bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on elementary school teachers’ perception of the use of plastic instruments in music classes
Authors:   The Korean Society of Music Education Technology, Yun Gwan Ki
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary school teachers' perception of plastic musical instruments used in music classes in a situation where the need for carbon neutrality is emerging as part of global efforts to respond to environmental pollution and the climate crisis through education for sustainable development. For this purpose, 111 teachers working in elementary schools were surveyed on their concepts and practice of sustainable development and carbon neutrality, as well as their perception of plastic musical instruments used in music classes. As a result of the analysis, First, 88.2% (98 teachers) of elementary school teachers understood the concepts of sustainable development, climate/ecological environment, and carbon neutrality, and 70.3% (78 teachers) of teachers responded that they reflected related content in class. Additionally, 91.0% (101 teachers) of teachers responded that they were well aware of microplastics, which are becoming a major issue in the environmental field, and that 90.0% (100 teachers) had a high correlation with plastic products. Second, 89.2% (99 teachers) of teachers responded that there were plastic musical instruments at school, and 86.5% (96 teachers) of teachers responded that they had experience using plastic instruments during music classes. Third, recorders, melodeons, and dansowere found to be the most commonly used plastic musical instruments during music classes. Fourth, in response to the use of plastic musical instruments during music classes, 73.0% (81 teachers) of teachers said they were concerned, and 72.0% (80 teachers) of teachers responded that there was a high possibility of inhaling microplastics when holding plastic instruments such as recorders or danso in the mouth. Fifth, the reasons for using a lot of plastic musical instruments were economic feasibility, portability, and ease of storage, and respondents answered that the most necessary things when using instruments made of eco-friendly materials are financial support and the development of eco-friendly instruments. Lastly, the personal opinions of elementary school teachers can be divided into finance, teaching, and research, and there were responses that above all, a change in teachers' perception was needed.
MODERNIZATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION A Network Study of Integrated Islamic Schools in North Sumatra
Authors: Wahdi Wahdi , Asari Hasan , Arsyad Junaidi
Published: November 2024

This paper explains the modernization of Islamic education through a case study of the Integrated Islamic School Network (JSIT) in North Sumatra. The shifting educational landscape and the rising demands of a globalized society propel the need for modernizing Islamic education in Indonesia. Traditional Islamic educational institutions like madrasahs and pesantren are complemented by integrated Islamic schools that balance religious teachings with contemporary academic knowledge. This transformation addresses the educational needs of Indonesia's large Muslim population while preserving Islamic values and identity. The emergence of these integrated schools indicates a significant shift towards a more holistic educational approach that includes both Islamic and secular curricula, reflecting the dual demand for spiritual guidance and competitive academic performance. This study explores the impact of the modernization of Islamic education through a network of Integrated Islamic Schools in North Sumatra, Indonesia. It investigates how these schools integrate traditional Islamic values with modern educational practices and how this affects educational outcomes and community perception. Employing a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach, the study gathers in-depth descriptive data through interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis from multiple Integrated Islamic Schools. This method provides a comprehensive understanding of the educational transformations and their implications on students and educators. The results showed that JSIT North Sumatra has implemented various educational innovations, including using technology in learning, an integrated curriculum, and participatory teaching methods. This modernization process improves the quality of education in general and strengthens the integration of Islamic values in the curriculum and school activities. This study provides insights into how Islamic education can evolve to meet the needs of modern times without losing its Islamic essence.
Integrasi Pendidikan Agama Islam: Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Emosional melalui Kitab Mahfudzot untuk Menumbuhkan Akhlak
Authors: Sofa Ainur Rofiq , Mundir Mundir , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Published: November 2024

Sejarah artikel: Diterima Revisi Diterima Penelitian ini menyelidiki integrasi kecerdasan spiritual dan emosional dalam pendidikan agama Islam di Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong, mengakui adanya kebutuhan mendesak untuk pengembangan moral di tengah tantangan kontemporer, khususnya peningkatan pergaulan bebas di kalangan remaja. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang meliputi observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dampak integrasi ini pada pembentukan moral siswa. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi kecerdasan spiritual dan emosional, difasilitasi melalui proses Hablum MinAllah dan Hablum Minannaas, secara signifikan berkontribusi pada pengembangan moral mahasiswa Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong. Secara khusus, penggunaan bahan pendidikan seperti Mahfudzot Fadoilul Iman, Mahfudzot Fadhoilun Nabi Wa Ash Shahabah, dan Filosofi Pesantren Genggong memainkan peran sentral dalam pendekatan pendidikan yang komprehensif ini. Kesimpulannya, penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga hasil utama: pengaruh substansial kecerdasan spiritual dan emosional dalam membentuk moral siswa, sifat saling terkait dari materi pendidikan yang dipilih, dan penerapan Metode Tikrar dalam Mahfudzot untuk menumbuhkan Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Emosional. Hal inilah yang menekankan penekanan strategi prinsip-prinsip Alquran dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam sebagai sarana efektif untuk menanamkan dan memperkuat nilai-nilai positif di kalangan mahasiswa Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong.
STRATEGIES FOR BUILDING THE CHARACTER OF TOLERANT STUDENTS THROUGH THE MANAGEMENT OF ETHNIC DIVERSITY AT THE SALAFIYAH SYAFI'IYAH SITUBONDO ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Sulthoniyah Luluk , Husnan Riayatul , Hidayat Rofiq
Published: November 2024

The Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo Situbondo Islamic Boarding School is one of the prominent Islamic boarding schools in East Java, which has an education system and alums who can be said to have a tolerant character and are known to be moderate so that they can respect other groups. This research aims to describe and discover the dynamics of the ethnic diversity of Santri, strategies for forming the character of tolerant Santri through managing ethnic diversity, and the implications of forming the character of tolerant Santri through managing ethnic diversity at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School in Situbondo. The research was carried out using an interpretive or post-positivistic paradigm approach, a qualitative approach. The type of research carried out was a case study using a case study research design. Determining subjects using purposive data analysis techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. Data validity uses triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the research show that the strategy for building the character of tolerant students through managing ethnic diversity at the Situbondo Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School is carried out in a structured manner through systematic and disciplined dormitory placement and schedules assisted by IKSASS administrators. The placement of various ethnically diverse dormitories in one dormitory room makes interaction patterns mutually open, and meeting various cultures makes students appreciate differences.
EVALUATION AND SUPERVISION ON PAI STUDY SUBJECT AT SDIT AL IRSYAD KARAWANG
Authors: Akil Akil , Arifudin Yadi Fahmi
Published: November 2024

The main problem of this research is due to the low management of educational and learning supervision in Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia. Meanwhile, Al-Irsyad Integrated Islamic Elementary School is one of the leading Islamic schools in Karawang district. This research aims to determine how schools evaluate and supervise Islamic Religious Education learning. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach using field studies. Data were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation methods. The research results found that the evaluation models are formative and summative. Formative includes daily exams and mid-semester exams. Summative includes final semester exams. Meanwhile, the techniques used are test and non-test techniques. Test techniques include oral and written exams. Meanwhile, non-tests take the form of assignments, performances, and journals. The model used for educational supervision is the clinical model, while the techniques used are individual and group. Individual techniques include classroom visits, observation, personal conversations, and self-assessment. Meanwhile, group techniques are carried out with new teacher orientation activities, teacher meetings, subject-teacher meetings, and workshops. Furthermore, the researcher hopes that the results of this research can become a basis for further research.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION POLICY IN MUSLIM MINORITY COUNTRIES (Case Study of Islamic Education in Thailand)
Authors: Rohimah  , Kurniawan Imam , Maryani Novi , Suherman Irman , Nurhaidah Siti Nuri
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze Islamic education policies in Muslim minority countries (Thailand). The research method used is a case study. Data was collected through interviews and documentation and then analyzed using NVivo 12. The results of this study illustrate that there are three primary forms of Islamic Education policy models in Muslim minority countries (Thailand), namely (1) laws or government regulations, (2) Islamic Education Curriculum, and (3) Provision of Islamic Education budget. This model of Islamic Education policy shows that the Thai government pays attention to the Muslim population, even though they are a minority population. There was turmoil in the Muslim region of Thailand, so the government made laws or regulations, created an Islamic education curriculum, and created a budget for the development of Islamic education. So that there is a change in culture and language, open accessibility of Islamic education, and support for the implementation of worship in the Thai Muslim community.
THE IMPACT OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOLERANCE CHARACTER OF ELEMENTARY AGE STUDENTS
Authors: Idawati Idawati , Rosmiati Rosmiati , Syamsuddin Agustan
Published: November 2024

Background: Various studies on multicultural education have been examined by previous researchers, but the focus on efforts to foster intercultural awareness and tolerance attitudes has not been responded to in a complex manner. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how intercultural awareness education develops student character. Method: This research combines a literature review methodology with a qualitative approach. Result: The research findings show that developing one's character requires consistent work and deep contemplation to arrive at a number of moral judgments which must then be practiced for them to become wise and practical. To form all of these into habits and shape one's character or behavior, it takes time. The family and home, the school environment, and the community must all be involved in the education process. Rebuilding the almost destroyed educational network and the relationship between the three educational contexts is the main step to take. As long as the three educational environments are not harmonious and sustainable, it will never be possible for the nature and character of education to be successfully formed. Given this fact, the strong influence of home, school and society is necessary to help students develop into excellent citizens.
MULTICULTURAL BASED-ISLAMIC EDUCATION LEARNING PLANNING
Authors: Mumtahanah Mumtahanah , Sumiati Sumiati , Rosmiati Rosmiati
Published: November 2024

Background: Various previous studies have responded to the study of multicultural education. However, the focus on the application of multicultural-based Islamic education learning planning steps has not been examined in depth by previous research. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine how Islamic education lessons that are multiculturally based are planned. Method: The research methodology employed is library research, which entails gathering data from a variety of sources, including books and periodicals that are relevant to study issues. Result: The study's findings indicate that there are multiple steps involved in implementing a multicultural Islamic education curriculum. The first is switching to a progressive curriculum philosophy, such as social reconstruction, progressivism, or humanism, for the curriculum. Second, the learning theory that is employed no longer has to be limited to specific psychological theories of learning; it also needs to take into consideration the diversity of social, cultural, political, and economic contexts. Third, group learning and competitive learning in a favorable environment take the role of the traditional learning process. Fourth, the assessment method must take into account every facet of the student's aptitudes and character, in line with the goals and subject matter being created. Conclusion: Through this research, conceptual implications are obtained in the form of multicultural-based Islamic education learning complex planning, as a step towards realizing harmony and diversity in society.
PENGARUH EKSTRAKURIKULER ROHANI ISLAM (ROHIS) TERHADAP SIKAP SPIRITUAL SISWA (Survey di SMK Negeri 46 Jakarta)
Authors: Rohimah Rohimah
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of Islamic spiritual extracurriculars (rohis) on spiritual attitudes. This research was carried out on students at SMK Negeri 46 Jakarta from June to August 2021. This research method was descriptive with a quantitative approach, and the analysis used simple linear regression analysis. The sampling technique in this research is using a saturated sample where the sample is a population, namely 30 respondents who are active members of the Islamic spiritual extracurricular classes 11 and 12. The research instrument used is a questionnaire using a Likert scale on variables X and Y. Research results show that Islamic spiritual extracurriculars (rohis) have a significant influence on spiritual attitudes. This is shown by the results of the regression test using the t test; the t count is 2.121 and the t table at the 5% significance level is 2.0448, and because t count > t table, the conclusion is that Islamic spiritual extracurriculars have a significant influence on students' spiritual attitudes.
Cardiocerebral syndromes: brain and heart (review)
Authors: ZOZULYA I.S. , VOLOSOVETS A.O. , ZOZULYA A.I. , BOYKO A.V. , PARKHOMENKO L.B.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the topic lies in determining the frequency of combined brain and heart damage, which leads to profound impairments in the body’s viability, often with severe outcomes. Numerous scientific studies by both domestic and international scientists highlight the importance of the nervous system in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. There exists a close interconnection between the functions of the cardiovascular system and the regulatory influence of the nervous system, especially the cerebral cortex. The limbic system has been shown to play an important role in regulating autonomic and visceral body functions. Disruptions in nervous regulation lead to various changes in cardiovascular activity. Heart disease, in turn, induces changes in nervous system functioning. For example, the study found that 87.3 % of patients with cerebrovascular disorders exhibited changes in cardiac function. It was found that the severity of cardiovascular disturbances depended on the location of brain damage, with the most pronounced effects observed in hemorrhagic stroke. Conversely, in cardiovascular pathology, cerebral blood flow was impaired. Ischemic stroke often developed against the backdrop of heart disease: post-infarction cardiosclerosis (21 %), myocardial infarction (8.5 %), and atrial fibrillation (17 %). Various symptoms and syndromes may occur in cases of simultaneous heart and brain pathology, including visceral-autonomic, visceral-motor, visceral-neurotrophic symptoms, syncopal states, TIA, strokes, epileptic seizures, coronary-spinal dysfunction, and others.Modern advancements in neurology, cardiology, and, particularly, cardiac surgery have facilitated a thorough and comprehensive study of cardiocerebral disorders.The article describes neurological syndromes associated with cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases, drawing on the authors’ extensive experience.
IMPACTO DO CÂNCER NA VIDA DO PACIENTE
Authors: Duarte da Costa Mendes Vera Lucia
Published: November 2024

Quando uma pessoa recebe um diagnóstico de câncer, muitos pensamentos passam pela cabeça dessa pessoa. Será que vou aguentar, como vai ficar minha família, meu trabalho, e tantas outras preocupações. É fundamental que haja uma comunicação aberta e honesta por parte de toda a equipe multidisciplinar, compartilhando de forma clara e acessível, respondendo as dúvidas do paciente.
Post-historicism, Post-territorialism, and the Problem of Scale: A Metacritical Appraisal of the Literary-Theoretical Paradigm of ‘Planetary Time’
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India, Pahari Sayantan , Modak Arindam
Published: November 2024

Wai Chee Dimock’s literary-theoretical paradigm of ‘planetary time’ neatly fits the epithet ‘post-historicist/post-territorialist’ for its simultaneous repudiation of historicist and nationalist approaches to literary critical practice. Opposed to the absolute jurisdiction of temporal periods and spatial territories as literary analytic units, the ‘post-historicist/post-territorialist’ paradigm seeks to tap into the spatiotemporal entanglements of literary criticism to produce analyses of literature that trace the transtemporal and extraterritorial linkages forged by literary processes and their attendant actors. The article primarily focuses on Wai Chee Dimock’s literary analytic scale of ‘planetary time’, an extended temporal scale that, according to Dimock, is intrinsically coupled to a spatial scale of planetary dimensions. While subjecting Dimock’s literary-theoretical approach to a sustained metacritique, the article also intermittently engages with closely related paradigms that could shed more light on the nuances of literary analytic scales. Two analytic scales appropriated from the field of historiography – Fernand Braudel’s extended longue durée and Carlo Ginzburg’s episodic (micro)history – will not only lend an interdisciplinary perspective to this metacritical study, but also underscore the spatiotemporal implications of scale in literary criticism. These insights could help recalibrate literary critical practice by introducing greater self-reflexivity in its deployment of scale.
A Constructive Proof and Algorithm for the 2D Brouwer Fixed-Point Theorem with Surjective Mapping
Authors: Yang Ruohan
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the two-dimensional Brouwer Fixed-Point Theorem within the context of a surjective continuous transformation function f(x) . This function can be interpreted as defining a continuous vector field. In this framework, each point in the disk is mapped to another point via a specific vector associated with the continuous transformation, thereby establishing a coherent vector field. This function can be interpreted as defining a continuous vector field. In this framework, the vector field can be decomposed two vector fields. Instead of  proving the existence of fixed point directly, the article aim to focus on prove the vector fields always has intersection where at this point, the vector fields has opposite direction and same norm.The paper also provide the programming experiment which further verifies the proof.
Study of program placement optimization in mixed environments in environmental adaptation
Authors: Yamato Yoji
Published: November 2024

In recent years, the number of applications using heterogeneous hardware such as FPGAs and GPUs has been increasing. However, to fully utilize them, an understanding of the hardware is necessary, which is a high barrier. Based on this background, we have proposed environment-adaptive software that automatically converts code written by programmers for normal CPUs according to the deployment environment, enabling high performance operation. This paper targets automatic offloading to appropriate hardware in a mixed environment that contains normal CPUs, multi-core CPUs, FPGAs, GPUs, and quantum computers. We confirm how much the performance of normal CPUs can be achieved with each hardware, and based on cost performance, we determine the appropriate hardware for offloading and perform automatic offloading. We confirm that the proposed method can automatically offload by measuring the processing time using actual heterogeneous hardware.
Y. Yamato, "Study of program placement optimization in mixed environments in environmental adaptation," The 13th IIAE International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2025 (ICIAE 2025), Mar. 2025.
Digital tools for reading success: Meta-analyses of digital interventions
Authors: Pasqualotto Angela , Cunningham Emma G. , Holman Claire , Bediou Benoit , Bavelier Daphne
Published: November 2024

We present two meta-analyses examining the effectiveness of digital tools on reading outcomes for children and adolescents under 15. We differentiate between poor readers and general school readers, considering intervention type, syllabic complexity, and the type of reading outcomes as moderators. Our search encompassed randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental trials that assessed digital interventions targeting cognitive or specifically reading-related skills, including a control group, published between 2000 and 2022. We included 41 studies (k = 194) for poor readers and 15 studies (k = 69) for general readers. Our findings from multilevel meta-analyses with robust variance estimation show positive impacts on reading performance for both poor (medium effect size: g = 0.433, CI = [0.3; 0.56], p < 0.001) and general readers (small effect size: g = 0.256, CI = [.08; 0.43], p = 0.009). Notably, domain-specific interventions aided both reader types, while domain-general interventions were effective only for poor readers. The impact of syllabic complexity was limited, with only numerically stronger effects in languages with simpler syllabic structures. Effect sizes did not differ significantly between decoding and comprehension outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of tailored digital interventions to enhance reading skills, especially for those facing reading challenges, and underscore the need for considering additional characteristics in intervention design.
Do Theory of Mind and Mental Time Travel abilities build on joint cognitive foundations?
Authors: Schidelko Lydia Paulin , Baumann Leonie , Proft Marina , rakoczy hannes
Published: November 2024

Human thinking is special in that it goes beyond representing the here and now. Two relevant forms of such thinking are Theory of Mind (ToM) that enables us to represent others’ perspectives, and Mental Time Travel (MTT) that enables us to represent other points in time. The present studies investigate how these capacities are related in development. Do they build on the same cognitive foundations and thus emerge together? Do higher-order forms of the two abilities rely on analogous recursive embedding and thus progress in parallel and coordinated ways? We addressed these questions in four studies with 3- to 9-year-old children (N = 395). ToM was operationalized as first-, second-, and third-order false belief understanding. MTT was operationalized as reasoning about future possibilities (first-order), counterfactual reasoning (second-order) and anticipating counterfactual emotions (third-order). Study 1 shows a stepwise development of both ToM and MTT and a moderate consistency of performance patterns. However, across all four studies, we did not find robust correlations between first-, second- and third-order tasks of ToM and MTT, respectively. Overall, these results show stepwise and parallel trajectories in ToM and MTT, but do not provide stringent evidence for a joint cognitive foundation of the two capacities.
Human brain model for episodic memory
Authors: Zhao Duohua
Published: November 2024

Episodic memory, as one of long-term memory, has been studied by researchers for decades, and researchers have made major progress in the studying of episodic memory. However, the mechanisms of forming episodic memory are still unknown. In this paper, I propose the human brain model for episodic memory and the forming mechanisms of episodic memory based on human brain model for long-term memory, this model explains the mechanisms of how episodic memory can be formed and stored in our brain in one occurrence of the event. This model points a possible research direction of episodic memory. This model can be used for computer modeling of neuronal network of episodic memory. This model maybe the foundation of brain-inspired AI.
Psychometric Properties and Validity of a Mobile Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (MPHQ-9) for Ecological Momentary Assessment in Depressed Adults
Authors: Haddox Dawson , Mackin Daniel , Griffin Tess , Heinz Michael V. , Nemesure Matthew David , Collins Amanda C , Price George , Lekkas Damien , Pillai Arvind , Nepal Subigya , Campbell Andrew T. , Jacobson Nicholas C.
Published: November 2024

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) offers advantages over retrospective questionnaires by reducing recall bias and capturing rapid symptom dynamics, and it is increasingly used to measure depression symptoms. However, few depression symptom measures are validated for EMA use in the manner expected for traditional questionnaires. Therefore, the current study examined the internal consistency, longitudinal stability, and convergent validity of the Mobile Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (MPHQ-9), a version of the PHQ-9 modified for EMA. Depressed participants (N = 280; Female = 83.93%; White = 79.29%) completed the MPHQ-9 three times daily for 90 days. Data from the first and last 2 weeks were analyzed to align with a pre-study PHQ-9 and post-study PHQ-9 and Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms - Expanded Version (IDAS-II). The MPHQ-9 demonstrated fair to substantial adjusted item-total correlations (r = 0.42–0.83), often exceeding the PHQ-9 (r = 0.39–0.72). Inter-item correlations ranged from slight to substantial for the MPHQ-9 (r = 0.26–0.87) and were typically larger than the correlations observed for the PHQ-9 (r = 0.11–0.71). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were substantial for both the MPHQ-9 (.91) and PHQ-9 (.81). The MPHQ-9 showed moderate and superior stability (r = .69), compared to the slight stability of the PHQ-9 (r = .39). There was moderate agreement between the MPHQ-9 and both the PHQ-9 (r = .71) and the IDAS-II General Depression subscale (r = .65). This study provides initial validation of the MPHQ-9 and suggests it may be a better measure of depression symptomatology than the PHQ-9 in some contexts.
Speaking fast and slow: How speech rate affects contextual facilitation in degraded speech comprehension
Authors: Bhandari Pratik , Demberg Vera , Kray Jutta
Published: November 2024

Previous research has shown that semantic predictability facilitates language comprehension at a moderate level of spectral degradation (e.g., 4-channel noise-vocoding). Clean speech and self-paced reading studies have shown that contextual facilitation decreases with an increase in presentation rate (fast speech), while the previous evidence on the enhancement of contextual facilitation with a decrease in presentation rate (slow speech) is inconsistent. We aimed to examine how a change in speech rate modulates contextual facilitation in language comprehension when the speech is moderately degraded at 4-channel noise-vocoding. In two experiments, we compared participants’ word recognition in a sentence while they listened to a moderately degraded speech presented at normal and fast speech rates (Experiment 1), and at normal and slow speech rates (Experiment 2). We also varied the predictability of the sentence-final target-word (high and low predictability). Results of the study demonstrated that fast speech limits the time for lexical processing. This time constraint interferes with the lexical processing of words, disproportionately affecting the low predictability sentences, on top of effortful listening of the moderately degraded speech. In contrast, slow speech does not amplify the contextual facilitation; lexical processing, context representation, and semantic predictions are optimal at the normal speech rate for a moderately degraded speech.
Free movement for whom? Gendered dynamics in the access to mobility infrastructures in West Africa
Authors: Weinrich Amalie Ravn
Published: November 2024

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has established one of the most comprehensive free movement regimes. By declaring West Africa a borderless region, the organisation affirms the right of free movement for all citizens of member states. Nevertheless, significant obstacles to securing this right persist, resulting in difficulties moving across the region. These challenges are particularly prevalent for female migrants. Studies on free movement within West Africa reveal that widespread corruption, border harassment, and bureaucratic inefficiencies severely restrict female migration opportunities. However, current scholarship inadequately addresses the interrelation between regional mobility law, infrastructures, and female migration. This article argues that a fundamental issue within the ECOWAS free movement regime is ensuring access to mobility infrastructures. It examines the gendered dimensions of access to mobility infrastructures from the perspective of ECOWAS officials. Mobility infrastructures are conceptualised as comprising legal, physical, and technological components that collectively facilitate or restrict movement. The analysis draws on documentary evidence and insights from 19 semi-structured interviews with ECOWAS Commission officials. It shows that access to mobility infrastructures is predominantly determined by embedded gender norms, laws, and practices. By analysing accounts from officials involved in constructing the free movement regime, the article provides unique insights into the disparities between institutional intentions, legal frameworks, and mobility trajectories. In doing so, it contributes to research on free movement in West Africa, mobility infrastructures, and the emerging scholarship on legal infrastructures.
Digital Access, Resources, and Literacy: Mapping the Digital Divide and ICT Learning Challenges Among Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Hossain Tareq
Published: November 2024

Although Bangladesh has adopted many digital initiatives, it continues to grapple with widespread digital disparity and social inequality. Through semi-structured interviews, this study explores the dynamics of the digital divide and the perceptions and experiences of undergraduate students in Bangladesh in ICT education and learning. The findings indicate that, despite the significant impact of the digital divide, caused by multifaceted socioeconomic inequality, ICT education has largely failed to provide students with essential digital skills. This article emphasizes the need for an effective learning environment that prioritizes three interconnected dimensions: equal access, resources, and digital literacy. By examining the interplay between digital divides and the imperative of integrating e-learning into pedagogical strategies, this study contributes to the field of educational policy and technology. Ultimately, this article advocates a digitally inclusive and student-centred digital learning environment in the technology-poor setting of higher education in Bangladesh.
Réflexions sur la production routinière des jugements d’éloignements par les juges du fond : approche pragmatique et méthodes computationnelles
Authors: Lamé Anouk
Published: November 2024

Depuis septembre 2021, les décisions de la justice administrative sont progressivement et exhaustivement publiées en open data, ouvrant par là un corpus d’une très grande richesse pour les recherches empiriques sur le droit et des opportunités de recherche uniques en Europe. Cependant, un tel matériel empirique, parce qu’il est novateur et unique, requiert de s’équiper d’un outillage méthodologique et conceptuel adapté. C’est à ces deux discussions que cette contribution souhaite apporter des pistes de réflexion, en introduisant un cadre méthodologique inspiré du pragmatisme et des outils dits « computationnels », qui permettent d’analyser de larges corpus de données, y compris juridiques. Il s’agira dans une première partie d’introduire le cadre méthodologique de l’étude et de présenter les récents développements dans la recherche computationnelle sur le droit. Dans une seconde partie, seront présentés des résultats empiriques tirés d’un projet de recherche en cours portant sur le rôle des juges dans la définition de l’éloignabilité des étrangers et de la création d’une base de données sur le contentieux de l’éloignement dans les tribunaux administratifs. Ce retour d’expérience est suivi par une discussion conceptuelle, qui a pour objectif d’ouvrir un dialogue sur le cadre analytique adapté aux opportunités offertes par l’open data.
Contribution of livestock to CO2 emission in SAARC countries: an empirical analysis of panel data
Authors: Khatri Bishnu Bahadur , Poudel Omkar , Acharya Pradeep
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the contribution of livestock production to CO2 emissions in SAARC countries from 1990 to 2020 through an empirical analysis using panel data. The study included variables such as CO2 emissions and stocks, namely cattle, chickens, and goats. Data for the Maldives were excluded due to unavailability, and swine population data were also omitted for the same reason. Unit root tests revealed that the series were non-stationary at levels but became stationary after first differencing. The ARDL bounds test with a lag length of 3 (AIC = -7.951, SC = -7.060, HQ = -7.590) identified significant long-run relationships. Specifically, cattle (coefficient = 2.948, p-value = 0.000) and chickens (coefficient = 2.369, p-value = 0.000) were positively associated with CO2 emissions, while goats showed a negative association (coefficient = −5.594, p-value = 0.000). It was proven that there was a long-term equilibrium by cointegration tests like the Kao Residual cointegration test (ADF t-Statistic = -1.646, p-value = 0.049) and the Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test (Trace test and Max-Eigen test: p-value < 1%). Cross-sectional analysis revealed variability, with Afghanistan's cointegration coefficient at -0.325 (p-value = 0.000) and Bhutan's at 0.034 (p-value = 0.000). The results showed notable variability across countries, suggesting the need for tailored mitigation strategies. The study highlights the significant role of livestock in greenhouse gas emissions and calls for improved management and regional collaboration to mitigate environmental impacts in SAARC countries.
Son Preference and Socialization in Nepali Society
Authors: Khatri Shanta Kumari , Pokhrel Rachana
Published: November 2024

This study examines son preference in Nepal, revealing deep-rooted societal attitudes toward male and female children. Data were collected from 85 households through interviews and focus group discussions using stratified random sampling. Findings indicate a strong preference for sons, driven by cultural norms, economic factors, and familial responsibilities, regardless of parental education levels. Uneducated respondents expressed a heightened need for sons, while educated individuals offered more nuanced views. Daughters are valued for domestic roles and emotional support but face barriers to education and empowerment. Despite certain awareness of gender discrimination, opportunities for equality remain limited, with societal structures favoring male authority. The study underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to promote gender equity, emphasizing education and societal change.
Mine Drainage System Planning At PT Putra Coal in The North Kalimantan Region
Authors: Sari Avellyn Shinthya , Cahyono Yudho Dwi Galih , Seran Lucitania Grasella Rotyn
Published: November 2024

Coal is a deposit of plant fossils that has undergone a peat process over a long period of time. A company in Malinau Regency, North Kalimantan Province, requires replanning for the existing drainage system because its holding pond or sump, which is a former pit, will be re-mined. Therefore, this research re-plans the drainage system to overcome this problem. The methods for data processing comprised the Gumbel method, the Monobe equation, the Seyhan equation, and the calculations of open channels and holding pond dimensions, as well as pump capacity. The mine drainage system creates channels or ditches that function to prevent runoff water from entering the mining area. The channel capacity was 0.6 m3 /second, or 2,261 m3 /hour, with a large runoff of 0.146 m3 /second, or 63 m3 /hour. The channel would be made in a trapezoid shape. Meanwhile, the mine dewatering method used a pumping system to release water into the sump. Using 1 pump of MF-420EX, the total flow of water that could be pumped reached 50,537 m3 /hour with working hours of 20 hours. The sump capacity was 28,825 m3 in a trapezoid shape with dimensions of 95 m surface length, 70 m surface width, 85 m base length, 60 m base width, and 5 m depth.
Evaluation of Supplier Performance Effectiveness Measurement using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) and ANP (Analytic Network Process) Method Approach (Case Study: Supply of Silica Powder to PT. Freeport Indonesia - Java Integrated and Industrial Port Estate (JIIPE), Gresik)
Authors: Samsir Samsir , Gunarta I Ketut
Published: November 2024

Companies must be able to provide quality products at relatively efficient prices and distribute them quickly to survive and excel in competition. Companies need to collaborate with various parties to innovate and create competitive advantages. Suppliers are essential actors as providers of resources that companies need precisely, quickly, and efficiently, so good supply chain management is required. Companies must be able to assess supplier performance appropriately because this is the key to the success of successful SCM. The object of this research was carried out at the company PT. Freeport Indonesia. This company experienced several problems related to the instability of the supply of silica powder as a reducing agent for copper ore, such as non-fulfilment of order quantities, delays, price changes and so on. This research aims to identify appropriate criteria related to supplier performance using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) and ANP methods in the companies studied. From the results of this research, the best supplier criteria will be obtained based on quantitatively weighted classifications.
Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Hardness Value and Microstructure of Medium Carbon Steel
Authors: Tsamroh Dewi Izzatus , Dika Johan Wayan , Yazirin Cepi , Sasongko Muhammad Ilman Nur , Prasetiyo Ardianto
Published: November 2024

Medium carbon steel is a kind of material that is usually used in manufacturing axles, gears and shaft. The application of medium carbon steel to axles, gears and shaft requires high hardness on the surface, but high ductility at the core. The mechanical properties of this material can be improved through a heat treatment process. However, in mass production there is obstacles, which is the uneven hardness on the entire surface, thus, it does not meet the hardness standards set as a commercial product. Therefore, cryogenic treatment was added which aimed to maintain the hardness value of the material after heat treatment. The material used in this research was S45C steel. The heat treatment conducted to increase the hardness of S45C steel was hardening followed by tempering. Hardening was carried out at a temperature of 900 with a holding time of 45 minutes, followed by rapid cooling (quenching) using dromus oil as a medium. Tempering was carried out at 450 for 15 minutes. Cryogenic treatment was carried out at -190 for 1 hour. The research results showed that the highest hardness was obtained in specimens with hardening-quenching treatment followed by cryogenics with a hardness value of 35 HRC (core) and 35.8 HRC (surface). The hardness test results were in line with the microstructure test results., where the microstructure of specimens that had hardening-quenching treatment followed by cryogenics were dominated by pearlite, thus the hardness value were high.
The image of an obstetrics specialist in social and online media
Authors:   Research Institute for Healthсare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Bogdan I.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Khlynin A.P. ,   Research Institute for Healthсare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Abstract Aim. To identify the main characteristics of the image of an obstetrics specialist in the media and provide recommendations for its improvement. Design. A cross-sectional study of publications in social media using content analysis was carried out. Materials and methods. An analysis of messages on obstetrics (n = 725) posted by Muscovites on social and digital media identified the most common words and word combinations (lemmas and bigrams) as well as images associated with relevant publications (n = 738). Results. The publications have a predominantly neutral tone. The image of an obstetrics specialist is mostly created by women for women, which is reflected in five major contexts: advertisement of services for pregnant women (28%), pregnancy education/advice to pregnant women (19%), experience of interaction with a specialist (18%), educational events for pregnant women/health professionals (17%), and education about midwifery and stories about famous midwifery specialists (15%). Important characteristics of the image are perceptions of high workload, active education, and commercialization. Conclusion. The image of an obstetrics specialist in social and online media is presented as that of an experienced, capable woman who works a lot due to the nature of the job and low salary. When developing a media strategy to cultivate a positive image of the service and its specialists, it is advisable to post in specialized communities and on social media of opinion leaders. Another strategy is to share messages reflecting a patient’s positive emotional experience with obstetrics services and to encourage specialists to engage in media activities and share their knowledge and experience. Key words: media image, obstetrician, obstetrician-gynecologist, midwife, social media, social perception.
Relationship of the complement system with recurrence of pain syndrome after surgical treatment of ovarian endometrioid cysts
Authors:   State Clinical Hospital No. 14, Chizhova A.V. ,   Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Polushina L.G. ,   Ural State Medical University; Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Kudryavtseva E.V. ,   Ural State Medical University; Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Kopenkin M.A. ,   Ural State Medical University; Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Abstract Aim. To evaluate the levels of complement system components (C3 and C4) in women with endometrioid ovarian cysts and their relationship with pain recurrence within a year after surgical treatment. Design. Prospective cohort comparative study Materials and methods. The study included 60 women referred for surgical treatment of endometrioid ovarian cysts with pain syndrome of varying severity (dysmenorrhea and/or dyspareunia and/or chronic pelvic pain). Before surgical treatment, the levels of C3 and C4 in the blood serum of all patients was determined. One year after the surgery, the presence of pain syndrome in the studied patients was re-evaluated. Women who noted its resumption within a year after the surgery were combined into the main group (group 1, n = 30), patients who reported the absence of pain syndrome in any form at the control visit formed the comparison group (group 2, n = 30). Results. Since half of the women participating in the study (n = 30) experienced recurrence of pain within a year after surgery, we performed a comparative analysis of the initial levels of C3 and C4 in patients with endometrioid ovarian cysts with and without persistent pain after surgery. It was found that in the comparison group, the initial level of C3 was 1.23 (1.13–1.31) g/L, C4 — 0.21 (0.19–0.26) g/L, and in women who noted chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia and/or dyspareunia one year after surgery, it was 1.32 (1.17–1.52) and 0.23 (0.2–0.28) g/L, respectively. High statistical significance of differences between the groups in the level of C3 was determined: p = 0.037. In women with persistent pain syndrome, the level of C4 was also slightly higher, but the differences were not statistically significant: p = 0.338. Conclusion. Initially, a relatively higher level of C3 is associated with an increased likelihood of pain recurrence one year after surgical treatment. Determination of C3 level in the future can be used to predict the recurrence of pain after surgery and prescribe personalized drug therapy. Key words: endometrioma, endometrioid ovarian cysts, complement system C3, C4.
Resting in the forest in times of pandemonium for the betterment of life, or bushcraft in the Polish National Forests
Authors: Jastrzębska Justyna , Ewa Zaraś  , Jakub Botwina
Published: November 2024

Motives: In the context of the global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to develop new, safe forms of recreation and nature education.Aims: The Polish State Forests are introducing the concept of bushcraft, which has gained popularity among those willing to develop such skills. Sociological research and analysis of forest resources have helped to develop regulations for this form of recreation and a map of places where it can be practiced. The availability of information on the website of the General Directorate of State Forests is an important consideration, as it can facilitate the process of organizing recreation for participants and foresters.Results: The pilot program “Stay overnight in the forest” has been a success, attracting interest without negatively affecting forests and ecosystems. In the face of current and future pandemic challenges, such an innovative form of recreation may attract nature enthusiasts.