bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Hot‐Exciton OLEDs via Fully Harvesting Triplet Excited States from Both the Exciplex Co‐Host and the TBRb Emitter
Authors: Wei Fuxian , Chen Jing , Zhao Xi , Wu Yuting , Wang Huiyao , Chen Xiaoli , Xiong Zuhong
Published: August 2023

The high‐level reverse intersystem crossing (HL‐RISC, T2 → S1) process from triplet to singlet exciton, namely the “hot exciton” channel, has recently been demonstrated in the traditional fluorescent emitter of TBRb. Although it is a potential pathway to improve the utilization of non‐radiative triplet exciton energy, highly efficient fluorescent organic light emitting diodes (FOLEDs) based on this “hot exciton” channel have not been developed. Herein, high‐efficiency and low‐efficiency roll‐off FOLEDs are achieved through doping TBRb molecules into an energy‐level matched exciplex co‐host. Combining the low‐level RISC (LL‐RISC, EX3 → EX1) process in the exciplex co‐host with the HL‐RISC process of hot excitons in TBRb to fully harvest the triplet energy, a record‐high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.4% is obtained via a proper Dexter energy transfer of triplet excitons, realizing the efficiency breakthrough from fully fluorescent material‐based OLEDs with TBRb as an end emitter. Furthermore, the fingerprint Magneto‐electroluminescence (MEL) as a sensitive measuring tool is employed to visualize the “hot exciton” channel in TBRb, which also directly verifies the effective energy confinement and the full utilization of hot excitons. Obviously, this work paves a promising way for further fabricating high‐efficiency TBRb‐based FOLEDs for lighting and flat‐panel display applications.
Accurate Prediction of Antimicrobial Susceptibility for Point‐of‐Care Testing of Urine in Less than 90 Minutes via iPRISM Cassettes
Authors: Jiang Xin , Borkum Talya , Shprits Sagi , Boen Joseph , Arshavsky‐Graham Sofia , Rofman Baruch , Strauss Merav , Colodner Raul , Sulam Jeremias , Halachmi Sarel , Leonard Heidi , Segal Ester
Published: August 2023

The extensive and improper use of antibiotics has led to a dramatic increase in the frequency of antibiotic resistance among human pathogens, complicating infectious disease treatments. In this work, a method for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is presented using microstructured silicon diffraction gratings integrated into prototype devices, which enhance bacteria‐surface interactions and promote bacterial colonization. The silicon microstructures act also as optical sensors for monitoring bacterial growth upon exposure to antibiotics in a real‐time and label‐free manner via intensity‐based phase‐shift reflectometric interference spectroscopic measurements (iPRISM). Rapid AST using clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from urine is established and the assay is applied directly on unprocessed urine samples from urinary tract infection patients. When coupled with a machine learning algorithm trained on clinical samples, the iPRISM AST is able to predict the resistance or susceptibility of a new clinical sample with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) of ∼ 0.85 in 1 h, and AUC > 0.9 in 90 min, when compared to state‐of‐the‐art automated AST methods used in the clinic while being an order of magnitude faster.
Parahydrogen‐Polarized [1‐13C]Pyruvate for Reliable and Fast Preclinical Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Nagel Luca , Gierse Martin , Gottwald Wolfgang , Ahmadova Zumrud , Grashei Martin , Wolff Pascal , Josten Felix , Karaali Senay , Müller Christoph A. , Lucas Sebastian , Scheuer Jochen , Müller Christoph , Blanchard John , Topping Geoffrey J. , Wendlinger Andre , Setzer Nadine , Sühnel Sandra , Handwerker Jonas , Vassiliou Christophoros , van Heijster Frits H.A. , Knecht Stephan , Keim Michael , Schilling Franz , Schwartz Ilai
Published: August 2023

Hyperpolarization techniques increase nuclear spin polarization by more than four orders of magnitude, enabling metabolic MRI. Even though hyperpolarization has shown clear value in clinical studies, the complexity, cost and slowness of current equipment limits its widespread use. Here, a polarization procedure of [1‐13C]pyruvate based on parahydrogen‐induced polarization by side‐arm hydrogenation (PHIP‐SAH) in an automated polarizer is demonstrated. It is benchmarked in a study with 48 animals against a commercial dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d‐DNP) device. Purified, concentrated (≈70–160 mM) and highly hyperpolarized (≈18%) solutions of pyruvate are obtained at physiological pH for volumes up to 2 mL within 85 s in an automated process. The safety profile, image quality, as well as the quantitative perfusion and lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratios, are equivalent for PHIP and d‐DNP, rendering PHIP a viable alternative to established hyperpolarization techniques.
RGB Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes toward Realizing the BT.2020 Standard
Authors: Fan Xiaochun , Hao Xiaoyao , Huang Feng , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiaohong
Published: August 2023

With the surging demand for ultra‐high‐resolution displays, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announce the next‐generation color gamut standard, named ITU‐R Recommendation BT.2020, which not only sets a seductive but challenging milestone for display technologies but also urges researchers to recognize the importance of color coordinates. Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are an important display technology in current daily life, but they face challenges in approaching the BT.2020 standard. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have bright prospects in OLEDs because they possess 100% theoretical exciton utilization. Thus, the development of TADF emitters emitting primary red (R), green (R), and blue (B) emission is of great significance. Here, a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in TADF emitters that exhibit Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates surpassing the National Television System Committee (NTSC) and approaching BT.2020 standards is presented. Rational strategies for molecular designs, as well as the resulting photophysical properties and OLED performances, are discussed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for shifting the CIE coordinates of both donor‐acceptor and multiple resonance (MR) typed TADF emitters toward the BT.2020 standard. Finally, the challenges in realization of the wide‐color‐gamut BT.2020 standard and the prospects for this research area are provided.
Quasi‐Solid‐State Aluminum–Air Batteries with Ultra‐high Energy Density and Uniform Aluminum Stripping Behavior
Authors: Lv Chaonan , Li Yixin , Zhu Yuanxin , Zhang Yuxin , Kuang Jialin , Zhao Qing , Tang Yougen , Wang Haiyan
Published: August 2023

Aqueous aluminum–air batteries are attracting considerable attention with high theoretical capacity, low‐cost and high safety. However, lifespan and safety of the battery are still limited by the inevitable hydrogen evolution reaction on the metal aluminum anode and electrolyte leakage. Herein, for the first time, a clay‐based quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte is proposed to address such issues, which has excellent compatibility and a liquid‐like ionic conductivity. The clay with uniform pore channels facilitates aluminum ions uniform stripping and reduces the activity of free H2O molecules by reconstructing hydrogen bonds network, thus suppressing the self‐corrosion of aluminum anode. As a result, the fabricated aluminum–air battery achieves the highest energy density of 4.56 KWh kg−1 with liquid‐like operating voltage of 1.65 V and outstanding specific capacity of 2765 mAh g−1, superior to those reported aluminum–air batteries. The principle of constructing quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte using low‐cost clay may further promote the commercialization of aluminum–air batteries and provide a new insight into electrolyte design for aqueous energy storage system.
Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on short‐term outcomes after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: Analysis of data from the Japanese National Clinical Database
Authors: Seishima Ryo , Endo Hideki , Hibi Taizo , Takeuchi Masashi , Nakano Yutaka , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Maeda Hiromichi , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Taketomi Akinobu , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Seto Yasuyuki , Ueno Hideki , Mori Masaki , Kitagawa Yuko
Published: August 2023

Aim

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic affected the allocation of various medical resources to several areas, including intensive care units (ICUs). However, currently, its impact on the short‐term postoperative outcomes of gastrointestinal cancer surgeries remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the incidence of complications occurring after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer in Japan.

Methods

Data from the Japanese National Clinical Database between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively examined. The primary outcome of the study was the postoperative morbidity and mortality rates before and after COVID‐19 pandemic. Moreover, the postoperative ICU admission rate was assessed. Morbidity and mortality rates were also assessed using a standardized morbidity/mortality ratio (SMR, the ratio of the actual number of incidences to the expected number of incidences calculated by the risk calculator).

Results

This study included 74 181 patients, including 43 663 (58.9%) from COVID‐19 epidemic areas. The mean actual incidences of anastomotic leakage (AL) and pneumonia during the study period were 9.2% and 0.9%, respectively. The SMRs of these complications did not increase during the pandemic but those of AL declined gradually. The mean 30‐day mortality and operative mortality rates were 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively. Moreover, SMRs did not change significantly in the pandemic or regional epidemic status. The ICU admission rate temporarily decreased, especially in the epidemic areas.

Conclusion

Although the pandemic temporarily decreased the ICU admission rate, its impact on short‐term outcomes following low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer was insignificant in Japan.
Safe and Human‐Like Trajectory Planning of Self‐Driving Cars: A Constraint Imitative Method
Authors: Cui Mingyang , Hu Yingbai , Xu Shaobing , Wang Jianqiang , Bing Zhenshan , Li Boqi , Knoll Alois
Published: August 2023

Safe and human‐like trajectory planning is crucial for self‐driving cars. While model‐based planning has demonstrated reliability, it is beneficial to incorporate human demonstrations and align the results with human behaviors. This work aims at bridging the gap between model‐based planning and driver imitation by proposing a constraint imitative trajectory planning method (CITP). CITP integrates artificial potential field and dynamic movement primitives, which have achieved both the ability to imitate human demonstrations as well as ensure safety constraints. During the planning process, CITP first encodes human demonstrations, local driving target, and traffic obstacles as attractive or repulsive effects, and then the trajectory planning problem is solved through model predictive optimization. To address the dynamics of traffic scenarios, a hierarchical planning strategy is proposed based on the division of planning process. CITP is designed with five modules, including LSTM‐based target generation, encoding attractive and repulsive effects with target, demonstrations and obstacles, and trajectory planning with model predictive optimization. Data collection and experiments are carried out based on CARLA driving simulator, and the effectiveness in terms of both safety and consistency with human behavior are reported.
Artificial intelligence for dementia drug discovery and trials optimization
Authors: Doherty Thomas , Yao Zhi , Khleifat Ahmad A.l. , Tantiangco Hanz , Tamburin Stefano , Albertyn Chris , Thakur Lokendra , Llewellyn David J. , Oxtoby Neil P. , Lourida Ilianna ,   for the Deep Dementia Phenotyping (DEMON) Network, Ranson Janice M. , Duce James A.
Published: August 2023

Drug discovery and clinical trial design for dementia have historically been challenging. In part these challenges have arisen from patient heterogeneity, length of disease course, and the tractability of a target for the brain. Applying big data analytics and machine learning tools for drug discovery and utilizing them to inform successful clinical trial design has the potential to accelerate progress. Opportunities arise at multiple stages in the therapy pipeline and the growing availability of large medical data sets opens possibilities for big data analyses to answer key questions in clinical and therapeutic challenges. However, before this goal is reached, several challenges need to be overcome and only a multi‐disciplinary approach can promote data‐driven decision‐making to its full potential. Herein we review the current state of machine learning applications to clinical trial design and drug discovery, while presenting opportunities and recommendations that can break down the barriers to implementation.
Molybdenum (VI) complex of resorcinol‐based ligand immobilized on silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles for biodiesel production
Authors: Majedi Mona , Safaei Elham
Published: August 2023

Reusability and durability of catalysts are main factors in biodiesel production. Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES‐MoO2L2DHAPh catalyst was prepared in five steps. At first, Fe3O4 was synthesized and coated with silica (Fe3O4@SiO2). After that, the nanoparticles were functionalized by APTES (Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES). In following, DHAPh ligand was anchored covalently onto the surface of aminated magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES‐LDHAPh), and at the end, DHAPh ligand was metalled by MoO2(acac)2 salt (Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES‐MoO2L2DHAPh). The catalyst was characterized with analytical techniques such as FT‐IR, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, VSM, ICP, EDX, NH3‐TPD, and TGA. This novel catalyst with acidic and basic sites was used in (trans)esterification reaction for biodiesel production of rapeseed and other oils. The biodiesel yield of rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, and used frying oils was attained 97%, 98%, 96%, and 87%, respectively, under optimized reaction conditions, such as 0.1 mol% amount of catalyst, 0.05 mmol KOH as methanol activator, a short reaction time of 2 h, and methanol to oil ratio of 3:1 at room temperature. The conversion of oil to methyl ester biodiesel was confirmed by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, and GC‐MS analysis. The leaching and reusability tests of the prepared catalyst were checked, which displayed the biodiesel production proceeded via a heterogeneous pathway. Also, this catalyst can be reused for 11 cycles without tangible loss in its catalytic activity. The mentioned heterogeneously homogenized nanocatalyst has the main benefits such as easy reusability, high activity, and selectivity with acidic and basic sites that makes it a potential candidate for both esterification and (trans)esterification of low quality feedstock for low cost biodiesel production.
Research on torsional laminated extrusion for improving the permeability and mechanical properties ofHDPE/PA6composite for typeIVstorage tank liners
Authors: Wang Xiulei , Chen Xuedong , Yang Jianing , Xie Pengcheng , Yang Weimin
Published: August 2023

Polymers are advantageous in increasing hydrogen storage density of tanks due to their lightweight. Moreover, a uniform aggregate structure can enhance their advantages. However, achieving such as structure solely through screw extrusion can be challenging in liner moldings. This study reported a micro‐nano torsional laminated extrusion equipment that can be used before the die to effectively improve the composite orientation and reduce intercrystalline defects through divides, laminated thinning, and biaxial stretching of the melt with a strong drag flow field. The resulting HDPE/PA6 achieved a reduced helium permeation coefficient by up to 20.1% with a more pronounced effect on the diffusion than that on the dissolution. The mechanical property tests demonstrated an improvement in strength by up to 24.5% and modulus by up to 49.1% with the expanded range of toughness fracture. However, PA6 and HDPE exhibited limitations in terms of the moldable size and storage ability owing to their melt strength and gas barrier properties, respectively. Based on the analysis of the melt strength thresholds of HDPE/PA6, the PA6 content in the composites should be <70 wt% for blow molding and <50 wt% for welding. This study provides a novel approach for forming large‐diameter and thin‐walled liner billets through extrusion and welding.
Synthesis and characterization of hydrogels from alginate and ora‐pro‐nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) mucilage
Authors: de Morais Larissa Carolina , Ferreira Iasmin Aparecida Furtado , de Oliveira Meira Ana Cristina Freitas , Veríssimo Lizzy Ayra Alcântara , de Resende Jaime Vilela
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to synthesize and characterize hydrogels prepared with alginate (ALG) and ora‐pro‐nobis mucilage (MOPN) by ionic gelation. The hydrogels were produced from solutions containing 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25% (w/v) sodium alginate, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25% (w/v) MOPN and 1.5 and 3.0% (w/v) CaCl2. The hydrogels were characterized in terms of mechanical strength, degree of swelling, morphology, chemical groups by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD); and their thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The results indicated that MOPN acted with ALG in chain crosslinking, confirming its ability to interact with other polymers to form gels. The control hydrogel, composed of only ALG (1.5%), showed a more crosslinked and less amorphous structure with greater thermal resistance, while the hydrogel composed of ALG (1.25%) and MOPN (0.25%) showed a more amorphous, porous structure with lumps. However, these treatments were statistically equal in terms of mechanical strength and degree of swelling, indicating that ALG and MOPN hydrogels are an economically viable alternative to ALG‐only hydrogels, where 0.25% (w/v) of the ALG can be replaced by MOPN without significant changes in its mechanical and swelling properties.
Electrospun nylon‐66 nanofiber coated filter media for engine air filtration applications
Authors: Johnson Jipson , Muzwar Mohammed , Ramakrishnan Surya , Chetty Raghuram , Karaiyan Arul Prakash
Published: August 2023

Air filtration plays a vital role in the performance and operations of engines, especially for heavy‐duty combat vehicles operating in the desert environment. Conventional cellulose media comprises micro‐fibers exhibiting low filtration efficiency for particles within the range of 0.1 to 0.5 μm (most penetrating particle size, MPPS). Nanofiber coating on cellulose media can increase the filtration efficiency, however, with the penalty of an increase in pressure drop. The features of nylon‐66 nanofibers, such as high mechanical strength, greater thermal stability, and high surface‐to‐volume ratio, will be beneficial for developing nano‐coated filter media. In this study, electrospun nylon‐66 nanofibers were coated over two cellulose‐based filter media and tested on an air filtration test rig that employs a suction‐type blower replicating the realistic condition of a heavy‐duty engine intake. The test rig was fabricated to evaluate the performance of the nano‐coated filter media in terms of pressure drop, filtration efficiency, and quality factor (Q‐factor). The experimental results demonstrated that the nylon‐66 nano‐coated media have higher Q‐factor (in the MPPS range) than the cellulose media due to the increased filtration efficiency compared to the rise in pressure drop. Therefore, such electrospun nylon‐66 nanofiber‐coated air filters can be an alternative to conventional cellulose media.
Porpoises, by‐catch and the ‘pinger’ conundrum
Authors: Pinn Eunice H.
Published: August 2023

The UK is committed to reducing or eliminating the by‐catch of protected species in fisheries. Of key concern is the by‐catch of harbour porpoise in static nets. Fishers do not want to catch harbour porpoise, and the only proven effective mitigation measure currently available is an acoustic device known as a ‘pinger’.

Legislative requirements for the mandatory use of pingers on larger vessels (i.e. those greater than 12 m in length) has resulted in a by‐catch reduction of approximately 17% for the UK fleet annually. In most areas where the risk of by‐catch is high (i.e. the southern North Sea, English Channel, and Bristol Channel), smaller inshore vessels (i.e. less than 12 m in length) account for over 90% of the fishing effort (determined as days at sea).

Small inshore vessels are not permitted to use pingers without a licence. The information required for a licence, however, makes it extremely difficult for fishers to obtain one. Without access to effective mitigation in most of the static net fleet, it seems unlikely that the UK will meet its ambition to minimize or eliminate harbour porpoise by‐catch.

Finding workable and effective solutions for smaller vessels is essential. As harbour porpoise by‐catch is such a rare event, it is unlikely that the mandatory use of pingers on all static net vessels will be cost‐effective. Nor is such widespread deployment considered desirable because of the potential consequences on the conservation status of harbour porpoise. A potential solution within the current UK legislative framework is proposed that would facilitate the use of pingers in small‐scale localized fisheries with a high risk of by‐catch until a suitable mitigation alternative to pingers becomes available.
Re‐assessing regional chronologies for island southeast Asian voyaging to Aboriginal Australia
Authors: Urwin Chris , Bradley John J. , McNiven Ian J. , Russell Lynette , Yulianti Farid Lily
Published: August 2023

According to written histories, trepang fishers from Island Southeast Asia (“Makassans”) frequented coastal northern Australia from c.1750 to 1907 CE. Yolŋu oral traditions and old Austronesian borrow words in coastal Aboriginal languages suggest a long and complex history of foreign voyaging to northern Australia. Yet archaeological radiocarbon chronologies for the Southeast Asian trepang industry and earlier voyaging encounters are few and the dates have never been comprehensively reviewed. Only one Arnhem Land trepang fishery site has been dated extensively, and others have produced unusually old dates of c.1200–1500 CE. The Groote Eylandt rockshelter of Dadirrigka yielded an enigmatic sherd of friable earthenware above a radiocarbon date of c.1100 CE. Here we have compiled, reviewed and recalibrated all 49 radiocarbon dates directly associated with Southeast Asian contact sites, stratigraphy and rock art in northern Australia. We discuss the dates and their archaeological contexts region by region to assess their reliability. We also report for the first time Yanyuwa (southwest Gulf of Carpentaria) oral traditions which shed light on their past kinship and exchange relationships with Makassan visitors. The radiocarbon dates provide tentative support for four phases of interaction in northwest Arnhem Land and Groote Eylandt, including pre‐Makassan encounters and the organised trepang industry of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. There is a paucity of archaeological excavations and radiocarbon data from northeast Arnhem Land, the Kimberley and the southwest Gulf of Carpentaria, where historical writings, linguistics and oral traditions are still the most reliable indicators of the timing and nature of cross‐cultural interaction.
Incidentally elicited multiple, discrete emotions have differential effects on risky behavior: The action priming perspective
Authors: Matsumoto David , Wilson Matthew
Published: August 2023

We present a novel theoretical framework called the Action Priming Perspective to predict effects of discrete emotions on judgment and decision‐making and report results from two studies examining five discrete emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness) and neutral on a behavioral task of risky decision‐making. We tested two hypotheses concerning single and combinatorial effects of the emotions based on previous theoretical and empirical work delineating the action priming functions of discrete emotions. As predicted, a fear–sadness combination, elicited separately but combined for analyses, produced the highest risk‐taking behavior, higher than an anger–disgust combination (also elicited separately but combined for analyses). Sadness also produced more risky behavior than did disgust, as predicted. These effects, however, did not occur when the task was less uncertain. These findings were discussed vis‐à‐vis understanding implications of specific, discrete emotions on risky, ambiguous judgment and decision‐making.
Considerations on brain age predictions from repeatedly sampled data across time
Authors: Korbmacher Max , Wang Meng‐Yun , Eikeland Rune , Buchert Ralph , Andreassen Ole A. , Espeseth Thomas , Leonardsen Esten , Westlye Lars T. , Maximov Ivan I. , Specht Karsten
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Brain age, the estimation of a person's age from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters, has been used as a general indicator of health. The marker requires however further validation for application in clinical contexts. Here, we show how brain age predictions perform for the same individual at various time points and validate our findings with age‐matched healthy controls.

Methods

We used densely sampled T1‐weighted MRI data from four individuals (from two densely sampled datasets) to observe how brain age corresponds to age and is influenced by acquisition and quality parameters. For validation, we used two cross‐sectional datasets. Brain age was predicted by a pretrained deep learning model.

Results

We found small within‐subject correlations between age and brain age. We also found evidence for the influence of field strength on brain age which replicated in the cross‐sectional validation data and inconclusive effects of scan quality.

Conclusion

The absence of maturation effects for the age range in the presented sample, brain age model bias (including training age distribution and field strength), and model error are potential reasons for small relationships between age and brain age in densely sampled longitudinal data. Clinical applications of brain age models should consider of the possibility of apparent biases caused by variation in the data acquisition process.
Textural features of the frontal white matter could be used to discriminate amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients from the normal population
Authors: Zheng Wei , Mu Ronghua , Liu Fuzhen , Qin Xiaoyan , Li Xin , Yang Peng , Li Xin , Liang Yahui , Zhu Xiqi
Published: August 2023

Objective

We aim to develop a radiomics model based on 3‐dimensional (3D)‐T1WI images to discriminate amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients from the normal population by measuring changes in frontal white matter.

Methods

In this study, 126 patients with aMCI and 174 normal controls (NC) were recruited from the local community. All subjects underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging examination (including 3D‐T1WI ). Participants were randomly divided into a training set (n = 242, aMCI:102, NC:140) and a testing set (n = 58, aMCI:24, NC:34). Texture features of the frontal lobe were extracted from 3D‐T1WI images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to reduce feature dimensions and develop a radiomics signature model. Diagnostic performance was assessed in the training and testing sets using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were also calculated. The efficacy of the radiomics model in discriminating aMCI patients from the normal population was assessed by decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

A total of 108 frontal lobe texture features were extracted from 3D‐T1WI images. LASSO selected 58 radiomic features for the final model, including log‐sigma (n = 18), original (n = 8), and wavelet (n = 32) features. The performance of radiomic features extracted from 3D T1 imaging for distinguishing aMCI patients from controls was: in the training set, AUC was 1.00, and the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 100%, 98%, and 100%, respectively. In the testing set, AUC was 0.82 (95% CI:0.69–0.95), and the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 69%, 92%, and 55%, respectively. The DCA demonstrated that the model had favorable clinical predictive value.

Conclusions

Textural features of white matter in the frontal lobe showed potential for distinguishing aMCI from the normal population, which could be a surrogate protocol to aid aMCI screening in clinical setting.
Psychometric properties of the Big Three Perfectionism Scale‐Short Form (BTPS‐SF) among Iranian University students
Authors: Neshat Zahra , Bijari Azam Farah , Dehshiri Gholamreza
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Perfectionism is a common personality trait, particularly among university students. As awareness of this trait increases, research seeks to update tools for measuring it. The psychometric properties of the three‐dimensional perfectionism scale‐short form (BTPS‐SF) have not been studied in the Iranian population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of this 16‐item scale among Iranian university students.

Methods

The statistical population for this research included all students in Tehran. From this population, 528 students were selected, and data analysis was performed using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software.

Results

The findings showed that the BTPS‐SF has acceptable validity and reliability. Furthermore, a positive and significant correlation was found between perfectionism and interpersonal sensitivity, whereas a negative and significant correlation was found between perfectionism and self‐compassion.

Conclusion

Given the desirable psychometric properties of the Persian version of the BTPS‐SF, its use can be recommended to psychology experts in research and clinical evaluation situations.
Green is the new black: How research and development and green innovation provide businesses a competitive edge
Authors: Bataineh Mohammad Jamal , Sánchez‐Sellero Pedro , Ayad Fayssal
Published: August 2023

As part of the burgeoning research on green innovation (GI) and its influence on competitive advantage (CA), this paper examines the moderating effect of research and development (R&D) on this nexus. Our framework identifies five critical capabilities that contribute to CA, namely, firm image, labor costs, product differentiation, product quality, and market share. Using a novel bias‐correction methodology, we examined the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC in Spanish) database from 2003 to 2016 to determine whether GI practices foster CA. Treatment‐effects analyses, including propensity score matching and fuzzy difference‐in‐differences (DiD), demonstrated that R&D expenditures have a positive moderating effect on CA when controlling for the covariates GI practices, firm age, and firm size. This research advances our understanding of the interplay between GI practices, R&D investments, and CA and, as such, has implications for decision makers aiming to create sustainable CA through GI. Our findings are also highly relevant for firms seeking to remain competitive in today's evolving business climate.
The digitalization of sustainability reporting processes: A conceptual framework
Authors: Pizzi Simone , Mastroleo Giovanni , Venturelli Andrea , Caputo Fabio
Published: August 2023

Building on the contingency theory, the paper aims to shed light on the contribution provided by technological innovation on sustainability reporting quality. A fuzzy expert system (FES) was developed to evaluate the cumulative effects related to the adoption of digital devices in sustainability reporting practices. The analysis underlined the enabling role covered by Sustainable Enterprise Resources Planning (S‐ERP) systems on sustainability reporting processes. In detail, we found that the disclosure of environmental information using technological platforms can lead analysts to a more accurate evaluation.
Review recent rulings involving Title VII
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: August 2023

An overview of the key topics faced by higher education professionals with citations to noteworthy cases, statutes, regulations, and additional sources.
High‐intensity interval training in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Xudong , Shi Xuyuan , Yu Zhiruo , Ma Xuelei
Published: August 2023

Background

Women with breast cancer and improved survival often experience treatment‐related impairments. High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a promising exercise therapy modality for adult cancer patients. However, the overall effects of HIIT in breast cancer patients remain scarce and controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to comprehensively evaluate the impact of HIIT on health‐related outcomes in breast cancer patients.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to November 7, 2022. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials that compared HIIT interventions with usual care (UC) or MICT in breast cancer patients. The primary outcome assessed was physical fitness, and exploratory outcomes included body composition, blood‐borne biomarkers, and patient‐reported outcomes. Summary data were extracted, and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated for meta‐analysis. For outcomes that could not be pooled, a systematic review was conducted.

Results

Our analysis included 19 articles from 10 studies, encompassing 532 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Pooled results demonstrated that HIIT was superior to UC in improving peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). The SMD for VO2peak (L/min) and VO2peak (mL/kg/min) was 0.79 (95% CI 0.13, 1.45) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.01, 1.16), respectively. No significant differences in VO2peak were found between the HIIT and MICT groups. Meta‐analyses on body composition and blood‐borne biomarkers showed no significant differences between HIIT and UC. Systematic review indicated favorable effects of HIIT on muscle strength, fatigue, and emotional well‐being.

Conclusions

HIIT is a time‐efficient alternative to MICT for improving VO2peak and may also enhance muscle strength and alleviate fatigue and emotional symptoms in breast cancer patients. HIIT should be considered as an important component of exercise prescription in breast cancer care. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to determine the clinical significance of HIIT‐induced changes in terms of other outcomes in women with breast cancer.
Relapse of nephrotic syndrome with unusual thromboembolic event: A case report
Authors: Pournasiri Zahra , Hashemi Seyedeh Masumeh , Ahmadizadeh Seyyedeh Narjes , Yaghmaei Bahareh , Khalili Mitra , Behzad Azita , Soheili Amirali , Jamee Mahnaz
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical Message

Most children with nephrotic syndrome heal without any sequelae. However, rare life‐threatening complications such as thromboembolism may occur in pediatric nephrotic syndrome and should be considered in those with a new‐onset neurologic deficit.

The thromboembolism (TE) as a complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS) is rare and serious, and may involve renal, cerebral, pulmonary, or peripheral venous and/or arterial thrombosis. Here, we describe a 4.5‐year‐old male with a history of nephrotic syndrome, who developed hemorrhagic stroke in the territory of middle cerebral artery (MCA).
A case of trichotillomania and bulimia nervosa in a patient with adult‐onset attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Bhat Rakshita Ramesh , Vellekkat Faheem , Goutama Ivany Lestari , Gill Praneet Singh , Kakar Gauri , Jabeen Hafsa , Gireesh Krishnan , Sanker Vivek , Gupta Umang
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical Message

Identifying any potential comorbidity such as bulimia nervosa (BN) and ADHD in trichotillomania patients is essential for a thorough treatment plan. Combining a multidisciplinary approach was found to be feasible and effective in the treatment.

Trichotillomania is frequently considered an isolated disorder; nevertheless, emerging evidence suggests that other psychiatric conditions, including obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), eating disorders, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are often found to coexist. Several studies showed that eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa, were found in chronic hair‐pullers, while OCD was considered a factor in predicting the prevalence of eating disorders, as well as the severity of trichotillomania in the populations. While the relationship between trichotillomania and OCD has been quite well‐documented, the evidence of its association with bulimia nervosa and ADHD remains limited. Here, we report a case of trichotillomania with comorbid bulimia nervosa, major depressive disorder, and ADHD.
Photoinduced Pyridine N‐oxides Catalyzed Carbon Radical Generation from Alkylboronic Acids
Authors: Ascenzi‐Pettenuzzo Cristina , Nganda Juliet , Deng Yongming
Published: August 2023

Herein we report a protocol for the generation of alkyl carbon radicals from alkylboronic acids wherein photoexcited 4‐nitropyridine N‐oxide biradical features a catalyst to promote the nucleo‐homolytic substitution of boronic acids. With a wide range of readily available aliphatic boronic acids, including methyl boronic acid, the developed catalytic system demonstrates broad applicability for alkylation, amination, and cyanation.
Trichlates, an Unattended Class of Compounds: Characterization of Cl3CSO2Cl, and (H5O2)[Cl3CSO3]
Authors: Mertens Alisha , van Gerven David , Kunert Ilka , Wickleder Mathias S.
Published: August 2023

Chlorination of CS2 leads to trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride, Cl3CSCl, in moderate yields. The oxidation of Cl3CSCl with H2O2 gives Cl3CSO2Cl, the chloride of trichloromethanesulfonic acid. Cl3CSO2Cl is the crucial product for the preparation of trichloromethanesulfonates (“trichlates”) and has been characterized by IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray diffraction measurements (P‐1, a=609.99(5) pm, b=727.45(6) pm, c=782.49(7) pm, α=80.644(3)°, β=85.175(3)°, γ=88.311(3)°. The acid Cl3CSO3H can be gained in form of the hydrate (H5O2)[Cl3CSO3] in two different modifications (I: monoclinic, P21/n, Z=8, a=1292.47(7) pm, b=605.89(2) pm, c=2661.1(1) pm, β=98.708(4)°, V=1672.8(1) Å3; II: monoclinic, Cc, Z=4, a=699.80(5) pm, b=1054.72(8) pm, c=1139.88(8) pm, β=95.303(3)°, V=837.7(1) Å3. Both modifications have been investigated by IR spectroscopy, thermal analyses and theoretical calculations.
Association among β2‐adrenergic receptor autoantibodies and proximal left anterior descending artery lesions in patients with initial ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Dang Wenxi , Cao Ning , Zhang Yue , Li Weiping , Li Hongwei
Published: August 2023

Background

β2‐adrenergic receptor autoantibody (β2‐AA) are widely present in patients with many different types of cardiovascular diseases. Proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery lesions are associated with adverse prognostic events in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Hypothesis

β2‐AA is associated with the presence of proximal LAD lesions in patients with STEMI.

Methods

A cohort of 153 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) was enrolled in the study. Baseline characteristics were compared between the proximal LAD group (n = 62) and the nonproximal LAD group (n = 91). Admission serum of patients was collected to detect the level of β2‐AA. Data for echocardiogram within 24 hours after PPCI and at the 6‐month follow‐up were recorded.

Results

The optical density values and positive rates of β2‐AA in the proximal LAD group were higher than those in the nonproximal LAD group (p < 0.05). β2‐AA positively correlated with high sensitivity C‐reactive protein and peak N‐terminal pro‐B type natriuretic peptide levels in the proximal LAD group, but those were not relevant in the nonproximal LAD group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that high β2‐AA levels was independently associated with the presence of proximal LAD lesions in patients with STEMI. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve was used to show the efficiency of β2‐AA levels to detect proximal LAD lesions, and the AUC of the β2‐AA OD value was 0.658 (95% confidence interval 0.568−0.749; p = 0.001).

Conclusions

The STEMI patients with high β2‐AA levels had a greater possibility having proximal LAD lesions.
Electric vehicle lifecycle carbon emission reduction: A review
Authors: Gao Zhenhai , Xie Haicheng , Yang Xianbin , Zhang Lisheng , Yu Hanqing , Wang Wentao , Liu Yongfeng , Xu Youqing , Ma Bin , Liu Xinhua , Chen Siyan
Published: August 2023

Under the global carbon neutrality initiative, carbon emissions from the transportation sector are becoming increasingly prominent due to the growth in vehicle ownership. And electric mobility may be a potentially effective measure to reduce road traffic carbon emissions and achieve a green transformation of transportation. This paper systematically collates the relevant carbon accounting standards for the automotive industry and elaborates the current status of road transport greenhouse gas emissions by combining the data from the International Energy Agency. And by comparing the lifecycle carbon footprint of various energy types of vehicles, the necessity and feasibility of electric mobility to reduce carbon emissions are discussed. However, the comparison of vehicle lifecycle carbon footprints shows that electric vehicles (EVs) are not as environmentally friendly as expected, although they can significantly reduce road traffic carbon emissions. The high carbon emissions from the manufacturing process of the core components of EVs, especially the power battery, reduce the low‐carbon potential of electric mobility. Therefore, the carbon emission reduction strategies and outcomes of automakers in the automotive industry chain have been further reviewed. Finally, focusing on vehicle power batteries, this article reviews the technologies such as refined management and echelon utilization that can make EVs more environmentally friendly and promote carbon neutrality in the transportation sector.
An assessment of the psychometric properties and psychological correlates of the Greek COVID‐19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C‐19ASS)
Authors: Seydavi Mohammad , Troulli Michalitsa Despoina , Akbari Mehdi , Nikčević Ana V. , Spada Marcantonio M.
Published: August 2023

In Greece, the COVID‐19 pandemic was associated with social isolation, economic crisis, considerable unemployment, and an escalation of psychological distress. Given the potential of COVID‐19 to engender a long‐lasting impact on mental health, validating the COVID‐19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C‐19ASS) may be beneficial in determining if fear‐based behaviors may persist post‐pandemic. This is a psychometric study examining the C‐19ASS features across a general sample of Greeks (n = 912; female = 78%; mean age = 32.35, ±9.25). The Greek C‐19ASS demonstrated a two‐factor structure consistent with the original scale's perseveration and avoidance subscales. This structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis, which demonstrated a strong fit and robust reliability along with good divergent and convergent validity evidenced by correlational analyses. The incremental validity test revealed that the Greek C‐19ASS predicted functional impairment and COVID‐19 anxiety independently of health anxiety, generalized anxiety, and depressive symptoms, the Big Five personality traits, pandemic‐related factors, and demographic variables. The findings were discussed using a self‐regulatory executive function model as a theoretical background to discuss this pandemic‐related phenomenon.
Effects of DPS on Surface Roughness and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Copper Foils
Authors: Zhang Ran , Yang Sen , Qin Shuiping , Wang Pengju , Wang Wenchang , Mitsuzaki Naotoshi , Chen Zhidong
Published: August 2023

The roughness and mechanical properties of ultra‐low profile electrolytic copper foil seriously affect and restrict its application in high‐frequency/high‐speed printed circuit boards and Li‐ion batteries. herein, the electrochemical behavior and mechanism of 3‐N,N‐dimethylaminodithiocarbamoyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid (DPS), alcohol sulfur propane sulfonate (HP), and hydrolisis animal protein (HAP) as composite additive for electrodeposition of copper foil is reported. Meanwhile, the effect of DPS on the roughness and mechanical properties of electrolytic copper foils is also investigated. The results show that addition of DPS further reduces the surface roughness of copper foil, due to the enhanced competitive adsorption of DPS with HAP, arising from the synergistic interaction between DPS and HP. additionally, the DPS can also reduce the grain size of copper foil and change the preferred orientation of the crystal plane, thereby improving the tensile strength of copper foil. The surface roughness of copper foil is as below as 1.02 µm. The tensile strength and the elongation of copper foil reach 386.5 MPa and 3.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the as‐obtained copper foil has high corrosion resistance and low resistivity. Therefore, the novel composite additive can pave the way for improving the quality of electrodeposited copper foil and realizing the possibility of widespread application.
Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface, Optical, Thermal, NLO, and DFT Analyses of 5‐Methyl‐1H‐Imidazole‐3‐Ium‐4‐ Carboxybutanoate crystal
Authors: Karthika K. , Senthilkumar C. , Dhivya K. S. , Srinivasan M. , Srinivasan P.
Published: August 2023

An organic 5‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole‐3‐ium‐4‐carboxybutanoate (5MIC) co‐crystal is grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique (SEST) at room temperature. The 5MIC is synthesized using 4‐methylimidazole and glutaric acid in a 1:1 ratio using methanol as a solvent. The 5MIC crystal lattice parameters are identified using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The experimental X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and DFT structural parameter values have good correlations. The intermolecular interactions of the 5MIC crystal are found using Hirshfeld surface and 2D fingerprint plots. The computed C–N stretching vibration of the imidazole ring is observed at 1498, 1233, and 1064 cm−1. The HOMO is located on 4‐methylimidazole moiety of 5MIC molecule. Densities of state are used to find out the molecular orbital compositions of the 5MIC molecule. Mulliken analysis shows that the C13 (−0.86) atom has the lowest negative charge. The MEP surface color coded of 5MIC lies between 7.950 e−3 and −7.950 e−3. The 5MIC molecule has four types of intermolecular transitions. The first‐order hyperpolarizability (β) value of 5MIC molecule is 5.48×10−30 esu. The 5MIC crystal is thermaly stable up to 146 °C. The photoluminescence emission is observed from 400 to 600 nm. The 5MIC crystal shows SHG characteristics.