EUREC4A
Authors: Stevens Bjorn , Bony Sandrine , Farrell David , Ament Felix , Blyth Alan , Fairall Christopher , Karstensen Johannes , Quinn Patricia K. , Speich Sabrina , Acquistapace Claudia , Aemisegger Franziska , Albright Anna Lea , Bellenger Hugo , Bodenschatz Eberhard , Caesar Kathy-Ann , Chewitt-Lucas Rebecca , de Boer Gijs , Delanoë Julien , Denby Leif , Ewald Florian , Fildier Benjamin , Forde Marvin , George Geet , Gross Silke , Hagen Martin , Hausold Andrea , Heywood Karen J. , Hirsch Lutz , Jacob Marek , Jansen Friedhelm , Kinne Stefan , Klocke Daniel , Kölling Tobias , Konow Heike , Lothon Marie , Mohr Wiebke , Naumann Ann Kristin , Nuijens Louise , Olivier Léa , Pincus Robert , Pöhlker Mira , Reverdin Gilles , Roberts Gregory , Schnitt Sabrina , Schulz Hauke , Siebesma A. Pier , Stephan Claudia Christine , Sullivan Peter , Touzé-Peiffer Ludovic , Vial Jessica , Vogel Raphaela , Zuidema Paquita , Alexander Nicola , Alves Lyndon , Arixi Sophian , Asmath Hamish , Bagheri Gholamhossein , Baier Katharina , Bailey Adriana , Baranowski Dariusz , Baron Alexandre , Barrau Sébastien , Barrett Paul A. , Batier Frédéric , Behrendt Andreas , Bendinger Arne , Beucher Florent , Bigorre Sebastien , Blades Edmund , Blossey Peter , Bock Olivier , Böing Steven , Bosser Pierre , Bourras Denis , Bouruet-Aubertot Pascale , Bower Keith , Branellec Pierre , Branger Hubert , Brennek Michal , Brewer Alan , Brilouet Pierre-Etienne , Brügmann Björn , Buehler Stefan A. , Burke Elmo , Burton Ralph , Calmer Radiance , Canonici Jean-Christophe , Carton Xavier , Cato Jr. Gregory , Charles Jude Andre , Chazette Patrick , Chen Yanxu , Chilinski Michal T. , Choularton Thomas , Chuang Patrick , Clarke Shamal , Coe Hugh , Cornet Céline , Coutris Pierre , Couvreux Fleur , Crewell Susanne , Cronin Timothy , Cui Zhiqiang , Cuypers Yannis , Daley Alton , Damerell Gillian M. , Dauhut Thibaut , Deneke Hartwig , Desbios Jean-Philippe , Dörner Steffen , Donner Sebastian , Douet Vincent , Drushka Kyla , Dütsch Marina , Ehrlich André , Emanuel Kerry , Emmanouilidis Alexandros , Etienne Jean-Claude , Etienne-Leblanc Sheryl , Faure Ghislain , Feingold Graham , Ferrero Luca , Fix Andreas , Flamant Cyrille , Flatau Piotr Jacek , Foltz Gregory R. , Forster Linda , Furtuna Iulian , Gadian Alan , Galewsky Joseph , Gallagher Martin , Gallimore Peter , Gaston Cassandra , Gentemann Chelle , Geyskens Nicolas , Giez Andreas , Gollop John , Gouirand Isabelle , Gourbeyre Christophe , de Graaf Dörte , de Groot Geiske E. , Grosz Robert , Güttler Johannes , Gutleben Manuel , Hall Kashawn , Harris George , Helfer Kevin C. , Henze Dean , Herbert Calvert , Holanda Bruna , Ibanez-Landeta Antonio , Intrieri Janet , Iyer Suneil , Julien Fabrice , Kalesse Heike , Kazil Jan , Kellman Alexander , Kidane Abiel T. , Kirchner Ulrike , Klingebiel Marcus , Körner Mareike , Kremper Leslie Ann , Kretzschmar Jan , Krüger Ovid , Kumala Wojciech , Kurz Armin , L'Hégaret Pierre , Labaste Matthieu , Lachlan-Cope Tom , Laing Arlene , Landschützer Peter , Lang Theresa , Lange Diego , Lange Ingo , Laplace Clément , Lavik Gauke , Laxenaire Rémi , Le Bihan Caroline , Leandro Mason , Lefevre Nathalie , Lena Marius , Lenschow Donald , Li Qiang , Lloyd Gary , Los Sebastian , Losi Niccolò , Lovell Oscar , Luneau Christopher , Makuch Przemyslaw , Malinowski Szymon , Manta Gaston , Marinou Eleni , Marsden Nicholas , Masson Sebastien , Maury Nicolas , Mayer Bernhard , Mayers-Als Margarette , Mazel Christophe , McGeary Wayne , McWilliams James C. , Mech Mario , Mehlmann Melina , Meroni Agostino Niyonkuru , Mieslinger Theresa , Minikin Andreas , Minnett Peter , Möller Gregor , Morfa Avalos Yanmichel , Muller Caroline , Musat Ionela , Napoli Anna , Neuberger Almuth , Noisel Christophe , Noone David , Nordsiek Freja , Nowak Jakub L. , Oswald Lothar , Parker Douglas J. , Peck Carolyn , Person Renaud , Philippi Miriam , Plueddemann Albert , Pöhlker Christopher , Pörtge Veronika , Pöschl Ulrich , Pologne Lawrence , Posyniak Michał , Prange Marc , Quiñones Meléndez Estefanía , Radtke Jule , Ramage Karim , Reimann Jens , Renault Lionel , Reus Klaus , Reyes Ashford , Ribbe Joachim , Ringel Maximilian , Ritschel Markus , Rocha Cesar B. , Rochetin Nicolas , Röttenbacher Johannes , Rollo Callum , Royer Haley , Sadoulet Pauline , Saffin Leo , Sandiford Sanola , Sandu Irina , Schäfer Michael , Schemann Vera , Schirmacher Imke , Schlenczek Oliver , Schmidt Jerome , Schröder Marcel , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Sealy Andrea , Senff Christoph J. , Serikov Ilya , Shohan Samkeyat , Siddle Elizabeth , Smirnov Alexander , Späth Florian , Spooner Branden , Stolla M. Katharina , Szkółka Wojciech , de Szoeke Simon P. , Tarot Stéphane , Tetoni Eleni , Thompson Elizabeth , Thomson Jim , Tomassini Lorenzo , Totems Julien , Ubele Alma Anna , Villiger Leonie , von Arx Jan , Wagner Thomas , Walther Andi , Webber Ben , Wendisch Manfred , Whitehall Shanice , Wiltshire Anton , Wing Allison A. , Wirth Martin , Wiskandt Jonathan , Wolf Kevin , Worbes Ludwig , Wright Ethan , Wulfmeyer Volker , Young Shanea , Zhang Chidong , Zhang Dongxiao , Ziemen Florian , Zinner Tobias , Zöger Martin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The science guiding the EUREC4A campaign and its measurements is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic – eastward and southeastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, EUREC4A marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or the life cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso- (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly 400 h of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft; four global-class research vessels; an advanced ground-based cloud observatory; scores of autonomous observing platforms operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10 000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air–sea interface; a network of water stable isotopologue measurements; targeted tasking of satellite remote sensing; and modeling with a new generation of weather and climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that EUREC4A explored – from North Brazil Current rings to turbulence-induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation – are presented along with an overview of EUREC4A's outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice. Track data for all platforms are standardized and accessible at https://doi.org/10.25326/165 (Stevens, 2021), and a film documenting the campaign is provided as a video supplement.