bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extensive liver resection with preoperative regional chemotherapy for colorectal metastases in patients with high risk of blood loss
Authors: Lazarev A. F , Mamontov K. G , Kotelnikov A. G , Lubennikov V. A , Khays S. L
Published: December 2023

Objective: to study influence of regional chemo- and biotherapy on intraoperative blood loss. Materials and methods: An analysis of 122 cases of extensive liver resection accompanied with regional chemotherapy in colorectal metastases patients has been performed. 69 (57%) of them had bilobar lesions, 58 (48%) - had multiple metastases, 27 (22%) - had been resected for extrahepatic metastases. Results: bevacizumab inclusion in preoperative regional chemotherapy did not lead to increase of intraoperative blood loss. Conclusion: Median intraoperative blood loss was 1200 ml in both groups. Up to 6 courses of preoperative antitumor therapy, regardless of route of drug introduction did not increase blood loss. Intraoperative blood loss increases from standard to extended liver resection. Resection of contralateral lobe metastases did not lead to statistically significant increase in blood loss as compared with standard operation.
THE IMPORTANCE OF NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE INHIBITOR FOR PANCREATIC CANCER EXTENDING IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Berezovsky I. V , Lazarev A. F , Fokeev S. D
Published: December 2023

ZD892- the neutrophil elastase inhibitor possesses ability to block (to slow down) extending of pancreatic cancer cells on the peritoneum, their fixing on it and development of carcinomatosis, it also slows down growth of primary pancreatic tumor. These abilities amplify at joint application ZD892 and xeloda.
The level of sex hormones in the tissues and myoma adenomyosis at the independent and combined development
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M , Bandovkina V. A , Moiseenko T. I , Chernikova N. V
Published: December 2023

The levels of sex hormone, prolactin and sex steroid-binding globulin in the tissue of the husteromyoma and adenomyosis at the independent and combined development of pathologies was investigated. Violations in the local hormonal background during the self-adenomiose and husteromyoma. In the case of simultaneous development of two disorders, hormonal background adenomiose tissue practically does not change, but the local hormonal status is converted in husteromyoma. The combined development of the two estrogen dependent pathologies, adenomyosis provided significant influence on myoma, subjecting and reconstructing its local hormonal status, manifested in the decline of estrone and increase the concentration of free estriol, as well as reducing SSG indicators in some patients. Hormones of adenomiose and myoma tissue during combined development of the two disorders may create premorbid background for rebirth and malignancy tissue of the uterus.
Extensive liver resection with preoperative chemotherapy for colorectal metastases with high risk of complications
Authors: Patyutko Yu. I , Mamontov K. G , Kotelnikov A. G , Ponomarenko A. A , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

Objective: to study influence of preoperative chemotherapy on postoperative complications rate. Material and methods: an analysis of 455 cases of extensive liver resection. 229 (56%) patients didn’t receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 176 (44%) - received preoperative chemotherapy. 216 (53%) patients had bilobar lesions, 156 (39%) - had multiple metastases, 168 (42%) - had synchronous metastases, 237 (58%) - had metachronous metastases. 60 (15%) patients in addition to liver lesions, had been resected for extrahepatic metastases. Results: bevacizumab inckusion to preoperative regional chemotherapy did not lead to increase of postoperative complication rate. Conclusion: Postoperative complication rate didn’t significantly differ in all groups of treatment, regardless of liver resection volume. Extension of liver resection from standard hepatectomy to extensive, leads to statistically significant increase of acute hepatic failure. Acute hepatic failure takes the first place among complications (21%).
Neurological aspects of surgical treatment in breast cancer patients
Authors: Obmanov I. V , Jarygin M. L , Shmyrev V. I , Nosenko E. M , Jarygin L. M
Published: December 2023

Preservation of the intercostobrachial nerves (ICBN) during surgical operations in breast cancer patients is still controversial. Sixty women aged from 36 to 83 (63,1±11,9) were examined to identify the influence of preserving the ICBN. In 40 (66,7%) women ICBN were preserved, but in 20 (33,3%) ones - were transected. The clinical evaluation was performed at 14th day and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Sensory loss, hands strength dynamometry, quality of life (QOL), lymphedema and depression were estimated in this study. Hypoesthesia, feeling pain and QOL had a significant statistical difference between the two groups. Postmastectomy lymphedema, hands strength and depression were statistically insignificant between the groups. Thus, preservation of the ICBN reduces the sensory changes, pain and improves the quality of life in women after breast cancer surgery.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF PATIENTS WITH MIDDLE EAR CANCER
Authors: Svetitskiy P. V , Engibaryan M. A
Published: December 2023

We present treatment results of 7 patients with middle ear cancer (3 men and 4 women) having been treated in Head and Neck Tumors Department of Rostov Research Oncologic Institute within the period 2003-2013. All patients had squamous cell cancer. After preoperative radiotherapy the patients were operated: resection of temporal bone and external acoustic meatus. In three cases with cervical metastases lymphodissection IIA-B, III level was performed. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was prescribed. As a result of treatment 4 patients survived 2 years and 2 patients survived 3 years. A clinical case is presented. The patient aged 42, with advanced middle ear cancer underwent preoperative radiotherapy with subsequent radical operation, i.e. subtotal resection of temporal bone with exposure of facial nerve, sigmoid sinus and bulb of jugular vein. The patient is under surveillance during 5 months without continued tumor growth.
Microecology of the oral mucosa at the stage of prosthetic rehabilitation in patients with acquired defects of maxilla
Authors: Kochurova E. V , Kozlov S. V , Sdvizhkov A. M , Nikolenko V. N , Shackaja N. H , Gujter O. S
Published: December 2023

The morbidity of malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial area has an annual constant increase. Surgical treatment is one of the therapy versions. The acquired defect is the result of such treatment, which also requires the reconstructive and prosthetic treatment. Production of a hollow acrylic obturator is widespread and available option of prosthetic rehabilitation after resection of maxilla. One of this treatment characteristic is the large contact area of the obturator surface to the oral cavity mucosa, and the sutural connection on the basis. This connection is a cluster of food remainders and pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity. The oral cavity mucosa is the primary place of contact not only with the aggressive elements of dental engineering materials, antigens, but also to waste products of microorganisms, which are located on prosthetic constructions. The sutural connection requires additional hygienic measures to clean the obturator for the patient. Thus, acrylic hollow obturator with sutural connection substantially reduces the level of hygiene in this patients group and promotes the accumulation of aggressive microorganisms. After prosthetic rehabilitation it can result to damage of oral microbiocenosis and development of inflammatory accidents. We developed a processing technique of a hollow obturator without sutural connection on the basis.
Comparison of stereotactic techniques of irradiation in aged patients with early stages of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Anikeeva O. Yu. , Tevs K. S , Pashkovskaya O. A , Samoylova E. A
Published: December 2023

The results of 2 years survival after stereotactic radiation therapy for 117 patients with early-stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients with the age-related contraindications to surgery (with heavy cardiovascular diseases) were analyzed. We compare three treatment methods: 3D conformal radiotherapy in the free breathing - 39 patients (group 1); 3D dynamic conformal radiotherapy with active breath control - 42 patients (group 2), and high-hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy - 36 patients (3 group). Local control rate was highest in the group 3 - 85 %. Two year survival rate in groups 1, 2 and 3 reached 41%, 56% and 66 %, respectively. It was revealed that the results of high-dose hypofractionated radiation therapy for 2-year survival rates are comparable with surgery. Thus, the distant stereotactic conformal radiation therapy of NSCLC stages 1 and 2 with active breath control showed a higher efficiency without increasing the toxicity on the mediastinum, which has compromised heavy competing cardiovascular diseases. Also, the best long-term results of treatment were registered in a group of high-dose hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy.
INPATIENT MEDICAL CARE FOR CANCER PATIENTS PROVIDED IN MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS WITHIN THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE AS A MINIMAL NEED FOR PALLIATIVE CARE
Authors: Vvedenskaya E. S , Dayutova M. V
Published: December 2023

The State Program on Health Care Development in the Russian Federation approved in 2012 includes the palliative medical care (PMC) subprogram. According to this subprogram a full infrastructure in the regions should be established to provide PMC to patients who need active symptomatic therapy and psycho-social support during the late stages of the life-threatening progressive diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the scope and place of inpatient medical care provision in the last year of life to patients who died from cancer to determine the need for PMC based on the actual use of health services in the region. Patients who died from cancer at home in the last year of life received inpatient care at different levels of the health system (69.5 admissions per 100 patients per year). Admissions were made mainly to the municipal medical organizations (79.77±3.0% of all hospital admissions) and 20.23±3.0% to the regional oncology dispensary. 220 beds used for providing medical care to cancer patients in the last year of life can be considered as minimum need for PMC beds including those based in a specialist cancer hospital (33.54 beds) facing the current levels of cancer morbidity and mortality in the region as well as the effectiveness of the health system primarily the outpatient care. The number of beds used by cancer patients for PMC in the last year of life was 80.12% of the total number of beds for PMC provision calculated according to the standard recommended by the State Programme on Health Care Development in the Russian Federation until 2020. So we have to keep in mind that up to 80% of the total number of PMC beds established should be allocated for cancer patients and only 20% - for specialist PMC provision for patients with other progressive diseases.
Association between the morphological characteristics of growth and the clinical course of oral cancer
Authors: Samedov V. H , Naleskina L. A , Zakharychev V. D
Published: December 2023

Clinical-morphological study based on the clinical data of 122 patients with malignant neoplasms of tongue and oral mucosa was conducted aimed at establishing an association between the morphological characteristics of malignant tumors and symptomatic progression of the tumor process conducted after treatment. It was demonstrated that all tumors with epithelial genesis, 107 represented a keratinizing squamous carcinoma, and the degree of differentiation prevailed moderately differentiated tumors (113 cases). Retrospective evaluation of the malignancy degree of tongue and oral mucosa tumors, according to recommendations in literature, conducted before treatment, showed a prevalence in all groups studied tumors grade III compared to II and a small number of tumors with I degree of malignancy. When comparing the degree of malignancy of squamous cell carcinoma in each studied group of patients with clinical diagnosis of tumor progression: the time of relapse and regional metastases after treatment established an association between these indicators. The most aggressive growth characterized by squamous cell carcinoma grade III, despite the pronounced signs of keratinization in most tumors. The most effective was the complex treatment of patients with combined effects of CRT + CD and microwave hyperthermia. Reported patterns give rise to speak about the possibility of using morphological grade squamous cell carcinoma of tongue and oral mucosa, as a predictive clinical and morphological parameters of the flow of the tumor process.
MODIFICATION OF PANCREATICOBILIARY TRACT RECONSTRUCTION AFTER PANCREADUODENECTOMY IN CHILDREN WITH PANCREATIC TUMOURS
Authors: Shchepotin I. B , Lukashenko A. V , Klimnyuk G. I , Kolesnik E. A , Priymak V. V
Published: December 2023

Pancreatic tumours are rare at a young age. For malignancies affecting the head of the pancreas the optimal surgical treatment is pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Due to the rare experience of pancreaticoduodenectomy in children, most of the information reported in the literature has been provided in the form of isolated case reports. Material and methods. We performed new type of reconstruction after PD in children. Our reconstructive method aims at a complete separation of passage of gastric contents, bile and pancreatic juice. Thus we prevent any types of possible refluxes and related complications (pancreatic leakage, cholangitis, gastric ulceration). Results. The method has been effectively performed is two patients: 5 year girl, 1 year and 10 month boy with a solid pseudopapillary tumour and malignant teratoma in the head of the pancreas. In postoperative period we did not registered any sights of pancreatic fistula. Patients were discharge on days 9 and 11 respectively. Conclusion. In view of the absence of the data about later physiological outcomes after PD in children we propose our method of pancreaticobiliary reconstruction as safe and physiologically appropriable. PD for children should be performed in institutions where experienced hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeons using modern surgical technologies perform a high volume of cases.
The treatment results of loco-regional recurrence of oral mucosa and the oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zaderenko I. A , Drobyshev A. Yu , Azizyan R. I , Alieva S. B
Published: December 2023

The study included 314 patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx after radical treatment. Patients were divided into groups depending on the timing - patients with early recurrence (n- 162), and late recurrence (n- 152), and depending on the type of treatment of recurrent tumors: conservative treatment group (n- 56 ), surgical (n- 235) and combined treatment group (n- 23). A comparative evaluation of the treatment effectiveness in these patients based on the results of treatment, survival rates, the frequency and severity of complications was performed. It was found that patients with late relapse have a better prognosis than patients with early relapse. Based on these data we can conclude that conservative therapy of recurrent tumors of the oral cavity if surgical treatment is impossible is effective, especially in cases of late recurrent tumors. Only the surgical or combined treatment may reach the five-year survival rate in patients with recurrent tumor, cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx.
Malignant neoplasms in the formation of childhood disability in the Orenburg region
Authors: Bayanova N. A , Makoldina I. M , Nabiullina V. V , Panteleeva E. V
Published: December 2023

The authors analyze the dynamics of childhood disability due to cancer in the Orenburg region, taking into account the geographical and territorial factors from 2002 to 2011. Critical zones identified areas defined by age and sex characteristics, presumably forming the risk of disability of the child population.
NEW THREE-YEAR SURVIVAL TENDENCIES OF THE ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS ON POPULATION LEVEL IN THE KALININGRAD REGION
Authors: Kutlumuratov A. B , Polyakov K. I , Vaysbeyn I. Z. , Popov M. S
Published: December 2023

On a database of the population cancer register of the Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation for the period 15.11.2006-15.11.2012 for the first time were investigated an observed and an adjusted three-year survival of 14774 patients with 23 localizations ofmalignant tumor (MT). Comparatively were estimated the survival of the patients with these diagnoses before inclusion (in 07.2009) of the regional oncology clinic into the structure of Kaliningrad regional clinical hospital (group “BEFORE”), and after this (group “AFTER”). The Determination of Government KO №284 05.2009y was realized during second half 2009y. Observed and adjusted three-year survival in group “BEFORE” was shorter than in group “AFTER” at all 23 MT localizations. These distinctions were statistically significant (from p
The epidemiology of cutaneous melanoma in the Krasnodar region
Authors: Yargunin S. A , Kazantseva M. V , Davidenko I. S , Semenihin E. V
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study — an analysis of the incidence of the MC of the Krasnodar region in the past 15 years. Methods. Studied a population-based cancer registry of Krasnodar region on the incidence of MK by sex, age, stage, morphological verification. Results. The incidence of MC in 1998 was 5.1 per 100 thousand population of the province, in 2012 it reached 8.2 per 100 thousand population.conclusions:1. During the period from 1997 to 2012, the incidence of MK rose by 60,8%.2. Against the backdrop of growth in incidence MK One-year mortality increased by 11%.3. The neglect has decreased from 35,4% to 20.5% by 41,3%.
Organization of medico-social work in medical institutions, which provide specialized and high-tech care for children hematologic malignancies
Authors: Zhukovskaya E. V , Novichkova G. A
Published: December 2023

The steadily increasing importance of medical and social measures, focused on patients with oncohaematology pathology. It is extremely important to identify the most significant problems in the practice of doctor working on a profile “child oncohaematology” during the expert work to develop measures to optimize this type of activity in the modern world. There results of the survey of experts in 40 largest Russian clinics are submitted. These features of oncology specialists at the whole stages of treatment could impact the possibility of access to social benefits guaranteed by the state to families with disabled children. Necessary to improve the rehabilitation of patients to end their terms of disability was accompanied by a successful social integration in society.
ALGORITHM OF TREATMENT APPROACHES IN MEDIASTINAL NON-CHROMAFFIN PARAGANGLIOMAS
Authors: Zakharychev V. D , Krotevitch M. S
Published: December 2023

The results of different methods of radical and palliative treatment in 26 patients with intrathoracic localization of nehromafinnoy paraganglioma, 24 tumors were located in the front, one - in the posterior mediastinum, and one - in the pericardial cavity. Malignant paragangioma was confirmed morphologically in 25 observed patients. Surgical intervention is undertaken in 17 patients, of whom 12 had surgery as an integral stage of complex or combined treatment, in 3 - self-treatment and 2 - exeprimental thoracotomy. Combined treatment including preoperative radiotherapy (RT) followed by surgery was undertaken by 6 patients. Comprehensive treatment including neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) was received by 6 patients and in combination with radiotherapy by 3 patients. In 5 of these patients the technique of regional intra-arterial administration of anticancer chemotherapy was used. Patients with the presence of distant metastases performed palliative treatment: 4 - LT, 5 - HT. Conclusion: for the radical treatment of malignant paraganglioma method of choice should be a comprehensive treatment with neoadjuvant intra-arterial regional chemotherapy.
Evaluation of the laser therapy clinical efficacy in chronic vulval dystrophic diseases
Authors: Stambolieva A. V , Manukhin I. B , Bogatyrev V. N
Published: December 2023

It has been found that copper vapour laser emission is a highly effective treatment of chronic degenerative diseases of the vulva (HDZV): squamous cell hyperplasia and sclerotic depriving vulva (SLV). Application of a copper vapor laser can reduce the clinical manifestations of these diseases and decrease the frequency of recurrences. The basis of pathogenesis-based treatment is normalization of hormonal status in patients with vulvar squamous cell hyperplasia (PRTs) and immunomodulatory effects, manifested by normalization of major subpopulations of immunocompetent cells relations, changes in the level of expression of receptors for interleukin-2 and transferrin on lymphocytes, increased levels of nonspecific resistance.
MODERN DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN CANCER
Authors: Nikogosyan S. O , Kuznetsov V. V
Published: December 2023

Every year, the world’s recorded more than 225 thousand new cases of ovarian cancer, more than 140 thousand women die from this disease. An important role in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer is oncology alertness doctors of various specialties. Together with the standard methods of screening for ovarian cancer new techniques can improve early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This article provides an overview of the new marker HE4, and its value, in combination with a marker CA-125.
Current approaches to the treatment of patients with primary resectable breast cancer
Authors: Letyagin V. P , Vysotskaya I. V , Grigor’eva T. A
Published: December 2023

The paper examines the main issues of integrated treatment of resectable breast cancer. Identifies underlying prognostic factors and the relation between the choice of systemic therapy on the molecular characteristics of tumours. In the evolutionary aspect different approaches, both local and systemic treatments of patients with resectable primary breast cancer are assessed.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY AND TOLERANCE OF THE INTRAPERITONEAL CELL-BASED AND IL-2 IMMUNOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH CHEMOTHERAPY-RESISTANT GASTRIC CANCER AND MALIGNANT ASCITES
Authors: Titov K. S , Demidov L. V , Shubina I. Zh , Kiselevsky M. V
Published: December 2023

Most often gastric cancer is accompanied with abdominal carcinomatosis tumor (metastases) ascites (25 %), which is a life-threatening complications of tumor process, often recurring after systemic drug therapy which not always leads to a longer remission, but is also accompanied by severe side effects. Intraperitoneal immunotherapy of metastatic ascites interleukin-2 (IL-2) in combination with allogeneic (donor) lymphokine - activated killer (LAK) and IL-2 monotherapy is highly effective and well tolerated in patients with gastric cancer. Objective effect of the treatment was 50.0 % and 42.8 %, respectively. Proposed form of immunotherapy can be considered as one of the stages combined drug treatment, has good tolerance and improves their quality of life.
Laser hemotherapy in oncology
Authors: Gusev L. I , Prityko D. A , Sharoev T. A
Published: December 2023

The following review article on laser therapy in oncology summarizes the impact of research materials by laser radiation of different wavelengths and different capacities for experimental tumors. Thus, efficiency of the laser marked gene therapy. Also, the report presents a brief study of laser gene therapy application in advanced stages of various tumors, pre-and post-surgical interventions, as well as in breast reconstruction rectoabdominal flap. The results provide a basis for a wider application of laser gene therapy in oncology.
Intraoperative radiation for breast cancer
Authors: Korytova L. I , Manikhas G. M , Minaeva E. A
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer is in the first place in the global structure of the women cancer incidence. Radiation therapy is one of the methods in the treatment of breast cancer. This article focuses on one type of radiation therapy - intraoperative radiation therapy. The data on the experience of using this method of treatment is published.
Hereditary breast cancer
Authors: Lazarev A. F , Zadontseva N. S. , Gofman A. A.
Published: December 2023

Ten million new cases of a cancer and more than 6,2 million death from diseases of this group are registered annually in the world. From 5 to 40% of malignant new growths of all anatomic localizations have a hereditary etiology, and this percent increases in connection with growth of the general incidence. The Cancer of a Mammary Gland (CMG) is the most widespread oncological pathology at women. Both in the world, and in Russia, despite significant progress in development of approaches to diagnostics and to CMG treatment within the last decades incidence, prevalence and mortality from CMG remain steadily high and tend to growth.
CLINICAL CASES OF SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA
Authors: Karpenko T. D , Bychkov M. B
Published: December 2023

A modern approach to customize treatment based on careful observation of minimal manifestations of the disease, the prescription of Alimta in the first -line treatment with a combination of platinum drugs can control the disease in the extensive stage and maintain a good state of active patients without objective effect for a long time.
Different types of sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Afanasyeva K. V , Petrovskiy A. V , Nechushkin M. I , Shiryaev S. V , Zaytseva A. A
Published: December 2023

Novel data on biological features of tumors and diagnosis development have become an stimulus to reduce surgical extension for breast cancer. Axillary lymph node dissection is associated with different complications. That’s why a demand to verify regional lymph node status using biopsy has appeared. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is performed in a few steps. First, a marker solution is introduced intradermally or into breast parenchyma periareolarly or at the tumor site. Afterwards it goes with lymph flow to the lymph node and accumulates in it, this first node is called sentinel (SLN). Its localization is variable but most typically it could be found at the lateral margin of major pectoral muscle at the frontal axillar line. There are currently 5 main methods of SLNB that are described in this article. These techniques differ in a substance used and equipment needed to detect a SLN. All the methods are currently implemented routinely. Many investigations has been performed worldwide that shows advantages and disadvantages of each method which are described in the given article.
Metabolomic research in oncology
Authors: Furina Raisa R.
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with the questions of the metabolomics research results application in medicine. The central idea metabolomics is to identify the specific biomarkers in a biological sample used in a diagnostics. The volatile organic compounds - metabolites isolated from various tissues and biological fluids (blood, urine, sputum, exhaled air) are considered as biomarkers. The paper also describes main methods of separation and identification of volatile organic compounds (gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) applied in metabolomics. The paper presents some results of laboratory research aimed at the detection of different organs ’ cancer biomarkers. The quality characteristics of the metabolome from a biological patient sample with different pathology are discussed. Special attention is paid to the application of metabolomics possibilities in experimental medicine. The presented material will be of some help in solving the problems of early diagnosis of cancer.
Clinical application of proton beam radiation therapy in the tumor's treatment
Authors: Kubes Jiří
Published: December 2023

Despite the rapid technological development, standard photon radiotherapy still brings a number of issues. Main problems are: 1. lack of effectiveness for a number of indications; partly due to the inability to safely deliver the effective dose to the tumors; 2. late and very late side effects of treatment caused by the unwanted dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissue. The aim of the new methods in radiotherapy is to maximally reduce the dose to healthy tissue and to deliver the dose to the tumors as accurately as possible. Proton therapy comes closest to this goal from the all available methods. The principle ofproton radiotherapy is use of accelerated hydrogen particles - protons, which are directed to the tumors. Due to the interaction of protons with the tissue, majority of the energy is deposed at a certain depth in tissue, in the so-called Bragg peak of absorption. The dose of radiation is very precisely delineated and there is no extra dose behind the tumors it. High-precise proton therapy requires a high-end technology within the whole radiotherapy chain. Tumor has to be examined and defined using combination of CT, MRI and PET. Reproducibility of the patient position requires special fixation devices. Each individual fraction of radiation must be done with image - guidance (IGRT) technology. The benefit of protons is minimizing the dose delivery to the healthy tissue. This applies for organs near the tumors and also for integral dose of organism. Therefore; proton therapy is most appropriate in situations where we expect a significant chance of curability in patient with expected long-term survival and high risk of side effects. Typical cases for proton radiotherapy are children with a malignant disease or brain tumors (meningioma, low-grade glioma) in young cancer patients. The second group of indications is cancers that are not curable with photon radiotherapy due to their location or low sensitivity to radiation. This group includes for example cancer of the pancreas or retroperitoneal sarcoma. Treatment results for various diagnoses will be presented. Proton radiotherapy is a new option in treatment of malignant tumors that pushes the limits of radiation oncology forward, onto a higher level.
PREDICTION OF BREAST CANCER POSSIBILITY IN THE GENERAL HEALTH NETWORK
Authors: Barateli V. T , Taschiev R. K
Published: December 2023

Aim of this study is to formulate an algorithm based on neural network modelling to calculate the index of individual risk of breast cancer (BC). We examined 1440 women. All subjects aged 18 to 85 years. To achieve the objective used clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods (mammography, ultrasonography). Questionnaire method, methods for constructing artificial neural network models and logistic regression models, as well as the program «oncologist» are based on a neural network. 12 women of 360 clinically healthy women surveyed were assigned to high-risk group. The majority were women 41-50 age group - (75 ± 0,1%). Women aged 51-60 totalled 16,7 ± 0,1%, in 31-40 years - 8,3 ± 0,1%. In the «medium risk» assigned 95 women - 26,4 ± 0,1%, in the « low risk « - 253 women 70,3 ± 0,1%. Statistically significant differences (p < 0,001). Belonging to high-risk groups increases the reliability of the pathological process in 2.2 (CI 1,4-3,5 ) times (p < 0,001). In women at high and medium risk of developing breast cancer as a result of a comprehensive survey found suspected breast cancer one woman (by histological examination - fibroadenoma), fibro-cystosis disease (FCD) in 18 women with one woman - fibroadenoma of the breast. In the low-risk group for breast cancer FCD was detected in 4 women, nodules were not identified. Statistically significant (p < 0,001) risk factors were set up for each age group in the Bukovynskoy region, which make up the largest proportion. An automated system (based on a neural network, which allows you to create « high-risk « of breast cancer and precancerous diseases. Sensitivity of predictive models - 79,8%, specificity - 79,0% with 86,3% diagnostic accuracy.
The role of international legal mechanisms of medicine circulation regulation in the delivery of effective cancer care
Authors: Malichenko V. S. , Malichenko S. B , Yavisya A. M
Published: December 2023

The present demographic situation, changing morbidity structure and the rapid spread of cancer in the world impose serious challenges to the world community, particularly in terms of ensuring access to safe and effective medicines for cancer treatment. The current situation calls for reform of the international legal mechanisms governing the circulation of medicines.
Gestational trophoblastic disease: classification and prognostic factors (part I)
Authors: Bistritskaya D. A , Tikhonovskaya M. N , Mescheryakova L. A , Kuznetsov V. V , Davidova I. Yu
Published: December 2023

Major research studies on the current predictors of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) were not conducted in Russia. The prognostic value of new prognostic factors such as the level of beta - hCG in spinal fluid in patients with disseminated tumor, the level of placental lactogen (PL) in patients with GTD have not been studied. Until now, there is no earlier criterion of tumor resistance to conventional chemotherapy (parameters beta - HCG, tumor size, etc.). As a result, clinicians often plan GTD treatment of patients according to clinical stage, apply non-standard chemotherapy regimens, which contributes to the development of tumor resistance and significantly worsens the prognosis of the disease. Thus, timely diagnosis and proper staging of GTD, it is important to optimize treatment planning. Proper treatment at an early stage can cure the vast majority of patients, using high-efficiency and low-toxicity standard first line chemotherapy regimens without harm to the reproductive health of women and reduce their quality of life. Comprehensive study of predictors of GTD will allow better planning of treatment, identify early factors tumor resistance to conventional chemotherapy and to develop evidence-based recommendations for optimizing the treatment of patients with GTD.
Some features of maintaining patients with malignant lungs tumors complicated by pulmonary bleeding
Authors: Shoykhet Yakov N. , Fokeev S. D , Maksimenko A. A , Korkin M. I , Kazantseva E. S , Sedov V. K , Kurtukov V. A , Ageev A. G , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

The first symptom of a lung cancer is pulmonary bleeding. This symptom indicates prevalence of primary process in majority of patients, and treatment consists of a palliative conservative stopping pulmonary bleeding therapy. Tube blockade by the endobronchial back pressure valve «Madlung» was carried out in 13 patients of the main group in relation to the group of comparison which reduced a lethality from bleeding. Besides in 4 patients with an inoperable lung cancer complicated by pulmonary bleeding due to a bronchoblokator «Madlung», the complex treatment including - endoscope bronchial occlusion with the subsequent chemotherapy therapy was carried out. This treatment increased patients ’ survival in comparison with the main group and comparison group.
Luminal breast cancer heterogeneity among women of different reproductive state
Authors: Kit O. I , Shatova Yuliana S. , Todorov S. S , Lisutin A. Je , Gudtskova T. N , Kechedzhieva Je. Je
Published: December 2023

The conducted research included 850 patients with breast cancer, treated in the FSBD «RNIOI» Ministry of Health RF in the period 2010-2013. Among them 649 had luminal tumors. According to our results their nature depend on menstrual state. The proprtion of the hormone-positive tumors prevails in all groups (p
Systematic review of the YB-1 protein prognostic value in breast cancer patients: overall and progression free survival
Authors: Guens Gelena P. , Fedyaeva V. K , Rebrova O. Yu
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The role of the multi-Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) as a prognostic marker in relation to BC aggressiveness and resistance of tumors to chemotherapy is not sufficiently clear. Objective. The systematic search and analysis of scientific publications describing studies of the predictive power of expression (high, low) and localization (nuclear, cytoplasmic) of YB-1 for overall survival and progression free survival in patients with breast cancer. Methods. A systematic search was carried out in Medline database and the Cochrane Library in April 2014. Of the 88 studies found, we selected for further analysis 2 prospective cohort studies and 7 retrospective studies. We assessed the methodological quality of the selected studies taking into account study design, the risks of systematic biases and risks of incorrect statistical analysis. Results. The included studies varied in their methodological quality (from IIa to IIIc). The expression level (high vs. low) of YB-1 protein when localized in the nucleus of tumor cells is a predictor of overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer. The predictive role of cytoplasm localization of YB-1 for OS is not proven. The role of the protein expression level of YB-1 as a predictor ofprogression free survival (PFS) is not proven both for nucleus and cytoplasm localizations. The role of protein localization of YB-1 (nucleus vs. cytoplasm) at high and low levels of expression as a prognostic factor of OS and PFS in patients with breast cancer requires further studies.
The correlation between different biomolecular breast cancer subtypes frequency and the menstrual state
Authors: Kit O. I , Shatova Yuliana S. , Todorov S. S , Gudtskova T. N
Published: December 2023

The dependence of the biomolecular subtype’s frequency from the reproductive state among the 850patients treated in the FSBD «RNIOI» Ministry of Health of RF in the period of2010-2013 was analyzed. By the St. Gallen’s recommendations they were divided into 4 groups by biological subtypes, and then, into 3 subgroups by the reproductive state. According to our results the biomolecular subtype development directly depends from women menstrual state. Totally the luminal B subtype was the most frequent (59,9%) and the Her2neu + subtype on the contrary (7,4%) (p < 0,05), and the majority of the patients were postmenopausal (52,4%) (p < 0,05). The part of the hormone-positive cancer (76,4%) prevails under the hormone-negative (23,6%) in all groups (p < 0,05), but in the reproductive group more than in others (79,8% against 20,2%). Consequently the Her2neu + and TNC frequency in these groups were the less (p < 0,05). In the postmenopausal group Her2neu + subtype was less common (7% against 9% in premenopausal group) (p < 0,05), but TNC on the contrary (18% against 12,8% in reproductive group) (p < 0,05). The luminal B subtype in premenopausal group was less common than in others (55,9% against 67,5% in reproductive group) (p < 0,05). Whereas the luminal A and Her2 + more frequent (19,3% against 12,3% in reproductive group and9% against 7% and 7,4% correspondingly) (p < 0,05). Thus, only TNC keep steadily growing by changing from reproductive state to postmenopausal. However, the tendency lines of other biomolecular subtypes frequency differ crucially. They have peaks in the premenopausal period and differently directed tendencies to the baseline after it. In order to this we estimate the premenopausal period as a special for the luminal and HER2neu + breast cancer subtypes development risk.
Analysis of the use ultrasound in the complex diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Danzanova Tat’yana Yu. , Sinyukova G. T , Lepedatu P. I , Kudashkin N. E
Published: December 2023

Objective - to determine the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Material and methods. Ultrasound examination conducted in 120 cholangiocarcinoma patients. The results were confirmed by data from other research methods, biopsy, surgical palpation and histopathological examination of the resected material. Results. The most difficult is to diagnose tumors of the distal portions of common bile duct. Sensitivity of ultrasound, X-ray CT, MRI, surgical evaluation in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma was: in intrahepatic type - 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%; hilus type - 69%, 75%, 86%, 92%; distal type - 37%, 42%, 69%, 80%. Ultrasound found no evidence of intrahepatic CCA semiotic signs that would distinguish it from other liver cancers. The features of infiltrative tumor growth bile ducts - hyperechoic structure infiltration along the outer contour of the ducts, or hypoechoic structure infiltration at the thickening of the walls of the ducts. The ultrasonic semiotics of modified metastatic lymph nodes has been developed. Conclusion. Ultrasound showed highly informative diagnostic ultrasound in determining the expansion of the bile ducts; the tumor has spread to the liver and lymph nodes. Recommended to extend indications for intraoperative ultrasonography with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to delineate tumor lesions ducts.
The first experience of radial artery approach for uterine fibroid embolization
Authors: Khayrutdinov Evgeniy R. , Ignatiev Yu. T , Vorontsov I. M , Kravchenko E. N , Tsygankova O. Yu , Popov S. P , Leonov O. V
Published: December 2023

The authors have used for the first time transradial approach for uterine fibroid embolization. We represent a comparable analysis of transradial and transfemoral approach for uterine fibroid embolization. The major advantages of transradial approach are described.
Prostate cancer metastasis in young and middle-aged men
Authors: Ganov Dmitriy I. , Varlamov S. A , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

For the first time detected prostate cancer in men up to the age of 60 years was identified in 638 patients, accounting for 9.4 percent of all patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer before the age of 60 years. prostate cancer first identified before the age of 60 years, 20% of males has a metastatic nature. more than 73% of the patients are aged 54-59 years The localization of metastasis in men with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer before the age of 60 years are the bones of the skeleton, more than 80% lesion is localized in the bones of the pelvis and lumbar spine.
Capecitabine in combination with radiotherapy for treatment of brain metastases in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Moskvina Ekaterina A. , Gorbunova V. A , Naskhletashvili D. R , Medvedev S. V , Bekyashev A. Kh , Belov D. M
Published: December 2023

The article reviews the experience of capecitabine application in 65 breast cancer (BC) patients with metastatic brain damage. 35 patients underwent early chemoradiation, (brain irradiation) simultaneously with the start of capecitabine. In 30 patients delayed chemoradiation was conducted, in the first phase - induction chemotherapy with capecitabine, then brain irradiation in patients receiving capecitabine. The effectiveness of the immediate and long-term outcomes in the two groups was analyzed. In the group of early chemoradiotherapy objective effect in the brain was 77.2%. The median time to progression - 15.3 months. The median survival - 22 months. In the group of delayed chemoradiotherapy objective effect was 56.6%. The median time to progression - 12 months. The median life expectancy - 15.1 month. When comparing the time to disease progression in the brain in early chemoradiotherapy group (15.3 months), and the group of delayed chemoradiotherapy (12 months), and also when comparing the median survival in early groups (22 months) and delayed (15, 1 month.) chemoradiotherapy statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.3; p = 0.25, respectively). The reviewed modes of chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine (early and delayed chemoradiotherapy) had comparable effectiveness.
Experience of using compression sonoelastography for diagnosis of metastatic lesions of the lymph nodes in patients wit breast cancer
Authors: Safronova Mariya A. , Solovyev V. I , Borsukov A. V
Published: December 2023

In this article we consider the experience of compression sonoelastography lymph nodes in the axillary region preoperative diagnostic algorithm of examination ofpatients with malignant tumors of the mammary glands.
Clinical efficiency of intra-cavity biotherapy patients with malignant effusions
Authors: Titov Konstantin S. , Demidov L. V , Shubina I. Zh , Gritsay A. N , Egorova A. V , Kiselevsky M. V
Published: December 2023

The study evaluatedfeasibility, safety and effectiveness of cell biotherapy based on allogenic LAK-cells in combination with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) used for sistem antitumor immunotherapy. The clinical study involved cancer patients with metastatic effusions resistant to systemic chemotherapy. The results showed that intra-cavity immunotherapy was highly effective and well tolerated in treatment of patients with malignant effusions.
Significance of regular somatostatin analogues and interferon-alfa application in patients with highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (clinical case)
Authors: Emelianov Galina S. , Gorbunova V. A , Orel N. F , Markovich A. A , Kuzmiovn A. E , Selchuk V. Yu
Published: December 2023

Presented clinical case demonstrates the importance of regular use of somatostatin analogues and interferon-alpha in patients with well differentiated NETs.
Relationship between clinical and morphological parameters and survival in non-small cell lung cancer with protein expression and gene HER2-neu amplification
Authors: Kobyakov Dmitriy S. , Avdalyan A. M , Lazarev A. F , Lushnikova E. L , Nepomnyaschikh L. M
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Study of the content ofprotein HER2 and gene HER2 , CEP17 in conjunction with clinical and morphological parameters and survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Material and methods. Investigated 218 surgery samples of non-small cell lung cancer. HER2 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry (clone 4B5, «Ventana») andgene HER2, CEP17 by hybridization in situ (SISH, «Ventana»). Results. Found relationship between the clinical and morphological parameters on the TNM system with protein HER2 status and CEP17 (for value N), protein HER2 status and gene HER2 amplification (for tumor histogenesis). Survival ofpatients with protein HER2 negative status better than positive status. Found better survival in the absence of gene HER2 amplification and increase CEP17 or gene HER2 amplification in conjunction with increase CEP17, the worse survival - gene HER2 amplification or increase CEP17. In univariate regression analysis protein HER2 status had an impact on survival. Multivariate regression analysis showed no relationship protein HER2 status and gene HER2, CEP17 with patient survival. Conclusion. The content ofprotein HER2 and gene HER2, CEP17 correlated with clinical and morphological parameters and survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Retroperitoneal neurofibromas and inflammatory pseudotumors, results of resections, involving major vessels
Authors: Tereshin Oleg S. , Zotov S. P , Vazhenin A. V
Published: December 2023

Long-term results of 5 patients treatment, operated for non-malignant formations of the retroperitoneal space, with signs of locally aggressive growth involving large vessels are presented. In all cases, the separation of the tumor from the surrounding structures proved impossible and its forced removal was performed en block with a segment of the vessel - the inferior vena cava and (or) common iliac artery. Resected and a prosthetic artery in two cases. Inferior vena cava in one case is substituted with prosthesis in 1 - resected for without recovery and double lateral resection was performed with a patch of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in one case. The final diagnosis in 3 cases - neurofibroma, a 2 - inflammatory pseudotumor. Results were evaluated in terms from 19 to 280 months. Remission in all cases, there are two signs of compensated venous insufficiency.