bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
רוח אחת, שתי מאות תשע-עשרה
Authors: קוג'ין קראטני
Published: February 2025

קראטני קוג'ין בוחן את השתלשלות תהליכי המודרניזציה שעברה יפן במהלך המאה התשע-עשרה ומנסה להבחין במשמעותם של מהלכים אלו עבור היפנים, השונה מזו של התפתחות המודרניזציה באירופה. עיונו בתהליכים אלו מניע את ביקורתו הנוגעת לשני מהלכים מהופכים: מחד גיסא הרצון להתנתק מאסיה ומהפרדיגמות הסיניות שליוו את החברה והתרבות היפנית ב-1,300 השנים שקדמו למהפך המודרני, ומאידך גיסא התשוקה לאמץ היבטים רבים מתרבות המערב, במהלך של התאמות של אותם רעיונות ופרקטיקות למושגים ולדרכי הביטוי שרווחו ביפן. קראטני מציג את שלל העמדות, הוויכוחים והדמויות המרכזיים בתהליך זה וטוען כי הספרות, השפה והאמנות עברו טרנספורמציה עקרונית במהלך המאה התשע-עשרה, וזו הובילה את יפן לעידן חדש ולתובנות פורצות דרך במהלך המאה העשרים והעשרים ואחת.
לרקוד עם האויב: רב־שיח לרגל יובל המאה ל״תיאולוגיה פוליטית״ לקרל שמיט
Authors: זריק ראיף , ליסקה ויויאן , שמידט כריסטוף , שנהב־שהרבני יהודה
Published: February 2025

לרגל יובל המאה לפרסום הספר, כינסנו ארבעה חוקרים בכירים שעסקו רבות בהגותו של שמיט — ראיף זריק, ויויאן ליסקה, יהודה שנהב–שהרבני וכריסטוף שמידט — וביקשנו מהם לדון בספר, בחשיבותו ובסכנות שבו, ובמקומו המיוחד במחשבה הביקורתית. כיצד קרה שמבקר הדמוקרטיה הפרלמנטרית של רפובליקת ויימאר, ומאוחר יותר אחד מבכירי המשפטנים של הנאציונל–סוציאליזם, היה למקור השפעה מרכזי על דורות של מחשבה
שמאלית רדיקלית? מה יש בדמותו של הריבון, בהכרזה על מצב החירום ובתביעה להכרעה שאוחז בדפוסים הבסיסיים של הפוליטיקה — ובפרט זו העכשווית, של המלחמה בטרור, של תנועת הפליטים או של מצב החירום הבריאותי? מהי משמעות חילונם של המושגים התיאולוגיים בפוליטיקה המודרנית — מהם אותם מערכים תיאולוגיים שמופיעים גם היום? ובכלל, מהו סוד הקסם השמיטיאני, והאם אפשר או צריך להתגבר עליו? רב–שיח זה, החותם את הגיליון הנוכחי, נע בין ביאור כמה ממהלכיו של שמיט להתנערות מהם ולהצעת אפשרויות נגדיות; ובעזרת פנייה לדמויות נוספות שקשורות לשמיט באופנים שונים — מקפקא ובנימין ושלום, ארנדט ואגמבן, ועד קירקגור והרמן כהן — ומחשבה על חוקי החירום בישראל/פלסטין, מבררים המתדיינים את מורשת שמיט כאן ועכשיו.
החור השחור: אנטינומיות, שחרור, ותיאולוגיה של צרכים
Authors: ביק שרגא
Published: February 2025

מאמר זה מבקש לערוך פרובלמטיזציה של הגוף המפריש ולהצביע על הסקנדל הטמון בגוף הזה, באמצעות התמקדות בעיקר בהפרשות הקשורות לפי הטבעת (צואה, נפיחות). למול השיח (המדכא, המשחרר) הבלתי פוסק על אודות המין, הצואה מוכחשת, מושלכת החוצה מן השפה ומן המרחב החברתי אל הפרטי, המוסתר וחסר המשמעות. טענתי היא כי זו האימה של הגוף הזה בדיוק, ההבטחה של הגוף הזה, שהשיח על המיניות מבקש באופן שיטתי ומתמשך להעלים. את הטענה התיאורטית אני ממחיש בעזרת קריאה מדוקדקת בטקסט תלמודי אחד, שבו פריצתו של הגוף המפריש מקבלת ביטוי יפה ובוטה במיוחד, דווקא בתוך דיון מכוער ודקדקני בהלכות ניקיונו של הגוף המתפלל מצואה ולכלוך. הדיון מסייע לבחון אילו מרחבי שיח חדשים יכולים להיוולד מתוך הסירוב להסב את המבט מן הגוף המחרבן ולהתפתות ללכת שבי אחר האשליה היסודית הטמונה במערך המיניות הגדול.
דור המינוף העצמי: לקראת מפנה בדיון החברתי על התחדשות עירונית בישראל
Authors: לוין דפנה , אהרון-גוטמן מירב
Published: February 2025

נהוג לחשוב שההשלכה החברתית העיקרית של ההתחדשות העירונית היא כניסה של אוכלוסייה חזקה לשכונה (ג'נטריפיקציה) ודחיקה של אוכלוסייה חלשה. אולם בישראל, שבה יש שיעור גבוה של בעלי דירות במתחמי ההתחדשות, מתרחשים תהליכים חברתיים אחרים שמונחים אלו אינם מיטיבים בהכרח לתאר. אמנם הספרות אינה טועה בטענתה כי השכבות החלשות ביותר ושוכרי הדירות נדחקים על ידי אוכלוסייה חזקה יותר, אולם לצד זאת מחקרים מן השנים האחרונות בישראל מראים כיצד בעלי הדירות, גם אם הם בני המעמדות הנמוכים, משתמשים בהתחדשות העירונית כבמכשיר לקידום רווחים מחידוש דירותיהם ומהעלייה בערכן. מאחר שהדירות הוותיקות מהוות את הבסיס לפיתוח העירוני, הן מאפשרות לבעליהן לנוע במעלה הסולם החברתי. המאמר מבקש להתוות את הדרך להבנה חדשה של השלכותיה החברתיות של ההתחדשות העירונית בתוך הקשרים כלכליים רחבים אלו, ובמרכזם הצמיחה הדרמטית של מחירי הנכסים ושכר שקפא במקום. באמצעות התבוננות רפלקטיבית על המחקרים הישראליים העכשוויים הוא מציע להמשיג את הדור הנוכחי של ההתחדשות העירונית כ"דור המינוף העצמי".
Martin Heidegger, l’énigme philosophique de notre temps
Authors:   Université Alassane OUATTARA (Côte d’Ivoire), KOUAKOU Antoine
Published: February 2025

Martin Heidegger est un penseur unique en son genre. Philosophe du vingtième siècle (1889-1976), il aura, de par son dialogue constant avec les grands penseurs de son temps, et ceux des différentes périodes de l’histoire de la pensée, imprimé sa marque indélébile dans l’univers philosophique. Qui plus est, le siècle nouveau dans lequel nous sommes voit encore l’efflorescence de sa pensée, tantôt à travers des œuvres posthumes, tantôt sur la base du débat autour de son antisémitisme. Du va et vient ininterrompu de l’affaire Heidegger à la complexité de l’édifice conceptuel de l’auteur, en passant par l’avenance inouïe de sa philosophie, nous sommes en passe d’affronter une énigme. Serait-ce bien là le signe manifeste du mystère de l’être avec lequel la pensée contemporaine ne cesse de s’expliquer. La réflexion qui se déploie dans l’analyse consistera donc à dépeindre, de part et d’autre, Heidegger comme une énigme philosophique.
Ego marial, phénoménologie husserlienne et humanité
Authors:   Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (Côte d’Ivoire), YAPO Séverin
Published: February 2025

Comment la phénoménologie husserlienne, qui s’offre dans les Méditations cartésiennes, favorise-t-elle une fondation conceptuelle de l’ego virginal marial ? Répondant à cette question, l’article part du monde naturel de la Vierge-Marie qu’il ouvre, par réduction eidétique, à l’évidence du vécu de conscience transcendentale mariale. Ouvrant l’adéquation de cette évidence à l’apodicticité de l’horizon du possible propre à la Vierge, à savoir la radicale expérience de son humanité, l’étude y voit l’essence du vécu marial.
Le substantialisme cartésien à l’épreuve de l’ontologie heideggérienne
Authors:   Université Alassane OUATTARA (Côte d’Ivoire), KOUAHO Marcel Silvère Blé
Published: February 2025

Une lecture de l’ontologie fondamentale de Heidegger permet de saisir l’histoire de la philosophie comme celle de l'oubli de la question de l'Être initiée par les penseurs matinaux. Cet oubli dénote d’une confusion indifférenciant l’Être et l’étant à partir de la métaphysique traditionnelle Si la métaphysique cartésienne n’échappe pas à cette critique heideggérienne, cependant, la différence ontologique qu’elle établit entre la substance infinie et la substance finie, (laquelle différence ne laisse pas indéterminé le sens d’être du « sum ») et la mise en évidence des similitudes que présente l’Être heideggérien avec le Dieu de révélation induisent à une remise en question de l’ontologie fondamentale.
Herméneutique de l’oubli heideggérien : à propos du poème de Hölderlin "Patmos"
Authors:   Université de Poitiers (France), EKÉ Wouanssi
Published: February 2025

L’œuvre de Heidegger a pour fil conducteur, la question de l’oubli de l’être. Cependant, celle-ci sous-tend la question théologique de l’être, au sens plein du terme, à telle enseigne qu’on pourrait dire que celle-là est subordonnée à celle-ci. Mais sur cette dernière, la position de Heidegger reste ambiguë, tant, aussi bien de son aveu même, que de sa provenance intellectuelle et du milieu catholique dont il est issu. Les non-dits, les blancs, les parenthèses, les guillemets, etc. qui sont disséminés un peu partout dans cette œuvre en donnent la mesure. Nous nommons cette ambiguïté les silences de Heidegger car, il va falloir désormais lire Heidegger contre Heidegger afin de le rendre plus lisible. Les prolégomènes que nous avions proposés (nos travaux de thèse) avaient pour but d’ouvrir encore plus larges les chemins du dépassement de Heidegger, de la métaphysique et surtout de la libération de la parole comme fondement de l’être et de Dieu, fondement du Lieu-même où le Mot et la pensée se taisent et se subliment, comme c’est le cas en poésie, un mode et un monde sans métaphysique. Pour Heidegger, l’acheminement vers cette parole passe par les poètes comme Trakl, Rilke et surtout Hölderlin. Mais son rapport avec celui-ci est à l’image de toute son ambiguïté : il le « coupe » littéralement de ses origines et son histoire personnelle ; son commentaire de Patmos est caractéristique de cette herméneutique de l’oubli.
Relacion entre depresión y rendimiento académico, en estudiantes del 3ro Al 5to año de secundaria
Authors: Obando Oviedo Julieth Ayme , Alvarado Quintanilla Jeremi Brayam
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación que existe entre la sintomatología depresiva y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del 3ro al 5to año de secundaria del Colegio de Alto Rendimiento COAR Moquegua. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva de diseño no experimental transversal con un enfoque cuantitativo. La población consta de 280 estudiantes del tercero al quinto grado y la muestra con 269 estudiantes. Los datos se recolectaron con un test de Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI-2) presentado en un cuestionario. Para la variable rendimiento académico se realizó un análisis documental y una ficha de análisis. Como resultado se evidenció que el 72 % de la muestra tuvo síntomas de depresión leve y el 58% de 156 estudiantes se ubican en logro destacado de aprendizaje con promedios de 18 a 20 puntos. Se concluye que existe una correlación positiva débil significativa entre la sintomatología depresiva y el rendimiento académico.
Hábitos de estudio en los estudiantes del quinto grado de educación primaria
Authors: Trujillo Echevarría Mayda
Published: February 2025

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las características de los hábitos de estudio de los alumnos del quinto grado de Educación Primaria de la Institución Educativa Virgen del Rosario, Ilo 2023. Es cuantitativa, descriptiva simple y diseño no experimental; la población-muestra fue de 95 estudiantes. Para recopilar los datos se utilizó la encuesta y el cuestionario CHTE. Los resultados indican que el 45% de estudiantes, tienen aspectos importantes a mejorar en relación a sus hábitos y técnicas de estudio, 48% buena actitud para el estudio; 53% tiene un lugar aceptable de estudio; 51% aceptable en estado físico para el estudio, 48% plan de trabajo aceptable; 34 % tienen una técnica de estudio aceptable, 64% actitud de bueno para los exámenes, 58% aceptable para trabajos y tareas y 45 % tiene aspectos que mejorar ya que el 28% posee hábitos de estudio aceptables. Se concluye que los estudiantes investigados deben mejorar sus hábitos de estudio para aumentar su nivel académico.
Vinculación entre ciencia y tomadores de decisiones, dos casos de estudio en Paraguay
Authors: Olivares Álvares Edgar
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo aborda a la ciencia como base para la construcción de políticas vinculadas a la problemática climática en Paraguay. Tal abordaje se fundamenta en que la incidencia de la ciencia en la toma de decisiones relacionadas al clima es aún incipiente en el país y se encuentra supeditada a cuestiones sociales y económicas principalmente. El objetivo fue analizar iniciativas vinculadas a la problemática climática desarrolladas en Paraguay, desde la perspectiva de la credibilidad, relevancia y legitimidad entre 2010-2020. El análisis se realizó en base a dos estudios de caso, utilizando las entrevistas semiestructurada. El estudio evidenció que estas iniciativas incidieron de manera significativa en la producción de documentos técnicos de alta calidad. Resaltan la necesidad de continuar encargando estos estudios a equipos de trabajo multidisciplinarios, así como involucrar en estos temas a instituciones o personas “puente” para generar confianza y fluidez en los procesos de trabajo. Finalmente, se recomienda construir herramientas que permitan analizar con mayor rigor científico la vinculación. Como conclusión resalta la importancia de fortalecer los enlaces entre iniciativas técnicas-científicas y las instancias políticas de tomar decisiones, considerando la credibilidad, relevancia y legitimidad como ejes de análisis.
La crisis del agua: Desafíos y soluciones en un mundo sediento
Authors: Rea Campos Oscar
Published: February 2025

La crisis del agua constituye un reto global con consecuencias significativas para la salud, el medio ambiente y el desarrollo sostenible. Este artículo se propuso describir los desafíos y soluciones asociados a esta problemática. Se consideraron variables como la disponibilidad y las políticas de gestión hídrica. Para la elaboración del estudio, se consultaron bases de datos como Scielo, Scopus y Web of Science. Los criterios de inclusión abarcaron estudios en inglés y español publicados entre 2020 y 2024, excluyendo aquellos sin revisión por pares y los que no se centraban en soluciones. Se revisaron un total de 115 estudios utilizando descriptores booleanos como “crisis del agua” Y “soluciones”. Se aplicaron técnicas de análisis cualitativo. Los resultados subrayan la urgencia de adoptar políticas inclusivas, concluyendo que enfrentar la crisis hídrica requiere un enfoque integral que combine educación y cooperación global.
Prevalence of Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes with and without HIV: Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Abosheaishaa Hazem , Nassar Omar , Alfishawy Mostafa , Martinez Anthony
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a frequent complication in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This study aims to evaluate the impact of HIV status on the prevalence of MASLD in patients with T2D.
Methods: We utilized the TriNetX global federated health research network to perform a comparative analysis of two cohorts: T2D patients with HIV (Cohort 1) and T2D patients without HIV (Cohort 2). Propensity score matching controlled for confounders such as age, gender, Hemoglobin A1c, LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, and hypertension. The study was exempt from IRB review as it did not involve direct human subjects, per the University at Buffalo Institutional Review Board.
Results: Initial data included 168,428 patients in Cohort 1 and 9,040,558 in Cohort 2. After matching, each cohort consisted of 166,803 patients. MASLD prevalence was 7.1% in HIV-positive T2D patients and 6.7% in HIV-negative T2D patients, with a significant risk difference (RD = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.002 to 0.006, p < 0.0001). The risk ratio (RR) was 1.062 (95% CI: 1.036 to 1.089), and the odds ratio (OR) was 1.067 (95% CI: 1.039 to 1.096).
Conclusion: HIV-positive T2D patients exhibit a slightly higher risk of developing MASLD than their HIV-negative counterparts. These results underscore the need for specialized screening and management of MASLD in patients with T2D, particularly those living with HIV.
A Review of Comparative Study of Steel Sections with Strengthening Under Different Loadings
Authors: - Mr. Rahul Anandrao Patil , - Dr. Satish Kashinath Kamane
Published: February 2025

In recent years, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been utilized to strengthen structural components to effectively tackle increased cycling loads or repair challenges caused by wear or fatigue fractures. Consequently, this research is focused on exploring existing FRP reinforcement techniques for structural steel components that have experienced fatigue damage. This research examines surface treatment techniques, adhesive curing methods, and support configurations under cyclic loading through finite element (FE) modeling of steel bridge girders alongside structural principles, focusing on fatigue performance, crack development, and failure modes. FRP-strengthening composites increase fatigue life, minimize stiffness degradation with residual deflection, postpone initial cracking, and slow the rate of crack propagation. CFRP, or prestressed carbon Fiber-reinforced polymer, is the finest choice for improvement.
Metaphor and Awakening: The Characteristics of Modernity and the Meaning of Modernity in Huang Xiuqiu
Authors: Wang Jingyang
Published: February 2025

In the history of Chinese literature, Late Qing literature has important transitional significance because of its special position between tradition and modernity. As a key link in the literary system of the Late Qing Dynasty, "novel" not only achieved unprecedented development at that time and had a profound social impact, but also attrasts many literary researchers today: combining it with modernity, exploring the characteristics of modernity, and giving it important modern significance. This paper will analyze the characteristics of modernity and the meaning of modernity behind the novel text from three dimensions: plot metaphor, name metaphor and gender metaphor.
The Construction of American National Identity in Cooper's Spy, a Revolutionary Historical Novel
Authors: Chai Xiangnan
Published: February 2025

As a pioneer of American national literature, James Cooper made national identity construction his life's mission. Set in the Revolutionary War, the novel Spy centres around the protagonist Harvey Birch, who travels through the neutral zone in the guise of a freighter to collect British intelligence. Birch travels through the neutral zone in the guise of a cargo man to obtain British intelligence, and is mistaken for a spy by the American army. But for the sake of his country, this truth will never be revealed. Cooper realises the construction of national identity in real historical events, and blends the beauty of harmony between man and nature. For Cooper, this work represents his first success in his entire literary career. At the same time, Spy became the seminal work of ethnic fiction in American literary history.
Khadi Weave: Threads Art of South Punjab
Authors: Mrs. Nusrat Bibi  , Muhammad Shafeeq  , Fatima Manzoor
Published: February 2025

Making chadar is an extensively cultural tradition in Pakistan. This art of weaving relates to very elaborated shawls and blankets using mainly khadi, a hand-spun and hand-woven cloth. Khadi, the darling of organic and eco-friendly lovers, is how artisans paint the canvas of cloth with their creativity involving many weaving and embroidery processes. This abstract will elaborate the historical and cultural importance of Chadar making in Pakistan, also its socio-economic significance. Juridical, as the craft gets the generations of the artisanal tradition, and artists usually making small communities adding to the preservation of traditional techniques and strengthening of the local economy. Chadar is made using traditional handlooms where artisans in Pakistan creatively weave beautiful designs and motifs by taking inspiration from various regions and ethnicities of the country. This craft which uses natural dyes is done so meticulously that no two pieces can be alike, nor made, impacting the environment. While Chadar-making is an art, it also serves a great deal to the economic well-being of many families of Pakistan. Mostly women artisans are able to make a living from working with their hands that will assist in their economic independence and help grow their community. Tourists and collectors from other countries are also attracted by this craft, which in turn contributes to our economy.
Camel Carving: An Artistic Exploration of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Muhammad Shafeeq  , Mrs. Nusrat Bibi  , Fatima Manzoor
Published: February 2025

In the Cholistan desert of Pakistan, there's a centuries-old craft that showcases the region's rich cultural heritage. This craft is the art of carving on camel hair. The people of Bahawalpur Cholistan have developed a unique and fascinating way of expressing themselves through this art form. For generations, skilled artisans in the region have been perfecting the craft of carving on camel hair. They carefully cut, clean and dye the hair, then use various techniques to create intricate designs and patterns. These designs reflect the region's cultural traditions and are not only beautiful but also symbolic. The carved camel hair is used to create stunning works of art, from traditional clothing and accessories to home decorations. This craft is a testament to the creativity and ingenuity of the artisans of Cholistan. When you see the carved camel hair; you're struck by its beauty and the skill that goes into creating it. The artisans of Cholistan have shown that even in harsh environments, beauty and creativity can thrive. This ancient craft inspires us to tap into our own creativity, experiment, and innovate. Just like the artisans of Bahawalpur Rohi/ Cholistan, we can create something beautiful and unique from simple materials. The art of carving unfolds in tandem with the changing seasons. Every year, at the end of January, the skilled artisans of Cholistan embark on this intricate craft, carefully selecting and preparing the camel hairs for carving. As the winter months give way to spring, the camel hairs grow longer and stronger, providing the perfect canvas for the artisans' creativity. The art of carving reaches its peak during the summer months, with artisans working tirelessly to create intricate designs, patterns and motifs on camel hair. By August, however, the camel's hair has grown too long, making it unsuitable for carving, and artisans have to wait another year for the cycle to begin one more. This momentary nature of the craft adds to its allure, giving the art of camel hair trimming a truly seasonal and special joy.
Institutional Racism and Racial Politics in Richard Wagamese’s Indian Horse: A Critical Race Study
Authors: Nouman Shafi  , Ghulam Murtaza  , Kainat Asghar
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates Indian Horse (2012) by Richard Wagamese using Critical Race Theory (CRT) as a theoretical framework, particularly drawing on the concepts introduced by Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic’s jointly written work Critical Race Theory: An Introduction (2001). It follows Saul Indian Horse, a First Nations man, whose life is shaped by the traumatic legacies of Canada's residential school system and the systemic racism that dominated both his personal experiences and broader societal structures. This study examines how the narrative not only represents the lived realities of Indigenous peoples in Canada but also critiques the racial hierarchies and race-based social structures. Through Saul’s journey, the novel reveals how the systemic marginalization of Indigenous peoples is perpetuated through cultural erasure, physical abuse, and social exclusion. The residential school system, depicted as both a symbol and mechanism of colonialism, operates as a microcosm of broader societal racism. This paper also explores the theme of healing and the narrative's challenge to dominant historical narratives, illustrating the ways in which personal resilience intersects with collective struggles for justice. In applying Delgado and Stefancic’s framework, the paper argues that Indian Horse functions not only as a literary critique of colonialism but also as a call to action for dismantling the racialized structures that continue to oppress Indigenous communities. The novel underscores the importance of storytelling in countering hegemonic narratives, emphasizing the transformative potential of Indigenous voices in shaping a more equitable future.
Transformative impact of Social Media platforms on Language Evolution: Creation and Adoption of Emerging Lexicon
Authors: Bushra Malik  , Fatima Iftikhar  , Taimoor Gurmani
Published: February 2025

The present research aims to investigate the language changes caused by the integration of social media sites with special reference to the usage of new jargon and emerging language among young social media users. This study employs quantitative questionnaires from 40 participants and qualitative interviews with 10 participants purposively sampled to understand the pattern of language by social media. The survey examined the frequency and the tendencies of such changes as abbreviations, informal structure of the sentence, and use of emojis in communication and identified considerable changes in user’s attitudes to the language. Employing Braun and Clarke’s (2016) thematic analysis, this paper builds upon qualitative materials and elaborates on how social media opens creative possibilities, enables code-switching, and renegotiates linguistic imagination. Consequently, the research suggests that social media fosters language use that embraces variance and innovation more than stagnation and stability in conventional English grammar and punctuation. Participants also claimed that a wide range of unknown vocabulary was also reported due to exposure to the different dialects and trends in the current world usage. As such, this research identifies social media as an active facilitator of linguistic change, which underlines the rate of language development by creating a novel interaction typology that reshapes users’ perceptive of prescriptive norms. These implications are useful for further research into the semiotic aspects of digital communication and for understanding the tendencies of informal language use among youths.
Readability and Syntactic Complexity in Undergraduate Essays on Technology
Authors: Taimoor Gurmani  , Ishfaque Ahmed Abbasi  , Zahid Ali Jatoi
Published: February 2025

This research examines the comprehensibility and syntactic density of technology in the modern era essays penned by undergraduates. Employing computational tools and a quantitative approach, the study compares readability indices (Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade, and Gunning Fog Index) as well as syntactic complexity measures (number of sentences, average word length, and average syllable length of the text). The ten essays underwent analysis in TEXT INSPECTOR form, and exploration visualizations such as bar plots, scatter plots, and heatmaps generated in Python environment were used to map the correlation between metrics. The findings show that complexity and readability levels vary greatly in the ten analyzed sentences. For Flesch Reading Ease, scores of texts ranged from 46 to 68, which reveal moderately to relatively high readability; Flesch-Kincaid Grade and Gunning Fog Index scores demonstrated how sentence length and syllable count affected perceived text difficulty levels. Regression analysis revealed that the average number of syllables per sentence was generally a good predictor of the readability indices we derived, which elicited those polysyllabic words made text more difficult. This study adds knowledge to the existing literature concerning the nature of syntactic choices and their effects on difficulty in academic writing. The implications for practice are that specific teaching methods to promote precision should be applied to address the imbalance of linguistic complexity to communicate academic content for a wide range of academic audiences. The limitation associated with a small sample size should be elaborated on in future studies; more texts from various genres should be incorporated into the analysis to establish greater generalization.
Critical Discourse Analysis of selected Legal Discourse using Dell Hymes’ (1974) SPEAKING Model
Authors: Amna Bajwa  , Sumiya Riaz  , Hafiza Aleena Khalil  , Kanwal Shahzadi
Published: February 2025

The Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of Legal Discourse requires the specific theoretical framework as it is the specific language which uses the codes and signs along with specific situation or setting. This study aims at analyzing the selected Legal Discourse (Rylands v Fletcher 1868 case). This research investigates how it lies based on the application of Hymes’ SPEAKING model (1974). The current study is limited to the CDA of the selected legal discourse in which the focus is on the analysis of the judgments and final decision of Rylands v Fletcher 1868 case took place. The collected data, under consideration, is composed of the judgments and final decision took place in the House of Lord on July 17th, 1868. Qualitative research methods are employed to gather and analyze data. Based on the Hymes’ (1974) renowned model, the findings of this study reveal how the SPEAKING model helps in analyzing the text. The discussion also explains that different variables play a significant role in maintaining communicative competence during communication. The study concludes with the implications that this research can contribute to conducting further research works on legal discourses and provides guidance regarding application of Hymes’ (1974) in analysis. Thus, in this way, it also has some pedagogical implications.
Bilingual competence affects poetic style: Evidence from Milton’s Paradise Lost
Authors: Nasir Mehmood  , Riffat Naz  , Muhammad Saram Khan  , Qaisar Jabbar
Published: February 2025

Emerging plurilingualism invoking the writers to produce a literary composition not only for one community but also for the globe. This study, however, endeavors to investigate the bilingual influence on the writers’ literary composition either due to multilingual environment or a typical writing bent of mind. For conduction this study, a qualitative research method is adopted and a close textual analysis to exhibit the bilingual affect on Milton’s poetic style of writing specifying the text---"Paradise Lost”. After careful examination from primary and secondary data sources, the study provides findings that Milton’s style represents the bilingual effect as Milton used multiple languages data such as Latin, Germanic and English. In addition, the study also shows that Milton has superbly used bilingual techniques using rhetorical devices and philosophical languages. The study also implicates that the future researchers may explore the other domain of bilingualism such as code-switching, code mixing, borrowing and coinages within literary text of any age.
Ecocriticism and the Postcolonial Landscape: War, Displacement, and Environmental Devastation in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows
Authors: Saima Yousaf Khan  , Saman Salah  , Rubina Masum
Published: February 2025

Emerging Through an ecocritical and postcolonial perspective this research studies how war together with colonialism and forced migration led to environmental destruction in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows (2009). Through the linked historical narratives of Japan, India, Pakistan and Afghanistan the novel explores how nuclear warfare and imperial expansion, and geopolitical tensions continuously damage human lives together with natural geographical environments. The research explains how the novel displays war-devastated environments to illustrate how environmental destruction mirrors the traumatic movement experienced by its characters. Using perspectives from ecocriticism via Cheryll Glotfelty and Greg Garrard and postcolonial theory from Edward Said and Dipesh Chakrabarty this research examines how historical colonial practices affect natural destruction alongside human distress. The novel uses its characters' experiences of nuclear destruction mixed with deforestation alongside war-caused population displacement to demonstrate how human conflicts produce lasting environmental disasters in postcolonial regions. Through its narrative the text demonstrates that environmental devastation encompasses political events thereby demanding vital awareness about ecology in contemporary postcolonial writing. The analysis establishes that Shamsie achieves anti-war narrative goals through her presentation of enduring environmental degradation from colonial and military warfare.
Reimagining the Past: The Use of Mythology in Contemporary Literature
Authors: Warda-Tun-Naeem  , Areej Agha
Published: February 2025

This study shall examine that modern-day writers have started using ancient myth as a new source of inspiration for fresh compositions that address contemporary social problems. This paper looks at the ways modern writers such as Madeline Miller and Neil Gaiman adapt mythology, analyzing how their use of mythic figures and myths conveys contemporary sexual and power relations and identity Issues. Creatives shield mythology from trivial pastimes, because such readings position mythic elements as devices that interrogate urgent social and cultural challenges of today. In her 2018 novel Circe, Madeline Miller offered a feminist reimagining of the Greek myth surrounding Circe, who according to ancient texts was a dangerous sorceress who ensnared and manipulated others. By reimagining Circe’s narrative, Miller grants her protagonist both a voice and personal stories that subvert traditional patriarchal readings of her character while delving into modern debates about gender rights and individual liberty. Circe, as represented in the current times concerning women's marginalization, invites its audience to criticize the mainstream thinking for women's transformation and power. Neil Gaiman, in his book American Gods (2001), tells a story of present-day gods fighting against old-world deities through the vehicle of Norse mythology and other ancient systems of belief. The novel gaits through mythological characters to represent social institutions such as religion consumerism and nationalism. He probes how modern society damages and commercializes spiritual systems by investigating beliefs as cultural shaping forces producing personal power.)Shadow Moon, the title character, allows Neil Gaiman to make all that analysis. Because offering nostalgic sequences through historical times is not all there is to modern mythological storytelling, but rather critical inquiries into an enduring social order composing present conditions. By placing mythological figures in the present-day and in contemporary settings, Miller and Gaiman direct the reader to question the accepted social norms surrounding gender, identity, and power and control. Such radical reimagining of mythological stories show how these myths have continued to resonate with modern societal political issues. This paper shows how mythology works on modern literature as a reflecting modern cultural changes and at the same as responding to them.
Instant Entertainment: Tracking the Course of Short-form Videos among the Netizens of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Rabail Qureshi  , Farhana Altaf Qureshi  , Farjad Faiz
Published: February 2025

The abundance of digital distractions has caused a shrink in the attention span of humans. Short-form videos have been a source of quick and economical entertainment since the rise of YouTube Shorts, Instagram Reels, and TikTok. The research explores the course of short videos among the netizens of Punjab, Pakistan, while identifying the distinctive attributes of short videos. The availability of mini-videos on every digital platform has transformed conventional elaborate entertainment practices into fast-paced, instant fun. The paper offers a literature review to analyses how much “instant” short-form entertainment ought to be without damaging the delicacy of human aesthetics. Furthermore, the study through the correlational research design reveals potential outcomes of leveraging the popularity of short-form videos to reshape the societal norms of Punjab while acknowledging Punjabi folks' culture of propagating vibrant entertainment both on national and international levels.
Neural Correlates of Cognate Recognition in Urdu-English Bilinguals: A Case of Psycholinguistic and Neuroimaging Study
Authors: Saria Kazmi  , Qaiser Javed Iqbal  , Muhammad Asif
Published: February 2025

Bilingualism demands complex cognitive control and linguistic flexibility, particularly when navigating languages with distinct orthographic systems. This study investigates the neural correlates of cognate recognition in Urdu-English bilinguals, focusing on how phonological, semantic, and scriptural differences influence bilingual lexical access. While previous research has extensively explored cognate facilitation effects in alphabetical languages, the impact of cross-script differences on bilingual word recognition remains underexplored. Using a multi-method approach, we combined behavioral experiments, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), and Event-Related Potentials (ERP) to examine lexical processing efficiency. A Lexical Decision Task (LDT) and Word Translation Task (WTT) were used to assess reaction times and accuracy, while fMRI and ERP data provided insights into neural activation patterns. Results confirmed a significant cognate facilitation effect, with faster reaction times (450ms vs. 520ms for non-cognates) and higher accuracy (92% vs. 84%). Neuroimaging findings revealed increased activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), highlighting the involvement of executive control and phonological integration. ERP analysis demonstrated reduced N400 amplitude for cognates, indicating lower semantic processing effort. These findings underscore that despite distinct scripts, cognate processing engages shared lexical representations, albeit with additional cognitive demands for script conversion. This research bridges psycholinguistics and neuroscience, advancing our understanding of bilingual lexical access, cross-linguistic interaction, and neural plasticity. Future studies should explore how language proficiency, script familiarity, and reading exposure modulate these effects, informing bilingual education and cognitive training strategies.
A Semiotic Analysis of Billboards in Islamabad's I-8 Markaz: Exploring Visual Communication and Cultural Representation
Authors: Faiz Mahmood  , Syeda Malika Zahra  , Aimun Noor
Published: February 2025

This study explores the semiotic pragmatics of billboard advertisements, focusing on the ways in which signs and symbols are used to manipulate consumer behavior. Drawing on Roland Barthes' semiotic approach, the research decodes the linguistic, visual, contextual, and mythical elements embedded in billboard advertisements. The analysis examines how advertisers use various signs, including celebrity endorsements, colors, and cultural symbols, to construct persuasive messages that resonate with consumers. By categorizing billboards as a form of outdoor advertisement, the study investigates how these advertisements convey meanings that go beyond the literal, incorporating social, cultural, and ideological inferences. The study is based on food and grocery billboards displayed in the I-8 sector of Islamabad, with findings showing that advertisers strategically utilize these semiotic tools to manipulate audience perceptions and influence purchasing decisions. The research emphasizes how myths, reinforced through repetition, become perceived as natural truths, guiding consumer choices. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how advertising in urban spaces leverages semiotic strategies to shape consumer identities and behaviors.
Analyzing the Clinical Encounters Between Doctors and Patients in Public Hospitals
Authors: Arooj Fatimah  , Perveen Akhter Farhat  , Nighat Sultana
Published: February 2025

The main purpose behind this study was to explore the hurdles and misunderstandings in clinical oral communication encounters along with the factors that affect these hurdles. The government hospitals in Pakistan are dealing with uncountable number of patients and to estimate the prevailing norms in these hospitals, the data was collected from ten doctors and eight patients using the semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was done to collect data to address the research questions. The findings of this research unveil different factors that cause communication barriers. For example, the participants mention styles of speaking of doctors with patients, the noise, the behavioral issues of the participants and the ignorance from the authorities etc. It is evident that participants from both sides; patients and doctors, mention many same issues with different points of view but several issues are agreed by both sides. Several factors are found that serve as barrier to providing proper treatment for patients, but the most important one is the negligence of government and authorities as they neither provide funds nor play their role in managing human or material resources. The haphazard appointment of doctors to far off areas where their dialect is different from the patients is another factor agreed on by the participants. The research suggests sincere action from government and authorities, loyal efforts of the doctors and the respectful cooperation of the patients to deal with the issue of impediments in oral communications in clinical encounters. This work aims at spreading awareness of hindrance-free communication for a smoother delivery of medication and other treatments such as dieting, exercising or surgery etc. It is seen that the communication gap is creating serious problems, and this issue should be addressed on priority.
Sexuality and the Body in James Joyce’s Ulysses and D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Muhammad Ajmal  , Safia Siddiqui  , Rizwana Sarwar
Published: February 2025

Both James Joyce and D.H. Lawrence challenged societal conventions in their time in their own ways, Joyce in sex, intimacy, and grotesque representations of the human body, and Lawrence in all sorts of bodily and sexual expressions. This comparative analysis explores the way the two novels portray sexual expression as a form of personal freedom and rebellion against limiting social and moral systems. Joyce’s depiction of Leopold Bloom and Molly Bloom’s eroticism is a modernist deconstruction of eroticism whereas Lawrence’s tale stresses the bodily and emotive aspects of sexual gratification as a route to spiritual and social revivification. Both works are critiques of the repressive social structures in early 20th-century British and Irish societies that query the intersections of gender, class and sexuality. This research accordingly employs a combined literary stylistic and psychoanalytic genetic framework to reveal the differentiated yet parallel nature in which both Joyce and Lawrence position corporeal desire at the core of an ethical model of human identity. It concludes by arguing that both Ulysses and Lady Chatterley’s Lover respectively recast traditional ideas of intimacy as the subversion of dominant ideologies of sexuality and propriety.
Analisis Kemampuan Dan Kemauan Membayar (ATP-WTP) Pengunjung Situs Gunung Padang Kabupaten Cianjur
Authors: Norman Wardana  , Aa Permana  , Raden Rizki Muttaqien
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the relationship between the ability to pay and the willingness to pay of visitors to the Gunung Padang site in Cianjur Regency. The issue addressed in this research focuses on the discrepancy between the financial capacity of visitors and the ticket price they are willing to pay, which may affect the effectiveness of management and the sustainability of the tourist destination. The research methodology uses a quantitative approach with data collection through surveys, utilizing a questionnaire instrument distributed to visitors. The results of the study indicate that the visitors' ability to pay is higher than their willingness to pay. This finding is influenced by several factors, such as limited facility quality, a lack of visitor understanding of the historical value of the site, and comparisons with other tourist destinations that offer more comprehensive facilities. The study also highlights the importance of improving the quality of facilities and implementing more intensive promotional strategies to increase visitors' understanding of the site's significance, which in turn could enhance their willingness to pay. The contribution of this research is expected to provide guidance for destination managers in designing more effective policies and contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of tourism economics and cultural destination management.
Pengaruh Harga Dan Promosi Terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen Pada Kopi Dari Hati Di Sawangan Depok
Authors: Marlinda Sholekhah Salsabila  , Sinta Sulistiani
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the effect of price and promotion on consumer buying interest in Kopi Dari Hati in Sawangan Depok. The method used is quantitative. The population in this study was 2483 with sample determination using the Slovin Formula, resulting in a sample of 96 respondents. Data analysis uses Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classic Assumption Test, Descriptive Analysis, Simple Regression Analysis, Correlation Coefficient Analysis, Determination Coefficient Analysis, and Hypothesis Testing. The results of the Price variable have a positive and significant influence on Consumer Purchase Interest with a value of tcount > ttable or (9.559 > 1.661) Sig value < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). The results of the Promotion variable have a positive and significant influence on Consumer Purchase Interest with a value of tcount > ttable or (7.744 > 1.661) and a value of Sig. < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). The results of the variables Price (X1) and Promotion (X2) have a significant effect on Consumer Purchase Interest (Y). Hypothesis testing shows that Fcount > Ftable (51,498 > 3.094) and the Sig. < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05).
Preparedness of Bhutanese Higher Education Institutions for Inclusive Education: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Chhetri Ramesh Kumar
Published: February 2025

This study explored the preparedness of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Bhutan for inclusive education, focusing on current culture, practices, and policies related to inclusion. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach guided by pragmatism, the study employed stratified random sampling to select participants, including academics, support staff, and students from nine constituent colleges and two affiliated colleges of the Royal University of Bhutan (RUB), as well as stakeholders and parents. Findings were analysed across six themes: understanding of inclusive education, perceptions of student inclusion, institutional policies, infrastructure, and academic preparedness. The study revealed that HEIs in Bhutan are insufficiently prepared for the inclusion of students with disabilities, with inadequate infrastructure and physical environments. Although the 2010 Tertiary Education Policy includes provisions for inclusion, it lacks specific guidelines on admission, pedagogy, and infrastructure. The study recommends developing guidelines for students with disabilities in HEIs, reviewing admission criteria, fostering collaboration between Royal University of Bhutan and the Ministry of Education and Skills Development (MoESD), enhancing faculty training, building accessible facilities, and conducting advocacy programs to promote greater inclusivity.
Keywords: Preparedness, equality, inclusive policies, inclusive culture, inclusive infrastructures, higher educational institutions.
Comparison and Enlightenment of the Implementation Strategies of Basic Education Informatization in Mongolia and China in the Digital Era
Authors: Jian Jiang
Published: February 2025

In order to cope with the opportunities and challenges brought by the digital era to basic education and promote the improvement of education equity and quality, this paper uses literature analysis and comparative research to systematically analyze and compare the implementation strategies of basic education informatization in Mongolia and China. The study found that Mongolia has deficiencies in policy support and infrastructure construction, but pays attention to localized resource development and teacher training. China, on the other hand, has performed well in improving its policy system, widely applying technology, and building a resource sharing platform, but it faces the challenges of unbalanced regional development and differences in teachers' informatization capabilities. Through comparison, this paper reveals the similarities and differences between the two countries in the process of informatization of basic education, and proposes that Mongolia can learn from China's experience in policy coordination and resource integration, while China can draw inspiration from Mongolia's localization practice and teacher training model. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for further optimizing the informatization strategy of basic education in the two countries, and are of great significance for promoting regional education modernization.