bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miniaturised substrate integrated waveguide cavities in dual‐band filter and diplexer design
Authors: Shen You‐Lin , Hung Jhuo‐Ting , Ho Min‐Hua , Hsu Chung‐I. G.
Published: January 2020

The contribution of this study is to develop a miniaturised substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity resonator with two evanescent‐mode resonances. The circuit area of the developed dual‐frequency SIW cavity is only 9.2% that of its conventional SIW cavity counterpart. A dual‐band filter is implemented from using two miniaturised SIW cavity resonators. The two‐passband frequencies can be independently controlled. Two transmission zeros are created by the two sides of each passband for enhancing the signal selectivity. A diplexer is also designed from using the proposed SIW cavities. A dual‐band filter and a diplexer are built for experimental verification. Agreements between measured and simulated data are observed. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the designed dual‐band filter and diplexer have achieved the best circuit area efficiency in the categories of dual‐band SIW cavity filters and diplexers.
Improved super‐twisting sliding mode control of a stand‐alone DFIG‐DC system with harmonic current suppression
Authors: Guo Lei , Wang Dan , Peng Zhouhua , Diao Liang
Published: January 2020

This study presents an improved super‐twisting sliding mode (SSM) approach to a stand‐alone doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) for direct current (DC) generation system. By taking the uncertainties into consideration, an improved SSM regulator based on an extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to enhance the robustness of DC‐voltage regulation. Moreover, a novel sinusoidal rotor current calculation method is proposed to generate sinusoidal reference of rotor current. A resonant‐based ESO (R‐ESO) SSM approach is proposed to regulate rotor current. By applying the R‐ESO to estimate the model‐related part of DFIG, the tracking performance with respect to a sinusoidal reference is improved. Then, the suppression ability to fifth and seventh harmonic currents are enhanced. Finally, both simulations and experiments on a 6‐kW DFIG‐DC system are provided to show the effectiveness of DC‐voltage regulation and harmonic current suppression of the proposed approach.
The long-lived Type IIn SN 2015da: Infrared echoes and strong interaction within an extended massive shell
Authors: Tartaglia L. , Pastorello A. , Sollerman J. , Fransson C. , Mattila S. , Fraser M. , Taddia F. , Tomasella L. , Turatto M. , Morales-Garoffolo A. , Elias-Rosa N. , Lundqvist P. , Harmanen J. , Reynolds T. , Cappellaro E. , Barbarino C. , Nyholm A. , Kool E. , Ofek E. , Gao X. , Jin Z. , Tan H. , Sand D. J. , Ciabattari F. , Wang X. , Zhang J. , Huang F. , Li W. , Mo J. , Rui L. , Xiang D. , Zhang T. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , McCully C. , Valenti S. , Benetti S. , Callis E. , Carracedo A. S. , Fremling C. , Kangas T. , Rubin A. , Somero A. , Terreran G.
Published: January 2020

In this paper we report the results of the first ~four years of spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of the Type IIn supernova SN 2015da (also known as PSN J13522411+3941286, or iPTF16tu). The supernova exploded in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 5337 in a relatively highly extinguished environment. The transient showed prominent narrow Balmer lines in emission at all times and a slow rise to maximum in all bands. In addition, early observations performed by amateur astronomers give a very well-constrained explosion epoch. The observables are consistent with continuous interaction between the supernova ejecta and a dense and extended H-rich circumstellar medium. The presence of such an extended and dense medium is difficult to reconcile with standard stellar evolution models, since the metallicity at the position of SN 2015da seems to be slightly subsolar. Interaction is likely the mechanism powering the light curve, as confirmed by the analysis of the pseudo bolometric light curve, which gives a total radiated energy ≳ 1051 erg. Modeling the light curve in the context of a supernova shock breakout through a dense circumstellar medium allowed us to infer the mass of the prexisting gas to be ≃ 8 M⊙, with an extreme mass-loss rate for the progenitor star ≃0.6 M⊙ yr−1, suggesting that most of the circumstellar gas was produced during multiple eruptive events. Near- and mid-infrared observations reveal a fluxexcess in these domains, similar to those observed in SN 2010jl and other interacting transients, likely due to preexisting radiatively heated dust surrounding the supernova. By modeling the infrared excess, we infer a mass ≳ 0.4 × 10−3 M⊙ for the dust.
The H IX galaxy survey
Authors: Lutz K. A. , Kilborn V. , Catinella B. , Cortese L. , Brown T. H. , Koribalski B.
Published: January 2020

Context. This paper presents the analysis of optical integral field spectra for the H I eXtreme (H IX) galaxy sample. H IX galaxies host at least 2.5 times more atomic gas (H I) than expected from their optical R-band luminosity. Previous examination of their star formation activity and H I kinematics suggested that these galaxies stabilise their large H I discs (radii up to 94 kpc) against star formation due to their higher than average baryonic specific angular momentum. A comparison to semi-analytic models further showed that the elevated baryonic specific angular momentum is inherited from the high spin of the dark matter host.

Aims. In this paper we now turn to the gas-phase metallicity as well as stellar and ionised gas kinematics in H IX galaxies to gain insights into recent accretion of metal-poor gas or recent mergers.

Methods. We compare the stellar, ionised, and atomic gas kinematics, and examine the variation in the gas-phase metallicity throughout the stellar disc of H IX galaxies.

Results. We find no indication for counter-rotation in any of the components, the central metallicities tend to be lower than average, but as low as expected for galaxies of similar H I mass. Metallicity gradients are comparable to other less H I-rich, local star forming galaxies.

Conclusions. We conclude that H IX galaxies show no conclusive evidence for recent major accretion or merger events. Their overall lower metallicities are likely due to being hosted by high spin halos, which slows down their evolution and thus the enrichment of their interstellar medium.
A broadband X-ray view of the NLSy1 1E 0754.6+3928
Authors: Middei R. , Tombesi F. , Vagnetti F. , Serafinelli R. , Bianchi S. , Miniutti G. , Marinucci A. , Matzeu G. A. , Petrucci P.-O. , Ursini F. , Zaino A.
Published: January 2020

Context. The soft X-ray band of many active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is affected by obscuration due to partially ionised matter crossing our line of sight. In this context, two past XMM-Newton observations that were six months apart and a simultaneous NuSTAR-Swift exposure of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy 1E 0754.6+3928, which was approximately eight years later, revealed an intense and variable warm absorber (WA) and hints of additional absorbers in the Fe Kα band.

Aims. We aim to provide the first X-ray characterisation of this AGN by discussing its broadband (0.3–79 keV) spectrum and temporal properties.

Methods. We conduct a temporal and spectroscopic analysis on two ∼10 ks (net exposure) XMM-Newton snapshots performed in April and October 2006. We also study the high energy behaviour of 1E 0754.6+3928 and model its broadband spectrum by using simultaneous Swift-NuSTAR data. Both phenomenological and physically motivated models are tested.

Results. We find the presence of flux variability of ∼150% and 30% for 0.3–2 and 2–10 keV bands, respectively, and spectral changes at months timescales of ΔΓ ∼ 0.4. A reflection component that is consistent with being constant over years and arising from relatively cold material that is far from the central super massive black hole is detected. The main spectral feature shaping the 1E 0754.6+3928 spectrum is a WA. Such a component is persistent over the years and the variability of its ionisation and column density is observed down on months in the ranges 3 × 1022cm−2 ≲  NH ≲ 7.2 × 1022cm−2 and 1.5 ≲ log (ξ/erg s−1 cm) ≲ 2.1. Despite the short exposures, we find possible evidence of two additional high-ionisation and high-velocity outflow components in absorption.

Conclusions. Our analysis suggests the existence of a complex system of absorbers in 1E 0754.6+3928. Longer exposures are required in order to characterise, on more solid grounds, the absorbers in this AGN.
First characterization of Swift J1845.7–0037 with NuSTAR
Authors: Doroshenko V. , Tsygankov S. , Long J. , Santangelo A. , Molkov S. , Lutovinov A. , Kong L. D. , Zhang S.
Published: January 2020

The hard X-ray transient source Swift J1845.7–0037 was discovered in 2012 by Swift/BAT. However, at that time, no dedicated observations of the source were performed. In October 2019, the source became active again, and X-ray pulsations with a period of ∼199 s were detected with Swift/XRT. This triggered follow-up observations with NuSTAR. Here, we report on the timing and spectral analysis of the source properties using NuSTAR and Swift/XRT. The main goal was to confirm pulsations and search for possible cyclotron lines in the broadband spectrum of the source to probe its magnetic field. Despite highly significant pulsations with period of 207.379(2) s being detected, no evidence for a cyclotron line was found in the spectrum of the source. We therefore discuss the strength of the magnetic field based on the source flux and the detection of the transition to the “cold-disc” accretion regime during the 2012 outburst. Our conclusion is that the source is most likely a highly magnetized neutron star with B ≳ 1013 G at a large distance of d ∼ 10 kpc. The latter is consistent with the nondetection of a cyclotron line in the NuSTAR energy band.
Longitudinal filament oscillations enhanced by two C-class flares
Authors: Zhang Q. M. , Guo J. H. , Tam K. V. , Xu A. A.
Published: January 2020

Context. Large-amplitude, longitudinal filament oscillations triggered by solar flares have been well established in the literature. However, filament oscillations enhanced by flares have never been reported.

Aims. In this paper we report the multiwavelength observations of a very long filament in active region (AR) 11112 on 2010 October 18. The filament was composed of two parts, the eastern part (EP) and the western part (WP). We focus on longitudinal oscillations of the EP, which were enhanced by two homologous C-class flares in the same AR.

Methods. The filament was observed in Hα wavelength by the Global Oscillation Network Group and in extreme ultraviolet wavelengths by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Line-of-sight magnetograms were provided by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board SDO. The global three-dimensional magnetic fields were obtained using the potential field source surface modeling. Soft X-ray light curves of the two flares were recorded by the GOES spacecraft. White light images of the corona were observed by the LASCO/C2 coronagraph on board SOHO. To reproduce part of the observations, we perform one-dimensional, hydrodynamic numerical simulations using the MPI-AMRVAC code.

Results. The C1.3 flare was confined without a coronal mass ejection (CME). Both EP and WP of the filament were slightly disturbed and survived the flare. After 5 h, eruption of the WP generated a C2.6 flare and a narrow jet-like CME. Three oscillating threads (thda, thdb, thdc) are obviously identified in the EP, and their oscillations are naturally divided into three phases by the two flares. The initial amplitude ranges from 1.6 to 30 Mm with a mean value of ∼14 Mm. The period ranges from 34 to 73 min with a mean value of ∼53 min. The curvature radii of the magnetic dips are estimated to be 29 to 133 Mm with a mean value of ∼74 Mm. The damping times ranges from ∼62 to ∼96 min with a mean value of ∼82 min. The value of τ/P is between 1.2 and 1.8. For thda in the EP, the amplitudes were enhanced by the two flares from 6.1 Mm to 6.8 Mm after the C1.3 flare, and further to 21.4 Mm after the C2.6 flare. The period variation as a result of perturbation from the flares was within 20%. The attenuation became faster after the C2.6 flare.

Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of large-amplitude, longitudinal filament oscillations enhanced by flares. Numerical simulations reproduce the oscillations of thda very well. The simulated amplitudes and periods are close to the observed values, while the damping time in the last phase is longer, implying additional mechanisms should be taken into account apart from radiative loss.
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE)
Authors: Boselli A. , Fossati M. , Longobardi A. , Boissier S. , Boquien M. , Braine J. , Côté P. , Cuillandre J. C. , Epinat B. , Ferrarese L. , Gavazzi G. , Gwyn S. , Hensler G. , Plana H. , Roehlly Y. , Schimd C. , Sun M. , Trinchieri G.
Published: January 2020

The Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE) is a blind narrow-band Hα + [NII] imaging survey of the Virgo cluster carried out with MegaCam at the Canada-French-Hawaii telescope. We use a new set of data extracted from VESTIGE to study the impact of the hostile cluster environment on the star formation process down to the scale of HII regions (∼50 pc). Here, HII regions are identified and their parameters measured using the HIIPHOT code on a sample of 114 late-type galaxies spanning a wide range in morphological type (Sa-Sd, Im, BCD), stellar mass (106.5 ≤ Mstar ≤ 1011 M⊙), and star formation activity (10−3 ≤ SFR ≤ 10 M⊙ yr−1). Owing to the exquisite average resolution of the VESTIGE data (0.65 arcsec), we detect 11302 HII regions with an Hα luminosity L(Hα) ≥ 1037 erg s−1. We show that the typical number of HII regions in gas-stripped objects is significantly lower than in healthy late-types of similar stellar mass. We also show that in these gas-stripped galaxies the number of HII regions significantly drops outside the effective radius, suggesting that the quenching process occurs outside-in, in agreement with other multifrequency observations. These new results consistently confirm that the main mechanism responsible for the decrease of the star formation activity observed in cluster galaxies is ram pressure, allowing us to discard other milder processes such as starvation or strangulation, which are unable to reproduce the observed radially truncated profiles.
Evaluation of Potency Spent Coffee Grounds for Make Black Compost
Authors: Afriliana Asmak , Hidayat Endar , Yoshiharu Mitoma , Taizo Masuda , Harada Hiroyuki
Published: January 2020

The aim for this research is to make black compost from spent coffee grounds (SCG). The content of hemicellulose and lignin from SCG were 37.28% and 22.45%. For mineral content, Potassium (3 g/kg) is the most abundant element in spent coffee ground, followed by calcium (1.23 g/kg), magnesium (1.11 g/kg), phosphorus (0.89 g/kg) and natrium (0.7 g/kg). SCG also contains Carbon and Nitrogen ratios 1:19.5 which approaches the C / N ratio of the soil 1: 20. Composting process in aerobic condition for 2 months using Fungi, Bacillus and Lactic Acid Bacteria activator, produce black compost with good characteristic for plant and soil, such as C/N ratio under 1:10 and pH around 6 to 9.
The Comparative Study of Youth-Related Agriculture Initiatives: Optimizing the Role of Indonesian Youth in Improving Food Security
Authors: Qurani I. Zahara , Rahmasary A. Noyara , Usman N. Fajri
Published: January 2020

In the near future, the food insecurity risk is escalating if the surging population is not followed by increasing youth farmers while arable land is on a declining trend. Only 4 per cent (less than 3.5 million) youth aged 15-35 work as a farmer in Indonesia since the current general perspective of working in agriculture sector seems unpromising for most youth. This worsens the state of food insecurity unless there is a breakthrough to ignite youth interest. While the proportion of youth population both in rural and urban Indonesia are relatively similar (23 per cent and 25 per cent respectively in 2018), different approaches might be needed. Fortunately, many initiatives have been commenced to appeal to more youth. These approaches allow youth to acquire agriculture skills, from enabling land access to exposing the sector to the digital world. Using the available information acquired from secondary data and interviews, this study aims to identify, compare, and define the most viable approach amongst the existing initiatives, including land access, crop insurance, and incentive for youth farmers in rural area; and mainstreaming digital platform such as peer-to-peer lending, local product promotion, and vertical farming to engage urban youth. Eventually, the recommendation from this study will optimize youth role in improving the state of food security
Widget-based Alarm Recognition and a Management Support Interface System in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Lee Seung Min , Park Hana , Jang Gwi Sook , Hwang Inkoo
Published: January 2020

As small modular reactors (SMRs) and various computerized operating support systems have been developed, visual display unit(VDU)-based multifunctional consoles have been proposed. The more a console depends on VDUs, the more human system interface (HSI) designers need to consider the decrease in the human performance caused by the effect of navigation tasks. This paper proposes a widget-based alarm recognition and management support interface system to increase the operator’s ability to recognize alarms and to manage alarm-related tasks by reducing additional and excessive navigation tasks. With a small display screen, the system provides operators with quick and accurate access to alarm-related information and allows them to make corrective responses.
Performance assessment of amplification and discrimination electronic devices for passive neutron measurements
Authors: Ben Mosbah M. , Eleon C. , Passard C. , Loridon J. , Perot B. , Barbot L. , Grassi G.
Published: January 2020

The knowledge of the fissile material mass is a key challenge to enhance radioactive waste management and to ensure a high level of safety in nuclear industry. Data is analyzed according to the principles of the neutron measurement techniques. As proportional counters filled with 3He gas display high neutron detection efficiency and a good gamma-ray discrimination, they are the reference detector for passive neutron coincidence counting. A charge preamplifier or a current amplifier, depending on applications, collects the electric pulse produced by neutron interaction in the 3He gas and a threshold discriminator produces a logic pulse used for neutron counting. This paper describes the performance assessment of different commercially available electronics from Mirion Technologies, Precision Data Technology (PDT), Mesytec, as well as MONACO electronics originally developed by CEA LIST for fission chamber measurements in experimental reactors. Comparative passive neutron measurements are carried out with these electronics at CEA/DEN Nuclear Measurement Laboratory in Cadarache. Overall, PDT and Mesytec electronics show similar detection efficiency as the ACH-NA98 charge amplifier, which is commonly used in our laboratory for such applications. However, MONACO electronics have a lower detection efficiency, similar to Mirion 7820 current amplifier used in specific high-count rate applications. An optimisation of MONACO settings would probably be necessary to adapt to 3He counters instead of fission chambers.
Development of a Coated-Micro-Particle Neutron Detector Based on LiF/ZnS Scintillator
Authors: Logoglu Faruk , Flaska Marek , Wolfe Douglas E.
Published: January 2020

6LiF:ZnS(Ag) micro-particle neutron detectors are a promising technology to further improve neutron detection capabilities for a variety of applications. Specifically, we have been investigating 6LiF micro-particles coated with ZnS(Ag) to increase the neutron detection efficiency, light production, and light collection efficiency when compared to the existing powder-based technology (EJ-426 from Eljen Technology). Extensive radiation and light transport simulations with single micro-particles have been performed to find the optimal 6LiF diameter and ZnS(Ag) coating thickness. Full-scale multi-particle simulations also have been performed to determine the optimal pitch (particle-to-particle distance) and detector thickness. Randomizations of 6LiF radius, ZnS(Ag) coating thickness, position of particles, as well as shape of particles and partial coating have been performed to account for possible manufacturing imperfections. EJ-426 sheets have been modeled for reference purposes by defining spherical grains of 6LiF and ZnS(Ag) and compared against experiments. The simulation results show that the coated micro-particles should dramatically increase the neutron detection efficiency, light production, and light collection efficiency when compared to the existing EJ-426 technology.
Local Versus Global Decisions in Bayesian Automatic Adaptive Quadrature
Authors: Adam Gheorghe , Adam Sanda
Published: January 2020

The paper reports new significant enhancement of the robustness and effectiveness of the Bayesian automatic adaptive quadrature over macroscopic integration ranges. The implementation of a classicalm-panel rule (CC-32, Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature of algebraic degree of precisionm= 32) is thought again. It involves new global and local decisions blocks which, on the one side, provide sharp diagnostics redirecting the advancement to the solution and, on the other side, take advantage of the progress in the available hardware to accelerate and to increase the accuracy of the computations. Where the decision power of CC-32 is exhausted, identification and precise characterization of the features of the integrand profile which prevent quick convergence are obtained by means of three-point Simpson rules spanned at triplets of successive CC-32 knots. This local complementary investigation tool provides scale insensitive diagnostics concerning the occurrence of integrand irregularities and prevents the activation of inappropriate decision blocks which would result in fake outputs.
BM@N Tracking with Novel Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Goncharov Pavel , Shchavelev Egor , Ososkov Gennady , Baranov Dmitriy
Published: January 2020

Three deep tracking methods are presented for the BM@N experiment GEM track detector, which differ in their concepts. The first is a two-stage method with data preprocessing by a directional search in the k-d tree to find all possible candidates for tracks, and then use a deep recurrent neural network to classify them by true and ghost tracks. The second end-to-end method used a deep recurrent neural network to extrapolate the initial tracks, similar to the Kalman filter, which learns necessary parameters from the data. The third method implements our new attempt to adapt the neural graph network approach developed in the HEP.TrkX project at CERN to GEM-specific data. The results of applying these three methods to simulated events are presented.
Deep Siamese Networks for Plant Disease Detection
Authors: Goncharov Pavel , Uzhinskiy Alexander , Ososkov Gennady , Nechaevskiy Andrey , Zudikhina Julia
Published: January 2020

Crop losses are a major threat to the wellbeing of rural families, to the economy and governments, and to food security worldwide. The goal of our research is to develop a multi-functional platform to help the farming community to tilt against plant diseases. In our previous works, we reported about the creation of a special database of healthy and diseased plants’ leaves consisting of five sets of grapes images and proposed a special
classification model based on a deep siamese network followed by k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier. Then we extended our database to five sets of images for grape, corn, and wheat – 611 images in total. Since after this extension the classification accuracy decreased to 86 %, we propose in this paper a novel architecture with a deep siamese network as feature extractor and a single-layer perceptron as a classifier that results in a significant gain of accuracy, up to 96 %.
Nested Intellectual Data Grouping and Clusterization for the Interactive Visual Explorer
Authors: Grigorieva Maria , Titov Mikhail , Galkin Timofei , Milman Igal
Published: January 2020

The Interactive Visual Explorer (InVEx) application is designed as a visual analytics tool for Big Data analysis. Visual analytics is an integral approach to data analysis, combining methods of intellectual data analysis with advanced interactive visualization. One of the main objectives of InVExis to process large data samples by decreasing their level of detail (LoD).The proposed approach includes clustering as well as flexible grouping by different parameters, providing the exploration of data from the lowest to the highest level of details. The results of grouping and clusterization arevisualized using interactive 3D scene and parallel coordinates, allowing the user to gain insight into data, to explore hidden correlations and trends of parameters.
Methodische Herausforderungen bei der Nutzung von Daten von mehr als
70 gesetzlichen Krankenkassen – Ein Werkstattbericht aus der
EVA64-Studie
Authors: March Stefanie , Zimmermann Linda , Kubat Denise , Neumann Anne , Schmitt Jochen , Baum Fabian , Schoffer Olaf , Arnold Katrin , Seifert Martin , Kliemt Roman , Häckl Dennis , Pfennig Andrea , Swart Enno
Published: January 2020

Ziel der Studie Die angemessene und bedarfsgerechte Betreuung psychisch
erkrankter Patienten stellt besondere Anforderungen an die psychiatrische
Versorgung. §64b SGB V eröffnet die Möglichkeit,
psychisch Erkrankte durch multiprofessionelle, behandlungsphasen- und
sektorenübergreifende Modellvorhaben zu betreuen und neue
Finanzierungsformen zu implementieren. Diese Modellprojekte werden seit 2015 in
einer prospektiven und retrospektiven sekundärdatenbasierten
kontrollierten Kohortenstudie (EVA64) evaluiert.

Methode Im September 2016, und seitdem jährlich, erfolgte
erstmalig die Datenbereitstellung aller an der Evaluation beteiligten
gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen (GKV) auf der Basis einer konsentierten
Datensatzbeschreibung. Für die spätere Analyse sind die
eindeutige Identifikation des Indexaufenthaltes und die Zuordnung zu Modell-
oder Kontrollgruppe von Bedeutung. Die methodischen Herausforderungen der
Datenbereitstellung durch die Dateneigner, das Einlesen, die formale und
inhaltliche Prüfung sowie die anschließende
Zusammenführung zu einem Auswertedatensatz werden ausführlich
diskutiert und Fallstricke aufgezeigt.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden bislang Daten von 71 Krankenkassen
berücksichtigt. In jeweils 20 Tabellen pro Kasse wurden Leistungsdaten
zur vertragsärztlichen, ambulanten und stationären Versorgung im
Krankenhaus (inkl. Psychiatrische Insti-tutsambulanzen [PIA]), Arznei- und
Heilmittelversorgung sowie Arbeitsunfähigkeit übermittelt. Nicht
alle Tabellen konnten von den Krankenkassen vollständig gefüllt
werden. Zudem bedingen neue inhaltliche Aspekte u. a. die Anpassung der
Datenselektion. Trotz mehrmaliger Datenlieferungen kann noch nicht von einem
Routinevorgehen gesprochen werden.

Schlussfolgerung Die kassenübergreifende Nutzung von
Abrechnungsdaten zahlreicher GKVen im Rahmen einer Evaluationsstudie stellt eine
große Herausforderung dar. Angesichts fehlender Richtwerte für
Auffälligkeiten und Implausibilitäten war eine a-priori
Festlegung von Prüfalgorithmen nur bedingt möglich; diese
müssen vielmehr im Projektverlauf fortlaufend aktualisiert werden. Die
resultierende individuelle Prüfung der Daten aller Krankenkassen
gestaltet sich dadurch sehr aufwändig. Die ausführliche
Dokumentation dieser Prüfprozesse und möglicher Fallstricke gibt
Hilfestellung für zukünftige vergleichbare Studien.
Bicyclic Lactams Derived from Serine or Cysteine and 2-Methylpropanal
Authors: Moloney Mark G. , Bagum Halima , Shire Bethany R. , Christensen Kirsten E. , Genov Miroslav , Pretsch Alexander , Pretsch Dagmar
Published: January 2020

Bicyclic lactams may be prepared from serine or cysteine and 2-methylpropanal; the resulting S,N-heterocycles are more stable than the corresponding O,N-heterocycles but both are synthetic intermediates capable of further elaboration.
Quantitative Sensory Changes Following Gasserian Ganglion Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation in Patients with Medical Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Prospective Consecutive Case Series
Authors: Huckhagel Torge , Bohlmann Lars , Westphal Manfred , Regelsberger Jan , Eichler Iris-Carola , Hamel Wolfgang
Published: January 2020

Background and Objective Microsurgical vascular nerve decompression and percutaneous ablative interventions aiming at the Gasserian ganglion are promising treatment modalities for patients with medical refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Apart from clinical reports on a variable manifestation of facial hypoesthesia, the long-term impact of trigeminal ganglion radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) on sensory characteristics has not yet been determined using quantitative methods.

Material and Methods We performed standardized quantitative sensory testing according to the established protocol of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain in a cohort of patients with classical (n = 5) and secondary (n = 11) TN before and after percutaneous Gasserian ganglion RFT (mean follow-up: 6 months). The test battery included thermal detection and thermal pain thresholds as well as mechanical detection and mechanical pain sensitivity measures. Clinical improvement was also assessed by means of renowned pain intensity and impairment questionnaires (Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, Pain Disability Index, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale), pain numeric rating scale, and anti-neuropathic medication reduction at follow-up.

Results All clinical parameters developed favorably following percutaneous thermocoagulation. Only mechanical and vibration detection thresholds of the affected side of the face were located below the reference frame of the norm population before and after the procedure. Statistically significant persistent changes in quantitative sensory variables caused by the intervention could not be detected in our patient sample.

Conclusion Our data suggest that TN patients improving considerably after RFT do not undergo substantial long-term alterations regarding quantitative sensory perception.
Malignant “Angioglioma”: Clinical, Radiologic, and Histopathologic Features
Authors: Linsenmann Thomas , Westermaier Thomas , Monoranu Camelia , Amaya Franco , Keßler Almuth , Ernestus Ralf Ingo , Löhr Mario , Stetter Christian
Published: January 2020

Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent malignant neoplasm in the adult brain. In contrast, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are presumably congenital lesions, usually presenting with hemorrhage. Hypervascular low-grade gliomas associated with AVMs were previously called “angioglioma.” An association of AVMs and GBM was also described.

Study Aims We discuss the data of the largest series of locally coincident GBM with AVM in a single institution so far. All analyses were explorative only.

Patients We report a series of four patients presenting at our department from 2006 to 2014. All patients underwent surgery. The cases were analyzed regarding initial presentation, clinical findings, tumor localization, and histopathologic results.

Conclusions A local coincidence of cerebral AVM and GBM is rare. Only a few reports can be found in the literature. The radiologic as well as the clinical presentations are individual. Proangiogenic factors are discussed as involved in the appearance of both entities in the same location. However, the presence of pathologic vessels within malignant gliomas is well known to all neurosurgeons and proangiogenic activity has been proven. Therefore, it seems possible that tumor activity itself contributes to the pathogenesis of a vascular malformation.
Vertebral Body Osteolysis 6 Years After Cervical Disk Arthroplasty
Authors: Harati Ali , Oni Paul , Oles Lucas , Reuter Thomas , Hamdan Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Cervical arthroplasty is an accepted and widely performed surgical intervention with usually favorable outcomes. We report a rare case of a 37-year-old woman who presented with vertebral body osteolysis, 6 years after two-level cervical arthroplasty (C5–C6 and C6–C7). The patient showed no initial complications, but at year 6 she presented with neck and radicular arm pain. Diagnostic imaging revealed osteolysis of the vertebral body C6. The patient subsequently underwent removal of the two prostheses and C6 corpectomy, followed by bridging C5 to C7 and anterior fixation. During surgery, the mantle of the prostheses appeared broken, with the core expulsed anteriorly and embedded in granulomatous scar tissue. Pathologic evaluation of the samples showed partially proliferating fibroblasts, giant cell reaction, and textile particles. Postoperatively, clinical symptoms resolved with no residual deficits. Additional research should be performed to assess the long-term complications of this procedure that should be included in the patient informed consent materials.
Safety of Prophylactic Heparin in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Xi , Li Jihui , Xu Lan , Deng Shengming , Wang Zhi
Published: January 2020

Objectives Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) have a nearly fourfold greater risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than those with acute ischemic stroke, and VTE after sICH is associated with high risk for in-hospital mortality. The benefit from prophylactic heparin for VTE remains uncertain because its safety is not documented. In this study, we used an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the safety of heparin for the prevention of VTE in patients with sICH.

Methods Electronic databases Medline and Embase from January 1990 to November 2017 and the Cochrane Library were searched using these keywords: intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, heparin, heparinoids, low-molecular-weight heparin, anticoagulants, prophylactic, low dose, prevention, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, randomized controlled trial, controlled clinical trial, and outcome. We evaluated the quality of included studies according to the bias risk in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions v.5.1.0. All statistical analyses were performed with RevMan v.5 software (Cochrane Collaboration, London, United Kingdom). Tests of heterogeneity were conducted with the Mantel-Haenszel method.

Results Nine studies involving 4,055 patients with sICH met the inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis. Of these studies, only one met all specific criteria and had a low probability of bias, whereas eight studies met only some of the criteria and had a moderate probability of bias. In comparison with non-heparin treatments, low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin was associated with a nonsignificant increase in any hematoma enlargement, a nonsignificant reduction in extracranial hemorrhage, a nonsignificant increase in mortality, a nonsignificant increase in the number of modified Rankin Scale scores of 3 to 5, and a nonsignificant increase in numbers of Glasgow Outcome Scale scores of 2 to 3.

Conclusion Prophylactic heparin was associated with a nonsignificant increase in any hematoma enlargement and mortality, a nonsignificant reduction in extracranial hemorrhage, and a nonsignificant increase in the incidence of major disability in patients with sICH. It is probably safe to administer heparin to prevent VTE in patients with sICH.
Foetal type posterior cerebral artery -a case report
Authors: Bala Manju , Kaushal Subhash , Passi Dinesh Kumar
Published: January 2020

Posterior cerebral artery (PCA),terminal branch of basilar artery join the posterior communicating artery to complete the circle of Willis. The morphological variations of posterior segment of the circle of Willis are much of importance in the diagnosis & treatment of different cerebrovascular diseases.In a series of anatomical dissections of the cerebral arterial territory in 30 cadaveric brain specimens,an important variation of the precommunicating segment of the posterior cerebral artery Pl was found. In this variation, an embryonic derivation of the posterior cerebral artery from the internal carotid artery (ICA) known as foetal type posterior cerebral artery was seen. This type of variation may lead to the appearance and severity of syndromes of vascular insufficiency in adults.
Molecular mechanism in a rare autosomal recessive case of xeroderma pigmentosum - a case report
Authors: Ramanathan Vijaya , Ramanathan Anand
Published: January 2020

Chromosomal instability syndromes are a special group of disorders of cytogenetic interest which comprises of several rare, autosomal recessive conditions. Following exposure to sunlight, excessive chromosomal instability, breakage, defective nucleotide excision repair in DNA, defective apoptosis and increased susceptibility to neoplasia occurs. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterised by the presence of chromosomal breakages, associated with increased frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. This is a case report of a 6 year old, male child having XP with dermal and ocular manifestations. Chromosomal breaks in chromosomal spread are seen. If it occurs in families, consanguinous marriages should be avoided; appropriate genetic counselling suggested and simple sun guarding techniques with appropriate protection from UV exposure can reduce the morbidity in these patients.
Autoimmune Vestibulocerebellar Syndromes
Authors: Narayan Ram N. , McKeon Andrew , Fife Terry D.
Published: January 2020

Autoimmune disorders affecting the vestibular end organs, vestibular pathways, vestibular nuclei, and vestibulocerebellum are often underrecognized as a cause of chronic dizziness and ataxia. Autoantibodies specific for cell-surface, synaptic, and intracellular neural antigens serve as biomarkers of these disorders. This article describes the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis of autoimmune disorders, in which the vestibulocerebellar syndrome is the main or presenting clinical presentation. Antibodies specific for intracellular antigenic targets described in the article are PCA-1 (Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1, also known as anti-Yo), ANNA-1 (antinuclear neuronal antibody type 1, also known as anti-Hu), ANNA-2 (antinuclear neuronal antibody type 2, also known as anti-Ri), Ma1/2 (anti-Kelch-like 11/12 antibody), Kelch-like 11, amphiphysin, CV2 (collapsin response 2, also known as collapsin response mediator protein-5 [CRMP5]), VGCC (voltage-gated calcium channel), GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-kDa isoform), AP3B2 (adaptor protein 3B2, also known as anti-Nb), MAP1B (microtubule-associated protein 1B antibody, also known as anti-PCA-2), and neurochondrin antibodies. Antibodies targeting cell-surface or synaptic antigenic targets described in the article include DNER (delta/notchlike epidermal growth factor related receptor; antigen to anti-Tr), CASPR2 (contactin-associated proteinlike 2), septin-5, Homer-3, and mGluR1 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 1). The vestibulocerebellar presentation is largely indistinguishable among these conditions and is characterized by subacute onset of cerebellar symptoms over weeks to months. The diagnosis of autoimmune vestibulocerebellar syndromes is based on a combination of clinical and serological features, with a limited role for neuroimaging. Subtle eye movement abnormalities can be an early feature in many of these disorders, and therefore a meticulous vestibulo-ocular examination is essential for early and correct identification. Cancer occurrence and its type are variable and depend on the autoantibody detected and other cancer risk factors. Treatment comprises immunotherapy and cancer-directed therapy. Acute immunotherapies such as intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and steroids are used in the initial phase, and the use of long-term immunosuppression such as rituximab may be necessary in relapsing cases. Outcomes are better if immunotherapy is started early. The neurologic prognosis depends on multiple factors.
Strong solutions to the Cauchy problem of two-dimensional compressible non-isothermal nematic liquid crystal flows with vacuum and zero heat conduction
Authors: Zhong Xin
Published: January 2020

We study the Cauchy problem of nonisothermal compressible nematic liquid crystal flows involving zero heat conduction on the whole two-dimensional (2D) space with vacuum at infinity. For the initial density allowing vacuum states, we prove that there exists a local strong solution, provided that the initial data density and the gradient of orientation decay not too slowly at infinity. Our method relies on delicate weighted energy estimates and a Hardy-type inequality.
Absence of evidence of spin transport through amorphous Y3Fe5O12
Authors: Gomez-Perez Juan M. , Oyanagi Koichi , Yahiro Reimei , Ramos Rafael , Hueso Luis E. , Saitoh Eiji , Casanova Fèlix
Published: January 2020

Long-distance transport of spin information in insulators without long-range magnetic order has been recently reported. Here, we perform a complete characterization of amorphous Y3Fe5O12 (a-YIG) films grown on top of SiO2. We confirm a clear amorphous structure and paramagnetic behavior of our a-YIG films, with semiconducting behavior resistivity that strongly decays with increasing temperature. The non-local transport measurements show a signal that is not compatible with spin transport and can be attributed to the drop of the a-YIG resistivity caused by Joule heating. Our results emphasize that exploring spin transport in amorphous materials requires careful procedures in order to exclude the charge contribution from the spin transport signals.
Bubble-free injection of liquid metal for the direct microfabrication of leaf-inspired 3D-topological conduit-networks and a flexible serpentine circuit with superior electrical resistance to aging
Authors: Zhang Yukai , Sun Jiaqi , Wang Qingran , Chen Shiheng , Yao Lishuang , Rao Wei , Cai Jinguang , Wu Wenming
Published: January 2020

Flexible circuit boards are widely used in smart consumer electronic devices. In this paper, a novel methodology, which is different from the traditional etching and screen printing methods that generally rely on screen printed conductive ink as a conductor to form the required circuit in a dielectric film, has been reported. Liquid metal was directly injected into biocompatible polymer microchips, based on the air-diffusion mechanism, in order to prevent the circuit board from being directly exposed to the outside environment. The liquid metal circuit board that was produced had good thermal conductivity because the thermal conductivity of gallium is about 60 times that of water and 1000 times higher than that of air. In addition, the liquid metal circuit board has good ductility and repeatability, which is required to meet the extreme deformation that is experienced in most electrical applications. The proposed method has the ability to fabricate irregular circuit boards and complex patterns with channel-lengths as high as 4 m or channel-widths as small as 30 μm. This method can not only solve the problem of the traditional circuit boards being difficult to modify and repair, but it can also effectively protect the circuit and realize high fidelity of the circuit.
Periodic bouncing modes for two uniformly magnetized spheres. II. Scaling
Authors: Edwards Boyd F. , Johnson Bo A. , Edwards John M.
Published: January 2020

A uniformly magnetized sphere moves without friction in a plane in response to the field of a second, identical, fixed sphere and makes elastic hard-sphere collisions with this sphere. Numerical simulations of the threshold energies and periods of periodic finite-amplitude nonlinear bouncing modes agree with small-amplitude closed-form mathematical results, which are used to identify scaling parameters that govern the entire amplitude range, including power-law scaling at large amplitudes. Scaling parameters are combinations of the bouncing number, the rocking number, the phase, and numerical factors. Discontinuities in the scaling functions are found when viewing the threshold energy and period as separate functions of the scaling parameters, for which large-amplitude scaling exponents are obtained from fits to the data. These discontinuities disappear when the threshold energy is viewed as a function of the threshold period, for which the large-amplitude scaling exponent is obtained analytically and for which scaling applies to both in-phase and out-of-phase modes.
Thermal transport across nanoscale damage profile in sapphire irradiated by swift heavy ions
Authors: Abdullaev A. , Chauhan V. S. , Muminov B. , O’Connell J. , Skuratov V. A. , Khafizov M. , Utegulov Z. N.
Published: January 2020

We studied the degradation of thermal conductivity in single crystal sapphire (α-Al2O3) irradiated by 167 MeV Xe swift heavy ions (SHIs) over the multiple fluences in the range of 1012–1014 ions/cm2. Thermal conductivity was measured primarily in the cross-plane direction using a noncontact ultrafast optical pump-probe technique called picosecond time domain thermoreflectance (TDTR). Multiple samples with variable ion fluences allowed us to probe distinct regions resulting from different regimes of microstructure evolution caused by electronic energy loss. By tuning the penetration depth of the thermal waves using different modulation frequencies, two regions with distinct conductivities were identified and the values of which were found to be consistent with phonon-mediated thermal transport models while the microstructure was confirmed by electron microscopy characterization. These damaged regions were determined to be a several micrometer thick ion track region and several tens of nanometer-thick amorphous layer present only above 5.0 × 1013 ions/cm2. These results demonstrate the applicability of TDTR to resolve thermal transport behavior in SHI irradiated oxides having nonhomogeneous damage profile on a nanometer scale. The presented approach facilitates future studies aiming at resolving the impact of distinct damage resulting from electronic and nuclear stopping regimes under irradiation.
Stabilization of coupled Dzyaloshinskii domain walls in fully compensated synthetic anti-ferromagnets
Authors: Pandey Nisrit , Li Maxwell , De Graef Marc , Sokalski Vincent
Published: January 2020

We examine the combined effects of interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) and the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) on the structure of magnetic domain walls in fully compensated synthetic anti-ferromagnets (SAFs). Ir-based SAFs with ferromagnetic (FM) layers based on [Pt/(Co/Ni)M]N were characterized by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM). The multi-layer design of the individual ferromagnetic layers enables control of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (via ‘M’) and, in turn, the structure and chirality of domain walls (DWs). We compare the Fresnel-mode LTEM images in SAF designs with only a change in the purported strength of the DMI. The existence of anti-ferromagnetically coupled Dzyaloshinskii domain walls (DWs) in a high DMI SAF is confirmed through application of in-situ perpendicular magnetic field and sample tilt. This conclusion is based on a unique set of conditions required to observe contrast in Fresnel-mode LTEM, which we outline in this document.