bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gradient-based Wind Farm Layout Optimization With Inclusion And Exclusion Zones
Authors: Criado Risco Javier , Valotta Rodrigues Rafael , Friis-Møller Mikkel , Quick Julian , Mølgaard Pedersen Mads , Réthoré Pierre-Elouan
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Wind farm layout optimization is usually subjected to boundary constraints of irregular shapes. The analytical expressions of these shapes are rarely available, and consequently, it can be challenging to include them in the mathematical formulation of the problem. This paper presents a new methodology to integrate multiple disconnected and irregular domain boundaries in wind farm layout optimization problems. The method relies on the analytical gradients of the distances between wind turbine locations and boundaries, which are represented by polygons. This parameterized representation of boundary locations allows for a continuous optimization formulation. A limitation of the method, if combined with gradient-based solvers, is that wind turbines are placed within the nearest polygons when the optimization is started in order to satisfy the boundary constraints, thus the allocation of wind turbines per polygon is highly dependent on the initial guess. To overcome this and improve the quality of the solutions, two independent strategies are proposed. A study case is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the method and the proposed strategies. In this study, a wind farm layout is optimized in order to maximize the AEP in a non-uniform wind resource site. The problem is constrained by the minimum distance between wind turbines and five irregular polygon boundaries, defined as inclusion zones. Initial guesses are used to instantiate the optimization problem, which is solved following three independent approaches: (1) a baseline approach that uses a gradient-based solver, (2) approach 1 combined with the relaxation of the boundaries, which allows for a better design space exploration, and (3) the application of a heuristic algorithm, smart-start, prior to the gradient-based optimization, improving the allocation of wind turbines within the inclusion polygons based on the potential wind resource and the available area. The results show that the relaxation of boundaries combined with a gradient-based solver achieves on average +10.2 % of AEP over the baseline, whilst the smart-start algorithm, combined with a gradient-based solver, finds on average +20.5 % of AEP with respect to the baseline and +9.4 % of AEP with respect to the relaxation strategy.
Design and Simulation of Eighth-Order Active-R Band Pass Filter using Multiple Feedback Topology
Authors: Atsuwe B. A. , Igwue G. A. , Amah A. N.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, and active Eight-order R band pass filter is designed and simulated at centre frequency f0 of 284KHz and quality factor Q of 30. The filter is designed from given specifications of the filter. The architecture that will be used is the multiple feedback and the gain magnitude response is simulated using MULTISIM work bench version 11.0.The simulation shows that the bandwidth of the filter at stage 3 was most selected with Bandwidth of 7.65KHz and the roll-off of the filter with values approaching -60dB/decade instead of an Eight-order which is -160dB/decade and there was a shift in the centre frequency of the filter, which is only a slight shift. The filter had a high mid-band gain that increased with each stage 1 (40.14dB) to stage 4 (87.50dB).
Cost Estimation of Pipe Friction Stirs Welding
Authors: Sabry Ibraheem , El-Kassas Ahmed M
Published: February 2023

Friction stir welding was a promising welding technology from the same moment of its existence because of its easy use, being ecologically friendly processed and with no need for filler metal. The present paper discusses the cost analysis of pipe friction stir welding spicily aluminum 6061.cost estimation were performed on pipe with different thickness 2 to 4 mm. rotational speeds 485 to 1800 RPM and a travel speed 4 to 10 mm/min. The each cost component of joining Al 6061 aluminum pipe welding was each component cost (Labor cost, Power cost, Machine cost and Tooling cost) has been closely analyzed and major cost components have been included in the cost model. We used these cost models to predict the cost of friction stir welded pipe joints. Initial results show that the rotational speed, material thickness and travel speed increased due to increase the total cost. Keywords: Friction stir welding, Aluminum pipe, cost analysis
Wire-EDM: A potential Manufacturing Process for Gamma Titanium Aluminides in Future Aero-Engines
Authors: Anurag S.
Published: February 2023

Intermetallic TiAl-based alloys represent an important class of light weight and high temperature structural materials, ideal for future aircraft engines, and can replace the extensively used Nickel based super alloy Inconel 718. However, due to their improved strength, the manufacturing of components from conventional machining processes is nearly impossible and results in high tool wear.Advancements in wire electric-discharge-machining (wire-EDM) technology has made it possible of machining hard materials with accuracy, confirming to quality standards, meeting production targets,ina flexible and inexpensivemanner. In Germany,recent research on wire-EDM of Inconel 718 hasshown negligible white layer and an acceptable fatigue performance,for fir tree slot production in jet engines. This paper analyzesthefeasibility of wire EDM as the machining process for gamma Titanium aluminidesfor future jet engine components.
Porous Radiant Burner for Domestic Cooking Purpose: A Review
Authors: Keshwer Vijay Kumar , Khan Eqbal , Bitta Harpreet Singh
Published: February 2023

For cooking, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is one of the most commonly used fuels in India and many other countries. LPG being a clean fuel burns with no soot and has high calorific value than kerosene and wood. In India, as the living standard of the people is improving the number of LPG consumers is also increasing. The total domestic consumption of LPG in India is almost comparable with other petroleum products used in industrial applications. The thermal efficiency of the current LPG cooking stoves available in the Indian market are in the range of (60-65) % and at the same time the CO and NOX emissions levels are above the world health organization standards. Considering the energy conservation, environment issues and increase in demand of LPG in the near future. The present review paper summarizes the recent modification in the design of free flame conventional LPG burner by using porous materials and highlights its potential.
Measures for Innovating Classroom Teaching Methods
Authors: Bhatia Manpreet Kaur
Published: February 2023

The term “learning environment” suggests place and space – a school, a classroom, a library. And indeed, much 21st century learning takes place in physical locations like these. But in today’s interconnected and technology-driven world, a learning environment can be virtual, online, remote; in other words, it doesn’t have to be a place at all. Perhaps a better way to think of 21st century learning environments is as the support systems that organize the condition in which humans learn best – systems that accommodate .Experts say 21st century learning must take place in contexts that promote interaction and a sense of community [that] enable formal and informal learning. Informal learning means upgradation of human ware. Need to develop attitude through skill monitoring.Many of the successful organizations that we see around us today attribute their success to employees who are empowered to learn and innovate at great speeds. The internet has caused an explosion of access to information on a global level, sparking the need for a paradigm shift in the way educational organizations function. In the era where almost everything is being supported by latest technology, we cannot continue with outdated methods of teaching and still expect to produce a work force which is ready to face the future challenges. .the rapid globalization, accelerating technology changes, massive demographic shifts demand change in education systems to a more modern format which is more learner friendly. We need to take advantage of developments in technology to secure an education that is relevant and responsive to the needs of society as it evolves. The purpose of this paper is to suggest various measures to improve the current methodology of teaching focusing mainly on classroom education.
Study of Hydrazine Carboxamide of 5 nitro indol 2,3 dione and their metal complexes with CO(II), Ni(II) and Mn(II)
Authors: Chaudhary Malvika , Srivastava Alka , Bhadauriya Preeti , Rohilla Aman
Published: February 2023

Among the organic chelating ligands hydrazine are gaining importance day by day because a large no. of such compounds and their metal chelates are known which possess, appreciable antibacterial1, fungicidal2, antituberculostic3 and anticancerous activities4. Various such compounds have been proved of great importance in the field of medicine, industry, biochemistry and research. Hydrazine carboxamide derived from different indol have been prepared and used as chelating agent, bactericidal and fungicidal agents. Biologically active coordination compounds, the present paper include the preparation of Hydrazine carboxamide of 5 nitro indol 2, 3-Dione and 6-nitro indol 2,3-dione and their metal complexes with Co(II) and Zn(II).
Students Perception about the Teachers using Feedback Analysis – A Case Study of an Indian University
Authors: . Sandhya , Goyal Amit , Rohilla Punit Kumar
Published: February 2023

It is important to have students’ feedback on the quality of education and perception about the teaching faculty as with increasing technology; scenario is changing in the academic institutes.So, the institute may incorporate the advanced learning objectives with the changing technologies. Students’ feedback taken considering various attributes so that they can provide the necessary information to be healthy enough in analyzing the behavior and perception of the students towards the faculty of the institute. Data was collected from a sample of the population within the university. In this paper, students’ feedback analyzed using traditional assessment and code analysis. Further it is analyzed that it helps in achieving improvement in learning process and involving the students in their own development to enhance the power of knowledge. Results obtained from the collected data reveals that knowledge base and sincerity of the teacher rated highest by undergraduate and postgraduate students respectively, whereas interest generation is rated lowest by both undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Ecological Benefits of Reviving Urban Water Bodies using Rainwater Harvesting
Authors: Rustogi Paridhi , Singh S. K.
Published: February 2023

Water bodies across India are facing a myriad of ecological challenges due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. As India continues to develop, focus is shifting from preservation and conservation of natural resources to greater economic growth. Issues likeloss of watershed, increasing pollution levels, deteriorating water balance, encroachment and illegal constructions have led to a reduction in the number of urban water bodies and a dire lack of groundwater recharge has impacted the health of existing water bodies over time. Such issues coincide with an influx of population in India’s cities leading to an increase in demand of water resources for personal consumption and for industry. To cater to this rising demand for water across India, augmenting the number of water bodies and improving their health is crucial from a public health and ecological perspective. Water bodies like ponds and lakes provide various ecosystem services that are required to manage microclimate, biodiversity and nutrient cycling. In the Indian context, millions rely on these ecological services provided by water bodies and historically rainwater harvesting has been used as an easy, low-cost and locally adoptable technique to maintain water storage. Its application to revive water bodies can help revitalise water bodies and provide ecological benefits in the process. Implementation of community water management schemes with maximum people’s participation is crucial to ensure the success of such schemes. Similar studies across India and the world lay precedent for such practices and can ameliorate the water shortages faced at a micro level in today’s day and age
Elements of Generators Selection, Sizing and Maintenance in Nigerian Industries
Authors: Akinwole O. O. , Oladimeji T. T.
Published: February 2023

The issue of power supply in relation to industrial revolution in the developing world cannot be overemphasized. At least, production equipment and machines have to be powered to produce goods for the polity. The paper illuminates various ways loads on generators can be estimated; it identified the importance of using correct sizes of generators for loads demand and buttresses the criteria for selecting generating sets for various usages. It discusses the fact that right conductor sizes will undoubtedly prevent voltage drops which may hamper the benefits of using the correct generators. The paper also stresses the economic importance as one of the reasons for selecting right set for specific loads. It suggests various maintenance activities that can optimize maintenance cost and minimize the repair cost thus dovetailing into high productivity and profits.
Bamboo Panel in Building Structure
Authors: Dange Swapnil , Pataskar S. V.
Published: February 2023

Due to terrific growth of population all over India, there is increase in demand for buildings to provide adequate shelter for people. Because of this reason, there is increase in concrete structures and other type of structure. The concrete structures are very heavy as compared to wooden structure. So these concrete structures can be replaced by wooden composites materials and other type of materials. The implementation of new technology will result in waste material being efficiently utilized as sustainable resources for the industry. In this study, bamboo is used as a renewable material along with saw dust and coconut husk as agricultural waste. Bamboo is fast growing and ecologically friendly material for structural applications is being considered as quite appropriate. Bamboo composites panels can provide tailored solution to the eco- housing initiatives at cheaper coasts. In this study the attempt has been made to develop engineered bamboo composite panels for use in housing.
Mechanization and optimization of parameters for the preparation of Burfi in Multipurpose Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger
Authors: Chauhan I. A. , Bhadania A. G.
Published: February 2023

Indian sweet-Burfi is very popular khoa based confection with added sugar as well as flavoring and taste imparting ingredients which is very popular all over India. In India mostly the product is manufactured manually in open pan by manual scraping. The quality of product is not uniform due to human intervention and batch to batch variation is also there. The throughput of the product is also low as it done manually. The multipurpose scraped surface heat exchanger has been designed and developed at Dairy engineering department of SMC College of Dairy Science, AAU, Anand. The optimization of process parameters for mechanized production of burfi in the multipurpose scraped surface heat exchanger has been studied. Load size, scrapper speed and steam pressure varied in different trials. The quality of the product was analyzed in terms of sensory analysis. The steam and electrical power consumption was estimated during the manufacture of burfi. The operating conditions of the SSHE required are 2.5 kg/cm2 steam pressure, 30 rpm scraper speed and 30 kg loading. The steam and electrical power requirements for the manufacture of Burfi are 1.45 kg per kg of water evaporated and 0.12 kWh per kg of product respectively.
Design and analysis of upright in All Terrain Vehicles
Authors: Verma Shubham Kumar , Sinha Amit Kumar , Anand Ankush
Published: February 2023

Upright is an important part of All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) which links suspension, steering, and braking system. Suspension, steering, and braking systems are mounted over the upright. Therefore, upright should have sufficient strength under various loading conditions. Uprights used in commercial vehicles are too heavy and traditionally designed to fulfill the need. When vehicle becomes off-road or ATV, upright should have optimized design and satisfy all aspects of design and performance. In this article we proposed a basic design of upright in terms of optimize weight, strength, and size of upright. The CAD model of upright is prepared in PRO-E 4.0 and the selected design is analyzed in workbench module of ANSYS12.1. Robustness of the proposed optimized design of upright is validated by using different loading conditions of ATV.
Religious Violence and the Conspiracy of the Secular West
Authors: Das Vhuyashi
Published: February 2023

Religion has a dangerous tendency to condone, propagate and even promote violence. This idea is so deeply rooted in both Eastern and Western social and political psyche that it is almost impossible to separate religion and politics from their policies and institutions. However, I will challenge the validity of this thought in this paper. Firstly, I will try and prove that dividing institutions and ideologies into separate watertight compartments is not possible and when done becomes incoherent and arbitrary. Secondly, this division just seems to ignore some varieties of violence are while others are condemned. Finally, this paper will try to prove these two hypotheses and bring home the conclusion that, while religion has to an extent instigated violence, it has usually done so in alliance with secular, political and economic forces with a very ‘worldly’ end in mind.
Bi-Directional Converter with ZSPL Technology for Flywheel Energy Storage System
Authors: Vijayalakshmi P , . Ksathiya , Rajakumari M Jane Olivia
Published: February 2023

A bi-directional converter (BDC) is important in applications where energy storage devices are involved. Such applications include transportation, battery less UPS, Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) systems etc. Bi-directional power flow through buck and boost mode operation along with high power density and proficiency are significant requirements of such systems. This paper presents a new BDC topology using MOSFET with a novel control logic execution to attain zero switching losses through Zero Voltage Transition (ZVT) and Zero Current Transition (ZCT) techniques. The presented scheme assures Zero Switching Power Loss (ZSPL) for both buck and boost modes of operation of the BDC. The scheme is easy and achieves ZSPL during both turn-on and turn-off of the devices ensuing in improved efficiency and reduced EMI problems. The essential principle of operation, analysis, and design process are proposed for both buck and boost modes of operation. A design example is presented.
Biogas-an Alternative Fuel for Distributed Generation
Authors: Gupta1 Neha , Mahla Sunil Kumar
Published: February 2023

The electric energy sector is facing problems of fuel scarcity such as coal shortage, average losses of power transmission, distribution rise, insufficient or poor infrastructure and connectivity in distribution lines etc. Renewable energy sources are considered as clean sources of energy and when use optimally, these resources minimize environmental hazards, produce minimum secondary wastes and are sustainable based on future energy demands. Since Internal combustion engines are developed more than a century ago, IC engines are the most common of all distributed generation technologies. In this paper a review has been done on use of biogas as an alternative sustainable fuel to be used in internal combustion engine for distributed generation. The main objective of this paper is to investigate bio-gas generation, its properties, desired characteristics and factors affecting the biogas generation from organic wastes by the anaerobic digestion. The biogas primarily comprises of methane, which is used for combustion. Use of methane reduces harmful engine emissions, and keeps the environment clean. It is economical and slurry can be used as organic manure. The main aspect of stationary internal combustion engines for electrical generators use is for isolated farms and rural areas.
A Review on Re-Humanizing Talent Through Talent Management Practices
Authors: Mewafarosh Rekha
Published: February 2023

In today’s world where things are changing with fast pace and pressure is on business world companies to add new capabilities to their businesses. To be in arena, organizations need to reconsider their various practices and to take proactive approach talent management. People make up an organization. These individuals and their unique characteristics are human capital and can be identified as real assets and valuable resources. Talent management is the process of acquiring, optimizing and retaining the best talent by implementing processes and systems matched to the organization’s underlying business objectives. Talent management practices are found to be important for modern organizations because of several reasons diversity at workplace; new generations entering the workforce and cut throat competition. The need of an hour implies new ways of managing talent. Various companies adopt different approaches and practices towards managing talent like career planning, training and development etc. The paper is an attempt to investigate talent management practices and how companies should work with talent management in order to sustain in this challenging environment.
Colored Petri Net Based Techniques for Constructing Reliable Web Service Composition
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Mishra Vinod Kumar
Published: February 2023

In today's scenario, there are many web services around the web. This service has its own limited functionality. A single service can not satisfy the users' requests, so we need to combine these services in a set of services. Web service composition uses certain standard protocol to provide these services such as UDDI, SOAP, and WSDL. Reliability of composite web service which is an important aspect. The analysis of reliability in this scenario is not an easy task. In this paper we have proposed a model named Coloured Petri net based Reliability in Composite Web Service (CPN-RCWS). Using this model we compared the reliability under different state of recovery mechanism.
Optimal Site Selection and Efficiency for Solar PV Power Plant
Authors: Sharma Aditya , Singh Geeta
Published: February 2023

Solar energy is one form or another is the source of all energy on the earth. Humans, like all other animals and plants, rely on the sun for warmth and food. World widely peoples are also harness the sun's energy in many other different ways. For example, fossil fuels, plant matter from a past geological age, is used for transportation and electricity generation and is essentially just stored solar energy from millions of years ago. Similarly, biomass converts the sun's energy into a fuel, which can then be used for heat, transport or electricity. Wind energy is used for hundreds of years to provide mechanical energy or for transportation, uses air currents that are created by solar heated air and the rotation of the earth. Today wind turbines convert wind power into electricity as well as its traditional uses. Even hydroelectricity is derived from the sun. Hydropower depends on the evaporation of water by the sun, and its subsequent return to the Earth as rain to provide water in dams. Photovoltaics (often abbreviated as PV) is a simple and elegant method of harnessing the sun's energy. PV devices (solar cells) are unique in that they directly convert the incident solar radiation into electricity, with no noise, pollution or moving parts, making them robust, reliable and long lasting as well.
OTRA Based Half Wave Rectifier
Authors: Anurag Rashika , Pandey Neeta , Vijay Ritu
Published: February 2023

Precision rectifier finds application in a number of measurement and instrumentation systems. Earlier op-amps were used to implement precision rectifiers by connecting diodes in their feedback loops. Due to very high gain those circuits were capable of rectifying voltages even in millivolts. However in high frequency regions op-amps would not be a good choice because of their finite slew rates. The operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) can be used as an alternate active block for low voltage rectification in high frequency range. This paper presents an OTRA based half wave rectifier (HWR). Its operation is validated through SPICE simulation, wherein OTRA is implemented using current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) which is commercially available as AD844 IC. The simulation results are in conformation with the proposed theory.
Cement Industry and Strategies for Mitigating Carbon Emissions: An Overview
Authors: Ghosh Ahana , Manda Anubha
Published: February 2023

Cement is the largest mass manufactured man made product on earth. The demand for cement is on a continual rise, as more and more developing countries strive for better infrastructure. This demand has, however, entailed an unacceptable increase in the carbon emissions as the cement manufacturing industry is one of the most carbon releasing industries in the world; responsible for more than 5% of the global carbon emissions. The dangerously high levels of Carbon Dioxide have contributed to a large scale climate change which has global repercussions. The need of the hour is an effective yet inexpensive mechanism to trim down the carbon emissions from the cement factories. In this paper, the main industrial as well as the governmental strategies for alleviating the carbon emissions of the cement industry are reviewed, focusing on the carbon taxation for the latter. This review has observed a comprehensive literature in term of the peer reviewed journals, research papers, industry reports, authentic websites etc on the cement industry and the strategies to reduce the carbon emissions.
Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties of TIG Welded Joints of Similar and Dissimilar Grades of Stainless Steel Material
Authors: Lal Roop , Shuaib Mohd , Paliwal Vikal
Published: February 2023

This paper discuss and experimentally analyse the mechanical properties of TIG welded joints of similar and dissimilar grades of stainless steel and to find out the best joint. In this study. Different combinations from samples of AISI 304 and AISI 316 are welded under standard conditions by using Tungsten Inert Gas welding (TIG Welding) technique,.. The welded joints were tested for Tensile strength, Hardness and toughness and best combination is pointed out. The three combinations analysed were AISI 304-304, AISI 316-316 and AISI 304-316. It was found that the tensile strength and toughness of AISI 304-304 combination was highest and maximum hardness is observed in AISI 304-316 combination. The results indicate that there is not a single combination which excels in all tests.
Identifying and Analysing Keywords Relevant to the Concept of Smart City
Authors: Khan Urfi , Kumar Sanjay , Haleem Abid , Haleem Hammad
Published: February 2023

Researchers have defined ‘Smart City’ in many different ways, and its definition varies with and depends on the context. There is a need to define Smart City needs to properly framed. In this paper, ‘Smart City’ concept has been investigated. An extensive literature review conducted and definitions for Smart City are cited. Then the keywords of Smart City from these definitions and other research sources have been identified. Keywords are grouped into nine perspectives of smart city: Technology Perspective, Citizen Perspective, Infrastructure Perspective, Capability Perspective, Resources Perspective, Environment Perspective, Economy Perspective, Livability Perspective, and Sustainability Perspective. Keywords and views of Smart City have been further investigated using citations at Scopus. Based on a literature review, analysis of citation at Scopus and outcomes of brainstorming sessions during the idea engineering workshop, a new definition is developed and presented. Observed that the word Smart City is mostly documented in social sciences domain, which implies that idea of Smart City may be in the conceptual stage and extensive work is required to develop its success model.
Effect of Motivational Models on Secondary School Students Achievement in Physics in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State
Authors: Atsuwe B. A. , Adeniran S. A. , Kenneth D.
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to examine the Effect of motivational Models on Secondary School Students, Achievement in Physics in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue state. It explicitly focused on extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in relation to students’ performance in physics. A quasi-experimental research design was employed for the study, pre and post-Teacher Made Physics Achievement Test-TEMPAT was developed by the researcher and administered to a sample of 150 senior secondary school students in senior secondary class two (SS2). These students were drawn randomly from five different secondary schools in Makurdi Local Government of Benue State. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The data obtained were analyzed using t-test with a 0.05 level of significant, from the t-test analysis the results all showed a p-value of 0.0001, since the p-value is far lesser than the level of significant (p-value0.05), it revealed that the performance of students taught using intrinsic and extrinsic motivation was far better than those taught without any motivation. The results also indicated that there is no significant difference between the performance of male students to that of the female students, since both p-values (0.91 and 0.86) for intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are greater than the level of significant (p-values>0.05). As a result of this, the study recommends that physics lessons at secondary school level should be well planned in a creative way that motivational techniques such as praise, rewards, classroom activities, goal setting skills are use in delivering the lessons and that Government, school administrators and parents should ensure that competitions among students and guidance and counselling programs are encouraged, as it increases motivation of students.
The Novelistic Art of An IAS in India
Authors: Narain Prakash
Published: February 2023

Upamanyu Chatterjee (born in 1959) is an Indian Administrative Servant who currently serves as Joint Secretary to Government of India on the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board. He is a 1983 batch I.A.S from Maharashtra Cadre. He is a published author and best known for his novel ‘English August’ also adapted into a film of the same title. His literary taste is so amazing and appreciating that he could write many realistic novels with his hard and busy duty of an administrative official. It’s another matter that Upamanyu Chatterjee is a novelist of a disillusioned age. He is by his education and heritage, a misfit in the modern world. He had a profound sense of his age. Being an administrative officer Upamanyu Chatterjee digs deep into the root of the Indian administrative system realistically He is pre-eminently concerned with urban life. Though the places in his novels are the tiny cities and villages, but he portrays the features of big cities realistically. His novels are of streets, houses and people and not of the woods, fields and flowers. We are much impressed by his characters and their gross selfishness and sensuality. The novels of Chatterjee are pervaded by symbolism such as dissmelled steak in passage ways, of stale beer, of cocktails and cigarettes, of dusty paper flowers, of females in shuttered. These things altogether show the inevitable gloom as well as the realistic, if not naturalistic picture of a metro city, Delhi, quite apart and away from the life of Madna, the life of insanity and boredom. In a way, he exposes the reality of his contemporary society and politics as well with his own vision that’s his realism and for this purpose,he employs symbolism to express the bitter things indirectly. My research paper has attempted to focus on his novelistic art of the above mentioned I.A.S.
Development of Efficient and Secure Image Transposal Algorithm using 16 *16 Truncation Table
Authors: Bhandari Vijay , Tamarkar Sitendra , Shukla Piyush
Published: February 2023

In later a long time, different mystery sharing plans for computerized pictures have been created in arrange to advance statement security. Past strategies in the writing have made endeavours efforts endeavours to accomplish the merits properties for a great mystery picture transposing such as execute (k,n) limit, basic recuperation, no pixel development, the produced covert pictureare important, the arrange of pictures is elective and lossless recuperation of the mystery image. To the leading of our information, no past mystery sharing scheme accomplishes all the over properties with great quality of important pictures. In this paper, we proposed puzzle picture montages based on data stowing away hypothesis to make strides the quality of important pictures with lower computation and great expansibility. In the light of, the proposed plans have the important points of lossless and elective arrange recuperation and no pixel development expansion extension development. This is observing with past advance appear the execution of the planned conspires. The calculations displayed permit distinctive aligned of protection for the data covered up in the covering-document.
Optimization of Two-Stage Cascade Refrigeration Systems Using Hfo Refrigerants in The High-Temperature Circuit and Hfc-134a in Low-Temperature Circuit
Authors: Mishra Radhey Shyam
Published: February 2023

The eco-friendly refrigeration technologies which are receiving more and more attention in the days by day of for solving energy and environmental problems. In this paper, it is suggested to phase out presently most used refrigerant R-134a considering global warming and to use natural refrigerants such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydro carbons in two stage cascade vapour compression refrigeration system for sustainable environment. Thermal model was developed for single stage and also two stage cascade refrigeration systems using HFO-1234yf for low temperature applications in the range of 100°C to -51.5°C and HFO-1234ze for high temperature applications in the range of 100°C to -30.5°C. Numerical computation was carried out by using R1234ze in the temperature range of 60°Cto -30°Cin the high temperature circuit and R1234yf in the range of 20°Cto -50°Cfor low temperature range. The developed model can also predicts the thermal performances of using nine eco-friendly refrigerants in low temperature circuit and R1234ze n low temperature applications. The ecofriendly refrigerants HFO can replace R134a without minor modifications. However up to temperature -50°Cin the low temperature evaporator circuit with temperature overlapping (Approach=10oC) and condenser temperature of 55°Cwith cascade evaporator temperature of 0°C , the combination of R1234ze in high temperature circuit and R1234yf in low temperature circuit gives best results for replacing R134a and for -100°Cof low temperature evaporator circuit and 55°Cof high temperature condenser and -30°C cascade evaporator with temperature overlapping (Approach=10oC) the combination of R1234ze – and R245fa gives better thermodynamic performances as compared to R-1234yf and R245fa. The optimum values for system-6 (using R1234ze in high temperature circuit and HFC-134a in low temperature circuit , the optimum second law efficiency (exergetic efficiency) obtained at low temperature evaporator is at -78°Cto -80°Crespectively and no optimum was found using HFO-1234yf in high temperature circuit and HFC-134a in low temperature circuit.
An effect on the pressure and fluid film thickness of the worn journal bearing system using JFO cavity model
Authors: Singh Harpuneet , Awasthi R. K. , singh Jasjeevan
Published: February 2023

The present study is basically concerned with the wear which occurs due to frequent start / stop operation as well as due to running-in operation as these operations are very usual and the wear from these operations is commonly observed in fluid-film journal bearing system. In order to model the worn journal bearing geometry, the current study considers the geometry of the worn smooth surface based on the Dufrane model, which assumes that the footprint created by the journal on the bearing is symmetrical at the bottom of the bearing and the wear pattern is uniform along the axial length of the bearing. In order to compute the fluid film pressure for fluid film journal bearing system the two dimensional Reynolds is solved numerically using FDM. The code developed is validated for its accuracy by comparing the results with already published results. Effect of wear on performance parameters (maximum pressure and minimum fluid thickness) of journal bearing are calculated.
A Review on Solar Air Heater using Various Roughness Geometries on Roughened Duct to Increase Heat Transfer Coefficient and Friction Characteristics
Authors: Singh Jasjeevan , Singh Harpuneet
Published: February 2023

Heat transfer coefficient between absorber surface of collector and fluid i.e. air can be improved by providing artificial roughness on the absorber surface. In this way the Thermal efficiency is increased. Due to roughness geometry pumping power of solar collector is increased due to friction losses in the duct. So, it is necessary to take into account size, shape and flow pattern of various roughness elements to increase maximum efficiency with minimum frictional losses. Various artificial roughness geometries have been reported in the literature by investigators, for determining the effect of various roughness geometries on heat transfer enhancement and friction characteristics in roughened duct of solar air heater. Reviews of various studies are presented in this study.
Managing Students’ Attitude towards Physics through Problem Solving Instructional Strategy: A Study Caried Out in Senior Secondary Schools in Makurdi Metropolis
Authors: Atsuwe B. A. , Mbalaha S. Z. , M. M. Binang
Published: February 2023

The study was designed to further clarify the claims by several authors that methods of instruction could change students’ attitude towards physics. It was the belief of the author that if students’ were allowed to develop higher cognitive processes through problem-solving instructional strategy, their attitude towards physics might change. The topic of the study is managing student’s attitude towards physics through problem-solving instructional strategy. The area of the study is all senior secondary schools in Makurdi metropolis of Benue State. 210 students were randomly selected from six (6) secondary schools in Makurdi for the study. A quasi-experimental research design was used for the study. Two groups were developed for the study, an experimental group and a control group. Problem-solving strategies were used with the experimental group, while the control group was instructed using traditional teaching methods. The data collected was analyzed using frequency, simple percentage, mean, standard deviation and ANOVA while t-test was used to test the research hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The findings indicated that students in the experimental group made more positive improvement in attitude towards physics than the control group, those in the PST group showed more positive attitude towards the learning of physics followed by those in the SLT group and a poor attitude scale was observed in the control group.If problem-solving instructional strategy could draw many students to offering of physics in secondary schools in Makurdi metropolis, it would be necessary for physics teachers to adopt this method so as to solve the problem of many students withdrawing from physics course at the secondary school level. This method can also be adopted and be more efficient in other country especially those having the same educational system like Nigeria.
Islamic Finance: Factors Influencing the Perception of Muslim Individuals in Perth
Authors: Javaid Rehman
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the perception of Muslim individuals about Islamic banking and Finance. A structured close-ended questionnaire was adopted to investigate the perception of the 300 Muslim individuals from the different suburbs of Perth. Regression analysis is used to test the impact of Islamic knowledge, financial concepts and service quality on customers’ perception toward Islamic banking. The findings of the study suggest that Religious inclination, understanding of Islamic financial concepts and brand image and quality has a significant impact on the respondent’s perception. In addition, it is found that there is high potential for Islamic banking and finance in Perth sue to increasing Muslim population. These findings can be helpful for Australian Islamic Financial Institutions to target their potential market in Perth.
Effect of Pre-Planning in High Rise Building for Time Management
Authors: Mundaware Akash D. , Dwivedi Arunkumar , Ambre Harshita
Published: February 2023

In India the Construction industry is one the most integral industry and it also forms a vital role in contributing to the economy growth of the country. People of wide range ranging from skilled, unskilled to semi-skilled are provided employment by this industry as this industry is very labor intensive .Despite this there has been many reported accidents, ill health problems and damage cause to the Environment during the execution phases of the construction works. Knowledge however for the management plan for the health, safety. And the Environment Management Plan is limited in the Industry. The aim of the study is therefore aimed at finding the plans to be followed in real life at the sites, to find and analyze the deficiencies and also to suggest ways to mitigate them in the context of the Indian Industry. While meeting the objective of the study for my case study two metro projects were studied one the Delhi metro project and the other one being the Mumbai Metro project. Both the projects were studied for their environment management plans which is being followed and the mitigation methods adapted by the authorities. The study aims at going through the literature reviews and to understand and see that whether the facts mentioned are being followed at the site and what are the things which is being lacked.
Arduino based Agriculture Weather Monitoring and Security System using GPRSL
Authors: Kohila R. , Raja K.
Published: February 2023

Smart farming is a way to do agriculture by precisely managing the inputs based on variation of field parameters in order to achieve optimized outputs at minimum disturbances to the environment. It is well known that climate is one of the most imperative field parameters that determine plant growth and its output. This is because each plant is susceptible to certain growing conditions such as air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature, wind and light, etc. Therefore, it is vital for farmers to understand these climatic conditions of their farms. Many of the problems in managing farms to maximize productions while achieving environmental goals can be solved with appropriate information collected from the weather stations. Weather stations help to understand the interactive influence of climate and management factors on crop yield. The use of real-time weather monitoring system is one of the most effective ways to equip farmers with timely climatic information and knowledge for better crop management.
Analysis of 6T SRAM Cell in Different Technologies
Authors: Jain Prithu , Bansal Shalabh , Khanna Vandana
Published: February 2023

An important component of embedded cache memory of handheld digital devices is Static Random Access Memory (SRAM). It has become major data storage device due to its large storage density and less access time. The demand of low voltage low power SRAM has been raised by the exponential growth of low power digital devices. At low voltage operation of any device, the noise margin is another parameter that needs attention. This paper gives the design and implementation of 6T SRAM cell in 180nm and 90nm standard CMOS process technology. The simulation has been performed in Cadence Virtuoso environment. The performance analysis of SRAM cell has been evaluated in terms of Static Noise Margin (SNM).
Performance Evaluation of Wick Cooled Condenser in Vapor Compression Refrigeration System
Authors: Singhal Ashu , Hans Sagar , Jain Vaibhav
Published: February 2023

Presently, the reduction in energy consumed by an air conditioner working on a vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a major issue. Application of evaporative cooling on a small-scale refrigeration and air conditioning system is limited due to its larger size and economy. In the present work, porous wick cloth is used on the condenser tube which is combined with direct evaporative cooling. Evaporation of fluid entrapped in the pore of wick cloth increase the heat transfer rate. The effect of evaporative cooling of the condenser on the performance of the air conditioner is experimentally investigated. The result shows about 32.4% enhancement in COP with a maximum ambient temperature of 35°C and 10-11% reduction in energy consumption and relative humidity about 21-26%. Refrigeration effect increased up to 30.6% with respect to the water cool condenser.
Review on Malnutrition: Impact and Prevention
Authors: Bharaniidharan J. , Reshmi S. K.
Published: February 2023

The Malnutrition has been related with deficiency, poor diet and inadequate access to health care, and it remains as universal health issue that contributes to ill-health with 50 % of childhood deaths due to underlying malnutrition. Bio fortification, probiotic foods and food process methods have shown the potential to beat the deficiency disease. A recently developed home primarily based treatment for severe acute deficiency disease is convalescent the lives of many thousands of kids a year. Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) has modified radically the treatment of severe deficiency disease – providing foods that ar safe to use reception and guarantee fast weight gain in severely malnourished youngsters. This review of the literature throws lightweight on the causes of deficiency disease, prevalence, risk, and a few necessary methods like bio fortification, therapeutic diets, prebiotic foods to beat deficiency disease.
Iot Based Home Security System with Live Streaming
Authors: Goel Sonia , Prusty Anindya Gopal , Bhasin Pulkit , Kashyap Abhishek
Published: February 2023

The idea behind IoT is that, setting up of an ideal connection between the real world and the internet world, through some source. The fact that the brain or the internet has got humongous amount of information stored on it, if we could have a real time access to it, various technologies that can revolutionize our life can be developed. So, keeping this thought in mind, it is a great idea to make a device which can be controlled and monitored from anywhere. Though, security systems are already available, but they are expensive. Keeping this thought in mind, we decided to build one security system using Raspberry Pi, PIR sensor and a PI camera. This IoT based security system will not only alert the authorized person through e-mail, but also send a picture a picture of the intruder, when it detects any. The Raspberry Pi controls the whole system. This cheaper security system is easy to operate and install, and it can be installed at the main door of your home or your office. The authorized person can monitor the ongoing activity from anywhere in the world using your Email over the Internet. Along with this, using the IP address, and MJPG streamer; we can stream the video online anytime anywhere.