bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eutrophication, Research and Management History of the Shallow Ypacaraí Lake (Paraguay)
Authors: López Moreira M. Gregorio Alejandro , Hinegk Luigi , Salvadore Andrea , Zolezzi Guido , Hölker Franz , Monte Domecq S. Roger Arturo , Bocci Martina , Carrer Sebastiano , De Nat Luca , Escribá Juan , Escribá Carmen , Benítez Gilberto Antonio , Ávalos Claudia Raquel , Peralta Inocencia , Insaurralde Mario , Mereles Fátima , Sekatcheff Jean Michel , Wehrle Andrés , Facetti-Masulli Juan Francisco , Facetti Juan Francisco , Toffolon Marco
Published: July 2018

Ypacaraí Lake is the most renowned lake in landlocked Paraguay and a major source of drinking and irrigation water for neighbouring towns. Beyond its socioeconomic and cultural significance, it has great ecological importance, supporting a rich biodiversity. Rapid growth of human presence and activities within its basin has led to its environmental degradation, a heartfelt matter of high political concern that compels intervention. Here, by reconstructing the history of scientific and management-oriented research on this system, we provide a comprehensive assessment of current knowledge and practice to which we contribute our recent, novel findings. An upward trend in total phosphorus concentration confirms ongoing eutrophication of an already eutrophic system, evidenced by consistently high values of trophic state indices. Downward trends in water transparency and chlorophyll-a concentration support the hypothesis that primary production in this lake is fundamentally light limited. Statistical and other analyses suggest high sensitivity of the system to hydraulic, hydro-morphological and hydro-meteorological alterations arising, respectively, from engineering interventions, land use and climate change. By discussing knowledge gaps, opportunities for research and challenges for management and restoration, we argue that this case is of high scientific value and that its study can advance theoretical understanding of shallow subtropical lakes.
The Non-Systemic Usages of Systems as Reductionism: Quasi-Systems and Quasi-Systemics
Authors: Minati Gianfranco
Published: July 2018

Usual reductionism considers systemic, acquired properties as non-systemic, possessed properties. We consider here the non-systemic usages of systems, misunderstood as non-interacting virtual objects or devices, and the misunderstanding between non-complex (first Systemics) and complex systems (second Systemics) as another form of reductionism. This reductionism leads to inappropriate and ineffective approaches, particularly dealing with complex systems such as socioeconomic systems, whose complexity is often misunderstood and neglected. However, this reductionism should be distinguished from mixed usages of systemic approaches suitable to deal with multiple, dynamic, temporary, and partial systemic natures of phenomena related to complex systems. We consider that we should move from the well-defined, often simplistic, world of Systemics to Quasi-Systemics, which is intended as constructionist Systemics, always in progress, non-ideological, multiple, contradiction-tolerant, incomplete, and in its turn emergent. Rather than recommending a pragmatic attitude, we mention two approaches, one methodological approach called Logical Openness and another, the Meta-Structure approach, which is suitable to more formally deal with such multiple aspects and—based on mesoscopic representations—suitable to represent quasiness.
Biomonitoring of Urinary Benzene Metabolite SPMA in the General Population in Central Italy
Authors: Tranfo Giovanna , Pigini Daniela , Paci Enrico , Bauleo Lisa , Forastiere Francesco , Ancona Carla
Published: July 2018

Background: Benzene is an important component of cigarette smoke and car exhaust. Products containing benzene in concentrations greater than 0.1% are prohibited in Europe, but 1% of benzene is still allowed in gasoline. The purpose of the study was to assess the levels of urine benzene biomarkers in a sample of the general population not occupationally exposed to benzene, resident in the period 2013–2014 in Central Italy, compared to other groups. Methods: The urinary levels of the benzene metabolites S-phenyl-mercapturic acid (SPMA) and cotinine (nicotine metabolite) were determined by means of HPLC with mass spectrometric detection in 1076 subjects. Results: The median SPMA value in smokers was 1.132 µg/g of creatinine while in non-smokers it was 0.097 µg/g of creatinine, and the 95th percentile results were seven times higher. Conclusion: The main source of benzene exposure in the studied population was active smoking, however, non-smokers were also exposed to airborne benzene concentrations. The concentration ranges found in this study can be used as a background reference for occupational exposure assessment to benzene by means of SPMA biomonitoring.
Transcript Profiling Identifies Early Response Genes against FMDV Infection in PK-15 Cells
Authors: Zhang Tianliang , Chen Haotai , Qi Linlin , Zhang Jie , Wu Run , Zhang Yongguang , Sun Yuefeng
Published: July 2018

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease that results in enormous economic loses worldwide. Although the protection provided by vaccination is limited during early infection, it is recognized as the best method to prevent FMD outbreaks. Furthermore, the mechanism of host early responses against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection remains unclear. In our study, a pig kidney cell line (PK-15) was used as a cell model to reveal the mechanism of early pig responses to FMDV infection. Four non-treated control and four FMDV-treated PK-15 cells were sequenced with RNA-seq technology, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. The results showed that 1212 DEGs were in the FMDV-infected PK-15 cells, including 914 up-regulated and 298 down-regulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF), cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NOD-like receptor, toll-like receptor, NF-κB, and the chemokine signaling pathways. To verify the results of the DEGs, 30 immune-related DEGs (19 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated) were selected for Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) verification. The results showed that RT-qPCR-measured genes exhibited a similar pattern as the RNA-seq analyses. Based on bioinformatics analysis, during FMDV early infection, we found that a series of cytokines, such as interleukins (IL6), chemokines (CXCL2, CCL20 and CCL4), and transcription factors (ZFP36, FOS, NFKBIA, ZBTB3, ZNF503, ZNF283, dymeclin (DYM), and orthodenticle homeobox 1 (OTX1)) were involved in the battle between FMDV and the host. Combined with their features and functions, we propose inflammation as the main early mechanism by which the host responds to FMDV infection. These data provide an additional panel of candidate genes for deciphering the mechanisms of a host’s early response against FMDV infection.
Calculation of Water Resource Value in Nanjing Based on a Fuzzy Mathematical Model
Authors: Jia Yizhen , Shen Juqin , Wang Han
Published: July 2018

In view of the complexity and uncertainty of water resources, this paper chooses an evaluation index system of 13 indicators based on the fuzzy mathematics model in three aspects: water resources, water quality and socioeconomic status. The entropy method was used to determine the weight of the index, and the water resource value of Nanjing in 2011–2015 was dynamically evaluated. The results show that the price of water resources in Nanjing from 2011 to 2015 rose from 3.43 yuan/m3 to 5.94 yuan/m3, showing a clear upward trend, but the corresponding price of water expenditure accounted for a proportion of disposable income from 2.27% to 1.87% during the same time period. This counterfactual trend proves that the current water price in Nanjing is relatively low and is not conducive to the efficient use of water resources. Given the fact that water prices have larger room for growth, the city government could initiate the reform of water pricing system and re-enact the water fee collection standards to achieve optimal allocation of water resources and sustainable development.
Optimal Operation of the Eastern Nile System Using Genetic Algorithm, and Benefits Distribution of Water Resources Development
Authors: Digna Reem F. , Castro-Gama Mario E. , Van der Zaag Pieter , Mohamed Yasir A. , Corzo Gerald , Uhlenbrook Stefan
Published: July 2018

The Eastern Nile Basin is facing a number of transboundary issues, including water resources development, and the associated impacts. The Nile Basin, particularly the Eastern Nile Sub-basin, is considered as one of a few international river systems of potential conflicts between riparian countries. The Eastern Nile is characterized by the high dependency of downstream countries on river water generated in upstream countries, with limited or no contribution to the runoff itself. The aim of this paper is to analyze optimal scenarios for water resources management in the Eastern Nile with regard to hydropower generation and irrigation development. A hydro-economic optimization model based on Genetic Algorithm has been used to determine the maximum benefits for two scenarios: (i) non-cooperative management of hydraulic infrastructure by the riparian countries (status quo), and (ii) cooperative water resources management among the riparian countries. The hydro-economic model is developed using a Genetic Algorithm and deterministic optimization approach covering all hydraulic infrastructures in the Eastern Nile, existing and planned, including the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). The results show that cooperative management yields an increase in hydro-energy returns for all countries compared to the status quo, with a very high increase in Ethiopian’s returns, as expected. Non-cooperative system management would negatively impact the hydro-energy of Egypt compared to the cooperative management (reduced by 11%), without a significant increase of hydro-energy for Ethiopia. For Sudan, the results show that hydropower generation benefits from the presence of GERD, in both management scenarios. Non-cooperative management of the system, along with the internal trade-off between irrigation and hydropower facilities, would negatively impact irrigation supply in Sudan. The findings support the argument of positive impact of GERD development on the three Eastern Nile riparian countries, Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt, provided that the three countries agree to manage the system cooperatively.
EVALUATION OF UAV AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT ACCURACY WHEN CLASSICAL NAVIGATION ALGORITHM IS USED
Authors: Kikutis Ramūnas , Stankūnas Jonas , Rudinskas Darius
Published: July 2018

This article examines and shows mathematical results of classical algorithm, which is used for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation. The research is done with mathematical UAV model, which eliminates aerodynamics while the chosen flight path is followed by using vector field method. Lots of attention is dedicated to show possible flight path error values with representation of modelled flight path trajectories and deviations from the flight mission path. All of the modelled flight missions are done in two-dimensional space and all of the collected data with flight path error values are evaluated statistically. The most possible theoretical flight path error values are found and the general flight path error tendencies are predicted.
The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. IV. The Distance to NGC 4424, NGC 4526, and NGC 4356 via the Tip of the Red Giant Branch∗
Authors: Hatt Dylan , Freedman Wendy L. , Madore Barry F. , Beaton Rachael L. , Hoyt Taylor J. , Jang In Sung , Lee Myung Gyoon , Monson Andrew J. , Rich Jeffrey A. , Scowcroft Victoria , Seibert Mark
Published: July 2018

The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program is undertaking a re-calibration of the extragalactic distance scale, using SNe Ia that are tied to Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) distances to local galaxies. We present here deep Hubble Space Telescope ACS/WFC imaging of the resolved stellar populations in the metal-poor halos of the SN Ia-host galaxies NGC 4424, NGC 4526, and NGC 4536. These three Virgo constellation galaxies are prime targets for calibrating the extragalactic distance scale given their relative proximity in the local universe and their low line-of-sight reddenings. Anchoring the TRGB zero-point to the geometric distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud via detached eclipsing binaries, we measure extinction-corrected distance moduli of 31.00 ± 0.03stat ± 0.06sys mag, 30.98 ± 0.03stat ± 0.06sys mag, and 30.99 ± 0.03stat ± 0.06sys mag for NGC 4424, NGC 4526, and NGC 4536, respectively, or 15.8 ± 0.2stat ± 0.4sys Mpc, 15.7 ± 0.2stat ± 0.4sys Mpc, and 15.8 ± 0.2stat ± 0.4sys Mpc. For these three galaxies, the distances are the first that are based on the TRGB, and for NGC 4424 and NGC 4526, they are the highest-precision distances published to date, each measured to 3%. Finally, we report good agreement between our TRGB distances and the available Cepheid distances for NGC 4424 and NGC 4536, demonstrating consistency between the distance scales currently derived from stars of Population I and II.
The Identification of Hydrogen-deficient Cataclysmic Variable Donor Stars*

†
Authors: Harrison Thomas E.
Published: July 2018

We have used ATLAS12 to generate hydrogen-deficient stellar atmospheres to allow us to construct synthetic spectra to explore the possibility that the donor stars in some cataclysmic variables (CVs) are hydrogen deficient. We find that four systems, AE Aqr, DX And, EY Cyg, and QZ Ser, have significant hydrogen deficits. We confirm that carbon and magnesium deficits, and sodium enhancements, are common among CV donor stars. The three Z Cam systems we observed are found to have solar metallicities and no abundance anomalies. Two of these objects, Z Cam and AH Her, have M-type donor stars—much cooler than expected, given their long orbital periods. By using the combination of equivalent width measurements and light curve modeling, we have developed the ability to account for contamination of the donor star spectra by other luminosity sources in the binary. This enables more realistic assessments of secondary star metallicities. We find that the use of equivalent width measurements should allow for robust metallicities and abundance anomalies to be determined for CVs with M-type donor stars.
High-energy Neutrinos from Galactic Superbubbles
Authors: Andersen K. J. , Kachelriess M. , Semikoz D. V.
Published: July 2018

We study the propagation of cosmic rays (CRs) generated by sources residing inside superbubbles. We show that the enhanced magnetic field in the bubble wall leads to an increase in the interior CR density. Because of the large matter density in the wall, the probability for CR interactions on gas peaks there. As a result, the walls of superbubbles located near young CR sources efficiently emit neutrinos. We apply this scenario to the Loop I and Local Superbubble: these bubbles are sufficiently near such that CRs from a young source such as Vela interacting in the bubble wall can generate a substantial fraction of the observed astrophysical high-energy neutrino flux below ∼few × 100 TeV.
Star Formation Efficiency per Free-fall Time in nearby Galaxies
Authors: Utomo Dyas , Sun Jiayi , Leroy Adam K. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Bigiel Frank , Blanc Guillermo A. , Chevance Mélanie , Emsellem Eric , Herrera Cinthya , Hygate Alexander P. S. , Kreckel Kathryn , Ostriker Eve C. , Pety Jerome , Querejeta Miguel , Rosolowsky Erik , Sandstrom Karin M. , Usero Antonio
Published: July 2018

We estimate the star formation efficiency per gravitational free-fall time,

, from observations of nearby galaxies with resolution matched to the typical size of a giant molecular cloud. This quantity,

, is theoretically important but so far has only been measured for Milky Way clouds or inferred indirectly in a few other galaxies. Using new, high-resolution CO imaging from the Physics at High Angular Resolution in nearby Galaxies-Atacama Large Millimeter Array (PHANGS-ALMA) survey, we estimate the gravitational free-fall time at 60–120 pc resolution, and contrast this with the local molecular gas depletion time in order to estimate

. Assuming a constant thickness of the molecular gas layer (H = 100 pc) across the whole sample, the median value of

in our sample is 0.7%. We find a mild scale dependence, with higher

measured at coarser resolution. Individual galaxies show different values of

, with the median

ranging from 0.3% to 2.6%. We find the highest

in our lowest-mass targets, reflecting both long free-fall times and short depletion times, though we caution that both measurements are subject to biases in low-mass galaxies. We estimate the key systematic uncertainties, and show the dominant uncertainty to be the estimated line-of-sight (LOS) depth through the molecular gas layer and the choice of star formation tracers.
Desenvolvimento de pão com reduzido potencial alergênico
Authors: Schervensquy Elizandra Martins , Santos Lais Dos
Published: July 2018

Muitas são as restrições quanto às alergias e intolerâncias alimentares existentes, e nas últimas décadas esse índice tem aumentando, devido ao estilo de vida da população e novos hábitos alimentares. Sabendo-se que o pão é um alimento que tem alta frequência de consumo pela população, percebe-se a necessidade de desenvolver um pão destinado para pessoas com restrições alimentares. Nesse contexto objetivou-se desenvolver um pão de qualidade nutricional e sensorial, excluindo os principais nutrientes e aditivos alergênicos causadores de intolerância, sendo estes, o glúten, o leite de vaca, conservantes, ovos, soja e açúcar. Foram desenvolvidos 7 (sete) processos, sendo o processo nº 7 submetido a análise microbiológica e sensorial, visto que este processo atingiu características sensoriais desejada pelos pesquisadores, no qual foram avaliados os atributos de odor, cor, consistência/textura, sabor e aceitação global, por meio de uma escala hedônica de 9 (nove) pontos. O pão desenvolvido foi avaliado por 102 (cento e dois) participantes não treinados, de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos. Os dados referentes aos atributos sensoriais foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância (ANOVA), e os dados do perfil dos avaliadores submetidos a análise de frequência. O pão desenvolvido apresentou significativa aceitação dos avaliadores, bem como interesse de compra. Através do produto desenvolvido foi possível oferecer a população e indústria de alimentos um pão saudável, fonte de fibras, isento dos principais alimentos e nutrientes alergênicos e causadores de intolerância.
Determinantes dos gastos em p&d no âmbito da OCDE: uma abordagem neo-schumpeteriana
Authors: Da Silva Marcelo Dos Santos , Da Silva Evaldo Henrique , Leal Priscila De Queiroz
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é inferir acerca do efeito nos gastos em P&D de seis de seus determinantes, em 20 países da OCDE, no período 1990-2006. Estes são: renda per capita, transações comerciais externas, pesquisadores, investimentos em tecnologias da informação e comunicação, investimentos em máquinas e equipamentos e taxa de juros de longo prazo. Estimou-se um modelo de dados em painel não balanceado de efeitos fixos com orientação temporal, produzindo resultados interessantes: as variáveis pesquisadores, investimentos em tecnologias da informação e comunicação e taxa de juros de longo prazo foram estatisticamente significativas. Entretanto, renda per capita, transações comerciais externas e investimentos em máquinas e equipamentos não são estatisticamente significativas. Entre os determinantes, somente a variável taxa de juros de longo prazo apresentou sinal negativo, revelando-se um elemento importante a ser considerado nas decisões de investimentos em projetos de P&D.
As incubadoras tecnológicas de cooperativas populares e as relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
Authors: Fraga Lais Silveira
Published: July 2018

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre a relação entre universidade e sociedade a partir da atuação das Incubadoras Tecnológicas de Cooperativas Populares (ITCP). A questão que orienta o artigo é: a partir da experiência das ITCPs, é possível potencializar a construção de alternativas sociotécnicas coerentes com os valores da economia solidária, como a autogestão e a solidariedade? Com intuito de refletir sobre essas questões este artigo apresenta as contribuições dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e da Tecnologia (ESCT). A partir desse referencial teórico, analisa-se as visões de ciência e tecnologia na atuação das incubadoras. Por fim, nas considerações finais, apontamos algumas reflexões sobre a construção de alternativas sociotécnicas a partir da atuação das ITCPs e a necessidade de superar uma visão da ciência e da tecnologia como algo acabado, neutro e intrinsecamente positivo.
Determinantes das exportações paranaenses para a América Latina e Caribe: uma aplicação do modelo gravitacional
Authors: Zanquetta de Pintor Geisiane Michelle , De Pintor Eduardo , Oliveira Gilson Batista de , Schneider Mirian Beatriz
Published: July 2018

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar os determinantes das exportações paranaenses para América Latina e Caribe. O estudo parte da equação do modelo gravitacional aplicada ao comércio internacional. Para cumprir o objetivo proposto, após descrever os modelos de comércio internacional e mostrar a importância das exportações, são apresentados os determinantes das exportações do Paraná para os países da América Latina considerados no estudo. A aplicação da metodologia (modelo econométrico apresentado) permite afirmar que 89,89% das exportações paranaenses para América Latina e Caribe são explicadas pelas variáveis escolhidas na análise: PIB do Paraná, PIB dos Países Importadores, População do Paraná, População dos Países Importadores, Distância, Àrea dos Países Importadores e Dummy Mercosul. Os resultados estatísticos do modelo aplicado e das variáveis escolhidas podem ser vislumbrados na tabela 1.
As tecnologias da informação e comunicação na gestão dos riscos de desastres: o caso do AlertaBLU em Blumenau/SC
Authors: Ludwig Leandro , Mattedi Marcos Antônio , Firmino Rodrigo José , Reis Clóvis , Spiess Maiko Rafael
Published: July 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo examinar a operacionalização do Sistema de Monitoramento e Alerta de Eventos Extremos de Blumenau (AlertaBLU), nos eventos ocorridos em outubro de 2015, assim como analisar as interfaces entre o sistema e as demais tecnologias utilizadas antes, durante e depois dos desastres. Argumenta que, embora o sistema represente um significativo avanço na gestão municipal dos riscos de desastres, aspectos endógenos e exógenos ao AlertaBLU comprometem a efetividade do sistema. Para desenvolver esse argumento foram utilizados três principais procedimentos:  1) pesquisa bibliográfica sobre desastres; 2) consulta sobre o AlertaBLU aos órgãos públicos municipais; 3) levantamento e análise de 84 notícias do principal jornal de Blumenau, 59 notícias no site da Defesa Civil e 34 notícias na maior página sobre desastres em Blumenau no Facebook. O texto está estruturado em torno de quatro principais seções: 1) introdução; 2) desastres e o sistema AlertaBLU em Blumenau/SC; 3) interfaces do AlertaBLU em outubro de 2015; 4) considerações finais.
Le rôle des infrastructures militaires dans le développement des loisirs urbains (Nord-Pas-de-Calais – milieu xix e siècle - 1914)
Authors: Diest Philippe
Published: July 2018

Depuis l’époque médiévale, les immeubles militaires, édifices ou terrains, font partie du paysage des villes du Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Au cours de la seconde moitié du xix e siècle, ils jouent un rôle important dans le développement des loisirs. En protégeant des espaces et en diffusant la pratique de certaines activités, l’armée participe indirectement à l’émergence d’un pan notable de la culture urbaine. Cependant, les opportunités offertes par ces infrastructures sont telles que leur appropriation aboutit progressivement à leur remise en cause au cœur des villes.
Auguste Leman, figure discrète et premier historien de la presse clandestine
Authors: Visse Jean-Paul
Published: July 2018

À la veille de la première guerre mondiale, maître de conférences à l’Université catholique de Lille, l’abbé Leman, proche du catholicisme social, termine ses thèses d’histoire. Réformé, il n’est pas mobilisé en août 1914. En 1915, il répond à l’appel de son collègue Joseph Willot qui vient de lancer un journal clandestin. Pendant vingt-deux mois, il relit et corrige des textes, rédige des articles et traduit des journaux allemands. En octobre 1916, l’équipe de Willot est démantelée par la police allemande, mais Auguste Leman n’est pas inquiété. Durant cette période, il a accumulé des documents, parfois originaux. Jusqu’à la Délivrance, il continue et commence à les classer avec probablement l’intention de préparer un ouvrage. En 1919, il est le premier à publier un article sur cette presse clandestine, repris dans plusieurs publications. Son travail de chercheur, mais aussi les contraintes qui lui sont imposées ne lui permettent pas de rédiger l’ouvrage qu’il envisageait de sortir. Ses documents dorment ainsi pendant plusieurs décennies dans les archives de la Catho avant de ressortir à l’occasion du centenaire de la Grande Guerre.
Valoriser l’image du territoire régional. L’exemple du Nord-Pas-de-Calais (1974-1982)
Authors: Tellier Thibault
Published: July 2018

La loi de 1972 sur les Établissements Publics Régionaux ouvre la voie à la régionalisation en France. La nouvelle institution du Nord-Pas-de-Calais, dirigée par Pierre Mauroy à partir de 1974, développe une politique de valorisation de l’image du territoire régional qui, au final, tend à affirmer la réalité d’un véritable pouvoir régional. En développant aussi des politiques régionales spécifiques, comme par exemple dans le domaine des transports, il s’agit également de participer au vaste mouvement de mutations de l’action publique qui caractérise la France durant la période qui précède la décentralisation de 1981.
La politique dans la chaîne des générations
Authors: Muxel Anne
Published: July 2018

Cet article présente un certain nombre de résultats issus de travaux menés sur la transmission des attitudes et des comportements politiques au sein de la famille, entre parents et enfants. Il fournit une grille de lecture des mécanismes de l’héritage intergénérationnel et présente un cadre d’interprétation des phénomènes de « politisation intime », dans le cadre de la sphère privée, participant à la construction des identités politiques. Il montre les transactions qui opèrent entre le système des normes et le système des affects des individus. Si le pluralisme et le respect de la différence sont acceptés, le désir d’homogamie et de ressemblance s’impose aussi comme une nouvelle norme affective.
L’impôt sur l’héritage
Authors: Masson André
Published: July 2018

L’économiste peine à appréhender un phénomène aussi complexe que l’héritage ou la transmission de patrimoine, par essence pluridisciplinaire. Il est ainsi perplexe face au déclin spécifique des droits de succession, devenus aujourd’hui fort impopulaires, mais aussi face au désintérêt actuel pour la question même de l’héritage, autrefois l’objet de débats passionnés entre penseurs ou réformateurs sociaux les plus illustres. Ce déclin et ce désintérêt apparaissent d’autant plus surprenants au regard du processus de patrimonialisation massif et inquiétant qu’ont connu nos sociétés depuis 1980, néfaste à la fois pour la croissance économique, l’égalité des chances et le bon équilibre des rapports entre générations. Pour expliquer un tel paradoxe, j’ai dégagé du maquis des arguments avancés en faveur ou contre les droits de succession trois philosophies polaires de l’héritage, en montrant que seules des coalitions entre ces dernières s’étaient révélées historiquement efficaces pour inspirer durablement politiques et attitudes à l’égard de l’héritage et de sa taxation. La coalition dominante depuis 1980, entre riches néo-libéraux et familialistes, explique le rejet actuel de l’impôt sur l’héritage. J’envisage les moyens et les modalités de réforme des droits de succession qui permettraient de la détrôner au profit d’une coalition plus large et plus équilibrée, tout en remédiant aux effets néfastes de la situation patrimoniale présente.
Articulation recherche-formation : le cas de la recherche sur les formations d’ingénieurs du CESI
Authors: Blandin Bernard , Badets Alexandra , Serreau Yann
Published: July 2018

Depuis douze ans, l’École d’ingénieurs CESI mène des recherches sur ses pratiques, et notamment sur les effets des pédagogies actives successivement mises en place. Aujourd’hui, la recherche s’y développe et s’y institutionnalise. L’équipe de sciences de l’éducation dresse un bilan des apports et de l’articulation entre la recherche et la formation au sein de cet organisme.
À la recherche de l’organisation capacitante : quelle part de liberté dans le travail salarié ?
Authors: Véro Josiane , Zimmermann Bénédicte
Published: July 2018

L’agir individuel est aujourd’hui célébré, tant par les politiques publiques que par les entreprises, comme un élément de redéploiement du travail en étroite association avec l’idée de liberté et de responsabilité. Cet article pose la question des outils d’analyse permettant de soumettre la liberté d’agir ainsi proclamée à l’épreuve de l’enquête empirique. La conceptualisation de la liberté comme capacité, dans le sillage des travaux d’Amartya Sen, en offre le point d’appui. Parce que la capacité d’agir d’une personne ne dépend pas seulement de ses qualités individuelles, mais de son environnement au sens large, il convient dans le cas du travail d’interroger les conditions organisationnelles. Une organisation peut-elle être capacitante ? Sa caractérisation à l’aune de l’approche par les capacités peut du moins dessiner un idéal moral et un étalon d’évaluation critique à partir duquel analyser et infléchir les pratiques d’entreprises ; l’organisation capacitante se dessine alors sous les traits d’une organisation pluraliste, participative, développante, juste et responsable.
Adult ADHD: Psychosocial Treatment Components andEfficacy Status
Authors: Gallagher Richard , Feder Michael A.
Published: July 2018

Psychosocial treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and emerging adults have developed to address core symptoms of ADHD (hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention) and associated functional impairments. These psychosocial treatments have been developed to enhance the effect of medication treatments. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments teach patients skills in organization, time management, and planning by using a cognitive-behavioral framework. The latest version of these programs also teaches mindfulness skills, so patients learn to think critically before acting impulsively. Cognitive components to address maladaptive thoughts found in ADHD and associated patterns found in comorbid anxiety and depression facilitate mental health. Research indicates that these skill-based programs lead to significant changes including reductions in core symptoms, improved executive functioning, and reduced functional impairments. This article reviews the findings from meta-analyses and details treatment targets and treatment components contained in efficacious interventions.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2018;48(7):333–337.]
Efficiency of shallow- and deep-water trawling in the Mediterranean and its implications for discard reduction
Authors: Pinello Dario , Gee Jennifer , Accadia Paolo , Sabatella Evelina Carmen , Vitale Sergio , Polymeros Kostantinos , Fiorentino Fabio
Published: July 2018

The Mazara del Vallo fleet is one of the main fleets of large trawlers in the Mediterranean. Traditionally, the two main fishing strategies adopted by the fleet can be summarized as follows: pesca a fresco (250 m), mainly targeting deep-water shrimp sold frozen. The second fishing strategy has become increasingly important over the last decade. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which the choice of targeting deep-water shrimp impacted the level of technical and scale efficiency for the fleet assessed through an input-oriented data envelopment analysis. The analysis was based on data collected under the Italian National Programme within the European Data Collection Framework, as well as through a focus group discussion with the trawler skippers. The results showed that the pesca a congelato trawlers had the highest average efficiency, with both technical and scale efficiency close to the maximum level. On the basis of information collected during the focus group discussion on the pesca a congelato strategy, technical efficiency was coupled with a lower discard rate and the widespread use of LED lights. The findings were discussed in light of the objective of discard reduction in European fisheries, one of the pillars of the reformed common fishery policy.
Démocratie médiatique et représentation politique
Authors: Monière Denis
Published: July 2018

Dans toutes les démocraties occidentales, la télévision est devenue le moyen d'information principal — celui qui rejoint le plus large auditoire et auquel les gens accordent le plus de crédibilité. Présent dans pratiquement tous les foyers, le petit écran ouvre sur l'espace public fondamental de notre temps et sous-tend les liens les plus essentiels qui unissent les citoyens à leurs représentants politiques. Pourtant, en dehors des campagnes électorales, peu d'analystes politiques se sont intéressés aux informations télévisées.Denis Monière cherche ici à combler cette lacune. Il analyse systématiquement les journaux télévisés de quatre chaînes publiques francophones (Radio-Canada, France 2, la Radio-télévision belge et la Télévision suisse romande) pour la période qui va de décembre 1996 à mars 1997. En tenant compte des différences du cadre juridique et des situations politiques, il mène une étude empirique et comparative du contenu et de la forme des informations. À partir d'un sujet aussi précisément délimité, Denis Monière élargit sans cesse la perspective pour s'intéresser au rôle des médias dans le processus démocratique. Il montre qu'à l'ère du « village global », l'information continue néanmoins à s'accompagner d'un traitement différencié culturellement selon le public auquel on la destine.
Quelques notes sur le Tarquin et Lucrèce de Titien à Cambridge : un « palimpseste » oublié ?
Authors: Duriez Christophe
Published: July 2018

De nouveaux éléments permettent d’étayer la théorie selon laquelle le Tarquin et Lucrèce de Titien remis à Philippe II aurait une visée diplomatique dans la constitution de la Sainte-Ligue suite à l’attaque ottomane de Chypre en 1570. Premièrement, deux indices iconiques - la présence discrète d’une tête de dragon sur le fourreau d’épée et le type de ceinture porté par l’agresseur - orientent le regard vers une assimilation de Tarquin à un Turc. Ensuite, une note oubliée de Frédéric Quilliet, conservateur français des collections royales espagnoles durant la période napoléonienne, révèle un repeint « à la turque » des figures en présence. Quilliet explique qu’il a lui-même opéré la restauration et effacé les retouches qui altéraient l’œuvre quand il l’a découverte.
Analysis of Operation Performance of Blast Furnace With Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Hsu Kuo-Wei , Ko Yung-Chang
Published: July 2018

Although its theoretical foundation is well understood by researchers, a blast furnace is like a black box in practice because its behavior is not always as expected. It is a complex reactor where multiple reactions and multiple phases are involved, and the operation heavily relies on the operators' experience. In order to help the operators gain insights into the operation, the authors do not use traditional metallurgy models but instead use machine learning methods to analyze the data associated with the operation performance of a blast furnace. They analyze the variables that are connected to the economic and technical performance indices by combining domain knowledge and results obtained from two fundamental feature selection methods, and they propose a classification algorithm to train classifiers for the prediction of the operation performance. The findings could assist the operators in reviewing as well as improving the guideline for the operation.
Learning to Teach During Novice Years
Authors: Wu Chenbing , Liu Yingming , Li Jiacheng
Published: July 2018

The novice teacher's training is playing an important role in the education reform. In Xi'an Gaoxin No.1 Primary School, the school leaders host a pilot way of training the new teachers. The new teacher training of the school is special and meaningful. The training not only includes professional skill, student management, and teacher's ethics, but also includes art, calligraphy, reading, and so on. The authors invested 73 teachers (male=9, female=64) who had got the job one year ago. After one year's training, 73.97% of novice teachers express full agreement about the training and are quite satisfied with the training. Comparing with the beginning of the career, the novice teachers have improved the teaching abilities a lot.
Professional Learning Communities and Adult Learning and Teaching
Authors: Dimmitt Eric J.
Published: July 2018

In addition to providing strategies to build professional learning communities within an environment of adult learners, this chapter has the objective that adult learners will carry the principles of professional learning communities from their own learning experience back to their own learning organizations as both followers and leaders. In this way, and based upon the author's own experiences, the learning and teaching strategies described here have impact beyond the adult learning classroom by influencing how multiple type of organizations in the field of business, K12 and higher education, public service, and non-profits learn, collaborate, and achieve results.
Fostering Cultural Awareness Through Storytelling at a Multilingual Primary School
Authors: Hernández-Castillo Núria , Pujol-Valls Maria
Published: July 2018

This chapter is a contribution to teacher education and teacher development studies in the field of plurilingualism and intercultural development through critical reflection. It presents a teaching proposal based on the use of a multimodal literary text for the promotion of intercultural awareness and translanguaging practices at its heart. The teaching proposal, which was implemented in a primary education class from a multilingual school in Catalonia in 2015, was designed ad hoc on the basis of relevant research works on TLA, plurilingualism, and intercultural awareness, and in the light of the interviews conducted before and after the implementation in the workfield. The study was carried out in an English as an additive language class to look into the teaching opportunities of storytelling and picture books to foster interculturality and effective language learning practices with a communicative approach.
Creating Multimodal Texts in the L2 Writing Classroom
Authors: Christiansen M. Sidury
Published: July 2018

This chapter examines an ESL writing class at a U.S. university that employed a re-mediation assignment to complement and facilitate the understanding of rhetoric. A re-mediation assignment asks students to transform text-based material into a multimodal form by combining linguistic, visual, audio, gestural, and spatial modalities. Students are to make use of the affordances and audiences of the new form without losing the core components of the original text. Findings suggest that students demonstrated motivation and engagement with the assignment and writing process, in part, because they were allowed to infuse other abilities (drawing, computer programming, video editing, and storytelling), languages, and cultures into their projects. As multimodal and multimedia digital literacies continue to evolve, digitally mediated projects such as re-mediation are necessary to prepare students to be competent writers in a digitally mediated society.
Postmodern Literacy
Authors: Leibrandt Isabella Monika
Published: July 2018

In this chapter, the author reflects on the importance of today's literality in terms of multimodal reading and literary competence. This competence should include a multidimensional ability and contribute significantly to enrich life. An adequate multimodality is also presented as a co-constructive creation of meanings, so that didactic preconditions for the reception of mulitmodal texts are irreplaceable. As an example of dealing with multimodal texts in the classroom, conceptual foundations of postmodern texts are presented, which also include hypertextual and intertextual reading as part of a new learning experience. This is why practical suggestions and didactic aspects of literary communication are illustrated as a prerequisite for a successful classroom conversation, which should enable the reader to become an intellectual accomplice of the author.
Is the Tourism Destination a Core Attribute in the Choice of Cruise Consumers?
Authors: Vianelli Donata , Valta Manuela
Published: July 2018

In the last 10 years, cruise tourism has been frequently analyzed in the academic literature on leisure tourism. However, analysis of consumer behavior and the consumer-buying process is still limited, especially if the European market is taken into consideration. To address this gap in the literature, the authors analyzed how different attributes are evaluated by consumers in their decision-making process. In particular, the authors identified the role of the tourism destination among the different attributes that influence cruisers' choices. Using primary survey data from a sample of 4,002 German, Spanish, Italian, and French consumers, the analysis identifies the existence of consumer segments that give different levels of importance to the numerous attributes, including the tourism destination.
eWOM
Authors: Mellinas Juan Pedro , Reino Sofía
Published: July 2018

It is difficult to find a traveler who has not written and/or read an online review at any stage of their travel. Most people will not book a hotel if this has no reviews and/or will not choose a destination before reading some opinions from other users. Tourism professionals can gain a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationships and key influential factors which are relevant to online reviews. A single business can have thousands of reviews. This creates a situation of information overload for hotel managers, who encounter themselves with increasingly larger numbers of information to analyze and act upon. The ability to effectively analyze data, using in occasions dedicated software becomes a crucial aspect of hotel management. The chapter ends with a reflection on how eWOM is leading to the generation of a new approach to business management.
Smart Irrigation Techniques for Water Resource Management
Authors: Chaudhry Smita , Garg Shivani
Published: July 2018

Rising temperatures and increased frequency of extreme events will have direct and negative impacts on natural resources. Water resources are limited on earth; hence, there is a need to manage the utilization techniques of water. The irrigation system improvement using the wireless network is a solution to accomplish water conservation goal as well as improvement in irrigation practices. Smart farming enhances the capacity of the agricultural systems to support food security. The need for adaptation and the potential for mitigation into sustainable agriculture development strategies can be incorporated into such system. The smart farming system includes different techniques of agricultural practices to conserve different resources including water. Solar powered smart irrigation systems are a part of the smart irrigation system. Smart irrigation system includes temperature, moisture, and humidity sensors system. Different smart irrigation systems which are used all over the world will be discussed in this chapter.
Driving Factors for Converting Teaching-Oriented Universities Into Entrepreneurial Universities
Authors: Temel Serdal , Durst Susanne
Published: July 2018

In order to accelerate economic growth, many countries have developed and implemented different programs and mechanisms. Benefiting universities' knowledge production and human capacity are one of those mechanisms and therefore entrepreneurial universities, in particular, are considered as a strategic factor in order to realize this target. While in many advanced economies, mainly in Europe and United States, entrepreneurial universities have been established over the years, but this has not been realized in emerging economies. Against this background and the activities found in Turkey, this article sheds light on the current state of Turkish universities regarding their development into entrepreneurial universities. Main findings show that existence of IP policy and TTO is driving factors for entrepreneurial universities. In addition, IP awareness activities in the campus, novelty search and using patent during academic promotion motivates universities to become more entrepreneurial.
Understanding the Influence of R&D Collaboration on Organizational Innovation
Authors: Simao Lurdes , Franco Mário
Published: July 2018

Collaboration in R&D has had a positive influence on the performance of firms, but little is known about its impact on organizational innovation. Therefore, this article analyzes the influence of R&D collaboration on firms' ability to introduce organizational innovation. A quantitative approach was used, based on a sample of 5.079 Portuguese firms from the CIS 2010-Community Innovation Survey 2010. The empirical evidence showed R&D collaboration with clients to be predominant in organizational innovation adoption. Cooperation with competitors, universities and state laboratories has no significant influence. R&D collaboration with other firms within the same group, and with suppliers has a significant positive impact on organizational innovation in the workplace. In addition, collaboration with consultants is significant in business practices and external relations. Several theoretical and practical implications are presented.
Multilevel Thresholding for Image Segmentation Based on Cellular Metaheuristics
Authors: Bouteldja Mohamed Abdou , Baadeche Mohamed , Batouche Mohamed
Published: July 2018

This article describes how multilevel thresholding image segmentation is a process used to partition an image into well separated regions. It has various applications such as object recognition, edge detection, and particle counting, etc. However, it is computationally expensive and time consuming. To alleviate these limitations, nature inspired metaheuristics are widely used to reduce the computational complexity of such problem. In this article, three cellular metaheuristics namely cellular genetic algorithm (CGA), cellular particle swarm optimization (CPSO) and cellular differential evolution (CDE) are adapted to solve the multilevel thresholding image segmentation problem. Experiments are conducted on different test images to assess the performance of the cellular algorithms in terms of efficiency, quality and stability based on the between-class variance and Kapur's entropy as objective functions. The experimental results have shown that the proposed cellular algorithms compete with and even outperform existing methods for multilevel thresholding image segmentation.