bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Light-Inducible Strain for Genome-Wide Histone Turnover Profiling in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Storck William K , Abdulla Sabrina Z , Rountree Michael R , Bicocca Vincent T , Selker Eric U
Published: May 2020

In chromatin, nucleosomes are composed of ∼146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer, and are highly dynamic structures subject to remodeling and exchange. Histone turnover has previously been implicated in various processes including the regulation of chromatin accessibility, segregation of chromatin domains, and dilution of histone marks. Histones in different chromatin environments may turnover at different rates, possibly with functional consequences. Neurospora crassa sports a chromatin environment that is more similar to that of higher eukaryotes than yeasts, which have been utilized in the past to explore histone exchange. We constructed a simple light-inducible system to profile histone exchange in N. crassa on a 3xFLAG-tagged histone H3 under the control of the rapidly inducible vvd promoter. After induction with blue light, incorporation of tagged H3 into chromatin occurred within 20 min. Previous studies of histone turnover involved considerably longer incubation periods and relied on a potentially disruptive change of medium for induction. We used this reporter to explore replication-independent histone turnover at genes and examine changes in histone turnover at heterochromatin domains in different heterochromatin mutant strains. In euchromatin, H3-3xFLAG patterns were almost indistinguishable from that observed in wild-type in all mutant backgrounds tested, suggesting that loss of heterochromatin machinery has little effect on histone turnover in euchromatin. However, turnover at heterochromatin domains increased with loss of trimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3 or HP1, but did not depend on DNA methylation. Our reporter strain provides a simple yet powerful tool to assess histone exchange across multiple chromatin contexts.
ANTIBIOFILM-FORMING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF Arnica montana L., Achillea millefolium L. ON Staphylococcus GENUS BACTERIA
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine, Kryvtsova M.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this work was to study the antimicrobial, antibiofilm-forming and antioxidant properties of alcohol extracts of Arnica montana L. and Achillea millefolium L. The plants for the analysis were gathered in the territory of Velyky Berezny region, Transcarpathia. Ethyl and methyl extracts were produced from inflorescences of Arnica montana L. and Achillea millefolium L. For the purpose of analysis, we used Staphylococcus genus bacteria that had been isolated from the mouth cavities and pharynx of human patients suffering from inflammatory diseases, by plating into differentially diagnostic nutrient media with subsequent identification. All isolates were characterized to be biofilm-forming.

The subject of the study was extract’s antimicrobial activity evaluated by the diffusion-into-agar method in standard 96-well plates using the spectrophotometric method and by measuring of antioxidant activity (DPPH test).

t was established that Arnica montana L. extracts exerted a more pronounced antimicrobial activity upon the analysed isolates of Staphylococcus genus bacteria. It was furthermore shown that Arnica montana L. extracts displayed an antimicrobial effect even upon MRSA of S. aureus. Extracts of Arnica montana L. and Achillea millefolium L. were shown to possess anti-biofilm forming properties.

Ethyl and methyl extracts of Arnica montana L.and Achillea millefolium L. were shown to reveal significant antioxidant activity.

Thus, our results indicated a need in further research of possible application of Arnica montana L. and Achillea millefolium L. extracts as anti-staphylococcal agents, which could be employed for the treatment of inflammatory processes in mouth cavity and oropharynx.
Effect of whole grain flours on the overall quality characteristics of mulberry pestil
Authors: Murat Karaoğlu M. , Bedir Y. , Boz H.
Published: May 2020

This research aimed to determine the effects of the structural ingredients (starch, wheat flour, wheat bran and whole grain flours from oat, barley, rye and wheat) on the physical, chemical and sensorial properties of the mulberry pestil. Effects of structural ingredients and their levels were statistically significant on colour values, total dry matter, ash, pH and titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total phenolic content and sensorial evaluation results (P < 0.01) of pestil samples. The characteristics of mulberry pestils ranged from 7.26 to 8.53 brix for total soluble solids, 90.23–92.67% total dry matter, 2.09–3.23% ash (in dry weight), 5.67–5.81 pH, 0.40–0.73% titratable acidity. The highest total phenolic contents were determined in samples containing whole oat flour and whole barley flour, while the lowest values were determined in samples containing starch. The L* values of the pestil samples increased with increasing barley flour and starch content whereas L* values decreased in the pestil samples containing wheat flour, whole rye flour, whole wheat flour, whole oat flour and wheat bran. The highest a* and b* values were measured in samples containing 9% level of starch, and the lowest a* and b* colour values were determined in samples containing 9% level of wheat bran. According to the sensorial evaluation results, the pestil samples produced with oat flour were generally more appreciated by panelists.
Desapariciones forzadas por actores no estatales: la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Sferrazza-Taibi Pietro
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en analizar los estándares de atribución aplicados por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Corte IDH) para declarar la responsabilidad internacional del Estado por desapariciones forzadas cometidas por actores no estatales. El artículo se refiere a la clasificación de los autores de la desaparición forzada, para luego concentrarse en el análisis de las sentencias de la Corte IDH sobre desapariciones forzadas cometidas por actores no estatales que actuaron con el apoyo, la autorización y la aquiescencia del Estado. Asimismo, se analiza la jurisprudencia sobre los casos de desapariciones cometidas por actores no estatales sin vínculo con el Estado. De ese modo, se identifican las etapas jurisprudenciales que la Corte ha superado y se analiza el contenido de los estándares de atribución aplicados. Por lo tanto, además de brindar una descripción del estado de la cuestión, se esbozan apreciaciones críticas sobre el camino recorrido por la Corte, con la finalidad de orientar la interpretación de los estándares para casos similares y para hipótesis sobre las que no ha habido pronunciamiento por parte del tribunal interamericano.
“¡Tu madre está en la lucha!” La dimensión de género en la búsqueda de desaparecidos en Nuevo León, México
Authors: Iliná Nadejda
Published: May 2020

Las Fuerzas Unidas por Nuestros Desaparecidos(as) en Nuevo León (FUNDENL) son un grupo de madres y esposas de personas desaparecidas que desde 2012 se organizan de forma autónoma para encontrar a sus familiares, continuando el legado de otras mujeres que históricamente se movilizaron contra la desaparición, como las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo durante la dictadura en Argentina o las madres del Comité Eureka durante la llamada “guerra sucia” en México. ¿Por qué son las mujeres quienes, en la mayoría de los casos, deciden buscar a sus seres queridos? El objetivo de la presente reflexión es analizar las representaciones de la dimensión de género en la identidad colectiva y activismo de las integrantes del grupo de mujeres buscadoras a partir de sus procesos de resistencia y empoderamiento desde una mirada feminista. Se argumenta que prácticas presentes en su lucha política, como el bordado por la paz, están relacionadas con sus propias experiencias como mujeres y madres. Este artículo se aproxima a dicha experiencia vivida mediante la técnica de historias de vida y trabajo de campo cualitativo. Gracias al uso político de prácticas tradicionalmente femeninas como el bordado, las madres y esposas de FUNDENL resignifican la maternidad y el amor en la lucha por las y los desaparecidos para construir nuevas referencias del papel de las mujeres en la movilización social.
Desaparición de mujeres y niñas en México: aportes desde los feminismos para entender procesos macrosociales
Authors: Velasco-Domínguez María de Lourdes , Castañeda-Xochitl Salomé
Published: May 2020

En México, a partir de 2007, se observa una tendencia al alza en los índices de desaparición de personas según datos del Registro Nacional de Datos de Personas Extraviadas o Desaparecidas (RNPED) de 2019, con una mayor prevalencia de desapariciones de hombres que de mujeres. Sin embargo, en el grupo de personas menores de edad ocurre una tendencia inversa, ya que las cifras de niñas desaparecidas son significativamente mayores a las de niños. El presente artículo propone algunas hipótesis para tratar de entender por qué ha aumentado la desaparición de niñas en México. Se presenta una discusión con algunas teorías feministas que han buscado comprender el aumento de la violencia para las mujeres jóvenes en el marco de las políticas neoliberales. Se argumenta que el aumento en la desaparición de niñas está asociado con dos factores centrales: la existencia de una economía de desposesión de vidas humanas para la acumulación de capital que produce formas específicas de violencia contra mujeres y niñas, y la violencia sistemática contra las mujeres ejercida por agentes de instituciones estatales de seguridad y justicia.
Reparación simbólica, trauma y victimización: la respuesta del Estado chileno a las violaciones de derechos humanos (1973-1990)
Authors: Bustamante Danilo Javiera , Carreño-Calderón Alejandra
Published: May 2020

Pasados más de 30 años desde el fin de la dictadura cívico-militar, pocas investigaciones han abordado el rol que la categoría de víctima ha asumido en las estrategias que el Estado chileno puso en marcha desde 1990 en adelante para abordar las violaciones a derechos humanos acaecidas entre 1973 y 1990. A partir del análisis documental y etnográfico de las políticas de reparación simbólica y de las normativas asociadas con programas de beneficios sociales y sanitarios, este artículo explora la forma en que el Estado chileno ha administrado las violaciones a derechos humanos, la tortura y la desaparición, basándose en dos principios: la narrativa de la victimización y la adopción de una perspectiva individualizada en el abordaje del trauma. A partir de un análisis de material documental y etnográfico, la investigación evidencia cómo este tratamiento ha marcado la agenda pública en materia de derechos humanos permitiendo soslayar, por una parte, la demanda por el esclarecimiento del destino de los cuerpos de los detenidos desaparecidos y, por otra, el reconocimiento del rol que tuvo el Estado en la perpetración de violencia durante la dictadura cívico-militar. Este análisis demuestra que, si bien la utilización de la figura de la víctima ha contribuido a aislar a las personas que sufrieron vejaciones y despolitizar su actuar, es necesario aún problematizar la potencialidad de acción colectiva que posee la victimización y sus posibles diálogos con los movimientos sociales contemporáneos.
MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING THE VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTED URBAN UTOPIA
Authors: ARTEMEVA Tatiana G. , ADONINA Anna V.
Published: May 2020

The article discusses the role of the social context in the evolution of implemented urban development utopia. The ontological and morphostructural problems of one of the implemented urban development utopias on the example of the city of Togliatti are revealed. It was established that the general plan of the Avtozavodsky district of Tolyatti, which fully met the ideals of the Athenian Charter, came into conflict with the idea of the city as a concentrated environment. It is noted that modern Togliatti is in search of a solution to the problem of the integrity of the urban structure. The conclusion is drawn: overcoming the crisis state of Togliatti lies in the field of generating, including new utopias; integration of existing morphostructures; reinforcing redundant conceptuality of form with contextual content. A new morphological unit is proposed - this is macro frame, which is based on multilevel integration of traffic and pedestrian flows.
IDENTITY PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL FOOD MARKETS
Authors: GEORGIEVSKAYA Alina O.
Published: May 2020

The aim of the work is to identify problems of identity of regional food markets. As the process of globalization intensifies, the search for regional identity in urban space becomes more and more relevant. As such, the urban market is seen as a place where local characteristics, culture, history, and patt erns are manifested in the context of the urban environment. Why the market is a space of local identity manifestation, what is the local context for the urban market, what are the features and problems of the identity of urban markets on the example of Samara, what are the possible ways to solve these problems-these and other questions are considered by the author in the article.
Ülseratif kolit hastalarında nötrofil lenfosit oranı ve platelet lenfosit oranı, klinik ve endoskopik aktivite indeksleri ile ilişkili mi?
Authors: YALAKİ Serkan , YALÇIN Mehmet Suat , PULAT Hüseyin , İLHAN Aysu
Published: May 2020

Amaç:
Ülseratif
kolitin (ÜK) hastalık aktivitesine ve ciddiyetine göre sınıflandırılması klinik
uygulamada önemlidir, çünkü hastanın yönetimini belirler. Bu çalışmada,
nötrofil lenfosit oranları (NLR) ve platelet lenfosit oranlarının (PLR), ÜK
hastalarında klinik aktivite indeksinin (KAİ) yanı sıra mukozal hastalığa göre
hastalık şiddetini belirleyen endoskopik aktivite indeksleri (EAİ) ile olan
ilişkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.Materyal
ve Metot: Çalışma retrospektif tek merkezli çalışma olarak
planlandı. Yeni tanı almış 99 ÜK’li hastadan KAİ’lerine ve EAİ’lerine göre
aktif hastalık ve remisyon grupları oluşturuldu. Kontrol grubu 56 sağlıklı
bireyden oluşturuldu.Bulgular:
Klinik
aktif
hastaların serum NLR’ı ve PLR’ı, inaktif ÜK ve kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı
derecede yüksekti (p<0,01). NLR ve PLR için kesme değerleri sırasıyla 2,10
(%90 sensitivite, %45 spesifite) ve 152,13 (%70 sensitivite, %33 spesifite)
olarak saptandı. Endoskopik aktif hastaların serum NLR’ı ve PLR’ı, inaktif ÜK
ve kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0,01). NLR ve PLR için
kesme değerleri sırasıyla 2,09 (%97 sensitivite, %39 spesifite) ve 151,72 (%73
sensitivite, %31 spesifite) olarak saptandı.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız
aktif ÜK hastalarında NLR ve PLR seviyelerinin anlamlı şekilde arttığını ve
bunun klinik, endoskopik ve laboratuvar endeksleri ile korele olduğunu
göstermiştir. Bu inflamatuar belirteçler tek başına ya da birlikte hastalık
aktivitesini tahmin edebilir.
Does Social Franchising Private Health Facilities Shift Consumers Budget Line? An Econometric Analysis of the Average Treatment Effect within Private Health Facilities in Embu County, Kenya
Authors: Nyag Stephen , Okeri Susan ,   Department of Econometrics and Statistics, School of Economics, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.,   Department of Econometrics and Statistics, School of Economics, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Published: May 2020

The Kenyan private health sector is one of the most developed in Sub-Saharan Africa and is highly critical in healthcare delivery. It is estimated 47 percent of the first quintile of income earners utilize the private facility for healthcare needs and 33 percent of women seek family planning (FP) services in this sector. However, the cost of healthcare services has been a great impediment to service utilization. To improve service quality and increase access, social franchising, interventions on the demand side such as the use of insurance and vouchers, and supply of subsidized medical products on the supply side are intended to reduce the cost of services. This study sought to investigate the impact of interventions of social franchisors on the cost of healthcare in private facilities in Kenya. The study used primary data collected from 215 individuals living within catchment areas with private health facilities using researcher-administered questionnaire. The main franchisors included in this study were Sustainable Health Foundation (CFW) and Population Services Kenya (Tunza). Results revealed that women whose primary motivation to visit private facilities included FP services, need of a lower cost of treatments, and quality services had higher odds of choosing franchised health facilities. Propensity score matching (PSM) using three matching criteria—nearest neighbor, kernel matching, and radius matching of 0.01—indicated that individuals seeking children’s health services and 3-month FP methods paid similar amounts in either franchised or nonfranchised health facilities. However, there was a huge cost variance for long-term FP methods where women paid significantly less, implying that social franchisors’ main impact is on long-term FP methods. The cost variance was due to vouchers utilized by some respondents hence, incurring zero cost in franchised facilities. Therefore, the study recommends the expansion of social franchising membership and the use of the voucher system for financially incapable consumers.
Leadership Effects on CSR Employee, Media, Customer, and NGOs
Authors: Ali Solin HK , Khan Noor-us-Sabbah , Yildiz Yunus ,   Business and Management Department, Tshik International University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,   Business and Management Department, Tshik International University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,   Business and Management Department, Tshik International University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Published: May 2020

This study aims to examine and compare the effects of ethical leadership (EL) and transformational leadership (TL) separately on different dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) including (i) CSR to media (M), (ii) CSR to employee (E), (iii) CSR to customer (C), and (iv) CSR to NGOs (N). Convenience sampling methodology was used to collect the data through two survey questionnaires. In total, 266 responses of employees and managers were received: 87 responses were collected from the customers of top companies in Sulaymaniyah, that is, Carrefour, Qaiwan, Asiacell, and Korek. The methodology includes descriptive statistics, regression analysis, correlations, and covariance. This study provides a unique insight into the relationship between CSR and different types of leadership styles (EL and TL). The study finds out that both EL and TL have positive relationships with the variables M, E, C, and N. Leadership style, which leads an organization to better CSR in all of the above-mentioned dimensions, has been identified in this study.
Ciência, Evolução e Movimento da Inovação Organizacional: Uma Estrutura Conceitual para Diagnóstico
Authors: Rauta Jamir
Published: May 2020

Competitividade e maior performance podem resultar do investimento em inovação organizacional, mesmo que ainda seja subjetiva em sua compreensão e finalidade. O referido estudo tem por objetivo apresentar um framework conceitual que demonstre a dinâmica e movimento da inovação organizacional e chancele um modelo de diagnóstico da prática deste tipo de inovação. Apurou-se que houve um progresso no entendimento da temática, surgindo “abordagens e ferramentas” que podem ser caracterizadas como inovação organizacional. Bem como, uma série de ganhos, a partir do uso desta inovação, foram constatados, entre eles, o aumento da eficiência operacional, estimulo à cultura de inovação, reestruturação da gestão e procedimentos, e ampliação da satisfação dos colaboradores e demais Stakeholders. Mediante a isso, o framework proposto apresenta uma transformação, onde o aprendizado e conhecimento acobertam o desenvolvimento operacional, humano e das relações externas, e orienta a empresa a identificar e aproveitar oportunidades internas e do macroambiente. Assim, o modelo concentra e transmite a importância da melhoria contínua; a efetiva participação dos colaboradores nos processos de inovação; cooperação da empresa na sua cadeia de valor; capacidade para criar e aproveitar novos negócios e; habilidade de implementar e usufruir dos diversos tipos de inovação.
Attribution and Verification Quality Problems Encountered in Publishing of Some Manuscript Tafsīrs: A Review of Some Tafsīr Books
Authors: Özmen Ferihan
Published: May 2020

The verification (edition critique) and publications of manuscript copies may include issues such as that a work is published with an attribution to someone other than the actual author. For instance, ‘Abd al-Raz āzq al-Qashānī’s al-Tafsīr was published with the name Tafsīr Ibn ʻArabī with an attribution to Ibn ʻArabī. Likewise, Niʻmat Allāh al-Nakhjawānī's Fawātiḥ al-ilāhiyah was published as Tafsīr al-Jīlānī with an attribution to ʻAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī. It turns out that the work published with the name al-Tafsīr al-kabīr by Abū al-Qāsim al-Ṭabarānī is actually a tafsīr by Abū Bakr al-Ḥaddād. The manuscript copy of al-Sakhāwī’s tafsīr named Tafsīr al-Qurʼān al-ʻAzīm is found in al-Khizānah al-Taymūrīyah. This book is published as two volumes with attribution to ʻAlam al-Dīn ʻAlam al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī. However, a researcher, who has examined this copy, states that attribution of the work to al-Sakhāwī is incorrect. One of the works with similar mistakes is the tafsīr named ʻAyn al-ḥayāh attributed to Najm al-Dīn al-Kubrá. ʻAyn al-ḥayāh is actually the work titled Baḥr al-ḥaqāʼiq. Baḥr al-ḥaqāʼiq is an Arabic ishārī Qur’ān tafsīr started by Najm al-Dīn al-Dāyah, who is the follower/student of al-Dīn al-Kubrá, and completed by ʻAlāʼ al-Dawla al-Simnānī. al-Dhahabī’s work titled Maʻrifat al-qurrāʼ has three different publications. The first publication is criticized on the grounds that manuscript publication is not made in accordance with the rules. While the first publication of the work contains 721 biographies, and the second one contains 734 biographies, this figure reaches 1241 in the third publication by Tayyar Altıkulaç. This example indicates that, if a mistake is made while determining the copy to be taken as a basis for verification of manuscripts with more than one copies, then it is possible to have other consequent mistakes. In this article, several tafsīr manuscripts will be examined and evaluated in term of the belongingness to the author and verification quality problems.
An Upcoming Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Ethnopharmacological Potential of Plant Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Martins Natália , Heleno Sandrina A. , Ferreira Isabel C.F.R.
Published: May 2020

Background::

Neurodegenerative disorders have achieved epidemic levels in the
last decades; not only the elderly but also adult individuals have been increasingly affected.
Among them, Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most prevalent and crippling diseases, associated
with high rates of multi-morbidities and dependency. Despite the existence of a wide variety
of drugs used as the symptomatic treatment, they have some side effects and toxicity,
apart from their limited effectiveness. Botanical preparations have a secular use, being widely
recommended for a multitude of purposes, such as for the improvement of brain health.

Objective:

The aim of the present report is to systematize the knowledge on plant-food derived
bioactive molecules with promising in vitro enzymatic inhibitory activities.

Results:

Alkaloids, phenolic compounds and terpenes are the most studied phytochemicals,
both derived from natural and commercial sources. In spite of their efficient activity as enzymatic
inhibitors, the number of in vivo studies and even clinical trials have confirmed that
their real bioactive potential remains scarce.

Conclusions:

Thus, it is of the utmost importance to deepen knowledge in this area, once those
relevant and informative tools can significantly contribute to the promising advances in the
field of Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Computational Approaches for the Design of (Mutant-)Selective Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects
Authors: Kharkar Prashant S.
Published: May 2020

:

Kinases remain one of the major attractive therapeutic targets for a large number of indications such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiac failure and many others. Design and development of kinase inhibitors (ATP-competitive, allosteric or covalent) is a clinically validated and successful strategy in the pharmaceutical industry. The perks come with limitations, particularly the development of resistance to highly potent and selective inhibitors. When this happens, the cycle needs to be repeated, i.e., the design and development of kinase inhibitors active against the mutated forms. The complexity of tumor milieu makes it awfully difficult for these molecularly-targeted therapies to work. Every year newer and better versions of these agents are introduced in the clinic. Several computational approaches such as structure-, ligand-based or hybrid ones continue to live up to their potential in discovering novel kinase inhibitors. New schools of thought in this area continue to emerge, e.g., development of dual-target kinase inhibitors. But there are fundamental issues with this approach. It is indeed difficult to selectively optimize binding at two entirely different or related kinases. In addition to the conventional strategies, modern technologies (machine learning, deep learning, artificial intelligence, etc.) started yielding the results and building success stories. Computational tools invariably played a critical role in catalysing the phenomenal progress in kinase drug discovery field. The present review summarized the progress in utilizing computational methods and tools for discovering (mutant-)selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs in the last three years (2017-2019). Representative investigations have been discussed, while others are merely listed. The author believes that the enthusiastic reader will be inspired to dig out the cited literature extensively to appreciate the progress made so far and the future prospects of the field.
Synthesis of Some Benzimidazole-derived Molecules and their Effects on PARP-1 Activity and MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cell Viability
Authors: Gurkan-Alp A. Selen , Alp Mehmet , Karabay Arzu Z. , Koc Asli , Buyukbingol Erdem
Published: May 2020

Background:

Poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are compounds that are used to treat cancers, which are defective in DNA-repair and DNA Damage-Response (DDR) pathways.

Objective:

In this study, a series of potential PARP-1 inhibitor substituted (piperazine-1-carbonyl)phenyl)-1Hbenzo[ d]imidazole-4-carboxamide compounds were synthesised and tested for their PARP-1 inhibitory and anticancer activities.

Methods:

Compounds were tested by cell-free colorimetric PARP-1 activity and MTT assay in MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 breast cancer, and L929 fibroblast cell lines.

Results:

Our results showed that compound 6a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells whereas 8a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-468 cells. Compound 6b significantly inhibited cell viability in tested cancer cells. However, 6b exhibited toxicity in L929 cells, whereas 6a and 8a were found to be non-toxic for L929 cells. Compounds 6a, 6b and 8a exhibited significant inhibition of PARP-1 activity.

Conclusion:

These three compounds exhibited PARP-1 inhibitory activities and anticancer effects on breast cancer cells, and further research will enlighten the underlying mechanisms of their effects.
A governamentalidade de Foucault em tempos de democracia participativa
Authors: Garcia Ana Emília Bressan , Silveira Daniel Barile da
Published: May 2020

No presente estudo se analisou a respeito das formas de se exercer o governo, a partir do texto “governamentalidade”, escrito por Foucault, bem como mecanismos que tenham por escopo o exercício do poder na atualidade, em especial em democracias, pois a forma como se organiza um Estado na atualidade é bem diferente de como se realizava no passado, em especial se for comparado regimes absolutistas, presentes principalmente na Europa até o século XVIII e os regimes trazidos pelo século XX, principalmente após o período das Grandes Guerras. Sistemas democráticos com incentivo à participação massiva da população demandam a criação de Estados que valorizam a liberdade, bem como a escolha das pessoas, além de sua opinião. Os indivíduos estão diante da chance de não apenas opinar, mas também participar ativamente da administração do local em que vivem, sendo que os dispositivos constitucionais atuais preveem diversos direitos e responsabilidades, tanto para o indivíduo, coletividade e para o próprio ente estatal. As democracias presentem em muitos países na atualidade tentam efetivar não apenas direitos de igualdade e liberdade, mas também direitos econômicos, a fim de que a coletividade tenha acesso, não apenas da política, mas possa gozar de qualidade de vida e dignidade como um todo, zelando para uma comunidade mais justa e igualitária. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizado o método indutivo, a partir de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica.
Treatment of Left Ventricular Circulation Disorder: Application of Echocardiography Information Data Monitoring
Authors: Chen Yulong , Du Jianxia , Sun Xiao , Li Qiancheng , Qin Ming , Xiao Qian , Bryan Mark
Published: May 2020

Background

Cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload is one of the important causes of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. At present, there are few studies on the outcome of left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular function after complete pressure load removal.

Objective

This study aims to better simulate the changes of left ventricular structure and function during the process of left ventricular pressure overload and deloading, and to explore the application of echocardiography in it.

Methods

In this study, healthy male (BALB/C) mice were used as research objects to establish an ascending aorta constriction model, to carry out echocardiographic and hemodynamic examinations, to establish an ascending aorta deconstriction model in mice, and to carry out echocardiographic and hemodynamic examinations.

Results

Compared with the sham operation group, the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), interventricular septal (IVS), and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) in the constriction operation group were significantly increased (P=.02, P=.02, P=.02, and P=.02, respectively). LVESD, LVEDD, IVS, and LVPW in the early and late constriction groups were significantly decreased, and the degree of decrease in the early group was greater than that in the late group; compared with the sham operation group, left ventricular diastolic pressure in the constriction operation group increased significantly at 9 and 15 weeks after operation (P=.03). Left ventricular systolic pressure at 15 weeks after operation decreased to a certain extent but was higher than that of the sham operation group (P=.02). The maximal rate of the increase of left ventricular pressure at 3 weeks, 9 weeks, and 15 weeks after operation decreased significantly (P=.03, P=.02, and P=.02, respectively).

Conclusions

In this study, the ascending aorta coarctation model and descending aorta coarctation model were successfully established, which verifies the value of echocardiography information data monitoring in the treatment of left ventricular circulation disorders and the evaluation of surgical treatment.
Изменения вариабельности сердечного ритма под влиянием сахароснижающей терапии у больных сахарным диабетом 2-го типа
Authors: Pertseva N.O. , Moshenets K.I.
Published: May 2020

Актуальность. Сахарный диабет (СД) признан Всемирной организацией здравоохранения неинфекционной эпидемией XXI века. Сердечно-сосудистая патология является основной причиной смерти этих пациентов. Цель исследования: изучить показатели вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР) у больных СД 2-го типа в зависимости от степени компенсации, а также их динамику после коррекции сахароснижающей терапии. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 53 пациента с СД 2-го типа и 10 практически здоровых людей контрольной группы. Лабораторное исследование включало определение С-пептида, гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c), креатинина крови и микроальбумина в утренней порции мочи. Всем обследуемым проводилось длительное мониторирование гликемии параллельно с электрокардио­графией по Холтеру в течение 24 часов. Пациенты были разделены на две группы по уровню НbА1с: группа 1 (n = 23) с НbА1с ≤ 7 % и группа 2 (n = 30) с НbА1с > 7 %. Группы были разделены на подгруппы по отсутствию (а) или наличию (б) гипогликемии. Через 6 месяцев после модификации сахароснижающей терапии проводилось повторное обследование пациентов в том же объеме. Результаты. Группы и подгруппы больных СД 2-го типа существенно не отличались между собой по показателям ВСР (p > 0,05) и имели достоверное снижение показателей SDNN сутки, pNN50% сутки, VLF сутки, высокочастотный спектр (HF) ВРС сутки в сравнении с контрольной группой (р < 0,05). Суточные показатели общей мощности спектра (TP) существенно не отличались от контроля только в 1а подгруппе (р > 0,05). Значения низкочастотного спектра (LF) ВРС сутки были достоверно ниже по сравнению с контролем только при анализе всей основной группы больных СД 2-го типа. Показатель LF/HF сутки был достоверно выше контроля во всех подгруппах обеих групп (р < 0,05). Выводы. Пациенты с СД 2-го типа имели достоверно более низкие показатели ВСР, которые преимущественно касались SDNN, TP и VLF, HF и LF/HF. Через 6 месяцев после модификации сахароснижающей терапии получено достоверное увеличение практически всех показателей ВСР, кроме LF. Наибольшая динамика касалась повышения показателей pNN50% сутки (+50 %), pNN50% день (+50 %), RMSSD день (+43,5 %), RMSSD сутки (+28,6 %), HF (+133,1 % — сутки, +172,2 % — день, +57,5 % — ночь) и снижение отношения LF/HF (–42,9 % — сутки, –46,2 % — день, –32,7 % — ночь) (p < 0,05). Полученные результаты наглядно демонстрируют восстановление вагосимпатического баланса сердечно-сосудистой системы под влиянием компенсации углеводного обмена.
A Coming of Age in the Anthropological Study of Anime?
Authors: Mihara Ryotaro
Published: May 2020

This article highlights how Anglophone anthropological studies of Japanese animation (anime) have overlooked its businesspeople (such as producers, investors, merchandisers, and entrepreneurs) by formulaically advocating anime creators and fans as crusaders subverting the global dominance of Euro–American global entertainment capitalism. Contextualising such orientation as an example of what Gayatri Spivak calls “strategic essentialism”, the article further explores how to break out of this essentialist impasse of analysis in the anthropological approach to anime. The article suggests that a potential exit might exist through envisioning the business anthropology of anime, i.e. by casting an ethnographic focus on anime’s businesspeople as the legitimate interlocutors for anthropological inquiries into anime. The author further explores the preliminary theoretical implications of this analytical turn through his own business ethnography of an international start-up venture of anime merchandising.
A Reconsideration of Middle Eastern Islamic Bank Practices in Malaysia
Authors: Hideki Kitamura
Published: May 2020

Middle Eastern Islamic banks’ contributions to product development in Malaysia have been frequently highlighted; nonetheless, there has been a research gap on the adaptation of foreign Islamic banks to the Malaysian market. This study examines this aspect through a case study of the practices of Kuwait Finance House Malaysia Berhad (KFHMB) among these foreign banks. The results of this exploration highlight the impact of Malaysian business customs and culture on KFHMB’s banking product selection, especially on the retail banking side. The findings herein imply that regional differences in products between Malaysia and the Middle East derive from differences in market environments rather than from mere differences in Islamic jurisprudence, as previous studies claim. Ultimately, this study asserts the value of an ethnographic approach to studying Islamic banks’ adaptation to foreign markets, especially considering the KFHMB’s dilemma of facing religious ideals versus market realities.
Heat Transfer Augmentation
Authors: Asianuaba Ifeoma B.
Published: May 2020

This article presents a brief review of various methodologies applied for heat transfer enhancement in laminar flow convection regime. Experimental setup for laminar flow convection heat transfer enhancement using insertions has been explained along with the associated results. Nusselt’s number is found to be a key parameter for investigatigation in order to perceive the enhancement in heat transfer. Similarly, the magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection heat transfer enhancement technique has also been explored. The results of isotherms and fluid flow parameters are discussed which directly affect the heat transfer coefficient. This review article complements the literature in related field and thus will be helpful in order to carry out further experiments in heat transfer enhancement in future.
Solar-Energy Innovative and Sustainable Solution for Freshwater and Food Production for Lake Titicaca Islands
Authors: Bashitialshaaer Raed
Published: May 2020

Drought and scarcity of water resources require innovative and sustainable solutions to secure water availability for poor people. Choice of solar energy for desalination is a promising and sustainable cost-effective alternative for improving high quality water supply. Today, almost all Latin American countries use different desalination technologies except for Bolivia. Bolivia has an arid to semiarid climate and suffers from salinity problems especially the Altiplano area. Thus, there is a need to introduce innovative solution using latest technologies such solar desalination at locations with scarcity of freshwater. This study suggests implementing a small desalination plant of about 10 m3/day as a demonstration plant and then successively extending the capacity. As well, it is suggested to build a solar energy system with bigger capacity to cater not only for the desalination plant, but also the excess energy to be benefit for homes, roads lighting, and other important purposes for the local community to improve life standard of the people.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Melalui Edukasi Tentang Penggunaan Antibiotik Bijak dan Rasional
Authors: Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul , Utami Esti Dyah , Maharani Laksmi , Mustikaningtias Ika
Published: May 2020

Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat terjadi karena minimalnya informasi dari tenaga kesehatan. Permasalahan tersebut dapat mendorong terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik pada manusia. Kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat di Desa Sambeng Wetan mengenai penggunaan antibiotik yang rasional masih kurang. Pemberdayaan masyarakat terutama terhadap kader kesehatan perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang penggunaan antibiotik. Metode edukasi yang dilaksanakan yaitu dengan metode modul, ceramah dan diskusi. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden sebelum dan sesudah edukasi untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan peserta. Kuesioner berisi pertanyaan tertutup terkait pengetahuan penggunaan antibiotik. Data dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan. Berdasarkan karakteristik peserta, sebagian besar peserta adalah usia dewasa awal (83,87%). Pendidikan responden sebagian besar adalah tamat SMA (38,71%) dan berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga (90,32%). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai pengetahuan kader meningkat 0,97 poin setelah dilakukan edukasi. Persentase peningkatan nilai pengetahuan kader sebesar 13,8% dari rata-rata nilai pengetahuan awal. Edukasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan. Kegiatan edukasi dengan metode modul, ceramah dan diskusi mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dari kader kesehatan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat terutama kader kesehatan secara berkelanjutan sebagai salah satu langkah kongkrit untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat dan mengendalikan resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN DEODORAN DALAM BENTUK KRIM MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI ALUMINIUM SULFAT DAN MINYAK KAYU CENDANA
Authors: Timur Willi Wahyu , Latifah Fadzil
Published: May 2020

Aluminium sulfat dapat digunakan untuk penyumbatan saluran keringat dengan cara membentuk endapan protein keringat, membentuk endapan keratin epidermis, membentuk infiltrat dinding saluran keringat. Sediaan deodoran perlu dikembangkan karena bau badan menimbulkan masalah yang berefek fatal terhadap penampilan dan pergaulan seseorang. Penelitian deodoran krim dibuat dari kombinasi aluminium sulfat dan minyak atsiri kayu cendana (MAKC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sifat fisik, uji iritasi dan kenyamanan dari sediaan krim Kombinasi Aluminium Sulfat dan MAKC. Penelitian ini diawali dengan formulasi krim dibuat dari kombinasi aluminium sulfat dan MAKC dengan konsentrasi 4%. Krim dievaluasi sifat fisik dengan parameter daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas dan pH. Selain itu juga di evaluasi daya iritasi terhadap kulit menggunakan hewan uji kelinci albino serta kenyamanan penggunaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan statistik dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik dari respon (pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas). Hasil pH memiliki nilai p < 0,05. Hasil daya lekat memiliki nilai p< 0,05 Hasil daya sebar memiliki nilai p< 0,05 Hasil nilai viskositas p> 0,05. Krim dengan kombinasi bahan tersebut tidak mengiritasi pada kulit kelinci. Hasil aseptabilitas diperoleh sediaan yang nyaman digunakan.
Profil Indeks Pengembangan Ikatan-Silang Gelatin-Kitosan
Authors: Hamzah Nursalam , Fadhlurrahman Muhammad , Ningsi Surya , Haeria Haeria
Published: May 2020

Gelatin ikan menjadi sumber alternatif gelatin halal, tetapi memiliki sifat mekanik dan kekuatan gel yang rendah. Ikat silang telah banyak digunakan pada modifikasi material, termasuk untuk membentuk kompleks gelatin-kitosan. Ikat silang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan sifat mekanik dan kekuatan gel. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengamati karakteristik indeks pengembangan kompleks gelatin-kitosan yang diikat silang menggunakan glutaraldehid dan sukrosa teroksidasi dengan variasi konsentrasi. Penelitian dimulai dengan ekstraksi gelatin dari sisik ikan Bandeng menggunakan metode basa-asam. Gelatin sisik ikan Bandeng dan gelatin komersil kemudian digunakan sebagai sampel. Larutan gelatin, kitosan dan pengikat silang dicampurkan dan diinkubasi pada suhu 40oC selama selama 24 jam. Campuran kemudian dikeringkan pemanasan suhu 70oC sampai sampel kering. Sampel kemudian diuji indeks pengembangan dengan direndam dalam air selama 12 jam, volume pengembangan diamati tiap jam. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kompleks gelatin-kitosan dapat diikat metode ikat silang dengan glutaraldehid dan sukrosa teroksidasi yang ditunjukkan dengan perubahan nilai indeks pengembangan. Sukrosa teroksidasi dengan perbandingan sukrosa dan natrium periodat 1:3 menunjukkan nilai indeks pengembangan paling baik.
Interpersonal Skills and Powerpoint Training to Improve Presentation Skills Among the First-Year Student at Islamic University
Authors: Al Baqi Safiruddin , Wathoni Kharisul
Published: May 2020

Presentation is an essential ability for every college student, including a student at Islamic University, because many agendas require this ability both in class and organization. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of interpersonal skills training and PowerPoint training to improve the presentation skills of first-year students. This study used an experimental design that is one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 24 first-year students (6 male; 18 female). The students were divided into seven groups consisting of 3 to 4 students. The training was carried out in 4 sessions, namely listening skills, public speaking, use of power points, and practice of preparing presentations. Pre-test and post-test data were taken before and after training by assessing the presentation skills of each group. Pre-test and post-test data show an increase in the average from 65.43 to 86.29. Further analysis using paired sample t-tests showed a significance value of 0.00 (<0.05), so it can be concluded that there were differences in students' abilities in presentation between before and after training. These results will be more representative of the research used a broader population, so it is recommended to further researchers to reach a broader community to achieve more representative results.Presentasi merupakan kemampuan penting yang harus dimiliki setiap mahasiswa termasuk mahasiswa di kampus Islam, karena banyak agenda yang menuntut akemampuan ini baik dikelas maupun organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pelatihan interpersonal skills dan pelatihan penggunaan power point untuk meningkatkan keterampilan presentasi mahasiswa baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen yaitu one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan mahasiswa tahun pertama yang berjumlah 24 orang (6 laki-laki; 18 perempuan). Mahasiswa tersebut kemudian dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok yang terdiri dari 3 hingga 4 orang. Pelatihan dilakukan dalam 4 sesi yaitu tentang keterampilan menyimak, keterampilan public speaking, penggunaan power point, dan praktik menyiapkan presentasi. Data pre-test dan post-test diambil sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan pelatihan dengan meniai keamampuan presentasi masing-masing kelompok berdasarkan kemampuan public speaking dan penggunaan power point. Data pre-test dan post-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata dari 65.43 menjadi 86.29. Analisis lebih lanjut menggunakan paired sample t-test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.00 (<0.05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam presentasi antara sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hasil ini akan lebih representatif jika penelitian dilakukan kapada populasi yang lebih luas, sehingga disarankan kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk menjangkau populasi yang lebih luas untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih representatif
Ascensão e declínio da curadoria pedagógica
Authors: Honorato Cayo
Published: May 2020

O artigo pretende discutir a trajetória da curadoria pedagógica em duas das principais exposições de arte no Brasil, buscando assim contribuir com a história dessas exposições no país. Nesse percurso, discute-se algumas das condições de emergência dessa atividade, assim como o que ela teria produzido. Também se especula sobre as consequências de sua diluição ou mesmo extinção. Partindo de comentários de Gabriel Pérez-Barreiro, curador da 6a Bienal do Mercosul em 2007 e da 33a Bienal de São Paulo em 2018, dos quais retira tanto um índice de questões quanto algumas categorias de análise, o artigo adota uma forma ensaística na qual as histórias dessas duas exposições se cruzam de maneira talvez inesperada. O resultado é uma reflexão sobre as questões abertas para a mediação (ou educação) em exposições de arte nessa década (de 2007 a 2017), a partir de sua “promoção” a curadoria. A conclusão é que, se a curadoria pedagógica foi extinta, talvez não seja o caso revivê-la.
Aleijadinho por Murilo Mendes
Authors: Pifano Raquel Quinet
Published: May 2020

Este artigo visa examinar a imagem de Aleijadinho apresentada no livro Contemplação de Ouro Preto de Murilo Mendes. Visa comparar a descrição de Aleijadinho de Murilo com as dos intelectuais modernistas, incluindo a de Manuel Bandeira em Guia de Ouro Preto. Busca apurar seu conceito de artista e as relações entre nacional e universal na arte.