bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les Pastoureaux dans les Histoires de Toulouse
Authors: Passerat Georges
Published: June 2020

Le dimanche 15 juin 1320 fut une journée sanglante dans l’histoire de Toulouse. Ce jour-là, les Pastoureaux envahissent le quartier juif et tuent 115 personnes. Les historiens de Toulouse, depuis le dominicain Bernard Gui, contemporain des faits, jusqu’à la toute récente Histoire illustrée de Toulouse, parlent plus ou moins de ces événements. Un inventaire détaillé de l’épisode des Pastoureaux, tel qu’il est relaté dans les différentes Histoires de Toulouse, réserve bien des surprises ! Du silence poli à la vague allusion, les ouvrages d’histoire vont parfois jusqu’à enjoliver leur récit en ajoutant de la confusion et en brodant sur le sort malheureux des Juifs.
A Study on Phonon-Mediated Thermal Transport and Lattice Thermal Conductivity Prediction Using First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Maung Aung Phone , Hsu Chung Hao
Published: June 2020

The systematic theoretical approaches and atomistic simulation programs to predict thermal properties of crystalline nanostructured materials within first-principles framework are studied here. Recent progress in computational power has enabled an accurate and reliable way to investigate nanoscale thermal transport in crystalline materials using first-principles based calculations. Extracting a large set of anharmonic force constants with low computational effort remains a big challenge in lattice dynamics and condensed-matter physics. This paper focuses on recent progress in first-principles phonon calculations for semiconductor materials and summarizes advantages and limitations of each approach and simulation programs by comparing accuracy of numerical solutions, computational load and calculating feasibility to a wide range of crystalline materials. This work also reviews and presents the coupling model of first-principles molecular dynamic (FPMD) approach that can extract anharmonic force constants directly and solution of linearized Boltzmann transport equation to predict phonon-mediated lattice thermal conductivity of crystalline materials.
Development of Rice Straw Paper Coated with Pomelo Peel Extract for Bio-Based and Antibacterial Packaging
Authors: Chollakup Rungsima , Kongtud Wuttinan , Sukatta Udomlak , Piriyasatits Kanyanut , Premchookiat Maneenuch , Jarerat Amnat
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to develop paper packaging from rice straw fibers with its function as antibacterial activity obtained from pomelo (Citrus maxima) peels. Paper with ca. 106.42 g/m2 basis weight, 0.34 mm thickness, 34.15 % brightness and 78.7 N.m/g tensile index was prepared from rice straw fibers and pulps. Bioactive compounds of crude pomelo peels extracted using maceration technique with 75% (v/v) ethanol were coated onto rice straw papers at concentration of 10, 15 and 20 % (w/v). The coated papers had similar thickness, and slightly lower tensile index and brightness as compared to those of control papers. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the changes of surface and cross-section structures of coated and uncoated papers. The rice straw coated papers had relatively greater barrier property to prevent water absorption. In addition, the coated papers with pomelo peel extract showed significant antibacterial activity against food pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. This study reveals the benefits of natural by-products as a potential material for active packaging.
Determination of Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Composite in Mode I Using Numerical Simulation with Cohesive Elements
Authors: Sedlacek Frantisek , Kalina Tomas , Raz Karel
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with the determination of parameters of the interlaminar failure of the CFRP composite laminate in mode I using numerical simulation with cohesive elements. Knowledge of these parameters is crucial to enable prediction of interlaminar strength of laminates using numerical simulations based on the finite element method with cohesive elements. There are several standardized experimental measurements for determining mode I parameters but not all that are needed for numerical simulations. However, the determination of these parameters and their evolution during cohesive failure is very problematic even if the experimental data is available. This paper deals with the design of a methodology for how to determine these parameters using the fitting process of experimental measurement and numerical simulation. The experimental measurements were done on double cantilever beam specimens according to ASTM standards. The numerical simulations were performed in the Siemens Simcenter software with NX Nastran solver. The numerical model with the obtained parameters shows very good agreement with the experimental measurements. compared to the average experimental values and the analytical calculation, the difference of fracture toughness is up to 1.6 %
Design of Injection Mold from Plastic Material
Authors: Chval Zdenek , Raz Karel , Sedlacek Frantisek
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with the use of plastics for making injection molds. Mold production times reduced by 90% and costs cut by up to 75% are some of the benefits of prototype molds from plastic materials. Today, materials with melt temperatures above 300 °C are used for plastic molds. They include ABS, PE, PP and PA. In this study, testing of high-temperature resin from Formlabs was performed. Compression and tensile test data are compared with the datasheet values and with virtual simulations. The tests were carried out at different temperatures. Based on their results, one can identify a suitable molding process with molds from this material.
Research on Rapid Detection Technology and Application of Mortar Compressive Strength Based on Neural Network
Authors: Lin Yue Zhong , Li Xiao Min , Li Yong Qian
Published: June 2020

Since the rapid development of the construction industry, the production of construction waste has also multiplied, and the construction waste has caused tremendous pressure on the environment. Therefore, the main research of this subject is that the waste concrete is formed into a recycled material after a certain treatment--concrete powder. And the cement in the dry-mixed mortar is replaced by 0-30% concrete powder. The compressive strength of recycled concrete powder under different dosages was tested by experimental method. The compressive strength is then applied to the artificial neural network to establish a predictive model. Taking time as a variable, the feasibility and the best dosage of the 28-day compressive strength method for the 3d compressive strength during the test are discussed. In order to reduce the test cycle, improve work efficiency, and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving construction waste utilization.
Effect of Annealing on the Microstructure and Properties of Drawn Cu-14Fe-0.05C Alloy
Authors: Guo Wei , Lu De Ping , Jiang Jiang , Liu Ke Ming
Published: June 2020

Cu-14Fe-0.05C alloy was prepared by using the vacuum melting process and then multipass drawing deformation was performed. After that, the alloy in the as-drawn state was annealed. Based on this, the influence of annealing temperature on microstructure, mechanical performance and electrical conductivity of the alloy was studied. The results showed that the speed of recovery and recrystallization of the as-drawn Cu-14Fe-0.05C alloy accelerates and iron-rich fibers gradually become slender, bend and fracture, with the increase of annealing temperature. The tensile strength of the alloy constantly decreases, while elongation continuously rises and resistivity gradually reduces. With the extension of annealing time, tensile strength and resistivity of the Cu-14Fe-0.05C alloy gradually decreases, while elongation gradually increases.
Physical Modeling and Simulation of the Cooling-Down of Fused-Cast Refractories
Authors: Wang Run Feng , Huang Ao , Huo Yan Zhu , Mei Li Jun , Rao Hong Jin , Shi Bei
Published: June 2020

The accurate description of the interfacial heat transfer coefficient is of great significance for the accurate measurement of the temperature field in the process of casting cooling. In this paper, the solidification process of metallic tin in refractory mould was studied by physical simulation experiment, and the on-site temperature measurement of the mold structure was carried out. According to the temperature record, the numerical simulation method is used to realize the fitting of the calculated temperature and the measured temperature. The reversible method was used to calculate the interfacial heat transfer coefficient between the casting and the mould, and then the evolution of the internal temperature field of the casting during the cooling process was determined. The results show that the melt has a large shrinkage during the cooling process, and the interface heat transfer coefficient can reach 300 W·m-2·K-1, which provides a mathematical model for the annealing process of fused-cast refractories.
Activation of the Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond [100] by Hydrogen Atoms and Hydroxyl Groups
Authors: Jian Xiao Gang , Hu Ji Bo , Huang Xin , Yang Pei Kang , Wang Jun Peng
Published: June 2020

The process of producing active vacancies on a hydrogen-terminated diamond surface is the most important rate-limiting stage in CH4/H2 and CH4/H2/CO2 atmospheres. Hydrogen atom and the hydroxyl group can bone to the hydrogen atom on the diamond surface and create an active vacancy. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to study the extraction reaction by two reactants both hydrogen atom and the hydroxyl group. The result indicated that the hydroxyl group could reduce the energy required for diamond surface activation. What is more, the activation rate of the surface by the hydroxyl group was livelier at low temperature, while the activation rate of the hydrogen atom predicts on the contrary. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectra demonstrated that the introduction of CO2 in the CH4/H2 atmosphere could reduce the deposition temperature and raise the deposition rate at low temperature.
Kinetics of Magnesium Removal from Garnierite by Carbothermal Reduction in Vacuum
Authors: Gu Xu Peng , Zhang Xiao Pan , Qu Tao , Luo Ming Yang , Shi Lei , Lv Fei , Tian Yuan , Du Hao
Published: June 2020

The removal of magnesium from garnierite in Yuanjiang area of Yunnan was performed by carbothermal reduction in vacuum. The effects of reduction temperature and reduction time on the removal rate of magnesium were investigated. The kinetics of the removal of magnesium by carbothermal reduction in vacuum was studied. The thermodynamic calculation results show that it is feasible to remove magnesium from garnierite by carbothermal reduction in vacuum. The experimental results show that the removal rate of magnesium in garnierite can reach 93.23% under the conditions of 1823K for 120min. The reduction process conforms to the chemical reaction kinetics model, which indicated that the reduction process is controlled by chemical reaction and whose expression is 1-(1-α)1/3=(-22850.1/T+2.6296) t, the apparent activation energy (Ea) and the pre-exponential factor (A) are 189.97 kJ/mol and 13.87 s-1, respectively. The results of XRD and SEM analysis show that the condensate obtained by carbothermal reduction in vacuum of the garnierite is magnesium, which is mainly obtained by the reduction reaction between magnesium silicate produced by the decomposition of serpentine in minerals and coal. At the same time, it is proved that it is feasible to directly extract magnesium metal from the garnierite.
Study on Preparation and Properties of Resource-Saving Nitrogenous Stainless Steel
Authors: Liu Qing Bao , Hu Zhi You , Liu Xiang Jun , Yang Chang Qiao
Published: June 2020

In order to alleviate the shortage of global nickel resources, it is imperative to develop low nickel stainless steel. This paper presents a novel approach based on increasing nitrogen and reducing nickel for smelting economical stainless steel. Taking 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel as the object, the test steels with different nitrogen and nickel content were smelted using vacuum induction furnace (ZG-0.01) under the laboratory conditions, and the effects of alloy content on microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion properties of the economical stainless steel were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the tested steel which nitrogen content 0~0.28% and nickel content 5.98~9.63% is still the single austenitic, and the grain size decreases as the nitrogen content increases. Nitrogen deteriorates the impact toughness of the tested steel, and the room temperature impact absorption energy is reduced from 267 J at the nitrogen content of 0 to 228 J at nitrogen content of 0.28%. Rockwell hardness, tensile strength and yield strength increase with the increase of nitrogen content. When the nitrogen content is 0.28%, the optimum mechanical properties of 06Cr19Ni10 steel are obtained. The Rockwell hardness is 95.4 HRB, the tensile strength is 814 MPa, the yield strength is 437 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 52.5%. The degree of intergranular corrosion of the tested steel is reduced significantly with the increase of nitrogen content, from 0.023 μm to 0.008 μm. The experimental data prove that the composition design concept of increasing nitrogen and reducing nickel is feasible for smelting economical stainless steel.
Preparation of Thermosensitive Conducting PANI@P(St-NIPAm) Composite Particles and Conductivity Properties
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Li Meng Hao , Wang Ru Xiu , Song Jia Jia , Wang Bin , Li Xin , Fan Xiu Juan , Liu Ji Guang
Published: June 2020

Thermosensitive conducting composite particles were synthesized using the unsulfonated P(St-NIPAm) as a thermosensitive substrate. A series of characterizations have been performed to study the effects of thermosensitive PANI@poly (St-NIPAm) conductivity performance. Aniline diffused into P(St-NIPAm) particles in solution, and then polyaniline (PANI) was in-situ produced in P(St-NIPAm) particles through oxidation polymerization. The samples showed different particle sizes at different temperatures. The content of conducting polyaniline is dependent on NIPAm feed ratios. The particle electrical conductivity was improved with the increasing NIPAM feed ratios and exhibited thermal responsive electrical conductivity. The thermosensitive conducting composite particles will have wide applications in sensors, for example, they could be used to fabricate smart conductive gel responsive to temperature and moisture.
Study of Electron Beam Pre-Irradiation on Char Yields of Polyacrylonitrile
Authors: Xiao Hai , Miao Pei Kai
Published: June 2020

Thermal treatment of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with different molecular weights pre-irradiated by electron beam was prepared to study the radiation effects on thermal behaviors. Thermal properties were characterized by thermogravimetric analyses. Char yields (800 oC) of PAN samples are increased remarkably with the increase of irradiation dose, and all samples can obtain the similar high char yields (~57 %) at the dose of 300 kGy. FTIR and UV-visible absorption spectra of pre-irradiation PAN illustrate the formation of –HC=N-N=CH-crosslinking conjugation across the polymeric chains, which can improve PAN’s thermal behaviors. Char yields of pre-irradiated PAN samples are mainly dominated by their gel contents, and they are almost independent of the molecular weights of PAN samples.
Comparison and Transmission Studies of Commercial Glass and Laminated Glass with PDLC Film for Heat Resistant and Other Building Structure Applications
Authors: Mangthong Pornnapha , Leowkijsiri Phalatt , Srisittipokakun Nattapon , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: June 2020

The work emphasizes on energy saving in multi-layered glasses. Appropriate multi-layer designing was envisaged with various possibility and measured the transmittance of light in UV-Vis-NIR range. Various glasses were selected to study their transmittance for their specific advantages among each other for designing the multi-layer.Visible region showing higher transmittance revealing that these glasses allows more light in this range. While in the IR region these glasses show less transmittance revealing that these glasses doesn’t transmit much heat, this being the interest of study to stack the glasses for multi-layered glass with smart film then subjected to study their optical behavior and understood their energy saving phenomenon from window 6 program to obtain Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and Light to Solar Gain (LSG) data. Such multi-layered glasses can be used as a database in industrial plants.
Effects of Helium Addition to Ar-Based Shielding Gas on the Lap-Joint Performance of 5052 Aluminum Alloy to Galvanized Steel Sheet during the MIG Weld-Brazing Process
Authors: Lin Hsuan Liang , Chen Hsin Ya , Wang You Jiun
Published: June 2020

In the metal inert gas (MIG) weld-brazing process, the lap-joint welds between 5052 aluminum alloy and automotive galvanized steel sheet were achieved employing an automatic MIG welding machine. The different percentage of helium (He) gas addition to pure argon (Ar) shielding gas was selected to investigate the performance of lap-joint welds such as appearance of weld bead surface, weld bead geometry, microstructure, tensile strength, fracture surface of welds and thickness of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer between the dissimilar materials in the brazing zone. The results showed that the lap-joint welds produced by adding 5% and 10% He gas to Ar shielding gas were provided with better performance of specimens. The average tensile strength of lap-joint welds between 5052 aluminum alloy and automotive galvanized steel sheet is 206.23 MPa. In additions, the amount of porosity in the fusion zone that specimens produced by using 10% He addition to Ar-based shielding gas is less than others. It can be found that the thickness of IMCs layer between the weld bead and automotive galvanized steel sheet from 3.30 μm to 4.90 μm.
Chipping Size Reduction on Ultra-Thin Wafers and Narrow Saw-Streets for Wafer Sawing Process
Authors: Sanamthong Worawich , Chutima Parames
Published: June 2020

Chipping is a big problem when it enters the guard ring or die active area, because the size of chipping is bigger than Defect-Free Zone (DFZ). Thus, the smaller of chipping size, the better the quality, but chipping free is the best [1]. At present, the selling price of semiconductor products (especially on the IC product) is not too expensive as before, while the size of the package is getting smaller and smaller with higher density. Many companies interested in ultra-thin wafers (i.e. very thin wafers having thicknesses less than 100μm [2]). And also interested in increasing die per wafer (DPW) to have a competitive product cost. This increases the difficulty in the wafer sawing process because increasing die per wafer causes a narrow width of the saw-street meaning that the size of DFZ will be very narrow [3]. For the factory in this case study, customers provide the new revision of ultra-thin wafers (50μm) with the width of saw-streets at 60μm. This is narrower than the width of the existing saw-streets (80μm), which means that the current condition of the sawing process might not be suitable for this narrow saw streets of ultra-thin wafers. As a result, the approach to remedy this situation is conducted under the Six Sigma approach.
Finite Element Stress Characterization of Stacked Die Package for Reliability Improvement and Architecture Optimization
Authors: Luh Yuan Ping , Jhang Jia Fu , Wang Huang Li , Yu Fu Haw , Tu Chang Hung
Published: June 2020

Electronic products have been following light, thin, short, small as goals. In recent years, not only do these features have to provide more functionality and reliability. In response to this demand, many new processes such as wafer-level 7 nm euv and electronic packaging solutions have been developed in the market. Stacked wafer technology has been widely used in electronic packaging solutions in a variety of storage devices and electronic products. The accompanying problems and challenges continue to emerge, in which the delamination of the package failure mode leads to the inability of electronic products to operate as the biggest issue. This study is mainly to investigate the thermal stress behavior of the vertical stacking of chip bonds of wafer adhesives to reduce the thickness of the wafer in the stacked wafer structure to Improve package reliability by reducing the amount of deformation Utilize one-half symmetry model and adopt the reflow profile of JESD22-a113 (25 °C ~ 260 °C) As a basis and import into the ansys software for parametric development, Then use the Taguchi experiment method to configure the experimental parameters to explore the optimization parameters. Finally, the experimental results and the delamination results were verified by the Taguchi experiment method, and the stress shrinkage gradient model was introduced to find the next best potential factor for reducing the maximum stress, such as binder material Tg and Young's modulus compensation thermal expansion system. Observe the thermal stress behavior of stacked chips and help provide a reference for providing modified changes during development.
Corrosion of the Materials in the Electrical Connectors
Authors: Zhao Li You , Kong Ze Bin
Published: June 2020

Electrical connector is an important component in electronic system, and its reliability directly affects the reliability of the whole system. Corrosion often occurs in the use of electrical connectors and leads to failure. This paper summarizes the corrosion failure analysis process of three kinds of connectors. The failure types include fluorine corrosion, electrolytic corrosion and sweat corrosion. The quality assurance measures of Anticorrosion for electrical connectors are expounded.
Double Perovskite Bi2FeCrO6 Thin Films for Photovoltaics
Authors: Meng De Huan , Bai Fei Ming
Published: June 2020

High-quality BFCO films with smooth morphology were deposited on (001)-oriented single crystal substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. The perfect ferroelectric nature of the BFCO films were probed by PFM and electrical P-E hysteresis measurements and the obtained saturated remeanent polarization value reaches up to 60 μC/cm2. Besides, BFCO films show relatively low bandgap of 2.5 eV, can absorb the sunlight and convert the solar energy to electrically energy effectively. A photocurrent of 1.2 mA/cm2 and an open-circuit voltage of about 0.53 V were obtained under AM1.5G illumination. The results mainfest the BFCO a potiential material for multifunctional devices, especially for photovoltaics.
Enhancing Mechanical Performance of Bagasse Fiber-Epoxy Composite by Surface Treatment
Authors: Zie Felix Wong Wei , Debnath Sujan , Anwar Mahmood , Abdullah Abdul Hamid
Published: June 2020

Surface treatment is one of the method used to enhance the mechanical performance of natural fiber composite by improving the compatibility of fiber and matrix. Nevertheless, no proof can be shown on which surface treatment is the absolute solution in improving the mechanical properties of natural fiber composite. Different surface treatments might have needed for different kinds of natural fiber composites. In this research work, water, alkaline, permanganate, bleaching and acetylation treatment on bagasse fiber are evaluated and the effect of soaking temperature as well as the effect of fiber loading are investigated. The mechanical performance of bagasse fiber-epoxy composite was studied by carrying out three-point bending test and optical microscopy test. Among 0w/w% and 5w/w% fiber loading, composite with 1w/w% and 2w/w% fiber loading possessed the highest flexural strength and modulus respectively. However, poor wettability between fiber and matrix was observed at higher fiber loading. Water, bleaching, permanganate and acetylation treatment have minor positive effect on the mechanical performance of the composite, yet a great increment in flexural properties of alkali treated fiber composite was noticed such that 21.48% and 23.95% of improvement was made on flexural strength and flexural modulus respectively. Optical microscopy test indicated that alkali treatment is responsible for roughening the fiber surface, and improving the fiber wettability and dispersion. Depend on the surface treatment, effect of soaking temperature may vary. In some treatments, hotter soaking temperature led to faster rate of reaction, which resulted in greater surface roughening and greater cleansing effect. Despite of that, over reaction can be happened in some cases, which will result in lower flexural properties due to over damaged fiber. Hence, it was concluded that the alkaline treatment at room temperature could be the most effective surface treatment to enhance the mechanical performance of bagasse fiber-epoxy composite.
A Comparison on Column Reinforcement with Conventional Concrete and Carbon Fiber / Epoxy Exposed to Compression Loading
Authors: Elaldi Faruk , Ciloglu Batuhan , Yanikkaya Yasin
Published: June 2020

There are lots of concrete columns and beams around in our living cities. Those items are mostly open to aggressively environmental conditions. Mostly, they are deteriorated by sand wind, humidity and other external applications. After a while these beam and columns need to be repaired. Within the scope of this study, for reinforcement of concrete columns, samples were designed and fabricated to be strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced composite materials and conventional concrete encapsulation and followed by, they were put into the axial compression test to determine load carrying performance before column failure. In the first stage of this study, concrete column design and mold designs were completed for a certain load carrying capacity. Later, the columns were exposed to environmental deterioration in order to reduce load carrying capacity. To reinforce these damaged columns, two methods were applied, the one “concrete encapsulation” and the other one “wrapping with carbon fiber /epoxy” material. In the second stage of the study, the reinforced columns were applied to axial compression test and the results obtained were analyzed. Cost and load carrying performance comparisons were made and it is found that even though carbon fiber/epoxy reinforced method is more expensive, this method enhances higher load carrying capacity and reduces reinforcement processing period.
Implementation of the EU ecological flow policy in Italy with a focus on Sardinia
Authors: Moccia Davide , Salvadori Luca , Ferrari Simone , Carucci Alessandra , Pusceddu Antonio
Published: June 2020

River ecosystems are characterised by a naturally high level of hydrodynamic perturbations which create aquatic-terrestrial habitats indispensable for many species, as well as for the human beings' welfare. Environmental degradation and habitat loss caused by increasing anthropogenic pressures and global change affect freshwater aquatic ecosystems worldwide and have caused changes in water flow regimes and channels morphologies. These, in turn, decreased the natural flow capacity and reduced habitat availability, thus causing severe degradation of rivers' ecological integrity. The ecological flow (e-flow) is commonly intended as the quantity, timing, duration, frequency and quality of water flows required to sustain freshwater, estuarine and near‐shore ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well‐being. Maintaining the e-flow represents a potential tool for restoring and managing river ecosystems, to preserve the autochthonous living communities, along with environmental services and cultural/societal values. In the last decade, methods for the determination of the e-flow in European rivers moved from a simply hydrological approach towards establishing a linkage between the hydrological regime and the good ecological status (GES) of the water bodies, as identified by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC). Each Member State is required to implement and integrate into the River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) a methodology for the determination of the e-flow, ensuring that rivers can achieve and maintain the GES. The competent river basin authorities have thus to ascertain whether national methodologies to can be applied to different river typologies and basin environment characteristics. In this context, we narratively review the e-flow assessments in the heterogeneous Italian territory, in particular on a water scant region such as Sardinia, by analysing laws, guidelines and focusing on study cases conducted with micro and meso-scale hydraulic-habitat approaches. In the sight of a more ecological-based application of national e-flow policy, we suggest that meso-habitat methods provide a valuable tool to overcome several limitations of current e-flow implementation in the Italian territory. However, to face future challenges, such as climate change adaptation, we stress the need for further experimental studies to update water management plans with greater attention for nature conservation.
Metodologia clinica oggi nel paziente internistico complesso
Authors: Nardi Guest Editors: R. , Gnerre P. , Fontanella A. , Manfellotto D.
Published: June 2020

Introduzione alla letturaA. Fontanella, P. Gnerre

Il metodo clinico classico della tradizione italianaI. Portioli

Modelli di ragionamento clinico e strumenti utilizzati nella pratica clinica in ambito internistico ai fini decisionaliP. Gnerre, R. Nardi

I difetti del ragionamento clinico come causa di errori diagnosticiM. La Regina, F. Orlandini

Metodologia clinica e EBM: vantaggi e limiti nel mondo reale dei pazienti complessi - Il mondo realeT.M. Attardo

Metodologia clinica e EBM: vantaggi e limiti nel mondo reale dei pazienti complessi - Trappole e possibili biasM. Cavalleri

Significatività statistica e rilevanza clinicaD. Tirotta

Dalla medicina personalizzata alla medicina di precisioneG. Gensini, N. Scarpa

Una possibile alternativa alle decisioni: il metodo Clinical Multi-criteria Decision Assessment (CMDA)O. Para

Il metodo clinico in condizioni di incertezza: errori, vincoli, esperienza, buon senso e le opinioni del pazienteM.L. Cipollini, E. Romboli

Meta-cognizione e capacità di decision makingF. Gilioli

Complessità, caos e ragionamento clinicoF. Tangianu, S. Corrao, A. Mazzone, P. Gnerre, G. Scanelli, M. Gambacorta, D. Tirotta, A. Fontanella, M. Adamo, R. Nardi

Competenza e metodologia in Medicina Interna: quali strumenti di valutazione delle capacità di ragionamento clinico? Prima ParteF. Tangianu, A. Mazzone, G. Pinna, G. Chesi, P. Gnerre, F. Berti, M. Stornello, C. Nozzoli, S. Corrao, M. Silingardi, G. Mathieu, A. Fontanella, D. Borioni, R. Nardi

Competenza e metodologia in Medicina Interna: quali strumenti di valutazione delle capacità di ragionamento clinico? Seconda ParteF. Tangianu, A. Mazzone, G. Pinna, G. Chesi, P. Gnerre, F. Berti, M. Stornello, C. Nozzoli, S. Corrao, M. Silingardi, G. Mathieu, A. Fontanella, D. Borioni, R. Nardi

La semeiotica medica: presente e futuroF. Cipollini
Perception, magnitude, and implications of cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Gupta Alok , Hussain Shaik Maheboob , Nayyar Harleen Kumar , Sonthwal Neha , Manaktala Radhika , Chaturvedi Harit
Published: June 2020

Background:

We have analyzed perceptions, magnitude, interventions adopted, and overall implications of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in breast cancer survivors (BCSs).

Methodology:

BCSs who attended follow-up clinic at our institute between January and June 2018 were asked to fill a questionnaire focused on assessing an individual's perception, severity, potential causes, implications on quality of life, and measures taken to deal with CRF.

Results:

Sixty-five patients were included. Fifty-four (83%) had undergone surgery, 59 (91%) chemotherapy, 43 (66%) radiation therapy, and 36 (55%) hormonal/targeted therapy. Sixty-two (95%) patients experienced any grade CRF. Fifty-five (85%) patients experienced moderate to severe CRF affecting work (58%) and activities of daily living (27%). CRF was perceived as generalized weakness by 54 (83%) patients, diminished concentration/attention span by 24 (37%) patients, decreased motivation and interest in usual activities by 29 (45%) patients, and emotional labiality by 16 (25%) patients. Fifty-six patients (86%) believed that fatigue was due to the effect of cancer treatment on the body, while only 8 (12%) attributed it to underlying cancer. CRF had negative impact on mood, daily activities, interpersonal relationships, and professional work in 40 (62%), 39 (60%), 13 (20%), and 10 (15%) patients, respectively. Measures taken to overcome CRF were increased physical exercise, psychosocial interventions, mind–body interventions, and pharmacological interventions in 32 (49%), 8 (12%), 28 (43), and 17 (26%) patients, respectively. Thirty-nine (60%) patients reported persistence of CRF after completion of treatment while it took up to 6 months, 6–12 months, and more than 12 months for resolution of CRF in 13, 10, and 3 patients, respectively.

Conclusion:

Development and persistence of CRF remains a major health concern, and current interventions are not able to mitigate this problem. Further research in this field is warranted.
Trastuzumab and thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Sánchez-Bayona Rodrigo , Garcia del Barrio Maria Angeles , Alegre Estibaliz , Fernandez-Hidalgo Oscar A. , Eslava Marta Santisteban
Published: June 2020

The incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders is higher among women with breast cancer (BC) than in other solid malignancies, while it has not a prognostic impact. Trastuzumab (T) is a humanized monoclonal antibody approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BC in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic scenarios. Since 2014, subcutaneous (SC) T has been employed with the same efficacy as the intravenous formulation together with an easier way of administration. To date, autoimmune thyroiditis has been linked rarely to the use of intravenous T, and no cases have been related to the SC presentation. We report two cases of HER2-positive early BC patients who developed hypothyroidism during maintenance therapy with SC T that required levothyroxine supplementation. SC T includes recombinant human hyaluronidase to facilitate tissue penetration of the drug. This enzyme may alter the thyroid gland stroma and facilitate the development of thyroid disorders. Thyroid function tests are recommended in patients on SC T.
Morphology and morphogenesis of a Chinese population of a soil urostylid ciliate, Extraholosticha sylvatica (Foissner, 1982) Li et al., 2017 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)
Authors: Li Jingbao , Wen Keqing , Zhu Erkang , Wang Jingyi
Published: June 2020

A soil urostylid ciliate Extraholosticha sylvatica, isolated from southern China, is studied using live observation and protargol impregnation. The main ontogenetic features of E. sylvatica are as follows: (a) in the proter, only the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed, while the anterior portion is retained; undulating membranes anlage undergo, like most hypotrichs, depolymerization of old undulating membranes and differentiation of new structures; (b) the oral primordium in the opisthe and the frontoventraltransverse cirral anlagen in both daughter cells are formed with contribution of the parental midventral cirri; (c) three frontal, one buccal, three to five frontoventral, one or two frontoterminal, two or three pretransverse ventral and six to 11 transverse cirri and 16–22 midventral pairs are generated from frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen; (d) in both the left and the right marginal rows as well as the dorsal kineties, each two anlagen are formed intrakinetally; three to six caudal cirri are formed at the posterior end of the 5th dorsal kinety anlage; (e) the macronuclear nodules fuse into a single mass during the process.
Growth Rate Modulation Enables Coexistence in a Competitive Exclusion Scenario Between Microbial Eukaryotes
Authors: Ribeiro Giulia M. , Prado Paulo Inácio , Coutinho Renato Mendes , Rillo Marina Costa , Pereira Junior Samuel , Porfirio-Sousa Alfredo L. , Lahr Daniel J. G.
Published: June 2020

Coexistence usually are exceeding the explicable rate by competitive exclusion principle. Since the pioneer Gause, many studies have used protist microcosm systems to study competitive exclusion. We explored a two-species system with the testate-amoebae: (Arcella intermedia and Pyxidicula operculata), where competitive exclusion is expected to occur. We determined their growth curves individually and under competitive interaction. We used a state-space model to represent system dynamics and calculated posterior population sizes simulating competition dynamics. Contrarily to our expectation, Arcella and Pyxidicula showed similar growth rates (1.37 and 1.46 days–1 respectively) and only different carrying capacity (1,997 and 25,108 cells cm–2 respectively). The maximum number of cells of both species when growing in competition was much lower if compared to the monospecific cultures (in average, 73% and 80% less for Arcella and Pyxidicula respectively). However, our competition experiments always resulted in coexistence. According to the models, the drop in growth rates and stochasticity mainly explains our coexistence results. We propose that a context of ephemeral resources can explain these results. Additionally, we propose generating factors of stochasticity as intraspecific variation, small population effects, toxicity of waste products and influence of the bacterial community.
Intronizacja Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego i jej znaczenie teologiczne
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: June 2020

Enthronement of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and its theological meaning

The goal of theology is to present, among others, the adequate explanation for the Christian piety. For that reason the attempt is made to define specificity of the acts of offering, dedication and enthronement to which we are encouraged within the cult of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. It seems that with its internal logic they are the closest to the religious vows themselves traditional religious acts. The believer takes up through them in front of God his or her personal commitment to follow particular behaviour, involving certain good. In above acts point is to create a similar effect. Placing the above acts in that perspective brings about a deeply religious meaning and additionally shows that they can profoundly contribute to the building of the integrity of the believer.
Zadaniem teologii jest m.in. dostarczanie odpowiednich uzasadnień dla tego, czym żyje pobożność chrześcijańska. Z tej racji podejmujemy próbę określenia specyfiki aktów oddania, poświęcenia i intronizacji, do których zachęca się w ramach kultu Najświętszego Serca Jezusa. Wydaje się, iż swoją logiką wewnętrzną są one najbliższe ślubom ależącym do tradycyjnych aktów religijnych. Wierzący podejmuje w nich wobec Boga osobiste zobowiązanie do spełnienia określonego działania, którego przedmiotem jest jakieś dobro. W wymienionych aktach chodzi o podobne działanie. Usytuowanie w tej perspektywie wymienionych aktów nadaje im znaczącą nośność religijną, a tym samym pokazuje, że mogą one rzeczywiście przyczyniać się do integracji religijnej wierzącego.
Wyzwania moralne duchowości Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego
Authors: Derdziuk Andrzej
Published: June 2020

Moral challenges of the spirituality of the Sacred Heart of Jesus

Every Christian cult has liturgical and existential dimension. Cult of the Sacred Heart of Jesus significantly affects one’s moral conduct. Honoring Sacred Heart leads to knowing and following the moral attitude of Jesus Christ. Among the most characteristic elements of such attitude are for example self-sacrifice and reparation to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and contemplative adoration. Following Jesus Christ human being finds in Him not only the ideal and model of theological and moral virtues but also source and encouragement to its fulfillment.

Każdy kult chrześcijański posiada wymiar liturgiczny i egzystencjalny. Kult Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego także znacząco wpływa na postępowanie moralne człowieka. Oddawanie czci Bożemu Sercu prowadzi do poznania i naśladowania postawy moralnej Jezusa Chrystusa. Do najbardziej charakterystycznych elementów tej postawy należą: poświęcenie się i wynagrodzenie Sercu Jezusa oraz kontemplacyjna adoracja. Naśladując Jezusa Chrystusa, człowiek odnajduje w Nim nie tylko ideał i wzór cnót teologalnych i moralnych, ale też źródło i zachętę do ich realizacji.
Tożsamość i misja sercanów w polskim Kościele w kontekście jubileuszy związanych z Najświętszym Sercem Jezusa
Authors: Ziemann Eugeniusz
Published: June 2020

The identity and mission of the Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in the Polish Church in the context of jubilees related to the Sacred Heart of Jesus

The year 2020 includes jubilee of two events, namely centenary of the canonisation of Margaret Mary Alacoque and dedication of the Polish nation to the Sacred Heart of Jesus done by the Polish Bishops conference. Both occasions provide the opportunity to present the figure and charism of the holy nun of the visitation and additionally zoom in the identity and mission of the Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. In the article the author undertook the historic and spiritual reflection on the role of Margaret Mary in the growth and propagation within the Church of the devotion to the Sacred Heart and portrayed the apostolic zeal of the Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus on the Polish soil. The Congregation arrived to Poland in 1928 and started the pastoral work based on the charism of Fr. Leon John Dehon and in the spirit of personal revelations that Margaret Mary Alacoque received from Jesus Christ.

Przypadający w 2020 roku jubileusz dwóch wydarzeń: 100-lecie kanonizacji św. Małgorzaty Marii Alacoque oraz poświęcenia narodu polskiego Najświętszemu Sercu Jezusa przez Episkopat Polski, stanowią okazję do przypomnienia sylwetki i charyzmatu świętej wizytki oraz przybliżenia tożsamości i misji księży sercanów. W artykule podjęto historyczno-duchową refleksję nad rolą św. Małgorzaty Marii Alacoque w rozwoju i szerzeniu pobożności do Serca Jezusa w Kościele, a także ukazano zaangażowanie apostolskie na ziemiach polskich Zgromadzenia Księży Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego, które przybyło do Polski w 1928 roku, by prowadzić działalność w oparciu o charyzmat o. Leona Jana Dehona, a także w duchu objawień Pana Jezusa świętej wizytce.
Głoszenie słowa Bożego misją prezbitera
Authors: Galanciak Dawid
Published: June 2020

Preaching the Word of God as the mission of a presbyter

Preaching the Word of God is the fundamental role of the Church. This duty is included in the mission of a priest who as the servant of the Word of God is the first person to accept It, believe in It and live according to It. He is also responsible for announcing It and being Its minister. The Word of God is the source of the formation of the priesthood, while the priest himself is the God’s voice and the servant of His words. Preaching the Word of God is one of the pillars of the priestly service as well as the priority of the priest’s mission and the soul of the priestly apostolate. The surface to carry out these tasks is the new evangelisation, school and parish catechesis.

Głoszenie słowa Bożego jest fundamentalnym zadaniem Kościoła. Obowiązek ten wpisany jest w misję kapłana, który jako sługa Słowa jest pierwszym, który słowo Boże: przyjmuje, wierzy i żyje nim, zwiastuje i jest jego szafarzem. Słowo Boże stanowi źródło kapłańskiej formacji, sam zaś kapłan jest głosem Boga i sługą Jego słów. Głoszenie słowa Bożego jest jednym z filarów kapłańskiej służby, a zarazem priorytetem misji kapłana i duszą kapłańskiego apostolatu. Płaszczyzną do realizacji tych zadań jest nowa ewangelizacja oraz katecheza szkolna i parafialna.
Ojciec Leon Dehon i szkoła świętości
Authors: Grzejda Łukasz
Published: June 2020

Fr. Leon Dehon and school of holiness

Care for the upbringing of youth has always been a key issue. For people to survive in the world, they need to constantly develop. The inclination to invest in oneself coincides at the same time with the commitment in the field of education and upbringing. The inter-generational co-operation creates an adequate potential, which serves the whole society. One of those who devoted themselves to pedagogical activity was Father Leon Dehon. He, due to social and cultural circumstances, as well as motivated to confide in the Heart of Jesus brought forth by his faith, organised an educational apostolate in Saint-Quentin. Considering the difficult times in which he lived, he undertook with courage initiatives that particularly influenced the shaping of new social, cultural and religious order. Thanks to his education and good interpersonal skills he established a school which trained France’s future social elites, as well as gave rise to a new religious congregation, organising mainly priestly formation. The aim of this article is to present a model of ehonian education, which gave a new impulse to both the ecclesial environment and the working-class society of the 19th-century France. Due to the fruitfulness of his work, which promulgated an ideal of charity and social equality, today we also want to peruse the treasures of Father Dehon’s experiences. An attempt to invoke his thought allows us to rediscover the contemporary demand for education and formation aiming to guide humanity to holiness.

Troska o wychowanie młodego pokolenia jest zawsze sprawą kluczową. Aby człowiek mógł przetrwać w świecie, potrzebuje nieustannie się rozwijać. Chęć inwestowania w siebie jednocześnie pokrywa się z zaangażowaniem na polu edukacji i wychowania. Współpraca międzypokoleniowa wytwarza bowiem odpowiedni potencjał, który służy całemu społeczeństwu. Działalnością pedagogiczną na różnych szczeblach przestrzeni edukacyjnej zajmował się o. Leon Dehon. On to w wyniku okoliczności społecznych i kulturowych oraz za przyczyną zawierzenia Sercu Jezusa wynikającego z łaski wiary zorganizował w Saint-Quentin apostolat wychowawczy. Biorąc pod uwagę trudne czasy, w których żył, z odwagą podejmował inicjatywy, które miały szczególny wpływ na ukształtowanie się nowego porządku społecznego, kulturalnego i religijnego. Dzięki swojemu wykształceniu i dobrym relacjom interpersonalnym założył szkołę, w której kształciły się przyszłe elity społeczne Francji, oraz dał początek nowemu zgromadzeniu zakonnemu organizującemu głównie formację kapłańską. Celem tego artykułu jest przedstawienie modelu dehoniańskiej pedagogiki, która dała nowy impuls zarówno środowisku kościelnemu, jak i robotniczej społeczności francuskiej żyjącej w XIX wieku. Ze względu na owocność tego dzieła, które propagowało ideał miłości i sprawiedliwości społecznej, również dziś warto czerpać ze skarbca doświadczeń o. Leona Dehona. Próba odwołania się do jego myśli pozwala odnaleźć współczesne zapotrzebowanie na wychowanie i formację mające na celu prowadzenie człowieka ku świętości.