bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular switch architecture determines response properties of signaling pathways
Authors: Ghusinga Khem Raj , Jones Roger D. , Jones Alan M. , Elston Timothy C.
Published: March 2021

Significance

Molecular switches are key components of intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Experimental work has established that the activity of molecular switches is regulated by three distinct mechanisms: 1) activation, 2) derepression, and 3) concerted (activation and derepression). However, it remains unclear how the choice of signaling mechanism influences the performance properties of the switch. Here, we characterize each switch design in terms of dose–response relationship, response time, and abilities to process upstream fluctuations. Our results highlight unique features of each mechanism and provide insight into the operating principles that underlie many different signaling pathways.
Context of situation and the role of language
Authors: Bowcher Wendy L.
Published: March 2021

‘Role’ is typically defined according to the part and/or function that something or someone contributes to a
situation. This two-fold perspective is also inherent in discussions of the role of language: the ‘amount’ of language that is
involved in a situation and the ‘function’ of language in a situation, with both perspectives relating to the non-linguistic
systems that may be involved in the conduct of the situation relative to language. It is the latter of these perspectives,
however, that has typically received most attention in discourse analysis, with the former (the ‘amount’) being left implicit and
unproblematised. This paper considers the role of language from various discourse analytical perspectives before critically
examining the concept within Systemic Functional Linguistics. Using system networks as the representational and analytical
platform, the paper redefines ‘role of language’ in contextual Mode as comprised of two sub-systems: degree of
involvement and type of involvement. degree of involvement accounts for the compositional contribution
that language makes in a situation; type of involvement accounts for the way in which language may function in a
situation. Using an illustrative dataset, the paper also demonstrates the effectiveness of the systemic approach in accounting for
overlapping and differing contextual configurations by showing how features within the role of language configure and how
these in turn configure with options in the Field system-network of action. These configurations are essentially hypotheses that can be more comprehensively tested through empirical research.
Autour du Louvre-Lens: An Ambitious Tourism Engineering Project
Authors: Carter Roger , Connolly Gaëlle , Ward-Perkins David , Crozier Norbert
Published: March 2021

Two driving factors underlie this tourism initiative: the decision to create a Louvre satellite museum in the ex-industrial town of Lens and the candidature for UNESCO World Heritage status for the mining area in the Pas-de-Calais region of France. The challenge is how best to develop tourism in an area which has no previous experience or reputation as a tourist destination. ‘Mission Louvre-Lens Tourisme’ was launched in 2010. This case describes the journey in the last decade of developing and implementing the strategy.

Information

Dr Roger Carter and Gaëlle Connolly, adapted from a case study prepared for the OECD manual
Operationalisation of Destinations Management Organisations in Romania
(March 2020)

© CAB International 2021
The Islamic Republic of Iran’s New Population Policy and Recent Changes in Fertility
Authors: Ladier-Fouladi Marie
Published: March 2021

After dropping rapidly and steadily over two decades, fertility in Iran stabilized between 2001 and 2011 at around 1.9 to 2 children per woman, before starting to rise slightly between 2012 and 2016, then falling fairly quickly. This coincided with the implementation of the Islamic Republic’s new population policy, with its aggressive and coercive measures, one of whose goals was to reverse the downwards trend in fertility. Given changes in proximate and remote determinants of fertility in Iran, and the decline in fertility since 2016, it is assumed that this new population policy triggered a reduction in intervals between births between 2012 and 2015, leading to a slight rise in the fertility of already married couples. The other latent objective of the Islamic Republic’s new population policy is to drive Iran’s population up to 150 million inhabitants in the near future. This is utopian given Iran’s demographic dynamics, but it conceals the political and ideological goal of asserting Iran’s demographic and geopolitical significance within the region, by drawing on a novel immigration policy to make up for its low fertility.
Final report on SIM.L.K1.2007.1 bilateral comparison (length) 2018-2019: calibration of gauge blocks by optical interferometry
Authors: Álvarez L , Beer E , Giarmana G , Bastida K , Colín C , López A , Villesid M , Eves B
Published: March 2021

Main text

This bilateral SIM key comparison on calibration of gauge blocks by interferometry (SIM.L-K1.2007.1) was carried out between CENAM (México) and INTI (Argentina). Its scope is to support and maintain the claimed Calibration and Measurement Capability (CMC) by the participants, which regularly offer the service of gauge block calibration by optical interferometry. The comparison was held from first half of 2018 to second half of 2019, and involved the measurement of eleven steel gauge blocks-eight in the range of short gauge block and three in the range of long gauge block. The reference values for each nominal length were taken as the arithmetic mean. The results of both participants are in good agreement with the reference values for all the gauge blocks measured. This makes the present comparison exercise valid to provide evidence of the participants' competence. The results also provides evidence to support the CMC claims of the participants in gauge block calibration by optical interferometry and for those service that stems out of this key technique as required by the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the BEV, Austria and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Steurer A , Tiefenboeck W , Merza V
Published: March 2021

Main text

A new key comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen (BEV), Austria and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM in July 2020. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficients for two transfer standards and evaluated as a ratio of the BEV and the BIPM standards for absorbed dose to water, is 0.9997 with a combined standard uncertainty of 4.1 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the comparison carried out in 2009. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report for supplementary comparison APMP.QM-S14: hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in nitrogen at 100 nmol/mol
Authors: Lee S , Kang J H , Kim Y D , Kim D H , Zhe B , Wang D , Tshilongo J , Ntsasa N G , Leshabane N , Jozela M , Lekoto G A , Seemane P
Published: March 2021

Main text

Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) are toxic air pollutants that are mainly emitted from man-made sources such as chemical processes, automobiles, power plants, and refineries, building materials, and cleaning solvents. Some HAPs are emitted from wildfires and chemical leak. HAPs are regulated and monitored to protect public health and the environment because they cause severe health effects such as cancer, damages to the immune system, reproductive and respiratory health problems.

For this supplementary comparison, a multicomponent mixture of HAPs in nitrogen has been chosen at an amount-of-substance fraction level of 100 nmol mol-1 that is closer to their emission levels from their sources. The supplementary comparison is designed to underpin calibration capabilities using HAPs gas mixtures that are prepared gravimetrically as transfer standards.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
The global potential energy surface of

PH2+(21A′)

extrapolated to the complete basis set limit
Authors: Lü Yanling , Zhang Chengyuan , Ma Hongyu , Guo Qiang , Li Yongqing
Published: March 2021

It has been established that the proton transfer dynamics of

P

+

(

P

3

)

+

H

2

(

X

1

Σ

g

+

)

→
P

H

+

(

A

2

Δ

)

+
H

(

S

2

)

play an important role in determining the chain reaction of phosphorus-containing

P
H

n

+

(

n
=
0
−
4

)

compounds in the planetary ionosphere. This work presents an accurate global potential energy surface (PES) of

P
H

2

+

(

2

1

A

′

)

for the first time by fitting extensive ab initio energies from the aug-cc-pV(T, Q)Z level of theory using the multi-reference configuration interaction method including Davidson correction, and extrapolating the points to the complete basis set limit. The spectral parameters of PH+(A
2Δ) and

H

2

(

X

1

Σ

g

+

)

are shown to be in agreement with the data available in previous literature. Meanwhile, a detailed study of the topographical features of the global PES could be used as a reliable photolytic kinetic theory for the

P

+

(

P

3

)

+

H

2

(

X

1

Σ

g

+

)

reaction. Furthermore, to demonstrate the validity of the new PES, we have explicitly taken into account the

P

+

(

P

3

)

+

H

2

(

X

1

Σ

g

+

)

(

v
=
0
,
j
=
0

)

→
P

H

+

(

A

2

Δ

)

+
H

(

S

2

)

reaction, and assessed its feasibility in terms of reaction dynamics by calculating the integral cross-section via the time-dependent wave packet and quasi-classical trajectory approaches. The consequent results indicate that the new PES is suitable for thermochemical reactions.
Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides
Authors: Guan Weimian , Lv Hao , Yuan Jie , Chen Dejiang , Zhu Tao , Fang Youtong , Liu Jiabin , Wang Hongtao , Li Zhihui , Tang Zhigong , Yang Wei
Published: March 2021

Discharge homogeneity is one of the dominant factors affecting cathode lifetime. In this work, the arc ablation behavior of a zirconium cathode is investigated in air and argon atmospheres. Homogeneous discharge processes are observed in air, while poor discharge homogeneity with scattered cathode spots is found in argon. The homogeneous discharge process is related to the layered structure at the discharge center. The surface zirconium oxide layer stabilizes the arc foot and reduces the effective work function. A dual-phase layer underneath, consisting of zirconium oxides and zirconium, enables the transition from the zirconium matrix to the surface oxide layer. The sustainable discharge behaviors are realized by the balance in the cathode, which is created by the ablation of surface zirconium oxides and the oxidization of zirconium in the dual-phase layer.
Force probe simulations using an adaptive resolution scheme
Authors: Oestereich Marco , Gauss Jürgen , Diezemann Gregor
Published: March 2021

Molecular simulations of the forced unfolding and refolding of biomolecules or molecular complexes allow to gain important kinetic, structural and thermodynamic information about the folding process and the underlying energy landscape. In force probe molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations, one pulls one end of the molecule with a constant velocity in order to induce the relevant conformational transitions. Since the extended configuration of the system has to fit into the simulation box together with the solvent such simulations are very time consuming. Here, we apply a hybrid scheme in which the solute is treated with atomistic resolution and the solvent molecules far away from the solute are described in a coarse-grained manner. We use the adaptive resolution scheme (AdResS) that has very successfully been applied to various examples of equilibrium simulations. We perform FPMD simulations using AdResS on a well studied system, a dimer formed from mechanically interlocked calixarene capsules. The results of the multiscale simulations are compared to all-atom simulations of the identical system and we observe that the size of the region in which atomistic resolution is required depends on the pulling velocity, i.e. the particular non-equilibrium situation. For large pulling velocities a larger all atom region is required. Our results show that multiscale simulations can be applied also in the strong non-equilibrium situations that the system experiences in FPMD simulations.
Point-contact spectroscopy of heavy fermion superconductors Ce2PdIn8 and Ce3PdIn11 in comparison with CeCoIn5
Authors: Yin Lichang , Che Liqiang , Le Tian , Chen Ye , Zhang Yongjun , Lee Hanoh , Gnida Daniel , Thompson Joe D , Kaczorowski Dariusz , Lu Xin
Published: March 2021

We report point-contact spectroscopy measurements on heavy fermion cousins CeCoIn5, Ce2PdIn8 and Ce3PdIn11 to systematically study the hybridization between f and conduction electrons. Below a temperature T*, the spectrum of each compound exhibits an evolving Fano-like conductance shape, superimposed on a sloping background, that suggests the development of hybridization between local f and itinerant conduction electrons in the coherent heavy fermion state below T*. We present a quantitative analysis of the conductance curves with a two-channel model to compare the tunneling process between normal metallic silver particles in our soft point-contact and heavy-fermion single crystals CeCoIn5, Ce2PdIn8 and Ce3PdIn11.
Superconductivity in quasi-2D InTaX2 (X = S, Se) type-II Weyl semimetals
Authors: Adam Mukhtar Lawan , Bala Abba Alhaji
Published: March 2021

Herein, first-principles calculations were employed to study the electronic, topological, and superconducting properties of InTaX2 (X = S, Se). InTaX2 exhibits nodal lines in the absence of spin–orbit coupling (SOC); on SOC inclusion, the nodal lines form Weyl rings with the Weyl points classified as a type-II Weyl semimetal (WSM) with tilted cones. Using Green functions method calculations, surface states distinguishable from the bulk states, and Fermi arcs surface states were visualized on the (001) easily cleavable indium terminated surface of both materials. The electron–phonon calculations using the Allen–Dynes relations predict InTaSe2 and InTaS2 to be superconducting around 2.38 K and 3.25 K. The prediction of these exotic properties in InTaX2 (X = S, Se) makes them suitable for experimental validation of topological superconductivity in type-II WSMs.
Dynamic coarse-graining of polymer systems using mobility functions
Authors: Li Bing , Daoulas Kostas , Schmid Friederike
Published: March 2021

We propose a dynamic coarse-graining (CG) scheme for mapping heterogeneous polymer fluids onto extremely CG models in a dynamically consistent manner. The idea is to use as target function for the mapping a wave-vector dependent mobility function derived from the single-chain dynamic structure factor, which is calculated in the microscopic reference system. In previous work, we have shown that dynamic density functional calculations based on this mobility function can accurately reproduce the order/disorder kinetics in polymer melts, thus it is a suitable starting point for dynamic mapping. To enable the mapping over a range of relevant wave vectors, we propose to modify the CG dynamics by introducing internal friction parameters that slow down the CG monomer dynamics on local scales, without affecting the static equilibrium structure of the system. We illustrate and discuss the method using the example of infinitely long linear Rouse polymers mapped onto ultrashort CG chains. We show that our method can be used to construct dynamically consistent CG models for homopolymers with CG chain length N = 4, whereas for copolymers, longer CG chain lengths are necessary.
Density-functional-theory approach to the Hamiltonian adaptive resolution simulation method
Authors: Baptista L A , Dutta R C , Sevilla M , Heidari M , Potestio R , Kremer K , Cortes-Huerto R
Published: March 2021

In the Hamiltonian adaptive resolution simulation method (H–AdResS) it is possible to simulate coexisting atomistic (AT) and ideal gas representations of a physical system that belong to different subdomains within the simulation box. The Hamiltonian includes a field that bridges both models by smoothly switching on (off) the intermolecular potential as particles enter (leave) the AT region. In practice, external one-body forces are calculated and applied to enforce a reference density throughout the simulation box, and the resulting external potential adds up to the Hamiltonian. This procedure suggests an apparent dependence of the final Hamiltonian on the system’s thermodynamic state that challenges the method’s statistical mechanics consistency. In this paper, we explicitly include an external potential that depends on the switching function. Hence, we build a grand canonical potential for this inhomogeneous system to find the equivalence between H–AdResS and density functional theory (DFT). We thus verify that the external potential inducing a constant density profile is equal to the system’s excess chemical potential. Given DFT’s one-to-one correspondence between external potential and equilibrium density, we find that a Hamiltonian description of the system is compatible with the numerical implementation based on enforcing the reference density across the simulation box. In the second part of the manuscript, we focus on assessing our approach’s convergence and computing efficiency concerning various model parameters, including sample size and solute concentrations. To this aim, we compute the excess chemical potential of water, aqueous urea solutions and Lennard–Jones (LJ) mixtures. The results’ convergence and accuracy are convincing in all cases, thus emphasising the method’s robustness and capabilities.
Dose quantities for measurement and comparison of doses to individual patients in computed tomography (CT)
Authors: Martin Colin J , Abuhaimed Abdullah , Lee Choonsik
Published: March 2021

The dose quantities displayed routinely on CT scanners, the volume averaged CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product, provide measures of doses calculated for standard phantoms. The American Association of Medical Physics has published conversion factors for the adjustment of CTDIvol to take account of variations in patient size, the results being termed size-specific dose estimate (SSDE). However, CTDIvol and SSDE, while useful in comparing and optimising doses from a set procedure, do not provide risk-related information that takes account of the organs and tissues irradiated and associated cancer risks. A derivative of effective dose that takes account of differences in body and organ sizes and masses, referred to here as size-specific effective dose (SED), can provide such information. Data on organ doses from NCICT software that is based on Monte Carlo simulations of CT scans for 193 adult phantoms have been used to compute values of SED for CT examinations of the trunk and results compared with corresponding values of SSDE. Relationships within ±8% were observed between SED and SSDE for scans extending over similar regions for phantoms with a wide range of sizes. Coefficients have been derived from fits of the data to estimate SED values from SSDEs for different regions of the body for scans of standard lengths based on patient height. A method developed to take account of differences in scan length gave SED results within ±5% of values calculated using the NCI phantom library. This approach could potentially be used to estimate SED from SSDE values, allowing their display at the time a CT scan is performed.
Synthesis and characterization of Gd2O3: Er3+, Yb3+ doped with Mg2+, Li+ ions—effect on the photoluminescence and biological applications
Authors: Kamińska Izabela , Wosztyl Aleksandra , Kowalik Przemysław , Sikora Bożena , Wojciechowski Tomasz , Sobczak Kamil , Minikayev Roman , Zajdel Karolina , Chojnacki Michał , Zaleszczyk Wojciech , Łysiak Katarzyna , Paszkowicz Wojciech , Szczytko Jacek , Frontczak-Baniewicz Małgorzata , Stryczniewicz Wit , Fronc Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

Gd2O3:1% Er3+, 18% Yb3+, x% Mg2+ (x = 0; 2.5; 4; 5; 6; 8;10; 20; 25; 50) and Gd2O3:1% Er3+, 18% Yb3+, 2,5% Mg2+, y% Li+ (y = 0.5–2.5) nanoparticles were synthesized by homogenous precipitation method and calcined at 900 °C for 3 h in air atmosphere. Powder x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and photoluminescence techniques were employed to characterize the obtained nanoparticles. We observed a 8-fold increase in red luminescence for samples suspended in DMSO solution for 2.5% of Mg2+ doping. The x-ray analysis shows that for the concentration of 2.5% Mg, the size of the crystallites in the NPs is the largest, which is mainly responsible for the increase in the intensity of the upconversion luminescence. But the addition of Li+ ions did not improve the luminescence of the upconversion due to decreasing of crystallites size of the NPs. Synthesized nanomaterials with very effective upconverting luminescence, can act as luminescent markers in in vivo imaging. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was evaluated on the 4T1 cell line for the first time.
On the law of the iterated logarithm for continued fractions with sequentially restricted partial quotients
Authors: Stadlbauer Manuel , Zhang Xuan
Published: March 2021

We establish a law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) for the set of real numbers whose nth partial quotient is bigger than α

n
, where (α

n
) is a sequence such that ∑1/α

n
is finite. This set is shown to have Hausdorff dimension 1/2 in many cases and the measure in LIL is absolutely continuous to the Hausdorff measure. The result is obtained as an application of a strong invariance principle for unbounded observables on the limit set of a sequential iterated function system.
Ultra-fast growth (up to 100 nm s−1) of heavily doped EuBa2Cu3O7 film with highly aligned BaHfO3 nanocolumn structure
Authors: Wu Yue , Jiang Guangyu , Zhu Jiamin , Wu Donghong , Quan Xueling , Shi Jiangtao , Suo Hongli , Zhao Yue
Published: March 2021

Ultra-fast growth (up to 100 nm s−1) of high temperature superconducting film was demonstrated by using an advanced pulsed laser deposition technique. Highly textured EuBa2Cu3O7−δ
(EuBCO) film with 8 mol.% of BaHfO3 (BHO) was deposited on the IBAD-based Hastelloy substrates. Structure characterizations reveal formation of high density of BHO nanocolumns with diameter of ∼5 nm in the film, which is well beyond the expectation. Comparison study on different amount of BHO in EBCO film confirmed that nanocolumn formation strongly depends on the dopant level. The epitaxial growth process of BHO is dominated by ultra-fast self-assembly associated with enhanced diffusion of high flux element and liquid phase. Due to the correlated pinning landscape, a pronounced broad peak appears at B//c in the J
c(θ) curves at 30 K 5 T, while a strong pinning force of about 900 GN m−3 at 4.2 K, 10 T (B//c) are achieved.
Low‐purity Cu and Al sheathed multi‐core MgB2 wires made by IMD process
Authors: Kováč P , Kováč J , Perez N , Scheiter J , Búran M , Kopera L , Hušek I , Melišek T , Berek D
Published: March 2021

Up to now, the highest current densities of MgB2 superconducting wires have been obtained by the internal magnesium diffusion (IMD) method. MgB2 superconductors are especially suitable for DC or AC windings generating low or medium magnetic fields, where thermal stability and low AC losses are important issues. Mechanical, thermal and electrical parameters of the wires are strongly influenced by metallic materials used for the outer sheath. While highly electrical conductive sheath material is beneficial for thermally stable behaviour, it has a great effect on the generation of high eddy current losses. To minimize the contribution of eddy current losses, multi-core MgB2 wires with low purity Cu and Al sheaths were prepared by the IMD process and characterized in detail. Results of low temperature measurements are analysed and discussed in the present work.
Chiral-induced spin selectivity in the formation and recombination of radical pairs: cryptochrome magnetoreception and EPR detection
Authors: Luo Jiate , Hore P J
Published: March 2021

That the rates and yields of reactions of organic radicals can be spin dependent is well known in the context of the radical pair mechanism (RPM). Less well known, but still well established, is the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in which chiral molecules act as spin filters that preferentially transmit electrons with spins polarized parallel or antiparallel to their direction of motion. Starting from the assumption that CISS can arise in electron transfer reactions of radical pairs, we propose a simple way to include CISS in conventional models of radical pair spin dynamics. We show that CISS can (a) increase the sensitivity of radical pairs to the direction of a weak external magnetic field, (b) change the dependence of the magnetic field effect on the reaction rate constants, and (c) destroy the field-inversion symmetry characteristic of the RPM. We argue that CISS polarization effects could be observable by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) of oriented samples either as differences in continuous wave, time-resolved spectra recorded with the spectrometer field parallel or perpendicular to the CISS quantization axis or as signals in the in-phase channel of an out-of-phase ESEEM (electron spin echo envelope modulation) experiment. Finally we assess whether CISS might be relevant to the hypothesis that the magnetic compass of migratory songbirds relies on photochemically-formed radical pairs in cryptochrome flavoproteins. Although CISS effects offer the possibility of evolving a more sensitive or precise compass, the associated lack of field-inversion symmetry has not hitherto been observed in behavioural experiments. In addition, it may no longer be safe to assume that the observation of a polar magnetic compass response in an animal can be used as evidence against a radical pair sensory mechanism.
Optimal COVID-19 infection spread under low temperature, dry air, and low UV radiation
Authors: Asher Eitan E , Ashkenazy Yosef , Havlin Shlomo , Sela Alon
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is spreading rapidly throughout the world, causing many deaths and severe economic damage. It is believed that hot and humid conditions do not favor the novel coronavirus, yet this is still under debate due to many uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 data. Here we propose surrogate data tests to examine the preference of this virus to spread under different climate conditions. We find, by mainly studying the relative number of COVID-19 deaths, that the disease is significantly (above the 95% confidence level) more common when the temperature is ∼10 °C, the relative humidity is ∼60%, the specific humidity is ∼5 g kg−1, and the ultraviolet radiation is less than ∼50 kJ m−2 (per hour). We also find, but less significantly, that the relative number of COVID-19 deaths is high when the wind is weak and low when the wind is strong. The results are supported based on global and regional data, spanning the time period from January to December 2020. The COVID-19 data includes the daily reported new cases and the daily deaths; for both, the population size is either taken into account or ignored.
Keller box study for inclined magnetically driven Casson nanofluid over a stretching sheet: single phase model
Authors: Jamshed Wasim , Karatas Akgül Esra , Sooppy Nisar Kottakkaran
Published: March 2021

The current analysis signifies the Casson nanofluid stream with inclined magnetohydrodynamics, viscous dissipation, joule heating, thermal radiation, particle shape factor effects over a moving flat horizontal surface with entropy analysis. This study presents a novel idea regarding the implementation of Tiwari and Das model on Casson fluid model by considering ethylene glycol as a base fluid. Tiwari and Das model considers nanoparticles volume fraction for heat transfer enhancement instead of the Buongiorno model which heavily relies on thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion effects for heat transfer analysis. The velocity slip and convective slip boundary conditions have been employed at the surface of the sheet. By utilizing the suitable transformations, the modeled PDEs (partial-differential equations) are renewed in ODEs (ordinary-differential equations) and treated these equations numerically with the help of classical Keller box method. Two different classes of nanofluids, Copper-Ethylene Glycol (

C
u
−
EG

) and Molybdenum Disulfide-Ethylene Glycol (

M
o

S

2

−
EG

) have been taken into considering for our analysis. The behaviour of surface drag coefficient and Nusselt number for the varied values of various sundry parameters is designed via tables. Our findings show that an increase in the Reynolds and Brinkman numbers increased the overall entropy of the system.
A mathematical model of torsional vibrations of SWCNTs incorporating surface irregularity effects
Authors: Selim Mahmoud M , Nofal Taher A
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present work is to investigate the surface irregularity effects on torsional vibrations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Equation of motion and corresponding closed form solutions were derived based Hamilton’s model. The equations of motion are solved analytically and the influence of surface irregularity on the natural frequency of torsional vibrations of SWCNTs is studied in detail. Numerical caculations were performed for chiral graphene SWCNT of (12, 6) and the results of torsional vibrations were discussed and presented graphically. The obtained numerical results reveal that, the surface irregularity has notable effects on the natural frequency of torsional vibrations of SWCNTs. The impacts of surface irregularities on the natural frequency of nano materials, especially for the natural frequancies of torsional vibration of SWCNTs, have not been studied and most of previous studied were carried out for regular carbon nanotubes. In this sense, the present study is novel, and it is expected that the results obtained will be useful in the design and analysis of the torsional vibration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanostructures.
Extended hydrodynamics of degenerate partially spin polarized fermions with short-range interaction up to the third order by interaction radius approximation
Authors: Andreev Pavel A
Published: March 2021

The possibility of the hydrodynamic description of ultracold fermions via the microscopic derivation of the model is described. Differently truncated hydrodynamic models are derived and compared. All models are based on the microscopic many-particle Schrödinger equation. Minimal coupling models based on the continuity and Euler equations are considered. An extended hydrodynamic model including the independent dynamics of the momentum flux (the pressure evolution) is derived. The influence of the spin polarization is described. The short-range interaction is considered in the isotropic limit. The interaction is considered up to the third order by interaction radius. Therefore, the single-fluid model of spin-1/2 fermions and the two-fluid model of spin-1/2 fermions are under consideration in this paper. Spectra of bulk collective excitations are derived and compared in terms of different models.
Effect of Temperature-Dependent Blood Viscosity on Low-Density Lipoprotein Transport: Numerical Study
Authors: Piemjaiswang R , Ding Y , Feng Y , Chalermsinsuwan B
Published: March 2021

The blood viscosity is correlated with the risk of developing atherosclerotic lesions. The environmental factor can play an important role in altering hemodynamics and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) especially the ambient temperature. The greenhouse gas emission from energy or power production can increase the ambient temperature. This study investigated the effect of temperature-dependent blood viscosity on the LDL transport within the axisymmetric artery with a 40% stenosis blockage via computational fluid dynamics simulation. The results showed that the changing of blood viscosity inducing the change in pressure drop. The penetration locations of the LDL were also shifted which increased the risk of having LDL penetrating into the arterial wall. In addition, the outcome will contribute to the initial development of atherosclerosis modelling.
Fuzzy Logic and Simple Additive Weighting Implementation on River Flow Controlling System
Authors: Hannats Hanafi Ichsan Mochammad , Edo Prasetya Adven
Published: March 2021

Floods are natural disasters that are very difficult to predict and come from a variety of factors. One of the causes of flooding is an increase in the amount of water discharge. The water discharge comes from various sources, among which the most is high water in rivers and high rainfall. While the river is a system of water that flows from upstream to highlands to downstream in the lowlands with a very long and has branched routes. Fuzzy logic is logic that can overcome ambiguous matters, in this case, rainfall and water discharge. In river branching, river opening and closing systems are needed to prevent rain, so the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) algorithm is used. In this research prototyping was carried out to implement Fuzzy Logic and SAW for sluice control, using the Water Level Sensor and the Rain Sensor Module to control the Servo Motor. Servo Motor is used to control the opening and height of sluice openings. This study as a whole system has an error of 0.099% so that the prototype system can be categorized quite well and can be applied for further research.
Modeling the Shape of the Roll Contact Curves in Two-Roll Modules
Authors: Khurramov Sh.R. , Abdukarimov A. , Khalturaev F.S. , Kurbanova F.Z.
Published: March 2021

The study is devoted to mathematical modeling of the shape of the roll contact curves in two-roll modules. A two-roll module is considered, in which the rolls are positioned relative to the vertical with a tilt to the right, have unequal diameters and elastic coatings from the materials of different stiffness and friction coefficients, the material layer is fed with a tilt downward relative to the center line. The equations of the curves of roll contact in the considered two-roll module are derived. It is revealed that the obtained models are general in the sense that they are applicable for particular cases of interaction in a two-roll module.
A Strict Total Order and Derived Distance Function for Multivariate Finite Data Based on Data-derived Analytical Meshes
Authors: Chen Ray-Ming
Published: March 2021

In this article, we show a way to linearize a set of finite multivariate data set. Such linearization utilizes analytical meshes, which are defined based on a given data, and associated forward walking paths related to the defined meshes. It further yields a strict linear ordering and a simple distance function via such walking paths and lengths for the given data set. This strict linear ordering and distance function could be applied in grouping the data set with respect to some optimal criteria.
How Does Teacher Continues Professional Development Practices Help Teachers To Become Competent? Validating Models: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Ramanan Banu , Mohamad Mua’azam Bin
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to validate the instrument of teacher continuous professional development practices (TCPD) and teacher competence to become a quality educator. The instruments were divided into five main dimensions for TCPD and seven dimensions for teacher competence use confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The study utilized a cross-sectional design involving 383 primary and secondary school teachers selected through stratified random sampling from eastern coastal states in Malaysia. The instrument for this study used a seven-point Likert scale. The hypothesis was tested with a measurement model using IBM SPSS SEM-AMOS version 24.0. Items identified as having low factor loadings were dropped. This finding indicates that the final measurement model is compatible with the data obtained. This model meets the requirements of reliability and constructs validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity. In conclusion, this measurement model could measure the degree of TCPD and the competency level of teachers in order to become a quality educator. The findings of this study have implications for the importance of professional development as ongoing growth which plays a crucial role in student turn over.
The Competency of Science Teachers in Integrating Higher Order Thinking Skills in Teaching and Learning
Authors: Ab Halim A S , Osman K , Aziz M S A Mohd , Ibrahim M F , Ahmad A A K
Published: March 2021

The performance of an individual will increase if he has all the competencies required to carry out his duties and responsibilities. This survey study was conducted to identify the competency of science teachers in integrating Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in teaching and learning. The competency of science teachers is seen in three aspects based on the Iceberg Model which are knowledge, skills and attitude. 39 science teachers from 27 secondary schools in Besut district have responded to the questionnaire instrument disseminated in this study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the frequency and percentage of respondent profiles involved. Descriptive statistics were also used to obtain mean and standard deviation to determine the competency level of respondents in HOTS. Analysis shows the level of competency of science teachers in terms of knowledge and attitude is high. The skills aspect shows a moderate level. The study suggested that science teachers did not explore various strategies and approaches in implementing HOTS. The high level of knowledge and attitudes should be manifested through teaching and learning that combines different approaches, questions with various cognitive level and activities that challenge the students’ thinking. This study provides a room for improvement for science teachers in enhancing the quality of teaching and learning and nurturing HOTS in students.
Influence of trust in information system: Understanding user’s satisfaction of e-campus usage
Authors: Razak Fahmi Zaidi Abdul , Mohktar Ahmad Effat , Rahman Asmadi Abdul , Abidin Mohd Zawavi Zainal
Published: March 2021

Online teaching aids are becoming prevalent among higher-learning institutions. It requires a significant amount of investment, however, and if users do not use it, the investment would not benefit and would be deemed a failure. The objective of our research has been to test the role of trust in predicting continuance intention to use e-campus. Data were collected from 500 undergraduate and postgraduate students from private university in Kuantan Malaysia using a validated set of questionnaire. Simple linear regression statistics has been performed to answer the research question. The results show that trust was positively related to the continued intention to use e-campus, which explained a total variance of 53%. Implications from these results are further discussed.
Design of a Hybrid WDMA-Optical-CDMA over Multi-Mode Fiber Transmission System based on LG Modes for Short Haul-Local Area Network
Authors: Ghazi Alaan , Aljunid S.A. , Idrus Syed Zulkarnain Syed , Fareed Alaa , Al-dawoodi Aras , Mohsin Aram Hewa
Published: March 2021

Various optical communication technologies use Optical-Code Division Multiple Access (Optical-CDMA) as a channel access technique, which allows transmission of different users simultaneously over the optical communication channel. Therefore, Optical-CDMA permits free undue interference transmission of several users. Whereas Wavelength-division multiple access (WDMA) is a technique that can be implemented on how the optical channel can be divided into subchannels. This paper proposes a Hybrid WDMA-Optical-CDMA over multi-mode fiber (MMF) transmission system for short haul-local area network. The WDMA system is carried out by using four Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes that operate over four main wavelengths (1551 nm, 1550 nm, 1549 nm and 1548 nm). Additionally, the Optical-CDMA system is carried out by using one dimension Zero Cross-Correlation (ZCC) code to overcome multiple access interference (MAI) between the four ZCC codes. The performance of our system is evaluated based on eye diagrams, Q-Factor and bit-error rates (BER) measurements.
Home-Based Online Multisensory Arm Rehabilitation Monitoring System
Authors: Shaaf Zakarya Farea , Jamil Muhammad Mahadi Abdul , Alduais Nayef.A.M. , Wahab Mohd Helmy Abd , Ambar Radzi , Ismail Muhammad Yusof , Idrus Syed Zulkarnain Syed
Published: March 2021

Arm rehabilitation activities need to be monitored continuously in terms of analysis by experts within sufficient information to discover arm dysfunction and disorders such as stroke early. Although there are numerous previous researches about the home-based rehabilitation procedures and arm performance, some drawbacks still exist. For example, current rehabilitation devices are too complicated and required supervision by qualified therapists rather than their high prices. Moreover, data from these devices take much time to be sent to doctors for monitoring purpose. Therefore, this paper proposes a home-based online multisensory arm rehabilitation monitoring system. This system is designed through three main stages which are data acquisition, data processing, and data logging respectively. Data acquisition is by three different types of sensors; flex sensor (for arm’s bending), force-sensitive resistors (for hand fingers’ forces) and accelerometer (for arm movement directions). In data processing, Arduino Mega Controller and ESP Wi-Fi shield are used to design Internet of Things (IoT) web-based system (ThingSpeak) for data logging that allows doctors to diagnose stroke recovery and give feedbacks for patients. Overall, this project showed a robust system for arm rehabilitation using portable, user-friendly, and low power consumption devices at a low cost.
Predicting continuance intention toward e-campus usage: Does satisfaction play a role?
Authors: Razak Fahmi Zaidi Abdul , Mokhtar Ahmad Effat , Rahman Asmadi Abdul , Abidin Mohd Zawavi Zainal
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research is to explore the role of satisfaction on user continuance intention to use e-campus. Using a validated questionnaire derived from the previous literature, data was collected from 315 undergraduate and post graduate students from private higher learning institution in Malaysia. Empirically, this study confirms the relationship between satisfactions on user continuance intention to use e-campus. Implication for system providers is further discussed.
Implementation of Self-Directed Learning in Enhancing Skills Dedicated to The Community College Teaching Staff
Authors: Mohamad M M , Ahmad A , Yee M H , Tee T K , Nasir A N Mohd
Published: March 2021

Self-directed learning is a type used in the teaching force that requires high knowledge during the teaching and learning process. Self-learning requires educators to constantly improve their skills to prepare before teaching and learning. The purpose of this study is to learn self-study in Community College students. This study utilized a survey method which employed 169 Community College lecturers in Johor using questionnaire form. Overall, the results show a high percentage of strategies for drunkenness and self-directed learning. Therefore, this study found that there are several strategies for self-directed learning implemented by Johor Community College. These strategies have the advantage and potential in enhancing the existing skills of the teaching staff. Next, the highest implementation is carried out in open discussion. Open discussion can generate new ideas in the teaching force. Therefore, this information can assist lecturers in learning self-directed learning for their students.
Investigating the linkage between service quality and satisfaction in context of student management system: An evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Razak Fahmi Zaidi Abdul , Mokhtar Ahmad Effat , Rahman Asmadi Abdul , Abidin Mohd Zawavi Zainal
Published: March 2021

With the rapid growth of information system technology, even more individual access, create, and exchange information online with others. Even though IT technology has been used extensively but there are still individuals who do not fully use it. This research attempts to explore the role of service quality on e-campus usage satisfaction. Data were collected from 500 undergraduate and postgraduate students from private university in Kuantan, Malaysia using a validated set of questionnaire. A series of simple linear regression has been performed to answer the research question. In this study, service quality is shown to have a direct effect on e-campus usage satisfaction. Managerial implications of this finding were then further discussed.
Acceptance level of e-campus among students at private institutions in Malaysia
Authors: Razak Fahmi Zaidi Abdul , Rahman Abdul Asmadi , Effat Ahmad , Mokhtar b. , Abidin Mohd Zawavi Zainal
Published: March 2021

The use of information technology will not only be used by business entities for profit, but also by higher learning institutions. A lot of money has been spent by the government to provide IT facilities. However, there are still users who do not make full use of the technologies available. This is going to make the government suffer losses. Accordingly, this research will explore the acceptance of e-campus technology among university students. The analysis would use a quantitative approach to address the research questions. The results indicate that the level of e-campus usage is high. Managerial implications for this study are discussed.
Detection of Asphalt Pavement Cracks using mobile 2D laser scanning system: A case study of UTM 30LX laser scanner
Authors: Tran Viet Quoc , To Phuong Anh Thi , Huynh Thi Ngoc , Phan Anh Thu Thi
Published: March 2021

For road construction, cracking is the main factor affecting pavement damage, which can decrease the quality of pavement and seriously affect transportation. To ensure the quality of the road surface for safety transportation, it needs to check the status of the road surface periodically. Structural health monitoring solutions, such as strain gauges and fiber optics systems, have been proposed for the monitoring of such cracks. However, expensive devices prevent these solutions being deployed. In this study, a low-cost 2D laser scanner, HOKUYO UTM 30LX, is used to detect the cracks on asphalt pavement. The point-clouds are created aligned and merged. Then, the normal vectors of all points are computed. From this result, the dip angle is generated. Thanks to the difference of dip angle, the crack and its affected area can be detected directly from the point cloud. This study confirms the ability of using a 2D laser scanner for detecting asphalt pavement cracks. It is expected that all information of the crack can be extracted and analyzed automatically by applying an image processing algorithm in the near future.