bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pouvoirs et organisations locales. Vers un nouveau paradigme politique
Authors: Biarez Sylvie
Published: December 2021

Powers and local organizations, Towards a new political paradigm.

The way in which social sciences develop is linked with the forms taken by research within local organizations. In the Seventies, local systems were studied within the field of political sociology. Domination and relationship were the main components of power. According to this point of view, local power was only a functional power or a power without a real existence. The Eighties were the years of the triumph of economics and the period of the pre-eminence of the actor. The management approach prevailed and local power was considered as a relation-based process following the development of multiform organizations. More recently given the absence of new political theories, uncertainty has characterized the nature of powers within local systems.
Pouvoir et/ou taille de la firme. Quelle dimension pertinente pour analyser les relations inter-entreprises ?
Authors: Bouvier-Patron Paul
Published: December 2021

Poder y/o tamaño de la empresa ¿ Qué dimensión pertinente permite analizar las relaciones interempresariales ?

La importancia del concepto de poder en las relaciones interempresariales, aun cuando falten los nexos financieros (unilaterales, bilaterales, multilaterales), el deseo de integración vertical o de fusión entre las empresas concernidas. Parece, en efecto, que las estructuraciones interempresariales fundamentadas en actividades complementarias hoy se desarrollan y se estabilizan sin necessidad de nexos financieros o de integración vertical, sino solo por el poder de negociación que permite equilibrar las relaciones.
Pouvoir interactif des intervenants en management stratégique
Authors: Plane Jean-Michel
Published: December 2021

The interactive power of consultants in strategic management.

This paper is meant to explain the consultant-actors organisational effects caused by the development of interactions as regards experiment and researd in management. Our propose is to show the existence of an interactive power specific to the consultant-researcher in management which is a source of transformation, human development and creation of knowledge. This strategy of intervention is characterized by the organization of a destabilisation-stabilisation dialectics of the actors generating human energy, transformations and deep changes.
Interprétabilité des règles et confiance dans la dynamique des organisations
Authors: Dupuy Claude , Kechidi Med
Published: December 2021

Une organisation est constituée d'un ensemble de règles susceptibles d'être interprétées par leurs membres. La dynamique des organisations repose sur des phénomènes d'interaction ou sur des repères stables (règles, routines, procédures) explicites ou implicites. L'organisation stabilise la coordination des comportements des acteurs mais ne se confond pas avec une totalité préexistante à leur action. Elle est une construction sociale au sein de laquelle la confiance joue, comme les règles, un rôle essentiel dans la coordination des individus.
Communication d'entreprise et pouvoir managérial
Authors: Floris Bernard
Published: December 2021

Comunicacion empresarial y poder del management

Segun el enfoque de las ciencias de la comunicación, analisis de las transformaciones del poder simbólico en las empresas. El management participativo permitió la organización de una función de comunicación que da pie para el desarrollo de una ingenieria simbólica. Esta consiste en un conjunto de tecnologias intelectuales que tienden a reproducir la ideologia del management y a facilitar la integración simbólica de los asalariados en los objetivos del management.
La relation sujet-objet dans la théorie de la connaissance. L 'économiste et l 'organisation
Authors: Mignot Jean-Pierre , Poncet Christian
Published: December 2021

The Subject-Object Relation in the Theory of Knowledge. The Economist Faced to the Organizations

Starting from an example - the economic approach of organizations - and using a critical method this article shows that economics refuses to deal with a certain number of essential questions, and particularly the two questions of the object (the technique, the market) and of time. Now these two pose permanent questions for the theory of knowledge in economics. On the other hand, by positing the primacy of the subject, one completely reverses the method, thus opening the road to a theory of intersubjectivity which favours knowledge, to the detriment of implementation.
Économie des réseaux et structuration de l 'espace. Pour une économie politique de la culture et de la communication
Authors: Herscovici Alain
Published: December 2021

Economia de las redes y estruturación del espacio. Para una economia politica de la cultura y de la comunicación

Este articulo tiene por objeto, a partir de un enfoque económico, entender los principales cambios que intervinieron en el campo de la cultura y de la comunicación. Se trata, por una parte, de estudiar la naturaleza y la dinamica de los nuevos sistemas de redes y, por otra parte, de analizar las implicaciones sociales y culturales que de ellos resultan, especialmente concerniente a nueva definición de la discriminación publico/privado y a la estructuración del espacio.
Les industries culturelles contre le droit d'auteur
Authors: Galloul Mahfoud
Published: December 2021

El problema de la retribución de los derechos de autor

La integración económica de las técnicas y de los servicios del multimedia conducen a trivializar a los autores y a borrar el estatuto original de las obras. Asi es como la industria de los "productos culturales" hace mas problematico el acceso del publico a la cultura y favorece una concepción estrictamente mercantil de la creación.
La réponse socio-politique au message scientifique sur le réchauffement du climat
Authors: Guay Louis
Published: December 2021

Les informations sur les changements climatiques sont des messages, au sens fort du terme, qui produisent des réactions dans et en dehors des communautés scientifiques dans lesquelles ils sont produits, et en particulier au sein même de la sphère politique. Elles provoquent des réactions et influencent les pratiques et les représentations. Cet article se propose d'étudier la façon dont se comportent, dans le cadre canadien, les acteurs concernés par la médiatisation des changements climatiques.
Approche micro-linguistique d'une catastrophe naturelle
Authors: Adam Jean-Michel
Published: December 2021

Parmi les grandes "familles événementielles" de la presse écrite, les catastrophes naturelles constituent une sous-rubrique de la famille "catastrophes", avec les accidents d'avions et les désastres écologiques. En examinant quelques aspects de la façon dont la presse suisse de langue française a relaté l'inondation de Brigue (Valais) du 24 septembre 1993, cet article examine les variations d'un certain nombre de faits linguistiques ayant la dimension de la phrase (utilisation de la phrase passive) et de la séquence narrative. Il pose la question des frontières qui séparent le récit proprement dit de la simple description d'actions/événements.
La modernisation des services publics. Essai de construction de l 'objet
Authors: Hérault Bruno
Published: December 2021

En sociologie, le thème du "renouveau du service public" mobilise plusieurs courants d'étude. Ainsi, certains chercheurs adoptent une perspective de sociologie du travail administratif. D'autres s'inscrivent plutôt dans le champ de la sociologie des organisations bureaucratiques. D'autres encore privilégient l'analyse des program¬ mes publics gouvernementaux. Pour notre part, au-delà des avantages et des limites de ces différentes approches, nous préférons insister sur le caractère intrinsèquement politique des services publics, ce qui milite en faveur d'une véritable sociologie politique. Une telle problématique amène à considérer la modernisation des services publics comme une des composantes contemporaines du processus multiséculaire de rationalisation de la gestion des affaires humaines. En particulier, plusieurs études empiriques montrent qu'il y a aujourd'hui une disjonction entre le "service public" apparenté à l'État et 1' "intérêt général" pris en charge par l'ensemble des collectivités publiques du système politique.
Les sources originelles de la notion de service public
Authors: Espagno Delphine
Published: December 2021

La question de la crise de la notion de service public ne peut-être envisagée sans préalablement se poser la question des sources de cet objet juridique. Antérieures à la construction de l'État moderne, elles prennent racine dans des terreaux relativement anciens, notamment dans l'Antiquité et la société féodale. Retrouver ces sources, c'est en quelque sorte retrouver le service public.
De la crise comme élément d'identification du service public français de l'audiovisuel
Authors: Regourd Serge
Published: December 2021

De la crisis como elemento de identificación del servicio publico francés del audiovisual

En Francia, desde hace varias décadas, la situación normal del audiovisual publico, y en particular de la television, parece ser una situación de crisis. Las crisis se suceden como factores de regulación, con el telon de la relativización creciente de la noción de servicio publico, que por cierto se va abandonando en beneficio de la noción mas "neutra" de sector publico. La inseguridad juridica, económica y "politica" que ahora lo caracteriza no le permite emanciparse de las situaciones de crisis.
Organisation du travail, processus d' intermédiation et espace local. Le cas des agents du Service public de l'emploi
Authors: Charlier Myriam
Published: December 2021

Work organisation, methods of intervention and the local area. The case of the officials in the Public Employment Agencies

The construction of local units is a means for the centralized level to maintain the social representations which accord with the labour market. This theoretical presupposition is a way of giving the Public Employment Service (Service public de l'emploi : SPE in french) officials responsibilities which accord with the local situation in their intervention zone. Actually, by specific practices, these officials are supposed to solve the employment issues. But, on the other hand, when we analyse the construction of the relations which are established between these officials and the work organization, the division of labour and the transformations of these organizations, it appears that for the above mentioned officials it is impossible to initiate at the local level. The study of the relations at the local level between the SPE officials and the users of this service may pinpoint a number of paradoxes between the national (state) intentions and the local realities. These paradoxes may explain in part the present crisis of the SPE.
Le sens de l'urgence
Authors: Aubert Nicole
Published: December 2021

El sentido de urgencia

La práctica de la acción en urgencia que invade los ámbitos sociales y empresariales proviene de un proceso triple de instantaneidad, de compresión y de aceleración del tiempo mundial. Constituye un sintoma de la pérdida del sentido colectivo que afecta a la sociedad y se traduce por la imposibilidad de establecer una representación significativa y coherente del futuro. En el contexto de angustia asi provocada, el culto de la acción en urgencia funciona como un sucedáneo de sentido, como si la rapidez de resolución de los problemas pudiera, ella sola, dar sentido a la acción. "Desideologizar" la urgencia parece ser una etapa necesaria, para encontrar o al menos para volver a apropiarse un tiempo que dejamos escapar a la diferencia del espacio que hemos conseguido conquistar.
L'urgence en politique. Temps de l'action et temps du discours
Authors: Monnoyer-Smith Laurence
Published: December 2021

La urgencia en politico. El tiempo de la acción y el tiempo del discurso

La ideologia de la urgencia, cuyo desarrollo se puede comprobar en la empresa, también concierne la esfera politica en la que parece como un modo de acción susceptible de responder a las crisis crónicas de los paises europeos. Esto se traduce en el discurso politico por una valorización de la acción inmediata en detrimento del largo plazo, y por un desajuste creciente entre el discurso, lleno de promesas, y la acción, que necesita más tiempo. El hecho de recurrir al peritaje puede analizarse como una forma de tratamiento discursivo de la urgencia cuya ventaja es relacionar el poder legitimador y la aceleración del proceso de decisión, en detrimento de los ideales democráticos.
Le «pays », territoire de l'environnement ? La protection de la nature en Puisaye
Authors: Alphandéry Pierre , Pinton Florence
Published: December 2021

i El «Pays », territorio del medio ambiente ? La protección de la naturaleza en Puisaye

La Puisaye es el centro de polîticas publicas y de acciones asociativas cuyo objetivo es la protección de una naturaleza cada vez mas amenazada. Pero estas intervenciones no consiguen suscitar un proyecto colectivo que traduzca en la prâctica la idea de territorio, cuando la notion de «pays » esta constantemente evocada para définir la Puisaye. i Cómo se puede interpretar la dinâmica que hace de la naturaleza un elemento de identificación y de diferenciación ? i Sólo se puede considerar la multiplicación de las areas protegidas como un producto turístico y un indicio de la fragmentación del espacio ? O esta dinâmica podría convertirse en el vector de un proyecto territorial global ? Pero en este ultimo caso, i cuales serian las media-ciones ?
Le marché et la convention à l'épreuve de l'organisation
Authors: Neuville Jean-Philippe
Published: December 2021

Market and convention put to the test of hierarchy

Based on empirical research carried out in the automobile industry, this paper sets out to test various figures of market and convention grafted on to the governance of industrial organization. These grafts are developed by the total quality management system (TQM) through some specific notions such as «customer », «supplier-customer contract » and «quality standard ». With these notions, TQM tries to renew the authority principle of hierarchical governance by redistributing fair and right between employees. Our results show that substitutes for market and convention in TQM, even if they offer a new legitimacy for subordination, don't have any effect on organization.
Virage ambulatoire et autoroutes de l'information dans le secteur de la santé
Authors: Carré Dominique , Lacroix Jean-Guy
Published: December 2021

Depuis le milieu des années 1990, le système de santé connaît des transformations Cela se traduit par des volontés de réformes et par une réorganisation des soins s' appuyant tout particulièrement sur l'intégration des nouvelles techniques d'information et de communication. La transformation du secteur de la santé repose sur une solution, le virage ambulatoire. C'est ce dernier qui est ici analysé. Il s'appuie sur quatre éléments : la mise en réseau technique du secteur de la santé, le dossier informatisé du patient, la prise en charge plus collective du patient par les professionnels du soin, et son autonomisation. Cette situation favorise l'accroissement des
Campus virtuel, marché réel
Authors: Mœglin Pierre , Tremblay Gaëtan
Published: December 2021

Cet article examine l'hypothèse qu'une même dynamique est sous-jacente à l'ensemble des projets de campus virtuel, aussi disparates soient-ils. Y seraient en jeu des tentatives pour appliquer à la formation les règles du marché et de la production industrielle des produits et des services de l'information et de la communication. L'analyse en repère les traces en divers processus : la segmentation des tâches et la rationalisation organisationnelle, la substitution et la capitalisation, la marchandisa¬ tion et la privatisation, la servuction et la médiation technologique, la réingénierie didactique. La conclusion qu'on en tire reste cependant nuancée. Si les avancées de l'industrialisation sont indéniables, la totalité du champ de la formation est loin d'être entièrement marchandisée et industrialisée.
Commerce électronique et services
Authors: Monnoyer-Longé Marie-Christine
Published: December 2021

Comercio electrónico y servicios

Al hacerse electrónica, la distribution permite e implica una revision del tipo y de las modalidades de los intercambios informativos y comerciales entre el productor, el cliente y los intermediaries. Dado que la comunicaciôn se hace interactiva, el intercambio de informaciones va diversificândose, a pesar de la distancia. Este texto pone de realce la dimension «servicial » del comercio electrônico y recalca los analisis de la interaction en los servicios para proponer unos criterios de diferenciación de los sitios electrónicos.
Construction territoriale et dynamiques économiques
Authors: Colletis Gabriel , Gilly Jean-Pierre , Leroux Isabelle , Pecqueur Bernard , Perrat Jacques , Rychen Frédéric , Zimmermann Jean-Benoît
Published: December 2021

L'approche retenue dans cet article s'inscrit dans une perspective de définition des modes de développement local et envisage les dynamiques de construction de ressources qui génèrent les avantages des territoires. La démarche repose sur l'analyse des comportements des acteurs, de la nature des proximités sur lesquelles ils s'appuient et des modes de gouvernance territoriale qu'ils tendent à mettre en place. En se référant aux trois grandes dimensions de la proximité : géographique, organisationnelle et institutionnelle, il est proposé une typologie des modes de développement local afin de jeter les bases d'une analyse de la dynamique institutionnelle des territoires à travers la notion de gouvernance territoriale. Par la confrontation de ces élaborations conceptuelles à des études de terrain, sera enfin tentée une esquisse davantage normative, en vue d'éclairer la mise en œuvre et la conduite de stratégies publiques de construction territoriale.
Analysis of the mixing efficiency of the components of the iron-phosphate mixture in the dry state
Authors: Vadim Selyverstov , Yurii Dotsenko
Published: December 2021

The results of researches of influence of time of mixing of initial components in a dry condition on degree of assimilation of iron-containing component of forming and core iron-phosphate cold-hardening mixes are presented. The percentage of assimilation of the dispersed iron-containing component after each minute of mixing in laboratory runners with a total mixing time of 15 minutes was determined experimentally. Using the original method of particle separation, under the microscope were separated scale particles that were not assimilated (not distributed on the surface of the sand), and weighed them. The dependences of the degree of assimilation of the metal component of the iron-phosphate mixture on the mixing time at different initial contents are obtained. It is shown that the highest degree of absorption of the iron-containing component of iron-phosphate mixtures is achieved by mixing the components of the mixture for the first four to five minutes. Then this figure begins to decrease as the grains begin to collapse under the action of the rolls of the runners, and the forces of electrostatic interaction between the surfaces of the grains and the dispersion medium are reduced compared to the forces of mutual gravity between the dispersed particles of iron-containing component of the mixture. Based on the analysis of theoretical positions and the results of experimental studies, the assumption is made about the possibility of adjusting the conditions and parameters of solidification of phosphate binder systems, in particular using iron-containing filler of a certain dispersion and mixing the components in the dry state for some time. It is known that for mixing the components and assimilation of the required part of the iron-containing component of the mixture uses a significant amount of energy (depending on the type of unit used). To reduce the energy consumption of this process, the urgent task is to determine the degree of assimilation of the iron-containing component of phosphate cold-hardening mixtures in their manufacture by mixing the components in the dry state.
Keywords: iron-phosphate cold-hardening mixture, mixing in the dry state, interaction, adhesion, experiment, research, dependence
Household water consumption behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with COVID-19 cases
Authors: Birişçi Esma , Öz Ramazan
Published: December 2021

The use of existing water resources and sustainability problems as a result of global warming and climate change became an even bigger problem with the importance of hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research, the water consumption behavior will be researched and the correlation between water consumption and COVID-19 case numbers will be investigated in Bursa, Turkey. The monthly mean water consumption for 758,500 domicile subscribers using the central tariff from 2018–2020 was calculated. Results obtained using the SPSS 23 IBM program observed a 20.18% increase in water consumption in Bursa in general during COVID-19. As Bursa province has both rural and industrial urban structures, when this increase is examined on a county basis, increase rates were 10% in regions with dense industry and mean 34% in rural areas. When the correlation between case numbers during the COVID-19 period (March 2020-January 2021) and water consumption is examined, a negative correlation is notable (Pearson-Correlation=-0.616). As the case numbers increased in the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, the reduction in water consumption may be explained by warnings to citizens to reduce water use through written and oral media due to reservoir fill rates falling below 5%. These results provide beneficial information revealing the effects of COVID-19 on water consumption behavior and use of water resources in urban and rural areas.
Dynamics of microelements (B, Al) in the water samples from the Prut river during the 2020 year
Authors: Ciorba Petru
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research was to study the dynamics of microelement content, the correlation between the main forms of migration of microelements (B, Al) - dissolved and suspended forms, except colloidal, and to study their seasonal variation. The main form of migration of the metalloid B in the waters of the Prut river is the dissolved one, while the migration form of Al is the suspensions. In this research, the content of the mentioned microelements was investigated in the water samples collected from the Prut River in 2020 (winter, spring, summer, and autumn) from 7 collection points. The microelements were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Perkin-Elmer AAnalist 400 atomic absorption spectrophotometer). The importance of determining trace elements in natural waters is determined by a number of issues, including the need to monitor the environment and assess environmental risks and assess their influence on living systems. The results of studying these forms of migration (dissolved and suspended) allow us a fuller understanding of their role in the migration of microelements in aquatic ecosystems in the system "water-suspensions-underwater deposits-hydrobionts".
Study on the chemical potential of apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and myricetin using the molecular modeling
Authors: Gosav Steluta , Hodorogea Adriana , Maftei Dan
Published: December 2021

In the present paper, the chemical potential of four flavonoids i.e. apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and myricetin, of interest in the pharmaceutical industry was investigated using molecular modelling. The equilibrium geometry of molecular structures was calculated in the gas phase and ground state by using B3LYP hybrid functional in conjunction with a 6-311G(d,p) basis set. In order to assess the chemical potential of investigated flavonoids, the main quantum molecular descriptors, such as the dipole moment, the energy of the highest/lowest occupied/unoccupied molecular orbital, the gap energy, the electronegativity, the chemical hardness/softness, and the electrophilicity index have been computed. Also, the influence of the hydroxylation degree of chemical compounds on the chemical potential is discussed.
Konsep Keseimbangan Dalam Pemberlakuan Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif
Authors: Sakti La Ode Awal
Published: December 2021

Pembaharuan dalam sistem hukum pidana terkait penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif dianggap perlu untuk dilakukan analisis konsep keseimbangan perlindungan pelaku dan korban tindak pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan konsep keseimbangan perlindungan pelaku dan korban tindak pidana dengan adanya penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif. Metode penelitian ini adalah normatif, menemukan suatu aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, maupun doktrin-doktrin hukum guna menjawab isu hukum yang dihadapi. . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif pelaku tindak pidana mendapatkan perlindungan hukum diantaranya perkara diselesaikan di luar proses peradilan, terhindar dari perampasan kemerdekaan dan efek negatif yang ditimbulkan sistem peradilan pidana seperti dehumanisasi (menurunnya nilai kemanusiaan), prisonisasi (pengaruh pembelajaran kejahatan) dan stigmatisasi (cap jahat). Sedangkan perlindungan hukum terhadap korban diwujudkan dengan memulihkan keadaan seperti semula dengan cara mengembalikan barang kepada korban, mengganti kerugian korban dan biaya yang ditimbulkan serta memperbaiki kerusakan akibat tindak pidana yang dilakukan. Pemberlakuan merupakan bentuk penyelesaian yang mampu melahirkan win-win solutions bagi semua pihak.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Sub sektor Tekstil dan Garmen
Authors: Mustikasari Dewi , Situngkir Tiar Lina
Published: December 2021

Pasar modal mempunyai dampak yang cukup besar bagi perusahaan industri, untuk bisa memperoleh tambahan dana dari para investor dengan mempertimbangkan kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan sub sektor tekstil dan garmen selama periode 2015-2019. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan keuangan setiap tahun. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 21 perusahaan sub sektor tekstil dan garmen dan yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 6 perusahaan. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap harga saham perusahaan sub sektor tekstil dan garmen periode 2015-2019. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa profitabilitas meningkatkan harga saham perusahaan.
Habilidades psicosociales y su influencia en niveles de riesgo de estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Salas Lila , Montaño Fany , Yengle Carlos
Published: December 2021

El objetivo fue determinar la influencia de las habilidades psicosociales en el nivel de riesgo de estudiantes de nivel secundario distrito de Hunter Arequipa - 2018. Se utilizó el enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo correlacional, de nivel explicativo y diseño no experimental. La población y muestra consta de 265 estudiantes de dos instituciones educativas del nivel secundario del sector público del distrito de Hunter. Los datos fueron procesados en los programas Excel y SPSS V22. Para la primera variable de habilidades psicosociales se encontró que un 56.60% se ubica en el nivel alto, un 30.20% se ubica en nivel bajo y un 13.2% en nivel regular. La segunda variable nivel de riesgo indica que un 35.50% se ubica en el nivel bajo, un 34.30% se ubica en nivel regular y un 30.20% en nivel alto. Se ha logrado determinar que la correlación entre las dos variables explica un 81% de la varianza de la variable dependiente, con R2 corregido de 0,814. Además, el error típico de los residuos ha disminuido, lo que indica una pequeña mejora en el ajuste.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF PLASTIC INGUINAL HERNIA LAPAROSCOPIC AND TRADITIONAL METHODS
Authors:   JSC «A.N. Syzganov National Scientific Center for Surgery», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Akhmet Diyar , Baimakhanov Zhasulan , Nurlanbayev Erik , Matkerimov Askar , Chormanov Almat , Baimakhanov Bolatbek
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study. Conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the results of laparoscopic and traditional methods of inguinal hernia repair, patients treated at the surgical departments at “A.N. Syzganov National Scientific Center of Surgery”, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Materials and methods. In the period from January 2017 to December 2020 137 patients were operated at the “A.N. Syzganov National Scientific Center of Surgery” in a planned manner for inguinal hernia and all patients were divided into 2 main groups: operated by traditional methods and laparoscopic method. Results.The data of the analysis suggests that the laparoscopic method of hernioplasty has an advantage over the traditional methods. Conclusion. Based on a comparative analysis of the indicators of patients in both groups, it can be concluded that the duration of the operation for laparoscopic hernia repair is 92.3 minutes, significantly more than with traditional methods, which is 79.4 minutes. Despite this, the duration of analgesic therapy in the postoperative period with laparoscopic hernia repair is 2.4 days, and the duration of hospital stay after surgery is 3 days, much less than with traditional methods, in which the duration of analgesic therapy in the postoperative period is 3, 3 days, and the duration of hospital stay after surgery is 4.6 days. This analysis suggests that laparoscopic hernioplasty has an advantage over traditional methods.
DE NOVO AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN CHILDREN. REVIEW
Authors:   JSC “National Scientific Center of surgery named after A.N.Syzganov”, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yerimova Nazira , Akhbetova Aruzhan
Published: December 2021

De novo autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a clinical disease similar to AIH that develops in liver transplant recipients with diseases other than AIH. Timely recognition of this disease makes it possible to avoid graft rejection and liver re-transplantation (LT), liver fibrosis, and can ensure a long life expectancy, given the effectiveness of more active immunosuppression with the use of corticosteroids and azathioprine, as in the treatment of idiopathic AIH. The de novo prefix was added to distinguish this condition from primary autoimmune hepatitis prior to transplant, but the diagnostic algorithm adopted generally accepted diagnostic criteria for autoimmune hepatitis. In fact, de novo autoimmune hepatitis is characterized by typical necroinflammation of the liver, rich in plasma cells, increased serum gammaglobulin levels, and the appearance of inorganic specific autoantibodies. However, the general signs of autoimmune hepatitis de novo, apparently, cannot be associated with an unambiguous pathophysiological pathway, since they can develop in patients undergoing liver transplantation due to different etiologies. The literature review presents such aspects as the prevalence of this case, the influence of the HLA phenotype on the manifestation and outcome of the disease, diagnosis and treatment. Objective. To conduct a literary meta-analysis of scientific publications on the development of De novo Autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in children. Materials and methods. The authors selected scientific bases for the search such as: Web of science, Cyberleninka, UpToDate, Pubmed and Cochrane, Google Scholar. Results. A meta-analysis of scientific articles in English and Russian was carried out for the selected keywords. The causes of development were not infectious or surgical complications. Liver biopsy revealed histological changes typical of acute or chronic ovulation. High levels of transaminases, hypergammaglobulinemia, positivity to autoantibodies – ANA, AMA, SMA, anti-LKM-1. De novo AIH patients did not respond to conventional anti-rejection therapy, but responded only to classical AIH therapy.
Substrate-induced electrostatic potential varies composition of supported lipid bilayer containing anionic lipid
Authors: Tero Ryugo , Kobayashi Natsumi
Published: December 2021

Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are artificial lipid bilayers at solid–liquid interfaces applied as cell membrane model systems. An advantage of the artificial system is that the lipid composition can be controlled arbitrarily. On the other hand, the SLB formation process and its efficiency are affected by the properties of the solid substrate surface. In this study, we investigated the effect of the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged SiO2/Si substrate surface and the lipid bilayer membrane on the composition of binary SLBs comprising anionic and neutral lipids. The phase transition temperature and the area fraction of lipid domains of SLB were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The neutral lipid was preferably included in SLB, but the anionic lipid ratio increased with Ca2+ concentration during the SLB formation. The lipid composition in SLB can be controlled by modulating the substrate-induced electrostatic potential.
Dynamically tunable ultralong photonic nanojets by a curved surface truncated dielectric microcylinder
Authors: Xing Yi , Shu Fengfeng , Xing Huaming , Wu Yihui
Published: December 2021

As for microparticles (microspheres or microcylinders) that form photonic nanojets (PNJs) in the near field, a curved truncated dielectric microcylinder structure (CSTDM) is investigated by the finite element method which can form ultralong PNJs with the longest effective length: 209.49

λ
.

Changing parameter h of the structure can realize long dynamic range tuning of the effective length of the PNJ. The effective length varies quasi-periodically with h; the law of the variation of main indicators of the microcylinder is further discussed, such as the effective length, the working distance, peak electric field intensity, and full width at half height.
Simultaneous measurement of photocurrent and recombination emission in organic solar cell
Authors: Lee Ji-Hyun , Hiramoto Masahiro , Izawa Seiichiro
Published: December 2021

Charge transfer (CT) state is a key intermediate to understand recombination processes in organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, we measured the recombination emission from the CT state under different applied voltages in OSCs and a photocurrent density flowing on the circuit simultaneously. We proposed a “photoluminescence (PL)–voltage (V) plot” that is the voltage dependence of PL intensity of the CT state. The PL–V plot includes information only from the CT state recombination at the donor/acceptor interface and is complementary to the “current density (J)–V plot” that is the most important information for evaluating OSCs. The results demonstrated that the fill factor (FF) of the PL–V plot is higher than that of the J–V plot, predicting the ideal FF of the device. Our result demonstrated that the simultaneous measurement of photocurrent and recombination emission could be a strong tool for evaluating photoconversion characteristics in OSCs.
Fabrication of BaSi2 homojunction diodes on Nb-doped TiO2 coated glass substrates by aluminum-induced crystallization and two-step evaporation method
Authors: Kurokawa Yasuyoshi , Yoshino Takamasa , Gotoh Kazuhiro , Miyamoto Satoru , Usami Noritaka
Published: December 2021

BaSi2 homojunction diodes on Nb-doped TiO2 (TiO2:Nb) coated glass substrates were fabricated using aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) and a two-step evaporation method. From Raman scattering spectra, the growth of BaSi2 on TiO2:Nb was confirmed when the thickness of poly-Si grown by AIC (AIC-Si) was more than 150 nm. The partial formation of BaSi2 diodes was confirmed from the samples prepared at temperature during AIC T
AIC = 475 °C–525 °C. The long-wavelength edge of photoresponsivity of the diodes was located around 950 nm, which corresponds to the bandgap of BaSi2 of 1.3 eV, suggesting that this photocurrent is derived from BaSi2 thin films. At T
AIC = 500 °C, the maximum value of photoresponsivity was obtained. Since the largest grains in AIC-Si were also obtained at T
AIC = 500 °C, these results suggest that larger grain of AIC-Si leads to the improvement of the quality of BaSi2 thin films themselves and the performance of BaSi2 diodes.
Improvement of Q
rr
–I
DSS and dynamic avalanche of field-plate MOSFET by local lifetime control on the cathode side
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Nishiwaki Tatsuya , Goryu Akihiro , Kachi Tsuyoshi , Gejo Ryohei , Gangi Hiro , Inokuchi Tomoaki , Takao Kazuto
Published: December 2021

Reducing the reverse recovery charge (Q
rr) is effective for reducing switching loss in field plate (FP)-MOSFETs. A lifetime killer is utilized to reduce Q
rr while increasing the leakage current in the off-state. Device simulation shows that a local lifetime killer on the cathode side successfully improves the trade-off between Q
rr and I
DSS in comparison with that of a uniform lifetime killer. A known issue of cathode lifetime killers is overshoot voltage by hard recovery. However, the overshoot voltage of FP-MOSFET decreases with a cathode lifetime killer owing to an internal snubber, which is a feature of FP-MOSFETs. An internal snubber with a large series resistance causes a dynamic avalanche by both the increase of FP potential and excess carriers in high-speed operation. The cathode lifetime killer also improves dynamic avalanche by excess carriers. Consequently, the cathode lifetime killer is preferable for high-speed FP-MOSFETs because the Q
rr–I
DSS trade-off and the trade-off between dynamic avalanche and I
DSS are effectively improved.
Ureteropieloplastía desmembrada como tratamiento de la obstrucción ureteropiélica
Authors: Dos-santos Jéshua , Bolaños-Bendfeldt Javier
Published: December 2021

La obstrucción urinaria es cualquier restricción al flujo urinario que, mediante un incremento de la presión retrógrada, inicia una compleja secuencia de procesos que puede causar una alteración de la función renal, aunque cuando ocurre durante la época fetal, sus efectos pueden ser más importantes. Se presenta el caso de un paciente, masculino de 10 meses de edad, con diagnóstico de hidronefrosis grado IV debido a obstrucción ureteropiélica.
Enfermedad de Dupuytren en mujer de 23 años con síndrome de ovario poliquístico
Authors: López-Monzón Mario , Morales Julio , Vivar Andrea
Published: December 2021

La enfermedad de Dupuytren (ED) es una fibromatosis benigna, afectando el desarrollo del tejido conectivo en las manos, a nivel de la aponeurosis palmar y digital, que se presenta más frecuentemente en hombres y tiene una prevalencia de 5% en caucásicos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 23 años, con antecedente de síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
Toward Improved Reliability of Deep Learning Based Systems Through Online Relabeling of Potential Adversarial Attacks
Authors: Al-Maliki Shawqi , El Bouanani Faissal , Ahmad Kashif , Abdallah Mohamed , Hoang Dinh , Niyato Dusit , Al-Fuqaha Ala
Published: December 2021

Deep Neural Networks (DDNs) have shown vulnerability to well-designed adversarial examples. Researchers in industry and academia have proposed many adversarial example defense techniques. However, none can provide complete robustness. The cutting-edge defense techniques offer partial reliability. Thus, complementing them with another layer of protection is a must, especially for mission-critical applications. This paper proposes a novel Online Selection and Relabeling Algorithm (OSRA) that opportunistically utilizes a limited number of crowdsourced workers to maximize the ML system’s robustness. OSRA strives to use crowdsourced workers effectively by selecting the most suspicious inputs and moving them to the crowdsourced workers to be validated and corrected. As a result, the impact of adversarial examples gets reduced, and accordingly, the ML system becomes more robust. We also proposed a heuristic threshold selection method that contributes to enhancing the prediction system’s reliability. We empirically validated our proposed algorithm and found that it can efficiently and optimally utilize the allocated budget for crowdsourcing. It is also effectively integrated with a state-of-the-art black-box defense technique, resulting in a more robust system. Simulation results show that OSRA can outperform a random selection algorithm by 60% and achieve comparable performance to an optimal offline selection benchmark. They also show that OSRA’s performance has a positive correlation with system robustness.
Geospatial Assessment of the Consumption and Absorption of Residential and Educational Land Uses of Zaria and Sabon Gari Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Sule J. O. , Ojigi L.M. , Adewuyi T.O. , Azua S. , Aliyu A.O. , Akomolafe E.O.
Published: December 2021

Human variables such as population increase and distribution, as well as economic expansion, have a strong impact on land usage. Zaria and Sabon Gari local government areas are endowed with various types of institutions that attract people from far and near to its space for studies and employments. This in turn leads to increase in population growth and the expansion of residential land use (LU). Thus, this study assessed the Land Consumption Rate (LCR) and Land Absorption Coefficient (LAC) of the residential and educational LUs using geospatial technique. The study analyzed Landsat imagery of 1987, 1999, 2006, and 2018. The study utilized a combination of quantitative (pixel-based) and qualitative (digitizing) methods of image classification for classifying the residential and educational LUs and biophysical covers. Quantitative assessment of the LU dynamics was achieved by the post-classification computation of LU dynamics, LCR, and LAC. The results revealed that residential LU occupied an area of 2594.25ha in 1987, 2815.15ha in 1999, 4042.54ha in 2006, and 8033.19ha in 2018. In the same vein, the educational LU occupied area of 2623.41ha in 1987, 2991.87ha in 1999, 3021.10ha in 2006, and 3093.75ha in 2018. The LCR values for residential LU were 0.555%, 0.468%, 0.579%, and 0.803% for the years 1987, 1999, 2006, and 2018 respectively. The LCR reduced from 1987 to 1999 and then increased from 1999 to 2018. The LAC values for the residential LU increased across the period of the study. The study concluded that the exploitation of the new lands for residential and educational LUs could be as a result of the demographic and institutional drivers of LU. The study suggested that the urban planning authority should develop planning measures that will regulate the already crowded residential LU in the study area.was transformation of rocky surface and waterbody into urban area, which was caused by population growth, human and agricultural activities in Zuru metropolis.
The implication of Energy on Nigeria’s Economy: Case Study of Crude Oil Energy Source
Authors: Otitigbe F.E.
Published: December 2021

The shortfall in crude oil production, the major source of energy supply and revenue generation in Nigeria, affects all spheres of activities in the country. Activities like politics, economic, budgeting, infrastructural development, the standard of living, and foreign exchange reserve. Therefore, it is imperative to address the implication of energy (crude oil source) on the economy of Nigeria. Hence, a linear regression analysis was used and by first creating a link between oil production (main energy source) and oil earnings (economy) to establish a relationship upon which social-political factors such as the organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC), civil disturbance, flexible regulating framework, infrastructural services, community inclusion for equitable sharing of benefit, and Niger Delta development commission are used as check and balance on oil production and oil earning and their implications on the Nigeria economy. By way of calibration, the paper examines the amount of oil per barrel needed to be produced in a year that would guarantee an increase in oil earnings in Nigeria. The data used for this analysis were collected from the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistic bulletin on crude oil production and total earning in Nigeria between 1980 to 1999. The paper also suggests measures that would enhance the increase in the production of oil from which the country would be able to earn more revenue. The result shows that increasing oil production will simultaneously increase earnings from oil and, consequently, overhaul the various activities such as economy, infrastructural development, health, education sectors, and living standard of the citizen.
Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Transesterification Process using Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Salihu A. , Mahmood A.A. , Gimba S. , Nzerem P. , Okafor I.
Published: December 2021

Non-renewable diesel from fossil has been considered as potentially carcinogenic with serious harmful effect to human health and to the environment. This study aimed to produce a renewable diesel –biodiesel- via transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO), investigated and determined the most suitable amongst various types of heterogenous catalysts (viz a viz KOH/CaCO3, KOH/CaO and KOH/K2CO3). The chemical and physical characterisation of the biodiesel was been carried out. Among the catalysts investigated, KOH/CaCO3 catalyst showed the best catalytic performance in terms of % yield and better fuel quality in density, acid value, viscosity and free fatty acid. The reason for this performance may be due to its most basic characteristic than the others. As a result, this catalyst was selected for the optimisation study. At the optimum reaction conditions of 10 wt% catalyst loading and 1:10 oil to methanol feed mole ratio, triglycerides conversion was highest, 98.12%. The characterisation results shows that the parameters tested (i.e. density, viscosity, acid value and free fatty acid) meet the strict requirements of the biodiesel standard and therefore, the produced fuel can be used in place of the petrol diesel.
PRODUCTION OF IRON ORE PELLETS BY UTILIZATION OF SUNFLOWER HUSKS
Authors: Koveria Andrii , Kieush Lina , Boyko Maksym , Yaholnyk Maksym , Poliakova Natalia
Published: December 2021

Steel production is the most dynamic industry and one of the key sectors for the development of the global economy. The growing production of iron ore increases the need for its beneficiation and granulating for subsequent use in the production of iron and steel. As a result, the number of CO2 emissions and harmful substances increases, which negatively affects both society and the environment. It is important to study the use of biomass for the production of iron ore pellets. Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable and sustainable source of heat and energy that can mitigate climate change. The efficiency of using sunflower husks on the combined machine “straight grate - rotary kiln - annular cooler” to partially replace natural gas in the production of iron ore pellets has been studied. The influences of alternative fuel use on technological indicators of the process and quality of iron ore pellets have been analyzed. It was found that the combustion of sunflower husks generates enough heat to obtain iron ore pellets with good strength. The main indicators of the quality of iron ore pellets remain at the same level as the iron ore pellet quality when using natural gas.