bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIVÊNCIAS DE FAMÍLIAS DE CRIANÇAS COM PARALISIA CEREBRAL SOBRE A UTILIZAÇÃO DE GASTROSTOMIA
Authors: Leticia Petry Isabela , Gramazio Soares Leticia , Holanda Prezotto Kelly , Schroeder Abreu Isabella , Gabriela Alves Pereira Anye , Gracino Luana , Dmyterko Leticia
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil das famílias das crianças com paralisia cerebral e compreender as necessidades tangenciam a assistência em saúde e que estão presentes no contexto familiar de crianças com PC, em especial aquelas que possuem a gastrostomia. Método: estudo transversal de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo. A pesquisa foi realizada na Unidade Escola de Enfermagem em conjunto com o Projeto Órtese e Prótese, no município de Guarapuava. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram três cuidadoras de crianças com PC que possuem gastrostomia. Resultados: foi possível ampliar a discussão em três categorias, sendo: o processo de adaptação familiar e as dificuldades ao uso da gastrostomia; necessidades relacionadas aos cuidados com a gastrostomia e; a importância do cuidado multidisciplinar. Conclusão: tem se certa resistência entre cuidadores em aceitar a situação atual, um processamento gradual e por vez, tardio.
Individual accessibility and travel possibilities: A literature review on time geography
Authors: Neutens Tijs , Witlox Frank , Demaeyer Philippe
Published: November 2023

In the late 1960s, Torsten Hägerstrand introduced the conceptual framework of time geography which can be deemed an elegant tool for analysing individual movement in space and time. About a decade later, the auspicious time-geographic research has gradually lost favour, mainly due to the unavailability of robust geocomputational tools and the lack of georeferenced individual-level travel data. It was only from the early 1990s that new GISbased research gave evidence of resurgence in popularity of the field. From that time on, several researchers have steadily been publishing work at the intersection of time geography, disaggregate travel modeling, and GI-science. This paper reviews the most important timegeographic contributions. From this exercise, some prevailing research gaps are deduced and a way to deal with these gaps is presented. In particular, we focus on space-time accessibility measures, geovisualisation of activity patterns, human extensibility and fuzzy space-time prisms in relation to CAD.
Cost Overruns in Large-scale Transportation Infrastructure Projects: Explanations and Their Theoretical Embeddedness
Authors: Cantarelli Chantal C. , Flyvbjerg Bent , Molin Eric J.E. , Wee Bert Van
Published: November 2023

Managing large-scale transportation infrastructure projects is difficult due to frequent misinformation about the costs which results in large cost overruns that often threaten the overall project viability. This paper investigates the explanations for cost overruns that are given in the literature. Overall, four categories of explanations can be distinguished: technical, economic, psychological, and political. Political explanations have been seen to be the most dominant explanations for cost overruns. Agency theory is considered the most interesting for political explanations and an eclectic theory is also considered possible. Non-political explanations are diverse in character, therefore a range of different theories (including rational choice theory and prospect theory), depending on the kind of explanation is considered more appropriate than one all-embracing theory.
Cross-border Car Traffic in Dutch Mobility Models
Authors: Pieters Marits , Jong Gerard De , Hoorn Toon Van Der
Published: November 2023

Cross-border travel generates a substantial amount of mobility near the borders, but is not a large percentage of total Dutch mobility. However in the border regions of the country, these flows are important. For the Dutch national transport model LMS, O-D matrices are required that include cross-border car travel. This is a challenging task, due to scarcity of data. First, a production model (by travel purpose) is used to calculate the total production of car journeys. Next, these journeys are distributed over domestic and foreign destinations using a simplified destination choice model. From the resulting matrix, domestic journeys are removed and only the border crossing journeys are kept. Domestic journeys are then replaced by the results of the existing much more detailed mode-and destination choice models. The new models are estimated on the Dutch national mobility survey (MON) and are of reasonable quality. The predicted numbers of border crossing journeys to Belgium and Germany are lower than the numbers from traffic counts, and therefore an additional calibration to count data totals is carried out. The results indicate that for commuting the resistance to cross the border is equivalent to 35 (Belgium) or 46 (Germany) minutes extra travel time. Also for all other travel purposes in the model, it is found that the border resistance for journeys to Belgium is smaller than that for journeys to Germany, which can be explained by the additional factor of language difference. The smallest border resistance for both countries is found for shopping journeys.
Humanitarian supply chain: an analysis of response operations to natural disasters
Authors: Costa Sergio Ricardo Argollo Da , Bandeira Renata Albergaria M. , Mello Luiz Carlos Brasil B. , Campos Vânia Barcellos G.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents an analysis of the logistics processes adopted in response to six major natural disasters that occurred in the last decade: (i) the Mozambique flooding in 2000, (ii) the Pakistan earthquake in 2005, (iii) the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2006, (iv) the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, (v) the flood and landslide in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2010, and (vi) the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011. Through the analysis of secondary data, the main practices, problems and challenges in these post-disaster humanitarian operations are identified. This study aims to understand the environment and circumstances in which these humanitarian operations occurred, assessing the main constraints encountered and the approaches adopted to ensure the supply of relief to victims of natural disasters. Finally, suggestions are proposed in order to improve the efficiency and success rate of the logistics process in other humanitarian response operations.
Medicinal Use of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) to Cure Fever in Meerut District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Tomar Amit
Published: November 2023

This paper highlights the medicinal use of Andrographis paniculata to cure fever. In Indian folk tradition, medicinal uses of A. paniculatahave a long-standing reputation as a treatment for fever and were used to treat various disorders. It is also traditionally used to treatother kinds of diseases, common cold, cough, fever due to several infective causes. Plant species belong to the family Acanthaceae andare applied health tonic, as an antioxidant. It was applied as a decoction, infusion and tincture for the treatment in several ailments.Within India, such folk tradition is widespread throughout all parts of nation. The reference regarding the medicinal use of A. paniculatais given in Vedas and texts. Its vernacular name is given in Vedas as ‘Kalmegh’, which means dark clouds. The plant has an intense bittertaste so ‘Kalmegh’ is also known as King of bitter.
Unraveling the Relationship between Percentage Cover and Biomass of Various Herbaceous Species in the Dry Tropical Grassland
Authors: Gupta Alka , Sagar R. , Pandey Aakansha
Published: November 2023

The estimation of biomass and cover is an ideal variable for determining ecosystem productivity, vegetation abundance, and community structure of any ecosystem. Biomass estimation by harvest method causes a huge loss of biomass and biodiversity. Non-destructive methods are helpful for repeated and regular sampling of the same plot to measure any change in biomass at the fixed time interval. There are already several regression equations established between biomass and cover in various ecosystems for finding above-ground biomass but there was an urgent need for such studies in dry tropical grasslands. The experiment was performed in the entire campus of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. 115 Quadrats were sampled in the entire university campus during year 2019-2020. For each quadrat, species-wise individual numbers were recorded and above-ground biomass was estimated by harvest method. Herbage cover was recorded for each species and measured by gridding each 1×1 m2 quadrat into 100 cells of 10 × 10 cm cells, each representing 1% cover. We found 59 herbaceous species of 28 different families. The family Asteraceae was the most common while only single species represented the other seventeen families. Most of the species like Dichanthium annulatum, Sida acuta, Ageratum conyzoides, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Rungia pectinate, and Vernonia cinerea showed linear regression equation, Parthenium hysterophorus, Alternenthera sessilis, Boerhavia diffusa showed quadratic polynomial trendlines. Species like Zephyranthes citrina and Ruellia tuberosa showed a power regression equation. Only Andrographis paniculata, and Chenopodium album showed an exponential regression equation. A power regression equation was found between pooled biomass and cover. Using the regression equations biomass of the listed 59 species could be calculated easily without disturbing the vegetation of the study area which will eventually help in the conservation of nature.
New Distributional Records of Three Rare Ferns from Odisha, India
Authors: Mishra Niranjan , Patra Suman , Kumari Babita , Lodhiyal Neelu , Behera Sandip K.
Published: November 2023

Niyamgiri and Kotgah Wildlife Sanctuary are part of the Eastern Ghats located at Odisha. The altitude range of these mountain ranges between 400–1516 m shows the diversity of vegetation due to their undulating mountain peaks, deep gorges, valleys and numerous springs. Three species viz., Amblovenatum opulentum (Kaulf.) J. P. Roux, Pronephrium articulatum (Houlston & T. Moore) Holttum and Sphaerostephanos hirtisorus (C. Chr.) Holttum (Family: Thelypteridaceae) collected from Niyamgiri hill and Kotgarh Wildlife Sanctuary are recorded for the first time from Odisha state. The same are documented here with taxonomic details and photographs of herbaria
Examining Nursing Students’ Experiences During COVID-19 Through a Psychosocial Development Lens
Authors: Rode Jennifer , Neu Tricia , Hammer Susan
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose:The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic on freshman and sophomore residential nursing students in relation to personal development. Findings are examined through the lens of Chickering’s seven vectors of psychosocial development to better understand the implications of nursing students’ challenges during COVID-19.Methods:A convenience sample of residential nursing students completed surveys eliciting narrative descriptions of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on their lives while in college.Results:Five main themes were identified as personal consequences of the pandemic: loss of connection with peers and instructors, loss of focus, loss of motivation, physical isolation, and emotional isolation. Findings were discussed through the lens of Chickering’s seven vectors of psychosocial development to better understand the implications of students’ COVID experiences.Implications for Practice:The results of the study suggest that students may have experienced obstacles from the effects of COVID-19, which may affect their psychosocial and identity development. An understanding of the personal consequences of COVID-19 on residential nursing students may assist faculty and administrators as they develop opportunities for social interactions that serve as a foundation for psychosocial development.
Coleção ESCALA
Authors: Simões Alessandra Paiva
Published: November 2023

Este artigo propõe uma análise da coleção ESCALA (Essex Collection of Art from Latin America), pertencente à Universidade de Essex, no Reino Unido, e sua relação com a inserção da arte latino-americana no circuito internacional. A partir de um olhar sobre a trajetória e aspectos conceituais da coleção, este trabalho procura entender sua contribuição, juntamente com outras instituições no contexto inglês, para a construção de uma perspectiva de caráter mais global e menos estereotipada da arte latino-americana. A pesquisa foi feita como base em bibliografia interdisciplinar, que serviu de apoio teórico para a análise da coleção, após visita presencial da autora ao acervo, em 2022.
Lapidários
Authors: Marquéz-Elul Fercho
Published: November 2023

Este artigo reflete o processo em andamento do projeto artístico Lapidários: uma sessão expositiva e reprodutiva das pedras, em especial, o deslocamento de um acervo constituído privadamente, uma seção da biblioteca,  de publicações de artistas  e de autores do campo das humanidades tendo a pedra e suas interlocuções com outros campos para o espaço de exposição, uma sessão expositiva, em junho de 2022, da Pinacoteca Barão de Santo Ângelo em Porto Alegre, contando com a interação dos visitantes, bem como uma encontro com artistas que doaram ao projeto publicação. Valendo como base teórica reflexões sobre a biblioteca de Georges Perec, o colecionismo segundo Walter Benjamin, bem como a histografia da mesa através de Leo Steinberg, Georges Didi-Huberman, Yves Alain-Bois e Rosalind Krauss e poéticas como as de Rachel Whiteread e Robert Rauschenberg, objetiva, a partir da sessão expositiva ocorrida, refletir brevemente sobre a organização e o locus em que uma biblioteca se instala e mais detidamente sobre a mesa como dispositivo de apresentação e exposição do conhecimento sobre pedras condensado a partir de ínumeros exemplares impressos e entre si postos em articulação, bem como as questões de horizontalidade que permeia as produções contemporâneas e a visualidade da imagem.
Strategies towards inhibition of aluminum current collector corrosion in lithium batteries
Authors: Han Changxing , Chen Guansheng , Ma Yu , Ma Jun , Shui Xiong , Dong Shanmu , Xu Gaojie , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Zili , Qiao Lixin , Cui Guanglei
Published: November 2023

Aluminum (Al) foil, serving as the predominant current collector for cathode materials in lithium batteries, is still unsatisfactory in meeting the increasing energy density demand of rechargeable energy storage systems due to its severe corrosion under high voltages. Such Al corrosion may cause delamination of cathodes, increasement of internal resistance, and catalysis of electrolyte decomposition, thus leading to premature failure of batteries. Hence, a systematic understanding of the corrosion mechanisms and effective anticorrosion strategies are necessary to enhance overall performance of lithium batteries. In this review, the corrosive mechanisms related to Al current collectors are systematically summarized and clarified. In addition, an overview on recent progress and advancement of strategies toward inhibiting Al corrosion is presented. In the end, we also provide a perspective with motivation to stimulate new ideas and research directions to further inhibit Al corrosion to achieve high energy density, long cycle life, and high safety of lithium batteries.
Efficient separation and selective Li recycling of spent LiFePO4 cathode
Authors: Kong Yuelin , Yuan Lixia , Liao Yaqi , Shao Yudi , Hao Shuaipeng , Huang Yunhui
Published: November 2023

Given the fast-growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and the upcoming climax of LIB retirement, efficient recycling of spent LIBs has shown increasing importance in both economic benefit and environmental conservation. The LIBs with LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes account for half of the LIB market, so developing an appropriate recycling way for spent LFP (SLFP) batteries is imperative. In this work, a closed-loop regeneration of SLFP cathodes is proposed, in which a facile cold stimulation route is invented to peel the SLFP layer from Al foil, and then Li and Fe elements are selectively and efficiently extracted from the peeling SLFP layer under mild conditions based on an oxidant of NaClO. The leaching rate of elemental Li could reach 98.3%, and the regenerated LFP synthesized by recovered Li2CO3 and FePO4 shows exceptional performance with a discharge capacity of 162.6 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C. This regeneration route has greatly reduced the use of chemical reagents, shortened the process of impurity removal, and, therefore, realized the closed-loop regeneration of SLFP batteries.
Cathode materials in microbial electrosynthesis systems for carbon dioxide reduction: recent progress and perspectives
Authors: Hui Su , Jiang Yujing , Jiang Yuanfan , Lyu Zhaoyuan , Ding Shichao , Song Bing , Zhu Wenlei , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: November 2023

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is an emerging technology that enables the synthesis of value-added chemicals from carbon dioxide (CO2) or inorganic carbon compounds by coupling renewable electricity to microbial metabolism. However, MES still faces challenges in achieving high production of value-added chemicals due to the limited extracellular electron transfer efficiency at the biotic-abiotic interfaces. To overcome this bottleneck, it is crucial to develop novel cathodes and modified materials. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in cathode materials in the field of electrocatalyst-assisted and photocatalyst-assisted MES. The effects of various material types are further investigated by comparing metal-free and metal materials and photocatalyst materials of different semiconductor types. Additionally, the review introduces the maximum production rate of value-added chemicals and conversion efficiency achieved by these cathode materials while highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of different material types. To the best of our knowledge, in electrocatalyst-assisted systems, the maximum CH4 yield on graphene aerogel/polypyrrole cathode achieved 1,672 mmol m-2 d-1, and the maximum Faraday efficiency (FE) of CH4 reached up to 97.5% on graphite plate. Meanwhile, the maximum acetate yield achieved 1,330 g m-2 d-1 with CO2 conversion efficiency into acetate close to 100% on carbon nanotube cathodes. In photocatalyst-assisted systems, the maximum acetate yield could reach 0.51 g L-1 d-1 with the coulombic efficiency of 96% on the MnFe2O4/g-C3N4 photocathode. Finally, prospects for future development and practical applications of MES are discussed, offering theoretical guidance for the fabrication of cathode materials that can improve production efficiency and reduce energy input.
Identification, removal of microplastics and surfactants from laundry wastewater using electrocoagulation method
Authors: Yaranal Naveenkumar Ashok , Kuchibhotla Saket Apparao , Subbiah Senthilmurugan , Mohanty Kaustubha
Published: November 2023

Microplastics (MPs) and surfactants are generally recognized as emerging contaminants with complicated ecotoxicological impacts. The majority of study data refers to laundry wastewater as a substantial source of MPs and surfactants in the aquatic system, which reaches aquatic environments through sewer discharges even when wastewater treatment facilities retain them. This study focused on releasing and removing contaminants from laundry wastewater, particularly MPs and surfactants. The electrocoagulation method was used to remove the pollutants from laundry wastewater. According to the results, a reference load of 2 kg of synthetic materials releases 92,700 to 1,14,300 synthetic microfibers (MFs). MFs, surfactants, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency are higher at neutral pH. The percentage removal efficiency of MFs, surfactants, and COD was 97.9%, 91.2%, and 86.3%, respectively, at an operating time of 25 min, a current density of 300 A/m2 with optimum power consumption. The total operation cost of laundry wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation was US$0.53 /m3. The readers will gain a complete understanding of the removal of MFs and surfactants from laundry wastewater using the electrocoagulation technique.
Kaçar Döneminde Konsolosluktan Sadrazamlığa: Mirza Hüseyin Han Müşirüddevle [Sipahsalar]
Authors: KARADENİZ Yılmaz
Published: November 2023

Mirza Hüseyin Han Müşirüddevle Sipahsalar, Kaçar idaresi sırasında konsolosluktan sadrazamlık makamına kadar yükselmiş, görevi sırasında İran’da afyon üretimini teşvik etmesi, rüşvete meyilli olması ve şaibeli büyük bir servete sahip olmasıyla anılan bir şahsiyet olarak tarihe geçmiştir. Bugün ise İran’da ismi bir okul ve camiye verilmesiyle hatırlanmaktadır. İran’ın Bombay Başkonsolosluğundan başlayarak sadrazam olana kadar görev yaptığı süre içerisindeki diplomatik ve idari tasarrufları, bazı tarihçilerin kendisini reformist olarak görmelerine sebep olmuştur. Bu kesim, Sipahsalar’ı Emir-i Kebir düşüncesinin bir takipçisi, ilerici düşünce sahibi, parçalanmış hükümet sistemini düzenleyen, idareyi kanunlarla yürüten, mali ve yargı reformları yapan bir kişi olarak görüp övmüşlerdir. Çalışmamızda Sipahsalar’ın siyasi ve idari hayatı ile ilgili yazılan kitap ve makaleleri tetkik ettikten sonra bizi kapsamlı bir yargıya götürüp götürmediğini ortaya koymaya çalıştık. Tarihi kaynakların bir kısmının hakkında övgüler sıraladığı, bir kısmının ise eleştirdiği Sipahsalar’ın hayatı, faaliyetleri ve devlet idaresindeki rolünü ortaya koymaya çalışırken tekdüze olmamaya çalıştık. Sipahsalar dönemini kaynaklara göre incelemeye ve tarihin perdesinin ardında kalmış bazı sırları ortaya koymaya gayret ettik.
Hyperparameter Optimization and Combined Data Sampling Techniques in Machine Learning for Customer Churn Prediction: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Imani Mehdi , Arabnia Hamid Reza
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a variety of machine learning techniques, including Artificial Neural Networks, Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, Random Forests, Logistic Regression, and three gradient boosting techniques (XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost), were employed to predict customer churn in the telecommunications industry using a publicly available dataset. To address the issue of imbalanced data, various data sampling techniques, such as SMOTE, the combination of SMOTE with Tomek Links, and the combination of SMOTE with Edited Nearest Neighbors, were implemented. Additionally, hyperparameter tuning was utilized to optimize the performance of the machine learning models. The models were evaluated and compared using commonly used metrics, including Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and the Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under Curve (ROC AUC). The results revealed that the performance of the models was enhanced by the application of hyperparameter tuning and the combined data sampling methods on the training data.Overall, after applying SMOTE, XGBoost achieved impressive ROC AUC scores of 90% and an F1-Score of 92%. When SMOTE was combined with Tomek Links, LightGBM performed exceptionally well, achieving a ROC AUC of 91%. XGBoost continued to outperform with an F1-Score of 91% and an ROC AUC of 89%. SMOTE with ENN led XGBoost to outperform other techniques with an F1-Score of 88% and an ROC AUC of 89%. However, LightGBM exhibited a performance decline of 4% in F1-Score and 1% in ROC AUC compared to exclusive SMOTE usage. Lastly, after Optuna Hyperparameter Tuning, CatBoost excelled, achieving an impressive F1-Score of 93% and an ROC AUC of 91%.
Diabetes in a Dish: Modeling and Phenotyping Acute and Chronic Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Vitro in Rodent Heart and Skeletal Muscle Cells
Authors: Kopp Elena Luise , Deussen Daniel Nils , Cuomo Raphael , Lorenz Reinhard , Roth David M , Mahata Sushil K. , Patel Hemal H
Published: November 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a complex pathophysiology which makes modeling the disease difficult. We aimed to develop a novel model for simulating T2D in vitro, including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and variably elevated insulin levels targeting muscle cells. We investigated insulin resistance (IR), cellular respiration, mitochondrial morphometry and the associated function in different T2D -mimicking conditions in rodent skeletal (C2C12) and cardiac (H9C2) myotubes. Physiological controls included 5mM glucose with 20mM mannitol as osmotic controls. To mimic hyperglycemia, cells were exposed to 25mM glucose. Further treatments included insulin, palmitate, or both. After short-term (24h) or long-term (96h) exposure, we performed radioactive glucose uptake and mitochondrial function assays. Mitochondrial size and relative frequencies were assessed by morphometric analyses using electron micrographs. C2C12 and H9C2 cells treated short- or long-term with insulin and/or palmitate and HG showed IR. C2C12 myotubes exposed to T2D -mimicking conditions showed significantly decreased ATP-linked respiration and spare respiratory capacity, and less cytoplasmic area occupied by mitochondria, implying mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, H9C2 myotubes showed elevated ATP-linked and maximal respiration and increased cytoplasmic area occupied by mitochondria, indicating better adaptation to stress and compensatory lipid oxidation in a T2D environment. Both cell lines displayed elevated fractions of swollen/vacuolated mitochondria after T2D -mimicking treatments.Our stable and reproducible in vitro model of T2D rapidly induced IR, changes in ATP-linked respiration, shifts in energetic phenotypes, and mitochondrial morphology, which are comparable to the muscles of patients suffering from T2D. Thus, our model should allow studying disease mechanisms, potential new targets, and screen candidate therapeutic compounds.
Optimizing Intrusion Detection Systems: Exploring the Impact of Feature Selection, Normalization and Three-Phase Precision on the Cse-Cic-Ids-2018 Dataset
Authors: Songma Surasit , Sathuphan Theera , Pamutha Thanakorn
Published: November 2023

In this paper, intrusion detection systems are thoroughly investigated utilizing the CSE-CIC-IDS-2018 dataset. The research is divided into three key phases: first, applying Data Cleaning, Exploratory Data Analysis, and Data Normalization techniques (min-max and z-score) for preparing data across distinct classifiers. Second, feature importance is reduced using a combination of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Random Forest (RF), with the goal of improving processing speed and decreasing model complexity. This stage comprises a comparison with the entire dataset. Finally, machine learning algorithms (XGBoost, CART, DT, KNN, MLP, RF, LR, and Bayes) are applied to specific features and preprocessing approaches. Surprisingly, the XGBoost, DT, and RF models outperform in both ROC values and CPU runtime. Following evaluation, which includes PCA and RF feature selection, an optimal set is produced.
The MYST Family Histone Acetyltransferase Sas3 Governs Diverse Biological Processes in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Kwon Jae Yoon , Choi Young-Ho , Lee Min-Woo , Yu Jae-Hyuk , Shin Kwang-Soo
Published: November 2023

The conserved MYST proteins form the largest family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that acetylate lysines within the N-terminal tails of histone, enabling active gene transcription. Here, we have investigated the biological and regulatory functions of the MYST family HAT Sas3 in the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus using a series of genetic, biochemical, pathogenic, and transcriptomic analyses. The deletion of sas3 results in drastically reduced colony growth, asexual development, spore germination, response to stresses, and the fungal virulence. Genome-wide expression analyses have revealed that the sas3 mutant showed 2,402 significant differentially expressed genes; 1,147 up-regulated and 1,255 down-regulated. The representative up-regulated gene resulting from sas3 is hacA predicted to encode a bZIP transcription factor, whereas the UV-endonuclease UVE-1 was significantly down-regulated by sas3. Furthermore, our Western blot analyses suggest that Sas3 likely catalyzes acetylation of H3K9, K3K14, and H3K29 in A. fumigatus. In conclusion, Sas3 is associated with diverse biological processes and can be a potential target for controlling pathogenic fungi.
Magnetic Anisotropy Tailoring by 5d Doping in (Fe,Co)5SiB2 Alloys
Authors: Benea Diana
Published: November 2023

Band structure calculations using the spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (SPRKKR) band structure method have been performed to determine the intrinsic magnetic properties (magnetic moments, magneto-crystalline anisotropy -MAE and Curie temperatures) of the Fe5-x-yCoxMySiB2 (M = Re, W) alloys. The general gradient approximation for ex-change-correlation potential and the atomic sphere approximation (GGA ASA) have been em-ployed. Previous studies showed that the Co doping is turning the in-plane into axial anisotropy for a certain doping range, whilst the 5d doping enables a strong spin-orbit coupling of Fe-3d and M-5d states which is needed to enhance the MAE. The theoretical calculations aim to find the dependence of the anisotropy constant K1 for combined Co and M doping, building a two-dimensional (2D) map of K1 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1. Similar theoretical 2D maps for magnetization and Curie temperature vs. Co and M content (M = W and Re) have been built, allowing to select alloy compositions with enhanced values of uniaxial anisotropy, magnetization and Curie temperature. Magnetic properties of Fe4.1W0.9SiB2 alloy that meets the selection criteria for axial anisotropy K1 > 0.2 meV/f.u., Curie temperature Tc > 800 K determined by mean field approach and magnetization µ0Ms > 1 T are discussed.
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer
Authors: Senín Loreto Domínguez , Pancorbo David Morales , Garcés María Yeray Rodríguez , - María Dolores Santos-Rubio , Calero Juan Bayo
Published: November 2023

Objective: To evaluate the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors as a risk factor for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in a cohort of patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with denosumab. Methods: multicentre, retrospective, observational study. All patients with breast cancer treated with denosumab (January 2011-December 2022) were included. The relationship between CDK4/6 inhibitors and MRONJ was analysed. Results: 243 patients were included, ninety-five (44.2%) used a CDK4/6 inhibitor. There were 21 patients with MRONJ. In patients treated with denosumab without CDK4/6 inhibitors the incidence of MRONJ and mean time to the occurrence of MRONJ was 6.6% (8/120) and 16.8 months (SD 7.8) respectively. In patients treated with denosumab and CDK4/6 inhibitor 13.7% (13/95) and 15.4 month (SD 8.7) respectively. The difference in the incidence was not significant (p=0.085). Conclusion: it suggest that the incidence of MRONJ in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with denosumab was higher and the onset of MRONJ occurred earlier in the presence of CDK4/6 inhibitors. Although the difference was not significant, given that the use of this combination is very common in routine clinical practice, it would be advisable to carry out larger prospective studies to clarify the risk of this association.
Geochemical Characteristics and Environmental Implications of the Paleocene-Eocene in the Jiangling Depression, Southwestern Jianghan Basin
Authors: Yan Kai , Wang Chunlian , Chen Renyi , Wang Jiuyi , Li Ruiqin , Liu Lihong
Published: November 2023

This research investigates the environmental characteristics of the saline lake in the Jiangling depression, southwestern Jianghan Basin from Paleocene to Eocene using bulk-rock geochemistry. The ratios of FeO/MnO, Al2O3/MgO and C-value indicate a semi-humid to semi-arid climate in the early-middle Paleocene. There was a rapid shift to a humid climate during the late Paleocene to early Eocene, following a short-time intense dryness. The Eocene climate was arid, but experienced intermittent humidity. The variation trend of CIA, CIW and PIA is similar to that of FeO/MnO, Al2O3/MgO and C-value, so the chemical weathering was influenced by climate changes. The redox conditions of lake in the Jiangling depression during Paleocene to Eocene were reconstructed using the ratios of U/Th, Ni/Co, and V/Cr. In the humidity and alternations of aridity and humidity, the lake water received external water input, resulting in weak stratification, so the sediments were in oxidation condition. In the aridity, lakes become a still water environments, leading to sediments formed in reduced condition. The salinity of the lake in Jiangling depression from Paleocene to Eocene was determined through the analysis of sedimentary sequences and the change of Sr/Ba ratio. In the early-middle Paleocene, the salinity of lake varied greatly. From the late Paleocene to the early Eocene, the salinity of lake decreased. In the Eocene, the salinity of the lake increased, and the halite precipitated, and finally the salinity of the lake decreased due to humid climate.
Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Antibacterial Susceptibility Profiles among Food Handlers in Sana’a Restaurants, Yemen
Authors: Al-Aomary Nasser , Edrees Wadhah , Al-Ofairi Bashir , Thabit Jameela
Published: November 2023

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous organism that normally colonizes the human body and causes food poisoning. Aim: This study aimed to determine the rate of nasal carriage of S. aureus among food handlers in Sana’a restaurants in, Yemen and performed an antibacterial susceptibility test. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among healthy food handlers from November 2022 to March 2023. Approximately 420 nasal swabs were collected and S. aureus was isolated and identified according to standard bacteriological procedures. Moreover, the antibacterial susceptibility pattern was determined using the disc diﬀusion method. Additionally, the required data were obtained by using the pretested questionnaire. Results: Of 420 nasal swabs, 78 (18.6%) food handlers were S. aureus nasal carriers. The prevalence rate of S. aureus was significantly higher among subjects aged >30 years (23.1%), males (18.8%), and uneducated subjects (25%). Additionally, a higher rate of S. aureus nasal carriers was observed among food handlers who worked as cooks (19.4%), had less than 2 years of experience (20.5%), and had low hygiene (29%). The S. aureus isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (71.8%), vancomycin (76.9%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (61%). Conversely, the isolated S. aureus was resistant to oxacillin (69.2%) and methicillin (66.7%). Conclusion: These data stress that food handlers with a high S. aureus nasal carrier rate may pose significant risks to consumers. Therefore, creating restaurant policies and rules is necessary to provide safe and healthy food to consumers.
MoPce1, a Cap/PR Domain Containing Effector Is Required for the Pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae by Interacting with the OsDi19-5 in Rice
Authors: Bai Huimin , Chen Xiaomin , Zhou Dao , Guo Jiayuan , Sun Ting , Liu Yuanhao , Lai Zecheng , Zhang Dongmei , Tang Wei , Li Xiuxiu , Zhong Zhenhui , Lu Guodong , Wang Zonghua , Zheng Huakun
Published: November 2023

Rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) causes massive yield losses annually worldwide. The fungus secreted bunch of effector proteins target different rice cellular compartments to facilitate its infection. However, most of intensively studied effectors are small secreted proteins with high presence/absence polymorphism in the fungus, and effectors conserved among different species were rarely investigated. In this study, we identified MoPce1, a CAP/PR domain containing protein common in different species, as an important virulence factor from a screening of 145 putative core effectors (PCE). MoPCE1 is required for pathogenicity but not the asexual development. Ectopic expression of MoPCE1sp in ZH11 background compromised the plant resistance. We also found that MoPce1 lacks the conserved cysteine residuals in CAP domain, and is BIC-localized in invasive hyphae and nuclei-localized when ectopically expressed in tobacco leaves and rice protoplasts. These results suggested that MoPce1 may bind novel ligand(s) rather than sterol. Indeed, we found that MoPce1 could interact with OsDi19-5, a transcription factor in rice. We inferred from these results that MoPce1 is required for pathogenicity by suppressing the immune response in rice, likely through the interaction with OsDi19-5.
Improving Eating Habits at the Office: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on Nutritional Interventions
Authors: Hyży Aleksandra , Jaworski Mariusz , Cieślak Ilona , Gotlib Joanna , Panczyk Mariusz
Published: November 2023

(1) Workplace nutrition interventions have garnered attention as a pivotal component of employee well-being and organizational productivity. However, the effectiveness of various intervention types remains inconclusive. This review aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy of cognitive, behavioral, and mixed nutrition interventions in the workplace, considering the nuances of intervention design, setting, and target demographics. (2) A comprehensive umbrella review was conducted, categorizing existing literature into person-oriented and environmental strategies. This review was prepared in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting standard. (3) The analysis revealed a lack of definitive evidence supporting the universal effectiveness of any single intervention type. Nonetheless, behavioral and mixed interventions demonstrated more favorable outcomes compared to purely cognitive strategies. Factors such as intervention design, workplace setting, and target group characteristics were identified as significant determinants of intervention success. (4) The review emphasizes the imperative for additional investigations that utilize evidence-based approaches to formulate sound guidelines for efficacious nutrition interventions in occupational settings. This review functions as a foundational framework for guiding both scholarly research and the pragmatic execution of nutrition programs in the workplace.
Eco-Friendly Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Soybean By-Product with Nematicidal Efficacy against Pratylenchus brachyurus
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Santana de , Furtado Leila Lourenço , Diniz Francisco de Assis dos Santos , Mendes Bruno Leonardo , Araújo Thalisson Rosa de , Silva Luciano Paulino , Santiago Thaís Ribeiro
Published: November 2023

This study explores an eco-friendly approach to synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using soybean leaf extracts, employing a reaction with silver nitrate at 65°C for 2.5 h. Optimal results were achieved at extract concentrations of 3.12 and 6.25 mg leaf mL-1, termed 3.12AgNP and 6.25AgNP, respectively. UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis between 350-550 nm exhibited a peak at 410-430 nm, along with a color transition in the suspensions from pale yellow to brown, indicating successful synthesis. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) further delineated favorable properties of these AgNPs, including nanometric dimensions (73–104 nm), negative charge, and moderate polydispersity, portraying stable and reproducible synthesis reactions. The bioreduction mechanism, possibly expedited by leaf extract constituents such as amino acids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, remains to be fully elucidated. Notably, the study underscored the potent nematicidal effectiveness of the biosynthesized AgNPs, especially 6.25AgNP, against Pratylenchus brachyurus, a common plant parasitic nematode in tropical soybean cultivation regions. In vitro tests illustrated significant nematicidal activity at concentrations above 25 µmol L-1, while in vivo experiments displayed pronounced nematode population diminishment in plant roots, particularly with a 6.25AgNP rhizosphere application at concentrations of 500 µmol L-1 or twice at 250 µmol L-1, attaining a reproduction factor below 1 without any morphological nematode alterations. The research highlights the potential of 6.25AgNPs derived from soybean leaf extracts in forging sustainable nematicidal solutions, marking a significant stride towards eco-friendly phytonematode management in soybean cultivation. This novel methodology signals a promising avenue in harnessing botanical resources for nematode control, propelling a greener agricultural horizon.
Shared E-scooter Practices in Birmingham, Alabama: Analyzing Usage, Patterns, and Determinants
Authors: Hasan Mithila , Sisiopiku Virginia P.
Published: November 2023

Shared micromobility has gained significant attention in the field of transportation engineering in recent years as an environmentally friendly, convenient, and easily accessible transportation mode. Like other medium-sized cities, Birmingham, Alabama implemented a shared micromobility pilot program in 2021 that captured the attention of local travelers. This study examined shared e-scooter usage and associated travel patterns in Birmingham using 2021-2022 field data. From these data, ArcGIS maps were used to showcase trip origins and destinations. To gain a further understanding of e-scooter travel patterns in the study area, zip code and block group densities were calculated. Additionally, a negative binomial regression model was constructed to identify determinants of shared e-scooter trips. The analysis results showed that the usage of shared e-scooters was the highest during the nighttime, on weekends, and in the fall season. Furthermore, the research findings indicated that shared e-scooters experienced their highest utilization rates in areas with a higher proportion of educated and higher-income individuals. These findings suggest that travelers’ mode choice related to the use of micromobility modes is influenced by environmental and demographic factors. Overall, this case study offers valuable contributions to the understanding of the role of shared e-scooters in Birmingham's transportation landscape and can guide transportation authorities in other medium-sized cities in their efforts to plan for micromobility options.
Unreported Characteristics of the North American Monsoon
Authors: Reichenbacher Frank William , Peachey William D.
Published: November 2023

The North American Monsoon (NAM) in southern Arizona continues to be a topic of interest to ecologists, climatologists, and citizens as well as the triggers and characteristics of plant growth and reproduction in relation to the onset of the monsoon. In researching the onset of the North American Monsoon (NAM) in south-central Arizona relative to the phenology of Saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) and other Sonoran Desert species we identified interesting and previously unreported features in the NAM rainfall data. We present preliminary descriptive analyses of (1) monsoon onset as measured by the first day after June 1 with precipitation ≥10 mm (1990-2022), (2) first day of year warming of Sea Surface temperatures (SST) in the Gulf of California to ≥29º C measured across five open-sea blocks (mean 9452 km2), and (3) El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) anomaly with a threshold of +/- 0.5º C for the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) in the Niño 3.4 region (5ºN-5ºS, 120º-170ºW). Three patterns emerge from our analyses: (1) The day of the year of monsoon onset occurs approximately 12 days earlier in the year from 1990-2022 in south-central Arizona. (2) There appears to be a signal in the rainfall onset data very roughly approximating cycles of ENSO Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) anomalies in Niño region 3.4. (3) Gulf of California sea surface temperature (SST) and monsoon onset data support an expected link between the timing of SST warming and monsoon rainfall onset.
Use of Pseudomonas protegens to Control Root Rot Disease Caused by Boeremia exigua var. exigua in Industrial Chicory (Cichorium intybus var. sativum Bisch.)
Authors: Quezada-D’Angelo Tamara , San Martín Juan , Ruiz Braulio , Oyarzúa Pía , Vargas Marisol , Fischer Susana Ursina , Cortés Pamela , Astete Patricio , Moya-Elizondo Ernesto A.
Published: November 2023

Boeremia exigua var. exigua is a recurrent pathogen causing root rot in industrial chicory. Currently, there is no chemical or varietal control for this disease, and thus management strategies need to be developed. This study determined the biocontrol effect of strains of Pseudomonas protegens bacteria with antimicrobial compounds on the fungus B. exigua var. exigua under in vitro, in vivo and field conditions. In addition, root colonization by these bacteria was estimated by molecular analysis. Eighteen isolates of Pseudomonas spp were evaluated and the strains that showed the greatest in vitro inhibition of fungal mycelial growth (mm), Ca10A and ChB7, were selected. Inoculation with the strain ChB7 showed less severity (necrotic area) under in vivo conditions (root trials) compared to the control inoculated with the pathogen (P≤0.05). The molecular analysis revealed that root colonization of plants grown in pots was equal or greater than 70%. Similar levels were observed in the field trials conducted in Selva Negra and Canteras experimental stations (2015-16 season), with values ranging from 85.7 to 70.5% and from 75.0 to 79.5%, respectively. Regarding yield (ton ha-1), values were higher in the treatments inoculated with strains Ca10A and ChB7 (P≤0.05) in both experimental sites, while a lower incidence and severity of root rot were observed in Selva Negra. These results suggest that the Chilean strains of P. protegens are a promising tool for the control of root diseases in industrial chicory.