bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Compare Diagnostic Ability of Contrast-Enhanced Three-Dimensional T1-SPACE with Three-Dimensional Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery and Three-Dimensional T1-Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo Magnetic Resonance Sequences in Patients of Meningitis
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Kumar Suresh , Surya Mukesh , Mahajan Anjali , Sharma Sanjiv
Published: October 2018

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare postcontrast three-dimensional (3D) T1-Sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolutions, 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and 3D T1-magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequences in patients of meningitis. Settings and Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional study done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, IGMC Shimla for a period of 1 year from June 1, 2016, to May 30, 2017. Subjects and Methods: A total of 30 patients suspected of meningitis underwent magnetic resonance imaging evaluation with postcontrast 3D T1-MPRAGE, 3D T1-SPACE, and 3D FLAIR sequences. The abnormal leptomeningeal enhancement was noted by two radiologists together on these sequences and scores were given to the abnormal leptomeningeal enhancement. Statistical Analysis Used: The sensitivity of 3D T1-SPACE, 3D T1-MPRAGE, and 3D FLAIR was calculated and compared. The level of agreement between these sequences was assessed by kappa coefficient. P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: 3D T1-SPACE shows superiority in meningeal enhancement along basal cisterns, Sylvian fissure and along cerebral convexities. It is also found to be better in delineating parenchymal lesions. 3D FLAIR failed to demonstrate enhancement along cerebral convexities however found to be better than 3D T1-MPRAGE in delineating enhancement along basal cisterns and Sylvian fissures. 3D T1-MPRAGE has shown subtle enhancement in basal cisterns, Sylvian fissure and along cerebral convexities. 3D T1-SPACE, 3D FLAIR, and 3D T1-MPRAGE has sensitivity of 91.67%, 66.67%, and 54.17%, respectively. Conclusion: Postcontrast 3D T1-SPACE sequence is an excellent tool than postcontrast 3D T1-MPRAGE and 3D FLAIR sequences in the evaluation of meningeal enhancement and depiction of additional lesions in brain parenchyma.
The country rocks of Devonian magmatism in the North Patagonian Massif and Chaitenia
Authors: Hervé Francisco , Calderón Mauricio , Fanning Mark , Pankhurst Robert , Rapela Carlos W. , Quezada Paulo
Published: October 2018

Previous work has shown that Devonian magmatism in the southern Andes occurred in two contemporaneous belts: one emplaced in the continental crust of the North Patagonian Massif and the other in an oceanic island arc terrane to the west, Chaitenia, which was later accreted to Patagonia. The country rocks of the plutonic rocks consist of metasedimentary complexes which crop out sporadically in the Andes on both sides of the Argentina-Chile border, and additionally of pillow metabasalts for Chaitenia. Detrital zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age determinations in 13 samples of these rocks indicate maximum possible depositional ages from ca. 370 to 900 Ma, and the case is argued for mostly Devonian sedimentation as for the fossiliferous Buill slates. Ordovician, Cambrian-late Neoproterozoic and “Grenville-age” provenance is seen throughout, except for the most westerly outcrops where Devonian detrital zircons predominate. Besides a difference in the Precambrian zircon grains, 76% versus 25% respectively, there is no systematic variation in provenance from the Patagonian foreland to Chaitenia, so that the island arc terrane must have been proximal to the continent: its deeper crust is not exposed but several outcrops of ultramafic rocks are known. Zircons with devonian metamorphic rims in rocks from the North Patagonian Massif have no counterpart in the low metamorphic grade Chilean rocks. These Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks were also intruded by Pennsylvanian and Jurassic granitoids.
Chlorine-initiated oxidation of n-alkanes under high-NOx conditions: insights into secondary organic aerosol composition and volatility using a FIGAERO–CIMS
Authors: Wang Dongyu S. , Hildebrandt Ruiz Lea
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Chlorine-initiated oxidation of n-alkanes (C8−12) under high-nitrogen oxide conditions was investigated. Observed secondary organic
aerosol yields (0.16 to 1.65) are higher than those for OH-initiated
oxidation of C8−12 alkanes (0.04 to 0.35). A high-resolution
time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer coupled to a Filter
Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO–CIMS) was used to characterize the gas-
and particle-phase molecular composition. Chlorinated organics were observed,
which likely originated from chlorine addition to the double bond present on
the heterogeneously produced dihydrofurans. A two-dimensional thermogram
representation was developed to visualize the composition and relative volatility
of organic aerosol components using unit-mass resolution data. Evidence of
oligomer formation and thermal decomposition was observed. Aerosol yield and
oligomer formation were suppressed under humid conditions (35 % to
67 % RH) relative to dry conditions (under 5 % RH). The temperature
at peak desorption signal, Tmax, a proxy for aerosol volatility,
was shown to change with aerosol filter loading, which should be constrained
when evaluating aerosol volatilities using the FIGAERO–CIMS. Results suggest
that long-chain anthropogenic alkanes could contribute significantly to
ambient aerosol loading over their atmospheric lifetime.
Rapid and reliable assessment of methane impacts on climate
Authors: Ocko Ilissa B. , Naik Vaishali , Paynter David
Published: October 2018

Abstract. It is clear that the most effective way to limit global
temperature rise and associated impacts is to reduce human emissions of
greenhouse gases, including methane. However, quantification of the climate
benefits of mitigation options are complicated by the contrast in the
timescales at which short-lived climate pollutants, such as methane, persist
in the atmosphere compared to carbon dioxide. Whereas simple metrics fail
to capture the differential impacts across all timescales, sophisticated
climate models that can address these temporal dynamics are often
inaccessible, time-intensive, require special infrastructure, and include
high unforced interannual variability that makes it difficult to analyse
small changes in forcings. On the other hand, reduced-complexity climate
models that use basic knowledge from observations and complex Earth system
models offer an ideal compromise in that they provide quick, reliable
insights into climate responses, with only limited computational
infrastructure needed. They are particularly useful for simulating the
response to forcings of small changes in different climate pollutants, due to
the absence of internal variability. In this paper, we build on previous
evaluations of the freely available and easy-to-run reduced-complexity
climate model MAGICC by comparing temperature responses to historical methane
emissions to those from a more complex coupled global chemistry–climate
model, GFDL-CM3. While we find that the overall forcings and temperature
responses are comparable between the two models, the prominent role of
unforced variability in CM3 demonstrates how sophisticated models are
potentially inappropriate tools for small forcing scenarios. On the other
hand, we find that MAGICC can easily and rapidly provide robust data on
climate responses to changes in methane emissions with clear signals
unfettered by variability. We are therefore able to build confidence in using
reduced-complexity climate models such as MAGICC for purposes of
understanding the climate implications of methane mitigation.
Potential of INSAT-3D sounder-derived total precipitable water product for weather forecast
Authors: Parihar Shailesh , Mitra Ashim Kumar , Mohapatra Mrutyunjay , Bhatla Rajjev
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The objectives of the
INSAT-3D satellite are to enhance the meteorological observations and to
monitor the Earth's surface for weather forecasting and disaster warning. One
of the weather-monitoring capabilities of the INSAT-3D sounder is the
estimation of water vapour in the atmosphere. The amount of water vapour
present in the atmospheric column is derived as the total precipitable water
(TPW) product from the infrared radiances measured by the INSAT-3D sounder.
The present study is based on TPW derived from INSAT-3D sounder, radiosonde
(RS) observations and the corresponding National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) satellite. To assess retrieval performances of INSAT-3D
sounder-derived TPW, RS TPW observations are considered for the validation
from May to September 2016 from 34 stations belonging to the India
Meteorological Department (IMD). The analysis is performed on daily, monthly,
and subdivisional bases over the Indian region. The comparison of INSAT-3D
TPW with RS TPW on daily and monthly bases shows that the root mean square
error (RMSE) and correlation coefficients (CC) are ∼8 mm and 0.8,
respectively. However, on subdivisional and overall scales, the RMSE found to
be in the range of 1 to 2 mm and CC was around 0.9 in comparison with RS and
NOAA. The spatial distribution of INSAT-3D TPW with actual rainfall
observation is also investigated. In general, INSAT-3D TPW corresponds well
with rainfall observation; however, it has found that heavy rainfall events
occur in the presence of high TPW values. In addition, the cases of
thunderstorm events were assessed using TPW from INSAT-3D and network of
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. This shows the good
agreement between TPW from INSAT-3D and GNSS during the mesoscale activity.
The improvement in the estimation of TPW is carried out by applying the GSICS
calibration corrections (Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System) to the
radiances from infrared (IR) channels of the sounder, which is used by IMDPS
(INSAT Meteorological Data Processing System). The current TPW from INSAT-3D
satellite can be utilized operationally for weather monitoring and forecast
purposes. It can also offer substantial opportunities for improvement in
nowcasting studies.
Stratospheric aerosol characteristics from space-borne observations: extinction coefficient and Ångström exponent
Authors: Malinina Elizaveta , Rozanov Alexei , Rieger Landon , Bourassa Adam , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P. , Degenstein Doug
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosols are of a great importance to the scientific community, predominantly because of their role in climate, but also because accurate knowledge of aerosol characteristics is relevant for trace gases retrievals from remote sensing instruments. There are several data sets published which provide aerosol extinction coefficients in the stratosphere. However, for the instruments measuring in the limb viewing geometry, the use of this parameter is associated with uncertainties resulting from the need to assume an aerosol particle size distribution (PSD) within the retrieval process. These uncertainties can be mitigated if PSD information is retrieved. While occultation instruments provide more accurate information on the aerosol extinction coefficient, in this study, it was shown that limb instruments have better potential for the PSD retrieval, especially during the background aerosol loading periods. A data set containing PSD information was recently retrieved from SCIAMACHY limb measurements and provides two parameters of the log-normal PSD for the SCIAMACHY operational period (2002–2012). In this study, the data set is expanded by aerosol extinction coefficients and Ångström exponents calculated from the retrieved PSD parameters. Errors in the Ångström exponents and aerosol extinction coefficients are assessed using synthetic retrievals. For the extinction coefficient the resulting accuracy is within ±25 %, and for the Ångström exponent, it is better than 10 %. The recalculated SCIAMACHY aerosol extinction coefficients are compared to those from SAGE II. The differences between the instruments vary from 0 to 25 % depending on the wavelength. Ångström exponent comparison with SAGE II shows differences between 10 % at 31 km and 40 % at 18 km. Comparisons with SAGE II, however, suffer from the low amount of collocated profiles. Furthermore, the Ångström exponents obtained from the limb viewing instrument OSIRIS are used for the comparison. This comparison shows an average difference within 7 %. The time series of these differences do not show signatures of any remarkable events. Besides, the temporal behavior of the Ångström exponent in the tropics is analyzed using the SCIAMACHY data set. It is shown, that there is no simple relation between the Ångström exponent and the PSD because the same value of Ångström exponent can be obtained from an infinite number of combinations of the PSD parameters.
Gregg Deal's White Indian (2016): The Decolonial Possibilities of Museum Performance
Authors: Molldrem Harkulich Christiana
Published: October 2018

Gregg Deal (Pyramid Lake Paiute) is a performance and visual artist whose work deals explicitly in decolonizing the contemporary experience of Indigenous peoples. An analysis of his performance ofWhite Indian in 2016 at the Denver Art Museum opens up the possibilities of performance as a method for museums to decolonize their spaces and curation.
OjO Latino: A Photovoice Project in Recognition of the Latino Presence in Pittsburgh, PA
Authors: Ruiz Sánchez Héctor Camilo , Pardo Gaviria Paulina , De Ferrari Rosa , Savage Kirk , Documet Patricia
Published: October 2018

In recent years, the Latino population has increased rapidly in areas with traditionally low concentration of Latinos. In these emerging communities, Latinos often live scattered, confronting social isolation and social services not tailored to serve their cultural and linguistic needs. Latinos’ invisibility in Pittsburgh is evidenced by the absence of records of the Latino presence in the city’s museums and public archives. OjO Latino, a community engaged project, sought to advance the inclusion of the Latino community in Pittsburgh through Photovoice. This participatory expression methodology enables individuals to share their stories with the larger public through cultural and artistic expression. The intentional organization of the project as a group activity facilitated the transfer of power over the project to participants, creating solidarity and fomenting trust. During four meetings participants took part in a short photography training, discussed their photographs addressing the meaning of being Latino in Pittsburgh, and selected 34 photographs for exhibition organizing them in four themes: Work, Costumes, Family and Landscape and climate. OjO Latino held one exhibit in a community venue and another one at the university. In addition, the photographs are available in an electronic public repository. OjO Latino served a dual purpose of expanding the visibility of Latinos in and educating the larger community. The OjO Latino team got closer to the ways Latino immigrants see and experience the city. Their gaze challenged our own views and experiences and also spoke the saliency of nostalgia and social networks in their lives.  The open discussion of what it means to be Latino in an emerging community and the opportunity to produce a visual account of it, along with the acknowledgment of the presence of this diverse population promote human rights, ethnic identity as well as mental and social health.
Football
Authors: Simko Nick
Published: October 2018

Artist Portfolio
Race and Resistance Amid Feminism, Priming, and Capitalism: The (surprisingly-globalized) Visual of an Asian American Woman Activist
Authors: Ungbha Korn Jenny
Published: October 2018

See that photo above of the three Asian Americans holding protest signs? I am the feminist Asian American ciswoman in the right corner supporting the yellowish-green sign. This picture has circulated on Chicago television programs, various print newspapers, and international news webpages. But why was this photo the one that became associated with this particular protest? In this article, I use critical autoethnography, informed by critical race theory and intersectional feminist theory, to examine the origin, selection, and circulation of the above visual of this protest and how this photo is related to race, feminism, activism, and resistance.
Stand types discrimination comparing machine-learning algorithms in Monteverde, Canary Islands.
Authors: Garcia-Hidalgo Miguel , Blázquez-Casado Ángela , Águeda Beatriz , Rodriguez Francisco
Published: October 2018

Aim of study: The main objective is to determine the best machine-learning algorithm to classify the stand types of Monteverde forests combining LiDAR, orthophotography, and Sentinel-2 data, thus providing an easy and cheap method to classify Monteverde stand types.Area of study: 1500 ha forest in Monteverde, North Tenerife, Canary Islands.Material and methods: RF, SVML, SVMR and ANN algorithms are used to classify the three Monteverde stand types.  Before training the model, feature selection of LiDAR, orthophotography, and Sentinel-2 data through VSURF was carried out.  Comparison of its accuracy was performed.Main results: Five LiDAR variables were found to be the most efficient for classifying each object, while only one Sentinel-2 index and one Sentinel-2 band was valuable.  Additionally, standard deviation and mean of the Red orthophotography colour band, and ratio between Red and Green bands were also found to be suitable.  SVML is confirmed as the most accurate algorithm (0.904, 0.041 SD) while ANN showed the lowest value of 0.891 (0.073 SD).  SVMR and RF obtain 0.902 (0.060 SD) and 0.904 (0.056 SD) respectively.  SVML was found to be the best method given its low standard deviation.Research highlights: The similar high accuracy values among models confirm the importance of taking into account diverse machine-learning methods for stand types classification purposes and different explanatory variables.  Although differences between errors may not seem relevant at a first glance, due to the limited size of the study area with only three plus two categories, such differences could be highly important when working at large scales with more stand types.ADDITIONAL KEY WORDSRF algorithm, SVML algorithm, SVMR algorithm, ANN algorithm, LiDAR, orthophotography, Sentinel-2ABBREVIATIONS USEDANN, artificial neural networks algorithm; Band04, Sentinel-2 band 04 image data; BR, brezal; DTHM, digital tree height model; DTHM-2016, digital tree height model based on 2016 LiDAR data; DTM, digital terrain model; DTM-2016, digital terrain model based on 2016 LiDAR data; FBA, fayal-brezal-acebiñal; FCC, canopy cover; HEIGHT-2009, maximum height based on 2009 LiDAR data; HGR, height growth based on 2009 and 2016 LiDAR data; LA, laurisilva; NDVI705, Sentinel-2 index image data; NMF, non-Monteverde forest; NMG, non-Monteverde ground; P95-2016, height percentile 95 based on 2016 LiDAR data; RATIO R/G, ratio between Red and Green bands orthophotograph data; RED, Red band orthophotograph data; Red-SD, standard deviation of the Red band orthophotograph data; RF, random forest algorithm; SVM, support vector machine algorithm; SVML, linear support vector machine algorithm; SVMR, radial support vector machine algorithm; VSURF, variable selection using random forest.
Species-diagnostic markers in the genus Pinus: evaluation of the chloroplast regions matK and ycf1
Authors: Olsson Sanna , Grivet Delphine , Cid-Vian Jeronimo
Published: October 2018

Aim of study: The identification of material of forest tree species using genetic markers was carried out. Two promising chloroplast barcode markers, matK and ycf1, were tested for species identification and reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships in pines.Area of study: The present study included worldwide Pinus species, with a wide representation of European taxa.Material and methods: All matK sequences longer than 1600 base pairs and ycf1 sequences for the same species were downloaded from GenBank, aligned and subsequently analyzed to estimate alignment statistics, phylogenetic trees and substitution saturation signals.Main results: We confirm the usefulness of the ycf1 marker for barcoding purposes and phylogenetic studies in pines, especially in studies focusing at the within-genus level relationships, but caution in the use of the matK marker is recommended.Research highlights: Incongruent phylogenetic signals between these two chloroplast markers are demonstrated in pines for the first time.Keywords: barcoding, conifers, phylogeny.Abbreviations: posterior probabilities (PP), bootstrap (BS).
The Effect of Invisible Intangibles on Volatility of Stock Prices
Authors: Alsinglawi Omar , Aladwan Mohammad
Published: October 2018

The study seeks to investigate the effect of invisible intangible assets on volatility of stock prices as an important indicator of firm value. Valuations of volatility of share prices have become a major challenge for firms; several literature evidences suggests that firm value is not only restricted to physical assets value but also to non-physical assets. The study examines whether invisible intangible assets represented by the amount of costs incurred on research and development, marketing and compensation affects the volatility of stock price. The study relies on secondary data of 59 publicly traded companies in Jordan selected from different economic groups for the period from 2012 to 2016. An OLS regression was run and the results of the entire data set gives significant positive correlation between marketing costs and volatility of stocks; whilst compensation costs was positively negative correlated to stock prices and finally the costs of research and development did not prove any effect on volatility of stock prices.
The Effect of Talent Management on Organizational Effectiveness in Healthcare Sector
Authors: Obeidat Bader , Yassin Haneen , Masa’deh Ra’ed
Published: October 2018

This study aim is to investigate the direct effect of talent management on organizational effectiveness in the health care sector. The study population consisted of all working employees at all levels, from the medical and the managerial domains with a total of 3512 employees, a quantitative research design and regression analysis were used to a convenience sample on a total of 251 valid returns that were gained in a questionnaire based survey, applied among workers from Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited Jordanian private hospitals. The findings showed that there is a strong positive correlation between the study variables; talent management and organizational effectiveness; talent management with its dimensions; attract talent, maintain talent, and develop talent, have a significant effect on organizational effectiveness. In addition the organizational effectiveness dimensions, namely job satisfaction, and organizational involvement were positively and significantly related to each other. This study implies that Jordanian hospitals should try their best to adopt and facilitate talent management strategies implementation to keep its talented employees in nurture tone and more sustained, which will eventually yield favorable results for those hospitals in regard with its effectiveness.
Analysis of Oscillations in Continuous Expenditures and Their Multiple Causalities: A Case Study
Authors: Telles Charles Roberto , Cunha Andrea Regina Burakoski da , Chueiri Ana Maria Sawaya , Kuromiya Kamila
Published: October 2018

Government expenditures constitute an event of great complexity with respect to the magnitude of financial units and the budget flow involved in each of these units. In this sense, all the financial units that compose the great public expenditure scenario are inserted in heterogeneous contexts considering the dynamics of geographic, social, cultural and political administrative space of a State. The present article seeks to understand the dynamics of public spending in view of the oscillations between years that these expenses present, understanding each type of continuous public expenditure as a nonlinear and complex system in which the causes that generate oscillations in the annual expenses of public services are investigated in the Continuous Services Sector of the Secretary of State for Education of Paraná. The article presented proposes a way of investigating continuous expenditures in a financial and later administrative dimension involving other aspects of management in a multiple causality scenario.
Proficiency Testing of Standardized Samples Shows Very High Interlaboratory Agreement for Clinical Next-Generation Sequencing–Based Oncology Assays
Authors: Merker Jason D. , Devereaux Kelly , Iafrate A. John , Kamel-Reid Suzanne , Kim Annette S. , Moncur Joel T. , Montgomery Stephen B. , Nagarajan Rakesh , Portier Bryce P. , Routbort Mark J. , Smail Craig , Surrey Lea F. , Vasalos Patricia , Lazar Alexander J. , Lindeman Neal I.
Published: October 2018

Context.—

Next-generation sequencing–based assays are being increasingly used in the clinical setting for the detection of somatic variants in solid tumors, but limited data are available regarding the interlaboratory performance of these assays.

Objective.—

To examine proficiency testing data from the initial College of American Pathologists (CAP) Next-Generation Sequencing Solid Tumor survey to report on laboratory performance.

Design.—

CAP proficiency testing results from 111 laboratories were analyzed for accuracy and associated assay performance characteristics.

Results.—

The overall accuracy observed for all variants was 98.3%. Rare false-negative results could not be attributed to sequencing platform, selection method, or other assay characteristics. The median and average of the variant allele fractions reported by the laboratories were within 10% of those orthogonally determined by digital polymerase chain reaction for each variant. The median coverage reported at the variant sites ranged from 1922 to 3297.

Conclusions.—

Laboratories demonstrated an overall accuracy of greater than 98% with high specificity when examining 10 clinically relevant somatic single-nucleotide variants with a variant allele fraction of 15% or greater. These initial data suggest excellent performance, but further ongoing studies are needed to evaluate the performance of lower variant allele fractions and additional variant types.
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy Platform Suitable for Rapid Evaluation of Small Fragments of Tissue in Surgical Pathology Practice
Authors: Krishnamurthy Savitri , Ban Kechen , Shaw Kenna , Mills Gordon , Sheth Rahul , Tam Alda , Gupta Sanjay , Sabir Sharjeel
Published: October 2018

Context.—

Rapid advances in the fields of biophotonics, computer science, and instrumentation have allowed for high-resolution imaging of biologic tissues.

Objective.—

To evaluate the quality of images from an optimized confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) platform for rapid evaluation of small fragments of tissue, compared with hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Design.—

Tissue fragments (up to 1.0 × 0.3 cm) were stained with 0.6 mM acridine orange for 60 seconds and imaged using a CFM platform at 488-nm and 785-nm wavelength. The imaged tissues were then fixed in formalin and processed to generate hematoxylin-eosin–stained tissue sections. The quality of CFM images was scored on a scale of 0 to 3 on the basis of the percentage of the CFM images with recognizable tissue architecture (0, 0%; 1, <20%; 2, 20%–50%; 3, >50%). The diagnoses made using CFM images were compared with those made using histopathologic analysis of the hematoxylin-eosin–stained tissue sections.

Results.—

We imaged 118 tissue fragments obtained from 40 breast, 23 lung, 39 kidney, and 16 liver surgical excision specimens. We acquired CFM images in 2 to 3 minutes; 95.8% (113 of 118) of images showed a quality score of 3, and 4.2% (5 of 118) had a score of 2. We achieved a sensitivity of 95.5%, specificity of 97.3%, positive predictive value of 95.5%, and negative predictive value of 97.3%.

Conclusions.—

Our results demonstrate the suitability of the CFM platform for rapid and accurate evaluation of small tissue fragments in surgical pathology practice.
Muerte, estética y filosofía: el arte de filosofar según Schopenhauer
Authors: García Roger A. Pérez
Published: October 2018

Proponemos interpretar el problema del miedo a la muerte en la filosofía deSchopenhauer como un error basado en la ilusión trascendental. En tanto error, este miedo es erradicado por argumentos, pero, en tanto ilusión, Schopenhauer debe proveernos de una vía para corregir la intuición. Esta vía, sostendremos, es la intuición estética. En ese sentido, analizamos las facultades artísticas del genio y su relación con el quehacer del filósofo; en particular, la contemplación estética como captación intuitiva de las Ideas platónicas. Sostendremos que las Ideas funcionan como bisagra entre el mundo como representación y el mundo como voluntad. Estas Ideas permiten al filósofo 1) vencer la resistencia interna que el sujeto opone a la tesis idealista al proveerla de contenido intuitivo, y 2) romper con la ilusión trascendental, al revelar el carácter ilusorio del mundo empírico e interpretarlo en función de distintos grados de objetivación de la Voluntad.
Negação da vontade e renúncia ao querer na Norma de Vincenzo Bellini: uma problematização schopenhaueriana
Authors: Bittencourt Renato Nunes
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo procura opor a característica eminentemente afirmativa da Vontade a possibilidade da autonegação, ou, dito de outro modo, expor a contradição do fenômeno consigo mesmo. Desse dilaceramento íntimo, do intenso sofrimento pessoal, bem como do consequente elevar-se acima de sua individualidade, resultaria o repúdio de si mesmo. Do mesmo modo que mesmo no repúdio sempre se trata da atividade da vontade, também a supressa o do querer presente na contemplação estética e analisada a partir da noção de que a vontade desaparece apenas da consciência, e não da contemplação em si mesma. Nesse sentido, os alvos, mesmo não sendo os da consciência comum, ainda são alvos sublimados da vontade.
O problema da afecção no pós-kantismo e a concepção de intuição empírica em Schopenhauer
Authors: Soares Daniel Quaresma F.
Published: October 2018

Este artigo começa apresentando de modo sintético elementos da polêmica em torno do chamado problema da afecção, ocorrida nos anos seguintes a publicação da Crítica da razão pura. Com esse fim, são reconstituídos brevemente alguns argumentos de Jacobi, Reinhold, Schulze e Fichte. Essa reconstituição serve de base a apresentação, em seguida, de como Schopenhauer interpreta historicamente o problema da afecção e, a seu modo, absorve suas exigências em componentes importantes de sua filosofia, procurando resolvê-lo por meio de sua concepção de intuição empírica. Como pano de fundo, a exposiça o desse movimento permite problematizar a autoproclamada rejeiça o total de Schopenhauer a filosofia pós-kantiana e, em contrapartida, evidenciar um elemento central da fidelidade schopenhaueriana ao projeto original da filosofia crítica.
Entre a "caracterologia" de Schopenhauer e o "tornar-se o que se é" de Nietzsche"
Authors: Paschoal Antonio Edmilson
Published: October 2018

Esta publicação concerne ao desdobramento de um estudo sobre o tema do sujeito. Seu foco se encontra na ambivalência de alguns aspectos do tema, como é o caso de um sujeito entendido como o "resultado" de um processo de subjetivação, por um lado, e, por outro, como um "agente" que atua sobre esse processo no intuito de dirigi-lo. O objetivo, neste artigo, e mostrar que esse tipo de ambivalência, comum nos últimos escritos de Nietzsche, na o e casual, mas corresponde a um modo peculiar de fazer filosofia que pode ser sumariado sob a expressão “margem de manobra”, que corresponde a um procedimento conhecido por ele em suas leituras de Schopenhauer. No intuito de exemplificar esse procedimento, apontaremos a ambivalência verificada na caracterologia de Schopenhauer, em especial na maneira como ele amplia o conceito de caráter, tendo em vista as seções 28 e 55 de "O mundo como vontade e representação" e, em Nietzsche, indicaremos a ambivalência presente na ideia de um autoconhecimento especialmente em "Ecce homo". Conforme pretendemos demonstrar, esse modo de fazer filosofia e indispensável para uma concepção de sujeito que pode ser identificada em Schopenhauer e que e ampliada por Nietzsche.
Una possibile conferma postuma: punti di congiunzione tra Schopenhauer e Darwin
Authors: Giaculli Fiorella
Published: October 2018

O ensaio sublinha alguns traços em comum entre o pensamento do filósofo e do naturalista: a rejeição da explicação teológica da natureza, a ideia de luta pela existência, a importância da conservação, a unidade da descendência, as semelhanças orgânicas, mentais e afetivas entre os seres vivos. Ao mesmo tempo, analisa alguns aspectos da teoria darwiniana como possível «reafirmação» da interpretação schopenhaueriana da natureza.
"Aforismos para a sabedoria de vida": uma obra de filosofia política?
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo Augusto de S.
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objeto central a análise do estatuto teórico da obra Aforismos para a sabedoria de vida, que faz parte de um considerável escrito de Schopenhauer, intitulado Parerga e Paralipomena, de 1851. A discussão acerca do estatuto teórico dos Aforismos na o pode, contudo, prescindir da tematização acerca da difícil articulação desta última com a metafísica dos costumes, presente em O mundo como vontade e como representação. Os Aforismos propõem uma eudemonologia, escritos para uma vida feliz ou menos infeliz. A problema tica inerente a questão do presente escrito e a investigação da relação entre esta suposta eudemonologia e toda a metafísica presente em O mundo (principalmente no livro IV) e em alguns outros escritos, ja que, ao que parece, existe um conflito entre tais textos: como pode haver uma eudemonologia em Schopenhauer se a existência é necessariamente sofrimento, segundo o próprio autor? Esta questão remete diretamente a pergunta pelo estatuto teórico destes Aforismos. Exporemos brevemente as principais teses no Brasil sobre o assunto e, logo em seguida, lançaremos nosso breve olhar crítico sobre a questão, a saber, um outro viés político na filosofia de Schopenhauer: os Aforismos.
A arquitetura e Schopenhauer. O problema da fruição e o lugar da arquitetura na teoria estética schopenhaueriana
Authors: Costa Gustavo Bezerra do Nascimento
Published: October 2018

No presente artigo, esboço uma problematização acerca do pensamento estético de Schopenhauer, particularmente no que diz respeito à sua análise sobre a arquitetura e a fruição do objeto arquitetônico. Pretendo abrir duas vertentes de análise, relativas a duas inquietações minhas: primeiramente, a compreensão da arquitetura em termos da submissão a relações causais e fins utilitários, deixando entrever, com isso, certa filiação de Schopenhauer aos cânones da arquitetura neoclassicista. Depois, o modo mesmo de fruição do objeto arquitetônico, limitada à contemplação visual, tendo como corolário a distinção, a meu ver, precária, entre a arquitetura e o artefato. A guisa de conclusão, procuro amalgamar tais inquietações levantando a necessidade de uma distinção entre hierarquia e transversalidade no que tange a uma compreensão da leitura estética presente no Livro III de O mundo como vontade e como representação.
Da estrutura à função: o direito penal em Arthur Schopenhauer
Authors: Durante Felipe
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo, a partir da leitura e análise das obras de Schopenhauer – em especial a terceira edição d’O mundo como vontade e representação (Die Welt als Wille und Vorstelung) de 1844, Sobre a liberdade da vontade (Über die Freiheit des Willens) de 1839, Sobre o Fundamento da moral (Über die Grundlage der Moral) de 1840, Parerga e Paralipomena (Parerga und Paralipomena) de 1851, e dos manuscritos de juventude (Der handschriftliche Nachlass) datados de 1804-1818 –, reconstituir o argumento schopenhaueriano no que se refere à questão do Direito Penal (Strafrecht). Este esforço compreende as seguintes etapas: (i) exegese dos manuscritos de juventude, a fim de selecionar os fragmentos relacionados à temática, (ii) exegese da ética schopenhaueriana, i.e., do livro IV de MVR, principalmente, do §62; (iii) exegese da obra premiada, Sobre a Liberdade da Vontade, e da obra não premiada, Sobre o Fundamento da Moral e; (iv) exegese do capítulo IX da obra Parerga e Paralipomena, Sobre a Doutrina do Direito e a Política (Zur Rechtslehre und Politik); (v) avaliar e explicitar o fundamento do direito de punir, bem como sua justificação e função. Espera-se, ao desenvolver as etapas supracitadas, expor de forma satisfatória como o direito de punir é entendido pelo autor, a estrutura na qual ele se funda, a sua função, bem como o significado de direito em suas várias acepções e formulações na obra schopenhaueriana – o direito natural, o direito moral, o direito positivo (Naturrecht, moralisches Recht, Positives Recht).
Caráter e liberdade da vontade em Arthur Schopenhauer
Authors: Mota Rodrigo
Published: October 2018

Este artigo pretende expor a visão da filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer sobre a possibilidade do livre-arbítrio humano, destacando o papel do caráter individual como fundamento último das escolhas pessoais. A onipresença da causalidade no nosso mundo representado nos impede de pensar algo sem razão suficiente. De onde vem nosso sentimento de liberdade e, principalmente, de responsabilidade? Veremos quais respostas Schopenhauer deu a estas e a outras questões relacionadas à liberdade da vontade.
Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, a eternidade da vida da Vontade e a incólume força criadora do espírito dionisíaco
Authors: Bittencourt Renato Nunes
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo estabelecemos uma convergência filosófica entre Schopenhauer e Nietzsche acerca da questão ontológica da eternidade da vida natural, não obstante a finitude da individualidade regida pelas categorias do espaço e do tempo. Demonstramos que Schopenhauer, não obstante receber a alcunha de pessimista, apresenta uma visão de mundo que permite a superação do desgosto da existência mediante a hipótese de que apenas a vida individual se anula no evento da morte, e não as condições de possibilidades da vida, a Vontade. Nietzsche, por sua vez, argumenta que a vida, apesar de sua finitude, é digna de ser vivida em sua plenitude, pois é apenas a configuração individual que se dissipa pelo acontecimento da morte, jamais a potência dionisíaca que se encontra presente em todas as formas individuais.
Inconsciente, intencionalidade e natureza: a dialética morganática entre naturalismo e transcendentalismo na metafísica da vontade de Schopenhauer
Authors: Mattioli William
Published: October 2018

Tendo como inspiração a recepção do jovem Nietzsche da metafísica da vontade, as reflexões apresentadas neste trabalho acompanham, por uma perspectiva sistemática, as diversas dificuldades com as quais Schopenhauer se depara na tentativa de compatibilizar os pressupostos metafísicos de sua filosofia da natureza com o idealismo subjetivo de cunho kantiano professado por ele. O fio condutor de nossa investigação é a relação entre as noções de inconsciente, vontade, representação e natureza. Pretendemos mostrar que uma formulação consequente do naturalismo implicado em sua teoria dos graus de objetivação da vontade exige um ultrapassamento do quadro do idealismo subjetivo kantiano rumo a um idealismo objetivo. Ao fim do trabalho discutimos algumas das teses centrais de Rudolf Malter sobre o lugar do transcendentalismo no sistema schopenhauriano.
Orgânico e inorgânico em "Sobre a vontade na natureza"
Authors: Soria Ana Carolina Soliva
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo pretende analisar alguns aspectos em que o texto Astronomia Física, apresentado em “Sobre a vontade na natureza”, ajuda-nos a compreender as relações entre a natureza orgânica e inorgânica na obra de Schopenhauer.
A ética trágica de Schopenhauer
Authors: Fellows Theo Machado
Published: October 2018

Nosso objetivo, neste artigo, é lançar um olhar sobre a singular interpretação que Schopenhauer empreende acerca da tragédia e compreender como esta interpretação está diretamente associada ao modelo ético proposto em sua principal obra, O mundo como vontade e como representação, a ponto de podermos dizer que a ética schopenhaueriana é, em última análise, uma ética trágica. Para chegarmos à interpretação schopenhaueriana, no entanto, teremos que mapear, de modo sucinto, o percurso que leva à apropriação da tragédia pela filosofia, para então chegarmos à leitura de Schopenhauer.
Il pessimismo mitteleuropeo: Otto Weininger
Authors: Ciraci Fábio
Published: October 2018

Com o presente estudo pretende-se contextualizar a obra e o pensamento do filósofo vienense Otto Weininger, tomando-o no interior da cultura centro-européia. Almeja-se, assim, expor brevemente a formação do pensador austríaco em relação à cultura pessimista da assim chamada finis Austriae. Além disso, pretende-se trazer à luz os aspectos filosóficos fundamentais da sua metafísica do amor sexual, indicando as fontes científicas e literárias que o inspiraram a fim de detectar a tensão moral e religiosa do pensamento filosófico weiningeriano, com base na qual é possível falar de um pessimismo místico, recheado pela prospectiva escatológica. Por fim, objetiva-se confrontar o pensamento de Weininger com aqueles de Arthur Schopenhauer e de Friedrich Nietzsche, destacando os pontos de distância e de diversidade em relação aos dois filósofos.
Sobre Schopenhauer e as imperfeições do intelecto humano
Authors: Fonseca Eduardo Ribeiro da
Published: October 2018

O organismo (Organismus) humano é, na visão de Schopenhauer, manifestação da Vontade e o corpo (Leib) Vontade objetivada. Segundo o filósofo, em Sobre a Vontade na Natureza, capítulo Anatomia Comparada, “A Vontade é o agente em todas as funções internas e inconscientes, mas também este corpo orgânico nada mais é do que a Vontade objetivada.” Desse modo, existe uma relação dependente do intelecto em relação à Vontade. Esta aparece frente ao psiquismo como a manifestação de um querer inconsciente, e, a partir disso, define-se o intelecto como coisa física e consciente, em contraste com a Vontade, que é metafísica e inconsciente. Disso resultam as imperfeições do intelecto que são mencionadas no presente artigo.
A crítica de Nietzsche à moral da compaixão de Schopenhauer em "Aurora": o desprezo de si como artimanha de condenação do indivíduo
Authors: Oliveira Jelson Roberto de
Published: October 2018

Pretende-se analisar a crítica de Nietzsche à moral da compaixão no que tange ao critério de negação de si como seu fundamento. Centrar-se-á, nesse artigo, nos dois primeiros livros de Aurora, obra que forma o chamado segundo período do pensamento nietzschiano e que, nessa perspectiva, é parte do processo de rompimento e distanciamento em relação à filosofia schopenhauriana.
Sobre a relação entre vida e vontade na metafísica da natureza de Schopenhauer
Authors: Moreira Fernando De Sá
Published: October 2018

Este artigo investiga o conceito de “vontade de vida” (Wille zum Leben), proposto por Schopenhauer. Pretendemos compreender como este conceito está relacionado com outras noções importantes da metafísica da natureza schopenhaueriana. Há uma óbvia relação entre as noções de “vontade” e “vida” no pensamento deste filósofo, mas não é suficiente saber isto. É necessário saber como especificamente elas são relacionadas, pois, se não prestarmos atenção aos detalhes, podemos facilmente interpretar a vontade de vida de diversos modos equivocados. De acordo com nossa interpretação, Schopenhauer defende um conceito de vontade que não é restrito à vida orgânica e consciente. Este amplo sentido de “vontade” permite Schopenhauer pensar as forças inorgânicas como vontade de vida. Todavia, não podemos ver as forças inorgânicas como formas de vida. Por esta razão, acreditamos ser necessário compreender que a vontade de vida não é somente um impulso de conservação ou um princípio vitalista.
Il mondo come volontà, idee e rappresentazione
Authors: Ciracì Fabio
Published: October 2018

Este artigo é fruto de uma longa discussão que estabeleci com diversos interlocutores a respeito do desenvolvimento da doutrina das ideias schopenhauerianas. Tal discussão iniciou-se por conta de uma reflexão sobre a filosofia de Mainländer que articulei, via e-mail, no ano de 2006, com o professor Giuseppe Invernizzi; e que, posteriormente, proseguiu autonomamente entre eu e o professor Sossio Giametta, sempre por e-mail. Agradeço, portanto, a ambos por suas contribuições e por suas frutuosas objeções, assim como por suas preciosíssimas observações. Dedico a ambos os professores o resultado de nossa rica e frutuosa troca de opiniões. Agradeço também ao professor Matthias Koβler e a seus doutorandos, Daniel Schubbe e Jens-Peter Lemanski, por terem discutido comigo as teses sustentadas no presente artigo e expostas sob o título de Schopenhauers Ideenlehre durante o Doktorandkolloquium, ocorrido em 16 de fevereiro de 2009, junto à Forschungsstelle da Universidade de Mainz. Enfim, agradeço ao Dr. Alessandro Novembre, com o qual examinei o presente estudo em sua fase de elaboração, por suas sugestões e ponderadíssimas reflexões.
Schopenhauer, Wagner e a Ópera: algumas dificuldades com a metafísica musical a partir de uma abordagem psicolinguística
Authors: Torriani Tristan
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo primeiramente procuro explicar quais são as razões que tornam pretensões metafísicas em geral muito problemáticas, a maior delas sendo a de que o metafísico não tem como fazer afirmações sobre a coisa-em-si sem estar ele mesmo interpretando fenômenos a partir da mediação de conceitos que sempre envolvem mente e linguagem. A nítida cisão entre pensamento e linguagem em Schopenhauer faz com que qualquer suposta cognição metafísica teria que ficar presa ao nível pré-verbal ou sensoriomotor, e por isso de modo algum poderia ser aceita como tendo validade universal ou absoluta. A seguir discuto a apropriação wagneriana da concepção schopenhaueriana da ópera, em que se evidencia um descompasso considerável entre o compositor e o filósofo.
Bulgarian students’ impulsivity differentiated by gender, age, and some scientific areas
Authors: Stoyanova Stanislava , Giannouli Vaitsa
Published: October 2018

Impulsivity is opposed to reflexivity as a cognitive style. This study investigated the frequency distribution of impulsivity in Bulgarian students, as well as some socio-demographic (gender, age, and some scientific areas – social sciences and humanities, as well as sport) differences in impulsivity. Impulsivity opposed to Reflexivity was assessed by means of a sub-scale of the computerized test method Attitude towards Work from Vienna Test System among 141 Bulgarian students. The results revealed slightly more frequent impulsivity than reflexivity in Bulgarian students, but not any gender, age or scientific areas main effects on impulsivity/reflexivity, only their interaction effect, such that younger male students in sport were more impulsive than older male students in sport. A minor trend was found reflexivity to increase with longer sports practice. These findings may indicate the quality of taken decisions in youth.
Aristotle’s entelechy and eudaimonia in sports
Authors: Roumpou Stavroula
Published: October 2018

Athletics, a microcosm of real life, is and constantly has been a polymorphous phenomenon, encompassing contemporary ideas of life, mind, spirit and emotion. Among Aristotle's several contributions to modern thought, one of the most intriguing, was the idea of what eudaimonia, the highest good is and the means for its fulfillment. Whilst shifting the guiding concerns from the rather moral athletic affairs on the means towards self-fulfillment, the impetus of the current article was to delve, under the teleological Aristotelian lens, on modern philosophical concerns related to successful accomplishment that expands beyond athletic effectiveness, envisioning an alternate path of approaching not only athletic psychosynthesis, but in addition, mental states that are experienced spiritually, delivering the Athlete’s ideological as well as ethical finishing touch.