bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive red-light optogenetic control of Drosophila cardiac function
Authors: Men Jing , Li Airong , Jerwick Jason , Li Zilong , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Zhou Chao
Published: June 2020

Drosophila is a powerful genetic model system for cardiovascular studies. Recently, optogenetic pacing tools have been developed to control Drosophila heart rhythm noninvasively with blue light, which has a limited penetration depth. Here we developed both a red-light sensitive opsin expressing Drosophila system and an integrated red-light stimulation and optical coherence microscopy (OCM) imaging system. We demonstrated noninvasive control of Drosophila cardiac rhythms using a single light source, including simulated tachycardia in ReaChR-expressing flies and bradycardia and cardiac arrest in halorhodopsin (NpHR)-expressing flies at multiple developmental stages. By using red excitation light, we were able to pace flies at higher efficiency and with lower power than with equivalent blue light excitation systems. The recovery dynamics after red-light stimulation of NpHR flies were observed and quantified. The combination of red-light stimulation, OCM imaging, and transgenic Drosophila systems provides a promising and easily manipulated research platform for noninvasive cardiac optogenetic studies.
Fast- and slow-light-enhanced light drag in a moving microcavity
Authors: Qin Tian , Yang Jianfan , Zhang Fangxing , Chen Yao , Shen Dongyi , Liu Wei , Chen Lei , Jiang Xiaoshun , Chen Xianfeng , Wan Wenjie
Published: June 2020

Fizeau’s experiment, inspiring Einstein’s special theory of relativity, reveals a small dragging effect acting on light inside a moving medium. Dispersion can enhance such light drag according to Lorentz’s predication. Here fast- and slow-light-enhanced light drag is demonstrated experimentally in a moving optical microcavity through stimulated Brillouin scattering induced transparency and absorption. The strong dispersion provides an enhancement factor up to ~104, greatly reducing the system size down to the micrometer range. These results may offer a unique platform for a compact, integrated solution to motion sensing and ultrafast signal processing applications.
Ion and radical chemistry in (H2O2)N clusters
Authors: Pysanenko Andriy , Pluhařová Eva , Vinklárek Ivo S. , Rakovský Jozef , Poterya Viktoriya , Kočišek Jaroslav , Fárník Michal
Published: June 2020

We investigate the ionization induced chemistry of hydrogen peroxide in (H2O2)N clusters generated after the pickup of individual H2O2 molecules on large free ArM, M̄ ≈ 160, nanoparticles in molecular beams.
Confined growth of ordered organic frameworks at an interface
Authors: Jin Yinghua , Hu Yiming , Ortiz Michael , Huang Shaofeng , Ge Yanqing , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2020

This tutorial review covers the recent design, synthesis, characterization, and property study of COF thin films and covalent monolayers through interfacial polymerization.
Comparison of the effect of chemically and biologically induced inflammation on the volatile metabolite production of lung epithelial cells by GC×GC-TOFMS
Authors: Zanella Delphine , Henket Monique , Schleich Florence , Dejong Thibaut , Louis Renaud , Focant Jean-François , Stefanuto Pierre-Hugues
Published: June 2020

Powerful analytical and statistical techniques were used to unravel complex volatile profile of lung epithelial cells co-cultured with inflammatory sputum.
C-Terminally tagged NA in replication-competent influenza A viruses reveals differences in glycan profiles between NA and HA
Authors: Hiono Takahiro , Kuno Atsushi
Published: June 2020

Visualization of differences in glycan profiles of NA and HA using C-terminally tagged NA in replication-competent influenza A viruses.
A general approach towards carbonization of plastic waste into a well-designed 3D porous carbon framework for super lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Min Jiakang , Wen Xin , Tang Tao , Chen Xuecheng , Huo Kaifu , Gong Jiang , Azadmanjiri Jalal , He Chaobin , Mijowska Ewa
Published: June 2020

The 3D hollow carbon sphere/porous carbon flake hybrids are facilely prepared from the carbonization of both hydrocarbon and halogen-containing plastic wastes by a general template method, which exhibits superior performance in a lithium-ion battery.
Mutual correlation evaluation of Cys and Hcy in serum through reaction activity regulated fluorescence quantification
Authors: Yue Yongkang , Huo Fangjun , Wang Yuting , Ma Kaiqing , Li Xiaoqing , Yin Caixia
Published: June 2020

We report herein a strategy involving using a single fluorescent probe with the assistance of two pH conditions to simultaneously detect cysteine and homocysteine quantitatively.
Microwave-assisted functionalization of carbon nanohorns with oligothiophene units with SERS activity
Authors: Iglesias Daniel , Guerra Javier , Lucío María Isabel , González-Cano Rafael C. , López Navarrete Juan T. , Ruiz Delgado M. Carmen , Vázquez Ester , Herrero M. Antonia
Published: June 2020

An intense Raman enhancement was observed in carbon nanohorns decorated with oligothiophene units, making them suitable for future application in bio-imaging.
CoNiO2 as a novel water oxidation cocatalyst to enhance PEC water splitting performance of BiVO4
Authors: Fang Guozhen , Liu Zhifeng , Han Changcun , Ma Xinguo , Lv Hui , Huang Chuyun , Cheng Zhengwang , Tong Zhengfu , Wang Pan
Published: June 2020

A strategy is proposed using CoNiO2 as a novel water oxidation cocatalyst for modification of a BiVO4 photoanode to improve the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance.
Synthesis of iron oxide nanocube patched Janus magnetic nanocarriers for cancer therapeutic applications
Authors: Zhang Wentao , Choi Hyunjun , Yu Bo , Kim Dong-Hyun
Published: June 2020

Iron oxide nanocube patched Janus magnetic porous silica nanocarriers are synthesized and it is expected to be used for a new type of multifunctional carriers in image guided cancer therapeutic applications.
Astatine partitioning between nitric acid and conventional solvents: indication of covalency in ketone complexation of AtO+
Authors: Burns Jonathan D. , Tereshatov Evgeny E. , McCarthy Mallory A. , McIntosh Lauren A. , Tabacaru Gabriel C. , Yang Xin , Hall Michael B. , Yennello Sherry J.
Published: June 2020

The extraction of211At into ketones out of 1–3 M nitric acid shows better extraction than other solvents, with DFT calculations indicating stronger binding between the carbonyl oxygen of the ketone and the At metal center.
Lifetime and diffusion distance of singlet oxygen in air under everyday atmospheric conditions
Authors: Wang Kang-Kyun , Song Sanggeun , Jung Seung-Jin , Hwang Jung-Wook , Kim Min-Goo , Kim Ji-Hyun , Sung Jaeyoung , Lee Jin-Kyu , Kim Yong-Rok
Published: June 2020

The lifetime and diffusion distance of singlet oxygen in air at 23 °C under 1 atm are 2.80 seconds and 0.992 cm, far longer than previously reported.
Excitation/detection energy controlled anisotropy dynamics in asymmetrically cyano substituted tri-podal molecules
Authors: Seintis K. , Kalis I.-K. , Klikar M. , Bureš F. , Fakis M.
Published: June 2020

The initial anisotropy of asymmetrically substituted tri-podal compounds is greatly dependent on the excitation wavelength indicating that the molecule behaves as pseudo-octupolar (λexc = 380 nm) or dipolar (λexc = 400 nm).
Triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion through triplet energy transfer at a nanoporous solid–liquid interface
Authors: Mizokuro Toshiko , Abulikemu Aizitiaili , Suzuki Kengo , Sakagami Yusuke , Nishii Ritsuki , Jin Tetsuro , Kamada Kenji
Published: June 2020

Photon upconversion and the triplet energy transfer dynamics were studied for sensitizer-fixed nanoporous glass immersed in emitter solution.
Localized and delocalized bound states of the main isotopologue 48O3 and of 18O-enriched 50O3 isotopomers of the ozone molecule near the dissociation threshold
Authors: Kokoouline Viatcheslav , Lapierre David , Alijah Alexander , Tyuterev Vladimir
Published: June 2020

Knowledge of highly excited rovibrational states of ozone isotopologues is of key importance for modelling the dynamics of exchange reactions, for understanding longstanding problems related to isotopic anomalies of the ozone formation, and for analyses of extra-sensitive laser spectral experiments currently in progress.
2-Methoxyethanol: harmonic tricks, anharmonic challenges and chirality-sensitive chain aggregation
Authors: Gawrilow Maxim , Suhm Martin A.
Published: June 2020

Simple mass-scaling of the torsional proton in 2-methoxyethanol emulates strong mixing with a skeletal motion observed in experiment.
Tailoring of the core structure towards promising small molecule hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells: a theoretical study
Authors: Sun Zhu-Zhu , Ding Wei-Lu , Feng Shuai , Peng Xing-Liang
Published: June 2020

The influence of the core on the performance of small molecule HTMs is investigated by using quantum chemistry methods, and potential HTMs are proposed.
How to use X-ray diffraction to elucidate 2D polymerization propagation in single crystals
Authors: Schlüter A. Dieter , Weber Thomas , Hofer Gregor
Published: June 2020

We provide a critical analysis of what and what not to expect when elucidating the mechanism of 2D polymerization in crystals by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Analysing Bragg and diffuse scattering helps the understanding and provides guidelines for future developments.
Au54(Et3P)18Cl12: a structurally related cluster to Au32(Et3P)12Cl8 gives insight into the formation process
Authors: Kenzler Sebastian , Schrenk Claudio , Schnepf Andreas
Published: June 2020

Cluster fusion? A slight change in the synthetic procedure of Au32(Et3P)12Cl8 leads to the metalloid gold cluster Au54(Et3P)18Cl12, giving further insight into the formation mechanism, showing new structural motifs within metalloid gold clusters
Applications of xylochemistry from laboratory to industrial scale
Authors: Groß Jonathan , Kühlborn Jonas , Opatz Till
Published: June 2020

Xylochemicals, their utilisation in total synthesis and industrial scale production as well as their advantages over petroleum-based chemicals are highlighted.
Levoglucosan: a promising platform molecule?
Authors: Itabaiana Junior Ivaldo , Avelar do Nascimento Marcelo , de Souza Rodrigo Octavio Mendonça Alves , Dufour Anthony , Wojcieszak Robert
Published: June 2020

Levoglucosan could be obtained by biomass pyrolysis and chemically transformed to high-added value compounds becoming a promising platform molecule.
A 3D nm-thin biomimetic membrane for ultimate molecular separation
Authors: Wang Tongshuai , Liang Siwei , Qi Zhen , Biener Monika , Voisin Thomas , Hammons Joshua A. , Tran Ich C. , Worsley Marcus A. , Braun Tom , Wang Y. Morris , Biener Juergen , Baumann Theodore , Kim Sangil , Ye Jianchao
Published: June 2020

Multi-functional membranes with high permeance and selectivity that can mimic nature's designs have tremendous industrial and bio-medical applications.
Postprandial zinc stable isotope response in human blood serum
Authors: Sullivan Kaj , Moore Rebekah E T , Rehkämper Mark , Layton-Matthews Daniel , Leybourne Matthew I , Puxty John , Kyser T Kurt
Published: June 2020

In recent years, considerable advances have been made in the field of medical isotope metallomics, but numerous fundamental physiological processes remain to be investigated. Past studies report that blood serum Zn concentrations decrease by between about 10 and 25%, depending on the size of meal, approximately three hours postprandially (i.e. after eating), before returning to baseline values if no meals are consumed over the following four to five hours. Nine participants were recruited for this study to investigate whether this postprandial Zn concentration decrease is accompanied by a stable isotope response. A baseline serum sample was collected from participants in the morning after overnight fasting. A 576 kcal meal was then provided and additional serum samples were taken 90 and 180 minutes post-meal to coincide with the postprandial response. Serum Zn concentrations decreased postprandially by an average of 21 ± 9% (1SD), but this was not accompanied by a change in stable Zn isotope composition (mean Δ66Zn180-minute-baseline = 0.01 ± 0.09‰, 2SD). We propose that hemodilution and the rapid, efficient postprandial transfer of albumin-bound Zn from serum to the liver and pancreas is responsible for the lack of postprandial serum Zn isotopic response. These results indicate that studies examining solely the distribution of Zn isotopes in serum may obtain samples without considering timing of the most recent meal. However, future studies seeking to compare serum Zn concentrations with δ66Zn values should draw blood samples in the morning after overnight fasting.
Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid β peptide causes structural disordering of lipids and changes the electric properties of a floating bilayer lipid membrane
Authors: Mrdenovic Dusan , Su Zhangfei , Kutner Wlodzimierz , Lipkowski Jacek , Pieta Piotr
Published: June 2020

Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease is associated with disruption of the neuronal cell membrane by the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide.
Copper-catalyzed cascade three-component azide–alkyne cycloaddition/condensation/transesterification: easy access to 3-triazolylcoumarins
Authors: He Xinwei , Li Ruxue , Xie Mengqing , Duan Jiahui , Tang Qiang , Shang Yongjia
Published: June 2020

A novel and efficient strategy has been developed for the synthesis of 3-triazolylcoumarins in a one-pot, copper-catalyzed multicomponent reaction involving a cascade reaction of salicylaldehydes, ethyl 2-azidoacetate, and arylacetylenes.
Transforming surface-modified metal organic framework powder into room temperature porous liquidsviaan electrical balance strategy
Authors: Zhao Xiaoran , An Shuhao , Dai Jialing , Peng Changjun , Hu Jun , Liu Honglai
Published: June 2020

The design of MOF-based room temperature porous liquidsviaan electrical balance strategy.
Mechanistic insights can resolve the low reactivity and selectivity issues in intermolecular Rauhut–Currier (RC) reaction of γ-hydroxyenone
Authors: Ullah Zakir , Thomas Renjith
Published: June 2020

Low reactivity of Rauhut–Currier reaction can be resolved by shifting the equilibrium of the enone/enolate of the substrate towards enolate.
A new red fluorescent probe based on rosamine–phenothiazine for the highly selective and rapid detection of hypochlorite and its bioimaging in live cells
Authors: Zhao Yun , Xue Yuanyuan , Sun Juanjuan , Xuan Hongli , Xu Yunli , Cui Yapeng , Dong Jinlong
Published: June 2020

A new red fluorescent probe based on rosamine–phenothiazine for highly selective and rapid detection of hypochlorite and its bioimaging in live cells.
Facile access to 2,2-diaryl 2H-chromenes through a palladium-catalyzed cascade reaction of ortho-vinyl bromobenzenes with N-tosylhydrazones
Authors: Zhang Heng , Yu Yinghua , Huang Xueliang
Published: June 2020

A cascade sequence through Pd migration, carbene migratory insertion and allylation.
Tetrazine- andtrans-cyclooctene-functionalised polypept(o)ides for fast bioorthogonal tetrazine ligation
Authors: Johann Kerstin , Svatunek Dennis , Seidl Christine , Rizzelli Silvia , Bauer Tobias A. , Braun Lydia , Koynov Kaloian , Mikula Hannes , Barz Matthias
Published: June 2020

Tetrazine- andtrans-cyclooctene-functionalised polypeptides and polypetoids were prepared by ring-opening polymerisation ofN-carboxyanhydrides using the respective functional initiators and shown to react in fast bioorthogonal tetrazine ligations.
Structures and properties of side-chain liquid crystalline polynorbornenes containing an amide group: hydrogen bonding interactions and spacer length effects
Authors: Shi Dong , Chang Wen-Ying , Ren Xiang-Kui , Yang Shuang , Chen Er-Qiang
Published: June 2020

Side-chain liquid crystalline polynorbornenes based on benzanilide mesogens exhibit rich self-organization behaviours and enhanced mechanical properties owing to the lateral hydrogen bond interaction that can be tuned by the spacer length.
First-principles studies of electronic properties in lithium metasilicate (Li2SiO3)
Authors: Han Nguyen Thi , Dien Vo Khuong , Thuy Tran Ngoc Thanh , Nguyen Duy Khanh , Su Wu-Pei , Lin Ming-Fa
Published: June 2020

All-solid-state Li+-based battery with three-dimensional ternary Li2SiO3 electrolyte.
CO2 and water vapor adsorption properties of framework hybrid W-ZSM-5/silicalite-1 prepared from RHA
Authors: Wang Yisong , Jia He , Fang Xin , Qiu Ziyang , Du Tao
Published: June 2020

Framework hybrid W-ZSM-5 and W-silicalite-1 zeolites were synthesized by hydrothermal methods using rice husk ash (RHA) as a silicon raw material.
Improvement in the thermoelectric performance of highly reproducible n-type (Bi,Sb)2Se3 alloys by Cl-doping
Authors: Nasir Nadra , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Kim Sang-il , Kim Hyun-Sik , Lim Jae-Hong , Fu Liangwei , Kim Sung Wng
Published: June 2020

Cl-doped Bi2−xSbxSe3 bulks are thermally stable at below 700 K showing a reproducible maximum zT of ∼0.68 at 700 K.
Paintable and writable electrodes using black conductive ink on traditional Korean paper (Hanji)
Authors: Kim Yong Jun , Yoon Sunyoung , Cho Yong-Hwan , Kim Gyewon , Kim Han-Ki
Published: June 2020

Brush painted black conductive ink on traditional Korean paper “Hanji” having durability, good ventilation, and air permeability, and being waterproof was demonstrated in paintable interconnectors and heaters.
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrophosphorylation of alkynes: facile access to P-stereogenic phosphinates
Authors: Yang Zhiping , Gu Xiaodong , Han Li-Biao , Wang Jun (Joelle)
Published: June 2020

A catalytic enantioselective synthesis of P-stereogenic alkenylphosphinates is developed through asymmetric hydrophosphorylation. This process is demonstrated on racemic phosphinates and leads to diverse P-stereogenic alkenylphosphinates directly.
Molecular-level environments of intercalated chloroaluminate anions in rechargeable aluminum-graphite batteries revealed by solid-state NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Xu Jeffrey H. , Jadhav Ankur L. , Turney Damon E. , Messinger Robert J.
Published: June 2020

Solid-state 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations reveal that intercalated AlCl4− anions exhibit a wide range of molecular geometries and environments, establishing that the intercalated graphite electrodes exhibit high extents of disorder.
The application of nitrogen heterocycles in mitochondrial-targeting fluorescent markers with neutral skeletons
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Bing , Sun Ru , Xu Yu-Jie , Ge Jian-Feng
Published: June 2020

Neutral fluorescent markers containing nitrogen heterocycles as targeting groups were designed and prepared to screen out structural units for targeting mitochondria.
Core–shell metal–organic frameworks and hierarchical host–guest structures toward water-stable luminescence of lanthanide complexes in encoding beads
Authors: Mo Dong , Wang Zhengqiang , Sun Kaiyao , Xie Xiyue , Zhang Jixi , Cai Kaiyong
Published: June 2020

Hetero-MOF domains in hybrid core–shell nanoparticles realize encapsulation and protection of lanthanide complexes for water-stable photoluminescence, facilitating hierarchical encoding beads with a 3D host–guest structure.
Enhanced carrier separation in ferroelectric In2Se3/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Zhou Bin , Jiang Kai , Shang Liyan , Zhang Jinzhong , Li Yawei , Zhu Liangqing , Gong Shi-Jing , Hu Zhigao , Chu Junhao
Published: June 2020

Enhanced carrier separation in ferroelectric In2Se3/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure and external electric field effects.
Cr(VI)-induced overactive mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial loss and cytotoxicity in L02 hepatocytes
Authors: Zhang Yujing , Bian Huanfeng , Ma Yu , Xiao Yuanyuan , Xiao Fang
Published: June 2020

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has aroused the main interest of environmental health researchers due to its high toxicity. Liver is the main target organ of Cr(VI), and the purpose of this study was to explore whether mitophagy contributes to Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity and to demonstrate the potential mechanisms. Cr(VI) exposure induced mitochondrial loss, energy metabolism disorders and cell apoptosis, which were associated with the occurrence of excessive mitophagy characterized by the increased number of green fluorescent protein-microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) puncta and lysosomal colocalization with mitochondria. In addition, the suppression of mitophagy by autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) siRNA can effectively inhibit Cr(VI)-induced mitochondrial loss and cytotoxicity. In summary, we reached the conclusion that Cr(VI)-induced overactive mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial loss and cytotoxicity in L02 hepatocytes, which will further reveal the possible mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity, and provide a new experimental basis for the study of the health hazard effects of chromium.
Comprehensive analysis of the effect of rs2295080 and rs2536 polymorphisms within the mTOR gene on cancer risk
Authors: Qi Guang-Hui , Wang Chun-Hui , Zhang Hong-Ge , Yu Jian-Guo , Ding Fei , Song Zhi-Chao , Xia Qing-Hua
Published: June 2020

There is still no conclusion on the potential effect of the rs2295080 and rs2536 polymorphisms of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) gene on different cancers. Herein, we performed a comprehensive assessment using pooled analysis, FPRP (false-positive report probability), TSA (trial sequential analysis), and eQTL (expression quantitative trait loci) analysis. Eighteen high-quality articles from China were enrolled. The pooled analysis of rs2295080 with 9502 cases and 10,965 controls showed a decreased risk of urinary system tumors and specific prostate cancers [TG vs. TT, TG+GG vs. TT and G vs. T; P<0.05, OR (odds ratio) <1]. FPRP and TSA data further confirmed these results. There was an increased risk of leukemia [G vs. T, GG vs. TT, and GG vs. TT+TG genotypes; P<0.05, OR>1]. The eQTL data showed a potential correlation between the rs2295080 and mTOR expression in whole blood samples. Nevertheless, FPRP and TSA data suggested that more evidence is required to confirm the potential role of rs2295080 in leukemia risk. The pooled analysis of rs2536 (6653 cases and 7025 controls) showed a significant association in the subgroup of “population-based” control source via the allele, heterozygote, dominant, and carrier comparisons (P<0.05, OR>1). In conclusion, the TG genotype of mTOR rs2295080 may be linked to reduced susceptibility to urinary system tumors or specific prostate cancers in Chinese patients. The currently data do not strongly support a role of rs2295080 in leukemia susceptibility. Large sample sizes are needed to confirm the potential role of rs2536 in more types of cancer.
Elevated expression of minichromosome maintenance 3 indicates poor outcomes and promotes G1/S cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhou He , Xiong Yongfu , Zhang Guangjun , Liu Zuoliang , Li Lifa , Hou Songlin , Zhou Tong
Published: June 2020

Background: The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family, a core component of DNA replication, is involved in cell cycle process. Abnormal proliferation has been identified as a crucial process in the evolution of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the roles of the MCM family in CRC remain largely unknown.

Methods: Here, the expression, prognostic significance and functions of the MCM family in CRC were systematically analyzed through a series of online databases including CCLE, Oncomine, HPA, cBioPortal and cancerSEA.

Results: We found all MCM family members were highly expressed in CRC, but only elevation of MCM3 expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients with CRC. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to examine the role of MCM3 in CRC. Analysis of CCLE database and qRT-PCR assay confirmed that MCM3 was overexpressed in CRC cell lines. Moreover, knockdown of MCM3 significantly suppressed transition of G1 to S phase in CRC cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of MCM3 inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis.

Conclusion: These findings reveal that MCM3 may function as an oncogene and a potential prognosis biomarker. Thus, the association between abnormal expression of MCM3 and the initiation of CRC deserves further exploration.
Nanodomains in cardiopulmonary disorders and the impact of air pollution
Authors: Cattani-Cavalieri Isabella , Valença Samuel dos Santos , Schmidt Martina
Published: June 2020

Air pollution is a major environmental threat and each year about 7 million people reported to die as a result of air pollution. Consequently, exposure to air pollution is linked to increased morbidity and mortality world-wide. Diesel automotive engines are a major source of urban air pollution in the western societies encompassing particulate matter and diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Air pollution is envisioned as primary cause for cardiovascular dysfunction, such as ischemic heart disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and stroke. Air pollution also causes lung dysfunction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and specifically exacerbations of these diseases. DEP induces inflammation and reactive oxygen species production ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. DEP impair structural cell function and initiate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process leading to dysfunction in endothelial as well as epithelial barrier, hamper tissue repair and eventually leading to fibrosis. Targeting cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been implicated to alleviate cardiopulmonary dysfunction, even more intriguingly cAMP seems to emerge as a potent regulator of mitochondrial metabolism. We propose that targeting of the mitochondrial cAMP nanodomain bear the therapeutic potential to diminish air pollutant — particularly DEP — induced decline in cardiopulmonary function.
Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos
Authors: Kapoor Sukriti , Kotak Sachin
Published: June 2020

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.
Recovery and Relapse: Perspectives From Adults Who Stutter
Authors: Tichenor Seth E. , Yaruss J. Scott
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Recovery and relapse relating to stuttering are often defined in terms of the presence or absence of certain types of speech disfluencies as observed by clinicians and researchers. However, it is well documented that the experience of the overall stuttering condition involves more than just the production of stuttered speech disfluencies. This study sought to identify what recovery and relapse mean to people who stutter based on their own unique experiences to account for both the stuttering behaviors and the broader adverse impact of the condition.

Method

In this study, 228 adults who stutter participated in a mixed-methods exploration of the terms “recovery” and “relapse.” Participants categorized themselves on whether they considered themselves to have recovered or experienced relapse. Data were analyzed thematically through the lens of the speaker self-categorizations to determine how adults who stutter define recovery and relapse regarding stuttering.

Results

Results indicate that, to adults who stutter, recovery from stuttering is associated with increases in positive affective/emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions to the condition and simultaneous decreases in associated negative constructs. These group-level definitions did not change as a function of whether respondents reported that they had experienced recovery or relapse themselves.

Discussion

Recovery or relapse from stuttering behaviors can occur independently from recovery or relapse from the broader adverse impact related to the condition, suggesting that researchers and clinicians should consider recovery and relapse as involving more than just a reduction or an increase in observable behaviors. These findings support recent research evidence further specifying the many individual phenotypes of stuttering, in that pathways to recovery and relapse can be experienced in different ways for people with different stuttering phenotype profiles.
Radio and X-ray connection in radio mini-halos: Implications for hadronic models
Authors: Ignesti A. , Brunetti G. , Gitti M. , Giacintucci S.
Published: June 2020

Context. A large fraction of cool-core clusters are known to host diffuse, steep-spectrum radio sources, called radio mini-halos, in their cores. Mini-halos reveal the presence of relativistic particles on scales of hundreds of kiloparsecs, beyond the scales directly influenced by the central active galactic nucleus (AGN), but the nature of the mechanism that produces such a population of radio-emitting, relativistic electrons is still debated. It is also unclear to what extent the AGN plays a role in the formation of mini-halos by providing the seeds of the relativistic population.

Aims. In this work we explore the connection between thermal and non-thermal components of the intra-cluster medium in a sample of radio mini-halos and we study the implications within the framework of a hadronic model for the origin of the emitting electrons.

Methods. For the first time, we studied the thermal and non-thermal connection by carrying out a point-to-point comparison of the radio and the X-ray surface brightness in a sample of radio mini-halos. We extended the method generally applied to giant radio halos by considering the effects of a grid randomly generated through a Monte Carlo chain. Then we used the radio and X-ray correlation to constrain the physical parameters of a hadronic model and we compared the model predictions with current observations.

Results. Contrary to what is generally reported in the literature for giant radio halos, we find that the mini-halos in our sample have super-linear scaling between radio and X-rays, which suggests a peaked distribution of relativistic electrons and magnetic field. We explore the consequences of our findings on models of mini-halos. We use the four mini-halos in the sample that have a roundish brightness distribution to constrain model parameters in the case of a hadronic origin of the mini-halos. Specifically, we focus on a model where cosmic rays are injected by the central AGN and they generate secondaries in the intra-cluster medium, and we assume that the role of turbulent re-acceleration is negligible. This simple model allows us to constrain the AGN cosmic ray luminosity in the range ∼1044−46 erg s−1 and the central magnetic field in the range 10–40 μG. The resulting γ-ray fluxes calculated assuming these model parameters do not violate the upper limits on γ-ray diffuse emission set by the Fermi-LAT telescope. Further studies are now required to explore the consistency of these large magnetic fields with Faraday rotation studies and to study the interplay between the secondary electrons and the intra-cluster medium turbulence.
Neural network reconstruction of the dense matter equation of state derived from the parameters of neutron stars
Authors: Morawski F. , Bejger M.
Published: June 2020

Context. Neutron stars are currently studied with an rising number of electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations, which will ultimately allow us to constrain the dense matter equation of state and understand the physical processes at work within these compact objects. Neutron star global parameters, such as the mass and radius, can be used to obtain the equation of state by directly inverting the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations. Here, we investigate an alternative approach to this procedure.

Aims. The aim of this work is to study the application of the artificial neural networks guided by the autoencoder architecture as a method for precisely reconstructing the neutron star equation of state, using their observable parameters: masses, radii, and tidal deformabilities. In addition, we study how well the neutron star radius can be reconstructed using only the gravitational-wave observations of tidal deformability, that is, using quantities that are not related in any straightforward way.

Methods. The application of an artificial neural network in the equation-of-state reconstruction exploits the non-linear potential of this machine learning model. Since each neuron in the network is basically a non-linear function, it is possible to create a complex mapping between the input sets of observations and the output equation-of-state table. Within the supervised training paradigm, we construct a few hidden-layer deep neural networks on a generated data set, consisting of a realistic equation of state for the neutron star crust connected with a piecewise relativistic polytropes dense core, with its parameters representative of state-of-the art realistic equations of state.

Results. We demonstrate the performance of our machine-learning implementation with respect to the simulated cases with a varying number of observations and measurement uncertainties. Furthermore, we study the impact of the neutron star mass distributions on the results. Finally, we test the reconstruction of the equation of state trained on parametric polytropic training set using the simulated mass–radius and mass–tidal-deformability sequences based on realistic equations of state. Neural networks trained with a limited data set are capable of generalising the mapping between global parameters and equation-of-state input tables for realistic models.
Brittle tectonics and fluids overpressure during the early stage of the Bay of Biscay opening in the Jard-sur-Mer area, (northern Aquitaine Basin, France)
Authors: Strzerzynski Pierre , Lenoir Louise , Bessin Paul , Bouat Loic
Published: June 2020

Ba, F, Pb, Ag, Zn mineral deposits are widespread at the northern and eastern boundaries of the Aquitaine Basin. In most cases, they are hosted within high permeability carbonates that rest over the Hercynian basement and below an impermeable layer. Such a position suggests a Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) model for the formation of these deposits. This model is characterized by the lateral flow of sedimentary fluids expelled from the deeper part of the basin and mixed with other sources of water as they reach the basin boundaries. In the Jard-sur-Mer area, which sits in the north of the Basin, these deposits are also found higher in the sedimentary series suggesting that fluids have flown through the impermeable layer. Our field observations demonstrate that a brittle deformation episode, compatible with an upper-Jurassic N-S direction of extension, occurred as the mineralizing fluids were over pressured. The overpressure was the result of a large input of hydrothermal water ascending along inherited faults affecting the Hercynian basement and released at the onset of the tectonics event. When compared with the rest of the basin, these new results at the northern boundary suggests that the Aquitaine Basin recorded several stages of fluid overpressure both at the onset and during the opening of the Bay of Biscay.
Extracts of medical plants suppress the SOS response and reduce mutagenesis in E. coli
Authors: Mazanko Maria , Prazdnova Evgenia , Rudoy Dmitriy , Ermakov Alexey , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Maltseva Tatiana
Published: June 2020

One of the promising directions in the fight against the emergence and spread of farm animal microbiota resistance factors is the development and search for feed additives that can inhibit the SOSresponse. SOS-response is one of the main mechanisms of the occurrence of mutations in bacteria. Plants used in traditional medicine can be a promising source of safe substances that reduce the SOS-response of bacteria. A screening of plants potentially containing substances with antiSOS activity was performed. During the initial screening, the E. coli MG 1655 pRecA-lux biosensor strain with ciprofloxacin as RecA inducer was used. Seven plants were identified whose extracts reduced the expression of the RecA operon. In further experiments on bacteria exposed to antibiotics, we identified four plants whose exstracts significantly reduced the mutagenesis rate of clinical E. coli strains: Austrian broom (Cytisus austriacus), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus), walnut (Juglans regia) and smooth sumac (Rhus glabra).
The change in the leaf conducting system of the winter wheat samples under the conditions of simulated drought
Authors: Ionova Elena , Likhovidova Valentina , Gaze Valentina , Popov Aleksey
Published: June 2020

The current paper has considered the effect of the development degree of the leaf conducting systems and the head-bearing internode on kernel weight per head of the winter wheat grown in the conditions of insufficient moisture supply and optimal moisture. The study of out among 13 winter wheat samples developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The area of the conducting vascular bundle of winter wheat ranged from 0.208 mm2 10-4 (‘Shef’, ‘586/13’) to 0.364 mm2 10-4 (‘Krasa Dona’) (a trial) and from 0.381 mm2 10-4 (‘Etyud’) to 0.350 mm2 10-4 (‘Zhavoronok’) (a control). The maximum development degree of wheat leaf conducting system in the trials was identified in the varieties ‘Krasa Dona’ (4.01 mm2 10-4) and ‘Ambar’ (4.22 mm2 10-4), and in the control these were the varieties ‘Polina’ (2.59 mm2 10-4) and ‘Ambar’ (2.62 mm2 10-4). The maximum values of the area of the leaf conducting system and kernel weight per head were shown by the varieties ‘Krasa Dona’ (4.01 mm2 10-4 and 0.37 g) and ‘Ambar’ (4.22 mm2 10-4 and 0.39 g).
Effect of commercial medicinal feeds on the physical and chemical properties of urine
Authors: Vorontsova Olga , Pudovkin Nikolay , Salautin Vladimir , Prokhorova Tatyana , Terentyev Andrey
Published: June 2020

For the study, two groups of cats were formed at the age of 1 to 4 years in the amount of 6 animals each. According to research it was found that cats are more likely to suffer from urolithiasis than cats. At the same time, in the percentage ratio of the difference between castrated and non-castrated cats with urolithiasis, it was not expressed explicitly (29.01% and 31.49%, respectively, of the total number of sick animals). The highest percentage of incidence of urolithiasis was recorded in sterilized cats (23.98%). It was found that after feeding animals with commercial feed in the studied time there is a decrease in the number of struvites in the urine. The greatest decrease in struvite count was determined after feeding cats with Hills prescription diet urinary care c/d multicare. There is also a change in the acid-base state of urine when feeding Hills prescription diet urinary care c/d multicare by 10.9% and 13.1% and Hills prescription diet urinary care c/d multicare by 12.3% and 9.5% to 3 and 6 months, respectively. Significant differences in urine density after feeding with commercial feed and homemade food have not been established.
Toxicological evaluation of a new iron-containing preparation for farm animals with alimentary anemia
Authors: Sokolova Ekaterina , Orobets Vladimir , Sevostyanova Olga , Gorchakov Eduard , Rudoy Dmitriy , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Babajanyan Arkady
Published: June 2020

The second for the significance livestock sector is pig breeding, which accounts for one-third of the country’s meat production. Long-term world practice of pig farming confirms the high maturity of this species of animals, excellent taste, nutritious meat and most importantly the ability to quickly increase food production, and thereby ensure the optimal balance of the diet of the population. One of the constraining factors for the development of this industry is the development of iron deficiency alimentary anemia in pigs during the first 7 days of animal life, which affects the growth, development and increase of live weight in animals. Without preventive measures to supplement the iron with animals, up to 100% of piglets become sick with anemia, which can lead to the death of a significant part of the young population. This article presents the results of the toxicological approbation of a new iron-containing preparation for farm animals. The question of finding a less toxic iron preparation with a higher prolonging effect is relevant.
Specific antidote therapy in dogs: modern aspects
Authors: Zykova Svetlana , Bogdanov Sergei , Sukhanov Oleg , Dorofeev Vyacheslav , Slobodyanik Roman
Published: June 2020

Current laws of the Russian Federation provide for responsible treatment of animals. Nevertheless, there is an acute problem of the growing number of uncared for dogs. The article addresses issues of dog protection focused on the prevention of dog poisoning by medications illegally used by dog hunters, as well as on dog training aspects and methods of specific antidote therapy. Cytoprotective activity of ubiquinone is studied in view of biochemical profile in dogs.
The effect of nano-additives on the processes of electrodeposition of nickel precipitation
Authors: Degtyar Liudmila , Zhukova Irina , Mishurov Vladimir , Shubina Elena , Kovko Valeria
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of investigates of the effect of ultrafine additives (zirconium diboride, silicon carbide, diamond) on the physical and mechanical properties of composite electrochemical nickel deposits obtained from colloid-electrolyte baths. It was revealed that the most effective nanostructured additives are zirconium diboride and ultrafine diamond. Current efficiency and potentiostatic researches shew mutual participation of finely dispersed nickel hydroxide compounds in the formation of a composite electrochemical deposits and dispersed phase of zirconium diboride or ultrafine diamond that are attendant in the solution or formed during electrolysis and introduced into the electrolyte. It is shown that the optimal values of internal tensions and microhardness are associated with the hardening of the nickel matrix together with various nano-dispersed additives that are included in the deposit. These deposits can be used as an alternative to chrome deposits on parts of machinery.
Mechanical coating formed under conditions of vibration exposure
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir , Popov Sergey , Dontsov Nikolai , Ekinil Galina , Oleynikova Julia , Denisenko Julia
Published: June 2020

The study results of the zinc coating obtained on the surface of metals in the process of mechanochemical synthesis, implemented in the conditions of vibrowave systems, are presented. The features of coating formation mechanism, an activating role in its formation of free-moving, under the influence of low-frequency vibrations, indenters, are disclosed. The advantages of applying zinc coatings method in comparison with traditional methods are shown.
Methods of constructing a neural network for detecting abnormalities in data processing in the smart field application system
Authors: Ganzhur Marina , Ganzhur Alexey , Borisenko Ilya , Kobylko Andrey , Romanov Dmitri
Published: June 2020

The modern methods of analytics of user actions are considered; developed an algorithm for processing custom events for the SAP system; developed a neural network algorithm and analyzed its work results; options for improving the model are proposed.
Pumping hydraulic systems and the use of an unloading valve in a hydraulic system
Authors: Kobzev Kirill , Vyalov Sergey , Rybak Alexander
Published: June 2020

In order to identify the main functional capabilities of the control system of the pump-accumulator hydraulic power source equipped with a pump unloading machine of the proposed design, a numerical experiment was carried out. The experiment was a numerical solution of the above mathematical model of a power source. During the experiment, the influence of various structural parameters of the hydraulic pump unloading machine and the functional parameters of the power supply system as a whole on its dynamic properties was revealed. The article discusses the control system of a hydraulic power source of constant pressure, which is a pump-storage power source, equipped with the original design of the automatic unloading of the hydraulic pump, which provides relay switching of its operation mode. A mathematical model is proposed, obtained using a modeling technique based on the application of the theory of volumetric rigidity of hydraulic systems and their elements. The results of a numerical experiment carried out by numerically solving the equations that make up the mathematical model of a power source are also presented.
On the application of the thermal conductivity equation to describe the diffusion process
Authors: Diakonova Sofia , Artyshchenko Stepan , Sysoeva Daria , Surovtsev Igor , Karpovich Miron
Published: June 2020

The paper addresses the very popular issue of diffusion of innovations. Diffusion of innovations is the last stage of the innovation process and an indicator of its success. The study of the diffusion of innovations and the application of heat conduction equations in this theory is related to the study of innovative characteristics and economic indicators that could improve the performance of enterprises, lead to profit growth and expand market coverage. The paper systematized the factors that influence the diffusion of innovations. With their help, it is possible to manage the process of diffusion of innovations in a specific market and in a certain period of time. The use of the theory and methods for solving the thermal conductivity equation allows obtaining a solution to the problem of the diffusion equation, finding the optimal parameters for creating an innovative product susceptibility on the market.
Development of Ngoc Linh ginseng in Nam Tra My district
Authors: Ho Viet Hanh , Pham Quoc Tri
Published: June 2020

Ngoc Linh Ginseng is a medicinal plant with high economic value and has been selected by the Prime Minister of Vietnam as a national brand product. Ngoc Linh ginseng development has helped a lot of households in Nam Tra My mountainous district, Quang Nam, Vietnam escape from poverty and become billionaires in just 4 years. The article explains that success through research and analysis of stakeholders’ roles from central and local governments to business organizations and people in the conservation and development of Ngoc Linh ginseng. The article also implies suggestions for the development of other agricultural products.