bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The theory of innovation and entrepreneurship education practice with the integration of modern information technology and new engineering
Authors: Jiang Yanli , Yan Huijun
Published: September 2023

In the context of integrating modern information technology and new engineering, this paper first sets up new alternative controller nodes and data nodes in the whole blockchain network, which no longer requires administrators to maintain the platform and eliminates the problem of centralized trust crisis. Then the data nodes are optimized through RP-PBFT consensus according to blockchain technology, and the data nodes pack and encrypt the transaction data based on an elliptic encryption algorithm to store it on the new block while distributing the data to all other data nodes. Finally, from college students themselves, with the essential purpose of improving college students’ innovation ability as the research, the effect of blockchain technology on the development of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship practice community is analyzed. The results show that the average values of innovation spirit, innovation consciousness, innovation thinking, innovation learning ability, and innovation practice ability are 3.76, 3.75, 3.71, 3.80, and 3.76, respectively, which can be seen in the community members’ feelings of the improvement of innovation and entrepreneurship ability. This study applies blockchain technology to the innovation and entrepreneurship information data service platform of college students not only can solve the trust crisis of administrators based on the centralized working model and accelerate the transmission of entrepreneurship information.
The effect of fitness qigong exercise on college students’ physical fitness based on big data technology
Authors: Dou Lijuan
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the physical quality of college students has been declining year by year, and it is important to study the influence of fitness qigong exercise on physical fitness. In this paper, we study the principle of the CART decision tree algorithm under big data technology, sort out its algorithm steps, and propose the optimization based on the genetic algorithm to improve the accuracy of the CART algorithm by using two-layer GA for the disadvantage that CART decision tree is easy to fall into local optimum. Then, the GA-CART algorithm is used to explore the relationship between college students’ physical fitness and physical function changes and fitness qigong exercise. After 12 weeks of performing fitness qigong exercise, the BMI of female college students decreased by 2.98 on average, the BMI of male college students decreased by 2.57 on average, and the Velvec index decreased by 0.286 on average. Regarding the effect of physical function, the heart rate of female college students decreased by 2.11, 2.66, 5.97, and 12 weeks after 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks of fitness qigong exercise on average, respectively. 6.31 beats/minute, while male college students decreased by 2.18, 1.81, 4.97, and 5.51 beats/minute, respectively. The study based on big data can provide more scientific guidance for college students to participate in fitness qigong exercises and help them to develop their overall physical fitness.
A strategy study based on artificial intelligence data analysis of rural governance into tourism industry development research
Authors: Pan Hong , Wei Tingting , Li Li
Published: September 2023

Exploring the strategy of integrating rural governance into tourism industry development is to provide industrial support to realize rural revitalization. This paper introduces recurrent neural networks and long and short-term memory neural networks under deep learning techniques, including their specific structures and basic principles, starting from artificial intelligence grading techniques. The basic principle of the attention mechanism is explained, and the components of the basic attention mechanism model structure and the steps of processing data are given. The ATT-LSTM analytical prediction model is jointly constructed using the attention mechanism and the long and short-term memory neural network, and the model’s prediction process and overall structure are given. The ATT-LSTM analysis model was used to analyze the data related to developing rural governance integrated tourism industry using county S as an example. From the satisfaction data, the percentages of very good, good, average, and poor ratings are 9.32%, 24.51%, 39.28%, and 26.89%, respectively. In terms of promotion and publicity, the percentage of visitors introduced by friends and family increased from 25.64% in 2017 to 33.58% in 2020, an increase of 30.97%. This shows that the use of artificial intelligence technology can effectively analyze the impact related to the integration and development of rural governance and the tourism industry and should be complemented by industrial advantages and natural resources to tap into local folk culture and thus promote the prosperous development of the tourism industry.
Study on the Flipped Classroom Teaching Model of “Business English Translation” in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Li Qi
Published: September 2023

As a new teaching method born in the changing times, the flipped classroom also provides a new way to reform the teaching mode of business English translation. In this paper, we propose a new neural machine translation model--TwinGAN model, which includes two generators and two discriminators and combines “similarity selection” and “strategy gradient” of reinforcement learning and adversarial learning strategy of the generative adversarial network to improve the translation quality of the model. The model combines “similarity selection”, “policy gradient,” reinforcement learning, and the adversarial learning strategy of the generative adversarial network to improve the translation quality of the model while mitigating the exposure bias problem to improve the translation performance of the model further. Finally, the learning-assisted translation system based on the TwinGAN model is combined with the deep learning-based flipped classroom teaching model and applied to business English translation teaching. In the eight-week teaching test, 38.16% of the students in the experimental class achieved excellent learning levels in the first week of the test, and 57.47% in the eighth week of the test, an increase of 18.55% compared with the first week. In contrast, 36.48% of the students in the control class reached an excellent level in the first week of testing, and 35.73% in the control class reached an excellent level in the eighth week. The flipped classroom model based on deep learning is effective in teaching effectiveness.
Intelligent algorithm-based analysis of corporate financial decisions in the era of cloud accounting
Authors: Zhong Qi’an , Fan Kaifang
Published: September 2023

The development of cloud computing technology has promoted a new information technology revolution, and the arrival of the cloud accounting era has brought new ideas to enterprise financial decision-making. This paper first introduces the improved swarm intelligence algorithm grasshopper optimization algorithm optimization, using reverse learning the Levy flight mechanism to improve the global search ability of the original grasshopper algorithm, using the Gaussian variation mechanism to increase the diversity of the population to achieve algorithm optimization. The IGOA algorithm is then used to optimize the internal parameters of KELM by dynamically adjusting the optimal parameters based on the training set data through a 5-fold cross-validation analysis to evaluate the external classification performance. Then the factors affecting the financial decision analysis and the financial decision process in the cloud accounting era are introduced, and finally, some problems in traditional enterprise decision methods and the impact of intelligent algorithms on enterprise financial decisions are analyzed. In terms of the existing problems, the main ones are: 83% of them think that the traditional enterprise decision-making methods need to be innovated, and 83% of them think there is a shortage of professionals with professional financial decision-making expertise. On the impact of intelligent algorithms on enterprise financial decision-making, 88% think that the decision analysis dimension has been broadened based on intelligent algorithms, and 85% think that the decision risk has achieved fine control. The development and application of intelligent algorithms and cloud accounting technology have an important and positive effect on the financial decision-making mode of enterprises.
Construction of intelligent practice system of college Civics teaching based on VR technology in the information age
Authors: Liu Lina , Kang Chao
Published: September 2023

Exploring the application of VR technology in the intelligent practice system of college Civics teaching can better help Civics teaching realize the concept of nurturing people. In this paper, a virtual reality system is constructed using VR technology, and the construction data of the model is processed by the Wallis homogenization method under deep data processing technology. The teaching human-computer interaction interface in the virtual reality system is optimized and analyzed to meet the interactive experience of VR resources in Civics teaching. The necessity of VR technology application and college Civics teaching is discussed, and the index mining analysis of teaching interaction experience and the comparative analysis of VR intelligent teaching and traditional teaching is conducted using VR technology. From the evaluation of interactive experience, the average percentages of evaluation of sensory experience, interactive experience, and cognitive experience are 51.97%, 50.97%, and 50.98%, respectively. From the comparison of teaching modes, the overall percentage of those who are more satisfied with the VR teaching mode is 84.67%. This shows that the intelligent practice system of college teaching based on VR technology should adhere to the combination of VR teaching and traditional teaching, adhere to the combination of VR technology and the content of college Civics courses, and implement the education concept of good VR technology as a tool to educate people.
Modeling the connection between oil painting creation and university students’ inspiration in the context of “Internet+”
Authors: Tao Zhengwei , Zhao Junchao , Sahir Safrizal bin
Published: September 2023

In the Internet era, oil painting creation requires constant observation and learning before it can be inspired, and the inspiration for oil painting creation is like a godsend. This paper constructs a fast Fourier transform convolutional model based on fast Fourier transform and convolutional neural network to study the connection between oil painting creation and university students’ inspiration in the context of “Internet+”. The model was evaluated algorithmically, and a dataset of oil paintings was built to investigate the influence of the hue and brushwork technique on students’ inspiration. From the algorithm evaluation, the algorithm of this paper’s model reduces the floating-point computation from 34.76G to 20.08G than the traditional time-domain convolution algorithm, which reduces the floating-point computation by nearly 15G and greatly improves the running speed of this paper’s model. From the hue examples, the percentage of blue-gray, pale white, and light blue oil paintings are 34.95%, 18.59%, and 10.73%, respectively. Various hues will bring students different emotional expressions and induce their creative inspiration. In terms of brushwork techniques, the average percentages of the six brushwork techniques are 16.53%, 22.21%, 15.68%, 11.73%, 14.69%, and 19.16%, respectively. The fast Fourier transform convolution model established under the background of “Internet+” can effectively analyze the different tones and brushstroke techniques in oil paintings so that students can feel the emotion and vitality of the works in the process of observation and thus promote the generation of inspiration for oil painting creation of college students.
The path of optimizing and improving the teaching innovation ability of visual communication based on the SWOT model
Authors: Xiong Wenjing , Zhang Yihan
Published: September 2023

With the rapid development of visual media industry and large talent shortage, the traditional teaching mode has failed to keep up with the update speed of visual media development, and it is an imperative trend to carry out teaching innovation, this paper focuses on the path of optimizing the innovation ability of teaching ability of visual communication profession based on SWOT model, using SWOT model method to analyze the system components, the strategic position of subject teaching, the matching point of subject teaching, discipline teaching strengths and weaknesses fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for analysis, through the SWOT model method and traditional method classroom teaching time performance comparison, the results show that the SWOT model method than the traditional method time performance, further analysis of the development trend of SWOT model in the teaching neighborhood in the past seven years, 2018-2019 has increased by 15%, the fastest growth, the future quality and efficiency of teaching will become better and better, which is beneficial to the development of China’s education and talent pool, and is of great significance to the growth of China’s national economy and the improvement of its international status.
A study on the application of non-fiction writing in writing courses in local universities based on a decentralized Internet model
Authors: Zhang Qingbo
Published: September 2023

Along with the development of Chinese journalism and the continuous exploration of journalistic genres in the journalism industry, non-fiction writing has been shuttling between the two genres of literature and journalism. The development background of the times traditional non-fiction writing course teaching mode is difficult to adapt to the needs of college students, this paper around the decentralized Internet-based model of non-fiction writing in local college writing course application research, firstly, to build a non-fiction writing platform mathematical model, Markov random field, through the Bayesian network algorithm to process the characteristics of college students in the classroom data, the results show that students within the platform The results show that as the number of tests increases, the score trend from the three aspects of writing ideas and writing style and writing skills all show an upward trend, and the average score basically stays between 80-90, which is beneficial to understand the students’ writing level and performance, provide different users with suitable learning content for themselves, and contribute to the cause of Chinese literature by improving the students’ ability of non-fiction writing. It is of great value in changing the closed mode of writing courses, enhancing the practicality of writing content, and training college students to think logically and critically.
An Exploration of Chinese Language International Education Exchange and Cooperation Model Based on Random Forest Model
Authors: Suo Chengxiu
Published: September 2023

Chinese culture is always the eternal root of the Chinese nation and is an important language tool used in international exchanges between China and the rest of the world. As China’s status in the international arena has been enhanced in recent years, people from all over the world have become increasingly interested in the Chinese language, and more and more people are going to China to study it. Because of this, in recent years, the academic field has been researching the exchange and cooperation model of Chinese language international education, but most focus on quality rather than reality. This paper takes Chinese international education in colleges and universities as the research object and composes and summarizes the results of international scholars’ exploration of the exchange and cooperation model of Chinese international education. Based on the relevant theoretical foundation of the random forest algorithm; then, based on the previous research experience, four hypotheses are put forward on the influencing factors of the Chinese international education exchange and cooperation model, and combined with statistical theory, the correlation coefficient and visualization are used to demonstrate the size and direction of the correlation between each influencing factor and the Chinese international education exchange and cooperation model; then, the random forest algorithm is carried out from two perspectives of feature selection and weighted random forest Then, the random forest algorithm is optimised from two perspectives: feature selection and weighted random forest, and the model of Chinese international education exchange and cooperation is constructed, with the decidability coefficient (R
2) as the evaluation index of model accuracy, and the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) as the evaluation index of model error. The four hypothetical factors (AQI) indices were analyzed for 3, 6, and 9 years respectively. The results of this study show that the index analysis of the random forest algorithm-based model of Chinese language international education exchange and cooperation is highly evaluated. In the analysis of the AQI indices for 3, 6, and 9 years, the coefficient of decidability (R
2) of the four models reached 0.84, 0.74, and 0.63, respectively, with an increase of 14.23% in the evaluation of the indicator coefficients, an average reduction of 5.77% in the mean absolute error (MAE) and an average reduction of 5.42% in the root mean square error (MAE). According to the above results, the random forest algorithm-based Chinese language international education exchange and cooperation model constructed in this paper possesses good correlation analysis, which promotes Chinese language international education exchange and cooperation and facilitates humanistic exchanges between China and other countries in the world to become more in-depth and the common development of the global economy.
A Study on Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Home Mortgage Loans Based on Risk Management Framework
Authors: Zhao Yi
Published: September 2023

In the wave of global urbanization, the rapid development of the real estate industry has greatly driven the growth of personal housing loans of commercial banks, and personal housing loans have become a very important part of the loan business of commercial banks, especially in the business operations of many smaller urban commercial banks, where personal housing loan business is an important source of profit. However, the personal housing loan business is facing increasing risk management challenges against the multiple backgrounds of the current epidemic environment, the overall tightening of mortgage policies, and the accelerated advancement of market-based interest rates. For most urban commercial banks, personal housing loan risk control should be based on the local market, combined with the actual development of the enterprise itself, comprehensive internal and external environmental conditions to establish a perfect risk control mechanism and timely improvement of the existing management problems is a top priority. This paper takes Bank H as an example to study the risk management of personal housing loans, exploring the basic performance of Bank H in terms of personal housing loan risks, analyzing the factors affecting its housing loan risks, and the current problems in the management of personal housing loan risks. A linear regression model is also constructed to analyze the causes of Bank H’s housing loan risk, the factors affecting personal housing loan risk, and the characteristics of Bank H’s housing loan risk. The experimental results of this paper show that through risk control management of the 10 indicators selected, Bank H’s annual housing non-performing loan ratio declined by 19.392% and was effectively curbed. It is inferred that effective financial risk management decisions can be an important tool for risk management in averting the risks associated with commercial bank housing loans. Therefore, a sound post-loan risk management mechanism for personal housing loans is essential and the only way to improve the resilience of commercial banks.
The use of technology in teaching ELF pronunciation: a help or a hinderance?
Authors: Raine Paul
Published: September 2023

As the world’s premier lingua franca, English plays an instrumental role in global communication and cultural exchanges. Given that an individual’s English pronunciation is closely tied to their cultural and national identity, English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) emphasizes intelligibility as the primary criterion to gauge pronunciation success. This paper investigates the interplay between ELF, globalization, and interculturality, with particular attention on how technology facilitates the teaching of English pronunciation in ELF scenarios. It provides an in-depth qualitative analysis of educators’ perceptions on the role of technology as an enabler or inhibitor in teaching ELF pronunciation. The research affirms that teachers’ beliefs are consistent with the existing literature. The study concludes that state-of-the-art technology should be leveraged in ELF pronunciation instruction, provided it enhances intelligibility and avoids excessively discouraging learners whose pronunciation diverges from native norms.
Peculiarities of Fe penetration into the matrix of CaCO3 ± olivine ± serpentine at a pressure of 4 GPa and temperature of 1400-1500°C (experimental data)
Authors: Sonin V. M. , Zhimulev E. I. , Chepurov A. A. , Turkin A. I. , Chepurov A. I.
Published: September 2023

Research subject. We present the first results on modeling of the interaction of CaCO3 with metallic Fe in the presence of olivine and serpentine at high P-T parameters in comparison with the CaCO3-Fe system. The relevance of the study is related to the need to study decarbonatization reactions during subduction of crustal matter into the Earth's reduced mantle within the context of the global carbon cycle. Methods. The experiment was carried out using a BARS high-pressure apparatus at a pressure of 4.0 GPa and temperatures of 1400-1500°С with a subsequent study of the obtained samples on a scanning electron microscope equipped with a chemical microanalysis system. Results. CaCO3 was found to be unstable under the implemented conditions. The reaction products were iron carbide and Ca-wustite or Ca-magnesiowustite in the presence of silicate phases. Conclusions. The interaction of CaCO3 with metallic Fe at high pressure occurs even if the components are in the solid state. High reaction rates during interaction are provided by the appearance of liquid metal due to the relatively low melting temperature of the eutectic in Fe-C systems. The influence of gravity on the penetration of Fe into the carbonate matrix, which consists in the predominant infiltration of liquid metal between carbonate grains, was established. The presence of H2O significantly reduces the melting point of carbonate, which leads to an increase in the diffusion of components and decarbonization reaction rate, while the effect of gravity also takes place due to the difference in the density of liquid Fe in comparison with other components in a highly fluidized environment.
Thermal state of the Siberian craton marginal zone at the time of Mesozoic kimberlitic magmatism within the Kuoika field (Yakutian diamondiferous province)
Authors: Dymshits A. M. , Muraveva E. A. , Tychkov N. S. , Kostrovitsky S. I. , Sharygin I. S. , Golovin A. V. , Oleinikov O. B.
Published: September 2023

Research subject. Clinopyroxene xenocrysts from the heavy-mineral concentrates of 14 kimberlite bodies (western part of the field: Obnazhennaya, Rubin, Seraya, Vodorazdelnaya, Vtorogodnitsa, Antoshka; central part of the field: Sliudyanka, Skiff II; western part of the field: Irina, Noyabrskaya, Vechernyaya, Lyusya, Dianga and Zhila 79) of the Kuoika field (Yakutian diamondiferous province, Siberian craton). Aim. To reconstruct the mantle paleogeotherms Under the six kimberlite pipes (Vodorazdelnaya, Obnazhennaya, Vtorogodnitsa, Sliudyanka, Dianga, and Zhila 79) using two independent approaches. Materials and methods. The chemical composition of clinopyroxene xenocrysts was investigated and last equilibrium temperatures and pressures were estimated using single-crystal thermobarometry. The geothermal line fitting to the P-T data set was performed using two methods. The first method is based on the D. Hasterok and D.S. Champan model, and the second - on the D. McKenzie model. Results. The value of lithosphere thickness falls within the margin of error for the two methods, being also comparable with earlier reconstructions for the Vtorogodnitsa, Dyanga, and Obnazhennaya pipes. The obtained results indicate that, during the Mesozoic kimberlitic magmatism, the lithosphere thickness beneath the Kuoika field was about 200 km. Conclusion. The determined peculiarities of the chemical composition of clinopyroxene xenocrysts indicate heterogeneity of the lithospheric mantle composition. Different depths of transported mantle material for kimberlite pipes of the Kuoika field, which are coeval and are located a few km apart, may be related to peculiarities of kimberlite magma ascent to the surface and the presence of intermediate magma chambers. The eastern part of the Kuoika field contains more garnet and garnet-spinel peridotites compared to the central and western parts, which may indirectly indicate a greater diamondiferous potential of the eastern block, where the diamondiferous Dianga pipe is located. The absence of diamonds in other discovered pipes of the Kuoika field may be connected with the metasomatic enrichment of the lithospheric mantle in the area of the “diamond window”, which is confirmed by a large number of high-temperature clinopyroxenes at these depths.
Spectroscopic features of brown diamonds from Ural placers
Authors: Rakhmanova M. I. , Yuryeva O. P. , Zedgenizov D. A. , Gubanov N. V.
Published: September 2023

Research subject. Brown diamond crystals from placers of the western slope of the Middle/Northern Urals. Aim. Study of the defect-impurity composition of a sample of brown diamonds from the placers of the western slope of the Middle/ Northern Urals. Methods. In this work, special attention is paid to the analysis of the characteristic spectroscopic features of defects in diamonds from the placers of the western slope of the Middle/Northern Urals using photoluminescence and IR spectroscopy. Results. The studied diamonds from placers of the Middle/Northern Urals are round isometric crystals of a dodecahedral (tetrahexahedral) habitus. According to the results of luminescence (PL) and infrared spectroscopy, three groups of crystals can be distinguished: (i) medium and high nitrogen crystals with low aggregation and dominant defects H3 and 490.7 nm in the PL spectra; (ii) medium and high nitrogen with high aggregation and the predominance of N3 defects in the PL spectra; (iii) low nitrogen with low aggregation and dominant S1 defects in the PL spectra. The first group is characterized by a green glow (excited 405 nm), the second and third groups are characterized by a blue and yellow glow, respectively. The blue glow of the studied crystals is primarily due to the presence of the N3V center. This defect appears as a result of the aggregation sequence of nitrogen impurities and corresponds to diamonds subjected to the highest temperature annealing (1100-1260°C). Diamonds containing the S1 center are characterized by a low content and aggregation of nitrogen compared to crystals of other groups. Group (i) diamond crystals, whose PL spectra are dominated by the H3 and 490.7 nm systems, have a more intense brown color. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that annealing at higher temperatures is responsible for the formation of N3V centers in highly aggregated diamonds. The low %B1 aggregation and nitrogen content are associated with the presence of a nitrogen getter (presumably titanium) in the S1 center. An intense brown color appears in the group of diamonds with dominant systems A, H3 and 490.7 nm, which indicates a possible relationship between nitrogen and the corresponding optical absorption.
Morphology of trap sills near kimberlites
Authors: Tomshin M. D. , Gogoleva S. S.
Published: September 2023

Research subject. Trap sills of the Daldin-Alakit diamond-bearing region of western Yakutia. Aim. To establish the reason for the influence of sedimentary rocks containing kimberlite diatremes on the introduction of basite magma that forms trap sills and the possibility of using the morphology of sills as a search signs for kimberlites. Materials and methods. Sections of trap sills near kimberlites, their structure, petrographic and petrochemical composition of dolerites performing sills were studied. Results. During the formation of kimberlite diatremes, accompanied by pulsating explosions shifting to the top, a significant compaction of the sedimentary rocks containing kimberlites occurs, associated with thermoelastic stress fields. This process leads to the formation of zones near kimberlites, which are difficult to penetrate for relatively viscous, protocrystalline-enriched basite magmas. When such magmas are introduced, the latter before kimberlites form torus-shaped shafts with a sharply increasing power in intrusions. Sometimes magma, flowing around kimberlites, creates “trappless windows”, occasionally splitting into low-power “tongues”. Quite frequently, before kimberlites, sills crumple, acquiring a wave-like shape. Conclusion. All the listed morphological features of traps arise during the introduction of magma, thus providing an indirect method of searching for kimberlites, particularly during the areal drilling of territories covered by continuous trap fields conducted by ALROSA in Western Yakutia.
Petrographic composition of diamond-bearing Carnian formations of the Bulkur anticline the north-eastern Siberian Platform
Authors: Goloburdina M. N. , Grakhanov S. A. , Proskurnin V. F.
Published: September 2023

Research subject. Diamondiferous explosive detrital and sedimentary volcanoclastic rocks of the Carnian base of the Upper-Triassic confined to the west flank of the Bulkur Anticline in the north-eastern Siberian Platform. Aim. To identify diamondiferous features of Carnian rocks. Materials and methods. The materials collected by the authors while performing prospecting and evaluation works by the OOO Arctic Mining Company in 2022-2023 were used. The materials were represented by field observation results and mineral-petrographic studies. Rock types were defined by petrographic analysis in thin sections using a Leica DM2700P microscope and known classifications. Diamonds and accessory minerals were distinguished from steam sediment samples and described at the central analytical laboratory of the Vilyuysk Geosurvey Expedition, PJSC Alrosa. The estimation of diamond and pyrope content in core- and bulk samples (CPT) was performed considering their direct correlation. Results. The highest concentrations of diamonds were found to be localized in rocks in the west flank of the Bulkur Anticline. These formations were detected in lapilli tuffs, xenotuff breccia and orthotuffites. Paratuffites and tuff aleuro-sandstones exhibit a lesser diamond potential. Conclusions. The diamond potential of rocks of the Carnian base correlates well with the pyrope content and saturation of volcanoclastic materials. Tuff aleuro-sand-stones of the Bulkur member in the Osipay base and overlying shell deposits are considered potentially diamondiferous. Diamondiferous formations possess considerable thickness and productive efficiency, thus assuming a substantial increase in the diamond prospective potential in the Russian Arctic.
TDAH em pré-escolares
Authors: Dias Gabriela , Barbirato Fabio
Published: September 2023

TDAH (Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade) é um transtorno extremamente bem pesquisado e com validade superior a da maioria dos transtornos mentais e superior inclusive a de muitas condições médicas (AMA Council for Scientific Affairs, 1998 ). Segundo Thomas Insel, diretor do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Mental (NIMH) norte-americano, os sintomas e transtornos psiquiátricos “começam cedo na vida e são crônicos”. Evidências crescentes nos mostram que crianças em idade pré-escolar (entre 3 e 6 anos de idade) podem apresentar graves problemas de saúde mental, interferindo no seu desenvolvimento emocional. Dentre os transtornos psiquiátricos identificados na pré-escola, o Transtorno Opositivo Desafiador (TOD) e o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH) são os mais estudados. Os estudos sugerem que o diagnóstico psiquiátrico na pré-escola persiste na idade escolar e, portanto, justifica a necessidade da intervenção precoce. A persistência do diagnóstico foi relacionada a uma série de fatores, incluindo baixa coesão familiar, status sócio-econômico e eventos negativos de vida.
Television Viewing and Divorce in Indonesia: Evidence from Macro Data
Authors:   Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Hartarto Romi Bhakti , Hajar Ibnu ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

The rise in divorce incidence seems to be the most apparent social phenomenon in Indonesia during the last decade. As the Ministry of Religious Affairs noted, the number of divorces has increased by 9% to 408,202 in 2018 compared to the previous year. One rationale that may explain this phenomenon comes from the role of television, which has the potential to influence the opinions of society through its programs. In developing countries, including Indonesia, television is still relevant as a medium to reach a large portion of society at a low cost. Hence, this study aims to determine the role of television viewing on divorce in Indonesia. Unlike previous studies, which use qualitative data collected with in-depth interviews at the individual level, we utilize quantitative analysis based on macro data at the provincial level from Statistics Indonesia in 2018. We perform a multiple regression model using the ordinary least squares method and find statistical evidence that divorce rates are positively associated with television viewing, particularly in rural areas. From this finding, the government should regulate media by limiting the frequency and duration of soap operas and celebrity news and by promoting television stations to provide diversified content on their channel.
Life Experiences Represented by Tattoos and Scars on Body Maps of Male Adolescents in Conflict with the Law
Authors: Pienaar Marinda , Van der Merwe Mariette
Published: September 2023

This qualitative study aimed at exploring the life experiences represented by tattoos and scars of adolescent males in conflict with the law. The adolescent participants were detained in restrictive placement at what was then called Special Youth Centres. A case study design guided the research, which was conducted in 2010/2011. Fifteen unstructured interviews were conducted with five participants. Body maps were used as visual data-collection strategy. Three themes were identified from the transcripts. First, the contextual factors that characterised the living situations of participants. Second, narratives of pain and suffering were linked to the scars indicated on body maps. Most scars could be linked to domestic violence, physical abuse, harsh parenting practices, and gang involvement. The third theme outlined the link between tattoos and gangs. Participants expressed the negative consequences of such tattoos and described how emotions triggered them to get new tattoos. Two conclusions can be drawn: families should offer a safe haven to children, but often do not; while gangs offer protection, identity and access to commodities, with negative short- and long-term consequences.
Deepening Resilience in Youth: Learning from an Impact Evaluation of a South African Youth Development Programme
Authors: Mkandawire Sandra , Chapman Sarah
Published: September 2023

Positive youth development programmes seek to actively develop positive qualities in young people through life skills training, leadership training, recreational or wilderness activities, community service, mentoring, counselling and job placement training. We evaluated a positive youth development programme implemented in the Western Cape, South Africa, by following up with graduates who had completed the programme between one and five years prior. Using an ex-post facto, quasi-experimental design, propensity scores were used to identify a sample of successful graduates who has completed the programme (N Treatment = 32) and a sample of people who had applied to the programme but were not selected into the programme (N Control = 33). Quantitative data from the impact evaluation were combined with qualitative interviews with past beneficiaries. The evaluation found no significant difference between past participants and non-participants in terms of resilience, education attainment, employment, self-reported drug use, gang involvement, community integration, family relationships, and involvement in community service. The qualitative findings suggest that while such programmes may be capable of producing short-term benefits for participants, the sustainability of the short-term benefits and their translation into long-term positive outcomes was not evidenced by this evaluation. We make recommendations for improving programme design aspects, such as an emphasis on post-programme services and contextual factors such as socioeconomic climate, and emphasise how these factors need to be addressed in order to strengthen the plausibility of the causal mechanism of these programmes.
The interdural hematoma: A subtype of convexity subdural/dural hematoma with specific radioanatomical characteristics
Authors: Kiss-Bodolay Daniel , Papadimitriou Kyriakos , Hedjoudje Abderrahmane , Duc Christophe , Vargas Maria Isabel , Kiss Jozsef Zoltan , Schaller Karl , Fournier Jean-Yves
Published: September 2023

Background:

Rare cases of biconvex hematomas splitting the convexity dura mater were reported and denominated interdural hematoma (IDH). Due to their rarity, little is known about their radiological characteristics, and in most cases, their invasive management with craniotomy and dural membrane excision is unnecessary.

Case Description:

We report here a case of single burr-hole endoscopic evacuation of an IDH and its complete resolution after the 6-month follow-up imaging. The literature review reveals 11 reported cases of IDH. Most of them are male and the mean age is 65 years (range 51–90). Most of the reported IDHs were misdiagnosed as epidural hematoma or meningioma, and therefore, they have been managed invasively through craniotomy with dural excision. Diagnosis of the interdural nature was confirmed macroscopically during surgery in all cases and histology was reported for 6 cases. Image analysis found a double dural beak sign and biconvex shape on coronal planes, subarachnoid space enlargement at the collection extremities, and irregular thick inner wall as common radiological aspects of the IDH.

Conclusion:

IDH is a rarely reported and often misdiagnosed dural hematoma subtype. Its invasive treatment through craniotomy is likely related to its unknown radiological characteristics. We review and raise awareness about potentially unique radiological anatomy that could avoid unnecessary invasive treatment. Moreover, we report the first case of endoscopically evacuated IDH with long-term follow-up imaging showing complete resolution.
Synthesis of N-acyl carbazoles, phenoxazines and acridines from cyclic diaryliodonium salts
Authors: Clamor Nils , Damrath Mattis , Kuczmera Thomas , Duvinage Daniel , Nachtsheim Boris Johannes
Published: September 2023

N-Acyl carbazoles can be efficiently produced through a single-step process using amides and cyclic diaryliodonium triflates. This convenient reaction is facilitated by copper iodide in p-xylene, using the commonly found activating ligand diglyme. We've tested this method with a wide range of amides and iodonium triflates, proving its versatility with numerous substrates. Beyond carbazoles, we also produced a variety of other N-heterocycles, such as acridines, phenoxazines, or phenazines, showcasing the robustness of our technique. In a broader sense, this new method creates two C-N bonds simultaneously based on a mono-halogenated starting material, thus allowing heterocycle formation with diminished halogen waste.
Simplifying the Temporal Analysis of Products Reactor
Authors: Brandão Lilliana , High Eric , Kim Taek-Seung , Reece Christian
Published: September 2023

The Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP) experiment provides an unparalleled level of kinetic insight into heterogenous catalytic materials, but due to the complex and expensive instrumentation required, its application has been limited to a small group of dedicated researchers. Herein we demonstrate through a series of designs that precisely defined TAP experiments can be performed on systems far smaller and simpler than previously imagined. The pulse reactors described in this work utilise readily available components and so can be assembled, operated, and maintained with minimal training. Using the case study of CO oxidation over a Pt/SiO2 catalyst we show that precise kinetic, mechanistic, and surface composition information is feasible using our single-valve design. With the developments outlined in this work we aim to decrease the activation barrier to TAP and open up the technique to a new generation of researchers.
APPROCHES TO FORMAITION OF MEDIATORS-TRANSLATORS
Authors: Сухова Н.А. , Глазун М.А. , Яхьяева К.М.
Published: September 2023

Рассмотрены подходы к обучению медиаторов-переводчиков: глобализационный, компетентностный, профессионально-ориентированный и системный. Обучение медиаторов-переводчиков является новым направлением в процессе профессиональной подготовки переводчиков. К методологии исследования относятся анализ и синтез изученной научной литературы в области перевода, культурологии, психологии, лингвистики, информатики и медиации по обучению медиаторов-переводчиков с позиций заявленных подходов, а также изучение документов правительства РФ. Резюмируется, что глобализационный подход предполагает владение медиаторами-переводчиками информационной средой, умением пользоваться переводческими машинами и техниками медиации. Системный подход характеризует компоненты системы обучения. Согласно компетентностному подходу выявлены компетенции медиативной поликультурной компетентности. Профессионально-ориентированный подход содержит цели, ценности, умения, мотивы и зоны неудач медиаторов-переводчиков.

This paper is devoted to the approaches to education of mediators-translators: global, competence, system, professional – oriented. The education of mediators-translators is a new direction in the process of professional education of translators. The methodology of the research consists of the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature in the field of translation’s studies, cultural studies, psychology, linguistics, computer science, mediation from the position of declared approaches and analysis of Russian Federation government documents. Attheend of the paper is concluded that the global approach consist of the owner ship of the information environment by mediators-translators, the skill of the ability to use translation machines and mediation techniques. The system approach characterizes components of training system. According to the competence approach are identified competences of mediation pluricultural competency. The professional-oriented approach includes goals, values, skills, motives and failure zones of mediators-translators.
THEATER AND DRAMATIZATION IN THE NATIONAL SCHOOL 1917–1931
Authors: Корсунова Т.Н.
Published: September 2023

В статье в связи с решением современной общенациональной воспитательной задачи «Детский театр – каждой школе» актуализируется историко-педагогический опыт включения драматизации как метода обучения в образовательный процесс единой трудовой школы 1917–1931 годов, анализируется деятельность школьных театров этого периода. Приводятся примеры частного опыта школ, рассматриваются особенности реализации задач, поставленных Наркомпросом, выделяются проблемы и задачи, с которыми сталкивались образовательные учреждения в процессе организации театральной работы. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при организации работы современных школьных театров, при конкретизации воспитательных и образовательных возможностей школьных театров, при прогнозировании практических проблем и выработке путей их решения.

In this article, in connection with the solution of the modern national educational task «Children's Theater for Every School», the historical and pedagogical experience of including dramatization as a teaching method in the educational process of the unified labor school of 1917–1931 is updated, and the activities of school theaters of this period are analyzed. Examples of the private experience of schools are given, the features of the implementation of the tasks set by the People's Commissariat for Education are considered, the problems and tasks that educational institutions faced in the process of organizing theatrical work are highlighted. The results of the study can be applied in organizing the work of modern school theaters, in concretizing the educational and educational opportunities of school theaters, in predicting practical problems and developing ways to solve them.
THE IMPACT OF THE LEADING TYPE OF RESPONSE ON THE PROFESSIONAL RELIABILITY OF LAW COMPANIES EMPLOYEES
Authors: Талашманова К.А.
Published: September 2023

Приведены результаты исследования влияния ведущего типа реагирования на профессиональную надежность сотрудников юридических компаний. Определены факторы, способствующие формированию конструктивного типа реагирования в конфликтных ситуациях у сотрудников юридических компаний, а также выделена модель, которая содержит совокупность условий, при которых выбирается тип реагирования или за счет которых достигается смена ведущего типа реагирования. Определен конструктивный и деструктивный потенциал конфликтности, выделены личностные особенности людей, склонных к различным формам поведения в конфликте. Исходя из обзора литературы по теме исследования, следует, что выбор типа реагирования отражается на качестве и эффективности деятельности. На основании результатов исследования выделена совокупность условий для формирования конструктивного ведущего типа реагирования в конфликтной ситуации.

Presents the results of a study of the influence of the leading type of response on the professional reliability of employees of law firms. Factors of formation of a constructive type of response in conflict situations among employees of law firms have been identified, and a model has been identified that contains a set of conditions under which the type of response is selected or due to which a change in the leading type of response is achieved. The constructive and destructive potential of conflict is determined, the personal characteristics of people prone to various forms of behavior in conflict are highlighted. Based on a review of the literature on the research topic, it follows that the choice of the type of response is reflected in the quality and effectiveness of the activity. Based on the results of the study, the conditions for the formation of a constructive type of response in a conflict situation.