bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concepts VOLUNTEER and VOLUNTEERING: historical context and prospects for development (а linguist approach)
Authors:   National Academy of Security Service of Ukraine, Snihur Larysa ,   department of strategic communications and applied linguistics (Ukraine)
Published: December 2022

The article presents the etymologic and the linguacultural analysis of concepts VOLUNTEER and VOLUNTEERING. Etymologic analysis of lexeme-identifier a "volunteer" allowed to define the basic stages of acquisition by it connotations taking into account the cultural and historical context of different countries, namely the United States of America, Germany, Ukraine, etc. The influence of social factors on the acquisition of new meanings by the lexeme-identifier, in particular quasi-military, is determined. It is focused on the fact that in the German and East-Slavic language cultures there are two linguistic units to denote a person who performs work for the benefit of others at his own will. On the basis of the analysis of Ukrainian-language sources, the presence of two lexemes with the same meaning has been proven – the borrowing "volunteer", which came into Ukrainian at the end of the 19th century, and the lexeme ohotnyk- to denote civilians who voluntarily performed actions for the benefit of others, but it was lost during the 20th century. It was determined that in the English, German and Ukrainian linguistic cultures, the linguistic unit "volunteer" acquired a civilian/quasi-military meaning and creates an opposition to the unit with a military meaning. The article also considers cases of the language unit "volunteer" usage in the modern information space. The linguistic and cultural analysis of the concepts VOLUNTEER and VOLUNTEERING demonstrated their discourse-creating potential, the gradual expansion of the pragmatic possibilities of their use both at the state level and in interpersonal communications. So, with the development of a civilized society, these concepts acquired new meanings, which are discussed in detail in the article.
Means of verbalization of values in modern social media
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Tsvirkun Tetiana
Published: December 2022

In the article is highlighted and analyzed the linguistic means of reproducing values in social media. The peculiarities of the interpretation of the category "value" in various branches of science are considered: sociology, cultural studies, philosophy, psychology, and linguistics. In sociology, value is compared to "atmospheric pressure", in cultural studies it is explained as what a person values most. In philosophy, value is defined as significance, that which is desirable as opposed to real. Psychologists distinguish three forms of existence of value: representations produced by social consciousness; specific creations and personal values, and also trace the close connection of values with the subsequent behavior of people. In linguistics, value is considered in connection with the linguistic picture of the world. Research attention is paid to the verbalization of values in social networks, as this is an influence on the consciousness and state of people, the formulation of their beliefs and further actions. It was emphasized that social networks of state structures are becoming not only means of operational information of Ukrainians, but also ways of spreading values. The material for the research was the posts of "Ukrzaliznytsia", "Ukrposhta", "DSNS", "National Police", "Police of Cherkasy Region", "State Border Service", etc. The conducted analysis proved that the values of the nation, freedom, security, care, victory and peace are disseminated on the pages of social networks of official state institutions. These values are represented by evaluative adjectives with positive semantics, the highest degree of comparison of adjectives, modes of verbs, precedent situations, etc. It was concluded that the values are those that are necessary for the Ukrainian society during the period of martial law, and their linguistic expression is aimed at the formation or correction of the existing worldview orientations, consciousness and conscious behavior of the citizens of Ukraine.
The functional aspect of linguistic sexism in the Ukrainian mass media
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Stafiichuk Daryna
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to actualize a concept of "linguistic sexism" in the media discourse through the prism of gender linguistics, which today determines some tendencies in scientific research of modern humanitarian studies. The development of a new political system, the progress of information space, the transformation of the socio-political situation in the country, the emergence of new threats in a rapidly changing world require the development of gender construct in rhetorical theory. An integral part of the modern space is the principle of gender equality, gender democracy and the establishment of gender culture in the world, that is directly implemented into the language. Accordingly, the achievements of gender linguistics study in the media-linguistic aspect significantly affects the formation of moral and material values of modern society. Representation of gender-oriented topics in the language of the media contributes to their public discussion and in the future to overcoming stereotypes in society in the future. The extra- and intralingual motivation of the spread мені не нравиця це спред може wide usage of linguistic sexism in the media discourse was analyzed. Special attention is paid to the concept of "linguistic androcentrism" as a manifestation of linguistic sexism through the prism of domestic and global gender studies on the example of informational media texts. The article analyzes the texts of informational resources of well-known Ukrainian media in order to determine the selection and functioning of a complex of linguistic means of various expressions of linguistic sexism in mass media. Our study also examines the concept of "gender metaphor", its functions and expressions in the language of the Ukrainian mass media. In addition, the article describes ways of avoiding linguistic sexism in the discourse media communication and identifies prospects of further research in a comparative context using particular examples.
Tactics of Surgical Treatment of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Associated With Mild Chronic Epiphyseal Displacement
Authors: Barsukov Dmitriy B. , Bortulev Pavel I. , Baskov Vladimir E. , Pozdnikin Ivan Yu. , Murashko Tatyana V. , Baskaeva Tamila V.
Published: December 2022

Background. The appearing of data on cam-type FAI in patients with sequelae of slipped capital femoral epiphysis characterized by mild chronic epiphyseal displacement suggests that along with fixation of the proximal femoral epiphysis, modeling of the head-neck transition and restoration of the femoral offsets using arthroscopic techniques should be performed. Meanwhile, it is well known that after epiphyseal fixation, complete remodeling of the epimetaphysis and, consequently, disappearance of the morphological substrate of potential FAI can occur due to the ongoing enchondral and echondral growth. In this regard, the issue of indications for intraarticular interventions in studied patients remains currently open. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of FAI in the postoperative period in patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis characterized by mild chronic epiphyseal displacement, and to estimate the requirement of further surgical treatment. Methods. The results of the examination of 32 patients with mild chronic epiphyseal displacement in the typical posterior inferior direction who underwent cannulated epiphyseal screw fixation were analyzed for the severity of epimetaphysis remodeling and the presence of FAI in the postoperative period. Clinical, radiological, magnetic resonance, and statistical methods were used. Results. At the age of 18-19 years, FAI with pain syndrome in everyday life was found in 9 (28.1%) patients 8 of them did not have even partial remodeling of the femoral component of the joint, another 9 (28.1%) patients did not suffer from pain syndrome in everyday life, but had other clinical, radiological and MR signs of cam-type FAI. Complete or almost complete remodeling of the proximal femoral epimetaphysis occurred in 14 (43.8%) patients. Conclusion. In our opinion, therapeutic and diagnostic arthroscopy of the hip joint for the purpose of modeling the head-neck transition at the age of 18-19 years is indicated for more than one quarter (28.1%) of the investigated patients because of the presence of reliable signs of FAI.
Results of Arthroscopic Treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Bogopolskiy Oleg E. , Trachuk Pavel A. , Spetsialnyi Denis V. , Sereda Andrei P. , Tikhilov Rashid M.
Published: December 2022

Background. Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is one of the most frequent causes of hip pain and limited hip mobility in young and middle-aged patients. It is a result of repeated injury of hip structures, that leads to degenerative changes in hip labrum, cartilage and subchondral bone and provokes progressive development of hip osteoarthritis.
Aim of study to analyze own experience of treating patients with femoroacetabular impingement and identify factors affecting its outcomes.
Methods. Retrospective, uncontrolled, single-center clinical study included 128 patients with FAI which had 150 surgeries on 149 joints in in the period from 2013 to 2021. All patients underwent physical examination and X-ray diagnostics, their FAI type was identified. The alpha angle of external part of femoral head in anterior-posterior position and in the modified Dunn 45 position, as well as Tonnis angle, lateral central-marginal angle in Ogata modification and the height of articular gap along the lateral (LS) and medial edges (MS) of sclerosed acetabulum part were calculated. The i-HOT-33 and HOS scales were used to assess preoperative status and postoperative results.
Results. The average follow-up period was 3.9 years (SD 1.71; min 1.05 and max 8.16). The study included 55 (43.0%) women and 73 (57.0%) men which underwent 64 (42.7%) and 86 (57.3%) surgeries respectively. The most common types of FAI, according to our data, were mixed type (53% of joints) and сam type (27.5% of joints). Insufficient coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum (borderline dysplasia) in combination with the сam deformity of the femoral head was observed in 18.1%. Pincer-type FAI was observed in 1.4% of joints. We obtained the worst results with a combination of сam deformity and borderline dysplasia in comparison with cam- and mix-type FAI according to the i-HOT-33 and HOS scales. Patients age, deep cartilage damage, irreparable labrum damage and height decrease of the lateral part of the articular gap determined negative effect on treatment results according to the i-HOT-33 and HOS scales.
Conclusion. Hip arthroscopy showed good short- and midterm outcomes in patients with FAI. Pain syndrome is most often manifested in patients with pathology of hip soft tissue structures concomitant to FAI. The combination of сam deformity and insufficient femoral head coverage, deep cartilage damage and a height decrease of the articular gap are important predictors of poor treatment results.
Biceps Brachii Distal Tendon Ruptures: Conservative and Surgical Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Medvedchikov Artem E. , Anastasieva Evgeniya A. , Korytkin Andrey A. , Lukinov Vitaliy L. , Kirilova Irina A.
Published: December 2022

Background. Interest in the study of the distal biceps brachii tendon ruptures in the recent decade has been caused by the development of instrumental diagnostic methods, the new sports disciplines appear and by the technological workplace environment complication. The main concepts of treatment depend on the injury term, the tendon tissue damage area, the patient functional needs and his/her professional activities, the comorbidity index (CCI), so the concepts are divided into two: conservative and surgical.
The aim of the study to identify the most effective method of treating patients with a biceps brachii distal tendon rupture.
Methods. The study included 58 patients (all men) with a biceps brachii distal tendon injury. They were divided into groups depending on the concept of treatment: a conservative treatment group 20 (34%) patients and a surgical treatment group 38 (66%). The surgical treatment group was also divided into subgroups according to surgical approaches, reinsertion methods and types of fixation. Patients underwent physical tests (ODriscoll, Ruland, et al.), ultrasound to compare the proximal radio-ulnar space, degree of muscle retraction, lacertus fibrosus involvement, and MRI of the elbow joint. The functional scales VAS, DASH and ASES were used to evaluate the obtained results. The results of instrumental diagnostic methods were evaluated with the L. Perera (2012) and J. Fuente (2018) classifications.
Results. Evaluation of the results in the groups of surgical (Ns) and conservative (Nc) treatment according to functional scales after 6 (VAS, DASH) and 36 months (ASES) revealed: a decrease in subjective pain score 1 point, a decrease in DASH to 21 and 43 points (statistically significant decrease in both groups p0.001, difference between groups p = 0.005), ASES: 91 and 71 points (dynamics in both groups and difference between groups p 0.001). Minimally invasive approaches compared with open access (nD) showed better functional outcomes according to the DASH scale: nBA vs nD p = 0.006; nMA vs nD p = 0.013 after 6 months, and according to the ASES scale: nBA vs nD p = 0.007; nBA vs nD p= 0.002 after 36 months. An reinsertion methods intragroup analysis revealed the achievement of peak indicators by 6 weeks without complications in the anatomical variant according to the VAS: nBA vs nMA p = 0.264; DASH: nBA vs nMA p = 0.856; ASES nBA vs nMA p = 0.179.
Conclusion. Comparison within subgroups made it possible to identify the most effective technique combination of minimally invasive access with an anatomical version of intracanal fixation with a cortical button. This technique has shown to have a low risk of postoperative complications.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Post-Traumatic Bone Defects and Acetabular Deformities
Authors: Pronskikh Aleksandr A. , Romanova Svetlana V. , Lukinov Vitaliy L. , Bazlov Vyacheslav A. , Mamuladze Tariel Z. , Korytkin Andrey A. , Pavlov Vitaliy V.
Published: December 2022

Backround. Total hip replacement in cases of traumatic changes of the acetabulum refers to cases of difficult primary arthroplasty and requires detailed preoperative planning and accurate restoration of anatomical relationships in the operated joint.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the structure of pathological changes in the acetabulum in patients with posttraumatic hip arthrosis, to develop a method for their detailed description and to determine the tactics of choosing the type of acetabulum implant.
Methods. The results of treatment of 194 patients with the consequences of acetabulum fractures who underwent total hip arthroplasty in the period from 2014 to 2022 were analyzed. The study was conducted in two stages, at the first stage, the structure of pathological changes, such as defect, deformation, changes in the center of rotation and offset (relatively healthy contralateral joint), was analyzed. A method was developed for choosing the tactics of implantation of the acetabulum component, based on a detailed description of the defect and deformation of the acetabulum. The second stage analyzed the results of treatment of patients for whom planning and surgical treatment was carried out in the period from 2020 to 2022 using the proposed method.
Results. During the first stage of the study, it was revealed that the magnitude of the change in the indicators of the displacement of the rotation center and offset changes by more than 8 mm. statistically significantly increases the likelihood of complications by 17.9%. The restoration of the rotation and offset center reduces the number of complications by 22.3%. The proposed method makes it possible to statistically reliably restore anatomical relationships in the operated hip joint and reduce the number of complications by 10%.
Conclusion. The proposed method allows us to qualitatively and quantitatively describe pathological changes in the bone tissue of the acetabulum. Depending on the degree of displacement of the center of rotation, the walls of the acetabulum and the nature of the defect of the supporting bone tissue, the surgeon can determine the tactics of surgical treatment.
To the Question of Reparative Regeneration in Children
Authors: Miromanov Aleksandr M.
Published: December 2022

The commentary touches upon the interpretation of the term refracture and discusses the hemodynamic features in the area of the emerging fusion in primary and repeated fractures in children. In particular, not only the role of methods for studying blood circulation in the diagnosis of disorders of reparative processes is considered, but attention is also focused on the risk of complications in the conservative and surgical treatment of fractures of the long bones of the extremities in children. It is emphasized that in order to minimize the risks of refractory development, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of a pediatric patient, the method of fixing a fracture, rehabilitation and dispensary observation. The commentary provides a brief overview of publications by domestic and foreign authors on this problem.
Connective tissue dysplasia in children with broncho-obstructive syndrome
Authors: Tsymbal Anastasia A. , Arsentev Vadim G. , Shabalov Nikolai P. , Pahomova Mariya A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Changes in the respiratory system in children with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) have not been studied enough. AIM: To study the features of CTD in patients of the pediatric pulmonology department with broncho-obstructive syndrome and chronic inflammation of the bronchi, to assess complaints and the nature of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients admitted to the department were evaluated according to the table of diagnostic signs of CTD. 380 children were examined, aged 2 to 17 years 11 months. RESULTS: Out of 380 children, the following were identified: with bronchial asthma 309, with obliterating bronchiolitis 18, with bronchiectasis 11, with recurrent bronchitis 42. Three groups were distinguished: 1st patients with CTD (172; 45%), 2nd with increased dysplastic stigmatization (111; 29%), 3rd children without signs of CTD (97; 26%). Most patients admitted to the pulmonology department have signs of CTD or dysplastic stigmatization (74%). Children with CTD often complain of feeling unwell, asthenia, joint pain, they are more likely to have orthopedic pathology. Patients of the 1st group often complain of articular syndrome 19.2%, group 2 13.5%, children without CTD 4.1 % (p 0.001). Complaints about feeling short of breath were presented by 32.6% of patients with CTD, 21.6% with dysplastic stigmatization, and 7.2% in the comparison group (p 0.001). Children with CTD and dysplastic stigmatization more often had chest deformities. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CTD are characterized by asthenic physique, changes in the axial skeleton chest deformities of II and III degrees, scoliotic deformity of the spine of II and III degrees, which may contribute to the development of the pathology of the respiratory system. CTD is a comorbid condition that significantly affects all organs and systems. Timely diagnosis and an integrated approach to these patients are required. Diseases proceed with severe clinical symptoms, require more active examination and aggressive treatment.
Original experimental model of tuberculosis and lung cancer
Authors: Kudriashov Grigorii G. , Nefedov Andrey O. , Tochilnikov Grigorii V. , Zmitrichenko Yuliya G. , Krylova Yuliya S. , Dogonadze Marine Z. , Zabolotnyh Nataliya V. , Dyakova Marina E. , Esmerdyaeva Dilyara S. , Vitovskaya Maria  L. , Gavrilov Pavel V. , Azarov Artem  A. , Zhuravlev Vyacheslav Yu. , Vinogradova Tatyana I. , Yablonskii Piotr K.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The potential relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer has been the subject of intense interest over the past few decades. Nevertheless, the features of the pathogenesis of concomitant pathology remain poorly studied.

AIM: The ain of the study to develop an experimental model of the concomitant pathology of tuberculosis and lung cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on mice of the C57BL/6 line at the age of two months in four groups: 1st intact mice (n = 12), 2nd mice without a tumor infected with tuberculosis (n = 24), 3rd tumor-bearing mice not infected with tuberculosis (n = 23), 4th tumor-bearing mice infected with tuberculosis (n = 24). Individual and group parameters were evaluated using the SPSS Statistica v23 software package.

RESULTS: Tumor was developed at the site of primary transplantation in all mice from groups 3 and 4, which was confirmed by visual assessment and the results of histological examination. Tumor growth in the main group was significantly less than in the control group of the tumor, which may be due to intoxication against the background of tuberculosis infection. All infected mice from groups 2 and 4 developed pulmonary tuberculosis, confirmed by computed tomography of the lungs, bacteriological and histological examination of lung samples. Mycobacterial load in the lungs was the highest in animals with concomitant pathology of tuberculosis and tumor. The survival rate of mice was determined to a large extent by tumor growth rather than by the progression of tuberculosis infection.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study indicate the possibility of creating an experimental biological model of the concomitant pathology of tuberculosis and lung cancer in mice. The features of the course of the concomitant pathology were revealed: Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma develops more slowly in tuberculosis infected animals than in the tumor control group; the development of the tuberculosis process in mice with a tumor occurs more intensively than in the tuberculosis infection control group. The survival rate of mice with concomitant pathology is determined more by the intensity of tumor growth than by the progression of tuberculosis.
Biodistribution and kinetic characters of radiopharmaceutical medication based on biospecific antibodies to tumor-associated stroma elements and 177lutcium
Authors: Trashkov Alexander P. , Gagloeva Tamara D. , Budko Alexander I. , Timaeva Olyesya I. , Kopaeva Marina Yu. , Cherepov Anton B. , Tsygan Nikolay V. , Stanzhevsky Andrei A. , Vasiliev Andrey G. , Pahomova Mariya A. , Maistrenko Dmitri N. , Sergunova Christina A. , Sysoev Dmitri S. , Shatic Sergei V. , Antuganov Dmitri O. , Konevega Andrei L.
Published: December 2022

Biodistribution and kinetics were studied of potentially target biospecific radiopharmaceutical medication for the treatment of malignant tumors of various histologic type and location with expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte membrane associated glycoprotein 4 and glucocorticoid Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor) 177Lu-DOTA-anti-CTLA4-GITR. Colorectal cancer experimental model has been successfully reproduced by means of murine large intestine experimental adenocarcinoma cells (AKATOL) СТ26 EGFR) direct transplantation. The model was characteristic of moderate growth rate and practically complete absence of metastatic spread. Immunohistochemical assay of tumor tissue has revealed satisfactory expression level of target antigens for the medication under study, i.e. cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) as well as membrane receptor of tumor necrosis factor group (GITR). This medication 177Lu-DOTA-anti-CTLA4-GITR has been shown to store in the tumor tissue. Its major pathways out of the organism were through urinary system. On the other hand, the medication has also been demonstrated to store in non-target tissues, namely: kidneys, liver, large intestine. The results of this study may be used in preclinical studies of medications and serve as a basis for broader studies of 177Lu-DOTA-anti-CTLA4-GITR and its safety.
Search for new therapeutic targets in asthma. Review.
Authors: Nesterenko Zoia V. , Lagno Olga V. , Pankov Evgenii A.
Published: December 2022

A review of recent publications devoted to the study of risk factors for the onset of the disease, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of asthma from the point of view of molecular allergology is presented. New concepts and problems in the implementation of the exposome paradigm and its practical application are considered, including genetic and epigenetic factors, environmental impact. The most relevant experimental studies are noted that contribute to further understanding of molecular and immune mechanisms with potential new targets for the development of therapeutic agents. Reliable diagnosis of asthma, endotyping of the disease and monitoring of its severity are of great importance in the treatment of asthma. The heterogeneity of asthma is due to individual genetic and epigenetic variability, exposure to individual environmental factors (depending on regional characteristics, changing climatic conditions and population distribution), which explains the occurrence of asthma is not associated only with allergies. The modern assessment and treatment of comorbid/multimorbid asthma is described, including interaction with asthma phenotypes, which is important for the formation of a new therapeutic personalized approach to precision medicine and testing of prognostic biomarkers. The results of clinical trials, multicenter international studies on the use of new approaches in the diagnosis of asthma (candidate biomarkers) based on molecular allergology and treatment in adults and children using biological preparations are given.
Endometriosis and adenomyosis: common and disparate features
Authors: Deryabina Viktoriya A. , Brus Tatiana V. , Pyurveev Sarng S.
Published: December 2022

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are diseases of the gynecological profile, which are ectopic endometrioid tissue and have long been considered tangible manifestations of the process. Only recently have scientists begun to put forward a theory about the unequal origin of these pathologies. In endometriosis, the lining of the uterus extends beyond it, mainly to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and bladder. With adenomyosis, the nodes grow into the muscular wall of her uterus and thicken. They do not go outside the uterus. Both conditions cause severe pain due to local inflammation, swelling and adhesions in the abdominal cavity. The only reliable way to identify the diagnosis of endometriosis is invasive exploratory laparoscopy with biopsy of tissue samples. In contrast, an enlarged uterus with adenomyotic nodules can be assessed even on routine examination, and on ultrasound or MRI they are visualized in the report. Obviously, despite the high frequency of pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms, endometriosis and adenomyosis has rare causes, clinics and effects on the reproductive system of the female body, which significantly reduces the risk and treatment of diseases.

The review provides a comparative characteristic of endometriosis and adenomyosis in terms of prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, effects on fertility and experimental modeling, obtained from domestic and foreign sources.

Understanding the pathophysiology of adenomyosis and endometriosis opens up additional possibilities for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The development of new diagnostic methods based on modern high-tech methods allows us to assume a preclinical stage and identify the diagnosis, predict and carry out adequate treatment depending on the histological picture.
Blood-brain barrier: peculiarities of structural and functional organization in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: Sklyar Sofia S. , Trashkov Alexander P. , Matsko Marina V. , Konevega Andrey L. , Kopaeva Marina Yu. , Cherepov Anton B. , Tsygan Nikolai V. , Safarov Bobir I. , Voinov Nikita E. , Vasiliev Andrei G.
Published: December 2022

The research of the blood-brain barrier began at the turn of the 18th19th centuries. To date due to the large number of studies conducted, it is obvious that this system has an impossibly complex structure at the organ, tissue and molecular genetic levels. Scientific interest in the changes in the blood-brain barrier that occur during pathological neoplastic processes is increasing. As it turned out, the restructuring of this system is an important and integral stage in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma, a tumor of the central nervous system with the most unfavorable prognosis. Heterogeneous structure with the formation of areas of altered cellular composition, uneven and uncontrolled permeability, provided by a large number of transport vesicles and the destruction of tight contacts between endotheliocytes, active outflow of molecules from the parenchyma due to the continuous synthesis of new portions of ABC-carrier proteins, the creation of an immature vascular network under the influence of high expression of VEGF by tumor cells the main characteristics of the hematopoietic barrier, formed in glioblastoma and supporting its survival. The further research of the features of the structure and mechanisms of functioning of the blood-brain barrier in glioblastoma is a new and promising task in modern neurooncology, the solution of which will not only expand the understanding of the biology of the most common and malignant brain tumor but will also improve the effectiveness of treatment of patients and improve the prognosis.
Asr-ı Saâdet ve Günümüzde Gençlik Kavramı
Authors: ŞENYAYLA Gencal
Published: December 2022

Gençlik, üzerinde çokça spekülasyonların yapıldığı bir kavramdır. Hayatın en önemli dönemi kabul edilen gençliğin tanımı ve kapsadığı yaş aralığı konusunda faklı görüşler mevcuttur. Bütün toplumlarda olduğu gibi Asr-ı Saâdet diye isimlendirilen Hz. Peygamber döneminde de gençlik kavramının varlığı bilinmektedir. Bu kapsamda üzerinde durulması gereken önemli bir nokta kavramın sıklıkla Hz. Peygamber’e refere edilmesi meselesidir. Toplumun bütün kesimlerini önemseyen Hz. Peygamber, ilk Müslümanlar arasında sayıları oldukça fazla olan genç sahâbîlerle de yakından ilgilenmiş ve İslam toplumunun idaresinde ve kamunun maslahatını gerektiren konularda onlardan istifade etmiştir. Fakat yetişkinlerin daha önemli görüldüğü o dönemde, günümüzde algılandığı şekilde gençlik diye bir olgunun mevcut olmadığı söylenmelidir. Günümüzün popüler kavramlarından olan 0gençlik, sosyal bir kategori olarak tamamen modernitenin bir ürünüdür ve aynı zamanda bu dönemin misyonunu temsil etmektedir. Özellikle ulus-devletlerin kurulması sürecinde, milliyetçi söylemlerde ve modern dönem ideolojilerinde gençliğe önemli roller yüklenmiştir. Böylece gençlik sosyal bir kategori olarak inşa edilerek kurulmakta olan yeni toplumların önde gelen aktörlerinden biri haline gelmiş ve mitleştirilmiştir. Belirli misyonlar için mitleştirilen gençlik kavramının analizi, kavrama dair algı ile olgu arasında önemli farklılıkların olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Dini İçerikli Sosyal Platform Kullanımları
Authors: SAVAŞ Ersin
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde sosyal içerikli internet siteleri ve farklı platformların özellikle genç yaşta olan bireylerce sıklıkla kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Hatta bu kullanımların zaman zaman bağımlılık düzeyine ulaştığı da yetkili kişilerce dillendirilmektedir. Nitekim haddinden fazla internet ve sosyal mecra kullanımı neticesinde ortaya çıkan fizikî ve mental hastalıklar artık tanımlanmaya başlamıştır. İnternet ve sosyal platform kullanımları arasında dikkat çeken eğilimlerden birisi de dinî içerikli site ve platformlara olan rağbettir. İlgili durumun sebepleri arasında bu mecralara kolay ulaşım faktörü sayılabilir. Ayrıca farklı birçok kaynağa bakıp her birini analiz etme de önemli bir vakit istediğinden sosyal platformlardaki hazır bilgiler bu konularda merak içinde olan kitleye özellikle de genç olarak tanımlanabilecek yaştaki bireylere daha konforlu gelebilmektedir. Özellikle Youtube ve Facebook gibi sosyal etkileşimin hedeflendiği platformlar dinî içerikli mecralar arasında temayüz edenler olarak sayılabilir. Nitekim ilgili platformların aldıkları tıklanma oranları ve onlarla ilgili yapılan yorumlar da bu durumu destekler mahiyettedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma da bu durumu tahlil etme hedefine yönelmiştir. Bu hedefi gerçekleştirme adına 50 üniversite öğrencisi örneklem grubu olarak alınıp bu konulardaki fikirleri alınacaktır. Onlardan ilgili konulardaki fikirleri nitel veri toplama tekniği olan derinlemesine görüşme ile elde edilecektir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin örneklem grubu seçilme sebebi olarak ilgili konuları merak etme, araştırma ve araştırma neticesinde ulaştığı fikirleri tartışma imkânına diğer yaşıtlarından daha fazla sahip olma durumunun bulunması gösterilebilir. Elde edilen veriler anlama/yorumlama yaklaşımları çerçevesinde analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Van Edremit İlçesi Elma Bahçelerinde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Analizi-CBS ile Toprak Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KARACA Siyami , SARĞIN Bulut , ALABOZ Pelin , DENGİZ Orhan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma yarı kurak karasal ekosisteme sahip olan Van ili Erdemit ilçesinde elma bahçelerinde dağılım gösteren toprakların toprak kalite indekslerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma alanından alınan 52 adet toprak örneğinde toprak kalitesi, çok kriterli karar analizlerinden birisi olan analitik hiyerarşik süreç (AHS) yöntemi ve standart skorlama fonksiyon ile beraber kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, belirlenen 29 adet toprak kalite indikatörlerin minimum veri seti oluşturulması amacıyla temel bileşenler analizi uygulanmış ve 10 indikatöre indirilmiştir. Gerek toplam veri seti gerekse de minimum veri setine ait kalite indekslerinin alan içerisinde konumsal dağılım haritalarının üretilmesi amacıyla 15 enterpolasyon modeli uygulanmış olup, bu modeller içerisinde en düşük RMSE değerleri olarak, Kriking’in simple semivariogramına ait Sperical modeli belirlenmiştir. Çalışma alanı içerisinde toprakların kalite indeksi 0.334 ile 0.634 arasında değişkenlik sergilemiş, kalite çok düşük ve orta olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Ayrıca, gerek istatistiksel gerekse de jeoistatistiksel olarak önemli farklılık bulunmayan her iki veri setinde de toprak kalite indeksi birbirine yakın seviyelerde belirlenmiş ve konumsal dağılım haritalarının birbirine benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Zooplankton Fauna of High Mountain Lake: Sarıncof (Çamlıhemşin, Rize, Turkey)
Authors: GÜRBÜZER Pınar , ALTINDAĞ Ahmet , TEKATLI Gülşah , TEKATLI Çağrı
Published: December 2022

In this study, which carried out on Sarıncof Lake on 13 July 2021, 27 species from Rotifera, 6 from Cladocera, and 3 from Copepoda, belonging to zooplankton groups were identified in a total of 36 species. Among the identified species, Rotifers were the dominant group with a rate of 51 %. This was followed by Copepoda 28.3 % and Cladocera 20.7 %, respectively. The identified species are the first record for Sarıncof Lake, which is the subject of the study.
First Record of Native Egg Parasitoid, Anastatus bifasciatus, on Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs in Türkiye
Authors: ALTANLAR Ercan , KILIÇ Mustafa , ALTAŞ Kaan , TALAMAS Elijah , TUNCER Celal
Published: December 2022

Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is an alien invasive pest that originated from South Asia (China, Japan, Taiwan, Korea) Many studies have shown that the number of invasions by pests has increased significantly in the last 5 centuries and the reason for this situation is directly related to human activities. Halyomorpha halys is considered to be a dangerous pest insect species due to economic losses in agricultural areas of the countries where it is distributed. It has been observed that the pest can have 1–2 generations per year and each egg mass contains of an average of 28 eggs and, furthermore, causes significant losses in many crops such as bean, hazelnut and pear. This study was conducted between July and August in 6 different areas and a total of 18 egg masses that were thought parasitized were collected from grape vine, tree of heaven, kiwi and hazelnut trees ) BMSB infested fields and kept in tubes to determine if they had parasitoids. Emerged parasitoids were fed with the 10% honey water solution and bred in tubes. In this study, Anastatus bifasciatus (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) was recorded as the first parasitoid of Halyomorpha halys in Türkiye.
Postharvest Losses in Onion: Causes and Determinants
Authors: FALOLA Abraham , MUKAİLA Ridwan , UDDIN II Robert Omotayo , AJEWOLE Charles Oladele , GBADEBO Wakilat
Published: December 2022

Reducing post-harvest losses is a reasonable step towards food security globally. However, the lack of deep knowledge of the causes and determinants of postharvest loss poses a great challenge to strategies for alleviating postharvest loss. This study, therefore, identifies the causes and drivers of postharvest losses in onion, in Nigeria, to alleviate the menace. Data collected from 360 farmers between February and April 2021 were analyzed with descriptive statistics and a multiple regression model. Results showed that the primary causes of postharvest loss were rot, diseases and pests, drying, and bruises. While, poor storage facilities, poor transportation systems, long distances to marketing centers, poor agricultural extension services, and inadequate credit were secondary causes. The driving factors of postharvest losses in onion were extension services (β = -0.1269, p < .05), access to credit (β = -0.1054, p < .05), household size (β = -0.2650, p < .01), age of the farmer (β = 0.0557, p < .05), level of education (β = -1.0500, p < .01), farm size (β = 0.3801, p < .01), distance to market (β = 0.2187, p < .05), output (β = 0.1180, p < .01), and length of storage after harvest (β = 0.0635, p < .05). These findings call for improved transportation systems in agrarian areas, overhauling of extension services, making credit facilities available to farmers at affordable interest rates, and developing efficient post-harvest management technologies by research institutes.
Development of polycaprolactone grafts with improved physical properties and body stability using a screw extrusion-type 3D bioprinter
Authors: Kim Su Hee , Park Se Jun , Xu Bin , Lee Jae Hyup , An Sang Jin , Cha Misun
Published: December 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinter including screw extruder was developed, and the polycaprolactone (PCL) grafts fabricated by screw-type and pneumatic pressure-type bioprinters were comparatively evaluated. The density and tensile strength of the single layers printed by the screw-type were 14.07% and 34.76% higher, respectively, than those of the single layers produced by the pneumatic pressure-type. The adhesive force, tensile strength, and bending strength of the PCL grafts printed by the screw-type bioprinter were 2.72 times, 29.89%, and 67.76% higher, respectively, than those of the PCL grafts prepared by the pneumatic pressure-type bioprinter. By evaluating the consistency with the original image of the PCL grafts, we found that it had a value of about 98.35%. The layer width of the printing structure was 485.2 ± 0.004919 µm, which was 99.5% to 101.8% compared to the set value (500 µm), indicating high accuracy and uniformity. The printed graft had no cytotoxicity, and there were no impurities in the extract test. In the in vivo studies, the tensile strength of the sample 12 months after implantation was reduced by 50.37% and 85.43% compared to the initial point of the sample printed by the screw-type and the pneumatic pressure-type, respectively. Through observing the fractures of the samples at 9- and 12-month samples, we found that the PCL grafts prepared by the screw-type had better in vivo stability. Therefore, the printing system developed in this study can be used as a treatment for regenerative medicine.
The first 3D-bioprinted personalized active bone to repair bone defects: A case report
Authors: Hao Yongqiang , Cao Bojun , Deng Liang , Li Jiaxin , Ran Zhaoyang , Wu Junxiang , Pang Boran , Tan Jia , Luo Dinghao , Wu Wen
Published: December 2022

The repair and reconstruction of bone defects are still major problems to be solved in the field of orthopedics. Meanwhile, 3D-bioprinted active bone implants may provide a new and effective solution. In this case, we used bioink prepared from the patient’s autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) composite scaffold material to print personalized PCL/β-TCP/ PRP active scaffolds layer by layer through 3D bioprinting technology. The scaffold was then applied in the patient to repair and reconstruct bone defect after tibial tumor resection. Compared with traditional bone implant materials, 3D-bioprinted personalized active bone will have significant clinical application prospects due to its advantages of biological activity, osteoinductivity, and personalized design.
Türkiye ve Güney Kore Hükümet Sistemleri ve Kamu Yönetimlerinin Yönetim Bağlamında Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇELİKSOY Emine , ALKAN Aysena
Published: December 2022

Kuvvetlerin sert biçimde ayrıldığı sistemler başkanlık sistemi ve yarı başkanlık sistemi iken; kuvvetlerin yumuşak biçimde ayrıldığı sistem parlamenter sistem olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Cumhuriyetin kurulduğu 1923 yılından günümüze farklı anayasalar kabul edilmiştir. Millî mücadele yıllarındaki 1921 Anayasası, 1961 Anayasası, 1982 Anayasası erklerin yetki ve görevleri ile hükümet sistemine ilişkin farklılıklar taşımaktadır. Tarihsel anlamda Türkiye’de en uzun süre parlamenter hükümet sistemi geçerli olmuştur. Parlamenter sistem yasama ve yürütme organları arasında yumuşak bir ayrım öngörmektedir. 2014 yılında parlamenter sistem içerisinde cumhurbaşkanı halk tarafından seçilmiştir. 16 Nisan 2017 tarihinde yapılan referandum ile Türkiye’nin kendine özgü oluşturduğu Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi kabul edilmiş ve 24 Haziran 2018 tarihinde yapılan seçimler ile yeni hükümet sistemine geçilmiştir. Güney Kore’de anayasal sistem 1948 yılında başlamıştır. Başkanlık sistemini benimseyen ülke, ilerleyen yıllarda parlamenter sisteme geçmiştir. Son olarak Altıncı Cumhuriyet Anayasası olarak adlandırılan 1987 Anayasası ile tekrar başkanlık sistemini benimsemiştir. Güney Kore hâlihazırda saf başkanlık sisteminden uzak kendine özgü bir hükümet sistemine sahiptir. Bu çalışma nitel bir araştırmadır. Türkiye ve Güney Kore’nin hükümet sistemleri ve kamu yönetimi teşkilatlanmaları yönetim bağlamında karşılaştırılmaktadır.
G-7 Ülkeleri İçin Cari Açık ve Enerji Tüketiminin Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Panel Veri Analizinden Kanıtlar
Authors: FENDOĞLU Eda , KONAT Gökhan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, küresel zenginliğin hemen hemen yarısına sahip ve G-7 (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Kanada, Birleşik Krallık, İtalya, Almanya, Fransa ve Japonya) olarak adlandırılan uluslararası birliğin 1996-2020 yılları arasındaki cari açık ve enerji tüketiminin ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisini araştırmaktadır. Yüzde olarak yıllık Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hâsıla (GSYİH) büyüme serisi bağımlı değişken olarak seçilirken, birincil enerji tüketimi ve GSYİH’nin yüzdesi olarak cari hesap dengesi bağımsız değişkenler olarak seçilmiştir. Bu amaçla dikkate alınan üç değişken için uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin varlığı panel veri eşbütünleşme sınaması ile araştırılmıştır. Öncesinde değişkenlerin fark durağan olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu üç değişken arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğu ve hata düzeltme parametresinin çalıştığı sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Just War in Political Thought: From Cicero to Grotius / Siyasal Düşüncede Haklı Savaş: Cicero'dan Grotius'a
Authors: ÖREN Ezgi
Published: December 2022

The concept of just war rises on a "just war" doctrine, which has important historical moments, developed on the "justification potential" of war. A better understanding of the just war theory is possible by examining these historical intellectual foundations. For this purpose, this study starts from the ideas of Cicero, who is accepted as one of the most important intellectual premises of the just war theory, St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas, and then the views of Vitoria and Grotius, who represent the transition of this concept to the modern period, on just war will be examined. In the last part, the current intellectual and practical problems related to the concept and the extent reached by the relevant concept will be discussed roughly. In this context, it is thought that examining the periodic intellectual contributions made to the just war theory in the historical process will also provide a healthier evaluation of today's discussions about the concept and the content of the theory.
Kamu Hizmeti Sunum Sürecinde Paradigmanın Değişimi: Yeni Kamu Hizmeti
Authors: ÖZER Mehmet Akif , YILDIRIM Serpil
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde toplumsal yapıyla birlikte kamu hizmetlerinin sunumu da değişmeye başlamıştır. Özellikle 20 ve 21. yüzyılda yaşanan ekonomik ve siyasi gelişmeler devlet örgütünün de değişmesine neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte kamu hizmetleri uzunca bir süre devlet tarafından geleneksel yönetim yaklaşımıyla sunulmuş ancak bürokrasinin tekçi, ağır ve hantal yapısı kamu hizmetlerinin etkin bir şekilde sunulmasını güçleştirmiştir. Bu durum yönetimde bir değişim yaratmış ve kamu hizmetleri Yeni Kamu Yönetimi anlayışı çerçevesinde sunulmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak özellikle etkinlik, verimlilik ve ekonomi çerçevesinde yoğunlaşan kamu hizmetlerinin birer piyasa kurumu olan özel sektör tarafından vatandaş yerine müşteriye sunulması bu alandaki tartışmaların çoğalmasına neden olmuştur. Kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda yeni bir yaklaşım olarak gelişen Yeni Kamu Hizmeti yaklaşımıysa toplumdan ziyade birey özelinde işleyen Yeni Kamu Yönetimi anlayışına bir alternatif olarak gelişmiştir. Kamu yararı, toplumsal çıkar, demokrasi, vatandaşlık ve sivil toplum gibi çoğulcu yapıların geliştirilmesini amaçlayan bu yaklaşım kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda toplum olarak birlikte sorumluluk alınması gerektiği anlayışına dayanmaktadır.
Transformation of the Russian Insurance Market in the Context of External Sanctions
Authors: Т.Б. Соломатина,
Published: December 2022

В статье проанализировано современное состояние российского страхового рынка. Отмечено влияние на российский страховой рынок цифровых технологий. Рассмотрены пути развития российского страхового рынка в условиях внешних санкций. Для преодоления санкционного воздействие на российский страховой рынок предложено обратить внимание на потребительские предпочтения на рынке страховых услуг. Ключевой задачей страховых компаний становится эффективное реагирование на изменяющиеся запросы потребителей и переход от традиционной модели продвижения продукта к концепции клиентоцентричности.

The article analyzes the current state of the Russian insurance market. The influence of digital technologies on the Russian insurance market is noted. The ways of development of the Russian insurance market in the conditions of external sanctions are considered. To overcome the sanctions impact on the Russian insurance market, it is proposed to pay attention to consumer preferences in the insurance market. The key task of insurance companies is becoming an effective response to changing consumer demands and the transition from the traditional model of product promotion to the concept of customer-centricity.