bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a Decision-making Approach Based on Factor Analysis and DEMATEL for Evaluating Challenges of Adopting Electric Vehicles
Authors: Keshavarz-Ghorabaee Mehdi
Published: September 2024

Background

Electric vehicles (EVs) are important as they decrease air pollution, lessen reliance on fossil fuels, and significantly contribute to cutting greenhouse gas emissions. The use of EVs in promoting a sustainable life and reducing the harmful effects of climate change is very beneficial to the environment and public health.

Objective

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the potential challenges in the adoption of electric vehicles in Iran. To this end, a set of challenges is categorized, and the interrelation and significance of these challenges are examined.

Methods

To categorize the challenges of adopting EVs, exploratory factor analysis is used, and to evaluate the relationship between them and rank them based on their importance, the DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method, which is a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) technique, is employed.

Results

The results of the statistical analysis show that challenges can be divided into three categories: social, economic, and technological. Furthermore, the DEMATEL method results indicate that the three most important and impactful challenges are as follows: two social challenges, “Lack of government support to promote EVs” and “Lack of public willingness and public resistance to adopting new EV technologies,” and one technological challenge, “Immature technological advancement in EVs and battery technologies.”

Conclusion

This research provides insights into evaluating the challenges of adopting electric vehicles. The findings assist decision-makers in developing electric transportation and understanding the relationships between challenges and their significance. This study serves as a foundation for policymakers and industry stakeholders to navigate through the complex landscape of electric vehicle adoption.
Makna-makna simbolik dalam pengasuhan anak: kajian pola asuh Nikita Willy dalam perspektif Bourdieu
Authors: Latifa Imma , Ramadhini Nur Shabrina Atsarina , Khuzaimah K , Nurrohmah Elina , Aminarsih Ririn , Listyani Refti Handini
Published: September 2024

Keluarga menjadi lembaga sosial terkecil dalam masyarakat. Keluarga mempunyai peran penting salah satunya dalam proses pengasuhan anak. Pola asuh yang dilakukan oleh keluarga nantinya akan membentuk kepribadian dari individu dalam hidup bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna denotatif, konotatif, serta mitos yang terkandung dalam video youtube Nikita Willy yang berjudul "Sedikit tips parenting dari Nikita Willy", "Ini Buku Parenting yang dibaca Nikita Willy", dan "Kata Eyang Puteri dan Newa Issa lebih mirip Indra daripada Nikita Willy kalau menurut kalian gimana?", serta mengetahui modal yang dimiliki Nikita Willy dalam proses pengasuhan anak berdasarkan teori modal milik Pierre Bourdieu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis semiotika Roland Barthes atau two order of significations yang terdiri dari makna denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos. Berdasarkan hasil analisis semiotika Roland Barthes maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola pengasuhan yang dilakukan oleh Nikita Willy didukung oleh modal yang dimiliki seperti modal ekonomi, modal budaya, dan modal sosial.
Interaksi manusia dan alam pada tradisi sedekah bumi di Japon Blora
Authors: Putri Erwanda Mareta , Pinasti Vicensia Indah Sri , Apriantika Sasiana Gilar
Published: September 2024

Penelitian meengkaji perkembangan tradisi sedekah bumi sebagai bentuk relasi antara manusia dan alam di Japon , Blora, Jawa Tengah. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui penelitian lapangan mewawancarai dan mengamati kegiatan dilokasi, penelitian mengidentifikaasi pergeseran makna tradisi sedekah bumi dalam kehidupan modern.  Tradisi ini tidak sekedar dipahami sebagai wujud syukur dari hasil panen yang didapatkan melainkan wujud syukur kepada Tuhan atas kesehatan dan keselamatan yang diberikan. Bentuk relasi manusia dan alam pada tradisi sedekah bumi ini adalah masyarakat menggunakan hasil yang diperolehnya, kemudian diolah menjadi makanan. Tradisi ini mendapatkan dukungan penuh dari tokoh dan anggota masyarakat di Japon, Blora.
Kekerasan fisik dalam pacaran remaja
Authors: Surya Muhamad Satria Hady , Ikhwansyah Muhammad Haikal , Armanto Rajendra Gavin
Published: September 2024

Penelitian mengeksplorasi kajian literatur tentang kekerasan fisik dalam hubungan pacaran remaja. Selama ini terdapat kesenjangan pemahaman tentang faktor-faktor pemicu dan dampak kekerasan fisik dalam konteks remaja khususnya pacaran. Kontribusi utama adalah pemahaman mendalam terhadap aspek sosial dan psikologis kekerasan fisik, serta eksplorasi hubungan dengan faktor kontekstual. Kekerasan fisik dalam hubungan pacaran itu memiliki bentuk kekerasan yang beragam dari mulai pukulan dan ancaman yang muncul sebagai dampak negatif yang kompleks dan multidimensional. Hal hal tersebut juga terjadi karena adanya faktor penyebab seperti pengalaman sebelumnya, tekanan teman sebaya, pengaruh alkohol, dan ketidaksehatan lingkungan keluarga.The research explores literature reviews about physical violence in teenage dating relationships. So far, there has been a gap in understanding about the trigger factors and impacts of physical violence in the context of teenagers, especially dating. The main contribution is an in-depth understanding of the social and psychological aspects of physical violence, as well as an exploration of the relationship with contextual factors. Physical violence in dating relationships has various forms of violence ranging from punches and threats which appear as complex and multidimensional negative impacts. This also occurs due to causal factors such as previous experiences, peer pressure, the influence of alcohol, and an unhealthy family environment.
Mereka yang semakin terpinggirkan: buruh gendong Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta pasca pandemi
Authors: Putri Salwa Tsaniya , Pinasti Vincensia Indah Sri , Jatmiko Datu
Published: September 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak sangat luas dan dalam pada kemampuan sosio-ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia khususnya yang berada pada lapisan kelas menengah bawah, bawah dan terbawah. Tanpa memiliki ketrampilan khusus, buruh gendong di Pasar Beringharjo, Yogyakarta termasuk kelompok terdampak yang tidak hanya pasa masa pandemic namun juga setelahnya. Dengan melakukan wawancara kualitatif melibatkan 9 informan buru gendong, penelitian mendalami dampak sosio-ekonomi jangka menengah-panjang pasca Pademi Covid-19 tahun 2019-2021. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa pendapatan buruh gendong di Pasar Beringharjo mengalami penurunan dikarenakan menurunnya jumlah pengguna jasa buruh gendong akibat pandemi covid-19. Proses pemulihan ekonomi yang relatif lambat mengakibatkan stagnasi hingga kemunduran kemampuan sosio-ekonomi mereka. Tanpa adanya jarring-jaring sosial, mereka semakin berada pada tataran terbawah dalam lapisan sosial masyarakat tanpa adanya peluang mobilitas vertikal yang terbuka.The Covid-19 pandemic has had a very broad and deep impact on the socio-economic capabilities of Indonesian people, especially those in the lower, lower, and lowest middle classes. Without special skills, porters at Beringharjo Market, Yogyakarta are among the groups affected not only during the pandemic but also after. By conducting qualitative interviews involving 9 porter informants, the study explored the medium-long term socio-economic impacts after the 2019-2021 Covid-19 Pandemic. The results of the study showed that the income of porters at Beringharjo Market decreased due to the decreasing number of users of porter services due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The relatively slow economic recovery process resulted in stagnation and decline in their socio-economic capabilities. Without social networks, they are increasingly at the bottom of the social strata of society without any opportunities for open vertical mobility.
Hubungan keanggotaan organisasi dan kepercayaan sosial dalam masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Mandala , Pierewan Adi Cilik , Wardana Amika
Published: September 2024

Keberagaman budaya, ras, suku, dan kepercayaan yang terhimpun sebagai masyarakat merupakan tantangan bagi Indonesia dalam mewujudkan toleransi menjaga persatuan dan kesatuan. Kepercayaan sosial merupakan pilar utama dalam upaya dan pencapaiannya; yang dibentuk oleh nilai-nilai dasar dan interaksi dan partisipasi sosial yang terbangun di dalamnya. Penelitian bermaksud menginvestigasi hubungan dan pengaruh keangggotaan warga masyarakat dalam organisasi sosial terhadap derajat kepercayaan sosial di Indonesia. Dengan data Indonesia dari World Values Surveys 7 tahun 2020, penelitian menguji regresi hubungan kedua variabel tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh keanggotaan organisasi dengan nilai (p-value: 0.048), dan dengan koefisien jalur sebesar 0.064. Berdasarkan pada hasil perhitungan tersebut, dapat diartikan bahwa keanggotaan organisasi, memiliki pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kepercayaan sosial masyarakat Indonesia.The diversity of culture, race, ethnicity, and beliefs that are gathered as a society is a challenge for Indonesia in realizing tolerance to maintain unity and integrity. Social trust is the main pillar in its efforts and achievements, which is formed by basic values and social interactions and participation that are built within it. The study intends to investigate the relationship and influence of community participation in social organizations on the degree of social trust in Indonesia. With Indonesian data from the World Values Surveys 7 in 2020, the study tested the regression of the relationship between the two variables. The results of the study showed the influence of organizational membership with a value (p-value: 0.048), and with a path coefficient of 0.064. Based on the results of these calculations, it can be interpreted that organizational membership has an influence on increasing social trust in the Indonesian people.
Bertahan sampai kapan? Becak motor versus moda transportasi online di Medan
Authors: Malik Rahman , Daulay Harmona , Saladin Tengku Ilham
Published: September 2024

Penggunaan becak bermotor sangat penting bagi masyarakat perkotaan di Indonesia karena minimnya layanan transportasi umum. Namun, maraknya layanan transportasi digital telah meminggirkan keberadaan mereka tanpa dukungan dari pemerintah dan pihak terkait. Sebuah studi lapangan di Medan, Sumatera Utara, yang melibatkan pengemudi becak bermotor mengungkap pengalaman dan upaya mereka untuk terus menyediakan layanan transportasi alternatif. Studi ini menyoroti kurangnya pilihan pekerjaan lain bagi para pengemudi ini dan alasan sosial budaya untuk tetap bertahan pada profesi mereka meskipun semakin tersedianya layanan transportasi digital. Selain itu, mereka berupaya meningkatkan layanan mereka dengan mengorganisasi diri dan berinvestasi dalam bisnis mereka.The use of motorized pedicabs is vital in urban communities in Indonesia due to insufficient public transportation services. However, the rise of digital transportation services has marginalized their existence without support from the government and related parties. A field study in Medan, North Sumatra, involving motorized pedicab drivers revealed their experiences and efforts to continue providing alternative transportation services. This study highlighted the lack of other job options for these drivers and the socio-cultural reasons for sticking to their profession despite the increasing availability of digital transportation services. Additionally, they are making efforts to improve their services by organizing themselves and investing in their businesses.
Factors Influencing Adoption of Digital Payments: A PLS SEM and ANN Approach
Authors: Pandey Vasant , Kushwaha Gyaneshwar Singh , Srivastava Shuchi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine the factors that affect digital payment adoption. In addition to this, it also identifies the factors that will help to increase the adoption once the maturity is attained. The current study demonstrates a key driver of digital payment. The research is conclusive in nature. It utilizes a hybrid approach combining PLS SEM and ANN to illustrate the impact of various factors on the adoption of digital payments. The data is collected through a structured questionnaire. Warp PLS 7.0 is used for Structured Equation Modelling as a statistical tool analysis of the data. The findings of this study indicate that the facilitating conditions are the most influencing factor of digital payment adoption. Apart from this, social norms were identified as the factor that will influence the adoption of digital payment when there will be a fall in its adoption and usage.
Establecimiento in vitro y control de Oxidación de segmentos nodales de Arrabidaea chica Verlot
Authors: Martínez Oviedo Luisa Marcela , Mercado Leguía Kellys  Johana , Beltrán Herrera Javier  Darío , Ortega Macareno Luis Carlos
Published: September 2024

Arrabidaea chica pertenece a la familia Bignoniaceae, popularmente conocida como Bija o Limpiadientes. Es una de las plantas tintóreas más utilizadas en la industria artesanal de la región caribe colombiana, En el departamento de Sucre, es utilizada por artesanos para la tinción de la caña flecha; sin embargo, se ha visto afectada por un alto riesgo de erosión genética, se hace necesario establecer métodos de propagación y conservación masivos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue implementar un protocolo en el establecimiento in vitro y control de oxidación de segmentos nodales de A. chica, utilizando diferentes concentraciones de hipoclorito de sodio (0%; 2,5% y 5,0%), inmersos durante 5, 10 y 15 minutos en la desinfección de los explantes. Luego se sembraron en medio Murashige & Skoog. Para controlar la oxidación de los explantes, los medios de cultivos MS fueron suplementados con ácido ascórbico (0,15 g/L) y ácido cítrico (0,1 g/L), solos y/o en combinación. Los diferentes tratamientos fueron incubados a 28 °C, fotoperiodo de 12/12 horas día/noche y una iluminación de 45 µmol m -2S -1. Los resultados indicaron que el hipoclorito de sodio fue efectivo para la desinfección a 2,5% en 5 minutos. La combinación del ácido ascórbico con ácido cítrico en el medio influyo en la oxidación de los explantes. Por lo tanto, la desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio y la incorporación al medio de cultivo de ácido ascórbico (0.15mg/L) y ácido cítrico (0.1mg/L), proveen buenas condiciones para el control de la oxidación in vitro de explantes de Bija.
An Interview with Professor Gerhard Litscher: “How High-Tech and Digitalization Are Revolutionizing the Future of Acupuncture”
Authors: Zhang Ellen , Litscher Gerhard
Published: September 2024

In this interview Professor Gerhard Litscher discusses how new technologies like laser acupuncture and electroacupuncture, artificial intelligence (AI), and robotics are revolutionizing acupuncture by enhancing precision and personalization. He emphasizes the potential for digital tools to improve treatment outcomes and training while maintaining the human aspect of this holistic practice. Litscher highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing education to successfully integrate these innovations into clinical use.
Development of Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Machine Learning Models for Equitable Learning Health System: Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Anjun , Wu Erman , Huang Ran , Shen Bairong , Han Ruobing , Wen Jian , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Qinghua
Published: September 2024

Background

A significant proportion of young at-risk patients and nonsmokers are excluded by the current guidelines for lung cancer (LC) screening, resulting in low-screening adoption. The vision of the US National Academy of Medicine to transform health systems into learning health systems (LHS) holds promise for bringing necessary structural changes to health care, thereby addressing the exclusivity and adoption issues of LC screening.

Objective

This study aims to realize the LHS vision by designing an equitable, machine learning (ML)–enabled LHS unit for LC screening. It focuses on developing an inclusive and practical LC risk prediction model, suitable for initializing the ML-enabled LHS (ML-LHS) unit. This model aims to empower primary physicians in a clinical research network, linking central hospitals and rural clinics, to routinely deliver risk-based screening for enhancing LC early detection in broader populations.

Methods

We created a standardized data set of health factors from 1397 patients with LC and 1448 control patients, all aged 30 years and older, including both smokers and nonsmokers, from a hospital’s electronic medical record system. Initially, a data-centric ML approach was used to create inclusive ML models for risk prediction from all available health factors. Subsequently, a quantitative distribution of LC health factors was used in feature engineering to refine the models into a more practical model with fewer variables.

Results

The initial inclusive 250-variable XGBoost model for LC risk prediction achieved performance metrics of 0.86 recall, 0.90 precision, and 0.89 accuracy. Post feature refinement, a practical 29-variable XGBoost model was developed, displaying performance metrics of 0.80 recall, 0.82 precision, and 0.82 accuracy. This model met the criteria for initializing the ML-LHS unit for risk-based, inclusive LC screening within clinical research networks.

Conclusions

This study designed an innovative ML-LHS unit for a clinical research network, aiming to sustainably provide inclusive LC screening to all at-risk populations. It developed an inclusive and practical XGBoost model from hospital electronic medical record data, capable of initializing such an ML-LHS unit for community and rural clinics. The anticipated deployment of this ML-LHS unit is expected to significantly improve LC-screening rates and early detection among broader populations, including those typically overlooked by existing screening guidelines.
Development of Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Machine Learning Models for Equitable Learning Health System: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Anjun , Wu Erman , Huang Ran , Shen Bairong , Han Ruobing , Wen Jian , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Qinghua
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

A significant proportion of young at-risk patients and nonsmokers are excluded by the current guidelines for lung cancer (LC) screening, resulting in low-screening adoption. The vision of the US National Academy of Medicine to transform health systems into learning health systems (LHS) holds promise for bringing necessary structural changes to health care, thereby addressing the exclusivity and adoption issues of LC screening.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to realize the LHS vision by designing an equitable, machine learning (ML)–enabled LHS unit for LC screening. It focuses on developing an inclusive and practical LC risk prediction model, suitable for initializing the ML-enabled LHS (ML-LHS) unit. This model aims to empower primary physicians in a clinical research network, linking central hospitals and rural clinics, to routinely deliver risk-based screening for enhancing LC early detection in broader populations.

METHODS

We created a standardized data set of health factors from 1397 patients with LC and 1448 control patients, all aged 30 years and older, including both smokers and nonsmokers, from a hospital’s electronic medical record system. Initially, a data-centric ML approach was used to create inclusive ML models for risk prediction from all available health factors. Subsequently, a quantitative distribution of LC health factors was used in feature engineering to refine the models into a more practical model with fewer variables.

RESULTS

The initial inclusive 250-variable XGBoost model for LC risk prediction achieved performance metrics of 0.86 recall, 0.90 precision, and 0.89 accuracy. Post feature refinement, a practical 29-variable XGBoost model was developed, displaying performance metrics of 0.80 recall, 0.82 precision, and 0.82 accuracy. This model met the criteria for initializing the ML-LHS unit for risk-based, inclusive LC screening within clinical research networks.

CONCLUSIONS

This study designed an innovative ML-LHS unit for a clinical research network, aiming to sustainably provide inclusive LC screening to all at-risk populations. It developed an inclusive and practical XGBoost model from hospital electronic medical record data, capable of initializing such an ML-LHS unit for community and rural clinics. The anticipated deployment of this ML-LHS unit is expected to significantly improve LC-screening rates and early detection among broader populations, including those typically overlooked by existing screening guidelines.

CLINICALTRIAL
Continuous and wireless monitoring of vital signs on medical wards: Impact on patient outcomes (Preprint)
Authors: Rowland Bradley , Saha Amit , Motamedi Vida , Bundy Richa , Winsor Scott , McNavish Daniel , Lippert William , Khanna Ashish
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Continuous and wireless vital sign (VS) monitoring on hospital wards is superior to intermittent VS monitoring in detecting VS abnormalities; however, the impact on clinical outcomes remains to be confirmed.

OBJECTIVE

Evaluate and compare clinical outcomes in a large propensity matched medical ward population who received either continuous or as a contemporaneous control standard of care, intermittent VS monitoring every 4 to 8 hours. We hypothesized that earlier detection of VS aberrations through continuous VS monitoring would reduce ICU transfer and in-hospital mortality.

METHODS

Propensity matched analysis of a population-based sample of 7,971 patients admitted to the medical wards between January 2018 and December 2019 at a single, tertiary United States medical center. Patients received either 12 hours or more of continuous and wireless VS monitoring (n=1,450) or intermittent VS monitoring (n=6,521). Primary outcome was the odds of a composite of in-hospital mortality or ICU transfer during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were the odds of individual components of the primary outcome, as well as heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), acute kidney injury (AKI), and rapid response team (RRT) activations.

RESULTS

Those who received intermittent VS monitoring had greater odds of a composite of in-hospital mortality or ICU admission (2.79, 95% CI: 1.89, 4.25, p<0.001) compared to those who had continuous and wireless VS monitoring. The odds of HF (1.03, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.28, p=0.768), MI (1.58, 95% CI: 0.77, 3.47, p=0.231), AKI (0.74, 95% CI: 0.62, 1.02, p=0.064), and rapid response team activation (0.94, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.19, p=0.623) were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS

In this propensity matched study, medical ward patients who received standard of care intermittent VS monitoring were at nearly two and half times greater odds of transfer to the ICU or death compared to those who received continuous VS monitoring. These observations need to be confirmed with prospective interventional trials.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Young children nutritional status in Samarinda: does exclusive breastfeeding play a role in stunting prevention?
Authors: Safika Erri Larene , Rachmawati Ayudhia , Pakki Irfansyah Baharuddin
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting incidence in young children aged 0-59 months.
Method: This is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. There were 100 mothers with young children aged 0-59 months as respondents from Palaran, Samarinda. The dependent variable was children's height-for-age nutritional status, as in normal or stunting, and the independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. Young children's height was collected by checking their Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book. Parity, family income, mother's education, mother's knowledge, and family support information were also collected by interview. Bivariate analysis was measured with the Chi-square test.
Results: There is no association between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting (p-value>0.05). We also found no association between stunting and parity, family income, mother's knowledge, and family support (p-value<0.05). However, we found a significant relationship between stunting and mother education.
Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding is not associated with stunting in Palaran, Samarinda. Further research is needed to determine the factors associated with stunting in Samarinda.
Spatial analysis of tuberculosis cases diffusion based on population density in Bekasi Regency in 2017-2021
Authors: Inggarputri Yuanita Rizky , Trihandini Indang , Novitasari Prihatini Dini , Makful Martya Rahmaniati
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This research aims to examine the spatial relationship between tuberculosis cases and population density and their spatial diffusion patterns in Bekasi Regency in 2017-2021.
Methods: Research using an ecological study design using spatial analysis to estimate and analyze the distribution of tuberculosis prevalence related to population density in 23 sub-districts in Bekasi Regency, compare data from 2017 to 2021 and evaluate the spatial correlation. The data is taken from secondary data from the Bekasi District Health Office for 2017-2021.
Results: This study shows a spatial autocorrelation between tuberculosis cases and population density from 2017 to 2021 (I>E;  p-value <0,05). There is spatial diffusion of cases characterized by expanding clusters with high tuberculosis cases.  High-high cluster in 2017, there was one sub-district. In 2018 there was also one sub-district. In 2019 there were two sub-districts. In 2020, there were three sub-districts. And in 2021, there were five districts.
Conclusion: This research shows a positive spatial autocorrelation in the incidence, which is influenced by population density in Bekasi Regency from year to year (2017-2021) with a clustering pattern.
Spatial analysis of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases aged 0-14 years in West Java Province
Authors: Laferani Yuni , Makful Martya Rahmaniati , Soviadi Nabila Vebiana
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), remain a major public health concern worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advances in medical science, the spread of infectious diseases such as TB is not limited by geography or age, and children are particularly vulnerable. As such, this study aims to investigate the global and local spatial effects of pediatric pulmonary TB cases in West Java Province, contributing to understanding TB transmission dynamics and informing effective disease control strategies.
Methods: This ecological study employed aggregated data from the 2020 health profile of West Java Province, utilizing all 27 districts and cities. Natural breaks were utilized to classify cases, and data analysis was conducted using GeoDA and QGIS applications. Specifically, GeoDa was employed to conduct Moran's Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) spatial autocorrelation tests, while QGIS was used to generate distribution maps.
Results: The study reveals the presence of positive autocorrelation with clustered relationship patterns globally based on the incidence of pediatric pulmonary TB cases (Moran's I: 0.225; P-value: 0.04). The LISA test identifies six districts with significant correlation (Bandung, West Bandung, Cimahi, Ciamis, Majalengka, and Tasikmalaya).
Conclusion: The study findings reveal that cases of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis occur in clusters, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions in areas with high observation values to prevent the spread of the disease to areas with low observation values. Prioritizing program interventions in high-risk areas can help reduce the incidence of children's pulmonary TB cases more effectively.
Self-sufficiency challenges of blood products in LMICs and role of diplomacy
Authors: Rizky Isnaniyah , Sjaaf Amal Chalik
Published: September 2024

Purpose: PDMPs are one of the therapeutic substances derived from human blood and have a role in treating several life-threatening diseases. PDMPs are also included in the WHO Essential Medicines list. PDMP production development has been successful in developed countries. In contrast to LMIC countries, blood management is far from the standard. This issue is undoubtedly a challenge for developing countries. Besides, health diplomacy is suitable for solving the gaps in some health system problems. Methods: This writing uses a systematic review to collect information related to the challenges experienced by developing countries in implementing plasma fractionation and strategies that are ably implemented to increase the supply of PDMP.
Results: The main challenges in implementing domestic fractionation by LMICs are collecting raw materials that need to meet standards, finances to fulfill fractionation facilities, and the need for more local teams with expertise in plasma fractionation. This also highlights how health diplomacy utilization can fill the gaps.
Conclusion: Technological transformation is the key to success at each stage of the implementation of contract fractionation towards domestic fractionation, which will strengthen the resilience of the pharmaceutical industry in each LMIC country. It is also necessary to consider the benefit of establishing health diplomacy.
Spatial analysis of diarrhea in toddlers and environmental factors in the East Java Province Indonesia
Authors: Sakti Eka Satriani , Makful Martya Rahmaniati , Tampubolon Romariana Dewi
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to conduct spatial analysis on the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in East Java and to examine its relationship with environmental factors such as percentage of families with access to proper sanitation (healthy latrines), percentage of ODF (Open Defecation Free) villages, and percentage of drinking water facilities that meet the requirements in each district/city in East Java.
Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional study design with the 2020 East Java Province Health Profile serving as the data source. Moran's Index and the LISA bivariate test were used for the spatial analysis.
Results: The findings revealed that there is a spatial autocorrelation in the number of diarrhea cases in toddlers (I value: 0.28, p value: 0.009). Out of the districts/cities studied, only 5 exhibited significant spatial correlation (Gresik, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Magetan, and Surabaya City) based on the LISA bivariate test results.
Conclusion: Efforts to decrease the incidence of diarrhea cases in toddlers should focus on increasing the scope of environmental health programs, particularly in quadrant 1 (High-High) and 2 (Low-High) areas. Further analysis is required within the sub-district and village scope.
Workload and musculoskeletal complaints on cap tikus farmers
Authors: Kelung Shania Britney Nikita , Kawatu Paul Arthur Tennov , Asrifuddin Afnal
Published: September 2024

Objective: In general, farm workers use more muscle strength to work, so they are at a high risk of experiencing musculoskeletal complaints. Cap tikus farmers are also workers who use a lot of body muscle movements and receive a physical workload, which causes some cap tikus farmers to complain of musculoskeletal-related pain. This study aims to determine the workload and musculoskeletal complaints of cap tikus farmers.
Methods: Descriptive research uses two research designs, namely a survey research design for the musculoskeletal complaints variable with 41 respondents and a case study research design for the workload variable with a total of two respondents. This research was conducted in Palamba Village, South Langowan Sub-district. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis.
Results: Research on musculoskeletal complaints among cap tikus farmers found that 46.3% of respondents were at a low-risk level, 39% were at a moderate-risk level, and 14.65% were at a high-risk level. Based on the muscle parts, the most complaints of pain were felt in the right shoulder (58.5%), the right knee (48.8%), and the back (46.3%). Most painful complaints are felt in the back (22%). The results of the workload research were obtained at a moderate workload level of between >200-359 kcal/hour.
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal complaints among cap tikus farmers were at a lower risk level. Based on the muscle parts, the most common complaints were on the right shoulder, the right knee, and the back. Meanwhile, the workloads were at a moderate level.
Parenting style trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a bibliographic study
Authors: Nuraeni  , Ayubi Dian
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This bibliometric research seeks to find differences in parenting research trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the distribution of publications by country, author, and publication source. In addition, we analyze the differences in collaboration networks and keywords.
Methods: The data comes from the Scopus.com database with the keywords "parenting AND style", the distribution of publications in 2016-2018 represents the pre-pandemic period, and 2020-2022 represents the period when the COVID-19 pandemic occurred. Acquisition data is stored in comma-separated value (CSV) format and analyzed using the VOSviewer application.
Results: An increase in publications was found during the COVID-19 pandemic. The United States (US) had the most publications before and during the pandemic, followed by strengthening cooperation with China. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the Journal of Child and Family Studies dominated publications with three network clusters. Hughes S.O. is the most author and the Pinquart with the most quotes. Meanwhile, the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health dominated publications during the pandemic. Garcia O.F. is the author with the most publications and citations. Finally, parenting styles is a keyword that often appears before and during a pandemic.
Conclusion: The distribution of parenting style publications before and during the pandemic fluctuated but cumulatively increased. Meanwhile, there has also been a shift based on sources and countries with cooperative networks. In addition, topics related to parenting styles during the COVID-19 pandemic intersect with crisis conditions due to the pandemic, and there has been an increase in mental health topics.
Factors Affecting Personal Information Sharing: Small-Scale Sample Analysis on Social Media
Authors: Belia Rida Syifa Fauzia  , Lukman Yudokusumo  , Yova Ruldeviyani
Published: September 2024

In the contemporary social landscape, the widespread use of social media, such as platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, has become a prominent trend in various circles of society, especially in Indonesia. As the number of users on these platforms increases, concerns regarding user security and privacy also increase. Data breaches in 2021 affecting 235 million users on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube underscored the importance of researching the multifaceted dynamics around privacy concerns, levels of trust, risk awareness, and user behavior patterns related to sharing personal information on social media platforms. This research aimed to address this critical issue by introducing a research model developed based on relevant hypotheses from previous research. The sample used in this research consisted of social media users in Indonesia. Methodologically, this research used sophisticated structural equation modeling (SEM) tools for hypothesis testing and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the efficacy of existing research models. These findings indicated that users’ trust, awareness, privacy concerns, and behavioral intentions significantly and positively influence the tendency to share personal data on social media platforms. This research provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between factors influencing user behavior in social media privacy, thereby offering implications for academia and practical applications.
STATINS: A NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN
Authors: MELKANI INDU , KUMAR BIMLESH , PANDEY NARENDRA KUMAR , BAGHEL DILEEP SINGH , SINGH SAURABH
Published: September 2024

Due to a lesion or chronic illness state that affects the somatosensory nerve system, Neuropathic Pain (NP) is a terrible ailment. NP has recently been a top problem for the pharmaceutical and medical industries. For the therapy of NP, stains may offer an additional source of illumination. By preventing 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme a (HMG-CoA), it prevents the rate-limiting step in cholesterol production. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which have a pleiotropic impact in addition to the cholesterol-lowering effects of statins, have also been linked to neuropathic pain. According to reports, statins can worsen endothelial dysfunction by making more nitric oxide available. Antioxidant, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities are known to exist in it. It primarily comes highly suggested for cardiovascular issues and helps to reduce inflammation. Atherosclerotic plaque is under its control. To the best of our knowledge, this subject has not yet been the subject of clinical research in humans. Up until now, most of the evidence pointing to a connection between statins and neuropathic pain has been speculative. As a result, this evaluation should be considered a synopsis of what is already known, what is being investigated, and where more research might be needed. This review assesses the statins for neuropathic pain in preclinical as well as clinical research.
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY AS THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR TARGETING CHOLECYSTOKININ IN PANCREATIC CANCER
Authors: PUTRA OKTAVIAN ARYA , RAHMANIA TESIA AISYAH , RENESTEEN EDITHA
Published: September 2024

Objective: The Cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-ARs), also known as CCK1 receptor, is a type of G protein-coupled receptor that is primarily responsive to the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK-ARs is one of the receptors characterized and validated to promote pancreatic cancer progression. Devazepide is a selective antagonist of the CCK-ARs. This study aims to find a potential ligand that has the most effective and representative interaction with cancer receptors, becoming a new therapeutic effect using molecular docking Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) with receptor code 7F8U.
Methods: We conducted an in silico study by docking candidate ligands with Cholecystokinin Receptor (CCKRs) using the MOE 2015 V.10 application. The ligands of choice come from natural ingredients such as curcumin, resveratrol, berberine, baicalein, dioscin, wogonin, and piperine. Validate the receptor with the Root mean Square Deviation (RMSD) value and docking results with the GIBBS S value.
Results: 6 compounds, such as curcumin, resveratrol, berberine, baicalein, wogonin, and piperine, were selected for docking as candidates to determine whether they have interactions with CCK-ARs. Based on the docking results, the Gibbs values ​​obtained were -14.9522;-12.4566;-15.5033;-12.6961;-13.4234;-11,6130 joules/kg. mol, berberine is the compound with the lowest Gibbs energy, namely -15.5033 joules/kg. mol and is one of the strongest. The interactions that occur include Methionine A121-side chain donor, Methionine B121-side chain donor, asparagine A333-amine group and nitrogen atom, B333-amine group and nitrogen atom, Arginine A336-negative oxygen atom, and B336-negative oxygen atom.
Conclusion: Berberine which is a natural alkaloid, is suitable for devazepide, which is a positive control for ligand interactions when tethered to the CCKRs. This finding could be a potential new drug for pancreatic cancer. However, further studies, such as in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials need to be conducted for ordering activity, safety, and safety of new drugs.
PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF POSACONAZOLE: DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION THROUGH QUALITY BY DESIGN
Authors: YALLAMALLI INDIRAMUZIB , PUVVALA SREEVIDYA
Published: September 2024

Objective: The main objective of this work is a formulation of nano-embedded microparticles of posaconazole for targeted delivery into lungs through pulmonary route.
Methods: Posaconazole Nano-Crystals (PNCs) were developed through quality by design approach. Influences of sonication time, sonication power, stabilizer type and its concentration on the solubility and time for 90% drug dissolution (T90%) of the PNC were studied through central composite design. Nanoembedded Microparticles of Posaconazole (NMPs) were developed by nano-crystallization using surfactants to enhance the solubility of posaconazole and then the optimized PNCs were embedded into lactose matrix to enhance the size through lyophilization to obtain NMPs that were suitable for inhalational administration.
Results: The optimized formulation of PNCs was found to exhibit a particle size of 159.2 nm, solubility of 0.29 mg/ml and T90% of 24.7 min. This optimized PNCs were embedded into lactose using lyophilization. The lyophilized product was sieved to obtain NMPs with a size below 5 µm.
Conclusion: The optimized formulation is highly suitable for delivering the drug to lungs through inhalation in which drug particles reach secondary bronchi where they can dissolve readily to yield PNCs. These PNCs can easily escape into alveolar fluids for immediate local action.
SMART CHITOSAN-BASED MICROBEAD FORMULATION FOR COLON-TARGETED DELIVERY OF LACTOFERRIN
Authors: OLAOYE LUQMAN , SADRADDIN AZAD , BRAIM SHWANA
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aims to develop a novel smart formulation based on dual-responsive Polyethylene Glycol Methacrylate-Grafted-Chitosan (PEGMA-g-Cs) copolymers for the controlled delivery of Lactoferrin. The goal is to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of Lactoferrin in treating colorectal cancer, addressing its rapid degradation in a highly acidic gastric environment.
Methods: Gold-coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Au-SPIONs) were synthesized and loaded into PEGMA-g-Cs microspheres. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HNMR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), optical microscopy, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) were used to characterise the synthesized materials. Drug loading and release studies of lactoferrin-loaded microbead formulations were conducted to evaluate encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, and release profiles.
Results: The lactoferrin-loaded microbead formulations demonstrated excellent encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity. Specifically, Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) was 77% and Loading Capacity (LC) was 4.99% for the homogenizer batch, while the magnetic stirring batch achieved 86% EE and 3.12% LC. The formulation exhibited minimal release (<20%) in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) and almost complete release in Simulated Colonic Fluid (SCF). The 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl]-2,5-Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) cell cytotoxicity assay in human CaCo-2 colon cancer cells revealed a significant reduction in cell proliferation following treatment with the new formulations.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the new formulation can be a promising approach for the targeted delivery of Lactoferrin, thereby improving the efficacy of colorectal cancer treatment by enhancing the bioavailability of lactoferrin.
BEYOND THE HORIZON: RECENT ADVANCES IN HOT MELT EXTRUSION TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: ABDO MOHSEN MAGED MOHAMMED , PATIL AMIT B. , ALKANAD MAGED , PATIL DARSHAN
Published: September 2024

This review article aims to explore the dynamic landscape of Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) technology, focusing on the spectrum of materials and machinery shaping innovation in the field. Polyethylene Oxide (PEO), Polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVP), Polypropylene (PP), Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA), and Polycaprolactone (PCL) play pivotal roles in HME and contribute to advancements in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This review sheds light on their unique contributions to HME tapestry. This review meticulously explored the machinery that orchestrates HME, including single- and double-screw extruders, as well as Extrusion Spheronization (ES). The search criteria were based on a comprehensive analysis of previous studies since the discovery of the HME, including new patented discoveries. We utilized various scholarly resources such as Google Scholar, Google Books, PubMed, Elsevier, Nature, Springer, ScienceDirect, and other indexed search engines. Case studies highlighted the real-world impact of HME in Continuous Manufacturing (CM) scenarios, emphasizing its importance in pharmaceutical production. The review also discusses the specifics of extrusion and co-extrusion, explaining how compound droplets are formed and collected, which is very important for making capsules-extrusion has emerged as a protagonist in the pharmaceutical industry, with 3D printing driving innovation beyond conventional boundaries. The amalgamation of HME and 3D printing offers new possibilities for drug delivery. This review sheds light on the diverse polymers involved in hot melt and emphasizes their importance in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This study provides valuable insights into the applications, methodologies, and future advancements of HME.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF METHOD FOR ACTIVATING PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES WITH SUBSEQUENT IN SITU STUDY OF MODIFIED POWDER PROPERTIES
Authors: USPENSKAYA ELENA , KUZMINA EKATERINA S. , QUYNH HOANG T. N. , TIMOFEEV ALEKSEY A. , MAXIMOVA TATIANA V.
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of this work is to develop a method of activation of pharmaceutical substances by means of a mechanical load on the powder of the substance with the subsequent evaluation on site of the modified preparation. A complex of analytical methods and biotesting were used to characterize the solid-state phase transformation product.
Methods: The object of study was powder of the antiepileptic substance Lacosamide (Lcs); Mechanical Activation (MA) of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) was carried out using the Stegler LM-250 rotary knife mill; Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy in the range of 4000-400 cm-1 was used to analyses the band shift in the spectrum; Dynamic Laser Scattering (DLS) has been used to detect groups of particles ranging in size from 0 to 1000 nm; an innovative method of Two-Dimensional Diffuse Light Scattering (2D-DLS) was used to detect differences in the speckle structure of powder samples before and after modification; Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate particle morphology; X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF) was used to determine the elemental composition of the samples; polarimetry was used to determine the optical activity and Spirotox biotesting has been used to evaluate the biological activity.
Results: SEM images of the sample after activation represent a glassy, structurally amorphous state in contrast to the native state. Chemometric processing of FT-IR spectra allowed us to identify the regions of the samples at different activation times on the 2D-diagram of Principal Components Analysis (PCA). According to the XRF data, the elements Fe, Cu, and Zn are predominant in the Lcs-activated sample. The 2D-DLS method revealed differences in speckle structure between samples before and after mechanical activation. The same optical activity of the solutions of the studied samples with preservation of the chiral center was revealed. The Spirotox method showed a 1.6-fold (P≤0.05) increase in biological activity of the activated Lcs sample based on the calculated values of activation energy (bsEa) of the process of cellular transitions to the immobilized state.
Conclusion: The developed method of activation of pharmaceutical substances includes a full cycle of 90 min mechanical load chemistry duration with the description of technical equipment and conditions. The results of this study can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce preparations with improved physical-chemical and biopharmaceutical properties.