bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vectorisation of agrochemicals via amino acid carriers: influence of the spacer arm structure on the phloem mobility of phenylpyrrole conjugates in the Ricinus system
Authors: Marhadour Sophie , Wu Hanxiang , Yang Wen , Marivingt‐Mounir Cécile , Bonnemain Jean‐Louis , Chollet Jean‐François
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND

Excessive agrochemical use poses significant threats to environmental safety and human health. Reducing pesticide use without reducing yield is necessary for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, we developed a vectorisation strategy to enhance agrochemical delivery through plant amino acid carriers.

RESULTS

In addition to a fenpiclonil conjugate recently described, three new amino acid conjugates were synthesised by coupling fenpiclonil to an l‐α‐amino acid. Phloem mobility of these conjugates, which exhibit different structures of the spacer arm introduced between fenpiclonil and the α‐amino acid function, was studied using the Ricinus model. Conjugate L‐14, which contains a triazole ring with the shortest amino acid chain, showed the best phloem systemicity among the four conjugates. By contrast, removing the triazole ring in the spacer arm did not improve systemicity. L‐14 exhibited phloem systemicity at all reported pH values (pH values from 5.0 to 6.5) of the foliar apoplast, while acidic derivatives of fenpiclonil were translocated only at pH values near 5.0.

CONCLUSION

The conjugates were recognised by a pH‐dependent transporter system and translocated at distance in the phloem. They exhibited a broader phloem systemicity than fenpiclonil acidic derivatives within the pH value range of the foliar apoplast. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Animal‐cell culture media: History, characteristics, and current issues
Authors: Yao Tatsuma , Asayama Yuta
Published: March 2017

Background

Cell culture technology has spread prolifically within a century, a variety of culture media has been designed. This review goes through the history, characteristics and current issues of animal‐cell culture media.

Methods

A literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar between 1880 and May 2016 using appropriate keywords.

Results

At the dawn of cell culture technology, the major components of media were naturally derived products such as serum. The field then gradually shifted to the use of chemical‐based synthetic media because naturally derived ingredients have their disadvantages such as large batch‐to‐batch variation. Today, industrially important cells can be cultured in synthetic media. Nevertheless, the combinations and concentrations of the components in these media remain to be optimized. In addition, serum‐containing media are still in general use in the field of basic research. In the fields of assisted reproductive technologies and regenerative medicine, some of the medium components are naturally derived in nearly all instances.

Conclusions

Further improvements of culture media are desirable, which will certainly contribute to a reduction in the experimental variation, enhance productivity among biopharmaceuticals, improve treatment outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies, and facilitate implementation and popularization of regenerative medicine.
Foreshadowing as Impression Management: Illuminating the Path for Security Analysts
Authors: Busenbark John R. , Lange Donald , Certo S. Trevis
Published: March 2017

Research summary: Managers can disclose information to security analysts as a form of impression management, but doing so is problematic because competitors can use that same information at the expense of the firm. We identify an impression management technique we call foreshadowing, which refers to hinting about future potential strategic activity. Foreshadowing provides information of value to analysts that can influence their evaluations of a firm, but not so much information as to put the firm at a competitive disadvantage. We hypothesize and find that managers who foreshadow acquisition announcements receive fewer analyst downgrades following the announcements, especially when there is more analyst uncertainty about the firm. We also hypothesize and find that analysts' responses to foreshadowing positively influence the likelihood that managers eventually acquire other firms.

Managerial summary: Security analysts are often suspicious when firms announce acquisitions as those announcements are cumbersome to analyze on short notice and raise questions about managerial motivations that might not represent the best interests of the firm. We find that managers can improve analyst reactions to acquisition announcements by disclosing some information of value to analysts—specifically by hinting that an acquisition could occur in the future. We refer to such hints as foreshadowing. Foreshadowing entails giving analysts information to reduce their suspicions and facilitate their analyses, but not so much information as to degrade the firm's competitive information advantage over other firms. Foreshadowing also allows managers the option to reconsider actually executing the acquisition if analysts respond negatively to its possibility. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy to Compare Natural versus Artificial Antibody–Antigen Interaction
Authors: Wang Congzhou , Hu Rong , Morrissey Jeremiah J. , Kharasch Evan D. , Singamaneni Srikanth
Published: March 2017

Biorecognition is central to various biological processes and finds numerous applications in virtually all areas of chemistry, biology, and medicine. Artificial antibodies, produced by imprinting synthetic polymers, are designed to mimic the biological recognition capability of natural antibodies, while exhibiting superior thermal, chemical, and environmental stability compared to their natural counterparts. The binding affinity of the artificial antibodies to their antigens characterizes the biorecognition ability of these synthetic nanoconstructs and their ability to replace natural recognition elements. However, a quantitative study of the binding affinity of an artificial antibody to an antigen, especially at the molecular level, is still lacking. In this study, using atomic force microscopy‐based force spectroscopy, the authors show that the binding affinity of an artificial antibody to an antigen (hemoglobin) is weaker than that of natural antibody. The fine difference in the molecular interactions manifests into a significant difference in the bioanalytical parameters of biosensors based on these recognition elements.
Towards a multi‐element silicon drift detector system for fluorescence spectroscopy in the soft X‐ray regime
Authors: Bufon Jernej , Gianoncelli Alessandra , Ahangarianabhari Mahdi , Altissimo Matteo , Bellutti Pierluigi , Bertuccio Giuseppe , Borghes Roberto , Carrato Sergio , Cautero Giuseppe , Cicuttin Andres , Crespo Maria Liz , Fabiani Sergio , Gandola Massimo , Giacomini Gabriele , Giuressi Dario , Kourousias George , Menk Ralf Hendrik , Picciotto Antonino , Piemonte Claudio , Rachevski Alexandre , Rashevskaya Irina , Schillani Stefano , Stolfa Andrea , Vacchi Andrea , Zampa Gianluigi , Zampa Nicola , Zorzi Nicola
Published: March 2017

In spite of the constant technological improvements in the field of detector development, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) in the soft X‐ray regime remains a challenge. The low intrinsic fluorescence yield for energies below 2 keV indeed renders the applicability of low‐energy XRF still difficult.

Here, we report on a new multi‐element multi‐tile detection system currently under development, designed to be integrated into a soft X‐ray microscopy end station. The system will be installed at the TwinMic beamline of Elettra synchrotron (Trieste, Italy) in order to increase the detected count rate by up to an order of magnitude. The new architecture is very versatile and can be adapted to any XRF experimental setup.

Even though the first results of the previous version of such a multi‐element system were encouraging, several issues still needed to be addressed. The system described here represents a further step in the detector evolution. It is based on four trapezoidal‐shaped monolithic silicon drift detector tiles (matrices) with six hexagonal elements each equipped with a custom ultra‐low noise application‐specific integrated circuit readout. The whole signal processing chain has been improved leading to an overall increase in performances, namely, in terms of energy resolution and acquisition rates.

The design and development of this new detection system will be described, and recent results obtained at the TwinMic beamline at Elettra will be presented. Future perspectives and improvements will also be discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Refining the boundaries of the classical de Sitter landscape
Authors: Andriot David , Blåbäck Johan
Published: March 2017

Abstract

We derive highly constraining no-go theorems for classical de Sitter backgrounds of string theory, with parallel sources; this should impact the embedding of cosmological models. We study ten-dimensional vacua of type II supergravities with parallel and backreacted orientifold O
p
-planes and D
p
-branes, on four-dimensional de Sitter spacetime times a compact manifold. Vacua for p = 3, 7 or 8 are completely excluded, and we obtain tight constraints for p = 4, 5, 6. This is achieved through the derivation of an enlightening expression for the four-dimensional Ricci scalar. Further interesting expressions and no-go theorems are obtained. The paper is self-contained so technical aspects, including conventions, might be of more general interest.
Efficacy and safety of golimumab 52-week maintenance therapy in Japanese patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis: a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study-(PURSUIT-J study)
Authors: Hibi Toshifumi , Imai Yuya , Senoo Asako , Ohta Kentaro , Ukyo Yoshifumi
Published: March 2017

Background

The global phase 3 studies of golimumab [PURSUIT-SC and PURSUIT-maintenance (M)], an anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNFα) antibody, have demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety as induction and maintenance therapies in patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of golimumab as maintenance therapy in the Japanese population.

Methods

In this phase 3, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled, parallel group, randomized withdrawal study, 144 Japanese patients with moderately to severely active UC received golimumab doses of 200 mg (at week 0) and 100 mg (at week 2) subcutaneously during the 6-week open-label induction phase. Patients who responded to golimumab induction therapy entered the DB maintenance (M) phase and were randomized (1:1) to receive 100 mg of golimumab subcutaneous injection (SC) or placebo every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was clinical response through M-week 54; secondary endpoints included clinical remission and mucosal healing at M-week 30 and 54.

Results

Among induction responders, more patients on golimumab treatment (56.3%) maintained clinical response through M-week 54 versus the placebo group (19.4%). At both M-week 30 and 54, 50% golimumab-treated patients achieved clinical remission versus the placebo group (6.5%) and a higher proportion of patients on golimumab (59.4%) experienced mucosal healing than the placebo group (16.1%). Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was 96.9% in the golimumab group and 71% in the placebo group. Overall, the efficacy and safety results in this study were comparable with those observed in global studies.

Conclusions

Golimumab SC treatment maintained clinical efficacy through week 54 among induction responders, and no new safety signals were observed in the patients with moderate to severely active UC.

Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01863771.
The use of periodic matrices to model the population dynamics of the long‐lived semelparous Furcraea parmentieri (Asparagaceae) in a temperate forest in central Mexico
Authors: Hernández‐Pedrero Román , Valverde Teresa
Published: March 2017

Furcraea parmentieri (Roezl ex Ortgies) García‐Mend. is a long‐lived, semelparous threatened species with a restricted geographic distribution. We studied the demography of this species in southwest of Mexico City using periodic matrices. We followed the fate of 404 individuals (in 2006–2007) and performed seed germination and seedling establishment experiments in the field (in 2007–2008) to estimate survival, growth and reproduction probabilities of individuals in eight size categories, according to plant height. Population structure was characterized by a high number of saplings, as well as medium and large plants. We built three annual matrices that described the demography in different phases of the population cycle: regular years (RG) characterized by low fecundity and low adult mortality; mast‐seeding years (MS) with low seedling emergence and high adult mortality (related to semelparity); and post mast‐seeding years (PS) with a high emergence of seedlings and bulbils. Periodic matrices were built simulating three scenarios, which consisted of mast‐seeding events occurring every 5, 10, or 15 years. Finite population growth rates (λ) were 1.03 (RG year), 0.99 (MS year), and 1.25 (PS year). The long term population growth rate values projected over a 90 year period (estimated on an annual basis) were higher as the frequency of mast‐seeding events increased. We estimated that individuals reproduce at an age of 60–90 years and that most new recruits originate via sexual reproduction. Although the population has a potential for growth, its persistence may be threatened due to land use change.
Influence of weather and phenotypic characteristics on pregnancy rates of female roe deer in central Italy
Authors: Lombardini Marco , Varuzza Paolo , Meriggi Alberto
Published: March 2017

In many ungulates, female fecundity is influenced by weather, population density and body condition. Based on a six‐year survey of the reproductive tracts of adult female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) harvested in the province of Pisa (Tuscany, central Italy), we evaluated the influence of weather, population density and individual characteristics on pregnancy rates. Eighty‐five percent of females were pregnant, with a median litter size of two (range one—three). We found that pregnancy rate was positively correlated with summer rainfall and body mass of females, whereas early‐winter conditions, spring rainfall, the age of females and density‐dependent factors did not appear to influence pregnancy rate. These results reflect the particular seasonal variation in the abundance and quality of resources in Mediterranean habitats and show that heavier females (high‐quality mothers) are more productive than lighter females.
Longitudinal relationships of sleep and inhibitory control deficits to early adolescent cigarette and alcohol use
Authors: Warren Christopher M. , Riggs Nathaniel R. , Pentz Mary Ann
Published: March 2017

Research in older adolescents suggests insufficient sleep may increase substance use initiation risk. This study tested whether sleep duration and dysregulation of sleep‐wake patterns in late‐elementary school youth were prospectively associated with cigarette and alcohol use initiation and how sleep‐related changes in inhibitory control mediate these relationships. Average sleep duration at 4th grade predicted 6th grade cigarette but not alcohol use, however indirect effects were identified through 5th grade inhibitory control to both cigarette and alcohol use. Indirect effects were also identified through inhibitory control for relationships between 4th grade weekend bed‐time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use, and for relationships between 4th grade weekend wake‐time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use. Reductions in nightly sleep increased risk of cigarette use. Findings suggest a pathway linking both reduced sleep duration and greater weekend shifting of sleep patterns to future substance use through sleep‐related inhibitory control deficits.
Clinical Issues‐April 2017
Authors: Wood Amber
Published: March 2017

This Month

Patient involvement in hand hygiene

Key words: patient engagement, hand hygiene, hand washing stations, hand hygiene promotion.

Alcohol‐based surgical hand rubs in the OR

Key words: hand hygiene, hand rub, dispenser.

Personal hand hygiene dispensers

Key words: hand hygiene, hand rub, hand rub dispenser, personal dispenser.

Hand soap

Key words: soap, hand hygiene, hand wash, plain soap, triclosan.

Disposal of water used for plaster application in scrub sinks

Key words: plaster, pour, sink, scrub sink.

Multiple hand hygiene indications

Key words: hand hygiene, hand wash, hand rub.
Aspects of Incompleteness
Authors: Lindström Per
Published: March 2017

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. In this volume, the tenth publication in the Lecture Notes in Logic series, Per Lindström presents some of the main topics and results in general metamathematics. In addition to standard results of Gödel et al. on incompleteness, (non-)finite axiomatizability, and interpretability, this book contains a thorough treatment of partial conservativity and degrees of interpretability. It comes complete with exercises, and will be useful as a textbook for graduate students with a background in logic, as well as a valuable resource for researchers.
Model Theory of Fields
Authors: Marker David , Messmer Margit , Pillay Anand
Published: March 2017

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. In this volume, the fifth publication in the Lecture Notes in Logic series, the authors give an insightful introduction to the fascinating subject of the model theory of fields, concentrating on its connections to stability theory. In the first two chapters David Marker gives an overview of the model theory of algebraically closed, real closed and differential fields. In the third chapter Anand Pillay gives a proof that there are 2א non-isomorphic countable differential closed fields. Finally, Margit Messmer gives a survey of the model theory of separably closed fields of characteristic p > 0.
Higher Recursion Theory
Authors: Sacks Gerald E.
Published: March 2017

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. This volume, the second publication in the Perspectives in Logic series, is an almost self-contained introduction to higher recursion theory, in which the reader is only assumed to know the basics of classical recursion theory. The book is divided into four parts: hyperarithmetic sets, metarecursion, α-recursion, and E-recursion. This text is essential reading for all researchers in the field.
Computability in Analysis and Physics
Authors: Pour-El Marian B. , Richards J. Ian
Published: March 2017

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. In this volume, the first publication in the Perspectives in Logic series, Pour-El and Richards present the first graduate-level treatment of computable analysis within the tradition of classical mathematical reasoning. The book focuses on the computability or noncomputability of standard processes in analysis and physics. Topics include classical analysis, Hilbert and Banach spaces, bounded and unbounded linear operators, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and equations of mathematical physics. The work is self-contained, and although it is intended primarily for logicians and analysts, it should also be of interest to researchers and graduate students in physics and computer science.
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN PUEBLOAN RITUAL PRACTICE: 3,800 YEARS OF SHRINE USE IN THE NORTH AMERICAN SOUTHWEST
Authors: Geib Phil R. , Heitman Carrie C. , Fields Ronald C.D.
Published: March 2017

Radiocarbon dates on artifacts from a Puebloan shrine in New Mexico reveal a persistence in ritual practice for some 3,800 years. The dates indicate that the shrine had become an important location for ceremonial observances related to warfare by almost 2000 cal. B.C., coinciding with the time when food production was first practiced in the Southwest. The shrine exhibits continuity of ritual behavior, something that Puebloans may find unsurprising, but also changes in the artifacts deposited that indicate new technology, transformations of belief, and perhaps shifting cultural boundaries. After briefly describing this shrine, we discuss some of the artifacts that were deposited there, in particular atlatl darts and flat curved sticks with longitudinal facial grooves. We argue that both were used in ritual fights and then deposited in the shrine as offerings, establishing a behavioral tradition that set the precedent for ethnographic recognition of the site as an important war shrine. Atlatl darts are analogous with prayer sticks, the latter representing a derived form of this offering with arrows as an intermediary form. Flat curved sticks were used for defense against atlatl darts in duels that enhanced warrior status.
Reid on the Autonomy of Ethics: From Active Power to Moral Nonnaturalism
Authors: CUNEO TERENCE , HARP RANDALL
Published: March 2017

Thomas Reid has the unusual distinction of arriving at a metaethical position very much like G. E. Moore's via a route very similar to that employed by the Kantians. That is, Reid embraces a version of nonnaturalist moral realism by appeal not to open question-style considerations but to a particular account of agency. In this essay, we reconstruct Reid's agency-centered argument for his constitutivist version of moral nonnaturalism, highlighting its commitments. Having presented Reid's argument, we close by considering a prominent contemporary Kantian view, namely, Christine Korsgaard's, and identifying where, despite their common commitments, Reid and Korsgaard part company. The comparison, we suggest, is instructive because it allows us to see more clearly why the link between agency-centered approaches to ethical theorizing and nonrealist, constitutivist views of morality, such as Korsgaard's, is deeply contingent.
A Study of the use of Section 106a of the Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998 in the New South\Wales Children's Court
Authors: Ainsworth Frank , Hansen Patricia
Published: March 2017

This study examines the use of section 106A of the Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998 in the New South Wales in Children's Court. Section 106A was inserted into the Act by way of an amendment in November 2006. This amendment establishes that if a child has previously been removed from parental care and not restored to the parents, then that is prima facie evidence that any subsequent child born to these parents is in need of care and protection and can be subject to removal. The parents must then rebut this evidence if they are to recover or retain custody of the new born child. To date, no data exists about the use of this section of the Act, hence this study. The only significant finding was that if section 106A was cited in Court documents, then restoration of a child to family is less likely. The analysis did not show any significant relationship between Aboriginality and any of the other variables in the study.
Helicobacter pylorias an oncogenic pathogen, revisited
Authors: Miftahussurur Muhammad , Yamaoka Yoshio , Graham David Y.
Published: March 2017

Gastric cancer is an inflammation-associated malignancy aetiologically related to infection with the bacterium,Helicobacter pylori, which is considered a necessary but insufficient cause. Unless treated,H. pyloricauses life-long acute and chronic gastric inflammation resulting in progressive gastric mucosal damage that may result in gastric cancer. The rate of progression from superficial gastritis, to an atrophic metaplastic mucosa, and ultimately to cancer relates to the virulence of the infectingH. pylorias well as host and environmental factors.H. pylorivirulence is a reflection of its propensity to cause severe gastric inflammation. Both mucosal inflammation andH. pylorican cause host genomic instability, including dysregulation of DNA mismatch repair, stimulation of expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, abnormal DNA methylation and dysregulation of  micro RNAs, which may result in an accumulation of mutations and loss of normal regulation of cell growth. The difference in cancer risk between the most and least virulentH. pyloristrain is only approximately 2-fold. Overall, none of the putative virulence factors identified to date have proved to be disease-specific. The presence, severity, extent and duration of inflammation appear to be the most important factors and current evidence suggests that any host, environmental or bacterial factor that reliably enhances the inflammatory response to theH. pyloriinfection increases the risk of gastric cancer.
Pattern of impairments and late diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder among a sub-Saharan African clinical population of children in Nigeria
Authors: Bello-Mojeed M. A. , Omigbodun O. O. , Bakare M. O. , Adewuya A. O.
Published: March 2017

Background.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Studies conducted among Africans living outside the continent indicate that African children are more likely than Caucasian children to have a late diagnosis of ASD. There is a dearth of information on this topic among children with ASD living in Africa.

Methods.

To determine the pattern of impairments and age at diagnosis in ASD, sixty Nigerian children with a diagnosis of ASD were recruited from a neurodevelopmental clinic. DSM-V criteria were used to make a diagnosis of ASD, while a symptom checklist for ASD was used to determine the pattern of impairments in ASD.

Results.

Ages of the children ranged from 2 to 17 years with a mean age of 9.45 ± 4.33 years with the majority of them (75%) being 12 years or younger. All the children (100%) with ASD exhibited poor eye contact, difficulty in mixing with other children and inability to consistently respond to his/her name. More than a half of them (55%) lack verbal communication. Impairments that were uncommon are in the areas of object attachment (20.0%), odd postures (26.7%) and inappropriate facial expression (30.0%). Mean age at the observation of ASD features was 17.0 ± 6.7 months. Mean age at diagnosis of ASD was 9.00 ± 4.30 years. The mean time lag from a parental concern of ASD features to seeking specialist care was 85 months and to diagnosis was 91 months.

Conclusions.

Core symptoms/impairments of ASD are present in Nigerian children but a late diagnosis is common.
The Banana and Peanut Archive of Ghana
Authors: Ntewusu Samuel Aniegye
Published: March 2017

This paper discusses an emerging problem in Ghana and its implications for Ghana’s archives and historical writing. It explains why some important documents intended for state and institutional archives eventually find their way back into public circulation – some have even been used to wrap roasted food! The paper provides methodological insights to historians and researchers and perhaps warnings too that they should consider alternative sources to archives in their quest for information on Ghana; for after all some researchers on Ghana have come across some amazing documents and historical evidence among the food vendors on Ghana’s streets.
Exploring the Origin and Genetic Diversity of the Giant Reed, Arundo donax in South Africa
Authors: Canavan Kim , Paterson Iain D. , Hill Martin P.
Published: March 2017

The giant reed,Arundo donaxis one of the worst invasive alien species globally, including South Africa, where it invades riparian areas across the country. Biological control is being considered to address the invasive potential and negative impacts of the weed. This study investigated the phylogeography ofA. donaxto guide the biological control program. To determine plant haplotype and genetic diversity, three regions of the chloroplast were sequenced and three microsatellite markers were analyzed in 40 samples from across the plant’s distribution in South Africa. It was determined that all populations ofA. donaxin South Africa were haplotype M1, which is the most widely distributed haplotype worldwide, believed to originate from the Indus Valley, Asia. In addition, no genetic diversity was found, indicating that all theA. donaxpopulations in South Africa are essentially one clone. The results indicate that suitable biological control agents are likely to be found in the ancient native range of haplotype M1. This research has contributed to the global understanding of the phylogeography ofA. donaxand will guide the biological control program in South Africa.
DEFINABLE AND INVARIANT TYPES IN ENRICHMENTS OF NIP THEORIES
Authors: RIDEAU SILVAIN , SIMON PIERRE
Published: March 2017

Let T be an NIP ${\cal L}$-theory and $\mathop T\limits^\~ $ be an enrichment. We give a sufficient condition on $\mathop T\limits^\~$ for the underlying ${\cal L}$-type of any definable (respectively invariant) type over a model of $\mathop T\limits^\~$ to be definable (respectively invariant). These results are then applied to Scanlon’s model completion of valued differential fields.
MEASURABLE PERFECT MATCHINGS FOR ACYCLIC LOCALLY COUNTABLE BOREL GRAPHS
Authors: CONLEY CLINTON T. , MILLER BENJAMIN D.
Published: March 2017

We characterize the structural impediments to the existence of Borel perfect matchings for acyclic locally countable Borel graphs admitting a Borel selection of finitely many ends from their connected components. In particular, this yields the existence of Borel matchings for such graphs of degree at least three. As a corollary, it follows that acyclic locally countable Borel graphs of degree at least three generating μ-hyperfinite equivalence relations admit μ-measurable matchings. We establish the analogous result for Baire measurable matchings in the locally finite case, and provide a counterexample in the locally countable case.
Career Ambitions and Legislative Participation: The Moderating Effect of Electoral Institutions
Authors: Høyland Bjørn , Hobolt Sara B. , Hix Simon
Published: March 2017

What motivates politicians to engage in legislative activities? In multilevel systems politicians may be incentivized by ambitions to advance their careers either at the state or federal level. This article argues that the design of the electoral institutions influences how politicians respond to these incentives. Analyzing a unique dataset of both ‘stated’ and ‘realized’ career ambitions of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs), it finds that those who seek to move from the European to the national (state) level participate less in legislative activities than those who plan to stay at the European (federal) level. For MEPs who aim to move to the state level, attendance and participation in legislative activities is substantively lower among legislators from candidate-centered systems. Importantly, the effect of career ambitions on legislative participation is stronger in candidate-centered systems than in party-centered systems. These findings suggest that the responsiveness associated with candidate-centered systems comes at the expense of legislative activity.
Acanthocotyle gurgesiella n. sp. (Monogenea: Acanthocotylidae) from the deep-sea skate Gurgesiella furvescens (Rajidae) in the south-eastern Pacific
Authors: Ñacari L.A. , Sepulveda F.A. , Escribano R. , Oliva M.E.
Published: March 2017

Little is known about the diversity of parasites of the deep-sea fish of the world's oceans. Here, a new species of monogenean parasite of the deep-sea skate Gurgesiella furvescens is described. Specimens of parasites were obtained from the skin of two specimens of the dusky finless skate, G. furvescens (Rajidae), in the vicinity of Valparaiso (33°S, 72°W), central Chile, from midwater trawl fishing at depths of 350–450 m. Both morphological and molecular analyses were conducted to provide a full description of the new species, named Acanthocotyle gurgesiella. For the molecular analyses, nuclear large subunit (LSU) rDNA and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) were used. From the morphological analysis and a comparison with the known species of the genus, A. gurgesiella can be identified by a combination of morphological characteristics, including the number of testes, number of radial rows of sclerites in the pseudohaptor, aperture of the genital pore and shape of the vitelline follicles. The results from the DNA analysis indicated that A. gurgesiella has a genetic divergence of 3.2–3.7% (LSU rDNA gene) from A. urolophi, the only congener species for which molecular data are available.
Observer-based two-time scale robust control of free-flying flexible-joint space manipulators with external disturbances
Authors: Yu Xiaoyan , Chen Li
Published: March 2017

Observer-based two-time scale robust control is proposed for free-flying flexible-joint space manipulators with unknown payload parameters and bounded disturbances. The dynamic equations of a free-flying space manipulator with two flexible revolute joints were derived by the momentum conservation law and the Lagrange equations. A flexibility compensator was introduced to make the equivalent joint stiffness large enough, which made traditional singular perturbation approach applicable. Then, a singular perturbation model was formulated and a reduced-order controller is proposed. This controller consisted of a slow sub-controller and a fast flexible-joint sub-controller. To the slow subsystem, a sliding observer based robust slow sub-controller was proposed. By optimal linear quadratic regulator method, the fast sub-controller was designed with the estimated velocity by linear observer. This fast sub-controller could stabilize the fast subsystem around the equilibrium trajectory created by the slow subsystem under the effect of the slow control. Finally the numerical simulations were carried out, which showed that elastic joint vibrations had been stabilized effectively and good tracking performances had been achieved.
Prichard's Arguments against Ideal Utilitarianism
Authors: SHAVER ROBERT
Published: March 2017

I give and evaluate Prichard's many (often obscure and idiosyncratic) arguments against ideal utilitarianism.
Connecting interacting galaxies with manifolds
Authors: Romero-Gomez M. , Athanassoula E.
Published: March 2017

It is well known that the interaction between two disk galaxies generates tidal spiral arms and a connection in the form of a bridge. Here we address the question of the formation of tidal arms and bridges from a dynamical point of view. We model the bridges and tails observed in interacting galaxies using the invariant manifolds associated to the Lyapunov orbits of the Lagrangian points of the galactic system, when the two galaxies are considered as two point masses in a circular orbit.
Interacting galaxies in the NGC 697 group of galaxies
Authors: Vennik Jaan
Published: March 2017

We studied the morphology of two brightest members of the nearby NGC 697 group of galaxies, and found evidence of satellite accretion onto the primary galaxy NGC 697 of the group as well as outer and inner irregularities of the only early-type galaxy NGC 680 of the group, which are probably shaped by recent dry merging event(s).
Using deep images and simulations to trace collisional debris around massive galaxies
Authors: Duc Pierre-Alain
Published: March 2017

Deep imaging programs, such as MATLAS which has just been completed at the CFHT, allows us to study with their diffuse light the outer stellar populations around large number of galaxies. We have carried out a systematic census of their fine structures, i.e. the collisional debris from past mergers. We have identified among them stellar streams from minor mergers, tidal tails from gas-rich major mergers, plumes from gas-poor major mergers, and shells from intermediate mass mergers. Having estimated the visibility and life time of each of these structures with numerical simulations, we can reconstruct the past mass assembly of the host galaxy. Preliminary statistical results based on a sample of 360 massive nearby galaxies are presented.
The H i size-mass relation of galaxies
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: March 2017

We revisit the well known H i size-mass relation of galaxies with an unprecedented large sample of over 500 galaxies (Wang et al. 2016). We find that the relation and the scatter about the relation do not depend on the galaxy type, optical luminosity or H i richness. It indicates a fundamental unrecognised mechanism that drives the distribution of H i in different galaxies.
Outskirts of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies Revealed by Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Komiyama Yutaka
Published: March 2017

Local Group galaxies are important targets since their stellar populations can be resolved, and their properties can be investigated in detail with the help of stellar evolutionary models. The newly-built instrument for the 8.2m Subaru Telescope, Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), which has a 1 Giga pixel CCD camera with 1.5 degrees field of view, is the best instrument for observing Local Group galaxies. We have carried out a survey for Local Group dwarf galaxies using HSC aiming to shed light on the outskirts of these galaxies. The survey covers target galaxies out beyond the tidal radii down to a depth unexplored by previous surveys. Thanks to the high spatial resolution and high sensitivity provided by the Subaru Telescope, we are able to investigate properties such as spatial distribution and stellar population from the very center of galaxies to the outskirts. In this article, I will show results for the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822 and the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Ursa Minor.
Thin Planes of Satellites in ΛCDM are not kinematically coherent
Authors: Buck Tobias , Dutton Aaron A. , Macciò Andrea V.
Published: March 2017

Recently it has been shown by Ibata et al. (2013) that a large fraction of the dwarf satellite galaxies found in the PAndAS survey (McConnachie et al. 2009) and orbiting the Andromeda galaxy are surprisingly aligned in a thin, extended, and kinematically coherent planar structure. The presence of such a structure seems to challenge the current Cold Dark Matter paradigm of structure formation (Ibata et al. 2014, Pawlowski et al. 2014), which predicts a more uniform distribution of satellites around central objects. We show that it is possible to obtain a thin, extended, rotating plane of satellites resembling the one in Andromeda in cosmological collisionless simulations based on this model. Our new 21 high-resolution simulations (see Buck et al. 2015) show a correlation between the formation time of the dark matter halo and the thickness of the plane of satellites. Our simulations have a high incidence of satellite planes as thin, extended, and as rich as the one in Andromeda and with a very coherent kinematic structure when we select early forming haloes. By tracking the formation of the satellites in the plane we show that they have mainly been accreted onto the main object along thin dark matter filaments at high redshift (Dekel et al. 2009, Libeskind et al. 2009, 2011). Our results show that the presence of a thin, extended, rotating plane of satellites is not a challenge for the Cold Dark Matter paradigm, but actually supports one of the predictions of this paradigm related to the presence of filaments of dark matter around galaxies at high redshift.
0.8mm extragalactic surveys of nearby galaxies
Authors: Villicaña-Pedraza Ilhuiyolitzin , Martín Sergio , Martín-Pintado Jesus , Requena-Torres Miguel , Guesten Rolf , Armijos Jairo , Pérez-Beaupuits Juan Pablo , Klein Bernd , Heyminck Stefan , Díaz Angeles I. , Binette Luc , Carreto-Parra Francisco , Aladro Rebeca
Published: March 2017

We present the first submillimetric line survey of extragalactic sources carried out by APEX. The surveys cover the 0.8 mm atmospheric window from 270 to 370GHz toward NGC253, NGC4945 and Arp220. We found in NGC 253, 150 transitions of 26 molecules. For NGC 4945, 136 transitions of 24 molecules, and 64 transitions of 17 molecules for Arp 220. Column densities and rotation temperatures have been determinate using the Local Thermodinamical Equilibrium(LTE) line profile simulation and fitting in the MADCUBA IJ software. The differences found in ratios between the Galactic Center and the starburst galaxies NGC 4945 and NGC 253 suggest that the gas is less processed in the latter than in the Galactic Center. The high 18O/17O ratios in the galaxies NGC 4945 and NGC 253 suggest also material less processed in the nuclei of these galaxies than in the Galactic Center. This is consistent with the claim that 17O is a more representative primary product than 18O in stellar nucleosynthesis (Wilson and Rood 1994); Also, we did a Multitransitions study of H3O+ at 307GHz, 364GHz, 388GHz and 396GHz. From our non-LTE analysis of H3O+ in NGC253 with RADEX we found that the collisional excitation can not explain the observed intensity of the ortho 396 GHz line. Excitation by radiation from the dust in the Far-IR can roughly explain the observations if the H2 densities are relatively low. From the derived H3O+ column densities we conclude that the chemistry of this molecule is dominated by ionization produce by the starburst in NGC253 (UV radiation from the O stars) and Arp 220 (cosmic rays from the supernovae) and likely from the AGN in NGC4549 (X-rays ); Finally, we report, for the first time, the tentative detection of the molecular ion HCNH+ (precursor of HCN and HNC) toward a galaxy, NGC4945, abundance explain the claimed enhancement of HCN abundance in the AGN, due to the enhancement of the ionization rate by X-rays. The abundance is much larger than the Galactic center of the Milky Way.
Stellar Populations of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light
Authors: Edwards Louise O. V. , Trierweiller Isabella L.
Published: March 2017

We present 3 representative cases from a sample of 16 local Brightest Cluster Galaxies observed using integral field spectroscopy. The observations extend to nearby neighbours and into the Intracluster Light (ICL). Population synthesis modeling shows that the ICL is younger and more metal poor compared to the BCG core and outskirts. This is consistent with a scenario in which the ICL grows by cluster processes, and alongside the growth of the BCG.
Hα kinematics of nearby galaxies using Fabry-Perot and IFU data
Authors: Erroz-Ferrer Santiago ,   the SG Team and the MUSE-GTO Consortium
Published: March 2017

I present here analysis of the shapes of the rotation curves of a large sample of nearby spiral galaxies with high angular and spectral resolution Hα (Fabry-Perot GHαFaS) kinematics, and the resulting constraints on their total mass distributions. In particular I discuss how their rotation curve shapes relate to key galaxy properties. Finally I present related results from the MUSE Atlas of Disks (MAD) program, which is dissecting the nearby disk population with IFU spectroscopy at ~100pc resolution.
The σ-bump in elliptical galaxies – a signature of major mergers?
Authors: Schauer Anna T. P. , Schulze Felix , Remus Rhea-Silvia , Burkert Andreas
Published: March 2017

The stellar radial velocity dispersion profiles of elliptical galaxies can be well described by a power-law σ(r)∝r−β. We analyze a set of elliptical galaxies formed by major mergers of isolated disk galaxies with mass ratios of 1:1 and 3:1 for several orbital configurations (Johansson et al. 2009). The galaxies in our sample show a deviation from the power-law at 1 − 3Reff, which we term the σ-bump (Schauer et al. 2014). This feature is most prominent in remnants of 1:1 mergers and weakens for remnants of mergers with smaller mass ratios, indicating that the σ-bump is a signature of an equal mass merger. The σ-bump does not vanish with time but stays constant once it has formed, in contrast to shells. It can be seen under all projections, making it an observable feature in the outskirts of elliptical galaxies. We indeed identify three possible σ-bump candidates in the sample of 12 SLUGGS-survey ellipticals studied by Pota et al. (2013), who use globular clusters as tracers for the outer stellar halos (see Schauer et al. 2014, for more details). For further comparisons, we here provide for the first time a two dimensional map of the velocity dispersion of one simulated σ-bump galaxy, to identify the σ-bump in observations of kinematic maps out to several Reff. The σ-bump appears as a global ring-like feature if seen face-on and as an extended box-like feature in its edge-on projection.
The age-kinematical features in the Milky Way outer disk
Authors: Liu Chao , Tian Hai-Jun , Wan Jun-Chen
Published: March 2017

We derive the mean velocity components at various Galactocentric radii from 8 to 14 kpc using about 40,000 red clump stars observed in the LAMOST survey. We find that the vertical bulk motion for younger red clump stars are significantly larger than that for the older red clump stars. This is likely the kinematical feature of the Galactic warp around its line-of-node, which is located close to the Galactic anti-center region. It is evident that the warp are mainly contributed by the younger stars rather than the older stars. The age variation in the vertical kinematics favors a formation scenario where the Galactic warp is originated from infalling misaligned gas.
Properties of the outer regions of spiral disks: abundances, colors and ages
Authors: Mollá Mercedes , Díaz Angeles I. , Gibson Brad K. , Cavichia Oscar , López-Sánchez Ángel-R.
Published: March 2017

We summarize the results obtained from our suite of chemical evolution models for spiral disks, computed for different total masses and star formation efficiencies. Once the gas, stars and star formation radial distributions are reproduced, we analyze the Oxygen abundances radial profiles for gas and stars, in addition to stellar averaged ages and global metallicity. We examine scenarios for the potential origin of the apparent flattening of abundance gradients in the outskirts of disk galaxies, in particular the role of molecular gas formation prescriptions.
Mass distributions in disk galaxies
Authors: Martinsson Thomas , Verheijen Marc , Bershady Matthew , Westfall Kyle , Andersen David , Swaters Rob
Published: March 2017

We present results on luminous and dark matter mass distributions in disk galaxies from the DiskMass Survey. As expected for normal disk galaxies, stars dominate the baryonic mass budget in the inner region of the disk; however, at about four optical scale lengths (hR) the atomic gas starts to become the dominant contributor. Unexpectedly, we find the total baryon to dark-matter fraction within a galaxy stays nearly constant with radius from 1hR out to at least 6hR, with a baryon fraction of 15–50% among galaxies. On average, only one third of the mass within 2.2hR in a disk galaxy is baryonic and these baryons appear to have had only a minor effect on the distribution of the dark matter.
Star-formation efficiency in the outer Galaxy
Authors: Izumi Natsuko , Kobayashi Naoto , Yasui Chikako , Tokunaga Alan T. , Saito Masao , Hamano Satoshi
Published: March 2017

We report the results of new survey of star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy at Galactocentric radius of more than 13.5 kpc, where the environment is significantly different from that in the solar neighborhood.