bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transport and Fate of Nitrate in a Saturated Buffer Zone as Assessed With a Chloride Tracer Test
Authors: Sahad Alhassan , Peterson Eric W.
Published: August 2024

The Upper Mississippi Basin, which includes Illinois, has highly fertile soils and experiences intensive agricultural practices. Although fertile, the soils do not drain well, resulting in the installation of tile-drainage systems. The practices of tile systems coupled with the application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers have led to the excessive export of nitrate from the agricultural fields into surface waters, contributing to eutrophication and the development of hypoxic zones in aquatic environments. Saturated riparian buffer zones (SRBs) have been proposed as a means to reduce the amount of nitrate discharged from tile-drained waters into streams. Previous works show a reduction in the nitrate as waters travel through an SRB, but in situ measurements of travel times are limited. Using the results from a 52-day tracer test, we developed a mathematical model combining end-member mixing of a tracer, chloride, and concentrations of nitrate as nitrogen (NO3-N) to determine the travel time of the tile waters in an SRB and to quantify the amount of NO3-N reduction occurring within an SRB. For the first 30 days, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations indicated aerobic conditions within the waters of most of the SRB, which saw a concomitant increase in NO3-N concentrations along groundwater pathways. As DO concentrations decreased below 4.5 mg/L, NO3-N concentrations began to lower along the flow pathways, resulting in NO3-N reductions ranging from 23 to 97 percent.
Efecto del uso de estimuladores de crecimiento sobre los indicadores de desempeño y aspectos morfoeritrocitarios evaluados en juveniles de Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792)
Authors: Gaitán Saeko , Benítez-Polo Zamir , Pulgar-Baccaa Andres , Blanco-Cervantes Germán , López-Patiño Danny
Published: August 2024

El presente estudio proporcionó evidencias de los efectos del tratamiento con vitamina C y probióticos sobre el desempeño productivo y el perfil hematológico en juveniles de róbalo (Centropomus undecimalis), una especie emblemática del trópico americano que cuenta con gran valor económico en el mercado. En los ensayos se utilizaron 90 especímenes de 17,8±0,5 cm de longitud total y 42,5±3,0 g de peso. Se evaluaron tres tratamientos (vitamina C, probiótico y control) con tres réplicas, distribuyendo al azar 10 peces por tanque. La calidad del agua se mantuvo en condiciones controladas. Se estimaron indicadores del desempeño y aspectos hematológicos para cada tratamiento. El comportamiento eritrocitario, particularmente el tamaño de las células y el factor de forma, sugiere un beneficio por el suplemento de las dietas con probióticos y vitamina C. No obstante, la morfología del núcleo y la longitud y el ancho de la célula, cuando se utiliza vitamina C, indica una disminución del espacio citoplasmático, que influye en el volumen corpuscular medio y la concentración media de hemoglobina corpuscular, lo cual afecta el transporte y, consecuentemente, el oxígeno en la sangre. Después de los 63 días de experimentación, los peces suplementados con el probiótico presentaron mejores respuestas en los índices de desempeño zootécnicos y respuesta inmune que los del grupo control y los suplementados con vitamina C.
Construction and Biological Evaluation of Different Nanoshell Thickness Ni@SiO2 Nanotubes as Good Protein Separation Carriers for Bovine Hemoglobin
Authors: Cheng Xiaomei , Liu Chang , Cai Yuanyuan , Li Xiangzi , Zhao Ruirui , Feng Yan , Wang Meifang
Published: August 2024

Background:

Nickel nanomaterials play an important role in biological applications,
but they have high toxicity and poor biocompatibility. To overcome these defects,
we coated the surface of Ni nanotubes with different thicknesses of SiO2 to reduce
cytotoxicity, improve biocompatibility, and broaden their biological application value.

Objective:

This study aimed to construct Ni nanotubes with different thicknesses of SiO2
nanoshells; investigate the effects of silicon layer thickness, incubation time, and cell
line category on the cytotoxicity of the as-synthesized materials, and evaluate the biocompatibility
of the materials by biological enzymes. The Ni@SiO2-NH2 was selected
for use as an adsorbent for the adsorption and purification of histidine-rich proteins,
such as Bovine Hemoglobin (BHb).

Methods:

Magnetic Ni nanotubes were prepared by the template-chemical deposition
method. A modified version of the Stöber process was used for the SiO2 coating of
Ni@SiO2 nanotubes, and adjusted by changing the volume of TEOS for different thicknesses
of SiO2 nanoshells.

Results:

Different cell lines containing tumor cells and normal cells were used in the
toxicity experiment, which confirmed the low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility of
Ni@SiO2. To achieve high efficiency of immobilization and purification of histidine-
rich proteins, Ni@SiO2-NH2 was obtained by introducing the amino functional
group. The Ni@SiO2-NH2 was found to possess lower cytotoxicity and higher adsorption
capacity compared to other synthesized materials. Besides, the Ni@SiO2-NH2 also
exhibited good selectivity of histidine-rich proteins.

Conclusion:

This work has not only provided ideas for reducing the cytotoxicity and improving
the biocompatibility of biological nanomaterials, but also laid a foundation for
subsequent biological applications.
The Role of Intracellular and Extracellular Vesicles in the Development of Therapy Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Wilczak Magdalena , Surman Magdalena , Przybyło Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

:

Cancer is the second leading cause of global mortality and claims approximately 10 million lives annually.
Despite advances in treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, resistance to these
methods has emerged. Multidrug resistance (MDR), where cancer cells resist diverse treatments, undermines
therapy effectiveness, escalating mortality rates. MDR mechanisms include, among others, drug inactivation,
reduced drug uptake, enhanced DNA repair, and activation of survival pathways such as autophagy. Moreover,
MDR mechanisms can confer resistance to other therapies like radiotherapy. Understanding these mechanisms
is crucial for improving treatment efficacy and identifying new therapeutic targets. Extracellular vesicles
(EVs) have gathered attention for their role in cancer progression, including MDR development through
protein transfer and genetic reprogramming. Autophagy, a process balancing cellular resources, also influences
MDR. The intersection of EVs and autophagy further complicates the understanding of MDR. Both extracellular
(exosomes, microvesicles) and intracellular (autophagic) vesicles contribute to therapy resistance
by regulating the tumor microenvironment, facilitating cell communication, and modulating drug processing.
While much is known about these pathways, there is still a need to explore their potential for predicting treatment
responses and understanding tumor heterogeneity.
CADD Methods for Developing Novel Compounds Synthesized to Inhibit
Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
Authors: Bouribab Amal , Errougui Abdelkbir , Chtita Samir
Published: August 2024

Growth factors and their receptor tyrosine kinases play a central role in regulating vital
cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, division, and cell survival, and they are
closely associated with the development of various types of cancer, particularly in the context of
angiogenesis. Although several small chemical compounds targeting tyrosine kinase receptors
have been approved by the FDA for cancer treatment by inhibiting angiogenesis, there is still a
need for more effective medications. in silico studies are now crucial tools for the design of new
drugs, offering considerable advantages such as cost and time reduction. In this review, we examined
recent in silico research carried out between 2022 and 2024, focusing on new drug candidates
synthesized to fight cancer, in particular by targeting tyrosine kinase receptors involved in
the process of angiogenesis.
Top Three Healthcare Trends in Orthopaedics Affecting Musculoskeletal
Care in the Elderly
Authors: Lorio Morgan P. , Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe , Blum Kenneth
Published: August 2024

Several trends toward patient-centered multi-care models employing translational
research strategies are currently emerging in orthopaedics. These align seamlessly
with epigenetics discussions in pain, a clinical approach to pain management that prioritizes
tailoring healthcare to individual needs, preferences, and circumstances. Recognizing
the unique genetic and epigenetic factors influencing pain perception, healthcare
providers can integrate personalized insights into their patient-centered approach, offering
more targeted and effective pain management strategies tailored to each individual's
experience. Custom 3D-printing technologies may also become increasingly relevant to
more effectively and reliably treat painful degenerative structural abnormalities. They
are expected to go hand-in-hand with the precision medicine redefinition of musculoskeletal
care. More effective analysis of surgeons' clinical decision-making and patients'
perception of high-value orthopaedic care is needed. Shared Decision Making (SDM)
is critical to identifying the best solution for each patient and improving stakeholders'
understanding of factors influencing the diverse prioritizing values of surgical or
non-surgical treatments by payers, systems, and other providers. Identifying high-value
orthopaedic surgeries via effective SDM in orthopedic surgery requires more than just
presenting patients with information. The Rasch analysis of patient expectations can provide
this nuanced approach that involves understanding patient values, addressing misconceptions,
and aligning surgical recommendations with patient-specific goals. Optimizing
orthopaedic treatment within the patient-centered framework can drive innovation
in reimbursement policies that support the field more broadly. Research on separating
high-value from low-value orthopaedic procedures may likely impact healthcare decision-
makers' resource allocation.
Urgensi Reformulasi Ketentuan Pembelian Terselubung Dalam Undang-Undang Narkotika Untuk Mencegah Penyalahgunaan Wewenang Oleh Penegak Hukum
Authors: Martua Yosua Alexander , Istiqomah Milda , Bagaskoro Ladito Risang
Published: August 2024

This research aims to study the confusing norm concerning the application of enquiry into the case of undercover buy as in Article 79 of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, which is not further elaborated in terms of the implementation of the law concerned, which leads further to another issue of field implementation and legal loophole to enforce the law in terms of permit to own narcotics for private use. This research employs normative-juridical methods and statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The research results reveal that there is an urgency to reformulate the provision of undercover buy in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics because the Criminal Code Procedure does not specifically regulate the technique of undercover buy. This research, therefore, compares the undercover buy between Indonesia and the United States of America and Britain.
Manual de manejo de yuca para consumo fresco en diferentes regiones de Colombia
Authors: Contreras Valencia Katia Vanesa , Cordero Cordero Carina Cecilia , Rosero Alpala Elvia Amparo , Regino Hernández Sol Mara , Martínez Figueroa Remberto Rafael , Espitia Montes Amaury Aroldo , Moreno Barragán Jessica , Rodríguez Henao Eberto , Garavito Morales Lina Vanessa , Delgado Ochica Clara Yalexy , Cubillos Hinojosa Juan Guillermo , León Pacheco Rommel Igor , Montejo Núñez Luis Giovanni Mauricio , Montes Pérez Martha Liliana , Orozco Guerrero Alfonso Rafael , Silva Acosta Gabriel Ernesto , Muñoz Falcón Julio Ernesto , Sandoval Contreras Héctor Augusto
Published: August 2024

El trabajo recopila información base sobre el desarrollo del sistema productivo de yuca industrial en el Caribe colombiano. Este modelo productivo inicia con el capítulo 1, sobre la taxonomía y botánica de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), con información básica sobre la especie cultivada, sus centros de origen y su diversidad. El capítulo 2 aborda las condiciones edafoclimáticas para la producción de yuca industrial. La descripción de la cadena de valor de la yuca industrial, que conecta diferentes segmentos, se realiza en el capítulo 3, donde se resaltan los usos de las variedades registradas de yuca industrial en el Caribe. Luego, los avances obtenidos gracias al mejoramiento genético de la yuca se abordan en el capítulo 4, y en el capítulo 5 se presenta una descripción detallada de las variedades industriales más cultivadas y las zonas de cultivo. El capítulo 6 recoge información valiosa sobre la fisiología de la yuca, y el capítulo 7 aborda la producción de semilla de alta calidad de yuca, y describe los procesos vigentes y la normativa para la producción de semilla de diferentes categorías. Los capítulos 8, 9, 10 y 11 abordan, respectivamente, el manejo del cultivo, el uso del recurso hídrico, el manejo integrado de enfermedades y el control de insectos plaga en el cultivo de yuca industrial. El capítulo 12 brinda recomendaciones para la cosecha que se deben considerar en la producción de materia prima en diferentes industrias y describe los procesos agroindustriales en poscosecha. Finalmente, el capítulo 13 trata sobre los costos de producción y la viabilidad económica del cultivo de yuca industrial.
Plan de manejo y conservación de suelos en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Natural Complejo Volcánico Doña Juana - Cascabel
Authors: Cortés Delgadillo Diego Leonardo , Bolaños-Benavides Martha Marina , Meneses Buitrago Diego Hernán , López Rendón Juan Fernando , Rodríguez Puertas David , Ríos Peña Lina Marcela , Lerma Lasso Jose Libardo
Published: August 2024

El “Plan de manejo y conservación de suelos en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Natural Complejo Volcánico Doña Juana - Cascabel” busca optimizar el uso y manejo de los suelos en áreas estratégicas del municipio de La Cruz, Nariño, Colombia. Este plan se desarrolla en el marco de políticas públicas nacionales y en colaboración con productores locales, abordando tanto prácticas productivas sostenibles como de conservación. El documento destaca la importancia de las condiciones edafoclimáticas de la región e identifica los principales cultivos y actividades agropecuarias que impactan el suelo. Se detallan prácticas tradicionales en cultivos de raíces y tubérculos, frutales, gramíneas, leguminosas y ganadería, que influyen significativamente en la calidad del suelo. El plan incluye una evaluación del estado actual de los suelos, donde se identifican conflictos de uso y la necesidad de implementar prácticas de manejo sostenible. Se proponen estrategias de agricultura de conservación, que incluyen la labranza mínima y sistemas agrosilvopastoriles, para mejorar las propiedades biológicas, físicas y químicas del suelo, a fin de promover una gestión más sostenible de los recursos naturales. Este proyecto contó con el apoyo de la Unión Europea (UE), la Agencia Italiana de Cooperación para el Desarrollo (AICS) y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), así como del programa DRET II, que busca fortalecer la capacidad técnica y humana en la región para fomentar el desarrollo rural sostenible y la protección de la biodiversidad en áreas de importancia ecológica.
Factors Influencing Primary Care Access for Common Mental Health Conditions Among Adults in West Africa: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Adjei-Banuah Nhyira Yaw , Ayiku Roberta Naa Barkey , Reichenberger Veronika , Sasu David , Mirzoev Tolib , Murphy Adrianna , Ohene Sammy , Antwi Edward , Agyepong Irene Akua
Published: August 2024

Background

Mental health conditions are expressed in various ways in different people, and access to health care for these conditions is affected by individual factors, health care provider factors, and contextual factors. These factors may be enablers or barriers to accessing primary care for mental health conditions. Studies have reported a gap in treatment for mental health conditions in many countries in West Africa due to barriers along the access pathway. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is yet to be a review of the factors influencing access to primary care for common mental health conditions among adults in West Africa.

Objective

Our scoping review will explore the factors influencing access to primary care for common mental health conditions among adults aged 18 years and older in West Africa from 2002 to 2024.

Methods

Our review will follow the approach to scoping reviews developed by Arksey and O’Malley in 2005. This approach has five stages: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) charting the data; and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. We will search electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cairn.info, and Google Scholar), source gray literature from relevant websites (the World Health Organization and country-specific websites), and manually explore reference lists of relevant studies to identify eligible records. Pairs of independent authors (NYA-B, RNBA, VR, or DS) will screen the titles, abstracts, and full texts of studies based on predefined eligibility criteria. We will use a data extraction tool adopted from the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis to chart the data. Deductive, thematic analysis will be used to categorize factors influencing access to mental health care under predetermined themes. New themes derived from the literature will also be charted.

Results

Database searches were conducted between February 1, 2024, and February 12, 2024. As of July 2024, the review report is being drafted, and it will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions

The results of the review will inform decision-making on policies, programs, and their implementation in West Africa to improve primary care access for mental health care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/58890
Companionship and sharing create social connections: Phase 2 trial of a virtual community-based intervention for outpatient cancer patients (Preprint)
Authors: HE YI , Pang Ying , Liu Ying , Li Zimeng , Wang Yan , Zhang Yening , Su Zhongge , Song Lili , He Shuangzhi , Wang Bingmei , Tang Lili
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Virtual community, as a platform providing social connections, has received research attention in the medical field. However, there is currently no virtual community tailored for outpatient cancer patients. This study presents preliminary data on a customized virtual community designed to offer companionship and sharing for outpatient cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the feasibility and initial effectiveness of a newly developed virtual community application in improving the quality of life (QOL) among cancer patients.

METHODS

A phase 2 intervention-only design was implemented to evaluate the acceptance, compliance, and preliminary efficacy of a virtual community for outpatient cancer patients. The study involved cancer patients participating in a 4-week virtual community support intervention through a mobile app. Patients completed a QOL questionnaire at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks to assess primary outcomes. Task engagement, task completion rates, and daily community logins were also monitored to evaluate intervention feasibility.

RESULTS

Baseline assessments were conducted on 30 patients, with 25 patients assessed at T1 and 22 at T2. The average daily login rate was 60.37%, with daily participation and community activity completion rates reaching 42.25% and 22.38%, respectively. Patients actively engaging in community activities showed significant improvements in global health status (QL) (P=0.004), emotional function (EF) (P=0.035), and constipation (CO) (P=0.005) after 4 weeks compared to less active patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The virtual community intervention, emphasizing companionship and sharing, proved feasible for enhancing the QOL among cancer patients. Future validation of its effectiveness will require well-designed randomized controlled trials. Continued optimization tailored to specific user groups will also be crucial for meeting the community's evolving needs.
Understanding the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Technologies for People With Visual Impairments: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Szekely Raul , Holloway Catherine , Bandukda Maryam
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

There has been a rapid growth in the literature on the design and evaluation of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments; yet, there is a lack of a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on the classification of immediate-, short-, medium-, and long-term psychosocial impact of assistive technologies on the quality of life of people with visual impairments.

OBJECTIVE

This protocol outlines the methodology for a scoping review aimed at identifying and synthesizing the existing literature on the psychosocial impact of assistive technologies on the quality of life of people with visual impairments.

METHODS

The review will include primary research studies published in English between 2019 and 2024 that focus on the psychosocial outcomes of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments. Eligible studies will involve participants with visual impairments, of all ages and across various settings, examining psychological (eg, emotional well-being and self-esteem) and social outcomes (eg, social participation and support). Searches will be conducted across 7 electronic research databases: CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (EBSCO), ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (first 100 records). Studies will undergo screening and selection based on predefined eligibility criteria, with data extraction focusing on publication details, study design, population characteristics, type of assistive technology, and psychosocial impacts. Results will be summarized using descriptive statistics, charts, and narrative synthesis.

RESULTS

The database search, conducted in July 2024, identified 1145 records, which will be screened and analyzed in subsequent stages of the review process. This protocol outlines the planned approach for identifying, categorizing, and synthesizing evidence. The study findings are anticipated to be finalized and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal by February 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will synthesize the recent body of work on the psychosocial impact of assistive technologies for people with visual impairments and recommendations for researchers and designers interested in this research area.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework 10.17605/OSF.IO/SK7N8; https://osf.io/4gc5t

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/65056
Implementasi Roadmap Pengamanan Wilayah Perbatasan dalam Menghadapi Klaim Malaysia dan Implikasinya terhadap Ketahanan Wilayah (Studi Kasus di Perbatasan Ambalat)
Authors: Suryono Yoos
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK              Blok Ambalat adalah sumber sengketa antara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Perselisihan muncul ketika Malaysia berusaha merebut Blok Ambalat yang diduga kaya akan sumberdaya laut dan bawah laut, terutama minyak. Perselisihan itu berasal dari penarikan sepihak perbatasan maritim Malaysia pada peta baru tahun 1979, yang memasukkan Blok Ambalat sebagai wilayahnya. Berdasarkan permasalahan  tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini  adalah mengimplementasikan strategi TNI dalam operasi pengamanan perbatasan di Blok Ambalat untuk menangkal berbagai ancaman yang berasal dari Malaysia.             Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan Interpretative Structural Modeling dengan menggunakan variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi peningkatan pertahanan di perbatasan ambalat, diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut.             Dari model ISM yang diperoleh dalam hasil dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi enam (Implementing the fulfilment of budget support) merupakan prioritas utama yang harus dilaksanakan sebelum variabel lain dapat berhasil diimplementasikan. Meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia (strategi lima) juga penting sebelum menerapkan strategi lainnya. Strategi lainnya, seperti pembangunan pusat pengawasan dan pengendalian ALKI teknologi terkini (strategi satu), pertukaran data cerdas dan puskodal dengan sistem K4IPP antar instansi (strategi dua), peningkatan unsur kekuatan dalam ALKI II (strategi tiga), dan pengendalian ketahanan maritim nasional (P3KMN) yaitu strategi empat.
Pengaruh Budaya Populer Di Kalangan Pemuda Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Budaya Komunitas Etnik (Studi Tentang Korean Wave Di Komunitas Suku Mandar, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat)
Authors: Susanti Eni , Mu’min Mu’min , Mausili Dwi Rianisa , Sajidin Muhammad , Hafid Abdul
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya populer di kalangan pemuda dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan budaya komunitas etnik (studi tentang Korean Wave di Komunitas Suku Mandar Provinsi Sulawesi Barat).Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2023 di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Forum Group Discussion (FGD), observasi dan studi pustaka. Informan dari penelitian ini adalah para pemuda yang berusia antara 16 – 30 tahun dengan kriteria informan merupakan fans Korean Wave dan bersuku asli mandar yang berdomisili di wilayah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Informan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 13 orang. Data yang diperoleh  dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa masuknya kebudayaan korean wave tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap ketahanan budaya Mandar di kalangan pemuda di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Informan dalam penelitian ini masih mampu  menjawab pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan kebudayaan mandar seperti kepandaian berbahasa Mandar, nilai-nilai malaqbiq, makanan khas, baju adat serta macam-macam kebudayaan yang ada di tanah Mandar. Ini membuktikan bahwa mereka tidak melupakan kebudayaannya sendiri walaupun masih terdapat beberapa informan yang tidak lancar berbahasa mandar, tidak paham mengenai nilai-nilai malaqbiq di tanah Mandar, dan sedikit kebudayaan yang masih diingat. Namun  secara keseluruhan informan masih mengetahui budaya asli Mandar seiring dengan masuknya budaya korean wave, hal ini dikarenakan lingkungan sekitar seperti keluarga dan masyarakat yang masih menerapkan budaya Mandar dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari. Bahkan dengan adanya korean wave mereka lebih termotivasi dan semangat dalam mengejar impiannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa masuknya kebudayaan korean wave tidak memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap ketahanan budaya Mandar di kalangan pemuda di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat.
Hakikat Dan Nuansa Ketahanan Sosial Masyarakat Banyumas Dalam Lensa Reproduksi Sosial
Authors: Prastyanti Shinta -
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19 epidemic requires strengthening community resilience to adapt to changing social situations. The research aims to find out the nature and nuances of the dynamics of social resilience in the Banyumas community through changes in priorities that occur in society, especially those related to education, through the lens of social reproduction.A literature study is employed to answer research questions by analysis of diverse related publications conducted by conceptual approach. The study examined social conditions as the research problem's context, the connectedness across social mobility and schooling, shifts in household educational expenditures, gaps caused by social mobility, and the education system as a whole under the domination of dominant ideas.The study's findings indicate that shifting the focus of household expenditure onto schooling as a social reproduction mechanism fails to always result in the predicted vertical social mobility and keeps the poorer segments of society in their place, but it is more helpful for the middle class by optimizing resources and access, and circumstances exacerbate socioeconomic disparities, which could risk the dynamics of social resilience in society.
Kontribusi Usaha Kambing Bligon Dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Berbasis Ternak Wilayah (Studi di Daerah Pesisir Kabupaten Bantul, DIY)
Authors: Haryanto Bambang , Wardi Wardi , Puspito Sigit , Yano Aan Andri , Pratiwi Nugraheni Nur , Bhermana Andy , Sulistyaningsih Yoshi Tri
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT Bligon goats, as one of the local livestock resources, had significant potential to improved the welfare of coastal communities in Bantul Regency. The aim of the research was to analyzed the contribution of the viability of the bligon goat business in realizing food resilience, livestock empowerment, and the foundations of national resilience in the coastal areas of Bantul Regency. The research was conducted in Bantul Regency at two kapanewons which represent coastal areas, namely Sanden and Srandakan. This study used an approach to economic conditions over the past year. The calculations carried out included total production, added value, the function of livestock as savings, insurances and fertilizer producers. The average age of farmers in the research location was 53 years 10 months, with an average of 13 years of farming experience and an average of 7 goats. The results of calculating the Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C), Payback Period (PP), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) in calculating the financial feasibility of the Bligon goat farming business in coastal areas showed that this business was worthy of development. The development of Bligon goat cultivation could be used in efforts to alleviated poverty in the community and supported sustainable economic growth in the coastal areas of Bantul Regency. The sustainability of this economic dimension was expected to make a positive contribution to food resilience and national resilience by encouraging an increase in the number of farmers and goats.
Physical Function and Mortality in Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Liu Christine K. , Parvathinathan Gomathy , Stedman Margaret R. , Seliger Stephen L. , Weiner Daniel E. , Tamura Manjula Kurella ,   for the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Using data from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study, we found that death in older adults with CKD is associated with (1) slow walking speed and (2) frailty.

The elevated risk of death with slow walking speed or frailty persisted even if kidney failure with replacement therapy was pursued.

When older adults with CKD and their families face treatment decisions, clinicians should utilize walking speed to frame discussions of prognosis.

Background

Accurate mortality prediction can guide clinical care for older adults with CKD. Yet existing tools do not incorporate physical function, an independent predictor of death in older adults. We determined whether incorporating physical function measurements improve mortality prediction among older adults with CKD.

Methods

We included Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort participants who were 65 years and older, had eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, not receiving kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT), and had least one gait speed assessment. Gait speed was measured at usual pace (≥0.84, 0.83–0.65, 0.64–0.47, ≤0.46 m/s, or unable), and frailty was assessed using Physical Frailty Phenotype criteria (range 0–5 points, also known as Fried criteria). We modeled time to all-cause death over 5 years using Cox proportional hazard models, treating KFRT as censored and noncensored events in separate analyses. C-statistics assessed model discrimination.

Results

Among 2338 persons, mean age was 70±4 years, 43% were female, and 43% were Black. Mean eGFR was 42±13 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and median urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was 33 mg/g (Q1 9, Q3 206). Over a median follow-period of 5 years, 392 died and 164 developed KFRT. In censored analyses, adding gait speed or frailty improved mortality risk prediction. The C-statistic changed from 0.69 to 0.72 with gait speed scores and from 0.70 to 0.73 with frailty scores. The performance of models with gait speed or frailty was similar in noncensored analyses.

Conclusions

Among older adults with CKD, adding measures of physical function modestly improves mortality prediction.
An Analysis of Conversational Implicature in Besieged City from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle
Authors: Han Kaihui
Published: August 2024

The theory of conversational implicature proposed by H.P.Grice in 1967 has always been regarded as the focus of pragmatics. Its basic theory includes the four principles of verbal communication. The cooperative principle is the specific requirement of the theory of conversational implicature. Geoffrey Leech put forward the politeness principle to complement the cooperative principle. The cooperative principle and the politeness principle play an important role in people's communication. In the process of generating and understanding discourse, both parties in the conversation need to use them flexibly. This study selects the classic dialogues in the novel Besieged City as the text, and tries to analyse the conversational implicature arising from the violation of the principles of cooperation and politeness. It is found that conversational implicature can produce certain literary effects in literary works, and the successful achievement of conversational effect needs the comprehensive support of context, cooperation between both parties in the conversation, and social and cultural environment.
A Review on Surgical Prophylaxis of Thoracic Surgery
Authors:   Pharm.D, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Kulkarni Chaitali Chandrakant , Landge Sneha Kashinath ,   Pharm.D, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Suryawanshi Prajakta Deepak ,   Pharm.D, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Mahajan Shreya Uday ,   Pharm.D, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Ashfaque Ahmed Syeda Adiba Fatima Syed ,   Pharm.D, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded
Published: August 2024

In thoracic surgery, surgical prophylaxis is essential for avoiding postoperative infections, which are a major sourceof morbidity and death. The goal of this study is to present a thorough overview of the recommendations, data, andcurrent practices that support the use of preventive antibiotics during thoracic surgical operations. Important variablesimpacting the selection of preventive medicine, when to provide it, and how long to do so are covered. The reviewalso discusses the difficulties and factors to be taken into account while optimizing prophylaxis in order to balanceeffectiveness and reduce the likelihood of antibiotic resistance. In order to enhance patient outcomes and clinical practice, emerging trends and future directions in surgical prophylaxis for thoracic surgery are being investigated. Keywords: surgical prophylaxis, thoracic surgery, postoperative infections, prophylactic antibiotics, clinical guidelines, antibiotic resistance, patient outcomes
Las funciones pragmáticas de mira, oye y escucha: sus características apelativas y el significado léxico
Authors: Nomura Mei
Published: August 2024

Este estudio se centra en clarificar la diferencia que existe entre mira, oye y escucha como marcadores cuyo propósito consiste en llamar la atención del oyente. De acuerdo con Cuenca y Marín (2000) son intercambiables, pero, con el objetivo de aclarar los diferentes contextos en los que se usan, hemos realizado tres encuestas a hablantes españoles. Al analizar los resultados, concluimos que con mira y escucha el hablante busca que el oyente comprenda el enunciado, aunque con un matiz distinto: con mira el hablante presenta su parecer de manera tajante, mientras que con escucha explica concretamente el proceso de su juicio. Por otro lado, la función de oye se limita a llamar la atención. Seguidamente, comparamos el grado de desemantización de estas tres formas, porque Nomura (2022) evidencia que este contraste de grado se relaciona con sus funciones. A su vez, defendemos que, a pesar de la desemantización que sufren como marcadores discursivos, la diferencia en la función pragmática deriva de su naturaleza, es decir, no pierde completamente su significado léxico: la percepción activa visual (mira), la percepción activa auditiva (escucha) y la percepción pasiva auditiva (oye).
Estudios regionales. Observaciones ópticas de satélites artificiales en Puebla, México (1957-1962)
Authors: Taboada D. , Taboada R. , García Moll J.
Published: August 2024

La Estación de Observación de Satélites Artificiales situada en la ciudad de Puebla, Pue., México, ha colaborado por casi cinco años con el Observatorio Astrofísico Smithsoniano, de Cambridge, Mass., E. U. A., en el rastreo de satélites artificiales por medios ópticos. La creación de la estación se inició en agosto de 1957 por el señor Domingo Taboada, antiguo observador de estrellas variables, a petición de Mr. León Campbell, Jr., astrónomo del Observatorio Astrofísico Smithsoniano¹ y encargado del ProgramaMoonwatch en los Estados Unidos de América. La colaboración del Sr. Taboada se pidio para montar una estación en la ciudad de Puebla para observar el satélite Vanguard que sería lanzado durante el Año Geofísico Internacional 1957-1958 y formaría parte de la red del Programa Moonwatch, con la ayuda del Observatorio Astrofísico Smithsoniano en efemérides y equipo de observación.
La estructura de los huracanes: una revisión
Authors: LaSeur N. E.
Published: August 2024

Esta breve revisión aspira a dar un fondo histórico y técnico que permita visualizar la investigación actual sobre la estructura de los huracanes. No pretende agotar el tema; pues sería más bien casi imposible considerar todos los trabajos que tratan del asunto. Primeramente, se limitara a la discusión de los huracanes maduros, es decir, con desarrollo completo y antes de su transformación a características extratropicales o de su modificación sobre tierra. Después se concentrará a los resultados de las dos últimas décadas en que se ha logrado más progreso que en la precedente centuria.
Esfuerzos de vórtices en el Huracán Donna (1960) sobre Long Island
Authors: Cohen Lester A. , Spar Jerome
Published: August 2024

Son raras las oportunidades para estudiar la estructura del viento en la capa de frontera superficial de un huracán y una de ellas fue dada por el Huracán Donna, que pasó sobre Long Island, Nueva York, el 12 de Septiembre de 1960 en la cercanía de la torre meteorológica de 420-pies del Laboratorio Nacional de Brookhaven (LNB) (Singer, Nagle y Brown, 1961).
Un experimento numérico para completar análisis tropicales con fotografías de satélites
Authors: Hubert Lester F.
Published: August 2024

Frecuentemente las fotografías de satélites revelan áreas de movimiento ascendente, asociadas con baja convergencia troposférica y áreas de circulación relacionadas con vorticidad además de indicar líneas de corrientes. Para este experimento se utilizó un programa de cálculo IBM 7090 con el fin de qué en el campo de velocidad horizontal, inicialmente estimado por fotografías de nubes, se apreciará también la divergencia y configuración de vorticidad por fotografías. El éxito de este primer caso de prueba se demostró calculando independientemente los vientos por dicho método y comparando los resultados con datos de vientos retenidos de análisis iniciales. Por ello, esa técnica puede proporcionar un método directo de interpretación de datos en fotografías que no se usa para apreciar líneas de corrientes, lográndose así información adicional de los satélites. Continuando el trabajo con esa técnica se formará un catálogo de configuraciones de vorticidad-divergencia asociadas con casos de buenos datos, que a su vez puede usarse para analizar situaciones similares en áreas con datos escasos.
Sobre formación e intensificación de ciclones tropicales por convección profunda de cumulus
Authors: Kuo H. L.
Published: August 2024

Está bien establecido que la principal fuente de energía para desarrollo de ciclones tropicales es la liberación de calor latente de condensación. Hablando en general, el calor latente puede ser liberado por medio de dos mecanismos enteramente diferentes, a saber, (i) por movimiento vertical medio y (ii) por convección profunda de cumulus a menor escala.
Sobre el crecimiento de la depresión huracanada, un resumen
Authors: Charney Jule G. , Eliassen Arnt
Published: August 2024

Se demuestra que la corriente entrante friccional de aire húmedo con una atmósfera tropical condicionalmente inestable causa una perturbación de escala ciclónica de pequeña amplitud simétrica que se amplifica. El mecanismo de crecimiento comprende una interacción cooperativa entre las celdas de cumulus individuales y la perturbación a gran escala. Las celdas de cumulus en la región de la corriente entrante friccional proporcionan energía de calor latente a la perturbación y la perturbación proporciona humedad a las celdas de cumulus.
Sobre la naturaleza del mecanismo inicial en la formación de huracanes
Authors: Alaka M. A.
Published: August 2024

Se sabe que los huracanes se desarrollan por abajo de un anticiclón superior que induce calentamiento de la perturbación inicial de núcleo frio y qué a su turno, son intensificados por el proceso de calentamiento. Por consideraciones teóricas se demuestra qué si tal proceso continúa hasta que el anticiclón superior alcanza inestabilidad dinámica de máxima intensidad, en la forma de vientos anticiclónicos absolutos, queda liberado en localidades preferentes respecto a la dirección del movimiento del anticiclón. Se propone un modelo basado en la hipótesis de que esos vientos anticiclónicos absolutos son causantes del mecanismo inicial y se demuestra que tiene apoyo en observaciones disponibles.
Nuevo Instrumental - Un sismómetro vertical con suspensión magnética
Authors: Merino y Coronado J.
Published: August 2024

Los sismómetros verticales están basados en sistemas de péndulos compuestos por una masa suspendida de resortes metálicos de diferentes tipos para eliminar Ia disimetria de los movimientos oscilatorios. A. veces se añade algún tipo de diafragma circular elástico que funciona como transductor, ocasionalmente reducido a tres laminas elásticas o hilos, como en los sismómetros del tipo Benioff. Por medio de un análisis matemático de sismómetros de resorte se encontró que si la constante del resorte es grande el sistema funciona como un acelerógrafo mientras que si Ia constantes pequeña, el sistema puede usarse para medir desplazamientos. Después de algunas consideraciones, prácticas sobre Ia construcción de sismómetros verticales y sobre propiedades de resortes metálicos, se presenta un tratamiento matemático de su manipulación y aplicación. Para obtener una interpretación acertada de los sismogramas deben introducirse algunas correcciones que compensen las variaciones del campo magnético como se describe en el texto.
México, área donde ocurren cambios seculares de la gravedad
Authors: Woollard G. P. , Monges Caldera J.
Published: August 2024

Existen pocos lugares en el mundo en que se tengan datos adecuados para demostrar cambios seculares presentes o pasados de la gravedad. Hay lugares con marcados cambios locales en la gravedad del orden 1 mgal o más, asociados a desplazamientos corticales resultantes de temblores o subsidencias a causa de excavaciones mineras o de bombeo en campos petroleros, pero que dan poca evidencia para indicar cambios regionales continuos de la grave dad. Boulanger (comunicación personal) cree que mediciones de repetición con gravímetros múltiples en lugares claves entre Moscu y Vladivostok mostraron que tal área se encuentra en la parte este de la U.R.S.S., pero la experiencia de los autores, quienes han efectuado mediciones gravitacionales desde 1939, dice que sólo hay otro lugar donde parecen estar bien establecidos los cambios seculares de la gravedad y es la parte sur del Altiplano Mexicano.
Índice Analítico
Authors: Internacional Geofísica
Published: August 2024

Índice Analítico. Cronológico, Temático, Geográfico, de Autores y Publicaciones suplementarias de la Revista Geofísica Internacional en colaboración con la Unión Geofísica Mexicana
La geodesie spatiale geometrique a l 'Institut Geographique National Francais
Authors: Fontaine A.
Published: August 2024

La geodesia espacial geométrica está bien desarrollada en el Instituto Geográfico Nacional de Francia, pues permite resolver el problema de la descripción del sólido "tierra". La cámara balística ajustada es bien simple, para poder transportarla fácilmente e instalarla en cualquiera región del mundo. Pero, al contrario, los cálculos son relativamente complicados, aunque abordables por ordenadores medios. Las fórmulas y el método que se describen en este artículo derivan de la rigurosa aplicación de la teoría de los mínimos cuadrados, cuando se quieren aplicar a problemas planteados por la explotación de las placas fotográficas tomadas en los pasos de un satélite artificial.
Study of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Microchannel Heat Sinks for Electronics Cooling Application
Authors: Vardhan Kasukurthi
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Today’s age of rapid technological advancements has led to a significant rise in the demand for high-performance electronic chips with high power density. Effective thermal management of such high-power density systems is crucial for their performance, life and reliability. Growing trends of miniaturization and densely packed circuits have necessitated the development of optimized cooling methods, particularly for high-density electronic chips and flexible microelectronic devices. Amongst the presently available cooling techniques such as passive air cooling, forced air cooling, microchannel heat sink, liquid cold plates cooling and heat pipe, the microchannel heat sink technique stands out from the rest owing to its high rate of heat dissipation due to larger surface area to volume ratio. Current work explored three new enhancements in micro channel heat sink (MCHS) for electronic cooling. The new design have different geometry and different enhancement techniques compared with respect to the enhancement over their respective conventional domain. Three dimensional computational models based on finite volume approach were created incorporating the enhancement techniques and analysed numerically in ANSYS Workbench.