bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between physical physique/fitness in children and bone development during puberty: a 4-year longitudinal study
Authors: Akaike Arata , Suzuki Daisuke , Okuyama Shinya , Kudo Yutaro , Shimizu Hiroyasu , Takanashi Sara , Makino Kohei , Yokoyama Junichi , Nakaji Shigeyuki
Published: August 2022

Bone growth is most remarkable during puberty. This study aimed to clarify the effects of physique and physical strength on bone mineral density and bone metabolism markers during puberty to help improve bone growth during puberty and prevent future osteoporosis. There were 277 pubertal participants (125 boys and 152 girls) in this survey from 2009 to 2015, all aged 10/11 and 14/15 years. The measures included physical fitness/physique indices (such as muscle ratio etc.), grip strength, bone density (osteo sono-assessment index, OSI), and bone metabolism markers (bone-type alkaline phosphatase and type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide). At 10/11-years-old for girls, a positive correlation was found between body size/grip strength and OSI. At 14/15-year-old for boys, all body size factors/grip strength were positively correlated with OSI. The change in body muscle ratio was positively correlated with change in OSI for both sexes. The height, body muscle ratio and grip strength at 10/11-year-old were significantly associated with OSI (positively) and bone metabolism markers (negatively) at 14/15-year-old for both sexes. Adequate physique building after 10/11 years for boys and before 10/11 years for girls may be effective in increasing peak bone mass.
Differences in trunk and lower extremity muscle activity during squatting exercise with and without hammer swing
Authors: Murofushi Koji , Oshikawa Tomoki , Kaneoka Koji , Akuzawa Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Daisuke , Mitomo Sho , Furuya Hidetaka , Hirohata Kenji , Yagishita Kazuyoshi
Published: August 2022

Perturbation exercises enhance lower limb and trunk muscles, and adding swing perturbation while loading during exercise might improve muscle activation or strength. This study aimed to check variations in trunk and lower limb muscle activity during conventional isometric squats, and whether it will change with or without swing using the Hammerobics-synchronized squat method. Twelve healthy men participated in this study. Activities for the abductor hallucis, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, rectus femoris, biceps femoris long head, semitendinosus, gluteus maximus, multifidus, and internal oblique muscles were measured using surface electromyography during a Hammerobics-synchronized squat and conventional isometric squat. Muscle activities were statistically compared between squat methods. Hammerobics-synchronized squats significantly activated the abductor hallucis, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, semitendinosus, and multifidus muscles, in both phases, compared with the conventional isometric squats. The Hammerobics-synchronized squat exercise can be considered for trunk and foot stability exercise.
Early detection of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in neonates with prenatal diagnosis of renal pelvis dilatation using 1H NMR urinary metabolomics
Authors: Scalabre Aurélien , Clément Yohann , Guillière Florence , Ayciriex Sophie , Gaillard Ségolène , Demède Delphine , Bouty Aurore , Lanteri Pierre , Mure Pierre-Yves
Published: August 2022

Renal pelvis dilatation (RPD) is diagnosed in utero on prenatal ultrasonography (US) and can resolve spontaneously. However, isolated RPD can also reflect ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), which requires surgical treatment to prevent progressive renal deterioration. The diagnosis of UPJO can only be confirmed after birth with repeat US and renal isotope studies. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was performed on urine of newborns with prenatally diagnosed unilateral RPD and healthy controls to identify specific urinary biomarkers for UPJO. The original combination of EigenMS normalization and sparse partial-least-squares discriminant analysis improved selectivity and sensitivity. In total, 140 urine samples from newborns were processed and 100 metabolites were identified. Correlation network identified discriminant metabolites in lower concentrations in UPJO patients. Two main metabolic pathways appeared to be impaired in patients with UPJO i.e. amino acid and betaine metabolism. In this prospective study, metabolic profiling of urine samples by NMR clearly distinguishes patients who required surgery for UPJO from patients with transient dilatations and controls. This study will pave the way for the use of metabolomics for the diagnosis of prenatal hydronephrosis in clinical routine.
Isolation and characterization of phage display-derived scFv antibodies against human parechovirus 1 VP0 protein
Authors: Hietanen Eero , Tripathi Lav , Brockmann Eeva-Christine , Merilahti Pirjo , Lamminmäki Urpo , Susi Petri
Published: August 2022

Human parechoviruses (PeVs) are common viruses that are associated with a variety of diseases from mild gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms to severe central nervous system infections. Until now there has not been antibodies for visualizing parechovirus infection. We used E. coli recombinant PeV-A1-VP0 protein as a target in phage display single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody library panning. Three rounds of panning allowed identification and isolation of several candidate scFv clones, which tested positive in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against VP0. Three scFv clones (scFv-55, -59 and -71) with different CDR-3 sequences were further purified and tested in ELISA, Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFA) against a set of PeV-A1 isolates and a few isolates representing PeV types 2–6. In IFA, all three scFv binders recognized twenty PeV-A1 isolates. ScFv-55 and -71 also recognized clinical representatives of PeV types 1–6 both in IFA and in capture ELISA, while scFv-59 only recognized PeV-A1, -A2 and -A6. PeV-A1-VP0 (Harris strain) sequence was used to generate a peptide library, which allowed identification of a putative unique conformational antibody epitope with fully conserved flanking regions and a more variable core VVTYDSKL, shared between the scFv antibodies. Sequencing of the VP0 region of virus samples and sequence comparisons against parechoviral sequences in GenBank revealed 107 PeV-A1, -A3, -A8, -A17, -A (untyped) sequences with this exact epitope core sequence, which was most dominant among PeV-A1 isolates. These data suggest the first-time isolation of broad range phage display antibodies against human parechoviruses that may be used in diagnostic antibody development.
Application of intentional facial nerve stimulation during cochlear implantation as an electrophysiological tool to estimate the intracochlear electrode position
Authors: Herrmann David P. , Müller-Graff Franz-Tassilo , Kaulitz Stefan , Cebulla Mario , Kurz Anja , Hagen Rudolf , Neun Tilmann , Rak Kristen
Published: August 2022

This proof of concept describes the use of evoked electromyographic (EMG) activation of the facial nerve for intraoperative monitoring of the electrode insertion during cochlear implantation (CI). Intraoperative EMG measurements from the facial nerve were conducted in nine patients undergoing CI implantation. Electric current pulses were emitted from contacts on the CI array during and immediately after electrode insertion. For control, the results of EMG measurements were compared to postoperative flat panel volume computed tomography scans with secondary reconstruction (fpVCTSECO). During insertion, the EMG response evoked by the electrical stimulation from the CI was growing with the stimulating contact approaching the facial nerve and declined with increasing distance. After full insertion, contacts on the apical half of the CI array stimulated higher EMG responses compared with those on the basal half. Comparison with postoperative imaging demonstrated that electrode contacts stimulating high EMG responses had the shortest distances to the facial nerve. It could be demonstrated that electrically evoked EMG activation of the facial nerve can be used to monitor the progress during CI electrode insertion and to control the intracochlear electrode position after full insertion.
Gender dysphoria in twins: a register-based population study
Authors: Karamanis Georgios , Karalexi Maria , White Richard , Frisell Thomas , Isaksson Johan , Skalkidou Alkistis , Papadopoulos Fotios C.
Published: August 2022

Both genetic and environmental influences have been proposed to contribute to the variance of gender identity and development of gender dysphoria (GD), but the magnitude of the effect of each component remains unclear. We aimed to examine the prevalence of GD among twins and non-twin siblings of individuals with GD, using data derived from a large register-based population in Sweden over the period 2001–2016. Register data was collected from the Statistics Sweden and the National Board of Health and Welfare. The outcome of interest was defined as at least four diagnoses of GD or at least one diagnosis followed by gender-affirming treatment. A total of 2592 full siblings to GD cases were registered, of which 67 were twins; age at first GD diagnosis for the probands ranged from 11.2 to 64.2 years. No same-sex twins that both presented with GD were identified during the study period. The proportion of different-sex twins both presenting with GD (37%) was higher than that in same-sex twins (0%, Fisher’s exact test p-value < 0.001) and in non-twin sibling pairs (0.16%). The present findings suggest that familial factors, mainly confined to shared environmental influences during the intrauterine period, seem to contribute to the development of GD.
Anatomic measurement of osseous parameters of the glenoid
Authors: Zhou Jing , Zhong Bin , Qu Rongmei , Qian Lei , Li Zeyu , Liu Chang , Xiao Zhaoming , Xu Guangwei , Liang Haibin , Wei Kuanhai , Ouyang Jun , Dai Jingxing
Published: August 2022

The angle and position of the scapular glenoid are important in shoulder mechanics, the interpretation of diseases, and planning shoulder replacement surgery. In total shoulder replacement, understanding the bony parameters of the glenoid is also of considerable guiding significance for designing implant size and improving material adaptability. To compare glenoid parameters measured from skeletal scapula specimens with those measured by 3D modeling of CT scanning images, analyze correlations between these data, and draw conclusions to guide clinical treatment of shoulder joint injury and total shoulder joint replacement. The data of manual and CT measurements from the same Chinese dry glenoid was compared. Three-dimensional measurement data were collected from the Japanese population and compared with the Chinese population data generated in this study. There were no significant differences between manual measurement and CT measurement in the inclination angle, glenopolar angle, anteroposterior transverse diameter, upper to lower vertical diameter, and depth of the glenoid (P = 0.288, 0.524, 0.111, 0.194, and 0.055, respectively). Further, there were no significant differences between Japanese and Chinese glenoid bones in the upper and lower vertical diameters or anteroposterior transverse diameters (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between CT and manual measurements, suggesting that the CT method may provide measurements very close to the actual specimen size. This result, however, indicated that the measurer should be careful when measuring the depth of the glenoid.
Crosstalk between mucosal microbiota, host gene expression, and sociomedical factors in the progression of colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Namjoo , Gim Jeong-An , Lee Beom Jae , Choi Byung il , Yoon Hee Sook , Kim Seung Han , Joo Moon Kyung , Park Jong-Jae , Kim Chungyeul
Published: August 2022

Various omics-based biomarkers related to the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been identified. In this study, we attempted to identify gut microbiome-based biomarkers and detect their association with host gene expression in the initiation and progression of CRC by integrating analysis of the gut mucosal metagenome, RNA sequencing, and sociomedical factors. We performed metagenome and RNA sequencing on colonic mucosa samples from 13 patients with advanced CRC (ACRC), 10 patients with high-risk adenoma (HRA), and 7 normal control (NC) individuals. All participants completed a questionnaire on sociomedical factors. The interaction and correlation between changes in the microbiome and gene expression were assessed using bioinformatic analysis. When comparing HRA and NC samples, which can be considered to represent the process of tumor initiation, 28 genes and five microbiome species were analyzed with correlation plots. When comparing ACRC and HRA samples, which can be considered to represent the progression of CRC, seven bacterial species and 21 genes were analyzed. When comparing ACRC and NC samples, 16 genes and five bacterial species were analyzed, and four correlation plots were generated. A network visualizing the relationship between bacterial and host gene expression in the initiation and progression of CRC indicated that Clostridium spiroforme and Tyzzerella nexilis were hub bacteria in the development and progression of CRC. Our study revealed the interactions of and correlation between the colonic mucosal microbiome and host gene expression to identify potential roles of the microbiome in the initiation and progression of CRC. Our results provide gut microbiome-based biomarkers that may be potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in patients with CRC.
The chromosome-scale genome sequence of Triadica sebifera provides insight into fatty acids and anthocyanin biosynthesis
Authors: Luo Jie , Ren Wenyu , Cai Guanghua , Huang Liyu , Shen Xin , Li Na , Nie Chaoren , Li Yingang , Wang Nian
Published: August 2022

The Chinese tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) can produce oil with high content of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds and shows attractive leaf color in autumn and winter. Here, the 739 Mb chromosome-scale genome sequence of the Chinese tallow tree was assembled and it reveals the Chinese tallow tree is a tetraploid. Numerous genes related to nutrition assimilation, energy utilization, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and resistance significantly expanded or are specific to the Chinese tallow tree. These genes would enable the Chinese tallow tree to obtain high adaptability. More genes in fatty acids biosynthesis in its genome, especially for unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis, and higher expression of these genes in seeds would be attributed to its high content of unsaturated fatty acids. Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was identified as the major component of anthocyanin in red leaves. All structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis show significantly higher expression in red leaves than in green leaves. Transcription factors, seven MYB and one bHLH, were predicted to regulate these anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Collectively, we provided insight into the polyploidization, high adaptability and biosynthesis of the high content of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds and anthocyanin in leaves for the Chinese tallow tree.
Sample illumination device facilitates in situ light-coupled NMR spectroscopy without fibre optics
Authors: Bramham Jack E. , Golovanov Alexander P.
Published: August 2022

In situ illumination of liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) samples makes it possible for a wide range of light-dependent chemical and biological phenomena to be studied by the powerful analytical technique. However, the position of an NMR sample deep within the bore of the spectrometer magnet renders such illumination challenging. Here, we demonstrate the working principles of a sample illumination device (NMRtorch) where a lighthead containing an LED array is positioned directly at the top of an NMRtorch tube which is inserted into the NMR spectrometer. The wall of the tube itself acts as a light guide, illuminating the sample from the outside. We explore how this new setup performs in a number of photo-NMR applications, including photoisomerisation and photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarisation (photo-CIDNP), and demonstrate the potential for ultraviolet (UV) degradation studies with continuous online NMR assessment. This setup enables users of any typical liquid-state spectrometer to easily perform in situ photo-NMR experiments, using a wide range of wavelengths.
A synoptic bridge linking sea salt aerosol concentrations in East Antarctic snowfall to Australian rainfall
Authors: Udy Danielle G. , Vance Tessa R. , Kiem Anthony S. , Holbrook Neil J.
Published: August 2022

Previous research has shown that aerosol sea salt concentrations (Southern Ocean wind proxy) preserved in the Law Dome ice core (East Antarctica) correlate significantly with subtropical eastern Australian rainfall. However, physical mechanisms underpinning this connection have not been established. Here we use synoptic typing to show that an atmospheric bridge links East Antarctica to subtropical eastern Australia. Increased ice core sea salt concentrations and wetter conditions in eastern Australia are associated with a regional, asymmetric contraction of the mid-latitude westerlies. Decreased ice core sea salt concentrations and drier eastern Australia conditions are associated with an equatorward shift in the mid-latitude westerlies, suggesting greater broad-scale control of eastern Australia climate by southern hemisphere variability than previously assumed. This relationship explains double the rainfall variance compared to El Niño-Southern Oscillation during late spring-summer, highlighting the importance of the Law Dome ice core record as a 2000-year proxy of eastern Australia rainfall variability.
First-principles study of CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid on single-atom catalysts supported on SiO2
Authors: Sun Jikai , Jiang Shuchao , Zhao Yanliang , Wang Honglei , Zhai Dong , Deng Weiqiao , Sun Lei
Published: August 2022

Schematic diagram of hydrogen spillover and CO2 hydrogenation on SiO2 surface.
Immobilization of a trimeric ruthenium cluster in mesoporous chromium terephthalate and its catalytic application
Authors: Sivan Sanil E. , Oh Kyung-Ryul , Yoon Ji-Woong , Yoo Changho , Hwang Young Kyu
Published: August 2022

Ru3 clusters were immobilized within the mesoporous cages of MIL-101(Cr) using diamine as anchoring units. The catalytic activity of isolated Ru3 clusters in the MOF pores was significantly improved compared to the bulk counterpart.
Synthesis and characterization of a double helical dinuclear Zn–salen complex and its application in the detection of nitroaromatics
Authors: Malik Payal , Jain Isha
Published: August 2022

Synthesis of double helical dinuclear Zn–salen complex for the detection of nitroaromatics.
Theoretical insights for generation of terminal metal-oxo species and involvement of the “oxo wall”
Authors: Monika  , Aman  , Ansari Azaj
Published: August 2022

This work is based on a deep insight on the formation of high-valent metal-oxo by the O⋯O bond cleavage of metal hydroperoxo species and our theoretical findings also illustrate the concept “oxo wall”.
Substituted pyridines from isoxazoles: scope and mechanism
Authors: Lee Seokjoo , Jena Rashmi , Odom Aaron L.
Published: August 2022

Isoxazoles, enamines, TiCl4(THF)2, and Ti powder can efficiently make a variety of pyridine derivatives. DFT investigation of the mechanism suggests a possible pathway involving ring-opening followed by amine loss.
Triangulo-{ErIII3} complex showing field supported slow magnetic relaxation
Authors: Gebrezgiabher Mamo , Schlittenhardt Sören , Rajnák Cyril , Kuchár Juraj , Sergawie Assefa , Černák Juraj , Ruben Mario , Thomas Madhu , Boča Roman
Published: August 2022

The triangulo-{Er3} complex [Er3Cl(o-van)3(OH)2(H2O)5]Cl3·nH2O (n = 9.4; H(o-van) = o-vanillin) (1) was generated by an in situ method.
Guided inquiry-based learning in secondary-school chemistry classes: a case study
Authors: Orosz Gábor , Németh Veronika , Kovács Lajos , Somogyi Zoltán , Korom Erzsébet
Published: August 2022

Guided inquiry-based learning has been shown to be a promising method for science education; however, despite its advantages it is rarely used in chemistry teaching in Hungary. One of the reasons for this is the lack of tried-and-tested inquiry-based teaching materials with detailed guides that teachers can readily use in their classrooms. As part of a four-year research project, new teaching materials were designed to foster scientific reasoning and scientific process skills in chemistry education in Hungary. From these materials, in this study, a guided inquiry-based chemistry task was tested with 9th-grade students (N = 88) who had no previous experience with the method. Before the activity, the students’ mid-term grades were collected, and the Lawson Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning (LCTSR) was administered to describe the sample. During the activity, students worked in groups (n = 21). Data were collected through content analysis of the student worksheets, classroom observations using a rubric, and student questionnaires to explore the learning paths and identify possible obstacles. Our findings support that guided inquiry learning is suitable for students who are new to the method if appropriate scaffolding is given. The data showed the phases of the inquiry cycle in which more guidance is necessary. Formulating hypotheses, recording observations, and evaluating the hypotheses based on the evidence were found to be the most critical steps in the learning process. More than half of the groups disregarded the collected evidence and accepted their original hypotheses, despite their unproven validity, suggesting that they did not understand the true nature of the scientific inquiry. Chemistry grades and the LCTSR scores could not predict reliably the students’ success in solving the inquiry task. The results of the student questionnaire showed that the students enjoyed the inquiry session. They mostly found their work successful, but they overestimated the level of their inquiry skills in some cases.
On the road to open scholarship in 2022
Authors: Legge Malavika , Hoogendoorn Ciaran
Published: August 2022

The Biochemical Society and Portland Press are committed to open scholarship. In 2020 we launched our Unlimited Read & Publish programme. This article summarizes the progress that has been made since then and explores the effect that our transitioning sales offerings have had on paywalls to published content. The share of content in our transitioning (hybrid) journals published open access (OA) is the highest it has ever been and continues to increase as more institutions take up transformative agreements with us each year. Open data and clear communication are key parts of the on-going transition, and progress with publishing workflows and data availability have been made. With over 40% of 2021’s published content in hybrid journals converted to OA, the Biochemical Society and Portland Press are also actively scoping future models. For this, we are seeking sustainable and collaborative pathways to completing our transition in a way that is globally equitable and inclusive.
Cultural Adaptation of Parent-Implemented Early Communication Interventions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Albin Maya , Micsinszki Samantha , Phoenix Michelle
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Parent-implemented early communication interventions are commonly delivered to culturally and linguistically diverse families. Although there is evidence from fields such as public health or psychology, there is little guidance regarding what elements to culturally adapt for parent-implemented speech-language pathology interventions. This scoping review addresses this gap by identifying parent-implemented early communication interventions that have been culturally adapted and describing which intervention components were adapted. Definitions of culture, use of adaptation frameworks, and adaptation guidelines, policies, and recommendations are also reported.

Method:

The databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase via OVID were searched. Supplementary search methods, including hand-searching of references and a gray literature search, were also conducted. Covidence software was used to deduplicate, collate, and review articles. Population, intervention, study, and cultural adaptation data were extracted and synthesized using the Ecological Validity Framework.

Results:

Twenty-one articles were included from the database and supplementary searches. No studies defined culture, and only three used cultural adaptation models or frameworks to guide adaptation. Studies varied greatly in what they adapted; language adaptations, such as translation, were conducted most frequently, and intervention goals were rarely adapted. Only three studies obtained parent feedback to inform cultural adaptation for future recommendations.

Conclusions:

More clarity in the reporting of cultural adaptation for communication interventions is required. Cultural adaptation frameworks are useful tools to guide adaptation but can be difficult to operationalize. Additional research in this area is necessary to help clinicians provide culturally responsive, parent-implemented communication interventions.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20416107
Interpretation and Use of Standardized Language Assessments for Diverse School-Age Individuals
Authors: Girolamo Teresa , Ghali Samantha , Campos Ivan , Ford Andrea
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The ultimate aim of an assessment is to help examiners make valid conclusions about an individual's skill given their performance on a particular measure. However, assessing the language abilities of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) individuals requires researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the appropriateness of traditional parameters of test psychometrics (e.g., reliability, or consistency of assessments as measurement)
plus
the intersectional identities that inform the generalizability of these parameters. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide clinicians and researchers with resources to interpret and use common standardized language assessments in English for CLD school-age youth. We present theories from psychometrics, legal studies, and education relevant to language assessment of diverse individuals, review standardized language assessments in English, and provide theory-to-practice applications of language assessment scenarios.

Conclusions:

Implementing intersectional approaches in working with diverse children and using assessment scores as just one piece of evidence amid a broader evidence base will contribute to a more accurate evaluation of CLD children's language abilities. A comprehensive approach involving multiple stakeholders across the field of communication sciences and disorders may support achieving such implementation.
Galaxy morphoto-Z with neural Networks (GaZNets)
Authors: Li Rui , Napolitano Nicola R. , Feng Haicheng , Li Ran , Amaro Valeria , Xie Linghua , Tortora Crescenzo , Bilicki Maciej , Brescia Massimo , Cavuoti Stefano , Radovich Mario
Published: August 2022

Aims.In the era of large sky surveys, photometric redshifts (photo-z) represent crucial information for galaxy evolution and cosmology studies. In this work, we propose a new machine learning (ML) tool called Galaxy morphoto-Z with neural Networks (GaZNet-1), which uses both images and multi-band photometry measurements to predict galaxy redshifts, with accuracy, precision and outlier fraction superior to standard methods based on photometry only.

Methods.As a first application of this tool, we estimate photo-zfor a sample of galaxies in the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS). GaZNet-1 is trained and tested on ∼140 000 galaxies collected from KiDS Data Release 4 (DR4), for which spectroscopic redshifts are available from different surveys. This sample is dominated by bright (MAG_AUTO < 21) and low-redshift (z <  0.8) systems; however, we could use ∼6500 galaxies in the range 0.8 <  z <  3 to effectively extend the training to higher redshift. The inputs are ther-band galaxy images plus the nine-band magnitudes and colors from the combined catalogs of optical photometry from KiDS and near-infrared photometry from the VISTA Kilo-degree Infrared survey.

Results.By combining the images and catalogs, GaZNet-1 can achieve extremely high precision in normalized median absolute deviation (NMAD = 0.014 for lower redshift and NMAD = 0.041 for higher redshift galaxies) and a low fraction of outliers (0.4% for lower and 1.27% for higher redshift galaxies). Compared to ML codes using only photometry as input, GaZNet-1 also shows a ∼10%−35% improvement in precision at different redshifts and a ∼45% reduction in the fraction of outliers. We finally discuss the finding that, by correctly separating galaxies from stars and active galactic nuclei, the overall photo-zoutlier fraction of galaxies can be cut down to 0.3%.
Einfluss der Kommerzialisierung von Hämodialysezentren auf die Sterblichkeit: eine Kohortenstudie aus Taiwan
Authors: Alscher Mark Dominik
Published: August 2022

Liu und Kollegen berichten in einer retrospektiven Kohortenstudie basierend auf den Daten des landesweiten Nierenregisters von Taiwan über 76 483 Dialysepatienten, die im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2012 behandelt wurden. Zur Fragestellung, ob eine Profitorientierung bei der Trägerschaft der Einheit einen Einfluss auf die Sterblichkeit haben könnte, wurden die Patienten in profitorientiert und nichtprofitorientiert der Trägerschaft eingeteilt. Es wurden nur Hämodialysepatienten eingeschlossen. Private Dialyseeinheiten und öffentlich geförderte Dialyseeinheiten wurden ausgeschlossen.
Osteosynthese bei proximaler Oberarmkopffraktur: Unterfütterung mittels Knochenblock (Bovist) bei der Plattenosteosynthese
Authors: Kralinger Franz , Hengg Clemens
Published: August 2022

Fehlende mediale Rekonstruierbarkeit aufgrund von Trümmerzonen bzw. Substanzdefekten nach Varusfrakturen durch das „Aushöhlen des Kopffragmentes“ können kopferhaltend mithilfe eines
Allografts mechanisch stabil versorgt werden. In diesem Artikel wird die Technik mittels „Bovist“ beschrieben. Sie ist unserer Ansicht nach technisch einfacher als die Rekonstruktion mittels
eines Fibula-Allografts und bietet den Vorteil, dass der Schaft für spätere Revisionen nicht langstreckig durch die eingeheilte Fibula verschlossen ist. Der Name leitet sich von der Pilzform
des Knochenblocks ab, der sich im proximalen Schaft selbst verankert und das Kopffragment ruht mechanisch stabil auf seinem „Schirm“. Der Artikel fokussiert sich auf die operative Technik
und liefert die relevante Literatur.
Frakturprothetik an der Schulter - nur noch invers?
Authors: Plecko Michael , Schwarz Angelika
Published: August 2022

Frakturen am proximalen Humerus sind häufige Verletzungen und ihre Behandlung stellt insbesondere bei alten Patient*innen mit erheblicher Osteoporose weiterhin eine große Herausforderung
dar. In den letzten 10 Jahren hat neben der konservativen Therapie und der Osteosynthese der Gelenkersatz mittels inverser Schultertotalendoprothese in der Frakturbehandlung stark an
Bedeutung gewonnen. Eine im Vergleich zur Hemiprothese einfachere Operationstechnik und der Umstand, dass ein Einheilen der Tubercula zwar erstrebenswert, im Gegensatz zur Hemiprothese für
eine brauchbare Funktion jedoch nicht zwingend notwendig ist, haben in manchen Abteilungen dazu geführt, dass die inverse Schultertotalendoprothese die Hemiprothese in der Frakturbehandlung
völlig verdrängt hat. Dennoch verbleiben spezielle Fälle, die auch heute noch einer Frakturhemiprothese bedürfen, sodass diese anspruchsvolle Operationstechnik und die wesentlichen Details,
die für ein gutes funktionelles Ergebnis unumgänglich sind, auch weiterhin gepflegt und gelehrt werden müssen. Sowohl für die inverse Schultertotalendoprothese als auch für die
Frakturhemiprothese sind spezielle Frakturdesigns in zementierter Form zu bevorzugen. Weiterhin ist eine möglichst anatomische Einheilung der Tubercula durch eine ausgereifte
Refixationstechnik anzustreben. Beide Prothesentypen haben weiterhin ihren festen Platz im Versorgungsspektrum proximaler Humerusfrakturen, wenngleich sich die Wertigkeiten deutlich
zugunsten der inversen Schultertotalendoprothese verschoben haben.
Gemeinnützigkeit in der Dialyseversorgung
Authors: Vorholt Anne Große , Galle Jan
Published: August 2022

Die gemeinnützige Stiftung Patienten-Heimversorgung (PHV) ist seit ihrer Gründung im Jahr 1973 in der Dialyseversorgung engagiert und im deutschen Dialysemarkt fest etabliert. Sie zählt – neben dem KfH Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation e. V. – zu den führenden gemeinnützigen Dialyseanbietern in Deutschland. Die PHV versteht sich als Partner, insbesondere auch von niedergelassenen nephrologischen Facharztpraxen, und erbringt die für die Dialysebehandlung erforderlichen Sach- und Dienstleistungen, einschließlich des Personaleinsatzes in der Pflege. Die Digitalisierung sieht die Stiftung als große Chance. Ziel der PHV ist es, mithilfe digitaler Prozesse die administrativen Tätigkeiten und Abläufe in ihren Dialysezentren so effizient wie möglich zu gestalten, um ihre Pflegekräfte in diesem Bereich zu entlasten.
Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) for Severe Verrucous Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy with Uncommon Clinical and Ultrastructural Findings
Authors: Berger Tim , Seitz Berthold , Löw Ursula , Flockerzi Fidelis , Schlötzer-Schrehardt Ursula , Daas Loay
Published: August 2022

Purpose To report a case of severe verrucous posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) and cataract, which was treated with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and simultaneous cataract surgery as a triple procedure (Triple-DMEK).

Methods A 62-year-old female patient presented to our department for co-evaluation of advanced PPCD with cataract and progressive light sensitivity in both eyes. The clinical examination demonstrated unusual clinical findings with prominent verrucous lesions on the posterior surface of the cornea without corneal decompensation. We performed a Triple-DMEK in case of simultaneous cataract. The corneal tissue was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy.

Results Intraoperatively, it was difficult to remove the verrucous structures completely after classical descemetorhexis. Light microscopic examination demonstrated epithelium-like transformation of the corneal endothelium by immunostaining (cytokeratin AE1/3 staining). Transmission electron microscopy revealed thickening of Descemetʼs membrane (18.5 to 30.0 µm). The anterior banded layer had a normal structure and was slightly thickened (3.5 to 5.5 µm). A normal posterior non-banded layer (PNBL) was observed but thinned (2.5 to 4.0 µm) or missing. It was followed by an altered PNBL with abnormal fibrillary inclusions, which was strongly and variably thickened (11.0 to 24.5 µm). The corneal endothelium was degenerated, partially absent, and epithelial-like altered. The nodular lesions were found to consist of a few degenerated cells that were embedded in an amorphous extracellular matrix interspersed with collagen fibers, which were not arranged in regular lamellae,
forming the corneal stroma. The occurrence of pigment granules among the cellular debris suggested that the cells were endothelial cells. The corrected distance visual acuity improved from 20/50 to 20/30 in the right eye (+ 0.00/− 1.75/157°) and from 20/60 to 20/30 in the left eye (+ 0.00/− 1.75/33°), with significant improvement in light sensitivity.

Conclusion The clinical and ultrastructural findings seem to be an unusual variant of the typical characteristic appearance of a PPCD. This case demonstrates that Triple-DMEK is feasible even in very advanced dystrophic changes of the posterior corneal surface, with good morphological and functional results.
Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege 2022
Authors: Schäfer Christian
Published: August 2022

Die Thieme Gruppe schreibt im Jahr 2022 wieder den Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege aus und stiftet das Preisgeld von 1500 Euro.
Kurse der Nephrologischen WBS-Ulm
Authors: Bundschu Marion
Published: August 2022

Informationen zu den Veranstaltungen finden Sie auf www.wbs-ulm.de.
Through-the-scope suture closure of peroral endoscopic myotomy mucosal incision sites
Authors: Zhang Linda Yun , Bejjani Michael , Ghandour Bachir , Khashab Mouen A.
Published: August 2022

Background Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is now widely used for esophageal motility disorders including achalasia. Closure of the mucosal incision site is a critical step of the procedure. We evaluated the use of a novel through-the-scope (TTS) suture system for closure of POEM mucosal incision sites.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent POEM with TTS suture closure at our institution between February and July 2021. Technical success was defined as complete mucosal incision site closure using TTS suturing, without the need for adjunctive devices. Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range [IQR]) or mean (SD).

Results 35 consecutive patients (median age 58 years [IQR 46.5–72]; 54.3 % female) underwent POEM with attempted mucosal closure by TTS suturing. Technical success was achieved in 32 patients (91.4 %) with a mean closure time of 12.4 (SD 6.9) minutes. The median mucosal incision length at time of closure was 2.5 cm (IQR 2–2.5). Overall, 17 patients (53.1 %) required ≥ 2 TTS suture systems and 3 patients (8.6 %) required additional TTS clips to achieve secure mucosal closure. No adverse events were encountered.

Conclusions TTS suturing was effective and safe for POEM mucosotomy closure. However, prospective comparative trials and cost-effectiveness analyses are warranted before routine adoption.
Burns in Israel: Etiologic, Demographic, and Clinical trends—A 9-Year Updated Comprehensive Study, 2004–2010 versus 2011–2019
Authors: Cohen-Manheim Irit , Harats Moti , Goldman Sharon , Beylin Dmitry , Haik Josef , Bodas Moran , Givon Adi , Kornhaber Rachel , Hayun Yehiel , Cleary Michelle , Hilewitz Daniel , Tessone Ariel ,   Israel Trauma Group
Published: August 2022

Based on the Israeli National Trauma Registry (INTR) data, this study reports etiological, demographic, and clinical trends and includes all admissions to burn and trauma centers across Israel from 2011 to 2019 and compares these with 2004 to 2010 rates. From 2011 to 2019, 5,710 patients were admitted to burn centers across Israel. Children aged 0 to 1 years (25.9%), non-Jews (40.7%), and males (67.2%) remain the main groups of the burn casualties. Most of the casualties sustained 1 to 9% total body surface area (TBSA) burns with various depths. Scalds were less fatal than fire/flame-related casualties (<1 vs. 11.5%). Fewer surgical procedures were conducted for burns under 9% TBSA compared with greater TBSA. The percentage of TBSA and burn depth were found to be the most significant predictor of mortality among all age groups (>200 times increased risk with full-thickness burns >30% TBSA burn) and correlated with prolonged length of stay (>7 days).
The Impact of the Syrian Civil War on One Department in an Israeli Hospital
Authors: Sagi Omer I. , Ohana Nissan , Appel Richard , Kogan Leonid
Published: August 2022

During the Syrian civil war, Syrian refugees crossed the Israeli border to receive medical treatment. During this time, Galilee Medical Center (GMC) became the main center for multidisciplinary treatment of these war-wounded patients. This retrospective study compares the demographics of local Israeli and refugee Syrian patients, as well as the volume and types of procedures each group received over a 5-year period. From January 2013 to December 2017, 963 unique patients underwent 1,751 procedures in the GMC Plastic Surgery Department. Of these patients, 176 were Syrian—including 42 children—and 787 were Israeli. These groups underwent 393 and 1,358 procedures, respectively, for a procedure-per-patient ratio of 2.23 versus 1.72, respectively. On average, Syrian patients tended to be younger than Israeli patients (23.6 vs. 49.25 years), had longer median hospitalization time (50 vs. 8 days), longer median operative times (102 vs. 85 minutes), and higher incidence of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria (52.2 vs. 5.8%). Further, Syrian patients had more trauma-related procedures, such as skin grafts, wound debridement, and microsurgery, than Israeli patients. Through this process, GMC's plastic surgery department gained unprecedented exposure to a variety of complex procedures.
The role of breakup and coalescence in fine-scale bubble-induced turbulence. I. Dynamics
Authors: Paul I. , Fraga B. , Dodd M. S. , Lai C. C. K.
Published: August 2022

We study the effect of bubble breakup and coalescence on fine-scale dynamics of bubbly turbulent flows using direct numerical simulations. We perform two different simulations of dilute bubbly flows of void fraction 0.5%: one with bubbles breaking up and coalescing and the other without these physical processes. The volume of the fluid method is used for simulating bubbles undergoing breakup and coalescence while the bubbles are treated as rigid spheres in the immersed boundary method simulation. The energy spectrum in both types of simulation, consistent with previous studies, exhibits a −3 slope. We follow a single infinitesimal fluid element as it evolves to understand velocity gradient dynamics using conditional mean trajectories. We note finite-time divergence when the fluid element evolves under the action of inertial and pressure dynamics. The inertial, pressure, and viscous velocity gradient dynamics, when considered individually, produce the same results for bubble-induced turbulence (BIT) as with the classical homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT). Yet when the overall velocity gradient dynamics is considered, BIT results in non-cyclic trajectories moving toward stable node and unstable saddle while classical HIT shows cyclic behavior in their trajectories that move toward the origin. Interestingly, both the volume of fluid and immersed boundary simulations produce similar results. Therefore, there are two main takeaways from this research. First, new velocity gradient models are needed for BIT as their velocity gradients behavior is entirely different from the HIT. Second, we can neglect the bubble topology, breakup, and coalescence while studying or modeling the fine-scale dynamics of BIT.
Effects of compressibility and wetting on the liquid–vapor transition in a confined fluid
Authors: Caupin Frédéric
Published: August 2022

When a fluid is constrained to a fixed, finite volume, the conditions for liquid–vapor equilibrium are different from those for the infinite volume or constant pressure cases. There is even a range of densities for which no bubble can form, and the liquid at a pressure below the bulk saturated vapor pressure remains indefinitely stable. As the fluid density in mineral inclusions is often derived from the temperature of bubble disappearance, a correction for the finite volume effect is required. Previous works have explained these phenomena and proposed a numerical procedure to compute the correction for pure water in a container completely wet by the liquid phase. Here, we revisit these works and provide an analytic formulation valid for any fluid, including the case of partial wetting. We introduce the Berthelot–Laplace length λ = 2γκ/3, which combines the liquid isothermal compressibility κ and its surface tension γ. The quantitative effects are fully captured by a single, nondimensional parameter: the ratio of λ to the container size.
Unified creeping model identifying the critical state of granular materials
Authors: Tong L. H. , Wu B. N. , Lei Z. X. , Xu C. J.
Published: August 2022

The mechanical properties of granular materials at a low shear rate are frequently viewed as rate-independent, and a rate-independent constitutive relation is used to describe the mechanical behaviors of the granular material. However, time-dependent behaviors (or creeping behaviors) become significant in the long run. In this paper, we conduct triaxial experiments to observe the creep of granular materials under both dynamic and static loading conditions. Three typical creeping behaviors, aging, transitional, and fluidic, have been observed. To describe the time-dependent behaviors, an internal state variable characterizing the fluidity of the granular system is introduced to propose a rate-dependent constitutive relation which we call in this paper, a state evolution model. A characteristic strain is also introduced into the model to account for the influences of historic strain on the current state. The experiments are analyzed using the proposed model and it has been found that our model can well discern the observed three creeping behaviors. A criterion to identify the stability of a granular system is also given out based on the proposed model. Two key factors dominating the stability of the granular system are recognized – shear wave velocity and critical velocity. Our laboratory experiments in combination with the proposed criterion offer a physical explanation of the intrinsic triggering mechanism of system evolution from a stable to fluidic state: decrease in wave velocity or/and critical velocity.
Streamline penetration, velocity error, and consequences of the feedback immersed boundary method
Authors: Huang Qiuxiang , Liu Zhengliang , Wang Li , Ravi Sridhar , Young John , Lai Joseph C. S. , Tian Fang-Bao
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a study on streamline penetration, velocity error, and consequences of a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) solver based on the feedback immersed boundary method (IBM). In the FSI solver, the fluid dynamics is solved by the lattice Boltzmann method; the solid structure deformation is solved by the finite difference method and the finite element method for two- and three-dimensional cases, respectively; and the feedback IBM is used to realize the interaction between the fluid and the structure. The IBM is implemented in non-iterative and iterative ways. For the non-iterative version, two types of integration are discussed: without and with velocity prediction step. Five benchmark cases are simulated to study the performance of the three implementations: a uniform flow over a cylinder, flow-induced vibration of a flexible plate attached behind a stationary cylinder in a channel, flow through a two-dimensional asymmetric stenosis, a one-sided collapsible channel, and a three-dimensional collapsible tube. Results show that both the IBM with prediction step, the iterative IBM, and one iteration IBM with proper feedback coefficients can suppress the spurious flow penetration on the solid wall. While the velocity error does not significantly affect the force production and structure deformation for external flows, reducing it significantly improves the prediction of the force distribution and structure deformation for internal flows. In addition, the iterative IBM with smaller feedback coefficient has better numerical stability. This work will provide an important guideline for the correct use of the feedback IBMs.