bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Modeling of Biological Functions: From Enzymes to Molecular Machines (Nobel Lecture)
Authors: Warshel Arieh
Published: July 2014

A detailed understanding of the action of biological molecules is a pre‐requisite for rational advances in health sciences and related fields. Here, the challenge is to move from available structural information to a clear understanding of the underlying function of the system. In light of the complexity of macromolecular complexes, it is essential to use computer simulations to describe how the molecular forces are related to a given function. However, using a full and reliable quantum mechanical representation of large molecular systems has been practically impossible. The solution to this (and related) problems has emerged from the realization that large systems can be spatially divided into a region where the quantum mechanical description is essential (e.g. a region where bonds are being broken), with the remainder of the system being represented on a simpler level by empirical force fields. This idea has been particularly effective in the development of the combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) models. Here, the coupling between the electrostatic effects of the quantum and classical subsystems has been a key to the advances in describing the functions of enzymes and other biological molecules. The same idea of representing complex systems in different resolutions in both time and length scales has been found to be very useful in modeling the action of complex systems. In such cases, starting with coarse grained (CG) representations that were originally found to be very useful in simulating protein folding, and augmenting them with a focus on electrostatic energies, has led to models that are particularly effective in probing the action of molecular machines. The same multiscale idea is likely to play a major role in modeling of even more complex systems, including cells and collections of cells.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Coordinated Neutral and Cationic Heavier Cyclopropylidenes
Authors: Jana Anukul , Omlor Isabell , Huch Volker , Rzepa Henry S. , Scheschkewitz David
Published: July 2014

Cyclopropylidene is a transient intermediate of the allene–propyne–cyclopropene isomerization. The incorporation of heavier Group 14 elements into the cyclopropylidene scaffold has to date been restricted to the formal replacement of the carbenic carbon atom by a base‐coordinated silicon(II) center. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of NHC‐coordinated heavier cyclopropylidenes (Si2GeR3X, and Si3R3Br; X=Cl, Mes; R=Tip=2,4,6‐iPr3C6H2) in which the three‐membered ring is exclusively formed by silicon and germanium. In case of the chloro‐substituted Si2Ge‐cyclopropylidene, a stable heavier cycloprop‐1‐yl‐2‐ylidene cation is obtained by NHC‐induced chloride dissociation.
Copper‐Promoted Site‐Selective Acyloxylation of Unactivated C(sp3)H Bonds
Authors: Wu Xuesong , Zhao Yan , Ge Haibo
Published: July 2014

The site‐selective acyloxylation of aliphatic amides was achieved via a copper‐promoted C(sp3)H bond functionalization process directed by a bidentate ligand. The reaction showed a great preference for activating CH bonds of β‐methyl groups over those of γ‐methyl and unactivated methylene groups.
A functional high‐content miRNA screen identifies miR‐30 family to boost recombinant protein production in CHO cells
Authors: Fischer Simon , Buck Theresa , Wagner Andreas , Ehrhart Carolin , Giancaterino Julia , Mang Samuel , Schad Matthias , Mathias Sven , Aschrafi Armaz , Handrick René , Otte Kerstin
Published: July 2014

The steady improvement of mammalian cell factories for the production of biopharmaceuticals is a key challenge for the biotechnology community. Recently, small regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified as novel targets for optimizing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) production cells as they do not add any translational burden to the cell while being capable of regulating entire physiological pathways. The aim of the present study was to elucidate miRNA function in a recombinant CHO‐SEAP cell line by means of a genome‐wide high‐content miRNA screen. This screen revealed that out of the 1, 139 miRNAs examined, 21% of the miRNAs enhanced cell‐specific SEAP productivity mainly resulting in elevated volumetric yields, while cell proliferation was accelerated by 5% of the miRNAs. Conversely, cell death was diminished by 13% (apoptosis) or 4% (necrosis) of all transfected miRNAs. Besides these large number of identified target miRNAs, the outcome of our studies suggest that the entire miR‐30 family substantially improves bioprocess performance of CHO cells. Stable miR‐30 over expressing cells outperformed parental cells by increasing SEAP productivity or maximum cell density of approximately twofold. Our results highlight the application of miRNAs as powerful tools for CHO cell engineering, identified the miR‐30 family as a critical component of cell proliferation, and support the notion that miRNAs are powerful determinants of cell viability.
Rapid identification of metal‐binding peptoid oligomers by on‐resin X‐ray fluorescence screening
Authors: Nalband Danielle M. , Warner Benjamin P. , Zahler Nathan H. , Kirshenbaum Kent
Published: July 2014

N‐Substituted glycine peptoid oligomers have recently attracted attention for their metal binding capabilities. Due to their efficient synthesis on solid phase, peptoids are well suited for generation of compound libraries, followed by screening for molecular recognition and other diverse functional attributes. Ideally, peptoids could be simultaneously screened for binding to a number of metal species. Here, we demonstrate the use of bench‐top X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) instrumentation to screen rapidly, on solid support, a library of peptoid oligomers incorporating metal‐binding functionalities. A subset of the peptoid sequences exhibited significant metal binding capabilities, including a peptoid pentamer and a nonamer that were shown to selectively bind nickel. The binding capabilities were validated by colorimetric assay and by depletion of Ni2+ ion concentration from solution, establishing bench‐top XRF as a rapid, practicable high‐throughput screening technique for peptoid oligomers. This protocol will facilitate discovery of metallopeptoids with unique material properties. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 102: 407–415, 2014.
Cosolvent, ions, and temperature effects on the structural properties of cecropin A‐Magainin 2 hybrid peptide in solutions
Authors: Sarukhanyan Edita , Milano Giuseppe , Roccatano Danilo
Published: July 2014

Antimicrobial peptides are promising alternative to traditional antibiotics and antitumor drugs for the battle against new antibiotic resistant bacteria strains and cancer maladies. The study of their structural and dynamics properties at physiological conditions can help to understand their stability, delivery mechanisms, and activity in the human body. In this article, we have used molecular dynamics simulations to study the effects of solvent environment, temperature, ions concentration, and peptide concentration on the structural properties of the antimicrobial hybrid peptide Cecropin A–Magainin 2. In TFE/water mixtures, the structure of the peptide retained α‐helix contents and an average hinge angle in close agreement with the experimental NMR and CD measurements reported in literature. Compared to the TFE/water mixture, the peptide simulated at the same ionic concentration lost most of its α‐helix structure. The increase of peptide concentration at both 300 and 310 K resulted in the peptide aggregation. The peptides in the complex retained the initial N‐ter α‐helix segment during all the simulation. The α‐helix stabilization is further enhanced in the high salt concentration simulations. The peptide aggregation was not observed in TFE/water mixture simulations and, the peptide aggregate, obtained from the water simulation, simulated in the same conditions did dissolve within few tens of nanoseconds. The results of this study provide insights at molecular level on the structural and dynamics properties of the CA‐MA peptide at physiological and membrane mimic conditions that can help to better understand its delivery and interaction with biological interfaces. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 103: 1–14, 2015.
Fumaric acid production by Torulopsis glabrata: Engineering the urea cycle and the purine nucleotide cycle
Authors: Chen Xiulai , Wu Jing , Song Wei , Zhang Limei , Wang Hongjiang , Liu Liming
Published: July 2014

A multi‐vitamin auxotrophic Torulopsis glabrata strain, a pyruvate producer, was further engineered to produce fumaric acid. Using the genome‐scale metabolic model iNX804 of T. glabrata, four fumaric acid biosynthetic pathways, involving the four cytosolic enzymes, argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), fumarylacetoacetase (FAA), and fumarase (FUM1), were found. Athough single overexpression of each of the four enzymes in the cytosol improved fumaric acid production, the highest fumaric acid titer (5.62 g L−1) was obtained with strain T.G‐ASL(H)‐ADSL(L) by controlling the strength of ASL at a high level and ADSL at a low level. In order to further improve the production of fumaric acid, the SpMAE1 gene encoding the C4‐dicarboxylic acids transporter was overexpressed in strain T.G‐ASL(H)‐ADSL(L)‐SpMAE1 and the final fumaric acid titer increased to 8.83 g L−1. This study provides a novel strategy for fumaric acid biosynthesis by utilizing the urea cycle and the purine nucleotide cycle to enhance the bridge between carbon metabolism and nitrogen metabolism. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 156–167. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biosynthesis of rare ketoses through constructing a recombination pathway in an engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Yang Jiangang , Zhu Yueming , Li Jitao , Men Yan , Sun Yuanxia , Ma Yanhe
Published: July 2014

Rare sugars have various known biological functions and potential for applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. Here we designed and constructed a recombination pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum, in which dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), an intermediate of the glycolytic pathway, and a variety of aldehydes were condensed to synthesize rare ketoses sequentially by rhamnulose‐1‐phosphate aldolase (RhaD) and fructose‐1‐phosphatase (YqaB) obtained from Escherichia coli. A wild‐type strain harboring this artificial pathway had the ability to produce D‐sorbose and D‐psicose using D‐glyceraldehyde and glucose as the substrates. The tpi gene, encoding triose phosphate isomerase was further deleted, and the concentration of DHAP increased to nearly 20‐fold relative to that of the wild‐type. After additional optimization of expression levels from rhaD and yqaB genes and of the fermentation conditions, the engineered strain SY6(pVRTY) exhibited preferable performance for rare ketoses production. Its yield increased to 0.59 mol/mol D‐glyceraldehyde from 0.33 mol/mol D‐glyceraldehyde and productivity to 2.35 g/L h from 0.58 g/L h. Moreover, this strain accumulated 19.5 g/L of D‐sorbose and 13.4 g/L of D‐psicose using a fed‐batch culture mode under the optimal conditions. In addition, it was verified that the strain SY6(pVRTY) meanwhile had the ability to synthesize C4, C5, C6, and C7 rare ketoses when a range of representative achiral and homochiral aldehydes were applied as the substrates. Therefore, the platform strain exhibited the potential for microbial production of rare ketoses and deoxysugars. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 168–180. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling of plant in vitro cultures: Overview and estimation of biotechnological processes
Authors: Maschke Rüdiger W. , Geipel Katja , Bley Thomas
Published: July 2014

Plant cell and tissue cultivations are of growing interest for the production of structurally complex and expensive plant‐derived products, especially in pharmaceutical production. Problems with up‐scaling, low yields, and high‐priced process conditions result in an increased demand for models to provide comprehension, simulation, and optimization of production processes. In the last 25 years, many models have evolved in plant biotechnology; the majority of them are specialized models for a few selected products or nutritional conditions. In this article we review, delineate, and discuss the concepts and characteristics of the most commonly used models. Therefore, the authors focus on models for plant suspension and submerged hairy root cultures. The article includes a short overview of modeling and mathematics and integrated parameters, as well as the application scope for each model. The review is meant to help researchers better understand and utilize the numerous models published for plant cultures, and to select the most suitable model for their purposes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1–12. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contribution of transcription factor, SP1, to the promotion of HB‐EGF expression in defense mechanism against the treatment of irinotecan in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Miyata Kohei , Yotsumoto Fusanori , Nam Sung Ouk , Odawara Takashi , Manabe Sadao , Ishikawa Toyokazu , Itamochi Hiroaki , Kigawa Junzo , Takada Shuji , Asahara Hiroshi , Kuroki Masahide , Miyamoto Shingo
Published: July 2014

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a worst histological subtype than other ovarian malignant tumor. Heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) is a promising target for ovarian cancer therapy. The aims of this study were to validate the efficacy of HB‐EGF–targeted therapy for OCCC and to identify the transcription factor that contributed to the induction of HB‐EGF by SN38 treatment in OCCC cells. HB‐EGF was highly expressed in OCCC cells, and an increase of HB‐EGF was induced by SN38 which had only antitumor effect among conventional anticancer agents on OCCC. A specific inhibitor of HB‐EGF, a cross‐reacting material 197 (CRM197), led to a synergistic increase in the number of apoptotic OCCC cells with the treatment of SN38. The luciferase assay with 5′‐deletion promoter constructs identified a GC‐rich element between −125 and −178 (the distal transcription start site was denoted +1) as a cis‐regulatory region, and the treatment of SN38 induced luciferase activity in this region. An in silico and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis estimated that SP1 bound to the cis‐regulatory region of HB‐EGF in OCCC cells. Real‐time PCR and cell viability assays showed that the transfection of a small interfering RNA targeting SP1 suppressed the expression of HB‐EGF induced by SN38, resulting in the enhanced sensitivity of SN38. Taken together, these results indicate that induction of HB‐EGF expression contributed to defense mechanism against treatment of SN38 through the transcriptional activity of SP1 in OCCC cells.
Outpatient treatment costs and their potential impact on cancer care
Authors: Isshiki Takahiro
Published: July 2014

Cancer creates a tremendous financial burden. Cancer‐related costs are categorized into direct, indirect, and psychosocial costs. Although there have been many reports on medical care costs, which are direct, those on other costs are extremely scarce. We estimated travel time and costs required for cancer patients to receive outpatient treatment. We studied 521 cancer patients receiving anti‐cancer treatment between February 2009 and December 2012 at the Outpatient Chemotherapy Center of Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center. Address data were extracted from Data Warehouse electronic medical records, and travel distance and time required for outpatient treatment were calculated via MapInfo and ACT Distance Calculator Package. Transportation costs were estimated on the basis of ¥274 (=$3.00) per kilometer. The study design was approved by an ethics review board of Teikyo University (12–851). Average round‐trip travel distance, time, and cost for all patients were 26.7 km, 72.5 min, and ¥7,303 ($79.99), respectively. Cancer patients incurred a travel cost of ¥4000–¥9000 ($40.00 to $100.00) for each outpatient treatment. With population aging, seniors living alone and senior households are increasing, and outpatient visits are becoming a common burden.
A Remarkable Catalyst Combination to Widen the Operating Temperature Window of the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH3
Authors: Zhang Runduo , Liu Ning , Luo Zhen , Yang Wei , Liang Xin , Xu Ruinian , Chen Biaohua , Duprez Daniel , Royer Sébastien
Published: July 2014

The front cover artwork for issue 08/2014 is a collaboration between Beijing University of Chemical Technology (P.R. China) and Poitiers University (France). The image shows the principle on catalyst combination for an ideal autoexhaust control covering a broad temperature range. See the Full Paper itself at dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201402514.
Mechanism of Process‐Induced Salt‐to‐Free Base Transformation of Pharmaceutical Products
Authors: Hansen Thomas B. , Qu Haiyan
Published: July 2014

The pH‐solubility profiles of a model drug in salt form were established and the mechanism of salt‐to‐free base form transformation was investigated by increasing pH of the system. Wet massing experiments together with suspension experiments were performed to investigate the effects of excipients on the stability of the salt form. It was found that nucleation of the free base did not happen at pHmax but that instead a new boundary, the pHmetastable, had to be reached before transformation occurred. It was also demonstrated that some excipients influence the stability of the drug, which can help find excipients that previously would have been excluded on basis of a pH higher than pHmax but still lower than pHmetastable.
Combining analysis of variance and three‐way factor analysis methods for studying additive and multiplicative effects in sensory panel data
Authors: Romano Rosaria , Næs Tormod , Brockhoff Per Bruun
Published: July 2014

Data from descriptive sensory analysis are essentially three‐way data with assessors, samples and attributes as the three ways in the data set. Because of this, there are several ways that the data can be analysed. The paper focuses on the analysis of sensory characteristics of products while taking into account the individual differences among assessors. In particular, we will be interested in considering the multiplicative assessor model, which explicitly models the different usage of scale. A multivariate generalization of the model will be proposed, which allows to analyse the differences in the use of the scale with reference to the existing structure of relationships between sensory descriptors. The multivariate assessor model will be tested on a data set from milk. Relations between the proposed model and other multiplicative models like parallel factor analysis and analysis of variance will be clarified. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A self‐guided search for good local minima of the sum‐of‐squared‐error in nonlinear least squares regression
Authors: Vogt Frank
Published: July 2014

Hard modeling of nonlinear chemical or biological systems is highly relevant as a model function together with values for model parameters provides insights in the systems' functionalities. Deriving values for said model parameters via nonlinear regression, however, is challenging as usually one of the numerous local minima of the sum‐of‐squared errors (SSEs) is determined; furthermore, for different starting points, different minima may be found. Thus, nonlinear regression is prone to low accuracy and low reproducibility. Therefore, there is a need for a generally applicable, automated initialization of nonlinear least squares algorithms, which reaches a good, reproducible solution after spending a reasonable computation time probing the SSE‐hypersurface.

For this purpose, a three‐step methodology is presented in this study. First, the SSE‐hypersurface is randomly probed in order to estimate probability density functions of initial model parameter that generally lead to an accurate fit solution. Second, these probability density functions then guide a high‐resolution sampling of the SSE‐hypersurface. This second probing focuses on those model parameter ranges that are likely to produce a low SSE. As the probing continues, the most appropriate initial guess is retained and eventually utilized in a subsequent nonlinear regression.

It is shown that this “guided random search” derives considerably better regression solutions than linearization of model functions, which has so far been considered the best‐case scenario. Examples from infrared spectroscopy, cell culture monitoring, reaction kinetics, and image analyses demonstrate the broad and successful applicability of this novel method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Affinity Polymers Tailored for the Protein A Binding Site of Immunoglobulin G Proteins
Authors: Latza Patricia , Gilles Patrick , Schaller Torsten , Schrader Thomas
Published: July 2014

Rational design in combination with a screening process was used to develop affinity polymers for a specific binding site on the surface of immunoglobulin G (IgG) proteins. The concept starts with the identification of critical amino acid residues on the protein interface and their topological arrangement. Appropriate binding monomers were subsequently synthesized. Together with a sugar monomer (2–5 equiv) for water solubility and a dansyl monomer (0.5 equiv) as a fluorescent label, they were subjected in aqueous solution to linear radical copolymerization in various compositions (e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), homogeneous water/DMF mixtures). After ultrafiltration and lyophilization, colorless dry water‐soluble powders were obtained. NMR spectroscopic and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) characterization indicated molecular weights between 30 and 500 kD and confirmed retention of monomer composition as well as the absence of monomers. In a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screen of the polymer libraries (20–50 members), few copolymers qualified as strong and selective binders for the protein A binding site on the Fc fragment of the antibody. Their monomer composition precisely reflected the critical amino acids found at the interface. The simple combination of a charged and a nonpolar binding monomer sufficed for selective submicromolar IgG recognition by the synthetic polymer. Affinities were confirmed by fluorescence titrations; they increased with decreasing salt load but remained largely unaltered at lowered pH. Other proteins, including those of similar size and isoelectric point (pI), were bound 10–1000 times less tightly. This example indicates that interaction domains in other proteins may also be targeted by synthetic polymers if their comonomer composition reflects the nature and arrangement of amino acid residues on the protein surface.
ChemInform Abstract: An Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Compound Containing Imidazolium Cations and a One‐Dimensional Lithium Hexacyanidocobaltate‐Based Anionic Framework.
Authors: Shao Xiu‐Dan , Yu Chun‐Hua
Published: July 2014

(imiH)2[CoLi(CN)6(H2O)2] (imi: imidazole) is synthesized by reaction of Li3[Co(CN)6] with imidazolium chloride in aqueous solution followed by slow evaporation at room temp.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Ternary Mixed‐Anion Chlorides with Divalent Europium: Eu2H3Cl and Eu7F12Cl2.
Authors: Reckeweg Olaf , DiSalvo Francis J. , Wolf Sarah , Schleid Thomas
Published: July 2014

Eu2H3Cl (I) and Eu7F12Cl2 (II) are obtained by solid‐state reactions of Eu, NaH, NaCl, and Na (2:4:1:2 molar ratio) or Eu, EuCl3, and LiF (1:1:4 molar ratio), resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermally Derived NaLuF4:Yb3+, Ln3+ (Ln3+: Er3+, Tm3+ and Ho3+) Microstructures with Controllable Synthesis, Morphology Evolution and Multicolor Luminescence Properties.
Authors: Gao Yu , Zhao Qian , Xu Zhenhe , Sun Yaguang
Published: July 2014

The title microcrystals are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions containing LnCl3 (Ln: Lu, Yb, Er, Tm, Ho), sodium citrate as chelating agent, NaBF4, and NaOH (autoclave, pH 10, 180 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in P‐Type AgSbSe2 by Cd‐Doping.
Authors: Guin Satya N. , Chatterjee Arindom , Biswas Kanishka
Published: July 2014

Cd‐doped p‐type AgSbSe2, AgSb1‐xCdxSe2 (x = 0—0.06) is synthesized from the elements in fused silica tubes (1123 K, 10 h) and characterized by XRD and thermoelectric measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Additive‐Free Synthesis of V4O7 Hierarchical Structures as High Performance Cathodes for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zheng Shili , Mu Xuechao , Zhang Yi , Du Hao
Published: July 2014

VOx hierarchical structures are solvothermally synthesized from NH4VO3 in a 1:7 mixture of water and ethylene glycol (autoclave, 180 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Polymorph of Cd3B2O6: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Phase Transformation.
Authors: Zhang Xingwen , Yu Hongwei , Wu Hongping , Pan Shilie , Jiao Anqing , Zhang Bingbing , Yang Zhihua
Published: July 2014

Small colorless crystals of the new polymorph β‐Cd3B2O6 are prepared in a PbO—MoO3 flux using a mixture of CdO, H3BO3, PbO, and MoO3 in the molar ratio of 3.3:2:1:1 (Pt crucible, 700 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Between Oxoborate and Nitridoborate: The Oxonitridoborate Oxide La3(OBN2)O2.
Authors: Dierkes Tobias , Stroebele Markus , Meyer H.‐Juergen
Published: July 2014

The new title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of LaOCl and Li3(BN2) in the molar ratio of 3:1 (sealed Nb ampoule in evacuated silica ampoule, 1200 °C, 12 h, heating and cooling rates of 2 °C/min).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Preyssler‐Type Phosphotungstic Acid, H15‐n [P5W30O110Mn+], with Different Encapsulated Cations (M: Na, Ca, Bi, Eu, Y, or Ce), and Their Thermal Stability and Acid Catalyst Properties.
Authors: Takahashi Keita , Sano Tsuneji , Sadakane Masahiro
Published: July 2014

The title heteropolyacids are prepared by exchange of the inner Na+ vs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Multinuclear Manganese‐Containing Tungstosilicates.
Authors: Kortz Ulrich , et al. et al.
Published: July 2014

The Keggin‐based tungstosilicates containing the anions [MnII3(OH)3(H2O)3 (A‐α‐SiW9O34)]7‐ (IV), [MnIII3(OH)3(H2O)3 (A‐α‐SiW9O34)]4‐ (VIII), [MnIII3(OH)3(H2O)3 (A‐β‐SiW9O34)]4‐ (X), [MnIII3MnIVO3(OAc)3 (A‐α‐SiW9O34)]6‐ (XI), and [MnIII3MnIVO3(OAc)3 (A‐β‐SiW9O34)]6‐ (XII) are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroferrates with (dabcoH2)2+ or (dabcoH)+ Cations.
Authors: Darmograi Ganna , Jouffret Laurent , Hemon‐Ribaud Annie , Leblanc Marc , Dujardin Gilles , Maisonneuve Vincent , Lhoste Jerome
Published: July 2014

(H2DABCO) [FeIII2F8(H2O)2] (I), (H2DABCO)2 [FeIII2F10]·2H2O (II), (HDABCO)4 [FeIII2F10]·10H2O (III), and (HFDABCO)[(FeII(H2O)6) (FeIIIF6)] (IV) are prepared by conventional solvothermal synthesis using a EtOH or DMF solution of FeF2, FeF3, and HF (4%) with DABCO (autoclave, 120 °C, 72 h) to explore the composition space diagram of the (Fe2+,Fe3+)‐DABCO‐HFaq chemical system.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Henry Reactions of Aldehydes with Various Nitroalkanes Catalyzed by Copper(II) Complexes of Novel Chiral N‐Monoalkyl Cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamines.
Authors: Liu Fei , Gou Shaohua , Li Lei
Published: July 2014

Various chiral N‐monoalkyl cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamines (I) are synthesized according to a known method and applied as ligands in asymmetric Henry reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: SnAP Reagents for the Synthesis of Piperazines and Morpholines.
Authors: Luescher Michael U. , Vo Cam‐Van T. , Bode Jeffrey W.
Published: July 2014

Easily accessible tin (Sn) amine protocol (SnAP) reagents are useful building blocks for the one‐pot synthesis of piperazines and morpholines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Multifunctionalized Cyclopropanes.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Chen Yi‐Chia , Chan Chieh‐Kai
Published: July 2014

The cyclopropanation reaction runs smoothly in a stereoselective manner (cis‐diaryl, trans‐carbonyl) for sulfones carrying an electron‐donating aryl group while electron‐withdrawing aryl groups (NO2‐ or F‐substituted) as well as longer alkyl chains fail.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Syntheses of Tetralone‐ and Naphthyl‐Type Lignans by a One‐Pot Oxidative [3,3] Rearrangement/Friedel—Crafts Arylation.
Authors: Reddel Jordan C. T. , Lutz Kelly E. , Diagne Abdallah B. , Thomson Regan J.
Published: July 2014

A stereoselective one‐pot oxidative [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement/Friedel—Crafts arylation is developed to provide a convenient synthesis of benzhydryl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Catalytic Transfer Dehydrogenation of Alkanes and Heterocycles by an Iridium Pincer Complex.
Authors: Yao Wubing , Zhang Yuxuan , Jia Xiangqing , Huang Zheng
Published: July 2014

A new phosphinothious/phosphinite Ir pincer complex is prepared and successfully applied as catalyst for the transfer dehydrogenation of a variety of heterocycles using 3,3‐dimethylbuten as hydrogen acceptor.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of 1,4‐Diols from Alkenes by Iron‐Catalyzed Aerobic Hydration and C—H Hydroxylation.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuma , Hirose Daisuke , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2014

A broad variety of 1,4‐diols are prepared from alkenes through an unique iron‐catalyzed aerobic hydration process.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Polymer‐Bound Palladium Catalyst and Its Application to the Reduction of Nitro Arenes and the Hydrodehalogenation of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Min Hongkeun , Lee Sunyoung , Park Minhan , Hwang Jinil , Jung Hyun Min , Lee Sunwoo
Published: July 2014

PdO nanoparticles bound on the surface of polystyrene beads are used as catalytic system for the reduction of nitroarenes and for the hydrodehalogenation of aryl halides, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed C—H Alkylations: Direct Secondary Alkylations and Trifluoroethylations of Arenes.
Authors: Song Weifeng , Lackner Sebastian , Ackermann Lutz
Published: July 2014

The first Ni‐catalyzed ortho‐directed C‐H alkylation with challenging secondary alkyl halides is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of Oxygen Chelated Ruthenium Carbene Metathesis Catalysts.
Authors: Zhang Yiran , Shao Mingbo , Zhang Huizhu , Li Yuqing , Liu Dongyu , Cheng Yu , Liu Guiyan , Wang Jianhui
Published: July 2014

Six NHC Ru complexes are prepared by etherification of 4‐substituted 2‐(propen‐1‐yl)phenols with either ethyl alpha‐bromopropionate or 2‐bromo‐gamma‐butyrolactone followed by reaction with Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst in the presence of CuCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of N‐Allylamines for the Synthesis of β‐Lactams.
Authors: Li Wu , Liu Chao , Zhang Heng , Ye Keyin , Zhang Guanghui , Zhang Wangzheng , Duan Zhengli , You Shuli , Lei Aiwen
Published: July 2014

Pd‐catalyzed carbonylative cyclization of allylamines (I) offers a convenient synthesis of α‐methylene‐β‐lactams.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Poly(N,N′‐dibromo‐N‐ethylnaphthyl‐ 2,7‐disulfonamide) as an Efficient Catalyst for the Acetylation and Deacetylation Reactions.
Authors: Khazaei Ardeshir , Saednia Shahnaz , Roshani Liela , Kazem‐Rostami Masoud , Zare Abdolkarim
Published: July 2014

A new N‐bromo polysulfonamide is prepared and successfully used as catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols, phenols, thiols and amines under solvent‐free conditions as well as the deacetylation of acetate esters in aqueous medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Organozinc Pivalate Reagents: Segregation, Solubility, Stabilization, and Structural Insights.
Authors: Hernan‐Gomez Alberto , Herd Emma , Hevia Eva , Kennedy Alan R. , Knochel Paul , Koszinowski Konrad , Manolikakes Sophia M. , Mulvey Robert E. , Schnegelsberg Christoph
Published: July 2014

An opening study on organozinc pivalate complex salts is presented with a view to the promising air and moisture stability expected for these type of metalorganic reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Trifluoromethylazidation of Alkenes: Convenient Access to CF3‐Containing Alkyl Azides.
Authors: Wang Fei , Qi Xiaoxu , Liang Zhaoli , Chen Pinhong , Liu Guosheng
Published: July 2014

Several complex alkenyl‐containing steroid and cinchonine derivatives are converted with moderate yields and often good regio‐ and diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Propargylic Cations as Intermediates in SN1‐Type Reactions: Substitution Pattern, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies, and Origin of the Diastereoselectivity.
Authors: Nitsch Dominik , Huber Stefan M. , Poethig Alexander , Narayanan Arjun , Olah George A. , Prakash G. K. Surya , Bach Thorsten
Published: July 2014

The diastereoselectivity of the reaction is influenced by the steric effects at the C4‐position with the highest being for the compounds bearing a tBu‐group.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cycloaddition of 2‐Methyleneaziridines with 1,1‐Dicyanoalkenes.
Authors: Takahashi Hiroki , Yasui Seiji , Tsunoi Shinji , Shibata Ikuya
Published: July 2014

2‐Methyleneaziridines are used as substrates for the synthesis of cyclopentylidenamines via a [3 + 2] cycloaddition with dicyanoalkenes using Bu2SnI2 as an effective catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Broadly Applicable Z‐ and Diastereoselective Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis Catalyzed by a Dithiolate Ru Complex.
Authors: Koh Ming Joo , Khan R. Kashif M. , Torker Sebastian , Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: July 2014

All the products are obtained with excellent (Z)‐selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Nondirected Oxidative Alkenylation of Arenes: Arene Loading at One Equivalent.
Authors: Vora Harit U. , Silvestri Anthony P. , Engelin Casper J. , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: July 2014

Cooperative reoxidation of Rh(II) with cupric trifluoroacetate and vanadium pentoxide proves essential in providing monoalkenylated products, especially with di‐ and trisubstituted arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic Hydrogenation of Functionalized Nitrobenzenes.
Authors: Yang Xiu‐Jie , Chen Bin , Zheng Li‐Qiang , Wu Li‐Zhu , Tung Chen‐Ho
Published: July 2014

The photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes (I) with triethanolamine proceeds chemoselectively to afford anilines (II), whilst the reaction of 2‐cyanonitrobenzene (III) affords 2‐aminobenzamide (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(OAc)2‐Catalyzed Remote Benzylic C(sp3)—H Oxyfunctionalization for C—O Formation Directed by the Hindered para‐Hydroxyl Group with Ambient Air as the Terminal Oxidant under Ligand‐ and Additive‐Free Conditions
Authors: Jiang Jian‐An , Chen Cheng , Huang Jian‐Gang , Liu Hong‐Wei , Cao Song , Ji Ya‐Fei
Published: July 2014

54 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate‐Directed Hydroacylation: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Coupling of Vinylphenols and Nonchelating Aldehydes.
Authors: Murphy Stephen K. , Bruch Achim , Dong Vy M.
Published: July 2014

A catalyst system consisting of a Rh‐complex and a diphosphine allows the branched‐selective hydroacylation of styrenes bearing an ortho‐hydroxy directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Direct C—H Amidation with Weakly Coordinating Carbonyl Directing Groups under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Kim Jinwoo , Chang Sukbok
Published: July 2014

Aromatic ketones and esters are directly amidated under mild conditions using an iridium catalyst combined with acetic acid and lithium carbonate as additives.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed ortho Alkenylation of N‐Phenoxyacetamides with N‐Tosylhydrazones or Diazoesters Through C—H Activation.
Authors: Hu Fangdong , Xia Ying , Ye Fei , Liu Zhenxing , Ma Chen , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo
Published: July 2014

Two procedures for the synthesis of ortho‐alkenyl phenols through C‐H bond activation are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Metal‐Free Intermolecular Aminochlorination of Alkenes.
Authors: Martinez Claudio , Muniz Kilian
Published: July 2014

The aminochlorination of a variety of alkenes with chloramine‐T produces one of the two possible regioisomers selectively, depending on the reaction conditions used.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Aminosulfonylation of Aryldiazonium Tetrafluoroborates with DABCO·(SO2)2 and Hydrazines.
Authors: Zheng Danqing , An Yuanyuan , Li Zhenhua , Wu Jie
Published: July 2014

Uncatalyzed coupling of aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates with N,N‐disubstituted hydrazines and the DABCO bis‐SO2‐adduct offers a smooth and rapid synthesis of arylsulfonium hydrazides.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Cross‐Coupling Access to Diverse Aromatic Sulfide: Palladium‐Catalyzed Double C—S Bond Construction Using Na2S2O3 as a Sulfurating Reagent.
Authors: Qiao Zongjun , Wei Jianpeng , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: July 2014

Aromatic thioethers are efficiently synthesized by cross‐coupling of (het)aryl halides with alkyl chlorides in the presence of odorless and stable solid sodium thiosulfate.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiodivergent Synthesis of 1‐ and 2‐Arylsulfonyl 1,3‐Dienes.
Authors: Hampton Carissa S. , Harmata Michael
Published: July 2014

The isomerization of allenic sulfones to arylsulfonyl 1,3‐dienes is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐((Phenylsulfonyl)difluoromethyl)thiophenium Salts: Carbon‐Selective Electrophilic Difluoromethylation of β‐Ketoesters, β‐Diketones, and Dicyanoalkylidenes.
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Guokai , Xu Xiu‐Hua , Shibata Naoyuki , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio
Published: July 2014

The synthesis of the difluoromethylating agent (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Efficient Tetradentate Schiff Base Derived Palladium Complex for Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction in Water.
Authors: Dewan Anindita , Bora Utpal , Borah Geetika
Published: July 2014

A simple catalytic system based on a Pd‐complex of a tetradentate Schiff base promotes the Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of aryl bromides in water as the solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd Nanoparticles Immobilized on PNIPAM—Halloysite: Highly Active and Reusable Catalyst for Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling Reactions in Water.
Authors: Hong Myeng Chan , Ahn Hyunseok , Choi Myung Chan , Lee Yongwoo , Kim Jongsik , Rhee Hakjune
Published: July 2014

Preparation and characterization (TEM, X‐ray, DSC) of the catalyst are given as well.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cascade C—H Functionalization of Phenylacetophenones.
Authors: Mehta Vaibhav P. , Garcia‐Lopez Jose‐Antonio , Greaney Michael F.
Published: July 2014

A Ru(II)‐catalyzed C‐H functionalization that allows three different functionalizations of arylacetophenones with activated olefins is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction of an Arylethynyl Group onto an Anthracene Bisimide Core for Molecular Design of New π‐Conjugated Compounds.
Authors: Iwanaga Tetsuo , Tanaka Ryo , Toyota Shinji
Published: July 2014

Novel, strongly fluorescent donor‐acceptor substituted anthracene bisimides (III) and (V) are prepared via Sonogashira and Stille couplings.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Allenynes with a Carbonyl Group Through Unusual Insertion of a C=O Bond into a Rhodacycle Intermediate.
Authors: Oonishi Yoshihiro , Yokoe Takayuki , Hosotani Akihito , Sato Yoshihiro
Published: July 2014

Novel Rh‐catalyzed cyclizations of allenynes with a tethered carbonyl group are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Spirocyclization Through C—C Bond Cleavage of Benzocyclobutenones: An Efficient Approach to Functionalized Spirocycles.
Authors: Xu Tao , Savage Nikolas A. , Dong Guangbin
Published: July 2014

A range of diverse spirocycles are synthesized in good to excellent yields and many sensitive functional groups are tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Allylation of Thiophene‐2‐carbaldehyde: Formal Total Synthesis of Duloxetine.
Authors: Motloch Petr , Valterova Irena , Kotora Martin
Published: July 2014

Optimized reaction conditions are developed for the enantioselective allylation of thiophen‐2‐carbaldehyde.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphorus‐Based 1,3‐Dipoles: A Modular Approach to Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition and Polycyclic 2‐Pyrroline Synthesis.
Authors: Morin Marie S. T. , Arndtsen Bruce A.
Published: July 2014

The title chiral dipoles generated in situ from the corresponding imines, chiral phosphites, and acid chlorides, undergo intramolecular alkene cycloaddition with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Triazoloindoles via Tandem Copper Catalysis and Their Utility as α‐Imino Rhodium Carbene Precursors.
Authors: Xing Yanpeng , Sheng Guorong , Wang Jing , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: July 2014

Title compounds (III) and (V) are efficiently prepared via a tandem catalysis process involving intramolecular ligand stabilized CuAAC and Cu‐catalyzed C—N coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Synthesis of Fused N‐Heterocycles by Transition‐Metal‐Free Electrophilic Amination of Arene C—H Bonds.
Authors: Gao Hongyin , Xu Qing‐Long , Yousufuddin Muhammed , Ess Daniel H. , Kuerti Laszlo
Published: July 2014

The synthesis of fused N‐heterocycles starting from readily available 2‐nitrobiaryls and phenylmagnesium bromide is disclosed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Active Aluminum Catalysts for the Formation of Organic Carbonates from CO2 and Oxiranes.
Authors: Whiteoak Christopher J. , Kielland Nicola , Laserna Victor , Castro‐Gomez Fernando , Martin Eddy , Escudero‐Adan Eduardo C. , Bo Carles , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: July 2014

Al(III) complexes of amino‐tris(phenolate) ligand scaffolds (I) are prepared to attain effective Lewis acidic catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Full Functionalization of the Imidazole Scaffold by Selective Metalation and Sulfoxide/Magnesium Exchange.
Authors: Saemann Christoph , Coya Estibaliz , Knochel Paul
Published: July 2014

This describes the stepwise regioselective functionalization of the three carbon atoms of the imidazole scaffold with electrophiles followed by an N‐methylation.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Substituted Thiazole‐4‐carboxamide Derivatives as Tiazofurin Mimics: Synthesis and in vitro Antitumor Activity.
Authors: Popsavin Mirjana , Kojic Vesna , Spaic Sasa , Svircev Milos , Bogdanovic Gordana , Jakimov Dimitar , Aleksic Lidija , Popsavin Velimir
Published: July 2014

Title compounds (I) ‐ (III) are prepared by multistep sequences starting from D‐xylose or D‐arabinose, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition of Internal Thioalkynes under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Ding Shengtao , Jia Guochen , Sun Jianwei
Published: July 2014

Several other alkynes such as diethyl and diphenylacetylene are shown to be unreactive.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium and Copper‐Supported on Charcoal: A Heterogeneous Multi‐Task Catalyst for Sequential Sonogashira—Click and Click—Heck Reactions.
Authors: Rossy Cybille , Majimel Jerome , Delapierre Mona Treguer , Fouquet Eric , Felpin Francois‐Xavier
Published: July 2014

Palladium and copper‐supported on charcoal represent a new multi‐task catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of functionalized triazoles and triazolo[5,1‐a]isoindoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Base‐Catalyzed Divergent Isomerizations of 5‐Hydroxyl‐2,3‐dienoate.
Authors: Dong Wei , Hu Pengfei , Hu Jian , Tong Xiaofeng
Published: July 2014

Triphenylphosphine‐promoted isomerization of the title compounds (I) results in formation of a mixture of 5‐oxohexenoates (II) and (III) while DABCO as promotor gives lactones (V) as products.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Cascade Lactone Cyclization of Dicoumarol Derivatives Promoted by Tributyltin Chloride.
Authors: Rehman Sadia , Ikram Muhammad , Subhan Fazle
Published: July 2014

A novel catalytic route for the cyclization of dicumarols to obtain pyran derivatives using a tin organometallic compound as catalyst is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogenative Dearomatization of Pyridine and an Asymmetric Aza‐Friedel—Crafts Alkylation Sequence.
Authors: Wang Shuo‐Guo , You Shu‐Li
Published: July 2014

A new synthetic route to enantioenriched pyridine derivatives is presented using a chiral phosphoric acid as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Reactions for Diverse Synthesis of N‐Substituted and NH 1,4‐Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Wan Jieping , Zhou Youyi , Liu Yunyun , Fang Zheng , Wen Chengping
Published: July 2014

A number of symmetrical N‐substituted or N‐unsubstituted 1,4‐dihydropyridines are obtained by multicomponent reactions of various aromatic aldehydes, electron deficient alkynes, and NH4OAc or amines, respectively
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 5‐(3‐Alkylquinolin‐2‐yl)‐3‐aryl Isoxazole Derivatives and Their Cytotoxic Activity.
Authors: Sambasiva Rao P. , Kurumurthy C. , Veeraswamy B. , Poornachandra Y. , Ganesh Kumar C. , Narsaiah B.
Published: July 2014

All the final products are screened against four human cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐MsO/TsO/Cl Ketones as Oxidized Alkyne Equivalents: Redox‐Neutral Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation for the Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Yu Da‐Gang , de Azambuja Francisco , Glorius Frank
Published: July 2014

For the first time, α‐pseudohalo and α‐halo ketones are utilized as oxidized alkyne equivalents in Rh(III)‐catalyzed redox‐neutral annulations to efficiently generate diverse N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enantioselective Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Imino Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Eschenbrenner‐Lux Vincent , Kuechler Philipp , Ziegler Slava , Kumar Kamal , Waldmann Herbert
Published: July 2014

The title reaction leads to racemic products employing ZnCl2 as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free, Pot, Atom and Step Economic Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinazolines by an Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction Strategy.
Authors: Bhuyan Debajyoti , Sarma Rupam , Dommaraju Yuvaraj , Prajapati Dipak
Published: July 2014

The microwave‐assisted aza‐Diels—Alder reaction of 2‐naphthylamine (I) with aryl aldehydes (II) and ammonium acetate leads to desired bis‐aryl tetrahydroquinazolines (III) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Synthesis of Quinazolinones from 2‐Aminobenzonitriles and Aryl Bromides via Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation Reaction
Authors: Li Haoquan , He Lin , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: July 2014

26 examples
ChemInform Abstract: [1,5]‐Anion Relay via Intramolecular Proton Transfer to Generate 3,3‐Bis(silyl) Allyloxy Lithium: A Useful Scaffold for Syn‐Addition to Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Lin Xinglong , Ye Xincui , Sun Xianwei , Zhang Yuebao , Gao Lu , Song Zhenlei
Published: July 2014

The reaction proceeds via [1,5]‐anion relay in 3,3‐bis(silyl) benzyl enol ether.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed α‐Amination of Phosphonates and Phosphine Oxides: A Direct Approach to α‐Amino Phosphonic Acids and Derivatives.
Authors: McDonald Stacey L. , Wang Qiu
Published: July 2014

The reaction represents the first example of C—N bond formation which directly introduces cyclic and acyclic amines to the α‐position of phosphonates in one step.
ChemInform Abstract: Turning Regioselectivity into Stereoselectivity: Efficient Dual Resolution of P‐Stereogenic Phosphine Oxides Through Bifurcation of the Reaction Pathway of a Common Intermediate.
Authors: Nikitin Kirill , Rajendran Kamalraj V. , Mueller‐Bunz Helge , Gilheany Declan G.
Published: July 2014

The method represents the first example for a dual chiral resolution of a racemic substrate being based on stereochemical bifurcation of an intermediate obtained with a single chiral auxiliary.
ChemInform Abstract: Dialkylation of Diethyl Ethoxycarbonylmethylphosphonate under Microwave and Solventless Conditions.
Authors: Gruen Alajos , Blastik Zsofia , Drahos Laszlo , Keglevich Gyoergy
Published: July 2014

A multistep microwave‐assisted, solvent‐ and catalyst‐free method for the 2,2‐Dialkylation of the title methylphosphonate (I) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: New Cytotoxic Halogenated Sesquiterpenes from the Egyptian Sea Hare, Aplysia oculifera.
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. , Moustfa Alaa Y. , Mohamed Abou El‐Hamd H. , Alhammady Montaser A. , Elbehairi Serag Eldin I. , Ohta Shinji , Pare Paul W.
Published: July 2014

Oculiferane (I) and epi‐obtusane (II) are isolated from the sea hare and show cytotoxic activities against several human cancer cell lines.