bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Different Doses of Tank-mixed Herbicides on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity of Soybean
Authors: Fallah-Tafty Sina , Lak Shahram , Mojaddam Mani , Naderi Ahmad , Abdollahian-Noghabi Mohammad
Published: July 2020

Background: Herbicide plays the main role in guaranteeing the quantity and quality of food. Soybean reactive oxygen species scavenging system eliminates the herbicides’ side effects on the plant by activating antioxidant enzymes, which affects the yield. So, we investigated this procedure to reveal the effect of herbicides on food production.
Methods: Experiments were carried out in two locations of Alborz province in 2014 during the growing seasons. Seven different tank-mixed herbicides were produced by mixing one triple mixture of imazethapyr+bentazon+sethoxydim active ingredient, three double mixture of imazethapyr+bentazon, imazethapyr+sethoxydim, and bentazon+sethoxydim, as well as single usage of imazethapyr, bentazon, and sethoxydim. Reduced herbicide rates were 100, 60, and 30% of the recommended dosage inducing soybean plots through leaf expanding phase.
Results: Both herbicides and their reduced rates changed soybean yields through antioxidant enzymes’ activity. Maximum soybean yield was registered at tank-mixed imazethapyr+bentazom+ sethoxydim which were induced at 33, 320, and 125 g active ingredient/hectare, respectively. The minimum activity of enzymes (superoxide dismutase 3.9 international unit) was also demonstrated in this research. Our data showed that when the herbicide rate was reduced from 100% to 30%, as a result, the label recommended soybean yield was reduced by just 17%, while superoxide dismutase activity was reduced too. The minimum yield was 1.2 ton/hectare of sethoxydim with 225 g active ingredient/hectare.
Conclusion: Antioxidant enzymes were promoted to maximum activity by increasing the herbicide rate for scavenging the herbicide side effects. Tank-mixed herbicides, with reduced herbicide rates can eliminate poison residue in the environment and food chain while increasing weed control.
Evaluation of Aminoglycosides Consumption in Open Heart Surgery Based on the Defined Daily Dose Index
Authors: Gholizadeh Shirdarreh Golpar , Eslami Gohar , Soleimani Aria , Salehifa Ebrahim
Published: July 2020

Background: Resistance to antibiotics, including aminoglycosides  (AMG) is one of the problems associated with inappropriate administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical features of aminoglycosides consumption based on the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) index in open heart surgery.
Methods: This study was done on 268 patients who underwent heart surgery during 2015 and 2016. Clinical and demographic characteristics, laboratory data, and aminoglycoside-related data such as dose and the total duration of administration were collected through a questionnaire designed by the authors. The patients’ DDD/100 bed-days were calculated, too.
Results: Out of 268 patients, 170 patients (63.4%) were male. The Mean±SD age of the patients was 60.65±10.71 years and the Mean±SD duration of hospitalization was 12.19±7.02 days. Ischemic heart disease was the most prevalent cause of hospitalization. The Mean duration of receiving aminoglycosides was 3.61 days. In 134 patients (50%), creatinine clearance was less than 60 mL/min during aminoglycosides administration. In 25 patients (9.32%), a 50% increase in serum creatinine during receiving aminoglycosides was observed. Creatinine clearance had not been calculated for any patient.
Conclusion: In this study, monitoring the side effects of aminoglycosides and the serum concentration was not routinely performed. Dose adjustment of aminoglycosides based on renal function test was not considered in a large number of patients and as a result, the dose was inappropriate in many patients. Therefore, it is recommended that the guidelines of drug usage were followed and the patients were monitored more closely for side effects.
Effects of Kombucha Tea on Side Effects of High Cholesterol Diet in Rabbits
Authors: Doudi Monir , Hooshmandi Zahra , Saedi Somayeh , Setorki Mahbubeh
Published: July 2020

Background: This research aimed to assess the effect of kombucha tea on reducing cholesterol (HCH) uptake and ameliorating biochemical and physiological side effects of high cholesterol diets. 
Objectives: The aim of this research was evaluate the effectiveness of Kombucha tea in reducing cholesterol uptake as well as pathological and immunological side effects  from high cholesterol diets in Rabbit. 
Methods: A total of 32 rabbits were assigned into four groups: 1. Control, fed with standard pellets; 2. HCh+St, fed with high cholesterol diet; 3. HCh+Kom, fed with high cholesterol diet and orally received kombucha beverage; and 4. Kom+St, orally received kombucha beverage along with standard diet. Then, the blood Cholesterol (CHO), Triglycerides (TG), Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL), Malondialdehyde (MDA), ferritin, Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and liver enzymes (alanine transaminase [ALT], and aspartate transaminase [ AST]), as well as liver histopathological features, were evaluated in all groups.
Results: CHO and TG showed the highest level in the blood of the HCh+St group, whereas those gavaged with HCh+Kom displayed no change in TG and LDL. Conversely, the HCh+Kom group showed a significant increase in HDL when compared with HCh+St and Kom+St groups. MDA ferritin and CPK in the Kom+St group was significantly higher than the other groups, followed by HCh+Kom. No significant difference was observed in the values of IL-1 and IL-6 as well as ALT and AST between the experimental groups and the control group. Histopathological observations of the liver tissues revealed foam cells with an acidophilic appearance in the HCh+St group and hyperemia in the sinusoid of HCh+Kom and Kom+St groups. Degradation in pancreatic acini was observed in the HCh+St rabbits. 
Conclusion: The data suggest that kombucha consumption is effective in preventing problems caused by high cholesterol diets.
Respuesta cíclica endometrial a la administración prolongada de estrógenos
Authors: Di Paola Guillermo
Published: July 2020

El estudio de la histofisiología de la menstruación ha sido realizado en forma exhaustiva, existiendo acuerdo general acerca de las trasformaciones cíclicas del endometrio, su disgregación y reparación consecutivas.
Disgerminoma: actualización del tema y presentación de cinco casos
Authors: Villarreal Mejía Jorge
Published: July 2020

El disgerminoma es un tumor ovárico epitelial maligno, compuesto por células grandes vesiculares típicas, las cuales son morfológica e histoquímicamente iguales a las células germinales primordiales de la gónada embrionaria sexualmente indiferenciada (11).
Complicaciones de la terapia gonadotrópica
Authors: Del Corral Fernando , Erazo José Vicente , Artuz Antonio , Salcedo Carlos A.
Published: July 2020

La terapia gonadotrópica en la mujer, se ha usado desde hace mucho tiempo en los países, europeos, poco en los Estados Unidos y menos aún en nuestro medio. A pesar de la imitación de sus indicaciones, esta medida terapéutica se ha hecho necesaria en el tratamiento de amenorreas hipogonadotrópicas, así como también en la eugonadotrópicas refractarias a otro tipo de terapia. En la misma forma se ha usado como inductora de ovulación en ciclos monofásicos.
Comportamiento de Alnus nepalensis D. Don en asocio con tres especies forestales Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) S.F.Blaque, Swietenia macrophylla King, y Cordia alliodora Ruiz & Pav. bajo sistema agroforestal
Authors: Vallejos Hugo , Añazco Mario , Vizcaíno María , Paredes Hugo , Ruiz Jonathan
Published: July 2020

La disminución de las fuentes que proveen madera enel Ecuador como son los bosques naturales, se estánreduciendo y con ello se hace necesario encontrar nuevase innovadoras alternativas para el manejo silviculturalde especies forestales. Las tecnologías agroforestalesofrecen una producción sostenible de bienes y serviciosentre estos productos madereros. El objetivo de lapresente investigación fue estudiar el comportamientode las especies forestales Alnus nepalensis, Schizolobiumparahyba, Swietenia macrophylla y Cordia alliodora enasocio con tres especies frutales perennes: Citrus lemon,Citrus aurantifolia y Annona muricata, bajo un arregloagrosilvícola. El estudio se realizó en la comunidadSanta Marianita de Caliche, cantón Mira, provincia delCarchi. El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloquesalzar con tres repeticiones, se estableció el ensayo enhileras intercaladas entre especies forestales y frutales;se realizaron evaluaciones mensuales de las variables:sobrevivencia, altura, diámetro basal y se determinó elincremento corriente anual (ICA). La información seanalizó utilizando estadística descriptiva, prueba de t deStudent, frecuencias, regresión y correlación. Las variablesanalizadas se consideran en su mayoría homogéneas contendencia a distribución normal; los coeficientes r y r2permiten inferir que las especies presentan un crecimientoproporcional. En sobrevivencia, crecimiento en altura,diámetro basal e incremento corriente anual A. nepalensispresenta los mejores resultados. A partir de la prueba det de Student se determinó que el comportamiento delas cuatro especies forestales es estadísticamente muydiferente, sin embargo, existiendo diferencias en lastasas de crecimiento se evidencia que las cuatro especiesforestales presentan una tendencia de crecimiento lineal.
مفهوم المثل السائر وخصائصه وما يشابهه من المصطلحات عند العرب MAFHUM AL-MATSAL AS-SA’IR WA KHASHAISHIHI WA MA YUSYABIHUHU MIN AL-MUSHTHALAHAT ‘INDA AL-‘ARAB
Authors: Jumahalaso Salih Muhammad
Published: July 2020

تتركز هذه المقالة على تحديد مفهوم الكلمة «المثل» ومشتقاتها المختلفة في المعاجم العربية وفي التعبيرات القرآنية، وتمعن النظر فيما للكلمة من المدلولات المتباينة كالمثل الخرافي/الفرضي، والمثل القرآني والمثل السائر، وتدرس بصفة خاصة مفهوم «المثل السائر» وما يشابهه من العبارات العربية والمصطلحات الأدبية والبلاغية كالحكمة والتشبيه والمجاز وغيره، وذلك لبيان ما بين المثل السائر وبين هذه المصطلحات من الائتلاف والاختلاف، وأهم خصائص المثل السائر وأسرار استعماله مما تتناول المقالة، وذلك لكسب المفهوم الصحيح للمثل السائر ولزيادة الاهتمام به ودراسته. ومما توصلت إليها المقالة من النتائج أن إطلاق اللفظة «المثل» مجردا لا تظهر المقصود منها إلا بإضافة صفة إليها فيقال المثل الفرضي أو المثل السائر، وأنه لا يسمى مثلا سائرا إلا ما يكون سائرا بين الناس من التعبير، وأن المثل السائر يستعمل لتشبيه بين حالين: «المورد والمضرب». وقد نسج الباحث في جمع المعلومات وتحليلها على منوال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي كما استعان بالاستبانات المعبئة الالكترونية والورقية. وأخيرا اختمت المقالة بعدد من الاقتراحات والتوصيات التي تمت الصلة بفهوم المثل واسستعمالاته.This paper focuses on explaining the concept of the Arabic word “almatsal” and it’s various derivatives in the Arabic lexicology and Qur’anic expressions.It equally explains different usage of the word (Almathal) as Almatha alkhurafi (legendary proverb) almathal alQur’ani (Quranic proverb) etc. The paper particularly concentrates on what is known as “almatsal as-sair” (Common Proverb) and other related literary and rhetoric terms such as idiomatic/wisdom expression, simile, figure of speech etc, in order to distinguish and make clarification of similarities and dissimilarities among them, characteristics of the said proverb were also discussed. Some of the findings of the paper include: the term “almatsal” has several meanings and usage pending on adjective attached to it, alMathel as-sair can only be used for a common expression and that it is for comparing two different instances (almawrid: where the statement is made for the first time and almadrab: (where the statement is quoted). The researcher followed a descriptive analytical method, and administered both electronic and paper-based questionnaires. The article concluded with a number of suggestions and recommendations.
DIDAKTIČKI ASPEKT REALIZACIJE OBRAZOVANJA ZA ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ U KURIKULUMIMA SAVREMENE ŠKOLE
Authors: Вукић Тамара , Јовановић Марија
Published: July 2020

U radu će biti predstavljen koncept održivog razvoja u kontekstu obrazovanja i dat prikaz obrazovanja za održivi razvoj u obrazovnim sistemima Srbije, Crne Gore i Hrvatske kroz komparativnu perspektivu izbornog programa Obrazovanje za održivi razvoj (Srbija), međupredmetne oblasti Obrazovanje za održivi razvoj (Crna Gora) i međupredmetne teme Održivi razvoj (Hrvatska). Kao kriterijumi komparativne analize korišćena su didaktička obeležja realizacije analiziranih programa: nastavne teme i sadržaji; načini realizacije s naglaskom na metode, tehnike i modele rada; uloga nastavnika i načini evaluacije učeničkih postignuća. Rezultati sprovedene analize ukazuju na značajne sličnosti ali i razlike u didaktičkim aspektima realizacije obrazovanja za održivi razvoj u Srbiji, Crnoj Gori i Hrvatskoj. Utvrđene sličnosti odnose se na način realizacije koji je usmeren na iskustveno učenje i aktivistički i stvaralački pristup učenika kao i ulogu nastavnika koja je prevashodno moderatorska, instruktivna i pomagačka. Najizraženije razlike u didaktičkom aspektu obrazovanja za održivi razvoj analiziranih školskih sistema predstavljaju jednodimenzionalnost nastavnih sadržaja u sagledavanju ovog koncepta u Srbiji, koju takođe, u odnosu na susedne zemlje, karakteriše nedovoljna specifikacija načina ocenjivanja učenika u ovoj oblasti.
Spatio-Statistical Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Distribution, Anomaly and Trend in Nigeria
Authors: Adeleke Elisha Ademola , Orebayo Eniola Aminat
Published: July 2020

This study aims to examine the variability of rainfall and temperature based on spatio-statistical analysis. Data for the study was gotten from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency and subjected to statistical analysis using mean, standard deviation, time series analysis, t-test and correlation. The results of the study revealed that the mean rainfall in the area is 108.6 mm, mean temperature is 28o C and mean sunshine is 4.7 hours. The result further revealed that mean onset date in the state is 13th march, mean cessation date is 10th October while the mean length of rainy season is 223 days. The result also showed that rainfall anomaly index in the area ranged between -2.12 and 2.28 while temperature anomaly ranged between -2.31 and 1.73.  The correlation coefficient showed that cessation (0.408) and Length of rainy season (0.406) is significantly related to rainfall, sunshine hours (0.380) and Average temperature (0.867) is significantly related to minimum temperature, sunshine hours (-0.389) and average temperature (0.749) is significantly related to maximum temperature while onset (-0.642) and cessation (0.509) is significantly related to length of rainy season. However,there is a significant difference in onset dates, cessation dates and length of rainy season in the area. The area is experiencing a significant increase in temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours and recommends that more tress should be planted in the area and Nigerian meteorological agency should also inform farmers about the onset of the rains so as to help the farmers prepare for the planting season.

Keywords: Climate; Rainfall; Anomaly; Temperature; Cessation; Onset

 

Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember

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STUDI KOMPARATIF USAHATANI PADI SEMI ORGANIK DAN KONVENSIONAL DI DESA WATUKEBO KECAMATAN BLIMBINGSARI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Domiah Ani , Januar Jani
Published: July 2020

The rising of semi-organic rice farming in Watukebo Village is due to the doubthness in implementing the semi-organic system. Semi-organic rice farm system require considerable cost savings compared to conventional rice and in the short-term, semi-organic rice production will generally decline. The study was conducted in the Watukebo Village Banyuwangi Regency intentionally. The sample are taken by using total sampling method for semi-organic rice farmers and quota sampling technique for conventional rice farmers. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The Tools of analysis data used are income analysis, R/C ratio analysis, and Cobb-Douglas production function analysis. The results showed that : (1) there was no significant difference between the average income of semi-organic rice farmers and conventional rice farmers, (2) there was no significant difference between the average of cost efficiency of semi-organic rice farming with conventional rice farmers in Watukebo of Blimbingsari, and (3) factors that influence the production of semi organic rice significantly are land area, organic fertilizer, and urea fertilizer. Factors affecting the conventional rice production significantly are the number of seeds and labors.
DAMPAK PENETAPAN HARGA ECERAN TERTINGGI TERHADAP HARGA DAN KETERSEDIAAN BERAS DI TINGKAT PEDAGANG PASAR TRADISIONAL SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Thirtawati Thirtawati , Aryani Desy , Sufri Marwan
Published: July 2020

Highest Retail Price (HRP) of rice is a price policy implemented by the government to maintain price stability, certainty, and affordability so there is no excessive increase. This study analyzes how traders apply and understand the HRP; analyzes changes in price, quality, trademark, volume of buying and selling rice at the trader level in traditional markets and how the effectiveness of HRP determination of medium and premium rice. Research respondents were 12 traditional market rice traders from four regions in South Sumatra, namely Palembang City and Prabumulih representing consumer regions and OKI and Muara Enim Regencies representing producer regions. The results showed that not all traders knew and agreed with the policy of HRP determination. Determination of HRP causes a change in the price and quality of rice sold where the proportion of premium rice sales becomes greater than before, while for trademarks there is no change, but there is additional information of the type of rice (medium or premium) on rice packaging. Based on the calculation results, it appears that the average effectiveness of medium rice is 1,028 after the determination of HRP so that it is considered ineffective, while the average effectiveness of premium rice is 0.920 (effective).
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS PENERAPAN PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERPADU (PPHT) SKALA KAWASAN PADA TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L) DI PADEMAWU BARAT, PAMEKASAN
Authors: Sholeh Mohammad Shoimus , Ningsih Kustiawati , Susilawati Henny
Published: July 2020

The application of management integrated pest scale area is a solution in the problems of organisms bully plant scale area and the management of synergism strategy pest by farmers in the same region so contribute real measurable against the program of farming production rice. The application of management integrated plant scale must be efficient area technically in order to get rice production maximum. The farmer can improve production and rice productivity by using the production factors efficiently. The objectives of the research are analyze the production factors which affect the rice farming and analyze of technical efficiency of rice farming. The stochastic frontier is used in this research to analyze technical efficiency. From the frontier analysis will be obtained the factors which give impact to the rice farming organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizers, botanical pesticides and chemical pesticides. The average of technical efficiency is 0,93, it means the farmers are attains 93% of production from the potential production of rices and there is still 7% to improve rice production. Within the value of average technical efficiency is 0,93 will be obtained the income of this farming is Rp. 22.332.779,- per hectare in once growing season.

Keywords: intregeted pest management, factor of productions, stochastic frontier, efficiency.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM DI DESA WISATA PUTON WATU NGELAK KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Kriska Mesalia , Andiani Riesma , Simbolon Theresia Grace Yunindi
Published: July 2020

Puton Watu Ngelak Tourism Village is one of the tourist villages that implements Community Based Tourism, so that it requires community participation in its management. This Tourism Village presents the beauty of natural resources in the form of Opak River and Watu Ngelak site, combined with art and cultural performances that are requires an educational content. The contribution of local communities in the formation and development of Puton Watu Ngelak Tourism Village is interesting to study in relation to the realization of community empowerment in rural areas. The research method used is descriptive analytical. This research was conducted in Puton Hamlet with research informants, namely residents of Puton Hamlet This research uses primary and secondary data and the data are collected through observation and interview. Data analysis will be conducted descriptively by presenting the percentage of community involvement in the management of Puton Watu Ngelak Tourism Village. The results showed that community performed high participation of labour and idea. On the other hand, their participation in providing materials is still low/minimum because they prioritize their family needs rather than the tourism village development.
FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSUMSI PRODUK KOPI ARABIKA MATT COFFEE DI KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO
Authors: Prabasiwi Yustika Prima , Kusmiati Ati
Published: July 2020

UD Matt Coffee merupakan salah satu agroindustri kopi yang mengolah produk Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Adanya persaingan antar brand lokal Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung di Kabupaten Bondowoso selain kopi Matt Coffee membuat konsumen Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung dihadapkan dengan berbagai macam alternatif pilihan brand Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung. Oleh karena itu, UD Matt Coffee perlu mengetahui bagaimana perilaku konsumen dalam memilih dan mempertahankan pilihan terhadap produk Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung Matt Coffee untuk menjaga eksistensi produk di mata konsumen. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik konsumen, proses keputusan pembelian konsumen dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan konsumen untuk melakukan pembelian terhadap produk Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung Matt Coffee di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penentuan daerah dengan metode purposive method. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumen Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung Matt Coffee didominasi oleh laki-laki berusia produktif dengan penghasilan per bulan lebih dari Rp. 3.000.000,00. Proses keputusan pembelian konsumen Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung Matt Coffee meliputi 5 tahapan. Keputusan pembelian terhadap produk Kopi Arabika Java Ijen-Raung Matt Coffee di Kabupaten Bondowoso dipengaruhi oleh enam faktor utama.
PENGARUH CURAHAN WAKTU KERJA WANITA TANI TEMBAKAU TERHADAP PENERIMAAN KELUARGA DI KECAMATAN JUMO KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Maulana Rizki Iqbal , Gayatri Siwi , Dalmiyatun Tutik
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze 1) How the time spent by female farm laborers in tobacco commodities in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency 2) What is the contribution of women's acceptance to family acceptance 3) What is the effect of the outpouring of women's working time on tobacco plantations on family acceptance. This research was conducted in February - March 2018 in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency. The research method was survey. The method of determining the sample was done by Slovin method with a total of 82 samples. The analysis was descriptive analysis and simple regression analysis. The activities of women tobacco farmers are divided from planting land preparation, tobacco seed preparation, tobacco seed nursery, planting, maintenance, harvesting, and post-harvest. The results showed that the average HKSP of female farmers was 764 hours/activity, the average income of women tobacco farmers in Jumo District was Rp.5,596,451. Family welfare can be seen from the dual role of women farmers as housewives and as tobacco farming women to increase family acceptance. There is no significant effect between the working time of female farmers on the acceptance of women tobacco farmers in Jumo District Temanggung Regency because the acceptance of female farmers is given based on activities. There are reasons that keep women farmers working for example their role in to fill busy life and become a side job in addition to their role in domestic sector as housewife.
STRATEGI NAFKAH ISTRI NELAYAN BURUH DI DESA PENGAMBENGAN KECAMATAN NEGARA KABUPATEN JEMBRANA
Authors: Magfiroh Wilda , Sofia Sofia
Published: July 2020

Labor fishermen are the lowest element of social structure in the fishermen community. The unstable income of labor fishermen because of the season and weather conditions makes their wives work in the public sector to support their household income. This research aims to identify the motivation of the labor fishermen's wives to work in the public sector and to find out their livelihood strategies. The location of the research was determined purposively, namely Pengambengan Village, Negara District, Jembrana Regency, Bali Province. This research used a descriptive and qualitative approach. The key informant was selected purposively while supporting informants were selected by using the snowball sampling technique. The data were collected by using methods of interview, observation and document were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that 1) the motivation of the fishermen's wives to work in the public sector included physiological needs, safety needs, and social needs. 2) There were two livelihood strategies undertaken by labor fisherman wives, namely livelihood diversification through working as traders, tailors, and labor; migration through working outside the village as a laborer in the agricultural sector.

Keywords: Labor Fishermen's Wife, Motivation, Livelihood Strategy, Diversification, Migration
UNODC Global Family Skills Initiative
Authors: McDonald Lynn , Doostgharin Taghi
Published: July 2020

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Global Family Skills Initiative reviewed hundreds, and then recommended 23 evidence based programmes (2010). UNODC invited FAST (Families and Schools Together) to be piloted in Central Asia, and funded the cultural adaptation teams, translations, trainings, implementations, supervisions and evaluations. Outcome evaluation results are summarized of FAST multi-family groups offered at 9 primary schools in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. FAST is a complex, multi-systemic intervention which aims to build protective factors across the child’s social ecology to enhance resilience against stress and promote child well-being. Pre- post data were collected from parents and teachers on child mental health (SDQ), family functioning (FES), parent reciprocity in social networks, and parent involvement in school. 190 families of children (age 7) attended 8 weekly sessions. Trained teams of local teachers and parents were encouraged to locally adapt 60% of the processes for a cultural fit, while following a manual of core programme components. SPSS analyses used one-tailed, paired t-tests and showed improved outcomes. Discussion of results includes the high retention rates of 100%.
Safeguarding people with learning disabilities at risk of forced marriage
Authors: Clawson Rachael
Published: July 2020

The issue of forced marriage is often located within debates on violence against women, immigration control and cultural difference and rarely considers the very specific needs of children and adults with learning disabilities. Motivating factors for forcing people with learning disabilities to marry can differ from those frequently seen in forced marriage per se; most commonly they include obtaining a carer and can typically be related to the perceived stigma of disability in some communities. Many families, and indeed some practitioners, would not necessarily recognise a forced marriage as such; this has implications for inter-agency safeguarding practice. This paper considers the complexities involved in safeguarding people with learning disabilities who might be at risk and considers the factors impacting upon adequate safeguarding policy and inter-agency practice. Recommendations are made for future policy and service development in this complex and largely neglected area of practice.
How far does a whole family approach make a difference
Authors: Malin Nigel , Tunmore Jane , Wilcock Angela
Published: July 2020

This article reports findings from a study to support the inclusion of a Whole Family Approach (WFA) within policy and provision for children and families conducted in one large northern local authority in England. In recent years mainly from research and good practice elsewhere WFA had been seen to offer opportunities to focus on shared needs, developing strengths and assessing risk factors. The principal aim was to design an evaluation framework to enable partners to assess and measure progress in the delivery of a WF strategy. Methods included individual interviews with professionals and managers (N=22) on knowledge and experience of WFA, for example their understanding of multi-agency work, along with their evidence of adopting a WFA approach. Findings demonstrate the process of how an evaluation framework was constructed based on adapting preexisting outcome-focused 'models' used to evaluate functions of partnership-working along with indigenous sources. The first type of 'model' entailed a number of dimensions including Vision and Strategy, Partnership Dynamics, Impact and Performance Measurement. The second had two key features: it drew upon the idea of realist evaluation, a paradigm used by practitioner researchers where the focus is upon identifying mechanisms that explain how an action affects outcomes in particular contexts; and the 'model' had been applied extensively to an analysis of family intervention projects. What has emerged is an evaluation framework characterised by a number of key 'signifiers' each of which is populated by a series of questions. The framework embraces introducing changes to the culture of planning and delivering services, placing building family strengths at centre-stage.
Learning from child protection Serious Case Reviews in England: A critical appraisal
Authors: Frost Nick
Published: July 2020

This article explores the key role of Serious Case Reviews (SCRs) in the English child protection system. After exploring the relevant regulation and guidance it is argued that the impact of these reviews on the child protection system has been largely negative. Research and empirical data contradict the dominant narrative that the child protection system is ‘failing’. An alternative approach is proposed which would allow for learning from child deaths whilst avoiding the negative and damaging impact of the current system.
Treinamento de força bi-set em mulheres
Authors: Gouvêa Cibele Marli Cação Paiva , Bueno Juliano Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar se o treinamento de força bi-set induz alterações de testosterona e cortisol séricos, do índice T/C (razão testosterona: cortisol), da força muscular, da gordura e da massa magra em mulheres jovens, após treinamento por 8 semanas. Metodologia: Os parâmetros corporais e as concentrações séricas de testosterona e cortisol foram determinados no repouso e, imediatamente, após o treinamento, antes do início e após 8 semanas. Utilizou-se o método bi-set, com 4 séries e 10 repetições máximas para cada exercício, com intervalo entre as séries de 90 s, realizados quatro vezes por semana, por 8 semanas. Resultados e discussão: Após o período de treinamento não houve alteração significativa (p>0,05) nos níveis séricos de testosterona e cortisol, da massa corporal e do IMC, contudo, houve, significativamente (p<0,05) aumento de 1-RM e do número de repetições máximas, diminuição da gordura corporal, aumento de massa magra e aumento da área da seção transversa muscular do braço e da coxa. Conclusão: Os níveis séricos de testosterona e cortisol não são os únicos fatores para o ganho de força e hipertrofia muscular. O método bi-set promoveu adaptações positivas em mulheres.
PENERAPAN CARING DAN SPRITUAL PERAWAT PADA PASIEN KRITIS DIRUANG ICU
Authors: Husna Elfira
Published: July 2020

Asuhan keperawatan tidak hanya berfokus pada curing tapi juga caring. Sebagai tenaga kesehatan yang profesional seorang perawat dalam memberikan pelayanan harus berdasarkan fungsi holistik, mencakup semua aspek baik biologi, psikologis,sosiologi maupun spiritual. Dalam memberikan palayanan perawat yang caring perawat dituntut untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan klien baik dalam kondisi sehat, sakit, maupun kritis. klien kritis selain membutuhkan tindakan yang tepat dan cepat, juga tidak lepas dari kebutuhan caring dan aspek spritual, karena di kondisi kritis biasanya klien maupun keluarga berada dalam kondisi pasrah dan membutuhkan tindakan yang berbeda di bandingkan dengan klien yang berada  dalam kondisi stabil. Keadaan kritis membutuhkan ketenangan batin dan kedekatan pada sang pencipta, baik bagi pasien maupun keluarga agar dapat melalui kondisi kritisnya dengan cara yang baik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi untuk menggali pengalaman perawat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman perawat dalam memberikan caring dan memenuhi kebutuhan spiritual pasien kritis.  Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 11 perawat yang bekerja di ruang ICU dengan pengalaman minimal 1 tahun  di ICU. Data dianalisa menggunakan teknik collaizi dengan tujuh tahap sehingga menghasilkan empat tema penelitian yaitu: 1) melayani sepenuh hati,2) meningkatkan pemulihan pasien, 3) dampak terhadap perawat,4) harapan perawat terhadap pelayanan pasien kritis. Saran Penelitian ini diharapkan perawat selaku tim medis yang dekat dengan pasien dapat meningkatkan aspek caring dan pemenuhan aspek spiritual pasien kritis, begitu juga pihak rumah sakit agar dapat meningkatkan fasilitas agar asprek tersebut dapat optimal
Study of Nurse's Philosophy: The Convenient Place to Die Peacefully for Terminal A Patients
Authors: Yetti Krisna , Hariyati Roro Tutik Sri , Merduati Rona Cahyantari
Published: July 2020

Background: Someone who will die should be supported and accompanied spiritually for passing their end of life. The spiritual involvement is needed a convenient place since its support will transform a frightening moment to be a peaceful one. Purpose: the aim of the study was describes the convenient place to die peacefully using philosophical approach.Methods: This study used method of Actual Problem, it is a philosophy reflective study about the assumption of researcher that a patient with terminal illness wants to be accompanied by people who proper to deliver the prayers. In this study, problems in the place of die are directly exposed, then it is synthesized to solve a fundamental problem. Analysis and synthesis of unsatisfied place to die to be expected can solve the problem. Results: Hospice care is a program or facility which gives specific care for the patient in end of life. It can be said that hospice is a way of care based on philosophy about the end of life. Hospice can be a convenient place to die because there are its staff who will substitute the role of family, in case they experience physical and emotional burden. Conclusion: Hospice can be an alternative of convenient place for patient with dying process and its nursing care can make the process as peaceful as possible Keywords:Convenient Place, Dying Process, Hospice, Peaceful, Terminal illness
Cardiorespiratory Endurance on College Student Smokers Using Harvard Step Test
Authors: Agustina Rismia
Published: July 2020

Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify the score of Harvard Step Test as indicator of cardiorespiratory endurance on college student smokers. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. There were 40 samples who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling. The instruments of this study were questionnaire, metronome, stop watch, and 19 inches bench. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The results showed that 47,5% of subjects had poor level, 42,5% had average level, and 10% had good level of Harvard step test. On average, 65% of subjects were light smokers, 87,5% were filtered cigarette smokers, and 65% had been smoking for 2-5 years. Conclusion: It can be concluded nearly half of college student smokers had poor Harvard step test score as indicator of cardiorespiratory endurance.
The Effect Of Family Psychoeducation On Social Support Among Congestive Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Niman Susanti , Hamid Achir Yani S , W Ice Yulia
Published: July 2020

The prevalence of CHF is increasing every year. The impact of a psychosocial condition requiring comprehensive treatment for CHF in all aspects. One contributing factor to success is the involvement of the family. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the differences of social support towards clients with CHF who were receiving family psychoeducation.  Method: This study used a Quasi -experimental pre-post test without a control group”.  A sample of  25 respondents and sample retrieval techniques with a purposive sampling procedure. The instrument used was an ISSB questionnaire for measuring social support. The intervention group was provided with family psychoeducation that performed 5 sessions. Result and conclusion: The finding this study showed was a significant change before and after the family support family psychoeducation (p-value 0.00<α).  Characteristics of the family and the client is not associated with social support. Family psychoeducation research way recommended developed in a public hospital.
KEPEMILIKAN JAMBAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Kasman Kasman , Ishak Nuning Irnawulan
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK Setiap anak mengalami episode serangan diare rata-rata 3,3 kali setiap tahun. Lebih kurang 80% kematian terjadi pada anak berusia kurang dari dua tahun. Penyakit diare merupakan salah satu penyakit yang banyak terjadi di Kota Banjarmasin. Penyebabnya diduga karena Kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang tidak baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan jamban terhadap kejadian diare pada anak balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anak balita yang ada di Kota Banjarmasin sebanyak 54.746 balita. Teknik penarikan sampel secara multistage sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 188 balita. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2018 dengan wawancara langsung pada responden menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 22,9% anak balita yang menderita diare. Sebagian besar (97,9%) responden telah memiliki Jamban dengan jenis jamban menggunakan tangki septik 94,6%. Terdapat 19% jamban dengan kondisi yang tidak baik. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kepemilikan jamban (p-value=0,038) dan kondisi jamban (p-value=0,000) terhadap kejadian diare pada Balita di Kota Banjarmasin. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat untuk memperhatikan kebersihan jamban. Kata-kata kunci : Diare, anak,  Balita, Penyakit,  infeksi, Jamban.  ABSTRACT Each child experiences episodes of diarrhea attack an average of 3.3 times each year. Approximately 80% of deaths occur in children aged less than two years. Diarrhea is one of the many diseases that occur in Banjarmasin. The cause is thought to be due to poor environmental sanitation. This study aims to analyze the use of latrines on the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in Banjarmasin. The design of this study used a cross-sectional design. The study population was all toddlers in Banjarmasin of 54,746 toddlers. The sampling technique was multistage sampling with a total sample of 188 toddlers. Data collection was conducted from June to August 2018 with an interview with the respondent directly using a questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-Square statistical tests. The results of this study indicate that there were 22.9% of children under five suffering from diarrhea. Most (97.9%) of respondents have had latrines in the type of latrine using a 94.6% septic tank. There is a significant relationship between latrine ownership (p-value= 0.038) and latrine condition (p-value=0,000) to the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Banjarmasin City. It is expected the public to pay attention to hygiene latrine. Keywords: Diarrhea, children, under-five children, infectious, diseases, latrines
Water Management and Soil Fertility Status at A Reclaimed Tidal Lowland of Telang Jaya Village, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Bakri Bakri , Imanudin Momon Sodik , Chandra Wahyu L.
Published: July 2020

Tidal lowland has a great prospect due to its vast area to support the improvement of national food security and the development of agribusiness system. Based on these potentials, it is necessary to study water management the physical dan chemical characteristics of soil on tidal land at Telang Jaya, South Sumatra. The aim of the study is to develop micro water management in the field level  for rice cultivation, and to evaluate the soil fertility in relation to the rice production.  The soil properties can be used to determine the level of soil fertility and the land management problem at the area. Research method was done by experimental research in combination with survey and monitoring. Rice was cultivated in tertiary block and the ground water table fluctuation was record in daily bases. Soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm depth (the root depth for common food crops) and then analyzed at the laboratory. The result had showed that the soil fertility status at Telang Jaya was low to moderate. The limiting factors of soil fertility found in this study were consisted of low nitrogent content, low C-organic content and acid soil condition (low bases and pH). Ground water taken at  February to March was maintained on 10 to (-10) cm related to the soil surface. It was sufficient for crop water requirement. Water management objective for second rice was mainaly for control drainage during the intial stage, and retain rainfall water. Pumping irrigation was required during Elnina climatic condition at generative phase. By proper water management system rice production could achive 5 ton/ha.
The Cultivation of Melon on Swamp Floating Bed in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Chotimah Hastin Ernawati Nur Chusnul , Ichriani Gusti Irya , Widyawati Wahyu , Anwar Moh , Prasetyo Exwan , Ardianor Ardianor
Published: July 2020

Cultivating of melon particularly in Central Kalimantan has been widely undertaken by farmers, however, the yields have not been able to meet the melon needs of Central Kalimantan's community. One of the breakthroughs in overcoming the problem is by growing melons on swamp floating beds, namely ambul technology. Ambul is growing media from decomposed floating aquatic plants, constructed with bamboo or wooden as a frame, that is let floating on waters. The ambul based on the consideration that the community lacks access to land for most of the year, which reduces opportunities for growing crops. The research design used was Split Plot Design with three kinds of aquatic plants as the main factor namely Eichornia crassipes, Salvinia molesta, Eleocharis palustris, and two melon varieties as subplot factors specifically Action 434 and Amanta. The results showed that the Amanta variety grown on S. molesta media produced the highest value of crop length on 1, 2, 3 weeks after planting (WAP). S. molesta was the best planting media for enhancing flowering by 11.43 days after planting (DAP) and weight of fruit (3.18 kg per plant. The variety of Amanta also had the highest value of root dry weight of 1.33 g per plant and fruit weight of 2.08 kg per plant.
The Effect of Biochar, Lime, and Compost on The Properties of Acid Sulphate Soil
Authors: Juhrian Juhrian , Yusran Fadly H. , Wahdah Raihani , Priatmadi Bambang J.
Published: July 2020

Making acid sulphate soils as paddy fields is a wise choice because it can prevent the soil from oxidizing which occurs in acidification of the soil. The use of biochar as an amendment to the land has long been known since the discovery of terra preta since 1870 in the Amazon Basin as the Amazon dark earth. Because biochar soil amendments are rich in C-organics, have a buffering capacity and can increase soil acidity, are able to absorb heavy metals, and are able to retain water and nutrients for soil organisms. Meanwhile, lime has also been known as an acid sulphate soil amendment in Rome 2000 years ago to balance the acidity in agricultural land. This has been practiced for centuries until now. Though compost or organic soil can be traced more than 2000 years ago. Soil organic matter (SOM) is formed from the remains of animals and plants. It contains C and many nutrients such as N, P, and K. Based on the description above, the author wants to combine the three ingredients in the review, especially in relation to acid sulphate soils.
Adaptation des apports alimentaires aux variations journalières des besoins en calcium et phosphore de la poule
Authors: SAUVEUR B.
Published: July 2020

Si on offre à une poule pondeuse une source de calcium alimentaire qu’elle puisse identifier (alimentation calcique séparée), elle consomme ce calcium de façon discontinue en relation avec la formation de la coquille de l’aeuf. Cette pratique réduit la mobilisation osseuse et accroît la solidité de la coquille dans la moitié des cas environ. L’effet est particulièrement net lorsque la température ambiante est élevée. Ceci permet également de réduire l’apport alimentaire de phosphore. Plus généralement, la quantité de coquille déposée sur l’oeuf apparaît comme inversement liée à la teneur en phosphore du plasma, à la fois à long terme et de façon instantanée. Il convient donc de limiter la teneur en phosphore assimilable de l’aliment à 0,28 % pour une production de 60 g oeuf/jour. L’apport de phosphore semble également pouvoir être modulé au cours de la journée  : il doit alors être aussi faible que possible durant l’après-midi alors que l’apport de calcium doit être le plus élevé. Une dernière façon de diminuer le besoin en phosphore pourrait être l’utilisation de programmes d’éclairement fractionné aboutissant à une désynchronisation des ovipositions.