bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan IMT dengan Osteoporosis Wanita 50-60 Tahun Subras Deutero Melayu Etnis Bugis/Makassar
Authors: Reeny Purnamasari  , Jufri Latief  , Arifin Seweng
Published: February 2020

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bone mass is reduced so that the tissue microarchitecture changes that lead to the risk of bone fragility fracture easily. This study aims to find out if there is a relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and osteoporosis in women of 50-60 years old. This study uses research methods Cross Sectional. Assessment of body weight and height was conducted on 29 subjects. The BMI was then determined. The subjects had thoracolumbal rontgen to assess the osteoporosis grading based on Genant method. Most of the subjects (13 or 44.8%) had normal BMI. Only a few samples had underweight and obesity condition (5 samples or 17.2% for each case). As for osteoporosis grading, most of the samples (15 or 51.7%) had 0 grading; and only 2 samples (6.9%) had 3 grading. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between BMI, and osteoporosis grading based on Genant method. The higher the BMI, the lower the Genant score will be.
An Empirical Study on Awqaf Endowers’ Perception: Imperatives for Awqaf Institutions’ Success
Authors: Johari Fuadah , Ahmad Nursilah , Haji Alias Mohammad , Abdul Shukor Syadiyah , Abd Wahab Kalsom , Ab. Aziz Muhammad Ridhwan , Kefeli @ Zulkefli Zurina , Mohd Orip Nor Masitah , Abu Hussin Fauzi , Ibrahim Patmawati
Published: February 2020

The success of awqaf institutions are determined by many factors, among others is good feedback from the endowers either from their contribution or repeat endowing. This study investigates the perception of endowers to endow and factors motivating them to repeat endowing in ensuring waqf institution success among 366 respondents in 2014. The study employs two models of multiple linear regression analysis. The first model examines the determinant factors influencing the intention to endow whereas the second model investigates internal and external factors influencing the intention to repeated waqf endowment in future. The findings show integrity of waqf institution, religious obligation and access to cash waqf have significant contribution to the endower’s perception to endow cash waqf. Meanwhile, repeated cash waqf behavior will take place if endowers are familiar with waqf institutions and have easy access to cash waqf as these two variables are significantly related to dependent variable. Thus, in order to motivate endowers to repeat cash waqf behavior, continuous promotion to create familiarity together with easy access to cash waqf are vital to encourage repeated charitable behavior.
Integrated Islamic Financial Accountability Model for Islamic Social Enterprise (ISE)
Authors: Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Auzair Sofiah Md
Published: February 2020

This study aims to present an integrated Islamic financial accountability model, which is different from previous accountability models and frameworks. In this case, all three accountability aspects which are: (i) accountability to whom (accountability groups); (ii) accountability for what (accountability dimensions); and (iii) accountability on how (accountability tools and processes) were integrated into a single model. By using these three accountability aspects, this model is specifically focused on financial accountability area with additional Islamic elements that suits Islamic Social Enterprise (ISE). In order to develop this model, this study applies the comparison method on previous accountability and Islamic accountability models with additional literature inputs from financial accountability aspects and Islamic accountability perspectives. Based on the findings, this study introduces an integrated Islamic financial accountability model specifically for ISE, one of the emerging institution types under the non-profit sector. It is hoped that the integrated Islamic financial accountability model developed in this study will be implemented by the management of ISE in order to discharge their accountability especially to donors, beneficiaries and other stakeholders.
A Numeric-Symbolic Solution of GNSS Phase Ambiguity
Authors: Paláncz Béla , Völgyesi Lajos
Published: February 2020

Solution of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) phase ambiguity is considered as a global quadratic mixed integer programming task, which can be transformed into a pure integer problem with a given digit of accuracy. In this paper, three alter-native algorithms are suggested. Two of them are based on local and global linearization via McCormic Envelopes, respectively. These algorithms can be effective in case of simple configuration and relatively modest number of satellites. The third method is a locally nonlinear, iterative algorithm handling the problem as {-1, 0, 1} programming and also lets compute the next best integer solution easily. However, it should keep in mind that the algorithm is a heuristic one, which does not guarantee to find the global integer optimum always exactly. The procedure is very powerful utilizing the ability of the numeric-symbolic abilities of a computer algebraic system, like Wolfram Mathematica and it is properly fast for minimum 4 satellites with normal configuration, which means the Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP) should be between 1 and 8. Wolfram Alpha and Wolfram Clouds Apps give possibility to run the suggested code even via cell phones. All of these algorithms are illustrated with numerical examples. The result of the third one was successfully compared with the LAMBDA method, in case of ten satellites sending signals on two carrier frequencies (L1 and L2) with weighting matrix used to weight the GNSS observation and computed as the inverse of the corresponding covariance matrix.
Rule of Law and Transparency in Modern Norwegian Whaling (2006-2015)
Authors: Ramakers Annelien , Tiili Kristin
Published: February 2020

Regarding Norway’s whaling, it was discovered that the Government has achieved quite a high level of transparency. However, in some areas, for instance training of whalers, there is still need for a higher level of transparency. Moreover, a higher overall level of transparency would be reached if all the information available in Norwegian, were also available in English.
From Marco Polo to Cristoforo Colombo and Cipango-America Before 1492
Authors: Marino Ruggero
Published: February 2020

Who discovered America? We have debated this pointless question for 500 years. There was nothing actually to discover, and with good reason Cristoforo Colombo never used the verb “to discover” nor the word “discovery”. Correctly he didn’t speak about the New World, but “otro mundo”, the other world; say the other half of the globe. The Americas existed already, and already had they been populated. Only the unbound European arrogance and the interests involved in such an extraordinary event could mark as discovery what actually no discovery was. On the other hand, even if we want to proceed in the same reasoning, we could never state with certainty who the “first one” had been. We only know the last one: Cristoforo Colombo. With him and his contribution to the history of navigation, the whole world changed, and the modern age began. If the Americas are, nowadays, for better or worse, what we know, this is solely thanks to Cristoforo Colombo.
Desy Nurcahyanti POTENSI WILAYAH SEBAGAI KARAKTER VISUAL DALAM DESAIN BATIK GIRILAYU
Authors: Desy Nurcahyanti  , Agus Sachari  , Achmad Haldani Destiarmand
Published: February 2020

The 4.0 industrial revolution currently offers traditions. Those offer options for chose to survive, join, or merge.Various forms of technology are offering unnecessity because the community has a system and local wisdomthat keeps the form of tradition in its place. One of tradition form that’s facing on offer is batik in Girilayu.Pattern character basic on regional potencies as a characteristic of Girilayu’s batik design. Meanwhile, thespecific purpose of this research is explaining the background of batik designers in Girilayu when makingdesign development, to expose and promote the regional character in the 4.0 industrial revolution era today.The focus of the research problem includes changes and design innovations carried out by Girilayu’s batikdesigners, within the last three years, from 2016 until the middle of 2019. The research method used qualitativewith a hermeneutic approach through findings that shows visual characters of Girilayu batik. That appearedas a representation of Girilayu’s community still maintains cultural nobility by exploring regional potenciesas batik’s characteristic.
PROTECTION OF A FARM IN THE COURSE OF JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS BY A BAILIFF" ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS - GENERAL ISSUES
Authors: Яворський Адріан
Published: February 2020

In the Polish civil law, and in the civil procedure behind it, we are dealing with increased protection of farms, in particular farms run by individual farmers. Factors justifying this special protection of an agricultural holding are the variable economic situation on the agricultural market, conducting agricultural activity in specific conditions independent of the farmer (e.g. type of soils, climatic conditions), as well as the most important, constitutional protection of individual agricultural holdings. The basis of the agricultural system of the state is a family farm (Article 22 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland), the legislator must adjust lower-ranking provisions to this constitutional primacy, hence the above restrictions have been introduced to the code of civil procedure.

Key words: court, enforcement bodies, Enforcement of a farm by a bailiff, civil procedure.
СТАЛІНСЬКІ РЕПРЕСІЇ НА ПІВДНІ УКРАЇНИ В 20-30-х рр. ХХ ст.
Authors: С. Лісна І. , Є. Михайлів Т.
Published: February 2020

Дослідження масових репресій сталінського режиму привертає увагу суспільства вже 60 років, починаючи з проголошення М. С. Хрущовим таємної доповіді про культ особи Сталіна на XX з'їзді ЦК КПРС.

Реальні масштаби злочинів, скоєних тоталітарною державою в умовах абсолютної таємниці, стали остаточно відомими під час другої кампанії десталінізації, здійсненої М. С. Горбачовим в роки перебудови. Проте, фактично лише незалежній Україні створено реальні умови для всебічного вивчення пов'язаних з масовими репресіями історичних джерел і виявлення повної картини фізичних та моральних втрат українського народу, який опинився в епіцентрі сталінських репресій.

Тяжкою спадщиною цієї доби є масові репресії, які чинились сталінським режимом та його провідниками на території України, зокрема на Півдні. Дослідження репресій дає змогу збагатити історичну науку новим оригінальним і фактичним матеріалом, аргументовано викрити злочинну діяльність Й. Сталіна, його оточення та створеної ним репресивно-каральної машини. У роки розбудови Української держави виключно важливим є процес переосмислення багатьох проблем історії України. Лише з урахуванням минулого, в тому числі і тих драматичних подій, які принесли репресії, українське суспільство може йти в майбутнє.

Ключові слова: Сталінські репресії, Миколаївщина, Одещина, інтелігенція, концтабори, тоталітарний режим.
ВПЛИВ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО СТЯГНЕННЯ ЗА КОРУПЦІЙНІ ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯ НА ТРУДОВІ ПРАВОВІДНОСИНИ СУДОВОГО ЕКСПЕРТА
Authors: П. Суржан Б.
Published: February 2020

У теоретико-правовому аспекті досліджено питання спеціальної юридичної відповідальності, що застосовуються до судового експерта під час виконання, невиконання або неналежного виконання ним своїх обов’язків, притягнення до відповідальності за корупційні правопорушення та правопорушення, пов’язані з корупцією. Автором аналізуються положення Конституції України, Закону України «Про судову експертизу», Кодекс України про адміністративні правопорушення, нормативно-правові акти що регламентують порядок притягнення до дисциплінарної відповідальності судового експерта МВС України. Проведено аналіз порядку та підстав притягнення судового експерта до адміністративної та дисциплінарної відповідальності за правопорушення у антикорупційній сфері. Окреслено основні недоліки законодавства, зокрема щодо застосування порядку притягнення до дисциплінарної відповідальності судового експерта за правопорушення, пов’язані з корупцією. Виокремленні неврегульовані та невирішені питання стосовно запобігання корупції в судово-експертній діяльності, та запропоновано шляхи їх вдосконалення.

Ключові слова: судовий експерт, судова експертиза, адміністративна відповідальність, дисциплінарна відповідальність, корупційні правопорушення.
ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА ПРО КОНЦЕСІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: В. Терещенко С.
Published: February 2020

Прокоментовано факт втрати чинності Закону України «Про концесії» (1999 р.) та Закону України «Про концесії на будівництво та експлуатацію автомобільних доріг» (2000 р.). Здійснено аналіз наукових досліджень та коментарів нового закону щодо врегулювання концесійної діяльності. Зокрема, положень про діяльність концесіонера та про концесійні договори. Обґрунтовано авторську позицію щодо господарсько-правового та цивільно-правового регулювання відносин, що виникають на підставі договору концесії.

Виявлено переваги повноти правового врегулювання контролю та моніторингу виконання концесійних договорі за новими законоположеннями у порівняні з регламентами правового впливу за попереднім законодавством.

Виявлено недоліки запропонованого договірного механізму здійснення концесійної діяльності. Визнано достатнім потенціал нового закону України про концесію для відображення всієї багатоаспектності концесійно-договірних відносин.

Ключові слова: концесія, контроль, моніторинг, виконання концесійних договорів, нові законоположення про концесію, державно-приватне партнерство, господарсько-правове регулювання, цивільно-правове регулювання.
Factors that Influence the Implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan
Authors: Imron Ali , Ida Yustina  , Etti Sudaryati
Published: February 2020

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB) is placing the baby in the mother's stomach immediately after birth in a position of skin contact with the mother in an hour after birth, if there is no medical indication. RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan was one of the government hospitals, education, national referrals, and plenary status had implementing EIB. Achievement of EIB in this hospital decreased from (27.71%) in 2016 to (23.08%) in 2017. The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation of EIB in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. This was a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews. The informants were 6 people, consisting of 2 midwives and 1 structural official in medical services, 2 patients and 1 gynecologist. Implementation of EIB in the hospital wasn’t going well, the factors that influence EIB were communication, disposition and management’s function. The successful implementation of EIB can reduce maternal and infant mortality rates, suggested to RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan forms a special team to monitoring and evaluates the implementation of EIB, set and carry out sanctions for implementation of EIB, and increases the competence and motivation of health workers.
Isolated tuberculous thyroiditis
Authors: Sarwar SM , Rahman Masroor
Published: February 2020

Tuberculosis is a widespread infectious disease caused by various strains of Mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis1.Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs ,but can also affect other parts of the body. Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland is an extremely rare condition. We report a case of a 35 years old female patient with isolated Tuberculous Thyroiditis presented as diffuse tenderness and pain in lower part of anterior neck with no visible neck swelling. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the thyroid gland revealed caseatingepitheloid granulomas consistent with tuberculosis.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2016; 22(1): 62-64
Pattern of Metastases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cervical Lymph Node with Occult Primary
Authors: Rashid Mohammad Harun Or , Sattar Md Abdus , Kabir Abm Luthful , Haque Md Anamul , Pramanik Dhiman , Ali Md Asgar
Published: February 2020

Objective: To determine the pattern of metastesis of squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph node.
Methods: This was an observational cross sectional study which was carried out in the departments of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery of Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of July 2012 to March 2013. A Total 30 patients were selected according to selection criteria and level of involved lymph node and nodal staging was determined by careful clinical examination, biopsy of all suspicious site, CT scan, MRI, USG and X-ray.
Results: In this study majority of patients were within 40-80 years and most of patients were male. Maximum lymph nodes were 3-6 cm in size.90% cases were unilateral.50% cases were involved in level-II and most of cases (46.68%) were in stage N2.
Conclusion:Metastetic squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph node of occult primary common in elderly patient and most of were male and involved the lymph node level II.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 66-70
Congenital Anomalies Associated with microtia – Anotia: Review of 30 Cases
Authors: Marfatia Hetal , Priya Ratna , Sathe Nilam U , Shah Keya
Published: February 2020

Background: Microtia-anotia has a global prevalence of 2.6 per 10,000 live births. Children with microtia-anotia will have an associated anomaly or an identifiable syndrome pattern in 20–60% of cases.1 The most common anomalies are facial cleft, facial asymmetry, renal abnormalities, cardiac defects, microphthalmia, polydactyly, and vertebral anomalies.
Methods: This series consists of retrospective study of 30 patients who presented to the department of ENT, KEM Hospital between January 2010 to June 2013. Case Records of patients with congenital external ear deformity who presented to the E.N.T. Department during the time period from January 2010 to June 2013 were reviewed for the grade of microtia. The patients were also evaluated for associated congenital anomalies.
Results: Associated anomalies in patients included facial paralysis, unilateral renal agenesis, congenital heart diseases, Cleft palate, microphthalmia, microcornea, iris coloboma, hemivertebra. Also Goldenhar syndrome / Hemifacial microsomia, Treacher- Collin syndrome and Pierre- Robin syndrome were the related syndromes to congenital external ear deformity in our series.
Conclusion: Congenital external deformities may be associated with spectrum of other anomalies and the patient should receive best coordinated care from otolaryngologists, audiologists, paediatricians, heart specialist to improve the quality of life. Early hearing assessment should be followed by proper rehabilitation for adequate speech and language development.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 78-83
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Rare Cause of Neck Swelling
Authors: Rahman Md Abdur , Alam Mahbubul , Kabir ABM Luthful , Rarhid Mohammod Harun Or , Prodhan Abul Kalam
Published: February 2020

Dermatofibrosarcomaprotuberans (DFSP) is a low-grade soft tissue sarcoma (fibrosarcoma) originated from dermal and subdermal layer of the skin. The tumor infiltrates into the deeps in the form of villous or finger. For this reason, it is quite difficult to get clear surgical margins during tumor excision and the recurrence is a problem encountered frequently. We are reporting this rare tumour in a 40-year-old man presented with a 5-years history of slowly growing cutaneous lesion of the neck. Incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of DFSP. Subsequently, the patient underwent wide local surgical resection, followed by reconstruction. Histopathology report revealed dermatofibrosarcomaprotuberans (DFSP). Although DFSP behave as non-aggressive malignancy, surgery with complete removal of the affected area is the treatment of choice. Moreover, adjuvant radiotherapy and follow-up of the patient is essential in order to prevent recurrence.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 110-113
Frequency of Nontraumatic Epistaxis in Older Male Patients
Authors: Sultan Syed Mohammed Tipu , Sattar Md Abdus , Khan Mahiuddin , Alam Zahedul , Mostafa Golam , Raquib Ahmed
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Epistaxis is a common problem which may affect all age groups. It has bimodal presentation.Nontraumatic epistaxis may affect more frequently among older male.
Objective: It is important to observe the common factors related with the different etiological types of epistaxis. It is also important to observe the various socio demographic characteristic of the patient with pattern of presentation of the epistaxis.
Mehods: Cross-sectional study in tertiary level hospital. From July 2012 to June 2013, 176 participants were selected.
Results: Traumatic epistaxis was more frequent (70.51%) among younger age group (age <45yeras), whereas non-traumatic epistaxis was more frequent (72.92%) among older age group (age >45yeras). There was a statistically significant difference between the different age group with their etiology of the epistaxis (P = <0.001).
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 32-40
Clinicopathological Study of Parapharyngeal Space Tumor
Authors: Islam Muhammad Nazrul , Siddiquee Belayat Hossain , Uddin Mosleh , Saha Kanu Lal , Hossain Md Delwar
Published: February 2020

Objective: To see the mode of presentation, diagnosis and management of parapharyngeal space tumours.
Study design: Cross sectional study.
Setting: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: The condition being relatively rare, it was difficult to find good number of fresh cases. We have studied all cases of parapharyngeal space tumour attending in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2010 to March 2011.
Result: Parapharyngeal space tumours are rare head and neck neoplasms.The third decade of life showed greatest incidence. The main presenting complaint’s were painless neck swelling (73%). The highest number of pathology were attached to the deep lobe of parotid gland (pleomorphic adenoma-27%) and then neurofibroma (20%). Of all cases 77% were benign. Their accurate diagnosis and management is challenging.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 41-46
Hearing Loss In Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM)
Authors: Islam Muhammad Rafiqul , Abdullah Mohammad , Kabir ABM Luthful , Islam Syed Sanaul , Rashid Mohammad Harun or
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the type and degree of hearing loss in CSOM and also to find out any relationship between the hearing loss and disease duration.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study which was carried out in the departments of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery of BSMMU and Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of July’2011 to December’2011. A total 80 cases of CSOM were collected. Patient below the age of 5 years and patients above the age of 50 years were excluded from this study. The diagnosis of CSOM was established on the basis of clinical examination- otoscopy and tunning fork test. Pure tone audiogram (PTA) was done for hearing assessment. Thus, 80 cases of CSOM were collected with their PTA reports of 117 ears.
Results: The study included 80 patients of CSOM, of them 60 were with tubo-tympanic type and 20 were with attico-antral disease. Highest number of patients was in 2nd decade in both type of disease. 44.79% of ears of tubo-tympanic type were associated with mild (26-40 dB) hearing loss and 42.85% attico-antral variety was with moderate (41-55 dB) hearing loss. Conductive type of hearing loss was common in both types of disease. 98% of ears in tubotympanic and 81% of ears in attico-antral disease had conductive hearing loss. Mixed type (2.08%) of hearing loss was found in tubo-tympanic disease. Attico-antral disease was also associated with mixed (14.28%) and SNHL (4.76%).
Conclusion: The above study revealed that hearing loss in CSOM is mostly conductive in nature rarely sensorineural in type.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 59-66
Management of Haematoma Auris by Minimal Access Surgery and Steroid Injection
Authors: Hassan Mahmudul , Ahmed Aftab U
Published: February 2020

Haematoma auris is a collection of serosanguinous fluid between perichondrium and cartilage of pinna. Various method of aspiration / incision and pressure bandage used to treat the condition, here we are using steroid at the site after aspiration with a needle, no pressure bandage or drain used. Total 49 patients were treated with no untoward events.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 83-87
10th SAARC ENT Congress
Authors: Ahmed Khabiruddin
Published: February 2020

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 101-104
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for the Management of Chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Razzak Md Abdur , Alam Md Khorshed , Rahman Mohammad Wakilur , Islam Syed Sanaul , Hossain Md Rakib , Amin Zaheer Al
Published: February 2020

Objective: To see the efficacy of surgery (FESS) and quality of life of the patient after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) for chronic rhinosinusiotis.
Methods: It was a prospective type of study carried out Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Department of BIRDEM Hospital and Shaheed Suhrawardy Hospital, Dhaka from July 2009 to June 2010. Total 60 (sixty) patients were included in this study.
Results: In this study, 22(36.67%) patients were operated for Ethmoidal polyp, 19(31.67%) for chronic rhinosinusitis, 9(15%) for Antrochoanal polyp, 6(10%) for Rhinosporidiosis and 4(6.67%) for Inverted papilloma. Per operative difficulties were gross DNS 07 (11.67%), unusual bleeding 6(10%), concha bullosa 5(8.33%). Post operative complications were periorbital echymoses (10%), Synechiae (1.67%), Epiphora (1.67%), infection(1.67%). Complete relief of symptoms were noted in 81.67% cases. Majority of patients 46(76.67%) were released from the hospital on 2nd post operative day.
Conclusion: Instead of some limitations, outcome of functional endoscopic sinus surgery is rapidly flourishing, highly effective, less time consuming, less hospital stay & less expensive.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 122-126
Coblation versus Diode Laser Tonsillectomy in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Matin MA , Sabur MA , Azad MAK , Islam MN
Published: February 2020

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of diode laser and coblation tonsillectomy in paediatric patients in relation to operative time, amount of blood loss, post operative pain, healing of tonsillar fossa and returns to normal diet.
Methods: A total of 200 patients ,100 for coblaton and 100 for diode laser, aged 3-12 years with recurrent tonsillitis with or without snoring and sleep apnoea were recruited. Participants were prospectively randomised to diode laser and coblation tonsillectomy. Operative time and blood loss were recorded. Pain was recorded by VAS or assessed by using analgesic.
Results: The operative time were recorded 07-15 minutes,mean 10 minutes in coblation group and 12-20 minutes ,mean 14 minutes in laser group., Blood loss was recorded 0-15 ml mean 8 ml in coblation group and 10-25 ml mean 13.5 ml in diode laser group . However, at post-operative day seven, the diode laser tonsillectomy group had significantly higher pain scores compared with coblationtonsillectomy groups.Coblation group started normal soft diet on day 5 whereas diode laser started on day 8
Conclusion: Coblation tonsillectomy is associated with less operative time and blood loss, early returns to normal diet and less pain score in comparison to Diode laser tonsillectomy
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 140-145
Hearing Level Comparison of Noisy and Silent Area
Authors: Moniruzzaman MM , Harun Md Abdullah Al , Salequzzaman - , Patuary Md Khabir Uddin , Arafat Mohammad Shahrior , Sobhan AKMA
Published: February 2020

This prospective study was carried out in the Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, Sheikh Hasina medical college, Tangial, Bangladesh in a period of 6 months from January 2017 July 2017 among those complaining hearing loss attending in ENT out patient department. The aim of the study was to find the out pattern of hearing loss and hearing level comparison between noisy area (such as bazaar, bus stands, factory, school etc) to silent area. In this study 103 cases of hearing impaired people were taken and the data were collected by interviewing the cases as per questionnaire from history, examination and investigation report. Working place of most of the hearing impaired people was in noisy area 88 (85.4%). Among them most of the patients was male (58%) and female was (42%) and male:female ratio 1.4:1. The commonest type of hearing loss was sensorineural type. In the right ear 55 cases (53.4%) of sensorineural type deafness, 19 cases (18.4%) of mixed type of deafness and 21 cases (20.4%) of conductive type deafness. In the left ear 46 cases (47.7%) of sensorineural type deafness, 18 cases (17.5%) of mixed type deafness and 24 cases (23.3%) of conductive type deafness. This study showed that male (58%) were mostly affected than female (42%) and vehicle drivers (25.5%) were commonest group of people. From this study we got both ears were involved by disease process in 77.6% of patients and only right ear was 14.6% and only left ear was 10% of the patient of hearing loss.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 159-163
Diagnostic Performance of CT Scan in Sinonasal Mass
Authors: Lodh Dipankar , Nazmul Islam , Debesh Talukder , Rita Majumder , Shahriar Arafat , Zahirul Islam
Published: February 2020

Background: CT imaging of nose and paranasal sinuses is to confirm the diagnosis, localize the disease, characterize the extent of pathology and describe any anatomical variations. A careful histopathological examination (HPE) is nesessary to decide the nature of a specific lesion.
Objective: To observe performance of CT scan as a sensitive modality in the diagnosis of sinonasal mass by comparing with the findings of histopathological examination.
Methods: This cross sectional study in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). From 01/ 07/2013 to 30/06/2014 (One year), 42 patients were selected.
Resuls: Here male and female ratio was found 1.4:1 So, the incidence of sinonasal growth slightly higher in male (59.3%) compared to the female (40.6%).Incidence of malignant tumour was found more in age group above 60 years. Out of 32 patients, 6 patients (18.7%) were diagnosed histopathologically as infective, 7 patients (21.8%) were benign and 19 patients (59%) had malignant sinonasal mass.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 164-170
Hearing Status After Ossiculoplasty in Open Cavity Mastoidectomy
Authors: Sarker Md Zakaria , Talukder DC , Patuary Khabir Uddin , Islam Md Rafiqul , Khan Saif Rahman , Jahan SM Khaled
Published: February 2020

To evaluate the hearing outcome in canal wall down mastoidectomy with middle ear reconstruction, prospective longitudinal study was done at National Institute of ENT, Dhaka from March 2015 to September 2016. Total 22 patients were included in the study undergoing canal wall down mastoidectomy with 6 months postoperative followup. Hearing outcomes were observed and compared with the preoperative hearing tests. Among the 22 patients 9 (39.1% of subjects) patients had hearing gain, 12 (52.2%) had hearing loss and 1 (4.3%) had no change in hearing postoperatively.Although disease clearance is the main objective in canal wall down mastoidectomy, hearing gain can be achieved if combined with ossiculoplasty and tympanoplasty. The hearing gain or loss depends upon the extension of disease and status of the ossicular chain. Most patients usually experience hearing loss more than the preoperative period due to removal of ossicle or ossicles for the sake of disease clearance.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 195-198
Electromagnetic Wave Equations of Dyon in Arbitrary Media
Authors: Joshi I. , Garia J. S.
Published: February 2020

Dyon is a hypothetical particle in high energy physics that carries simultaneously both electric and magnetic charge. A dyon with zero electric charge is referred to a magnetic monopole.  The paper, reports a simple reformulation of Maxwell equations for dyon in arbitrary media. The Lorentz, Coulomb gauge conditions and the wave equations of dyon in arbitrary media are derived in a simple and compact manner.
Graphene-TMD Van der Waals Heterostucture Plasmonics
Authors: Goswami P. , Tyagi U. P.
Published: February 2020

The collective excitations of electrons in the bulk or at the surface, viz. plasmons, play an important role in the properties of materials, and have generated the field of “plasmonics”. We report the observation of a highly unusual plasmon mode on the surface of Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) of graphene monolayer on 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (Gr-TMD) substrate. Since the exponentially decaying fields of surface plasmon wave propagating along interface is highly sensitive to the ambient refractive index variations, such heterostructures are useful for ultra-sensitive bio-sensing.
Compound Difference Anti-Synchronization between Hyper-Chaotic Systems of Fractional Order
Authors: Khan A. , Jahanzaib L. S. , - Nasreen , Trikha P. , Khan T.
Published: February 2020

In this article, the compound difference anti-synchronization between fractional order hyper-chaotic systems have been studied. Numerical simulations have been performed using MATLAB to verify the theoretical results on fractional order Xling, Vanderpol, Rikitake and Rabinovich hyper-chaotic systems.
Characterization, Identification and Phylogeny of the Creatine Kinase (ckma) Gene in Medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Authors: BAYIR Mehtap , ARSLAN Gökhan , OĞUZHAN YILDIZ Pinar
Published: February 2020

Creatine kinase (ckma) has been characterized and described in
the medaka (Oryzias latipes), an aquatic model organism and the gene
structure has been designed using the exons, introns, produced amino acids of
the gene, TATA box, poly A tail and 5’ UTR and 3’ UTR regions of the ckma
gene. In another step, firstly, the chromosome region of the ckma gene
was determined in medaka and then the other genes which placed in the same
region were determined. Then the locations of these genes were determined in
zebrafish and human which are the orthologs of medaka. Finally, the conserved
gene synteny was designed manually, using these data. However, genetic identity
and similarity ratio between medaka and its orthologs were calculated. In this
study, characterization and identification, phylogenetic relationship,
conserved gene synteny of ckma gene in medaka (O. latipes) which
is an important model organism were analyzed by using bioinformatics tools
(NCBI database, Ensembl genomic database, Expasy, Reverse Complementary and
some programs such as MEGA6 program, BLOSUM62 matrix program and BioEdit
software). All these data will be used in future studies on molecular stress
response in fish and they were presented to the scientific world with this
study.
Teaching Greek Tragedy
Authors: Hanley Danielle
Published: February 2020

Including the non-canonical is but one strategy for diversifying such courses and intellectual explorations. In this essay, I advocate teaching Greek tragedy as an additional strategy to enhance engagement with diverse voices, viewpoints, and content, as well as an avenue to develop a more gender-inclusive syllabus. In advocating the use of Greek tragedy in introductory political theory courses, as well as upper-division courses, I also engage with an additional aim: political theory should help students encounter and engage with broad questions about the nature of political life, and as such, as a subfield, it should foster creativity. Teaching Greek tragedy offers an opportunity to address both aims concurrently, fostering a particular approach to diversity in ways that promote originality and imagination as central to the work of political theory and political thinking.
Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Sprouts from Seeds of Citrus Species
Authors: Falcinelli Beatrice , Famiani Franco , Paoletti Andrea , D’Egidio Sara , Stagnari Fabio , Galieni Angelica , Benincasa Paolo
Published: February 2020

Seeds from Citrus species represent a relevant by-product of the juice industry and a potential source of bioactive compounds such as phenols and other antioxidants. Sprouting could be an intriguing idea to enhance the content of these compounds, as explored for other fruittree species. In this experiment, the sprouting performance, the concentration of total phenols and phenolic acids, and the antioxidant activity of seeds and sprouts were evaluated for bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L. seedlings), blonde orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv.Biondocomune), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck seedlings), lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck cv.Femminello), and mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv.Tardivo di Ciaculli). The germination was high for all genotypes except for mandarin, but it took 4–8 weeks. Sprouts did not differ among genotypes for size and generally had hard consistency of cotyledons and a bitter taste. The concentrations of total phenols and phenolic acids of seeds and sprouts varied with the genotype, while the antioxidant activity was not statistically different among treatments. Sprouting increased both the concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity but no correlation was found between them, suggesting that other antioxidants, besides phenols, are present. Given the slow germination and the bitter taste, Citrus sprouts appear unsuitable for homemade production aimed at direct consumption, while they may have perspectives for extraction of food additives, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics.
Genome-Wide Detection of SNP Markers Associated with Four Physiological Traits in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Mini Core Collection
Authors: Shaibu Abdulwahab S. , Sneller Clay , Motagi Babu N. , Chepkoech Jackline , Chepngetich Mercy , Miko Zainab L. , Isa Adamu M. , Ajeigbe Hakeem A. , Mohammed Sanusi G.
Published: February 2020

In order to integrate genomics in breeding and development of drought-tolerant groundnut genotypes, identification of genomic regions/genetic markers for drought surrogate traits is essential. We used 3249 diversity array technology sequencing (DArTSeq) markers for a genetic analysis of 125 ICRISAT groundnut mini core collection evaluated in 2015 and 2017 for genome-wide marker-trait association for some physiological traits and to determine the magnitude of linkage disequilibrium (LD). Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis, probability values, and percent variation modelled by the markers were calculated using the GAPIT package via the KDCompute interface. The LD analysis showed that about 36% of loci pairs were in significant LD (p < 0.05 and r2 > 0.2) and 3.14% of the pairs were in complete LD. The MTAs studies revealed 20 significant MTAs (p < 0.001) with 11 markers. Four MTAs were identified for leaf area index, 13 for canopy temperature, one for chlorophyll content and two for normalized difference vegetation index. The markers explained 20.8% to 6.6% of the phenotypic variation observed. Most of the MTAs identified on the A subgenome were also identified on the respective homeologous chromosome on the B subgenome. This could be due to a common ancestor of the A and B genome which explains the linkage detected between markers lying on different chromosomes. The markers identified in this study can serve as useful genomic resources to initiate marker-assisted selection and trait introgression of groundnut for drought tolerance after further validation.
The Influence of Tillage and Cover Cropping on Soil Microbial Parameters and Spring Wheat Physiology
Authors: Niewiadomska Alicja , Majchrzak Leszek , Borowiak Klaudia , Wolna-Maruwka Agnieszka , Waraczewska Zyta , Budka Anna , Gaj Renata
Published: February 2020

The soil tillage system and the distribution of stubble catch crops increase the content of organic carbon, thus increasing the biochemical activity of soil. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of leguminous cover crops and different tillage soil systems before spring wheat sowing on the count of soil microorganisms, biochemical activity, microbiological diversity and the physiological state of the plants in correlation with yield. The study compared and analysed the following systems: (1) conventional tillage (CT) to a depth of 22 cm, followed by spring wheat sowing using four simplified cultivation technologies called conservation tillage. The following simplified tillage systems were evaluated: (2) skimming before sowing the cover crop and spring wheat sowing after ploughing tillage (CT), (3) skimming before sowing of the cover crop (sowing wheat with no-till technology (NT)), (4) direct sowing of ground cover plants (NT) and spring wheat sowing after ploughing cultivation (CT) and (5) direct sowing of cover crop (NT) and sowing wheat directly into cover crop (NT). The results showed that applying the cover crop and soil tillage method before sowing wheat improved all tested parameters. The highest values of the analysed parameters were observed in the treatment with soil skimming before sowing of the cover plant, and then with sowing the wheat directly into the mulch. The activity of dehydrogenase was 90% higher, while the activity of phosphatase was 32% higher, in comparison to the control group. Both the activity of catalase and the biological index of fertility were 200% higher, in comparison to the control group. Metagenomic analysis showed that soil bacterial communities collected during treatment ‘zero’ and after different cultivations differed in the structure and percentage of individual taxa at the phylum level.
Higher Radiation Use Efficiency Produces Greater Biomass Before Heading and Grain Yield in Super Hybrid Rice
Authors: Pan Yonghui , Gao Shuai , Xie Kailiu , Lu Zhifeng , Meng Xusheng , Wang Shiyu , Lu Jianwei , Guo Shiwei
Published: February 2020

To reveal the physiological mechanism underlying the yield advantage of super hybrid rice compared with inbred super rice, a super hybrid rice cultivar Yliangyou 3218 (YLY) and an inbred super rice cultivar Zhendao 11 (ZD) were field grown under five nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates in 2016 and 2017. The average grain yield of YLY across nitrogen fertilizer rates was 10.1 t ha−1 in 2016 and 9.7 t ha−1 in 2017, 29.6% and 21.3% higher than that of ZD in 2016 and 2017, respectively. YLY showed higher above-ground biomass accumulation, especially growth before heading, which was mainly due to its faster green leaf area index (GLAI) formation and greater maximum GLAI (GLAImax). The daily radiation interception (RIdaily) was 15.0% higher in YLY than ZD, but the accumulated radiation interception (RIacc) before heading showed little difference between them because ZD had a longer growth duration. The radiation use efficiency (RUE) of YLY before heading was 54.7% higher than that of ZD (YLY, 2.12 g MJ−1; ZD, 1.37 g MJ−1). Our result demonstrated that the yield advantage of YLY was due to its higher above-ground biomass before heading, which was mainly achieved by its improvement in RUE rather than radiation interception.
Tipburn Incidence and Ca Acquisition and Distribution in Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) Cultivars under Different Ca Concentrations in Nutrient Solution
Authors: Kuronuma Takanori , Ando Masaya , Watanabe Hitoshi
Published: February 2020

Tipburn (calcium (Ca) deficiency disorder) is a major problem in the production of lisianthus cultivars. However, few studies have investigated the influence of different Ca concentrations in nutrient solution on tipburn incidence and Ca acquisition and distribution. Thus, it remains unclear why some cultivars exhibit tipburn under high Ca concentrations. To address this, we used three lisianthus cultivars ‘Azuma-no-Kaori’ (AK), ‘Celeb Wine’ (CW), and ‘Voyage Yellow’ (VY) and compared tipburn incidence and Ca acquisition and distribution under different Ca concentrations in a nutrient solution (low (40 ppm), moderate (80 ppm), and high (120 ppm) Ca). Tipburn severity and incidence in AK and VY significantly decreased with increasing nutritional Ca concentrations; the Ca concentrations in each organ and Ca acquisition competence (RGRCa) increased at higher nutritional Ca concentrations. In contrast, tipburn incidence in CW was 100% for all treatments. In CW, Ca acquisition competence and Ca concentrations in most organs increased with increasing nutritional Ca concentrations, but the Ca concentrations in the tips of the upper leaves did not differ significantly between treatments. Thus, our results suggest that the cause of tipburn under sufficient Ca conditions is an inability of the plant to distribute Ca to the tips of its upper leaves.
Supplementation of Non-Starch Polysaccharide Enzymes Cocktail in a Corn-Miscellaneous Meal Diet Improves Nutrient Digestibility and Reduces Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Finishing Pigs
Authors: Chen Yuxia , Shen Dan , Zhang Lilan , Zhong Ruqing , Liu Zhengqun , Liu Lei , Chen Liang , Zhang Hongfu
Published: February 2020

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the addition of the non-starch polysaccharide enzymes cocktail (NSPEC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gas emissions in a corn-miscellaneous meal-based diet for finishing pigs. The NSPEC is a combination of cellulase, xylanase, β-glucanase, β-mannanase, α-galactosidase and pectinase optimized by assessing the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of corn-miscellaneous meal diet using an in vitro method of simulating digestion in the stomach and intestine of growing pigs. Growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy were measured. The gas concentration of ammonia, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane in the environmental assessment chambers were determined. The gas detecting period was divided into three frequencies of manure removal of every 1d, 2d and 3d. The addition of NSPEC into the corn-miscellaneous meal diet decreased feed conversation rate (FCR) and increased the ATTD of dry matter, crude protein, gross energy, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of pigs (p < 0.05). The digestible energy was also improved (p < 0.05) significantly by NSPEC supplementation in the diet. Furthermore, the supplementation of the NSPEC reduced (p < 0.05) carbon dioxide concentration in the chambers. The ammonia emissions were significantly increased according to average 1d, 2d and 3d manure removal procedures (p < 0.01). These results indicated that the inclusion of optimal NSPEC in a corn-miscellaneous meal diet improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility and reduced carbon dioxide emissions on finishing pigs. The accumulated manure could increase the release of ammonia in a pig house.