bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion-Based Bilastine Effervescent Granules
Authors: Ali Mariam Hamid , Ahmed Kawthar Khalid
Published: June 2024

Background: Bilastine (BLA) is a second-generation H1 antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Because of its limited solubility, it falls under class II of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BSC). The solid dispersion (SD) approach significantly improves the solubility and dissolution rate of insoluble medicines. Objective: To improve BLA solubility and dissolution rate by formulating a solid dispersion in the form of effervescent granules. Methods: To create BLA SDs, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) and poloxamer 188 (PLX188) were mixed in various ratios (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15) using the kneading technique. All formulations were evaluated based on percent yield, drug content, and saturation solubility. The formulae with the greatest solubility enhancement were subjected to in vitro dissolution studies, Fourier transform infrared, and thermal analysis to study drug crystallinity and drug-polymer interactions. The best SD formula was made as effervescent granules using wet granulation and tested further. Results: The SD3 formula, which contained PVP K30 in a 1:15 ratio, had the highest solubility and release. In phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), over 88.43% of the BLA was released within the first 15 minutes. The optimum formula's effervescent granules demonstrated excellent flow qualities, a disintegration time of 87 seconds, an acceptable pH of 5.9, and 9.7 mg of BLA dissolved in the first 5 minutes. Conclusions: BLA dissolution can be improved via the solid dispersion technique, allowing for successful effervescent granule formulation.
TEKNIK RANCANG BANGUN IMPACT SMOKE WARHEAD PADA ROKET LATIH EXPERIMENT (ROLEX) 70 mm
Authors: Firmansyah Lukman
Published: June 2024

Impact Smoke Warhead ini suatu terobosan guna menjawab persoalan yang sedang dihadapi pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu Rancang Bangun Smoke Warhead Pada Roket Latih Experiment (Rolex) 70 mm. Pada saat uji fungsi Smoke Warhead dengan menggunakan sistem elektrik ada kendala yang dihadapi yaitu sistem keamanan kurang, maka dengan menggunakan sistem Impact Smoke Warhead nantinya keamanan bagi personil terjamin aman pada saat proses pengakutan maupun proses penggunaan. Bahan yang digunakan pada Impact Smoke Warhead adalah menggunakan bahan Kalium Klorat (KClO3), Sukrosa (C12H22O11) dan 1-Aminoanthraquinone (C14H9NO2). Hasil dari perhitungan formula kimia isian asap didapatkan komposisi bahan dasar yaitu 37% Kalium Klorat (KClO3), 13% Sukrosa (C12H22O11) dan penambahan zat warna yaitu 50% 1-Aminoanthraquinone (C14H9NO2) dengan menggunakan massa isian asap 50 gr. Sehingga hasil dari pengujian Impact Smoke Warhead didapatkan waktu emisi lama asap 60 detik, dengan warna asap orange. Hasil dari perhitungan dan pengujian Impact Smoke Warhead dijatuhkan dengan ketinggian yang berbeda, dengan massa landasan pemukul yaitu 200 gr, maka didapatkan dengan ketinggian 2,020 m Impact Smoke Warhead dapat meledak dan mengeluarkan isian asap.
Tantangan dan Etika Komunikasi Humas dalam Era Digital
Authors: Andini Raya Tri , Ainiyah Lulu , Setiyadi Bradley
Published: June 2024

Dalam era digital yang terus berkembang, komunikasi humas mengalami transformasi signifikan akibat kemajuan teknologi informasi dan media sosial. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki tantangan dan dilema etika yang dihadapi oleh praktisi komunikasi humas dalam konteks ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka, penulis mengeksplorasi perubahan lanskap komunikasi, tantangan-tantangan spesifik dalam komunikasi humas digital, serta dilema etika yang kompleks. Selain itu, artikel ini juga mengidentifikasi solusi dan strategi yang dapat membantu praktisi mengatasi tantangan tersebut dengan menjaga integritas dan kepercayaan publik. Implikasi dari tantangan dan solusi yang dibahas dalam artikel ini juga dianalisis, bersama dengan harapan untuk pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang tantangan dan etika komunikasi humas dalam era digital. Diharapkan artikel ini dapat memberikan kontribusi yang berharga bagi praktisi, akademisi, dan pembuat kebijakan dalam memahami kompleksitas komunikasi humas dalam era digital serta memberikan panduan yang bermanfaat bagi praktik sehari-hari dan pengembangan kebijakan di bidang ini.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Kitab Al-‘Arabiya Baina Yadaik Jilid 1 dalam Penguasaan Mufradat Siswa
Authors: Khairiyah Hanifah , Nurbayan Yayan , Saleh Nalahuddin
Published: June 2024

Kitab Al-‘Ar?biya Baina Yadaik merupakan salah satu kitab yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Kelebihan yang terdapat pada kitab ini memudahkan para pelajar non-Arab dalam membaca dan memahami isinya serta materi disampaikan dalam berbagai bentuk seperti tabel dan gambar. Pembelajaran bahasa Arab memiliki pondasi utama yang harus diperhatikan, yaitu penguasaan mufradat. Semakin banyak perbendaharaan mufradat dan semakin tinggi penguasaan mufradat seseorang dapat membantunya untuk memahami bahasa Arab dengan baik. Penelitian yang dilakukan di SDIT Insantama Bandung pada kelas V bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan kitab Al-‘Ar?biya Baina Yadaik jilid 1 dalam penguasaan mufradat siswa kelas V. Pada penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan metode kuantitatif yaitu Pre-Eksperimen dengan desain One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes yang berupa pretest dan posttest dan non tes berupa observasi. Temuan dari penelitian ini yaitu kitab Al-‘Ar?biya Baina Yadaik jilid 1 memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan penguasaan mufradat siswa dengan tingkat efektivitas medium, dengan hasil skor N-Gain sebesar 0.5343.
Evaluasi Kinerja Guru Informatika dalam Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Wahdini Fitria , Mansur Hamsi , Qomario Qomario
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pengajaran dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan penilaian pembelajaran dalam kerangka kurikulum mandiri. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian menggunakan model evaluasi CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) untuk menghasilkan data deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data mencakup wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, dengan pedoman tertulis sebagai instrumen penelitian. Validitas data dijamin melalui teknik triangulasi. Temuan menunjukkan praktik pengajaran yang memuaskan dan terorganisir, termasuk perencanaan kurikulum, persiapan materi, dan pemilihan metode pengajaran dan media yang sesuai dengan standar kurikulum mandiri dan modul yang ada. Namun, tantangan tetap ada dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran, terutama terkait dengan keahlian pendidik ilmu komputer, di mana banyak dari mereka kurang memiliki pelatihan formal dalam bidang tersebut. Selain itu, status baru ilmu komputer dalam kurikulum mandiri menuntut penyesuaian yang berkelanjutan. Sebagai kesimpulan, perbaikan pembelajaran diperlukan, termasuk pelatihan pendidik, pengembangan keterampilan, integrasi teknologi, dan strategi pedagogis. Langkah-langkah ini bertujuan untuk membekali pendidik dengan kompetensi yang diperlukan untuk mengatasi tantangan dan meningkatkan pendidikan ilmu komputer di lingkungan sekolah.
Menggali Potensi Siswa Menuju Prestasi Unggul melalui Peran Kepemimpinan Pembelajaran Kepala Sekolah
Authors: Purnomo Shodiq , Santoso Wahyudi Taufan , Nawanti Rita Dwi , Darsinah Darsinah , Rohmah Wafrotur
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menawarkan pemahaman komprehensif tentang bagaimana kepala sekolah memanfaatkan kepemimpinan instruksional untuk memfasilitasi siswa dalam mencapai potensi penuh mereka dan mencapai prestasi akademik yang luar biasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan gaya penelitian kualitatif, yang menghasilkan data deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan pernyataan tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan mengamati perilaku mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi non-statistik, khususnya analisis data deskriptif, untuk menyelidiki data. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa data yang diperoleh dari penelitian pemanfaatan kepemimpinan pembelajaran oleh pengelola sekolah disajikan dalam keadaan tidak berubah. Selanjutnya, data tersebut dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk memperoleh ringkasan komprehensif informasi dan statistik terkini. Penelitian yang dilakukan di SMP N 16 Surakarta menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah mempunyai pengaruh penting dalam meningkatkan standar pendidikan. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, kepala sekolah harus menerapkan kepemimpinan pembelajaran yang efisien. Implementasi kepemimpinan pembelajaran di SMP N 16 Surakarta didasarkan pada model kepemimpinan pembelajaran Hallinger dan Murphy yang terdiri dari tiga dimensi: penetapan misi sekolah, pengelolaan pembelajaran yang efisien, dan penanaman iklim sekolah yang sesuai.
Peranan Model Pembelajaran Interaktif Problem Based Learning terhadap Motivasi Belajar pada MI Darul Falah
Authors: Arsalan Fahrial , Fauzi Amin
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran interaktif berbasis masalah terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Darul Falah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa kelas tertentu di MI Darul Falah yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan mode interaktif. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan temuan utama terkait peran model pembelajaran interaktif terhadap motivasi siswa. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran interaktif memberikan dampak positif terhadap motivasi belajar siswa MI Darul Falah. Interaksi aktif antara guru dan siswa serta penggunaan berbagai sumber belajar meningkatkan minat belajar dan partisipasi siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di MI Darul Falah dan mendorong pengembangan model pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif dan menarik bagi siswa. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya guru menggunakan teknologi interaktif dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan keterlibatan siswa dalam proses pengajaran.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Flashcard pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas V
Authors: Zahara Erpi , Egok Asep Sukenda , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: June 2024

Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Flashcard pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SDIQ Ar-Risalah yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu R&D (Penelitian dan Pengembangan) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Development, dan Disseminate). Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas V SDIQ  Ar-Risalah berjumlah 20 orang terdiri dari 9 siswa laki-laki , 11 siswa Perempuan, dan seorang guru kelas V. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan tes tertulis berupa soal uraian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata validasi (ahli Bahasa, ahli materi, ahli media) yaitu 0,90 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil kepraktisan (siswa dan guru) 91,66%  dengan kategori sangat praktis. Hasil keefektifan N-Gain Score yaitu 0,78 dengan kategori efektif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka pengembangan media pembelajaran Flashcard valid, praktis dan efektif.
Dampak Work-Life Balance dan Work Motivation terhadap Employee Performance melalui Job Satisfaction
Authors: Ramadhani Rizka Wahyu , Ekowati Vivin Maharani
Published: June 2024

Era globalisasi saat ini, memiliki manajemen yang baik merupakan sebuah tuntutan untuk dapat meningkatkan efektivitas kinerja sebuah instansi atau perusahaan. Kinerja perusahaan yang optimal didukung oleh potensi yang dimiliki oleh karyawan yang ada didalamnya secara kualitas maupun kuantitas. Salah satu faktor penting dalam menggerakkan seluruh aktivitas sebuah instansi atau perusahaan, mulai dari mengelola, mengatur, dan menjalankan seluruh kegiatan adalah sumber daya manusia (SDM). Penelitian ini bertujuan apakah pengaruh keseimbangan kehidupan kerja terhadap kinerja, apa pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja dan juga apa pengaruh keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja melalui kepuasan kerja. Populasi dan sampel yang diambil adalah 118 karyawan PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara P3GI Pasuruan merupakan karyawan tetap dan karyawan kontrak. Analisis data menggunakan Smart PLS 3,. hasil menunjukkan bahwa keseimbangan kehidupan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja, motivasi kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja, dan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja.
Sejarah Perkembangan Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Al-Qasimiyah Kabupaten Pelalawan (1991-2022)
Authors: Nasution Mhd Ikhlas , Bunari Bunari , Yuliantoro Yuliantoro
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini membahas yaitu tentang Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Al-Qasimiyah Kabupaten Pelalawan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui latar belakang berdirinya, perkembangannya, dan faktor pendorong serta penghambat bagi Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Al-Qasimiyah. Penelitian ini dengan pendekatan historiografi atau metode sejarah yaitu dengan tahap heuristik, Verifikasi, Interpretasi, dan penulisan historiografi. Hasil umum dari penelitian ini yaitu lahir dari keinginan dan cita-cita dari seorang tokoh intelektual dan agamis yaitu M. Kasim Ahmad yang menginginkan adanya sebuah lembaga pendidikan yang berbasiskan agama islam untuk menyelamatkan penerus generasi islam di Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras. Keinginan beliau semakin memuncak ketika melihat kondisi masyarakat yang jauh dari pendidikan agama islam, munculnya isu misi kristenisasi yang akan melalui rute Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras sehingga akan memuluskan misi tersebut jika terlaksana nantinya. Perjalanan perkembangan Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Al-Qasimiyah Kabupaten Pelalawan dari tahun 1991-2022 tentunya mengalami banyak perkembangan.
Pengembangan Modul Elektronik Berbasis Ispring Suite pada Materi Teks Biografi di SMA Negeri 1 Keritang
Authors: Putri Ninda Hayu , Faizah Hasnah , Zulhafizh Zulhafizh
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan Pengembangan Modul Elektronik berbasis Ispring Suite pada materi Teks Biografi yang diharapkan dapat diterapkan sehingga menjadi alternatif solusi untuk membantu pendidik atau guru untuk menumbuh kembangkan partisipasi aktif peserta didik dalam melaksanakan dan mencapai tujuan proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan prosedur pengembangan, kualitas, dan kepraktisan modul elektronik menulis teks biografi berbasis ispring suite di SMAN 1 Keritang. Prosedur pengembangan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Keritang, yang berjumlah 70 siswa. Data dalam penelitian ini didapatkan dari hasil analisis potensi dan masalah serta uji coba terbatas kepada siswa. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini didapatan dari hasil wawancara, pembagian angket, dan studi pustaka. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif pada konteks rata-rata dan korelasi pearson product moment. Kualitas modul elektronik teks biografi berbasis ispring suite di SMAN 1 Keritang dilihat dari hasil analisis validasi ahli dan mendapatkan penilaian sangat baik. Kepraktisan modul elektronik teks biografi bagi siswa sekolah menengah atas dilihat dari hasil analisis penilaian siswa pada uji coba terbatas dan didapatkan penilaian dengan kategori sangat baik.
Model Two Stay Two Stray terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dengan Aktivitas Window Shopping pada Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Rahmawati Hertin Eka , Juhadi Juhadi , Ponisih Ponisih
Published: June 2024

Model pembelajaran two stay two stray mempunyai beberapa keunggulan dalam proses pembelajaran 1) dapat diterapkan dalam semua mata pelajaran, 2)  kecendrungan  proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih bermakna karena orientasi pembelajaran ada pada keaktifan peserta didik, 3) peserta didik lebih berani dalam mengungkapkan pendapat dan pemikirannya, 4) lebih banyak ide/gagasan yang diutarakan oleh peserta didik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian Tindakan (action research) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial pada peserta didik kelas IX E di SMP Negeri 18 Semarang. Tindakan yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan pembelajaraan kooperatif learning dengan model pembelajaran two stay two stray dengan aktivitas pembelajaran peserta didik melakukan window shopping. Tahap awal yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam mengguanakan model two stay two stray adalah memberitahu indikator dan tujuan pembelajaran yang akan dipelajari selama siklus penelitian dilakukan, kemudian selama meneliti guru mengamati perubahan yang terjadi pada peserta didik. Dilanjutkan dengan menjelaskan tata cara pelaksanaan model two stay two stray dalam pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Hal ini dilakukan agar mengelola kelas dalam pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan kooperatif learning dengan model two stay two stray dapat meningkatkan ketreampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas IX E pada pembelajaran IPS di SMP Negeri 18 Semarang.
Strategi Pengembangan Pentahelix terhadap Daya Tarik Wisatawan (Studi Kasus Tugu Khatulistiwa Pontianak)
Authors: Wijaya Fiedy Sang , Facrureza Dewanta
Published: June 2024

Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Strategi Pentahelix terhadap data tarik wisatawan di tugu khatulistiwa pontianak. Penilitian ini menggunakan jenis penilitian Pendekatan campuran Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif (Mix Method) dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, kuesioner, dan analisis dokumen. Dengan teknik Analisis SWOT yaitu Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, dan Threats. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil dari perhitungan variabel daya tarik wisatawan dengan jumlah 48,47 dibulatkan menjadi 49 orang setuju bahwa tugu khatulistiwa menjadi daya tarik masyarakat dengan berbagai kemudahan dan kesiapan yang menerima wisatawan sedangkan dari variabel strategi pengembangan bahwa  rata-rata responden yang setuju dengan pengembangan pentahelix tugu khatulistiwa dengan jumlah 48,8 dibulatkan menjadi 49 orang setuju dengan pengembangan tugu khatulistiwa  dan pengembangan pentahelix didasarkan pada rencana  induk pengembangan pariwisata yang telag disesuaikan dengan anggaran serta mengikuti visi dan misi kepala daerah yaitu walikota nya dengan dijabarkan melalui APBD tahunan melalui opd dari masing-masing daerah khususnya didinas kepemudaan olahraga dan pariwisata kota pontianak. Dan saran penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Memanfaatkan dan memaksimalkan keunikan tempat di Tugu Khatulistiwa (2) Memanfaatkan kemudahan untuk wisatawan yang memberikan informasi untuk meningkatkan promosi di media sosial (3) Meningkatkan wisatawan maka pemerintah memberikan perhatian lebih.
Kata Harimau dalam Peribahasa Melayu: Analisis Semantik Inkuisitif
Authors: Nurhaliza Nurhaliza , Hermandra Hermandra , Sinaga Mangatur
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis makna dan fungsi kata "harimau" dalam peribahasa Melayu dengan menggunakan pendekatan semantik inkuisitif. Dengan mengumpulkan 30 data peribahasa yang mengandung kata "harimau" dari Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/), penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap makna dan nilai-nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam peribahasa tersebut. Analisis semantik inkuisitif dilakukan dengan   menggunakan  3  tahap  yaitu  semantik skrip untuk mengetahui makna secara umum atau kamus, kemudian semantik kognitif untuk   mengetahui makna secara ilmu pengetahuan  dan  terakhir  semantik  inkuisitif  untuk  menemukan  alasan  penggunaan objek  bunga  dalam  peribahasa  Melayu  dengan  pemikiran tingkat tinggi  serta  gabungan berbagai disiplin ilmu serta mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan kritis terhadap setiap peribahasa untuk memahami makna harfiah dari kata "harimau". Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kata "harimau" dalam peribahasa Melayu sering digunakan sebagai simbol keberanian, kekuatan, keperkasaan, kelincahan, dan ketangkasan. Namun, kata "harimau" juga dapat digunakan untuk melambangkan sifat negatif seperti kebengisan, kekejaman, dan keganasan. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan nilai-nilai budaya Melayu seperti penghargaan terhadap keberanian, kewaspadaan, dan kecerdikan dalam menghadapi tantangan hidup. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam upaya pelestarian dan pemahaman peribahasa Melayu sebagai warisan budaya bangsa.
Analisis Komunikasi Interpersonal Pasangan Lintas Budaya dalam Menangani Konflik Pernikahan (Studi Kasus Pasangan Etnik Bajo dan Bugis)
Authors: Kasmini Nini , Bahfiarti Tuti , Fatimah Jeanny Maria
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang bagaimana hambatan komunikasi interpersonal dan strategi manajemen konflik interpersonal pada pasangan pernikahan etnik Bajo dan Bugis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Bajoe, Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan.  Tipe penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Adapun informan penelitian ini adalah orang-orang yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling yaitu dipilih berdasarkan pertimbangan tertentu bahwa mereka dianggap berkompeten untuk menjawab pertanyaan peneliti. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan 9 informan, yang terdiri dari 2 pasangan suami istri, 1 pasangan mantan suami istri, 1 pasangan suami istri yang kembali rujuk, serta 1 orang janda dari perkawinan etnik Bajo dan Bugis. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi pustaka berupa buku-buku, jurnal dan sebagainya yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hambatan komunikasi interpersonal terletak pada bahasa dan sifat etnosentrisme mereka masing-masing. Namun kebanyakan dari mereka memilih bertahan dengan mencari solusi bersama ditengah perbedaan yang mereka alami selama menjalin hubungan pernikahan lintas budaya ini dengan adanya sebuah pemahaman diantara mereka.
Pengembangan Model Latihan terhadap Minat Atlet Panahan Pemula
Authors: Setiyani Mira , Supriadi Dedi , Rohend Aep
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model latihan baru yang dapat meningkatkan minat atlet panahan pemula. Olahraga panahan memerlukan kesabaran, ketahanan mental, dan teknik yang tepat untuk mencapai ketepatan sasaran. Namun, banyak atlet pemula merasa bosan dengan model latihan yang monoton. Oleh karena itu, dikembangkanlah model latihan berbasis permainan golf archery yang dinamakan "Stage Zone". Model ini memadukan elemen-elemen permainan dengan target bervariasi yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan minat dan keterlibatan atlet dalam latihan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan populasi sebanyak 18 atlet pemula dari SSP Archery Club dan Prakasa Archery Center. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model latihan "Stage Zone" efektif dalam meningkatkan minat dan keterampilan memanah atlet pemula. Diharapkan model ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi pelatih panahan dalam mengembangkan program latihan yang lebih menarik dan bervariasi.
Weather induced physiological responses on the flowering habits of neem trees (Azadirachta indica)
Authors: BALASREE R. , DHEEBAKARAN GA. , SENTHIL A. , SATHYAMOORTHY N.K. , GANAPATI PATIL SANTOSH , PUGAZENTHI K.
Published: June 2024

Adaptability and significant economic value of the neem tree are well-known, as it can flourish in a variety of environmental conditions. While the neem seed production is highly sensitive to prevailing weather conditions during the reproductive phase and flowering behaviour of the tree. A study was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore in 2023 with the primary objective of validating the weather influence on neem seed production using the logics of physiological responses, as a continuation of research conducted the previous year (2022). During the pre-flowering and flowering stages, diverse weather conditions led to notable changes in the physiological traits of neem trees, which displayed varying patterns of flowering. Trees that flowered consistently showed elevated levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) oxidase, relative water content, and nitrate reductase compared to those that lacked flowers or produced intermittently. In the flowering stage, the neem trees responded positively in terms of physiological aspects like IAA oxidase, relative water content, nitrate reductase, and exhibited lower proline levels, which can be attributed to the optimal maximum temperature, rainfall, and soil moisture. Proline levels rose during the pre-flowering stage due to soil moisture deficits but fell during the flowering stage with the onset of rain. These physiological changes, driven by climatic factors, are likely to enhance the flowering, fruiting, and overall yield of neem trees.
Growth performance and agrometeorological indices of rice under different establishment methods
Authors: KULDEEP KAUR  , GILL KULWINDER KAUR , PRITPAL SINGH  , SANDHU SANDEEP SINGH
Published: June 2024

The field experiment was conducted to study the growth performance and agrometeorological indices of rice for cultivars i.e. PR 122, PR 126 and Pusa 44 grown under direct seeded rice (DSR) and puddled transplanted rice (PTR) conditions during kharif 2020 and 2021 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Results revealed that the accumulated growing degree days (AGDD), accumulated helio-thermal units (AHTU) and accumulated photo thermal units (APTU) were higher in PTR than DSR, while radiation use efficiency (RUE) was higher in DSR in terms of dry matter production and in terms of grain yield RUE was higher in PTR. Heat use efficiency (HUE) was also higher in DSR. AGDD, AHTU and APTU were also higher in Pusa 44, however, RUE and HUE were higher in PR 126 in terms of grain yield and dry matter. Among nitrogen levels, N3 (Leaf colour chart-based nitrogen application) gives at par yield with N1 (Recommended) and N2 (125 % of recommended). Optimum nitrogen level is helpful to get higher light interception rate and RUE while HUE was highest in N2 followed by N1 and N3.
Trend and frequency analysis of western disturbances and its impact on major crops of Solan district of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: DADIAL PRAKRITI , SINGH MOHAN , MEHTA PURNIMA
Published: June 2024

The study was conducted to examine the trend and frequency distribution of western disturbances (WD) and their effect on crops grown in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. The daily rainfall data was collected for the period of 1971–2021. The results revealed that during the period of 50 years, the WD arrived as early as in the month of October and occurred as late as in May in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. The duration of WD persisted for 1 to 5 days. The number of WD with 1 day duration was found to be highest in May (89) and lowest during the month of November (21). The Man-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator analysed an annual increasing trend of Z=2.62 number of WD year-1 and Q=0.47 number of WD year-1. The deterministic coefficient explained the positive relationship between the number of WD and productivity at the development stage while showing a negative relationship at the maturity stage of different crops.
Assessment of heat and cold wave incidences and their link with land surface temperature in Bathinda district of Punjab, India
Authors: GAWAI ANJUSHA SANJAY , PAL RAJ KUMAR , SOMPAL SINGH
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the incidence of heat wave and cold wave condition during 2000 – 2022 in the Bathinda district of South-Western region of Punjab. Notable spikes in heat wave (HW) activity were observed in 2002 and 2022 with 29 and 27 days respectively. Similarly, for severe heat waves (SHW), 2010 and 2022 witnessed the highest frequencies recording 16 and 18 days respectively. Conversely, cold wave (CW) events peaked in 2005 and 2008 with 10 and 11 days respectively. Notably, 2008 also observed the highest frequency of severe cold wave (SCW) days with 15 days. However, results revealed decline in cold wave days towards the latter years, while severe cold wave days also exhibited decreasing frequencies like 2015 and 2016 recorded zero CW and SCW days. One key finding highlights a substantial correlation between land surface temperature (LST) and maximum air temperature during heat wave periods (R2 = 0.83), indicating LST's efficacy as an indicator for monitoring temperature trends during heat wave events.
Crop-weather relationship of soybean in Marathwada region of Maharashtra
Authors: K. K. DAKHORE  , Y. E. KADAM  , D. R. KADAM  , R. B. MANE  , P. S. KAPSE  , S. K. BAL
Published: June 2024

A long-term experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of2013 to 2020 at AICRP on Agrometeorology, VNMKV, Parbhani, to study the crop-weather relationship of soybean grown under four environments (27th SMW, 28th SMW, 29th SMW and 30th SMW) with three soybean varieties (MAUS-158, MAUS-71, and JS-335). Results indicated that soybean yield was significantly highest in (1541.4 kg ha-1) in the early sown crop, and it decreased with delay in sowing with the lowest yield (803.8 kg ha-1). Among the cultivars, MAUS-158 produced significantly the highest yield (1321.3 kg ha-1). Correlation analysis between weather parameters during different phases with the yield revealed that the vegetative and grain formation period of soybean were found to be the most sensitive to weather parameters, as the correlation coefficients with most of the weather parameters. Rainfall, number of rainy days, humidity and soil moisture had favorable effects while temperatures and sunshine duration had negative effects on the yield of soybean in the Marathwada region. Individual weather parameters during 50% flowering to maturity period could explain 40 to 55% variation in the soybean yield while the multiple regression developed all weather parameters during grain formation to physiological maturity period could explain up to 82% variation which could be used the predict the soybean yield in Marathwada region
Modelling of moisture movement and irrigation scheduling in drip irrigated tomato using CROPWAT and HYDRUS-1D
Authors: NAZIR NUZHAT BINT , PANDEY YOGESH , QAYOOM SAMEERA , DADHICH SUSHMITA M.
Published: June 2024

The irrigation systems require modernization and management by evaluating water system prerequisites precisely. A study was carried out at Srinagar during kharif 2022 to determine the crop water demands, irrigation scheduling and simulation of moisture movement under different irrigation regimes on tomato crop in open field conditions using CROPWAT and HYDRUS-1D models. The results revealed that the average crop water requirement at 100% ETC per plant per day was 0.24 l plant-1 day-1 during the initial stage, 0.37 l plant-1 day-1 during development stage, 0.85 l plant-1 day-1 during mid-stage and 0.74 l plant-1 day-1 during the end stage. Soil water content was simulated by HYDRUS-1D model in 0 to 30 cm of soil profile. Higher values (0.86 to 0.95) of coefficient of determination (R2) indicated that observed and simulated values of moisture content are highly correlated and the model predicts that lower values of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) indicates that the HYDRUS-1D model is more accurate at simulating the movement of moisture under different irrigation regimes.
An assessment of the impact of climate on wheat yield in Indo-Gangetic plain region of India: A panel data analysis
Authors: ANUJ KUMAR  , SWAMI PRASAD SAXENA
Published: June 2024

This paper is an attempt to assess the impact of climate on wheat yield in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) region of India by using panel data analysis. Five IGP states namely Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal have been considered to frame a panel. The study used the data of climatic and non-climatic variables from 1990 to 2022 to achieve the objective of the study. The Im-Pesaran-Shin unit-root test was applied to check the stationarity of data. The results of the panel least square dummy variable model indicated that all the climatic variables had non significant influence. Among non-climatic variables that help increase wheat yield, fertilizer consumption and mechanization in agriculture were found to have a significant positive impact on wheat yield in the IGP region of India.
Drought severity estimation using NDWI index in Parbhani district of Maharashtra
Authors: PATIL PRITAM , JAGTAP M. P. , DAKHORE K. K.
Published: June 2024

The study was carried out to investigate the impact of drought on vegetation in Maharashtra's Parbhani district, utilizing remote sensing techniques. Analysis of Landsat 8 data for 2015 (a drought year) and 2020 (a normal year) reveals fluctuations in the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) closely correlated with rainfall patterns. In 2015, NDWI indicated extreme drought conditions, while in 2020, most areas experienced mild drought. The comparison underscores NDWI's sensitivity to rainfall variability and dry spells. Meteorological factors, geographical features, and human activities influence moisture content in vegetation and soil, reflected in the distribution of drought severity classes. In 2020, a higher percentage of the area fell into the moderate drought category, shifting to extreme drought with reduced rainfall. This incremental shift highlights the susceptibility of the Parbhani district to drought conditions, emphasizing the interplay of natural and anthropogenic factors in drought assessment and management.
Innovative trend analysis of annual rainfall in Iraq during 1980-2021
Authors: AL-LAMI ALAA M. , AL-TIMIMI YASEEN K. , AL-SALIHI ALI M.
Published: June 2024

Rainfall trend analysis is essential for managing water resources, agriculture, disaster management, and climate change research. The current study aims to examine annual rainfall variability and trend over 38 meteorological stations in Iraq during the period (1980-2021) using three tests: linear regression analysis (LRA), Mann-Kendall (MK), and the innovative trend analysis (ITA). The results of the three different tests showed that most stations recorded a decreasing trend except for four stations in ITA, six stations in MK, and seven stations in the LRA test, which exhibit a positive trend. However, three stations, Emaidyah, Rabiah, and Biji, showed an increasing trend for all three tests. The ITA test recorded more significant results (14 stations) than the other two tests. The larger significant result appeared in the significance level of 95 % (nine in LRA, eight in MK, and five in ITA). The outcomes of the three trend-detection approaches by assessing the statistical significance levels, 90 %, 95 %, and 99 %, revealed no significant trend in 16 stations dispersed throughout the various climatic zones of Iraq. Only Emadiayah station indicated a positive trend at the significance of 99 %. The overall results showed that the ITA test outperformed the MK and LRA tests since it produced more significant results.
Blue and green water footprint assessment of rice crop in high altitude temperate zone of Kashmir, India
Authors: HASSAN SHAFAQ , RANA ADITYA
Published: June 2024

The water footprint (WF) for rice has been calculated from 2010 to 2022 for three different districts viz Anantnag, Budgam and Baramulla representing three different climatic regions of Kashmir valley. CROPWAT 8.0 model was used to calculate effective rainfall, reference evapotranspiration (ETo), crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and thereby the green and blue water footprint of rice was determined. ET0 was 117-133 mm in Budgam district, 100-112 mm in Baramulla district and 143-155 mm in Anantnag district. ETc in Budgam was found in the range of 136-149 m3ha-1, in Baramulla district it was found in the range of 115-140 m3ha-1 and in Anantnag district it was highest of the three districts ranging from 163-178 m3ha-1.The results showed that the WF was the highest (3444 l kg-1) in Baramulla district followed by 2300 l kg-1 in Anantnag and 2003 l kg-1 in Budgam districts. The share of green and blue components of WF (WFgreen and WFblue) also varied with the locations and in years. WFgreen and WFblue contributed more or less equally in Baramulla district, 68% and 32% respectively in Burmuda district and 60% and 40 % in Anantnag districts respectively.
Climate change adaptation and mitigation in Indian agriculture
Authors: RAO CH. SRINIVASA , BARAL KIRTTIRANJAN , V. MANI CHANADANA  , M. JAGADESH  , R. KARTHIK
Published: June 2024

Climate change poses significant challenges to Indian agriculture, impacting crop yields, water availability, and overall food security. To address these challenges, a combination of adaptation and mitigation strategies is crucial. Adaptation measures involve adjusting agricultural practices to changing climate conditions, such as altering planting schedules, implementing water-saving techniques, and promoting resilient crop varieties. Mitigation strategies focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities, like adopting sustainable farming practices and enhancing carbon sequestration in soils. In India, the integration of adaptation and mitigation efforts is essential to enhance the resilience of farmers and agricultural systems to climate change impacts while contributing to global climate goals. By combining traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches, Indian agriculture can navigate the complexities of climate change, ensuring sustainable food production and livelihood security for millions of farmers across the country. A concerted effort involving policymakers, researchers, extension workers, and farming communities is vital to bolster the resilience of Indian agriculture while contributing to global climate change mitigation efforts. Effective extension services are paramount for educating farmers and ensuring widespread adoption of these strategies. By prioritizing both adaptation and mitigation, Indian agriculture can navigate the challenges of climate change and ensure long-term food security.
Genus Burkholderia: A Double-Edged Sword with Widespread Implications for Human Health, Agriculture, and the Environment
Authors: Eissa Mostafa
Published: June 2024

This review explores the paradox of Burkholderia species, a bacterium capable of both beneficial and harmful actions. Genus Burkholderia is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with remarkable genetic diversity. It can thrive in diverse environments and exchange genes with other bacteria through horizontal gene transfer. The ambivalence of Burkholderia lies in its potential to act as both a plant pathogen and an opportunistic human pathogen. Early isolations linked it to urinary tract infections and meningitis. However, its true threat emerged for individuals with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease, who are susceptible to severe Burkholderia infections like pneumonia and septicemia. Beyond healthcare, Burkholderia exhibits useful applications in agriculture and biotechnology. Certain strains promote plant growth by fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorus, and producing growth hormones. Burkholderia offers promise in bioremediation, degrading pollutants like hydrocarbons, pesticides and heavy metals. However, responsible application is crucial. Environmental contamination, biofilm formation, and potential plant diseases raise concerns. Careful consideration and ongoing research are necessary to mitigate these risks. Biotechnology leverages Burkholderia's diverse functionalities. It produces bioplastics, enzymes, and rhamnolipids with potential applications in various industries. Despite its benefits, it poses a healthcare risk to immunocompromised individuals, causing respiratory infections and hospital outbreaks. Its multi-drug resistance necessitates strict infection control protocols and development of novel treatment strategies. In conclusion, Burkholderia presents a complex picture. While its potential benefits in agriculture and biotechnology are promising, responsible use and continuous research are paramount to exploit its advantages and mitigate potential hazards.
Evaluation of the frequency of colon diverticula with lower gastrointestinal system endoscopy
Authors: Caliskan Ali , Kosar Kenan
Published: June 2024

The patients are often elderly, presenting the symptoms, and fully recognizing the disease is difficult. It is sometimes confused with inflammatory bowel disease. Within the scope of this research, we aimed to elucidate the frequency of colon diverticulum in patients who underwent lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in our clinic. Demographic data and its relationship with the patient's height-weight-body mass index will also be evaluated. The medical files of 200 patients aged 18–90 years who underwent lower gastrointestinal system endoscopy in our institution have been retrospectively analyzed. The demographic details, age, gender, and results of endoscopy findings have been investigated with respect to detecting colon diverticulum. The presence of diverticula was observed in 7% of the patients (n=14), external hemorrhoids in 1% (n=2), internal hemorrhoids in 28% (n=56), and polyps in 21.5% (n=43). A statistically significant relationship was observed between the genders of the patients in terms of the presence of polyps (p<0.05). The distribution of clinical findings of the patients according to age and body mass index (BMI) did not reveal any statistically significant relationship. The prevalence of diverticulitis is increasing gradually with the aging population. We believe interval lower gastrointestinal system endoscopy remains a significant tool, especially after an acute attack, particularly after complicated diverticulitis, to rule out malignancy or advanced adenomata at the target site and the rest of the colon.
Evaluation of our patient-controlled analgesia protocols applied in orthopedi̇c surgery
Authors: Sarikaya Zeynep , Gucyetmez Bulent , Yildirim Serap , Koltka Ahmet , Senturk Nuzhet
Published: June 2024

The patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) method is a crucial part of daily anesthesia practice, with different application methods to provide analgesia after orthopedic surgeries. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of intravenous (IV), interscalene, and subacromial PCA in managing postoperative pain in shoulder arthroscopy operations performed at our clinic. Follow-up forms of patients aged between 25 and 85 who were operated on and underwent PCA in the Istanbul Medical Faculty Orthopedics operating room were scanned. The patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy were divided into three main groups (intravenous, interscalene, and subacromial) according to the PCA application method. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) values at rest and during movement, the presence of nausea and vomiting, and the need for additional analgesia were recorded. Of the 142 patients in whom PCA was used after shoulder arthroscopy, 40 had intravenous, 41 had interscalene, and 61 had subacromial PCA. The demographic characteristics (age, gender, and body mass index) of all three groups were statistically similar. When we look at the percentage of cases with a resting VAS value >3 in patients who underwent intravenous, interscalene, and subacromial PCA, it was found to be 25%, 0.0%, and 32.8%, respectively (p=0.005). The percentage of cases with a movement VAS value >3 was 80%, 12.2%, and 73.8% for the groups, respectively (p<0.001). Additional analgesia was required in 80% of intravenous PCA patients, 52.5% of subacromial PCA patients, and 7.3% of interscalene PCA patients (p<0.001). Vomiting complaints occurred in 50%, 2.4%, and 1.6% of intravenous, interscalene, and subacromial PCA, respectively (p<0.001). Using interscalene PCA instead of intravenous PCA significantly reduced the likelihood of a VAS score at movement of more than 3 and the need for additional analgesic administration (p<0.001). Postoperative pain control after arthroscopic shoulder surgery is important for the patient's comfort and recovery. Patient-controlled analgesia can be applied intravenously, subacromial, or interscalene to control postoperative pain in this patient group. However, interscalene PCA application is a more effective method than intravenous application in terms of both pain control and side effects.
Investigation of the correlation between admission diagnosis and discharge diagnosis in patients transferred from the emergency department to inpatient wards
Authors: Turan Omer , Yazici Ramiz , Ekici Mustafa , Erturk Zamir , Isik Nurullah , Cali Hamdi , Soylu Aybuke , Toklu Erinc , Ture Sefika , Demirdelen Hacer , Uzun Enes , Karakus Esen , Dodurga Abdullah , Savran Kadiriye , Guner Hakan , Katipoglu Burak
Published: June 2024

While some of the patients admitted to emergency departments (ED) are treated and discharged, others are transferred to inpatient services. The follow-up of these transferred patients is mostly based on their hospitalization diagnosis. It is important that the hospitalization diagnosis is accurate and reliable. We aimed to examine whether there is a difference between the diagnosis of admission in the emergency department and the diagnosis used at discharge from the hospital during one week. After excluding patients who were admitted without being evaluated in the emergency department and patients with missing data, a total of 544 patients were included. It was observed that most admissions were made to the internal medicine unit (n=118). When it was analyzed whether the diagnosis changed, it was observed that 90.6% of the patients maintained the same diagnosis after discharge. When the tests that led to a change in diagnosis were analyzed, it was found that CT and MRI played the most important role. Although the tests performed led to a change in the hospitalization diagnosis, only 33% of the patients had a change in the hospitalization episode. This is an important point and emphasizes the importance of ensuring accurate and precise diagnoses and admissions from emergency departments. In conclusion, these findings point to the need for improvements in the diagnostic and treatment processes of patients transferred from the ED to the wards. In this way, it will be possible to improve the clinical outcomes of patients and ensure efficient use of resources.
Study of the therapeutic efficacy of DOKSI AVZ 500 in bacterial respiratory diseases in young pigs
Authors: Engashev Sergey , Savinkov Aleksey , Engasheva Ekaterina , Lyamin Artyom , Ismatullin Danir , Zhestkov Aleksandr , Iliasov Pavel , Sadov Konstantin , Komarov Aleksandr
Published: June 2024

Background:
Young farm animals are susceptible to the opportunistic infections which may cause economic losses due to mortality and poor weight gain. Development of antimicrobial resistance and desire to improve therapy efficacy and safety are the reasons to seek for new antibacterial drugs ensuring rapid recovery with minimum adverse events.
Aim:
To estimate the efficacy of DOKSI AVZ 500 in respiratory pathologies in young pigs.
Methods:
The study was conducted in 65–70-day old Yorkshire piglets with the signs of bacterial respiratory pathologies. The animals were treated with the test drug for 3 or 5 days. The reference group received TETRAMAX 500 which is similar to the test drug in terms of chemical structure, mechanism of action and spectrum. The animal status was assessed using clinical examination, CBC and bacteriological tests.
Results:
Both test and reference drugs were well tolerated and ensured the animal recovery within about 4 days. The recovery was accompanied with normalization of hematological parameters and flora composition. The bacteria associated with the disease development, Streptococcus suis, was virtually completely eliminated in all groups. No adverse events were noted. After the treatment, all the animals readily gained the weight and live market quality.
Conclusion:
DOKSI AVZ 500 was a highly efficient therapy for respiratory pathologies caused by the resident opportunistic flora in piglets. It also has shown noninferiority vs. TETRAMAX 500 in terms of all the health-related parameters and thus can be recommended for introduction in veterinary practice in pig farms.