bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the effects of Zimbabwean white farmers on small scale farming in Nigeria
Authors: Adewumi Matthew Olaniyi , Jimoh Ayodele , Omotesho Olubunmi Abayomi
Published: October 2019

Many observers believe that the on-going liberalization of the world will have dramatic negative effects on small farmers in both developed and developing countries. This study aims to capture the effects of the presence of foreign migrant farmers on small scale farm­ing systems, which are prevalent in Nigeria. The Agricultural Development Project Zone D in which the white farmers settled in the state of Kwara, was used as a case study. Primary data were collected from white farmers as well as from local farmers regarding their situ­ation before and after the arrival of white farmers. Descriptive statistics and analysis of the farm budget were used in evaluating the data. The majority of local farmers (98.63%) transitioned towards sole cropping since the arrival of white farmers in the area. There were significant increases in seed rate, fertilizer and other chemicals, as well as labor inputs per farmer in the area when compared to the situation that was prevalent before the white farmers settled there. Their average farm size, distances between their houses and farms and tractor use reduced significantly, while output per farm size increased considerably since the arrival of white farmers in the area. In order to provide sustainability of the posi­tive development, there is the need to seek a policy option that will calm local farmers who once in a while exhibit signs of dissatisfaction for the way in which white farmers came to settle on their land. These could be achieved through the use of the participatory approach to agricultural development in the area. This approach could also be relevant in other re­gions of the world with similar situations.
Heteroscedasticity in a two-factors design model
Authors: Martínez Jaime Oscar Alejandro , Díaz García José Antonio
Published: October 2019

This paper studies the two-factors design model when the heteroscedasticity of variance is present in errors. As can be observed, testing of hypothesis based on the main effects for this design model can be performed using Hotelling's T2 test. Simultaneous confidence intervals are also proposed. Finally, the proposed methodology is applied to a real-life example.
Migración, sucesos estresantes y salud: perspectivas de las mujeres michoacanas de comunidades rurales con familiares migrantes
Authors: Rivera-Heredia María Elena , Obregón Velasco Nydia , Cervantes Pacheco Ericka Ivonne
Published: October 2019

Introducción. Se requiere mayor conocimiento sobre el impacto y los costos emocionales de la migración. Objetivo. Analizar la percepción de las mujeres que son hijas, madres, esposas o hermanas de migrantes respecto a los sucesos estresantes asociados con la migración y los efectos de éstos en su salud física y mental. Método. Muestreo no probabilístico por con­veniencia con metodología mixta. Participaron 62 mujeres en cinco grupos focales quienes respondieron una escala de sintomatología depresiva (CESD-R). Resultados. El suceso estre­sante más frecuente fue la ausencia física y afectiva de la pareja, seguido de la incertidum­bre y preocupación por el migrante, la falta de dinero y la salud de los hijos. Predominaron los sentimientos de soledad, tristeza y enojo. Aparecen síntomas de fatiga, insomnio, afecto deprimido y somatización. Discusión. Se confirma la asociación entre migración, sucesos estresantes y salud, vinculada con los recursos psicológicos y sociales de las mujeres para “sacar adelante a su familia” y contribuir al bienestar familiar.
Local fractional variational iteration method for Fokker-Planck equation on a Cantor set
Authors: Jun Yang Xiao , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: October 2019

Recently the local fractional operators have started to be considered a useful tool to deal with fractal functions defined on Cantor sets. In this paper, we consider the Fokker-Planck equation on a Cantor set derived from the fractional complex transform method. Additionally, the solution obtained is considered by using the local fractional variational iteration method.
Implementation of a dynamically flexible optoelectronics logic gate using a fiber laser, numerical study
Authors: Afanador Delgado S. , Jaimes Reátegui R. , Sevilla Escoboza R. , Huerta Cuéllar G. , García López J. , López Mancilla D. , Camacho Castillo L. , Castañeda Hernández C.
Published: October 2019

We implement an algorithm to reproduce the behavior of a dynamic logic gate which consists of three elements: a fiber laser in chaotic regime, a threshold controller and the output of the logic gate. The output signal of the fiber laser is sent to the logic gate input as to the threshold controller; threshold controller output signal is sent at the entrance of the logic gate and also fed back to the fiber laser which changes their dynamic behavior. The output of the logic gate consists of a difference amplifier; this compares the signals sent by the threshold controller and the fiber laser, resulting logic output that depend on an accessible parameter in threshold controller. We present the numerical results of the implementation of a dynamic logic gate using fiber laser, which demonstrates the ability to change the type of logic gate by modifying a parameter of threshold control.
Three-Year Longitudinal Fitness Tracking in Top-Level Competitive Youth Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Cordingley Dean M. , Sirant Luke , MacDonald Peter B. , Leiter Jeff R.
Published: October 2019

Cordingley, DM, Sirant, L, MacDonald, PB, and Leiter, JR. Three-year longitudinal fitness tracking in top-level competitive youth ice hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 2909–2912, 2019—The purpose of this retrospective review was to report the physical and physiological development of top-level competitive male youth hockey players for 3 consecutive years (13, 14, and 15 years of age). Before each hockey season, the athletes (n = 103) underwent a fitness testing combine to assess aerobic, anaerobic, and musculoskeletal fitness. The tests performed included the height, body mass, body fat percentage determined by skinfolds, push-ups, chin-ups, plank, broad jump, grip strength 20-m shuttle run, Wingate bike test, and 5-10-5 shuttle test. Height and body mass increased with each consecutive year (p < 0.05) with no change in body fat percentage. Chin-ups, broad jump, and grip strength all improved with age (p < 0.001). However, push-ups only improved from 13 to 14 years of age (p < 0.001), whereas maximal plank duration decreased from 14 to 15 years of age (p < 0.05). The total distance covered during the 20-m shuttle run decreased from 14 to 15 years of age (p < 0.05). Absolute peak and average power increased with each age increase (p < 0.001), but relative peak and average power only increased from 13 to 14 years of age (p < 0.05). There was no change in the fatigue index with age. The 5-10-5 shuttle test improved with each age increase (p < 0.05). Over a 3-year period (13–15 years of age), there are many physical and physiological changes that occur in top-level competitive male hockey players. Having a better understanding of how these athletes develop could aid in the implementation of specific on- and off-ice training programs.
Combined Chemical and Thermal Sintering for High Conductivity Inkjet-printed Silver Nanoink on Flexible Substrates
Authors: Ivanišević Irena , Kassal Petar , Milinković Andrea , Rogina Anamarija , Milardović Stjepan
Published: October 2019

Electrical conductivity is a key factor in measuring performance of printed electronics,

but the conductivity of inkjet-printed silver nanoinks greatly depends on post-fabrication

sintering. In this work, two different conductive silver nanoinks, in which the silver nanoparticles were stabilized by two different capping agents – Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) – were synthesized. The inks were inkjet-printed on flexible PET substrates, coated with an additional polycation layer, which facilitated

chemical sintering. The printed features were then exposed to moderately elevated

temperatures to evaluate the effect of combined chemical and thermal sintering. Both

inks produced conductive features at room temperature, and the conductivity increased

with both temperature and duration of sintering. At temperatures above 100 °C, the choice of capping agent had no pronounced effect on conductivity, which approached very high values of 50 % of bulk silver in all cases. The lowest resistivity (2.24 μΩ cm) was obtained after sintering at 120 °C for 180 min. By combining chemical and conventional thermal sintering, we have produced remarkably conductive silver electrodes on flexible substrates, while using low-cost and simple processes.
Biocatalysis for the Production of Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Authors: Švarc Anera , Skendrović Dino , Vrsalović Presečki Ana
Published: October 2019

The application of enzymes in chemical synthesis, due to the recent advances, has a strong impact in multiple industries, especially the pharmaceutical industry. Namely, the use of enzymes shows remarkable advantages over classical chemical catalysis and therefore it is considered a ‘green’ solution. By using novel techniques, it is possible to tailor the enzymes to adapt them for a given process. Today, several pharmaceutical companies are successfully producing valuable precursors for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients using enzymes, some of them being statin precursors. Statins are hypolipidemics, drugs used for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and lowering cholesterol concentration in blood. Due to challenges in the chemical synthesis of statin intermediates, the production of statin intermediates using enzyme-catalysed reactions shows some notable advantages. Therefore, research and development laboratories, combined with reaction engineering techniques, have shifted their focus towards applying biochemical catalysis for the production of statin intermediates.
Tetrazolium test to evaluate viability and vigour in Genipa americana seeds
Authors: Santos das Virgens Paulo Bruno , Almeida Conceição Taise , Marani Barbosa Rafael
Published: October 2019

Evaluating the vigour and viability of seeds can help in the production of seed lots with proven high physiological potential. In this regard, the tetrazolium (TZ) test is efficient, rapid and inexpensive; however, it not been fully explored for forest species. Further development of species-specific methodologies is required in order to maximise the test efficacy. The objective of this work was to define a tetrazolium test protocol to evaluate the vigour and viability of Genipa americana L seeds. Fruits and seeds were characterised for biometry and initial water content before and after hydration. Germination, germination speed index, electrical conductivity and seedling emergence was also performed. For the TZ test, G. americana seeds were cut longitudinally and submitted to different seed pre-conditioning methods (with and without 24 hours imbibition), different TZ concentrations (0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.25%) and three immersion periods (2, 3 and 4 hours). The tetrazolium test allowed adequate evaluation of seed vigour levels (Viable; Viable and non-vigourous; and Non-viable). Immersion of non-imbibed seeds in 0.10% TZ solution, for three hours is the most efficient protocol for evaluating the vigour and viability of G. americana seeds.
Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community
Authors: Gao Xiangyu , Sun Wanwan , Wang Yi , Zhang Yawen , Li Rumei , Huang Jinya , Yang Yehong
Published: October 2019

Background

Islet autoantibodies occur in type 2 diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of positive islet autoimmunity in community patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

A total of 495 community patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited using the method of cluster sampling in this cross-sectional study. Three islet autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), insulin autoantibody (IAA) and islet cell antibody (ICA) were measured, and clinical characteristics involved in those individuals were evaluated.

Results

The positive rate of islet autoantibodies was 28.5% in total, while combinations of different autoantibodies were rarely seen. Compared with GADA-negative group, positive counterparts significantly tended to have lower levels of body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and urinary microalbumin (mALB) (P < 0.05). Adjusted for confounding factors, WHR, triglycerides (TG), and mALB seemed to be negative independent predictors of GADA (OR < 1, P < 0.05). Patients with positive IAA tended to receive insulin treatment (P < 0.0001). Besides, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), aspartate transaminase (AST), and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were more likely to be higher in IAA positive subgroup in comparison with the negative counterparts. While after AST was adjusted by unconditional logistic regression analysis, history of insulin treatment, FBG, HDL-CH, and GGT were confirmed as positive predictors of IAA. Furthermore, in patients who were IAA positive, those treated with exogenous insulin tended to have longer duration of diabetes than non-insulin treatment counterparts (P < 0.0001). With regard to ICA, however, there were no significant differences between the two subgroups, except that serum level of AST/ALT seemed to be slightly different (P = 0.064).

Conclusion

These data suggested that type 2 diabetic community patients with positive GADA tended to be lean and were able to maintain normal lipid metabolism, while patients with positivity of IAA were frequently accompanied with insulin treatment and more closely associated with diabetic liver damage.
Pituitary tumour fibroblast-derived cytokines influence tumour aggressiveness
Authors: Marques Pedro , Barry Sayka , Carlsen Eivind , Collier David , Ronaldson Amy , Awad Sherine , Dorward Neil , Grieve Joan , Mendoza Nigel , Muquit Samiul , Grossman Ashley B , Balkwill Frances , Korbonits Márta
Published: October 2019

Tumour-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are key elements of the tumour microenvironment, but their role in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) has been little explored. We hypothesised that TAF-derived cytokines may play a role in tumour aggressiveness and that their release can be inhibited by somatostatin analogues. TAFs were isolated and cultured from 16 PitNETs (11 clinically non-functioning tumours and 5 somatotropinomas). The fibroblast secretome was assessed with a 42-plex cytokine array before and after multiligand somatostatin receptor agonist pasireotide treatment. Angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway assessment included CD31, E-cadherin and ZEB1 expression. GH3 cells treated with TAF- or skin fibroblast-conditioned medium were assessed for migration, invasion and cell morphology changes. PitNET TAFs secreted significant amounts of cytokines including CCL2, CCL11, VEGF-A, CCL22, IL-6, FGF-2 and IL-8. TAFs from PitNETs with cavernous sinus invasion secreted higher IL-6 levels compared to fibroblasts from non-invasive tumours (P = 0.027). Higher CCL2 release from TAFs correlated with more capillaries (r = 0.672, P = 0.004), and TAFs from PitNETs with a higher Ki-67 tended to secrete more CCL2 (P = 0.058). SST1 is the predominant somatostatin receptor in TAFs, and pasireotide decreased TAF-derived IL-6 by 80% (P < 0.001) and CCL2 by 35% (P = 0.038). GH3 cells treated with TAF-conditioned medium showed increased migration and invasion compared to cells treated with skin fibroblast-conditioned medium, with morphological and E-cadherin and ZEB1 expression changes suggesting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. TAF-derived cytokines may increase PitNET aggressiveness, alter angiogenesis and induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition changes. Pasireotide’s inhibitory effect on TAF-derived cytokines suggest that this effect may play a role in its anti-tumour effects.
Ethical considerations about informed consent in physiotherapy in Romania
Authors: Roman Nadinne , Miclaus Roxana , Rogozea Liliana
Published: October 2019

Background and aim. Physiotherapy has a distinct feature in terms of patient relationship, regarding the level of communication, especially how physical therapy sessions take place throughout the rehabilitation process. One of the particularities encountered in Romanian physiotherapy practice is related to obtaining informed consent (IC), considering that the initial contact of the patient is with a rehabilitation doctor when general consent is obtained. The aim of this study was to investigate Romanian physiotherapists aspects related to the frequency and use of IC at the beginning of physiotherapy.

Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Romanian physiotherapists using a survey with 2 open and 37 closed items, including nine demographics items, developed after a systematic literature review. The closed items were Likert type scales, measuring frequency or agreement on scale from 1 to 5. The questionnaire was distributed online from November 2017 until May 2018 and data was gathered from 148 physiotherapists. The statistical analysis targeted descriptive analysis and multiple regression.

Results. The results suggested that only 40.82% of physiotherapists always seek to obtain IC at physiotherapy onset, while 16.3% never apply this legal demand in their professional activity, confidence intervals were set to 95% with 3.34 lower bound and 3.82 upper bound. Through multiple regression, we have identified factors which correlate with an increased frequency of IC obtaining at physiotherapy onset. Professional skills,ethical knowledge and ethical reasoning are factors with a positive influence towards obtaining IC with an increased frequency.

Conclusions. Ethical knowledge, moral reasoning and consideration for patient are elements which have a positive influence regarding the awareness of IC. The process of demanding and obtaining IC within Romanian physiotherapists must be improved despite the particularities of medical practiceFurther research is needed to identify the methods by which Romanian physiotherapists awareness toward IC can be increased.
Shadow economical practices in the system of social risks
Authors: Nadraga Vasyl
Published: October 2019

This article analyzes the peculiarities and the extent of shadowing of economic relations in Ukraine are considered its consequences through the prism of actualization of social risks of Ukrainian society.
Outlined the basic risks of shad-ow economic activities, including corruption of the state apparatus, low role of law and the judicial system, the formation of layer of shadow oligarchy, abuse in the budgetary sphere, increasing unemployment, unfair redistribution of wealth.
Działanie Ducha Świętego w życiu chrześcijanina na podstawie wybranych homilii św. Jana Chryzostoma
Authors: Dera Marcin
Published: October 2019

Święty Jan Chryzostom, który urodził się ok. 349 roku po Chrystusie, był jednym z najwybitniejszych kaznodziejów w historii Kościoła. W swoich homiliach koncentrował się na formacji moralnej chrześcijan. Uczynił to kosztem przepowiadania stricte doktrynalnego. Do dzisiaj zachowały się rozprawy Złotoustego z ówczesnymi herezjami, które podważały boskość Ducha Świętego oraz wystąpienia związane z uroczystością Pięćdziesiątnicy i Epifanii. Do jego wypowiedzi na temat Ducha Świętego należy zaliczyć także niektóre homilie katechetyczne oraz mowy przeciw Żydom, judaizantom i Hellenom. Dynamiczna retoryka oraz bezkompromisowość św. Jana Chryzostoma może być dla współczesnego homilety inspiracją w przygotowywaniu przepowiadania o Duchu Świętym.
Głosiciel z Duchem. Rola Ducha Świętego w kaznodziejstwie według Evangelii gaudium
Authors: Szewczyk Leszek
Published: October 2019

Papież Franciszek w adhortacji apostolskiej Evangelii gaudium o głoszeniu Ewangelii we współczesnym świecie z 2013 roku podejmuje wiele zagadnień dotyczących roli Ducha Świętego w praktyce kaznodziejskiej. W opracowaniu zostały podjęte zagadnienia dotyczącekwestii pneumatologicznych w przepowiadaniu kaznodziejskim, powołania do słuchania ludzi i głoszenia słowa Bożego, roli Ducha Świętego w przygotowaniu do głoszenia słowa Bożego, duchowości głosiciela słowa Bożego. Wskazane również zostały niebezpieczeństwa zagrażające współczesnym kaznodziejom. Podstawowym źródłem opracowania jest przesłanie Evangelii gaudium, z której powyższe zagadnienie zostały wydobyte i przeanalizowane.
Przepowiadanie jako charyzmat. Chrzest w Duchu Świętym a głoszenie słowa Bożego
Authors: Płusa Sławomir
Published: October 2019

Soborowa i posoborowa odnowa Kościoła ukazała, że w jego sercu wielkie znaczenie mają liczne dary charyzmatyczne. Wydarzenie pentekostalne w Duquesne (USA) w 1967 roku i związane z nim powstanie Katolickiej Odnowy Charyzmatycznej, zdynamizowało ruchy ewangelizacyjne w Kościele zakorzenione w doświadczeniu chrztu w Duchu Świętym. Ma ono do dziś wpływ na rozwój i recepcję posługi słowa Bożego w Kościele. Chrzest w Duchu Świętym mocno formuje profil duchowy kaznodziei, a co za tym idzie oddziałuje na jego duchowość. Duch Święty udziela też licznych charyzmatów słowa, np. proroctwa i nauczania, udziela kaznodziei nadprzyrodzonej mocy głoszenia, co ma niebagatelne znaczenie dla całokształtu przepowiadania słowa Bożego. Na pierwsze miejsce wysuwa się głoszenie kerygmatu i osobiste świadectwo kaznodziei.
Ewangelizacja na stadionie: ogień Ducha czy żar emocji? – analiza homiletyczna wypowiedzi ks. Johna Bashobory
Authors: Wiśniewski Sebastian
Published: October 2019

Wielotysięczne tłumy słuchające Ewangelii na stadionie prowokują do postawienia pytania o naturę tego zjawiska. Analiza kazań ks. Johna Bashobory z jednej strony budzi spore wątpliwości teologiczne w kwestiach dotyczących istotnych zagadnień, takich jak: grzech, choroba, wolna wola człowieka, z drugiej zaś – odsłania pewne walory retoryczne, nie pozwala jednak na udzielenie ostatecznej odpowiedzi na postawione w tytule pytanie. Problem pozostaje otwarty.
140 Years of the Leçons sur l’histologie du système nerveux: the pioneering description of the nodes of Ranvier
Authors: HERNANDEZ FUSTES Otto Jesus , KAY Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , LORENZONI Paulo José , DUCCI Renata Dal-Pra , BARBARA Jean-Gaël , WERNECK Lineu Cesar , SCOLA Rosana Herminia
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT This paper reviews aspects of the life and work of Professor Louis Ranvier 140 years after the publication of Leçons sur l’histologie du système nerveux, published in 1878, and shows the importance of the histological description of myelinated fibers of the nodes of Ranvier.
Endovascular closure of patent foramen ovale: a critical appraisal of published trials
Authors: ANDRÉ Charles
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The treatment of cryptogenic stroke patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is controversial. A critical review of these studies is presented. Methods A description of all trials comparing medical and endovascular treatment with closing devices is given. Additional pertinent studies are discussed to help construct a rational basis for treatment decisions. Results Initial negative trials evaluating PFO closure were followed by positive studies published in 2017 and 2018. All trials evaluated young patients (up to 60 years). Methodological problems are present in all trials including their open label construction. Most positive trials developed strategies to increase the percentage of patients with interatrial septal aneurysms or hypermobility and large right-to-left shunts. Even in these positive trials, large numbers of patients need to be treated to avoid one stroke. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 2-6% and other adverse effects related to the procedure and to the devices occurred in a substantial number of patients. Incomplete occlusion of the PFO is also frequent. Anticoagulant treatment has not been adequately studied as a therapeutic option. Conclusion Young patients with cryptogenic strokes seem to benefit from endovascular closure of a PFO in the presence of a large right-to-left shunt or an associated atrial septum aneurysm. For most other patients, a highly-individualized decision must be made, taking into account the low risk of recurrence in patients with a cryptogenic stroke attributable to a PFO, the high numbers needed to treat and the risks related to the procedure.
Nutritional intervention may improve migraine severity: a pilot study
Authors: COSTA Aline Bárbara Pereira , RODRIGUES Ana Maria dos Santos , MARTINS Laís Bhering , SANTOS Luana Caroline dos , GOMEZ Rodrigo S. , TEIXEIRA Antonio Lucio , FERREIRA Adaliene Versiani Matos
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Although some studies have investigated the role of nutritional intervention on migraine, they had focused on triggers or on weight change and, to the best of our knowledge, none studied diet quality. Objective To investigate whether nutritional intervention focused on improving diet quality and healthy weight can promote improvement in clinical parameters of women with migraine. Methods Non-controlled and non-randomized intervention study conducted for 90 days. Women received an individualized diet meal plan and nutritional orientation according to their nutritional diagnosis. Anthropometric, clinical and nutritional data were measured once a month. Diet energy content and macronutrients were evaluated using 24-hour dietary recall. Diet quality was assessed through the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index–Revised (BHEI-R). The Migraine Disability Assessment and Headache Impact Test version 6 were used to assess the severity of migraine, and the Beck Depression Inventory evaluated depressive symptoms. Results Fifty-two women aged 44.0 ± 13.0 years were enrolled. Anthropometric characteristics, energy, macronutrients and fiber intake did not change after intervention. However, the BHEI-R scores improved after 60 and 90 days of intervention. Concurrent to this, the Beck Depression Inventory scores and Headache Impact Test scores decreased after 60 and 90 days, respectively. The change in the BHEI-R score was negatively correlated with the migraine severity as assessed by the Headache Impact Test at the end of the intervention. Conclusions We concluded that the management of diet quality may be a good strategy for improving migraine severity, regardless of the nutritional status and weight change.
Périplos norte-atlânticos da sociologia contemporânea: a sociologia pragmática
Authors: Michetti Miqueli
Published: October 2019

Resumo O texto introduz o livro La sociologie pragmatique (A sociologia pragmática), em que Cyril Lemieux delineia a ascendência e a filiação dessa nova corrente disciplinar e explicita os princípios, conceitos e métodos que a caracterizam. Além disso, o sociólogo francês discorre sobre os principais “campos de pesquisa” nela trabalhados e toma parte nos debates centrais que a têm atravessado, interna e externamente, nas últimas décadas. Ao fazer essa apresentação, a resenha busca ancorar a obra e a vertente preconizada em seu contexto de emergência e publicização, atentando às disputas posicionais que as enformam.
Aníbal Quijano em seu labirinto: metamorfoses teóricas e utopias políticas
Authors: Rubbo Deni Alfaro
Published: October 2019

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é discutir alguns desdobramentos presentes na trajetória intelectual e política de Aníbal Quijano (1930-2018). Procura-se reconstruir especialmente o contexto de “crise dos paradigmas” das ciências sociais e de declínio da esquerda marxista, que se manifestaram de modo acentuado na década de 1980, examinando como o sociólogo peruano encontrou soluções para a encruzilhada histórica que se anunciava a uma geração de cientistas sociais engajados na América Latina. Parte-se da hipótese de que a cristalização de um ciclo de derrotas políticas possibilitou um novo redirecionamento teórico para Quijano entender a história latino-americana em sua moldura política e epistêmica. Por fim, analisa-se o movimento de aproximação e distanciamento que o autor faz com a tradição marxista a partir da perspectiva adotada da “colonialidade do poder”.
Efeito de diferentes soluções irrigadoras na microdureza superficial Knoop de dentes artificiais
Authors: BAINY Paola Tentardini , LUISI Simone Bonato , MONTAGNER Francisco , MELO Tiago André Fontoura de
Published: October 2019

Resumo Introdução Dentes artificiais têm sido empregados para a prática de ensino pré-clínico. Porém, não se sabe o comportamento dos mesmos frente aos diferentes procedimentos realizados durante um tratamento endodôntico simulado. Objetivo Avaliar a microdureza de réplicas de dentes humanos, frente a diferentes soluções irrigadoras. Material e método Quarenta e cinco incisivos centrais superiores artificiais de três marcas comerciais nacionais (dentes “A”, “B” e “C”) e 15 incisivos humanos foram utilizados. As amostras foram seccionadas a 5 mm do ápice dentário. Os fragmentos radiculares foram fixados em resina para posterior teste de microdureza. Os ensaios da microdureza Knoop foram realizados em dois momentos: momento 1 - microdureza inicial; momento 2 - microdureza final, que foi feita após o uso das soluções irrigadoras (Cloreto de Sódio a 0,9%, Hipoclorito de Sódio a 2,5% e Gluconato de Clorexidina a 2%). As endentações deixadas na superfície da amostra foram mensuradas. O valor obtido para microdureza de cada amostra foi feita com base na média de três endentações. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados os testes ANOVA e Teste t pareado, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultado Os dentes artificiais “A” e “C” apresentaram valores inferiores de microdureza quando comparados ao dente humano (P = 0,05). Não houve diferença estatística entre os dentes artificiais “B” e o dente humano (P = 0,2428). Quanto ao uso das diferentes soluções irrigadoras, também não houve diferença na microdureza das peças dentárias. Conclusão Embora a solução irrigadora não tenha influenciado a microdureza, os dentes artificiais apresentaram valores de dureza inferiores aos do dente humano.
Deglutição e envelhecimento: enfoque nas manobras facilitadoras e posturais utilizadas na reabilitação do paciente disfágico
Authors: Steenhagen Claudia Helena Vigné Alvarez de , Motta Luciana Branco da
Published: October 2019

Resumo O propósito deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre as manobras utilizadas na reabilitação das disfagias. O aumento da população idosa acarreta maior prevalência de doenças neurológicas que cursam com quadro de disfagia, o que reforça a necessidade de estudos sobre o tema. Esse fato vem despertando atenção de profissionais que atuam na reabilitação, em especial a fonoaudiologia. Dentro da reabilitação encontramos manobras facilitadoras e posturais que podem proporcionar maior segurança alimentar. Baseados na literatura, observamos que as manobras facilitadoras supraglótica, supersupraglótica e de esforço ajudam na proteção da via aérea através da técnica do controle da apnéia confortável, tendo como propósito a segurança alimentar do paciente disfágico. As manobras posturais de cabeça para baixo, cabeça para trás, rotação de cabeça para o lado comprometido e cabeça inclinada para o lado bom mostraram ter como propósito o fechamento do vestíbulo laríngeo, reduzir a distância hio-laríngea e a drenagem gravitacional do alimento em direção à faringe. Assim sendo, o estudo da dinâmica da deglutição através do método videofluoroscópico e o conhecimento, por parte dos profissionais, das diferentes manobras e suas complicações clínicas, mostraram ser importantes para a reabilitação do paciente idoso disfágico.
Oficinas terapêuticas para cuidadores de idosos com demência – atuação da enfermagem no programa interdisciplinar de geriatria e gerontologia da UFF*
Authors: Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Lindolpho Miriam da Costa , Santana Rosimere , Ferreira Paula Ângelo , Santos Isabela Saiter , Alfradique Priscilla , Bastos Renata Cristina da Silva
Published: October 2019

Resumo A demência provoca dependência e sofrimento para os idosos, cuidadores e familiares. Pensando nas necessidades desses cuidadores foi desenvolvido no “EPIGG/UFF” um grupo de suporte e orientação aos cuidadores de idosos com demência, que, através de oficinas, busca retirar dúvidas e informar sobre o cuidado. Assim, objetiva-se descrever algumas oficinas realizadas com os cuidadores. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de 7 oficinas terapêuticas, e para campo de pesquisa utilizaram-se as dependências do Programa Interdisciplinar de Geriatria e Gerontologia da UFF, em Niterói, RJ. Entre as oficinas realizadas serão descritas: higiene corporal; cuidados com a pele; medicações; dependência; segurança do ambiente; despertar sobre o lazer e self – figuras projetadas. Nas reuniões as vivências são abordadas, e percebe-se que quanto maior a convivência dos cuidadores entre si e com os profissionais, maior é o conhecimento, o interesse pelo assunto e a estabilidade do grupo. Há relatos como “aqui me sinto bem” ou “esse grupo me ajuda muito”. Conclui-se que os cuidadores precisam amenizar suas dúvidas e ter um tempo só para si, portanto, as oficinas terapêuticas surgem como um mecanismo de apoio, orientações e informações, além de proporcionar qualidade de vida e troca de experiências entre os sujeitos e a equipe.
Qualidade de vida e estratégias de enfrentamento em idosos com incontinência fecal: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Barbosa Juliana Magalhães Machado , Dias Rosângela Corrêa , Pereira Leani Souza Máximo
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão foi apreciar criticamente a literatura sobre a avaliação da qualidade de vida (QV) e das estratégias de enfrentamento em idosos com incontinência fecal (IF), tendo como referencial o envelhecimento populacional brasileiro e o aumento da incidência de doenças crônicas que comprometem o bem-estar dos idosos. Foi realizada pesquisa nas principais bases de dados e a qualidade metodológica das publicações foi avaliada. A perda involuntária de fezes gera conseqüências físicas, sociais, emocionais e econômicas, sendo mais prevalente em idosos e mulheres. Recentemente, a avaliação de medidas centradas no paciente, incluindo a QV e as estratégias de enfrentamento foram apontadas como fundamentais. A qualidade de vida de idosos com IF pode ser avaliada através de instrumentos genéricos, como o WHOQOL e de instrumentos específicos, como o FIQL e o GIQLI. Alguns estudos têm indicado variáveis que podem se associar a um maior ou menor comprometimento da QV, mas ainda há escassez de trabalhos com idosos incontinentes. Embora já existam instrumentos de avaliação genérica das estratégias de enfrentamento disponíveis para uso no Brasil, nesta revisão, não foram encontradas pesquisas sobre a forma de enfrentamento da IF na população em geral ou entre os idosos. Esta revisão confirma a necessidade de mais estudos sobre como a IF afeta os idosos e como os mesmos lidam com essa disfunção.
Aspectos genéticos do envelhecimento e doenças associadas: uma complexa rede de interações entre genes e ambiente
Authors: Gottlieb Maria Gabriela Valle , Carvalho Denise , Schneider Rodolfo Herberto , Cruz Ivana Beatrice Manica da
Published: October 2019

Resumo O envelhecimento é um processo dinâmico, no qual ocorrem modificações do nível molecular ao morfo-fisiológico, logo após a maturidade, que induzem ao declínio orgânico, aumentando a susceptibilidade e vulnerabilidade a doenças e à morte. A genética do envelhecimento dedica-se ao estudo da contribuição hereditária da espécie e sua interação com o ambiente, que incidem no aumento de modificações biológicas ao longo do tempo. Fez-se uma revisão sobre estudos realizados na área e que sugerem que o envelhecimento está sob um controle genético-ambiental. Exceto em síndromes, a contribuição genética, tanto para o tempo de vida quanto algumas doenças crônicas (Alzheimer, doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes mellitus tipo 2), é relativamente baixa. Este fato demonstra que fatores ambientais, como estilo de vida e dieta, desempenham papel fundamental no fenótipo do envelhecimento. Ou seja, a genética não é uma rota determinística, e cada vez mais pode ser “manipulada” em benefício da saúde. Além disso, o conhecimento da genética do envelhecimento e doenças associadas proporciona, cada vez mais, a elaboração de instrumentos clínicos para o benefício das pessoas idosas.
Perceptions of the elderly on aging and violence in intrafamily relationships
Authors: Colussi Eliane Lucia , Kuyawa Amanda , Marchi Ana Carolina Bertoletti De , Pichler Nadir Antonio
Published: October 2019

Abstract Objective: To identify the different perceptions of the aging process and violence in intrafamilial relations of elderly participants of a social and coexistence group. Method: An exploratory and descriptive qualitative study was performed through the application of a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, with seven elderly people participating in the Coexistence and Strengthening of Bonds social group. The results of the discourses were assessed through thematic content analysis. Results: The extraction into thematic units allowed the elaboration of two intertwined categories: self-perception of the process of intrafamily aging and violence in the eyes of the elderly. Conclusion: The elderly reported that the family is responsible for providing care, appreciation and understanding, and that the aging process brings new possibilities for coexistence, but it is also accompanied by weaknesses and limitations. They also indicated subtle practices of psychological, financial, and abandonment violence, making them impotent, ashamed, and fearful to adopt effective initiatives to restore cordial, ethical, and harmonious family relationships.
Literatura de cordel e migração nordestina: tradição e deslocamento
Authors: Santos Luciany Aparecida Alves
Published: October 2019

Resumo Vista como a origem, ou seja, o arcaico, a literatura de cordel foi quase sempre analisada a partir do viés do resgate, da retomada das raízes primitivas da literatura brasileira. A proposta deste trabalho é investigar como, em meio aos deslocamentos culturais, se produz ou se discute a literatura de cordel, e também analisar como essas migrações influenciaram a escrita poética dos autores envolvidos nesses deslocamentos e suas consequências nas discussões teóricas sobre a literatura de cordel. Por deslocamento cultural compreende-se o movimento migratório de nordestinos em direção ao Sudeste do país e as relações culturais que acompanham esse processo.
Uso del TEVI-R para describir el vocabulario pasivo en niños de la etnia Mapuche
Authors: Ugarte Lisette Fuentes , Mondaca Carolina , Ortiz Camila , Quiroz Jorge , Vásquez Krisly , Morales Camilo
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir el nivel de vocabulario pasivo en niños y niñas pertenecientes a la etnia mapuche, utilizando el Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes versión Revisada (TEVI-R). Método Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal. Participaron 26 niños, de ambos géneros cuyas edades fluctuaron entre 4 y 7 años de edad. Se midió el desempeño de vocabulario pasivo mediante la aplicación del TEVI-R, analizando las variables edad y género, además de realizar un análisis de los ítems con mayor cantidad de errores. Resultados El rendimiento de estos niños no se ve influenciado ni por género, ni por edad. Existen potenciales fuentes de error en los ítems de los instrumentos relacionados a la pertinencia cultural, geográfica y a la calidad gráfica de los mismos. Conclusión No se observó asociación por género ni diferencias por edad en la población estudiada. Se discute la posibilidad de elaborar nuevos instrumentos o revisar los disponibles, dadas las características de su lengua materna, con la finalidad de recabar resultados fiables y respetar los elementos que forman parte de los marcadores propios de su cultura.
Aplicação da Escala RDLS para caracterização do perfil da linguagem oral de crianças usuárias de implante coclear
Authors: Pedrett Mariana dos Santos , Costa Maria Beatriz Pedrett
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e caracterizar a linguagem oral de um grupo de crianças, participantes de um programa de reabilitação auditiva, usuárias de implante coclear (IC) há, no mínimo, cinco anos, com base nas habilidades de linguagem receptiva e expressiva, mensuradas por meio da Escala de Compreensão Verbal da RDLS. Método Estudo prospectivo transversal, no qual foram avaliadas seis crianças, com idade entre 8 e 11 anos, surdez profunda sensorioneural bilateral, cuja média de tempo de uso de IC foi de, no mínimo, cinco anos. Utilizou-se como instrumento a Escala RDLS, uma versão brasileira da escala americana conhecida como Reynell Developmental Language Scales (RDLS). É composto das Escalas de Compreensão e de Expressão, além das Subescalas Estrutura, Vocabulário e Conteúdo. Resultados As habilidades de nomeação apresentaram-se evidentemente melhores em comparação às habilidades que envolveram funções pragmáticas de linguagem, demonstradas nas Subescalas de Conteúdo e Estrutura, como a descrição de uma figura com elaboração de sentenças mais longas ou a organização sintática comparada à identificação de objetos, palavras e figuras. Conclusão Não houve discrepâncias significativas entre a Escala de Compreensão em relação à Escala de Expressão Verbal, no entanto nota-se que, em estruturas mais complexas, como reconhecimento de frases, os desempenhos foram mais baixos do que no reconhecimento de palavras. Tais resultados implicam possíveis implementações de programas educacionais e de reabilitação para crianças com IC.
Rethinking resting eggs decapsulating
Authors: Silva Marina Isabela Bessa da , Oliveira Déborah Maria de , Brandão Luciana Pena Mello , Barbosa Francisco Antônio Rodrigues , Maia-Barbosa Paulina Maria
Published: October 2019

Abstract Aim Temperature and light have been recognized as important factors for ephippia hatching in temperate and tropical freshwater systems. Oddly some authors suggested that decapsulation of resting eggs would be a pro when it comes to ex situ hatching studies, exposing those eggs to a greater amount of light. This study aimed to compare the difference in the hatching rate between resting eggs decapsulated and intact ephippia of Daphnia laevis, a zooplankton that occurs at lakes, in tropical freshwaters (Cladocera). Methods The ephippia used in this work were collected at the sediment of a reservoir, in Belo Horizonte city (Minas Gerais, Brazil). We set up the laboratory experiment with two distinct groups: intact ephippia and decapsulated resting eggs. For that, we manually decapsulated 120 ephippia and kept 120 others intact (six replicas with 20 ephippia each), then incubated them all with culture water at 22ºC (12h photoperiod) for 30 days with daily monitoring. Results The results showed that decapsulation influenced negatively the hatching success, as the intact ephippia had a hatching rate of 22%, while those decapsulated only had 6%. In addition, Daphnia hatchlings were observed for intact ephippia group up to the twenty-seventh day, while for the decapsulated the last hatching occurred on the tenth day. Decapsulated eggs are subject to high exposure to light and it may jeopardize the embryo development. Conclusions In this context, we suggest that removing the protective capsule from the eggs needs to be done with caution, since in some species this can damage the resting eggs, which alters the viability and compromise the accuracy of the hatching rates studies.
Non-linearity of creep coefficient
Authors: Karim Md Rajibul , Lo Sik-Cheung Robert
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the non-linear void ratio–log(time) relationship during creep (secondary compression) under a range of loading history. Four long-duration creep tests on reconstituted clay soils from two different sites were performed. Data from tests reported in the literature (six long-duration creep tests on reconstituted marine deposits and three long-duration creep tests on undisturbed soil samples) were also used in this investigation. A creep coefficient function that depends on both the stress state and extent of creep is proposed. According to the function, the creep rate slows down with its progression.
Thermal effects on failure characteristics of granite with pre-existing fissures
Authors: Zhao Fei , Sun Qiang , Yang Duoxing , Zhang Weiqiang
Published: October 2019

In order to study the effects of pre-existing fissures on the failure characteristics of granite after high-temperature treatment, granite samples containing three different sets of fissures were heated at different temperatures (100–800°C), and then a uniaxial compression test was carried out. The major findings are as follows. (a) Temperature and pre-existing fissures have a great influence on the strength of granite. When the temperature is low, the compressive strength exhibits an approximately linear upward relation with increasing α in the range from 30 to 60°. However, with increasing temperature, the effect of pre-existing fissures on the strength of granite decreases, and this trend of growth gradually diminishes. In addition, the thickness of granite samples (from 16 to 29 mm) has little effect on the strength of granite in this study. (b) The failure of granite is transformed from brittle to plastic deformation with elevated treatment temperature. In addition, according to failure patterns of granite, there are four crack failure modes under uniaxial pressure. Failure modes I and II occur below 600°C, and failure modes III and IV mainly occur above 600°C.
Tiny house/single-family house construction using ferrocement wall panels
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Azhar , Saleem Muhammad Mazhar , Irfan-ul-Hassan Muhammad
Published: October 2019

The tiny house concept originated in the USA in the 1990s and gained momentum during the economic recession. The idea is to ‘live-small’ to save natural resources: be sustainable, environmentally friendly and energy efficient. Young professionals and new couples prefer to live-small to meet the economic challenges arising at the early stage of their careers. Therefore, research is needed to devise low-cost construction techniques and develop cheap materials in order to make inexpensive housing available to common people. The main objective of this study was to perform proof testing of full-scale ferrocement wall panels for use in a tiny house or a typical single-family house. Eighteen ferrocement panels reinforced with galvanised iron mesh were tested in compression and flexure. The results of testing demonstrate that ferrocement panels are capable of withstanding the expected wind and gravity loading. Their high ductility and energy absorption make them favourable for areas prone to seismic activity. Evaluation of man hours shows that a ferrocement panel house can be ready for living in less than one/fifth of the time as compared to its brick counterpart.
20th Sсientific Historical and Economic Conference in Memory of V. N. Sherstoboev
Authors: Bykova Nina
Published: October 2019

This paper analyzes reports of the participants of the scientific conference dedicated to the memory of V. N. Sherstoboev - the first Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor of the Irkutsk Financial and Economic Institute.