bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical versus surgical management of liver lobe torsion in rabbits
Authors: Sibbald Rachel
Published: July 2024

This knowledge summary evaluates evidence pertaining to the management of liver lobe torsion in rabbits. Whilst this condition is considered rare, increasing numbers of case studies have been published in the last 10 years and with this comes the opportunity to learn and discover the optimum way to treat this condition in pet rabbits. Medical versus surgical mortality rates have been evaluated and despite surgery being documented more frequently as a treatment option in other species it was concluded in this summary that medical management carries a similar 7-day survival to surgical treatment, however long-term morbidity and mortality is increased compared with surgery. It was also noted that delayed diagnosis and severe anaemia negatively affect outcomes of both groups.
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF CHATGPT AS A TECHNOLOGY-BASED TOOL FOR ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING: BENEFITS AND RISKS
Authors: Berliani Denitia , Azhari Irsad , Taufiqurrochman R.
Published: July 2024

This research aims to explore the potential for using ChatGPT as a tool in technology-based Arabic language learning, focusing on identifying the advantages and risks of its use. This research was conducted in response to the increasing use of artificial intelligence in education, especially in Arabic language learning. The research method used is a literature study with a desk research approach, namely exploring data from empirical and relevant research. The research results show that ChatGPT has great potential as a tool for learning Arabic. Key benefits include its ability to improve writing skills, facilitate discussions, and provide quick responses. The risks of using ChatGPT are excessive dependency, the potential for academic cheating, and a negative impact on critical and analytical thinking skills. This research emphasizes the importance of careful and wise regulations in using ChatGPT as a tool in the Arabic language learning process.
STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF USING KAHOOT AS AN EVALUATION TOOL IN ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Maulana Moh. Fikri Jauhar
Published: July 2024

Implementation of learning evaluations often only uses traditional media, namely paper and is corrected manually by the teacher. However, as technology develops, we can use it as an update in carrying out learning evaluations, especially in Arabic language learning. so it can be more time and cost efficient. One form of utilizing technology is using the Kahoot application. Kahoot is a technology-based learning evaluation media with an attractive and completely automatic appearance. This research aims to analyze students' perceptions of the Kahoot application as a medium for evaluating Arabic language learning. This research approach is to use descriptive quantitative research and use a questionnaire as a data collection technique. The population in this study were 54 grade 7 students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 9 Nganjuk. The research results show that the use of Kahoot as a medium for evaluating Arabic language learning received a positive response from students. This is because Kahoot is easy to use, has an attractive appearance, and is transparent in displaying scores. So, students are increasingly motivated to study in order to achieve the highest grades possible.
THE UTILIZATION OF THE YOUTUBE CHANNEL “LEARN ARABIC WITH KHASU” AS A RESOURCE FOR VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Miranda Ayu , Marliana Okita Fatma , Hidayat Dedi
Published: July 2024

Arabic language learning in the digital era is very important to always innovate. The utilization of social media, especially Youtube, provides a new face regarding student learning facilities. The learning process seems to have unique characteristics, where students can not only get learning at school, but can be done anywhere, anytime when the students feel comfortable to learn. This research aims to describe how to utilize khasu YouTube channel in the vocabulary learning process. The type of data used in this research is descriptive qualitative with the content analysis method. from the results of the discussion, vocabulary learning will become more interesting if the teacher uses YouTube as a means to improve vocabulary mastery.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM ON STUDENTS' INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Sa’adaturrodiyah Wenda Sustiana , Salma Madian Fitri
Published: July 2024

Optimizing the independent curriculum to improve the quality of education with the concept of simplifying and deepening the material and strengthening the Pancasila student profile. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of the independent curriculum on students’ interpersonal abilities. This research uses a qualitative research method which includes observation, interviews, analysis, and documentation. The results obtained indicate the influence of students’ interpersonal intelligence, which is affected by various indicators that support the success of the independent curriculum. These supporting indicators provide a significant impact on efforts to improve the quality of education. By updating the curriculum and optimizing the abilities of teachers and students in the learning process, a significant impact can be achieved with the concept of independent learning, simplification of objectives, and student-centered learning processes, thereby increasing students’ interpersonal intelligence.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 on the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gomez-Coral Maria Isabel
Published: July 2024

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are prevalent chronic conditions in the aging population. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia, leading to long-term complications. AD, the most common form of dementia, is marked by progressive cognitive decline, amyloid-beta plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Epidemiological evidence suggests a significant correlation between T2DM and an increased risk of AD. This review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms linking T2DM and AD, including insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Insulin signaling in the brain is crucial for neuronal survival and cognitive function, and its disruption in T2DM contributes to AD pathology. Chronic hyperglycemia in T2DM induces oxidative stress and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), exacerbating neuronal damage and cognitive decline. Vascular complications in diabetes further impair cerebral blood flow, promoting neurodegeneration. Clinical implications highlight the necessity for integrated management strategies. Glycemic control, achieved through medications such as metformin and lifestyle interventions, can mitigate cognitive decline. Emerging therapies, including GLP-1 receptor agonists and intranasal insulin, show promise in addressing both metabolic and neurodegenerative aspects. Preventive measures, such as a balanced diet and regular physical activity, are crucial in reducing the risk of T2DM and AD. Future research should focus on understanding the precise mechanisms linking these diseases, optimizing therapeutic approaches, and exploring personalized medicine. This integrated perspective is essential for reducing the combined burden of T2DM and AD, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
The Simultaneous Regional Elections of 2024 and the Leadership of Islamic Clerics in Palembang
Authors: Ahmad Fauzan Masagus
Published: July 2024

The Simultaneous Regional Elections (Pilkada) in 2024 in Palembang are of significant concern in the context of Indonesian democracy. This study discusses the role of religious leaders (ulama) in the 2024 Simultaneous Regional Elections and its implications for leadership in Palembang. As a democratic country, general elections serve as a primary indicator in evaluating the democratization process. The role of ulama in local politics is significant, not only as spiritual leaders but also as social and political movers. The interaction between religion and politics poses challenges related to balancing religious values and democratic principles. Nonetheless, elections, including Pilkada, are considered crucial instruments in building democracy, albeit still facing challenges such as money politics and the use of religious identities for political purposes. In this context, increased oversight of unethical political practices, strengthening regulations related to campaign financing, and enhancing public participation in the political process are necessary to ensure a healthy and sustainable democratization process in Indonesia. Therefore, the 2024 Simultaneous Regional Elections in Palembang represent a crucial moment to strengthen democracy and enhance public participation in the political process, with continuous improvement and enhancement measures needed to maintain the integrity and sustainability of democracy in Indonesia.
The Awakening of Islamic Movement After the Islamic Revolution in Iran
Authors: Karimkhan Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Various studies have examined the Islamic Revolution in Iran, analyzing its nature, key features, societal effects, and future outlook. The Islamic revolution has significantly influenced societal behavioral and ethical standards, particularly within education, cultural practices, and religious observances. It has deeply impacted the collective identity and perspective of Iranian society. This study investigates how Islamic cultural principles shape moral conduct and social behavior across different societal domains. Findings suggest that the Islamic Revolution has instilled a distinct cultural ethos in Iran, marked by its emphasis on justice, social equity, resilience, unity, spirituality, and religious precepts. Recognizing the Islamic Revolution's impact on Iran's cultural and social landscape is essential for comprehending its ongoing challenges and future trajectory. Based on these findings, further exploration of the Islamic Revolution's role in shaping Iran's cultural and social identity, and its broader societal implications, is recommended.
Turkish and European Union Political Maneuvers in the Syrian Conflict
Authors: Juasari Itra , Walidin Muhammad , Mikail Kiki
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the political maneuvers undertaken by Turkey and the European Union within the Syrian conflict. The initiation of these maneuvers stemmed from the construction of a gas pipeline in Syria. The research aims to examine the implications of these maneuvers on political stability and security in Syria, with a particular focus on understanding the Turkish and European Union perspectives. The study employs two theoretical frameworks, namely national interest theory and geopolitical theory.
Qualitative methods were employed, leveraging primary data obtained through interviews with geopolitical expert Mrs. Dina Y Sulaeman, Director of the Indonesia Center for Middle East Studies (ICMES), and Dr. Muhammad Reza Ebrahimi, an observer of Middle Eastern politics at the Islamic Culture and Relations Organization. Additionally, secondary data was gathered from theses, journals, and research websites pertinent to the study.
Findings reveal that both Turkey and the European Union pursued political maneuvers in Syria driven by their economic and political interests. These maneuvers included efforts surrounding the construction of a gas pipeline in 2015 and support for opposition groups aiming to overthrow the Bashar Al Assad regime. However, the response from the Syrian government to internal opposition and demonstrations was met with military deployment and suppression, reflecting Al Assad's confidence in his government's ability to withstand challenges from opposition forces.
Political Interaction Between Farmer Groups and Village Government During Crop Failure Conditions: A Case Study of Sumber Suko, OKU
Authors: Fidatul Umahat Ana , Imron Imron , Andi Guna Leo
Published: July 2024

Most farmers in Sumber Suko Village are small-scale and face economic challenges, hindering their capacity development. Recent harvest failures have exacerbated their plight, but instead of giving up, they persevere. The village government collaborates with farmer groups to address issues like pest infestation, adverse weather conditions, and fertilizer scarcity.
This study delves into the dynamics between farmer groups and the village government during crop failures, aiming to grasp agricultural management principles and strategies for sustaining productivity despite setbacks. Employing descriptive qualitative methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation, the research purposefully selects data sources to capture both primary (interviews) and secondary (literature) information.Findings reveal a symbiotic relationship between farmer groups and the local government, bridging communities with governance. Some farmers are not only group members but also village officials, leveraging their roles to educate and empower peers through mentorship, training, and environmental awareness initiatives. These efforts identify hurdles and pave the way for more successful agricultural management in the face of adversity.
Dynastic Politics in Local Elections from the Perspective of Asabiyyah Theory: A Study on the Pilkada Contestation in Ogan Ilir in 2020
Authors: Padri Padri , Fikri Sirajudin
Published: July 2024

The aim to be achieved in this research is to explain the portrait of the political dynasty phenomenon in the 2020 regent election in Ogan Ilir. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive method aimed at getting a clear and real picture of the symptoms in the field as a whole, then express descriptively about political dynasties according to Ashabiyah theory. The results of this research show that political insantia in Ogan Ilir occurred because of the connection between previous leadership and current leadership. One of the distinctive characteristics of the election of Panca to replace Mawardi Yahya was that Mawardi Yahya's term of office could not be continued due to limited regulations, making it easier for the Mawardi Yahya family to be elected, where this could create benefits from the formal authority possessed by Mawardi Yahya. Dynasty politics gives rise to negative speculation in the realm of society where dynastic politics provides easy space for elite groups to make their families become leaders from generation to generation and can easily carry out corruption. According to Ashabiyah theory, it is very important for the ruling group to create strong political stability and maintain its power as long as possible. According to him, it is halal to maintain power in various ways with the noble aim of only maintaining political stability.
Infiltrasi Kisah Israiliyyat Tafsir Era Modern: Studi Kisah Tabut Surah al-Baqarah Ayat 24
Authors: Khusnah Aminatul , Noorhidayati Salamah
Published: July 2024

Currently, many modern scholars still quote and quote the history of Isra’iliyyat in their tafsir works, in their tafsir books there is the position of modern interpretive scholars regarding the phenomenon of IIsra’iliyyat in starting from rejection to acceptance of the history of IIsra’iliyyat. This article attempts to conduct a study of the history of Isra’iliyyat contained in Surah al-Baqarah verse 248 and examine the position of modern interpretive scholars regarding the history of Isra’iliyyat. The choice of Surah al-Baqarah verse 248 is because this verse is one of the verses that tells the story of Isra’iliyyat which is popular among the people of Israel, namely about the story of the 'Ark' which is a box-shaped object which is a sacred item for the people of Israel. Israel. This analysis uses several modern era tafsir books that are popular among researchers of Al-Qur'an Tafsir, namely M. Quraish Shihab, Hamka, and Wahbah Az-Zuhayli. The results of the analysis show that several commentators' positions in narrating the story of Isra’iliyyat M. Quraish Shihab and Wahbah Az-Zuhayli tend to regard it as a source and only include the story of Isra’iliyyat. Hamka responded to the history of Isra’iliyyat critically.
Criticism of Audiovisual Interpretation: Ad-Dakhîl Fit-Tafsîr in the Interpretation of Husain Basyaiban
Authors: Sulistiana Suyatmi Anjeli  , Muhammad Irsad  , Eka Prasetiawati
Published: July 2024

أنجيلي، سوليستيانا سوياتمي. "نقد التفسير السمعي البصري: الدخيل صالح التفسير في تفسير حسين باصيبان." مجلة جامعة معارف لامبونج (UMALA) مترو لامبونج، 2024. من الواضح أن دراسة الإسلام على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي ليست جديدة وتعتبر غير عقلانية في الحياة اليومية. ويتجلى ذلك من خلال القنوات العديدة التي تستخدم الصور ومقاطع الفيديو لتوصيل الدعوة الإسلامية لمستخدمي الإنترنت. إحدى قنوات اليوتيوب التي تبث غالبًا الدين هي قناة اليوتيوب التي تحمل اسم المستخدم kadamsidik. يركز هذا البحث على قناة كادامصديق على اليوتيوب التي تناقش تفسير سورة الكهف [18]: 83-98، وخاصة قصة ذو القرنين. يهدف هذا البحث إلى شرح ونقد تفسير حسين باصيبان لسورة الكهفي [18]: 83-98 على اليوتيوب كدامصديق استنادا إلى النظرية النقدية في الدخيل في التفسير. هذا البحث هو نوع من الأبحاث المكتبية مع المصدر الأساسي لقناة Kadamsidik. أما المصادر الثانوية فهي كتاب منهج الدخيل النقدي لأولينوها، وتفسير الخازن، وتفسير الألوسي، بالإضافة إلى مقالات متعلقة بالدخيل. يتناول هذا البحث تفسير الحسين لقصة ذو القرنين في الكهف [١٨]: ٨٣-٩٨، ويركز على قيمة الدخيل المستخرجة من تفسير الحسين. ويخلص هذا البحث إلى أنه من بين المراحل الثلاثة التي فسرها حسين بصيبان من سورة الكهف [18]: 83-98، حدد المؤلف اثنين منها، وهما الدخيل على شكل تفسير مع نوع التاريخ الذي يدان على أنه تاريخ الإسرائيليات موقوف . أحدهما تاريخ صحيح، والآخر تفصيل المجامل. خاتمة.
The Contextuality of Tafsir Ma'ālim al-Tanzīl by al-Baghawī (Revisiting Tradition and Embracing Modern Values)
Authors: Noviandi Riki , Muhammad Naufal Hakim  , Masruchan Masruchan , Mokh. Fatkhur Rokhman
Published: July 2024

This research is conducted based on two facts: (1) the bias of modern-period commentators who tend to stigmatize classical exegesis as being subjective to schools of thought and scholarship, leading to the emergence of the concept of the Qur'an as guidance; (2) it is found that the concept of the Quran as guidance has been mentioned by classical commentators, as articulated by al-Baghawī in the introduction to his exegesis. Therefore, this research aims to offer a counter-narrative to the “negative stigma” against classical exegesis, perceived as non-contextual, by focusing on al-Baghawī’s Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl as the subject matter. Employing a philosophical approach, the characteristic theory of Fahd al-Rūmī’s exegesis, and a critical-analytical method, this research concludes that Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl exhibits characteristics through the use of the ma’thūr exegesis method, firmly rooted in the tradition of early interpretation, namely interpreting the Quran with the Quran, with Hadith, with the sayings of the Companions (Ṣaḥabī), and with the sayings of the Successors (Tābi‘īn). In addition to being based on narration, this exegesis also draws interpretations from the various recitations of the Quran and analyses of Arabic sciences. Although adhering to tradition, the contextual relevance of Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl exegesis does not lie in directly addressing contemporary issues but rather in the revelation of morally universal values that remain pertinent to the current context.
Al-Qur’an sebagai Handbook dalam Mengenal dan Mengelola Alam
Authors: Rahayu Fuji Astuti  , Meity Ummiyah  , Mutiah Rahmadhani Hasibuan
Published: July 2024

This research aims to reveal the miraculous verses of the Qur'an as a book of guidance and guidance for humans and provide benefits both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this research is expected to be able to provide additional new references and references for further research. Practically, this research is able to provide benefits to humans and make one of the guidelines for daily life, especially in managing nature. This research method uses the type of literature with descriptive analytical data analysis techniques. The results of this study reveal that the evidence of the miracle of the Qur'an which is examined by scientists about the truth of the Qur'an and leads all scientists to the gate of Islam, becomes strong to be used as a Muslim handbook. The Qur'an as a guide in recognizing and managing nature is also concrete evidence of its authenticity and originality as the holy book of Muslims.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MARKETING ON TIKTOK
Authors:   Faculty of Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Depok, Indonesia, Rayhan Largo Ghazy
Published: July 2024

Technological advancements have revolutionized the marketing strategies employed by companies, particularly in the realm of digital marketing. Digital marketing utilizes digital technologies and online platforms to achieve more effective and efficient customer outreach on a global scale. This study aims to investigate the impact of technological progress on the evolution of digital marketing. Employing case studies from previous research, this study leverages the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) framework to examine this relationship. The findings indicate a significant correlation between technological advancements and the growth of digital marketing, influenced by various factors. Furthermore, the rise of social media platforms, such as TikTok, has notably reshaped the digital marketing landscape. TikTok's unique structure and vast user base offer companies new opportunities to engage with their audience, create viral content, and boost brand awareness. The study highlights the importance of TikTok's algorithm, user engagement, and creative elements in enhancing digital marketing effectiveness, establishing it as a crucial tool for modern marketers.
Learning of Protestant church’s leaders from global encounters : a qualitative empirical study from the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Bulaya Kakule Jumapili Eraste
Published: July 2024

This study explores the learning acquired by the Protestant church’s leaders with regard to partaking in global encounters. It was conducted in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo, a Sub-Saharan country that has been facing heavy crises due to armed conflicts and unstable political institutions for decades. The study focuses on the church leader’s learning outside academy, as they get in touch with other people and places globally. The research discourse sums up what education or learning would be as ‘lifelong learning’. For church leaders from the Democratic Republic of Congo, so far, no research has been conducted about their global and informal learning, their global encounter-related experiences and the implemented improvement ideas brought from abroad. Being conceptualized as a qualitative empirical research, the relating data were collected using individual semi-structured interviews with 28 Protestant church leaders from three major Protestant church denominations in the area of study. From the content analysis applied to them, five ideal types of learning from global encounters emerged, namely the personal well-being-oriented learning, the own ministry-oriented learning, the local society-oriented learning, the organisational change-oriented learning, and the world society-oriented learning. These types were discussed in light of quality global/informal learning and its importance in shaping both local and global societies. Recommendations for practice and further research close the study.
Innovación docente en la formación inicial del profesorado
Authors: Arroyo Martínez Laura
Published: July 2024

La sección monográfica del número 33 de "El Guiniguada", titulada Innovación docente en la formación inicial del profesorado persigue dar a conocer las últimas aportaciones sobre el tema propuesto desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar y constatar investigaciones de campo o estudios teóricos centrados en diversas dimensiones del ámbito de la formación del futuro profesional de la docencia. Para ello contempla reflexiones e investigaciones en diversas áreas de conocimiento, praxis efectivas entre docentes que se encuentran en diversos estadios de su trayectoria o nuevas metodologías punteras de enseñanza y aprendizaje en distintas disciplinas.
YouTube como herramienta didáctica para la educación literaria en Secundaria
Authors: Pérez-García Carmen
Published: July 2024

Actualmente, las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) se encuentran en el centro de la vida social de las nuevas generaciones, por lo que el desarrollo de la competencia digital (CD) se ha convertido en uno de los objetivos primordiales en la educación actual. Asimismo, en el ámbito de las redes sociales destaca la plataforma YouTube por su formato audiovisual y por su frecuencia de uso por parte de los jóvenes. Por tanto, el propósito del presente trabajo es mostrar las posibilidades educativas que ofrece YouTube, tanto para el desarrollo de la competencia digital como para el pensamiento crítico y la creatividad. Para ello, se ha elaborado una propuesta basada en una doble aproximación a las capacidades de los estudiantes: por un lado, como receptores, y, por otro, como productores y emisores de contenido.
Theory of Change for Building Stronger Wildlife Health Surveillance Systems Globally
Authors: Noguera Z. Liz P. , Kappel Carrie , Uhart Marcela M. , Diaz François , Cayol Claire , Cox-Witton Keren , Death Clare , Joly Damien O. , Brown Kevin , Gardner Emma G. , Suwanpakdee Sarin , Bett Bernard , Pepin Kim M. , Yellowbird Kacey , Saulo Dina , Morgan Oliver , Olson Sarah H. , Pruvot Mathieu
Published: July 2024

Background: Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases that infect wildlife, such as African swine fever, avian influenza, and SARS-CoV-2, have highlighted the necessity for wildlife health surveillance (WHS) due to their direct and indirect impacts on wildlife species, ecosystems, domestic animals, and human health. While global policies and guidelines exist, a critical gap remains in local-to-national implementation of WHS systems. A group of local, national, and global actors in WHS have formed a working group to address this gap. Methods and Findings: The working group reports on a theory of change (ToC) developed to implement WHS from local to global scales. Through brainstorming, plenary exercise, and building on peer-reviewed science and existing surveillance systems, we identified six transformative pathways to be implemented via collaborations across scales and contexts: mindset change, policy and investment, user-driven science, user-driven technologies, capacity enhancement, and mobilization of a global community of practice. Interpretation: This ToC serves as a roadmap to develop effective WHS systems that support adaptive management and implementation. WHS is fundamental to understanding the impacts of health threats to biodiversity and human and domestic animal health. This ToC presents an approach to operationalize integration of wildlife health into collaborative One Health surveillance. Funding: The Science for Nature and People Partnership.
Effect of a State-of-the-Art Thermal Massage System on Biomechanical Muscle Properties, Pain, and Disability in Individuals with Low Back Pain
Authors: Cho Ji-eun , Ahn Dohyun , Choi Hyeunwoo , Lee Jongmin , Hwang Jong-Moon
Published: July 2024

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions, resulting in continuous pain and disability. However, reliable evidence exists for only a few existing therapies for LBP. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a newly designed cutting-edge massage device that uses a mechanical sequential ascending method. Fifteen individuals with LBP underwent mechanical sequential ascending massage method with thermal therapy (AM-TH), thermal therapy (TH), rotating roller massage method with thermal therapy (RM-TH), and clinical assessments. We analysed the participants’ biomechanical muscle properties, pain, satisfaction, and disability measured immediately before and after treatment. There was a significant decline in tone and stiffness in the upper and lower regions of the paraspinal muscles when AM-TH was administered on three or more occasions (p < 0.05). AM-TH was more effective than RM-TH in reducing pain, with a significant reduction in pain over time (p < 0.05). Participants were most satisfied with RM-TH; over time, RM-TH was effective in improving participants’ disabilities (p < 0.05). AM-TH has been demonstrated to be effective in individuals with LBP, improving muscle tone and stiffness and reducing pain. Therefore, it may be a useful treatment for LBP.
The Personalized Inherited Signature Predisposing to Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Non-smokers
Authors: Serio Viola Bianca , Rosati Diletta , Maffeo Debora , Rina Angela , Ghisalberti Marco , Bellan Cristiana , Spiga Ottavia , Mari Francesca , Palmieri Maria , Frullanti Elisa
Published: July 2024

Lung cancer (LC) continues to be an important public health problem being the most common form of cancer and a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite the great bulk of research to identify genetic susceptibility genes by genome-wide association studies, only few loci associated to nicotine dependence have been consistently replicated. Our previously published study in few phenotypically discordant sib-pairs identified a combination of germline truncating mutations in known cancer susceptibility genes in never smoker early-onset LC patient does not present in their healthy sib. These results firstly demonstrated the presence of an oligogenic combination of disrupted cancer predisposing genes in non-smokers patients, giving experimental support to a model of a “private genetic epidemiology”. Here, we used a combination of whole-exome and RNA sequencing coupled with a discordant sib’s model in a novel cohort of pairs of never-smokers early-onset LC patients and in their healthy sibs used as controls. We selected rare germline variants predicted as deleterious by CADD and SVM bio-informatics tools and absent in the healthy sib. Overall, we identified an average of 200 variants per patient, about 10 of which in cancer predisposing genes. In most of them, RNA sequencing data reinforced the pathogenic role of the identified variants showing: i) downregulation in LC tissue (indicating “second hit” in tumor suppressor genes); ii) upregulation in cancer tissue (likely oncogene); iii) downregulation in both normal and cancer tissue (indicating transcript instability). The combination of the two techniques demonstrates that each patient has an average of six (with a range from four to eight) private mutations with functional effect in tumor predisposing genes. The presence of a unique combination of disrupting events in the affected subjects may explain the absence of familial clustering of non-small cell lung cancer. In conclusion, these findings indicate that each patient has his/her own “predisposing signature” to cancer development and suggest the use of personalized therapeutic strategies in lung cancer.
Fault-Tolerant Optimal Consensus Control for Heterogeneous Multi-agent System
Authors: Li Yandong , Liu Yongan , Zhu Ling , Zhang Zehua
Published: July 2024

This study explores fault-tolerant consensus in leader-following heterogeneous multi-agent systems, focusing on actuator failures in uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and uncrewed ground vehicles (UGVs). An optimization-based fault-tolerant consensus algorithm is proposed. The algorithm utilizes the Euler-Lagrange formula to ensure system consistency under actuator failures, with the Lyapunov stability theory proving the asymptotic stability of the consistency error. The algorithm is applied to heterogeneous multi-agent systems of UAVs and UGVs to derive optimal fault-tolerant consensus control laws for each vehicle type. Simulation experiments give evidence for the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
Research on Large-scale Structured and Unstructured Data Processing based on Large Language Model
Authors: Li Bohang , Jiang Gaozhe , Li Ningxin , Song Chaoda
Published: July 2024

Since the beginning of the internet era, there has been an explosion of growth in structured data (such as numbers, symbols, and labels) as well as unstructured data (including images, videos, and text). Efficient and accurate mixed query of these two types of data is a key technology to achieve high-quality information retrieval, and it is also a major challenge that needs to be solved urgently in the industry. In this study, we employ an advanced Transformer model that combines strategies and fine-tuning techniques for multi-task learning. Specifically, the model is first pre-trained on a large-scale, general-purpose dataset to learn different types of data representations and basic language comprehension skills. After that, we fine-tuned the parameters of the model to better suit these specific data processing tasks for specific application scenarios, such as image annotation, video content analysis, and structured data query. At the heart of the model is the self-attention mechanism, which allows the model to automatically emphasize the important parts and ignore irrelevant information when processing the input data. In addition, we have introduced task-specific adaptation layers that are designed to add additional processing power to the original Transformer architecture, such as a semantic analysis layer for unstructured text data and a relational extraction layer for structured data. This combination of general pre-training and task-specific fine-tuning allows the model to flexibly process and integrate information from different data sources, improving processing efficiency and accuracy. Experimental results show that the model performs well in a variety of data processing tasks, significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of information retrieval, and verifies the strong potential and adaptability of large language models in processing mixed data types.
Systematic Review of Individual, Family, and Community Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors in Children Reported from Developmental Criminology
Authors: Zuñiga Daniela , Carretta Francesco , Contreras Macarena , Cornejo Erica , Gallardo Constanza , Guichapani Isidora , Muñoz Constansa
Published: July 2024

The study examines the risk and protective factors in childhood for boys and girls who engage in unlawful behavior, through the lens of developmental criminology. This field explores the elements contributing to the emergence of antisocial and prosocial behaviors in childhood, which are linked to the increase or desistance of delinquency in later years. To enhance understanding in this domain, the study analyzes risk and protective factors associated with criminality in children across various levels: individual, family, and community. Utilizing a systematic review grounded in the PRISMA method, the study identifies and categorizes a range of factors, including conduct problems, socio-emotional competencies, biological determinants, social exclusion, interpersonal relationships, institutional governance, family adversity, caregiver characteristics, and family composition. This review underscores the significance of recognizing risk and protective factors in child development to design interventions at multiple levels, aiming to prevent antisocial behavior proactively.
A High-Gain Broadband Circularly Polarized Crossed Dipole Antenna
Authors: Liao Chunping , Liu Wenyong , Lin Xianjing
Published: July 2024

A high-gain broadband circularly polarized crossed dipole antenna is designed. This antenna utilizes two pairs of cross dipoles and a pair of phase delay lines to form circularly polarized radiation. Open-circuit stubs are loaded on the four arms of these two pairs of cross dipoles to introduce new circularly polarized resonating frequency. A rectangular ring patch is introduced directly below the cross dipoles to form the third circularly polarized resonating frequency, thereby broadening the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna. In addition, metal posts are loaded at the four right angles of the rectangular ring patch to increase the antenna gain. Measurement results show that the antenna achieves a 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 29.2% (1.9 GHz-2.55 GHz) and maintains a gain of 7.5 dB within the passband, exhibiting good circularly polarized radiation performance.
Overview of the Multifaceted Functions of LncRNA HOTAIR in Glioblastoma
Authors: Azab Mohammed A.
Published: July 2024

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor and is considered to be the most common primary one. Recurrence after treatment is a major problem. The recurrence of GBM is related to different cellular mechanisms and molecular signaling. Therapies to prolong survival are not completely effective. Epigenetics and non-coding genetic elements play a crucial role in gliomagenesis. Non-coding RNAs are novel regulatory RNAs that play key roles in different physiological processes such as gene regulation, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Interestingly, some LncRNAs have a tumor suppressor role while others are oncogenic. In this review article, we are going to illustrate the role of a well-known lncRNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in glioma and highlight the possible functions in glioma in both pre-clinical and clinically evident studies.
High Dose Neutrophil Depleted Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: De Matthaeis Andrea , Bianchi Maria , Putzulu Rossana , Maccauro Giulio
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Encouraging results reported of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The present retrospective study reports the efficacy and safety of a high dose of neutrophile and red blood cell-depleted PRP to treat 212 patients with KOA. Methods: 212 consecutive patients diagnosed with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading 1-3 KOA chronic knee pain for at least 1 year were treated with 3 injections at 15-day intervals with a high dose of neutrophil-depleted PRP (4 billion platelets). Clinical outcomes were retrospectively recorded as a percentage of responders at 3,6, and 12-month follow-up, following the OMERACT-OARSI criteria. Pain through VAS score and WOMAC score have also been recorded. Results: 4ml of PRP containing 4X109 platelets were obtained by single spin centrifugation and injected intra-articular into each patient with no pre-activation. The overall responder rate of patients responding to OMERACT-OARSI criteria at 3,6,12 months was 68.9%, 72,7% and 70,6%. There was a significant improvement in VAS and WOMAC scores at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up compared to the pre-treatment value (p< 0.01). The lowest VAS score was observed at 6 months overall and in all three-grade KL groups. KL2 groups showed the best results regarding pain reduction and WOMAC score at 6 months (p< 0.01). Conclusions: a high dose of neutrophil-depleted PRP is an effective treatment for KL1-3 KOA. It provides symptomatic relief, can potentially reduce disease progression, and has sustained effects for up to 12 months.
A Reference Database of Reptile Images
Authors: Uetz Peter H , Patel Maya , Gbadamosi Zainab , Nguyen Angel , Shoope Stacey
Published: July 2024

While there are millions of reptile images available online, they are not well organized and not easily findable, accessible, interoperable, or reproducible (FAIR). More importantly, they are not standardized and thus hardly comparable. Here we present a reference database of more than 14,000 standardized images of 1,045 reptile species (969 lizard and 76 snake species), that are based on preserved specimens in 20 different collections, including 533 type species of genera and type specimens of 72 species. All images were taken with standardized views, including dorsal and ventral body shots as well as dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the heads and other body parts. Although only 11 out of the 20 collections are cross-referenced in Vertnet, some others are indexed in GBIF, and this fraction will certainly grow in the near future. The utility of this and similar image collections will further grow with additional material and further cross-referencing, e.g., to DNA sequence databases or citizen science projects. The images are searchable and freely available on Morphobank.org (Project 5121) and on Figshare.com.
The Wicked and the Complex: A New Paradigm for Societal Problem-Solving
Authors: hipolito ines , Khanduja Aishwarya
Published: July 2024

Wicked problems, such as climate change, systemic poverty, and healthcare inequalities, rep- resent the most pressing and intractable challenges facing society today. We propose a novel approach that leverages complex systems theory as a comprehensive framework for understanding and tackling these challenges. By applying concepts such as state space analysis, attractors, and nonlinear dynamics, we offer a sophisticated toolkit for mapping the intricate web of interactions defining wicked problems and exploring potential interventions. Our approach moves beyond tradi- tional reductionist methods, embracing the inherent complexity and dynamism of these issues. We demonstrate how this framework can lead to more nuanced, adaptive, and effective strategies for addressing persistent societal problems. Despite the prevalence of wicked problems and the avail- ability of complex systems theory, practical applications of this approach remain uncommon. This paper aims to bridge this gap, illustrating the potential of complex systems theory to transform our engagement with intractable problems and pave the way for more robust, holistic solutions. By synthesizing insights from mathematics, physics, and social sciences, we present a transdisci- plinary approach that promises to revolutionize how we conceptualize and address society’s most challenging issues.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction with Special Reference to Restaurants
Authors: Vasani Suresh V. , Thakarar Nishita T. , Mahdi Abdulkareem Ahmed
Published: July 2024

In the foodservice industry, clients judge not only the product standard but also the service quality they receive during their restaurant experience. Therefore, when the importance of the dining experience is strongly regarded by consumers in terms of intellectual and motivational attributes, they are happier to suggest the establishment to others. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of different service quality factors in restaurants and their impact on customer satisfaction. This research is also undertaken to evaluate the identification of important factors for the restaurant industry and the levels of service quality among customers satisfaction with the services offered by restaurants in India. As factor analysis, correlation, and regression research, this study was conducted using a modified IBM SPSS Statistics 24 and AMOS instrument among the 630 randomly selected customers. A weighted mean was used to describe the levels of service quality and customer satisfaction. Multiple regressions were used to determine the predictors of customer satisfaction. The results reveal the main 12 service quality factors, which are: 1. Process-related factors: system for take-away orders, order tracking system, and time for food preparation 2. People-related factors: focus on customers' special requests, peer group influence, and making you feel special. 3. Physical Environment: Walking Space, Architecture of the Restaurant, and Signals for Direction 4. Performance-related factors: food served at an appropriate temperature; food presentation; portion size of food in the restaurant. The researchers have developed one model on service quality factors that is described in the research paper.
Working Conditions for Burns Junior Doctors – Better Now Than Ever?
Authors: Coleman Grant , Austin Toby , Forrest James , Bache Sarah
Published: July 2024

Background: The work and life of a junior doctor has changed dramatically over the past 50 years. Descriptions of historic working conditions are usually anecdotal and tinted with nostalgia. But presented with the facts, do heath care professionals feel working conditions things have improved or declined in the last 50 years?

Methods: An interview was conducted with a retired surgeon who, in 1970, worked as a house surgeon (Foundation Year 2, FY2 equivalent) at a regional burns service. This was compared with a review of available literature to assess objectively working conditions in that period. The information generated from this produced a poster summarizing the key differences over a 53-year timeframe. This information was presented to the current medical work force and a survey was conducted to determine their preference. Statistical analysis including binary logistic regression was performed.

Results: The questionnaire was completed by 76 respondent healthcare workers of mixed grades and backgrounds. The majority of respondents (64%) would choose to work in today’s burns unit. The age of the respondent was the best predictor for preference of working conditions (p = 0.043).

Conclusions: Multiple changes in the working conditions were identified. The majority of respondents consider today’s working conditions to be better than that of the past. However, more senior clinicians were more likely to prefer the conditions of 1970 to present day, suggesting a generational shift in opinion.
Factors Affecting Hospital Provision of Health-Promoting Services Transferred to Provincial Administration in Thailand
Authors: Sriyasak Atcharawadee , Sridawruang Chaweewan , Sriring Pennapa , Nitkhamhan Bandit , Chatchumni Manaporn , Khaonuan Boonruang , Sarakshetrin Atiya
Published: July 2024

Following the transfer of hospital services to provincial government oversight, it is essential to understand how such changes impact service quality and efficiency. This study, conducted from 1 March 2023 to 31 March 2024 at sub-district health-promoting hospitals in Thailand, aims to identify the factors affecting hospital service quality post-transfer and evaluate the role of profes-sional nurses in maintaining service standards under new governance. Utilizing a mixed-methods design based on the Global Fund-HSS framework (2012), which categorizes factors into accessibility, processes, productivity, and outcomes, we collected data from 340 nurses and 400 patients through structured questionnaires. These questionnaires were divided into seven sec-tions, capturing metrics such as the personal data of nurses, hospital service activities, and lead-ership qualities. We employed a Likert scale to gauge perceptions and expectations of service quality and conducted paired t-tests to compare performance metrics before and after the admin-istrative transfer. One-way ANOVA was used to assess variability among different service units, and binary logistic regression helped identify key determinants of service quality. The analysis revealed a significant correlation between the attitudes and competencies of healthcare teams and the levels of service quality. Notably, service units transferred less than 50% exhibited mini-mal changes, indicating that the degree of transfer significantly impacts service outcomes. Despite these variations, the fundamental mission of promoting health remained consistent. The study emphasizes the critical role of nurses and recommends further research to identify additional factors that could improve service quality in transferred healthcare facilities, potentially contributing to enhanced healthcare delivery across restructured health systems.