bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Youth perspectives on genetic inheritance, carrier status and disclosure
Authors: Barrie Alpha-Umaru
Published: August 2018

Knowledge about genetic inheritance as a concept in children and young people with bleeding disorders is synonymous, in many ways, with other inherited genetic conditions. Children and young people have a more physiological understanding of inheritance, but may hold mistaken and inaccurate beliefs in understanding basic genetics. There are complex ethical and social problems in the genetic testing of youngsters with bleeding disorders to establish carrier status. Current guideline recommendations indicate circumstances where clear psychosocial and medical benefits can be demonstrated. However, children and young people have a reduced capacity to understand the tests and their implications, and in many cases family communication may impact the extent of disclosure of genetic risk factors. This paper explores the genetics of inherited bleeding disorders, including basic knowledge of the concept of inheritance and reproductive risks. Carrier status in children and young people will be considered, drawing on legal rulings that may shed light on best practice in establishing carrier status based on genetic testing. Communication patterns within families around inherited bleeding disorders and the complicated process of disclosure will also be discussed.
Does a patient’s personality style impact health outcomes?
Authors: McIntosh Kam
Published: August 2018

This case describes a young man with severe haemophilia B who uses the “avoiding” mode of behaviour, leading to isolation and reduced ambulation. Health care providers promoting health change behaviour were able to empower the patient to direct his care toward his desired outcomes. As his self-awareness increases, he begins to use another mode of behaviour: compromising. Thomas- Kilmann’s conflict management framework is a novel approach to bringing two sides together in a working partnership. This challenging case shows the balance between a patient’s self-care and symbiotic interaction with HCPs to achieve successful health outcomes.
Use of arteriovenous fistula in children with bleeding disorders
Authors: West Victoria
Published: August 2018

Haemophilia and associated bleeding disorders are chronic conditions that require easy, accessible, and reliable venous access for treatment. Peripheral venous access is traditionally the first option considered for prophylaxis. The initial introduction of prophylaxis to a child is during the first two years of life, and peripheral access can be problematic. Central venous catheters (CVC), for example port-a-caths, are widely used among this group; however, these devices require surgical insertion and are not without their own complications. Data were collected on venous access methods used at the paediatric centre at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital, where 242 children are registered at the comprehensive care centre, 48 of whom have a severe bleeding disorder. Of these 48, 27 have a CVC currently (PICC n=1, Port-a-Cath n=25, Hickman line n=1) and 3 have an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Patient 1 is a 12 year-old boy with severe haemophilia A and an intracranial haemorrhage at the age of 9 months. He remains on prophylaxis and had an AVF created 5 years ago following repeated port-a-cath infections and poor venous access. Patient 2 is a 7 year-old boy with severe haemophilia B and an inhibitor, who has also had repeated port-a-cath infections. An AVF was constructed 2 years ago. Patient 3 is a 12 year-old girl with type III von Willebrand disease and an inhibitor. Due to need for regular factor treatment in the context of poor venous access, an AVF was formed. We have had a 100% success rate with all three AVFs at a follow-up period of 8-69 months. Our experience suggests AVF is a viable option of venous access in patients with haemophilia and other bleeding disorders, especially so for children with repeated CVC infections or poor peripheral venous access. However, this is not a straightforward option and further evidence on long-term use based on multicentre research will be beneficial in managing AVF in this group of patients.
Measles Vaccine Virus Taqman-MGB v1
Authors: Finger Mitchell , A Northill Judy , M Mackay Ian
Published: August 2018

This previously unpublished protocol aims to amplify genotype A measles virus (MeV) strains but not non-mealses viruses. Mitchell Finger and Michael Lyon developed this in-house test in 2010. The assay targets the intergenic region between the M (matrix) and F (fusion) genes, designed as a qualitative test for investigating measles vaccine virus (MVV) strains. Numbering indicates the oligonucleotide location on the sequence with MeV strain Edmonston (Moraten vaccine), complete genome, GenBank accession number AF266287.
DNA extraction for vertebrate tissues using Phenol:Chloroform:Isoamylol v1
Authors: Li Chang
Published: August 2018

This protocol is used to clarity the process of total DNA extration for L. maculatus genome.
Short insert size WGS libraries preparation for assembly of the Lateolabrax maculatus genome v1
Authors: Li Chang
Published: August 2018

This protocol is used to clarity the process of the short insert size WGS libraries preparation for the L. maculatus.
Measles Vaccine Virus Taqman-MGB v2
Authors: Finger Mitchell , Lyon Michael , A Northill Judy , M Mackay Ian
Published: August 2018

This previously unpublished protocol aims to amplify genotype A measles virus (MeV) strains but not non-mealses viruses. Mitchell Finger and Michael Lyon developed this in-house test in 2010. The assay targets the intergenic region between the M (matrix) and F (fusion) genes, designed as a qualitative test for investigating measles vaccine virus (MVV) strains. Numbering indicates the oligonucleotide location on the sequence with MeV strain Edmonston (Moraten vaccine), complete genome, GenBank accession number AF266287.
Change Vulnerability Forecasting Using Deep Learning Algorithm for Southeast Asia
Authors: Ismail Amelia Ritahani , Ali Nur ‘Atikah Binti Mohd , Sulaiman Junaida
Published: August 2018

Climate change is expected to change people’s livelihood in significant ways. Several vulnerability factors and readiness factors used for measuring the prediction index of that particular country on how vulnerable of a country towards global change. Primary data was collected from University of Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index (ND-GAIN). The data has been trained for the forecasting purpose with support from the validated statistical analysis. The summary of the predicted index is visualized using machine learning tools. The results developed the correlation between vulnerability and readiness factors and shows the stability of the country towards climate change. The framework is applied to synthesize findings from Prediction index studies in South East Asia in dealing with vulnerability to climate change.
Modelo de gestión del conocimiento apoyado en las tecnologías de información y comunicación
Authors: Rubio Arriaga Zurisaddai , De la o burrola Verónica guadalupe , Ruíz Corrales Missael
Published: August 2018

Las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) ofrecen la posibilidad de agilizar los procesos, obtener información veraz, oportuna y confiable, lo que lleva a generar una ventaja competitiva a largo plazo; un gran número de empresas hacen uso de la tecnología en cada uno de los procesos que se llevan a cabo de manera interna o externa en la organización, y una de las actividades principales dentro de una empresa soportada por el uso de las TIC está en el área de finanzas, contabilidad y auditoría. En este entorno los profesionales de las áreas mencionadas (contadores) deberían contar con la competencia del conocimiento y uso de este tipo de herramientas en su quehacer profesional con el fin de convertirse en una ventaja competitiva sostenida dentro de un proceso de gestión de conocimiento organizacional. Por lo anterior, se realiza una discusión acerca de los distintos modelos de gestión de conocimiento existentes, se toma como base el modelo de Nonaka y Takehuchi por ser el más utilizado y aceptado, se replantea dicho modelo ya existente incorporando el rol de las TIC en el campo específico de la contabilidad. El modelo propuesto puede evaluarse y posteriormente replicarse y adaptarse para otras profesiones.
Metamorphosis Inside and Out: Transformative Learning at Portland State University
Authors: Reitenauer Vicki , Draper-Beard Katherine Elaine , Schultz Noah
Published: August 2018

In this article, the authors (a faculty member and two former students) describe the trajectory that Portland State University has taken over its history to institutionalize transformative learning opportunities within its comprehensive general education program, University Studies. Following a description of the institutional changes that resulted in the community-based, experientially focused courses at the heart of University Studies, the authors explore one particular community partnership involving both a state agency and the national Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program, dedicated to offering transformative experiences in which incarcerated and non-incarcerated students learn together inside correctional facilities. Finally, each author shares a reflective essay about the personal transformation experienced through these Inside-Out courses and the implications of these changes on their lives.
People, Practices, and Patterns: Transforming into a Learning Institution
Authors: Heinrich Bill , Yaklin Breana , Goodrich David J. , Knott Jessica L.
Published: August 2018

The Challenge: Organizational transformation takes time, energy, and patience. Intentional change was engaged by an academic-administrative unit, The Hub for Innovation in Learning and Technology (the Hub). The Hub aspires to help Michigan State University (MSU) “reinvent itself as a learning institution” by transforming ourselves so that we might transform others. The authors, all current employees of the Hub, provide an in-depth look into the challenges and triumphs of purposeful organizational change.
Potential Consequences: Without change, MSU would maintain existing gaps on measures of student success among different demographic groups. The key audience of these efforts are learners in the university while considering the surrounding system of faculty, staff, administrators, curriculum, assessment, and student engagement efforts.
Description/Analysis/Methods: The Hub catalyzes innovative ways to collaborate, learn, research, and impact learning. We design new opportunities that take advantage of skills and connections across the disciplines. The Hub adapted work practices that can sustain transformation. The Hub also built a physical space reflective of these strategies.
Rationale/Reflection/Replication: Initial practices resulted in a series of careful, bold learning pathways focused on new capacity and professional development for stakeholders. We extrapolated experiences, practices, and findings for other transforming university, business, and organizational contexts.
Application of Tower Girder Asynchronous Construction Technology
Authors: Li Xiao , He Qiantu
Published: August 2018

When constructing the tower beam in a traditional way, the tower beam will be simultaneously constructed with the tower column, it asks for a complicated construction procedure, difficult construction organization, long operating cycle, and highly increased construction cost. With the progress of technology, Asynchronous construction scheme of the tower column and tower beam is adopted and applied. This paper is based on the case of asynchronous construction of the H-type cable tower and beam of the six large-span Ao jiang Bridges.
Influence of the dense extract from herb of Primula veris L. On the oxidative stress development and the functional state of the cardiomyocytes mitochondria of rats with experimental chronic heart failure
Authors: Popova T.A. , Muzyko E.A. , Kustova M.V. , Bychenkova M.A. , Perfilova V.N. , Prokofiev I.I. , Samoylova M.A. , Tyurenkov I.N. , Latypova G.M. , Kataev V.A.
Published: August 2018

Experimental chronic heart failure (CHF), caused by administration of L-isoproterenol (2.5 mg/kg twice a day intraperitoneally for 21 days), promotes uncoupling of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. The rate of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in the metabolic state V3 by Chance in animals with CHF decreased by 53.3% (p<0.05) with malate using (as an oxidation substrate feeding сomplex I of the electron transport chain (ETC)), by 70.6% (p<0.05) with succinate using (сomplex II substrate) and by 63.6% (p<0.05) when malate and succinate were added simultaneously. The respiratory control ratio significantly decreased 2.3 times for сomplex I, 2.5 for сomplex II, and 2.6 times for the simultaneous operation of two respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria of CHF rats compared to intact animals. Mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental CHF is evidently due to the development of oxidative stress. It was revealed that the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the group of rats with experimental CHF was higher by 54.7% (p<0.05), as compared with intact animals. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase was lower by 17.5% (p<0.05), and by 18.4%, respectively than in the intact group. The dense extract from herba of Primula veris L. (DEHPV) 30 mg/kg limits the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with experimental CHF, as evidenced by an increase in the role of V3 respiration for the first and second respiratory chain complexes in 1.7 (p<0.05) and 2.0 times (p<0.05), respectively, the ratio of respiratory control (RCR) – 1.7 times (p<0.05) for сomplex I and 2 times (p<0.05) for сomplex II compared with the negative control. The concentration of MDA was by 15.7% (p<0.05), lower and the activity of SOD was by 56.3% (p<0.05) higher.
Efficacy of Erythropoietin in treatment of anemia in patients hospitalized in the ICU of Ardabil city hospital
Authors: Feizi Iraj , Norouzi Vadood
Published: August 2018

Background: Several studies have shown that approximately 95% of patients who have been admitted to the ICU are anemic. Anemia in acute patients leads to significant transfusion. Transfusion can lead to significant complications. Because of the risks of transfusion an alternative therapy for anemia in patients seems be a necessary need for its. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Erythropoietin in treatment of anemia in patients hospitalized in the ICU of Ardabil city hospital.Methods: This study is a clinical trial. In this study after selection of patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, their data were entered in a check list. Patients were divided into two groups of 35 persons randomly. For first group, erythropoietin was administrated in addition of iron and in second group only iron was administrated. All patients were administrated 100 mg of iron. Hematological indexes and clinical status of patients was evaluated and results were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 19.Results: In this study, in cases 65.7% and in controls 71.4% were male. The average age of patients in cases was 61.6±20.8 and controls were 61.02±22.5 years. The mean duration of hospitalization in internal ICU was 37.73 days and in surgical ICU was 21.35 days and was observed that at baseline the hemoglobin levels in internal patients was lower than surgical patients (p=0.023). 80% of patients in case group (5.8 units) and 88.57% of patients in controls (6.3 units) required blood transfusion. The hemoglobin level in erythropoietin receiving group increased significantly compared to the control group.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that erythropoietin is an effective drug to increase hemoglobin level and can provide a significant increase in hemoglobin level compared to placebo.
Bronchoprotective effect of Zingiber officinale roscoe (Ginger) in guinea pigs
Authors: Samal Satyajit , Sahu Yajnesh P. , Biswal Sashi B. , Rath Bhabagrahi
Published: August 2018

Background: To evaluate the bronchoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale (AZO) in guinea pigs and compare the same with that of standard drugs.Methods: Guinea pigs of either sex weighing between 350 to 450 Grams were randomly divided into 13 groups, each group containing 6 animals. Bronchospasm was induced by placing guinea pigs in histamine exposition chamber and exposing them to either 0.25% of histamine acid phosphate or 10% acetyl choline through a nebuliser under 40mm Hg pressure. The time for development of asphyxia was noted. After two and half hours, the animals were administered orally with vehicle / drugs as per the following: Gr I- Normal saline 1ml/100 Grams, Gr II- Salbutamol 1.6mg/kg, Gr III- Chlorpheniramine maleate 0.8mg/kg, Gr IV to Gr VI- AZO 200, 400, and 800mg/kg, Gr VII- AZO 200mg/kg and Salbutamol 0.8mg/kg. For acetylcholine-induced Bronchospasm Gr III animals received atropine 2mg/kg and Gr VII was not taken, rest others remaining the same. After 1 hour of treatment, the animals were again exposed to histamine or acetyl choline aerosol. The exposition time for each animal was again noted and mean increase or decrease in exposition time were noted. The data were subjected to stastical analysis by using paired ‘t’ test. Percentage of protection was also calculated.Results: AZO at all the doses studied (except 200mg/kg), showed highly significant increase in exposition time against histamine-induced bronchospasm. Combination of AZO (200mg/kg) with salbutamol (0.8mg/kg) also produced augmented effect. But against Acetylcholine induced bronchospasm, AZO did not produce any significant protective effect at any of the doses.Conclusions: AZO produced significant dose dependant bronchoprotection against histamine induced bronchospasm which might be due to antihistaminic action.
Genotoxic evaluation of ceftriaxone by in vivo micronucleus test in albino mice
Authors: Dayana Kunjumon , Manasa Megaravalli R.
Published: August 2018

Background: Genotoxicity screening of drugs is essential. It is mandatory for new drugs. However, screening of drugs already in use is also necessary. Several cephalosporins are reported to induce chromosomal aberrations in previous studies. But there is paucity of data regarding the genotoxic potential of ceftriaxone. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic potential of ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, by micronucleus assay in albino mice.Methods: In vivo micronucleus test was performed with mice bone marrow after intraperitoneal injection of ceftriaxone at 100mg/kg BW and 200mg/kg BW at 24 hr and 48 hr harvest time. Mice bone marrow was harvested, and slides were prepared. The percentage of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (% MnPCE) and the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE:NCE) were determined. The data from ceftriaxone treated groups was compared with control group and analyzed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test.Results: Ceftriaxone at the dose of 100mg/kg BW and 200mg/kg BW did not exhibit any significant increase in the percentage of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. It also did not decrease the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes significantly.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that ceftriaxone is not genotoxic in in vivo micronucleus study in albino mice at a dose of 100mg/kg BW and 200mg/kg BW.
Cost variation analysis of oral anti-diabetic drugs
Authors: Mehani Rekha , Sharma Parag
Published: August 2018

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder, one of the major causes of morbidity, mortality and needs lifelong treatment. There are large numbers of oral anti-diabetic drugs available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are numerous brands available for each of the individual oral anti-diabetic drug. Thus, a study was planned to find out cost variation among different brands of same active oral anti-diabetic drug.Methods: Cost of a particular drug being manufactured by different companies, in the same strength and dosage forms was obtained from the price list provided by the pharmaceutical companies in Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) (October 2017- January 2018). The difference in the maximum and minimum price of the same drug manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies and percentage variation in price was analyzed.Results: Percentage cost variation of the commonly used drugs found was seen highest with Sulfonylureas (Glimepiride - 562%) followed by Metformin (492%) which was followed by Pioglitazone (488%), DPP-4 inhibitor Teneligliptin (231%), α- glucosidase inhibitors (Voglibose 284%), Meglitinides (Repaglinide 0.5mg 154%) and lowest was seen with Repaglinide 2mg (15%).Conclusions: There is very wide cost variation among different brands of the same oral anti-diabetic drugs manufactured in India. The average percentage cost variation of different brands of the same oral anti diabetic drugs manufactured in India is very wide. The appraisal and management of marketing drugs should be directed toward maximizing the benefits of therapy and minimizing negative personal and economic consequences.
Drug utilization study of antihypertensive drugs used in the treatment of second and third trimester of pregnancy in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Lahamate Shrikant B. , Razvi Syed U. , Baig Mirza S. , Doifode Sudhakar M.
Published: August 2018

Background: Hypertensive disorders are major cause of the perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Aim of study was to evaluate current trend of antihypertensive drugs and to assess frequency and distribution of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for period of six months in collaboration with department of obstetrics and gynaecology. Patients data recorded in case report form and analysed to study prescription pattern and related information.Results: Total of 104 cases were enrolled in this study. Prescribed antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy were Labetalol, Nifedipine, MgSO4 and furosemide. Most commonly prescribed drug was labetalol. In this study, Gestational hypertension was most common diagnosis in hypertensive disorder. Majority of drug prescribed from category C and A. In present study, Single drug therapy was most commonly prescribed for hypertension in pregnancy was 64.42% whereas multiple drug therapy was 35.57%. Most common maternal complication was anaemia i.e. 54.05% followed by placental abruption in 24.3%. Neonatal outcome was low birth weight i.e.36% followed by preterm birth i.e.24%.Conclusions: Labetalol found to be most common prescribed drug. Single drug therapy prescription was high as compared to multiple drug therapy prescription in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Gestational hypertension was most common cause of hypertensive disorder. Anaemia was found to be most common maternal complication encountered in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Most common adverse neonatal outcome was low birth weight.
Study on drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive medication in tertiary care hospital of Telangana, India
Authors: Vashishta K.
Published: August 2018

Background: Hypertension is leading cause of deaths in the world. It is the major risk factor for systemic disorders including cardiovascular, renal and brain disorders. A drug utilization review on antihypertensive drugs should be done to determine different classes of antihypertensive medications with respect to diagnosis. Aim was to study drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive medication in a tertiary care hospital, Telangana.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was done in the patients with hypertension for duration of one year i.e. from April 2017 to May 2018 in the department of Pharmacology at Mallareddy Narayana multispecialty hospital, suraram, Telangana. A total 130 Patients who were suffering with acute, chronic hypertension and admitted in general medicine department and undergoing antihypertensive treatment were included.Results: A Total of 130 patients with history of hypertension were included. majority of patients i.e., 46.1% (60/130) were among 51-60 years, followed by 24.6% (32/130) patients among 41-50 years., Male predominance 80/130 61.5%) compared to females 50/130 (38.4%). In the Present study, 105(80.7%) prescriptions had Monotherapy prescription and 25/130 (19.2%) has combination of two. The most frequently prescribed drug as monotherapy was Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) about 52.3%, Beta blockers constitute about 14.2%, and diuretics about 19%, 9.5% Angiotension Receptor Blockers (ARBs) and alpha-Adrenergic Blocker (AABs), 4.7% ACE inhibitors.Conclusions: Calcium channel blockers are the highest among the drugs that are used as monotherapy. In combination therapy, diuretic with angiotensin receptor blocker and calcium channel blocker with beta blocker are the frequently prescribed drugs.
First prescription analysis of antipsychotics in a tertiary care center: a pilot study
Authors: Bhandari Prasan R. , Dongerkery Kavita V.
Published: August 2018

Background: Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Antipsychotic remain the mainstays in the treatment of schizophrenia. There is limited evidence in Indian literature regarding the prescribing pattern of antipsycotics. Hence a drug utilization study was designed to assess the prescription trends of antipsycotics in this tertiary care centre.Methods: The study population comprised of all newly diagnosed patients of schizophrenia attending the tertiary care hospital. This was a part of a study which included all patients with psychiatric disorders.Results: In this study it was seen that olanzapine 15 (35.71%) was the most commonly used anti-psychotic drug followed by risperidone 12 (28.57%), ilperidone 2 (4.76%) and haloperidol 2 (4.76%) being the least.Conclusions: The published evidences confirm that atypical anti-psychotics are suitable for schizophrenic patients and are better tolerated when compared to the typical antipsychotic drugs. This pattern of prescribing correlates with the world- wide changing trends in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Pattern of management of febrile neutropenia among breast cancer patients treated with different chemotherapeutic regimens
Authors: S. Arun , Mohamedali Seema P. , M. Anuradha
Published: August 2018

Background: Breast cancer is one of the common malignancies in females. Chemotherapy with Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by the Docetaxel (AC-T, Regimen-I), AC followed by Docetaxel and Carboplatin (AC-T+Cr, Regimen-II) and AC followed by Docetaxel and Trastuzumab (AC-T+Tr, Regimen-III) are commonly given for treatment. These cause myelosuppression and febrile neutropenia and need necessary interventions.Methods: This is a prospective open labelled observational comparative study to evaluate the antibiotic usage needed to treat sepsis following febrile neutropenia among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with regimen I, II and III. All patients received prophylactic Pegfilgrastim / Filgrastim. Antibiotics used and days in intensive care unit (ICU) in all the 8 cycles of chemotherapy were recorded. 38 patients in Regimen I, 40 patients in Regimen II and 46 patients in Regimen III completed the study and were included in the statistical analysis.Results: In regimen II, following cycle 2 of chemotherapy, none of the patients needed antibiotic therapy. Antibiotic use was maximum, following cycle 1of chemotherapy in regimen I and III, maximum number of antibiotics prescribed were 7. Number of days of ICU care needed for regimen II patients following 3rd cycle of chemotherapy was 3.5±3.5 days. No ICU care was needed for regimen III patients, following cycles 2, 3 and for regimen II following cycle 7.Conclusions: Febrile neutropenia produced by chemotherapy were effectively treated with intravenous antibiotics in ICU for an average of 2-3 days. No mortality was associated with febrile neutropenia and all patients were recovered.
Impact of educational intervention on the awareness of undergraduate medical students towards teratogenicity: an observational study
Authors: Gupta Rohini , Gupta Brij Mohan , Gupta Apeksha
Published: August 2018

Background: The term teratogenicity is defined as any morphological, behavioral or biochemical effect induced during embryonic life or fetal life detected at birth or later. the factors that lead to teratogenicity include both non-genetic and genetic factors. The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of educational interventions on the awareness of undergraduate medical students towards teratogenicityMethods: The present study was a questionnaire-based comparative observational study carried out at Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Government Medical College, Jammu (J&K) for a period of three months from 1st November 2017 to 31st January 2018. The questionnaire was designed and validated by conducting pilot study on a sample of ten students. The questionnaire comprised of two main parts. The first part comprised of questions pertaining to the demographic profile of the students and second part consisted of questions assessing the students’ knowledge and awareness towards teratogenicity. The scoring of the assessment of the performance of the students regarding knowledge of various aspects of teratogenicity was done before and after the educational intervention and was compared using paired t-test.Results: A total of 134 second year MBBS undergraduate students participated in the study. Mean age of students was 19.32±0.82 years. In the present study it was found that before the educational intervention about 98.5% of the students and after the intervention all the students were aware of the term teratogenicity. About 69.4% of students knew about all the causes that lead to teratogenicity but after the intervention about 76.1% of the students knew about it. Also, the percentage of students who knew about the name of two teratogenic drugs and two teratogenic defects associated with drugs were only 31.3% and 22.3% respectively. After the educational intervention it increased to 61.9% and 52.2% respectively.Conclusions: In the present study, it was found that after the educational intervention, there was a significant improvement in the mean knowledge score of the students. This reflects the need of early exposure of students to this important issue of teratogenicity.
The study of effects of inhibition of the renin angiotensin system on memory in rats
Authors: Kulkarni Medhinee , Pandit Prasad , Bhave Kiran
Published: August 2018

Background: The existence of an independent renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) has been well-established and is known to modulate various pathological processes such as neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neural injury, in addition to the RAAS in the cardiovascular system.Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats were divided into 3 study groups (n=6; Losartan, Ramipril, Normal Saline), trained on the Cook’s Pole climbing apparatus till the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) rate was 100%. The retention of CAR was tested each week for 4 consecutive weeks. The number of times that the animal successfully avoided the shock, and the time taken for this avoidance were measured and compared with placebo (Normal Saline). The values have been expressed as Mean±Standard Deviation (SD). A p-value of less than 0.05 has been considered as significant.Results: The retention of the conditioned avoidance response in the group receiving study drugs was significantly more than the placebo group. However, there was no show significant difference between Losartan and Ramipril in the rate of retention, or the time taken for avoidance.Conclusions: In this study, Ramipril and Losartan have a beneficial effect on learning and memory as compared to plcebo.
Pré-natal odontológico nos postos de saúde de Passo Fundo/RS
Authors: Gonçalves Patrícia Moreira , Sonza Quéli Nunes
Published: August 2018

Considerando a importância da saúde bucal em gestantes, este estudo pesquisou como funciona o Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, no município de Passo Fundo - RS, na área de atendimento odontológico junto às enfermeiras responsáveis pelas unidades básicas de saúde, as quais são responsáveis pelo pré-natal. Verificou-se a realização e acompanhamento do pré-natal odontológico pelos cirurgiões dentistas com a finalidade de conhecer o tipo de informações transmitidas às gestantes sobre a importância do pré-natal odontológico, e também como os cirurgiões dentistas desenvolvem o atendimento odontológico durante o período gestacional, além de orientações em programas de atendimento coletivo. Diante disso pode-se observar que os cirurgiões dentistas que atuam nas unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Passo Fundo - RS desenvolvem o pré-natal odontológico, porém não preconizam o atendimento coletivo com base nos programas que preveem organização de grupo de pacientes recebendo informações orientações através de palestras e outras atividades semelhantes. As conclusões apontaram que há atendimento nas unidades de saúde pública, todavia não há profissionais em número suficiente para atender a demanda e cumprir programação de atendimento preventivo coletivo.
Resistência à compressão, flexão e tração diametral de cimentos resinosos em tempos diferentes de armazenamento
Authors: Galvão Maria Nadilza Alves , Brandt William Cunha , Miranda Milton Edson , Vitti Rafael Pino
Published: August 2018

Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a resistência à compressão, tração diametral e flexão de dois cimentos resinosos de presa dual. Métodos: foi utilizado o cimento autoadesivo RelyX U200 (3M ESPE) e o cimento convencional Variolink II (Ivoclar Vivadent). Foram confeccionados corpos de prova cilíndricos com 4mm de diâmetro x 6mm de altura para o teste de compressão, 6mm de diâmetro x 2mm de altura para o teste de tração diametral (ISO 9917-1:2007) e em forma de barra com 25mm de comprimento x 2mm de altura e largura para o teste de flexão três pontos (ISO 4049:2009). As amostras foram armazenadas por 24h (n = 10) e 45 dias (n = 10) em água destilada a 37ºC. Os testes foram realizados em uma máquina universal de ensaios EMIC (DL 2000) com uma célula de carga de 2000 Kgf para o teste de compressão e 200 Kgf para os testes de tração diametral e flexão, à uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância dois critérios (ANOVA) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Resultados: os resultados mostraram valores estatisticamente similares para todas as propriedades mecânicas avaliadas entre todos os cimentos e tempos de armazenamento estudados. Conclusões: A composição química dos cimentos resinosos e o armazenamento em água por 45 dias não foram suficientes para ocasionar alterações nas propriedades mecânicas avaliadas nesse estudo.
A imortalidade do útero de Henrietta Lacks: Um olhar literário sobre questões éticas, de gênero e raça
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Pratesi de
Published: August 2018

O seguinte trabalho é fruto do encontro entre o curso Antropologia do(s) Útero(s) e a obra literária “A vida Imortal de Henrietta Lacks”, escrita pela jornalista Rebecca Skloot. Em meio às discussões corpóreas e metafóricas sobre úteros e a vasta temática da saúde, exploramos eixos que tangenciam discussões sobre raça, corpo, moralidade e ciência. Como forma de apresentar tal imersão, apoio-me no livro que conta a história de Henrietta Lacks e a jornada de sua família, ativistas em busca de verdades sobre as células retiradas do útero de Henrietta. As células, extraídas sem seu consentimento, foram mantidas vivas e se tornaram protagonistas na revolução das tecnologias médicas do século XX. Deste modo, nasceram as células HeLa, impulsionando uma indústria biomédica multibilionária, porém, a história da família Lacks, intensamente marcada pela tragédia da perda de sua mãe, se encontra silenciada e a serviço de uma ética médica desumana, racista e mercadológica. Busco apresentar eixos de análise que articulam o percurso ético das células, passando pelo contexto no qual elas foram extraídas e a trajetória da família Lacks, na busca de esclarecimentos e reconhecimento pelas suas contribuições à ciência médica. A narrativa pretende abrir para novos horizontes que dialogam com o universo pulsante dos úteros.
Contestações ritmadas. Notas sobre o simbolismo do útero presente em relatos de parto
Authors: Tempesta Giovana Acácia
Published: August 2018

O ensaio focaliza aspectos do processo histórico de transformação da experiência de parto no Brasil presentes em relatos de parto de mulheres de camadas médias urbanas. Neste cenário, que emerge no horizonte da crescente medicalização da gestação e da luta contra a violência obstétrica, o parto humanizado, pensado como um “laboratório moral”, surge como uma experiência profunda de conexão. O campo etnográfico aponta para a configuração de novas subjetividades femininas, maternas e feministas, mediadas pela tecnologia leve manejada pelas doulas e também pelos grupos de apoio a gestantes, articuladas em um imaginário cultural contra-hegemônico, centrado na potência desestabilizadora das capacidades reprodutivas femininas.
Fagmentos de (micro)realidades recifenses: Deficiência como categoria mobilizadora de relações a partir de relatos da síndrome congênita do zika vírus
Authors: Justino André Filipe
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo explora algumas das possibilidades de relações sociais que se desdobram a partir de um fenômeno recente: a epidemia de Zika de 2014 e o surto da Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus. Partindo de dados secundários produzidos na cidade de Recife, Pernambuco, mostro como a deficiência, enquanto um marcador social das crianças que nascem com a síndrome, mobiliza as mães e cuidadoras a estabelecer redes de solidariedade e de produção de conhecimento que são muito específicos do contexto de crise vivenciado a partir do surto.
Alfabetização de idosos e diversidade cultural religiosa
Authors: Martins Filho Lourival José
Published: August 2018

Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho fenomenológico realizada com 05 idosos em processo de alfabetização que procurou identificar práticas curriculares exitosas, vinculadas ao trabalho pedagógico que considere a Diversidade Religiosa no desenvolvimento da oralidade, da escrita e da leitura. O trabalho reafirma a importância da temática Diversidade Religiosa em todos os componentes curriculares, níveis e modalidades da Educação Básica.
Apresentação
Authors: Corrêa Letícia Maria Sicuro , Françozo Edson
Published: August 2018

Os artigos do presente volume temático correspondem a desenvolvimentos de trabalhos apresentados na reunião do GT de Psicolingüística da ANPOLL, por ocasião do XV Encontro Nacional, realizado na Universidade Federal Fluminense,  em junho de 2000. O campo da Psicolingüística apresenta-se bastante diversificado no Brasil, seja em função de interesses temáticos ou de abordagens teóricas. Os encontros da ANPOLL constituem um momento privilegiado para que tenhamos uma visão integrada do estado da pesquisa em diferentes subáreas, sob diferentes recortes teóricos, assim como para que possamos discutir perspectivas para o desenvolvimento desse campo, como um todo, no país.
Restrições gradientes sobre relações entre vogais pré-tônicas e tônicas no léxico do português brasileiro
Authors: Albano Eleonora Cavalcante
Published: August 2018

This paper contends that the two competing "rules" that the literature on Portuguese morphophonology has claimed to apply to the verb paradigm, namely, vowel height harmony and vowel lowering, are, in fact, phonotactic restrictions that apply, in a categorical fashion, to the inflected verb stem and, in a gradient fashion, to the non-inflected verb stem. At least in Brazilian Portuguese, the non-inflected verb stem is consistent with the inflected verb stem in that lowering predominates in both in the first conjugation and harmony predominates in both in the second and third conjugation. Lowering is in turn consistent with other versions of OCP which cut across all grammatical categories. The findings are interpreted in light of Acoustic-Articulatory Phonology (Albano 2001), which predicts, on grounds of facilitation of decoding of acoustic-to-articulatory relations, that stress tends to attract low vowels except where vowel quality is otherwise predictable.
É possível integrar o discreto e o contínuo em um modelo de produção do ritmo da fala?
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida
Published: August 2018

A model of speech rhythm production is proposed that is able to explain the differences found between the durational patterns of stress- and syllable-timed languages from strict considerations of timing. This is possible from a two-parameter characterization of Brazilian Portuguese V-to-V duration patterns within stress groups. The parameters are speech rate (measured in terms of V-to-V units per unit of time) and the coupling strength between two oscillators (syllabic and stress group oscillators), which act as a cognitive pacemaker whose pace is the vowel onset succession entrained by the beats of the stress group oscillator. Differences in amount of coupling strength seem to explain differences in rhythmic typology. A link with lexical processing is also suggested here.
Padrões iniciais na aquisição do sistema de sons do português: características universais e específicas
Authors: Teixeira Elizabeth Reis
Published: August 2018

Adopting a strictly motor approach to linguistic organization, the theoretical proposal called Molde e Conteúdo (Davies & Macneilage 1995; Macneilage & Davies 1966) argues that the first child production akin to adult speech – canonical babbling – can be seen as a motor correlate of the molde silábico. Moldes constitute a rhythmic basis catalyzing specific syllabic or segmental sequences. The independent motor control of such elements emerges gradually from jaw/tongue synergies with which the child initiates a type of vocal production similar to the adult’s. In the acquisition of speech production skills, then, changes in the quality of sounds in an utterance are initially based in changes in the amplitude of the jaw opening/closing cycle, i.e., they determine intra-syllabic organization. Syllables sequences, in turn, comprise vocalic and consonantal qualities produced in homorganic articulation places (i.e. front consonants with front vowels; back consonants with back vowels), as demonstrated child data derived from six different linguistic communities – English, Swedish, French, Japanese (in the Stanford database), Brazilian Portuguese (Teixeira & Davies 1999) e Equatorial Quichua (Gildersleeve-Neumann, doctoral dissertation in preparation, U. Texas, Austin). In general, the data on Brazilian Portuguese acquisition are comparable to production universal patterns reported for children in different languages, but also show specific characteristics due to the ambient language pressure.
(In)determinação e subjetividade na linguagem de afásicos: a inclinação anti-referencialista dos processos enunciativos
Authors: Morato Edwiges Maria
Published: August 2018

This paper presents some issues raised by a enunciative approach of referencing and subjectivity in the aphasic context. For this purpose, we extract our analysis from the empirical material of our investigation about signification process in a conversational situation within the pathological context. First, some assumptions of this approach are discussed, focussing on the interlocutives activities of the aphasics and non-aphasic subjects. Then some consequences for the neurolinguistic study are explicitated.
A referenciação como atividade cognitivo-discursiva e interacional
Authors: Koch Ingedore Grunfeld Villaça
Published: August 2018

This paper aims to discuss the cognitive, resumptive, cohesive, organizational and avaliative functions performed by nominal expressions occurring in referential chains, in order to highlight their contribution to the argumentative orientation of texts, and, by consequence, to the construction of meaning.
Personalized E-Learning System Architecture Using Data Mining Approach
Authors: Kausar Samina , Xu Huahu , Hussain Iftikhar , Zhu Wenhau , Zahid Misha
Published: August 2018

Educational data mining is an emerging discipline that focuses on development of self-learning and adaptive methods. It is used for finding hidden patterns or intrinsic structures of educational data. In the field of education, the heterogeneous data is involved and continuously growing in the paradigm of big data. To extract meaningful knowledge adaptively from big educational data, some specific data mining techniques are needed. This paper presents a personalized e-learning system architecture which detects and responds teaching contents according to the students’ learning capabilities. Furthermore, the clustering approach is also presented to partition the students into different groups based on their learning behavior. The primary objective includes the discovery of optimal settings, in which learners can improve their learning capabilities to boost up their outcomes. Moreover, the administration can find essential hidden patterns to bring the effective reforms in the existing system. The various clustering methods K-means, Clustering by Fast Search and Finding of Density Peaks (CFSFDP), and CFSFDP via Heat Diffusion (CFSFDP-HD) are also analyzed using educational data mining. It is observed that more robust results can be achieved by the replacement of K-means with CFSFDP and CFSFDP-HD. The proposed e-learning system using data mining techniques is vigorous compared to typical e-learning systems. The data mining techniques are equally effective to analyze the big data to make education systems robust.
Use of Transient Time Response as a Measure to Characterize Phononic Crystal Sensors
Authors: Villa-Arango Simon , Betancur Sánchez David , Torres Róbinson , Kyriacou Panayiotis
Published: August 2018

Phononic crystals are periodic composite structures with specific resonant features that are gaining strength in the field as liquid sensors. The introduction of a structural defect in an otherwise periodic regular arrangement can generate a resonant mode, also called defect mode, inside the characteristic band gaps of phononic crystals. The morphology, as well as the frequency in which these defect modes appear, can give useful information on the composition and properties of an analyte. Currently, only gain, and frequency measurements are performed using phononic crystal sensors. Other measurements like the transient response have been implemented in resonant sensors such as quartz microbalances showing great results and proving to be a great complimentary measure to the gain and frequency measurements. In the present paper, a study of the feasibility of using the transient response as a measure to acquire additional information about the analyte is presented. Theoretical studies using the transmission line model were realized to show the impact of variations in the concentration of an analyte, in this case, lithium carbonate solutions, in the transient time of the system. Experimental realizations were also performed showing that the proposed measurement scheme presents significant changes in the resulting data, indicating the potential use of this measure in phononic crystal sensors. This proposed measure could be implemented as a stand-alone measure or as a compliment to current sensing modalities.
High-speed Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexed Free-space Optical communication systems
Authors: Qu Zhen , Djordjevic Ivan
Published: August 2018

We review recent progress in high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed free-space optical communication systems. The outdoor atmospheric turbulence is emulated by an indoor turbulence emulator, which is based on split-step beam propagation method. Adaptive optics, channel coding, Huffman coding combined with LDPC coding, and spatial offset are used for turbulence mitigation; while OAM multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) are applied to boost aggregate capacity.