bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multistage Evolution of Proterozoic Crust of East Antarctica by the Example of the Filla Terrane (Rauer Islands): New Geological and Isotope Data
Authors: Alekseev N.L. , Kamenev I.A. , Mikhalskyd E.V. , Larionov A.N. , Kapitonov I.N. , Bogomolov E.S. , Egorov M.S.
Published: May 2021

—The paper presents new data on the Rauer Islands, one of the unique objects of the East Antarctic Shield. The interest in this area is triggered by its complex geologic structure, including both Archean and Proterozoic fragments of the Earth’s crust, and by its multiphase formation. A detailed scheme of the geologic structure of the area is proposed, new petrologic complexes are revealed, and the stages of tectonomagmatic activity at ~1400–1320 Ma and 1150 Ma are reliably dated. This serves as a factual basis for comparison the study area with other regions of East Antarctica. Based on the geological and isotope data obtained, the Meso–Neoproterozoic Filla Terrane in the area of the Rauer Islands is recognized. It is composed of metamorphic and primarily intrusive rocks, whose protoliths formed in the time interval 1400–950 Ma. Three periods of tectonothermal activity have been established in the Filla Terrane: Mid-Mesoproterozoic (1400–1320 Ma), Meso–Neoproterozoic (1150–886 Ma), and early Cambrian (536–504 Ma). The first period is the formation time of Mesoproterozoic crust, and it is time-correlated with the tectonogenesis phase in the adjacent Rayner province. The second period corresponds to the later phase of tectonothermal activity in the Rayner province. In the Filla Terrane, this period can be divided into two intervals, 1150–1100 Ma and 1010–886 Ma. The former interval is treated as intense crustal growth in the course of granitoid and mantle magmatism. The latter interval is a period of tectonothermal processes accompanied by intense deformations, high-temperature metamorphism, and intrusion of porphyritic granitoids. Apparently, the gap between the first and the second intervals is the time of deposition of the sedimentary protolith of paragneisses, which, together with the surrounding rocks, underwent high-temperature metamorphism and deformations at 950–914 Ma. The synchronous evolution of the Archean block and the Filla Terrane began at least within 1100–1000 Ma. The youngest, early Cambrian period of tectonic activity coincides with the development of local low-temperature mylonite zones and the intrusion of synkinematic pegmatite veins. Thus, the tectonothermal evolution of the Filla Terrane includes almost the same main phases of crustal growth and transformation as the Rayner province. This indicates that the Filla Terrane is a fragment of the Rayner province, which accreted to the Archean terrane at least in the late Mesoproterozoic.
Digital design and technology and market outreach in rural Zimbabwe
Authors: Moyo Patience , Tengeh Robertson
Published: May 2021

Despite producing top of the range products and services, entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe's rural Gokwe face limited access to markets. Access to local and regional trading markets is further aggravated by inadequate technological infrastructure and financial resources to carry out business activities. Aim: This article investigates the role of digital design and technology in expanding market outreach in Zimbabwe. Methods: A mixed methods research design was adopted. The qualitative data, obtained from semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion, was analysed through thematic analysis. The quantitative data was obtained from the administration of a questionnaire and used to corroborate the findings of the qualitative tool. Results: The findings revealed that while digital design and technology had little effect on identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and communicating with potential customers in Gokwe, there were clear signs that plans were being made to integrate digital technology and internet connectivity in at least one sector of the rural economy of the district. Implications: The findings may provide vital information for rural entrepreneurs and policymakers looking to benefit from the digital revolution. Recommendation: The paper encourages the use of digital marketing and advertising to take advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities.
Investigating career progression experiences of women into top management at a South African bank
Authors: Kobus-Olawale Judy , Schachtebeck Chris , Dhanpat Nelesh
Published: May 2021

Despite South Africa’s progressive and comprehensive labour legislation that promotes gender equality in the workplace, this goal has not been fully achieved as yet. This is particularly evident when comparing managerial ranks, particularly in top management at South African banks. This phenomenon is still present today despite overwhelming evidence, supporting the benefits of a diverse management team. This study, therefore, explores the factors, influencing the underrepresentation of women in top management. Therefore, the main objective was to determine the challenges women face in progressing into top management at a South African bank. The study used a qualitative research approach in the form of a case study at one of the largest South African banks. The population for the study included women in top and senior management of the case study bank. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed through Atlast T. I. Findings indicate that poor career progression prospects exist, mainly hampered by organisational structure, lack of sponsorship and a hostile working environment. The study adds to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into barriers to women's progression in the financial services sector and providing practical implementation measures to promote career progression for women.
Motivation problems of corrective motor-play activity of children with psychomotor disorders and possible ways of their solution
Authors: Biesieda Volodymyr
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes one of the main problems of physical rehabilitation of children with psychomotor disorders – the problem of motivation in corrective motor activity. This determined the aim – to determine the main directions of the motivational sphere formation in the process of correctional play activity of children with psychomotor disorders.

The following research methods were used: the method of analysis, which made it possible to identify the main characteristics and types of motivational support of children for various types of activity; the method of pedagogical observations and the method of synthesis revealed the powerful method of motivating – theatricalization of the correctional process using physical education.

The research results were expressed in the definition of the concepts: motive, motivational field, motivational impulse, which are the components of the concept of motivation, the variety of which is defined in four types.

There were made following conclusions:

The motivation of corrective motor-play activity is based on the unconscious influences of the unconscious, caused by the external use by the teacher of the corresponding children's fairy-tale archetypes and the emotional experiences, caused by them.

One of the main methods of increasing motivation is the use of the possibilities of pedagogical "drama" in the form of a method of dosed dramatization of the motor-game plot of a remedial lesson, which should be considered as a physical culture fairy tale.

For the implementation of effective dramatic motivation, it is necessary to provide points of dramatization of different influence strength.
Do monocyte ADCC assays accurately predict the severity of hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by antibodies to high-frequency antigens?
Authors: Garner S.F. , Devenish A.
Published: May 2021

Monocyte ADCC assays are helpful indicators of the severity of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to anti-D. It would be particularly useful if the assays also accurately predicted the ability of antibodies to high-frequency antigens (UFA) to cause HDN. To investigate this possibility, 14 antenatal sera containing antibodies to HFA were tested and the results correlated with the severity of HDN. Antibody titers were determined using an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT). Eight sera (anti-Hy, -Dib, -Jra -ScI, -Inb, -Wrb, and-U [n =2]) had low ADCC activity (< 28%) and did not cause HDN. The IAT titers ranged from 4 to 128. Two antibodies (anti-Ena and anti-Rh29) had high ADCC activity (≥ 72%) and high IAT titers (≥ 1,024), and both caused severe HDN. The remaining four antibodies (anti-Cra, -Inb, and -U [n = 2]) had ADCC activity ≥ 40 percent and titers ≥ 128, but they did not cause HDN. The inability of anti-Cra and anti-Inb to cause HDN is presumed to be related to fetal antigen expression and tissue distribution. The anti-Inb was further investigated using monocyte binding and inhibition studies. The absence of HDN in the presence of potent anti-U remains unexplained. In general, antibodies with low ADCC activity do not cause HDN, but high ADCC activity does not always indicate severe HDN.
Immunohematology
1996;12:20-26.
A new form of polyagglutination related to Cad
Authors: Leger R. , Lines E. , Cunningham K. , Garratty G.
Published: May 2021

Four phenotypes of Cad (Cad 1–4) have been characterized by a continuum of polyagglutinability and reactivity with lectins, with the strongest Cad+ red blood cells (RBCs) being polyagglutinable because of the presence of anti-Cad (anti-sda) in most normal sera. Over a period of 7 years, a French male blood donor’s RBCs demonstrated polyagglutinability with 50 percent to 70 percent of normal adult sera. The reactivity was characteristic of anti-sda (refractile agglutination at 4°C, 20°C, 37°C, and anti-human globulin test), and was inhibitable by two examples of Sd(a+) urine, but not by Sd(a–) urine or dialysate from Sd(a+) urine. The donor’s RBCs reacted 1+ with Glycine max, but did not react with Dolichos biflorus, Leonurus cardiaca, Salvia horminum, or Arachis hypogaea. The first four of these lectins were reactive with five of five Cad+ RBCs, including one example of Cad 4 RBCs. Polybrene® aggregated the donor RBCs. Dilutions of nine samples of anti-Sda reacted more strongly with the donor RBCs than with normal RBCs. Even though lectin studies failed to classify this donor’s RBCs as Cad, the persistent polyagglutinability and serologic characteristics are consistent with Cad and demonstrate the heterogeneity of this antigen.
Immunohematology
1996;12:69–71.
Severe intravascular hemolysis due to autoantibodies stimulated by blood transfusion
Authors: Chan D. , Poole G.D. , Binney M. , Hamon M.D. , Copplestone J.A. , Prentice A.G.
Published: May 2021

Autoantibodies may cause severe hemolytic anemia, but only rarely are they the cause of a hemolytic transfusion reaction due to the destruction of transfused allogeneic blood. In two patients, autoantibody was detected shortly after blood transfusion. The first case was a D-negative patient who produced an autoanti-Ce and subsequently developed hemoglobinuria and hyperbilirubinemia. The second case was a patient who developed an autoanti-Wrb that caused severe hemolysis that resulted in death.
Immunohematology
1996;12:80–83.
Leukocyte reduction of red cells when transfusing patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a strategy to decrease the incidence of confounding transfusion reactions
Authors: Lumadue J.A. , Shirey R.S. , Kickler T.S. , Ness P.M.
Published: May 2021

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) presents a difficult challenge to clinicians and blood bankers alike. Autoantibodies in the serum significantly complicate serologic evaluation, and necessitate performing procedures such as adsorptions to eliminate the possibility of underlying alloantibodies. In many instances the blood that is issued may be phenotypically similar but remains crossmatch incompatible, generating a considerable degree of anxiety among the clinical staff who are responsible for transfusing the patient. We report a case of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) in which the transfusion of red cells was complicated by a febrile transfusion reaction. Evaluation of the reaction resulted in a significant delay in transfusion therapy. Subsequent administration of leukocyte-poor red cells resulted in uneventful transfusions with a good therapeutic response. Retrospective analysis of the pretransfusion sample demonstrated significant levels of anti-neutrophil antibodies. This case resulted in the establishment of our policy to administer all red cell transfusions to patients with autoantibodies (warm or cold) as leukocyte-poor red cells.
Immunohematology
1996;12:84–86.
Quantifying the loss of ABO antigenicity in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia by flow cytometric analysis
Authors: Popp H.J. , Nelson M. , Forsyth C. , Falson M. , Kronenberg H.
Published: May 2021

The loss of B antigenicity from the red blood ceils of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia is reported. The patient had normal B transferase levels, but had reduced levels of H transferase. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the loss of B antigenicity and monitor the expression of the B antigen throughout the progression of the disease.
Acute hemolysis due to passively transfused high-titer anti-B causing spontaneous in vitro agglutination
Authors: Boothe G. , Brecher M.E. , Root M. , Robinson J. , Haley R.
Published: May 2021

Intravascular hemolysis due to passive transfer of anti-A or anti-B has been a frequently reported transfusion complication. In most reported cases, passive anti-A has been implicated. However, cases of hemolysis due to anti-B have also been reported following administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and during platelet transfusions. In our case, a 6-day-old infant with E. coli sepsis underwent double-volume exchange transfusion for hyperbilirubinemia. Modified whole blood used during the exchange consisted first of one unit of group B, D+, AS-1 packed red blood cells (RBCs), resuspended in group AB fresh frozen plasma (FFP). followed by one unit of group O, D–, CPDA-1 RJBCs resuspended in group AB FFP. During the second infusion, the infant displayed an increase in temperature and hemoglobinuria, characteristics consistent with an acute intravascular hemolytic transfusion reaction. Clerical errors and hemolysis due to polyagglutinable infant RBCs were ruled out. Further laboratory investigation revealed the presence of an anti-B antibody coating the infant’s RBCs. Follow-up testing of the O, D– donor serum revealed an anti-B titer of 16,384 (saline) and >64,000 with monospecific anti-lgG. A second uneventful double exchange was performed using washed group O, D– RBCs resuspended in 5 percent albumin.
Immunohematology
1995; 11:43–45.
A practice guideline and decision aid for blood transfusion
Authors: Littenberg B. , Corwin H. , Gettinger A. , Leichter J. , AuBuchon J.
Published: May 2021

An attempt was made to reduce exposure of patients to blood products by using a point-of-ordering decision support system and strict adherence to a practice guideline, by observing physician behavior in the multidisciplinary intensive-care unit (ICU) of a tertiary-care medical center. Hemoglobin (Hg) level at the time of transfusion, total units of red blood cells (RBCs) per admission, units per patient per ICU day. fraction of patients receiving no transfusions, and incidence of single-unit transfusions covering 628 patients were measured. In Phase 1, RBC transfusion behavior was observed without intervention. In Phase 2, a special order form for RBCs that suggested a transfusion threshold of 8.6 g/dL of Hg was introduced. In Phase 3, the suggested threshold was lowered to 7.0 g/dL and required all trans-fusions that did not meet the new guideline to be prospectively reviewed by a transfusion medicine physician. The Hg level at trans-fusion fell from 8.5 g/dL to 8.2 g/dL (p = 0.008). The use of single-unit transfusions fell from 32 percent to 17 percent (p = 0.001), but there was no change in the number of patients receiving any blood, the total units per admission, or units per patient per day. In this setting, a practice guideline with a point-of-decision support system did not influence blood usage. Intermediate outcomes (such as the level of anemia at transfusion or compliance to a guideline) should not substitute for more substantial outcomes (reduction in blood use or vims exposure) in assessing medical practices.
Biorremediação de água residuária têxtil sintética em um sistema combinado constituído por reator biológico e wetland construído
Authors: Silva Evanleide Rodrigues da , Bueno Lucas Olegário , Vasconcelos Leonardo Gomes de , Golin Rossean , Morais Eduardo Beraldo de
Published: May 2021

Um sistema constituído de reator biológico, bioenriquecido com a bactéria Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03, e wetland construído, vegetado com Typha domingensis, foi desenvolvido para o tratamento de água residuária sintética contendo o corante vermelho Congo. O sistema combinado removeu 96,5% da cor da água residuária, a qual ocorreu principalmente no reator biológico (83,0%) devido às condições anaeróbicas favoráveis à clivagem redutiva dos grupos cromóforos do corante. Também foram observadas altas taxas de remoção de turbidez e DQO (89,9% e 90,6%, respectivamente), enquanto as taxas de remoção de PO4-P e NH4-N foram de 70,4% e 18,3%, respectivamente. O wetland construído removeu, em média, 95,7% de benzidina, um composto carcinogênico que foi gerado no reator biológico a partir da degradação do vermelho Congo, o que pode ter contribuído para a detoxificação parcial da água residuária sintética tratada pelo sistema. Em síntese, o sistema de tratamento avaliado demostrou boa performance na remoção de poluentes da água residuária têxtil sintética.
Tree is Life: uma aplicação no auxílio da resolução de conflitos entre arborização e equipamentos urbanos
Authors: Amaral Savio Guedes , Abreu Lizandro Pereira de , Santos Felipe Gonçalves dos
Published: May 2021

Apesar de todos os benefícios gerados pela arborização urbana (amenização do microclima, melhora na qualidade do ar, abrigo para fauna, redução da poluição sonora), quando tem seu planejamento mal elaborado, torna-se necessária a realização de constantes manutenções, pois ela pode causar diversos problemas na infraestrutura das cidades (sinalização de trânsito, redes de energia, rachaduras em muros e calçadas). Embasado nos problemas desencadeados pela falta de planejamento na arborização urbana, este trabalho objetiva propor a utilização de uma tecnologia auxiliar à população e aos órgãos competentes, na resolução destes conflitos de forma prática e eficiente. O estudo foi desenvolvido em três etapas e mostra a ferramenta Tree Is Life como método tecnológico na proposição de melhorias na arborização. A aplicação mostrou-se como um suporte de suma importância no auxílio da resolução dos conflitos existentes entre equipamentos urbanos e a arborização de logradouros públicos, além de apresentar diversas vantagens em relação à apps semelhantes.
Modelagem do carbono e nitrogênio de um latossolo amarelo distrófico utilizando o Century 4.0
Authors: Silva Helton de Souza , Souza Adailson Pereira de , Nascimento Silvânia Maria de Sousa Gomes , Carvalho Mary Anne Barbosa de , Medeiros Léa Cristina de
Published: May 2021

A remoção da vegetação nativa e introdução de práticas agrícolas aumenta a decomposição da matéria orgânica do solo, adicionalmente, ocorre redução da produção primária pela retirada das florestas, culminando em elevadas perdas nos estoques de carbono (C) e nitrogênio (N) do solo. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho mensurar o impacto das mudanças no uso do solo nos estoques de C e N e avaliar a eficiência do modelo Century 4.0 em simular os estoques de carbono e nitrogênio para as condições da Microrregião do Brejo Paraibano. Para realizar as simulações utilizou-se os dados de um experimento de longa duração realizado na Estação Experimental Chã-de-Jardim, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA/UFPB). A parametrização do modelo foi realizada com os dados de solo, clima e ajuste na entrada de N. Inicialmente, realizou-se a simulação de equilíbrio por um período de 6.000 anos para Floresta Tropical Úmida Montana, para obtenção de estoques estáveis de C e N. Após o equilíbrio das variáveis de saída, realizou-se as simulações do diferentes sistemas de uso do solo e dos tratamentos com as diferentes doses de N (0, 30, 70 e 95 kg.ha-1). A remoção da floresta e implantação da agricultura causa redução do estoque de carbono e nitrogênio do solo, sendo o compartimento lento o que tem maior perda absoluta. A adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho em plantio direto na dose de 95 kg.ha-1 favorece a manutenção do estoque de carbono do solo. O Century é adequado para simulação do estoque de carbono orgânico do solo na Microregião do Brejo Paraibano. Já para o estoque de nitrogênio o modelo não é indicado.
Índice de sustentabilidade para municípios (ISM): um estudo no Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Gomes Júnior Alexandre de Araújo , Martins Maria de Fátima , Aguiar Edvan Cruz
Published: May 2021

Objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o nível de sustentabilidade dos municípios que compõem a terceira Região Geoadministrativa da Paraíba, Brasil. Para tanto, fundamentou-se na literatura sobre sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento sustentável e índices e indicadores de sustentabilidade. Este é um estudo quantitativo, caracterizado como levantamento cujo recorte é transversal, os dados são secundários e a coleta foi feita por meio de pesquisa documental. Utilizou-se dois sistemas de indicadores para a construção do índice de sustentabilidade para municípios (ISM). Os dados foram submetidos a um teste de correlação (Alpha de Cronbach) no software RStudio para verificar a confiabilidade do modelo. Os resultados apontaram que maioria dos municípios analisados está em nível crítico de sustentabilidade na dimensão econômica; em nível de alerta na dimensão social; em níveis aceitáveis e de alerta na dimensão ambiental; em nível de alerta na dimensão institucional; em nível aceitável na dimensão demográfica; e em nível crítico na dimensão cultural. Em relação ao índice de sustentabilidade agregado, constatou-se que o nível de sustentabilidade é de alerta. Este estudo se diferencia na medida em que utiliza indicadores de dois índices de sustentabilidade próprios para municípios para a construção do ISM. Contribui-se para a literatura na medida em que apresenta um índice de sustentabilidade para municípios. No nível prático, entende-se que os resultados contribuem para lançar luz sobre a situação dos municípios analisados em relação à sustentabilidade e, dessa forma, guiar a formulação de políticas públicas e investimentos no sentido do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Selection rules for the S-Matrix bootstrap
Authors: Bose Anjishnu , Sinha Aninda , Tiwari Shaswat
Published: May 2021

We examine the space of allowed S-matrices on the Adler zeros' plane using the recently resurrected (numerical) S-matrix bootstrap program for pion scattering. Two physical quantities, an averaged total scattering cross-section, and an averaged entanglement power for the boundary S-matrices, are studied. Emerging linearity in the leading Regge trajectory is correlated with a reduction in both these quantities. We identify two potentially viable regions where the S-matrices give decent agreement with low energy S- and P-wave scattering lengths and have leading Regge trajectory compatible with experiments. We also study the line of minimum averaged total cross section in the Adler zeros' plane.
The Lovelace-Shapiro model, which was a precursor to modern string theory, is given by a straight line in the Adler zeros' plane and, quite remarkably, we find that this line intersects the space of allowed S-matrices near both these regions.
The Kurdish Prophet Nahum and His Attitude Towards Nineveh
Authors: BUTT Aviva
Published: May 2021

Naḥūm was a Kurdish Jewish prophet who lived in northern Syria in the period of the Assyrian conquests and internecine wars over 2,500 years ago. Part of Naḥūm’s long poem, which is in the Kurdish-Persian genre Shāḥnāma has since been included in the canonized Hebrew Bible. The first chapter of the Book of Naḥūm, henceforth Section I is a song of praise (panegyric) introducing the main protagonist – in this case HaShem. Section II and Section III of Naḥūm’s Book carry on with narrative still in the genre Kurdish Shāḥnāma. However, instead of an ensuing lengthy tale, Section III winds up with a few lines of “conclusion,” written by another hand.
Trends of Anticholinergics and Antipsychotics Prescribing at Chainama Hills College Hospital, Lusaka-Zambia
Authors:   University of Zambia, School of Medicine, T Bwalya Francisca , Mwanza James ,   University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Ravi Paul ,   University of Zambia, School of Medicine
Published: May 2021

Introduction:Antipsychotics are the main pharmacological treatment for psychosis. Anticholinergic drugs are sometimes prescribed with antipsychotics to treat or as prophylaxis for extrapyramidal side effects. Antipsychotic treatment guidelines recommend that anticholinergics should not be prescribed indiscriminately as prophylaxis for extrapyramidal side effects to patients using antipsychotic drugs, but only when there is high risk or evidence of extrapyramidal side effects, as they can cause significant central and peripheral side effects which have a potential to affect treatment outcomes. The objective of the study was to assess the trends in the prescribing of antipsychotics and anticholinergics.Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. An open-ended questionnaire was administered to 26 prescribers and 311 files for patients were reviewed who had an antipsychotic or anticholinergic drug prescribed. The prescription pattern of patient files was compared with theNational Institute for Health and Care Excellenceguidelines as a gold standard.Results:The antipsychotic distribution showed that 76.1% were prescribed a typical antipsychotic, 18.1% an atypical antipsychotic and 5.8% were on both typical and atypical antipsychotic. 28.2% of the patients on antipsychotics were prescribed anticholinergics (Trihexyphenidyl). 46.2% of the prescribing clinicians stated that they prescribe anticholinergics when a patient develops extrapyramidal side effects rather than concurrently with antipsychotics or when a high dose of antipsychotics has been prescribed.Conclusion:The trend in antipsychotic and anticholinergic prescribing in Lusaka-Zambia were not consistent with recommended guidelines. Majority of patients are on typical antipsychotics rather than atypical antipsychotics. Most patients were administered above optimal dose of antipsychotics though polypharmacy was solemnly practiced. Recommend that further studies to explore factors contributing to this trend are conducted.
A Crossover Design for Comparative Efficacy: A 28 Days-Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain of Degenerative Conditions
Authors:   University of Zambia, Kaonga Nchawanagwa , Kapenda Charity ,   University of Zambia, Mwanza James ,   University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Chiluba Brian ,   University of Zambia
Published: May 2021

In physiotherapy practice, a number of patients are known to suffer from chronic pain which results in reduced activity levels, interference in sleep, enjoyment of life, mood, and relations with others. Cognitive behavioral therapy, in this aspect will provide a holistic approach to the available treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy has also been shown to target cognitive distortions such as pain catastrophizing, fear avoidance, overgeneralizing and others, all the while improving physical health, activity levels and quality of life. This study assessed the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of patients with chronic pain at the University Teaching Hospitals in Zambia. A randomized clinical trial utilizing a crossover design was utilized for the study. A random sample of 32 participants was used in the study after fulfilling the study criteria. Data was analyzed using ANCOVA with alpha of 0.05. The study recorded small effects in the reduction of pain intensity in both phase one and two. In phase one, it also recorded small effects in general work interference, sleep interference and enjoyment of life interference but recorded medium effects in normal work interference and mood interference. Phase two of the study recorded small effect size in reduction of general work interference, normal work interference, mood interference, relations with others interference, sleep interference and Enjoyment of Life interference. Cognitive behavioral therapy ensures the management of chronic pain addresses areas in which an individual is affected by pain and which in turn exacerbate the chronic pain. Physiotherapy provides a more holistic approach when used in conjunction with cognitive behavioral therapy.
Global Competition and Small Business in the Light of 4th Industrial Revolution
Authors: Pavlova L. N.
Published: May 2021

The article analyses global experience dealing with attaining competitiveness of companies of small and medium business, studies forms, methods, specific features, goals of the new stage of shaping demand and supply on the basis of achievements of the 4th industrial revolution. The author highlights the role and place of certain countries in the development of global competition through figures of economic growth, export of goods and services and proportion of the population. The forecast of global economy growth rate in the post-pandemic period is important for researching changes in the global economy structure and trends of the global competition development. Characteristic features and indications of the new stage of the industrial revolution were analyzed as they have serious impact on small business by providing opportunities for fast growth in competitiveness. The author distinguishes different groups of risks typical of the 4th industrial revolution, which could influence seriously small entrepreneurship in the world. The impact of external global factors on shaping entrepreneurial psychology and behavior was revealed, as well as on forms and methods of managing small and medium business by integrated criteria approach. The role of state regulation in global competition and its influence on small business segment were investigated. Special attention was paid to state regulation and measures of supporting small and medium business in China. Information about finance and credit tools for supporting small and medium business in different countries was analyzed. Concrete recommendations were given dealing with best world practices of using achievements of the 4th industrial revolution in operation of companies of small and medium business and with infrastructure development, which could solve problems of capital raising. The problem was researched in view of goals set within the frames of national projects, including labour productivity and business profitability increase. The situation in the field of finance support of small entrepreneurship was studied in connection with pandemic conditions within the frames of effective infrastructure, new programs and accumulated experience. For comparison information about Russia and the US was used.
Managing Investment Programs оf Electric Power Companies
Authors: Vedenyev K. E.
Published: May 2021

In the situation of digitalization of finance and economic processes to create and increase values and investment appeal corporations are obliged to acquire new sources of capital stock, to build up accumulations and keep them on the optimal level. Investment programs of electric power companies are personified know-how with simultaneous administrative control over prices for products put out by them. Each company continuously looks for sources of long-term investment by developing investment strategies appealing for investors, for the development of own business and tries to earn finance, social capital and reputation. Electric power companies usually have a big share of state ownership, which is controlled with difficulties, especially when horizontal transfers of this ownership go on. The goal of the article is to substantiate the model of technological price control of investment processes at electric power companies, which stipulates evaluation of capital structure and accumulation processes and investment practice of efficiency support, first of all for protection of their interests. For companies investment is a key driver of development, it gives an opportunity to extend business, enter new markets, modernize production and equipment and change ideology of personnel, therefore, companies always do their best to attract investors. The target model of exercising technological and price control of the investment program at electric power companies demonstrates the necessary conditions of balancing dynamic pricing for company products, its securities and management strategy with capital value and keeping it on the optimum level when evaluating investment project efficiency. In world practice there is a sufficient number of methods and algorithms to control investment programs and business, however finance environment, methods and criteria of evaluation evolve and tools of audit and analysis change.
The Priority of Building Ecological Transport System in Metropolises: Obstacles, Methods and Opportunities
Authors: Suliman Nawras
Published: May 2021

The article shows efficient ways of cutting the negative impact of transportation on the environment in metropolises as tools of passing-over to sustainable transportation system. The author identifies key ecological problems in metropolises – consequences of using transport, in particular, CO2 transport emissions are studied in view of their volumes and changes that took place during the last 5 years. It was revealed that all over the world transport damages the environment much more seriously than other industries. The author analyzed advanced methods of passing over from traditional to sustainable transport in different aspects (technical, infrastructural and cultural) in order to protect the environment in metropolises with due regard to economic interests. A lot of obstacles were found, such as time, mode of modern life in metropolises, inter-sectoral nature of transport, etc., which hinder the process of shaping sustainable transport systems in metropolises. As a result of the research the author confirms the necessity to work out a sustainable transport system, in spite of complexity of the process. Apart from that, three variants of shaping sustainable transport system were put forward: basic, standard and advanced.
Development Prospects of Education System in Russia
Authors: Yarnykh E. A. , Davletshina L. A. , Agentova G. V.
Published: May 2021

The article studies the situation in the education system ofRussiaand lines of upgrading this system in view of country economy rising to a new stage of development, i.e. digitalization of all economic processes. As information technologies grow, unskilled labour becomes a thing of the past and is being replaced by intellectual labour. A lot of specialties that can be replaced by workers using digital technologies are neglected by labour market. The key goal of higher school today is to develop concepts of new specialties, which in its turn requires designing of new programs of teaching, competences, curriculums, etc. Upgrading the education system should be carried out on the basis of all positive achievements of the past. The authors present statistic measurement of education processes and identify stages of transformations and reforms of the education system. Education is a part of our life, which in the future can prove, whether our society will be prosperous and life standard of people will change.
Business-Ecosystem Determinants
Authors: Kukushkin S. N.
Published: May 2021

In specialized literature different trends of economic research and theories formed within the frames of these trends would compete and sometimes even eliminate each other. In reality they supplement each other by providing an opportunity to understand the behavior of the object or the process. Different approaches in proposed theories help us analyze deeply and comprehensively the object or the process, which is usually impossible within the frames of one theoretical concept. The article studies economic character of business-ecosystems on the basis of methodological instruments of the theory of market controversy. Business-ecosystems represent inter-sectoral structures, which from time to time cross market borders, but at the same time behavior of structural elements or participants of the business-ecosystem follow certain economic rules that cannot be explained by instruments of other theoretical provisions. The structure of business-ecosystem depends on numerous factors: the choice between narrow specialization and diversification; the use of R&D and innovation to attain the set goals; barriers at the entrance and exit of the business-ecosystem. Versatile consideration of the business-ecosystem is an important problem as it allows us to identify different characteristics typical of such structures.
Forecasting social and economic development of Sevastopol and long-term analysis
Authors: Matushevskaya E. A. , Dаtsenko A. S.
Published: May 2021

The efficiency of state governance can be attained only on the basis of developing new systems of informational-analytical support, through which it could be possible to reach completeness and accuracy of information and to make and implement managerial decisions at all level of state power. The article studies mechanism of informational-analytical support of forecasting social and economic development of the city of Sevastopol’. On the basis of empiric research methods and approaches to forecasting social and economic development of Sevastopol’ were identified and a medium-term forecast of social parameters was made. The authors presented the forecast of the index of gross regional product on the basis of correlation – regressive analysis. To forecast social and economic development of Sevastopol’ the following factors were used: the number and structure of labour at the age of 15 +; dynamics of work volume carried out in ‘Construction’; index of investment into fixed capital. This approach can be useful for bodies of state power and introduction of the forecasting model can help settle problems dealing with optimizing state and managerial decision-making on the regional level.
The Relationship Between the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and
Erythrocyte Morphology Parameters Measured by New-Generation
Hematology Analyzer
Authors: Gönel Ataman , Yasak Ibrahin Halil , Tascanov Mustafa Begenc , Seyhanli Eyyup Sabri
Published: May 2021

Background:

There is a possible relation between red blood cell distribution width
(RDW) and various clinical conditions. These conditions can render RDW disadvantageous in its
relation with cardiovascular disease. There may be a relation between the severity of acute
coronary syndrome (ACS) and the percentage of hypochromia (hypo%), percentage of
hyperchromia (hyper%), percentage of macrocytosis (MAC%), and percentage of microcytosis
(MIC%) values measured using new-generation hematological devices.

Objective:

We aimed to examine the relation between the SYNTAX score and the hypo%, hyper%,
MAC%, and MIC% values in patients admitted with ACS.

Method:

A group of 55 patients who underwent coronary angiography with diagnosis of ACS
(STEMI and NSTEMI) and a control group of 48 patients with normal coronary arteries were
included in the study. Venous blood samples were collected in the morning after a fasting of at
least 8 h and analyzed using standard laboratory methods. Hemogram parameters were studied
using Alinity HQ (Abbott, USA) a completely automated hemogram autoanalyzer. Biochemical
parameters were studied using Architect c16000 (Abbott, USA) a completely automated
biochemistry autoanalyzer.

Results:

Significant difference was observed in erythrocyte morphology-related tests (mean
corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,
RDW, hypo%, hyper%, MIC%, and MAC%) between the groups. Correlation analysis showed a
positive correlation between the SYNTAX score and MAC% (r = 0.315, p = 0.019). Multivariate
logistic regression analysis was performed for MAC% to identify the independent predictors of the
SYNTAX score (β = 0.315, p = 0.019).

Conclusion:

Changes in MAC% test can be measured in emergencies with new-generation
hematological devices and used as independent predictors of the presence of severe coronary artery
disease.
Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Lethality of Suicide Cases
Authors: Almaghrebi Asma H.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Studies show that the COVID-19 pandemic has promoted distress
and stress-related symptoms in the general population. It has also increased the suicide
rate in vulnerable groups who cannot handle the social and psychological consequences
of the pandemic and the measures in place to halt it.

Objective:

In this study, we compared the lethality of suicide attempts and the methods
chosen between the three months before the COVID-19 pandemic and three months during
curfew and lockdown in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

This is a retrospective, causal-comparative study conducted at King Saud Medical
City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 62 suicide attempt cases between January
2020 and June 2020 were included in this study. The scale for assessment of the lethality
of suicide attempts (SALSA) was used for comparison, and cross-tabulation was used for
the data of suicide methods.

Results:

There was a significant difference (P = 0.003) in the total SALSA score before
and during the COVID-19 lockdown. The scores of the lethality of suicide attempts were
high during the lockdown. No significant difference was found in the suicide methods
selected between the two time periods. However, the use of psychotropic medication
overdose and self-immolation were prominent during the lockdown period.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic is
likely associated with increased lethality of suicide attempts as well as an increased suicide
rate. The development of appropriate mental health services is required.
Long Non-coding RNAs in Heart Failure: A Deep Belief Network Based Cluster Analysis
Authors: Madhavan Manu , Gopalakrishnan Gopakumar
Published: May 2021

Background:

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality rate worldwide, but studied
less for its underlying biomolecular mechanisms. With the advances in gene sequence analysis,
many non-coding RNAs, especially from long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genre are found to be
involved in regulating HF conditions. Recent studies are based on competing endogenous RNA
(ceRNA) theory in which lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA compounds control many disease conditions.

Method:

In this paper, we present a topic model based network cluster analysis to identify the role
of lncRNAs in HF. The network is constructed based on the differentially expressed long noncoding
RNAs (lncRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of heart failure
patients and control samples from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Further, we extend
the primary ceRNA network by adding pathways as additional nodes. Deep belief network
based feature learning is used to extract the features from the network automatically.

Results:

We obtained two clusters where each cluster was a mixture of lncRNAs, mRNAs, miRNAs
and pathways. The analysis included the identification of key lncRNAs, enriched pathways,
and gene ontology terms from each cluster. Based on the shreds of evidence from literature, one of
the clusters obtained was identified to be an essential functional module in HF mechanism. The potential
of lncRNA as a diagnostic biomarker in HF was also analysed.

Conclusion:

The proposed work gives more insight on involvement of lncRNAs in the HF mechanism.
The cluster analysis also brought some significant lncRNA-pathway associations into notice,
which are supported by recent literature. The identification of lncRNA biomarkers can help in the
early detection of HF and discover the missing links in disease pathology.
Detailed Chemistry Studies of 225Actinium Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Kilbas Benan , Eryilmaz Kurtulus
Published: May 2021

Background:

The synthesis of 225Actinium derivatives was afforded by using PSMA-
617, DOTATATE peptides, and EDTMP ligand. Detailed experiments, quality control (QC),
and stability studies were also well described. The radiolabelling reactions were performed in mild
conditions with desirable radiochemical yields and high radiochemical purities.

Methods:

PSMA-617, DOTATATE were radiolabelled with 225Actinium in 0.1 M HCl in the presence
of ascorbate buffer solution and passed through the C-18 light cartridge for purification and
the product was eluted by ethanol-water solution. EDTMP was also radiolabelled with 225Actinium
without using any stabilizer and purification step. All products were well analyzed by R-TLC and
R-HPLC. The stability of those compounds was also studied within the validity period of time.

Results:

225Ac-DOTATATE and 225Ac-PSMA-617 were obtained at the same condition. The radiochemical
yield of 225Ac-DOTATATE was less than 225Ac-PSMA 617. The stability experiments indicating
decay daughters of 225Actinium appeared after T0 +1 h due to the recoil effect radiolysis.
On the other hand, 225Ac-EDTMP was more stable than DOTA-peptide radiolabelled compounds.
225Ac-EDTMP was produced with more than 95% radiochemical yield and 99% radiochemical purity.

Conclusion:

A detailed chemistry study was presented for the synthesis of 225Actinium derivatives
in mild conditions with absolute radiochemical purities and high yields. The experimental results
showed that 225Ac-EDTMP could be a suitable radiopharmaceutical alternative for bone metastases
arising from primer tumors as a cocktail therapy.
Explaining 6G Spectrum THz, mmWave, Sub 6, and Low-Band
Authors: Xie Xianzhong , Rong Bo , Kadoch Michel
Published: May 2021

This chapter aims to provide readers with a general vision of 6G. Firstly, we
give a simple overview of various aspects related to 6G, including inevitability of 6G
research, international organizations for standardization, and also 6G research progress
of some countries/regions. Then, 6G spectrum compositions are discussed in detail
with emphasis on SUB-6, mmWAVE, and Terahertz (THz).
Terahertz Technology Applied in Mobile Communications
Authors: Vickers Anthony  J. , Ran Jia
Published: May 2021

Owing to its ultra-high frequency, the terahertz band becomes one of the
candidate bands for 6G communication. In this chapter, the characteristics and
application fields of the terahertz wave, especially the application in wireless
communication, are introduced in detail. Firstly, the characteristics of the terahertz
wave are briefly introduced, and then the terahertz technology, including terahertz
devices and the main application fields of the terahertz wave, is introduced. Next,
focusing on the application of the terahertz wave in the wireless communication
system, it introduces two mainstream terahertz wireless communication systems,
describes the key technologies, and finally describes the potential application prospect
of the terahertz wave in the wireless mobile communication system.
Applications and Implementations of 6G Internet of Things
Authors: Hong Tao , Qi Fei
Published: May 2021

The Internet of things (IoT) has been the information infrastructure of a
digitalized society and drives the newest wave of industrial development. With the rise
of smart vehicular IoT applications, such as intelligent transport, smart navigation, and
automatic driving, vehicular IoT is gaining some new features that cannot be fully
addressed by current 5G networks. This chapter presents an overview of the vehicular
IoT developing trend and discusses its relationship to 5G and the coming generation. It
also presents some survey results from recent literature on the challenges and
promising technologies for vehicular massive IoT.