bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE AND DIABETIC SUBJECTS
Authors: Berad Dr Akshay , Pal Punam R , Veenavani Dr. N.P.
Published: June 2019

Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus and depression are among the group of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, and according to numerous studies they are oftentimes associated. Patients suffering from lifestyle diseases may have increased depression levels in relation with long-term management of these diseases. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression among diabetes mellitus and hypertensive patients
COUNTRY'S LEADING SCHOLAR - TURKOLOGIST HASAN ORAZAEV
Authors: Shikhsaidov A R , Navruzov A R
Published: June 2019

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SCHOLAR, ORGANIZER OF SCIENCE AND MENTOR (to the 80th anniversary of O.M. Davudov)
Authors: Gasanov M
Published: June 2019

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PITANIE SEL'SKOGO NASELENIYa NAGORNOGO DAGESTANA KAK VAZhNEYShIY MEKhANIZM ETNOEKOLOGIChESKOY ADAPTATsII
Authors: Ramazanova Z B
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the nutrition of the rural population of Mountainous Dagestan as the most important mechanism of ethno-ecological adaptation, which fulfilled the function of providing and regulating the energy exchange between the human body and the environment. The author of the article considers the dependence of nutrition of Dagestan mountaineers on the products determined by the main economic activities of the population - farming, cattle breeding, gathering, and characterizes traditional food, national cuisine, and national feast traditions resulting from the fusion of biology, history, and culture. In the article, much attention is paid to dough goods, as the role of baked products with a variety of fillings is enormous, and methods of baking pastries depending on the bakery device. Estimating the dietary structure in general, the author notes that it did not provide full intake of all necessary vitamins and mineralsand caused the use of various methods of preserving food products. The article covers the influence of the ecosystem on the food resource and the level of metabolic rate of Dagestan mountaineers. The author also presents special features of the nutrition of the population of Mountainous Dagestan and analyzes them from the point of the traditional use of regional resources and maintaining a balance with the environment.
FOLK MEDICINE OF THE LOWER TEREK COSSACKS (19th - EARLY 20th CC.)
Authors: Gimbatova M B
Published: June 2019

The article deals with an underinvestigated problem of ethnography of the Lower Terek Cossacks - folk medicine. The author of the article considers the methods of treatment of the most common diseases among the Lower Terek Cossacks in the 19th-early 20th cc. - the diseases of heart, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, head, musculoskeletal system, skin, as well as neuropsychic, children’s diseases and others. It is shown that using the medicines of vegetable and animal origin, hirudotherapy, diets, physical action and accumulated empirical knowledge, healers managed to treat many diseases, thereby compensated for a shortcoming of medical institutions and healthcare personnel. The analysis of the collected field ethnographic data testifies to the wide use of irrational methods of treatment in folk medicine. The popularity of healing magic is explained by the fact that in most cases it achieved the desired result and had a certain psychotherapeutic effect. Folk medicine of the Lower Terek Cossacks has much in common with that of the Dagestan peoples in the methods of treating various diseases and its close connection with the ecological characteristics of the environment. Ethnographic materials show that in extreme cases (bullet wounds, puncture wounds), the Lower Terek Cossacks sought treatment from mountain physicians who were skilled in treating gunshot wounds. Examples of interaction between the Lower Terek Cossacks and mountain peoples in various spheres, including folk medicine, indicate that the Lower Terek Cossacks have blended in with the North Caucasus cultural space and become an integral part of it though they were not the indigenous population of the region.
THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF RUSSIAN YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING SPIRITUAL AND MORAL SAFETY OF THE SOCIETY
Authors: Gafiatulina N Kh , Zagirova E M
Published: June 2019

The article deals with sociological understanding of the value system of Russian young people and its role in ensuring spiritual and moral safety of the society. The authors of the article focus on priority importance of spirituality, morality for preservation of specifically human features in the individual and normal functioning of the society. The regulating function of the value-based system is manifested in the fact that values form the standards of cultural assessments in the youth community, determine the hierarchy of young people’s life goals and the choice of methods for achieving them. Any social changes may have both positive and negative character, in exactly the same way values acting as a catalyst for changing the consciousness of young people may become not only an accelerating factor of social transformations, but also a retarding one. Basing on the results of the analysis of the most important spiritual and moral values of young people, the authors of the article conclude that reappraisal of values is a complex and difficult process, and on the whole it is indicative of a low level of spiritual and moral safety. This is due to the fact that in the mass consciousness of Russian young people there take place processes of rethinking the facts of modern life, new changes, collapse of former ideals and orientations, and the search for new value orientations. The transitional period crisis, which has lasted for many years in the Russian society, and the destructive processes in all its spheres are the main reason why the problem of ensuring spiritual and moral safety in the context of the formation of moral capacities in young generations of Russians has long been urgent in our society.
RESULTS OF ARCHEOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF DAGESTAN IN 2015-2016
Authors: Navruzov A R , Shikhsaidov A R , Orazaev G M-R , Osmanova M N , Magomedova Z M , Shekhmagomedov M G , Malamagomedov D M , Khanmurzaev I I , Zakariyaev Z Sh
Published: June 2019

The present article is devoted to the continued during 2015-2016 years field archaeographic researches in a number of mountain and plain regions of Daghestan in order to find out the new collections of manuscripts and old-printed books in Arabic, Turkic and Daghestan languages (written by using Arabic graphic). The archaeographic expedition had worked at eight regions of Daghestan. There were found out 2 new collections of manuscripts in Akushinsky region, 2 collections in Botlikh region, 1 collection in Shamilsky region, 1 collection in Makhachkala city, 6 collections in Khasavurt and 6 collections in Buynaksk regions, 3 collections in Karabudakhkent and 3 collections in Kizlyar regions, 8 collections in Nogay region - all together 32 collections. Among them there are manuscripts, a large number of old-printed books (lithographies published in Temir-Khan-Shura, Petrovsk, Bakhchisaray, Khasavyurt, Kazan, Istanbul, Cairo), andletters and documents dated within the middle of the XVII-XIX centuries.The total amount of the described manuscripts and old-printed books dated within the XIII-XIX centuries is more than 950 units of description. Among the new findings are the excellently made Qurans of the XIII-XIX cent. and comments to the Quran (the earliest manuscript was re-written in 677/1278) with numerous memorable records and assembly materials; the manuals on Grammar of the Arabic language studied in the Daghestan madrasahs in the XIII-XIXth centuries (AbdarrakhmanDjami, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr, Ruknaddin al-Hasanibn Muhammad al-Astarabadi, IzaddinAbdalvakhabibn Ibrahim az-Zandjani, Mahmud az-Zamakhshari, Ahmad ibn Ali ibnMa‘sud, Muhammad al-Ardabili, Ahmad ibnDinkuziar-Rumi, etc.); compositions on logic (Aduaddin al-Idzhi, Muhammad Sachaklizade al-Mar‘ashi, Ahmad ad-Damankhuri, Asiraddin al-Abkhari, Nu‘manibn Sheikh Said ash-Shirvani); on Hadith (al-Bukhari, an-Navavi), on lexicography (Abu Nasr Ismail ibnHammad al-Djaukhari), on Sufism (al-Gazali, al-Kushayri; date of creation is approximately XVII century), etc.
FATALI KHAN’S FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVITY
Authors: Magomedov N A
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the study of main directions of foreign policy of Fatali Khan, the khan of Derbent and Quba, in the 80s of the 18thcentury. The study has shown that Fatali Khan conducted rather an active foreign policy. He had the closest contacts with the Russian Empire. Fatali Khan many times addressed a request to the Imperial Court to get Russian citizenship, sent his ambassadors to discuss and solve various problems including normalization of trading relations with Russia. In his letters, the Khan asked for trade privileges for Derbent merchants, on his part he gave Russian merchants the right for duty-free trade in the Derbent-Quba khanate and other territories under his influence. The author of the article analyzes FataliKhan’s policy on expanding the territory of his possession on account of other Dagestan and Azerbaijan lands, and his allied relations with ShamkhalTarkovsky.The Khan’s relationswith other Dagestan rulers were not easy as they stood against his policy of expanding the borders of the Derbent-Quba khanate. Another direction of the foreign policy of the Khan of Derbent and Qubawas his relationship with the Georgian prince Alexander, whose actions were directed not only against the Kingdom of Kakheti and Kartli, but also against the Russian authorities. Therefore, Fatali Khan refused to support the Georgian prince.
ON RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS OF DAGESTAN HISTORIC WORKS «DERBEND-NAMEH» AND «DARBAND-NAMA-YI JADID» (historiographic aspect)
Authors: Orazaev G M-R
Published: June 2019

The article presents a historiographic review of various Russian translations of two Dagestan historic works - Muhammad AvabiAktashi’s «Derbend-nameh» and Mirza-HaidarVezirov’s «Darband-nama-yijadid» made from the early 18th century to the early 21st century. The author calls attention to the translations, which are still in handwritten form and have not yet been studied by scientists. Particular attention is also paid to those Russian translations that were published in incomplete or full versions. The first Russian translation of the «Book of Derbent» was done by Peter the Great’s companion YusupIzhbulatov in 1726, however, it remained unpublished. Among unpublished translations there are two manuscripts stored in the National Manuscript Center of the Republic of Georgia and the translation done in 1886 or 1887 by the famous Mountain-Jewish scholar I.Sh. Anisimov. The collection of unpublished Russian translations done by the staff of the Dagestan Scientific Institute in the 1930s is stored in the funds of the Scientific Archives of our Institute. The places of their storage in various cities - Petersburg, Moscow, Tbilisi, Makhachkala - are pointed out in the article. Some texts were published by the authors of Russian translations - Abas-Kuli Bakikhanov, Alexandra Kozlova, Maksud Alikhanov-Avarsky, Patimat Alibekova, Magomed-Said Saidov, Amri Shikhsaidov, Alikber Alikberov, Gasan Orazaev. Of particular interest to researchers is the translation of those lists of the «Derbend-nameh», in which there is a preface of Muhammad Avabi Aktashi from Endirei, the author of the historic work «Derbend-Nameh». It should be noted that the translations of this work into Russian were done not only from the Turkic language, in which the «Derbend-nameh» was written, but also from the Arabic language, in which it was presented many times.
THE INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONS OF A CIVIL SOCIETY ON ETHNOPOLITICAL PROCESSES DURING THE SYSTEMIC TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN SOCIETIES (On the materials of Kabardino-Balkariya and Karachaevo-Circassia)
Authors: Tetuev A I
Published: June 2019

The author of the article considers the process of formation and development of civil society institutions in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and their influence on ethno-political processes at various stages of modernization reforms in the post-Soviet Russia, analyzes the formation of regulatory and legal framework of non-commercial organization, the stages of development and the structure of civil society institutions in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia. The article covers activity of public authorities, local government and social associations of the republics during the period of growth of centrifugal tendencies in the North Caucasus. The author analyzes attempts to realize various forms of self-determination, to conduct administrative and territorial transformations and considers the factors that negatively affect the ethno-political situation in the region. The author of the article presents the activity of republican institutions of civil society: public chambers, cultural and national centers and associations, youth and religious organizations, mass media, and studies the experience of public chambers in holding meetings where topical issues of socio-economic and public life of the republics were discussed, including those aimed at strengthening of ethno-political stability in the region. An effective form of taking into account the public opinion while developing management decisions is the participation of the Public Chamber in conducting public expertise of draft federal and regional laws. Special mention should be made of the activities of the Public Chamber for prevention of religious extremism. The work on generalization of the activities of religious associations for implementation of social programs and projects aimed at increasing the level of culture of interconfessional and interethnic tolerance among young people is to solve this problem. At the same time, there are some factors that impede the development of civil society institutions in the region. First of all, it is low social activity of citizens and the absence of principled civic position on a number of crucial issues. In conclusion, the author determines main perspective directions of the development of civil society institutions in the region.
THE TURKIC MATERIALS OF ARCHEOGRAPHIC EXPEDITIONS OF 2015-2016.
Authors: Orazaev G M-R
Published: June 2019

The article deals with manuscript and printed books written in the Arabic graphic, revealed by the author in private collections of particular people living in flat and submontane areas of the Republic of Dagestan. During summer months of 2015 and 2016, the author visited Nogaysky, Karabudakhkentsky, Buynaksky, Khasavyurtovsky and Kizlyarsky districts, where he recorded old printed (lithographic) books and manuscript materials stored in fifteen private collections and in the museum of the village of Terekli-Mekteb and in the Jame Mosque of the village of Ullubiyaul as well. The author draws attention mainly to the materials written in the Turkic languages in Arabic graphic both in Dagestan and outside it - in Turkey, Central Asia, the Volga Region (Kazan, Ufa, Orenburg), in the Crimea, and in St. Petersburg. Books of this origin existed and were used by Dagestan readers of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The revealed materials are subjected to an archeographic description according to the generally accepted scheme. They allow us to assess the situation related to the subject, degree of use, the prevalence of Muslim literature in various districts of Dagestan. Among the written objects found in various collections, the author recorded many texts written not only in the Arabic, but also in the Kumyk, Azerbaijani, Tatar, Ottoman Turkish languages and in the common Turki language.
Diseño de una estrategia de promoción ambiental para contrarrestar las afecciones respiratorias asociadas al cambio climático
Authors: Alvarez Soledad , Barbosa Sandra Milena
Published: June 2019

En marzo de 2014, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) alertaba de que la contaminación del aire -que incluye contaminantes como el material particulado (siglas PM en inglés), el ozono, el dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2) o el dióxido de azufre (SO2)- causa anualmente 3,7 millones muertes prematuras en todo el mundo. De hecho, la contaminación del aire, en concreto el material particulado, es la primera causa ambiental de muerte y enfermedad, y la novena causa absoluta por delante del colesterol o la falta de ejercicio físico. En los últimos años varios estudios sobre los efectos agudos y crónicos de los contaminantes del aire han confirmado que el riesgo de padecer accidentes cerebrovasculares, cardiopatías, cáncer de pulmón, y enfermedades respiratorias crónicas y agudas, incluyendo el asma, incrementa a mayor exposición a estos contaminantes. Es más, parece ser que no existe un umbral de seguridad y que incluso a exposiciones muy bajas ya podría haber efectos en la salud (Useros, J. 2012).En Latinoamérica se han realizado varios tipos de diseños epidemiológicos para determinar la relación entre contaminación del aire y la salud, la mayoría de los cuales han sido series de tiempo, aunque también se han llevado a cabo estudios transversales y de cohorte. Los estudios en su mayoría han buscado relacionar la contaminación del aire extramuros con mortalidad por causas respiratorias. Los estudios sobre morbilidad se han 506 REVISTA DE SALUD PÚBLICA • Volumen 15, agosto 2013 centrado básicamente en la llamada morbilidad atendida, es decir visitas diarias a la sala de emergencia o de admisión hospitalaria.
Un enfoque hacia la discapacidad visual
Authors: Angulo Sánchez Sara Viviana
Published: June 2019

Los órganos de los sentidos representan la posibilidad que tiene el hombre para reconocer la creación existente, de valorar cada detalle, textura, color y sensación, lo que conduce a la recreación de experiencias cuyo fin será alojado en la memoria a largo plazo. No obstante, una de las situaciones que pueden afectar la comprensión del mundo exterior, es la ausencia completa o parcial de la visión entendiendo esta última, como el ingreso del 80% de acceso de la información simbólica a través de los órganos de los sentidos.
Tiflotecnología aplicada al paciente con baja visión
Authors: Lara Víctor
Published: June 2019

Presentación de un caso clínico: Paciente con diagnóstico previo de SÍNDROME DE AXENFIELD Y GLAUCOMA CONGÉNITO, con evolución de 17 años, referida a la edad 1 año 11 al servicio de visión baja. Diagnostico confirmado por los servicios de alta especialidad de genética, cornea, y glaucoma. Actualmente se encuentra bajo valoración oftalmológica de las mismas especialidades. Es referida al servicio de visión baja con 1 año 11 de edad, donde se fomenta un equipo multidisciplinario entre la familia, maestros de educación especial, terapeutas, médicos especialistas y licenciados en optometría. Fortaleciendo las habilidades visuales, psicomotrices, propioceptivas, favoreciendo la integración social- educativa.
地籍测绘在国土管理中的应用
Authors: 陈 琼
Published: June 2019

对国土资源进行管理的过程中，必须要切实完成好地籍测绘工作，保证测绘质量达到要求，这样方可使得国土资源管理的实效性有大幅提升。当前时期，我们国家的经济呈现出较快的发展趋势，国土管理的重要性逐渐突显出来，而在展开国土管理时，地籍测绘是重点关注的内容。地籍测绘所涉及的内容是较多的，比方说要做好地籍调查工作，对土地界址点进行测定等，若想使得国土资源能够实现有效发展，必须要将地籍测绘每个环节的工作予以有效落实。
浅谈返砂回收再利用改造技术
Authors: 冶 发明
Published: June 2019

石灰车间化灰岗位在整个生产系统中起关键作用，生石灰消化得到的灰乳悬浮液送往蒸吸、盐水、热电等工序使用，由于石灰石在煅烧过程中存在过烧或生烧等现象，以及化灰过程中消化率达不到100%，对烧成的生石灰造成浪费。因此对返砂回收再利用，对节约资源循环再利用、降低石灰石吨碱成本消耗、改善环保现状具有重要意义。
浅谈大体积混凝土基础温度控制
Authors: 赵 林
Published: June 2019

文章以烟囱基础为例展开讨论，基础截面长宽尺寸为26.5m×16m，整个基础坐落在60根混凝土方桩之上，为钢筋混凝土结构基础，混凝土强度等级为C40，混凝土浇筑量约1500立方米，环壁外围为斜坡型，基础底板整体厚度2.5m，基础环壁为环形锥台，基底标高-5.100m，其中垫层厚度为0.1m，采用150mm厚的C20素混凝土，环壁顶高±0.500m。
某安置房工程给排水设计实例探讨
Authors: 刘 智军
Published: June 2019

近年来国家为改造城镇危旧住房、改善困难家庭住房条件，兼顾完善城市功能、改善城市环境，优化配置土地资源，促进土地合理利用，加快了一系列重要民生实事项目推进。文章以此类工程在建的安置房小区为例，介绍了北京城市副中心某小区内消防和给排水设计，并从管理角度提出设计、施工及后期运营过程中相关建议，以期为类似工程项目提供参考。
基于GPS的矿山地质工程测量技术应用
Authors: 刘 庆功
Published: June 2019

随着中国矿区资源开发规模不断扩大，以GPS为中心的测量模式已经广泛应用，为了充分了解该技术在实际工作中的作用，提出了基于GPS的矿山地质工程测量技术应用。通过研究分析发现，采用GPS进行地质测量可以得到更精确的地理位置信息，可以实现长距离测量，还能够实现测量结果的立体化，保证测量结果的准确性和真实性，有利于矿山地质工程测量技术水平的提高。
浅谈我国公路风吹雪预测预报研究现状
Authors: 郑 清松 , 郑 思恩 , 冯 双
Published: June 2019

风吹雪是北方及西南地区常见的自然灾害，因其会造成积雪和能见度降低，从而导致交通阻塞甚至人员伤亡和经济损失。风吹雪的形成受到降雪、风速、地形等众多因素之间复杂关系的影响，为降低其对公路运行的影响，前人对风吹雪的预测预报工作做了较多研究，取得一定成果，但应用于工程中的研究成果仍较局限。
高层建筑岩土工程勘察重点难点分析
Authors: 肖 承斌
Published: June 2019

岩土工程的勘察是高层建筑建设中的重要工作，做好建筑施工前的勘察工作能促进高层建筑的顺利建设。目前，在我国的高层建筑建设中，岩土工程的勘察工作较为成熟，但仍有一些技术上的不足，因此主要针对高层建筑岩土工程勘察的重点难点进行分析，以期能促进建筑施工安全性与经济性的提高，实现建筑工程经济效益与社会效益的最大化。
Deep Learning with a Recurrent Network Structure in the Sequence Modeling of Imbalanced Data for ECG-Rhythm Classifier
Authors: Darmawahyuni Annisa , Nurmaini Siti , Sukemi  , Caesarendra Wahyu , Bhayyu Vicko , Rachmatullah M Naufal , Firdaus
Published: June 2019

The interpretation of Myocardial Infarction (MI) via electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a challenging task. ECG signals’ morphological view show significant variation in different patients under different physical conditions. Several learning algorithms have been studied to interpret MI. However, the drawback of machine learning is the use of heuristic features with shallow feature learning architectures. To overcome this problem, a deep learning approach is used for learning features automatically, without conventional handcrafted features. This paper presents sequence modeling based on deep learning with recurrent network for ECG-rhythm signal classification. The recurrent network architecture such as a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is proposed to automatically interpret MI via ECG signal. The performance of the proposed method is compared to the other recurrent network classifiers such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The objective is to obtain the best sequence model for ECG signal processing. This paper also aims to study a proper data partitioning ratio for the training and testing sets of imbalanced data. The large imbalanced data are obtained from MI and healthy control of PhysioNet: The PTB Diagnostic ECG Database 15-lead ECG signals. According to the comparison result, the LSTM architecture shows better performance than standard RNN and GRU architecture with identical hyper-parameters. The LSTM architecture also shows better classification compared to standard recurrent networks and GRU with sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-score, BACC, and MCC is 98.49%, 97.97%, 95.67%, 96.32%, 97.56%, and 95.32%, respectively. Apparently, deep learning with the LSTM technique is a potential method for classifying sequential data that implements time steps in the ECG signal.
Insights about the Epidemiology of Dog Bites in a Canadian City Using a Dog Aggression Scale and Administrative Data
Authors: Caffrey Niamh , Rock Melanie , Schmidtz Olivia , Anderson Doug , Parkinson Melissa , Checkley Sylvia L.
Published: June 2019

Dog bites are a public health concern that also implicates animal welfare, with negative outcomes such as rehoming or euthanasia for the animals responsible. Previous research has shown that the severity of dog-bite injuries reflects multiple factors, including the degree of inhibition exhibited by dogs and how people behave towards dogs. This study utilizes an objective dog bite injury assessment tool: The Dunbar aggression scale. Trained officers employed by The City of Calgary systematically use the Dunbar scale whenever investigating dog-bite complaints. We analyzed The City of Calgary’s administrative data on confirmed dog-bite injuries in people, 2012–2017, with a multivariable generalized ordered logistic regression model. Severe dog-bite injuries occurred more frequently in the family home than in any other setting. Young children, youths and older adults were at higher risk of more serious bites than adults. There has been a decreasing trend in the probability of a high or medium severity bite, and an increasing trend in the probability of a low severity bite since 2012. These results indicate that greater public awareness regarding dog-bite injuries is needed. Consideration should be given to campaigns targeted towards different demographics, including older adults, to provide an understanding of dog behaviour and to emphasize the need to supervise children closely in the presence of all dogs at all times, including family dogs in the home environment. Given that dog-bite injuries are not just a public health issue, but also an animal welfare issue, we endorse One Health responses in educational campaigns, policy development, and professional practice.
Prevalence and Zoonotic Potential of Giardia intestinalis in Dogs of the Central Region of Mexico
Authors: Godínez-Galaz Elsa M. , Veyna-Salazar Nerina P. , Olvera-Ramírez Andrea M. , Milián-Suazo Feliciano , Perea-Razo Claudia A. , Bernal-Reynaga Rodolfo , Cantó-Alarcón Germinal J.
Published: June 2019

Giardia intestinalis is a protozoan of worldwide distribution capable of infecting a large number of species, including humans and domestic animals. Dogs represent a risk to public health due to cross-infections by the zoonotic assemblages. However, there is little information concerning the prevalence and frequency of this parasite and its assemblages in dogs of the central region of Mexico, thus this study aimed to contribute to this matter. A total of 402 feces samples from dogs of different settings (shelter, breeding establishments, domestic and stray) were obtained and direct coproparasitoscopic examination by flotation revealed a prevalence of 25%. PCR was performed for amplification of the β-Giardin gene, to which 24 samples were positive. Assemblages were obtained through RFLP analysis, using enzymes Hae III to obtain the main genotypes (A–G), and Hha I to subtype assemblage A. All 24 samples were genotyped as assemblage A, with 83% as AI and 17% as AII. Thus, these findings confirm that dogs in the central region of Mexico are a risk for zoonotic transmission of this parasite, emphasizing the importance of a much needed control of the disease in this species.
Whole-Life or Fattening Period Only Broiler Feeding Strategies Achieve Similar Levels of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Enrichment Using the DHA-Rich Protist, Aurantiochytrium limacinum
Authors: D. Keegan Jason , Fusconi Giorgio , Morlacchini Mauro , A. Moran Colm
Published: June 2019

The fatty acid composition of broiler chicken tissues can be increased by adding omega-3 rich ingredients to their diets. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of tissue enrichment observed following the supplementation of broilers with the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich protist, Aurantiochytrium limacinum (AURA) for their whole life (42 days) or for the final 21-day fattening period. Day-old chicks (n = 350) were distributed among 35 pens (10 birds per pen) with each pen randomly assigned to one of five treatments: Control; 0.5% AURA from day 0–42; 1% AURA from day 0–42; 0.5% AURA from day 21–42; 1% AURA from day 21–42. Production parameters were recorded over the course of the study and the fatty acid profile of the breast, thigh, liver, kidney and skin with adhering fat was quantified at the end of the feeding period. The level of supplementation had a significant impact on the degree of omega-3 tissue enrichment, however, no differences were observed when the same dose was provided for 21 or 42 days. These results indicate that supplementation with AURA for a period of 21 days does not negatively affect broiler productivity and is the most efficient strategy to increase the nutritional value of broiler products.
Macroscopic Examination of Multiple-Shot Cattle Heads—An Animal Welfare Due Diligence Tool for Abattoirs Using Penetrating Captive Bolt Devices?
Authors: Grist Andrew , Knowles Toby G. , Wotton Stephen
Published: June 2019

Ideally, the application of a penetrating captive bolt device to render cattle immediately unconscious prior to slaughter would be 100% effective. Unfortunately, due to various factors this is not always the case. This paper examined, as an initial proof of concept, 12 bovine heads which had received more than one shot from a penetrating captive bolt, collected from various abattoirs within the United Kingdom. The heads were frozen to facilitate splitting on the medial plane to prevent distortion of soft tissue and each sagittal section was examined macroscopically to ascertain if this method could be used to determine the reasons for repeated stun attempts. In 10 out of 12 heads, shot placement was the determining factor, in one other head it was felt that anatomical variation was the reason and the twelfth head demonstrated signs of gun malfunction as the likely cause. This work provides evidence for a larger trial to facilitate the production of guidance for the abattoir industry, the Animal Welfare Officer and regulators on the examination of heads as part of an investigation of failures of a mechanical stunning system and to provide training material for slaughter staff tasked with effectively stunning cattle.
Novel Design and Lateral Stability Tracking Control of a Four-Wheeled Rollator
Authors: Zhang Xin , Li Jiehao , Hu Zhenhuan , Qi Wen , Zhang Longbin , Hu Yingbai , Su Hang , Ferrigno Giancarlo , Momi Elena De
Published: June 2019

Design and control of smart rollators have attracted increasing research interests in the past decades. To meet the requirements of the elderly or disabled users, this paper proposes a novel design and tracking control scheme for empowering and assisting natural human mobility with a four-wheeled rollator. Firstly, by integrating the advantages of Kano Model Analysis and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), we introduce a novel Kano-TRIZ industrial design method to design and optimize its mechanical structure. The demand and quality characteristics of the clinical rollator are analyzed according to the Kano model. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and TRIZ are adopted to integrate industrial product innovations and optimize the function configuration. Furthermore, a lateral stability controller based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme is introduced to achieve good tracking control performance with the lateral deviation and the heading angle deviation. Finally, the feasibility of the design and control method is verified with a simulation study. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm keeps the lateral position error in a reasonable range. In the co-simulation of ADAMS-MATLAB, the trajectory of the rollator is smooth with constrained position error within 0.1 m, the turning angle and speed can achieve stable tracking control within 5 s and the heading angle is accurate and the speed is stable. A compared experiment with MPC and SMC show that MPC controller has faster response, higher tracking accuracy and smoother trajectory on the novel designed rollator. With the increasing demand for rollators in the global market, the methodology proposed in this paper will attract more research and industry interests.
Experimental Study of Defect Localization in a Cross-Ply Fiber Reinforced Composite with Diffuse Ultrasonic Waves
Authors: Zhu Qi , Ding Yuxuan , Tu Dawei , Zhang Haiyan , Peng Yue
Published: June 2019

Diffuse wave inspection benefits from multiple scattering and is suitable for the nondestructive testing of complex structures with high sensitivity. This paper aims to localize the defect in a cross-ply carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite with the diffuse wave field experimentally based on the Locadiff technique. Firstly, the wave diffusivity and dissipation parameters are determined from the diffuse waveforms. Great dissipation is found for this composite plate due to its strong viscoelasticity, which makes the amplitude attenuate fast in a short propagation distance. The signal-to-noise ratios degrade significantly at off-axis directions so that only measurements along the X and Y axes are chosen. Secondly, the decorrelation coefficients are determined using the stretching technique. The decorrelation coefficients decrease initially due to the interaction between the wave fields and the defect and subsequently increase due to the low signal-to-noise ratio at the later time. Based on these data, a sensitivity time domain is chosen to center at t = 50 μs. Together with the defect sensitivity kernel calculated under constant diffusion property assumption, the defect is localized at [270 mm, 265 mm] compared to [300 mm, 280 mm] in the final reference state. This method is promising for early damage detection in fiber reinforced composite structures.
Numerical Modeling of Non-Uniformly Reinforced Carbon Concrete Lightweight Ceiling Elements
Authors: Chudoba Rostislav , Sharei Ehsan , Senckpiel-Peters Tilo , Schladitz Frank
Published: June 2019

The paper focuses on the specifics of macro-scale modeling of thin-walled textile-reinforced concrete shells. Application of layered shell finite elements requires systematic procedures for identification of material characteristics associated with the individual layers within the cross section. The identification of the material parameters describing the tensile behavior of a composite cross section is done using data obtained from the tensile test. Such test is usually performed only for a reference configurations with a simple layup of fabrics and a chosen thickness. The question is how to derive the strain-hardening response from the tensile test that is relevant for a changed cross-sectional configuration. We describe and discuss scaling and mixture rules that can be used to modify the material parameters for modified cross-sectional layups. The rules are examined in the context of the test results obtained on a shell that was reinforced non-uniformly, with varying types of textile fabrics and varying thickness within the shell surface.
Algorithm for Surfaces Profiles and Thickness Variation Measurement of a Transparent Plate Using a Fizeau Interferometer with Wavelength Tuning
Authors: Sun Tao , Zheng Weiwei , Yu Yingjie , Yan Ketao , Asundi Anand , Valukh Sergiy
Published: June 2019

An interferogram obtained from a transparent plate contains information on the profiles of both surfaces and on the thickness variation. The present work is devoted to the processing of interferograms of this type. The processing technique is based on a 36-step algorithm developed by the authors for characterization of transparent plates having approximately equal reflections from both sides. The algorithm utilizes weighted multi-step phase shifting that enables one not only separately to extract the front and rear surface profiles together with the thickness variation of the tested plate but also to suppress the coupling errors between the higher harmonics and phase-shift deviation. The proposed measuring method was studied on a wavelength tunable Fizeau interferometer. The tested sample had an optical thickness and surface profile deviations equal to 0.51 µm, 1.38 µm and 0.89 µm, respectively. According to the results obtained using 10 repeated measurements, the root mean square (RMS) errors for determining both surface profiles did not exceed 1.5 nm. Experimental results show that the setup and presented 36-step algorithm are suitable for the measurement of a transparent plate of arbitrary thickness.
Comparison of SAFNWC/MSG Satellite Cloud Type with Vaisala CL51 Ceilometer-Detected Cloud Base Layer Using the Sky Condition Algorithm and Vaisala BL-View Software
Authors: Šálek Milan , Szabó-Takács Beáta
Published: June 2019

Ceilometer detection can be used to determine cloud type based on cloud layer height. Satellite observations provide images of clouds’ physical properties. During the summer and winter of 2017, Satellite Application Facility on support to Nowcasting/Very Short-Range Forecasting Meteosat Second Generation (SAFNWC/MSG) cloud type was compared to cloud base layers based upon a sky condition algorithm of Vaisala CL51 ceilometer and the BL-View applied range-variant smoothing backscatter profile at the National Atmospheric Observatory in Košetice, Czech Republic. This study investigated whether the larger measurement range of CL51 improved high cloud base detection and the effect of the range-variant smoothing on cloud base detection. The comparison utilized a multi-category contingency table wherein hit rate, false alarm ratio, frequency of bias, and proportion correct were evaluated. The accuracy of low-level and high cloud type detection by satellite was almost identical in both seasons compared to that using the sky condition algorithm. The occurrence of satellite high cloud detection was greatest when the ceilometer detected high cloud base above low and/or medium cloud base. The hit rate of high cloud detection increased significantly when the BL-View-produced cloud base layer was applied as a reference. We conclude that BL-View produces more accurate high cloud base detection.
The Role of a Key Amino Acid Position in Species-Specific Proteinaceous dUTPase Inhibition
Authors: Benedek András , Temesváry-Kis Fanni , Khatanbaatar Tamjidmaa , Leveles Ibolya , Surányi Éva Viola , Szabó Judit Eszter , Wunderlich Lívius , Vértessy Beáta G.
Published: June 2019

Protein inhibitors of key DNA repair enzymes play an important role in deciphering physiological pathways responsible for genome integrity, and may also be exploited in biomedical research. The staphylococcal repressor StlSaPIbov1 protein was described to be an efficient inhibitor of dUTPase homologues showing a certain degree of species-specificity. In order to provide insight into the inhibition mechanism, in the present study we investigated the interaction of StlSaPIbov1 and Escherichia coli dUTPase. Although we observed a strong interaction of these proteins, unexpectedly the E. coli dUTPase was not inhibited. Seeking a structural explanation for this phenomenon, we identified a key amino acid position where specific mutations sensitized E. coli dUTPase to StlSaPIbov1 inhibition. We solved the three-dimensional (3D) crystal structure of such a mutant in complex with the substrate analogue dUPNPP and surprisingly found that the C-terminal arm of the enzyme, containing the P-loop-like motif was ordered in the structure. This segment was never localized before in any other E. coli dUTPase crystal structures. The 3D structure in agreement with solution phase experiments suggested that ordering of the flexible C-terminal segment upon substrate binding is a major factor in defining the sensitivity of E. coli dUTPase for StlSaPIbov1 inhibition.
PIN2 Polarity Establishment in Arabidopsis in the Absence of an Intact Cytoskeleton
Authors: Glanc Matouš , Fendrych Matyáš , Friml Jiří
Published: June 2019

Cell polarity is crucial for the coordinated development of all multicellular organisms. In plants, this is exemplified by the PIN-FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers of the phytohormone auxin: The polar subcellular localization of the PINs is instructive to the directional intercellular auxin transport, and thus to a plethora of auxin-regulated growth and developmental processes. Despite its importance, the regulation of PIN polar subcellular localization remains poorly understood. Here, we have employed advanced live-cell imaging techniques to study the roles of microtubules and actin microfilaments in the establishment of apical polar localization of PIN2 in the epidermis of the Arabidopsis root meristem. We report that apical PIN2 polarity requires neither intact actin microfilaments nor microtubules, suggesting that the primary spatial cue for polar PIN distribution is likely independent of cytoskeleton-guided endomembrane trafficking.
Recent Advances in the Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide: A Green Route to Carbonylated Heterocycle Synthesis
Authors: Dalpozzo Renato , Della Ca’ Nicola , Gabriele Bartolo , Mancuso Raffaella
Published: June 2019

Carbon dioxide produced by human activities is one of the main contributions responsible for the greenhouse effect, which is modifying the Earth’s climate. Therefore, post-combustion CO2 capture and its conversion into high value-added chemicals are integral parts of today’s green industry. On the other hand, carbon dioxide is a ubiquitous, cheap, abundant, non-toxic, non-flammable and renewable C1 source. Among CO2 usages, this review aims to summarize and discuss the advances in the reaction of CO2, in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, carbamates, and ureas appeared in the literature since 2017.
Capturing the Biologic Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Impact on Translational and Clinical Science
Authors: Sorrentino Dario , Nguyen Vu Q. , Chitnavis Maithili V.
Published: June 2019

While much progress has been made in the last two decades in the treatment and the management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)—both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD)—as of today these conditions are still diagnosed only after they have become symptomatic. This is a major drawback since by then the inflammatory process has often already caused considerable damage and the disease might have become partially or totally unresponsive to medical therapy. Late diagnosis in IBD is due to the lack of accurate, non-invasive indicators that would allow disease identification during the pre-clinical stage—as it is often done in many other medical conditions. Here, we will discuss what is known about the biologic onset and pre-clinical CD with an emphasis on studies conducted in patients’ first degree relatives. We will then review the possible strategies to diagnose IBD very early in time including screening, available disease markers and imaging, and the possible clinical implications of treating these conditions at or close to their biologic onset. Later, we will review the potential impact of conducting translational research in IBD during the pre-clinical stage, especially focusing on the role of the microbiome in disease etiology and pathogenesis. Finally, we will highlight possible future developments in the field and how they can impact IBD management and our scientific knowledge of these conditions.
RhoGTPase in Vascular Disease
Authors: Strassheim Derek , Gerasimovskaya Evgenia , Irwin David , Dempsey Edward C. , Stenmark Kurt , Karoor Vijaya
Published: June 2019

Ras-homologous (Rho)A/Rho-kinase pathway plays an essential role in many cellular functions, including contraction, motility, proliferation, and apoptosis, inflammation, and its excessive activity induces oxidative stress and promotes the development of cardiovascular diseases. Given its role in many physiological and pathological functions, targeting can result in adverse effects and limit its use for therapy. In this review, we have summarized the role of RhoGTPases with an emphasis on RhoA in vascular disease and its impact on endothelial, smooth muscle, and heart and lung fibroblasts. It is clear from the various studies that understanding the regulation of RhoGTPases and their regulators in physiology and pathological conditions is required for effective targeting of Rho.
Correction: Trinh, H.V., et al. Humoral Response to the HIV-1 Envelope V2 Region in a Thai Early Acute Infection Cohort. Cells 2019, 8, 365
Authors: Trinh Hung V. , Gohain Neelakshi , Pham Peter T. , Hamlin Christopher , Song Hongshuo , Sanders-Buell Eric , Bose Meera , Eller Leigh A. , Jain Swati , Uritskiy Gherman , Rao Venigalla B. , Tovanabutra Sodsai , Michael Nelson L. , Robb Merlin L. , Joyce M. Gordon , Rao Mangala
Published: June 2019

In the original version of our article [...]
gga-miRNA-18b-3p Inhibits Intramuscular Adipocytes Differentiation in Chicken by Targeting the ACOT13 Gene
Authors: Sun Guirong , Li Fang , Ma Xiangfei , Sun Junwei , Jiang Ruirui , Tian Yadong , Han Ruili , Li Guoxi , Wang Yanbin , Li Zhuanjian , Kang Xiangtao , Li Wenting
Published: June 2019

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is the most important evaluating indicator of chicken meat quality, the content of which is positively correlated with tenderness, flavor, and succulence of the meat. Chicken IMF deposition process is regulated by many factors, including genetic, nutrition, and environment. Although large number of omics’ studies focused on the IMF deposition process, the molecular mechanism of chicken IMF deposition is still poorly understood. In order to study the role of miRNAs in chicken intramuscular adipogenesis, the intramuscular adipocyte differentiation model (IMF-preadipocytes and IMF-adipocytes) was established and subject to miRNA-Seq. A total of 117 differentially expressed miRNAs between two groups were obtained. Target genes prediction and functional enrichment analysis revealed that eight pathways involved in lipid metabolism related processes, such as fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid elongation. Meanwhile a putative miRNA, gga-miR-18b-3p, was identified be served a function in the intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. Luciferase assay suggested that the gga-miR-18b-3p targeted to the 3′UTR of ACOT13. Subsequent functional experiments demonstrated that gga-miR-18b-3p acted as an inhibitor of intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by targeting ACOT13. Our findings laid a new theoretical foundation for the study of lipid metabolism, and also provided a potential target to improve the meat quality in the poultry industry.
Laser Surface Texturing of Alumina/Zirconia Composite Ceramics for Potential Use in Hip Joint Prosthesis
Authors: Baino Francesco , Montealegre Maria Angeles , Minguella-Canela Joaquim , Vitale-Brovarone Chiara
Published: June 2019

The use of metal shell to fix an acetabular cup to bone in hip joint prosthesis carries some limitations, including restrictions in prosthetic femur ball diameter and in patient’s range of motion. These drawbacks could be ideally overcome by using a monolithic ceramic acetabular cup, but the fixation of such an implant to host bone still remains a challenge. Since porous surfaces are known to promote more bone tissue interlocking compared to smooth materials, in this work the surfaces of sintered alumina/zirconia composite ceramics were treated by a pulsed laser radiation at 1064 nm with a pulse width in the nanosecond range, in order to impart controlled textural patterns. The influence of laser process parameters (e.g., energy per pulse, repetition rate, scanning speed, repetition number, angle of laser beam, and number of cycles) on the roughness and texture orientation was systematically investigated. The obtained surface topographies were inspected by optical and scanning electron microscopy, and the roughness was assessed by contact profilometry. Surface roughness could be modulated in the range of 3 to 30 µm by varying the processing parameters, among which the number of cycles was shown to play a major role. The laser treatment was also successfully adapted and applied to ceramic acetabular cups with a curved profile, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed approach to process real prosthetic components.
Luminescent and Scintillation Properties of CeAlO3 Crystals and Phase-Separated CeAlO3/CeAl11O18 Metamaterials
Authors: Sidletskiy Oleg , Arhipov Pavlo , Tkachenko Serhii , Gerasymov Iaroslav , Trushkovsky Georgy , Zorenko Tetyana , Zorenko Yuriy , Mateychenko Pavel , Puzan Anna , Gieszczyk Wojciech , Bilski Pawel
Published: June 2019

This work is dedicated to the growth process and investigation of luminescent and scintillation properties of CeAlO3 single crystals and CeAlO3/CeAl11O18 metamaterials under e-beam and α-particles excitation. It has been shown that cathodoluminescence and radioluminescence spectra of CeAlO3 crystals contain two bands, peaking at 440 and 500 nm, and caused by the Ce3+ 5d–4f transitions into CeAl11O18 phase, which is present in these crystals as an admixture. Under 270 nm ultraviolet (UV) light excitation, a CeAlO3 crystal possesses complicated non-exponential luminescence decay, with the average decay time of 16 ns. The light yield of CeAlO3 crystals under α-particle excitation is about 16% and 12%, in respect to the standard Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) crystal and Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG:Ce) single crystalline film samples, respectively. The CeAlO3 scintillation decay is quite fast, with the decay time value t1/e in the 54–56 ns range.