bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental mixtures of superparamagnetic and single‐domain magnetite with respect to Day‐Dunlop plots
Authors: Kumari Monika , Hirt Ann M. , Uebe Rene , Schüler Dirk , Tompa Éva , Pósfai Mihály , Lorenz Wolfram , Ahrentorp Fredrik , Jonasson Christian , Johansson Christer
Published: May 2015

Day‐Dunlop plots are widely used in paleomagnetic and environmental studies as a tool to determine the magnetic domain state of magnetite, i.e., superparamagnetic (SP), stable single‐domain (SD), pseudosingle‐domain (PSD), multidomain (MD), and their mixtures. The few experimental studies that have examined hysteresis properties of SD‐SP mixtures of magnetite found that the ratios of saturation remanent magnetization to saturation magnetization and the coercivity of remanence to coercivity are low, when compared to expected theoretical mixing trends based on Langevin theory. This study reexamines Day‐Dunlop plots using experimentally controlled mixtures of SD and SP magnetite grains. End‐members include magnetotactic bacteria (MSR‐1) as the SD source, and a commercial ferrofluid or magnetotactic bacteria (ΔA12) as the SP source. Each SP‐component was added incrementally to a SD sample. Experimental results from these mixing series show that the magnetization and coercivity ratios are lower than the theoretical prediction for bulk SP magnetic size. Although steric repulsion was present between the particles, we cannot rule out interaction in the ferrofluid for higher concentrations. The SP bacteria are noninteracting as the magnetite was enclosed by an organic bilipid membrane. Our results demonstrate that the magnetization and coercivity ratios of SD‐SP mixtures can lie in the PSD range, and that an unambiguous interpretation of particle size can only be made with information about the magnetic properties of the end‐members.
Geochemical heterogeneities in magma beneath Mount Etna recorded by 2001–2006 melt inclusions
Authors: Schiavi Federica , Rosciglione Alberto , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Kobayashi Katsura , Nakamura Eizo , Nuccio Pasquale Mario , Ottolini Luisa , Paonita Antonio , Vannucci Riccardo
Published: May 2015

We present a geochemical study on olivine and clinopyroxene‐hosted melt inclusions (MIs) from 2001 to 2006 Etna basaltic lavas and pyroclastites. Three MI suites are distinguished on the basis of trace element fingerprinting. Type‐1 MIs (from 2001 Upper South and 2002 Northeast vents) share their trace element signature with low‐K lavas erupted before 1971. Critical trace element ratios (e.g., K/La, Ba/Nb), along with Pb isotope data of Type‐1 MIs provide evidence for a heterogeneous mantle source resulting from mixing of three end‐members with geochemical and isotopic characteristics of EM2, DMM, and HIMU components. Type‐1 MIs composition does not support involvement of subduction‐related components. Type‐2 (from 2001 Lower and 2002 South vents) and Type‐3 (2004 eruption) MIs reveal “ghost plagioclase signatures,” namely lower concentrations in strongly incompatible elements, and positive Sr, Ba, and Eu anomalies. Both Type‐1 and Type‐2 MIs occur in 2006 olivines, which highlight the occurrence of mixing between Type‐1 and Type‐2 end‐members. Type‐2/Type‐3 MIs testify to en route processes (plagioclase assimilation and volatile fluxing) peculiar for “deep dike fed” eruptions. The latter are strongly controlled by tectonics or flank instability that occasionally promote upraise of undegassed, more radiogenic primitive magma, which may interact with plagioclase‐rich crystal mush/cumulates before erupting. Type‐2/Type‐3 MIs approach the less radiogenic Pb isotopic composition of plagioclase from prehistoric lavas, thus suggesting geochemical overprinting of present‐day melts by older products released from distinct mantle sources. Our study emphasizes that MIs microanalysis offers new insights on both source characteristics and en route processes, allowing to a link between melt composition and magma dynamics.
Observations of magnetospheric high‐m poloidal waves by ST‐5 satellites in low Earth orbit during geomagnetically quiet times
Authors: Chi P. J. , Le G.
Published: May 2015

The poloidal waves with large azimuthal wave numbers (m) in the magnetosphere are known to be generated by drift or drift‐bounce resonance with energetic ring current particles, and these waves may play a role in modulating the energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere. When examining the magnetic field data collected by the NASA Space Technology 5 (ST‐5) satellites in the low Earth orbit, Le et al. (2011) discovered many wave events with frequencies of 30–200 mHz (in the Pc2 and Pc3 bands), and they proposed that these waves should, in fact, be Doppler‐shifted high‐m poloidal waves in the magnetosphere with frequencies at only a few millihertz (in the Pc5 band). Using a new method that examines the differences in wave phase detected by the three ST‐5 satellites, we confirm that the frequencies in the Earth frame for the poloidal waves observed are mainly between 3 and 5 mHz. Not only were poloidal waves observed frequently by ST‐5 in the dayside magnetosphere but they were also occasionally seen in the nightside when the satellites passed through the same L shells. In each wave event, the azimuthal wave number may change with L, but the wave frequency in the Earth frame remains the same. We also find that poloidal waves can last more than 9 h during geomagnetically quiet conditions, suggesting that even a very weak ring current can supply enough energetic particles to excite poloidal waves.
Distinct Substrate Effect on the Reversibility of the Metal–Insulator Transitions in Electrolyte‐Gated VO2 Thin Films
Authors: Nakano Masaki , Okuyama Daisuke , Shibuya Keisuke , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Ohsumi Hiroyuki , Yoshida Masaro , Takata Masaki , Kawasaki Masashi , Tokura Yoshinori , Arima Takahisa , Iwasa Yoshihiro
Published: May 2015

Electrolyte gating on correlated VO2 thin films enables electrical control of the “bulk” electronic and structural phases over the electrostatic screening length. Although this unique functionality potentially provides novel electronic and optoelectronic device applications, there are intense discussions on the mechanism of the device operation both from electrostatic and electrochemical viewpoints. Here it is shown that the reversibility of the device operation strongly depends on substrates, suggesting that a governing mechanism might differ depending on substrates. Electrolyte gating on VO2 films grown on lattice‐matched TiO2 substrates shows reversible gating effects, whereas that on hexagonal Al2O3 substrates become irreversible, although in both cases metallic states can be induced electrically. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy measurements on irreversibly gated VO2/Al2O3 reveal permanent reduction of the valence state of vanadium upon gate‐induced metallization, presumably originating from irreversible electrochemical doping under the presence of the extremely large electric field created at an electrolyte/VO2 interface. Our findings suggest essential importance of the film quality for future fundamental researches as well as for practical device applications based on electrolyte‐gated devices.
Impact: Development of a Radiological Mummy Database
Authors: Nelson Andrew John , Wade Andrew David
Published: May 2015

The Internet Mummy Picture Archiving and Communication Technology (IMPACT) radiological and context database, is a large‐scale, multi‐institutional, collaborative research project devoted to the digital preservation and scientific study of mummified remains, and the mummification traditions that produced them, using non‐destructive medical imaging technologies. Owing to the importance of non‐destructive analyses to the study of mummified human remains, the IMPACT database, website, and wiki provide a basis for anthropological and palaeopathological investigations, grounded in the most current technological imaging and communication standards, accessible through any internet connection, and protected against rapidly changing media standards. Composed of paired online radiographic and contextual databases, the IMPACT project is intended to provide researchers with large‐scale primary data samples for anthropological and palaeopathological investigations. IMPACT addresses the limitations of the case‐study approach to mummified human remains and contributes to the development of standards of practice in imaging of mummified remains. Furthermore, IMPACT allows researchers a greater appreciation of, and engagement with, patterns of health and disease in ancient times as well as the variability present in the mummification traditions of ancient Egypt and other cultures that sought to preserve their dead for eternity. Anat Rec, 298:941–948, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Paleoradiology of the Savoca Mummies, Sicily, Italy (18th–19th Centuries AD)
Authors: Piombino‐Mascali Dario , Jankauskas Rimantas , Zink Albert R. , Sergio Todesco M. , Aufderheide Arthur C. , Panzer Stephanie
Published: May 2015

Mummified remains have been successfully studied radiologically since the end of the 19th century, giving rise to a specific field of research—paleoradiology. In this paper, we present the results of the first radiological investigation of a collection of Sicilian mummies found in a subterranean chamber beneath the Capuchin Church of Savoca. The chamber contains a number of preserved bodies, either held in special niches in the walls or interred within coffins. A recent detailed radiological examination of these mummies allowed the authors to determine information relating to the funerary treatment and some of the pathological alterations witnessed in the remains. Specifically, evidence of gout and DISH was identified, along with frequent degenerative joint disease, suggestive of rich dietary habits and a longer life expectancy. These findings were interpreted in the light of historical information and the social status of the subjects concerned. Anat Rec, 298:988–1000, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forensic Palynological Analysis of Intestinal Contents of a Korean Mummy
Authors: Arguelles Paulette , Reinhard Karl , Shin Dong Hoon
Published: May 2015

Experimental studies show that pollen resides in the intestinal tract for a minimum of seven days to at least 21 days. Because of this long residence time, pollen analysis is an important avenue of forensic research. Pollen provides evidence of the environment of the decedent as well as foods and medicine. We analyzed a coprolite recovered from a Korean mummy. The decedent was a high‐ranking general who lived during the 16th or17th centuries. Twenty pollen types were recovered. These ranged from 100s to 10,000s of pollen grains per gram of coprolite. Importantly, comparison of the coprolite pollen spectrum to modern aeropalynology studies of Korea suggests that the general died in winter between middle November to late February. Economic pollen types were most abundant. Economic refers to dietary, medicinal, spice, and beverage types. Dietary pollen types include pollen from Oryza (rice), Eriogonum (buckwheat), Brassicaceae (mustard family), and Solanaceae (tomato‐chile pepper family). Pollen consistent with dandelion is present and may represent its use as food. Tens of thousands of grains from water plants, bur‐reed or cattail, dominate the pollen spectrum. We believe that this was introduced with water. The large numbers of water‐related pollen suggest that the general consumed broth, tea, or soup for a considerable time before death. Anat Rec, 298:1182–1190, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CT‐Based Assessment of Relative Soft‐Tissue Alteration in Different Types of Ancient Mummies
Authors: Sydler Christina , Öhrström Lena , Rosendahl Wilfried , Woitek Ulrich , Rühli Frank
Published: May 2015

Mummification leads to alteration of soft‐tissue morphology. No research has focused specifically on differences in soft‐tissue shrinkage depending on mummification type. This study evaluated whether soft‐tissue alteration is dependent on type of mummification. A total of 17 human mummies have been investigated by computed tomography (CT). Samples included artificially embalmed ancient Egyptian mummies, naturally mummified South American corpses, ice mummies (including the Iceman, South Tyrol Museum of Archeology, Bolzano, Italy, ca. 3,300 BC), bog bodies and a desiccated mummy of possibly Asian provenance. The acquired data were compared to four contemporary bodies. The extent of soft‐tissue shrinkage was evaluated using CT data. Shrinkage was defined as soft‐tissue relative to area of bone (in number of voxels). Measurements were taken at 13 anatomically defined locations. Ice mummies show the highest degree of preservation. This finding is most likely explained due to frozen water within tissues. All other types of mummies show significantly (at P < 0.05) smaller relative area of preserved soft‐tissue. Variation between different anatomical structures (e.g., upper lip vs. mid‐femur) is significant, unlike variation within one compartment (e.g., proximal vs. distal humerus). Mummification type strongly affects the degree of soft‐tissue alteration, surprisingly mostly independent of overall historical age. These results highlight the unique morphological impact of taphonomy on soft‐tissue preservation and are of particular interest in tissue research as well as in forensics. Anat Rec, 298:1162–1174, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application and Limitations of Endoscopy in Anthropological and Archaeological Research
Authors: Beckett Ronald G.
Published: May 2015

The use of endoscopy in anthropological and archaeological research was been well documented in the literature. This article explores the varied settings in which endoscopy is beneficial in gathering visual data for interpretation related to cultural remains and artifacts. Endoscopic data may be used to assist in the pursuit of answering such bioanthropological questions as sex, age at death, presence of paleopathologies, dental conditions, and cultural practices. Endoscopy is often used to guide and document biopsy procedures as well as the retrieval of artifacts from within poorly accessible locations such as body cavities, coffins, or tombs. In addition, endoscopic data is used to examine such archaeological features as tomb structure and design. A contrast between the medical and anthropological approach is described. Endoscopic research is enhanced when applied in conjunction with additional varied imaging modalities. While invasive, endoscopy is a nondestructive methodological approach. As with all methods, endoscopy has application and interpretational limitations, which can be described as limitations resulting from instrumentation, and those arising from personnel less familiar with the various approaches to endoscopy in both field and laboratory settings. Anat Rec, 298:1125–1134, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Short Review: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ancient Mummies
Authors: Rühli Frank J.
Published: May 2015

Noninvasive imaging of ancient tissues is of increasing interest in palaeopathological studies, with conventional X‐ray and computed tomography currently considered the diagnostic gold standard. Convenitional X‐ray has a long tradition, yet imaging of ancient mummies using conventional X‐ray technique has its drawbacks too. Until recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of soft tissues was successful with ancient dry tissues only after morphology‐altering rehydration. This process was deemed necessary due to the previous reported lack of unbound protons. Hitherto, any approach without rehydration of the historic samples failed. Yet, the successful application of novel MRI techniques allows broadening of the methodological spectrum of methods for noninvasive studies on ancient corpses, whether they have wet or dry soft tissue, or bone. Spatial discrimination of chemical elements can now be carried out with high sensitivity in any historic specimen, leading to an increased level of diagnostic evidence. Anat Rec, 298:1111–1115, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Performance Limitation of Networked Systems with Network‐Induced Delay and Packet‐Dropout Constraints
Authors: Zhan Xi‐Sheng , Li Tao , Guan Zhi‐Hong , Jiang Tao , Zhang Xian‐He
Published: May 2015

In this paper, we deeply investigate the tracking performance limitation of single‐input single‐output (SISO) networked systems with packet dropouts and network‐induced delay constrains, where the power of the tracking error is adopted to measure of the performance and is minimized by searching through all stabilizing one‐parameter controllers, with/without considering the channel input power. Moreover, the explicit expressions of the tracking performance limitation are obtained by applying the spectral factorization technique. Theoretical analysis shows that the tracking performance limitation is closely dependent on non‐minimum phase zeros, unstable poles of a given plant, the characteristics of the reference signals, network‐induced delay and packet dropouts probability of communication channel. Finally, some typical examples and simulations are conducted to illustrate the theoretical results.
Stabilizing Vehicle Lateral Dynamics with Considerations of State Delay of AFS for Electric Vehicles via Robust Gain‐Scheduling Control
Authors: Jin XianJian , Yin Guodong , Li Yanjun , Li Jianqiu
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a robust gain‐scheduled H∞ controller to improve lateral stability and handling of four‐wheel‐independent‐drive electric vehicles possessing active front steering system with considerations of state delay. The time delay for the state is assumed as uncertain time‐invariant but has a known constant bound. By considering the tyre cornering stiffness represented by the norm‐bounded uncertainty and the time‐varying longitudinal velocity described by a polytope with finite vertices, and the vehicle lateral dynamics model is converted into the uncertain vehicle linear parameter‐varying (LPV) state‐delayed system. The resulting delay‐dependent robust gain‐scheduling state feedback H∞ controller is finally designed utilizing the constructed Lyapunov‐Krakovskii functional, and solved via a set of delay‐dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Simulations for various driving scenarios are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK‐CARSIM. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
State Feedback Stabilization Over Finite‐State Fading Channels
Authors: Xiao Nan , Niu Yugang , Xie Lihua
Published: May 2015

This paper studies state feedback stabilization over finite‐state fading channels, where the stochastic characteristic of time‐varying fading channels is assumed to be driven by a finite‐state random process. The finite‐state process is used to represent different channel fading amplitudes and/or to model different configurations of the overall physical environment. A series of necessary and sufficient conditions are given for stabilization over finite‐state Markov fading channels. In the case of finite‐state independent and identially distributed fading channels, explicit network requirements for stabilization are presented for both single‐input case and multi‐input case. It is shown that our results cover some existing results as special cases. Finally, the results are applied to stabilization of a single‐input plant over a Gilbert‐Elliott channel demonstrated by numerical simulations.
Secondary anchor targeted cell release
Authors: Ansari Ali , Lee‐Montiel Felipe T. , Amos Jennifer R. , Imoukhuede P. I.
Published: May 2015

Personalized medicine offers the promise of tailoring therapy to patients, based on their cellular biomarkers. To achieve this goal, cellular profiling systems are needed that can quickly and efficiently isolate specific cell types without disrupting cellular biomarkers. Here we describe the development of a unique platform that facilitates gentle cell capture via a secondary, surface‐anchoring moiety, and cell release. The cellular capture system consists of a glass surface functionalized with APTES, d‐desthiobiotin, and streptavidin. Biotinylated mCD11b and hIgG antibodies are used to capture mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) and human breast cancer (MCF7‐GFP) cell lines, respectively. The surface functionalization is optimized by altering assay components, such as streptavidin, d‐desthiobiotin, and APTES, to achieve cell capture on 80% of the functionalized surface and cell release upon biotin treatment. We also demonstrate an ability to capture 50% of target cells within a dual‐cell mixture. This engineering advancement is a critical step towards achieving cell isolation platforms for personalized medicine. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2214–2227. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isolation of oxidative degradation products of atorvastatin with supercritical fluid chromatography
Authors: Klobčar Slavko , Prosen Helena
Published: May 2015

The isolation of four oxidative degradation products of atorvastatin using preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography applying at least two chromatographic steps is known from the literature. In this paper it is shown that the same four impurities could be isolated from similarly prepared mixtures in only one step using supercritical fluid chromatography. The methods for separation were developed and optimized. The preparation of the mixtures was altered in such a way as to enhance the concentration of desired impurities. Appropriate solvents were applied for collection of separated impurities in order to prevent degradation. The structures of the isolated impurities were confirmed and their purity determined. The preparative supercritical fluid chromatography has proven to be superior to preparative HPLC regarding achieved purity of standards applying fewer chromatographic as well as isolation steps. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improve threat assessment procedures with Secret Service, FBI strategies
Authors: Bennett Laura
Published: May 2015

Colleges and universities can learn a lot from the U.S. government when it comes to campus threat assessment and violence prevention. From the 1990s Secret Service study of attacks on public officials to the most recent FBI study of active‐shooter incidents, the findings have implications for behavioral intervention and campus incident response.
Review DOJ statistics about campus law enforcement
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: May 2015

A statistical overview of campus law enforcement could help you benchmark your unit's practices. The U.S. Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Statistics has released a report that provides statistics that describe law enforcement during the 2011–12 academic year at the more than 900 U.S. four‐year colleges and universities with 2,500 or more students.
Effective radiation dose in coronary imaging modalities
Authors: Deshmukh Prajwal , Levy Michael S.
Published: May 2015

This study demonstrated that in a single center experience, effective radiation dose received by patients is higher when the combination of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging were used together, than when a combination of a non‐invasive modality was coupled with an invasive modality (coronary angiography ± FFR).

Although significant improvements in non‐invasive imaging have emerged to help further risk stratify patients with coronary artery disease, coronary angiography remains a powerful tool, and still appears to deliver a lower effective radiation dose when used to risk stratify patients appropriately.

Further studies in dose reduction with nuclear imaging, coronary CTA, and virtual FFR are needed to reduce the dose of radiation and improve the diagnostic power of non‐invasive imaging.
Metal allergy to everolimus‐eluting cobalt chromium stents confirmed by positive skin testing as a cause of recurrent multivessel in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Nakajima Yoshifumi , Itoh Tomonori , Morino Yoshihiro
Published: May 2015

A 54‐year‐old woman treated with cobalt‐chromium everolimus eluting stents (CoCr‐EES) for her left distal circumflex and diagonal branch lesions suffered from repeated in‐stent restenosis in both lesions. Neointimal proliferation occurred rapidly and almost simultaneously in the two lesions. The cause was established to be metal allergy, as determined by patch tests which were strongly positive for bare metal stents and weakly positive for CoCr‐EES. Following the third successive angioplasty, we initiated treatment with prednisolone (30 mg daily) and the anti‐allergic and anti‐proliferative drug tranilast (300 mg daily). An elective angiogram performed 3 months later showed no evidence of in‐stent restenosis in any of the stented lesions. Furthermore, the patient has remained angina‐free for 15 months. The unique features of this case include: (1) near‐simultaneous repeated multivessel in‐stent restenosis in a patient with skin test‐documented metal allergy to cobalt‐chromium stents; (2) adjunctive systemic medical therapy with prednisolone and tranilast appeared to terminate the malignant restenotic cycle. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel method to bail out coronary perforation: Micro‐catheter distal perfusion technique
Authors: Ishihara Shozo , Tabata Shiro , Inoue Takehiro
Published: May 2015

Coronary perforation is a rare, but life‐threatening complication during percutaneous coronary intervention. Prolonged balloon inflation is one option for achieving hemostasis, but it often causes ST elevation, chest pain, decreased blood pressure, or fatal arrhythmia due to ischemia. We present the case of a 73‐year‐old woman who suffered severe coronary perforation after stent implantation and post‐dilatation. To allow prolonged balloon inflation without ischemia, we perfused the distal area with the patient's own arterial blood injected via micro‐catheter. With this method, we could prolong balloon inflation for 20 min, successfully achieving hemostasis. This novel technique, which we named the “distal perfusion technique,” is useful to minimize ischemia during prolonged balloon inflation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of New R2TAl4Ge2 (R: Y, Gd—Er, T: Fe, Co) Quaternary Compounds and Magnetic Properties of Gd2TAl4Ge2.
Authors: He Wei , Zeng Weijing , Yang Tonghan , Lin Guoqiang
Published: May 2015

Title compounds are prepared by arc‐melting of the elements under Ar atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhombohedral Prussian White as Cathode for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Lu Yuhao , et al.
Published: May 2015

The novel air‐stable compound Na1.92Fe[Fe(CN)6] with rhombohedral structure is prepared by reaction of aqueous Na4Fe(CN)6 and ascorbic acid (autoclave, pH 6.5, 140 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Modularly Evolved 2‐AminoDMAP/Squaramides as Highly Active Bifunctional Organocatalysts in Michael Addition.
Authors: Isik Murat , Unver M. Yagiz , Tanyeli Cihangir
Published: May 2015

A novel chiral DMAP‐squaramide catalyst is prepared and successfully applied in the synthesis of Michael adducts such as (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Oxidative Gold Catalysis Enabled by a Designed Chiral P,N‐Bidentate Ligand.
Authors: Ji Kegong , Zheng Zhitong , Wang Zhixun , Zhang Liming
Published: May 2015

A novel chiral P,N‐bidentate ligand (AUC) is utilized for the enantioselective reaction of in situ generated α‐oxo gold carbene intermediates to undergo asymmetric intramolecular cyclopropanation.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Flow Oxidation of Alcohols in Water Catalyzed by Platinum Nanoparticles Dispersed in an Amphiphilic Polymer.
Authors: Osako Takao , Torii Kaoru , Uozumi Yasuhiro
Published: May 2015

The applied aerobic flow oxidation system provides a safe, clean, green and efficient practical method for oxidizing alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Oxidation of Allylic Amides to Protected β‐Amino Aldehydes.
Authors: Dong Jia Jia , Harvey Emma C. , Fananas‐Mastral Martin , Browne Wesley R. , Feringa Ben L.
Published: May 2015

The preparation of N‐protected β‐amino aldehydes is achieved with excellent selectivity for the anti‐Markovnikov aldehyde products and full retention of the configuration at the allylic carbon.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium Catalyzed Carbocyclizations: Efficient (5 + 2) Cycloadditions of Vinylcyclopropanes and Alkynes.
Authors: Melcher Michaela‐Christina , von Wachenfeldt Henrik , Sundin Anders , Strand Daniel
Published: May 2015

The first examples of iridium‐catalyzed inter‐ and intramolecular vinylcyclopropane—alkyne (5+2) cycloadditions are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct ortho‐Acylation of Azoxybenzenes with Aldehydes via Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Yi Meiling , Cui Xiuling , Zhu Chongwei , Pi Chao , Zhu Weimin , Wu Yangjie
Published: May 2015

This facile protocol allows the direct ortho‐acylation of azoxybenzenes with good tolerance for a variety of functional groups in both reaction partners.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Additive‐Free Trifluoromethylation of Aromatic Aldehydes with TMSCF3.
Authors: Sun Jing , Peng Xinhua , Guo Hao
Published: May 2015

Photoirradiation not only causes the initial C—Si bond homolytic cleavage of Tms—CF3 to furnish the reactive species, but also results in the O—Si bond cleavage of the initially formed silyl ether to afford the final alcohol.
ChemInform Abstract: Propargylation of Aldehydes Using Potassium Allenyltrifluoroborate.
Authors: Couto Tulio R. , Freitas Jucleiton J. R. , Freitas Juliano C. R. , Cavalcanti Italo H. , Menezes Paulo H. , Oliveira Roberta A.
Published: May 2015

A novel protocol for the fast and simple propargylation of aldehydes with potassium allenyltrifluoroborate furnishes products in high yields and purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free, [Et3NH][HSO4] Catalyzed Facile Synthesis of Hydrazone Derivatives.
Authors: Parveen Mehtab , Azaz Shaista , Malla Ali Mohammed , Ahmad Faheem , Pereira da Silva Pedro Sidonio , Ramos Silva Manuela
Published: May 2015

Title compounds [(II) and (IV)] are simply, efficiently, and in high purity synthesized using an eco‐friendly, sustainable protocol where inexpensive [Et3NH][HSO4] serves as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of (Hetero)aryl Halides and Triflates in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Cohen Daniel T. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: May 2015

The scalable procedure is applied to the cyanation of complex molecules and natural products such as steroids, chiral amino acids and the reverse transcriptase inhibitor lersivirine (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel Polycyclic Ring Scaffold with Antimitotic Properties via a Selective Domino Heck—Suzuki Reaction.
Authors: Alza Esther , Laraia Luca , Ibbeson Brett M. , Collins Suil , Galloway Warren R. J. D. , Stokes Jamie E. , Venkitaraman Ashok R. , Spring David R.
Published: May 2015

13 Title compounds of type (III) are prepared and screened for their antimitotic properties.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Dispiro 1,4‐Benzothiazine Hybrid Heterocycles Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Malathi Karuppiah , Jeyachandran Veerappan , Kalaiselvan Karumpan , Kumar Raju Ranjith
Published: May 2015

of azomethine ylides, generated in situ via decarboxylative condensation of acenaphthylenedione (II) or isatins (VII) with α‐amino acids, and ylidene acetates (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Amine Protection/α‐Activation with the tert‐Butoxythiocarbonyl Group: Application to Azetidine Lithiation—Electrophilic Substitution.
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Mortimer Claire L. , McKenna Jeffrey M.
Published: May 2015

The use of the long‐neglected tert‐butoxythiocarbonyl group (Bot) for the α‐lithiation of Bot‐azetidines is examined in the presence of non‐chiral and chiral ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: SnO Nanoparticles: A Robust and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3,4,5‐Substituted Furan‐2(5H)‐ones.
Authors: Safaei‐Ghomi Javad , Heidari‐Baghbahadorani Elham , Shahbazi‐Alavi Hossein
Published: May 2015

The title compounds (IV) are obtained in excellent yields by three‐component reaction of aniline derivatives, acetylenedicarboxylate, and aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Aldol Reactions of 1,2‐Diketones Catalyzed by Amines to Afford Furanose Derivatives.
Authors: Jithender Enukonda , Katsuyama Isamu , Zhang Dongxin , Johnson Sherida , Tanaka Fujie
Published: May 2015

The reaction of acyclic 1,2‐diketones with electron deficient aryl aldehydes proceeds with high regioselectivity which is controlled by the catalyst used.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(II)‐Catalyzed Novel Synthesis of 3,4‐Fused Furans.
Authors: Manna Susanta Kumar , Mandal Arabinda , Mondal Suresh Kumar , Samanta Shubhankar , Ray Jayanta K. , Baidya Mahiuddin
Published: May 2015

Various 3,4‐fused polycyclic furan derivatives, e.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(0)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] Carbonylative Cycloaddition of Imines and Alkynes or Norbornene Leading to γ‐Lactams.
Authors: Hoshimoto Yoichi , Ohata Tomoya , Sasaoka Yukari , Ohashi Masato , Ogoshi Sensuke
Published: May 2015

A key feature of the process is the use of phenyl formate as a CO source that enables carbonylation and prevents quenching of the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Pyrrolyl‐Oxindoles as Efficient Nucleophiles for Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 3,3′‐Disubstituted Oxindole Derivatives.
Authors: Cui Bao‐Dong , You Yong , Zhao Jian‐Qiang , Zuo Jian , Wu Zhi‐Jun , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Zhang Xiao‐Mei , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: May 2015

A squaramide‐substituted cinchona alkaloid is successfully applied as catalyst for the synthesis of chiral oxindoles such as (III) and (V) by Michael addition of 3‐pyrrolyloxindoles with nitroalkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Acyloxy Migration/[3 + 2] Cycloaddition of 1,6‐Diynes with an Ynamide Propargyl Ester Moiety: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclopenta[b]indoles.
Authors: Liu Jun , Chen Ming , Zhang Liangwei , Liu Yuanhong
Published: May 2015

A gold‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,6‐diynes containing an ynamide propargyl ester or carbonate moiety is developed that provides an attractive route to diverse‐substituted 3‐acyloxy‐1,4‐dihydrocyclopenta[b]indoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Arylation of the Amino Group in the Indazole Ring: Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolo‐Carbazoles.
Authors: Anil Kumar K. , Kannaboina Prakash , Dhaked Devendra K. , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Bharatam Prasad V. , Das Parthasarathi
Published: May 2015

5‐ And 6‐aminoindazoles are arylated using various arylboronic acids and the products are cyclized to pyrazolocarbazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient, Environment‐Friendly, One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 4‐Formylimidazoles from 4‐Acylaminoisoxazoles.
Authors: Gao Feng , Tian Xin‐Chuan , Qu Xiao‐Xia , Wang Dan , Pu Dong
Published: May 2015

Isoxazolylbenzamides are converted to formylimidazoles by using a highly efficient and eco‐friendly protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound Promoted and SiO2/CCl3COOH Mediated Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐1‐arylmethyl‐1H‐benzimidazole Derivatives in Aqueous Media: An Eco‐Friendly Approach.
Authors: Kumar Brajesh , Smita Kumari , Kumar Brajendra , Cumbal Luis
Published: May 2015

12 Title compounds (III) are prepared under ultrasound irradiation and using trichloroacetic acid on SiO2 as a catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzofused Five‐Ring Sultams via Rh‐Catalyzed C—H Olefination Directed by an N‐Ac‐Substituted Sulfonamide Group.
Authors: Li Xueyuan , Dong Yi , Qu Fengyu , Liu Gang
Published: May 2015

A simple procedure is elaborated for the preparation of sultams (III) and (VIII) by a olefination—cyclization reaction of sulfonamides (I) with alkenes (II) and (VII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of Carbon Supported Copper Nanoparticles for the Synthesis of Aryl Nitriles and 1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud , Jaleh Babak , Fakhri Parisa , Zahraei Ali , Ghadery Esmaeil
Published: May 2015

Copper nanoparticles supported on carbon appears to be an excellent heterogenous catalyst for the cyanation of aryl iodide as well as the synthesis of triazoles via “click” reactions under ligand‐free conditions.The catalyst can be recycled and reused up to five runs without significant loss of catalytic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Buchwald—Hartwig Reactions of Monohaloflavones.
Authors: Konya Krisztina , Pajtas David , Kiss‐Szikszai Attila , Patonay Tamas
Published: May 2015

6‐ and 7‐Brominated substrates (I) and (VI) can be successfully treated with primary and secondary alkylamines or anilines under conditions A).
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Strategy to Prepare Warfarin‐Like Compounds Catalyzed by Zirconium Oxychloride.
Authors: Khodabakhshi Saeed , Abbasabadi Masoud Khaleghi , Baghrnejad Mojtaba , Marahel Farzaneh
Published: May 2015

The title compounds (III) are efficiently obtained by one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of benzamide (II), various aryl glyoxals (I), and 4‐hydroxycoumarin (III) under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed C(sp2)—H Functionalization/C—O Cyclization Reaction at Room Temperature.
Authors: Dai Jian‐Jun , Xu Wen‐Tao , Wu Ya‐Dong , Zhang Wen‐Man , Gong Ying , He Xia‐Ping , Zhang Xin‐Qing , Xu Hua‐Jian
Published: May 2015

Under the optimized conditions A), a broad spectrum of 2‐aryl carboxylic acids is cyclized to benzochromenone products.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Route to 2‐Quinolinones via a Pd‐Catalyzed C—H Bond Activation/C—C Bond Formation/Cyclization Cascade Reaction.
Authors: Wu Junliang , Xiang Shaohua , Zeng Jing , Leow Minli , Liu Xue‐Wei
Published: May 2015

The method is applied to the preparation of compound (XIII), an intermediate in the synthesis of the drug tipifarnib (XIV).
ChemInform Abstract: In(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Styryl Quinolines: Scope and Limitations of Metal Lewis Acids for Tandem Friedlaender Annulation—Knoevenagel Condensation.
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Asim , Qadri Mohammad Mohsin , Ansari Md. Imam , Gautam Abhishek , Chakraborti Asit K.
Published: May 2015

Among a variety of metal Lewis acids evaluated, In/OTf/3 is found to be sole catalyst allowing for the synthesis of 2‐styrylguinones (IV)/(17 examples) by a tandem Friedlaender annulation/Knoevenagel condensation sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Design for Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation: An Unsymmetrical Cyclopentadienyl Group Enables a Regioselective Synthesis of Dihydroisoquinolones.
Authors: Hyster Todd K. , Dalton Derek M. , Rovis Tomislav
Published: May 2015

The regioselectivity of the insertion reaction of (I) with terminal olefins is strongly dependent on the catalyst used.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Cascade Synthesis of N‐Methoxyisoquinolinediones via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Carbenoid Insertion C—H Activation/Cyclization.
Authors: Shi Jingjing , Zhou Jie , Yan Yunnan , Jia Jinlong , Liu Xuelei , Song Huacan , Xu H. Eric , Yi Wei
Published: May 2015

The Rh‐catalyzed reaction of N‐methoxybenzamides (I) with α‐diazotized Meldrum′s acid (II) leads to variety of N‐methoxyisoquinolinediones (III), which can be converted to isoquinolinedione (IV) and isoquinolinone (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Three‐Component Synthesis and Insecticidal Evaluation of Hexahydroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Fan Ye‐Feng , Zhang Wen‐Wen , Shao Xu‐Sheng , Xu Zhi‐Ping , Xu Xiao‐Yong , Li Zhong
Published: May 2015

A series of new hexahydroimidazopyridine derivatives is synthesized and evaluated for its activity against cowpea aphids.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Heterocycle Systems: 6,8‐Dimethyl‐2‐(methylsulfanyl)‐4‐amino‐substituted Pyrimido[4′,5′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine and 9,11‐Dimethyl‐5‐(methylsulfanyl)pyrimido[2′,1′:5,1]pyrazolo[4,3‐e] [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐c]pyrimidine.
Authors: Hasanpour Maede , Eshghi Hossein , Bakavoli Mehdi , Yusefi Mozhdeh
Published: May 2015

Novel tri‐ and tetracyclic compounds based on pyrazolopyrimidine are synthesized starting from readily available 4‐hydrazinylpyrimidine‐5‐carbonitrile (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5,6‐Dihydropyrazolo[1,5‐c]quinazolines Through Gold‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Bicyclization of N‐Propargylic Sulfonylhydrazones.
Authors: Tang Hai‐Tao , Xiong Kai , Li Ren‐Hao , Ding Zong‐Cang , Zhan Zhuang‐Ping
Published: May 2015

The method is applied to the one‐pot preparation of pyrazolo[1,5‐c]quinazoline (XIII) by in situ oxidation of the corresponding 5,6‐dihydropyrazolo[1,5‐c]quinazoline product.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Metal‐Free Synthesis of 1,3‐Oxazinen‐4‐ones.
Authors: Craig Alexander J. , van der Salm Louise , Stevens‐Cullinane Lars , Lucas Nigel T. , Tan Eng Wui , Hawkins Bill C.
Published: May 2015

Starting from 1‐benzoyl or 1‐acetylcyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid and a range of imines, the title compounds are synthesized in a high‐yielding operationally simple and rapid manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Myrinsol Diterpenoids from Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam.
Authors: Wang Li , Zang Zhen , Wang Yu‐Fei , Huang Sheng‐Xiong , Cao Pei , Zhao Yong
Published: May 2015

isolation and structural elucidation of two new myrinsol diterpenoids, phordracunculins A (Ia) and B (Ib)
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Carbocyclic Nucleoside (+)‐Neplanocin A.
Authors: Jung Young Hoon , Kim Seung In , Hong Yeon Ju , Park Sook Jin , Kang Kyung Tae , Kim So Yeon , Kim In Su
Published: May 2015

The title compound (+)‐(I), enantiomer of the antitumor/antiviral constituent of Ampullariella regularis, is prepared starting from D‐galactose.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Dimensional Architecture at Nanojunctions for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Yin Huajie , Tang Zhiyong
Published: May 2015

Review: [10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Opening Copolymerization (ROCOP): Synthesis and Properties of Polyesters and Polycarbonates
Authors: Paul Shyeni , Zhu Yunqing , Romain Charles , Brooks Rachel , Saini Prabhjot K. , Williams Charlotte K.
Published: May 2015

Review: [90 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of a Novel Family of Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules with Unique Reactivity and Members Valuable for Fluorescent Sensing and Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Xiao Yi , Liu Fengyu , Chen Zhuo , Zhu Weipin , Xu Yufang , Qian Xuhong
Published: May 2015

Review: [22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Periodate Mediated Oxidative Transformations in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Sudalai Arumugam , Khenkin Alexander , Neumann Ronny
Published: May 2015

Review: [84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed C—H Activation: Expanding the Portfolio of Metal‐Catalyzed Functionalization of Unreactive C—H Bonds by Arene‐Chromium π‐Complexation
Authors: Hu Feng , Szostak Michal
Published: May 2015

Review: 44 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation, Structure and Reactivity of Tertiary Organolithium Reagents
Authors: Perry Matthew A. , Rychnovsky Scott D.
Published: May 2015

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Catalytic Stereocontrolled Cycloaddition with Terminal Propargylic Compounds
Authors: Hu Xin‐Hu , Liu Zhen‐Ting , Shao Long , Hu Xiang‐Ping
Published: May 2015

Review: [30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acid Chlorides: A Journey from Instability and Racemization Toward Broader Utility in Organic Synthesis Including Peptides and Their Mimetics
Authors: Prabhu Girish , Basavaprabhu Basavaprabhu , Narendra N. , Vishwanatha T. M. , Sureshbabu Vommina V.
Published: May 2015

Review: [303 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organofluorine Chemistry: Applications, Sources and Sustainability
Authors: Harsanyi Antal , Sandford Graham
Published: May 2015

Review: [22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallic Acid: A Versatile Antioxidant with Promising Therapeutic and Industrial Applications
Authors: Badhani Bharti , Sharma Neha , Kakkar Rita
Published: May 2015

Review: 299 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of HCV NS5B Thumb Site I Inhibitors: Core‐Refining from Benzimidazole to Indole Scaffold
Authors: Zhao Fabao , Liu Na , Zhan Peng , Jiang Xuemei , Liu Xinyong
Published: May 2015

Review: 45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Bioorthogonal Reactions for Site‐Specific Protein Labeling and Engineering
Authors: Gong Yukang , Pan Lifeng
Published: May 2015

Review: [54 refs.
Enantioseparation of the Six Important Intermediates of Homoharringtonine With Immobilized Cellulose Chiral Stationary Phase
Authors: Zhou Jie , Du Qiuzheng , Sun Fang , Liu Qian , Zhang Zhenzhong
Published: May 2015

A new liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the chiral separation of the enantiomers of intermediates in the preparation of the ester side‐chain of homoharringtonine. The enantiomers were separated by a Chiralpak IC (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) in normal phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four compounds were baseline resolved. By comparing the chromatographs of racemates and single enantiomers of the six intermediates, the enantiomeric excess values of the single enantiomers were evaluated, and the elution orders of the enantiomers were established. Chirality 27:538–542, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure and Absolute Configuration of Kongiidiazadione, a New Phytotoxic 3‐Substituted‐5‐Diazenylcyclopentendione Produced by Diaporthe Kongii
Authors: Evidente Marco , Boari Angela , Vergura Stefania , Cimmino Alessio , Vurro Maurizio , Ash Gavin , Superchi Stefano , Evidente Antonio
Published: May 2015

A new 3‐substituted‐5‐diazenylcyclopentendione named kongiidiazadione was isolated from culture filtrates of Diaporthe kongii, associated with stem cankers on sunflower in Australia. Kongiidiazadione was characterized by spectroscopic (essentially nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] and high‐resolution, electrospray ionization, mass spectrometry [HRESIMS]) methods as (−)‐5‐diazenyl‐3‐hydroxymethyl‐cyclopent‐3‐en‐1,2‐dione. The stereochemistry of the diazenyl group was determined by IR spectroscopy, while the (R) absolute configuration at C(5) was assigned by computational analysis of its electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. When assayed on leaf disks of different plant species at 5 mM, the kongiidiazadione had a differential impact, causing clear necrosis, in particular to Helianthus annuus. Moreover, kongiidiazadione proved to have a weak antibacterial activity against gram‐positive Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Chirality 27:557–562, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mixed‐element Octree: a meshing technique toward fast and real‐time simulations in biomedical applications
Authors: Lobos Claudio , González Eugenio
Published: May 2015

This article introduces a meshing technique focused on fast and real‐time simulation in a biomedical context. We describe in details our algorithm, which starts from a basic Octree regarding the constraints imposed by the simulation, and then, mixed‐element patterns are applied over transitions between coarse and fine regions. The use of surface patterns, also composed by mixed elements, allows us to better represent curved domains decreasing the odds of creating invalid elements by adding as few nodes as possible. In contrast with other meshing techniques, we let the user define regions of greater refinement, and as a consequence of that refinement, we add as few nodes as possible to produce a mesh that is topologically correct. Therefore, our meshing technique gives more control on the number of nodes of the final mesh. We show several examples where the quality of the final mesh is acceptable, even without using quality filters. We believe that this new meshing technique is in the correct direction toward real‐time simulation in the biomedical field. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.