bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE BREEDING RESULTS WHEN USING THE POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BREED
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Shendakov А.I. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The share of genes of Holstein breed was 76.8% in the herd. It was found that during the research period, the normal distributions of milk productivity traits were observed in the herd. The number of cows in the herd decreased, but their breeding qualities increased. The main reason for which animals were culled from the herd was their gynecological diseases (in some years, up to 175 to 188 heads were culled). The protein content in milk varied from 2.90 to 3.39%. Most cows produced milk in which the protein content was at a level of 3.00 to 3.19%. The herd showed positive correlations between the yields of mothers and daughters for the 305-day-long period: 0.234 for the whole herd, 0.517 for the group of cows with 50% of Holstein breed (HF) genes, 0.098 for the group with 51-75% of HF genes, and 0,189 for the group with minimum 76% of HF genes. For the herd, the heritability coefficient for milk yield for the 305- day-long period (h2) was 0.468. The percent of the protein content in milk produced by cows with 50% of Holstein genes had a high heritability coefficient of 0.668. Only cows of the M. Chieftain line showed positive correlations between the fat content in milk produced by mothers and daughters, and positive correlations between the protein content in milk produced by cows of the W. B. Ideal and M. Chieftain lines was found. With an increase in percent of Holstein breed genes (HF) from 25 to 75% and more, there were no significant differences in milk yield among first-calf cows (they amounted to 5,424 ± 83 – 5,520 ± 116 kg of milk). The percentage of fat and protein in milk for the whole herd was positively interconnected (r = + 0.460). On average, daughters exceeded their mothers by 23.3% in terms of milk yield and by 2.0% in terms of the percentage of fat content in milk (of the trait value). The quantity of milk fat and protein increased by 25.8 and 22.5%, respectively. Based on the research results, it has been concluded that the Holstein breed has a positive effect on the productive traits of dairy cattle, but technology optimization is required to continue selection activities.
ECONOMIC PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF OPTIMAL SUGAR MILLS RAW ZONES OF THE OREL REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Kalinicheva E.Yu. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia, Uvarova M.N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia, Zhilina L.N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article justified the necessity of developing a strategy for the improvement of the sugar beet subcomplex of the region on the base of the determination of the close relationship between beet-growing farms, enterprises engaged in the delivery, processing and sale of manufactured products. According to the authors, the optimization of the raw material zone should include the principle of maximum loading of sugar mills, taking into account the raw materials produced in the region, optimizing transport costs for its delivery. The analysis of the sown area, productivity and gross yield of sugar beets gives us the idea that the region takes the tenth place among the largest producers of sugar beets. The yield and gross yield in 2019 in agricultural enterprises amounted to 459.6 centner / ha, 2231.9 thousand centner (an increase of 13.6% and 9.4% compared to the level of 2018).For P(F)E, the average increase is 40%, which corresponds to 481 centner / ha, 18.3 thousand tons. The average sugar content of beets during acceptance and processing ranges from 17.96 to 18.3%, the sugar yield is 15.63%, the sugar content in molasses is 1.68%, and the average daily productivity is 16.11 thousand ton / day, loss in production is 1.27%. The authors found that the production efficiency of the sugar beet industry is directly connected with the growth of labor productivity, the introduction of modern technologies, cost reduction, and thus, each farm has the opportunity to get additional profit. One of the main problems in the agricultural sector of the economy is the use of available resources to obtain the largest number of products. In our opinion, the production efficiency of sugar mills is closely interconnected with the constructed logistics routes for the transportation of raw materials with the exception of repeated shipments, the proportion of sugar beets in the sown area, and the reliability of suppliers. In our opinion, the efficiency of sugar mills production is in close connection with the built of the logistic routes for transportation of raw materials with the exception of repeated transportation, the specific weight of sugar beet in the structure of the sown area and the reliability ensuring of suppliers. The problem of the effective development of the sugar industry is relevant and priority in solving regional policies, the implementation of which will not only eliminate the emerging imbalances and reduce imports, but also support the domestic producer.
BACKGROUND FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORESIGHTING IN THE AGRARIAN PERSONNEL POLICY OF THE REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Lovchikova E.I. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia, Zvereva G.P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The subject of the research is foresight as an innovative tool for managing the agrarian personnel policy of the region. The purpose of the study is to determine the place of foresight research in the management system of the agrarian personnel policy of the region. The study of the problem was carried out on the basis of an analysis of the composition and structure of the personnel market in the agricultural sector of the Orel region, using monographic, economic and statistical, comparison and graphic methods. Foresight is a system of methods for expert assessment of strategic directions of socio-economic and innovative development, capable to influence economy and society in the future. The prerequisites for the use of foresight research for agricultural production are: increasing competition; limitation of government funding; the need for and increasing complexity in the use of innovative technologies. The analysis of the current state and identification of the prerequisites for the implementation of foresighting in the agrarian personnel policy of the region, showed the possibility of using a foresight platform in the Orel region. Foresight should be applied and incorporated into practice - into regional development programs, in particular, into programs to improve regional personnel policy. Foresight will be aimed at optimizing and improving the quality level of the regional agro-industrial complex personnel. For the effective functioning of the foresight platform, the result of which can be an assessment of the personnel development of the region, it is necessary to create a number of conditions: increasing the share of agricultural organizations capable of implementing an innovation-oriented personnel policy; creation of a unified information, consulting and training system; conducting a systematic assessment of the entire scientific potential of agricultural science; promoting the development of a modern agricultural personnel market. The implementation of foresighting into the agrarian personnel policy of the region can become a part of the programs for the development of innovative clusters, as well as long-term and mediumterm forecasts of the socio-economic development of the Orel region.
PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES OF THE GRAIN SUBCOMPLEX OF AIC
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Sidorenko O.V. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

Currently, the government of the Russian Federation has adopted a number of strategic planning documents containing measures aimed at the development of the grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex. In particular, the long term strategy for the Development of the grain complex of the Russian Federation until 2035 was approved. It is a strategic planning document in the grain sector that defines priorities, goals and objectives of public administration and food security, ways of their effective achievement and comprehensive solution. The target indicators of the long term strategy for the development of the grain complex of the Russian Federation until 2035 are: gross yield of grain and leguminous crops - 140 million tons, crop areas – 50 million hectares, domestic consumption – 86.2 million tons, grain export volume, including products of its processing – 55.9 million tons, capacity for simultaneous storage of grain and leguminous crops – 167.4 million tons. The federal project "Export of agricultural products" is being implemented within the framework of the national project "International cooperation and export", one of its goals s to achieve the volume of grain export (in value terms) in the amount of 11.4 billion US dollars by the end of 2024 by creating new commodity mass (including with higher value added), creation of export-oriented commodity distribution infrastructure, elimination of trade barriers (tariff and non-tariff) to ensure access of agricultural products to target markets and creation of a system for promoting and positioning agricultural products. The target indicators stated in the official documents necessitate the search for reserves to increase the efficiency of the grain subcomplex development, increase export of grain and its processing products.
ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSTION OF BLACKBERRIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE IN BREEDING
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Orel Region, Russia, Matnazarova D.I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The work summarized the literature data on the content of chemicals in blackberries grown in various regions of Russia and foreign countries. Much attention is paid to the level of accumulation of biochemical components: soluble solids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and P (phenolic compounds). In the studied regions, a high accumulation of anthocyanins (307-651 mg / 100 g) and ascorbic acid (23.4-54.0 mg / 100 g) in blackberries was noted in the Republic of Adygea. The highest sugar content (9.9%) was in blackberries grown in the middle zone of Russia. The average content of the studied components depends not only on the region of cultivation, but, first of all, on the varietal composition of the crop. The study of 25 blackberry varieties bred in the USA, England and Australia in the Krasnodar Territory allowed us to identify the most adapted of them for cultivation in the south of Russia,the most promising varieties are Thornfree, Smoothstem and Black Satin. In the Republic of Belarus, blackberries are grown on personal subsidiary plots, the most common is the American Agavam variety, which is noted for its high sugar content and the content of P-active substances. At the Maikop Experimental Station. N.I. Vavilov, as a result of studying the biochemical composition of blackberry berries, the following varieties were identified: by the content of dry matter – Oregon, Black Satin, Thornfree; sugar content – Oregon, Silvon, Black Satin, Thornfree, Young; by the content of organic acids – Derrow, Raven (1.67%), Cherokki (1.87%); by the content of ascorbic acid – Himalaya (54.6 mg / 100 g), Derrow (45.8 mg / 100 g), Raven (45.4 mg / 100 g) and Cherokki (47.8 mg / 100 g).
PRODUCTIVE FEATURES OF COWS OF DIFFERENT LINES
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Kharitonova A.S. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

Dairy cattle breeding is a structure forming branch of agriculture. Increasing the intensity of productivity in the dairy cattle breeding requires improvement of animals, which can be achieved through selection and breeding work. Therefore, one of the most important tasks in dairy cattle breeding is constant work to improve the productive and breeding qualities of breeds, types, lines and crosses of the livestock. Further increase in the productivity of a herd of dairy cows depends largely on improving the genotype of animals, increasing the hereditary potential of dairy productivity of cows. This problem can be solved, first of all, both by intrabreed selection, and on the basis of interbreeding. The aim of the study was to study the productive features of various lines of Holstein cows. The research was conducted on animals in the farm of LLC "Yupiter" in the Bolkhov district of the Orel region. As a result of this study, it was found that the control group Wes Back Ideal 1013415 had the lowest indicators of live weight for all indicators except live weight at birth. Cows of the Wes Back Ideal 1013415 line surpass in milk productivity for 305 days of lactation the first-born cows of other lines by 57,606 and 409,888 kg. The highest indicators of milk and specific fat content coefficients for the first lactation were in cows of the control group of the Wes Back Ideal 1013415 line – 1841,145 and 60.006 kg, respectively.
WATER AVAILIBILITY OF SPRING RAPE SEEDS ON AGROCHERNOZEM OF KANSK FOREST-STEPPE
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Kurachenko N.L. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University",   , Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Ulyanova O.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University", Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Vlasenko O.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University", Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Kazanov V.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University", Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Kazanova E.Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Published: October 2020

The influence of spring rapeseed on the water regime and moisture balance of agrochernozem was studied in a field experiment under the conditions of the Kansk forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The study of the water regime of agrochernozem in the crops of spring rape was carried out on 4 test plots from May to September with an interval of 10-12 days. Soil samples were taken from the depth of 0-100 cm every 10 cm. It has been established that the water regime of agrochernozem, functioning in crops of spring rape, determined by soil conditions, biological and physiological characteristics of plants and meteorological parameters, is generally satisfactory in the meter layer. Moisture profiles of typical clayey-illuvial agrochernozem, reflecting the distribution of moisture in the soil for the period May-September, showed drying of 0-30 cm of the soil layer in the period from the beginning of stem growth to full maturation. Precipitation, which fell in the period from June to August, was completely consumed and did not replenish the soil moisture reserves, but played an important role in the formation of the crop yield. The reserves of productive moisture in the 0-20 cm layer were 9-11 mm and were assessed as poor during the period of flowering and pod formation in rape. Intensive consumption of productive moisture during the growing season occurred mainly from the 0-50 cm layer (Cv = 38%) and, to a lesser extent, from the 50-100 cm layer (Cv = 26%). Evapotranspiration moisture consumption by spring rape from the 0- 50 cm was rated at 255 mm. The average moisture consumption for the formation of 1 ton of spring rapeseed was 54 mm with a yield of 4.8 t / ha.
CHOISE OF INITIAL FORMS FOR SELECTION OF PRUNUS CERASUS L. RESISTANT TO SPRING FROSTS
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Orel Region, Russia, Ozherelieva Z.E. , Efremоv I.N. ,   Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Orel Region, Russia,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

The presented article summarizes the results of studies of the resistance of sour cherry genotypes during 2018-2020 to spring frost. The studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of physiology of resistance of fruit plants of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding. The research material is sour cherry genotypes of the Institute of breeding. The purpose of this research is to study the resistance of sour cherry genotypes of the RRIFCB breeding to spring frost by the method of artificial freezing and to isolate the initial forms of resistance for further breeding for a given trait. As a result of artificial freezing, a high resistance of flowers and buds to spring frost of -1.0°C was determined in the genotypes of Businka, Muza, Rovesnitsa, 84847 and 84854. After the action of a temperature of -2.0°C, a sufficiently high level of resistance of reproductive organs was established in the following sour cherry genotypes - Vereya, Kapelka, Muza, Novella, Podarock uchitelyam, Rovesnitsa, Turgenevka, Shokoladnitsa, 84735, 84847 and 84854. After the action of a temperature of -3.0°C, a highly resistant hybrid form 84847 was identified with the least number of dead flowers and buds - 12.0%. The resistant sour cherry genotypes were also noted (Businka, Shokoladnitsa, 84735 and 84854), in which flowers and buds were damaged in total not more than 50.0%. Based on the research results, the distribution of experimental sour cherry genotypes into groups of resistance to spring frosts was carried out. Using experimental data, a highly resistant sour cherry genotype 84847 was identified, which was recommended as the initial form of resistance of reproductive organs to spring frosts for further breeding for a given trait.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS DIFFERENT LINES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE OREL REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education ", Buyarov V.S. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin",   , Orel, Russia, Lyashuk A.R. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia
Published: October 2020

This article provides a comparative analysis of indicators of milk productivity and quality of the main lines of the Holstein breed cows in one of the pedigree reproducers of the Orel region – "ES "Streletskoye". Among the three evaluated lines, the best results were shown by Reflection Sovereign first-calf heifers, which exceeded in milk yield the first-calf heifers of the Montvi􀉫 Chieftain line by 13.6% and the first-calf heifers of the Vis Back Ideal line by 42.3% (P≤0.001). Milk production coefficients of first-calf heifers of the Montvi􀉫 Chieftain and Reflection Sovereign lines exceeded those of the Vis Back Ideal line by 27.1% and 42.0% (P ≤ 0.001). In turn, Reflection Sovereign first-calf heifers also exceeded first-calf heifers of the Montvi􀉫 Chieftain line by 11.7% (P ≤ 0.001). Similar results were obtained for the second and third lactations. In terms of AMF and AMP, the Montvi􀉫 Chieftain and Reflection Sovereign cows significantly exceeded Vis Back Ideal cows in 305 days of each of the first three lactations. In turn, Reflection Sovereign first-calf heifers outperformed the AMF and AMP of Montvi􀉫 Chieftain first-calf heifers. The highest positive correlation coefficients between the amount of milk fat and milk yield for 305 days of lactation were found in cows of the Vis Back Ideal line - from 0.36 to 0.90 (P≤0.05–0.001). Concerning the correlation between the amount of milk protein and milk yield for 305 days of lactation, cows of all studied groups showed high levels of interdependence, characterized by a high degree of reliability - from 0.45 to 0.99 (P≤0.01– 0.001). The total cost of base fat milk produced in 305 days of the first three lactations by Montvi􀉫 Chieftain and Reflection Sovereign cows (per head) exceeded the cost of milk produced by Vis Back Ideal cows by 87.7 and 144.1 thousand rubles, respectively.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NUCLEUS STALLIONS OF STAVROPOL STUD FARM THOROUGHBRED
Authors:   LLC «Stavropol stud farm № 170», Stavropol region, Russia, Klimuk A.S. , Kononova L.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Agrarian Center», Stavropol, Russia
Published: October 2020

Thoroughbred of horses is one of the most numerous breeds in the world. For the beginning of 2020 some 1025 horses were registered in the Stavropol region, including 401 heads or 39.1% of thoroughbreds. In the course of historical development several genetic lines of world significance of this breed have been developed. In the course of evolution a permanent change of structure of population can be noticed: genetic influence of dominant line tends to increase, new branches have been emerging. Therefore, monitoring of these processes is rather essential in order to ensure effective selection. The article provides brief characteristics of thoroughbred stallions used as breeding nucleus at Stavropol stud farm. Zootechnical documents of the stud farm, as well as the summaries of results of body conformation of breeding horses, animal passports, registries of breeding stallions, state stud books on thoroughbred horses, and data from the information system HORSES-3 were used as reference material. Breeding stallions used in the farm, in particular Galakhad, Stict and Dark Star are representatives of three lines: of Tagor, Northern Dancer and Nazrulla. Stallion Gallakhad is the representative of the most successful line of Tagor developed in Russia. Breeding stallions of nuclear stock are characterized according to the line structure and distinctiveness of selection characters, namely withers height, chest and pastern girth, and correspond to standards of the breed. The average values of measurements are 171.0 – 191.3 – 20.7 cm. An average stallions is 13 years old. Therefore, breeding according to lines practiced in selection process gives certain breed constancy, while providing for more genetic plasticity that allows to manage the evolution of the breed, adjusting it to ever-changing requirements and tastes.
Implementation of scalable and energy efficient WSN platform for IoT applications
Authors:   chool of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Beijing,China, Uqaili Junaid Ahmed
Published: October 2020

Background/Objectives: The major problems in WSN are the short-range of RF signals and the short life of batteries of each node. We develop a platform that uses the MAC protocols to avoid collisions between packets and decrease the data collection time. To overcome the energy challenges, the sleep modes, idle consumption, and others solutions provided to extend the node’s life period Methods/Statistical analysis: Based on the IoT applications, we configured different hardware (HW) to collect data from temperature,relative humidity (RH), and carbon dioxide (CO2), and access to this data, and these devices remotely through the internet. For this, the nodes, transceivers, batteries, and the gateway (GW) are analyzed. Additionally, it is configured with the frequency band or the radio frequency (RF) sensitivity to improve the performance of the system developed. Findings: Sensors, repeaters, and the GW were configured to work with each other and be accessed through the internet. The energy consumed on the experiment carried out has been reduced by more than 80% choosing LP modes and enable sleep algorithms over the Node’s OS where the time was also reduced around 80% in comparison with the available options. By set MQTT and SSH services, this application is scalable to be integrated with cloud services and be accessed by remote computers. Novelty/Applications: Finally, the lifelong period of nodes augmented drastically, more range between nodes is achieved and highly reliable data collected with low power consumption. Keywords: WSN; sensors; IoT; CO 2; temperature; relative humidity (RH)
A corpus-based list of academic English derivational suffixes
Authors: Suhandoko S. , Ningrum Dian Riesti
Published: October 2020

The study reported in this paper aims to create a list of academic English derivational suffixes to help EFL teachers decide which derivational suffixes to be taught first and help their learners, especially those of higher education, expand their vocabulary size. Gardner and Davies’ (2014) 3,000-word list of Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) academic was analyzed following Hay (2002) and Plag’s (2006) frameworks by counting the number of words containing the suffixes. This study found 1,251 suffixed words in the corpus deriving from 41 suffixes, which comprise 22 noun suffixes, 13 adjectival suffixes, 4 verbal suffixes, and 2 adverbial suffixes. The suffixes were then ordered into 3 levels based on the frequency; 22 suffixes are put in Level 1, 12 suffixes in Level 2, and 7 suffixes in Level 3. Considering the high frequency, all suffixes in Level 1 should gain more attention of the teachers. The more frequent occurrence of the suffix in a variety of context will provide a greater chance for the learners to get more exposure. Hence, mastering it will likely expand learners’ vocabulary size through combining the suffix and existing base.
Rhetorical styles of Introduction in English language teaching (ELT) research articles
Authors: Rochma Anis Firdatul , Triastuti Anita , Ashadi A.
Published: October 2020

Research articles have been considered as the primary media of knowledge production. Nevertheless, for some undergraduate students, writing a research article can be a challenging task since they need to be aware of its rhetorical styles. Even though previous studies have been conducted to reveal the rhetorical styles of scientific papers, yet tend to focus more on research articles obtained from well-established journals. Hence, this study aims to reveal the rhetorical styles and draw the rhetoric pattern from the introduction section of 73 research articles written by the undergraduate students of English Language Education (ELE) at a state university in Yogyakarta. This is a qualitative investigation whose data were collected by random sampling technique and went through Safnil’s (2013) four analysis stages. As the primary framework for analysis, the modified CARS (Create a Research Space) model (Swales Feak, 2004) was adopted. The results show that Step 2: Making topic generalization in Move 1 and Step 1B: Indicating a gap in Move 2 are the obligatory steps in writing the introduction section. Nevertheless, the results reveal that mostly undergraduate research papers lack 1 step in Move 1, 2 steps in Move 2, and 3 steps in Move 3. The omission of steps in the CARS model by these student-authors seems to happen due to two major factors, namely the scarcity of control over the writing process and linguistic resources, hence suggesting pedagogical implications for academic writing courses.
First-year students’ communication apprehension in learning French as foreign language
Authors: Darmawangsa Dante , Sukmayadi Vidi , Yahya Azizul Halim
Published: October 2020

Learning a foreign language and being first-year students at the same time can be challenging as they struggle to make the transition in learning a new language and adjusting to their new lives as a university student. Students have to deal with not only the academic challenges but also the adaptation challenge since they are making a transition to their new day to day life on campus. One of the significant challenges students frequently faces as a foreign language learner is a lack of communication confidence, which can turn into a hampering factor for their academic achievements. This mixed-methods study aimed to examine students’ communication apprehension (CA) level and explore factors that contributed to their current level of CA. In this paper, the authors measured the level of CA in 57 first-year students of French Language departments in an Indonesian university. Quantitative data was analysed via McCroskey’s Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24). Qualitative questions explored how the first-year students perceived their senses of experiencing the communication apprehension. In addition, the qualitative thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the qualitative data. The findings indicated a moderate level of CA in most of the first-year studentssuch as  fear of negative evaluation which was considered as the leading cause of the students’ high level of anxiety., Meanwhile, while prior knowledge and  a supportive teacher-student relations were appraised as the main foundation of the low level of CA students.
Reaching out to the readers: The translation of Japanese manga in Malaysia
Authors: Chow Yean Fun , Haroon Haslina , Omar Hasuria Che
Published: October 2020

One of the most recognisable aspects of Japanese pop culture which has invaded Malaysia is the Japanese comic or manga. It appears in translation in both Malay and English in Malaysia. Taking into account its foreign origin and the fact that translated manga is targeted at a local readership, translators often resort to the use of notes in the translations in order to assist the readers. This study, thus, intends to examine the type of notes used in the Malay and English translations of Japanese manga, and to determine items in the Japanese manga which required clarification and for which notes are provided. To analyse the use of notes by the translator in the translated manga, this study adopts a qualitative content analysis approach. The analysis involves six Japanese manga and their corresponding translations in Malay and English. The findings show that the translators employ the use of three different types of notes in the translation: notes on the image, notes in the gutter and notes at the end of the text. The analysis also shows that the elements in the Japanese manga which require clarification in translation are giongo/gitaigo, inscriptions, culture-specific elements, wordplay, technical terms and honorifics. There is also a minor difference between the Malay and English translations where the use of notes is concerned. Based on the findings, it is concluded that notes are important in translated versions of the manga in Malaysia in that they provide assistance to readers in understanding certain aspects of the manga.
Chinese teachers’ perception of how TESOL differs from teaching EAP
Authors: Li Yulong , Wang Lixun
Published: October 2020

The last two decades have witnessed a prolific increase in academic activity in the study of English for Academic Purposes (EAP). Many teachers who were trained for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) have been required to teach EAP. TESOL and EAP are two different concepts and teachers transitioning from TESOL to teaching EAP may encounter many difficulties. However, little research has been carried out in this area, particularly beyond the context of the UK. Helping teachers to clarify their perceptions of TESOL and EAP is the first step to facilitate this transition. The present study aims to facilitate Chinese university teachers’ pedagogical transitions from TESOL to teaching EAP by clarifying teachers’ own understanding of these two concepts and by outlining how several different factors contribute to their EAP conceptualisation. By using a multiple case study methodology, the current research has revealed that the investigated teachers’ perceptions of EAP comprised eclectic theories, which overlap with some current EAP literature. Facing a somewhat unethical research culture in China, some teachers added moral rubrics into their EAP concepts as reminders to their students. The teachers reported that TESOL and EAP diverged in discourses and commissions: EAP is more student empowering, but TESOL is more humanistic.
Towards developing colloquial Indonesian language pedagogy: A corpus analysis
Authors: Nataprawira Halim , Carey Michael
Published: October 2020

This study was motivated by the situation that many students studying Indonesian language have problems to understand and communicate in spoken Indonesian. This is because Indonesian is a diglossic language in which different sets of grammar and vocabulary are used between the high and low diglossic variants, whereas students are usually only taught the high diglossic variant. Only the high diglossic variant of formal Indonesian has an official status, while the low diglossic variant of colloquial Indonesian does not. Sneddon observed that in everyday speech the linguistic features of high and low diglossic variants are merging into a middle variant that Errington called Middle Indonesian. This study examines the extent to which a middle variant of spoken Indonesian has formed by quantifying the amount of high and low linguistic elements that are present in a corpus of everyday spoken Indonesian derived from audio-recordings and written texts containing spoken language. We collected and classified a 14,000+ word corpus of spoken Indonesian. With reference to published descriptions of high (formal) and low (colloquial) diglossia, each colloquial item in the corpus was counted and calculated as a ratio to the total N of the corpus. Colloquial features were found with an average proportion of 0.39 across the corpus, indicating that colloquial Indonesian lexicon and grammar may contribute as much as 39% to everyday spoken Indonesian. This result evidences the need to include this middle variant of spoken Indonesian in the design and resourcing of materials within the Indonesian language curriculum.
Construing The Great Fire of London through online media: A case of exploring discourse semantics and register
Authors: Bangga Lungguh Ariang
Published: October 2020

This paper considers the exploration of genre and register of historical texts recontextualised in online media and school textbooks through the lens of Systemic Functional Linguistics especially by exploring their discourse semantics and register features. Particularly, this paper shows how the relation between discourse semantics resources and register variables contribute to the overall organisation of the recontextualized history genres. This paper provides a detailed qualitative analysis of discourse semantics as instantiated in the deployment of APPRAISAL, IDEATION, IDENTIFICATION, and PERIODICITY to give a clearer picture of how history genres in the media are established. A set of corpora consisting of historical texts from online media and school textbooks was used as a main source of data in this study. The historical texts collected from online media were from various platforms including online newspapers, online magazines, encyclopaedia entries, and universities websites/blogs. For the illustrative purposes, two texts from the corpora were selected for a detailed analysis using the discourse semantics toolkits to find out similarities and differences in terms how an historical event – The Great Fire of London – was established.  The analysis found that there was a tendency that historical events could be reconstrued in the media through different ways. The first text informs readers about the fire and its significance in a chronological manner. The second text provides an explanation of the influence of the Great Fire to other historical events. This paper also suggests that history genres tend to be ‘evolving’ as reproduced in varied media discourses. Though still at the infancy stage, this paper offers a great insight into how genres are organised in relation to the choices in register variables and discourse semantics.
NOA Demonstratoren Special
Authors: Nothdurft Lars , Epple Ulrich , Schröder Tizian , Diedrich Christian , Grossmann Daniel , Banerjee Suprateek , Schmied Sebastian , Iatrou Chris Paul , Graube Markus , Urbas Leon , Henrichs Tim Peter , Erben Stefan
Published: October 2020

Bei der Namur-Hauptsitzung 2016 wurde erstemals die im Namur-Arbeitskreis 2.8 "Automatisierungsnetzwerke und -dienste" entwickelte Namur Open Architecture (NOA) vorgestellt.  Mit NOA wird der Versuch unternommen, die bestehenden Automatisierungsstrukturen so zu öffnen und zu ergänzen, dass Innovationen (IoT, Industrie 4.0 und andere) nutzbar werden, ohne die Vorteile der bisherigen Automatisierung zu verlieren. Vier Hochschulen stellten ein Jahr später, bei der Namur-Hauptsitzung 2017, nun erstmals vier Demonstratoren vor, bei denen NOA praktisch umgesetzt wurde. Die Hauptbeiträge der atp edition 1-2/2018 stellen diese vor:Plug-and-Produce-Prozess mit NOA automatisierenLars Nothdurft, Ulrich Epple, RWTH AachenNOA schafft Voraussetzungen für neue digitale DiensteTizian Schröder, Christian Diedrich, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgFeldgerätedaten mit NOA in Cloud-Applikationen nutzenDaniel Grossmann, Suprateek Banerjee, Sebastian Schmied, Technische Hochschule IngolstadtNOA Verification of RequestChris Paul Iatrou, Markus Graube, Leon Urbas, Technische Universität DresdenTim-Peter Henrichs, Yokogawa DeutschlandStefan Erben, Samson
Automation 2030 – Wie wollen wir unsere Zukunft gestalten?
Authors: Dirzus Dagmar
Published: October 2020

Werfen Sie gemeinsam mit uns einen Blick zehn Jahre in die Zukunft und entscheiden Sie selbst, welche Zukunft für Sie erstrebenswert ist. Eine Arbeitsgruppe der VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik hat erneut im bewährten fünfjährigen Abstand den Blick in die Zukunft gerichtet. Dabei wurden mit wissenschaftlicher Methodik vier Zukunftsszenarien erarbeitet, die wir alle durch unsere Entscheidungen und unser Handeln grundsätzlich erreichen können. Diese führen uns in mehr oder weniger gewünschte Zustände. Diese Szenarien sind alternativ gekennzeichnet durch ein Verharren in der jetzigen Position, eine (zu) späte Reaktion auf wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Einflüsse, einen hektischen Versuch, das Ruder herumzureißen sowie eine Initiative zur Veränderung mit großer Entschlossenheit. Diese Visionen hören sich für Sie nicht alle gleich erstrebenswert an? Nun, sie sind, den aktuellen Trends und Handlungswahrscheinlichkeiten folgend, gleich wahrscheinlich – jede einzelne Option zu 25%. Wenn wir jedoch eine klare Vision entwickeln, wie wir in zehn Jahren leben, wirtschaften und arbeiten wollen, dann haben wir jetzt die Möglichkeit, die negativen Folgen der heutigen Ausgangslage zumindest abzumildern und in eine chancenreiche Zukunft zu wandeln. Dazu sind Umdenken, Handeln mit Mut und die „richtigen“ Investitionen erforderlich. Wir haben uns entschieden, diesen neuen Weg einzuschlagen und geben Ihnen Handlungsempfehlungen mit auf den Weg, um die Weichen richtig zu stellen.
Possibilities of computed tomography in the complex assessment of scoliotic spinal deformity
Authors: Vetrile S. T. , Morozov A. K. , Kisel A. A. , Kuleshov A. A. , Kosova I. A.
Published: October 2020

Complex evaluation of scoliotic deformity was performed using CT. Fifty patients with displastic scoliosis of IIIIV degree were examined before and after surgical intervention dorsal correction and spine fixation with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. No marked derotation of spine at the deformity apex was noted postoperatively. Changes of thorax in the plane of apical vertebra were studied and quantitatively evaluated: postoperatively thorax became of more correct oval shape in all cases. Density of trabecular bone of apical and neutral vertebrae coincided with the understanding about asymmetry of deformed vertebrae bone density. No marked immediate postoperative changes were noted. Combination of CT and myelography showed the dislocation of dural sac to the side opposite to the deformity convexity; either partial (up to 6070% in patients with deformity of III and early IV degree) or complete (in patients with severe deformity) disturbance of contrast distribution in subarachnoidal space from concave side and compensatory widening of subarachnoidal space from the opposite side with maximum changes at the apex of scoliotic deformity.
Modern concept of early detection and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Mikhaylovskiy M. N. , Novikov V. V. , Vasyura A. S. , Sarnadskiy V. N. , Kuz'mishcheva L. G.
Published: October 2020

Concept of early detection and treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis is presented. That concept has been elaborated at Novosibirsk Institute of Traumatology and Orthpaedics (Republican Center of spine pathology) and includes the following stages. 1. Screening of large groups of children for early diagnosis of spine deformities using computer optic tomography. 2. Follow up of children from the risk groups. 3. Conservative treatment of children with deformities within 20-40 by Cobb using jacket elaborated at Novosibirsk. 4. Surgical treatment of progressive deformities with individual approach to the following groups of patients: children under 10 years; intermediate group (11-13 years, skeleton growth not completed); adolescents (14-20 years); patients with neglected deformities over 90. 5. Postoperative rehabilitation using segmental instrumentation of CDI type takes several weeks.
Treatment of fractures of the distal tibial metaepiphysis
Authors: Babovnikov V. G. , Babovnikov A. V. , Tsypurskiy I. B.
Published: October 2020

The experience in treatment of 58 patients with distal tibia metaepiphysis fractures is summarized. Two-staged treatment tactics was used. Preoperatively (first stage) skeletal traction was performed. Surgical treatment was applied at the second stage. Depending on injury mechanism five variants of compressive fractures were differentiated, i.e. axial compression and axial compression in extension, flexion, abduction, adduction of foot position. Subdivision of patients by the injury mechanism enabled to detect accurately the fracture zone and to choose the surgical approach. Osteosynthesis by plate was the method of choice. Postoperatively complex rehabilitation treatment was performed. Excellent results were achieved in 30% of patients, good results in 50%, satisfactory in 15%, poor results in 5%o of cases.
Surgical treatment of patients with transverse flat feet, hallux valgus: medical process design
Authors: Kuzmin V. I.
Published: October 2020

On the base of great clinical experience (over 1600 patients) medical technology for the surgical treatment of patients with transverse platypodia and technologic cards for its practical application have been worked out. These cards include ambulatory diagnostic, hospitalization and rehabilitation periods. Technologic card for hospitalization period which was applied during the treatment of 50 patients is presented. Use of elaborated technology allowed to choose the adequate volume of surgical intervention, accelerate patients activization that gave the possibility to shorten the hospitalization period without decrease of treatment quality.
Conceptual model of the pathogenesis of osteochondropathy of the spine
Authors: Korzh N. A. , Prodan A. M. , Kolesnichenko V. A.
Published: October 2020

The new direction in study of spine osteochondropathy pathogenesis was worked out from the point of systemic approach. The disease is considered as continuous dysplastic-dystrophic process. The base of this process is a structural anomaly of the end-plates of vertebral body that changes morphogenesis of the vertebral segment. Subsequent clinical course is determined by anatomic-biomechanic characteristics of the affected zone, peculiarities of spine configuration in the saggital plane as well as by the variants of disorders in vertebral body shape formation.
Features of hip arthroplasty for fractures of the femoral neck
Authors: Lazarev A. F. , Ragozin A. O. , Solod E. I. , Kakabadze M. G.
Published: October 2020

Biomechanic conception of implant choice for primary total hip replacement in osteoporotic femur neck fractures is presented. Criterion for the choice is a localization of load-bearing surface of dense structure in acetabulum roof zone, i.e. sursile. Absolute indications to total hip replacement, use of bipolar and unipolar hemiprostheses are determined depending on the direction and deviation degree of sursile from horizontal axis of pelvis. Based on suggested conception the retrospective analysis of joint replacement results in 58 patients has been performed. The causes of protrusion and loosing of implants were studied.
Maximum moments of lower limb muscle strength in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation
Authors: Shchurova E. N.
Published: October 2020

In 52 patients with lumbar intravertebral disk hernia the examination of muscle lower extremity force was performed. Maximum force moment of crus flexor and extensor as well as plantar and dorsal foot flexors was registered using dynamometry. It was shown that patients with lumbar intravertebral disk hernia had a decrease of maximum force moment not only in the indicator group but other muscles on both affected and contralateral extremity as well. It was detected that maximum level of contractive ability of indicator muscles was expressively influenced by the severity of pain syndrome and microcirculation of compressed spinal radices.
The use of artificial correction of movements and orthotics in the complex conservative treatment of patients with osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine
Authors: Skoblin A. A.
Published: October 2020

Examination and treatment results of 925 patients with lumbar-sacral ostechondrosis are analyzed. Two groups of patients were defined: patients with mainly chronic recurrent radiculitis and patients with radiculoneuritis. Complex approach to the treatment included pain relief, orthotics and artificial movement correction using muscular electrostimulation at walking. Studies using biomechanic and electrophysiologic methods showed high efficacy of that medical rehabilitation complex. Orthotics provided fixation and unloading of the spine, promoted elimination of pain syndrome. Use of corset and artificial movement correction resulted in pain relief, normalization of biomechanic and innervative gait structure, achievement of firm long remission.
Organization of medical and psychological care for patients with traumatic disease
Authors: Kotelnikov G. P. , Sukhobrus E. L.
Published: October 2020

Results of psychological examination of 117 patients with traumatic disease are presented. Psychological examination was performed using 16-points questionnaire by Cattel, personal questionnaire Type of relation to disease, scale of alarm by Spielberger, techniques Type of psychological protection by Plutchek and Copping-questionnaire as well as drawing test by Rosenzweig by 17, 14, 30, 90 and 180 day after trauma. Three periods of psychological reactions were determined: 1st period acute (shock) reactions (114 day); 2nd period interpersonal reactions (1490 day); 3rd period social disadaptation (90180 day). The program of psychological correction was composed and tested on the base of the revealed peculiarities. When program was completed all patients had control testing. Results showed a high efficacy of psychological correction. The problems of the organization of the psychological care for patients with traumatic disease are considered.