bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trypanosoma brucei brucei induced hypoglycaemia resulted in severe reduction in hexokinase activity in liver, kidney, brain and heart of untreated Trypanosoma brucei brucei infected mice
Authors: Rotimi Johnson Ojo  , Lag-Ayan Chinyio  , Grace Sabo Lot
Published: October 2021

Trypanosoma brucei brucei depends on mammalian host glucose for survival and establishment of infection. The interference with host glucose results in disturbance of pathways for glucose metabolism and their enzymes. Therefore, this study tried to examine the relationship between untreated Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection and the host hexokinase activity in selected organs that depend on glucose for their normal biological and biochemical functions. The mice for this study were grouped into two: control (uninfected) and infected group. Baseline values for PCV, serum glucose and protein; hexokinase activity and protein concentration in the liver, kidney, heart and brain were obtained for each group. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculation by 1 104 parasites/mice and monitor for the presence of Trypanosoma brucei brucei from the second day post infection. The same parameters were collected again on days 4 and 11 before the death of the infected group. Protein was determined by colorimetric method using Bradford reagent. PCV was analysed using a sysmex haematology analyser while hexokinase activity was measured spectrophotometrically by a coupled reaction with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase at 340 nm. The result of this study showed that untreated Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection resulted in decrease in PCV, serum glucose, hexokinase activity in the liver, kidney, heart and brain but increase in serum protein. In conclusion, untreated Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection resulted in reduction in host liver, kidney, brain and heart hexokinase activity which probably deprived them of the needed energy and may be the cause of early death in untreated trypanosomiasis.
Correlation of fetal hemoglobin in different cancer patients and sickle cell anaemia: A review
Authors: Ayesha Shahid  , Jan Peerzada Fawad ullah
Published: October 2021

Fetal hemoglobin is the main hemoglobin during gestation period. But this globin chain is replaced and is taken over by adult hemoglobin. Sometimes this switch from fetal to adult fails to occur leading to production of fetal hemoglobin as in case of sickle cell anemia. It is also observed that fetal hemoglobin expression is also seen under malignant condition. In malignancy the spleen, liver as well as gut acquire its ability to produce fetal hemoglobin. Certain HbF cells inducing factor such as stem cell growth factor and interleukin -3 also promote HbF erythropoiesis. HbF cells are indicated as a biomarker of tumour cells implicated in many carcinomas observed by immunohisto chemical investigations.
Change of Mg concentration in several plants depending on plant species, washing status, and traffic density
Authors: Halil Baris Ozel  , Hande Nur Varol  , Hakan Sevik
Published: October 2021

Air pollution is one of the most important problems threatening the organic life and ecosystem throughout the world. Among the components of air pollution, the most important ones are the heavy metals that can be toxic and carcinogenic even at low concentrations and even the nutrient elements can be harmful when at high concentrations. Thus, monitoring the heavy metal pollution in the air is very important and plants are widely used as biomonitor for this purpose. However, which plants and organs are more suitable for monitoring which heavy metal pollution can be determined with detailed studies. In the present study, it was aimed to determine which plant species and which organ of that species would be more suitable for monitoring the concentration of magnesium (Mg) in air. For this purpose, five organs of five species grown in regions having different traffic densities were examined. In conclusion, it was found that Mg concentration in washed bark of Robinia pseudoacacia, wood of Platanus orientalis, washed leaves of Ulmus minor, and non-washed leaves of Acer negundo and Nerium olender increased with increasing traffic density.
IDENTIFIKASI OLAHRAGA TRADISIONAL DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT
Authors: Rumawatine Ztella
Published: October 2021

Traditional sports are folk games that develop in the community. Traditional sports are a cultural culture that characterizes a country. Traditional sports are experiencing a decline in the western part of the Seram Regency, where people are no longer doing traditional sports in their area but what they are doing now are modern sports. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of traditional sports in West Seram Regency. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative using observation, interviews, and documentation. The sampling technique chosen from a study was traditional leaders, communities, and village government in the four sub-districts. Among other things, West Seram District, Kairatu District, Waisala District, and West Kairatu District. The instruments used were questionnaire and interview sheets. The results showed that these traditional sports have declined due to the influence of globalization and modernization with increasingly advanced science and technology. Therefore, research on the identification of traditional sports was carried out and it was found that the development of traditional sports still exists today, because the values â€‹â€‹contained in these traditional sports are very important for the development of community identity.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGIRING DALAM PERMAINAN SEPAKBOLA MELALUI METODE LATIHAN PADA SISWA KELAS VIIIc SMP YOS SUDARSO DOBO
Authors: Kubela Aris , Ritiauw Petra Pratama
Published: October 2021

Proses pembelajaran penjas dengan materi permainan bola besar (sepakbola), terlihat bahwa metode yang digunakan guru penjas tidak sesuai dengan materi yang diberikan, guru penjas menggunakan metode yang belum tepat untuk materi menggiring bola, padahal kalau kita pelajarai teknik dasar menggiring bola itu sangat sulit terutama bagi siswa perempuan, dan perlu dilakukan berulang-ulang agar pembelajaran menggiring akan mencapai hasil yang baik. tetapi guru tidak melakukan gerakan menggiring bola karena guru tersebut tidak bisa melakukan gerakan  menggiring bola dan kemudian siswa diberikan kesempatan hanya satu kali melakukan gerakan menggiring bola, sehingga ada siswa terutama siswa perempuan yang belum bisa melakukan dengan baik, tetapi tidak diberikan kesempatan untuk mengulangi gerakan tersebut, bahkan guru langsung menyuruh siswa untuk bermain sepakbola.  oleh sebab itu penulis tertarik untuk meneliti tentang. Hasil belajar menggiring bola dalam permainan sepak bola melalui metode latihan pada siswa kelas VIIIc SMP Yos sudarso Dobo. Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya peningkatan hasil belajar menggiring dalam permainan sepakbola melalui metode latihan pada siswa kelas VIIIc SMP Yos sudarso Dobo.
PENGARUH LATIHAN BEBAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BERAT BADAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DAYA TAHAN KEKUATAN OTOT PADA ATLET JUNIOR PUTERA BOLAVOLI FULAUAN SPORT CLUB
Authors: Pardjer Abraham , Syaranamual Jusak
Published: October 2021

Permainan bolavoli merupakan salah satu olahraga yang diminati oleh masyarakat  Desa Lor-lor Kecamatan Aru selatan dengan nama club bolavoli FSC, yang sering tampil dengan club junior putera pada kejuaraan bolavoli yang dilakukan dikota dobo. â€œBerapa Besar Pengaruh Latihan Beban Dengan Menggunakan Berat Badan Terhadap Peningkatan Daya Tahan Kekuatan Otot Pada Atlet Junior Putra Bolavoli FSCâ€. Atlet bolavoli  putera junior FSC dengan usia 16-18 tahun yang berjumlah 15 orang, Pengumpulan sumber data dalam penelitian ini melalui data tes daya kekuatan otot sebelum diberi perlakukan dan sesudah diberi perlakukan. Hasil pengujian dari tobservasi  =  11,15 lebih besar dari ttabel  untuk taraf 5% dan  1% (11,15  > 2,14 dan > 2.98).
IDENTIFIKASI RASA PERCAYA DIRI WASIT FUTSAL DALAM BEBERAPA EVENT DI KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Pattinama Valencer Sunsugos , Souisa Mieke
Published: October 2021

Penelitian perubahan situasi satu ke situasi lainnya, wasit harus mampu mempengaruhi pemain dan penonton agar tetap melimpahkan kepercayaan kepada dirinya. Dalam penelitian ini. Variabel penelitian adalah tunggal yaitu kepercayaan diri wasit futsal. Jadi secara keseluruhan Percaya diri merupakan pengalaman subjektif. asumsi ini menjadi dasar untuk berbagai pernyataan seseorang mengenai percaya diri merupakan kesimpulan pengamatannya atas perilakunya sendiri.
Use of Green Tea as Stomatitis therapy
Authors: Aisya Rezki Noeriman  , Syarifah Aulia Tika  , Sri Rezki  , Erma Mahmiyah
Published: October 2021

Stomatitis is an oral disease that often occurs in Indonesian residents. Green tea has long been known as an antimicrobial, green tea can inhibit the growth of various bacteria. The purpose of this study is the effect of green tea in curing thrush (stomatitis). This study uses a quasi-experimental method, sample selection using purposive sampling and data analysis is a descriptive analysis. Green tea is brewed with 50 ml of warm water for 2 minutes and then used to rinse his mouth. This research was conducted for 5 days 3 times a day, respondents are 30 people with purposive sampling technique. Respondents used to rinse his mouth with green tea was recovered by 86.6% and did not recover 13.3%. Controls without gargling were 40% and did not recover 60%. for 5 days. Gargling using green tea solution can accelerate thrush healing. thrush healing.
Analysis of Physical, Chemical and Biological Pollution in the Process of Making Brown Sugar in Sungai Itik Village
Authors: Murni  , Selviana  , Rochmawati
Published: October 2021

The process of making brown sugar is very vulnerable to physical, chemical, and biological contamination. The quality of the safety of brown sugar depends on the quality of the cleanliness of the processing plant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, chemical, and biological contamination in the process of making brown sugar in Sungai Itik Village, Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency. This research is observational descriptive, with 42 samples, data analysis using univariate analysis. The results showed an examination of the quality of brown sugar in Sungai Itik Village 100% of samples did not experience physical contamination, 9.5% occurred chemical contamination (Sodium Metabisulfite), and 11.9% experienced biological contamination (Germ Figures). For coconut sugar makers, it is better to make brown sugar, add preservatives and use a dosage/scale not exceeding the threshold value, and store brown sugar in a place that is not moist so that it is not contaminated by microbes.
Number of Bacterial Colonies After Washing Hands with Antiseptic Soap and Regular Soap: A Study on Department of Health Analyst Students in Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak
Authors: Nuswantoro Ari , Salim Maulidiyah , Slamet  , Dinasti Aprillia
Published: October 2021

Hand washing is a healthy activity carried out by many parties. Getting used to wash your hands properly will increase health. The soap on the market is plain hand washing soap and antiseptic handwashing soap. The second type is claimed to be more effective in reducing the amount of bacterial contamination than plain soap because it contains antimicrobial ingredients to increase product sales. This study aims to determine the differences in the number of bacterial colonies on the palms of students who wash their hands with antiseptic soap and plain soap among students of Analyst Department of Pontianak Health Polytechnic, Minister of Health. This research was quasi-experimental, with 24 respondents. Each respondent was asked to wash hands properly twice, the first with plain soap that does not contain an antiseptic (A) and the second with soap containing antiseptic (B). After examining the number of bacteria on the respondent’s thumb, the average number of bacterial colonies got in treatments A and B was 45,5 and 38,8 CFU, respectively. Mann-Whitney U statistical test results got a probability value of 0.391> 0.05, which means there is no difference in the number of bacterial colonies in the palms that washing hands with plain soap and with antiseptic soap. This study revealed the fact that the number of bacterial colonies in the group that washed hands with antiseptic soap was lower than those who washed their hands with ordinary soap.
Risk Factors Associated with Lung Capacity on “XY” Furniture Workers in Sungai Ambawang District
Authors: Nurul Kharismadewi  , Sunarsieh  , Nurul Amaliyah
Published: October 2021

Analysis of risk factors related to furniture worker’s lung capacity of “XY” at Sungai Ambawang district in 2018. The aim of study was knowing the analysis of risk factors related to meubel worker’s lung capacity of “XY” at Sungai Ambawang district in 2018. This type of study was observational with cross sectional study. The sample of this study was 39 men workers. The data were collected by interviews with responden, measurements of respirable dust producing by the work activity and inspections of lung capacity. The data were formed as univariat and bivariat with kruskal-wallis, t-test and chi-square test. The result showed that there was a significant between respirable dust producing by the work activity (p=0,000), years of service (p=0,001), smoking behavior (p=0,020) and history of diseases (p=0,060) with the lung capacity, while there were no a significant are the age (p=0,951) and using of personal protective equipment masks (p=0,060) with the lung capacity. The conclusion from this study that was a significant between respirable dusts of the work activity produces, years of services, smoking behaviors and history of diseases with the meubel worker’s lung capacity of “XY” at Sungai Ambawang district.
Investigation of Sediment Records of Kulakçayiri Lake (Istanbul)
Authors: KAM Erol , YÜMÜN Zeki Ünal , AÇIKGÖZ Gülderen , ÖNCE Melike
Published: October 2021

In this study, the date of the Holocene sediments of Kulakçayırı Lake was determined and the sedimentation rates were calculated. The determined sedimentation rates provide important clues about the climatic and ecological characteristics of the study area. Especially in aquatic environments, it is important to date sediment processes in order to monitor the time-dependent changes in the pollution processes of sediments. In this context, radiocarbon (14C) analysis was performed in order to date the sediments. Liquid scintillation spectrometry was used to find the radioactivity of the 14C isotope. Three drilling samples were taken from the study area (Kulakçayırı Lake / Istanbul) for 14C analysis. According to the results of 14C analysis of the samples taken; Sediment deposition in SK-1 sample took place in 5599 years, in SK-2 in 7596 years and in SK-3 in 8060 years. Sedimentation rates are; SK-1> SK-2> SK-3. From the data obtained, it was observed that the sedimentation rate has different rates at different points of the lake. There is no stream bringing material to the lake. Therefore, it can be said that a slow storage dominates the lake in general.
A Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation of a Data Centre Employing Rear Door Heat Exchangers
Authors: BUSBY Michael , GREEN David , COMBRİNCK Madeleine
Published: October 2021

As the global demand for data services expands, cooling in data centres continues to evolve towards more efficient and cost-effective systems. Incorporating active rear door heat exchangers has become a popular and reliable method that increases the capability of data centres to operate at higher power densities. This study conducts a thermal analysis of a data centre employing active rear door heat exchangers with the use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques. The data centre under investigation contains seventy-seven cooled racks with three additional uncooled racks operating in the centre of the hall. The main purpose of this study is to understand how the uncooled racks affect the temperature distribution in the data centre. This study presents a modelling technique which uses temperature and velocity field measurements to facilitate the modelling of rear door heat exchangers. Computer server modelling server was carried out at varying inlet temperature and load. Server simulation results have been utilized with field measurements to create four data centre scenarios. Scenarios were created to show how inlet temperature and load affect the temperature distribution in the data centre. Data centre scenarios have been used to validate and compare with field measurements performed. It was found that heat dissipation in the server was directly related to the server’s velocity profile. From the data centre scenarios created it was found that when higher loaded racks are isolated amongst lower loaded racks the distribution of heat is less significant than if the higher loaded racks were situated in clusters of three or more. It was also found that higher loaded racks could be positioned strategically to diminish the effect of the untreated air produced by the uncooled racks in the data centre. The findings from this paper help to understand the thermal behaviour in data centres and suggests areas to consider when reviewing pre-existing data centre designs.
Pengaruh Penambahan Serbuk Daun Pepaya pada Pakan untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ikan Lele
Authors: Muhammad Bangun  , Marzuki Muhammad , Azhar Fariq
Published: October 2021

Daun pepaya merupakan bahan alami yang sering dimanfaatkan dibidang perikanan air tawar khususnya sebagai pakan tambahan, karena memiliki kandungan enzim yang dibutuhkan oleh ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan serbuk daun pepaya pada pakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias sp). Pakan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu pakan komersil dengan kandungan protein 30% yang ditambahkan serbuk daun pepaya. Serbuk daun pepaya didapatkan dari daun pepaya yang dikeringkan terlebih dahulu sampai benar-benar kering. Setelah kering daun pepaya dihaluskan dengan menggunakan blender. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan 1 (P1) sebagai kontrol (tanpa pemberian serbuk daun pepaya), P2 (pakan dengan serbuk daun pepaya 2 %), P3 (Pakan dengan serbuk daun pepaya 3,5 %), P4 (pakan dengan serbuk daun pepaya 4,2 %). Parameter pertumbuhan merupakan parameter utama yang diamati pada penelitian ini. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA untuk meliihat perbedaan pengaruh dari masing masing perlakuan dengan selang kepercayaan 95% (p>0.05). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan serbuk daun pepaya memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan panjang dan berat (p>0.05), dimana perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada P3 dengan pertumbuahan panjang sebesar 2,69 g dan 3,51 cm, berat dan panjang spesifik 3,89 g dan 5,89 cm, serta FCR 0,517.

 
Kata kunci: pertumbuhan, serbuk, daun papaya
Replacing Fishmeal With Palm Kernel Meal In Formulated Feed For The Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei)
Authors: Mamat Nawwar Zawani , Daim Norsila , Mamat Nawwar Zawani
Published: October 2021

Utilisation of plant proteins to replace fish meal in shrimp feeds has become an important consideration because fish meal is becoming more expensive due to increasing demand worldwide. The potential use of palm kernel meal (PKM) in this study to substitute fish meal in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets was evaluated by conducting a 90-day feeding trial. Shrimp juveniles with an initial average weight of 0.5 g, protein content of 10.74±0.70% were randomly distributed into five treatments in triplicates. Four isonitrogenous (approximately 35% protein) diets were formulated to contain 0% (D0), 25% (D25), 50% (D50) and 75% (D75) of PKM replacement and a commercial feed served as control treatment (Control). Results from this study revealed that shrimps fed D25 were comparable with those fed with Control as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) between the groups. However, PKM inclusions above 50% showed detrimental effects on the growth performance. The highest total protein percent was observed in shrimp tissues fed with D25 (67.59±0.87%) and D75 showed the lowest protein among the treatments (57.4±0.63%) (p<0.05). Total lipid content was observed high in shrimps fed with Control (4.33±2.96%) and decreased with PKM replacement levels. The highest carbohydrate was found in shrimps fed with D75 (16.75±0.04%) and the lowest was found in shrimps fed with D25 (14.67±0.07%). When PKM is utilised to replace FM, a limit of 25% level should be recommended.
Kajian Kualitas Air Sungai Meduri Pekalongan Akibat Pembuangan Limbah Cair Batik Berdasarkan Indikator Biologi
Authors: Permatasari Mahardhika Nur , Ariadi Heri , Madusari Benny Diah , Soeprapto Hayati
Published: October 2021

Sungai Meduri yang mengalir di desa ngaliyan, pandanarum, tirto, tegal dowo dan jeruk sari merupakan salah satu di kabupaten pekalongan yang diindikasikan tercemar oleh limbah batik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas sungai Meduri ditinjau dari aspek fisika (suhu, kecerahan, TSS dan kedalaman), aspek kimia (DO, pH, BOD, Cr6+, Minyak dan Fenol) dan aspek biologi (plankton).  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan mei-juni 2015. pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak  3 kali dengan interval waktu 2 minggu sekali. Komunitas Plankton di Sungai Meduri terdiri dari kelas Barcillariophyceaea, Chlorophycea, Chyanophyceae, Rotatoria dan Entomostraca. Kelimpahan berkisar antara 1104-5393, Indeks keanekaragaman (H') berkisar antara 1,011-1,885, Nilai indeks Keanekaragaman terendah pada staisu. bila nilai indeks keanekaragamn berkisar antara 1-1,5 menandakan perairan dalam kondisi tercemar sedang sampai berat Indeks keseragaman (E) berkisar antara 0,564-0,978 dan indeks Dominasi berkisar antara 0,022-1,000.pada sungai Meduri tidak ada biota yang mendominasi.  Kandungan Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) di perairan Sungai Meduri memiliki nilai yang melebihi baku mutu air kelas III. Berdasarkan PP RI No. 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air, Baku mutu air kelas III untuk parameter BOD adalah 3 mg/l. Nilai Cr6+  dan Minyak masih berada dibawah baku mutu air kelas III yaitu 0,05 mg/l dan 1000 mg/l. Sedangkan nilai fenol paling tinggi terdapat pada stasiun 3 dan 4 yaitu 0,11mg/l  dan 0,07 mg/l, baku mutu nilai fenol adalah 1 mg/l.
A conspectus of the picture-winged flies (Diptera: Ulidiidae) of India
Authors: Yatoo Suhaib Firdous , Maqbool Amir , Wachkoo Aijaz Ahmad
Published: October 2021

An overview of the Ulidiidae fauna of India is presented. Five species Euxesta pechumani, Myennis octopunctata, Physiphora alceae, P. clausa and P. euphorbiana are recognized. The report of Euxesta pechumani is the first record of the genus
from India. Diagnosis, general distribution and notes on biology of all these species are provided.
Ptenidium (Matthewsium) coxi: a new species of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) from Chile
Authors: Darby Michael
Published: October 2021

Ptenidium (Matthewsium) coxi, sp. n. (Ptiliidae: Coleoptera), the first species of the genus to be recorded from Chile, is described and illustrated.
A key to the subgenera of the orchid bee genus Euglossa (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S.
Published: October 2021

The infrageneric classification of the orchid bee genus Euglossa Latreille (Apinae: Euglossini) has historically comprised six or seven subgenera and a plethora of species groups, many of which are demonstrably monophyletic. Nonetheless, challenges remain, particularly in relation
to the subgenus Glossurella Dressler. Herein a new key to subgenera is presented and four problematic species groups of Glossurella are removed to separate subgeneric entities: Eurhytisma subgen. n., Glossurodes subgen. n., Parisoglossa subgen. n., and
Trachyglossa subgen. n.
Bark beetles breeding in petioles in Fiji (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: Beaver Roger A.
Published: October 2021

The scolytine beetles found breeding in the petioles of the fallen leaves of Fijian trees are listed together with their host trees, and information is provided on the biology of the species. The majority of species are known to breed in other habitats. Brood sizes are generally low,
and the leafstalks may provide a 'refuge' when more suitable habitat is not available. The community found in Fiji is compared with the communities found in petioles in West Malaysia and Costa Rica.
It feels good to immerse in the working culture of ISR
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: October 2021

After three years of immersing myself in the working culture of ISR, I admit that it has completely changed my worldviews, attitudes, and behaviors. At the moment, I have a much greater awareness of cost and am much more proactive in pursuing science with high intellectual honesty than myself before. Given the modest international status of Vietnamese science, joining ISR is one of the best choices I have made in my career because it has given me a valuable chance to feel the true scientific culture.
When Is Cultural Input Central? The Development of Ontological Beliefs About Religious and Scientific Unobservables
Authors: Davoodi Telli , Clegg Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Across diverse cultural contexts, children and adults believe in the existence of religious and supernatural unobservables (e.g., gods, angels) as well as scientific and natural unobservables (e.g., germs, oxygen). In this article, we explore the role of cultural input and testimony in children’s developing beliefs in supernatural and natural unobservables as real. We review cross-cultural research with children and adults on their beliefs about the ontological status of religious and scientific unobservables and the epistemic patterns associated with these beliefs. Based on the evidence, we argue that cultural input plays a central role in the development of belief about supernatural unobservables as real, whereas it plays a less critical role in the development of belief about natural unobservables as real. In the latter case, we argue that direct experiences with the natural world combine with children’s naive theories to generate beliefs about natural unobservable entities and processes as real.
Using the Membership Table Method (MTM) to Determine the Validity of Categorical Syllogisms
Authors: Skliar Osvaldo , Monge Ricardo E. , Gapper Sherry
Published: October 2021

A presentation is provided of a method — the Membership Table Method (MTM) — to determine the validity of categorical syllogisms. This method makes it possible for each syllogism to be assigned a specific set. If this set is equal to the universal set U, then the categorical syllogism considered is valid, and if that set is not equal to U, then that categorical syllogism is not valid. In other words, any categorical syllogism is valid if and only if its respective set, according to the MTM, is equal to the universal set U. The conclusion of a valid categorical syllogism whose premises are true is true.
Differential expression of ACACB in cancer of the vulva.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

In these brief notes we document work using published microarray data (1, 2) to pioneer integrative transcriptome analysis comparing vulvar carcinoma to its tissue of origin, the vulva. We report the differential expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta, encoded by ACACB, in cancer of the vulva. ACACB may be of pertinence to understanding transformation and disease progression in vulvar cancer (3).
Menerapkan Nilai Persatuan Dan Kesatuan Dalam Sehari-Hari
Authors: Angelina Indah Aprilia
Published: October 2021

Pancasila sebagai ideologi Negara Republik Indonesia mempunyai nilai-nilai luhur yang tercermin dalam lima sila Pancasila. Nilai-nilai luhur itu yaitu Ketuhanan, Kemanusiaan, Persatuan, Kerakyatan, dan Keadilan. Nilai-nilai yang ada dalam sila Pancasila saling terkait antara satu dengan yang lain membentuk suatu kesatuan, antara sila pertama, kedua, ketiga, keempat, dan kelima saling berhubungan dan tidak dapat dipisahkan. Sila-sila dalam Pancasila harus dipahami dan diamalkan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara.
Differential expression of LHX6 in cancer of the vulva.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

In these brief notes we document work using published microarray data (1, 2) to pioneer integrative transcriptome analysis comparing vulvar carcinoma to its tissue of origin, the vulva. We report the differential expression of LIM homeobox 6, encoded by LHX6, in cancer of the vulva. LHX6 may be of pertinence to understanding transformation and disease progression in vulvar cancer (3).
Affective theory of mind impairments underlying callous-unemotional traits and the role of cognitive control
Authors: Winters Drew E. , Sakai Joseph T.
Published: October 2021

Affective theory of mind (aToM) impairments associated with the youth antisocial phenotype callous-unemotional (CU) traits predict antisocial behavior above CU traits alone. Importantly, CU traits associate with decrements in complex but not basic aToM. aToM is modulated by cognitive control and CU traits associate with cognitive control impairments; thus, cognitive control is a plausible mechanism underlying aToM impairments in CU traits. Because cognitive control is dependent on the availability of cognitive resources, youth with CU traits may have difficulty with allocating cognitive resources under greater demands that impact complex aToM. To test this, 81 participants (ages 12-14, Female = 51.8%, Male= 48.2%) were recruited to complete a behavioral paradigm that involved an initial aToM task with complex and basic emotions followed by placing additional demands on cognitive control and a final repeat of the same aToM task. Results indicate adolescents higher in CU traits had intact basic aToM but less accuracy in complex aToM that worsened after taxing cognitive control; and this load only required a short duration to account for ToM decrements (200ms [range 150-1600ms]). These results demonstrate CU traits association with cognitive control limitations that impact complex aToM. This may partially explain antisocial behavior associated with CU traits.
Thinking Materially: Cognition as Extended and Enacted
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: October 2021

Human cognition is extended and enacted. Drawing the boundaries of cognition to include the resources and attributes of the body and materiality allows an examination of how these components interact with the brain as a system, especially over cultural and evolutionary spans of time. Literacy and numeracy provide examples of multigenerational, incremental change in both psychological functioning and material forms. Though we think materiality, its central role in human cognition is often unappreciated, for reasons that include conceptual distribution over multiple material forms, the unconscious transparency of cognitive activity in general, and the different temporalities of metaplastic change in neurons and cultural forms.
The false dichotomy: a refutation of the Neandertal indistinguishability claim
Authors: Wynn Thomas , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Coolidge Frederick L.
Published: October 2021

In the debate about the demise of the Neandertal, several scholars have claimed that humanity’s nearest relatives were indistinguishable archaeologically, and thus behaviorally and cognitively, from contemporaneous Homo sapiens. They suggest that to hold otherwise is to characterize Neandertals as inferior to H. sapiens, a false dichotomy that excludes the possibility that the two human types simply differed in ways visible to natural selection, including their cognition. Support of the Neandertal indistinguishability claim requires ignoring the cranial differences between the two human types, which have implications for cognition and behavior. Further, support of the claim requires minimizing asymmetries in the quantity and degree of behavioral differences as attested by the archaeological record. The present paper reviews the evidence for cognitive and archaeological differences between the two human types in support of the excluded middle position.
4E cognition in the Lower Palaeolithic
Authors: Wynn Thomas , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Malafouris Lambros
Published: October 2021

This essay introduces a special issue focused on 4E cognition (cognition as embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended) in the Lower Palaeolithic. In it, we review the typological and representational cognitive approaches that have dominated the past 50 years of paleoanthropology. These have assumed that all representations and computations take place only inside the head, which implies that the archaeological record can only be an ‘‘external’’ product or the behavioral trace of ‘‘internal’’ representational and computational processes. In comparison, the 4E approach helps us to overcome this dualist representational logic, allowing us to engage directly with the archaeological record as an integral part of the thinking process, and thus ground a more parsimonious cognitive archaeology. It also treats stone tools, the primary vestiges of hominin thinking, as active participants in mental life. The 4E approach offers a better grounding for understanding hominin technical expertise, a crucially important component of hominin cognitive evolution.
Teeth, tools and human becoming
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: October 2021

This article focused on the cognitive implications of using the teeth as a tool, something the fossil dental record suggests was more associated with Neandertals than contemporary Homo sapiens.
Beyond Writing: The Development of Literacy in the Ancient Near East
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: October 2021

Previous discussions of the origins of writing in the Ancient Near East have not incorporated the neuroscience of literacy, which suggests that when southern Mesopotamians wrote marks on clay in the late-fourth millennium, they inadvertently reorganized their neural activity, a factor in manipulating the writing system to reflect language, yielding literacy through a combination of neurofunctional change and increased script fidelity to language. Such a development appears to take place only with a sufficient demand for writing and reading, such as that posed by a state-level bureaucracy; the use of a material with suitable characteristics; and the production of marks that are conventionalized, handwritten, simple, and non-numerical. From the perspective of Material Engagement Theory, writing and reading represent the interactivity of bodies, materiality, and brains: movements of hands, arms, and eyes; clay and the implements used to mark it and form characters; and vision, motor planning, object recognition, and language. Literacy is a cognitive change that emerges from and depends upon the nexus of interactivity of the components.
The Weight of Ants and Other Things
Authors: Yung Helen
Published: October 2021

Reflecting on a pandemic-possible production of David Paquet’s The Weight of Ants, Yung shares some glimpses of what went on behind-the-screens. Beyond the topical interest that this ‘made-in-pandemic’ production might offer readers, Yung takes up some themes important to Paquet’s play to discuss ways forward. How do we emerge from this chrysalis, transformed, embodying a new form of living? At the intersection of climate crisis and decolonization, what if we now only make art with an ecological impact proportional to its ecological relevance? What if the forms of storytelling we need to embrace are not digital, but indigenous, relational, and low- or no-waste?
“This, too, belongs”
Authors: Ndejuru Lisa
Published: October 2021

“This, too, belongs,” is a mantra that helps me navigate this strange time of the global pandemic and Black Lives Matter. It also helps with the project I started. Waking the Stories is based on an archive of Ibiteekerezo or wisdom stories from the oral tradition of precolonial Rwanda, where I am from. These stories were traditionally held as bodies of wisdom and passed down in families. Very few Rwandans know how to interpret these stories anymore. They were transcribed and translated by colonial administrators, missionaries, and researchers to better understand, keep traces of, and ultimately supersede the cultures they colonized. The violence of it paralyses me and I feel very small. But what if that too belonged? What if I imagined my project as small as a seed? What if I gave myself permission to start very simply from where I am situated and acknowledged that one challenge of working through historical trauma is finding ways to look at the past, recognize what was done and experienced, its consequences to this day, and remaining well? To be continued.
Power to the Pause: A Pandemic Conversation with Jess Dobkin
Authors: Gillespie Benjamin
Published: October 2021

In this interview, internationally acclaimed queer performance artist Jess Dobkin sits down with fellow Aquarian Benjamin Gillespie to talk about turning 50, her yet-to-be-seen retrospective exhibition in Toronto, and new ideas about art and performance that have emerged during the pandemic pause. In this conversation, Dobkin provides enlightening and often humorous insights on art, life, and the power of creativity in dark times.
Colouring In
Authors: Lloyd Beck
Published: October 2021

In an open letter to the camera, reflective writing, poetry, and a photo series, Beck Lloyd examines the structure of racial passing as it shapes fear and limitation in performance and asks, “What stories can this body tell that others can’t?”
When the Theatre Went Dark …
Authors: Eswar Sharada K.
Published: October 2021

In When the Theatres Went Dark …, Sharada K. Eswar shares how she reimagined and redefined theatre in her kitchen. Drawing inspiration from her spice box and the contents of her refrigerator, she wrote stories while dishing out a new piece everyday—from comedy to tragedy, all under the bright lights of her kitchen counter. Reflecting on the theatrical tradition of the ghost light, a single bulb left on after everyone has left that shines through the darkness of the empty space, Eswar invites artists to consider how they can collectively light the way in this time of uncertainty and grief.
The Pedagogy of Grief: Lessons from Making Zoom Theatre During a Pandemic
Authors: MacArthur Michelle
Published: October 2021

While the closure of theatres across Canada and around the world when the pandemic hit in March 2020 caused widespread feelings of loss amongst theatre practitioners and educators, the institutional pressures to find ways to survive and move on prevented many from processing their grief. This article examines The Stream You Step In (TSYSI), a series of four original Zoom plays co-produced by Outside the March and the University of Windsor in 2020, through the intersecting perspectives of pedagogy and grief. TSYSI was a response to grief on different levels: graduating students’ grief for their mainstage roles, which they had been working towards since entering the program but which they lost when the pandemic forced the cancellation of their planned theatre season; theatremakers, educators, and audiences’ collective grief for the loss of live theatre and the community it creates; and the grief experienced by society at large for the loss of Black and Indigenous lives, magnified in summer 2020 by the global outrage in response to the death of George Floyd and many others. Through reflection on two TSYSI plays, Karen Hines’s The River of Forgetfulness and David Yee’s good white men, this article stresses the importance of making space for grief within pedagogy. It argues that a grief-led creative process can honour what was lost, create and strengthen community, and foster opportunities to make new meaning. As theatres and educational and training institutions continue to face uncertainty, this article’s provocations contribute to ongoing conversations around ethics, representation, and collaboration in Zoom theatre.
An Artist’s (Unpaid) Sabbatical
Authors: Diverlus Rodney
Published: October 2021

A year of disbelief, of desperate restlessness; of broken routines and dwindling discipline, a multidisciplinary artist recalls. He documents a month-by-month retrospective of his adaptation as an artist and a creative, utilizing personal experiences, with a sprinkle of Afropessimism. This, a capture in time, when creativity was scarce, and panic abounded; the stage shuttered, new calls to action; this was 2020.
SOME SECURITY CHALLENGES FOR GEORGIA
Authors: Kuprashvili Henri
Published: October 2021

Important is the fact that the transition from the industrial age of humanity to the information age and the transformation of information into the dominant the process of the development of civilization as a main strategic resource, acordingly, the incredible development of information-telecommunication technologies has shown unprecedented changes and trends in the world politics, military and other fields of the 21st century. In the new era, the security of modern Georgia, as well as other countries, is generally conditioned by many new challenges and threats. Moreover, the provision of its national security is to some extent also defined by the world of values of national self-determination, spiritual life, morality, culture and history.
ESRÂR DEDE DİVANI’NDA MEVLÂNÂ VE MEVLEVİLİĞE DAİR UNSURLAR
Authors: KAN Ceylan , KARADUMAN Ruken
Published: October 2021

Esrar Dede, Mevlevîlik kültürünün Türk edebiyatına kazandırdığı önemli şairlerden biridir. XVIII. yüzyılda yaşamış olan Esrar Dede, Mevlevî tarikatına kırklı yaşlarında intisap eder. Geç denilebilecek bir yaşta hayatının yönünü değiştiren şair, ömrünün son dokuz yılını Mevlevîlikte kendini bulma yolculuğuna adar. Şeyh Galip gibi büyük bir şairin gözetiminde yetişen Esrar Dede, hocasından aldığı terbiyeyi kültürel birikimi ile sentezler ve kısa zamanda birçok eser vücuda getirir. Tarikat içerisinde yetişmiş Mevlevî şairden de etkilenen Esrar Dede, bu etkileşimi kendi şiir potasında eriterek oldukça özgün şiirler kaleme alır. Mevlevîlikte dedelik makamına kadar yükselen şair, ömrünün son demlerini Galata Mevlevîhanesi’nde uzlette geçirir. Esrar Dede’nin manevi kimliğini şekillendiren Mevlânâ ve Mevlevîliğe dair unsurlar onun bir anlamda edebi hüviyetini de oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada şairin divanından yola çıkılarak Esrar Dede’nin Mevlânâ’ya bakışı ile Mevlevilik kavramlarının onun zihninde ve manevi dünyasında nasıl karşılık bulduğu saptanmaya çalışılmıştır.
GELENEKSEL GÜMÜŞHANE MESKENLERİNİN KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA ANALİZİ
Authors: SARI Yunus Emre , KAYSERİLİ Alperen
Published: October 2021

İnsanın fizyolojik ihtiyaçlarının en önemlilerinden birisi dışsal faktörlerden korunma amacı ile ortaya çıkarılmış olan meskenlerdir. Bu ihtiyaçtan dolayı ilk insanların dünyaya geldiği andan itibaren barınma ihtiyaçlarını ilkel de olsa mağaralar veya ağaç kovukları gibi az korunaklı mekânlarda giderdikleri bilinmektedir. Özellikle tarımsal faaliyetlerin etkisi ile birlikte yerleşik hayata geçtikten sonra ise çeşitli özellikleri ve zenginlikleri olan ev, konut veya mesken adını verdikleri yapılar inşa ederek barınma ihtiyaçlarını giderdikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Evlerin bir toplumun mimari kimliğinin izleri olduğu kabul edilmektedir

Bu çalışmanın amacı Gümüşhane’deki geleneksel yöntemlerle inşa edilmiş olan tarihi konakların kültürel kökenleri açısından incelenip geçmişten günümüze aktarılan kültürel mirasın izlerini ortaya çıkarıp sürdürülebilir turizm faaliyetlerine dâhil edilebilmesi için önerilerde bulunmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilen çalışmada etnografik araştırma yöntemlerinden faydalanılarak Gümüşhane konaklarına ait unsurların kültürel kökenleri hakkında açıklamalar yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu yöntem kullanılırken hem yerinde gözlemler yapılmış hem de konut sahipleri ile yapılandırılmamış görüşme formları kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Gümüşhane şehri sınırları içerisinde beş farklı mahallede toplam 40 geleneksel mesken tespit edilmiştir. Bu meskenlerin bir kısmının tescil edildiği belirlenmiş ancak bir kısmının tescil edilmediği bir kısmının ise isimlendirilmediği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak yok olma tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya olduğu düşünülen bu konakların ve yerleşim birimlerinin koruma altına alınması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca kültürel miras turizmi ve sürdürülebilir turizm açısından oldukça elverişli olan konaklarda destinasyon oluşturulmasının kent ekonomisine katkı sağlayabilecek bir zenginlik kaynağı olduğu düşünülmektedir.
YEŞİM SAYGIN ARMUTAK’IN “BATAKLIĞIN KIYISINDAKİ EV” ADLI ÇOCUK ROMANININ KÖK DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ABDULLATİF Hasan Basri , KIRKKILIÇ Halil Ahmet
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeşim Saygın Armutak’ın “Bataklığın Kıyısındaki Ev” adlı çocuk romanının 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda yer alan on kök değer “sevgi, adalet, sorumluluk, sabır, dostluk, dürüstlük, saygı, yardımseverlik, öz denetim, vatanseverlik” açısından incelenmesidir. Çalışma kök değerler açısından “Bataklığın Kıyısındaki Ev” adlı eseri inceleyen ilk çalışma olması açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği bu çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak “doküman analizi” tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama kaynağını Yeşim Saygın Armutak’ın 2007 yılında Günışığı Kitaplığı Yayınlarından çıkan, 168 sayfalık “Bataklığın Kıyısındaki Ev” adlı çocuk romanı oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi aşamasında ise betimsel tarama modeli ve içerik analizinden yararlanılarak romanda bulunan değerler sınıflandırılmış ve bu değerlerin ne sıklıkta kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada “Bataklığın Kıyısındaki Ev” adlı çocuk romanında toplam 8 ayrı değerin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan sabır (8), yardımseverlik (8), sevgi (7), romanda en fazla işlenen değerlerdir. Bu değerleri sırasıyla dostluk (3), dürüstlük (3), öz denetim (3), saygı (1) ve sorumluluk (1) değerleri takip etmiştir. Adalet ve vatanseverlik değerlerine ise romanda rastlanılmamıştır. Sonuç itibariyle romanda Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda yer alan on kök değerden sekizi önemli ölçüde işlenmiştir. Bu sebeple romanın, kök değerlerin aktarımında faydalı bir eğitim materyali olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Human-Centric Functional Modeling and Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: Williams Andy E , Haliki Emir
Published: October 2021

The newly emerging sciences of Human-Centric Functional Modeling provides an approach towards modeling systems that is hypothesized to maximize human capacity to understand and navigate complexity in those systems. This paper provide an overview exploring how Human-Centric Functional Modeling might be applied in condensed matter physics, and how this increase in capacity to understand complexity might be achieved.
Primed, but not engaged: the poor performance of self-efficacy primes in promoting civic engagement, in a laboratory experiment in Uganda
Authors: Busara Lab Busara Lab
Published: October 2021

Civic engagement is considered an important element of a healthy polity. Yet, many attempts to induce it fail, and experimental evidence on ‘what works’ to induce it is limited. Further, most experimental studies in this area of research focus on self-reported or low-cost proxy behavior outcomes. This paper describes a laboratory experiment with 809 participants to measure the impact of short behaviorally-informed messages on civic engagement in Uganda. We randomly assign participants to three treatment audio messages, applying different self-efficacy enhancing techniques, and one control audio, and measure their effect on two primary components of civic engagement: a lab measure of attention to political and pre-political information, and a real-world activity measure: attendance at a community meeting. We find that short audio messages can prompt people to pay more attention to pre-political information, but do not encourage overall civic engagement behavior, and some treatments produce a significant negative effect on our measures of engagement. We also find that a rights-focused message, closely modelling current civil society practice, does not generate increased civic engagement. We conclude that one-off behaviorally informed audio messages are insufficient to generate civic engagement in this context.