bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Comorbidity: A Comparative Study
Authors: Khalkhali Mohammadrasoul , Vaghari Safarali , Zare Roghaye , Kafi Masouleh Seyed Mousa
Published: March 2022

Objective: One of the difficult comorbidity of Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD) to manage is bipolar disorder (BD). Results of previous studies on OCD-BD comorbidity may have been affected by different clinical definitions of OCD-BD, small or different sample sizes, different thresholds for including BD patients and different accuracies in OCD diagnosing. We tried to reduce limitations of previous studies and hypothesized that the OCD-BD group is a unique category and can be associated with greater levels of severity, episodic course of illness, more hostility and suicidal behaviors and different dimensions of OC symptoms.
Method: We compared 44 OCD-BD patients with 94 OCD patients who had completed at least a 24-month follow-up period. Clinical interviews and rating scales, and obtaining information from clinical charts were used to assess the patients. Life chartings of OCD and BD course were made for each patient and were categorized into four groups based on the clinical course of OCD.
Results: OCD-BD was characterized by a more continuous course, higher dysfunction, suicide and hostility scores. OC aggressive symptoms, having first-degree relatives with OCD and comorbidity of any anxiety disorders were associated with a reduction in odds of belonging to the OCD-BD group.
Conclusion: OCD-BD can be considered a unique category with greater morbidity and a more episodic course of OCD. Further research is recommended for exploring potential biological, social and psychological factors along with OCD-BD comorbidity.
Burnout and Mental Health of COVID-19 Frontline Healthcare Workers: Results from an Online Survey
Authors: Babamiri Mohammad , Bashirian Saeid , Khazaei Salman , Sadegh Sohrabi Mohammad , Heidarimoghadam Rashid , Mortezapoor Alireza , Zareian Sepide
Published: March 2022

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has been prolonged and healthcare workers have become exhausted. The purpose of this study was to investigate burnout and its relationship with mental health in COVID-19 frontline healthcare workers.
Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in all hospitals where patients with COVID-19 were admitted in Hamedan, Iran. With the census method and considering the inclusion criteria, 924 COVID-19 frontline healthcare workers participated in this study. Data were collected using a web-based survey consisting of demographic characteristics, GHQ-28, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 14.
Results: The results showed that the main cause of concern and stress in employees was that it was not clear how long this situation would continue. The results regarding burnout and mental health showed that 29.33% of participants were high in emotional exhaustion (EE), 10.93% were high in depersonalization (DP), 34.31% were low in personal accomplishment (PA), 50.4% had physical symptoms, 50.2% had anxiety and insomnia symptoms, 62.2% had social dysfunction and 17.5% had depression symptoms. The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that EE had the greatest role in reducing mental health of employees with OR = 6.92 for moderate EE and OR = 39.42 for high EE (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: COVID-19 frontline healthcare workers are at risk for burnout and poor mental health. Health policies should be implemented to help reduce burnout in healthcare workers. Also, person-directed and organizational-directed interventions to rejuvenate these employees seem necessary.
Knowledge Level of Health Care Providers about Complicated Grief during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dashti Sareh , Fathi Najafi Tahereh , Mohammadzadeh Fatemeh , Rezaei Kalat Afsaneh , Bahri Narjes
Published: March 2022

Objective: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID -19) pandemic had great psychological impact on COVID-19 patients and their families. Relatives of the deceased COVID-19 patients are at risk for complicated grief. Healthcare providers (HCPs) should be able to identify complicated grief cases. The aim of this study was to assess HCP knowledge regarding complicated grief during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed and validated before being used in this study. The questionnaire included demographic questions as well as knowledge about complicated grief and its symptoms, risk factors and management. The link to the questionnaire website was sent to HCP governmental and private sectors. Data was analyzed using the ordinal regression model by the SPSS 16 software.
Results: A total of 887 HCPs (69% female and 31% male) participated in this study. Majority of the participants (594, 70%) had fair overall knowledge about complicated grief while 206 (23.2%) participants had poor knowledge. Poor knowledge level about risk factors for complicated grief was observed in 44.3% of the participants. Fair or poor knowledge about prevention and management of complicate grief was observed in 39.2% of participants. Knowledge about complicated grief had a significant positive relationship with female gender (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.15-2.08) and higher education level (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.37-2.54).
Conclusion: Knowledge of HCPs about complicated grief was low. There is need for HCP knowledge improvement regarding complicated grief by appropriate education.
Correlation between Fear of Missing Out and Night Eating Syndrome among University Students
Authors: Ghalib Qutishat Mohammed , Dameery Khloud Al , Omari Omar Al , Qadire Mohammad Al
Published: March 2022

Objective: The aim was to explore the relationship between Night Eating Syndrome (NES) and experiencing Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) among college students in Oman.
Method: A descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design was performed on 266 university students studying at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Night Eating Syndrome and Fear of Missing Out questionnaires. Data analysis was performed through Pearson correlation, One-way ANOVA and independent t-test using SPSS 24 software
Results: The participants’ ages ranged between 18 and 30 years (M = 21.15; SD = 1.97). The majority of the participants were female (204, 76.7%), single (266, 97.7%), and 152 (57.1%) lived on campus Overall, a weak positive and nonsignificant correlation between FoMO and NES and a significant difference between males and females in the mean score of FoMO (P = 0.005) was noticed. The mean score of NES among students who live on campus was higher than for those living off campus (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study explored a limited aspect of the relationship between fear of missing out and night eating behaviors among university students in Oman. There was no significant direct relationship between both variables. The study needs to be repeated using a larger sample size and more rigorous methods to calculate the number of snacks/day, and the number of meals/day
Experiencing Pain or Orgasm with Color Synesthesia: A Rare Case in a Young Previously Healthy Male
Authors: Rezaei Kalat Afsaneh , Jafarzadeh Esfehani Reza , Farid Hosseini Farhad
Published: March 2022

Objective: Synesthesia is a unique experience with an unclear mechanism. The clinical condition usually presents when a sensation stimulates other senses. While more than 150 types of synesthesia have been reported; however, some types are considered uncommon, and co-occurrence of these rare types of synesthesia are rare. In the present report, we described a case of synesthesia with experience of pain and orgasm in color.
Method: A 31-year old healthy male presented with visual equity changes during orgasm. In addition, he described a color-pain sensation every time he experienced severe chest pain during his childhood. None of these sensations negatively affected his daily or sexual life. Based on the patient’s history, a possible diagnosis of synesthesia was made and further clinical evaluations were performed.
Results: The patient did not have any color vision abnormalities or problems in solving Hooper visual organization test, bells test, Rey complex figure test, card sorting test, and Trail making tests. The Brief Male Sexual Inventory did not reveal any sexual dysfunction. Therefore, regarding the patient's experiences without any visual disturbance and absence of any underlying diseases, the diagnosis of synesthesia was made.
Conclusion: The present report demonstrates coexistence of a rare form of synesthesia as orgasm to color with specific pain to color synesthesia. In contrast to previous reports, our case demonstrated color orgasm as a type of synesthesia that might not negatively affect sex life in men.
Assessment of air pollution in the informal settlements of the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Madonsela Benett Siyabonga , Maphanga Thabang , Chidi Boredi Silas , Shale Karabo , Zungu Vincent
Published: March 2022

Introduction: South Africa has the highest ambient air pollution exposure associated with morbidity in the Sub-Saharan region, accounting for a total number of 14356 confirmed cases of mortality on an annual basis. The study assessed air pollution exposure levels of Khayelitsha and Marconi-Beam neighbourhoods that are not monitored by the fixed-site monitoring station provided by the government.
Materials and methods: Weekly ambient air pollution measurements of Particulate Matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) were collected at households in neighbourhoods of Khayelitsha and Marconi-Beam during the summer and winter seasons. PM2.5 measurements were collected using Mesa Labs GK2.05 (KTL) cyclone attached to a GilAir Plus air sampling pump. Gases of NO2 were measured using passive diffusive samplers. Data were recorded on a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0. The outcome of the seasonal exposure levels will be compared with the South African ambient air quality standards to ascertain the risk of potential exposure to significant levels of PM2.5 and NO2 that are hazardous to human health.
Results: The results suggest that summer NO2 concentrations in the Khayelitsha neighbourhood ranged between (0 and 28 μg/m3), while in winter NO2 concentrations nearly doubled. A similar trend was observed regarding PM2.5 behaviour with summer overall exposure level of 7 μg/m3 and 13 μg/m3 during winter.
Conclusion: Whilst there are no legislative guidelines to compare the measured weekly average results, the concentrations were still lower than the World Health Organization (WHO), and South African air quality standards values for PM2.5 and NO2 pollutants.
Fabrication of electrospun membranes for air sampling applications: A statistical optimization approach
Authors: Khalilinejad Amin , Akhlaghi Pirposhteh Elham , Jafari Mohammad Javad , Farhangian Mohadese , Tavakol Elaheh , Farhang Dehghan Somayeh
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The applicability of Nanofiber (NF) membranes in air sampling of pollutants for the purpose of determining the airborne concentration has received little attention around the world. The present study aims to optimize the fabrication of NF membrane for the of air sampling application.
Materials and methods: The polyvinyl chloride NF membranes were fabricated using needle-based solution electrospinning technique. The experimental design was prepared by Design-Expert v7.0 and data analysis was done by Central Composite Design (CCD) base on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique. The ability of the fabricated membranes in air sampling applications was performed by sampling of airborne crystalline silica by them using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH7602) method and then comparing with the commercial PVC membranes.
Results: The fabricated NF membranes had a mean porosity of 31.60% compared to a porosity of 25.1% in the case of commercial Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) membranes. The electrospun NF membranes had mean pressure drop of 194.23 Pa, which is lower than the 204 Pa pressure drop of commercial PVC filters. The mean concentration of silica sampled by the electrospun NF membrane was 0.14 mg/m3 while this was 0.03 mg/m3 for commercial PVC membrane. The difference concentration of crystalline silica sampled by NF and commercial PVC membranes had the strongest relationship with the electrospinning solution concentration (r=-0.785, p>0.05).
Conclusion: The NF membrane has high performance in sampling the crystalline silica dust from the air stream compared to commercial PVC membranes.
Investigation of type and density of bacterial bioaerosols in the air of Imam Hossein hospital in Tehran in 2018
Authors: Maleki Ramin , Nazari Sepideh
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Hospital microorganisms are the potential sources of infection for patients and staff. Exposure to bioaerosols is relevant to a wide range of health effects, including infectious diseases, acute toxic effects, and allergies.
Materials and methods: In this study, ZTHV02 sampling device was used to evaluate and determine the density of bacterial airborne bioaerosols. The culture medium used in this study was tryptophan agar for bacterial agents to which the antibiotic cyclohexamide was added to prevent fungal growth. Sampling time was 10 min on average. The collected samples were immediately taken to the laboratory and incubated for 48 h. Then the number of colonies was counted and the bacteria were identified. Finally, bacterial density was expressed in CFU/m3.
Results: The results showed that the mean total density of bacteria measured in Imam Hossein hospital were 16.07 CFU/m3. The ICU unit of Imam Hossein hospital has the highest bacterial contamination. The most abundant bacteria observed in the air of Imam Hossein hospital were enterococci, Pseudomonas species, coagulase negative staphylococci, Klebsilla species and group D non-enterococcal streptococci, respectively.
Conclusion: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Enterococcus species were obtained. The number of bacteria was not significantly related to ambient temperature and humidity, but their number in the evening shift (appointment time) was significantly higher than the morning shift (p<0.05). High density of airborne bacteria in the studied hospitals can be considered as an important risk factor for the health of employees and patients.
Prevention of indoor air pollution through design and construction certification–A review of the sick building syndrome conditions
Authors: Samudro Harida , Samudro Ganjar , Mangkoedihardjo Sarwoko
Published: March 2022

Indoor quality is an important and necessary concern towards indoor use, which sustains the health of the occupants. Indoor health is the resultant of exposure to all building materials, the contents of room equipment, occupant activities, and the ability of the space to eliminate negative effects on life. This paper adequately describes sources of pollutant exposure, pollutant movement, biological processes, health impacts, all of which can cause Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Furthermore, indoor depollution measures to counteract SBS need to be carried out at the stages of building design and construction. Based on the interests and needs, here it is necessary to propose a certification of potential SBS at the design and construction stages. Thus, SBS responsibilities can be proportionately distributed to designers, contractors, and building users.
Unawareness; The Reason of Delayed Diagnosis of Niemann Pick Disease Type C and the Birth of Another Involved Sibling
Authors: Amirkashani Davoud , Edalatkhah Roohollah
Published: March 2022

Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is an autosomal recessive neurovisceral lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in either the NPC1 or the NPC2 gene. It shows a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes and a variable age at diagnosis. As most patients have normal routine examinations (MRI, cerebrospinal fluid, electrophysiology, and so on), its diagnosis is often a challenge, and the start of treatment delays for several years.
Case Report: We reported a 9-year-old boy who presented with Stuttered speech, hepatosplenomegaly, and up and downward gaze palsy whose Niemann Pick disease was not diagnosed during infancy due to unawareness. Dried blood spot assay and genetic study confirmed the diagnosis of Niemann Pick disease type C.
Conclusion: Due to the high rate of consanguineous marriages and NPC presentation with atypical phenotypes, more educational programs for pediatricians, hematologists, neurologists, endocrinologists, and clinicians help the appropriate and timely diagnosis and prevent another involved sibling.
Dossiê especial sobre Direitos Humanos em Moçambique
Authors: Nhaueleque Laura António , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira , Araújo Wagner dos Reis Marques , Andrade Roberta Ferreira Coelho de , Andrade Aldair Oliveira de
Published: March 2022

O dossiê especial sobre Direitos Humanos em Moçambique que aqui se apresenta reúne textos que abordam várias perspectivas em torno da situação dos direitos humanos naquele país da África subsaariana. Moçambique, até hoje, se estende na mesma esteira dos países considerados autoritários, onde, ausência do direito a expressão e a forte censura, a pobreza, os conflitos militares, o difícil acesso aos serviços básicos, as violências policiais entre outros comportamentos, o tornam um dos países onde o estado é, nitidamente, violador dos direitos dos cidadãos. É neste sentido que estudiosos olham Moçambique como uma realidade onde reina um sistema de governação misto - com uma Constituição e a organização do estado de inspiração democrática, mas, na prática, com atuações típicas de um sistema político antidemocrático.
Master Training of Translation Specialists in the Context of the Postmodern Educational Paradigm
Authors: Tetsova Olesia , Dudina Oksana , Holovko Iryna
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the problems of inconsistency of Ukrainian translation education with the trends of the postmodern state of society and the advisability of introducing the achievements of the American system of training translators is substantiated. The article describes the organization of training masters in technical translation in the United States on the basis of a systematic analysis, in particular, the structure and content, forms and methods of teaching and learning masters in technical translation. Postmodern tendencies and peculiarities of master's education in the USA are revealed and substantiated. The principles of permanent improvement of translation competence, profile and general cultural orientation are described; ensuring the full formation of the readiness of graduates of master's programs in technical translation for highly qualified, productive and creative professional activities; learning in a multicultural environment; application of the latest means of automated translation during training; certification of technical translators. For the reform of translation education in Ukraine, these trends are identified as key. The results of the study were obtained by applying a comparative typological and systems analysis, the method of extrapolating educational trends in the United States and Ukraine in relation to the postmodern context of society and its practical requirements for translation education. The practical significance of the article lies in borrowing the American experience of postmodern aspects of translation education, which can be useful to the countries of the former socialist camp and post-Soviet society.
The Digital Competences of a Specialist: Contemporary Realities of the Information and Technological Paradigm in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Tverdokhlib Oleksandr , Opushko Nadiia , Viktorova Lesya , Topolnyk Yana , Koval Myroslav , Boiko Vita
Published: March 2022

The article recounts that against the background of globalization processes that swept the world in the late twentieth century and left an indelible mark on the further progress of mankind there was a need to adapt the educational and social systems of Ukraine to functioning in the new conditions of crucial transformations caused by the dynamic changes triggered by universal digitalization, which now penetrates all branches and spheres of public life. It has been noted that the educational sphere is in a state of permanent change, trying to adapt to the new environment in order to ensure a decent level of training specialists of the relevant educational and qualification level capable of adapting to rapidly changing conditions, taking into account the competence acquired in the process of training. As a result, it is shown that in today’s globalized world, the need to master digital competence at an appropriate qualification level comes to the fore, taking into consideration the factors of stair stepping and succession, in response to requirements and challenges of today’s world, which even in a short period of time are able to significantly influence any sphere, transforming its further functioning. The content analysis of regulatory documents enabled to identify the main problematic aspects of the educational industry in the context of ensuring the compliance of the process of standardization of education at the relevant qualification levels, which is characterized by certain fragmentarity and inconsistency and requires further weighted and step-by-step transformative phases in the educational system of Ukraine ensuring its correlation with the European educational standards and guaranteeing its quality.
First-Year University Students’ Psychological Well-being Through Seven Weeks of Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cosmas Getrude
Published: March 2022

University life is colourful, filled with a plethora of memorable moments both academic and non-academic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, however, first-year university students’ academic experiences may have differed from their expectations due to being conducted fully online. The COVID-19 pandemic denied first-year students the opportunity to join in-person classes and become involved in university activities in a physical setting. All activities were moved to virtual settings, and students could only contact their classsmates and lecturers via social media platforms. This derailment of expectations may dampen students’ enthusiasm and impact their levels of motivation and happiness. To explore this phenomenon, a study was conducted with 143 first-year psychology students to examine their self-reported motivational and happiness levels before and after seven weeks of online classes. This study included 113 females (79%) and 30 males (21%) with a mean age of 20.68 (SD = 1.88). Data collected revealed that students’ motivation and happiness levels declined significantly after their online classes. Based on the level of agreement with one item—‘Overall, I am happy with my university life’—48 (33.60%) students agreed, 76 (53.10%) were neutral, and 19 (13.30%) indicated dissatisfaction. This study may assist the university and relevant authorities in understanding students’ perceptions of dealing with academic and life challenges while learning online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, psychological strategies should be considered to enhance first-year students’ motivation and happiness levels when faced with online classes in their new first semester.
„Boomeranging covidowy” – o powrotach dorosłych dzieci do domów. Perspektywa rodziców
Authors: Żadkowska Magdalena , Herzberg-Kurasz Magdalena
Published: March 2022

Pandemia COVID-19 wpłynęła na sytuację wielu rodzin. Wprowadzone ograniczenia w przemieszczaniu się, zamykanie się kolejnych granic zatrzymało ruch w obrębie istniejących szlaków komunikacyjnych. Młode osoby dorosłe, żyjące od niedawna na własną rękę – pracując i/lub studiując, tworząc związki intymne – znalazły się w sytuacji ponownego zamieszkania ze swoimi rodzicami, rodzeństwem, rodzinami. Dla niektórych rodzin takie powroty mogą oznaczać poprawę jakości relacji, dla innych mogą być doświadczeniem trudnym i wymagającym. Wypracowanie sposobów poruszania się we wspólnej przestrzeni może okazać się wyzwaniem, podobnie jak powrót (jeśli nastąpił) do roli dziecka i roli rodzica zamieszkujących wspólne ognisko domowe „na nowo”. Powroty i stojące za nimi motywacje, wywołane pandemią COVID-19, mają inny charakter niż powroty opisywane dotychczas. Charakterystyczny i wspólny jest ich nagły charakter oraz podobne sposoby racjonalizowania powrotu uwidaczniające się w obszarze: ekonomicznym, zdrowotnym (w rozumieniu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa najbliższym w obliczu sytuacji kryzysowej) oraz relacyjnym. Doświadczenie „powrotów covidowych” może jednak na stałe zmienić obraz wchodzenia w dorosłość, zwiększając otwartość na etap ponownego zamieszkania w domu rodzinnym. Niniejszy artykuł, dzięki prezentacji pięciu przypadków powrotu dzieci do domu na czas pandemii, przedstawia praktyki dostosowywania się do nowych sytuacji rodzinnych i nowych rozwiązań przestrzennych, odzwierciedlając jednocześnie różne warianty i skutki tymczasowego powrotu do sytuacji pełnego gniazda.
Możliwości i ograniczenia przekraczania granic między dyscyplinami naukowymi – na przykładzie psychoterapii humanistyczno-egzystencjalnej i interpretatywnie zorientowanej socjologii
Authors: Biały Kamila
Published: March 2022

W tym artykule interesować mnie będzie zjawisko rozmycia i przekraczania granic między różnymi dyscyplinami w ramach nauk społecznych i humanistycznych. Skoncentruję się na analizie wzajemnego przenikania się logik charakterystycznych dla dwóch wybranych dyscyplin: podejścia, diagnozowania i sposobu pracy z klientami w psychoterapii humanistyczno-egzystencjalnej z założeniami, wytycznymi do prowadzenia wywiadów z badanymi i sposobem analizy w interpretatywnie zorientowanej socjologii. Podstawowe pytanie to, jak konkretnie przeformułowywać te granice, by socjologia w sposób uprawomocniony poznawczo w ob­rębie swojej dziedziny, a także w sposób uprawomocniony etycznie ze względu na badanych i badaczy mogła skorzystać z wiedzy i doświadczenia praktycznego psychoterapeutów Gestalt. W tym celu przyglądam się zagadnieniom ontologicznym, epistemologicznym i metodologicznym w obu dyscyplinach, patrzę na podobieństwa oraz różnice i wyciągam wnioski mogące służyć różnym etapom procesu badawczego w socjologii, od konceptualizacji badania przez czynności badawcze po analizę danych.
Wokół projektu biografii Adama Podgóreckiego: wyzwania koncepcyjne, metodologiczne i społeczne
Authors: Wicenty Daniel
Published: March 2022

Życie Adama Podgóreckiego, obfitujące w paradoksy i dramatyczne zwroty, pozostaje słabo rozpoznane. Z tego względu artykuł w pierwszej kolejności ukazuje krótki szkic biograficzny polskiego badacza, bazujący na wspomnieniach oraz dokumentach, w tym osobistych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono latom powojennym, w tym okresowi studenckiemu oraz udziałowi Podgóreckiego w Klubie Logofagów, niezwykłej i nieoficjalnej grupie dyskusyjnej. Tekst wskazuje również na cenę, jaką naukowcy „nieposłuszni w myśleniu” musieli płacić w reżimie komunistycznym. W tym kontekście przypadek Podgóreckiego odkrywa mechanizmy stopniowego wykluczania w środowisku naukowym skutkującego w ostateczności przymusową emigracją z kraju. Ważna jest tu także rola, jaką odegrała w życiu Podgóreckiego Służba Bezpieczeństwa. Po drugie, artykuł analizuje różne socjologiczne podejścia do biografii. Podkreślono w nim pewne ograniczenia oraz bariery o charakterze koncepcyjnym i metodologicznym. Pisanie biografii ukazane jest również jako praktyka społeczna, uwikłana w rozstrzyganie dylematów kariery naukowej biografa oraz jako wyzwanie dla aktualnej hierarchii w polskim środowisku socjologicznym.
Politeness As a Strategy of Attack in Presidential Debate in Indonesia 2019
Authors: Rosyidah Rossy Halimatun
Published: March 2022

This research was conducted to know what are the politeness as strategy of attack in the presidential debate in Indonesia 2019 and what is the dominant of politeness strategy used by the candidates. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative. The research subject is the dialogue of Presidential and Vice-presidential candidates. The research object is the politeness strategy. The instrument is the researcher herself and the indicator table, the data collection is from YouTube, and the data analysis uses Brown and Levinson’s theory. The validity is triangulation method. The result of this research is the presidential candidate number 1 used all kinds of politeness strategies. Therefore, the dominant used theory bald of record. Then the vice-presidential candidate just used positive politeness. Besides, the candidate number 2 used bald of record and off records strategy. Therefore, the dominant used theory bald of record. Then the candidate of the vice president just used bald of records. Bald of record is applied to criticizing, expressing hatred, getting angry, commanding, warning, resisting, and paying attention.
Editorial
Authors: Ramón Santiago Pedro
Published: March 2022

Amable lector: sea usted bienvenido a esta reciente edi-
ción de la revista Perspectivas Docentes. Esta vez, los
editores ha seleccionado una serie de artículos, previa
revisión y dictaminación, relacionados con el trabajo
educativo -a través de diferentes enfoques-, la masculi-
nidad y la literatura
Reflexiones acerca de la Violencia de Género en México y la Educación como Estrategia de Cambio
Authors: Garcia-Hernandez Renan Jesus , García Martínez Verónica , De la Cruz Villegas Verónika
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La violencia de género en México es un grave problema social que ha ido en aumento, sin embargo no ha sido atendida de manera adecuada. El presente escrito tiene como objetivo presentar algunas apreciaciones y precisiones conceptuales acerca de este problema y proponer una estrategia que parte de la educación, la cual puede contribuir a prevenir e incluso eliminar la violencia de género. Desarrollo: Para analizar la naturaleza y definición de «violencia de género», se explican inicialmente los significados de «violencia» y «género», así como las creencias sexistas que podrían ser una de las causas de esta violencia. A través de un recorrido crítico se integran algunas reflexiones que profundizan en los prejuicios y violencia de género, así como en el principal obstáculo para su eliminación: las creencias de la sociedad tradicional. Posteriormente, se reflexiona en torno a conceptos empleados en políticas contra la violencia de género, como «perspectiva de género». Finalmente, se presenta a la educación formal, a través de asignaturas específicas de género, como una posible estrategia para el tratamiento contra creencias y valores sexistas tradicionales que se relacionan con la violencia de género. Conclusiones: Se considera relevante el desarrollo de estudios que permitan analizar el impacto de asignaturas específicas de género sobre las creencias y actitudes de los estudiantes.
Estilos de Aprendizaje, inteligencias múltiples y técnicas de estudio identificadas en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Rodríguez-Betanzos Addy , Constantino-Serrato Ingrid
Published: March 2022

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio descriptivo relacional que identifica los estilos de aprendizajes, las inteligencias y las técnicas de estudio de 919 estudiantes del Colegio de Bachilleres plantel 2 Chetumal. Los hallazgos empíricos indican los estilos reflexivo y pragmático; las inteligencias musical e intrapersonal y, la administración del tiempo y las condiciones adecuadas del lugar de estudio como lo más predominante
La reflexión en las prácticas profesionales de la formación inicial docente
Authors: Rodriguez-Loera Rocío , Onrubia-Goñi Javier
Published: March 2022

La reflexión sobre la experiencia práctica se considera uno de los ingredientes clave de la formación inicial de maestros. Sin embargo, la investigación mantiene muchos interrogantes abiertos sobre cómo conseguir que esa reflexión resulte productiva y ayude a los futuros maestros a construir su conocimiento práctico. En este contexto, el trabajo que presentamos analiza las ideas, valoraciones y propuestas de 15 estudiantes de maestro de octavo semestre y seis maestros formadores pertenecientes a una Escuela Normal del Estado de Zacatecas (México) sobre los procesos reflexivos en sus prácticas profesionales. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas individuales a profundidad. Los resultados muestran diferencias entre la manera de entender la reflexión de estudiantes y maestros formadores, destacando entre las ideas de los estudiantes que señalan la reflexión más como instrumento de evaluación que como herramienta para la mejora de la comprensión de la práctica. Por otro lado, estudiantes y maestros formadores coinciden en señalar la reflexión conjunta, entre estudiantes y tutores como vía para mejorar los procesos de reflexión.
Aplicación de los conceptos de calidad a la educación médica
Authors: Córdova-Hernández Juan Antonio , Maldonado-Salazar Teresita , Muñoz-Cano Juan Manuel
Published: March 2022

Introducción. A partir del discurso hegemónico de calidad se legitiman desigualdades en los procesos educativos. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar ese discurso y las alternativas posibles con la inclusión de la dimensión pedagógica. Metodología. Se realizó a partir de la revisión en diversas fuentes de las respuestas de las instituciones educativas, a las necesidades de trabajo en línea a causa de la contingencia por la pandemia de Covid-19 en la primavera de 2020. Resultados.  Las universidades optaron por dar continuidad al proceso educativo a través del uso de plataformas, se hicieron manifiestas las graves deficiencias en capacidades, equipos y actitudes para transformar las formas del trabajo tradicional. Conclusiones. Hay poca reflexión pedagógica en el diseño de propuestas de formación impulsadas por las instituciones de educación superior, que siguen centradas en cuestiones disciplinares y técnicas.
Palabras clave. Educación y política; Desastres naturales; E-learning; Educación a distancia; Aprendizaje con base en datos.
Lower extremity amputation: the emerging role of targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI)
Authors: Toyoda Yoshiko , Azoury Said , Bauder Andrew , Levin L. Scott , Kovach Stephen
Published: March 2022

Lower extremity amputation is increasingly prevalent in the United States, with growing numbers of patients suffering from diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. Amputation has significant functional sequelae as more than half of patients are unable to ambulate at one year postoperatively. Improving mobility and decreasing chronic post-amputation pain can significantly improve the quality of life for these patients and reduce the cost burden on the healthcare system. Plastic and reconstructive surgery has been at the forefront of “reconstructive amputation”, in which nerve pedicles can be surgically guided to decrease painful neuroma formation as well as provide targets for myoelectric prosthesis use. We herein review post-amputation outcomes, epidemiology of chronic, post-amputation pain, and current treatments, including total muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interface, which are at the forefront of multidisciplinary treatment of lower extremity amputees.
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: current practice and future directions
Authors: Ahn Joseph C. , Lee Yi-Te , Agopian Vatche G. , Zhu Yazhen , You Sungyong , Tseng Hsian-Rong , Yang Ju Dong
Published: March 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Surveillance of individuals with cirrhosis or other conditions that confer a high risk of HCC development is essential for early detection and improved overall survival. Biannual ultrasonography with or without alpha-fetoprotein is widely recommended as the standard method for HCC surveillance, but it has limited sensitivity in early disease and may be inadequate in certain individuals. This review article will provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of HCC surveillance, including the rationale and indications for HCC surveillance, standard methods for HCC surveillance, and their strengths/limitations. Alternative surveillance methods such as the role of cross-sectional imaging, emerging circulating biomarkers, as well as the problem of under-utilization of HCC surveillance and surveillance-related harms will also be discussed in this review.
Oligometastatic prostate cancer: a new horizon for robotic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Wagaskar Vinayak G. , Barthe Flora , Martini Alberto , Sooriakumaran Prasanna , Tewari Ash
Published: March 2022

The advent of modern diagnostic techniques and improved patient monitoring in the setting of clinical trials has led to an increased diagnosis of oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC), defined as three-to-five metastatic deposits in a single organ or multiple organs. OMPC is increasingly diagnosed in men who were in the past considered to have organ-confined disease. OMPC occurs at the transition between localized prostate cancer and widespread metastases. Our review evaluates the available evidence regarding robot-assisted cytoreductive prostatectomy feasibility and oncological outcomes in oligometastatic settings. We also consider the limitations and future directions for this approach. We performed a non-systematic PubMed and Google Scholar search. We screened pertinent studies published from 2014 up to May 2021. Our search identified 524 records. After excluding duplication, 54 full-text articles were identified and were screened for eligibility. We found nine papers (863 patients) that met the inclusion criteria for the review. The outcomes evaluated were 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival, cancer-specific and overall survival rates. Our review article demonstrates the feasibility and safety of Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients with OMPC with proven oncological benefits. Prospective studies are ongoing and may provide further solid evidence.
Some applications of Brun's criterion
Authors: Varin Victor Petrovich
Published: March 2022

We consider some number-theoretic modifications of algorithms transforming rational sequences. These algorithms are widely applicable in numerical analysis. We use them for construction of the regular continued fractions for some fundamental constants. These algorithms together with the Brun’s criterion allow in a number of cases to establish irrationality of the values algorithmically with the use of only the rational arithmetic.
Preparing student teachers for the formation of socially significant values in preschoolers
Authors: Ivanchuk Sabina , Kakhiani Yulia , Hryboiedova Tetiana , Bilychenko Hanna
Published: March 2022

In connection with the socio-political changes in the life of society, interest in the social aspects of raising children is increasing. Modernity puts the individual in conditions where, without the ability to quickly and adequately respond to reality, it is impossible to realize their own desires and ideas. Qualities such as the ability to manage one's behavior and communication methods, adherence to moral norms and rules in relationships with other people, the desire to be fair, responsible, tolerant, the ability to navigate new circumstances, to feel one's place among other people, to be guided by conscience as an internal moral authority, is the sphere of the child's social development Social development, which forms the context of ontogenesis, objectively directs it and determines the general content, which is the relationship between socialization and individualization that occurs in the process of activity. Thus, the main purporse of the study is to identify the key features of the process of preparing future educators for the formation of socially significant values ​​in preschool children. For this, the methods of theoretical research of specialized literature were used.
Gender-based Differential Item Functioning Analysis of the Medical Specialization Education Entrance Examination
Authors: BAKAN KALAYCIOĞLU Dilara
Published: March 2022

The Medical Specialization Education Entrance Examination is a national high-stake test for the placement of medical graduates in medical specialization training in Turkey. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Medical Specialization Education Entrance Examination items display gender-related differential item functioning (DIF) by using Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression methods. To determine the presence of item bias, content experts reviewed items. The analyzes were conducted on the answers of 11,530 physicians to the Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Medical Sciences tests of the 2017 Medical Specialization Education Entrance Examination spring term. According to the Mantel-Haenszel method, there were eleven out of 234 items identified as showing B level gender-related DIF. While six of the items functioned in favor of male physicians, five of them were in favor of female physicians. Since the number of items in favor of each gender is close, DIF cancellation occurs. According to content areas, one histology and embryology, one internal medicine, and three gynecology and obstetrics items were in favor of female physicians, one physiology, two medical pharmacology, one pediatrics, and two surgical items were in favor of male physicians. To the experts’ reviews, there are no biased items. The medical specialty preferences of the physicians and content area of the displaying differential item functioning items overlapped.
Debris Flow Susceptibility Assessment of Leh Valley, Ladakh Based on Concepts of Connectivity, Propagation and Evidence Based Probability.
Authors: Sharma Choudhurimayum Pankaj , Kumar Anil , Chahal Poonam , Shukla Uma Kant , Srivast Pradeep
Published: March 2022

The Leh Valley which lies within the Trans Himalayan state of Ladakh, India is known to be affected almost annually by debris flows ranging from minor to catastrophic scale events. The effect has been getting magnified due to increased urbanization and rapid growth in tourism industry. Though these flows are triggered by intense and abnormal rainfall events the conditioning factor has always been the topography and sediment availability. A lucid acknowledgement of the terrain condition and the degree of vulnerability of such events is required. For this a detail investigation of sediment availability, topographic conditions and their relation with known events becomes crucial. This study utilizes index of connectivity (IC) model to quantify the sediment source-sink relationship and farther applied Flow-R model to simulate the probable scenario of events through predefined algorithms. We then use the Weights of evidence (WOE) method to compute the statistical probability of debris flow occurrence. This paper demonstrates the application of these three independent techniques and their implementation in a highly rugged terrain of Ladakh which is a region of frequent debris flows onslaught. The IC and Flow-R models are found to be counter supportive and effective in delineating areas which could be affected by flows that will solely originate in upstream areas where high angle channels directly connected to sediment sources are present. WOE based model determines the probability of the rare and extensive flows that results from downward integration of other drainage networks in an open fan area.
Cannabidiol Prescription Requests in NZ: Describing Patients and Indications Seen in a New Zealand Cannabis Clinic
Authors: Gulbransen Graham , Oldfield Karen , Braithwaite Irene , Sinclair Justin , Xu William , Arroll Bruce , Eathorne Allie , Armour Mike
Published: March 2022

BackgroundIn 2017, revision of the Misuse of Drugs Act in New Zealand (NZ) allowed all medical practitioners to prescribe cannabidiol (CBD), a non-euphoriant constituent of cannabis. More information is needed on its therapeutic potential. This is an audit of all patients prescribed CBD from a single private clinic (Cannabis Care, Henderson, New Zealand) from 7th December 2017 to 3rd June 2020. We describe the patient population seeking CBD prescriptions in routine care in NZ, indications for use and quality of life (QOL) indices.MethodsPatient records were audited by the primary clinician, who had assessed indication for use and QOL indices (EuroQol-5D-5L and EQ-VAS). Indications were coded into four categories: non-cancer pain, emotional distress, neurological symptoms and cancer symptoms. Change in QOL and perceived patient efficacy was described where available. SAS version 9.4 was used. Data descriptions are by mean and standard deviation (SD). Categorical variables were described by counts and proportions expressed as percentages. Paired t-tests were used to compare V1 and V2 VAS scores. ResultsOf 1264 patient records reviewed the mean age was 51 years (SD 20.6), with 55.5% female. Non-cancer pain was the primary indication for use (49.4%). The mean EQ-VAS score at first visit in patients over 16 years (n=924) was 50 (SD 22.3) and 65 (n=384, SD 21.1) at follow up. The mean difference in VAS score in returning patients (n=332) was -11.1 (95% CI -13.2 to -9.0, p<.0001), indicating a positive change in health rating. ConclusionsIn NZ a range of patients are seeking CBD prescriptions, primarily for pain, with a sub-group reporting improved health following use. Further research into the clinical application of these products, especially dosage, precise indications and associated adverse events, is needed.
Association Between Short-term Neurological Outcomes and Extreme Hyperoxia in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Who Underwent Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Multicenter Registry
Authors: Kashiura Masahiro , Yasuda Hideto , Kishihara Yuki , Tominaga Keiichiro , Nishihara Masaaki , Hiasa Ken-ichi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Moriya Takashi
Published: March 2022

Background: To investigate the impact of hyperoxia that developed immediately after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) on patients’ short-term neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from the Japanese OHCA registry from June 2014 to December 2017. We analyzed adult patients (≥18 years) who had undergone ECPR. Eligible patients were divided into the following three groups based on their initial partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) levels after ECMO pump-on: normoxia group, PaO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg; moderate hyperoxia group, 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ≤ 400 mm Hg; and extreme hyperoxia group, PaO2 > 400 mm Hg. The primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day favorable neurological outcomes. Logistic regression statistical analysis model of 30-day favorable neurological outcomes was performed after adjusting for multiple propensity scores calculated using pre-ECPR covariates and for confounding factors post-ECPR.Results: Of the 34,754 patients with OHCA enrolled in the registry, 847 were included. The median PaO2 level was 300 mm Hg (interquartile range: 148–427 mm Hg). Among the eligible patients, 277, 313, and 257 were categorized as normoxic, moderately hyperoxic, and extremely hyperoxic, respectively. Moderate hyperoxia was not significantly associated with 30-day neurologically favorable outcomes compared with normoxia as a reference (adjusted odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.55–1.35; p = 0.51). However, extreme hyperoxia was associated with less 30-day neurologically favorable outcomes when compared with normoxia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.29–0.82; p = 0.007).Conclusions: For patients with OHCA who received ECPR, extreme hyperoxia (PaO2 > 400 mm Hg) was associated with 30-day poor neurological outcomes. Avoidance of extreme hyperoxia may improve neurological outcomes in patients with OHCA treated with ECPR.