bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memórias da “manidade negra” dentro da luta por uma educação democrática
Authors: Cruz Milena Natividade , Marinho Louise
Published: May 2018

A escrita dessa memória surgiu da necessidade subjetiva, psíquica e política de elaborarmos a nossa vivência no Cursinho da Psicologia – USP enquanto educadoras negras, principalmente após tencionarmos a “experiência segura” de educação que se pretende popular, trazendo para o centro das discussões educacionais a questão racial, que, até então, era tratada como temática concernente apenas a uma disciplina da grade educacional, o CRISE (Coletivo de Reflexão e Intervenção sobre o Espaço). A natureza dessa escrita, uma “autorreflexão compartilhada”, nos permitiu interseccionar, na nossa experiência docente, as questões identitárias que nos compõem. Esse exercício narrativo não segue o caminho de nos descobrirmos enquanto “mulheres – professoras – negras”, mas sim, de elaborarmos como produzimos, simultaneamente, a nós e as nossas estratégias pedagógicas, bem como a nossa relação com o corpo docente e discente.
Sangria: palavra de corte de Luiza Romão
Authors: Escaleira Bruna Renata Bernardo
Published: May 2018

Para “escavar” e expor as estruturas machistas que sustentam as ideias dominantes de “Brasil”, a poeta constrói uma linha narrativa que liga um poema ao outro e leva o leitor numa espécie de “epopeia”, misturando as fases da criação nacional aos períodos do ciclo menstrual.
Outcomes and Management of Patients With Severe Pulmonary Vein Stenosis From Prior Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Raeisi-Giglou Pejman , Wazni Oussama M. , Saliba Walid I. , Barakat Amr , Tarakji Khaldoun G. , Rickard John , Cantillon Daniel , Baranowski Bryan , Tchou Patrick J. , Bhargava Mandeep , Dresing Thomas J. , Callahan Thomas D. , Kanj Mohamed , Lindsay Bruce D. , Hussein Ayman A.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis remains a feared complication of atrial fibrillation ablation. Little is known about outcomes in patients with severe PV stenosis, especially about repeat ablations.

Methods:

In 10 368 patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation (2000–2015), computed tomography scans were obtained 3 to 6 months after ablation. The clinical outcomes in severe PV stenosis were determined.

RESULTS:

Severe PV stenosis was diagnosed in 52 patients (0.5%). This involved mostly the left superior PV (51% of severely stenosed veins). Percutaneous interventions were performed in 43 patients, and complications occurred in 5: 3 PV ruptures, 1 stroke, and 1 phrenic injury. Over a median follow-up of 25 months, 41 (79%) patients remained arrhythmia free. Repeat ablation was performed in 15 patients (7 from the main series and 8 from prior ablation at other institutions); of whom 10 had PV stents in place. Conduction recovery was noted in all but 2 of the stenosed or stented PVs, and areas with recovery were targeted with antral ablation. Lasso entrapment within stents occurred in 2 patients but eventually freed without complications. After redo ablation, preplanned stenting was performed in 3 patients and computed tomographic scans showed progression of concomitant stenoses in 1 patient (moderate to severe). No procedure-related deaths occurred.

Conclusions:

The incidence of severe PV stenosis is low but remains associated with significant morbidity. In patients with recurrent arrhythmia, conduction recovery at the stenosed or stented veins is common. Care must be taken to ablate antrally to avoid stenosis progression. In patients with prior PV stents, we suggest to avoid using Lasso.
Genetic Study of White Matter Integrity in UK Biobank (N=8448) and the Overlap With Stroke, Depression, and Dementia
Authors: Rutten-Jacobs Loes C.A. , Tozer Daniel J. , Duering Marco , Malik Rainer , Dichgans Martin , Markus Hugh S. , Traylor Matthew
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—

Structural integrity of the white matter is a marker of cerebral small vessel disease, which is the major cause of vascular dementia and a quarter of all strokes. Genetic studies provide a way to obtain novel insights in the disease mechanism underlying cerebral small vessel disease. The aim was to identify common variants associated with microstructural integrity of the white matter and to elucidate the relationships of white matter structural integrity with stroke, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer disease.

Methods—

This genome-wide association analysis included 8448 individuals from UK Biobank—a population-based cohort study that recruited individuals from across the United Kingdom between 2006 and 2010, aged 40 to 69 years. Microstructural integrity was measured as fractional anisotropy- (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD)-derived parameters on diffusion tensor images. White matter hyperintensity volumes (WMHV) were assessed on T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images.

Results—

We identified 1 novel locus at genome-wide significance (
VCAN
[versican]: rs13164785;
P
=3.7×10
−18
for MD and rs67827860;
P
=1.3×10
−14
for FA). LD score regression showed a significant genome-wide correlation between FA, MD, and WMHV (FA-WMHV rG 0.39 [SE, 0.15]; MD-WMHV rG 0.56 [SE, 0.19]). In polygenic risk score analysis, FA, MD, and WMHV were significantly associated with lacunar stroke, MD with major depressive disorder, and WMHV with Alzheimer disease.

Conclusions—

Genetic variants within the
VCAN
gene may play a role in the mechanisms underlying microstructural integrity of the white matter in the brain measured as FA and MD. Mechanisms underlying white matter alterations are shared with cerebrovascular disease, and inherited differences in white matter microstructure impact on Alzheimer disease and major depressive disorder.
Synergistic Effects of Enriched Environment and Task-Specific Reach Training on Poststroke Recovery of Motor Function
Authors: Jeffers Matthew Strider , Corbett Dale
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—

Reach training in concert with environmental enrichment provides functional benefits after experimental stroke in rats. The present study extended these findings by assessing whether intensive task-specific reach training or enrichment initiated alone would provide similar functional benefit. Additionally, we investigated whether the 70% recovery rule, or a combined model of initial poststroke impairment, cortical infarct volume, and rehabilitation intensity, could predict recovery in the single-pellet task, as previously found for the Montoya staircase.

Methods—

Rats were trained on single-pellet reaching before middle cerebral artery occlusion via intracerebral injection of ET-1 (endothelin-1). There were 4 experimental groups: stroke+enrichment, stroke+reaching, stroke+enrichment+reaching, and sham+enrichment+reaching. Reaching rehabilitation utilized a modified Whishaw box that encouraged impaired forelimb reaching for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. All treatment paradigms began 7 days after ischemia with weekly assessment on the single-pellet task during rehabilitation and again 4 weeks after rehabilitation concluded.

Results—

Rats exposed to the combination of enrichment and reaching showed the greatest improvement in pellet retrieval and comparable performance to shams after 3 weeks of treatment, whereas those groups that received a monotherapy remained significantly impaired at all time points. Initial impairment alone did not significantly predict recovery in single-pellet as the 70% rule would suggest; however, a combined model of cortical infarct volume and rehabilitation intensity predicted change in pellet retrieval on the single-pellet task with the same accuracy as previously shown with the staircase, demonstrating the generalizability of this model across reaching tasks.

Conclusions—

Task-specific reach training and environmental enrichment have synergistic effects in rats that persist long after rehabilitation ends, and this recovery is predicted by infarct volume and rehabilitation intensity.
Pleurothallis hawkingii and Pleurothallis vide-vallis (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), two new species from Cordillera de Guanacaste in Costa Rica
Authors: KARREMANS ADAM P. , JIMÉNEZ JOSÉ ESTEBAN
Published: May 2018

Two new species of Pleurothallis are described from the Cordillera de Guanacaste in northern Costa Rica. Both novelties belong to Pleurothallis sect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae, among which they can be recognised by their fasciculate inflorescence with numerous simultaneously produced flowers, a rare feature in the species-rich group. This feature is shared with Pleurothallis bothros, putatively their closest relative. Both novelties may be distinguished from that species by their non-spreading (vs. spreading), pale yellow to pinkish flowers (vs. green) and broad, oblique petals (vs. narrow, straight). Pleurothallis hawkingii can be easily distinguished from Pleurothallis vide-vallis by its broader panduriform lip with raised margins and depressed basal glenion (vs. narrow lanceolate lip, lacking raised margins, with the glenion raised on a high basal callus).
A new species of Nagumoea (Bacillariophyta) from Antarctica, and a further consideration of the systematic position of the genus
Authors: VAN DE VIJVER BART , KOCIOLEK J. PATRICK
Published: May 2018

Nagumoea livingstonensis sp. nov., a new diatom species is described from a coastal pool on the Maritime Antarctic Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations. A morphological comparison is made with the two other known Nagumoea taxa. The new species can be separated by the clear hyaline line between the valve face and mantle areolae, differences in the structure of its a scalariform valvocopula and broader fibulae.                The taxonomic position of the genus Nagumoea is discussed. A placement within the Rhopalodiales is doubtful based on the absence of clover-shaped areolae coverings in Nagumoea making the order of Bacillariales a more probable position.
Eugenia coetzalensis (Myrtaceae), a new species from central Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: DURÁN-ESPINOSA CARLOS , CASTILLO-CAMPOS GONZALO , LÓPEZ-ORTEGA MAURILIO
Published: May 2018

This article describes and illustrates the new species Eugenia coetzalensis, considered as endemic to central Veracruz and northern Oaxaca. E. coetzalensis is part of the tree stratum of the subdeciduous tropical forest, growing on Ortic Luvisol with Lithosol soils, at altitudes ranging from 282 to 507 m elev. This taxon shows similarities with Eugenia praeterita, Eugenia naraveana and Eugenia chahalana; however, there are clear morphological differences that separate them; such as bark color, in leaflet and acumen size, number of secondary veins, racemose inflorescences, and flowers per axilla, as well as the shape and size of its fruits.
Cladocera from the Upper Xingu River Basin with the description of a new genus of the Chydoridae (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Anomopoda)
Authors: SOUSA FRANCISCO DIOGO R. , ELMOOR-LOUREIRO LOURDES M. A.
Published: May 2018

In this study, we investigated cladocerans (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) collected in six water bodies from the Upper Xingu River Basin, Central Brazil. In total, we found eighteen species belonging to three families. Furthermore, we also describe a new and highly specialized genus of Chydoridae. Kisakiellus aweti gen. nov., sp. nov. which shares some morphological traits with members of Chydorinae, particularly the exopodite of the fourth limb armed with seven setae. The new genus bears several autapomorphies and does not exhibit any clear affinities with any other genus of the subfamily. Apparently, K. aweti gen. nov., sp. nov. has a positive rheotactic behavior and the morphological characters related to this habitat trait are discussed. Many regions of the Upper Xingu River Basin are still in need of faunal inventories, a fact that gains more relevance due to the high potential for cryptic biodiversity. So, it is possible that an increase on the sampling effort in this basin will have a positive impact on the known diversity of Cladocera.
Crisis experiences and welfare attitudes during the Great Recession: A comparative study on the UK, Germany and Sweden
Authors: Sachweh Patrick
Published: May 2018

What motivates welfare attitudes during economic crises? While existing research highlights self-interest, this conclusion rests on a predominant conceptualization of citizens’ crisis experiences as personal job loss. However, during economic downturns, people are likely to also witness colleagues or distant others being laid off, which might affect welfare attitudes for reasons beyond self-interest. This article analyses how personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances during the Great Recession is related to welfare attitudes in the UK, Germany and Sweden, where welfare regimes and crisis policies differ systematically. Based on Eurobarometer data from 2010, the findings reveal that the importance of personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances varies cross-nationally. In the liberal UK – with its modest crisis response – demand for greater public welfare provision is associated with personal job loss. In social-democratic Sweden – with its active crisis management – demand for greater welfare provision is associated with acquaintances’ job loss. In conservative Germany – with its labour market insider-focused crisis response – no clear picture emerges. These findings support a sociological perspective emphasizing the importance of other-regarding concerns for welfare attitudes and the role of institutions in structuring people’s self-interest and normative orientations.
Assessing and managing threats to commit a massacre
Authors: Mullen Paul E , Pathé Michele
Published: May 2018

Lone actor attacks like those at Port Arthur and Parklands High School Florida remain rare events though more frequent year by year. Psychiatrist are unlikely to see such killers either before or after an attack. What they do encountered on occasion are patients threatening to commit such a massacre. These threats need to be taken seriously primarily because they usually indicate significant distress but also because there is a remote chance they may try and act on the threat. Threats state an intention with the chances of enactment depending on the degree of commitment. Commitment is reflected in the level of preoccupation, plausibility, planning and preparation. Most threats have no commitment to act being an end in themselves motivated by such things as the desire to express an emotion, the wish to frighten, the attempt to manipulate others, though just occasionally they are a warning with some level of commitment to act. The assessment of threats to commit a massacre is considered in terms of the motivation and apparent commitment. Those who threaten mass killings also differ significantly from Lone Actor Attackers in their clinical pictures which further assists assessment of risk. There are some where doubts remain about the level of threat they present. The management of this group is discussed.
Leucovorin, Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX 4) Regimen for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Waddell J. Aubrey , Russell Martin , Solimando Dominic A.
Published: May 2018

The increasing complexity of cancer chemotherapy heightens the requirement that pharmacists be familiar with these highly toxic agents. This column will review various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of cancer chemotherapy. It will also serve as a review of various agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases.

The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the US Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.
Hospital Reimbursement for Adult Patients with Severe Sepsis Treated with Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated)
Authors: Smith Brian S. , Schroeder Walter S. , Tataronis Gary R.
Published: May 2018

Purpose

Patients with severe sepsis are critically ill and use a high level of health care resources. The high resource utilization and lack of a specific diagnosis related group may lead to a significant loss in revenue for health care organizations secondary to inadequate reimbursement. The primary objective of this study is to quantify the difference in total cost and reimbursement in patients with severe sepsis treated with drotrecogin alfa (activated) (DAA) at our institution.

Methods

All patients between December 2001 and December 2003 diagnosed with severe sepsis and treated with DAA were evaluated. Demographic data, primary payer, diagnosis related group, hospital length of stay, length of medical/surgical stay, length of Intensive Care Unit stay, days on mechanical ventilation, total costs, and total reimbursement were determined by chart review and our institution's information systems.

Results

Data from a total of 71 patients were included. The total treatment cost was $6,294,590, and the total reimbursement received was $4,295,950. This represents a loss of $1,998,640 or $28,150 per patient. The primary factor contributing to this loss was Intensive Care Unit length of stay (P = 0.011).

Conclusion

Management of patients with severe sepsis is costly and strains hospital resources. The current reimbursement system does not allow for appropriate compensation. Therefore, in addition to efforts directed toward improved treatment strategies for severe sepsis, health care practitioners must target interventions to reduce hospital length of stay and maximize reimbursement.
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules (C-II)
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E.
Published: May 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The January 2005 monograph topics are natalizumab, solifenacin succinate, vincristine sulfate liposomes injection, sodium tetradecyl sulfate injection, and testosterone transdermal. The DUE is on natalizumab.
New Drugs Approved by the FDA; New Dosage Forms and Indications; Agents Pending FDA Approval; Significant Labeling Changes Related to Safety
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: May 2018

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, new indications and dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Each month, new information will be added to the table (shown in bold type) and older information will be removed. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information; however, if there are any questions, let us know at hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Recent Publications on Medication and Pharmacy
Authors: Generali Joyce
Published: May 2018

Hospital Pharmacy presents a new feature to keep pharmacists abreast of new publications in the medical/pharmacy literature. Articles of interest will be abstracted monthly regarding a broad scope of topics.
The parameter identification method study of the splice equivalent circuit model for the aerial lithium-ion battery pack
Authors: Wang Shunli , Fernandez Carlos , Liu Xiaohan , Su Jie , Xie Yanxin
Published: May 2018

According to the special condition expression of the aerial lithium-ion battery pack, a novel targeted equivalent model (Splice–Equivalent Circuit Model) is proposed and constructed. The Splice–Equivalent Circuit Model achieves the accurate mathematical expression of the special operating conditions and the working process for the lithium-ion battery pack, which is realized by using the equivalent simulation of different internal effects in the charging and discharging process of the battery pack. The theoretical study and analysis of the working principle is investigated to express the working characteristics of the aerial lithium-ion battery pack together with the experimental analysis. Then, the equivalent circuit model of the aerial lithium-ion battery pack is carried out on the composite construction methods. The experimental studies are carried out in order to identify the parameters of the improved Splice–Equivalent Circuit Model, obtaining respectable identification results of battery equivalent model parameters.
Child welfare NGOs in Hong Kong: Does advocacy work?
Authors: Jordan Lucy P , Chui Cheryl Hiu-Kwan , Forth Marty W
Published: May 2018

This article examined advocacy strategies and barriers of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the child welfare sector in Hong Kong. Drawing on seven case studies, the dynamics between social workers’ role as advocates on one hand, and the need for their organizations to fulfill contractual obligations with the government on the other are revealed. We found that the ambivalent political environment and the subvention system defining existing relationships between the government and NGOs appear to restrict the social work profession’s mandates toward advocacy. Legal reforms that define what is permissible advocacy work by NGOs while protecting their right to do so are urgently needed.
Positive Practices in the Workplace: Impact on Team Climate, Work Engagement, and Task Performance
Authors: Geue Perry E.
Published: May 2018

Positivity in organizations accentuates that which is flourishing and life-giving to discover and promote the best of the human condition, exemplified in the recent focus on positive practices, behaviors that enhance positive affect in employees and lead to organizational performance. A quantitative study of positivity in a team-based food service context elucidated significant relationships between positive practices, social climate, work engagement, and task performance. Finer delineation of positive practices demonstrated the importance of team members discovering meaning in their work through mutual interaction that promotes trust, respect, and confidence, with employees believing the best in one another and inspiring one another in their performance. The findings suggest that in an intensive service climate positivity can foster team member engagement and performance through prosocial actions that demonstrate appreciation, affirmation, and respect, thus promoting greater meaningfulness in work.
Human Trafficking, Victims’ Rights and Fair Trials
Authors: Ward Tony , Fouladvand Shahrzad
Published: May 2018

Cases of human trafficking are known to be difficult to prosecute. In this article we identify several issues in the law of evidence that may contribute to these difficulties. We argue for the victims' rights as an important factor in evidential decisions, coupled with an insistence that such rights cannot trump the defendant's right to a fair trial. Restrictions on evidence of a witness's bad character or sexual history should not be interpreted in such a way as to prevent the defence from introducing evidence, or asking questions, that are of substantial probative value, even if they are potentially distressing to witnesses; but such evidence and questioning should be limited to what is necessary for a fair trial. The protection of victims and witnesses may also justify a relatively flexible approach to the admission of hearsay evidence, which avoids prejudging the truth of a witness's evidence in order to establish that s/he is in fear.
Knowledge and Communication in Democratic Politics: Markets, Forums and Systems
Authors: Benson Jonathan
Published: May 2018

Epistemic questions have become an important area of debate within democratic theory. Epistemic democrats have revived epistemic justification of democracy, while social scientific research has speared a significant debate on voter knowledge. An area which has received less attention, however, is the epistemic case for markets. Market advocates have developed a number of epistemic critiques of democracy which suggest that most goods are better provided by markets than democratic institutions. Despite representing important challenges to democracy, these critiques have gone without reply as democratic theorists have tended to exclude markets from consideration. This article responds to these critiques and argues that there are good epistemic grounds for granting a much greater role to democracy than its market critics have claimed. It argues that there is a broad range of goods, including important ethical goods, which are better provided by democracy than markets due to the particular epistemic burdens they create.
Teacher education in a post-modern liberal democratic society
Authors: Mor Nurit Basman
Published: May 2018

In the last few years, there is a strong inclination to see a technological development, economic growth and social cohesion as the goals of education and therefore teachers are taken to be responsible for social solidarity and for national success in the global economic competition. This paper rejects the reduction of teaching to maximize effective instruction in the service of economic success and group solidarity and therefore resists the utilitarian thrust of much recent policy and practice in teacher education. The main argument is that teachers today are committed to a moral education from the virtue ethics perspective. The role of the teachers in a post-modern democratic society that respects the ideal of autonomy is to seek the development of their students, shaping their character while practicing certain virtues and leading them to a life of individual flourishing and self-fulfilment. Having the ability to cultivate young people character while guiding them towards finding their own ideas about how to lead a valuable life depends on the relationships that teachers and students maintain. The conclusion is that teachers are required to base decisions first and foremost on values like attentiveness, sensitivity, empathy, responsiveness and trust, values which are derived from an ethics of care. An ethics of care is the most suitable ethical framework for guiding teacher's practice nowadays. The paper provides an account of why virtue ethics and an ethics of care, which is sometimes seen as a version of virtue ethics, are the appropriate ethical frameworks for contemporary teacher education.
Improved quasi-static twin-fiber transverse compression of several high-performance fibers
Authors: Guo Zherui , Chen Weinong , Zheng James
Published: May 2018

The method of determining the quasi-static transverse compressive response of several high-performance polymer fibers was improved upon from a previous twin-fiber transverse compression setup in order to detect small initial high compliance signals while maintaining consistent diametral compression. Two fibers were laid parallel between two polished tool steel platens, and the fibers were subsequently compressed using a piezo-electric actuator at quasi-static rates. The new experimental setup ensures that the compression cycle begins when extremely small load signals are detected so that initial elastic transverse moduli may be more accurately measured. Nominal stress–strain curves were obtained for several types of high-performance fibers. The results show good agreement with previously obtained measurements. S-glass fibers exhibited a vastly different mechanical response compared to the polymer fibers.
A Qualitative Exploration of Weight Bias and Quality of Health Care Among Health Care Professionals Using Hypothetical Patient Scenarios
Authors: Seymour Justine , Barnes Jennifer L. , Schumacher Julie , Vollmer Rachel L.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine whether weight bias exhibited by health care professionals (HCPs) impacts quality of health care provided to individuals with obesity. HCPs (n = 220; 88% female, 87% nurses) in the Midwest region of the United States were recruited to complete an online survey. In this within-subjects study design, participants completed the Attitudes Towards Obese Persons (ATOP) scale to assess weight bias and responded to 2 (1 person with obesity and 1 person without obesity) hypothetical patient scenarios to evaluate quality of care. A median split was calculated for ATOP scores to divide participants into high or low weight bias groups. Within these groups, thematic analysis was used to uncover themes in quality of care based on participants’ responses to each scenario. The analysis revealed that HCPs in the high weight bias group gave specific diet and exercise recommendations, offered health advice regarding weight loss, and used less teaching discourse when responding to the patient with obesity. In addition, in both weight bias groups, patients with obesity were started on pharmaceutical therapies sooner. The findings of this study suggest a need to educate HCPs on the importance of empathy and compassion when providing treatment to all patients, regardless of weight, to increase quality of care and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Impact of Using iPad Tablets in a Construction Communication Graphics Class: Evaluation Based on System Usability Scale
Authors: Escamilla Edelmiro F. , Ostadalimakhmalbaf Mohammadreza , Pariafsai Fatemeh , Ranka Nikhil , Danesh Mohammadmehdi , Naderi Alizadeh Mohammadhossein
Published: May 2018

As the construction industry advances technologically, it becomes imperative to introduce the respective information technology tools to present-day curriculum. This research study was conducted to identify any significant differences in student performance contributed by using an information technology tool, specifically the Apple® iPad® tablet. IPad tablets were used to electronically present construction drawings to a treatment group, and a control group was given traditional paper drawings. Following an instructional lecture, students were given a test based on the provided construction drawings. The test results indicate that there was no significant difference in performance between students who used the information technology tool to complete the test and those who used traditional paper drawings to complete the same test. The treatment group also answered a usability survey, which helped to comprehend how students perceive the tablet’s usability. Students indicated that they would like to use the tool in the future.
Top Down or Bottom Up? Public Control of the Armed Forces in Post–Soviet Russia
Authors: Douglas Nadja
Published: May 2018

This article engages in an analysis of contemporary relations between civic actors and state power structures, notably the military organization, in the Russian Federation. The main focus is on the complex tension and interaction between state-sanctioned forms of control of the armed forces and public control, exercised by grassroots actors. The underlying assumption is that an institutionalization of control of state power structures is taking place in Russia. The article seeks to understand whether these processes are prevalently a top-down or a bottom-up phenomenon, how public control as a “civic duty” can be effectively characterized, and what implications this has for Russian civic activism more generally.
Identifying positive deviants in healthcare quality and safety: a mixed methods study
Authors: O’Hara Jane K , Grasic Katja , Gutacker Nils , Street Andrew , Foy Robbie , Thompson Carl , Wright John , Lawton Rebecca
Published: May 2018

Objective

Solutions to quality and safety problems exist within healthcare organisations, but to maximise the learning from these positive deviants, we first need to identify them. This study explores using routinely collected, publicly available data in England to identify positively deviant services in one region of the country.

Design

A mixed methods study undertaken July 2014 to February 2015, employing expert discussion, consensus and statistical modelling to identify indicators of quality and safety, establish a set of criteria to inform decisions about which indicators were robust and useful measures, and whether these could be used to identify positive deviants.

Setting

Yorkshire and Humber, England.

Participants

None - analysis based on routinely collected, administrative English hospital data.

Main outcome measures

We identified 49 indicators of quality and safety from acute care settings across eight data sources. Twenty-six indicators did not allow comparison of quality at the sub-hospital level. Of the 23 remaining indicators, 12 met all criteria and were possible candidates for identifying positive deviants.

Results

Four indicators (readmission and patient reported outcomes for hip and knee surgery) offered indicators of the same service. These were selected by an expert group as the basis for statistical modelling, which supported identification of one service in Yorkshire and Humber showing a 50% positive deviation from the national average.

Conclusion

Relatively few indicators of quality and safety relate to a service level, making meaningful comparisons and local improvement based on the measures difficult. It was possible, however, to identify a set of indicators that provided robust measurement of the quality and safety of services providing hip and knee surgery.
Lag as moderator meta-analysis: A methodological approach for synthesizing longitudinal data
Authors: Card Noel A.
Published: May 2018

Longitudinal data are common and essential to understanding human development. This paper introduces an approach to synthesizing longitudinal research findings called lag as moderator meta-analysis (LAMMA). This approach capitalizes on between-study variability in time lags studied in order to identify the impact of lag on estimates of stability and longitudinal prediction. The paper introduces linear, nonlinear, and mixed-effects approaches to LAMMA, and presents an illustrative example (with syntax and annotated output available as online Supplementary Materials). Several extensions of the basic LAMMA are considered, including artifact correction, multiple effect sizes from studies, and incorporating age as a predictor. It is hoped that LAMMA provides a framework for synthesizing longitudinal data to promote greater accumulation of knowledge in developmental science.
Enterprise search and discovery capability: The factors and generative mechanisms for user satisfaction
Authors: Cleverley Paul H , Burnett Simon
Published: May 2018

Many organisations are re-creating the ‘Google-like’ experience behind their firewall to exploit their information. However, surveys show dissatisfaction with enterprise search is commonplace. No prior study has investigated unsolicited user feedback from an enterprise search user interface to understand the underlying reasons for dissatisfaction. A mixed-methods longitudinal study was undertaken analysing feedback from over 1000 users and interviewing search service staff in a multinational corporation. Results show that 62% of dissatisfaction events were due to human (information and search literacy) rather than technology factors. Cognitive biases and the ‘Google Habitus’ influence expectations and information behaviour and are postulated as deep underlying generative mechanisms. The current literature focuses on ‘structure’ (technology and information quality) as the reason for enterprise search satisfaction, agency (search literacy) appears downplayed. Organisations which emphasise ‘systems thinking’ and bimodal approaches towards search strategy and information behaviour may improve capabilities.
The haunted theatre
Authors: Cochrane Claire
Published: May 2018

Forests, the production by the iconoclastic Spanish-Catalan director Calixto Bieito staged at the ‘Old’ Birmingham Repertory Theatre in September 2012, functions here as the starting point for an exploration of the way a radical revisioning of Shakespeare in performance stimulated through an engagement with European modernism began in this now venerable theatre over 100 years ago. What was dubbed Bieito’s ‘epic arboreal mash-up’ was I suggest haunted by the material traces of groundbreaking past performances mounted by the Rep’s founder Barry Jackson, which included the first Shakespeare in modern-dress productions of the 1920s and the highly influential 1951–53 staging of the Henry VI trilogy.
Comparing the Urban Impacts of the FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games From 2010 to 2016
Authors: Müller Martin , Gaffney Christopher
Published: May 2018

At a cost of often more than US$10 billion, mega-events such as the Olympic Games and the FIFA Men’s World Cup are the single most transformative urban project in many host cities for decades. This article develops an analytical matrix for comparing the impacts of these events on cities and proposes a case survey method to apply this matrix to six recent sports mega-events: the Olympic Games in Vancouver, London, Sochi, and Rio de Janeiro and the FIFA Men’s World Cups in South Africa and Brazil. We find that for the events in our sample, it is not so much the event itself, but the political and economic contexts that most influence impacts. Cities in democracies with more market-led economies experienced fewer adverse impacts and were better able to use the event for urban development than those in less democratic countries with more state-led economies. None of the cities, however, was able to avoid negative impacts.
Assessing the Realism of Police Series: Audience Responses to the Russian Television Series Glukhar’
Authors: Khitrov Arsenii
Published: May 2018

This study builds upon and expands existing research on the perceived realism of media texts. I study debates that took place across several online forums about Russia’s most famous police series Glukhar’ at a time during which police legitimacy in many countries, including Russia, was in crisis. I address the questions of how media users assess the realism of Glukhar’ online. I outline 13 means of realism evaluation that media users employ, offering a more systematic and detailed model than those proposed by existing studies. I argue that media users’ concern with realism of fictional texts signals their longing for interpretations of the social issues which they think the text refers to. I conclude that media users indeed refer to the real police when they discuss the fictional police, and I identify four patterns in these discussions. I hypothesize that the openness of digital communication might motivate media users to evaluate a media text’s realism because they might believe that collectively they will be able to do this accurately.
Longitudinal associations among routine disclosure, the parent–child relationship, and adolescents’ prosocial and delinquent behaviors
Authors: Padilla-Walker Laura M. , Son Daye
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore whether routine child disclosure to parents was longitudinally related to adolescent prosocial and delinquent outcomes via the parent–child relationship (parental knowledge, parental autonomy granting, and parental warmth/support). The participants included 463 adolescents (48% male, 73% European American, 37% single parent families) and their mothers and fathers who completed questionnaires across three waves from early to late adolescence ( M age of adolescent at Time 1 = 13 years old, Time 3 = 17 years old). The results showed that routine child disclosure was longitudinally associated with prosocial behavior toward family via greater parental warmth. Child disclosure was negatively related to delinquency via parental knowledge. Implications regarding the role of child disclosure on the parent–child relationship and the development of adolescent behavior are discussed.
After the end: Linguistic predictors of psychological distress 4 years after marital separation
Authors: Bourassa Kyle J. , Hasselmo Karen , Sbarra David A.
Published: May 2018

Divorce is a stressful life event that is associated with increased risk for poor mental and physical health. A key goal for research in this area is to understand individual differences in who fares well or poorly over time, and whether behavioral markers of risk immediately after a separation predict longer term adjustment. This article investigates psychological distress in a sample of separated adults ( N = 134, 84 of whom completed all follow-up assessments) who participated in an initial study and a follow-up assessment approximately 4.5 years later. Using multiple regression we examined whether two linguistic behaviors—the use of words from categories such as first-person pronouns and present tense words (verbal immediacy) and first-person plural pronouns (we-talk; e.g., “we” or “our”)—predicted self-reported psychological distress at follow-up. Increased use of first-person plural pronouns predicted greater psychological distress 4.5 years after marital separation. Additional analyses revealed that this effect was driven largely by differences in self-concept disturbance over time. The extent to which people use first-person plural pronouns following marital separation predicts increased risk for psychological distress years later, and this behavioral indicator may identify people who are at greater risk for poor adjustment over time.
Mothers’ rejection sensitivity and their information processing of possible social rejection of their child
Authors: Harel-Zeira Noga , Gur-Yaish Nurit , Sher-Censor Efrat , Shiff Hadas
Published: May 2018

Parents often guide the interactions of their young children with their peers. Identifying factors that may shape parents’ behaviors in such situations is thus important. The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal rejection sensitivity (RS) would be related to mothers’ responses to challenges in their children’s peer interactions. Specifically, we examined whether mothers’ RS would be associated with their information processing of hypothetical events that may suggest rejection of their child by her/his peers. Two hundred nineteen mothers of preschool- and kindergarten-aged children completed an online survey. To assess RS, mothers completed the Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. Mothers were also presented with five ambiguous common scenarios that could be interpreted as peer rejection of their child. Mothers were asked about their attributions, emotions, and likely behavioral responses regarding each scenario. Maternal RS was associated with more attributions of intentional rejection of the child, more negative emotions, and more behavioral responses of avoidance and overinvolvement. Furthermore, the associations between mothers’ RS and maternal responses of avoidance and overinvolvement were sequentially mediated by maternal attribution of intentional rejection followed by negative emotions. The study thus extends RS research to the context of parenting and suggests that practitioners working with families of young children should consider parents’ RS disposition, as it might affect parents’ responses to their children’s peer interactions.
Building a database for brain 18 kDa translocator protein imaged using [11C]PBR28 in healthy subjects
Authors: Paul Soumen , Gallagher Evan , Liow Jeih-San , Mabins Sanche , Henry Katharine , Zoghbi Sami S , Gunn Roger N , Kreisl William C , Richards Erica M , Zanotti-Fregonara Paolo , Morse Cheryl L , Hong Jinsoo , Kowalski Aneta , Pike Victor W , Innis Robert B , Fujita Masahiro
Published: May 2018

Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) has been widely imaged as a marker of neuroinflammation using several radioligands, including [11C]PBR28. In order to study the effects of age, sex, and obesity on TSPO binding and to determine whether this binding can be accurately assessed using fewer radio high-performance liquid chromatography (radio-HPLC) measurements of arterial blood samples, we created a database of 48 healthy subjects who had undergone [11C]PBR28 scans (23 high-affinity binders (HABs) and 25 mixed-affinity binders (MABs), 20 F/28 M, age: 40.6 ± 16.8 years). After analysis by Logan plot using 23 metabolite-corrected arterial samples, total distribution volume ( VT) was found to be 1.2-fold higher in HABs across all brain regions. Additionally, the polymorphism plot estimated nondisplaceable uptake ( VND) as 1.40 mL · cm−3, which generated a specific-to-nondisplaceable ratio ( BPND) of 1.6 ± 0.6 in HABs and 1.1 ± 0.6 in MABs. VT increased significantly with age in nearly all regions and was well estimated with radio-HPLC measurements from six arterial samples. However, VT did not correlate with body mass index and was not affected by sex. These results underscore which patient characteristics should be accounted for during [11C]PBR28 studies and suggest ways to perform such studies more easily and with fewer blood samples.
Subjective Well-Being and Family Structure During Early Adolescence: A Prospective Study
Authors: Lin Wen-Hsu , Yi Chin-Chun
Published: May 2018

This study examined changes in subjective well-being (SWB) during early adolescence (seventh grade-ninth grade). We treated SWB as a latent variable, which was measured by life satisfaction, negative emotions, and positive emotions, and employed a growth curve model-to-model change. Aspects of family structure (e.g., parental marital status and members in the household) were included as time-varying covariates. Using a Taiwanese sample ( N = 2,510), we found that SWB declined during early adolescence. Furthermore, we found that having an intact family with a discordant marriage was detrimental to SWB at each time point. Moreover, we also found that adolescents from an intact family with a good intra-parental relationship and where grandparents were co-resident experienced better SWB at the second and the last year, respectively, of junior-high school than did their counterparts who stayed in an intact family without cohabiting grandparents.
The Pennsylvania Newspaper Archive
Authors: Knapp Jeffrey A. , Gearhart Andrew , Kellerman L. Suzanne , Klimczyk Linda
Published: May 2018

Providing online access to historical newspaper content is a strategic priority for many libraries. As early adopters in hosting an in-house newspaper repository for its own scanned newspapers, Penn State University’s online collection has grown substantially. New systems become necessary over time, however, due to system obsolescence, infrequent vendor upgrades, and maintenance and user needs. This was the case when the University Libraries adopted the open-source “Open ONI” platform in creating its Pennsylvania Newspaper Archive ( http://panewsarchive.psu.edu ), replacing its aging Olive Software ActivePaper Archive™ system. This paper chronicles the planning and design phases of the project, the adoption of the “Agile Scrum” project management framework, and the migration processes developed to transfer 450,000 pages of historical legacy newspaper content from a commercial system to an open-source system hosted in-house.