bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE OVARIAN RESERVE OF WOMEN WITH CHRONIC SALPINGOOPHORITIS
Authors: Novikova V. A. , Autleva F. R. , Sorochenko A. A. , Fayzullina D. I. , Nurgalieva E. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The research was conducted for the assessment of the impact of chronic salpingoophoritis on the ovarian reserve of women in various phases of reproductive age.

Materials and methods. A prospective, controlled and open cohort study was performed in 2013-2018 (n=202). The main group consisted of women with chronic salpingoophoritis (ChrSO) who applied for preconception consultation (n=138). In accordance with the reproductive age phase, the main group was divided into subgroups: the early reproductive age period (ERP, n=44), the peak reproductive age period (PRP, n=56), the late reproductive period (LRP, n=38). The control group consisted of conditionally healthy women of reproductive age (n=64). The ovarian reserve (OR) was estimated on the basis of the serum level of antimullerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), an ultrasoundbased assessment of the number of antral follicles (AF), and the ovarian volume.

Results. The age of women ranged from 18 to 40 years. Based on the discriminant analysis, it was found that the main indicators determining the specificity of the OR in ChrSO, depending on the phase of reproductive age, are the number of antral follicles, estradiol level and AMH (Wilks’ lambda = 0.35503, p<0.0001). The specificity of the OR of women with ChrSO (difference from the control group), regardless of the phase of reproductive age, initially and when evaluated after 6 months, is determined by the number of AF and the level of estradiol and AMH; the number of AF and AMH is determined with a similar estimate after 12 months. The specificity of the OR in ChrSO, which is dependent on the reproductive age phase, has been proved through the analysis with the neural networks training(the proportion of correct answers is more than 80%). The linear relationships were established between the values of each OR parameter in women with ChrSO. Initially, when estimating after 6 and 12 months, linear regression equations were calculated, allowing the values of individual OR parameters to be calculated over 6 and 12 months.

Conclusion. Chronic salpingoophoritis (ChrSO) is associated with a decrease in ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age. The effect of ChrSO on some parameters of the ovarian reserve depends on the age phase of the reproductive period, which increases with time (after 6, 12 months). The presence of ChrSO in women planning future pregnancies requires preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at preserving the ovarian reserve and the preferred implementation of fertility in early reproductive age before the ovarian reserve starts to decline.
THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF SURGEONS ON THE SAFETY OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
Authors: Ochakovskaya I. N. , Durleshter V. M. , Ni O. G. , Shabanova N. E.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The study was conducted to assess the level of awareness of surgeons about the principles of safe perioperative pharmacotherapy.

Materials and methods. The survey of surgeons was conducted in 2018 on the basis of a questionnaire made by the authors, consisting of 60 questions and tasks, divided into 6 thematic blocks. The respondents had to demonstrate their knowledge both in the field of general principles of safe pharmacotherapy and private issues of using analgesics, anticoagulants, antibiotics in the perioperative period. The results of the survey were assessed as a percentage (proportion of correct answers) individually for each respondent and in total.

Results.The results of the survey showed a lack of a deep understanding of the principles of safe pharmacotherapy in most clinical cases. Despite the fact that a number of answers completely correlated with the positions of evidence-based medicine, in general, there was a lack of systemic knowledge. The survey made it possible to identify those important points that should be first highlighted in the preparation of the training program.

Conclusion.Every doctor should strive to minimize the preventable medical errors associated with pharmacotherapy. This is feasible only in the process of continuous daily learning. Practitioners' interest in the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy and mastering the basic decision-making algorithms for prescribing, controlling safety and cancelling drugs will improve the quality of medical care.
PROGRESS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC LOWER LIMB ISCHEMIA
Authors: Alukhanyan O. A. , Маrtyrosya X. G. , Poluektova I. V. , Avakimyan V. A.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study was conducted to expand the variety of ways for surgical treatment of chronic ischemia of lower limbs complicated by the involvement of the femoropopliteal and pedidial arterial segment.

Materials and methods. The experience of surgical interventions in 43 male patients aged 52-75 suffering from chronic ischemia of lower limbs complicated by the atherosclerotic involvement of the femoropopliteal and pedidial segment has been summarized. According to the classification by A.V. Pokrovskiy, ischemia of the 3rd stage has been determined in 24 patients (55,8%), while ischemia of the 4th stage complicated by necrosis of the toes (critical ischemia) has been determined in other 19 patients (44,2%). All examined patients have undergone the reconstructive interventions using the prepared lateral subcutaneous vein of the upper extremity as a shunt.

Results. During the first day after the operation, the regression of pain syndrome as well as the warming of the lower extremity was indicated in 93% of patients. In 8-12 days after the reconstructive operation, the patients have undergone the 15 necrectomy or toe amputation. In the nearest postoperative period (less than 6 months) no thrombotic complications in the reconstructed segment have been determined. Within the observation period from 6 months to 5 years the bypass patency has been preserved in 71% of patients; ischemia of the 2nd B type has been revealed in all patients with the preserved bypass patency by the clinical examination.

Conclusion. Despite the “forced” character of usage of the prepared V. cephalica due to the absence of “traditional” venous shunts as well as the labor intensity of the method, it allows to expand the variety of ways for surgical treatment of patients suffering from chronic ischemia of lower limbs of the 3rd-4th stages complicated by occlusive involvements of the femoropopliteal and pedidial segment.
ANALYSIS OF MORBIDITY BY INFECTIOUS DERMATOSIS OF THE POPULATION OF KRASNODAR REGION IN THE LAST 5 YEARS
Authors: Gloozmin M. I. , Shevchenko A. G. , Egorova E. V. , Gloozminа M. M.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The aim was to evaluate the epidemiological situation of dermatomycosis and scabies in Krasnodar region, to identify the tendencies and the development trend of the epidemiological situation, as well as the main directions of work retrospectively and in the dynamics of 2013-2017.

Materials and methods. Statistical data forms №9, №34 in the last five years, which shape the incidence of contagious dermatoses in Krasnodar region, were used in the study. The morbidity rate of the population of the region is indirectly linked to macroeconomic and social objective and subjective processes in the society.

Results. The analysis of the incidence of infectious skin diseases (hereinafter – ISD) shows a negative trend for scabies and major dermatomycosis, with the exception of mycosis of the feet and hands, in the studied five-year period. Structural analysis shows the ratio of sex-age categories of patients with different nosologies: the prevalence of the feet and hands mycoses in adult female patients and microsporia in male children. The link between the number of cases of contagious skin diseases and the territorial gradation of patients was considered. Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological situation of dermatomycosis and scabies in Krasnodar region was conducted. Gender, age and territorial aspects of contagious dermatoses, and the development trends were identified over the analyzed period. The factors contributing to the spread of contagious dermatoses were studied: climatic features of the southern region of the Russian Federation, migration flows, and socio-economic declines. The prospects of preventive work include raising public awareness and joint activities with non-medical services with an emphasis on active detection.
TACTICS OF THE SURGEON IN URGENT COMPLICATIONS OF COLON CANCER
Authors: Avakimyan V. A. , Karipidi G. K. , Avakimyan S. V. , Didigov M. T. , Alukhanyan O. A.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The aim of the work is to develop the tactics for the treatment of complicated colon cancer (tumor perforation, tumor bleeding, acute obturation obstruction).

Materials and methods. The clinical development included 324 patients with urgent complications of colon cancer. 269 patients were operated urgently and immediately, 56 operations were deferred. The diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical, laboratory and special research methods (ultrasound, CT, EGD, colonoscopy, histological examination).

Results.Postoperative mortality in urgent complications of colon cancer was 3.5%.

Conclusion.The rationale for the choice of method and volume of surgery, depending on the location and nature of complications of colon cancer, is provided.
ANALYSIS OF THE ADHESION OF MICROORGANISMS TO MODERN BASIC MATERIALS IN PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
Authors: Zudin P. S. , Tsalikova N. A. , Mitronin V. A. , Chunikhin A. A. , Fokina T. Y. , Belozerova N. N. , Zudina M. N. , Kuvaeva M. N.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The research was conducted for the study of the adhesion of samples of the domestic modern photopolymerizable base composite material in comparison with other materials for the manufacture of the denture bases.

Materials and methods.Five samples of the materials were tested to conduct a microbiological study on the subject of primary adhesion of microorganisms to the surface of the base materials. The adhesion of microorganisms to the samples of the base composite materials was assessed using the index method.

Results.As a result of a laboratory research, it can be concluded that the new photopolymerization material «Sample 1» used for the manufacture of the bases for the removable dentures has 1, 19 times lower adhesive activity to the colonyforming Prevotella intermedia microorganisms and Candida krusei mushrooms in comparison with the acrylic plastics and thermoplastic materials «Sample 2»; 1,14 times in comparison with the nylon material «Sample 3» and with the monomer material «Sample 4» with a statistically reliable variable number. It should be noted that the Axil-LC topcoat varnish supplied with the Sample 1 basic material kit increases microbial adhesion by 1.36 times.

Conclusion.The adhesion of microorganisms to the materials that are used in dental practice is due to the surface tension coefficient – the greater the surface tension coefficient, the higher the probability of adhesion of microorganisms on the surface of these materials. The investigated new photopolymerization material «Sample 1» without coating with a protective varnish showed low adhesion to all major pathogens. Covering with a protective lacquer design, which is a part of the set of the material, significantly increases the adhesion of microorganisms on the surface of the material. The established indexes of microorganisms adhesion to the material «Sample 1» allow us to recommend it for the manufacture of bases for temporary dentures and immediate dentures in the treatment at the stages of dental implantation.
PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAVOLCANIC ROCKS OF THE MOUNTAIN CRIMEA
Authors: Frolova J. V. , Ladygin V. V. , Spiridonov E. M. , Ovsyannikov G. N.
Published: December 2018

The article considers the petrogenetic features of the volcanogenic rocks of the Middle Jurassic age of the Mountain Crimea and analyzes their influence on physical (density, porosity, water absorption, and magnetic susceptibility) and physical-mechanical properties (strength, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson's ratio). Among volcanogenic strata there are subvolcanic, effusive and volcanogenic-clastic rocks. All volcanic rocks were altered under the influence of the regional low-grade metamorphism of the zeolite and prehnite-pumpellyite facies, which resulted in a greenstone appearance. Among the secondary mineral the most common are albite, chlorite, quartz, adularia, sericite, calcite, pumpellyite, prenite, zeolites, epidote, sphene, and clay minerals. It is shown that low-grade metamorphism is characterized by heterogenious transformations: there are both slightly modified, practically fresh differences, and fully altered rocks. Tuffs are usually altered to a greater extent than effusive and subvolcanic rocks. In general, effusive and volcanogenic-clastic rocks differ markedly in their physicalmechanical properties, which is due to the peculiarities of their formation: the former are substantially more dense and stronger, less porous and compressible. However, these differences are leveled as a result of intensive changes in mineral composition and porosity in the process of low-grade metamorphism. The most characteristic values of metavolcanite properties were revealed. It is shown that among all studied parameters, the magnetic susceptibility most clearly correlates with the degree of rocks alteration.
THE EFFECT OF STRESS PRESSURE ON THE FORMATION OF BOUND WATER IN KAOLIN CLAY
Authors: Seredin V. V. , Medvedeva N. A. , Anukhina A. V. , Andrianov A. V.
Published: December 2018

Clays during lithogenesis change the composition, structure and properties, including the physicochemical ones. Some researchers present the results of studying changes in the properties of bound water in clays under the influence of increasing temperatures and pressures. When compaction of water-saturated clays, the “free” water of large pores is removed first, then under loads of 1–3 MPa -- osmotic water, and at a pressure of more than 10 MPa, the removal of “structured hydrated layers” of adsorption-bound water begins. According to the literature,several layers of water closest to a solid surface, corresponding to clay moisture close to “maximum hygroscopic” are not pressed by loads of tens of MPa, and “monolayers” of hundreds of MPa. However, despite existing publications on this issue, experimental information is notenough. The work is devoted to the influence of stress pressure on the formation of bound water in kaolin clay. In the course of experimental studies it was found that stress pressure has a multidirectional effect on the gradient of the removed mass of bound water in clays. This isdue to the fact that that when treating kaolin clay with stress pressure, defects are formed on the surface and “inside” of particles (aggregates, colloids and crystallites). Such surface imperfections form the energy potential of the particles, which determines the sorptionactivity of the clays. During the comparison of direct and indirect criteria, it was found that the most significant influence on the formation of the energy potential of particles is exerted by pressure in the range of P = 0 ÷ 125 MPa. With increasing load up to P = 800 MPa, it is quitedifficult to establish the effect of stress pressure on the formation of the energy potential. Thus, under technogenic impact on kaolin clay, its energy potential changes and, as a result, physicochemical properties, including the content of bound water.
Current problems of the tax system in the digital economy
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: December 2018

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The influence of FinTech on the Banking Sector Security
Authors: Bakulina A. A. , Popova V. V.
Published: December 2018

The main target of the Russian Federation Government and the Central Bank of Russia after the financial crisis is the restoration of the banking system stability and the public confidence alongside the rapid promotion of financial technologies (FinTech) expected to revolutionize the banking sector. The growing popularity of the FinTech is a positive trend which brings not only opportunities but also risks to the banking sphere. The purpose of the research was to identify the key FinTech risks affecting the security in the banking sector. Based on the results of the risk analysis, methods to ensure the safe development of the FinTech industry and mechanisms for minimizing and preventing the negative impact of the FinTech on the banking sector were developed. It is concluded that the elimination of the FinTech risks in the banking sector will lead to the emergence of a new financial industry where the FinTech will take central stage.
The Dividend Policy of High-Tech Companies in the Digital Economy
Authors: Shchurina S. V. , Mustafina E. F.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the improvement of the dividend policy of high-tech companies. The purpose of the work was to develop recommendations for improving the dividend policy to ensure the stable development of companies and increase their value based on comparison of the US and Russian practices. The performance indices of the company’s dividend policy are calculated. Recommendations on improving the dividend policy are given. It is concluded that US companies do not have a positive correlation between the market price of a share and the dividend per share, and the dividends payout ratio has a tendency to decreasing in comparison with the share buyback ratio, which is associated with a high level of return on equity. The borrowed capital costs US companies cheaper, so they actively pursue the buyback policy rather than paying cash dividends. Russian companies that have worse ROE indicators are recommended to reduce their equity by buying back their own shares and reduce the cash dividend payment base.
Improving the Personal Taxation in OECD countries and the Russian Federation
Authors: Vylkova E. S. , Tarasevich A. L.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the study is the trends in the reform of the personal income taxation carried out in OECD countries. The purpose of the study was to pinpoint the areas for further improvement of the labor taxation in the Russian Federation. The analysis of labor tax revenues in foreign countries and the Russian Federation demonstrates their important place in budget revenues. It is shown that in the Russian Federation the share of PIT revenues is less and the share of insurance premium receipts is larger compared to the similar tax revenues for OECD countries at average. The analysis of the tax reforms in the OECD countries aimed at altering the PIT tax base made it possible to formulate proposals regarding the use of foreign experience for the development of business activities of the population by making use of tax incentives to stimulate investment, innovations and entrepreneurship as well as to attract productive and qualified taxpayers.
The Doctrine and the Strategy as the Basis for Business Growth
Authors: Goloskokov L. V.
Published: December 2018

The paper examines the Russian strategies and doctrines to see if they contain fundamental provisions that can stimulate the national business in general and business activities of individuals. The subject of the study is the errors of legislators caused by the fact that the multiplicity of strategies developed has converted the strategic approach to tactical approaches and led to the loss of the main goal fixed in Art. 7 of the Russian Constitution — building “a social State whose policy is aimed at creating conditions for a worthy life and a free development of man”. The purposes of the study were to assess the consequences of common and individual errors made by the legislators, reveal important provisions of the strategies lost during legal and economic transformations and find ways to solve problems encountered. It it concluded that the country’s development strategies should be revised and updated based on the constitutional provisions and with account for the interests of an ordinary person in order to enhance the business activity of all citizens and the national business as a whole.
Tax Consulting as a Tool to Support Business Activities of Organizations
Authors: Baburyan L. M.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is tax consulting aimed at ensuring the proper business activity of organizations. The purpose of the research was is to substantiate the need for the tax consulting as a special tool for supporting corporate business activities. The paper deals with the current specifics of the tax consulting as a separate area of the service economy within the framework of the service-dominant logic concept that reflects the degree of involvement of all participants of financial relations in the tax consulting processes. From the standpoint of institutionalism, the tax consulting institution is regarded as a financial intermediary performing mediation or auxiliary functions to ensure interactions between basic agents of the economic system, in particular, communications between the state and business entities. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that a developed tax consulting institution as an integrated attribute of the tax system determines the levels of corporate business activities and business development. The research findings are intended for participants of the tax consulting and auditing market.
Bolstering the Business Activity and the Fundamental Problem of the National Banking System Reform
Authors: Kropin Yu. A.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the national banking system as part of the country’s monetary system. The purpose of the research was to prove that the national banking system in its current state is fundamentally incapable of supporting business activities in the Russian economy. The paper reveals the reason for such incapability; it is due to the existing contradiction between the whole and the part where the whole is the monetary system of the country having a market nature, and the part is the national banking system that has not changed its structure with the transition from the gold standard to the above-mentioned nature of the monetary system. Within the framework of the latter, banks, in their essence, act as functioning “banknotes”, and as such, they should not be in private ownership or have an interest in making a profit. Meanwhile, they actually behave as commercial companies pursuing their own private interests that do not coincide with the interests of the market (country). Therefore, the modern structure of the national banking system is hampering the country’s economic development. The paper concludes that the current state of affairs must be overcome; the contradiction between the whole and the part should be removed through the conversion of the banking system to a state system in form, private in content and national in essence. In this case, the functioning of the banking system will be directed towards the realization of national interests, the actual support of business activities in the Russian economy.
Business Activity and Assessment of the National Banking System in Terms of the VBM Concept
Authors: Karpenko V. P.
Published: December 2018

The reform of the Russian banking system is being stalled due to the imperfection of existing methods of assessing both the whole market value of business and its banking segment. This circumstance restrains the business activity of Western investors in the Russian financial market, provokes momentary speculative sentiments in it and strengthens crisis factors. The purpose of the research was to reveal the relevance and the possibility of applying the VBM concept, recognized and accepted in the majority of developed economies, to the banking business. The analysis of the works of foreign and domestic authors shows the need for further Russian theoretical developments. It is proved that the banking business market in Russia is undervalued. Based on the aggregate analytical data, the free cash flow to equity (FCFE) of the banking system is calculated. Based on the net profit of the banking system, its market value and the range of values in which it can be found are estimated. It is concluded that the growth of the Russian banking system measured in terms of capital and assets does not lead, as a minimum, to the growth of the market value, and, as a maximum, is accompanied by a decline in the market value. The prospects of the practical use of the VBM concept both for individual bank management and for the industry in the whole are substantiated.
Promotion of the Business Activity in Modern Russia: Successful Practices
Authors: Kolodnyaya G. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the practice of boosting the business activity in the medium-sized and small businesses in the domestic economy. The purpose of the research was to assess the effectiveness of financial and non-financial tools for supporting the business activity in the modern domestic economy. It is shown that the inefficiency of the Russian financial market is mitigated by the state through the formation of an institutional business-friendly environment and development institutions such as the Industrial Development Fund, the SME Corporation, the Russian Export Center, etc. The paper pays special attention to the assessment of the project related to the development of high-tech medium-sized companies — “National Champions”. It is concluded that in the modern domestic economy of the recent years the business vector tends to shift towards the preferential use of non-financial tools for supporting business activities.
Program-Target Budgeting as a Tool for Investment Stimulation of Business
Authors: Masterov A. I.
Published: December 2018

The paper discusses the use of the program-targeted budgeting methodology in the investment stimulation of business in the most problem sectors of the economy. The subject of the study is the dynamics of business activity in key economic sectors adversely affected by factors of the economic and geopolitical nature. The purposes of the study were to identify the key factors that have a negative impact on economic growth and seek options for investment stimulation of business activities in the most problem sectors of the economy using state budget funds. It is concluded that the current practice of budget investment is associated with significant risks and poor justification of investment decisions. Therefore, the American practice of the program budgeting in the implementation of large investment infrastructure projects using budget funds seems to be advantageous. Based on the research findings, methods for increasing the effectiveness of program-target budgeting tools under the Russian conditions are proposed.
Specifics of the Discount Rate Calculaton in the Business Valuation
Authors: Grigoryev V. V.
Published: December 2018

The paper examines two main methods of the discount rate calculation for business valuation: cumulative and weighted average capital cost (WACC), discloses the importance of business valuation for improving the business activity of a company, proposes the principles of the discount rate calculation, examines ways to determine additional risks in the implementation of the cumulative method, and analyzes the costs of the equity and borrowed capital in the implementation of the WACC method. The purpose of the research was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the methods for calculating cash flow discount rates for equity capital and for all invested capital. The research resulted in the development of methods for measuring additional risks in the calculation of the cash flow discount rate for equity and identifying risks in the calculation of the weighted average discount rate of the cash flow for the total invested capital. The research findings can be used for boosting business activities as well as for business valuation and management. It is concluded that every percent of additional risk in the discount rate calculation increases the size of the rate and reduces the cost of a valuated business.
Transformation of Scientific Approaches to the Practice of Regulating the Socio-Economic Development of a Region
Authors: Molchanova N. P.
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with the methodology and practice of the state regulation of the regional economy based on the legislative framework and works of Russian scientists in the historical context with account for the specifics of the current period of market transformation. The subject of research is organizational and economic relations, aimed at improving the management efficiency of regional socio-economic development. The purpose of research was to identify the key problems of the regional economy regulation preventing the balanced functioning of administrative-territorial entities and substantiate the need to boost measures of state support. Based on the dialectical cognition method and the system approach, the positions of leading scientists and scientific schools on topical issues of the regional economy as a scientific discipline were analyzed, which made it possible to identify the main reasons hampering socio-economic transformations and justify measures for running a more active regional policy. It is concluded that consistent improvement of methodological and organizational approaches creates prerequisites for improving the results of the socio-economic development at the regional level; however, in the current situation of the macroeconomic instability serious problems may arise to be resolved primarily by the state regulation.
Regional Integration as a Factor of Boosting Social and Economic Development: EU Case Study
Authors: Abdikeev N. M. , Bogachev Yu. S. , Moreva E. L.
Published: December 2018

The paper analyzes the management experience of regional integration within the EU to ensure its social and economic development as well as transition to the digital economy. The subject of research is to assess the possibilities of regional integration as a tool for solving problems that cannot be resolved by the efforts of individual countries. The purpose of research was to analyze the EU economic policy measures aiming at enhanced social and economic development of the region and the transition to the digital economy in the period after the adoption of Junker’s plan and the single market strategy and, based on the above, determine the system principles of these policies and evaluate the effectiveness of the carried out activities in terms of whether the results obtained can be used for members of other regional spaces. It is concluded that the principles used in the EU for designing tools ensuring social and economic development and the transition to the digital economy in another region proved to be effective and the means of integration based on similar principles can be used to improve the efficiency of managing the socio-economic development of national economies of non-EU countries and promote their digitization.
Long Term Modernization of the Russian Tax Doctrine: Areas of Focus
Authors: Shmelev Yu. D.
Published: December 2018

The subject of research is the tax policy of the Russian Federation and its implementation during the reforms of 1992– 2017. The purpose of the work is to identify taxation problems and develop a concept for the long term modernization of the tax doctrine as well as ways for its practical implementation. The author analyzes results achieved in the course of reforms and also identifies unresolved problems. Based on the assessment of the state’s social and economic strategy and tax doctrine, it is concluded that due to the lack of a clearly formulated tax doctrine, the tax policy was inconsistent and unsystematic. The suggested concept of long-term modernization of the tax doctrine (till 2030) along with ways for its practical implementation would allow to solve the main welfare state task proclaimed in Art. 7 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation: to reach a distinctly superior level of social development characterized by the principles of social justice enshrined in law.
Social Imperatives of Economic Development
Authors: Tkachenko A. A.
Published: December 2018

The paper analyzes social imperatives in Russian society in the 2010s in the context of the ongoing reforms and tasks arising from the presidential decrees of 2012 and 2018. The subject of research is the social and economic implications of the population aging and their impact on the state macroeconomic policy. The purpose of research was to identify the real problems of demographic aging and differences in approaches to their solution in developed countries and in Russia. The paper also analyzes the experience of the retirement-age increase in the OECD countries and substantiates the conclusion about its fundamental difference from the Russian reform of 2018 characterized by the socially dangerous transition speed. It is concluded that the economic activity of elderly people in the Russian economy is increasing and has an impact on its future even without raising the retirement age; the real demographic burden of the elderly is revealed which in Russia is much lower at present and in the long term, therefore, there can be no arguments in favor of the reforms carried out. The niche of social transformations related to the growing share of the «NEET» generation unused in the state policy is demonstrated.
Priority Socio-Economic Development Areas: Their Effectiveness and Role in the Formation of an Optimal Tax Burden
Authors: Kakaulina M. O.
Published: December 2018

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that priority socio-economic development areas (PSEDA) can be viewed as «growth points» for regional economies and are positioned as areas enjoying preferential taxation treatment. In this regard, it is extremely important to assess the optimality of the current tax burden level in a PSEDA with respect to resident enterprises. The purpose of research was a comprehensive study of a PSEDA located in the Amur Region by evaluating the effectiveness of the PSEDA operation; construction of an econometric model for assessing the impact of the tax burden on GRP growth due to the PSEDA establishment; comparison of the optimal and actual tax burden levels in the PSEDA. Based on the research findings, it has been concluded that by establishing an optimal tax burden in a PSEDA through granting special personal income tax benefits, it is possible to create a favorable tax climate in the entire region containing priority development areas. This will contribute to the accelerated economic development of a Russian region and fast relaxation of budget revenues lost in connection with granted incentives.
Study on Seismic Dynamic Response of Shallow-Buried Subway Station Structure and Ancillary Facilities
Authors: Peng Miao , Cui Wei Jian
Published: December 2018

Strong earthquakes can cause damages to structural members and also yield non-negligible damages to nonstructural facilities, the latter being closely related to earthquake-induced inertial forces. At present, the acceleration response regularity of shallow-buried subway station structure is not very clear. Using the finite-element software ABAQUS, a dynamic soil-structure interaction model for a two-story subway station structure is established. The distribution of the peak acceleration response of the structure is obtained, and the damage assessment of non-structural facilities is carried out based on the structural acceleration response. The results demonstrate that, in general, the peak acceleration responses of the subway station structure increase from lower to upper story levels, while the peak acceleration responses at the same height are practically equal. Moreover, the peak accelerations of a shallow-buried subway station structure are generally less than or close to the peak ground acceleration. Furthermore, the nonstructural facilities are slightly damaged when subjected to a peak bedrock input acceleration of 0.1 g, and moderately damaged under a peak bedrock input acceleration in the range 0.2 – 0.6 g. Based on the acceleration response characteristics, it is proposed that the peak surface acceleration can be used as an index to evaluate the damage of non-structural facilities in shallow-buried subway station structure, which is simple, practical and basically meets the precision requirements.
Versions of Fiber-Optic Sensors for Monitoring the Technical Condition of Aircraft Structures
Authors: Lvov Nikolai , Khabarov Stanislav , Todorov Aleksander , Barabanov Aleksander
Published: December 2018

It is necessary to monitor the technical condition of various equipment due to the increased requirements for the safe operation of complex technical objects, such as bridges, structures, aircraft, cars and others. Monitoring systems based on the use of fiber-optic sensors measuring various physical quantities (temperature, deformation, pressure, vibration, etc.) are increasingly used for these purposes, since they have significant advantages over electrical sensors. The aim of the study is to compare the various options for the implementation of fiber-optic strain sensors to monitor the stress-strain state of the monitored object. A theoretical and experimental comparison of three types of fiber-optic sensors was carried out: on a mechanical fastener, sensors glued to the surface of a monitored design, and sensors embedded in a polymeric composite material at the stage of its manufacture. The requirements for the elements of the onboard systems of the aircraft according to the document “Environmental conditions and test procedures for airborne equipment QR-160D” are selected as comparison parameters. To assess the characteristics of various types of fiber-optic strain sensors, comparative bench mechanical and environmental tests were carried out. According to the test results, it was concluded that each type of sensor has its own advantages and disadvantages in comparison with each other, and in general, each of them can be used to create new standard systems for structural health monitoring of various units and structures of the aircraft (SHM systems). Also, the article proposed a new method of gluing a fiber-optic sensor to a controlled structure. This method - the use of specialized equipment, providing convenience and stability of gluing.
Improving Flexural Behavior of Textile Reinforced Concrete One Way Slab by Removing Weft Yarns with Different Percentages
Authors: Hussien Omar Hamid , Ibrahim Amer M. , Abd Suhad M.
Published: December 2018

Textile reinforced concrete that developed at recent years is composed of the continuous textile fabric incorporated into the cementitious matrix. The geometry of the textile reinforcements has a great influence on the TRC overall behavior since it affects the bond efficiency perfectly. The effect of weft yarns removing on the flexural behavior of (1500 × 500 × 50) mm one way slabs was investigated, eight layers of the carbon fabric were used with (50%, 67% and 75%) removing of weft yarns in addition to one specimen without removing. The four one- way slabs were casted by hand lay-up method, cured for (28) days and tested in flexure using four points method. The bending capacity and the bond efficiency factor were calculated according to the conditions of the equilibrium models by comparing with experimental results. The results revealed that with higher removing proportion there was a perfect improvement in the flexural capacity, higher first crack load, eminent post cracking stiffness, higher average concrete strain and lower ultimate mid span deflection and higher toughness and ductility. Furthermore, the results clarified that there is an optimum percent of weft yarns removing at which the damage occurrence around the weft yarns is significantly reduced, and this negative effect constriction overcome the positive anchoring effect.
Element Free Galerkin Post-processing Technique Based Error Estimator for Elasticity Problems
Authors: Ahmed Mohd. , Singh Devender , Desmukh M. Noor
Published: December 2018

The study present a Mesh Free based post-processing technique for asymptotically (upper) bounded error estimator for Finite Element Analyses of elastic problems. The proposed technique uses Galerkin Element Free procedure for recovery of the displacement derivatives over a patch of nodes in radial domains. The radial nodes patches are used to construct the trial shape functions utilizing the moving least-squares (MLS) techniques. The proposed technique has been tested on three benchmark elastic problems discretized using 4-node quadrilateral elements. The recovered nodal stresses are utilized to calculate the error in finite element solution in energy norm. The study also demonstrates adaptive analysis application of proposed error estimator. The performance of proposed error estimator based on mesh independent node patches has been compared with that of mesh dependent node patches based Zienkiewicz-Zhu (ZZ) error estimator on structured and unstructured mesh. The improved results of the proposed error estimator in terms of convergence rate and effectivity are obtained. It is shown that present study incorporates the superiority of the Mesh Free Galerkin method into finite element analysis environment.
Investigating the Influence of Penetration Length of Cut-off Wall on its Dynamic Interaction with Core and Foundation of Earth Dam
Authors: Javanmard Mehran , Mottaghi Reza , Hosseini S. M. Mir Mohammad
Published: December 2018

Seepage and flow of water in the soil is one of the most important issue and effective elements in designing embankment dams. One of the methods to control seepage in alluvial foundation of earth dams is to use a plastic concrete cutoff-wall. For better seepage control, the cutoff-wall extends inside the clayey core as the one of common method of connection of cut-off wall and the core. Due to the stiffness difference of the core material and cutoff-wall, and also due to geological situation, physical and mechanical properties of rock and foundation, interaction of core and foundation with cut-off wall in different static and dynamic load cases is very considerable. Failure of cut-off wall occurs in cut-off wall and core joint.  So the study of their interaction, especially during an earthquake is very important. Karkheh dam cut-off wall with an area of about 150000 m2 is chosen for this study. FLAC software has been used to study the effect of cutoff-wall penetration length variation, inside the clay core of Karkheh earth dam under dynamic loading.  In numerical analysis of Karkheh earth dam model, all construction stages and seepage through dam are modelled. The model is first calibrated according to the results obtained from the dam instrumentations. After calibrating, according to available seismic studies of region, a suitable acceleration was selected and applied to the model. In this research, in order to find the optimum length, the effect of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 meters penetration length of cut-off wall in aforementioned conditions has been investigated. The results of the numerical study showed that the horizontal displacement and the maximum shear strain in the cutoff-wall is occurred adjacent to the clay core and the interface of core and foundation is a critical point for the cut-off wall, and also the stress in cut off wall joint increases with the elongation of penetration depth of the wall.
Aprendizagem invertida e gamificação: metodologias envolventes no ensino da matemática
Authors: Guimarães Daniela , Santos Idalina Lourido , Carvalho Ana Amélia Amorim
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta duas metodologias: (i) a aprendizagem invertida e (ii) a gamificação, implementadas nas aulas de Matemática, nos 7.º e 8.º anos de escolaridade, numa escola pública do norte de Portugal, durante os anos letivos de 2016/2017 e de 2017/2018, no âmbito da iniciativa CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), que consiste no ensino bilingue das disciplinas. Pretende-se analisar o contributo destas metodologias, aliado à integração de ferramentas educativas digitais, na motivação dos alunos e na promoção de aprendizagens mais ativas. Procede-se ao enquadramento teórico subjacente às metodologias adotadas. Descrevem-se os procedimentos utilizados e apresentam-se e discutem-se os resultados obtidos.
A utilização de TDIC em tarefas de avaliação: uma possibilidade para o ensino de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral
Authors: Mendes Marcele Tavares , Trevisan André Luis , Elias Henrique Rizek
Published: December 2018

De encontro a um modelo tradicional de aulas de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral (CDI) em que o professor expõe o conteúdo, dá exemplos e, em seguida, aplica uma prova escrita para verificar se o estudante consegue reproduzir o que foi “passado”, propomos o trabalho com tarefas de avaliação que façam uso de tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDIC), buscando caracterizá-lo como uma prática de investigação e oportunidade de aprendizagem. Subsidiamos a discussão aqui apresentada em dados coletados de quatro tarefas avaliativas em “momentos formais” de avaliação em turmas de CDI. A análise de caráter qualitativa e de cunho interpretativo, buscou: (i) evidenciar potencialidades das tarefas de avaliação em termos de suas possibilidades para experimentação com tecnologias; (ii) promover uma reflexão acerca das oportunidades de aprendizagem geradas nesses “momentos formais” de avaliação.
Trabalhando quadriláteros em smartphones: alunos de uma escola pública descobrindo e produzindo propriedades
Authors: Bairral Marcelo Almeida , Silva Elen Roza da Conceição
Published: December 2018

Dispositivos móveis podem contribuir com os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. O artigo ilustra respostas de alunos e suscita, a partir delas, reflexões sobre descobertas geométricas produzidas por estudantes em atividades com o FreeGeo. A intervenção pedagógica ocorreu em uma turma do Ensino Médio, e as atividades visavam ao aprendizado de quadriláteros com foco na identificação, na conceituação e na análise de propriedades. Foram usadas como forma de coleta de dados: respostas para as tarefas, registros escritos dos pesquisadores, observações e conversas ao longo das aulas. Ações como mexer, mover e aumentar foram evidenciadas na análise e podem passar a compor um novo vocabulário dos sujeitos e das atividades sobre quadriláteros com dispositivos móveis de geometria dinâmica.
Análise matemática e realidade aumentada: um estudo no ensino superior em Portugal
Authors: Cardoso Teresa , Coimbra Teresa , Mateus Artur
Published: December 2018

Neste texto, começamos por definir Realidade Aumentada (RA), enquadrando-a nas tecnologias tridimensionais, referindo a sua importância e atualidade. Depois, num breve estado da arte, apresentamos um mapeamento a partir de estudos que focam a RA em contextos educacionais, nomeadamente no ensino superior e no domínio da matemática.Posteriormente, descrevemos parte do estudo desenvolvido no âmbito do trabalho de doutoramento “As Tecnologias Tridimensionais como contributo para a aprendizagem da Matemática no Ensino Superior”, que teve como objetivo principal contribuir para uma compreensão mais profunda de como as tecnologias tridimensionais podem potenciar o ensino e a aprendizagem da Matemática, no contexto nacional do ensino superior, em particular na área das engenharias.Da análise dos nossos dados e resultados, foi possível concluir que os desafios que se colocam hoje ao nível dos métodos de ensino, da aquisição e consequente consolidação do conhecimento podem ser em parte (cor)respondidos com a aplicação de tecnologias disponíveis, como a RA, que permitam uma compreensão mais completa dos conteúdos, levando à endogeneização  de conhecimento e também à internalização de competências com bases mais sólidas.