bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ROTATING WAVY CYLINDER ON BIOCONVECTION FLOW OF NANOENCAPSULATED PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS IN A FINNED CIRCULAR CYLINDER: ISPH SIMULATIONS
Authors: Alsedais Noura , Lee Sang-Wook , Aly Abdelraheem M.
Published: January 2024

The originality of this study is the introduction of numerical investigations on the bioconvection flow of nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) with oxytactic microorganisms in a new configuration of a circular annulus with a rotating wavy inner cylinder. The incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method was applied to solve the governing partial differential equations for the velocity, temperature, concentration, and density of motile microorganisms. Compared with the conventional mesh-based method, this mesh-free, particle-based approach offers strong advantages in the simulation of complex problems with free surfaces and moving boundaries with large displacements. The pertinent parameters are the undulation number (Nund = 2-36), bioconvection Rayleigh number (Rab = 1-1000), Darcy parameter (Da = 10-5-10-2), length of the inner fin (LFin = 0.05-0.15), radius of the inner wavy cylinder (Rc = 0.05-0.25), Rayleigh number (Ra = 103-105), undulation amplitude of the inner wavy cylinder surface (A = 0.1-0.4), and frequency parameter (ω = 1-5). The undulation number of the inner wavy cylinder enhanced the flow of the oxytactic microorganisms and isotherms, whereas it had the reverse effect on the velocity, decreasing the maximum velocity by 26.56%. In addition, the comparatively high undulation amplitude and frequency increased the average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. It was found that the embedded wavy cylinder interacting with fins plays an important role in enhancing heat transfer and the bioconvection flow within a closed domain.
Influence of the European Portuguese phonological system on the perception of close-mid and open-mid vowels
Authors: Jesus Luis M. T. , Im Megumi , Veloso João , Costa Maria Conceição
Published: January 2024

This study’s purpose was to analyse the influence of neutralisation on the perception of European Portuguese (EP) close-mid and open-mid vowels, and the gradient between the /i/, /e/, /ε/ and /a/ phonological categories. A fuzzy boundary between mid-vowels has been described in the phonological systems of various languages including EP, a variety of Portuguese with complex phonological phenomena and exceptional realisations of vowels in different contexts. Fifteen listeners from Lisbon participated in two tasks: Identification and goodness rating of 20 random repetitions of 31 stimuli from a /i/-/e/-/ε/-/a/ continuum. The boundaries between categories in the identification task, the internal structures of each category and the gradient of each boundary in the goodness rating task were analysed. Logistic regression was used to analyse the individual responses of listeners and the internal structure of phonemic categories, and prototypes were determined using bubble charts of goodness scores. The gradient of boundaries was analysed using two sets of data: X responses and goodness ratings. Models of the gradients of transition were developed using a mixed effects regression approach. Results from the identification task showed four vowel categories marked by three distinct boundaries. The stimulus with the highest score was approximately in the centroid and the goodness score decreased as the stimulus moved away from the centroid, which constitutes new evidence of an internal structure of the phonemic categories in EP. The main implications of the results obtained are for the description and typology of phonological phenomena in EP, supporting the existence of a non-partial contrast (which does not neutralise in any context) between /ε/ and /a/, and revealing less robust /i/-/e/ and /e/-/ε/ phonemic oppositions.
Entrepreneurial knowledge and skills from parents to their children: An occupational legacy strategy for family-owned businesses
Authors: Mthembu Thuli Godfrey , Christiansen Nadia , Kriel Stephanie , Marone Chante , Mason Joane , Zwane Sihlengiwe
Published: January 2024

Background: Transmission of entrepreneurial legacies in family-owned businesses has received increased attention. There is still uncertainty, however, whether families pass down the knowledge and skills onto their children. Aim: This study explored how families transmit entrepreneurial knowledge and skills as part of occupational legacy to their children. Methods: This narrative qualitative research was conducted with five families who owned business in the Western Cape and Mpumalanga Provinces. Twelve participants were selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants using a face-face approach and telephone calls were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim then thematically analysed in a credible manner. Findings: Four themes captured the qualitative evidence of how the families transmit entrepreneurial knowledge and skills to the children consists of Theme 1: Parental family traditions; Theme 2: Inherited entrepreneurial knowledge and skills; Theme 3: Experiences of the entrepreneurial occupations; and Theme 4: We need to let go and let them carry on. Conclusion: Overall, this study indicates that through enacted togetherness, transitions and adaptations allowed families to engage in entrepreneurial occupations that facilitated inculcation of knowledge and skills needed for family-owned businesses. The social implication of this study is that families transmitted the legacy of social security of their communities. Implications for practice This study suggests that occupational therapists should consider the needs of older generations who are prone to imposter syndrome due to handing over their family-owned businesses to the younger generations. Greater efforts are needed to ensure that older and younger generations have mental and emotional capacity to deal with the psychological and environmental factors that can influence transmission of entrepreneurial legacies. Therefore, occupational therapists may design intervention strategies to facilitate transition, resilience, productivity and wellness.
Role of self-awareness in the promotion of health and well-being of college students
Authors: Rekha Wagani , Pranita Gaur
Published: January 2024

The quest for knowing self is the most basic of human nature, which is long believed to be necessary for promoting good health and well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of Self-Awareness (SA) in health and well-being. It was proposed that self-awareness is a positivistic construct that would promote health and well-being. In order to achieve the above-stated purpose, two series of studies were planned. The first study aimed to find out the contribution of SA to various dimensions of health and well-being. A total of 300 college students equally drawn from both genders participated in the study. The self-awareness scale (developed by the researcher), health scale for college students (adapted for the present study), and WHO spirituality form were given to participants. Study I demonstrated that self-awareness predicted most health and well-being factors. The findings further suggested that self-awareness may promote health and well-being. In study II, 60 experimental-control group participants were recruited. Students were allocated into experimental and control groups. A specifically designed Self-awareness Intervention Program (SAIP) was held for five days for the participants in a controlled setting. The results showed a substantial increment in the health and well-being of the treatment group in comparison to the control group. A brief follow-up interview was conducted to understand the Intervention's results. A major implication of the present study is that SA can be used as a positivistic construct and that an intervention program can be taken as a low-cost strategy to promote the health and well-being of college students.
The development of a depressive disorder management model amongst Thai labours in the Eastern Economic Corridor (ECC)
Authors: Sorut Wongsuttitum , Boonyapa Pokasem , Chaweerat Chernchomkul
Published: January 2024

Depression is a barrier to the human workforce. However, the lack of major policies and guidelines for depression disorder in Thailand hinders healthcare workers from addressing this issue. Therefore, this research examines ways to develop depressive disorders in laborers. This study used a qualitative approach to examine the context of depression management in labor. The results of this study presented factors related to depression management from individual to organizational contexts. This finding suggests that stakeholders should take the first step of depression prevention outside healthcare services.
Brief review of the monograph assessment of long-term runoff in the southwestern part of the African continent (scenarios of long-term changes in probability characteristics)
Authors: Peter Buharitsin , Modest Kuame Kuasi
Published: January 2024

For the physical and geographical conditions of the African continent, it is more acceptable to simplify the runoff formation model by adapting to the relatively poorly studied long-term river flow regime of North Africa. The solution to the problems is based on the methodology of partially infinite modeling, developed in Russia and used in countries of Latin America and Africa with hot climates.
Foods and nutrients consumption and the risk of gallstone disease: A nested case-control study in Rosario, Argentina
Authors: Agustina Bertola Compagnucci , Herman A Perroud , Stella M Batallés , Stella M Pezzotto
Published: January 2024

The etiology of Gallstone Disease (GD) is multivariate and it involves genetics and environmental factors. Nutritional exposure is considered the main environmental influence that contributes to gallstone formation. The aim of this study was to assess the association between diet and GD. A nested case-control study based on a previous representative screening of asymptomatic subjects living in Rosario, Argentina, was carried out. Participants underwent a personal interview. Food and nutrient intake were estimated by applying a food-frequency questionnaire, a food photography atlas, and software for food composition. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted by potential confounders. A total of 120 patients, 51 cases and 69 controls, were studied. Statistically significant differences in average daily energy intake were found between cases and controls (p = 0.002). Total fats, chicken with skin, sausages, and cold cuts intakes were higher in the cases group. However, the control group was characterized by a statistically significant higher consumption of vegetables, fresh fruits, nuts, chicken without skin, and skimmed dairy products. Multiple logistic regression showed that GD risk diminished with red and yellow vegetables (OR = 0.037; p = 0,0004) and nuts consumption (OR = 0.201; p = 0.019). Instead, GD risk increases with total fats (OR = 7.959; ρ = 0.0205), fatty cattle meat (OR = 18.163; p = 0.0063), and chicken with skin consumption (OR: 10.595; p = 0.0050). Phosphorus consumption decreases GD risk (OR = 0.055; p = 0.0035). A number of meals also acted as a protective factor. Also, caloric intake was a risk factor. Each 100 kilocalories daily consumed; the risk increases by 12%.
v2 RNAscope v1
Authors: not provided thnasko
Published: January 2024

This is a protocol for performing RNAscope® in situ hybridization analysis on fixed-frozen mouse brain tissue using the RNAscope® Multiplex Fluorescent v2 kit (Advanced Cell Diagnostics; ACD). It is similar to the v2 protocol provided by ACD; places where it deviates from ACD's protocol have been indicated. This protocol provides steps for staining sections through dorsal striatum of mouse brain, but can also be applied to other brain areas. It also has steps for sample preparation, including cryosectioning.
Ubiquitin immunoprecipitation using an anti-ubiquitin nanobody v1
Authors: S Sitron Cole
Published: January 2024

This protocol describes a method to detect ubiquitination on a protein of interest. This technique relies on immunoprecipitation (IP) of ubiquitinated proteins from a cell lysate through the use of an anti-ubiquitin nanobody coupled to agarose beads. The eluate can be run on SDS-PAGE to determine whether the protein of interest was recovered in the IP and, therefore, ubiquitinated.
Induction of aggregation in alpha-synuclein-expressing cells by treatment with preformed fibrils (PFFs) v1
Authors: S Sitron Cole
Published: January 2024

This protocol details how to efficiently produce alpha-synuclein aggregates in cells by templating the misfolding of intracellular alpha-synuclein through treatment with preformed fibrils of alpha-synuclein (PFFs).
Mary-Anne Plaatjies-van Huffel
Authors: Pillay Miranda
Published: January 2024

There’s no doubt that Mary-Ann Plaatjies-van Huffel is amongst the women who “have moved into the academy, assumed religious leadership, and claimed their religious agency and heritage”. However, as a woman of colour Plaatjies-van Huffel’s life and work reveal that she had to navigate her leadership and exercise her agency along a well-beaten patriarchal beaten track. In this article I foreground some “first woman to…” milestones on Plaatjies-van Huffel’s trailblazing journey through the ecclesial ranks of the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA), highlighting that her academic research and community engagement reflect the social, economic, and political realities of racism and sexism, and its complex ramifications in post-apartheid South Africa. The main argument I make in this article is that, while women may no longer be excluded from leadership positions, it is second-generation gender bias that maintains the patriarchal beaten track in “the church”. Thus, I call for the debunking of second-generation gender bias which, I argue, will require a virtue of unctuousness.
Efficiency of nutrient removal in an oxidation ditches
Authors: Gogina Elena S. , Gulshin Igor Al. , Spasibo Elena V.
Published: January 2024

Changes in legislation related to the discharge of treated wastewater lead to the need to improve the methods of its treatment. This paper presents the results of an experiment conducted on a laboratory model of an oxidation ditches in order to determine the possibility of deep biological wastewater treatment in this facility. Emphasis has been placed on the energy efficiency of the technology, in view of the trend towards lower operating costs at biological treatment plants. Based on the results of the experiment, conclusions were drawn, on the basis of which further research is planned.
Processing, modeling, forecasting of individual indicators of surface wastewater for releases of the historical part of Samara
Authors: Strelkov Alexander K. , Shuvalov Mikhail V. , Abashkin Anton A. , Teplyh Svetlana Y. , Pavluhin Alexey A.
Published: January 2024

The quality of surface wastewater of a large industrial center was studied using the example of the historical center of Samara. Indicators have been identified that in the future may have a negative impact on the domestic sewage system, in particular on urban sewage treatment facilities. With the help of mathematical processing, omissions in the available data were replenished, the relationship of indicators to each other was revealed, their influence on each other, some of them were predicted. It was established that the presented data will not have a negative impact on centralized drainage systems of settlements and urban districts.
Modern technological approaches in the field of architectural organization scientific and educational centers
Authors: Marenkov Konstantin A.
Published: January 2024

Research and education centers are ideal places for collaboration and innovation. The use of modern technologies in the field of architectural organization of scientific and educational centers makes it possible to increase the efficiency of space use, reduce energy consumption, improve cooperation between researchers and teachers, as well as attract and retain talents. In addition, the use of new technologies can help provide more comfortable conditions for training and work, create a favorable internal microclimate and improve the environmental situation of the area, as well as create a unique architectural appearance. In general, the use of modern technologies in the formation of the architecture of scientific and educational centers contributes to the development of science, education and culture.
“Forms of free choice” and role of designer in modern design
Authors: Ratieva Yulia S. , Rogatina Yulia V.
Published: January 2024

This article makes a number of clarifications about how the design appeared, how it was born. It is generally accepted that the design appeared only in the 20th century, but there are objective reasons to believe that it originated much earlier. The design grew out of architecture and engineering. And the first step towards the emergence of design was the identification in the design of designed objects of the so-called “forms of free choice.” The article explains the difference between technical and artistic creativity, gives the current types of work performed by designers. The history and practice of design convincingly prove that design is not a decoration of the project, but a visually perceived creative concept and a system of author’s compositional solutions built into it and consistent with all factors of influence. Design is a serious market tool that must be actively used to improve the quality and consumer properties of domestic goods.
PLATO AND HRYHORII SKOVORODA: SYSTEMICITY AND HUMANISM
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Myshanych Ya. О.
Published: January 2024

The problem of an ideal society and an ideal state has interested mankind at all times – from antiquity to the present. The works of the Greek philosopher Plato show that as early as the fifth century BC, the concept of a just state was created, where everyone would do their job and live happily. Holistic philosophical concept in the XVIII century. created by Ukrainian philosopher H. Skovoroda. The idea of vocation work became fundamental to his philosophy. The development of the concept was the so-called “upper republic”, where all people got their bread working by vocation and according to their natural inclinations. In addition to ancient sources, the philosopher used the Bible, which he considered a separate ideal world, according to which all people should live. H. Skovoroda considered love, common property, universal equality and republican rule to be the main principles of a harmonious ideal state.
Soil Invertebrates As Sentinels Of Soil Health: A Zoological Approach To Soil Quality Assessment.
Authors: Reddy Dr. H. Ramasubba , Khan Misbhauddin , Pasarkar Amruta
Published: January 2024

Soil invertebrates, a diverse and often inconspicuous component of terrestrial ecosystems, play a pivotal role in evaluating soil health and quality. As living organisms residing within the soil matrix, they are sensitive indicators of the environmental conditions and overall ecosystem dynamics, making them invaluable sentinels in the assessment of soil quality. This scientific endeavor seeks to expound upon the critical importance of employing a zoological approach for comprehensive soil quality evaluation. The utilization of soil invertebrates as bioindicators facilitates the assessment of both abiotic and biotic factors shaping soil quality. Their mobility allows them to respond to changing environmental conditions, while their small size renders them particularly sensitive to local variations. As agents of decomposition, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem stability, soil invertebrates play a major role in the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry practices. The application of a zoological perspective to soil quality assessment not only elucidates the complex web of interactions within soil ecosystems but also contributes to the advancement of sustainable agricultural and environmental practices
Non-contact measurement of the dynamic magnetostriction parameters of ferromagnets
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Serbin E. D. , Perov V. N. ,   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kostin V. N. ,   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The magnitude of magnetostriction of a ferromagnetic material largely determines the efficiency of electromagnetic-acoustic transformation and the intensity of magnetoacoustic emission, which are based on the application of alternating magnetic fields. This study shows that laser interferometry allows dynamic magnetostrictive behavior to be measured in an alternating magnetic field. Experiments reveal that dynamic magnetostrictive sensitivity determined from the amplitude of the second harmonic of elastic vibrations in ferromagnetic materials correlates with the value of the maximum magnetostrictive elongation of the studied ferromagnetic materials.
Separation in Fe–Ni and Fe–Ni–P alloys under electron irradiation and isochronous annealing
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Danilov S. E.
Published: January 2024

The annealing of radiation defects in the Fe–34.7at.%Ni and Fe–34.6at.%Ni–0.1at.%P alloys irradiated with 5 MeV electrons is studied by the method of residual electrical resistivity. It is shown that, during annealing after irradiation at 80 K, vacancies become mobile in the region of 220 K with a migration energy of about 0.6 eV. In this case, vacancy-impurity complexes (clusters) are formed, and in the H36 alloy vacancy clusters are formed. Under irradiation at room temperatures, vacancy defects accumulate in the form of vacancy clusters. The dissociation of these clusters at 350–550 K results in the appearance of freely migrating vacancies and enhanced self-diffusion. This leads to radiation-accelerated ordering processes in the Fe–Ni and Fe–Ni–P alloys. At temperatures around 800 K, homogenization of the solid solution occurs. The details and stages of the dissociation of vacancy-impurity complexes are discussed.
Possibilities of predicting early postoperative complications after surgical correction in infants of the first year of life with ventricular septal defect
Authors: Lazarkov P. V. , Orekhova Е. N. , Khovaeva Ya .B. , Belov V. А. , Soloviev О. V.
Published: January 2024

Objective. To study the echocardiographic (Echo-CG) indicators in infants of the first year of life with ventricular septal defect (VSD) in the early postoperative period after surgical correction of the defect.

Materials and methods. Examination of 205 infants with VSD was carried out. Complex examination before the surgery, 6, 24 hours and the day 10th after the surgery was fulfilled.

Results. In the early postoperative period, myocardial dysfunction (MD) was detected in 30.2 % of cases (n = 62). The patients were longer subjected to artificial lung ventilation (p = 0.04), had a longer period of staying in the intensive care unit (p = 0.002) and hospital (p = 0.004). The data, predicting the postoperative MD were revealed including VSD area index (OR 2.7; р = 0.00001), longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle (SLV; OR 2.69; р = 0.00001), longitudinal deformation of the free wall of the right ventricle (SRV; OR 1.04; р = 0.0001) and the average estimated pressure in the lung artery (OR 1.6; р = 0.0001).

Conclusions. 1. After the surgery, MD was detected in 30.2 % of cases. 2. SLV and SRV in infants with MD demonstrate the aggravation of ventricular contractility earlier than traditional indicators of the systolic function. 3. Preoperative SLV «–» 12 %, SRV «–» 6 %, VSD area index 100,5 mm2/m2, average estimated pressure in the lung artery 38 mm Hg are independent predictors of complications accompanied by MD during the first day after the VSD closure. 4. Complications, connected with longer ALV, are associated with duration of staying in the intensive care unit and hospital.
Hypokalemia-induced arrhythmia: a case series
Authors: Shoeb Ansari Mohammed , Ashar Shaikh , Ansari Mudassir
Published: January 2024

Potassium is one of the major intracellular electrolytes in the body and is normally maintained between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L. A serum K+ concentration below 3.5 mEq/L is considered hypokalemia. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium disorders, are common in clinical practice. Potassium homeostasis plays a key role in regulating cell membrane excitability. Potassium is a major determinant of the electrophysiologic properties of the myocardial membrane, and it plays an important role in the occurrence of arrhythmia. Hypokalemia can lead to clinically significant, life-threatening arrhythmia. Typical electrocardiographic (ECG) features of hypokalemia include widespread ST depression, T wave inversion, and prominent U waves. However, hypokalemia may present with different types of arrhythmias as well. Herein, we present 3 cases presenting with hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias in different clinical scenarios with documented low potassium levels and treated with timely diagnosis and effective management.
Emotional assertiveness, assertive communication and assertive training enhancing the employees’ performances: A China banking perspective
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Vasudevan Hemaloshinee , Abdul Ghanee Hussain Aishath Rifga
Published: January 2024

The study acknowledges empirical, conceptual, and policy-driven papers that address emotional assertiveness, assertive communication, and assertive training as means of improving employee performance in Chinese banking, which is a significant contributor to the Chinese economy. Most banking enterprises have suffered from poor performance and a lack of aggressiveness in operation. It can be used by both managers and employees to create a good interaction process and a favorable work environment, which can help elevate performances. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire survey and simple random sampling. The sample comprises 381 employees from the Chinese banking industry, with a response rate above 70%. The regression analysis confirms that emotional assertiveness, assertive training, and assertive communication significantly impact employee performance. In conclusion, this study contributes to academia and industries by addressing the importance of assertiveness in improving performance. The policy-driven evidence on the conceptual framework of HR literacy in emotional, training, communication, and job performance should be adopted and reviewed in the country’s existing management by objective policy and legal framework in resolving employee job performance and training that are still underutilized and have a great deal of potential to satisfy the employees and management needs by establishing and emerging nations.
In-depth Hirschfeld Surface Analysis, Interaction Energy, Molecular Docking, and DFT Investigations of Electronic Properties of 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene
Authors: Megrouss Youcef , Salem Yahıaouı , Nourdine Boukabcha , Azayez Mansour , Kaas Sid Ahmed , Chouaıh Abdelkader , Drıssı Mokhtaria
Published: January 2024

Quantum-chemical calculations, molecular docking, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of a structure of 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene constitute the main aspects of this work. The crystal structure of the title compound which is liquid at room temperature, was obtained by in situ cryo crystallization The crystal packing is stabilized by C5–H5…O2 and C7–H7C…N1 intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The analysis of the obtained results of the density functional theory calculations is in good agreement with the experimental data. The analysis of global chemical reactivity descriptors shows that the compound exhibits more stability and less reactivity at high polar media. Hirshfeld surface and 2D-fingerprint plots analysis shows that the H…H, O…H/H…O, C…C, and C…H/H…C contacts are the significant contributors stabilizing the crystal structure of 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene. The RDG-NCI analysis of the molecule was performed to determine the non-covalent interactions present within the molecule. In addition, the compound under investigation presents a biological activity when it is docked into the protein (PDB ID: 4Y0S) with the binding energy system of -6.6 kcal/mol.
Zeleno, ki te ljubim, zeleno
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena , Plemenitaš Katja
Published: January 2024

The article presents a corpus study of the use of the term green in the context of environmental changes compared to its general use. The main part of the article presents a corpus analysis of the word green using the Gigafida 2.0 corpus and the Termania terminological source. The research shows that in the Gigafida 2.0 corpus, the strongest collocations containing the adjective green with the meaning of environmental protection refer to political parties and activities (green coalition, green alternative) and terms related to economy and tourism (green energy, green destination, green economy). Interestingly, the popular term green transition is not among the strongest collocations. We assume this is due to this expression becoming more established in the period no longer covered by the Gigafida 2.0 corpus.
Biological Control of Pests in Major Tropical Vegetable Crops: A Review
Authors: Ambethgar Anbu Sezhian , Rameshkumar Alagarswamy , Krishna Karri Rama , Sundaresan Srivignesh
Published: January 2024

India stands as a global agricultural powerhouse, employing over 60% of its population in farming and related sectors. Agriculture forms a significant pillar of the nation’s GDP, with vegetables being a cornerstone of its horticultural output. Despite advancements in vegetable production, the sector faces myriad challenges, including insect infestations, diseases and other biotic and abiotic factors that compromise yield and quality. This review article delves into the biological control of pests in key tropical vegetable crops like brinjal, tomato, chili, okra and cucurbits. It explores the use of biological control agents such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens as part of integrated pest management strategies aimed at reducing the dependency on synthetic pesticides. It provides an in-depth analysis of common pests such as whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs and thrips, as well as crop-specific pests like brinjal and bhendi shoot and fruit borers. The paper underscores the advantages of biological control, including its environmental sustainability and reduced risk of pest resistance, while also acknowledging its limitations such as slower pest elimination rates and higher costs. It calls for concerted efforts from governmental bodies, NGOs and agricultural institutes to promote awareness and training in biological control methods. The focus of the review is to advocate for a paradigm shift towards sustainable and effective pest management practices in India’s vegetable farming sector.
Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance by Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods in E. coli Isolated from Diarrhea of Cattle Calves in Mhow, Indore
Authors: Sikrodia Ravi , Chhabra Daljeet , Shukla Supriya , Audarya S.D. , Jogi Joycee , Gangil Rakhi , Jatav G.P.
Published: January 2024

Background: Neonatal calf diarrhoea, a complex illness, continues to be the leading cause of neonatal calf deaths. The complex pathophysiology of infectious calf diarrhoea results in severe losses to the dairy sector, either directly via mortality or indirectly through the costs of prophylaxis and slowed growth in infected calves. Neonatal calf diarrhoea during the first month of life causes between 80 to 85 per cent of all deaths in India. Methods: A total 137 cattle calve diarrhea samples were collected from calves that show clinical signs of diarrhea. Swabs of the rectum were taken directly from diarrhoeic calves and collected in sterile test tubes. They were then immediately transported to the laboratory for the isolation of E. coli. Result: A total 64 E. coli isolates were detected and identified from samples via biochemical and molecular assays employing PCR targeting the E. coli specific 16s rRNA gene. The result of antibiotic sensitivity of 64 isolated strains of E. coli to 15 antimicrobial drugs shows highest sensitivity towards antibiotic gentamycin (68.75%) followed by sulfadiazine and co-trimoxazole (39.06), ciprofloxacin (32.81%) and highest resistance against ampicillin (87.5%) followed by ceftriaxone (82.813%), ceftazidime plus clav (81.25%). There is the variation in the expression of the AMR genes in the isolated E. coli strains. The detection rate of AMR gene blaTEM was highest 90% and that of aadA was the lowest (0%). The other AMR genes blaCTX-M, blaSHV, sul1 and tetA showing 50%, 20%, 50% and 30%.
Relative yield, competition, land use and economic performance of chickpea-based intercropping systems
Authors: Dhaka A.K. , Jat R.D. , Singh Bhagat , Dhaka Prakriti , Kumar Satish , Kumar Sandeep
Published: January 2024

Background: Chickpea is the third-most important food legume in the world. Chickpea is less remunerative than raya, linseed and fenugreek. Hence there is a gradual shift in cropping patterns from sole chickpea to its intercropping with raya, linseed and fenugreek. Intercropping offers potential advantages over sole cropping. Since information on the relative yield, competition, land use and economics of chickpea intercropping with raya, linseed and fenugreek is lacking, hence the present experiment was undertaken. Methods: A field experiment was performed at CCSHAU, Hisar, during two consecutive winter seasons, i.e., 2020-21 and 2021-22, following a randomized block design comprising nineteen treatments, replicating thrice. The study was aimed to evaluate the chickpea-based intercropping in row replacement system with fenugreek, linseed and raya as an intercrop with row ratio of 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, 3:5 and 2:6 for chickpea + intercrop along with their sole crop. Result: Chickpea + fenugreek (6:2) intercropping was found utmost efficient and suitable, having significantly higher LER (1.20), CEY (2396 kg/ha), LUE (119.3), ATER (1.18), A (0.53), RCC (4.18), MAI (18838), SPI (2208), IAI (34.6), net return (Rs. 96,170/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.79).
Deciphering G × E Interaction of Photo-insensitive Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] Mutants using AMMI and GGE Biplot Models
Authors: Vaishnavi V. , Sulthana J. Sumaiya , Anandhi K. , Sivakumar R. , Kannan Balaji , Saravanan N.A. , Sudhagar Rajaprakasam
Published: January 2024

Background: Photosensitivity in horsegram restricts horizontal expansion in its cultivable area. Using induced mutagenesis, photo-insensitive mutants of a popular variety PAIYUR 2 were evolved. Methods: The mutants were experimented with across seasons and locations. All the experiments were conducted in the randomized block design with five replications. The AMMI and GGE biplot models were employed to tag the best-yielding and stable genotype(s). Result: The ANOVA indicated significant effects of genotypes (G), environments (E) and their combined genotype × environment interaction (G × E) for all the experimental traits implying a large range of variation. The interaction effect in AMMI has been partitioned into several principal components. Of the six Principal Components (PC), the first PC explained the major variation. It is 60.20% for the number of clusters per plant, 99.60% for days to fifty percent flowering, 92.57% for the number of pods per cluster, 96.63% for the number of pods per plant, 99.66% for days to maturity and 96.34% for yield per hectare. AMMI and GGE biplot analyses helped to identify the best performing and stable photo-insensitive mutants TNAU-HG-DM-001 and TNAU-HG-DM-004 for further exploitation.
Optimum Seed Harvest Time of Trifolium lupinaster L. in Relation to Flowering, Pods and Seed Characteristics
Authors: Peng Xin , Wu Feifei , Fu Nana , Shi Fengling , Zhang Yutong
Published: January 2024

Background: Pod splitting is the main cause of the low seed yield of legume forage grasses. In the present study, the flowering pattern, seed maturity characteristics and the optimum seed harvesting time of Trifolium lupinaster L. were investigated to improve seed yield and quality. Methods: All the required observations for this study were completed in the new line nursery from July to October 2022. Flowering habits of populations, individual plants, inflorescences and florets were observed for two consecutive months from July 1 to September 1 and daily temperatures and humidity were recorded.Observations on the state of seed and pod development were made by sampling and measuring in three batches every three days from July 25 to August 23 starting from the 12th day after the first flower and continuing until the first day of the season. Starting from July 15, seed yield and constitutive factors were measured every 10 d until September 5th. Result: The results showed that the flowering period of T. lupinaster L. population lasted for 60 days and the peak opening period was on the 11th-20th day after heading began, the florets opened most vigorously at 11:00-13:00 every day and inflorescences were opened more vigorously at 15:00 every day. The opening pattern of florets and inflorescences was greatly affected by temperature and humidity. The fresh weight of pod skin and seeds reached the maximum on the 15th day after flowering; the length and width of pods and seeds reached the maximum on the 18th day; the water content of pod skin and seeds began to decrease sharply on the 21st day, while the pods began to crack and the surface of the seeds dried and hardened; the water content of seeds decreased to below the safe storage moisture at 27 days. Our resuts showed that mid-August was the optimum seed harvesting period for T. lupinaster L.
Constructed Nature of Self-Harm Behavior: A Critical Assessment
Authors: PEKASIL Ayşe Nur
Published: January 2024

Despite the increasing interest in self-harm behaviors after 1980, comprehensive approaches regarding the definition, classification, reasons for preference, and motivations that sustain such behaviors have not been established. This situation has led individuals who engage in self-harm behaviors to encounter negative attitudes and behaviors such as stigmatization and unqualified service provision. In order to minimize negative attitudes and behaviors, all professional groups who are in contact with individuals engaging in self-harm behaviors need to consider their own personal, cultural, political, and intellectual backgrounds. The aim of the current study is to discuss the ambiguity, fluidity, and permeability of the boundaries between pathologically classified self-harm behaviors and socio-cultural or artistically approved self-harming acts. In this regard, definitions of self-harm behaviors have been critically evaluated to encourage awareness of the socially constructed nature of self-injury and to call for reflective practices. Self-harming acts embedded in literary texts, cultural practices, and art performances have been explored for this purpose. As a result, there are multiple individual and cultural meanings attached to what self-harm is, and no meaning takes precedence over the other because all meanings are historically and culturally relative. When this relativity, contextuality, and fluidity are understood, it will be realized that self-harm behaviors are not marginal but even common human experiences. This awareness can enable reflective and empathic practices that are important in increasing individuals’ self-care capacities and enhancing their well-being in self-harm behaviors.
The Establishment of State-Owned-Holding-Company: A State's Controlling Rights Perspective Based on Radbruch's Theory
Authors: Disyon Huta , Gultom Elisatris , Rahmawati Ema
Published: January 2024

The constitutional basis for the state's role in implementing the national economy is Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution regarding the State's Controlling Rights, one of which is realized through the existence of state-owned enterprises (“SOEs”) as one of the business actors in the economy. The expansion of the global economy necessitates the improvement of SOEs, and the government's strategic policy choice is establishing a state-owned holding company (“SOHC”) to strengthen value and efficiency. This research aims to determine how the state's controlling rights in the SOHC scheme relate to three basic legal values identified by Gustav Radbruch, namely justice, certainty, and benefits. Through normative juridical research methods, the approach taken is a conceptual approach and a statutory approach, conducted by researching theory or doctrine and relevant laws and regulations, including Supreme Court and Constitutional Court decisions. The results of this study show that the establishment of a SOHC has, in theory, met Gustav Radbruch's legal objectives of justice, certainty, and benefits. State's controlling rights must be widely understood with authority to formulate policies and actions for regulation, control, management, and supervision. In the management function, state control in the SOHC structure can be protected through special share ownership by the state. However, state control based on a sense of social justice, legal certainty, and benefit-oriented must still respect the principles of GCG in SOEs and do not mean monopolizing all national economic activities.
Determinan Keinginan Menggunakan Kontrasepsi pada Remaja Usia 15-24 Tahun di Masa Mendatang (Analisis Lanjut Data SDKI 2017)
Authors: Yunita Rani , Ramani Andrei , Baroya Ni'mal
Published: January 2024

Strategi pemerintah Indonesia untuk menekan pertumbuhan penduduk dilakukan melalui program Keluarga Berencana. Remaja termasuk sasaran program KB diharapkan agar mampu memiliki perencanaan yang baik terkait penggunaan kontasepsi di masa depan sehingga semua remaja memiliki akses terhadap informasi, konseling dan ketentuan kontrasepsi, dan tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan alat kontrasepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan keinginan remaja menggunakan kontrasepsi di masa mendatang yang dilihat dari faktor internal (jenis kelamin, usia, kuintil kekayaan, tempat tinggal, tingkat pendidikan, dan tingkat pengetahuan) dan faktor eksternal (akses media massa, diskusi kesehatan reproduksi, serta sumber informasi dan konseling kesehatan reproduksi). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non reaktif dengan desain cross sectional. Data pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada hasil SDKI 2017 dengan besar sampel sebanyak 19.912 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji asosiasi dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik dengan nilai α=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja pria yang berusia 15-19 tahun dengan kuintil kekayaan terbawah, tidak pernah sekolah, tidak mengakses televisi, tidak berdiskusi dengan teman, keluarga dan petugas kesehatan, serta remaja yang tidak mengetahui sumber informasi dan konseling kesehatan reproduksi merupakan determinan remaja yang tidak ingin menggunakan kontrasepsi di masa mendatang. Pemanfaatan media sosial (internet) untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait kesehatan reproduksi, peningkatan kualitas pelayanan konseling yang telah tersedia serta membangun komunikasi yang efektif antara orang tua dan remaja perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keinginan menggunakan kontrasepsi pada remaja.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Kecamatan Tenggarang Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Wulandari Winda , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani , Rohmawati Ninna
Published: January 2024

Anemia pada ibu hamil termasuk masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama dan meningkatkan risiko kematian ibu dan bayi. Berdasarkan data laporan pelayanan ANC Terpadu dan SHK Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bondowoso tahun 2020, Puskesmas Tenggarang Kabupaten Bondowoso memiliki prevalensi anemia tertinggi pada ibu hamil sebesar 41,04%. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor risiko anemia pada ibu hamil meliputi frekuensi kunjungan ANC dan ukuran konsumsi zat gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control pada September-Oktober 2022. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil anemia dan tidak anemia berdasarkan data pelayanan ANC terpadu dan SHK sejumlah 353 ibu hamil. Sampel sejumlah 42 kasus dan 42 kontrol yang dipilih menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman’s rho. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan status anemia pada ibu hamil yaitu tingkat konsumsi energi (p-value= 0,005), protein (p-value= 0,001), dan zat besi (p-value= 0,000). Tingkat konsumsi zat besi merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil (nilai koefisien korelasi (-0,542*), artinya ibu hamil yang konsumsi zat besinya kurang dari normal (defisit) dapat berisiko tinggi mengalami anemia selama kehamilan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya peningkatan konsumsi makanan bergizi bagi ibu hamil terutama zat besi dari hewani, dan perlu adanya peningkatan pengetahuan bagi ibu hamil dan keluarga terkait pentingnya konsumsi makanan bergizi dan berkualitas pada suami dan keluarga agar ibu hamil mendapat dukungan emosional dan dukungan finansial dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi.
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness with HDL and LDL Levels in Overweight Female Student
Authors: Damayanti Amilia Yuni , Fatimah Fatimah , Luthfiya Lulu’ , Kusumadiastuti Afina Deni
Published: January 2024

Background: Indonesia is now facing overweight problem as one of the major nutritional problems. It occurs due to excessive fat in the body. The distribution of body fat from subcutaneous fat can increase health risks such as dyslipidemia, one of which is characterized by abnormal High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between subcutaneous fat thickness and HDL LDL levels in overweight students at Universitas Darussalam Gontor.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 50 overweight adult women aged 18-25 years using the Lemeshow formula selected using consecutive sampling while the data analysis using the Chi-Square test. Data taken includes body fat percentage from measuring the thickness of subcutaneous fat folds using a skinfold caliper measuring instrument, and checking the lipid profile from HDL and LDL levels.
Results: The average thickness of subcutaneous fat in overweight female students was 32% body fat with high category (64%). The average HDL level was classified as normal (70%), while the LDL level was classified as high (58%).  The results of the analysis test on the relation between subcutaneous fat thickness and HDL levels showed no significant difference with HDL levels (p-value = 0.199 [>0.05]). While there is a significant relationship between the subcutaneous fat thickness and LDL levels with a p-value of 0.042 (<0.05).
Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between subcutaneous fat thickness and HDL level contrarily, there is a relationship between subcutaneous fat thickness and LDL levels. Monitoring the thickness of subcutaneous fat needs to be done as a form of controlling LDL levels.