bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor for pillar load measurement
Authors: Fan Yanping , Liu Yajun , Xiao Qiang , Ma Xiaoxin , Ji Xiaojun , Sun Pengfei
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a passive wireless pillar load measurement method based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology. A strain transfer mechanical structure was designed, and the strain distribution of an elastic substrate was analyzed using elastic thin plate bending theory. In addition, the relationship between the strain and frequency shift of the SAW resonator (SAWR) was analyzed, and a strain sensitivity numerical analysis using different bonding directions was performed. Results corroborated that the differential structure of resonators, one of which is placed at the edge along the direction of a diameter and the other is placed at the center with an angle of 45° to the diameter, is a suitable form of the SAW load sensors. Moreover, the SAWR parameters were optimized to obtain a high-performance resonator. Furthermore, The SAWRs and strain transfer mechanical structures were manufactured, the pillar load measurement system was set, and the proposed SAW load measurement method was evaluated. Experimental results affirmed that the load sensitivity is 8.64 kHz/kN. The SAW pillar load method is feasible for practical application.
Effect of electrostatic forces on the distribution of drops in turbulent channel flows
Authors: Lu Min , Lu Jiacai , Zhang Ying , Tryggvason Grétar
Published: October 2019

The effect of electrostatic forces on the distribution of drops in turbulent channel flows is examined by direct numerical simulations. The droplets and suspending fluid are assumed to be leaky dielectric fluids. We set the electrical conductivity ratio (R = σi/σo) smaller than the dielectric permittivity ratio (S−1 = εi/εo) to drive the flow from the drop poles to their equators. The results show that an applied external electric field has a significant effect on the microstructure and the flow properties. For flows without an electric field, where the Mason (Mn) number is infinity, the drops aggregated in the core of the channel and the liquid streamwise velocity are similar to those in single-phase flow. For Mn = 0.1, a low electric intensity, most of the drops are driven to the walls due to the unbalanced electric force on the drop interface. For Mn = 0.05, drops are more likely to stick together because of the stronger combination of electrohydrodynamic effect and dielectrophoretic force between drops. Therefore, the number of drops in the middle of the channel increases while still many drops are in the wall layer. For Mn = 0.007, the electric intensity is very strong and all the drops in the channel tend to line up and form columns spanning the channel width. These columns become unstable when the flow drives them close to each other. It is also found that an increase of the electric intensity can lead to an increase in the average wall shear stress. In addition, the liquid streamwise velocity will become more uniform, which means the effective viscosity of the system is increased, when Mn = 0.007.
Criterion for the sign of wave energy
Authors: O'Neil Thomas M.
Published: October 2019

A criterion for the sign of wave energy is developed by using the symmetry properties of the plasma equilibrium and the fact that Vlasov dynamics is an incompressible flow in phase space, rather than the usual and more difficult procedure of calculating the value of the wave energy directly. Applications are made to the case of waves excited on a non-neutral plasma in a Malmberg–Penning trap and to waves excited on an infinitely long non-neutral beam.
Improving the efficiency of Monte Carlo simulations of ions using expanded grand canonical ensembles
Authors: Hatch Harold W. , Hall Steven W. , Errington Jeffrey R. , Shen Vincent K.
Published: October 2019

While ionic liquids have promising applications as industrial solvents, predicting their fluid phase properties and coexistence remains a challenge. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation is an effective method for such predictions, but equilibration is hampered by the apparent requirement to insert and delete neutral sets of ions simultaneously in order to maintain charge neutrality. For relatively high densities and low temperatures, previously developed methods have been shown to be essential in improving equilibration by gradual insertion and deletion of these neutral sets of ions. We introduce an expanded ensemble approach which may be used in conjunction with these existing methods to further improve efficiency. Individual ions are inserted or deleted in one Monte Carlo trial rather than simultaneous insertion/deletion of neutral sets. We show how charge neutrality is maintained and show rigorous quantitative agreement between the conventional and the proposed expanded ensemble approaches, but with up to an order of magnitude increase in efficiency at high densities. The expanded ensemble approach is also more straightforward to implement than simultaneous insertion/deletion of neutral sets, and its implementation is demonstrated within open source software.
Delayed bubble entrapment during the drop impact on a bounded liquid bath
Authors: Wei Xiaofeng , Wang Wei , Lin Fangye , Scheid Benoit , Zou Jun
Published: October 2019

Numerical researches on the impact of a drop onto a bounded liquid bath are carried out using GERRIS code. A particular region of delayed bubble entrapment is presented. During a typical impact, a first crater, a liquid column and a second crater appear successively. It is found that gravity, restricted bath diameter and impact velocity play important roles in the whole process. With a proper bath diameter, the outward propagating waves at the liquid surface can be reflected back to the center in time and lead to a liquid column. The delayed bubble can be entrapped when the second crater is deep enough. When the bounded liquid bath is too narrow or too broad, no delayed bubble is formed, as the liquid column breaks before the second crater becomes deep enough. The mechanism of delayed bubble entrapment is explained through surface profiles and velocity fields.
In praise and in search of highly-polarizable semiconductors: Technological promise and discovery strategies
Authors: Jaramillo R. , Ravichandran J.
Published: October 2019

The dielectric response of materials underpins electronics and photonics. At high frequencies, dielectric polarizability sets the scale for optical density and absorption. At low frequencies, dielectric polarizability determines the band diagram of junctions and devices, and nonlinear effects enable tunable capacitors and electro-optic modulators. More complicated but no less important is the role of dielectric response in screening bound and mobile charges. These effects control defect charge capture and recombination rates, set the scale for insulator-metal transitions, and mediate interactions among charge carriers and between charge carriers and phonons. In this perspective, we motivate the discovery of highly polarizable semiconductors by highlighting their potential to improve existing and enable new optoelectronic device technologies. We then suggest discovery strategies based on solid state chemical principles and building on recent efforts in computational materials screening.
Rotating waves in confined nonneutral plasmas elucidate criterion for negative energy
Authors: Jaycen Amelia
Published: October 2019

When nonneutral plasmas are confined in Malmberg-Penning traps, waves rotating in the same direction as the plasma, but more slowly, can have negative energy. These waves can grow if the apparatus is modified to include an energy sink.
Rethinking handshape
Authors: Wehrmeyer Ella
Published: October 2019

Concerted attention in sign language linguistics has focused on finding ways to document signs. Until now, most notation systems rely on a complex plethora of symbols and are under-specific, to the extent that visual images are still the most widely accepted way of recording primary data. This paper presents a novel phonetic notation of handshape in a step towards deriving an International Phonetic Alphabet for sign languages, based on digit shape (configuration) and position in terms of reference coordinates, aiming at both readability and precision. It is sufficiently hybrid to allow for both accurate measurements and estimates of digit positions, thereby affording a way of representing handshapes suitable for lexicography, studying phonetic variation and avatar programming. Originally tailored to describe handshapes in South African Sign Language, it can also notate gestures. After discussing transcription methods and hand physiology, digit configurations are defined in terms of joint angles. Variations in configuration positions are then specified in terms of Cartesian reference coordinates.
Psychosis and Deafness in Forensic Settings: How Are Hallucinations and Delusions Shaped by Experiences of Being Deaf
Authors: Morris Saffron , Gresswell David M. , Merdian Hannah L.
Published: October 2019

Forensic inpatients who experience hallucinations and delusions present with complex clinical needs, which can be exacerbated through additional individual difficulties and disabilities impacting responsivity. Experiences of hallucinations and delusions are shaped by the individual’s context and culture; however, to date this has not been explored with regards to the experience of deaf persons. The current study employed Multiple Sequential Functional Analysis to conceptualize the developmental nature of hallucinations and/or delusions in a sample of three Deaf men from a secure specialist Deaf service. No evidence was found of unique experiences shaping the content and themes of hallucinations; however, participants reported a learning history of associating deafness with being inferior, which later emerged in delusions of grandeur. Across all three cases, there was a noticeable lack of clinical information available in case notes and a lack of targeted interventions offered by forensic service providers.
Two S. pombe septation phases differ in ingression rate, septum structure, and response to F-actin loss
Authors: Ramos Mariona , Cortés Juan Carlos G. , Sato Mamiko , Rincón Sergio A. , Moreno M. Belén , Clemente-Ramos José Ángel , Osumi Masako , Pérez Pilar , Ribas Juan Carlos
Published: October 2019

In fission yeast, cytokinesis requires a contractile actomyosin ring (CR) coupled to membrane and septum ingression. Septation proceeds in two phases. In anaphase B, the septum ingresses slowly. During telophase, the ingression rate increases, and the CR becomes dispensable. Here, we explore the relationship between the CR and septation by analyzing septum ultrastructure, ingression, and septation proteins in cells lacking F-actin. We show that the two phases of septation correlate with septum maturation and the response of cells to F-actin removal. During the first phase, the septum is immature and, following F-actin removal, rapidly loses the Bgs1 glucan synthase from the membrane edge and fails to ingress. During the second phase, the rapidly ingressing mature septum can maintain a Bgs1 ring and septum ingression without F-actin, but ingression becomes Cdc42 and exocyst dependent. Our results provide new insights into fungal cytokinesis and reveal the dual function of CR as an essential landmark for the concentration of Bgs1 and a contractile structure that maintains septum shape and synthesis.
Energetic cost of quantum control protocols
Authors: Abah Obinna , Puebla Ricardo , Kiely Anthony , De Chiara Gabriele , Paternostro Mauro , Campbell Steve
Published: October 2019

We quantitatively assess the energetic cost of several well-known control protocols that achieve a finite time adiabatic dynamics, namely counterdiabatic and local counterdiabatic driving, optimal control, and inverse engineering. By employing a cost measure based on the norm of the total driving Hamiltonian, we show that a hierarchy of costs emerges that is dependent on the protocol duration. As case studies we explore the Landau–Zener model, the quantum harmonic oscillator, and the Jaynes–Cummings model and establish that qualitatively similar results hold in all cases. For the analytically tractable Landau–Zener case, we further relate the effectiveness of a control protocol with the spectral features of the new driving Hamiltonians and show that in the case of counterdiabatic driving, it is possible to further minimize the cost by optimizing the ramp.
The BAO+BBN take on the Hubble tension
Authors: Schöneberg Nils , Lesgourgues Julien , Hooper Deanna C.
Published: October 2019

Many attempts to solve the Hubble tension with extended cosmological models combine an enhanced relic radiation density, acting at the level of background cosmology, with new physical ingredients affecting the evolution of cosmological perturbations. Several authors have pointed out the ability of combined Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) data to probe the background cosmological history independently of both CMB maps and supernovae data. Using state-of-the-art assumptions on BBN, we confirm that combined BAO, deuterium, and helium data are in tension with the SH0ES measurements under the ΛCDM assumption at the 3.2σ level, while being in close agreement with the CMB value. We subsequently show that floating the radiation density parameterNeff  only reduces the tension down to the 2.6σ level. This conclusion, totally independent of any CMB data, shows that a highNeffaccounting for extra relics (either free-streaming or self-interacting) does not provide an obvious solution to the crisis, not even at the level of background cosmology. To circumvent this strong bound, (i) the extra radiation has to be generated after BBN to avoid helium bounds, and (ii) additional ingredients have to be invoked at the level of perturbations to reconcile this extra radiation with CMB and LSS data.
A versatile robotic platform for the design of natural, three-dimensional reaching and grasping tasks in monkeys
Authors: Barra B , Badi M , Perich M G , Conti S , Mirrazavi Salehian S S , Moreillon F , Bogaard A , Wurth S , Kaeser M , Passeraub P , Milekovic T , Billard A , Micera S , Capogrosso M
Published: October 2019

Objective. Translational studies on motor control and neurological disorders require detailed monitoring of sensorimotor components of natural limb movements in relevant animal models. However, available experimental tools do not provide a sufficiently rich repertoire of behavioral signals. Here, we developed a robotic platform that enables the monitoring of kinematics, interaction forces, and neurophysiological signals during user-defined upper limb tasks for monkeys. Approach. We configured the platform to position instrumented objects in a three-dimensional workspace and provide an interactive dynamic force-field. Main results. We show the relevance of our platform for fundamental and translational studies with three example applications. First, we study the kinematics of natural grasp in response to variable interaction forces. We then show simultaneous and independent encoding of kinematic and forces in single unit intra-cortical recordings from sensorimotor cortical areas. Lastly, we demonstrate the relevance of our platform to develop clinically relevant brain computer interfaces in a kinematically unconstrained motor task. Significance. Our versatile control structure does not depend on the specific robotic arm used and allows for the design and implementation of a variety of tasks that can support both fundamental and translational studies of motor control.
Analysis of AGAMOUS Gene Expression in Hibiscus rosasinensis L. Single Pink, Crested Peach, and Double Orange Flowers
Authors: Salamah A , Rostina I
Published: October 2019

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. crested peach and double orange types are different from single pink type regarding their additional petals (petaloid). The petaloid structure is thought to have originated from reproductive organs modification. AGAMOUS is class C gene that plays a role in the formation of androecium and gynoecium. Loss of AGAMOUS gene expression is assumed to be the cause of modifications occur in reproductive organs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the qualitative expression of AGAMOUS gene on single pink, crested peach, and double orange flowers. The expression of AGAMOUS gene was also assessed in leaf organ as a comparison. Analysis of AGAMOUS gene expression was done by isolating RNA from their androecium and gynoecium using the modified CTAB method. The RNA sample was converted to cDNA using reverse transcriptase, before further amplified by PCR technique using AG1 and AG2 primers. The AG1 PCR product produces bands of 100, 200, and 300 bp, while the PCR AG2 produces a single band of 200 bp. The analysis of sequencing results showed that The AGAMOUS gene expressed in all samples. Therefore, petaloids presents in crested peach and double orange flowers are not a result of a loss of AGAMOUS gene expression. The changes of reproductive organs into petaloids should be analyzed not only based on AGAMOUS gene expression but also should include other gene and their interactions.
Visualization of Microlejeunea ulicina by using Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Nabella D M , Yenti D A R , P A , Dwiranti A
Published: October 2019

Oil bodies are highly distinctive organelle uniquely found in liverworts. Besides the importance of this structure in taxonomy, many of the secondary metabolites contained within the oil bodies are also of the great value as potential sources of medicines. Thus, the investigation of liverwort ultrastructure is essential to give an insight into the oil bodies structure and function. Microlejeunea ulicina is one species of the leafy liverworts found in Universitas Indonesia that has not previously been reported to exist in Java island. The aim of this study is to investigate the ultrastructure of M. ulicina by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). M.ulicina were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, post-fixed with 4% Osmium tetroxide, dehydrated with Ethanol series, and then subjected to resin embedding. After samples embedding, sectioning by ultramicrotome was performed. Post-staining with Uranyl acetate and Lead Citrate was carried out following sectioning and the samples were finally observed by TEM. Our results showed the ultrastructure of M. ulicina for the first time. The structure of oil bodies could be distinguished with the other parts of the cells. Further analysis of the oil bodies by comparing our data with other species of leafy liverwort in Universitas Indonesia will be beneficial for the species identification as well as the exploration of their secondary metabolites.
The Physical Parameters and Atmospheric Model of α Tau at AGB Evolutionary Stage
Authors: Darma R , Malasan H L
Published: October 2019

α Tau is an interesting Red Giant Branch (RGB) star with spectral type K5, yet not well studied. Helium core contraction and hydrogen burning in the shell are occurring in this star. Stars like α Tau are interested to be investigated in order to learn and understand how their evolution processes at the next stage, i.e. Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stage. At AGB stage, a star will suffer stronger oscillations with larger radius than RGB stage. This stage is important because it will be the key-factor on most recent observational data, and Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) and SPECTRUM packages to compute accurate physical parameters and atmospheric models of α Tau at AGB stage.

Our computational results show that α Tau will be an AGB star with M = (1.52 ± 0.07) M⊙, Teff
= (4545 ± 18) K, and log L = (1.98 ± 0.07) L⊙ at age (2.11 ± 0.27) Gyr. Its radius at this stage is determined to be log R = (1.20 ± 0.92) R⊙. Mass loss at the initial of this stage is still small, i.e. (2.07 ± 0.09) × 10–10 M⊙/yr and it will increase during this stage. The core at this stage contains carbon and oxygen with C/O ∼ 0.26 which shows that α Tau will be type M-AGB. Atmospheric model of α Tau at AGB stage shows that this star will have higher effective temperature and gas pressure than at RGB stage. These conditions will cause the increasing of electron density and Rosseland absorption coefficient in its atmosphere. The hotter atmosphere of AGB stage causes its peak of continuum shifts toward smaller wavelength and yields in three times higher intensity than at RGB stage.
Staggered Scheme for Shallow Water Equations with Quadtree-subgrid
Authors: Fristella F. , Pudjaprasetya S.R.
Published: October 2019

To get accurate results, high-resolution numerical simulations are often required. However, computation using high resolution grid often require larger computer memory and longer computational time. One way to overcome this problem is by adopting a scheme that can handle a non-homogeneous grid; i.e. a computational domain with two or more resolutions. In this work, a two-level quadtree-subgrid method was applied. It uses a combination of structured grid with hierarchical quadtree ordering. This method is applied on a staggered grid scheme for the two-dimensional shallow water equations. A benchmark simulation of wave run-up on a conical island was conducted for validation. Comparison between computing time of simulations using the fine grid and the quadtree-subgrid shows the effectiveness of this quadtree-subgrid scheme.
A Search for Extragalactic Diffuse Interstellar Bands: SAMI Data
Authors: Puspitarini L , Premadi P W , Colless M , Oh S , Hidayat T , Putra M , Barone T M , Said K , Barat D
Published: October 2019

Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are puzzling absorption features that can be found in the spectra of reddened objects in our Galaxy, as well as in other observed galaxies. Although we still know too little of the carriers of DIBs, the numerous features along the optical and near infrared wavelengths and the consistency of their measured properties make DIBs potentially promising interstellar material tracers. DIBs studies are mostly based on stellar spectra in our Galaxy, but since DIBs can also be found in other galaxies, we search for DIBs in the spectra of nearby galaxies by perusing Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral-field unit (SAMI) data. We demonstrate DIB measurement by performing an automated fitting of a combination of a smooth continuum and a model of DIB profile to the spectrum. This preliminary result will be an important input to consider in drawing conclusion about DIBs and their environments.
A search of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in planetary nebulae environment
Authors: Puspitaningrum E , Puspitarini L , Malasan H L
Published: October 2019

Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) are set of absorption features, mostly at optical and near infrared wavelengths, that are found in the spectra of reddened stars and other objects. DIBs are actively being investigated to understand the nature of their properties and carriers and also their roles in interstellar matter enrichment. Among of the proposed carriers is large carbonaceous molecules (fullerenes). Interestingly, such as C60 and C70 have been detected in Planetary Nebulae (PN) environment. This detection allows us to study DIBs in fullerene-rich space environment. In this work, we study the presence of DIBs in central star of planetary nebulae (CSPN) by using archival data of optical spectra observed with 8.1-m Gemini South Telescope and Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs (GMOS, spectral range of 3900 Å - 5900 Å and resolution of R ∼ 2300) and also from 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope with IDS spectrograph (R ∼ 2300). We measured the equivalent width of 4430, 5870 and 6283 Å DIB by fitting the detected DIB profile with the empirical template derived from higher resolution data. We investigated 4430, 5870 and 6283 Å DIBs in the spectra of CSPN and their correlation with the colour excess (E(B-V)). The correlation between the DIB strength and E(B-V) has positive value. We found that the 4430 and 5870 Å DIBs are generally more abundant on the PN environment.
Effect of magnetic field on the rotation curves of spiral galaxies
Authors: Wulandari  , Wulandari H
Published: October 2019

Discrepancies between expected and observed rotation curves in spiral galaxies are commonly interpreted as evidence for the existence of dark matter. Dark matter can explain the observed flat rotation curves at the outer radii. However, some rotation curves of spiral galaxies exhibit rising features at large distances from the galactic centers that cannot be attributed to dark matter alone. Addition of magnetic field contribution to the rotation curves of spiral galaxies has been proposed in some literature to explain the rising features. In this work we investigated the rotation curves of three spiral galaxies, i.e. NGC 2841, NGC 6946, and M 31, whose profiles of azimuthal magnetic field are available in literature. In general, decomposition scenarios using four components (stellar disk, gas, bulge, and dark matter halo) with magnetic field fit better to the observational data.
Memory Based Hybrid Dragonfly Algorithm (MHDA): a New Technique for Determining Model Parameter in Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Data
Authors: Ramadhani I , Minarto E , Sungkono
Published: October 2019

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data inversion is a nonlinear inversion problem because several models can fit to the observed data. Therefore, a new approach based on nonlinear optimization technique is implemented which is called Memory based Hybrid Dragonfly Algorithm (MHDA). It is proposed to solve drawback of Dragonfly Algorithm (DA), i.e. low convergence rate which is caused by high exploration behaviour of DA. The drawback can lead to the local optimum solutions. MHDA successfully balances exploration and exploitation behaviours of DA to obtain global optimum solution. In this research, initially, MHDA is tested for the noise contaminated synthetic VES data to assess its performance. Subsequently, MHDA is applied for the field VES data. In both results, MHDA is able to provide Posterior Distribution Model (PDM) which is obtained from exploration process. All accepted models of PDM have lower misfit value than specified tolerance value in the inversion process. The PDM can be used to estimate solution via median value of PDM. Additionally, the uncertainty estimation of obtained solution can be determined from standard deviation value of PDM. The inversion results of synthetic and field VES data indicate that MHDA is an innovative technique to solve VES data inversion problem.
Modelling Brazil Nut Effect Phenomenon of Boulders on Asteroid Surface
Authors: Rozzykin A Z , Dermawan B , Viridi S
Published: October 2019

The surface of an asteroid is full of boulders that varies in size. One of the phenomena happening in the asteroid’s surface is a tendency for bigger boulders to come up to the surface. This phenomenon is called Brazil Nut Effect (BNE). Some asteroids, like Itokawa and Eros, are known for having that tendency and BNE is supposed to happen in both of them. This study conducts a modelling of the phenomenon happening on the surface of an asteroid for mimicking the concept of BNE. Physical parameters used in this study follow a model of a common asteroid. The very first step of the modelling is to generate an initial condition of particles. Then, these particles are dropped into the surface of an asteroid model. After these particles reached the dynamical relaxation, the additional force will be added into the system which is represented by some sinusoidal oscillation formulas. Modelling the concept of BNE which only involves collisions of inter-particles and gravity factor indicates that the rising of bigger boulders to come up to the surface is likely to occur. Nevertheless, there are many other parameters that have a role in the low-gravity environment and need to be explored more.
Photometric Observation of WASP-52b and TrES-3b
Authors: Yusuf M , Mandey D , Yulianty Y
Published: October 2019

We present the photometric observation of transiting exoplanets WASP-52 b and TrES-3 b using Bosscha Robotic Telescope. The transit method relies on measuring the flux drops of the target star when the planet is transiting in front of it. We have derived physical parameters of these planets using single transit light curve and the results are consistent with the discovery paper which used more observation data.
Study of management and development of Observatorium Astronomi ITERA Lampung (OAIL) area: Part II
Authors: Putri A N I , Ilmi W Z , Vatikawa A , Pratiwi N
Published: October 2019

At 20th November 2016, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) and Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) also Government of Lampung Province have launched the ITERA Astronomical Observatory or known with Observatorium Astronomi ITERA Lampung (OAIL). The coordinate of the observatory is 05° 27’ 71” S and 105° 09’ 39” E and the altitude is 1030 above sea level. OAIL area will be the center of education in science and ecotourism in Lampung Province which may attract tourists. Therefore, management and development of the observatory should be directed so that the main function of the observatory is not disturbed. In this research we did assessment and evaluation of OAIL area to be a specific area by distributing questionnaire to some related agencies, expertise people (academy), and surrounding population. The results show that from total 83 respondents, 64 respondents choose that OAIL area is appropriate as a specific area and 19 respondents say that OAIL area is not appropriate as a specific area. From 19 respondents who do not agree, there are 8 respondents (almost 50%) from Regional Disaster Management Agency of Lampung Province.
Identification of Geothermal Environments by Using Landsat Imagery at PLTP Sarulla unit I, Pahae Jae Subdistrict, North Tapanuli
Authors: Tampubolon Togi , Hutahean Juniar , Juliani Rita , Panggabean Yowlanda
Published: October 2019

Geothermal energy sources have a significant influence on renewable energy sources as an affordable and sustainable solution. The aim of this study was to identify geothermal sources at the Sarulla PLTP using remote sensing technology. The method of this study includes field surveys by obtaining hotspots and temperature values in geothermal sources, and identification of geothermal sources is determined by mapping of land use change (NDVI) and heat source distribution (LST). The results show vegetation area has been changed from 0,6 to 0,3, and the temperature value is increasing 25 °C to 28 °C in 2010 to 2018 over PLTP Sarulla. Negative correlation found between NDVI and LST. Surface changing over geothermal resources as an evidence of environment changes. The geothermal sources increase with the opening of land in the PLTP Sarulla. So the results of this study can be recommended to the public and the government.
Network approach on characterizing floral diversity in the agroforestry zone of Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines
Authors: Martinez M P , Amarga A K S , Gestiada G A , Lopez M J F , Nazareno A L , Roxas-Villanueva R M L
Published: October 2019

Complex networks have been used to characterize real world systems. The network structure may signify important relationships which may not be evident in other methods of analysis. In this study, we characterize the floral diversity in three study sites in the agroforestry zone of Mount Makiling Forest Reserve using network analysis. Plant species found in each study site are considered as nodes (N). Edges (E) are established to connect species with the same alternate role and habit. The dataset includes N = 157 and E = 4279 for Bagong Silang site, N = 145 and E = 3740 for the Karay site, and N = 122 and E = 2429 for the Magnetic Hill site. Network parameters such as degree, path length, clustering coefficient, modularity and number of connected components were calculated. Obtained values were compared to published diversity index. Results show that lower clustering coefficient and higher average path length signify higher diversity. A higher number of disconnected components also indicates diversity.
Dissolution Study of Purified Bromelain from Pineapple Cores (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr) Encapsulated in Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsule
Authors: Setiasih Siswati , Reyhan Asher , Hudiyono Sumi , Saepudin Endang
Published: October 2019

Along with the production of large number of pineapple products, the amount of pineapple waste produced is also higher, including pineapple cores with large amount of proteolytic enzyme called bromelain. Bromelain has many benefits, particularly because of its efficacy in various treatments of diseases, such as platelet anti-aggregation, reducing inflammation associated with infections, sinusitis, osteoarthritis and cancer. However, for oral use, bromelain will be degraded by the presence of proteases and the atmosphere of acidic pH in the stomach, so that bromelain will lose its activity. In this study, the isolated and purified bromelain from pineapple cores was subsequently encapsulated in alginate-chitosan microcapsules as drug delivery medium so that bromelain could reach the intestine without degradation in the stomach. The purification using 20%-50% ammonium sulfate obtained bromelain with specific activity of 5.44 U/mg and purity of 2.85 times. The purified enzyme was subsequently dialyzed and yielded of 8.27 U/mg with the purity level of 4.32 times. The dissolution test of bromelain encapsulated in alginate microcapsules resulted in efficiency of 76.99% which dissolute at pH 1.2 as much as 13.53% and at pH 7.4 of 80.09%, while in chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules, efficiency was obtained for 86.40% with dissolution result at pH 1.2 and 7.4 were 8.59% and 77.35% respectively.
The Properties of Microcellulose as Enhanced Oil Recovery Agent
Authors: Sukmarani Galuh , Ledyastuti Mia
Published: October 2019

The important factors in petroleum production are the nature of the reservoir rock surface and the interaction between oil and water in the reservoir. Both of these factors can affect microscopic efficiency in increasing oil recovery. In this study, microcellulose (MCC) was tested as a potential agent to increase oil recovery. MCC is used to decrease interfacial tension between oil and water. MCC is a cellulose with particle size ranging from 30 nm to 20μm. This study aims to determine the effect of MCC on interfacial tension between oil and water. MCC is obtained through the process of cellulose hydrolysis isolated from corncob. The results of hydrolysis reaction were characterized using FTIR, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The particle size was determined using Particle Size Analyzer, and interfacial tension measurements using du nouy tensiometer. The results of the study obtained MCC as a result of hydrolysis reaction with an average diameter particle size of 2.9 μm and 14 μm. The experimental results show that the addition of MCC with particle size 14 μm can reduce interfacial tension between oil and water from 11.3 mN/m to 6.85 mN/m, and the addition of MCC with particle size 2.9 μm can increase interfacial tension between oil and water from 11.3 mN/m to 21.74 mN/m. According to these data MCC has the potential to be used as an economic and environmentally friendly oil recovery agent.
An Optimal Integrated Vector Control for Prevention the Transmission of Dengue
Authors: Kasbawati  , Ningsih Surya , Ribal Agustinus , Fatmawati
Published: October 2019

Dengue is a tropical infectious disease caused by dengue virus which is transmitted by mosquitos such as Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus. The spread of this disease could be controlled by applying some optimal strategies. In this research, we study optimal strategy in controlling the spread of dengue by taking into consideration an integrated vector control strategy. The strategy combines chemical and non-chemical vector control methods to prevent the transmission of vector-borne disease. If we assume that the control functions are constant functions then numerically we obtain a critical chemical control which leads to the non-endemic condition. When the chemical and non-chemical controls are varying in time, we obtain the analytical form of the both control functions by using Pontryagin Maximum Principle. The numerical simulations are performed using the Steepest Descent method and the results show that the peak of the non-chemical control effect occurs at the end of the observation time. Conversely, the chemical control reaches the maximum effect at the early of the observation time. It indicates that the integrated vector control strategy is a continuous prevention method that succefully ensures the system free from dengue infection.
Generalized STAR (1;1) Model with Outlier - Case Study of Begal in Medan, North Sumatera
Authors: Masteriana D , Riani M I , Mukhaiyar U
Published: October 2019

This study was aimed to compare generalized space time autoregressive (GSTAR) (1;1) model with its modification. The modification of GSTAR (1;1) model was done by adding the outlier factor which gained by outlier detection procedure. A case study was done towards the amount of monthly crime activity-begal at seven police sectors in Medan, North Sumatera. By using three steps of Box-Jenkins, Autoregressive (1) model was applied to each location and resulted West Medan as fifth location with additive outlier (AO) in the third data of time which weighted -57.5247. The comparison of model was done by calculating the root mean square of error (RMSE) in each model. Since GSTAR (1:1) model has larger RMSE (8.1728) rather than its modification (7.9700), then GSTAR (1;1) model with outlier is the best model in this case study. This invention shows that the model of space time with outlier model is useable to find precise result rather than space time model only.
I-Primal Submodules
Authors: Steven
Published: October 2019

In module over commutative ring with identity, prime notions of submodule are growing vastly. Furthermore, there are also notions of primal submodules. Suppose N be a submodule of R-module M. An element r of R is called prime to N if rm ∈ N with m element of M implies m ∈ N. The submodule N is called primal if the set of elements which not prime to N forms an ideal. The generalization of elements which prime to N is proposed and referred as elements that almost prime to N. An element r ∈ R is called almost prime to N if rm ∈ N – (N: M)N for m element of M implies m is an element of N. In this article, we introduce the generalization of elements which are prime to N as elements which are I-prime to N by changing the set (N:M) into an arbitrary ideal of R. With this notion, we can generalize primality of submodule N to I-primality of submodule N. We called N the submodule of M is I-primal submodule if the set of elements which are I-prime to N forms an ideal of R. Furthermore, we give some characterizations of I-primal submodules and their relation to other prime and primal notions.
On The Total Edge Irregularity Strength of Some Copies of Books Graphs
Authors: Ramdani Rismawati , Salman A.N.M. , Assiyatun Hilda
Published: October 2019

Let G = (V(G),E(G)) be a graph and k be a positive integer. A total k-labeling of G is a map f : V(G) ∪ E(G) → {1,2, …, k}. The edge weight uv under the labeling f is denoted by Wf
(uv) and defined by wf
(uv) = f(u) + f(uv) + f(v). A total k -labeling of G is called edge irregular if there are no two edges with the same weight. The total edge irregularity strength of G, denoted by tes (G), is the minimum k such that G has an edge irregular total k-labeling. The labeling was introduced by Bača, Jendroľ, Miller, and Ryan in 2007. In this paper, we determine the total edge irregularity strength of some copies of book graphs.
A numerical study of tidal bores
Authors: Ningsih N S , Siddiq N L , Tarya A
Published: October 2019

A tidal bore is a natural phenomenon forming a positive surge upstream and it has a remarkable effect on estuary zones and river ecologies. The tidal bore formation controlled by channel properties, tidal characteristics, and river discharge remains a research challenge. In this study, a tidal bore formation and its hydrodynamics characteristics have been numerically investigated by using a two-dimensional version of OpenFOAM (Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation) model to obtain a better understanding of the effects of flow velocity before arrival of the bore (V
1), initial water depth (d
1), and Froude number (Fr) on the propagation of the tidal bore. The numerical simulation results have confirmed earlier findings obtained under both field and laboratory data in which types of the tidal bores depend on the Froude number. An undular tidal bore occurs when 1 ≤ Fr < 1.25, while partially breaking undular bore appears for 1.25 ≤ Fr < 1.5 – 1.6. Further simulation results have revealed that the flow velocity before the bore passage (downstream flow or V
1) is more dominant than the initial water depth in affecting the Froude number. Meanwhile, the bore celerity (U

b
) is more affected by the initial water depth compared to the flow velocity before the bore arrival. It is found that the Froude number does not directly affect wave parameters of the bore, such as amplitude, length, period, and steepness of the wave. However, the wave length and period are directly proportional to the initial water depth, whereas the wave amplitude and steepness are associated with the velocity prior to the bore passage.
Seiches in a Closed Basin of Various Geometric Shape
Authors: Rif’atin H Q , Magdalena I
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we will observe wave’s profile when the resonance occur in a closed basin of various geometric shape, which are rectangular, triangular, and semi-parabolic. The governing equation is shallow water equation. We solve the governing equation analytically to obtain the value of natural resonant period of the basin, which causes resonance phenomena. The analytical results were compared to the experimental results to see how good our model is. The equation will also be solved numerically using finite volume on a staggered grid method. Then, the numerical scheme will be validated against the analytical solutions we derived before.
Infinitely many Equilibria and Some Codimension One Bifurcations in a Subsystem of a Two-Preys One-Predator Dynamical System
Authors: Marwan M , Tuwankotta J M
Published: October 2019

In this paper we study a two dimensional dynamical system depending on four parameters. This is a subsystem of a three dimensional system of two-preys one-predator system. Our focus is in the dynamics of the system and bifurcations with respect to the variation on the mortality rate of the predator. Interesting co-dimension one bifurcation such as transcritical and Hopf bifurcation have been observed. Furthermore, the system exhibit the existence of infinitely many equilibria as the bifurcation parameter become zero.
Photocurrent enhancement by incorporation of air-stable Cs2SnI6 Perovskite in dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Pujiarti H , Wulandari P , Hidayat R
Published: October 2019

Cs2SnI6 is an inorganic lead-free perovskite variant which is air and thermal stable and its application in the third generation of photovoltaic devices is undergoing rapid expansion over the past few years. This paper presents a fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with the incorporation of Cs2SnI6 perovskite in the active layer of N-719 dye. The absorbance spectra of N-719 dye on TiO2 mesoporous layer is found to increase by the addition of 2 wt% and 3 wt% of Cs2SnI6 in N719 dye in comparison to the reference of N-719 dye leading the role of Cs2SnI6 as photon absorber in the devices. Our fabricated DSSC device reveals a photocurrent enhancement from 6.36 mA/cm2 to 12.87 mA/cm2 by the addition of 3 wt% of Cs2SnI6, along with the enhancement of power conversion efficiency from 1.71% to 3.94%.
K+Λ and K+Σ0 Photoproduction in View of the New CLAS Data
Authors: Mart T
Published: October 2019

We have investigated the effect of the new CLAS data consisting of the recoiled Λ polarization P, photon asymmetry Σ, target asymmetry T, and the double polarizations Ox
and Oz
, on the latest isobar models constructed for the kaon photoproduction processes γp → K
+Λ and γp → K
+Σ0. We found that those data might have significant effect, especially in the K
+Λ channel, where apparent changes are observed in the predicted differential cross sections after including the new CLAS data in the fitting database. The isobar model for the K
+Λ photoproduction must be accordingly modified in order to improve the agreement between model calculation and previous experimental data.
Designing A Low-Cost Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Instrument For Monitoring Degradation Of Milk Quality
Authors: Purwalaksana A Z , Suendo V , Yuliarto B , Hendro
Published: October 2019

A design of a low-cost SPR instrument has been made to monitor the degradation of milk quality. The cost-production of the SPR instruments is much more economical, namely around IDR 10,000,000 where the price of commercial SPR instruments such as nanoSPR6 is $ 9,950. The main components of the instrument are consist of an Arduino Uno microcontroller, red laser, polarizer, stepper motor, prism, gold chip, and a cell phone camera. The light detection system of the instruments is using image processing that utilizes recorded data from the cell phone camera programmed with python software. The sample in this research used is pasteurized milk. The measurement results obtained from the SPR instruments are compared with nanoSPR6. The sensorgram result from the monitoring of pasteurized milk using both SPR instruments for 12 hours and nanoSPR6 for 4 hours has experienced a decrease in light intensity. The light intensity had decreased up to 8 hours from the time of observation and remained flat for the next 4 hours. This decreased intensity states that there is a shift in the angle dip during the monitoring process. This explanation is supported by track mode measurement data by nanoSPR6 that run for 2 hours, showing a change in the angle dip from 67.34° to 67.6°. The increase in angle dip during the monitoring process is because of increasement in the dielectric constant and the density of the milk during the process of quality degradation. In addition, it is also suspected to be due to the appearance of fatty deposits in milk which results in an increase in the milk refractive index. The change of the milk refractive index within 2 hours is 0.0023 obtained by a fitting process using the Winspall software.
Ernst Potential of Near-Horizon Extremal Kerr Black Holes
Authors: Sakti M F A R , Irawan A , Suroso A , Zen F P
Published: October 2019

One way to find the solution of black holes is through the Ernst equations that is quite simple instead of solving the Einstein equation. Solution of Ernst equations for Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes have been achieved in the last century. The magnetized case for those black holes and their Ernst potentials can be found using Harrison transformation. Herein the Ernst potential for extremal rotating Kerr and its magnetized solution is shown. In the end, we also extend this fashion for extremal Kerr-Newman black hole.
Global Existence of Maxwell Klein Gordon Theory with General Couplings
Authors: Mulyanto  , Akbar F T , Gunara B E
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we prove the global existence of Maxwell Klein Gordon equation (MKG) with the addition of general couplings in 4-dimensional Minkowski space. It is well known that the MKG system is globally well-posed in consideration of the Coulomb gauge condition for finite energy, while here we use the temporal gauge condition to prove its existence. The result shows that the solution does not blow up in finite time. For complete proof of global existence, we show that (H
2 × H
1) norm in the form of “modification of energy” is not also blow up in finite time.