bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure, aromatic properties and preparation of the quinazolin-4-one molecule
Authors: Saitkulov Foziljon , Sapaev Bairamdurdi , Nasimov Khasan , Kurbanova Dilorom , Tursunova Nargiza
Published: May 2023

The government has emphasized the significance of making significant investments in scientific research to develop herbicides, fungicides, bactericides, anthelmintic agents, weed and pest control agents, and alternative pesticides that are eco-friendly and can be exported. In this research, the aromaticity of quinazolin-4-one a and p was studied. A one-stage method for obtaining quinazolin-4-one a was developed by condensation of anthranilic acid and formamide when heated to Wood's alloy. Quinazolin-4-one exhibits conformity with Hückel's rules upon undergoing a reaction with alkali metals, hydrides, and alkalis. An investigation was performed to assess the aromaticity of both para and ortho quinazolin-4-one. Quinazolin-4-one a was obtained through a one-step process, which involved condensing anthranilic acid and formamide using Wood's alloy at a temperature of 130-135 ºС for two hours, which was found to be optimal.
Effect of feeding mulberry silkworms with leaves of different cultivars and hybrids on silk gland activity and yield of cultivated cocoons
Authors: Bekkamov Chorshanbi
Published: May 2023

During the agrotechnics of mulberry silkworm care by farms, clusters and specialized farms engaged in cocooning in our country, the nutritious feed given to the mulberry silkworm during its youth is used in the season of medicating agricultural crops. The purpose of the research was to investigate the causes of mulberry silkworm diseases resulting from poisoning in several districts of the Tashkent region, including Orta Chirchik, Lower Chirchik, Piskent, Yangiyol, Chinoz, Bostanliq, and Ohangaron. The results showed that the weight and volume of the silk gland were higher in the experimental variants, ranging from 1550-1650 mg and 1.55-1.63 cm3, respectively, compared to the comparative variant, where the weight and volume were 1470-1480 mg and 1.45-1.48 cm3, respectively. The difference in weight and volume was found to be 6.9-11.5% and 6.5-10.1%, respectively, lower than the experimental variants.
Importance of the correct organization of papillonage in sericulture
Authors: Navruzov Sobir , Khudaiberdieva Umida
Published: May 2023

According to the history of sericulture, the domestication and utilization of the silkworm as a source of silk began in the Shang-tung province of China around 3000 BC, and silk weaving began 2700 BC. Only intimate members of the imperial family and women of high birth were allowed to work in the manufacture of cocoons and silk in ancient China, which was considered to be nearly holy. From ancient times, the Chinese have rigorously controlled the breeding of silkworms and the monopoly of silk, safeguarding the lucrative business with regulations that make it illegal to receive raw silk, disclose methods for producing cocoons, or even have the desire to export silk. This article deals with sericulture in general, its grain production, the role of papillonage in pedigree sericulture stations, where pre-breeding grain is prepared, super-elite and elite, in grain factories where hybrid or industrial grain is prepared for the production of industrial windows in farms and other farms.
Isolation of pectin from vegetable waste and study of its physical and chemical properties
Authors: Artikova Rano , Khuzhanazarova Mutabar , Azimova Dildora , Temirova Mehriniso
Published: May 2023

Currently, the deterioration of the environmental situation is due to the fact that tens of thousands of substances are introduced into the environment every year, which are characterized by toxic properties for humans and affect the change in the nutritional status of the population. A significant part of substances with carcinogenic and mutagenic effects enter the human body with water and food. As known, pectin has the ability to bind these substances and remove them from the body. This principle is based on the use of pectin as an additive in various products for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, as well as for the manufacture of medicines. This article presents the results of the extraction of food pectin from carrot and pumpkin cake, its hydrolysis, as well as the study of the physicochemical properties of pectin. The paper presents the results of IR spectroscopy and pectin substances of carrot cake, determination of their molecular weight.
CD4 and CD20 as important immune markers in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Kamoona Firas Mohammad Hussein , Aljanaby Ahmed Abduljabbar Jaloob
Published: May 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious lung infection caused by the bacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) is highly contagious, and can be spread through the air from an infected person to others. The aim of this article was to evaluate the immunological role of CD4 and CD20 in patients infected withM. tuberculosisand multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). A total of 182 individuals suspected withM. tuberculosisadmitted to the tuberculosis center in AL-Najaf City, Iraq. A sputum acid-fast stain was performed for each individual and GeneXpert® heminested real time PCR has been performed for MDR-M. tuberculosisdetection. CD4 and CD20 have been measurement in serum of infected individual using ELISA technique. Serum CD4 and CD20 levels were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in patients withM. tuberculosisand MDR-M. tuberculosisgroups as compared with control subjects. The MDRTB group showed higher serum CD4 and CD20 levels (P<0.05) than theM. tuberculosisgroup. This study showed that CD4 and CD20 had a relationship withM. tuberculosisand might be used to help diagnose TB.
Biological approaches to the purification of textile wastewater
Authors: Elizaryev Alexey , Elizareva Elena , Tarakanov Dmitrii , Fakhertdinova Alina
Published: May 2023

The textile industry is one of the major sources of environmental pollution. This is due to the use of a wide range of dyes, surfactants, oxidizing agents and other chemical reagents in technological processes. Modern dyes are characterized by low biodegradability, resistance to chemical and temperature effects of the environment. Therefore, the development of cost-effective and effective measures to combat such pollution is necessary to protect ecosystems and natural resources. This review is a kind of compilation of the available information about the various technologies for the treatment of textile effluents, so that these technologies can be widely used.
Environmental aspects and microclimate in greenhouses in the republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Durmanov Akmal , Madumarov Talantbek , Abdulkhayeva Gulshan , Shermukhamedov Akmal , Baltashov Sultaniyaz
Published: May 2023

Over the years, the persistence of pandemics has further increased the population's demand for environmentally friendly products. Greenhouses are a key factor in solving this socio-economic problem. A temperate climate is needed to grow organic produce. This experiment is carried out only in greenhouse complexes. Creating an ecological microclimate in greenhouses in the Republic of Uzbekistan will help to solve these problems. The aim of the study is to create and optimize low-cost ecomicroclimate conditions in greenhouses using natural resources. In the study of ecological microclimate processes in greenhouses, the methods of analysis, synthesis, inductive, monographic research, abstract logic, and other general scientific research are used. The study found that an optimal ventilation system improves climate control and therefore optimize energy consumption, in addition to linking other factors such as airborne carbon concentration, temperature, humidity, which directly affect the growth and development of aerated crops. Ventilation affects the temperature inside the greenhouse, another ecological aspect of the correct and optimized operation of a sustainable greenhouse agroecosystem, as it provides the same air circulation from outside the greenhouse to remove excess heat during high solar radiation found to have a positive effect on quality ; this has been proven to affect quality with a positive effect. To prevent problems such as high heat and evaporation, stress of plant water and physiological diseases, including cracking of fruits, death of flowers and fruits, the temperature of 10, which provides optimal physiological and biochemical processes in plants. A decrease in °C is observed, so their resistance increases. affects plants and the degree of non-loss of yield has been determined. The results of this study were recommended for use as a guideline for all regions with the assistance of the Agency for Horticulture and Greenhouse Development under the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan.
Green bonds’ social license: Singapore case
Authors: Onufrienko Kseniia
Published: May 2023

Green bonds are a viable tool for upturning the established energy producing principles from upside down, based upon the efforts applied from bottom-up rather than the traditional regulatory approach. The intention of this paper is to evaluate the validity and the efficiency of this mechanism in order to compose a scenario of its most probable future sophistication. The outcome seems to be quite promising, regardless of some downfalls on the way, however, the specifications of inflexible fossil fuel-based economies may not allow this mechanism into play that easily. One of the possible solutions in that case could be suggested by the progressive Singaporean framework, supporting green bonds’ advances comprehensively by incentivizing their presence in a hybrid manner both on legislative level and socially. The efficacy of such approach could be proven by time only in the long run, yet the current developments suggest for it to be one of the best practices worthy of reception not only by the energy recipients, but also by the energy producers with customized modifications along the way.
Correlation between background education, willingness to invest into new technology, and success factors of heavy-duty transportation: crane rental business in Samut Sakhon, Thailand
Authors: Vanpetch Yingsak , Sattayathamrongthian Mahachai
Published: May 2023

This research aims to observe and analyze Correlation between Background Education, Willingness to invest into New Technology, and Success Factors of Heavy-Duty Transportation: Crane Rental Business in Samut Sakhon. This research applies the quantitative research method, purposive sampling, the data was collected using reviewed questionnaire. The questionnaire dived into 3 parts: Demographic of the business operators, business background information and perception of the business operators toward future investment. Data collected from 120 crane rental business owner, or management team with least five years-experience in crane renal business. All educational background is positively related. There is no significant correlation between background education and year in business, size of the business and total employee. There is significant correlation between year in business, size of the business and total employee. The respondents agree to invest of all aspect in business. There is significant positive correlation between willingness to invest on human resources management and year in business. There is significant positive correlation between willingness to invest on management technology and total employee.
Choice of an efficient mode of transport on the basis of comparison of technical and economic indicators of types of transport
Authors: Shihnazarov Jamol , Boboev Diyor , Dehkonov Mirali , Ikramova Diyora
Published: May 2023

This article compares the technical and economic indicators of the types of transportation of goods by principle of “from door-to-door”. Analyzes the choice of an effective option. The research considers the possibility of choosing the most efficient option of the least expensive type of transportation, depending on the distance and weight of the cargo being transported. Container transport, contrailer transport, road transport and rail transport in covered wagons were selected as modes of transport.
Dynamic entropy model of transport flows
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Kluger Vit , Sobirov Bobur , Ahrorov Farhod
Published: May 2023

In the process of planning transport systems, it is envisaged to determine the movement of vehicles between conditional areas of the city . In the process, a correspondence matrix is compiled. The dynamic entropy transport model makes it possible to determine the flows of movement between individual districts of the city, taking into account temporary changes in consumer preferences of individuals. The dynamic entropy transport model can be used to solve problems of transport planning in an urban environment and allows taking into account many independent as well as random factors taking into account changes in time. The traditional entropy transport model is based on the hypothesis that individuals in the equilibrium state of the system behave independently, however, in our opinion, this hypothesis somewhat simplifies the problem to a certain extent. And although it can be assumed that different individuals behave in the equilibrium state of the system to a certain extent, independently, at the same time individuals are influenced by external factors, and therefore the behavior of these individuals will depend on the influence of these external factors. The dynamic entropy transport model proposed in this paper makes it possible to take into account temporary changes in consumer preferences among buyers of transport services. The entropic dynamic transport model can be applied in forecasting the traffic of urban agglomerations.
The estimate of innovative development of construction industry in the Kazakhstan
Authors: Kerimkhulle Seyit , Saliyeva Ainur , Makhazhanova Ulzhan , Kerimkulov Zhandos , Adalbek Alibek , Taberkhan Roman
Published: May 2023

In this paper, based on OECD statistical data for 1995-2018 and the Input-Output model, a systematic study of the industrial and innovative development of the construction sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. As, for the Produce / selling and Purchase / buying, the Gross value added and Final demand, the Import and Export transactions of structural agents, estimates are given and the bands of the left-hand critical, the left-sided moderate, the equilibrium, the right-sided moderate, the right-sided critical are confidence intervals constructed. Further, based on the erogeneity of the value of the standard deviation, the distributions of the absolute frequencies of the flows of transactions along the bands of confidence intervals are estimated, which, in turn, allow us to assess the state and condition of equilibrium of the industrial and innovative development of the construction industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Constructive solutions to ensure the safety of the object of historical heritage in conditions of weak foundation soils
Authors: Gandelsman Igor
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes the results of a technical survey of a cultural heritage object. The building is located on the slope of the Oka River. During its existence, the building was rebuilt several times, which led to various design solutions of its individual parts. Additional complexity is associated with the location of the object on the slope, the presence of a significant thickness of bulk soils located under the foundations, high groundwater level, prolonged flooding of the basement of the building. Part of the foundation is made on wooden piles, partially lost during operation. To analyze the current state and determine the ways of reconstruction of the object, calculation schemes were drawn up to perform calculations of general static stability, the boundaries of the slope landslide zone for various cases and deformation of the base at different load levels were determined. The article identifies possible risks, analyzes the main models of the behavior of the soil foundation taking into account negative factors, carries out variant design of structural solutions to strengthen the foundation and foundation structures - by strengthening the foundations with micropiles of the “Titan” or “Atlant” type, or by fixing bulk soils to improve the geotechnical properties of soils with low resistance. The results of the conducted experimental studies and verification calculations emphasize the possibility of ensuring the regulatory operation of the foundation-foundation system, taking into account the improvement of the engineering and geological parameters of the foundation. This article contains an algorithm for the application of constructive solutions for each proposed variant of strengthening the foundation and foundations for the reconstructed object. The application of the research results allows to preserve the object of historical heritage, ensures the safety not only of the reconstructed building, but also of neighboring objects falling into the zone of influence of the object, the stability of the slope on which the object is located.
Computer-aided design of heat supply systems for individual construction
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: May 2023

The use of CAD in various industries in a competitive environment becomes profitable for both the designer and the customer. The subject of the study is a system of computer-aided design of systems for comfortable living on the territory of a country house, private apartment or office work. The considered system makes it possible to increase the economic efficiency of the heating system as a whole.
Theory and practice of organizational and technological design in construction
Authors: Kagan Pavel
Published: May 2023

To achieve the effectiveness of the integrated process of organizational and technological design in construction, it is necessary to use the latest achievements of science in this area, taking into account the experience of their implementation. The main function of organizational and technological design is to model the implementation of construction processes (taking into account the identification and analysis of previous work), determine the options for connections and their priority, and, ultimately, select the most rational organizational and technological solutions that ensure the readiness of facilities and the construction organization for implementation. works. This choice is carried out with the help of a multi-criteria, multi-level assessment of such decisions based on computational and information modeling of construction processes, the choice of organization methods and technology for the production of works, the creation of an information base to provide construction with all types of resources, using information and software and the development of organizational and technological documentation. In Russia, in recent years, project management in the construction industry has become increasingly widespread. This is due to the modern processes of globalization, development and the emergence of common properties of the organizational structures of Russian and foreign construction companies to achieve the effectiveness of the functioning of such organizations. The unification of the target functions of construction organizations makes it possible to obtain a comprehensive, global management structure for efficient construction enterprises, which leads to the development of project management uniformity and the necessary development of organizational and technological design as a necessary stage in the construction of residential, social, cultural or other facilities.
Information support in the management of complex organisational systems
Authors: Masaleva Maria , Nabiullina Viktoria
Published: May 2023

The priority of modern development of socio-economic processes is the trend of widespread implementation of information and digital technologies aimed at automating a variety of activities, including in the agricultural sector. The article deals with the information support in the management of the agroindustrial complex, which is a complex organizational system. The analysis of agroindustrial complexes management areas, their goals and objectives of functioning has been made. Based on the conducted research, the stages of information support and digital support are formed and the structure of the information system, allowing to achieve the strategic goals of management, is offered.
The application of artificial intelligence techniques in credit card fraud detection: a quantitative study
Authors: Dayyabu Yusuf Yusuf , Arumugam Dhamayanthi , Balasingam Suresh
Published: May 2023

Credit card fraud is a major problem that has caused several challenges for practitioners in the accounting and finance industry due to a large number of daily transactions as well as the difficulties encountered in identifying fraudulent transactions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of artificial intelligence techniques as a fraud detection mechanism that can effectively and efficiently detect credit card fraud and identify fraudulent financial transactions. The data was acquired from 100 respondents across the accounting and finance industry and analysed using SPSS. Researcher analysed the data using regression analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and reliability analysis. Findings revealed that the three artificial intelligence techniques machine learning, data mining, and fuzzy logic have a significant positive relationship with credit card fraud detection. However, fuzzy logic was discovered to be the least utilized by experts due to its low accuracy/precision in comparison with machine learning and data mining. Based on these findings, our study concludes that the application of artificial intelligence techniques provides experts with better accuracy and efficiency in detecting fraudulent transactions. Therefore, it is recommended that fraud examiners, auditors, accountants, bankers, and organizations should implement and apply artificial intelligence techniques in order to spot anomalies faster and identify fraudulent financial transactions effectively and efficiently.
Similarity based deep learning model for movie recommendation system
Authors: Sankaran Mahesh , Ganesh E.N.
Published: May 2023

“Movie Recommendation Systems” helps user get relative & relevant items within millions of items. “Movie recommendation system’s” main task is to offer personalized content through information filtering. Here through this paper, we want to develop Similarity Based Deep Learning Model (SDLM) for automatic movie recommendation system. The projected technique is developed to identify the best rated movies and automatic movie recommendation system. This SDLM is a combination of “Spiking Neural Network (SNN)” and “Ebola Optimization Search Algorithm (EOSA)”. In the SNN, the EOSA is utilized to select optimal weighting parameters. The User Profile Correlation-Based Similarity (UPCS) is utilized along with proposed techniques to enable efficient movie recommendation system. To validate the proposed methodology, the movie databases is obtained from the online solutions. The proposed methodology is executed in MATLAB in addition performances can be assessed by “performance measures like recall, precision, accuracy, recall, specificity, sensitivity and F_Measure”. The projected methodology can be compared with the conventional methods such as “ODLM, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)” respectively.
Climate consciousness and behaviour of students of a civil engineering university: problems of education
Authors: Ivanova Zinaida , Yudenkova Olga
Published: May 2023

The article addresses climate change and environmental degradation in many parts of the planet. Cities demonstrate an increase in air temperature; urban heat islets affect human health and rise mortality rates. This requires a change in an approach to urban planning and design, a modified of urban structure, which in turn require better environmental and climate education for students who are future civil engineers, urban planners and architects. The article discusses the results of a sociological survey conducted among students of National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NRU MGSU), which demonstrates their climate consciousness, understanding climate change triggers, as well as the willingness to combat the negative effects of climate change. The primary data, obtained in the course of the survey, were compared with the data other surveys, launched by the All-Russian Public opinion Research Centre (VCIOM), research holding ROMIR, and Eurobarometer. The conclusion was that some students of MGSU were poorly informed of the extent of climate change. In general, they judge correctly about their causes and consequences, take some actions to prevent and mitigate the scale of disasters, but that's not enough. It is necessary to improve environmental and climate education and practical training of students through improvement of educational programmes.
Culturological analysis of the popularization of physical culture and sports in the Moscow metro
Authors: Kindzerskaya Marina , Ivleva Marina , Mamedova Natalia , Savinchenko Tatiana , Sokolov Mikhail
Published: May 2023

The term "sport" is often used as a synonym for the concept of "physical culture". Physical culture is a collective concept that includes the whole range of achievements accumulated in the process of socio-historical development of the people: the level of health, sports skills, works of culture and art related to physical education, etc. In the USSR, the development of physical culture and sports was given great importance. Evidence of this is not only sports facilities, but also Moscow metro stations, in the design or name of which there is a theme of physical culture and sports. The Moscow Metro is included in the list of attractions that tourists must visit in the Russian capital. The purpose of this study is to study the stations of the Moscow metro, the decoration of which is associated with sports themes. In addition to traditional methods, a relatively new method was used in the study – microurbanism, which allows a detailed approach to the study of historical, artistic and other values of individual stations of the Moscow Metro. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the study of cultural, historical and artistic features of metro stations related to the topic of physical culture and sports
Methodological foundations of the study institutional environment of small industrial enterprises
Authors: Kurpayanidi Konstantin
Published: May 2023

The trend of scientific research in recent years is the actualization of the need to transform institutions in Uzbekistan, but despite this, there is still no common understanding of how, when and in which direction institutional innovations should be introduced. The problem is complicated by the fact that there are practically no scientific works on the quantitative assessment of the quality of the institutional environment of small industrial enterprises. The domestic institutional school has not yet developed methodological tools adequate to the specifics of national small industrial enterprises (SMEs), which could be used in the processes of research, evaluation and implementation of institutional transformations in this sector of industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze modern theories and methodology of research of the institutional environment of small industrial enterprises. Methodology of the work: the study was carried out using the methods of theoretical analysis, formalization, classification, statistical analysis, as well as synthesis, deduction and induction. Conclusion: as a result of the research, it is concluded that both in Uzbekistan and abroad there is a shortage of concepts that have been worked out not only at the theoretical level, but also at the empirical level, i.e. brought to practical application in relation to a specific "problem field" of the institutional environment.
Retraction Note: Institutional and legal framework of development of customs risk management
Authors: Razumei Halyna , Razumei Maksym , Huba Oleksandr , Kovalov Viktor , Abuselidze George , Karpeko Nadiia
Published: May 2023

The Guest Editor(s) and the authors have retracted this article. Actually, due to an unintentional oversight, the authors failed to disclose a conflict of interest that might have affected interpretations of the work and recommendations by peer reviewers. The Publisher approved to the retraction.
Statistical analysis of network problems and their impact on the practice of social computing in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khusenov Murodjon , Sharipova Lobar
Published: May 2023

Social computing is considered part of computer science, which studies the interaction of social behavior with computing systems. It is designed to create, maintain and recreate social conventions and social contexts using various programs and technologies. In this article, the level of use of the social network in various cities of Uzbekistan and the problems encountered during its use were considered. There are many social networks for the dissemination and receipt of information in the course of this study, a survey of faculty, students, specialists, employees, commercial and non-profit organizations was conducted in the form of an online survey and the level of use of social networks was determined based on the results of the survey.
Automation of the process of coordinating project work
Authors: Garyaeva Venera , Garyaev Andrey , Parfenov Sergey
Published: May 2023

The article explores the benefits of using specialised tools and technologies to simplify and accelerate the coordination of project work. This includes the use of project management software, electronic communication and collaboration systems, and tools for project progress tracking and risk management. The main purpose of automation is to increase efficiency and simplify tasks for project participants. The article discusses the various ways in which automation can improve project outcomes, including better communication, faster decision-making and better risk management. Overall, the article highlights the benefits of automation in coordinating project work and provides insight into how organizations can successfully implement these tools and technologies.
Approach to the assessment of the competitiveness of real estate objects in retail
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Dovganeva Yuliya , Pogorelov Nikolay
Published: May 2023

In the last few years, due to economic, political and social events, the situation in the retail real estate market has changed significantly. As consumers increasingly choose to shop online, shopping malls are shifting from multi-vendor and branded merchandise to multifunctional spaces that combine fitness, catering and entertainment areas, business meeting spaces and organization of exhibitions. The desire of buyers to save time, as well as satiety with the usual shopping format, contributes to the introduction of new technologies and retail formats by retailers. The purpose of the study is to identify key indicators of the competitiveness of real estate in retail. Research objectives: analysis of trends in the retail real estate market of St. Petersburg, determination of an integral indicator of the competitiveness of retail real estate objects. Research methods: comparison, analysis and synthesis, generalizations, peer review method. As a result of the study, key factors of competitiveness were identified and a methodology for calculating the competitiveness index of retail real estate objects was presented.
Australian housing market: a descriptive study on key issues around housing affordability relevance to international university students in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Hassan Shahid , Chuen Poon Wai , Alisa Ibiwani
Published: May 2023

Accommodation plays a crucial role in the attainment of quality education. International students are not eligible for housing benefits in most developed countries, including Australia. This, coupled with most Australian universities’ non-residential student accommodation policy, increases the housing affordability implications to international students. This study looks at the housing affordability experience of international students studying at three major public universities in Melbourne, including the University of Melbourne, Victoria University, and Monash University, to examine issues surrounding housing affordability relevance to international university students and their future prospects. This descriptive cross-sectional study employed a semi-structured survey questionnaire consisting of close and open-ended questions to collect data. The data was gathered from 100 international students. The responses to open-ended questions were quantified using content analysis and data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The study found the majority of international students experience housing affordability issues in Melbourne. To cope with high accommodation costs, the international students share rooms with other students at the expense of diminished privacy and accommodation congestion. Also, the evidence suggests financial stress and having to live in substandard accommodation has a detrimental effect on international students’ personal development. The data gathered from open-ended questions further observed that most of the student’s expectations of living in individual rentals changed after arriving in Australia to shared-room accommodation due to lower housing affordability. Most international university students feel insecure about their outlook in Australia due to lower housing affordability, and accommodation costs will be a top consideration in their future decisions involving settlement in foreign countries.
Incendies Dispositifs, objectivations et figures du surmoi de notre modernité
Authors: Lévy Alexandre
Published: May 2023

Notre travail aborde certaines conséquences psychopathologiques des dispositifs modernes, notamment ceux liés à la gestion des ressources humaines et au management. L’hypothèse de travail ici développée est que le renouvellement formel des symptômes est à la mesure des formes modernes d’aliénations sociales ainsi que des divers modes de jouissances mis à disposition, tout en soulignant plus fondamentalement le pouvoir du signifiant sur l’orientation de la jouissance du parlant. Notre démarche procède d’une réflexion menée à partir de la clinique de l’épuisement professionnel aussi bien que celle de l’addiction dans ses diverses formes, nous invitant à dégager l’implication de l’objet petitaainsi que des formes actualisées et renouvelées du surmoi freudien, différentes des formes issues du « Malaise dans la civilisation », initialement paru en 1929.
Les sources chinoises et grecques du transfert à Lacan en Chine
Authors: Hoffmann Christian
Published: May 2023

Zhuangzi est très connu par son célèbre rêve du papillon. Il est considéré comme le deuxième maître taoïste après Laozi. Il a ouvert la voie à un retour sur soi en mettant le sujet à l’écoute de son dire. L’auteur de cette thèse est le sinologue Jean-François Billeter, qui à partir de cette adresse au sujet par Zhuangzi, opère un rapprochement saisissant avec Héraclite. Lacan commente le rêve du papillon et nous permet d’apporter une contribution psychanalytique à cette théorie du sujet dans la pensée philosophique chinoise.
Semaphorin 4C accelerates disease progression and enables disease detection in breast cancer
Authors: Li Huayi , Li Xin , Xu Sen , Xia Yu , Zhang Hongfeng , Gao Qinglei
Published: May 2023

Semaphorins constitute a diverse family of widely expressed transmembrane, diffusible, and GPI-linked proteins with versatile physiologic functions in orchestrating nerve system development, immune homeostasis, angiogenesis, and cell metabolism. Accumulating evidence highlights semaphorins as essential regulators of tumorigenesis by coordinating the cell-cell communications in the tumor microenvironment. Semaphorin 4C (SEMA4C) is a member of the fourth class of semaphorins with high affinity to Plexin-B2 and its interplay with cancer has long been a significant knowledge gap. Here, this perspective summarizes the recent progress in the understanding of SEMA4C in cancer and comprehensively delineates the discovery of SEMA4C in lymphatic vessels of breast cancer, the mechanisms by which SEMA4C promotes the invasiveness, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance of breast cancer, and the explorations of leveraging serum SEMA4C in breast cancer detection, highlighting SEMA4C as a critical driver of breast cancer progression, an effective biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis, and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
Psychotherapie in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Schroth Sarah
Published: May 2023

Definitionen, Fakten, Relevantes – die PiD-Essentials fassen die wichtigsten Informationen zum Thema des Heftes knapp und übersichtlich für Sie zusammen.
Telemedizin in der Kardiologie – was ist neu?
Authors: Schneider David , Köhler Kerstin , Köhler Friedrich
Published: May 2023

Was ist neu?

Aktuelle Leitlinien zum Telemonitoring bei chronischer Herzinsuffizienz Die telemedizinische Mitbetreuung führt bei Risikopatienten zur Reduktion von Herzinsuffizienz-Hospitalisierungen und zu einer Lebensverlängerung. Deshalb hat der Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss (G-BA) das Telemonitoring bei Patienten mit einer Herzinsuffizienz als eigenständige Methode anerkannt und zur Abrechnung als Regelleistung der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen zugelassen. Damit haben seit 2022 in Deutschland ca. 200000 Patient*innen einen Anspruch auf eine telemedizinische Mitbetreuung. Die Implementierung in den kardiologischen Praxisbetrieb ist komplex, weil sie neben der Einführung der telemedizinischen Technik die Strukturierung zahlreicher Prozesse wie Patientenschulungen, die Erarbeitung von „Standard operation procedures” (SOPs) beim Vitaldatenmonitoring sowie Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen umfasst.

Aktuelle Studienlage In den letzten 3 Jahren wurden mehrere randomisierte klinische Studien, überwiegend mit dem Ziel der Indikationserweiterung, durchgeführt. Dazu wurden mit der bereits in vorangegangenen Studien positiv geprüften Telemedizintechnologie neue Patientengruppen untersucht. Die größte Studie bildete dabei die GUIDE-HF-Studie mit 1022 Patienten im funktionellen Stadium NYHA II–IV, in der ein hämodynamisch basiertes Telemonitoring getestet wurde. Bereits im Jahr 2011 war mit der gleichen Technologie in der CHAMPION-Trial-Studie eine signifikante Senkung von Herzinsuffizienz-Hospitalisierungen nachgewiesen worden. Die GUIDE-HF-Studie zeigte ein neutrales primäres Studienergebnis. Als ursächlich gilt der Einfluss der COVID-Pandemie auf den Studienverlauf.

Innovative telemedizinische Sensortechnologien Entwicklungsschwerpunkt in der Telemedizintechnik bilden aktuell neue Sensoren für eine bessere klinische Charakterisierung des pulmonalen Flüssigkeitsstatus. Neben dem bisher alleinigen System zur drahtlosen Messung des Pulmonalisdrucks mit dem System CARDIOMEMS gibt es jetzt ein weiteres System (Cordella). Außerdem ist nun ein System zur drahtlosen Messung des linksatrialen Drucks (V-LAP) verfügbar. Ein weiterer Forschungsansatz ist die Stimmanalyse von Patienten über ein Smart Device, in der eine Bewertung des pulmonalen Flüssigkeitsstatus möglich sein könnte. Dabei kommen Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz zur Anwendung.
Clostridioides difficile – Neue Erkenntnisse und Therapieempfehlungen
Authors: Schönherr Sebastian , Jung Laura , Lübbert Christoph
Published: May 2023

Was ist neu?

Epidemiologie In einer aktuellen epidemiologischen Arbeit zeigt sich ein seit 2013 rückläufiger Trend von Clostridioides-difficile-Infektionen (CDI) in Deutschland, zusammen mit einer Abnahme des Anteils hypervirulenter Ribotypen (vor allem RT 027 und RT 078). Dennoch bleibt die Krankheitslast hoch und insbesondere ältere und vorerkrankte Patientinnen und Patienten sind häufig betroffen. Aktuelle US-amerikanische Daten zeigen, dass bei älteren Patientinnen und Patienten insbesondere CDI-Rezidive, assoziierte psychiatrische Diagnosen wie Depressionen sowie Folgeerkrankungen wie Sepsis eine hohe Krankheitslast für Betroffene darstellen.

Mikrobiologie Neue Studien liefern Erkenntnisse zum Zusammenspiel von C. difficile mit anderen Darmpathogenen; so scheinen Koinfektionen mit Enterokokken zu einer erhöhten Virulenz von C. difficile beizutragen.

Neue europäische Therapieleitlinie Nach der 2021 aktualisierten ESCMID-Leitlinie ist Fidaxomicin aufgrund des geringeren Rezidivrisikos Mittel der ersten Wahl für erstmalig auftretende und rezidivierende CDI. Metronidazol dagegen sollte nur dann zum Einsatz kommen, wenn weder Fidaxomicin noch Vancomycin zur Verfügung stehen. Die fäkale Mikrobiota-Transplantation (FMT) hat sich im Rahmen eines individuellen Heilversuchs zur Behandlung mehrfach rezidivierender CDI etabliert; allerdings wurden die regulatorischen Auflagen dafür im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie weiter verschärft. Auch bei refraktär verlaufender fulminanter CDI kann die FMT als Alternative zur chirurgischen Intervention erwogen werden.

Weitere Behandlungsmöglichkeiten Mit dem Small-Molecule-Antibiotikum Ridinilazol könnte in Zukunft neben Fidaxomicin ein weiteres CDI-Antibiotikum mit schmalem Wirkspektrum und kaum enteraler Resorption zur Verfügung stehen. Die orale Mikrobiota-Therapie mittels aufgereinigter Firmicutes-Sporen (SER-109) zeigte in einer aktuellen Phase-III-Studie vielversprechende Ergebnisse und könnte in Zukunft durch die Anwendung in oralen Kapseln eine unkomplizierte Alternative zur FMT darstellen.

Toxoid-Impfstoff Die Hoffnungen auf einen gut wirksamen Toxoid-Impfstoff zur Primär- und Sekundärprävention von CDI haben sich in der CLOVER-Studie leider nicht erfüllt.
Evolving the Cybersecurity of Clinical Photography in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Spoer Daisy L. , Junn Alexandra , Bovill John D. , Haffner Zoë K. , Abadeer Andrew I. , Baker Stephen B.
Published: May 2023

Point-of-care photography and photo sharing optimize patient outcomes and facilitate remote consultation imperative for resident surgeons. This literature review and external pilot survey study highlight the risks associated with current practices concerning patient privacy and biometric security. In a survey of 30 plastic surgeon residents and attendings, we found that the majority took photos of patients with their iPhones and shared them with colleagues via Apple iMessage. These findings corroborate previous reports and highlight a lack of physician user acceptance of secure photo-sharing platforms. Finally, we frame a successful example from the literature in the context of a postulated framework for institutional change. Prioritizing the privacy and safety of patients requires a strategic approach that preserves the ease and frequency of use of current practices.
Anesthetic Fade in Intraoperative Transcranial Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring Is Mainly due to Decreased Synaptic Transmission at the Neuromuscular Junction by Propofol Accumulation
Authors: Tanaka Satoshi , Yamamoto Kenta , Yoshida Shinsuke , Tomio Ryosuke , Fujimoto Takeshi , Osaka Misuzu , Ishikawa Toshio , Shimizu Tsunemasa , Akao Norio , Nishimatsu Terutaka
Published: May 2023

Background We previously reported that normalization of motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring amplitude by compound muscle action potential (CMAP) after peripheral nerve stimulation prevented the expression of anesthetic fade (AF), suggesting that AF might be due to reduced synaptic transfer in the neuromuscular junction.

Methods We calculated the time at which AF began for each of craniotomy and spinal cord surgery, and examined whether AF was avoided by CMAP after peripheral nerve stimulation normalization in each. Similar studies were also made with respect to the upper and lower limb muscles.

Results AF was observed in surgery lasting 160 minutes for craniotomy and 260 minutes or more for spinal surgery, and 195 minutes in the upper limb muscles and 135 minutes in the lower limb muscles. In all the series, AF could be avoided by CMAP after peripheral nerve stimulation normalization.

Conclusion AF of MEP occurred in both craniotomy and spinal cord surgery, and it was also corrected by CMAP after peripheral nerve stimulation. AF is considered to be mainly due to a decrease in synaptic transfer of the neuromuscular junction due to the accumulation of propofol because of the avoidance by CMAP normalization. However, it may be partially due to a decrease in the excitability of pyramidal tracts and α-motor neurons, because AF occurred earlier in the lower limb muscles than in the upper limb muscles.
Synthesis of Furo- and Thienoquinolines by Using an Amine Oxidase-Inspired Catalyst
Authors: Maji Biplab , Thorve Pradip Ramdas
Published: May 2023

We report the regioselective synthesis of furo- and thienoquinolines by using an amine oxidase-inspired catalyst (1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) and an abundant Lewis acid (FeCl3) as a co-catalyst. The aerobic amine dehydrogenation proceeds under mild conditions and produces the quinolines in high yields. Mechanistic studies helped to identify the possible reaction intermediates and the specific role of the catalyst in the multistep cascade.
Early Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair of Uncomplicated Type B Thoracic Aortic Dissection: An Aorta Team Approach
Authors: Ammar Khawaja A. , McDiarmid Matthew , Richards Lauren , Mewissen Mark W. , Jan M. Fuad , Weiss Eric S. , Bajwa Tanvir
Published: May 2023

Background Although uncomplicated Type B aortic dissection (uTBAD) is traditionally treated with optimal medical therapy (OMT) as per guidelines, recent studies, performed primarily in interventional radiology or surgical operating rooms, suggest superiority of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) over OMT due to recent advancements in endovascular technologies. We report a large, single-center, case control study of TEVAR versus OMT in this population, undertaken solely in a cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) with a cardiologist and surgeon. We aimed to determine if TEVAR for uTBAD results in better outcomes compared with OMT.

Methods This was a retrospective chart review of all patients with uTBAD during the last 13 years, with 46 cases (TEVAR group) and 56 controls (OMT group).

Results In the TEVAR group, the procedure duration of 2.5 hours resulted in 100% procedural success for stent placement, with 63% undergoing protective left subclavian artery bypass, 0% mortality or stroke, and a lower readmission rate (1 vs. 2%; p = 0.04 in early TEVAR cases), but a longer length of stay (12.9 vs. 8.5 days: p = 0.006). The risk of all-cause long-term mortality was markedly reduced in the TEVAR group (RR = 0.38; p = 0.01), irrespective of early (<14 days) versus late intervention. On follow-up computed tomography imaging, the false lumen stabilized or decreased in 85% of cases, irrespective of intervention timing.

Conclusion TEVAR performed solely in the CCL is safe and effective, with lower all-cause mortality than OMT. These data, in collaboration with previous data on TEVAR in different settings, call for consideration of an update of practice guidelines.