bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appetite Is Suppressed After Full-Body Resistance Exercise Compared With Split-Body Resistance Exercise: The Potential Influence of Lactate and Autonomic Modulation
Authors: Freitas Marcelo Conrado de , Ricci-Vitor Ana L. , de Oliveira Joao Vitor N.S. , Quizzini Giovanni Henrique , Vanderlei Luiz C.M. , Silva Bruna S.A. , Zanchi Nelo Eidy , Cholewa Jason M. , Lira Fabio S. , Rossi Fabrício Eduardo
Published: June 2019

Conrado de Freitas, M, Ricci-Vitor, AL, de Oliveira, JVNS, Quizzini, GH, Vanderlei, LCM, Silva, BSA, Zanchi, NE, Cholewa, JM, Lira, FS, and Rossi, FE. Appetite is suppressed after full-body resistance exercise compared with split-body resistance exercise: the potential influence of lactate and autonomic modulation. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2532–2540, 2021—The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of full- vs. split-body resistance training on appetite and leptin response and to verify the potential involvement of lactate and autonomic modulation during this response in trained men. Twelve recreationally resistance-trained men (age = 26.1 ± 5.5 years) performed 3 randomized trials in 3 conditions: upper body (UB), lower body (LB), and full body (FB). The subjective rating of hunger was obtained through a visual analog scale. Leptin and lactate concentration were evaluated at rest, immediately after exercise, and during recovery. Heart rate variability in the time and frequency domains was recorded at baseline and during recovery (until 60 minutes after exercise) to assess autonomic modulation. The FB condition induced lower subjective hunger ratings than the UB at Post-1 hour (p < 0.05) and a significant difference in the area under the curve between conditions (p = 0.028) with lower hunger sensation for FB in relation to UB (p = 0.041). The FB presented greater lactate concentration and induced slower heart rate variability recovery in relation to UB and LB conditions (p < 0.05), and heart rate variability remained lower until 60 minutes after exercise compared with rest only in the FB condition. There was a significant negative correlation between subjective hunger ratings and lactate concentration only for the FB condition (r = −0.72, p = 0.028). Full-body resistance exercise induced lower subjective hunger ratings after exercise in relation to UB resistance exercise. The FB also induced higher lactate production and slower recovery of autonomic modulation compared with the UB and LB conditions. Future research is necessary to investigate a mechanistic relationship between lactate concentrations and hunger suppression after resistance exercise.
Effect of Plyometric Training and Biological Maturation on Jump and Change of Direction Ability in Female Youth
Authors: Davies Michael J. , Drury Benjamin , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Chaabane Helmi , Moran Jason
Published: June 2019

Davies, MJ, Drury, B, Ramirez-Campillo, R, Chaabane, H, and Moran, J. Effect of plyometric training and biological maturation on jump and change of direction ability in female youth. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2690–2697, 2021—Biological maturation has been shown to affect male youths' responses to plyometric training (PT). However, to date, no researcher has examined the effect of maturation on the effects of PT in female youth. We undertook the first controlled intervention study to examine this, focusing on adaptive responses to countermovement jump (CMJ), reactive strength index (RSI), and change of direction (COD) performance in groups of female youth divided by maturation status (years from peak height velocity [PHV]). The training program lasted 7 weeks with subjects undertaking 2 sessions of PT per week. In the mid-PHV group, there was a small increase (effect size; 90% confidence interval = 0.40; −0.23 to 1.03) in CMJ performance. No changes were observed in the post-PHV group (0.02; −0.68 to 0.72). For RSI, there was a moderate increase in the mid-PHV group (0.94; 0.29–1.59) with only a trivial increase in the post-PHV group (0.06; −0.65 to 0.76). The intervention exerted no positive effect on COD performance in any group. Plyometric training seems to enhance CMJ and RSI in female youth, although the magnitude of adaptation could be affected by maturation status. A twice-per-week program of multidirectional jumping and hopping, with bilateral and unilateral components, can be used as a preparatory precursor to physical education classes or recreational sport.
Effect of Ballistic Potentiation Protocols on Elite Sprint Swimming: Optimizing Performance
Authors: Waddingham Daniel P. , Millyard Alison , Patterson Stephen D. , Hill Jessica
Published: June 2019

Waddingham, DP, Millyard, A, Patterson, SD, and Hill, J. Effect of ballistic potentiation protocols on elite sprint swimming: optimizing performance. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2833–2838, 2021—Warming-up before an athletic event is important for performance; however, in some competition scenarios, there is a long wait between completing the warm-up and the event. Thus, potentiation protocols are becoming increasingly popular in a competition environment. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of practical potentiation protocols on 15-m start performance in national level swimmers. Eleven national level swimmers participated in the study. Using a randomized cross-over design, subjects completed a 15-m swimming start following 4 different experimental conditions (swim-specific control, resisted band squat, weighted countermovement jumps, and drop jumps from a 45-cm box), each separated by at least 48 hours. A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant difference in 15-m swimming start performance following different warm-up protocols (F
(1.646, 14.810) = 6.968, p = 0.01). A post hoc Bonferroni test indicated that 15-m start time was significantly quicker with the band squat protocol compared with the swim-specific protocol (6.65 ± 0.43 vs. 6.78 ± 0.43 seconds, respectively, p = 0.04). The results conclude that practical potentiation protocols are able to enhance 15-m swim start performance when combined with a swim-specific warm-up and supports the use of postactivation potentiation during competitive swimming environments.
A Device for the Simultaneous Determination of the Water Retention Properties and the Hydraulic Conductivity Function of an Unsaturated Coarse Material; Application to a Green-Roof Volcanic Substrate
Authors: Stanić Filip , Cui Yu-Jun , Delage Pierre , De Laure Emmanuel , Versini Pierre-Antoine , Schertzer Daniel , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia
Published: June 2019

The determination of the water retention curve (WRC) and hydraulic conductivity function (HCF) of a specific volcanic coarse granular material used as a substrate for urban green roofs in Europe was carried out on a newly developed specific device in which low suctions, typical of coarse granular materials, were controlled. Smaller suctions (up to 32 kPa) were imposed by using a hanging column system, and larger suctions (between 32 and 50 kPa) were imposed by using the axis translation technique in the same cell. The changes in suction during the tests were monitored by using a high accuracy differential pressure transducer. They were also used to determine the HCF by means of both Kunze and Kirkham’s and Gardner’s methods. The former technique was used at low suctions (<4 kPa) to account for the impedance effects due to the high air entry value ceramic porous disk and the latter was used between 4 and 50 kPa. Good comparability was observed in the data from both methods, demonstrating the good performance of the device. The mathematical expressions of the WRC of van Genuchten and Brooks and Corey were used, and a good fitting with our experimental data was obtained. Conversely, the HCFs derived from these expressions appeared to lead to a significant underestimation, confirming the need of an operational and simple device for the experimental determination of the HCF. Also, this material proved to be an appropriate material for green urban infrastructures, because of its lightweight, satisfactory water retention capability and hydraulic conductivity.
Ibrahim Nasrallah's Palestine Comedies: Liberating the Nation Form
Authors: Parr Nora
Published: June 2019

Conceptually linked, noncontiguous, and undeniably national, Ibrahim Nasrallah's book series Al-milhat al-filastiniyya (The Palestine Comedies) breaks conceptual ground. Told across twelve volumes, the Comedies represents the long-called for Palestinian national novel, though in unconventional form. The series uses diverse literary devices, including intertextuality and the archetype of the twin, to demonstrate how formal innovations can redirect assumptions about what constitutes not only a national novel, but also a nation. The series reimagines relationships between space, time, and people, giving narrative shape to a community so often imagined as fragments. Abandoning the retrospective prerequisite of bounded sovereign space and homogeneous, linear time, the Comedies imagines a “nation constellation.” A close examination of two novels within the series, A'ras amna (2004) and Tifl al-mimhat (2000), shows how Palestinian relationships can be imagined outside existing national logics. It reads the constellation as an alternative nation form that can both encompass colonial frameworks and free the delimitation of Palestine from the dominance of power structures that only begin with the nation-state.
Fracturing Communities: Aid Distribution in a Palestinian Refugee Camp
Authors: Issa Perla
Published: June 2019

This article examines the practices of humanitarian aid distribution from the perspective of aid recipients rather than providers through an immersion in the daily home life of Palestinian residents of Nahr al-Barid refugee camp (north Lebanon) in 2011. It argues that in the name of distributing aid fairly, humanitarian aid providers put in place a pervasive system of surveillance to monitor, evaluate, and compare residents' misery levels by relying on locally recruited aid workers. This regime of visibility was designed to be one directional; NGOs never disclosed how much aid they had available, nor when or how it would be distributed. The inclusion of local aid workers in this opaque framework turned a process that relied on community and neighborhood ties into an impersonal machine that fostered doubt and suspicion and ultimately hindered the community's ability to engage in collective political action.
Envious Reading: Margaret Oliphant on George Eliot
Authors: Michie Elsie B.
Published: June 2019

Elsie B. Michie, “Envious Reading: Margaret Oliphant on George Eliot” (pp. 87–111)

This essay maps out a model of influence that is not deterministic but instead addresses historical “conditions,” the proximity of authors’ lives to their work, the relationship among texts, and how we read (or fail to read) all those interactions. Using the work of Sianne Ngai and other theoreticians of envy, it presents envy as a productive emotion that drives authors to contemplate the circumstances that make their lives and writing both similar to and different from those of their rivals. It tracks the workings of envy through Margaret Oliphant’s relation to George Eliot, arguing that in the novel Hester: A Story of Contemporary Life (1883) Oliphant created a story centered on envy in order to work through her relation to her more powerful and famous precursor. Depicting two hostile women, who are gradually brought close by being forced to understand each other’s circumstances, Oliphant also used Hester to rework the Eliot novel she loved best, The Mill on the Floss (1860), such that it reflected the circumstances of her own life as much as Eliot’s. Oliphant’s envious reading of Eliot reconfigures the relation between authors, between texts, between lives and works, between readers and what they read. Replacing the linear, generational conception of influence as indebtedness with an image of circumstances that ebb and flow, envious reading opens up a space of creative flux and contingency that points to the present and future as much as to the past.
Cross-Cultural Digital Storywork: A Framework for Engagement with/in Indigenous Communities
Authors: Stanton Christine Rogers , Hall Brad , Ricciardelli Lucia
Published: June 2019

While Indigenous peoples have long urged attention to Six Rs (respect, relevance, reciprocity, responsibility, relationality, and representation) that are important to community-engaged work, application of these principles has been sporadic within the filmmaking industry. Many Indigenous communities do not have the technical expertise and/or resources needed to support professional quality audiovisual production. As a result, they rely on predominantly White filmmakers from beyond the community. Unfortunately, mainstream filmmaking practices have historically demonstrated a disregard for Indigenous ways of knowing, and a scarcity of meaningful relationships between filmmakers and community members has further contributed to a legacy of insensitive filmmaking within Indigenous contexts. In addition, internet-based distribution of cultural content raises questions about post-production sovereignty. In this project, Tribal College (TC) students and faculty partnered with students and faculty from a Predominantly White Institution (PWI) to develop culturally sustaining and revitalizing documentaries using storywork, digital storytelling, ethnocinema, and community-centered participatory research. Throughout the Digital Histories Project, TC participants gained technical expertise, PWI participants learned about culturally sustaining/revitalizing filmmaking, and faculty leaders identified ways to support use of the Six Rs within social science, history, and teacher education. Results offer methodological and pedagogical insights for scholars, educators, tribal leaders, and filmmakers.
Dynamic reliability analysis of a multi-state manufacturing system
Authors: Iscioglu Funda , Kocak Aydın
Published: June 2019

Dynamic reliability analysis of binary systems has been widely studied in case of homogeneous continuous time Markov process
assumption in the literature. In this study, we evaluate dynamic performance of a multi-state rotor line of electric motors manufacturing system under non-homogeneous continuous time Markov process (NHCTMP) degradation by using lifetime distributions of
seven workstations within the system. By means of this degradation process assumption we capture the effect of age on the state
change of components in the analysis by means of time dependent transition rates between states of the workstations. Essentially
this is typical of many systems and more practical to use in real life applications. The working principle is based on a three state
structure. If all the machines within each workstation work, the workstation is defined as working with the full performance.
Whenever at least one machine fails within each workstation, then the workstation is defined as working with partial performance.
If all the machines in the workstation fail then the workstation is defined as failed. The lifetime properties of the workstations
under NHCTMP assumption have been studied for this three-state structure of the workstations. The workstations are all working
independently and nonidentically from each other and they are connected in series within the system.We especially performed an
extensive application study based on the lifetime data regarding the seven workstations within a manufacturing system. Dynamic
reliability results are also discussed for the system structure. Some performance characteristics are developed for both workstations and the system as well. Numerical results for the performance characteristics of those workstations and the system are
provided and supported with some graphical illustrations.
Remaining useful life prediction model of the space station
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Huang Hong-Zhong , Li Fuqiu , Ren Liming
Published: June 2019

Space station is a very complex system, and its remaining useful life will be affected by the key equipment, cosmonauts’ maintenance activities as well as space environments. It is important for the operation management of a space station to predict its remaining useful life (RUL). A valid RUL prediction model is the key foundation for this issue, which motivates the research presented in this paper. Firstly, different types of space station life are defined. Secondly, the function and performance requirements as well as the operation mission program of the space station are analysed, which are further used to confirm the model development precondition. A life prediction model is then proposed by synthetically taking account of the safety, reliability and maintainability restrictions. Finally, the data requirement for supporting the RUL prediction is determined. Based on this work, a comprehensive procedure for RUL prediction model development is constructed for the operation management engineers of the space station. If the data of the development and operation is adequate, RUL prediction of the space station can be well implemented, and can be further leveraged to support the space station operation management.
Driver reliability and behavior study based on a car simulator station tests in ACC system scenarios
Authors: Papis Mateusz , Jastrzębski Dominik , Kopyt Antoni , Matyjewski Marek , Mirosław Marcin
Published: June 2019

Nowadays Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) are becoming more popular in car equipment. During ADAS development
process it is necessary to prepare numerical models and perform simulation tests, so the systems could be safely implemented.
However, because these systems are directly connected to a human – machine interface, volunteer tests on a car simulator are
conducted. They are indispensable for testing the correct operation of the system, but above all for showing differences in the operation of the system and a driver in terms of human reliability. Presented research shows results of simulator tests in two cases:
extra - urban and mixed scenarios. The tests were classic, tracking tasks in which the driver was required to keep a safe, predefined
distance from the leading car. Consequently, the results of experiments were compared to results of the reference car performance,
i.e. the car equipped with Adaptative Cruise Control system. It made possible to assess the driver reliability. Moreover, questionnaire tests (NASA TLX) were also applied to assess subjects’ workload. Finally, results of volunteers’ rides were compared to
results of a simulation with use a driver model based on fuzzy logic. This model, in the future, may be used in development of a
car simulator equipped with ADAS.
A system reliability-based design optimization for the scraper chain of scraper conveyors with dependent failure modes
Authors: Shuai Li , Zhencai Zhu , Hao Lu , Gang Shen
Published: June 2019

With the incomplete probability information, the joint probability distribution modelling and system reliability-based optimization
design of structural systems with failure interactions are challenging problems in the domain of reliability. This article is designed
to propose a system reliability-based optimization design method for optimizing the scraper chain with multiple failure modes.
Firstly, the common failure modes of the scraper chain are analysed. For each failure mode, a reliability model for the failure
of scraper chains is obtained. Secondly, aiming at the joint failure probability modelling problem, a method for estimating the
failure probability of the scraper chain based on system reliability is proposed. The reliability of scraper chains is calculated by
the stochastic perturbation technique and the four-moment method. And then, the optimization design problem is discussed based
on system reliability. And the optimal model is established. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by the illustrative
example of scraper chains. The proposed joint failure probability estimation method and design optimization are shown in the
example. The results obtained can provide a reference for the optimal design of the scraper chain.
Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index in Debonding of Stainless Steel Brackets Assisted with Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation
Authors: Nasiri Maryam , Mirhashemi Seyed Amir Hossein , Etemadi Ardavan , Kharazi Fard Mohammad Javad , Soltanmohamadi Borujeni Elahe , Javaheri Mahd Maryam , Khazaei Pegah , Ahmad Akhoundi Mohammad Sadegh
Published: June 2019

Objectives: The purpose was to compare shear bond strength (SBS), pulp temperature, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) in debonding of stainless steel brackets from enamel surface using neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser versus the conventional debonding method.
Materials and Methods: Forty-eight extracted premolars were bonded to stainless steel brackets. The samples were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. In the first three groups, Nd:YAG laser was used for debonding with the power of 1, 1.5, and 2 W, respectively, for 10 seconds. The SBS and ARI of the samples were assessed. Pulp temperature was recorded before and after irradiation. Two samples from each group were used for determining enamel morphology after debonding using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: The mean SBS in the groups was 33.05, 28.69, 24.37, and 31.53 MPa, respectively, with no statistically significant differences (P=0.205). Significant differences in post-irradiation temperature were noted among the lased groups (P=0.000). Debonding mainly occurred at the adhesive-enamel interface in the 1-W laser and control groups and at the bracket-adhesive interface in the 1.5-W and 2-W laser groups. Enamel structure was amorphous and irregular following laser irradiation.
Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the use of Nd:YAG laser could not significantly affect the SBS. Therefore, this laser would not be suitable for debonding of metal brackets. The use of a 2-W laser could significantly raise the pulpal temperature. Nd:YAG laser renders a more heterogeneous enamel morphology compared to conventional debonding methods.
Surface Roughness of Different Composite Resins After Application of 15% Carbamide Peroxide and Brushing with Toothpaste: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Jafari Navimipour Elmira , Ajami Amir Ahmad , Savadi Oskoee Siavash , Abed Kahnamou Mehdi , Bahari Mahmoud , Shojaei Seyedeh Maryam
Published: June 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of toothbrushing after application of 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) on the surface roughness of three types of composite resins.
Materials and Methods: Twenty samples, measuring 4 mm in height and diameter, were fabricated of three composite resins namely microfilled (MF) Heliomolar HB, nanohybrid (NH) IPS Empress Direct and microhybrid (MH) Tetric Ceram HB. After polishing, the initial surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. The tray technique was used to apply 15% CP gel for 6 hours. Then, cleaning was carried out with an Oral-B electric toothbrush for 3 minutes in a tank containing a freshly mixed toothpaste. These procedures were repeated for 21 days. Then, the surface roughness was measured again and compared with the initial values. A mixed-design ANOVA model was used for the analysis of data (P<0.05).
Results: The baseline roughness was significantly lower in MF compared to the NH and MH composites (P<0.001). Roughness increased in all study groups during the intervention period; however, this increase was not significant in the MH group (P=0.17). Furthermore, the increase in roughness in MF was smaller than that in NH (P<0.001) and MH (P=0.02) groups.
Conclusions: The effect of intervention was more pronounced on NH and MH groups. Surface roughness changes were minor in MF composite resin.
Çalışanların İç Girişimcilik Eğilimlerinin Örgütsel Bağlılıklarına Etkisinde Demokratik- Katılımcı Yönetim Tarzının Aracılık Etkisi: İstanbul’da Bankacılık Sektörü Örneği
Authors: TUĞSAL Türker
Published: June 2019

Çalışmanın
amacı, çalışanların iç girişimcilik eğilimlerinin örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerine
etkileri ve örgütsel bağlılıklarında örgütlerindeki yöneticilerine ilişkin
demokratik-katılımcı yönetim tarzı algılarının aracılık etkisini araştırmaktır.
Araştırmanın evreni, bankacılık sektörüdür. Örneklem verileri, İstanbul’daki
banka şubelerinde çalışan 215 kişinin katılımıyla oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada
iki ayrı hipotez için iki ayrı yöntemden yararlanılmıştır. İç girişimciliğin
örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisi hiyerarşik regresyon yöntemi ile analiz
edilmiştir. Demokratik-katılımcı yönetim tarzının aracılık rolü ise yapısal
eşitlik modeli analizi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularından elde edilen
sonuçlar; iç girişimciliğin proaktiflik boyutunun duygusal bağlılık üzerinde etkisi
olduğunu; iç girişimciliğin proaktiflik ve yenilikçilik boyutlarının ise devam
bağlılığı üzerinde etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada gerçekleştirilen
analiz sonuçlarına göre demokratik katılımcı yönetim tarzının aracılık rolünün
bulunmadığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Karbondioksit Salınımı İle Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: 1960-2014 Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Salih , YÜKSEL Özge
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de ekonomik büyüme ile CO2 salınımı arasındaki ilişki 1960-2014 dönemi yıllık
verileri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Özellikle 1990’lı yılların sonları itibariyle
çevre kirliliğine bağlı olumsuz gelişmeler bu konuya odaklanılmasını
sağlamıştır. Veriler Dünya Bankası veri tabanından alınmış olup öncelikle ADF
ve PP Birim kök testi uygulanarak seriler durağan hale getirilmiştir. Durağan
hale getirilen serilere Yapısal VAR (SVAR) analizi uygulanmıştır. Yapısal VAR
analizinin yanı sıra çıkan sonuçların yorumlanmasında etki-tepki analizi ve
varyans ayrıştırma analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Analizin sonucu olarak
ekonomik büyüme ile CO2 salınımı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı
sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
Antibiotic prescribing among inpatients with infectious and non-infectious indications in obstetrics and gynecology departments at two tertiary care hospitals in Central India
Authors: Machowska Anna , Landstedt Kristoffer , StålsbyLundborg Cecilia , Sharma Megha
Published: June 2019

Background: Patients in departments such as obstetrics and gynecology (OBGY) are at high risk of life-threatening infections, thus are prescribed antibiotics extensively. Use of antibiotics leads to increasing antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic surveillance is one of the cornerstones to combat antibiotic resistance. However, hospital-based, department specific surveillance data of prescribed antibiotics are scarce especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Aim: To describe and compare antibiotic prescribing patterns among the inpatients at OBGY departments of two tertiary care hospitals, one teaching (TH) and one non-teaching (NTH) in Central India.
Methods: Data of all inpatients was collected manually for three years and analyzed using demographics, length of hospital stay, diagnoses and prescribed antibiotics including dose, duration, and frequency and defined daily dose per 1000 inpatients were calculated. The patients were divided into, infectious and non-infectious categories and further into surgical, non-surgical and possible surgical indications. The data was coded based on the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system and the International Classification of Disease system version-10.
Results: Of the total 5558 admitted patients, 2044 (81%) in the TH and 2567 (85%) in the NTH received antibiotic treatment (p<0.001). In both hospitals, a majority of the patients with surgical indications were prescribed antibiotics (87% to 100%). Prescribing of the fixed-dose combinations of antibiotics (FDCs) and use of brand names was more common at the NTH then at the TH. A majority of the inpatients who neither had surgery nor had any confirmed bacterial infection also received antibiotic prescriptions (TH-71%, NTH-75%). Overall, higher DDD/1000 patients were prescribed in the TH compared to the NTH in both categories.
Conclusions: More frequent prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics including FDCs and higher brand-name prescribing at the NTH compared to the TH is a point of concern. Antibiotics prescribed to the inpatients having non-bacterial infection indications is another point of concern and requires urgent action. Investigation of underlying reasons for prescribing antibiotics for unindicated diagnoses and the development and implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs are recommended measures to improve the prescribing of antibiotics.
SUPPLY SIDE READINESS FOR UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE: ASSESSING SERVICE AVAILABILITY AND BARRIERS IN REMOTE AND FRAGILE SETTING.
Authors: Verma Veenapani Rajeev , Dash Umakant
Published: June 2019

Background: The study hinged upon unravelling supply side readiness and barriers in attaining universal health coverage in a difficult setting. This district representative study is conducted in a fragile, remote, rural district of Jammu and Kashmir in India with unprecedented geographical barriers and heavy military deployment. Hilly geographical terrain, military skirmishes and sporadic militant attacks, rudimentary/absence of road network and absolute poverty are quintessential to this area.
Methods: Mixed method approach was employed to triangulate quantitative and qualitative findings. Facility survey at various levels of facilities was conducted to gauge general service availability and service specific availability (depth of coverage). Compendium of checklist was designed using national standards in form of standard core questionnaire and parsimonious indices were computed by coalescing an array of tracer indicators across various domains as proposed in WHO’s Service Availability and Readiness Assesment (SARA) module. Polychoric principal component analysis was used to identify significant variables causing variation in health service delivery and generalized ordinal logistic model was employed to determine factors impacting facility readiness score. Multifarious techniques like observations, key informant interviews and focus group discussions using semi structured questionnaires on both leaders and laggards were administered for critical stakeholder’s analysis to discern qualitative information.
Results: Results indicated poorest readiness for peripheral rural facilities with a composite score of 41% and 24% for subcenters and new type primary health centers respectively. Availability of basic amenities, diagnostic capacity and preparedness for emergencies and Non Communicable diseases was particularly subjacent having lowest scores. For primary care facilities; principal component was mainly characterized by basic newborn care as well as preparedness for delivery. Degree of environmental vulnerability of facilities, facility type and frequency of monitoring/supervision significantly impacted facility’s readiness. Lack of incentives for health workers in remote and shelling prone areas, unavailability of residential accommodation, absence of motorable roads, political interferences aiding internal adjustments in form of transfer/attachment of health workers, leakages in supply chain of drugs and consumables, reticence of skilled staff in serving militancy impacted areas, nonchalant attitude of policymakers were identified as major barriers for service provisioning.
Lung weights and undiagnosed lung lesions in medico-legal autopsies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: mawalla william , Mwakyoma Henry A. , Massamu Upendo
Published: June 2019

Background

Medico-legal or forensic autopsy is a special type of autopsy performed under the orders of a legal authority in circumstances involving unnatural, suspicious or criminal deaths. Gross and histopathological studies of viscera in medico-legal autopsies have been observed to serve as crucial tool in the detection of undiagnosed disease conditions and the resulting findings may closely represent the general population.

Methods

A prospective cross sectional study was carried out at the Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) department of pathology, to medico-legal autopsies received at the MNH mortuary. The study included 103 cases in an eight month period. Both lungs were weighed for each case and tissue samples were collected from each lobe, in both lungs. Other gross findings were observed and recorded. Tissue sections were made and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated under a microscope.

Results

Out of 103 cases studied, 88.3% were male with mean age of 35.8 + 16.6 years. In females, the mean age was 31.6 + 10.4 years. The mean weight of lungs was found to be 627.3 + 138.5g and 591.7 + 129.7g for the right and left lung, respectively, in males. In females, the mean weight of lungs was 616.7 + 166.1g and 583.3 + 155.8g for the right and left lung, respectively. More than half (53.4%) of lung samples had some pathological disease, and the leading diagnosis was pulmonary congestion/oedema (22.3%) followed by lobar pneumonia (18.5%). Age was found to relate with the observed histological diagnosis of the lungs.

Conclusion

Males, especially the youth and adults are the main victims of medico-legal deaths. The study also revealed high prevalence of undiagnosed lung diseases in victims of medico-legal deaths. These findings may reflect heavy burden of lung diseases in the general population.
FAUNA - Défaroucher
Authors: ludmila steckelberg
Published: June 2019

Installation multimédia
Cuestiones electorales en recientes fallos de la Corte Suprema. El sistema de "lemas" o doble voto simultáneo
Authors: Heredia José Raúl
Published: June 2019

Recientemente -entre diciembre de 2018 y marzo de 2019- la Corte se ha pronunciado en cuestiones electorales localesen causas arribadas desde las provincias de Santa Cruz, La Rioja y Río Negro-. En esta nota analizo el primero de esos pronunciamientos -sentencia de 11 de diciembre de 2018-, en una causa en que se discutió la validez constitucional de la llamada ley de lemas, con eje en los cuestionamientos del partido político que se consideró afectado UCR de Santa Cruz- interesándome especialmente unos dichos de paso obiter dicta- contenidos en la decisión del Tribunal.
Los silencios en la Convención Americana sobre los derechos humanos: ¿un juego de matriohskas?
Authors: Solá Torino Victorino
Published: June 2019

Entre los sujetos que típicamente ejercen actividad interpretativa, resulta frecuente acudir al argumentario en virtud del cual se asevera que, pese a que algunos casos carecen de una solución normativa expresa, ella resulta sin embargo implícita. La distinción entre interpretación y construcción, sugerida por algunos expertos, bien puede contribuir no sólo a ponderar el modo en que funciona efectivamente, en el corpus de decisiones de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, la cláusula de derechos no enumerados  sino además- a despejar la apariencia de que el catálogo de los derechos implícitos derivados por aquélla se ciñe a encarnar estereotipos de mera interpretación convencional, pues remitiría en puridad- al resultado de un supuesto de construcción convencional. La operación de construcción jurídica, en rigor, suplementaría -excediéndola- a la de estirpe interpretativa, en la medida que extendería la aplicación de la disposición normativa a la vida política, a la par de implementarla mediante su puesta en práctica.
Humor og religion — et umake par?
Authors: Botvar Pål Ketil , Gresaker Ann Kristin , Hovdelien Olav
Published: June 2019

This chapter provides an overview of the research field and the empirical context of humour and religion with a specific focus on Norway. It presents relevant theoretical perspectives which informed the project on which this book is based, including theories regarding the resurgence of religion in the public sphere, the mediatization of religion, and theories of humour. In addition, we introduce the thirteen chapters. The book is divided in two parts, namely religion in humour and humour in religion, and the chapters offer insight into the various ways religion and humour intersect, including the production of humour about religion and religious humour, media representations of humour and religion, as well as responses and attitudes to humour and religion. While the relationship between religion and humour has long been considered contradictory, this book offers examples of how religion and humour are in continuous dialogue, negotiating ways to relate to each other.
La oss sammen le! Om bruk av humor i presters forkynnelse ved gravferd
Authors: Leer-Helgesen Bjarte
Published: June 2019

Is it appropriate for a priest to use humor in funeral services? And if so, how can they use humor in their sermons to comfort mourners and preach the Christian gospel? In this chapter I analyze 110 funeral sermons delivered by priests from the Church of Norway. The main finding is that priests use humor only minimally in their preaching, and those who do tend to employ humor when addressing difficult topics in their sermons, such as disease, life crises and conflicts. I claim that this is an example of tension-relief: humor makes it easier to address these difficult themes. The priests do not use sarcasm or irony in their preaching, but they do to tell humorous stories about the deceased and their relatives. These stories are interpreted as a harmless form of humor, and have most likely been conveyed by relatives in conversations with the priest prior to the funeral. As a theological argument I claim that humor can be interpreted as hope’s last defense in the face of death and grieving, and that humorous preaching can produce hopeful and relation-oriented images of God.
«Ånden som holdt på å le seg i hjel»: En studie av humor i alternativt religiøse magasiner
Authors: Trysnes Irene
Published: June 2019

This study addresses the link between alternative religiosity and humour. Alternative religiosity is characterized by an openness to the spiritual world, focusing on various forms of practice related to meditation, therapy and self-development. It has been described as a pick-and-mix religion were individuals pick and choose beliefs from different religions and religious orientations, such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Western esoteric religiosity. This article looks at how humour is used as a tool in two alternative religious magazines. It describes the content of humour and in which contexts humour is found in these magazines. The aim of both magazines is to spread information about alternative religiosity, alternative lifestyles and different alternative treatment methods. Humour occurs in different contexts in the two magazines and changes over time. However, humour is a rather rare tool and has a subordinate function. It is often used to spread information about an alternative lifestyle. It also appears as part of alternative self-presentations and attempts to create positive communitive identity
Humanistisk og ateistisk humor: Om humor hos (og om) livssynshumanister og ateister
Authors: Eriksen Benjamin , Søderlind Didrik
Published: June 2019

In this chapter, we wanted to examine aspects of atheist and Humanist comedy and humor, as these genres have been plagued with a superior attitude and an exclusionary nature. While criticism of religion and iconoclasm have been a hallmark of atheism and Humanism since time immemorial, the relatively new addition of condescending and belittling humor has caused rifts between believers and non-believers in recent years. We examined this trend by looking at the defining characteristics of representative humor and comedy that appear in atheist and Humanist circles and juxtaposing these with the defining characteristics of humor in general and observing what these discrepancies mean. While blasphemous and taboo humor have long been commonplace, intentionally ridiculing or belittling a group of people for the sole purpose of garnering laughs does not conform to the Humanist ideal of upholding human dignity, so this would be an important question to resolve. For the purposes of this inquiry, we decided to identify the defining features of good atheist/Humanist comedy and see how these correspond to what can be construed as ill-intentioned comedy. We also examined stereotypes and prejudices among atheists and Humanists with the express purpose of using these to establish a humoristic baseline for these cultures to identify with.
Barnperspektiv, barns perspektiv och barns aktörskap – en begreppsdiskussion
Authors: Bergnehr Disa
Published: June 2019

Denna artikel diskuterar hur begreppen barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv definieras i nordisk forskning, och hur barns aktörskap framkommer i dessa texter. Tillämpningen av närliggande begrepp, som barns röster, inflytande och kompetens, belyses också. Artikelns utgångspunkt är att barnet föds som aktör: Barn, liksom vuxna, påverkar ständigt andra, direkt genom sina handlingar och indirekt som kroppar som befinner sig i andras närvaro eller tanke. Barn, liksom vuxna, är kompetenta och handlingskraftiga likaväl som sårbara och beroende av sina relationer. Artikeln lyfter fram vikten av att studera barns påverkan på vuxna och samhället som ett betydelsefullt kunskapstillskott. Den visar att forskningstexter som definierar begreppen barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv ofta positionerar barn som passiva, och som helt beroende av vuxenvärldens tolkningar och förståelse. Barns aktörskap belyses i mindre grad. Artikeln ger förslaget att barns aktörskap analyseras som två delar: barns inflytande och barns påverkan. Barns inflytande används för att undersöka barns reella inflytande på beslut och handlingar i sociala situationer, och barns påverkan för att studera barns direkta och indirekta påverkan på andra och den värld som omger dem.
Barneperspektiv i nordisk pedagogikk, barne- og ungdomsforskning
Authors: Øksnes Maria , Tingstad Vebjørg
Published: June 2019

Senhøstes 2017 arrangerte forskere ved Institutt for pedagogikk og livslang læring og Institutt for lærerutdanning, NTNU, et forskningsseminar om barneperspektiv i pedagogikk-, barne- og ungdomsforskning. Begrepet barneperspektiv ble drøftet ut fra ulike faglige ståsteder, som pedagogikk, filosofi, antropologi og tverrfaglig barneforskning. Bakgrunnen for seminaret var et ønske om å holde levende en diskusjon om hva man kan forstå med barneperspektiv i forskningen - undersøke spørsmål som hvordan syn på barn og barndom endrer seg over tid, hvilke temaer det forskes på, og hvilke teoretiske perspektiver forskningen forholder seg til. Samlet sett ønsket vi med seminaret å undersøke med et kritisk blikk ulike måter å posisjonere barn og barndom på i dag, og på det grunnlaget åpne opp for aktuelle problemstillinger for videre forskning på feltet.
Social Media-Related Cybercrimes and Techniques for Their Prevention
Authors: Soomro Tariq Rahim , Hussain Mumtaz
Published: June 2019

Since a past decade, social media networking has become an essential part of everyone’s life affecting cultural, economic and social life of the people. According to internetlivestats.com, in March 2019 the Internet users reached 4 168 461 500, i.e., 50.08 % penetration of world population. According to Statista, in 2019 there are 2.22 billion social media networking users worldwide, i.e., 31 % of global social media networking penetration and it is expected that in 2021 this number will reach 3.02 billion. These social networking sites are attracting users from all walks of life and keeping these users’ data in the cloud. Today’s big challenge is related to an increase in volume, velocity, variety and veracity of data in social media networking, and this leads to creating several concerns, including privacy and security; on the other hand, it also proves as a tool to prevent and investigate cybercrime, if intelligently and smartly handled. The law enforcement agencies are putting their utmost efforts to prevent cybercrime by monitoring communications activities over the Internet. In this paper, the authors discuss recommendations and techniques for preventing cybercrime.
Personalized E-Learning: Relation Between Felder– Silverman Model and Academic Performance
Authors: Zagulova Diana , Boltunova Viktorija , Katalnikova Sabina , Prokofyeva Natalya , Synytsya Kateryna
Published: June 2019

The growing demands for the training of students and the need for continuous improvement of the quality of university education make it necessary to find and apply more effective educational technologies and practices based on the correlation of teaching with the student’s profile and his/her individual Learning Style. This article discusses the topic of relevance of personalized e-learning. It describes Learning Styles and looks at the Felder– Silverman model in more detail. The article contains the results of student surveys on the basis of which the interrelation between the Index of Learning Styles and academic performance is analysed. The relation between performance and learning styles according to the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model is shown: in some specialties, students with sequential learning style have higher academic performance than students with global learning style, as well as students with mild learning style preferences on the Activist/Reflector dimension.
Assumptions for the Fiber Movement Model in the Drawing Mechanism Field in Modified Regulation Systems
Authors: Idzik Marek
Published: June 2019

The paper presents assumptions for the fiber movement model in the drawing mechanism field, aiming at establishing a regulation equation with a modified operation algorithm of the short-term draft regulator of slivers made of staple fibers. The model takes into account the sliver retardation phenomena and makes it possible to increase the evenness of slivers feeding successive machines in the technological process. As a result of this, the evenness of yarn will be increased contributing to an improvement in the quality of flat textile fabrics. This model, despite simplifying assumptions, sufficiently precisely presents the phenomenon of reducing the effect of drawing waves on the distribution of the linear mass of the fiber stream.
Study on the Relationship Between Structure Parameters and Filtration Performance of Polypropylene Meltblown Nonwovens
Authors: Xiao Yuanxiang , Sakib Nazmus , Yue Zhonghua , Wang Yan , Cheng Si , You Jianmin , Militky Jiri , Venkataraman Mohanapriya , Zhu Guocheng
Published: June 2019

In this study, polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabrics with different structure parameters such as fiber diameter, pore size, and areal density were prepared by the industrial production line. The morphology of meltblown nonwoven fibers was evaluated by using scanning electron microscope, and the diameter of fibers was analyzed by using image-pro plus software from at least 200 measurements. The pore size of nonwoven fabric was characterized by a CFP-1500AE type pore size analyzer. The filtration efficiency and pressure drop were evaluated by TSI8130 automatic filter. The results showed that the pressure drop of nonwoven fabrics decreased with the increase in pore size; the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop had a positive correlation with the areal density. However, when the areal density is in the range of 27–29 g/m2, both filtration efficiency and pressure drop decreased with the increase of areal density; when the areal density was kept constant, the filtration efficiency decreased as the pore size decreased; when the pore size of the meltblown nonwoven fabric is less than 17 μm, the filtration efficiency increased as the pore diameter decreased; when the pore diameter of the nonwoven fabric is larger than 17 μm. In a wide range, the pressure drop decreased as the fiber diameter decreased.
On Phenomenal Functionalism about the Properties of Virtual and Non-virtual Objects
Authors: Ney Alyssa
Published: June 2019

According to phenomenal functionalism, whether some object or event has a given property is determined by the kinds of sensory experiences such objects or events typically cause in normal perceivers in normal viewing conditions. This paper challenges this position and, more specifically, David Chalmers’s use of it in arguing for what he calls virtual realism.