bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of in situ hybridization for detection of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus in Asian elephants
Authors: Kochakul Varankpicha , Boonsri Kittikorn , Tiwananthagorn Saruda , Somgird Chalermchart , Thitaram Chatchote , Pringproa Kidsadagon
Published: May 2018

Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases affecting the elephant population worldwide, especially juveniles and young adults. We developed a chromogenic in situ hybridization (ISH) test for detection of EEHV in Asian elephants ( Elephas maximus). Digoxigenin (DIG) DNA probes from the polymerase and terminase genes of EEHV were synthesized using a PCR DIG-labeling method, and detection of hybridized probe to target EEHV DNA was carried out by anti-DIG immunolabeling. Distribution of EEHV-1A and EEHV-4 genomes was found to be prominent in mononuclear phagocytic cells of spleen and endothelial cells of visceral organs. ISH enables the detection of EEHV infection and has applications in understanding pathogenesis of EEHV in Asian elephants.
Simulation Gaming Can Strengthen Experiential Education in Complex Infrastructure Systems
Authors: McBurnett Lauren R. , Hinrichs Margaret M. , Seager Thomas P. , Clark Susan Spierre
Published: May 2018

Background Despite federal directives to strengthen the resilience of critical infrastructure systems, existing education programs have not kept pace with ambitious policy goals. As post-war infrastructure ages, it is increasingly necessary for graduates to master systems thinking to understand the complex and interdependent nature of infrastructure. Whereas in traditional physical science and engineering courses, learning would take place in laboratory exercises, the scale and criticality of infrastructure present obstacles to experimental and experiential learning activities.

Aim This article describes the experience of an educational simulation game, called the LA Water Game, to teach management of ageing water infrastructure as a complex socio-technical system.

Method A total of over 200 participants in 16 workshops completed an introductory lecture, experimental scenario development, experiential game play, and participated in reflective group discussion. Qualitative data was collected during game play and debriefing interviews and was used to assess participant learning outcomes.

Results Participant feedback affirmed that simulation gaming can reinforce the experimental, experiential, and reflective phases of the Kolb Learning Cycle. Subjects displayed cognitive and affective engagement, intrinsic motivation, and often reported improved understanding of complex systems attributes, including interdependencies, feedback loops, nonlinearity, and stochasticity.
Expanding the Impact of the Psychology of Working: Engaging Psychology in the Struggle for Decent Work and Human Rights
Authors: Blustein David L. , Kenny Maureen E. , Di Fabio Annamaria , Guichard Jean
Published: May 2018

Building on new developments in the psychology of working framework (PWF) and psychology of working theory (PWT), this article proposes a rationale and research agenda for applied psychologists and career development professionals to contribute to the many challenges related to human rights and decent work. Recent and ongoing changes in the world are contributing to a significant loss of decent work, including a rise of unemployment, underemployment, and precarious work across the globe. By failing to satisfy human needs for economic survival, social connection, and self-determination, the loss of decent work undermines individual and societal well-being, particularly for marginalized groups and those without highly marketable skills. Informed by innovations in the PWF/PWT, we offer exemplary research agendas that focus on examining the psychological meaning and impact of economic and social protections, balancing caregiving work and market work, making work more just, and enhancing individual capacities for coping and adapting to changes in the world of work. These examples are intended to stimulate new ideas and initiatives for psychological research that will inform and enhance efforts pertaining to work as a human right.
V. O. Key Goes Urban: Toward Understanding a Changing Political Order
Authors: Stone Clarence N.
Published: May 2018

A body of recent work shows that the urban political arena and its analysis are undergoing a profound shift. Through a political-order concept inspired by the work of V. O. Key, this essay examines how contextual change and acts of agency combine in forming the governing arrangements that encompass cities. To unpack the change process, the analysis offered here uses a comparison between (1) the prevailing order in the several years following the close of World War II when urban redevelopment and Black mobilization were the dominant struggles and (2) the present time with its seemingly more fluid character but a backdrop of a highly partisan clash of cultures waged intergovernmentally. The comparison between the periods demonstrates the degree to which political orders can vary, with a sturdy order of redevelopment and accommodation giving way to hampered efforts to pursue urban progressivism. Even with a market economy a large presence across time, change follows no master arc but remains configurative.
Sociology towards death: Heidegger, time and social theory
Authors: Nielsen Kelly , Skotnicki Tad
Published: May 2018

In this article, we draw on the existential phenomenology of Martin Heidegger to propose an approach to sociology that takes human experiences of finitude and possibility as crucial topics of investigation. A concern with death is not absent in sociological thought. To the contrary, Durkheim’s Suicide grounds a sociological research tradition into death and dying. Yet Heidegger’s existentialism renders our finitude – not just death – a matter of everyday life, a constitutive feature of human existence and a source of sociological investigation. By explicating Heidegger’s interconnected concepts of finitude, futurity, authenticity and resoluteness, we propose to investigate people’s ordinary temporal experiences as well as the institutional contexts that make them possible. On this basis, we develop two concepts – existential marginalisation and existential exhaustion – that foreground questions of time, meaning and institutions in the study of poverty, inequality and everyday life.
Delegitimizing wilderness as the man cave: The role of social media in female wilderness empowerment
Authors: Weatherby Theodora G , Vidon Elizabeth S
Published: May 2018

Historically, American wilderness has been conceived as a profoundly masculine landscape and a threat to femininity. Early wilderness discourse stressed landscapes of risk and danger, certainly no place for a woman. Prior to the Romantic era and Transcendentalism, but even in recent history, it was not uncommon for women to avoid venturing into wilderness alone for reasons including personal safety and possible corruption of body and spirit. The introduction of tourism in wilderness allowed people to experience the thrill of the wild while enjoying an element of safety through mitigated risk, an experience that appealed to the masculine and created socially significant places. While wilderness has historically been tied to these masculine narratives, these and the wilderness identity are increasingly challenged by contemporary feminine discourse working within various social media platforms. As tourism continues to domesticate wilderness, women are simultaneously pushing against social boundaries that dictate their place within, thus, changing both the identity of place and of women’s roles therein. This process, shifting both definitions of wilderness and woman, occurs through deconstruction of powerful feminine stereotypes through active engagement with these increasingly accessible landscapes. Social media acts as platform through which this changing discourse is garnering support and social power. Thus, this article argues that women’s assertions and performances of power in wilderness directly combat stereotypes of their place in these landscapes. Furthermore, without tourism’s promotion of these spaces as extraordinary and powerful in themselves, women’s performances therein would lack the social significance and challenge to wilderness as gendered.
The penal implications of austerity: Italian punishment in the wake of the Eurozone crisis
Authors: Gallo Zelia A.
Published: May 2018

The article discusses the implications of the Eurozone crisis for Italian penality. It begins by analysing the ‘politics of austerity’ – the economic reforms and new political mode entrenched by the Eurozone crisis. It then reflects upon the penal implications of such changes, focusing on the conceptual links between state–citizen relations, political institutional arrangements, and punishment in Italy. The article argues that Italy will continue to display an alternation of punitiveness and moderation. However, the meaning and contours of both punitiveness and moderation are changing. Punitiveness is likely to be exacerbated as punishment is used to impose cohesion on an ever more fragmented polity. Moderation, far from being a collective good and ‘public philosophy’, is likely to become a narrow, stratified and personalistic good. The article urges us to consider whether austerity may be engendering similar dynamics across other EU polities.
Do incarcerated male juvenile recidivists differ from first-time offenders on self-reported psychopathic traits? A retrospective study
Authors: Pechorro Pedro , Braga Teresa , Ray James V. , Gonçalves Rui Abrunhosa , Andershed Henrik
Published: May 2018

The current study analyzed the relation between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits, more specifically the callous-unemotional, impulsivity, and narcissism dimensions of the psychopathy construct. The Antisocial Process Screening Device – Self-Report (APSD-SR) and other self-report instruments independently measuring the three different dimensions of psychopathy (that is, Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, Narcissistic Personality-13) were completed by a sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( N = 244) who were retrospectively classified as recidivists versus non-recidivists. The only statistically significant relation found between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits after controlling for age and socioeconomic status was with the impulsivity dimension of the APSD-SR. Additionally, results showed that recidivism was associated with alcohol use but not with drug use or crime seriousness.
Evaluation of sealing performance of bearing rings of roller-cone bits based on grid-shaped bionic non-smooth surface
Authors: Zeng Ming , Zhou Yi , Ma Yachao
Published: May 2018

Based on the bionic non-smooth surface theory, this article carries out (1) design of the structure of bionic non-smooth sealing rings and toothed bars of the sealing structure and (2) finite element simulation study on the bionic non-smooth surface structure of roller-cone bits. The result shows that (1) when the parameter Y is equal to the rack angles, the maximum pressure of the Type B is smaller than that of the Type A, while the equivalent stress of the Type A is smaller than that of the Type B; when the parameter Y is equal to the tooth distribution, the maximum pressure and the equivalent stress of the rack angle of 30° are smaller than that of the rack angle of 20°; and when the rack angle is equal to the tooth distribution, the maximum contact pressure and the equivalent stress of the tooth decrease with the increase in the parameter Y. (2) Compared with the O-shaped sealing rings, the new tooth bars avoid the problem of over-large contact area. (3) The grid-shaped sealing structure can increase the wear resistance of rubber rings and delay their wear and aging, thus improving their service life.
Activity Aprons for Inpatients Requiring Individual Nursing Assignment Care: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Ruff Michael W. , Fine Anthony , Mandrekar Jay , Sweeney Cindy , Jones Lyell K. , Klaas James P.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Activity aprons are commercially available products used to occupy patients with dementia at home or in long-term care facilities. We hypothesized that inpatient use of activity aprons could potentially reduce or eliminate behaviors that result in self-harm, increased nursing supervision, and restraint use in an inpatient hospital setting.

Methods:

A single-center prospective randomized controlled pilot study was performed from July 2015 to November 2016 comparing activity apron plus standard care versus standard care alone. Consecutively enrolled patients were randomized by stratified randomization using age (cutoff: 80 years) and preexisting diagnosis of dementia or cognitive impairment. Primary outcomes were safety and feasibility of apron use. Secondary outcomes included duration of hospitalization postrandomization and individual nursing assignment (IA), time in restraints, nonphysical restraints use, falls, apron-related complications, dismissal destination, and 30-day hospital readmission.

Results:

Thirty patients were enrolled, with 13 randomized to apron and 17 randomized to the control group. There was no statistically significant reduction in mean length of hospital stay (15.8 vs 21.5 day; P = .40), duration of IA compared to non-apron control group (6.4 vs 9.1, respectively; P = .39), or antipsychotic medication use (61.5% vs 70.6% in control group; P = .60). No complications secondary to apron use were seen.

Conclusions:

Activity aprons are a safe addition to the standard of care when managing encephalopathic patients in the inpatient setting. These aprons may have a role as part of a comprehensive complement of interventions to address delirium and encephalopathy in hospitalized patients.
Responsive brain stimulation in epilepsy
Authors: Hartshorn Alendia , Jobst Barbara
Published: May 2018

Stimulation devices are considered in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and who are not surgical candidates. Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is a cortically based stimulator activated by electrocorticography (ECoG) patterns. Stimulation is applied directly to the seizure focus. The vagal nerve stimulator AspireSR 106 is also a responsive device which, in addition to basal stimulation, is activated by tachycardia. Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus is used in Europe for intractable epilepsy and yields similar response rates to RNS using duty cycle stimulation. Chronic subthreshold cortical stimulation is an experimental form of constant, low-level stimulation applied to a seizure focus. These modalities are discussed and compared in this review.
Elections as an Opportunity of learning Civic Education and Political Participation for teenagers
Authors: Zvulun Jacky Yaakov , Harel Yigal
Published: May 2018

Developed countries are recently experiencing an unprecedented decrease of political participation involvement among young people. While there is robust evidence that education increases civic and political participation in developed democracies, it has been argued that there is no clear correlation between education and increase of political participation. In this article, we suggest an additional educational instrument in school that might contribute to the awareness of political participation and increase involvement in politics. This qualitative study seeks to understand whether teenagers can show more interest in elections with an additional instrument kit in schools. The research study was conducted toward national elections, and the theoretical proposal was reinforced by interviews as an exploratory research. In total, 20 teachers from social science and citizenship studies were interviewed, in two colleges in the center of the country. The article provides a better understanding that this theoretical proposal booklet can provide robust citizenship orientation in high school and might contribute to the increase of citizen engagement.
Extensive subcutaneous emphysema following lobectomy
Authors: Fadhlillah Fiqry , Jia Wei
Published: May 2018

We present a case report of extensive subcutaneous emphysema secondary to an elective left upper lobectomy. A 65-year-old gentleman was brought into a London teaching hospital’s Accident and Emergency department following report of severe swelling. He was mistakenly treated by the paramedics as an allergic reaction and given hydrocortisone and salbutamol nebulisers with no effect. Upon arrival, the patient had widespread crepitus extending from his peri-orbital muscles down to mid-torso. A computer tomography scan revealed a pleuro-cutaneous fistula at the site of a recently sited chest drain, with extensive emphysema and a pneumothorax. A Seldinger chest drain was successfully inserted under blind technique following two attempts. This case highlights the risk of subcutaneous emphysema following thoracic surgery, the importance of correct diagnosis and the difficulties of left-sided intercostal drains in patients with subcutaneous emphysema.
Does the Beighton Score Correlate With Specific Measures of Shoulder Joint Laxity?
Authors: Whitehead Noah A. , Mohammed Khalid D. , Fulcher Mark L.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Evaluation of shoulder joint laxity is an important component of the shoulder examination, especially in the setting of shoulder instability. Measures of generalized joint laxity, particularly the Beighton score, are often recorded and used to help make management decisions in these cases. However, no evidence is available to show that the Beighton score corresponds to specific measures of shoulder joint laxity.

Purpose:

To assess the correlation between the Beighton score and validated measures of shoulder joint laxity.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 160 participants (age range, 16-35 years) with no history of shoulder joint abnormality were examined. The Beighton score, glenohumeral external rotation (standing and lying), glenohumeral abduction, and the sulcus sign were recorded. The relationship between the Beighton score and each measure of shoulder joint laxity was assessed.

Results:

A high proportion of participants (34%) had a Beighton score of 4 or higher. Rates of positive shoulder laxity tests were lower (11%-19%). A positive Beighton score was a poor predictor of abnormal shoulder laxity, with low sensitivity (range, 0.40-0.48) and low positive predictive values (range, 0.13-0.31). Spearman correlation coefficients demonstrated poor correlation between the Beighton score and all measures of shoulder joint laxity when assessed as continuous variables (range, 0.29-0.45).

Conclusion:

The Beighton score has poor correlation with specific measures of shoulder joint laxity and should not be considered equivalent to these tests as a method of clinical assessment.
Racing to Serve or Race-ing for Money? Hispanic-serving Institutions and the Colorblind Allocation of Racialized Federal Funding
Authors: Vargas Nicholas , Villa-Palomino Julio
Published: May 2018

It is often presumed that minority-serving institutions (MSIs)—colleges and universities with the mission or capacity to serve underrepresented students—operate with a mission to alleviate broad inequalities by race. Yet the degree to which this remains true for Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs), the fastest growing subset of MSIs, is contested and unexplored systematically. In this study the authors briefly detail the founding of HSI as a racialized status and consider how colleges and universities designated as HSIs today are serving Latinx students with racialized federal funding. The historical process and criteria by which HSI was established as a racialized designation, the authors argue, continues to shape their racial logics. Through a content analysis of the population of successful Title V “Developing Hispanic-serving Institution” grant abstracts to the U.S. Department of Education (2009–2016), the authors find great consistency in how HSIs conceptualize their Latinx student populations but substantial variation in how they seek to “serve” Latinx students. In the large majority of cases (85 percent), Latinx students are not centered in HSIs’ Title V programmatic efforts, which are instead organized to serve their entire student bodies. Because HSI status was conferred primarily by Latinx student enrollments, and not a mission to serve Latinx students, dominant colorblind White logics frequently persist at HSIs. Consequently, Latinx educational inequalities are rarely explicitly addressed. In their quests to secure funding as minority serving institutions, we find that HSIs often fail to center the Latinx students who permit their very eligibility.
What's the point of the BJPsych Bulletin?
Authors: Poole Norman
Published: May 2018

The incoming editor Dr Norman Poole sets out a vision for his tenure at the helm of the BJPsych Bulletin. There will be redoubled focus on training and educational articles and an engagement with the cultural and social ramifications of this most vital of specialisms.

Declaration of interest

Dr Poole is editor of the BJPsych Bulletin.
Patient-Reported Symptoms and Impact of Treatment With Osimertinib Versus Chemotherapy in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The AURA3 Trial
Authors: Lee Chee Khoon , Novello Silvia , Rydén Anna , Mann Helen , Mok Tony
Published: May 2018

Purpose

Capturing patient-reported outcome data is important for evaluating the overall clinical benefits of new cancer therapeutics. We assessed self-reported symptoms of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer in patients treated with osimertinib or chemotherapy in the AURA3 phase III trial.

Patients and Methods

Patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 13-item Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-LC13) questionnaire on disease-specific symptoms and the EORTC 30-item Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLC-C30) on general cancer symptoms, functioning, global health status/quality of life. We assessed differences between treatments in time to deterioration of individual symptoms and odds of improvement (a deterioration or improvement was defined as a change in score from baseline of ≥ 10). Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a log-rank test stratified by ethnicity; odds ratios (ORs) were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for ethnicity.

Results

At baseline, the questionnaires were completed by 82% to 88% of patients, and 30% to 70% had individual key symptoms. Time to deterioration was longer with osimertinib than with chemotherapy for cough (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.53 to 1.05), chest pain (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.73), and dyspnea (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.58). The proportion of symptomatic patients with improvement in global health status/quality of life was higher with osimertinib (80 [37%] of 215) than with chemotherapy (23 [22%] of 105; OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.24 to 3.67; P = .007). Proportions were also higher for appetite loss (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.31 to 4.84) and fatigue (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.20 to 3.22).

Conclusion

Time to deterioration of key symptoms was longer with osimertinib than with chemotherapy, and a higher proportion of patients had improvement in global health status/quality of life, demonstrating improved patient outcomes with osimertinib.
Laser Control of The Average Volume and Superficial Diameter of Particles for The Assessment of The Aerosol Air Pollution Parameters
Authors: Веденин Е. , Vedenin E. , Дьяченко В. , Dyachenko Vladimir , Чартий П. , Chartiy Pavel , Шеманин В. , Shemanin Valeriy
Published: May 2018

Aerosol air pollution is one of the most dynamic factors of the environmenal technogenic transformation. The danger degree of the aerosol particles increases in air with their sizes reduction therefore the dust disperse composition has the great hygienic value and in the working zone air and the dust disperse composition at the enterprise border — on health of the population of these territories are the important characteristic for its It has led to the introduction of new ecological standards for mass concentration of the particles with a diameter less than 10 μ (PM10) and particles with a diameter less than 2,5 μ (PM2,5). impact assessment on health of the enterprise employees and the population of near territories. The laser methods using for the assessment of parameters of aerosol emissions and extent of their impact on the environment have been introduced in this article. The modified spectral transparency method is the best of all and suitable for determination of the average size and concentration of disperse particles. The physical model of this method is based on interaction of monochromatic laser radiation with the polydisperse aerosol by Mie’s theories and maintaining invariancy of the average factor of the extinction efficiency concerning the type of the of particles size distribution function with using of the concept of particles average volume and superficial diameter. The optical density measurement of the disperse aerosol is performed at the same time, on several wavelengths, and the average factors of the extinction efficiency for these laser radiation wavelengths can be derived from the experimental data. This method has rather simple hardware realization and allow to diagnose flows of high optical density (that is characteristic of technogenic aero disperse flows).
Carbon Dioxide Trapping by Alkaline Solutions in Tube Absorber
Authors: Терпугов Даниил , Terpugov Daniil , Акинин Н. , Akinin N. , Монахов А. , Monahov A.
Published: May 2018

Commercially gas emission purification at thermoelectric power stations, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, and cement and chemical plants is performed by multistage system with filters and cyclones, which trap solid particles, as well as by using different absorptive and adsorptive methods. A possibility of use a tubular absorption column for carbon dioxide trapping is considered in this work.
Enhancement of Fire-Extinguishing Agents’ Efficiency, and a New Fire- Extinguishing Substance
Authors: Жуйков Д. , Zhuykov D. , Старков Н. , Starkov N. , Руфанов К. , Rufanov K.
Published: May 2018

A short review of problems related to fire extinguishing with the use of modern approaches by applying water and special agents has been presented. A use of stabilized water and disperse compositions as fire-extinguishing substances has been considered. A comparative analysis of different manufacturers’ modern products used for fire-extinguishing has been carried out. A new fireextinguishing agent «Firelock»® that is a combination of disperse component and stabilizer providing its favorable differences from the famous fire-extinguishing agents has been described. The problems connected with adaptation of use the new fireextinguishing agent in real practice of fire-extinguishing, and tasks for further researches have been defined.
Assessment of Resource and Energy Conservation Level for Technologies related to Emissions and Emptying Treatment, and Waste Handling
Authors: Григорьев Л. , Grigor'ev L. , Шанова О. , Shanova O. , Оревинина А. , Orevinina A.
Published: May 2018

Have been considered methods for production enterprise’s resource and energy conservation level assessment, as well as the production enterprise’s negative impact on the environment. Assessment methods’ disadvantages have been revealed, ways for theirs enhancement have been proposed. A possibility for use of material balance equations for efficiency assessment of systems for pollutions emissions and emptying reducing, and waste handling with regard to utilization level of raw materials, substances and energy. A possibility for practical application of the proposed method for assessment of environmental technologies has been shown with specific calculation reference.
Online Piracy and the “Longer Arm” of Enforcement
Authors: Dey Debabrata , Kim Antino , Lahiri Atanu
Published: May 2018

Controlling digital piracy has remained a top priority for manufacturers of information goods, as well as for many governments around the world. Among the many forms taken by digital piracy, we focus on an increasingly common one—namely, online piracy—that is facilitated by torrent sites and cyberlockers who bring together consumers of pirated content and its suppliers. Motivated by recent empirical literature that makes a clear distinction between antipiracy efforts that restrict supply of pirated goods (supply-side enforcement) and ones that penalize illegal consumption (demand-side enforcement), we develop a simple economic model and discover some fundamental differences between these two types in terms of their impacts on innovation and welfare. All in all, supply-side enforcement turns out to be the “longer arm”—it has a more desirable economic impact in the long run. Our results have clear implications for manufacturers, consumers, and policy makers.

The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2984 .

This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Easing the demand for healthcare
Authors: Patni Rohit
Published: May 2018

Under new government plans, more patients with complex health needs are to have access to personal health budgets to pay for their own care. Rohit Patni asks whether the scheme is a cost-effective solution to address the needs of the ageing population
Regulation of qualifications
Authors: Brownlie Tom
Published: May 2018

The qualifications ‘industry’ is a huge and confusing field that is subject to constant government tampering, says Tom Brownlie
Tick-borne encephalitis: A public health concern
Authors: Briscoe Kate
Published: May 2018

Tick-borne encephalitis is an emerging disease of public health concern across Europe and Asia. Kate Briscoe explains the risks and why advice on prevention is vital for travellers in general practice
Who is in charge if a GP practice is a company?
Authors: Cumberlege Justin
Published: May 2018

In the last issue, Justin Cumberlege explained why forming a company could be a good idea for growing GP practices. This article looks at the role of the director
The perils of payroll
Authors: Dempsey Mark
Published: May 2018

Some GP practices undertaking their own payroll – and even those using external payroll suppliers – may be doing it wrong, says Mark Dempsey
How to unlock the learning potential of metacognition
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: May 2018

Teachers offered practical advice for using metacognition, which the evidence suggests can boost pupils' progress by seven months
Talking to troubled students
Authors: Knightsmith Pooky
Published: May 2018

It can be daunting when a troubled student chooses to disclose to you. Dr Pooky Knightsmith advises how to talk so that young people who need your help will listen
Preparing students for GCSEs
Authors: O'Farrell Suzanne
Published: May 2018

With exams season upon us, Suzanne O'Farrell offers her advice on supporting your students in the build-up to their GCSEs
Adaptive POD-DEIM model reduction based on an improved error estimator
Authors: Chellappa Sridhar , Feng Lihong , Benner Peter
Published: May 2018

For reliable, efficient, rapid simulations of dynamical systems, a reduced order model (ROM) with certified accuracy is highly desirable. The ROM is derived from a full order model (FOM) through model reduction. In this work, we propose an adaptive approach for nonlinear model reduction by making use of a suitable output error estimator, thus enable the generation of a compact ROM, with appropriate balance between the state and nonlinear approximations.
Reduced order methods for nonlinear parametric problems with branching solutions
Authors: Pichi Federico , Hess Martin Wilfried , Quaini Annalisa , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: May 2018

The aim of this work is to show the applicability of the reduced basis model reduction in nonlinear systems undergoing bifurcations. Bifurcation analysis, i.e., following the different bifurcating branches, as well as determining the bifurcation point itself, is a complex computational task. Reduced Order Models (ROM) can potentially reduce the computational burden by several orders of magnitude, in particular in conjunction with sampling techniques. In the first task we focus on nonlinear structural mechanics, and we deal with an application of ROM to Von Kármán plate equations, where the buckling effect arises, adopting reduced basis method. Moreover, in the search of the bifurcation points, it is crucial to supplement the full problem with a reduced generalized parametric eigenvalue problem, properly paired with state equations and also a reduced order error analysis. These studies are carried out in view of vibroacoustic applications (in collaboration with A.T. Patera at MIT).

As second task we consider the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, discretized with the spectral element method, in a channel and a cavity. Both system undergo bifurcations with increasing Reynolds - and Grashof - number, respectively.

Applications of this model are contraction-expansion channels, found in many biological systems, such as the human heart, for instance, or crystal growth in cavities, used in semiconductor production processes. This last task is in collaboration with A. Alla and M. Gunzburger (Florida State University).
Certified POD-Based Multiobjective Optimal Control of Time-Variant Heat Phenomena
Authors: Banholzer Stefan , Makarov Eugen , Volkwein Stefan
Published: May 2018

Many optimization problems in applications can be formulated using several objective functions, which are conflicting with each other. This leads to the notion of multiobjective or multicriterial optimization problems. Here, we investigate the application of the Euclidean reference point method in combination with model-order reduction to multiobjective optimal control problems. Since the reference point method transforms the multiobjective optimal control problem into a series of scalar optimization problems, the method of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is introduced as an approach for model-order reduction.
Efficient Therapy Planning via Model Reduction for Laser-Induced Interstitial Thermotherapy
Authors: Tolle Kevin , Marheineke Nicole
Published: May 2018

We investigate the planning of minimally invasive tumor treatments via laser-induced thermotherapy. The goal is to control the laser in order to obtain an optimal treatment, e.g. eradicating the tumor, while leaving as much healthy tissue unharmed as possible. To this end, we define a PDE-constrained optimal control problem. As these problems are usually computationally expensive, we propose a simplified modeling approach using reduced-order models. Numerical results illustrate the viability of our approach.
The effort of increasing Reynolds number in POD-Galerkin Reduced Order Methods: from laminar to turbulent flows
Authors: Ali Shafqat , Hijazi Saddam , Georgaka Sokratia , Ballarin Francesco , Stabile Giovanni , Mola Andrea , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: May 2018

We present different strategies to be able to increase Reynolds number in Reduced Order Methods (ROMs), from laminar to turbulent flows, in the context of the incompressible parametrised Navier-Stokes equations. The proposed methodologies are based on different full order discretisation techniques: the finite element method and the finite volume method. For what concerns finite element full order discretisations which in this work aim to be used from low to moderate Reynolds numbers the
A Model of Flexible Learning: Exploring Interdependent Relationships Between Students, Lecturers, Resources and Contexts in Virtual Spaces
Authors: Bostock John Raymond
Published: May 2018

In flexible and open models of education students and lecturers experience a virtual sense of separation that is caused by more than physical distance between students and lecturers. Transactional distance is “a psychological and communications gap, a space of potential misunderstanding between the inputs of lecturer and those of the student” created in part by the physical distance inherent to online learning (Moore 1991, p. 2). a large transactional distance such as that between geographically dispersed students and lecturers in an asynchronous, text-based, online learning environment may contribute to students’ feelings of isolation and disconnectedness, which can lead to reduced levels of motivation and engagement and consequently attrition.

When designing e-learning experiences lecturers must consider two variables that affect transactional distance: structure and dialogue. Structure refers to the flexibility or rigidity of the pedagogical methods and strategies used in an e-learning experience. Dialogue refers to the interaction between the lecturer and student during an e-learning experience. Moore does not suggest that either structure or dialogue are inherently good things. Each may be appropriate in different circumstances and a typical educational event such as a conventional lecture will, at a micro-level, move constantly between the two. Another dimension of the theory suggests that more autonomous students, being self-directed, are better able to cope with more structure while less autonomous students benefit more from greater dialogue.

This paper explores a proposed model of flexible learning which attempts to inform practitioners of the fluid, interdependent relationships between students, resources, contexts and lecturers. This helps explain and justify a reconceptualisation of the role of the lecturer and suggests how social activity is also pivotal in successful learning outcomes for students.
PeerWise as a Vehicle for Uncertainty-resolution to Enhance Student Learning
Authors: Sykes Amanda , Hamer John , Purchase Helen
Published: May 2018

Previous studies of contributing student pedagogies (CSPs) have shown gains for students through increased summative grade and demonstration of deeper levels of learning. Resolution activities have been postulated by Draper (2009) as another way of enhancing students’ learning. In this paper, we show examples of learning occurring through resolution activities for students in higher education using PeerWise, a CSP tool, and we describe this as uncertainty-resolution that enhances learning. We then suggest a model through which this, and all learning in PeerWise, might take place. Finally, we anticipate that evidence of uncertainty-resolution will be seen in other PeerWise repositories; if this is so, we suggest that other educators using PeerWise should encourage and enhance their students’ learning by facilitating uncertainty-enhanced learning within PeerWise, and more broadly in other CSP activities.
Undergraduates as Researchers – the Impact of Active Participation in Research and Conference Presentation on Psychology Undergraduate Identity and Career Aspirations
Authors: Davidson Janis McIntyre , Lyons Minna
Published: May 2018

Although research-led teaching has been identified as an important part of psychology curricula in the United Kingdom, less is known about the impact of undergraduate research collaborations with academics, culminating in a conference presentation. The present study was a qualitative investigation into the experience of student-staff collaboration from a student perspective. We conducted semi-structured interviews with five psychology students who worked together with staff conducting research during their undergraduate degrees, disseminating the findings at an academic conference. The interviews were analysed using a thematic approach. We identified three themes, which were around the relationship with their tutor, career aspirations, and identity as a researcher/psychologist. Overall, the interviews indicated that undertaking research and attending academic conferences has a positive impact on future career aspirations, and helps students to feel that they are part of an academic community. Academic staff teaching in research-led psychology programmes should consider giving students opportunities to immerse themselves fully in the research process, ideally leading to a conference presentation for academic audiences.
Bacteriemia por Campylobacter fetus: a propósito de dos casos.
Authors: Bernasconi Carla Beatriz
Published: May 2018

Las bacterias del género Campylobacter son bacilos gram-negativos, helicoidales y finos. Son de crecimiento lento. Las especies comúnmente encontradas como patógenos humanos son: Campylobacter jejuni y Campylobacter fetus subespecie fetus. C. jejuni, se asocia a brotes de enfermedades transmitidas por agua y/o alimentos en pacientes en general sanos. En cambio, C. fetus se caracteriza por manifestaciones sistémicas, en especial en huéspedes inmunocomprometidos. Se presentan dos casos de bacteriemia por Campylobacter fetus en pacientes con diagnóstico previo de enfermedad renal, en tratamiento prolongado con prednisona. Ambos pacientes concurren a establecimientos de salud por malestar general. Se toman muestras de hemocultivos, en las cuales desarrollan a las 72 horas colonias puntiformes grises, que a la coloración de Gram resultan bacilos negativos finos en forma de coma y alas de gaviota. Ambos aislamientos se derivaron para su identificación por el método de espectrometría de masas (MALDI-TOF); y fueron caracterizados como Campylobacter fetus. Luego del tratamiento instaurado, la evolución fue favorable en ambos pacientes.Finalmente, deberíamos considerar a C. fetus como un patógeno a  tener en cuenta en los síndromes febriles de pacientes inmunocomprometidos, aunque éstos no presenten manifestaciones digestivas.
Bacteriemia por Campylobacter coli en Tierra del Fuego
Authors: LONGONI SILVIA
Published: May 2018

Resumen El género Campylobacter, comprende un grupo de bacterias formado por bacilos gram negativos, microaerófilos, de morfología espirilar, hallados en el tubo digestivo de animales, en particular aves. Pueden producir eventualmente  infecciones extraintestinales. El objetivo de este trabajo es comunicar un caso de bacteriemia por Campylobacter coli en una paciente inmnosuprimida, de 57 años con linfoma no Hodgkin, quien presentaba infección de sitio quirúrgico por una biopsia de ganglio inguinal. Se tomaron muestras por punción de la zona infectada para cultivo y dos hemocultivos, obteniéndose resultados positivos a las 48h de incubación de las muestras de sangre, pero sin desarrollo en el material de punción de la herida. En la coloración de Gram se observaron bacilos gram negativos espiralados. Los microorganismos fueron  identificados como  Campylobacter coli  por tecnología MALDI-TOF BD®, directamente desde el medio de cultivo líquido, también por cultivo en medio sólido e identificación bioquímica.  El hallazgo desconcertó a los profesionales tratantes, ya que no era lo esperado. El aislamiento de Campylobacter coli  pudo vincularse con un episodio de diarrea que la paciente no refirió anteriormente.  Se pudo demostrar que dicho microorganismo desarrolla sin inconvenientes en las botellas de hemocultivos automatizados.Palabras clave: Campylobacter coli, hemocultivos, espiralados,               MALDI-TOF BD®
CONSUMO DE LA SEMILLA DE CHIA (SALVIA HISPANICA L): POSIBLES MECANISMOS DE ACCION SOBRE EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LA DISLIPIDEMIA, RESISTENCIA INSULINICA Y ADIPOSIDAD VISCERAL EN MODELOS EXPERIMENTALES Y SU EXTENSION AL HUMANO. ESTUDIO DE REVISION.
Authors: Chicco Adriana
Published: May 2018

Diferentes estudios sugieren que los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga de la familia n-3 (n-3 LCPUFAs)  cumplen un rol  importante en el mantenimiento de la salud.   Diferentes semillas y aceites vegetales son ricos en el ácido graso  esencial a-linolénico (ALA, 18:3 n-3) precursor natural de los ácidos grasos n-3 de cadena más larga como el ácido eicosapentaenoico  (EPA, 20:5 n-3) y  docosahexaenoico (DHA, 22:6 n-3), entre otros.  El ALA ha cobrado gran importancia dado que numerosos trabajos epidemiológicos en humanos y en animales de experimentación  sugieren que un elevado consumo de ALA ejerce efectos beneficiosos en la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular, mejorando la dislipidemia, la sensibilidad insulínica y la tolerancia a la glucosa,modificando la respuesta a la acción insulínica en los tejidos claves. La Salvia hispánica L (chía) es uno de las fuentes vegetales más importante de ALA  que contiene además un buen aporte de fibra dietaria, proteína con alta actividad biológica y abundantes compuestos con capacidad antioxidante. En esta revisión examinaremos los hallazgos más importantes y recientes del efecto de la semilla de chía dietaria sobre la prevención y/o mejoramiento de la dislipidemia, lipotoxicidad, insulino resistencia, alterada homeostasis de la glucosa y adiposidad visceral en modelos experimentales, con extensión a  estudios recientes en humanos. Particularmente analizaremos los mecanismos metabólicos y moleculares involucrados en dichas acciones.
Accessible Web Maps for Visually Impaired Users: Recommendations and Example Solutions
Authors: Hennig Sabine , Zobl Fritz , Wasserburger Wolfgang W.
Published: May 2018

Due to advances in information and communication technology, web maps are an increasingly important means of communication. While paper maps provide solutions that are accessible to the visually impaired, the use of web maps is still difficult for these users. This is true even though technology opens up new possibilities for developing accessible web maps. But, what must be considered when creating web maps suitable for the visually impaired? This paper presents recommendations, including example solutions based on the results obtained in two projects: AccessibleMap and senTour. In both projects mixed methods were used: literature and internet review, questionnaires, and analysis of similar systems. All work was done in close cooperation with organizations that represent the interests of the target group. The findings underline that web maps accessible to visually impaired users must support different interaction modes and assistive technology. A carefully designed user interface, an easy-to-read map picture, and the provision of a verbal description of the map content are important. Further, additional aspects should be considered to enable these users to fully benefit from web maps. This refers to the need to widen the concept of accessibility, encompassing among others usability, the importance of building up these users’ digital and spatial competencies, and to leverage the advantages that result from the application of the participatory design approach.
First record of the family Penthaleidae (Acari) in Hungary: Morphological and Molecular approaches of the Hungarian Penthaleus cf. major (Dugès, 1837)
Authors: Kontschán J. , Albert R. , Almási K. , Kerezsi V. , Tóbiás I.
Published: May 2018

The first Hungarian record of the family Penthaleidae, the occurrence of blue oat mite [Penthaleus cf. major (Dugès, 1837)] in Hungary is presented. This pest mite species was collected on lettuce in greenhouse. Notes to the morphology and the three (cox 1, 18sRNA, ITS2) sequences of the Hungarian specimens are given.
Evaluation of two storage methods for fungal isolates of Fusarium sp. and Cochliobolus sativus
Authors: Sakr N.
Published: May 2018

Comparison of two storage techniques (Castellani’s method and freezing) was carried out for 16 isolates of four Fusarium head blight species and 54 isolates of Cochliobolus sativus causing spot blotch and common root rot. The viability, purity and morphological stability of cultures were verified for a one year period. Duplicate isolates were stored as a fungal suspension in sterile distilled water at 4 °C, and fungal cultures by freezing at –16 °C. The viability of 70 isolates was 100% for the two storage methods. Morphological alternations and pathogenic contaminations were not detected. All isolates were able to retain viability, purity and morphological stability by the two tested storage methods for over 12 months. Castellani’s method and freezing were found to be safe, easy, inexpensive and reliable.