bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação entre as características sociodemográficas e reprodutivas com a autonomia reprodutiva das trabalhadoras rurais
Authors: Dias Ana Cleide da Silva , Triaca Livia Madeira , Santos Iraneide Nascimento dos , Santos Romário Correia dos , Gusmão Maria Enoy Neves , Lacerda Flavia Karine Leal
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: verificar a associação entre as características sociodemográficas e reprodutivas com a autonomia reprodutiva das trabalhadoras rurais. Métodos: estudo transversal, com amostra de 346 mulheres e aplicação da Escala de Autonomia Reprodutiva. Foi realizada regressão multinomial para análises de associações entre as variáveis independentes e desfechos. Resultados: na análise das subescalas “Tomada de decisão”, “Meu parceiro sexual ou alguém da família tem mais a dizer”, “Eu e meu parceiro sexual” e “Eu decido”, as mulheres experimentaram maior autonomia reprodutiva em relação aos parceiros. Para os desfechos “Decisão sobre qual método utilizar”, “Quando ter um bebê” ou “Sobre gravidez não planejada”, as maiores prevalências foram para a categoria “Eu decido”, com associações estatisticamente significante. Conclusões: as características sociodemográficas e reprodutivas entre mulheres mais vulneráveis, tratando-se do contexto social, econômico e cultural que estão inseridas, podem estar associadas a maiores dificuldades para exercerem a autonomia reprodutiva.
A liderança autêntica no exercício profissional do enfermeiro: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Algeri Ellen Daiane Biavatti de Oliviera , Silveira Rosemary Silva da , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski , Costa Maria Claudia Medeiros Dantas de Rubim , Stigger Danubia Andressa da Silva , Dan Cristiane de Sá
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar os principais construtos adotados sobre a liderança autêntica e sua relevância para a prática profissional do enfermeiro. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura no período de 2015 a 2020, nas bases de dados: LILACS, SciELO e PubMed. Resultados: dos 31 estudos analisados, os países que mais publicaram foram Estados Unidos, com 8 estudos (25,8%), Canadá com 7 (22,6 %) e Brasil com 5 (16,1%); houve predomínio de estudos de abordagem quantitativa (77,41%), e 96,8% apresentaram nível de evidência fraca. Emergiram três categorias para discussão: Engajamento/Satisfação no trabalho e comprometimento organizacional; Ambiente de trabalho saudável; Intenção de sair do emprego e desgaste mental. Considerações Finais: a liderança autêntica contribui positivamente na gestão e na prática do cuidado do enfermeiro, proporcionando ambientes de trabalho mais saudáveis, empoderamento estrutural, maior engajamento no trabalho e comprometimento organizacional, além de contribuir para diminuição das taxas de absenteísmo e desgaste mental.
Adaptação transcultural do University Student Depression Inventory para o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Machado Fernanda Pâmela , Soares Marcos Hirata
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: realizar a adaptação do University Student Depression Inventory para o Brasil. Métodos: foram utilizados 6 estágios metodológicas: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, tradução reversa, comitê de especialistas, teste da versão pré-final e envio da documentação aos autores originais para avaliação do processo de adaptação. Os juízes foram 2 metodologistas, 1 profissional de saúde e 2 tradutores. Para o pré-teste, participaram 30 alunos de graduação e pós-graduação. Resultados: os dados foram analisados pelo Excel®, resultando em validade de conteúdo satisfatória, uma escala composta por 30 itens, 3 domínios e CVC total de 0,91. A clareza de linguagem e pertinência prática apresentaram CVC de 0,91 e relevância teórica de 0,90. Conclusões: o USDI-BR foi adaptado transculturalmente para o Brasil, apresentando evidência de validade de conteúdo satisfatória. Após análise de confiabilidade e validade convergente a ser testada nos próximos estudos, equipes multiprofissionais poderão aplicar essa escala em estudantes brasileiros.
Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Venous International Assessment Scale and proposal of revision
Authors: Lopes Mayara , Torre-Montero Julio César de la , Peterlini Maria Angélica Sorgini , Pedreira Mavilde da Luz Gonçalves
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese translation and analyze the cultural adaptation of the Venous International Assessment Scale. Methods: Observational study by employing the Delphi technique and an equivalence evaluation by experts. The results were analyzed using item scores and by content validity index calculations of item, scale, and universal agreement. Results: Three rounds of evaluation were necessary for consensus. Explanatory contents were incorporated into the original scale throughout the process, resulting in a new version: VIA Scale - Revised. This scale obtained a content validity index of 0.96 and a universal agreement of 0.78. In the cross-cultural adequacy analysis phase, a score of 0.77 was obtained. The majority (90.5%) of the participants judged the scale’s decision support property as positive. Conclusion: The VIA Scale was validated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese language, resulting in the VIA Scale - Revised (VIA-R).
Construção e validação de cenários clínicos para capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes
Authors: Silva Marcelo da , Charlo Patrícia Bossolani , Zulin Aline , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Jaques André Estevan , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar três cenários clínicos para capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, realizado entre janeiro e agosto de 2021, em um município no noroeste do estado do Paraná. Foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: construção dos cenários; e validação do conteúdo por experts (n = 12). Para estimar o grau de concordância entre os juízes, utilizou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo, e considerou-se o valor de 80% como uma taxa aceitável de concordância. Resultados: Os cenários de simulação mostraram-se apropriados, obtendo valor médio de 91,6%. No entanto, foram feitos alguns ajustes em sua organização no que tange à clareza na redação das orientações, conforme sugestão dos juízes. Conclusões: A construção e validação dos cenários clínicos mostraram-se adequadas e relevantes, de modo que eles podem ser utilizados na capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes.
Semantic validation of educational technology with caregivers of children and adolescents undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Silva Silmara de Oliveira , Araújo Thamyres Alany Campelo de , Araújo Naryllene Maciel de , Leal Nahadja Tahaynara Barros , Duarte Fernando Hiago da Silva , Leite José Eugênio Lopes , Dantas Rodrigo Assis Neves , Dantas Daniele Vieira
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: Semantically validate an educational technology with the caregiver of children and adolescents undergoing chemotherapy. Method: Methodological study, with a quantitative approach, guided by the theoretical framework of psychometry, developed between March and April 2022, with nine caregivers of children and adolescents undergoing chemotherapy. Educational technology is a digital animation film about the pediatric chemotherapy treatment process, used as a tool for health education. Results: In the reliability assessment, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was 0.936 [95%CI 0.868-0.984] with p < 0.05 and Cronbach’s alpha of 0.943, demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency. Regarding the semantic analysis, the domains related to objectives, organization, language, appearance, and motivation showed an agreement rate above 80%. Conclusion: Educational technology showed satisfactory rates, proving to be a valid, reliable, and important instrument to be used by caregivers of children and adolescents undergoing chemotherapy.
THE ACCESS OF THE STUDENT WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT TO HIGHER EDUCATION: MICRODATA ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION
Authors: LERIA LUCINDA A , BENITEZ PRISCILA , FERREIRA LEONARDO ALVES , FRAGA FRANCISCO J
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT: The Brazilian National High School Examination (called ENEM) is the main instrument of access to Brazilian Higher Education, and its results are also used by public policies for state-subsidized places. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the access to Higher Education of people with visual impairments (PwVi), to investigate factors related to academic performance in the ENEM large-scale assessment, through the analysis of microdata from the 2017 and 2018 editions. Based on the exploratory research methodology, with a quantitative approach, this study investigated the participation, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and the performance of PwVi in the exam compared to participants without disabilities, to identify vulnerabilities in the access of the PwVi to Higher Education. The results showed the low participation of PwVi in the exam, in addition to the fact that they have lower family income, older age, less female participation, and less concentration in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil to participants without disabilities. The performance analysis points out that the PwVi had similar results to people without disabilities, thus demystifying the concept of incapacity related to people with disability. However, the results varied according to the severity of the disability, signaling possible accessibility issues in the exam, thus jeopardizing participants with more severe visual impairment. It was concluded that the education policies of access to Higher Education, which use the ENEM score, do not apply to part of this population, excluded from the benefits of Higher Education subsidized by the State.
A Violência Mora ao Lado? Violência Familiar e Comunitária entre Adolescentes
Authors: Moreira Laísa Rodrigues , Paludo Simone dos Santos
Published: October 2022

Resumo Para descrever a ocorrência de situações de violência contra adolescentes na família e na comunidade, foi conduzido estudo transversal em escolas públicas de municípios do Brasil. O Questionário da Juventude Brasileira Versão Fase II foi utilizado. Participaram 2.860 adolescentes, sendo 58,5% do sexo feminino. Cerca de um terço dos participantes sofreram violência física na família. Na comunidade, 32,7% dos adolescentes reportaram ter sofrido situações de violência psicológica. Situações de violência física ocorreram mais entre meninos, em participantes de 15 a 19 anos e nos que experimentaram álcool ou drogas ilícitas. Considera-se como importante que ações preventivas contra violência de naturezas distintas sejam contínuas e abrangentes, incluam diferentes subgrupos e garantam o suporte necessário.
Genetic parameters and selection strategies for soybean progenies aiming at precocity and grain productivity
Authors: Gastl Filho Josef , Hamawaki Osvaldo Toshiyuki , Nogueira Ana Paula Oliveira , Silva Carolina Oliveira da , Hamawaki Raphael Lemes , Hamawaki Cristiane Divina Lemes
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Genetic parameters and correlations are useful tools in breeding programs, helping to make decisions about the most efficient method of selecting soybean progenies. The objective was to determine genetic parameters and correlations between characters in 52 soybean genotypes, from 4 populations and to select the superior progenies for early cycle and grain productivity. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design consisting of 52 RCF3:4 progenies and three controls (UFUS7010, TMG801, BRSGO7560). Agronomic and yield traits were evaluated. For the number of days to flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity and number of nodes at maturity, a high heritability estimate and favorable conditions for selection were observed. The existence of correlations between the characters was verified with the predominance of genetic causes, which allows the success in the indirect selection. By the Mulamba and Mock method, the highest selection gain was obtained, however, for the genotype-ideotype distance index method, greater gains were obtained for production components, therefore, 15 early cycle and productive superior RCF3:4 progenies were selected with a cycle between 79.0 and 105.0 days and production of 302.5 to 463.0 g plot-¹.
Calibration of chlorophyll hand-held meter based on vineyard NDVI zones for estimation of leaf N content
Authors: Silva Thassio Monteiro Menezes da , Costa Bruno Ricardo Silva , Oldoni Henrique , Mitsuyuki Milene Corso , Bassoi Luís Henrique
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT The monitoring of chlorophyll content in grapevine leaves allows us to evaluate their N status, assisting with the information for the decision make about nutrient rate and application time to the vineyard. The present work aimed to propose an easy-to-use procedure for the calibration of a chlorophyll hand-held meter based on the NDVI homogeneous zones in a vineyard for the device readings and leaf sampling. We evaluated the wine grape ‘Chardonnay’ growing under drip irrigation in a vineyard located in the Southeast region of Brazil. Readings of the relative chlorophyll indices (a, b, and total) were taken in situ four times throughout the 2019 growing season, with the device placed on two leaves of every 40 pre-selected target plants in two homogeneous zones of NDVI previously defined in the vineyard. Subsequently, the chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen contents were determined in laboratory to relate them to the chlorophyll meter readings through generalized estimation equations. The chlorophyll meter is capable of estimating the levels of chlorophyll a, b and total by the models generated with an error of 0.98, 0.58, and 1.47 µg ml-1 cm-2 for calibration and of 1.03, 0.67, and 1.49 µg ml -1 cm-2 for prediction, respectively. The functions developed for the leaf N content present calibration error of 1.49 g kg-1 and prediction error of 3.39 g kg-1, but capable of providing an estimate when error is less than the amplitude of nitrogen sufficiency.
Searching for mechanisms behind meiotic abnormalities in Crotalaria spectabilis Roth
Authors: Braz Guilherme Tomaz , Resende Kátia Ferreira Marques de , Paula Cristina Maria Pinto de , Techio Vânia Helena , Torres Giovana Augusta
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT The identification of epigenetic marks associated with problems in the meiotic process can enlighten the mechanisms underlying the irregularities and the impacts in the genetic constitution of gametes. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the relationship between the pattern of phosphorylation in serine 10 of histone H3 (H3S10ph), a (peri) centromeric epigenetic mark, with meiotic abnormalities in a wild population of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth. The main abnormalities observed were transfer of genetic material through cytoplasmatic connections, DNA elimination and abnormal spindle array. Different forms of elimination (chromatin fragmentation, ring formation, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei) were observed from the early phases until tetrad formation. The eliminated chromatin was either positive or negative for the immunosignal of H3S10ph, so it may be occurring elimination of acentric fragments, as well as of chromosomes with active or inactive centromeres. Therefore, dysfunctional centromere is not the only candidate cause for elimination. The transfer of genetic material and the abnormal spindle arrays are evidence that this population can produce aneuploid gametes and 2n pollen grains.
COVID-19 in working-class neighborhoods of two Argentine cities
Authors: Mastrangelo Andrea , Hirsch Silvia , Demonte Flavia
Published: October 2022

Abstract This paper presents a synchronic analysis of the diseases during the emergence of COVID-19, the management and impact of the lockdown, and how the media narrated these events in working-class neighborhoods of the metropolitan areas of Buenos Aires and Gran Resistencia from March to November 2020. We resorted to quantitative methods on secondary sources to describe poverty and syndemics and conducted week-by-week ethnographic and media research on 38 neighborhoods with water shortages and critical overcrowding. As a result, COVID-19 syndemically emerged with dengue, measles, and tuberculosis, and the preventive measures exacerbated institutional and gender violence, the Werther effect, and the neglect of other illnesses. Ethnography revealed syndemics with noncommunicable diseases and the influence of structural violence on health. The media analysis shows interest in the districts associated with the fear of contagion, but they disappear from the media agenda once dispelled.
The social and human sciences and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nunes Everardo Duarte
Published: October 2022

Abstract This paper addresses the challenges the social and human sciences face in the COVID-19 epidemic/pandemic. This review refers only to a few aspects, approaching the so-called Ginzburg evidential paradigm by stating that “reality is opaque; there are privileged areas - signs, indications - that make us decipher it”. In general, research in the social and human sciences focused on the health crisis is fundamental: First statement: both in the disease spread period and the post-pandemic period. Second statement: the epidemic is not restricted to a viral event.
Construto seres-humanos-com-mídias (SHCM) por pós-graduandos em Educação Matemática e Científica
Authors: Santos Ariwilson Gomes dos , Maia Anderson Madson Oliveira , Souto Daise Lago Pereira
Published: October 2022

Resumo: Com o objetivo de investigar as ancoragens das Representações Sociais (RS) do construto Seres-Humanos-com-mídias por um grupo de pós-graduandos da área de Educação Matemática e Científica, utilizamos questionários para compreender as evocações e ideias dos sujeitos, compartilhadas em uma disciplina ministrada virtualmente em momentos síncronos e assíncronos, seguindo diretrizes do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), em um programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Na construção teórica discutem-se temas que relacionam seres humanos e tecnologias (mídias) em condições recíprocas de influência, em que um modifica/perpassa o outro no processo de produção de conhecimento, o qual é destacado pelo ‘pensar com’. Para tanto, pesquisamos elementos constitutivos destas RS emergentes nas evocações, a partir das ancoragens. Colhemos algumas respostas, que foram analisadas com base no discurso do sujeito coletivo (DSC). Após análises constatamos que o construto SHCM está constituído por duas grandes ideias/noções: o utilitarismo e a suplementação das capacidades humanas e a simbiose entre atores humanos e não humanos.
É possível reabilitar o empirismo no Ensino de Ciências? Virtude pragmática sob a ótica antirrealista de Bas van Fraassen
Authors: Machado Juliana , Rodrigues Marcelo Gonzaga
Published: October 2022

Resumo: Examinamos aspectos da falência do ideal positivista na Ciência e de sua associação com o empirismo, particularmente no contexto do ensino de ciências. Argumentamos, contra uma pressuposição comum neste contexto, que o empirismo não é necessariamente associado ao positivismo. Para isso, apresentamos como contraexemplo a concepção epistemológica antirrealista do filósofo holandês Bas C. van Fraassen: o empirismo construtivo. Destacamos, na obra do autor, sua concepção pragmática da explicação e apontamos possíveis contribuições de suas ideias ao ensino. A partir desse referencial, mostramos que a desmistificação da ciência como verdade é um ideal compatível com o empirismo e que a atribuição de sentido ao conhecimento científico não requer aceitá-lo como verdadeiro.
Elemental composition of Talang Queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacépède, 1801) in relation to body size and condition factor from Pakistan
Authors: Azam S. M. , Naeem M. , Ahmad N. , Yaqoob R. , Khalid M. , Lal V.
Published: October 2022

Abstract Fish is thought to be the most appropriate for indication of toxicity in water. So, purpose of present study was to determine the concentrations of few metals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cd, Pb and Zn) in relation to the body size and condition factor in Scomberoides commersonnianus. A total of 73 samples of marine fish, S. commersonnianus with various sizes that ranged from 93.4-1180 g of body weight and total length 20.5-56.9cm were randomly collected from the Arabian Sea of Karachi Pakistan, for examination of elemental composition. The concentration of Calcium found maximum while Cadmium found minimum in S. commersonnianus. Concentrations of Zn showed highly significant (P<0.001) negative, while Na and Ca exhibited strong positive correlation with the fish size. Correlations of Pb, K and Mg were found least significant (P<0.05) with the wet weight and total length of S. commersonnianus. Whereas, Fe and Cd were remained insignificantly correlated (P>0.05) with the fish size. Condition factor showed highly significant correlation (P<0.001) with all studied metals except cadmium and lead which were found insignificantly correlated (P>0.05) with condition factor of S. commersonnianus.
New antioxidant lauryl-free herbal shampoo formulation with a Brazilian plant extract
Authors: Panontin J. F. , Rambo M. K. D. , Isaac V. , Seibert C. S. , Scapin E.
Published: October 2022

Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate is the main cleaning ingredient in shampoos, even though it may be potentially damaging to hair. The demand for antioxidant-rich cosmetics, on the other hand, has encouraged green cosmetics research. Brazil has vast biodiversity that can be exploited for the production of these cosmetics. This work aimed to develop a minimalist antioxidant lauryl-free shampoo formulation with leaf extracts from the Brazilian plant Hancornia speciosa Gomes. Two hydroethanolic extracts were prepared using different extraction methods, Soxhlet, and ultrasound. The extracts were characterized by the presence of saponins, polyphenol quantification, and HLPC chemical identification of the compounds. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. The antioxidant lauryl-free shampoo was developed using hydroxyethyl cellulose with two concentrations of leaf extract obtained by Soxhlet, 0.125 mg/g (XP1) and 0.250 mg/g (XP2). Along with the antioxidant activity, the physical and chemical properties, cleaning potential, and foam quality were evaluated. The Soxhlet leaf extract revealed a more favorable chemical profile, including a positive result for saponins, as well as a larger quantity of polyphenols and increased antioxidant activity. The XP2 formulation showed better foam height, dirt dispersion, and antioxidant activity. Thus, the use of mangabeira leaf extract appears to be promising for the development of shampoos with antioxidant activity.
Employment of chitosan in the removal of pollutants in fish processing effluents
Authors: Melo D.S. , Barçante B. , Teixeira L.V. , Vargas R.M.P.X. , Silva I.J. , Rodrigues L.S.
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT The significant growth of the industrial sector in recent decades has led to an increase in the volume of waste, which if not properly destined, could cause serious environmental problems. In the context of aquaculture, liquid effluents with a high organic content are generated in large quantities in the fish processing industries, and if their disposal is carried out improperly, serious damage to the environment is caused. The general objective of this study is to evaluate: the efficiency of removal of COD and BOD, in addition to the influence on pH; alkalinity; chlorides; ammonia; nitrite; nitrate; phosphate; turbidity; total, fixed and volatile solids, from the effluent of fish processing treated by coagulation and sedimentation using the natural chitosan coagulant. pH 5.5 followed by pH 6 showed better results for the use of chitosan coagulant in the process of treatment by effluent coagulation of fish processing industry. Chitosan does not act on the parameters TVS, alkalinity, chlorides, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate, regardless of the dosage used. However, it acts on BOD, COD, TS, TFS and turbidity. Thus, the best dosage of chitosan is 0.25 g L-1 in optimized activity at pH of 5.5.
Characteristic of decreased bacterial diversity in psoriasis
Authors: Su Tong , Liu Fang , Kou Cai-Xia , Liu Hai-Bo , Xu Sheng-Jing , Zhang Dong-Yan , Wei-Xin Fan , Fang Chao , Zhang Min
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Disturbance of commensal intestinal microbiota is related to chronic inflammatory dermatosis. We analyzed the diversity of the gut microbiota to characterize the biological variation of psoriasis (Ps). Significant differences of gut microbiome profiles were revealed in murine model with psoriasis by sequencing 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region. Group comparisons included the imiquimod cream (IMQ group, n=8), the imiquimod cream and antibiotics (ATB) (PC+IMQ group, n=8) and the healthy control (CTRL group, n=8). The gut microbiota existed in Ps groups including IMQ group and PC+IMQ group encompassed less diversity than controls, which were attributed to decreased presence of several taxa. The two Ps groups were characterized by significant reduction in firmicutes. In this study, microbiota of psoriasis was defined by an increase presence of Bacteroides. After treated with ATB, we found substantial increase of Lactobacillales but significant decrease of Clostridiales and Coriobacteriales. Relative lower abundance of multiple intestinal bacteria was observed in Ps groups. Although part of genera were concomitantly reduced in both IMQ and PC+IMQ conditions, we discovered the specialty of PC+IMQ group samples was that contained lower abundance of beneficial taxa. Characteristics of gut microbiota profiles in Ps mice were comparable to profiles in patients with Ps, which were related to alteration of specific inflammatory proteins in disease groups but were significantly different from control group. Thus, this study emphasizes the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of Ps and provides new insight for investigating association between intestinal microbes and immune inflammation.
Testicle histology of the Epicrates cenchria: a morphological and reproductive biology analysis
Authors: Bento H.J. , Ferreira A. , Iglesias G.A. , Curcio F.F. , Lima H. A.S. , Araújo T.G. , Kuczmarski A.H. , Paz R.C.R.
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT The lack of information about anatomy, physiology and reproductive biology in many snake species makes the understanding of these free-living animals’ reproduction and reproductive biotechnics application in captivity difficult. The present study aims to evaluate the Epicrates cenchria’s testicle morphology and correlate these findings with environmental aspects and reproductive biology. The testicles of five specimens of E. cenchria were histologically evaluated, and it was possible to observe seasonality in sperm production, with the presence of mature spermatozoa in the wettest and warmest periods of the year, as well as the highest testicular volume in these periods. Correlating these findings with that reported in the literature on copulation period presupposes a prenuptial (or associated) pattern in E. cenchria.
Sucessão geracional e instalação de jovens na agricultura: a percepção de organizações sindicais da Espanha
Authors: Pollnow Germano Ehlert , Caldas Nádia Velleda , Anjos Flávio Sacco dos
Published: October 2022

Resumo A escassez de jovens interessados pela agricultura e as incertezas no processo de sucessão geracional nas propriedades são realidades que afetam muitos países, incluindo a Espanha. Nesse país, menos de um terço dos agricultores são considerados jovens. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é trazer percepções e reflexões sobre o tema com base em depoimentos de representantes das organizações sindicais espanholas ligadas, sobretudo, à agricultura familiar. Para tanto, doze entrevistas foram realizadas, transcritas e analisadas com base na técnica conhecida como análise de conteúdo. Os resultados refletem a construção de cinco categorias de análise: acesso à terra e investimentos iniciais; formação socioprofissional; rentabilidade dos estabelecimentos; serviços e infraestrutura no meio rural; e, políticas públicas para a juventude rural. No agro espanhol há setores dinâmicos e inovadores. Não obstante, a sucessão geracional se apresenta como um tema de importância transcendental. Representantes das organizações entrevistadas manifestaram preocupação com a escassez de jovens agricultores e com o futuro da agricultura. A pesquisa apontou que sucessão geracional, a instalação de jovens na agricultura e a renovação geracional da população rural são questões complexas, as quais devem ser afrontadas de maneira integral e efetiva, sobretudo porque seus desdobramentos afetam à sociedade como um todo.
Retóricas de la acción climática desde el Sur: análisis de los discursos de los tomadores de decisiones de la COP25
Authors: Bravo Gabriel Prosser , Zúñiga Camilo Caro , Arboleda-Ariza Juan Carlos
Published: October 2022

Las Conferencias de las Partes funcionan como plataformas transnacionales para planear e implementar mecanismos para la acción climática. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los discursos del Sur Global en la COP25, con el fin de develar las retóricas ambientales de los tomadores de decisiones. Para esto, se realizó un análisis de contenido temático a 60 declaraciones del alto segmento de la COP25. Así, se identificaron tres retóricas sobre la acción climática: urgente, ética y cooperativa, y dos retóricas sobre el régimen climático: la responsabilidad histórica del Norte y la vulnerabilidad como condición que dificulta la acción climática del Sur. Se concluye que en los discursos prevalece una retórica hegemónica de la inacción climática centrada en los tomadores de decisiones, incapaz de implicar a otros actores y reproductora de las lógicas actuales del régimen climático.
Audiências públicas sobre maconha/cannabis na Câmara dos Deputados brasileira, 1997-2020
Authors: Rezende Daniela Leandro , Fraga Paulo , Sol Aruna
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as audiências públicas sobre maconha/cannabis realizadas na Câmara dos Deputados no período entre 1997 e 2020, a partir de um censo das audiências públicas sobre o tema e uma análise de conteúdo automatizada dos discursos proferidos nas mesmas. O debate legislativo sobre regulação da maconha/cannabis no Brasil, via audiências públicas, se ampliou nos últimos anos, enfocando os usos medicinal e industrial da planta. Como principais resultados, observamos que houve uma mudança no perfil do público convidado ao longo do tempo, ganhando destaque as pessoas pesquisadoras, representantes de pessoas pacientes/usuárias e de agências reguladoras. Verificamos ainda que há uma polarização do debate em torno do par uso medicinal vs . abuso/dependência. Outros temas também se destacaram nas falas analisadas, ainda que menos centralmente, relativos ao cultivo, produtos derivados da cannabis, cadeia produtiva e sua regulação.
The role of assessment in competence-based gerontological advanced practice nursing
Authors: Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah de Lucena , Souza-Talarico Juliana Nery de , Fhon Jack Roberto Silva , Greenberg Sherry A.
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Population aging challenges healthcare systems, requiring gerontological advanced practice nurses (GAPN) to address specific and complex care requirements of older adults. GAPN implement evidence-based practices directed to patients and families, focusing on health promotion and protection, disease prevention, recovery, and rehabilitation. In competence-based gerontological advanced practice, comprehensive geriatric assessment is essential for implementing the care plan. In this theoretical essay we reflect about the role of assessment in competence-based advanced nursing practice directed to the care of older adults. From our perspective, geriatric assessment for a high-quality practice must be comprehensive, multidimensional, interdisciplinary, and planned. GAPN must have solid competencies for clinical skills and caring practices; education for health literacy; collaborative care; system management for continuity of care; ethics, advocacy, and moral agency; and evidenced-based practice inquiry. Gerontological models of care and GAPN competencies serve as frameworks to guide practice while assessment is fundamental for providing age-friendly care to older adults.
Gender and race inequalities in adolescent and young adult homicide mortality rates: a multilevel ecological analysis of Brazilian municipalities
Authors: Aiquoc Kezauyn de Miranda , Souza Ana Mayara Gomes de , Souza Talita Araujo de , Medeiros Arthur de Almeida , Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between adolescent and young adult homicide mortality rates in Brazilian municipalities according to gender, race, and contextual characteristics at the municipal and federation unit levels. Methods: This is an ecological study that used secondary data available from the death records of the Mortality Information System and socioeconomic data from the Brazilian Census. The dependent variables were homicide mortality rates among people aged 15–29 years by sex and race from 2015 to 2017. The contextual variables were related to education, income, schooling, and vulnerability. Multilevel linear regression was applied in an ecological model to verify the first- and second-level variables’ effect. Each variable’s effect was estimated using β and its respective confidence intervals (95%CI) and statistical significance. Results: There was a direct and significant relationship between the adolescent and young adult mortality rates and the homicide mortality rates among adults, regardless of sex and race/skin color. However, this relationship was more pronounced among black adolescents and young adults. At the federative unit level, the human development index was significantly related to the mortality rates of black men, white men, and white women. Conclusion: There is racial inequality in adolescent and young adult mortality from violence in Brazil; the rates are related to municipal characteristics, such as violence in the adult population and inequalities in education and social protection.
CHOICE OF KNOWLEDGE IN INDIGENOUS SCHOOLS: TWO GUARANI CASES (SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL)
Authors: Ghanem Elie , Silva Fabio de Oliveira Nogueira da , Pellegrini Diana de Paula
Published: October 2022

Abstract What social processes determine the choice of the knowledge that circulates in indigenous schools? This question may shed light on the modalities of power that contribute to forging collective meanings of education in local communities. The article presents research aimed to answer this question. We made direct observation of two schools in Guarani territories in SP and conducted interviews and informal conversations with their teachers and leaders. The results describe the influence of governmental conduct, teaching conceptions, and community preferences on the conformation of school work. The performance of indigenous teachers stands out, who produce circumscribed practices of autonomy that, in the small-scale perspective of the logic of educational innovation, overcome the colonialist norm which historically shaped schools for indigenous people.
REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA SOBRE DIRETORES ESCOLARES
Authors: Simielli Lara
Published: October 2022

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar quais são as características centrais da produção sobre diretores escolares no Brasil nas últimas três décadas. Foram analisados 40 estudos, em um universo de 691 trabalhos sobre gestão escolar, publicados no país de 1989 a 2019. As pesquisas foram elaboradas por 65 autores, provenientes de 37 instituições, majoritariamente da região Sudeste, e trataram de sete categorias centrais, sendo a seleção e formação dos diretores a que concentrou o maior número de estudos. Utilizaram, por fim, em sua maior parte, metodologia qualitativa, com foco na análise documental e na análise de discurso.
Genética em Medicina e Enfermagem: percepções de profissionais de saúde envolvidos com o processo ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Moreira Renata Postel , Karam Simone de Menezes , Yamamura Mellina , Avó Lucimar Retto da Silva de , Germano Carla Maria Ramos , Melo Débora Gusmão
Published: October 2022

Resumo: Introdução: A evolução na área da genética motivou entidades de medicina e enfermagem a recomendarem competências específicas aos seus profissionais na área. Assim, professores e preceptores envolvidos no processo ensino-aprendizagem devem apresentar e discutir a genética de forma adequada, assegurando formação qualificada aos estudantes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar a percepção de professores e preceptores dos cursos de Medicina e Enfermagem de uma universidade pública brasileira sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem de genética na graduação. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido com amostra de conveniência, cuja coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário eletrônico autoaplicável. Foram convidados 317 profissionais, dos quais 40 (12,6%) participaram. Fez-se estatística descritiva dos dados, que foram classificados em cinco categorias: 1. descrição, formação acadêmica e atuação profissional da amostra, 2. genética no processo ensino-aprendizagem, 3. educação continuada em genética médica/clínica, 4. genética na prática clínica e 5. testes genéticos. Resultado: Participaram da amostra 28 (70%) médicos, sete (17,5%) enfermeiros e cinco (12,5%) profissionais de outras áreas da saúde, sendo 87,5% mestres ou doutores. Sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem, 31 (77,5%) participantes relataram que sua atuação se relacionava indiretamente com a genética, embora 29 (72,5%) nunca tenham realizado atividade de educação continuada na área. Na prática clínica, dois (5%) participantes mencionaram que faziam história familiar até a terceira geração, dez (25%) relataram que orientavam as gestantes sobre teratógenos durante a gestação e lactação, e 17 (42,5%) afirmaram que encaminhavam ocasionalmente pacientes ao especialista em genética. Os participantes foram, em geral, capazes de identificar as principais características clínicas que levam à suspeição de doenças genéticas, embora algumas situações tenham sido subestimadas, como a importância do aconselhamento genético nos casos de consanguinidade e idade materna ou paterna avançada. Sobre testes genéticos, apenas cinco (12%) participantes relataram que se sentiam seguros para solicitar, interpretar e comunicar seus resultados. Conclusão: Espera-se que docentes e preceptores de áreas da saúde estimulem seus estudantes a articular teoria e prática, incorporando habilidades e competências relacionadas à genética no cuidado integral dos indivíduos. A partir dos resultados, podem ser identificadas oportunidades para aprimorar o ensino de genética nessa e em outras instituições de ensino superior.
Otolith shape analysis supports three cryptic species in the Stellifer punctatissimus complex (Acanthuriformes: Sciaenidae)
Authors: Santos Jonas de Andrade , Menezes Rafael , Rosa Ricardo de Souza , Ramos Telton Pedro Anselmo
Published: October 2022

Abstract Sciaenidae species (croakers and drums) are known for specializations in their sensory apparatus, such as otoliths and lateral line. Within this family, some Stelliferinae members remain taxonomically unresolved due to their cryptic aspects and low phenotypic disparities. Stellifer punctatissimus comprises a species complex putatively formed by three species on morphological grounds, but molecular data have indicated only two evolutionary lineages. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that this complex is composed of Stellifer gomezi (GM), S. menezesi (MN), and S. punctatissimus (PC), using the otolith shape and morphology to differentiate them. Seventy-seven sagittal otoliths (GM = 30, MN = 30, PC = 17) were photographed to outline the otolith contour by Elliptical Fourier descriptors. Ten otoliths for each group were used to detect shape variation in the sulcus acusticus through semilandmarks. Differences in otolith shape contour were recorded among the species by PERMANOVA (Pseudo-F = 4.02, df = 2, p < 0.001) and corroborated by the Linear Discriminant Analysis, which demonstrated three partially segregated groups with satisfactory re-classification rates. A larger sulcus acusticus (GM and MN), rounded projection (PC), and distinct rectangularity pattern were also recorded. Our results support the morphological hypothesis and thus contribute to narrowing the taxonomic gaps in Sciaenidae.
Rocky reef fish biodiversity and conservation in a Brazilian Hope Spot region
Authors: Machado Augusto A. , Moraes Fernando C. de , Aguiar Aline A. , Hostim-Silva Mauricio , Santos Luciano N. , Bertoncini Áthila A.
Published: October 2022

Abstract Coastal islands of Grande Rio, located south Rio de Janeiro and Maricá cities have been under multiple anthropogenic impacts. Despite these problems, these insular systems shelter a high diversity of fish species. Reef fishes are essential components of tropical marine coastal communities, also providing food and income for millions of people around the world. In this work, we generated an updated checklist from Cagarras Islands Natural Monument and surrounding areas based on fisheries data, literature records and multiple sampling techniques, including the Submersible Rotating Video technique, used for the first time in Brazil. We present an inventory of 282 fish species representing 91 different families, with 21 new records for the study area, including a non-native species (Heniochus acuminatus). In addition, our results show a moderate endemism level for the Brazilian province (approximately 6.0%), while 10.5% of species are assigned to one of IUCN’s threatened categories. Our efforts show the fish biodiversity scenario and their distribution on coastal islands more than 10 years after the Cagarras Islands Natural Monument establishment, reinforcing the importance of monitoring research programs for the management of this Marine Protected Area and surrounding waters, that play a key role for artisanal fisheries.
Muros que hablan: la interculturalidad de una ciudad del caribe colombiano en el Muralismo y el Street art
Authors: Pérez Olga Caro , Fontalvo-Ortiz Angie , Acevedo-Merlano Álvaro , Quintero-León Margarita
Published: October 2022

Resumen El presente artículo pretende la construcción de imaginarios sociales en la Región Caribe de Colombia, representados en el Muralismo y el Street art, tomando como caso central a la ciudad de Barranquilla. Además, se exploran las transformaciones que han generado este tipo de movimientos en la reconfiguración del espacio urbano y tejido social, al ser utilizado como un instrumento de comunicación intercultural que busca sentar una crítica e impactar al transeúnte del común. Para ello, se realizó desde una metodología cualitativa la revisión teórica que va desde la relación entre comunicación y arte, procesos interculturales, imaginarios sociales, hasta la revisión del estado del arte de estas expresiones. Se analizaron los resultados obtenidos de las entrevistas con algunos de sus representantes, quienes manifiestan cómo a través del arte han sido participes de la construcción de nuevos relatos; asimismo, mencionan algunas de las temáticas que más los inspiran, la intencionalidad que buscan lograr por medio de sus obras, y también cómo ha sido la experiencia al realizar intervenciones de manera independiente o con financiamiento económico, sentando las bases de una discusión centrada en cómo el apoyo de entidades públicas y privadas puede limitar los discursos de dichos relatos.
A Research Idea that makes the Educational Language Stutter: research-teaching of difference against the myth of castes
Authors: Heuser Ester Maria Dreher
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT The article deals with the first condition for the creation and updating of the idea of research-teaching of difference invented by Sandra Corazza, with which she rebelled against the national consensus that research is carried out in post-graduate studies – genesis of the myth that divides education into two castes: on the one hand, there are the rare intellectuals who research and, on the other, there is a large mass of professors who only teach. It defends, presents and exemplifies that the invention of the idea of research-teaching had as a condition a specific relationship with the pedagogical language: making it stutter by inserting in it the schizo-writing procedure, whose result was the production of dissonant effects to the consensus and the expansion of the language borders.
Perception of speech therapy and education students about their experiences and practices in reading and writing academic genre texts
Authors: Guarinello Ana Cristina , Oliveira Thiago Mathias de , Silva Lilian dos Santos da , Santos Vera Lucia Pereira Dos , Morais Everton Adriano de , Vieira Sammia Klann , Massi Giselle , Berberian Ana Paula
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose to analyze the perception of Speech-Therapy and Education undergraduates regarding their experiences and practices in reading and writing texts from academic discourse genres. Methods It´s a mixed crosscut study, with data collected by the application of a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions about students’ relation towards reading and writing of academic texts, their difficulties in the use of these genres and how they cope with such difficulties. Results The results show that a significant number of the students assume that they have some difficulty in reading and writing these discourse genres in academic settings, which may be an indication of gaps in working with reading and writing during previous educational levels. Some of these students even blame themselves for not effectively following the reading and writing proposals in higher education, implying that this is due to an intrinsic disorder. Conclusion The data allow us to state that, despite the increase in the number of students in higher education, many still feel excluded from academic life, especially for not using academic discourse genres in a proficient way. It is the University responsibility, along with all actors involved in higher education, to promote actions that consider the right to education for all students.
A Construção de Capacidades Estatais em Políticas de Infraestrutura: Demandas Socioambientais e Heterogeneidades Estatais
Authors: Pereira Ana Karine , Mertens Frédéric , Abers Rebecca
Published: October 2022

RESUMO No Brasil, parcela significativa dos investimentos recentes em projetos de infraestrutura tem como foco a construção de usinas hidrelétricas na região Amazônica. A execução dessas obras requer robustas capacidades estatais, existindo fragilidades estatais para atender às demandas socioambientais de grupos vulneráveis afetados por esses empreendimentos. Este artigo examina a incorporação dessas demandas no processo decisório e de implementação da usina de Belo Monte, localizada no Estado do Pará. Para tal, partimos de uma concepção de capacidade estatal que a relaciona com o processamento de diversos interesses pelas burocracias estatais. O modelo de análise define três dimensões de capacidades estatais – participativa, decisória, e de coordenação intersetorial –, cuja construção é influenciada pelos arranjos institucionais, legado histórico-institucional e padrão relacional entre burocracias e grupos sociais. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluem análise de redes sociais; pesquisa documental; e entrevistas com atores-chave. Conclui que as condições que influenciam a construção de capacidades estatais alcançam as burocracias estatais de forma heterogênea, o que dificulta a incorporação das demandas socioambientais das populações vulneráveis.