bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empleabilidad de los terapeutas respiratorios egresados de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Pereira, Risaralda, 2021
Authors: Blanco Vanegas Angélica María , Cardona José Gerardo , Rojas Galvis Santiago
Published: July 2023

La terapia respiratoria (TR) es una profesión vital para los servicios asistenciales hospitalarios. Esta es una disciplina básica dentro del equipo médico e impacta positivamente el estado de salud de los pacientes en las diferentes patologías cardiorrespiratorias mediante la aplicación de diversas modalidades de intervención11. El área de terapia respiratoria se ha expandido y ha impactado a la sociedad con la implementación de sus conocimientos y diversos procedimientos clínicos con el fin de ofrecer una adecuada atención en salud a los pacientes2. Actualmente, la legislación nacional y los requerimientos de los profesionales especializados en el cuidado respiratorio toma fuerza no solo por las demandas del mercado sino también por el aporte que estos generan en la atención y reducción de costos a un sistema de salud en crisis3. Objetivo: identificar la empleabilidad de los terapeutas respiratorios en Pereira, Risaralda, 2021.  Materiales y métodos: la investigación observacional, descriptiva con enfoque cuantitativo, la evaluación de las variables reportadas de una encuesta anónima realizada por la oficina de egresados de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, aplicada a 135 egresados del programa de Terapeutas Respiratorios de la sede Pereira. La captura y procesamiento básico de información según las variables del estudio se hizo a través de Excel y el programa SPSS.   Resultados: se pudo apreciar que, de un total de 135 egresados, 117 que corresponden al 86 % de la población, manifestaron que se encuentran laborando como terapeutas respiratorios actualmente; solo el 6,6 % (9 personas) reportan estar desempleados y los demás registran ocupaciones laborales tales como independientes, empresarios y trabajos fuera del país. Conclusiones: este estudio evidencia la necesidad de realizar nuevas investigaciones sobre este campo ocupacional, además se confirmaron cambios en el perfil ocupacional a causa del SARS-CoV-2.
Caracterización de los usuarios y servicios de urgencias basados en el triaje en dos instituciones de alto nivel de complejidad en Medellín Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Lina María , Cuartas-Agudelo Yuban Sebastián , Estrada-Atehortúa Andrés Felipe , Thowinson-Hernández María Camila , Roldán-Tabares Mabel Dahiana , Lobo-Salas Yulis Fernanda , Gil-Ramos Jose Manuel , Arboleda-Rojas Manuela , Castañeda-Palacios Santiago , Zuluaga-Gómez Mateo
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: determinar las características de los usuarios y servicios basados en el triaje. Método: estudio observacional descriptivo que incluyó pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencias y se les realizó triaje en dos instituciones de alto nivel de complejidad en Medellín en el año de 2018. Resultado: se incluyeron 4159 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 38 años, el 54,61 % eran de sexo masculino. El 85,54 % habitaban en el área metropolitana y el 67,78 % eran del régimen contributivo. En cuanto al mes con mayor afluencia de pacientes fue mayo con un 10,55 % seguido del mes de enero con 10,29 %; y el día de la semana fue el martes con 16,15 %, siendo el horario más frecuente entre las 9:00 y 12:00 del día con 18,32 %. Conclusión: una adecuada caracterización del paciente en urgencias por medio del triaje es útil para una atención oportuna y lograr la optimización de los servicios.
‘La pelota sí se mancha’. La situación de los trabajadores migrantes huéspedes que construyeron los estadios del Mundial de Catar 2022
Authors: Astorga Morales Abel
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del artículo es analizar diversas situaciones entrañadas por el nulo respecto a los derechos humanos de los trabajadores migrantes huéspedes que construyeron los estadios y demás infraestructura de movilidad en el Mundial de Catar 2022. Se trató de un Mundial polémico, por las contradicciones que entrañó en tanto megaevento deportivo de alcance transnacional. Con base en diversas publicaciones de medios de comunicación internacionales, el artículo detalla aspectos relativos a las condiciones laborales y de vida de estos migrantes provenientes de India, Pakistán, Nepal y otros países, así como el contexto respecto a las muertes acontecidas, y el papel de la Federación Internacional de Futbol Asociado (FIFA), el gobierno local, y otros actores involucrados.
Filosofía crítica del deporte. Algunas observaciones preliminares1
Authors: Brohm Jean Marie
Published: July 2023

Podemos considerar la filosofía como un largo río tranquilo donde varios textos dialogan cortésmente con otros textos a través de generaciones, culturas y grupos humanos. Es aproximadamente la concepción tradicional de la historia de la filosofía la que forma el corpus básico del mundo académico. Pero también podemos considerar la filosofía como un tema de luchas con consecuencias vitales que implica y hasta exige la crítica, la deconstrucción y la polémica, en definitiva la “batalla en la refriega”. La filosofía se ocupa entonces del mundo real, de sus conflictos, de sus aspiraciones, de sus proyectos. Es esta concepción que tengo de la filosofía en la tradición de un Marx, un Sartre, un Nizan, un Adorno, un Marcuse, un Jankélévitch, por nombrar algunos. Sin embargo, los filósofos no son sólo lectores y comentaristas de textos, también son ideólogos o políticos que aceptan o rechazan su tiempo, manifiestan preferencias y valores, ocupan posiciones de poder y disputan o colaboran con los diversos poderes. “Ya es hora de ponerlos contra la pared, por lo tanto, escribe Paul Nizan. Para preguntarles su opinión sobre la guerra, sobre el colonialismo, sobre la racionalización de las fábricas, sobre el amor, sobre las diferentes formas de muerte, sobre el desempleo, sobre la política, sobre el suicidio, sobre la policía, sobre los abortos, sobre todos los elementos que realmente ocupan la tierra. Ya es hora de pedirles su partido. (Nizan, 1976)
Reseña del libro: Antifutbol. Narraciones híbridas en fuera de lugar
Authors: Castillo Figueroa Enrique
Published: July 2023

El futbol es un deporte que goza de una popularidad a nivel mundial, nacional y local. Es por ello que el aporte de las ciencias sociales al análisis de este fenómeno social, nos ayuda a comprender el papel que juegan cada uno de los actores sociales involucrados en el denominado “juego del hombre”.El título de la obra enmarca el contenido del mismo, en que se muestran 26 pasajes a manera de capítulos, corolario de una recopilación de textos que se han escrito en revistas y periódicos. Este es resultado del trabajo de años por parte del autor en el estudio del futbol como fenómeno social. Nos explica desde la autoetnografía, la relación que guarda desde su infancia con este deporte, concebido así durante esta etapa de su vida. De igual forma, nos describe el contexto y los medios de comunicación que existían entre las décadas de 1970 y 1980; como la radio y la televisión. Asimismo, nos lleva a comprender el significado de los espacios, como lo eran el patio de la escuela, la calle y el estadio. Además, nos hace una descripción densa del significado que tuvo el mundial de México de 1986, a través de los recuerdos de su infancia.
TTK/MPS1 inhibitor OSU-13 targets the mitotic checkpoint and is a potential therapeutic strategy for myeloma
Authors: Longo Larissa Valle Guilhen , Hughes Tiffany , McNeil-Laidley Betina , Cottini Francesca , Hilinski Gerard , Merritt Elizabeth , Benson Don M.
Published: July 2023

Despite substantial recent advances in treatment, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease, with a shortage of treatment options for patients with high-risk disease, warranting the need for novel therapeutic targets and treatment approaches. Threonine and tyrosine kinase (TTK), also known as monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1), is a kinase essential for the mitotic spindle checkpoint whose expression correlates to unfavorable prognosis in several cancers. Here, we report the importance of TTK in MM, and the effects of the TTK inhibitor OSU-13. Elevated TTK expression correlated with amplification/ gain of 1q21 and decreased overall and event-free survival in MM. Treatment with OSU-13 inhibited TTK activity efficiently and selectively at a similar concentration range to other TTK inhibitor clinical candidates. OSU-13 reduced proliferation and viability of primary human MM cells and cell lines, especially those with high 1q21 copy numbers, and triggered apoptosis through caspase 3 and 7 activation. In addition, OSU-13 induced DNA damage and severe defects in chromosome alignment and segregation, generating aneuploidy. In vivo, OSU-13 decreased tumor growth in mice with NCI-H929 xenografts. Collectively, our findings reveal that inhibiting TTK with OSU-13 is a potential therapeutic strategy for MM, particularly for a subset of high-risk patients with poor outcome.
An Observational Study on Levels of Serum Fibrin Degradation Product (FDP), D-Dimer and Procalcitonin in Burn Sepsis
Authors: Begum Nurunnahar , Hasan Mahbub , Ahmed Tanveer , Kalam Md Abul
Published: July 2023

Background: Despite improvements in burn management, infection is still the biggest challenge in major burn cases globally. Burn causes extensive tissue destruction, immune dysfunction, increases the risk of infection and septicemia with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to observe the levels of serum fibrin degradation product (FDP), D-dimer and procalcitonin in patients with burn sepsis treated in intensive care unit (ICU).
Materials & Methods: This observational study was carried out in Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from February 2018 to January 2019. Forty (40) patients with major burns, from (15% to 50% total body surface area burn) with burn sepsis, were recruited for the study. In all cases, plasma level of fibrin degradation product (FDP), D-dimer and procalcitonin were measured and recorded.
Result: Male predominance (57.5%) was observed in our study. Eighty five percent (85%) patients had total body surface area burn (TBSA) 20% to 50%. Sixteen patients (40%) suffered from flame burn, 13 (32.5%) patients from scalds and 11 (27.5%)  patients had high voltage electric burn. The value of FDP was raised in 62.5% patients, D- dimer in 67.5% patients. Serum procalcitonin level was high (> 2ng/ml), indicating burn sepsis in 47.5% cases but it was not significant (2 sample t – test reveals no significant relationship between rise of serum level of procalcitonin and presence of burn sepsis)
Conclusion: Fibrin degradation product (FDP) and D- dimer were raised in two-thirds of burn cases while procalcitonin in two-fifths cases. Measurement of serum level of FDP, Ddimer and procalcitonin may give an idea regarding early onset of bacterial infection and burn sepsis and can serve as an indicator for burn sepsis.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41: 193-197
Come Trattare Le Acque per Emodlialisi
Authors: Brancaccio Diego
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
L'Emodiafiltrazione Ad Alto Flusso
Authors: Cioni Leopoldo
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
L'Emodialisi Ad Alta Efficienza
Authors: Imperiali Patrizio , Sasdelli Mauro
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Influenza Della Struttura di un Filtro per Dialisi Sulla Biocompatibilità
Authors: Riccò V.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Le Piccole Molecole in Dialisi
Authors: Pacitti A. , Triolo G.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Lo Sviluppo Delle Membrane per Dialisi
Authors: Menta R.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
La Nausea e il Vomito Durante L'emodialisi
Authors: Queirolo C. , Solari P.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Il Magnesio Sua Importanza in Corso Di Insufficienza Renale E Nel Liquido Di Dialisi
Authors: Surian M. , Malberti F. , Di Carlo A.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
La Dialisi Extracorporea Nel Paziente Obeso
Authors: Nordio M. , Mirandoli F. , Saporiti E.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
La Dialisi Peritoneale Continua Ciclica: Tecnica e Problematiche
Authors: Duranti E. , Sasdelli M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Emodiluizione Intenzionale Isovolemica e Risparmio di Sangue in Chirurgia
Authors: Martinelli G. , Zanoni A. , Aldrovandi E. , Bonoli P. , Borghi B. , Faenza S. , Ortelli L.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
La Malattia Cistica Renale All'ecotomografia
Authors: Ravelli M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Morfovolumetria Renale Normale e Patologica
Authors: Valli A. , Niccolini M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract non disponibile
Influence Of Company Performance On Stock Return
Authors: Larasati Vinny , Subing Hesty Juni Tambuati , Mansur Amin
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of company performance on stock returns in the consumer goods sector for the period (2016-2020) and its review from an Islamic point of view. Company performance as proxied by variables ROA, CR, DER, TATO and PER. The research method used is quantitative research methods and uses secondary data. The sample used as many as 16 companies through purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis technique with a significant level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant effect on stock returns (2) Current Ratio (CR) has no significant effect on stock returns (3) Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) has no significant effect on return stocks (4) Total Assets Turnover (TATO) has a significant effect on stock returns (5) Price Earnings Ratio (PER) has a significant effect on stock returns (6) ROA, CR, DER, TATO and PER simultaneously have a significant effect on stock returns.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility, Free Cash Flow and Leverage on Earnings Management with Managerial Ownership as Moderating
Authors: Pangesti Aisiyah , Chusnah Flourien Nurul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of corporate social responsibility, free cash flow and leverage on earnings management with managerial ownership as a moderator in consumer goods industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2018-2021 period. This study uses quantitative research methods, which are measured by using multiple linear regression method with Eviews 12 software. The population in this study are consumer goods industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2021. Sampling using purposive sampling method with a total sample of as much as 23 companies with a research period of 4 years so that the total observations in this study were 92 observations. The data collection techn ique uses the documentation method through the IDX official website www.idx.co.id. The results of this study prove that (1) corporate social responsibility, free cash flow has a negative effect on earnings management, (2) leverage has no effect on earnings management, (3) managerial ownership is able to moderate the relationship of corporate social responsibility to earnings management, (4) ownership managerial is not able to moderate the relationship of free cash flow and leverage on earnings management.
Pengembangan media pembelajaran papan pintar aljabar untuk materi persamaan linear satu variabel
Authors: Langka Fran Ricard , Setyadi Danang
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Papan Pintar Aljabar untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah matematika pada materi Persamaan Linier Satu Variabel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model pengembangan R & D dengan metode pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery, Evaluations). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 12 siswa kelas VII SMP yang sudah mempelajari materi Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel (PLSV). Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa lembar validasi media, validasi materi, uji kepraktisan dan angket pendapat siswa. Hasil penelitian ini (1) Media “Papan Pintar Aljabar” dinyatakan valid dari segi media dengan rata-rata persentase 88,9%, (2) Media “Papan Pintar Aljabar” valid dari segi materi dengan rata-rata persentase 95%, (3) Media “Papan Pintar Aljabar” sangat praktis digunakan dari hasil angket pendapat siswa dengan rata-rata persentase 93,425%, dan (4) Media “Papan Pintar Aljabar” sangat praktis dengan rata-rata persentase 91,17%.
Prehistoric Myths in Modern Political Philosophy
Authors: Widerquist Karl , McCall Grant S.
Published: July 2023

This book shows how—despite significant equivocation—the most influential justifications of government and of private property rely on the seldom-questioned empirical premise that this book calls, “the Hobbesian Hypothesis.” That is, everyone in a society with a government and/or a private property rights system is better off than anyone could be in a society without those institutions. In other words, the “Lockean Proviso” is fulfilled—whether by the state or by the property rights system or both. This book traces the path of this claim through the history of political thought from Hobbes and Locke to the present showing how it has become embedded in many influential contractarian justifications of the state and natural rights justifications of property rights. Contemporary social contract and property rights theorists continue to repeat the hypothesis as if it were obviously true—ignoring critics and producing little or no evidence to support it. The book presents evidence that neither the state nor the property rights system have benefited the least advantaged people in contemporary capitalist states. The very poor, socially isolated people, and the victims of modern diseases are worse off than they could reasonably expect to be if they were allowed to live in a stateless society with common land and resources.
Literature and Medicine in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical Press
Authors: Coyer Megan
Published: July 2023

In the early nineteenth century, Edinburgh was the leading centre of medical education and research in Britain. It also laid claim to a thriving periodical culture. Literature and Medicine in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical Press investigates how Romantic periodicals cultivated innovative literary forms, ideologies and discourses that reflected and shaped medical culture in the nineteenth century. It examines several medically-trained contributors to Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, the most influential literary periodical of the time, and draws upon extensive archival and bibliographical research to reclaim these previously neglected medico-literary figures. Situating their work in relation to developments in medical and periodical culture, the book advances our understanding of how the nineteenth-century periodical press cross-fertilised medical and literary ideas. In the case of Blackwood’s, it is argued that the magazine’s distinctive Romantic ideology and experimental form enabled the development of an overtly ‘literary’ and humanistic popular medical culture, which participated in a wider critique of liberal Whig ideology in post-Enlightenment Scotland.
Evidence for developmental vascular-associated necroptosis and its contribution to venous-lymphatic endothelial differentiation
Authors: Meng Han , Zhao Youyi , Li Yuqian , Fan Hong , Yi Xuyang , Meng Xinyu , Wang Pengfei , Fu Fanfan , Wu Shengxi , Wang Yazhou
Published: July 2023

During development, apoptosis removes redundant cells and ensures proper organ morphogenesis. Necrosis is long known as an adult-bound inflammatory and pathologic cell death. Whether there exists physiological necrosis during early development has been speculated but yet clearly demonstrated. Here, we report evidence of necroptosis, a type of programmed necrosis, specifically in perivascular cells of cerebral cortex and skin at the early stage of development. Phosphorylated Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like protein (MLKL), a key molecule in executing necroptosis, co-expressed with blood endothelial marker CD31 and venous-lymphatic progenitor marker Sox18. Depletion of Mlkl did not affect the formation of blood vessel network but increased the differentiation of venous-lymphatic lineage cells in postnatal cerebral cortex and skin. Consistently, significant enhancement of cerebrospinal fluid diffusion and lymphatic drainage was found in brain and skin of Mlkl-deficient mice. Under hypobaric hypoxia induced cerebral edema and inflammation induced skin edema, Mlkl mutation significantly attenuated brain-blood-barrier damage and edema formation. Our data, for the first time, demonstrated the presence of physiological vascular-associated necroptosis and its potential involvement in the development of venous-lymphatic vessels.
Time-resolved in situ vibrational spectroscopy for electrocatalysis: challenge and opportunity
Authors: Lyu Danya , Xu Jinchang , Wang Zhenyou
Published: July 2023

Understanding the structure-activity relationship of catalysts and the reaction pathway is crucial for designing efficient, selective, and stable electrocatalytic systems. In situ vibrational spectroscopy provides a unique tool for decoding molecular-level factors involved in electrocatalytic reactions. Typically, spectra are recorded when the system reaches steady states under set potentials, known as steady-state measurements, providing static pictures of electrode properties at specific potentials. However, transient information that is crucial for understanding the dynamic of electrocatalytic reactions remains elusive. Thus, time-resolved in situ vibrational spectroscopies are developed. This mini review summarizes time-resolved in situ infrared and Raman techniques and discusses their application in electrocatalytic research. With different time resolutions, these time-resolved techniques can capture unique dynamic processes of electrocatalytic reactions, short-lived intermediates, and the surface structure revolution that would be missed in steady-state measurements alone. Therefore, they are essential for understanding complex reaction mechanisms and can help unravel important molecular-level information hidden in steady states. Additionally, improving spectral time resolution, exploring low/ultralow frequency detection, and developing operando time-resolved devices are proposed as areas for advancing time-resolved techniques and their further applications in electrocatalytic research.
Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein ectodomain delivered by type 5 adenovirus vector elicits broad immune response against NiV and HeV
Authors: Huang Xiaoyan , Li Yaohui , Li Ruihua , Wang Shaoyan , Yang Lu , Wang Shuyi , Yin Ying , Zai Xiaodong , Zhang Jun , Xu Junjie
Published: July 2023

Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are newly emerging dangerous zoonotic pathogens of the Henipavirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family. NiV and HeV (HNVs) which are transmitted by bats cause acute respiratory disease and fatal encephalitis in humans. To date, as there is a lack of antiviral drugs or effective antiviral therapies, the development of vaccines against those two viruses is of primary importance, and the immunogen design is crucial to the success of vaccines. In this study, the full-length protein (G), the ectodomain (Ge) and the head domain (Gs) of NiV attachment glycoprotein were delivered by the replication-defective type 5 adenovirus vector (Ad5) respectively, and the recombinant Ad5-NiV vaccine candidates (Ad5-NiVG, Ad5-NiVGe and Ad5-NiVGs) were constructed and their immunogenicity were evaluated in mice. The results showed that all the vaccine candidates stimulated specific humoral and cellular immune responses efficiently and rapidly against both NiV and HeV, and the Ad5-NiVGe elicited the strongest immune responses after a single-dose immunization. Furthermore, the potent conserved T-cell epitope DTLYFPAVGFL shared by NiV and HeV was identified in the study, which may provide valid information on the mechanism of HNVs-specific cellular immunity. In summary, this study demonstrates that the Ad5-NiVGe could be a potent vaccine candidate against HNVs by inducing robust humoral and cellular immune responses.
Preliminary landscape of Candidatus Saccharibacteria in the human microbiome
Authors: Naud Sabrina , Valles Camille , Abdillah Abdourahim , Abou Chacra Linda , Mekhalif Fatima Zouina , Ibrahim Ahmad , Caputo Aurelia , Baudoin Jean-Pierre , Gouriet Frédérique , Bittar Fadi , Lagier Jean-Christophe , Ranque Stéphane , Fenollar Florence , Tidjani Alou Maryam , Raoult Didier
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) and more specifically Candidatus Saccharibacteria (TM7) have now been established as ubiquitous members of the human oral microbiota. Additionally, CPR have been reported in the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts. However, the exploration of new human niches has been limited to date.

Methods

In this study, we performed a prospective and retrospective screening of TM7 in human samples using standard PCR, real-time PCR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and shotgun metagenomics.

Results

Using Real-time PCR and standard PCR, oral samples presented the highest TM7 prevalence followed by fecal samples, breast milk samples, vaginal samples and urine samples. Surprisingly, TM7 were also detected in infectious samples, namely cardiac valves and blood cultures at a low prevalence (under 3%). Moreover, we observed CPR-like structures using SEM in all sample types except cardiac valves. The reconstruction of TM7 genomes in oral and fecal samples from shotgun metagenomics reads further confirmed their high prevalence in some samples.

Conclusion

This study confirmed, through their detection in multiple human samples, that TM7 are human commensals that can also be found in clinical settings. Their detection in clinical samples warrants further studies to explore their role in a pathological setting.
Ground subsidence associated with mining activity in the Ningdong coal base area, northwestern China revealed by InSAR time series analysis
Authors: Tang Wei , Wang Mingliang , Li Peixian , Wang Guorui , Yan Yueguan , Yan Weitao
Published: July 2023

Ningdong coal base area located in northwestern China is one of the largest coal-producing bases in China. The aim of this work is to investigate a regional-scale mining subsidence over the Ningdong coal base area, by using both conventional and advanced Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) methods. Fifteen L-band SAR images from ALOS-2 satellite and 102 C-band images from Sentinel-1A satellite spanning between November 2014 and July 2019 were used for the analysis. To increase the spatial extent of the displacement signal because of decorrelated effects, we modified the traditional Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) method to incorporate the coherence into the inverse problem, hereafter we call it coherence-based SBAS method. Instead of excluding decorrelated pixels present in the interferograms, we keep all the pixels in the time series analysis and down-weighted the decorrelated pixels with coherence. We performed the coherence-based SBAS method to both the two SAR datasets to obtain the subsidence rate maps and displacement time-series over the mining areas, and compared the results with that from the traditional stacking InSAR method. We evaluated the effectiveness of L-band and C-band DInSAR for monitoring mining subsidence by comparing differential interferograms and displacements derived from SBAS method between ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1A data. Compared to C-band, L-band SAR are less affected by phase aliasing due to large displacement gradients. The most significant subsidence was found at Maliantai mine with −264 mm/year detected by SBAS method from Sentinel-1 data. We validated the InSAR displacement accuracy by comparing both ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1 results with 18 GPS stations above five active mining regions. The average RMSE between InSAR and GPS measurements is 28.4 mm for Sentinel-1 data and 21 mm for ALOS-2 data. Our results demonstrate that the combined exploitation of L-band and C-band SAR data through both conventional and advanced DInSAR methods could be crucial to monitor ground subsidence in mining areas, which provides insights into subsidence dynamics and determine the characteristic surface response to longwall advance.
An intentional controlled islanding strategy considering island frequency stability for power system with wind-power integrated
Authors: Tang Fei , Guo Yuhan , Wei Xiaoqing , Chen Mo , Sun Jinzhou , Deng Huipeng
Published: July 2023

As the last defense line to avoid cascading failures, intentional controlled islanding (ICI) is of great significance to maintain the stability of power systems. However, with the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the system inertia and primary frequency regulation capacity have significantly decreased, and the adaptability and effectiveness of ICI have also been significantly reduced. Aiming at the above problems, an ICI strategy considering island frequency stability with wind-power integration is proposed. Firstly, a basic model of ICI is constructed through the collaborative optimization of load shedding, generator tripping, and the optimal intentional islanding boundary. Secondly, a frequency response model of the islanded system considering the primary frequency regulation of wind power is established, and the corresponding linear iterative algorithm is proposed. Finally, the established frequency stability constraints are embedded into the ICI model, forming a mixed integer linear program (MILP) model. The results and the effectiveness of islanding frequency control using the proposed strategy is discussed in the IEEE39 system compared with the traditional ICI strategy.
Application of rare earth elements as modifiers for Ni-rich cathode materials for Li-ion batteries: a mini review
Authors: Zybert Magdalena , Ronduda Hubert , Raróg-Pilecka Wioletta , Wieczorek Władysław
Published: July 2023

This mini review article summarizes the recent progress in the modification of Ni-rich cathode materials for Li-ion batteries using rare earth elements. Although layered materials with high nickel content are the most promising cathodes due to their high capacity, the significant chemical, structural and thermal instability considerably hinders their practical application. Overcoming these limitations is possible through morphological or structural modifications based on doping and coating. Numerous reports regarding the use of various elements of the periodic table for this type of modification can be found in the literature. Surprisingly, rare earth elements are the least applied and described in the literature so far, even though they possess all the necessary features qualifying them as effective modifiers of layered cathode materials. This work summarizes the up-to-date publications regarding the application of rare earth elements as a highly prospective group of modifiers for layered Ni-rich cathode materials. These reports provide a better understanding of mechanisms of modification by rare earth elements and their beneficial effects on the electrochemical performance of the studied materials. New prospective strategies for layered cathode materials improvement have also been indicated.
Bat functional traits associated with environmental, landscape, and conservation variables in Neotropical dry forests
Authors: Díaz-B Camila A. , Otálora-Ardila Aída , Valdés-Cardona María Camila , López-Arévalo Hugo F. , Montenegro Olga L.
Published: July 2023

Tropical dry forests are among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. Bats' role in those ecosystems is critical because of multiple bat-mediated processes. Such processes are strongly related to bats' functional traits. However, it is poorly known which bat's functional traits could relate to variations in environmental conditions in tropical dry forests. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that bat functional traits would be significantly associated with landscape variables, climatic variables, and land-use intensity. For testing these hypotheses, we used data from phyllostomid and mormoopid bats captured in mist nets and data from non-phyllostomid insectivorous bat species registered by passive acoustic monitoring. We considered six functional traits for phyllostomid and mormoopid bats, and for non-phyllostomid insectivorous bats, we added two echolocation parameters. We measured five environmental variables, two of local climate (daily maximum temperature and wind speed) and three of landscape features (total area of water and closeness, probability of finding caves, and conservation status). The relationships between bat functional traits and environmental variables were evaluated using the RLQ and the fourth-corner analysis. We captured 360 individuals belonging to 14 species with mist nets (Phyllostomidae and Mormoopidae), and we identified 18 species and six sonotypes with acoustic sampling (Emballonuridae, Mormoopidae, Molossidae, Natalidae, Noctilionidae, and Vespertilionidae). We found that bats' functional traits related to environmental conditions were pulse structure, diet, vertical foraging stratification, and trophic level, although these relationships varied among bats' ecological roles. The hematophagous were related to water bodies' closeness, and animalivorous bats, mostly mormoopids, showed a relationship with the probability of finding caves. Insectivorous bats that mostly forage on the canopy and emit qCF calls were significantly related to more conserved sites, and bats that emit qCF pulses were significantly associated with less area covered by water. Our findings provide insights into how bat functional traits vary in their relationships with environmental conditions in harsh environments such as dry forests.
Causality between inflammatory bowel disease and the cerebral cortex: insights from Mendelian randomization and integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: He Shubei , Peng Ying , Chen Xiaofang , Ou Ying
Published: July 2023

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic, progressive, and recurrent intestinal condition that poses a significant global health burden. The high prevalence of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in IBD necessitates the development of targeted management strategies.

Methods

Leveraging genetic data from genome-wide association studies and Immunochip genotype analyses of nearly 150,000 individuals, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to elucidate the driving force of IBD, UC, and CD on cortical reshaping. Genetic variants mediating the causality were collected to disclose the biological pathways linking intestinal inflammation to brain dysfunction.

Results

Here, 115, 69, and 98 instrumental variables genetically predicted IBD, UC, and CD. We found that CD significantly decreased the surface area of the temporal pole gyrus (β = −0.946 mm2, P = 0.005, false discovery rate-P = 0.085). Additionally, we identified suggestive variations in cortical surface area and thickness induced by exposure across eight functional gyri. The top 10 variant-matched genes were STAT3, FOS, NFKB1, JAK2, STAT4, TYK2, SMAD3, IL12B, MYC, and CCL2, which are interconnected in the interaction network and play a role in inflammatory and immune processes.

Conclusion

We explore the causality between intestinal inflammation and altered cortical morphology. It is likely that neuroinflammation-induced damage, impaired neurological function, and persistent nociceptive input lead to morphological changes in the cerebral cortex, which may trigger neuropsychiatric disorders.
Unveiling efferocytosis-related signatures through the integration of single-cell analysis and machine learning: a predictive framework for prognosis and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Tao , Li Chao , Zhang Jiantao , Hu Han , Li Chenyao
Published: July 2023

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a prominent gastrointestinal malignancy with a grim clinical outlook. In this regard, the discovery of novel early biomarkers holds substantial promise for ameliorating HCC-associated mortality. Efferocytosis, a vital immunological process, assumes a central position in the elimination of apoptotic cells. However, comprehensive investigations exploring the role of efferocytosis-related genes (EFRGs) in HCC are sparse, and their regulatory influence on HCC immunotherapy and targeted drug interventions remain poorly understood.

Methods

RNA sequencing data and clinical characteristics of HCC patients were acquired from the TCGA database. To identify prognostically significant genes in HCC, we performed the limma package and conducted univariate Cox regression analysis. Subsequently, machine learning algorithms were employed to identify hub genes. To assess the immunological landscape of different HCC subtypes, we employed the CIBERSORT algorithm. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to investigate the expression levels of ERFGs in immune cells and to explore intercellular communication within HCC tissues. The migratory capacity of HCC cells was evaluated using CCK-8 assays, while drug sensitivity prediction reliability was determined through wound-healing assays.

Results

We have successfully identified a set of nine genes, termed EFRGs, that hold significant potential for the establishment of a hepatocellular carcinoma-specific prognostic model. Furthermore, leveraging the individual risk scores derived from this model, we were able to stratify patients into two distinct risk groups, unveiling notable disparities in terms of immune infiltration patterns and response to immunotherapy. Notably, the model’s capacity to accurately predict drug responses was substantiated through comprehensive experimental investigations, encompassing wound-healing assay, and CCK8 experiments conducted on the HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines.

Conclusions

We constructed an EFRGs model that serves as valuable tools for prognostic assessment and decision-making support in the context of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
Lightweight marine biological target detection algorithm based on YOLOv5
Authors: Liang Heng , Song Tingqiang
Published: July 2023

Underwater object detection currently faces many challenges, such as the large number of parameters in existing object detection models, slow inference speed, blurring of underwater images, and aggregation of small targets, making it difficult to conduct efficient underwater object detection. This paper proposes a lightweight underwater object detection algorithm based on YOLOv5.The method uses depth-wise separable convolution instead of ordinary convolution to reduce the number of parameters and computational complexity. A C3 module based on Ghost convolution is designed to further compress the model size and improve the computational speed. In the feature extraction stage, a RepVgg module based on structural reparameterization is used to convert the multi -branch structure into a single-branch structure in the inference stage, improving the feature extraction ability of the model and increasing the inference speed. A Rep-ECA module is designed to embed the efficient channel attention module ECANet into the RepVGG module, selecting more effective channel information and improving the model’s feature extraction ability for small objects in blurred images, thereby improving detection precision. Experimental results show that in the URPC underwater object detection dataset, the proposed algorithm has a 39% lower model parameter count compared to the original model, a 42% reduction in computational complexity. The model can achieve a frame rate of 85 on a single Nvidia GTX 1080ti GPU, which is a 24% improvement over the original model, while mAP reaches 85.1%, a 1.1% improvement over the original model. The algorithm can improve the detection precision and achieve lightweight, which lays a foundation for the deployment of underwater equipment.
The prediction of Alzheimer’s disease through multi-trait genetic modeling
Authors: Clark Kaylyn , Fu Wei , Liu Chia-Lun , Ho Pei-Chuan , Wang Hui , Lee Wan-Ping , Chou Shin-Yi , Wang Li-San , Tzeng Jung-Ying
Published: July 2023

To better capture the polygenic architecture of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we developed a joint genetic score, MetaGRS. We incorporated genetic variants for AD and 24 other traits from two independent cohorts, NACC (n = 3,174, training set) and UPitt (n = 2,053, validation set). One standard deviation increase in the MetaGRS is associated with about 57% increase in the AD risk [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.577, p = 7.17 E-56], showing little difference from the HR for AD GRS alone (HR = 1.579, p = 1.20E-56), suggesting similar utility of both models. We also conducted APOE-stratified analyses to assess the role of the e4 allele on risk prediction. Similar to that of the combined model, our stratified results did not show a considerable improvement of the MetaGRS. Our study showed that the prediction power of the MetaGRS significantly outperformed that of the reference model without any genetic information, but was effectively equivalent to the prediction power of the AD GRS.
Automatic segmentation of white matter hyperintensities and correlation analysis for cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Xu Bin , Zhang Xiaofeng , Tian Congyu , Yan Wei , Wang Yuanqing , Zhang Doudou , Liao Xiangyun , Cai Xiaodong
Published: July 2023

Objective

Cerebral white matter hyperintensity can lead to cerebral small vessel disease, MRI images in the brain are used to assess the degree of pathological changes in white matter regions. In this paper, we propose a framework for automatic 3D segmentation of brain white matter hyperintensity based on MRI images to address the problems of low accuracy and segmentation inhomogeneity in 3D segmentation. We explored correlation analyses of cognitive assessment parameters and multiple comparison analyses to investigate differences in brain white matter hyperintensity volume among three cognitive states, Dementia, MCI and NCI. The study explored the correlation between cognitive assessment coefficients and brain white matter hyperintensity volume.

Methods

This paper proposes an automatic 3D segmentation framework for white matter hyperintensity using a deep multi-mapping encoder-decoder structure. The method introduces a 3D residual mapping structure for the encoder and decoder. Multi-layer Cross-connected Residual Mapping Module (MCRCM) is proposed in the encoding stage to enhance the expressiveness of model and perception of detailed features. Spatial Attention Weighted Enhanced Supervision Module (SAWESM) is proposed in the decoding stage to adjust the supervision strategy through a spatial attention weighting mechanism. This helps guide the decoder to perform feature reconstruction and detail recovery more effectively.

Result

Experimental data was obtained from a privately owned independent brain white matter dataset. The results of the automatic 3D segmentation framework showed a higher segmentation accuracy compared to nnunet and nnunet-resnet, with a p-value of <0.001 for the two cognitive assessment parameters MMSE and MoCA. This indicates that larger brain white matter are associated with lower scores of MMSE and MoCA, which in turn indicates poorer cognitive function. The order of volume size of white matter hyperintensity in the three groups of cognitive states is dementia, MCI and NCI, respectively.

Conclusion

The paper proposes an automatic 3D segmentation framework for brain white matter that achieves high-precision segmentation. The experimental results show that larger volumes of segmented regions have a negative correlation with lower scoring coefficients of MMSE and MoCA. This correlation analysis provides promising treatment prospects for the treatment of cerebral small vessel diseases in the brain through 3D segmentation analysis of brain white matter. The differences in the volume of white matter hyperintensity regions in subjects with three different cognitive states can help to better understand the mechanism of cognitive decline in clinical research.
Greater cognitive reserve is related to lower cortical excitability in healthy cognitive aging, but not in early clinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Buss Stephanie S. , Fried Peter J. , Macone Joanna , Zeng Victor , Zingg Emma , Santarnecchi Emiliano , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Bartrés-Faz David
Published: July 2023

Objective

To investigate the relationship between cortico-motor excitability and cognitive reserve (CR) in cognitively unimpaired older adults (CU) and in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods

Data were collected and analyzed from 15 CU and 24 amyloid-positive AD participants aged 50–90 years. A cognitive reserve questionnaire score (CRQ) assessed education, occupation, leisure activities, physical activities, and social engagement. Cortical excitability was quantified as the average amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEP amplitude) elicited with single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation delivered to primary motor cortex. A linear model compared MEP amplitudes between groups. A linear model tested for an effect of CRQ on MEP amplitude across all participants. Finally, separate linear models tested for an effect of CRQ on MEP amplitude within each group. Exploratory analyses tested for effect modification of demographics, cognitive scores, atrophy measures, and CSF measures within each group using nested regression analysis.

Results

There was no between-group difference in MEP amplitude after accounting for covariates. The primary model showed a significant interaction term of group*CRQ (R2adj = 0.18, p = 0.013), but no main effect of CRQ. Within the CU group, higher CRQ was significantly associated with lower MEP amplitude (R2adj = 0.45, p = 0.004). There was no association in the AD group.

Conclusion

Lower cortico-motor excitability is related to greater CRQ in CU, but not in AD. Lower MEP amplitudes may reflect greater neural efficiency in cognitively unimpaired older adults. The lack of association seen in AD participants may reflect disruption of the protective effects of CR. Future work is needed to better understand the neurophysiologic mechanisms leading to the protective effects of CR in older adults with and without neurodegenerative disorders.