bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olive oil increase catalase activity and gluthatione peroxidase level in hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Okvenda Ariani Zaltin , Yerizel Eti , Raveinal
Published: June 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease globally. Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is known to trigger oxidative stress. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) is decreased in diabetic conditions. Catalase activity acts as a defense system to prevent the formation of free radicals (oxidants) in the human body.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of olive oil antioxidants on catalase activity and GSH-Px levels in hyperglycemic rats.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups (n: 8): untreated control (Control), alloxan-induced untreated (Alloxan), and alloxan-induced treatment (Treatment) of olive oil at 25 mL/day for 14 days. Catalase activities were measured using the spectrophotometry method, and GSH-Px levels were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 
Results: Administration of olive oil increased catalase activity compared to the untreated group in alloxan-induced rats. The average level of glutathione peroxidase was higher in the treatment group than in alloxan-induced rats.
Conclusion: Antioxidants in olive oil increased catalase activity and glutathione peroxidase levels in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats.
The role of citicoline in the correction of cerebral blood flow disorders in patients with coronary artery disease in combination with COVID-19
Authors: Netiazhenko V.Z. , Mostovyi S.Ye.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the effect of citicoline on cerebral blood flow and microembolic signals (MES) after 6 months of treatment in patients with coronary artery disease combined with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
MATERIALS AND METHODS. A prospective study of 68 patients with coronary artery disease with confirmed COVID-19 by PCR was conducted. Group I (n=35) included patients with coronary artery disease in combination with COVID-19, who, in addition to standard therapy of cerebrovascular disease, received citicoline (500 mg twice daily) for 6 months after discharge from the hospital. The comparison group (group II; n=33) consisted of patients who did not receive citicoline. Cerebral blood flow, peak systolic velocity in extracranial and intracranial vessels were determined, and 1-hour transcranial monitoring to detect MES were performed. Patients were re-examined in 6 months.
RESULTS. At the initial examination of patients, cerebral blood flow and the number of MES did not differ significantly. After 6 months, there was an increase in cerebral blood flow in the cerebral arteries, as well as a decrease in MES in patients taking citicoline, whereas in group II there was no positive dynamics of this ratio. A direct correlation between plasma C-reactive protein, D-dimer and MES was found in patients of both groups. After 6 months of treatment, C-reactive protein and D-dimer decreased in both groups equally.
CONCLUSIONS. The obtained results of improvement of cerebral perfusion, blood rheology, due to the anti-inflammatory effect, stabilising function of citicoline on phospholipid membranes of cerebral vascular endothelium, neurons and glial elements allow the use of citicoline in patients with coronary artery disease in combination with COVID-19 to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 on the central nervous system.
Justification for the creation of intelligent programs for early diagnosis, lung cancer phenotyping and treatment effectiveness assessment
Authors: Lynnyk M.I. , Gumeniuk G.L. , Ignatieva V.I. , Liskina I.V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND. Ordinary DICOM viewers used in practical medicine (Vitrea, EFilm, K-Pacs, etc.) allow only densitometric researches, which does not give a complete picture of the histological structure of the investigated tissues. Digital software processing of computed tomography (CT) data helps to investigate in detail the morphofunctional state of tissues and formations.
OBJECTIVE. In view of the digital software processing of CT data, to justify the possibility of creating intelligent programs based on convolutional neural networks for early diagnostics, phenotyping and control of efficiency of lung cancer treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The retrospective analysis of the data of 23 patients who were on treatment at the SI “National scientific center of phthisiology, pulmonology and allergology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine”. On the eve of operative treatment the patients underwent a full complex of inspections, including a CT scan. Digital software processing of CT data was conducted taking into account the results of immunohistochemical and pathistological inspections of removed tumours using the Dragonfly program.
RESULTS. Differences in the histograms of various immunohistochemical forms of lung cancer have been revealed, that allows to create intelligent systems based on convolutional neural networks. It will help to conduct early diagnostics, phenotyping and control of efficiency of the personalized treatment of patients with lung cancer.
Дослідження потреб регулюючої бази для ліцензування інноваційних ядерних установок в межах проєкту HARMONISE
Authors: Kukhotskyi O. , Shyshuta A. , Bakanov V. , Serhiienko O. , Ligotskyy O. , Gumenyuk D.
Published: June 2024

Зараз у ядерній галузі світу здійснюється інтенсивний розвиток та розроблення нових ядерних установок, як-от малі модульні реактори, інноваційні ядерні установки поділу (Покоління IV) та термоядерного синтезу. Очікується, що інноваційні ядерні установки створять нові виклики для поточного процесу ліцензування. Тому, у міжнародному співтоваристві актуальним завданням є перегляд наявних підходів, зокрема регулюючої бази, включення нових концепцій і надання достатніх можливостей для забезпечення безпеки таких установок. Першим кроком є визначення потреб для ліцензування інноваційних ядерних установок та створення гармонізованої і всеосяжної з ними системи ліцензування. З цією метою Європейським співтовариством з атомної енергії (Євратом) ініційовано низку програм дослідження. HARMONISE – це проєкт, що реалізується у межах Програми з досліджень і навчання Євратома (2021–2025), який вивчає питання гармонізації ліцензування майбутніх ядерно-енергетичних технологій у Європі під час проведення досліджень і співпраці з метою стандартизації регулювання ядерної безпеки в Європейському Союзі. Основними завданнями HARMONISE є: аналіз попередніх оцінок безпеки інноваційних ядерних установок поділу та термоядерного синтезу; вивчення потреб для ліцензування інноваційних ядерних установок; вивчення підходів, заснованих на оцінці ризиків, що використовуються, під час ліцензування та ухвалення регуляторних рішень; визначення межі гармонізації та стандартизації для оцінок компонентів, методологій, нормативів і стандартів; вивчення попереднього досвіду з гармонізації.
Державне підприємство «Державний науково-технічний центр з ядерної та радіаційної безпеки» (ДНТЦ ЯРБ) бере участь у 4 робочих пакетах з 6: WP1 – робота із зацікавленими сторонами для ефективної комунікації та залучення для збору вхідних та вихідних даних проєкту; WP2 – аналіз потреб ліцензування інноваційних ядерних установок; WP3 – розроблення технологічної, ризик-інформованої нормативної основи; WP5 – поширення, використання та комунікація.
Ця стаття є представленням поточних результатів роботи ДНТЦ ЯРБ у межах пакета WP2. Основним завданням пакета WP2 є розроблення рекомендацій щодо загального підходу та адаптації наявного процесу ліцензування ядерних установок до гармонізованого, що охоплюватиме особливості інноваційних проєктів ядерних установок поділу та термоядерного синтезу. Діяльність за пакетом складається з трьох етапів: (1) огляд безпеки та особливостей таких установок, дослідження застосовності чинних вимог та рекомендацій, (2) ідентифікація загальних підходів до ліцензування ядерних установок у країнах учасницях та МАГАТЕ та (3) власне розробка рекомендацій для гармонізації наявного процесу ліцензування ядерних установок.
ExActR: A Shiny app for creating ecosystem extent accounts
Authors: Gibbons Anthony , Martini Francesco , White Cian , King Emma , Stout Jane , Donohue Ian , Parnell Andrew
Published: June 2024

Ecosystem accounting is a structured way to integrate nature into sustainable decision-making. The System of Environmental Economic Accounting-Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EA) was adopted by the United Nations as a set of international standards for the collection of habitat data and compiling ecosystem accounts. The ecosystem extent account is one of the four pillars of the SEEA-EA framework, where the spatial composition of an ecosystem accounting area is grouped by habitat types, and the land cover change over time is quantified. Here, we present ExActR (Extent Accounts in R), an open-source application for generating extent accounts using shapefiles, a geospatial vector data format. The app is built in R and the associated Shiny framework, which automatically updates as the user interacts with it. The application supports multiple timepoints, where extent accounts (tables) are generated for consecutive pairs of timepoints, accommodating users’ needs for dynamic ecosystem assessments across several periods. Data visualisations are generated in the form of both interactive (leaflet) and static maps of each timepoint, and barplots to illustrate land type composition and change. A version of the app has been deployed (available at https://gibbona1.shinyapps.io/extent_app/), offering a space for interactive exploration of ecosystems. Shiny’s reactivity, combined with JavaScript plugins for copying tables into multiple formats, including LaTeX and plots, make the application results suitable to insert directly into reports. The app is suitable for using with any spatial grouping variable. We test its functionality on small and large study sites on CORINE land cover data, as well as land cover maps generated using very-high resolution satellite imagery of a wind farm site in Ireland, during and post construction, demonstrating its ability to adapt to various land cover classification systems. The tool can be used to understand, visualise and track changes in ecosystem assets, aiding interpretation by both scientists and stakeholders.
ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP PASAL 33 UUD 1945 DALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI MENGENAI PENGUJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 30 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG KETENAGALISTRIKAN TERHADAP UUD 1945
Authors: Putri A Nadya
Published: June 2024

Government intervention in the electricity business becomes important because it involves economic sovereignty, industrial competitiveness and low purchasing power. Government intervention in the fulfillment of the national electricity supply is generally shaped subsidi.Pemerintah subsidize electricity to the community and industry as consumers of electricity at a price set by the government, or in this case known as the electricity tariff (TDL). Electricity tariff is on average lower than the costs for electricity production

The Constitutional Court decided to reject the proposed Judicial Review by SP PLN with consideration of the judges deem that Act No. 30 of 2009 does open the possibility of separation of the business (unbundling) in the unbundling of electricity but is meant to calm the Law 30/2009 referred to in Law 20 / 2002 before the Constitutional Court canceled. origin 3 and Article 4 of the Act has been giving limits. So the existing unbundling provisions in the Act differs from unbundling in Law Number 20 Year 2002 on Electricity that has been canceled by the Constitutional Court. If the laws that has been canceled, the definition of the unbundling is the separation of 3 komponen.yaitu power generation, power transmission and power distribution. While the Act No. 30 of 2009, unbundling does not contain three components separation law diujimaterikan itu.Dalam the electricity tariff is determined by the state. In addition, the Act No. 30 of 2009 that SOEs are also given top priority in dealing with the electricity business. So there is no locally-owned enterprises, private enterprises, or cooperatives that can provide electricity in a region.
LEGAL CERTAINTY FOR INVESTORS ON INVESTMENT IN THE FIELD OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ONLINE BUSINESS
Authors: Nasution Abdul Rohman
Published: June 2024

This research discusses about how the role of the state to provide the legal certainty for investor in the field of geothermal energy. As one of the potential energy derived from the natural resources in Indonesia, geothermal should be developed for the welfare of the Indonesian people. In accordance with the mandate of the 1945 Constitution in its preamble stated that the purpose of the state is to improve the welfare of the community. Government guarantees for investors of practice in the field of geothermal energy. Legislation issued by the government to provide legal certainty for investors in capital plant in Indonesia such as: a. Law No. 23 of 2003 about Geothermal b. Law No. 25 of 2007 about Investment c. Law No. 30 of 2007 about Energy Indonesia has a wealth of energy resources. One of the energy resources owned by Indonesia is geothermal energy. However, in the development and utilization of geothermal energy, the implementations of energy sources are yet to be optimized to the maximum by the government. Keywords : legal certainty, investment, investor, geothermal energy.

 

Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana peran negara untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi investor di bidang energi panas bumi. Sebagai salah satu energi potensial yang berasal dari sumber daya alam di Indonesia, panas bumi harus dikembangkan untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia. Sesuai dengan amanat UUD 1945 dalam pembukaannya menyatakan bahwa tujuan negara adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. jaminan pemerintah bagi investor praktek di bidang energi panas bumi. Legislasi yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi investor di pabrik modal di Indonesia seperti: a. Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2003 tentang Panas Bumi b. Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal c. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2007 tentang Energi Indonesia memiliki kekayaan sumber daya energi. Salah satu sumber energi yang dimiliki oleh Indonesia adalah energi panas bumi. Namun, dalam pengembangan dan pemanfaatan energi panas bumi, implementasi sumber energi yang belum dioptimalkan secara maksimal oleh pemerintah. Kata kunci: kepastian hukum, investasi, investor, energi panas bumi.

 

Key word: Geothermal Energy

 
Honor Killing in Legal, Cultural and Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Dewantari Zenny Rezania
Published: June 2024

This paper is talking about honor killing, a form of murder in which the act itself is considered as a necessity. This term is common used to picture a murder of a woman conducted by a man in a patriarchal community, as a retaliation of what she did that’s brought shame to a family. In a broader term, honor killing means a necessary murder by a family member to a victim who is believed to have brought shame to a family.

            Motives behind honor killing are what make this killing unique. The motives are commonly to restore the equilibrium after the damage brought by the victim to the family. There are no certain criteria of what damaging behavior is. Victims were usually women with some cases were involving men as a victim.

            Right of life is stated in Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Many human rights conventions also state a protection of women’s human rights. So in a human rights perspective, honor killing is against human rights especially right of life and specifically for women, it is against rights of a woman.

            Naturally, human rights are universal. Problem occurs when this universality meets local cultures, beliefs, and traditions. Honor killing is sometimes allowed in those certain groups. So it is a challenge of human rights enforcement to get inside the cultures and beliefs of some state’s ideology that might be different with UDHR statements, including honor killing phenomenon. 
THE PHENOMENA OF MOTORCYCLE-TAXI OR OJEK AS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN JAKARTA AND ITS LEGITIMACY ACCORDING TO TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION LAW
Authors: Roberto Ignatius
Published: June 2024

Jakarta mostly known for its problem with traffic jam and also their public transportation. Amongst this issue, ojek emerge and established themselves as an alternative public transportation that much faster and accessible compared to other public transportation, especially after the emergence of application-based ojek. Traffic and road transportation have important role in supporting development and as a part to advancing national welfare of the people. The law that provides regulation of transportation itself already exist in Law No. 22 of 2009 of Traffic and Transportation and further regulation in Government Regulation Number 74 of 2014 of Road Transportation, Regional Regulation of Province of Jakarta Number 5 of 2014 of Transportation and Minister of Transportation’s Decision Number KM. 35 of 2003 of Implementation of People’s Transportation in the Road with Public Transportation. A good proper public transportation provides six point that safety, security, comfortness, affordability, equality, and regularity. While, during these days public transportation mostly are unable to fulfill those six point. These situation makes ojek came up with solution as an option for people to through the traffic in Jakarta. But, yet ojek in Jakarta and in Indonesia itself still not regulated and actually becomes illegal public transportation. And the absence of law itself leads to some problem such as price, safety issues, and no customer service provided. In doing this research Author was using socio-legal study and also sociological approach. Author conducted two researches, one for customer of ojek and one for ojek driver. Author used questionnaire for the customer and interview for the ojek driver. Based on research conducted by Author, the absence of law leads into legal uncertainty in the society for the related parties; no regulation that regulates standard or measurement about ojek’s fare and safety. And according to both customer and ojek driver asked by Author also prefer a regulation to be created than to prohibit ojek itself. In this chaotic Jakarta’s traffic and its public transportation that still under development, ojek provides people with option for people. But a regulation still needs to be created to gives legal certainty for parties; whether to protect customer and ojek drivers.
RELEVANSI PEMBATASAN PEMBUATAN AKTA NOTARIS TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN NOTARIS SEBAGAI PEJABAT UMUM
Authors: Azizah Laily Nur , Sesung Rusdianto
Published: June 2024

Supervision and guidance of Notaries is carried out by the Notary Supervisory Board on the implementation of Notary position duties based on the Notary Position Act and by the Notary Honorary Board for matters relating to the Notary Code of Ethics. With consideration to Article 4 point 16 of the Notary Code of Ethics concerning the prohibition for notaries to make deeds exceeding the fairness limit the amount of which has been determined by the next Honorary Board Notary issued the Honorary Board Regulation of the Indonesian Notary Association Number 1 of 2017 concerning Fairness Limits for the Making of the Deed stipulates that the fairness limit in making deeds is 20 (twenty) deeds per day.
The author in this study wants to examine and analyze further about the position of the Honorary Board of the Central Indonesian Notary Association Regulation No. 1 2017 in the practice of notary and the relevance of the limitation on the number of notary deeds when associated with the notary's authority as a public official.
The research method used is normative legal research, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary legal materials while the problem approach is carried out using a legal approach and conceptual approach.
The results of the study indicate that the position of the Honorary Board Regulation of the Indonesian Notary Association Number 1 of 2017 in the practice of notary is only limited to regulations within the organization's internal scope and is not a statutory regulation that has binding nature. The limitation on the number of notary deeds is irrelevant because the function of the Notary is to serve the people who need their services and Notaries are not permitted by the Act of Notary Position to reject the parties who come to make the deed.
CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM FOR JUVENILE CRIMINAL OFFENDER IN INDONESIA AND THE STRUGGLE FOR ACCESS TO JUSTICE
Authors: Dewantary Zenny Rezania
Published: June 2024

The criminal law system of Indonesia formed a special court system for children criminals. This system is determined by considering that juvenile has distinguishing factors than adult that drive them to conduct criminality. Those can be analyzed based on psychological and sociological factors. The main purpose is to secure access for justice towards children criminality. However, provisions in Juvenile Court System law still have weaknesses that will endanger the access of justice. Therefore, in the enforcement aspects, that inclusivity is often being abandoned. This research is interdisciplinary by using normative-empirical method and qualitative method. Normative-empirical is analyzing on legal instrument using statute approach and also using primary data taken from interview. Qualitative method is a method that holistically describes a phenomenon by analyzing the quality of relations, situations, and other materials. This research analyzed on the inclusivity of juvenile delinquents that has affected the law making process by constituting special court system for children, then criticizing on how poor the law being constituted and then affecting the enforcement. Law enforcers have awareness on prioritizing restorative justice as mandated by the Law. But there is a structural problem among the realization of it. The law enforcement needs to be improved both in the substantial aspect and attributive aspect.
KEBIJAKAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI TENTANG PERSYARATAN PENGANGKATAN PENJABAT GUBERNUR DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH
Authors: KHOLIK SAEFUL , C A R T O C A R T O
Published: June 2024

Local Leaders Election (LLE) In Unison is in the National Government's agenda, as set out in Constitution No. 10 of 2016 concerning the second amendment to Law No. 1 of 2015 Concerning Determination of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2014 Regarding the LLE of Governors, Regents, and Mayors into Law. LLE in wave 3 (three) carried on June 27, 2018 one of them in the province of West Java. The tenure of the Governor and the Vice Governor of West Java exhausted before the inauguration of Governor election so requires for the Acting Governor to fill the vacancy (vacuum of power). Acting Governor of West Java charging filled by Police Commissioner General M. Iriawan is active Police who took office Main Secretary National Security Institution, which became the basis of the appointment of Act No. 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus and Government Ordinance No. 4 of 2002 on the Amendment of the GO 15 of 2001 on Transfer of Status of the National Army of Indonesia and the Indonesian National Police Members. This study aims to determine (1) Does the Police General Appointment as Acting Governor Active berdsarkan meet the requirements Perturan legislation. (2) How Legal Implications of the Establishment of the Acting Governorof the Police General active status. From these results it can be concluded that: (1) Terms of the Acting Governor divided into 2 (two). First, its main base is being Served in High Leadership Associate. Second, the addition of its situational namely the Police can fill positions in institutions Center for one of the agencies' Center which can be occupied by the Police is the National Security Institution or have a list value of execution of work for three (3) In the last at least have a good value , (2) Implications that can arise as a result of the appointment of the Active Police General as Acting Governor are substantially possible for electoral legal implications, especially related to the Political aspect, including a tendency or concern to cause non-marginalization because there are regional election participants from the Police Agency.
Death Penalty and Rights of Inmates on The Death Row under Indonesia Criminal Justice System
Authors: Dewantary Zenny Rezania
Published: June 2024

Indonesia has executed approximately 84 inmates in the death row since 1998. Indonesia actively performed death execution until 2016. After 2016, although no execution has been done, there was a death penalty dropped in 2018. In relation to that, death penalty is stipulated in Indonesia Criminal Code (KUHP and other penal codes outside KUHP) and this makes Indonesia as a retentionist country. Death penalty delivers a death row. Death row is a prolonged death execution, which usualy measured in years. This situation caused a double-punishment, where the convicted must serve in an isolation room in prison, while waiting to be executed. This waiting period seems unavoidable due to some factors. Using normative-empirical research method, this research aims to bring the fact that in Indonesia, there are several factors that have been causing a death row. In this research, this situation is tested using state responsibility principle and some international conventions Indonesia has ratified. The absence of provision related to maximum death execution time after verdict is binding without further objections, together with the hierarchical system of court trial in Indonesia is the cause factor for the prolonged death execution. To encounter this situation The Government of Indonesia is proposed to (1) for short term goal, regulate strictly about the implementation of death execution; (2) for long term goal, to abolish capital punishment from the justice system.
PEMBATALAN KONTRAK SEPIHAK PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA PEMERINTAH TERKAIT PEMENUHAN PRESTASI YANG BELUM TERSELESAIKAN SETELAH BERAKHIRNYA JANGKA WAKTU KONTRAK
Authors: Kristianto Fennieka , Gracia Fidela
Published: June 2024

The development within business sectors in Indonesia is growing rapidly, and it is coherent that within business activities the word, as well as the role of contract, cannot be separated. It is due to the fact that the contract itself is one of the most crucial elements among the relationship of business actors in operating their business activities. One of the prominent business sectors in Indonesia is the procurement of goods/services, both by private or Government. This journal will solely focus on the procurement of goods/services by the Government which is the Government of Indonesia. The procurement of Government goods/services is regulated under Presidential Decree No. 16 year 2018 concerning the Procurement of Government goods/services (hereinafter referred to as “Procurement of Government Goods/Services Regulation”). Consequent to the ratification of this Presidential Decree, it has arisen several issues and concern towards the relevant business actors within this field which includes the conformity of the provisions with the principles of contract law in Indonesia along with the question in which unilateral contract termination/cancellation may occur in the interim of the procurement of Government goods/services contract. The research that is done for this journal is through normative legal research. Pursuant to the thorough examination done in this journal, it can be concluded that the rules and regulations relating to the procurement of goods/services are in conformity with the contract principles in Indonesia, and the cancellation/termination of the contract unilaterally cannot be justified legally if the provider fails to complete their performances within the period written and agreed under the contract as the Procurement of Government Goods/Services Regulation permit the extension of the work period.
FOREIGN SHARE OWNERSHIP LIMITS IN THE BUSINESS FIELD OF MINERAL AND COAL MINING ON PEOPLE’S WELFARE
Authors: Sumarsih Ida
Published: June 2024

Natural Resources as an unrenewable resources are a gift from God Almighty and owned by the Indonesian people, according to Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, and their management must be used to realize people’s welfare. In practice, the management of mineral and coal mining is carried out by involving foreign investors who require security guarantee for their business and investment. This research aims to answer the problem regarding setting limits on foreign share of ownership in the mineral and coal mining business sector in Indonesia and its implementation. This problem is then used as a basis for consideration to realize policies that have legal certainty to support efforts to realize people’s welfare. This study uses two theories, namely the purpose of law (Gustav Radburch) and the theory of the legal system (Lawrence Friedman). The research method used is normative juridical with empirical juridical support.
The findings of the research show that in enforcing limits on foreign share ownership there is still law smuggling, for example through borrowing names or nominees to secure the interests of foreign investors even though normatively they do not fulfill the legal terms of agreement as stipulated in article 1320 of the Civil Code. For investors the nominee agreement is a legal solution to ensure the security of investment in the mining sector in Indonesia. Therefore, the state needs to carry out supervision and law enforcement so that limitation on foreign share ownership can be implemented in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. So that the purpose of exploiting mineral and coal mining for the welfare of the people in the mining sector can be realized and in
DATA PROTECTION LAWS IN INDONESIA ANALYZING LEGAL IMPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Rizkifitria Dyani , Annisa Zahra , Khoerunissa Rizqyta Permata , Singal Avriel Silvio Delano , Joshua Bardo
Published: June 2024

Navigating the data deluge of the digital age demands a nuanced approach to personal data protection. This research delves into this critical issue through a multifaceted lens, utilizing case studies and analysis of Indonesian data protection regulations. By examining real-life scenarios, we reveal the tangible challenges individuals and organizations face in managing personal data effectively. Our in-depth exploration of existing regulations provides a critical assessment of their strengths and limitations, paving the way for informed recommendations for future improvements. This contribution transcends mere theoretical analysis, offering a practical understanding of the complexities and intricacies of data protection law in Indonesia's dynamic digital landscape. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, this research empowers individuals, organizations, and policymakers to navigate the evolving landscape of personal data protection with greater clarity and confidence.

Keywords: Personal Data Protection, Digital age, Legal Aspects.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA’S DECISION TO RELOCATE ITS CAPITAL TO EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Pidani Faiz Orlando Amryanto , Sinaga Maria Puspita Dewi , Karwur Sharon Pinkan , Sandra Zanneta Angkumala Putri
Published: June 2024

The relocation of the capital city of Indonesia from DKI Jakarta to East Kalimantan has been a major focus since it was announced by President Joko Widodo on August 16, 2019. This decision is rooted in population density, efforts for economic equality, and balanced development. This article deeply analyzes the driving factors and impediments behind this relocation, summarizes Indonesia's constitutional system perspective regarding the plan, and evaluates the feasibility of Indonesia in executing the capital city's relocation. This decision also has stirred varied responses in society, prompting the urgency for appropriate legislative revisions or even a referendum to ensure the right decision, impacting public trust. Using the literature review research method, this article extracts information from various legal sources such as books, journals, and related articles. A descriptive approach is employed to provide a systematic overview of the research object. Despite the pros and cons surrounding this relocation, the government has ratified Law No. 3 of 2022 concerning the State Capital to proceed with the plan.

Keywords: Law, Capital City, Constitutional System, Public trust, Disaster
Analysis Determination of Constitutional Court Decision: President and Vice President Candidate Age
Authors: Anatasya Jessy Chrissensya , Manurung Sotar Dodo , Chairani Isnaena , Sibarani Rachel Elisabeth
Published: June 2024

The decision of the Constitutional Court on Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections: Age Limit for Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates has become a polemic for Indonesian politics. Constitutional Court decision approving the age limit for the President and Vice President at 35, previously the minimum age was 40 (UU No.7 Article 169 letter q of 2017). In the 1945 Constitution article 24C paragraph 1, the Constitutional Court has no authority to replace and amend laws that the Legislative institution has enacted. This has become a polemic in the election of Indonesian Presidential and Vice Presidential candidates on 14th February 2024. The public considers that the Constitutional Court's decision does not reflect the 5th principle of Pancasila and violates the code of ethics as a judge. This decision of the Constitutional Court changed the Indonesian people's view of the law for the worse because the government easily changed the law.

Keywords: Constitution court; Age; President Elections; The Laws
CRIMINAL LAW ANALYSIS THE CRIME OF INCEST AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF THE VICTIM.
Authors: Herdiana Akbar Farrel , Nisa Akna Khoirun , Siagian Diandra Caroline , Putri Nadya Raisha , Illahi Nurul Ilmi
Published: June 2024

Incest refers to sexual or marital relationships between family members that are prohibited by law. Incest cases are often considered taboo and illegal and can have serious psychological and legal repercussions. the most common perpetrators of sexual violence, including incest, are fathers and uncles. Such as the case that occurred in Banyumas, Purwokerto in March 2023 last year. This is sad because many of the perpetrators of violence in the personal sphere are considered and expected to be protectors such as fathers, uncles, and husbands. Criminal responsibility for the perpetrators of incest can be charged with Article 287 of the Criminal Code or Article 419 of Law No.1 of 2023. Meanwhile, the formulation of incest against children can be charged using Article 294 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code or Article 418 paragraph (1) of Law No.1 of 2023. In addition, the social-psychological impressions obtained by victims who experience incest will experience prolonged trauma. Social impressions are typical, namely that the child will be ostracized by his family, and discriminated against by the community. This article is written using normative and qualitative research methods that begin with an approach that focuses on analyzing applicable legal norms or regulations. The aim is to understand, explain, and interpret the written law. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of criminal law liability and child protection law in the decision and analyze the social sanctions obtained by the victim.

Keywords: Incest; criminal code; child protection law; social sanction; psychological impact.
OPTIMIZING CONFISCATION OF CORRUPTION ASSETS THROUGH CIVIL LAW
Authors: Lianta Zefanya Gloria Tachika , Kartika Amelia Chandra , Hapsari Naya , Tiara Tiara , Santoso Arneta Adelia , Awaeh Marcelina Lovely
Published: June 2024

For a long time, Indonesia has been facing the complexity of corruption cases. Corruption turns out to be more than just a legal issue. It is also a violation of people's economic and social rights. Poverty, significant social disparities, and overall state losses are also the result of corruption, so Indonesia must always find solutions to rampant corruption. The Follow the Money approach is one of the approaches used in Indonesia to combat corruption today. This approach also uses the main concept of the Corruption Eradication Law (UU PTPK), namely the concept of "state loss recovery" as a legal basis. The return of assets resulting from corruption in the realm of public and civil law is an important part of combating corruption in restorative efforts. Thus, it is expected that every legal source used in Indonesia can optimize the process of asset forfeiture to restore state losses caused by corruption, both in public and civil law.

Keywords: Corruption; Corruption Eradication Committee; Confiscation of Assets
Empowerment of Kelompok Tani Kerja Pertanian Peternakan Perikanan (K2P3) Fafinesu Village Through Post-Harvest Handling Training of Passocery
Authors: - Endah Mulat Satmalawati , Naisali Hyldegardis , Neonbeni Eduardus Y. , Nino Jefrianus
Published: June 2024

Fafinesu Village is one of the villages in Kecamatan Insana tengah, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (TTU) NTT which has been involved in horticulture cultivation, especially passion fruit, on a fairly large land area. Passion fruit plants are cultivated together with other horticulture such as papaya and vegetables (tomatoes and chilies). The large amount of passion fruit harvested by Kelompok Tani Kerja Pertanian Peternakan Perikanan  (K2P3) which was formed in 2020 in Fafinesu Village has not been utilized optimally and its economic value is not yet visible. Knowledge of post-harvest handling of passion fruit is not widely known by the public. Passion fruit business opportunities are still quite wide open because of marketing opportunities. However, one of the factors that is an obstacle to developing passion fruit is post-harvest technology which is not yet known to farmers. This community service program aims to increase farmers' knowledge and skills in post-harvest handling of passion fruit in order to increase the economic value of passion fruit. One product that is long-lasting is using a high sugar concentrate, so training was carried out in making an instant passion fruit drink combined with the medicinal rhizome plant (turmeric) to become a traditional turmeric and passion fruit sour drink product. The method used in this activity is practice and assistance in processing passion fruit. Community service was successful thanks to the active participation of farmer groups by producing new passion fruit processing products in the form of traditional instant drinks. The knowledge and skills of farmer groups increase and will ultimately have an impact on increasing production and the economy
Three new records of lythraceae in the flora of Bangladesh
Authors: Rani Pingky , Khan Saleh Ahammad , Uddin Sarder Nasir , Rahim Md Abdur , Shetu Shayla Sharmin
Published: June 2024

In the course of studying the family Lythraceae of Bangladesh in 2023–2024, some specimens of the family were found to be different than those of any other species of this family reported so far from this country. After a critical examination, these specimens have been identified as Ammannia auriculata, Rotala ramosior, and Rotala malampuzhensis of the Lythraceae. These species are new to the flora of Bangladesh. A detailed taxonomic description, including data on ecology, distribution, and use, a list of representative specimens examined, and illustrations have been provided for each species.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 15-24, 2024 (June)
Exploration of salinity effect on palyno-morphological characteristics of plant species collected from salt range
Authors: Nazish Moona , Bibi Fozia , Alwahibi Mona S , Elshikh Mohamed S , Zaman Wajid
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explore the pollen morphology of 19 plant species from the Khewra Salt Range by using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Plant specimens were collected from various sites in the Khewra Salt Range, identified, and deposited in the Herbarium of Pakistan. Pollen morphology was studied using LM and SEM. Quantitative characteristics, including polar and equatorial diameter, exine thickness, colpus and spines length and width were studied using LM. The studied pollen taxa exhibited extensive variation in size and sculpture, with potential taxonomic implications. Pollen shape of most of the studied species was sub-spheroidal but pollen sizes ranged from 0.98 µm to 14.3µm. Symmetry and polarity of pollen grains were observed, contributing to plant species identification. The P/E ratio varied from Dichanthium annulatum (0.56) to Medicago polymorpha (1.15). Scanning electron micrographs revealed diverse exine sculpturing patterns, such as scabrate and echinate. At the same time, Nerium oleander (0.7-2.1µm) showed high exine thickness and large size colpus with a length of 7.5µm and width of 8.26µm. The largest spines were observed in Vicia sativa (3.7µm long and 1.38 µm wide). The taxonomic key based on palyno-morphological characters offers a tool for quick and precise identification. Pollen viability values were determined. Highest pollen viability was noted for Capparis decidua (97%) that show the species adaptation in Salt range. Palynological features can aid in resolving taxonomic problems and contribute to further karyological and taxonomic evaluations. This study contributes valuable insights into the palynological diversity of plant species of salt range, emphasizing the importance of pollen morphology in understanding and conserving salt-affected ecosystems.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 33-49, 2024 (June)
A preliminary inventory of angiospermic flora of bagatipara upazila, natore, bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Mohammmad Tarikul , Uddin Mohammad Zashim
Published: June 2024

Preparation of the country's flora is very challenging until baseline information on the flora of all district or upazila is available.  The purpose of this inventory was to record angiosperm plant species available in the different habitats of Bagatipara upazila, which is located in the eastern part of Rajshahi district. The traditional taxonomic method was applied for plant sample collection in different seasons of the year 2022 and the identification of the collected samples. This research resulted in the recording of a total of 377 species in 92 families. Among them, 310 species were from Magnoliopsida, and 67 were from Liliopsida. Asteraceae and Poaceae were the leading families of Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida, respectively. One-fourth of the total plant species were exotic, and more than half were valuable medicinal species. Artocarpus lacucha, Bridelia stipularis, Callicarpa longifolia, Eranthemum pulchellum, Oroxylum indicum, Potentilla supina, Sterculia foetida, and Terminalia arjuna were locally found rare. Threats such as climate change, expansion of arable land and pisciculture, use of herbicides, over exploitation, clearing brushwood, and unplanned construction activities have been identified. The present study concludes that the floristic composition of this area is still rich, though the area is facing some threats. Therefore, we strongly recommend adopting effective and adequate measures for sustainable conservation and monitoring of the biodiversity of this area.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 155-172, 2024 (June)
Evaluation of Reservoir Properties of Sylhet Limestone of Jaintia Group, North-Eastern Sylhet, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Musfirat Najmun , Bhuiyan Md Anwar Hossain , Solaiman Mohammad , Fahim Md Sajjadul Islam , Ahmed Zohur
Published: June 2024

The Sylhet Limestone in the Bengal Basin, formed in the Eocene Epoch and known for its fossil content, is significant in understanding the reservoir characteristics. Despite exposure in Jaflong and Takerghat of the Bengal Basin, little research has been conducted on reservoir characteristics. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the Sylhet Limestone Formation, encompassing its crystalline upper and fossiliferous lower sections. It utilized field investigations and laboratory analyses to address the gaps of sporadic or insufficient earlier studies. A thorough examination of thin sections from the Sylhet Limestone, exposed in the Dauki River area, provides insights into the textural and mineralogical attributes and the presence of skeletal fossils within the limestone. Based on the analysis of thin sections, the limestones are categorized as Rudestones and Packstones. The porosity observed in the exposed rocks ranges from 5% to 12%, with most pores associated with interconnected fractures and joints. However, thin-section studies also indicate evidence of diagenetic recrystallization and calcite cementation. Hence, closely spaced, interconnected joints and fractures filled with diagenetic calcite might deteriorate the reservoir quality. Notably, this limestone exhibits fossilized specimens such as Nummulite, Discocyclina, Alveolina, Assilina, and Ostracoda, among others. The combination of the fossil assemblage, limestone texture, and composition strongly suggests that this limestone formation was deposited in a shallow marine environment with minimal sediment input under a warm and humid climate. The petrographic analysis of the limestones concludes that the upper portion of the formation is fine-grained while the lower part is coarse-grained.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 119-137
Isolation, Chemical Modification and In vivo Pharmacological Screening of Piperine and its Derivatives
Authors: Tasneem Faria , Saha Poushali , Spriha Sabiha Enam , Rahman Fahad Imtiaz , Sharmin Nahid , Rahman S M Abdur
Published: June 2024

Piperine (1) extracted from black pepper was transformed into its derivatives piperic acid (2) and piperonal (3) with good yields (69-76%). Animal models were used to examine the compounds' in vivo peripheral as well as central analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. In the peripheral analgesic experiment, compound 2 displayed remarkable action having writhing inhibition by 78% at 50 mg/kg dose, superior to that of 1 (74% writhing inhibition) when administered at the same dose and compared with standard diclofenac sodium (85%). Concerning central analgesic efficacy, piperonal outperformed compounds 1 and 2 at 25 mg/kg dose, with % tail-flick elongation times of 194%, 178%, and 178% at 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively. Conversely, at 50 mg/kg dose, piperic acid exhibited the highest activity, demonstrating % tail-flick elongation times of 231%, 213%, and 206% at 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively, as compared to the standard morphine (278%, 247%, and 160%) in the same duration. In anti-inflammatory property evaluation, piperonal portrayed outstanding effects with paw edema inhibitions of 57%, 66%, 76%, and 81%, respectively from 1st hour onwards, compared to standard aceclofenac (61%, 72%, 78%, and 89%) and parent compound piperine (20%, 34%, 51%, and 60%). This study suggests that piperine derivatives could act as promising leads for future drug development.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(1): 13-22, 2024 (June)