bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The New Orleans Police Department: Hypertension Project
Authors: Scheer Elizabeth L. , Messerli Franz H. , Frolich Edward D. , Foxworth Gwendolyn D.
Published: September 2018

The New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) Hypertension Project was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a nurse-operated worksite clinic in identifying and reducing hypertension and related cardiovascular risk factors in a selected group of police department employees. A total of 1,017 individuals (70% of whom were white male police officers) were screened for hypertension and other risk factors. Of these, 129 had hypertension (BP greater than 140/90 mmHg) and were entered into one of four treatment protocols: 1) Comprehensive follow-up (those employees who consented to a history, physical examination, serum chemistry, and electrocardiogram, and subsequent pharmacological protocol treatment by the nurses at NOPD); 2) no medications (those employees with elevated blood pressure who elected not to receive any forms of pharmacotherapy, but agreed to other risk factor reduction; 3) thosewho received treatment by their private physicians; and 4) thosewho refused to participate in the program. The patients were followed for 24 months. In the first group, initial pressure levels of 144/98 were reduced to 129/84 (–15/ –14) mmHg. The second group of individuals, those who received no drugs, demonstrated a pressure reduction from 142/92 to 133/86 (– 9/ –6) mmHg. The third group, those treated by personal physicians, demonstrated little change in pressure (from 151/97 to 149/96 mmHg). Those who refused participation also showed no change in pressure (140/96 mmHg before and after). Risk factor modification occurred in variable percentages for the total population. These data support the concept that professional nurses can participate effectively in hypertension and risk factor modification at the worksite.
Pre-Retirement Planning: A Nursing Role
Authors: Neuhs Helen P.
Published: September 2018

Although nurses work with retirees and pre-retirees in a variety of different clinical settings, they have not traditionally been involved in pre-retirement planning. This article identifies topics important for pre-retirement planning and uses a university setting for preretirement seminars. A small group-facilitated interaction format was utilized to present the seminar content. These seminars were planned, implemented, and evaluated with direct nursing input and included many areas that are usually in the psychomotor and affective learning domains, such as, using time effectively and coping With stressors in retirement.
Violence and Sexual Harassment
Authors: Williams Margie Ford
Published: September 2018

This study sought to determine the prevalence and impact of violence and sexual harassment experienced by registered nurses (RNs) in their workplaces in Illinois. A random sample of 1,130 RNs were selected to participate in the mail survey. The instrument used was the Nurse Assault Survey originally developed by the Nurse Assault Project Team in Ontario, Canada, and modified by the author. Three hundred forty-five subjects completed the survey (response rate: 30%). Fifty-seven percent of those responding reported personal experience with some aspect of sexual harassment, and 26% reported being victimized by physical assault while on the job. About one third of those who indicated they had been sexually harassed also had been physically assaulted. Patients/clients were the most frequent perpetrators of sexual harassment and physical assault, while physicians committed over half of the sexual assaults. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between physical assault and levels of job satisfaction. A significant relationship also was found between sexual harassment and levels of job satisfaction. Results demonstrate that nurses need to take an active role in fostering a work environment free from violence and sexual harassment. They should be knowledgeable about institutional policies and, where none exist, they should work with administrators to develop them. Prevention and intervention programs should be developed for both student and registered nurses.
Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Authors: Fitzgerald Sheila T. , Hill Martha , Santamaria Barbara , Howard Cheryl , Jadack Rosemary
Published: September 2018

A regional sample of members of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN) from Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, and the District of Columbia was surveyed prior to the publication of the Expert Panel Report on Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma (time 1). The guidelines were disseminated directly to AAOHN members through an article in the AAOHN Journal and an annual convention plenary session presentation at which copies of the Report were distributed. They were disseminated indirectly through medical journals and government documents. A follow up survey of AAOHN members familiarity with and use of the Expert Panel Report was conducted 1 year later (time 2). Of the total eligible sample of 570 persons, 325 (57.0%) responded at time 1. Of these, 232 (71.4%) responded at time 2. One year after publication, 31 (13.4%) of the nurses participating in the time 2 survey were aware of the Report, 16 (6.9%) reported having an available copy of the Report, 31 (13.4%) were familiar with the recommendations in the Report, 17 (7.3%) referred to the guidelines, and 34 (14.7%) based care on the guidelines. Multiple direct dissemination strategies of consensus guidelines to improve practice will be necessary if nurses' awareness and use are to be enhanced.
Health Care Worker Incidents Reported in a Rural Health Care Facility
Authors: Nelson Mary Linnea , Olson Debra Kay
Published: September 2018

About eight million workers, or 6.4% of the total United States work force, are employed by the health care industry. Frequency of injury has continued to rise from 6 per 100 full time workers in 1980 to over 10 in 1992 (US Department of Labor, 1994). This descriptive, retrospective study characterizes host, agent, and environmental variables for 120 incidents reported in 1990 at a rural nursing home and acute care hospital with 290 employees. Incident is defined as an event that results in injury or has the potential to result in an injury. Based on an estimate of full time equivalents (190.4 FTE) calculated at 9 months, the incident rate per 100 FTEs was 63 for this facility. Injury was reported in 114 incidents, resulting in an overall injury rate per 100 FTEs of 59.9. Sprains and strains were the most frequently reported nature of injury followed by cuts, lacerations, and punctures. Female and male workers reported similar proportions of incidents. At midyear, 85% of the employee population was female, 15% male. Females represented 83.3% of the subjects reporting incidents; males represented 16.7%. These data from a small rural facility differ from many of the findings on the injury experience of health care workers reported in the literature.
A Workplace Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Schrammel Peggy , Griffiths Robert I. , Griffiths Claudia B.
Published: September 2018

Screening for breast cancer can result in early detection of malignancies and lives saved. Many employers now offer periodic screening as an employee health benefit, and some have established screening programs in the workplace. This study was performed to identify the employer costs of breast cancer screening in the workplace, referrals for suspicious findings, and initial treatment of malignant disease. Additionally, the costs for these same services, had they been obtained outside of a workplace screening program, were estimated. Data on program components and associated costs for an established employer based breast cancer screening program were obtained. These costs were compared to those among a hypothetical cohort of women not enrolled in the workplace screening program.

From 1989 through 1995, 1,416 women participated in the program. Nearly 2,500 screening mammograms and approximately 2,773 clinical breast examinations were performed, resulting in 292 referrals to physicians outside of the program for additional diagnostic procedures and treatment as needed. These referrals resulted in the detection of 12 malignancies: 8 Stage I; 3 Stage II; and 1 Stage III. Mammographic and clinical breast examination screening cost $249,041; referrals resulting in benign disease or no detectable disease cost $185,002; and referrals resulting in malignant disease, followed by initial treatment, cost $148,530. Therefore, the total cost was $582,573. Approximately 47% of the cost of referrals and initial treatment were due to employee lost productivity. Total cost in the hypothetical cohort was $1,067,948 under the assumptions that all women received screening outside of the workplace, and that the same number of malignancies were detected at the same stage as in the workplace program.

These findings indicate referrals resulting in detection of benign disease or no disease accounted for a substantial proportion of the total cost of the program. In addition, employee lost productivity accounted for almost 50% of the cost of all referrals and initial treatment. Workplace screening is a relatively efficient approach for early detection of breast cancer when compared to off site screening or no screening. The efficiency could be improved with a reduction in the number and cost of unnecessary referrals.
Perceived Psychological Stress and Upper Extremity Cumulative Trauma Disorders
Authors: Strasser Patricia B. , Lusk Sally L. , Franzblau Alfred , Armstrong Thomas J.
Published: September 2018

This report presents data exploring the relationship between perceived psychological stress and several variables implicated in the etiology of upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders (UECTDs). The sample was 354 workers from three different manufacturing companies. The primary job exposure for the subjects was that they were engaged in jobs that involved repetitious movements of the upper extremities, primarily of the hands and arms. Data collection included a detailed health history, a comprehensive physical examination of the upper extremities, limited electrodiagnostic testing, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale, Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, demographic information, and a measurement of repetition.

Descriptive analyses, analysis of variance, correlational analyses, and multiple linear regression were used to examine the data. Perceived stress, as measured in this study, was only weakly associated with repetition, job dissatisfaction, and subjective complaints related to UECTDs. In addition, factors generally accepted as related to UECTDs (e.g., repetition, female gender, hormonal influences, and existing medical conditions) were not robust predictors of perceived stress. The major limitation is related to the measurement of perceived psychological stress. Like most psychosocial phenomena, perceived stress is a complex construct, one that is difficult to measure and correlate with health outcomes. Further research is necessary to examine what role, if any, perceived stress may have in the etiology of UECTDs.
Reducing Perceived Physical Stress While Transferring Residents
Authors: Owen Bernice D. , Fragala Guy
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this small study was to compare the physical exertion felt by nursing staff while transferring non-weight bearing residents from bed to chair and chair to bed using various methods of transfer. Another goal was to compare the residents' feelings of comfort and security using these transfer methods. Transfers using a specially designed chair that included a friction reducing transfer pad with handles were compared with transfers using a mechanical lift and a gait belt. Nursing personnel rated their perceived exertion immediately after the transfers; residents rated their feelings of comfort and security immediately after the transfer. Perceived physical exertion to shoulders, upper back, low back, and body were significantly decreased when using the chair and transfer pad. Residents reported feeling more comfortable and more secure while being transferred via the chair and pad versus the traditional methods of transfer in and out of bed.
Investigation of seismic attributes, depositional environments, and hydrocarbon sweet-spot distribution in the Serbin field, Taylor Formation, Southeast Texas
Authors: Ogiesoba Osareni C. , Ambrose William A. , Loucks Robert G.
Published: September 2018

We have conducted seismic-attribute analysis at the Serbin field — in an area straddling Lee, Fayette, and Bastrop Counties and covering approximately [Formula: see text] (approximately [Formula: see text]) — using new, reprocessed, 3D seismic data to provide additional understanding of depositional environments and better predict the distribution of hydrocarbon sweet spots. We converted the 3D seismic volume into a log-lithology volume and integrated core data to examine the distribution of lithology and interpret depositional environments. By conducting multiattribute analysis, we predicted resistivity (deep-induction log) volume and generated a resistivity map to identify hydrocarbon sweet spots. Our results show that reservoir sandstones in the Serbin field are storm-dominated, shelf-sand deposits. Although individual sandstone beds are lenticular and discontinuous, they collectively constitute a sheet-like geometry, trending northeast to southwest. On the basis of resistivity maps and rock property versus seismic-amplitude crossplots, we differentiated reservoirs in the lower Taylor Formation into two zones: (1) a northwest, high-resistivity, high-acoustic impedance zone and (2) a southeast, low-resistivity, low-acoustic impedance zone. The results also indicated that hydrocarbon sweet spots in the Serbin field are characterized by high resistivity and high impedance. Furthermore, the log-lithology method, although fast and effective, is limited because it cannot take into account sandstone zones having low acoustic impedance.
Role of CXCL13 in the formation of the meningeal tertiary lymphoid organ in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Londoño Ana C. , Mora Carlos A.
Published: September 2018

Immunomodulatory therapies available for the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) accomplish control and neutralization of peripheral immune cells involved in the activity of the disease cascade but their spectrum of action in the intrathecal space and brain tissue is limited, taking into consideration the persistence of oligoclonal bands and the variation of clones of lymphoid cells throughout the disease span. In animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the presence of CXCL13 has been associated with disease activity and the blockade of this chemokine could work as a potential complementary therapeutic strategy in patients with MS in order to postpone disease progression. The development of therapeutic alternatives with ability to modify the intrathecal inflammatory activity of the meningeal tertiary lymphoid organ to ameliorate neurodegeneration is mandatory.
FastQ Screen: A tool for multi-genome mapping and quality control
Authors: Wingett Steven W. , Andrews Simon
Published: September 2018

DNA sequencing analysis typically involves mapping reads to just one reference genome. Mapping against multiple genomes is necessary, however, when the genome of origin requires confirmation. Mapping against multiple genomes is also advisable for detecting contamination or for identifying sample swaps which, if left undetected, may lead to incorrect experimental conclusions. Consequently, we present FastQ Screen, a tool to validate the origin of DNA samples by quantifying the proportion of reads that map to a panel of reference genomes. FastQ Screen is intended to be used routinely as a quality control measure and for analysing samples in which the origin of the DNA is uncertain or has multiple sources.
Analysis of Memory Footprints of Sparse Matrices Partitioned Into Uniformly-Sized Blocks
Authors: Langr Daniel , Šimeček Ivan
Published: September 2018

The presented study analyses memory footprints of 563 representative benchmark sparse matrices with respect to their partitioning into uniformly-sized blocks. Different block sizes and different ways of storing blocks in memory are considered and statistically evaluated. Memory footprints of partitioned matrices are then compared with their lower bounds and CSR, index-compressed CSR, and EBF storage formats. The results show that blocking-based storage formats may significantly reduce memory footprints of sparse matrices arising from a wide range of application domains. Additionally, measured consistency of results is presented and discussed, benefits of individual formats for storing blocks are evaluated, and an analysis of best-case and worst-case matrices is provided for in-depth understanding of causes of memory savings of blocking-based formats.
Exact and Heuristic Data Workflow Placement Algorithms for Big Data Computing in Cloud Datacenters
Authors: Ikken Sonia , Renault Eric , Tari Abdelkamel , Kechadi Tahar
Published: September 2018

Several big data-driven applications are currently carried out in collaboration using distributed infrastructure. These data-driven applications usually deal with experiments at massive scale.  Data generated by such experiments are huge and stored at multiple geographic locations for reuse. Workflow systems, composed of jobs using collaborative task-based models, present new dependency and data exchange needs. This gives rise to new issues when selecting distributed data and storage resources so that the execution of applications is on time, and resource usage-cost-efficient. In this paper, we present an efficient data placement approach to improve the performance of workflow processing in distributed data centres. The proposed approach involves two types of data: splittable and unsplittable intermediate data. Moreover, we place intermediate data by considering not only their source location but also their dependencies. The main objective is to minimise the total storage cost, including the effort for transferring, storing, and moving that data according to the applications needs. We first propose an exact algorithm which takes into account the intra-job dependencies, and we show that the optimal fractional intermediate data placement problem is NP-hard. To solve the problem of unsplittable intermediate data placement, we propose a greedy heuristic algorithm based on a network flow optimisation framework. The experimental results show that the performance of our approach is very promising.  We also show  that even with divergent conditions, the cost ratio of the heuristic approach is close to the optimal solution.
Evaluating The Scalability of Big Data Frameworks
Authors: Sanchez David , Solarte Oswaldo , Bucheli Victor , Ordonez Hugo
Published: September 2018

The aim of this paper is to present a method based on the Isoefficiency for assessing the scalability in big data environments. The programs word count and sort were implemented and compared in Hadoop and Spark. The results confirm that isoefficiency presented a linear growth as the size of the data sets was increased. It was experimentally confronted that the evaluated frameworks are scalable and a model of the form Y (s) = β X(s)$ where β ≈[0.47-0.85] <1 was obtained. The paper discuss how the scalability in big data is governed by a constant of scalability (β).
A comparison of screw versus drill and curettage epiphysiodesis to correct leg-length discrepancy
Authors: Troy M. , Shore B. , Miller P. , Mahan S. , Hedequist D. , Heyworth B. , Kasser J. , Spencer S. , Glotzbecker M.
Published: September 2018

Purpose

To compare two common surgical techniques of epiphysiodesis: drill/curettage epiphysiodesis (PDED) versus cross screw epiphysiodesis (PETS). The hypothesis is that the two techniques have similar efficacy but demonstrate differences in length of hospital stay (LOS), time to return to activity and complication rates.

Methods

A retrospective review of growing children and adolescents less than 18 years old who required an epiphysiodesis with leg-length discrepancy (LLD) of 2 cm to 6 cm with minimum two years of follow-up was conducted. Characteristics including age at surgery, gender, epiphysiodesis location, side, operative time, LOS and hardware removal were compared across treatment groups. LLD, expected growth remaining (EGR) and bone age were determined preoperatively and at most-recent visit. The correction ratio (change in EGR) was calculated along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess if correction in leg length was achieved.

Results

A total of 115 patients underwent epiphysiodesis in the femur (53%), tibia (24%) or a combination (24%). The cohort was 47% male, with a mean age of 12.6 years (7.7 to 17.7) at surgery. Median follow-up was 3.7 years (2.0 to 12.7). In all, 23 patients underwent PETS and 92 patients had PDED. Both treatment groups achieved expected LLD correction. There was no significant difference in median operative time, complication rates or LOS. PETS patients returned to activity at a mean 1.4 months (interquartile range (IQR) 0.7 to 2.1) while PDED patients returned at a mean 2.4 months (IQR 1.7 to 3) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Effectiveness in achieving expected correction, LOS and operative time are similar between screw and drill/curettage epiphysiodesis. Patients undergoing PETS demonstrated a faster return to baseline activity than patients with PDED.

Level of Evidence

III
Validation of a method for analysis of glyphosate and AMPA in drinking water using ion chromatography
Authors: Fiori Raquel , Albano Filipe Medeiros , Passos Ismael Storck , Marques Tiago Queiroz
Published: September 2018

A análise de resíduos de agrotóxicos em água é um dos requisitos da legislação de potabilidade ligadas à saúde humana. A análise de cromatografia iônica (CI) é uma alternativa técnica que vem contribuir para quantificação do herbicida glifosato e seu metabólito ácido amino metil fosfônico (AMPA) em água de consumo humano por ser rápida de preparo (filtrar e injetar), alta seletividade, boa precisão e exatidão. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver e validar este método para análise direta destes agrotóxicos, sem etapa de tratamento da amostra ou derivatização. Na validação proposta foram considerados os parâmetros de seletividade, exatidão e precisão, limites de detecção e quantificação, linearidade e estimativa de incerteza de medição. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que esta técnica é adequada e apresenta boa sensibilidade para a quantificação destes analitos na matriz água, sendo os resultados da validação apropriados frente aos limites máximos de concentração estipulados na Portaria 2914/11 do Ministério da Saúde.
The Emerging Role of Bioinformatics in Biotechnology
Authors: Tabassum Khan Nida
Published: September 2018

Bioinformatic tools is widely used to manage the enormous genomic and proteomic data involving DNA/protein sequences management, drug designing, homology modelling, motif/domain prediction ,docking, annotation and dynamic simulation etc. Bioinformatics offers a wide range of applications in numerous disciplines such as genomics. Proteomics, comparative genomics, nutrigenomics, microbial genome, biodefense, forensics etc. Thus it offers promising future to accelerate scientific research in biotechnology
Giant cyst of the antecubital fossa in a female patient with rheumatoid arthritis (A case report)
Authors: Roskidailo A. A.
Published: September 2018

The paper describes a case of rheumatoid arthritis in a 58-year-old female patient who sought medical advice for complaints of a massive soft tissue tumor upon the anterior and lateral surfaces of the left elbow joint. Left elbow bursitis was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a relationship between the massive tumor (anastomoses) and the joint. A surgical intervention was undertaken. A cyst consisting of two components was excised; anterolateral synovectomy and plastic surgery of the anterior elbow joint capsule were performed. The patient was examined 6 months later; the result was satisfactory.
Assessment of organization of medical care and drug provision for patients with rheumatic diseases, and the socioeconomic burden of these diseases in the Russian Federation
Authors: Lila A. M. , Dreval R. О. , Shipitsyn V. V.
Published: September 2018

This article reviews data on the assessment of the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA, arthropathic psoriasis), as well as related disability and the economic burden of these nosological entities, including their therapy with biological agents. It considers the issues of organization and quality of medical care, drug supply, normative and legal regulation. The paper also shows the important epidemiological and socioeconomic importance of RA, AS, and PsA in Russia, points out the regional peculiarities of medical care and drug provision, and proposes solutions for their optimization at the federal and local levels. In preparing this investigation, the authors have taken into account the opinions of many specialists and experts in this field from different subjects of the Russian Federation.
Ankylosing spondylitis and pregnancy: a current view on the problem
Authors: Krichevskaya O. A. , Gandaloeva Z. M. , Dubinina Т. V.
Published: September 2018

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) more often develops in the 3rd and 4th decade of life when many women think about motherhood. Today, the view which has prevailed since the middle of the 20th century on AS as a male disease has been revised; the male to female ratio for this disease is approaching 1:1, which makes it urgent to study the problem of pregnancy in AS. The review gives the data available in the literature on fertility in AS, the interaction of the latter and pregnancy, and drug therapy during gestation. There is evidence for further investigations to clarify the course of AS, to optimize the assessment of its activity and patients' functional status, to identify markers for an exacerbation of the disease during pregnancy and after childbirth, and to standardize drug therapy when preparing for pregnancy and during the latter.
Prevalence of hyperuricemia in professional athletes and its role in the genesis of various pathological conditions and metabolic disturbances
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Vykhodets I. Т. , Kruglova I. V. , Chikina M. N. , Zhelyabina O. V. , Ilyinykh E. V. , Zholinsky A. V. , Dodonov S. V. , Lila A. M. , Nasonov Е. L.
Published: September 2018

In recent decades, the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HU) is increasing worldwide; the role of uric acid (UA) in the genesis of various metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney disease is being discussed. There are very few investigations of the rate of HU and its role in the development of diseases in certain social groups, including in professional athletes.

Objective:to estimate the prevalence of HU and its role in the genesis of various pathological conditions and metabolic disturbances in professional athletes.

Patients and methods.A retrospective comparative one-stage study was conducted, for which 2148 athletes who met inclusion criteria were selected and examined in the Federal Research and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Federal Biomedical Agency, in 2015. A control group consisted of 99 ageand sex-matched healthy volunteers examined at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology in 2017. The analysis included a comparison of the rate of HU and other examined parameters in professional athletes and healthy volunteers. The examined parameters were separately compared in athletes with/without HU, followed by statistical processing of results.

Results.HU was detected in 306 (14.2%) of the 2148 athletes, more often in men (n=253 (20%) than in women (n=53 (6%); (p<0.001). The rate of HU in the athletes was comparable with that in the healthy population (12.1%). The athletes with HU (n=306) compared with the other athletes (n=1842) had the following statistically higher indicators: the mean serum levels of creatinine, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, creatinine phosphokinase, and myoglobin, glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index (BMI) (p<0.00001 for all cases).

Conclusion.HU is detected quite often in professional athletes (14.2%), which is comparable with the indicators seen in healthy volunteers (12.1%). The high prevalence of HU and its association with indicators reflecting kidney function, lipid metabolic disturbances, and BMI necessitate further investigations aimed at searching the causes of HU and methods of its prevention and treatment in professional athletes.
Growing-Season Temperature Change across Four Decades in an Arctic Tundra Pond
Authors: McEwen Daniel C. , Butler Malcolm G.
Published: September 2018

We examined temperature dynamics across a 42-year period in a low-centered tundra polygon pond on the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska to assess potential changes in thermal dynamics for ponds of this type. Using water temperature data from a pond near Barrow (now Utqiaġvik), Alaska, studied intensively during 1971 – 73 and again in 2007 – 12, we built an empirical model coupling historical air temperatures to measured pond temperatures for four summers. We then used the model to predict summer pond temperatures over a 42-year span, including 1974 – 2008, for which direct aquatic temperature records do not exist. Average pond temperatures during the growing season (1 May through 31 October) increased by 0.5˚C decade-1 or 2.2˚C over the 42-year period. Our simulations predicted the average date of spring thaw for the pond as 2 June (± 3 d), which did not change over the 42-year time period. However, average pond temperature during the first 30 days of the growing season increased from 1971 to 2012, suggesting that recently, ponds are warmer in early spring. The average date of pond sediment freeze over the 42 years shifted later by 15 days, from 28 September in 1971 to 13 October in 2012. These changes correspond to a growing season that has increased in length by 14 days, from 118 days in 1971 to 132 days in 2012. Contemporary temperature measurements in other shallow tundra ponds in northern Alaska show a high degree of temporal coherence (r = 0.93 – 0.99), which warrants the general conclusion that tundra ponds on Alaska’s Arctic Coastal Plain have undergone a significant change in thermal dynamics over the past four decades. Our results provide a means to incorporate these pond types into larger-scale simulations of Arctic climate change.
Changes in Isotopic Niches across Stages of the Annual Cycle in the Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea)
Authors: Pratte Isabeau , Boadway Kelly A. , Diamond Antony W. , Mallory Mark L.
Published: September 2018

Arctic Terns (Sterna paradisaea) are iconic seabirds of polar latitudes, whose successful reproduction is thought to depend on local food supplies near breeding colonies. We used stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in eggs, blood, and feathers of terns breeding in the Canadian High Arctic to compare their isotopic niche between life history stages and between two years. The isotopic niche of terns was smaller during incubation than during pre-breeding or winter. Over two breeding seasons, isotopic profiles of Arctic Terns suggested the high importance of local, exogenous nutrient supplies to form eggs (i.e., an income breeding strategy). Our results illustrate that using stable isotopes to assess the niche of a seabird population during critical periods of its annual cycle could be an essential tool in determining the influence that local forage conditions have on breeding decisions, especially for species that mostly rely on exogenous sources of nutrients and energy for egg production.
Previsão de custos de fabricação de moldes para injeção de termoplásticos
Authors: Lanzer Edgar Augusto , Steffani Giancarlo , Gonçalves Thiago Pinto
Published: September 2018

Neste artigo foi avaliado o desempenho de critérios distintos utilizados para estimativa de equações de previsão de custos de fabricação. Foram utilizados dados reais de variáveis descritivas e custos de 22 moldes de injeção para a estimar os coeficientes de regressão sob quatro critérios distintos: minimização de soma de quadrados dois erros, da soma de módulos dos erros, da soma de erros em relação à estimativa de um envelopamento superior e da soma de erros em relação a um envelopamento inferior. O critério de avaliação de desempenho foi o de menor média dos módulos dos erros percentuais médio e previsão. Para estimar estes erros foram usadas informações de uma amostra independente constituída de quatro moldes confeccionados após a obtenção das equações de previsão. Nesta pesquisa o critério de ajuste da equação de previsão por envelopamento superior apresentou a menor média dos módulos dos erros percentuais. Todavia a previsão foi bastante distante do custo de fabricação efetivo em um dos quatro moldes da amostra independente.
FMEA de um processo de fabricação de lâmpadas tubulares de LED
Authors: Zaroni Jonas Simões , Prudêncio Régis Alexandre Nascimento , Prado Matheus , Correia João Paulo Silva , Prudêncio Renan Luiz Nascimento
Published: September 2018

Neste artigo é apresentado a definição do LED (Light Emitting Diode) e seu funcionamento e como ocorre o processo de fabricação de lâmpadas tubulares. Posterior a explanação do processo produtivo será feita uma proposta de aplicação do Failure Mode and Effect Analisys (FMEA) com ênfase no processo produtivo de lâmpadas de LED tubular a fim de detectar as possíveis falhas com o intuito de propor melhorias no processo para que o mesmo se torne mais eficiente e eficaz reduzindo os gastos da empresa relacionados diretamente ao processo em uma empresa de eletrônicos localizada no Sul de Minas Gerais. Assim este artigo objetiva-se em apresentar um FMEA de processo de lâmpadas de Led, sendo este trabalho uma pesquisa-ação. Foi possível notar através do FMEA que a placa do LED é o item cujas causas devem ser eliminadas e suas ações recomendadas realizadas, prioritariamente, devido aos seus efeitos no produto final. Os defeitos causados por tais falhas são detectados apenas na fase de teste ou pelo consumidor final causando transtorno, pois estas falhas não podem ser corrigidas com manutenção e sim com a troca do componente. Tal falha acarreta um maior custo para a empresa e uma insatisfação para o consumidor. Vale ressaltar que o resultado deste trabalho foi disponibilizado aos responsáveis pela empresa em questão. E cabe os mesmos decidirem ou não pela utilização do FMEA proposto neste trabalho.
Mensuração do custo em torno do tempo por meio do TDABC numa indústria de confecções de produção continua
Authors: Panucci-Filho Laurindo , Da Silva Zonatto Vinícius Costa
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo, num primeiro plano, faz um levantamento da literatura base que discute o Sistema de Custeio TDABC e apresenta uma comparação com o Sistema de Custeio ABC, discorre sobre as diferenças apresentadas pelos autores seminais do TDABC e ABC e, no segundo, apresenta um estudo de caso com a metodologia base, numa indústria manufatureira do setor de confecções. A metodologia é o estudo de casos e ex-post-facto, se valendo de informações de informações coletadas em ambiente campo, por meio de entrevista. O tratamento de dados obtidos na empresa estuda foi tabulado em planilha eletrônica, de onde se obteve informações para a formação do Custo por minuto, num período de 13 meses. Objetivou-se delinear uma aplicação do sistema TDABC indústria de confecções, com produção contínua e verificar se o modelo atende à necessidade de custeamento da empresa. O estudo mostra que o modelo aplicado na empresa do estudo, atende as decisões dos gestores, pois se obteve informações do entrevistado que a empresa não pretende adotar um sistema de custeio complexo, em função de experiências anteriores, e que somente o custo relativo ao tempo apresentado pelos relatórios neste artigo já satisfazem as decisões mais importantes
Custos da qualidade em indústria de transformação de produtos siderúrgicos
Authors: De Oliveira Diogo , Dos Santos Antonio José
Published: September 2018

A competitividade comercial tem motivado cada vez mais as empresas em garantirem que seus produtos atendam aos padrões exigidos pelo mercado. Para isso, a qualidade e o controle dos processos produtivos tornam-se aliados importantes na garantia de que os produtos finais apresentem as características desejadas pelo cliente. Neste artigo faz-se uma análise do custo da qualidade pelo sistema de custeio ABC, em uma organização que tradicionalmente utiliza o método de custeio por centro de custo Este método foi utilizado em uma empresa siderúrgica com o objetivo de realizar uma análise quantitativa dos custos da não qualidade empregados na organização, tendo como processo escolhido uma linha de tubos industriais. Esta área foi desmembrada a fim de tornar visível todos os defeitos originados na linha produtiva em um determinado período. Por meio de uma pesquisa no sistema de custeio da organização o artigo buscou destacar a diferença entre as formas de custeio por centro de custo (RKW) e o sistema de custeio por atividade (ABC), visto o resultado positivo apresentado no artigo no que se refere ao beneficio de segregação das atividades e no repasse dos custos indiretos aos clientes, o sistema de custeio ABC foi sugerido para a organização. Como uma consideração final, o artigo sugere a ampliação desse sistema de custeio de forma que todas as linhas de produção tenham um relatório por completo dos custos da não qualidade e dos problemas originados em cada atividade, assim a empresa deterá do resultado global do passivo gerado. Vale ressaltar que este artigo teve como principio apenas indicar o caminho a ser seguido pela organização, com um item que afeta diretamente os custos da empresa.
Solusi Jalan Satu Arah di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Romadhona Prima J.
Published: September 2018

Berbanding  linear  dengan  pesatnya  pembangunan  tata  guna  lahan  yang  ada,  Yogyakarta  berkembang menjadi suatu kota modern dengan mobilitas yang tinggi. Namun, infrastruktur jalan di Kota Yogyakarta saat  ini  belum  dapat  memfasilitasi  penambahan  kendaraan  bermotor  yang  sangat  cepat  sehingga kemacetan  menjadi  hal  yang  sering  dilihat  di  beberapa  lokasi.  Kebijakan  jangka  pendek  yang  bisa ditempuh  untuk  mengurangi  kemacetan  adalah  melakukan  sistem  jalan  satu  arah.  Artikel  ini  memuat kajian  kinerja  simulasi  jalan  satu  arah  pada  dua  loop  terindentifikasi  kemacetan,  yaitu  Loop  I:  Jalan Prawirotaman-Sisingamangaraja-Parangtritis-  Menukan  dan  Loop  II:  Jalan  Pramuka-  Gambiran Selatan-Perintis Kemerdekaan Barat.  Data primer berasal dari survei kecepatan dan volume kendaraan pada kedua loop tersebut dan didukung oleh data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Dinas Perhubungan Kota Yogyakarta.  Kedua  data  tersebut  menjadi  materi  untuk  disimulasikan  dengan  software  PTV  VISSIM sehingga  didapatkan  kinerja  jalan  sebelum  dan  sesudah  menggunakan  metode  satu  arah.  Hasilnya, terjadi  peningkatan  kinerja  dengan  menurunnya  derajat  jenuh  sebesar55%  dan  peningkatan  kecepatan hingga mencapai 19% pada ruas jalan yang diberlakukan manajemen lalu lintas satu arah. Di sisi lain penerapan  lalu  lintas  satu  arah  berefek  pada  penurunan  kinerja  pada  ruas  jalan  di  sekitarnya  dengan meningkatnya  derajat  jenuh  sebesar  4%  tapi  terjadi  peningkatan  kecepatan  5%  di  ruas  jalan  yang  lain lagi.
„Kto znał – niech wspomni” o prywatnych nekrologach rocznicowych w czeskiej, słowackiej i polskiej prasie
Authors: Olchowa Gabriela
Published: September 2018

Przedmiotem zainteresowania uczyniono nekrologi z okazji rocznicy śmierci zmarłego ogłaszane przez jego bliskich. Celem było ustalenie struktury tego gatunku funeralnego, opisanie wykorzystanych środków językowych i podanie typowych cech. Na podstawie konfrontatywnych badań wskazano różnice i podobieństwa. Analizie poddano prywatne nekrologi rocznicowe zamieszczone w czeskiej, słowackiej i polskiej prasie lokalnej, które ukazały się od 1.08.2017 do 31.12.2017 roku. Wydzielono stałe komponenty tworzące strukturę badanych tekstów: data rocznicy śmierci, dane identyfikujące zmarłego, wspomnienie, podpis nadawcy. Najbardziej wyodrębniają się nekrologi polskie, ponieważ jako jedyne stanowią nie tylko wspomnienie o śmierci bliskiego, ale przede wszystkim zawiadamiają o mszy świętej odprawianej w intencji zmarłego lub zapraszają na wspólną modlitwę, co poświadcza głęboko zakorzenioną w Polsce tradycję i wpływ chrześcijaństwa na kulturę polską. Z kolei najwięcej wspólnych cech mają nekrologi czeskie i słowackie, które poza niewielkim różnicami są tożsame. Stwierdzono, że badane teksty mają stereotypową konstrukcję, częstokrotnie powielane schematy i formuliczny kształt językowy. Wyodrębniona i najważniejsza część poświęcona jest zmarłemu, który ukazany jest z punktu widzenia żałobników i poprzez uczucia jakie żywią do niego, natomiast formuły finalne różnicują nekrologi w obrębie poszczególnych języków. Badania potwierdziły, że wyraz pamięci o zmarłym w rocznicę jego śmierci to zwyczajowe zachowanie w kulturach zachodniosłowiańskich.
Imagen de grupo de los ciudadanos, diálogo y política deliberativa en México (1968 y 2011)
Authors: Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo se comparan aspectos discursivos generados por dos movimientos de ciudadanos en México: el movimiento estudiantil de 1968 y el Movimiento por la Paz con Justicia y Dignidad, que comenzó el primer trimestre del año 2011. Se comprueba que, en el período comprendido entre 1968 y 2011, los ciudadanos mexicanos atribuyen a su imagen social de grupo un papel central para exigir el reconocimiento de su identidad ciudadana ante los gobernantes, como condición sine qua non del diálogo deliberativo. Para enmarcar las actividades de presentación, reconocimiento y aceptación de la imagen de grupo por las partes en conflicto, se describe la estructura general de los mecanismos de interacción verbal. Se observa que la política deliberativa ciudadana a
principios del siglo XXI presenta rasgos de inmediatez comunicativa, a diferencia de la distancia comunicativa propia de la década de 1960.
Una aproximación a la segregación digital metropolitana y urbana: las comarcas de la provincia de Barcelona y los distritos de la ciudad de Barcelona en el año 2000
Authors: Chaparro Mendivelso Jeffer
Published: September 2018

La segregación digital se refiere a la diferenciación en cuanto al acceso y al uso de las tecnologías digitales de la información y la comunicación (TDIC ). Esa diferenciación puede establecerse tanto en términos sociodemográficos como territoriales. El artículo que se presenta es un intento de perfilar la segregación digital en las escalas regional y local, específicamente en las comarcas de la provincia de Barcelona y en los distritos de la ciudad de Barcelona en el año 2000. El uso de información a nivel de hogares permitió constatar territorialmente la existencia de algunas variables sociodemográficas que influyen en la conexión a Internet.
Reflexiones sobre las concepciones de conflicto en la geografía humana
Authors: Peña Reyes Luis Berneth
Published: September 2018

El artículo presenta unas notas sobre el análisis de conflictos en la geografía humana en la perspectiva de la constitución de una geografía de los conflictos. El texto está dividido en dos partes. En la primera, se define el conflicto desde la geografía política. En la segunda, se muestra cómo en cada uno de los dominios de la geografía humana se entiende y se tratan los conflictos empleando la matriz geográfica o matriz de la espacialidad, donde se tratan tres grande dominios, a saber: el dominio de la relaciones sociedad-naturaleza; el dominio de las relaciones entre la espacialidad y la sociedad, y el dominio de la relaciones de los sujetos con los lugares. El texto termina con una breve referencia al significado de una geografía de los conflictos.
La gestión de los recursos hídricos a la luz de la ecología política: un debate sobre el control público versus el control privado del agua en Brasil
Authors: Leão Bordalo Carlos Alexandre
Published: September 2018

El presente trabajo busca contribuir con el debate sobre los modelos de gestión del agua adoptados en las cuencas hidrográficas brasileñas. Estos modelos tratan al recurso hídrico como un bien común bajo el control y regulación de la comunidad, o como un bien privado a través de leyes e instrumentos económicos de mercado, mediante las intervenciones del Estado (control público). El debate se extiende a la comprensión de las diferentes formas de concepción del acceso, la apropiación y el uso de los recursos hídricos en Brasil.
Análisis de la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la precipitación en una microcuenca urbana, Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Sandoval Erasmo Alfredo , Camacho B. Luis A. , Villareal P. Jacobo , Jiménez Alejandro , Santos R. Ana Carolina , Duarte B. María Del Pilar
Published: September 2018

Los diseños de alcantarillados pluviales y combinados normalmente se realizan bajo el supuesto de que la precipitación es constante en tiempo y espacio para áreas inferiores a 1 km2. Con el fin de aportar al conocimiento de la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la precipitación en cuencas urbanas de este tipo, y de determinar su impacto en el diseño de alcantarillados y, más aún, en los caudales de escorrentía obtenidos a partir de la aplicación de modelos  matemáticos rigurosamente calibrados y validados, se ha instrumentado densamente la microcuenca urbana del campus de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá. En este artículo se describen los análisis detallados del evento más importante en términos de intensidad y precipitación total.
El entorno local como objeto de estudio y de aplicación del saber geoambiental. Una experiencia práctica en Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay
Authors: Benítez Martínez Gabriela Ethel
Published: September 2018

Este texto presenta la importancia de los métodos de aprendizaje, tanto para la enseñanza de la geografía, como para la prevención y atención de problemas socioambientales concretos. Para este propósito, se expondrá el análisis de una experiencia pedagógica llevada a cabo con estudiantes de secundaria, en torno al impacto de las acciones humanas avaladas, en forma directa e indirecta, por las autoridades gubernamentales locales y nacionales sobre el sistema de humedales que forman parte de la franja costera de la ciudad de Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay. Se espera demostrar cómo la enseñanza de la geografía en la secundaria, desde una postura reflexiva, crítica y activa, favorece el desarrollo de capacidades cognitivas en los educandos que redundan en la formación de individuos responsables, autónomos y con capacidad crítica, capaces de dar soluciones y tomar decisiones con respecto a problemas concretos como el arriba enunciado.
Interpretação da paisagem: uma tarefa interdisciplinar
Authors: Fürstenau Togashi Henrique
Published: September 2018

El concepto de paisaje ha sido utilizado por diversas disciplinas y con múltiples connotaciones, y muchas veces no hay acuerdos sobre su significado. Este trabajo es una revisión conceptual del paisaje, realizada a partir de la integración de elementos tomados de distintas disciplinas de la geografía, como la historia ambiental y la ecología del paisaje. Desde esta perspectiva interdisciplinaria se efectúa un seguimiento histórico que abarca desde el origen de la palabra hasta sus más recientes transformaciones. El objetivo es desarrollar nuevas herramientas teóricas que posibiliten una mejor comprensión del papel de la presencia humana como elemento inseparable del entorno en la conformación de la estructura y funcionamiento de los ecosistemas, en especial, los de los bosques que sufren la presión urbana.