bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a chronotype-adapted diet on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and gut microbiota: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dinu Monica , Lotti Sofia , Pagliai Giuditta , Napoletano Antonia , Asensi Marta Tristan , Giangrandi Ilaria , Marcucci Rossella , Amedei Amedeo , Colombini Barbara , Sofi Francesco
Published: February 2024

Background

Obesity and its associated health complications have become a global public health concern, necessitating innovative approaches to weight management. One emerging area of research focuses on the influence of chronotype, an individual’s preferred timing for daily activities, on eating habits, weight regulation, and metabolic health. Recent observational studies suggest that the misalignment between an individual’s chronotype and external cues, such as meal timing, may contribute to metabolic dysregulation and obesity, but evidence from intervention studies is still limited. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial designed to explore the effects of a chronotype-adapted diet, compared with a diet with a conventional calorie distribution, on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and gut microbiota composition.

Methods

A total of 150 overweight/obese adults will be recruited for this 4-month parallel-group, randomized, two-arm, open-label, superiority trial with 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive a low-calorie chronotype-adapted diet with a calorie distribution adapted to the individual chronotype (morning or evening), optimizing meal timing according to their peak metabolic periods. The control group will follow a standardized low-calorie healthy eating plan without considering chronotype. Both diets will have equivalent daily calorie content, adjusted according to gender and starting weight. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood, and fecal samples will be obtained from each participant at the beginning and the end of the study. The primary outcome is weight change from baseline. Secondary outcomes are changes from baseline in body mass index (BMI), fat mass, lipid and glycemic profile, fecal microbiota profile, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

Discussion

The results of this randomized controlled trial have the potential to advance our understanding of the complex interactions between chronotype, diet, body weight, and health outcomes. By providing evidence for personalized dietary interventions based on individuals’ circadian preferences, this research could offer insights into personalized nutrition strategies. Such knowledge could guide the development of innovative dietary interventions to optimize the prevention and management of overweight and obesity, while also improving the risk profile of these individuals.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05941871. Registered on 18 May 2023.
Modified Histopathological Grading Optimizes Prediction of Survival Outcomes in Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Daskalakis Kosmas , Tsoli Marina , Wallin Göran , Kogut Angelika , Srirajaskanthan Raj , Harlow Christopher , Giovos Georgios , Weickert Martin O , Kos-Kudla Beata , Kaltsas Gregory
Published: February 2024

Context

One of the major prognostic indices in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is Ki67 proliferation index.

Objective

To identify optimal grading Ki67 cutoffs to delineate differences in prognosis of patients with small intestinal NETs (SI-NETs).

Methods

Multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of 551 SI-NET patients diagnosed from 1993 through 2021 at 5 European referral centers with a mean (±SD) follow-up time of 51.5 (±52.9) months, measuring rates of overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS).

Results

Median age at baseline was 62.3 (range, 17-90) years; 252 (45.7%) patients were female. All SI-NETs were well-differentiated, with 326 being grade 1 (G1; 59.2%), 169 G2 (30.7%), and 8 G3 (1.5), while 48 tumors were unspecified grade (8.7%). The median Ki67 was 2% (range, 1%-70%). At baseline, 247 (44.8%) patients had distant metastases (stage IV), 217 locoregional disease (41.1%; stage III), while 29 (7.1%) and 25 (4.5%) presented at stages II and I, respectively. Median OS was 214.7 (95% CI, 152.7-276.6) months and median EFS was 79.8 (68.2-91.5) months. In multivariable Cox-regression OS analysis, the proposed modified histopathological Ki67 grading system (Ki67 5%-10% group: HR = 2.2 [95% CI, 1.15-4.31], P = .018 and Ki67 ≥ 10% group: HR = 5.11 [2.87-9.09], P < .001), age (HR = 1.07 [1.04-1.09], P < .001), Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR = 1.08 [1-1.16], P = .028), and TNM stage (HR = 1.79 [1.05-3.06], P = .034) were independent predictors for death. Pertinent EFS analysis confirmed the proposed modified histopathological Ki67 grading system (Ki67 ≥ 10% group: HR = 4.01 [2.6-6.37], P < .001) and age (HR = 1.04 [1.02-1.05], P < .001) as independent predictors for recurrence, progression, and/or death.

Conclusion

Ki67 proliferation index was a strong and independent predictor of OS and EFS. A modified histopathological grading system applying Ki67 cutoffs of 5% and 10% could be superior to predict differences in SI-NET patient survival outcomes.
Real Effects of Markets on Politics: Evidence from US Presidential Elections
Authors: Crane Alan D. , Koch Andrew , Lin Leming
Published: February 2024

Despite the economic importance of the US stock market, there is strikingly little evidence of its impact on elections. Using county-level variation in stock market participation, we document the impact of market returns on election outcomes. High-participation counties are more likely to vote for the incumbent party when the market has performed well relative to low-participation counties. Our findings provide evidence of a novel channel through which stock market fluctuations could be transmitted into the real economy. (JEL D72, G12, G35, G41, G51)
The Irrelevance of Fee Structures for Certification
Authors: Pollrich Martin , Strausz Roland
Published: February 2024

In models of certification, possible restrictions on the nature of the fee structures are commonly analyzed. We show that they are irrelevant for the certifier’s ability to maximize profits and trade efficiency. Our results establish that certification schemes involve two substitutable dimensions—the fee structure and the disclosure rule. In the context of a canonical unit good certification setup, these dimensions act as perfect substitutes for achieving trade efficiency and (monotone) distributions of rents; adjustments in the disclosure dimension can fully mitigate restrictions in the fee dimension, but these changes do affect market transparency. (JEL D82, D83, G24, G28)
Neural Network Classifiers for Object Detection in Optical and Infrared Images
Authors:   , Adams Ethan Richard
Published: February 2024

This thesis presents a series of neural network classifiers for object detection in both optical and infrared images. The focus of this work is on efficient and accurate solutions. The thesis discusses the evolution of the highly efficient and tiny network Binary Classification Vision Transformer (BC-ViT) and how through thoughtful modifications and improvements, the BC-ViT can be utilized for tasks of increasing complexity. Chapter 2 discusses the creation of BC-ViT and its initial use case for underwater image classification of optical images. The BC-ViT is able to complete its task with an accuracy of 99.29\% while being comprised of a mere 15,981 total trainable parameters. Chapter 3, Waste Multi-Class Vision Transformer (WMC-ViT), introduces the usefulness of mindful algorithm design for the realm of multi-class classification on a mutually exclusive dataset. WMC-ViT shows that the task oriented design strategy allowed for a network to achieve an accuracy score of 94.27\% on a five class problem while still maintaining a tiny parameter count of 35,492. The final chapter demonstrates that by utilizing functional blocks of BC-ViT, a simple and effective target detection algorithm for infrared images can be created. The Edge Infrared Vision Transformer (EIR-ViT) showed admirable results with a high IoU of 79\% coupled with a massive reduction in parameters compared to current state of the art solutions at roughly 120,000. This thesis ends with summary of Chapters 2, 3, and 4 that further discusses the implications this design strategy offers.
Directing Transition Metal Catalysis of Second and Third Row Metals through Ligand Design
Authors:   , Nguyen John
Published: February 2024

Ligand design is important due to a ligand's ability to tune properties of the transition metals, such as catalytic activity and selectivity. Gold(I) catalysts can be directly impacted by ligands electronically as well as with steric bulk when undergoing enantioselective and regioselective reactions. In the dissertation, a series of gold(I) acyclic diaminocarbenes were synthesized and used to explore the 1,6 enyne cyclization/hydroarylation. The use of metal templated synthesis of the gold(I) acyclic diaminocarbenes allowed for the gradual increase in steric bulk of the catalysts. In the end, it was shown that electronics play the major role in the regioselectivity for the 1,6 enyne cyclization/hydroarylation but localized steric bulk can control the catalytic reaction if placed strategically. Cross-coupling reactions used to form carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds are important in the production of pharmaceutical chemicals on a large scale. Iron, an extremely cheap and earth abundant first row transition metal, has had some success in cross-coupling reactions. Iron does not go through the same catalytic cycle for cross-coupling as most transition metals, the most common of which is palladium. In the dissertation, a ligand was developed to induce Iron to undergo the same cycle as palladium. In addition, the same ligand was placed on palladium(II) and reduced to try to form and isolate a catalytically active palladium(0) complex.
Selection and Ordering Policies for Hiring Pipelines via Linear Programming
Authors: Epstein Boris , Ma Will
Published: February 2024

Hiring the right person for the job is crucial for the success of any organization. In “Selection and Ordering Policies for Hiring Pipelines via Linear Programming,” Epstein and Ma study several problems motivated by a firm that is carrying out a recruitment process. Restricted to a finite time budget, the firm must decide who will be interviewed out of a pool of applicants and who will receive offers among the interviewed applicants. They develop approximation algorithms with constant factor guarantees that approach optimality when the number of vacant positions grows large. The algorithms they develop are nonadaptive: they fix a subset of candidates and an order to conduct the interviews and the order remains unchanged, independent of the outcomes of other interviews. Thus, they establish bounds on the adaptivity gap: a worst-case measure of how poorly non-adaptive algorithms can perform with respect to their adaptive counterparts.
Valsalva manoeuvre-induced pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a COVID-19 patient with ARDS: an unusual mechanism for this complication
Authors: Weerawardane Totawatte Don Srilak , Bürgisser Nils , Berner Amandine , Coen Matteo
Published: February 2024

Background: Until now, only a few cases of Valsalva-induced barotraumas (pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema) have been described, and none of them among COVID-19 patients. Case description: A man in his 50s was admitted for SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Initial evolution was favourable with non-invasive ventilatory support, high-flow oxygen nasal cannula and the best supportive drugs available at the time. During the Valsalva manoeuvre while defecating, the patient reported sudden chest pain and showed a new acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to a pneumothorax. It led to multiple complications (pulmonary embolism, haemoptysis, and cardiac arrest), and despite the best supportive care, led to the patient's death. Discussion: The Valsalva manoeuvre can be an overlooked cause of pneumothorax in patients with COVID-19. Predisposition to barotrauma in COVID-19 patients could be explained by several factors, including the extensive use of non-invasive and invasive ventilation during the pandemic, and the histological changes observed in the lungs of those infected with COVID-19. Conclusion: We report the first description of a Valsalva-induced barotrauma in a COVID-19 infection. We emphasise the importance of treating constipation particularly in severe COVID-19 cases, to prevent complications such as barotrauma.
Ischaemic gastropathy: an under-recognised cause of abdominal pain
Authors: Touza Masara , Emehinola Oluwatosin , Ali Ruhma , Jamil Asma , Hussain Muhammad , Atiyat Raed , Miller Richard
Published: February 2024

Ischaemic gastropathy is an under-recognised phenomenon with a particularly poor prognosis, where early diagnosis is crucial for successful medical intervention and the prevention of life-threatening complications. We present a case involving a 42-year-old female with no history of vascular insufficiency who developed ischaemic gastropathy following a prolonged stay in the intensive care unit, from septic shock secondary to Escherichia coli bacteraemia due to complicated acute appendicitis. This case underscores the importance of the physician’s awareness regarding this rare entity and the necessity to consider it in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and haematemesis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment may significantly improve survival outcomes in this less-documented pathology, especially in the younger adult population.
Stercoral colitis- induced ischemia mimicking acute mesenteric ischemia: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kloub Mohammad N. , Haddad Ahmad , Abushanab Mohammad , Al-maharmeh Qusai , Hussain Muhammad , Al Qazakzeh Abdullah , Anwar Atheer
Published: February 2024

Stercoral colitis is a rare but serious condition characterized by inflammation of the colonic mucosa due to impacted and hardened faecal material. The word “stercoral” means “related to faeces”. This condition usually develops due to the accumulation of hard stool masses in the colon, which cause localized inflammation and irritation. These faecalomas can exert persistent pressure on the colonic wall, causing damage and inflammation. Stercoral colitis presenting symptoms that mimic acute mesenteric ischemia is a diagnostic challenge for clinicians due to the overlap in clinical manifestations. Changes in bowel habits, bloating, and excruciating abdominal pain are potential manifestations of both illnesses, making it difficult to distinguish between them using clinical presentation. Diagnostic imaging, such as computed tomography scans, significantly discriminates between stercoral colitis and acute mesenteric ischemia. In cases where stercoral colitis mimics acute mesenteric ischemia, a thorough evaluation is essential to rule out vascular compromise. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial, as the management strategies for these two conditions differ significantly. Stercoral colitis often requires bowel evacuation and addressing the underlying faecal impaction. Acute mesenteric ischemia demands prompt vascular intervention to restore blood flow and prevent severe complications like bowel infarction. Given the potential overlap in symptoms and the critical importance of distinguishing between stercoral colitis and acute mesenteric ischemia, a multidisciplinary approach involving radiological imaging, clinical expertise, and timely intervention is essential for optimal patient care. This case highlights the importance of considering stercoral colitis when evaluating a patient with an acute abdomen, especially elderly patients with history of constipation.
TEMAS CONTROVERSOS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Melo Marlene Rios , Andrade Tatiana Santos
Published: February 2024

A pandemia, causada pelo vírus Sarcov-2, denominada de Covid-19, tem seu surgimento relacionado a degradação ambiental. Segundo o Relatório do PNUMA (2020) existe uma relação direta entre a destruição ambiental e o desenvolvimento de doenças zoonóticas e ainda, aponta que a manutenção do modo predatório de exploração do meio ambiente implicará no surgimento mais frequente de novas pandemias. Nesse sentido, considerou-se necessário que os processos educativos contemplem debates sobre a compreensão não só do conhecimento científico envolvido nas tecnologias de produção e seus efeitos ao meio ambiente natural, mas também as implicações sociais, políticas e econômicas envolvidas. Essa necessidade levou à estruturação de Projeto de Extensão, parceria entre duas Instituições Federais de Ensino, visando ampliar e melhorar a compreensão do fenômeno pandêmico através de palestras on-line (lives) com pesquisadores e grupos de resistência comprometidos com a preservação ambiental. O objetivo dessa pesquisa contempla, a partir da efetivação do projeto de extensão, a interpretação do fenômeno:  os diálogos desenvolvidos durante as apresentações, feitas pelos pesquisadores e líderes de grupos de resistência, sobre as relações entre questões ambientais e surgimento de pandemias. Após a percepção desse fenômeno, formulou-se a questão de pesquisa, que orientou o olhar compreensivo: as discussões estabelecidas pelos palestrantes e a constituição de temas controversos envolvendo a relação entre impactos ambientais e surgimento de pandemias. A análise apontou para cinco temas controversos, bem como sugestão de formas de mediação desses temas na escola apoiada em pressupostos Frerianos e associada a perspectiva educacional CTS.
Análise do Discurso e formação continuada de professores na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)
Authors: OLIVEIRA SANTOS ADRIANO , Bravin dos Santos Angela Marina , Dos Santos Costa Wagner Alexandre
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos aspectos fundamentais para a formação continuada de professores da EJA relacionados aos estudos linguísticos. Partimos da leitura de Pareceres oficiais sobre a política educacional desse programa a fim de encontrarmos os argumentos que suscitaram a criação de um curso, direcionado a tais professores, cujo objetivo foi oferecer-lhes possibilidades de reflexão sobre a maneira de trabalhar a linguagem de uso dos seus alunos. Para tanto, a base teórica utilizada sustenta-se na Teoria Semiolinguística de Análise do Discurso, de Patrick Charaudeau (2008), destacando-se dela o Contrato de Comunicação e os Sujeitos do Ato de Linguagem. O material didático consiste em textos de jornais, dos quais o jornal popular Meia hora se destaca, já que seus textos permitem observar os diferentes usos da língua. Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados que obtivemos com a aplicação do curso e do material produzido para uso nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa na EJA.Palavras-chave: EJA. Linguagem em uso. Textos jornalísticos.
No soar do tambor: carimbó em prática educativa
Authors: Maciel Barros Laise Maciel , Baltar Marcos
Published: February 2024

Inserida no campo da Linguística Aplicada, ancorada nos estudos dialógicos da linguagem e na Pedagogia Crítica, essa pesquisa traz como resultado uma proposição de uma prática educativa flexível para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem do componente curricular Língua Portuguesa na Educação Básica. Trata-se de uma proposta de prática educativa com a canção Tambor do norte de Dona Onete, cuja abordagem associa as características da canção, compreendida como gênero multissemiótico da esfera artístico-cultural, ao ensino-aprendizagem de línguas. Seguindo os caminhos freirianos, da defesa da prática educativa como libertadora e substancialmente esperançosa, a proposta sugerida visa ao diálogo e às trocas de saberes entre professores e estudantes para a efetivação de conhecimentos diversos, em especial a compreensão de identidade e cultura regional. A canção trabalhada apresenta a união das culturas indígena e negra e um som peculiar de uma das manifestações culturais do norte do Brasil, o carimbó. Como recurso metodológico, orientador da prática educativa, foi adotado o Tetragrama de análise multissemiótica da canção proposto pelo Grupo de Estudos da Canção (GECAN/NELA/UFSC).
voz e a vez dos podcasts na educação linguística em espanhol
Authors: De Freitas Batista Fabiana , Kanashiro Daniela
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo objetiva discutir as potencialidades do gênero discursivo podcast na educação linguística, especialmente, em língua espanhola. A metodologia utilizada é a de pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativista, proposta por Stake (2011), com perfil bibliográfico. Kenski (2003) e Moran et al. (2012) corroboram com a ideia de que as tecnologias transformaram também o contexto educacional. Dessa forma, trazemos parte da história das tecnologias voltadas para a educação, ancoradas sobretudo em Paiva (2015). Na sequência, expomos elementos caracterizadores do gênero discursivo podcast, segundo Carvalho, Aguiar e Maciel (2009), Medeiros (2006) e Villarta-Neder e Ferreira (2020). Discorremos também como o podcast pode contribuir para a escuta e a produção oral em língua adicional. Por fim,  apresentamos uma proposta de atividades com o uso de podcast  em língua espanhola para a educação básica. Como material autêntico, de fácil acesso, abordando temáticas atuais, avaliamos que esse arquivo de áudio pode contribuir significativamente para o desenvolvimento da escuta e da fala em língua adicional, a depender de como o docente explore-o em sala de aula.
Arquivos pedagógicos, leitura e escrita: uma proposta para o ensino fundamental.
Authors: Cruz de Oliveira Garcia Fernanda , Rodrigues Andréa
Published: February 2024

Neste  texto, apresentamos e discutimos a proposta de um caderno de atividades baseado na ideia de criação de um arquivo pedagógico (Indursky, 2019), acompanhado de sugestões de práticas de leitura e de escrita para professores e estudantes de ensino fundamental. Esse trabalho propositivo foi realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Letras, e começou a ser pensado ainda durante a pandemia, a partir de uma portaria emitida por esse programa,  que indicou a possibilidade de produzir materiais didáticos sem a obrigatoriedade anterior de que houvesse um projeto de natureza interventiva, dadas as condições de ensino remoto durante o período pandêmico. O trabalho parte da abordagem teórica da Análise do Discurso (AD) materialista, especialmente as noções de arquivo pedagógico proposto por Freda Indursky (2019) ,  leitura e autoria na escola (Orlandi, 1988; 2006).
Model Simulation of Continuous Time Markov Chain Susceptible Infected Recovered-Bacterial Population for Cholera Disease
Authors: Hidayati Aulia Maulani Syifa Nur , Respatiwulan Respatiwulan , Subanti Sri
Published: February 2024

Epidemic is an outbreak of an infectious disease rapidly in a population at a certain place and time. Epidemic models are used to explains the spread pattern of disease. The continuous time Markov chain susceptible infected recovered-bacterial population in the aquatic reservoir (CTMC SIR-B) model is a stochastic model, which considers the effect of bacterial population. The human population are classified into 3 groups. There are susceptible, infected, and recovered groups. Then, there are bacterial population which can infectious the cholera disease to human. CTMC SIR-B model considers treatment and water sanitation parameters. The spread of cholera disease can be modeled as CTMC SIR-B. Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera can be transmitted through the human digestive system. The symptoms of cholera disease are diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. The dehydration if not handled properly, may cause death. The aims of this research are to build and simulate the CTMC SIR-B model for cholera disease. The result of the model simulation shows that there is no significant difference between various values of treatment and water sanitation parameters. The pattern of the cholera disease spread describes that the transmission of cholera can occur from human to human even though there is no population of bacteria in the aquatic reservoir.

Keywords: cholera; ctmc sir-b; epidemic model; stochastic.

 
Analisis Data Time Series Menggunakan Model Kernel: Pemodelan Data Harga Saham MDKA
Authors: Suparti Suparti , Santoso Rukun
Published: February 2024

Classic time series data analysis techniques, such as autoregressive, model stationary data in which the values of prior observations influence the current observations through a process known as linear regression. There are several requirements for error assumptions in autoregressive, including independence, normal distribution with a zero mean and constant variance. It is frequently discovered that these assumptions are challenging to verify when modelling real data. Kernel time series regression is an alternative model that does not require error assumptions. Non-stationary time series data can be effectively modelled using the kernel time series method. Time series data that isn't yet stationary is made stationary first, then the data is modified by forming the current stationary time series data as the response variable and the previous period data as the predictor variable. Next, regression kernel modelling is carried out while applying kernel weight function and determining the optimal bandwidth. For development of science, the optimal bandwidth can be achieved by minimizing the MSE, CV, GCV, or UBR values. It is possible to use R2 or MAPE as the kernel time series regression model's goodness metric. A strong model is generated while modelling MDKA stock price data using kernel regression utilizing the Gaussian kernel function and optimal bandwidth selection using GCV since R2 is 0.9828372 more than 0.67 and MAPE is 1.985681% under 10%.

Keywords: 3 time series; kernel regression; GCV; MDKA stock price.
Penentuan Rate Asuransi Kendaraan Bermotor Menggunakan Kredibilitas Bayesian
Authors: Dapa Rahmila , Utami Iut Tri
Published: February 2024

This paper uses Credibility to determine new rate based on data of historical claim in a motor vehicle insurance in Bandung, Indonesia. Rate is formed based on past loss through experience rating. Credibility is one of the examples of experience rating that considers group historical claims. One of the credibility methods is Bayesian credibility that considers rate as a random variable. Bayesian credibility is used based on claim frequency and claim severity from a group of policy holders in order to create new rates. In this paper, claim frequency followed the Poisson distribution while claim severity followed the Lognormal distribution. Result of analysis showed that rate values based on claim frequency and severity are higher than the rate values that were used back in 2010.

Keywords: bayesian credibility; rate; claim frequency; claim severity
COBERTURA DE ANALISTAS E AGRESSIVIDADE FISCAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Tamires Almeida , Monte-Mor Danilo Soares , Tardin Neyla , Gouveia Santos Sergio
Published: February 2024

Os investidores buscam no mercado de capital alternativas de investimentos, podendo basear suas decisões em recomendações de analistas financeiros, que acompanham as companhias. No entanto, essa decisão pode ser tornar frustrada caso os números contábeis possam ser deliberadamente manipulados por meio de decisões gerenciais que possam contrariar o interesse dos acionistas, como a agressividade fiscal. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência da cobertura de analistas nos níveis de agressividade fiscal das empresas listadas na [B]3, no período de 2010 a 2018. Foram utilizados dois modelos de regressão linear múltipla com dados em painel de efeito fixos de anos para testar as variáveis do estudo. Os resultados apresentaram significância positiva, sendo possível inferir que as empresas brasileiras que apresentam maiores índices de agressividade fiscal têm maior cobertura de analistas, demonstrando que os analistas financeiros exercem o papel de geradores de informações para o mercado de capitais.
Care workers’ practices in oral healthcare for the elderly : Mediating role of elderly oral healthcare education and behavioral needs
Authors: Moon Sang-Eun , Yang Jin-Ju , Choi You-Jin
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of care workers’ knowledge of elderly oral health, education on elderly oral healthcare and behavioral needs, awareness of elderly oral healthcare, and actual practices in elderly oral healthcare. Furthermore, it explores the mediating effects of elderly oral healthcare education and behavioral needs on the relationship between awareness and practice. Methods: Data were collected from October 11 to December 29, 2023, from 172 certified care workers employed in nursing hospitals and other workplaces. For analyzing the data, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical regression were conducted using SPSS Statistics 21.0. Results: Elderly oral health knowledge, education and behavioral needs, awareness, and practice were significantly higher among: those aged 51 years and older, female, primarily working in nursing hospitals, with a total career span of 10 years, higher job satisfaction, in organizations prioritizing elderly oral healthcare, and with superior education in elderly oral health. Elderly oral healthcare education and behavioral needs had partial mediating effects on the relationship between care workers’ awareness and practice of elderly oral healthcare. Conclusions: The current practices and challenges in care workers’ oral healthcare for the elderly will be analyzed, and recommendations and strategies for improving practices will be formulated.
Atlantic Patriotism: The Seven Years' War and the Transformation of American, British, and French Political Culture
Authors: Dziembowski Edmond
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The Seven Years' War worked as a catalyst of mutations already present before the hostilities. The case is particularly palpable when we consider the transformation of American, British, and French political culture between 1756 and 1763. In America, William Pitt's colonial policy based on partnership led after the peace to a huge disappointment in America and a growing tension with London. Eventually, it paved the way for the revolt of the Sons of Liberty. In Great Britain, the ideological and political consequences of the war were no less dramatic. Pitt's patriot policy, which was in many respects a mirror of the colonists' political culture based on the same republican principles, brought a decisive contribution to the birth of radicalism after the peace. Last but not least, French political culture was deeply affected by the conflict. A new conception of the political role of the French people emerged during the war, leading to the transformation of the subjects of Louis XV into self-proclaimed citizens willing to offer spontaneously their services for the common weal.
Lynching Modernism: Ulysses , America, and the Negro Minstrel Abroad
Authors: Ozier Amadi
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In Ulysses , Joyce thematizes the ways that non-American global writers leverage and export narratives of American racial violence in order to mark themselves as modern, cosmopolitan actors, situating themselves within a global discursive network by commentating on spectacular American racism. I use the term "lynching modernism" to delineate the ways both British and Irish creators wielded "Americanness" as a productive cultural fiction that informed their own modes of modern creative production. Blackness, as an aesthetic category, gets juggled carefully to become representative of, useful to, and used both by non-blacks within the United States and by non-Americans outside of it.
Among the Decadents: Nancy Cunard's Art of Imitation
Authors: Van Puymbroeck Birgit
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This article examines Nancy Cunard's early poetry in light of ongoing debates about the relationship between modernism and decadence. Rather than positioning Cunard as a 'dilettante', 'rebel' or 'muse', it suggests that she was a poet in her own right, adopting a modernist-decadent style. Through a close reading of her early poetry, published in the collections Outlaws and Sublunary , and her long poem Parallax , the article considers Cunard's poetry as an example of a continued decadence, showing how Cunard adopted decadent motifs and strategies in her work.
The Chaplin Vaccine: Immunization and Taylorism in Viktor Shklovsky's Theory and Fiction
Authors: Bulatova Asiya
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The article examines early-Soviet figurations of cinema as a vaccine capable of inoculating workers with corporeal efficiency. Within this cultural fantasy, Charlie Chaplin was appropriated by the Soviet avant-garde to play an unlikely role of an expert in the theory and practice of labor. Tracing the cultural contexts of Chaplin's cameo in Iprit (1925), a science-fiction novel by Viktor Shklovsky and Vsevolod Ivanov, this article shows that the search for immunity from labor exhaustion opens wider vistas of the history of labor that run through the biocapital of slavery into the Soviet adoption of Taylorist practices of bodily standardization.
Spiraling down the Smelting Pot: Economic Determinism and the Working-Class Hero in The Deer Hunter (Cimino, 1978) and Out of the Furnace (Cooper, 2013)
Authors: Assouly Julie
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Coming thirty-five years after The Deer Hunter, Out of the Furnace , a largely overlooked drama directed by Scott Cooper, seems to revisit Michael Cimino's Vietnam War classic: both focus on working-class Pennsylvania communities against the backdrop of industrial landscapes and decay, war trauma, and even deer hunting. Yet the resemblance between the two films should not overshadow their differences. Cooper's film acknowledges the material limitations of working-class life, which were partly dismissed in The Deer Hunter 's representation of a humble yet convivial Russian American community of steel workers, three of whom set out to fight for their country in Vietnam. Conversely, in Out of the Furnace , two brothers grow apart as one accepts his unsatisfactory working-class position and the other serves in Iraq, hoping to make enough money to escape the mill. This article proposes a parallel between the two films' treatment of working-class masculinity and class determinism in the Rust Belt region at two different yet comparable periods in American history.
Digital Privilege
Authors: Bennett Susan
Published: February 2024

Abstract: "Digital Privilege" examines Shakespeare and performance during the most restrictive years of COVID-19, when his work was, by necessity, digitally delivered. The essay addresses the privilege of the audiences for these online experiences—viewers characterized by the technological privilege of access to a quality and reliable internet connection as well as to suitable hardware. Yet, at the same time, the distribution of performances online allowed access to "live" performance to communities for whom the physical act of theatergoing is complicated, rare, and/or impossible, particularly for geographically remote and disabled audiences. The digital delivery of online performance, typically at no or low cost to the viewer, underscored the economic privilege assumed by ticket prices for in-person performances at major theaters.
An Outsider's Inside Notes on the New York Public Theater's Romeo Y Julieta
Authors: Modenessi Alfredo Michel
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Early in the COVID-19 lockdown, my 2017 translation of Romeo and Juliet was used by the New York Public Theater for a bilingual podcast called Romeo Y Julieta that made no linguistic or ethnic distinctions between the households. As a stage translator, my work is generally informed by the Mexican praxis of Spanish. However, providing the Spanish text for more diverse audiences made me both a distant and a close agent in projects approaching Shakespeare in unorthodox fashion within swiftly mutable identitarian contexts. Moreover, I was the only agent not working in/from the United States. This essay discusses the demands that this multicultural endeavor, its diverse performers, and its potential publics made on my craft, and addresses the outcome and its public reception in a context where my native and acquired tongues operate at once in loving sync and conflict—a world in which I do not belong, and yet I do.
Convening for Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Snyder-Young Dani
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The vice president for Conference 2023 welcomes attendees to the ATHE 2023 conference in Austin, TX.
Disability, Theatre, and Performance: The Beginning
Authors: Phong Winter
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The creation of the Disability, Theatre, and Performance (DTaP) Focus Group at the ATHE Conference 2023 marks a crucial step for inclusivity in academia and the arts for disabled scholars and artists. Despite facing obstacles, DTaP initiated effective efforts and garnered support from other focus groups at the 2023 conference. However, limitations and accessibility issues at the conference revealed ongoing challenges faced by disabled participants, highlighting the persistent barriers they encounter. This milestone founding represents progress, yet it also underscores the continued struggle for equitable representation and recognition.
Internationalizing the US Academy: Perspectives from Theatre and Performance Studies
Authors: Browne Jyana S. , Huang Yizhou , Marshall Caitlin
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In this introduction to the special section Internationalizing the US Academy: Perspectives from Theatre and Performance Studies , we foreground the voices of international scholars to make visible their invisible labor and nimble adaptations so that we might further coalitional and solidarity work and move toward institutional reforms.
Internationalizing ATHE: A Roundtable Discussion
Authors: Haeri Q-mars , Moosavi Marjan , Sampaio Gustavo Prado , Sira Zerihun Birehanu , Steuernagel Marcos Davi Silva , Tarafder Rini , Yoo Eunwoo
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This roundtable of international graduate students explores the challenges of studying, teaching, and researching at institutions in the United States and proposes action items for individuals and institutions to foster a more inclusive and supportive environment for all.
Ultra-broadband TM-pass polarizer based on anisotropic metamaterials in lithium niobate on an insulator
Authors: Han Xu , Cheng Rui , Huang Liang , Yu Panpan , Feng Lantian , Ren Guanghui , Mitchell Arnan , Tian Yonghui , Ren Xifeng , Xia Haojie
Published: February 2024

An ultra-broadband TM-pass polarizer is designed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated based on subwavelength grating (SWG) metamaterials in a lithium niobate on an insulator (LNOI) platform. According to our simulation, the designed device is predicted to work at a 220 nm wavelength range from 1460 to 1680 nm, covering the S-, C-, L-, U-bands of optical fiber communication. By depositing and subsequently etching a silicon nitride thin film atop the LNOI chip, the SWG structures are formed successfully by using complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication processes. The measured results show a high polarization extinction ratio larger than 20 dB and a relatively low insertion loss below 2.5 dB over a 130 nm wavelength range from 1500 to 1630 nm, mainly limited by the operation bandwidth of our laser source.
Super-resolution lensless on-chip microscopy based on array illumination and sub-pixel shift search
Authors: Li Yulong , Ma Jianshe , Cao Liangcai , Su Ping
Published: February 2024

The resolution of a lensless on-chip microscopy system is constrained by the pixel size of image sensors. This Letter introduces a super-resolution on-chip microscopy system based on a compact array light source illumination and sub-pixel shift search. The system utilizes a closely spaced array light source composed by four RGB LED modules, sequentially illuminating the sample. A sub-pixel shift search algorithm is proposed, which determines the sub-pixel shift by comparing the frequency of captured low-resolution holograms. Leveraging this sub-pixel shift, a super-resolution reconstruction algorithm is introduced, building upon a multi-wavelength phase retrieval method, enabling the rapid super-resolution reconstruction of holograms with the region-of-interest. The system and algorithms presented herein obviate the need for a displacement control platform and calibration of the illumination angles of the light source, facilitating a super-resolution phase reconstruction under partially coherent illumination.
Topological corner state localized bound states in continuum in photonic crystals
Authors: Zhang Zhenbin , Ruan Banxian , Gao Enduo , Liu Chao , Li Hongjian
Published: February 2024

In the field of optics, bound states in the continuum (BICs) are of significant practical importance as they can trap electromagnetic waves spatially, even though their frequency lies within the continuous spectrum. Previous research, however, has shown that BICs localized in optical cavities are highly sensitive to geometric and environmental changes. This sensitivity implies that slight variations can lead to the loss of BICs, necessitating extreme precision in manufacturing, which poses a challenge for practical implementation. To overcome this issue, this study employs topological photonic crystals (PhCs) to engineer topological corner states (TCS) within PhCs. By doing so, it establishes a method for creating topological BICs that are inherently robust against disturbances, thereby enhancing their suitability for real-world applications.
Highly efficient upconversion luminescence in narrow-bandgap Y2Mo4O15
Authors: You Wenwu , Zhang Xiaomin , Yu Ruoxi , Chen Chao , Li Mingxing , Pan Gencai , Mao Yanli
Published: February 2024

Lanthanide-doped upconversion (UC) materials have been extensively investigated for their unique capability to convert low-energy excitation into high-energy emission. Contrary to previous reports suggesting that efficient UC luminescence (UCL) is exclusively observed in materials with a wide bandgap, we have discovered in this study that Y2Mo4O15:Yb3+/Tm3+ microcrystals, a narrowband material, exhibit highly efficient UC emission. Remarkably, these microcrystals do not display any four- or five-photon UC emission bands. This particular optical phenomenon is independent of the variation in doping ion concentration, temperature, phonon energy, and excitation power density. Combining theoretical calculations and experimental results, we attribute the vanishing emission bands to the strong interaction between the bandgap of the Y2Mo4O15 host matrix (3.37 eV) and the high-energy levels (1I6 and 1D2) of Tm3+ ions. This interaction can effectively catalyze the UC emission process of Tm3+ ions, which leads to Y2Mo4O15:Yb3+/Tm3+ microcrystals possessing very strong UCL intensity. The brightness of these microcrystals outshines commercial UC NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ green phosphors by a factor of 10 and is 1.4 times greater than that of UC NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ blue phosphors. Ultimately, Y2Mo4O15:Yb3+/Tm3+ microcrystals, with their distinctive optical characteristics, are being tailored for sophisticated anti-counterfeiting and information encryption applications.
Hybrid regularization method for LRT image reconstruction under incomplete projections
Authors: Guo Rui , Zhihan Jin , Jiang Zheyi , zhang xin-yuan , Hu Yihua , Guo Liang , long lulan
Published: February 2024

Lidar reflective tomography (LRT) system is able to achieve long-distance target detection and collect laser projection data for target reconstruction. In target detection with laser, the projection data is often incomplete or missing, where the traditional reconstruction algorithms are no longer effective. Therefore, this paper applies the regularization model to LRT image reconstruction and proposes a hybrid regularization method for higher LRT imaging performance, to prevent the over-fitting problem of the model and improve the speed and stability of the proposed method. Meanwhile, the edge and the structural characteristics of the reconstructed target with LRT is better enhanced by using the proposed hybrid regularization method. By conducting the LRT outfield experiment and using the collected LRT projection data, the validity of the proposed method in incomplete projection reconstruction is well proved.
Bidirectional de novo peptide sequencing using a transformer model
Authors: Lee Sangjeong , Kim Hyunwoo
Published: February 2024

In proteomics, a crucial aspect is to identify peptide sequences. De novo sequencing methods have been widely employed to identify peptide sequences, and numerous tools have been proposed over the past two decades. Recently, deep learning approaches have been introduced for de novo sequencing. Previous methods focused on encoding tandem mass spectra and predicting peptide sequences from the first amino acid onwards. However, when predicting peptides using tandem mass spectra, the peptide sequence can be predicted not only from the first amino acid but also from the last amino acid due to the coexistence of b-ion (or a- or c-ion) and y-ion (or x- or z-ion) fragments in the tandem mass spectra. Therefore, it is essential to predict peptide sequences bidirectionally. Our approach, called NovoB, utilizes a Transformer model to predict peptide sequences bidirectionally, starting with both the first and last amino acids. In comparison to Casanovo, our method achieved an improvement of the average peptide-level accuracy rate of approximately 9.8% across all species.
STGIC: A graph and image convolution-based method for spatial transcriptomic clustering
Authors: Zhang Chen , Gao Junhui , Chen Hong-Yu , Kong Lingxin , Cao Guangshuo , Guo Xiangyu , Liu Wei , Ren Bin , Wei Dong-Qing
Published: February 2024

Spatial transcriptomic (ST) clustering employs spatial and transcription information to group spots spatially coherent and transcriptionally similar together into the same spatial domain. Graph convolution network (GCN) and graph attention network (GAT), fed with spatial coordinates derived adjacency and transcription profile derived feature matrix are often used to solve the problem. Our proposed method STGIC (spatialtranscriptomic clustering withgraph andimageconvolution) is designed for techniques with regular lattices on chips. It utilizes an adaptive graph convolution (AGC) to get high quality pseudo-labels and then resorts to dilated convolution framework (DCF) for virtual image converted from gene expression information and spatial coordinates of spots. The dilation rates and kernel sizes are set appropriately and updating of weight values in the kernels is made to be subject to the spatial distance from the position of corresponding elements to kernel centers so that feature extraction of each spot is better guided by spatial distance to neighbor spots. Self-supervision realized by Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence, spatial continuity loss and cross entropy calculated among spots with high confidence pseudo-labels make up the training objective of DCF. STGIC attains state-of-the-art (SOTA) clustering performance on the benchmark dataset of 10x Visium human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Besides, it’s capable of depicting fine structures of other tissues from other species as well as guiding the identification of marker genes. Also, STGIC is expandable to Stereo-seq data with high spatial resolution.