bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical students’ perception on use of abbreviations during clinical years
Authors: Bhandari Jeetendra , Paudel Ujjawal
Published: May 2020

Introduction: An abbreviation is a shortened form of word or phrase commonly used in medical practice for convenience. Misinterpretation of abbreviations can lead to confusion and medical errors. Studies have shown the use of abbreviations early as the first year in medical school.

Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey among undergraduate clinical year medical students in the tertiary care center of Kathmandu Valley was performed from December 2017 to April 2018.

Result: A total of 97 participants. The prevalence of abbreviation use was 95%. Senior students correctly interpreted both standard and non-standard abbreviations. The majority of students learned to use abbreviations from the medical officer’s note.

Conclusion: Students consider abbreviations are acceptable despite having difficulties in interpretation. Hospitals or concerned departments should regulate the use of standard abbreviations.
Antibiotic resistant and phagosensitivity of regional strains-causative agents of pyo-inflammatory diseases (S. aureus and P. aeruginosa).
Authors: Dеrкаch S.А. , Gorodnicka N.I. , Kutsaj N.M. , Gabisheva L.S. , Коtsar О.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The actual issue is studying of sensitivity to antibiotics of regional strains-causative agents when there is increasing circulation of poly-resistant microorganisms. They were isolated from different biotopes. Their sensitivity to various commercial bacteriophage preparations was carried out in parallel. The purpose of the study was to determine the antibiotics of choice for starting therapy of purulent-inflammatory diseases and the prospects of using bacteriophage preparations relative to the most etiologically significant regional pathogen strains. Common methods of investigation were used: disco-diffusion to determine antibiotics sensitivity and drop method to study phagosensitivity. The results were processed by the method of variational statistics using M. Excel 2000 Biostat with Student's t test. It has been shown that antibiotics of choice for starting therapy of purulent-inflammatory diseases, in the absence of bacteriological examination of patients and determination of antibiotic sensitivity of pathogens, it is advisable to consider fluoroquinolones (sensitivity of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin about 90%), amikacin and gentamycin (78,3–39,7%), imipenem (57,4%). The conducted studies confirm the prospect of using existing bacteriophage drugs, including “Pyofag” and “Intestyfag”, LLC “Farmaxgroup” (Ukraine). The sensitivity of regional strains was 50,0–60,0%. It remains promising to study the effectiveness of the complex using of antibiotics and bacteriophages and to improve the action of commercial preparation of bacteriophages.
Comparative characteristics antimicrobial activity of different classes of antibiotics and antimicrobial isolates on Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Burova L. , Korniychuk O. , Pavliy S. , Mazepa Y.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. S. aureus is a leading cause of nosocomial infections in health care facilities. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of staphylococcal bacteriophage, phytopreparation “Chlorophyllipt”, of the drug “Protargol”, compared with antimicrobial chemotherapeutic drugs (ACD) against isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Used clinical strains of S. aureus, isolated from 20 patients, aged 19 to 25 years. The susceptibility of microorganisms to ACD was determined on the MPA medium by disk-diffusion method. Staphylococcal bacteriophage sensitivity scores were evaluated by drainage lysis of bacterial indicator culture and negative phage colonies. Anti-staphylococcal activity of phytopreparation and protargol solution was determined by diffusion in agar with the isolates tested. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2013. In determining the susceptibility of S. aureus isolates to ACD, 30% of penicillin-sensitive strains were detected. Amoxicillin sensitivity was 25% of strains. The rate of detected sensitivity of microorganisms to amoxiclav was 45% of strains. Sensitivity to cephalosporins I-II generation amounted to 75% cephalexin, cefazolin, cefuroxime — 90%. For cephalosporins of the third generation — from 70% to 95%; to macrolides: to clarithromycin — 80%, to erythromycin, azithromycin — 50%, 55% respectively. High sensitivity was reported for lincomycin — 80%. The studied strains showed absolute sensitivity to amikacin (100%). 95% strains were sensitive to gentamicin. Not exceed 60–65% sensitivity to tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. All bacterial isolates were sensitive to bacteriophage. High antimicrobial activity in up to chlorophyllipt was detected in up to 8 test strains. 19 strains have had low-sensitivity to protargol. The results obtained indicate the feasibility of bacteriophages in the medical practice and the continuation of microbiological studies with the study of antimicrobial activity of herbal drugs.
The species composition of microflora of health care associated infections in the intensive care unit
Authors: Ganiuk V. , Khil V. , Kondratiuk V. , Francishco A. , Polishchuk L.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The aim of the study was to identify the predominant microorganisms that caused health care associated infections in the intensive care unit (for surgical patients) National Military Medical Center “Main Military Clinical Hospital” in 2018. Identification of microorganisms was carried out in the laboratory department (microbiological), clinic of laboratory diagnostics the same hospital, which has national accreditation for work with microorganisms of the III – IV class of pathogenicity. The results of 631 bacteriological examinations were analyzed, namely 240 samples of blood from 88 patients, 269 urine samples from 77 patients, 97 samples of endotracheal content/sputum, obtained from 16 patients and another 25 samples from other anatomical sites (the bile ductus drains, pleural fluids) from 8 patients. Statistical processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016. The significance of the difference was checked by the method of χ2. The number of samples without growth was 206 (33 %). There were founded that the leading microorganism was K. pneumoniae 105 (25 %) isolates, followed by P. aeruginosa with 80 isolates (19 %), P. mirabilis 19 (4 %), E. coli 18 (4 %). The fraction of gram-positive bacteria was 31 % (118 isolates). There is a prominent difference among predominant microorganisms that caused health care associated infections corresponding to the anatomic site infection (p˂0.05). In blood cultures the K. pneumoniae (26 %) were leading microorganism, while P. aeruginosa (24 %) was found predominant in the respiratory tract, and Enterococcus spp (23 %) were the main isolates from the urine. Any isolates of A. baumannii were cultured. Formalizing the process of bacteriological observation, careful selection of patients for research and collection of epidemiological information featuring health care associated infections in the intensive care unit will systematize the process of infection control and allow to apply a quality control system.
Analysis of association between long non-coding RNA HOTAIR gene rs1899663 polymorphism and disease-free survival in kidney cancer patients
Authors: Volkogon А. , Harbuzova V. , Ataman A. , Harbuzova Ye. , Kolnoguz A.
Published: May 2020

The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible association of HOTAIR gene rs1899663 polymorphism with kidney cancer patients survival and clinicopathological characteristics of kidney cancer.

Methods. The whole venous blood of 101 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC)  (42 women and 59 men) was used in the study. Genotyping of rs1899663 HOTAIR gene polymorphic locus was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 17.0). The Kaplan-Meier test and the Cox regression were used to test the possible association between  rs1899663 polymorphism of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR gene and the age of CCRCC onset. P values ​​< 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results. The results of HOTAIR gene rs1899663 polymorphism genotyping showed that the ratio of GG-homozygotes, GT-heterozygotes and TT-homozygotes in CCRCC patients was 39.6%, 52.5%, and 7.9%, respectively. This distribution did not deviate from the expected by Hardy-Weinberg law (P = 0.143). Results of one-way ANOVA showed that rs1899663-locus of HOTAIR gene was not associated with tumor size of CCRCC patients (P > 0.05), was not related to body mass index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fasting glucose, hemoglobin, creatinine and leukocyte amount in the blood of CCRCC patients (P > 0.05). In addition, the results of the Kaplan-Meyer test showed that life expectancy until the CCRCC occurrence does not depend on rs1899663 SNP (log-rank P = 0.739). At the same time, the results of Cox regression analysis both before and after adjusting for covariates (sex, body mass index, metastases, smoking habits and alcohol abuse) showed that CCRCC risk development with age does not depend on HOTAIR gene rs1899663 polymorphism (P > 0.05).

Conclusions. This is the first report about the possible link between HOTAIR gene polymorphism and survival of kidney cancer patients both in Ukraine and worldwide. The rs1899663 polymorphic site of HOTAIR gene is not associated with the age of CCRCC onset in the Ukrainian population. In addition, the rs1899663 SNP is also not related to tumor size and clinical фтв laboratory data in patients with kidney cancer.
Systemic chronic inflammation in end-stage renal disease patients and possible treatment approaches
Authors: Dudar I.
Published: May 2020

Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) is a common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is most pronounced in dialysis patients. SCI is associated with cardiovascular pathology, various comorbid conditions and high mortality risk in dialysis patients.

The existing dialysis methods are ineffective for removing substances involved in SCI (medium molecular uremic toxins: cytokines, growth factors, adiponectin, hormones, and other substances).

The dialysis technology development has always aimed to create the membranes that will be as close as possible to the natural glomerular membrane.

Currently, Middle Cut-Off membranes have been created. The use of Middle Cut-Off membranes is implemented in a new method of dialysis therapy entitled expanded hemodialysis (HDx).

Further studies will determine the expected perspective of these membranes and HDx in the treatment of dialysis patients.
Using Art to Resist Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Dalaqua Gustavo H.
Published: May 2020

This article argues that the aesthetics of the oppressed—a series of artistic practices elaborated by Augusto Boal that comprises the theatre of the oppressed, the rainbow of desire technique, and legislative theatre—utilizes art in order to resist epistemic injustice and promote democratic freedom. By constraining people’s ability to know and explore the potentialities of their bodies and desires, epistemic injustice perpetuates oppression and blocks the advent of democratic freedom. Whereas the theatre of the oppressed tackles corporal oppression, the rainbow of desire technique resists psychological oppression by encouraging the oppressed to critically examine their desires and self-knowledge. Finally, legislative theatre furthers democratic freedom by allowing citizens to protest against any epistemic injustice that might result from the enactment of laws made by representatives.
Influence of Mastitis and Repeat Breeding Incidence on Participation in the Animal Insurance Program for Dairy Farmers in Ba Vi, Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Koide Kentaro , Murata Ryo , Khoa Au Xuan , Ly Nguyen Khanh , Tam Phan Thi , Tra Vu Thi Thu , Nhiem Duong Van , Kubota Satoko , Kono Hiroichi , Makita Kohei
Published: May 2020

The livestock insurance program for dairy farmers in Vietnam targeting various acute diseases began in 2011 as a pilot project; however, due to vaccination campaigns, outbreaks of such diseases are rare. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mastitis and reproductive failure-which chronically affect the farming economy-on the decision to participate in the insurance program. A survey involving a questionnaire and milk sampling from apparently healthy animals was conducted on the 38 participating and 59 non-participating dairy farms in the livestock insurance program in Ba Vi, Hanoi, Vietnam, in August 2014. Microbiological tests were performed to detect sub-clinical mastitis, whereas the questionnaire was administered to collect information regarding farm management and the occurrence of clinical mastitis and reproductive failure over the previous three months. There were no significant differences in the proportion of farms having cows with clinical mastitis (insured: 8/38 farms, 21.1% vs. non-insured: 13/58 farms, NA = 1, 22.8%, p = 1) and repeat breeders (insured: 16/36 farms, NA = 2, 44.4% vs. non-insured: 20/57 farms, NA = 2, 35.1%, p = 0.49) over the previous three months. The proportion of farms having cows with sub-clinical mastitis at the time of the survey was also not significantly different between insured (5/38 farms, 13.2%) and non-insured (7/59 farms, 11.91%) farms (p = 1). Based on the obtained results, neither endemic disease nor farm management is respectably involved in the decision of farms to participate in the animal insurance program targeting acute animal infectious diseases.
Green Solvent Extraction and Quality Characteristics of Passion Fruit Seed Oil (Passiflora edulis Sims var. edulis)
Authors: Thi Thu Nga Nguyen , Xuan Bac Nguyen , Thi Ngoc Ha Lai
Published: May 2020

The extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds with acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and hexane was studied. The effects of the variables, namely type of solvent, material to solvent ratio, temperature, and extraction time, were investigated. The highest extraction yield was 78.52%, which was obtained using ethyl acetate with a material to solvent ratio of 1/10 at room temperature (28oC) for 4h using a shaker. This yield was similar to that obtained when using hexane as a solvent. Our results indicate that ethyl acetate can replace the conventional hexane solvent in the extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds. The high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in passion fruit seed oil suggests that this product has good potential for use in the human food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Review of “Black Mecca: The African Muslims of Harlem” by Zain Abdullah
Authors: Spray Imogen
Published: May 2020

This article aims to review the book with the title of Black Mecca: The African Muslims of Harlem by Zain Abdullah. Abdullah’s (2010) Mec Black Mecca ’adds to the growing body of literature on Islam influenced by the post-modernists' challenges to neo-Orientalist Western representations of Islam (Al Azmeh 1993: 140). They are called for a historicized and contextualized view of Islam and Muslims, steering away from essentializing identity politics. Abdullah's (2010) thick ethnography, or as he describes it, "narrative style," presents a variety of anecdotes and experiences along gendered, class, and generational lines, with a common Muslim orientation towards environment and experiences.
Cultural disruption and challenges for anthropology in the development of multicultural communities
Authors: Kumbara A. A. Ngurah Anom , Dewi A.A Sagung Kartika , Liando Mayske Rinny , Wiasti Made
Published: May 2020

This article intends to discuss the phenomenon of cultural disruptions due to globalization and the industrial revolution 4.0 which have paradoxical consequences for empirical life and in the academic world, especially in the field of anthropology. This study uses a library method with interpretive analysis techniques. The results concluded that globalization and the industrial revolution 4.0 had fundamentally changed the order of the people's cultural values. This is a challenge for anthropology to reflect on epistemology and axiology as a logical consequence of changes in the ontology. In the context of Indonesia, the presence of anthropology is expected to be able to explore the plurality of national culture that can be narrated on the academic stage. At the same time, it can be also a productive cultural capital to overcome the challenges of diversity, becoming a driver of change, and strengthening national identity.
The Relationship between the Reported Reading Anxiety Level and Reading Strategy Use of Iranian Elementary Level EFL Learners
Authors: Mokhtarnia Shabnam
Published: May 2020

Reading is an essential skill for second and foreign language learners. It is the heart of all formal learning. Students 'success or failure in reading at early grades resonates throughout the rest of their lives. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between reading anxiety and reading strategy use of Iranian elementary level EFL learners. The participants of this study were fifty students with the age range of 14 to 28 years old, both from female and male of Iranian EFL elementary learners from Beynolmelal English language institute in Tehran. The research design of this study was quantitative. In order to collect data two basic instruments were administered to the participants. The first instrument was a questionnaire that was administered to investigate the participants’ level of reading anxiety. The second questionnaire was in addition used to examine the participants’ reading strategy use The first questionnaire was composed of 20 items which were rated by a five-point Likert scale, ranging from five-point (strongly agree) to one point (strongly disagree). The second questionnaire consisted of 30 items similarly rated on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from one point (I never or almost never do this) to five points (I always or almost always do this). The correlation coefficient between the reading anxiety and reading strategy use would be determined out with the assistance of IBM SPSS. The findings of this study would be expected to give valuable information to English teachers and material developers to recognize the elementary level learners’ anxiety level and improve their reading strategy use in language classes.
Encouraging Extensive Listening in Language Learning
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Demet TURAN
Published: May 2020

This study aims to generate an analysis of how to encourage extensive listening in an English Preparatory Program with listening worksheets in an enjoyable way, to identify the learners’ responses, and to establish the feedback from students which could provide more productive activities. For many of the students listening in target language is a challenging task. Extensive listening aims to get the learners listen and enjoy it. To improve the listening fluency, extensive listening is one of the functional and practical ways thanks to easy and interesting materials. Extensive listening encourages the learners to get fluent in a qualified way. The main value in extensive listening is to allow the students’ self-selection and the decision of how to spend time effectively to improve their listening skill in the target language. 6 Turkish learners of English were the participants of this study; and they completed worksheets after each listening activity for 5 weeks in the spring term of 2018-2019 academic year in the prep school of a state school. The results of the analyses showed that all of the participants showed positive tendency towards listening and they developed their level of listening skill, along with some other skills in the target language.
Is Materials Development Progressing?
Authors: Tomlinson Brian
Published: May 2020

In this article I am going to review the ‘progress’ which L2 materials development has made both as a practical pursuit and as an academic discipline since my first contact with materials development in the 1960s. I am also going to evaluate the current situation, to make predictions about future developments and to make recommendations to teachers, to materials developers, to researchers, to publishers and to Ministries of Education. As I have reviewed the ‘progress’ of materials before (in, for example, Tomlinson (2012); Tomlinson & Masuhara (2013); Tomlinson & Masuhara (2018)) my review will be brief and my main emphasis will be on my evaluation and recommendations.
Gender Representation in Iranian High School Textbook Images
Authors: Taghei Azad Mohammad , Raza Kashif
Published: May 2020

Many studies have investigated how genders were represented in ELT textbooks. A critical part of ELT textbooks are their images, and how they reflect their authors’ ideologies have been the subject many studies. In an attempt to contribute to this line of research, the present study aimed to analyze gender representation in the images of the nation-wide ELT textbooks in Iran called Prospect 1, 2, and 3. Developing a converged framework by utilizing the principles and criteria presented for image analysis in Goffman (1979) and Kress & van Leeuwen’s (2006), the roles of both sexes were analyzed in terms of the active role, gaze direction, visual techniques, distance, and space illustrated in the images of the textbooks. The pictures were analyzed through content analysis and social semiological analysis, and Chi-square analysis indicated that the results of the study were statistically significant. The study found that in the images of the analyzed textbooks, males were depicted as playing a more active role and females were mostly portrayed as the reactive and goal participants. Also, the analysis of gaze direction revealed that males were frequently imaged as looking at the viewer while females were mainly illustrated as looking away from the viewer. Likewise, although women were typically shown in long shot frames – which expands the social distance between the participants in the images and the viewers of the images, men were frequently depicted in close-up frames – which implied their prominence. In contrast, on the subject of clothing, both males and females were portrayed as fully clothed in virtually all pictures of the textbooks, and women were never represented scantily or partially clothed. Concerning the places in which both sexes were portrayed in the images of the textbooks, it was shown that the authors illustrated a rather balanced view towards both males and females. Such a representation of genders in the Prospect Series textbook were discussed to be in line with the Islamic beliefs and culture dominant in Iran, but not consistent with the significant social roles both men and women play in the Iranian society.
The Reasons of Using L1 in ESL Classrooms
Authors: Al Balushi Huda Murad Abdul Rahman
Published: May 2020

This study investigates the reasons for L1 use in the L2 classroom and teachers’ and learners’ beliefs regarding the appropriateness and effectiveness of this practice. Its findings are based on observational and interview data collected in two lower intermediate level classes in the foundation year at an Omani university. Each class was observed three times over a two-week period, with each session lasting 1 hour 40 minutes. The interview data were obtained from the teacher and three students from each class. One of the classes was designated as an experimental group, in which the teacher was permitted to use L1, whereas the second class was used as a controlled group where an ‘English only’ policy was strictly adhered to. The results show that L1 was used most often to explain word meanings, followed by explanations of grammatical rules. Instances of L1 use were also recorded during L2 to L1 translation exercises, and L1 was used for classroom management purposes and for telling jokes.
Preface to the Special Issue: Interculturalism in Second Language Teaching
Authors: Papadopoulos Isaak
Published: May 2020

This is the edited volume related to the broad but interesting thematic area of “Interculturalism in Second Language Teaching”. The multilingual and multicultural panorama of the current world intensifies the need for placing interculturalism at the center of the research and teaching activity. Especially, in classrooms with linguistic and cultural diversity, interculturalism should be promoted as a source of teaching and learning while important research has been carried out towards investigating the contribution of interculturalism to second language teaching practices. Within this context of linguistic and cultural diversity, students are encouraged to develop their intercultural competences, so that they can be prepared to act in a diverse world. In particular, students should develop their intercultural sensitivity and awareness, which can help them to realise and appreciate the differentiations among people from different cultures and achieve mutual understanding. In this way, they are aimed to also develop their intercultural communication strategies, which are proposed by the Council of Europe as important mechanisms for facilitating the communication and co-existence of people in multilingual and multicultural environment and they can be of great help for students’ interactions and exchanges in a classroom. Students need to develop such competences of communication, participation and interaction which can facilitate their work and activity within a classroom with students from different countries, while such competences can be extremely important for them later in life.
Stratification in Extended Education Participation and its Implications for Education Inequality
Authors: Bae Sang Hoon , Cho Eunwon , Byun Bo-Kyung
Published: May 2020

This study identified subgroups of elementary students based on similar patterns of participation in four different types of extended education in Korea. The study also investigated relationships between student patterns of extended education participation and their various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, including residential location, parental education, and family income level. To achieve these aims, the study used latent profile analysis and logistic regression on a dataset of 18,186 students from 786 elementary schools provided by Statistics Korea. Results reveal five distinctive subgroups of students in terms of extended education participation: afterschool academic program users, shadow education users, moderate afterschool academic program users, ordinary users, and talent development seekers. Results also show that student socioeconomic and demographic characteristics are strongly associated with their classification into the above-mentioned subgroups. These findings signal the possibility that “educational stratification” based on student socioeconomic background may be occurring in the area of extended education.
Widerständige Differenz
Authors: Leonhardt Christian , Nonhoff Martin
Published: May 2020

Dass soziale Bewegungen eine transnationale Dimension besitzen können, ist nichts Neues. In Bezug auf die jüngsten sozialen Bewegungen wie Occupy Wall Street kann man diese aber nur verstehen, wenn man von einem Widerstandsbegriff ausgeht, der die von diesen Bewegungen aufgeworfene Frage zu alternativen demokratischen Praxen miteinbezieht. Hier zeigt sich, dass Widerstand zwischen den Polen gegenhegemonialer Institutionalisierung und nicht-integrativer Präfiguration oszilliert und selbst Ergebnis einer Auseinandersetzung auf einem umkämpften Bewegungsterrain ist. Die Spannung zwischen gegenhegemonialer Institutionalisierung und nicht-integrativer Präfiguration nennen wir widerständige Differenz. Diesen Begriff entwickeln wir zunächst entlang Überlegungen von Ernesto Laclau und Chantal Mouffe, post-anarchistischer Ansätze und ihrer gegenseitigen Kritik aneinander. Daraufhin können wir zeigen, dass sich bei den jüngsten sozialen Bewegungen die transnationale Dimension insbesondere auf die nicht-integrative Präfiguration alternativer demokratischer Lebensweisen bezieht, wohingegen sich gegenhegemoniale Institutionalisierungsprozesse von Parteibildungen bis zu general assemblies auf der lokalen Ebene niederschlagen.
Istraživanje političke apatije u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Pap Ana
Published: May 2020

Politička apatija je generalna nezainteresiranost i ravnodušnost građana prema politici, niska razina sudjelovanja u političkim aktivnostima i slab odaziv na izbore.
Istraživanje provedeno na području pet slavonskih županija u Republici
Hrvatskoj pokazalo je nisku razinu sudjelovanja u konvencionalnim i
nekonvencionalnim političkim aktivnostima odnosno visoku razinu političke
apatije. Istraživanje je provedeno 2017. godine, metodom osobnog ispitivanja na
uzorku od ukupno 662 ispitanika. Rezultati analize razlika (ANOVA-e i T-testa) pokazali
su kako veću tendenciju sudjelovanja u konvencionalnim i nekonvencionalnim
političkim aktivnostima imaju muškarci te ispitanici s iznadprosječnim
primanjima, a u slučaju nekonvencionalnih političkih aktivnosti veću tendenciju
sudjelovanja iskazali su i više obrazovani ispitanici u odnosu na niže
obrazovane. Provedenom klaster-analizom opisani su pojedini segmenti birača
prema razini njihovog sudjelovanja u političkim aktivnostima, a rezultati su
ukazali kako više od polovice ispitanika (51,2 %) pripada segmentu apatičnih
građana. Ovaj segment najvećim dijelom čine žene i ispitanici s ispodprosječnim
prihodima, a odlikuju ih visoke stope političkog cinizma, izrazito niske stope
interesa za politiku i percipiranog znanja o politici. Rezultati ovog
istraživanja doprinose teoriji i praksi političkog marketinga u Republici
Hrvatskoj jer utvrđivanjem razine političke apatije te karakteristika određenih
ciljnih skupina, političke stranke mogu odrediti smjer i načine djelovanja na
određenu ciljnu skupinu u cilju povećanja broja svojih birača, ali i smanjenja
političke apatije kao društvenog problema. Najveće ograničenje istraživanja
odnosi se na nereprezentativan uzorak s obzirom na to da je istraživanje
provedeno u samo jednoj regiji Republike Hrvatske. Za dobivanje cjelovite slike
i utvrđivanje eventualnih regionalnih razlika istraživanje bi trebalo provesti
na području cijele Republike Hrvatske. Buduća bi se istraživanja također
trebala fokusirati na detaljnu analizu utjecajnih čimbenika političke apatije.
Testiranjem jačine i smjera pojedinih utjecajnih čimbenika na političku apatiju
dobila bi se korisna saznanja kako na te čimbenike djelovati s ciljem
reduciranja političke apatije.
Media Review
Authors: Howéll Michael W.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Howéll. Film review of Danton, directed by Andrzej Wajda, Gaumont-Film Polski TF1 Films Production-S.F.P.C., 1982.
Teaching the Invisible
Authors: McBride Paul
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by McBride.
Living American History
Authors: Banner-Haley Charles
Published: May 2020

Arnold Rampersad. The Life of Langston Hughes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986-88. Volume I: I, Too, Sing America (1902-1941). Pp. 485. Volume II: I Dream A World (1941-1967). Pp. 512. Cloth, $24.95 each. Review essay by Charles Banner-Haley of Colgate University.
Tuskegee's Wizard of Oz
Authors: Haley Charles T.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Haley.
Odonata diversity in and around Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Kumar Dolly
Published: May 2020

Investigation on the diversity of Odonates revealed a total of 38 species belonging to two suborders, six families, and 24 genera in and around Vadodara, in Gujarat, which included 15 species of Zygoptera (damselfly) and 23 species of Anisoptera (dragonfly). Out of the 38 species, 10 species are new records for the Vadodara. Most number of species was found in water reservoirs as compared to urban ponds and area around Mahi River. Furthermore, it was observed that areas around the rivers were adversely affected because of nearby sand mining. Amongst damselflies and dragonflies the population of damselflies was richer. Renovation of Urban ponds leads to decrease in their diversity due to loss of vegetation indicating anthropogenic pressure on species diversity.
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 April to 30 June 2019
Authors: Pennington Kate ,   the Enhanced Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance Working Group,   the Communicable Diseases Network Australia
Published: May 2020

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the second quarter of 2019 was higher than the previous quarter as well as the second quarter of 2018. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by the 13vPCV across all age groups, however more recently this decline is no longer evident. Over this period the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV), and also those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine, has been increasing steadily across all age groups.
The geography of Ross River virus infection in South Australia, 2000-2013
Authors: Liu Jingwen , Hansen Alana , Cameron Scott , Bi Peng
Published: May 2020

Introduction
Ross River virus (RRV) disease is Australia’s most common arthropod-borne disease which has an important impact on population health and productivity. The aim of this study was to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of RRV notifications during 2000–2013 in South Australia (SA).
Methods
The epidemiologic patterns of RRV notifications in SA from January 2000 to December 2013 were examined at a statistical local area (SLA) level. Spatial-temporal analyses were conducted using patient-reported place of exposure to characterise the recurrence of RRV infection stratified by age and sex.
Results
During the study period, a total of 3,687 RRV disease notifications were recorded in the state with state-wide mean annual rates of 16.8 cases per 100,000 persons and a 1:1.32 male:female ratio. The SLAs reporting cases of RRV disease exhibited spatial and temporal variation. Notified cases of RRV disease occurred more frequently in summer and autumn. A geographic expansion was observed of the area within which RRV cases occur. The comparison of age- and sex-standardised incidence rates, calculated by place of residence and patient-reported place of exposure, highlights the importance of using the latter to accurately display geospatial disease trends over time. Areas with the largest proportion of visitor cases and having the highest risk were mostly along the River Murray, which provides many vector mosquito habitats.
Conclusion
Although public health interventions should be considered in all SLAs where RRV occurs, we suggest that priority should be given to the Riverland areas identified as highest risk.
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance, 1 July to 30 September 2019
Authors: Pennington Kate ,   the Enhanced Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance Working Group,   the Communicable Diseases Network Australia
Published: May 2020

The number of notified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the third quarter of 2019 was higher than in the previous quarter, but lower than in the third quarter of 2018. Following the July 2011 replacement of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) in the childhood immunisation program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV), there was an initial relatively rapid decline in disease due to the additional six serotypes covered by the 13vPCV across all age groups, however more recently this decline is no longer evident. Over this period the number of cases due to the eleven serotypes additionally covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV), and also those serotypes not covered by any available vaccine, has been increasing steadily across all age groups.
Pengaruh Kalimat Motivasi dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Putri Sri Andika , Setyaningrum Fitria
Published: May 2020

Kalimat motivasi merupakan salah satu cara pemimpin untuk memberikan dorongan kepada karyawan agar bekerja sesuai dengan target yang diinginkan. Motivasi dalam bentuk kalimat ini lebih efisien digunakan selain menghemat dana, juga menghemat waktu dan tenaga. Pemimpin dengan gaya kepemimpinan yang situasional akan menjadi pemimpin yang diinginkan di era sekarang ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang. Sampel yang diambil adalah UMKM yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi sangat penting dilakukan oleh pimpinan perusahaan. Gaya kepemimpinan yang diharapkan karyawan yaitu gaya kepemimpinan yang situasional dimana gaya ini mudah berbaur dengan keadaan yang terjadi.
Effects of different plankton communities and spring bloom phases on seston C:N:P:Si:chl a ratios in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Lipsewers T , Klais R , Camarena-Gómez MT , Spilling K
Published: May 2020

Plankton communities and their temporal development have shifted towards earlier onset of the spring bloom and lower diatom-dinoflagellate proportions in parts of the Baltic Sea. We studied the effects of community composition and spring bloom phases on seston nutrient stoichiometry, revealing possible consequences of these shifts. Community composition, seston C:N:P:Si:chlaratios, and physiological and environmental variables were determined for 4 research cruises, covering all major sub-basins and bloom phases. A redundancy analysis revealed that temperature and inorganic nutrients were the main drivers of community changes, and high diatom biomass was linked to low temperatures (growth phase). The effects of changing dominance patterns on seston stoichiometry were studied by applying a community ordination (non-metric multidimensional scaling and generalized additive models). C:N:P ratios increased from the growth phase (103:14:1) to the peak phase (144:18:1) and decreased after inorganic nitrogen was depleted (127:17:1). Taxonomic differences explained ~50% of changes in C:Si, N:Si, and chla:C ratios and <30% for C:P and N:P, whereas C:N was virtually unaffected by the community composition. The fixed chla:C range (~0.005-0.04) was largely determined by diatoms, independent of the dominant species. Thus, C:Si and N:Si could be used to estimate the share of diatoms to the seston and chla:C to describe bloom phases and C budgets during spring. Interestingly, mixed communities featured higher C:N:P ratios than diatom-dominated ones. However, as community composition explained <30% of changes in C:N:P, we conclude that these ratios rather represent the total plankton physiology in natural plankton assemblages.
QUALITY OF SHARIA GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE ON SOCIAL PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKING
Authors: Iryani Lia Dahlia , Wahyudiono Bambang
Published: May 2020

This research aimed to examine empirically the effect of the performance of Islamic Bank on sharia governance in Indonesia. The social performance of the Islamic Bank was measured by qordhul hasan and micro finance, and sharia governance (SG) was measured by the proportion of the independent board of commissioners, board size, audit committee and sharia supervisory board. The data in this study were secondary data from Islamic Banking Financial Report (IBFR) of 2012-2016. This research applied quantitative approach with the panels of data regression using E-views 9.0 software. Data analysis was conducted by using factor analysis. The test result showed that the direct effect of SG on performance was 0.323 significant because it had a value of t count of 11.96 or a value of probability of (0,000) < alpha 5%. The positive coefficient showed that SG was able to improve performance while the highest loading values that reflected SG (TKS) was X3 (number of KA members) of 0.934, and X4 (number of KA meetings in a year) of 0.880. The loading value of X5 was the number of DPS of 0.445 while the value of loading X2 (the number of DK meetings in 1 year) was 0.319
IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMENT IN TAMBILUNG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Karmila Nita , Wijaya Ade
Published: May 2020

This research aims to determine the extent of the successful implementation of school-based management in Tambilung Elementary School which is one of the small schools in Bogor Regency. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that provides in-depth explanations of data and information related to the implementation of school-based management in terms of three core components namely 1) School Management, 2) Active, Creative and Enjoyable Learning, and 3) Community Participation. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the implementation of school-based management in Tambilung Elementary School has only reached 83.62% which, if elaborated, the success of each component, namely: the school management component 85.89%, the learning activity component amounted to 76.19% and the component of community participation in the implementation of school-based management is 88.80%.
Prediction of Grapevine Yield Based on Reproductive Variables and the Influence of Meteorological Conditions
Authors: González-Fernández Estefanía , Piña-Rey Alba , Fernández-González María , Aira María J. , Rodríguez-Rajo F. Javier
Published: May 2020

Climate has a direct influence on crop development and final yield. The consequences of global climate change have appeared during the last decades, with increasing weather variability in many world regions. One of the derived problems is the maintenance of food supply in this unstable context and the needed changes in agricultural systems, looking for sustainable and adaptation strategies. The study was carried out from 2008 to 2017. Aerobiological data were obtained with a Lanzoni VPPS-2000 volumetric sampler, following the Spanish Aerobiological Network protocol. The pollen and flower production was studied on ten vines of the Godello grapevine cultivar. A HOBO Micro Station and a MeteoGalicia station were used to obtain meteorological information. We observed the detrimental effect of rain on airborne pollen presence, and we statistically corroborated the negative effect of high temperatures on fruit set and ripening. We developed an accurate multiple regression model to forecast the grape yield, applying a Spearman’s correlation test to identify the most influential variables. The use of aerobiological and meteorological studies for crop yield prediction has been widely used in different crops that suppose important engines for economy development. This enables growers to adapt their crop management and adjust the spent resources.
Effect of Irrigation Water Containing Iodine on Plant Physiological Processes and Elemental Concentrations of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivated in Different Soils
Authors: Dobosy Péter , Vetési Viktória , Sandil Sirat , Endrédi Anett , Kröpfl Krisztina , Óvári Mihály , Takács Tünde , Rékási Márk , Záray Gyula
Published: May 2020

Iodine uptake and translocation was studied in cabbage and tomato cultivated on different soil types (sand, sandy silt, silt) by applying irrigation water containing iodine at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L. Iodine treatment at the concentrations applied did not significantly influence the photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll concentration of cabbage and tomato leaves. The growth of cabbage leaves cultivated on sand and sandy silt soil with iodine treatment was slightly stimulated, while, on silt soil, it remained unchanged; for tomato plant parts, independent of the soil-type, the dry mass values remained constant. It can be concluded that iodine treatment had no negative effect on the physiological characteristic of cabbage and tomato plants. Applying 0.5 mg/L in the irrigation water, the highest biofortification with iodine was achieved in plants cultivated in sandy soil and the iodine concentration calculated in the dry matter amounted to 10 and 3.6 mg/kg in the leaves and fruits of cabbage and tomato, respectively. Considering the iodine and moisture content of cabbage leaves and tomato fruits, the consumption of 100 g of fresh vegetable would cover about 80% and 15% of the recommended iodine intake, respectively. The presence of iodine resulted in a reduction in Fe and P concentrations in tomato fruits independent of the soil-type; however, the concentration of Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, and B remained practically unchanged. However, for cabbage, no similar trend for Fe and P was observed.
Image Collection Summarization Method Based on Semantic Hierarchies
Authors: Riahi Samani Zahra , Ebrahimi Moghaddam Mohsen
Published: May 2020

The size of internet image collections is increasing drastically. As a result, new techniques are required to facilitate users in browsing, navigation, and summarization of these large volume collections. Image collection summarization methods present users with a set of exemplar images as the most representative ones from the initial image collection. In this study, an image collection summarization technique was introduced according to semantic hierarchies among them. In the proposed approach, images were mapped to the nodes of a pre-defined domain ontology. In this way, a semantic hierarchical classifier was used, which finally mapped images to different nodes of the ontology. We made a compromise between the degree of freedom of the classifier and the goodness of the summarization method. The summarization was done using a group of high-level features that provided a semantic measurement of information in images. Experimental outcomes indicated that the introduced image collection summarization method outperformed the recent techniques for the summarization of image collections.
Rare Generalized Form of Fungal Dermatitis in a Horse: Case Report
Authors: Padalino Barbara , Sandy Jeanine Rhoda , Barrasso Roberta , Trotta Adriana , Bozzo Giancarlo , Cafarchia Claudia
Published: May 2020

A rare case of Geotrichum spp. dermatitis in a horse is presented. After unrelated, previous surgery and antibiotic treatment, a saddle horse showed well-circumscribed areas of non-pruritic alopecia. Suspecting allergic skin disease, the horse was treated with corticosteroids. The skin lesion spread, and a second veterinarian was consulted. At clinical examination, the horse was lethargic, pyretic and hair was shedding/easily epilated over the head, neck, shoulders, and legs and the hind legs were swollen. Blood analysis revealed mild leucocytosis and hyperglobulinemia. Hair, skin scraping, and skin biopsy ruled out parasites and bacteria; cytology identified yeast-like structures with hyphae or pseudohyphae. Geotrichum candidum was isolated on culture. Treatment consisted of stable disinfection, topical application of an antifungal solution, vitamins C and E supplementation and allowing the horse to graze in sunlight for at least 6 h/day. At 3-weeks follow-up, the horse had gained weight, alopecia was decreased, and all other clinical parameters were normal. Antifungal treatment was continued twice a week for three months. This study suggests Geotrichum candidum may cause skin lesions in horses after long-term use of corticosteroids or antibiotics. To avoid unnecessary and prolonged suffering in cases of dermatitis, veterinarians should be promptly consulted, appropriate diagnostic procedures conducted, so that a definitive diagnosis can be reached, and an appropriate treatment regimen implemented.