bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion on the microstructures, mechanical properties and bone mineral compositions of lumbar spines in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Hu Xiaorong , Gong He , Hou Aiqi , Wu Xiaodan , Shi Peipei , Zhang Yingying
Published: May 2022

Background

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) can improve the structure and strength of femur of rats, but the effect of CSII treatment on the lumbar spine of T2D rats is unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CSII on the microstructure, multi-scale mechanical properties and bone mineral composition of the lumbar spine in T2D rats.

Methods

Seventy 6-week-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two batches, each including Control, T2D, CSII and Placebo groups, and the duration of insulin treatment was 4-week and 8-week, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed to take their lumbar spine. Microstructure, bone mineral composition and nanoscopic-mesoscopic-apparentand-macroscopic mechanical properties were evaluated through micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation test, nonlinear finite element analysis and compression test.

Results

It was found that 4 weeks later, T2D significantly decreased trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), nanoscopic-apparent and partial mesoscopic mechanical parameters of lumbar spine (P < 0.05), and significantly increased bone mineral composition parameters of cortical bone (P < 0.05). It was shown that CSII significantly improved nanoscopic-apparent mechanical parameters (P < 0.05). In addition, 8 weeks later, T2D significantly decreased bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and macroscopic mechanical parameters (P < 0.05), and significantly increased bone mineral composition parameters of cancellous bone (P < 0.05). CSII treatment significantly improved partial mesoscopic-macroscopic mechanical parameters and some cortical bone mineral composition parameters (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

CSII treatment can significantly improve the nanoscopic-mesoscopic-apparent-macroscopic mechanical properties of the lumbar spine in T2D rats, as well as the bone structure and bone mineral composition of the lumbar vertebrae, but it will take longer treatment time to restore the normal level. In addition, T2D and CSII treatment affected bone mineral composition of cortical bone earlier than cancellous bone of lumbar spine in rat. Our study can provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment of T2D-related bone diseases.
Caring ability of nursing students pre- and post-internship: a longitudinal study
Authors: Hu Shuang , Chen Jia , Jiang Renzhou , Hu Huiping , Hu Zhonghao , Gao Xiong , Chen Wenjun
Published: May 2022

Background

Nursing students’ internship experiences may significantly impact their caring ability. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of undergraduate nursing students' caring ability pre-and post-internship in China. This study aimed to explore the differences in the caring ability of undergraduate nursing students before and after internship.

Methods

The sample comprised 305 undergraduate nursing students who had undergone internships during 2018–2020 in three hospitals in Changsha, China. Caring Ability Inventory was used to measure and compare nursing students' caring ability before and after internship. Descriptive statistics and paired t-test were employed to analyze data in SPSS software (version 22.0).

Results

A total of 300 students completed the survey (response rate = 98.37%). The overall score of caring ability and scores of cognitive and patience dimensions were higher after internship than before internship (P < 0.05). There was no significant improvement in the courage dimension (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Caring ability of undergraduate nursing students in China was at a low level, their overall caring ability significantly improved after the internship, indicating a positive relationship between internship and caring ability. Nursing educators and clinical nurses should emphasize the importance of caring ability development in internship planning and encourage nursing students to engage more with patients.
Polarized α-synuclein trafficking and transcytosis across brain endothelial cells via Rab7-decorated carriers
Authors: Alam Parvez , Holst Mikkel R. , Lauritsen Line , Nielsen Janni , Nielsen Simone S. E. , Jensen Poul Henning , Brewer Jonathan R. , Otzen Daniel E. , Nielsen Morten S.
Published: May 2022

Parkinson’s disease is mainly caused by aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain. Exchange of α-syn between the brain and peripheral tissues could have important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications, but the trafficking mechanism of α-syn across the blood brain-barrier (BBB) remains unclear. In this study, we therefore investigated uptake and transport mechanisms of α-syn monomers and oligomers across an in vitro BBB model system. Both α-syn monomers and oligomers were internalized by primary brain endothelial cells, with increased restriction of oligomeric over monomeric transport. To enlighten the trafficking route of monomeric α-syn in brain endothelial cells, we investigated co-localization of α-syn and intracellular markers of vesicular transport. Here, we observed the highest colocalization with clathrin, Rab7 and VPS35, suggesting a clathrin-dependent internalization, preferentially followed by a late endosome retromer-connected trafficking pathway. Furthermore, STED microscopy revealed monomeric α-syn trafficking via Rab7-decorated carriers. Knockdown of Caveolin1, VPS35, and Rab7 using siRNA did not affect monomeric α-syn uptake into endothelial cells. However, it significantly reduced transcytosis of monomeric α-syn in the luminal-abluminal direction, suggesting a polarized regulation of monomeric α-syn vesicular transport. Our findings suggest a direct role for Rab7 in polarized trafficking of monomeric α-syn across BBB endothelium, and the potential of Rab7 directed trafficking to constitute a target pathway for new therapeutic strategies against Parkinson’s disease and related synucleinopathies.
A tonsillar location of a malignant schwannoma: a case report
Authors: Boujguenna Imane , Ousehal Hind , Zaroual Atmane , Bouderkaoui Mohamed E. L. , Raji Abdelaziz , Bouyaali Chihab , Ganouni Najat Cherif Idrissi El , Fakhri Anass , Rais Hanane
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Malignant schwannoma is a malignant tumor of differentiation of Schwann cells or perineural cells.

Observation

The patient was a 74-year-old woman with no particular pathological history. She presented swallowing difficulty of solids and odynophagia, evolving for 1 year. Physical examination revealed a budding tumor of the left palatine tonsil without cervical adenopathy. The CT scan confirmed the lesions and the absence of tumor extensions. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the biopsy sample of the tonsil tumor concluded to be a malignant schwannoma. The patient underwent a tonsillectomy with postoperative follow-up.

Discussion

Malignant schwannomas are aggressive tumors. They usually occur in young adults. They mainly affect nerves and soft tissues. Occurrence in the amygdala is rare.

Conclusion

The association of malignant schwannoma of the palatine tonsil and advanced age is rare.
Multiple pathogens and prostate cancer
Authors: Lawson James S. , Glenn Wendy K.
Published: May 2022

Background

The aim of this review is to consider whether multiple pathogens have roles in prostate cancer.

Methods

We have reviewed case control studies in which infectious pathogens in prostate cancer were compared to normal and benign prostate tissues. We also reviewed additional evidence from relevant published articles.

Results

We confirmed that high risk human papilloma viruses are a probable cause of prostate cancer. We judgedEscherichia coli,Cutibacterium acnes,Neisseria gonorrhoea,Herpes simplex, Epstein Barr virus and Mycoplasmas as each having possible but unproven roles in chronic prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer. We judged Cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and the Polyoma viruses as possible but unlikely to have a role in prostate cancer.

Conclusions and actions

The most influential cause of prostate cancer appears to be infection induced chronic inflammation. Given the high prevalence of prostate cancer it is important for action to can be taken without waiting for additional conclusive evidence. These include:

Encouragement of all boys (as well as girls) to have HPV vaccines

The vigorous use of antibiotics to treat all bacterial pathogens identified in the urogenital tract

The use of antiviral medications to control herpes infections

Education about safe sexual practices
The anterior cruciate ligament in murine post-traumatic osteoarthritis: markers and mechanics
Authors: Ramos-Mucci Lorenzo , Elsheikh Ahmed , Keenan Craig , Eliasy Ashkan , D’Aout Kristiaan , Bou-Gharios George , Comerford Eithne , Poulet Blandine
Published: May 2022

Background

Knee joint injuries, common in athletes, have a high risk of developing post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Ligaments, matrix-rich connective tissues, play important mechanical functions stabilising the knee joint, and yet their role post-trauma is not understood. Recent studies have shown that ligament extracellular matrix structure is compromised in the early stages of spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) and PTOA, but it remains unclear how ligament matrix pathology affects ligament mechanical function. In this study, we aim to investigate both structural and mechanical changes in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in a mouse model of knee trauma.

Methods

Knee joints were analysed following non-invasive mechanical loading in male C57BL/6 J mice (10-week-old). Knee joints were analysed for joint space mineralisation to evaluate OA progression, and the ACLs were assessed with histology and mechanical testing.

Results

Joints with PTOA had a 33–46% increase in joint space mineralisation, indicating OA progression. Post-trauma ACLs exhibited extracellular matrix modifications, including COL2 and proteoglycan deposition. Additional changes included cells expressing chondrogenic markers (SOX9 and RUNX2) expanding from the ACL tibial enthesis to the mid-substance. Viscoelastic and mechanical changes in the ACLs from post-trauma knee joints included a 20–21% decrease in tangent modulus at 2 MPa of stress, a decrease in strain rate sensitivity at higher strain rates and an increase in relaxation during stress-relaxation, but no changes to hysteresis and ultimate load to failure were observed.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that ACL pathology and viscoelastic function are compromised in the post-trauma knee joint and reveal an important role of viscoelastic mechanical properties for ligament and potentially knee joint health.
Adenomatoid mesothelioma arising from the diaphragm: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kawabe Kenta , Sato Hiroki , Kitano Akiko , Yoshida Ryuichi , Yasui Kazuya , Umeda Yuzo , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Fuji Tomokazu , Kumano Kenjiro , Takagi Kosei , Kagoura Masaaki , Yagi Takahito , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: May 2022

Background

Adenomatoid mesothelioma is a rare subtype of malignant mesothelioma that can be confused with adenomatoid tumors, which are classified as benign. The clinical features and optimal management of adenomatoid mesothelioma have not been elucidated in the literature. In this report, we present an extremely rare case of adenomatoid mesothelioma that developed on the peritoneal surface of the diaphragm as well as a literature review of adenomatoid mesothelioma in the abdominal cavity.

Case presentation

The patient was a 61-year-old Japanese woman who had undergone resection of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the hand 18 years prior. She was diagnosed with clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma on follow-up chest radiography. Simultaneously, a 20-mm enhancing nodule with slow growth on the right diaphragm was detected on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. She presented no specific clinical symptoms. At this point, the lesion was suspected to be a hypervascular tumor of borderline malignancy, such as a solitary fibrous tumor. After a left upper lobectomy for lung adenocarcinoma, she was referred to our department, and laparoscopic tumor resection was performed. Adenomatoid tumors were also considered based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses, but we made the final diagnosis of adenomatoid mesothelioma using the results of the genetic profile. The patient remains alive, with no recurrence noted 6 months after surgery.

Conclusion

We encountered a valuable case of adenomatoid mesothelioma of peritoneal origin. There are some previously reported cases of adenomatoid mesothelioma and adenomatoid tumors that may need to be recategorized according to the current classification. It is important to accumulate and share new findings to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic status of adenomatoid mesothelioma.
Effect of metformin use on clinical outcomes and serum urate in gout patients with diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Veenstra Frouwke , Verhoef Lise M. , Opdam Merel , den Broeder Alfons A. , Kwok Wing-Yee , Meek Inger L. , van den Ende Cornelia H. M. , Flendrie Marcel , van Herwaarden Noortje
Published: May 2022

Objective

Gout and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) frequently co-exist. The pharmacological effects of metformin may include anti-inflammatory and urate lowering effects. The objective of this study was to test these effects in patients with gout starting uric acid lowering treatment (ULT) in secondary care.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study including patients with gout and DM starting ULT. Differences in the incidence density of gout flares, proportion of patients reaching target sUA in the first six months after starting ULT, and difference in mean allopurinol dose at sUA target were compared between users of metformin and users of other or no anti-diabetic drugs (control group). Correction for confounding was applied.

Results

A total of 307 patients were included, of whom 160 (52.1%) used metformin. The incidence of flares was 1.61 and 1.70 in the first six months for respectively the metformin group and control group. The incidence rate ratio for gout flares was not significant (0.95, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.14). At six months, 62.8% and 54.9% reached target sUA in the metformin and control group respectively, corrected odds ratio of 1.09 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.80). There was no difference in mean allopurinol dose at sUA target 266 mg for metformin users and 236 mg for the control group, difference 30 mg (95% CI − 4.7 to 65.5).

Conclusions

In conclusion we could not confirm a clinically relevant anti-inflammatory or urate lowering effect of metformin in patients starting ULT treatment and receiving usual care flare prophylaxis.
The development and institutional characteristics of China’s built heritage conservation legislation
Authors: Zhang Song
Published: May 2022

The article reviews comprehensively the emergence and development of China’s national legislative system for cultural heritage, with a particular focus on built heritage. It covers the period from the late Qing Dynasty to the present. The antiquity preservation legislation and policies from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China (ROC) era signify the initial emergence of the state-led legislative system for cultural heritage protection and management. The Interim Regulations on the Conservation and Management of Cultural Heritage, passed in 1960, represent the state’s first targeted effort to protect significant historic monuments and sites. The 1982 Cultural Heritage Protection Law (CHPL) established the mechanism for the conservation of Protected Cultural Heritage Sites (PCHS), while the 2008 Regulation on the Conservation of Famous Historic and Cultural Cities, Towns and Villages (RCFHCCTV) defined the principles for the conservation and management of historic cities. China’s current jurisdiction for the conservation of cultural heritage is underpinned by legislation such as the CHPL, the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law (ICHL), and the RCFHCCTV. This article analyses the characteristics of the current state legislative system for built heritage conservation and the challenges and constraints regarding urban conservation. It concludes with strategic guidance for improving the legislation for China’s built heritage conservation in the present era of rapid economic development and urban regeneration.
Meditation and yoga impact on dysmenorrhea (MY-ID): a study protocol
Authors: Nayak Shalini G. , George Dr Linu Sara , Assariparambil Anil Raj , George Anice , Rao Dr Kiranmai S , K Dr Annapoorna , Bhat Dr. Vinutha R , N Dr Ravishankar
Published: May 2022

Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent gynecologic condition affecting women, especially adolescent girls. Among adolescents, associated symptoms of dysmenorrhea impact the general health status, negatively influence the quality of life, resulting in school absenteeism and decreased academic performance. This study protocol was developed to estimate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and evaluate the effectiveness of Meditation and Yoga intervention on dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. In phase I, data will be collected from adolescent girls (N» 5000) aged between 13 and 18 years to estimate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and in the second phase, Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted to evaluate the impact of Meditation and Yoga on dysmenorrhea. From the first phase, those adolescent girls (N=400) with high pain intensity (numerical pain rating scale ≥ 4) from each school, with schools as clusters, will be assigned to the interventional and control arm. The interventional arm will receive the proposed Meditation and Yoga intervention for 12 weeks under supervision and the control arm will continue with standard routine care.  The outcomes such as pain intensity, stress, academic performance, self-efficacy and biomarker levels (Hb, Progesterone, Estrogen, Prostaglandins F2α and E2) will be assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention. Yoga's popularity and medical benefits have grown with the growing interest in alternative and complementary medicine. There is insufficient evidence to support yoga as a treatment for dysmenorrhea symptoms. This research contributes to the evidence on the impact of meditation and yoga on primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls.
GRAPE: genomic relatedness detection pipeline
Authors: Medvedev Alexander , Lebedev Mikhail , Ponomarev Andrew , Kosaretskiy Mikhail , Osipenko Dmitriy , Tischenko Alexander , Kosaretskiy Egor , Wang Hui , Kolobkov Dmitry , Chamberlain-Evans Vitalina , Vakhitov Ruslan , Nikonorov Pavel
Published: May 2022

Classifying the degree of relatedness between pairs of individuals has both scientific and commercial applications. As an example, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) may suffer from high rates of false positive results due to unrecognized population structure. This problem becomes especially relevant with recent increases in large-cohort studies. Accurate relationship classification is also required for genetic linkage analysis to identify disease-associated loci. Additionally, DNA relatives matching service is one of the leading drivers for the direct-to-consumer genetic testing market. Despite the availability of scientific and research information on the methods for determining kinship and the accessibility of relevant tools, the assembly of the pipeline, that stably operates on a real-world genotypic data, requires significant research and development resources. Currently, there is no open source end-to-end solution for relatedness detection in genomic data, that is fast, reliable and accurate for both close and distant degrees of kinship, combines all the necessary processing steps to work on real data, and is ready for production integration. To address this, we developed GRAPE: Genomic RelAtedness detection PipelinE. It combines data preprocessing, identity-by-descent (IBD) segments detection, and accurate relationship estimation. The project uses software development best practices, as well as Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) standards and tools. Pipeline efficiency is demonstrated on both simulated and real-world datasets. GRAPE is available from: https://github.com/genxnetwork/grape.
A data-driven global observatory addressing worldwide challenges through text mining and complex data visualisation
Authors: Costa Joao , Massri M. Besher , Grobelnik Marko , Casals del Busto Ignacio , Weston Dale
Published: May 2022

Observing the world on a global scale can help us understand better the context of problems that engage us all. In this paper, we propose a data-driven global observatory that puts together the different perspectives of media, science, statistics and sensing over heterogeneous data sources and text mining algorithms. We also discuss the implementation of this global observatory in the context of epidemic intelligence, monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and in the context of climate change, with a specific focus on water resource management. We will also discuss the value of this global solution in local contexts and priorities.
Adult Attachment Styles and Psychosocial Health
Authors: Ludwikowska-Świeboda Karolina
Published: May 2022

IntroductionEarly relationship experiences with parents or other important caregivers provide the matrix on which people form subsequent bonds in their lives. An attachment style relates to how people perceive themselves and significant others in terms of the possibility of obtaining support and care in stressful situations. There can be distinguished a secure attachment style and three insecure patterns of bond: preoccupied, dismissing and fearful (or disorganized). Psychosocial functioning of individuals with particular attachment styles is related to mental health in adulthood.PurposeThe aim of this paper is to discuss the relationship between different attachment styles and mental health (in the context of emotional regulation, coping with stress, the quality of interpersonal relationships and the prevalence of mental disorders).The state of knowledgeA secure attachment style is positively related to the mentalization ability and fosters forming more satisfying interpersonal relationships. People with a secure attachment style cope better in stressful situations and are less likely to develop depression and anxiety disorders. People with insecure attachment patterns use less social support as an effective coping strategy. Insecure attachment styles are also a risk factor for depression and anxiety disorders.ConclusionsProfessional support aimed at people characterized by insecure attachment styles is very important in the context of developing the ability to form close and satisfying interpersonal relationships, and in the context of mitigating the symptoms of mental health disorders.
¿Alguna vez te han dicho que las ratas y ratones son más que plagas y reservorios de enfermedades? Por asombroso que parezca, estos animales cumplen roles muy importantes en los ecosistemas y nuestras sociedades.
Authors: Hernández-Canchola Giovani , Colunga-Salas Pablo
Published: May 2022

¿Alguna vez te han dicho que las ratas y ratones son más que plagas y reservorios de enfermedades? Por asombroso que parezca, estos animales cumplen roles muy importantes en los ecosistemas y nuestras sociedades.
Unusual complications of acute frontal rhinosinusitis. Two clinical cases
Authors: Santos Pedro , Almeida João , Carvalho Isabel , Sousa Cecília
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Acute frontal rhinosinusitis is defined as an acute infection of the frontal sinus. Spreading of this infection to surrounding structures is uncommon but, when present, carries significant morbidity and mortality. Description: In this case report, we present two unusual cases of frontal rhinosinusitis complications. Firstly, we describe a case of acute rhinosinusitis with orbital complications caused by a frontoethmoidal osteoma. In the second case, the infection extended to the underlying bone and through the skull causing osteomyelitis and focal meningitis complicated with an abscess. After appropriate treatment, both patients were free of infection at follow-up, without complications. Discussion: In the first case we presented, a frontoethmoidal osteoma gave rise to rhinosinusitis with orbital complications. These benign tumors rarely cause symptoms, but when large enough, sinus outflow can be blocked, making the osteoma clinically relevant. Osteomas can induce frontal rhinosinusitis, giving rise, among other conditions, to the development of orbital complications like periorbital cellulitis or the formation of a periorbital abscess. Diagnosis of osteoma is usually straightforward on computed tomography and surgical treatment is only indicated for large tumors, rapid growth, intracranial or orbitary extension. In the second clinical case, the infection extended to the underlying bone and through the skull causing osteomyelitis and focal meningitis with abscess formation. In this patient, a Draf Type IIa procedure was performed for the frontal abscess drainage, followed by proper antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy. Conclusions: Complications of frontal rhinosinusitis are uncommon but require immediate attention and aggressive treatment to avoid morbidity and mortality. In these cases, our patients were properly treated with good outcomes, avoiding potentially more dangerous complications.
Multi-bump solutions for the magnetic Schrödinger–Poisson system with critical growth
Authors: Ji Chao , Zhang Yongde , Rădulescu Vicenţiu
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we are concerned with the following magnetic Schrödinger–Poisson system

{

−
(
∇
+
i
A
(
x
)

)

2

u
+
(
λ
V
(
x
)
+
1
)
u
+
ϕ
u
=
α
f
(

|
u
|

2

)
u
+
|
u

|

4

u
,

 in 

R

3

,

−
Δ
ϕ
=

u

2

,

 in 

R

3

,

where
λ
>
0
is a parameter,
f
is a subcritical nonlinearity, the potential
V
:

R

3

→

R

is a continuous function verifying some conditions, the magnetic potential
A
∈

L

l
o
c

2

(

R

3

,

R

3

)

. Assuming that the zero set of
V
(
x
)
has several isolated connected components

Ω

1

,
…
,

Ω

k

such that the interior of

Ω

j

is non-empty and
∂

Ω

j

is smooth, where
j
∈

{

1
,
…
,
k

}

, then for
λ
>
0
large enough, we use the variational methods to show that the above system has at least

2

k

−
1
multi-bump solutions.
Pemanfaatan Skewness dan Kurtosis dalam Menentukan Harga Opsi Beli Asia
Authors: Muhamad Rashif Hilmi  , Devi Nurtiyasari  , Angga Syahputra
Published: May 2022

Opsi Asia adalah opsi dimana besar perhitungan keuntungannya menggunakan rata-rata harga aset selama periode kontrak. Penentuan harga Opsi Asia yang umum digunakan adalah dengan metode Black-Scholes. Metode Black-Scholes mempunyai beberapa syarat yang harus terpenuhi, salah satunya adalah logaritma dari rata-rata harga aset berdistribusi normal atau nilai skewness dan kurtosis tidak normal. Dalam aplikasinya, sangat sedikit kasus dimana syarat ini terpenuhi . Salah satu solusi dari permasalahan ini adalah memasukkan nilai skewness dan kurtosis kedalam model. Model ini menggunakan ekspansi Gram-Charlier untuk menambahkan nilai skewness dan kurtosis kepada rumus Black-Scholes. Harga Opsi Asia yang diperoleh adalah harga opsi Asia metode Black-Scholes ditambah dengan persamaan yang berhubungan dengan skewness dan kurtosis yang tidak normal. Dalam studi kasus dilakukan perbandingan harga Opsi Asia metode Black-Scholes dengan ekspansi Gram-Charlier dimana data yang digunakan adalah data simulasi dan diperoleh kesimpulan nilai skewness dan kurtosis dapat mempengaruhi harga Opsi beli Asia dengan Metode Black-Scholes.
Investigation on the Effect of Cable Length on Pulse Shape of High Voltage High Pulse Power Supply
Authors: Rai Krishna Kumar , Giridhar A.V. , Jahagirdhar D.R. , Rai Ashish , Paul Akash Kumar
Published: May 2022

In the present scenario of pulse power applications, transmission of high voltage pulses varies as per load condition. In the early days of its application, High Voltage High Pulse Power Supply (HVHPPS) design saw short distance between load and source, where the effect of cable length was not taken into account for design. This paper presents the effect of cable length on pulse shape of High Voltage High Pulse Power Supply. The load under observation is Klystron based high energy particle accelerator system. The performance of pulse power systems were observed continuously on a daily basis throughout the year and detailed analysis was carried out. This paper generates the model of pulse forming system and provides details of pattern distortion of the pulse shape due to various dynamic parameter changes i.e. impedance, Load Voltage, Load Current, Cavity Dimensional Changes (Microwave components) due to temperature variations and performance of the power supply. The results were analysed and validated with hardware results across a range of actual industrial loads.
Identification DNA Methylation Change of ABCC8 Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as Predictive Biomarkers
Authors: Smail Harem O. , Mohamad Dlnya A.
Published: May 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic endocrine disorder that affecting 5%–10% of adults globally. Recently, the disease has rapidly spread throughout the Kurdistan Region. This study investigates DNA methylation status in the ABCC8 gene among the study population, and it possibly used as a biomarker. One hundred and thirteen individuals were included in this study, and they were divided into three categories (47 diabetes, 36 prediabetic, and 30 controls). Blood samples were collected to investigate DNA methylation status in patients who attended private clinical sectors in Koya city, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, between August and December 2021. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) uses paired primers for each methylated and unmethylated region. In addition, the X2 Kruskal–Wallis statistical and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were run with a significance level of p 0.05. In comparison to the healthy group, hypermethylation of DNA is detected in the promoter region of diabetes and prediabetes. In addition, age, gender, BMI, alcohol use, family history, and physical activity all influence the degree of DNA methylation in people who have had coronavirus illness. The abovementioned findings suggest that DNA methylation alterations in the ABCC8 promoter region might be exploited as a possible predictive biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis.
Studi Konsentrasi Logam Berat (Pb dan Cu) dari Sumber Lokasi Pertambangan di Perairan Tanah Merah, Bangka Tengah
Authors: Yusuf Muh , Adibrata Sudirman , Irvani Irvani , Pamungkas Aditya , Hudatwi Mu’alimah
Published: May 2022

Banyaknya aktivitas penambangan timah di Bangka Belitung menyebabkan pencemar logam berat terakumulasi ke badan perairan, salah satunya adalah kegiatan penambangan timah di perairan Tanah Merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April - November 2019 di Pantai Tanah Merah Kabupaten Bangka Tengah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui konsentrasi polutan logam berat (Pb dan Cu) di perairan tersebut. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling dan melakukan analisis logam berat (Pb dan Cu) serta pemodelan menggunakan MIKE21 untuk mengetahui persebarannya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model sebaran polutan logam berat sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi arus yang dominan berupa arus pasang surut. Model sebaran Pb dan Cu di perairan terkonsentrasi di area sumber pencemar yang telah berada di atas baku mutu air laut dan semakin kecil menjauhi sumber lokasi pertambangan sesuai dengan arah arus perairan. Pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa jarak sebaran terjauh dan arah dari polutan logam berat (Pb dan Cu) di perairan, masing-masing sebesar 7,51 mil (12.086 meter); 6,17 mil (9.929 meter) dengan waktu tempuh 68 dan 62 hari dan arah polutan 330oU. Pola sebaran logam berat yang sangat luas ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktifitas pertambangan tidak direkomendasikan pada lokasi yang berdekatan dengan fishing ground  karena efek sebaran logam berat yang berbahaya akan terakumulasi pada biota bahkan ekosistem perairan.   The large number of tin mining activities in Bangka Belitung causes heavy metal pollutants to accumulate in water bodies, one of which is tin mining activities in Tanah Merah waters. The research was conducted in April-November 2019 at Tanah Merah Beach, Central Bangka Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of heavy metal pollutants (Pb and Cu) in these water. The research method was carried out by purposive sampling and conducting heavy metal analysis (Pb and Cu) and modeling using MIKE21 to determine the distribution. The results show that the heavy metal pollutant distribution model is strongly influenced by the dominant current conditions in the form of tidal currents. The Pb and Cu distribution model in the waters is concentrated in the pollutant source area that is above the seawater quality standard and is getting smaller away from the source following the direction of the water flow. Modeling shows that the farthest distribution distance and direction of heavy metal pollutants (Pb and Cu) in the water are 7.51 miles (12.086meter) respectively; 6.17 miles (9,929meter) with a travel time of 68 and 62 days and a direction of pollutants of 330o U. This very wide distribution pattern of heavy metals indicates that mining activities are not recommended in locations close to the fishing ground because the effects of dangerous heavy metal distribution will accumulate. in biota and even aquatic ecosystems.
60Co gamma ray induced mutants of cowpea and assessment of genetic variability by SCoT marker
Authors: Sankar Vanmathi , Dhanarajan Arulbalachandran , Gurunathan Selvakumar , Elangovan Dilipan
Published: May 2022

Mutagenesis is a well-known technique for introducing new variants into crop plants. In the present study, M2 populations were generated in the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) variety CO7 using gamma irradiation. The M2 progeny were used to investigate the effectiveness of the gamma irradiation doses and examined for the agronomic traits. The genomic variation present in the mutants and their parents was analysed using five SCoT markers. Marker analysis revealed a total of 87 amplicons and among these, 20 amplicons showed polymorphism. The highest numbers of amplicons were observed at SCoT10 (39), while the lowest number of amplicons was produced by SCoT09 (07). The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 18.18% to 28.57%, with an average of 21.12%. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.197 to 0.345. Analysis of Molecular Variation (AMOVA) showed 12% and 88% between the genotypes and within the genotypes respectively. The constructions of 4 clusters were identified through Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) dendrogram tree based on the genetic distance deduced from SCoT marker analysis. Analysis of the genetic relatedness between parent and mutants through Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed two main groups. The present study concludes that the genetic variability induced by gamma irradiation and inherited in the next generations. This research investigation supports that gamma irradiation alters the growth and yield traits, which is helpful for generating the cowpea improvement.
Novel heterozygous FOXN1 mutation identified following newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency is associated with improving immune parameters
Authors: Abrego Fuentes Laura Edith , Garkaby Jenny , Willett Pachul Jessica , Watts-Dickens Abby , Fraser Meghan , Kim Vy H.D. , Roifman Chaim M.
Published: May 2022

Background: Forkhead-box protein N1 (FOXN1) plays a critical role in the proper development and function of thymic epithelial cells, required for T cell ontogeny. Homozygous variants in the FOXN1 gene, encoding FOXN1, cause severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), whereas heterozygous mutations are associated with variable presentations and over time, improving T cell function.

Aim: To highlight the importance of broader genetic investigations to attain a definitive molecular diagnosis following abnormal newborn screening for SCID.

Methods: Case report of a patient with immunodeficiency due to a novel de novo FOXN1 mutation.

Results: The patient was identified following abnormal newborn screening for SCID in which T cell receptor excision circles were absent/very low. Initial immune investigations revealed severe T cell lymphopenia and poor lymphocyte function and she was diagnosed with T-B+NK+SCID. During work-up for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, extensive genetic investigations identified a novel heterozygous mutation in FOXN1. A more conservative management approach was taken, and over the following months, the patient’s immune parameters improved.

Conclusion: Newborn screening for SCID has facilitated the detection of SCID, as well as other T cell immunodeficiencies, before infectious complications and organ damage occur. Heterozygous mutations in FOXN1 are associated with more variable presentations including improving immune indices with age. Here, results of genetic investigations were essential for informing the management of this case.

Statement of Novelty: We report a novel heterozygous mutation in FOXN1, presenting initially as T-B+NK+ SCID with gradual improvement of immune parameters over time.
Toward long-live ceramic on ceramic hip joints: In vitro investigation of squeaking of coated hip joint with layer-by-layer reinforced PVA coatings
Authors: Almomani Mohammed A. , Fares Mohammad M. , Almesidieen Elham M.
Published: May 2022

This study attempts to find a promising solution for the squeaking of ceramic on ceramic (COC) bearing surfaces by introducing reinforced poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) layer-by-layer coatings on the bearing surface of Stryker Trident femoral head. A customized hip simulator was established to provide a realistic simulation of the normal gait (flexion–extension) of the hip joint, and to examine squeaking for coated and uncoated femoral heads. Different characterization techniques were employed to study the coatings’ structure. The PVA macromolecules were successfully cross-linked via epichlorohydrin agent, and chemically bonded onto the surface, forming a superior reinforced PVA coating on the femoral head’s surface. These coatings play a dominant role in increasing the pre-squeaking age of the hip joint due to reduction in hard-on-hard contact and femoral head liner clearance with their good viscoelastic properties. Which cause, damping friction-induced vibrations. This improvement resembles novel-type, long-life, and stable hip joint biomaterials with distinguished and promising pre-squeaking age.
Shift invariance and reflexivity of compressions of multiplication operators
Authors: Câmara M. Cristina , Kliś-Garlicka Kamila , Łanucha Bartosz , Ptak Marek
Published: May 2022

The properties of being shift invariant and being reflexive or transitive in the case of the space of (asymmetric) truncated Toeplitz operators, and the space of (asymmetric) dual truncated operators are investigated. Most of the results obtained are new even for the symmetric case. A characterization of asymmetric dual truncated Toeplitz operators is also given.
Standardization and Interoperability of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) for Disaster Management
Authors: DeVito Marco J. , Wood Erik , Frazier Tim
Published: May 2022

There are many recognized use cases for small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) in emergency and disaster management, but there are obstacles to the full realization of this technology’s potential. More stringent training and certification requirements for public safety use of sUAS is a crucial step in achieving standardization of operations, a common operational picture, interoperability, increased airspace safety, and public acceptance. The purpose of this study is to move toward standards for public safety sUAS pilot training requirements. This research employs a mixed methods approach to investigate the current state of training requirements and trends in public safety sUAS programs. This included a review of the relevant literature, an analysis of survey data, and a combination of structured and semi-structured interviews. While the literature clearly shows many sUAS emergency management applications, it also identifies dangers that must be mitigated. Synthesizing the literature findings with the survey and interview data resulted in four categories of possible sUAS training standard recommendations: progressive levels of certification, flight time minimums, task-focused practical training, and proficiency demonstrations. These recommendations have both national and international applicability.
Stability for the electromagnetic inverse source problem in inhomogeneous media
Authors: Zhao Yue
Published: May 2022

This paper is concerned with the stability of the inverse source problem for Maxwell’s equations in an inhomogeneous background medium. We show that the stability estimate consists of the Lipschitz-type data discrepancy and the high frequency tail of the source function, where the latter decreases as the upper bound of the frequency increases. The analysis employs scattering theory to obtain the holomorphic domain and an upper bound for the resolvent of the elliptic operator.
Direct and inverse problems for time-fractional heat equation generated by Dunkl operator
Authors: Bekbolat Bayan , Serikbaev Daurenbek , Tokmagambetov Niyaz
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we study non–local in time evolution type equations generated by the Dunkl operator. Direct and inverse problems are investigated with the Caputo time-fractional heat equation with the parameter

0
<
γ
≤
1

{0<\gamma\leq 1}

. In particular, well-posedness properties are established for the forward problem. To adopt techniques of the harmonic analysis, we solve the problems in the Sobolev type spaces associated with the Dunkl operator. Our special interest is an inverse source problem for the Caputo–Dunkl heat equation. As additional data, the final time measurement is taken. Since our inverse source problem is ill-posed, we also show the stability result. Moreover, as an advantage of our calculus used here, we derive explicit formulas for the solutions of the direct and inverse problems.
Randomized Monte Carlo algorithms for matrix iterations and solving large systems of linear equations
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K.
Published: May 2022

Randomized scalable vector algorithms for calculation of
matrix iterations and solving extremely large linear algebraic equations
are developed. Among applications presented in this paper are randomized
iterative methods for large linear systems of algebraic equations governed by M-matrices.
The crucial idea of the randomized method
is that the iterations are performed by sampling random columns only, thus avoiding not only matrix-matrix but also matrix-vector multiplications. The suggested vector randomized methods are highly efficient for solving linear equations of
high dimension, the computational cost depends only linearly on the dimension.
Ein Stück Heimat? Hans Mayers ambivalente Sicht auf Israel
Authors: Hermes Stefan
Published: May 2022

Hans Mayer (1907–2001), one of the most eminent literary critics and public intellectuals in post-war Germany, visited Israel four times between 1968 and 1995. This article aims to reconstruct the key elements of Mayer’s ambivalent (albeit mainly positive) perception of Israeli society and culture as it is documented in his travelogue Reisen nach Jerusalem from 1997 and several further texts. However, Mayer’s view on Israel can only be understood adequately by also considering his situation as a non-religious Jew and Shoah survivor in Germany.
Multiple rogue wave solutions of a generalized (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev--Petviashvili equation
Authors: Li Kun-Qiong
Published: May 2022

Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation is used for describing the long water wave and small amplitude surface wave with weak nonlinearity, weak dispersion, and weak perturbation in fluid mechanics. Based on the modified symbolic computation approach, the multiple rogue wave solutions of a generalized (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation are investigated. When the variable coefficient selects different functions, the dynamic properties of the derived solutions are displayed and analyzed by different three-dimensional graphics and contour graphics.
Fabrication, characterization, and performance of poly (aryl ether nitrile) flat sheet ultrafiltration membranes with polyvinyl pyrrolidone as additives
Authors: Lu Zhaohui
Published: May 2022

Poly(aryl ether nitrile) (PEN) was used to fabricate ultrafiltration membrane via immersion precipitation phase inversion method. The effects of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) of different molecular weights and concentrations on the structure and performance of PEN membranes were investigated. The membranes were observed by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, equilibrium water content (EWC), porosity (ε), and so on. The membranes were subjected to ultrafiltration characterizations such as pure water flux (PWF), compaction factor (CF), hydraulic permeability (P
m), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate. The hydrophilicity was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and contact angle tests. Results showed that molecular weight of PVP had significant effect on PEN membrane formation, which the membrane prepared by PVP-k30 exhibited excellent comprehensive performance. Meanwhile, the concentration of PVP-k30 could effectively control the select-permeability of PEN membrane. With PVP-k30 concentration increased from 7 to 13 wt%, the prepared PEN membranes got higher EWC, ε, CF, and P
m. The PWF increased from 146.5 to 249.1 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, while the overall rejection of BSA remained above 90%. Further increasing the addition amount to 16 wt%, the membrane performance began to decline. Finally, the addition of PVP-k30 could effectively improve the hydrophilicity of prepared PEN membrane surface.
Stochastic maximum principle for optimal control problem under G-expectation utility
Authors: Dassa Meriyam , Chala Adel
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we are concerned with an optimal control problem where the
system is driven by a G-stochastic differential equation, where an admissible
set of controls is convex. We establish necessary as well as sufficient
optimality conditions for this model. At the end of this work, we illustrate
our main result by giving an example that deals with the linear-quadratic problem.
On parameter estimation of fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Farah Fatima-Ezzahra
Published: May 2022

We consider a problem of parameter estimation for the fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model given by the stochastic differential equation

d
⁢

X
t

=

-

θ
⁢

X
t

⁢
d
⁢
t

+

d
⁢

B
t
H

{dX_{t}=-\theta X_{t}dt+dB_{t}^{H}}

,

t
≥
0

{t\geq 0}

, where

θ
>
0

{\theta>0}

is an unknown parameter to be estimated and

B
H

{B^{H}}

is a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter

H
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{H\in(0,1)}

. We provide an estimator for θ, and then we study its strong consistency and asymptotic normality. The main tool in our proofs is the paper
[I. Nourdin, D. Nualart and G. Peccati,
The Breuer–Major theorem in total variation: Improved rates under minimal regularity,
Stochastic Process. Appl. 131 2021, 1–20].