bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Mine Dust for Optimum Ambient Air Quality of Suakati Region- A Case Study
Authors: Mallick Soumya Ranjan
Published: June 2024

Mining is one of the core sectors of the Indian economy. Mining of minerals is inevitable. Simultaneous mining is also associated with the degradation of the environment. Over the years, minerals have been exploited without giving due consideration to environmental degradation. Dust generation is the result of almost all the activities of a mine, which is primarily responsible for various occupational health hazards, environmental pollution, etc. This paper presents various aspects of mine dust, mine air quality, and the impact of such dust on the nearby environment. An attempt has been made to determine the most effective practices for better ambient air quality.
Academic Libraries Can Develop AI Chatbots for Virtual Reference Services with Minimal Technical Knowledge and Limited Resources
Authors: Chase Matthew
Published: June 2024

A Review of:
Rodriguez, S., & Mune, C. (2022). Uncoding library chatbots: Deploying a new virtual reference tool at the San Jose State University Library. Reference Services Review, 50(3), 392-405. https://doi.org/10.1108/RSR-05-2022-0020
Objective – To describe the development of an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot to support virtual reference services at an academic library.
Design – Case study.
Setting – A public university library in the United States.
Subjects – 1,682 chatbot-user interactions.
Methods – A university librarian and two graduate student interns researched and developed an AI chatbot to meet virtual reference needs. Developed using chatbot development software, Dialogflow, the chatbot was populated with questions, keywords, and other training phrases entered during user inquiries, text-based responses to inquiries, and intents (i.e., programmed mappings between user inquiries and chatbot responses). The chatbot utilized natural language processing and AI training for basic circulation and reference questions, and included interactive elements and embeddable widgets supported by Kommunicate (i.e., a bot support platform for chat widgets). The chatbot was enabled after live reference hours were over. User interactions with the chatbot were collected across 18 months since its launch. The authors used analytics from Kommunicate and Dialogflow to examine user interactions.
Main Results – User interactions increased gradually since the launch of the chatbot. The chatbot logged approximately 44 monthly interactions during the spring 2021 term, which increased to approximately 137 monthly interactions during the spring 2022 term. The authors identified the most common reasons for users to engage the chatbot, using the chatbot’s triggered intents from user inquiries. These reasons included information about hours for the library building and live reference services, finding library resources (e.g., peer-reviewed articles, books), getting help from a librarian, locating databases and research guides, information about borrowing library items (e.g., laptops, books), and reporting issues with library resources.
Conclusion – Libraries can successfully develop and train AI chatbots with minimal technical expertise and resources. The authors offered user experience considerations from their experience with the project, including editing library FAQs to be concise and easy to understand, testing and ensuring chatbot text and elements are accessible, and continuous maintenance of chatbot content. Kommunicate, Dialogflow, Google Analytics, and Crazy Egg (i.e., a web usage analytics tool) could not provide more in-depth user data (e.g., user clicks, scroll maps, heat maps), with plans to further explore other usage analysis software to collect the data. The authors noted that only 10% of users engaged the chatbot beyond the initial welcome prompt, requiring more research and user testing on how to facilitate user engagement.
Examining the performance of Shari’ah‑compliant versus conventional stock indexes: A comparative analysis pre-, during, and post-COVID-19
Authors: Abu-Alkheil Ahmad , Alsharari Nizar , Khan Walayet , Ramzani Sara , Horam Phungmayo
Published: June 2024

This study aims to conduct an empirical comparative analysis of the performance of Shari’ah and conventional stock indexes during the period 2017–2023, which includes the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it aims to investigate investors’ preferences and analyse the long-term relationship of these indexes, as well as exploring the potential diversification benefits. The research methodology incorporates stochastic dominance analysis, the VARMAX procedure, and Johansen’s co-integration approach. The data utilized consists of 31 conventional and 31 Islamic stock indexes, specifically from the FTSE, DJ, MSCI, and S&P series.The results show that there are no long-term co-integration links between 30 out of 31 pairs of Islamic and conventional indexes. While conventional indexes tend to outperform Islamic indexes, they also come with a higher risk. On the other hand, Islamic indexes are considered to be less risky, offering potential diversification opportunities that may be attractive for global portfolios, particularly during periods of financial distress.
Maximizing Water Use Efficiency (WUE), Land Utilization Efficiency (LUE) and Competitive Indices of Maize and Soybean Crops Through Intercropping Pattern with Straw Mulching
Authors: Sai E. Jeevana , . Rajeev , Kumari M. Siyon
Published: June 2024

Background: Understanding the complex relationship between soil characteristics and crop production is crucial for sustainable agriculture practices. Soil physicochemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and nutrient content (e.g., NPK) significantly influence crop yield. Additionally, the application of straw mulch can impact soil moisture retention, there by affecting crop growth and productivity. Intercropping system offers potential advantages in terms of water use efficiency (WUE) and productivity compared to monoculture system. Methods: The experiment was conducted using a randomised block design (RBD) with three replications. The study included six treatments with different cropping system: T1 = Monoculture soybean(planting size 30×10 cm), T2 = Monoculture maize (planting size 45×15 cm),T3 = Maize + soybean (2:2) line sown,T4 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + wheat straw (5 tha-1), T5 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + maize straw (5 tha-1), T6 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + mustard straw (5 tha-1). Result: Water use efficiency (WUE) varied among treatments, with the highest WUE (9.44) observed in application of maize straw mulch 5t ha-1, indicating 42.57% increases compared to monoculture maize and 42.17% increases compared to monoculture soybean cultivation. Similarly, superior grain yield (19.30 q ha-1), pod yield (16.29 q ha-1), intercrop yield (35.59 q ha-1), maximum maize equivalent yield (54.33 q ha-1) when comparing the results with and without straw mulch applied to maize and soybean crops. Maize and soybean intercropping system demonstrated superior land utilization efficiency (LER:1.04 to 1.24) and productivity metrics.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN GENDER DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2012 - 2021
Authors: Sukmana Anwar , Fathorrazi Moehammad , Hanim Anifatul
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Gender menjadi komponen penting dalam menilai keberhasilan pembangunan. Diskriminasi gender dapat mengurangi kualitas sumberdaya manusia. Kemiskinan sangat berkaitan dengan kualitas sumberdaya manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gender dalam berbagai aspek terhadap tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang dipakai merupakan data sekunder berupa data cross section sebanyak 34 Provinsi dan time series dari tahun 2012 sampai tahun 2021. Model regresi yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah Random Effect Model (REM). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan dan kesehatan dari laki-laki dan perempuan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Sedangkan partisipasi angkatan kerja memiliki hasil berbeda, yakni partisipasi kerja perempuan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan, sedangkan partisipasi kerja laki-laki berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci : Gender, Kemiskinan, Kesehatan, Partisipasi Kerja, Pendidikan.
Daniela Buccomino, Ingeniorum delectus. I dottori in diritto dello studio di Pavia (1525-1796), Torino, G. Giappichelli, 2023, 979 pp.
Authors: Ramis Barceló Rafael
Published: June 2024

Este artículo reseña: Daniela Buccomino, Ingeniorum delectus. I dottori in diritto dello studio di Pavia (1525-1796), Torino, G. Giappichelli, 2023, 979 pp.
Ética(s) de la Inteligencia Artificial y Derecho. Consideraciones a propósito de los límites y la contención del desarrollo tecnológico
Authors: Llano Alonso Fernando H.
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo se centra en la ética de la IA y en los principios que la inspiran. Antes de las normas que regulan la IA es necesario conocer las cuestiones éticas relacionadas con el desarrollo, la implementación y el uso responsable de los sistemas de IA. El concurso de estos fundamentos éticos es necesario para proteger los derechos y la dignidad de las personas, garantizar la equidad en el acceso y tratamiento de datos, minimizar los sesgos y riesgos asociados con los algoritmos, promover la transferencia en las decisiones automatizadas y auspiciar la confiabilidad en la tecnología, el beneficio humano y el bienestar social.También se propone el estudio de la ética de la IA desde un punto de vista omnicomprensivo que integre tanto la ética aplicada como la metaética de la IA.
Eutanasia, dignidad y libertad. De la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos a la del Tribunal Constitucional Español
Authors: Pino Ávila Alonso
Published: June 2024

El TEDH se ha servido de los criterios de interpretación evolutivo y sistemático en la interpretación del CEDH, que le han permitido desarrollar una jurisprudencia sobre el derecho a la eutanasia en la que reconoce un amplio margen de apreciación a los Estados, por lo que es compatible con el CEDH tanto prohibir como permitir la eutanasia, siempre que el Estado garantice el derecho a la vida de las personas vulnerables. El Tribunal Constitucional español ha declarado la constitucionalidad de la Ley Orgánica de regulación de la Eutanasia 3/2021, mediante una argumentación jurídica basada en la doctrina del TEDH.
Antle Discovers his Voice
Authors: McKee Lori , Lunney Borden Lisa , Gould Blaire , Laughlin Jarrett , Morris Ramona
Published: June 2024

This article shares findings from the first phase of program evaluation of Antle, a holistic language resource for teaching, learning and assessment. The program evaluation was guided by understandings that appreciate the interconnections of literacies and identities and is situated within a decolonizing framework that recognizes the transformation of Indigenous knowledges as essential. A quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted. Analysis revealed the educators valued Antle but did not use the resource consistently. Recommendations include providing information to teachers about connections between literacies theories, curriculum outcomes, and program activities, and additional support for implementation. This article serves as an invitation to researchers and educators across Canada to rethink literacy assessment practices.
El Valencia CF y la recuperación de relaciones deportivas entre España y México (1954-1966)
Authors: Bosch Valero Josep Andreu , March Arnao José Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Entre 1963 y 1966 el Valencia Club de Fútbol visitó en dos ocasiones México, un país con el que España no mantenía relaciones diplomáticas desde el final de la Guerra Civil en 1939 y en el que vivían numerosos exiliados republicanos españoles. En la colonia expatriada destacaba la presencia de ciudadanos valencianos, organizados en una Casa Regional, quienes, en coordinación con la directiva del Valencia, impulsaron la visita del club de su ciudad de origen. Entre los hitos más destacados de estas dos expediciones sobresalen, en el plano deportivo, la participación del club en los actos de inauguración del Estadio Azteca y, en el aspecto social y político, la reanudación, en plena dictadura franquista, de las relaciones con los exiliados. Las dos giras resultaron esenciales, asimismo, para normalizar las relaciones deportivas entre ambos países.
La política del balón: João Havelange y el fútbol brasileño (1958 – 1975)
Authors: Gonçalves Magalhaes Livia
Published: June 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal el estudio de la biografía y trayectoria de vida de João Havelange (1916-2016), más específicamente durante el período en que fue presidente de la Confederación Brasileña de Deportes (CBD), entre 1958 y 1975. Su liderazgo deportivo en Brasil haconvivido con sistemas políticos dictatoriales y democráticos, momentos de euforia desarrollista y nacionalista y enfrentamientos de crisis políticas y económicas. A la vez, su biografía está íntimamente entrelazada con los procesos de institucionalización de las prácticas deportivas en el país, que enmuchos momentos llevaron su impronta, pero que principalmente reflejan las luchas políticas que se desarrollaron en aquellos años. A partir del estudio de este período de su biografía, se demuestra cómo se consolidó un modelo de gestión deportiva nacional, marcado por la lógica desarrollista y acorde con el contexto nacional. Este modelo claramente se agotó a partir de 1990 con el proyecto neoliberal. Del mismo modo, partiendo también del debate sobre las múltiples memorias construidas sobre y por las propias élites, esta investigación muestra cómo Havelange representa el auge y agotamiento de un modelo de liderazgo deportivo en Brasil exitoso durante gran parte del siglo XX.
Mise en œuvre de l’approche par compétences pour les expérimentations de biochimie pour les étudiants de licence
Authors: Karamanos Yannis , Matéos Aurélie , Mysiorek Caroline , Berger Sylvie
Published: June 2024

Ce retour d’expérience présente la mise en œuvre de l’approche par compétences (APC) dans le programme des Sciences de la Vie. Un travail pionnier a été réalisé pour les expérimentations destinées aux étudiants de troisième année de licence. Plusieurs ateliers ont été conçus pour aider les étudiants à s'approprier le référentiel de compétences, à situer la place du portfolio dans l’évaluation du développement des compétences et à s’auto-évaluer. L’évaluation par les étudiants de la mise en œuvre de l’APC a permis de recueillir leurs perceptions. Les étudiants ont exprimé des difficultés à s'approprier la démarche mais ont reconnu les efforts de l'équipe pédagogique pour leur apporter une assistance continue avant, pendant et après les activités. La formation et l’accompagnement de l’équipe pédagogique et des étudiants apparaissent comme des piliers pour la réussite de la mise en œuvre de l’APC. Les bénéfices sont évidents pour les étudiants puisqu'ils pourront se présenter sur le marché du travail en mettant en valeur leurs compétences plutôt que l'accumulation de leurs connaissances.
Professional Journal «Bulletin of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)»: Publishing Experience
Authors: Maksimova S. V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the anniversary of the professional journal "Bulletin of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The journal, created in 2003, has become a professional platform for the library community of Yakutia. The article analyzes the stages of creating a publication, analyzes the content of the journal and regional specifics. The main goal of Bulletin of the NL RS(Y) is determined – publication of modern best practices of library and information activities, issues of development of library science, bibliography, book science, as well as related sciences in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in Russia and abroad, promoting the development of the scientific and information base of libraries in the region, strengthening the image and representation in the scientific, academic and professional community in Russia and abroad.
The Role of Libraries in Preventing the Spread of Fake News in the Scientific Community
Authors: Kurmysheva L. K.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the problem of spreading fake news in the sphere of scientific information. Social networks, blogs, podcasts and many other Internet channels overload the information field and contribute to the spread of false information. This situation negatively affects the process of interaction between science and society. In this regard, the library can serve as a source of reliable scientific information. The purpose of the article is to present the results of the analyses of capabilities of libraries as a source of reliable scientific information in the struggle with fake news.The context of the modern information space makes its own demands to the broadcast of any message. Erroneous or false information, that the broadcast message contains, could be duplicated in various sources. Attention to the source of information and its sender should be very high. In this regard, it is necessary to take a more responsible approach to choosing the source of information.The object of the article is to examine based on foreign publications the problem of fake news and the place of the library as the source of reliable information. The LENS.ORG platform was the main source used. Foreign authors confirm the importance of the work of libraries as a significant social institution oriented towards the development of the society of knowledge.The analysis of the document flow on the theme has made it possible to define the place of the library in solving the problem of spreading false scientific information. The conclusion has been made, that libraries’ activities, besides preserving and spreading information, should be supplemented with the struggle with false information.Information literacy activities and work to identify unreliable information in the field of science are becoming particularly relevant.
The value-oriented function of library in forming the country’s intellectual sovereignty
Authors: Vikhreva G. M. , Fedotova O. P.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The modern era poses complex problems of existence to the mankind. They are largely objectively determined by the post-industrial development of the society, transnational processes in the field of culture, information and education, science and technology. Against the background of growing confrontation with Western politics, dynamic processes of consolidation of modern Russian society are underway, accompanied by strengthening national identification, searching for ways to form and strengthen the intellectual sovereignty of the country, which is a complex, interpenetrating symbiosis of culture, science and education. Purpose setting. The library, as a socio-cultural institution that has concentrated the socio-practical, knowledge, intellectual and spiritual experience of the mankind, i.e., in essence, the code of values of the nation, has significant information potential for philosophical and historical understanding of the current situation and the development of options for its development. In the face of the need to intensify its participation in the intensively developing process of establishing the intellectual sovereignty of the country the library community must find resources and realize all opportunities for more effective responses to the challenges of the time. Methodology and methods of the study. The research is based on the application of cultural, axiological, sociocultural approaches, which allowed us to consider the problem in its relationship with the current processes taking place in the country and the world. Results. Basing on the fact that one of the main essential functions of the library is value-oriented, the authors of the article considered a number of areas of library activity that contribute to solving the problems of sovereignty in the field of science, culture and education. Conclusion. The evolution of the value foundations of education, as a result of changes taking place in the country and the world, affects both the ideology and technology of library work, requires the modernization of its content in the field of creating an up-to-date educational environment. In the context of gaining the country’s intellectual independence, the most important and demanded is the axiological function of the library, which provides its collections with the possibility of value-oriented impact on the society. Alongside with performing a purely informational function, library activities are being intensified to preserve national cultural traditions, speech culture, socio-cultural diversity, to counteract the destruction of historical knowledge and to promote reading.
Empowering Iraqi Female Students Toward Healthier Preconception Behaviors
Authors: Arief Nawres Jameel , Naji Arkan Bahlol
Published: June 2024

This study explores the efficacy of a health beliefs model-based intervention in enhancing pre-pregnancy health behaviors among female college students at the University of Baghdad's English Department. Despite initial similarities in health behaviors between the control (n=72) and experimental (n=72) groups, significant improvements were observed in the experimental group post-intervention, indicating a successful impact of the intervention on health behaviors (first posttest: p < 0.001; second posttest: p < 0.001). Conducted from October 2023 to March 2024, this randomized controlled trial utilized pretests, posttests, and intervention sessions to evaluate outcomes. Results underscore the potential of incorporating such targeted health programs into existing university health curricula to foster better pre-pregnancy health practices among young women, thereby improving long-term health outcomes. This intervention fills a crucial gap by demonstrating sustainable behavior change, which is essential for proactive health management in this demographic.
Keywords: Expanded Health Belief Model, Preconception, Health Behaviors, Female Collegians
WITHDRAWN: Comparative study of the insecticidal activity of essential oils of four spontaneous and domestic plants on wheat weevils Sitophilus oryzae
Authors: Asma HALMOUNE , Mourad NGADI , Abdessamad AIT BENLABCHIR , Khalid KHFIF , Hamza ELFINOU , Abdelhamid ZAID , Lhoussaine EL RHAFFARI
Published: June 2024

Synthetic insecticides are among the most commonly used methods of protecting food stocks. This high level of use poses a real risk to human health. For this reason, an alternative has become a necessity. In this context, the aim of the present work is to develop bio-insecticides based on the essential oils of oregano (Oriental). Essential oils of Oregano (Origanum compactum and elongatum), calamint (Satureja calamintha), and Thyme (Thymus zygis) against wheat weevils (Sitophilus oryzae) Insects were harvested in the TAOUNATE region and treated at the national agency for medicinal and aromatic plants using essential oils in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1% for spontaneous and domestic plants for 24 hours. The results showed that the essential oils of these plants had significant effects on controlling wheat weevils (Sitophilus oryzae). A comparison of the effects of oils obtained from spontaneous and cultivated plants was studied. As we know, spontaneous plants are always more potent than cultivated ones, but our work shows the opposite to be true, especially for our results showed that contact application of essential oils from these plants achieved 100% mortality rates within the first 24 hours of exposure. Our results also revealed variations between spontaneous and cultivated plants. In fact, some spontaneous plants achieved 100% mortality before 24 hours of exposure. These results allow us to assert that essential oils are a suitable solution for the protection of food stocks and can be used for industrial applications in the production of bio-insecticides.
Cs-137 detection at CTBT radionuclide monitoring stations in East Asia
Authors: Furuno Akiko , Ohmori Ryuta , Tateoka Hisanori , Minakawa Yuya , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Yamamoto Yoichi , Tomita Yutaka
Published: June 2024

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) Okinawa radionuclide monitoring station (JPP37) is located on a hill facing the East China Sea at the center of the main island of Okinawa. It occasionally detects Cs-137, although no nuclear facilities are located on the island. This study focused on the detection of Cs-137 at JPP37 and examined the ratio of simultaneous detections at neighboring stations and the relationship with Asian dust from inland East Asia. The detection of Cs-137 from 2020 to 2023 at JPP37, which was the target of the analysis, was higher in the spring. Among the nine CTBT radionuclide stations in East Asia, the detections in Beijing, Lanzhou, and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, were also high in spring. This suggested a high association with the detection of Asian dust in East Asia. Thus, we confirmed the detection of Cs-137 at nine nearby international monitoring system (IMS) of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Preparatory Organization (CTBTO) stations when Asian dust was observed at any of the sites in Japan. In addition, we observed that the detection rates were high in Takasaki, Beijing, Lanzhou, and Ulaanbaatar. It can be inferred that the Cs-137 observed mainly in spring at the IMS particle radionuclide station in the East Asian region around Japan was likely to pick up the effects of global fallout conveyed by Asian dust. Thereafter, we conducted a preliminary source estimation analysis for Asian dust arrival near Japan. Atmospheric dispersion simulations explained the detection of Cs-137 at nearby IMS particle radionuclide stations, assuming that Cs-137 was emitted from the desert, the source of the Asian dust.
Concentrated growth factor contained CD34+ stem cells as a potential remedy for treating psoriasis
Authors: Guo Jing , Chu Weifang , Gao Jin , Lu Yongzhou , Cai Yijie , Yao Wei , Huang Minghuan , Xiao Qin , Xu Nan , Xu Qiannan
Published: June 2024

Concentrated growth factor (CGF), which contains CD34+ stem cells, has been used for treating alopecia and skin rejuvenation by modulating immune factors. Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin condition influenced by various immune factors, poses challenges in treatment, particularly for patients who are unsuitable for conventional therapies such as biologics due to factors like tumors. CGF, with its immunoregulatory properties and potential application across diverse patient profiles, has emerged as a promising alternative.
We investigated the impact of CGF on IL-17 levels in treated patients and its potential for psoriasis treatment in a mouse model. Twelve patients received three monthly CGF injections for alopecia, resulting in significantly reduced peripheral serum IL-17 levels posttreatment. In the psoriatic mouse model established with imiquimod (IMQ), groups receiving CGF alongside IMQ exhibited reduced erythema and scale levels compared to those in the IMQ alone group. Moreover, skin barrier scores improved, and IL-17 expression decreased in the CGF-treated group. Histopathological analysis revealed enhancements in skin characteristics. RNA-seq revealed downregulated IL-17, upregulated CD34 expression and elevated barrier-associated GO terms.
In conclusion, CGF treatment represents a promising approach for managing psoriasis by mitigating IL-17 expression and alleviating skin lesion severity. Its versatility in immune modulation suggests potential efficacy across diverse patient populations, warranting further exploration in clinical settings.
The use of high-resolution satellite topographic data to quantify volcanic activity at Raung volcano (Indonesia) from 2011 to 2021
Authors: Galetto Federico , Lillo Diego Lobos , Pritchard Matthew
Published: June 2024

Quantifying erupted masses of magma is fundamental to determine the size of eruptions. Pre- and post- eruptive Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) derived from satellite data can quantify erupted masses, even in remote areas. Here we used bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from the TanDEM-X satellite and EarthDEMs derived by stereo-optical data, to investigate topographic changes and the erupted mass at the caldera of Raung (Indonesia), which is one of the most frequently erupting volcanoes on Java. We found that erupted masses associated with Magnitude ≤ 2 eruptions occurred from 2000 to mid-2014 are difficult to be estimated with these DEMs, due to the difficultly to separate the signal of the limited amount of ash deposited within the caldera from data errors. On the contrary, these DEMs mapped at high resolution deposits of Magnitude ≥ 3 eruptions. The November 2014 – August 2015 eruption produced 11.72 ± 1.58 x1010 kg of magma (Magnitude 4.06 ± 0.06), generating lava flows with a maximum height of ~ 46–50 meters and a new intra-caldera cone. The January-April 2021 eruption, never studied before, erupted at least 2.29 ± 0.76 x1010 kg of magma (Magnitude 3.34 ± 0.15), generating lava flows (maximum thickness ~ 16–21 meters) and the growth of the intra-caldera cone. Our analysis reveals that the different pre-eruptive DEMs used to process SAR data and calculate topographic and volume changes can affect extrusive mass estimates by up to ~ 60%. Erupted masses at Raung here estimated could be used in future studies to develop physics-based models coupling extrusion rates with other monitoring parameters to further improve the knowledge of this frequently erupting volcano.
Reasons for disengagement in first-episode psychosis – perspectives from service users and their caregivers
Authors: Chua Yi Chian , Roystonn Kumarasan , Pushpa K , Verma Swapna , Tang Charmaine
Published: June 2024

Background: The efforts of early psychosis intervention programmes can be impeded by difficulties in maintaining the engagement of service users. As disengagement is often an autonomous decision made by service users, the main aim of this study was to gain insight into the reasons for service user disengagement through qualitative interviews with the service users themselves, and caregivers as proxies or secondary informants.
Methods: Participants recruited for the study were enrolled in the Early Psychosis Intervention Programme in Singapore for at least a year, aged 21 and above, able to communicate in English, and had disengaged for at least three months. The recruitment and interview processes were conducted independently for service user and caregiver participants. Potential participants were invited to a face-to-face semi-structured interview over video call or in-person. Each interview spanned one to two hours, and comprised five phases – icebreaker, exploration of the participant's experience with EPIP before deciding to disengage, discussion of reasons for disengagement, exploration of the post-disengagement experience, and feedback and suggestions for EPIP. Recruitment aimed to conclude after 10-15 participants were interviewed for both service user and caregiver groups, with the expectation that data saturation would be reached with no new themes emerging.
Results: Ultimately, 12 service user and 12 caregiver participants were recruited. There were six pairs of service user and caregiver dyads, where the caregivers interviewed were caring for service users also enrolled in the study. Valuable qualitative insights were gathered, including the type of disengagement, medication compliance during disengagement, the decision-making process behind disengaging, and circumstances surrounding re-engagement. A total of five major themes with subthemes emerged from the reasons for service user disengagement – individual factors, stigma, progression, treatment factors, and external factors.
Conclusions: There is a need to narrow down urgent areas of attention, aligning the study themes with established risk factors so that feasible solutions can be developed and appropriate care models can be adopted, to minimise adverse outcomes related to disengagement. It is important to keep an open mind to understand what personal recovery means to the individual service user, so that treatment goals can be better harmonised.
Prediction of default risk borne by financial enterprises in China based on big data analysis approach
Authors: Zhang Chang , Zhang Lei
Published: June 2024

With the development of digital technology, enterprises' online financial business capabilities continue to improve. Predicting the default risk of borrowers is an important issue in the development of financial enterprises in China. In this study, big data analysis algorithms were used to predict the credit risk of loans. Data were collected from a large financial enterprise in China, including demographic characteristics and characteristics of the loaning process. The overall accuracy and single precision of the forecast are evaluated by cost matrix analysis. For continuous input and discrete output data pairs, decision tree (DT) model has achieved best accuracy and negative precision; artificial neural networks (ANN) algorithm has performed brilliantly in sensitivity; support vector machine (SVM) model has achieved the highest area under curve (AUC). For discrete input-output data pairs, DT model has achieved the best accuracy, sensitivity and negative precision. DT has been employed to analyze the relationship between the default risk and selected attributes, the possible causes and appropriate measures are discussed in this study.
Structural Changes in the Global Value Chain: Analysis of Length and Position in East Asia
Authors: Suganuma Kenji
Published: June 2024

This paper uses several global input-output tables to analyze changes in the global value chains (GVCs) from the 1990s to the 2020s, with a focus on East Asia. The main feature of the study is that we combine upstreamness and downstreamness, which express GVCs quantitatively, to calculate two indicators "length of GVC" and "position on GVC"for analysis. Our findings are as follows: First, the values of these indicators are consistent with our intuitive perceptions of the position of each country and industry in GVCs. Second, these indicators capture structural changes in GVCs. The length of GVCs in the world has increased in the 2000s and slowed down in the 2010s, which is consistent with the expansion of global trade in the 2000s and stagnation in the 2010s, known as slow trade. Third, these figures can also be used to analyze some events in the global economy, such as the impact of the US-China trade friction. Finally, the position on GVCs could be used in analyzing the competitiveness of industries in combination with the value-added ratio.
JEL Code: C67, F50, F52
Brazing of ZTA ceramic with titanium for biomedical application
Authors: Fedotov Ivan , Ivannikov Alexander , Terehova Sofia , Dzhumaev Pavel , Kozlov Ilya , Svetogorov Roman , Klushin Ivan , Sevryukov Oleg
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this work was to determine the wetting angles on ZTA ceramic and titanium by new Zr-30Ti-20Co filler metal, identify the mechanism of crystallization during brazing and conduct further corrosion tests of Ti-ZTA brazed joints in Ringer Locke solution. With electronic microscopy, XRD and EDS study it was found that the structure of the joint was represented by eutectic and eutectoid structural components, consisting of α-(Ti,Zr) and (Ti, Zr)2Co phases. With a cyclic potentiodynamic test the pitting corrosion of intermetallic compounds (Ti, Zr)2Co in the brazed joint was revealed. The analysis of ions concentration in Ringer Locke solution shows that cobalt ions are mainly released into the solution during electrochemical tests.
The oncogenic potential of salivary microRNA-93 and microRNA-412-3p in oral lichen planus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: ELhefny Moataz , Rashwan Weam , Shaker Olfat , Korien Inas
Published: June 2024

Background: Oral Lichen Planus is one of the most popular chronic mucocutaneous diseases. It is classified as potentially malignant lesions. Many microRNAs can be used as biological markers for the disease and for its malignant transformation. The aim of the study to measure the expression of microRNA-93 and microRNA-412-3p in Oral Lichen Planus patients, patients diagnosed as Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and healthy controls.
Methodology: 60 patients were divided into 3 groups; each group contains 20 patients. Group I for Oral Lichen Planus patients, group II for healthy controls and group III for Oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients. All of these patients were chosen from those attending Kasr Al-Einy hospital, Cairo University. After full diagnosis and matching of our eligibility criteria, saliva sample was taken from each patient to measure the concentration of microRNA-93 and microRNA-412-3p. Results: Both microRNA-93 and miceoRNA-412-3p were upregulated in Oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients than Oral Lichen patients than controls and both of them had great sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy for both Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous cell carcinoma.
Conclusion: MicroRNA-93 and micriRNA-412-3p can be used as diagnostic markers and for the oncogenic potential of Oral Lichen Planus Key Words OLP, OSCC, microRNA, miRNA-93, miRNA-412-3p
Impact of High-Protein Diets on Weight Loss Programs: Analyzing Loss of Muscle and Skeletal Mass
Authors: Ma Yahui , Sun Lina , Mu Zhijing
Published: June 2024

Objective
The objective of this probe is to determine the effects of High-Protein Diets (HPD) on weight loss programs.
Methodology
From January 2021 to May 2022, 133 patients, who were enrolled in a Chinese-based weight loss program, participated in a clinical trial aimed at investigating the impact of High-Protein Diets (HPD) on weight loss programs. The effects of the diet plan on the patients’ insulin, hemoglobin, and Vitamin D levels were assessed and the findings examined to evaluate the impact of HPD on muscle and skeletal mass.
Results and Findings
HPD was useful in catalyzing the effectiveness of weight loss programs. It led to reductions in skeletal and muscle mass during the trial period based on its impact on insulin, hemoglobin, and Vitamin D levels among the trial population..
Osteopathic management of non-specific neck pain: a modified Delphi study
Authors: Fleischmann Michael , McLaughlin Patrick , Vaughan Brett , Hayes Alan
Published: June 2024

Background
Neck pain is a widespread and persistent musculoskeletal condition, with over half of cases unresolved for years. Nonspecific neck pain poses a particular challenge, often driven by complex physical, psychological, and social factors that lead to ongoing disability. Osteopaths frequently treat musculoskeletal pain using a biopsychosocial approach, yet their specific strategies for nonspecific neck pain remain largely unexplored and likely vary based on practitioner approach.
Methods
Eleven osteopaths took part in a modified Delphi involving the completion of successive online questionnaires. Across three distinct rounds, participants responded to three different questionnaires distributed via email. Survey development was based on HOAC-II, a patient centred framework for healthcare. Surveys comprised questions related to frequency of use of various osteopathic examination, treatment and management techniques and strategies for patients with nonspecific neck pain. Round 1 and Round 2 comprised open ended questions, Round 3 sought an agreement (Kendall’s W) from panel members about what examination, treatment techniques and management approaches are essential for patients with nonspecific neck pain.
Results
This modified Delphi study established a consensus among expert osteopaths regarding the examination and management of patients with NSNP. Employing the patient-centred HOAC-II framework, the study highlighted key elements of NSNP care deemed essential by Australian osteopaths.
Conclusion
The study revealed that the examination techniques and management strategies osteopaths consider essential for patients with non-specific neck pain align with practices frequently used by other health professionals.
Preliminary Diagnostic Assessment Process and Case Studies for Existing Residential Regeneration
Authors: Liu Chang , Fan Yue , Zhang Qiong , Lin Guanfeng
Published: June 2024

With the increasing efforts of the state to renew old settlements, the regeneration of existing houses built in the 1980s-2000s has entered a stage where it is urgent to transform from rough to refined transformation, but the diagnostic and assessment standards and decision-making basis for the pre-transformation stage have not yet been established. At the same time, the arrival of the era of informatization and intelligence also brings new opportunities and challenges for the diagnostic and assessment work of existing residential regeneration. Based on the existing research foundation of building regeneration, the article constructs a diagnostic and assessment process for the regeneration of existing residential buildings from an architectural perspective, which is divided into three phases: data collection and integration, visual model construction, and diagnostic assessment and analysis, and comprehensively applies the technology of building information modeling to carry out a comprehensive assessment using qualitative and quantitative diagnosis to form the template of diagnostic assessment. The diagnostic assessment template is formed, and an existing residence in Shenzhen is used as a case study object to apply the diagnostic assessment methodology and process, covering the collection of key element information, integration, diagnosis, and further assessment based on the diagnostic conclusions, to guide the design of remodeling programs. The study provides scientific guidance and decision-making direction for the practice of fine regeneration of existing residences and the formulation of related standard guidelines, improves the efficiency of decision-making, and has advanced demonstrative effect and foresight.
Development mechanisms of cyclonic vorticity under two distinct large-scale weather patterns associated with summer heavy rainfall over North China
Authors: Li Jiao , Zhao Ping , Chen Deliang , Zhao Yang , Wen Zhiping , Zhang Chao
Published: June 2024

Two types of weather patterns with distinct locations of low-level cyclonic vorticity anomaly, referred to as Type 1 and Type 2, associated with local heavy summer rainfall over North China have been identified (Li et al., 2024). However, their evolutions and underlying mechanisms were not investigated. In this present study, we find that the large positive value of vorticity anomalies (LPV) of both types exhibit eastward intensification from their early to developing stages. Nonetheless, they follow distinct trajectories. Type 1 takes a northern path, while Type 2 follows a southern trajectory. These distinct LPV trajectories are primarily attributed to synoptic-scale circulations. Type 1 is influenced by the northward shift of the Western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH), while Type 2 is affected by both the southward shift of WNPSH and baroclinic trough. Despite the varied paths, the LPVs for both types share eastward development, significantly linked to vertical motion stretching. Quantitative examinations reveal that the dynamic forcing mainly driven by temperature advection dominates vertical motion for Type 1 at the early stage, contributing 66.4%. In contrast, for Type 2, the diabatic forcing plays a more significant role, accounting for 59.7%. The underlying mechanism for Type 1 involves significant southerly wind anomalies transporting warm flows northwards, promoting strong warm advection and enhancing upward motion and LPV development. For Type 2, abundant moisture near the LPV facilitates strong diabatic forcing-induced upward motion. By the developing stage, the diabatic forcing becomes the main driver of vertical motion for both types.
Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer for improved root growth, nitrogen utilization, and yield of cotton under mulched drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang, China
Authors: luo yu , Yin Hao , Ma Yue , Wang Juanhong , Che Qingxuan , Zhang Man , Chen Bolang , Feng Gu
Published: June 2024

The root system plays a crucial role in water and nutrient absorption, making it a significant factor affected by nitrogen (N) availability in the soil. However, the intricate dynamics and distribution patterns of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) root density and N nutrient under varying N supplies in Southern Xinjiang, China, have not been thoroughly understood. A two-year experiment (2021 and 2022) was conducted to determine the effects of five N rates (0, 150, 225, 300, and 450 kg N ha− 1) on the root system, shoot growth, N uptake and distribution, and cotton yield. Compared to the N0 treatment (0 kg N ha− 1), the application of N fertilizer at a rate of 300 kg N ha− 1 resulted in consistent and higher seed cotton yields of 5875 kg ha− 1 and 6815 kg ha− 1 in 2021 and 2022, respectively. This N fertilization also led to a significant improvement in dry matter weight and N uptake by 32.4% and 53.7%, respectively. Furthermore, applying N fertilizer at a rate of 225 kg N ha− 1 significantly increased root length density (RLD), root surface density (RSD), and root volume density (RVD) by 49.6-113.3%, 29.1–95.1%, and 42.2–64.4%, respectively, compared to the treatment without N fertilization (0 kg N ha− 1). Notably, the roots in the 0-20cm soil layers exhibited a stronger response to N fertilization compared to the roots distributed in the 20-40cm soil layers. The root morphology parameters (RLD, RSD, and RVD) at specific soil depths (0–10 cm in the seedling stage, 10–25 cm in the bud stage, and 20–40 cm in the peak boll stage) were significantly associated with N uptake and seed cotton yield. Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer supply within the range of 225–300 kg N ha− 1 can enhance root foraging, thereby promoting the interaction between roots and shoots and ultimately improving cotton production in arid areas.
Intraocular pressure lowering effect of Omidenepag Isopropyl in Glaucoma: Comparing between Normal-Tension Glaucoma and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Ryu Hee Kyung , Kim Seong Ah , Shin Hee Jong , Oh Si Eun , Park Chan Kee , Park Hae-Young Lopilly
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing the efficacy of Omidenepag Isopropyl (OMDI) in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), and to compare its effects between patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and those with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Eyes treated with OMDI, including 48 with NTG and 46 with POAG, were included. Data on visual acuity (VA), IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AxL), mean deviation (MD), visual field index (VFI), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were collected. Differences across groups (NTG vs. POAG, OMDI responders vs. non-responders, and HM(High myopia) vs. non-HM) were evaluated using independent t-tests for factors. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with the IOP reduction efficacy of OMDI within the NTG and POAG groups. ANCOVA assessed mean IOP reduction differences between groups adjusting for other significant variables. In NTG patients, a negative correlation was observed between AxL with the IOP reduction effect of OMDI, while a positive correlation between baseline IOP and VA reduction with the percentage of IOP reduction was noted in both NTG and POAG groups. There was a trend toward greater IOP reduction effect by OMDI in NTG compared to POAG after adjusting for baseline IOP and AxL. In the NTG group, HM eyes showed a lower IOP reduction rate compared to non-HM eyes, following adjustments for baseline IOP.