bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of the early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration with optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: ÇİLOĞLU Emine
Published: March 2020

Purpose: To investigate superficial and deep retinal vessels, foveal avascular zone in patients affected by age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to find whether any association between features on retinal vessel density and stage of AMD.Materials and Methods: Ninety-four patients enrolled in the study. Patients were divided according to AMD stages. Grade 1, no AMD; grade 2, early AMD; grade 3, intermediate AMD; grade 4 geographic atrophy (GA); and Grade 5, choroidal neovascularization (CNVM). All patients underwent an ophthalmologic evaluation, including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The main outcome measures were superficial vessel density, deep vessel density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ).Results: In grade 3 AMD eyes; the deep vessel density values were lower than grade 1 and grade 2 eyes. The fellow eyes of the patients with CNVM, the deep vessel density values were lower in grade 3 eyes than grade 1 and 2 eyes, the other parameters were not statistically different. The fellow eyes of the patients with grade 3, the vessel density, FAZ, AI did not show significant difference.Conclusion: Changes in retinal capillary vessel density, which can be detected with OCTA, begin at the intermediate stage AMD.
Yenidoğanda karbon monoksit zehirlenmesi
Authors: TÖRER Birgin
Published: March 2020

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An Investigation of Effects of Whey Protein Hydrolysate on Yogurt Starter Cultures and Probiotic Bacteria in Ayran
Authors: ÇELEKLİ Abuzer , ALSLİBİ Zina , BOZKURT Hüseyin
Published: March 2020

This study aims to monitor the effect of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on the growth and activity of probiotic bacteria (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium lactis) in ayran, and also to enhance the functionality of ayran by addition of the probiotics. Effects of WPH and probiotics addition as 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% on the growth of probiotic bacteria were studied before and after the fermentation and 7th, 14th, and 21st days of the storage. WPH and probiotics had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the growth of target microorganisms and the biochemical variables. The addition of WPH and probiotics significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth of probiotics compared to the control after the fermentation up to the 21st day of storage. The samples containing different WPH levels had lower (p<0.05) pH levels compared to the control during the study time. The mixing of WPH at 1% had the highest total solids and protein content compared to the control samples. The WPH decreased (p<0.05) the viscosity and Hunter color parameters in added the samples. Results indicated that WPH had great potential for enhancing the growth of probiotic bacteria and the nutritional of ayran.
Crecimiento del complejo Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii en extractos de excretas de palomas
Authors: Dary Caicedo Bejarano Luz Dary , Álvarez María Inés
Published: March 2020

Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii son agentes etiológicos de la criptococosis, el primero tiene distribución mundial y su hábitat principal son las excretas de palomas (Columba livia), mientras que el último se ha aislado de árboles y en pocas ocasiones de heces de aves. En este estudio se comparó en condiciones de laboratorio, el crecimiento de C. neoformans y C. gattii en extractos de excretas de paloma. Se utilizaron dos extractos de heces de aves cautivas: uno de una muestra en la que se aisló C. neoformans (extracto positivo) y otro de una muestra negativa para este hongo (extracto negativo), los cuales fueron inoculados con C. neoformans y C. gattii. Los extractos permitieron el desarrollo de las dos especies y, mostraron un patrón de crecimiento uniforme en el extracto negativo, mientras que, en el positivo, el crecimiento de C. neoformans fue mayor comparado con el de C. gattii (P = 0.0001). El crecimiento de C. gattii fue menor a un pH superior a 7,5, mientras que el crecimiento de C. neoformans no mostró diferencias significativas en los dos extractos independiente de las variaciones del pH. Se necesitan más estudios para elucidar la interacción de estas dos especies en las excretas de palomas.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ SURİYELİ SIĞINMACILARIN KOMŞULUK İLİŞKİLERİ: GAZİANTEP KENTİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Yıldız İbrahim , Çakır Sümer Gülizar
Published: March 2020

Mekân
hem insanları etkilemekte, hem de insan faaliyetlerinden etkilenebilmektedir. Toplumda
insan ilişkileri üzerinde önemli bir yeri olan mekân, komşuluk ilişkilerinin
şekillenmesinde de önemli bir yere sahiptir. Suriye’den göçmeden önce sahip
oldukları komşuları ile Türkiye’de de komşuluk ilişkisini devam ettiren
Suriyeli sığınmacılar, mekân değişiminin komşuluk ilişkilerine etkilerinin
araştırılması için önemli bir konu olarak görülmektedir.

Bu anlamda Türkiye’ye göçle gelen ve önemli sayıya
ulaşan Suriyelilerin komşuluk ilişkileri açısından mekânsal değişikliğin
etkileri Gaziantep kenti örneğinde incelenmiştir. Bunun için iki farklı mekânda
komşuluk ilişkilerinde bulunan aynı kişilerin yeni ve eski mekânda yaşamış
oldukları komşuluk ilişkilerinin incelemesi yapılmıştır.

Sonuçta, Suriye’de komşuluk ilişkilerinin sağlam
olduğu, mekânsal değişikliğin yeni çevre ve zorlu yaşam koşullarının komşuluk
ilişkilerinde değişeme neden olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.
YAŞLI BİREYLERDE YAŞAM MEMNUNİYETi VE SUÇ KORKUSU DURUMUNUN BELİRLENMESİ: TANIMLAYICI BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Yazgan Çağdaş Ümit , Kurtkapan Hamza
Published: March 2020

Bu
araştırma yaşlı bireylerde suç korkusu ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkiyi
incelemektedir. Araştırma, Ocak ve Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’un
Tuzla, Beşiktaş, Kadıköy ve Maltepe ilçelerinde yerel yönetimler kapsamında
hizmet veren yaşlı yaşam merkezlerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya yaşlı yaşam
merkezlerinden hizmet alan 65 yaş ve üstü 243 kişi katılmıştır. Veriler,
sosyodemografik özelliklere yönelik soruları ve yaşam doyumu ile suç korkusu
ölçeklerini içeren anket formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya
katılan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam memnuniyeti puan ortalaması 3,2305 ±
0,74583’tür. Araştırmaya katılan yaşlı bireylerin suç korkusu toplam puan
ortalaması 37,2798 ± 9,46786’dır. Yaşlı bireylerin en fazla korktuğu suç türü
3,7654 puan ortalaması ile dolandırıcılıktır. Araştırmada yaşlı bireylerin
yaşam memnuniyeti ve suç korkusu ölçeği puanlarının cinsiyete göre anlamlı
farklılık gösterdiği, kadınların yaşam memnuniyeti ve suç korkusu puan
ortalamasının erkeklerinkinden yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada yaşlı
bireylerin yaşam memnuniyeti ortalamaları ile suç korkusu düzeyleri arasında anlamlı
bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Yaşam
memnuniyetinin yüksekliği ya da düşüklüğü suç korkusu düzeyini anlamlı düzeyde
etkilememektedir.
BİST’E KAYITLI GİRİŞİM SERMAYESİ YATIRIM ORTAKLIKLARININ FİNANSAL PERFORMANSININ CRITIC VE ORESTE YÖNTEMLERİYLE ANALİZİ
Authors: Bağcı Haşim , Kılıçaslan Semiha
Published: March 2020

Girişimcilik günümüzün hem popüler
hem de yapılması istenilen konularından biridir. Girişimci bireylerden
istenilen; yeni fikir ve düşünceler üretmeleri ve bu düşünceleri hayata
geçirmeleri için yeni teknolojiler kullanmalarıdır. Ancak bu bireyler sermaye yetersizliği
dolayısıyla fikirlerini yaşama dahil etmede zorluk yaşamaktadır ve bu noktada
devreye girişim sermayesi yatırım ortaklıkları girmektedir. Girişim sermayesi
yatırım ortaklıkları, borsaya kayıtlı olarak faaliyet gösteren sermaye piyasası
kurumlarıdır. Amacı; girişimci bireylerin fikirlerini yaşama dahil etmektir.
Ancak sadece yeni kurulan işletmeleri değil, büyümeye gitme hedefindeki
işletmeleri de desteklemektedir.

Bu çalışmada 2014-2018 yılları
arasında Borsa İstanbul (BİST)’e kayıtlı 7 işletmenin finansal durumları mali
oranlar yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı; her oranın ağırlığını
hesaplamak ve belirlenen ağırlıklara göre girişim sermayesi yatırım
ortaklıklarını kıyaslamaktır. Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda; Critic ve Oreste
yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu iki yöntemin seçilmesinin sebebi; birbirleriyle
ilişkili ve birbirini tamamlayıcı yöntemler olmasıdır. Critic tekniğine göre;
girişim sermayesi yatırım ortaklıkları için kârlılık oranı en önemli iken aktif
devir hızı ise en az önem verilen mali oranlardır. Ayrıca firmaların
karşılaştırılması için kullanılan Oreste yöntemine göre; Hedef Girişim
Sermayesi Yatırım Ortaklığı mali durumu en iyi firma olarak tespit edilmiştir.
“ATEŞ”İN GEÇMİŞİ, ATEŞ - İNSAN- DANS İLİŞKİSİNİN KÖKENİ VE NEVRUZ (UZAK GEÇMİŞİN KAMPLARINDA KORKU, GERİLİM VE YAŞAMA SEVİNCİNİN RİTMİ)
Authors: Şahin Tahir Erdoğan
Published: March 2020

Ateş, yaşamak için gerekli unsurlardan biri olması
yanı sıra toplumların kültüründe önemli yer tutmuş, farklı alan ve mekânlarda
farklı ritüellere kaynak teşkil etmiştir. Doğadaki yırtıcılar karşısında
güvenlik çemberi oluşturan ateşin hayvanlar kadar olmasa da insanlar üzerinde
de ürkütücü, yakıcı, öldürücü bir etkisi vardır. Ateşi kendi doğası içinde tanıyan
insanların onu doğal ve açık alanlarda kullanmadan, kapalı mekânlara
taşımalarını düşünmek zordur. Kamp içinde kullanılan ateş, biçimsel olarak grup
üyelerini daire hâlinde tutar. Daireyi belirleyen ölçü, ateşin yakma, ısıtma ve
geceleri aydınlatma gücüdür. Bu geometri, yanardağın çevresinde yapılan dönüşün
görüntüsel izdüşümüdür. Günümüzde “nevruz” dahil çeşitli folklorik figürlerinde
ateş etrafında dönüşün, binlerce yıl öncesine gittiğini anlamak gerekir.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ARGÜMANTASYON DÜZEYLERİNİN VE ARGÜMAN OLUŞTURMA SÜRECİNDE YAPTIKLARI HATALARIN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Torun Fatma , Açıkgül Fırat Esra
Published: March 2020

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, fen bilgisi ve sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının
argümantasyon düzeylerini ve argüman oluşturma sürecindeki hatalarını
belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, çalışma nitel araştırma yaklaşımı kullanılarak
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Sosyal Bilgiler ve Fen Bilgisi
Öğretmenliği Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören 80 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmada veriler çevre kirliliğine ait ikilemler içeren senaryo aracılığıyla
toplanmıştır. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının argümantasyon düzeylerini
belirlemek için “Argümantasyon Değerlendirme Ölçeği” kullanılarak veriler
analiz edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının argüman oluştururken yaptıkları
hataları belirlemek amacıyla ise betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan
elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğretmen adaylarının %
6’sı hiç argüman üretmezken; % 30’unun oluşturdukları argümanlarda iddia, veri,
gerekçe ve destekleyici bileşenlerini kullandıkları ancak çürütücü
kullanmadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının % 64’ü ise
argümanlarında diğer bileşenlere ek olarak çürütücüde kullanmışlardır. Analizler
bileşenlerin doğru kullanımı açısından incelendiğinde ise öğretmen adaylarının
% 37’sinin gerekçe, % 25’inin veri, % 23’ünün iddia ve % 15’inin çürütücü
bileşenlerinin kullanımına ilişkin hata yaptıkları tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
La incorporación de la realidad aumentada en las clases de ciencias
Authors: Rivadulla López Juan Carlos , Rodríguez Correa Marisol
Published: March 2020

La Realidad Aumentada (RA) se considera una de las opciones de mayor proyección educativa gracias a su capacidad para conseguir mayor percepción, interacción y aprendizaje por parte del alumnado. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer y analizar las percepciones de un grupo de profesores de Primaria y Secundaria sobre la RA, las ventajas que otorga dicha tecnología y las necesidades para su incorporación. Han participado 806 profesores y se ha utilizado un cuestionario para la recogida de datos. Los resultados evidencian que la mayoría del profesorado indicó no haber implementado la RA en sus aulas. Los que la implementaron, señalan que aumenta de la motivación del alumnado y mejora su acción formativa. La mayoría nunca han asistido a cursos de formación para utilizar esta herramienta, considerando que es necesaria la misma, no solo en función de la tecnología sino con relación a los contenidos que se transmiten.
Lecturas juveniles mediadas por las TIC: pantallas, mundo digital y transmedialidad. Presencias y percepciones entre estudiantes
Authors: Escandell Montiel Daniel
Published: March 2020

La literatura infantil y juvenil (LIJ) ha tenido una relación más compleja de lo que se podría esperar con la transmedialidad y la intermedialidad, habida cuenta de que muchas veces se ha supuesto la predisposición casi natural de estos jóvenes lectores. En el presente artículo abordamos el peso de la cultura digital en las lecturas juveniles y qué elementos característicos pueden detectarse en este espectro creativo.
El cisne negro. Itinerarios, deriva y nomadismo en la LIJ 2.0
Authors: Martos García Alberto E. , Martos Núñez Eloy
Published: March 2020

El artículo parte de la analogía del cisne negro para poner en valor los paradigmas de la deriva, la exploración y el nomadismo de materiales, en aplicación a la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil.En esta dirección, son revisadas las aproximaciones de distintos paradigmas y autores, y se discuten ejemplos e hitos significativos en relación a estas materias. También se hace hincapié en el papel de los distintos usuarios de la LIJ 2.0 y, en particular del profesor.
A clinical study of secondary glaucoma
Authors: Ramanarao Suresh , Jain Divya
Published: March 2020

Secondary Glaucoma is a group of disorders in which raised intraocular pressure is associated with some primary ocular or systemic cause. This prospective study aims to evaluate the various commonly seen causes of secondary glaucoma.

A total of 50 patients with raised intraocular pressure coming to a teaching hospital during a period of three years were studied. Patients with primary glaucoma were excluded from this study. Clinical evaluation was done in all the cases and the visual acuity, intraocular pressure and the optic nerve head changes were recorded. The various age groups and the gender distribution were noted. Also history of diabetes, hypertension and trauma was specifically asked for.

Out of 50 patients, a total of 29 (58%) patients were above 60 years of age. Predominantly 28 (56%) were male patients. Visual acuity was less than 3/60 in 34 (68%) of all patients. The mean intraocular pressure recording was 34 mm of Hg, within a range of 21 to 46 mm of Hg. Only 23 (46%) patients showed optic neuropathy. The most common causes were lens induced glaucoma seen in 24 (48%) cases and next 14% each seen in neovascular glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. Diabetes and/or Hypertension were present in 8 (16%) patients.

This study identifies ocular factors like cataracts in lens induced glaucoma, age factor in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and systemic factors like diabetes and/or hypertension in neovascular glaucoma, and also emphasizes that the prompt detection of these causes can prevent severe visual impairment.
Comparison between fibrin glue and polyglactin sutures in limbal based conjunctival autograft technique in primary pterygium surgery in adults- A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chandra Sarkar Kumaresh , Sarkar Piyali , Mondal Sujit , Nath Saha Rabindra
Published: March 2020

Pterygium is a slow growing, wing shaped, elastoticsubconjunctival degeneration within the palpebral fissure involving the cornea.  As it encroaches the limbus, it proliferates as vascularised granulation tissue destroying the superficial stroma and Bowman’s membrane and is characterized by tissue remodelling, cellular proliferation, neovascularisation and inflammation.

To compare between fibrin glue and polyglactin sutures in limbal based conjunctival autograft technique in primary pterygium surgery in terms of duration of surgery and early and late post-operative complications.

It was a prospective comparative, randomized controlled trial which was conducted at North Bengal Medical College, Darjeeling, from July 2016 to June 2017. Patients with progressive pterygium diagnosed after proper clinical examinations and admitted for excision with conjunctival autograft attached with fibrin glue or for excision with conjunctival autograft sutured with 8-0 polyglactin. Data were collected and analysed.

52 patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups, group A (fibrin glue) and group B (sutured with polyglactin) according to the type of surgery. In both the groups, there was female preponderance and the average age of the patients were 45.15 (±5.576) and 40.65 (±8.299) years respectively. Regarding the post-operative complications such as graft oedema (p= 0.002, χ2 =10.035, df = 1), graft granuloma (p =.037, χ2 = 4.333, df = 1) and recurrence (p = 0.638, χ2 = 0.221, df = 1), the group A had less incidence than group B. The reduction of complications was statistically significant in group A in terms of graft oedema and graft granuloma but not in recurrence.
Color vision abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: H V Pooja , Venkate Gowda H T , Raghavendraswamy
Published: March 2020

To assess color vision abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and associated risk factors.

A prospective study was conducted for 3 months. Patients who is a known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented to our OPD were included in our study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination which included visual acuity, color vision assessment using Pseudoisochromatic Ishihara chart, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, IOP and fundoscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical software SPSS for Windows, ver. 16.0. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation if the variables were continuous and as percentages if categorical.

The prevalence of color vision abnormalities among diabetics and associated risk factors was assessed.

Various studies have been done to know the color vision abnormalities. We evaluated on the associated risk factors as well.
A study on evaluation of acrysof toric intraocular lens implantation to correct pre-existing corneal astigmatism in patients undergoing cataract surgery- At a tertiary care hospital
Authors: V Padmavathi
Published: March 2020

The current study evaluates the results of acrysof toric intraocular lens implantation to correct pre-existing corneal astigmatism in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

This study was done on Prospective interventional at Osmania Medical College, Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital, Hyderabad. The sample of the study is included 40 eyes of 38 consecutive patients with 1.5 D or more of pre-existing astigmatism consists of cataract surgery with toric open-loop IOL implantation (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA). The pre-operative markings for the position of incisions and IOL placement were being done under the slit lamp. The visual acuity, residual keratometric and refractive cylinders, and toric IOL axis were being measured.

54.71 years was the mean age of the patients. All the 40 eyes at the final check-up had post-operative unaided visual acuity of 6/12 or better. 10 patients (25 %) had an unaided visual acuity of 6/6.37 eyes (92.5%) had best corrected post-operative visual acuity of 6/9 or better. The mean pre-operative refractive astigmatism in 40 eyes was 2.34D. 22 eyes had the Refractive astigmatism of >2D. No eyes had refractive astigmatism of <1.5D. The mean axial length was 24.22mm

Out of 40 eyes in which Toric IOL was implanted, the post-operative residual refractive sphere was seen in 4 eyes. Out of 40 eyes in whom Toric IOL was implanted, a post-operative residual refractive cylinder was seen in 30 eyes. 10 patients had No post-operative refractive cylinder. The mean post-operative residual refractive cylinder was 0.58D. The mean Post-operative Keratometric cylinder was 2.24D. The mean post-operative Keratometric cylinder was 2.34D. In comparison, both pre-operative and post-operative keratometric astigmatism, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between them.

The misalignment of Toric IOL was 10 degrees or less in 36 patients (94.73%) and less than 5 degrees in 22 patients (57.89%). Misalignment of >10 degrees (11 degrees and 13 degrees) was seen in 2 patients. The mean IOL rotation among 38 patients was 4.55 degrees (Range 0-13 degrees, SD 3.43). None of the eyes required repositioning.

The results of this study show that implantation of AcrysofTor ic IOL is a good surgical method to evaluate pre-existing corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery. Acrysoftoric IOL has shown good rotational stability.
Relationship of diabetic retinopathy and systemic complications of diabetes
Authors: Amruth C Kumar , Priya N Vishnu , Deepthi P Ramya , Sowmya P
Published: March 2020

: To study the relationship of diabetic retinopathy with systemic complications of diabetes.

: Study was conducted on 310 diabetic patients attending to Narayana medical college ophthalmology opd in Nellore between August 2017and June 2018. Patients are categorized into five groups based on the duration and severity of DR into No DR, Mild NPDR, ModerateNPDR, Severe NPDR, PDR according to the ETDRS classification. All the above patients evaluated clinically, and required investigations were done for the presence of systemic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and diabetic foot. The relation between the duration of diabetes mellitus and stage of diabetic retinopathy and also with systemic complications assessed.

A total of 310 diabetic patients with a mean age of 56.5 + 11.8 years and males 211(31.7%) and females99(31.7%). Prevalence of Diabetic retinopathy was 108(34.8%) of which mild NPDR44(41.9%), moderate NPDR35(34.5%), severe NPDR 19(18.3%)and PDR10(11.4%). A significant association (P<0.001) was observed between the duration of diabetes and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy. The overall prevalence of nephropathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot, CVS, CAD was 52.6%and they were significantly (p<0.05) more common in patients with DR (64.8%) as compared to those with no DR (43.5%) and complications increased with severity of retinopathy.
A retrospective study: impact of various phases of menstrual cycle on corneal pachymetry
Authors: Kardam Vyas Aneesha , Rana Poonam , N Kothari R , Patel Zeel , Soni Avani
Published: March 2020

To evaluate the effect of the various phases of menstrual cycle on corneal pachymetry.

100 female participants were selected retrospectively, who underwent a through screening and ophthalmic evaluation. Corneal pachymetry was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter. Readings of both the eyes were taken on day 1-3, day 13-15 and day 26-28 of the menstrual cycle. An intergroup comparison was carried out and statistical significance was found.

It was found that the corneal thickness was at its thickest i.e. 547.51± 31.824 on day 13-15 which coincides with ovulation and thinnest i.e. 548.25± 29.948on day 1-3 of the menstrual cycle (p<0.000).

All in all, we conclude that hormonal changes do affect the ocular structures in a profound manner. In view of the cornea, they have a role in disturbing the pump mechanism of corneal endothelium, especially when oestrogen levels are at their highest. This eventually leads to a physiological increase in corneal thickness due to corneal edema and having an indirect effect on visual acuity and corneal sensitivity and intraocular measurement.
A prospective observational study to evaluate the etiology and staging of neovascular glaucoma
Authors: Kuruba Mayuri Totli , Sultana Khayoom Nishat
Published: March 2020

To identify the most common cause and the frequent stage of presentation in patients with neovascular glaucoma.

The present study is a prospective observational study. 136 eyes of 109 patients having neovascular glaucoma in one eye or both the eyes were included in the study. All patients underwent thorough ocular examination i.e., visual acuity, slit lamp bio-microscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by Goldmannapplanation tonometry, gonioscopy with Posner 4 mirror indirect gonioscope and dilated fundus examination. Neovascularization of iris (NVI) was identified in an undilated state, presence of any ectropionuveae, hyphema, anterior chamber reaction, pseudoexfoliative material, keratic precipitates and other signs of uveitis were noted. The number of quadrants of the angle having neovascularization was noted.

The mean age was 57.59 ± 12.6 years, 80.73% were males and 19.26% were females. Mean IOP was 27.14 ± 11.3 mm of Hg. 74 (54.4%) presented in rubeosisiridis stage, 38 (27.9%) in angle closure stage and 24 (17.6%) in open angle stage. 89 (65.4%) had diabetic retinopathy in variable severity, 16 (11.7%) had uveitis and 14 (10.2%) had retinal vein occlusion. Mean IOP angle closure stage was found to be 36.53±16.259 mm of Hg which is significantly higher than the other two stages ( = 0.000)

In the present study, it was found that Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause and rubeosisiridis is the most common stage of presentation in NVG.
Dinâmicas de uso e cobertura do solo do território da comunidade pesqueira do povoado São Pedro, Jaramataia, Alagoas
Authors: Farias José Lucas Nunes de , Oliveira Matteus Freitas de , Pereira Jackson Belo
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho objetivou efetuar um levantamento e classificação sobre os usos e cobertura do solo no território da comunidade pesqueira do povoado São Pedro em Jaramataia, Alagoas, utilizando como suporte o geoprocessamento. Para isso utilizou-se a imagem LANDSAT 8, cena 215/067, que foi processada através de algoritmos não supervisionados e supervisionados usando o software Envi 5.3. Para a classificação não supervisionada a interpolação gerou 7 classes que apresentou vários conflitos de dados. Para a supervisionada foi identificada e caracterizada oito classes: savanas estépicas arborizadas, savanas estépicas secundárias, estepe estacional arborizada, lavoura temporária ou pastagem, lavoura permanente, solo exposto, área urbana e corpos d’água com destaque para a pesca artesanal. Com isso, observou-se que a área possui elevado grau de antropização e a mancha relevante de vegetação nativa se concentra nas cotas altimétricas mais acentuadas do relevo de difícil acesso. Esse estudo abre possibilidade para a gestão do território a partir da apropriação de informações das áreas de uso e cobertura e geração de políticas públicas que promovam o desenvolvimento local com base em ações sustentáveis.
Biofertilizante como solução nutritiva para produção de alface hidropônica no Alto Sertão paraibano
Authors: Oliveira Filho Francisco De Sales , Cassimiro Carlos Alberto Lins , Sousa Paloma Da Silva , Alencar Lidiana  Vitória Calisto , Feitosa Selma Dos Santos , Silva Edvanildo Andrade da
Published: March 2020

O uso de sistemas hidropônicos por agricultores familiares do semiárido paraibano permite uma produção continuada de hortaliças frente às limitações hídricas, típico desta região, contudo, o difícil acesso e o alto custo dos fertilizantes minerais é um fator limitante desta prática. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o potencial do uso de biofertilizante anaeróbio bovino na substituição dos fertilizantes minerais, no cultivo de alface do grupo crespa cv. Cristina. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, instalada no Instituto Federal da Paraíba, Campus Sousa. Avaliaram-se quatro doses fertilizantes minerais mais biofertilizantes: Bio+0%; Bio+25%; Bio+50%, Bio+75% com quatro repetições, em blocos casualizados. Foram avaliadas as variáveis massas de matérias secas das folhas e total, o número total de folhas, área foliar e produtividade. A redução das doses de fertilizantes minerais comprometeu o crescimento e consequentemente a produção de alface, onde a máxima produção da parte comercial, foi de 43,0 g planta ̵¹, sendo obtida com o tratamento de 75% da combinação das doses de fertilizantes minerais mais biofertilizante.
The metabolic disorders associated with chronic consumption of soft and energy drinks in rats*
Authors: Eltahir Heba M. , Alamri Ghadi , Alamri Asmaa , Aloufi Asmaa , Nazmy Maiiada , Elbadawy Hossein , Bahashwan Saleh , Elbadawy Hossein M. , Alahmadi Yaser M. , Abouzied Mekky
Published: March 2020

Background: Energy Drinks (EDs) and Soft Drinks (SDs) are widely consumed among adolescents and young adults. These drinks contain variable amounts of caffeine which is a central nervous system stimulator; in addition to sugar, taurine, vitamins and herbal extracts. Several adverse effects have been reported for the excessive consumption of caffeine and sugar. Aim: This work aimed at providing a comparison between the effect of chronic consumption of both drinks on metabolism biochemically as well as at the histopathological level. Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into three groups and treated for 4 weeks. Animals received water (control, group 1), 12.5 ml/kg/day of either Pepsi® (SD, group 2) or Power Horse® (ED, group 3). All animals had free access to water and standard animal chow. Results: ED and SD groups showed a significant weight gain compared to control. ED animals showed a significant increase in serum urea, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in comparison to control and SD groups. Serum uric acid significantly increased in ED and SD groups. ED group showed congestion and inflammation in their renal tissues in addition to splenomegaly and increased phagocyte infiltration. Conclusion: The high caffeine-sugar content in ED exerts a more significant influence on the metabolic pathways than SDs. Both increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and tissue inflammation due to their effect on lipid profile and blood glucose. The other ingredients in EDs may play a role in the observed metabolic disturbances. Chronic use of EDs should be especially discouraged to avoid these negative effects.
Human papillomavirus as a single infection in pregnant women from Northeastern Mexico: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Martínez-Leal Bernardo , Álvarez-Banderas1 Karla Ivette , Sánchez-Dávila Homero , Imelda Dávila-Rodríguez Martha , Cortés-Gutiérrez Elva Irene
Published: March 2020

Background: The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) as single or multiple infections in pregnant women would be relevant to determining the time to progression and/or the time to regression of cervical lesions.
Objective: In this preliminary study, we determined the prevalence of HPV as single or multiple infections in pregnant women from Northeastern Mexico.
Materials and Methods: Samples from 31 pregnant and 62 nonpregnant women were examined between January 2015 and November 2015 at UMAE-23 of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). The samples of cervicovaginal exudate were obtained for HPV DNA detection using the INNO-LiPA test, and HPV infections were analyzed as single or multiple infections. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic, gynecological, obstetric, and sexual behavior characteristics.
Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 25.7 ± 4.8 yr, with an average time of pregnancy of 6 ± 1 months at the time of the study. With respect to age, parity, smoking history, or oral contraceptive use no statistically significant differences between the two studied groups was observed. The HPV infection was 2.7 times higher in pregnant women (35%) than in the control group (13%). In total, 78% of the pregnant women who were HPV-positive presented with single infections compared with 28% of the nonpregnant women.
Conclusion: A higher prevalence of HPV as a single infection was found in this sample of pregnant Mexican women. Follow-up is necessary to evaluate the persistence or regression of the infection.
Key words: Papillomavirus infection, Pregnant women, Uterine cervical dysplasia.
Retraction Note to: The protective effect of Pentoxifylline on testopathy in male rats following Dimethyl Nitrosamine administration: An experimental study
Authors: Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Faramarzi Azita , Roshankhah Shiva , Jalili Cyrus
Published: March 2020

This article has been retracted at the request of the IJRM editorial board, based on research the results of an investigation which found serious flaws in publishing the study results.
Interferon-g-Inducible Protein 10 for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Firmanti Stefani Candra , Triasih Rina , Wibawa Tri , Haryana Sofia Mubarika
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children is challenging by the absence of a practical gold standard. Interferon (IFN)-ginducible protein 10 (IP-10) is a chemokine that may serve as the leading candidate marker in child TB diagnosis. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of IP-10 in the diagnosis of TB in children.METHODS: We recruited eligible symptomatic and asymptomatic children aged <15 years actively by contact investigation and passively from inpatient and outpatient clinics in two hospitals, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We conducted clinical examination and chest X-ray in all eligible children. Sputum smear and the rapid molecular TB test were performed in children with TB symptoms. All participants underwent blood sampling for IFN-g Release Assay and IP-10 test.RESULTS: A total of 79 children were recruited to this study. Twelve children were with TB disease, 16 with latent TB infection (LTBI), 40 were TB-exposed only and 11 were non-TB. Children with evidence of TB infection either with TB disease or LTBI had higher levels of antigen-stimulated IP-10 compared to non-infected children, both TB exposed only and non-TB (p=0.000). A cut-off 408.74 pg/mL for antigen-stimulated IP-10 showed high diagnostic accuracy for diagnosis of TB infection (AUC: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.92-1.00, sensitivity: 92.3%, and specificity: 91.9%). However, the stimulated levels of IP-10 between children with TB disease and LTBI were not significantly different (p=0.268).CONCLUSION: IP-10 performed well to diagnose TB infection in children. However, it cannot be used to differentiate TB infection from TB disease.KEYWORDS: IFN-g, IP-10, latent TB, active TB, children
The effect of variety and degree of maturity of the fruit on the organoleptic characteristics of candied zucchini
Authors: Sannikova T. A. , Machulkina V. A. , Pavlov L. V. , Gulin A. V.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. Squashes are a promising culture, and the recent work of breeders allow us to uncover large reserves to improve their nutritional and dietary qualities. The dietary value of zucchini is due to the easy digestibility of all carbohydrates, which allows them to be used in the production of canned foods. Canned snacks and candied fruits are produced from zucchini. The most important quality of the varieties we study is their cylindrical shape, allowing mechanization of the cleaning operation.

Methods. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to use zucchini of different degrees of ripeness for the preparation of candied fruit with the least loss of products.

Results. As a result of research conducted at the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetable and Melon-Growing in the Astrakhan Region, it was found that zucchini fruits of different degrees of maturity can be used to make candied fruits, but the highest yield was obtained from mature squash, and amounted to 654 kg from the Sosnovsky variety , in the Orange variety 696 kg from one ton of prepared raw material, while in the Orange variety of candied fruits it was obtained 42-64 kg more than in the Sosnovsky variety, depending on the degree of ripening STI. The tasting committee rated candied fruits obtained from the fruit of the zucchini of the Orange variety higher by 0.3-0.5 points than from the Sosnovsky variety. In terms of chemical composition, candied fruits prepared from the raw material of ripe zucchini fruits exceeded 1.2-1.5 times - from unripe fruits. Ready candied fruits can be used as an independent form, as well as for the preparation of other types of products in the food industry.
Molecular Identification of Lactic acid bacteria Isolated from Lactating Cattle Lower Gut as a Potential Probiotic Species
Authors: Habib K , Ahmad T , Riaz A , Ali G M , Arif I , Imran M , Parveen S , Maqbool A , Ghazanfar S
Published: March 2020

Balanced diet is a basic factor in livestock productivity. There is still insufficient knowledge on indigenous probiotic species of livestock gastrointestinal tract. The present experiment was conducted for isolation and molecular identification of probiotic bacterial species from cattle lower gut and to determine their probiotic potential. Twenty (20) bacterial isolates were identified morphological and biochemical methods. Out of twenty isolates, three strains (PBC-3, PBC-6 and PBC-9) were selected as presumptive probiotic strains based on their enzymatic potential (cellulolytic, amylolytic and proteolytic ability), survival ability in low pH, better hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, gamma haemolytic activity and better results against antimicrobial species. These isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis (PBC-3), Pediococcus acidilacticii (PBC-6) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (PBC-9) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results of present study illustrated that Pediococcus acidilacticii (PBC-6) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (PBC-9) bacterial strains showed best probiotic potential and can be used in cattle feed in future
Comparison of Fattening, Slaughtering and Carcass Characteristics of Different Genotype Lambs Grown in Turkey
Authors: Yaralı Engin
Published: March 2020

In this study, it was aimed to determine the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics of lambs of Eþme Kývýrcýðý (EKIV), Bursa Kývýrcýðý (BKIV), Çine Çaparý (CC) and Karya (KAR) sheeps. A total of 37 male lambs at the age of 3.5 months formed the animal material. Fattening period is 56 days. During slaughtering, head, feet, skin, liver, hot carcass weights were determined and hot carcass yield was calculated. Each carcass was cut out into 7 parts. The overall average of daily weight gain was 144.82 g. While the highest daily live weight gain was observed in the KAR, the CC had the lowest value. The total share of the rump, shoulders, back and arms are 57.65%, 66.85%, 65.80% and 67.12% for CC, EKIV, KAR and BKIV, respectively. The effect of the genotype on all the characteristics other than cooling loss is important. In terms of dressing percentage value, the ranking was CC, BKIV, KAR and EKIV from the highest to the lowest.
Molecular Characterization of Muscle Infecting Myxobolus sp. Causing Outbreak in Labeo rohita, Rohu: First Report from Andaman Islands
Authors: Saravanan K , Kumar Shailesh , Praveenraj J , Meena B L , Kasinath B L
Published: March 2020

Among the myxozoan parasites, the genus Myxobolus is considered as the emerging parasite in freshwater aquaculture. In the present study, a disease outbreak associated with mass mortality was investigated in a carp farm located at North and Middle Andaman district of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The affected rohu fry exhibited the clinical signs such as lethargic movement, dark body colouration, loss of appetite, excess mucus secretion, 1-2 mm multifocal white nodules on the body surface and skeletal deformities including spinal curvatures. Molecular characterization using 18S rRNA along with clinical signs identified the causative agent as muscle infecting Myxobolus sp. (GenBank accession number MK128509) which showed 95.45% identity with Myxobolus musculi and 95.23% identity with Myxobolus pseudodispar. Genetic distance and phylogenetic tree analysis were performed to elucidate the relationship between the Myxobolus sp. obtained in the present study and the members of other congeners. This investigation serves as the first report of Myxobolus sp. outbreak from Andaman and Nicobar Islands and also reiterates the need for implementation of strict biosecurity measures to preserve the freshwater aquatic fauna of these Islands.
Effect of Supplementation of Herbal Products as Feed Additive on Rumen Metabolites in Marwari Goats
Authors: Karnani Monika , Dhuria R K , Sharma T , Manju Manju
Published: March 2020

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of herbal products supplementation on rumen environment in Marwari goats. Marwari goats of 18-24 months of age were randomly divided into five groups (four in each) i.e. T1 (complete feed without herbal products), T2 (Complete feed + Himalayan Batisa @ 10 mg/g substrate), T3 (Complete feed+Appetonic Vet powder @ 10 mg/g substrate), T4 (Complete feed + Ruchamax @ 3 mg/g substrate) and T5 (Complete feed + Rumizyme powder @ 7.5 mg/g substrate). Rumen liquor samples were collected from each animal at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 18 hrs post prandial. Rumen pH was unaffected while TVFA concentration was higher (Pandlt; 0.01) in herbal product supplemented groups in comparison to un-supplemented group. The total nitrogen, non-protein nitrogen and TCA-precipitable nitrogen were higher, whereas, the ammonia nitrogen and total protozoal count were lower (P andlt; 0.01) in herbal product supplemented groups. The results are indicative of supplementation of herbal products enhance the productivity in goats by improving the ruminal environment.
INDICATORS OF HEMOSTASIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: Galeeva N. V. , Kravchenko I. E.
Published: March 2020

Goal of the study is to reveal the particular features of hemostasis in patients with chronic hepatitis C in dynamics of natural course of disease. Materials and methods. The indices of hemostasis in 535 patients with chronic hepatitis C were assessed by the number of platelets, degree of their aggregation with the use of inductor of adenosine triphosphate and without it (spontaneous aggregation of platelets). Coagulative hemostasis was analyzed by the activated partial thromboplastin time, antitrombin III, prothrombin ratio, prothrombin time, fibrinogen concentration in plasma and international normalized ratio. Based on the number of Tr, typical for the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, conditionally the patients were divided into 3 groups: I group - hypercoagulability; II - transient phase between hyper and hypocoagulation and III- hypocoagulation, which also included patients with liver cirrhosis. Results and discussion. Independent on the phase of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, increase of aggregation of Tr with the growth of maximal amplitude was observed. The main part of studied indices of coagulative hemostasis indicated at the condition of hypocoagulation in patients with chronic hepatitis C - this is significant increase of activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio and decrease of fibrinogen concentration in the studied groups by the phases of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Value of antitrombin III changed oppositely, it decreased, so that plasma hemostasis tends to the hypercoagulation. Conclusion. Under the chronic hepatitis C all phases of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome were observed with the disorder of thrombocytic coagulative hemostasis. There was followed up multidirectional change of hemostasis which obtained in the most cases character of delitescent course of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome.
THE ANALYSIS OF CASE OF MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME IN NO ENDEMIC REGIONS
Authors: Petrov A. A. , Karulina N. V. , Sizikova T. E. , Lebedev V. N. , Borisevich Sergey V.
Published: March 2020

The some epidemiologic characteristics of etiologic agent of disease, possible main and intermediate reservoirs of agent in the nature, mechanism of agents transmission, modern methods of diagnostics and identification of agent, perspective trends of elaboration of therapeutics for special prophylactic and current of diseases are viewed. The possibility of existing in no endemic regions outbreaks of MERS as the result of accidental acquire by persons, arrival from Middle East countries, determines of elaboration of complex effective epidemic measures.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY IN CHRONIC HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 6 TYPE INFECTION
Authors: Rakitianskaya Irina Anisimovna , Ryabova T. S. , Kalashnikova A. A.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. In recent years human-6 herpes virus (HHV-6) has become the most commonly detected virus in peripheral blood, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, both in asymptomatic infections and in diseases potentially associated with HHV-6. Today, no antiviral drug has been officially approved for the treatment of HHV-6. Materials and methods. 57 patients with chronic HHV-6 infection were examined (mean age 33.34 ± 1.86 years). Patients were divided into three groups for different treatment regimens: 1 group (12 patients) received therapy with Famvir; Group 2 (16 patients) received Valcite; Group 3 (29 patients) - Ingaron. All patients were determined by the number of copies of HHV-6 DNA by PCR in saliva samples before and after the therapy. Results. None of the patient groups received negative PCR results after treatment. In groups of patients after valcyte therapy and therapy with Ingaron there is a significant decrease in the number of copies of HHV-6 DNA. The severity of complaints after therapy was also analyzed. Significant therapeutic effect a month after therapy showed Ingaron, to a slightly lesser extent - Valcite. The worst result was obtained in the group of patients receiving famvir.
PREDICTORS OF FORMATION OF EARLY COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND B WITH DELTA AGENT WITH RESULTS IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Abdukadirova M. A. , Khikmatullaeva A. S.
Published: March 2020

Liver cirrhosis (LC) should be considered as a severe, progressive disease with systemic manifestations. Early detection and elimination of risk factors for the development of LC complications are essential for improving the quality of life of patients. In order to study the clinical aspects of the initial stages of LC, we examined 207 patients with LC HBV and HDV etiology. The study of the characteristics of the initial manifestations of LC is necessary to identify predictors of the development of severe complications and prevent disability of patients.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS PATHOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Kravchenko Irina Eduardovna , Galieva A. M , Gataullin M. R , Vafin A. Y
Published: March 2020

Purpose. To develop ways to improve the regional model of providing medical care to infectious patients in the Republic of Tatarstan on the basis of the rational use of available resources and the introduction of modern medical technologies. Results and discussion. Over the analyzed observation period of 13 years (2005-2017), there was a significant reduction in the resource provision of the infectious diseases service of the Republic of Tatarstan, including the material and technical base, human resources (infectious disease doctors) and the cost of medical care infectious patients. During the same period, the primary infectious morbidity (FM) of the population tended to decrease (the rate of decline was 17.0%). The significant impact of the resource provision of the infectious service (CID, beds, infectious disease physicians) on the indicators of the IZ population (p
Al-Qaeda’s New Orientation After the Death of Osama bin Laden
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Syukur Yanuardi
Published: March 2020

After the death of Osama Bin Laden and the declaration of the establishment of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the Al-Qaeda movement changed from being aggressive to being passive. The aggressiveness of the Al-Qaeda movement, for instance, was seen during the spectacular terror of 9/11, which was then followed by various actions carried out by followers in various parts of the world. However, Bin Laden's death and the rise of the ISIS group made Al-Qaeda look passive. This paper seeks to see the history of the Al-Qaeda movement to the dynamics that influence the movement’s choices. The author found that changing Al-Qaeda's orientation from aggressive to passive did not deny the existence of a consolidated movement that deliberately distanced itself from the anti-terrorism campaign carried out by the United States.