bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЯ В СИСТЕМІ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО ПРАВА УКРАЇНИ: МІЖ ПРИНЦИПОМ ТА ЦІННІСТЮ
Authors: МАНДРИЧЕНКО Жанна
Published: December 2024

У статті досліджено децентралізацію як цінність адміністративного права України, що має ключове значення для демократизації управлінських процесів, формування ефективного публічного управління та забезпечення прав громадян. Аналізуючи наукову літературу та нормативно-правові акти, автор виявляє термінологічну неоднозначність і відсутність єдиної методології аналізу децентралізації. Особливу увагу приділено дослідженню архітектоніки децентралізації як принципу публічного управління, яка включає аксіологічну, правову, інституційну, функціональну, територіальну та ресурсну основи. Розглядається тенденція «централізації» адміністративної аксіології, яка звужує інтерпретацію децентралізації до принципу, що регулює організаційно-правові відносини в системі публічного управління, та ігнорує її ширший ціннісний вимір. У статті акцентовано, що децентралізація не лише визначає межі розподілу повноважень, але й виступає фундаментальною основою демократичної та правової держави, що вимагає її переосмислення як аксіологічної категорії. Проаналізовано погляди українських науковців, які часто ототожнюють децентралізацію з принципом оптимального поєднання централізації та децентралізації публічної влади, що ускладнює розробку єдиного теоретичного підґрунтя. На основі європейського досвіду, зокрема стандартів Ради Європи, обґрунтовано потребу розширення досліджень децентралізації у контексті її аксіологічного значення. Автор пропонує розглядати децентралізацію як ключову цінність, яка втілюється через загальнодержавний і місцевий рівні управління. Важливими завданнями є систематизація правового регулювання, створення чіткої методології аналізу та запровадження освітніх програм, які б розкривали значення децентралізації для розвитку демократії. Стаття також підкреслює зв'язок децентралізації з європейською інтеграцією України, що відкриває перспективи для модернізації державного управління. Отже, стаття надає практичні рекомендації для науковців, законодавців і практиків щодо подальшого розвитку децентралізації як цінності та її ролі у реформуванні публічного управління.
The The Preferences for Daily Travel Mode Selection During the Era of The Covid-19 Pandemic in Urban and Suburban Areas within Indonesia
Authors: Setiadi Amos , Yoshida Tomohiko , Wardhani Mustika , Rahayu Emi
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant shift from the use of public transportation to private vehicles. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the challenges of the daily commute mode preferences, during this period, as a crucial aspect of future urban planning management in the face of the New Normal era. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire comprising questions on the respondent's age, gender, private vehicle ownership, daily commute distance, time, preference, and the reasons for this preference. Subsequently, the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis with the binomial logistic regression method using the SPSS V26.0 program. The results showed an increase in the community’s tendency to select public transportation as a daily commute mode during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this required an increase in comfort and security against the possibility of virus infection. Besides the impact on traffic problems in the city and suburban centres, the increasing use of private vehicles is also less environmentally friendly. Hence, there is an urgent need to improve the public transportation mode during the pandemic.
Training on the Utilization of Mail Merge for Efficient Creation of RT Cover Letters in the Pasar Lama Urban Village Environment
Authors: Maulani Jauhari , Ridho Ihda Innar , Mahalisa Galih , Amin Muhammad , Firdaus Muhammad Iqbal , Syafarina Gita Ayu , Hijriana Nadiya
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research paper aims to explore the use of mail merge to improve administrative correspondence for the Heads of RT (Neighborhood Associations) and their staff in the Pasar Lama sub-district of Banjarmasin. It identifies challenges with current handwritten methods, such as inefficiency and disorganization, highlighting the importance of this study for enhancing community administrative services.Method: The study employs a qualitative approach through training sessions developed by the PKM team from Uniska. Data collection includes pre- and post-training assessments and participant feedback, focusing on the impact of mail merge on the efficiency and accuracy of letter creation.Practical Applications: The findings suggest that implementing mail merge can significantly reduce the time spent on correspondence, ensure consistent formatting, and improve record-keeping. These enhancements can serve as a model for other regions looking to modernize administrative processes and increase efficiency.Conclusion: In conclusion, this research demonstrates the benefits of mail merge for administrative correspondence, leading to greater efficiency and organization. The results underscore the necessity of modernizing communication methods to address current challenges in local governance.
Increasing Sales of Pandan Mat Artisans in Kadumaneuh Village Through Business Assistance Based on Internship Activities
Authors: Huda Nurul , Gani Ariel Nian , Rofi'i Muhammad , Haryanti Sri Chusri , Tulusmiyanti Novia , Dimitra Dwina Reflie
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This project aims to increase the sales of pandan mat artisans in Kadumaneuh Village by addressing marketing challenges and introducing innovative business concepts.Method: The approach included outreach, mentoring, and creating a promotional website. Artisans were trained in business concepts and product innovation, followed by mentoring to apply these ideas, and a website was developed for broader market reach.Practical Applications: The website serves as a promotional tool to expand sales, while the training equips artisans with better business knowledge, helping them adapt and compete more effectively.Conclusion: The project improved artisans' understanding of business concepts, though no significant change was noted in comparative analysis. The mentoring and website development are expected to bring long-term benefits to the artisans' businesses.
Improving Planning and Financial Management Literacy for Housewives
Authors: Aziza Elisa Nur , Insani Hanifah , Amelia Dhea Arifah , Ammani Ferry Miftah , Astungkara Agni
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to enhance financial literacy among families in Duwet Village, Indonesia, focusing on effective financial planning and management. The issue investigated is the low awareness and practice of financial management, which is crucial for maintaining economic stability.Method: The study employed a community service approach, involving socialization sessions targeted at mothers in the Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) group. Data were collected through participant engagement and feedback, enabling a comprehensive understanding of their financial literacy needs.Practical Applications: The findings have significant implications for improving family financial management practices, promoting economic stability, and enhancing the overall quality of life for families in the community. Increased literacy can lead to better budgeting, savings, and investment decisions.Conclusion: The study demonstrated a notable increase in financial literacy among the mothers of PKK in Duwet Village, emphasizing the importance of community-based education in empowering families for effective financial management.
Socialization of Effective Marketing Strategies to Increase Sales of MSME Products at Khadijah Orphanage, South Jakarta
Authors: Fatimah  , Nataly Febryansyah , Purnamasari Yuli , Zebua Dedy , El Hida Ramdania , Setyadji Veronika , Asfahani Shulhuly , Mustopa  , Wiratama Adi , Yulistyarani Tri
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to address the marketing challenges faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) at the Khadijah Orphanage, South Jakarta, focusing on improving product appeal, pricing, and promotion to boost sales and income for the orphanage.Method: The research is based on a socialization event held on February 25, 2023, by Universitas Indonesia Maju’s Faculty of Communication Science. Data were gathered through observations and discussions with 25 participants, including orphanage staff and residents.Practical Applications: The findings suggest that SMEs at the orphanage can improve sales by enhancing product appeal, adopting competitive pricing, and expanding promotional efforts through agents, rather than relying solely on direct sales to consumers.Conclusion: Effective marketing strategies, including better product presentation, pricing, and broader promotion channels, can increase the competitiveness of SMEs at the orphanage, contributing to their financial sustainability.
Assistance for Micro Entrepreneurs to Obtain Halal Certification from SEHATI 2022
Authors: Hidayati Irma
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research examines the challenges faced by MSMEs in Indonesia when obtaining halal certification through the SEHATI 2022 program. It focuses on obstacles like the complexity of procedures and lack of awareness about the program and SIHALAL system, impacting micro-businesses' ability to secure halal certification.Method: The study uses qualitative methods, including interviews with halal facilitators and MSMEs, and document analysis related to the SEHATI 2022 program. Thematic analysis was applied to identify challenges in understanding and using the SIHALAL system.Practical Applications: The findings highlight ways to simplify the halal certification process for MSMEs, emphasizing the need to increase awareness and improve the role of halal facilitators. This can help more businesses benefit from SEHATI 2022 and enhance market opportunities for halal-certified products.Conclusion: While SEHATI 2022 offers financial support, complex procedures and low awareness hinder MSMEs. Strengthening facilitation and simplifying the SIHALAL system are crucial for improving halal certification access for micro-entrepreneurs.
Expanding the Market for MSMEs Keripik Tempe in Denpasar City through Digital Marketing Strategies with an Empowerment-Based PAR Approach
Authors: Wardani Kadek Devi Kalfika Anggria , Artnat Diwan Sanjaya , Gorda Anak Agung Ngurah Eddy Supriyadinata
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This Community Service activity aims to expand the marketing scope of the MSME keripik tempe "Crackels" by providing materials on the importance of utilizing digital marketing and Instagram as a platform for business product promotion.
Method: The activity was conducted using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, involving several stages such as planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Practical Applications: The practical application of this activity included the direct implementation of digital marketing strategies by MSME actors, such as creating and managing Instagram accounts for product marketing. The MSME participants learned how to create engaging content and follow trends to increase the appeal of their products, resulting in a significant increase in followers and sales. Additionally, they utilized other applications like WhatsApp to support promotions, making marketing efforts more effective and efficient.
Conclusion: This community program successfully increased the number of followers and sales for the MSME keripik tempe "Crackels" beyond the Renon area. For sustainability, additional activities such as creative content training, advanced digital marketing strategies, and regular evaluations are needed to help MSMEs effectively utilize digital technology and marketing strategies.
Making Street Name Boards to Make It Easier for The Public to Find Address in Bukit Batu Village, Mantangai District, Kapuas District
Authors: Yannur Khairi , Julianti Silvia Tri , Nisa Jahratun , Aprianti Siti , Prasetyo Pinki , Bagdadi Muhammad , Putri Chantika Nova Scayh , Hafifah Rabiatul , Putri Anisa Maharani , Latifah Nor
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to address the lack of street nameplates in Bukit Batu Village, Mantangai District, Kapuas Regency, which causes difficulty in locating addresses. KKN students from Palangkaraya State Islamic Institute took the initiative to design and install street signs to solve this issue.Method: The study involved community interaction and field observations. It included surveying areas without nameplates, designing appropriate signs, and installing them in the village.Practical Applications: Installing street signs improves navigation for residents and visitors. This project can serve as a model for similar villages facing the same issue.Conclusion: The research successfully provided a practical solution to the lack of street nameplates, enhancing accessibility in Bukit Batu Village.
Implementation of Integrated Farming with the Nuance of Good Agriculture Practice Based on the AgroMap Info Web Towards Achieving SDGs 2030 in Balesari Village
Authors: Premastin Olivia Listyaning , Hidayah I'anatul , Aradea Bagus , Herawati Rani , Ardianto Muhammad Irvan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The aim of community service is to empower the community and educate the community regarding organic farming through making liquid organic fertilizer, integrated farming through an aquaponic system, and applying the AgroMap Info website for agricultural sustainability.Method: The program was conducted offline using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method, involving the community as active participants. Activities were held in various hamlets to ensure full engagement and practical learning.Practical Applications: The program provided practical knowledge on organic farming and aquaponics, promoting better agricultural practices. The AgroMap Info website helped farmers access critical agricultural data, enhancing sustainability.Conclusion: Provide a concise summary of the primary findings derived from the study. Emphasize the importance of the results and their contribution to a broader comprehension of the topic or resolution of the research issue outlined in the introductory section.
Counseling Methods for Handling Sexual Harassment Cases: Analysis Of Steps In Supporting Victims At DPPPA Palembang
Authors: Hurriyati Dwi , Rachmadi Muhammad Nazrey , Diana Diana
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors analyzing the effectiveness of procedures for handling sexual harassment cases, evaluating the supporting and inhibiting factors in the process of handling sexual harassment cases because the victim feels embarrassed and afraid to be shunned because of the sexual harassment that befalls the victim, then afraid of the opposite sex because the victim feels traumatized by what he has experienced, feels afraid to speak because the victim has been threatened by the perpetrator who committed the harassment.
Method: The method used is counseling, which is the process of providing assistance carried out by an expert to individuals experiencing a problem with three stages, namely building confidence, providing assistance that leads to solving the problems faced by clients. action stage.
Practical Applications: The outcomes of this community service benefit victims of sexual violence and communities with similar experiences. By improving counseling skills, this activity (community service) contributes to community development efforts especially for victims of sexual abuse.
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of appropriate counseling interventions in helping victims like RNA overcome trauma and restore their psychological health, paving the way for further research in this area.
Socialization of Arduino-Based Organic Waste Destruction Tool for Kitchen Waste Utilization in Karang Besuki
Authors: Dura Justita , Islamiyah Mufidatul , Wahyuni Tri , Cahyaningtyas Fadilla
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The community service aims to socialize the early process of organic waste into organic fertilizer for local plants in Karang Besuki residents, Malang city, Indonesia. This addresses the community's lack of knowledge about kitchen waste utilization, limited access to waste management technology, and the need to understand the environmental benefits of proper waste management.
Method: The team conducted socialization and demonstration using a simple automatic counting tool, involving residents of Karang Besuki village, students, and the proposing team.
Practical Applications: This initiative simplifies organic waste processing for residents, allowing the waste to be used as fertilizer, thus promoting a healthier community environment.
Conclusion: The community service activities made it easier for residents to process organic waste into fertilizer, enhancing waste management practices and environmental awareness in Karang Besuki village, Malang city, Indonesia.
¿Es la “abstención” de comer comida disponible un ejemplo de conducta autocontrolada en palomas?
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, González Juan C. , Ávila Raúl ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juárez Andrea ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Miranda Patricia ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: December 2024

Se expuso a tres palomas privadas de comida a sesiones experimentales de 50 ciclos de 64 s cada uno (ci-clos T) dentro de los que siempre se presentó un dispensador de comida durante 3 s (ER1). El dispensador se podía presentar nuevamente (ER2) cuando terminaba el ciclo si el sujeto se abstenía de aproximarse al ER1, de lo contrario, este se retiraba y se cancelaba la entrega del ER2. En cinco fases experimentales se presentó el ER1 3, 32, 16, 8, y 3 s antes del final del ciclo T. Además, conforme a un diseño ABA, un cambio de color en una tecla de respuesta señaló (A1 y A2) o no (B) las presentaciones del ER1 sirviendo como un operando distractor. Se encontró que el número de ER2 obtenidos disminuyó conforme el ER1 se presentó más cerca del inicio del ciclo T. Así mismo, se observó que únicamente durante las condiciones A de la primera fase experimental, el número de ER1 interrumpidos fue relativamente bajo y el número de picotazos a la tecla fue comparativamente mayor. Estos hallazgos reprodujeron y extendieron los resultados de otras investigacio-nes en las cuales se estudió la conducta autocontrolada de comer.
Factores Contextuales en el recuerdo: Aportaciones experimentales y teóricas
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona, Roca Josep , Serra Noemí ,   Universitat de Barcelona
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se presentan datos y consideraciones teóricas sobre el tema del efecto de los factores con-textuales en el recuerdo. Los datos se caracterizan por obtenerse con un diseño Longitudinal de Medidas Repetidas, por realizarse en ambientes cotidianos, por utilizar un lapso de tiempo de una semana entre la fase de aprendizaje y la fase de recuerdo y por introducir una tarea perceptivo-motriz, junto a las pruebas de retención cognoscitiva habituales en la investigación sobre aquellos factores. Los resultados señalan la ausencia de efectos del entorno ambiental sobre el recuerdo y se contrastan con otros datos experimentales, donde sí se han observado efectos. En una aportación más teórica, se exponen las ventajas de un modelo teórico de campo de cara a la definición de factores explicativos de las variaciones en el recuerdo y en cualquier otra medida de rendimiento psicológico.
Análise aplicada do comportamento e capacitação de pais: Revisão dos de artigos publicados pelo Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Zazula Robson , Haydu Verônica Bender ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: December 2024

Por meio de revisão bibliográfica foi feito um levantamento para quantificar os dados dos métodos e para identificar e descrever os procedimentos/estratégias empregados nos programas de capacitação de pais que se basearam em princípios básicos da Análise do Comportamento dos estudos publicados no periódico Jour-nal of Applied Behavior Analysis entre 1968 e 2009. A busca foi feita por meio da base de dados PsycINFO. Foram consultados 36 estudos, descritos em 31 artigos. Para a quantificação dos dados do método foram considerados os dados dos participantes, o tipo de delineamento experimental, o local em que a intervenção foi realizada e outras características dos procedimentos. Os procedimento/estratégias empregados foram agrupados e analisados de acordo com os seguintes princípios da Análise do Comportamento: modelagem, operações estabelecedoras, controle de estímulos e governo por regras. Os resultados permitiram obser-var grande variação quanto ao método dos estudos revisados, prevalecendo intervenções individuais, com delineamento de pesquisa de sujeito único e com linha de base múltipla. Foram citados com frequência o procedimento/estratégia de modelagem de respostas e os relacionados ao governo por regras, evidenciando o importante papel desses princípios em procedimentos de capacitação.
Instâncias da relação terapêutica medidas a partirde um instrumento de categorização
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Peron Francielly , Lopes Lubi Ana Paola ,   Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná
Published: December 2024

A relaçãoterapêutica começou a ser evidenciada pela análise do comportamento quando se percebeu que propiciava - facilitava mudanças clínicas relevantes nos clientes, discutindo-se ser uma condição essencial para a adesão e sucesso do tratamento. A literatura da área apresenta que o padrão e a qualidade da re-lação terapêutica se estabelece, principalmente, nas entrevistas iniciais do tratamento. Com a justificativa de auxiliar os terapeutas em formação a se prepararem para o início da prática clínica, a presente pes-quisa buscou descrever, em termos de freqüência, quais são os comportamentos verbais vocais do cliente e do terapeuta mais comuns no início da terapia analítico-comportamental. Três sessões iniciais de duas díades terapeuta-cliente (terapeutas iniciantes) foram transcritas e categorizadas por meio das categorias verbais vocais dos terapeutas e dos clientes a partir do sistema multidimensional para a categorização de comportamentos na relação terapêutica. Observou-se que os terapeutas analisados predominantemente fa-cilitaram o relato dos clientes, e o segundo tipo de intervenção mais utilizado foi “solicitar relatos”; já os clientes predominantemente relataram eventos. Alguns aspectos parecem estar relacionados com o início do tratamento, como a ‘solicitação de relatos’ fazer parte da coleta de dados e a ausência da categoria ‘reprovação de ações ou relatos do cliente’, ser próprio de uma audiência não punitiva. Alguns aspectos parecem relacionados com a relação terapeuta – cliente, por exemplo, a categoria dos clientes em ‘rela-tar relações entre eventos’ parece aumentar de frequência quando o terapeuta aumentou a frequência da categoria ‘solicitar reflexão’. Considerando o objetivo descritivo do presente estudo, sugerem-se mais pesquisas sobre o tema para facilitar uma análise maior sobre aspectos referentes à relação terapêutica.
Estudo exploratório sobre os efeitos do fechamento de suturas cranianas na aprendizagem discriminativa em ratos
Authors: Sabino Nathalí Di Martino , Almeida Ana Beatriz Albino de , Amaral Vera Lúcia Adami Raposo do , Shiobara Alexandre , Tomanari Gerson Yukio
Published: December 2024

Intervenções no cérebro, tais como as provocadas por lesões mecânicas, podem afetar o comportamento dos organismos e sua capacidade de aprendizagem. O presente estudo analisou os efeitos do fechamento das suturas cranianas de ratos sobre a aprendizagem discriminativa. Serviram como sujeitos quatro ratos cirur-gicamente intactos e nove submetidos a diferentes procedimentos cirúrgicos para o fechamento das suturas cranianas. Os sujeitos, sob privação controlada de água, foram submetidos a quatro fases experimentais. Na primeira fase, respostas de pressão à barra foram modeladas e reforçadas continuamente por três sessões consecutivas. Na segunda fase, empregou-se esquema de intervalo fixo (FI 4 s, FI 8 s e FI 11 s). Na terceira fase, iniciou-se um esquema múltiplo com componentes de reforçamento (FI 11 s) e Extinção, na presença e ausência de luz, respectivamente. Atingido ao menos 80% das resposta nos componentes de FI, as funções dos estímulos foram revertidas (quarta fase). De modo geral, os resultados revelaram que os procedimentos cirúrgicos não produziram efeitos evidentes sobre o responder dos animais nos diferentes esquemas, tam-pouco sobre o responder sob controle discriminativo (e sua reversão). A partir da metodologia inovadora apresentada nesse trabalho, investigações futuras poderão fazer uso de medidas adicionais (por exemplo, técnicas de neuroimagem) para avaliar, com mais precisão e controle, a forma e a extensão com que os pro-cedimentos cirúrgicos afetaram (ou não) o desenvolvimento cerebral dos animais.
B.F. Skinner e a modernidade: Notas a partirde uma comparação com M. Foucault
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, Flores Eileen Pfeiffer , Batista Miguel Vieira ,   Centro Universitário de Brasília, Fagg Juliana ,   Centro Universitário de Brasília, Cavalcanti Hugo Oliveira Figueiredo ,   Centro Universitário de Brasília
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir como B.F. Skinner se posiciona perante algumas categorias epistemológicas modernas, a partir de uma comparação com o pensamento de Michel Foucault. Foram analisadas as posições de Skinner em relação a quatro pontos características do pensamento moderno, com-parando-as com as de Foucault. (1) Quanto à construção de grandes sistemas ou “teorias do todo”, aponta-se como principal divergência entre os autores o caráter sistemático do pensamento de Skinner, em oposição à postura anti-sistemática de Foucault. Argumenta-se que, no entanto, a construção de grandes sistemas teó-ricos não leva necessariamente à aceitação de afirmações universalizantes nem ao alinhamento com outros postulados modernos. Skinner e Foucault produzem críticas radicais (2) ao historicismo (embora seja apon-tada uma contradição quando Skinner postula o progresso cumulativo da razão ao longo do tempo), (3) ao Sujeito Autônomo, e (4) à postulação de categorias universais relacionadas à noção de “natureza humana”. Aponta-se o caráter complementar das críticas dos autores analisados e sugere-se a continuidade do diálogo entre as duas linhas de pensamento.
Matching de Identidade com Estímulos Compostose o Ensino de Notas Musicais
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Salvatori Amanda , dos Santos Silva Clayton ,   Universidade de São Paulo, de Almeida Belem Igor Emanuel ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Modenesi Rafael Diego ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Debert Paula ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de estabelecer relações condicionais emergentes entre os nomes escritos de notas musicais (A – “do”, “fa” e “si”), suas representações na pauta musical (B) e os sons tocados no piano (C) e flauta (C’). Cinco universitários foram submetidos a um treino de matching de identidade com estí-mulos compostos AB-AB. O teste A-B avaliou se emergiram relações condicionais entre os estímulos que compuseram os estímulos compostos no treino. No teste AC-B, o estímulo C foi introduzido. Em seguida, no teste C-A avaliou-se se novas relações condicionais entre os nomes escritos e o som das notas musicais emergiram. Por fim, um teste de generalização avaliou a extensão do controle para novos estímulos auditivos (C’- sons das notas tocados na flauta) e nomes escritos das notas musicais (Teste C’-A). Os resultados indi-caram que para quatro dos cinco participantes houve a emergência de novas relações condicionais entre os nomes escritos de notas musicais, suas representações na pauta musical e os sons tocados no piano e flauta. Portanto, o treino de matching de identidade com estímulos compostos é um procedimento efetivo para o estabelecimento de relações condicionais emergentes no caso do ensino de notas musicais.
Transferência de funções ordinais através de classesde estímulos equivalentes em surdos
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Resende Alice Almeida Chaves de , Elias Nassim Chamel ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Goyos Celso ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Published: December 2024

A aquisição da Língua Portuguesa escrita por surdos brasileiros pode ser dificultada em função das dife-renças entre as estruturas ordinais - gramaticais dessa língua e da Língua Brasileira de Sinais. Tais diferenças costumam resultar em um repertório de escrita pelos surdos com ordem gramatical diferente daquela uti-lizada pela comunidade verbal brasileira. Este estudo investigou a transferência das funções ordinais para novas sequências após o estabelecimento de quatro classes de estímulos equivalentes, seguido do ensino de uma única sequência. Os participantes foram quatro indivíduos surdos com idades entre oito e 16 anos. Os estímulos experimentais foram 32 palavras impressas, divididas em oito conjuntos de estímulos, sendo que cada conjunto foi composto por uma sequência com sujeito, verbo, preposição/artigo e complemento. O procedimento de escolha de acordo com o modelo foi utilizado para estabelecimento das classes, e uma adaptação desse procedimento foi utilizada para as tarefas de sequência. Todos os participantes formaram as quatro classes de equivalência e alcançaram o critério de aprendizagem no ensino da sequência. Os resulta-dos indicaram a transferência de funções ordinais para novas sequências e sugerem que o estabelecimento de classes de equivalência pode facilitar a expansão do comportamento de sequenciar por indivíduos surdos.
Automonitoramento e adesão a dois tipos de regras nutricionais em adultos com diabetes Tipo 2
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Gomes Daniela Lopes , Ferreira Eleonora Arnaud pereira ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Souza Caroline Maciel Cavalcante de ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: December 2024

Estudos sugerem que, dentre as orientações para o tratamento do diabetes, a dieta tem sido a de menor ade-são. Esta pesquisa objetivou comparar os efeitos do treino de automonitoramento sobre a adesão a dois tipos de regras nutricionais (Plano Alimentar [PA] e Contagem Total de Carboidratos [CTC]) em quatro adultos com diabetes Tipo 2. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas domiciliares. Após caracterização da linha de base (LB) do comportamento alimentar, dois participantes foram submetidos à Condição-Treino A (Automonitoramento com PA seguido de CTC) e dois à Condição-Treino B (Automonitoramento com CTC seguido de PA), finalizando com entrevistas de folow-up para todos, após uma semana, um mês e dois me-ses. Como medidas de adesão, foram utilizados a hemoglobina glicada e o Índice de Adesão à Dieta (IAD) na forma de porcentagem. Observou-se que, na LB, os IADs de todos os participantes estavam abaixo de 50%, aumentando após o treino de automonitoramento, independentemente da condição. A média obtida em CTC (75,50%) foi maior do que em PA (62,49%), com declínio em follow-up em ambas as condições. Observou-se redução nos valores de hemoglobina glicada em três participantes. Discute-se a importância de nutricionistas prescreverem tratamento individualizado e para além do foco na doença.
Um exame dos fundamentos para diferentes denominações das intervenções do analista do comportamento em contexto clínico
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Moskorz Luciana , Kubo Olga Mitsue ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Luca Gabriel Gomes de ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Botomé Sílvio Paulo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Published: December 2024

Quais variáveis ou fundamentos da atuação do analista do comportamento em contexto clínico determina-ram as diferentes e múltiplas denominações atribuídas a esse tipo de trabalho? Caracterizar transformações históricas da intervenção clínica dos analistas de comportamento e de seus fundamentos é condição im-portante para avaliar os procedimentos de intervenção contemporâneos do analista de comportamento no contexto clínico. Variáveis constituintes do trabalho clínico do analista de comportamento influenciaram a procura de caracterização e de “títulos” que pudessem descrever esse tipo de trabalho. Algumas delas: 1) concepções aristotélicas e galilêicas na Psicologia contemporânea, 2) implicações do “modelo médico” e do “modelo psicológico” no trabalho do psicólogo, 3) comportamentos do psicólogo nos processos profissio-nais que caracterizam sua intervenção, 4) avanço do conhecimento acerca do próprio comportamento cientí-fico, 5) objeto de estudo e de intervenção do psicólogo, 6) conceitos fundamentais da área, 7) transformação do conhecimento relevante e produzido com rigor científico em comportamentos profissionais. Avaliar a história das denominações de “Terapia Comportamental” e dos fundamentos que as orientaram constitui recurso para identificar a contribuição específica de cada uma delas e, provavelmente, possibilitará entender o que orientou e o que orientará o trabalho de analistas de comportamento em contexto clínico.
O comportamento verbal para B. F. Skinner e para S. C. Hayes: uma síntese com base na mediação social arbitrária do reforçamento
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Abreu Paulo Roberto , Hübner Maria Martha Costa ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: December 2024

A definição de comportamento verbal de Skinner não gerou consenso entre os analistas de comportamen-to quanto à sua adequação ao estudo do fenômeno da linguagem. Por isso (ela- tirei) tem gerado outras propostas explicativas. As críticas mais relevantes tiveram em Steven Hayes o seu principal proponente. Juntamente com seus colaboradores, o autor afirma que uma definição de comportamento verbal a partir da história do falante não seria funcional, pois não abordaria separadamente a história do ouvinte com relação aos estímulos verbais. Nesse sentido, para os autores, Skinner falhou em não ter explicitado os processos comportamentais envolvidos na compreensão do estímulo verbal pelo ouvinte que interage com um falante. No artigo, analisou-se a consistência dessa crítica por meio de uma revisão do papel do ouvinte nos operan-tes verbais skinnerianos. A seguir, investigou-se na concepção de Hayes e colaboradores, os processos que ocorreriam quando são estabelecidas relações arbitrárias entre estímulos, fenômeno que os autores afirmam estar na base da produção do comportamento verbal. Concluiu-se por uma possível complementação entre as análises de Hayes e Skinner com base na mediação social arbitrária do reforçamento.
Woman Language Features of Susan Wojciki, Youtube’s CEO
Authors: Mahalim Cerin
Published: December 2024

This study examines women’s language features used by Susan Wojcicki, the CEO of YouTube, in selected interview videos on YouTube. The research employs Lakoff’s (1975) theory to investigate the types and functions of women’s language in Wojcicki’s speech. The study addresses two main research questions: the types of women’s language features Wojcicki used and the functions these features serve. A descriptive-qualitative method was adopted to analyze and describe the data in the form of words and sentences. The data were taken from Wojcicki’s utterances in selected interview videos. These utterances were identified, analyzed, and explained based on Lakoff’s framework of women’s language features. The functions of these features were further examined and categorized. The findings reveal that Wojcicki used 10 types of women’s language features: lexical hedges, intensifiers, tag questions, empty adjectives, hypercorrect grammar, super polite forms, rising intonation, precise color terms, avoidance of strong swear words, and emphatic stress. Among these, lexical hedges and intensifiers were most frequently observed. Regarding the functions, the study identifies two of Lakoff’s six language functions in Wojcicki’s speech: expressive and referential. Expressive functions were dominant, with 53 utterances expressing feelings, thoughts, and opinions, while 37 utterances served referential purposes by conveying information. This study highlights the relevance of women’s language features in leadership communication, particularly in the context of digital media and technology. It also provides insights into how gendered language contributes to communication strategies.
An Exploration of Figurative Language in Taylor Swift's Midnight Rain
Authors: Fonda Cathlyne , Sitinjak Shenny Ayunuri Beata
Published: December 2024

This study examines Taylor Swift’s song Midnight Rain to explore its depiction of gender roles, societal pressures, and personal ambition through stylistic and figurative language. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyzes Swift’s use of metaphor, personification, and irony to construct a narrative contrasting traditional gender expectations with individual independence. The findings highlight Swift’s critique of societal norms surrounding family, conformity, and relational expectations. Her lyrics challenge conventional female roles by emphasizing autonomy and self-fulfillment over domestic aspirations. Through symbolic language, Midnight Rain conveys themes of regret and the emotional complexity of defying societal pressures in pursuit of personal goals. Swift employs figurative elements, such as light and darkness metaphors, to symbolize the conflicting desires between ambition and stability. For instance, “sunshine” represents warmth and consistency, while “midnight rain” reflects emotional depth and transformation. Irony further underscores societal paradoxes, where women’s ambition is often criticized, while conformity is idealized. The song critiques restrictive social environments through metaphors like “cages” and “fences,” symbolizing small-town confinement. It also deconstructs the pressure to maintain “picture-perfect” family ideals, highlighting the hidden sacrifices and tensions behind such facades. This research contributes to understanding popular music as a medium for engaging with societal issues. Swift’s lyrics offer a commentary on the tensions between personal ambition and societal norms, inviting listeners to reflect on their own experiences of balancing identity and expectations. By analyzing Midnight Rain, this study underscores the role of contemporary music in addressing themes of gender, identity, and societal pressures, revealing how artists like Swift articulate these challenges through layered figurative language and personal narrative.
Участь ДНТЦ ЯРБ у створенні бази даних щодо властивостей матеріалів корпусів реакторів АЕС у межах міжнародного проєкту ENTENTE
Authors: Banko S. , Shugailo O-i , Brik D. , Diemienkov V. , Kolupaev A.
Published: December 2024

Протягом останнього десятиріччя ДНТЦ ЯРБ активно долучається до міжнародних проєктів Євроатома, зокрема це стосується участі в розробленні бази даних у межах міжнародного проєкту «Європейська база даних для багатомасштабного моделювання радіаційного пошкодження (European Database for Multiscale Modelling of Radiation Damage)» (ENTENTE). Основною метою проєкту визначено створення європейської бази даних, яка б відповідала принципам FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability – можливість знайти, доступність, взаємодія та багаторазове використання)  і збирала експериментальні та модельні дані щодо радіаційного пошкодження сталей корпусів реакторів АЕС, яку було успішно досягнуто створенням бази даних, до якої зокрема входять відомості, зібрані в межах попередніх ініціатив EURATOM, що є важливим внеском у дослідження радіаційного пошкодження сталей корпусів реакторів.
У межах проєкту учасники працювали над створенням нових ефективних форматів даних для мікроструктурного аналізу та моделювання, а також забезпеченням сумісності цих даних через інтеграцію з платформою SOTERIA. Це дозволило використовувати наявні експериментальні дані для точнішої параметризації моделей. Значна увага приділялася передовим методам мікроструктурного аналізу, оскільки глибокий аналіз структурних та хімічних характеристик меж зерен сприяє розумінню механізмів зміцнення та окрихчення сталей.
З боку ДНТЦ ЯРБ підготовлено відомості для наповнення бази даних щодо механічних властивостей металу корпусу реактора одного з енергоблоків АЕС після відновлювального відпалу, отриманих на основі програми зразків-свідків. У цій статті зроблено акцент на безпосередніх кроках ДНТЦ ЯРБ для виконання проєктних завдань.
Effectiveness of the Rapid Eye Movement Sequential Therapy Program in Reducing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Sample of Mothers of Children with Special Needs Referred from Psychological Clinics in Kha
Authors: Bakhita Muhammad Zain Ali Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of the Rapid Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) program in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (among a sample of mothers of children with special needs referred from psychiatric clinics in Khartoum). The study sample consisted of (14) mothers, who were intentionally selected from those attending psychiatric clinics in Khartoum, and suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder as a result of post-traumatic stress disorder after being informed that their children have special needs. Their ages ranged between (35-40) years. Participation in the treatment program was approved based on the psychiatrists' orientations for them to attend the program to complete treatment after stopping medication. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was used and applied to the study sample before and after the program, as well as during follow-up. To achieve the study objectives, the EMDR program was applied to reduce post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. It was prepared by the researcher and lasted for two months from January 1st (2023) until the end of February of the same year. The researcher applied the study tools before and after the program. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study reached the following results: The first hypothesis indicated statistically significant differences at the significance level (α=0.05) in obsessive thoughts among the study sample between the pre-test and post-test due to the EMDR program. The training program showed an effectiveness of (74.7%) in reducing their obsessive thoughts. The result of the second hypothesis also indicated statistically significant differences at the significance level (α=0.05) in compulsive acts among the sample between the pre-test and post-test, attributed to the EMDR program. The training program showed an effectiveness of (74.9%) in reducing the compulsive acts associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among the sample. The follow-up results indicated no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α=0.05) in obsessive thoughts among the sample between the post-test and follow-up test. There were also no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α=0.05) in compulsive acts among the sample between the post-test and follow-up test, indicating the effect and continued effectiveness of the training program during the follow-up stage. In light of these results, the study recommended conducting further studies on the effectiveness of the EMDR program in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with a sample of males or other age groups to reduce their obsessive-compulsive acts.
Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun mangrove Rhizophora stylosa dari Pulau Maspari Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Muhtadi Muhtadi , Ulqodry Tengku Zia , Rozirwan Rozirwan , Sarno Sarno , Aryawati Riris
Published: December 2024

Pulau Maspari merupakan pulau kecil terluar di pesisir Sumatera Selatan yang menjadi habitat unik bagi vegetasi mangrove Rhizophora stylosa. Daun R. stylosa berpotensi sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif potensial bagi bidang kesehatan dan farmakologi. Komposisi senyawa bioaktif pada daun dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi ekologi dan letak geografis pulau kecil ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas dan komposisi senyawa bioaktif yang bersifat toksik pada ekstrak daun mangrove R. stylosa dari Pulau Maspari di Pesisir Sumatera Selatan. Sebanyak 1 kg sampel daun R. stylosa diambil dari Pulau Maspari kemudian di cuci hingga bersih untuk menghilangkan kotoran yang menempel, dipotong kecil-kecil, dan dikeringkan dibawah sinar matahari menggunakan metode sinar matahari tidak langsung yang ditutup dengan kain hitam. Sampel daun yang sudah kering kemudian dihaluskan hingga menjadi bubuk, dan sebanyak 100 gram bubuk halus dimaserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dalam rasio perbandingan 1:10 (b/v). Proses maserasi dilakukan selama 1 x 24 jam, kemudian larutan maserasi disaring dan diuapkan menggunakan rotary evaporator pada suhu 60°C hingga menjadi ekstrak pekat. Uji toksisitas dilakukan menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), sedangkan identifikasi senyawa bioaktif yang bersifat toksik dilakukan melalui uji fitokimia, uji total fenol, dan analisis GC-MS. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai LC50 ekstrak daun R. stylosa sebesar 393 mg/mL (toksik sedang). Kandungan total fenol sebesar 442,82 (gGA/g), dan senyawa bioaktif yang teridentifikasi meliputi senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, serta asam seperti Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, dan trans-13-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester.
Pengaruh Metode Filtrasi Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Fisik Air Muara Sungsang, Banyuasin
Authors: Meiyerani Jeni , Melki Melki , Widjajanti Hary , Rozirwan Rozirwan , Aryawati Riris
Published: December 2024

ualitas air berupa kekeruhan, warna, bau, rasa, dan residu tersuspensi merupakan isu signifikan di Sungsang Banyuasin. Filter memanfaatkan metode penyaringan untuk menghilangkan partikel padat dan kontaminan. Lokasi penelitian terdiri dari Marga Sungsang, Sungsang II, dan Sungsang III. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas air berupa warna, rasa, bau, kekeruhan, residu tersuspensi, dan salinitas, serta kemampuan filter dalam mengatasi kualitas air. Filtrasi terdiri dari sedimentasi, membran filter, serta media filter yang terdiri dari zeolite, silika, antrasit, ferrolite, karbon aktif, dan bioring. Pengukuran kualitas air menggunakan organoleptik untuk mengetahui bau dan rasa, handrefraktometer untuk mengukur salinitas, direct reading untuk mengukur residu tersuspensi, serta spektrofotometri mengukur warna dan kekeruhan. Air sungsang tidak berbau dan tidak berasa, serta nilai residu tersuspensi rentang nilai 17–19 mg/L dibawah baku mutu 50 mg/L. Nilai warna dan kekeruhan besar dari 50 pada skala masing-masing dan nilai salinitas rentang nilai 11–13 ppt. Nilai residu tersuspensi, warna, kekeruhan, dan selinitas mengalami penurunan nilai setelah difiltrasi.