bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ERASMUS Teaching Staff Mobility: The Perspectives and Experiences of Turkish ELT Academics
Authors: Mede Enisa , Tuzun Filiz
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perspectives and experiences of the Turkish ELT academics about joining ERASMUS Teaching Staff Mobility Program. Under the light of former studies and literature, this study attempts to investigate the preferences of the ELT academics for participating in the ERASMUS Teaching Staff Mobility, to examine the contribution of the enrollment in this program to their professional development and home institution, and finally, to learn about the problems they faced during the mobility period(s). Purposive sample method was used to select seventeen Turkish ELT academics to participate in this study. The data were obtained through a triangulated approach, in which questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and reflective essays were administered to the participants. The findings revealed that apart from some problems experienced before and during the program, the Turkish ELT academics preferred to participate in the ERASMUS Teaching Staff Mobility due to its positive impact on their professional development and their home institution.
Exploring the Lived Experience of People with Dementia Through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Johnson Helen
Published: March 2021

Dementia is arguably one of the biggest challenges facing society today, impacting millions of people worldwide. Nonetheless, there is only a relatively small body of research exploring what it is like to live with dementia from the perspectives of people who have this condition. This is partly because of the (implicit or explicit) belief that people with dementia lack insight into their condition and cannot talk about their experiences clearly. In this article, I argue that such beliefs are typically both erroneous and unhelpful, and that there is great value in seeking to illuminate the lived experiences of people with dementia. I present an interpretative phenomenological analysis of data from semi-structured interviews with six participants who had moderate dementia. I elicit five themes from this analytic process, and discuss the three most prominent here: awareness and understanding of dementia, clarity and confusion, and social support and relationships. I mobilise these themes to narrate the lived experiences of people with dementia, demonstrating their awareness both of the difficulties presented by dementia and of the negative perceptions of others.
Causes of Stress and Burnout among Working Mothers in Pakistan
Authors: Gardazi Syeda Faiza , Mobeen Noor , Ali Gardazi Syed Ahsan
Published: March 2021

Review of literature revealed that there is lack of empirical studies on the job burnout particularly among working mothers in Pakistan. The present study therefore examined the main causes and reasons of job burnout among working mothers in Pakistan. In this study, the lived experiences of working mothers in twin cities Islamabad and Rawalpindi towards stress and burnout were examined. This qualitative study interviewed 12 Pakistani working mothers. By using phenomenological method several themes and sub themes emerged which provided a description of the experience. Four themes work health factor, work overload, work environment, work family conflict and six sub themes emerged from the data. This work explores the reasons of the burnout among working mothers and provides recommendations for further examination. Interview results show that participants are going through the same level of stress at the certain stage.
ACTUALIZATION OF SPECIFIC ELECTRIC LOADS PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Soluyanov Yuri I. , Fedotov Alexander I. , Akhmetshin Azat R. , Soluyanov Vladimir I. , Khalturin Vladimir A.
Published: March 2021

To calculate the load of preschool educational and general education institutions, the specific values ​​of electrical loads are used, presented in SP 256.1325800.2016 “Electrical equipment of residential and public buildings. Rules of design and erection”. Research by the Roselectromontazh Association regarding the analysis of half-hour profiles of preschool and general education institutions showed a discrepancy between the declared capacity for technological connection and the actually measured one. The actual measured power turned out to be more than 2 times less than that calculated according to regulatory documents, which indicates the need to update the calculated specific electrical loads. This problem can be solved by using statistical methods to analyze the load profile of preschool educational and general education institutions, obtained from smart electricity meters. Due to the adopted Federal Law No. 522-FZ of December 27, 2018 “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Development of Electric Energy (Power) Metering Systems in the Russian Federation”, the main transition to smart meters should be completed by 2023. Based on research in the Republic of Tatarstan, carried out over three years, a draft resolution was developed on amending the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Tatarstan dated December 27, 2013 No. 1071 «On approval of republican standards for urban planning of the Republic of Tatarstan» in terms of calculating electrical loads for technological connection power receivers of preschool educational and general education institutions. The implementation of this decree will lead to a decrease in the cost of building an electric grid infrastructure, as well as to a decrease in electricity losses.
SYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH HIGHER SPEED ROTATION AND BALANCED ROTOR
Authors: Afanasyev Anatoly Yu. , Makarov Valeriy G. , Petrov Alexey A. , Kruglov Pavel F.
Published: March 2021

Increasing the speed of rotation of electric motors is an urgent task for turbine mechanisms – pumps, fans, compressors. Traditional synchronous motors have a rotation speed that is less than or equal to the frequency of the supply voltage. The article proposes a design and considers the principle of operation of a synchronous electric motor with double rotation speed. It has three reluctance rotors with one pole, for static and dynamic balancing, and the stator winding is supplied with voltages out of phase by π/6. The proposed design of a synchronous motor with eighteen phases of the stator winding and, with three rotors, the axes of which are offset relative to the axis of rotation of the output shaft. The use of such a design makes it possible to double the rotation speed of the output shaft in comparison with the frequency of the supply voltages. A description of the principle of operation of the motor and its mathematical description are given, taking into account the structural features of the stator-rotor magnetic circuit. The main advantage of the proposed engine in comparison with a high-speed engine is static and dynamic balancing.
Famari (Penghinaan Berujung Pada Tradisi Yang Mampu Menyebabkan Sanksi/Denda Adat, Tradisi Pada Masyarakat Misool Barat, Kepulauan Raja Ampat)
Authors: Yusuf Muhamad , Nawir Muhammad Syukri
Published: March 2021

One of the traditions that exist in the people of the West Misool islands is the Famari tradition. This tradition is usually carried out when someone from another village humiliates people from another village. This tradition is a tradition from generation to generation, but is only an oral story and has never been written into a written story. This study aims to determine the implementation model of the Famari tradition in communities in West Misool District, Raja Ampat Islands, and the methods used by indigenous peoples to maintain the Famari tradition in West Misool District, Raja Ampat Islands. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a social phenomenological paradigm. Sources of data for analyzing research problems were obtained from two sources, namely: primary data and secondary data. The results show that the origin of the Famari tradition was created by the ancestors of the West Misool community in creating order, in which there are universal values such as the principle of mutual cooperation, human social function and property in society, consent as a general power, the principle of representation and deliberation. What causes the emergence of the Famari tradition is that in restoring moral balance, it creates collective awareness from community groups to neutralize differences. The Famari tradition does not see the time when it must be carried out, the form of fines in the Famari tradition is determined based on an agreement, the number of people who follow the tradition has no clear limit. Customary fines payment techniques in the Famari tradition are carried out after the party. Without an official invitation, residents came and got involved, to take part in Famari activities. The Famari tradition was created to avoid degrading other social groups, where there are sanctions as punishment for those who are guilty and restore moral balance in society.
MODEL PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM MEWUJUDAN GOOD GOVERNANCE
Authors: Prastyo Agung Budi , Saputra Rodhi Agung , Dauri Dauri , Andreas Ricco
Published: March 2021

This research is a research that aims to identify and examine the application of authority related to environmental management in Way Kanan Regency and to find a model of good environmental supervision and management in the district by the Environment Agency in realizing good governance. The method used in this study is a normative-empirical research method using a statute approach and in-depth interviews. The findings of this study are that the implementation of the authority of the environmental services in the regions is not optimal so that environmental damage occurs and the model of environmental protection and management, waste and waste that uses the principles of good governance is optimal. It is hoped that future regulations related to the authority of the environmental services in the regions must have broad powers, covering aspects of planning, implementation, supervision and law enforcement. Its duties and functions must integrate the coordination and operational functions, and there is a clear arrangement of relations between institutions related to environmental management.
LA MOTIVACIÓN EN LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS DE SELECCIÓN Y ADJUDICACIÓN DE CONTRATOS Y CONCESIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS
Authors: NAVARRO GONZÁLEZ ROCÍO
Published: March 2021

La reciente Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre, del Procedimiento Administrativo Común de las Administraciones Públicas no ha provocado cambio sustancial alguno en relación a la exigencia de la motivación de los actos que resuelvan procedimientos selectivos y de concurrencia competitiva, la cual ha de darse conforme a lo dispuesto en las normas que regulan las convocatorias, acreditándose, a su vez, los fundamentos de la resolución que se adopte, ya sea con una motivación individual para cada interesado, ya sea con una remisión al expediente. Del análisis de las diferentes fases de los procedimientos de contratación administrativa, se observa que la motivación, aparte de equipararse a una verdadera garantía inexcusable, mantiene su presencia de forma permanente y transversal en tales procedimientos específicos en la que resaltan diferentes y significativas peculiaridades de la misma.

Duela gutxi urriaren 1eko 39/2015 Legea onetsi da, Administrazio Publikoen Administrazio Prozedura Erkidearena. Lege horrek ez du aldaketa nabarmenik ekarri hautaketa-prozesuak eta norgehiagokako prozedurak ebazten dituzten egintzak arrazoitzeko exijentziari dagokionez. Arrazoitzeko exijitu ahal da deialdiak arautzen dituzten arauetan xedatuta dagoenaren arabera, eta hala badagokio, hartzen den ebazpenaren funtsak egiaztatu behar dira, dela interesdun bakoitzari banaka arrazoiak emanez, dela espedientera jotzeko eskatuz. Administrazio-kontratazioko prozeduren faseak aztertuz, zera ikusten da: arrazoiak ematea, benetako berme saihestezinaren parekoa da, baina horrez gain, prozedura espezifikoetan etengabe eta zeharka agertzen jarraitzen du, berezitasun diferente eta esanguratsuak nabarmenduta.

The recent Act 39/2015 of October 1st on the Common Administrative Procedure of Public Administrations has not led to substantive changes regarding the requirement of motivating acts that resolve selective and competitive procedures, which has to be delivered according to the provisions that rule the calls, certifying at the same time the grounds on which the resolution is adopted either with an individual motivation for each interested part or with reference to the file. On the basis of the analysis of the different phases in public procurement procedures, it is observed that motivation apart from qualifying as a true and inexcusable guarantee keeps its permanent and transversal presence in those specific procedures that remark its different and significant peculiarities.
COMPETENCIAS DE LOS MUNICIPIOS VASCOS: TIPOLOGÍA Y RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO
Authors: VELASCO CABALLERO FRANCISCO
Published: March 2021

La Ley de Instituciones Locales de Euskadi (2016) incorpora varias
novedades importantes en relación con las competencias locales. Este sistema
habrá de ser completado con las leyes sectoriales del Parlamento vasco y con las
normas forales. De un lado, se enuncian con detalle las materias competenciales
municipales; en segundo lugar se introduce una distinción triple entre competencias
propias, transferidas y delegadas. Y, lo más importante, se establece un sistema
novedoso de garantía de la suficiencia financiera de las competencias municipales,
de manera que toda nueva atribución competencial debe llevar aparejada
una previsión «específica de financiación». Algunas de estas novedades (en especial
la previsión de suficiencia financiera de cada nueva competencia) deben ser
desarrolladas con cautela, para evitar que el fin municipalista al que sirven acaben
por limitar la autonomía local real.

Euskadiko Toki Erakundeei buruzko Legeak (2016) zenbait berrikuntza
garrantzitsu dakartza toki-eskumenei dagokienez. Sistema foru-arauekin eta
Eusko Legebiltzarreko sektoreko legeekin osatu behar da. Batetik, udal-eskumenen
arloak zehatz jaso dira; bigarrenik, eskumen propio, transferitu edo eskuordetuen
arteko bereizketa hirukoitza txertatu du. Eta, garrantzitsuena, udal-eskumenen
nahikoa finantzaketa bermatzeko sistema berritzailea ezarri da, gure eskumen eskuduntza
berri osoak «finantzaketa aurreikuspen zehatza» izan behar du, atxikita.
Berrikuntza horietako batzuk (bereziki eskumen berri bakoitzeko finantzaketa nahikoa
aurreikusteari dagokiona) kautelaz garatu behar dira, udal-helburuak ez dezan
mugatu tokiko autonomia erreala.

The Act on Local Institutions of Euskadi (2016) boasts several
important novelties in relation with local competences. This system eventually
shall be completed with specific legislation enacted by the Basque Parliament
and with foral laws. On the one hand, municipal competences areas are stated at
length; secondly, it introduces a threefold distinction between own, transferred
and delegated competences. And, more importantly, it establishes an innovative
system of guarantee for the financial sufficiency of the municipal competences
so that any new allocation of powers shall carry an up-front «specific provision
of financing». Some of these novelties (specially the provision for a financial
sufficiency attached to every new competence) have to be carefully implemented
in order to avoid that the municipal aim they serve does not restrict real local
autonomy.
FORMAS DE GESTIÓN DE LOS SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS LOCALES EN LA LEY NÚM. 2/2016, DE 7 DE ABRIL, DE INSTITUCIONES LOCALES DE EUSKADI
Authors: DEL GUAYO CASTIELLA IÑIGO
Published: March 2021

El trabajo analiza el Título VIII de la Ley número 2/2016 de 7 de
abril, de instituciones locales de Euskadi, que versa sobre los servicios públicos
locales. En primer lugar, se persigue determinar cuál es el grupo normativo regulador
de esta materia. En segundo lugar, se hace un esfuerzo por deslindar entre
los servicios públicos locales y la iniciativa económica local, dada la relevancia de
tal distinción, en particular el concepto de reserva. En tercer lugar se pasa revista
a las diversas formas de gestión, tanto directas e indirectas, en el derecho vigente
(aun cuando se apunta cómo esto variará cuando se apruebe la nueva legislación
de contratos del sector público). En último lugar, se explica cómo el derecho vasco
da una preferencia a la gestión por el propio municipio, así como establece una
referencia (cuando el servicio no es prestado por el municipio) a la gestión compartida
sobre la gestión integrada.

Azterlanak Euskadiko Toki Erakundeei buruzko apirilaren 7ko
2/2016 Legearen VIII. titulua aztertu du, zeina tokiko zerbitzu publikoei buruzkoa
baita. Lehenik eta behin, arlo horren talde arautzaile erregulatzailea zein den zehaztea
lortu nahi da. Bigarrenik, tokiko zerbitzu publikoak eta tokiko ekimen ekonomikoa
bereizi nahi dira, bereizketa horrek daukan garrantzia aintzat hartuta, bereziki
erreserbaren kontzeptuari erreparatuta. Hirugarrenik, kudeaketa motak berrikusi
dira, zuzenekoak zein zeharkakoak, indarrean dagoen zuzenbidean (nahiz eta aipatu
den hori aldatu egingo dela sektore publikoko kontratuen legedi berria onartzerakoan).
Azkenik, aipatu da udalerriak berak kudeatzeari lehentasuna ematen
diola EAEko zuzenbideak; bidenabar, zerbitzua udalak ematen ez duenean kudeaketa
partekatua lehenesten du, kudeaketa integratuaren gainetik.

This work analyzes Title VIII of Act 2/2016 of April 7th on Local
Entities of Euskadi which deals with local public services. Firstly, it is pursued to
establish which the regulating normative group in this area. Secondly, an effort
is made to identify local public services and local economic initiative due to the
relevance of that distinction, particularly the concept of reserve. Thirdly, the several
forms of management both direct and indirect within the current law (although it
is outlined how with approval of new legislation on public procurement this will
be changed) are reviewed. Lastly, it is explained how Basque law gives preference
to the management by the own municipality to the shared management over the
integrated management and how it establishes a reference when the service is not
provided by the municipality.
ORGANIZACIÓN Y FUNCIONAMIENTO MUNICIPAL Y PERSONAL DIRECTIVO PÚBLICO PROFESIONAL
Authors: ETXEBARRIA ETXEITA IGNACIO JAVIER
Published: March 2021

La Ley de Instituciones Locales de Euskadi regula la organización
y funcionamiento municipal y potencia la autonomía municipal al incrementar respecto
a la legislación estatal la capacidad de autoorganización de las entidades locales
posibilitando una actuación de los gobiernos locales más transparente y una
mejor conciliación de la vida laboral y familiar de las corporativas y corporativos.
La Ley busca asimismo potenciar los gobiernos locales y para ello incorpora
técnicas de delegación y de forma pionera regula la figura de los directivos públicos
profesionales si bien de momento limitada a los municipios con una población
superior a los 40.000 habitantes.

Euskadiko Toki Erakundeei buruzko Legeak udal-funtzionamendua
eta -antolaketa arautzen ditu, eta udal-autonomia indartzen du, estatuko legediarekin
erkatuta areagotu egin baitu tokiko entitateen autoantolakuntzarako
gaitasuna, bidea emanez tokiko gobernuek modu gardenagoan joka dezaten eta
hautetsiek lana eta familia hobeto uztar ditzaten.
Legeak, horrez gain, tokiko gobernuak indartzea lortu nahi du, eta, horretarako,
eskuordetze-teknikak jaso, eta modu aitzindarian arautu du zuzendari publiko profesionalen
figura; oraingoz, hala ere, 40.000 biztanletik gorako udalerrietarako mugatu
da.

The Act on Local Entities of Euskadi regulates the municipal
organization and functioning and enhances the municipal autonomy by increasing
as compared to the State legislation the self-government capacity of local entities
enabling a more transparent operation by local governments and a better labour
and family reconciliation of municipalities memberships. The Act also seeks to
promote local governments and to do this it includes techniques of delegation
and in a pioneer way it regulates the figure of public professional managers
though only limited to those municipalities with a population exceeding 40.000
inhabitants.
INSTRUMENTOS PARA LA PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA Y REQUISITOS PARA SU EFECTIVIDAD
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ MARTÍNEZ JOSÉ LUIS , FONT FÀBREGAS JOAN , GARCÍA ESPÍN ANTONIA PATRICIA
Published: March 2021

Los procesos participativos se ponen en marcha con objetivos de
distinta índole, por lo que no resulta sencillo abordar el análisis de su efectividad.
Estos procesos incorporan objetivos específicos como la producción de políticas
públicas (policies), o la promoción de cambios positivos en los contextos políticos
locales (polities). En este artículo, nos concentramos en esas dos dimensiones.
Nos planteamos en qué condiciones los procesos participativos generan nuevas
políticas públicas y en qué casos producen cambios significativos en los contextos
políticos locales. A través de un proyecto de investigación realizado entre 2012 y
2015, analizamos una diversidad de procesos participativos y reflexionamos sobre
sus límites y oportunidades a la hora de producir nuevas políticas o de crear nuevas
relaciones entre los actores públicos locales.

Parte hartzeko prozesuak hainbat helbururekin jartzen dira martxan,
eta, horrenbestez, horien eraginkortasuna aztertzea ez da erraza izaten. Prozesu
horiek helburu zehatzak izaten dituzte; esaterako, politika publikoak prestatzea
(policies), edo tokiko testuinguru politikoetan aldaketa positiboak sustatzea
(polities). Artikulu honetan bi dimentsio horiek ditugu hizpide: Parte hartzeko prozesuak
politika publiko berriak zein baldintzatan eragiten dituzten aztertu dugu,
eta aldaketa esanguratsuak zein kasutan eragin ditzaketen tokiko testuinguru politikoetan.
2012. eta 2015. urteen artean egindako ikerketa-proiektu baten bitartez,
parte hartzeko prozesu ugari aztertu ditugu, eta tokiko eragile publikoen arteko harreman
berriak sortu edo politika berriak ekoizteko orduan dituzten mugak eta aukerak
hausnarketarako gai izan ditugu.

Participative processes are implemented with different objectives
so it is not easy to address the analysis of their effectiveness. Theses processes
have specific objectives such as production of public policies or the promotion
of positive changes within local polities. In this article, we focus on those two
dimensions. We consider the conditions participative processes cause in local
policies and the cases where significant changes over local polities are produced.
By means of a research project developed between 2012 and 2015, we analyze the
diversity of participative processes and we reflect on their limits and opportunities
in order to produce new policies or create new relationships between local public
actors.
Teachers’ conceptions about information literacy skills of school children
Authors: Batool Syeda Hina , Mahmood Khalid
Published: March 2021

The paper presents results of a study conducted to measure perceptions of teachers about their 3rd grade students' information literacy (IL) skills. The IL standards given by the California School Library Association for 2nd graders were provided to 54 teachers from three private schools of Lahore city of Pakistan to get their opinion. Selected through purposive sampling methods, the respondents perceived their students to be good or adequate in various IL skills. The students were qualified in each of the eight standards of information literacy. The study concludes that information literacy activities can be practiced by schools by providing proper learning resources and infrastructure.
An Empirical Analysis of Correlation Between Technostress and Job Satisfaction: A Case of KPK, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Asad , Rehman Hamid , Rehman Shafiq -ur-
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research was to explore an association between technostress and job satisfaction of university librarians in Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. For that reason a self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the data from 148 librarians serving in 25 public and private sectors universities of KPK. The entire population (N=148) was selected as respondents because the population was accessible. For this study, 148 questionnaires were distributed and only 120 questionnaires were returned. However, after initial data screening, 116 questionnaires were ascertained as useable for further statistical analyses. Pearson correlation was calculated to investigate the correlation of technostress and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis was performed to test the three hypotheses between technostress dimensions and job satisfaction. Findings of this study show a negative but statistically significant relationship of three dimensions of technostress with job satisfaction. Based on multiple regression analysis-all the three hypotheses, (H1, H2, and H3) are supported. This study will be significant in controlling stress caused by technology and enhancing the level of job satisfaction among Pakistani university librarians. The study will equally contribute to the literature on relationship between technostress and job satisfaction. No identical previous studies were located on this topic in the context of Pakistani university librarianship.
Status of Digital Novice Academic Librarians’ Continuing Professional Development: A Case of University of the Punjab
Authors: Anwar Uzma , Warraich Nosheen Fatima
Published: March 2021

This paper aims at exploring the ways, through which the academic librarians engage themselves in continuing professional development (CPD) activities. It also identifies the sources that academic librarians feel helpful for their CPD. These librarians neither had any ICT training before nor educated during their Master in Library and Information Science (MLIS) for the use of the latest technology, and are considered as digital novice. Librarians are required to keep them up to date to survive in this competitive information marketplace. They need to get familiarized with the latest technology and its applications for the libraries to minimize the gap between the information and its users. CPD allows receding from the traditional approach and muddling through the new digital arena. To get the vivid picture in the current scenario qualitative approach was used. Interviews were used as data collection technique. The population of this study was these digital immigrants librarian who got their MLIS degree before year 2001 and never had any formal ICT training before joining the profession and working in the University of the Punjab. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to choose the sample of 12 respondents. The subsequent analysis will help librarian judge the present status of their CPD activities and to determine the ways to improve self-directed or organizational learning. It will be of assistance to the library schools, library management, library association and the policy makers to improve the existing training programs or to design the new programs to fulfill the requirements.
A TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NOS ESCRITÓRIOS DE ADVOCACIA
Authors: Junior da Silva Maia Antonio
Published: March 2021

A Tecnologia da Informação, atualmente, tem presença direta em vários tipos e ramos profissionais, e, no Direito, isso não tem sido diferente. Na organização e em modelos de atividade e de negócio, a informatização torna-se um aliado na execução de várias rotinas nesse meio. Dessa maneira, tem-se criado novos conceitos e adaptações de todo o cenário jurídico com base nas tecnologias direcionadas à advocacia que vêm se expandindo cada vez mais e tornando-se fundamental no desenvolvimento e na evolução destes negócios. Desde as repartições judiciárias até os escritórios, a inovação tecnológica já é visível e constitui vários recursos que auxiliam a criatividade e a eficiência profissional, o que gera um diferencial no mercado jurídico tanto na qualidade e agilidade dos serviços quanto na fidelização destes clientes. São inúmeros os desafios neste processo, e, portanto, entende-se que deve haver uma integração da tecnologia aos negócios jurídicos. Ademais, é fato que todo o conhecimento de conteúdos relacionados às áreas jurídicas, tais como leis, normas e diretrizes, é essencial, e esses conteúdos se relacionam aos conceitos de gestão, de comportamentos humanos e pessoais e de tecnologia, que servem de contribuição para se obter um diferencial jurídico.
VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA RECICLAGEM DOS RESÍDUOS DOMÉSTICOS DA CIDADE DE COIMBRA – UTILIZANDO O APLICATIVO VERDES-PT
Authors: Magera Conceição Marcio , Telesi Pacheco Conceição Joelma , Rezende da Silva Alessandro , Fatima Alves Maria , Dourado Sales Marcelo , Lamano Ferreira Maurício
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho irá mostrar o funcionamento e aplicabilidade do software VERDES-PT, usando a cidade de Coimbra como exemplo. A geração de resíduos sólidos domésticos vem aumentando muito nas últimas décadas, os órgãos públicos responsáveis pela gestão destes resíduos, vem adotando a reciclagem como uma das formas de reutilizar o lixo urbano, não somente como matéria prima, mas também como gerador de emprego e renda à classes com menos formação educacional. A iniciativa privada, juntamente com governos locais, estão juntos em projetos de implantação de usinas de reciclagem. A cidade de Coimbra tem um potencial anual de € 31.017.431,00 milhões de euros, quando se aplica a logística reversa, utilizando o VERDES –PT, estes valores poderiam voltar aos cofres públicos, se fosse adotado a coleta seletiva para 100% da sua geração de lixo urbano e ele fosse reciclado. Mas, como será visto neste artigo a cidade perde 14 milhões de euros por ano, por não adotar uma política de gestão de resíduos que aproveite o total da sua geração, mas mesmo assim, ainda gera 2.362 empregos de um salário mínimo por ano com a reciclagem dos resíduos urbanos já implantada na cidade.
GESTÃO DA CONTABILIDADE GERENCIAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA EMPRESA COMERCIAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE ANANINDEUA NO PARÁ
Authors: Fernandes Assumpção Douglas Junio , De Souza Pianchão Marcela Maria , Santos Pinheiro Mário Jorge , Castro Paes Barreto Ellen Claudine , Melo de Oliveira Ediemerson
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo apresenta como objeto de pesquisa as informações utilizadas pela contabilidade gerencial que contribuem como procedimentos de gestão para uma empresa comercial, no qual foi realizada uma análise bibliográfica sob a ótica contábil. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral deste artigo é identificar quais são as informações aplicadas por uma contabilidade controlada, que possam contribuir no processo de gestão orientada em  uma empresa, com o propósito de responder aos seguintes objetivos específicos: analisar como são tomadas as decisões para o gerenciamento empresarial; examinar quais as ferramentas possíveis a serem utilizadas e, desenvolver referências dos benefícios obtidos  ao longo de uma contabilidade gerencial. A pesquisa qualifica-se como explicativa e descritiva. Os dados foram obtidos através de pesquisas bibliográficas, com abordagens de análises quantitativas e qualitativas. Os resultados encontrados indicam que a gestão da empresa possibilitou uma relevante transformação no papel desempenhado pelos contadores nas tomadas de decisões.
FILOSOFIA E HISTÓRIA DA BIOLOGIA: O QUE É VIDA?
Authors: Nascimento-Dias Bruno
Published: March 2021

Durante muito tempo “O que é Vida?” não era uma questão considerada de cunho científico e os motivos para tal eram os mais diversificados. Em geral, cientistas acreditavam não existir necessidade de conceituar vida para o desenvolvimento de suas pesquisas empíricas, considerando o reconhecimento de qualidade ou aspectos qualitativos como algo não científico. Além disso, existe um outro motivo histórico, este bem mais contundente, que estaria relacionado à própria dificuldade de conseguir um conceito universal de vida. De modo geral, entende-se o processo de compreensão de um objeto, como a formulação de uma definição para o mesmo. Este processo de definição emerge de uma relação estrutural complexa entre o conjunto de palavras e sua relação com seus significados e significantes, que surgem a partir do momento em que são conhecidas as possibilidades de relações entre eles e a epistéme. Dentre as diversas concepções e tentativas de se conceituar Vida, é possível destacar a Reducionista com seu caráter, tanto quanto mecanicista e com uma abordagem denominada bottom-up, enquanto a Holística ou Sistêmica com uma visão top-down. Embora o termo Vida não possua uma definição expressa em uma frase de modo elegante, geral, coerente e abrangente, tal como a descrição da Relatividade de Einstein. No futuro com uma maior compreensão da Natureza e das próprias condições do Universo, talvez venha ser possível se ter uma perspectiva epistêmica mais condizente com o significado e os saberes sobre “O que é Vida?”.
NA ERA TECNOLÓGICA, EM VIAS DO ESQUECIMENTO: ESTUDO DA ATUAL SITUAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL DE ESTUDANTES DE ALGUMAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA, NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: BRANDÃO ELENILDA ALVES
Published: March 2021

Este escrito traz uma abordagem sobre a visão de alguns estudantes do ensino fundamental II e do ensino médio de escolas públicas do interior da Bahia, sobre  como pensam as suas atuais situações educacionais em meio à pandemia causada pela COVID-19, motivo o qual as aulas presencias foram totalmente suspensas. Sobre o prisma das (im)possibilidades do acesso às TICs pelos estudantes,  observamos  o  possível alargamento das suas autonomias educacionais, bem como impulsionamento   de suas posturas critica reflexivas e, a partir destas,  a busca pelo empreendimento de suas próprias aprendizagens escolares. Buscamos externar as dificuldades de aprendizado em tempos pandêmicos; as exclusões digitais, cujas discrepâncias tornaram-se mais evidentes mediante a crise ocasionada pelo coronavírus.  A partir de abordagem qualitativa e atividade de escuta dos sujeitos colaboradores em seus lugares e contextos, utilizando o instrumento entrevistas on line, buscamos dialogar com alguns autores como (Lemos, 2015); (Nicolaci–da-Costa, 2009); (Lévy 1999); (Silva, 2011); (Freire, 2006); (Amiél, 2018) e com os estudantes,  jovens e adolescentes colaboradores buscando traçar uma imagem da realidade tangente a partir da visão destes sujeitos.

Palavras -chave:  Escola pública.  Pandemia. Estudantes.  Exclusão digital. Autonomia.
KORKU VE BİYOTERÖRİZM EKSENİNDE COVİD-19’U ANLAMAK
Authors: TALAY Halim
Published: March 2021

Dünya tarihinde bazı önemli olaylar bıraktıkları izler bakımından oldukça ses getirir. 2020 yılı ve meydana gelen Covid-19 salgını da bu noktada oldukça dikkatimizi celbetmektedir. Çin’de başlayan ve aşama aşama dünyaya yayılarak birçok insanın ölümüne sebebiyet veren salgının, dünya üzerinde önemli noktalarda yıkıcı etkileri olduğu müşahede edilmektedir. İnsanlığın ilk başlarda korku, panik ve ölüm korkusu ile karşıladığı mevcut durumda yumuşamalar olsa da tehlike halen devam etmektedir. Salgını kontrol alma adına devlet yönetimlerinin atmış olduğu adımlar, ekonomik ve siyasi kararlar sonrasında yaşanan gerilim ve kaoslar, konu üzerinde çeşitli teoriler oluşturulmasına yol açmıştır. Virüsün Çin’deki Wuhan şehrinde bir hayvan pazarından ya da oraya yakın viral araştırma laboratuvarından çıkmış olma söylentileri akıllara ilk olarak biyolojik silah ya da biyoterör ihtimalini getirmiştir. Gözle görülmeyen bir tehdit olması nedeni ile insanlarda büyük bir korku ve endişe atmosferi oluşturan virüsü kontrol altına almak için çeşitli kısıtlamalar uygulanmaya konulmuştur. Alınan tedbirler ağırlıklı olarak kişinin diğer insanlarla mesafeli olması, topluluktan kaçınması, evinden çıkmaması ve hareketlerini azaltması; işine, eğitimine ve toplantılarına uzaktan iletişimle devam etmesi şeklinde olmuştur. Bunun sonucunda da insanlığın aklına komplo teorileri ile karışık yeni sorular gelmektedir. Mevcut durumun yeni bir dünya ve insan algısı oluşturmak için ortaya çıkarıldığı gibi.

Bu çalışma Covid-19 ekseninde yaşanan tartışmalara ışık tutma amacı taşımaktadır. Özellikle, konuya biyoterör ve korku cephesinden yaklaşılarak, felsefi bir perspektif sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Kavramların etimolojik kökeninden yola çıkarak bir anlama çabasında bulunmak da bu noktada mihenk taşlarından birini oluşturmaktadır.
Stock Market Prediction Using LSTM
Authors: Kalbandi Ishwarappa , Jare Ashutosh , Kale Om , Borole Himanshu , Navsare Swapnil
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to develop an innovative neural network approach to achieve better stock market predictions. Data were obtained from the live stock market for real-time and off-line analysis and results of visualizations and analytics to demonstrate Internet of Multimedia of Things for stock analysis. To study the influence of market characteristics on stock prices, traditional neural network algorithms may incorrectly predict the stock market, since the initial weight of the random selection problem can be easily prone to incorrect predictions. Based on the development of word vector in deep learning, we demonstrate the concept of “stock vector.” The input is no longer a single index or single stock index, but multi-stock high-dimensional historical data. We propose the deep long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) with embedded layer and the long short-term memory neural network with automatic encoder to predict the stock market. In these two models, we use the embedded layer and the automatic encoder, respectively, to vectorize the data, in a bid to forecast the stock via long short-term memory neural network. The experimental results show that the deep LSTM with embedded layer is better.
Determination of Kinetic Constants for Treating Tannery Wastewater Using Activated Sludge Process (ASP)
Authors: K. R Baviya. , G. L Sathyamoorthy.
Published: March 2021

A study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of Activated Sludge Process (ASP) for the treatment of tannery wastewater and to develop a simple design criterion under local conditions. A bench scale model comprising of an aeration tank and final clarifier was used for this purpose. The Lab scale reactor was operated continuously and settled tannery wastewater was used as influent to the aeration tank. Five days Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the influent and effluent were measured to find process efficiency at various mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and Hydraulic Detention Time (θ).The results of the study demonstrated that an efficiency of above 90% and 80% for BOD5 and COD, respectively could be obtained if the ASP is operated at an MLVSS concentration of 3500 mg/L keeping an aeration time of 12 hours.ASP is a feasible treatment technology for tannery wastewater treatment, by conducting experiments at the HRTs of 12,10,8,6 and 2 h, it was found that the maximum COD removal efficiency of 84.20% was recorded at 12 h HRT. In this study, the Mathematical Models such as Monod, Grau Second Order, Modified Stover-Kicannon and First Order Kinetic Models were applied for the performance evaluation of the Reactor at any given time and found that the data were in good agreement with the observed ones in the models, such as, Grau second order and Monod. Further, the correlation coefficient value (R2) obtained for the experimental and predicted effluent COD concentration using the above mentioned (Grau second order and Monod) models also confirmed the suitability applying the models to predict the performance of the reactor under lab scale-controlled environmental conditions.
Dos paisajes con figura
Authors: Tuñón Álvarez Emilio
Published: March 2021

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Indonesia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: March 2021

Indonesia has responded with a bold and comprehensive policy package to cushion the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The economy rebounded in the third quarter of 2020, and the economic recovery is projected to strengthen in 2021
and 2022. Strong policy support and an improving global economy will be the main drivers initially, and greater mobility and confidence will follow with the planned vaccination program in 2021. The uncertainty surrounding the growth outlook is larger than usual. Early completion of a widespread vaccination program is an upside risk, while a protracted pandemic remains a downside risk. The macro-financial fallout of the pandemic and economic downturn could be larger than expected, and credit conditions could be slow to improve. Ongoing reforms aimed at promoting investment are expected to help mitigate the scarring effects from the pandemic and put the economy on a sustained growth path that builds on Indonesia’s favorable demographics.
West African Economic and Monetary Union
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: March 2021

After almost a decade of strong growth, the WAEMU region is facing severe challenges from a triple crisis impacting the health, economic and security situations. Both fiscal and monetary policies were relaxed significantly in 2020 to contain the pandemic and support the economy. A gradual fiscal consolidation is expected to start in 2021 and bring back the aggregate fiscal deficit towards the 3 percent of GDP regional ceiling within three years. Growth is expected to recover swiftly in 2021–22 to pre-crisis levels, but the economic outlook is still uncertain.
Prognostic value of midkine, syndecan-1, hyaluronan
synthase-2, sestrin-1, laminin subunit alpha-4
and fibulin-3 for malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Akgun Hakan , Metintas Selma , Ak Guntulu , Demirkol Canlı Secil , Isbilen Murat , Gure Ali , Metintas Muzaffer
Published: March 2021

Introduction

The prognosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is poor, with a limited survival time. In this study, we aimed to examine expression levels of genes selected from relevant literature and to utilize in silico methods to determine genes whose expression could reflect the prognosis of patients with MPM by ex-vivo validation experiments.

Material and methods

The study group consisted of 54 MPM patients treated with chemotherapy. Expression of 6 genes – midkine (MDK), syndecan-1 (SDC1), hyaluronan synthase-2 (HAS2), sestrin-1 (SESN1), laminin subunit alpha-4 (LAMA4), and fibulin-3 (FBLN3) – was examined by qPCR in tumor tissues. Sestrin-1 and LAMA4 were identified using an in house R-based script: Unsupervised Survival Analysis Tool. Midkine, SDC1, HAS2, and FBLN3 were selected from current literature. We used two housekeeping genes, i.e. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and TATA-box binding protein, as controls.

Results

Of the patients, 43 (79.6%) had epithelioid mesothelioma. The median survival for all patients was 10 (±1.2 SE) months (95% CI: 7.7–12.3). In multivariate analyses, MDK (p = 0.007), HAS2 (p = 0.008) and SESN1 (p = 0.014) expression levels were related to survival time in the whole group. In epithelioid type MPM patients, MDK (p = 0.014), FBLN3 (p = 0.029), HAS2 (p = 0.014) and SESN1 (p = 0.045) expression was related to survival time in multivariate analyses.

Conclusions

High HAS2 and SESN1 expressions and low MDK are potential biomarkers of good prognosis in MPM. High HAS2 and SESN1 expression and low MDK and FBLN3 can also be utilized as biomarkers of good prognosis for epithelioid MPM. Those results should be further investigated in sera, plasma, and pleural effusions.
Microglia polarization in heat-induced early neural injury
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Jing , Zhu Baofeng , Shen Junhua , Ye Zi , Peng Qiang , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2021

Introduction

In the occurrence and development of heat stroke (HS), factors such as hyperthermia, ischemia and hypoxia are essential to the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory response, but the main mechanism underlying CNS inflammation remains unclear. The aim of the study was to observe the polarization of microglia in response to heat-induced early nerve injury and to explore its possible mechanism of action.

Material and methods

To establish a heatstroke animal model in Beagle dogs, 18 Beagle dogs were divided into control (group A) and experimental groups (group B, group C and group D) according to a random numbers table. The animals in the experimental groups were placed on an electric blanket of an animal body temperature maintaining apparatus. The temperature was set at 40 ±0.5°C, and the rectal temperature was monitored every 5 min until the target body temperature was reached. Once the target temperature was reached, the dogs were transferred to an environment of 26 ±0.5°C and 60 ±0.5% humidity. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of microglia-specific markers CD45, iNOS, arginase, and CD206 in normal and heat-damaged brain tissues at different time points (1 h, 6 h, 24 h). The expression of CD45 and arginase was further determined by co-localization with immunofluorescence.

Results

CD45 and iNOS protein expression was detected in group A. The two protein markers in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (p < 0.05), and the protein markers in group C were still higher than those in group A (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among the animals in group A (p > 0.05). Arginase and CD206 protein expression was also detected in group A. Levels of the two protein markers in group B were higher than those in group A (p < 0.05), and the protein marker levels in group C were even higher than those in group A (p < 0.05). Further analysis of the two groups of protein markers in group D showed significantly higher levels than those in group A (p < 0.001). Immunofluorescence co-loca­lization of CD45 and arginase showed significantly increased fluorescence density at 6 h and 24 h after thermal injury (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

After heat-induced disease, microglia were found to be active in the brain tissues of dogs. The microglia activated in the early 1-6 h of CNS injury were mainly the M1 type, which were then converted to the M2 type after 6 h. The 24 h M2 type was dominant. The relationship between M1/M2 polarization trends and early brain injury in heat-induced disease may be a key to understanding CNS injury in heat-induced disease.
Automatic daily remote monitoring in heart failure
patients implanted with a cardiac resynchronisation
therapy-defibrillator: a single-centre observational
pilot study
Authors: Ezer Peter , Farkas Nelli , Szokodi Istvan , Kónyi Attila
Published: March 2021

Introduction

The impact of remote monitoring (RM) on clinical outcomes in
heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac resynchronisation therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) implantation is controversial. This study sought to evaluate
the performance of an RM follow-up protocol using modified criteria of the
PARTNERS HF trial in comparison with a conventional follow-up scheme.

Material and methods

We compared cardiovascular (CV) mortality (primary
endpoint) and hospitalisation events for decompensated HF, and the number of ambulatory in-office visits (secondary endpoint) in CRT-D implanted
patients with automatic RM utilising daily transmissions (RM group, n = 45)
and conventional follow-up (CFU group, n = 43) in a single-centre observational study.

Results

After a median follow-up of 25 months, a significant advantage
was seen in the RM group in terms of CV mortality (1 vs. 6 death event,
p = 0.04), although RM follow-up was not an independent predictor for CV
mortality (HR = 0.882; 95% CI: 0.25–3.09; p = 0.845). Patient CV mortality
was independently influenced by hospitalisation events for decompensated
HF (HR = 3.24; 95% CI: 8–84; p = 0.022) during follow-up. We observed
significantly fewer hospitalisation events for decompensated HF (8 vs. 29
events, p = 0.046) in the RM group. Furthermore, a decreased number of
total (161 vs. 263, p < 0.01) and unnecessary ambulatory in-office visits
(6 vs.19, p = 0.012) were seen in the RM group as compared to the CFU group.

Conclusions

Follow-up of CRT-D patients using automatic RM with daily
transmissions based on modified PARTNERS HF criteria enabled more effective ambulatory interventions leading indirectly to improved CV survival.
Moreover, RM directly decreased the number of HF hospitalizations and ambulatory follow-up burden compared to CRT-D patients with conventional
follow-up.