bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinetika Reaksi Penurunan Kafein dan Asam Klorogenat Biji Kopi Robusta melalui Pengukusan Sistem Tertutup
Authors: Kuncoro Sapto , Sutiarso Lilik , Karyadi Joko Nugroho Wahyu , Masithoh Rudiati Evi
Published: July 2018

This study was aimed to examine the correlation between temperature and duration of steaming on caffeine and chlorogenic acid reduction as well as to determine energy activation (Ea) according to Arrhenius equation. About 750 g of Robusta coffee was steamed by autoclaving at 100, 110, 120 °C for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 hours. The study was conducted in 3 replications. Analyses of caffeine and chlorogenic acid were performed using HPLC.  Steaming coffee beans at 100, 110 and 120 °C resulted in the highest decrease of caffeine and chlorogenic acids content for 7 hours by 13%, 18% and 25% for caffeine; and by 37%, 50% and 59% for chlorogenic acids. At all temperatures investigated, decaffeination and chlorogenic acid reduction followed first order reaction. The decaffeination equation at 100 °C, 110 °C and  120 °C followed equation of  y = -0.019x + 0.862, y = -0.023x + 0.820, and y = -0.033x + 0.759, respectively. Meanwhile, the chlorogenic acid reduction at 100 °C, 110 °C,  and 120 °C followed equation of y = -0.071x + 1.421, y = -0.089x + 1.271, and y = -0.120x + 1.201. Activation energies of decaffeination and chlorogenic acid reduction were 33,543.66 kJ/mol K and 31,934.91 kJ/mol K, respectively. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara suhu dan lama pengukusan terhadap penurunan kandungan kafein dan asam klorogenat serta menentukan energi aktivasi (Ea) dengan pendekatan persamaan Arrhenius. Biji kopi Robusta masing-masing seberat 750 g dikukus dalam autoklaf (sistem tertutup) pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C masing-masing selama 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 jam. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Analisis kafein dan asam klorogenat dilakukan menggunakan HPLC. Pengukusan biji kopi pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C, menghasilkan penurunan kandungan kafein dan asam klorogenat tertinggi pada pengukusan selama 7 jam. Penurunan kandungan kafein selama 7 jam pada suhu pengukusan 100, 110, dan 120 °C berturut-turut 13%, 18%, dan 25%. Kandungan asam klorogenat mengalami penurunan 37%, 50%, dan 59% berturut-turut pada suhu 100, 110, dan 120 °C.  Pada semua suhu yang diuji, penurunan kafein dan asam klorogenat mengikuti reaksi orde satu. Penurunan kafein mengikuti persamaan y = -0,019x + 0,862,  y = -0,023x + 0,820, dan y = -0,033x + 0,759, sedangkan untuk asam klorogenat mengikuti persamaan y = -0,071x + 1,421,  y = -0,089x + 1,271, dan y = -0,120x + 1,201. Besarnya energi aktivasi penurunan kafein dan asam klorogenat berturut turut adalah 33.543,66 kJ/molK dan 31.934,91 kJ/Mok.
Study of Beef Availability Potential in Yogyakarta Special Province (DIY) through Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) Model by Spatial Geographic Information System
Authors: Puspitaningrum Dwi Aulia , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Hartono Slamet , Jamhari Jamhari
Published: July 2018

The increasing human population and income per capita in Indonesia have many impacts to the demand of food, not only staple food but also the secondary food too, including meat and beef demand. Based on data from Central Statistics Bureau of 1995–2016, beef demand in Indonesia has been increasing. This condition must be anticipated by preparing the supply, especially the availability of beef in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta province. In Yogyakarta city, one of the regencies of DIY, the demand rate grows by 3.2%/year, higher than the supply growth rate by 2.08 %/year.  This gap needs to be thought through the case of scarcity of beef on the market. This study aimed to identify the potential of supply in five parameters i.e.: beef population, the availability of semen for artificial insemination (IB), the availability of livestock feed plants (HMT), the number of cows that enter DIY, and the number of cows that exit from DIY. A model Spatial Geographic Information Systems (SGIS) has been used in this study. The study revealed the most potential area for the development of beef agribusiness, based on the availability side, was Gunung Kidul Regency, and the less potential was Yogyakarta municipality.
POSTPARTUM HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER DIFFERENT MODES OF DELIVERY AMONG WOMEN IN PAKISTAN: THE NEGLECTED LINK FOR BETTER MATERNAL and CHILD HEALTH
Authors: Malik Madeeha , Asim Zirwa , Hussain Azhar
Published: July 2018

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate women postpartum quality of life after different modes of delivery in Pakistan.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A pre-validated tool SF-36 was self-administered to a sample of 382 women in the postpartum period (6-8 w, 10-12 w, 14-16 w,>9 mo,>15 mo) undergone through elective/emergency cesarean sections or normal vaginal delivery and had delivered a single live child. After data collection, data was cleaned coded and entered in SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics comprising of frequency and percentages was calculated. The non-parametric tests including Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Walis (p ≥ 0.05) were performed to find out the difference among different variables.Results: Comparison of HRQOL domains by mode of delivery using Mann-Whitney test demonstrated a significant difference (p=0.01) between normal delivery and cesarean section. Women undergoing normal delivery had significantly higher scores as compared to women having cesarean section. Also, a significant difference (p=0.027) among HRQOL scores was observed between working women and house wives and as well who had better socioeconomic status (p=0.018).Conclusion: The results of the present study concluded that postpartum quality of life of most of the women undergoing normal vaginal delivery was better as compared to women undergoing cesarean sections in twin cities of Pakistan. Surgical intervention during cesarean section might lead to consistent postpartum pain, inability to cope with needs of newborn and family which in turn can reduce postpartum quality of life among women.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS OF MODIFIED STARCH OF DISCOREA ALATA USING DICLOFENAC SODIUM TABLET
Authors: Uwah Timma O , Akpabio Ekaete I , Ekpa Daniel E , Akpabio Akwaowo E. , Godwin Jacob
Published: July 2018

Objective: This work focused on evaluating the micromeritic and compressional properties of pregelatinized African water yam (Discorea alata) starch and its modified forms with comparison to pregelatinized corn starch and microcrystalline cellulose.Methods: Two modifications of the water yam starch were prepared; acetone dehydrated pregelatinized form (DSA) and an admixture of DSA and pregelatinized corn starch (CDSA). A third form of starch is the acetone dehydrated pregelatinized corn starch (CSA). These were used to form batches compacted as tablets using diclofenac sodium as the active moiety. Physicochemical and flow characteristics of the starch powders were elucidated, and the drug starch compatibility studies done using the Fourier transform Infra-red (FTIR) technique. Compaction studies were investigated on tablets formed at different compression pressures and Heckel plots were prepared.Results: The slope of the straight line (K) of 0.8959 was greatest for F1 while yield pressure (Py) value of 10.965 was highest for F3. These values from the Heckel plot suggest that while the tablets of control batch of microcrystalline cellulose (F4) and a batch of pregelatinized corn starch (F2) formed harder compacts, less likely deformed plastically, the Discorea alata batch (F1) and the admixed batch (F3) were likely to deform plastically. Also, the binding efficiency of the compact was significantly high (47.81%Kgscm-1) for F4 at 56.5Kpas compaction pressure, higher than that obtainable for any of the other formulations at the compaction pressures under consideration. All starches formed had similar moisture content (of 10%) despite the different sources but the interaction between the water molecule and pregelatinized water yam starch improved as revealed by viscosity(7.18mPas), hydration capacity(3.27%) and swelling index (250%) of CDSA.Conclusion: It could be concluded that pregelatinized water yam starch could be used as a substitute for corn starch or microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient (binder/filler) in tablets formulation.
DENSITOMETRIC VALIDATION OF LAPACHOL IN TECOMELLA UNDULATA SEEM BARK BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Richa Raj , Nahida Siddiqui , Vidhu Aeri
Published: July 2018

Objective: To develop a validated high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative estimation of Lapachol in a Soxhlet extracted bark of Tecomella undulata seem (T. undulata). Methods: The bark of T. undulata was extracted with chloroform by Soxhlet apparatus. The separation was achieved on a silica-gel 60 F254 HPTLC plate using toluene-ethyl acetate–glacial acetic acid (8.5:1.5:0.02 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. Densitometric analysis of Lapachol was carried out in absorbance mode at 254 nm.Results: The proposed method was accurate for the separation and resolution between peaks of the standard and Lapachol (5.04µg) with Rf value 0.77. Calibration curves were found to be linear over the concentration range (10-130µg) for Lapachol and correlation coefficient over (R2= 0.9973), indicating an excellent correlation between peak areas and concentrations of the marker compound. The experimentally derived LOD and LOQ for Lapachol were determined to be 0.028 µg and 0.086 µg respectively and the developed HPTLC-UV method showed lower %RSD and SEM, value indicating the method to be precise, accurate and robust.Conclusion: The study concludes that HPTLC-UV validation method can be very efﬁcient and promising technique for the identiﬁcation and quantitative analysis of Lapachol from T. undulata bark. The statistical analysis of data indicates that the developed method is reproducible and specific.
Application of the Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing the Room Temperature Regime through Balancing Valves of Risers
Authors: Shuravin A P , Vologdin S V
Published: July 2018

В статье обосновывается актуальность исследований алгоритмов оптимизации как для области науки об искусственном интеллекте, так и для решения различных прикладных задач. Поясняется необходимость решения задач оптимизации термогидравлических режимов зданий. Температура воздуха в отапливаемых помещениях зависит от многих факторов, в частности от параметров ограждающих конструкций, параметров теплоносителя, окружающей среды, а также от сопротивлений балансировочных клапанов стояков отопления. Обосновывается необходимость регулирования гидравлического сопротивления ветвей многоконтурной системы отопления зданий при помощи регулировочных клапанов для устранения температурного дисбаланса помещений зданий. В статье приводится математическая постановка задачи оптимизации, а также два метода решения поставленной задачи: метод покоординатного поиска и генетический алгоритм. Приводится блок-схема генетического алгоритма, формулы вероятностей скрещивания и правила селекции. Представлены результаты эксперимента для этих методов оптимизации, включая графики изменения целевой функции по итерациям, сравнительную таблицу, объяснение результатов. В заключении сделан вывод о том, что генетический алгоритм показывает лучшие результаты оптимизации, чем метод покоординатного поиска, но имеет большую вычислительную стоимость. Предложена гипотеза для дальнейшего исследования.
Generalized Mathematical Model of Non-Oil Petroleum. Part I. Network Approach to Dividing of the Area of Deposit on Modules
Authors: Denisov S V , Lyalin V E , Krasnov A N , Shushkov A A
Published: July 2018

Представлена процедура генерации модулей, отвечающих за базовые элементы, которые используются для описания расчетной области; применение данной процедуры для реализации модулей на примере обобщенной модели нелетучей нефти. Предложен новый подход к разбиению расчетной области месторождения, включающей в себя продуктивный пласт и наземное оборудование, для обеспечения более высокого уровня абстракции при декомпозиции пластовой системы. Формализована процедура генерации модулей, отвечающих за базовые элементы, которые используются для описания расчетной области; применение данной процедуры для реализации модулей на примере обобщенной модели нелетучей нефти. Для описания пласта, скважин и наземных объектов были предложены различные типы узлов и соединений. В зависимости от числа фаз разработаны соответствующие узлы. В работе предложена обобщенная модель нелетучей нефти с внесенными допущениями, позволяющими достоверно решить задачу гидродинамического моделирования месторождений. Представлен сетевой подход к разбиению области месторождения, математическое описание модулей. Такой метод представляет собой сетевой подход к созданию симулятора месторождений и обеспечивает более высокий уровень стандартизации, чем классический способ.
Optimization of the Arrangement of acoustic Sensors in the Plane of the Electronic Target
Authors: Egorov S F
Published: July 2018

Приведены результаты оптимизации количества и расположения акустических датчиков в плоскости регистрации электронных сверхзвуковых акустических мишеней для стрелкового оружия по критерию невырождаемости математических моделей. Электронные акустические мишени широко используются для испытания и диагностики стрелкового и артиллерийского оружия на предприятиях ОПК. Разработанное программное обеспечение позволяет исследовать пересечения «особых прямых» от каждой пары датчиков в плоскости мишени (где возможно вырождение математической модели) и находить оптимальную конструкцию пытаясь вывести «особые точки» за пределы зоны регистрации. Исследованы рамы мишени типа прямоугольник, параллелограмм, «корона», полукруг и полуэллипс. Сделан вывод, что оптимизация расположения датчиков на полукруглой раме на непропорциональных расстояниях друг от друга позволяет обеспечить невырождаемость математической модели при использовании всего лишь одного дополнительного акустического датчика. Хотя такая конструкция и снижает технологичность изготовления и монтажа мишени, но повышает ее помехозащищенность.
The Development of Industrial Production of Perm Region
Authors: Makarova M B , Balyanova Yu S , Sevastyanova I G
Published: July 2018

Рыночные преобразования промышленных предприятий и создание предпосылок для устойчивого роста требуют концентрации усилий на развитии высокотехнологичных отраслей промышленности и наукоемких предприятий, обеспечения защиты и укрепления стратегических позиций жизненно важных секторов экономики. Региональный сценарий конструктивного включения промышленной сферы в новую экономическую кооперацию страны возможен при ориентации предприятий на потребности рынков сбыта в России и за рубежом, создании основных хозяйственно-технологических полюсов роста и обеспечении импортозамещения в ряде отраслей специализации. Рассмотрены профилирующие отрасли специализации промышленности Пермского края. Основная роль в экономике края принадлежит предприятиям военно-промышленного комплекса и добывающей отрасли. Описана динамика промышленного производства края за период 2013-2016 гг. В рейтинге основных конкурентов Приволжского федерального округа по объему промышленного производства край занимает четвертое место. Выделены основные тенденции по решению задачи импортозамещения национальной и региональной экономики. Значительный резерв для снижения импортозависимости российской экономики имеется в станкостроении, тяжелом и нефтегазовом машиностроении. Экономика края ориентирована на экспорт продукции химической промышленности, минеральных удобрений, древесины и целлюлозно-бумажных изделий. Приведены основные точки роста, участвующие в реализации научно-технических программ и проектов для приоритетных направлений науки, технологий и техники Российской Федерации. Ведущие корпоративные промышленно-производственные кластеры ракетного двигателестроения «Технополис «Новый Звездный»» на базе ПАО «Протон-ПМ» и волоконно-оптических технологий «Фотоника» на базе ПАО «Пермская научно-производственная приборостроительная компания» являются мощным инструментом эффективного экономического развития и технологической модернизации промышленного сектора края. Развитие кластеров компаний способствуют сведению к минимуму селективных методов государственной поддержки отдельных структурообразующих предприятий. В русле ориентации на решение региональных и государственных задач Пермский край может претендовать на позиции одного из локомотивов современной национальной экономики.
Features of Excitation of an Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer under a Waveguide Method of Testing
Authors: Strizhak V A , Hasanov R R , Pryakhin A V
Published: July 2018

Широкое распространение волноводных методик контроля протяженных объектов, в том числе с использованием электромагнитно-акустической технологии в условиях меняющегося рынка электронных компонентов, требует поиска новых подходов к конструированию электронного оборудования. Рассмотрены схемотехнические решения, необходимые для построения генератора зондирующего импульса в информационно-измерительной системе, реализующей волноводную методику контроля протяженных объектов. Определены эксплуатационные требования к устройству и оценены необходимые характеристики компонентов импульсного генератора, влияющие на его поведение при формировании ударного импульса для ЭМА-излучателя. Получен критерий оценки работы генератора ударного импульса в виде длительности реверберационно-шумовой характеристики. Проведен частотный анализ системы возбуждения ЭМА-излучателя в зависимости от количества витков излучателя и величины активного сопротивления в системе. Произведена оценка максимального импульсного поля в ЭМА-излучателе и определено соответствующее для него оптимальное количество витков. На основании оценки характеристик генератора и ЭМА-излучателя разработан электрический адаптер для дефектоскопа АДНШ, подключаемый к выходу генератора и входу приемника, позволяющий использовать пьезопреобразователь в совмещенном режиме. Устройство опробовано на стержнях композитной арматуры. Полученное значение РШХ составило около 500 мкс (соответствует 1,2 м).
Analysis of Mode of Deformation for Spiroid Gears under Peak Loads
Authors: Sannikov A M
Published: July 2018

Рассмотрена задача анализа тяжелонагруженной низкоскоростной многопарной спироидной передачи с учетом влияния упругого контактного, изгибно-сдвигового и упругопластического контактного взаимодействия зубьев колеса и витков спироидного червяка. Обоснован отказ от метода конечных элементов (МКЭ), обычно широко применяемого для решения задач нагруженного контакта. Задача анализа упругопластически нагруженной передачи рассмотрена как комбинация для двух задач: традиционного анализа упругонагруженного контакта и синтеза - поиска требуемой геометрии пластически деформированных поверхностей спироидной передачи. Приводится разработанный алгоритм расчета распределения нагрузки с учетом упругого и упругопластического характера контакта, многопарности и наличия макронервоностей на контактирующих поверхностях спироидной передачи. Описаны допущения, принятые при разработке алгоритма. Дано описание выбора допустимого контактного напряжения, которое учитывает сложный геометрический профиль контактных поверхностей. Приводятся числовые примеры, полученные в результате работы предложенного алгоритма, представленные в виде графиков, демонстрирующие его работоспособность и наглядность получаемых результатов. Представлены материалы по эксплуатации тяжелонагруженных низкоскоростных спироидных передач, подтверждающие достоверность получаемых результатов предложенного алгоритма. Даны рекомендации по локализации контакта на рабочих поверхносиях спироидной передачи.
Research Methodology of the Parameters of Tactile Perception of Relief Forms by the Blind and Low Vision People
Authors: Sandu O M
Published: July 2018

В настоящее время более 500 млн человек относятся к лицам с ограниченными возможностями, и среди них особое место занимают люди с ограничениями зрения. В современной практике в зависимости от степени нарушения зрительной функции используют деление на слепых (blind) и слабовидящих (low vision). Специалисты многих стран ведут поиск эффективных программ восстановления работоспособности людей с проблемами зрения, их обучения. В России система обучения слепых и слабовидящих людей является неотъемлемой частью общеобразовательного процесса и основана на методе компенсации зрительного восприятия тактильным. Пик исследований тактильного восприятия пришелся на вторую половину ХХ в., однако большинство работ на данный момент является устаревшим. В настоящее время исследование процесса тактильного восприятия является весьма актуальным. В первую очередь это связано с изменением отношения к людям с проблемами зрения. Во-вторых, возникает возможность использования инновационных технологий и оборудования. Рассмотрен метод компенсации, традиционный для современных направлений тифлопедагогики и тифлопсихологии. Автором статьи предложен альтернативный развивающий подход, ориентированный на совершенствование тактильной чувствительности слепых и слабовидящих людей при условии когнитивного восприятия. Отмечено, что в процессе восприятия формы характеризуются при помощи качественных и количественных параметров. В соответствии с развивающим подходом предложена методика исследования параметров тактильного восприятия. Наиболее применимы такие параметры, как шаг, размер, геометрия, ориентация, степень объемности. Разработан план проведения исследования, который включает следующие этапы: выбор параметров тактильного восприятия, разработка и изготовление образцов для исследования, выбор метода исследования, разработка опросника, выбор испытуемых, проведение эксперимента и фиксация результатов, анализ результатов.
Acoustic Control of Metal of Operated and Damaged Curved Sections of Water and Steam Tubes TPP
Authors: Smirnov A N , Popova N A , Ababkov N V
Published: July 2018

Проведено исследование металла эксплуатируемых и поврежденных гибов водоопускных и пароотводящих труб спектрально-акустическим методом контроля и методом электронной микроскопии. В частности, исследованы образцы, не имеющие повреждений, образец с коррозионно-усталостной трещиной и образцы с технологическими дефектами типа заката. Все образцы изготовлены из стали 20, но имеют разную наработку. Изучено структурное состояние образцов, выполнена количественная оценка таких параметров, как плотность дислокаций и величина локальных полей внутренних напряжений. Структура металла гибов пароотводящих и водоопускных труб после наработки и без дефектов состоит из ферритоперлитной смеси. Феррит, занимающий основную часть объема материала, присутствует как нефрагментированный, так и фрагментированный. В металле гибов пароотводящих и водоопускных труб после наработки и с дефектами увеличилась доля дефектного цементита в перлитных зернах, а также доля фрагментированного феррита. Построены графические зависимости акустических характеристик от времени наработки. Установлены значения акустических характеристик, соответствующие дефектному состоянию для металла гибов водоопускных и пароотводящих труб, изготовленных из стали 20. Выполнен расчет комплексного критерия предельного состояния для всех исследованных образцов. В соответствии с расчетом определены образцы, которые могут эксплуатироваться без проведения ремонтно-восстановительных работ и для которых проведение ремонтно-восстановительных работ необходимо.
PENERAPAN (STAD) DIPADU MIND MAPPING BERBASIS LESSON STUDY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP (STAD With Mind Mapping Based On Lessson Study To Improve Motivation and Understanding Concept)
Authors: Purwanti Elly , Prihanta Wahyu , Muizzudin Muizzudin , Permana Fendy Hardian
Published: July 2018

STAD (Student Teams-Achievement Division) efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, karena STAD (Student Teams-Achievement Division) ini mementingkan struktur penghargaan sebagai bentuk penguatan (reinforcement) terhadap apa yang telah dilakukan oleh siswa. Peghargaan tersebut merupakan salah satu hal yang dapat meningkatkan motivasi. Mind Mapping adalah sebuah metode untuk mengelola informasi secara menyeluruh. Secara lengkap Mind Mapping dapat digunakan untuk: menyimpan informasi, mengorganisasikan informasi, membuat prioritas, belajar memahami informasi dalam konteksnya, melakukan review atas sebuah materi pembelajaran, mengingat informasi secara lengkap, maka untuk menjawab masalah mengenai pemahaman konsep, dicoba memadukan model STAD (Student Teams-Achievement Division) dengan mind mappingPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk:(1) meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA Biologi pada siswa di SMP Muhammadiyah 6 Malang. (2) meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada matapelajaran reproduksi mahluk Hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) berbasis Lesson Study (LS) dengan menggunakan dua siklus.Berdasarkan hasil penerapan STAD dipadu dengan Mind mapping dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas IX, SMP Muh 6-Dau-Malang, dengan rincian Attention meningkat (1,2 %) Relevance meningkat (3,65%) Confidence meningkat (5,23%) Satisfaction meningkat (4,36%).Berdasarkan penerapan STAD dipadu dengan Mind mapping dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kelas IX, tingkat SMP Muh 6 dengan rincian Siklus I : 75,5 dan Siklus II: 80,5. Terjadi kenaikan sebanyak 5,1.
Transforming a Family Medicine Residency Into a Community-Oriented Learning Environment
Authors: Lochner Jennifer , Lankton Robin , Rindfleish Kirsten , Arndt Brian , Edgoose Jennifer
Published: July 2018

Background and Objectives: Improvement in population health has become a key goal of health systems and payers in the United States. Because 80% of health outcomes are driven by social determinants of health beyond medical care and health care access, such improvements require attention to factors outside of the conventional areas of expertise for clinicians. Yet primary care physicians often graduate from training programs with few skills in population and community health.
Methods: In 2011, the University of Wisconsin Department of Family Medicine began transformative work to become a Department of Family Medicine and Community Health (DFMCH). As part of this effort, educators in the department addressed deficiencies in its residency’s community and population health curriculum by implementing curricular change and faculty development. A set of guiding principles, “Three Community Health Responsibilities for Family Doctors,” was developed to provide background and structure to current and future work.
Results: An annual program evaluation survey was administered to faculty and residents between 2012 and 2016. Respondents reported a significant increase in their understanding of population and community health over the prior year in each year this was assessed (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Community and population health principles have become part of the fabric of the entire residency curriculum in the DFMCH. Faculty development was a key part of this work and will be integral to sustaining improvements.
The Growing Trend of Health Coaches in Team-Based Primary Care Training
Authors: Gastala Nicole M. , Wingrove Peter M. , Gaglioti Anne H. , Liaw Winston , Bazemore Andrew
Published: July 2018

Background and Objectives: Team-based care with health coaches has improved the quality and cost effectiveness of chronic disease management and prevention. Clinical health coaches partner with patients to identify health goals, create action plans, overcome barriers to change, reinforce physician recommendations, and coordinate care. It is important to train resident physicians to practice in team-based settings. To date, there have been no studies of resident family physician exposure to health coaches.
Methods: We surveyed 465 residency directors through a larger omnibus survey sent out by CERA; the response rate was 53.7%. Directors were asked about resident exposure to health coaches, the types of patients seen by health coaches, and the training background of the health coaches. We used chi-square tests to examine the relationship among these variables and program characteristics including status as a patient-centered medical home.
Results: Almost two-thirds of the programs reported at least some residents had exposure to health coaches. Residents who trained in continuity sites with a PCMH certification of level 3 were more likely to have any exposure to health coaches (P<.05). There were multiple significant relationships between populations of patients seen and the training background of health coaches.
Conclusions: To improve quality, reduce costs, and become more patient centered, primary care is rapidly transforming into a team sport with a broadening roster of new players, including health coaches. This study documents positive rates of resident exposure to health coaches but also great variability in types and amount of exposure that merit further investigation and exploration of ways to grow family medicine residency contact with a diversifying practice team.
Air Consumption Analysis of Air-Jet Weaving
Authors: Khiani Raj Kumar , Peerzada Mazhar Hussain , Abbasi Sadaf Aftab
Published: July 2018

In Textile industry, production is mostly key concern for Industry owner. This always has attracted researchers and machines manufacturers to make new developments in process and machines. Air-jet is one of the leading and successful highest productive weaving machines. However, it is now well established that due to add of charges of compressed air, manufacturing cost of air-jet weaving machine is higher as compared with rapier and projectile weaving machines. This is why countries having energy issues do not prefer air-jet weaving machines comparing projectile weaving machines. In this regard, several researchers and machine manufacturers have continuously been working to improve the efficiency of air-jet weft insertion. However, industry practice is as important as design made by researchers. The aim of this research is to investigate the air consumption of air-jet weaving on industrial scale practice. In this study, five weaving machine of same manufacturer and model were selected. It was observed that despite of manufacturing same quality of fabric, air consumption was varying almost in all weaving machines. Conventionally, mill workers adopt hit and trial practice in weaving industry including airpressure setting which leads to variation of nozzle pressure. Main reason of disparity of air consumption in air-jet weaving machines may be variation of distance from compressor to weaving machines, number of joints, un-necessary valve opening and pipes leakages cause an increase of compressed air consumption.
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Luce Sandrine , Guinoiseau Sophie , Gadault Alexis , Letourneur Franck , Blondeau Bertrand , Nitschke Patrick , Pasmant Eric , Vidaud Michel , Lemonnier François , Boitard Christian
Published: July 2018

Key requirements in type 1 diabetes (T1D) are in setting up new assays as diagnostic biomarkers that will apply to prediabetes, likely T-cell assays, and in designing antigen-specific therapies to prevent T1D development. New preclinical models of T1D will be required to help with advancing both aims. By crossing mouse strains that lack either murine MHC class I and class II genes and insulin genes, we developed YES mice that instead express human HLA-A*02:01, HLA-DQ8, and insulin genes as transgenes. The metabolic and immune phenotype of YES mice is basically identical to that of the parental strains. YES mice remain insulitis and diabetes free up to 1 year of follow-up, maintain normoglycemia to an intraperitoneal glucose challenge in the long-term range, have a normal β-cell mass, and show normal immune responses to conventional antigens. This new model has been designed to evaluate adaptive immune responses to human insulin on a genetic background that recapitulates a human high-susceptibility HLA-DQ8 genetic background. Although insulitis free, YES mice develop T1D when challenged with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. They allow the characterization of preproinsulin epitopes recognized by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells upon immunization against human preproinsulin or during diabetes development.
Lo que dice la academia sobre los efectos de la aplicación de prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE)
Authors: Solari Estefanía
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo se exponen veintidós investigaciones académicas que han abordado los efectos que se producen al interior de las organizaciones ante la aplicación de prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE), realizadas durante el periodo 2008-2016 en ocho países de diferentes contextos: España, México, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador y Pakistán. En una primera parte, se presenta un breve resumen de cada investigación. Luego para dar respuesta a los objetivos propuestos, se aplicó la metodología del análisis de contenido.

Como principales resultados se pueden mencionar: 1) las variables más abordadas por los autores han sido las medidas de percepción y las contables 2)  especto a las metodologías aplicadas se destacan fundamentalmente las cuantitativas: el análisis de regresión lineal, el análisis de correlación, así como el análisis de ecuaciones estructurales. Por último, se concluye que en la mayor parte de las investigaciones se verifican resultados positivos que se generan en las organizaciones ante la aplicación de prácticas de RSE, destacándose fundamentalmente una relación positiva entre RSE y rentabilidad, seguido de una relación positiva entre RSE y desempeño empresarial, así como la RSE y el éxito competitivo.
Consideraciones sobre la formalización del comportamiento organizacional
Authors: Totonelli Laura Irene
Published: July 2018

En este ensayo, se analiza la formalización del comportamiento organizacional, desde el punto de vista de las diversas perspectivas que pueden dar aparición al proceso en el marco de la conformación de la estructura organizacional. La formalización, vinculada con la implementación de procesos predefinidos que buscan limitar la discrecionalidad de los operadores, favorece la generación de resultados estandarizados. Muchas veces mal interpretada como un exceso de burocracia, la formalización aún no ha dado todo de sí, por ello resulta interesante revisar el concepto en profundidad, advirtiendo sus numerosas facetas y dominándolas en la configuración organizacional, de manera de lograr lo mejor de su propósito y su razón de ser.
Sternotomy and ventral slot decompression for treatment of T1-2 intervertebral disk disease in a Dachshund
Authors: Cappelle Kelsey K. , Reaugh H. Fulton
Published: July 2018

CASE DESCRIPTION A 9-year-old 7.5-kg (16.5-lb) castrated male Dachshund was referred for emergency evaluation of pelvic limb paraplegia of < 24 hours' duration.

CLINICAL FINDINGS A spinal cord lesion between T3 and L3 was suspected given the dog's history and neurologic examination results. Computed tomography and myelography spanning T3 through L4 identified an extradural compressive lesion at the L3-4 disk space. Hemilaminectomy was performed, and disk material adhered to and compressing the spinal cord was identified. However, because the material appeared to have been present for an extended period, postoperative CT of the cervicothoracic region was performed, which revealed extrusion of disk material from the T1-2 space and marked spinal cord compression.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME A sternotomy of the manubrium and ventral slot decompression of the T1-2 disk space were performed successfully without entering the thoracic cavity. A large amount of disk material was removed from the spinal canal. No loss of intrathoracic negative pressure was appreciated, and intraoperative complications included only mild hemorrhage. The dog maintained pelvic limb pain sensation postoperatively and regained motor function 2 days after surgery.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE Intervertebral disk disease is rare at T1-2 in Dachshunds. Typically, a dorsal approach has been used to decompress the spinal cord, but findings for this dog suggested that a ventral approach may also be appropriate. Consideration should be given to include the T1-2 disk space when performing advanced imaging in dogs because of the inconsistent ability to identify lesions at this location by means of neurologic examination.
Evaluation of various hemostatic knot configurations performed by veterinary students
Authors: Giusto Gessica , Comino Francesco , Vercelli Cristina , Caramello Vittorio , Morello Emanuela , Gandini Marco
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective hemostatic knot configuration performed by veterinary students following a brief training session with an experienced surgeon and a subsequent deliberate self-training period.

DESIGN Experiment.

SAMPLE 24 fourth-year veterinary students with no previous surgical knot–tying experience.

PROCEDURES In a 1-hour training session, an experienced surgeon showed veterinary students how to perform 5 hemostatic knot configurations (giant, slip, strangle, surgeon's, and transfixing), which they then practiced at home on a hemostasis simulator for 2 weeks. Thereafter, students performed each knot 4 times (twice each with monofilament and multifilament suture) on a hemostasis simulator. An experienced surgeon evaluated the correct execution of knots and measured their effectiveness by use of a manometer to measure vessel pressure distal to the ligature. Each student completed a questionnaire regarding their perceived learning and execution difficulty and sealing security for each knot. Responses were compared among knots and suture materials.

RESULTS Overall, students considered the surgeon's knot the easiest to learn and the strangle knot the most difficult. The slipknot was also considered the easiest knot to perform, and the giant knot was considered the most difficult. The strangle knot was deemed the most effective in reducing vessel pressure distal to the ligature.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The strangle knot was the most effective hemostatic knot in inexperienced hands, although veterinary students considered it more difficult to learn than other, perhaps more commonly taught, knots. Therefore, teaching of the strangle knot should be encouraged in veterinary schools.
New record of the fish leech Piscicola pojmanskae (Annelida: Hirudinida: Piscicolidae) - DNA barcoding and phylogeny
Authors: Cichocka Joanna M. , Bielecki Aleksander , Kulikowski Marek , Jabłońska-Barna Izabela , Najda Katarzyna
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to confirm the taxonomic status ofPiscicola pojmanskaeBielecki, 1994 found on Salmonidae fish. The fish leech was identified based on a diligent morphological analysis as well as COI gene sequence (DNA barcoding). The phylogenetic relationship with other piscicolid leeches was analyzed as well.Piscicola pojmanskaewas found on various fins of both graylings and the resident form of trouts. The prevalence of infection was 1.63%. In this paper, probable causes of the lack of relation between the number of leeches on the fins and the fish body length as well as the host-searching strategy used byP. pojmanskaeare discussed.
Interaksi Simbolik Pengajar dan Siswa di Komunitas Matahari Kecil
Authors: Maghfira Tasya Aulia , Mahadian Adi Bayu
Published: July 2018

SMP Terbuka Gading Regency is a free school founded by the Matahari Kecil community to alleviate the burden of underprivileged students. The purpose of this study was to figure out the symbols and the meaning negotiation in the interaction in forming the self-concept of teachers and students. The theory underlying this research was the symbolic interaction according to George Herbert Mead. This study used in-depth interviews and observations on four students, teachers, and supporting informants for each who were selected with purposive sampling techniques. The result showed that the interaction of teachers and students was built through formal and informal interpersonal relationship. There was an exchange of verbal and nonverbal symbols in shaping the same meaning in the interaction. The meaning formed in the interaction process affected the self-concept of the teachers and students. As a result, there was a change in self-concept of students and teachers during the interaction. The self-concept was inseparable from the role of mind, self, and society of the teachers and students.
Proses Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Ta'aruf di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Ridwansyah Ridwansyah
Published: July 2018

Ta'aruf is an introductory method in Islam between men and women who want to find their partner to get married. Due to some strict barriers to know the opposite sex, ta'aruf becomes a solution in knowing the prospective partner before marriage. This study focused on the ta'aruf process before marriage and described the process of the interpersonal communication developments. It aims to analyze the process of the interpersonal communication of married couples through ta'aruf in Banda Aceh. Social Penetration Theory was used to explain the stage of the relationship development in ta'aruf. Data were collected using interviews with five married couples undergoing ta'aruf process who were selected with purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicated that couples who performed ta'aruf only went through the orientation stage. This is due to the constraints in ta'aruf limiting the process of interpersonal communication they underwent. The exploratory affective exchange, affective exchange, and stable exchange they experienced after they got married.
The Differences Between Pre-Service Chemistry, Fine Art, and Primary Education Teachers Regarding Interest and Knowledge About Fine Art Materials
Authors: Potočnik Robert , Devetak Iztok
Published: July 2018

The primary purpose of this paper is to identify the level of interest and knowledge about fine art materials (in selected works of art) that can influence pre-service primary school, chemistry, and fine art teachers’ implementation of this content into their teaching. This knowledge can help them be aware of how a specific fine art material can be used in fine art classes. Fine art materials can also be applied in different manners by chemistry teachers and primary school teachers (science lessons) to explain the specific chemical characteristics of these substances. Altogether, 118 pre-service teachers from the Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana participated in the study. The data were collected using three instruments: information about participants (IP), fine art materials achievement test (FAMAT), and individual interest questionnaire (IIQ), which comprise items for self-concept. It can be concluded that pre-service teachers’ average score (49.6%) on FAMAT is quite low. The results also showed that pre-service fine art teachers achieved better results than the other two groups did. Similar results were also obtained regarding participants’ interest and self-concept in learning about fine art materials. It can be concluded that more emphasis should be placed on developing the understanding of chemical and fine art concepts due to the fact that fine art and chemistry can be interdisciplinarily connected in education, according to contemporary curricular guidelines.
USO DE NARRATIVAS EM PESQUISAS SOBRE REFORMULAÇÃO CURRICULAR EM LICENCIATURAS DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Martines Elizabeth Antonia Leonel de Moraes , Khun Ana Carolina Araujo , Sousa Aparecida Gasques de , Cavalcanti Alberes da Siqueira
Published: July 2018

O presente texto tem por objetivo relatar pesquisas que fizeram uso de narrativas de formadores de licenciaturas da área de ciências naturais da Amazônia, em processos de reformulação curricular dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos em que lecionam. São quatro pesquisas relacionadas em um programa de pesquisa do Laboratório de Ensino de Ciências (EDUCIENCIA): a primeira autora defendeu sua tese no Instituto de Psicologia da USP e usou narrativas autobiográficas para caracterizar e analisar contribuições de professores de um curso de Ciências Biológicas em Rondônia e a segunda autora deu continuidade a este trabalho. As duas outras foram conduzidas por orientandos de doutorado em suas instituições de ensino superior.
Quantum Relativistic Diesel Engine with Single Massless Fermion in 1 Dimensional Box System
Authors: Setyo Deny Pra , Latifah Eny , Hidayat Arif , Wisodo Hari
Published: July 2018

The quantum Diesel of a single fermion in 1D box system has been explored. The Fermion particle meets the Dirac's relativistic Hamiltonian with a chosen mass worth zero. This Relativistic Diesel engine research aims to obtain Diesel engine efficiency that utilizes massless fermion particles as a working substance. This study implements a modified analogy model of the classical analogue model to quantum with the implementation of the first law of thermodynamics for quantum systems so that quantum thermodynamic processes can be defined explicitly. The exploratory results of a single quantum fermion Diesel engine of a single massless system are efficiency formulation that is suitable for the efficiency of a classic Diesel engine, but its heat capacity ratio is unique, that is 2. Based on the value of heat capacity ratio, the efficiency is higher than the classical.
Relation Between Transport Distance with Frequency-Dependent Volume Magnetic Susceptibility in Surabaya River Sediments
Authors: Mariyanto Mariyanto , Bahri Ayi Syaeful , Utama Widya , Lestari Wien , Silvia Linda , Lestyowati Titis , Anwar Muhammad Khayrul , Ariffiyanto Wahyu , Hibatullah Ahmad Irfaan , Amir Moh Faisal
Published: July 2018

Volume magnetic susceptibility measurements have been widely used in numerous studies related to river sediment characterization. A study of the transport distance effect toward the frequency-dependent volume magnetic susceptibility is needed to identify the superparamagnetic grain behavior in river sediments. The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of superparamagnetic grains and to obtain the relation between transport distances and frequency-dependent volume magnetic susceptibility in river sediments. The sediment samples were taken and measured by using the Bartington MS2B Susceptibilitymeter at two different frequencies of 470 Hz and 4700 Hz. The measurement results show that the sediment transport distance is directly proportional to the frequency-dependent volume magnetic susceptibility. Superparamagnetic grain content is identified to tend to be higher as the distance of sediment transport increases.