bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Efficiency and Uncertainty in Quantile Estimation of Loss Severity Distributions
Authors: Brazauskas Vytaras , Upretee Sahadeb
Published: May 2019

Quantiles of probability distributions play a central role in the definition of risk measures (e.g., value-at-risk, conditional tail expectation) which in turn are used to capture the riskiness of the distribution tail. Estimates of risk measures are needed in many practical situations such as in pricing of extreme events, developing reserve estimates, designing risk transfer strategies, and allocating capital. In this paper, we present the empirical nonparametric and two types of parametric estimators of quantiles at various levels. For parametric estimation, we employ the maximum likelihood and percentile-matching approaches. Asymptotic distributions of all the estimators under consideration are derived when data are left-truncated and right-censored, which is a typical loss variable modification in insurance. Then, we construct relative efficiency curves (REC) for all the parametric estimators. Specific examples of such curves are provided for exponential and single-parameter Pareto distributions for a few data truncation and censoring cases. Additionally, using simulated data we examine how wrong quantile estimates can be when one makes incorrect modeling assumptions. The numerical analysis is also supplemented with standard model diagnostics and validation (e.g., quantile-quantile plots, goodness-of-fit tests, information criteria) and presents an example of when those methods can mislead the decision maker. These findings pave the way for further work on RECs with potential for them being developed into an effective diagnostic tool in this context.
Context Aggregation Network for Semantic Labeling in Aerial Images
Authors: Cheng Wensheng , Yang Wen , Wang Min , Wang Gang , Chen Jinyong
Published: May 2019

Semantic labeling for high resolution aerial images is a fundamental and necessary task in remote sensing image analysis. It is widely used in land-use surveys, change detection, and environmental protection. Recent researches reveal the superiority of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in this task. However, multi-scale object recognition and accurate object localization are two major problems for semantic labeling methods based on CNNs in high resolution aerial images. To handle these problems, we design a Context Fuse Module, which is composed of parallel convolutional layers with kernels of different sizes and a global pooling branch, to aggregate context information at multiple scales. We propose an Attention Mix Module, which utilizes a channel-wise attention mechanism to combine multi-level features for higher localization accuracy. We further employ a Residual Convolutional Module to refine features in all feature levels. Based on these modules, we construct a new end-to-end network for semantic labeling in aerial images. We evaluate the proposed network on the ISPRS Vaihingen and Potsdam datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our network outperforms other competitors on both datasets with only raw image data.
Optical and SAR Remote Sensing Synergism for Mapping Vegetation Types in the Endangered Cerrado/Amazon Ecotone of Nova Mutum—Mato Grosso
Authors: de Souza Mendes Flávia , Baron Daniel , Gerold Gerhard , Liesenberg Veraldo , Erasmi Stefan
Published: May 2019

Mapping vegetation types through remote sensing images has proved to be effective, especially in large biomes, such as the Brazilian Cerrado, which plays an important role in the context of management and conservation at the agricultural frontier of the Amazon. We tested several combinations of optical and radar images to identify the four dominant vegetation types that are prevalent in the Cerrado area (i.e., cerrado denso, cerradão, gallery forest, and secondary forest). We extracted features from both sources of data such as intensity, grey level co-occurrence matrix, coherence, and polarimetric decompositions using Sentinel 2A, Sentinel 1A, ALOS-PALSAR 2 dual/full polarimetric, and TanDEM-X images during the dry and rainy season of 2017. In order to normalize the analysis of these features, we used principal component analysis and subsequently applied the Random Forest algorithm to evaluate the classification of vegetation types. During the dry season, the overall accuracy ranged from 48 to 83%, and during the dry and rainy seasons it ranged from 41 up to 82%. The classification using Sentinel 2A images during the dry season resulted in the highest overall accuracy and kappa values, followed by the classification that used images from all sensors during the dry and rainy season. Optical images during the dry season were sufficient to map the different types of vegetation in our study area.
Water Body Extraction from Very High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Data Based on Fully Convolutional Networks
Authors: Li Liwei , Yan Zhi , Shen Qian , Cheng Gang , Gao Lianru , Zhang Bing
Published: May 2019

This paper studies the use of the Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) model in the extraction of water bodies from Very High spatial Resolution (VHR) optical images in the case of limited training samples. Two different seasonal GaoFen-2 images with a spatial resolution of 0.8 m in the south of the Beijing metropolitan area were used to extensively validate the FCN model. Four key factors including input features, training data, transfer learning, and data augmentation related to the performance of the FCN model were empirically analyzed by using 36 combinations of various parameter settings. Our findings indicate that the FCN-based method can work as a robust and cost-effective tool in the extraction of water bodies from VHR images. The FCN-based method trained on a small amount of labeled L1A data can also significantly outperform the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) based method, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based method, and the Sparsity Model (SM) based method, even when radiometric normalization and spatial contexts are introduced to preprocess the input data for the latter three methods. The advantages of the FCN-based method are mainly due to its capability to exploit spatial contexts in the image, especially in urban areas with mixed water and shadows. Though the settings of four key factors significantly affect the performance of the FCN based method, choosing a qualified setting for the FCN model is not difficult. Our lessons learned from the successful use of the FCN model for the extraction of water from VHR images can be extended to extract other land covers.
Strain Monitoring of a Composite Drag Strut in Aircraft Landing Gear by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors
Authors: Iadicicco Agostino , Natale Daniele , Di Palma Pasquale , Spinaci Francesco , Apicella Antonio , Campopiano Stefania
Published: May 2019

This work reports on the use of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors integrated with innovative composite items of aircraft landing gear for strain/stress monitoring. Recently, the introduction of innovative structures in aeronautical applications is appealing with two main goals: (i) to decrease the weight and cost of current items; and (ii) to increase the mechanical resistance, if possible. However, the introduction of novel structures in the aeronautical field demands experimentation and certification regarding their mechanical resistance. In this work, we successfully investigate the possibility to use Fiber Bragg Grating sensors for the structural health monitoring of innovative composite items for the landing gear. Several FBG strain sensors have been integrated in different locations of the composite item including region with high bending radius. To optimize the localization of the FBG sensors, load condition was studied by Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical analysis. Several experimental tests have been done in range 0–70 kN by means of a hydraulic press. Obtained results are in very good agreement with the numerical ones and demonstrate the great potentialities of FBG sensor technology to be employed for remote and real-time load measurements on aircraft landing gears and to act as early warning systems.
Monitoring Chemical Processes Using Judicious Fusion of Multi-Rate Sensor Data
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Chiang Leo
Published: May 2019

With the emergence of Industry 4.0, also known as the fourth industrial revolution, an increasing number of hardware and software sensors have been implemented in chemical production processes for monitoring key variables related to product quality and process safety. The accuracy of individual sensors can be easily impaired by a variety of factors. To improve process monitoring accuracy and reliability, a sensor fusion scheme based on Bayesian inference is proposed. The proposed method is capable of combining multi-rate sensor data and eliminating the spurious signals. The efficacy of the method has been verified using a process implemented at the Dow Chemical Company. The sensor fusion approach has improved the process monitoring reliability, quantified by the rates of correctly identified impurity alarms, as compared to the case of using an individual sensor.
Performance Comparison of Three Fibre-Based Reflective Optical Sensors for Aero Engine Monitorization
Authors: Fernández-Bello Rubén , Amorebieta Josu , Beloki Josu , Aldabaldetreku Gotzon , García Iker , Zubia Joseba , Durana Gaizka
Published: May 2019

Among the different available optical technologies, fibre bundle-based reflective optical sensors represent an interesting alternative for parameter monitorization in aero engines. Tip clearance is one of the parameters of great concern for engine designers and engineers. In the framework of this optical technology, three fibre-based reflective optical sensors have been compared. Two of them are custom designed and based on the same geometrical fibre arrangement, whereas the third one is commercially available and relies on a different geometrical arrangement of the fibres. Their performance has been compared in clearance measurements carried out during an experimental program followed at a transonic wind tunnel for aero turbines. The custom-designed solution that operates in the most sensitive part of its response curve proved to be by far the most reliable tool for clearance measurements. Its high resolution opens up the possibility to detect small blade features such as cracks, reflectivity changes, etc. that otherwise could not be tracked. These results show that the detection of unexpected features on blade tips may have an important effect on how the clearance is calculated, ultimately giving rise to corrective actions.
EEMIP: Energy-Efficient Communication Using Timing Channels and Prioritization in ZigBee
Authors: Gočal Pavol , Macko Dominik
Published: May 2019

With the expansion of the Internet-of-Things, energy-efficient communication is becoming vital. The communication among energy-limited devices (e.g., powered by batteries or harvesting the energy from their environment) must be energy-efficient, prolonging their lifetime or increasing data throughput. This article aims at proposing energy-efficient periodic communication for devices over the ZigBee protocol and powered by a battery. We propose using timing channels for different data priorities, thus, more important data are sent more frequently. The priority is also considered in case of congested traffic, where a central device (coordinator) prioritizes more important communication. We have implemented a simulator, which serves for verification of the proposed solution, and conducted experiments comparing the proposed EEMIP method with the standard nonbeacon ZigBee communication. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more energy efficient.
Light-In-Flight Imaging by a Silicon Image Sensor: Toward the Theoretical Highest Frame Rate
Authors: Etoh Takeharu , Okinaka Tomoo , Takano Yasuhide , Takehara Kohsei , Nakano Hitoshi , Shimonomura Kazuhiro , Ando Taeko , Ngo Nguyen , Kamakura Yoshinari , Dao Vu , Nguyen Anh , Charbon Edoardo , Zhang Chao , De Moor Piet , Goetschalckx Paul , Haspeslagh Luc
Published: May 2019

Light in flight was captured by a single shot of a newly developed backside-illuminated multi-collection-gate image sensor at a frame interval of 10 ns without high-speed gating devices such as a streak camera or post data processes. This paper reports the achievement and further evolution of the image sensor toward the theoretical temporal resolution limit of 11.1 ps derived by the authors. The theoretical analysis revealed the conditions to minimize the temporal resolution. Simulations show that the image sensor designed following the specified conditions and fabricated by existing technology will achieve a frame interval of 50 ps. The sensor, 200 times faster than our latest sensor will innovate advanced analytical apparatuses using time-of-flight or lifetime measurements, such as imaging TOF-MS, FLIM, pulse neutron tomography, PET, LIDAR, and more, beyond these known applications.
A Novel Approach for Underwater Vehicle Localization and Communication Based on Laser Reflection
Authors: Wu Shijun , Zhou Puzhe , Yang Canjun , Zhu Yushi , Zhi Hui
Published: May 2019

This study presents a device for tracking, locating and communicating underwater vehicles as they work near the seabed. The system includes a base station placed on the seabed and a reflective module mounted on a hybrid underwater profiler (HUP). The base station localizes and communicates with the HUP working near the seabed based on laser reflections of corner cube retroreflectors. A tracking method based on the particle filter algorithm is then presented. Localization is performed using the least-squares method with refraction compensation. Lost tracking links are retrieved via a recovering approach based on the interpolation method. Finally, a communication method using a modulating retroreflector installed on the reflection module is proposed. The proposed tracking, localization, and communication approach provides higher localization accuracy with lower power consumption at low cost compared with the commonly used acoustic methods. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was clarified via tracking, localization, and communication experiments.
Evaluating and Diagnosing Road Intersection Operation Performance Using Floating Car Data
Authors: Chen Deqi , Yan Xuedong , Liu Feng , Liu Xiaobing , Wang Liwei , Zhang Jiechao
Published: May 2019

Urban road intersections play an important role in deciding the total travel time and the overall travel efficiency. In this paper, an innovative traffic grid model has been proposed, which evaluates and diagnoses the traffic status and the time delay at intersections across whole urban road networks. This method is grounded on a massive amount of floating car data sampled at a rate of 3 s, and it is composed of three major parts. (1) A grid model is built to transform intersections into discrete cells, and the floating car data are matched to the grids through a simple assignment process. (2) Based on the grid model, a set of key traffic parameters (e.g., the total time delay of all the directions of the intersection and the average speed of each direction) is derived. (3) Using these parameters, intersections are evaluated and the ones with the longest traffic delays are identified. The obtained intersections are further examined in terms of the traffic flow ratio and the green time ratio as well as the difference between these two variables. Using the central area of Beijing as the case study, the potential and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated and the unreasonable signal timing phases are detected. The developed method can be easily transferred to other cities, making it a useful and practical tool for traffic managers to evaluate and diagnose urban signal intersections as well as to design optimal measures for reducing traffic delay and increase operation efficiency at the intersections.
Inequality and Life Satisfaction in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Role of Opportunity
Authors: García-Muñoz Teresa Maria , Milgram-Baleix Juliette , Odeh-Odeh Omar
Published: May 2019

This study delves into the relationship between income inequality and subjective well-being by gauging the role played by opportunities at the country level. Using data from the World Value Survey, we estimate multilevel models to explain cross-country differences in individuals’ life satisfaction. Opportunity and inequality exert a significant effect per se on life satisfaction, and their joint effect explains the puzzling positive relationship between income inequality and life satisfaction in low- and middle-income countries. Income inequalities reduce the well-being of individuals if opportunities are low, but inequality is not relevant for life satisfaction if opportunities in the country are high. Among the aspects of opportunity that really matter, we show that inclusiveness and access to advanced education play a more major role than political freedom or personal rights. Results apply for different social, income, and education groups.
The Impact of an Outdoor and Adventure Sports Course on the Wellbeing of Recovering UK Military Personnel: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Kaiseler Mariana , Kay Chris , McKenna Jim
Published: May 2019

UK military personnel have faced increased demands over the last three decades; these have affected their wellbeing and caused multiple physical and mental health problems. Currently, bespoke rehabilitation systems may recommend participation in sports programmes. Although research attention has been drawn to the short-term positive effects of these programmes, their long-term impact on psychological wellbeing is unknown. To address this gap, the current study explored the long-term impact of a sports programme on UK military personnel’s ability to make changes in their day-to-day life through the lens of psychological wellbeing. For this purpose, UK military personnel (n = 97) completed an online survey aiming to provide a quantitative and qualitative picture of their experiences of an outdoor and adventure sports programme, underpinned by the basic psychological needs theory, six months following completion. Findings suggest that 75% of respondents found that the course was useful for facilitating adaptive changes. Content analysis suggests that elements of the course seem to satisfy their basic psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy. Activities initiated six months after the course are mostly aligned with improved psychological wellbeing. Useful theoretical and applied implications are discussed.
Multiplicity of Perspectives on Sustainable Food: Moving Beyond Discursive Path Dependency in Food Policy
Authors: de Krom Michiel P.M.M. , Muilwijk Hanneke
Published: May 2019

The idea that a sustainable transformation of the food system is urgently needed is gaining ground throughout Europe. Yet, opinions differ substantially on what a sustainable food future exactly entails, and on how this future may be achieved. This article argues that recognising this multiplicity of opinions and perspectives in policy making is productive because it creates attentiveness to innovative ideas and initiatives, and may contribute to a broad social support base for policy choices. However, food policy makers may overlook the diversity in perspectives by unreflexively adopting understandings of problems and solutions that are historically dominant in their organisations. In this article, we reveal the usefulness of triggering reflection on such discursive path dependencies amongst policy makers. We do so by presenting a three-fold case study that we conducted in the Netherlands. First, we analytically distinguish five perspectives on sustainable food that feature prominently in the Dutch public debate. Subsequently, we show that only two out of these five perspectives predominantly informed a Dutch food policy—despite intentions to devise a more integrated policy approach. Finally, we discuss the findings of two focus groups in which we discussed our analyses with Dutch civil servants who have been involved in drafting the Dutch food policy. These focus groups triggered reflection among the civil servants on their own perspectival biases as well as on discursive path dependencies in Dutch food policy making. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for the understanding of the discursive politics of sustainable agro-food transformations in Europe.
Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan
Authors: Rebecchi Andrea , Buffoli Maddalena , Dettori Marco , Appolloni Letizia , Azara Antonio , Castiglia Paolo , D’Alessandro Daniela , Capolongo Stefano
Published: May 2019

Recent studies in public health have focused on determining the influences of the built environment on the population’s physical and mental health status. In order to promote active transport and physical activity, considered favorable behavior for the prevention non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, it is necessary to reduce the negative effects of the built environment and develop positive ones, such as, for example, a walkable urban space. The aim of the research is to define a city’s walkability assessment framework capable of highlighting points of strength and weakness in its urban environment. All of the aspects that have a direct influence (evidence-based) on fostering the adoption of healthy lifestyles or promoting active transport as a strategy to increase the level of physical activity due to the existence of daily urban travel should be considered. After conducting a literature review aimed at identifying all of the existing assessment tools, 20 research studies were examined in detail. The new evaluation method arises from the comparison and critical selection of the various qualitative–quantitative indicators found, integrated into a multi-criteria analysis structure of dual-scale survey, with reference to walkability and paying attention to those indicators that have implications on health promotion. The new assessment framework, named Milano Walkability Measurement (MWM), is applicable in different urban contexts and was tested in two different areas of Milan. The Macro dimension (i.e., Density, Diversity, and Design criteria) refers to the urban scale and examines the city from a top view. It describes quantitatively the overall urban factors (urban area size equal to 1.5 Km2; typology of data: archival). The Micro dimension (i.e., Usefulness, Safeness, Comfort, and Aesthetics criteria) investigates the city at the street scale level. It describes qualitatively features of the outdoor spaces (road length of about 500/700 mt; typology of data: observational). Finally, the framework was weighted by comparison with a panel of experts. The expected results were reflected in the design recommendations based on the collected qualitative-quantitative data. The developed assessment method brings innovative criteria such as the multi-scaling assessment phase (Macro and Micro) and the ability to take into consideration aspects that according to the literature have relationships with health promotion linked to the improvement of a healthy lifestyle, related to daily active transportation choices. The design recommendations are useful both to policy-makers, to make evidence-based specific choices, and to designers, to understand what aspects of the urban environment must be improved or implemented in order to promote a walkable city.
Exploring the Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Land Carrying Capacity in Wuhan
Authors: Yang Nana , Li Jiansong , Lu Binbin , Luo Minghai , Li Linze
Published: May 2019

Land carrying capacity is an important factor for urban sustainable development. It provides essential insights into land resource allocation and management. In this article, we propose a framework to evaluate land carrying capacity with multiple data sources from the first geographical census and socioeconomic statistics. In particular, an index, Land Resource Pressure (LRP), is proposed to evaluate the land carrying capacity, and a case study was carried out in Wuhan. The LRP of Wuhan was calculated on 250 m * 250 m grids, and showed a circularly declining pattern from central to outer areas. We collected its influencing factors in terms of nature resources, economy, transportation and urban construction, and then analyzed its causes via geographically weighted (GW) models. Firstly, pair-wise correlations between LRP and each influencing factor were explored via the GW correlation coefficients. These local estimates provide an important precursor for the following quantitative analysis via the GW regression (GWR) technique. The GWR coefficient estimates interpret the influences on LRP in a localized view. Results show that per capita gross domestic product (PerGDP) showed a higher absolute estimate among all factors, which proves that PerGDP has a relieving effect on LRP, especially in the southwestern areas. Overall, this study provides a technical framework to evaluate land carrying capacity with multi-source data sets and explore its localized influences via GW models, which could provide practical guidance for similar studies in other cities.
Comparative Analysis of Perennial and Annual Phaseolus Seed Nutrient Concentrations
Authors: Schier Heather E. , Eliot Kathrin A. , Herron Sterling A. , Landfried Lauren K. , Migicovsky Zoë , Rubin Matthew J. , Miller Allison J.
Published: May 2019

Long-term agricultural sustainability is dependent in part on our capacity to provide productive, nutritious crops that minimize the negative impacts of agriculture on the landscape. Perennial grains within an agroforestry context offers one solution: These plants produce large root systems that reduce soil erosion and simultaneously have the potential to produce nutrients to combat malnutrition. However, nutrient compositions of wild, perennial, herbaceous species, such as those related to the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) are not well known. In this study, seed ion and amino acid concentrations of perennial and annual Phaseolus species were quantified using ionomics and mass spectrometry. No statistical difference was observed for Zn, toxic ions (e.g., As) or essential amino acid concentrations (except threonine) between perennial and annual Phaseolus species. However, differences were observed for some nutritionally important ions. For example, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and P concentrations were higher in annual species; further, ion and amino acid concentrations appear to be largely independent of each other. These results suggest variability in ion and amino acid concentrations exist in Phaseolus. As new crop candidates are considered for ecological services, nutritional quality should be optimized to maximize nutrient output of sustainable food crops.
Terminal Value Problem for Differential Equations with Hilfer–Katugampola Fractional Derivative
Authors: Benchohra Mouffak , Bouriah Soufyane , Nieto Juan J.
Published: May 2019

We present in this work the existence results and uniqueness of solutions for a class of boundary value problems of terminal type for fractional differential equations with the Hilfer–Katugampola fractional derivative. The reasoning is mainly based upon different types of classical fixed point theory such as the Banach contraction principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem. We illustrate our main findings, with a particular case example included to show the applicability of our outcomes.
Fast and Efficient Sensitivity Aware Multi-Objective Optimization of Analog Circuits
Authors: Garbaya Amel , Kotti Mouna , Bellaaj Kchaou Omaya , Fakhfakh Mourad , Guillen-Fernandez Omar , Tlelo-Cuautle Esteban
Published: May 2019

This article introduces a novel approach for generating low-sensitive Pareto fronts of analog circuit performances. The main idea consists of taking advantage from the social interaction between particles within a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm by progressively guiding the global leading process towards low sensitive solutions inside the landscape. We show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms already proposed techniques dealing with the generation of sensitivity-aware Pareto fronts, not only in terms of computing time, but also with regards to the number of solutions forming the tradeoff surface. Performances of our approach are highlighted via the design of two analog circuits.
Neurotoxic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis in the Presence of Copper Ions is Mediated through Enhanced Production of ROS and Stimulation of Caspase-3/7 Activity
Authors: Radovanović Vedrana , Vlainić Josipa , Hanžić Nikolina , Ukić Petra , Oršolić Nada , Baranović Goran , Jazvinšćak Jembrek Maja
Published: May 2019

Elevated amounts of copper are considered to be contributing factor in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases as they promote oxidative stress conditions. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) against copper-induced neuronal damage. In cultured P19 neuronal cells, EEP exacerbated copper-provoked neuronal cell death by increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and through the activation of caspase-3/7 activity. EEP augmented copper-induced up-regulation of p53 and Bax mRNA expressions. Neurotoxic effects of EEP were accompanied by a strong induction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expression and decrease in the expression of c-fos mRNA. SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) prevented detrimental effects of EEP, whereas SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), exacerbated EEP-induced neuronal cell death. Quercetin, a polyphenolic nutraceutical, which is usually present in propolis, was also able to exacerbate copper-induced neuronal death. Our data indicates a pro-oxidative and apoptotic mode of EEP action in the presence of excess copper, wherein ROS/p53/p38 interactions play an important role in death cascades. Our study also pointed out that detailed pharmacological and toxicological studies must be carried out for propolis and other dietary supplements in order to fully recognize the potential adverse effects in specific conditions.
Characterization of a Novel Megalocytivirus Isolated from European Chub (Squalius cephalus)
Authors: Halaly Maya A. , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Koda Samantha A. , Popov Vsevolod L. , Stone David , Way Keith , Waltzek Thomas B.
Published: May 2019

A novel virus from moribund European chub (Squalius cephalus) was isolated on epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed abundant non-enveloped, hexagonal virus particles in the cytoplasm of infected EPC cells consistent with an iridovirus. Illumina MiSeq sequence data enabled the assembly and annotation of the full genome (128,216 bp encoding 108 open reading frames) of the suspected iridovirus. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses based on 25 iridovirus core genes supported the European chub iridovirus (ECIV) as being the sister species to the recently-discovered scale drop disease virus (SDDV), which together form the most basal megalocytivirus clade. Genetic analyses of the ECIV major capsid protein and ATPase genes revealed the greatest nucleotide identity to members of the genus Megalocytivirus including SDDV. These data support ECIV as a novel member within the genus Megalocytivirus. Experimental challenge studies are needed to fulfill River’s postulates and determine whether ECIV induces the pathognomonic microscopic lesions (i.e., megalocytes with basophilic cytoplasmic inclusions) observed in megalocytivirus infections.
Raman microprobe analysis on gaseous inclusions from the diagenetically altered Terres Noires (S-E, France)
Authors: Guilhaumou Nicole , Jouaffre Didier , Velde Bruce , Bény Claude
Published: May 2019

Raman microprobe determinations have been made on primary gaseous inclusions in quartz crystals found in concretions from diagenetically altered Jurassic sediments from S-E France. The gas compositions vary as a general function of the diagenetic grade of the enclosing sediments. Two major types of gas inclusions were found, a wet gas in the western part of the basin and a dry gas in the eastern part. The proportions of CH4, C2H6, C3H8, CO2, H2S and N2 were determined to within one percent of the amount present. The gas mixtures and fluid phase assemblages indicate that these materials were entrapped during the evolution of the organic and mineral rock assemblages induced by increases of temperature and pressure. There is no evidence for change of the organic material posterior to its entrapment as a fluid inclusion.

UV fluorescence optical observations indicate that organic liquids are present in the primary inclusions and also in secondary inclusions situated in healed cracks. These secondary inclusions are found in the whole area. UV fluorescence measurements indicate that this trapped material could be an extract from a more evolved organic material than that found in primary inclusions. These secondary inclusions could have been formed during tectonic event of the Alpine orogenies.
Un analyseur vidéographique interactif : description et applications
Authors: Lapique Frédéric , Champenois Michel , Cheilletz Alain
Published: May 2019

The image analyser presented here is an interactive videographic system which allows the operator to draw by superimposition on the colour video image. This system is based on an IBM-PC microcomputer which is used for storage and treatment of the video data provided by a high resolution colour video camera. Associated programs have been developed for mineralogical, petrological or structural applications which perform the calculation of parameters such as surface, perimeter, shape factor, orientation or finite strain ellipsoid determination.
Analisis Biblika Baptisan Roh Kudus Dan Penuh Dengan Roh Kudus
Authors: Sumiwi Asih Rachmani Endang
Published: May 2019

The baptism of the Holy Spirit and filled with the Holy Spirit is a general term among Pentecostal and Charismatic Churches. However, these two things are sometimes questioned among mainline churches, especially with regard to the outward signs that accompany the event of the baptism of the Holy Spirit.To answer this question a biblical analysis is needed. This biblical analysis includes definitions in the original Greek, inventorying how they happened and written in the Bible, and then inductively drawn the conclusion of the baptism of the Holy Spirit and filled with the Holy Spirit.The baptism of the Holy Spirit has two meanings: first, a person is baptized by the Holy Spirit into the body of Christ to become part of the body of Christ (1 Cor 12: 12-13); the second, a person baptized by the Lord Jesus into the Holy Spirit so that he is under the control of the Holy Spirit (Mk 1: 8).Full of the Holy Spirit is a state in which the Holy Spirit overwhelms or controls all aspects of the believer's life so that what he does as the Holy Spirit des.Key Words: Baptism of The Holy Spirit, Holy Spirit, GlossolaliaAbstrakBaptisan Roh Kudus dan penuh dengan Roh Kudus adalah istilah umum di kalangan Gereja-gereja Pentakosta dan Karismatik. Namun demikian kedua hal ini kadang-kadang dipertanyakan di kalangan gereja-gereja arus utama, khususnya sehubungan dengan tanda-tanda lahiriah yang menyertai peristiwa baptisan Roh Kudus.Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini perlu dilakukan analisis biblikal. Analisis biblikal ini meliputi definisi dalam bahasa aslinya, yaitu bahasa Yunani, menginventarisasi bagaimana hal-hal tersebut terjadi dan dituliskan di dalam Alkitab, lalu secara induktif ditarik kesimpulan mengenai baptisan Roh Kudus dan penuh dengan Roh Kudus.Baptisan Roh Kudus memiliki dua pengertian: yang pertama, seseorang dibaptis oleh Roh Kudus ke dalam tubuh Kristus sehingga menjadi bagian dari tubuh Kristus (1 Kor. 12:12 -13); yang kedua, sesorang dibaptis oleh Tuhan Yesus ke dalam Roh Kudus sehingga ia berada dalam penguasaan Roh Kudus (Mrk 1:8).Penuh dengan Roh Kudus adalah keadaan di mana Roh Kudus menguasai atau mengendalikan seluruh segi kehidupan orang percaya tersebut sehingga apa yang dilakukan seperti apa yang Roh Kudus mau.Kata-kata kunci: baptisan Roh, kepenuhan Roh, Roh Kudus, glossolalia, bahasa roh
Kajian Biblika Yesus Kristus Saksi Yang Setia Dalam Wahyu 1: 5 Serta Relevansinya Bagi Gereja Abad 1
Authors: Aliyanto Deky Nofa
Published: May 2019

The churches in first century, the epsitlereceiver from the Apostle of John is about the churchesthat experience some challenges internallyand eksternally. The challenges that they experienced are very difficult because those can make some part of congregations must be lost their lives for maintaining their faith to Jesus Christ.In this situation The Apostle of John write the book of revelation. Because of the book of revelation also has kind of literature letter, then the Apostle of John open his book by saying trinitarian greeting. Revelation 1: 5 specifically is the greeting from Jesus Christ The faithful witness. This greetingis relevant for the Churchesin first century. The method that is used on this epistle is by doing biblical theologyresearch with hermeneutic and assessment bible approach for understanding the meaning of texts in the beginning of writer’s context. By understanding that, will be seen the appellation for Jesus from the greeting Ἰησοῦ χριστοῦ, ὁ μάρτυς ὁ πιστόςon the Revelation 1: 5, it has relevance with churches in first century. Keywords: Bible study, The faithful witness, Revelation 1: 5, relevance, Churches in first century.AbstrakGereja abad 1 penerima surat dari Rasul Yohenes adalah gereja yang mengalami tantangan secara internal dan eksternal. Tantangan yang mereka alami sangat sulit karena menjadikan sebagian jemaat harus kehilangan nyawa demi mempertahankan iman kepada Yesus Kristus. Dalam situasi seperti inilah Rasul Yohanes menulis kitab wahyu. Oleh karena kitab Wahyu juga memiliki jenis sastra surat maka Rasul Yohanes membuka suratnya dengan salam Trinitarian. Wahyu 1: 5 secara khusus adalah salam dari Yesus Kristus Saksi Yang Setia. Salam ini relevan bagi gereja abad 1. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah riset Teologi biblika dengan pendekatan hermeneutik dan pengkajian Alkitab untuk memahami makna teks dalam konteks penulis mula-mula. Dengan memahami makna teks dalam konteks penulis mula-mula akan terlihat gelar Yesus dari salam Ἰησοῦ χριστοῦ, ὁ μάρτυς ὁ πιστός dalam Wahyu 1: 5 memiliki relevansi dengan Gereja Abad 1. Kata Kunci: Kajian biblika, Saksi yang Setia, Wahyu 1: 5, Relevansi, Gereja Abad 1.
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Kelas Dalam Pelajaran Agama Kristen Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Di SMP Kanaan Ungaran Tahun Ajaran 2017-2018
Authors: Oci Markus
Published: May 2019

Pengelola kelas yang merupakan tugas guru  dalam menciptakan suasana kelas yang memungkikan terjadinya interaksi pembelajaran semaksimal mungkin, meningkatkan, memperbaiki belajar siswa sehingga tetap tertarik terlibat dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar dan lebih mudah dalam menerima pelajaran. Pengelola kelas merupakan ketrampilan yang harus dimiliki guru dalam memahami, mendiagnosis, dan kemampuan bertindak menuju perbaikan suasana kelas terhadap aspek-aspek manajemen kelas.  Belajar merupakan proses perubahan, dan perubahan dapat lihatkan dalam bentuk peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas tingkah laku, dan belajar dari sisiwa tersebut.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa persamaan regresi yang yang di dapat adalah Y = 20, 393 + 0, 601 X, dimana: Y = prestasi belajar siswa, X = pengaruh pengelolaan kelas.  Artinya koefisien regresi sebesar 0, 601 atau 60, 1% menyatakan bahwa setiap perubahan Pengelolaan kelasakan meningkatkan  Prestasi Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Kanaan Ungaran sebesar 60,1%.  Sebaliknya, bila pengelolaan kelas 100%, maka prestasi belajar siswa juga diprediksikan mengalami penurunan sebesar 60,1%.  Koefisien korelasi pengaruh antara kedua variabel adalah 0, 522.  Artinya tingkat pengaruh menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang sedang antara variabel X terhadap variabel Y.   Hubungannya adalah positif, sebab pada angkat 0, 522 tidak ada tanda negatif.  Oleh karena itu, semakin besar pengelolaan kelas, maka semakin meningkat prestasi belajar siswa sedangkan pengaruh positif yang signifikan antara pengelolaan kelas terhadap prestasi belajar siswa.  Kata Kunci : Pengelola Kelas, Tugas Utama Guru Dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar.
Gereja Dan Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi “Digital Ecclesiology”
Authors: Afandi Yahya
Published: May 2019

Gereja sebagai komunitas beriman yang mengembara, yang berdimensi spasial sekaligus temporal tidak pernah sepi dari tantangan yang berasal dari konteks di mana ia ada dan berteologi. Kemajuan di bidang teknologi-informasi, pengaruh media sosial tak luput dari area di mana gereja juga harus berurusan dan mengambil peran sebagai garam dan terang. Dalam situasi seperti saat ini, gereja kembali diuji untuk tetap menjalankan fungsinya. Dari waktu ke waktu, oleh topangan rahmat Tuhan, gereja telah menunjukkan keteguhan eksistensi kontekstualisasinya sebagai perwujudan tugas dan panggilan: persekutuan, pelayanan dan kesaksian. Gagasan tentang gereja digital adalah sebuah tawaran kehidupan menggereja pada masa kini. Dunia virtual meskipun di satu sisi memiliki potensi untuk disalah gunakan untuk kepentingan-kepentingan tertentu; namun di sisi lain dapat menjadi peluang di mana gereja memiliki cara pandang baru dalam memandang realitas Allah yang transenden. Ketimbang melihat realitas pemanfaatan media sosial dengan segala ancamannya, sudah waktunya gereja memberikan manfaat baru bagi pembangunan komunikasi, komunitas dan pemuridan. Kata kunci: Digital ecclesiology, konteks berteologi, kemajuan teknologi-informasi, media sosial, dunia virtual, realitas transendental, komunikasi, komunitas, pemuridan.
Refleksi Pastoral Terhadap Konsep Keselamatan Dalam Universalisme Ditinjau Dari Soteriologi Kristen
Authors: Setiawan David Eko
Published: May 2019

Universalisme adalah salah satu paham yang secara nyata telah mempengaruhi Kekristenan. Sejarah mencatat bahwa ada beberapa tokoh  gereja yang terpengaruh dan mengajarkannya sehingga menimbulkan penyesatan.  Penyesatan ini berdampak pada iman sebagaian orang Kristen yang kemudian menyimpang dari  iman yang ortodoks. Dan fakta menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Universalisme masih dapat dirasakan sampai sekarang.Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas, maka penulis tergerak untuk membuat tulisan tentang refleksi pastoral terhadap Universalisme.  Melalui tulisan ini, penulis ingin merefleksi  ajaran-ajaran universalisme tentang keselamatan berdasarkan Soteriologi Kristen bagi pelayanan pastoral sehingga dapat menemukan jalan keluar bagi para jemaat yang telah terpengaruh oleh pengajaran tersebut.
De Novo Design of Polymeric Carrier to Photothermally Release Singlet Oxygen for Hypoxic Tumor Treatment
Authors: Huang Tianci , Zhao Menglong , Yu Qi , Feng Zheng , Xie Mingjuan , Liu Shujuan , Zhang Kenneth Yin , Zhao Qiang , Huang Wei
Published: May 2019

Intratumoral hypoxia extremely limits the clinic applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Endoperoxides allow thermally releasing singlet oxygen (
1
O
2
) in a defined quantity and offer promising opportunities for oxygen-independent PDT treatment of hypoxic tumors. However, previous composite systems by combining endoperoxides with photothermal reagents may result in unpredicted side effects and potential harmful impacts during therapy
in vivo
. Herein, we de novo design an all-in-one polymer carrier, which can photothermally release
1
O
2
. The strategy has been demonstrated to effectively enhance the production of
1
O
2
and realize the photodamage in vitro, especially in hypoxic environment. Additionally, the polymer carrier accumulates into tumor after intravenous injection via the enhanced permeation and retention effects and accelerates the oxygen-independent generation of
1
O
2
in tumors. The oxidative damage results in good inhibitory effect on tumor growth. Realization of the strategy
in vivo
paves a new way to construct photothermal-triggered oxygen-independent therapeutic platform for clinical applications.
WAJAH KERAHIMAN ALLAH DALAM PERJANJIAN LAMA
Authors: Supriyadi Agustinus
Published: May 2019

The theme is taken for this Jubilee is "Compassionate like God - Like the Merciful Father" (Lk 6:36).God is essentially show mercy, even declared himself the Almighty through His mercy. We must realize that God's mercy was not a sign of weakness, but a sign of power. Since the Old Testament, God invites each individual to reflect on his mercy, as proclaimed by the prophet Zephaniah. God has to get rid of the punishment that fell upon His people (Zephaniah 3:15). God is also present in the midst of His people (Zephaniah 3:17) expressed his compassion and solidarity. Moreover, God refurbish the people with His love (Zephaniah 3:17). God's mercy is transformed and entered into the history of mankind, in the person of Jesus Christ. He is the perfect face of God's mercy. Finally, everyone is called to show the face of the compassion of God through everyday life. God's love is so great that it revealed first of the works of creation. His love for man revealed in action by creating the universe and it is all provided for humans. Because after all there (the earth and its contents) God created man in the image of Himself.
Mathematical modeling and experimental working off of gas-liquid systems for separation of reactive shells on the basis of the matmech program package
Authors: Boychun S.
Published: May 2019

This paper presents general information about the complex of mathematical models and experimental working off of separation systems of reactive shells based on the MATMECH software package. The article may be useful for scientific and technical workers of the defense industry.
Нормативно-правове супроводження процесу створення об’єктів права інтелектуальної власності в США
Authors: Komarov V. , Moskvitin О. , Yaremenko М. , Kurovska T.
Published: May 2019

В статті міститься аналіз чинних в США стратегічних підходів та порядку функціонування процесу захисту об’єктів права інтелектуальної власності. Розглянуті спільні скоординовані зусилля Конгресу, Адміністрації Президента та інших гілок влади, приватного сектору США щодо інтелектуальної власності з метою досягнення успіху інноваційної політики цієї країни. В статі також наведені результати досліджень Інституту оборонного аналізу США щодо врахування в політиці оборонних закупівель вимог стосовно охорони інтелектуальної власності.
Competitiveness of the air transport sector as a determinant of the development of time and road accessibility to airports
Authors: Tłoczyński Dariusz
Published: May 2019

Air transport is an important element in the development of every country. Aviation impact on economic development, and the economy has an impact on air transport. This relationship has an impact on entities operating on the market for air transport services. Air carriers, airports want to achieve maximize their operational and financial data.
In Poland, most airports shareholders are the public authorities, which support the development of airports. Public institutions involved directly and indirectly. Indirect, because the building communication system to airports, modernizing rail and road infrastructure. The dynamic development of this infrastructure has resulted to an increase in catchement area. Air transport companies realize specific development strategies, they are forced to take measures to increase competitiveness. Most often this is done by intangible factors.