bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of MRI in Evaluation of Malignant Lesions of Tongue and Oral Cavity
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Thukral Chuni Lal , Gupta Kamlesh , Sood Arvinder Singh , Singla Hanish , Singh Kunwarpal
Published: February 2017

Background: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of MRI in staging of malignant lesions of the oral cavity and to correlate MRI findings with clinical/surgical and anatomical-pathological findings, wherever possible.

Material/Methods: The study included 50 patients who presented with malignant lesions of the oral cavity and were referred to radiology departments for MRI. All patients included were subjected to a detailed physical examination following which MRI was carried out on Philips Gyroscan Achieva 1.5 Tesla unit.

Results: In the study, the highest number of patients were found to have tongue malignancy (82%) followed by buccal mucosa and gingivobuccal sulcus malignancy (18%). The highest number of patients was in the age group of 51–60 years (32%). The incidence was higher in males (96%). There was moderate agreement (k=0.537) for T stage between the clinical and MRI staging assessments. The agreement for N stage between clinical and MRI staging assessments was fair (k=0.328). The final diagnosis was made by histopathology in 22 patients. The agreement for T stage was good/ substantial (k=0.790) and for N stage was moderate (k=0.458) between MRI and histopathology staging assessments.

Conclusions: MRI provides satisfactory accuracy for preoperative estimation of tumor thickness and predicting occult cervical nodal metastasis. MRI is the preferred modality in evaluation and staging of oral cavity malignancy which helps a clinician for planning of treatment.
Time Matters Less When Outcomes Differ: Unimodal vs. Cross-Modal Comparisons in Intertemporal Choice
Authors: Cubitt Robin , McDonald Rebecca , Read Daniel
Published: February 2017

Unimodal intertemporal decisions involve comparing options of the same type (e.g., apples now versus apples later), and cross-modal decisions involve comparing options of different types (e.g., a car now versus a vacation later). As we show, existing models of intertemporal choice do not allow time preference to depend on whether the comparisons to be made are unimodal or cross-modal. We test this restriction in an experiment using the delayed compensation method, a new extension of the standard method of eliciting intertemporal preferences that allows for assessment of time preference for nonmonetary and discrete outcomes, as well as for both cross-modal and unimodal comparisons. Participants were much more averse to delay for unimodal than cross-modal decisions. We provide two potential explanations for this effect: one drawing on multiattribute choice, the other drawing on construal-level theory.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2613 .

This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Unfair Pay and Health
Authors: Falk Armin , Kosse Fabian , Menrath Ingo , Verde Pablo E. , Siegrist Johannes
Published: February 2017

This paper investigates physiological responses to perceptions of unfair pay. We use an integrated approach that exploits complementarities between controlled laboratory and representative panel data. In a simple principal–agent experiment, agents produce revenue by working on a tedious task. Principals decide how this revenue is allocated between themselves and their agents. Throughout the experiment we record agents’ heart rate variability, which is an indicator of stress-related impaired cardiac autonomic control and which has been shown to predict coronary heart disease in the long run. Our findings establish a link between unfair payment and heart rate variability. Building on these findings, we further test for potential adverse health effects of unfair pay using observational data from a large representative panel data set. Complementary to our experimental findings we show a strong and significant negative association between unfair pay and health outcomes, in particular cardiovascular health.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2630 .

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
If You’re Going to Do Wrong, At Least Do It Right: Considering Two Moral Dilemmas at the Same Time Promotes Moral Consistency
Authors: Barak-Corren Netta , Tsay Chia-Jung , Cushman Fiery , Bazerman Max H.
Published: February 2017

We study how people reconcile conflicting moral intuitions by juxtaposing two versions of classic moral problems: the trolley problem and the footbridge problem. When viewed separately, most people favor action in the former and disapprove of action in the latter, despite identical consequences. The difference is often explained in terms of the intention principle—whether the consequences are intended or incidental. Our results suggest that when the two problems are considered together, a different judgment emerges: participants reject the intention principle and embrace either the principle of utilitarianism, which favors action in both problems, or the action principle, which rejects action in both problems. In subsequent studies, we find that when required to choose between two harmful actions, people prefer the action that saves more lives, despite its being more aversive. Our findings shed light on the formation of moral judgment under normative conflict, the conditions for preference reversal, and the potential polarization of moral judgment under joint evaluation. Organizational implications are discussed.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2659 .

This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Staying in Life
Authors: Rothe Verena , Kreutzner Gabriele , Gronemeyer Reimer
Published: February 2017

We are constantly growing older, and there are an increasing number of elderly people living with dementia who are merely being ›taken care of‹. There is no question that we need alternatives to the established procedures. What can we do to create spaces where we can stay in life - rather than just staying alive? How can we turn the individual environments of people with and without dementia into ›places of human warmth‹? In Germany, initiatives attempting to answer these questions are on the rise: Committed individuals from politics, art, churches, social and volunteer work etc. are creatively working towards dementia-friendly communities. In this book, three authors, intimately familiar with the topic, explore initial movements, obstacles, and first approaches.
Evaluation of cannabinoids concentration and stability in standardized preparations of cannabis tea and cannabis oil by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Pacifici Roberta , Marchei Emilia , Salvatore Francesco , Guandalini Luca , Busardò Francesco Paolo , Pichini Simona
Published: February 2017

Background:

Cannabis has been used since ancient times to relieve neuropathic pain, to lower intraocular pressure, to increase appetite and finally to decrease nausea and vomiting. The combination of the psychoactive cannabis alkaloid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with the non-psychotropic alkaloids cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) demonstrated a higher activity than THC alone. The Italian National Institute of Health sought to establish conditions and indications on how to correctly use nationally produced cannabis to guarantee therapeutic continuity in individuals treated with medical cannabis.

Methods:

The evaluation of cannabinoids concentration and stability in standardized preparations of cannabis tea and cannabis oil was conducted using an easy and fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) assay.

Results:

Extraction efficiency of oil was significantly higher than that of water with respect to the different cannabinoids. This was especially observed in the case of the pharmacologically active THC, CBD and their acidic precursors. Fifteen minutes boiling was sufficient to achieve the highest concentrations of cannabinoids in the cannabis tea solutions. At ambient temperature, a significant THC and CBD decrease to 50% or less of the initial concentration was observed over 3 and 7 days, respectively. When refrigerated at 4 °C, similar decreasing profiles were observed for the two compounds. The cannabinoids profile in cannabis oil obtained after pre-heating the flowering tops at 145 °C for 30 min in a static oven resulted in a complete decarboxylation of cannabinoid acids CBDA and THCA-A. Nevertheless, it was apparent that heat not only decarboxylated acidic compounds, but also significantly increased the final concentrations of cannabinoids in oil. The stability of cannabinoids in oil samples was higher than that in tea samples since the maximum decrease (72% of initial concentration) was observed in THC coming from unheated flowering tops at ambient temperature. In the case of the other cannabinoids, at ambient and refrigerated temperatures, 80%–85% of the initial concentrations were measured up to 14 days after oil preparation.

Conclusions:

As the first and most important aim of the different cannabis preparations is to guarantee therapeutic continuity in treated individuals, a strictly standardized preparation protocol is necessary to assure the availability of a homogeneous product of defined stability.
Reporting altered test results in hemolyzed samples: is the cure worse than the disease?
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Cervellin Gianfranco , Plebani Mario
Published: February 2017

The management of laboratory data in unsuitable (hemolyzed) samples remains an almost unresolved dilemma. Whether or not laboratory test results obtained by measuring unsuitable specimens should be made available to the clinicians has been the matter of fierce debates over the past decades. Recently, an intriguing alternative to suppressing test results and recollecting the specimen has been put forward, entailing the definition and implementation of specific algorithms that would finally allow reporting a preanalytically altered laboratory value within a specific comment about its uncertainty of measurement. This approach carries some advantages, namely the timely communication of potentially life-threatening laboratory values, but also some drawbacks. These especially include the challenging definition of validated performance specifications for hemolyzed samples, the need to producing reliable data with the lowest possible uncertainty, the short turnaround time for repeating most laboratory tests, the risk that the comments may be overlooked in short-stay and frequently overcrowded units (e.g. the emergency department), as well as the many clinical advantages of a direct communication with the physician in charge of the patient. Despite the debate remains open, we continue supporting the suggestion that suppressing data in unsuitable (hemolyzed) samples and promptly notifying the clinicians about the need to recollect the samples remains the most (clinically and analytically) safe practice.
Cyclic Oxidation and Hot Corrosion Behavior of Nickel–Iron-Based Superalloy
Authors: Chellaganesh D. , Adam Khan M. , Winowlin Jappes J. T. , Sathiyanarayanan S.
Published: February 2017

The high temperature oxidation and hot corrosion behavior of nickel–iron-based superalloy are studied at 900 ° and 1000 °C. The significant role of alloying elements with respect to the exposed medium is studied in detail. The mass change per unit area was catastrophic for the samples exposed at 1000 °C and gradual increase in mass change was observed at 900 °C for both the environments. The exposed samples were further investigated with SEM, EDS and XRD analysis to study the metallurgical characteristics. The surface morphology has expressed the in situ nature of the alloy and its affinity toward the environment. The EDS and XRD analysis has evidently proved the presence of protective oxides formation on prolonged exposure at elevated temperature. The predominant oxide formed during the exposure at high temperature has a major contribution toward the protection of the samples. The nickel–iron-based superalloy is less prone to oxidation and hot corrosion when compared to the existing alloy in gas turbine engine simulating marine environment.
Spray-drying synthesis and characterization of Li4Ti5O12 anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Li Chunyang , Li Guojun , Wen Sijing , Ren Ruiming
Published: February 2017

Spherical and nanostructured Li
Attitudes, skill and use of evidence-based practice among US Western herbal medicine providers: a national survey
Authors: Snow James E. , Leach Matthew J. , Clare Bevin A.
Published: February 2017

Background

Evidence-based practice (EBP) has been the focus of increasing attention in the teaching and delivery of both complementary and conventional healthcare. Western herbal medicine (WHM) is a system of complementary healthcare rooted in tradition. How WHM practitioners perceive, are prepared for, and use EBP, has to date been largely ignored. We therefore examined the use, opinion, skills, and training in EBP, and barriers and facilitators of EBP uptake, among herbal practitioners in the United States (US).

Methods

The study utilized a cross-sectional, descriptive survey design. A sample of US clinical herbalists was invited to complete a validated online questionnaire, the Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization SurvEy (EBASE).

Results

Seventy-four US herbal practitioners completed the survey (response rate=35 %). Participants demonstrated a generally positive attitude toward EBP (median attitude subscore 31 [possible range=8–40]), a moderate to high level of self-assessed skill in EBP (median skill subscore 46 [13–65]) and a moderate level of EBP uptake (median use subscore 12 [0–24]). Apart from a lack of clinical evidence in herbal medicine, there were few perceived barriers to EBP uptake among herbal practitioners. Access to the Internet, online databases and full-text journal articles were considered most useful in facilitating the uptake of EBP in WHM practice.

Conclusions

Respondents’ attitudes, skill level, and uptake of EBP were generally consistent with other complementary and alternative medicine providers. Educational initiatives, including those focused on the appraisal and application of evidence, may help to optimize the use of EBP among WHM practitioners.
Analysis of mechanical properties in bending processes and optimal design of simple tape spring
Authors: Ye Hongling , Zhao Chunhua , Zhang Yang , Yao Qi , Xiao Yanni
Published: February 2017

Tape spring is straight, thin-walled, elastic strip with curved cross-section, which can replace traditional hinges by allowing for folding elastically and unfolded releasing stored energy with fewer component parts. This work is devoted to the properties of the folding and deployment of simple tape spring by numerical simulation and experiment method. Firstly, the folding process of tape spring is experimentally investigated using a specially designed test rig and verified by using nonlinear finite element ABAQUS/Standard solver. Then the moment-rotation relationships for symmetric bending are studied, the effects of subtended angle of section, total tape spring length, thickness and cross section radius on the performance of tape spring are investigated. Furthermore, the optimal model of tape spring structure design is established based on the response surface methodology (RSM) and parameter’s effective analysis, which aims at maximum strain energy during the tape-spring hinge deployment and subjects to allowable stress of tape spring. And the interior point algorithm is used to solve the optimal model. The optimal results are of great importance to the design of novel deployable structures with high stability, reliability and lightweight.
Enhancement: Ein Begriff zwischen Definitionshoheiten?
Authors: Heinrichs Jan-Hendrik
Published: February 2017

Nach wie vor entzieht sich der Begriff ‚Enhancement‘ einer befriedigenden Analyse. Die vorliegenden Definitionen können zwar je für sich verbuchen, einen Kernbereich dessen herauszugreifen, worauf wir uns mit diesem Begriff beziehen, sie werden jedoch immer wieder mit Gegenbeispielen konfrontiert. Der vorliegende Artikel schlägt einen weiten Bogen von dieser sprachanalytischen Diagnose bis zu einem Vorschlag zur ethischen Bewertung von einzelnen Enhancement-Maßnahmen. Dieser Bogen umfasst eine Erklärung der sprachanalytischen Diagnose mithilfe der Sprachpraxis unterschiedlicher Disziplinen sowie einen Versuch, das verbindende dieser Sprachpraxen in eine interdisziplinäre Begriffsbildung zu verlängern, die auf Funktionalanalyse der Biowissenschaften und Funktionszuschreibung der Ethik und Anthropologie Bezug nimmt. Er schließt mit einem Verfahren für die Bewertung von Enhancement, welches die zugrundeliegenden anthropologischen Annahmen als interne Bestandteile der ethischen Argumentation versteht.
Effects of Postactivation Potentiation on Linear and Change-of-Direction Speed: Analysis of the Current Literature and Applications for the Strength and Conditioning Coach
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Lazar Adrina , Davis DeShaun L. , Moreno Matthew R.
Published: February 2017

THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES THE CURRENT LITERATURE REGARDING POSTACTIVATION POTENTIATION (PAP) EFFECTS ON LINEAR AND CHANGE-OF-DIRECTION (COD) SPEED. THE MECHANISMS BEHIND PAP ARE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED, AS WELL AS THOSE FACTORS THAT MUST BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION BY COACHES WHEN THEY WISH TO IMPLEMENT A PROGRAM THAT COULD INVOKE PAP. LINEAR AND COD SPEED ARE DEFINED SUCH THAT COACHES KNOW WHAT PARAMETER THEY ARE TRAINING. FINALLY, A REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF THE AVAILABLE LITERATURE REGARDING PAP AND LINEAR AND COD SPEED ARE PROVIDED AND DISCUSSED. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS FROM THE ANALYSIS ARE PROVIDED FOR COACHES.
Seizures in Children With Cerebral Palsy and White Matter Injury
Authors: Cooper Monica S. , Mackay Mark T. , Fahey Michael , Reddihough Dinah , Reid Susan M. , Williams Katrina , Harvey A. Simon
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVE:

The goal of this study was to describe the prevalence, syndromes, and evolution of seizure disorders in children with cerebral palsy (CP) due to white matter injury (WMI).

METHODS:

For this population-based cohort study, brain MRI scans and medical records were reviewed in children in the Victorian Cerebral Palsy Register born between 1999 and 2006 recorded as having WMI. Children were excluded if they had features of an undiagnosed syndrome, associated cortical malformation or injury, or no medical contact in the preceding year. Included were 166 children with CP and isolated WMI due to presumed vascular insufficiency or hemorrhage; 87 were born preterm. Seizure and CP details were obtained from medical records and interviews, and EEG recordings were reviewed.

RESULTS:

Forty-one children (25%) had seizures beyond the neonatal period. Four children had West syndrome, which resolved with treatment. Thirteen children had febrile seizures that they outgrew. Thirty children had focal epilepsy with seizure manifestations and EEG discharges typical of early-onset childhood occipital epilepsy or childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes; 23 have outgrown these seizures. Two children had idiopathic generalized epilepsy; it was ongoing in 1 child. Fourteen children had evolution from 1 epileptic syndrome to another. At last follow-up (median age, 12.7 years; minimum age, 9.7 years), 80% had not had a seizure for >2 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

The electroclinical features of seizure disorders associated with CP and WMI are those of the age-limited, epileptic syndromes of childhood, with favorable outcome in the majority. The findings have important implications for counseling and drug treatment.
Are lead-free piezoelectrics more environmentally friendly?
Authors: Ibn-Mohammed T. , Koh S. C. L. , Reaney I. M. , Sinclair D. C. , Mustapha K. B. , Acquaye A. , Wang D.
Published: February 2017

Considered as a less hazardous piezoelectric material, potassium sodium niobate (KNN) has been in the fore of the search for replacement of lead (Pb) zirconate titanate for piezoelectrics applications. Here, we challenge the environmental credentials of KNN due to the presence of ~60 wt% Nb2O5, a substance much less toxic to humans than Pb oxide, but whose mining and extraction cause significant environmental damage.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN POTENSI KONFLIK DALAM AKTIVITAS PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI MUSI, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Asaad Andi Indra Jaya
Published: February 2017

Daerah aliran sungai Musi merupakan salah satu sungai besar dan mempunyai perairan penting dalam aspek ekologi dan ekonomi. Berbagai kepentingan dan peran dari beragam pengguna (slakeholders) dalam pemanfaatan daerah aliran Sungai Musi dapat menjadi potensi timbul konflik antar pengguna baik itu lintas sektor maupun dalam suatu sektor sendiri salah satu pengguna yang dominan adalah sektor perikanan khusus perikanan tangkap. Beragam alat tangkap dan pengoperasian terdapat hampir di seluruh badan air khusus di daerah rawa banjiran dapat menyebabkan konflik antar nelayan tangkap sendiri. pengetahuanterhadap karakteristik dan potensi konflik merupakan hal penting dalam pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di perairan umum.
SUNGAI MARO: SALAH SATU SUMBER PLASMA NUTFAH JENIS IKAN ASLI PAPUA
Authors: Warsa Andri , Astuti Lismining Pujiyani , Satri Hendra
Published: February 2017

Sungai Maro berada di Kabupaten Merauke Propinsi Papua dengan lebar 48 sampai dengan 900 m dan panjang 207 km. Jenis–jenis ikan yang merupakan kekayaan plasma nutfah di Sungai Maro dapat dibagi menjadi 2 kategori yaitu ikan hias antara lain arwana Irian (Sclerophages jardinii), sumpit (Toxotes sp.), kurikil (Datnioides sp.), udang batu cherax (Cherax albertisi), kakap kembang (Golssamia apton), kaca (Parambassis sp.), tung (Apogon sp.), saku (Strongylura kreffti), dan yang berpotensi sebagai ikan konsumsi antara lain tiga duri atau herkules (Arius latirostris), tulang (Megalops cyprinoides), sembilan (Taudonus sp.), mata bulan (Thryssa scratchleyi), gastor (Channa sp.), betok (Anabas sp.), udang putih (Marcobrachium sp.), kakap rawa (Lates calcarifer), dan bulanak(Valamugil sp.). Perlu upaya pengembangan yang mengacu pada prinsip-prinsip konservasi untuk menjaga kelestarian.
PENGARUH JUMLAH LAMPU TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN PUKAT CINCIN MINI DI PERAIRAN PEMALANG DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Nurdin Erfind
Published: February 2017

Penelitian tentang pengaruh jumlah lampu terhadap hasil tangkapan pukat cincin mini di perairan utara Jawa Tengah khususnya di Pemalang dilakukan pada bulan September 2004.Dalam pengoperasiaan, selain menggunakan rumpon juga digunakan cahaya sebagai alat bantu penangkapan. Pengukuran nilai intensitas cahaya lampu dilakukan dengan meggunakan LI COR 250 quantum meter (μmol s ¹ m ²) pada intensitas atau jumlah lampu yang berbeda @ 400 watt(2 galaksi, 5 mercury), (6 mercury), dan (2 galaksi, 6 mercury). Jumlah hasil tangkapan pukat cincin mini di perairan utara Jawa tengah 3.393,5 kg dengan laju tangkap (catch rate) 125,7 kg per tawur. Komposisi hasil tangkapan didominasi oleh ikan tembang (60,4% dari jumlah hasil tangkapan keseluruhan), diikuti layur (11,3%), cumi (8,8%), tongkol (6,7%), bawal (3,0%), kembung (2,7%), tetengkek (2,2%), dan lain-lain (kurang dari 2%). Uji statistik menunjukkan penggunaanjumlah lampu 6, 7, dan 8 buah tidak berpengaruh nyata pada hasil tangkapan ikan.
PERKEMBANGAN PERIKANAN PELAGIS KECIL DI TELUK TOMINI: Suatu Pendekatan ke Arah Manajemen yang Bertanggungjawab
Authors: Suwarso Suwarso , Sadhotomo Bambang , Wudianto Wudianto
Published: February 2017

Kajian yang bersifat desk study telah dilakukan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi yang dapatbermanfaat sebagai pertimbangan dalam strategi pengelolaan perikanan pelagis kecil yang tepat dan bertanggungjawab di Teluk Tomini. Kajian stok tahun 2003 sampai dengan 2004 di daerah ini yang dilaksanakan oleh Balai Riset Perikanan Laut menjadi bahan utama, dilengkapi dengan hasil observasi dan monitoring terkini (tahun 2005) serta pustaka yang tersedia. Kondisi perikanan tetap bersifat skala kecil dengan ukuran armada penangkap <30 GT, terdiri atas perikanan payang ataupajala yang beroperasi di sekitar pantai dan pukat cincin mini yang beroperasi di daerah penangkapan lebih jauh di perairan Sulawesi Tengah. Tingkat eksploitasi dipertimbangkan aman, kendati upaya penangkapan berjalan cukup intensif. Kondisi lingkungan yang baik dan spesifik serta status perikanan yang berjalan saat ini dimungkinkan dapat menjamin kelestarian sumber daya yang dapat menjamin kelangsungan hasil tangkapan. Meski penambahan upaya (jumlah kapal ukuran <30 GT) dapat disarankan, namun pengelolaan secara terpadu yang melibatkan daerah-daerah otonomi sekitar dan pengelolaan bertanggungjawab yang berbasis kelestarian habitat. Hal-hal menyangkut sistim monitoring perikanan juga diuraikan.
Note on a Use of Sphero-conical Vessels in Mamluk Era Damascus
Authors: Vigouroux Elodie
Published: February 2017

This paper returns to a theory positing that some sphero-conical vessels discovered at medieval sites in the Islamic world were used to hold beverages. Using historical sources about Damascus dating from the 14th and 15th centuries, the author argues that some of these objects should be considered as bottles designed to hold fuqq'a (a sparkling beverage) and provides new evidence about the period in which they were used and produced in Syria.
Sphero-conical Vessels from the Ayyubid Wall in Cairo
Authors: Monchamp Julie
Published: February 2017

During the archaeological excavations along the medieval walls of Cairo, undertaken by the Aga Khan Cultural Services and the French Institute of Oriental Archaeology in Cairo, a large amount of pottery has been discovered that can be dated from the Fatimid Period until the modern times. Within the Ayyubid and Mamluk layers a number of sphero-conical vessels have been identified. Made from a hard dense clay, these vessels are cooked to a high temperature and are coated with a purplish slip that sometimes appears shiny. The stratigraphy of the site has unfortunately not provided any clue concerning the function of these artefacts; however, very useful information with regard to dating can be understood. These containers can be divided into two different chronological groupings: Firstly, the Ayyubid era, which can be divided in two sub-groups; and secondly, the Mamluk era, represented by vessels exhibiting incised “scales” as decoration and in rare cases, a glazed surface. A number of similar containers from the Fatimid era can be added to the chronological-typology in order to show a kind of “prototype” to these spheroconical vessels. These vessels seem to be made of the same type of clay and are coated with the same slip.
Experiências comunitárias na organização das escolas étnicas italianas da cidade de Curitiba
Authors: Maschio Elaine Cátia
Published: February 2017

O artigo apresenta uma análise das experiências escolares étnicas de caráter comunitário nas colônias italianas da cidade de Curitiba. Procura compreender a organização dessa modalidade de ensino, situando as finalidades, os sujeitos, a materialidade e as práticas educativas. Enfim, busca investigar os elementos que permearam a abertura, o funcionamento e o fechamento dessas escolas. O estudo abrange o ínterim das décadas de 1880 e 1900. As fontes documentais utilizadas são compostas por ofícios e requerimentos da instrução pública paranaense. A criação de escolas étnicas de comunidades italianas tinha como objetivo principal suprir a falta de escolas públicas nas regiões de colonização estrangeira. Do mesmo modo, almejava a preservação da identidade étnica do grupo e a difusão da italianidade.
Sexopolítica en los inicios de la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet: el “cambio de sexo” de Marcia Alejandra en los discursos de la prensa
Authors: Edwards Fernanda Carvajal ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires,  Argentina
Published: February 2017

Resumen: El presente artículo aborda las condiciones de posibilidad de una serie de procedimientos médico-legales de “cambio de sexo” que tuvieron lugar bajo el Terrorismo de Estado en Chile. Considerando la cobertura de prensa de la historia de Marcia Alejandra, la primera mujer trans que obtuvo un cambio registral de sexo durante la dictadura de Pinochet, el presente texto se estructura en tres apartados. El primero toma como punto de partida la solicitud de “cambio de sexo” de Marcia Alejandra publicada en el Diario Oficial, para explicar el marco legal en el que el “cambio de sexo” fue posible en el período. El segundo aborda la proliferación de enunciados y categorías médicas que circularon en la prensa tomando como escusa el caso de Marcia Alejandra, dando cuenta del rol que tuvo la Sociedad Chilena de Sexología Antropológica en la configuración de los discursos sobre el “cambio de sexo”. El tercero analiza la inscripción del relato de la transición de Marcia Alejandra en la narrativa sociopolítica de la fractura entre Unidad Popular y Dictadura.
Educação em Sexualidade: desafios políticos e práticos para a escola
Authors: Gava Thais ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, Villela Wilza Vieira ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo: O artigo aborda a temática da educação em sexualidade a partir das falas e das discussões apresentadas por profissionais da educação, tendo em vista o debate político e a necessidade de se pensar a distância entre o que é proposto nos documentos normativos sobre a educação em sexualidade no país, a realidade dos estudantes nos seus espaços sociais e os posicionamentos dos profissionais em relação ao tema.
Médicos estrangeiros no Brasil: a arte do saber olhar, escutar e tocar
Authors: Santos João Bosco Feitosa dos ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil, Maciel Regina Heloisa Mattei de Oliveira , Lessa Maria das Graças Guerra , Maia Ana Laís Lima Nunes , Guimarães Emanoella Pessoa Angelim ,   Universidade de Fortaleza, Brazil,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo O programa Mais Médicos (PMM) faz parte de um amplo pacto de melhoria do SUS e pretende suprir a carência e diminuir a má distribuição de médicos entre as regiões do Brasil, fortalecer a atenção básica, aprimorar a formação médica e a política de educação permanente e promover a troca de experiências entre estrangeiros e brasileiros. Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre as peculiaridades do atendimento de médicos brasileiros e estrangeiros da primeira turma do PMM no Ceará. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza qualitativa, tendo como procedimentos: a observação direta dos equipamentos de saúde de doze municípios e entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores (doze) e usuários (32) desses mesmos municípios que avaliaram o atendimento dos profissionais médicos. A cultura da prevenção e humanização no atendimento dos médicos estrangeiros é predominante, dentre os quais os cubanos são avaliados positivamente por usuários e gestores pela capacidade de ver, ouvir e tocar os pacientes. Esse comportamento mostra a necessidade de fortalecer a cultura do cuidado mais humanizado entre os médicos brasileiros.
A e-democracia sanitária no Brasil: em busca da identificação de atores de mecanismos virtuais de participação na elaboração de normas de direito sanitário
Authors: Dallari Sueli Galdolfi ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil, Aith Fernando Mussa Abujamra , Ventura Deisy de Freitas Lima , Guerra Lúcia Dias da Silva , Silva Renata Rothbarth , Falcão Matheus Zuliane , Bujdoso Yasmin , Balbinot Rachelle Amália Agostini ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Esta comunicação oferece os resultados da primeira fase da pesquisa franco-brasileira A e-democracia sanitária na França e no Brasil: impacto sobre a evolução do direito da saúde. No âmbito desta pesquisa, democracia sanitária é um processo de reflexão, de concertação e de decisão previsto ou reivindicado para a elaboração de uma política de saúde; e “e-Democracia sanitária” é o seu exercício quando mediado pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Entre os objetivos do projeto encontra-se a identificação empírica dos atores da e-democracia sanitária no Brasil. Foram analisados relatórios de consultas públicas promovidas pela Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar, pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, pela Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no SUS e pelo Ministério da Saúde no ano de 2014. Como conclusões preliminares, emergem a constatação de um déficit significativo de transparência em relação aos mecanismos virtuais de consulta estudados e a necessidade de padronização dos dados apresentados em seus respectivos relatórios.
Labirintos da medicalização do crime
Authors: Mitjavila Myriam ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina,  Brazil, Mathes Priscilla ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Este artigo examina alguns aspectos dos processos de medicalização do crime e, em particular, da periculosidade criminal nas sociedades contemporâneas. Parte-se da identificação de elementos que organizaram a trajetória histórica da conversão do crime em objeto do saber médico e, fundamentalmente, da criminalidade caracterizada pelo uso da violência física, geralmente de caráter homicida, praticada por indivíduos parcial ou totalmente inimputáveis do ponto de vista da justiça criminal. O foco da análise é constituído pela avaliação psiquiátrica da periculosidade criminal e sua inscrição em estratégias biopolíticas de administração de riscos e incertezas nas sociedades modernas. Nesse sentido, atribui-se um papel relevante às transformações experimentadas pelo saber médico no que concerne à recente introdução de novos instrumentos de avaliação da periculosidade criminal, caracterizados pela formalização e padronização dos parâmetros que definem o crime, o criminoso e sua periculosidade. Essas novas tecnologias são analisadas em suas conexões com algumas tendências contemporâneas do governo da criminalidade no que se refere aos modos de vigilância e de gestão de riscos, cada vez mais atuariais e medicalizadores. Por fim, discute-se em que sentido e até que ponto essas novas tecnologias promovem a despolitização do crime, levando em consideração que as novas modalidades de avaliação da periculosidade criminal possibilitam a emergência de um discurso médico que se fundamenta na crescente responsabilização do indivíduo e na relativa desresponsabilização da sociedade pela produção de riscos e ameaças nessa área.
Enfrentando o problema dos estágios no desenvolvimento mental das crianças
Authors: Elkonin D. B.
Published: February 2017

O objetivo central do artigo é discutir o conceito naturalista e evolutivo de desenvolvimento mental, especialmente nos modelos teóricos que defendem uma concepção do desenvolvimento humano pautada numa divisão por estágios, relacionando marcadamente idade cronológica e mudanças intra e interindividuais. Tais modelos teóricos dicotomizam a psicologia da criança nos aspectos necessidade-motivação e intelectuais-cognitivos. Pretendendo superar essa dicotomia, Elkonin propõe que o desenvolvimento humano é melhor entendido como movimento dialético de assimilação, pela criança, desde o seu nascimento, dos objetivos, motivos e normas das relações humanas e de aquisição e interiorização dos modos social e historicamente evoluídos de ação com objetos, presentes em uma coletividade. Essa perspectiva dialética de compreender o desenvolvimento permite: 1. entender o processo de desenvolvimento mental como uma espiral ascendente, antes do que linearmente, 2. explanar a significância funcional dos diferentes períodos do desenvolvimento, clarificando seus padrões de transição, e 3. se mostra relevante como um auxílio para resolver a questão da suscetibilidade dos vários estágios do desenvolvimento da criança a tipos particulares de influência.
A figura astuta da igualdade no discurso da Justiça Restaurativa
Authors: Schuler Betina , Henning Paula Correa
Published: February 2017

Este artigo problematiza o conceito de igualdade, tal como um valor de verdade, funcionando no discurso da Justiça Restaurativa, a partir da análise de práticas discursivas na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. Discurso que opera na lógica da inclusão de todos no espaço escolar, apostando na existência do funcionamento igual do humano e a escola tendo a função dessa formação. Uma inclusão que, ao mesmo tempo, afirma um "espaço de dentro" e um suposto "eu" das ciências humanas, agora atravessadas pelas ciências jurídicas. Vivemos uma biopolítica contemporânea que, buscando o gerenciamento do risco, mesmo que em potencial, produz um achatamento do que não se constituiu como mesmidade, na tentativa de garantir os "direitos de todos", pois este seria o preço cobrado pelo contrato da igualdade. Um discurso que funciona pela "defesa" das diferenças, trabalhada como o outro da identidade a ser resgatado e tornado igual. Uma biopolítica em nome da defesa da sociedade por meio do autogoverno num pan-óptico generalizado. E, junto a tais movimentos, poderíamos pensar em práticas de resistência que buscariam outras experimentações nesse campo educacional, tal como brechas de respiro, não para buscar instalar, então, uma verdade ainda mais verdadeira, mas justamente se colocando nesse jogo da verdade na problematização dos modos como estamos sendo governados e as implicações disso em nosso presente. Talvez um apostar em práticas pontuais, não generalizadas, desapegando-se de tantas identidades e encaminhamentos já disponíveis.
Educación, interculturalidad y ciudadanía
Authors: Cornejo Espejo Juan
Published: February 2017

La pugna entre la propia identidad y aquella proveniente de un sistema transnacional difuso, interrelacionado e interdependiente pareciera ser el sello distintivo de los nuevos escenarios latinoamericanos producto de la globalización. En ese contexto de tensiones uno de los grandes desafíos de la acción educativa debería ser la creación de una ciudadanía como ámbito de participación, de modo de conciliar identidad cultural y diversidad. Esto es, la escuela debería promover una "ciudadanía intercultural", que no es otra cosa que una ciudadanía consonante con la democracia pluralista que incluye la diversidad cultural. Ella supone el recíproco reconocimiento igualitario de todos los sujetos de derechos, capaces de participación política que confluyen en el espacio público, como espacio de todos sobre el que gravitan las instituciones de la democracia. Una de las condiciones básicas de la educación intercultural es que todos los procesos deben ser contextualizados y elaborados conjuntamente con todos los agentes. Así, la educación intercultural no sólo debería plasmarse en aquellos establecimientos con presencia de estudiantes de orígenes o sensibilidades diversos, sino que debería constituirse en una necesidad indispensable, evitando de paso la homogeneización cultural. Pues, la gran tarea de las nuevas generaciones debería ser aprender a vivir no sólo en un mundo tecnológico cambiante, sino ser capaces, al mismo tiempo, de mantener y renovar nuestras culturas locales; además de ser crítico con las creencias y modos de ser propios.
La importancia de los semilleros de investigación
Authors: González Serrano Andrés , Villalba Cuéllar Juan Carlos
Published: February 2017

Los semilleros de investigación son una nueva estrategia académica para abordar el conocimiento dejando de lado escuelas tradicionales y dando paso a la enseñanza activa y constructiva. Son un espacio que permite a sus integrantes, estudiantes y docentes −sobre todo a los primeros−, una participación real, controlada, guiada y procesual del binomio enseñanza-aprendizaje que prioriza la libertad, la creatividad y la innovación para el desarrollo de nuevos esquemas mentales y métodos de aprendizaje.

A través de la tertulia, el debate y el diálogo con el profesor, el investigador (llámese estudiante, semilla, joven investigador o auxiliar de investigación) aprende a aprender, aprende a investigar y descubre o desarrolla el conocimiento. Se podría afirmar que los semilleros son más enriquecedores que el aula misma.   
Enfoques de género en el papel de la mujer rural en la agricultura cubana
Authors: Martínez Montenegro Isnel , Baeza Leiva Mónica
Published: February 2017

El presente artículo indaga sobre los enfoques de género en el papel que desempeña la mujer en la industria agraria, y sobre el tratamiento que se le da a este tema en la legislación vigente sobre la herencia de la tierra en Cuba. Se analizan aquí los avances y retos con respecto a las mujeres en la agricultura cubana y se expone la norma cubana y sus aspectos contradictorios, haciendo una comparación con la situación actual en Latinoamérica. La mujer ha logrado desarrollar tareas imprescindibles en la industria agraria cubana, sin embargo, no en todos los casos estos avances se corresponden con las medidas adoptadas ni están dirigidos a la consecución de la igualdad como objetivo fundamental.
Conflicto material del derecho de propiedad indígena
Authors: Gomes Piva Bruno , Lozer Patrício Mariza Giacomin
Published: February 2017

Las demarcaciones de tierras indígenas han causado grandes repercusiones en la historia brasileña. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es buscar entender el porqué de los conflictos relativos a los límites del derecho de propiedad indígena en el proceso de demarcación de territorio de los mismos. La problemática se encuentra en la necesidad de comprender lo que debe prevalecer frente a esos conflictos, si el derecho de propiedad asegurado en el artículo 5 de la Constitución Federal de 1988 o el derecho a las tierras tradicionalmente ocupadas previsto en el artículo 231 del mismo texto constitucional. La metodología adoptada fue la exploratoria-descriptiva y se trató de proponer posibles soluciones para sanear el problema presentado. Al final, se percibirá que los indígenas son apenas usufructuarios, así como también, que los conflictos existentes entre los territorios de demarcación indígena y las propiedades particulares pueden originarse de estudios antropológicos falseados por quienes los realizan, con el propósito de ampliar injustamente el territorio indígena. 
EMDR Interventions in Addiction
Authors: Markus Wiebren , Hornsveld Hellen K.
Published: February 2017

The use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs is widespread and has significant negative consequences for the individual, their families, and the communities to which they belong. A substantial number of users develop an addiction disorder. Cure-oriented addiction treatment is challenging regarding treatment retention and relapse rates. Here, we discuss the potential of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy to aid addiction treatment. Two approaches are distinguished: trauma-focused and addiction-focused EMDR therapy. Existing adapted EMDR protocols and research on both approaches is critically reviewed. Despite 20 years of development and research, the feasibility and efficacy of addiction-focused EMDR therapy is still largely uninvestigated. Exciting new possibilities, offered by research on working memory theory, are discussed. An overview of all resourcing and EMDR therapy interventions in addiction is presented: the palette of EMDR interventions in addiction (PEIA). The article finishes with recommendations for further research in this field.
Idealization and Maladaptive Positive Emotion: EMDR Therapy for Women Who Are Ambivalent About Leaving an Abusive Partner
Authors: Mosquera Dolores , Knipe Jim
Published: February 2017

After ensuring safety, treatment of victims of intimate partner violence is typically focused on the adverse and traumatizing experiences and related negative emotions. In addition, in many cases, idealization of the perpetrator and maladaptive positive emotion are initial elements that also need to be taken into account. The concept of dysfunctionally stored information described in the adaptive information processing model can be viewed as being broader in nature than maladaptive negative emotions from memories for adverse experiences and can include dysfunctional defenses such as maladaptive positive emotion and idealized life experiences. Self-defeating, dysfunctional, and unrealistic idealization in a relationship can be treated through targeting, with focused sets of bilateral stimulation, specific positive affect memories that are the origin of the distorted idealization. In this way, the client is able to develop adaptive resolution, that is, a more accurate perception of both past events and the present nature of the relationship. This approach to targeting idealization defenses is illustrated with 3 case examples of women who were ambivalent about leaving a highly abusive partner.
Afectaciones económicas por el deterioro del cauce del río Magdalena en el municipio de Girardot, Colombia
Authors: Pérez Peña Rodrigo , Segura Barón Ulises , Rodríguez González Adriana
Published: February 2017

El deterioro del cauce del río Magdalena ha afectado de modo negativo la pesca y el aprovechamiento de los suelos rivereños para establecer sitios de recreación o cultivos de pancoger. Las actuales condiciones de vida de la población ribereña del municipio de Girardot se han afectado socioeconómica, ambiental y culturalmente. Como objetivo de la fase I del proyecto de investigación, este artículo describe las necesidades básicas identificadas en cinco sectores poblacionales clasificados por actividades económicas. La investigación se orienta a mensurar el deterioro de la ribera en mención y a plantear alternativas que disminuyan la problemática de los grupos poblacionales. Esto a partir de información obtenida a través de consulta directa con los pobladores de Girardot y sobre la base de insumos del subproyecto: Identificación y caracterización de las dinámicas económicas del eje regional Girardot, Puerto Salgar y el estado de sistemas productivos y empresariales en los municipios de Girardot, Ambalema y Honda, el cual hace parte del macroproyecto Conociendo, explorando y aportando elementos para la transformación social y productiva del río Magdalena desde una visión integral, de la Universidad Piloto de Colombia.
Factores de éxito de la Asociación de Tecnólogos y Productores de Bilbao, una empresa asociativa en el posconflicto
Authors: Callejas Campo Cristina
Published: February 2017

This article describes the success factors of the Asociación de Tecnólogos y Productores de Bilbao (Asotbilbao), which was founded in 2011 with a group of farmers working in coffee growing in the town of Planadas, in the south of Tolima, Colombia. In addition to own resources, public investments and the fact that it was established to meet the needs of its founders, the factors of success also include trust, and that most of the leaders of the organization have training as technologists in management of agricultural enterprises, conditions that stand out among other associations in the region. The approach from the associativity is made from the common stake, which is important for this type of organizations, and social capital, essential for entrepreneurship, addressed from the existence of rules or institutions that allow cooperation and reinforcement of the commitments accepted. It explores the role of associations in local development and the development of capabilities to achieve it the importance of social capital for productivity, cooperation and sustainability, and the relationship between associativity, social capital and innovation.