bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migration Reform in the UK to Attract Highly Qualified Workers
Authors: Egorova E. N. , Neshchadina N. D.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of migration reform in the UK during the first years after its exit from the European Union (20202021). Changing immigration rules and procedures became a difficult task for the UK, as it required British lawmakers pay simultaneous attention both to the needs of the country's internal labor market and to the close economic and social ties between the country and other EU member states. After Brexit, the new immigration policy was built on the principle “people before passports”, which was supposed to abolish unconditional privileges for EU citizens, implement a selective approach to labor migrants and create convenient and transparent conditions of entry to the territory of the UK for citizens of any state interested in education, highly qualified labor activity or business development. The author examines how this principle has been put into practice and assesses the effectiveness of the new immigration rules for the UK in 2022-2024. The article analyzes the country's domestic legislation and statistical data.

Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes in the field of international and European law: the method of system-structural analysis; the method of synthesis of socio-legal phenomena; comparative-legal method; formal-logical method; statistical method.

Results of the research. The analysis revealed that after the reform immigration policy of the UK has become more practical, as it has allowed to attract highly qualified specialists, talented students and promising entrepreneurs to the territory of the country regardless of the country of their citizenship. Using a wide range of tools (such as an extensive visa system and an electronic platform for selecting candidates for visas), the updated migration policy of the UK aims to regulate migration flows with the maximum benefit for the country and increased opportunities for fulfilling the professional potential of foreign labor migrants.

Discussion and conclusion. The article substantiates the application of new tools for regulating external migration in the UK; analyzes their main advantages and disadvantages.
International Legal Concept and Basics of Readmission
Authors: Yastrebova A. Yu.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The concept of readmission, as a prevention tool regarding irregular migration, links with the interstate cooperation aimed to terminate the stay of foreigners who entered and/or reside in violation of the current legal regulations for immigration. The receiving party also extends the validity of the readmission agreements to the nationals of third countries who came from the territory of requested state. The list of grounds established in international law, basically cancelling readmission, connected with the content of universal and regional standards of human rights and represented the international legal obligations of states, is of particular importance.

Materials and methods. As for the materials, the legal acts and a number of Russian and foreign scientific papers, where readmission has been studying, are presented. Methodological foundations are provided with scientific method of analysis and synthesis, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods.

Research results. International legal institution of readmission presupposes the mutual obligations of states to identify personality and to establish a nationality of irregular migrants, to submit the relevant documents, to send a request, to keep people in a designated place, to take back nationals and persons who have permanent residence or carried out transit on the territory of participating states. The bilateral model agreements readmission are becoming more widespread for the moment. It seems that adoption of international regional treaty on readmission at the CIS level would promote unification of its legal definition and procedures, because model legislation has already developed.

Discussion and conclusion. The Russian Federation actively participates in the expansion of bilateral agreements on readmission with both the CIS states and European and Asian countries. At the same time, the procedure for implementing readmission has been enshrined in Russian immigration legislation. The effectiveness of readmission, as a legal means of preventing irregular migration, relates to realization of joint regional programs of the states aimed to provide conditions, which allow them to control entry, stay, departure, transit and purposes of the presence of foreigners on the territory of receiving state.
Factors Influencing the Formation of the Modern Criminal Law Policy of the Russian Federation in the Field of Taxation
Authors: Moiseenko M. A. , Korotkova O. V.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The article attempts to determine the factors that influenced the decriminalization of modern criminal law policy in taxation and its degree of influence on the state of tax discipline and tax security in general. The article analyzes the impact of changes in criminal legislation, the need for which was indicated in the Messages of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly in 2023 and 2024 on the financial security of the state in two aspects: 1) the hierarchical relationship between criminal policy and criminal policy in taxation; 2) the relationship between criminal policy in taxation and fiscal policy. Particular attention is paid to the impact of changes in certain norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on tax crimes in the direction of decriminalization of legislation on tax crime indicators.

Materials and methods. When writing the article, general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, logical method) and private legal methods (legal modeling, legal forecasting, legal statistics) were used.

Research results. Analysis of recent changes in criminal legislation made it possible to clarify the significance of current criminal legal policy in the tax sphere, as well as in the structure of national security and financial stability of the state.

Discussion and conclusion. Criminal legal policy in taxation is a dynamic phenomenon based on: 1) the organic application of the “criminalization decriminalization” approach in combination with other coercive measures provided for by tax and administrative legislation; 2) identifying the causes

and patterns underlying criminal acts. Tax security, ensured by effective tax control and enforcement in the tax sphere, makes it possible to mitigate criminal legal policies in taxation. The main factors influencing criminal tax policy include the parameters of budget and tax policy, the efficiency of tax administration, including digitalization.The article analyzes the hierarchical relationship between the concepts of "criminal policy" "criminal policy in the field of ensuring national security" – "criminal policy in the field of ensuring economic security" – "criminal policy in ensuring financial security" – "criminal policy in the financial and budgetary sphere" "criminal policy in taxation". The factors that influenced the decriminalization of criminal law policy in taxation, such as the parameters and directions of budget and tax policy, the level of tax administration, have been identified.
Problems of developing a market for space commercial services: Small upper stages
Authors: RYZHIKOVA Tamara N. , SHCHEGLOV Georgii A.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article considers the formation of the space logistics ecosystem.
Objectives. The aim is to describe the ways of developing the rocket and space technology, searching and attracting funds from private investors for the space logistics ecosystem and the commercial segment of space services.
Methods. To explore the process of space logistics system formation, we use the structural analysis of segments and conditions of use, which are the necessary basis for the study. The analysis of the small upper stage market rests on in-depth analysis of various approaches used in the economy of space activities.
Results. The paper offers an approach to substantiating the use of small upper stages in the space logistics ecosystem, highlights prospects for this technology development, proposes approaches to ensure the consistency of the process of evaluating and analyzing the small upper stage market segments to solve various problems. We proved that the segments of the space logistics ecosystem determine the main trends in the development of commercial space technologies, therefore, affect the demand for particular technology.
Conclusions. Services provided by small upper stages can be divided into two groups: with short and prolonged life cycles. The costs of such services may be taken into account depending on the product life cycle.
Integral analysis of the firm's sustainable development
Authors: PETROV Sergei V.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The relevance of the article is explained by the need for an objective diagnosis of the company's sustainable development. Currently, there is no single mechanism for assessing the socio-ecological and economic state of a business, which leads to many different interpretations of the company's effectiveness, introduces uncertainty into the process of analyzing investment attractiveness.
Objectives. The study aims at building analytical tools that meet the needs of all parties interested in company's activities.
Methods. The study employs review-analytical and comparative techniques of information processing, methods of coupling and decoupling.
Results. The paper substantiates the necessity of applying an approach based on decoupling and coupling. It reveals the importance of discrimination coefficients and transparency. I built an integrated system for analyzing the socio-environmental and economic data of the company, developed a methodology to assess the sustainable development of the company.
Conclusions. It is essential to have a strict fixation of non-financial metrics of the company for transparent and objective consideration of private and public interests arising during the functioning of the business unit.
Cluster approach to the grain industry development
Authors: PROSKURA Dmitrii V. , NECHAEVA Marina L. , KUTAEVA Tat'yana N. , KUTAEV Andrei A.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article investigates the grain industry development through the cluster analysis, using the case of municipalities of the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.
Objectives. The purpose is to assess the resource potential of the grain industry development based on the factorial and correlation analysis of the main components affecting the agricultural production of cereals; to study the interaction of agricultural organizations by applying the cluster approach to placement and specialization of agricultural production.
Methods. The study draws on general scientific (analysis and synthesis, formalization, analogy and comparison) and special (statistical, correlation analysis, cluster analysis) methods.
Results. We analyzed the statistical data on grain crops production of municipalities of the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, performed a cluster analysis. Its procedure included the formation of a database for clustering sample, selection of a measure of proximity (metric) between the sample members, and calculation of its values, the process of cluster formation, listing of results based on the formed clusters, and evaluation of resulting indicators of grain production.
Conclusions. The study shows the effectiveness of multidimensional quantitative analysis. The findings helped identify certain patterns of the grain industry development, which have been verified in dynamics over the past five years.
Financial aspects of the Russian textile industry growth
Authors: PASHTOVA Lelya G. , ZHIDELEV Nikita A. , LIKHOPOI Aleksandra O.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article addresses the economic activity of textile industry enterprises in Russia.
Objectives. The study aims to determine financial characteristics of the main growth factors of the textile industry and directions of the industry development in the field of industrial production in Russia.
Methods. We applied general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, such as systems, functional-structural, and financial analyses.
Results. We performed the analysis of financial indicators of textile industry enterprises to consider internal growth opportunities of the innovative development of the industry, investigated the main problems of the textile industry, substantiated recommendations for further development of the industry in Russia.
Conclusions. The main objectives of State support for textile industry enterprises should include providing the necessary financing for new industries development, reducing the tax pressure on enterprises engaged in export of products, developing import substitution programs, and supporting innovative development.
Analysis of innovation activity in Russia
Authors: TREGUB Ilona V. , SABITOV Bakhtinur Sh.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article addresses the innovation activity as a key factor in achieving sustainable economic growth in the long term.
Objectives. The aim is to build a model of innovation activity in Russia, to hold necessary tests to verify the constructed model for adequacy and suitability for further forecasting.
Methods. The statistical data for the study were taken from the official website of Rosstat and cover the period 2012–2022. The aggregate volume of goods and services was chosen as the projected indicator. Special software (Gretl) was used to process statistical data, and the least squares method was used to calculate the econometric model.
Results. We obtained the final regression formula. On its basis, we identified exact multi-digit values of the relationship between the dependent variable and regressors. The heteroscedasticity revealed in the initial model was eliminated using the weighted least squares method. The paper established that an increase in each of the external variables leads to a significant increase in the predicted indicator.
Conclusions. Using tests, it was found that the resulting model is suitable for forecasting. The quantitative relationships between variables identified in the model will be useful in subsequent research in this area.
Key indicators of economic risks of a commercial bank
Authors: SEREBRYAKOVA Tat'yana Yu. , KITAEVA Zhanna S.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article addresses the banking sector’s risks in connection with the current economic situation. The topic is relevant because the banking sector that includes top-tier banks is largely focused on the inflow of foreign capital, and the imposed sanctions affect both the access of Russian banks to international financial markets to place funds and the opportunities to attract foreign capital, which complicates capitalization, resource provision, and funding.
Objectives. The study aims to examine the impact of the sanctions policy of unfriendly countries on resource supply, financial ratios, and effectiveness of applied measures to counter external threats.
Methods. The study rests on methods of economic analysis and comparison. The study subject was PAO VTB Bank.
Results. The imposed sanctions significantly limit the ability to increase capital through external sources, have a negative impact on capitalization. This significantly reduced the financial ratios and the bank's performance in 2022. The adaptation is aimed at changing the methods of evaluating key indicators by the regulator, attracting domestic resources, changing deposit policy, and diversifying activities.
Conclusions. Without government support, banks that are actively involved in foreign markets’ activities would not have coped with the sanctions pressure. Currently, the risks remain, but they are in controlled values.
Analysis of Russia's financial potential under the pressure of sanctions
Authors: SMIRNOV alerii V.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article investigates Russia's financial potential under the pressure of sanctions.
Objectives. The aim is to define the characteristics of Russia’s finance potential under the pressure of sanctions.
Methods. The study employs methods of data analysis and synthesis, economic and mathematical methods, in particular, correlation and regression analysis. It also applies the graphical method of presenting the obtained scientific results.
Results. The study identified a significant amount of intraday loans provided by the Bank of Russia to maintain the efficiency of credit institutions, revealed the dependence of credit portfolio parameters of credit institutions on the volume of customer funds, as well as the correlation of the value of "liabilities – funds of banks" with the number of purchased federal loan bonds.
Conclusions. The revealed financial potential of Russia under the pressure of sanctions will enable financial authorities to eliminate the discrepancy between the maximum values of the net position on direct investments and its growth rates, reduce the time lag from the maximum growth rates of the foreign trade balance and its maximum values, and support the non-financial sector and households in attempts to reduce the debt burden.
Dynamics of the financial sector structure: Long-term trends and current challenges
Authors: KRINICHANSKII Konstantin V.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article addresses the dynamics of the largest economies’ financial sector structure in terms of long-term trends and current challenges.
Objectives. The aim is to identify patterns of changes in the financial sector structure that are common to developed economies, and to trace what imbalances threaten the financial sector at present.
Methods. The study rests on the methods for analyzing the structure of the financial sector. The main indicators are based on the indicator of assets of financial intermediaries, and the indicator of the volume of debt markets (loans, bonds) and stock markets. Furthermore, the elements of comparative cross-country analysis are used.
Results. The paper reveals the main trends in the analysis of the structure of financial sectors of the eurozone countries and the United States, and some trends related to the Japanese economy. It shows that changes in the structure of the USA financial sector began with financial liberalization in the 1980s, and led to a radical reduction in the share of credit institutions in the assets of financial intermediaries. In Europe, this process was delayed for about 20 years, but has not yet led to the same changes as in the United States.
Conclusions. The findings can be used by the Bank of Russia in designing a financial market development strategy aimed at a balanced structure that meets the modern economy requirements.
Digital transformation of the Russian banking sector: Opportunities and risks
Authors: SEMENOVA Nadezhda N.
Published: August 2024

Subject. The article investigates the process of digital transformation of the Russian banking sector.
Objectives. The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of digital transformation of the Russian banking sector.
Methods. The study draws on traditional methods of scientific knowledge (analysis and synthesis, analogy, generalization, combination of historical and logical, etc.). To determine the current state of digital transformation in the Russian banking sector, I used the analytical materials from KMDA, digital audit agency SDI360, and National Agency for Financial Studies.
Results. The study revealed the essence of the category “digital transformation of banks” and substantiated potential opportunities and risks of digital transformation of the Russian banking sector. I reviewed and analyzed current trends in the development of digitalization processes in the Russian banking sector, considered positions of leading Russian banks in the ranking, according to the level of business digitalization.
Conclusions. The banking sector is a leader in implementing digital transformation, and the use of digital innovative technologies is a dominant trend. The findings will enable to improve the efficiency of digital transformation of banks’ business models, and, as a result, the competitiveness of credit institutions in the market.
Financial capacity of the Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: August 2024

Subject. This article characterizes the financial potential of the Russian economy.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the financial potential to stimulate economic growth.
Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, correlation and regression analysis, and the graphical method.
Results. The article finds a decrease in the requirements of the Central Bank to credit institutions and an increase in the requirements of credit institutions to the Central Bank. The study shows an increase in the trade balance and a decrease in debt securities owned by Russian banks transferred under repo transactions with the Bank of Russia. The article also finds that the growth of the broad money-base monetary differential (broadly defined) (“other foreign currency deposits” plus “debt securities”) relies on non-financial sector debt. Moreover, the growth in the debt of households and non-profit organizations serving households exceeds the rate of increase in the volume of the federal loan bond market, and the growth in the volume of shares of non-financial organizations exceeds the growth in the volume of shares of credit organizations.
Conclusions. The financial potential due to a structural liquidity surplus, the dominance of State and municipal debt securities in the ownership of Russian banks, and a significant increase in the debt of the non-financial sector indicates the possibilities of stimulating the growth of the Russian economy through federal loan bonds.
«Gegen Reinhold bist Du ein Verächter Kants ...» - Friedrich Schiller unter dem kantischen Einfluss Karl Leonhard Reinholds
Authors: Bondeli Martin
Published: August 2024

Friedrich Schiller ist bei seiner Kant-Rezeption nicht nur von seinem Dresdener Freund Christian Gottfried Körner unterstützt worden. Auch auf kompetente Belehrungen und Anregungen seitens des Jenaer Philosophieprofessors Karl Leonhard Reinhold konnte er stets zählen. Reinhold führt ihn ab 1787 an kantische Schriften heran und konfrontiert ihn mit illuminatischen Geschichts- und Aufklärungsideen. Nach dem Antritt seiner Professur steht Schiller unter dem Einfluss des praktischen Teils von Reinholds System der Elementarphilosophie. So verdanken Schillers kantisch-ästhetische Reflexionen der frühen 1790er-Jahre ihr thematisches Grundprofil maßgeblich einer dialogischen Auseinandersetzung mit Lehrstücken des Philosophenkollegen zum ästhetischen Vergnügen, zu den menschlichen Grundtrieben, zur Freiheit des Willens sowie zur Idee moralischer Gemeinschaft.
Pharmacological Evaluation of Daidzein-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Gel for Anti-inflammatory Effect in Experimental Animals
Authors: Chourasia Amrita , Lodhi Santram
Published: August 2024

Daidzein (4′,7-dihydroxylisoflavone) is one of the major isoflavone present in various Leguminosae plant including Soybeans in higher percentage. Daidzein has been reported by various researchers for wide application in management of inflammatory diseases. The objective of present research work was to evaluate Daidzein loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (DAID–SLNs) gel for anti-inflammatory effectiveness in both acute and chronic inflammatory models, such as rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and granuloma induced by cotton pellets. Anti-inflammatory effects were observed by measurement of paw edema at different time interval, level of pro-inflammatory markers, granuloma weight and histological study of granuloma tissue. Results of the study were showed Daidzein loaded SLNs gel was gradually increases up to 180 min with increase in percent inhibition of edema. DAID–SLNs gel was showed significant (P<0.05) effects in chronic inflammatory tests with reduced cotton pellet-induced granuloma weight in comparison to control group and was comparable to market formulation Voltaren Emulgel. The anti-inflammatory effect was supported by significant (P<0.05) attenuation of TNF-α (44.20±1.55), IL-6 (35.28±2.04), and PGE2 (48.24±2.54) in comparison to the control group. In addition, effect was supported by histological observation with many blood vessels that are growing and fewer acute inflammatory cells and lymphocytes. In conclusion, anti-inflammatory effect of Daidzein was observed by decreasing the exudate, granuloma weight, and inflammatory markers. The possible mechanisms could be the inhibitory effect on prostaglandins biosynthesis and expression of the inflammatory cytokines.
In-vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential of Polysaccharide from Tridax procumbens L.
Authors: Ingole Varsharani V , Mhaske Pravin C , Katade Sushma R
Published: August 2024

Cancer ranks among the primary causes of death on a global level. Natural products are crucial for both cancer therapy and treatment. Traditionally, Tridax procumbens has been used to cure wound infections. The present study investigates the isolation, identification, in-vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of isolated polysaccharides from T. procumbens L. The polysaccharide (4-deoxy-5-α-D-Rhamnonic acid (1→2) β-D-fructofuranosyl (2→1)-β-D-fructofuranosyl (2→1)-2-D-fructofuranoside) was identified using modern NMR spectroscopic techniques. In-vitro anticancer activity was assessed against MDA-MB-249 and MCF-7 using an MTT assay. The IC50 value for polysaccharide was found to be 5.06 μg/mL against MCF-7 and that of MDA MB 249 cell lines 15.68 μg/mL. The statistical analysis indicated significance at P < 0.05. The polysaccharide showed effective antibacterial activity at MIC 15.5 µg/mL against bacteria S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The DPPH antioxidant potential of the polysaccharide was found to be outstanding, with an IC50 value of 1.01 µg/mL. It showed statistical significance at P<0.05. Therefore, the findings reveal that polysaccharides could be used as therapeutic drugs to develop anticancer and antibacterial agents from T. procumbens L.
Vício em pornografia
Authors: Feijó Daniel Proença , Fraga Diego
Published: August 2024

Um hábito que parece inofensivo tem causado muitos problemas a diversas pessoas em todo mundo. O vício em pornografia está se tornando cada vez mais comum em homens e mulheres e trazendo diversas perdas a vida social dos indivíduos. Alguns dos problemas causados por este vício são dificuldade de relacionamentos sérios e duradouros, impacto na performance sexual, busca constante pelo prazer imediato, problemas de memória e disciplina, problemas com as relações sociais. Para falar sobre este assunto, o ABP TV de terça-feira recebe os psiquiatras Daniel Proença Feijó e Diego Fraga.
Apresentação: Lucas Veloso
Transmissão ao vivo: RecPlay Produtora
Produção: Departamento de Comunicação da ABP
Realização: Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP
Aplikasi Pedagang Keliling Menggunakan Teknologi Geolocation dan Cloud Messaging
Authors: Setiawan Eko Budi , Tubagus Gumilar Ginanjar , Setiyadi Angga
Published: August 2024

Teknologi dan internet telah mengubah cara berbisnis, mulai dari proses pencarian ide bisnis hingga cara bertransaksi. Pedagang keliling saat ini justru mengalami kesulitan mendapatkan pelanggan atau pembeli karena persaingan dengan penyedia jasa pemesanan makanan secara online. Pembeli juga terkadang kesulitan mencari pedagang keliling yang dikehendaki karena tidak mengetahui lokasi pedagang keliling yang menjual jajanan yang sesuai keinginannya. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk memudahkan interaksi antara pedagang keliling dan pembeli. Metode yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan software development life cycle. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi responsive mobile web yang dapat diakses dengan mudah menggunakan web browser dan internet di ponsel apapun tanpa adanya persyaratan teknologi minimum. Teknologi geolocation pada penelitian ini diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan Mapbox sehingga dapat diketahui lokasi realtime dari pedagang keliling serta lokasi pembeli. Fitur notifikasi menggunakan Firebase Cloud Messaging sehingga dapat memberikan informasi ketika jarak dari pedagang keliling berada tidak jauh dari lokasi pembeli. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa fitur prediksi cuaca ketika berjualan keliling mendapatkan hasil akurasi yang tinggi sebesar 90% serta 89,5% pengguna menyetujui bahwa penerapan hasil penelitian ini dapat mempermudah pertemuan antara pedagang keliling dengan pembeli sehingga meningkatkan transaksi penjualan.
 
Abstract
 
Technology and the internet have changed the way business is done, from the process of searching for business ideas to the way transactions are carried out. Traveling merchants are having difficulty attracting customers due to competition from online food ordering applications. Buyers also find it difficult to find traveling merchants, because they don't know the location of the traveling merchants who sell the snacks they want. This research aims to facilitate interaction between Traveling merchants and buyers in carrying out transactions. The method used is using an agile software development approach. This research produces a responsive web application that can be accessed easily using a web browser and the internet on any cellphone without any minimum technology requirements. The geolocation technology in this research is implemented using Mapbox so that the real-time location of the traveling merchants and the location of the buyer can be known. The notification feature uses Firebase Cloud Messaging so it can provide information when the traveling merchants is not far from the buyer's location. Based on the test results, it was found that the weather prediction feature when selling around got high accuracy results of 90% and 89.5% of users agreed that the application of the results of this research could facilitate meetings between traveling sellers and buyers thereby increasing sales transactions.
Cooperative Learning Group Pedagogy as Teaching Strategy to Enhance Grapho-phonics Knowledge in a Grade 1 African Home Language Class
Authors: Ngema Millicent , Phala Thembi
Published: August 2024

Using a cooperative learning strategy is the best practice in enhancing the teaching of grapho-phonics knowledge in the Foundation Phase. This study aimed to explore how Grade 1 teachers applied cooperative learning groups (CLGs) to enhance the teaching of grapho-phonics knowledge in their classrooms. Without mastering grapho-phonics, decoding words and reading with comprehension cannot take place. This study was framed by the Social Constructivism theory, which asserts that all learning takes place in a social setting and that learners learn from one another and from adults. An exploratory case study research design was used to generate qualitative data. Semi-structured interviews and observations were conducted with three Grade 1 teachers, who were purposively selected from two rural KwaZulu-Natal schools in South Africa. The findings revealed that although teachers used group activities, gaps existed in aligning practice with cooperative learning principles. The study recommends teacher development programmes to effectively implement cooperative learning, fostering active learning, critical thinking, and decision-making skills for learners.
Reflexões acerca do ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Paula Graciano , Andrade Thalia Marques de
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir os conceitos de português como língua colonial, materna, adicional e de acolhimento no Brasil. Revisão bibliográfica: A partir de diversos autores, refletimos acerca da colonização no Brasil e dos violentos processos de imposição da língua portuguesa aos indígenas como instrumento de dominação física e política, aculturação e doutrinação religiosa, tendo o idioma atuado como ferramenta de epistemicídio. A partir desse epistemicídio perpetrado pela língua portuguesa, houve sua consolidação no território no decorrer dos séculos. Nesse sentido, discutimos sobre seu ensino-aprendizagem como língua materna da maioria da população brasileira em diversas abordagens pedagógicas. Em seguida, tratamos do ensino-aprendizagem de português como língua não materna nas perspectivas de língua adicional e de língua de acolhimento, apresentando e problematizando esses conceitos a partir dos sujeitos usuários do idioma. Considerações finais: De acordo com a literatura revisada, pode-se evidenciar a importância das pessoas envolvidas no processo de educação linguística, pois são elas que determinam a abordagem e o sentido que o idioma pode ter.
Risco de adoecimento por Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis em mulheres atendidas na atenção básica em um município da região Xingu-PA
Authors: Tomé Adrianne Carla de Castro , Walfredo João Vitor Ferreira , Farias Gildeone da Silva , Cavalcante Rosiane Luz , Ramos Érika Patricy Serrão , Carvalho Rafaela de Souza Santos , Pinheiro Maria Conceição Nascimento , Ferreira Denis Vieira Gomes , Granato Renan Rocha , Damasceno Helane Conceição
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar o risco de adoecimento para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) em mulheres usuárias do serviço de atenção primária a saúde em um município da região Xingu-Pará. Métodos: estudo transversal com base populacional, 3.510 mulheres que realizaram testes rápido para IST no município de Altamira em 2022. O grupo amostral será de 360 mulheres, que preencherão o questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos, história ginecológica e obstétrica e conhecimento sobre IST. As variáveis obtidas foram tabuladas e avaliadas. Resultados: Não saber que as infecções afetam outros órgãos além dos genitais aproximadamente dobra a chance de infecção (OR 1,8657) em comparação com as mulheres que sabiam. As mulheres que não sabiam as formas de transmissão das IST quase triplicaram a chance de infecção (OR 2,7886) em relação às mulheres que sabiam. Mulheres com escolaridade menor que o ensino médio triplicaram a chance de adquirir alguma IST (OR = 3,2) e ter parceiro fixo revelou aumentar a chance de contrair IST. Essas variáveis não apresentaram diferença significativa. Conclusão: A população feminina atendida na atenção básica do município de Altamira é vulnerável para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Análise da prevalência da Dengue na região Norte entre os anos de 2018 a 2021.
Authors: Almeida Jullyana Lopes , Silva Alicia da Mota , Freitas Kaio Henrique Silva de , Ogata Leandro Iwai , Yamashita Ricardo Kiyoshi
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência da dengue na região Norte nos anos de 2018 a 2021, comparando as notificações antes e após o início da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: foi um estudo epidemiológico quantitativo descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal que abordou a prevalência da dengue na região Norte do Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2021 e comparou as notificações antes e após a pandemia por COVID-19. Obtivemos os dados sobre as notificações na seção de Doenças e Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do DATASUS, os quais foram posteriormente analisados na plataforma Excel. Escolhemos a população incluída com base nas notificações realizadas no território do estado do Tocantins, entre 2018 e 2021. Resultados: no intervalo de 2018 a 2019, ocorreram 53.596 casos de dengue. Dezembro e fevereiro foram os meses de pico em ambos os biênios. Em 2020/2021, houve um aumento de 21%, totalizando 64.856 casos. A faixa etária que predominou no estudo foi de 20–30 anos e com maioria afetada do sexo feminino, sendo parda a etnia mais frequente. Considerações finais: as descobertas têm implicações práticas, como o uso de diferentes critérios associados para diagnóstico inicial e auxílio em políticas públicas de prevenção. Ademais, a principal limitação deste estudo se deu pelo estreito período estudado.
Mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral no Piauí de 2011 a 2021
Authors: Bispo Franciluz Morais , Campelo Viriato , Pôrto Tatiana Naiana Rodrigues dos Santos , Pinho Layany Feitosa , Silva Alex Jorge Medeiros , Morais Thiago Assis Borges , Cruz Regiane Lustosa da , Silva Jade Fonseca , Ferreira Sylvia Helena Batista Pires , Miranda Juliana Bruna Moreira de
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar tendências específicas por idade e sexo e fatores sociais na mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral no estado do Piauí, Brasil, de 2011 a 2021. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que avalia a mortalidade do AVC no Piauí, entre 2011 e 2021. O número de óbitos relacionados ao AVC no período do estudo foi obtido no DATA-SUS pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM). Os dados foram categorizados por idade e sexo. Resultados: Entre 2011 e 2021 26.147 pessoas foram a óbito por AVC no Piauí. O Piauí partiu de um índice de mortalidade de 70,34 em 2011 para 65,42 em 2021. A mortalidade foi maior no sexo masculino. Em 2011 foram 1086 óbitos masculinos e 1023 femininos e em 2021 1080 e 1071 respectivamente. Na relação idade/sexo e mortalidade houve uma maior mortalidade no sexo masculino até 80 anos e a partir dessa idade há uma inversão. Os indicados como pardos representaram a maioria das mortes. Conclusão: O óbito hospitalar é o mais comum seguido pelo óbito domiciliar e o AVC indeterminado foi o mais registrado nas certidões de óbito.
Diabetes mellitus: manejo e prevenção das suas complicações na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Almeida Mariana Moreira de , Santana Brenda Figueredo Lessa , Requião Bruna Hohlenwerger , Oliveira Karol Almeida Silva de , Feres Aline Benevides Sá
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a assistência da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no manejo do Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e na prevenção de suas complicações. Revisão bibliográfica: O DM é uma condição metabólica caracterizada por um estado de hiperglicemia constante. Além disso, é classificado de acordo com a etiopatogenia, como DM do Tipo 1, DM do Tipo 2 e DM Gestacional. O manejo do DM na APS é extremamente importante, pois além de auxiliar os portadores a terem melhor qualidade de vida, também é capaz de prevenir possíveis complicações. Entre as complicações mais comuns, as alterações oftalmológicas são as mais prevalentes, seguidas das alterações na sensibilidade dos membros. Algumas das ações que são desempenhadas pelas APS para prevenir as complicações são: disponibilizar medicamentos para controle diário, promover Educação em Saúde para que os usuários compreendam o DM e estabelecer o vínculo com os portadores da condição através da Educação Permanente (EP). Considerações finais: O manejo adequado do DM na APS é indispensável para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e para evitar complicações causadas pela doença. As formas mais eficientes de prevenir as complicações da DM é por meio da mudança do estilo de vida e estímulo da adesão ao tratamento.
Management of root resorption of anterior teeth caused by impacted canines with emergency traction for replacement of central incisors
Authors: Matsumura Tomonari , Kanno Zuisei , Kawabe Ayako , Ono Takashi
Published: August 2024

Impacted maxillary canines occasionally incline mesially and cause severe root resorption of the maxillary incisors. Here, we describe a case of severe root resorption of the maxillary central incisors caused by impacted canines and the successful alignment of the maxillary arch with the replacement of the central incisors by the canines using a super-elastic Ni-Ti alloy. Furthermore, we successfully managed the patient’s psychological distress using this approach. In the future, if the lateral incisors cannot be conserved, the retracted canines will be available as abutment teeth for prosthodontic treatment.
Antibody Response to Covishield and Covaxin in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Manhas Neha , Bansal Shyam Bihari , Mahapatra Amit Kumar , Rana Abhyudaysingh , Sethi Sidharth Kumar , Jain Manish , Yadav Dinesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on solid organ transplant recipients. COVID-19 vaccination plays a crucial role in pandemic management.There is limited data on replication-defective viral vectors [ChAdOx1-nCOV (COVISHIELDTM)] and whole inactivated one BBV-152 (COVAXINTM) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This study aims to assess the humoral immune response and adverse effects of these vaccines in KTRs after the first and second doses of vaccination.

Materials and Methods

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titers were measured in 285 KTRs recipients prior to vaccination, 3 weeks ± 3 days after first dose and 3 weeks ± 3 days after second dose of the COVISHIELD (n = 232) and COVAXIN (n = 55) vaccines. Anti-spike antibodies were measured by the chemiluminescence immunoassay method. The primary outcome was seroconversion after two doses of COVAXIN and COVISHIELD and secondary outcome was the incidence of adverse events to COVID-19 vaccines within one week of vaccination.

Results

At baseline, 25 (39.7%) and 67 (30.2%) of KTRs were found to be seropositive before receiving COVAXINTM and COVISHIELDTM, respectively. After first dose of vaccination, 46 (73.0%) and 158 (71.2%) were seropositive and after second dose, 51 (81.0%) and 177 (79.7%) were seropositive, respectively. Common adverse effects were fever, chills, myalgia, and headache which settled in 1–2 days. There was no episode of rejection.

Conclusion

Both ChAdOx1-nCOV and BBV-152 were well tolerated and induced robust antibody formation in KTRs in the Indian population.
Diagnosis (by p-RIFLE and KDIGO) and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Likhitha Siddarajaiah , Rameshkumar Ramachandran , Delhikumar Chinnaiah Govindhareddy , Selvan Tamil
Published: August 2024

Background

There are two criteria to diagnose and stage acute kidney injury (AKI) in children: pediatric-Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss (p-RIFLE) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). This study aims to find out the extent of agreement in diagnosis (by p-RIFLE and KDIGO) and risk factors of AKI in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Materials and Methods

A retrospective cohort study involving children aged ≤15 years with DKA was conducted between January 2014 and December 2022. Those with inborn errors of metabolism, septic shock, and urinary tract disease were excluded. The primary outcome was the extent of agreement in diagnosis of AKI by p-RIFLE and KDIGO. The secondary outcomes were staging agreement, risk factors, complications (hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and cerebral edema), time to resolution of DKA, and hospital and pediatric intensive care units (PICU) stay.

Results

Data from 161 patients were collected. Mean (SD) age was 8.6 (3.7) years. Good agreement between p-RIFLE and KDIGO criteria for diagnosis of AKI was noted at admission (Kappa = 0.71, p ≤ 0.001), at 24 hours (Kappa = 0.73, p ≤ 0.001) and discharge (Kappa = 0.60, p ≤ 0.001), and for the staging of AKI at admission (Kappa = 0.81, p ≤ 0.001) at 24 hours (Kappa = 0.75, p ≤ 0.001) and discharge (Kappa = 0.48, p ≤ 0.001). On multivariate analysis, age (≤5 years: aOR = 3.03, 95% CI 1.04–8.79) is an independent risk factor for AKI at discharge by KDIGO. Cerebral edema (n = 6, 3.7%), hypoglycemia (n = 66, 41%), and hypokalemia (n = 59, 36.6%) were noted. Resolution and stay in PICU and hospitals were longer for patients with AKI.

Conclusion

p-RIFLE and KDIGO criteria showed good agreement in diagnosis and staging of AKI in pediatric DKA.
Competitions in the System of Creative Development of Russian Military Bands
Authors: Nisenbaum Andrey A.
Published: August 2024

In the article, the author traces the chronology of the formation and development of review-competitions of military bands of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation from the moment of competition at the International Exposition of 1867 in Paris to the present day. And if the first competitive events held in the second half of the 19th century had an international status, then after 1917 their state developed from district and regional review-competitions to competitions on the scale of all the Armed Forces. Performances of military bands on the international arena resumed only in the second half of the 20th century due to regular trips of military bands to Europe, where the festival movement flourished at that time, which appeared in the 1990s in our country as well. The relevance of competitions was in the greater opportunity to demonstrate their creative achievements not only in the field of musical design of military rituals, but also in concert activities.

The development of review-competitions went in parallel with the formation of military-music culture in Russia. The formation of professional military music education, the increase in the number of military bands and the improvement of their staffing, the publication of music literature and, together with it, the development of repertoire practice of military bands were reflected in the conditions of review competitions. In Russia’s recent history, the performance of service and concert repertoire was joined by a separately assessed section of the review-contest – the platz-concert.

In addition, the regular holding of review-contests contributed to the development of the work of many national composers of the Union republics, whose various works were given a chance to come to life at these events. At the stage of the final competitions the participants were given a unique opportunity to take part in a master class of orchestral performance from the leading military orchestral ensembles of our country. By now, a stable system of holding such events in two rounds with a regular frequency of once every five years has been developed, which contributes to improving the growth of musical culture and performance skills of military orchestras.
Tea Ceremony in Tan Dun’s Opera “Tea: A Mirror of Soul”
Authors: Din Jun , Yunusova Violetta N.
Published: August 2024

The study of the work of the famous Chinese composer Tan Dun (b. 1957), who in many ways determines the image of contemporary Chinese music, is closely connected with the identification of the origins of national culture, the reflection of which he pays special attention to. Among them is the ritual and ceremonial side, which has not yet become the subject of special research. That is necessary for a fuller and more adequate interpretation of the content of Tan Dun’s works. The opera “Tea”, in another version “Tea: A Mirror of Soul” (2002) seems to be indicative in terms of revealing both the external event side of the action and the ritual side of the tea ceremony, which acts as one of the essential aspects of Chinese and Japanese culture and determines the most important aspects of the musical language and dramaturgy of the opera. The fate of the opera’s characters is closely linked to the discovery of the true “Canon of Tea”, which symbolizes the search for the right path in life. Combining the traditions of different cultures, the composer chose for his work the genre of hall opera, based on the fusion of the ancient theatres of Europe and Asia, as well as modern multimedia technologies. At the heart of this synthesis are Western opera, primarily Italian opera, the traditional musical theatre of China (Beijing opera) and Japan (Kabuki theatre). All means of artistic expression: the construction of the stage space, costumes and lighting, the actors’ movements, vocal techniques with elements of traditional theatre singing, and the use of organic instruments create a unique atmosphere of action. The tea ceremony becomes the “pivot” around which the tragic fate of Prince Seikyo and his beloved Princess Lan develops. The tea ceremony is not only an important piece of national flavor, but also a link between all the elements of the practice.