bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality Trends in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease over 2001 to 2011: A Public Health Point of View of the Burden
Authors: Doucet Mariève , Rochette Louis , Hamel Denis
Published: July 2016

Background. An increase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence was reported in Canada despite the decline of the main risk factor.Objectives. To estimate incidence, prevalence, and mortality of COPD from 2001 to 2011 and establish the COPD burden by the evaluation of the age-period-cohort effects on incidence trends and the comorbidities prevalence estimations.Methods. A retrospective population-based cohort was built using Quebec health administrative data. Change in trends was measured by relative percentage of changes and by joinpoint regression. After a descriptive analysis of the trends, an age-period-cohort analysis was performed on incidence rates.Results. Overall increase in prevalence along with a decrease of incidence and all-cause mortality was observed. Over time, all age-standardized trends were higher in men than women. Despite higher rates, the number of incident and prevalent cases in women exceeds men since 2004. The curve analysis by age groups showed over time a downshift for both sexes in incidence and all-cause mortality. Further analysis showed the presence of a cohort effect in women.Conclusion. The burden of COPD has risen over time. Women younger than 65 years old have been identified as at-risk group for healthcare planning.
Cognitive Performance during a 24-Hour Cold Exposure Survival Simulation
Authors: Taber Michael J. , Hartley Geoffrey L. , McGarr Gregory W. , Zaharieva Dessi , Basset Fabien A. , Hynes Zach , Haman Francois , Pinet Bernard M. , DuCharme Michel B. , Cheung Stephen S.
Published: July 2016

Survivor of a ship ground in polar regions may have to wait more than five days before being rescued. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore cognitive performance during prolonged cold exposure. Core temperature (Tc) and cognitive test battery (CTB) performance data were collected from eight participants during 24 hours of cold exposure (7.5°C ambient air temperature). Participants (recruited from those who have regular occupational exposure to cold) were instructed that they could freely engage in minimal exercise that was perceived to maintaining a tolerable level of thermal comfort. Despite the active engagement, test conditions were sufficient to significantly decreaseTcafter exposure and to eliminate the typical 0.5–1.0°C circadian rise and drop in core temperature throughout a 24 h cycle. Results showed minimal changes in CTB performance regardless of exposure time. Based on the results, it is recommended that survivors who are waiting for rescue should be encouraged to engage in mild physical activity, which could have the benefit of maintaining metabolic heat production, improve motivation, and act as a distractor from cold discomfort. This recommendation should be taken into consideration during future research and when considering guidelines for mandatory survival equipment regarding cognitive performance.
Bilateral Orchidopexy in a Hypochondriacal (Somatic Symptom Disorder) Patient and Determination of Fitness for Bilateral Orchidectomy
Authors: Nwaopara A. U. , Allagoa Erefagha Leonardo P.
Published: July 2016

Introduction.DSM-5 identifies two disorders: somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder, to replace hypochondriasis in DSM-IV. Patients with both disorders are intensely anxious about the possibility of an undiagnosed illness or devote excessive time and energy to health concerns and are not easily reassured. Both disorders cause considerable distress and life disruption, even at moderate levels. However, hypochondriasis (DSM-IV) is an indication for neither orchidopexy nor orchidectomy. This is the rationale for this report which is the first of its kind to the best of available literature. This is an original case report of interest to a particular clinical specialty of mental health but it will have a broader clinical impact across medicine.Case Presentation. A 30-year-old black male presented to a primary care clinic with multiple internet searches on the topic of testicular pain and its differential diagnosis. He had a bilateral orchidopexy for a suspected torsion. He was referred to mental health unit, to determine fitness for further surgery.Conclusions. If hypochondriasis is suspected in a medical or surgical inpatient, a psychological medicine consultation should be performed, to elucidate the diagnosis, to avoid unnecessary procedures, and to optimize patient’s care.
Etodolac Containing Topical Niosomal Gel: Formulation Development and Evaluation
Authors: Shilakari Asthana Gyati , Asthana Abhay , Singh Davinder , Sharma Parveen Kumar
Published: July 2016

The present study aimed to investigate the delivery potential of Etodolac (ETD) containing topical niosomal gel. Niosomal formulations were prepared by thin film hydration method at various ratios of cholesterol and Span 60 and were evaluated with respect to particle size, shape, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro characteristics. Dicetyl phosphate (DCP) was also added in the niosomal formulation. Mean particle size of niosomal formulation was found to be in the range of 2 μm to 4 μm. Niosomal formulation N2 (1 : 1) ratio of cholesterol and surfactant displayed good entrapment efficiency (96.72%). TEM analyses showed that niosomal formulation was spherical in shape. Niosomal formulation (N2) displayed high percentage of drug release after 24 h (94.91) at (1 : 1) ratio of cholesterol : surfactant. Further selected niosomal formulation was used to formulate topical gel and was characterized with respect to its various parameters such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, ex vivo study, and in vivo potential permeation. Ex vivo study showed that niosomal gel possessed better skin permeation study than the plain topical gel. Further in vivo study revealed good inhibition of inflammation in case of topical niosomal gel than plain gel and niosomal formulation. The present study suggested that topical niosomal gel formulations provide sustained and prolonged delivery of drug.
Procedure-Related Fetal Loss following Chorionic Villus Sampling after First-Trimester Aneuploidy Screening
Authors: Wah Yi Man , Leung Tak Yeung , Cheng Yvonne Kwun Yue , Sahota Daljit Singh
Published: July 2016

Objective: The aim was to determine the institutional procedure-related fetal loss rate after chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and the factors which may identify pregnancies at increased risk of having a procedure-related loss. Materials and Methods: Pregnancy outcomes were retrieved of all women having a singleton pregnancy and undergoing a CVS procedure between 2004 and 2013 at a university hospital in Hong Kong. The incidence of procedure-related fetal loss due to unintended miscarriages adjusted for the background loss incidence of miscarriages was determined. Multivariate regression was performed to examine the factors contributing to an unintended fetal loss and miscarriage. Results: CVS was performed on 1,906 fetuses. The procedure-related fetal loss rate was 0.17% (95% CI -0.2 to 0.7). After multivariate analysis, a decreased plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) multiple of the median (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.08-0.98, p = 0.046) was significantly associated with miscarriage in women who did not undergo a CVS. Patient-specific prediction of spontaneous abortion in women who did not undergo CVS was not statistically significant (AUC 0.56; 95% CI 0.49-0.6, p = 0.14). Conclusions: The CVS-related fetal loss rate adjusted for background loss was 0.17%. Pregnancies with reduced PAPP-A carry an increased risk of miscarriage irrespective of whether they had undergone an invasive procedure.
Leadership, Equality & Democracy
Authors: Keohane Nannerl O.
Published: July 2016

The goal of this essay is to clarify the relationship between leadership and equality as two essential constitutive factors of a democratic political system. The essay is motivated by concern about increasing inequalities in the political system of the United States and other countries that describe themselves as democracies. The first section notes the logical tension between leadership and equality, and spells out my understanding of the key terms I use in this essay. I show how the tension between leadership and equality poses a conundrum for democratic governance. Yet the crux of my argument is that profound socioeconomic inequalities pose the more basic threat. I identify disparities in power, as distinct from leadership, as the root of the problem here.

Leadership and power are often conflated. Eliding the differences between the two impedes our understanding of the dilemmas we face. The classical answer to concerns about the abuse of power is to establish institutional constraints on political leadership. Yet good leadership is essential in solving the problems we confront. Because leaders can take significant steps to reduce inequality, leadership and equality are not always in tension. If we are to emerge from our current malaise, we must recognize and draw upon the positive contributions of leadership to efficacious democratic governance.
Tabanidae (Diptera) of the American Museum of Natural History Collection
Authors: HENRIQUES AUGUSTO LOUREIRO
Published: July 2016

A checklist of Tabanidae in the American Museum of Natural History was compiled. Over 9,000 specimens were studied. The currently accepted taxa names have been listed based on general catalogs and recent publications. Where possible, modern locality names are given and determiners of each species are provided. A total of 882 species are listed in alphabetical order; including 52 primary and 219 secondary types. The collection includes a substantial global representation of species records for this family.
New replacement name Kuznetsoviella (Ostracoda): a correction
Authors: DOWELD ALEXANDER B.
Published: July 2016

Recently it was found (Doweld 2016) that the generic name Aenigma Kuznetsova (1957: 68; type species A. jucunda Kuznetsova, by original designation) of fossil Ostracoda from the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) of Tegchaj, North-Eastern Azerbaijan, former USSR (Transcaucasia), is already preoccupied by a marine gastropod molluscan generic name Aenigma Newman (1836: 499), which is in active current use in zoology (Coleoptera: Carabidae), along with a few other known homonyms, Aenigma Amsel (1956: 288) [Lepidoptera], Aenigma Koch (in Martini & Chemnitz 1846: 1, unpaginated) [Mollusca], Aenigma Karsch (1878: 825) [Arachnida], Aenigma Strecker (1876: 122) [Lepidoptera]. Therefore, a new replacement name was proposed, Kuznetsovia Doweld (2016: 68). However, it was overlooked that this generic name is already preoccupied by Kuznetsovia Kammerer (2006: 269) [Arthropoda], escaped from Nomenclator Zoologicus and Zoobank. In this connection, to resolve unexpected homonymy with an arthropod generic name, in accordance with article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), a new replacement name is proposed for the fossil Ostracoda genus:
2. The Environment in Disguise: Insurgency and Digital Media in the Southern Cone
Authors: Melián Virginia
Published: July 2016

This chapter analyzes how environmental activists used digital media to formulate, disseminate and organize an environmental protest action against the construction of pulp mills on the banks of the Uruguay River and against monoculture forestry in Uruguay. Three different groups, one grassroots organization based in Argentina and two environmental NGOs in Uruguay, led the protests from 2005 until 2009. The chapter traces the differences and commonalities between the NGO activists’ and the grassroots activists’ uses of digital media. NGO activists viewed media practices as a traditional one-way communication from the organization, whereas grassroots activists’ use of digital media was becoming a more personal and social form of communication. Age was an important factor, as older activists did not feel comfortable engaging openly in social media. Both the NGOs and grassroots activists saw the national media as the most powerful vehicle for increasing awareness about the protest because a wider range of people could be reached that way than through online, user-generated media. Given that environmental norms are generally weak in Latin America, the protest groups formulated their arguments in political and economic terms, rather than environmental terms. This “discourse camouflage” was designed to resonate with the priorities of national media.
3. Exploitation or Preservation? Your Choice! Digital Modes of Expressing Perceptions of Nature and the Land
Authors: Cocq Coppélie
Published: July 2016

This chapter presents a case study of two YouTube videos disseminated as part of an activist campaign against mining in Sweden’s Sámi region. The choice of aesthetics, language, and principles of form indicates that the producers designed their videos according to the “media logic” of activist media. Detailed descriptions of the videos demonstrate how elements such as music, images, and narrative structure express, shape, and convey the activists’ message. The videos are used to create a space for marginalized voices and counter discourses, and for diffusion of information. While the videos do not invite dialogue with viewers, they give an illusion of interaction with a call to action: “you” can choose how the narrative will continue, how it will end.
Review of Aerosol–Cloud Interactions: Mechanisms, Significance, and Challenges
Authors: Fan Jiwen , Wang Yuan , Rosenfeld Daniel , Liu Xiaohong
Published: July 2016

Over the past decade, the number of studies that investigate aerosol–cloud interactions has increased considerably. Although tremendous progress has been made to improve the understanding of basic physical mechanisms of aerosol–cloud interactions and reduce their uncertainties in climate forcing, there is still poor understanding of 1) some of the mechanisms that interact with each other over multiple spatial and temporal scales, 2) the feedbacks between microphysical and dynamical processes and between local-scale processes and large-scale circulations, and 3) the significance of cloud–aerosol interactions on weather systems as well as regional and global climate. This review focuses on recent theoretical studies and important mechanisms on aerosol–cloud interactions and discusses the significances of aerosol impacts on radiative forcing and precipitation extremes associated with different cloud systems. The authors summarize the main obstacles preventing the science from making a leap—for example, the lack of concurrent profile measurements of cloud dynamics, microphysics, and aerosols over a wide region on the observation side and the large variability of cloud microphysics parameterizations resulting in a large spread of modeling results on the modeling side. Therefore, large efforts are needed to escalate understanding. Future directions should focus on obtaining concurrent measurements of aerosol properties and cloud microphysical and dynamic properties over a range of temporal and spatial scales collected over typical climate regimes and closure studies, as well as improving understanding and parameterizations of cloud microphysics such as ice nucleation, mixed-phase properties, and hydrometeor size and fall speed.
The Key Role of Diabatic Outflow in Amplifying the Midlatitude Flow: A Representative Case Study of Weather Systems Surrounding Western North Pacific Extratropical Transition
Authors: Grams Christian M. , Archambault Heather M.
Published: July 2016

Recurving tropical cyclones (TCs) undergoing extratropical transition (ET) may substantially modify the large-scale midlatitude flow pattern. This study highlights the role of diabatic outflow in midlatitude flow amplification within the context of a review of the physical and dynamical processes involved in ET. Composite fields of 12 western North Pacific ET cases are used as initial and boundary conditions for high-resolution numerical simulations of the North Pacific–North American sector with and without the TC present. It is demonstrated that a three-stage sequence of diabatic outflow associated with different weather systems is involved in triggering a highly amplified midlatitude flow pattern: 1) preconditioning by a predecessor rain event (PRE), 2) TC–extratropical flow interaction, and 3) downstream flow amplification by a downstream warm conveyor belt (WCB). An ensemble of perturbed simulations demonstrates the robustness of these stages. Beyond earlier studies investigating PREs, recurving TCs, and WCBs individually, here the fact that each impacts the midlatitude flow through a similar sequence of processes surrounding ET is highlighted. Latent heat release in rapidly ascending air leads to a net transport of low-PV air into the upper troposphere. Negative PV advection by the diabatically driven outflow initiates ridge building, accelerates and anchors a midlatitude jet streak, and overall amplifies the upper-level Rossby wave pattern. However, the three weather systems markedly differ in terms of the character of diabatic heating and associated outflow height, with the TC outflow reaching highest and the downstream WCB outflow producing the strongest negative PV anomaly.
Earthquake-faulting-related deformation in soil evidenced in S-wave shallow reflection data: Field results from Portugal
Authors: Carvalho João , Ghose Ranajit , Alves Daniela , Leote Jaime
Published: July 2016

Expressions of ductile, soft-sediment deformations induced by ground movements due to past earthquakes are difficult to recognize in near-surface soils. We have carried out shallow S-wave reflection studies in a seismically active area located northeast of metropolitan Lisbon, Portugal. Identifying shallow disturbed zones and hidden fault segments in this area is important but quite difficult because of small vertical slips due to earthquakes, the Holocene alluvial cover hiding the fault segments, and a high rate of surficial sedimentation. We have performed S-wave reflection profiling at two sites — Vila Franca Xira and Castanheira de Ribatejo. We detected different but interrelated evidence of soft-sediment deformation in the seismic data. This evidence includes sharp lateral changes in the S-wave velocity field; changes in the reflection horizons in stacked sections; aligned diffractions in unmigrated sections; discontinuities in common-offset gathers; and discontinuities, backscattered, and diffracted arrivals in common-source gathers. Though not equally clear everywhere, this evidence is recognizable at many locations where earthquake-motion-induced disturbed zones are interpreted. To confirm these interpretations, we have performed synthetic modeling of a seismic wavefield using the same acquisition geometry as in the field experiments, and with multiple disturbed zones present as vertical emplacements through horizontally lying soil layers. The modeling results resemble the observations in field data. It is possible to confirm the signatures of soft-sediment deformation in the shallow S-wave reflection data. The approach that we used will be useful in many seismically active, soil-covered areas in the world.
Seismic velocity inversion for patchy and homogeneous fluid-distribution conditions in shallow, unconsolidated sands
Authors: Shen Jie , Lorenzo Juan M.
Published: July 2016

Knowledge of homogeneous and heterogeneous fluid-distribution conditions in unconsolidated sediments is important for the selection of remediation techniques for groundwater contamination. However, for unconsolidated sediments, fluid-distribution conditions from laboratory tests on core samples may not be representative of in situ conditions. We have developed a seismic inversion method to determine in situ fluid-distribution conditions that involves inverting experimental seismic P- and S-wave velocities using Hertz-Mindlin and Biot-Gassmann models with different averaging methods (Wood and Hill averages) and different fluid-distribution condition assumptions. This method can determine whether seismic velocity-versus-depth profiles are better explained assuming heterogeneous or homogeneous saturation conditions in shallow ([Formula: see text] depth) unconsolidated sands. During the imbibition and drainage of shallow unconsolidated sands, we have observed nonmonotonic relationships between P-wave velocity and water levels (WLs) as well as an S-wave velocity and WLs that were consistent with other field and laboratory observations. This relationship can be explained by transitions between the lower Wood bound and the higher Hill bound. The transition is possibly caused by the alternation in the size of fluid patches between small and large during the imbibition and drainage. Inverted results can be verified by a good correlation (difference [Formula: see text]) between the inverted and measured water saturation using moisture sensors.
Comparison of two viscoacoustic propagators for Q-compensated reverse time migration
Authors: Guo Peng , McMechan George A. , Guan Huimin
Published: July 2016

Without considering intrinsic attenuation, reverse time migration (RTM) of data from lossy media produces smeared migration images because of the [Formula: see text] effects (amplitude loss and velocity dispersion). To mitigate the [Formula: see text] effects during RTM, amplitudes need to be compensated and the propagation velocity of the compensated wavefield needs to be the same as in the attenuating wavefield. We have compared the decoupled constant [Formula: see text] (DCQ) viscoacoustic equation with the viscoacoustic equation based on the generalized standard linear solids (GSLS), for modeling and for [Formula: see text] compensation. The DCQ propagator separates amplitude loss and velocity dispersion operators; for the GSLS propagator, memory variables are used to introduce the [Formula: see text] effects. Amplitude loss and velocity dispersion are decoupled in the DCQ equation, whereas they are coupled in the GSLS equation. Viscoacoustic modeling by the two viscoacoustic propagators produces visually identical seismograms. To compensate for the [Formula: see text] effects, for the DCQ equation, we reverse the sign of the amplitude loss operator and keep the sign of the velocity dispersion operator unchanged. For the GSLS equation, the sign of the memory variables is reversed. Both approaches can compensate for the amplitude loss. Propagation velocities in the attenuating and [Formula: see text]-compensated wavefields are the same for the DCQ equation and are different for the GSLS equation. The [Formula: see text]-compensated wavefield propagates faster than the attenuating wavefield for the GSLS equation. Viscoacoustic RTM is implemented with the source normalized crosscorrelation imaging condition; the source wavefield is attenuated, and [Formula: see text] compensation is applied during receiver wavefield extrapolation. Results of [Formula: see text]-compensated migration on a three-layer model, a salt model, and the BP 2004 model using the DCQ equation are more consistent with the acoustic (nonviscous) RTM results, but they have a wider wavelet and a different [Formula: see text]-dependent amplitude behavior; there is a phase shift in the migration results when using the GSLS equation.
Impact of peer assessment on student understanding of the assessment process and criteria
Authors: Jones Julie
Published: July 2016

Peer assessment has often been used and examined in relation to student engagement. There is also a place for investigation into the effect it has on students' perception and understanding of the assessment process and criteria used. This small-scale qualitative study indicates that peer assessment can have a beneficial effect on the understanding students have of the assessment process. Larger studies are required to determine whether this is a tool that can be used to improve student assessment outcomes, particularly in relation to students' understanding of the assessment criteria. This also involves them being more aware of what it is like to critically review a piece of work, and so enhance their ability to critically review their own work before submitting. It is has been shown that preparation for the task is of benefit but can be time-consuming. It is necessary to have a team of motivated lecturers who are willing to put in the time and effort to prepare students adequately for peer assessment.
Assessing Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practices of Workers Supporting People With Disabilities: A Validation of the Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes Scale
Authors: Vassos Maria V. , Carroll Michael F.
Published: July 2016

This study conducted an initial psychometric validation of the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scales (EBPAS; Aarons, 2004) with a sample of workers employed in services that offer support to people with disabilities. Workers completed an online survey containing the EBPAS-GEN (a disability services version) and EBPAS-PBS (a version focused on positive behavior support, an evidence-based practice used in disability services). Confirmatory factor analysis, group differences, and internal consistency results support the psychometric soundness of both versions; however, the EBPAS-GEN shows slightly weaker properties. Evidence-based practice is gaining attention in the disability literature, and these findings add to this body of knowledge. These initial findings support the use of both versions of the EBPAS with populations of workers who work within disability services.
Motives and tensions in the release of open educational resources: The UKOER program
Authors: Falconer Isobel , Littlejohn Allison , McGill Lou , Beetham Helen
Published: July 2016

Open educational resources (OER) have been promoted as a path to universal education, supporting economic development and intercultural dialogue. However, to realise these benefits requires greater understanding of the factors that influence both OER supply and use. This paper examines an aspect of the supply side of the OER lifecycle – the motives prompting release – and the resultant tensions in the release process. It draws evidence from a major program of OER release projects (UKOER) funded by the UK government. The paper sets the UKOER program within the global context of OER initiatives. It uses grounded theory to identify five candidate motive types. Then, by mapping the actions evident in the UKOER program against an organisational framework derived from an activity system, it examines tensions or contradictions encountered by the projects, revealing unstated motives. The findings will be of interest to funders, institutions and educators releasing OER as they reveal potential limitations and barriers to realising the benefits of OER.
Hydrogen Adsorption in Carbon Materials
Authors: Dresselhaus M.S. , Williams K.A. , Eklund P.C.
Published: July 2016

Recent reports of very high, reversible adsorption of molecular hydrogen in pure nanotubes, alkali-doped graphite, and pure and alkali-doped graphite nanofibers (GNFs) have aroused tremendous interest in the research community, stimulating much experimental work and many theoretical calculations worldwide. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Plan has seta standard for this discussion by providing a commercially significant benchmark for the amount of reversible hydrogen adsorption. This benchmark requires a system-weight efficiency (the ratio of stored H2 weight to system weight) of 6.5-wt% hydrogen and a volumetric density of 63 kg H2/m. If the encouraging experimental reports (summarized in Table I) are reproducible, it may be possible to reach the goals of the DOE Hydrogen Plan. On the other hand, the community still awaits confirmation of these experimental results by workers in other laboratories. Of additional concern is the fact that theoretical calculations have been unable to identify adsorption mechanisms compatible with the requirements of the DOE Hydrogen Plan.

An economical, safe, hydrogen-storage medium is a critically needed component of a hydrogen-fueled transportation system. Hydrogen storage in a carbon-based material offers further advantages associated with its low mass density. Furthermore, fuel cell technology involving the conversion of hydrogen into protons, or hydrogen and oxygen into electric current, is being vigorously researched for both transportation and small power-plant applications.
SANISAND-Z: zero elastic range sand plasticity model
Authors: Dafalias Y. F. , Taiebat M.
Published: July 2016

The theory of zero purely elastic range in stress space within the framework of bounding surface plasticity is applied to sand constitutive modelling. The yield surface shrinks to zero and becomes identical to the stress point itself, and plastic loading occurs for any direction of the stress ratio rate on which the loading and plastic strain rate directions now depend, rendering the model incrementally non-linear. The simplicity of the conceptual structure of the model is particularly attractive as it consists of only one surface, the bounding/failure surface, and the stress point itself in the stress ratio π-plane. The image stress point on the bounding surface is defined analytically in terms of the direction of the rate of the stress ratio, with the latter being inside, on, or outside the surface, so that the model can address consistently hardening, softening and critical state response. An updating scheme of the initial value of stress ratio at unloading–reloading events is proposed in order to avoid the overshooting phenomenon. The model follows the basic premises of the SANISAND family of models that unify the description for any pressure and density within critical state theory. The simulating capabilities of the model are shown to be comparable with those of classical models with very small yield surfaces, and additional simulations of unorthodox loading paths such as rotational shear are successfully compared with experimental data.
A demonstração das ondas gravitacionais e suas possibilidades de aplicação na área de saúde
Authors: Negreiors Rodrigo Picanço
Published: July 2016

Entrevista realizada no dia 31 de março de 2016, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil.Entrevistado: Rodrigo Picanço NegreirosBolsista de Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq - Nível 2 - CA FA - Física e Astronomia. Possui graduação em Física pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (2004), mestrado em Física pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (2005) e Ph.D. pela San Diego State University/Claremont Graduate University. Atuou como um posdoc no Frankfurt Institute for Advance Studies, na Goethe University, em Frankfurt am Main, Alemanha. Atualmente é professor no Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Suas areas de pesquisam envolvem principalmente física nuclear e estrelas compactas (estrelas de neutrons, estrelas de quarks, pulsares ...), astrofisica relativística, métodos numéricos e física de matéria ultra-densa.Entrevistadores:Dalmo Machado Valério de LimaRN (UFF), MSN (UNIRIO), PhD (USP). Professor Adjunto da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF), do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares (PPGCCV/UFF) e do Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem Assistencial (MPEA/UFF), Editor Chefe do Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing (OBJN), Conselho Concultivo da Associação Brasileira de Editores Cietíficos (ABEC), Líder de Grupo de Pesquisa: Cardiovisão – Núcleo de Cardiointensivismo Baseado em Evidências e Gestão de Informação e Conhecimento em Saúde Jorge Luiz Lima da SilvaRN (UFF), MSN (UNIRIO), Doutor em Ciências área de Saúde Pública (ENSP/FIOCRUZ). Professor Adjunto da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF), Editor Associado do Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing (OBJN), integrante do Grupo de Pesquisa: Trabalho em Turnos e Repercussões na Saúde
Vivência de mulheres no pós-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica: estudo fenomenológico
Authors: Oliveira Deíse Moura de , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa , Kortchmar Estela , Braga Vanessa Augusta , Silva Marcelo Henrique da , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: compreender a vivência de mulheres no pós-operatório da cirurgia   bariátrica.   Método:   estudo   de   natureza   qualitativa fundamentado   na Fenomenologia  Social  de  Alfred  Schütz.  Participaram  do  estudo  oito  mulheres,  cujos depoimentos  foram  obtidos  no  período  de  outubro  a  dezembro  de  2012  por  meio  de entrevista com questões abertas. Resultados: a categoria “Resgate das atividades cotidianas” revela que a cirurgia possibilitou o controle das doenças crônicas associadas à  obesidade,  a  autonomia  para  o  autocuidado  e  atividades  diárias,  o  resgate  da autoestima e a inclusão social. A  categoria “D esafios” evidencia que as mulheres convivem  com  a  necessidade  de  adotar  hábitos  alimentares  saudáveis  capazes  de permitir  o  alcance  e  a  manutenção  do  peso  desejado.  Conclusão:  embora  este  estudo evidencie um ganho na qualidade de vida da mulher bariatrizada, ele também ressalta a necessidade de um cuidado compartilhado e longitudinal junto a essa clientela por uma equipe multiprofissional, em virtude do caráter crônico da obesidade.
Realização de visita técnica na formação de acadêmicos de enfermagem: estudo descritivo
Authors: Badaró Camila da Silva Marques , Fabri Angélica Conceição Oliveira Coelho , Deus Raquel Liquer de , Dutra Herica Silva
Published: July 2016

Objetivo:  identificar,  na  percepção  de  acadêmicos  de  Enfermagem, se  a  realização  de  visitas  técnicas  contribui  para  a  formação  profissional  e  para  o gerenciamento  em  enfermagem.  Método:  estudo  descritivo  cujos  dados  foram  obtidos em  entrevistas  semiestruturadas  com  11  acadêmicos  do  curso  de  graduação  em Enfermagem.   Após   transcrição   das   entrevistas,   utilizou-se   análise   de conteúdo.  Resultados:   a   visita   técnica   é   uma   ferramenta   eficaz   no   processo   de   ensino-aprendizagem da administração em enfermagem, auxilia os acadêmicos na percepção da relação entre a teoria e a prática, proporciona o desenvolvimento de uma visão crítica e reflexiva  sobre  a  realidade  e  favorece  a  percepção  da  relação  entre  gerenciamento  em enfermagem e assistência/cuidado prestado ao paciente. Conclusão: A visita técnica foi considerada  uma  ferramenta  de  ensino  eficaz  para  promover  uma  aproximação  com  a realidade do mercado de trabalho diminuindo as distâncias entre teoria e prática.
Qualidade de vida de pacientes durante terapia antineoplásica: estudo descritivo
Authors: Caetano Joselany Afio , Siqueira Julianna Freitas , Rodrigues Andrea Bezerra , Alves Maria Dalva Santos , Fialho Ana Virgínia Melo , Oliveira Francisca Jane Gomes
Published: July 2016

Objetivo:  avaliar  a  qualidade  de  vida  de  pacientes  oncológicos que utilizam   dispositivo   para   infusão   contínua   de   antineoplásicos. Método:   estudo transversal, realizado em uma operadora de plano de saúde de Fortaleza/CE, em 2013, com 28 pacientes, mediante aplicação do instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida da   Organização   Mundial   da  Saúde   (WHOQOL-bref).   Resultados:   o   domínio   mais comprometido foi satisfação com a saúde, ruim em ambos os ciclos de administração do antineoplásico,  sendo  a  percepção  quanto  à  qualidade  de  vida  considerada  regular.  O domínio de maior média foi o das relações sociais; o de menor média, o psicológico, para ambos os ciclos. Conclusão: é importante conhecer os determinantes que influenciam a qualidade   de   vida   de   pacientes   oncológicos,   permitindo   o   aperfeiçoamento   de intervenções multidisciplinares para melhorar a adaptação à experiência da doença.
Diagnóstico de enfermagem risco de infecção em pacientes no pós-operatório: estudo transversal.
Authors: Botarelli Fabiane Rocha , Queiroz Quéren Jemima Rodrigues , Fernandes Ana Paula Nunes de Lima , Araújo Jéssica Naiara de Medeiros , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antonio , Vitor Allyne Fortes
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: comparar os fatores de risco associados ao diagnóstico de enfermagem risco de infecção em pacientes em pós-operatório segundo a taxonomia da NANDA-I, com fatores presentes nos pacientes com infecção instalada. Método: estudo analítico, transversal, com 80 pacientes no pós-operatório. Resultados: os fatores de risco: defesa primária inadequada (pele rompida e procedimentos invasivos), tabagismo e defesa secundária inadequada pela resposta inflamatória suprimida foram estatisticamente significantes no grupo de pacientes com risco de infecção. No grupo de pacientes com infecção instalada, houve uma associação positiva para: defesa primária inadequada (pele rompida e procedimentos invasivos) e diminuição da hemoglobina. Discussão: Para uma avaliação global dos fatores preditivos de infecção, é necessária uma análise multifatorial integrada que compreenda todo o período perioperatório. Conclusão: Defesa primária inadequada por procedimentos invasivos e por pele rompida, e diminuição da hemoglobina foram fatores associados tanto para o risco como para a presença de infecção.
Grau de estresse entre trabalhadores de estaleiro: estudo seccional
Authors: Lima Silva Jorge Luiz , Soares Rafael da Silva , Teixeira Enéas Rangel , Daher Donizete Vago , Almeida Jones Alberto de , Almeida Jonathan Henrique Anjos de
Published: July 2016

Objetivo:  descrever  o  grau  de  estresse  dos  trabalhadores  de estaleiro,  segundo  as  dimensões  demanda  e  controle.  Método:  pesquisa  descritiva  do tipo  seccional.  Foi  utilizado  questionário  autoaplicado  estruturado.  Demanda  e  controle foram aferidos pela escala adaptada para o português, baseada na versão resumida da Job Stress Scale. Resultados: entre os 114 participantes, apresentaram-se as seguintes pontuações: demanda de 11 pontos, com 63,2% dos trabalhadores abaixo da mediana; e  controle  com  12  pontos,  a  maior  parte  dos  funcionários  com  escores  abaixo  da mediana  (57,9%).  A  maioria  dos  trabalhadores  estava  em  baixa  exigência  (36,8%). Discussão: o ambiente e as relações próprias à atividade do trabalho, de acordo com as condições  em  que  ocorrem,  podem  também  produzir  desgas¬tes  físicos  e  mentais. Conclusão:  a  situação  de  baixa  exigência  oferece  maior  motivação para  criação  e desenvolvimento de comportamentos positivos no trabalho. Alerta-se para a necessidade de desenvolver ações interinstitucionais e multidisciplinares em saúde mental e trabalho.
Eficácia dos testes térmico e elétrico no registro do status pulpar: um estudo in vivo
Authors: Silva Thalita , Brasil Sabrina De Castro , Armada-Dias Luci , Armada Luciana
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia dos testes pulpares térmico e elétrico em registrar o status pulpar. Material e Métodos: Foram testados 30 dentes indicados para tratamento endodôntico e com status pulpar desconhecido. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com a inspeção pulpar direta para a determinação dos números de verdadeiro positivo, falso positivo, verdadeiro negativo e falso negativo. Resultados: A partir dos valores encontrados foram estabelecidos a sensibilidade (0,94), especificidade (elétrico e calor = 0,58 e frio = 0,75), valor preditivo negativo (elétrico e calor = 0,77, frio = 0,85), valor preditivo positivo (elétrico e calor = 0,87, frio = 0,9) e acurácia (80% elétrico e calor e 87% frio) de cada teste. Conclusão: O teste frio apresentou superioridade aos demais testes na maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, sendo considerado o mais eficaz ao avaliar o status pulpar.
Prevalence of oral lesions caused by removable prosthetics
Authors: Filgueiras Andreza Maria De Oliveira , Pereira Helene Santos Carvalho , Ramos Ruth Tramontani , Picciani Bruna Lavinas Sayed , Souza Thays Teixeira de , Izahias Lívia Maria Dos Santos , Silva-Junior Geraldo Oliveira , Cantisano Marília Heffer
Published: July 2016

The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of injuries caused by removable prostheses in patients of clinical specialization in dentistry. Of 598 patients, 175 (29%) had some type of associated injury. The lesions found included erythematous candidiasis, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, inflammatory papillary hyperplasia, traumatic ulcer, angular cheilitis, irritative keratosis, and denture stomatitis. Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was the most prevalent lesion, found in 88 patients (50%), followed by erythematous candidiasis in 75 patients (43%). Of the total number of injured patients, 141 (81%) were women and 34 (19%) were men, and 101 patients (58%) were Caucasian and 37 (21%) were black. Most lesions were located in the upper alveolar ridge and the hard palate. The most widely used type of prosthesis was full upper prosthesis with 84 users (48%). The average usage time for all prostheses was 17 years (SD ± 13). Average patient age was 62 years (SD ± 14). The prevalence of injuries caused by removable prostheses is high, and prolonged use of the device and the presence of oral lesions are strongly associated. Moreover, women represent the largest number of users of the prostheses and therefore carry the majority of the injuries.
Fronteras simbólicas y clases medias. Movilidad social en Chile
Authors: Castillo Mayarí
Published: July 2016

A más de tres décadas de la aplicación de las políticas de ajuste estructural en Chile, las clases medias han aumentado su peso en la estructura social y han cambiado su sector económico, empleo y trayectorias de movilidad social. Este artículo analiza la percepción de las fronteras simbólicas que, emergentes de estos procesos macrosociales, van moldeando las subjetividades de los sujetos pertenecientes a las clases medias en procesos de movilidad social ascendente y se relacionan con las percepciones sobre la desigualdad. Para esto se presenta un análisis cualitativo de casos, en los que destacan componentes discursivos como la meritocracia, el esfuerzo y la idea de “barreras/obstáculos” como ejes discursivos claves. Este artículo se inscribe dentro de los recientes estudios sobre clases medias para el caso chileno, enfocados en los aspectos culturales tras la reproducción de la estratificación y desigualdad en Chile.
Las fronteras de la pobreza en Bogotá
Authors: Uribe Mallarino Consuelo , Jaramillo Marín Jefferson
Published: July 2016

Este artículo propone una perspectiva de análisis sobre la pobreza con un enfoque multidimensional, que la considera no solo como una suma de variables e indicadores, sino que le agrega una estrategia exploratoria sobre cómo se percibe la pobreza entre grupos que reciben o no programas para aliviarla, o usan o no servicios públicos subsidiados. Con base en herramientas cuantitativas y cualitativas aplicadas a información recabada sobre una muestra de residentes de Bogotá, se estudian las maneras en que las fronteras de sentido sobre la pobreza se relacionan con factores objetivos y subjetivos, lo cual implica ser o no usuarios de programas de subsidios, tener una condición socioeconómica y educativa determinada, además de las características de participación política, grado de asociación y uso de mecanismos para hacer valer derechos ciudadanos.
Os duelos (duetos) identificados por ocasião do processo sucessório
Authors: Guerra Leone Nilda Maria de Clodoaldo Pinto
Published: July 2016

O estudo tem como objetivo a identificação dos níveis de duelos existentes nas empresas familiares no momento do processo sucesório. Para tanto, realizou‐se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e, por meio dela, foram identificados três níveis de duelos: o primeiro nível é o duelo do sucedido com ele mesmo. O segundo trata do duelo do sucedido na escolha do sucessor. O duelo entre os sucessores, causado por intrigas e disputas pelo poder, identifica o terceiro nível.  Quanto aos fins, esta investigação se caracteriza como exploratória e descritiva. Exploratória porque permite ao pesquisador, como afirma Triviños (1987, p.109), “aumentar sua experiência em torno de determinado problema”. Em relação à caracterização de pesquisa descritiva, ainda de acordo com Triviños (1987), o foco essencial destes estudos reside na intenção de conhecer a realidade do objeto. Os resultados dessas leituras apontam três níveis de duelos: o primeiro nível é o duelo do sucedido com ele mesmo. O segundo trata do duelo do sucedido na escolha do sucessor. O duelo entre os sucessores, causado por intrigas e disputas pelo poder identifica o terceiro nível. As conclusões apontam para mecanismos jurídicos, mudanças nos modelos de gestão e ajuda psicológica que podem transformar os duelos em duetos.
A concepção de estratégias em empresas empreendedoras
Authors: Todaro Mauro E. Carozzo , Oliveira Kellen Kali de
Published: July 2016

O artigo tem como objetivo investigar o processo de formação estratégica em uma empresa de pequeno porte, que se enquadra no perfil de empreendedora, verificando, por conseguinte, a influência da personalidade empreendedora nesse processo e como tais estratégias são levadas à prática. O tema ganha relevância pelo alto índice de empreendedores e a elevada taxa de empreendimentos mal sucedidos no Brasil. Para tal, realizou‐se uma pesquisa descritiva de caráter qualitativo, com a adoção do método de estudo de caso. O objeto de estudo foi uma pequena empresa local, denominada MEMPS ‐ Montagem, Eletromecânica e Prestação de Serviços LTDA. Constatou‐se que, na empresa estudada, o processo de formação estratégica é feito de forma, tanto deliberada quanto emergente. Tal processo é concebido na mente do líder, por meio de inferências mais intuitivas, que analíticas. O processo está centrado no empreendedor fazendo com que o mesmo seja altamente informal, tanto na criação quanto na divulgação das estratégias. Em decorrência deste fato, verificou‐se uma crescente necessidade de formalização dos mecanismos de implantação e comunicação de tais estratégias, à medida que aumenta a divisão do trabalho e a quantidade de níveis hierárquicos.
Projetos de desenvolvimento sustentável para unidades de conservação ambiental urbarnas
Authors: Cohen Marcos , Silva Jorge Ferreira da , Vasconcelos Costa Lenise Saraiva de
Published: July 2016

Este artigo divulga as primeiras conclusões de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que busca entender, pela ótica da administração, a questão do desenvolvimento sustentável aplicado a unidades de conservação ambiental localizadas dentro ou em torno de áreas rbanas, procurando identificar as partes interessadas ‐ governos, comunidades urbanas, ONGs, empresas e outros stakeholders ‐, suas motivações e as estratégias que aplicam ou que emergem de sua complexa interação. A pesquisa identificou grupos diferentes de stakeholdes – governos, comunidades urbanas, ONGs, companhias, instituições financeiras e outros – interagindo na gestão de projetos de desenvolvimento sustentável para unidades de conservação ambiental e revelou que as estraégias colaborativas são essenciais para garantir o sucesso desses projetos. Estratégias tradicionais, onde somente um órgão governamental atua de modo desintegrado têm sido crescentemente substituídas por estruturas colegiadas. A convivência entre estratégias colaborativas e conflitos parece fazer parte inseparável do modelo conceitual, de caráter exploratório, que se propõe ao final.