bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytokine modulation in pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence: from molecular insights to therapeutic targets
Authors: Chen Yongxiu , Ullah Amin , Chen Weifang , Xuan Jianyan , Huang Xiaowen , Liang Shiqi , Shen Bairong , Wu Tingfeng
Published: November 2024

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) are common disorders that significantly impact women’s quality of life. Studies have demonstrated that cytokines, including pro- and anti-inflammatory immune mediators, play a role in illness genesis and progression. Research on the inflammatory milieu of the pelvic floor has shown that POP patients have increased inflammation in vaginal tissues. This evidence revealed that significant changes in the inflammatory milieu of the pelvic floor are an aspect of the pathogenesis of POP. POP patients exhibit increased levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF, IFN, and others) in the front vaginal wall, which may alter collagen metabolism and contribute to POP. Studies indicate that cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, and TGF, which are involved in inflammation, remodelling, and repair, have dual effects on POP and UI. They can promote tissue healing and regeneration but also exacerbate inflammation and fibrosis, contributing to the progression of these conditions. Understanding the dual roles of these cytokines could help us improve the vaginal microenvironment of women and treat POP and UI. Given the considerable changes in these cytokines, this review addresses studies published between 2000 and 2024 on the molecular mechanisms by which pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines affect women with POP and UI. Furthermore, we explain novel therapeutic strategies for cytokine regulation, emphasizing the possibility of personalized treatments that address the underlying inflammatory milieu of the vagina in POP and UI patients. This thorough analysis aims to establish a foundation for future research and clinical applications, ultimately improving patient outcomes via designed cytokine-based therapies.
Electroencephalography based delirium screening in acute supratentorial stroke
Authors: Hermann Gesine , Baumgarte Friederike , Welzel Julius , Nydahl Peter , Kuhlenbäumer Gregor , Margraf Nils Gerd
Published: November 2024

Background

Up to 25% of patients suffering from an acute stroke are diagnosed with delirium during the hospital stay, with older age increasing the risk. Generalized slowing in the electroencephalogram (EEG) supports the diagnosis of delirium. We examined the potential of single-channel EEG (DeltaScan®) as an easy-to-use device on intensive care units for detecting delirium. Our aim was to investigate characteristics of bihemispheric EEG recordings and single-channel EEG in patients suffering from strokes with and without delirium and to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of EEG-based diagnoses.

Methods

Within the first five days after stroke onset, patients received single-channel EEG DeltaScan® and a routine 21-channel EEG. The DeltaScan® analyzes right sided fronto-parietal EEG using a proprietary algorithm focusing on polymorphic delta activity (PDA). In routine EEG the power spectral density (PSD) in predefined frequency bands was analyzed based on 2-minute eyes-closed resting state segments. EEG-analyses were conducted in MNE (v1.3.1) in Python (3.10) and RStudio (v4.2.1).

Results

In 9 of 53 patients (52–90 years) delirium was diagnosed according to DSM-V criteria. Sensitivity of DeltaScan® was 44% (95% CI = 15.3–77.3%), while specificity was 71% (95% CI = 57–83%). We found patients with right hemispheric stroke having a higher probability to be false positive in DeltaScan® (p = 0.01). The 21-channel EEG based power analysis revealed significant differences in frontal delta and theta power between patients with and without delirium (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

When EEG is used in clinical practice to support a delirium diagnosis in stroke patients, bihemispheric recordings are likely preferable over unilateral recordings. Slowing in the delta- or theta-frequency spectrum over the site of stroke may lead to false-positive results in single channel EEG based delirium scoring.
Measurements of traditional Chinese medicine health literacy regarding chronic pain: a scoping review
Authors: Qian Zhiyi , Wang Grace Y , Henning Marcus , Chen Yan
Published: November 2024

Chronic pain is a prevalent health condition that imposes a significant burden on the global health system. Health literacy is a determinant of the quality of pain management which directly impacts public and individual health. However, the existing health literacy measurements have predominantly focused on medical models stemmed from Western culture and the knowledge of non-Western health models has largely been neglected. This review scopes refereed health literacy publications with regard to traditional Chinese medicine and chronic pain to explore and identify 1) the conceptual basis underlying the development of traditional Chinese medicine health literacy in this area, and 2) measurement tools used in this area and their associated psychometric qualities. Twenty-eight journal articles were assessed and the results showed that most studies’ conceptual frameworks were unable to cover three key health literacy aspects defined by the World Health Organization (access, understand, and apply). Furthermore, the identified health literacy measurement tools generally lacked rigorous psychometric evaluation. Future studies should focus on exploring a comprehensive model that encompasses various health models and developing measurement tools with more culturally representative psychometric assessments.
Trends in the practice environment of Chinese healthcare professionals from 2008 to 2023: an age period cohort analysis
Authors: Lin Liangquan , Che Yi , Zhou Jiaxin , Gui Yixin , Zhang Xinqing
Published: November 2024

Background

Healthcare practice environment plays a vital role in evaluation and the development of health sector in China. However, there are few comprehensive reviews and studies focusing on its state and changing trends. This study aimed to examine the dynamic trends in Chinese healthcare professionals’ perceptions of their practice environment from 2008 to 2023 using age period cohort (APC) analysis.

Methods

Four national cross-sectional surveys of healthcare professionals were conducted in 2008, 2013, 2018, and 2023. APC analysis was performed to distinguish effects of age, period and cohort. Covariates like gender, department, job satisfaction, and doctor–patient relationships were also analyzed.

Results

Between 2008 and 2023, healthcare professionals' perceptions of their practice environment first declined and then improved. Those aged 28–38 during 2013–2018 and born between 1978 and 1988 had the most negative perceptions. After 2018, perceptions improved, peaking in 2023. Those under 23 and over 43 exhibited larger age effects. Birth cohorts after 1993 also had more positive effects. Controlling for covariates attenuated APC effects. Females, those in obstetrics and emergency medicine, nurses, technicians, and administrators perceived better environments. Higher job satisfaction and doctor–patient relationship harmony are also associated with more positive perceptions. Income matching efforts and perceptions of promotion fairness had positive impacts, while increasing severity of physical fatigue and psychological anxiety negatively influenced perceptions of the practice environment.

Conclusions

The APC analysis provided nuanced insights into evolving practitioner perceptions amid healthcare reforms in China. Tailored policies focused on career stage and generation are needed to address disruptions and sustain improvements. Monitoring feedback on reforms and changes is essential for optimizing the practice environment over time.
Evaluation of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag combi test for the detection of HIV infection
Authors: Wang Chunling , Rao Jie , Fang Zhonggang , Zhang Hongwei , Yin Jun , Li Tinghua , Zhang Chen
Published: November 2024

Background

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection screening and diagnosis are critical to control the HIV epidemic. Testing for anti-HIV antibodies (Ab) and antigens (Ag) in blood samples is the first step to screen people who have been potentially exposed to the virus. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi for detection of HIV antibodies and antigens.

Methods

We used residual samples to assess the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi retrospectively. All samples that met the test criteria were tested with the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi according to manufacturer’s instruction. Results of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi were compared with the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo test.

Results

The specificity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi was 99.85% in 5,057 unselected blood donors and 100.00% in 213 hospitalized patient samples, respectively. The sensitivity of the Test in 614 HIV-1 Ab, HIV-1 Ag or HIV-2 Ab positive samples was 100.00%. Seroconversion sensitivity from results of 30 panels was comparable between the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi and the Architect assay.

Conclusions

The reactivity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi test is comparable to the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay.
Bilateral erector spinae plane block on opioid-sparing effect in upper abdominal surgery: study protocol for a bi-center prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Geng Changzhen , Wang Li , Shi Yaping , Shi Xinnan , Zhao Hanyi , Huang Ya , Ji Qiufang , Dai Yuanqiang , Xu Tao
Published: November 2024

Background

Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a promising technique for effective analgesia. It is still uncertain if ESPB offers the same opioid-sparing effect as thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) in midline incision for upper abdominal surgery.

Methods

The study is a prospective, bi-center, randomized, controlled, non-inferior trial. One hundred fifty-eight patients scheduled for upper abdominal surgery will be randomly assigned to receive bilateral ESPB or PVB before surgery. The primary outcome will be the equivalent cumulative analgesia dosage of sufentanil during the surgery, which is defined as the total dosage of sufentanil from anesthesia induction to tracheal extubation. The main secondary outcomes include postoperative complications and the quality of recovery-15 score at 24 h, 48 h, and 30 days after surgery.

Discussion

This study will assess the opioid-sparing efficacy of ESPB and PVB, complications, and the quality of recovery of two blocks.

Trial registration

ChiCTR2300073030 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/). Registered on 30 June 2023.
Improvement of osteogenic differentiation potential of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells by metformin via AMPK pathway activation
Authors: Manochantr Sirikul , Meesuk Ladda , Chadee Nuengruethai , Suwanprateeb Jintamai , Tantrawatpan Chairat , Kheolamai Pakpoom
Published: November 2024

Background

Placenta-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (PL-MSCs) have gained a lot of attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their availability and bone-forming capacity. However, the osteogenic differentiation capacity of these cells remains inconsistent and could be improved to achieve greater efficiency. Although metformin, a widely used oral hypoglycemic agent, has been shown to increase bone formation in various cell types, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of PL-MSCs has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of metformin on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PL-MSCs and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

The PL-MSCs were treated with 0.5 to 640 µM metformin and their osteogenic differentiation capacity was examined by an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red S staining and expression levels of osteogenic genes. The role of adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in mediating the effect of metformin on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PL-MSCs was also investigated by determining levels of phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK)/AMPK ratio and by using compound C, an AMPK inhibitor.

Results

The results showed that 10–160 µM metformin significantly increased the viability of PL-MSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, 80–320 µM metformin also increased ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and expression levels of osteogenic genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (OSX), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen I (COL1), in PL-MSCs. Metformin increases osteogenic differentiation of PL-MSCs, at least in part, through the AMPK signaling pathway, since the administration of compound C inhibited its enhancing effects on ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression of PL-MSCs.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that metformin at concentrations of 80–320 μM significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of PL-MSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, primarily through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. This finding suggests that metformin could be used with other conventional drugs to induce bone regeneration in various bone diseases. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights for future osteoporosis treatment by highlighting the potential of modulating the AMPK pathway to improve bone regeneration.
Advancements in ecological assets and ecological product supply: in-depth insights from Karst World Heritage sites
Authors: Liu Qiangqiang , Xiong Kangning , Chen Yue , Feng Mingjun
Published: November 2024

Ecological assets (EA) are fundamental to the supply of ecological products (EP). They underpin the provision of ecological functions by ecosystems, their existence, and health. However, a comprehensive assessment of EA and the supply of EP remains lacking. This study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method and identifies 215 relevant articles from the Scopus database. The study: (1) Analyzes selected literature by publication years, research themes, geographical distribution, affiliations, and stages. (2) Summarizes key advances and significant achievements in domestic and international research. (3) Formulates six critical scientific questions and provides recommendations based on the current status and characteristics of EA and the supply of EP in Karst World Heritage (WH) Sites. This study furnishes research insights for practitioners and policymakers in the field, contributing to the sustainable development of ecosystems in Karst WH Sites.
Porcine ear necrosis in nursery piglets is preceded by oral manipulations of the ear
Authors: Malik Mateusz , Chiers Koen , Chantziaras Ilias , Maes Dominiek
Published: November 2024

Background

Porcine ear necrosis (PEN) is characterized by dry crusts on the ear tip. The crusts often progress to moist and bloody lesions and may lead to partial loss of the ear tissue. The cause and pathophysiology of PEN are unknown. Skin infections, systemic infections, or ear biting have been suggested as a cause of PEN, but no proper evidence has been shown. The behavioural factor has not yet been investigated, therefore this study evaluated the importance of oral manipulations in the occurrence of PEN in nursery pigs. Three farms affected by PEN were visited weekly, and the prevalence and severity were recorded. Video recordings of the animals were performed, and the behaviour was evaluated. The presence of pathogens in the lesions and histological alterations were also analysed.

Results

The highest percentage of pigs with PEN lesions in the farms ranged between 58 and 93%, with most lesions being of mild to moderate severity. The first ear lesions occurred about 1–2 weeks after an increase in the number of ear manipulations in the pens. The frequency of the ear manipulations clearly changed over time, and the number of oral ear manipulation behaviour significantly differed (P < 0.05) between pigs in pens with high and low PEN prevalence. Increased ear manipulation behaviour was significantly related to a subsequent increase in PEN lesions (OR = 4.3; P < 0.001). Metagenomic investigation of lesion scrapings revealed a variety of pathogens mostly with low abundance, where microscopic alterations were found mainly in the epidermis.

Conclusions

Oral manipulation of the ear pinnae by pen mates was followed by the development of PEN lesions one to two weeks later. This suggests that the behaviour played an important role in the PEN lesions formation in the nursery pigs of the three farms. Bacteria found in PEN lesions most probably were secondary to initial external skin damage, but their relevance needs to be investigated further.
Confirming non-endemicity of podoconiosis in Guatemala and in Idukki District in Kerala (India): a comparison of two approaches potentially suitable for other neglected tropical diseases
Authors: Simpson Hope , Trueba Mei , Mendizábal-Cabrera Renata , George Sobha , Tomy Chitra , Sasi Silpa T. , Kartal Aran , Deribe Kebede , Panicker Kottarathil Narayanpillai Parameswa , Davey Gail
Published: November 2024

Background

Podoconiosis is an underreported lymphoedema whose distribution is uncertain at global level and within endemic countries. Previous work has identified countries with historical evidence of podoconiosis, but which do not currently report cases. Podoconiosis may persist in these countries or have been eliminated due to socioeconomic development. Here we describe two different approaches used to clarify podoconiosis endemicity status in Guatemala and in Idukki District (Kerala State, India).

Methods

Two different epidemiological approaches were used by different research teams, determined by the available resources and contextual factors in the two settings. In Guatemala, where lymphoedema cases are routinely recorded in the health information system, 102 municipalities with suspected cases, historical evidence of podoconiosis, high poverty rates, or environmental suitability for the disease were visited. Active case searches were conducted from July 2016 to October 2018, and suspected cases were clinically examined to confirm or rule out podoconiosis. In Idukki, where lymphoedema cases were not routinely recorded, a population-based prevalence survey for lymphoedema was conducted from September to December 2022, covering 13,664 individuals aged 15 years and older.

Results

Both approaches were effective at clarifying podoconiosis endemicity. In Guatemala, 20 cases with lower limb swelling were investigated. Podoconiosis was ruled out in all cases, and filarial lymphoedema was suspected in three. In Idukki District, 105 cases of lower limb swelling were identified. None was confirmed to have podoconiosis, with post-surgical lymphoedema and hypertension being the most common diagnoses. Active filarial infection was identified in two cases in Idukki District.

Conclusions

These investigations provide evidence that podoconiosis is currently non-endemic in Guatemala and in Idukki District in India. They also demonstrate that population-based surveys and targeted case searches both provide effective ways to explore disease endemicity in areas where this is uncertain. The most appropriate approach depends on a combination of contextual and research-based factors, including evidence for endemicity, resources available, and geographical, population, and health system factors.
Return on Investment of Preoperative Anemia Management Programs in Cardiac Surgery: An Advisory From the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Clinical Practice Improvement Committee With Endorsement by the Society for the Advancement of Patient Blood Management
Authors: Warner Matthew A. , Ferreira Renata , Raphael Jacob , Shore-Lesserson Linda , Grant Michael C. , Sykes Hill Shanna , Morewood Gordon , Popescu Wanda M. , Schwann Nanette , Guinn Nicole R.
Published: November 2024

Despite multiple recent guidelines recommending the diagnosis and treatment of anemia before elective cardiac surgery, few institutions have formal programs or methods in place to accomplish this. A major limitation is the perceived financial shortfall and the leadership buy-in required to undertake such an initiative. The purpose of this advisory from the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) Clinical Practice Improvement Committee with endorsement by the Society for the Advancement of Patient Blood Management (SABM) is to provide an overview of preoperative anemia management programs with an emphasis on the associated financial implications. This advisory reviews the evidence for preoperative anemia management programs in both cardiac and noncardiac surgery, discusses options for managing preoperative anemia, provides novel financial modeling regarding the implementation of preoperative anemia management programs, and describes implementation challenges, potential solutions, and opportunities for improvement.
Timing Matters: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis on the Optimal Period for Cranioplasty After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Palavani Lucca B. , Ferreira Márcio Yuri , Camerotte Raphael , Mitre Lucas Pari , Piason Lucas , Andreão Filipi Fim , Pereira Anna Luiza , Monteiro Ruy , de Amorim Robson Luis Oliveira , Bertani Raphael , Paiva Wellingson
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Craniectomy is a commonly performed procedure in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) to control intracranial hypertension and reduce mortality. The optimal timing for cranioplasty after craniectomy remains a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the ideal timing for cranioplasty after severe TBI, focusing on complications associated with temporal aspects and materials used in cranioplasty.

METHODS:

Multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, were searched for studies reporting on the subject. Inclusion criteria involved randomized and observational studies comparing early and late cranioplasty procedures. Quality assessment was performed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scale. Results were pooled in a single-arm meta-analysis and presented as mean and 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS:

Early cranioplasty was associated with a lower likelihood of subdural effusion (odds ratio [OR] 0.3735 [0.1643; 0.8490], P = .0187). However, no differences were detected for the presence of infection between both groups (OR 0.7460 [0.2065; 2.6945], P = .6548). Cranioplasties performed within or equal to 3 months from the TBI incident were associated with a reduced likelihood of minor complications (OR 0.4471 [0.2467; 0.8102], P = .0080). Paradoxically, this time frame exhibited an elevated risk of hydrocephalus (OR 3.2035 [1.4860; 6.9059], P = .0030), as well as total complications (OR 1.4190 [1.0453; 1.9262] P = .0248).

CONCLUSION:

This comprehensive review highlights the current lack of consensus on the optimal timing for cranioplasty after severe TBI. Early cranioplasty, within 35 days, showed a reduced risk of subdural effusion, but no disparity in the odds of infection was found. A reduced incidence of minor complications was observed in the earlier approach, however with an elevated risk for hydrocephalus and total complications. The association between timing and complications, including hydrocephalus, highlights the need for further research and standardization in this critical aspect of TBI management.
A Preliminary Assessment on Reproducibility of Triggered Electromyography During Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy
Authors: Xiao Bo , Jiang Wenbin , Morota Nobuhito , Browd Samuel R. , Constantini Shlomi , Mei Rong , Wei Min , Junlu Wang , Song Yunhai , Wang Rui , Zhan Qijia
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) reduces spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Intraoperative neurophysiology, triggered electromyography (trigger-EMG) is crucial in guiding sensory rootlet selection, but its reproducibility during SDR surgery has not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of trigger-EMG during SDR performed in children with spastic CP.

METHODS:

A retrospective review was performed for cases where dorsal roots were stimulated twice 1 to 2 minutes apart during SDR using a specific protocol. With single-pulse stimulation of 0.2 ms width having a gradually increasing intensity from 0.01 mA until the EMG amplitude is >200 μV. Criteria were established to evaluate trigger-EMG reproducibility.

RESULTS:

This study showed that the reproducibility of trigger-EMG was excellent, as the most responsive channels in the second stimulation trial were the same as those in the first one in 90.1% of the roots stimulated. In addition, the 3 most responsive channels were mostly the same between the first and second stimulation trials in 96.9% of the roots tested. Furthermore, when comparing the evoked EMG pattern since the beginning to the end point between the 2 stimulation trials in all 131 roots, the amplitudes of trigger-EMG in 3 most responsive channels were similar to each other, particularly the most responsive one. Amplitudes of each phase in each EMG evoked were also similar to each other.

CONCLUSION:

The excellent reproducibility of trigger-EMG, as demonstrated by its consistent activation of specific spinal motor circuits, provides a solid foundation for future research. Further investigation into the underlying electrophysiological mechanisms of this reproducibility could inform the development of more refined stimulation protocols and data analysis techniques. These advancements hold promise for enhancing the accuracy of dorsal root selection during SDR and ultimately improving clinical outcomes for patients with spastic CP.
Simulation and measurement of atrazine and nitrate losses as influenced by water table management
Authors: Γεράκης Αργύριος
Published: November 2024

Οι αγροί με υπόγειο σύστημα άρδευσης/στράγγισης συχνά διατηρούν υψηλή υπόγεια στάθμη. Έντονη βροχόπτωση μπορεί να κατακλύσει σε σύντομο χρόνο το έδαφος με απρόβλεπτες συνέπειες για την απόδοση της καλλιέργειας και τις απώλειες γεωργικών φαρμάκων και λιπασμάτων. Ο κύριος σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν η μέτρηση και η προσομοίωση της έκπλυσης ατραζίνης (2-χλωρο-4-αιθυλαμινο-6-ισοπροπυλαμινο-1, 3, 5-τριαζίνης) και της νιτρικής μορφής αζώτου (ΝΟ3-Ν) από τους υπόγειους στραγγιστικούς αγωγούς, μετά από κατάκλυση και επακόλουθη στράγγιση. Η διατριβή διαιρείται σε τρείς ενότητες. Στην πρώτη ενότητα, μετρήθηκαν η έκπλυση ατραζίνης και ΝΟ3-Ν από πέντε λυσίμετρα καλλιεργημένα με αραβόσιτο (Zea mays L.). Παρατηρήθηκε η επίδραση του χρόνου έναρξης της κατάκλυσης (στο 8o φύλλο, και μία εβδομάδα μετά την άνθηση των θηλέων ανθέων) και της χρονικής διάρκειας της κατάκλυσης (στιγμιαία και 14 ημερών). Η πρώιμη κατάκλυση συνέπεσε με υψηλότερες μέγιστες συγκεντρώσεις ατραζίνης και ΝΟ3-Ν κατά τη στράγγιση, και με υψηλότερη ολική έκπλυση ατραζίνης και ΝΟ3-Ν. Η βραχύτερη κατάκλυση συνέπεσε με υψηλότερες μέγιστες συγκεντρώσεις ατραζίνης και ΝΟ3-Ν κατά τη στράγγιση, και με υψηλότερη συνολική έκπλυση ΝΟ3-Ν, αλλά όχι ατραζίνης. Η κατάκλυση και ειδικά η πρώιμη παρατεταμένη κατάκλυση, συνοδεύθηκε από μείωση της απόδοσης του αραβοσίτου. Στη δεύτερη ενότητα της διατριβής, το CERES, ένα δημοφιλές ψηφιακό ομοίωμα εδάφους-φυτού-ατμόσφαιρας, τροποποιήθηκε ώστε να προσομοιώσει το υδατικό ισοζύγιο και την απώλεια των χημικών ουσιών σε εδάφη με ελεγχόμενη υπόγεια στάθμη. Το ομοίωμα βαθμονομήθηκε με τα πειραματικά δεδομένα. Στην τρίτη ενότητα της διατριβής, εφαρμόστηκαν δύο ιχνηθέτες ροής (Br και Rhodamine WT) σε λυσίμετρο, και επακολούθησε άρδευση. Παρατηρήθηκε έντονη παρακαμπτήριος ροή.
Oncological and reproductive outcomes after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Αθανασίου Αντώνιος
Published: November 2024

Εισαγωγή: Η ισορροπία μεταξύ της αποτελεσματικότητας και της αναπαραγωγικής νοσηρότητας των διαφορετικών θεραπειών για την ενδοεπιθηλιακή νεοπλασία του τραχήλου της μήτρας (CIN) και τον καρκίνο του τραχήλου της μήτρας σε πρώιμο στάδιο δεν είναι ξεκάθαρη. Ο στόχος μας ήταν να συγκρίνουμε την αποτελεσματικότητα, τις επιπλοκές και το κόστος των διαφορετικών τεχνικών. Μέθοδοι: Διενεργήσαμε μετα-ανάλυση δικτύου για να συγκρίνουμε τις θεραπείες για CIN ως προς τα ογκολογικά και αναπαραγωγικά αποτελέσματα. Διενεργήσαμε επίσης μετα-ανάλυση για να υπολογίσουμε τον κίνδυνο καρκίνου του τραχήλου της μήτρας και άλλων κακοηθειών που σχετίζονται με τον ιό των ανθρώπινων θηλωμάτων (HPV) μετά από θεραπείες για CIN. Στη συνέχεια, διενεργήσαμε ανάλυση κόστους-αποτελεσματικότητας των θεραπειών για CIN. Τέλος, πραγματοποιήσαμε μετα-ανάλυση για να συγκρίνουμε τις θεραπείες που προστατεύουν τη γονιμότητα για καρκίνο του τραχήλου της μήτρας σε πρώιμο στάδιο όσον αφορά τα ογκολογικά και αναπαραγωγικά αποτελέσματα. Αποτελέσματα: Οι πιο ριζικές θεραπείες για CIN μειώνουν τον κίνδυνο αποτυχίας της θεραπείας αλλά αυξάνουν τον κίνδυνο πρόωρου τοκετού σε σύγκριση με τις λιγότερο ριζικές θεραπείες. Οι γυναίκες που έχουν υποβληθεί σε θεραπεία για CIN παραμένουν σε αυξημένο κίνδυνο για καρκίνο του τραχήλου της μήτρας για τουλάχιστον 20 χρόνια μετά τη θεραπεία σε σύγκριση με τον γενικό πληθυσμό. Αυτός ο κίνδυνος είναι υψηλότερος μετά τις καταστρεπτικές θεραπείες (λόγος κινδύνου [RR]=4,34 [95% διάστημα εμπιστοσύνης 1,77–10,61]) από ό,τι μετά τις αφαιρετικές θεραπείες (RR=2,04 [1,80–2,31]). Ο κίνδυνος άλλων κακοηθειών που σχετίζονται με τον HPV είναι επίσης αυξημένος μετά τη θεραπεία. Η κωνοειδής εκτομή με αγκύλη διαθερμίας (LLETZ) παρέχει ισορροπημένη αποτελεσματικότητα και αναπαραγωγική νοσηρότητα, και έτσι είναι η πιο οικονομικά αποδοτική θεραπεία για νεαρές γυναίκες. Ωστόσο, για γυναίκες που έχουν ολοκληρώσει την τεκνοποιία, τόσο το LLETZ όσο και η κωνοειδής εκτομή με laser είναι οικονομικά αποδοτικές εναλλακτικές λύσεις. Τέλος, βρήκαμε ότι οι πιο ριζικές χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις που προστατεύουν τη γονιμότητα για καρκίνο του τραχήλου της μήτρας σε πρώιμο στάδιο μειώνουν τον κίνδυνο υποτροπής αλλά αυξάνουν τον κίνδυνο αναπαραγωγικής νοσηρότητας σε σύγκριση με τις λιγότερο ριζικές επεμβάσεις. Συμπεράσματα: Η αύξηση της χειρουργικής ριζικότητας μειώνει τον κίνδυνο αποτυχίας της θεραπείας αλλά αυξάνει τον κίνδυνο μεταγενέστερου πρόωρου τοκετού. Πριν επιλεγεί η μέθοδος θεραπείας, οι κλινικοί γιατροί και οι ασθενείς θα πρέπει να έχουν ενημερωθεί για τα οφέλη και τους κινδύνους κάθε τεχνικής. Το LLETZ είναι η πιο οικονομικά αποδοτική θεραπεία για νεότερες ασθενείς, αλλά για ασθενείς μεγαλύτερης ηλικίας θα μπορούσε να εξεταστεί το ενδεχόμενο πιο ριζικής εκτομής.
Improving the Methodology for Conducting Financial Analysis of a Debtor Company by an Arbitration Manager
Authors: Zaharov Igor'
Published: November 2024

In accordance with the Rules of financial analysis by the arbitration manager approved by the decree of the government of the Russian Federation of 25 June 2003 No. 367, arbitration managers should use the method of financial coefficients. However, in our view, a number of coefficients included in the Rules do not allow us to give a reasonable conclusion on the financial condition of the legal entity. The article substantiates the reasons for this and proposes other and additional coefficients for conducting financial analysis of debtors organizations
Grave and cemetery as a manifestation of social behaviours. A few thoughts on the example of early medieval burials from the Chełmno-Dobrzyń zone
Authors: Bojarski Jacek
Published: November 2024

Starting point for the study of social behavior based on funeral rituals material traces is an assumption both cemeteries and burials (which are part of them) are, in a certain part, a reflection of social relations. Results of the necropolis sources analysis in their spatial context can provide plenty of information necessary to describe a social structure, determine a hierarchy and system of power, determine the financial status of deceased and reconstruct existing relationships between individuals and groups, and in general, development and a complexity of social organization studies. The article presents a few chosen issues regarding social activities manifested in graves and entire necropolises appearance (based on graves from cemeteries in Chełmno-Dobrzyń zone - Kałdus, Gruczno, Pień and Napole among others). Examples discussed in the article are an expression of socially regulated and consciously undertaken activities, expressing a certain consensus which guaranteed the stable development of local communities. Funeral practices, which were subordinated to constantly changing social rules on the one hand and accepted various dissimilarities on the other (including sepulchral customs originating from ethnically, religiously and culturally alien environments), were important part of it. Unusual burials characterized by a different deceased arrangement in graves, an equipment, and a non-standard grave constructions are traces of these practices. Social relations, including family and intergenerational ties, expressed in double and multiple burials among others, can be found in a cemetery. Necropolises could be considered, in this way, as a mirror reflection of a "spatialized" social order. The order transferred into the eschatological dimension.
alderman’s seat in Głuchołazy and its transformations from the 14th century to the beginning of the 19th century
Authors: Legendziewicz Andrzej , Grodzka Elżbieta , Dobrasiak Daria
Published: November 2024

Artykuł przedstawia historię powstania i przekształceń zespołu zabudowy Wójtostwa w Głuchołazach od XIV do XIX wieku. We wstępie przedstawiono opis Wójtostwa, informacje kronikarskie oraz dotychczasową literaturę. Na podstawie badań architektonicznych wyróżniono fazy przekształceń budowli.  Za jej początki przyjęto powstałe zapewne w I połowie XIV wieku założenie obronne połączone z murem miejskim. Jego rozbudowa o skrzydła południowe i zachodnie miała miejsce po zniszczeniu Głuchołaz przez husytów w 1428 i 1432 roku. Renesansową przebudowę zrealizował w 1603 roku wójt Henrich Adelsbach. W 1623 roku zakon Jezuitów nabył Wójtostwo i przekształcił na szkołę. Budowlę częściowo rozebrano po 1786 roku. W 1834 roku budynek spłonął i odbudowano go na potrzeby gimnazjum.
“Ha florecido en virtudes en este convento de Corpus Christi”: apuntes de la vida de sor Antonia de Cristo, una monja india en la Nueva España
Authors: Hernández de Olarte Xixián
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo estudiar una de las biografías, la de sor Antonia de Cristo, tanto la original como la que fue revisada y aumentada, para analizar cómo a través de este tipo de textos la monja fungió como modelo y guía para sus compañeras, así como una muestra de que las indias eran buenas religiosas.
A Data-Driven Optimization Framework for Static Rebalancing Operations in Bike Sharing Systems
Authors: Liu Junming , Chen Weiwei , Sun Leilei
Published: November 2024

Bike sharing systems have been widely deployed in urban cities for first- and last-mile transportation. However, because of the geographical and temporal imbalance of bike demand, bikes need to be reallocated system-wide among stations during the night to maintain a high service level while minimizing demand loss due to stockout or overcapacity. Two technical challenges remain in optimizing the static bike rebalancing operations. One challenge is to accurately predict bike pickup and dropoff demand at each station, considering demand substitution effects and subsequently determining the optimal rebalancing quantity for each station. The other is to efficiently optimize the routing of multiple rebalancing vehicles for large-scale bike sharing systems, considering outlier stations with rebalancing quantities exceeding vehicle capacity. To this end, we propose an end-to-end solution to tackle the aforesaid challenges. Specifically, we first develop deep learning-based predictors that capture the time dependencies of station-level demand, the impact of weather conditions, and the demand substitution effect by nearby stations. Based on the demand rate, a sequential simulation-based demand loss estimator is developed to find the optimal rebalancing quantities that lead to the minimum expected demand loss. Then, a mixed integer linear programming model is formulated to optimize the routing problem of rebalancing vehicles. To address the computational challenge, we propose a data-driven decomposition algorithm to support a multivehicle multivisit rebalancing strategy by decomposing the multivehicle routing problem into smaller and tractable single-vehicle routing problems, which can be solved in parallel. Finally, extensive numerical experiments using real-world data from New York City Citi Bike demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed bike demand predictors, the impact of demand substitution, and the efficiency of the data-driven optimization framework.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science & Machine Learning.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72201222] and the Hong Kong Research Grants Council [Grants CityU 21500220 and CityU 11504322].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0182 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0182 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Case report: non-surgical regeneration with adjunctive enamel matrix derivative
Authors: Raindi Devan S , Weston Paul , Chapple Iain
Published: November 2024

A 48-year-old female patient referred to the Birmingham Dental Hospital for generalized periodontitis presented with a residual 8-mm pocket and infrabony defect around her LL2 after Step 1 and 2 of therapy. Following discussion of treatment options, a minimally invasive non-surgical technique was completed alongside the addition of a biologic, a therapeutic agent applied to enhance regenerative or reparative effects during wound healing and in this case, enamel matrix derivative. At 6 months, pocket closure was evident, as well as radiographic evidence of bony infill. The patient remains in ongoing supportive periodontal therapy at 3-monthly intervals.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Addition of biologics traditionally used during surgical therapy may provide improvements when used alongside minimally invasive non-surgical treatment.
How to make changes
Authors: Walsh Nick
Published: November 2024

Nick Walsh explains how good change management can prevent conflict in practice
Tattoos in the workplace
Authors: Cockerill Nicola
Published: November 2024

Nicola Cockerill outlines the legal background to tattoos in the workplace
Blepharitis and seborrheic dermatitis
Authors: Kumar Narendra
Published: November 2024

In the latest of his features from India, Dr Narendra Kumar describes a case that highlights the close association between lid disorders and more general systemic conditions. Both need to be addressed. He also reveals a new near test type card produced by his practice
CPD: Physics of photochromic lenses
Authors: Clarkson Douglas
Published: November 2024

Dr Douglas Clarkson describes the evolution and characteristics of glass and plastic photochromic lens materials. (C104720, suitable for logging as one provider-led distance learning CPD point for optometrists and dispensing opticians)
To dream of spring
Authors: Cosby Zoe
Published: November 2024

January is finally over, and, with the light returning slowly to the evenings, we can begin to flirt with the idea of spring. This edition of The Goods is all about embracing the changing of the seasons. It is time to take a long hard look at our wardrobes and homes and focus on what we love and do not love, what deserves space in our lives and what needs to go. As always, investing in something you truly adore will always give it longevity and when it comes to trends, that should be the sole purpose for any purchase.

So read on to find something you might just fall in love with.
Diary of a Spectacle Designer
Authors: Davies Tom
Published: November 2024

Tom Davies experiments with the latest artificial intelligence chatbot and finds portents of a bleak future
Long Covid in the workplace
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2024

Adam Bernstein looks into the implications of long Covid for employers
CPD: Alcon talks: Toric
Authors: Anthony Buki , Huntjens Byki
Published: November 2024

Buki Anthony gives an overview of the first in a series of online education events, supported by Alcon. In this inaugural event, Dr Byki Huntjens offered an overview of the practice of toric contact lenses. (C104896, suitable for one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
CPD: Prospective evaluation of a new one-day disposable contact lens
Authors: Evans Bruce
Published: November 2024

Professor Bruce Evans and the HODCL team report on a new study evaluating a new one-day disposable silicone hydrogel contact lens from Hoya (C104962, suitable for logging as one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
Putting orthokeratology into practice
Authors: Bansal Shelley
Published: November 2024

Advances in myopia management have put orthokeratology into the spotlight. Shelley Bansal describes four cases where he has used the technique successfully and suggests that, once started, orthokeratology soon shows benefits for practice and patient alike
Social media power
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett reports on how Social Media Practice of the Year 2022 Award Winner, Yorkshire Eyewear, uses its platforms to boost relationships and raise awareness of eye health
World Glaucoma Week
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett rounds up activities and new research initiated in celebration of World Glaucoma Week last month
CPD: BCLA CLEAR 8
Authors: Carrasquillo Karen G. , Riccobono Kellen
Published: November 2024

The eighth in a series of articles summarising the key findings of the BCLA CLEAR publication, a major review of the published evidence relating to all aspects of contact lens practice, Dr Karen G Carrasquillo and Dr Kellen Riccobono offer an overview of the BCLA CLEAR section relating to the medical uses of contact lenses. (C105719, suitable for logging as one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
Successful emergency surgical intervention in acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with rupture: A case report
Authors: Li Xing-Po , Wang Zi-Shan , Yu Hong-Xia , Wang Shan-Shan
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rising, with cardiac rupture accounting for approximately 2% of deaths in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Ventricular free wall rupture (FWR) occurs in approximately 2% of AMI patients and is notably rare in patients with non-STEMI. Types of cardiac rupture include left ventricular FWR, ventricular septal rupture, and papillary muscle rupture. The FWR usually leads to acute cardiac tamponade or electromechanical dissociation, where standard resuscitation efforts may not be effective. Ventricular septal rupture and papillary muscle rupture often result in refractory heart failure, with mortality rates over 50%, even with surgical or percutaneous repair options.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a rare case of an acute non-STEMI patient who suffered sudden FWR causing cardiac tamponade and loss of consciousness immediate before undergoing coronary angiography. Prompt resuscitation and emergency open-heart repair along with coronary artery bypass grafting resulted in successful patient recovery.

CONCLUSION

This case emphasizes the risks of AMI complications, shares a successful treatment scenario, and discusses measures to prevent such complications.
Relationship between longitudinal changes in lipid composition and ischemic stroke among hypertensive patients
Authors: Wei Cheng-Cheng , Huang Yu-Qing , Yu Cheng-Hong
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia was strongly linked to stroke, however the relationship between dyslipidemia and its components and ischemic stroke remained unexplained.

AIM

To investigate the link between longitudinal changes in lipid profiles and dyslipidemia and ischemic stroke in a hypertensive population.

METHODS

Between 2013 and 2014, 6094 hypertension individuals were included in this, and ischemic stroke cases were documented to the end of 2018. Longitudinal changes of lipid were stratified into four groups: (1) Normal was transformed into normal group; (2) Abnormal was transformed into normal group; (3) Normal was transformed into abnormal group; and (4) Abnormal was transformed into abnormal group. To examine the link between longitudinal changes in dyslipidemia along with its components and the risk of ischemic stroke, we utilized multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with hazard ratio (HR) and 95%CI.

RESULTS

The average age of the participants was 62.32 years ± 13.00 years, with 329 women making up 54.0% of the sample. Over the course of a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, 143 ischemic strokes happened. When normal was transformed into normal group was used as a reference, after full adjustments, the HR for dyslipidemia and ischemic stroke among abnormal was transformed into normal group, normal was transformed into abnormal group and abnormal was transformed into abnormal group were 1.089 (95%CI: 0.598-1.982; P = 0.779), 2.369 (95%CI: 1.424-3.941; P < 0.001) and 1.448 (95%CI: 1.002-2.298; P = 0.047) (P for trend was 0.233), respectively.

CONCLUSION

In individuals with hypertension, longitudinal shifts from normal to abnormal in dyslipidemia-particularly in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-were significantly associated with the risk of ischemic stroke.
Radiomics and molecular analysis: Bridging the gap for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis
Authors: Cheng Chun-Han , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: November 2024

This editorial examines a recent study that used radiomics based on computed tomography (CT) to predict the expression of the fibroblast-related gene enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2 ) and its correlation with the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By integrating radiomics with molecular analysis, the study presented a strategy for accurately predicting the expression of EZH2 from CT scans. The findings demonstrated a strong link between the radiomics model, EZH2 expression, and patient prognosis. This noninvasive approach provides valuable insights into the therapeutic management of HCC.
Imperative for long-term management and surveillance in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Pan Yan , Jiao Fu-Yong
Published: November 2024

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications. Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments, such as intravenous immunoglobulin, KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues, as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases . This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications. By drawing on recent research and case studies, we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.