bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumption of hookahs, e-cigarettes, and classic cigarettes and the impact on medically assisted reproduction treatment
Authors: Trapphoff Tom , Ontrup Carolin , Krug Sonja , Dieterle Stefan
Published: April 2024

Smoking of classic cigarettes has been well-established as a health risk factor, including cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. Adverse effects on human reproduction have also been shown. Smokers are assumed to have a significantly lower chance of pregnancy, however, the impact of smoking on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) treatment outcomes is controversial. Moreover, smoking habits have changed during the last decades since e-cigarettes and hookahs, or water pipes, have become very popular, yet little is known regarding vaping or hookah-smoking patients undergoing MAR treatments. This prospective study aimed to examine the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and its main metabolite, cotinine, in human follicular fluid (FF) in non-smoking, smoking, and vaping/hookah-smoking patients and to evaluate the impact on female fertility. Human FF samples were collected from 320 women subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles due to male subfertility. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry was used to analyse the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and cotinine. A questionnaire was provided to assess patient consumption behaviour and to identify (1) non-smoking patients, (2) patients who consumed cigarettes, and (3) patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression, Fisher’s exact test, and the Mann–Whitney U Test. Nicotine was present in 22 (6.8%) and cotinine in 65 (20.3%) of the 320 samples. The nicotine and cotinine concentrations per sample ranged from 0 to 26.3 ng/ml and 0–363.0 ng/ml, respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene was not detectable in any of the samples analysed. Nicotine and cotinine were also present in the FF of patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. The clinical pregnancy rate, fertilization and maturation rates, and number of oocytes per oocyte pick-up were not statistically significantly different between non-smoking, smoking, or vaping/hookah-smoking patients. Smoking and the accumulation of smoking toxins in the FF have no impact on the outcome of MAR treatments—neither the clinical pregnancy rate, maturation and fertilization rates, nor the number of retrieved oocytes were affected. For the first time, nicotine and cotinine were quantified in the FF of patients exclusively vaping e-cigarettes or smoking hookahs. Since vaping liquids and hookah tobaccos contain potentially harmful substances, other adverse effects cannot be excluded.

Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03414567.
Risk adjusted EWMA control chart based on support vector machine with application to cardiac surgery data
Authors: Noor-ul-Amin Muhammad , Khan Imad , Alzahrani Ali Rashash R. , Ayari-Akkari Amel , Ahmad Bakhtiyar
Published: April 2024

In the current study, we demonstrate the use of a quality framework to review the process for improving the quality and safety of the patient in the health care department. The researchers paid attention to assessing the performance of the health care service, where the data is usually heterogeneous to patient’s health conditions. In our study, the support vector machine (SVM) regression model is used to handle the challenge of adjusting the risk factors attached to the patients. Further, the design of exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts is proposed based on the residuals obtained through SVM regression model. Analyzing real cardiac surgery patient data, we employed the SVM method to gauge patient condition. The resulting SVM-EWMA chart, fashioned via SVM modeling, revealed superior shift detection capabilities and demonstrated enhanced efficacy compared to the risk-adjusted EWMA control chart.
Spatial–temporal combination and multi-head flow-attention network for traffic flow prediction
Authors: Yu Lianfei , Liu Wenbo , Wu Dong , Xie Dongmei , Cai Chuang , Qu Zhijian , Li Panjing
Published: April 2024

Traffic flow prediction based on spatial–temporal data plays a vital role in traffic management. However, it still faces serious challenges due to the complex spatial–temporal correlation in nonlinear spatial–temporal data. Some previous methods have limited ability to capture spatial–temporal correlation, and ignore the quadratic complexity problem in the traditional attention mechanism. To this end, we propose a novel spatial–temporal combination and multi-head flow-attention network (STCMFA) to model the spatial–temporal correlation in road networks. Firstly, we design a temporal sequence multi-head flow attention (TS-MFA), in which the unique source competition mechanism and sink allocation mechanism make the model avoid attention degradation without being affected by inductive biases. Secondly, we use GRU instead of the linear layer in traditional attention to map the input sequence, which further enhances the temporal modeling ability of the model. Finally, we combine the GCN with the TS-MFA module to capture the spatial–temporal correlation, and introduce residual mechanism and feature aggregation strategy to further improve the performance of STCMFA. Extensive experiments on four real-world traffic datasets show that our model has excellent performance and is always significantly better than other baselines.
Comparative analysis of root associated microbes in tropical cultivated and weedy rice (Oryza spp.) and temperate cultivated rice
Authors: Juliyanti Vani , Itakura Ryota , Kotani Kanta , Lim Shu Yong , Suzuki Go , Chong Chun Wie , Song Beng Kah , Rahman Sadequr
Published: April 2024

Weedy rice is a major problem in paddy fields around the world. It is well known that weedy rice appears to grow faster and mature earlier than cultivated rice. It is possible that differences in the root microbial genetics are correlated with this characteristic. This study incorporated 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the microbial composition in the rhizosphere and endosphere of rice root. No significant difference was found between the microbiota associated with weedy and cultivated rice lines grown in the same field. It was found that the endosphere had less microbial diversity compared to the rhizosphere. The major groups of bacteria found in the endosphere are from the phylum Proteobacteria, Myxococcota, Chloroflexota, and Actinobacteria. In addition, by analyzing the microbiome of japonica rice grown in the field in a temperate climate, we found that despite differences in genotype and location, some bacterial taxa were found to be common and these members of the putative rice core microbiome can also be detected by in situ hybridization. The delineation of a core microbiome in the endosphere of rice suggests that these bacterial taxa might be important in the life cycle of a wide range of rice types.
Design and optimization of haze prediction model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and graphics processor
Authors: Liu Zuhan , Zhao Kexin , Liu Xuehu , Xu Huan
Published: April 2024

With the rapid expansion of industrialization and urbanization, fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) pollution has escalated into a major global environmental crisis. This pollution severely affects human health and ecosystem stability. Accurately predicting PM2.5 levels is essential. However, air quality forecasting currently faces challenges in processing vast data and enhancing model accuracy. Deep learning models are widely applied for their superior learning and fitting abilities in haze prediction. Yet, they are limited by optimization challenges, long training periods, high data quality needs, and a tendency towards overfitting. Furthermore, the complex internal structures and mechanisms of these models complicate the understanding of haze formation. In contrast, traditional Support Vector Regression (SVR) methods perform well with complex non-linear data but struggle with increased data volumes. To address this, we developed CUDA-based code to optimize SVR algorithm efficiency. We also combined SVR with Genetic Algorithms (GA), Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to identify the optimal haze prediction model. Our results demonstrate that the model combining intelligent algorithms with Central Processing Unit-raphics Processing Unit (CPU-GPU) heterogeneous parallel computing significantly outpaces the PSO-SVR model in training speed. It achieves a computation time that is 6.21–35.34 times faster. Compared to other models, the Particle Swarm Optimization-Central Processing Unit-Graphics Processing Unit-Support Vector Regression (PSO-CPU-GPU-SVR) model stands out in haze prediction, offering substantial speed improvements and enhanced stability and reliability while maintaining high accuracy. This breakthrough not only advances the efficiency and accuracy of haze prediction but also provides valuable insights for real-time air quality monitoring and decision-making.
Clinical implementation of a fully automated quantitative perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging workflow with a simplified dual-bolus contrast administration scheme
Authors: Borodzicz-Jazdzyk S. , Vink C. E. M. , Demirkiran A. , Hoek R. , de Mooij G. W. , Hofman M. B. M. , Wilgenhof A. , Appelman Y. , Benovoy M. , Götte M. J. W.
Published: April 2024

This study clinically implemented a ready-to-use quantitative perfusion (QP) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (QP CMR) workflow, encompassing a simplified dual-bolus gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration scheme and fully automated QP image post-processing. Twenty-five patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent both adenosine stress perfusion CMR and an invasive coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography angiography. The dual-bolus protocol consisted of a pre-bolus (0.0075 mmol/kg GBCA at 0.5 mmol/ml concentration + 20 ml saline) and a main bolus (0.075 mmol/kg GBCA at 0.5 mmol/ml concentration + 20 ml saline) at an infusion rate of 3 ml/s. The arterial input function curves showed excellent quality. Stress MBF ≤ 1.84 ml/g/min accurately detected obstructive CAD (area under the curve 0.79; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.66 to 0.89). Combined visual assessment of color pixel QP maps and conventional perfusion images yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 84%, sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 93%. The proposed easy-to-use dual-bolus QP CMR workflow provides good image quality and holds promise for high accuracy in diagnosis of obstructive CAD. Implementation of this approach has the potential to serve as an alternative to current methods thus increasing the accessibility to offer high-quality QP CMR imaging by a wide range of CMR laboratories.
Mechanistic insight into the role of the aspect ratio of nanofillers in the gas barrier properties of polymer nanocomposite thin films
Authors: Mandal Subhash , Roy Debmalya , Mukhopadhyay Kingsuk , Dwivedi Mayank , Joshi Mangala
Published: April 2024

The introduction and processing parameters of 2D graphene flakes into a polymer matrix were altered in order to understand the impact of dispersed flake geometry on the physical properties of nanocomposites.
Dimethyl sulfoxide as a gas phase charge-reducing agent for the determination of PEGylated proteins' intact mass
Authors: Skjærvø Øystein , Togle Alyssa , Sutton Haley , Han Xuemei , Rauniyar Navin
Published: April 2024

Determination of PEGylated proteins' intact mass by mass spectrometry is challenging due to the molecules' large size, excessive charges, and instrument limitations.
Promoting C–C coupling for CO2 reduction on Cu2O electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed Rh atoms
Authors: Feng Chengcheng , Duan Ruizhi , Chi Haibo , Liu Fengyuan , Song Rui , Li Mingrun , Yu Wenguang , Ding Chunmei , Li Can
Published: April 2024

Cu2O doped with atomically dispersed Rh shows higher performance for CO2 reduction to C2+ products due to the promoted CO2 adsorption, *CO hydrogenation to *CHO and their coupling to O*CCHO intermediates.
Atomistic simulation of deformation twinning in nanocrystalline body-centered cubic U–Mo alloys
Authors: Ou Xuelian , Yang Yue , Shen Yanxin , Wang Peng , You Zhenjiang , Tian Xiaofeng
Published: April 2024

Deformation mechanisms of the nanocrystalline body-centered cubic U–Mo alloy were investigated through molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the influences of the grain size and Mo content.
A two-step method to prepare P2-type layered oxide materials for stable sodium-ion batteries via a precursor and sintering temperature control
Authors: Sun Xinhua , Zhang Yan , Zhang Jianmin , Zheng Zongmin
Published: April 2024

A P2-type Na0.67Ni0.2Mn0.8O2 layered oxide cathode material with excellent cyclic performance was successfully prepared via a two-step method using ultra-nano-sized precursors.
Novel ternary AgIICoIIIF5 fluoride: synthesis, structure and magnetic characteristics
Authors: Jezierski Daniel , Mazej Zoran , Grochala Wojciech
Published: April 2024

As Ag2+ is such a powerful oxidizer, not many open-shell transition metal cations can resist its neighborhood. Here we introduce AgCoF5, a rare representative of the transition metal–Ag2+ fluoride family.
Classification and quantitative characterisation of the excited states of π-conjugated diradicals
Authors: Matasović Lujo , Bronstein Hugo , Friend Richard H. , Plasser Felix
Published: April 2024

A detailed classification scheme for the excited states of diradicals is presented highlighting the connections between the states of closed-shell and open-shell molecules.
Retraction: Recent developments in energy storage systems for marine environment
Authors: Verma Jaya , Kumar Deepak
Published: April 2024

Retraction of ‘Recent developments in energy storage systems for marine environment’ by Jaya Verma et al., Mater. Adv., 2021, 2, 6800–6815, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00746G.
Cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) anchored on Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets for highly efficient selective catalytic oxidation
Authors: Zhu Simeng , Liu Peng , Hong Xinlin
Published: April 2024

The first case of highly efficient selective catalytic oxidation for the production of quinclorac over CoPc anchored Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets.
Recent advances in photoelectrochemical hydrogen production using I–III–VI quantum dots
Authors: Lee Hyo Cheol , Park Ji Hye , In Su-Il , Yang Jiwoong
Published: April 2024

This minireview covers recent advances in photoelectrochemical hydrogen production using I–III–VI QDs, detailing the material design strategies.
Emergence of integrated biosensing-enabled digital healthcare devices
Authors: Mishra Anshuman , Singh Pravin Kumar , Chauhan Nidhi , Roy Souradeep , Tiwari Ayushi , Gupta Shaivya , Tiwari Aanshi , Patra Santanu , Das Trupti R. , Mishra Prashant , Nejad Ahmad Soltani , Shukla Yogesh Kumar , Jain Utkarsh , Tiwari Ashutosh
Published: April 2024

Digital biosensors facilitate real-time, remote, precise disease detection and biochemical analysis.
High performance water electrolysis using a poly(fluorene phenylpropylammonium) anion-exchange membrane with 2 M aqueous KOH
Authors: Rossini Matteo , Pan Dong , Koyutürk Burak , Chen Si , Khataee Amirreza , Lindbergh Göran , Jannasch Patric , Cornell Ann
Published: April 2024

PdF–TMA is a newly synthesized anion exchange membrane for water electrolysis. It showed high chemical stability and conductivity in a high concentration electrolyte. These features allowed the enhancement of performance and efficiency.
The effect of high dielectric BaTiO3 nanoparticle dimensions on the dielectric properties and electro-optical performance of polymer dispersed liquid crystal films
Authors: Wu Wei , Sun Xiaohui , Wang Dong , Qian Haining , Wang Bo , Wang Xiangwei , Rong Xianhui , Zhang Xuyang , Wu Guohua
Published: April 2024

Three different dimensional BaTiO3 nanoparticles were synthesized and doped into PDLC films. By exploring and analyzing the mechanism, it was found that one-dimensional BaTiO3 nanoparticles can effectively reduce the operating voltage.
The choreography of chromatin in RNA polymerase III regulation
Authors: van Breugel Maria Elize , Gerber Alan , van Leeuwen Fred
Published: April 2024

Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression involves a dynamic interplay between the core transcriptional machinery, transcription factors, and chromatin organization and modification. While this applies to transcription by all RNA polymerase complexes, RNA polymerase III (RNAPIII) seems to be atypical with respect to its mechanisms of regulation. One distinctive feature of most RNAPIII transcribed genes is that they are devoid of nucleosomes, which relates to the high levels of transcription. Moreover, most of the regulatory sequences are not outside but within the transcribed open chromatin regions. Yet, several lines of evidence suggest that chromatin factors affect RNAPIII dynamics and activity and that gene sequence alone does not explain the observed regulation of RNAPIII. Here we discuss the role of chromatin modification and organization of RNAPIII transcribed genes and how they interact with the core transcriptional RNAPIII machinery and regulatory DNA elements in and around the transcribed genes.
Optimizing Metro Passenger Flow Prediction: Integrating Machine Learning and Time‐Series Analysis with Multimodal Data Fusion
Authors: Wan Li , Cheng Wenzhi , Yang Jie
Published: April 2024

Accurate passenger flow forecasting is crucial in urban areas with growing transit demand. In this paper, we propose a method that combines advanced machine learning with rigorous time series analysis to improve prediction accuracy by integrating different datasets, providing a prescriptive example for passenger flow prediction in urban rail transit systems. The study employs advanced machine learning algorithms and proposes a novel prediction model that combines two‐stage decomposition (seasonal and trend decomposition using LOESS–ensemble empirical mode decomposition (STL‐EEMD)) and gated recurrent units. First, the STL decomposition algorithm is applied to break down the preprocessed data into trend terms, periodic terms, and irregular fluctuation terms. Then, the EEMD decomposition algorithm is employed to further decompose the irregular fluctuation terms, yielding multiple IMF components and residual residuals. Subsequently, the decomposed data from STL and EEMD are partitioned into training and test sets and normalized. The training set is utilized to train the model for optimal performance in predicting subway short‐time passenger flow. The synthesis of these sophisticated methodologies serves to substantially enhance both the predictive precision and the broad applicability of the forecasting models. The efficacy of the proposed approach is rigorously evaluated through its application to empirical metro passenger flow datasets from diverse urban centers, demonstrating marked superiority in predictive performance over traditional forecasting methods. The insights gleaned from this study bear significant ramifications for the strategic planning and administration of public transportation infrastructures, potentially leading to more strategic resource allocation and an enhanced commuter experience.
SEHRNet: A lightweight, high‐resolution network for aircraft keypoint detection
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhang Tianxiong , Zhu Xinping , Li Jiajun
Published: April 2024

Current research on apron conflict detection is often limited to the interaction between the aircraft as a whole and other objects, making it difficult to accomplish targeted identification of vulnerable and high‐cost aircraft components. However, the implementation of detailed aircraft identification is of great significance to enhance the safety of airport surface operations. Based on the excellent performance of High‐Resolution Network (HRNet) in keypoint detection, a lightweight end‐to‐end keypoint detection network, namely Squeeze and Excitation High‐Resolution Network (SEHRNet), is proposed in this paper to solve the problems of HRNet's slower computation and more redundancy. First, the errors arising from coordinate transformations in the coding and decoding process are solved by an improved feature map coding and decoding process. Second, replace the BasicBlock in HRNet with the Depthwise separable convolutions based on the Squeeze‐and‐Excitation Networks, which drastically cuts the computational cost of the network. Third, the improved Bottleneck module is used to further enhance the capability of feature extraction. Experimental results prove that, based on the aircraft keypoint detection dataset, the SEHRNet proposed in this paper shows stronger applicability compared to the current mainstream networks. Compared with the original HRNet, the improved network has higher accuracy, faster speed, and lighter model for aircraft keypoint detection.
Mobile charging station for electric tractors
Authors: Nesterenko Irina , Nesterenko Grigory , Karnaukhov Andrey , Malyukov Sergey , Zalyakaeva Dinara , Yakushev Adel , Sokolova Viktoriia
Published: April 2024

The paper examines the issues of providing electrical energy to tractors operating on electric traction. Problems associated with the lack of infrastructure necessary for charging and recharging traction batteries are described. The rationale for the operation of electric tractors in agriculture is given. The article provides an overview of the available types of charging stations, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as some technical characteristics. The development and use of mobile charging stations for charging and recharging traction batteries of electric tractors directly in the field is substantiated. The main results provide information about the designed mobile charging station. The article contains a description of the design and composition of a mobile charging station, through which traction batteries are charged directly in the field. The rationale for choosing the type of charging station and the method of supplying it with electrical energy is presented. Particular attention is paid to the rational choice of storage batteries that will be located in the charging station. An assessment of the used rechargeable batteries is carried out, their main advantages and disadvantages are given, as well as the type of batteries chosen for use is justified.
Development of combined aggregate for improvement of meliorative condition of saline gypsum soils
Authors: Khajiev Masharip , Atadjanova Mubarakhan , Dusiyoro Jakhongir
Published: April 2024

Rapid growth of population of the republic, reduction of sown areas for various reasons and removal from agricultural works make necessary improvement of melioration of low-productive saline gypsum lands and require introduction into practice. Areas of saline gypsum lands in Uzbekistan make 320-480 thousand hectares. Among these lands special place is occupied by soils containing gypsum SaSO4 and 2H2O. Such soils are found practically in all regions of our republic, and improvement of their amelioration requires a separate complex and is considered one of the tasks of state importance. Before sowing in spring on saline gypsum soils are washed and applied in farms, and for re-sowing on harvested wheat the soil is prepared and laid in two layers (10-12 cm and 24-25 cm deep). It is recommended to fill it with a mixture of fertilisers (dolomite or slaked lime, cattle manure, nitrogen, phosphorus and other microfertilisers). As a result of its practical use the ameliorative condition of saline gypsum lands is improved, the yield of cultivated crops increases by 20-30 per cent, the quality of products is brought up to the level of the state standard.
Increasing the wear resistance of autotractor equipment parts
Authors: Nesterenko Grigory , Nesterenko Irina , Akhmetzyanov Rishat , Timokhova Oksana , Vornacheva Irina , Sabitov Linar , Kiyamov Ilgam
Published: April 2024

Maintaining the performance of power units of automobile and tractor equipment for a long time is a very urgent task today. In this regard, work is being carried out to develop and master the technology for applying advanced coatings to increase surface hardness. However, the development of coatings that increase wear resistance is inextricably linked with research aimed at studying the properties of the coatings themselves, as well as their impact on the performance of the products themselves. To ensure long-term and trouble-free operation of units with friction pairs, not only advanced coatings are used, but also methods for applying special microrelief, protective materials and lubricants. Many scientific schools are working on solving the problem of increasing resources. Each approach involves testing and calculations. This paper shows the effect of ceramic coating on the service life of the crankshaft of a KamAZ vehicle engine. This paper examines the possibility of using a ceramic coating as a means of protecting the crankshaft journals from wear. Data from studies on increasing the service life of friction pairs are presented. Dependencies that characterize the wear rate are presented. A fragment of a method for calculating crankshaft deformations caused by residual stresses is proposed.
Stubble potato planter for sustainable farming
Authors: Duskulov Abdusattar A. , Makhmudov Khusanboy S. , Yuldashev Odiljon T.
Published: April 2024

This article presents an examination of fundamental technologies employed in agricultural crop cultivation, leading to the proposal of a strip tillage technique that integrates fertilizer application and potato planting in fields previously cultivated with winter crops, early vegetables, and intermediate crops. The article further discusses the design and technological process of a stubble potato planter, which facilitates the simultaneous execution of strip tillage, fertilization, and potato planting. The proposed technology and planter design aim to enhance the efficiency and productivity of agricultural practices.
Substantiation of the parameters of the double flat disc seeder for directly sowing repeated crops in the soil after wheat crop harvesting in Uzbekistan
Authors: Tukhtakuziev Abdusalim , Rasuljonov Abdurakhmon , Azizov Shuhrat , Temirkulova Nargiza
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of theoretical studies on the basis of the parameters of a seeder equipped with a double flat disk. This sows directly that repeated crops without tilling the soil of wheat-free fields in the soil-climatic conditions of Uzbekistan. In order to ensure the required quality of work of the seeder with a double flat disc, the diameter of its discs should be at least 21.4 cm. The angle of sharpening is 25°. As for the width of the bottom planting bed formed by the coulter discs, it should be at least 15 mm. The height of the meeting point of the coulter discs is at least 8.6 cm, and it was determined that the angle of deviation of the radius connecting it with the center of rotation of the disks should be 78°47′.
A mathematical model for predicting the deformation of the hydraulic model of the dynamics of water flow and morphological parameters of the riverbed in small mountain rivers
Authors: Gapparov Furkat , Makhmudov Ilkhomjon , Gafforova Mushtariybonu , Apakhodjaeva Tursunoy
Published: April 2024

In this article, the changes of the bed of the Govasoy river, which is one of the small mountain rivers, due to the influence of constructions and the formation of the sedimentation layer are studied on the basis of field studies. The mathematical model of predicting the deformation of water flow dynamics and the processes of the bed, and the experimental results are compared with numerical solutions. Information on the territorial division of irrigation networks and water consumers in the Govasay river basin, as well as their digital maps, was created on the basis of geo-information technology. The program was developed to ensure the rapid management of water resources.
Computational determination of flow parameters of thermostat for combustion engine cooling system
Authors: Bazarov Bakhtiyor I. , Sidikov Fakhriddin Sh. , Usmanov Ilkhomjon I. , Magdiyev Karimulla I.
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with the issues of calculated determination of parameters of the flowing part of the thermostat under development, as well as the results of evaluation of grid convergence of the experiment, geometrical characteristics of variants of thermostat design and the results of calculations. The fields of flow velocity of coolant in the channels of thermostats were analysed. Scientifically literature was analysed. At the design stage it is necessary to determine the dimensions of the thermostat valve passage sections. This can be done with the help of modern programmes for numerical calculation of liquid and gas flow. For the solution of the set task a three-dimensional model of the thermostat was used.
Determining the depth of immersion of combined machine ridge harvesters and the dimensions of the ridges produced by them
Authors: Tukhtakuziev Abdusalim , Barlibaev Sherzod , Rasuljonov Abdurakhmon , Kholikulov Jamshid
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the outcomes of theoretical research focused on determining the optimal depth of immersion for combined machine cultivators used in preparing garden and vine rows for monoculture planting, along with the corresponding dimensions of the cultivators they form. The study specifically addresses the planting of vegetable crops between these rows, with a standard width of 70 cm. Considering the typical growth pattern of these crops in bush form, with heights ranging from 10-15 cm and widths of 33-37 cm at the top, it was concluded that the immersion depth of the combined machine’s bushes should be adjusted within the range of 8.5-14.9 cm to meet agrotechnical requirements effectively.
Temperature deformation calculation of reinforced concrete parts in hot and dry climates
Authors: Rizayev Bakhodir , Isroil Umarov , Jasurbek Nuriddinov
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a study on the temperature deformations of reinforced concrete elements in Uzbekistan’s arid and hot climate. The calculation of axis length and curvature for long-term alternating heating and cooling is essential for concrete and reinforced concrete elements in these conditions. The study’s findings can help engineers and construction professionals accurately calculate temperature changes in reinforced concrete elements in arid and hot climates, minimizing the risk of damage and reducing maintenance costs.
Bioengineering, waste processing and fermentation process control for biogas production
Authors: Kalandarov Palvan , Avezov Nodirbek , Olimov Orif , Turkmenov Xasan , Abdykadyrov Askar
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the analysis of the state of control of the processes of biogas production from animal waste by methane digestion. The article discusses the problems of synthesis of automated control systems of biotechnological processes under conditions of information uncertainty. The analysis of the current state of control of fermentation stage processes shows that insufficient attention is paid to the problem of synthesis of second-tier banks under conditions of information uncertainty. Construction of mathematical modeling of biosynthetic processes is a kinetic model, where experimental and analytical methods are used due to the difficulty of identifying patterns in microbiological processes. The article discusses the application of methods and algorithms for intellectualization of problem solving in ACS for the synthesis of complex biotechnological objects in conditions of lack of information, that they should be attributed to priority tasks. The results of research on the application of a neuro-fuzzy system for controlling fermentation processes under conditions of uncertainty and multimode of processes, as well as a forecasting algorithm using nonlinear sets and neural networks are presented.
Synthesis of quinazolin-4-one and its application in some areas of bioengineering
Authors: Saitkulov Foziljon , Mirvaliev Zoid , Sabirova Diloram , Ergasheva Hikoyat , Okhunov Isroil
Published: April 2024

Until this research, many studies have been conducted with benzimidazoles and quinazolones, but there is almost no comparative information in the literature about the synthesis of 2- placed quinazolone and quinazolintion and their selective methylation under different conditions, as well as their biological activity. Therefore, among these compounds, 2-substituted It is desirable to systematically study the synthesis of quinazolin- 4-one and -thiones, to determine the factors affecting the course of reactions, to carry out some chemical changes of the obtained 2-substituted quinazolin- 4-one and -thiones and their derivatives, and to identify new biologically active compounds.
Dependence of the uniformity of feed mixing in the feed mixing device of the granulation line on the number of paddle shaft revolutions and mixing time
Authors: Astanakulov Komil , Borotov Atkham , Tursunov Jakhongir , Tursunov Shokir , Suzana Ariffin Aini
Published: April 2024

Today, 87 percent of the number of cattle, as well as 90 percent of the number of sheep and goats in Uzbekistan are cared for by farmers. 85-90 percent of the number of livestock in our Republic belongs to peasant farms, and the preparation of feed for the livestock kept in these peasant farms should be implemented using best practices and modern technologies in developed countries, increasing the competitiveness and economic efficiency of the livestock sector is important. Based on the aforementioned information, a small-sized granulation line and a feed mixing device were created that are comparable to large-sized devices in terms of work quality and meet small livestock and poultry farms in terms of size, productivity, and energy consumption. The homogeneity of the feed mixing ratio in relation to the device’s paddle shaft rotation count and mixing duration was investigated through experimentation. The results of the trials showed that when the feed mixer paddle rotor was turning at a speed of 50 revolutions per minute and the mixing period was set for five minutes, the optimal mixing quality of ground wheat grain, ground maize grain, ground rice, and wheat bran for the manufacturing of granular feed was reached.
Method for automated diagnostics of the technical condition of a feed crusher
Authors: Novikov Mikhail , Smelik Victor , Gimaltdinov Ildus , Ilyasov Talgat , Yakushev Adel , Andronov Alexandr
Published: April 2024

The material of the scientific article represents a separate stage of research on a topical topic dedicated to increasing the economic efficiency of feed mills. The solution to this problem significantly depends on the technical condition and quality of the work process carried out by technological equipment. Based on an analysis of the state of the issue on the topic under consideration, it was established that the most important and energy-intensive operation of the feed preparation process is grinding, performed in feed crushers. A study of the operating conditions of hammer crushers revealed the least reliable working element - the grinding rotor, the technical condition of which is determined by wear of the support bearings, increased vibration and imbalance. In order to substantiate the method of automated diagnostics of rotor malfunctions during operation, determine the accuracy of manufacturing crushers at factories, and assess the quality of service and repair at service enterprises, a scheme for static and dynamic loading of the rotor has been developed.
Angular displacement measurement and control sensors of agricultural robot-manipulators
Authors: Mustafoqulov Almardon , Baratov Rustam , Radjapov Zafar , Kadirov Sardor , Urinov Bogibek
Published: April 2024

This article describes the types of agricultural robots, robotic manipulators, and the challenges that arise when measuring their rotation mechanisms. The reasons for their appearance, the physical and technical phenomena occurring in the process are explained. Measurement transducers with different modes of operation required for their measurement are analyzed and the main requirements for these transducers are presented. In addition, this paper presents sensors for controlling the rotating parts of an energy-saving, intelligent robot for picking tomatoes. One of the main goals of this research is to measure and control the change of rotating parts of energy-saving robotic manipulators used in agriculture to develop modern farming, save energy and harvest quality products. The novelty of this research is that the rotating part of the robotic manipulators is controlled depending on the type of product and its size.
Mathematical modeling of food production technological processes in a computer training complex for operator education
Authors: Mokrushin Sergey A. , Polevshchikov Ivan S.
Published: April 2024

A computer training complex (CTC) structure has been designed for training food production operators, comprising interconnected subsystems generating output parameters. This CTC structure enables the configuration and storage of knowledge on specific technological processes, facilitating the customization of exercises by instructors. Individualized exercises are generated for students to perform in a virtual production environment, utilizing computer programs, tablets, smartphones, or simulated production equipment, including VR/AR technologies. During exercises, student actions are automatically recorded, and a quantitative assessment is provided based on standards, forming a comprehensive evaluation. A mathematical model, represented by a Markov transition graph, captures various states of the virtual production environment during simulated processes at the CTC. This model serves as the basis for constructing specific technological process models in the food industry, tailored to CTC hardware, software, and training methodologies. The methodology presented streamlines the development of training courses for CTC exercises, enhancing personnel knowledge and skills in food production. By utilizing these models, methods, and algorithms, CTCs can be tailored for training operators in diverse food production sectors. The approach outlined simplifies course creation, ensuring personnel development at the desired proficiency level through exercise quality assessment algorithms.
A bibliographical analysis of papers of cotton-picking machinery for the period 1972-2023 on Scopus database
Authors: Khudaykuliev R. R. , Normatov M. K. , Boltaev A. Sh. , Kadirov I. R.
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a bibliographical analysis of scientific research on cotton-picking machinery, focusing on countries, years, authors, and publishers involved in this field. The study utilizes materials from the Scopus database, describing the sequence of analyses and presenting the results through graphs and histograms. Cotton is a crucial product for human life, and its ecologically clean demand is increasing yearly. Traditional cotton growing remains relevant in Uzbekistan, where cotton picking by machine is essential due to labor-intensive and expensive manual methods. The international cotton industry actively participates in creating and using cotton-picking machines, with more than 90 countries growing cotton on 32 million hectares, including Uzbekistan’s 1.07 million hectares. Since the 1970s, the USA and Uzbekistan have been the primary countries improving cotton-picking machines based on scientific and practical research. However, by the 21st century, countries like China, India, Turkey, and Israel have joined this field. This study aims to ensure that cotton-picking machines produced in Uzbekistan meet state standards by analyzing scientific research in this field, studying the advantages and disadvantages of machines from various countries, and staying updated on the latest developments through the Scopus database.
Navigation systems for agricultural machinery for adaptive-landscape farming
Authors: Nasritdinova Umida , Ko‘kiyev Boburmirzo , Аtaxanova Svetlana , Ozodboyev Ismail , Seytimbetov Samat
Published: April 2024

The GLONASS navigator is a versatile tool with diverse applications spanning air, sea, and land navigation. In agriculture, it facilitates adaptive-landscape farming by tailoring practices to specific soil and climate conditions, reducing search costs, and enhancing accuracy for surveyors and farmers. Beyond agriculture, GLONASS technology revolutionizes transportation by enabling shorter flight times, optimizing traffic flow, and even supporting aircraft control with autonomous landing prototypes. Its integration into various devices like watches, mobile phones, cars, and GPS-equipped dog collars further extends its utility. The widespread adoption of GLONASS in navigation and traffic management promises enhanced efficiency and safety across industries, including agriculture. As this technology evolves and becomes more accessible, its potential applications are poised to expand, offering exciting prospects for the future of adaptive-landscape farming and navigation across land, water, and air. While GLONASS is a powerful tool for navigation globally, it may face limitations in signal reception in underground areas like parking lots, caves, and chambers.
Information system related to the phytosanitary condition analysis of territories
Authors: Burnashev Marat R. , Yakovleva Vera A. , Nesterenkova Anastasia E. , Zinnikov Denis F.
Published: April 2024

The article describes the rationale for the development of an information system in order to perform the tasks of Rosselkhoznadzor on the analysis of phytosanitary status of territories, which includes planning and results of plans for quarantine phytosanitary monitoring of territories, results of phytomonitoring of pests of quarantine importance for major importing countries of Russian grain and analysis of quarantine phytosanitary status of territories. Functions, structure and information objects of this information system, roles of information system users are described. The results of information system implementation in the practice of the Russian Plant Quarantine Service are evaluated, such as increase of efficiency of the Rosselkhoznadzor function on control and supervision in the field of plant quarantine, ensuring compliance with quarantine phytosanitary requirements of importing countries, which significantly increased the export potential of the Russian Federation, significantly reduce the risk of damage caused by the spread of quarantine objects on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Theoretical principles of formation of homogeneous fuel mixtures in diesels
Authors: Khakimov Bakhadir , Sharipov Zayniddin , Umirov Nashir , Aliqulov Sadulla , Berdimurodov Usmon
Published: April 2024

The article discusses molecular changes in the working mixture based on the composition of the biofuel blend. Theoretical calculations on the variations in heat release rates and fuel particle velocities reveal differing increases in heat utilization efficiency across various flow sections during atomization at different time intervals. The movement conditions of particles within the combustion chamber vary, particularly in fuels with multicomponent mixtures. Notably, a significant number of droplets (up to 20 million) of varying sizes are observed. Under these circumstances, abrupt spraying speeds are not recommended as they lead to fuel accumulation around the burner, hindering the combustion process. Furthermore, the article introduces analytical relationships aimed at promoting turbulence in flows of diverse fuels within the combustion chamber through the intensive mixing and throttling of fuel mixtures with varying compositions.
Improving the processing accuracy of the puller shaft of the cotton harvesting machine controlling the dynamic system parameters
Authors: Sulyukova L. F. , Djumaev S. N. , Avazov Ikromjon , Muratov Lochinbek
Published: April 2024

The article is dedicated to improving the accuracy of shaft turning by controlling the elastically deformed state of the part during processing. This study is conducted on the example of a puller shaft of a cotton harvesting machine, which belongs to the class of non-rigid parts such as bodies of rotation. To evaluate the possibilities of the method and establish theoretical patterns of the behavior of the part during transverse-longitudinal bending, the equation of the elastic line of a non-rigid shaft is solved. An integral assessment is adopted as a criterion of the accuracy in controlling elastic deformations of a technological system.
Determination of the influence of the electrohydraulic effect on succulent plant raw materials
Authors: Eshpulatov Nodir , Khushboqov Botir
Published: April 2024

The study is aimed at assessing the influence of the electrohydraulic effect on succulent plant raw materials. Experimental data show that the use of electrohydraulic effect helps to increase the juice yield of raw materials due to the active effect on the protoplasm of cells and increasing their permeability. It has been established that the optimal processing mode using the electrohydraulic method at 7 kV and 1 μF provides maximum juice yield, especially for pulp with a liquid consistency, such as grape pulp. Microscopy results revealed changes in cell structure, confirming the effectiveness of this treatment method. The developed experimental electrohydraulic effect installation takes into account the scientific findings obtained and represents a promising means for processing grape pulp in a stream. Thus, the study confirms the significance and potential of using the electro-hydraulic method to improve the production process in the food industry.
Development and justification of the parameters of a destemmer for dried grapes
Authors: Rakhmatov Orifjon , Rakhmatov Olimjon , Rakhmatov Firdavs
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the design features of a destemmer for dried grapes in order to remove the ridges and stalks from them. A series of experiments were carried out on the destemmer design developed by the author, as a result of which the patterns of interaction of various working bodies with dried grapes were established. The most effective operating modes of the destemmer and the optimal parameters of the working parts have been established. Based on the results of a serial industrial test, it was established that this design has a high degree of crushing of bunches and cleaning of dried grapes.
Poultry analysis and research on the preparation of crushed blue grass feed for poultry
Authors: Astanakulov Komil , Navid Hossein , Khatamov Azizbek , Kurbanov Abdimalik , Karshieva Bogdagul , Adukadirov Shavkat , Jurayeva Nilufar
Published: April 2024

Poultry is considered an important part of the biosystem. The demand for poultry meat in the world is increasing, and it is currently the second place among the meat products grown and consumed with 34 percent, and by 2030 it is expected to take the first place. The analysis of the state of poultry breeding in the world and in Uzbekistan was carried out. Currently, in Uzbekistan, great importance is attached to the development of poultry farming, and more chickens, quails, turkeys, geese and ducks are raised. If we take into account that these birds also eat blue grass and feeding them with blue grass is also beneficial for growth and development, it is reasonable to introduce chopped blue grass to the diet of the birds during the 1st phase: 18-45 weeks of age and the 2nd phase: 46-65 weeks of age. A device for crushing green grass has been developed. In this device, the crushed grass contains up to 5.9% of fractions larger than 20 mm, and when they are given to birds of the above age, they do not bend and come out, so it is necessary to separate them before feeding them to the birds.