bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Assessment of Three Safe Drinking-Water Options in India: Boiled Water, Bottled Water, and Water Purified with a Domestic Reverse-Osmosis Device
Authors: Garcia-Suarez Tirma , Kulak Michal , King Henry , Chatterton Julia , Gupta Arunima , Saksena Skand
Published: November 2019

Indian households connected to improved water sources still need to purify their water before drinking. In this study, environmental impacts of three purification options in urban India were compared: (a) boiling water, (b) bottled, purified water, and (c) purifying the water with a domestic reverse-osmosis (RO) device. Primary data for the manufacture, distribution, and the use of the RO device were obtained directly from the manufacturer. Standard, attributional Life Cycle Assessment was performed using a suite of impact assessment methods from ReCiPe v 1.8. In addition, blue and green water consumptions were quantified using the Quantis water database. Bottled water was found to be associated with the highest impacts for all impact categories considered, mainly due to the production and the transportation of bottles. The preference between the other two systems depends on the considered impact category. Water boiled using the liquefied petroleum gas (current practice of urban consumers in India) was found to have higher impacts on climate change and fossil resource use than water from a domestic RO device. The use of the device; however, was found to have higher impacts on water resources than boiling, both in terms of quality (freshwater eutrophication) and availability (water consumption).
Outdoor Performance Test of Bifacial n-Type Silicon Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Park Hyeonwook , Chang Sungho , Park Sanghwan , Kim Woo Kyoung
Published: November 2019

The outdoor performance of n-type bifacial Si photovoltaic (PV) modules and string systems was evaluated for two different albedo (ground reflection) conditions, i.e., 21% and 79%. Both monofacial and bifacial silicon PV modules were prepared using n-type bifacial Si passivated emitter rear totally diffused cells with multi-wire busbar incorporated with a white and transparent back-sheet, respectively. In the first set of tests, the power production of the bifacial PV string system was compared with the monofacial PV string system installed on a grey concrete floor with an albedo of ~21% for approximately one year (June 2016–May 2017). In the second test, the gain of the bifacial PV string system installed on the white membrane floor with an albedo of ~79% was evaluated for approximately ten months (November 2016–August 2017). During the second test, the power production by an equivalent monofacial module installed on a horizontal solar tracker was also monitored. The gain was estimated by comparing the energy yield of the bifacial PV module with that of the monofacial module. For the 1.5 kW PV string systems with a 30° tilt angle to the south and 21% ground albedo, the year-wide average bifacial gain was determined to be 10.5%. An increase of the ground albedo to 79% improved the bifacial gain to 33.3%. During the same period, the horizontal single-axis tracker yielded an energy gain of 15.8%.
Sustainable Housing: Understanding the Barriers to Adopting Net Zero Energy Homes in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Singh Ranjita , Walsh Philip , Mazza Christina
Published: November 2019

Buildings in Canada account for a significant amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and net zero energy building technology has been identified as part of the solution. This study presents a conceptual model identifying barriers to the adoption of net zero energy housing and tests it by administering a survey to 271 participants in a net zero energy housing demonstration project in Toronto, Canada. Using multivariate correlation and multi-linear regression analyses this study finds that of all the innovation adoption variables it was the construction and design quality that was the most significant contributor to the adoption of a net zero energy home by a potential home owner. This study found that the (a) extra cost compared to a conventional home, b) lack of knowledge about the technology associated with a net zero energy home or (c) not knowing someone who owned a net zero energy home were not significant barriers to accepting net zero energy homes. Our results suggest that policy-makers should promote the diffusion of net zero energy home technology by encouraging housing developers to include net zero energy homes in their collection of model homes, with an emphasis on quality design and construction. Furthermore, engaging in trust building initiatives such as education and knowledge about the technology, its related energy cost savings, and the environmental benefits would contribute to a greater acceptance of net zero energy homes.
The Effect of Housing Prices on Bank Performance in Korea
Authors: Ok Youngkyung , Kim Jungmu , Park Yuen Jung
Published: November 2019

This study analyzes the relationship between housing prices and bank performance in Korea. To this end, using lending growth, return on assets, and non-performing loans as a performance measure, we estimate fixed-effects models for each measure. Major empirical results are summarized as follows. First, fluctuations in housing prices affect the banks’ lending decisions. If housing prices rise, banks tend to increase the volume of loans. Second, fluctuations in housing prices affect the quality of assets owned by banks. Banks’ asset soundness will improve in the case of a rise in housing prices. Third, fluctuations in housing prices have a greater impact on bank profitability when the real estate market goes bust. Our study suggests that in Korea, one of the emerging markets, there is a positive relationship between changes in housing prices and banks’ performance. In particular, banks’ profitability and soundness could be significantly hampered by a drop in housing prices. Therefore, it is necessary to be wary of excessively expanding real estate loans during the period of real estate booms.
PSS Strategic Alignment: Linking Service Transition Strategy with PSS Business Model
Authors: Sholihah Mar’atus , Maezono Tatsuru , Mitake Yuya , Shimomura Yoshiki
Published: November 2019

One of the most promising business models towards economic circularity is product-service system (PSS). Despite its great potential benefits, shifting the traditional business model of a manufacturer into PSS business model commonly refers to service transition and triggers inconsistencies between strategic direction and organization arrangement at an operational level. The absence of alignment between the service transition strategy and the PSS business model is greatly emphasized as a crucial enabler, risk factor and key success factor of the service transition. However, limited academic works have concretely contributed to the strategic alignment. Through a systematic literature review, this paper proposes a PSS business alignment that enables the manufacturer to identify the strategic objective of its service transition strategy and align it with PSS business model. The theoretical version of the proposed framework is redefined and redeveloped through two cycles of action research involving 11 Japanese companies.
Validation of the Satisfaction Scale of Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education with the Incorporation of the Novelty in the Spanish Context
Authors: Trigueros Rubén , Mínguez Luis A. , González-Bernal Jerónimo J. , Aguilar-Parra José M. , Padilla David , Álvarez Joaquín F.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to validate to the physical education context, the Spanish version of the Scale of the Satisfaction of Psychological Needs toward the Physical Education classes of Menéndez and Fernández-Rio, with the incorporation of the novelty, since they contemplated its inclusion. In this study, 1444 students participated (mean = 15.34, standard deviation = 1.12) from several schools in Almeria. To analyze the psychometric properties of the scale, several analyses were carried out. The results offered support for both the four-factor structure and the higher-order model called satisfaction. The analysis of invariance with respect to gender showed that the factor structure of the questionnaire was invariant. The Cronbach alpha values were higher than 0.70 in the subscales. The results of this study demonstrated the reliability and validity of the Scale of the Satisfaction of Psychological Needs, with the incorporation of novelty in the Spanish context of Physical Education.
What Influences the Cross-Border Air Pollutant Transfer in China–United States Trade: A Comparative Analysis Using the Extended IO-SDA Method
Authors: Xu Shichun , Gao Chang , Li Yunfan , Ma Xiaoxue , Zhou Yifeng , He Zhengxia , Zhao Bin , Wang Shuxiao
Published: November 2019

This paper extends the IO-SDA (input–output and structural decomposition analysis) method to decompose the CBAPT (cross-border air pollutant transfer) into different effects, and reveals the status of CBAPT and analyzes influencing factors affecting the CBAPT in China–US trade by comparing China with the US in these factors. This study found that China was a net air pollutant exporter, and this indicates the air pollutants were transferred from the US into China through China–US trade. On the whole, the China energy intensity, China emission coefficient, and import scale effects decreased the CBAPT, whereas the export scale and US emission coefficient effects increased the CBAPT; the influences of export structure, US energy intensity, and import structure on CBAPT were uncertain. The sectoral distribution of effects on the CBAPT in China–US trade was unbalanced, which was mainly concentrated in heavy industry and transportation. The China energy intensity, China emission coefficient, and import scale effects inhibited sectoral CBAPT, and the export scale effect promoted this sectoral transfer. Other effects on the sectoral transfer were negligible. This paper provides some policy suggestions based on empirical results.
Truck Scheduling Problem Considering Carbon Emissions under Truck Appointment System
Authors: Fan Houming , Ren Xiaoxue , Guo Zhenfeng , Li Yang
Published: November 2019

Aiming at the truck scheduling problem between the outer yard and multi-terminals, the appointment optimization model of truck is established. In this model, the queue time and the operation time of truck during the appointment period of different terminals are different. Under the restriction of given appointment quotas of each appointment period, determine the arrival amount of trucks in each appointment period. The goal is to reduce carbon emissions and total costs, improve the efficiency of truck scheduling. To solve this model, hybrid genetic algorithm with variable neighborhood search was designed. Firstly, generate chromosomes, and the front part of the chromosome represents the demand for 40 ft containers and the back part represents the demand for 20 ft containers. Then, the route is generated according to the time constraint and appointment quotas of each appointment period. Finally, the neighborhood search strategy is adopted to improve the solution quality. The validity of the model and algorithm were verified by an example. A low-carbon scheduling scheme was obtained under truck appointment system. The results show that the scheduling scheme under truck appointment system uses fewer trucks, improves the efficiency of delivery, reduces the total costs, and it takes into account the requirements of low carbon.
On Matrix Completion-Based Channel Estimators for Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Ding Mingjun , Yang Xiaodong , Hu Rui , Xiao Zhitao , Tong Jun , Xi Jiangtao
Published: November 2019

Large-scale symmetric arrays such as uniform linear arrays (ULA) have been widely used in wireless communications for improving spectrum efficiency and reliability. Channel state information (CSI) is critical for optimizing massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)-based wireless communication systems. The acquisition of CSI for massive MIMO faces challenges such as training shortage and high computational complexity. For millimeter wave MIMO systems, the low-rankness of the channel can be utilized to address the challenge of training shortage. In this paper, we compared several channel estimation schemes based on matrix completion (MC) for symmetrical arrays. Performance and computational complexity are discussed and compared. By comparing the performance in different scenarios, we concluded that the generalized conditional gradient with alternating minimization (GCG-Alt) estimator provided a low-cost, robust solution, while the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)-based hybrid methods achieved the best performance when the array response was perfectly known.
A Review of the Effect of Trace Metals on Freshwater Cyanobacterial Growth and Toxin Production
Authors: Facey Jordan A. , Apte Simon C. , Mitrovic Simon M.
Published: November 2019

Cyanobacterial blooms are becoming more common in freshwater systems, causing ecological degradation and human health risks through exposure to cyanotoxins. The role of phosphorus and nitrogen in cyanobacterial bloom formation is well documented and these are regularly the focus of management plans. There is also strong evidence that trace metals are required for a wide range of cellular processes, however their importance as a limiting factor of cyanobacterial growth in ecological systems is unclear. Furthermore, some studies have suggested a direct link between cyanotoxin production and some trace metals. This review synthesises current knowledge on the following: (1) the biochemical role of trace metals (particularly iron, cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum and zinc), (2) the growth limitation of cyanobacteria by trace metals, (3) the trace metal regulation of the phytoplankton community structure and (4) the role of trace metals in cyanotoxin production. Iron dominated the literature and regularly influenced bloom formation, with 15 of 18 studies indicating limitation or colimitation of cyanobacterial growth. A range of other trace metals were found to have a demonstrated capacity to limit cyanobacterial growth, and these metals require further study. The effect of trace metals on cyanotoxin production is equivocal and highly variable. Better understanding the role of trace metals in cyanobacterial growth and bloom formation is an essential component of freshwater management and a direction for future research.
FGF23 and Phosphate–Cardiovascular Toxins in CKD
Authors: Vogt Isabel , Haffner Dieter , Leifheit-Nestler Maren
Published: November 2019

Elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and phosphate are highly associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). As the kidney function declines, serum phosphate levels rise and subsequently induce the secretion of the phosphaturic hormone FGF23. In early stages of CKD, FGF23 prevents the increase of serum phosphate levels and thereby attenuates phosphate-induced vascular calcification, whereas in end-stage kidney disease, FGF23 fails to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Both hyperphosphatemia and elevated FGF23 levels promote the development of hypertension, vascular calcification, and left ventricular hypertrophy by distinct mechanisms. Therefore, FGF23 and phosphate are considered promising therapeutic targets to improve the cardiovascular outcome in CKD patients. Previous therapeutic strategies are based on dietary and pharmacological reduction of serum phosphate, and consequently FGF23 levels. However, clinical trials proving the effects on the cardiovascular outcome are lacking. Recent publications provide evidence for new promising therapeutic interventions, such as magnesium supplementation and direct targeting of phosphate and FGF receptors to prevent toxicity of FGF23 and hyperphosphatemia in CKD patients.
Isolation and Characterization of Clinical RSV Isolates in Belgium during the Winters of 2016–2018
Authors: Van der Gucht Winke , Stobbelaar Kim , Govaerts Matthias , Mangodt Thomas , Barbezange Cyril , Leemans Annelies , De Winter Benedicte , Van Gucht Steven , Caljon Guy , Maes Louis , De Dooy Jozef , Jorens Philippe , Smet Annemieke , Cos Paul , Verhulst Stijn , Delputte Peter L.
Published: November 2019

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a very important viral pathogen in children, immunocompromised and cardiopulmonary diseased patients and the elderly. Most of the published research with RSV was performed on RSV Long and RSV A2, isolated in 1956 and 1961, yet recent RSV isolates differ from these prototype strains. Additionally, these viruses have been serially passaged in cell culture, which may result in adaptations that affect virus–host interactions. We have isolated RSV from mucosal secretions of 12 patients in the winters 2016–2017 and 2017–2018, of which eight RSV-A subtypes and four RSV-B subtypes. Passage 3 of the isolates was assessed for viral replication kinetics and infectious virus production in HEp-2, A549 and BEAS-2B cells, thermal stability at 37 °C, 32 °C and 4 °C, syncytia formation, neutralization by palivizumab and mucin mRNA expression in infected A549 cells. We observed that viruses isolated in one RSV season show differences on the tested assays. Furthermore, comparison with RSV A2 and RSV B1 reveals for some RSV isolates differences in viral replication kinetics, thermal stability and fusion capacity. Major differences are, however, not observed and differences between the recent isolates and reference strains is, overall, similar to the observed variation in between the recent isolates. One clinical isolate (BE/ANT-A11/17) replicated very efficiently in all cell lines, and remarkably, even better than RSV A2 in the HEp-2 cell line.
Mechanisms Mediating Nuclear Trafficking Involved in Viral Propagation by DNA Viruses
Authors: Li Guohui , Qi Xinyu , Hu Zhaoyang , Tang Qi
Published: November 2019

Typical viral propagation involves sequential viral entry, uncoating, replication, gene transcription and protein synthesis, and virion assembly and release. Some viral proteins must be transported into host nucleus to facilitate viral propagation, which is essential for the production of mature virions. During the transport process, nuclear localization signals (NLSs) play an important role in guiding target proteins into nucleus through the nuclear pore. To date, some classical nuclear localization signals (cNLSs) and non-classical NLSs (ncNLSs) have been identified in a number of viral proteins. These proteins are involved in viral replication, expression regulation of viral genes and virion assembly. Moreover, other proteins are transported into nucleus with unknown mechanisms. This review highlights our current knowledge about the nuclear trafficking of cellular proteins associated with viral propagation.
Morbilliviruses: Entry, Exit and Everything In-Between
Authors: Bailey Dalan
Published: November 2019

Morbilliviruses are important pathogens, to the point that they have shaped the history of human and animal health [...]
Optimisation and Modelling of Pb(II) and Cu(II) Biosorption onto Red Algae (Gracilaria changii) by Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Isam Mubeen , Baloo Lavania , Kutty Shamsul Rahman Mohamed , Yavari Saba
Published: November 2019

The removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions by using marine red macroalgae (Gracilaria changii) as a biosorbent material was evaluated through the batch equilibrium technique. The effect of solution pH on the removal of metal ions was investigated within the range of 2–7. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique involving central composite design (CCD) was utilised to optimise the three main sorption parameters, namely initial metal ion concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage, to achieve maximum ion removal. The models’ adequacy of response was verified by ANOVA. The optimum conditions for removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) were as follows: pH values of 4.5 and 5, initial concentrations of 40 mg/L, contact times of 115 and 45 min, and biosorbent dosage of 1 g/L, at which the maximum removal percentages were 96.3% and 44.77%, respectively. The results of the adsorption isotherm study showed that the data fitted well with the Langmuir’s model for Pb(II) and Cu(II). The results of the adsorption kinetic study showed that the data fitted well with the pseudo-second order model for Pb(II) and Cu(II). In conclusion, red alga biomass exhibits great potential as an efficient low-cost sorbent for removal of metal ions.
Comparative Study of the Oxidative Degradation of Different 4-Aminobenzene Sulfonamides in Aqueous Solution by Sulfite Activation in the Presence of Fe(0), Fe(II), Fe(III) or Fe(VI)
Authors: Acosta-Rangel A. , Sánchez-Polo M. , Rozalen M. , Rivera-Utrilla J. , Polo A.M.S. , Mota A. J.
Published: November 2019

This study is focused on advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) using the combined effect of Fe(0–VI)/sulfite systems, that produce mainly SO4•− radicals, to remove different 4-aminobenzene sulfonamides (SAs), namely sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, sulfamethizole, from aqueous solutions. Results obtained showed that neither sulfite nor iron alone is able to degrade SAs; however, the combined effect depends on the oxidation state of iron species whose effectiveness to activate sulfite to promote the degradation of SAs increased following this order: Fe(III) < Fe(II) < Fe(0) < Fe(VI). Using Fe(VI)/sulfite, the complete removal of SAs was obtained in 5 min largely surpassing the effectiveness of the other three systems. The sulfonamides’ removal percentage was markedly influenced by sulfite concentration and dissolved oxygen, which improved the generation of oxidant radicals. Response surface methodology was applied, and a quadratic polynomial model was obtained, which allowed us to determine the percentage of SAs degradation as a function of both the iron species and sulfite concentrations. The study of the influence of the water matrix on these AOTs revealed an inhibition of SAs’ removal percentage when using ground water. This is probably due to the presence of different anions, such as HCO3−, Cl−, and SO42− in relatively high concentrations. According to the byproducts identified, the proposed degradation pathways include hydroxylation, SO2 extrusion, and different bond-cleavage processes. Cytotoxicity of degradation byproducts, using MTS assay with HEK 293 and J774 cell lines for the first time, did not show an inhibition in cell proliferation, sustaining the safety of the process.
ESCALA ENRICH DE SATISFAÇÃO CONJUGAL: ADAPTAÇÃO E EVIDÊNCIAS PSICOMÉTRICAS INICIAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Ferrão Lívia Fraga , De Andrade Alexsandro Luiz , Silva Fabio Camilo da
Published: November 2019

Um relacionamento conjugal satisfatório trazdiversos benefícios ao indivíduo, como qualidade de vida e saúde emocional. Este trabalho objetivou adaptar e apresentar evidências de validade de um importante instrumento para avaliação do fenômeno, a escala ENRICH de Satisfação Conjugal.  O estudo apresentou uma amostra de 355 adultos envolvidos em relacionamento conjugal, que responderam a versão adaptada para o português da medida. Os resultadosa partir de procedimentos fatoriais confirmatórios apontaramuma ferramenta composta por dez itens com bons indicadores de validade e precisão (coeficientes ômega e alfa de Cronbach de 0,80 e 0,78). Os resultados apontaram ainda a relação negativa entre satisfação conjugal e stress, além deindicarem aredução da satisfação conjugal em casais com filhos e em coabitação.
Dosage des chlorites par l'intensité de l'exothermie à 870 °C — terme correctif
Authors: Yvon Jacques
Published: November 2019

A method is proposed to titrate chlorites using the intensity of exothermic recrystallization into spinel. This peak is generally sharp and there are few risks of other mineral interferences. This method becomes accurate if corrected by a granulometric term.
Knowledge of Christian Latin poets and historians in early mediaeval Brittany
Authors: Wright Neil
Published: November 2019

Suite de l'élude parue dans Ét. celt. 20 (1983), 161-175 : Six textes hagiographiques bretons attestent de nombreux emprunts à des poètes latins chrétiens, d’abord et surtout Sedulius, mais aussi Juvencus, Arator, Cyprianus Gallus, Aldhelm. Ce sont les mêmes textes qui citent Virgile. L’auteur classe les emprunts en «citations» (ou «imitations»), et en «échos». — Utilisation des historiens latins chrétiens : Wrdisten imite souvent Gildas, parfois en le paraphrasant ; il a aussi utilisé Orose. Son élève Wrmonoc utilise les mêmes textes historiques, qui devaient donc être disponibles à l’abbaye de Landévennec. Les traités historiques de Gildas et Orose, qui partagent la même conception de l’histoire, ont reçu parfois le même titre, Ormesta, dans les manuscrits d’origine bretonne.
L'Asie du Sud-Est, berceau cultural
Authors: Barrau Jacques
Published: November 2019

Chez les Occidentaux, les richesses naturelles de l'Asie du Sud-Est, particulièrement celles de sa flore, ont suscité très tôt convoitise économique et intérêt scientifique ; la constatation qu'y existaient aussi des cultigènes propres à cette partie du monde a conduit à penser que cette Asie du Sud-Est avait été le théâtre de très anciennes domestications, si anciennes que, pour certains auteurs tel Carl O. Sauer, elle aurait pu être un ou le berceau cultural initial. Cette opinion fut rarement contestée faute de preuves suffisantes mais, aujourd'hui, archéologie et ethnobiologie viennent en appuyer le bien-fondé. Reste à savoir si certaines plantes alimentaires de base y furent d'abord domestiquées : les plantes à tubercules, par exemple, auraient pu précéder les céréales — dont le riz — en matière de domestication. Ce n'est pas certain et il se pourrait bien que l'histoire de la domestication végétale dans cette partie du monde ait été aussi diverse que l'est son écologie.
Agriculture et religion dans l'Empire angkorien
Authors: Groslier Bernard-Philippe
Published: November 2019

Agriculture and Religion in the Angkorian Empire

History and archeology show that the Khmers, when they first came to settle in the plains of Northern Cambodia, were strongly influenced by their Indian and Founan experiences. Their initial form ôf agriculture was dependent solely on unreliable rivers and on the much too short summer monsoons. Beginning with the establishment of Angkor in the 9th century, the Khmers underwent a complete agricultural revolution which was responsible for their exceptional development. The basis of this revolution was the "hydraulic city", a vast water system making it possible to stock rain water, impound and regulate rivers and irrigate permanent rice fields, thus assuring both an abundant and stable production. The success of this form of exploitation was also due to their religion, which, though expressed in terms of Hindouism, was actually derived from more ancient soil and water cults.
Agricultures timoraises
Authors: Friedberg Claudine
Published: November 2019

Agriculture in Timor.

In this comparative study, the author tries to discover what relationships may exist among various ecological, technological, ritual and political aspects of certain Indonesian agricultural communities. The following conclusions were reached : (1) there is no parallel between the evolution of agricultural techniques toward permanent land use and better yields and the evolution of political organisation toward centralization of power ; (2) although co-operation exists, no political group ever organizes work activities for the benefit of the community as a whole ; collective efforts, however, often permit certain individuals to work less or not at all (e. g. in some cases, nobles do not participate in production) ; (3) where political power is centralized, a sacred leader is responsible for fertility and receives a share in the harvest, either small and symbolic or large and of economic significance.
L'entraide agricole chez les Mnong Gar (Proto-Indochinois du Vietnam central)
Authors: Condominas Georges
Published: November 2019

Chez ces essarteurs, où la maisonnée constitue l'unité de production, une grande partie du travail des champs est accomplie grâce à l'entraide mutuelle (tâm ôop) par équipes (mpo') tournantes. Celles-ci viennent travailler à tour de rôle dans le champ appartenant à la famille de chacun de ses membres — en général des jeunes gens. Le kôôl («aide ») permet à celui qui a terminé ses propres travaux de recevoir une rémunération en paddy contre son apport de main-d'œuvre dans le champ d'un autre. Enfin lorsque tout le village a achevé un épisode du travail agricole (notamment la moisson), il peut avoir recours, grâce au ja' ma', à l'aide de la collectivité tout entière. Apparition d'un travail agricole salarié chez les chefs administratifs à la fin de l'époque coloniale.
Usage et tenure des terres chez les Lua' (Thailande)
Authors: Kunstadter Peter
Published: November 2019

Land-Use and Land-Tenure among the Lua ' (Thailand).

Lua' farmers in the hills of northwestern Thailand organize their villages around the activities of swidden agriculture. Their traditional farming methods allowed them to conserve their land resources and maintain permanently settled villages with a relatively high standard of living. Since the middle of the 19th century they have faced increasing competition in the hills from growing populations of Karen and Meo swiddeners. They have lost the security of their land titles granted them by the princes of northern Thailand, and have been subject to increasing regulation of their land-use by the central government. Lua' individuals have responded to these outside changes by supplementing their swidden production with irrigated agriculture, seeking wage work for lowland employers, adopting less expensive forms of religion, and by changing their ethnic identity and migrating to the lowlands when life in the hills becomes too difficult.

These responses have allowed Lua' hill villages to reduce population growth, maintain their ethnic identity and persist as land holding units despite continued loss of land. They have done so while losing their position as lords of the hills, and with a steady decline in their standard of living.
Model Data Mining Dalam Mengidentifikasi Pola Laju Pertumbuhan Antar Sektor Ekonomi di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dan Bangka Belitung
Authors: Cholil Widya , Dalimunthi Ade Ramadhan , Atika Linda
Published: November 2019

Salah satu fungsional dari data mining adalah analisis asosiasi. Asosiasi sering disebut analisis keranjang pasar karena biasa digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi item-item produk yang kemungkinan dibeli oleh konsumen bersamaan dengan produk lain. Pada penelitian ini metode asosiasi diterapkan untuk melihat pola laju pertumbuhan antar sektor ekonomi penyusun Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) di wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dan Bangka Belitung. Data yang diteliti adalah data kurun waktu tahun 1993 hingga tahun 2018. Adapun algoritma yang digunakan dalam melakukan analisis asosiasi adalah algoritma apriori. Pengolahan data mengikuti tahapan proses knowledge discovery from data (KDD) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Rapid Miner. Hasil akhir penelitian ini diperoleh dari 17 sektor ekonomi yang ada terdapat 7 buah pola hubungan antar sektor ekonomi di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dan 14 buah pola hubungan antar sektor ekonomi di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi manfaat bagi pemerintah, khususnya pemerintah kedua provinsi, dalam merancang program pembangunan untuk masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini juga dapat digunakan pada penelitian yang lain sebagai referensi pengaplikasian analisis asosiasi data mining di luar data transaksi belanja.
Visual Novel Interaktif Cerita Fabel Kelinci Dan Kura-Kura Pada Smartphone Berbasis Android Dengan Memanfaatkan Framework Fungus
Authors: Serfia Muhammad Irfan , Pattiasina Timothy John , Trianto Edwin Meinardi
Published: November 2019

Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi berkembang dengan pesat, dimana media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan buku mulai ditinggalkan dan beralih menggunakan bentuk digital. Untuk itu, dalam Tugas Akhir ini dirancang dan dibuat aplikasi berjudul “Vino: Kelinci Dan Kura-Kura” yang bertujuan untuk menarik minat baca anak usia 4 sampai 7 tahun. Aplikasi visual novel interaktif ini mengangkat tema cerita fabel yang dikemas dalam bentuk interaktif pada smartphone berbasis Android. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan Unity 3D yang memanfaatkan Framework Fungus. Beberapa fitur dalam aplikasi ini adalah fitur touch dan drag yang membuat aplikasi menjadi lebih menarik untuk dimainkan. Selain itu, terdapat interaksi dalam setiap scene yang digunakan pengguna untuk menentukan alur cerita. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian white box testing menggunakan metode basis path, aplikasi berhasil berjalan dengan baik. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba usability testing menggunakan metode problem discovery. Dari hasil uji coba tersebut, aplikasi “Vino: Kelinci Dan Kura-Kura” dapat menarik minat baca anak usia 4 sampai 7 tahun. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari 10 responden yang memainkan aplikasi berulang kali untuk mencari tahu 3 jalan cerita yang berbeda, yaitu normal ending, bad ending, dan perfect ending.
КОМПЛЕКСНИЙ ТЕХНІКО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ КОНСТРУКЦІЇ ВЕРХНІХ продувальних ПРИСТРОЇВ НА ОСНОВНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ВИРОБНИЦТВА СТАЛі в кисневих конвертерах
Authors: Molchanov Lavr Serhiiovych , Cherniatevych Anatolii Gryhorovych , Vakulchuk Volodymyr Viktorovych , Chubina Olena Anatoliivna
Published: November 2019

У статті наведено результати розрахунково-аналітичної оцінки впливу конструкції верхнього продувального пристрою на основні техніко-економічні показники процесу виплавки сталі в кисневих конвертерах з донною подачею нейтрального газу. Проведення комплексної економічної оцінки базувалося на сумуванні відхилення відносних витрат виробництва, що пов’язані з забезпеченням виплавки залізовуглецевого напівпродукту (вартість основних шихтових матеріалів), без врахування вартості модернізації основного технологічного устаткування. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлено, що при використанні класичної конструкції верхньої кисневої фурми нижча теплота згоряння конвертерного газу складає 10 МДж/м3. У порівнянні з класичною конструкцією двоярусна, двоконтурна та триярусна фурми забезпечують зниження нижчої теплоти згоряння конвертерного газу на 8,5, 4,4 та 27,1 % відн. відповідно. При компенсації зниження теплоти згоряння димових газів за рахунок використання природного газу та врахування усіх основних параметрів технологічного процесу виплавки сталі економія складає 3,23 $ США / т сталі для двоконтурної, 6,81 $ США / т сталі – для двохярусної та 11,61 $ США / т сталі – для трьохярусної конструкції фурм у порівнянні з використанням класичної конструкції.
Высокотемпературные исследования особенностей влияния низковольтного потенциала на поведение шлако-металлической ванны при продувке сверху
Authors: Semykin Sergey , Golub Tatiana , Dudchenko Sergiy , Vakulchuk Volodymyr
Published: November 2019

Высокотемпературными исследованиями особенностей проявления влияния низковольтного потенциала на конвертерную ванну подтверждены тенденции, выявленные на промышленных конвертерах по: влияния положительной полярности на фурми на повышение температуры ванны и ведущая роль характера процесса шлакообразования на величину силы тока в цепи фурма- ванна. Установлено переменный за ходом продувки характер подъема и осадки шлаковой фазы с противоположным направлением для двух полярностей потенциала. Выявлено, что вариант с положительной полярностью на фурме отличался промежуточным уровнем формируемых шлако-металлических брызг, несмотря на визуально наименьшее количество шлаковой фазы, а вариант с отрицательной полярностью - более ранним наведением шлака с наибольшим уровнем его подъема и с наименьшим количеством брызг. Установлено влияние низковольтного потенциала на снижение уровня потерь металла со шлаком: при отрицательной полярности в большей степени с корольками, а при положительной - с оксидами железа в шлаке.
Evaluating Bioactivity and Bioaccessibility Properties of Turkish Propolis Extracts Prepared with Various Solvents
Authors: TURKUT Gulsum Merve , ER Mehtap , DEGIRMENCI Atiye
Published: November 2019

Propolis is rich in polyphenols with a large number of biological activities.
Many researchers currently focusing on propolis attributing to its broad
spectrum of biological activities and thus considered as a functional food. In
vitro propolis digestibility is an important factor on evaluation of
biological activity. This study was designed to assess bioaccessibility
alterations of water, ethanol, and monopropylene glycol
extracts of Turkish propolis by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The total content of
polyphenols was investigated by Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method. Antioxidant
activities of extracts was estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant power
(FRAP) assays. Significant decreases were found in the total phenolic and antioxidant
capacities in the digested fractions when compared to the undigested
extracts. Approximately 87 and 91% losses were determined in the total
phenolic content and antioxidant activity of propolis extracts after in vitro post gastric digestion, respectively.
STUDI PRELIMINARI TENTANG PENGARUH D-GALAKTOSA DALAM MENGINDUKSI STRES OKSIDATIF PADA MENCIT JANTAN GALUR OUTBRED FK USU
Authors: Bintang Siti Sarah Bintang Sarah , Siregar Yahwardiah , Ichwan Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Oxidative stress occurs due to imbalance of free radicals over antioxidant level in the body. This condition causes lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. D-Galaktosa is The mechanism of oxidative stress induced by d-galactose occurs in the subcellular, especially in the brain's mitochondria. Increasing the concentration of d-galaktosa is oxidized by galaktosa oxidase to form hydrogen peroxide (H202) which causes a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD). H202 reacts with reduced iron and forms hydroxide ions (OH-).

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of d-galaktosa induction on oxidative stress levels (MDA) in male mice.

Methods: Methods of samples of mice given d-galaktosa and blood collection from the heart were carried out at the Pharmacology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra.

Results: The results showed that administration of d-galaktosa, through intraperitonial injection every day for 6 weeks, had an effect on the levels of oxidative stress in male mice.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that administration of d-galaktosa, through intraperitonial injection every day for 6 weeks, has an effect on levels of oxidative stress in male mice.
UJI SENYAWA FLAVONOID TOTAL DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA BINARA (Artemisia annua) MENGGUNAKAN HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) TAHUN 2019
Authors: Sinurat Jhon Patar , Purba Novandi , Marbun Romauli Anna Teresia
Published: November 2019

ABSTRAK

Herba binara (Artemisia Annua) is one of the plants that contains flavonoids which are efficacious as antioxidants and anticancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the total flavonoid compounds contained in ethanol extract of binara herbs (Artemisia Annua). Compounds in ethanol extract of binara herbs were identified by phytochemical screening. The results showed that the ethanol extract of binara herbs contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Extraction was carried out in two stages, namely maceration stage with 96% ethanol and fat removal stage by hydrolysis using distilled water solvent. The extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvents, then the partitions were examined by TLC using the mobile phase of chloroform and ethyl acetate (7: 3). Ribbon patches that have the same Rf and color prices as the initial detection are taken and searched. Then analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Based on the wavelength as well as the TLC test, a partial structure which was strongly

suspected of total flavonoids was 0.93 g.

Kata Kunci :Herba Binara (Artemisia Annua), flavonoid, KLT, High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC).
FABRIC FOR SINGLE SKIN TEXTILE WING
Authors: SALISTEAN Adrian , MIHAI Carmen , CRISTIAN Irina , FARIMA Daniela , PIROI Cristina
Published: November 2019

The fabrics used to make parachutes and paragliders must have the several specific
characteristics: the mass of fabric per unit of surface must be low while the other physical-
mechanical characteristics (the axial breaking strength load, the relative and absolute elongation, the
tear resistance of the fabric and the assemblies, air permeability) must be at a maximum. The
paper deals with the analysis of qualitative aspects of several parachute fabrics that are used as a
baseline in the development of a novel fabric. The results of experiments have materialized in
statistical data, diagrams and graphs and their interpretation leads to the determination of the fabric
variant that best meets the requirements of the destination. The destination is a patent pending
inflatable wing design that utilizes a single skin construction and solid reinforcements in the
sewing for shape stability. It is worth noting that the experimental results were compared with
values indicated in specific international testing norms.
A NEW TEST METHOD TO MEASURE THE COMPRESSIBILITY OF
SPACER FABRICS
Authors: KILIC Musa , BALCI KILIC Gonca , DEMIR Murat , CELIK Gulsah , BUGDUZ Izzet Onal , BULUT Can
Published: November 2019

Spacer fabric is a three-dimensional structure that obtained by the connection of two parallel fabric
surfaces with the connection threads. Spacer fabrics are widely used for their several functional advantages that
they provide unlike conventional fabrics. Compressibility is one of the important functional parameters for these
fabric structures. The compressibility values of the spacer fabrics are measured based on the ISO 3386-1
standard. However, this standard is used for structures that have non-axial shear during compression such as
foam, sponge and so on. It is thought that this standard is not suitable for spacer fabric structures due to the
shear deformation which occurs during the measurement of compressibility. For this purpose, as in accordance
with spacer fabrics end-use area, a new test system been proposed to measure of compressibility that prevents
shear during the test. Thus, it is aimed to prevent the shear deformation and the deviant results obtained during
the test. Within the scope of the study, the compressibility properties of spacer fabric structures, which have
undergone different thicknesses and different finishing processes, were measured according to both ISO 3386-1
and the new proposed test method. When the results were compared, it was observed that the results obtained in
the new proposed test setup were higher and the difference between the measured results according to both test
methods was statistically significant for α = 0.05.
PRELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF A CONTEMPORARY
TEXTILE ART PIECE
Authors: MITRAN Elena-Cornelia , SANDULACHE Irina-Mariana , SECAREANU Lucia-Oana , IORDACHE Ovidiu , PERDUM Elena , MEMECICA Maria
Published: November 2019

The present article aims to make a preliminary analyze regarding the fibrous composition of an
"opreg"(part of a female folk costume composed of a richly decorated piece of fabric and long fringes applied on
the lower edge) from the modern-contemporary period, using two micro-destructive methods: Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. In order to have a better understanding and a precise result, different
fibres from the opreg were analyzed- brightly colored cotton yarn (green, pink, lilac) together with synthetic silver
and gold composite yarns (lurex). Hand-made textiles have a very important meaning for our history, therefore it
is imperious to know what kind of fibres were used in order to be able to create an adequate environment to
preserve them. Further analyzes will be carried out in order to have a more detailed image about
opreg characteristics and how it was obtained.
USING STEM PRINCIPLES FOR UNDERSTANDING SMART TEXTILES’
SOLUTIONS – THE SLOVENIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: STJEPANOVIČ Zoran , CUPAR Andrej , RADULESCU Razvan , RUDOLF Andreja
Published: November 2019

The contribution gives an overview of the Erasmus+ project Smart textiles for STEM
training – Skills4Smartex, funded by the European Commission. Presented are main objectives, aims
and expected results, focused on experiences, gained through the first year’s project activities’ in
Slovenia. The project aims to improve the knowledge, skills and employability of students in the
fields, related to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) by providing appropriate
training tools to understand multidisciplinary work through smart textiles. The main objectives of the
project are: (1) Creating a Guide on smart practices meant for supporting innovation in textile
enterprises; (2) Creating a Course in smart textiles, meant for multidisciplinary thinking; (3)
Creating a dedicated e-learning instrument, meant for channeling the interest of VET students for
"serious games"; (4) Improving the skills of students by means of practical work in constructing
smart textile prototypes. The project activities began with a survey on smart/technical textiles
completed by 63 textile companies at the EU level; 10 of them were from Slovenia. The aim was to
identify existing opportunities for producing smart textiles in enterprises and forecasting expected
occupations and work profiles for young trainees. The results will be published in a guide meant for
transferring smart practices from enterprises to Vocational Education and Training (VET) schools
and young students.
Scientific Literacy Based on Multiple Intelligences and Learning Motivation
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: November 2019

Burhān al-Dīn al-Zarnūjī in his treatise Ta'līm al-Muta'allim Ṭorīq al-Ta'allum informed that the academic achievement has six things dependency: ingenious acumen (intelligences), fervent desire (motivation), patience (when find difficulties), sufficent sustenance (to complete learning), guidance of a teacher (through learning), and length of time (intensively). Based on this perspective, we was empirically tested students scientific literacy through correlational research. In particular, first, multiple intelligences was examined based on Multiple Intelligences Survey (MIS). Second, science learning motivation was explored used Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ-II). Third, scientific literacy was tested that focused on competence domain and environmental content. The participants of the study were 128 secondary students in Kabupaten Kudus choosen by random sampling technique. We used Pearson r to elaborate relation of scientific literacy with each type of multiple intelligences nor component of science learning motivation. It reveals that naturalistic intelligence and self-efficacy has strong correlation with scientific literacy. The findings suggest that it is important to facilitate students’ intelligence and motivations to guide them on achieving scientific literacy.
Literasi Saintifik Berdasarkan Kecerdasan Majemuk dan Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: November 2019

Tujuan riset correlational ini ialah untuk memperoleh profil literasi saintifik, yang secara eksklusif didasarkan kepada kecerdasan majemuk dan motivasi belajar.
La España de Fernando Iwasaki, setenta años después de la España de César Vallejo
Authors: Tisnado Carmen
Published: November 2019

España, aparta de mí estos premios [Spain, Take These Awards from Me] (2009) by Fernando Iwasaki establishes, no doubt, a connection to the well-known text by Peruvian poet César Vallejo, España, aparta de mí este cáliz[Spain, Take This Cup from Me]. This paper compares the lyric voice in Vallejo’s poem and the narrative voice in Iwasaki’s text. This comparison leads to an exploration of the way in which Spain is represented in two different historical times. In other words, what is the Transatlantic relation posed by Iwasaki? How can we compare this relation to the possible relation suggested by Vallejo? What views of Spain does Iwasaki represent in the narratives?