bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Une logique de la non-décision : le congrès de Vienne et la traite des esclaves
Authors: Linden Marcel van der
Published: July 2024

A logic of non-decision : the Congress of Vienna and the Slave Trade

Concealed as supplement 15 to Article 118 of the Treaty of Vienna an Appendix on the “Slave Trade” was added. This short text was the first international political document in which, in the name of “all civilized countries”, the slave trade was condemned as “running contrary to all principles of humanity and universally valid morality”. This declaration referred to the future in at least two respects : not only did it cast a “humanitarian principle [...] in a form that was binding in international law”. Its reference to “all civilized countries” also basically contained the justification for later attempts to eradicate the slave trade in “uncivilized” countries through colonial projects. The present essay reconstructs the genesis of this document by situating it in the context of the British abolitionist campaign since 1807 ; analyses the diverging interests of the Great Powers in this respect ; describes the negotiations during the Vienna Congress ; and gives a brief outline of further developments in the nineteenth century.
Le congrès de Vienne dans la presse provinciale autrichienne (Klagenfurt-Ljubljana) : information, interprétation, commémoration ?
Authors: Weinmann Ute
Published: July 2024

La Carinthie et la Carniole, avec leurs capitales Klagenfurt et Ljubljana, ont été fortement marquées par la période napoléonienne : outre les combats, les contributions de guerre et la levée de masse sur leur territoire, la Carinthie a perdu son centre politique et fut divisée en une partie autrichienne dépendant de Graz et une napoléonienne dépendant de Ljubljana, regroupée avec la Carniole et d’autres régions dans les Provinces illyriennes administrées par l’occupant français. Les journaux - encore rares dans cette périphérie de l’aire germanophone, voire dans ces contrées bilingues allemand-slovènes - devaient ainsi porter un intérêt particulier au congrès de Vienne dont l’objectif fut de trouver un ordre de paix durable après l’expérience napoléonienne. Cette contribution étudie dans un premier temps la couverture de presse des événements viennois 1814/1815 dans la Klagenfurter Zeitung et la Laibacher Zeitung, les seuls journaux de la presse politique en Carinthie et Carniole à cette époque. Il s’agit d’examiner dans quelle mesure ces journaux trouvent une voix propre face aux événements viennois - et cela malgré la censure et l’usage de reprendre dans la presse de province les articles de la presse viennoise. Par ailleurs nous suivons les traces de cet événement majeur dans la revue culturelle Carinthia, fondée en 1811 en pleine période napoléonienne, où les reflets de la paix de Paris et du congrès de Vienne s’infiltrent discrètement -hors reportage politique proprement dit - dans les commentaires, poésies, textes en prose, portraits de personnalités. Enfin nous procédons à l’examen - peu fructueux - des commémorations du congrès de Vienne dans la presse provinciale. Cette étude souhaite ainsi contribuer, d’un point de vue décentralisé, à l’histoire de la réception contemporaine et mémorielle du congrès de Vienne.
„Sind Könige je zusammen gekommen, So hat man immer nur Unheil vernommen“. Politische Gedichte über den Wiener Kongress
Authors: Scheichl Sigurd Paul
Published: July 2024

“Every time kings assembled, Misfortune happened.” Political poems on the Congress of Vienna

If the wars against Napoleon can be considered as the acme of political and patriotic poetry and the Vormärz on the other hand gave birth to mostly democratically inspired poems, the Congress of Vienna seems to have induced only a few “poetic” reactions, which remain quite vague
La famille de l'empereur russe au congrès de Vienne : enjeux privés et politiques
Authors: Dmitrieva Ekaterina
Published: July 2024

Au congrès de Vienne, l’empereur russe Alexandre Ier vint accompagné de ses deux sœurs cadettes : Ekaterina Pavlovna, à l’époque reine de Wurtemberg, et Maria Pavlovna, princesse héréditaire du duché Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, toutes les deux censées rendre son séjour à Vienne plus convivial, et perçues par ailleurs, par le corps diplomatique, comme les deux diamants les plus précieux de sa suite. Or, en vérité, leur présence à Vienne n’était pas si inoffensive. Aussi l’enjeu de cet article est-il d’examiner, d’une part, les raisons politiques qui firent qu’Alexandre exigea la présence de ses sœurs à Vienne, et, de l’autre, l’influence sous-jacente de leur présence sur certaines décisions prises lors du congrès. L’autre enjeu de cet article est de savoir quel était le mode de vie des membres de la famille impériale russe qui se cachait derrière des fêtes et des réceptions aussi brillantes que fastidieuses. Notre article s’appuie sur la correspondance de Maria Pavlovna avec les membres de sa famille conservée dans les archives de Thuringe (Weimar).
Der Wiener Kongress im deutschsprachigen Österreich zwischen 50. und 100. Jubiläum
Authors: Werner Eva Maria
Published: July 2024

Der Beitrag stellt die Erinnerungskulturen zum Wiener Kongress in Österreich zwischen dem 50. Jubiläum 1865 und dem 100. Jubiläum 1914 dar. Während der Historiker Joseph Alexander von Helfert 1865 noch vergeblich versuchte, für eine neue, positive Sicht auf den Wiener Kongress zu begeistern, brachte 1896 eine Ausstellung die Wende in der Wahrnehmung des Wiener Kongresses in den Erinnerungskulturen der Habsburgermonarchie : Der Wiener Kongress wurde zu einem Sehnsuchtsort, war aber auch mit patriotischem Stolz auf eine ruhmreiche Vergangenheit verbunden und fand seinen Platz sowohl im imperialen Gedenken, als auch in populären Medien wie etwa der Operette. Der Erste Weltkrieg setzte diesen Formen der Erinnerung ein vorläufiges Ende, die grundgelegten Traditionsstränge lebten aber nach dem Krieg wieder auf.
Der Kongreß tanzt (1931): eine „Wiener Idylle“ (Siegfried Kracauer)? Zum kritischen Potenzial der von Erich Pommer produzierten Ufa-Tonfilmoperetten
Authors: Genton François
Published: July 2024

Le congrès s’amuse (1931 ) : une «Vienne idyllique» (Siegfried Kracauer) ?

On reconnaît aujourd’hui en Fiance au congrès de Vienne des mérites que le discours républicain (et napoléonien) dominant lui a longtemps refusés. Ainsi Thierry Lentz écrit-il dans l’introduction de son livre Le Congrès de Vienne. Une refondation de l'Europe 1814-1815 (2013) qu’il a fait l’histoire «européenne» de ce grand événement afin de combattre les préjugés qui ont cours en France à son endroit. Il semble ainsi que la France rejoint un certain consensus européen concernant la Révolution française et l’ère napoléonienne telles qu’elles ont été et sont encore traditionnellement décrites dans les livres d’histoire, mais aussi dans un grand nombre de produits culturels visant un large public. Ce «geste» consensuel tardif a-t-il été anticipé un peu plus de dix ans après la Grande Guerre par les spectateurs français et allemands, puisque les versions allemande et française du film musical d’Erik Charell Le congrès s’amuse furent en 1931 -1932 des deux côtés du Rhin l’un des plus grands, sinon le plus grand succès de la saison ? En d’autres termes, ce dernier film oppose-t-il la normalité gaie de la Vienne pacifique et paisible de Metternich aux excès de violence des périodes révolutionnaire et napoléonienne, satisfaisant à sa façon le désir de paix des peuples français et allemand au début de la décennie qui conduisit à la deuxième guerre mondiale et leur refus d’affronter directement au cinéma les grandes questions politiques du moment ? En plaçant cette comédie dans la lignée des films européens à thématique révolutionnaire et napoléonienne, du cinéma muet aux débuts du cinéma parlant, et en se fondant sur une interprétation prenant en compte les spécificités de ce film par rapport aux oeuvres contemporaines ou aux adaptations et imitations ultérieures, cette étude vise à montrer que les comédies produites par l’UFA à l’époque d’Erich Pommer étaient souvent bien davantage qu’un art populaire et commercial visant un divertissement dénué du moindre contenu critique.
Vergangenheitsbewältigung à l’autrichienne am Beispiel österreichischer Kinder- und Jugendliteratur oder: von der Randnotiz ins Blickfeld des Interesses
Authors: Terler Kerstin
Published: July 2024

The Austrian process of coming to terms with its Nazi past as portrayed in children’s and youth literature : the marginal coming to the fore

The following article aims to provide an analysis of the Austrian way of coming to terms with its own National Socialist past. It focuses on how this past is represented in Austrian children’s and youth literature which can be interpreted as a reflection of social and socio-political reconciliation processes and expectations over time. Since 1945 these reconciliation processes were affected by internal and external influences impacting the country as well as its children’s and youth literature. At the national and international levels, the positions on the issue range from marginalizing it to expressing interest in it. In 1964, Käthe Recheis’ Schattennetz gained wide attention – both positive and negative – given that it was the first significant Austrian novel in children’s and youth literature to tackle the National Socialist era as a topic. The novel as well as the public reactions that followed, show the painful process of Austria accepting responsibility for its involvement in National Socialism, which circulated between “opening”, “ blocking” and “rejection”.
Chroniques de la province autrichienne : Schubumkehr de Robert Menasse
Authors: Faure-Godbert Sylvaine
Published: July 2024

Figure intellectuelle majeure de l’Autriche contemporaine, Robert Menasse n’a cessé de dénoncer depuis la fin des années 1980 les non-dits sur lesquels s’est édifiée la Seconde République. Schubumkehr (1995), troisième volet de sa Trilogie der Entgeisterung, s’inscrit dans la lignée des romans autrichiens du «désastre de la province». Menasse y observe les soubresauts d’une bourgade située à la frontière tchèque, de janvier 1989 à l’ouverture du Rideau de fer en décembre de la même année. Village de la «province profonde» perdue «dans un pays lui-même si profondément provincial», Komprechts devient le laboratoire de cette identité autrichienne complexe qui est au coeur des nombreux essais de Robert Menasse. Satire féroce du tourisme comme facteur de destruction identitaire, le roman offre par ailleurs une version parodique, à l’échelle locale, de la culture autrichienne du consensus et propose une réflexion originale sur le rapport d’une communauté tout entière à son passé.
État des lieux de l’historiographie consacrée à Bruno Kreisky
Authors: Rathkolb Olivier
Published: July 2024

About recent historiography on Bruno Kreisky.

Oliver Rathkolb’s contribution deals with the evolution of the biographical discourse concerning the former social-democratic chancellor Bruno Kreisky. Rathkolb begins by showing how difficult it is to approach such an emblematic figure from a neutral point of view, even more since Kreisky took a direct influence on the biographical discourse by publishing his memoirs. After an overview of the different stages of the historiographical evolution, Rathkolb focuses on the main topics of the (autobiographical discourse, namely Kreisky’s stance towards the politics of denazification under the Second Republic, his engagement for political neutrality and his support of the so-called victim theory. Beyond the level of politics of memory, Rathkolb also stresses the importance of Kreisky’s foreign policy, his social reforms and his avantgardistic relations with the media. This historiographical state of the art is embedded in a broader, critical reflection on Austria’s political culture.
L'Autriche officielle face au passé nazi : culture et non-culture mémorielle après 1945
Authors: Weinmann Ute
Published: July 2024

Ute Weinmann, L’Autriche officielle face au passé nazi : culture et non-culture mémorielle après 1945.

En exposé d’ouverture à une journée d’études consacrée au travail sur le passé après 1945 en Autriche, cette contribution tente une synthèse sur l’évolution de la culture mémorielle officielle de 1945 à nos jours face au passé nazi de l’Autriche dans laquelle «l’affaire Waldheim» des années 1986-1987 représente la césure majeure. La première phase, de 1945 jusqu’au milieu des années 1980, est celle de l’«externalisation» du nazisme comme une affaire allemande, externalisation placée sous le signe du «mythe de la victime» en marginalisant les véritables victimes de la persécution et de l’oppression nazies. Les années 1986 à 1988, de l’affaire Waldheim aux commémorations de l'Anschluss, sont une période de vifs débats sur la mémoire du nazisme en Autriche et l’attitude des Autrichiens face à cette partie sombre de leur histoire accompagnée du déclin de l’image de l’Autriche dans le monde. Depuis la fin des années 1980, le récit victimaire est remplacé par celui de la coresponsabilité et de la participation au régime nazi de bon nombre d’Autrichiens. La mémoire officielle a, depuis, «internalisé» le national-socialisme comme partie intégrante de l’histoire autrichienne et considère la responsabilité morale de l’État et la participation partielle des Autrichiens au nazisme ; elle accorde désormais une juste place – due depuis longtemps – aux victimes de la persécution raciale et de l’appareil de l’injustice nazie.
Paris 1937: Promoting Austria Abroad
Authors: Cronin Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Elizabeth Cronin, Paris 1937 : la promotion de l’Autriche à l’étranger.

Le pavillon autrichien de l’exposition universelle de 1937 plaça en son centre un objet qui, avec ses 10 mètres de hauteur sur 30 mètres de largeur, fut considéré comme la photographie murale la plus grande jamais réalisée jusqu’alors. Moderne, la paroi de verre du pavillon offrait de loin déjà un regard sur le gigantesque panorama. Conçue comme une invitation à visiter aussi bien l’Autriche que son pavillon, la photo murale donnait l’impression de fournir une vitrine surdimensionnée à la photographie du terroir, voire de la photographie patriotique promue par le gouvernement. Celui-ci utilisa ce genre très répandu comme moyen de promotion auprès des touristes d’une image de l’Autriche comme paradis alpin moderne, une image qui ne devait ensuite rien perdre de sa validité jusque dans la période d’après-guerre et même au-delà.
L’image de la femme dans le Wiener Magazin (1927-1941). De la nudité sexualisée à la nudité chaste
Authors: Penz Otto , Florea Hélène
Published: July 2024

Cet article examine, à partir des photographies issues du populaire illustré Wiener Magazin, la construction de l’image de la femme dans trois époques politiques distinctes. Le postulat de départ est l’idée selon laquelle le contenu signifiant des images est déterminé par leur inscription dans des pratiques et des discours sociopolitiques concrets. Dans cette optique, l’ordre politique - de la Première République au national-socialisme en passant par l’austro-fascisme - participe du sens véhiculé par les photographies. De plus, les systèmes politiques régulent les rapports de genre de façon différenciée, de sorte que se voit esquissé dans les illustrations le statut social des femmes à chaque époque. Ainsi les photographies des années 1920 font-elle apparaître une corporéité féminine libératrice, quoique sexualisée et marchandisée, tandis que sous la période nazie, elles instituent une nudité mise au service de la «communauté nationale». Dans le même temps, se manifestent dans les images différentes formes d’un régime visuel hégémonique, dans lequel le regard masculin s’empare du corps féminin.
magnum, la revue culturelle de Karl Pawek. Révision d’une légende
Authors: Szeless Margarethe
Published: July 2024

magnum, the cultural journal of Karl Pawek. The Revision of a Legend.

With his cultural journal magnum, which was published from 1953 to 1957 in Vienna and then in Cologne until 1966, Karl Pawek introduced modern photojournalism in Austria. Until today, magnum has been considered as the medium par excellence of reportage photography with a humanistic focus, referred to as “live photo”, of which Pawek is held to be the mentor and theoretician. The comparison of two photographs on a double page is a typical feature of the journal ; this is what Pawek calls “the dialogue of images”. The contribution analyzes the possibilities and the limits of this image language and questions the role of the photo editor who can resort to the combination of photos also as a means of manipulation. Precisely in the case of Pawek, one can find ideological convictions upholding a Weltanschauung which notoriously appeared in his photographic compositions. With his Christian faith, Pawek was a follower of Othmar Spann, a very prominent partisan of the corporatist state and later fellow traveler of the NSDAP. The fact that magnum, despite the retrograde ideology of its chief editor, has continued until today to be considered as a progressist journal and to the eyes of the contemporaries as an “eye-opener” of modernity, is part of its ambiguities.
La loi du plus faible ? Regards croisés sur la Suisse
Authors: Herrmann Irène
Published: July 2024

The law of the weakest ? Cross-perceptions on Switzerland.

Why did such a small and insignificant country such as Switzerland gain credence during the Congress of Vienna ? Why do the Swiss researchers give such a contrasted interpretation of that period ? And why do these divergent readings maintain obvious paradoxes in the presentation of the events ? This article will try to answer these questions, and to understand how this micro-state, weak and divided, could play on «the law of the weakest» ; we will try to comprehend what incited the international delegates to respect some of its wants, and to decrypt what that uncovered, not only for the period of the nineteenth and twentieth century, but also for the present historiography.
Le congrès de Vienne vu depuis l'Espagne : l'effondrement silencieux d’un empire
Authors: Fleites Marcos Álvaro , Diego González Pedro Alfonso de
Published: July 2024

Der Wiener Kongress von Spanien aus betrachtet : der stille Zusammenbruch eines Reiches.

In diesem Beitrag wird die Rezeption des Wiener Kongresses in Spanien 1814-1815 -und zwar hauptsächlich in der damaligen Presse - auf Basis einer Analyse der damaligen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Lage des Landes untersucht.

Der Wiener Kongress ist ein bedeutendes Ereignis in der Geschichte des Außenpolitik Spaniens und besiegelte den Verlust seiner Großmachtstellung. Zum ersten Mal seit dem Mittelalter wurde es von den Beschlüssen über die Zukunft Europas ferngehalten, erlangte keines seiner diplomati¬ schen Ziele -trotz seines Beitrags zur Niederlage Napoleons -und sank in den Augen der anderen europäischen Großmächte zu einer Mittelmacht herab. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde ein geschwächtes Spanien auf dem Wiener Kongress durch inkompetente Diplomaten -nach dem Bilde seines Hauptdelegierten Pedro Gomez Labrador - vertreten. Die Untersuchung der Verhandlungen durch die spanische Delegation zeigt, wie unfähig der spanische Staat war, eine bedeutende Rolle in der Neuordnung Europas zu spielen, während andere europäische Mächte die Gelegenheit nutzten, ihren Einfluss auf von Madrid ehemals kontrollierte Gebiete auszudehnen und dadurch den Niedergang des Reiches beschleunigten, ohne dass die spanische Bevölkerung dies wahrnehmen konnte. Die Analyse der spanischen Zeitungen bis zu ihrem Verbot durch König Ferdinand VII. im März 1815 zeigt , dass die spanische Öffentlichkeit von diesem diplomatischen Desaster nicht informiert wurde und die Aufmerksamkeit der Leser von den strategischen und politischen Aspekten der Verhandlungen abgelenkt wurde.
Die Vor- und Widerklänge des Wiener Kongresses im Königreich Böhmen der Habsburgermonarchie in den Jahren 1814-1815
Authors: Chvojka Michal
Published: July 2024

Répercussions du congrès de Vienne dans les pays de Bohème dans la monarchie habsbourgeoise dans les années 1814-1815.

Il s’agit de s’intéresser à la réception du congrès de Vienne dans les comptes rendus policiers en provenance de Prague pendant cette période. L’exposé part de l’hypothèse que dans les pays de la couronne de Bohème règne vers 1814-1815 un calme politique et que l’on peut considérer ces contrées comme un hinterland relativement calme dans la politique habsbourgeoise : on en veut pour preuve que les événements politiques importants tels le congrès de Troppau, les décisions de Karlsbad, la réunion des monarques à Münchengrätz ou Teplitz y eurent lieu ou bien que les opposants politiques d’Italie ou de Pologne, de France ou de Hongrie furent enfermés dans des forteresses comme Spielberg, Ollmütz, Josephstadt ou Theresienstadt. Cependant des voix «discordantes» se firent entendre, des attentats contre l’empereur et Metternich furent même planifiés, et leur genèse demande à être analysée et contextualisée.
Determinants of corporate social responsibility discourses in Kuwait: Uncovering institutional factors through a corporate communications perspective
Authors: Bashir Manaf M. , AlRifai Aroub A.
Published: July 2024

Objectives: In an attempt to enrich and de-Westernize the CSR literature in Kuwait and uncover the external factors that are related to corporate social responsibility [CSR], this research investigates the institutional factors influencing CSR in Islamic and conventional banks and telecommunications companies in Kuwait. Method: Utilizing institutional theory and in-depth interviews with 12 corporate communications practitioners, the study found varying albeit minimal contributions of institutional factors to the CSR practices of organizations. Results: Islam did not exert a direct influence on CSR in Kuwait, a majority Muslim country, but was found to be a framework within which organizations operate. Industry sectors, peer pressure, the media, NGOs, and the local community along with social media were also insignificant institutional factors. The environment was the only institutional factor that was found to exert influence on CSR, but its impact was marginal. Increasing levels of global environmental awareness, rather than country-specific factors, made Kuwaiti corporations pay attention to the environment. Conclusion: The implications of the findings suggest the need for government intervention to encourage the private sector to align its CSR practices with the country’s priorities. Corporate communicators need to strategically manage CSR where research and planning are conducted, and stakeholders such as local communities, NGOs, and company employees are involved.
الخطاب الإصلاحي للملك حمد بن عيسى آل خليفة في مملكة البحرين من منظور تاريخي (1999-2011)
Authors: المزعل شرف محمد علي
Published: July 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن محتوى الخطاب الإصلاحي للملك حمد بن عيسى آل خليفة في البحرين، من خلال تحليل الكلمات السامية للملك في الفترة من 1999 – 2011، وتحديد أثر تفاعل القوى الداخلية والخارجية في تطوّر حركة الإصلاح السياسي في البلاد إبّان تلك الفترة. المنهج: استخدمت طريقة تحليل المضمون لتحليل الخطاب الإصلاحي السياسي لملك البحرين في تلك الفترة من خلال ثلاثة محاور، تناول المحور الأول التأسيس السياسي والعسكري للشيخ حمد، وقدم المحور الثاني: تحليلاً ل 18 كلمة سامية للملك، تدور حول المشروع الإصلاحي، أما المحور الثالث؛ فاختصّ بتحديد أثر تفاعل العوامل الداخلية والخارجية في تطوّر الخطاب الإصلاحي. النتائج: كشفت نتائج الدراسة أن الخطاب الإصلاحي للملك حمد يعكس السمات الشخصية والفكر الإستراتيجي للملك، ودوره المحوري في التحديث والإصلاح، وأنه يستند أساساً إلى ثلاثة أعمدة مهمة، وهي: تأسيس دولة القانون، وترسيخ الأمن والاستقرار، وتنمية الولاء والانتماء الوطني. كما أن أسلوب الخطاب قد شهد تطوّراً نتيجة تفاعل القوى والعوامل الداخلية والخارجية في سياق العملية الإصلاحية. الخاتمة: خلصت الدراسة إلى أن الخطاب الإصلاحي للملك حمد في الفترة من 1999 – 2011 كان صريحاً في طرح مرئيات الإصلاح، وأن القيادة قد اتخذت إجراءات مهمة باتجاه الإصلاح، لكن نجاح العملية الإصلاحية يتوقف على مدى تماسك القوى الداخلية الداعمة للمشروع الإصلاحي.
Consenso mexicano para el diagnóstico por laboratorio de las coagulopatías
Authors: Hernández-Juárez Jesús , de la Peña-Díaz Aurora , Moreno-Hernández Manuel , Montiel-Cervantes Laura , Domínguez-Reyes Víctor Manuel , Arreola-Díaz Rodrigo , Portuguez-Meneses Mario Alberto , Morales-de la Vega Alejandro , Hernández-Hernández Darinel , Reyes-López Martha Ana , Fragoso-López Cristina , Sámano-Ponce María del Pilar , Segura-García Adela , Cruz-Enríquez Abraham , Ricardo-Moreno María Tania , García-Chávez Jaime , Majluf-Cruz Abraham
Published: July 2024

The clinical laboratory has a special role in modern medicine, and the coagulation laboratory is no exception. The quality of medical care is parallel to the quality of laboratory results. Understanding the coagulation system is challenging and imperative; however, studying a patient in the laboratory is even more complicated. In Mexico, as in many developing countries, the coagulation laboratory is limited in infrastructure, and, in most cases, the laboratory professional is unaware of the biochemical, cellular, and clinical aspects required to lead this particular area of hematology. In the clinical laboratory, an accepted fact is that most of the mistakes that happen while studying the blood coagulation system occur during the preanalytical stage. However, many others could be avoided with an appropriate standardization of the technical procedures and a homogeneous interpretation between clinicians and laboratory professionals. This work aims to share a series of recommendations on very particular topics of the coagulation laboratory derived from a consensus of Mexican experts on the subject.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЧЛЕНАМИ ХАРКІВСЬКОГО ТОВАРИСТВА ПОШИРЕННЯ В НАРОДІ ГРАМОТНОСТІ (1869-1920 РР.)
Authors: Марущак Є. М.
Published: July 2024

Дана стаття розкриває організацію освітньої роботи членами Харківського товариства поширення в народі грамотності протягом 1869-1920 рр. Розкрито основні ідеї членів Товариства щодо організації навчання й виховання дітей. Схарактеризовано діяльність товариства у сфері дошкільної, шкільної, позашкільної освіти та просвіти дорослих.
Так, визначено мету дошкільної освіти (всебічний і гармонійний розвиток особистості), форми і методи роботи з дітьми дошкільного віку (ігри, ручна праця, прогулянки, розповіді, музичні заняття тощо) у дитячих закладах Товариства.
Розкрито діяльність Товариство у сфері шкільної освіти: збільшення мережі шкіл, збільшення терміну навчання (з 3-річного на 4-річний курс початкової школи), упровадження нових навчальних предметів (гігієна, малювання, музика, ліплення), використання різних форм (вечори, шкільні свята, літературні ранки) та методів навчання й виховання дітей (словесні, наочні, практичні методи), створення шкіл або окремих класів для учнів з особливими освітніми потребами.
Охарактеризовано діяльність Товариства у сфері позашкільної освіти та просвіти населення, а саме: відкриття відповідних закладів (Народного будинку, народних бібліотек, народного театру, недільних шкіл і курсів, додаткових шкіл для підлітків), організація та проведення просвітніх заходів (народних читань, лекцій, бесід, виставок, вистав, свят, масових гулянь, концертів, літературних, вокальних, музичних і танцювальних вечорів, занять із дітьми з трудового і фізичного виховання тощо), ведення музейної справи, організація материнських і батьківських гуртків тощо.
Розкрито проблеми з організацією освітньої роботи Товариства, а саме: недостатня кількість вихователів, їх низький статус, низька плата, недостатня кількість дитячих установ, важкість пристосування програм навчання в дитячих закладам до місцевих умов, недостатня практична підготовка педагогів.
Optimisasi Monitoring Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa Dengan Integrasi Formasi Metode Agile Framework Scrum dan Notifikasi WhatsApp di Institut Teknologi Garut
Authors: Setiawan Ridwan , Heryanto Deni , Rifaldy Faizal
Published: July 2024

Lama waktu penyelesaian tugas akhir atau skripsi menjadi salah satu hal yang penting dalam proses penyelesaian studi mahasiswa, di mana beberapa penyebab keterlambatan penyelesaian skripsi dipengaruhi beberapa hal yang di antaranya proses pengerjaan oleh mahasiswa diakhirkan, kurangnya intensitas bimbingan, kurangnya motivasi penyelesaian, dan aktivitas monitoring. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem monitoring tugas akhir dengan menerapkan API WhastApp sebagai notifikasi kepada mahasiswa untuk memberikan peringatan kepada mahasiswa yang memiliki progres lambat. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan perangkat lunak menggunakan Agile dengan framework Scrum dengan pemodelan sistem menggunakan Use Case Diagram dan skenario Use Case dengan bahasa pemrograman menggunakan PHP dan MySQL sebagai DBMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mahasiswa, dosen, dan koordinator skripsi dapat melihat progres melalui dashboard dan notifikasi melalui WhatsApp. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Institut Teknologi Garut dengan studi kasus yang diambil pada salah satu jurusan yaitu Ilmu Komputer. Sistem yang dibangun dapat memantau progres tugas akhir mahasiswa, memberikan notifikasi kepada mahasiswa yang tidak melakukan bimbingan dalam waktu tertentu, memberikan peringatan, dan motivasi kepada mahasiswa sehingga mendorong komunikasi dan keterlibatan yang lebih baik di antara mahasiswa dan pembimbing dalam penyelesaian tugas akhir, sedangkan penerapan Framework Scrum pada pembangunan sistem terjadi keterlambatan penyelesaian dari estimasi meski masih dalam status wajar.
Comparison of Extreme Learning Machine Methods and Support Vector Regression for Predicting Bank Share Prices in Indonesia
Authors: Setiadi Williem Kevin , Prasetyo Vincentius Riandaru , Kartikasari Fitri Dwi
Published: July 2024

Investing is the practice of postponing current consumption to obtain more significant value in the future. One profitable form of investment is stock investment, where investors buy company shares to benefit from appreciation in share value or dividend payments. Before investing in shares, investors need to pay attention to movements in the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG), which reflects the performance of the Indonesian stock market. The Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) recorded around 740 companies listed in 2021. The BEI also compiled the LQ45 list of 45 stocks with the largest market capitalization, including the four largest banks in Indonesia. However, investing in bank shares only sometimes produces profits due to share price fluctuations. Stock price analysis and price movement predictions are important steps before investing. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) methods are techniques used to predict time series data. This research compares the performance of the two methods in predicting stock prices of the big 4 Indonesian banks. The dataset used in this research comes from the Yahoo Finance site, which was taken since the market crash recovery period due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the evaluation conducted, both the ELM and SVR methods are effective for predicting the share prices of the big four Indonesian banks. In terms of accuracy, the SVR method outperforms the ELM method due to its superior MAPE value. However, when considering computing time, the ELM method is more efficient than the SVR method.
Forecasting Model of Export and Import Value of Oil and Gas Using Gated Recurrent Unit Method
Authors: Saputra Ilham Adji , Vitianingsih Anik Vega , Kristyawan Yudi , Maukar Anastasia Lidya , Rusdi Jack Febrian
Published: July 2024

Indonesia’s natural resources are abundant, including oil and gas. It is one of the countries active in international trade, including exports and imports. Oil and gas exports are a significant source of income for the country, encouraging economic growth. Oil and gas imports are very important to meet domestic energy needs, which continue to increase in demand. Increasing oil and gas imports can increase the trade balance, which can affect the country’s economic stability if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports. Forecasting is a solution to overcome these problems by forecasting the value of oil and gas exports and imports. The gated recurrent unit (GRU) method is used for forecasting in this study because it has a simple computation and fairly high accuracy. The dataset used is monthly time series data from 1993 to 2023 from the website of the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). The MAPE results on the GRU model forecast the value of oil and gas exports and imports at 12.19% and 14.30%, respectively. The best average forecasting of export and import values obtained a MAPE of 13.38%.
Perbaikan Akurasi Random Forest Dengan ANOVA Dan SMOTE Pada Klasifikasi Data Stunting
Authors: Dhani Ari Ahmad , Siswa Taghfirul Azhima Yoga , Pranoto Wawan Joko
Published: July 2024

Stunting terus menjadi isu kesehatan masyarakat yang kritis di Indonesia, khususnya di Kota Samarinda yang mencatat prevalensi sebesar 25,3% pada tahun 2022, menjadi yang tertinggi kedua di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Di tengah prioritas nasional untuk riset 2020-2024, penggunaan data mining untuk klasifikasi stunting memperlihatkan potensi yang signifikan namun tetap menghadapi tantangan dalam menangani data berdimensi tinggi dan ketidakseimbangan kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akurasi klasifikasi stunting menggunakan metode Random Forest (RF) yang diintegrasikan dengan seleksi fitur ANOVA dan teknik SMOTE untuk menyeimbangkan kelas. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Samarinda, meliputi 26 Puskesmas dengan 21 atribut dan total 150.466 record. Teknik validasi yang dipakai adalah cross-validation k =10. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan akurasi dari 98,83% menjadi 99,77% naik sebesar 0,94% setelah penerapan seleksi fitur ANOVA. Fitur ZS TB/U, ZS BB/U, dan BB/U diidentifikasi sebagai yang paling berpengaruh. Peningkatan ini menunjukkan efektivitas integrasi metode dalam mengatasi masalah stunting pada dataset yang kompleks dan tidak seimbang, ini diharapkan dapat mendukung kebijakan dan intervensi kesehatan lebih lanjut di kawasan tersebut.
Exploration of Software as a Service (SaaS) as a Project Management Tools
Authors: Liliana  , Soesanto Daniel , Prijambodo Bambang , Ohanna Jasti
Published: July 2024

Companies increasingly adopt software as a Service (SaaS) as a project management tool. SaaS offers greater flexibility, availability, and accessibility than traditional information system software. In this study, SaaS is used as the basis for creating project management applications, including recording work plans, the progress of each user's performance, and meeting documentation. The stages of the literature study are carried out by looking at journals and books. The trial was carried out using black-box testing. Verification trials are carried out by involving a team of programmers to see the flow of the system algorithm. Validation trials are carried out by asking various users involved in project implementation to try the system and asking users to fill out questionnaires related to the ease of use of project management features. The two stages of the trial showed good results, as evidenced by 77.8% of users stating that the SaaS concept really helped them with the flexibility of system installation with a short waiting time. Meanwhile, 76.16% of users stated that the features provided and their configuration could help them in project management. The research results show that SaaS has great potential to help companies to manage projects effectively. In future research, various factors in different project management can be explored deeper, so that SaaS becomes more configurable and used by a wider variety of users.
The Adaptation of Digital Health Solutions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary: A Scoping Review
Authors: Döbrössy Bence , Girasek Edmond , Győrffy Zsuzsa
Published: July 2024

Background: Before the pandemic, digital health was merely a potential alternative to established systems of health care provision in Hungary. The technology was available but there was no governmental strategy regarding digital health use and development. The legal framework for digital solutions in healthcare was fragmented. COVID-19 created conditions in which digital solutions became the most feasible form of healthcare provision. We present the legislative and policy making activities of the Hungarian government during the pandemic aimed at enhancing the organised and systematic use of these technologies. Methods: The core method used in our research is a review of legislation using the principles and methods of a systematic literature review. We searched the National Legislation Database for digital health related legislation for the period 31 January 2020 – 1 June 2022. To provide the context for the analysis, other relevant documents were identified through desk research. Results: Although established in 2017, the Electronic Health Records were only widely used after the onset of the pandemic. Hungary used temporary state of emergency regulations to facilitate an increase in the number of teleconsultations. Our search identified 7 pieces of legislation that enabled health care providers to put digital solutions to instant use. They defined the conditions health care providers must meet for teleconsultations, set what interventions may be done, what can be reimbursed and dealt with security issues. The National Health Informatics Strategy of July 2021 is complex but mainly deals with technical issues. The three basic principles of the strategy are people centeredness, digital transformation and integrated care. Conclusion: Hungarian digital health solutions and policies fare well in international comparison. This is due to the intensive legislative activity of the pandemic period. The National Health Informatics Strategy ensures that the digital health solutions implemented during the pandemic outlive COVID-19.
Achieving Diagnostic Excellence: Roadmaps to Develop and Use Patient-Reported Measures With an Equity Lens
Authors: McDonald Kathryn M. , Gleason Kelly T. , Jajodia Anushka , Haskell Helen , Dukhanin Vadim
Published: July 2024

Background: Diagnostic excellence refers to the optimal process to attain an accurate and precise explanation about a patient’s condition and incorporates the perspectives of patients and their care partners. Patient-reported measures (PRMs), designed to capture patient-reported information, have potential to contribute to achieving diagnostic excellence. We aimed to craft a set of roadmaps illustrating goals and guiding the development of PRMs for diagnostic excellence ("Roadmaps"). Methods: We used iterative inputs from environmental literature scans, expert consultations, and patient voice and employed human-centred design (HCD) and equity-focused road-mapping. The culminating activity of these approaches was an Expert Convening. Results: Use of PRMs can achieve multiple goals for diagnostic excellence, including but not limited to: (1) PRMs for diagnostic continuity, (2) diagnostic PRM alerts, (3) PRM-based quality improvement, (4) PRMs for research, (5) PRMs for routine screening, (6) PRM-based diagnostic excellence population-level patterns, and (7) PRMs supporting patient storytelling. Equity is considered as a cross-cutting goal. Altogether these and future goals support operationalising a vision of patient-reported diagnostic excellence. Roadmaps were developed as a dynamic tool to illustrate PRMs in relation to specific steps with feedback loops to accomplish goals, anticipated timeframes (8-15 years), synergies to foster, and challenges to overcome. Roadmaps are practical in their following PRMs through the stages of development, endorsement, implementation and scaling, and acting upon those measures. Timeframe estimates assume immediate transitions between these stages and no acceleration through incentives and active coordination. Conclusion: PRMs for diagnostic excellence have potential to connect patient perspectives, equity, and achievable goals. Roadmaps offer a design approach to enable coordinating measurement activities among diverse stakeholders. Roadmaps also highlight versatility in ways patient-reported information can be collected and used, from clinical settings to public health contexts. Patient-reported diagnostic excellence cannot be established as a solely top-down endeavour, but inherently benefits from bottom-up approaches.
Continuing Education in Digital Skills for Healthcare Professionals — Mapping of the Current Situation in EU Member States
Authors: Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Virtanen Lotta , Kainiemi Emma , Sulosaari Virpi , Heponiemi Tarja
Published: July 2024

The rapid advancement of technology in healthcare is creating new competency requirements for professionals, such as skills for data management and the adoption of new technologies, understanding the effect of digitalisation on clinical processes, and evaluating clinical safety and ethics within the context of digitalisation. These requirements call for improved educational curricula and ongoing continuing education in digital skills. This study, as part of the Digital Skills Training for Health Care Professionals in Oncology (DigiCanTrain) project, aims to map and describe the existing continuing education in digital skills for healthcare professionals (HCPs) in European Union (EU) Member States. Using a mapping study methodology, data was collected from experts in 25 EU countries through surveys and from online sources. Qualitative content analysis was used for categorising the data. The results show variations between countries in policy strategies, training organisation, and funding mechanisms. Educational institutions, employers, third parties, and national/regional authorities were found to be the main organisers of the digital skills training. Comprehensive accreditation systems seemed to be scarce, and practices also varied between countries. The study highlights the importance of adopting a systematic approach to enhancing continuous professional development in digital skills, which would ensure that professionals have equitable access to education, resulting in consistent, quality patient care across countries and regions. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, educators, healthcare institutions, and professionals.
Generating Political Priority for the Health Needs of the 21st Century: A Qualitative Policy Analysis on the Prioritization of Rehabilitation Services in Uganda
Authors: Neill Rachel , Rutebemberwa Elizeus , Tweheyo Raymond , Ojulo Sam Tukei , Okello Gerald , Bachani Abdulgafoor M. , Shawar Yusra Ribhi
Published: July 2024

Background: Few low- or middle-income countries have prioritized the expansion of rehabilitation services. Existing scholarship has identified that problem definition, governance, and structural factors are influential in the prioritization of rehabilitation. The objective of this study was to identify the factors influencing the prioritization and implementation of rehabilitation services in Uganda. Methods: A case study design was utilized. The Prioritization of Rehabilitation in National Health Systems framework guided the study. Data sources included 33 key informant interviews with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders and peer-reviewed and grey literature on rehabilitation in Uganda. A thematic content analysis and concept map were conducted to analyze the data. Results: Rehabilitation is an unfunded priority in Uganda, garnering political attention but failing to receive adequate financial or human resource allocation. The national legacy of rehabilitation as a social program, instead of a health program, has influenced its present-day prioritization trajectory. These include a fragmented governance system, a weak advocacy coalition without a unified objective or champion, and a lack of integration into existing health systems structures that makes it challenging to scale-up service provision. Our findings highlight the interactive influences of structural, governance, and framing factors on prioritization and the importance of historical context in understanding both prioritization and implementation. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate challenges in prioritizing emerging, multi-sectoral health areas like rehabilitation. Strategic considerations for elevating rehabilitation on Uganda’s policy agenda include generating credible indicators to quantify the nature and extent of the population’s need and uniting governmental and non-governmental actors around a common vision for rehabilitation’s expansion. We present opportunities for strengthening rehabilitation, both in Uganda and in similar contexts grappling with many health sector priorities and limited resources.
The Economic Rationale for Healthcare Reform
Authors: Ikegami Naoki
Published: July 2024

Healthcare reform is analyzed from an economic perspective. First, the economic rationale for providing access to healthcare lies in the benefit from knowing that those without means would be able to access health services. However, this does not explain why they should be entitled to the same quality of service. In practice, even in high-income countries, patients who are willing and able to pay tend to have better access to specialist services. Secondly, the division of labor has not increased efficiency in healthcare because health services are provided by professionals who have autonomy. However, efficiency can be increased by standardizing the process with clinical pathways and shifting service delivery from physicians to nurses and technicians. Thirdly, cost-effectiveness analysis is being used to making decisions on listing pharmaceutical products in the national formulary, but pricing and prescribing have continued to be made idiosyncratically. Lastly, Japan’s healthcare system is analyzed based on this framework.
Assessment of the product carbon footprint of office equipment across the entire life cycle
Authors: Wojciechowski Hubert , Domański Roman
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The aim of the article is to publicise the issue of carbon footprint emission from office equipment because this problem is not yet widely recognised in the ICT industry.  Methodology/approach: The product carbon footprint (PCF) of various information and communication technologies (ICT) was assessed - 196 products of 12 groups representing a broad spectrum of office equipment - covering the entire life cycle (LCA) from production to disposal. Findings: The level of carbon footprint of a given office device depends on its size, including its energy demand. It should be noted that although smaller devices individually have a smaller carbon footprint, due to their common use (many pieces), they may generate emissions similar to larger ones. Originality/value: The results of the carbon footprint statistics of ICT devices included in the result section may constitute valuable input for companies to calculate the carbon footprint in offices. They can also be used as a data set for the carbon footprint calculator of ICT devices.
SOCIOCULTURAL EDUCATION OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION AS A SYNERGETIC SYSTEM
Authors: Spiridonova A.A. , Aryabkina I.V.
Published: July 2024

This article attempts to consider sociocultural education as a synergetic system and proposes a model of sociocultural education of the younger generation.