bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influences of Vitamin D and B12 in Infectious Diseases and Microbes: A Technical Review
Authors: Grimm Jase
Published: September 2021

A diet rich in vitamin D. Bacteria, antibiotics, and metabolism Vitamin D deficiency viral microbiomes Gut Microbiome and Vitamin D. B vitamin deficiency results from malabsorption. SIF complex indirectly enhances B12 absorption. This complex gives the ileum vitamin B12. Anti-infective properties of B12 and D. B12 and D seem to slow Lachnospiraceae growth. P-cresol, butyrate, propionate Lachnospira is linked to low B12 and D levels. Debatable value. Processed foods do. B12 and D stop Blautia growth. IBD B12 deficiency IBD vitamin D Lactobacillus was infrequent, whereas E. coli was common. This present study revealed that IPA, an antioxidant, has been associated with diabetes and Alzheimer's. IPA beats melatonin. It doesn't appear to stop Alzheimer's or diabetes. Flavonoids and neuroprotective viruses D and B12 metabolism may involve Blautia. Deficiency of B12 and D in Crohn's. It reduced butyrate production. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and immunological maturation may be cured by these nutrients.
Participación de las víctimas en la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) ¿Verdadera participación?
Authors:   Universidad Libre, Fandiño Bohórquez Andrés
Published: September 2021

A dos años del Acuerdo Colón (24 de noviembre de 2016), la incertidumbre y las esperanzas afloran en materia de implementación del Acuerdo suscrito entre el gobierno colombiano y el exgrupo guerrillero FARC. No es para menos, la lectura de vaso medio lleno o medio vacío no se hace esperar. Más de cuatro complejos años de negociación para la construcción de un documento histórico, leído de forma positiva por la Comunidad Internacional y los expertos en terminación de conflictos en el mundo, pero seriamente cuestionado en el marco interno por aquellos que aún veían en la guerra una opción para Colombia. Entre otras consecuencias, fruto de la firma del Acuerdo, hoy podemos destacar: el fin de la guerra, la entrega de armas, el cierre de la “fábrica de víctimas”, la construcción de proyectos de vida de los viejos excombatientes, la reconstrucción de territorios y las esperanzas de millones de víctimas y de colombianos en la creación de las condiciones del “nunca jamás”. Y aunque han surgido muchas limitaciones a la hora de implementar la tamaña empresa de la paz, el solo Acuerdo y el fin de la guerra ya son un triunfo. Un triunfo que aún huele a pólvora, lágrimas y abandono del Estado y de una sociedad que se enamora gradualmente de la paz. Es evidente que la consolidación de este proceso y el cumplimiento de lo pactado apenas avanza en un país que construye de forma lenta una nueva historia política desligada de la violencia y las armas. Qué difícil vernos sin armas, sin guerra, sin conflicto armado. De la noche a la mañana desnudos, “sin fierros”, sin enemigos eternos, sin “terroristas”, sin emboscadas, sin muertos, sin motivos para continuar matándonos. El Acuerdo Colón, aunque seriamente intervenido a partir del triunfo del “No” en las urnas, constituye además de una gran hoja de ruta, un modelo a seguir en materia de transición. Es un documento único, es un proceso histórico, es una de las mejores noticias del siglo XXI para Colombia, la historia le dará su digno lugar. Es el reflejo de una exguerrilla cuyo origen campesino y liberal cifró en la tierra y el campo parte de sus originales reivindicaciones, lastimosamente afectadas por el mundo del narcotráfico en los años 80 y la pauperización de sus ideales políticos. También el Acuerdo es el fiel ejemplo de la intervención de las víctimas en la construcción de una nueva historia. Es un documento escrito a mil manos, millones de espíritus, millones de esperanzas. Así, leer el Acuerdo de Paz es observar la historia de Colombia y de su conflicto armado con esta antiquísima guerrilla: tierra, reforma rural integral, participación polí
La educación para la salud como recurso para afrontar la COVID-19
Authors: Vizoso-Gómez Carmen
Published: September 2021

La educación para la salud se presenta como un recurso para la promoción de habitos de conducta que permiten resolver los problemas de salud, desarrollar el bienestar y prevenir la aparición y el contagio de enfermedades. Por su parte, la alfabetización en salud implica tanto la habilidad para entender cuestiones relacionadas con la salud como la motivación para actuar de forma consciente y responsable en beneficio de la salud propia y la colectiva. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar diversas iniciativas de educación para la salud en las que se trata de enseñar a afrontar la situación actual provocada por la COVID-19 a personas de diferentes edades. Para ello, se ha empleado una metodología exploratoria, descriptiva y explicativa. Los resultados de los estudios analizados permiten extraer algunas orientaciones para planificar estrategias de promoción de la salud. Se concluye que se deben realizar campañas de alfabetización en salud, utilizando diversos medios de comunicación, para informar y motivar a toda la población sobre la importancia de adoptar comportamientos para la prevención del contagio de la COVID-19 y de mantener hábitos de vida saludables.
Frequency Response Analysis Technique of Short Circuit Faults Detection in Photovoltaic Single-Phase Inverter Experimental Study
Authors: Ghania Ouadfel , Hamza Houassine , Abderzak Gacemi , Samir Bensaid
Published: September 2021

The work proposed in this paper concerns the study of short circuit faults in a single-phase inverter dedicated to a photovoltaic application by applying the frequency response analysis (FRA) technique on this IGBT-based inverter controlled by a 18F2550 microcontroller, a prototype inverter was designed in the laboratory to be able to apply off-line short-circuit faults using an LRC meter. The FRA technique is based on the comparison of amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency signatures of healthy cases and fault situations. The experimental results also led to the conclusion that frequency response analysis can be used as an effective tool to detect faults in power electronic devices. This method allows for efficient detection and classification of faults with ease of implementation. For fault location, the fault branch is determined according to its position relative to its healthy state.
Актуальные проблемы процессуальной и криминалистической сущности специалиста в расследовании преступлений в сфере незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ
Authors: Богинич А.А.
Published: September 2021

Данная работа посвящена изучению статуса специалиста как с процессуальной, так и с криминалистической точки зрения. На рассмотрение выносятся вопросы о полноте законодательного определения понятия «специалист», о толковании некоторых его полномочий. Анализу подлежит такая процессуальная фигура, как следователь- криминалист. Внимание автора уделено проблеме отсутствия в законодательстве требований к уровню профессиональной подготовки специалиста.
Государственно-правовое регулирование в сфере противодействия коррупции
Authors: Вилкова А.В. , Ковалев О.Г. , Гапонов А.Ю.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы государственно-правового регулирования в сфере противодействия коррупции при исполнении наказаний.
Роль Прокуратуры СССР в деятельности Нюрнбергского трибунала
Authors: Куренков А.А.
Published: September 2021

Целью исследования является выявить и объяснить закономерности проведения Нюрнбергского процесса, особенности участия в данном процессе прокуратуры СССР и уроков первого масштабного международного судебного процесса. Научная новизна исследования заключается в том, что автором представлены задачи прокуратуры СССР в Нюрнбергском процессе, статус прокуратуры СССР в данном процессе; продемонстрированы особенности проведения Нюрнбергского процесса с учетом принципов уголовного права, его содержание, продолжительность и вынесение приговоров; сделан вывод, что данный процесс стал толчком для развития международного права в целом; показана роль различных источников права и принципов уголовного права в Нюрнбергском процессе. Совокупность полученных в работе результатов представляют собой теоретическое обоснование необходимости совершенствования и укрепления международного мира и безопасности, развития сотрудничества между государствами, а также соблюдения законного, обоснованного и справедливого наказания за военные преступления.
Сущность и предмет прокурорского надзора за исполнением законов о разрешительной системе. Проблемы их определения в Республике Крым
Authors: Могорычев А.М.
Published: September 2021

В данной работе автором определены проблемные аспекты при установлении предмета прокурорского надзора за исполнением законов о разрешительной системе. Делается вывод о том, что предмет прокурорского надзора за исполнением законов, сформулированный в ст. 21 ФЗ «О прокуратуре РФ», определен не точно, что приводит к расширительному толкованию данной нормы прокурорами, необоснованному превышению прокурорами предоставленных полномочий. В связи с отмеченным автором делается вывод о необходимости внесения изменений в действующее законодательство, определив на уровне федерального законодательства исчерпывающий список нормативных источников, составляющих предмет прокурорского надзора за исполнением законов о разрешительной системе, расположив их в порядке убывания юридической силы.
Функционирование законодательства в сфере банковского дела
Authors: Шестакова А.С.
Published: September 2021

В статье раскрыты понятия банка, банковских организаций и банковской деятельности, рассмотрены способы регулирования банковской деятельности в Российской Федерации. Проанализированы нормативные правовые документы, регулирующие банковскую деятельность, а также проведѐн анализ современной ситуации в сфере банковского дела.
Влияние этнокультурных традиций на духовно-нравственное воспитание детей
Authors: Попова С.В.
Published: September 2021

Целью духовно-нравственного развития и воспитания обучающихся является социально-педагогическая поддержка становления и развития высоконравственного, творческого, компетентного гражданина России, принимающего судьбу Отечества как свою личную, осознающего ответственность за настоящее и будущее своей страны, укоренѐнного в духовных и культурных традициях нашей многонациональной страны.
А.С. Посников как педагог и как организатор высшего образования в Новороссийском университете
Authors: Лукичѐв П.М.
Published: September 2021

В статье проанализирована роль выдающегося русского экономиста А.С. Посникова как педагога и как организатора образования в Новороссийском университете. Автор раскрывает противоречивость развития высшей школы России 1870-1880 -х годов.
Риск развития алкогольной зависимости в молодежной среде
Authors: Калабина Т.Н. , Калабин В.И.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются некоторые вопросы осведомленности молодежи о социальном значении и последствиях употребления спиртных напитков. Приводятся данные о степени распространенности употребления подростками алкогольных напитков. Актуальность выбранной темы обусловлена тем, что проблема распространения антивитальных привычек в молодѐжной среде на протяжении многих лет является чрезвычайно важной для современного общества.
Современные технологии обучения иностранному языку в профессиональном образовании
Authors: Полякова М.Д.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме оптимизации учебного процесса, повышения эффективности обучения иностранному языку, применению современных технологий и методик обучения в профессиональном образовании. Определяется понятие технологии обучения, приводятся показатели еѐ эффективности. Приводятся факторы и условия, влияющие на эффективную организацию образовательного процесса, интенсификацию обучения и формирование необходимых компетенций.
Факторы, влияющие на энергоэффективность эксплуатации холодильных камер
Authors: Корниенко В.Н. , Николаев Н.С. , Пранцуз О.С. , Донецких А.Г.
Published: September 2021

Энергосбережение и повышение энергоэффективности при эксплуатации холодильных камер являются ключевыми задачами в решении проблемы рационального использования энергоресурсов холодильным хозяйством агропромышленного комплекса. В работе рассмотрены основные факторы, влияющие на потери холода в камерах холодильной обработки и хранения пищевых продуктов.
Вертикальное озеленение как эффективный способ шумозащиты и повышения энергоэффективности ограждающих конструкций
Authors: Братошевская В.В. , Мирсоянов Р.В.
Published: September 2021

Исследованы вопросы вертикального озеленения ограждающих конструкций зданий как способ защиты от шумового воздействия и повышения энергоэффективности зданий на урбанизированных территориях. Приводится анализ воздействия шума как фактора экологического риска и негативного воздействия на здоровье человека.
Диалектика закономерностей и творчества в социальном управлении
Authors: Кулешов В.Е.
Published: September 2021

Социальное управление в отличие от управления техническими объектами кроме знания объективных закономерностей процесса требует творческого подхода, так как любой социум является не только предельно сложным, но и постоянно изменяющим свои характеристики, без учета которых невозможна результативная управленческая деятельность. Наработанные практикой закономерности и принципы управления в каждой конкретной ситуации накладываются на множество уникальных факторов, что требует от руководителя нестандартных решений.
Перспективы развития полигонов твердых коммунальных отходов, как предприятий отходоперерабатывающей индустрии России производящих полезную продукцию
Authors: Донченко В.К. , Хильченко Г.В.
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены результаты исследований по оценке эколого-экономической эффективности использования вторичного сырья, полученного на полигонах твердых коммунальных отходов для производства и реализации товарной продукции с участием организаций малого и среднего бизнеса. Дана оценка эколого-экономической эффективности развития экотехнопарков с использованием энергетических ресурсов полигонов твердых коммунальных отходов. ввести индекс эколого-экономической эффективности деятельности полигонов твердых коммунальных отходов.
Финансирование туристско-рекреационного сектора Краснодарского края
Authors: Дробышевская Л.Н. , Лактионова Т.В.
Published: September 2021

В данной статье исследована динамика развития туристско- рекреационного сектора Краснодарского края. Проведѐн анализ налоговых поступлений в краевой консолидированный бюджет от санаторно-курортных и туристических организаций, выделены направления развития инструментария финансирования. Автор статьи показывает динамику инвестиционных вложений, направленных в туристско - рекреационный сектор Краснодарского края. Выявлены ключевые принципы, позволяющие повысить уровень эффективности функционирование санаторно - курортного и туристского комплекса Краснодарского края. Дана оценка инвестиционного сектора Краснодарского края, а также продемонстрированы примеры эффективного практического осуществления инвестиционных проектов и программ за период 2018-2020 гг.
Explosions, Burn Injuries and Adverse Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Regulations and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ahmed Ayesha Rahman , Etchey Beverly , Ahmed Mahiba
Published: September 2021

Purpose: While there is a declining trend in the use of traditional methods of smoking tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have gained popularity worldwide. ENDS are marketed as safe for the primary reason that they do not contain the well-established toxic ingredients found in traditional cigarettes. However, growing concerns over incidences of fire and explosion with specific types of ENDS, as well as their short and long-term effects, remain unaddressed. This review examines the under studied role of customized components such as batteries, e-liquid compositions, and methods of nicotine delivery that result in physical injuries and adverse health effects of ENDS. Methods: Using online reference databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline other, Google scholar, FDA website, FDA register), we analyzed the mechanisms through which ENDS may pose significant risk to human health. Results: An increase in the use and popularity of ENDS has been observed among youth and adults in the United States since 2007. The ENDS devices available to the public allow for custom alterations which can introduce incompatible components, resulting in overheating and explosion related injuries. Heavy metals have been found to leach from some devices into the e-liquid, and the heating of e-liquid ingredients can produce toxic byproducts. Conclusions: Overall, the current literature demonstrates that ENDS are not a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes due to explosion risks and negative health effects including addiction, adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects, heavy metal leaching, and toxic byproducts exposure. These risks warrant regulation of ENDS devices and formulations, with urgency underscored by their increasing popularity among youth and adults.
An Empirical Study of the Impact of Metro Station Proximity on Property Value in The Case of Nanjing, China
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Jiang Yanqing
Published: September 2021

This paper analyzes the impact of metro station proximity on property value from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Data on second-hand apartments within six kilometers of metro line 1 and 2 stations in Nanjing are used. Our empirical results show that metro station proximity has a positive partial effect on property value. The degree of impact diminishes with the increase of the distance. The extent of impact reaches the largest when the distance is less than five hundred meters, and is still remarkable when the distance is within two kilometers. The effect becomes insignificant when the distance is larger than two kilometers. Our empirical results also show that with the distance increasing, the extent of price variation is widened first, reaching a peak when the property is within one kilometer, and then decreases. In addition, metro station proximity in suburban areas is shown to have a higher positive impact on property value compared with metro station proximity in urban areas.
Technology Resources for Teaching Secondary Mathematics: Lessons from Early and Late Adopters of Technology in Kenya
Authors: Kamau Leonard M. , Mwania Jonathan , Njue Antony K.
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the extent to which access to technology resources influenced their adoption by mathematics teachers in their teaching. The study conducted in Nairobi County in the summer of 2013 applied Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory. Participants were categorized either as early or later adopters of technology based on availability of technology or whether or not they had adopted technology for instructional purposes at their schools. Six teachers were selected; three in each category for interviews and classroom observations. The findings revealed that early adoption of technology was associated with the teachers (early adopters) belief that technology would benefit them and their students. Late adopters on their part tended to believe that technology was not compatible with their instructional needs. Interestingly, both categories of adopters agreed that technology was complex to use for instructional purposes pointing towards lack of adequate training. Similarly, both groups considered computer department in their schools a hindrance to technology adoption. Findings also highlighted the scarcity of technology resources which impacted negatively on the process of adoption. These findings suggest that teachers be trained adequately and role of the computer department as the custodian of technology at schools be liberalized. Additionally, stakeholders are advised to consider installing technology resources in classes to encourage their use rather than locking them in laboratories.
Students’ Attitudes towards Written Error Corrections: A Study in an Omani EFL Context
Authors: Nouraey Peyman , Behjat Fatemeh
Published: September 2021

Knowing errors and their sources often aids teachers in error correction processes. The present study aimed at investigating how the students of General Foundation Program (GFP) in Oman tend to deal with written error corrections and the related feedback provided to them. It is also an attempt to examine students’ attitudes and preferences towards the feedback on their written errors. In doing so, sixty undergraduate students were selected as participants of the study. A questionnaire was distributed among the participants, containing information on a) when the students would prefer to receive the feedback on their written errors, b) who they would prefer to give the feedback, and c) what type of feedback they would prefer to receive. Findings revealed that the participants would mostly prefer to receive feedback on their written errors during the revising stage. In addition, it was highlighted that feedback provided by the teachers was more popular among the participants as compared to peer or self-corrections. Finally, results indicated that most of the students would prefer to receive feedback on all of their written errors, rather than some or none of the errors.
Improving Energy Conservation Using Six Sigma Methodology at Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences (FSKM), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah Alam
Authors: Razali Nur Hidayah binti  Mohd , Afthanorhan Wan Mohamad Asyraf  Bin Wan
Published: September 2021

Electrical consumption is increasing rapidly in Malaysia due to the sustenance of a modern economy way of living. Recently, the Vice Chancellor of University Technology MARA, Tan Sri Dato’ Professor Ir Dr Sahol Hamid Abu Bakar has shown a great deal of concern regarding the high electrical energy consumption in UiTM’s main campus in Shah Alam. This study seeks to evaluate the factors that contribute to high electrical energy consumption in the Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences (FSKM), UiTM using the Six Sigma methodology and to compare electrical energy consumptions before and after the EC (Energy Conservation) initiative campaign. Many companies worldwide continue to achieve improvements in business performance using the Six Sigma approach. The electrical consumption from January 2011 until December 2013 was analyzed using five stages of Six Sigma which is Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC). The total electrical consumption for 2011 was 1, 648, 791 kwH (RM 514,422.79) and 1, 657, 808 kwH (RM 517, 236.10) in 2012 which is an increase of 0.5% (RM 2813.31 or 9017 kwH). From the results obtained, Pareto chart shows that air-conditioner (57%) is the major factor that contributes to high consumption of electricity, followed by lightings (22%), sockets (16%) and others (5%). The electrical consumption was almost doubled when the new semester begun. After the campaign, there was a reduction of 2% in electrical consumption. This study has successfully implemented Six Sigma methodology which involves a systematic DMAIC process to evaluate electrical consumption in FSKM.
Estimating the Relative Impacts of Health and Education on Economic Development in Southern Africa
Authors: Ganyaupfu Elvis  Munyaradzi
Published: September 2021

This paper analysed the relative impacts of health and education on economic development in Southern Africa. A set of cross country panel data from 11 countries over the period 2005 - 2011 was used in the study. The econometric procedure adopted in the analysis followed the Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian Multiplier test and Hausman test techniques. Based on the Fixed Effects (FE) model, results show that health and education have significant positive effects on economic development; with health having a more remarkable effect on development in the region. The R-squared statistic indicates that nearly 21.79 percent total variation in economic development was accounted for by health and education during the period under review. The F(2,64) statistic (=15.45; p < 0.05) reveals significance of the model; while the interclass correlation value shows that nearly 99.53 percent of the variance was due to differences across panels.
Coping With Informality and Illegality: The Case of Street Entrepreneurs of Harare Metropolitan, Zimbabwe
Authors: Njaya Tavonga
Published: September 2021

The study sought to examine how street vendors were coping with informality and illegality in metropolitan Harare. Data collection techniques included in-depth personal interviews, direct observations and documentary reviews. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic and technical data pertaining to street vending and the resistance strategies adopted by the vendors. The study showed that despite numerous constraints placed on various groups of street traders, these groups had actually developed survival and resistance strategies that enabled them to maintain their livelihoods from public urban space. These strategies included “soft” forms of resistance; small-scale individual and group actions; subtle and innovative arrangements and even open protest and direct confrontation with the authorities. This was because for many street vendors, the street provided them with an honourable and respectable means of livelihoods. The study recommended that the government should recognise street industry through registration and introduction of a code of practice for street vendors. Over time a legal instrument should be introduced to regulate the operations of street traders. However, as a first step towards recognition, street vendors should constitute themselves into well organised associations that could become a forum of negotiations with the City of Harare. Future research should focus on quantifying the number of street vendors in Harare and their economic benefits.
What is the Influence of the Global Economic Crisis on the Development of the Wage Distribution of Czechs and Slovaks?
Authors: Bílková Diana
Published: September 2021

This paper deals with the development of wage distribution by gender in the Czech and Slovak Republics in the years 2005–2012. Special attention is given to the changing in the behavior of the wage distribution in relation to the onset of the global economic recession. The different behavior of the wage distribution of Czech and Slovak employees during the period is the subject of research. The article discusses the differences in wage level between men and women in the Czech and Slovak Republics. There are the total wage distributions of men and women together, both in the Czech Republic and in the Slovak Republic on the one hand, and wage distributions according to the gender separately for men and for women on the other hand. Comparison of wage levels in the world and the position of wages of the Czech employees in the international context is included, too.
Linking Unemployment to Inflation and Economic Growth: Toward A Better Understanding of Unemployment in the Philippines
Authors: Resurreccion Pamela F
Published: September 2021

Unemployment is among the major problems not only in less developed and developing countries but in developed countries as well. It spells out the extent of poverty a household will have to sustain. Strongly influenced by the premises of the Okun’s Law and Phillips Curve, this study sought to determine the link between unemployment and inflation and economic growth. An additional explanatory variable, age dependency ratio, was introduced to investigate this facet of unemployment which is based on the premise that a high age dependency ratio would result to lower unemployment. Unit root tests were employed to the data series prior to testing the hypothesized relationships which employed ordinary least squares (OLS) regression technique. Tests for heteroskedasticity and collinearity were done using White’s test and VIF, respectively. It was found that unemployment is negatively related to inflation and economic growth, confirming Okun’s Law and Philips Curve in the Philippines for the period covering 1980 to 2009. Moreover, age dependency ratio was found to be positively related with unemployment albeit, the relationship is not significant. The coefficient of determination obtained for the model was 72.7% hence overall, the regression line relatively describes the data well.
Oil Price, Budget Deficit, Money Supply and Inflation in WAEMU Countries
Authors: Hervé DRAMA Bedi Guy , Ange-Patrick Yao Kouadio
Published: September 2021

The main target of this paper is to explore both in short and long run the effects of world oil price, budget deficit and money growth on inflation in West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) running the period of 1990 to 2016. In that end, we utilized the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) and the granger causality test. The empirical investigation indicates strong evidence of long run relationship among variables in all countries covered by the study except Togo. Oil price and inflation are positively linked in a very large majority of the member countries. There is positive and significant relationship between budget deficit and price level in Burkina Faso and Niger. In addition, our empirical work supports strong evidence that monetary expansion is positively linked with price level in Burkina Faso, Mali and Togo. In short run, the Granger causality demonstrated that budget deficit doesn’t cause money growth in WAEMU countries. It should be mentioned that the oil price has not an impact on inflation in all countries at short term. So, the main finding of this study is that oil price drives up inflation in the WAEMU zone in long term, but not in short time. As policy implication, the study suggests, among others, some improvements in growth policy, trade policy, general tax policy, raw material production, fuel efficiency and diversity.
Socioeconomic Stability and Variability in Stock Market Prices: A Case Study of Karachi Stock Exchange
Authors: Ali Rafaqat , Khan Rana Ejaz Ali
Published: September 2021

The study attempted to identify the factors that responsible for variability in stock market prices in Karachi Stock Exchange particularly focusing on socioeconomic stability in the country. The socioeconomic stability is measured by an index including social, economic and political dimensions of stability. Annual time series data for the years 1973-2012 is utilized, and Phillips & Perron (PP) test is employed for stationarity. Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity and Generalized Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH/GARCH) technique are used for volatility in stock market prices. For the structural breaks, Chow test is applied. Finally, the study utilized the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to estimate the long-run and short-run dynamic relationship. The results indicate that inflation, exchange rate, and foreign direct investment positively influence the stock price volatility. Socioeconomic stability negatively affects the volatility in stock market prices in both short-run and long-run. The country should improve socioeconomic stability by attaining economic, social and political standards in the country.
Evaluation of the Effect of Physical Activity on Sleep Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women in the Postmenoposal Period in Turkey
Authors: KARAHAN Gülcan , SUVAK Özlem , GÖRPELİOĞLU Süleyman
Published: September 2021

Objective: Menopause is a period of life in which women are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and sleep problems. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on CVR and sleep quality in women in this period.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 342 postmenopausal women (PMW) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria who applied to the outpatient clinic between August and December 2018 at Health Sciences University Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital. Women were given sociodemographic data form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form(IPAQ-SF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) , calculated CVR estimation with Framingham formulation. The data were evaluated with SPSS 23 program.
Results: In our study the mean age of women was 60.77 ± 9.2 years. The rate of patients with a 10-year CVR was 66.1%. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) scorewas 9.05 ± 4.33 and the rate of good sleep quality (PSQI ≤5) was 24.6%. Physical activity (PA) level was found to be 848.68 ± 1213.08 MET-min /week. It was observed that the state of being physically inactive was associated with the presence of a diagnosis of hypertension (p = 0.026). It was observed that those with severe PA levels in women had low body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.035), and increased CVD as the BMI and daytime dysfunction increased. Cardiovascular risk (CVR), sleep quality score and subparameters did not change according to physical activity. While there was a significant difference between the severity of PA level and Framingham risk score (FRS) (p = 0.032), those with high PA levels had the lowest FRS. Sleep quality and subparameters did not change according to PA level. In the presence of obesity, CVR, habitual sleep afficiency and sleep disorder component scores were shown to increase.
Conclusion: From the pre-menopausal period, women should be directed to perform appropriate PA to reduce obesity and prevent the onset or progression of CVD. Sleep hygiene trainings can be given to improve sleep quality in the postmenopausal period.
Zarządzanie w opiece zdrowotnej w czasie COVID-19
Authors: Dobska Monika
Published: September 2021

Monografia prezentuje przygotowanie zarówno samego systemu zarządzania w opiece zdrowotnej, jak i podmiotów do zagrożenia, jakim jest pandemia. W pracy dokonano rozpoznania i oceny polskiego systemu na tle wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej. Krytycznej ocenie poddano wpływ pandemii na politykę zdrowotną oraz działania podejmowane przez poszczególne rządy w celu łagodzenia skutków COVID-19 zwłaszcza w trakcie pierwszej fali. Próba zebrania danych statystycznych w odniesieniu do ogólnej pojemności zakładów, szacowanej zdolności intensywnej opieki do radzenia sobie ze wzrostem liczby pacjentów oraz wskazanie wydatków w zakresie dodatkowych środków przeznaczonych na służbę zdrowia w czasie pandemii to tylko przykładowe obszary objęte obserwacją statystyczną, umożliwiającą wysunięcie pierwszych wniosków. Ze względu na wielość poruszanych zagadnień i zróżnicowanie poziomu szczegółowości wywód jest prowadzony na dwóch zasadniczych poziomach – regulacji prawnych wprowadzonych w okresie pandemii i realnych problemów zarządczych w obszarze ambulatoryjnej opieki i lecznictwa zamkniętego. Wielość problemów pojawiających się na poszczególnych etapach analizy spowodowała, że pracę ograniczono jedynie do zarysowania zagadnień, ukazując konieczność zmian.
Os Impactos da Governança Corporativa e da Internacionalização no Valor de Mercado das Empresas Brasileiras: uma Aplicação da Análise dos Componentes Principais
Authors: Rosa Arthur Antonio Silva , Bastos Thalita Emanuelle Farias , Silva Brunno da , Ribeiro Kárem Cristina de Sousa
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analisar os impactos da governança corporativa e da internacionalização no valor de mercado das empresas brasileiras emissoras de American Depositary Receipt (ADR) no período de 2010 a 2018.Método: Regressão linear múltipla com dados em painel e análise dos componentes principais para definição das proxies de governança corporativas. Os dados foram coletados na plataforma Economatica® e na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM).Principais resultados: Os resultados apontam que, quanto menor a expropriação e a descentralização de poder e maior o comportamento de entrincheiramento nas organizações, maior será o seu valor de mercado. Além disso, a liquidez e a rentabilidade exercem uma influência positiva sobre o valor de mercado das empresas brasileiras, enquanto o endividamento, a volatilidade e o tamanho o afetam de forma negativa.Relevância/originalidade: As diferentes variáveis de governança corporativa foram combinadas por meio da técnica da análise de componentes principais e trabalhadas com base em alguns dos principais aspectos da governança: entrincheiramento, expropriação e centralização de poder. Isso destaca a originalidade do trabalho, bem como sua relevância para a literatura.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Análise de diferentes vertentes da governança corporativa e do impacto dessas variáveis e da internacionalização sobre o valor de mercado das firmas. Para as empresas, o estudo contribui para o entendimento de como aspectos da governança corporativa pode impactar no seu valor perante o mercado.
The Cognitive-Affective Component of the Formation of a Social Work Specialist
Authors: Balakhtar Valentyna
Published: September 2021

professional development of the social work personality. The purpose of the study is to determine the socio-psychological characteristics and the level of formation of the cognitive-affective sphere of social work specialists. According to the results of the research, there is an insufficient level of awareness and understanding of the peculiarities of the formation in the field of social work: most social work specialists understand the formation in the field of social work as a professional help to different categories of the population. Insufficient awareness of the system of indicators of formation of a specialist (professionally important qualities) has been established. The basic beliefs of specialists, the creative potential and its indicators, which turned out to be quite underdeveloped in social work specialists, are investigated. A high level of positive self-esteem was found in only about half of the subjects; less than half of those surveyed have low levels of psychological well-being, resulting in low levels of empathy.
Some Aspects Regarding Personality of Teachers who Attend Different Non-formal Continues Training Programs
Authors: Blândul Valentin Cosmin
Published: September 2021

Being an effective teacher today in Romania is one of the most noble but, at the same time, more complex professions. The beauty of teaching is given by helping children and young people acquire the knowledge they will need in life and to develop a harmonious and creative personality that will enable them to successfully integrate into the world in which they live. Therefore, attending different programs of continuous professional training is not only an obligation, but also a duty of a self-respecting professor, he respects his profession, but also his students. Forms of training and continuing vocational training providers are numerous, so that the teachers concerned have a variety of choices. That why, in the present paper, we will planning to analyze some of the opportunities Romanian teachers have to improve in their specialty and also a possible socio-professional profile of those interested in the field.
Paradigms in Modern Higher Education Development
Authors: Radchuk Halyna , Adamska Zoryana , Oliinyk Mariia , Chopyk Solomiia
Published: September 2021

The theoretical and methodological analysis of modern educational paradigms is made in the article and axiological vectors of higher education development are distinguished on this basis. Four basic educational paradigms have been identified: cognitive informational (traditional, cognitive), personal (humanistic), competence and cultural (humanitarian). It has been found that, unlike instrument-oriented learning, which provides the translation, reproduction and assimilation of knowledge, skills, technologies (cognitive informational and competence paradigms) and therefore is secondary to the processes of personality development, education should firstly be focused on becoming holistic personality, ensure his organic and unique (personal and cultural paradigms). It has been substantiated that at the theoretical level there is a sharp narrowing of the semantic field of scientific and pedagogical reflection: attention is paid to the production of the amount of knowledge, given social behavior, technologies of activity of the future specialist. Therefore, education in its humanitarian sense suffers first of all and the quality of education is often reduced to the level of acquisition of special knowledge and mastery of professional skills. It has been shown that higher education institutions are more and more inclined to a pragmatic education, training professionals, and functionaries. In this case, information overload blocks the affective-emotional sphere of the individual, prevents adequate, holistic perception of reality, actualization of creative potential. It is determined that the reform of modern education should be based on the idea of the integrity, which actualizes the problem of careful reflexive and methodological support of the modern higher education system and the development of specific humanitarian educational technologies.
Conditional Parenting and its Influence on the Child’s School Activity
Authors: Sitoiu Andreea , Panisoara Georgeta
Published: September 2021

This article addresses the topic of conditional parenting, and it focuses on analyzing the relationship between parenting and the school activity of the student at the level of primary education. Conditional parenting, which provides the child with conditional love and self-esteem, it stands out by: focusing on the child's behavior, considering that human nature is negative and parental love is a privilege that must be earned, also being the adept of punishments and rewards. Conditional love entails the parent's desire to have an obedient child, obedience being the basis of control. `How could an obedient and conditional loved child develop competencies for the future? How well will he meets the demands of today's school or how will he relate to the faculty? These are the questions that have guided the approach of the whole mixed type research, that has been carried out over a period of half a year, using the following methods: questionnaire based survey and focus group method. Through this research, conclusions were drawn regarding conditional parenting and its influence on school activity of the pupil in the primary cycle. Starting from the interpretation of the research results, it was highlighted that the relationships between children and parents based on safety and unconditional love have contributed to the harmonious development of the child and to the skills for the future, through school.
Brain injury in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: translational to clinical research
Authors: Wilcox Christopher , Choi Chun Woo , Cho Sung-Min
Published: September 2021

The addition of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), termed extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), has significantly improved survival in selected patient populations. Despite this advancement, significant neurological impairment persists in approximately half of survivors. ECPR represents a potential advancement for patients who experience refractory cardiac arrest (CA) due to a reversible etiology and do not regain spontaneous circulation. Important risk factors for acute brain injury (ABI) in ECPR include lack of perfusion, reperfusion, and altered cerebral autoregulation. The initial hypoxic-ischemic injury caused by no-flow and low-flow states after CA and during CPR is compounded by reperfusion, hyperoxia during ECMO support, and nonpulsatile blood flow. Additionally, ECPR patients are at risk for Harlequin syndrome with peripheral cannulation, which can lead to preferential perfusion of cerebral vessels with deoxygenated blood. Lastly, the oxygenator membrane is prothrombotic and requires systemic anticoagulation. The two competing phenomena result in thrombus formation, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia, increasing the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic ABI. In addition to clinical studies, we assessed available ECPR animal models to identify the mechanisms underlying ABI at the cellular level. Standardized multimodal neurological monitoring may facilitate early detection of and intervention for ABI. With the increasing use of ECPR, it is critical to understand the pathophysiology of ABI, its prevention, and the management strategies for improving the outcomes of ECPR. Translational and clinical research focusing on acute ABI immediately after ECMO cannulation and its short- and long-term neurological outcomes are warranted.
The problem of malnutrition amongst acutely hospitalized elderly patients
Authors: Fatyga Edyta
Published: September 2021

Wstęp

Celem pracy była ocena niedożywienia u pacjentów hospitalizowanych w trybie pilnym na oddziale internistycznym z uwzględnieniem chorób będących przyczyną hospitalizacji.

Materiał i metody

Przekrojowe badanie obserwacyjne przeprowadzono na próbie 320 osób w wieku podeszłym przyjmowanych kolejno na oddział chorób wewnętrznych od września 2019 r. do stycznia 2020 r. Stan odżywienia sprawdzano za pomocą: kwestionariusza Subiektywnej Globalnej Oceny (SGA), pomiaru antropometrycznego (masa ciała i wzrost), wskaźnika masy ciała (BMI) oraz analizy składu ciała za pomocą bioimpedancji elektrycznej (BI).

Wyniki

Badania wykazały niedożywienie u 42,6% mężczyzn i 44,7% kobiet oraz poważne niedożywienie u 24% mężczyzn i 24,1% kobiet. Niedożywienie stwierdzano najczęściej u osób z przewlekłą obturacyjną chorobą płuc (POChP) i z zakażeniami układu moczowego, a poważne niedożywienie u osób z chorobami układu krążenia.

Wnioski

U pacjentów w wieku podeszłym hospitalizowanych w trybie pilnym z powodu chorób wewnętrznych występuje wysoki wskaźnik niedożywienia i poważnego niedożywienia. SGA i BI są przydatnymi narzędziami do kontroli stanu odżywienia w tej grupie chorych.
Development of Novel Multiplex PCR for Diagnosis of Co-infected Hemo-parasites in Cattle
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Abhay , Sarma Kamal , Sharma Paresh , Kumari Rashmi Rekha , Kumar Manish
Published: September 2021

Background: A novel, rapid and specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction was developed to diagnose hemo-parasitic infection in bovine blood co-infected with three of the most common hemo-parasites. Methods: The diagnostic process relied on the detection of the three different bovine hemoparasites isolated from red blood cells (RBCs) of cattle (N=30) by conventional Giemsa stained blood smear (GSBS) and confirmed by multiplex PCR. The multiplex PCR system was used to diagnose GSBS positive blood samples (N=12) found infected or co-infected with hemoparasites. The designed multiplex primer sets was attempted to amplify 205, 313 and 422 bp fragments of apocytochrome b, sporozoite and macroschizont 2 (spm2) and 16S rRNA gene for Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata and Anaplasma marginale, respectively. Result: This multiplex PCR was sensitive with the ability to detect the presence of 150 ng of genomic DNA. The primers used in this multiplex PCR also showed highly specific amplification of specific gene fragments of each respective parasite. Comparing the two detection methods revealed that 58.33% of specimens showed concordant diagnoses with both techniques. The specificity, positive predictive value and kappa coefficient of the agreement was highest for diagnosis of B. bigemina and lowest for A. marginale. The overall Kappa coefficient for diagnosis based on GSBS for multiple pathogens compared to multiplex PCR was 0.56, slightly behind the threshold of 0.6 of agreement. Therefore, confirmation should always be based on PCR to rule out false positives due to differences in subjective observations, stain particles and false negatives due to low parasitemia. The simplicity and rapidity of this specific multiplex PCR method make it suitable for large-scale epidemiological studies and follow-up of drug treatments.