bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Technological Body in Tourism Research and Praxis
Authors: Parrinello Giuli Liebman
Published: March 2007

This article starts by examining the concept of mobility as a mobility circle: that is, a circular process in which the tourist's experience can be understood as a special case of a sensory-motor learning process. Technologies are then examined from a more general anthropological perspective and are considered as prostheses that extend the abilities of the tourist's body and mind and contribute to an increasingly artificial environment. Finally, the biological reevaluation of the body is considered as a general trend in many disciplines, especially anthropology and sociology. A possibly greater and enriched understanding of the tourist's technological body is proposed as a natural artefact, with new IT and VR (virtual reality) paradoxically helping to focus on the physicality and `solarity' of the body. The tourist's body is therefore seen as a particular case in which biological wellness and technologies clearly converge.
WHAT IS SWITZERLAND'S STRATIFICATION LIKE: CLASSES, PRESTIGE GRADATION, PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES?
Authors: Levy René , Joye Dominique
Published: March 2007

Recent trends in stratification analysis have been characterised by theoretical developments crossing Marxism, status attainment models and Weberian theory. Using a status-attainment model, Wright's and Goldthorpe's construction and a classification scheme worked out for the Swiss Census office, this article will attempt to describe Swiss social stratification and examine whether `social classes are dying'. Each of these measures is a valuable, if variable, indicator of social structure, but the associations are stronger between classifications and structural criteria than between classifications and attitudinal indicators. On the other hand, there is no single best predictor among the indicators of hierarchical location; their `fit' varies with the topic considered and the dimensions involved in the explanation. Furthermore, even if the theoretically best grounded variables permit subtler interpretation, a more pragmatic construction yields better empirical coefficients. Finally, such an approach allows us to specify some essential characteristics of the Swiss system of stratification.
MARGARET MEAD'S `MALE AND FEMALE' REVISITED
Authors: Gerhardt Uta
Published: March 2007

The book Male and Female, originally published in 1949, has been hailed as an early work of feminism. However, its connotations and objections were different in three respects from contemporary sociology of gender. First, the book envisaged gender as a male-female relationship which is socially structured albeit biologically based. Second, the book followed on from Mead's work anticipating political reconstruction for Germany (and Japan) as it was prepared in various contexts during World War II. Third, the book may be placed in a biographical female-male situation of Mead's life with Gregory Bateson in the 1930s and 1940s (including The Importance of Dr Spock). The article reconstructs these three frames of reference into which the book belongs.
MASS MOVEMENTS AND PLEBISCITARY DEMOCRACY: POLITICAL CHANGE IN CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE
Authors: Pakulski Jan
Published: March 2007

High expectations of prompt establishment of stable parliamentary democracy in central eastern Europe (CEE) have been dashed by outbursts of populism. Such expectations were unrealistic. This paper argues that the key aspect of change in CEE involved first the mobilisation of mass protest movements and, subsequently, the `normalisation' of these movements into new regimes. These processes are unlikely to lead directly to stable parliamentary democracies. Rather, as Max Weber's analyses suggest, the normalisation of mass movements leads in the direction of `plebiscitary democracy'. The development of stable parliamentary democracy in post-communist CEE is hindered by the residues of the very mass mobilisations which initiated the process of democratic change.
The Impact of Modernization on Higher Education in China
Authors: Vaughan C. Edwin , Zhang Chunhou
Published: March 2007

China now has the world's most rapidly growing economy. Since 1949, China's historic developments make it unique among East Asia's flourishing economies. The regimentation of knowledge through a focus on classical studies and narrow specialization has been a traditional means of social control in China. In 1978, China began a series of economic reforms which included an openness to the world outside. These reforms have made a free market an integral part of the Chinese economy, transforming higher education in China. This paper describes the various ways in which the free market has altered higher education and provides current evidence to support the analysis. The paper concludes by considering the implications of these changes for higher education and future developments in China.
The New World Order
Authors: Oreskovic Stjepan
Published: March 2007

At the beginning of the 18th century, Comte asked: `How is it possible to avoid chaos and achieve order through stability?' At the end of 20th century, we are facing civil wars, ethnic cleansing, poverty and world-wide forced migration, growing numbers of refugees of wars and growing numbers of displaced persons. For the post-modern strategists, the question is still the same. The author finds that public health and then psychiatry have traditionally served as models for biopolitics. Nowadays, the cure for `world pathology' is clearly the same as it was during the first and second demographic and pathologic transition: using therapeutic spacing, isolation, enforced sequestration, `safe zones', `protected areas' and quarantines as tools for normalization of `deviant', `abnormal' and `sick' societies.
The Non-linear Dynamics of Sociological Reflections
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet
Published: March 2007

Actors are embedded in networks of communication: the relationships among the actors can be represented as the rows of a matrix, while the column vectors represent their communications. The two systems are structurally coupled in the co-variation: each action can be considered as a communication with reference to the network. Co-variation among systems, if repeated over time, may lead to co-evolution. Conditions for stabilization of higher-order systems are specifiable: segmentation, stratification, reflection, differentiation and self-organization can be distinguished in terms of developmental stages of increasingly complex networks. The sociological theory of communication occupies a central position for the clarification of the possibility of a general theory of communication, since it confronts us with the limits of reflexivity in human understanding and reflexive discourse. The implications for modelling the relations among incommensurable discourses (e.g. paradigms) are elaborated.
Youth Problems and Politics in the 1980s: Some Multinational Comparisons
Authors: Braungart Richard G. , Braungart Margaret M.
Published: March 2007

The personal, social and political views of young people are examined using two separate multinational surveys of youth conducted in 18 countries around the world Results from the 1983 11-Nation Japanese World Survey and the 1982 Euro- Barometer 10-Nation Survey suggest that while youth (between the ages of 15/18-24) exhibit national differences, more importantly, they share many attitudinal features in common. Three themes in particular stand out characterising young people's personal lives, social attitudes and politics in the early 1980s: first, the majority of youth in these surveys are stable in their transition to adulthood; second, youth are searching for more independence in their lives, and third, young people express a surprising amount of approval for political mobilisation over contemporary political issues. These findings support both the socialisation and generational theories in political sociology.
Giddens' Theory of Structuration
Authors: Joas Hans
Published: March 2007

Anthony Giddens' theory of structuration is interpreted as an attempt to transform themes of the Marxist philosophy of praxis into a comprehensive sociological theory. In the first part of the article, the development of Giddens' thought is briefly traced and essential features of his current theory are described (his concept of action; his critique of functionalism and evolutionism; his theory of temporality and power). In the second part, the author undertakes to demonstrate that an anthro pological deficiency in Giddens' theory accounts for weaknesses in his theory of temporality. Further, his critique of evolutionism is relativised by considering it in relation to a non-teleological philosophy of history which avoids the danger of a disintegration of historical analysis into unconnected partial histories.
The Status and Function of Intellectuals in State and Society in India and China: Some Critical Comparisons
Authors: Subramaniam V.
Published: March 2007

Max Weber's comparative studies of the great non-European civilisations of India, China and Islam were, in spite of their breadth of content, focussed on the problem of the non-evolution of modern capitalism in them and most Webenan scholars did not, unfortunately, move far away from this. But the most mteresting topic of companson between China and India is not their common non-generation of capitalism but the totally different relation that evolved between the intellectuals and the state in each. A collaborative relation of the literati in the service of the state was evolved in China by the Han dynasty by a clever distortion of the Confucian ethic and it lasted with minor discontinuities until early this century. By contrast, the Indian Brahmin intellectuals gave only conditional support to the State, treating Dharma or Universal law as supreme and gave up hope of the impenal integration of India by the seventh century. Instead, they built a flexible pattern of cultural integration - based on Bhakti for contact with the masses and an all-India cultural elite for leadership - which has lasted all these centuries.
Cosmic Piety and Ecological Rationality
Authors: Giner Salvador , Tábara David
Published: March 2007

This article explores the growth of new forms of worship as embodied in the ecological veneration of the cosmos. It shows how cosmic piety is becoming an essential component of modern culture in the current context of globalization, which frequently incorporates some crucial forms of rationality. Very often, the sacralization of nature appears to be a necessary precondition for the practice of ecological rationality given certain cognitive limitations and everyday anxieties of large populations in the contemporary world. The rise and fall of an ecocentric or cosmocentric mythology are considered, together with its consequences for societal adaptation to global environmental change.
The Persistence of War as a Sociological Problem
Authors: Roxborough Ian
Published: March 2007

This article provides a critical discussion of Joas's argument that modernization theory is unable to explain the persistence of war in the modern world. It argues that a number of factors make war likely in the modern world, including cognitive frameworks, organizational decision-making and cartelized political systems. The article concludes that the fact of the persistence of war in the modern world is not, in itself, a refutation of modernization theory, since modernization theory can explain this phenomenon. This does not imply that modernization theory is the best approach to the study of war.
Perceived Family and Peer Transactions and Self-Esteem among Urban Early Adolescents
Authors: Roberts Ann , Seidman Edward , Pedersen Sara , Chesir-Teran Daniel , Allen LaRue , Aber J. Lawrence , Duran Valkiria , Hsueh JoAnn
Published: March 2007

This research extends previous work that identified groups of youth characterized by profiles of perceived family and peer transactions. Predictions derived from self-enhancement and self-consistency theories concerning how such transactions might relate to self-esteem in a diverse sample of early adolescents (N = 635) were investigated. Both theories indicate independent contributions of family and peer transactions to self-esteem. The theories differ, however, with regard to implications for how the two microsystems might interrelate in their linkages with self-esteem, with self-enhancement theory implying a moderational model and self-consistency theory a mediational model. As predicted, family and peer profiles each made independent contributions to the prediction of self-esteem. Consistent with self-consistency theory, the relations of family transactions to self-esteem were mediated in part by their associations with peer transactions, with particularly strong linkages evident between qualitatively similar profiles of family and peer experiences. Support for a moderational model, however, was not found.
Imaginary Audience Behavior: A Validation Study
Authors: Adams Gerald R. , Jones Randy M.
Published: March 2007

A revalidation study of the Elkind and Bowen Imaginary Audience Behavior (IAS) scale was undertaken using junior and senior high school adolescents from a consolidated rural school district. A total of 115 male and female adolescents between the ages of 11 and 18 years of age responded to the imaginary audience instrument, an empathy scale, a social sensitivity test, and a measure of social desirability tendencies. Reliability and construct validity were established for the IAS instrument. Although the results varied from the original validation study, age comparisons revealed a linear relationship between age and selfconsciousness. The relationship between age, imaginary audience behavior and self-reported concerns about body image during adolescence questions certain assumptions underlying the development of the Imaginary Audience Behavior scale.
School Structure: Does it Make Any Difference?
Authors: Clark Sally N. , Clark Donald C.
Published: March 2007

The study examined and compared the responses of students in 7-9, 6-8, K-8, 5-8, and 6-7 schools in the areas of self-esteem, preferred teacher characteristics, dating behavior, and perceived victimization. A total of 1,753 students, enrolled in six different middle level schools in North Carolina, responded to the 100-item Mid-Years Opinion Questionnaire. Of the twelve subscales in the questionnaire, the Self-Esteem Inventory, the Preferred Teacher Characteristics Scale, the Dating Behavior Scale, and the Perceived Victimization Scale were selected for use in this study. Significant differences were found for each of the dependent variables. Of the five school-grade level structures studied, the 6-7 school appeared to be the most inappropriate organization for early adolescents.
A Comparative Study of Perceived Victimization, Perceived Anonymity, Self-Esteem, and Preferred Teacher Characteristics of Gifted and Talented and Non-Labeled Early Adolescents
Authors: Mc Ewin C. Kenneth , Cross Arthur H.
Published: March 2007

This study compared results from gifted and talented and non-labeled early adolescents on measures of self esteem, victimization, anonymity, and preferred teacher characteristics. A total of 260 non-labeled and 115 gifted and talented fifth through eighth grade students were included in the sample. Significant differences were found between the groups on perceived anonymity and preferred teacher characteristics with gifted and talented students preferring person oriented teachers and feeling less anonymous than non-labeled students. More similarities than differences were found. Both groups had positive self esteem, did not feel highly victimized nor anonymous, and preferred teachers who are person rather than academic oriented.
The Impact of Reading Deficiency on the Global Self-Concept of the Adolescent
Authors: Hettinger Connie C.
Published: March 2007

In a study conducted at a midwestern suburban junior high, data were gathered regarding the self-concept and reading achievement of 83 eighth grade students who had been placed in low reading classes due to actual deficiency in reading or to behavior problems accompanied by poor read-ing scores. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that self-concept scores were not overwhelmingly low. Deficiency in reading was not related to overall self-concept. Improvement in reading did not result in higher self-concept scores, nor was decline in the former accompanied by decline in the latter. Implications for instruction of this apparent dis-association of reading deficiency and global self-concept are presented.
Early Adolescent Perceptions of the Need for Adults to Know more about them
Authors: Juhasz Anne McCreary
Published: March 2007

This study compared perceptions of early adolescents and those of adults related to the need for adults to know more about factors which may have a bearing on how adolescents learn. Two hundred and nineteen, 12 to 14 year olds in grades seven and eight were administered the 25 item questionnaire which was previously used with administrators, teachers and parents of middle school students. Differences between the two groups were observed as were adolescent age-gender variations. Adults perceived a greater need to know more about larger number of factors than did adolescents. Older children and females had higher percentages of perceived need than did younger adolescents and males.
Contemporary or Future Choosers?: A Research Note
Authors: Baker Carolyn D.
Published: March 2007

Research on the life-stage preferences of young adolescents is discussed through a comparison of the methods and findings of two independent interview studies which included a question on this topic. The comparability of the samples and differences in the questioning procedures are shown. The conclusion of one study, that young adolescents can be characterized as "contemporary" choosers, is questioned with the results of the second, where a "future" preference is suggested by the data. Additionally, a significant sex difference is found in young adolescents' nominations of an "ideal age to be". Issues in the conduct of life-course research with adolescents are raised from the comparison of the two studies.
Dimensions of Early Adolescent Social Perceptions and Preferences
Authors: Thornburg Hershel D. , Glider Peggy
Published: March 2007

This study was undertaken to assess the psychosocial characteristics of early adolescents in two K-6 and a 6-8 school. All students in grade 6 of two feeder schools and grades 6 and 7 of a middle school (the two transition years) [N=568] from a Los Angeles suburb were studied. Results did not indicate any differences on ten psychosocial dimensions by overall school configuration. Age seems to explain the greatest number of significant results, more so than either type of school or grade in school. The study yielded few results in the areas of anonymity, victimization, and self-esteem, three areas that have been heavily investigated in recent years. With regard to early adolescent perceptions of adults, most results yielded high compatibility, few generational differences, and a desire for adult support.
Availability of the Control-of-Variables Strategy in Early Adolescence: Elicitation Techniques Revisited
Authors: Goossens Luc , Marcoen Alfons , Vandenbroecke Grethel
Published: March 2007

Adolescents in grades 7 and 9 were given two presentations of a set of Piagetian-inspired control-of-variables (COV) tasks and an extended post-test. Between the first two administrations, subjects in each of five conditions were either given specific prompts (i.e., some version of a pair-choice task or a control task). Use of the COV-strategy increased significantly (p < .0001) from first to second administration. However, the controlling variables strategy was elicited independent of the type of pair comparisons students were exposed to. And contrary to earlier re-search, the control group also improved on the task. It is concluded that any exposure to a control-of-variables task seems to lead to improved performance. Somewhat unexpectedly, boys outperformed girls on the controlling variables tasks. Possible origins of the findings including motivational and experiential factors are discussed.
Gender, Depression, and Body Image in Early Adolescents
Authors: Rierdan Jill , Koff Elissa , Stubbs Margaret L.
Published: March 2007

As clinicians and researchers have begun to document the prevalence of depressive symptomatology among children and adolescents, efforts are being undertaken to identify correlates, and possible determinants, of depressive disorders occurring before adulthood. With this aim, a study was undertaken to assess the relation between depression and body image in a sample of ninth grade boys and girls. Findings were that (a) depressed adolescents-both boys and girls-had poorer body images than their non-depressed peers, (b) gender differences in body image appeared among non-depressed adolescents, with boys more satisfied with their bodies than girls, while (c) no gender differences appeared in body image among depressed adolescents. These findings contribute to the clinical-developmental literature in two principal ways: The relation between depression and body satisfaction for adolescent boys versus girls is clarified and, in so doing, new light is shed on the broader issue of body image in early adolescence.
Early Adolescents' Perceived Interpersonal Risks and Benefits
Authors: East Patricia L.
Published: March 2007

The present study examined how early adolescents' network orientation, or their perceptions of the risks and benefits involved in interpersonal relationships, impinge on their social support and their psychological adjustment. Four hundred fifty 6th graders completed extensive questionnaires about their network orientation, social support, and psychological functioning. Subjects `parents and teachers also rated the support they provide to the adolescent. Results indicated that adolescents' perceived social benefits were predictive of both perceived familial and perceived nonfamilial support. Subjects' perceived social risks and benefits were associated with father-rated support, but not with mother- or teacher-rated support. In addition, adolescents who were lonely or who had low self-worth perceived more social risks, and depressed subjects perceived fewer social benefits, than individuals not exhibiting these psychological difficulties. These results suggest that early adolescents' evaluations of interpersonal risks and benefits are consequential for their social support and their psychological health.
Behavioral and Emotional Risk in Early Adolescents
Authors: Ingersoll Gary M. , Orr Donald P.
Published: March 2007

Early adolescents are frequently described as being at increased risk for a variety of physical and emotional health problems. In this study self-reported problem behaviors from a sample (N = 1508) of junior high school students were factor analyzed to determine whether identifiable problem behavior factors emerged and whether the resulting factors varied with demographic and other psychosocial traits. The factor analysis yielded two risk factors. The first factor was described as a Behavioral Risk factor and the second as an Emotional Risk factor. Additional analyses revealed increased Emotional Risk among the females and increased Behavioral Risk among the males. Additionally, risk status was found to vary as a function of age, family configuration, and cognitive level. These findings confirm and extend earlier findings of problem behavior factors reported among older adolescents and expand the role of such factors in a problem behavior theory.
Parental Work and Early Adolescence
Authors: Orthner Dennis K.
Published: March 2007

Research that has examined the relationship between parental employment and early adolescent adjustment has tended to yield mixed or no associations. This is true for studies that have examined academic, emotional, social, or cognitive well-being in this age group. Some gender differences have emerged but are not well understood at this time. There appear to be several reasons for the lack of significant findings. The first lies in the adaptation that mothers, children, and families as a whole have been making to increases in maternal employment. The second lies in the relatively simple research designs that have not adequately explored more complex hypotheses. The article concludes with suggestions for additional research as well as implications for policies and practices related to parental employment and early adolescence.
Frequent Somatic Complaints and Psychosocial Risk in Adolescents
Authors: Ingersoll Gary M. , Grizzle Kenneth , Beiter Mary , Orr Donald P.
Published: March 2007

Frequent headaches and abdominal pain are a relatively common occurrence among adolescents. At some point, however frequent somatic pain is presumed to be a clinically significant associate of psychosocial maladaptation. In an earlier analysis, results indicated that frequent reports of somatic pain (headaches and abdominal pain) were significant associates of other risk states. The data also suggested that frequent abdominal pain was a particularly sensitive predictor of risk among adolescent boys. The present study attempted to replicate and extend that analysis with an independent sample of early adolescents. Specifically, the study assessed the relationship of frequent somatic complaints to relative risk of engaging in health risk behaviors and reports of other emotional risk states. The data from this analysis affirm the relatedness of reports of frequent somatic complaints and elevated behavioral risk The current data did not confirm a greater association of frequent somatic complaints and risk among adolescent boys.
Development of a Peer-Report Measure of Social Transactions Used by Early Adolescents to Infer Liking
Authors: Murphy Kevin , Schneider Barry
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a peer-report measure of social transactions used to infer liking by peers. Sixty-five early adolescents were interviewed concerning the behavioral basis of their impressions of who liked or disliked them in their class. Twenty-two behavioral cues for liking between children were then tentatively identified. To confirm the communicative potential of these behaviors, another sample of 260 Grade 5 students read a series of hypothetical vignettes. All positive behaviors led to inferences of liking. The six negative behaviors were consistently associated with inferences of disliking. These behaviors were incorporated into a rating scale and administered, along with a set of other peer-report measures, to a third sample of Grade 5 students. Results of this last study suggest that this scale is a reasonably good measure of social transactions that may be important for communicating levels of liking and relational interest between children.
The Structure of Ethnic Identity of Young Adolescents from Diverse Ethnocultural Groups
Authors: Roberts Robert E. , Phinney Jean S. , Masse Louise C. , Chen Y. Richard , Roberts Catherine R. , Romero Andrea
Published: March 2007

The purpose for this study was to examine the structure and construct validity of a measure of ethnic identity among young adolescents from diverse ethnic groups. Students in sixth, seventh, and eighth grades (N = 5,423) from diverse ethnic groups completed the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM), measures of psychological well-being and a measure of salience of ethnicity. Factor analyses of data for the three largest ethnic groups (European American, African American, Mexican American) yielded a two-factor structure that corresponded to two theoretical approaches to ethnic identity, as hypothesized. Similar patterns in magnitude of loadings were observed across groups, indicating that the MEIM could be used as a global composite index of ethnic identity. Ethnic identity was related positively to measures of psychological well-being such as coping ability, mastery, self-esteem and optimism, and negatively to measures of loneliness and depression. MEIM scores also were moderately strong and positive with salience (the importance of a person’s own ethnic background in his or her life), across ethnic groups.
Development of a Web-Based Internet Marketing Course
Authors: Kaynama Shohreh A. , Keesling Garland
Published: March 2007

This article presents the results of the systematic development and implementation of an interactive course on Internet marketing. A seven-step systems model was used to create the technologically integrated course. The course is an online, hands-on workbook, which presents marketing concepts through a sophisticated Web-based educational environment. The article also offers insights into the use of Internet technology as a versatile delivery medium for both teaching and the practice of marketing. This planned mode of instruction resulted in a higher degree of interactive learning, more effective instruction, enhanced communication and collaboration, and a more accurate assessment of the learning effectiveness in comparison with conventional methods.
Further Thoughts on the Marketing Trifid: The Case of Marketing Orientation
Authors: Dibb Sally , Stern Philip
Published: March 2007

Marketing instructors are faced with an array of subject material from a wide variety of sources. These sources can be broadly grouped into three spheres of influence: the researcher, the teacher, and the practitioner. This article considers these three influences as elements along two dimensions, contribution and conduct. It explores the problems faced by instructors as they attempt to present a balanced view of a specific topic in class. This marketing trifid, asithas been termed, is illustrated using the concept of marketing orientation and is equally applicable to other theoretical concepts.
Evaluating Journal Publications of Marketing Professors: A Second Look
Authors: Coe Robert K. , Weinstock Irwin
Published: March 2007

Marketing chairs at AACSB-accredited schools state that publication achievements are crucial in faculty rank decisions. Substantial chair subjectivity appears in the process of evaluating journal articles and in perceptions of journals' manuscripts acceptance rates. Subjective ratings of marketing journals heavily influence evaluations of authors' achievements.
Fundamental Marketing Equation: An Ex Post Facto Analysis of a Corporate Marketing Performance
Authors: Kono Ken
Published: March 2007

A new pedagogical tool in training students to be an effective marketing decision-maker, the fundamental marketing equation approach describes a firm's marketing performance as a function of its marketing mix, competition, and exogenous factors. The approach requires exhaustive identification and a systematic analysis of causal variables.
Product Introduction Process: A Uniquely Different Method of Teaching Marketing Principles
Authors: Deegan John R.
Published: March 2007

The Product Introduction Process (PIP) involves each student in the decision-making role as a product manager for a simulated product introduction. Using the PIP outline as ready reference during the semester, students must explain how each of the sequentially listed marketing fundamentals applies to their chosen product or service.
Organizational Self-Education: The Professional Gap of Higher Education
Authors: Yost Robert C.
Published: March 2007

The thrust of this article is toward improvement in the quality of teaching at higher educational levels by means of a process termed organizational self-education. The author examines its dimensions, institutional prerequisites, benefits, applications to marketing, and key implemental considerations.
Toward the Development of a Professional Perspective among Retailing Students
Authors: Greenberg Jerome
Published: March 2007

This article addresses a common problem encountered at the introductory level in retailing and other marketing courses: the difficulty of influencing the student away from long-held consumer attitudes and toward a professional perspective. The author discusses two field projects which were used successfully to achieve these teaching objectives.
A Comparison of the Individual Proposal and the Team Project in the Marketing Research Course
Authors: Dommeyer Curt J.
Published: March 2007

This article presents the results of an investigation of two forms of the live case: the individual proposal and the team project. One group of students was exposed to the individual proposal format while another group of students was exposed to the team project format. Comparisons of the evaluations from both groups of students revealed that the team project format is preferable.
Publication Performance of Marketing Departments, 1975-1985
Authors: Niemi Albert W.
Published: March 2007

This article ranks leading marketing programs using faculty research as the standard. More than 40 programs published over 100 pages in the Journal of Marketing and the Journal of Marketing Research between 1975 and 1985, and 35 programs published over 200 pages in four leading journals. The results of the study indicate great breadth in research scholarship in marketing.
Developing an Alumni Relations Program for a Marketing Department
Authors: Lepisto Lawrence R. , McCleary Ken W.
Published: March 2007

Alumni relations is a frequently neglected facet of a marketing educational program. This article outlines the role of alumni relations in a marketing program, suggests the objectives and activities of an alumni relations program, presents the results of such a program at one institution, and suggests some cautionary notes to departments considering such a program.
Videotaped Role Playing in the Personal Selling Classroom: A Practical Guide
Authors: Castleberry Stephen B.
Published: March 2007

Practical suggestions are offered for effectively and efficiently videotaping role plays. These include a discussion of methods to reduce "camera fright, " an approach to structure a progressive series of role plays, teaching activities that support the role plays, benefits of the program, and suggestions for implementing it on other campuses.
Student Placement: The Challenge of Helping Our Undergraduate Marketing Students Prepare for the Job Marketplace and their Careers in Marketing
Authors: Goldgehn Leslie A.
Published: March 2007

The desired culminating experience for most of our marketing graduates is career placement. This research was conducted in an effort to assist undergraduate marketing students in gaining entrance to the job market and to give marketing academics timely and accurate information with which to advise their students.
Developing Self-Marketing Skills for Student Career Success
Authors: McCorkle Denny E. , Alexander Joe F. , Diriker Memo F.
Published: March 2007

Marketing, the focus of our students' education, has been applied rather sparingly to marketing majors' job search situations. In this article, the process (understanding! application of marketing strategies) and outcome (useable end result) benefits of implementing a "self-marketing plan" project are explained. In addition, student responses to project participation that support the projects continued use and its perceived benefits are provided. The authors also conclude that a self-marketing plan project can provide students with self-marketing skills that can be useful throughout their careers.
Departmental Advisory Councils: Bridging the Gap between Marketing Academicians and Marketing Practitioners
Authors: Kress George J. , Wedell Allen J.
Published: March 2007

The growing criticism of business schools by the business community has resulted in attempts by academia to develop a closer working relationship between these two groups. This article addresses the use of advisory councils as vehicles for better articulation between marketing academicians and marketing practitioners. A national survey of business schools reveals a limited but increasing use of marketing advisory councils. The councils received mixed reviews from those schools using them, and there also were some key differences of opinion as to what activities such councils should perform. Marketing departments apparently use a variety of methods other than advisory councils to keep abreast of the changing educational needs of future business managers. The article also provides guidelines for the formation of a council and for the enhancement of successful meetings and participation of the members.
Pedagogical Strategies for Marketing Educators in Southeast Asian Universities
Authors: Nevett Terence , Nimran Umar , Viboonsanti Pongsa
Published: March 2007

The western educator teaching marketing in Southeast Asia will find that conditions differ considerably from those in the United States in terms of the marketing skills needed by local businesses, the character of the student body, and the resources and support services available. The authors evaluate the significance of these differences, demonstrate how they impact upon specific learning and assessment situations, and suggest proactive strategies for avoiding some of the more obvious pitfalls.
The Influence of Staffing and Scheduling Factors on the Recruiting Effectiveness of the Marketing Principles Course
Authors: Divine Richard L. , Wilson J. Holton
Published: March 2007

This study examined the impact of scheduling and staffing decisions on the recruiting effectiveness of different sections of marketing principles. Results of a path analysis indicate that recruiting effectiveness is directly affected by course evaluations and time format and indirectly affected by the instructor's education level and the class size.
Students’ Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness: Some Implications of Stability
Authors: Clayson Dennis E.
Published: March 2007

Previous research has indicated that the mean scores of student evaluation of teaching effectiveness do not change with experience. If this is true, whatever aspects of effective instruction the instruments are measuring do not change in the students’ perception. University students were asked to indicate what instructional characteristics changed or stayed the same as an instructor gained more and more experience. Instructor structural-related factors such as organization, knowledge, fairness, and even the ability of the students to learn were perceived as improving over time. Personalityrelated factors were perceived as stable. Implications of these findings are discussed.
The International Marketing Curriculum: Views from Students
Authors: Turley L. W. , Shannon J. Richard
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze undergraduate marketing students™ attitudes toward international marketing as a career and their perceptions about how well prepared they are to enter this arena. A national sample of students indicates that marketing majors are convinced that international marketing will increase in importance in the future, but they also believe that they are not particularly well prepared to choose this as a career. The data also indicate that marketing majors do not speak foreign languages in greater proportion than nonmarketing majors do and may not be learning the languages that businesses would prefer them to know. Implications for universities and the business community are discussed.
Metropolitan Developments in a Rural State: The Case of South Dakota
Authors: Angrick William P. , Beville Mitchel J.
Published: March 2007

In this first short article, the author will introduce the reader to the state generally and to annexation procedures. Later reports will be con cerned with such concerns as home rule, intergovernmental cooperation, special districts, planning and development districts, taxation, and metro politan problems such as sanitary land fills and land use.
Improving Business-Government Relations: What is the Role and Responsibility of Schools of Public Affairs
Authors: Emmert Mark A.
Published: March 2007

In this article I present a discussion of the role of schools of public affairs in promoting and facilitating business-government cooperation. A survey of National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) members was conducted to determine if public administration schools are concerned about this issue and if they are involved in activities intended to foster public-private relations and cross-sector understanding. Results of the survey indicate that schools have a modest but increasing concern about business-government relations and that this concern is translated into some actions on their part. Schools of public affairs take their public service missions seriously and are engaged in a wide range of activities aimed at supporting the public sector practitioner. Much less energy is directed toward private sector constitutencies or toward promoting cross sector cooperation or understanding. A listing of activities aimed at promoting business-government relations is compiled and activities respondents thought to be effective are identified. It appears that nontraditional activities are most effective in promoting business-government cooperation. This poses additional challenges for schools if they want to be actively involved in this issue. Finally, a brief discussion of what can be done within schools of public affairs to increase these activities is presented.
The Nature and Limits of the Whistleblower's Contribution to Administrative Responsibility
Authors: Jos Philip H.
Published: March 2007

Insofar as they can trigger existing accountability mechanisms that otherwise might not have uncovered or pursued administrative wrongdoing, whistleblowers can promote a more responsible public service. It would be both unwise and unfair, however, to rely on whistleblowers as a primary means by which to shore up a flawed system of bureaucratic accountability. The costs to the whistleblower and to the organization are substantial, and whistleblowing may reinforce one of the most significant shortcomings of existing mechanisms of accountability: the preoccupation with uncovering past misdeeds and the inability to promote the kind of ethical sensitivity and reflection necessary to reduce the incidence of organizational wrongdoing. When whistleblowers trigger external review, demands for accountability are as likely to promote rigidity and rationalization as they are to promote greater sensitivity to future ethical issues.

These limitations on whistleblowing, and on after-the-fact review of administrative decision making more generally, should not be used to disparage accountability in favor of "high road" strategies like professional education. Instead, they demonstrate the importance of developing alternative means of accountability that do more than assign blame for the worst abuses of the public trust. Designing accountability mechanisms that require before-the-fact review of administrative decision making offers the possibility of ensuring compliance with external standards in a way that supports the critical reflection and ethical sensitivity that are vital to a responsible public service.
Ronald Reagan as Presidential Symbol Maker: The Federal Bureaucrat as Loafer, Incompetent Buffoon, Good Ole Boy, and Tyrant
Authors: Hubbell Larry
Published: March 2007

Federal bureaucrat bashing has a long history in this country. In recent years Ronald Reagan, in particular, played on the public's resentment of the federal bureaucracy. For Reagan and his devoted audiences the federal bureaucrat was a symbol represent ing many of the qualities that are wrong with present-day society. Four dominant images of the federal bureaucrat emerge from Ronald Reagan's Public Papers. Reagan depicted the federal bureaucrat primarily as a loafer, incompetent buffoon, good ole boy, and tyrant. It is possible that these images were so well-received by much of the public because of widespread ambivalence about our organizational society.
Determinants of Local Governmental Support for Alternative Forms of Regional Coordination
Authors: Julnes George , Pindur Wolfgang
Published: March 2007

Local governments are under increasing pressure to maintain services while saving money. One mechanism for such economies is coordinating services with other municipalities, but local-government officials have often resisted such coordination. Overcoming this resistance requires understanding the factors that contribute to support for regionalism by local officials. Several forms of regional coordination exist, each with its unique impact on localities, and if the factors responsible for support by local officials for one form of regional coordination are indeed different from those responsible for other forms, then general conclusions on how to enhance this support could be misleading. The results of a survey of local officials in Virginia regarding alternative roles for regional councils confirm the predicted differences in models of support. Local officials' support for regional council involvement in service provision is primarily a function of previous council activities, with technical assistance to localities (e.g., plan preparation and providing training) being particularly constructive. Support by local officials for councils playing a regional leadership role, in contrast, is associated more with problems of the region-such services as housing and transportation appearing most critical. These findings help refine our models of the dynamics responsible for support for regional cooperation by local officials and provide practical suggestions for developing unique regional arrangements appropriate for the particular problems a region faces.
The Ethical Environment of Local Government Managers
Authors: Menzel Donald C.
Published: March 2007

Empirical research on ethics in government is growing rapidly. One area that has been largely overlooked, however, is the ethical environment of the public manager. This paper examines the ethical environments of local government managers in two states-Florida and Texas-with an interest in assessing how hospitable those environments are to the adoption of a "trust and lead" strategy advocated by the Winter Commission to revitalize local and state public service. Three research questions are addressed: (a.) To what extent do local government managers perceive themselves to be working in an ethical organization and community? (b.) What might explain why they adopt a more or less ethical view of their workplace and communities? And (c.) how might a manager's own ethical self-esteem condition or influence how he/she assesses one's ethical environment? The findings, based on survey responses of more than 200 municipal managers, suggest that a "trust and lead" strategy can be effective in local public service.
A Case Study in Performance Appraisal System Development: Lessons from a Municipal Police Department
Authors: Roberts Gary E.
Published: March 2007

This paper describes the development, implementation and evaluation of a successful performance appraisal system for probationary police officers for a medium-sized (330,000) Mid-Atlantic city. The case study summarizes the factors that contributed to the adoption of the performance appraisal system and the elements that contributed to the system's effectiveness. These factors include significant user participation in the system's development; thorough rater training; a clear articulation of the system's rationale, goals, and objectives; a rating format that is compatible with the organization's culture and congruent with the objectives of the appraisal system.