bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investment and innovation in central and eastern european firms – recent trends and the path ahead
Authors: Ferrazzi Matteo , Schanz Jochen , Wolski Marcin
Published: November 2024

The European Union has a competitiveness problem. It has not been able to keep the pace of growth of its peers, particularly the USA and China, in the last fifteen years. At the same time the EU member countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)2 have been successfully converging towards higher income levels; they were able to attract Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and increasingly participate in the international supply chains. However, such a convergence process is losing steam and their competitive position needs to be upgraded
Stochastic Super-resolution of Cosmological Simulations with Denoising Diffusion Models
Authors: Schanz Andreas , List Florian , Hahn Oliver
Published: November 2024

In recent years, deep learning models have been successfully employed for augmenting low-resolution cosmological simulations with small-scale information, a task known as “super-resolution”. So far, these cosmological super-resolution models have relied on generative adversarial networks (GANs), which can achieve highly realistic results, but suffer from various shortcomings (e.g. low sample diversity). We introduce denoising diffusion models as a powerful generative model for super-resolving cosmic large-scale structure predictions (as a first proof-of-concept in two dimensions). To obtain accurate results down to small scales, we develop a new “filter-boosted” training approach that redistributes the importance of different scales in the pixel-wise training objective. We demonstrate that our model not only produces convincing super-resolution images and power spectra consistent at the percent level, but is also able to reproduce the diversity of small-scale features consistent with a given low-resolution simulation. This enables uncertainty quantification for the generated small-scale features, which is critical for the usefulness of such super-resolution models as a viable surrogate model for cosmic structure formation.
Vitiligo Cases in the Out-Patient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Rahaman Md Mahabubur , Siddique Mohammad Rahmat Ullah , Asma Anzirun Nahar , Akter Sabrina
Published: November 2024

Background: The prevalence of vitiligo has been reported to range from 0.1% to 8% worldwide. It has a low mortality rate but a high morbidity cost because of its psychological and social effects. Type-1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroid disease and other autoimmune illnesses have been linked to this condition. This study was performed to assess the occurence of vitiligo among males and females and the epidemiological status of vitiligo in a tertiary Hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3,212 adults (1,429 males and 1,783 females) in a community of Dhaka between October 2022 and May 2023 at OPD of Delta Medical College. Face-to face interviews were conducted at the OPD of Delta Medical College for each participant and all respondents had their skin examined by dermatologists. The risks of comorbidities associated with vitiligo were evaluated.
Results: In this particular research project, most vitiligo patients were between the ages of 13 and 60 years. According to this research, the average age of vitiligo patients was 35.5 years. Here, the proportion rate for this is 2.74%. The ratio of male participants to female participants in this research was M:F = 1:1.51. Only 88 out of the 24 cases were stable, whereas around 64 were unstable. The focused kind of vitiligo was shown to be the most prevalent form of the condition in this particular research.
Conclusion: Vitiligo was most common among individuals in Dhaka in their middle 30s and the incidence of the condition rise with age. In adult patients, vitiligo was connected with higher risks of alopecia areata, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and atopic dermatitis.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 17-21
Learning in the Policy Making Process: A Critical Review from the Environmental Policy of Hong Kong
Authors: Rumana Afroz
Published: November 2024

Reviewing three cases of policy issues in Hong Kong, this paper tries to demonstrate how the challenges were dealt for policy formulation and how the concept of policy learning can assist in developing a better understanding of the policy making process which is a vital part of planning. Policy is not simply a single decision implemented in a linear fashion, rather in practice policies generally consist of a broad course of action which happens sequentially being unpredicted. The findings show that in order to bring the stake holders and actors more effectively into problem solving, three conditions must be fulfilled- common goal of stakeholders, acknowledgement of each other’s role, recognition of the ability and power. Then the policy can get a shape and work efficiently. It is recommended that to Hong Kong government needs to balance the needs between stakeholders to prevail an equilibrium condition among economy, environment and people.
Vol. 6, December 2013, pp. 35-47
Compost Fertilizer from Municipal Solid Wastes and its Application in Urban Agro-forestry Nurseries: A Case Study on Khulna City
Authors: Tusar Kanti Roy  , Saima Rahman  , Papon Kumar Dev
Published: November 2024

About 70% of the total produced 520 tons of municipal solid wastes per day in Khulna city is organic and suitable for preparation of compost fertilizer. Among the NGOs involved in solid waste management only RUSTIC at present is producing about 30 tons compost per month on its own plant of 0.47 acre land using only 46 tons (0.53%) from 8730 tons. Additional 5663 tons of compost per month can be produced from the unused 8684 tons (99.47%) of organic wastes. In spite of having huge demand for organic compost, only 33% agro-forestry nurseries in Khulna city and its adjoining areas are using the compost fertilizer claiming its low quality and due to having lack of awareness. The compost can be used to the city nurseries for increasing their productivity, reducing the volume of waste to be disposed of and thereby to create healthier urban environment of Khulna city.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 6, Dec 2013, pp. 191-199
The Contribution of Residential Planning to Enhance the Sustainability of a High Density City: The Case of Hong Kong
Authors: Satu Shammi Akter
Published: November 2024

Residential planning policy influences the spatial distribution of population and associated facilities and the living environment of the people. The planning of residential area in general and housing as a core component in particular contribute towards the local and global sustainability. Since housing is a key constituent of the built environment and itself is multi-faceted in nature exerting impacts on economic, environmental, social and cultural aspects, its development has to be sustainable in the fullest sense of the word if cities intend to strive for sustainable development. In the high density cities, careful attention is needed for residential planning since more people and activities compete for the scarce land resources in such cities. Hong Kong is well known for its high-density and highrise developments. The paper aims to investigate the contribution of residential planning in enhancing sustainability of Hong Kong as a high density city. At the beginning of the paper, the growth pattern and residential planning of Hong Kong is described in a brief. Then the concept of sustainability and incorporation of the concept in Hong Kong development are discussed. At last, the role of residential planning in enhancing the sustainability of Hong Kong has been critically evaluated. The paper argues that although the principles of residential planning of Hong Kong are contributing to environmental sustainability of the city, the social sustainability has received least attention.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 7, Dec 2014, pp. 33-42
Landslide in Chittagong City: A Perspective on Hill Cutting
Authors: Chisty Kutub Uddin
Published: November 2024

Hills are our resources. Plundering of hills is a crime; a crime against our environment and sustainability. Chittagong has already lost a number of hills to the land grabbers due to massive hill cutting. A number of undulating hills located in Chittagong but hills which have already been cutting for housing purposes can no longer to residential area development. Unplanned hill cutting in the Chittagong city has become a major humanitarian issue when it occur landslides. Every year landslide is causing death of valuable lives and property loss. Strategies are adapted for hill preservation in Chittagong city master plan and detail area plan (DAP) but lack of interorganizational coordination sustainable land management is not carrying out activities related to hill cutting. City is expanded as hill cutting in city area is also increased. The present paper focuses on the land cover changing profile and hill cutting scenarios of Chittagong city corporation area and how hill cutting sequenced landslide. The landslide tragedies in Chittagong city are the examples of law enforcement failure. Once lost, it won’t be able to get them back so planning intervention is necessary.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 7, Dec 2014, pp. 79-95
#AIRPforlife
Authors: Sternfeld Pavia Luisa
Published: November 2024

No abstract
Effective Questioning in the Classroom: An Overview of the Techniques Used by Instructors
Authors: Ghafar Zanyar Nathir , Hazaymeh Omar
Published: November 2024

The objective of this research is to examine the effectiveness of the questioning strategies used by instructors in the classroom. Effective questioning strategies are crucial in the process of teaching and learning. Effective questioning tactics help instructors in obtaining feedback from students on their comprehension of the subject matter. This article outlines the questioning strategies that teachers must be familiar with in order to facilitate classroom teaching and learning sessions effectively. These tactics include capturing students' attention and using an appropriate voice. Request to temporarily halt, examine the substance of the questions, and analyze the method of disseminating the questions. Enhancing student motivation and developing positive, critical, and creative thinking among students is crucial for improving the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The study findings showed that enhancing the process of education and learning in academic places is essential to building positive, critical, and creative thinking among students as well as increasing the level of motivation among students.
Institutionalist Thought: Ceremonial-Instrumental Dichotomy of the Veblen-Ayres Tradition
Authors: Orth Caroline de Oliveira , Coelho Fabiano , Feitosa Marlla de Oliveira , Macagnan Clea Beatriz
Published: November 2024

Veblen and Ayres’ ceremonial-instrumental dichotomy is considered the analytical core of Old Institutional Theory (OIT). This view offers a distinct perspective for analyzing economic issues. The object of economics is studied at the level of cultural generalization, not individual generalization (as neoclassicists do). Human behavior is understood as a process of cumulative adaptation to contextual circumstances. Thus, understanding the meaning of the dichotomy – of doing things and making social distinctions, and of its application to illuminate modern economic problems – deserves attention. This systematic literature review describes the main theoretical, analytical, methodological, and empirical contributions to the ceremonial-instrumental dichotomy of the Veblen-Ayres tradition. To this end, articles on the topic published in the last 46 years were reviewed, which resulted in the analysis of 45 articles, which can be classified as a) conceptual b) methodological; c) empirical, and d) literature reviews. This body of analysis provided insights that lead to inferring the possibility of research in different fields of social sciences.
Does Intellectual Capital Influence Firm's Financial Performance in Bangladesh?
Authors: Rana Md. Sohel , Hossain Syed Zabid
Published: November 2024

This paper aimed to find the effects of intellectual capital and its components on firms’ financial performance in Bangladesh. A sample of 100 firms comprised of 48 manufacturing, 21 services, and 31 banking companies was studied for five years from 2017 to 2021, setting 500 firm-year observations. Data was collected purposively from secondary sources, such as annual reports of sampled companies. The robust fixed-effect regression model using STATA 14.2 software was applied to test the hypothesis due to autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity problems. The regression results documented that overall IC, human capital efficiency (HCE), and capital employed efficiency (CEE) positively and significantly enhanced the ROA and ROE of the firms. However, structural capital efficiency (SCE) and relational capital efficiency (RCE) negatively and insignificantly influenced the same. The study contributes to resource-based theory using econometric methods to extend the samples of both financial and non-financial companies. This study helps investors, managers, policy-makers, governments, and accounting regulatory bodies regarding the utilization pattern of invisible and tangible resources in Bangladeshi firms.
Стратегічне управління банком в сучасних умовах
Authors: Kharabara Violetta , Greshko Roman , Tkach Ivan , Kharabara Volodymyr
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: полягає в узагальнені понять “стратегія”, “стратегічне управління” та дослідження його ролі у формуванні та розвитку банківської системи України.
Метод дослідження: основними методами дослідження є: теоретично-емпіричний, формації та оцінювання матеріалу.
Результати дослідження полягає у донесені до широкого кола науковців специфіки вибору стратегій щодо управління у банківській сфері.
Теоретична цінність дослідження: теоретична цінність дослідження визначена у науковому обґрунтовані стратегії як фундаменту успішного стратегічного управління банком та сучасних умовах функціонування банківської системи, основною вимогою є постійний пошук нових підходів до формування та реалізації стратегій.
Практична цінність дослідження: практичне значення одержаних результатів полягає в тому, що практичні рекомендації у комплексі формують підґрунтя для підвищення ефективності функціонування суб’єктів банківської системи у контексті забезпечення стратегічного управління.
Майбутні дослідження: майбутні дослідження  будуть сконцентровані на аналізі підходів щодо стратегічного управління, оцінки та тестуванні в реальних умовах, щодо застосування стратегічного управління.
Тип статті: теоретичний, описовий.
Розробка математичної моделі підвищення ефективності проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт в умовах можливого бойового ураження
Authors: Strelets Viktor , Malovyk Ighor , Stepanchuk Serhii , Strelec Valery , Khyzhniak Andrii , Valchenko Oleksander
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: розробка математичної моделі підвищення ефективності проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт в умовах можливого бойового ураження.
Дизайн/Метод/Підхід дослідження: застосування теорії множин.
Результати дослідження: вперше розроблено математичну модель підвищення ефективності проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт в умовах можливого бойового ураження.
Теоретична цінність дослідження: обґрунтована можливість отримання закономірностей діяльності рятувальників не тільки безпосередньо в ході проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт, але й під час їх навчання та тренування, у тому разі на спеціалізованих тренажерних (навчально-тренувальних) комплексах або за допомогою імітаційних систем, які повністю реалізуються на ЕОМ.
Практична цінність дослідження: розроблена математична модель має стати науковим підґрунтям методики скорочення часу проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт рятувальниками ДСНС в умовах можливого бойового ураження.
Оригінальність/Цінність дослідження: визначення функціональної структури процесу розкриття закономірностей проведення аварійно-рятувальних робіт в умовах можливого бойового ураження у вигляді відповідної множини функцій розкриття закономірностей діяльності рятувальників надає можливість проводити аналіз функцій системи «рятувальник – засоби захисту та забезпечення аварійно-рятувальних робіт – надзвичайна ситуація з можливістю бойового ураження» незалежно від рівня її складності.
Обмеження дослідження/Майбутні дослідження: необхідність проведення багаточисельних експериментальних досліджень для підтвердження достовірності розробленої математичної моделі та ефективності методики скорочення часу аварійно-рятувальних робіт в умовах можливого бойового ураження на її основі.
Тип статті: аналітичний.
Relevance of Aceh's Qanun Jinayat in Minimizing Cases of Sexual Harassment against Children in Aceh
Authors: Wiwin Widiarti  , Erika Magdalena Chandra  , Rully Herdita Ramadhani
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe the relevance of Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law as a legal regulation used to address cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh. This is considered important because until now cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh have continued to increase every year. In addition, Aceh is a region that has special regulations that are formed based on Islamic law and customary law. Therefore, the provisions relating to sexual Harassment in Aceh are different from other provincial areas that use the Child Protection Law, the Sexual Violence Crime Law or Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The study was conducted using a sociological legal research method with descriptive analytical writing specifications. The focus of this study is on how the relevance of Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law is in minimizing the number of cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh, thus causing this study to be different from previous studies. The results of this study indicate that Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law has not been able to optimally address cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh. It is because the five factors that influence the effectiveness of the implementation of Qanun Jinayat in Aceh have not been effective until now. The five factors are legal factors, law enforcement factors, facilities and infrastructure factors, community factors and cultural factors. In addition, the provisions of the threat of sanctions contained in Qanun Jinayat when associated with the theory of just desert and the theory of the purpose of punishment in Islamic criminal law are still relatively light so that they have an impact on the unprotection of children's rights as victims and do not provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators.
Epigenetic Mechanisms of the Anti-inflammatory Action of the Opioid Peptide Leutragin: Role of Sirtuin 1
Authors: Pomytkin I. A. , Ogneva N. S. , Fokin Yu. V. , Petrova N. V. , Alimkina O. V. , Karkischenko V. N.
Published: November 2024

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a class III histone deacetylase that plays a key role in resolving inflammation through known epigenetic mechanisms involving histone and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) deacetylation. Deacetylation reduces the transcriptional activity of NF-κB and the associated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). In the present study, we show for the first time that biomodeling of acute lung inflammation by a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces synchronous oscillations of mRNA levels of cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and SIRT1 deacetylase in the lungs, the maximum amplitudes of cytokine mRNA oscillations are observed between 1.5 and 5 hours, whereas high levels of SIRT1 mRNA are observed up to 24 hours, when cytokine mRNA oscillations have already faded, which is consistent with the hypothesis about the role of SIRT1 as a factor acting in the phase of inflammation resolution. The study shows that the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of inhaled hexapeptide Leutragin, a δ-opioid receptor agonist, is related to its ability to increase SIRT1 mRNA expression and decrease the amplitudes of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA oscillations in the lungs, which generally leads to the resolution of inflammation in the conditions of biomodeling of acute lung inflammation.
Morphological Changes in the Brain During Toxic Injury
Authors: Gaikova O. N. , Kozlov A. A. , Katretskaya G. G. , Melnikova M. V. , Melekhova A. S. , Sokolova Yu. O. , Bazhanova E. D.
Published: November 2024

Toxic damage to various tissues of the body is accompanied by dystrophic and necrotic processes. The nervous system is most susceptible to the influence of exogenous substances both of a chemical and biological nature. Dystrophy is a complex pathological process, which is based on a violation of cell nutrition, leading to age-related and structural changes, as well as neurodegeneration. In toxic lesions, cell death can occur through either necrosis or apoptosis.
Reducing the Сardiotoxicity of Daunorubicin by Conjugation with Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones
Authors: Globa A. A. , Semakov A. V. , Pukhov S. A. , Afanasyeva S. V. , Anikina L. V.
Published: November 2024

We present the results of a histological study into the cardiotoxicity of conjugates of daunorubicin with dehydrocostus lactone and epoxyisoalantolactone in mature male mice of the C57BL/6 line. The effect of conjugates on the morphology of cardiomyocytes and the structure of the left ventricular myocardium in mice was studied.
Screening of Cholinoreceptor Agonists in Experimental Model on Daphnia magna Straus
Authors: Bondarenko A. A.
Published: November 2024

The acute toxicity and the ability of cholinoreceptor agonists to induce atypical motor hyperactivity in zoohydrobionts Daphnia magna Straus, equivalent to a significant seizure state in warm-blooded animals, were evaluated. Determination of this test function may be useful in screening assessment of pharmacological activity of cholinergic substances.
Efficacy Assessment of Dual Combined Therapy in Experimental Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Ivkin D. Yu. , Krasnova M. V. , Karpov A. A. , Okovitiy S. V. , Kulikov A. N.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of experimental studies into the efficacy of dual combinations of conventional drugs for the basic treatment of chronic heart failure with empagliflozin when modeling the pathology in laboratory outbred rats. As part of the study, survival, physical tolerance, and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. The most effective combination was found to be the therapy by empagliflozin with fosinopril. In this case, the six-month survival rate achieved 90%; a greater tolerance to physical activity was observed (50% increase in relation to animals in the pathology group without treatment); shortening and  ejection fractions increased by 25%.
Metabolic Response of Laboratory Rats to Extreme Hyperthermia
Authors: Kim A. E. , Shustov E. B.
Published: November 2024

The dynamics of basic parameters of metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the blood serum of rats was studied during the formation of a state of hyperthermia (exposure to air at a temperature of +40 °C for 60 min). It was found that the albumin/globulin ratio, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood electrolytes, as well as the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase under short-term heat exposure did not have statistically significant differences from the values in the state of normothermia. The level of lipid hydroperoxides and reduced glutathione changes significantly already during the mobilization phase of thermoregulatory mechanisms. The dynamics of these indicators are stable, which allows these indicators to be correlated with hyperthermia itself.
Preventive Effects of Polyprenols from the Needles of Aabies sibirica under the Influence of Adverse Factors
Authors: Melnikova M. V. , Shustov E. B. , Zolotoverkhaya E. A. , Kubarskaya L. G. , Bondarenko A. A. , Belskaya A. V. , Vataeva A. A.
Published: November 2024

Currently, biologically active substances of natural origin are widely used as preventative agents. The search and development of new drugs for the prevention and correction of nonspecific disorders of the body’s resistance to adverse effects in environment continues. A preclinic assessment of the effectiveness of polyprenols from Siberian fir Abies sibirica was carried out when used prophylactically for two weeks. It has been shown that the effect of polyprenols is manifested by antioxidant, anabolic activity and stimulation of hematopoiesis in an experimental model of combined poisoning with carbendazim and X-ray irradiation.
A Nietzschean tafsīr for Nazi Germany: The Commentary to Sadr-ud-Dīn’s Qur’an of 1939
Authors: Jonker Gerdien
Published: November 2024

This contribution traces the history of the German Qur'an edition published by the Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’at-e-Islam Lahore (Lahore-Ahmadiyya) in Berlin in 1939. Maulvi Sadr-ud-Dīn, the Lahore-Ahmadiyya missionary who erected the first mosque in Berlin, fashioned the translation. To reach out to a German audience gearing up for war, he entrusted his Berlin collaborator, the philosopher Hugo Marcus, with the details of the commentary. The narrative starts in 1924, when Tatar intellectuals first sat down with Sadr-ud-Dīn to discuss the necessity of preparing Qur'an editions for European readers. It ends with the publication of the German Qur'an at the moment Germans were finalising their war preparations.

Hugo Marcus’ approach to his commentary involved relating single Qur'an verses to Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy, focusing on genius, heroism, and suffering. In making that choice, he connected the Qur'anic text to the Herrenethik (‘ethics of male superiority’) that pervaded National-Socialist (Nazi) ideology. From this emerged an exegesis full of delusions about masculinity and racist arrogance. A comparison with Hugo Marcus’ writings of the 1930s illustrates how it was wrought.

In their approach to racism, nationalism, and war, Ahmadi Muslim missionaries and German Muslims in Berlin differed considerably. In their many attempts to bridge East and West through religion, their disagreements on these issues present a pivotal moment in intercultural communication, leaving an imprint on how the Qur'an was explained in Sadr-ud-Dīn's translation. Whereas the Lahore-Ahmadiyya tried to smooth the way towards an ‘international religion’ and defended the ‘Jihad of the Pen’, German Muslims steered close to the expectations of a frenzied, war-minded public. A straightforward document, Hugo Marcus’ tafsīr served to exonerate them in advance, wherever they were heading.
A.S. Madsen's Danish Translation of the Qur'an and the Ahmadiyya Mission in Scandinavia
Authors: Eggen Nora S.
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the publication history and different functions of the first complete translation of the Qur'an into the Danish language. First introduced in 1960 but published in its final form in 1967, Abdus Salam (Svend Åge) Madsen's (1928–2007) translation is also the first Scandinavian translation of the Qur'an with an explicit commitment to the Qur'anic truth claims and message. Embedded in the institutional and doctrinal framework of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at (AMJ), Madsen intended this translation to be instrumental to the Islamic, and in particular the Ahmadi, missionary program in Europe, in which converts such as himself had taken on important roles from the 1930s onwards. Madsen took inspiration from a number of sources, but he also exercised individual interpretative agency both in the inscribed interpretation in the translated text and in the discursive interpretation in his commentary, and his translation has been of major significance in the history of Scandinavian translations embedded in the AMJ, as well as the Scandinavian history of Qur'an translation in general.
A kamrai izomzat szerkezetével és működésével kapcsolatos új ismeretek jelentősége a mindennapi klinikai gyakorlatban
Authors: Vályi Péter , Kékes Ede
Published: November 2024

– A forma és funkció összefüggése a kardiológiában is fontos. A szív igen összetett, háromdimenziós működését csak akkor érthetjük meg, ha a szívizomról, elsősorban a kamrai myocardiumról, annak szerkezetéről, működéséről alkotott korábbi ismereteinket rendszeresen felülvizsgáljuk. A kamrai izomzat rétegszerű szerkezete alapján ma már nem vagy csak korlátozottan érthetők meg a korszerű vizsgálóeljárások (például mágneses rezonanciás képalkotás, a szív deformálódásának az elemzése) eredményei, nem vagy alig érthetők a szív szerkezetváltozásával kapcsolatos funkcióváltozások. A kamrai izomzatnak a helicalis köteg (helical ventricular myocardial band) modellje alapján érthető meg, hogy a kamrák izomzata miért képez funkcionális egységet, miért képes a bal kamra szűkülni, tágulni, deformálódni, elfordulni, csavarodni, ezekkel ellentétes irányú mozgásokat végezni, amelyek alapvetően befolyásolják a szisztolés és a diasztolés működést. A szívciklussal kapcsolatos korábbi ismeretek is felülvizsgálásra szorulnak. A kamrák működése nem homogén módon változik meg a szív betegségeiben, hanem az egyes szerkezeti elemek károsodásának a típusától, annak mértékétől függően változnak a szív funkciójának az összetevői. Mindezek ma már jól elemezhetők a korszerű vizsgálóeljárásokkal. A szívbetegségek mai kezelése jelenleg még elsősorban a funkcióváltozások, azok következményeinek a befolyásolására épül. A jövő kezelésének a szerkezeti változások megelőzésére, a károsodott kamrai szerkezet reparációjára, rekonstrukciójára kell irányulnia, ami a funkcionális következményeket is visszafordíthatja, mérsékelheti.
IgA-nephropathia – 1. rész. Epidemiológia, patogenezis, klinikum
Authors: Kurucz Petra Anna , Tislér András
Published: November 2024

Az IgA-nephropathia a primer glomerulonephritisek leggyakoribb formája és a veseelégtelenség kialakulásának egyik vezető oka. A kórkép patogenezisének leírására a négycsapás-modellt alkalmazzuk, amelynek kulcselemei az aberráns galaktózdeficiens IgA képződése, az ez elleni autoantitesttermelődés és ezáltal immunkomplexek kialakulása, majd ezek lerakódása a vese mesangiumában, ahol ennek eredményeként lokális gyulladás és immunválasz jön létre. A betegség megjelenési formája kifejezetten heterogén, a tünetmentes, esetenként makroszkópos haematuriától kezdve az aszimptómás haematurián és proteinurián át egészen a rapidan progrediáló glomerulonephritisig bármilyen klinikai képben jelentkezhet, jellemző lefolyása azonban a lassú progresszió a végstádiumú veseelégtelenség eléréséig. Az IgA-nephropathia diagnózisa csak vesebiopsziával állítható fel, amelynek immunfluoreszcens mikroszkóppal való vizsgálata során domináns IgA-mintázat látható a glomerularis depozitumokban. Mivel az IgA-nephropathiára nem létezik betegségspecifikus kezelés, az érintett betegek esetében az első lépés a rizikóstratifikáció végzése, majd a rizikóbesorolás alapján döntés a kezelés formájáról. Maximális szupportív terápia mellett számos egyéb terápiás lehetőség is szóba jöhet a gondozás során, mint szisztémás glükokortikoidok vagy célzott felszabadulású budezonid használata, endothelinreceptor-antagonisták alkalmazása, illetve a betegek klinikai vizsgálatokba való bevonása. A közleménysorozat jelen első részében a patogenezist és klinikai megjelenést, míg a második részben a kezelés lehetséges módozatait foglaljuk össze.
Trust in the Judiciary and Partisan Reactions to Judicial Checks: Evidence from Argentina
Authors: Gandur Martín
Published: November 2024

How does judicial behavior influence public support for the judiciary? I argue that judicial checks on the government shape citizens’ attitudes about judicial institutions at large, but these effects are driven by instrumental considerations, namely partisanship. I suggest that salient judicial checks—as instances of interbranch conflicts—provide citizens with instrumental information that shapes their beliefs about the judiciary. I hypothesize that court rulings limiting the government’s power undermine support for the judiciary among individuals aligned with the incumbent, but increase support among opposition sympathizers. I exploit the timing of two judicial decisions in Argentina, which invalidated a salient judicial reform promoted by the government in 2013. Using data from a survey fielded before and after the rulings, I show that the decisions significantly decreased government supporters’ trust in the judiciary, while opposition supporters increased their trust. Suggestive evidence provides support for the proposed mechanism—that judicial checks expose citizens to instrumental information.
Novel Method to compute the Sum of Geometric Series on Real Numbers
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, the growing complexity of mathematical and computational modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical equations to solve today’s scientific problems and meet challenges. In this paper, the author introduces a novel technique to compute the sum of geometric series on real numbers. This computational technique can enable the students and scholars to enhance their research knowledge in the area of computing and mathematical sciences.
Irradiance modeling of tubular ultraviolet light bulbs
Authors: Li Peiyang , Koziel Jacek A. , Walz William B. , Yedilbayev Bauyrzhan , Ramirez Brett C.
Published: November 2024

Clean indoor air is crucial for human lives in residential and workplace settings, including food safety and supply chains. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, disinfecting air has become vital for the public as the SARS-CoV-2 virus and other infectious diseases transmit via inhalable aerosols. Ultraviolet (UV) light is known to be effective in disinfecting air. However, it is still challenging to properly design practical UV applications with common light design software. Visible light analysis software, AGi32, assists architectural applications. AGi32 utilizes digitized luminaire IES files to model light intensity on user-designed geometry in common far-field uses. IES files are based on far-field photometry to model light intensity at different distances and angles from the source. The common application of IES files is to model visible light intensities; however, IES files generated for UV light are still rarely available. Due to the increasing need for surface and air disinfection, modeling UV light intensity using IES files may be beneficial for designing and evaluating systems containing UV light bulbs in near-field applications. There is limited information regarding the accuracy of UV modeling in AGi32 software using IES files. Therefore, the research objectives were to (1) create IES files of a UV-C germicidal lamp (254 nm) and a visible fluorescent lamp with almost identical metrics; (2) compare the IES files output with physical UV measurements inside and outside of an air duct; (3) develop correlations between light intensities of visible and UV light bulbs. Linear correlations were observed when comparing UV irradiance and visible illuminance for both measured and modeled data. The results indicated high variability between the measured and modeled light data, signifying the importance of further investigation of potential error sources and improving the accuracy of modeling.
Advances in the structure and function of the nucleolar protein fibrillarin
Authors: Zhang Xue , Li Wenxin , Sun Shulan , Liu Yefu
Published: November 2024

Fibrillarin (FBL) is a highly conserved and well-researched nucleolar protein found in eukaryotes. Its presence was first identified in 1985 through protein immunoblotting analyses using antisera from patients with autoimmune scleroderma. Through immunoelectron microscopy, FBL was shown to be localized in the dense fibrillar component of the nucleolus, leading to the term “fibrillarin”. The FBL protein is composed of 321 amino acids and contains two significant functional domains: the GAR domain and the methyltransferase domain. It is expressed in the nucleolus of eukaryotes. This makes FBL one of the most studied nucleolar proteins. While methylation is not essential for cell survival, the FBL gene is crucial for eukaryotic cells, underscoring the importance of investigating additional functions that do not rely on FBL methylation. This review will primarily examine the protein structural domains of FBL and its classic methyltransferase activity. Additionally, our review will examine the importance of the eukaryote-specific GAR structural domain of FBL in regulating intracellular phase separation. Furthermore, this paper analyzes recent developments in the utilization of FBL in the study of pathogen infections and cancer research over the past decade.
Wearable Patch ECG monitors and transesophageal electrophysiological study for diagnosing palpitations of unknown origin
Authors: Yang Ruike , Yang Lihong , Zhang Qiang , Wang Shuhui , Xu Jinyi
Published: November 2024

Objective

To analyze the application value of wearable adhesive Patch ECG monitors combined with transesophageal electrophysiological study (TEPS) in the diagnosis of palpitations of unknown origin.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of patients with suspected arrhythmia who were admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital between October 2021 and July 2023 due to recurrent paroxysmal palpitations of unknown origin, with or without accompanying symptoms such as dizziness, amaurosis, and syncope. All patients underwent TEPS. Those who did not exhibit arrhythmia during the TEPS were selected for Patch ECG monitoring, which lasted several weeks (depending on the duration of symptom capture). The results of TEPS, Patch ECG monitors, and clinical diagnoses were observed and recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosing palpitations of unknown origins was analyzed based on clinical diagnostic outcomes for (1) TEPS alone, (2) Patch ECG monitoring in patients with negative TEPS results, and (3) the combination of both methods.

Results

A total of 569 patients were included in this study. The TEPS results exhibited that 227 of the 569 patients did not detect arrhythmias and 342 detected arrhythmias. Of the 569 patients, 102 refused to undergo Patch ECG monitors, and 467 patients completed the entire study process. Among them, 379 cases (66.61%) were clinically diagnosed as arrhythmias. TEPS shows good performance in most evaluation indices except NPV (69.60%, 95% CI, 61.54%–77.66%). The combined diagnosis was strongly consistent with clinical diagnosis. The accuracy, sensitivity, and NPV of TEPS combined with Patch ECG monitors in the diagnosis of palpitations of unknown origin were significantly higher than those of TEPS alone.

Conclusion

Wearable adhesive patch ECG monitors combined with TEPS can enhance the diagnostic efficiency of palpitations of unknown origin.
Integrating electronic health records with other data sources for postmarket drug safety signal identification: a review
Authors: Kim Julie V. , Davis Sharon E. , Matheny Michael E. , Smith Joshua C.
Published: November 2024

Electronic health records (EHRs) have emerged as resources for both the identification of adverse drug events (ADEs) and general population health surveillance, however questions remain around how best to utilize EHR data for drug safety signal identification. While the majority of signal identification research has utilized spontaneous reports and health insurance claims, these data also have limitations. Pharmacovigilance approaches combining EHR data with other data sources have the potential to address many of the shortcomings of individual sources. This mini-review seeks to provide an overview of some of the recent research leveraging EHR data in combination with spontaneous reports, claims data, and other pharmacovigilance data sources for drug safety signal identification. Studies have shown that combining EHR data with these and other sources is often beneficial compared to the use of a single source alone, however the synergism or friction introduced is insufficiently explored in current literature. Our review explores how EHR data benefits signal identification when used in combination with other sources, what methods have been applied, and what considerations have previously been noted. Finally, we identify gaps in current research and highlight important considerations for future work using multiple real world data sources for drug safety surveillance.
Profiling feedback antecedents in higher education students: a person-oriented perspective
Authors: Sjølie Ela , Johnsen Mette Mari Wold , van Petegem Peter
Published: November 2024

The ability to give, receive and process feedback is essential for higher education students not only during their studies, but also for their future work life. Despite the extensive amount of research on feedback in education, there is limited research on feedback skills as collaborative skills and on what might influence these skills. Through surveying a large sample of 2,907 university students who worked in self-managed project teams, this study explores how individual characteristics as antecedents relate to students’ perceived feedback skills. We use a person-oriented approach to examine how these antecedents relate within students and how these profiles relate to perceived feedback skills. In addition to reliability, confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence for the structural validity of a newly developed feedback skills instrument. Five scales were used from existing feedback instruments as antecedents of feedback skills, and these were also found to be valid and reliable. Through a person-oriented approach, we applied a hierarchical and a k-means cluster analysis to create student profiles or groups based on feedback antecedents. We identified five distinct groups of students with common feedback antecedents. The results indicate that the five groups also had different levels of perceived feedback skills. The study contributes to the limited research on the dynamics of giving and receiving feedback from the perspective of students in the context of collaborative learning. It has implications for researchers and practitioners to better understand individual differences and to consider these differences when designing collaborative learning activities and facilitating student teams.
Compact grounded memristor model with resistorless and tunability features
Authors: Mehta Ankit , Ahmadi Arash , Ahmadi Majid
Published: November 2024

This research article provides a circuit illustration of a grounded memristor emulator. An operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is one of its active components, along with two transistors and one capacitor. With a simple flip of the input ports, the incremental and decremental settings for the proposed memristor may be preserved. With the capacity to function in the megahertz band, the circuit offers a resistorless and controllable feature. Using the Cadence Virtuoso EDA tool in an analog design environment (ADE), PSPICE simulation with 0.18 µm TSMC technology parameter has been used to illustrate the viability of the suggested memristor. It has been confirmed in the simulation section that the operating frequency and tunability responses in the current-voltage (I-V) plane are in reasonable agreement with the theory. The suggested memristor model’s resilience has also been tested using process corner, Monte Carlo analysis, and temperature analyses, as well as single and parallel connected structures. The suggested memristor model is simple and does not need additional sub-circuit components, making it appropriate for implementation in integrated circuits. The experimental demonstration has been carried out by making a prototype on a breadboard using ICs, which exhibits good agreement with theoretical and simulation results. Single/parallel combinations of memristor, chaotic oscillator, and high pass filter have been presented to demonstrate its application.
Green degree decision and pricing strategy of dual-channel supply chains
Authors: Luo Xiaomeng , Wang Yinze , Zhong Yunliang , Liu Chen
Published: November 2024

With the prevalence of green supply chains, the government has basic requirements for companies’ green investments and outcomes while consumers increasingly favor green products. Thus, green degree decision has garnered significant attention from manufacturers. This paper incorporates green degree decisions into a dual-channel supply chain and adopts a Stackelberg model to analyze the green degree and pricing strategies under centralized and decentralized decisions. We find that, when the manufacturer only decides on price, dual-channel choice is always the optimal strategy under centralized decision-making; however, under decentralized decision-making, the dual-channel choice will be chosen only when the wholesale price is low. Considering green degree decision, both direct and indirect channel prices increase with the green degree, and the indirect channel price is more sensitive to changes in the green degree under centralized decision-making; and higher green degrees are always advantageous for the retailer, but the manufacturer’s profit initially decreases and then increases as the green degree rises under decentralized decision-making. Moreover, the wholesale price is used as a strategic tool for the manufacturer to control the distribution channel, particularly when the green degree is not introduced, the manufacturer can always ensure the introduction of dual channels. Besides, higher consumers’ environmental awareness is always beneficial to channel members, as it promotes channel prices and green degree. This study provides strategic insights for optimizing pricing and green degree decisions in dual-channel supply chains to achieve better economic and environmental outcomes.
High-precision prediction of microalgae biofuel production efficiency: employing ELG ensemble method
Authors: Wang YuShu , Zhang Chongyang
Published: November 2024

Microalgae biofuels are considered a significant source of future renewable energy due to their efficient photosynthesis and rapid growth rates. However, practical applications face numerous challenges such as variations in environmental conditions, high cultivation costs, and energy losses during production. In this study, we propose an ensemble model called ELG, integrating Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), to enhance prediction accuracy. The model is tested on two primary datasets: the EIA (U.S. Energy Information Administration) dataset and the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) dataset, both of which provide extensive data on biofuel production and environmental conditions. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the ELG model, achieving an RMSE of 0.089 and MAPE of 2.02% on the EIA dataset, and an RMSE of 0.1 and MAPE of 2.21% on the NREL dataset. These metrics indicate that the ELG model outperforms existing models in predicting the efficiency of microalgae biofuel production. The integration of EMD for preprocessing, LSTM for capturing temporal dependencies, and GBM for optimizing prediction outputs significantly improves the model’s predictive accuracy and robustness. This research, through high-precision prediction of microalgae biofuel production efficiency, optimizes resource allocation and enhances economic feasibility. It advances technological capabilities and scientific understanding in the field of microalgae biofuels and provides a robust framework for other renewable energy applications.