bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Filling the Gaps in Latvian BLARK: Case of the Latvian IT Competence Centre
Authors: Skadiņa Inguna  , Auziņa Ilze  , Deksne Daiga  , Skadiņš Raivis  , Vasiļjevs Andrejs  , Gaiļūna Madara  , Portnaja Ieva
Published: February 2025

We present the results of the Latvian IT Competence Centre (IT CC) in developing several essential language technologies and applications. 11 language technology projects have been completed in the first phase of the IT CC work. We describe how IT CC has contributed to filling in the gaps and improving the quality of the basic language technologies for Latvian in speech processing, machine translation, parsing and grammar checking, intelligent media monitoring and multi-modal human-computer interaction.
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Spranger Jürgen
Published: February 2025

This chapter provides a review of the fascinating genetic disorders known as mucopolysaccharidoses that are caused by the intralysosomal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in various tissues. Due to absent activity of a variety of lysosomal enzymes, a characteristic clinical phenotype usually develops in early childhood and then evolves with coarse facial features, thick skin, corneal clouding as the direct expression of excessive storage, mental retardation, growth deficiency and skeletal dysplasia as manifestations of defective cellular function. Bone abnormalities referred to as dysostosis multiplex are also characteristic and often dramatic. The classical disorders are Hurler and Hunter disease which are attributable to deficiencies of α-L-Iduronidase and Iduronate-2-sulfatase, respectively. The genes causing mucopolysaccharidoses have been cloned and numerous mutations identified. Thus, the diagnoses of mucopolysaccharidoses can be readily accomplished by recognition of the clinical phenotype combined with biochemical and molecular studies. Treatments are challenging, although enzyme replacement strategies and stem cell transplantation show some promise.
Mining Probabilistic Frequent Itemsets with Exact Methods
Authors: Li Hai-Feng  , Wang Yue
Published: February 2025

Probabilistic frequent itemset mining over uncertain databases is a challenging problem. The state-of-the-art algorithm uses O(nlog 2n) time complexity to conduct the mining. We focus on this problem and design a framework, which can discover the probabilistic frequent itemsets with traditional exact frequent itemset mining methods; thus, the time complexity can be reduced to O(n). In this framework, we supply a minimum confidence to convert the uncertain database to exact database; furthermore, a sampling method is used to find the reasonable minimum confidence so that the accuracy is guaranteed. Our experiments show our method can significantly outperform the existing algorithm.
The Shifting Sands of Nursing Informatics Education: From Content to Connectivity
Authors: Honey Michelle  , Procter Paula
Published: February 2025

This chapter considers the development of nurse education over the past 50 years and ventures a view towards 2020. A link will be made to the introduction of informatics to nursing curricula. It is clear when looking over the recent history of nurse education that it has moved from a medical model and content driven apprentice mode to that of a reflective agile professional mode where autonomous practice allows for collaboration in care and connectivity between health professionals. Parallel to these pedagogical changes are the introduction of informatics across healthcare, starting with computer skills and moving through information management to decision support. The chapter will conclude with some thoughts around the next possible steps forward for nursing informatics education.
Translating Behavior Change Techniques to New Delivery Mediums
Authors: Antonio Marcy G.  , Courtney Karen L.  , Lingler Jennifer H.  , Matthews Judith T.
Published: February 2025

The translation of successful behavior change interventions to new delivery mechanisms requires an understanding of the underlying concepts that led to its success. This has particular relevance when converting in-person interventions into remote technological applications. The active ingredients that may have been successful in the “live” application can appear differently in a technological application. The communication module within a multi-user telehealth kiosk will be used as an example of how behavior change techniques from a “live” intervention may be represented in an information technology-delivered intervention.
Developing Effective Case Scenarios for Interprofessional Electronic Health Record Research
Authors: McDonald Kristie  , Courtney Karen L.  , Frisch Noreen
Published: February 2025

In the last decade, there have been numerous calls for research in interprofessional communication and documentation. Some of the limitations of research in this area have been proprietary user interfaces that may not be generalizable and impact varying adoption rates of electronic documentation among different health disciplines. In order to address these concerns, researchers need to create standardized case scenarios as research instruments. This paper outlines the process for developing a case scenario instrument for use in interprofessional electronic documentation research.
Consumer Medication Information: Similarities and Differences Between Three Canadian Pharmacies
Authors: Monkman Helen  , Kushniruk Andre W.
Published: February 2025

Prescription medication use is prevalent. When a new prescription medication is dispensed, Consumer Medication Information (CMI) is provided to communicate various important aspects of the medication (e.g., benefits, administration instructions, potential side effects). However, CMI is not regulated and differs from pharmacy to pharmacy. This study explores the similarities and differences between the CMI from three pharmacies (two paper print outs and one online source) for a single medication. The three CMI were assessed in terms of readability and utility. This evaluation revealed drastic differences in the length of the CMI (Range = 453 to 2 337 words). The online CMI was longer, described more topics and provided more detail than the print versions. Although online CMI has the advantage of interactivity to expedite navigation to specific topics of interest (e.g., heading links) and searching for key words, this CMI was not layered but rather presented as one long continuous page. Consumers with lower eHealth literacy skills may be deterred by the length of the document. As CMI makes the shift to online presentation an improved understanding of optimal information organization and media presentation will be needed.
An Engagement Model for Medication Management: From Prescription to Description and Conscription
Authors: Diemert Simon  , Weber Jens  , Price Morgan
Published: February 2025

Medication non-adherence is a global problem that has been studied over the past 40 years. Despite the large number of studies there is not an agreed upon definition of “adherence” in the literature. The lack of a consistent definition has resulted in issues in adherence research, clinical implementation, and HIT system development. In this paper a critical review of adherence literature is conducted. Based on this review, a new Adherence Interaction Model (AIM) is proposed and described in detail. AIM considers provider recommendations, the patient's interpretation of the recommendations, and the patient's behavior and provides the foundation for building a more objective view of adherence. AIM provides a foundation for future formalization of medication adherence concepts.
An Automatic Approach for Analyzing Treatment Effectiveness Based on Medication Hierarchy – The Myocardial Infarction Case Study
Authors: Li Yingxue  , Hu Yiying  , Yang Jingang  , Li Xiang  , Liu Haifeng  , Xie Guotong  , Xu Meilin  , Hu Jingyi  , Yang Yuejin
Published: February 2025

Treatment effectiveness plays a fundamental role in patient therapies. In most observational studies, researchers often design an analysis pipeline for a specific treatment based on the study cohort. To evaluate other treatments in the data set, much repeated and multifarious work including cohort construction, statistical analysis need to be done. In addition, as treatments are often with an intrinsic hierarchical relationship, many rational comparable treatment pairs can be derived as new treatment variables besides the original single treatment one from the original cohort data set. In this paper, we propose an automatic treatment effectiveness analysis approach to solve this problem. With our approach, clinicians can assess the effect of treatments not only more conveniently but also more thoroughly and comprehensively. We applied this method to a real world case of estimating the drug effectiveness on Chinese Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) data set and some meaningful results are obtained for potential improvement of patient treatments.
IntegrIT – Towards Utilizing the Swedish National Health Information Exchange Platform for Clinical Research
Authors: Hägglund Maria  , Scott Duncan Therese  , Kai-Larsen Karin  , Hedlin Gunilla  , Krakau Ingvar
Published: February 2025

This paper describes how the Swedish national Health Information Exchange platform can be used to facilitate clinical research in the future. Different e-services for different user groups are being developed using a user-centered design approach. The main user groups are study participants, clinical researchers and healthcare professionals. The different e-services are based on an in-depth analysis of the clinical research process, and the main identified needs relate to recruitment of study participants, access to clinical data from different sources as well as improved tools for patients' self-reporting. The national Swedish HIE platform has the potential to enable a seamless connection between patients/citizens as study participants, health care professionals and everyday clinical work and clinical researchers in both academia and industry.
Acronym Disambiguation in Spanish Electronic Health Narratives Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Rubio-López Ignacio  , Costumero Roberto  , Ambit Héctor  , Gonzalo-Martín Consuelo  , Menasalvas Ernestina  , Rodríguez González Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are now being massively used in hospitals what has motivated current developments of new methods to process clinical narratives (unstructured data) making it possible to perform context-based searches. Current approaches to process the unstructured texts in EHRs are based in applying text mining or natural language processing (NLP) techniques over the data. In particular Named Entity Recognition (NER) is of paramount importance to retrieve specific biomedical concepts from the text providing the semantic type of the concept retrieved. However, it is very common that clinical notes contain lots of acronyms that cannot be identified by NER processes and even if they are identified, an acronym may correspond to several meanings, so disambiguation of the found term is needed. In this work we provide an approach to perform acronym disambiguation in Spanish EHR using machine learning techniques.
Persona Development and Educational Needs to Support Informal Caregivers
Authors: Al Awar Zeina  , Kuziemsky Craig
Published: February 2025

Informal caregivers are playing an increasing role in community based care delivery. Research is needed that looks at the educational needs of informal caregivers as a precursor to HIT design to support community care delivery. A challenge is informal caregivers have very diverse educational needs. Personas are an approach to describe user characteristics as part of systems design and this approach could be used to understand and categorize the various educational needs of informal caregivers. This paper addresses this research need and provides a method for persona development and the identification of educational needs for informal caregivers.
The Invisibility of Disadvantage: Why Do We Not Notice?
Authors: Showell Chris  , Cummings Elizabeth  , Turner Paul
Published: February 2025

Personal health records (PHRs) offer tantalising benefits for patients and healthcare providers, including improvements in patient-provider communication, patient empowerment, and access to data and information. A suspicion that disadvantaged patients are less likely to use or benefit from PHRs stimulated a research agenda that included: (a) a literature review; and (b) empirical analysis of eight years' hospital admission and discharge data linked to measures of patient social disadvantage. The results demonstrated an association between disadvantage, increased use of public hospital services and barriers to PHR use. These findings may appear self-evident, but dramatically highlight how disadvantaged patients continue to be overlooked in many e-health design processes, and are rarely a focus of user centred design. The paper concludes by briefly considering the implications of this invisibility.
Developing the Safety Case for MediPi: An Open-Source Platform for Self Management
Authors: Carr Andrew  , Murphy Damian  , Dugdale Ian  , Dyson Anne  , Habli Ibrahim  , Robinson Richard
Published: February 2025

mHealth and Telehealth technologies are increasingly used to provide personalised, interactive and timely access to health data, thereby helping patients take a more active role in their care process. However, similar to any intervention, the use of these technologies has to be assured to justify that they do not compromise patient safety. In this paper, we discuss the development of a safety case for MediPi; a research prototype for a low-cost open-source digital platform that collects physiological data from patients, at home, and makes it available to decision-support systems used by clinicians. We identify potential hazardous failures associated with the use of MediPi and examine current risk controls. We also explore the modular structure of the overall safety case of the platform. We conclude with a discussion of patient safety challenges related to the unsupervised nature of the care setting and the use of commercial off-the-shelf personal devices.
KALIS – An eHealth System for Biomedical Risk Analysis of Drugs
Authors: Shoshi Alban  , Müller Ulrich  , Shoshi Arben  , Ogultarhan Venus  , Hofestädt Ralf
Published: February 2025

Background: In Germany, adverse drug reactions and events cause hospitalizations, which lead to numerous thousands of deaths and several million Euros in additional health costs annually.
A Web-Based Tool to Evaluate Data Quality of Reused Health Data Assets
Authors: Wendl Christopher  , Duftschmid Georg  , Gezgin Deniz  , Popper Niki  , Miksch Florian  , Rinner Christoph
Published: February 2025

Background: Data from the health care domain is often reused to create and parameterize simulation models for example to support life science business in the evaluation of new products. Data quality assessments play an important part to help model users in interpreting simulation results by showing deficiencies in the raw data used in the model building and offers model builders a comparison of data quality amongst the used data assets.
The Use of RESTful Web Services in Medical Informatics and Clinical Research and Its Implementation in Europe
Authors: Aerts Jozef
Published: February 2025

Background: RESTful web services nowadays are state-of-the-art in business transactions over the internet. They are however not very much used in medical informatics and in clinical research, especially not in Europe.
Measuring Impedance in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Silva Ricardo  , Cardoso Jaime  , Sousa Filipe
Published: February 2025

The hospitalization of patients with Heart Failure represents an increasing burden for the healthcare system with more than 23 million worldwide suffering from this disease. In this paper we explore methods to detect fluid retention in the lungs by measuring the thoracic impedance, so that is possible to monitor Heart Failure patients, and physicians can early detect acute episodes. A small and portable device was developed to measure the thoracic impedance of the patient. From the measured thoracic impedance it can estimate the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. This device is a low cost, friendly to use equipment that can be operated by a big range of users: Moreover, it was designed for low power consumption with a rechargeable battery for portable use. The device empowers the patient to monitor his own body fluid at home, and a physician can follow him remotely. This procedure would help to drastically reduce the number of hospitalizations and, consequently, improve the quality of life of people diagnosed with Heart Failure.
A Web Based Tool to Enhance Monitoring and Retention in Care for Tuberculosis Affected Patients
Authors: Giannini Barbara  , Riccardi Niccolò  , Di Biagio Antonio  , Cenderello Giovanni  , Giacomini Mauro
Published: February 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for a global epidemic. TB treatment requires long-term therapy usually with multiple drugs, which have potential side effects and interactions that may influence patients' adherence to treatment. The TB Ge network is a multi-centric web based platform that collects clinical information of TB affected patients to increase their support and retention in care. The system stores the list of all tuberculosis episodes for each patient with the related data, starting from the first visit including follow-ups clinical evaluations, laboratory tests, imaging and therapies. Data can be manually input through the web interface or can be automatically imported from hospitals Laboratory Information Systems without human intervention. Automatic data import enhances data reuse and prevents errors introduction and time wasting. The network is an implementation of the Healthcare Services Specification Project (HSSP), as the Retrieve, Locate, and Update Service (RLUS) is used to manage patients' data. Clinical data are shared through standard HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) documents. Semantic interoperability is granted by the adoption of LOINC and ATC codes.
Decision Support Systems in Cardiology: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dudchenko Aleksey  , Kopanitsa Georgy
Published: February 2025

The aim of this work was to identify the most common approaches used in the intelligent decision support systems employed in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and identify accuracy of these systems. Forty-one relevant publications were included in the review using Scopus and Web of Science. Knowledge base and fuzzy logic and ANN is the most commonly used approach to diagnosis and prediction. The accuracy of the considered systems reaches 98%.
Living Digital Ecosystems for Data Preservation: An Austrian Use Case Towards the European Open Science Cloud
Authors: Ganguly Raman  , Budroni Paolo  , Sánchez Solís Barbara
Published: February 2025

This paper will address issues concerning the handling of complex data such as research data, multimedia content, e-learning content, and the use of repositories infrastructures. At the University of Vienna, an ecosystem for digital data preservation and research data management has already been established and will be subsequently be enlarged according to future needs and requirements. in the future. This living digital ecosystem is the foundation for research data management and was implemented from the beginning as a central service according to the FAIR principles as stated in the first HLEG-EOSC [1] report. With the help of ten years of professional experience, a model for digital data preservation was established to address the complexity of heterogeneous data. This was necessary because of different use cases assigned to the interdisciplinary data management team based at the Computer Centre and the Library. The source for the use cases are research projects, their different approach to research and their multifaceted requirements regarding the efficient re-use of data. The usage of this model might be considered as the foundation on which an ecosystem for digital data preservation can be built.
Imparting Knowledge in Humanities. About Some Practices of Scientific Blogging on Hypothèses
Authors: Mayeur Ingrid
Published: February 2025

My contribution aims to explain how a platform of electronic publishing such as OpenEdition might reach a larger public outside the academic sphere, and contribute to the revealing of research in the Humanities to civil society. Practices of academic blogging have expanded since the 2000's. Its potential as a vulgarization tool was acknowledged early. However, most initiatives in scientific blogging are concerned with the field of STM (Science, Technology, and Medicine). A quick overview of the classical literature about vulgarization shows that a great deal of attention is being paid to STM. As such, I propose to examine what the practices of communication are towards civil society in Humanities through Hypothèses, the blogging platform of OpenEdition.
Evaluation of Standards for Access Control Enabling PHR-S Federation
Authors: Mense Alexander  , Urbauer Philipp  , Sauermann Stefan
Published: February 2025

The adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile applications in the healthcare may transform the healthcare industry by offering better disease tracking and management as well as patient empowerment. Unfortunately, almost all of these new systems set up their own ecosystem and to be really valuable for the care process they need to be integrated or federated with user managed access control services based on international standards and profiles to enable interoperability. Thus, this work presents the results of an evaluation of available specifications for federated authorization, based on a set of basic requirements.
Perceived Benefits of Implementing and Using Hospital Information Systems and Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Khalifa Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Hospital information systems (HIS) and electronic medical records (EMR) are currently considered a major part of the healthcare system, on which all the processes of care delivery depend. They have the potential to provide substantial benefits to healthcare professionals, patients and healthcare organizations. The study used quantitative survey methods through a questionnaire to collect data and information directly from different categories of healthcare professionals of four Saudi hospitals. Valid responses were 153 and ten perceived benefits were validated and ranked, these are; 1) Improved information access, 2) Increased healthcare professionals productivity, 3) Improved efficiency and accuracy of coding and billing, 4) Improved quality of healthcare, 5) Improved clinical management (diagnosis and treatment), 6) Reduced expenses associated with paper medical records, 7) Reduced medical errors, 8) Improved patient safety, 9) Improved patient outcomes and 10) Improved patient satisfaction. There is still limited data regarding the direct economic benefits of HIS & EMR.
Medications Related Emergency Admissions: Causes and Recommendations
Authors: Aldardeer Namareq  , Benslimane Nabila  , Khalifa Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Adverse drug events could require a patient to visit the emergency department, many of these visits lead to hospital admissions. A retrospective study, October 2015 to March 2016, examined the severity and factors contributing to medications related emergency visits leading to admissions at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Out of 698 reviewed patients, 92 were medications related admissions. Adverse drug reactions were the primary cause (46.7%), drug prescribing (30.4%), compliance (14.1%), and drug dosing (8.7%). The majority of cases were of moderate severity (82.6%). Most medications involved in emergency admissions were antihypertensive (18.4%), chemotherapy (17.4%), anticoagulant (15.2%), and anti-diabetics (12%). Emergency admissions secondary to medication could be minimized whenever the causes of problems are identified. Motivating physicians to apply shared decision making strategy during prescribing and involving pharmacists in emergency and ambulatory care setting is highly important and to educate patients and support healthcare providers in making best medications related decisions.
CrowdHEALTH: Holistic Health Records and Big Data Analytics for Health Policy Making and Personalized Health
Authors: Kyriazis Dimosthenis  , Autexier Serge  , Brondino Iván  , Boniface Michael  , Donat Lucas  , Engen Vegard  , Fernandez Rafael  , Jimenez-Peris Ricardo  , Jordan Blanca  , Jurak Gregor  , Kiourtis Athanasios  , Kosmidis Thanos  , Lustrek Mitja  , Maglogiannis Ilias  , Mantas John  , Martinez Antonio  , Mavrogiorgou Argyro  , Menychtas Andreas  , Montandon Lydia  , Nechifor Cosmin-Septimiu  , Nifakos Sokratis  , Papageorgiou Alexandra  , Patino-Martinez Marta  , Perez Manuel  , Plagianakos Vassilis  , Stanimirovic Dalibor  , Starc Gregor  , Tomson Tanja  , Torelli Francesco  , Traver-Salcedo Vicente  , Vassilacopoulos George  , Wajid Usman
Published: February 2025

Today's rich digital information environment is characterized by the multitude of data sources providing information that has not yet reached its full potential in eHealth. The aim of the presented approach, namely CrowdHEALTH, is to introduce a new paradigm of Holistic Health Records (HHRs) that include all health determinants. HHRs are transformed into HHRs clusters capturing the clinical, social and human context of population segments and as a result collective knowledge for different factors. The proposed approach also seamlessly integrates big data technologies across the complete data path, providing of Data as a Service (DaaS) to the health ecosystem stakeholders, as well as to policy makers towards a “health in all policies” approach. Cross-domain co-creation of policies is feasible through a rich toolkit, being provided on top of the DaaS, incorporating mechanisms for causal and risk analysis, and for the compilation of predictions.
A Review of Current Patient Matching Techniques
Authors: Waruhari Philomena  , Babic Ankica  , Nderu Lawrence  , Were Martin C.
Published: February 2025

As healthcare organizations strive to improve quality of care and patient safety, it becomes paramount that they identify patients correctly and match records accurately both within and across institutions. Continuous care and population health benefits can be optimized when providers can have a comprehensive view of a patient's health record through seamless health information exchange. Various patient matching techniques have emerged to facilitate accurate patient identification. In this paper, we present a review of existing patient matching techniques, analyzed based on accuracy, cost and execution time.
Decisional Conflict in Work-Related Hand Trauma Patients
Authors: Liao Hsien-Hua  , Cheng Sun-Long  , Shueng Pei-Wei  , Lee Hsi-Chieh  , Cheewakriangkrai Chalong  , Chang Chi-Chang
Published: February 2025

Often, clinical decision making of reconstructive procedure is coupled and their concurrent resolution by interacting stakeholders is required. This study was to give new insight into the tradeoff method to elicit the utility function first and then the probability weighting function, to determine if and how stakeholder engagement can contribute to managing decisional conflict processes. The proposed methodology is illustrated through three subjects (physician, patient and family member). We found that significant evidence of probability weighting both at the aggregate level and at the individual subject level. The pattern of probability weights is consistent with an inverse shaped probability weighting function: Small probabilities are overweighed and intermediate and large probabilities are underweight. In addition, the degree of upper subadditivity exceeds the degree of lower subadditivity. Finally, the proposed procedure can reduce clinical risk by considering stakeholders' behavior attribute and providing physicians the effective support need for quality decision making.
Engaging Consumers with Musculoskeletal Conditions in Health Research: A User-Centred Perspective
Authors: Pang Patrick Cheong-Iao  , Clavisi Ornella  , Chang Shanton
Published: February 2025

Consumers are frequently involved in different kinds of health research, such as clinical trials, focus groups, and surveys. As pointed out by different studies, recruiting and involving consumers to participate in academic research can be challenging. While different research and guidelines are provided to instruct researchers to recruit participants ethically, they seldom consider the needs and expectations of consumers. In this research, we interviewed 23 consumers with musculoskeletal conditions in Australia, to understand their needs and motivations for participating in research from a user-centred perspective. Based on these data, we systematically summarise consumers' feedback into four main themes: (1) Research as Learning Opportunity; (2) The Important Role of Communities and Health Professionals; (3) Research Transparency and Updates; and (4) Special Needs for People with MSK Conditions. As a result, a few recommendations are proposed and researchers should further consider these when designing consumer-based studies. Ultimately, with a better understanding of consumers, we hope that our research can enhance consumer engagement and improve their participation in health research.
A Fuel Saving and Safety Driving Guidance System Applied on the Commercial Vehicle Combining GPS and GIS
Authors: Liu Hao  , Hai Yuanquan
Published: February 2025

EFI engine has the characteristics of DFCO. Sliding on the uphill with gear can save fuel and ensure safe driving. In this paper, a fuel saving and safety driving guidance system applied on the commercial vehicle is proposed. The uphill and downhill road information is predicted based on GPS and GIS. The fuel-efficient and safe speed tips are provided for drivers according to the models with the vehicle's structural parameters and running status parameters. In this paper, the taxiing equations of uphill and downhill are established, the taxiing distance is calculated according to the current vehicle speed and the slope. The vehicle's geographical position is obtained by GPS. The distance between the vehicle and the ramp top is calculated. Energy conservation calculation model and safety evaluation model are established based on energy conservation law. On a road of 8 km, it was found that the braking frequency was reduced by 50%, the energy dissipated by braking was reduced by 2.15% and fuel consumption was reduced by 3.62% after using the system.
Roundtable on Health Literacy: Issues and Impact
Authors: Hernandez Lyla  , French Melissa  , Parker Ruth
Published: February 2025

In 2004 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion, highlighted that “efforts to improve quality, to reduce costs, and to reduce disparities cannot succeed without efforts to improve health literacy” [1]. The IOM report emphasized that poor health literacy is a major challenge for individuals who need to find, understand, and use information to make informed decisions for health. Following the publication of the 2004 report and in response to rising interest in health literacy in the U.S., the IOM established the Roundtable on Health Literacy. Roundtables convene a broad array of stakeholders from foundations, health plans, associations, government, private companies, and patient and consumer groups to discuss challenges and provide a forum for exchange of knowledge and expertise. The Roundtable does not make recommendations, rather its mission is to inform, inspire, and activate diverse U.S. (and potentially international) stakeholders. The Roundtable's activities support the development, implementation, and sharing of evidence-based health literacy practices and policies. The Roundtable's goal is to improve the health and well-being of Americans as well as persons in other nations.
The Relevance of Health Literacy to mHealth
Authors: Kreps Gary L.
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines the importance of health literacy to the design and use of mobile digital health information technology (mHealth) applications. Over the past two decades mHealth has evolved to become a major health communication channel for delivering health care, promoting health, and tracking health behaviors. Yet, there are serious communication challenges that must be addressed concerning the best way to design and utilize mHealth application to achieve key health promotion goals, including assuring the appropriateness and effectiveness of mHealth messaging for audiences with different communication competencies, styles, and health literacy levels, to ensure that mHealth applications are truly effective tools for health promotion.
Participation Through Gaze Controlled Computer for Children with Severe Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Holmqvist Eva  , Derbring Sandra  , Wallin Sofia
Published: February 2025

This paper presents work on developing methodology material for use of gaze controlled computers. The target group is families and professionals around children with severe multiple disabilities. The material includes software grids for children at various levels, aimed for communication, leisure and learning and will be available for download.
Interactive Games with an Assistive Robotic System for Hearing-Impaired Children
Authors: Uluer Pinar  , Akalin Neziha  , Gurpinar Cemal  , Kose Hatice
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an assistive robotic system, which can recognize and express sign language words from a predefined set, within interactive games to communicate with and teach hearing-impaired children sign language. The robotic system uses audio, visual and tactile feedback for interaction with the children and the teacher/researcher.
Interacting with Dementia: The MARIO Approach
Authors: Kouroupetroglou Christos  , Casey Dympna  , Raciti Massimiliano  , Barrett Eva  , D'Onofrio Grazia  , Ricciardi Francesco  , Giuliani Francesco  , Greco Antonio  , Sancarlo Daniele  , Mannion Arlene  , Whelan Sally  , Pegman Geoff  , Koumpis Adamantios  , Reforgiato Recupero Diego  , Kouroupetroglou Angelos  , Santorelli Adam
Published: February 2025

MARIO is a companion robot that aims to help people with dementia (PWD) to battle isolation and loneliness by enabling them to stay socially active by providing a number of applications focused on hobbies (music, movies, etc), staying engaged with communities (reading headlines, reading local twitter feeds etc.) and staying connected with family and friends (telephoning them, reading their news from twitter, etc.). This paper presents the results from the initial trials of MARIO interacting with PWD involving a limited set of applications. It confirms some of the challenges hypothesized at the outset of the study and provides guidelines for future development work.
Development of Technology for Assisting Violent Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Katz Reuven  , Peled Abraham  , Grinshpoon Alexander
Published: February 2025

Forceful restraint of psychiatric patients is lawful only in cases of violent uncontrolled behavior. The methods used to limit physical freedom are mainly mechanical means of confinement. The study presents a novel “Personal Protective System” designed to limit patients' violent actions but allow them free non- violent normal functioning.
Mobile Recommender Apps with Privacy Management for Accessible and Usable Technologies
Authors: Hersh Marion  , Leporini Barbara
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the preliminary results of an ongoing survey of the use of computers and mobile devices, interest in recommender apps and knowledge and concerns about privacy issues amongst English and Italian speaking disabled people. Participants were found to be regular users of computers and mobile devices for a range of applications. They were interested in recommender apps for household items, computer software and apps that met their accessibility and other requirements. They showed greater concerns about controlling access to personal data of different types than this data being retained by the computer or mobile device. They were also willing to make tradeoffs to improve device performance.
Assessing Gait Impairments Based on Auto-Encoded Patterns of Mahalanobis Distances from Consecutive Steps
Authors: Muñoz-Organero Mario  , Davies Richard  , Mawson Sue
Published: February 2025

Insole pressure sensors capture the force distribution patterns during the stance phase while walking. By comparing patterns obtained from healthy individuals to patients suffering different medical conditions based on a given similarity measure, automatic impairment indexes can be computed in order to help in applications such as rehabilitation. This paper uses the data sensed from insole pressure sensors for a group of healthy controls to train an auto-encoder using patterns of stochastic distances in series of consecutive steps while walking at normal speeds. Two experiment groups are compared to the healthy control group: a group of patients suffering knee pain and a group of post-stroke survivors. The Mahalanobis distance is computed for every single step by each participant compared to the entire dataset sensed from healthy controls. The computed distances for consecutive steps are fed into the previously trained autoencoder and the average error is used to assess how close the walking segment is to the autogenerated model from healthy controls. The results show that automatic distortion indexes can be used to assess each participant as compared to normal patterns computed from healthy controls. The stochastic distances observed for the group of stroke survivors are bigger than those for the people with knee pain.
Stampede Prediction Based on Individual Activity Recognition for Context-Aware Framework Using Sensor-Fusion in a Crowd Scenarios
Authors: Sadiq Fatai Idowu  , Selamat Ali  , Ibrahim Roliana  , Selamat Md Hafiz  , Krejcar Ondrej
Published: February 2025

With the benefits of context-aware and the smartphone's participatory sensing potential, individual activity recognition (IAR) has proven to be enormously importance for stampede prediction in a crowd using a geographical location and global positioning system (GPS) data. In the case of an unforeseen incident and in an emergency situations whether in a small or large gathering. The research effort used Kalman filter to remove uncertainty through sensor fusion to create room for a reliable measurement for abnormality prediction. This paper, addressed the following questions. (i) How to determine the flow direction and the velocity of peoples' movement in a crowd to know when stampede will occur? (ii) What is the role of sensor fusion in a crowd scenario? Two scenarios experimented on IAR with accelerometer, GPS, and digital compass sensors to determine the flow pattern of participants' movement in a crowd using the flow velocity Vsi and flow direction Dsi, in the proposed stampede prediction approach. The experimental results show the effect of Vsi and Dsi for different group locations and serve as a pointer to reduce risk towards mitigation of crowd disaster and enhanced the existing context-aware framework to save human lives in our society if used in crowd scenarios.
Research on Genetic Algorithm and Nash Equilibrium in Multi-Round Procurement
Authors: Trinh Bao Ngoc  , Huynh Quyet Thang  , Nguyen Thuy Linh
Published: February 2025

Recently, research papers which are related to artificial intelligence topic, especially decision support methodologies have received continuous concentration and achieved remarkable developments. Many articles have shown the important application of those methods in several aspects along with their effectiveness in most fields of research. In this paper we focus on approach using genetic algorithm and Nash equilibrium to solve the problem choosing appropriate bidders in multi-round procurement, which is currently considered an unsolved problem to many procuring entities. Instead of using manual and subjective consideration from procuring entities, a scientific methodology on decision-making support has been studied and identified equilibrium points in multiple-round procurements, which is the most beneficial to both investors and selected tenderers. These results can be a scientific promising solution for choosing bidders in multi-round procurement and ensure win-win relationship for all parties in procurement process.
An Innovative Approach for Rolling Mill and Forge Scheduling Based on Modified COTS Algorithms
Authors: Chiarvetto Roberto  , Guizzi Guido  , Kremers Enrique  , Romano Elpidio  , Damiani Lorenzo  , Revetria Roberto  , Giribone Pietro
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a scheduler built around a set of Commercial Off of the Shelf (COTS) functions where the overall complexity have been reduced by a set of pre-processing and post-processing functions. This approach offers many advantages compared to design-for purpose heuristics in term of time to market as well as in term of design and implementation costs.
METO: A Motivated and Emotional Task-Oriented 3D Agent
Authors: Almajano Pablo  , Tellols Dolça  , Rodriguez Inmaculada  , Lopez-Sanchez Maite
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes the usage of an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) as user interface for achieving structured tasks seamlessly. Specifically, we present the so called METO Agent, a Motivated and Emotional Task-Oriented ECA that is represented in a 3D Virtual Scene, is able to engage in a task oriented conversation with a person in natural language and by expressing different facial expressions and gestures. Our ECA is endowed with personality traits and has the need of getting attention from the user. Along the paper we refer to Virtual Pitonisa, an ECA we have deployed as a METO Agent that represents a real fortune-teller.
Routine Data Analyses to Compare Outpatient Depression Treatment Regimens
Authors: Siegel Robin  , Ostermann Thomas  , Schuster Reinhard  , Emcke Timo
Published: February 2025

Background: Routine data analyses are becoming increasingly important for health policy decision making. However such databases often vary in data quality, completeness and accessibility. The aim of this study is to describe the quality of a large outpatient healthcare database, the process of data extraction and to give a brief overview of data-structure with focusing on provider-type and disease severity in an example of the treatment of depressive disorders.
Markov Model of the Outpatient Classification System Morbidity Related Groups (MRG)
Authors: Emcke Timo  , Ostermann Thomas  , Schuster Reinhard
Published: February 2025

Background: Benchmarking and guidance of outpatient physicians in Germany are almost always based on one year data. This also holds true for morbidity related groups, a classification system applied in northern Germany since 2017. A study of the markov properties of prescription based grouping algorithms is reported here.
Asthma Severity Diagnosis System Based on Fuzzy Reasoning
Authors: Mahmoud Sara Elhadi Elsiddig  , Munoz-Hernandez Susana
Published: February 2025

Due to the great variability of asthma symptomatology; the medical teams find practical difficulties in determining the severity of asthma. Asthma is very commonly encounter in daily medical practice. This work objective is to design a system that helps medical teams in determining the severity of asthma. Its use could reduce time, effort and cost of categorizing asthma patient. Asthma severity diagnosis is currently done by an expert person, a doctor. The motivation is to release some burden from medical team by providing them a tool that determines the severity of asthma. One of the partial goals of the work is to model the asthma problem as a fuzzy problem, because many of the symptoms can be interpreted in a fuzzy way for the diagnosis. We model the problem using the RFuzzy framework, a Prolog-based tool for representing and reasoning with fuzzy information. The fact that several researches are being done to determine the level of asthma severity developed motivates us to use a fuzzy tool to try to automatize it. Our approach is not interesting because of our medical knowledge that we have taken from some medical collaborators. The value of our work is that we have found the way of representing in a simple way the knowledge of any asthma expert for classifying automatically the severity of an asthma patient just by collecting some simple numerical data relative to the patient symptoms. Any medical professional with a different criteria for asthma classification can easily modify our system according to his/her knowledge and obtain the corresponding results. This system was developed by the participation of experienced asthma physicians and followed the global initiative for asthma (GINA) guideline.
FIR Notch Filter with Rejection Bandwidth Tuning and Sharpening
Authors: Deshpande Rohini  , Deshpande Deepak
Published: February 2025

Two novel design methodologies for the FIR notch filter (NF) are proposed: i) Design with rejection bandwidth (RBW) tuning. ii) Design with narrow RBW. In both methodologies, basic FIR notch filter is evolved from second order IIR notch filter. In the first design, a relationship between pole radius ‘r’ and RBW is developed for different values of notch frequencies and filter lengths. Such developed relation is used to design an FIR notch filter for the specified RBW, notch frequency and given length. In the second methodology, design of FIR notch filter with highly narrow RBW is suggested. Reduction in the RBW is achieved by choosing high value of ‘r’ for FIR NF designed from a second order infinite impulse response (IIR) prototype filter and then by using an amplitude change function (ACF): H(z)(2 – H(z)).
Adverse Drug Event Monitoring with Clinical and Laboratory Data Using Arden Syntax
Authors: Rappelsberger Andrea  , Adlassnig Klaus-Peter  , de Bruin Jeroen S.  , Plössnig Manuela  , Schuler Jochen  , Hofer-Dückelmann Christina
Published: February 2025

In times of steadily increasing numbers of administered drugs, the detection of adverse drug events (ADEs) is an important aspect of improving patient safety. At present only about 1–13% of detected ADEs are reported. Raising the number of reported ADEs will result in greater and more efficient support of pharmacovigilance. Potential ADE's must be identified early. In the iMedication system, which is a rule-based application, triggers are used for computerized detection of possible ADEs. Creating a pilot system, we defined the relevant use cases hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, renal failure, and over-anticoagulation; knowledge bases were implemented in Arden Syntax for each use case. The objective of these knowledge bases is to interpret patient-specific clinical data and generate notifications based on a calculated ADE risk score, which may indicate possible ADEs. This will permit appropriate monitoring of potential ADE situations over time in the interest of patient care, quality assurance, and pharmacovigilance.