bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Training of Teachers at the Turn of the 20th–21st Centuries
Authors: Nesterova A.A.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the need for continued development of the sphere of environmental and pedagogical education as one of the conditions for organizing environmental education of compatriots at the present stage. The purpose of the study is to identify achievements and shortcomings in the field of environmental training of teachers in the 1990–2000s, i. e. from the first post-perestroika years until the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standards of General Education, which determined the current logic of the development of the environmental education sphere in Russia.
Problems of Development of Students’ Coherent Speech in the Context of Digitalization of Education
Authors: Jakubenko O.V. , Frolova P.I. , Raisova A.T. , Telepova M.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of the authors’ own research studying the risks of implementing distance education technologies. It is revealed that one of the possible problems is the insufficient development of students’ coherent speech in the context of the use of digital educational technologies. To solve the problem, the authors developed and implemented a programme of pedagogical support for the development of coherent speech in extracurricular activities.
Philosophical Comprehension of National Mentality as a Cultural Phenomenon
Authors: Kovalev A.A.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the chosen topic is due, firstly, to the theoretical and methodological uncertainty and ambiguity of the categories “mentality” and “culture”; secondly, by new challenges of modernity and unpredictable and rapidly changing conditions of existence. Modern intercultural and intercivilizational interaction acquires a confrontational character and prevents the establishment of dialogue. The aim of the study is to consider the national mentality and its relationship with culture from the point of view of a philosophical approach. The interaction of mentality and culture is realised through language, traditions, customs, art, social relations. The author concludes that the maintenance of such qualities in the national mentality as stability and at the same time adaptability, in the context of the contradictory processes of globalisation and regionalization, will develop a respectful attitude of nations to each other and preserve their uniqueness.
Discursive Dominant “Import Substitution” in Modern Russian Language Media Space
Authors: Nikitina E.A.
Published: April 2024

The article examines “Import substitution” as one of the leading discursive dominants of modern Russian media. Its productivity is confirmed by the frequency and morphological activity of the appellative, as well as the specificity of functioning in advertising, information and entertainment discourses.
Website of Omsk State Pedagogical University as an Evaluative Hypergenre
Authors: Nikitina L.B.
Published: April 2024

Based on the basic concepts of the theory of speech genres and theoretical positions in the field of functional semantics of evaluation, genre forms typical of the hypergenre “Omsk State Pedagogical University Website” are analysed: news, reports, interviews. The positive-evaluative tonality of the hypergenre as a whole and its constituent speech genres is revealed. The predominance of indirect forms of expressing a positive assessment of the university through the use of various sub-genre speech formations is noted. The linguistic means of forming evaluative meanings are determined.
Investigating the Gendered Behaviours Displayed by Influential Disney, Marvel and Star Wars Protagonists and Examining the Link Between Children’s Engagement with these Franchises and their Play Behaviour.
Authors:   , Clarke Lucy
Published: April 2024

This thesis reports a programme of research that explored the gendered messages within influential Disney feature length animations, a Star Wars animated television series, and a Marvel animated television series. It also examined extent to which engagement with these franchises statistically predicted children’s gendered behaviour and weapon play. The first study of this thesis was a quantitative content analysis of thirty-nine Disney protagonists. The results showed that some of the ‘earliest’ female Disney protagonists were the most feminine analysed, although almost all were more feminine than masculine. The male Disney protagonists seemed to adhere to less stereotypes, and were, generally, more feminine than masculine overall. Study two investigated how gender was portrayed in Marvel’s Avengers Assemble and Star Wars Star Wars Rebels animated television series, utilising Thematic Analysis. This was important as the Walt Disney Corporation recently acquired these franchises. The results revealed that stereotypical masculinity was portrayed by the male protagonists within each series, however, the female protagonists in Star Wars Rebels seemed more genuinely valued than the female superhero in Marvel’s Avengers Assemble. The third study of this thesis utilised parent report methodology to investigate whether engagement with the Disney, Marvel and Star Wars franchises statistically predicted children’s level of gendered behaviour and weapon play, as well as whether parental mediation and exposure to television violence moderated any established relationships. The results indicted that although each franchise did predict gender stereotypical behaviour and weapon play, there were some unexpected gender differences in the relationships. It was concluded that the producers of Disney, Star Wars and Marvel media should be made aware of the relationship between the gendered messages within their content and children’s behaviour. Additionally, parents and children should be educated on this topic, with the aim to reduce the relationships that were found. Chapter seven summarises the results of each study and considers the implications of the current findings.
Celebrity Chefs and the Social Construction of Taste in Contemporary British Society
Authors:   , Lengyel Ariane
Published: April 2024

This thesis examines how celebrity chefs have become an integral part of contemporary British culture through television and the media, serving as arbiters of taste and cultural intermediaries. As a figure of contemporary culture, celebrity chefs reflect shifting attitudes toward cooking, eating, ethics, consumption, class, and culinary capital. Three paradigms were used to examine the construction of taste. Based on an anthropological and structuralist perspective, the first theory proposes that taste is culturally shaped and socially controlled. A second approach asserts that taste is influenced by external factors and political and economic changes. Finally, a post-modern approach, places the individual at the centre of the construction of taste. Using a case study approach, the study developed a template initially based on the review of literature which was then overlaid with the additional themes that emerged from the scrutiny of chosen television shows and cookbooks of four celebrity chefs: Jamie Oliver, Gordon Ramsay, Mary Berry and Nigella Lawson. The themes that emerged are: paradigms of the construction of taste, class, capital, habitus, food as identity, lifestyle, chefs and the media, gender roles and persona, education, civic and moral discourse, foodporn, authenticity, legitimacy and expertise, professionalism, ethnicity and culture. The key findings of the study found that the interpretation of the texts showed that the influence of the chefs can be understood as key factor in understanding the social construct of taste in modern British society. This study has shown that both the books and the television shows contain recursive themes that enable the chefs to act as cultural intermediaries by influencing beliefs about food, taste, class, and gender. It is these messages that in turn shape the tastes of their audiences. This thesis has added to the existing body of knowledge by explicitly positioning the celebrity chefs as co-producers of taste and cultural identity. Potential research directions could include interrogations on audience reception and identity, empowerment and accessibility, authenticity and cultural appropriation as well as values and attitudes. The research can assist practitioners in harnessing the popularity and appeal of the chefs. Restaurants should strike a balance between providing premium experiences and ensuring affordability in order to appeal to a wider audience. They can also use the influence of the chefs in marketing and development of new products and services. To prevent unauthorised appropriation of recipes, practitioners must emphasise the importance of context and sensitivity.
PDF CHAT_BOT USING GENERATIVE AI (LLMS&RAG)
Authors: P Deekshita  , K Neeharika  , Haritha M Sai , Mohan P Jagan , Y Sri Bindu
Published: April 2024

This paper delves into the increasing craziness of planting chatbots and artificially intelligent systems (AI) in academia and disquisition. Chatbots are employed even more frequently to deliver adapted backing, attack enterprises, and develop fascinating spaces for knowledge. Chatbots empower directors to hone education while delivering actual-time support for pupils with assignments and examinations and issue explanations by outsourcing executive tasks. The creation of a PDF chatbot using Large Language Models (LLMs) in generative AI is one example of such an application. This project uses prompt-based querying, tokenization, and a vector-based component to store PDF inputs. The chatbot uses LLMs to build embedded prompts and pull text snippets from a knowledge base to respond to user inquiries. Chatbots' accessibility and flexibility enhance pupil involvement and expedite learning objectives.
Asperosaponin VI Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation in High Glucose-Regulated Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Authors: Feng Chong , Fu Wenqi , Liu Yanyan , Fan Lili , Gao Linlin , Zhang Nan
Published: April 2024

Periodontitis is a type of chronic inflammation of the periodontal supporting tissues. Alveolar bone renewal is influenced by the periodontal ligament stem cells. Promoting their osteogenic differentiation is one of the ways to treat diabetes-related periodontitis. Asperosaponin VI, a compound with anti-osteoporosis and anti-inflammatory effects, has been studied in this context. However, its potential effects on periodontitis progression were still unclear. In our study, asperosaponin VI promoted the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells induced by high glucose, reduced their apoptosis, and contributed to their osteogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, asperosaponin VI activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway, and suppression of this pathway reversed the effect of asperosaponin VI on the stem cells. Therefore, we propose that asperosaponin VI could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for periodontitis.
The influence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
(ME/CFS) family history on patients with ME/CFS
Authors: Jason Leonard A. , Ngonmedje Sarah
Published: April 2024

Aim: It is unclear if individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic
Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) with family histories of ME/CFS differ from those
with ME/CFS without this family history. To explore this issue, quantitative
data from patients with ME/CFS and controls were collected, and we examined
those with and without family histories of ME/CFS. Methods: The samples
included 400 patients with ME/CFS, and a non-ME/CFS chronic illness control
group of 241 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 173 with post-polio
syndrome (PPS). Results: Confirming findings from prior studies, those with
ME/CFS were more likely to have family members with ME/CFS than controls. We
found family histories of ME/CFS were significantly higher (18%) among the
ME/CFS group than the non-ME/CFS controls (3.9%). In addition, patients with
ME/CFS who had family histories of ME/CFS were more likely to have
gastrointestinal symptoms than those with ME/CFS without those family
histories. Conclusions: Given the recent reports of gastrointestinal
difficulties among those with ME/CFS, our findings might represent one
predisposing factor for the emergence of ME/CFS.
Liver biopsy in the post-hepatitis C virus era in Japan
Authors: Ikura Yoshihiro , Okubo Takako , Sakai Yasuhiro
Published: April 2024

In Japan, liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging, the necessity for biopsies has significantly decreased. This change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease, causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy diagnoses. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in Japan. First, it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing prevalence. Second, it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions, because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for biopsy. Third, the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these drugs. In conclusion, pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.
Current status of liver transplantation for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in mainland China
Authors: Tang Jian-Xin , Zhao Dong
Published: April 2024

According to the report from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection exceeded 1.2 million individuals by the year 2022, with an annual increase of about 80000 cases. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among individuals co-infected with HIV reached 13.7%, almost twice the rate of the general population in China. In addition to the well-documented susceptibility to opportunistic infections and new malignancies, HIV infected patients frequently experience liver-related organ damage, with the liver and kidneys being the most commonly affected. This often leads to the development of end-stage liver and kidney diseases. Therefore, organ transplantation has emerged as an important part of active treatment for HIV infected patients. However, the curative effect is not satisfactory. HIV infection has been considered a contraindication for organ transplantation. Until the emergence of highly active anti-retroviral therapy in 1996, the once intractable replication of retrovirus was effectively inhibited. With prolonged survival, the failure of important organs has become the main cause of death among HIV patients. Therefore, transplant centers worldwide have resumed exploration of organ transplantation for HIV-infected individuals and reached a positive conclusion. This study provides an overview of the current landscape of HIV-positive patients receiving liver transplantation (LT) in mainland China. To date, our transplant center has conducted LT for eight end-stage liver disease patients co-infected with HIV, and all but one, who died two months postoperatively due to sepsis and progressive multi-organ failure, have survived. Comparative analysis with hepatitis B virus-infected patients during the same period revealed no statistically significant differences in acute rejection reactions, cytomegalovirus infection, bacteremia, pulmonary infections, acute kidney injury, new-onset cancers, or vascular and biliary complications.
Necroptosis contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathoetiology with promising diagnostic and therapeutic functions
Authors: Sun Hong-Ju , Jiao Bo , Wang Yan , Zhang Yue-Hua , Chen Ge , Wang Zi-Xuan , Zhao Hong , Xie Qing , Song Xiao-Hua
Published: April 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease. However, the disease is underappreciated as a remarkable chronic disorder as there are rare managing strategies. Several studies have focused on determining NAFLD-caused hepatocyte death to elucidate the disease pathoetiology and suggest functional therapeutic and diagnostic options. Pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis are the main subtypes of non-apoptotic regulated cell deaths (RCDs), each of which represents particular characteristics. Considering the complexity of the findings, the present study aimed to review these types of RCDs and their contribution to NAFLD progression, and subsequently discuss in detail the role of necroptosis in the pathoetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. The study revealed that necroptosis is involved in the occurrence of NAFLD and its progression towards steatohepatitis and cancer, hence it has potential in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary.
Outcomes of endoscopic sclerotherapy for jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy (with video): Three case reports
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Peng , Wang Li-Mei , Guo Jing , Zhong Ning
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Hemorrhage associated with varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy is an unusual, difficult to treat, and often fatal manifestation of portal hypertension. So far, no treatment guidelines have been established.

CASE SUMMARY

We reported three patients with jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy managed by endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate injection at our institution between June 2021 and August 2023. We reviewed all patient records, clinical presentation, endoscopic findings and treatment, outcomes and follow-up. Three patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with a Whipple anastomosis were examined using conventional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for suspected hemorrhage from the afferent jejunal loop. Varices with stigmata of recent hemorrhage or active hemorrhage were observed around the choledochojejunostomy site in all three patients. Endoscopic injection of lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate was carried out at jejunal varices for all three patients. The bleeding ceased and patency was observed for 26 and 2 months in two patients. In one patient with multiorgan failure and internal environment disturbance, rebleeding occurred 1 month after endoscopic sclerotherapy, and despite a second endoscopic sclerotherapy, repeated episodes of bleeding and multiorgan failure resulted in eventual death.

CONCLUSION

We conclude that endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate injection can be an easy, effective, safe and low-cost treatment option for jejunal varicose bleeding at the site of choledochojejunostomy.
cultura de precedentes e o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho
Authors: Corrêa da Veiga Aloysio , Zucatti Pritsch César
Published: April 2024

Este ensaio examina a possibilidade de o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho cumprir sua missão nomofilática nacional em meio ao caos numérico a que é submetido, sua posição em relação às demais cortes de vértice, como o Supremo Tribunal Federal e o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, bem assim o impacto do recurso extraordinário no sistema de precedentes trabalhista. Em tal contexto, busca um diagnóstico para os desafios da Justiça do Trabalho, para a racionalização de seu sistema recursal, a cogitar de possíveis medidas para uma maior adesão às técnicas de formação de precedentes qualificados pelo Tribunal Superior do Trabalho.
Productividad y salario
Authors: Gauthier Gustavo
Published: April 2024

I.- Introducción. II.- Problemas que plantea el concepto de productividad. 1.- Concepto abstracto y polisémico. 2.- Niveles de análisis posibles. 3.- Algunas distinciones. III.- Concepto de productividad. IV.- Productividad del trabajo. V.- Productividad del trabajo y salarios. VI.- Conclusiones.
ancha avenida de regresividad de derechos
Authors: Arese Cesar
Published: April 2024

Mediante un Decreto de Necesidad y Urgencia Nro. 70 de 2023 se impulsó una Reforma Laboral en Argentina. El Poder Ejecutivo lo remitió al Congreso Nacional para su ratificación aunque afirmando su aplicación práctica. Sin embargo, la Justicia Nacional del Trabajo suspendió provisoriamente su vigencia efectiva hasta tanto se resuelva sobre su constitucionalidad. La reforma involucra más de una decena de leyes y adopta una dirección regresiva respecto de derechos laborales reconocidos de larga data. Se modifican reglas sustanciales en materia individual como en las relaciones colectivas.
Nivel de Conocimiento sobre el Manejo de los Residuos Peligrosos Biológico-Infecciosos (RPBI) de Estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero
Authors: Pastor Durán Ma. del Pilar , Pastor Durán Rosalía , Reyes de Jesús Luisa , Ornelas Martínez Ma. del Refugio , Muñoz Alday César Daniel
Published: April 2024

La generación de Residuos Peligrosos Biológico-infecciosos (RPBI), constituyen un gran problema por su impacto en la salud del ser humano. Las prácticas profesionales durante el proceso de formación de los estudiantes de enfermería denotan una gran importancia, ya que es donde ellos construyen y reconstruyen los conocimientos adquiridos en el contexto áulico al reforzar así las medidas de seguridad en cada procedimiento realizado en el ámbito hospitalario y de esta manera evitar accidentes con los (RPBI). El objetivo del presente estudio se enfocó en la evaluación del Nivel de Conocimientos sobre el Manejo de los Residuos Peligrosos Biológico-Infecciosos (RPBI) de los Estudiantes de Octavo Semestre de la Escuela Superior de Enfermería No. 3 de Ometepec, Guerrero, de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. El estudio fue de tipo cuanti-cualitativo con enfoque descriptivo transversal observacional, es una investigación no experimental y de campo; recolecta información mediante instrumentos como la encuesta. La población estuvo conformada por 100 estudiantes de octavo semestre de Licenciatura de la Escuela Superior de Enfermería No. 3 de turno matutino y vespertino. Los principales resultados muestran que el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes encuestados está en un 79% entre nivel Regular y nivel Bueno.
Autoevaluación de Competencias Laborales al Personal de Producción en una Empresa Manufacturera
Authors: Fuentes Hernández Erika Judith , Reyes Gallegos María Magdalena , Reyes Gallegos María Magdalena , López García Ricardo Daniel , Coronado Reyes Héctor , Núñez Guzmán José Roberto , Garduño Miranda David Iván
Published: April 2024

En la actualidad a nivel mundial las organizaciones requieren que sus trabajadores sean altamente competitivos, eficaces y productivos, y que además utilicen sus habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes para enfrentar los constantes retos de los mercados cambiantes. En este sentido, el desarrollo de competencias laborales de los trabajadores en una compañía se vuelve sumamente importante y vital para enfrentar cualquier desafío que pueda impactar en la productividad, el desarrollo económico, y que, además, represente un mejor posicionamiento de la empresa en los mercados. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es realizar una autoevaluación de las competencias laborales en el personal de producción del área de manufactura de una empresa dedicada a la fabricación de persianas, con la finalidad de conocer la situación actual de los empleados y contribuir posteriormente en el mejoramiento de la gestión del personal en la toma de decisiones en los diferentes procesos de producción. Para lo anterior, se llevó a cabo un estudio del tipo cuantitativo-descriptivo, la población fue de 250 personas, y la muestra estudiada de 152, la encuesta Likert fue utilizada como la principal herramienta en el estudio. Los resultados indican que la competencia mejor evaluada fue la capacidad de aprendizaje la cual representó un 87%, mientras que la competencia con más bajo porcentaje fue la capacidad de decisión con un 82%. Después del estudio, aunque el personal se percibe de una forma competente en todas sus áreas; algunos trabajadores deben reforzar sus competencias y ser entrenados de manera continua hasta alcanzar su madurez.
El Acondicionamiento de las Capacidades Físicas, Fuerza, Resistencia, Velocidad y Flexibilidad, Orientado a la Salud en los Docentes de Educación Física en el Ecuador
Authors: Guaillas García Juan Carlos , Berrú Torres Cosme Patricio , Narváez Galván Edwin Fabián , Cueva Jiménez Olger Vinicio , Ochoa Granda Edwin Geovanny , Cajilima Vega Víctor Alexander
Published: April 2024

La formación básica en cultura física es una de las claves del conocimiento de las habilidades deportivas por parte del profesorado de educación física y tiene un doble significado. Por un lado, es importante entender qué se necesita para mejorar cada capacidad física y cuáles son las contraindicaciones para esfuerzos de una determinada edad, madurez y nivel de desarrollo. Por otro lado, un experto en deportes debe saber identificar aspectos de las condiciones que interfieren en las diversas actividades que ofrece, independientemente de su naturaleza. Incluye no sólo la adquisición de conocimientos específicos sobre las condiciones de la motricidad, sino también la colocación en el contexto actual y el tratamiento metódico según el enfoque pedagógico en el nivel de la escuela primaria. En esta etapa, la salud se propuso como un referente importante para comprender los procedimientos del entrenamiento físico. El objetivo principal de este informe es determinar El acondicionamiento de la capacidades físicas, fuerza, resistencia, velocidad y flexibilidad, orientado a la salud en los docentes de educación física en el Ecuador
Análisis de la Gestión y Administración de la Empresa Comercial Marc Sol Ubicado en el Litoral de Ecuador
Authors: Cabrera Moreira Joel , Tenelema Jiménez Inés Elizabeth , Plua Panta Karina Alexandra , Banchón Casquete Ana Jenny
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación se la realizó en la Empresa Comercial “Marc Sol”, ubicada en Quevedo - Provincia de los Ríos perteneciente al Litoral del Ecuador (THE). Se tuvo como propósito analizar y describir los puestos de trabajo de la Empresa Comercial “Sociedad Civil Marc Sol y Cía. Se efectúo mediante la identificación del análisis y descripción de los puestos de trabajo de los recursos humanos administrativos, contables, de ventas y logística de la Empresa Comercial “Marc Sol. Se utilizó la investigación descriptiva que consistió en una caracterización detallada de los puestos de trabajo, por lo que se necesitó la ayuda de la gerente general de la empresa comercial “Sociedad Civil Marc Sol y Cía., para proporcionar dicha información. Además, se identificaron las deficiencias de la gestión de los recursos humanos, los cuales ayudaron a la descripción de conclusiones para mejorar el clima laboral, la gestión y los objetivos empresariales. También se recopiló la reseña histórica de la empresa, estructura organizativa y puestos de trabajo. Para lograr cumplir dicho propósito, se efectuaron dos tipos de entrevistas a partir de la población finita. El problema principal es la carencia de una estructura organizativa como herramienta importante para la adecuada gestión de los recursos humanos. La gestión de recursos humanos es un conjunto de procedimientos que se realiza en las empresas con el fin de analizar cada fase en las que se desarrollan las actividades. A través del procedimiento como la investigación descriptiva se fundamentó la indagación; y los instrumentos utilizados para el conocimiento de la información fueron la entrevista aplicada a la gerente general y asistente administrativo, y el cuestionario de descripción de puestos efectuado al recurso humano de administración, de ventas y logística; permitieron evidenciar que no existe una adecuada gestión del talento humano dentro de las áreas de la compañía, la misma que influye de manera negativa en el óptimo desempeño de las funciones y por ende en los objetivos empresariales.
Promoción y Publicidad: Impacto en la Adquisición de Medicamentos por Parte de los Usuarios en Farmacias: Un Análisis de Revisión
Authors: Ventura Hernández Eva María , Castro Guzmán Enrique Alonso , Purizaca Curo Roxana Marisel , Santillan Cotos Efrain , Zuñiga Espinoza Jennyfer Geraldine
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio examina el impacto de la publicidad y la promoción en la adquisición de medicamentos, especialmente en el contexto del cambio generacional y la introducción de estrategias de marketing en el sector farmacéutico. Numerosas empresas han adoptado estas prácticas tradicionales para atraer clientes. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es determinar la influencia de la mercadotecnia farmacéutica en el comportamiento de compra de los usuarios, con objetivos específicos que incluyen la identificación del uso adecuado de medicamentos por parte de los usuarios y la evaluación de su toma de decisiones después de comprender la influencia de la mercadotecnia farmacéutica. Para lograr estos objetivos, se realizará una exhaustiva revisión de artículos científicos, revistas especializadas, tesis de investigación, y literatura relevante. La justificación teórica de este estudio radica en la necesidad de comprender el comportamiento tanto de los usuarios como de las industrias farmacéuticas que emplean estas estrategias de marketing. Se espera proporcionar datos eficaces y información relevante, respaldados por la investigación científica, para mejorar la comprensión de aquellos que carecen de conocimientos previos sobre el tema al momento de adquirir medicamentos.
Abordaje del Teratoma Quístico en el Embarazo
Authors: Sanmartín Ceballos Pedro Rafael , Padilla Martínez Erlinda del Carmen , Cortés Benavides Néstor Andrés , Peñaranda Castilla John Hamer , Hernández Pérez Andrea Cristina , Ordosgoitia Betín Melisa Eugenia , Soto Lara Karina Mercedes
Published: April 2024

Los teratomas quísticos son las neoplasias o tumores de células germinales más comunes. Su clasificación se basa en las características anatomopatológicas por lo que se clasifica en teratoma inmaduro y teratoma maduro. En nuestra revisión bibliográfica nos basamos en el teratoma quístico inmaduro caracterizado por estar compuesto por tejidos maduros derivados de una o más capas germinales. La incidencia de masas anexiales es aproximadamente 1 de cada 600 embarazos, siendo malignas hasta en un 5% de estas. Aunque en su mayoría son asintomáticos,  pueden presentar diversos sintomas como dolor abdominal, hemorragia uterina anormal o concomitante  o aumento del volumen abdominal. Su tratamiento se basa principalmente en la parte quirúrgica. Por ello, decidimos realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos en inglés y español con el uso de diferentes descriptores dando como resultados diferentes reportes de casos que evidencian el abordaje del teratoma quístico durante el embarazo.
Neuropatías Periféricas Secundarias a los Bloqueos Anestésicos: Artículo de Revisión
Authors: Martínez Peredo Martín , Sanmartín Ceballos Pedro Rafael , Beltrán Lugo Mario Andrés , Sandoval Flórez Julieth Tatiana , Rivas García Valentina , Vargas Cortés María Carolina , Mejía Serrano Natalia , Mondragón Zamora Silvia Angelica
Published: April 2024

Las neuropatías son enfermedades del sistema nervioso periférico que pueden afectar a un solo nervio o a varios.Su prevalencia en la población general está estimada en un 2% a 3%  y va aumentando  progresivamente con la edad.  Clínicamente puede presentar un curso agudo o crónico y los síntomas suelen incluir déficit motor, sensitivo, síntomas disautonómicos o formas mixtas dependiendo de la fibra afectada. Son muchas las causas que pueden provocar una neuropatía periférica, incluso, en las últimas décadas ha tomado mucha relevancia las neuropatías producto de procedimientos quirúrgicos donde se ha descrito que esta es secundaria a los bloqueos anestésicos o la anestesia epidural. De hecho, Autores afirman que esto se debe a la capacidad de provocar lesión neurológica por la técnica aplicada donde los pacientes que son sometidos a tales procedimientos desarrollan parestesia, dolor, caída de la extremidad, paresia e hipoestesia, y limitación de la movilidad intervenida entre otras. Sin embargo, cabe resaltar que no siempre la causa es el tipo de bloqueo anestésico sino la forma de aplicación de la inyección. El objetivo del presente artículo es hacer una revisión de la literatura en el reconocimiento de las neuropatías periféricas secundarias a bloqueos anestésicos.
Overview of Distribution System Reliability Optimization Against Lightning
Authors: Jia-Wen Tang  , Chin-Leong Wooi  , Wen-Shan Tan
Published: April 2024

The reliability of the distribution system relies on the occurrence of lightning phenomena, which can significantly affect the distribution of electricity and result in power service disruptions. Therefore, ensuring the reliability of the distribution system is an ongoing challenge that necessitates continuous research for optimal solutions. Researchers have always developed solutions that are always up to date by leveraging advancements in mathematics, engineering technology, and management strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive summary and discussion of various optimization models for enhancing system reliability. It offers an overview of commonly employed mathematical programming techniques and algorithms for Lightning Protection Systems (LPSs), while also highlighting the influence of lightning phenomena on these solutions. The focus of this paper is to present the engineering aspects behind the development of modern LPSs. It encompasses historical reliability data, technical limitations, and economic considerations. By utilizing operations research and optimization theory, researchers have been able to devise more effective approaches for addressing reliability issues, even in highly intricate systems across different domains. Technological advancements have prompted researchers to adopt a new perspective on solving reliability problems, based on practical engineering requirements. In conclusion, the continuous progress in mathematics, engineering technology, and management approaches has enabled researchers to tackle the challenges associated with distribution system reliability. This paper serves as a valuable resource, providing insights into the development of modern LPSs and offering guidance on optimizing system reliability in various practical engineering scenarios.
BSLT and DPPH Methods to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Archidendron Pauciflorum Skin to Artemia Salina and the Antioxidant Potential as an Early Exploration of Anti-Cancer Drugs
Authors: Alfin Surya  , Aqilah Awg Abdul Rahman  , Zaiyar  , Hest Marliza
Published: April 2024

Archidendron pauciflorum skin is a dense waste that pollutes the environment and can be a problem if not properly cleaned. According to previous research, Archidendron pauciflorum skin has a very high potential because it contains flavonoid components and polyphenols with anti-cancer and antibacterial properties. To evaluate the toxicity activity with the BSLT Method and the antioxidant DPPH Method, the scalp is cut into small pieces, dried in the oven at 60 °C, and then macerated for 24 hours in a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate solvents as well as hexane to produce polar, semipolar, and non-polar chemicals. The fibre from each solvent is collected, and the rotary evaporator is used to evaporate it until a thick extract is produced. According to the final findings of the study, the LC50 value (μg/mL) for each solvent is: the methanol value is 111 ppm, while ethyl acetate is 192 ppm. While for the test of antioxidant activity, significant results were obtained on the methanol solvent with an IC50 value of 51.13 μg/mL The conclusion of this study is that the 24-hour maceration period is the most efficient solvent for toxicity to Artemia salina and antioxidants to continue further research in the search for anti-cancer drugs.
Microwave- and Oven-Heat Moisture Treatment of Broken Rice Flour and the Improvement in Flat Rice Noodle Quality
Authors: Nor Afizah Mustapha  , Lai Yan Tang  , Wan Zunairah Wan Ibadullah  , Radhiah Shukri  , Nor Hayati Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

The characteristics of starch used in the production of rice noodles greatly influenced the product quality. Some rice noodle varieties are made from rice flour, which is typically derived from broken rice grains. Broken rice flour has been associated with a higher level of starch damage that could adversely affect the cooking, textural, and eating qualities of noodles. Hydrothermal treatments have been proposed as a technique for improving starch functionality. This study aims to investigate the effect of different techniques employed in heat moisture treatment (HMT) applied to broken rice (MR263) and their impact on flat rice noodle quality. Rice flour adjusted to 20% moisture content was subjected to two HMT techniques; oven-heat moisture treatment (O-HMT) at 110°C for 3 h and microwave-heat moisture treatment (M-HMT) at 119 W for 5 min. HMT reduced the swelling capacity and solubility of the flour. M-HMT flour had the lowest swelling capacity, whereas O-HMT flour exhibited the lowest solubility. The oven-HMT reduced the L* and whiteness index values of both rice flour and noodles, whereas the microwave-HMT recorded comparable color parameters as the non-treated samples. HMT improved the cooking quality of flat rice noodles, resulting in lower water absorption and cooking loss. Noodles made with oven-treated flour had the lowest cooking loss, whereas the microwave-treated flour resulted in noodles with the lowest water absorption. O-HMT produces noodles with greater improvement in gel texture. Despite the reduced whiteness of the O-HMT noodle, it received higher consumer acceptance in terms of appearance, color, flavor, and hardness. Heat moisture treatment can be used as an economical viable technique for enhancing the quality of flat rice noodles. The varying noodle quality resulting from both oven- and microwave-HMT is attributed to a distinct degree of molecular changes in the starch components, which eventually impact the overall product quality.
Cybersecurity Knowledge Deterioration and the role of Gamification Intervention
Authors: Faith Fatokun  , Zalizah Awang  , Suraya Hamid  , Johnson O. Fatokun  , Azah Norman
Published: April 2024

Cybersecurity is becoming an overly critical issue in contemporary times. Cyberspace safety is declining, and this covers all categories of persons, businesses, institutions, and even the government. Deterioration in cybersecurity knowledge and awareness has led people to become easy prey/victims of cybercrime. The more novel security systems are being developed, the higher the cyberattacks as hackers, scammers, and cybercriminals are innovative in their techniques to attack cyber-users. It is therefore paramount to investigate the stance of cybersecurity knowledge among the general IT (Information Technology) users, especially in the 21st century. This paper designed a cybersecurity quiz based on adaptations from literature and past cybersecurity quizzes and conducted investigations to test the knowledge of random cyber-users via the cybersecurity quiz. Results from investigations are quite surprising and instructive, thus serving as a propelling motivation to develop a cybersecurity game. Among the 10-questionnaire cybersecurity quiz, it was discovered that most cyber-users lack knowledge about network security. Also, the question on social engineering was not well performed by the respondents. Thus, it is important for upcoming innovations to take into consideration the aspects of network security, social engineering when designing cybersecurity gamification approaches. Gamification has been used as teaching aids for diverse learning fields, however the use of games in cybersecurity is still understudied. Thus, the result of this quiz is intended to be used to further boost the development of a cybersecurity game, which can be age centric, thus developing cybersecurity games that will be suitable for specific user groups. Interestingly, though females were not regular game players, however they were highly interested in playing a cybersecurity game, as majority of cyber-users (males inclusive), believed that a cybersecurity knowledge gamification approach can help enhance their cybersecurity knowledge and awareness. Conclusively, it is obvious that both the young and old still lack basic cybersecurity knowledge, thereby making them easy prey for cyberattacks. Gamification if applied properly into cybersecurity, could be an interactive learning platform that is both enjoyable, produces a high spirit of learning as well as help serve as a strong awareness tool that can boost cybersecurity user’s knowledge.
PEDAGOGI DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN DIRI PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI OLAHRAGA
Authors: Lestari Fitri Alia , Kurniawan Shatria , Putri Vilka Adidtya Rahayu
Published: April 2024

Olahraga adalah suatu hal yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia, karena olahraga bukan hanya mengenai aktivitas fisik, tetapi juga psikis dan mental seseorang. Salah satu cara untuk membentuk karakter sebuah bangsa yaitu dengan cara mengembangkan sportivitas masyarakat melalui olahraga. Oleh karenanya, dalam meningkatkan aktivitas olahraga dibutuhkan partisipasi dari beberapa pihak agar kita mampu mendorong sebuah individu untuk menghadapi tantangan dalam meraih keberhasilan. Maka dari itu, tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk meninjau, melihat dan memperluas cakrawala para pembaca mengenai peran pedagogi dalam pengembangan diri peserta didik melalui olahraga sebagai salah satu institusi yang ikut serta dalam pengembangan pendidikan luar sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode pustaka. Pada artikel ini juga akan dibahas mengenai peran dan hubungan pedagogi dalam pengembangan diri peserta didik melalui olahraga. Penulis mengangkat topik ini karena ingin mengetahui apa saja kaitan antara pedagogi dengan pengembangan diri peserta didik dalam olahraga dengan cara mengumpulkan berbagai referensi melalui kumpulan jurnal, buku dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukannya penguatan pedagogi dalam aktivitas olahraga yang dapat dilaksanakan melalui pembelajaran di lingkungan sekolah.
THE ATTEMPTS TO IMPROVE BEGINNING READING SKILLS USING AUDIO-VISUAL FLASHCARD MEDIA AT PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rosida Nurul Diana , Ritonga Rudi
Published: April 2024

In the beginning reading skilss primary school specifically of first grade student still has a role in supporting the growth and development of students’ potential, including improving their reading skills, to achieve those objectives). The purpose of this research was to (1) describe beginning reading skills and (2) determine the effectiveness of audio-visual flashcard learning media in improving beginning reading skills. This study’s approach employed quantitative research with classroom action research. The data were analyzed quantitatively using the Kemmis and Taggart models, which were implemented in two cycles consisting of (1) planning, (2) implementing actions, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The data was collected using observation, testing, and documentation techniques. The study’s findings indicated that using audio-visual flashcards could improve the beginning reading skills of first-grade students. This represents 59% of the 32 students. The study's findings indicated that using audio-visual flashcards could improve the reading skills of first-grade students. it was demonstrated that 84.4% or 27 students completed their courses, compared to the previous 19 students, or 59% of 32 students.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TANGGA PINTAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK SISWA SD
Authors: Binta Salsabila , Ritonga Rudi
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena siswa SD kurangnya memahami materi satuan berat pada pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang valid dan efektif.  Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Borg and Gall, yaitu 1) Potensi dan Masalah, 2) Pengumpulan Data, 3) Desain Produk, 4) Validasi Desain, 5) Revisi Produk, 6) Uji Produk, 7) Revisi Produk, 8) Uji Pemakaian, 9) Revisi Produk. Media pembeajaran tangga pintar materi satuan berat mendapatkan nilai dari ahli desain 85% ahli materi 88% ahli pelaksana pembelajaran 92% dengan katagori sangat valid atau layak digunakan pada saat pembelajaran. Penggunaan media pembelajaran tangga pintar materi satuan berat terbukti memenuhi kevalidan dan efektif untuk digunakan pada proses pembelajaran di SD. Hasil uji kelayakan produk oleh skala besar yaitu mendapatkan presentase 91,03% dan uji efektifitas produk mendapatkan 62,70%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut media pembelajaran tangga pintar materi satuan berat dianggap layak dan efektik digunakan saat kegiatan pembelajaran.
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN KHAS KOTAK PERTANYAAN: STUDI PADA SD EKSPERIMENTAL MANGUNAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wahyuni Maria Eni , Prasetya Andreas Erwin , Murtini Sri
Published: April 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan di SD Eksperimental Mangunan Yogyakarta. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan dilaksanakan di SD Eksperimental Mangunan Yogyakarta pada Maret sampai Mei 2023.  Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yakni  fasilitator kelas, orang tua dan peserta didik kelas satu SD Eksperimental Mangunan Yogyakarta. Sedangkan objek dalam penelitian ini yakni analisis pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan di SD Eksperimental Mangunan Yogyakarta. Keabsahan data diperiksa menggunakan triangulasi. Dalam menganalisis data menggunakan analisis secara kualitatif Miles & Huberman yakni mengumpulkan suatu data, reduksi suatu data, menyajikan suatu data dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil atau kesimpulannya yakni pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan di SD Eksperimental Mangunan Yogyakarta telah menumbuhkan 2 sikap yakni:

1) Mengembangkan daya eksplorasi dan 2)Kemerdekaan.

Tujuan dari pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan yakni untuk mengembangkan daya eksploratif, yang terwujud dalam perilaku aktif atau memiliki inisiatif untuk bertanya, tertarik pada hal-hal yang baru, dan berani mengambil resiko untuk memperoleh pemahaman baru. Kemampuan seseorang untuk memperoleh pemahaman melalui pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan, sangat bermanfaat untuk pemekaran dirinya dan bagi sesama. Selain itu, melalui pembelajaran khas kotak pertanyaan, peserta didik mengalami kemerdekaan yang terwujud dalam kemerdekaan untuk mengungkapkan pendapatnya sehingga menghantar mereka menjadi manusia utuh yang sangat berguna dalam kehidupan nyata.