bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Albert Jesionek auf der Spur der Zytomegalie-Krankheit
Authors: Diosi Peter
Published: December 2020

The first publications concerning the peculiar cellular structures that lateron became the hallmark of cytomegalic inclusion disease, originated in the early 20th century from German institutes. These early reports got into oblivion even before their significance and implications could be fully realized. The purpose of this study is to reconsider the contributions of Jesionek and other authors to the discovery of the "protozoa-like structures", based upon their publications and in accordance with the state of knowledge at that time.
Englisch - die universelle Wissenschaftssprache des 20. Jahrhunderts. Alphonse de Candolle's Prognose von 1873
Authors: Koelbing Huldrych M.
Published: December 2020

With his «Histoire des sciences et des savants depuis deux siècles», the Geneva botanist Alphonse de Candolle published, in 1873, the first social history of science. He added to it, among other things, an essay on the necessity of one dominating language suitable to be used by scientists all over the world, and he predicted that, in the 20"" century, English would be this language. This, he writes, is sure to happen, above all on account of the previsible demographic evolution. By 1970, the English speaking peoples will greatly outnumber the French and German speaking ones, who are the two other communities prominent in scientific research. By an amiable characterization of the English language, de Candolle makes the inevitable more acceptable to his francophone readers. Finally, he stresses the great responsibility incumbing particularly on the Americans for maintaining their language on a high standard.
Novel symbiotic relationship between a spionid polychaete and Lingula (Brachiopoda: Lingulata: Lingulidae), with description of Polydora lingulicola sp. nov. (Annelida: Spionidae)

Authors: ABE HIROKAZU , SATO-OKOSHI WAKA
Published: December 2020

A new spionid species Polydora lingulicola sp. nov., a novel symbiont of Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 is described here based on materials collected from the Yatsushiro Sea and Ariake Sea, southern Japan. Polydora lingulicola sp. nov., morphologically closest to P. glycymerica Radashevsky, 1993 and P. vulgaris Mohammad, 1972, is distinct from latter two shell-boring species by its smaller size, long maximum caruncle length, non-boring lifestyle, presence of subspherical yellow chromatophores on chaetiger 5 (visible in living specimens), and larval morphology. The new species was observed to construct mud tubes on the surfaces of L. anatina shells, with the tube apertures located near the lateral inhalant pseudosiphon of the hosts, and utilizes the water currents created by the filter-feeding host for feeding suspended food particles. Polydora lingulicola sp. nov. represents the first polychaetous annelid reported to exhibit an obligate symbiotic relationship with a lingulid brachiopod. Epibiotic polychaetes previously reported as P. cornuta Bosc, 1802 to occur on L. anatina shells from Japan in 1902 may belong to P. lingulicola sp. nov. The possibility that the wild populations of P. lingulicola sp. nov. may be vulnerable to extinction because they only associate with L. anatina, wild populations of which are near threatened by habitat loss, coastal pollution, and fishing pressure.
A new genus and species of spionid polychaete (Annelida, Spionidae) from a deep-water cold seep site in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea off Turkey

Authors: BLAKE JAMES A. , RAMEY-BALCI PATRICIA A.
Published: December 2020

A new spionid polychaete was discovered in deep-sea sediments in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during an expedition by the Ocean Exploration Trust. Specimens were collected by the E/V Nautilus in August 2012 off Turkey, at a depth of 2216 m on the Anaximander Seamount at the Amsterdam mud volcano site. Cores were taken from sediments covered with microbial mats. The new species belongs to the Pygospiopsis-Atherospio Group, which has unusual neuropodial hooks, modified neurosetae in some anterior setigers, and branchiae in middle body segments that are broad, flattened, and fused to the dorsal lamellae. The new species is assigned to a new genus and species, Aciculaspio anaximanderi n. gen., n. sp., and is unusual in having a reduced setiger 1 lacking notosetae; well-developed pre- and postsetal lamellae that encompass the neurosetae and notosetae; notopodial lamellae free from the branchiae in anterior setigers that become fused and flattened in middle and posterior segments; unidentate hooded hooks in both noto- and neuropodia; neuropodial spines in setigers 4–10; and a pygidium with three anal cirri. Aciculaspio anaximanderi n. gen., n. sp. is the first species in the Atherospio-Pygospiopsis Group collected from a deep-water cold seep habitat.
Redescription of Neanthes micromma Harper, 1979 (Annelida: Nereididae) based on types and additional material from Tampa Bay, Florida, USA, with a discussion of ontogenetic morphological variation

Authors: DAVENPORT JENNIFER S. , GLASBY CHRISTOPHER J. , KARLEN DAVID J.
Published: December 2020

Small specimens of a seemingly undescribed nereidid polychaete species from Tampa Bay, Florida, USA lacked notopodial falcigers, paragnaths and papillae on the pharynx, and dorsal ligules. Quantitative analysis of a larger size range of material showed that all specimens could be referred to Nereis (Neanthes) micromma Harper, 1979. The use of Neanthes Kinberg, 1865 as a subgenus of Nereis Linnaeus, 1758 is no longer accepted and this species is now formally referred to Neanthes micromma Harper, 1979, which is here redescribed to better account for the observed size-related variation. Contrary to the original description, in this species, notaciculae are present in chaetigers 1 and 2, but difficult to observe. Given that earlier studies have identified the potential phylogenetic significance of presence of notaciculae, it is suggested that re-evaluation of this character in similar Nereididae may assist in revising the status of the polyphyletic genus Neanthes.
A new interstitial genus and species of Acrocirridae from Okinawa-jima Island, Japan

Authors: JIMI NAOTO , FUJIMOTO SHINTA , IMURA SATOSHI
Published: December 2020

A new interstitial acrocirrid, Actaedrilus yanbarensis gen et. sp. nov., is described from Okinawa-jima Island, Japan. Individuals of the new genus and species were collected from the interstices of subtidal coarse sand (about 1 m depth). The new genus is comprised of the new species and A. polyonyx (Eliason, 1962) comb. nov. and it is characterized by the presence of two pairs of long branchiae, non-retractile head, minute body, and short club-shaped palps. We infer the phylogenetic position of A. yanbarensis gen. et sp. nov. within Acrocirridae using five gene markers (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, Cyt B).
On Polycirrus changbunker sp. nov. (Annelida: Terebelliformia: Polycirridae), a new species of polycirrid worms from southwestern Atlantic

Authors: NOGUEIRA JOÃO MIGUEL DE MATOS , VAN DEURSEN PLINIO FERREIRA , RANAURO NATÁLIA , CARRERETTE ORLEMIR
Published: December 2020

Polycirrus changbunker sp. nov. is herein described, from specimens collected off the states of Paraná (type locality, southern Brazil), São Paulo (southeastern Brazil), and Pernambuco and Paraíba (northeastern Brazil). Members of Polycirrus changbunker sp. nov. present 31–43 pairs of notopodia, bearing pinnate and narrowly-winged chaetae, neuropodia beginning on segment 9, bearing type 1 uncini sensu Glasby & Glasby (2006) throughout, paired ventro-lateral glandular pads on segments 3–13, and nephridial and genital papillae on segments 3–8. A full description for members of Polycirrus changbunker sp. nov. is herein provided, together with a comparison with the individuals of the most similar congener species.
Rodney Phillips Dales: influential annelid researcher, natural historian, editor, artist, gardener and architectural enthusiast (1927–2020)

Authors: MACKIE ANDREW S.Y. , DALES CLARE , KENT R. MICHAEL L. , DIXON DAVID R. , WELLS RUFUS M.G. , WARREN LYNDA M.
Published: December 2020

Rodney Phillips Dales was born in Hornchurch, Essex on 15 January 1927. His father Sidney Phillips Dales was a Chartered Architect, his mother Muriel Emily (née Tattersall) kept the family home in the Squirrel’s Heath district, and frequently worked in her husband’s practice. Rodney and his brother Gordon (b. 1922) were raised in a strict Methodist family. They led a modest life, but one full of interest and diversion. Frequent trips to the seaside, and visits to buildings and artist friends of his father, helped shape Rodney’s interests and future career. He became fascinated by the diversity of the natural world and the wonderful architecture he encountered on his frequent bike rides into the Essex countryside.
A Physically Based Stochastic Boundary Layer Perturbation Scheme. Part I: Formulation and Evaluation in a Convection-Permitting Model
Authors: Clark P. A. , Halliwell C. E. , Flack D. L. A.
Published: December 2020

We present a simple, physically consistent stochastic boundary layer scheme implemented in the Met Office’s Unified Model. It is expressed as temporally correlated multiplicative Poisson noise with a distribution that depends on physical scales. The distribution can be highly skewed at convection-permitting scales (horizontal grid lengths around 1 km) when temporal correlation is far more important than spatial. The scheme is evaluated using small ensemble forecasts of two case studies of severe convective storms over the United Kingdom. Perturbations are temporally correlated over an eddy-turnover time scale, and may be similar in magnitude to or larger than the mean boundary layer forcing. However, their mean is zero and hence they, in practice, they have very little impact on the energetics of the forecast, so overall domain-averaged precipitation, for example, is essentially unchanged. Differences between ensemble members grow; after around 12 h they appear to be roughly saturated; this represents the time scale to achieve a balance between addition of new perturbations, perturbation growth, and dissipation, not just saturation of initial perturbations. The scheme takes into account the area chosen to average over, and results are insensitive to this area at least where this remains within an order of magnitude of the grid scale.
The Contribution of Internal Variability to Asian Midlatitude Warming
Authors: Feng Xiaofang , Wu Liguang
Published: December 2020

The tropospheric warming in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) midlatitudes has been an important factor in regulating weather and climate since the twentieth century. Apart from anthropogenic forcing leading to the midlatitude warming, this study investigates the possible contribution of internal variability to Asian midlatitude warming and its role in East Asian circulation changes in boreal summer, using four reanalysis datasets in the past century and a set of 1800-yr preindustrial control simulations of the Community Earth System Model version 1 large ensemble (CESM-LE). The surface and tropospheric warming in the Asian midlatitudes is associated with a strong upper-level geopotential height rise north of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Linear trends of 200-hPa geopotential height (Z200) confirm a dipole of an anomalous high north of the TP and an anomalous low over the Iranian Plateau in 1958–2017. The leading internal circulation mode bears a striking resemblance to the Z200 trend in the past 60 and 111 years, indicating that the long-term trend may be partially of internal origin. The Asian midlatitude warming is also found in preindustrial simulations of CESM-LE, further suggesting that internal variability explains at least part of the temperature change in the Asian midlatitudes, which is in a chain of wave trains along the NH midlatitudes. The Asian warming decreases the meridional gradient of geopotential height, resulting in the weakening of westerly winds over the TP and the TP thermal forcing. Thus, it is essential to consider the role of internal variability in shaping East Asian surface temperature and East Asian summer monsoon changes in the past decades.
Using Bayesian Networks to Investigate the Influence of Subseasonal Arctic Variability on Midlatitude North Atlantic Circulation
Authors: Harwood Nathanael , Hall Richard , Di Capua Giorgia , Russell Andrew , Tucker Allan
Published: December 2020

Recent enhanced warming and sea ice depletion in the Arctic have been put forward as potential drivers of severe weather in the midlatitudes. Evidence of a link between Arctic warming and midlatitude atmospheric circulation is growing, but the role of Arctic processes relative to other drivers remains unknown. Arctic–midlatitude connections in the North Atlantic region are particularly complex but important due to the frequent occurrence of severe winters in recent decades. Here, dynamic Bayesian networks with hidden variables are introduced to the field to assess their suitability for teleconnection analyses. Climate networks are constructed to analyze North Atlantic circulation variability at 5-day to monthly time scales during the winter months of the years 1981–2018. The inclusion of a number of Arctic, midlatitude, and tropical variables allows for an investigation into the relative role of Arctic influence compared to internal atmospheric variability and other remote drivers. A robust covariability between regions of amplified Arctic warming and two definitions of midlatitude circulation is found to occur entirely within winter at submonthly time scales. Hidden variables incorporated in networks represent two distinct modes of stratospheric polar vortex variability, capturing a periodic shift between average conditions and slower anomalous flow. The influence of the Barents–Kara Seas region on the North Atlantic Oscillation is found to be the strongest link at 5- and 10-day averages, while the stratospheric polar vortex strongly influences jet variability on monthly time scales.
A comparative analysis of early childhood socioeconomic conditions and educational achievement 15 years later
Authors: Merry Joseph J , Condron Dennis J , Torres Nick
Published: December 2020

Scholars agree that the early childhood years are highly consequential for later educational outcomes, but we know little about the impact of early childhood socioeconomic conditions at the societal level. This study contributes to the literature by bringing to comparative sociology the proposition that variations in the social structures into which children are born have lasting impacts on their educational outcomes as they progress through secondary education. Drawing on theories of welfare regimes and social stratification, we analyze nation-level data on socioeconomic conditions from the early 2000s via the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and educational performance data from the 2015 Programme for International Student Assessment ( N = 35). In line with our hypotheses, societal inequalities and disadvantages present when children are young are associated with negative achievement outcomes 15 years later and policies that guarantee people basic securities are more consistently associated with positive achievement outcomes than are broad measures of social spending. We conclude by highlighting the value of our approach and suggesting directions for future research on cross-national variations in achievement as a product of socioeconomic conditions during early childhood.
Civil War and Female Empowerment
Authors: Bakken Ingrid Vik , Buhaug Halvard
Published: December 2020

Recent research has directed attention to the transformative potential of war for female empowerment. As a disruptive shock, armed conflict can create a window of opportunity for advancing the societal role of women. We complement this research agenda by looking at how conflict severity and termination condition the outcomes for women in the aftermath of civil conflict. We expect that both level of violence and mode of resolution affect subsequent female empowerment, where severe conflicts ending by a negotiated settlement have the greatest transformative potential. Consistent with expectations, we find that post-conflict improvements in female empowerment occur primarily after high-intensity civil conflicts. However, subsequent tests reveal that this effect is driven largely by conflicts terminated by peace agreements. The greatest improvement in female empowerment is seen when peace agreements have gender-specific provisions. These results support calls for a sustained effort toward mainstreaming gender issues in conflict resolution and peacebuilding processes.
Are Thoughts About the Future Associated With Perceptions in the Present?: Optimism, Possible Selves, and Self-Perceptions of Aging
Authors: Turner Shelbie G. , Hooker Karen
Published: December 2020

Despite much literature pointing to the saliency of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) to aging processes, limited research offers empirical analysis on what shapes SPA. In order to identify possible antecedents to SPA, we conducted an exploratory analysis to analyze whether two future-oriented constructs—optimism and self-efficacy associated with possible selves—were associated with SPA. We ran hierarchical linear regressions, with optimism and self-efficacy of possible selves predicting SPA among 244 middle-aged and older adults. Higher optimism, higher self-efficacy to achieve hoped-for selves, and higher self-efficacy to avoid feared selves were associated with higher overall SPA. Results from our study suggest that how someone appraises their future older self impacts how they perceive their current older self.
Prevalence and Correlates of Sleep Quality Among Jordanian University Students: A Cross-Sectional National Study
Authors: Shaheen Abeer Mohammed , Alkaid Albqoor Maha
Published: December 2020

Poor sleep quality affects university students’ life and increases their risk of long-term health consequences. This study aimed to describe the quality of sleep among Jordanian university students, examine differences in sleep quality according to selected variables, and identify predictors of sleep quality. A cross-sectional correlational design and a multi-strategic sampling technique were used to select a sample of 1,308 university students. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Sleep Hygiene Instrument were administered to the subjects. T-test, ANOVA, and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. The results showed that most students were classified as poor sleepers (87.1%), and only (12.8%) reported having a good sleep quality. Among the components of sleep quality, subjective sleep quality (m = 1.90, SD = 0.89) and daytime dysfunction (m = 1.72, SD = 0.67) had the highest mean scores, while sleep efficiency (m = 0.50, SD = 0.91) and the use of sleep medications (m = 0.23, SD = 0.73) had the lowest mean scores. There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality in relation to residency, academic level, academic achievement, and family income. Significant predictors of sleep quality were gender, marital status, employment status, sleep hygiene, and stress.
Redemptive Transformational Learning for Ministry and Theological Education, Part 2
Authors: Nelson Rev. Seth J.
Published: December 2020

This article continues a conversation, begun in a previous article (Nelson, 2020), between theological education and Transformative Learning (TL) theory. Although most studies have appropriated Jack Mezirow’s pioneering theory, the author instead proposes using the work of the Christian educational philosopher, James Loder, in redemptive transformation. The author reviews the corpus of Loder’s work and then offers a series of implications for the practice of Redemptive Transformational Learning in theological education and church-based educational ministries.
A two-stage Generalized Method of Moments model for feedback with time-dependent covariates
Authors: Vazquez-Arreola Elsa
Published: December 2020

Correlated observations in longitudinal studies are often due to repeated measures on the subjects. Additionally, correlation may be realized due to the association between responses at a particular time and the predictors at earlier times. There are also feedback effects (relation between responses in the present and the covariates at a later time), though these are not always relevant and are often ignored. All these cases of correlation must be accounted for as they can have different effects on the regression coefficients. Several authors have provided models that reflect the direct and delayed impact of covariates on the response, utilizing valid moment conditions to estimate the relevant regression coefficients. However, there are applications when one cannot ignore the effect of the responses on future covariates. A two-stage model to account for the feedback, modeling the direct as well as the delayed effects of the covariates on future responses and vice versa is presented. The use of the two-stage model is demonstrated by revisiting child morbidity and its impact on future values of body mass index using Philippines health data. Also, obesity status and its feedback effects on physical activity and depression levels using the Add Health dataset are analyzed.
Cartilage Grafting Outcomes in Intermediate and Definitive Cleft Rhinoplasty
Authors: Pagan Angel D. , Sterling David A. , Andrews Brian T.
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To compare cartilage grafting outcomes in intermediate versus definitive cleft rhinoplasty.

Design:

A retrospective chart review was conducted. The χ2 and Fisher exact tests were used for statistical analyses. Results were considered statistically significant at P < .05.

Participants:

All subjects who underwent revision cleft rhinoplasties between July 2011 and June 2019 were included. Subjects with syndromic conditions were excluded.

Results:

A total of 46 subjects with a cleft nose deformity underwent 65 rhinoplasty procedures. The ages averaged 17 years (range 5-50) with 34 (73.9%) males and 12 (26.1%) females. In the intermediate group, 6 (28.6%) subjects required cartilage grafting as part of 6 cleft rhinoplasties, whereas 15 (71.4%) subjects underwent a total of 26 cleft rhinoplasties that did not require grafting. In the definitive group, 18 (76%) subjects required cartilage grafting over 21 cleft rhinoplasties, whereas 7 (24%) subjects underwent a total of 9 cleft rhinoplasties where cartilage grafting was not required. The difference between the number of subjects requiring cartilage grafting in the intermediate versus the definitive group was statistically significant ( P = .007). Ear concha and nose were the most frequently used cartilage donor sites, with no observed complications.

Conclusions:

Cartilage grafting was significantly more common in the definitive rhinoplasty group. Intermediate cleft rhinoplasty during the 5- to 13-year age period was effective, with a low-risk profile. In our experience, ear concha and nose were the preferred cartilage donor sites, with effective results and an excellent safety profile.
Curriculum in Gifted Education: The Core of the Enterprise
Authors: VanTassel-Baska Joyce
Published: December 2020

This article examines these important questions related to differentiated curriculum: Should curriculum for the gifted be available for all learners? Would differentiated strategies that work with gifted students work for all learners? What are some promising directions in curriculum for gifted programs that have emerged from general education? These questions are examined along with important issues in the field of gifted education.
Combined p53 and Bcl2 Immunophenotypes in Prognosis of Vietnamese Invasive Breast Carcinoma: A Single Institutional Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Van Nguyen Chu , Nguyen Quang Tien , Vu Ha Thi Ngoc , Phung Huyen Thi , Pham Khoa Hong , Le Roanh Dinh
Published: December 2020

Background:

Aberrant of p53 and Bcl2 genes cause changes in the quantity and quality of their proteins and contribute to the pathogenesis of some cancer types including breast cancer. Expression of p53 and Bcl2 were associated to adverse clinical outcomes in breast cancer.

Purpose:

To predict the survival outcomes of invasive breast cancer in Vietnam, using immunohistochemical expression of p53, Bcl2 proteins.

Methods:

The current study was conducted on 526 breast cancer patients who had surgical operations, but had not received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, from 2011 to 2014. The clinicopathological characteristics were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on p53, Bcl2 markers. Expression of p53 and Bcl2 were paired into different immunophenotypes for analysis with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. All breast cancer patients’ survival were analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank models.

Results:

The presence of p53 protein was detected in 44.1%. Positive p53, and p53+Bcl2- immunophenotype were significantly associated with poorer prognostic features. In contrast, the positive Bcl2 protein accounted on 57.6%, and combination of p53-Bcl2+ were strong correlated with better clinicopathological parameters. Bcl2 positivity was observed in higher than the negative Bcl2 in the five-year OS (Overall survival) proportion (91.2 vs 79.4%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the expression of p53, Bcl2 or combinations of these 2 proteins was no longer remained as an independent prognostic variable.

Conclusion:

The Bcl2 positivity had a distinct OS and DFS (Disease free survival). The expression of p53 and Bcl2 are inversely correlated to clinical outcomes in breast cancer.
Carotid-Axillary Bypass as an Alternative to Carotid-Subclavian Bypass Following Coverage of Left Subclavian Artery During TEVAR
Authors: Parker Michael H. , Colpitts Dayle K. , Gilson Genevieve F. , Ryan Liam , Mukherjee Dipankar
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has become the procedure of choice for pathology involving the descending thoracic aorta since its approval by the FDA in 2005. Left subclavian artery (LSA) coverage is commonly required to facilitate an adequate proximal landing zone for the endograft. The traditional revascularization procedure of choice is carotid-subclavian bypass, however recent studies report complication rates as high as 29%—specifically phrenic nerve palsy in 25% of patients undergoing this procedure. Our aim is to present our experience using carotid-axillary bypass as a safe alternative to carotid-subclavian bypass.

Methods:

All patients undergoing carotid-axillary bypass for TEVAR with LSA coverage between June 2016 and September 2019 at a tertiary medical center were retrospectively identified. Short-term and long-term complications were identified and analyzed including: phrenic nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and axillary nerve injuries, as well as local vascular complications requiring re-intervention. All perioperative chest radiographs were reviewed for new hemidiaphragm elevation to assess for phrenic nerve injuries.

Results:

35 patients underwent carotid-axillary bypass in conjunction with TEVAR during this time period. The majority of bypasses were performed concurrently with TEVAR (80.0%, 28/35) utilizing GORE PROPATEN 8 mm externally supported vascular graft (91.4%, 32/35). The complication rate specific to carotid-axillary bypass was 14.3% (5/35). We observed a significantly lower (0%, 0/35, P < 0.01) rate of phrenic nerve palsy for carotid-axillary bypass compared to the previously reported 25% (27/107) for carotid-subclavian bypass. For patients with available follow-up imaging (85.7%, 30/35), there was a 100% patency rate at time intervals ranging from 0-1066 days (IQR = 3-37.8).

Conclusion:

Carotid-axillary bypass can be performed as a safe alternative to carotid-subclavian bypass for LSA coverage during TEVAR involving a more superficial anatomic course of dissection. Phrenic nerve palsy, a well-described complication of the traditional carotid-subclavian bypass, was not observed in this retrospective series.
Toward connectivity of a disconnected cluster in partitioned wireless sensor network for time-critical data collection
Authors: Nasr Kashif , Khan Noor Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Reliable network connectivity is one of the major design issues in the context of wireless sensor networks. These networks have diverse communication patterns due to non-uniform sensing activities at various locations in the environment being monitored. In such scenarios, some nodes lying in high-traffic zones may consume more energy and eventually die out resulting in network partitioning. This gives rise to a situation in which alive nodes are trapped in a disconnected cluster, and they do not have enough radio range to communicate their data to the destination (i.e. a sink or a relay node connected to the main part of the network). This phenomenon may deprive a large number of alive nodes of sending their important time-critical data to the sink. In this article, we propose a virtual antenna–based cooperative beamforming approach for retrieving valuable data from these disconnected nodes. In the proposed approach, the sensor nodes in an isolated partition work together to form a directional beam. This directional beam significantly increases their overall communication range to reach out to a distant relay node which is connected to the main part of the network. The proposed approach of cooperative beamforming–based partition connectivity is more effective when a cluster with a favorably large number of nodes gets partitioned. Furthermore, a beamforming-based mechanism is proposed for a disconnected cluster to locate the nearest relay node which is still connected to the sink and to reconnect itself to the main part of the network via the most adjacent relay node for time-critical data transmission. The proposed mechanism is then evaluated through simulation results.
Refracture of the Mandibular Condyle in Epilepsy
Authors: Sasaki Ryo , Miyamoto Noriko Sangu , Tominaga Kohei , Okamoto Toshihiro
Published: December 2020

Refracture of the mandible following stable internal fixation would be rare. A 28-years-old male patient was transferred to our emergency center due to fall caused by epilepsy seizure. Computed tomography (CT) showed left condylar base fracture with medial displacement and dislocation, and symphysis fracture. The fracture of condyle and symphysis were performed osteosynthesis with 2 mini-plates on ideal lines of osteosynthesis. The proximal segment of the condyle was placed totally three 7-mm-screws and 2 mini-plates. Six days after surgery, the patient transferred to our emergency center again due to fall by epileptic seizure. The patient drunk a lot of alcohol on the day before. CT indicated that left side fracture of condylar neck with medial displacement above the fixation plates, and no fracture of symphysis. The fracture line run on upper screw of posterior plate. The proximal segment of condyle could not be repositioned in the secondary surgery. The epilepsy patient following mandibular fracture might cause further epilepsy seizures. The risk factors of recurrence seizures should be evaluated including alcohol intake, less sleep and a history of noncompliance to anti-epileptic drugs.
Spodumene from rare-metal pegmatites of the Kolmozero lithium world-class deposit on the Fennoscandian shield: trace elements and crystal-rich fluid inclusions
Authors: Morozova Lyudmila N. , Sokolova Ekaterina N. , Smirnov Sergey Z. , Balagansky Viсtor V. , Bazai Aya V.
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates trace elements and crystal-rich fluid inclusions in spodumene from rare-metal pegmatites of the Kolmozero lithium deposit in the Kola region, Russia. The main lithium mineral in the pegmatites is spodumene, which occurs in three generations, designated as Spd-I, Spd-II and Spd-III. Iron, Na and Mn are the most typical element impurities in spodumene. The Fe/Mn ratio is 7.1 in Spd-I, 12.3 in Spd-II and 13.2 in Spd-III. Spd-II contains fluid and crystal-rich fluid inclusions. The crystal-rich fluid inclusions in Spd-II originally trapped CO2-bearing aqueous fluids with dissolved alkali carbonates. The crystal-rich fluid inclusions contain zabuyelite (Li2CO3) and cristobalite (SiO2) as solid phases, which have not been reported previously from the Kolmozero rare-metal pegmatites. These minerals are assumed to have resulted from a reaction between a CO2-bearing aqueous fluid and host Spd-II and are not related to the mineral-forming system of pegmatites.
Accelerating bioinformatics research with International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine 2020
Authors: Guo Yan , Shen Li , Shi Xinghua , Wang Kai , Dai Yulin , Zhao Zhongming
Published: December 2020

The International Association for Intelligent Biology and Medicine (IAIBM) is a nonprofit organization that promotes intelligent biology and medical science. It hosts an annual International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM), which was initially established in 2012. Due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the ICIBM 2020 was held for the first time as a virtual online conference on August 9 to 10. The virtual conference had ~ 300 registered participants and featured 41 online real-time presentations. ICIBM 2020 received a total of 75 manuscript submissions, and 12 were selected to be published in this special issue of BMC Bioinformatics. These 12 manuscripts cover a wide range of bioinformatics topics including network analysis, imaging analysis, machine learning, gene expression analysis, and sequence analysis.
Venous Doppler ultrasound in critically Ill COVID-19 patients: game changer in anticoagulation therapy
Authors: Alfageme Marta , González Plaza Jorge , Méndez Santiago , Gómez Patiño Juan A. , Collado María L. , Abadal José M. , González Costero Rocío , Fontanilla Teresa , García Suárez Agustín
Published: December 2020

Background

COVID-19 infection has been associated with a high rate of thrombotic events, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE).

Methods

The purpose of our retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic DVT in lower limbs in critically ill COVID-19 patients (n = 23) with severe respiratory failure and high levels of D-dimer by bedside Doppler ultrasound (DU).

Results

DVT was diagnosed in 14 cases (60.87%), 5 in proximal venous territory and 9 in infrapopliteal veins. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) was performed in six patients and all of them showed acute pulmonary embolism (APE) at segmental or subsegmental branches of pulmonary arteries. These patients (APE or DVT confirmed) were treated with therapeutic doses of anticoagulant therapy.

Conclusion

In critically COVID-19 ill ICU patients with severe respiratory failure and elevated D-dimer, the incidence of asymptomatic DVT is high. We propose that DU allows detection of DVT in asymptomatic patients, adding a factor that may balance the decision to fully anticoagulate these patients.
Correction to: Cooperative co‑evolution for feature selection in Big Data with random feature grouping
Authors: Rashid A. N. M. Bazlur , Ahmed Mohiuddin , Sikos Leslie F. , Haskell‑Dowland Paul
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Elevation of gene expression of Btg2, Gadd 153, and antioxidant markers in RONS-induced PC12 cells
Authors: P Aravind , Bulbule Sarojini R. , N Hemalatha , G Anushree , R.L Babu , K.S Devaraju
Published: December 2020

Background

Free radicals generated in the biological system bring about modifications in biological molecules causing damage to their structure and function. Identifying the damage caused by ROS and RNS is important to predict the pathway of apoptosis due to stress in PC12 cells. The first defense mechanisms against them are antioxidants which act in various pathways through important cellular organelles like the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Specific biomarkers like Gadd153 which is a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress, Nrf2 which responds to the redox changes and translocates the antioxidant response elements, and Btg2 which is an antioxidant regulator have not been addressed in different stress conditions previously in PC12 cells. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the gene expression pattern (SOD, Catalase, Btg2, Gadd153, and Nrf2) and the protein expression pattern (iNOS and MnSOD) of the antioxidant stress markers in differential stress-induced PC12 cells. Peroxynitrite (1 μM), rotenone (1 μM), H2O2(100 mM), and high glucose (33 mM) were used to induce oxidative and nitrosative stress in PC12 cells.

Results

The results obtained suggested that rotenone-induced PC12 cells showed a significant increase in the expression of catalase, Btg2, and Gadd153 compared to the control. Peroxynitrite-induced PC12 cells showed higher expression of Btg2 compared to the control. H2O2 and high glucose showed lesser expression compared to the control in all stress marker genes. In contrast, the Nrf2 gene expression is downregulated in all the stress-induced PC12 cells compared to the control. Further, MnSOD and iNOS protein expression studies suggest that PC12 cells exhibit a selective downregulation. Lower protein expression of MnSOD and iNOS may be resulted due to the mitochondrial dysfunction in peroxynitrite-, high glucose-, and H2O2-treated cells, whereas rotenone-induced cells showed lower expression, which could be the result of a dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum.

Conclusion

Different stress inducers like rotenone, peroxynitrite, H2O2, and high glucose increase the NO and ROS. Btg2 and Gadd153 genes were upregulated in the stress-induced cells, whereas the Nrf2 was significantly downregulated in differential stress-induced PC12 cells. Further, antioxidant marker genes were differentially expressed with different stress inducers.
From Arrival Stories to Origin Mythmaking: Missionaries in the Marshall Islands
Authors: Berta Ola Gunhildrud
Published: December 2020

In December 1857, Protestant missionaries arrived on Epoon Atoll to establish the first mission station in the Marshall Islands. The story of their arrival has historical interest and contemporary importance in the Marshalls because it has been used to form local theology and to shape contemporary identities. Thus, the arrival story of the first missionaries to the Marshall Islands functions as an origin story that serves religiously anchored identity construction on Epoon today. This article illuminates aspects of the arrival story that have been purposefully forgotten by Marshall Islanders and overlooked by academic historians and historically minded scholars.
A method to culture human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines as rhabdospheres demonstrates an enrichment in stemness and notch signaling
Authors: Slemmons Katherine K. , Deel Michael D. , Lin Yi-Tzu , Oristian Kristianne M. , Kuprasertkul Nina , Genadry Katia C. , Chen Po-Han , Chi Jen-Tsan Ashley , Linardic Corinne M.
Published: December 2020

The development of three-dimensional cell culture techniques has allowed cancer researchers to study the stemness properties of cancer cells in in vitro culture. However, a method to grow PAX3-FOXO1 fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS) - an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma of childhood - has to date not been reported, hampering efforts to identify the dysregulated signaling pathways that underlie FP-RMS stemness. Here, we first examine the expression of canonical stem cell markers in human RMS tumors and cell lines. We then describe a method to grow FP-RMS cell lines as rhabdospheres and demonstrate that these spheres are enriched in expression of canonical stemness factors as well as Notch signaling components. Specifically, FP-RMS rhabdospheres have increased expression of SOX2, POU5F1 (OCT4), and NANOG, and several receptors and transcriptional regulators in the Notch signaling pathway. FP-RMS rhabdospheres also exhibit functional stemness characteristics including multipotency, increased tumorigenicity in vivo, and chemoresistance. This method provides a novel practical tool to support research into FP-RMS stemness and chemoresistance signaling mechanisms.
A stem cell based in vitro model of NAFLD enables the analysis of patient specific individual metabolic adaptations in response to a high fat diet and AdipoRon interference
Authors: Graffmann Nina , Ncube Audrey , Martins Soraia , Fiszl Aurelian Robert , Reuther Philipp , Bohndorf Martina , Wruck Wasco , Beller Mathias , Czekelius Constantin , Adjaye James
Published: December 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial disease. Its development and progression depend on genetically predisposed susceptibility of the patient towards several hits which induce fat storage first and later inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from four distinct donors with varying disease stages into hepatocyte like cells (HLCs) and determined fat storage as well as metabolic adaptations after stimulations with oleic acid. We could recapitulate the complex networks that control lipid and glucose metabolism and we identified distinct gene expression profiles related to the steatosis phenotype of the donor. In an attempt to reverse the steatotic phenotype, cells were treated with the small molecule AdipoRon, a synthetic analogue of adiponectin. Although the responses varied between cells lines, they suggest a general influence of AdipoRon on metabolism, transport, immune system, cell stress and signalling.
Interaction of INPP5E with ARL13B is essential for its ciliary membrane retention but dispensable for its ciliary entry
Authors: Qiu Hantian , Fujisawa Sayaka , Nozaki Shohei , Katoh Yohei , Nakayama Kazuhisa
Published: December 2020

Compositions of proteins and lipids within cilia and on the ciliary membrane are maintained to be distinct from those of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane, respectively, by the presence of the ciliary gate. INPP5E is a phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase that is localized on the ciliary membrane by anchorage via its C-terminal prenyl moiety. In addition, the ciliary membrane localization of INPP5E is determined by the small GTPase ARL13B. However, it remained unclear as to how ARL13B participates in the localization of INPP5E. We here show that wild-type INPP5E, INPP5E(WT), in ARL13B-knockout cells and an INPP5E mutant defective in ARL13B binding, INPP5E(ΔCTS), in control cells were unable to show steady-state localization on the ciliary membrane. However, not only INPP5E(WT) but also INPP5E(ΔCTS) was able to rescue the abnormal localization of ciliary proteins in INPP5E-knockout cells. Analysis using the chemically induced dimerization system demonstrated that INPP5E(WT) in ARL13B-knockout cells and INPP5E(ΔCTS) in control cells were able to enter cilia, but neither was retained on the ciliary membrane due to the lack of the INPP5E–ARL13B interaction. Thus, our data demonstrate that binding of INPP5E to ARL13B is essential for its steady-state localization on the ciliary membrane but is dispensable for its entry into cilia.
Creencias, actitudes y emociones de un grupo de profesores de primaria en la enseñanza de temas sobre Educación Ambiental.
Authors: Carolina Herrera-López Adriana , Vázquez-Bernal Bartolomé
Published: December 2020

El dominio afectivo alude a una diversidad de sentimientos, no solo se limita a lo cognitivo, involucra ámbitos que explican la percepción y afectividad del sujeto respecto a las situaciones que lo rodean. El presente artículo busca identificar las creencias, actitudes y emociones del profesorado de primaria frente a la Educación Ambiental. Para ello, se desarrolla una investigación de tipo mixto, participan 40 profesores de los grados 3°, 4° y 5° de diez centros educativos del Valle de Aburrá (Colombia). Se diseña y aplica un cuestionario de escala Likert para reconocer el grado de acuerdo en torno a 18 variables, se elabora una entrevista y se analiza un caso, buscando complementar la investigación. Los resultados muestran una tendencia ambientalista, pese a que se expresan actitudes y emociones positivas, parece haber factores que condicionan el dominio afectivo. Se considera importante la formación inicial y continua del profesorado en Educación Ambiental.
Emociones y percepciones sobre indagación de profesorado en formación inicial.
Authors: García-Ruiz Cristina , Lupión-Cobos Teresa , Blanco-López Ángel
Published: December 2020

. En los últimos años, la investigación didáctica sobre el perfil emocional del profesorado ha ganado especial relevancia, dada la repercusión que su diagnóstico y autorregulación tienen en el proceso de enseñanza. El uso de enfoques innovadores, como la indagación, lleva además asociado una serie de emociones que pueden derivar en dificultades para su aplicación, resultando por tanto esencial incorporar su estudio en los programas de formación inicial. Por ello, este trabajo analiza las posibles relaciones entre las emociones asociadas a los procesos de indagación, la percepción sobre su aprendizaje y la aplicabilidad en las clases de ciencia, que manifiestan ocho profesores de secundaria en formación inicial de la especialidad de Física y Química del Máster de Profesorado. Se ha utilizado un método mixto en el que se emplea como instrumentos un cuestionario y las reflexiones de los participantes tras realizar una actividad de indagación. Los resultados muestran una percepción favorable a la indagación, con una prevalencia de emociones positivas, así como una mejora en la percepción del aprendizaje sobre las etapas de indagación tras completar la actividad. En general, observamos una predisposición a implementar este tipo de actividades, aunque no encontramos relación entre la percepción sobre la aplicabilidad y las emociones, pero sí con la percepción sobre su propio aprendizaje.
Emociones de estudiantes preuniversitarios en Ciencias Sociales con experiencias de gamificación.
Authors: Corrales Serrano Mario
Published: December 2020

El papel de las emociones en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje está adquiriendo mucha relevancia en la investigación educativa de los últimos años. Sin embargo, en el área de ciencias sociales, no son muchos los estudios que se han llevado a cabo a este respecto. El presente trabajo es un análisis de la incidencia de las emociones en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias sociales en experiencias didácticas que se han diseñado con metodología de gamificación. El objetivo principal es valorar la incidencia de esta metodología en la generación de emociones de cara al aprendizaje. La experiencia se ha llevado a cabo con 280 estudiantes de ESO y Bachillerato en materias de ciencias sociales. Para analizar los resultados se ha empleado una metodología de tipo cualitativo. Se han analizado fragmentos del diario de aprendizaje, en los que los estudiantes de la muestra se expresan acerca de cómo han vivido las experiencias didácticas de gamificación. El análisis se ha realizado mediante el software WebQDA, que permite extraer conclusiones del análisis de fuentes textuales. Los resultados apuntan a que, por un lado, hay una incidencia muy positiva de las emociones en las experiencias en las que se ha empleado la metodología de gamificación, aunque también se detecta que en algunos estudiantes se generan emociones que pueden complicar el aprendizaje.