bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of life, self-reported outcomes and impact of education among people with moderate and severe hemophilia A: An integrated perspective from a Latin American country
Authors: Torres Liliana , Peñuela Oscar , Forero Maria del Rosario , Satizabal Juan , Salazar Ximena , Benavides Diana , Gamarra Raul , Rivera Marcela , Vizcaya David , Franco Juan-Sebastian
Published: July 2023

Collecting and interpreting self-reported outcomes among people with hemophilia A supports the understanding of the burden of the disease and its treatment to improve holistic care. However, in Colombia, this information is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the knowledge, perception and burden of hemophilia A from the patients’ perspective. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the context of a hemophilia educational bootcamp held from November 29th to December 1st, 2019, in Medellin, Colombia. The bootcamp was organized by a hemophilia patient association responsible for contacting and inviting patients with hemophilia A (PwHA). Information on patients’ health beliefs, treatment experiences, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was obtained through focus groups, individual interviews and the Patient Reported Outcomes, Burdens and Experiences (PROBE) questionnaire. A total of 25 moderate or severe PwHA were enrolled in this study and completed the PROBE questionnaire. Acute pain was the most frequently reported symptom, with 88% of the patients reporting the use of pain medication. Difficulty with activities of daily living was reported by 48%. Furthermore, 52% reported having more than 2 spontaneous bleeding events in the last year. Treatment was administered at home for 72% of patients, with regular prophylaxis as the most common treatment regimen. In terms of overall HRQoL, the median EQ-5D VAS score was 80 (IQR: 50–100). PwHA in Colombia still suffer from disease complications related to bleeding events, pain and disability that affect their HRQoL, which highlights the need to develop patient-centered initiatives to improve the wellness of this population.
The impact of electronic health record discontinuity on prediction modeling
Authors: Kar Shreyas , Bessette Lily G. , Wyss Richard , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Lin Kueiyu Joshua
Published: July 2023

Background

To determine the impact of electronic health record (EHR)-discontinuity on the performance of prediction models.

Methods

The study population consisted of patients with a history of cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities identified using US Medicare claims data from 2007 to 2017, linked to EHR from two networks (used as model training and validation set, respectively). We built models predicting one-year risk of mortality, major CV events, and major bleeding events, stratified by high vs. low algorithm-predicted EHR-continuity. The best-performing models for each outcome were chosen among 5 commonly used machine-learning models. We compared model performance by Area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and Area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC).

Results

Based on 180,950 in the training and 103,061 in the validation set, we found EHR captured only 21.0–28.1% of all the non-fatal outcomes in the low EHR-continuity cohort but 55.4–66.1% of that in the high EHR-continuity cohort. In the validation set, the best-performing model developed among high EHR-continuity patients had consistently higher AUROC than that based on low-continuity patients: AUROC was 0.849 vs. 0.743 when predicting mortality; AUROC was 0.802 vs. 0.659 predicting the CV events; AUROC was 0.635 vs. 0.567 predicting major bleeding. We observed a similar pattern when using AUPRC as the outcome metric.

Conclusions

Among patients with CV comorbidities, when predicting mortality, major CV events, and bleeding outcomes, the prediction models developed in datasets with low EHR-continuity consistently had worse performance compared to models developed with high EHR-continuity.
The viral picture of well-being: Biggest concerns, losses, and unintended gifts of COVID-19 in the Philippines
Authors: Tuason Ma. Teresa , Perniciaro Kelly , Lamadrid Richel , Mallillin Jego , Güss C. Dominik
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed more than anticipated about global human functioning and resiliency. This Philippines-based study replicated a recent U.S. COVID analysis on psychological well-being (PWB). Factors examined herein were grouped into categories for analysis: 1) predictors of PWB, 2) areas of greatest stress or worry (biggest concerns), 3) perceived or real losses across SES, and 4) identified “unintended gifts” across PWB. Participants (n = 1345) were volunteers who responded to an online survey from August to September 2021, peak of the Delta variant. Three general groups of predictors (biological, psychological, and socio-economic) contributed to PWB. A regression model containing a total of 11 variables was significant,F(11, 1092) = 116.02,p< .00, explaining 53.9% of the variance. The model indicated PWB was significantly predicted by physical health, age, spirituality, emotional loneliness, social loneliness, sense of agency, and income. The strongest predictors of PWB were a sense of agency, social loneliness, and spirituality. Qualitative data analysis was conducted examining biggest concerns, losses due to COVID, and unintended gifts. Top ranking participant concerns were the health of family and friends, personal wellness, and governmental inefficiency/lack of concern. Losses compared to pre-COVID life were analyzed by SES group, with the most frequent responses being missing face-to-face interactions and the freedom to go/do what they please. Low SES groups were most likely to endorse missing everyday routine and experiencing changes in housing conditions due to the pandemic. Unintended gifts of COVID explored by PWB, high PWB individuals significantly appreciated intentional time with family and friends, deepening their spiritual lives, the ability to work from home, less pollution, and more time for physical exercise. Low PWB individuals reported nothing gained, except more time playing video games and watching TV. Those with higher PWB identified more unintended gifts of COVID and coped more actively.
To eat or not to eat mitochondria? How do host cells cope with mitophagy upon bacterial infection?
Authors: Verbeke Jérémy , De Bolle Xavier , Arnould Thierry
Published: July 2023

Mitochondria fulfil a plethora of cellular functions ranging from energy production to regulation of inflammation and cell death control. The fundamental role of mitochondria makes them a target of choice for invading pathogens, with either an intracellular or extracellular lifestyle. Indeed, the modulation of mitochondrial functions by several bacterial pathogens has been shown to be beneficial for bacterial survival inside their host. However, so far, relatively little is known about the importance of mitochondrial recycling and degradation pathways through mitophagy in the outcome (success or failure) of bacterial infection. On the one hand, mitophagy could be considered as a defensive response triggered by the host upon infection to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, on the other hand, the pathogen itself may initiate the host mitophagy to escape from mitochondrial-mediated inflammation or antibacterial oxidative stress. In this review, we will discuss the diversity of various mechanisms of mitophagy in a general context, as well as what is currently known about the different bacterial pathogens that have developed strategies to manipulate the host mitophagy.
USP12 promotes antiviral responses by deubiquitinating and stabilizing IFI16
Authors: Fu Yuling , Zhan Xiaoxia , You Xiaolong , Nie Dingnai , Mai Haiyan , Chen Yitian , He Shitong , Sheng Junli , Zeng Zhijie , Li Hongwei , Li Jinlong , Hu Shengfeng
Published: July 2023

Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) regulate antiviral immune response through targeting DNA sensor signaling pathway members. As one of the DNA sensors, interferon (IFN)-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16) play a major role in response to virus infections through activating the canonical STING/TBK-1/IRF3 signaling pathway. Only a few studies discuss the function of DUBs in IFI16-mediated antiviral response. Ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (USP12), which is one of the major members of the USP family, participates in various biological functions. However, whether USP12 regulates the nucleic acid sensor to modulate antiviral immune responses has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we found that knockout or knockdown of USP12 impaired the HSV-1-induced expressions of IFN-β, CCL-5, IL-6, and downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Moreover, USP12 deficiency increased HSV-1 replication and host susceptibility to HSV-1 infection. Mechanistically, USP12 inhibited the proteasome-dependent degradation of IFI16 through its deubiquitinase activity, thereby maintaining IFI16 stability and promoting IFI16-STING-IRF3- and p65-mediated antiviral signaling. Overall, our findings demonstrate an essential role of USP12 in DNA-sensing signaling and contribute to the understanding of deubiquitination-mediated regulation of innate antiviral responses.
NOG1 downregulates type I interferon production by targeting phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3
Authors: Xue Qiao , Zhu Zixiang , Xue Zhaoning , Yang Fan , Cao Weijun , Liu Xiangtao , Liu Huisheng , Zheng Haixue
Published: July 2023

The innate immune system is the first line of the host’s defense, and studying the mechanisms of the negative regulation of interferon (IFN) signaling is important for maintaining the balance of innate immune responses. Here, we found that the host GTP-binding protein 4 (NOG1) is a negative regulator of innate immune responses. Overexpression of NOG1 inhibited viral RNA- and DNA-mediated signaling pathways, and NOG1 deficiency promoted the antiviral innate immune response, resulting in the ability of NOG1 to promote viral replication. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection induced a higher level of IFN-β protein in NOG1 deficient mice. Meanwhile, NOG1-deficient mice were more resistant to VSV and HSV-1 infection. NOG1 inhibited type I IFN production by targeting IRF3. NOG1 was also found to interact with phosphorylated IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to impair its DNA binding activity, thereby downregulating the transcription of IFN-β and downstream IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). The GTP binding domain of NOG1 is responsible for this process. In conclusion, our study reveals an underlying mechanism of how NOG1 negatively regulates IFN-β by targeting IRF3, which uncovers a novel role of NOG1 in host innate immunity.
La nutrición y el ejercicio como factores a considerar en el Síndrome de Down
Authors: Hernández Barrera María Pilar , Domínguez-del-Toro Eduardo
Published: July 2023

El síndrome de Down (SD) es una de las patologías genéticas más comunes que alteran el cuerpo humano desde un aspecto neuronal hasta un aspecto cardio-metabólico. Es una enfermedad que en resumen produce una alteración de los lípidos, azúcares y proteínas en el organismo, por lo que su afectación es multiorgánica. El diseño de esta revisión se basa en la idea de que la dieta y el estilo de vida, junto con el ejercicio físico, pueden alterar positivamente los efectos de la enfermedad en el cuerpo, por lo que el objetivo de la revisión es buscar si existe una relación entre el estilo de vida saludable y una mejora en la calidad de vida de las personas con SD. Como Método se ha utilizado la revisión bibliográfica de artículos, casos clínicos y estudios científicos originales relacionados con la dieta, el ejercicio y el estilo de vida en individuos afectados por el SD, tomando como criterio de inclusión los que mencionaban nutrición, ejercicio físico y SD, y como principal criterio de exclusión, aquellos artículos que no mencionaban ninguno de estos factores o no los relacionaban entre sí. Esta revisión ha mostrado resultados opuestos, desde estudios que demuestran que no existe el rigor científico suficiente para declarar que el estilo de vida puede influir en el SD, hasta estudios que, en su mayoría, muestran lo contrario, con mejoras en la salud de los participantes, lo que reduce los factores de riesgo que están asociados a disminuir la esperanza de vida de estos individuos.
¿Qué enseña el social media? Influencers y followers ante la educación informal en redes sociales.
Authors: Collado-Alonso Rocío , Picazo-Sánchez Laura , López-Pastor Ana-Teresa , García-Matilla Agustín
Published: July 2023

Las potencialidades educativas de redes sociales como Instagram, YouTube o TikTok marcan las relaciones entre influencers (influyentes) y quienes les siguen (followers). Ambos tienen una visión específica sobre lo que se enseña y se aprende a través de la experiencia de uso, y esta percepción depende también del objetivo de las personas creadoras de contenido, su responsabilidad social o ética y su vocación de servicio público. El objetivo de este trabajo, enmarcado en una amplia investigación centrada en la ética en los social media, es comprobar la correspondencia entre las enseñanzas que quienes son influencers creen trasladar y el aprendizaje que sus followers afirman obtener, identificando, además, las posibles disfunciones de este intercambio comunicativo, el nivel de influencia que estos procesos de opinión tienen en estos públicos y la responsabilidad social y ética que reflejan en la difusión de sus contenidos, así como los conocimientos que ambos grupos tienen sobre educomunicación. Para ello, se realiza un estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas en profundidad a 13 influencers y a 24 followers, procesadas mediante análisis temático con la herramienta Atlas.ti. Los resultados revelan diferencias entre influencers y creadores/as de contenido, su alcance y la responsabilidad ética de cada grupo. Asimismo, las personas seguidoras adolecen de actitud crítica suficiente, pero extraen buenos aprendizajes de la sociedad digital. La educomunicación se revela como necesidad para una interacción libre, segura y crítica con los social media.
Hibridaciones de la industria cinematográfica y el hipersector audiovisual-TIC [Editorial]
Authors: Gómez-Pérez Francisco-Javier , Sánchez-Mesa-Mar´tínez Domingo
Published: July 2023

El presente monográfico queremos dedicarlo “in memoriam” al Catedrático en Comunicación Audiovisual de la Universidad de Granada, el Dr. D. Jordi Alberich-Pascual, fallecido el pasado 6 de febrero de 2023, quien dedicó gran parte de su investigación al estudio de la hibridación del audiovisual y las tecnologías de la comunicación audiovisual. Él, junto al Dr. D. Francisco-Javier Gómez-Pérez, había lanzado el call for papers del presente monográfico, dentro de las actuaciones de transferencia de conocimiento del Proyecto I+D+I “La industria cinematográfica andaluza en el hipersector audiovisual-TIC: retos y oportunidades (CINATIC)” (Ref. B-SEJ-370-UGR20), de la convocatoria de la Universidad de Granada de ayudas a Proyectos I+D+I del 5 de febrero de 2020, en el marco del Programa Operativo FEDER 2014-2020. Dicho proyecto ha financiado la traducción al inglés de los artículos de este monográfico, el cual ha sido coeditado junto al Dr. D. Domingo Sánchez-Mesa-Martínez.
Tesoros marinos. La ruta diamante, el auténtico open access [Editorial]
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria
Published: July 2023

Procurar una ciencia abierta es objetivo explícito formal desde la Budapest Open Access Initiative, una propuesta de Open Society Foundation, fundada por Soros (empresario y filántropo) en 2001. Open Society es la 6ª fundación privada de carácter filantrópico que más ha contribuido al desarrollo en 2021 (OCDE, 2022). Dos décadas después, la UNESCO realizó una serie de Recomendaciones sobre Ciencia Abierta (2021), un concepto que aglutina distintas iniciativas encaminadas a hacer del conocimiento científico algo accesible, disponible y reutilizable para toda la comunidad científica y la ciudadanía, que logre multiplicar las colaboraciones entre el personal investigador y la transferencia efectiva, en todas sus versiones: universidad-universidad/centros de investigación; universidad-administración pública; universidad-empresa y universidad-sociedad.
torno al uso de recursos digitales para la investigación y la enseñanza de la Historia Moderna
Authors: Artola Renedo Andoni , Chaparro Sainz  Álvaro
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo aborda, desde la Historia Moderna, el uso de recursos digitales en dos ámbitos que, según los autores, deberían estar mejor imbricados: investigación y enseñanza. En una primera parte, se exponen algunos recursos archivísticos cuyo uso elemental podría contribuir a una comprensión más compleja de los procesos históricos por parte del alumnado en distintas etapas formativas. En la segunda parte, desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo descriptivo, el trabajo se centra en los recursos más propiamente dirigidos a la enseñanza, analizando específicamente aquellos materiales relacionados con la Historia Moderna que se encuentran en los repositorios de uso más habitual.
Enhancing Fastness and Ultraviolet Protection Factor of Pelthophorum pterocarpum Natural Dye by Titania Nanoparticles Modification
Authors: Budiasih K.S. , Kusumawardani C. , Khoirunisa I.
Published: July 2023

The harmful effects of synthetic dyes on the environment can be mitigated through the use of natural dyes in textiles. However, textile dyeing with natural dyes has low brightness and colour resistance. TiO2 nanoparticles modified copper pod (Pelthophorum pterocarpum) dye (TMCD) was studied to enhance the fastness and ultraviolet protection factor of fabrics dyeing. This study was conducted using a cotton fabrics which processed by some mordant agents. TiO2 in various amount were dispersed in aqueous copper pod bark solution and produced a modified copper pod natural dye. Investigation of the dyed fabrics was conducted in 3 parameters viz. the colour direction, fastness values toward sunlight and ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). The results showed that the mordant agents affect the final colour palette and brightness, suggesting that TiO2 improved the colour intensity and fastness value of copper pod dye. It also enhanced the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of dyed fabrics by 3-8 point higher than the control groups.
Isolation of Bioactive Constituent from the Leaves of Acalypha indica L. and Evaluated in vitro Larvicidal and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Palanisamy Karumalaiyan , Gurunathan Velayutham , Sivapriya Jothilingam
Published: July 2023

The process of mosquito control using synthetic substances having lot of hazardous effects to human and the environment. So, there is an urgent need to develop plant based insecticides. The ethanolic extract of medicinal plant Acalypha indica leaves was imperiled to preliminary phytochemical screening, bioactive fraction isolation, larvicidal activity and molecular docking studies. Preliminary phytochemical screening displayed the existence of steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, sugars and saponins in ethanolic extract of Acalypha indica L. The isolated bioactive compound was confirmed by using spectroscopic methods such as GC-MS, FT-IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and elemental analyses. The spectroscopic data confirmed the isolated compound was bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (1). Compound 1 exerted more larvicidal activity than plant powder and its ethanolic extract with an LD50 value of 38.23 μg/mL, which was better than that of control permethrin with an LD50 value of 54.05 μg/mL. Plant powder and ethanolic extract were moderate larvicidal effect towards C. quinquefasciatus with LD50 values of >100 and 75.13 μg/mL, respectively. The molecular docking studies shows significant supporting evidence for larvicidal activity.
Radical Chemistry: A Brief History and Overview
Authors: Mandal A.
Published: July 2023

The radical chemistry is a fascinating field of research and a review of the applications till date is ready guidance to research groups exploring the area. From the vast field of radical research, the present work mainly is concentrated on biological processes involving metal complexes with bound radicals with the superoxide species as the principal focus. This review on the aspects are distinctly divided into three categories for convenience and ready reference.
Synthesis of Poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) Bioplastic with Bio-based Isosorbide Diester
Authors: Phromsopha Theeraphol , Baimark Yodthong
Published: July 2023

In situ chain-extended poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) (PLLA-PEG-PLLA) block copolymers synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide in the presence of chain extender were more flexible than PLLA. However, flexibility of PLLA-PEG-PLLA requires further improvement to broaden its applications. Herein, plasticization of PLLA-PEG-PLLA with an isosorbide diester bio-based plasticizer (5-20 %wt) is described. PLLA/isosorbide diester blends were also prepared for comparison. The blends prepared via melt blending revealed that isosorbide diester showed good phase compatibility with both the PLLA and PLLA-PEG-PLLA. The addition of isosorbide diester significantly enhanced plastic deformation of cryo-fracture surfaces for PLLA-PEG-PLLA-based blends whereas the plastic deformation was started at 20 %wt isosorbide diester for PLLA-based blends. Crystallization properties and thermal stability of PLLA-PEG-PLLA greatly improved after the addition of isosorbide diester but did not increase the thermal stability for PLLA-based blends. The strains at break of the PLLA-PEG-PLLA-based blends containing 5 %wt, 10 %wt and 20 %wt isosorbide diester were 89.9%, 145.3% and 110.5%, respectively: these were higher than the pure PLLA-PEG-PLLA (59.8%). The plastic deformation, thermal stability and strain at break of the PLLA-PEG-PLLA-based blends increased greatly with content of isosorbide diester, reaching a maximum at 10 %wt isosorbide diester. Therefore, isosorbide diester is promising as a bio-based plasticizer for PLLA-PEG-PLLA to produce highly flexible PLLA-based bioplastics.
Recycling Used-Coffee Grounds into Hierarchical Nanostructured Carbon for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Rajasekar C. , Ranjitha M. Roselin , Kumar K. Thileep , Kalaivani RA. , Raghu S.
Published: July 2023

Hierarchical nanostructured activated carbon electrode material was prepared from the used-coffee grounds to fabricate a cost-effective, scalable and high-performance symmetric supercapacitor. The interconnected, disordered and microporous material was synthesized in a simple two-stage method of chemical activation with zinc chloride followed by direct pyrolysis of the coffee grounds at 900 ºC in nitrogen atmosphere. The N2 adsorption and desorption analysis showed that the prepared material had an extraordinary surface area of ~1178 m2 g-1. The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor device in non-aqueous tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4) electrolyte exhibited 2.7 V cell voltage with superior specific capacitance, energy and power density of 129 F g–1, 56.4 Wh kg–1 and 797.9 W kg–1, respectively. Besides, it also had a high specific capacitance retention of 99% even after 10,000 cycles. This work demonstrated an effective approach to transform coffee grounds into high performance electrode material for renewable energy devices. The observed electrochemical performance evidently showed that the materials derived from waste coffee grounds could be recycled into potential electrode material for supercapacitors. The cost-effectiveness and abundance of waste coffee grounds combined with the simple activation process and high performance of the synthesized material increased its feasibility for commercial applications in energy storage devices.
Violence against adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Arisanti Nita , Dewi Putri Sartika , Kania Nia , Dhamayanti Meita
Published: July 2023

Background Violence against children includes all forms of violence against people under 18 years old, whether perpetrated by parents or other caregivers, peers, romantic partners, or strangers. During the COVID-19 pandemic, strained parent-child relationships due to family financial pressure, physical or mental health problems, and lockdown conditions that kept families at home and in close proximity for long periods of time might have exacerbated any underlying tensions. 

Objective To describe violence against adolescents in Bandung during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the form of psychological violence, physical violence, neglect, and sexual abuse.

Methods This descriptive study was held from October to December 2020. Subjects were adolescents aged 12-18 years attending junior and senior high school in Bandung. Subjects filled the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-for Children (ICAST-C) questionnaire (Indonesian version).

Results The most common forms of violence experienced by adolescents in Bandung during the COVID-19 pandemic were being ignored (psychological violence), startled aggressively (physical violence), and being made to feel unimportant (neglect). Sexual abuse was reported by a minority of subjects.

Conclusion The predominant type of violence against adolescents in Bandung during the COVID-19 pandemic was psychological violence, followed by physical violence and neglect.
Metropolen oder Mittelstädte?
Authors: Gatzweiler Hans-Peter
Published: July 2023

Die Frage „Metropolen oder Mittelstädte?“ stellt sich in den 90er Jahren vor allem im Hinblick auf die räumliche Verteilung der in den alten Ländern zu erwartenden Bevölkerungszunahme von über 5 Mio. Menschen. Die Spielräume für eine rasche Integration dieser starken Zunahme sind in einer Reihe von Agglomerationen begrenzt, da das planerisch abgesicherte, erschlossene und marktverfügbare Baulandangebot nahezu ausgeschöpft ist und kurz- wie mittelfristig große Schwierigkeiten bestehen, neues Bauland im nötigen Umfang bereitzustellen.Diese (neue) Ausgangssituation in den alten Ländern verlangt nach einer konsequenten Dezentralisierungspolitik sowohl auf einer überregionalen Ebene (stadtregionale Außenentwicklung) als auch in den Stadtregionen selbst (stadtregionale Innenentwicklung). Zwangsläufig geraten damit mittelstädtische Regionen und Mittelstädte wieder stärker ins Blickfeld von Raumordnung und Städtebau.Mittelstädte – als „goldene Mitte“ zwischen Stadt und Land – kennzeichnet insbesondere die Kombination „Vorteile der Metropolen ohne ihre Nachteile“ plus „Vorteile des ländlichen Raumes ohne seine Nachteile“. Gelingt es, diese Konzeption zu verwirklichen, können sowohl der von den Metropolen ausgehende weitere flächenhafte Suburbanisierungsprozeß als auch eine weitere disperse Siedlungsentwicklung in verstädterten Räumen vermieden werden.Maßnahmen und Instrumente zur Umsetzung dieser Konzeption verlangen nach einer verstärkten, aktiven Rolle der Bundesraumordnung und Landesplanung und nach einer Bündelung aller Förderinstrumente, die geeignet sind, regionale und örtliche Standortbedingungen im Hinblick auf die räumliche und soziale Integration eines erheblichen künftigen Bevölkerungszuwachses zu verbessern und auszubauen.Die Umsetzung und Verwirklichung von Konzepten der dezentralen Konzentration trägt einer raumordnungs- und städtebaupolitischen Problemanalyse Rechnung, die den künftig zu erwartenden Bevölkerungszuwachs und dessen Integration nicht in erster Linie als Mengen-, sondern als (räumliches) Verteilungsproblem betrachtet.
Grundzüge einer entwicklungspotentialorientierten Ausgestaltung der „Gemeinschaftsaufgabe ‚Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur‘“
Authors: Scharff Reinhard
Published: July 2023

Die bislang im Rahmen der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe „Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur“ praktizierte Regionalpolitik kann kurz als Strategie des mittleren Weges bezeichnet werden. Die Strategie des mittleren Weges versucht durch die räumlich und örtlich konzentrierte Förderung von v. a. gewerblich-industriellen Investitionen und von wirtschaftsnaher Infrastruktur, in strukturschwachen und ländlich geprägten bzw. peripheren Gebieten sich selbst tragende Wachstums- und Entwicklungszentren zu schaffen, die gleichermaßen der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Wachstumssteigerung, der strukturellen Stabilisierung und dem großräumigen Ausgleich der Lebensumstände zu dienen imstande sind. Sie folgt damit einem Entwicklungsmuster, das auf der Vorstellung bestimmter Gesetzmäßigkeiten für die regionale Entwicklung, also einer „Normalstrukturhypothese“, beruht.Bei einer Betrachtung ihrer Ergebnisse zeigt sich, daß ihre Annahmen bezüglich der regionalen Entwicklung und damit auch die Ausgestaltung ihrer Instrumente und Maßnahmen der Realität räumlicher Entwicklung nicht gerecht werden. Im Gegenteil, das Festhalten an einem überkommenen regionalpolitischen Denkschema forciert die in den letzten Jahren immer deutlicher werdenden räumlichen Entwicklungstendenzen, die als fortschreitende regionale Differenzierung bezeichnet werden können, in einer für die Problemregionen bedenklichen Weise.Eine konsequente Umgestaltung der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe in eine wirksame entwicklungspotentialorientierte Regionalpolitik setzt eine Betrachtung der einzelnen regionalpolitischen Strategieempfehlungen, die in diesem Zusammenhang aufgeworfen wurden, voraus. Dabei zeigt sich, daß die entwicklungspotentialorientierte Regionalpolitik bestandsorientiert ist, primär zum Einsatz qualitativ wirksamer Maßnahmen rät und die Auswirkungen der funktionalen Zusammenhänge zwischen den Regionen berücksichtigt.Die wichtigsten Ansatzpunkte der entwicklungspotentialorientierten Regionalpolitik im Rahmen einer Gesamtstrategie zur Regionalentwicklung liegen im Bereich der produktionsorientierten Dienstleistungen, in der Aus- und Weiterbildung der Arbeitnehmer, in der Förderung von Innovation und Diffusion und im Auf- und Ausbau der haushaltsnahen sowie der Telekommunikations- und Informationsinfrastruktur. Vor der Implementierung eines neuen Konzeptes der Förderungsgrundsätze der GRW muß das Konzept der Regionalpolitik erweitert werden. Es müssen außerdem spezifische regionale Entwicklungsziele festgelegt werden und es muß eine Konzentration der regionalpolitischen Instrumente und Maßnahmen auf die Verbesserung von regionalwirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen erfolgen.
Die Außenwanderungsbeziehungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Authors: Bucher Hansjörg
Published: July 2023

Für die Bevölkerungsentwicklung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland sind die Außenwanderungen von überragender Bedeutung. Seit zwanzig Jahren wird die Bevölkerungsdynamik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland allein von Außenwanderungsgewinnen getragen. Seit Ende der 80er Jahre haben die Außenwanderungen eine neue Dimension erreicht, die auch das nächste Jahrzehnt prägen wird. Die Wanderungsgewinne führen zu drei demographischen Effekten, die mit Hilfe von Sensitivitätsanalysen quantifiziert wurden. Berührt werden von Außenwanderungen die Zahl, die Altersstruktur und die räumliche Verteilung der Bevölkerung. Die Ergebnisse enthüllen eine sehr unterschiedliche Betroffenheit der Regionen. Der daraus resultierende politische Handlungsbedarf betrifft die Bevölkerungsentwicklung im Sinne einer regionalen Steuerung wie auch städtebauliche und wohnungspolitische Maßnahmen zur Integration der neuen Mitbürger.
Sanfter Tourismus – die Lösung für alle Probleme?
Authors: Romeiss-Stracke Felizitas
Published: July 2023

„Sanfter Tourismus“ ist heute in Planung und Politik ein geradezu selbstverständliches Programm. Kaum jemand würde es wagen, sanften Tourismus nicht zu wollen.Die Entstehungsgeschichte des „sanften“ oder „auch sozial- und umweltverträglichen“ Tourismus ist eng mit der Entstehung und den Veränderungen der Ökologiebewegung in den 80er Jahren verbunden. Daraus ist einiger ideologischer Ballast erhalten geblieben, der in der Praxis manchmal nicht einfach zu handhaben ist. Das betrifft insbesondere die modernisierungs- und stadtfeindlichen Tendenzen, die im romantischen „Zurück zur Natur“ gipfeln können.Um sanften Tourismus praktisch umzusetzen, muß klar unterschieden werden zwischen drei Dimensionen und fünf Ebenen des sanften Tourismus, die in dem Beitrag näher definiert werden.Die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Planung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland erscheinen im Prinzip ausreichend, um eine „sanfte“ Tourismusentwicklung voranzutreiben, jedenfalls, wenn sie kreativ eingesetzt würden. Unterschieden werden muß jedoch im Einsatz der Instrumente deutlich zwischen Gemeinden und Regionen, die ihren Tourismus neu entwickeln wollen (z. B. neue Bundesländer), und solchen, die Überlastungen entgegensteuern wollen (z. B. klassische Urlaubsorte an der See und in den Alpen).Sanfter Tourismus ist kein Planungs-Rezept, sondern eine Grundhaltung vernünftiger Grenzen, Grenzen, die aber immer wieder neu aus gehandelt und für die die Durchsetzungsinstrumente immer wieder neu formuliert werden müssen.
The Necessity of Establishment Communication Support Centers for Individuals with Complex Communication Needs and Implications for Regional Diffusion
Authors: Lee Hye Ju , Park Kyoung Ock ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the necessities, difficulties, and demands of the operation of the center. It aimed to draw future implications of regional expansion for the people involved and members related to the establishment of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center in S city’. Method: The participants were 4 members of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’ in S city, and 1 member of the ‘Korea Brain Disease Human Rights Association’ who was involved in the establishment of the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’. Qualitative analysis was performed through video interviews(ZOOM) and written surveys. Results: The results of the study could be reconstructed into a total of 3 major themes and 10 central themes, and the specific details are as follows. First, it was necessary to expand the ‘Communication Rights Promotion Support Center’ to other cities and provinces so that the individuals with complex communication needs can receive communication-related services anywhere. Second, it showed that there were difficulties in establishing and operating the center due to an insufficient support system for communication with the disabled. There were also problems like lack of awareness of the right of the disabled to communicate, scarcity of competence of experts, or failure of cooperation between the disabled and related experts. Third, a fact-finding survey of the region must be entirely conducted for the successful operation of the center in the future, and an effective support system must be prepared by cooperating with the disabled rather than experts in the process. Conclusion: It needs to establish and operate a center that can play roles of improving awareness of the disabled, building a surrounding environment, and fostering experts to have an effective system for better communication rights for the disabled. The results of this study can serve as basic data for this.
An online diagnosis method for cancer lesions based on intelligent imaging analysis
Authors: Gu Guangliang , Shen Lijuan , Zhou Xisheng
Published: July 2023

With the popularization and application of artificial intelligence and medical image big data in the field of medical image, the universality of modes and the rapid development of deep learning have endowed multi-mode fusion technology with great development potential. Technologies of 5G and artificial intelligence have rapidly promoted the innovation of online hospitals. To assist doctors in the remote diagnosis of cancer lesions, this article proposes a cancer localization and recognition model based on magnetic resonance images. We combine a convolution neural network with Transformer to achieve local features and global context information, which can suppress the interference of noise and background regions in magnetic resonance imaging. We design a module combining convolutional neural networks and Transformer architecture, which interactively fuses the extracted features to increase the cancer localization accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. We extract tumor regions and perform feature fusion to further improve the interactive ability of features and achieve cancer recognition. Our model can achieve an accuracy of 88.65%, which means our model can locate cancer regions in MRI images and effectively identify them. Furthermore, our model can be embedded into the online hospital system by 5G technology to provide technical support for the construction of network hospitals.
Kraft cooking of birch wood chips: differences between the dissolved organic material in pore and bulk liquor
Authors: Kron Linus , Marion de Godoy Carolina , Hasani Merima , Theliander Hans
Published: July 2023

The delignification of birch chips during kraft pulping was investigated, targeting both the impregnation and cooking steps. Wood chips were impregnated using white liquor, white liquor + NaCl, water or NaCl aqueous solution. Then, the chips were cooked in batch autoclaves applying the same constant composition cooking conditions for all samples. Pulp and two fractions of black liquor (bulk liquor and centrifuged liquor representing the liquor inside the wood chips and fibers) were collected after different pulping times and analyzed for lignin and carbohydrate content. The dissolved wood components were precipitated from selected samples and characterized with respect to composition, molecular weight distribution and structural motifs. Cooking chemicals in the impregnation liquors led to faster delignification and xylan removal during cooking. Higher contents of lignin and xylan were measured in the lumen than in the bulk. The concentration profiles also showed accumulation of dissolved material in the lumen over time, suggesting significant mass transport limitation from lumen to bulk. Further analysis revealed higher fragmentation/degradation of dissolved material with increasing pulping time and in the bulk when compared to the lumen liquor, as demonstrated by the lower molecular weights and the changes in chemical shifts in the NMR spectra.
Effect of cellulose micro/nanofibrils and carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber coating on sack kraft paper
Authors: Hugen Lisiane Nunes , Miranda Eduardo Hélio de Novais , Santos Allan de Amorim dos , Lago Rafael Carvalho do , Silva Luiz Eduardo , Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin , Ferreira Saulo Rocha
Published: July 2023

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of coating based on cellulose micro/nanofibrils (CMF) and carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) on sack kraft paper, for possible use in packaging. Filmogenic solutions were applied manually as a coating on sack kraft paper. These solutions were prepared by suspensions of CMF 1.5 % w/v with the addition of different content of XSBR (0, 2, 10, and 20 % about the total mass of CMF). Uncoated sack kraft paper was used as control. Films were obtained by casting and characterized physically, morphologically, and mechanically. The results demonstrated that XSBR and CMF composite suspension showed good performance as a coating on sack kraft paper. The formation of homogeneous structures well distributed on paper can be observed on scanning electron microscope images. Coatings containing XSBR presented a smoother surface, less porosity and hydrophilicity, and a greater coalescence, with good properties of air resistance and water vapor permeability. However, regarding mechanical properties, there were no improvements in coated papers. Therefore, the present study contributed information on the development of more flexible and hydrophobic cellulosic papers for possible applications in the industrial packaging sector.
The effect of magnetized quantum plasma on Jeans instability
Authors: Patidar Ashok K. , Joshi Hemlata , Patidar Sonali , Pensia Ram K. , Mansuri Shaheen
Published: July 2023

The influence of quantum plasma on Jeans instability is investigated in the presence of magnetic fields, and the dispersion relation obtained in both parallel and perpendicular directions has shown the stabilizing effect on the growth rate of Jeans instability with a moderate temperature high-density regime. The influence of the magnetic field on the Jeans criteria is illustrated through the graphical representation. The inclusion of magnetic fields with quantum effect on the motion of a charged particle involves the essential properties of acceleration and the transport of highly ionized particles is important in connection with a well-known application of the confinement of magnetized plasma. In this paper, we analytically discuss the effect of magnetic field on white dwarfs. The mass-radius relation of highly magnetized white dwarfs is different from their non-magnetic equivalent and leads to a modified super-Chandrashekhar mass limit.
Large-Scale Hydraulic Performance Testing of a Geotextile Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Wall Constructed with Recycled Concrete Aggregate Backfill
Authors: Mardani Azin , Abbaspour Aiyoub , Tanyu Burak F. , Siemens Greg , Bathurst Richard J. , Likos William J.
Published: July 2023

Constructing geosynthetic mechanically stabilized earth walls with recycled backfill materials reduces environmental impacts and financial cost compared with their gravity wall counterparts. While a large database of column-scale tests to evaluate the hydraulic performance of recycled backfill materials exists in the literature, clogging potential under multidimensional flow conditions has not been examined. A large-scale reinforced soil wall and a complementary column test constructed with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and closely-spaced woven geotextile reinforcement were tested to examine chemical and physical clogging under wetting-drying cycles. Internal moisture migration and the evolving chemical signature of leachate were measured. Geotextile samples were exhumed after the tests and analyzed to evaluate chemical (tufa formation) and physical (fines migration) clogging. The complementary multidimensional and column experiments afford direct comparison of outflow chemistry and effects on geotextile permittivity. Geotextiles in the large-scale wall and column tests did not show any evidence of chemical or physical clogging and no evidence of positive pore pressures was detected. Outflow leachate from the wall test had higher total dissolved solids values and higher concentrations of Ca and SO4 in comparison to the column test. The pH of leachate from the column test is initially lower than from the wall, but results become similar (pH ∼12) at test completion. Leachate from both tests is supersaturated with tufa minerals. Differences in leachate characteristics of the two tests can be attributed to the initial moisture content of the backfill, larger quantity of RCA material in the large-scale wall, and the multidimensional flow characteristics of the large-scale wall. Results validate previous observations from column tests in terms of moisture retention and chemical response when flow conditions are multidimensional. Maintaining a free-draining backfill under conditions that could promote clogging (closely-spaced woven geotextile reinforcement layers) gives further confidence in using RCA as backfill under these conditions.
NO DISCURSO DO CONFRONTO, O TRABALHADOR (RE)DESCOBERTO. PENSAR COM ENI ORLANDI
Authors: Bretanha Santiago , Lucena Caetano Virgínia
Published: July 2023

Ancorado no gesto de abertura proposto por Orlandi (1990) em sua obra Terra à Vista, este artigo propõe-se a analisar a construção discursiva (imaginária) do trabalho nos pronunciamentos públicos de 1º de Maio de Getúlio Vargas. As materialidades em análise, constituídas pela ideologia de Estado personalista, remetem à razão novo-estadista, período ditatorial marcado por uma tentativa de modernização da nação brasileira. Baseado, fundamentalmente, nos princípios epistemológicos da Análise de Discurso materialista, fundados por Pêcheux e atualizados/territorializados por Orlandi, o trabalho atenta às imagens de trabalho pelo viés do pré-construído, funcionamento específico do interdiscurso que se marca na linearidade linguística como um impensado do pensamento, à revelia do sujeito. O gesto analítico levado a efeito pontua que o trabalho é imaginariamente construído como matriz que consubstancia os demais imaginários sociais, estando diretamente imbricado à representação das classes, da economia, do governo e da nação. O funcionamento da memória, social (PÊCHEUX, [1975] 2014; ORLANDI, 1990; 2003) e afetiva (SILVA, 2012), por via de retorno, marca no funcionamento sintático a reinserção do interdiscurso, fazendo emergir os pré-construídos (i) da produção e do consumo como motrizes da economia, (ii) da dignificação do trabalhador pelo trabalho frente à figura personalista do governante e o (iii) da colaboração de classes (em denegação dos litígios sociais).
TEORIA DOS BLOCOS SEMÂNTICOS: RELAÇÕES DE SENTIDO EM UMA PROPAGANDA SOBRE “FAKE NEWS”
Authors: Chaise Maria Joana Chiodelli , Freitas Ernani Cesar de
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho se insere no contexto recente dos estudos argumentativos da Teoria da Argumentação na Língua (TAL), a Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos (TBS), e se propõe a investigar o percurso conceitual da semântica argumentativa descrevendo a construção de sentido de uma campanha publicitária a partir das relações argumentativas estabelecidas. O corpus escolhido para a aproximação entre teoria e prática corresponde a uma campanha do jornal O Globo, cujo foco é o questionamento à disseminação das chamadas “fake news”, informações falaciosas, tema atual e necessário para a leitura crítica dos meios, o que justifica a proposta. Em vista disso, as escolhas teóricas dessa pesquisa são Ducrot (1987, 1988, 2004), Carel e Ducrot (2005), Barbisan (2002, 2007) e Freitas (2007). O estudo se constitui como exploratório, com procedimento bibliográfico e abordagem qualitativa (PRODANOV; FREITAS, 2013). A análise empreendida autoriza a dizer que a TBS contribui para compreender a língua como mecanismo independente, que não necessita de outros recursos além de sua própria materialidade para construir o sentido de um discurso, ou seja, tem seu significado construído por meio dos argumentos marcados no léxico selecionado para significar.
DA RECRIAÇÃO DA SEMIOLOGIA: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A ATIVIDADE DA LINGUAGEM POÉTICA
Authors: Dos Anjos Aroldo Garcia
Published: July 2023

É objetivo deste trabalho ensaiar uma discussão teórica introdutória à noção de atividade sob a perspectiva da poética do ritmo. Para tanto, discutem-se a concepção de antropologia histórica da linguagem e de semiologia. Busca-se, com isso, subsídios para a análise de textos literários sob um ponto de vista discursivo, sobretudo a partir de reflexões derivadas de Henri Meschonnic, Gérard Dessons, Chloé Laplantine e Hans Lösener. Por representarem uma base de discussão em comum entre os autores citados, revisitam-se considerações de Émile Benveniste, Ferdinand de Saussure e Wilhelm von Humboldt.