bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing SIMD execution in HW/SW co-designed processors
Authors:   , Kumar Rakesh
Published: July 2023

SIMD accelerators are ubiquitous in microprocessors from different computing domains. Their high compute power and hardware simplicity improve overall performance in an energy efficient manner. Moreover, their replicated functional units and simple control mechanism make them amenable to scaling to higher vector lengths. However, code generation for these accelerators has been a challenge from the days of their inception. Compilers generate vector code conservatively to ensure correctness. As a result they lose significant vectorization opportunities and fail to extract maximum benefits out of SIMD accelerators.
This thesis proposes to vectorize the program binary at runtime in a speculative manner, in addition to the compile time static vectorization. There are different environments that support runtime profiling and optimization support required for dynamic vectorization, one of most prominent ones being: 1) Dynamic Binary Translators and Optimizers (DBTO) and 2) Hardware/Software (HW/SW) Co-designed Processors. HW/SW co-designed environment provides several advantages over DBTOs like transparent incorporations of new hardware features, binary compatibility, etc. Therefore, we use HW/SW co-designed environment to assess the potential of speculative dynamic vectorization.
Furthermore, we analyze vector code generation for wider vector units and find out that even though SIMD accelerators are amenable to scaling from the hardware point of view, vector code generation at higher vector length is even more challenging. The two major factors impeding vectorization for wider SIMD units are: 1) Reduced dynamic instruction stream coverage for vectorization and 2) Large number of permutation instructions. To solve the first problem we propose Variable Length Vectorization that iteratively vectorizes for multiple vector lengths to improve dynamic instruction stream coverage. Secondly, to reduce the number of permutation instructions we propose Selective Writing that selectively writes to different parts of a vector register and avoids permutations.
Finally, we tackle the problem of leakage energy in SIMD accelerators. Since SIMD accelerators consume significant amount of real estate on the chip, they become the principle source of leakage if not utilized judiciously. Power gating is one of the most widely used techniques to reduce leakage energy of functional units. However, power gating has its own energy and performance overhead associated with it. We propose to selectively devectorize the vector code when higher SIMD lanes are used intermittently. This selective devectorization keeps the higher SIMD lanes idle and power gated for maximum duration. Therefore, resulting in overall leakage energy reduction.
Designs for increasing reliability while reducing energy and increasing lifetime
Authors:   , Yalcin Gulay
Published: July 2023

In the last decades, the computing technology experienced tremendous developments. For instance, transistors' feature size shrank to half at every two years as consistently from the first time Moore stated his law. Consequently, number of transistors and core count per chip doubles at each generation. Similarly, petascale systems that have the capability of processing more than one billion calculation per second have been developed. As a matter of fact, exascale systems are predicted to be available at year 2020.
However, these developments in computer systems face a reliability wall. For instance, transistor feature sizes are getting so small that it becomes easier for high-energy particles to temporarily flip the state of a memory cell from 1-to-0 or 0-to-1. Also, even if we assume that fault-rate per transistor stays constant with scaling, the increase in total transistor and core count per chip will significantly increase the number of faults for future desktop and exascale systems. Moreover, circuit ageing is exacerbated due to increased manufacturing variability and thermal stresses, therefore, lifetime of processor structures are becoming shorter.
On the other side, due to the limited power budget of the computer systems such that mobile devices, it is attractive to scale down the voltage. However, when the voltage level scales to beyond the safe margin especially to the ultra-low level, the error rate increases drastically.
Nevertheless, new memory technologies such as NAND flashes present only limited amount of nominal lifetime, and when they exceed this lifetime, they can not guarantee storing of the data correctly leading to data retention problems.
Due to these issues, reliability became a first-class design constraint for contemporary computing in addition to power and performance. Moreover, reliability even plays increasingly important role when computer systems process sensitive and life-critical information such as health records, financial information, power regulation, transportation, etc.
In this thesis, we present several different reliability designs for detecting and correcting errors occurring in processor pipelines, L1 caches and non-volatile NAND flash memories due to various reasons. We design reliability solutions in order to serve three main purposes. Our first goal is to improve the reliability of computer systems by detecting and correcting random and non-predictable errors such as bit flips or ageing errors. Second, we aim to reduce the energy consumption of the computer systems by allowing them to operate reliably at ultra-low voltage level. Third, we target to increase the lifetime of new memory technologies by implementing efficient and low-cost reliability schemes.
Alfabetización En Salud Y Calidad De Vida De Los Estudiantes De La Universidad Nacional Del Centro Del Perú – Huancayo En El Año 2020
Authors:   , Casallo Poma Marco Antonio
Published: July 2023

OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación existente entre la alfabetización en salud y la calidad de vida de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú – Huancayo en el año 2020. METODOLOGÍA: Investigación observacional, transversal, analítica, prospectiva, se realizó una encuesta en línea transversal anónima entre 371 estudiantes del pregrado de la universidad nacional del centro del Perú en Huancayo en el periodo 2020, los participantes fueron reclutados mediante muestreo estratificado para poblaciones finitas. La alfabetización en salud y la calidad de vida se midieron mediante una escala validada y se cuantificaron mediante dos escalas Likert de cuatro puntos con la alfabetización en salud y cinco puntos con la calidad de vida clasificadas como baja, media o alta. Para probar la relación entre la alfabetización en salud y la calidad de vida se empleó la fórmula estadística de la Prueba de Correlación Rho Spearman. RESULTADOS: De 371 estudiantes encuestados 255 (69%) fueron varones, y 116 (31%) mujeres, hubo una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones de alfabetización en salud y calidad de vida entre los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud y las demás áreas formativas, el 50% de los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud poseen una alfabetización en salud de nivel alto y un 50% poseen una calidad de vida de nivel alto, a diferencia con las demás áreas formativas quienes poseen porcentajes tanto en alfabetización en salud y en calidad de vida de nivel alto entre 1% al 5%, de ellas el área con los puntajes más bajos fue de ciencias agrarias con nivel medio de alfabetización en salud 32% y 70% calidad de vida, un nivel bajo de 68% en alfabetización en salud y 30% en calidad de vida y no existiendo nivel alto. Los resultados de las relaciones mostraron que la alfabetización en salud se asoció positivamente con la calidad de vida de la muestra total, Para dicho tratamiento estadístico se empleó la fórmula de la Prueba de Correlación Rho Spearman, la muestra de estudio arrojó una (rho = 0,69). Este resultado explica una correlación moderada y significativa entre las dos variables estudiadas y este patrón persistió con cada área formativa. CONCLUSIONES: Determinamos que la alfabetización en salud se relaciona directa y significativamente con la calidad de vida, podemos decir que a mayor nivel de alfabetización en salud mayor es el nivel de calidad de vida y viceversa, así mismo estos resultados representan muchas veces obstáculos para el VI desarrollo de capacidades y habilidades para el uso de información, mejor participación y gestión sobre la vida de los estudiantes de esta universidad. Este es uno de los primeros estudios que investiga el papel de la alfabetización en salud en la calidad de vida entre estudiantes universitarios en Perú.
Estudio de la vulnerabilidad a la autolesión en menores de 05 años con trastorno de espectro autista, atendidos en el hospital nacional Hipólito Unanue, durante el año 2017
Authors:   , Morales Ledesma Chris Kelly
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Identificar la vulnerabilidad a la autolesión relacionado con niños menores de 05 años diagnosticados con trastorno de espectro autista, atendidos en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (HNHU),durante el año 2017. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, Correlacional, de carácter retrospectivo, desde el 1º de enero del 2017 hasta 31 de diciembre del 2017, en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, cuya población está compuesta por niños con diagnóstico de Trastorno de espectro autista menores de 05 años vulnerables a la autolesión atendidos en el servicio de Psiquiatría, el instrumento utilizado fue la ficha de recolección de datos mediante la historia clínica, introduciendo al programa Excel 2010 y analizando con el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 23. Resultados: De los 69 pacientes con trastorno de espectro autista del estudio el (77%) presentan conductas autolesivas y el (23%) son pacientes que eliminaron estos comportamientos bajo tratamiento y terapia médica, así mismo se obtuvo predominio de vulnerabilidad a la autolesión en mayor proporción en el sexo masculino (76.92%) . Conclusiones: Se concluye que existe asociación entre la vulnerabilidad a la autolesión en niños con diagnóstico de trastorno de espectro autista, siendo el sexo masculino el de mayor rango, los tipos de lesión (golpes) más frecuentes y los trastornos del desarrollo coinciden con los que presentan estos infantes.
Discriminación remunerativa y desigualdad salarial entre hombres y mujeres en el sector textil del emporio de Gamarra, La Victoria 2021
Authors:   , Zenteno Casas Dulce Lady
Published: July 2023

Actualmente, se ha observado que, en el ámbito nacional, aún persisten desigualdades sociales, económicas, culturales, entre hombres y mujeres, que de alguna manera dificultan el progreso de estas últimas, a pesar de que, en los últimos años, se ha podio visualizar como han escalado posiciones importantes en diversas áreas profesionales. En base a ello, este trabajo tiene como objetivo, conocer en qué medida la normatividad vigente se relaciona significativamente con la reducción de la desigualdad salarial de los trabajadores del sector textil del emporio de Gamarra. Para ello, se ha tomado en cuenta un tipo de investigación correlacional, de diseño no experimental y corte longitudinal. Todo ello, en el marco de una investigación cualitativa. Asimismo, para el levantamiento de datos, se aplicó como instrumento un cuestionario previamente validado, donde la muestra representativa de la población estuvo conformada por 50 trabajadores directamente afectados, que laboran en el emporio comercial de Gamarra, en el distrito de La Victoria. Una vez alcanzado los resultados se llegó a concluir que un porcentaje de los encuestados tienen conocimiento de la existencia de una ley que busca reducir la discriminación remunerativa de hombres y mujeres en el Perú, sin embargo, otro porcentaje señaló que las empresas mypes, donde laboran no aplican y difunden, esta normatividad referida respecto a la discriminación remunerativa. En este orden de ideas, también se pudo observar y verificar que nunca existió interés en las autoridades del país, en poder erradicar y fomentar la reducción de la desigualdad remunerativa y hacer prevalecer el cumplimiento de la norma antes mencionada. Concluyendo así, que existe discriminación remunerativa y desigualdad salarial, entre hombres y mujeres en en el emporio comercial de Gamarra.
Estudio de Citotoxicidad de Redes Metal-Orgánicas
Authors: del Rio Gonzalez Eduardo Jesus , Pino Estévez Verónica
Published: July 2023

Las redes metal-orgánicas han sido objeto de estudio en los últimos años pero todavía conocemos muy poco del potencial que tienen, en este estudio se investiga la toxicidad que pueden tener estas redes en los organismos
Análisis Topológico de Datos en la Clasificación Automática de Fallos en Redes de Comunicaciones
Authors: Romero Alba Sergio , Barco Moreno Raquel
Published: July 2023

Se propone un método basado en homología persistente para la estimación del número de clusters en dos tipos de problemas de clasificación no supervisada recurrentes en el paradigma SON de gestión de redes de comunicaciones celulares.
Teleradiology in Tripura: Effectiveness of a Telehealth Model for the Rural Health Sector
Authors: Kalyanpur Arjun , Meka Srinivas , Joshi Kishor , Somashekaran Nair Harish Thirumanassril , Mathur Neetika
Published: July 2023

With the aim of facilitating early diagnosis and improving health care outcomes in the rural areas of northeast India, Teleradiology Solutions in Bangalore, Karnataka established an alliance with 26 Community Healthcare Centers (CHC), District (DH), and Sub-district (SDH) hospitals located over 3000 km away in Tripura. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images of radiographs of patients from the sites were uploaded to a cloud-based Radiology Information System and Picture Archiving and Communication System (RIS-PACS) for interpretation by expert radiologists at a Teleradiology reporting hub in Bangalore. Over a period of 3 years, starting from January 2018, 78622 studies were interpreted via teleradiology. All age groups and study types were included. The mean turnaround time (TAT) for the report to reach the site once the images had been received in Bangalore for all studies was 3.19 hours (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.22 - 3.16). This meant that patients could consult their physician with the report on the same day, enabling delivery of optimal care at the same visit. We conclude that teleradiology has proven to be a value-added service in rural healthcare in the remote North East of India.
Design and Developing a Device for Migraine Treatment: A Review
Authors: Yadav Bhumika , Kandisa Ravi V. , Chekuri Dilip K. , Pande Abhay
Published: July 2023

Migraine is usually somatosensory input to the head involving pseudo-unipolar trigeminal and upper cervical branches. It is a very common disorder involving visual perception difficulties, thereby causing cognitive decline. Advancement in migraine treatment is always a crucial point of research for every neuro-ophthalmologist.Results: Many novel treatment approaches have received Food and Drug Administration approvals for well-outlined therapies in migraine treatment. In this review, we summarize this treatment methodology and prototype a device that can cater to the limitations of already available migraine treatment devices in the market. Many novel and stirring therapies continue to evolve for the therapy of migraine. Though highly advanced and sophisticated, this therapy gets knock-down due to many limitations. This limitation renders them from being effective. Being on track with this commonly occurring disorder is important in reducing the disability from it.
Importance of Hospital Furniture in Modern Medical Facilities
Authors: Zaman Mufaiz-Ul- , Zaman Rasiya-Ul-
Published: July 2023

Hospital furniture is an essential part of medical care for hospitals. It includes trolleys, side screens and beds to name just a few. Medical devices alongside modern furnishings have played an important role within health care ever since its inception. Hospital Furniture is one thing that every hospital must possess. The hospitals are committed to ensuring that patients feel comfortable and safe during their treatments, which is why they use advanced furniture technology in all their clinical settings. Medical examination of patients is a crucial part in diagnosing them, and ICU hospital furniture helps to ensure the safety for critical ill people. Clinical furnishings thus have immense variety applications which can be found at any medical facility. Hospital furniture is a necessary and important part of any healthcare system. It can make or break the quality care patients receive while hospitalized, so its design must be top notch. From beds to stretchers, even medical carts, there are numerous types that each has their own specific purpose in mind for hospital use which will help you provide comfort as well maintain safety on both sides with ease. Furniture is essential for creating a comfortable and welcoming environment. It’s also necessary to ensure that furniture can be easily maintained, as well as being durable enough so it lasts through years of use without showing too much wear or tear from normal usage by patients in your hospital facility. The right medical supplier will help to me et al. these needs with their wide variety products available on the market today including: office chairs (especially those designed specifically towards hospitals), tables made especially low height spaces like examining rooms where people may want extra space around them when sitting down but not folded up completely against wall.
Regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry by IP3 receptors independent of their ability to release Ca2+
Authors: Chakraborty Pragnya , Deb Bipan Kumar , Arige Vikas , Musthafa Thasneem , Malik Sundeep , Yule David I , Taylor Colin W , Hasan Gaiti
Published: July 2023

Loss of endoplasmic reticular (ER) Ca2+ activates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by causing the ER localized Ca2+ sensor STIM to unfurl domains that activate Orai channels in the plasma membrane at membrane contact sites (MCS). Here, we demonstrate a novel mechanism by which the inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), an ER-localized IP3-gated Ca2+ channel, regulates neuronal SOCE. In human neurons, SOCE evoked by pharmacological depletion of ER-Ca2+ is attenuated by loss of IP3Rs, and restored by expression of IP3Rs even when they cannot release Ca2+, but only if the IP3Rs can bind IP3. Imaging studies demonstrate that IP3Rs enhance association of STIM1 with Orai1 in neuronal cells with empty stores; this requires an IP3-binding site, but not a pore. Convergent regulation by IP3Rs, may tune neuronal SOCE to respond selectively to receptors that generate IP3.
Histone variants shape chromatin states in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jamge Bhagyshree , Lorković Zdravko J , Axelsson Elin , Osakabe Akihisa , Shukla Vikas , Yelagandula Ramesh , Akimcheva Svetlana , Kuehn Annika Luisa , Berger Frédéric
Published: July 2023

How different intrinsic sequence variations and regulatory modifications of histones combine in nucleosomes remain unclear. To test the importance of histone variants in the organization of chromatin we investigated how histone variants and histone modifications assemble in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. We showed that a limited number of chromatin states divide euchromatin and heterochromatin into several subdomains. We found that histone variants are as significant as histone modifications in determining the composition of chromatin states. Particularly strong associations were observed between H2A variants and specific combinations of histone modifications. To study the role of H2A variants in organizing chromatin states we determined the role of the chromatin remodeler DECREASED IN DNA METHYLATION (DDM1) in the organization of chromatin states. We showed that the loss of DDM1 prevented the exchange of the histone variant H2A.Z to H2A.W in constitutive heterochromatin, resulting in significant effects on the definition and distribution of chromatin states in and outside of constitutive heterochromatin. We thus propose that dynamic exchanges of histone variants control the organization of histone modifications into chromatin states, acting as molecular landmarks.
Impacto da pandemia COVID-19 – Estudo de caso em uma empresa de peças automotivas
Authors: Sonntag Udo Hans , Seleme Robson
Published: July 2023

A pandemia COVID-19 afetou de forma severa os fornecedores da indústria automotiva, especialmente nos níveis mais baixos da cadeia, exigindo destes fornecedores uma série de ações em busca do equilíbrio financeiro. Este artigo busca analisar o impacto da pandemia junto ao processo produtivo e demais processos de uma empresa do ramo metalúrgico de autopeças, assim como, apresentar um modelo para mitigação e redução dos riscos. Desse modo, este artigo avaliado sob o horizonte de identificação dos impactos decorreu por meio de pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa através da análise de indicadores e observação direta dos fatos associados. O resultado mostra as consequências da pandemia na empresa e suas estratégias buscando a redução dos impactos.
O respeito de avaliação e o respeito de reconhecimento, peças essenciais para a governança
Authors: Alberti Ricardo , Brandão Janaína Balk , Brasil Marcos Vinícius , De Sousa Ana Lúcia Monteiro , Bertol Marcos Eduardo , Garcia Marlova Giuliani , Grando Karina Deboni
Published: July 2023

A governança passa por uma mudança, tornando-se a denominada governança colaborativa, e com essa mudança o respeito de avaliação (RA) e o respeito de reconhecimento (RR) se tornam ferramentas para uma governança mais competitiva. O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar como o respeito de avaliação e o respeito de reconhecimento são relevantes para a governança. Esse estudo foi desenvolvido como uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva de natureza empírica. Dessa forma, o estudo utilizou artigos disponíveis na base da Web of Science para analisar as abordagens de RR e RA e sua relevância para a governança. Entre os resultados foi possível verificar que o RR se torna relevante por resolver a "lacuna de governança" de Hess (2019), além de desenvolver a defesa dos direitos humanos, já a o RA propicia uma governança mais responsável e menos propensa a corrupção, esse processo facilita a integração da proposta organizacional e aos stakeholders e fornece uma base para multinacionais escolherem seus fornecedores globais. Conclui-se que a governança quando está alinhada com o RR cumpre seu papel social e está preservando uma imagem positiva que pode lhe trazer parcerias com multinacionais, já a governança que utiliza o RA fomenta o merecimento por esforço e demonstra uma transparência maior da sua cultura organizacional.
Changes to fish assemblage following the selective removal of black bullhead (Ameiurus melas)
Authors: Jaćimović Milica Lj. , Smederevac‐Lalić Marija M. , Nikolić Dušan , Cvijanović Gorčin D. , Spasić Slađana Z. , Višnjić‐Jeftić Željka V. , Skorić Stefan B. , Krpo‐Ćetković Jasmina
Published: July 2023

Black bullhead is among the most abundant and successful non‐native fish species in European fresh waters. A number of studies have indicated that its physical removal might be a potential solution to minimize possible adverse impacts; however, so far there have been no field studies to confirm this.

This study quantified the population dynamics of both native and non‐native fishes in a small slow‐running lowland river within the Ponjavica Nature Park in Serbia before and after the black bullhead removal with fyke nets.

The removal of black bullhead resulted in statistically significant changes in the abundance of two native species – an increase in rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) (by 5.3 times) and a decline in bleak (Alburnus alburnus) (by 2.3 times).

A significant increase was observed in three non‐native fish species – the abundances of topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) and Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) increased 25.5, 4.9 and 4.2 times, respectively.

There were also substantial changes in the diversity of the fish assemblage after the black bullhead removal, illustrated by changes in diversity indices: Shannon's index doubled, while the Simpson's dominance index decreased threefold.

The catch‐per‐unit‐effort and the biomass‐per‐unit‐effort values indicated the dominance of the black bullhead in the fish assemblage during the mass removal phase of the study. The young‐of‐the‐year/adult ratio did not vary in relation to abundance, which confirmed that black bullhead might not compensate for fishing mortality with increased recruitment.

The results suggest that black bullhead plays a significant role in structuring the fish assemblage and that its removal may have both positive and negative effects on species abundance and diversity. These findings can contribute to the conservation of native fish species and improvement of future management programmes.
Crystallization manipulation and holistic defect passivation toward stable and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Cong , Li Haiyun , Gong Cheng , Zhuang Qixin , Chen Jiangzhao , Zang Zhigang
Published: July 2023

Synergistic modification of new intermediate phase assisted crystallization and upper interface passivation for enhanced crystallization, reduced defect density, and released stress in perovskite films, enabling 24.61% efficient inverted devices.
Early Postoperative Serum Phosphate Drop Predicts Sufficient Hypertrophy after Liver Surgery
Authors: Kambakamba Patryk , Schneider Marcel A. , Linecker Michael , Kirimiker Elvan Onur , Moeckli Beat , Graf Rolf , Reiner Cäcilia S. , Nguyen-Kim Thi Dan Linh , Kologlu Meltem , Karayalcin Kaan , Clavien Pierre-Alain , Balci Deniz , Petrowsky Henrik
Published: July 2023

Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of postoperative hypophosphatemia on liver regeneration after major liver surgery in the scenario of ALPPS (Associating Liver Partition with Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy) and living liver donation (LLD).

Background:

Hypophosphatemia has been described to reflect the metabolic demands of regenerating hepatocytes. Both, ALPPS and LLD, are characterized by an exceptionally strong liver regeneration and may be of particular interest in the context of posthepatectomy hypophosphatemia.

Methods:

Serum phosphate changes within the first 7 postoperative days after ALPPS (n=61) and LLD (n=54) were prospectively assessed and correlated with standardized volumetry after one week. In a translational approach, postoperative phosphate changes were investigated in mice and in vitro.

Results:

After ALPPS stage-1 and LLD, serum phosphate levels significantly dropped from a preoperative median of 1.08 mmol/L (IQR 0.92-1.23) and 1.07 mmol/L (IQR 0.91-1.21) to a postoperative median nadir of 0.68 mmol/L and 0.52 mmol/L, respectively. A pronounced phosphate drop correlated well with increased liver hypertrophy (P<0.001). Patients with a low drop of phosphate showed a higher incidence of posthepatectomy liver failure after ALPPS (7 vs. 31%, P=0.041). Like in human, phosphate drop correlated significantly with degree of hypertrophy in murine ALPPS and hepatectomy models (P<0.001). Blocking phosphate transporter (Slc20a1) inhibited cellular phosphate uptake and hepatocyte proliferation in vitro.

Conclusion:

Phosphate drop after hepatectomy is a direct surrogate marker for liver hypertrophy. Perioperative implementation of serum phosphate analysis has the potential to detect patients with insufficient regenerative capacity at an early stage.
Prescription patterns of P2Y12 inhibitors following revascularization in the United States: 2013–2018
Authors: Kumar Arun , Lutsey Pamela L. , St. Peter Wendy L. , Schommer Jon C. , Van’t Hof Jeremy R. , Rajpurohit Abhijeet , Farley Joel F.
Published: July 2023

P2Y12 inhibitors (i.e., clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor) are effective at reducing adverse cardiovascular outcomes post‐revascularization in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the choice of a specific P2Y12 inhibitor may vary according to the patient's characteristics, and trends in the use of different P2Y12 inhibitors are not well studied in real‐world settings. The objective of this study is to determine trends in the prescription patterns of P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with CAD. We studied 137,073 patients with CAD cross‐sectionally using the IBM MarketScan database (2013–2018). Patients with CAD prescribed P2Y12 inhibitors within 14 days of index revascularization were included to compare the utilization of P2Y12 inhibitors based on age and clinical characteristics. There were differences in prescription patterns by age. Among patients aged less than or equal to 65 years (N = 92,734), a continuously increased utilization of ticagrelor was observed from 13.7% to 45.6% replacing clopidogrel as the most prescribed medication by 2018. Similarly, ticagrelor was the choice of drug among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Among the patients at high bleeding risk, clopidogrel remained the most prescribed medication with use in 50.6% of patients in 2018 in patients aged less than or equal to 65 years. Contrarily, among the older adults with age 65 or above (N = 44,339), although ticagrelor use increased with time, clopidogrel remained the most utilized drug and was used by 66.2% of patients in 2018. Additionally, clopidogrel was the preferred medication among patients with stroke history. With the increasing use of ticagrelor in real‐world practice, further research is needed to observe its impact on cardiovascular outcomes.
Peripheral Spondyloarthritis Presenting with Fever and Severe Systemic Inflammatory Response Mimicking Infection: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Abdulmomen Ibrahim , Satti Eman , Awadh Basem
Published: July 2023

Objective. To describe four peripheral spondyloarthritis patients presenting with fever and severe systemic inflammatory response mimicking infection. Methods. Between 2017 and 2019, four patients with the final diagnosis of peripheral spondyloarthritis had atypical presentation of fever and severe systemic inflammatory response requiring hospital admission and extensive workup. Results. We reported four patients who were admitted to the hospital for fever and arthritis. They all had laboratory tests of the severe systemic inflammatory response (leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, high ESR, and high CRP) concerning infection. They underwent extensive workup for infectious causes, including septic arthritis, which came back negative. Other rheumatic diseases that are known to present with fever such as adult-onset Still’s disease, reactive arthritis, and crystal arthritis were all excluded. The final diagnosis of spondyloarthritis was made during their follow-up: three patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis and one with psoriatic arthritis. All patients received conventional DMARDs (methotrexate and sulfasalazine) and two patients received tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in addition to conventional DMARDs to control their disease. Conclusion. We observed a subgroup of peripheral spondyloarthritis patients presenting with fever and severe systemic inflammatory response requiring hospitalization. Recognition of this subgroup is important and should be considered once an infection is ruled out.
Ethnobotanical Survey and Cercaricidal Activity Screening of Medicinal Plants Used for Schistosomiasis Treatment in Atwima-Nwabiagya District, Ashanti Region, Ghana
Authors: Asante-Kwatia Evelyn , Gyimah Lord , Forkuo Arnold Donkor , Anyan William Kofi , Gbemu Makafui Adzo , Armah Francis Ackah , Mensah Abraham Yeboah
Published: July 2023

This study focused on documenting and evaluating the cercaricidal activity of medicinal plants used for schistosomiasis treatment in an endemic area in Ghana. Through semistructured questionnaires, personal interviews with herbalists in communities surrounding the Barekese dam in the Atwima-Nwabiagya district, where the disease is endemic, were carried out. Thirty medicinal plants distributed in 19 families were reported to be used for schistosomiasis treatment in the survey. Information on the plants, including scientific names, common names, families, and the used plant part were recorded. The families Apocynaceae and Euphorbiaceae recorded the highest number of plants (14% each), followed by Asteraceae (10%), Loranthaceae (7%), and Rubiaceae (7%). In vitro cercaricidal activity of methanol extracts of nine out of the thirty plants was performed by exposing human Schistosoma mansoni cercariae obtained from Biomphalaria pfeifferi to various concentrations of extracts over a duration of 240 minutes. All the plants tested demonstrated time- and concentration-dependent cercaricidal activity. With lethality being set at <1000 μg/mL, the cercaricidal activity in order of decreasing potency was as follows: Withania somnifera (LC50 = 1.29) > Balanites aegyptiaca (LC50 = 7.1) > Xylia evansii (LC50 = 11.14) > Jathropha multifida (LC50 = 12.9) > Justicia flava (LC50 = 22.9) > Anopyxis klaineana (LC50 = 182.81) > Ximenia americana (LC50 = 194.98) > Loranthus lecardii (LC50 = 223.87) > Bridelia tenufolia (LC50 = 309.03) > Zanthoxylium zanthoxyloides (LC50 = 851.94). Phytochemicals, including alkaloids, tannins, triterpenes, saponins, phytosterols, and flavonoids were identified in the plants. The result of this study gives scientific credence to the traditional use of these plants in the treatment of schistosomiasis and proves that the rich botanical knowledge of medicinal plants provides an incredible starting point for the discovery of new anti-schistosomal drugs for the local population.
Causal Effect of the 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration on Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Lee Keon-Joo , Kim Hakyung , Lee Soo Ji , Duperron Marie-Gabrielle , Debette Stéphanie , Bae Hee-Joon , Sung Joohon
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:

Previous observational studies reported that a lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration is associated with a higher burden of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). The causality of this association is uncertain, but it would be clinically important, given that 25(OH)D can be a target for intervention. We tried to examine the causal effect of 25(OH)D concentration on cSVD-related phenotypes using a Mendelian randomization approach.

METHODS:

Genetic instruments for each serum 25(OH)D concentration and cSVD-related phenotypes (lacunar stroke, white matter hyperintensity, cerebral microbleeds, and perivascular spaces) were derived from large-scale genome-wide association studies. We performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization analyses with multiple post hoc sensitivity analyses. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach was also used to explore the possibility of reverse causation.

RESULTS:

We failed to find any significant causal effect of 25(OH)D concentration on cSVD-related phenotypes (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.00 [0.87–1.16], 1.01 [0.96–1.07], 1.06 [0.85–1.33], 1.00 [0.97–1.03], 1.02 [0.99–1.04], 1.01 [0.99–1.04] for lacunar stroke, white matter hyperintensity, cerebral microbleeds, and white matter, basal ganglia, hippocampal perivascular spaces, respectively). These results were reproduced in the sensitivity analyses accounting for genetic pleiotropy. Conversely, when we examined the effects of cSVD phenotypes on 25(OH)D concentration, cerebral microbleeds were negatively associated with 25(OH)D concentration (0.94 [0.92–0.96]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Given the adequate statistical power (>0.8) of the analyses, our findings suggest that the previously reported association between 25(OH)D concentration and cSVD phenotypes might not be causal and partly attributed to reverse causation.
Redescription of Eidophasia concinnella Christoph, 1888 (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae), with the designation of a lectotype
Authors: BARANIAK EDWARD , SINEV SERGEY YU.
Published: July 2023

Eidophasia concinnella Christoph, 1888 is redescribed and illustrated, and a lectotype is designated. A diagnostic summary with illustrations of the female genitalia is given for E. concinnella and its two most similar congeners, E. syenitella (Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]) and E. zukowskyi Amsel, 1938.
Measles virus and cytomegalovirus co-infection, in a child with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, during COVID-19 pandemic: a case report
Authors: Piccirilli Giulia , Gennari Monia , Gabrielli Liliana , Leone Marta , Borgatti Eva Caterina , Cantiani Alessia , Lanna Federica , Magurano Fabio , Baggieri Melissa , Marangoni Antonella , Lanari Marcello , Lazzarotto Tiziana
Published: July 2023

Measles virus (MV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) may cause pediatric infection. We report the first described case of MV and CMV co-infection in an unvaccinated 13-mo-old girl, with a recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, occurred during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic context, combined with patient’s complex clinical scenario, presenting symptoms as persistent fever, diarrhea, vomiting, maculopapular rash and edema, in addition to high level of inflammatory markers, led to a suspicion of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The final diagnosis and the successfully management of the case, discharged after resolution of symptoms, was achieved by a proper virological diagnosis and a close two-way cooperation between pediatricians and clinical microbiologists. The report mainly highlights that awareness about measles should be raised in unvaccinated patients with consistent symptoms, even in the COVID-19 era.
Η συσχέτιση της υπογλυκαιμίας με δείκτες οξειδωτικού στρες
Authors: Παπαχριστοφόρου Ελευθερία
Published: July 2023

Η υπογλυκαιμία έχει αντιφλεγμονώδεις, προθρομβωτικές, αντιϊνωδολυτικές καιαρρυθμιογόνες δράσεις και έχει συσχετισθεί με την εμφάνιση αγγειακών επιπλοκών.Ο ρόλος του οξειδωτικού στρες δεν έχει μελετηθεί επαρκώς, ειδικά στην καθημερινήκλινική πρακτική. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να εκτιμηθεί η συσχέτιση τηςυπογλυκαιμίας, που συμβαίνει στην καθημερινή κλινική πρακτική, με τους δείκτεςοξειδωτικού στρες και ενδογενούς αντιοξειδωτικής ικανότητας. Στη μελέτησυμπεριλήφθηκαν ασθενείς με σακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 1 ή τύπου 2, πουεμφάνισαν αυτόματη υπογλυκαιμία στο Εξωτερικό Διαβητολογικό ιατρείο δύομεγάλων Πανεπιστημιακών Νοσοκομείων, καθώς και μη-διαβητικά άτομα, πουεμφάνισαν υπογλυκαιμία νηστείας ή μεταγευματική. Έγινε αιμοληψία την ώρα τηςυπογλυκαιμίας σε όλους τους συμμετέχοντες και στη συνέχεια στον ίδιο ασθενή,κάποια άλλη ημέρα σε συνθήκες ευγλυκαιμίας. Μετρήθηκαν δείκτες οξειδωτικούστρες [ADMA, ox-LDL, MDA, 4-ΗNE, Proteincarbonyls, 3-NT,(TBARS)] καιαντιοξειδωτικής ικανότητας [TAC,ABTS, Superoxidescavengingcapacity,Hydroxylradicalscavengingcapacity, Reducingpower] την ώρα της υπογλυκαιμίας καιστη συνέχεια σε κατάσταση ευγλυκαιμίας. Η παρούσα ανάλυση περιλαμβάνει 31συμμετέχοντες (μέση ηλικία 52,2±21,1 έτη, 45,2% άνδρες), 14 (45,2%) μεσακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 2, 12 (38,7%) με σακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 1, και 5(16,1%) μη-διαβητικά άτομα. Παρατηρήθηκε σημαντική μείωση των επιπέδων τουδείκτη TBARS, που είναι δείκτης υπεροξείδωσης των λιπιδίων, κατά τη διάρκεια τηςυπογλυκαιμίας [6,55 (4,91-8,92) μmol/L], συγκριτικά με την ευγλυκαιμία[9,23 (6,21-11,72) μmol/L] (p=0,005).Όλοι οι υπόλοιποι δείκτες δεν παρουσίασαν στατιστικάσημαντική μεταβολή στην υπογλυκαιμία συγκριτικά με την ευγλυκαιμία. Στη μελέτημας διαπιστώθηκε ότι η υπογλυκαιμία, που συμβαίνει στην καθημερινή κλινικήπρακτική δεν επηρεάζει το οξειδωτικό στρες. Με δεδομένο ότι μόνο τα επίπεδα τουδείκτη TBARS μειώθηκαν σημαντικά στην υπογλυκαιμία, ενώ τα επίπεδα της MDA,που είναι επίσης δείκτης υπεροξείδωσης των λιπιδίων δε μεταβλήθηκαν σημαντικά,αυτό το εύρημα χρήζει περαιτέρω διερεύνησης σε μελλοντικές μελέτες.
Заповiт – Завещание – Testament Tarasa Szewczenki i problemy translatorskie
Authors: Bednarczyk Anna
Published: July 2023

W artykule rozpatrzono problematykę przekładów programowego wiersza Tarasa Szewczenki Заповiт na języki bliskopokrewne, jakimi są język polski oraz rosyjski. Poza trudnościami, a przede wszystkim błędami wynikającymi z bliskiego pokrewieństwa języków („fałszywi przyjaciele tłumacza”), zostały omówione kwestie związane z działaniami cenzury (zarówno w stosunku do tekstu źródłowego, jak i docelowego), na przykład opuszczenia fragmentów tekstu. Rozpatrzono również problem polityzacji tłumaczenia (wyrażenia przyimkowe: „на/в Украіні” i odpowiednio: „na/w Ukrainie” oraz „на/в Украине”), widziany w kontekście aktualizacji przekładu.
Short Communication: Plants used by Sundanese mothers for maternal care in a rural village in Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: OKTAVIA DINA , ADNANI QORINAH ESTININGTYAS SAKILAH , GUMILANG LANI , NOVIANTI EVI , SUNARDI SUNARDI
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Oktavia D, Adnani QES, Gumilang L, Novianti E, Sunardi. 2023. Short Communication: Plants used by Sundanese mothers for maternal care in a rural village in Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3568-3573. Traditional beliefs and plants are pivotal during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Little is known of Sundanese, a small ethnic group whose traditions and use of plants facilitate easier pregnancy, birth, and postpartum recovery. This study aimed to determine the traditional beliefs and types of plants used by Sundanese mothers of Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care. Individual interviews using structured questions were conducted to collect socio-demography data and gather information on traditional beliefs and the use of plants concerning pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care. Purposive and snowball sampling was employed to enroll women of reproductive age who were either pregnant at the time of the study or had recently given birth and were postpartum. Data were collected from 119 Sundanese women. These women frequently used 25 different medicinal plant species from 21 families to treat various conditions that arise during pregnancy and childbirth. The Zingiberaceae plant family was observed to be the most commonly used, with leaves being the most frequently utilized plant part. Decoction and cooking were reported as the most favored remedy preparation. The most effective plants during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum were Cocos nucifera L., Cocos nucifera L., and Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr., respectively. Therefore, to promote sustainable women's health in rural areas, the current findings highlight the necessity for conservation efforts and further studies on the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of frequently used food and medicinal plants.
Families, imprisonment and penal power: a radical analysis
Authors: Jardine Cara
Published: July 2023

This paper is concerned with the exercise of penal power over families affected by imprisonment, and the implications for legitimacy and inclusion. Imprisonment imposes harms upon families, however theories as to how this shapes attitudes towards the justice system and feelings of citizenship are still developing. This paper brings together insights from prison sociology and Lukes’ radical conceptualisation of power to argue that prison rules are the most ‘solid’ dimension of power which families encounter, and therefore it is the day-to-day decisions of officers which are most likely to be challenged. However, by excluding families from decision-making spaces, and shaping beliefs about what actions are possible and desirable, the justice system also exercises power over families in more diffuse ways which, while they provoke less resistance, are just as damaging to citizenship and inclusion.
Dyslipidemia paradox: Analysis from the veterans exercise testing study
Authors: Vainshelboim Baruch , Myers Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Background

Dyslipidemia is a well-established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, although its association with mortality is less clear. This study aimed to assess the association between established dyslipidemia criteria [National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults [Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III] and all-cause mortality in men.

Methods

Prospective cohort study of 1,479 men aged 59.7±10.7 years was conducted between 1987 and 2012. At baseline, dyslipidemia markers of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were assessed as an exposure. Cox proportional hazard models were analyzed adjusting for conventional health risk factors using all-cause mortality as an outcome.

Results

Mean and standard deviations of TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were 199.5±45.2, 149.4±47.4 and 44.3±12.2 mg/dL, respectively. During 8.9±4.5 years follow-up, 284 participants died. Compared to TC <200 mg/dL, levels of 200–239 mg/dL and ≥240 mg/dL were associated with 13% [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.87, 95% confidence intervals (CI) (0.66–1.1)] and 37% [HR = 0.63, 95% CI (0.44–0.92)] lower risks of mortality (p trend = 0.048), respectively. Compared to LDL-C <130 mg/dL, levels of 130–189 mg/dL and ≥190 mg/dL were associated with 26% [HR = 0.74, 95% CI (0.57–0.97)] and 32% [HR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.48–0.98)] lower risks of mortality (p trend = 0.044), respectively. Mean survival time was 0.9 to 1.9 years longer with higher TC and LDL-C categories (both p = 0.001). HDL-C was not associated with mortality.

Conclusion

In reference to established dyslipidemia criteria, this study showed that higher TC and LDL-C were independently and paradoxically associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality and longer survival time in men. Along with previous reports, these novel findings support a rigorous reevaluation of evidence on dyslipidemia and health risks. Systematic review and meta-analysis are warranted for evidence-based recommendations on dyslipidemia for primary and secondary prevention of CVD.
An Analysis of Finance and Banking Development to Indonesia Economic Growth (Montly Production Index): VECM
Authors: Febrianti Ika Rahma , Hakim Lukman , Rahayu Siti Aisyah Tri
Published: July 2023

Sustainability of finance growth is supported by a good finance system. Finance inovasion eases user with more efficient service. Referring to some economic literatures, it has been found that there are different perspectives between the relationships of finance development and economic growth. In responding to that phenomena, this research aims to investigate the influence of the total credit from conventional banks, the total credit of micro small dan medium enterprises, the amount of debit or ATM transaction and the amount of electronic transaction to the Indonesia electronic growth either in a short term or in a long term. The data that is used in this research are monthly time series from January 2015 to March 2022 by using sample from 87 months. The used method is qualitative descriptive by using Vector Error Correction Model and the result shows that in a long term, total credit from conventional bank has a significant impact for the economic growth, while the transaction amount through ATM/debit tends to have negative impact for the economic growth. Independent variables are significant and able to explain the dependent variables as much as 68% and the remaining 32% are influenced by other variables that are not used in this research.
The Development of Mathematical Competencies In 5-7-Year-Old Children Through Activities in Nature
Authors: Ilieva Yordanka
Published: July 2023

The article presents ideas for the formation of elementary mathematical notions in children attending a kindergarten. This is done through activities done outside, in nature. An essential task of preschool education is to form the correct attitude towards nature. The adolescents’ contacts with nature allows them to discover its beauty and to understand that math is all around them. The natural environment provides an inexhaustible supply of opportunities for the development and consolidation of important mathematical concepts – shape, number, arrangement, etc. During mathematical activities, the numerous natural materials can effectively be used as a didactic tool.