bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) Awam Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Siswa Menolong Korban Henti Jantung
Authors: Suleman Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

Henti jantung (cardiac arrest) merupakan kondisi dimana hilangnya fungsi jantung secara tiba-tiba pada orang dengan diagnosa penyakit jantung atau tidak, serta terjadi dengan cepat begitu tanda dan gejalanya terlihat. Kasus henti jantung merupakan momok menakutkan bagi semua orang. Pengetahuan tentang bantuan hidup dasar khususnya pada kasus henti jantung sejatinya sangat penting dan harus diketahui oleh semua kalangan masyarakat awam mengingat peran masyarakat awam sebagai penolong pertama utamanya masyarakat yang berada dekat dengan lokasi korban yang mengalami henti jantung. Tujuan kegiatan PkM ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada Siswa SMA Negeri Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango tentang menolong korban henti jantung melalui bantuan hidup dasar (BHD). Target yang diharapkan dalam kegiatan PkM ini adalah dapat memberikan informasi mengenai bantuan hidup dasar pada para remaja yang tergolong siswa setingkat sekolah menegah atas (SMA) itu penting untuk dilakukan sehingga mereka sudah dapat melakukan tindakan RJP yang merupakan bagian dari pemberian bantuan hidup dasar dengan baik dan benar. Luaran PkM berupa pengetahuan yang dapat direalisasikan oleh siswa, artikel yang dipublikasikan di jurnal pengabdian kepada masyarakat, laporan hasil pelaksanaan PkM. Kegiatan PkM dilaksanakan di Sekola Menengah atas Negeri satu Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango Pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Maret 2023. Sasaran Kegiatan PkM adalah Siswa SMA N 1 Kabila Kecamatan Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan PkM ini meliputi ceramah. Demonstrasi dan tes kognitif.
Mechanical Behaviors of the Single Crystal Two-Dimensional Silicon Carbide (SiC): A Molecular Dynamics Insight
Authors: Tipu Sultan  , Jahirul Islam  , Md. Mehidi Hassan
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the two-dimensional silicon carbide (2D-SiC), which has an excellent opportunity to be used as an alternative to graphene in nanotechnologies such as in nanoelectronics, nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), nano-sensors, nano-energy harvesting devices, and nano-composites due to its unique structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermal properties. Their mechanical properties characterize the stability of the nanodevices. This study performs molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to examine the mechanical properties based on optimized Tersoff potential of the single crystal 2D-SiC at different temperatures, strain rates, point vacancies, and edge cracks. At room temperature (300 K), the obtained elastic modulus and fracture strength are 423 GPa and 68.89 GPa, respectively, along the armchair direction. As the temperature rises from 100 K to 800 K, the fracture stress falls by 21.96% and the fracture strain by 36.90%. An approximate linear reduction in fracture strength is noticed as the temperature rises from 100 K to 800 K. The elastic modulus also falls as the temperature rises but is not significant. Although the elastic modulus is unchanged, the fracture stress increases by 1.84% while the fracture strain increases by 5.84% for a change in strain rate from 0.0001 ps-1 to 0.005 ps-1. The fracture stress and strain are significantly reduced, primarily due to the edge crack, as the concentration of point vacancy grows from 0.1% to 0.6% and the edge crack size increases from 0.5 nm to 1.5 nm. Moreover, anisotropic behavior is also evaluated at 300 K temperature and 0.001 ps-1 strain rate. These findings would offer a deep understanding of the fracture mechanics of 2D-SiC and also help to address the mechanical instability issue with SiC-based nanodevices.
Modeling Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Solidified Al-Sn-Cu System
Authors: Mahin Muntasir  , Razia Khan Sharme  , Mohammad Borhan Uddin  , Mohammad Salman Haque  , Fahim Khan
Published: December 2023

In this study,three samples were created using gravity die casting, i.e.,two modelsof immiscible alloys, Alloy1 (Al-12wt.%Sn-8wt.%Cu) and Alloy2 (Al-20wt.%Sn-10wt.%Cu),along with a control sample of pure Al.These gravity die-cast samples,homogenized at 700°Cfor 2hours,are analyzed formechanical properties and microstructures.Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the changes in the Al-Sn-Cu solidified system resulting from the addition of specific alloying elements. Both Alloy1 and Alloy2 showed better mechanical properties than the control sample of pure Al. The tensile strength of Alloy2 shows a decrease from 110.878 MPato 105.750 MPacompared to Alloy1. However, there isan increase in the yield strength from 30.239 MPa to 32.362 MPa when the addition of tin exceeds 12% and copper exceeds 8%, respectively, which might be because of the alpha-phase solid solution’s interdendritic region that produces lattice strains.The impact resistance and ductility of the alloy are compromised as the hardness increases with the addition of more alloying elements. Alloy2 exhibited the highest hardness at 50.92 HB. The Brinell hardness values suggest these alloys arepotential candidatesto replace antifriction bronzes. However, hard CuAl2 is produced at the grain boundaries when copper percentages are increased, reducingthe impact properties. The effects of different alloying constituents and melt treatment on the microstructural control of Al-Sn-Cu solidified alloy werealso studied. The aluminum matrix with a semi-continuous network (reticular) distribution of tin on the grain boundary was observed. The grain size gradually decreased from 19.65 μm to 16.94 μm and became more equiaxed for Al-20wt.%Sn-10wt.%Cu than Al-12wt.%Sn-8wt.%Cu. The bond between tin and matrix improved with the increasing alloying element. The data obtained from this experiment will undoubtedly contribute to future research in this field
“I’LL ROAST YOU INTO A SHISH KEBAB...”: ON CULINARY ORIENTALISMS IN RUSSIAN PHRASEOLOGY
Authors: Кузнецова И.В. , Димитриева О.А.
Published: December 2023

Работа посвящена анализу русских фразеологических и паремиологических единиц, содержащих в своем составе ориентализм кулинарной тематики. Цель статьи – показать фразеологический потенциал заимствований ориентального генезиса в создании образности русских фразеологических и паремиологических единиц или формировании их вариантов (узуальных и окказиональных). Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью комплексного изучения фразеологизмов для выявления общего и идиоэтничного. Компоненты ориентально-кулинарной тематики на материале русских фразеологических и паремиологических единиц не были объектом описания, и в этом новизна нашей статьи. Материалом изучения послужили фраземы русского языка с компонентами изюм/кишмиш и шашлык/бешбармак, зафиксированные разнотипными словарями и встречающиеся в интернет-источниках. Методы исследования – анализ компонентов, структурно-семантическое моделирование, синхронно-описательный, сравнительно-сопоставительный. Структурно-семантические модели фразеологических и паремиологических единиц позволили проиллюстрировать межъязыковую общность мотивационных идей и в то же время специфичное, выявляемое на уровне образности. Образование новых вариативных единиц на базе и по образцу существующих моделей типично для языка. Смоделированные обороты привносят оригинальность, освежают экспрессию. Материал исследования демонстрирует разный фразеологический и паремиологический потенциал лексем ориентального происхождения кулинарной тематики.

The work is devoted to the analysis of Russian phraseological and paremiological units containing culinary orientalisms. The purpose of the article is to show the phraseological potential of borrowings of oriental genesis in creating the imagery of Russian phraseological and paremiological units or the formation of their variants (conventional and occasional). The relevance of the work is due to the need for a comprehensive study of phraseological units to identify common and idio-ethnic. The components of oriental culinary themes based on the material of Russian phraseological and paremiological units have not been the object of description, and this is the novelty of our article. The study material was the phrasemes of the Russian language with the components of raisins / kishmish and shish kebab / beshbarmak, recorded by different dictionaries and found in Internet sources. The research methods are component analysis, structural-semantic modeling, synchronous-descriptive method, comparative method. Structural and semantic models of phraseological and paremiological units allowed us to illustrate the interlanguage commonality of motivational ideas and at the same time specific, revealed at the level of imagery. The formation of new variant units on the basis of existing models is typical for the language. Modeled phrases bring originality, refresh expression. The research material demonstrates the different phraseological and paremiological potential of the lexemes of oriental origin of culinary topics.
Limits on the Detection of an Ultra-short-period Planet in the TOI-539 System
Authors: Essack Zahra , Burt Jennifer A. , Shporer Avi , Butler R. Paul , Crane Jeffrey D. , Shectman Stephen A. , Teske Johanna K.
Published: December 2023

Characterized by their close proximity to their host stars and scorching surface temperatures, hot super-Earths represent a readily accessible population that can be used to study the atmospheres, surfaces, and formation of rocky exoplanets in great detail. We present our radial velocity (RV) data analysis for the star TOI-539, in search of the transiting ultra-short-period hot super-Earth planet candidate TOI-539.01 detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission. We constrain the planetary mass of TOI-539.01 at the 2.3σ level. Additionally, we perform injection-recovery tests to determine mass detection limits for potential planets in the RV data set. We suggest an intensive RV campaign with higher precision observations to obtain a precise mass measurement and confirmation of TOI-539.01.
Pouvoirs publics et associations en lutte contre la traite des êtres humains
Authors: Darley Mathilde
Published: December 2023

Les liens entre associations et pouvoirs publics jouent un rôle singulier dans la fabrique d’une politique publique de lutte contre la traite des êtres humains à des fins d’exploitation sexuelle. À partir d’enquêtes par observations et entretiens auprès des acteurs du social (associations d’aide aux travailleur·euses du sexe) et du pénal (police, justice) engagés dans la lutte contre la traite, cet article propose de revenir sur la manière dont les associations ont constitué et revendiqué, auprès des pouvoirs publics, une expertise en matière de repérage et d’identification des victimes de traite, en particulier lorsqu’elles sont nigérianes. L’enquête montre à cet égard le rôle particulier joué par la revendication d’une expertise dite « culturelle », associant à l’origine supposée des victimes et des auteur·rices des modalités particulières de commission de l’infraction et d’exercice de la contrainte. L’observation des arènes partenariales réunissant acteurs associatifs et répressifs montre alors comment la circulation de cette expertise contribue à construire des légitimités professionnelles croisées entre les deux familles d’acteurs, favorisant à la fois l’altérisation radicale des populations-cibles de l’action publique et le rapprochement entre logiques sociales et logiques pénales.
L’Union européenne des postes et des télécommunications (1942-1945) : Quelle(s) transmission(s) des savoirs techniques en temps de guerre ?
Authors: Aldebert Valentine
Published: December 2023

Avec l’arrêt des travaux de l’Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) au début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les débats autour de la standardisation des télécommunications semblent au point mort. Contre toute attente, c’est au cours de la guerre que naît l’Union européenne des Postes et des Télécommunications (UEPT), permettant la poursuite des discussions et un recentrage des études autour de l’espace européen. L’UEPT est cependant influencée par le contexte politique et militaire de l’époque. Il est donc pertinent de s’interroger sur la nature de la transmission des savoirs techniques pendant la guerre dans un secteur aussi stratégique que les télécommunications.
Aumann and Game Theory
Authors: Sorin Sylvain
Published: December 2023

Cet exposé, donné le 11 octobre 2021 au Colloque en l’honneur de Robert Aumann organisé par l’Université Panthéon-Assas, analyse divers aspects de la contribution d’Aumann à la théorie des jeux.
The World of Game Theory and Game Theory of the World: A Personal Journey
Authors: Aumann Robert J.
Published: December 2023

Ceci est le texte de l’intervention de l’auteur au colloque organisé en son honneur le 11 octobre 2021 à l’Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, à l’occasion de la réception le lendemain d’un doctorat honoris causa décerné par cette même université. Après avoir remercié les initiateurs et les organisateurs de l’événement, et rendu hommage aux grandes figures disparues de la théorie des jeux, l’auteur décrit son « parcours personnel » dans la science. Le leitmotiv, mis en lumière par ses études universitaires, sa thèse de doctorat et ses travaux ultérieurs en théorie des jeux, est que la science pure et la science appliquée ne sont finalement qu’une seule et même chose. Cela est illustré, entre autres, par la relation entre la théorie des jeux (GT) et l’économie comportementale (BE) : l’idée défendue ici est que les heuristiques et les biais supposés irrationnels par la seconde (BE) conduisent presque toujours à définir un comportement qui s’accorde bien avec l’analyse rationnelle proposée par la première (GT).
A privacy preserving recommendation and fraud detection method based on graph convolution
Authors: Tan Yunfei , Li Shuyu , Li Zehua
Published: December 2023

As a typical deep learning technique, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) has been successfully applied to the recommendation systems. Aiming at the leakage risk of user privacy and the problem of fraudulent data in the recommendation systems, a Privacy Preserving Recommendation and Fraud Detection method based on Graph Convolution (PPRFD-GC) is proposed in the paper. The PPRFD-GC method adopts encoder/decoder framework to generate the synthesized graph of rating information which satisfies edge differential privacy, next applies graph-based matrix completion technique for rating prediction according to the synthesized graph. After calculating user's Mean Square Error (MSE) of rating prediction and generating dense representation of the user, then a fraud detection classifier based on AdaBoost is presented to identify possible fraudsters. Finally, the loss functions of both rating prediction module and fraud detection module are linearly combined as the overall loss function. The experimental analysis on two real datasets shows that the proposed method has good recommendation accuracy and anti-fraud attack characteristics on the basis of preserving users' link privacy.
A geophysical insight of the lithostratigraphic subsurface of Rodafnidia area (Lesbos Isl., Greece)
Authors: Alexopoulos John D , Voulgaris Nikolaos , Dilalos Spyridon , Mitsika Georgia S , Giannopoulos Ioannis-Konstantinos , Gkosios Vassileios , Galanidou Nena
Published: December 2023

The study area of Rodafnidia on the island of Lesbos (Greece) is considered of archaeological interest, as Paleolithic stone tools have been recovered through excavation and collected from the ground surface in recent years. Geologically, the area is mostly covered by Quaternary post-alpine deposits and volcanic rocks. This paper presents the application of a local geophysical survey to determine the volume of the upper Quaternary deposits in which the Paleolithic artefacts can be found and the identification of their ignimbrite substrates. For this reason, the geoelectrical method was selected as the most appropriate for determining the lithostratigraphic subsurface layers. More specifically, a grid of twenty-one (21) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) along with an Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was carried out. The interpretation of the results of these surveys, in conjunction with the results of older excavation trenches, revealed that the Quaternary deposits have been investigated at depths ranging from 0.5 up to 28.5 meters. Furthermore, the lithological boundary of these post-alpine deposits and their underlying pyroclastic ignimbrite flow (with resistivity 24.0–58.0 Ohm.m) seem to dip to the north. The volume of the Quaternary layer is proposed as the maximum depth for archaeological investigation with high chances to recover more Paleolithic material.
Numerical solution of unsteady elastic equations with C-Bézier basis functions
Authors: Sun Lanyin , Pang Kunkun
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the finite element method is applied to solve the unsteady elastic equations, C-Bézier basis functions are used to construct the shape function spaces, the semi-discrete scheme of the unsteady elastic equations is obtained by Galerkin finite element method and then the fully discretized Galerkin method is obtained by further discretizing the time variable with $ \theta $-scheme finite difference. Furthermore, for several numerical examples, the accuracy of approximate solutions are improved by 1–3 order-of magnitudes compared with the Lagrange basis function in $ L^\infty $ norm, $ L^2 $ norm and $ H^1 $ semi-norm, and the numerical examples show that the method proposed possesses a faster convergence rate. It is fully demonstrated that the C-Bézier basis functions have a better approximation effect in simulating unsteady elastic equations.
Digital Copyright Management Mechanism Based on Dynamic Encryption for Multiplatform Browsers
Authors: Chen Ming-Te , Chang Yi Yang , Wu Ta Jen
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the internet and smart devices have developed rapidly. Many people no longer rely on newspapers, magazines, or television to receive news. They can see the latest news using computers or mobile phones. According to a study by the Taiwan Internet Information Center, nearly 90% of Taiwanese people have used the internet. Many online streaming services have emerged, and people can easily watch movies and TV programs through computers or mobile phones. Hence, some websites use digital copyright management mechanisms to protect videos from being directly downloaded. However, 30% of websites use AES-128 encryption to protect their content. If the key access mechanism is not well protected, the encryption methodology may be useless. Therefore, this paper proposes a cross-platform digital copyright management mechanism for adaptive streaming. With this mechanism, users do not need to download additional applications, as the mechanism implements Web-Assembly language through the browser.
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), exhibits large-scale spatial genetic structure across Canada but not fruit host–associated genetic structure
Authors: Nelson Tyler D. , Uriel Yonathan , Abram Paul K. , Moffat Chandra E. , Sherwood Jade , Renkema Justin M. , Moreau Debra , Franklin Michelle T.
Published: December 2023

Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a global pest of soft fruits that is capable of reproducing on a wide range of cultivated and wild plant species. In Canada, D. suzukii was first reported in British Columbia in 2009 and is now widespread across the country. Understanding the genetic structure of D. suzukii populations could be important for pest management if there are phenotypic differences between genetically distinct populations. For example, insect pest populations could respond differently to directional selection imposed by insecticides, differ in their host plant preferences, and vary in their susceptibility to biological control agents. Here, we used double-digest restriction site–associated DNA sequencing to examine large- and fine-scale patterns of the genetic structure of D. suzukii reared from fruit hosts in Canada. We found that this species has a large-scale spatial genetic structure; the flies collected formed two distinct genetic clusters, one of which was distinct to western Canada and the other to eastern Canada. At the local scale, D. suzukii populations showed no evidence of host-associated structuring in British Columbia, suggesting that pest management tactics may be best applied at the landscape level. Our results highlight the need to investigate phenotypic differences between western and eastern D. suzukii populations in Canada.
Review of Teresa Heinz Housel’s Mental Health among Higher Education Faculty, Administrators, and Graduate Students: A Critical Perspective (Rowman & Littlefield, 2021)
Authors: Walter Michelle
Published: December 2023

What does it mean to be mentally ill in academia? This is the central question of Teresa Heinz Housel’s edited book which focuses on the experiences of academic staff, university administrators, and graduate students experiencing mental illness and mental health distress. Divided into three sections of four chapters each, including “Mental Health Distress and Mental Illness in Academic Culture,” “Intersections of Mental Health and Marginalised Academic Populations” and “Institutional Policies on Mental Health and Recommendations for Best Practice,” the book covers a variety of perspectives and experiences and draws on both qualitative and quantitative research methods. [...]
Updated BG Prasad’s Socioeconomic Status Classification for the Year 2023
Authors: Ghodke Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Socioeconomic scales are used to determine the socioeconomic status of a study subject which in turn affects the health and nutritional status. BG Prasad’s scale of socioeconomic status uses only one criterion i.e. income. Therefore, it is easy to calculate and the most used socioeconomic scale to classify a study subject. It is used for both urban and rural areas. The consumer price index for industrial workers measures inflation at household level. As the consumer price index for industrial workers is used to calculate the income ranges for a study subject and it is released for every month by Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour and Employment, it is imperative to update the BG Prasad’s scale every month.
Prevalence of Stunting and its Biosocial Determinants among Young Children Enrolled at Urban Anganwadi Centers in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand
Authors: Jasrotia Aakriti , Saxena Vartika , Bahurupi Yogesh Arvind , Singh Pallavi
Published: December 2023

Background:

Stunting is a significant public health problem in childhood in developing countries. Sustainable Developmental Goals have mandated that each country reduce stunting by 50% by 2030. However, despite various nutrition and health programs, India still faces a massive burden of stunting. With the increasing urbanization in the country and its typical challenges related to health and nutrition, chronic malnutrition is a massive problem in urban areas, especially among people in the lower wealth quintile. Hence, current study has attempted to estimate the prevalence of stunting among children (0–6 years) and its determinants.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Urban Anganwadi centers of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, for 6 months, from December 2021 to May 2022. Three hundred ten children from 13 selected Anganwadi centers were included using random sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured validated and pretested questionnaire using Epicollect 5.0. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 version to estimate the prevalence of stunting and associated risk factors.

Results:

Out of 310 participants, 71 (22.9%) were stunted. Female children were slightly more stunted (24.7%) than males (21.1%). Maximum stunting (33.4%) was observed among children in the 5–6-year age group, and children with higher birth order were much more stunted. Stunting was reported more in children who were breastfed on demand (33.8%) than those fed every 2 hours (19.3%).

Conclusion:

Stunting prevalence in urban areas of Rishikesh is 22.9%, which is almost similar to the state average of 24.3% for urban areas; however, it was higher in comparison to the SDG 2030 global target of ending malnutrition of all forms. Stunting was significantly associated with feeding on demand and eating frequency less than twice a day.
The Indian Health and Demographic Surveillance System Network: Opportunity to Generate Evidence for Public Health Policy
Authors: Yadav Arun K. , Patil Rutuja , Juvekar Sanjay ,   IHN Network*
Published: December 2023

The Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) is a valuable longitudinal cohort study that tracks the health and demographic changes of a geographically defined population, serving as a platform for research and evidence-based policymaking. In India, there are nearly 20 HDSS sites covering diverse areas and populations totaling around two million. To foster collaboration, the Indian HDSS Network (IHN) was formed, comprising 19 sites from 16 institutes, covering a population of 1.5 million. The IHN aims to standardize data collection processes while allowing site-specific autonomy, generating high-quality longitudinal health, and demographic data. To ensure effective coordination, a governance structure with a rotating secretariat and working committee was proposed. The IHN envisions conducting robust multicentric research, supporting data-driven efforts to improve population health, and promoting research-policy synergy. The network’s outcomes have the potential to optimize health research funding, generate epidemiological data, and provide evidence for public health policy. Collaboration within the IHN strengthens HDSS sites in newer technologies and community-based research, fostering capacity building. Seed funding is being sought to formalize and support the day-to-day functioning of the network, which holds promise for advancing population health and informing policymaking in India.
A Comment on Mercantilism in the Trichological Sciences
Authors: Trüeb Ralph Michel
Published: December 2023

A quasi-scientific interest in hair loss and hair care originated in a London barbershop, and became known as trichology, with the Institute of Trichologists being founded. Other corporations successively followed, offering paid courses by home-study for training of initiates who desire more knowledge about hair. Trichologists are not medically qualified but are taught the practice of care and treatment of the hair and scalp in health and disease within their restricted but specialized role. With the advent of opportunities in the social media, and of epiluminiscence microscopy, a procedure practiced by the guild of trichologists long before its nominal introduction as trichoscopy into dermatologic practice, representatives of the medical profession are following the example of the trichologists in offering online courses, though with a better understanding of clinical-pathological correlations based on their academic learning. Despite the enthusiasm emerging with its establishment as a dermatologic tool in the diagnosis of hair and scalp disorders, caution is warranted not to elevate trichoscopy to something like a fetish status. As a diagnostic procedure, trichoscopy is to be understood as representing an integral part of a comprehensive dermatological examination. The Hippocratic Oath is one of the oldest binding documents in history, allegedly still held sacred by physicians: to treat the ill to the best of one’s ability, to preserve a patient’s privacy, and to teach the secrets of medicine to the next generation without fee. And yet, as in no other field of medicine, paid online courses on trichoscopy are flourishing and with a primary commercial aim. However, dermato-trichology, or trichiatry require the same due diligence as any other medical discipline, with respect to its practice and its ethics. Medical artistry is neither reducible to a single hand-held diagnostic technique nor is it negotiable.
Comment on Topical Dapsone for Folliculitis Decalvans
Authors: Trüeb Ralph Michel , Luu Ngoc-Nhi Catharina , Rezende Hudson Dutra
Published: December 2023

Folliculitis decalvans (FD) represents a chronic and recurrent pustulofollicular scalp inflammation resulting in scarring alopecia. The presence of a bacterial bioflilm at the interface of the hair shaft may provide an explanation for the chronicity and high relapse rate of FD, even after prolonged systemic antibiotic treatments. We originally read with enthusiasm Melián-Olivera et al.’s retrospective study of patients with FD treated with topical dapsone published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. However, we experienced an unsuccessful trial of 5% dapsone gel in a patient with FD resulting in worsening of the disease with a pustular flareup and questioned why positive study reports with novel therapeutic options in dermatology often fail in practice. The authors admitted the limitations of their study: small sample size, retrospective, uncontrolled nature of the study, and concomitant use of other treatments. Clinical research ultimately aims at improving the patient outcome. For this purpose, trials must evaluate the outcomes that genuinely reflect the clinical utility of drugs. Therefore, we postulate stricter criteria for treatment trials and statistics in dermatology before publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals to avoid frustrations of physicians and patients alike.
Low-dose Oral Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia: Evidence and Experience-based Consensus Statement of Indian Experts
Authors: Godse Kiran , De Abhishek , Vedamurthy Maya , Shankar D. S. Krupa , Shah Bela , Girdhar Mukesh , Bhat Ramesh , Ganjoo Anil , Tahiliani Sushil , Patil Anant
Published: December 2023

Alopecia is a highly prevalent condition worldwide including in India. There are different types of alopecia with differing etiology, presentation, and hence treatment. Androgenetic alopecia represents the most common form of hair loss affecting male as well as female population termed as male and female pattern hair loss, respectively. Several treatment options are available for the treatment of alopecia with often unsatisfactory results resulting in psychological distress among such patients. Topical minoxidil is known to be effective in the treatment of alopecia. However, oral minoxidil is not currently approved for the treatment of alopecia. This expert consensus is prepared to provide guidance to the clinicians regarding the use of oral minoxidil in the treatment of alopecia. Extensive literature review was performed to prepare the draft consensus which was then revised based on the suggestions and comments from the experts. The final draft was circulated to the experts for review and approval. This consensus document provides overview of evidence related to oral minoxidil and consensus from the experts for its use in the treatment of minoxidil.
Sarcoidosis and Smoking: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tendolkar Manjit Sharad , Tyagi Rahul , Marwah Vikas , Shrinath V. , Handa Ajay
Published: December 2023

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease with an unknown etiology. The role of smoking in the development of sarcoidosis remains unclear. We study the association of smoking with sarcoidosis.

Methods:

Articles reporting the association between smoking and sarcoidosis till June 01, 2023, were retrieved from PubMed and Cochrane Database. A random effect model was used to perform meta-analysis.

Results:

After screening 192 records, we included seven studies. The total sample size was 1642 cases of sarcoidosis and 4207 controls. The pooled odds ratio was 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.38–0.79), implying a negative association between sarcoidosis and smoking.

Conclusion:

There is a decreased risk of sarcoidosis among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Further research is required to ascertain the association between smoking and sarcoidosis.
Correlation between Physician-Administered International Prostate Symptoms Score and Peak Urine Flow Rate in Assessment of Benign Prostatic Enlargement Patients
Authors: Affusim EA. , Amu OC. , Eneje CL. , Iwenofu C , Ugwumba F
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To determine the correlation between international prostate symptom score (IPSS) questionnaire, completed by benign prostatic enlargement patients with the aid of their physicians and the peak urine flow rate from uroflowmetry.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective study carried out over a period of one year (which year and which period). IPSS questionnaire was administered, and uroflowmetry done for 76 consecutive patients from urology clinic of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) who consented to the study.

Results:

Seventy-six patients were recruited for the study. The mean age of the patients was 63.53 ± 9.84. Using the international prostate symptom score to assess symptoms severity, 16 patients had mild symptoms, 36 patients had moderate symptoms, while 24 patients had severe symptoms. The means quality-of-life score was 4.42 ± 1.83. Fifty-eight patients had obstructed peak flow rate (Qmax) on uroflowmetry, 14 patients had equivocal Qmax, while 4 patients had normal Qmax. Statistically significant, negative medium correlations were observed between Qmax and total IPSS, Qmax and the IPSS voiding and storage subscores, as well as Qmax and disease specific quality-of-life score (QoL).

Conclusion:

There is a statistically significant medium negative correlation between total IPSS and Qmax. This negative medium correlation was also observed between Qmax and IPSS subscores and between Qmax and QoL.
Public Awareness on Perio-systemic Interplay: A Cross-Sectional Survey in South India
Authors: Ramachandran L , Sathesh S , Prakash PSG , Parthasarathy H , Sudarsan A , Balaji TM , Halawani IF , Alzahrani FM , Alzahrani KJ , Patil S
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The oral cavity has been referred to as “the gateway to overall health.” It is also said to be the meeting point of medicine and dentistry.

Aims:

Our study sought to determine the extent to which the public was aware of the connection between oral/periodontal conditions and general health.

Settings and Design:

The observational cross-sectional study’s questionnaire was sectioned into oral health awareness, systemic influence on oral health, and personal oral health assessment.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 994 responses were recorded and a Chi-square test was performed to uncover the relationships using SPSS version 22.0. According to responses, 70% of the population on average comprehended the responses to the majority of the oral health awareness-related questions.

Results:

It has been noticed that only 30% of the general public was aware of the prevalent health issues like diabetes, hypertension, and malnutrition’s impact on dental health. However, more than 60% had confidence in their oral health and gave a rating of at least 5.

Conclusion:

The study indicates that a good number of the population was prioritizing their oral health. However, there exists a definitive need to improve oral health awareness thereby ameliorating the overall health of an individual.
Pediatric Corneal Transplantation in Uyo, Nigeria: Early Experiences
Authors: Nkanga ED , Umana UI E , Ibanga AA , Nkanga ED , Ezeh EI , Ani EU , Nkanga DG , Etim BA , Akpan SI
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

The burden of avoidable blindness from corneal disease is significantly higher where access to specialist eye care, the cost of treatment and the treatment infrastructure including eye banking, are beyond the reach of the impoverished masses. Corneal transplantation in children is challenging: it is more technically complex; patients often require multiple examinations under general anaesthesia to optimize treatment outcomes. There is also the increased risk of several complications including graft dehiscence, infection, rejection, and inappropriate patient or caregiver care. However, when successful, it restores vision. We present a report of our initial experience with penetrating keratoplasty in 2 children with blinding corneal disease in Uyo, Nigeria. Corneal transplantation history was retrieved and data (including data on age, sex, aetiology of corneal disease, indications for corneal transplantation, pre-operative and post-operative visual acuity and intraocular pressure measurements) was extracted for this report. Both patients had standard penetrating keratoplasty performed by one surgeon, under general anaesthesia. Case one was a 10-year-old male presenting with profound visual impairment from congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy. His best corrected post-operative visual acuity was 6/24. Case two was a 3-year-old male with vision loss due to a corneal leucoma following treated herpes simplex keratitis. Post-operatively, his best corrected visual acuity improved to 6/12. Corneal graft tissue remained clear at more than 3 years of follow-up. Although amblyopia was a notable co-morbidity, corneal transplantation significantly improved their vision. Corneal banking services are advocated for in resource-limited settings where the magnitude of corneal blindness is greatest.
Skeletal Tuberculosis in Pediatric Population for 15 Years; Twenty Cases from Southern Turkey
Authors: Çay Ü , Alabaz D , Gündeşlioglu ÖÖ , Mirioglu A , Pehlivan UA
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Skeletal tuberculosis is rarely seen among extrapulmonary tuberculosis, especially in childhood because the diagnosis may be delayed for years due to diagnostic difficulties. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, methods used in diagnosis, treatment specifics, and prognosis of patients diagnosed with bone joint tuberculosis in childhood.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients diagnosed with skeletal tuberculosis in our hospital between Jan 1, 2006, and Jan 1, 2021, were evaluated retrospectively.

Results:

The age of the patients ranged from seven to 191 months. 70% of the patients presented with complaints of pain, 50% with swelling, and 20% with limping. The duration of the complaints was 3.82 ± 4 months on average. While 65% of the patients had isolated skeletal TB, 30% were accompanied with pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was positive in 13 (65%) patients. Seven (35%) of the patients were diagnosed with proven TB. The most frequent involvement was seen in knee bones (25%), followed by vertebra (15%), foot (15%), and wrist (15%) bones. In the radiological findings, 65% of the patients had mass, 45% destruction, 35% enhancement/edema, 5% calcification/sclerosis, 5% cyst, and 35% soft tissue abscess. In the follow-up, 50% of the patients recovered without sequelae.

Conclusion:

Skeletal tuberculosis can easily be missed in childhood due to its slow insidious course, non-specific symptoms, and bone findings, resulting in delayed diagnosis and may lead to sequelae which affect lifelong quality of life. We should keep the possibility of skeletal tuberculosis in mind when we see the patients with limping or localized lesions accompanied with pain or swelling.
Textual Information Processing Based on Multi-Dimensional Indicator Weights
Authors: Yang Yuliang , Lin Zhengping , Zhou Yuzhong , Shi Jiahao , Lin Jie
Published: December 2023

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and wireless communication technologies, the abundance of textual information has grown significantly, accompanied by a plethora of multidimensional metrics such as innovation, application prospects, key technologies, and expected outcomes. Extracting valuable insights from these multifaceted indicators and establishing an effective composite evaluation weighting framework poses a pivotal challenge in text information processing. In response, we propose a novel approach in this paper to textual information processing, leveraging multi-dimensional indicator weights (MDIWs). Our method involves extracting semantic information from text and inputting it into an LSTM-based textual information processor (TIP) to generate MDIWs. These MDIWs are then processed to create a judgment matrix following by eigenvalue decomposition and normalization, capturing intricate semantic relationships. Our framework enhances the comprehension of multi-dimensional aspects within textual data, offering potential benefits in various applications such as sentiment analysis, information retrieval, and content summarization. Experimental results underscore the effectiveness of our approach in refining and utilizing MDIWs for improved understanding and decision-making. This work contributes to the enhancement of text information processing by offering a structured approach to address the complexity of multidimensional metric evaluation, thus enabling more accurate and informed decision-making in various domains.
Lipschitz continuity for elliptic free boundary problems with Dini mean oscillation coefficients
Authors: Lyaghfouri Abdeslem
Published: December 2023

We establish local interior Lipschitz continuity of the solutions of a class of free boundary elliptic problems assuming the coefficients of the equation of Dini mean oscillation in at least one direction. The novelty in this regularity result lies in the fact that it allows discontinuous coefficients in all but one variable.
Popularyzacja wiedzy medycznej w społeczeństwie polskim w latach 1956–1970 (na przykładzie publikacji popularnonaukowych)
Authors: Wnęk Jan
Published: December 2023

Promotion of medical knowledge in the polish society in the period from 1956 to 1970 (on the example of popular science publications)

The period from 1956 to 1970 saw the promotion of medical knowledge in the Polish society. Popularisation by the written word was of particular significance at the time. Readers would be given access to popular-science publications promoting knowledge from various fields of medicine. They were authored by both practitioners well known in the medical circles and by individuals without rich scientific achievements. Some of those publications were written with clear language, in a way accessible to the uneducated readership, and provided fundamental information on the causes of diseases, prevention and treatment. It needs to be underscored that many popular-science medical books were published by thousands by the Państwowy Zakład Wydawnictw Lekarskich Publishing House. These books are now valuable sources of information on the activities taken for health education of the Polish society in the Gomułka Period.
Zwalczanie chorób wenerycznych występujących w pierwszych latach powojennych wśród żołnierzy WP na podstawie publikacji zamieszczonych w „Lekarzu Wojskowym”
Authors: Augustynowicz Danuta
Published: December 2023

Combating venereal diseases occurring in the first post-war years among Polish Army soldiers on the basis on publications in “Military Physician”

The article discusses issues related to combating venereal diseases among Polish Army soldiers in the last months of World War II and in the first post-war years, based on the bibliography of “Military Physician” from the discussed period. In January 1945 publishing of the magazine addressed to military doctors was resumed and aimed to inform about the developments of the military health service, promotion of new medical achievements and theories on their practical use. One of the serious problems discussed in the journal were venereal diseases, which recorded an epidemic increase in incidence, especially syphilis. A systematic, planned action to combat these diseases was already carried out in the 2nd Army of the Polish Army, where venereology ranked second among medical specialties. In the post-war period, the fight against the epidemic was undertaken by the Ministry of Health on a national scale. Legal regulations were introduced, appropriate laboratory, diagnostic and treatment facilities were prepared, effective drugs were used, including penicillin. One of the forms of infection prevention was the implementation of serological tests among the population, detection of sources of infection and conducting a wide propaganda campaign. The military health service worked closely with state authorities. The actions taken turned out to be beneficial and already in 1948 a clear decrease in the incidence of venereal diseases was observed.
Spółdzielnia Mieszkaniowa „Za Falochronem” w Gdyni w latach 1967–1989. Okoliczności powstania, zakres opieki, oddziaływanie społeczne
Authors: Szerle Marcin
Published: December 2023

The “Za Falochronem” Housing Co-Operative’s Building Complex in Gdynia (1967–1989). Situation in which it was created, scope of care, social impact

The article familiarises its readers with the circumstances in which the housing co-operative aimed for with rheumatic diseases was established, the course of the investment’s completion in Gdynia – a housing building with medicinal and rehabilitation functions – as well as the years-long functioning of the complex which was so important to the Tricity (Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot). In mid-1960s Doctor Jadwiga Titz-Kosko, one of the pioneers of Polish rheumatology, began gathering a group of the people involved in helping implement the idea of small flats for people with special needs – lonely and often elderly ones with diseases. In the face of difficult housing and economic situation in Poland of that time, the people had limited opportunities to get a place, medical help or care and, at the same time, remain independent and as self-sufficient as possible. The co-operative was established in 1967 and in 6 years it constructed a facility with small (15m2) flats with bathrooms, large shared parts including kitchen and dining room, practical facilitations as well as round-the-clock medical care and help in everyday activities. The offer was complemented with a wing with a rehabilitation department, a small hospital for bedridden patients and a supported employment enterprise which allowed the inhabitants to learn a new type of work and earn extra money. The third building was a swimming pool with a necessary support area.

The facility and the mode of its functioning required co-operation of welfare services, healthcare system and various levels of administration. It was the first solution of this type in Poland and, according to what was said at that time, in Europe. The innovative character of the idea is also a result of a different attitude to people with diseases and the elderly who are now treated as subjects, with respect to their right to spend their autumn years as they like. Contrary to original plans and a large interest in the idea in Poland and abroad (especially in Central Europe and Scandinavia), the economic situation in the 1970s and 1980s shortage of funds and ill-adjusted regulations did not allow to turn the Co-operative and the housing building it had designed into a model project. What is more, before 1989, construction of similar facilities began in the Tricity and they were also copied upcountry. Significantly, the “Za Falochronem” building also had impact on the perspective on the elderly and people with diseases or their needs. It was visible not just in Gdynia and the Tricity but also in the rest of Poland as it became a part of a nationwide debate on cooperatives and old age.