bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Multifactor Gene–Environment Interactions and Ovarian Cancer Risk: Candidate Genes, Obesity, and Hormone-Related Risk Factors
Authors: Usset Joseph L. , Raghavan Rama , Tyrer Jonathan P. , McGuire Valerie , Sieh Weiva , Webb Penelope , Chang-Claude Jenny , Rudolph Anja , Anton-Culver Hoda , Berchuck Andrew , Brinton Louise , Cunningham Julie M. , DeFazio Anna , Doherty Jennifer A. , Edwards Robert P. , Gayther Simon A. , Gentry-Maharaj Aleksandra , Goodman Marc T. , Høgdall Estrid , Jensen Allan , Johnatty Sharon E. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Kjaer Susanne K. , Larson Melissa C. , Lurie Galina , Massuger Leon , Menon Usha , Modugno Francesmary , Moysich Kirsten B. , Ness Roberta B. , Pike Malcolm C. , Ramus Susan J. , Rossing Mary Anne , Rothstein Joseph , Song Honglin , Thompson Pamela J. , van den Berg David J. , Vierkant Robert A. , Wang-Gohrke Shan , Wentzensen Nicolas , Whittemore Alice S. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Wu Anna H. , Yang Hannah , Pearce Celeste Leigh , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Pharoah Paul , Goode Ellen L. , Fridley Brooke L.
Published: March 2016

Background: Many epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk factors relate to hormone exposure and elevated estrogen levels are associated with obesity in postmenopausal women. Therefore, we hypothesized that gene–environment interactions related to hormone-related risk factors could differ between obese and non-obese women.

Methods: We considered interactions between 11,441 SNPs within 80 candidate genes related to hormone biosynthesis and metabolism and insulin-like growth factors with six hormone-related factors (oral contraceptive use, parity, endometriosis, tubal ligation, hormone replacement therapy, and estrogen use) and assessed whether these interactions differed between obese and non-obese women. Interactions were assessed using logistic regression models and data from 14 case–control studies (6,247 cases; 10,379 controls). Histotype-specific analyses were also completed.

Results: SNPs in the following candidate genes showed notable interaction: IGF1R (rs41497346, estrogen plus progesterone hormone therapy, histology = all, P = 4.9 × 10−6) and ESR1 (rs12661437, endometriosis, histology = all, P = 1.5 × 10−5). The most notable obesity–gene–hormone risk factor interaction was within INSR (rs113759408, parity, histology = endometrioid, P = 8.8 × 10−6).

Conclusions: We have demonstrated the feasibility of assessing multifactor interactions in large genetic epidemiology studies. Follow-up studies are necessary to assess the robustness of our findings for ESR1, CYP11A1, IGF1R, CYP11B1, INSR, and IGFBP2. Future work is needed to develop powerful statistical methods able to detect these complex interactions.

Impact: Assessment of multifactor interaction is feasible, and, here, suggests that the relationship between genetic variants within candidate genes and hormone-related risk factors may vary EOC susceptibility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 780–90. ©2016 AACR.
FDA Approval of Gefitinib for the Treatment of Patients with Metastatic EGFR Mutation–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kazandjian Dickran , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Yuan Weishi , He Kun , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard
Published: March 2016

On July 13, 2015, the FDA approved gefitinib (Iressa; AstraZeneca UK Limited) for the treatment of patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test. Concurrently, a labeling expansion of the therascreen EGFR RGQ PCR Kit (Qiagen) as a companion diagnostic test was approved. The approval was based on the results of a multicenter, single-arm, open-label clinical study of 106 treatment-naïve patients with metastatic EGFR mutation–positive NSCLC who received gefitinib, 250 mg daily, until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The major efficacy outcome was RECIST v1.1 objective response rate (ORR). The blinded independent central review (BICR) ORR was 50% [95% confidence interval (CI), 41–59] with a median duration of response (DoR) of 6.0 months. Efficacy results were supported by a retrospective exploratory analysis of a subset of a randomized, multicenter, open-label trial on 1,217 patients with metastatic NSCLC. Of the patients randomized, 186 (15%) were retrospectively determined to be EGFR positive and evaluable for a BICR assessment. The HR for progression-free survival (PFS) was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.38–0.79), favoring gefitinib over platinum-doublet chemotherapy. The most common (≥20%) adverse reactions were skin reactions, increased aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, proteinuria, and diarrhea. Approximately 5% of patients discontinued treatment due to an adverse reaction. Given the safety profile and clinically meaningful ORR, DoR, and PFS, the benefit–risk analysis was deemed favorable for FDA approval. Clin Cancer Res; 22(6); 1307–12. ©2016 AACR.
Resíduos de decisão e suas repercussões à saúde dos trabalhadores em uma cooperativa de reciclagem
Authors: Sícoli Juliana Lordello
Published: March 2016

O artigo discute o trabalho intensivo da pré-reciclagem no atual estágio de alargamento das formas desregulamentadas, degradadas e precarizadas de trabalho, condicionadas pelo imperativo da sobrevivência. A discussão tem como base o estudo etnográfico da Cooperativa de Reciclagem de Matéria-Prima de Embu (Coopermape) - lócus da dissertação defendida por Juliana Lordello Sícoli e orientada por Leny Sato em 2007 - e problematiza em que medida cooperativas que atuam na pré-reciclagem podem reorganizar o processo de trabalho levando em conta também os interesses e as necessidades dos trabalhadores. Apesar da configuração exógena da organização do trabalho, a experiência de campo mostrou que existe uma margem residual, mas importante, de decisão dos cooperados sobre o processo cotidiano de trabalho. As experiências de reconfiguração de algumas etapas e atitudes preventivas identificadas indicam que há situações em que é possível compatibilizar agilidade no processo e minimização da sobrecarga e desgaste dos trabalhadores. As considerações finais procuram valorizar as conquistas recentes, especialmente a instituição da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, problematizando seu potencial para alargar os avanços observados na pesquisa de campo.
Trabalho, trabalhadores e questão social na sociabilidade capitalista
Authors: Guiraldelli Reginaldo
Published: March 2016

Este ensaio, por meio de revisão da literatura, analisa as transformações societárias em curso que afetam o mundo do trabalho e a vida em sociedade, provocando o acirramento da questão social, compreendida como resultante das contradições entre capital e trabalho. Em linhas gerais, tendo em vista o acúmulo de conhecimento produzido no campo das ciências sociais e humanas acerca do tema, são apresentados elementos acerca das alterações desencadeadas no mundo do trabalho e seus reflexos para os trabalhadores em tempos de crise do capital. Dentre as consequências dessas transformações estão a intensificação e a expansão de formas precárias de trabalho, o agravamento do pauperismo, o avanço do desemprego, a informalidade, as subcontratações, a miséria e a perda de direitos sociais. Tal quadro esboça, para o conjunto da classe trabalhadora, por meio de organizações e lutas coletivas, desafios com vistas à superação da sociabilidade capitalista.
A questão da Saúde do Trabalhador em empreendimentos autogestionários
Authors: Dimov Tatiana , Nóbrega Juliana Da Silva
Published: March 2016

Este artigo se propõe a revisitar alguns teóricos da autogestão, da sociologia e da psicologia do trabalho e da saúde do trabalhador a fim de formular uma construção possível de entendimento da saúde do trabalhador dentro do contexto das fábricas recuperadas. Nessas fábricas, os trabalhadores podem participar ativamente das escolhas relacionadas ao processo produtivo e, muito embora o ritmo de trabalho seja pautado pelas empresas capitalistas com quem devem concorrer, podem participar das decisões referentes às condições que regram o ritmo de trabalho. Se problemas relacionados ao adoecimento no trabalho existem, é possível que estes se deem em uma outra proporção em relação ao trabalho na fábrica tradicional. A vantagem do processo autogestionário é a possibilidade de coletivamente se alterar a forma de estar no trabalho com o intuito de buscar o bem-estar coletivo.
Mobilização de um coletivo de catadores: prática em Clínica Psicodinâmica da Cooperação
Authors: Ghizoni Liliam Deisy , Mendes Ana Magnólia
Published: March 2016

Neste artigo, apresentam-se os resultados de uma prática em Clínica Psicodinâmica da Cooperação com trabalhadores vinculados a uma associação de catadores. Parte-se do referencial da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, que se caracteriza como uma escuta clínica para sujeitos que resistem às diversas formas de sofrimento no trabalho impostas por sua organização, além de ser promotora de saúde por meio da mobilização subjetiva do coletivo de trabalhadores. Objetiva-se aqui descrever esta mobilização por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo. Foram 12 sessões com a participação de 16 catadores pouco escolarizados, de idade entre 39 e 78 anos. Houve a transição de uma gestão individual para uma gestão coletiva, ainda em processo de estruturação e aprendizado. A mobilização subjetiva que aconteceu no percurso da Clínica continuou reverberando no coletivo de catadores, o qual, após a constituição do coletivo gestor, promoveu mudanças na organização laboral e apropriou-se do real do trabalho e da gestão coletiva da associação; estes foram os principais efeitos desta prática. Destarte, a maior demonstração deste estudo é a importância da Clínica como potencial político de organização coletiva.
Saúde mental e trabalho: descrição da produção acadêmica no contexto da pós-graduação brasileira
Authors: Oliveira Adélia Augusta Souto de , Bastos Juliano Almeida
Published: March 2016

Este estudo descreve a produção acadêmica da área de Saúde mental e trabalho na pós-graduação brasileira. A partir de uma perspectiva qualitativa, realizou-se uma pesquisa de tipo bibliográfica com os documentos disponíveis nos bancos de teses e dissertações da CAPES e da BVS-Psi. Os resultados indicam que a área tem sido estudada eminentemente em nível de mestrado; 84% são dissertações e 16% são teses. Os primeiros documentos datam de 1989. A partir do ano 2000, a produção cresceu consideravelmente: 88% do material data deste período. Predominam estudos ligados à Psicologia: 56% dos documentos. A região Sudeste concentra 46% do total; São Paulo responde por 30%, indicando uma grande concentração de estudos nessa região do país. Identifica-se ainda 49 instituições que apresentam produção de estudos, sendo USP, UFRJ, UFRGS, UNB e UFMG as que mais produzem. Conclui-se que a área de Saúde mental e trabalho surgiu do contexto socio-histórico em que se desenvolveu o campo da Saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. A produção proveniente em maior proporção de universidades públicas parece indicar um compromisso ético e político destas instituições em responder aos problemas sociais que demandam investigação científica.
Três movimentos para problematizar o trabalho no Contemporâne
Authors: Amador Fernanda Spanier
Published: March 2016

Este artigo aborda as transformações contemporâneas associadas à reestruturação produtiva que marcou a passagem do modelo de acumulação taylorista-fordista para o de acumulação flexível de capital, bem como algumas ferramentas conceituais visando à análise dos modos como os sujeitos vivenciam e dão sentido às experiências de trabalho. Por fim, aborda os desafios colocados à criação de estratégias clínico-políticas, de modo a promover tanto a transformação das situações laborais quanto uma análise de como estamos fazendo a experiência de nós mesmos em meio ao trabalho no contemporâneo.
O trabalho das docentes da Educação Infantil e o mal-estar docente: o impacto dos aspectos psicossociais no adoecimento
Authors: Martins Maria De Fátima Duarte , Vieira Jarbas Santos , Feijó José Roberto , Bugs Vanessa
Published: March 2016

O estudo analisa a relação entre processo de trabalho e a saúde de 196 professoras das Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil em uma cidade de porte médio no Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: qualitativa e quantitativa. Neste artigo, apresentamos resultados preliminares da etapa qualitativa. O questionário Job Content Questionnaire (Karasek, 2008) foi utilizado para captar as relações entre as demandas advindas do trabalho dessas professoras e o grau de controle que possuem sobre o mesmo, assim como verificar o suporte social recebido. Aqui, o foco são os aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e sua relação com o adoecimento. Os resultados revelaram que um grupo significativo de professoras está em risco de adoecimento, trabalhando em um ambiente que exige um alto grau de envolvimento, possuindo pouco controle sobre esse trabalho. A interação entre o trabalho e o ambiente laboral, a satisfação no trabalho e as condições de organização em que essas professoras exercem seus ofícios, da forma como estão, podem levá-las ao mal-estar docente.
Merging Electronic Health Record Data and Genomics for Cardiovascular Research
Authors: Hall Jennifer L. , Ryan John J. , Bray Bruce E. , Brown Candice , Lanfear David , Newby L. Kristin , Relling Mary V. , Risch Neil J. , Roden Dan M. , Shaw Stanley Y. , Tcheng James E. , Tenenbaum Jessica , Wang Thomas N. , Weintraub William S.
Published: March 2016

The process of scientific discovery is rapidly evolving. The funding climate has influenced a favorable shift in scientific discovery toward the use of existing resources such as the electronic health record. The electronic health record enables long-term outlooks on human health and disease, in conjunction with multidimensional phenotypes that include laboratory data, images, vital signs, and other clinical information. Initial work has confirmed the utility of the electronic health record for understanding mechanisms and patterns of variability in disease susceptibility, disease evolution, and drug responses. The addition of biobanks and genomic data to the information contained in the electronic health record has been demonstrated. The purpose of this statement is to discuss the current challenges in and the potential for merging electronic health record data and genomics for cardiovascular research.
Age- and Hypertension-Associated Protein Aggregates in Mouse Heart Have Similar Proteomic Profiles
Authors: Ayyadevara Srinivas , Mercanti Federico , Wang Xianwei , Mackintosh Samuel G. , Tackett Alan J. , Prayaga Sastry V.S. , Romeo Francesco , Shmookler Reis Robert J. , Mehta Jawahar L.
Published: March 2016

Neurodegenerative diseases are largely defined by protein aggregates in affected tissues. Aggregates contain some shared components as well as proteins thought to be specific for each disease. Aggregation has not previously been reported in the normal, aging heart or the hypertensive heart. Detergent-insoluble protein aggregates were isolated from mouse heart and characterized on 2-dimensional gels. Their levels increased markedly and significantly with aging and after sustained angiotensin II–induced hypertension. Of the aggregate components identified by high-resolution proteomics, half changed in abundance with age (392/787) or with sustained hypertension (459/824), whereas 30% (273/901) changed concordantly in both, each
P
<0.05. One fifth of these proteins were previously associated with age-progressive neurodegenerative or cardiovascular diseases, or both (eg, ApoE, ApoJ, ApoAIV, clusterin, complement C3, and others involved in stress-response and protein-homeostasis pathways). Because fibrosis is a characteristic of both aged and hypertensive hearts, we posited that aging of fibroblasts may contribute to the aggregates observed in cardiac tissue. Indeed, as cardiac myofibroblasts "senesced" (approached their replicative limit) in vitro, they accrued aggregates with many of the same constituent proteins observed in vivo during natural aging or sustained hypertension. In summary, we have shown for the first time that compact (detergent-insoluble) protein aggregates accumulate during natural aging, chronic hypertension, and in vitro myofibroblast senescence, sharing many common proteins. Thus, aggregates that arise from disparate causes (aging, hypertension, and replicative senescence) may have common underlying mechanisms of accrual.
A new North African subspecies in the Helianthemum origanifolium aggregate (H. subg. Plectolobum, Cistaceae)
Authors: CRESPO MANUEL B. , ALONSO Mª ÁNGELES , VICENTE ALICIA , VILLAR JOSÉ LUIS
Published: March 2016

The Helianthemum origanifolium aggregate is widely diversified, with several subspecies distributed in the western Mediterranean basin. Populations from Morocco and Algeria have been usually referred either to H. origanigolium subsp. origanifolium or to H. origanifolium subsp. molle, a taxon usually considered an eastern Iberian endemic. Detailed studies of those Moroccan and Algerian populations revealed a unique combination of constant macro- and micromorphological traits, allowing the description of a new subspecies to accommodate them, H. origanifolium subsp. africanum. Some floral and fruit characters, together with SEM observations of the indumentum, were found to be reliable and diagnostic for differentiating the new taxon with regard to the other subspecies of the aggregate. Data on the ecology and distribution are also reported for this new subspecies, as well as affinities and divergences with other closely allied taxa are also discussed.
Predicting Handwriting Difficulties Through Spelling Processes
Authors: Rodríguez Cristina , Villarroel Rebeca
Published: March 2016

This study examined whether spelling tasks contribute to the prediction of the handwriting status of children with poor and good handwriting skills in a cross-sectional study with 276 Spanish children from Grades 1 and 3. The main hypothesis was that the spelling tasks would predict the handwriting status of the children, although this influence would decrease with age due to a gradual automatization of handwriting skills. The results confirmed this hypothesis. Another interesting result was that the pattern of pseudoword and irregular word spellings as predictors of handwriting status changed from Grade 1 to Grade 3. In Grade 1, the pseudoword spelling task made a significant contribution, whereas the irregular word spelling task did not. The opposite pattern was found in Grade 3. These results may be a consequence of progressive acquisition of orthographic representations. The orthographic role of the task of writing the alphabet in order from memory in the prediction model was also analyzed. The writing of the alphabet in order from memory task made a significant contribution to the prediction of handwriting status of the children beyond the orthographic influence of spelling tasks. The additional effect of this task on the prediction of handwriting status is presumably due to the fact that this measure is based on fluency.
Facilitating Service Learning in the Online Technical Communication Classroom
Authors: Nielsen Danielle
Published: March 2016

Drawing from the author’s experience teaching online technical communication courses with an embedded service-learning component, this essay opens the discussion to the potential problems involved in designing online service-learning courses and provides practical approaches to integrating service learning into online coursework. The essay addresses specifically those classrooms where students may be required to develop or find their own service opportunities, whether those opportunities are within their community, on the college or university campus, or in another community. The essay argues by implementing service learning into online classrooms and requiring students to locate their own agencies, students not only build a greater sense of civic engagement because they are working with agencies whose missions they support, but also they develop a greater sense of responsibility for their own education and the coursework they undertake.
Can promoting romantic relationship quality help gay and bisexual men better face HIV stigma?
Authors: Rodríguez de los Reyes Gibran , Urriola González Karla
Published: March 2016

Advancements in antiretroviral treatment and a greater access to medication have contributed to an increased life expectancy for people who live with HIV/AIDS. As a result, new psychosocial goals in the treatment of HIV, such as improving the quality of life and levels of well-being of those who are infected, have become increasingly relevant. Since men who have sex with men, particularly those who identify as gay and bisexual, continue to be a group of primary concern within the HIV-affected population, new interventions to help them reach the aforementioned goals must be developed. Considering HIV stigma represents a paramount psychosocial threat for individual’s psychological and physical well-being, the authors embrace a resilience-oriented perspective and propose a relational approach to helping gay and bisexual men living with HIV/AIDS better face social stigma. Through an integrative literature review that discusses scholarly works published in the past 15 years on the topics of HIV stigma, relationship quality, and interventions with couples dealing with chronic illness, the authors suggest several couple-oriented interventions as promising strategies to help gay and bisexual men living with HIV/AIDS cope with the social stigma. Future directions in research and plausible components for interventions with these HIV-affected male couples are also discussed.
Nursing and Substance Use Disorders in Mexico
Authors: Villegas-Pantoja Miguel A. , Mendez-Ruiz Martha D.
Published: March 2016

The authors of this article see substance use disorders as a major public health problem in Mexico in which nursing is taking on an increasingly important role in addressing. The authors discuss some the challenges and opportunities nurse researchers, educators, and clinicians face in the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders in Mexico.
Sorting It Out
Authors: Karnick Paula M.
Published: March 2016

Healthcare literacy and cultural competence are necessary components in keeping patients informed. Nurses are the foundation of healthcare and pivotal in creating trusting relationships with patients by sharing information. Respect is key in developing a tailored approach to individuals’ healthcare literacy and nurses’ cultural competence. In practice, the consequence of understanding healthcare literacy and being culturally competent should not be understated. Whether on a mission trip to another country or working in a clinic in the United States, diverse cultures abound. While a person from a particular culture may have some of the same beliefs of others in a culture, the breadth of expression of culture, personal beliefs, and worldview may be vastly different. Humans express themselves in unique ways even within cultures. Seeking ways to understand one another is vital not only in healthcare but in all aspects of life.
Conceptualizing Nonmarket Municipal Entrepreneurship: Everyday Municipal Innovation and the Roles of Metropolitan Context, Internal Resources, and Learning
Authors: Shearmur Richard , Poirier Vincent
Published: March 2016

Public-sector innovation and entrepreneurship usually refer to policies undertaken by public administrations or driven by urban regimes in view of furthering economic development. Some researchers study these processes from a management perspective; others critique them as vehicles of neoliberalization. However, scant attention has been paid to everyday technical and service innovation undertaken by municipal departments and employees. Although this innovation is usually not driven by markets, municipalities’ small size and geographic rootedness suggest it can be apprehended using concepts from firm-level studies. Our study of a municipal innovation competition in Quebec provides examples of everyday municipal innovation. We find that municipalities’ internal capacity determines their innovativeness, that learning occurs, and that the motivation and evaluation of everyday municipal innovation are not market-based. This calls into question the appropriation of the term urban entrepreneurship by urban political economists and invites students of cities to examine municipal entrepreneurial processes more closely.
Influence of cumulative damage on seismic response modification factors of elastic perfectly plastic oscillators
Authors: Hou Hetao , Qu Bing
Published: March 2016

Based upon elastic perfectly plastic oscillators, this research investigates the influence of cumulative damage on seismic response modification factors. To take into account the cumulative damage due to hysteretic energy absorption, the Park–Ang damage index was adopted as the damage measure. A large number of iterative nonlinear response history analyses were conducted for the oscillators with periods and other features representative of conventional civil structures. Analysis results show that a significant portion of the total damage in a system reaching its damage limit state is due to hysteretic energy absorption. Consequently, the maximum tolerable ductility demand in the system under earthquake loading is lower than its ductility capacity determined under the monotonic loading condition. Moreover, the existing formulae for calculating response modification factors are shown to be inadequate to capture the effect of cumulative damage. A new method was developed for improved estimates of the response modification factors.
The Persistence of Working Poor Families in a Changing U.S. Job Market
Authors: Torraco Richard J.
Published: March 2016

This article explores the persistence of working poor families in the United States—families that live on the threshold of poverty despite at least one family member working full-time. The persistence of poverty in the United States has been exacerbated by recent changes in the job market that have altered the composition and availability of jobs due to technological unemployment, the polarization of jobs, declining job quality, and stagnation in job growth. The relationships between the persistence of working poor families and these changes in the job market are examined. The article concludes with a review of human resource development (HRD) research on poverty and the working poor, and a discussion of the implications of the persistence of working poor families for HRD research and practice.
Kinematic analysis of a novel uncoupled and isotropic 2-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism
Authors: Niu Guojun , Pan Bo , Zhang Fuhai , Feng Haibo , Fu Yili
Published: March 2016

A novel uncoupled and isotropic 2-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism is presented in this article. The parallel mechanism consists of two kinematic chains: R-4R-R kinematic structure and R-R-P-R-R kinematic structure. The x-axis and y-axis projective angles of the output linkages can be actuated by the corresponding motor mounted on the fixed base. Forward kinematic, inverse kinematic, uncoupled, and isotropic characteristics of the parallel mechanism are analyzed. Singularity analysis and workspace analysis are achieved. The uncoupled and isotropic architecture of the parallel mechanism has some merits such as the larger workspace, a simple mathematical treatment, an easy control, high stiffness, and dexterity. The parallel mechanism can be applied in fields that require aiming at subjects, such as the use of machining tools, radar scanners, telescopes, cameras, satellite solar arrays, the human wrist, and minimally invasive surgery.
Professional carers’ experiences of caring for individuals with intellectual disability and dementia
Authors: Cleary Josephine , Doody Owen
Published: March 2016

The number of people with intellectual disability living into old age and developing dementia continues to increase. Dementia presents a wide range of challenges for staff due to progressive deterioration. This article presents the findings from a narrative literature review of professional caregivers’ experiences of caring for individuals with intellectual disability and dementia. Seven electronic databases were searched using Boolean operators and truncation to identify relevant literature. Search results were combined and narrowed to articles relevant to staff working with individuals with intellectual disability and dementia, and 14 articles met the criteria for review. Themes outlined in the review include staff knowledge of dementia, staff training in dementia, caregiving, challenging behaviour, pain management, mealtime support and coping strategies. Overall carers must review and adjust their care delivery and support to people with intellectual disability and dementia, not only in terms of identifying and responding to their health needs but also through collaborative team working within and across services.
Religion, poverty and conflict in a garbage slum of Ahmedabad
Authors: Miklian Jason , Birkvad Ida Roland
Published: March 2016

Ahmedabad is often called an Indian ‘success story’ in terms of economic urbanization, but it is also a city highly segregated along religious and caste lines, and a flashpoint in the 2002 Hindu–Muslim riots that left thousands dead. Most of the Muslim communities relocated after the violence work in a vast informal sector around the city’s landfills and waste management peripheries that are disregarded by local government and endemic with corruption. While many scholars see this as a recipe for violent conflict, we explore the garbage slum community in Chandola to show that a leveling of social stratification and reduction of segregation amongst Hindu and Muslim communities in this slum results in a more congruous inter-group relationship than current literatures on the relationship between poverty, religion and violence might predict. However, their unity has come at the expense of jointly ‘othering’ an even more vulnerable group of newcomers – a Bangladeshi migrant community that is persecuted both by the state as well as by fellow residents. We show that while violence markers are constituted in new ways, challenging some assumptions of how inter-group violence is triggered, the fundamental societal weaknesses that facilitate such tensions remain prevalent despite changing conflict actor allegiances.
Relaxation time distribution obtained from a Debye decomposition of spectral induced polarization data
Authors: Ustra Andrea , Mendonça Carlos Alberto , Ntarlagiannis Dimitrios , Slater Lee D.
Published: March 2016

We have developed an alternative formulation for Debye decomposition of complex electric conductivity spectra, by recasting it into a new set of parameters with a close relationship to the continuous formulation for the complex conductivity method. The procedure determines a relaxation time distribution (RTD) and two frequency-independent parameters that modulate the complex conductivity spectra. These two parameters represent (1) the direct current contribution and (2) the conductivity range spanned by the low- and high-frequency limits. The distribution of relaxation times quantifies the contribution of each distinct relaxation process. Assuming that characteristic times with insignificant contributions can be ignored, a minimum set of characteristic relaxation times is determined. Each contribution can then be associated with specific polarization processes that can be interpreted in terms of electrochemical or interfacial parameters of mechanistic models derived from inverted parameters obtained from the proposed approach. Synthetic tests show that the procedure can fit spectral induced polarization (SIP) data and successfully retrieve the RTD. We have applied the procedure to laboratory SIP data from experiments with sand and oil mixtures undergoing microbial degradation of hydrocarbons. The RTD reveals evidence of a length scale at which a new polarization process takes place as a result of the biodegradation process.
Automatic approximate mapping of the subsurface resistivity from apparent resistivity data using geostatistics
Authors: Santana Jerbeson M. , Medeiros Walter E.
Published: March 2016

We have developed a new method for the approximate mapping of subsurface resistivity based on a geostatistical approach. We have used the characteristic points (CPs) of a resistivity sounding, which are their inflection and extreme (maximum and minimum) points. The methodology consists of five stages: (1) smoothing the geoelectric soundings to assure stability in the presence of measurement errors, (2) identifying the CPs in the smoothed versions of the geoelectric soundings, (3) obtaining subsurface sparse point resistivity estimates for the subsurface resistivity from the CPs, using empirical relationships between electrode spacing and penetration depth, (4) calculating semivariograms using the subsurface sparse point resistivity estimates, and fitting them with semivariogram models, and, finally, (5) estimating the subsurface resistivity distribution by kriging interpolation of the sparse point estimates. No explicit assumption is made about the true subsurface resistivity and, as result, the method can be applied to models of any dimension, given that the empirical rule for the penetration depth is approximately valid. Computationally, the method is very fast because no numerical modeling (either direct or inverse) is demanded and the most intensive computer operation is just a kriging interpolation. Given its independence of the model dimension and stability in the presence of measurement errors, the method can be readily implemented as a fast automatic method of interpretation. As result, the best scenario to apply the method is the initial treatment of large data sets. The methodology was developed, with synthetic and field data, using direct current (DC) resistivity soundings obtained with the Schlumberger array. The proposed method might be generalized for other DC-resistivity arrays and electromagnetic techniques based on resistivity soundings.
Simulating propagation of separated wave modes in general anisotropic media, Part II: qS-wave propagators
Authors: Cheng Jiubing , Kang Wei
Published: March 2016

Shear (S)-waves, especially converted modes in multicomponent seismic data, provide significant information that allows better delineation of geologic structures and characterization of petroleum reservoirs. Seismic imaging and inversion based upon the elastic wave equation involve high computational cost and many challenges in decoupling the wave modes and estimating so many model parameters. For transversely isotropic media, S-waves can be designated as pure SH and quasi-SV modes. Through two different similarity transformations to the Christoffel equation aiming to project the vector displacement wavefields onto the isotropic references of the polarization directions, we have derived simplified second-order systems (i.e., pseudo-pure-mode wave equations) for SH- and qSV-waves, respectively. The first system propagates a vector wavefield with two horizontal components, of which the summation produces pure-mode scalar SH-wave data, and the second system propagates a vector wavefield with a summed horizontal component and a vertical component, of which the final summation produces a scalar field dominated by qSV-waves in energy. The simulated SH- or qSV-wave has the same kinematics as its counterpart in the elastic wavefield. We may obtain completely separated scalar qSV-wave fields after spatial filtering the pseudo-pure-mode qSV-wave fields. We have demonstrated with synthetic examples that these wave propagators provide efficient and flexible tools for qS-wave extrapolation in general transversely isotropic media.
Moving faults while unfaulting 3D seismic images
Authors: Wu Xinming , Luo Simon , Hale Dave
Published: March 2016

Unfaulting seismic images to correlate seismic reflectors across faults is helpful in seismic interpretation and is useful for seismic horizon extraction. Methods for unfaulting typically assume that fault geometries need not change during unfaulting. However, for seismic images containing multiple faults and, especially, intersecting faults, this assumption often results in unnecessary distortions in unfaulted images. We have developed two methods to compute vector shifts that simultaneously move fault blocks and the faults themselves to obtain an unfaulted image with minimal distortions. For both methods, we have used estimated fault positions and slip vectors to construct unfaulting equations for image samples alongside faults, and we have constructed simple partial differential equations for samples away from faults. We have solved these two different kinds of equations simultaneously to compute unfaulting vector shifts that are continuous everywhere except at faults. We have tested both methods on a synthetic seismic image containing normal, reverse, and intersecting faults. We also have applied one of the methods to a real 3D seismic image complicated by numerous intersecting faults.
Activated Hippo/Yes-Associated Protein Pathway Promotes Cell Proliferation and Anti-apoptosis in Endometrial Stromal Cells of Endometriosis
Authors: Song Yong , Fu Jing , Zhou Min , Xiao Li , Feng Xue , Chen Hengxi , Huang Wei
Published: March 2016

Context:

The imbalance in cell proliferation and apoptosis is considered an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, but the exact mechanisms remains unclear. A newly established signaling pathway–Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway plays a critical role in the proliferation and apoptosis processes. However, studies focusing on Hippo/YAP pathway and endometriosis are lacking.

Objective:

The objective was to explore the function of the Hippo/YAP pathway in endometriosis.

Setting and Design:

The expression of YAP was first investigated in endometrium of women with or without endometriosis. The role of YAP in cell proliferation and apoptosis is identified by transfection of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) in vitro, subsequent Verteporfin treatments in eutopic ESCs in vitro, and endometriosis animal model of nude mice in vivo.

Results:

Our results revealed that increased expression of YAP and decreased expression of p-YAP in ectopic and eutopic endometrium compared with normal endometrium. YAP knockdown in eutopic ESCs decreased cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis companied with decreased expression of TEAD1, CTGF, and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia (BCL)-2; whereas overexpression of YAP resulted in increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of normal ESCs with increased expression of TEAD1, CTGF, and BCL-2. By chromatin immunoprecipitation qPCR CTGF and BCL-2 were identified as directly downstream target genes of YAP-TEAD1 active complex. Eutopic ESCs treated with Verteporfin revealed decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis whereas in endometriosis animal models of nude mice treated with Verteporfin, the size of endometriotic lesions was significantly reduced.

Conclusions:

Our study suggests that the Hippo/YAP-signaling pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and should present a novel therapeutic method against endometriosis.
PREVENTION OF UNAUTHORIZED DROPPING (DROP) DRAYS AND LABOUR BODY OF CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY
Authors: Кузнецов Александр , Kuznetsov Aleksandr , Сакович Наталия , Sakovich Nataliya , Христофоров Евгений , Khristoforov Evgeniy , Беззуб Юрий , Bezzub Yuriy
Published: March 2016

A technical device developed by authors for prevention of unauthorized dropping (drop) of labour bodies and drays of building machinery is presented.
VIRTUAL SIMULATION OF PROMISING AIR-TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF BALLOON TYPE
Authors: Анамова Рушана , Anamova Rushana , Автушенко Александр , Avtushenko Aleksandr , Рипецкий Андрей , Ripetskiy Andrey
Published: March 2016

The group of authors has carried out a number of works on a virtual simulation of a promising airtransport system (ATS) of balloon type within the MAAT project (Multibody Advanced Airship for Transport) jointly with Free University of Brussel (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB). For the virtual simulation there was used Solid Works system. At modeling we were guided by the principles of a maximum detailed elaboration and interactive estimation. The fulfillment of a form analysis with the purpose of the definition of volume influence upon functional ATS possibilities, optimum use of aerodynamics and photogalvanic energy and also structure mass reduction became the result of this. Further there were carried out strength computations of structural elements of a carriage module, the estimation of safety margin for the virtual simulation of a docking process and docking unit functioning. To carry out an engineering analysis through the method of finite elements there was carried out a virtual simulation of the ATS in the FEMAP system. On a basis of the strength computation there were revealed the weakest sides of a structure and corrected before its creation. Autodesk 3ds Max was used for the creation of a virtual model with the purpose of design development. At the development of designproject the principles of virtual simulation were used. Kandinsky’s theory was used for the color choice of ATS MAAT models. As a result there were developed 3D models and made designmodels of a basic module, carriage module and a docking unit of a transport system with the use of techniques for a quick prototyping and 3D print. There were carried out strength computations of structural elements of a basic module, carriage module, a docking unit with the estimation of safety margin.
DISCREPANCY PROCESS CONTROL UPDATING ON BASIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
Authors: Сафонов Александр , Safonov Aleksandr
Published: March 2016

A current approach to quality management at an industrial enterprise implies a complex automation of all its businessprocesses. The most significant element of the quality management system is a process of discrepancy control. That is why as a top-priority step in the creation of an integrated quality management system is an automation of a discrepancy process control. A basic role in this process is carried out by a service of quality management which reveals discrepancies and a department of technologists defining their reasons and specifying a complex of correcting measures. A classical approach to the activities of a quality control department (QCD) used quite often until now consists in the fixation of discrepancies as a report of the QCD and their archiving till an urgent moment (outer claims coming, occurrences of discrepancies in further manufacturing). Within the bounds of the integrated quality management system there is developed an automated system “DC” (Discrepancy Control) the basic purposes of which consist in the following: a record of manufacturing discrepancies, a record of correcting measures to reveal discrepancies, a control of correcting measures performed, a record of discrepancy reasons, an analysis of discrepancy occurrences, an estimate of function quality of enterprise services. This automated system is introduced in the Joint-Stock Company - Karachevsky Plant “Electrodetail”
ANALYSIS OF RISK AND POTENTIALITIES IN SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Борбаць Николай , Borbats Nikolay , Горленко Олег , Gorlenko Oleg , Можаева Татьяна , Mozhaeva Tatyana
Published: March 2016

According to standards of ISO set 9000 version 2015 as before a process approach remains a basic concept in the formation of quality management systems (QMS) of an organization, but its matter changes considerably. Thereupon an organization must ensure not only a systematic definition and control of processes and a system, in particular, with a general orientation to the thought based of the assessment of risks and potentialities with the purpose of the prevention of undesirable result obtaining. Organization colleagues should be taught to the methods to solve problems, searches and possibility realizations to update processes. At the same time it is worth changing the attitude toward arising problems and consider their detection as an occurrence of new possibilities to increase effectiveness in organization activities. The methodological approaches to the consideration of risks and potentialities in the QMS and its processes are developed not enough. Therefore the approaches to the consideration of risks ion technological systems could be applied quite reasonably. The paper reports a thorough consideration of stages in the process of a risk management and stages in the cycle of the potentialities use the application of which, no doubt, will promote the effectiveness in-crease in organization activities including educational ones.
ECONOMIC-ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN CURRENT WORLD SOCIAL MAN-CAUSED DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Дергачева Елена , Dergacheva Elena
Published: March 2016

Economists and experts in social sciences lose sight of the process of real nature (biosphere) by the artificial environment of vital activity – technosphere as a result of labor activity and mass nonbiosphere character of consumption of its results. Such a socio-economic view on economic processes impoverishes the comprehension of a manufacturing method of economy, as the reproduction of biosphere production consumed by a society is ignored. The economical activity of mancaused (industrial and postindustrial) society is directed at an extended production of artificial, bio-technological processes on planetary scales. The peculiarities of local processes and problems in current globalization could be explained with the presence of tendency towards differentiation, that is, to the conservation of the separation of elements integrating in a global anthropogenic socionatural system. That is why a world ecological crisis has its own peculiarities of spreading in every region which is considered by the example of Russia and Bryansk region. In the course of the interaction of social-economic, artificial and naturalbiological components of the presentday world the integrated mechanisms of its development are formed. In the aggregate these processes should be necessary to include in a problem field of national and world economic-ecological researches with the purpose of the realization of a safe socioanthropogenic development model.
Zero-Sum Polymatrix Games: A Generalization of Minmax
Authors: Cai Yang , Candogan Ozan , Daskalakis Constantinos , Papadimitriou Christos
Published: March 2016

We show that in zero-sum polymatrix games, a multiplayer generalization of two-person zero-sum games, Nash equilibria can be found efficiently with linear programming. We also show that the set of coarse correlated equilibria collapses to the set of Nash equilibria. In contrast, other important properties of two-person zero-sum games are not preserved: Nash equilibrium payoffs need not be unique, and Nash equilibrium strategies need not be exchangeable or max-min.