bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU RESIDIFIS DALAM SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Arief Moh. Zainol
Published: June 2021

Recidive terjadi dalam hal seseorang yang melakukan tindak pidana dan telah dijatuhi pidana dengan suatu putusan hakim yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap (inkracht van gewijsde), kemudian melakukan tindak pidana lagi. Sama seperti dalam concursus relais, dalam recidive terjadi beberapa tindak pidana. Namun dalam recidive telah ada putusan hakim yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap.  Recidive merupakan alasan yang dapat memperberat pemidanaan. Proses penegakan hukum bagi pelaku yang terhalang kesehatan maka pelaku residivis yang memiliki gangguan kesehatan atau penjatuhan pidana terhalang oleh kesehatan pelaku, akan diadakan proses pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh pihak penyidik sehingga diketahui apakah pelaku benar-benar menderita gangguan kesehatan atau tidak. Jika kesehatan pelaku terganggu maka pelaku akan mendapatkan atau menjalani penanganan secara medis tetapi tidak menghilangkan atau menggugurkan proses pemidanaan.
Towards the Egyptian Charter for Conservation of Cultural Heritages
Authors: Rossi Corinna , Rabie Sara
Published: June 2021

The notion of “Cultural heritage” is quite modern compared to other humanistic fields developed in the last century. Conservation as a science has emerged and took shape during international conventions and treaties in many places in Europe and developed various frameworks to recognize the heritage and its value but based on “Eurocentric bias” criteria. The fact of sharing universal values and common practices during the age of globalization had a significant impact on conservation actions in contexts utterly different from western societies and don’t share the same historical or cultural dimensions. Therefore, this study traces the history of the evolution of conservation in the west from two perspectives; the historical one and the developing methodologies, and the philosophies behind the main theories in conservation. Cultural heritage is a reflection of the identity of the society and its past; thus, this study outlines the development of conservation practices in Egypt within the international approaches in a chronological order to investigate the social response and the impact of the political and cultural influence of the cultural consciousness of the society and the conservation actions in the Egyptian context. Furthermore, to investigate the contribution of international charters in developing national policies in Egypt.
The ratio of the subject of the offense and the victim from the position of the general theory of law
Authors: Starodubova Lyudmila Valerievna
Published: June 2021

The correlation of such concepts as "the subject of an offense" (crime) and "victim" in the framework of the general theory of law is investigated. Modern legal literature has enough studies of the relationship between the object of the offense and the victim, however, without paying enough attention to the subject of illegal encroachment, although it is the question of the relationship of the victim with him that is one of the most controversial and ambiguous in the theory of offense. Moreover, the vast majority of theorists writing about the subject of the offense and the offense as a whole conduct their research within the framework of branch legal sciences, primarily within the sciences of criminal and administrative law. Nevertheless, the general theory of state and law should be the fundamental, methodological science that dictates its own view of concepts and ideas, perceived in the future by branch sciences. В В В  According to the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the subject of the offense are elements of matter under legal protection, through the negative impact on which harm is caused to public relations, and the victim is an element of a legal relationship that, from his point of view, cannot act as either the object of a legal relationship or its subject. Through the illegal encroachment of the offender on the victim, they cause harm to the public attitude under the protection of the law as a whole.In the question of the relationship between the subject of the offense and the victim, we came to the conclusion that the subject of the offense are elements of matter under legal protection, through the negative impact on which harm is caused to public relations, and the victim is an element of a legal relationship that, from our point of view, cannot act as either an object of a legal relationship or his subject.
Social Interaction Anxiety and Its Influence on Learning Engagement of Students During COVID-19
Authors: Nair Abhishek J M , Sreekumar Sreejith
Published: June 2021

Individuals with social interaction anxiety often tend to hold specious beliefs about the level to which others experience symptoms of social anxiety and how others evaluate people who appear to be anxious. The purpose of this study was to: (a) to gauge the level of social interaction anxiety among students to find out how it will affect them in the long run with the adoption of the virtual platform (b) to examine the relationship between social interaction anxiety and learning engagement. The study has thus looked into the relationship between the factors like social interaction anxiety, COVID fear and student engagement. A theoretical model was developed using selected variables and the model was then tested with the help of a structured questionnaire which was circulated among 300 respondents of which 250 responses were received. Analysis of the model using WarpPLS-SEM pointed to few important constructs that resulted in social interaction anxiety. Results depicted that a vast majority of individuals experience symptoms of social interaction anxiety from time to time. We have analyzed the social interaction anxiety on student engagement and from the result, we have found out that due to COVID fear, the social interaction anxiety has increased resulting in the decrease of student learning engagement.
Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri Dismenorea dengan Pemberian Jus Wortel Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: SARI HUSNA , Hayati Erlina
Published: June 2021

Dismenorea adalah nyeri menstruasi yang memaksa wanita untuk istirahat atau berakibat terhadap menurunnya kinerja dan berkurangnya aktivitas sehari-hari. Rata-rata lebih dari 50% wanita mengalami Dismenorea disetiap negaranya. Salah satu penanggulangan Dismenorea dengan nonfarmakologi yaitu menggunakan jus wortel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penurunan tingkat nyeri dismenorea dengan pemberian jus wortel pada remaja putri. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode quasy eksperimen dengan one group pre test-post test design. Sampel berjumlah yang terdiri dari 25 orang dengan pemberian jus wortel dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer, Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi skala nyeri dismenorea sebelum dan sesudah diberikan jus wortel. Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil uji statistik dengan wilcoxon sebelum dan sesudah diberikan jus wortel bahwa nilai ρ value 0,001 < 0,05  yang berarti ada penurunan tingkat  nyeri dismenorea  dengan pemberian  jus wortel pada remaja putri, maka dapat dikatakan H0 ditolak. Kesimpulannya ada penurunan tingkat nyeri dismenorea  dengan pemberian  jus wortel pada remaja putri. Disarankan kepada responden agar mengkonsumsi jus wortel sehingga dapat mengurangi nyeri yang dirasakan selama dismenorea (nyeri haid).
Perilaku Petugas Farmasi Tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Awalbros Ujung Batu
Authors: Winata Toni , Dewi Oktavia , Leonita Emy , Hamid Abdurrahman , Rany Novita
Published: June 2021

Pelayanan Kefarmasian adalah suatu pelayanan langsung dan bertanggung jawab kepada pasien yang berkaitan dengan sediaan farmasi dengan maksud mencapai hasil yang pasti untuk meningkatkan mutu kehidupan pasien yang tertuang dalam Permenkes RI nomor 35 tahun 2014 pasal 1 ayat 3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku petugas farmasi tentang SPM (Standar Pelayanan Minimal) di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Awalbros Ujung Batu. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Awalbros Ujung  Batu dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2020. Informan berjumlah 6 orang, hasil penelitian yaitu waktu tunggu layanan obat jadi sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan manajemen rumah sakit kurang dari 8 menit atau lebih cepat dari pada waktu layanan dalam ketentuan rumah sakit dan Kepmenkes, waktu penyajian obatracikan belum berjalan dengan target yang diharapkan yakni kurang dari 20 menit hal ini disebabkan jumlah obat yang diracik dan jumlah bungkus obat serta jumlah pasien. Tidak adanya kesalahan dalam pemberian obat hal ini sudah berjalan sesuai dengan SPO rumah sakit, kepuasan pelanggan belum berjalan dengan sempurna seperti waktu tunggu obat racikan yang belum tepat waktu, penulisan resep sesuai dengan formularium sudah diberlakukan dengan baik serta dokumen pedoman formularium direvisi secara berkelanjutan, dan penerapan standar pelayanan minimal konsisten diterapkan dalam masa pandemi covid-19.
Medicinal Functions of Physalis Fruits for Biomedical Applications
Authors:   Department of Ceramics and Building Materials, Biomedical Materials Group 33 Elbuhouth st. National Research Centre, Egypt, WI Abdel-Fattah , GT El-Bassyouni ,   Department of Ceramics and Building Materials, Biomedical Materials Group 33 Elbuhouth st. National Research Centre, Egypt
Published: June 2021

Drug innovation using natural products is an interesting mission for planning new leads. It describes the bioactive compounds resulting from natural resources, characterization and pharmacological examination. It emphases on the triumph of these resources in the process of finding and realizing new and effective drug compounds that can be beneficial for human resources. For medicinal devotions and for the progress of pharmaceutical substances, medicinal plants were used such as Physalis angulata L which is a medicinal plant used for numerous therapies including wound healing [1]. Physalis peruviana (golden berry) is an herbaceous annual plants belongs to the family Solanaceae [2]. This plant has a tremendous medicinal value for curing out different diseases: cancer, leukemia, diabetes, ulcers, malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis, rheumatism and several other diseases [3]. The golden berry fruit tastes like a sweet tomato and includes high levels of vitamin C, vitamin A and the vitamin B-complex. The fruit was demonstrated to have both antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties [4,5]. Herbal specialists and local people of several countries have used many extracts of medicinal plants to achieve and treat various diseases comprising wound healing [6]. Physalis with its notable benefits related to high nutrients and bioactive compounds with extraordinary antioxidant activity and other several medicinal properties have been ascribed to these compounds [7,8]. The bioactive compounds are formed as primary and secondary metabolites of the fruits. These compounds are biologically active with cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, fungicidal, insecticidal, tranquilizing, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and contraceptive actions, among others. Such compounds are used for several dedications, such as in medical therapy, to cure diseases, in the cosmetics, and in the food industry as antioxidants or flavorings [9] (Figure 1).
Research of Associated Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Senegal
Authors:   Université Amadou Mahtar MBOW, Dakar, Sénégal/ Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agricoles et de l’alimentation, Sénégal, B Ngom , SF Wade ,   Université Amadou Mahtar MBOW, Dakar, Sénégal/ Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agricoles et de l’alimentation, Sénégal, TA Diop ,   Université Amadou Mahtar MBOW, Dakar, Sénégal/ Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agricoles et de l’alimentation, Sénégal, R Diagne ,   Université Iba Der Thiam, Thiès, Sénégal, AI Sow ,   Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sénégal
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Some strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae produce Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) may be responsible for various infections such as urinary infections. These Sick people are treated in the very serious cases by association antibiotics to class to betalactamins, aminosids and quinolons. But proliferation of multi-drug resistant strains involves decreasing therapeutic success. That’s why epidemiological study must be done in all laboratories of bacteriology. Purpose: The aim of the study was to research the resistance phenotypes of our E. coli and K. pneumoniae ESBL strains compared to others families of antibiotics. Material and methods: Thirty two (32) Extended Spectrum betalactamases E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains isolated from either hospitalized patients or sick people who came for consultation were studied. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined using an antibiotic disk (Bio-Rad) diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (Bio-Rad). The results were interpreted according to the Standards of the French Antibiogram Committee (CA-SFM). Results: The study showed that most of these strains were multi-drug resistant. They were resistant to many beta-lactamines antibiotics. E. coli strains were also resistant at 70,34% to aminosids, at 96,72% to quinolons, at 58,3% to cotrimoxazol, at 26,1% to chloramphénicol and at 21,4% to colistin ; about K. pneumoniae, they were resistant at 72,6% to aminosids, at 88,95% to quinolons, at 86,7% to cotrimoxazol, at 44,4% to chloramphénicol and at 25% to colistin. But all these strains were sensitive at 100% to l’imipenem.
Modern approaches to the treatment of retrosternal goiter
Authors: Grubnik V. V. , Parfentiev R. S. , Kosovan V. M. , Parfentieva N. D.
Published: June 2021

Objective. To analyze the results of treatment of patients with retrosternal goiter.

Materials and methods. During the period from 2010 to 2019, 62 patients with thoracic goiter were operated on, which was 6.2% of all patients operated in relation to goiter. There were 48 women (77.4%) and 14 men (22.6%). Age of patients varied from 21 to 87 years (average age - 47 years). Computed tomography was mandatory in terms of research. The size of the sternal goiter and the degree of operative risk were determined by G. Mercante (2011).

Results. In 39 patients (1st group) the operation was performed by cervicotomy according to standard techniques. Video endoscopic support was used in 23 patients, thanks to which in 15 patients (group 2) it was able to cross all blood vessels with the help of an electro coagulator and isolate nerve structures and parathyroid glands. In 8 patients (group 3) there was a massive bleeding after attempts of finger dissection. They underwent tamponade and temporarily stopped bleeding. After that, a video endoscope was inserted into the wound and hemostasis was performed with the help of an electrocoagulation. Bleeding from the surgical wound, which required revision, was not observed. Temporary tracheostomy in the postoperative period was imposed in 3 patients, later it was closed. Hypocalcemia occurred in 12 (19.3%) patients (in 11 it was transient). Transient paresis of the recurrent nerves was observed in 3 patients of the 1st, 2 of the 2nd and 2 of the 3rd groups. Permanent paresis of the recurrent nerve occurred in only 1 patient of the 3rd group. According to histological examination, 21 patients were diagnosed with cancer (19 - papillary, 2 - follicular). They subsequently underwent standard treatment for highly differentiated thyroid cancer.

Conclusions. The use of cervical access with video endoscopic support during surgery for thoracic goiter avoids performing a sternotomy, reduces blood loss and operational trauma, improves the nerve structures and parathyroid glands identification, and reduces the duration of surgery. The use of modern methods of electrocoagulation significantly expands the capabilities of endoscopic techniques.
Aneurysm of a. gastroduodenalis as a source of gastric hemorrhage
Authors: Sukhodolia A. I. , Sukhodolia S.A. , Gryshchuk O. V. , Mosiichuk V. P. , Tokarchuk V. D.
Published: June 2021

Aneurysm of a. gastroduodenalis as a source of gastric hemorrhage
Educación universitaria virtual: realidad o ficción en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Carrillo Ríos Sandra Lucrecia , Cargua Suarez Salomón Rodrigo , Tigre Ortega Franklin Geovanny , Tubón Nuñez Edith Elena , Tamayo Rodríguez Alicia Paulina
Published: June 2021

La educación superior es uno de los campos donde las nuevas tendencias de la historia de la Humanidad, esa mezcla de esperanzas y duras experiencias, se confrontan, condensan y realizan en desenlaces a veces terribles, a veces auspiciosos, siempre sorprendentes. Es acerca de ella, como esperanza de los pueblos, que se encuentra diversidad de visiones desde siempre o, mejor, desde hace décadas. Una de esas expectativas es la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación, para el cumplimiento de las misiones tradicionales de la Universidad: docencia, investigación y extensión. La pandemia COVID 19 nos ha hecho en ocasiones perder el sentido del tiempo. Por ello, retomar un debate y unas reflexiones que venían desde antes de su declaratoria oficial y la aplicación de las medidas profilácticas, de un día para el otro, nos suenan a discusiones de hace mucho tiempo, como si correspondieran a otra época. La realidad, como siempre, es más complicada. En efecto, la pandemia, desde el punto de vista de muchos pensadores actuales, funcionó como un catalizador, un acelerador de procesos, como en el caso de la extensión y la utilización de esas “prótesis técnicas” de la información y el conocimiento: las computadoras, los teléfonos “inteligentes”, la web con su panoplia de recursos audiovisuales, de almacenamiento global de conocimientos y comunicación universal.
Production status, export analysis, and future prospects of ginger in Nepal
Authors: Joshi Priyanka , Khanal Shovit
Published: June 2021

Ginger is one of the high-value spices crops of Nepal possessing the huge potential of export to the global market. Among Nepal’s natural gifts are agricultural diversity and varied topography making the land suitable for ginger production. The main aim of this study was to scrutinize the current status of ginger production, annual growth rate, its import and export as well as prospects of the Nepali ginger. Fundamentally, secondary data were collected from authentic sources, and then were assembled in Microsoft Excel, and diagrams were generated. ArcGIS software was used to create the map. Findings revealed that the production of ginger is in an increasing trend with an average annual growth rate of 6.67%. Nepal contributed about 9.2% of the global ginger production, despite its small area. Ginger is exported primarily to India because of the lack of an internationally accredited testing laboratory. From this study, it can be concluded that Nepal has comparative advantages in growing ginger, which is noticeable with the geographical features and well-adapted local varieties. The trend of enormous growth in ginger production and its export indicates that ginger production and trade could be a potential enterprise contributing to the national economy. It is recommended to focus on enhancing ginger productivity by providing training and extension services to farmers, subsidies, establishing ginger processing units, easy and reliable certification within the country, and enhancing diplomatic relations for easy market accessibility for strengthening the ginger sub-sector.
Pests, pathogens, pathogenic diseases, and diseases control strategies of sal (Shorea robusta) in Nepal
Authors: Chhetri Vivek Thapa , G.C. Resham , Chaudhary Sanup , Timilsina Sachin , Gautam Subash
Published: June 2021

Sal (Shorea robusta) is one of the most indispensable species in Nepal, both ecologically and economically. This paper aims to provide updated guidance for the management and protection of this species in the future from various pests and pathogens. We reviewed 38 articles from Google Scholar and Research gate with keywords "Shorea robusta”, “Hoplocerambyx spinicornis”, “Polyporus shoreae”, “Heart rot”. S. robusta has the most insect fauna among the forest tree species. Out of the 346 insects reported on S. robusta, around 155 species of insects are associated with living trees. Hoplocerambyx spinicornis is the most destructive insect pest, wreaking havoc on S. robusta. Polyporous shoreae is the main cause of root rot in S. robusta, and spreads through root contact or root grafting. Heart rot in S. robusta is caused by the fungi Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Fomes caryophylli, and F. fastuosus. During the harvesting of S. robusta, the majority of the tree was observed to be faulty, resulting in a large amount of waste wood. The best way to determine the pathogen's "Achilles' heel" is to consider its life cycle. The Nepalese famous saying "prevention is better than cure" may be applicable in the management of S. robusta insect pests and pathogens. The current paper critically addresses these issues and argues the need for an improvised package of activities for insect pests, pathogens, prevention, and their control.
Crop diversity in jhum cultivation: A case study of Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Payum Temin , Tayeng Kaling , Mili Rajiv , Langkam Marina
Published: June 2021

Crop diversity is a source of food, medicines, and fodder; it provides a proximate composition including carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins, fats, essential elements, and nutraceuticals for healthy growth and development of a body.  Jhum cultivation is a source of multiple crops and study on multiple sources of nutrients help in the dept understanding of diet and also framing of food policy; Present work was carried out to study the multiple cropping in Jhum agriculture field of the Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. To fulfill the objectives, field visit, open-end questionnaires and purposive samplings methods were used. A total of forty-three (43) crops were recorded to be cultivated in the Jhum field. Crops varieties of the study site could be classified into leafy vegetable crops, cereal crops, oil crops, pulses, spices crops, fruit crops, medicinal food plants, tuber crops and fiber crops.
Concentration of Thiourea is effective in breaking the dormancy of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties
Authors: Ranabhat Sambat , Dhital Madhav , Adhikari Ansu , Adhikari Binod , Shrestha Saroj
Published: June 2021

Potato germination is highly sensitive to ecological conditions. High altitude and low annual average temperature result in tuber dormancy and poor sprouting. Dormancy has become a significant constraint for lowering potato production, which hinders the possibility of growing two crop cycles per year. An experiment was conducted from February to April 2020. Two major potato varieties (Desiree and Cardinal) were treated with four Thiourea concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%) in a two factorial, completely randomized block design with three replications. Tubers were soaked for 2 hours in different Thiourea solution as per treatments, air dried until excess solution was removed and kept in a dark room on plastic trays. With the progress of experiment dormancy breaking and sprouting parameters like early sprouting, dormancy breaking, sprout length and sprout density were recorded. It was found that Thiourea has a significant effect on all observed attributes as per varieties of potato. For Desiree variety, Thiourea (1%) decreased dormancy period by 22 days compared to control (Desiree*Thiourea 0%) and produced the longest average sprout of 7.36cm at 49 days after treatment (DAT). On the other hand, for the Cardinal variety, Thiourea (3%) decreased tuber dormancy by 27 days compared to control (Cardinal*Thiourea 0%) and produced sprout of 7.75 cm at 49 DAT. In case of sprouts/tuber 1% and 3% Thiourea produced 4.13 and 1.91 sprouts/tubers in Desiree and Cardinal, respectively. The overall mean finding indicate that, 1% and 3% Thiourea concentration was significantly superior for breaking dormancy and enhancing sprouting of potato varieties of Desiree and Cardinal respectively.
Weed control efficacy of combined application of grass pea and mustard crop residues in T. aman rice
Authors: Ashraf Showrav , Sarker Uttam Kumer , Perveen Suriaya , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Azam Shah Golam , Uddin Md. Romij
Published: June 2021

Among different methods of weed control, allelopathy could lead to reduced labor costs and increased efficiency, without any adverse effects on the environment. In this regard, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the allelopathic potential of grass pea and mustard crop residues on weed suppression and crop performance of transplanted aman rice. The experiment consisted of three cultivars of T. aman rice viz., Binadhan-7, BRRI dhan49 and BR11 and five different level of crop residues such as no use of crop residues, grass pea crop residues @ 2.5 t ha-1, mustard crop residues @ 2.5 t ha-1, combined use of grass pea and mustard crop residues @ 1 t ha-1 of each and hand weeding. All crop residues applied in the experiment suppressed weed growth and inhibition at satisfactory level. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Weed population, weed dry weight and percent inhibition of weed were not significantly influenced by the interaction effect of crop residues (grass pea and mustard) and cultivars. BR11 produced the highest grain and straw yield among the treatment combination. The highest numbers of tillers hill-1, numbers of grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield were observed in hand weeding, followed by combined application of grass pea and mustard crop residues @ 1 t ha-1 of each treatment. The highest grain and straw yield (4.81 t ha-1 and 7.65 t ha-1) was observed in hand weeding along with variety BR11 and the second highest (4.19 t ha-1 and 7.36 t ha-1) was obtained from combined use of grass pea and mustard crop residues @ 1 t ha-1 of each. The results of this study indicate that hand weeding followed by combined application of grass pea and mustard crop residues @ 1 t ha-1 of each showed potential activity to suppress weed growth.
Elusive fish catch and vulnerable livelihoods: Status of fishing and fisheries industry among marine south coast communities of Kwale, Kenya
Authors: Nyawade Okinyi B. , Were-Kogogo Pamella , Owiti Phanuel , Osimbo Harriet , Daniel Adero O.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the status in fishing and fisheries industry among marine coastal communities of Kwale along Kenyan coast. In this study, we used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design to examine trends in fish and fisheries resources productivity and diversity and the types of fishing vessels and gears used by fishermen among marine Kwale communities. Quantitative data was collected using household survey questionnaires among fisherfolk households randomly selected from two subcounties in Kwale. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted on purposively sampled respondents to generate qualitative data to corroborate the quantitative survey data. Study established that fishing is still the principal source of livelihood, with 31% of people engaged in fishing as their main source of livelihood and being mainly artisanal fishers. There is a declining trend in fish productivity and diversity during the period 2014 to 2019. Out of all fisherfolks, 96.6% of fishers are commercial artisanal fishermen, selling their fish to different groups. The most preferred fishing vessel is wooden row boats (dhow) at 66.3% preference. There is a general decline in fish productivity within fishing grounds based on catches, indicated by 84.9% of the survey respondents. There is a general decline in fish abundance and diversity among coastal Kwale as indicated by 70.6% of respondents. Eleven (11) types of simple traditional fishing gears were identified, with majority (32%) of fishers preferring handline/hook (Mshipi) as their most preferred type of fishing gear. Destructive fishing gears such as spear guns are still in use despite the government regulations. This study concludes that fishing and fisheries resources among marine communities in Kwale of Kenyan coast is in a general declining trend in terms of productivity, abundance and diversity. This signals excess pressure on fishing resources, requiring immediate effective management strategies to contribute to sustainable marine ecosystems resources utilization. The study recommends enforcement of effective management strategies on fishing and fisheries resources through effective policy formulation and enforcement as well as awareness creation and a mind shift among communities towards alternative livelihood sources to reduce pressure on fish stock.
DESIGNING A MIXER OF PROTEIN, MINERAL AND VITAMIN ADDITIVES
Authors:   Institute for Engineering and Environmental Problems in Agricultural Production (IEEP) – Branch of FSAC VIM, AVAKIMYANTS EVGENIY V. , GORDEEV VLADISLSAV V. ,   Institute for Engineering and Environmental Problems in Agricultural Production (IEEP) – Branch of FSAC VIM
Published: June 2021

To ensure the eff ective use of protein-mineral-vitamin supplements in the diets of dairy cows, a mixer design has been developed for their preliminary mixing before adding to the main mixing process. Based on the structural-morphological analysis, alternative structural elements of the mixer design have been considered and conventional symbols were assigned to them. A morphological matrix of solutions has been compiled to off er a set of alternative options. The mixer drive was chosen by the ability to ensure high speed, rotational speed control, user-friendly operation and cost. The design uses an electromechanical drive combined with a V-belt drive. This solution meets all the specifi ed requirements and allows protecting the drive from possible overloads. The working tool was chosen based on the requirement to contact the material actively throughout the chamber volume and to avoid the formation of stagnant zones. A blade mixer with variable blade positioning was found the most eff ective tool for the high-speed mixing of bulk materials. The designed mixer will be operating at a continuously varying speed in the range from 500 to 1500 min-1. This will off er the advantages of high-speed mixing while reducing the infl uence of negative factors on the fi nal mixture quality. The resulting decision matrix will allow determining the most promising areas for further designing, which makes it possible to improve the quality of the developed technical means.
MILK COOLING UNIT BASED ON THERMOELECTRIC MODULES
Authors:   Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM, KIRSANOV VLADIMIR V. , IVANOV YURI G. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, VERLIKOVA LYUDMILA N. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, KRAVCHENKO VLADIMIR N.
Published: June 2021

The tendency to increase the consumption of personalized nutrition opens up new prospects for the industrial production of milk from an individual cow with preserved useful components inherent in a specifi c animal species, the composition of fat, protein, lactose, and taste. A milking installation is composed of robots for individual milking of cows with automatic control of milk quality indicators. At the same time, milk corresponding to the parameters of high quality enters the thermoelectric plate-type cooler – heater, then into the packing machine, where it is bottled into containers to further proceed to the refrigerator. Thermal modules as a cooling element are chosen due to their high speed and the ability to accurately control the set temperature. At the same time, water is heated through the hot heating system of the thermal module, which is used for the technological needs of the farm. The work aims at developing and justifying the parameters of an energy-saving thermoelectric system for cooling native individual milk from a cow and heating water in milking robots for the production of personalized food products. The authors present a technological line scheme with milk cooling directly during the milking process. Analytical relationships are given for calculating the parameters of a thermoelectric cooling system according to two options – the milk fl ow rate and the parameters of the cyclic supply of one-time equal portions of milk. The proposed technology and method for milk cooling in the fl ow using thermoelectric modules as part of milking robots makes it possible to develop a new technology for the production of high-quality dairy products according to individual orders of consumers.
DESIGN OF ELECTRIC AIR OZONATOR FOR LIVESTOCK KEEPING HOUSES
Authors:   Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin, MANUYLENKO ALEKSANDR N. , VENDIN SERGEY V. ,   Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin
Published: June 2021

One of the most important tasks of animal husbandry is establishing and maintaining normalized microclimate parameters in closed livestock keeping houses: temperature, humidity, speed of air fl ows, illumination, gas composition of air, and suspended dust particles. Failure to comply with established zootechnical and veterinary-sanitary standards in a closed room, (other things being equal) can lead to a decrease in productivity, increased feed consumption per unit of production, the rapid development of pathogenic microbes, and the spread of infections. The design of an electric air ozonizer based on a corona discharge and an air ozonization system is proposed to ensure high-quality air disinfection in livestock keeping houses in accordance with sanitary standards. A distinctive novelty of the proposed design is the emitter module, made as a ceramic base, on which tungsten electrodes are fi xed in the form of a grid with a honeycomb cell. The advantages of the proposed design of an electric air ozonizer include the reliability of operation due to shutdown in case of an emergency, protection against overheating and critical concentration of ozone inside the room in one place due to a weather vane, ozone and temperature sensors, and a central control unit. The proposed design of the electric ozonation system will increase the effi ciency of disinfection and disinsection of air in industrial livestock buildings, and will also ensure a more uniform concentration of ozone throughout the room volume due to the location of ozonizers and their improved operation of the emitter in terms of performance and uniformity. Preliminary evaluative experimental studies to test the performance of the proposed electric air ozonator in a livestock keeping house with an area of 1600 m2 have shown that its design reduces the amount of microfl ora in the air from 27520 to 240 colonies/m3, while increasing ozone concentration to 0.035 mg/m3, as well as reduces the content of harmful gas impurities of hydrogen sulfi de from 0.16 to 0.0003 mg/l; ammonia – from 0.13 to 0.05 mg / l; carbon dioxide – from 10 to 0.2 mg/l.
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent hospital admission and death at different time intervals since first dose of COVID-19 vaccine administration, Italy, 27 December 2020 to mid-April 2021
Authors: Mateo-Urdiales Alberto , Spila Alegiani Stefania , Fabiani Massimo , Pezzotti Patrizio , Filia Antonietta , Massari Marco , Riccardo Flavia , Tallon Marco , Proietti Valeria , Del Manso Martina , Puopolo Maria , Spuri Matteo , Morciano Cristina , D’Ancona Fortunato (Paolo) , Da Cas Roberto , Battilomo Serena , Bella Antonino , Menniti-Ippolito Francesca ,   on behalf of the Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group,   on behalf of the Italian COVID-19 vaccines registry
Published: June 2021

To assess the real-world impact of vaccines on COVID-19 related outcomes, we analysed data from over 7 million recipients of at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose in Italy. Taking 0–14 days post-first dose as reference, the SARS-CoV-2 infection risk subsequently decreased, reaching a reduction by 78% (incidence rate ratios (IRR): 0.22; 95% CI: 0.21–0.24) 43–49 days post-first dose. Similarly, hospitalisation and death risks decreased, with 89% (IRR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.09–0.15) and 93% (IRR: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.04–0.11) reductions 36–42 days post-first dose. Our results support ongoing vaccination campaigns.
ESTIMATION OF THE OPTIMUM SIZE OF PLOTS FOR SOYBEAN RADIOMETER EXPERIMENTS
Authors: MICHELS Roger Nabeyama , CANTERI Marcelo Giovanetti , AGUIAR E SILVA Marcelo Augusto de , BERTOZZI Janksyn , DAL BOSCO Tatiane Cristina
Published: June 2021

The lack of error of experimental planning in agricultural field studies can result in rework, causing the waste of financial resources. The determination of the optimal size of the experimental plot for carrying out the treatments can minimize these problems. The objective of this paper was to estimate the optimal plot size for measuring reflectance in soybeans, without treatment, using the modified maximum curvature method and the maximum distance method. Reflectance readings were taken in the soybean crop with the aid of the GreenSeeker® equipment, in basic experimental units of 0.45 m², in an area of 7 lines and 8 meters in length. The data were collected in three phenological stages of soy (R4, R5.5 and R6), obtaining 63 simulations of experimental area in each stage. Based on the results, it is recommended to use plots of 7.20 m², with grouping of 4 lines of 4 m in length.
Educational potential of the book
by A. A. Magometov “They fought for the Motherland” (Vladikavkaz, 2020, 438 p.)
Authors: Takhokhov Boris A.
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study is caused by the need for moral and patriotic education of students, who, in the process of revising the value orientations and ideological foundations characteristic of modern society, at the time of active socialization, experience a certain confusion and spiritual and moral uncertainty.
In the modern world, under the influence of global ideological and cultural transformations, young people, as more amenable to the slogan of “bread and circuses”, are alienated from the traditional values of humanism, patriotism, citizenship, and the history of their people, becoming “Ivans who do not remember their kinship”. In these conditions, the appeal to the heroic pages of their people, acquaintance with the biographies of the participants of the Great Patriotic War-students and teachers of the North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov, should be recognized as an effective form of moral and patriotic education of student youth.
The purpose of the work is to substantiate the methods, forms and technologies of spiritual, moral, patriotic and multicultural education of students based on the material of the book by A. A. Magometov “They fought for the Motherland».
The methodological basis of the research consists of the theories and practices of spiritual, moral and patriotic education of students, axiological and activity approaches that consider the dominant values of the individual as the activity basis of its socialization, cultural approach that combines the cultures of different peoples into a single cultural palette, the theory of internal and basic culture of the individual and the concept of the development of multicultural education.
The research methods used are theoretical (study, comparison and analysis), empirical: observation, study of the experience of patriotic education, psychological diagnosis, systematization of the results obtained.
The Czechoslovak national tragedy of the 1938 year
Authors: Mirzoeva Svetlana G. , Apazheva Elena Kh. , Lavrova Natalya S.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the problem of the internal situation in Czechoslovakia, its political and economic development in the specified period. Particular attention is paid to the efforts of Czechoslovakia aimed at preventing the division of the country. The leadership of Czechoslovakia entered into international treaties, strengthened the state’s defenses, and modernized the army.
The article also touches upon the international relations of Germany, Great Britain, France, Italy on the further fate of Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 30s. XX century.
The leadership of Czechoslovakia and its president Edvard Beneš felt the threat looming over the country from Germany, so they took certain steps to preserve the integrity of the Czechoslovak republic.
The reform of the army began in the country, it was modernized, equipped with new equipment, weapons, aviation. A new line of fortifications was built along the borders.
The diplomatic department of Czechoslovakia was also not idle. Consultations were constantly held with the USSR, Great Britain, France and Germany on the issue of preserving the country’s sovereignty, international treaties were concluded on assistance in the event of an attack by a third party.
But, despite all these efforts, at the end of September 1938, Czechoslovakia was divided by force, the Sudetenland was torn away from it, fascist troops were brought into the country, and the leaders of the state were leaders of the fascist party. All these changes were enshrined in an international treaty - the Munich Agreement. Germany, Italy, France and Great Britain took part in its signing. Representatives of the Czechoslovak Republic were not even invited to the conference. The Czechoslovak side was familiarized with the terms of the agreement only after their adoption. Czechoslovakia could not in any way influence the decisions of Hitler, Mussolini, Deladier and Chamberlain.
As a result, throughout the Second World War, Czechoslovakia existed as two separate parts: the Protecto-rate of Bohemia and Moravia and the Slovak Republic.
Social policy and constitutional legislation: comparative legal research experience
Authors: Lotorev Evgeniy
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the issues that arise in the process of attempts to build a welfare state; the current situation in the Russian Federation at the present stage of the development of statehood and social phenomena, as well as the difficulties that arise in the regulatory regulation of these groups of public relations. In this regard, this article is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the issues of the formation of the social state that arise when trying to resolve them by the national legislator. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a comparative legal analysis of the European and domestic experience of building a social security system and the impact of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights on it. The article summarizes the problematic issues related to the search for the optimal domestic model of social security, as well as the doctrinal approach to the topic under consideration.
The development and use of autonomous weapons systems regulations in armed conflicts by the international humanitarian law
Authors: Sinyaeva Natella
Published: June 2021

The article examines the issues of possible control, from the standpoint of international humanitarian law, at the stage of developing autonomous weapons systems. The author notes that the development of autonomous weapons systems raises serious social and ethical concerns. He considers the existing norms and principles of international humanitarian law applying to control the development and use of such systems. The author considers autonomous weapons systems from the perspective of the distinction between civilians (civilian targets) and combatants (military objects), that means precautions in attack and proportionality.
Criminal measures impact against legal entities
Authors: Toktomatov Altynbek
Published: June 2021

The article examines the institution of compulsory measures of criminal law against legal entities introduced in the Kyrgyz Republic. Some arguments of supporters and opponents of the introduction of this institution in Russia are presented. The procedure for bringing legal entities to administrative responsibility is subjected to comparative legal analysis.
Questions of the effectiveness of the victim’s participation in the criminal proceedings of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Khalilov Jabir , Kafarova Nargiz
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the criminal procedure status of the victim on the basis of the current legislation. A number of proposals are put forward to improve the legislation to ensure the effectiveness of the victim’s participation in the criminal process. The article analyzes a number of specific legal shortcomings that reflect the procedural situation of the victim, and indicates ways to solve them. At the same time, proposals are put forward for more effective protection of the legitimate interests of the victim both during the preliminary investigation and during the trial. For example, in order to speed up the participation of the victim in the criminal process, it is proposed to include a rule that from the moment of initiation of a criminal case, the issue of recognizing the person as a victim must be resolved within 10 days. The article then discusses the victim’s right to compensation, the right to mandatory familiarization with the materials of the criminal case, and the shortcomings of the norms that reflect the legal status of the victim as a participant in the prosecution.
Liberation from the occupation of the territories of the Karabakh region of the Republic of Azerbaijan is an honorable period of our history
Authors: Hajiyeva Dilara
Published: June 2021

The Armenian emigrated to the Caucasus in XIX century always made unreasonable territorial claims and provoked conflicts in the region. Investigations based on the facts and arguments make it possible to determine specific features of some problems and processes and understand the essence. Unreasonable territory claims by Armenia caused the loss of 20% of Azerbaijan territory and the war with Azerbaijan in 90`s of last century.
Azerbaijan army freed its territory occupated by Armenia despite of Armenian`s new territory claims and millitary retreats.
Condiciones y posibilidades para las industrias derivadas de la vitivinicultura, Mendoza (Argentina, 1930-1942): la elaboración de alcohol vínico
Authors: Rodríguez Vázquez Florencia
Published: June 2021

Durante los críticos años ’30, la vitivinicultura fue objeto de una mayor regulación estatal. En ese marco, la formación de zonas alcoholeras adquirió relevancia, en tanto que su producción permitiría descomprimir el stock de las bodegas-alcoholeras, a través de la participación de grupos económicos extraprovinciales, y podría romper con la destilación clandestina en bodegas y el consecuente “estiramiento” de los caldos, cuyo control había resultado casi imposible no solo para el Estado provincial sino también para la Administración de Impuestos Internos. Se identifican, así, otras aristas de un pretendido estado regulador, cuya función se alternó con la promoción industrial, en una obvia correlación de los gobiernos de Mendoza con las políticas de ISI y fortalecimiento del mercado interno.
Preferensi Publik terhadap Wakaf Uang di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Adisti Adila
Published: June 2021

Cash waqf can be a solution in optimizing the potential of land waqf asset in Indonesia, in order to reach economic empowerment. In Indonesia, cash waqf had a great potential reaching 180 trillion rupiah, however the money acquired on 2019 only reached 400 billion rupiah. Several factors caused the low rate of accumulation of cash waqf, namely religiousity, cash waqf literacy, waqf inclusion, and waqf institution management. This study aims to find out public preference toward cash waqf specifically in West Sumatera Province. The analytical method used is PLS-SEM qualitative analysis using SmartPLS 3.9.2 as a tool. Purposive sampling technique was used to assign 175 respondents. Results showed that there are positive and significant relationship between cash waqf literacy, waqf inclusion and waqf institution management variables with the public preference towards cash waqf. Whereas religiousity factor had positive but insignificant effect to the public preference of cash waqf.