bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Cytological Characterization of Petaloid-type Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Camellia oleifera
Authors: Xiong Huan , Chen Ping , Zhu Zhoujun , Chen Ya , Zou Feng , Yuan Deyi
Published: July 2019

Camellia oleifera is an important woody tree species in China that produces edible oil. Although sterile male C. oleifera plants play an important role in hybrid breeding, the possible cytological characteristics of pollen abortion remain unknown. To characterize the pollen abortion process, a genic petaloid-type sterile male C. oleifera ‘X1’ plant was investigated using a cytological method. The results showed that in male-fertile plants, the anthers were full and butterfly shaped, the pollen viability was as high as 97.5%, and the development of the tapetum and anther vascular bundles was normal. However, in male-sterile C. oleifera ‘X1’, petaloidy in the anther was observed, and the pollen vitality was as low as 4.5%. Pollen abortion in sterile C. oleifera ‘X1’ anthers occurred from the microspore stage to the mature pollen period. Further cytological analyses revealed an abnormally enlarged tapetum and retarded tapetum degeneration, suggesting that insufficient nutrients were provided for microspore development. Moreover, the anther vascular bundles displayed hyperplasia, and the pollen sac area became increasingly smaller, causing most anthers to be sterile and to have few pollen grains. Taken together, the results indicate that petaloid-type male sterility in C. oleifera may be attributed to abnormal development of the tapetum and anther vascular bundles. The findings clarify the pollen abortion period and the cytological characteristics of petaloid-type cytoplasmic male sterility in C. oleifera, and lay a solid foundation for the male sterile line in C. oleifera hybrid breeding.
Morphological Variation of Five Cut Chrysanthemum Cultivars Induced by 5-Azacytidine Treatment
Authors: Kang Dongru , Dai Silan , Gao Kang , Zhang Fan , Luo Hong
Published: July 2019

In this study, five cultivars of cut chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat., ‘Jinba’, ‘Yuuka’, ‘Fenguiren’, ‘Xueshen’, and ‘Huangjin’ were used to explore the functions of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) on chrysanthemum growth and flower development. The results showed that 5-azaC had different effects on the growth of the five cultivars during in vitro culture. The final statistics showed that low concentrations promoted plant growth, whereas high concentrations inhibited growth; however, each cultivar had different growth curves, demonstrating that 5-azaC had no consistent inhibitory actions on growth. On the basis of the squaring time and flowering time statistics, we found that 5-azaC had a certain effect on the flowering time of all cut chrysanthemums, and all of these cultivars showed extremely early strains. Summer chrysanthemum (‘Yuuka’, ‘Fenguiren’, ‘Xueshen’, and ‘Huangjin’) treatments led to both early and delayed flowering. When the statistics were analyzed for different individuals, we found that the treatments shortened the squaring time in early-flowering plants. In ‘Jinba’, an autumn chrysanthemum, the treatment helped broken juvenile limitations and allowed plants to undergo photoperiod induction in the early stage. Additionally, we also determined the flower diameter differences in these treatments; ray florets from ‘Yuuka’ and ‘Huangjin’ trended to show tubular florets, and the location of tubular and ray florets were changed in ‘Xueshen’ capitulum. In conclusion, on the basis of flowering time in five early varieties of cut chrysanthemum, we propose that 5-azaC may regulate the methylation level of genes that control flower induction and flower development. These results provide phenotypic data and material for exploring the function of DNA methylation in regulating flowering.
Development and Identification of Expressed Sequence Tag-based SSR Markers Associated with the Heterostyly Trait in Primula forbesii
Authors: Yuan Cunquan , Qu Zhiyi , Pan Huitang , Cheng Tangren , Wang Jia , Zhang Qixiang
Published: July 2019

Heterostylous Primula forbesii is an important ornamental flower in China because of its long-lasting flowers and winter bloom. This study aimed to develop markers of expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) that are associated with heterostyly and that can be used for molecular-assisted selective breeding in P. forbesii. We investigated 114,474 unigenes and identified 25,095 SSRs in P. forbesii. Dinucleotide repeats (46.14%), mononucleotide repeats (44.65%), and trinucleotide repeats (8.27%) were the most abundant SSRs. Among the 25,095 SSRs, 10,645 SSR primer pairs were successfully designed, of which 130 primer pairs were randomly selected for further amplification validation using eight accessions of P. forbesii; 98 pairs produced clear and stable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, and 28 pairs showed polymorphism. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was conducted for the F1 population with respect to thrum style and pin style by scanning 28 polymorphic SSR primer combinations. One SSR marker, c64326, linked to the heterostyly trait at a genetic distance of ≈3.70 cM was identified. The marker c64326 was further validated in two populations with an accuracy of 97.92% and 90.63%. The novel and linked EST-SSR markers can be valuable resources for genetic diversity analysis, mapping, and marker-assisted breeding in P. forbesii.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Bigleaf Hydrangea Using Genotyping-by-sequencing
Authors: Wu Xingbo , Alexander Lisa W.
Published: July 2019

Hydrangea macrophylla (bigleaf hydrangea) is one of the most important floral and nursery crops worldwide. However, breeding of new bigleaf hydrangea cultivars has been hampered by a long breeding cycle and lack of genetic resources. This study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 82 bigleaf hydrangea cultivars using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) originated from genotyping-by-sequencing. A total of 5803 high-quality SNPs were discovered in a bigleaf hydrangea cultivar panel. A phylogenetic analysis and analysis of molecular variance based on discovered SNPs concluded the taxonomic classification of H. macrophylla ssp. serrata as a subspecies of H. macrophylla. Principal component analysis confirmed ‘Preziosa’ as a hybrid between H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla and H. macrophylla ssp. serrata. In addition, the cultivar Lady in Red was also found to be a hybrid between the two subspecies. The population structure analysis identified three groups among the 82 cultivars. All H. macrophylla ssp. serrata cultivars belonged to one group, and two groups were revealed within H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla. The separation within H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla indicated a second gene pool due to breeding efforts that have targeted similar breeding goals for bigleaf hydrangea. The discovered SNPs and the phylogenetic results will facilitate further exploitation and understanding of phylogenetic relationships of bigleaf hydrangea and will serve as a reference for hydrangea breeding improvements.
Transcriptomic Study of Early Responses to the Bud Dormancy-breaking Agent Hydrogen Cyanamide in ‘TropicBeauty’ Peach
Authors: Tang Lisa , Chhajed Shweta , Vashisth Tripti , Olmstead Mercy A. , Olmstead James W. , Colquhoun Thomas A.
Published: July 2019

To determine how the dormancy-breaking agent hydrogen cyanamide (HC) advances budbreak in peach (Prunus persica), this study compared the transcriptome of buds of low-chill ‘TropicBeauty’ peach trees treated with 1% (v/v) HC and that of nontreated trees at 3 and 7 days after treatment (DAT), respectively, using an RNA sequencing analysis. The peak of total budbreak occurred 6 weeks earlier in the HC-treated trees (at 32 DAT) than the nontreated trees (at 74 DAT). There were 1312 and 1095 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 3 and 7 DAT, respectively. At 3 DAT, DEGs related to oxidative stress, including the response to hypoxia, lipid oxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic process, were upregulated in HC-treated buds. Additionally, DEGs encoding enzymes for ROS scavenging and the pentose phosphate pathway were upregulated at 3 DAT but they were not differently expressed at 7 DAT, indicating a temporary demand for defense mechanisms against HC-triggered oxidative stress. Upregulation of DEGs for cell division and development at 7 DAT, which were downregulated at 3 DAT, suggests that cell activity was initially suppressed but was enhanced within 7 DAT. At 7 DAT, DEGs related to cell wall degradation and modification were upregulated, which was possibly responsible for the burst of buds. The results of this study strongly suggest that HC induces transient oxidative stress shortly after application, leading to the release of bud dormancy and, subsequently, causing an increase in cell activity and cell wall loosening, thereby accelerating budbreak in peach.
The Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium ClNAC9 Gene Positively Regulates Saline, Alkaline, and Drought Stress in Transgenic Chrysanthemum grandiflora
Authors: Liu Yu , He Miao , Dong Fengli , Cai Yingjie , Gao Wenjie , Zhou Yunwei , Huang He , Dai Silan
Published: July 2019

The NAC transcription factor is a peculiar kind of transcription factor in plants. Transcription factors are involved in the expression of plant genes under different conditions, and they play a crucial role in plant response to various biotic and abiotic stress. We transferred the ClNAC9 gene into Chrysanthemum grandiflora ‘niu9717’ by Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated transformation. The results of kanamycin-resistant screening, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection, and Northern blot analysis proved that the target gene had been integrated into the genome of the target plants. Wild-type (WT) plants and transgenic plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl, NaHCO3, and drought stress, and physiological indexes, such as antioxidant system activity (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase), malondialdehyde accumulation, and leaf relative water content, were measured. We also observed changes in plant morphology. The physiological indexes’ changing range and extreme values suggested that transgenic plants’ resistance to salinity, alkali, and drought stress was significantly higher than WT plants. Transgenic plant growth was less inhibited compared with WT plants, indicating that the ClNAC9 gene increased the resistance of transgenic plants under the stress of salinization, alkalization, and drought.
Forecasting of technogenic risks in draining and filling operations at Svirsk gas station
Authors:   National research Irkutsk state technical University, Drozdova Tatyana I. , Derevyanchenko Ivan S. ,   National research Irkutsk state technical University
Published: July 2019

In Svirsk, oil is supplied through the petrol station. Petrol stations are a source of technogenic danger as they use flammable substances - liquid motor fuel. It is necessary to assess the emergency risks during the loading and unloading operations. The simulation of emergency situations of tanker depressurization was performed. The software package TOXI+Risk was used for modeling. It was used to estimate the zones of damage factors in the emergency situation causing oil spilling and assess potential risks. The precition modeling of emergency situations during depressurization of a tanker was carried out. Possible causes of emergency oil spilling were identified and the graph-analytical model "failure tree" and "event tree" based on the logical-probabilistic approach was developed. During the tanker depressurization, fires are probable. The damage factors (intensity of thermal radiation) were determined a distance of up to 30 m. The simulation of consequences of explosions of the fuel-air mixture (FAM) showed the probability of damaging factors that cause damage and injuries. Collective and social risks for the personnel and third parties were calculated; fields of potential risk were developed. Zones of damaging factors cover only the territory of gas stations and do not reach residential areas. Predictive analysis of technogenic risks showed the possibility of emergency situations caused by tank depressurization, fuel leakage and fire. The predicted accident is of local character.
WT1 Gene Overexpression in Differential Diagnosis of Ph-Negative Myeloproliferative Disorders
Authors: Lomaia E.G. , Siordiya Nadiya Tamazovna , Lisina E.G. , Senderova O.M. , Silyutina A.A. , Zaritskey A.Yu.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To assess the rate of WT1 gene overexpression and its clinical value in Ph-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Materials & Methods. The trial included 72 patents with Ph-negative MPD. Among them there were patients with primary myelofibrosis (MF; n = 32), post-polycythemia vera MF (n = 7), polycythemia vera (PV; n = 17), and essential thrombocythemia (ET; n = 16) with median age of 57 years (range 19-78 years). Median (range) time from diagnosis to the date of evaluating WT1 expression in PV, ET, and MF was 9.4 (0-309), 14.4 (0-55), and 21.4 months (0-271 months), respectively. WT1 expression in terms of WT1 copies/104 ABL copies was measured by quantitative PCR. Results. WT1 gene overexpression is revealed solely in patients with MF (in 34/39; 87 %). In PV/ET no WT1 gene overexpression was observed. Median WT1 expression in MF was 230/104 ABL copies (range 42.2-9,316.45/104 ABL copies). Sensitivity and specificity of WT1 gene overexpression in MF with respect to PV/ET were 87 % and 100 %, respectively. A distinct correlation was identified between WT1 gene expression level and spleen size, duration of the disease, blast cell count, and DIPSS risk group. WT1 gene expression level could be correlated neither with age and sex, nor with MF mutation status and leucocyte, thrombocyte, and haemoglobin levels. Conclusion It appears that due to a high specificity and sensitivity of WT1 gene expression in MF it can be used as a marker for differential diagnosis of Ph-negative MPD. A correlation between WT1 gene expression and tumor mass in MF cannot be excluded. It is advisable to analyze the dynamics of WT1 expression level to predict the efficacy of current targeted therapy.
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in Patients with Aplastic Anemia: Challenges, Characteristics, and Analysis of Clinical Experience
Authors: Shilova Elena Romanovna , Glazanova T.V. , Chubukina Zh.V. , Rozanova O.E. , Zenina M.N. , Seltser A.V. , Rugal V.I. , Balashova V.A. , Kobilyanskaya V.A. , Krobinets I.I. , Udal'eva V.Yu. , Zotova I.I. , Stelmashenko L.V. , Romanenko N.A. , Zamotina T.B. , Khorsheva I.V. , Voloshin S.V.
Published: July 2019

Background & Aims. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a disease caused by an acquired clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells with clone cell membrane hypersensitivity to the complement. PNH can exist as an independent disease and can also be associated with other pathological conditions characterized by bone marrow deficiency, first of all with aplastic anemia (AA). In PNH-associated AA (AA/PNH) pathological clones may be initially of different size. In some patients a gradual growth of PNH clone is observed together with occurring signs of intravascular hemolysis and transformation into classical hemolytic PNH. In this case it is important to assess the clinical situation and determine eligibility for complement inhibitor therapy. During targeted therapy it is necessary to assess the efficacy of treatment based on monitoring of complement-mediated hemolysis and to identify probable reasons for insufficient effect. Materials & Methods. The paper deals with 1 clinical case. A female patient born in 1964, with initial diagnosis of AA was followed-up from 1989 till present at the Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology. Her treatment included blood-component therapy, the use of antilymphocyte immunoglobulin, cyclosporine, plasmapheresis, eculizumab, and symptom-relieving drugs. Results. The study deals with the case of transformation of non-severe AA with remission after immune-suppressive therapy into classical hemolytic PNH. The case report describes the characteristic features, AA/PNH diagnosis and treatment issues at different stages of the disease, and the reasons for incomplete effect of targeted therapy. Conclusion. The case under discussion confirms the relevance of current methods of detecting PNH clone at early stages of AA diagnosis and dynamic follow-up with respect to a probable growth of clone with PNH phenotype, especially at the stage of hematopoietic recovery. Determination of PNH clone size and lactate dehydrogenase serum level is required for timely amendment of treatment strategy with a switch to long-term targeted monitoring of hemolysis which allows to prevent irreversible visceral changes and severe complications. In case of insufficient effect of targeted therapy with ongoing anemia Coombs test is recommended because of probability of C3-mediated extravascular hemolysis.
PROFIL KERUSAKAN NUKLEUS SEL HELA OLEH INDUKSI EKSTRAK ETHANOL CURCUMA LONGA
Authors: Putri Denise Utami , Hutomo Suryani , Susilowati Heni
Published: July 2019

Kunyit (Curcuma longa) merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis dan sub tropis dan banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Kurkumin yang merupakan unsur utama kunyit, merupakan antioksidan yang kuat. Penelitian terdahulu melaporkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik Curcuma longa menyebabkan kematian separuh jumlah sel HeLa pada konsentrasi 184,5 μg/ml, dan sebagian besar merupakan apoptosis, tetapi profil kematian sel belum jelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil kematian sel akibat efek sitotoksisitas ekstrak kunyit pada cell line kanker serviks (HeLa) secara in vitro. Konsentrasi ekstak kunyit yang digunakan adalah 150 μg/ml dan 100 μg/ml. Sel HeLa (5 x10⁴ sel/well) dikultur dalam RPMI 1640 semalam sebelum stimulasi. Ekstrak etanol kunyit (150 μg/ml atau dan 100 μg/ml) ditambahkan pada kultur HeLa dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam dalam medium tanpa antibiotik. Analisis profil kematian sel HeLa dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop fluoresence setelah pewarnaan dengan Hoechst 33342. Doksorubisin (0,5625 μg/ml) digunakan sebagai kontrol positif induksi apoptosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Curcuma longa menyebabkan kerusakan sel yang ditandai dengan fragmentasi nukleus. Analisa statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kelompok stimulasi dalam jumlah sel yang mengalami kerusakan. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Curcuma longa mampu menginduksi kerusakan sel HeLa yang mengarah pada apoptosis.
Migratory Processes on the Imperial Majesty Lands of the Kuzbass Region in the late XIX Century
Authors: Karpinets Alexey Yu.
Published: July 2019

The research features the migratory processes on the so-called Cabinet lands that belonged to the Tsar family and were located on the territory of the present day Kuzbass region. The paper focuses on the period of the late 1860s – early 1890s. The research objective was to present data on the main problems and features of the local resettlement movement. A detailed analysis of the statistical and narrative data was based on the works by N. A. Vaganov, I. E. Ovsyankin, N. M. Yadrintsev, etc. The subject remained largely understudied, which makes the material applicable for educational and scientific purposes. The author identified and characterized the stages of migratory process and its dynamics. The research proved that the Kuznetsk district was not "the promised land" for Russians, unlike the Barnaul and the Biysk districts. Due to its mountains and dense forests, it was unattractive for peasants from the central part of the Russian Empire, who were used to flat steppes. Nevertheless, the Kuznetsk land became home for several thousand peasants who settled here in the second half of the XIX century.
The Meat Industry of the Krasnoyarsk Region in 1956–1965
Authors: Pavlyukevich Ruslan V.
Published: July 2019

The research features the development of Krasnoyarsk meat processing industry in the years of political struggle and rule of N. S. Khrushchev. The research objective was to determine the main trends and results in the development of the Krasnoyarsk meat industry during its reform. The work was based on the modernization approach, as there was a new breakthrough of industrial development in Siberia in the period under consideration. After Stalin's death, the control system he created could no longer function. As a result of the political struggle, N. S. Khrushchev came to power and transformed the economic system based on the principle of territorial management. He gave an important place to the development of the food industry. He urged people to catch up and overtake American meat production. The new system opened up new opportunities for the development of remote areas. Local elites were given an important role in the development of the regions. The new management system gave an additional impetus to the development of the meat industry of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The management of the industry was able to use additional finances for the development of enterprises, as well as the capacity of local engineering, construction, etc. As a result, the material base of local enterprises was improved, and the production of finished products increased, which improved the living standards of the local population. The experience, with certain reservations, can be useful today. In the context of the complexity of the geopolitical situation and counter-sanctions in the food industry, rethinking the successes and mistakes of the past can develop a more balanced development policy.
Body Image in Women during Midlife
Authors: Belogai Ksenia N.
Published: July 2019

The present paper deals with the body image formed in women during the period of middle adulthood, or midlife. The research featured Russian-speaking women, who demonstrated a global trend in that they expressed mainly negative ideas about their body and a standard dissatisfaction with their appearance. The women were concerned with their body weight, shape, and functional characteristics. In middle adulthood, body image is determined, to a large extent, by the exclusively female bodily experience, i.e. menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. For instance, women with a positive attitude towards their own body were less likely to have abortions or miscarriages, complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In addition, they expressed more pronounced positive feelings associated with the movement of the fetus in the womb. In general, positive body image was found to form in those pregnant women who moved on from evaluating their appearance to evaluating the functionality of their body. The data also showed that the body image in women aged 25–40 depended on the body mass index: women with a lower body mass index had a more positive body image.
Learnt Helplessness Prevention System in the Course of Caring Professions Training: Prospects of Implementation
Authors: Volkova Olesya V.
Published: July 2019

The methodological horizons of contemporary science are expanding as well as the range of applied issues of psychology. One of the tasks of modern psychology is to increase human resistance to potential psychological problems. Psychological prevention is especially important for future experts in caring professions, e.g. medical psychologists and doctors, who will regularly interact with people with learned helplessness complicated by somatic and psychological violations. The present study assesses the potential prospects of including the system of learned helplessness prevention in the curriculum of the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University for senior and post-degree students majoring in clinical psychology and medical assistance.
Developing Intercultural Sensitivity in Students of Linguistics
Authors: Pomuran Natalja N. , Kirichenko Elena N.
Published: July 2019

The research deals with the specific features of developing intercultural sensitivity in students of Linguistics in a non- linguistic environment. The paper comprises scientific literature analysis on intercultural sensitivity and the factors of its development. Chen and Starosta's five-factor Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, supplemented by a questionnaire, was employed to measure intercultural sensitivity of 1st, 2nd, and 3d year students majoring in Linguistics. The calculations employed the methods of statistical processing of Student T-test and Fisher criterion. The intercultural sensitivity of students was above average (mean value = 89.47), whereas the increase of all components of intercultural sensitivity, except "Interaction confidence", correlated with the level of foreign language proficiency. In addition, senior students revealed more respect for cultural differences, though they were less confident than junior ones. Moreover, the difference between these two components increased from the 1st year to the3d year of study. Finally, interaction confidence increased if students had travelled overseas and had an experience of interaction with culturally different counterparts. The results and conclusions can be used for the design of programs and training courses for translators and teachers of foreign languages in a non-linguistic environment.
Game Platform as an Instrument of Psychological Correction of Cognitive Impairment in Cardiac Patients
Authors: Solodukhin Anton V.
Published: July 2019

This review article deals with the possibilities of psychological correction of cognitive impairment in cardiac patients using gaming platforms. It introduces some data on the prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly. The author gives a classification of cognitive impairment according to severity and the main manifestations of psychological maladjustment, together with a detailed description of aspontanity, inertness, and inactivity. The paper also describes the main diagnostic methods used in the neuropsychological diagnosis of cognitive impairment. The author analyzed the effectiveness of cognitive training for the restoration of cognitive functions. The analysis showed that improvement of cognitive processes is most often observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment and moderate cognitive deficit. The article also present design limits of a digital game environment that must be considered when developing remedial development programs. There is a list of advantages of using a game platform in the correction of cognitive impairments compared to cognitive training programs without the use of game design elements. As an example of a correctional development program, the author introduces a game platform, which consists of four levels of complexity and can be used in the correction of cognitive impairments in cardiac patients.
Internal Image of Pregnancy in Women with Somatic Complications and Possible Miscarriage
Authors: Ulianich Anna L. , Bokhan Tatyana G. , Leshchinskaia Svetlana B. , Agarkova Lyubov A. , Kutsenko Irina G. , Miheenko Galina A.
Published: July 2019

The article describes some characteristics of the internal image of pregnancy in women with a possible miscarriage during a complicated pregnancy. The study involved 230 women from three groups: those with an extragenital pathology, those with an HIV infection, and those with an IVF pregnancy. The experiment employed the following psychological methods: The Beck Depression Inventory; Self-Assessment of Psychological States (H. Aysenk); The Questionnaire of reproductive motives "My Pregnancy" (O. Magdenko); The Semantic Differential Scale (C. Osgud), which reveals the attitude of women towards such concepts as "Me myself", "My Pregnancy", "My Child", "My Future"; the "Quality of Life" Questionnaire (SF-26). The authors indentified the common and specific characteristics of the internal image of pregnancy for each group. On the level of bodily experience, all the women experienced a sense of restrictions during physical exercise and social contacts. For the extragenital pathology group, the pro-life choice was connected with achieving a new social status. The HIV group revealed a depressive state related to pregnancy. For the IVF group, pregnancy was connected with unfulfilled needs: in love, care, attention, acceptance, desire to change their lives, overcome past failures, etc. The results can be used in psychological practice in antenatal clinics, maternity homes, centers of reproductive technologies, and AIDS prevention and treatment centers.
Motivating Signs of the Concepts “Zvezda” and “Star” in Comparative Aspect
Authors: Bakirova Aigul A.
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the contrastive study of the linguacultural concepts “zvezda” in Russian and “star” in English. Modern typological, comparative, and contrastive studies are aimed at defining common and distinctive characteristics of linguistic development of reality by human in related and non-closely related languages. Linguits search for parallels and differences in the course of cognitive-discursive reconstruction of linguocultural concepts. The article introduces a complex methodology of researching the language verbalization of conceptual characteristics. The algorithm of systematic study is demonstrated on the analysis of the concept “zvezda” in Russian and “star” in English. The research takes into account the following factors: 1) motivating features based on etymological dictionaries; 2) actualizing the revealed features in contexts; 3) defining the syncretic meanings. The author analyzed the etymological dictionaries of the languages and revealed 10 motivating signs for “zvezda” and 12 of motivating signs for “star”, some of which overlap. The presence of common motivating signs in the structures of the concepts suggests that the stars were interpreted by carriers of Russian and English linguacultures in a similar way. The signs “nebesnyi / heavenly” – located on the sky, “telo / body” – the mythopoetic perception of stars as the eyes of gods; “siianie / sparkling” – ability to emit light. It indicates a relationship of adequate congruency of the motivating signs. The following motivating signs showed some difference. Russian sign include “svetilo” (light-emitting body), “blesk” (brilliance), “mertsanie” (shimmer), “nepodvizhnost” (immobility), “kometa” (comet), “otmetina (na lbu zhivotnogo loshadi / korovy)” (a mark on the forehead of a horse / cow) and “serebro” (silver); in English – “not including the sun and moon”, “strewer or spreader, or disperser of light”, “sprinkling”, “constellate”, “born under unlucky star”, “disaster”, “disastrous”. This testifies to the different perception of the given concepts by the linguacultures under consideration. These data reflect the mechanism of concept formation and can serve as a basis for further development.
Metaphorical Terms as Part of English Legal Terminology
Authors: Gavrilova Irina A.
Published: July 2019

The present research features the role of metaphorical term formation in the Anglo-American legal term system on the basis of a multi-aspect analysis of a lexicographic source. A thorough examination showed that metaphorization is a full-featured but not productive mechanism of terminology production in the sphere of jurisprudence. Metaphorical terms that function in major, specialized, and complex branches of law represent less than 1% of all terminological units recorded in the ABBYY Press legal dictionary. The paper focuses on mono-lexemic and poly-lexemic legal terms formed by metaphorization. Two- and three-component metaphorical terms were found most frequent. This fact can be explained both by the binary essence of the metaphorical process itself and by a high degree of specification of the legal concept. The position of the metaphorical component was taken into account when the terminological combinations were systematized. The paper contains some examples of various types of metaphoric shift in term formation: reframing according to (1) functional analogy, (2) identity of the produced impression, (3) size correspondence, (4) similarity of origin, (5) the presence of related properties, and (6) the same extension in space. The author singled out anthropomorphic, socio-morphic, artifactual, and nature-morphic metaphorical models of legal term formation. The predominant distribution of anthropomorphic legal metaphors reached almost 50% of the whole selection of examples. The paper describes and illustrates conceptual source spheres of all four categories of terminological metaphors in the legal field. As for some vague cases, the author specified the significative zone of the metaphor according to its figurative-semantic focus. In addition, the study differentiated universal and nationally-marked legal metaphorical terms. Particular attention in this classification was given to metaphorical terms that bear precedent phenomena which are part of the cognitive base of the English-speaking socio-cultural community and serve as a key to understanding its legal norms.
Ethnonyms of North-Eastern Russia as a Special Layer of Regionalisms
Authors: Teikin Mikhail S.
Published: July 2019

Russian regional features became a subject of scientific attention in the late 1960s – early 1970s when scientists began to study old dialects, new regiolects, and how some regionalisms entered general use. Scientists usually focused on the literary speech peculiarities of local residents. As a rule, ethnonyms of small-numbered peoples have a very narrow circulation and belong to regionalisms. However, Russian ethnonyms remain understudied from the angle of their regional component, particularly the ethnonyms of the North-East. The present article deals with the ethnonyms of small-numbered peoples in the Russian North-East. The author describes how regionalisms transferred from the regiolect to the common language in the course of 20th century. The paper also features the most relevant mistakes in the ethnonyms with similar pronunciation. The author conducted a survey to investigate the comprehension level of the north-eastern ethnonyms by the residents of Magadan and cities of Central Russia and define their frequency.
"Asri Musulmanliq" (1924–1927) – the First Muslim Journal of Crimea
Authors: Yablonovskaya Natalia V. , Dzhelilova Lenyara Sh.
Published: July 2019

The research features the first Muslim Crimean magazine "Asri Musulmanliq" ("Modern Islam"): its history, structure, typological and problem-thematic peculiarities, etc. The authors refer to the situation of the Muslims of Crimea in the 1920s, the history of the National Administration of Religious Affairs of Muslims of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and its media organ, the monthly religious, scientific and philosophical journal "Asri Musulmanliq" (1924–1927). The topics of the Journal are considered in close cooperation with the life of the Muslim Ummah of the Crimean Peninsula, the leading trends of the time, and the tasks of the authors of the publication. The authors concentrate on the religious and moral content of the journal, which tried to enlighten its Muslim readers, and the Soviet realities with their model of the "new man". The Journal contained numerous articles on the dangers of drinking, the need to observe hygiene and get rid of prejudices and superstitions, on the equal rights of men and women, including education, etc. All these ideas had their roots in the norms of Islam. However, they also corresponded with the social renewal and healthy lifestyle, promoted by the Soviet press in the 1920s. According to the authors, "Asri Musulmanliq" was a unique publication. Its articles: 1) revealed the ideological views and main directions of the activity of the National Administration of Religious Affairs of Muslims of Crimea; 2) combined the realities of the new era with traditional Islamic issues and Crimean Tatar’s journalism. The latter originated from I. Gasprinsky’s editions, which dwelled on the civic and religious education, women's rights, unity of the Turkic world, etc.
¿De lo masculino a lo femenino?
Authors: Restrepo Quintero Katherine , Isaza Castro Jairo Guillermo
Published: July 2019

Para explicar el grado de discriminación salarial en la profesión contable existe un número relativamente pequeño de estudios que emplea técnicas económicas. Esta investigación utiliza microdatos tomados de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares de Colombia (2008-2012) para caracterizar la evolución de la brecha salarial por género mediante la descomposición Blinder-Oaxaca. Como principal hallazgo se identificó que, a pesar de tener niveles educativos más altos, las mujeres están en desventaja salarial frente a los hombres por discriminación. En efecto, la productividad, la escolarización y la experiencia profesional representan mejores rendimientos para los contadores masculinos. Independientemente de que en el siglo XXI las mujeres hayan incursionado masivamente en esta profesión, se evidencia una problemática social y cultural en torno a la igualdad de oportunidades laborales para ellas.
On irregular wars, insurgencies and how to counter them
Authors: Miron Marina
Published: July 2019

This article takes the current debate between the enemy-centric and the population-centric approaches as a point of departure to make its contribution by shifting the focus from the operational and tactical to the strategic realm. To this end, it traces the meanings of each approach to its historical origins, discussing the theoretical underpinnings as to distill the basic tenets and to evaluate to what extent each is suitable to counter an insurgency. The central argument of this article is that while both approaches have different "philosophies," they are two sides of the same coin. Thus, what needs to be taken into account is the strategic dimension and, logically enough, the political, when referring to counterinsurgency as the two will be determinant in which approach is employed.
ANAIS DA XXXIX SEMANA MÉDICA, XVI COMA - CONGRESSO MÉDICO ACADÊMICO E XI CONGRESSO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA FACULDADE DE MEDICINA DE ITAJUBÁ - MG - 6 A 9 DE MAIO DE 2019
Authors: Da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá - MG Comissão Organizadora
Published: July 2019

Caros Congressistas,Com grande satisfação, a Faculdade de Medicina da Itajubá (FMIT), em parceria ao Diretório Acadêmico Oito de Outubro (DAMED), anunciam a 39a Semana Médica concomitante ao XV Congresso Médico Acadêmico – COMA e ao X Congresso de Iniciação Científica, a serem realizados entre os dias 6 a 9 de maio de 2019. O evento é de caráter representativo de todas as áreas da saúde, e para tanto, procurou-se organizá-lo priorizando os temas de interesse aos alunos, além de trazer os ex-alunos de volta à sua casa. Contamos também com o apoio imprescindível de nossos patrocinadores, sem o qual não seria possível a realização do evento.
Geometry of Cauto-Guacanayabo basin, Cuba
Authors: Vazquez Taset Yaniel Misael
Published: July 2019

The Cauto-Guacanayabo basin is located in the southern part of the Guacanayabo-Nipe tectonic corridor, Eastern Cuba, and records the evidence of the evolution of the Cuban Orogen. The objective of this work is to determine the geometry of the sedimentary infill of the basin, as well as the relationship between the units that constitute it. This study is based on the interpretation of several 2D seismic lines, geological data of surface and boreholes. Four tectonosequences have been defined (TSA, TSB, TSC, TSD) delimited by four regional unconformities in the basin (U-0, U-1, U-2, U-3). The TSA is formed by Charco Redondo, Puerto Boniato, Farallón Grande and San Luís formations, with ages from the middle Eocene to the upper Eocene. The Sevilla Arriba, Paso Real, Camazán and Güines formations constitute the TSB; its age varies between the upper Oligocene and the middle Miocene. The TSC covers a period of age between the middle Miocene and the lower Pliocene and is composed of the Cabo Cruz and Manzanillo formations. The TSD is formed by the Río Maya, Dátil, Bayamo, Cauto, Jaimanitas, Villarroja, Río Macío, and Jutia formations, and the informal stratigraphic unit Marga Demajagua. The age of this tectonosequence varies between the upper Pliocene and the Holocene. This study brings new knowledge about Cuban synorogenic strike-slip basins. In addition, it allows us to understand how the complexity and compartmentalization of the sedimentary infill of the basin are the results of the evolution of the Cauto-Nipe sinistral strike-slip fault.
Microalgae species as potential inhibitors of the bioactivity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimps
Authors: Figueroa Freddy , Aldaz Bryan
Published: July 2019

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative motile bacteria belonging to Vibrionaceae family causing cytotoxicity in cultured cells and enterotoxicity in animal models. Similarly, this bacterium is a major foodborne pathogen that causes life-threatening diseases in human, including gastroenteritis and septicemia, via consumption of contaminated seafood. Based on the increasing interest in developing novel environmental friendly solutions for the inhibition of the bioactivity of V. parahaemolyticus, microalgae species have emerged as potential candidates due to the microbiota associated with microalgae cultures, oxygen radicals produced during the photosynthetic process and the production of secondary metabolites, useful for antibacterial properties. In the present review, conventional treatments concerning V. parahaemolyticus bioactivity have been presented. However, in terms of effectiveness, numerous studies explaining the use of microalgae species for antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus have been detailed suggesting that microalgae-based treatment are considerably better. Finally, we presented a proposed microalgae-based solution that can act as an inhibitor of V. parahaemolyticus bioactivity and therefore can be applied in the aquaculture industrial field to improve productivity and reduce costs.
A Hemophilia Disorder Review: Gene Therapy for Hemophilia B Treatment using rAAV vectors
Authors: Claudia Sofía Abad Gallardo , Brian David Merchán Muñoz
Published: July 2019

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the deficiency in one protein essential for blood coagulation. There are two main types of variants of this disease; hemophilia A (HA) which is related with blood clotting factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency and hemophilia B (HB) which is related with factor IX (FIX) deficiency. Nowadays, there are several options to treat this disorder, however, the most efficient is gene therapy since it has a long-term effect, and contrasts with traditional methods. This review is focused on hemophilia B treatment because FIX is a smaller protein than FVIII (<1kb), and thereby is easier to study. Within gene therapy, methods which use recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are the best alternative to treat HB since they are safe and reliable. Moreover, rAAV vectors have the advantage of having a low inflammatory potential, a non-pathogenic status, plus the potential for long-term expression of the transferred gene. However, some patients showed an immune response to the capsids of the vectors before treatment. Hence, possible solutions were needed; one of them being the use of anti-antibodies. Finally, clinical trials results showed that under the use of the optimized codon hFIXco and serotype 8 the levels of expression were persistent, demonstrating the potential of gene therapy for hemophilia B treatment.
Alzheimer’s disease: An overview of the current treatments
Authors: Serrano-Larrea Carolina , Clavijo-Calderón David
Published: July 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects millions of people around the world and although there are treatments that help control symptoms and slow down the progress of the disease, there is still no cure. Current treatments include three acetylcholine inhibitors, a glutamate inhibitor and a combination of the two. Due to the failure of hundreds of clinical trials with monotherapies, multitarget treatments are currently being investigated that consider both brain and peripheral factors. Gene therapy is one of the most promising therapies to treat and prevent the development of AD. Nowadays, there is no available medical treatment based on gene therapy to treat AD; however, there are treatments in phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials with promising results. In this review, we will focus on the most important gene therapy treatments, CERE-110 (adeno-associated virus AAV2-Nerve Growth Factor), Intracerebral AAV gene delivery of APOE2 and gene therapy using PPARγ-coactivator-1α(PGC-1α)
Bacteriophages applications in agriculture
Authors: Cordova Airina Valentina , Laglaguano Juan Carlos
Published: July 2019

The bacteriophages life cycle has two stages: a lytic stage where the phages reproduce inside the bacteria and lyse bacteria and a lysogenic stage where the phage is in a stationary stage where do not exist phage reproduction. The understanding of the life cycle of phages is fundamental to understand the advantages of phage offers as biological control applications and how engineered phages work. The bacteriophages are an alternative to fight against the antimicrobial or pesticides because phages offer advantages such as high host specificity, the ability of long term effect, are active against dividing or not dividing bacterial cells, effective elimination of biofilms and are capable vehicles for nucleic acids delivery. Phages have been isolated from water or soil samples in different parts of the world and for specific bacterial pathogens. In the following review, in the main topics in bacteriophages and its applications in agriculture: the bacteriophages life cycle, advantages of phages in biological control applications, the last isolated phages and described for different pathogens and the last advances in phage engineering applications for biological control.
Modular Catheter Systems in Minimally Invasive Interventional Medical Procedures: Case Study
Authors: Beach Bradley , Scansen Brian A
Published: July 2019

Background

Medical device catheters that are used in minimally invasive interventional medical procedures all follow the same integrated design and use paradigm. The features and elements of any catheter device are combined in a single unitary construction. A modular approach to the design, construction, and use of these types of interventional catheters may provide significant advantages and benefits not available with an integrated design paradigm.

Objective

This paper aimed to present the design of a modular catheter system and the findings from an initial veterinary use as a case study for the potential of modular catheter systems in general.

Methods

A modular catheter system was designed using commercially available angioplasty balloon dilatation catheters as one module in the system and a custom designed scoring adapter as the other module. The scoring adapter incorporates wires to add scoring features to the angioplasty balloon catheter to improve the dilatation performance during a pulmonary valvuloplasty procedure. The scoring adapter also includes a novel attachment mechanism to couple the scoring adapter to any 0.035-inch guidewire–compatible angioplasty balloon catheter.

Results

The modular catheter system was successfully designed, manufactured, and used in an initial minimally invasive veterinary cardiovascular intervention to treat a case of canine subvalvular pulmonary stenosis. The scoring adapter and angioplasty balloon catheter were successfully combined tableside in the operating room at the time of the procedure and used to successfully dilate the subvalvular obstruction.

Conclusions

The successful design and use of the presented modular catheter system demonstrates the feasibility and potential advantages of this type of paradigm to enable physicians to create interventional catheter devices at the time of a procedure guided by the procedural needs.