bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terms of the managed entry agreement and particularities of the procedure for concluding such agreements
Authors: Zosymenko O.M.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of managed access agreements and some peculiarities of the procedure for their conclusion. The author analyses the current legislation on the terms and conditions that must be included in a managed entry agreement and the main stages of the managed entry agreement procedure.The article’s author focuses on the fact that in the context of the global trend of increasing prices for medicines, particularly for innovative medicines, the use of managed entry agreements in the practice of states is reaching a new level. Achieving a balance between healthcare expenditures and access to new medicines in the face of rising budgetary costs is a challenge for many national governments, indicating this issue’s global nature.The use of this type of agreement helps to curb healthcare costs, save budgetary funds and provide the population with access to treatment with innovative medicines.Budgetary savings are achieved by, among other things, setting the price in the contract. The procedure for determining the price and other terms of the managed entry agreement is the result of agreements between the parties to the agreement, starting from the stage of forming a negotiation team, preparing for negotiations on the conclusion of the managed entry agreement, holding consultations, negotiations, determining the type and terms of such an agreement, etc.The author establishes that pre-contractual work, the procedure for concluding this type of agreement, and the terms of the managed entry agreement itself have their own peculiarities.In this article, the author classifies the terms and conditions of a managed entry agreement: 1) general terms and conditions that are common to most agreements; 2) special terms and conditions that are special due to their use in managed access agreements; 3) terms and conditions used in certain agreements, in particular, supply agreements, agreements for the supply of medicines, etc.
Normative and legal regulation of the scope of collective agreements and contracts
Authors: Tupikov I.V.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the development of legislation in the field of collective agreement regulation, focuses on the problems of reforming the current legislation that regulates the conclusion of collective agreements and agreements, and draws relevant conclusions. It is noted that the collective agreement regulation, which provides for the direct participation of the subjects of labor relations in establishing working conditions through the conclusion of social partnership acts, is gaining special relevance today. And that is why it is urgent to reform the current legislation in the field of concluding collective agreements, since this agreement is an important component of the legal technique of creation in the legal science of Ukraine. It was concluded that despite the significant number of normative legal acts, there remains a sufficient number of undefined and problematic issues that serve as an obstacle to the establishment of effective collective and contractual labor regulation. One of these problems was the uncertainty of the legal content of the concepts of “collective contract” and “collective agreement” in the current labor legislation of Ukraine, although this issue has been repeatedly covered in scientific literature. And if the current Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine contains a chapter dedicated to the collective agreement, then there are no regulations regarding collective agreements at all, which is one of the significant shortcomings. It was established that with the adoption of the new version of the Law “On Collective Agreements and Contracts” dated February 23, 2023, such categories were defined as “branch agreement of limited effect”; “collective agreement (general, sectoral (inter-sectoral), limited sectoral, territorial, territorial in a separate industry)”; “collective agreement” “employee”; “employer”, and a number of issues regarding which there were legislative gaps were settled at the legislative level. The activation of collective bargaining in the conditions of martial law is noted, which is an indispensable tool for regulating social and labor relations, which provides an opportunity to mitigate negative social consequences for employees. Because since the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine, devastating blows have also been inflicted on the development of the existing system of collective and contractual work.
Legal status of the Security Service of the Police of Norway as a subject of ensuring national security
Authors: Shopina I.M.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article is to characterize the functions of the Norwegian Police Security Service and to outline the differences between Norwegian and Ukrainian experience in the researched field.Peculiarities of the structure of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security of the Kingdom of Norway are considered and the differences in the appointment to the positions of its management are investigated. Differences are traced between political positions and administrative staff of the department.The article clarifies that the Norwegian Police Security Service is an active national security entity that carries out both analytical and security, law enforcement and anti-terrorist activities in accordance with its powers defined by the Norwegian Police Act, the Norwegian Police Security Service Manual and other legal acts.Arguments are given that increasing the effectiveness of the National Police of Ukraine under the conditions of full-scale Russian armed aggression is based on the analysis of the experience of those states that have experience and achievements in the field of countering manifestations of terrorism, as well as political and military expansion. The difference between the Norwegian and national systems can be traced in two main directions. Firstly, it is a high level of transparency of the Norwegian Police Security Service, which spends a lot of effort on informing the public about the results of its work, which can be useful for citizens, businesses, institutions and organizations of all forms of ownership to plan their activities and ensure personal safety and business security. Secondly, it is a high level of consolidation of the efforts of various units that are part of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security’s management to perform joint tasks in the field of counter-terrorism, intelligence activities of other states and ensuring the safety of public servants during the performance of their professional duties.
International legal mechanism for the protection of the environmental rights of indigenous peoples
Authors: Voyevodin I.
Published: September 2023

The article explores the peculiarities of the international legal mechanism for the protection of the environmental rights of indigenous peoples at the international level. Attention is focused on the special vulnerability of indigenous peoples and communities to environmental degradation and climate change due to their close connection with the environment, land and natural resources. A number of universal international legal acts that directly relate to the protection of the environmental rights of indigenous peoples are analyzed, such as the ILO Convention No. 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations of 1957, the ILO Convention No. 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of 1989, the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of 2007, etc. The activities of such bodies and special procedures of the UN as the Human Rights Committee, the International Law Commission, the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, the Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment, the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples regarding the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples in the environmental sphere are highlighted.Attention is paid to regional systems of protection of environmental rights of indigenous peoples. The provisions of a number of relevant regional international legal acts were analyzed: the American Convention on Human Rights of 1969, the Resolution of the Organization of American States “On Special Protection for Indigenous Populations. Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination” of 1972, the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of 2016, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Resolution No. 3/21 “Climate Emergency: Scope of Inter-American human rights obligations” of 2021, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights of 1981, the Resolution “On the Rights of Indigenous Peoples’ Communities in Africa” of 2000, the Resolution of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 2400 “Combating inequalities in the right to a safe, healthy and clean environment” of 2021, etc. The features of the institutional mechanism are characterized and the relevant precedent practice of the African and Inter-American human rights protection systems regarding the safeguarding of violated environmental rights of indigenous peoples is highlighted. In accordance with the problems specified, appropriate conclusions and recommendations were made.
Peculiarities of work organization of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine under martial law
Authors: Zozulia O.I.
Published: September 2023

During the full-scale phase of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the efficiency of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is a determining factor in ensuring national security, the efficiency of the entire power vertical, and in maintaining the governance of the state as a whole. The article analyzes the legal bases of the work organization of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine under martial law, defines its essence and features, and substantiates the priority directions for improving the legal regulation of the parliament functioning during the full-scale phase of the Russian-Ukrainian war. It has been established that the work organization of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as the highest representative and single legislative body, must take into account all the risks and threats caused by the full-scale phase of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Today, the adaptation of the work organization of the parliament under martial law is insufficiently systematic and situational, characterized by the deepening of deviations in parliamentary practice and by-law regulation from the rules and procedures legally established by the Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. It is substantiated that solving problems and challenges in the activities of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and its bodies under martial law should be based on a balance between the effectiveness and safety of the work of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine vs its openness and compliance with existing parliamentary procedures. This primarily requires enshrining in the Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the principles of the work organization of the parliament under martial law, guarantees of its safety and continuity, as well as the features of a more accelerated procedure for consideration and adoption of laws under martial law. It was emphasized that Ukraine faces the task not only of directly repelling a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, but also of protecting the foundations of its constitutional system, in particular, the values of national parliamentarism, which should not be neglected by measures established due to martial law.
THE USE OF CODE MIXING BETWEEN INDONESIA AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON RUANG SANDI PODCAST
Authors: Meda Elisabeth Ernesta , Nasa Rikardus
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the research was to find out the forms of code mixing and the dominant forms of code mixing used by podcaster and guest star on Ruang Sandi podcast. The researcher took the data from six videos on Ruang Sandi podcast, from June 2020 until January 2021, especially the woman guest stars aged 20 to 30 years. This research was descriptive qualitative. The researcher used documentation method in collecting the data and then the data were classified using Suwito’s theory and presented in table form. Based on the result of the study, the researcher found that there were 705 code mixing consisting of 290 insertion of word, 216 insertion of phrase, 75 insertion of hybrid, 18 insertion of reduplication, 11 insertion of idiom, and 95 insertion of clause. The dominant forms was insertion of word with the percentage 41,13%.
comedores como dispositivo de política alimentaria durante la pandemia
Authors: Capello Lucia Soledad , Bonet Ana María
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo aborda el funcionamiento de los comedores escolares como dispositivo de política pública alimentaria en función del derecho humano a la alimentación adecuada durante la pandemia Covid-19, a partir del caso de tres comedores de San Carlos (Provincia de Santa Fe). Se propone como hipótesis que aún durante la profundización de la crisis alimentaria que implicó la pandemia, los comedores escolares continuaron operando como un mecanismo que sólo alcanzaba a garantizar un primer nivel del derecho humano a la alimentación (entendido como derecho a no sufrir hambre) por su funcionamiento bajo un enfoque focalizado y un abordaje de emergencia. La realización efectiva del derecho a la alimentación en su alcance integral como alimentación adecuada requeriría de una revisión del enfoque cortoplacista de la emergencia en función de otros mecanismos sistémicos que considerendesde la primera instancia una articulación de la heterogeneidad de aspectos nutricionales, culturales, sociales y ambientales que involucra el fenómeno alimentario. En primer lugar, se presenta brevemente el encuadre normativo de los comedores escolares como elemento de las políticas públicas alimentarias en Argentina. Luego, se procura realizar una descripción del funcionamiento de tres comedores situados en localidades vecinas del departamento “Las Colonias”, Provincia de Santa Fe, estos son, los comedores  escolares de las escuelas “Lina Beck Bernard” N°2040 (San Carlos Centro); “Bernardino Rivadavia” N°357 (San Carlos Norte) y  "Mariano Moreno” N° 326 (San Jerónimo del Sauce). Por último, se analiza reflexivamente el potencial de los comedores escolares como dispositivo para avanzar hacia la realización efectiva del derecho humano a la alimentación adecuada.
Música y seguridad
Authors: Cingolani Josefina
Published: September 2023

El 30 de diciembre de 2004 en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, República Argentina, ocurrió una de las tragedias no naturales más grandes de la historia. Esa noche a raíz de lo sucedido en el boliche República Cromañón fallecieron 194 personas. Este no fue el primer hecho de este tipo en el mundo del rock, sino que desde los años ochenta se pueden listar eventos trágicos. Sin embargo, por su magnitud, Cromañón fue un punto de inflexión que operó como bisagra en la historia argentina, inaugurando un período de mayores controles sobre la seguridad de los lugares al tiempo que instalando el tema en los medios de comunicación. Asimismo, la inseguridad ocupa en las últimas décadas un lugar primordial en la agenda pública nacional. Paradojalmente al crecimiento de la demanda en materia de seguridad ciudadana, no hemos identificado ni en la agenda de seguridad ni en la literatura científica producciones sobre esta cuestión para el ámbito local. En esta clave, este artículo propone presentar una propuesta analítica desde donde abordar la relación entre la música y la seguridad, específicamente indagando los variados sentidos, prácticas y formas que la seguridad tiene en la organización y realización de espectáculos de rock en vivo, siendo sensible a las dimensiones normativa, económica, práctica y expresiva que se entrelazan en la búsqueda de seguridad. En primer lugar, presentaremos un recorrido por algunos antecedentes, luego daremos lugar a las líneas de indagación que conforman la propuesta analítica a la vez que iremos dialogando con los  antecedentes disponibles. Por último,  presentaremos un apartado metodológico que contribuye a pensar el modo en que puede  llevarse adelante la propuesta.
Phthalates in the environment: Their toxicology and associated risk to humans
Authors: Wowkonowicz Paweł
Published: September 2023

This review describes the presence of phthalate diesters (PAEs) in various products and elements of the environment, their toxicology, and possible risk is presented as reported in the scientific literature. PAEs have been detected in a variety of environmental elements, including air, soils, sediments, and landfill leachate, as well as in ground, surface, and drinking water, which makes them a common environmental contaminant. The most common and detectable phthalate in all elements of the environment is di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). When added up, the amounts of human exposure to all sources of phthalates can be significant and pose an equally significant health risk to humans and other living organisms. Several PAEs, including DEHP, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-isobutylphthalate (DIBP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) are classified as toxic to reproduction and have endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite the introduction of strict regulations and restrictions on PAEs worldwide, long-term monitoring of human exposure is needed to reduce the potential risk to humans and other living organisms.
Transformation of the Energy Sector and Consequences for the Energy Mix: A Case Study of Japan
Authors: Mitroczuk Igor J.
Published: September 2023

Japan is regarded as an interesting source for drawing useful lessons that could help in drafting the process for transforming the Polish energy mix. The reason is very simple: the two countries have relatively similar starting points. A large proportion of the Japanese energy mix is still based on fossil fuels. We can already observe a slow but evident drift away from fossil fuels (from some 85% in 2013 to less than 75% in 2019). Another reason why Japan is relevant to the Polish conditions is the recent decision of the new government in Japan to return to nuclear energy after the Fukushima disaster. Other interesting solutions in the Japanese way forward include the wide use of hydrogen and ammonia; that could be interesting for Poland, because it is a major producer of hydrogen: the fifth in the world and the third in Europe. Grey hydrogen is currently produced, but that could easily be transformed into green hydrogen produced using distributed solar installations. It also seems that nobody in Poland is seriously working on the use of ammonia in the energy sector. Those reasons alone would be enough to choose Japan as the country for the analysis presented below, therefore the literature review is limited to the Japanese sphere. A short historical view of the energy-mix configuration is followed by an enumeration of the important aspects to consider for Polish conditions: energy security and energy efficiency, followed by an analysis of important sources of energy: nuclear, renewable energy sources (RES), hydrogen, and ammonia as well as thermal power development.
The Role of Digital Leadership Mediated by Digital Skill in Improving Organizational Performance
Authors: Tulungen Evans E.W. , Tewal Bernhard , Pandowo Merinda
Published: September 2023

Objective - The main objective is to examine the role of digital leadership mediated by digital skill in improving organizational performance in line with digital transformation efforts within the General Election Commission of North Sulawesi.Design/methodology - The sample used in this study amounted to 78 people who are elements of the commissioner and secretariat of the General Election Commission of North Sulawesi Province. Testing the relationship between variables and hypotheses was carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique.Results - Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that Digital Leadership has a significant effect on Organization Performance and Digital Skills. Meanwhile, Digital Skill has a positive effect on Organizational Performance but does not have a significant effect. The indirect relationship between Digital Leadership and Organizational Performance through Digital Skills does not have a significant effect.Research limitations/implications - This study concludes that the role of digital leadership has a major influence on improving organizational performance in the era of digital transformation. The era of technology 4.0 requires leaders to develop their digital skills in utilizing technology to face the development of information technology in organizations.Novelty/Originality - The originality of this research lies in the object of research where previous studies have only analyzed the digital transformation process in the private sector but the public sector namely the government has not been carried out.
ATIVIDADE LARVICIDA CONTRA AEDES AEGYPTI E TOXICIDADE PRELIMINAR CONTRA ARTEMIA SALINA L. DE EXTRATOS E FRAÇÕES DE MONTEVERDIA EVONYMOIDES (REISSEK) BIRAL
Authors: Dos Anjos Cíntia Aparecida , Sartor Elisiane de Bona , Fladzinski Karine Amorim , Betim Fernando Cesar Martins , De Oliveira Camila Freitas , Dalarmi Luciane , Montrucchio Deise Prehs , Miguel Obdulio Gomes , Dias Josiane de Fátima Gaspari , Miguel Marilis Dallarmi
Published: September 2023

Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) é o principal vetor das arboviroses dengue, zika, chikungunya e febre amarela. A busca por inseticidas naturais para combater o mosquito ganha destaque nos países de clima tropical. Considerando a atividade larvicida presente no gênero Monteverdia o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o potencial larvicida dos extratos e frações da espécie Monteverdia evonymoides (Reissek) Biral. O material vegetal (folhas e galhos) foi seco a temperatura ambiente, foi moído e submetido a extração em Soxhlet modificado. A toxicidade foi avaliada por meio do bioensaio com Artemia salina L. As larvas de Aedes aegypti foram expostas nas concentrações 10, 100, 500 e 1000 µg.mL⁻¹. Após 24H foi realizada a leitura da mortalidade (CL₅₀) e submetido método estatístico Probit. As amostras não apresentaram toxicidade frente a Artemia salina L. (>1000 μg.mL⁻¹) e apresentaram potencial larvida no controle de larvas de terceiro estádio, com CL₅₀ >200 µg.mL⁻¹.  Os extratos de M. Evonymoides são seguros e apresentaram potencial larvicida contra larvas do mosquito.
Сoncept of POLITENESS in comparison of Russian and German language cultures
Authors: Skacheva Nina
Published: September 2023

Axiological linguistics is a branch of linguistics that studies ways of expressing the speaker's assessment of the object of utterance, options for classifying assessments, as well as determining general cultural and nationally marked values through language analysis. Evaluation, according to the definition of N.D. Arutyunova, is a special cognitive act, as a result of which the attitude of the subject to the object being evaluated is established in order to determine its significance in the life and activity of the subject. Evaluation activity can be determined not only by philosophical attitudes, but also by the commonality of subjective and objective factors – moral norms, social practice, value orientations, level of education. Therefore, within the framework of the definition of the axiological aspect, the speaker, with the help of language and certain linguistic elements, can transmit, in addition to the information message as such, also his own evaluative connotation in relation to the object of the utterance. Concepts, as linguistic signs of the reflection of the picture of the world in the mind of the subject, fix the meanings inherent in this culture. The study of the semantic potential of the corresponding concepts leads us to the study of value-significant concepts and cultural dominants in the language. The purpose of this article is to study politeness as a significant concept of Russian and German language cultures. Now the phenomenon of polite is being rethought in both cultures.
perfeccionismo agonístico como necessário contraponto ao liberalismo político de Rawls:
Authors: Barbosa Wesley de Jesus
Published: September 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo mostrar como a crítica de Rawls ao perfeccionismo de Nietzsche é um perigo à democracia, ou seja, de como o princípio da razoabilidade numa sociedade de livres e iguais almeja uma estabilidade política como um progresso, um avanço em direção a uma meta pacificadora. No artigo apresentaremos o problema proposto por Rawls, em seguida analisaremos as considerações de Nietzsche em Schopenhauer como Educador e suas posições acerca dos gênios e santos. Um ponto à frente discutiremos as proposições do tipo Homero e a forma de amor à vida dos Gregos Antigos. Estes três tópicos iniciais ajudam a introduzir, assim como avaliar as vicissitudes das assertivas de Rawls no sentido de tomarmos uma posição quanto às garantias de uma estabilidade tão magnânima para as atuais democracias liberais. De se, o percurso e os alicerces desta grande sociedade liberal, são valores aos quais valeria a pena continuarmos apostando como sustentáculos de uma sociedade democraticamente mais madura e justa.
analí­tica heideggeriana sobre a fundação da essência matemática do pensar moderno na metafí­sica cartesiana
Authors: Teixeira Lisandra Caroline de Araújo Lima
Published: September 2023

Procura-se tracejar a fundamentação do pensamento e da metafísica moderna através da obra e da filosofia de René Descartes, partindo da análise da crítica heideggeriana centrada no pensamento moderno do ‘eu’, do subjectum, que é posto como fundamento absoluto para todo pensar representativo moderno. O homem enquanto sujeito torna-se medida, um ‘centro de referências’ para as coisas, para o que é re-presentado. O ente é, então, objetificado, posto em sua dispobibilidade para o sujeito. O mundo, como o que o subjectum se opõe, tornou-se sua medida e extensão, ele é res extensa. A crítica traçada por Heidegger tem por base a determinação do projeto matemático do pensar moderno. O elemento matemático do pensar é definido pelo próprio subjectum que antecipadamente calcula e assegura o real em seu re-presentar (Vor-stellen). A verdade se torna, portanto, na efetivação desse elemento matemático sobre o real, certeza da representação. O sujeito é substância primeira do pensar moderno, pois é o que há de mais certo, o que é indubitável. O mundo, res extensa, como extensão do cogito, é forçado a apresentar-se diante dele em sua objetidade através de um cálculo-axiomático prévio sobre ele, determinando o caráter de intervenção ilimitada sobre o real.
interpretação da ética de Epicuro a partir da noção de Par'hemâs
Authors: Barbosa Renato dos Santos
Published: September 2023

O par'hemâs de Epicuro indica um conjunto de potencialidades humanas que servem de evidência para o entendimento da relação entre homens e natureza. A partir da compreensão de par’hemâs, analisa-se como a ética, a physiología e as disputas com os teóricos do destino (heimarméne) se articulam na compreensão de que o homem é livre e, por isso mesmo, responsável por suas ações. Por fim, à luz do passo 133 da Carta a Meneceu, aborda-se como as noções de bem, sabedoria prática, autarquia, liberdade e deliberação se relacionam com a noção de par’hemâs.
No enxame:
Authors: Moura Ana Monique
Published: September 2023

RESENHA DE HAN, BYUNG-CHUL. NO ENXAME: PERSPECTIVAS DO DIGITAL. TRADUÇÃO DE LUCAS MACHADO. PETRÓPOLIS: VOZES, 2018.
choosing and avoiding:
Authors: Silva Markus Figueira da
Published: September 2023

The pursuit of understanding the phýsis (physiology) is a never-ending philosophical activity that leads to a praxis (pragmateía) which manifests itself in every choice (haíresin) and in every rejection (phygèn) made by man as he acts in agreement to the knowledge he has of the nature of things.  To choose and to reject is only possible for those who place the principle of action in themselves (autarkeía).  Thus, Epicurus ethics is grounded on the understanding of the phýsis, which means, in this context, to rid oneself of ignorance and unwarranted (irrational) fears; misbeliefs and opinions accepted and disseminated by the multitude of the senseless. It is posited here that the relation between physiologia and ethics assures coherence to Epicurus’ philosophical praxis.  The present paper’s objective is to make explicit the meaning the term autarkeía acquires in Epicurus’ thought in the context of Letter of Epicurus to Menoeceus, Principal Doctrines, and Vatican Sayings.  Freedom (eleutheria) shows itself thru the ongoing exercise of choosing what is desired and rejecting what is harmful; that is, freedom is only possible thru a conduct based on self-sufficiency. Knowledge realizes itself thru action; the same is true for ignorance.
External Fixator vs. Locking Compression Plate in “Supracutaneous” Mode for Open Distal Tibial Fractures: A Comparison on Economics, Union, Functional Outcome and Complications
Authors: Kaur Rubinder , Sharma Abhishek , Thakur Sanjay Kumar , Sehgal Manik
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Historically, in the pre-antiseptic era, there was a great fear of open tibial factors because of high incidence of infection eventually leading to amputation and in many cases septicemia and death. Despite improvements in surgical techniques in the last century, the optimum treatment for open type IIIa and Type II tibial farcture remains controversial. Literature available on use of Ex-fix as a definitive and permanent modality is very sparse and is not encouraging. In order to maintain biology of the fracture and to expedite the healing process many institutions and surgeons are using Locking compression plate as an external fixator which is fondly called as supracutaneous plating (SCP).

Material and Methods

The patients who had Gustilo and Anderson type II and IIIa # of distal Tibia were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into 2 groups. In one group (Ex-Fix) external fixator was applied in and in another group SCP was done. Four general indicators, including direct cost of hospitalization, first surgery time, time to full weight bearing, and time to complete union were compared between the groups. The functional outcome of the ankle was assessed. Presence of infection, Time to union was noted in both cases.

Results

Mean time to fracture union was statistically less in SCP group 5.84 months as compared to 7.21 months in Ex–fix group. Also, 12 patients in Ex-fix group had to undergo a reoperation as compare to only 1 in SCP group. This led to higher cost of expenditure and higher duration of stay in Ex-fix group. AOFAS Score, Teeny and Wiss were better in SCP group as compared to Ex-fix group.

Conclusion

Highlighting the role Of LCP in Supracutaneous mode as a definitive and final surgery , thus reducing the financial and psychological implication of reoperations in open grade and tibial fractures which are seen in patients managed with Ex-fix in definitive mode or as an interval for secondary nailing, we recommend the use of routine use of SCP in such tibial fractures after thorough debridement and diligent handling of soft tissue.
Assessment of Clinical Profile in Patients Suffering from Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthropathy
Authors: Limaye Saurabh , More Shraddha , Nadkar Milind , Mulkalwar Alhad , Jaju Sujay , Haider Hunaid
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Axial Spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory, immune-mediated condition comprising clinically dif- ferentiated ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA). Clinically, as the name suggests, nr-axSpA lacks definitive plain X-ray evidence of structural damage to the sacroiliac (SI) joint. This study was undertaken to assess the patients with newly diagnosed nr-axSpA clinically and compare the same with those with radiographic AS. The laboratory profile of patients suffering from nr-axSpA and their outcomes over three months were also studied.

Material and Method

This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine over 18 months in a tertiary health care institution, being a prospective observational type done with 43 subjects.

Results

We observed a major improvement as per ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS) criteria present among 53.49% of subjects, followed by clinically significant improvement among 27.91% of subjects. 18.60% of subjects did not show any improvement. 9.3 % of subjects showed radiological progression. Out of 8 cases that did not show improvement, all presented with lower back pain (LBP) and morning stiffness. 62.5% had peripheral arthritis. 87.5% had Schober’s test positive, flexion, abduction and external rotation (FABER) test (62.50%), and SI joint tenderness was found among 7.5% of subjects. A total of 4 (9.3%) patients showed radiological progression. They all have low back aches and morning stiffness, and three have peripheral arthritis at presentation. We found that patients who showed progression had higher mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-Reactive protein (CRP) levels (45 and 36.5, respectively) values and very high disease activity as per ASDAS and bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) criteria.

Conclusion

There is a great scope and need for research to differentiate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in the normal population against the patients with spinal diseases to be able to use MRI with precision in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthropathy (nr-axSpA). As assessed, physiotherapy and Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are currently first-line therapy for patients suffering from nr-axSpA.
The case of treatment for carotid web – Double-layer micromesh stent implantation in our hospital
Authors: Kamatani Kaisei , Yoshida Shinichiro , Tashiro Noriaki , Hashiguchi Yoshiya , Takigawa Kousuke , Yasaka Masahiro , Aikawa Hiroshi , Go Yoshinori , Kazekawa Kiyoshi
Published: September 2023

Background:

A carotid web is a shelf-like structure on the posterior wall of the origin of the internal carotid artery, and it is believed to cause cerebral infarction due to thrombus formed by turbulent flow with stagnation of blood flow. Recently, it has been suggested that recurrent cerebral infarction cannot be prevented in patients with a symptomatic carotid web by conventional medical management alone. However, there is still no consensus on the treatment of carotid webs. Carotid artery stenting (CAS) with the CASPER stent (Microvention, Terumo, Tustin, CA, USA) was performed in six consecutive patients with symptomatic carotid webs, and the results are reported along with a review of the literature.

Methods:

Six consecutive patients with a diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis due to a carotid web on magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were included in this study. All patients underwent dual antiplatelet therapy approximately 10 days before surgery and after 6 months, and then, a CASPER stent was implanted under general anesthesia. All patients were evaluated postoperatively by DSA 6 months after treatment.

Results:

In all patients, no in-stent stenosis was seen 6 months after the operation, and no symptomatic cerebral infarction occurred within 1 year after the procedure.

Conclusions:

CASPER stent implantation may be effective for treating carotid webs.
BIOFILM FORMATION DURING BACTERIAL-CHEMICAL OXIDATION PROCESSES OF COBALT-COPPER-NICKEL ORES
Authors: Очеретяна С.О. , Пурлац В.Э. , Вопилин Р.С.
Published: September 2023

Статья содержит важные результаты эксперимента, связанного с биовыщелачиванием сульфидной кобальт-медно-никелевой руды месторождения Шануч. Биовыщелачивание является одним из новых техник извлечения тяжелых металлов из руды, которая может иметь потенциал замены традиционных методов доизвлечения металлов. В эксперименте использовалась ассоциация ацидофильных хемолитотрофных микроорганизмов, что позволило ускорить процесс выщелачивания и повысить его эффективность. Статья включает графики, показывающие динамику изменения численности микроорганизмов в пульпе во время эксперимента. Полученные данные позволяют лучше понять процессы, происходящие в биореакторе, и оценить эффективность использования ацидофильных хемолитотрофных микроорганизмов для выщелачивания сульфидной кобальт-медно-никелевой руды. В целом, полученные данные могут иметь большой интерес для индустрии извлечения тяжёлых металлов, особенно в свете растущих требований к экологической безопасности, что может снизить количество вредных выбросов в окружающую среду, что позволит сократить воздействие на экосистемы и на здоровье человека. Эксперимент является шагом в развитии более эффективных и экологически чистых методов обработки руд.

The article contains important results of an experiment related to the bioleaching of sulfide cobalt-copper-nickel ore from the Shanuch deposit. Bioleaching is one of the emerging techniques for extracting heavy metals from ore, which may have the potential to replace traditional methods for the recovery of metals. The experiment used the association of acidophilic chemolithotrophic microorganisms, which made it possible to speed up the leaching process and increase its efficiency. The article includes graphs showing the dynamics of changes in the number of microorganisms in the pulp during the experiment. The data obtained make it possible to better understand the processes occurring in the bioreactor and evaluate the efficiency of using acidophilic chemolithotrophic microorganisms for leaching cobalt-copper-nickel sulfide ore. In general, the data obtained may be of great interest to the heavy metal recovery industry, especially in light of the growing demands for environmental safety, which can reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the environment, which will reduce the impact on ecosystems and human health. The experiment is a step in the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly methods of processing ores.
1b1 splitting in the X-ray emission spectrum of liquid water is dominated by ultrafast dissociation
Authors: Cruzeiro Vinícius Wilian D. , Hait Diptarka , Shea Jacqueline , Hohenstein Edward G. , Martinez Todd J.
Published: September 2023

The 1b1 splitting observed in the K-edge non-resonant X-ray emission spectrum (XES) of liquid water has been a subject of intense debate. Some argue that it represents two distinct structural motifs, while others suggest that it is evidence of ultrafast dissociation within the core-hole lifetime. In this study, we use a theoretical approach to provide a nearly quantitative description of both non-resonant and pre-edge resonant XES. Our theoretical predictions indicate that the 1b1 splitting arises due to ultrafast dissociation, with the dynamics of this process dependent on the X-ray absorption energy. For non-resonant radiation, hydrogen is ejected as H+, while for pre-edge resonant radiation it is ejected as a neutral atom. This leads to near-dissociation for non-resonant radiation, as ~ 20% of all core-ionized molecules do not dissociate and dissociated protons still remain in close proximity to the parent hydroxyl fragment. In contrast, for pre-edge radiation, all core-excited molecules dissociate and the neutral H atom moves further away from the hydroxyl fragment, completely leaving the first solvation shell in most cases. Our simulations also predict the observed isotope effects in both non-resonant and pre-edge resonant XES and reveal that the so-called lower-energy 1b1 peak in the non-resonant XES is primarily of 3a1 symmetry. Additionally, we found that hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in explaining the XES behavior across different temperatures and phases.
FOOD PREFERENCES OF TWO-YEAR-OLD CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO) WITH FREE CHOICE OF FOOD
Authors: Панов В.П. , Мустаев С.Б. , Сафонов А.В. , Сафонова С.С. , Золотова А.В.
Published: September 2023

В настоящей работе представлены данные о пищевом поведении двухлетков карпа при свободном выборе кормов с различной питательностью. При выращивании рыб определена большая вкусовая привлекательность высококалорийного корма. Поэтому рыбы в основном предпочитали потреблять комбикорм Карп 38/12. В процессе откорма приоритеты в отношении пищевого объекта не изменились, но в рационе увеличилась доля низкокалорийного корма К-111. Возможно, это связано с ростом рыб и появлением на их теле большего количества хеморецепторов. Проведенные исследования свидетельствуют о возможности использования автокормушек для выявления пищевой привлекательности различных видов кормов. Обладая хорошо развитой хеморецепторной системой, рыбы отдают предпочтение высокоэнергетическому корму, у которого, по-видимому, более ярко выражены вкусовые качества, привлекающие рыб. Однако, при постоянном потреблении такого корма, у рыб притупляются первоначально выраженные рецепторные свойства вкусового, а возможно, и обонятельного анализаторов. Поэтому наблюдается частичный переход рыб на потребление низкокалорийного корма.

Here we present data on the nutritional behavior of two-year-old carp with a free choice of food with different nutritional value. When growing fish, the great attraction of fish to the high-calorie food has been determined. Fish mostly preferred to consume compound feed Carp 38/12. In the process of fattening, priorities regarding the food object have not changed, but the proportion of low-calorie K-111 feed has increased. This is, perhaps, due to the growth of fish and the appearance of more chemoreceptors on their body. The conducted studies indicate the possibility of using car feeders to identify the nutritional attractiveness of various types of food. Having a welldeveloped chemoreceptor system, fish prefer high-energy food, which, apparently, has more pronounced taste qualities. However, with the constant consumption of such food, the initially pronounced receptor properties of the taste, and possibly, olfactory analyzers, are dulled. This caouses partial transition of fish to the consumption of low-calorie food.
Evaluation of alpha amylase and peroxidase in saliva of pregnant women
Authors: Jassim Al-zahraa J , Al Dhaher Zainab A , Allyan Faten M
Published: September 2023

Background: Pregnancy is a natural physiological state that involves several biochemical modifications. Saliva is consisted of many types of proteins such as salivary alpha amylase and salivary peroxidase that might be affected by pregnancy. The former enzyme is considered one of the most prevalent proteins that is released by highly differentiated epithelial acinar cells and has been shown to have enzymatic activities while the latter has been approved that it  has a significant role in oral health. The purpose of this study was to the evaluate the salivary levels of alpha-amylase and peroxidase in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Materials and Methods: Sixty pregnant women were grouped according to the pregnancy trimesters. The first group involved 20 women in the 1st trimester, 2nd group represented by 20 women in the 2nd trimester while the 3rd group involved the rest who were in the 3rd trimester. In addition to 20 married non pregnant women as a control group. Salivary samples were collected from each group to compare the salivary level of alpha-amylase and peroxidase using sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. Results: 2nd and 3rd groups illustrated high significant level of theses enzymes in comparison with the control group. However, the first group demonstrated non-significant differences in the level of tested enzymes when compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: It was concluded that the salivary alpha amylase and salivary peroxidase have higher levels in pregnant women with dramatic increase for those in the third trimester.
Effect of feeding pattern on the stage of primary dentition eruption in relation to growth parameters
Authors: Hassan Dhay HM , Al-joranii Shahbaa M , Yas Baydaa A , Razeghi Samaneh
Published: September 2023

Background: Feeding is a complicated process that involves the coordination of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), and oropharyngeal mechanisms, with support from the musculoskeletal and craniofacial systems. The practice of feeding could be correlated with eruption stage and nutritional status in infants. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relation of feeding patterns to a selected oral variable (stage of the eruption of primary teeth) and growth parameters among clinically healthy infants. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study on a sample of (300) infants aged between 6 and 18 months was performed in Karbala City, Iraq. The feeding pattern was investigated using an information sheet answered by parents. The stage of dental emergence was evaluated through intraoral examination. Growth parameters (height, weight, head circumference) were analyzed. Results: Bottle-fed infants had higher total tooth eruption incidence and nutritional status than the other feeding groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Bottle-fed infants had the highest mean of erupted primary teeth and nutritional status.
Reliability of the multipeg™ transducer in measuring dental implant stability by using a resonance frequency analysis device (Osstell®): An observational clinical study
Authors: Dhahi Alamin Y , Bede Salwan Y , Khachadourian Haig
Published: September 2023

Background: Measuring implant stability is an important issue in predicting treatment success. Dental implant stability is usually measured through resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Osstell® RFA devices can be used with transducers (Smartpeg™) that correspond to the implants used as well as with transducers designed for application with Penguin® RFA devices (Multipeg™). Aims: This study aims to assess the reliability of a MultiPeg™ transducer with an Osstell® device in measuring dental implant stability. Materials and Methods: Sixteen healthy participants who required dental implant treatment were enrolled in this study. Implant stability was measured by using an Osstell® device with two transducers, namely, Smartpeg™ and Multipeg™. Insertion torque was also measured and recorded as >50 and ≤50 N·cm. Unpaired t-test and Mann–Whitney U test were conducted to assess the relationships of the implant stability values obtained by the two transducers with insertion torque, whereas Pearson and Spearman's correlations were utilized to investigate correlations between the two transducers. Interclass correlation coefficients were applied to assess the reliability between the two transducers. Results: Implant stability measurements (primary and secondary) showed strong positive correlations between Smartpeg™ and Multipeg™. The reliability values between both transducers in primary and secondary implant stability measurements were 0.922 and 0.981, respectively. The use of both transducers revealed higher implant stability measurements for implants inserted with insertion torque > 50 N·cm than those inserted with insertion torque ≤ 50 N·cm. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the Multipeg™ transducer is reliable in measuring the stability of dental implants using an Osstell® device.