bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialectics of Mainstreaming Agriculture in Urban Planning and Management of Cities of the Global South
Authors: Hope Ezeadichie Nkeiru , Aghaegbunam Onodugo Vincent , Agatha John-Nsa Chioma
Published: September 2022

Most cities in the global south have evolved overtime with significant organic changes in their wake. One of the noticeable changes is the emergence of pockets of city-based agricultural activities, a previously rural-based activity. There are varying interpretations behind this new trend. With increased agglomeration arising from rural-urban migration, residents resort to farming as a panacea to urban challenges. Even employed urban residents resort to agriculture for supplementary income. This emerging scenario has generated debates, dialectics, and polemics among stakeholders as to the propriety or otherwise of this development. This chapter, therefore, takes a panoramic view to all the sides of the issue through review scoping of desktop research method. Specifically, it examines the scope of increase in urban agriculture (UA), the types and nature of UA; urban planners’ attitude towards UA, and then propose the management strategies such as promoting agriculture-friendly urban plans for access to agricultural land and practices. The findings revealed that UA takes place on residential land, undeveloped private/public lands, and riverbanks. The prominent UA activities are animal husbandry, aquaculture, cultivation of food and cash crops, etc. The urban-planning measures for integrating UA into the urban environment include inculcating UA-responsive policies in broad plans.
Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Vakili Bahareh , Shoaei Parisa , Esfandiari Zahra , Davar Siadat Seyed
Published: September 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis involves the distal colon, proximal colon, and cecum and can lead to ulcerations and bleeding. Crohn’s disease appears as patched lesions in the gastrointestinal tract and inflammation, stenosis, or fistulas. IBD affects millions of people worldwide and has been associated with high morbidity and mortality. Our intestine is colonized by trillions of microorganisms (including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa), which constitutes the microbiota. Reduction of bacteria with anti-inflammatory capacities and increase of bacteria with inflammatory capacities are observed in patients with IBD when compared with healthy individuals. Microbial balance is needed for the development of a healthy gut and a symbiotic microbiota without problems. Any disturbance in that balance leads to dysbiosis and the host may become more susceptible to disease. Some alteration in the microbiome is protective or causative; thus, we selectively will review IBD disease, pathogenesis, and potential roles of some members of microbiota in IBD. In this chapter, we also explain the therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota (probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics) and the relationship between gut microbiota imbalance, and how defects in this dysbiosis can lead to disease.
Effects of High Temperature on Crops
Authors: Parthasarathi Theivasigamani , Firdous Saiyyeda , Mariya David Einstein , Lesharadevi Kuppan , Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu
Published: September 2022

The effect of high-temperature situations leads to a significant reduction in yield. The elevated temperature on crops is expected to have a widespread negative effect as a consequence of global warming. Meanwhile, the global population is rapidly increasing and is predicted to be 11 billion in 2100. An increase in 70% of global food production is a challenging task to feed the increasing population. Increasing the food crop yield is crucial to meet the global food demand and ensuring food security. An increase in high temperature every year due to global warming and an increase in greenhouse gases leads to a rise in temperature. The rise in temperature significantly affects the yield; so, it is important to understand the mechanism and how to counteract high temperature on food crops. It is also important to neutralize the effect of high temperature on food crops and to increase the yield by minimizing the effect of high temperature and developing heat resistant or tolerant variety. It is essential to develop heat-tolerant crops or transgenic food crops that can assure great yield and food security for future generations. It is essential to examine the metabolic, physiological, and molecular mechanisms of food crops to have an enhanced understanding of high temperature and their effects on crops.
Carbon Capture, Use and Storage (CCUS) as Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR): Llanos Orientales Basin (Colombia)
Authors: Eliecer Mariño Martínez Jorge , Epimenia Moreno Reyes Luisa
Published: September 2022

At present, it is essential to take actions to minimize CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, and one way to use and exploit it is through the use of carbon dioxide for industry processes, such as enhanced oil recovery. By carrying out carbon capture, geological storage and improving oil recovery by applying the selection criteria to determine suitability for CO2 sequestration in the Llanos Orientales Basin as a tool to improve hydrocarbon production. It would be a first step in the sustainable development of the extractive oil industry in Colombia, which is one of the participants in greenhouse gas releases. The above can be achieved through the application of CO2–EOR processes, which are mainly miscible or immiscible methods. Finally, the importance of identifying existing CO2 sources is highlighted, in order to carry out the application of a CO2–EOR project.
Future Particle Accelerators
Authors: Resta López Javier
Published: September 2022

Particle accelerators have enabled forefront research in high energy physics and other research areas for more than half a century. Accelerators have directly contributed to 26 Nobel Prizes in Physics since 1939 as well as another 20 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, Medicine and Physics with X-rays. Although high energy physics has been the main driving force for the development of the particle accelerators, accelerator facilities have continually been expanding applications in many areas of research and technology. For instance, active areas of accelerator applications include radiotherapy to treat cancer, production of short-lived medical isotopes, synchrotron light sources, free-electron lasers, beam lithography for microcircuits, thin-film technology and radiation processing of food. Currently, the largest and most powerful accelerator is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, which accelerates protons to multi-TeV energies in a 27 km high-vacuum ring. To go beyond the maximum capabilities of the LHC, the next generation of circular and linear particle colliders under consideration, based on radiofrequency acceleration, will require multi-billion investment, kilometric infrastructure and massive power consumption. These factors pose serious challenges in an increasingly resource-limited world. Therefore, it is important to look for alternative and sustainable acceleration techniques. This chapter pays special attention to novel accelerator techniques to overcome present acceleration limitations towards more compact and cost-effective long-term future accelerators.
Comparative Study on Predicting Ship Maneuvering in Waves Using a Quasi-Steady Method and a Time Domain Approach
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cheng Jie , Li Xuan , He Guanghua
Published: September 2022

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Numerical prediction of ship maneuvering in waves was considered in this article. The wave drift loads, computed using the potential flow theory, were added into the mathematical modeling group (MMG) equations to account for the effect of waves on the ship maneuvering. Two numerical methods were tested for dealing with the coupled maneuvering-seakeeping problem, namely a time domain approach and a quasi-steady method. For the former approach, a time domain seakeeping computation was conducted that parallels to the maneuvering simulation. For the later one, it is assumed that at each time of the maneuvering process, the wave-ship interaction is in a time harmonic status and, therefore, the wave drift loads could be evaluated using a frequency domain computation. Turning maneuvers of the S-175 container ship in regular waves were numerically tested. The results of the quasi-steady method and the time domain approach show good agreements, which proved the validity of the quasi-steady assumption. The wave drift loads during the turning process were also presented, demonstrating the significant effect of the added resistance on the maneuvering prediction, in contrast to the less remarkable effects of the lateral wave drift force and the wave drift yaw moment.

Introduction

Ship maneuverability is typically predicted under calm water condition. This provides valuable information at the ship design stage. However, an actual seagoing ship usually maneuvers in waves. To reliably assess a ship’s navigation safety and total performance in a seaway, it is deemed important to understand the maneuvering behavior of a ship in waves.

Indeed, ship maneuverability in waves has been increasingly investigated in recent years. Although the physical experiment is still regarded as the most reliable way to investigate ship maneuverability in waves, there are more and more studies providing practical mathematical models of ship maneuvering prediction. Generally, a mathematical model that is suitable for investigating the maneuvering of a ship in waves has to encapsulate the traditional theories of calm water maneuvering and forward-speed seakeeping.
Tebentafusp-tebn: A Novel Bispecific T-Cell Engager for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Hwa, PharmD Gwen , Carlson, DO Daniel , R. Starr, PharmD, BCOP Jacqueline
Published: September 2022

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular cancer in adults. Metastatic uveal melanoma has a poor prognosis. Tebentafusp-tebn is the first drug in the new immune mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptors against cancer (ImmTAC) class of T cell–directed therapy. Tebentafusp-tebn has been shown in a randomized phase III clinical trial to lead to improved overall survival and progression-free survival when compared with single-agent pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, or dacarbazine in previously untreated human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01-positive metastatic uveal melanoma patients. Tebentafusp-tebn is now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in HLA-A*02:01-positive uveal melanoma patients as first-line therapy in the metastatic setting.
Summary of published criticisms of bitemark foundations and responses by forensic odontologists
Authors: Butler John M
Published: September 2022

This report provides supplemental information to NISTIR 8352 Bitemark Analysis: A NIST Scientific Foundation Review. This report summarizes the concerns raised about bitemark analysis by various groups including the National Academy of Sciences, the President s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, and the Texas Forensic Science Commission. Responses given by members of the bitemark analysis community are also provided.
EDITORIAL 33
Authors: Vernia Carrasco Ana Mercedes
Published: September 2022

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (17 ODS) de la Agenda 2030 que surgieron en el 2015, tras las reuniones de los líderes mundiales, tienen la intención de conseguir una serie de objetivos globales, así como metas, siendo los más importantes el acabar con el hambre y la pobreza en el mundo. No obstante, el resto de ODS, no se entienden sin una estrecha relación unos con otros, estableciéndose así, el n. 4, dedicado a la Educación, y donde se enmarca el arte y la cultura, como fundamental para conseguir el resto de objetivos. ARTSEDUCA conoce, a través de las muchas investigaciones que lleva publicadas, que el ARTE es fundamental no solo como entretenimiento, sino también como pilar estratégico para la sostenibilidad, la calidad de vida y la economía.
The Influence of Industry 4.0 Technology on the Organizational Culture of Companies
Authors:   Faculty of Organization and Management Lodz University of Technology, Pol Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Research limitations/implications: The limitations include a relatively small research sample that resulted from the lack of consent from companies to conduct quantitative studies. Design/methodology/approach: The influence of the main Industry 4.0 era technologies on characteristic organizational culture traits and key values respected in companies was explored on the basis of research-related literature supplemented by empirical studies. The studies examined the influence of selected technologies characteristic of the Industry 4.0 era. Findings: The results served as a foundation for identifying models that characterize the influence of Industry 4.0 technologies on the organizational culture of small, medium, and big enterprises. The acquired results allow for concluding that Industry 4.0 technologies are significant and actual stimulators for the development of organizational culture in companies. Originality/value: The presented results can play a significant role in building the Industry 4.0 era environment and serve as inspiring guidelines for management staff in terms of effective operation of their companies.
The Role of Sustainable Consumption and Green Marketing in Consumers’ Purchase Decisions in the SMART Era
Authors:   Lodz University of Technology, Siuda Dagna
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Along with the growing environmental concerns, the need to make the consumption more eco-friendly has emerged. The awareness of the danger related to excessive consumerism pushed some part of the society towards more sustainable choices. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of pro-ecological factors in the marketing mix on the young consumers’ purchase decisions. Design/methodology/approach: The research investigated the willingness to purchase a product described as “ecological” in a situation when its price is the same or higher (price premium) when compared to the price of other products. The quantitative research in the form of indirect data collection with the use of online survey has been carried out in the age groups of 18–24 and 25–34. Findings: The results indicate that pro-environmental factors play an important role for those consumers in their purchase decisions. However, despite the ecological concerns, price is still a crucial factor for many. Research limitations/implications: The research has been carried out in the group of young consumers; therefore, a similar questionnaire could be distributed among respondents from older age groups to gather a more extensive view of the market. Originality/value: The results confirm the importance of the “eco” factor in marketing on the Polish market. The findings regarding the purchase behaviours of Polish consumers might serve as a guidance for companies operating on the market.
Framework for Assessing Virtualization Maturity of Universities
Authors:   University of Economics in Katowice, Mach-Król Maria , Gładysz Tomasz ,   Wroclaw University of Economics and Business
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to discuss universities’ virtualization activities and to propose a framework for assessing the maturity of these actions at any university. Design/methodology/approach: The maturity model has been developed according to the Design Science Research in Information Systems (DSRIS) methodology as outlined by Vaishnavi, Kuechler and Petter (2019). Findings: The main finding in the paper is a new framework called Virtual Index of Maturity (VIM) that can help to measure the current state of universities’ virtualization activities and to plan their future development. The proposed framework includes all areas of their activity: teaching, research and administration and allows for assessing the virtualization maturity of each of them, considering their specificity. Consequently, the overall information on universities’ maturity in the context of virtualization activities is obtained. Such information can be used by university authorities to plan subsequent steps of development. Research limitations/implications: Once published and applied, the proposed framework of the Virtual Maturity Index (VIM) should be evaluated as part of further research, with any necessary corrections as deemed necessary. This should lead to the development of best practice for university managers, researchers and other stakeholders involved in virtualization issues. Originality/value: Our paper provides important contributions to both theory and practice in the area of universities’ virtualization operations. The Virtual Maturity Index (VIM) is a proprietary, original solution.
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and Related Factors in Turkish Adult Population: A Striking Outcome of Cappadocia Chronic Diseases Epidemiological Study
Authors: ÇALIK BAŞARAN Nursel , KALYONCU Umut , KARADAG Omer , AKDOĞAN Ali , ERDEN Abdulsamet , KILIÇ Levent , APRAŞ BİLGEN Şule , ERTENLİ İhsan , KİRAZ Sedat
Published: September 2022

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common painful lesion affecting millions of people. This population-based epidemiological study aimed to determine the frequency of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the population and associated diseases and factors. Methods: In 2013, by the Turkish Society of Internal Medicine, a cohort for chronic diseases and related risk factors was initiated in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey (Cappadocia region). 90% of the whole adult population was included and photos of oral aphthae were used during the questionnaire for chronic diseases. Results: 10 992 participants, aged ≥18 years included. The mean age were 44.6± 16.4 years; 56.1% were males. RAS history was present in 13.2%, more frequent in females (17.1%). Female gender ( OR: 1.441, CI: 1.253-1.656, p
Demutualization, Corporatization, and Sustainability Initiatives: Evidence from the European Stock Exchange Industry
Authors:   Warsaw School of Economics, Adamska Agata , Dąbrowski Tomasz ,   Warsaw School of Economics, Homa Magdalena , Mościbrodzka Monika ,   University of Wroclaw, Tomaszewski Jacek ,   Warsaw School of Economics
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The article analyzes the consequences of transformation in governance structures of stock exchanges on their CSR initiatives, in particular relations between their organizational forms and the number and nature of CSR initiatives as well as their influence on stock exchanges’ performance. Methodology: In our study covering 40 European stock exchanges, we identified 527 sustainability practices implemented between 1992 and 2019. We divided these practices into two categories: internal, applying to the stock exchange itself, and external, targeted at listed companies. Moreover, we proposed a synthetic indicator of stock exchange development to measure its economic performance. Findings: We found that publicly traded stock exchanges undertake a greater number of CSR initiatives and have a higher proportion of internal practices, than stock exchanges organized as non-public entities. Our study also indicates that a large number of implemented CSR practices positively affects the economic performance of stock exchanges, and furthermore, that internal practices have a greater impact than external ones. Research limitations: The surveyed European stock exchanges may differ from stock exchanges in other regions regarding their CSR policies. Originality: Our study proved that the corporatization of stock exchanges affect their CSR practices. It also showed that some types of sustainability activities affect performance in a more significant way than others.
Comparison of Proportional and PWM Pneumatic Control in Terms of Positioning and Compressed Air Consumption
Authors: Reljić Vule , Dudić Slobodan , Šešlija Dragan , Adamov Zoran , Šulc Jovan , Jurošević Vladimir
Published: September 2022

In this paper is shown a comparison of proportional pneumatic control and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) pneumatic control in terms of positioning and compressed air consumption. All experimental tests were performed on a device for lifting and holding of the workpieces, which consists of one vertically mounted rodless cylinder with integrated vacuum gripper. In the case of the proportional pneumatic control, cylinder piston is always positioning in the correct position, but position losses are recurring during the time (in majority of cases, the position loss is 4 mm). As the control system constantly returns the cylinder piston to the desired position, that increases the compressed air consumption. In the case of the PWM pneumatic control, the position error is occurring (in majority of cases, the absolute value of the relative position error is less than 2%), but there is no position loss during the period of workpiece holding, i.e. there is no additional compressed air consumption. The compressed air consumption differential is approximately 18.6%. In addition, in case of Meter-out control in combination with previously defined types of control, the positioning is more accurate but the compressed air consumption slightly increases with decreasing the opening level of the one-way flow control valve.
Screen-Printing of Conductive Nanomaterial Inks for Stretchable Electronics
Authors: Stanimirović Ivanka , Stanimirović Zdravko , Jolić Anđelka , Đorđević Katarina , Suljovrujić Edin
Published: September 2022

Screen-printing process has been known for decades as an integral part of thick-film technology. Lately, it has been recognized as a possible means of pattern formation for stretchable electronic devices commonly used in fitness monitoring, epidermal and wearable healthcare. These devices are formed on thin stretchable substrates in combination with nanocomposites based on polymeric binders and conductive fillers. The objective of this paper is to present challenges that screen-printing process for stretchable electronics is facing such as key process requirements and parameters, selection of stretchable substrates, properties of conductive nanomaterial inks and strain management near rigid areas.
CRM software as a service and importance of the approach for SMEs
Authors: Obradovic Veselin
Published: September 2022

CRM is “old news” in large enterprises. On the other hand, in ever evolving economies where the strongest prevail, causing mergers and survival of the fittest (and the largest), it is increasingly difficult for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to gain new customers and to retain old ones. Being able to timely understand customer habits, their needs and drivers is substantial for all businesses, large or small. Some of the core CRM software functionalities and reports will help SMEs to get comprehensible picture of their customers, key drivers of their businesses and the path their companies are taking. In this paper, importance of having CRM software, especially under SaaS licensing, understanding data it provides and using both to increase customer satisfaction and retention for SMEs will be discussed. Some of key performance indicators (KPI) will be explained, including how they can influence the increase revenue and enable sustainability and longevity of SMEs.
Study of dilution processes of sulfidic aquifer hosted by the Fiume-Vento karstic complex, Frasassi (Central Italy)
Authors: Nicolini Riccardo , Di Matteo Lucio , Galdenzi Sandro , Baldoni Fabio , Frondini Francesco , Valigi Daniela
Published: September 2022

Sulfuric acid caves are widespread worldwide. In Central Italy, the Fiume-Vento karstic complex represents the most important active hypogenic cave system hosting several interconnected lakes where groundwater moves towards sulfidic springs emerging along the Sentino Stream. Stratification and dilution phenomena between freshwater and sulfidic water occur in many underground lakes, even if they remain still open if these processes are driven by stream-aquifer interaction or dripping water. The speleological knowledge coupled with geochemical surveys can help study groundwater circulation in the karst system’s inner and outer portions. The geochemical analyses on water samples taken along the Sentino Stream, inside the caves (dripping and lakes water) and in sulfidic springs allow establishing the origin of the dilution water in the dripping water. However, stream-aquifer interactions cannot be excluded during flood events. Using the tracer masse balance method (chloride and sodium ions), the discharge of the sulfidic springs ranges between 65 and 11 L/s. The results presented in this study may help understand groundwater circulation and dilution phenomena in other karst systems characterised by sulfuric acid speleogenesis type.
Like Attracts Like? The Effects of Anxiety, Implicit Bias, and Perception of Diversity Culture on Team Attraction
Authors: Yao Donna , Chao Melody M. , George Elizabeth , Chattopadhyay Pritviraj
Published: September 2022

Past relational demography research has demonstrated the influence of demographic dissimilarity among employees on their work engagement and attrition. Little is known about how demographic dissimilarity affects individuals’ attraction to a team in the first place. The present research focused on the attraction component of the attraction-selection-attrition model to investigate factors that contribute to team attraction and their associated underlying processes. Specifically, we identified anxiety towards potential teammates as an affective response to cultural dissimilarity, which in turn influenced performance expectations and team attraction. We also examined implicit and explicit cognitions that might shape the impact of anxiety. To this end, we tested the effects of implicit bias and perceptions of diversity culture in moderating the impact of anxiety on expected team performance and team attraction. Across two experiments, we found that anxiety mediated the effects of cultural dissimilarity on team attraction and performance expectations. Implicit bias, although not influencing the outcomes directly, moderated the link between anxiety and expected team performance. This effect was further moderated by whether diversity was valued. Specifically, when valuing diversity, individuals with heightened anxiety and lower implicit biases had lower expectations of performance from teams with dissimilar (vs. similar) members.
Insulin sensitivity in mesolimbic pathways predicts and improves with weight loss in older dieters
Authors: Tiedemann Lena J , Meyhöfer Sebastian M , Francke Paul , Beck Judith , Büchel Christian , Brassen Stefanie
Published: September 2022

Central insulin is critically involved in the regulation of hedonic feeding. Insulin resistance in overweight has recently been shown to reduce the inhibitory function of insulin in the human brain. How this relates to effective weight management is unclear, especially in older people, who are highly vulnerable to hyperinsulinemia and in whom neural target systems of insulin action undergo age-related changes. Here, 50 overweight, non-diabetic older adults participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging study before and after randomization to a 3-month caloric restriction or active waiting group. Our data show that treatment outcome in dieters can be predicted by baseline measures of individual intranasal insulin (INI) inhibition of value signals in the ventral tegmental area related to sweet food liking as well as, independently, by peripheral insulin sensitivity. At follow-up, both INI inhibition of hedonic value signals in the nucleus accumbens and peripheral insulin sensitivity improved with weight loss. These data highlight the critical role of central insulin function in mesolimbic systems for weight management in humans and directly demonstrate that neural insulin function can be improved by weight loss even in older age, which may be essential for preventing metabolic disorders in later life.
Functional gradients in the human lateral prefrontal cortex revealed by a comprehensive coordinate-based meta-analysis
Authors: Abdallah Majd , Zanitti Gaston E , Iovene Valentin , Wassermann Demian
Published: September 2022

The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) of humans enables flexible goal-directed behavior. However, its functional organization remains actively debated after decades of research. Moreover, recent efforts aiming to map the LPFC through meta-analysis are limited, either in scope or in the inferred specificity of structure-function associations. These limitations are in part due to the limited expressiveness of commonly-used data analysis tools, which restricts the breadth and complexity of questions that can be expressed in a meta-analysis. Here, we adopt NeuroLang, a novel approach to more expressive meta-analysis based on probabilistic first-order logic programming, to infer the organizing principles of the LPFC from 14,371 neuroimaging studies. Our findings reveal a rostrocaudal and a dorsoventral gradient, respectively explaining the most and second most variance in meta-analytic connectivity across the LPFC. Moreover, we identify a unimodal-to-transmodal spectrum of coactivation patterns along with a concrete-to-abstract axis of structure-function associations extending from caudal to rostral regions of the LPFC. Finally, we infer inter-hemispheric asymmetries along the principal rostrocaudal gradient, identifying hemisphere-specific associations with topics of language, memory, response inhibition, and sensory processing. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive meta-analytic mapping of the LPFC, grounding future hypothesis generation on a quantitative overview of past findings.
A dynamic and expandable digital 3D-atlas maker for monitoring the temporal changes in tissue growth during hindbrain morphogenesis
Authors: Blanc Matthias , Dalmasso Giovanni , Udina Frederic , Pujades Cristina
Published: September 2022

Reconstruction of prototypic three-dimensional (3D) atlases at the scale of whole tissues or organs requires specific methods to be developed. We have established a digital 3D-atlas maker (DAMAKER) and built a digital 3D-atlas to monitor the changes in the growth of the neuronal differentiation domain in the zebrafish hindbrain upon time. DAMAKER integrates spatial and temporal data of cell populations, neuronal differentiation and brain morphogenesis, through in vivo imaging techniques paired with image analyses and segmentation tools. First, we generated a 3D-reference from several imaged hindbrains and segmented them using a trainable tool; these were aligned using rigid registration, revealing distribution of neuronal differentiation growth patterns along the axes. Second, we quantified the dynamic growth of the neuronal differentiation domain by in vivo neuronal birthdating experiments. We generated digital neuronal birthdating 3D-maps and revealed that the temporal order of neuronal differentiation prefigured the spatial distribution of neurons in the tissue, with an inner-outer differentiation gradient. Last, we applied it to specific differentiated neuronal populations such as glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, as proof-of-concept that the digital birthdating 3D-maps could be used as a proxy to infer neuronal birthdate. As this protocol uses open-access tools and algorithms, it can be shared for standardized, accessible, tissue-wide cell population atlas construction.
A phylogenetic analysis ofBromus(Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) based on nuclear ribosomal and plastid data, with a focus onBromussect.Bromus
Authors: Nasiri Akram , Kazempour-Osaloo Shahrokh , Hamzehee Behnam , Bull Roger D. , Saarela Jeffery M.
Published: September 2022

To investigate phylogenetic relationships among and within major lineages ofBromus, with focus onBromussect.Bromus, we analyzed DNA sequences from two nuclear ribosomal (ITS, ETS) and two plastid (rpl32-trnLUAG,matK) regions. We sampled 103 ingroup accessions representing 26 taxa ofB. sectionBromusand 15 species of otherBromussections. Our analyses confirm the monophyly ofBromuss.l. and identify incongruence between nuclear ribosomal and plastid data partitions for relationships within and among majorBromuslineages. Results support classification ofB. pumilioandB. gracillimuswithinB. sect.BoissieraandB. sect.Nevskiella, respectively. These species are sister groups and are closely related toB. densus(B. sect.Mexibromus) in nrDNA trees andBromussect.Ceratochloain plastid trees.Bromussect.Bromopsisis paraphyletic. In nrDNA trees, species ofBromussects.Bromopsis,Ceratochloa,Neobromus, andGeneaplusB. rechingeriofB. sect.Bromusform a clade, in whichB. tomentellusis sister to aB. sect.Genea–B. rechingericlade. In the plastid trees, by contrast,B. sect.Bromopsisspecies exceptB. tomentosusform a clade, andB. tomentosusis sister to a clade comprisingB. sect.BromusandB. sect.Geneaspecies. Affinities ofB. gedrosianus,B. pulchellus, andB. rechingeri(members of theB. pectinatuscomplex), as well asB. oxyodonandB. sewerzowii, are discordant between nrDNA and plastid trees. We infer these species may have obtained their plastomesviachloroplast capture from species ofB. sect.BromusandB. sect.Genea. WithinB. sect.Bromus,B. alopecurossubsp.caroli-henrici, a clade comprisingB. hordeaceusandB. interruptus, andB. scopariusare successive sister groups to the rest of the section in the nrDNA phylogeny. Most relationships among the remaining species ofB. sect.Bromusare unresolved in the nrDNA and plastid trees. Given these results, we infer that mostB. sect.Bromusspecies likely diversified relatively recently. None of the subdivisional taxa proposed forBromussect.Bromusover the last century correspond to natural groups identified in our phylogenetic analyses except for a group includingB. hordeaceusandB. interruptus.
Lack of a genetic cline and temporal genetic stability in an introduced barnacle along the Pacific coast of Japan
Authors: Yorisue Takefumi
Published: September 2022

Background

Large numbers of exotic marine species have been introduced worldwide. Monitoring of introduced species is important to reveal mechanisms underlying their establishment and expansion. Balanus glandula is a common intertidal barnacle native to the northeastern Pacific. However, this species has been introduced to Japan, South America, South Africa, and Europe. While a latitudinal genetic cline is well known in its native range, it is unclear whether such a genetic cline occurs in introduced areas. Twenty years have passed since it was first identified in Japan and its distribution now ranges from temperate to subarctic regions.

Methods

In the present study, we examined genotypes of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of mitochondrial (mt)-DNA and elongation factor 1a (EF1) across the distribution of B. glandula in Japan at high and mid intertidal zones.

Results

At all sampling sites, native northern genotypes are abundant and I did not detect significant effects of latitude, tide levels, or their interaction on genotypic frequencies. Further, I did not detect any change of genotype composition between data collected during a study in 2004 and samples in the present study collected in 2019. Data from the present study offer an important baseline for future monitoring of this species and supply valuable insights into the mechanisms of establishment and expansion of introduced marine species generally.
Dosier Enrique Lihn (1929-1988) (coordinado por Carolina González)
Authors:   University of Connecticut (Estados Unidos), Gomes Miguel , Bongers Wolfgang , Leighton Marianne , Pino Mirian ,   Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina),   Universidad Católica de Chile,   Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: September 2022

Sin Resumen
Gabriela Mistral. La lengua de Martí y otros motivos cubanos
Authors:   Universidad San Sebastián (Chile), Díaz-Cid César
Published: September 2022

Sin Resumen
Stakeholders’ Awareness and Acceptability of the Vision, Mission, Goals, and Objectives of Carlos Hilado Memorial State College
Authors: Alvarado Arjay Y. , Bearneza Francis Jose D. , Digon Keisha Charisse O. , Estrellas Jay B. , Pardillo Robert S. , Pineda Jesusa E.
Published: September 2022

Vision, mission, goals, and objectives (VMGOs) function as the foundation of an educational institution. The Accrediting Agency for Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP) underscored that an educational institution is assessed according to the degree how its VMGOs are achieved, but not in comparison with others. This descriptive research utilized the survey method to determine the levels of awareness and acceptability of the Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives of Carlos Hilado Memorial State College in the Academic Year 2021-2022 among the stakeholders. 385 students, administrators, faculty, staff, parents, and alumni, who were selected using the random sampling technique answered the researcher-made instrument. For analysis, data were summarized primarily using mean and standard deviation. The results show the following: (a) The alumni, faculty, staff, and Bachelor of Arts in Social Science students indicated a “High” level of awareness of the Vision of the institution, while the English Language students, and the administrators indicated a “Very High” level of awareness; (b) All the groups indicated a “High” level of awareness of the Mission of the institution and of the Goal of the College of Arts and Sciences; (c) All stakeholders indicated a “High” level of awareness of the Bachelor of Arts in Social Science program objectives, a “High” level of awareness of the Bachelor of Arts in English Language program objectives except for students who indicated a “Very High” level of awareness, and a “High” level of awareness of the Bachelor of Science in Psychology program objectives except for the staff who indicated an “Average” level of awareness. The results also revealed the following: (a) All stakeholders indicated a “Very High” acceptability of the Vision of the institution except for the alumni and Social Science students who indicated a “High” level. (b) All groups indicated a “Very High” level of acceptability of the Mission of the institution and of the Goal of the College of Arts and Sciences except for the alumni and Psychology students who displayed a “High” level of acceptability. (c) All stakeholders showed a “Very High” level of acceptability of the program objectives of the three degree programs except for the staff who indicated a “High” level of acceptability of the Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Bachelor of Social Science program objectives and for the alumni and staff who indicated a “High” level of acceptability of the Bachelor of Science in Psychology program objectives.
Application of Artificial Neural Network in Optimal Design of Reactor
Authors: He Bingqian , Si Yue
Published: September 2022

Reactor is widely used in biology, chemical industry, metallurgy, environmental protection and other fields, playing an irreplaceable role. With the development of science and technology and the concept of green development, the application of artificial neural network to optimize the reactor reaction conditions has become a trend. Artificial neural network plays an important role in reactor optimization because of its strong fault tolerance, the ability to express complex nonlinear relations and perform complex operations. This paper will briefly describe the basic principle and research progress of artificial neural network, and its application in reactor design.
Evaluation of Seed Germination, Establishment, and Growth of Different Black Adenium (Adenium arabicum) Hybrids under Prayagraj Agro Climatic Conditions
Authors: Leo Shilpa Jasmine , Fatmi Urfi
Published: September 2022

The experiment was conducted in the Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Science, Prayagraj, during 2021-2022. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 hybrids and each hybrid was replicated 3 times. The different hybrids used in the experiment were npy x Golden Crown x Black Hawk, Maung x Red Bracelet, Maung x Black mkmk, Black Hawk, Red Bracelet x Big Flower x Black Hawk, Bb x Black Chadda Petch, Bb(F1) x npy Golden Crown x Black Hawk. The result obtained showed that the hybrid Black Hawk showed significantly better performance in parameters like germination percentage (86 %), seed vigour index (610), seed viability (0.86), germination speed index (1.37), survival percentage (80 %), seedling height, (8.5 cm), no. of leaves per seedlings (12), estimated leaf area (4 sq.cm), stem/caudex diameter (1.56 cm) and taproot length (6.2 cm), which was par with the hybrid npy x Golden Crown x Black Hawk.
Survey to Assess the Quality of Groundnut Seeds Sowed by the Farmers of Tiruvannamalai District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Paramasivam V. , Eevera T. , Venkatesan S. , Chinnasamy G. P.
Published: September 2022

A drill-box survey was carried out during 2020 in three villages in Thurinjapuram and one village in Thandrampattu of the Tiruvannamalai district with the objective of determining the seed quality of groundnut sowed by local farmers. Ninety samples were collected, but 31 samples (34.44 %) were TMV-7, 58 samples (64.44 %) were TMV-13, and one sample was VRI-2. This indicated that TMV 13 is the primary variety being grown (Red kernal type). The Hollow-heart symptoms were a symptom that boron content of the soil is low, which is meant to reduce germination. The symptoms of hollow heart might be anywhere from 0% to 20%. The prevalence of hollow-heart symptoms was highest in Randam and Thenkarambalur villages. Furthermore, dark-plumule seeds were a smptom of calcium deficit in the soil, which is intended to reduce germination. In 90 samples, this symptom was reported by nearly all of the villagers, ranging from 0 to 20%. The importance of germination percentage in determining seed quality: only 53 samples (58.90%) were found to exceed the minimum necessary to seed certification of 70%. The percentage of diseased seeds in the samples ranged from 3-22.5 percent; the village of Vallivagai in Thurinjapuram Block had the highest infection rate. These findings imply that the quality of groundnut seed sown by farmers in Tamil Nadu's Tiruvannamalai area was excellent. However, farmers must be better knowledgeable about the importance and advantages of using high-quality certified seeds and must receive training in maintaining seed quality by using pre- and post-harvest methods to harvest high yields of the desired varieties.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: New Sapience into How Brain Stimulation Palliates Symptoms of PTSD
Authors: Khare Supreet
Published: September 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic, often debilitating psychological state disorder that may develop after a traumatic life event. Most patients get over the initial symptoms naturally, but those that experience persistent symptoms require standard treatment approaches such as 1: 1 psychotherapy, psychotropic medications, or both whichever have relevance. However, there are secondary hindrances such as drug safety and drug tolerability associated with these psychotropic medications, that interdict an appropriate course of treatment. The upshot of those events is that it creates a breach in our potential to properly manage PTSD in a significant number of patients, leaving them endangered to surfacing complications like employment-related incapacities, suicidal ideations, co-morbid medical disorders, and illicit drug abuse. Thus, there is a need for more worthwhile, tolerable, and long-standing approaches. Transcranial magnetic stimulation may be a safe and non-invasive treatment technique used to treat various psychiatric and neurological disorders. This neuromodulation technique involves stimulation of specific deep brain regions by the assembly of high and low-intensity magnetic fields thus filling the therapeutic void. This text mainly focuses on the results of controlled and pragmatic trials for efficacy, safety, and tolerability of patients affected by PTSD. The alternative treatment for PTSD currently is psychotherapy and antidepressant medications.Despite receiving these alternatives, there are about 50% of patients who continue to experience major symptoms..That is, the reason why TMS came out as another suitable option. Atleast 5 directories such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, Psych INFO, SCOPUS and EMBASE were probed to pinpoint pragmatic studies and randomized controlled trials that were designed for the treatment of PTSD with TMS. A total of 28 studies were found worthy for this review, out of which 5 are mentioned in this article. Although, so far it looks propitious in spite of the manifoldness as far as its outcomes and its clinical importance are concerned. Hence, still researches involving stimulation constraints are to be conducted in the near future.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Pathogens and Health Hazards Associated with Municipal Solid Wastes in Gboko Town, Nigeria
Authors: Hemen W. N. , Ohaegbu C. G. , Onyimba I. A. , Odu C. E. , Ngene A. C. , Danladi M. M. A. , Dashen M. M. , Ochiheche E. G. , Entonu E. E. , Ogaji A. O. , Egbere O. J.
Published: September 2022

Municipal solid wastes constitute one of the most challenging health and environmental hazards facing urbanizations in African countries. This study was therefore carried out on antibiotics susceptibility profile of bacterial pathogens and possible health hazards that could be associated with municipal solid wastes in Gboko town, Nigeria. Fourty samples were collected for bacteriological analyses. The municipal solid wastes collected were mixed homogenously, segregated and each segregate was weighed and recorded. The bacteriological loads and flora of the wastes were determined. The antibiogram assay of the isolates was carried out as well. A structured questionnaire was administered to households in order to assess the challenges and hazards associated with the wastes in Gboko town. The biodegradable bulks occupied the total mean of 63.59 % while the non-biodegradable matter formed the remaining 36.41% respectively. The bacterial isolates from the dumps with their respective percentage frequencies of occurrence and their mean percentage antibiotic susceptibility profiles in brackets were Salmonella typhi 84.12 (61.90), Escherichia coli 87.49 (50.00), Staphylococcus aureus 82.19 (60.44), Proteus sp 46.10 (91.11), Streptococcus sp (65.75 (83.33) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 85.23 (60.32). The bacteria isolated are generally known pathogens; hence their presence in the dumps in such high prevalence levels could pose health hazards to the public in the town.
The COVID-19 Dashboard for Real-time Tracking of the Pandemic
Authors: Gardner Lauren
Published: September 2022

In this Viewpoint, Lauren Gardner, winner of the 2022 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award for creating the COVID-19 Dashboard, discusses the development of the Dashboard and the factors that contributed to its success.
Supported Employment and Psychiatric Intervention
Authors: Drake Robert E. , Becker Deborah R. , Dixon Lisa
Published: September 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the benefits of psychiatrists using individual placement and support to help patients find and maintain employment.