bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daily and longitudinal associations between relationship catastrophizing and sexual well-being in the postpartum period
Authors: Wang Grace A. , Dawson Samantha J. , Huberman Jackie S. , Rosen Natalie O.
Published: January 2024

New parent couples report heightened relationship conflicts and challenges; how romantic partners regulate their emotions in response can have key implications for their sexual relationship. One way people might respond to these emotional challenges is through relationship catastrophizing, which refers to magnifying negative cognitions, ruminating on relationship problems, and adopting a helpless orientation toward coping with these problems. Relationship catastrophizing may orient new parents’ attention toward challenges in their relationship, such as sexual difficulties, with negative implications for sexual well-being. The current study examined how relationship catastrophizing relates to one’s own and a partner’s sexual well-being. Birthing parents and their partners completed a novel measure of relationship catastrophizing and measures of sexual well-being at 3 and 9 months postpartum ( n = 184 couples) and brief versions of these measures for 21 days between 3 and 4 months postpartum ( n = 229 couples). On days when birthing parents employed greater relationship catastrophizing, they also reported greater sexual distress and both partners reported lower sexual satisfaction and desire. Partners’ daily relationship catastrophizing was associated with their own lower sexual satisfaction and desire, and both partners’ greater sexual distress. Longitudinal analyses, however, provided minimal evidence that the costs of relationship catastrophizing persist over time when accounting for other stressors (e.g., depressive symptoms, stress, fatigue) characteristic of the postpartum period. Findings support the potential for relationship catastrophizing as a novel target for psychoeducation and interventions aimed at promoting the day-to-day sexual well-being of new parents.
Research of asymmetric airfoil on aerodynamic characteristics of vertical axis wind turbines
Authors: Huang Zhen , Wang Haipeng , Li Yang , Shi Hongwei
Published: January 2024

Asymmetric airfoils are commonly used in horizontal axis wind turbines, while symmetrical airfoils are currently the focal point of the researches for most vertical axis wind turbines’ airfoils studies. The purpose of this paper is to research the influence of asymmetric airfoils on the aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind turbines. The influence of asymmetric airfoils on the aerodynamic characteristics of vertical axis wind turbines is investigated by numerical simulation method. The symmetric airfoils are chosen as NACA0021, while the asymmetric airfoils are chosen as DU97-W-300. Single-blade, 3-blade, different tip speed ratios, and three wind speeds (7, 8, 9 m/s) are set as the parameters. The wind turbine with symmetric airfoils performed better aerodynamically at high tip speed ratios, whereas the wind turbine with asymmetric airfoils performs well at low tip speed ratios. The wind turbine with asymmetric airfoils has outstanding start ability at low wind speeds.
Randomized Controlled Trials on Platelet-Rich Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis Poorly Adhere to the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) Guidelines: A Systematic Review
Authors: Stone Austin V. , Abed Varag , Owens Mitchell , Brunty Nathan , Skinner Matthew , Jacobs Cale
Published: January 2024

Background:

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment for knee osteoarthritis has grown exponentially over the past decade; however, its scientific evaluation is highly variable. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons addressed the need for the standardization of orthobiologics studies by publishing the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) guidelines in May 2017. In total, the MIBO guidelines are divided into 12 categories, encompassing 23 checklist items.

Hypothesis/Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to analyze how well randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PRP interventions for knee osteoarthritis adhered to the MIBO guidelines. We hypothesized that most articles would report <80% of the MIBO criteria.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were used to perform a systematic review in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria included English-language RCTs that assessed PRP interventions for knee osteoarthritis and reported beginning patient enrollment in June 2017 or later. The original 23 MIBO checklist items were separated and modified into a 44-point checklist. Adherence was determined by calculating the total percentage of checklist items that each article adequately and clearly reported from the 44-point checklist.

Results:

A total of 25 RCTs (2356 patients) were included in this study. The weighted mean age was 57.7 ± 4.4 years, with 42.9% being male. On average, only 53.1% ± 10.4% (range, 31.8%-77.3%) of the 44-point MIBO checklist items were reported per article. No articles had adherence rates ≥80%, 5 (20.0%) had rates between 60% and 79.9%, and 20 (80.0%) had rates ≤59.9%. Categories fluctuated in adherence, with “Intervention” having the greatest adherence (100.0%) and “Activation” having the lowest (14.0%). Additionally, 4 (33.3%) categories had adherence rates ≥80%, 0 had rates from 60% to 79.9%, and 8 (66.7%) had rates ≤59.9%.

Conclusion:

The overall mean adherence to MIBO guidelines by RCTs on PRP interventions for knee osteoarthritis was 53.1%. To increase the reproducibility, improve transparency, and assess the treatment efficacy of future PRP studies, reporting of MIBO guidelines should be improved.
Risk of Revision and Reoperation After Quadriceps Tendon Autograft ACL Reconstruction Compared With Patellar Tendon and Hamstring Autografts in a US Cohort of 21,973 Patients
Authors: Yang Justin S. , Prentice Heather A. , Reyes Chelsea E. , Lehman Christopher R. , Maletis Gregory B.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The use of quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts has increased in the past 10 years. However, there remains a dearth of large studies examining the effects of graft selection on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) that includes QT grafts.

Purpose:

To evaluate the risk of subsequent surgical outcomes, including revision and reoperation, for a large cohort of patients with primary ACLR according to autograft selection.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Data from a US health care system ACLR registry were used to conduct a cohort study. Primary isolated autograft ACLRs were identified (2012-2021). The exposure of interest was autograft type: QT, bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB), and hamstring tendon (HT). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the risk of aseptic revision (defined as a subsequent surgery where removal and replacement of the original graft for noninfectious reasons was required) and risk of aseptic reoperation (defined as any subsequent surgery for noninfectious reasons where the graft was left intact) according to autograft selection.

Results:

The study sample comprised 21,973 ACLRs performed by 290 surgeons at 53 hospitals. QT, BPTB, and HT autografts were used in 1103 (5.0%), 9519 (43.3%), and 11,351 (51.7%) ACLRs, respectively. In adjusted models, no significant differences were observed in revision risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95% CI, 0.60-1.89; P = .837) or reoperation risk (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.70-1.43; P = .993) within 4 years of follow-up when comparing QT ACLR with BPTB ACLR. Additionally, no differences in 4-year revision (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.34-1.12; P = .111) or reoperation (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.85-1.80; P = .262) risks were observed when comparing QT ACLR with HT ACLR. HT ACLRs were noted to have a higher risk of revision (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.25-1.84; P < .001) compared with BPTB ACLRs but a lower risk of reoperation (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98; P = .024).

Conclusion:

In this large multicenter study using data from an ACLR registry, the authors found no difference in the risk of revision or reoperation when QT was compared with BPTB or HT autograft with the numbers available, but they did find a 1.5 times higher risk of revision when HT autograft was compared with BPTB autograft. Surgeons may use this information when choosing the appropriate graft for ACLR in their patients.
Radiographic Investigation of Coronal Plane and Patellar Height and Changes Following Tibial Deflection Osteotomy for Correction of Tibial Slope in Combination With ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Cance Nicolas , Dan Michael J. , Pineda Tomas , Demey Guillaume , DeJour David H.
Published: January 2024

Background:

A tibial deflexion osteotomy (TDO) is performed to decrease the sagittal tibial slope to reduce the relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) graft failure. Given that coronal plane osteotomies can cause consequential changes in the sagittal plane to patellar height and tibial slope, potential changes to coronal plane alignment and patellar height can result after a sagittal plane osteotomy.

Purpose:

To compare preoperative and postoperative coronal plane alignment after TDO, as well as to analyze the effect of the osteotomy on patellar height.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

This study was conducted on a consecutive series of patients with primary and revision ACLR with concomitant TDO between 2011 and 2022. Inclusion criteria were 1-stage autograft ACLR combined with supratubercular TDO with pre- and 3 months postoperative radiographs of sufficient quality. Indications for TDO were anterior instability requiring ACL revision surgery and a posterior tibial slope (PTS) >9° or a PTS >14° in the primary ACL surgery patients. Anteroposterior and lateral knee radiographs were reviewed, and the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), PTS, Caton-Deschamps index (CDI), and modified Insall-Salvati ratio were measured directly from the radiographs by 2 independent reviewers.

Results:

A total of 68 patients were included in this study. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were performed 1 month before and 3 months after surgery, respectively. There was a significant increase in the mean MPTA of 0.95° varus (SD, 2.1°; range, increase of 4.23° valgus to increase of 7.74° varus; P < .01), a decreased PTS of 8.86° (SD, 3.03°; P < .01), and an increased CDI of 0.08 (range, decrease of 0.27 to increase of 0.64) ( P < .01; SD, 0.17) in patients undergoing TDO. Insall-Salvati ratio measurements showed no difference. There was good intra- and interobserver reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.97 and 0.91 for MPTA, 0.97 and 0.87 for PTS, 0.87 and 0.93 for CDI, and 0.88 and 0.76 the Insall-Salvati ratio.

Conclusion:

This study, the largest series on TDO for ACLR, demonstrates that the TDO can be performed safely without large changes to coronal alignment or patellar height. The tibial slope was reduced by a mean of 8.86° (range, 2.3°-11.5°; P < .01). The TDO produces a small statistically significant change to coronal alignment, inducing a mean increased varus of <1° and an increased patellar height of 0.1 CDI. Therefore, TDO can be performed safely without dramatic changes to coronal alignment or patellar height, this study highlights technical aspects to minimize iatrogenic varus.
Treatment of Candida auris during extracorporeal life support: A case report
Authors: Dobry Paul , Edwin Stephanie B , Ng Tsz Hin , Dutcheshen Karey , Kaki Amir , Schreiber Theodore L
Published: January 2024

With rates of ECMO utilization on the rise, prevention of nosocomial infections is of paramount importance. Candida auris, an emerging highly pathogenic multidrug resistant fungus, is of particular concern as it is associated with persistent colonization of environmental surfaces, inability to be recognized by many diagnostic platforms, inconsistent laboratory susceptibility results, and high mortality rates. We describe a case of C. auris in a VV-ECMO patient successfully managed with a combination of anidulafungin, amphotericin B, and flucytosine.
ThermOxshield ion pair self assembly unleashing suppressed release
Authors: Guo Yuyuan , George Joy Jomon , Kim Jin-Chul
Published: January 2024

Poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), an anionic polymer was used to prepare ion pair self-assembly (IPSAM) with 4-(methylthio)aniline (MTA), a hydrophobic counter ion, which is responsive to temperature and oxidation. The IPSAM was formed when the carboxylic to amino group molar ratio was 7/3-5/5. The structure of the IPSAM nanoparticle was spherical whose diameter was 30-40 nm on the TEM images. The PAA/MTA ion pair showed the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) that hiked with increasing MTA content. When the MTA of the ion pair was oxidized by H2O2, the UCST was also increased. The amphiphilic property of the ion pair was responsible for interface activity which declined upon the oxidation of the MTA. The surface tension was low for the ratio of PAA/MTA (5/5), which made the 5/5 ratio suitable for further studies. The interaction between PAA and MTA, which was ionic, and the oxidation of MTA was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The release of payload (i.e. Nile red) in IPSAM was restrained below the UCST but it was triggered above the phase transition temperature possibly due to the disintegration of the IPSAM whereas on MTA oxidation the release was shielded due to more hydrophobicity. The release was found to be higher in tumor environment temperature which could be controlled with the input concentration of H2O2 giving a stable IPSAM. The cell viability results showed that IPSAM has no significant cytotoxicity and can serve as a drug carrier for stimulus-response.
Examining the structure of narcissism and its relationship with aggression in Chinese community and offender samples
Authors: Liu Yuping , Hopwood Christopher J , Du Tianwei V , Lynam Donald R , Miller Joshua D , Zhou Bingtao , Yang Bo
Published: January 2024

Objective: Associations between dimensions of narcissism and aggression have been well-documented in Western samples. We aimed to generalize findings regarding the validity of one-, two- (Grandiose Narcissism, GN, and Vulnerable Narcissism, VN), and three-factor models (Agentic Narcissism, Agent; Neurotic Narcissism, Neuro; Antagonistic Narcissism, Antag) of narcissism and associations with aggression to Chinese offender and nonoffender samples. Methods: Our preregistered study used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a novel methodological approach, relative weights analysis (RWA) in an offender ( N = 485) and a community ( N = 578) sample from China to examine the generalizability of narcissism dimensions, and within-study meta-analysis using 9 samples ( N = 3520, and 282 effect sizes) to examine links between narcissism dimensions and aggression. Results: The two-factor model replicated well across samples and three-factor model replicated moderately, with differences emerging for the structure of Antag in offenders. Narcissism was positively correlated with aggression, although associations varied across narcissism dimensions and types of aggression. Conclusion: The dimensional models of narcissism and associations with aggression generalized fairly well from Western to Chinese offender and nonoffender populations, although some potential differences worthy of consideration in future research and practice were observed.
Exploring the Structure of Career Narratives: The Application of the Narrative Identity Assessment Model
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Jin Yuna , Ryou Hansuk , Yang Eunjoo
Published: January 2024

In career construction theory, career narratives play a central role in establishing vocational identity. This study investigated the factor structure of career narratives by applying the narrative identity assessment model. In total, 521 young adults participated in the job search. They completed an online survey comprising self-reported measures of career adaptability and job search intensity. Career narratives were also collected, with a career-turning point as a prompt. Career narratives were rated based on exploratory processing, meaning-making, change connections, affective tone, contamination, agency, communion, elaboration of facts, contextual coherence, and chronological coherence. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized three-factor structure. Three factors were differentially associated with career adaptability. Only the motivational and affective themes were related to job search intensity. These findings suggest that the factor structure model of career narratives provides a complementary understanding of vocational identity.
Dynamic reliability analysis of CNC lathe spindle-bearing system with thermal effect in radial runout
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Meng Cunying , Li Changyou , Zhang Yimin
Published: January 2024

As one of the key components of computerized numerical control (CNC) lathes, the dynamic characteristics of spindle-bearing system has a vital influence on machining performance. Analyzing the kinematic error of spindle-bearing system is of great significance for investigating its radial runout and optimizing CNC lathe. The failure mode of CNC lathe spindle-bearing system with thermal effect is defined as the dynamic displacement of shaft end exceeds the allowable radial runout. Firstly, a dynamic model of system with thermal effect under random geometric parameters is presented to carry out the reliability analysis of radial runout. The stochastic perturbation method is applied to determine the first four moments of system dynamic displacement. Random variables and derivatives of system differential equations can be arranged into two-dimensional matrices used with Kronecker algebra. In addition, the reliability and its reliability sensitivity of system are obtained to study the influence of random parameters on the reliability of system. A CJK-6130 CNC lathe is used as a practical example of proposed model. Furthermore, the comparison between numerical calculation and Monte Carlo simulation is used to verify the proposed method. Eventually, the effects of mean values and variances of bearing random parameters on the radial runout are discussed.
Integrated fault detection filter and fault-tolerant control for the unmanned surface vehicle with deception attacks
Authors: Jin Tianmeng , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaofan , Ren Xiaoqiang
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the fault detection and fault-tolerant control problem for an unmanned surface vehicle exposed to wave-induced disturbances and actuator faults in the physical layer, and delays and deception attacks in the cyber layer. First, a comprehensive vehicle model that includes physical disturbances, faults, time-varying delays, and Bernoulli random variable–based deception attacks is established. Second, an integrated fault detection filter and fault-tolerant controller design are developed to simultaneously provide a high degree of sensitivity to actuator faults and robustness and stability against cyber-physical threats (disturbances, faults, delays, and attacks). Delays and deception attacks are assumed to occur on the channel from fault detection filter to fault-tolerant controller. Finally, the performance and advantages of the integrated fault detection filter and fault-tolerant controller method with the solvability of inequality matrices are evaluated via comparative simulations in the unmanned surface vehicle with both low and high forward speeds.
An understanding of school libraries within the technical vocational education and training system: Chile’s CRA school libraries
Authors: Bolaños Fernando , Pilerot Ola , Cerda-Oñate Karina , Cerna Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2024

Our study seeks to explore how official Chilean governmental normative documents envision school libraries within its Technical Vocational Education and Training system. This system has not been exempted from the discursive rhetoric that maintains that for today’s society being able to engage with information is indispensable. While the library has been argued to be a model space for developing such practices, this need not be the case. The role of the library and librarians is not fixed but rather runs within a continuum. Given that libraries’ roles are not fixed, exploring the underlying assumptions of documents that set out standards for libraries is important. Failing to question such assumptions can lead to problematic implementations where discrepancies between rhetoric and practice become common. Within the Chilean context, normative documents as well as teachers explicitly assign the school library responsibility for the development of practices to engage with information. Additionally, in Chile, the enactment of public policy concomitant to school libraries originated from the idea that they were fundamental for developing literacy and practices to purposefully engage with information. Methodologically, we have conducted a post-foundational discourse analysis. Two documents central to the detailing of school library standards underwent a synchronic heuristic discourse analysis as understood by relational-ontology. Findings indicate that the understandings of school libraries are closer to that of a passive annex, or resource, of a school and not as a site for instruction and learning. Our findings indicate that such an understanding slants toward an understanding of libraries mainly conceived in quantitative terms, ultimately leading to the potential thwarting of practices to engage with information.
The politics of politicization: Climate change debates in Canadian print media
Authors: Isopp Bernhard
Published: January 2024

Politicization is frequently employed as an analytic concept to explain the relationships between politics and media coverage of climate change. However, relatively few works explore how different notions of politicization are mobilized by actors in media discourses themselves. This article does so via a framing analysis of climate change coverage in Canadian newspapers. I investigate how different relationships between science and politics are conceived and associated with varying positions on climate change. In particular, I examine a supposition in science and technology studies that the media remains committed to deficit models and thus uncritically reproduces the authority of science. Scientistic discourses exist but among a diversity of politicization framings. A key finding is that the strongest appeals to scientific neutrality are associated with climate skepticism. This casts light on the nuanced, strategic “politics of politicization” in climate change debates. A more fine-grained and reflexive approach to politicization discourses can help identify productive interventions.
Towards a Dynamic Model of Entrepreneurial Energy
Authors: Kakatkar Aishwarya , Patzelt Holger , Breugst Nicola
Published: January 2024

Entrepreneurial energy, the level of energetic activation that a founder feels for building their venture, is an important indicator of a founder’s well-being. Changes in entrepreneurial energy have wide-ranging consequences for both founders and their ventures, yet much remains to be learned about how and why such fluctuations might occur, as well as the role of social dynamics in influencing fluctuations in entrepreneurial energy. To investigate these questions, we draw on longitudinal data from 38 founders, developing a dynamic model of entrepreneurial energy. Our study contributes to research on entrepreneurial energy and well-being, as well as energetic activation more generally.
Mothering a Child With Complexity and Rarity: A Narrative Inquiry Exploring Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Currie Genevieve , Estefan Andrew , Caine Vera
Published: January 2024

Daily experiences of mothers caring for children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) are largely unknown and unvoiced. Knowledge of PWS has generally focused on pathology of the disorder. This emphasis overlooks the challenging moments of everyday life caring for children with PWS. Storied accounts of mothers caring for children with PWS offer expanded narratives to medicalized descriptions of experience. An understanding of everyday challenges in managing physical and mental health issues of PWS including hyperphagia and anxiety may create shifts in social and clinical perspectives. This understanding could improve practices in health and social care for families with PWS. This narrative inquiry studied everyday experience using storied accounts. Participants were mothers caring for children aged 3–17 years with genetically confirmed PWS who were experiencing hyperphagia. Four participants were recruited, and each interviewed 8–12 times over 12 months. Field texts and narrative accounts were co-composed through a collaborative process of analysis. Engaging with participants’ day-to-day experiences offered insights into their work of nurturing, caring, and contributing to the care of a child with PWS. Narrative threads focused on complexity and rarity and include the desire to be normal, how ordinary becomes extraordinary, isolation, behaviors and normative standards, and alternative stories of mothering. Recommendations for practice and policy include (a) challenges of mothering a child with complexity, (b) moving beyond functionality and impairment to participation and quality of life, (c) re-storying narratives and supports for families, and (d) engaging with mothers to determine care priorities.
Anatomical Structures at Risk in Percutaneous Preparation Talonavicular Fusion
Authors: Yeager Matthew T. , Nihalani Shrey , Rutz Robert W. , Mohammed Zuhair J. , Hargreaves Mathew , McCrosson Matthew , Scheinberg Mila , Singh Swapnil , Shah Ashish B.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The stability of the hindfoot greatly relies on the integrity of the talonavicular joint. Pathologies affecting this joint often necessitate fusion. Our study explores the risks posed to neurovascular and tendon structures during simulated percutaneous talonavicular joint preparation for fusion.

Methods:

In 9 fresh cadaver specimens, the talonavicular joint was accessed through two portals. A 2-mm Shannon burr was employed for joint surface preparation with distraction provided by a pin-based distractor. Dissections were performed to assess potential damage to critical structures, including the dorsalis pedis artery, superficial and deep peroneal nerves, extensor hallucis longus (EHL), and tibialis anterior (TA) tendons.

Results:

The dorsal portal site was found to be significantly closer to important structures compared to the medial portal site. The Shannon burr made contact with various structures, with a single transection identified for both deep and superficial peroneal nerve branches. During the dorsal portal site approach, potential injury to the EHL tendon was identified as concern.

Conclusion:

This study sheds light on the potential risks associated with percutaneous dorsal and medial joint preparation approaches using a Shannon burr. Level of Evidence: Level V, mechanism-based reasoning..
Female Circumcision and Sexual Negotiation Ability of Ethiopian Women
Authors: Alemu Dawit G. , Haile Zelalem T. , Wachira Elizabeth , Conserve Donaldson
Published: January 2024

The following study attempts to assess the link between the circumcision status of Ethiopian women and their ability to negotiate sex. From the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, we analyzed a subsample of 3,445 women aged 15 to 49. Women's sexual negotiation ability was measured by their ability to ask for condom and their ability to refuse sex. We performed a univariate, bivariate, and multiple logistic regression analysis. In the final analysis, only education, residence, media access, and sexually transmitted infections knowledge were independently associated with the sexual negotiation ability of women. Circumcision status was not associated with sexual negotiation ability.
The Changing Role of the District PBIS Coordinator Throughout the Stages of Implementation
Authors: Amaya Alice J. , Amundson Lisa
Published: January 2024

Various district-level factors contribute to the successful implementation of Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) in schools, a widely implemented evidence-based framework supporting students’ social, emotional, and behavioral development. Prior research has identified the district PBIS coordinator as a critical factor supporting school-level PBIS implementation. However, further research is needed to clarify the functions of the district PBIS coordinator role throughout the implementation process. This pilot study developed and validated a survey instrument to clarify (a) the common functions of the district PBIS coordinator role and (b) how the common functions of district PBIS coordinators changed across the distinct implementation stages. The Kruskal-Wallis H-test was used to determine whether significant differences existed in the amount of time district PBIS coordinators spent on functions of their role by implementation stage. Results from the pilot administration conducted in the U.S. state of Michigan indicated that district PBIS coordinators initially focused time on leadership and organization functions while competency functions developed as implementation matured. The survey findings offer preliminary insights into the district PBIS coordinator role, which may help inform professional development planning at the local and state levels, technical assistance offerings, and personnel decision-making. This study also serves as a blueprint for future research.
Analysis and optimization of the chamfered pyramid and evaluation of geometrical parameters’ effect on its sound absorption coefficient
Authors: Moradi Arman , Basirjafari Sedigheh
Published: January 2024

Since symmetrical geometry makes it easier to arrange pyramid absorbers on anechoic chamber walls compared to wedge absorbers, the goal of this paper is to present an optimal pyramid-shaped absorber which, in addition to the optimal performance in sound absorption, has other advantages such as less thickness, lower material consumption and cost, easier construction, arrangement and maintenance and occupying less space compared to wedges. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the optimized sound absorber by using the genetic algorithm programed in MATLAB software, with the goal of a 100 Hz cut-off frequency. The results show that the optimized chamfered pyramid at the top performs better at sound absorption compared to the complete pyramid and wedge with 18% less thickness. Furthermore, the cut-off frequency decreased to 91 Hz when a gap of up to 15 mm was created between the adjacent absorbers mounted on the surface, which is desirable.
Identifying cognitive profiles in children with neurodevelopmental disorders using online cognitive testing
Authors: Hennessy Abagail , Nichols Emily S , Al-Saoud Sarah , Brossard-Racine Marie , Duerden Emma G
Published: January 2024

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to exhibit similar deficits in attention and memory ability. Early screening of cognitive deficits in children with NDDs, particularly in preschool children, is fundamental to improving cognitive and academic outcomes. In order to determine cognitive profiles in children with ASD and ADHD, we developed accessible audiovisual instructions for an online battery of 13 cognitive tests. Children ages 4–16 who were diagnosed with ADHD ( n = 83), or ASD ( n = 37), or who were typically developing children (TD) ( n = 86) were recruited. Data were analyzed using a stepwise Discriminant Analysis to determine which cognitive tasks were the strongest discriminators between the diagnostic groups. Results revealed four tasks reflective of working memory, reasoning, and attentional processes, which correctly classified approximately 53–60% of each group. The ADHD group had lower scores on attentional tasks compared to TD, while ASD group had lower scores on reasoning tasks compared to the TD children, and made more attempts across all four tasks. The results from this study stress the need for cognitive screening assessments that include domain-specific items to improve the characterization of executive function deficits and promote academic achievement in all children with NDDs.
Development and Validation of the Cheers Attitudes towards Non-drinkers Scale (CANS)
Authors: Cheers Christopher , Pennay Amy , de la Piedad Garcia Xochitl , Callinan Sarah
Published: January 2024

Non-drinkers report experiencing stigma, which can act as a barrier to non-drinking. Two studies were undertaken to develop and test a new scale to measure attitudes towards non-drinkers. In Study 1, 29 items were presented to 426 Australian drinkers. In Study 2, the refined 12-item Cheers Attitudes to Non-drinkers Scale (CANS) was presented to 389 drinkers. Alcohol consumption, Harm and the Regan Attitudes towards Non-drinkers Scale (RANDS) were presented for scale validation. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors representing the Threats to Fun, Connection and Self that drinkers perceive non-drinkers to pose. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale meets the required fit indices and had good reliability (α = 0.842). Evidence of validity was shown through significant correlations with Alcohol Consumption, Harm and the RANDS. These studies show the CANS to be a reliable and valid measure that could be utilised to understand and modify the stigma experienced by non-drinkers.
‘Do I cry or just carry on?’ A story completion study of healthcare professionals’ anticipated responses to experiencing chest pain
Authors: Vries Caitlin , Flurey Caroline A
Published: January 2024

Healthcare professionals may experience barriers to seeking healthcare that differ from the general population. We explored healthcare professionals’ anticipated responses to experiencing chest pain following a period of stress using qualitative story completion method with healthcare professionals ( n = 44). Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, which identified three themes: ‘“Do I cry or just carry on?”: A Culture of Suffering in Silence’ identified worries that expressing health concerns would be perceived as weakness, with potential impact on career opportunities. Participants also described self-diagnosis and self-medication rather than help-seeking. ‘“Me? Have a panic attack?”: Psychosomatic Shame’ suggested mental health issues may be ignored due to stigma. ‘“We definitely don’t take care of ourselves”: Prioritising Pressures of Multiple Responsibilities over Self-care’ identified real or perceived pressures to de-prioritise their health. Future research should explore the design of confidential, time efficient support for healthcare professionals that tackle cultural norms and barriers to self-care.
Measuring Spiritual Well-being using a numerical rating scale: Additional evidence of the validity of the Well-being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs)
Authors: Chiesi Francesca , Tagliaferro Carlotta , Marunic Georgia , Bonacchi Andrea
Published: January 2024

The Well-being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs) can be used to assess rapidly and accurately different types of well-being. However, the spiritual well-being scale showed slightly weaker psychometric properties. This study aimed to further investigate its suitability in measuring spiritual well-being. Participants ( N = 270, age: M = 32.98; SD = 15.64; 67% females) were administered a questionnaire including spiritual well-being, gratitude, compassionate love, and personality traits measures. A network analysis (based on correlations) was used to display graphically the pattern of relationships among the measured constructs (i.e. the nomological net). Results provided evidence that the scale measures spiritual well-being as defined in the literature, that is, a component distinct from faith and compassionate love, but connected to meaning in life, quality of relationships, personality traits, and gratitude. These findings confirm the WB-NRSs is a psychometrically sound and easy-to-use tool with clear benefits for both research and clinical assessment.
The prevalence of feigning and concealment of Covid-19 infections in an international sample
Authors: Boskovic Irena , Puente-López Esteban , Dandachi-FitzGerald Brechje , Merckelbach Harald
Published: January 2024

We asked 463 participants from 21 countries whether they had feigned and/or concealed having a coronavirus infection during the pandemic period. 384 respondents (83%) reported having experienced a coronavirus infection. They were, on average, younger and reported more chronic health issues than participants who said they had never been infected. 65 (14%) admitted to having feigned the infection. Prevalence doubled (28%) when asked if they knew anyone who had feigned a coronavirus infection. Main motives for feigning were to stay at home and to obtain sick leave. As to having concealed a coronavirus infection, 56 (12%) responded affirmatively, but when asked about others, the prevalence reached 51% ( n = 210). The most common reasons for concealment were to avoid letting others know and to not miss an event. Thus, both feigning and concealing infections can occur on a nontrivial scale, directly affecting prevalence rates in studies that rely on self-reported data collected from social platforms.
Foreign language anxiety and self-disclosure in online university French classes
Authors: Tutton Mark , Cohen Doron L.
Published: January 2024

This article presents a small-scale study of students with medium to high levels of foreign language anxiety (FLA) enrolled in synchronous, online French classes at an Australian university. We conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with 10 such students, focusing specifically on their experience with speaking activities and their perceptions of questions requiring self-disclosure that are routinely asked in foreign language classes. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that students overwhelmingly prefer the physical classroom to the online environment, and that this is largely due to increased possibilities for easier interaction with fellow students. In addition, these students were all at ease with disclosing low-level personal information in class. This suggests that the social nature of language learning is a key feature of a positive second language (L2) learning experience. Second, all students had strategies in place to mitigate the negative effects of their FLA. These included not only preparation strategies (e.g. anticipating questions and preparing responses in advance) but also the use of technology (e.g. Google Translate and other online resources). We therefore suggest that low-level self-disclosure does not negatively impact students with moderate to high levels of FLA, and that technological tools provide useful scaffolds to support their learning and mitigate the negative effects of their FLA.
The nature of a populist and radical-right foreign policy: Analysing the freedom party’s participation in the right-wing Austrian government
Authors: Eder Franz
Published: January 2024

What impact do populist and radical-right ideas have on a country’s foreign policy? Although research on the nexus of populism and foreign policy has taught us much about populists’ conduct of foreign affairs, we still lack distinctive categories characterising the nature of a populist and radical-right foreign policy. Furthermore, the impact of populist and radical-right parties on foreign policy and the question of how to measure this impact is still unanswered. This article seeks to address this research gap by examining the populist and radical-right Freedom Party’s participation in the Austrian government from 2017 to 2019 and by applying a mixed-methods approach to government programmes and official press releases. Overall, the article makes three contributions to the literature. First, it proposes distinctive categories of a populist and radical-right foreign policy conception. Second, it introduces an approach to measure the impact of this conception on a country’s foreign policy. And finally, it determines this impact on Austria’s foreign policy.
Sandwich panel behavior under low-velocity impact with polyurethane core
Authors: Peysayyar Reza , Taghipoor Hossein , Nouri Mohammad Damghani
Published: January 2024

In this article, the aim is to numerically and experimentally investigate the energy absorption of sandwich panels composed of polyurethane foam cores and composite facesheets consisting of epoxy resin reinforced with Kevlar® 29 fibers with different numbers of layers under low-velocity impact. Therefore, factors influencing energy absorption in sandwich panels, such as the density of foams, the arrangement of foam layers, core thickness, and the number of composite layers in the skins, were investigated. Additionally, the damage modes occurring in the composite facesheets were examined. Damage initiation in the composite facesheets is predicted using the three-dimensional Hashin criterion with VUMAT coding, and cohesive elements model interlayer delamination. The results show strong agreement between numerical simulations and experiments. Key parameters such as contact force–time curves, the maximum force needed to initiate damage in composite layers, energy absorption, and SEA are analyzed. Among the experimental samples, increasing the number of composite layers had a greater effect on the overall energy absorption of sandwich panels compared to increasing the thickness of foam cores. However, increasing the number of composite layers in the facesheets performed poorly in terms of improving the SEA parameter. Notably, panels with integrated cores at a density of 75 kg/m³ exhibit the highest energy absorption at 11.7868 J. Moreover, increasing the number of composite layers on the back facesheet results in a 4.94% and 6.96% energy absorption increase compared to panels with more composite layers on the upper facesheet or an equal distribution between the upper and lower facesheets.
Digital twin enabled structural integrity management: Critical review and framework development
Authors: Li Shen , Brennan Feargal
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a critical review of literature on the emerging technology known as digital twin and its application in structural integrity management for marine structures. The review defines digital twin in relation to structural integrity management as a virtual representation of a physical structure that mirrors the same structural conditions in real time. Twinning is a dynamic process that involves reducing the discrepancy between the virtual representation and physical structure, which is achieved with the aid of monitored data. Regarding the state-of-the-art concerning marine structure applications, all require the creation of a finite element model to represent the physical structure. Several practical schemes for physical to virtual interconnection have been proposed, but few researchers have concentrated on virtual to physical feedback. In addition, most works have focused only on assessing the current states of structures. To address this, a digital twin-based monitoring framework is proposed and three key enabling technologies, namely model updating, real-time simulation, and data-driven forecasting are demonstrated using a numerical case study. Such technologies enable structural diagnostics, as well as prognostics, to support decision making such as inspection/maintenance planning. Based on the case study, the opportunities and associated challenges of digital twin are discussed. For instance, to fully exploit the potential of digital twin, challenges related to monitoring systems such as standardisation, enhanced redundancy for long-term application, and monitored data quality assurance need to be addressed. Further, because digital twin can avail a vast amount of data, a dedicated data mining capability should also be incorporated.
Efficacy of Endovascular Repair Using Single Left Common Carotid Artery Stent Combined with Castor Single-Branched Stent-Graft in the Treatment of Regional Diseases of Zone 2 of the Aorta
Authors: Fang Jie , Tian Chen , Chen Dong , Luo Mingyao , Fang Kun , Tian Chuan , Shu Chang
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To observe the short-term efficacy of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) using a single left common carotid artery chimney stent combined with a Castor single-branched stent-graft (SC-TEVAR) in the treatment of zone 2 (Z2) aortic diseases.

Materials and Methods:

To conduct a retrospective analysis of 20 patients with Z2 aortic diseases who were treated in our department from June 2021 to April 2022. The lesions included true aortic degenerative aneurysms with diameter ≥5.0 cm and penetrating aortic ulcers with depth >1.0 cm or basal width >2.0 cm. All 20 patients accepted the SC-TEVAR treatment, which was a new hybrid method to assure the flow of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and left subclavian artery (LSA). This method was defined as a concomitant chimney stent for LCCA and a Castor single-branched stent graft for the aorta and LSA. The baseline data and intraoperative data were collected to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this method. The patency of the target blood vessel and any associated complications were evaluated at 1 and 6 months postoperatively, to analyze the safety and efficacy of this new method.

Results:

After discharge from the hospital, all patients were followed up by a specific follow-up team. At 6 monthly follow-up period, there were no cardiac events, stroke, hemiplegia, type I endoleak, type II endoleak, proximal stent graft-induced new entries, distal stent graft-induced new entries, wound infection, or bleeding. Only 1 patient developed an inguinal wound hematoma and got conservative treatment. Importantly, no patients developed stenosis or occlusion of the LCCA or LSA. The patency of branched arteries was 100%. The technical success rate was 90%.

Conclusion:

SC-TEVAR appears to be a new and relatively simple, safe, and effective treatment for Z2 aortic diseases.

Clinical Impact

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. A total of 20 patients with zone 2 aortic diseases accepted a new hybrid surgical method named SC-TEVAR. This method was not complicated and could be finished with only 3 peripheral artery exposure. The result showed no mortality, 100% patency of the branch artery, and 90% of technical success in 6 months of follow-up time. SC-TEVAR showed a satisfactory result in this retrospective study and could be promoted as an easy method to treat zone 2 aortic diseases.
Youth-Led Research and the Tensions Between Relational Methodologies and Fast Methods: Learning and Living in the In-Between
Authors: Call-Cummings Meagan , Monea Bethany , Dazzo Giovanni P. , Best Amy L. , Gray Natale , Kalinichenko Oaklen , Khalid Widad , Keller Jeffery , Davis Khaseem
Published: January 2024

Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) has often been characterized as a meaningful way of including young people in research about and for them. Much has been written about the need to develop trusting relationships between adult and youth researchers in this process. These types of research relationships take time to develop authentically and we see a need for that relationship-building time to be built into research designs and timelines. At the same time, in our experience working with the Youth Research Council in Northern Virginia, USA, we have seen youth researchers express desires to use “rapid” research methods, such as hallway interviews, text messaging, speak-back surveys, and video testimonials to gather data from peers. The purpose of this article is to explore these tensions, to uncover the privilege of what have been called slow ontologies, and to offer recommendations for other youth-led research teams.