bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulating auditory nerve fiber response following micro-electrode stimulation
Authors: Wenger Cornelia , Fellner Andreas , Bucek Fred , Werginz Paul , Rattay Frank
Published: December 2023

The cochlear implant was the first effective and is still the most common neuroprosthetic device which is employed for people with severe to profound hearing loss. To restore auditory perception, an array of micro-electrodes that deliver electrical pulses to the auditory nerve is surgically implanted into the lower cochlea duct, the scala tympani (ST). However, implantation into the upper cavity, the scala vestibuli (SV) has been tested due to severe anatomical obstruction or ossification of the ST. Clinical results revealed similar performance and thresholds for SV and ST cochlear implant users. We present a simulation study of auditory nerve fibre response to monophasic stimulation of both polarities. Excitation profiles are compared for microelectrodes placed in the SV and equivalent positions in the ST. In total, 7 different electrode positions for 4 different fibres have been investigated in a homogenous 2D model. Results for the intact fibres predict generally higher anodic thresholds in comparison to cathodic stimulation at the same electrode position and mostly lower thresholds for the SV electrodes in comparison to their ST counterparts. In contrast, anodic thresholds are mostly lower than cathodic thresholds for the degenerated fibres. Furthermore, due to the increased electrode-fibre distance for degenerate fibres which have completely lost the dendrite, SV stimulation is less beneficial. However, for basal fibres and the clinically relevant mid scala placement of the electrode the typically high thresholds remain similar for ST and SV positions.
Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Water Level Tank and Human Fluid Flow
Authors: Lozanović Jasmina , Polz Mathias , Rienmüller Theresa Margarethe , Langthaler Sonja , Ziesel Daniel , Schröttner Jörg , Baumgartner Christian
Published: December 2023

Fluid flow in the human body can be modeled using a water-level tank, a commonly used mechanistic approach in mechanical engineering for fluid transport processes. Postoperative fluid data from patients undergoing cardiac surgery is used to estimate fluid flow dynamics and total body water in the human body. This simplified model provide a basic understanding of the dynamics of fluid flow processes in the human body and could aid in modeling distribution of fluids in compartments.
Regional Supply and Demand Fundamentals in the German Housing Price Boom
Authors: Brausewetter Lars , Thomsen Stephan L. , Trunzer Johannes
Published: December 2023

Over the last decade, German housing prices have increased unprecedentedly. Drawing on quality-adjusted housing price data at the district level, we show that regional fundamentals explain up to two-thirds of between-region and 77 to 87 percent of within-region variation in price growth. Price increases were driven mainly by co-movements in local demand fundamentals, notably population density and skill level. However, we further reveal systematic variation unrelated to fundamentals: overvaluation of top 7 cities, path dependency, and spatial spillovers. We infer that speculation, investor preference for liquid markets, and bounded rationality contributed substantially to the recent housing price boom in Germany.
MBPCA-OS: an exploratory multiblock method for variables of different measurement levels. Application to study the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination
Authors: Paries Martin , Vigneau Evelyne , Huneau Adeline , Lantz Olivier , Bougeard Stéphanie
Published: December 2023

Studying a large number of variables measured on the same observations and organized in blocks – denoted multiblock data – is becoming standard in several domains especially in biology. To explore the relationships between all these variables – at the block- and the variable-level – several exploratory multiblock methods were proposed. However, most of them are only designed for numeric variables. In reality, some data sets contain variables of different measurement levels (i.e., numeric, nominal, ordinal). In this article, we focus on exploratory multiblock methods that handle variables at their appropriate measurement level. Multi-Block Principal Component Analysis with Optimal Scaling (MBPCA-OS) is proposed and applied to multiblock data from the CURIE-O-SA French cohort. In this study, variables are of different measurement levels and organized in four blocks. The objective is to study the immune responses according to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination statuses, the symptoms and the participant’s characteristics.
Using sentence processing speed and automaticity to predict L2 performance in the productive and receptive tasks
Authors: Zhang Xiaopeng , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: December 2023

We investigated the predictive capacity of second language (L2) sentence processing speed measured using reaction time (RT) and automaticity captured using the coefficient of variation (CV) on the accuracy of L2 use in receptive and productive tasks. A total of 74 Chinese English-L2 learners completed a maze task, an elicited imitation task (EIT), and a timed grammaticality judgment task (TGJT) using comparable sentences. RT and CV from the maze task were used to predict the use of L2 morphological markers in the EIT and TGJT. The findings revealed that there were no significant effects of RT and CV in the EIT. However, in the TGJT, the effect of CV was significant. These results highlight the predictive power of L2 processing automaticity in the receptive task involving L2 morphological use.
Secure RoF based 5G backhaul communication using semiconductor laser generated optical chaos
Authors: Nazakat Zainab , Kaleem Mahnoor , Qamar Farhan , Shahzadi Romana
Published: December 2023

The fifth generation is considered as the revolutionary technology around the world, but this revolution brings many challenges along with it, especially when employ the advance properties such as massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antennae, network densification and new spectrum exploration etc. One more challenge which we consider working on is the cost effective, secure backhaul communication system. The connection of massive and large traffic cells with the core network by using backhaul demands extraordinary requirements concerning availability, latency, capacity, cost efficiency and most importantly security. In the present work, we demonstrated the security implementation in 5G backhaul network by securing RoF signal through optical chaos generated by semiconductor laser. RoF signal of 60 GHz is generated in unlicensed band and after chaos masking with chaos, signal is transmitted over optical fiber to analyze the results. Simulations are carried out by using licensed software (Optisystem version 14.0) and results are analyzed by using multiple data rates and fiber lengths. Moreover, analysis of our scheme is carried out by using RZ and NRZ formats and by varying the power of the laser.
The Functional Grammar of Dance applied to ELAN annotation: meaning beyond the naked eye
Authors: Maiorani Arianna , Liu Chun
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this article is to show how Functional Grammar of Dance (FGD) can be applied to dance discourse analysis to reveal the discursive strategies that underlie choreographies and support movement-based communication. In recent years, studies in Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA) have benefited from the development of several models of analysis, and from the emergence of a new focus on the materiality of semiotic modes. The Functional Grammar of Dance is a recently developed model of analysis that draws on Systemic Functional Linguistics theory and focuses on movement-based communication starting from dance (particularly ballet as a starting point). The Functional Grammar of Dance has been adopted as a central theory in an international collaborative project funded by the AHRC (Arts and Humanities Research Council) in the UK and the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, ‘German Research Foundation’) in Germany, The Kinesemiotic Body, where it has been used with the ELAN annotation system. ELAN annotation based on the Functional Grammar of Dance was used for both live-collected data from dance rehearsals and for dance videos and revealed aspects of dance performances that are not necessarily captured by the naked eye. This paper proposes three case studies where we show that our ELAN annotation with the FGD provides an effective and very flexible interface for the grammaticalization of movement-based communication and the study of movement-based discursive strategies.
Evaluations of appropriateness through impoliteness in political discourse reframed for entertainment purposes
Authors: Chankova Mariya
Published: December 2023

This contribution takes a look at video-sharing platforms to highlight a popular entertainment format which consists in re-framing political discourse for the purposes of entertaining the audience and, at the same time, providing an evaluation of that discourse. Evaluations of political discourse uncover the role and importance imputed to it by those who are outside of the political system, but who are directly impacted by it, that is, the people. A sample of French-language data, collected from YouTube, is examined for the categories of evaluation which are used by the authors, which are conjectured to represent the ideas ordinary citizens have about political discourse. Reframing political discourse carries these evaluations through offensive language and humor. Teasing out the relevant parameters of evaluation can provide a basis for understanding how regular citizens gauge political discourse. Appropriateness appears to be an important evaluation criterion pertaining to the characteristics of political discourse, occurring in a particular context.
“Somewhere along your pedigree, a bitch got over the wall!” A proposal of implicitly offensive language typology
Authors: Despot Kristina Š. , Anić Ana Ostroški , Veale Tony
Published: December 2023

The automatic detection of implicitly offensive language is a challenge for NLP, as such language is subtle, contextual, and plausibly deniable, but it is becoming increasingly important with the wider use of large language models to generate human-quality texts. This study argues that current difficulties in detecting implicit offence are exacerbated by multiple factors: (a) inadequate definitions of implicit and explicit offense; (b) an insufficient typology of implicit offence; and (c) a dearth of detailed analysis of implicitly offensive linguistic data. In this study, based on a qualitative analysis of an implicitly offensive dataset, a new typology of implicitly offensive language is proposed along with a detailed, example-led account of the new typology, an operational definition of implicitly offensive language, and a thorough analysis of the role of figurative language and humour in each type. Our analyses identify three main issues with previous datasets and typologies used in NLP approaches: (a) conflating content and form in the annotation; (b) treating figurativeness, particularly metaphor, as the main device of implicitness, while ignoring its equally important role in the explicit offence; and (c) an over-focus on form-specific datasets (e.g. focusing only on offensive comparisons), which fails to reflect the full complexity of offensive language use.
Organic acid fractionation of hardwoods planted in social forestry
Authors: Islam Sharmin , Popy Razia Sultana , Likhon M. Nur Alam , Rahman M. Mostafizur , Jahan M. Sarwar
Published: December 2023

Trema orientalis and Trewia nudiflora are the fastest rotation trees (3–4 years’ rotation) in Bangladesh, and experimentally planted in social forestry in Gazipur district. Biorefinery is the most cited topic in research recent era in order to established circular bioeconomy. In established a biorefinery initiative, both species were fractionated into pulp, lignin and hemicellulose by formic acid (FA) treatment at atmospheric conditions. After alkaline peroxide bleaching of FA treated pulp, the yield was 47.0 % and 41.0 % with α-cellulose of 82.39 % and 81.61 %, and residual pentosan content of 9.26 % and 11.13 % for T. orientalis and T. nudiflora, respectively. The brightness of the pulps was 84.5 % and 85.0 %. Cold alkali extraction of the bleached pulp increased α-cellulose to 92.36 % and 91.29 % which was suitable for cellulose derivatives. Lignin was separated from the spent liquor by adding water. The FA lignin from hardwood replaced 20 % phenol in phenol-formaldehyde resin preparation without sacrifice of shear strength. The lignin separated FA liquor contains mainly pentose sugars, which was subsequently converted to furfural with a yield of 41.39 % and 41.72 % at 170 °C using 0.1 % H2SO4 catalyst from T. orientalis and T. nudiflora, respectively.
Simple preparation of silicone rubber Pickering emulsions using silica nanoparticles for water-borne thermal protection coating
Authors: Gao Chao , He Chen , Zeng Yibing , Wu Xiaohui , Yan Xue , Wu Xiaofeng , Li Chenguang , Li Boqian , Feng Anchao
Published: December 2023

In this study, we aimed to develop stable silicone rubber Pickering emulsions by employing silica nanoparticles as stabilizers in order to produce a water-borne thermal protection coating. Initially, silica nanoparticles were synthesized using the Stöber method and subsequently functionalized with γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GTMS). The size and grafting efficiency of the GTMS-modified silica nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Furthermore, the functionalization mechanism was elucidated by monitoring the pH and Zeta potential of the silica sols. Subsequently, the silicone rubber Pickering emulsion was prepared via the emulsion inversion point method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The emulsification process was analyzed by measuring the conductivity of the emulsion during the phase transition. Finally, the water-borne coating was formulated by blending the emulsions with Kaolin, glass fiber, and glass microspheres. The thermal protection performance of the resulting coating was evaluated under typical test conditions, with the highest heat flow reaching 242 kW m−2 for 40 s.
Do letters matter? The influence of spelling on acoustic duration
Authors: Muschalik Julia , Kunter Gero
Published: December 2023

The present article describes a modified and extended replication of a corpus study by Brewer (2008. Phonetic reflexes of orthographic characteristics in lexical representation. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona PhD thesis) which reports differences in the acoustic duration of homophonous but heterographic sounds. The original findings point to a quantity effect of spelling on acoustic duration, i.e., the more letters are used to spell a sound, the longer the sound’s duration. Such a finding would have extensive theoretical implications and necessitate more research on how exactly spelling would come to influence speech production. However, the effects found by Brewer (2008) did not consistently reach statistical significance and the analysis did not include many of the covariates which are known by now to influence segment duration, rendering the robustness of the results at least questionable. Employing a more nuanced operationalization of graphemic units and a more advanced statistical analysis, the current replication fails to find the reported effect of letter quantity. Instead, we find an effect of graphemic complexity. Speakers realize consonants that do not have a visible graphemic correlate with shorter durations: the /s/ in tux is shorter that the /s/ in fuss. The effect presumably resembles orthographic visibility effects found in perception. In addition, our results highlight the need for a more rigorous approach to replicability in linguistics.
Urbanität und Geselligkeit
Authors: Christoph Heller Jakob
Published: December 2023

The article explores the early Romantic theories of Friedrich Schlegel and Friedrich Schleiermacher, focusing on their re-conception of urbanity (urbanitas) as it relates to the Romantic project of a union of poetry and life. The article argues that Schlegel and Schleiermacher work to establish a newethosof interaction (indifferent to the medium) that claims validity in the literary and social fields. It reconstructs Schlegel’s theory of the formation ofethosduring theAthenäumperiod, which he applies to the writer as the paradigm of the ‚speaker‘ under new public conditions and the essay as the paradigm of negotiating uncertain knowledge. Schleiermacher’s attempt to develop a theory of social behaviour, which emerged during his time in Berlin, forms the complement to Schlegel’s poetics on the side of social practice. The essay thus shows how rhetorical knowledge is reformulated and connected to practice after the end of the discipline.
Acute Effect of Different Velocity-Based Training Protocols on 2000-meter Rowing Ergometer Performance
Authors: Quidel-Catrilelbún Mauricio Elias Leandro , Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , García-Pinillos Felipe , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Leandro Quidel-Catrilelbún, ME, Ruiz-Alias, SA, García-Pinillos, F, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Pérez-Castilla, A. Acute effect of different velocity-based training protocols on 2000-m rowing ergometer performance. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): e8–e15, 2024—This study aimed to explore the acute effect of 4 velocity-based resistance training (VBT) protocols on 2000-m rowing ergometer (RE2000) time trial, as well as the behavior of the maximal neuromuscular capacities when RE2000 is performed alone or preceded by VBT protocols in the same session. Fifteen male competitive rowers (15–22 years) undertook 5 randomized protocols in separate occasions: (a) RE2000 alone (control condition); (b) VBT against 60% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) with a velocity loss in the set of 10% followed by RE2000 (VBT60-10 + RE2000); (c) VBT against 60% 1RM with a velocity loss in the set of 30% followed by RE2000 (VBT60-30 + RE2000); (d) VBT against 80% 1RM with a velocity loss in the set of 10% followed by RE2000 (VBT80-10 + RE2000); (e) VBT against 80% 1RM with a velocity loss in the set of 30% followed by RE2000 (VBT80-30 + RE2000). The load-velocity relationship (load-axis intercept [L

0
], velocity-axis intercept [v

0
], and area under the load-velocity relationship line [A

line
]) was used to evaluate the maximal neuromuscular capacities during the prone bench pull exercise before and after each protocol. The time trial was significantly longer for VBT60-30 + RE2000 and VBT80-30 + RE2000 than for RE2000, VBT60-10 + RE2000 and VBT80-10 + RE2000 (all p < 0.001; ES = 0.10–0.15). L

0
and A

line
were significantly reduced after all protocols (p < 0.001; ES = 0.10–0.13), with A

line
reduction more accentuated for VBT60-10 + RE2000, VBT60-30 + RE2000, VBT80-30 + RE2000, and RE2000 (all p = 0.001; ES = 0.11–0.18) than for VBT80-10 + RE2000 (p = 0.065; ES = 0.05). Therefore, VBT protocols with greater velocity loss in the set (30% vs. 10%) negatively affected subsequent rowing ergometer performance, in line with impairment in A

line
pulling performance.
Simulated Soccer Game Protocols: A Systematic Review on Validated Protocols That Represent the Demands of the Game
Authors: Brito Pedro , Costa Júlio A. , Figueiredo Pedro , Brito João
Published: December 2023

Brito, P, Costa, J, Figueiredo, P, and Brito, J. Simulated soccer game protocols: A systematic review on validated protocols that represent the demands of the game. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 192–205, 2024—Several laboratory and field testing protocols have been developed attempting to simulate the activity pattern and physiological demands of soccer. In the present systematic review, we aimed to analyze and discuss the appropriateness, strengths, and limitations of soccer-specific simulated tests. A systematic review of the literature was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Studies conducted in soccer, simulated soccer match tests, and validated simulation protocols performed on-the-field or on a treadmill were considered. No sex restriction was applied, and age >18 years (i.e., adults) was considered. At least 1 outcome measure (e.g., neuromuscular performance, external load, internal load, or psychometric state) of post-simulated-match test or protocol had to be reported. Within the 14 studies included, the average methodological quality of the included articles was 0.61 ± 0.09 (mean ± SD) of 1. Overall, 9 validated protocols were identified. In the protocols, only amateur, university, or semiprofessional soccer players were analyzed. Only one study evaluated female soccer players. None of the studies evaluated the effect on performance over the 2–3 days after the protocol. Accelerations and decelerations, and changes in direction typically present in a game have not been clearly described in any protocol. Future research should address this issue and validate soccer-specific protocols in women.
Effects of Repeated Jump Testing and Diurnal Changes on Subsequent Countermovement Jump and Squat Jump Output and Force-Time Characteristics
Authors: Harrison Peter W. , James Lachlan P. , Jenkins David G. , Holmberg Patrick M. , Kelly Vincent G.
Published: December 2023

Harrison, PW, James, LP, Jenkins, DG, Holmberg, PM, and Kelly, VG. Effects of repeated jump testing and diurnal changes on subsequent countermovement jump and squat jump output and force-time characteristics. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 174–179, 2024—The aim of this brief study was to investigate the effects of repeated jump testing on performance over 2 consecutive days while considering the possibility of diurnal changes. Fourteen male subjects and 14 recreationally active female subjects completed countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) testing on 5 occasions (baseline [0,800], 5 minutes [0,820], 8 hours [1,600], 24 hours [0,800], and 32 hours [1,600]) over 32 hours. An additional rested baseline test was conducted on a separate day in the afternoon (1,600) to compare jump performance between morning and afternoon baseline values. Excluding small decreases in CMJ height at 24 hours (p = 0.292, Cliff’s delta = −0.225) in male subjects and similar decreases in CMJ height at 5 minutes (p = 0.034, Cliff’s delta = −0.245) in addition to SJ height:contraction time at 32 hours (p = 0.126, Cliff’s delta = 0.153) in female subjects, findings generally showed no changes in jump performance over multiple assessments. Squat jump metrics may have showed small improvements between morning and afternoon baseline values in male subjects (SJ height:contraction time [p = 0.030, Cliff’s delta = 0.225]) and female subjects (SJ height [p = 0.013, Cliff’s delta = 0.173] and SJ height:contraction time [p = 0.091, Cliff’s delta = 0.163)]. As jump performance was largely unaffected by repeated jump testing, the present findings support the use of monitoring practices and research designs that require multiple jump assessments within acute periods (∼32 hours).
Increased Interhemispheric Connectivity of a Distinct Type of Hippocampal Pyramidal Cells
Authors: Stevens Nikolas Andreas , Lankisch Katja , Draguhn Andreas , Engelhardt Maren , Both Martin , Thome Christian
Published: December 2023

Neurons typically generate action potentials at their axon initial segment based on the integration of synaptic inputs. In many neurons, the axon extends from the soma, equally weighting dendritic inputs. A notable exception is found in a subset of hippocampal pyramidal cells where the axon emerges from a basal dendrite. This structure allows these axon-carrying dendrites (AcDs) a privileged input route. We found that in male mice, such cells in the CA1 region receive stronger excitatory input from the contralateral CA3, compared with those with somatic axon origins. This is supported by a higher count of putative synapses from contralateral CA3 on the AcD. These findings, combined with prior observations of their distinct role in sharp-wave ripple firing, suggest a key role of this neuron subset in coordinating bi-hemispheric hippocampal activity during memory-centric oscillations.
Facile SERS substrates from Ag nanostructures chemically synthesized on glass surfaces
Authors: Mazur N.V. , Kapush O.A. , Isaeva O.F. , Budzulyak S.I. , Buziashvili A.Yu. , Pirko Y.V. , Skoryk M.А. , Yemets A.I. , Hreshchuk O.M. , Yukhymchuk V. , Dzhagan V.M.
Published: December 2023

A quick one-step fabrication of efficient SERS substrates by a modified approach based on a silver-mirror reaction (using Tollens’ reagent) is reported. Commercially available microscope slides or cover glass (coverslips) were used as-received, without special surface treatment. In contrast to the commonly used two-step process, the composition of the Tollens reagent was modified to use a single-step process. The obtained rather homogeneous films of densely packed nanoislands are promising for application as substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), as demonstrated by several different kinds of molecules as analytes. In particular, the achieved level of detection of a standard dye analyte, down to 10-14 M of Rhodamine 6G, is in the range of best values reported in the literature. Low concentrations of some biomolecules are also detected, such as lysozyme (10-4 M), adenine (10-4 M), and salicylic acid (10-5 M). For some analytes, stronger SERS was observed in the drop, and for others after the solvent was dried. The possible reasons for this effect are described. By applying thermal annealing in the inert gas atmosphere, the Ag film morphology can be partially converted into a coral-like 3D structure that may be advantageous for the localization of the analyte in the “hot spots” and allow additional spectral tunability of the plasmon resonance.
El palacio real menor de Barcelona y su capilla. Reformas del siglo XVI
Authors: López Torrijos Rosa , García Ciruelos Rebeca
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer las reformas realizadas en el Palacio Real Menor de Barcelona en el siglo XVI promovidas por la familia Requesens. Destacan en este momento las mejoras introducidas por la condesa de Palamós, Hipólita Roís de Liori, que afectan tanto a algunas salas principales del palacio como a la capilla del mismo. Igualmente se pretende aclarar quién fue el encargado de algunas de estas remodelaciones y en qué consistieron. Este proceso de reformas es continuado por los sucesores de la condesa, en especial su nieto, Luis de Requesens. En esta investigación se aporta una novedosa documentación que ofrece datos técnicos, económicos y administrativos referentes a las obras que Luis de Requesens quiere ejecutar en su palacio, una vez establecido contacto en Génova con Giovanni Battista Castello. También aporta noticias sobre aspectos más personales como los deseos e intereses de Requesens por engrandecer y embellecer el patrimonio recibido de sus antepasados.
Las argucias de la razón nacionalista
Authors: Iñigo Clavo María
Published: December 2023

El título de este ensayo está basado en el texto de Pierre Bourdieu y Loic Wacquat titulado “Las argucias de la razón imperialista”, donde discuten la pertinencia de transferir conceptos de raza del contexto estadounidense al brasileño. Los autores consideran que este concepto es un falso amigo por usar las mismas palabras significando cosas distintas en espacios que construyen su racismo de forma diferente. Éste es justamente mi objetivo, comprender ciertos usos de la “teoría poscolonial” en Brasil y la complejidad de conceptos como el mestizaje. Un buen punto de partida para este artículo es la siguiente contradicción: en el extranjero Brasil es un gran foco de interés por su condición poscolonial, la potencia de sus discursos de hibridez racial o conceptos como la antropofagia cultural. Todo ello le convierten en un enclave interesante para desafiar el eurocentrismo. Pero dentro del país poco, o casi nada de interés, se ha prestado a los estudios poscoloniales, especialmente en la Academia. ¿Por qué esta limitación? Usaremos un estudio de caso para mostrar esta transferencia: la exposición Histórias Mestiças realizada en 2014.
El marqués de Campo y sus estrategias de promoción social en el Madrid de finales del siglo XIX. Una visión artística a través de la prensa
Authors: Franco Llopis Borja
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo analiza uno de los personajes más importantes de la nueva nobleza valenciana del siglo XIX y su promoción social y artística en la Madrid finisecular. Para ello nos valemos, principalmente, de las reseñas periodísticas que describen su patrimonio así como su distinción frente a la vetusta nobleza que luchaba por mantener su estatus ante el ascenso de los burgueses enriquecidos.
LA POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA DEL ESTADO MEXICANO EN RELACIÓN A LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL DEL PROFESORADO DE LAS ESCUELAS NORMALES RURALES
Authors: Salas Marín Luis Darío
Published: December 2023

La consolidación del Estado nacional mexicano y su sistema educativo, no se comprenden en conjunto, sino se tiene en cuenta el papel jugado por las Escuelas Normales Rurales (ENR) a favor de esa definición durante el siglo XX. En la actualidad, desde las esferas del poder político y económico pretender eliminar este tipo de escuelas, significara dejar en el olvido la formación del profesorado con vocación de servicio en el medio rural. En dieciséis entidades federativas se reparten igual número de ENR, éstas luchan, de la mano de sus estudiantes, no solo por sobrevivir, sino por desarrollar una praxis política a favor de la educación infantil que supere un currículo desruralizado e impuesto desde el aparato de Estado. Resulta necesario que la investigación educativa haga estudios relacionados con las normales rurales a fin de incidir en las políticas públicas a favor de este tipo de proyectos educativos.
The Use of Virtual Reality as an Aid Tool in the Implementation of a Radiopharmacy Center in a Nuclear Medicine Service
Authors: Machado Daniel Mol , Assis Mônica de , Mól Antonio Carlos de Abreu , Santo Andre Cotelli do Espirito , Suita Julio , Lapa Celso Marcelo
Published: December 2023

The preparations of radiopharmaceuticals must follow the parameters of quality, efficacy, and safety (pharmaceutical and nuclear), complying with all the requirements established in good manufacturing practices, guaranteed by the physical structure, layout, safety, and radiological protection, which are also fundamental for the correct flow to be followed for excellence in the functioning of the service. One of the main problems is related to the flow of radiopharmaceuticals, which implies exposure to ionizing radiation, which in turn poses serious biological risks to the human body. simple erythema (redness) to the acute radiation syndrome, which can even be lethal. Factors like this corroborate the need for training that simulate real situations, however, situations like this are limited, due to the risk to which a non-specialized professional can be exposed if radioprotection standards are not obeyed. The present work aims to propose and evaluate the use of virtual reality (VR) technology for training and qualification of professionals in a radiopharmacy. The applied methodology was divided into four stages, initially the rules and regulations regarding the Nuclear Medicine Service published by ANVISA, CNEN and international recommendations by the IAEA were analyzed in detail, in the second stage visits were carried out in public and private hospitals in the Rio de Janeiro that present the nuclear medicine service, in the third stage the virtual environment (simulator) was built, and the fourth stage proposed strategies to carry out training, considering a new technique for teaching. The use of virtual reality, through a simulator, allowed the creation of a graphical environment with a realistic appearance, in which the user can navigate in this environment and manipulate the virtual world. Therefore, it is expected that this tool can help in the planning and training of radiopharmacy professionals.
Importância e aspectos clínicos da dermatite de contato por própolis
Authors: Silva Belluco Paulo Eduardo , Domingues Ferreira Maurício , da Silva Maciel Azevedo Fabíola da Silva Maciel Azevedo , Zabulon Feijó Belluco Rosana , Matos Santiago Reis Carmelia
Published: December 2023

Objetivos: própolis é a substância resinosa que as abelhas coletam de plantas para a construção de suas colmeias. O objetivo dessa revisão foi ressaltar a importância do diagnóstico de dermatite de contato relacionada com própolis e aspectos clínicos relevantes dessa doença. Métodos: revisão narrativa da literatura realizada através da pesquisa nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados: foram encontrados 246 artigos e, após o processo de seleção e leitura, foram incluídas 32 publicações. Conclusões: a hipersensibilidade tardia ao própolis é de extrema importância pois a prevalência dessa alergia é crescente em diversas partes do mundo. Precisamos de estudos nacionais para avaliar nossa realidade. A comprovação de alta prevalência em nosso meio permitirá a inclusão desta substância em outras baterias de testes de contato em nosso país.
[Tradução para o inglês] O impacto das infecções urinárias recorrentes na qualidade de vida de mulheres em atendimento ambulatorial no Brasil
Authors: Garcia Lourenção Luciano , Flores de Oliveira Jacqueline , Carraro-Eduardo José Carlos , Machado Homem Giovani , Faria Carlos Augusto
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto das infecções recorrentes do trato urinário na qualidade de vida de mulheres com infecções recorrentes, em atendimento ambulatorial. Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo e analítico, realizado com 98 mulheres atendidas em ambulatório de um hospital público de ensino da cidade de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, sendo 49 mulheres com infecções recorrentes de trato urinário, confirmadas pela cultura de urina, sem complicações e 49 mulheres sem infecções recorrentes de trato urinário, pareadas por idade. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada utilizando a versão brasileira do questionário abreviado da Organização Mundial de Saúde, o WHOQOL-Bref. Resultados: Mulheres com infecções do trato urinário apresentaram maior comprometimento da qualidade de vida nos domínios físico (p = 0,007) e psicológico (p = 0,038), e demonstraram maior escore de qualidade de vida na auto avaliação (p = 0,002), quando comparadas ao grupo controle. As mulheres com infecção urinária recorrente apresentaram escores médios significativamente menores do que o grupo controle nas facetas Energia e fadiga (p = 0,003), Sentimentos positivos (p = 0,014), Autoestima (p = 0,040), Dependência de medicação (p = 0,029), Sentimentos negativos (p = 0,023) e Recreação e lazer (p = 0,041). Conclusão: As infecções recorrentes do trato urinário causam impacto na qualidade de vida das mulheres, principalmente nos domínios Físico e Psicológico, representando um problema significativo para as mulheres, para os profissionais de saúde e para o sistema de saúde.
Nationalisms, Liberalism, and Game of Force: The New Transformations of Global Governance Between WHO and WTO in the 21st Century
Authors:   LUISS Guido Carli University (Italy), Lavdari Frans
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and the conflict in Ukraine have brought to the surface problems of the modern world that the international community has not seriously addressed. These problems appear to be, on the one hand, the management of global public health and, on the other, relations between states on international trade. These situations are linked to circumstances that have altered the power relations of states over the years, challenging the centrality of the West and the already fragile power of UN institutions. This research analyses the international situation of two UN bodies: the WHO and the WTO, addressing the governance crisis on public health and international trade and trying to understand the causes of the decline in the leadership of their institutions. Adopting a thorough literature review, the findings show how faulty leadership within the UN has led to a significant increase in nationalism among emerging nations, distrust and lack of cooperation. The divergent political visions of members have radically shaken the international balance, triggering a cycle of change in the governance of global health and global trade on a new premise, that of ‘multilevel’ global governance.
The Criminality of Foreign Nationals in Switzerland as a Security Threat in the Context of Swiss Migration Policy
Authors:   General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces (Poland), Olbrycht Paweł
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research was to investigate the scale of crime by foreign nationals in Switzerland in the context of the effectiveness of the assumptions of the migration policy of that state in the area of security. Materials and methods: The research uses literature sources and statistical data on the crime of foreign nationals in Switzerland and its migration policy. The author used qualitative research methods, including the query of literature and strategic documents (using the content analysis technique) and the analysis of statistical data (using the desk research technique). Results: In the context of the three analysed factors, the following trends can be observed: steadily declining crime in Switzerland; the relatively constant level of crime by foreign nationals, especially since 2018; constant, although relatively mildly growing, percentage of foreign nationals’ crime in the overall crime scale. Conclusions: In the context of the assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of the assumptions of Switzerland’s migration policy in the area of security, it should be noted that the relatively constant level of the crime rate of foreign nationals, despite their constantly growing population, proves the optimality of these assumptions and their highly effective implementation.
Organization of General Elections during a Pandemic. A Comparative Analysis of Poland and the Czech Republic
Authors:   University of Szczecin (Poland), Miszczuk Rafał , Martyniuk-Placha Joanna ,   University of Szczecin (Poland)
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper is a comparative analysis of the new methods used to organise the 2020 general elections in Poland and the Czech Republic, which were held in the state of the SARS-19 virus pandemic. This paper analyses the voting methods introduced in connection with sanitary regulations in both countries and the scale of votes cast in this way in relation to the total. It discusses and compares the requirements introduced that voters and electoral commission members had to meet on voting day to minimise the risk of infection with the virus. The text shows a number of similarities in both countries in terms of the measures applied to prevent the spread of the virus associated with a personal visit to a polling station. An additional aspect of the comparative analysis of the covid-voting methods in the two countries was a discussion of voting rules for those infected or in quarantine on voting day. Analysis of the data showed that in both countries the alternative voting method, was not very popular.
Etnografia em contexto carcerário: explorando potencialidades e limites*
Authors: Frois Catarina , Osuna Carmen , Lima Antónia Pedroso de
Published: December 2023

Resumo Este artigo compara duas pesquisas etnográficas em contexto penitenciário – uma prisão masculina em Portugal e uma prisão feminina em Espanha – a partir de duas perspectivas: 1) uma dimensão metodológica: ser uma antropóloga mulher tem influência no desenrolar da investigação empírica em prisões femininas e em prisões masculinas, condiciona o acesso ao terreno, observação do quotidiano prisional e as relações que se constroem com os interlocutores; 2) uma dimensão analítica: as relações de género são centrais para perceber as dinâmicas construídas entre a população reclusa, nos seus processos de convivência quotidiana e de estabelecimento de hierarquias, mas elas devem ser integradas nas relações de classe e género em que estão inseridas. Assim, defendemos uma perspectiva interseccional para compreender as dinâmicas relacionais entre os diferentes sujeitos na prisão – guardas, administradores, trabalhadores, presos – e entre eles e as pesquisadoras. No final, reflectimos sobre subjectividade e reflexividade em trabalho de campo que apresenta exigências particulares no modo como gerimos emoções, distância e proximidade.
COMPARATIVE CATALYTIC STUDY OF PURE COBALT OXIDE SPINEL AND NON-NOBLE METAL DOPED COBALT OXIDE SPINEL FOR SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF ALCOHOL TO ALDEHYDE: A REVIEW
Authors: Pawar Kajal , Pagare Rushikesh , More Pavan , Pawar Nagesh
Published: December 2023

The selective oxidation of alcohol by heterogeneous catalysts, such as noble and non-noble metal oxide spinels and doped metal oxide spinels, is one of the challenging and interesting routes in catalysis. In this review, the selective oxidation mechanism of non-noble cobalt oxide spinel and various metal-doped cobalt oxide spinel-based catalyst systems are examined. Selective oxidation of alcohol to aldehyde by using cobalt oxide spinel (Co3O4) and various metal-doped cobalt oxide spinels (Fe, Mn, Ni, Al, Cu, Sr) has been reviewed carefully. The selective oxidation by pure cobalt oxide spinel showed higher activity. However, a large number of studies have also been devoted to selective oxidation by various metal-doped cobalt oxide spinels. The metal-doped Co3O4 showed higher selective oxidation activity compared to the pure spinel Co3O4. The mechanistic aspects and the role of cobalt and doping metal in the selective oxidation of alcohol have been studied thoroughly.
APPLICATION OF SKELETAL BIOMECHANICS TO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Nachiar Sindhu S. , Satyanarayanan K. S.
Published: December 2023

The concept of green construction enables a revolutionary change in construction sector in terms of design, production, and management. One such method is introducing the concept of biomimicry. Biomimicry is utilized in the field of design to solve problems. This paper mainly discusses the mimicking of human skeleton for structural design. The idea is mimicking humerus bone as a tension member and femur bone as a compression member. The optimized members of compression and tension (strut and tie) were put together to form the mimicked king post truss analytically with the conventional cross-section truss. Three cases were considered analytically with average diameter, maximum diameter, and equivalent self-weight to the members of mimicked truss, and experimentally testing with non-destructive test and point-load test. The result shows that the ultimate load-carrying capacity of critical compression member and tension member was 846.16 and 1952 kN, respectively, whereas the achieved load was 780.30 and 1729 kN. Also, the ratio of analytical stiffness to self-weight is 21.83 mm-1 and the ratio of experimental stiffness to self-weight was 19.15 mm-1. Therefore, from the results it was observed that the equivalent results for mimic truss can be achieved in a truss which is modeled of equivalent self-weight. Hence, the development and use of structural elements using biomimicry is feasible and will lead to economic, green, and energy-efficient structures.
TWO-LEVEL MODEL OF COMPOSITE SYNTHESIS ON A SUBSTRATE FROM A POWDER MIXTURE OF TiO2 AND Al2 STRUCTURE OF THE REACTION ZONE IN A TWO-LEVEL MODEL OF COATING SYNTHESIS
Authors: Anisimova Mariia A. , Knyazeva Anna G. , Chumakov Yurii A.
Published: December 2023

Modern technologies of composite coatings synthesis often use chemically reacting mixtures in combination
with moving high-energy heat sources. The chemical transformations that occur during this process can be divided into two groups. The first group leads to the formation of strengthening particles, the secondto the matrix composition formation. In this work, a two-level model of coatings synthesis with reduced scheme of chemical reactions is proposed. It is assumed that chemical reactions occur at the particle level, so the local volume of initial powders mixture is replaced by a conventional reaction cell. The averaged information is transferred to the macrolevel, where the temperature field is calculated. The possibility of calculating accompanying stresses and deformations of the second kind has been demonstrated. Different synthesis modes have been identified.
Alternative salt frost scaling test procedure for exposure class XF2
Authors: Müller Matthias , Seidel Maik , Ludwig Horst-Michael , Müller Christoph
Published: December 2023

Concrete structures in cold and moderate climates are often exposed to a combined salt frost attack, which can cause scaling damage. Consequently, numerous test procedures were developed to determine the resistance of concrete compositions against this kind of attack. These tests mimic a severe attack with high levels of saturation, which is typical for horizontal concrete elements or structures, such as concrete pavements. Very few approaches exist for testing the salt frost scaling resistance of concretes for vertical concrete elements like bridge columns, which are subjected to only moderate levels of saturation during salt frost attack (exposure class XF2). As such elements usually didn’t show notable scaling damage in practice, this hasn’t posed a problem until recently. However, the increasing use of low carbon cements with high clinker substitution rates might increase the vulnerability against salt frost exposure for such concrete elements to some extent. To ensure adequate durability it is desirable to determine the performance of the concrete in an actual test procedure instead of relying on descriptive criteria alone. Thus, a less severe test method was developed, which is based on the CDF test. It was shown that the modified test procedure can distinguish correctly between different concrete qualities. Furthermore, the applicability of an acceptance criterion for the method was investigated.
Prognostic Models in Nephrology: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go from Here? Mapping Out the Evidence in a Scoping Review
Authors: Milders Jet , Ramspek Chava L. , Janse Roemer J. , Bos Willem Jan W. , Rotmans Joris I. , Dekker Friedo W. , van Diepen Merel
Published: December 2023

Prognostic models can strongly support individualized care provision and well-informed shared decision making. There has been an upsurge of prognostic research in the field of nephrology, but the uptake of prognostic models in clinical practice remains limited. Therefore, we map out the research field of prognostic models for kidney patients and provide directions on how to proceed from here. We performed a scoping review of studies developing, validating, or updating a prognostic model for patients with CKD. We searched all published models in PubMed and Embase and report predicted outcomes, methodological quality, and validation and/or updating efforts. We found 602 studies, of which 30.1% concerned CKD populations, 31.6% dialysis populations, and 38.4% kidney transplantation populations. The most frequently predicted outcomes were mortality (n=129), kidney disease progression (n=75), and kidney graft survival (n=54). Most studies provided discrimination measures (80.4%), but much less showed calibration results (43.4%). Of the 415 development studies, 28.0% did not perform any validation and 57.6% performed only internal validation. Moreover, only 111 models (26.7%) were externally validated either in the development study itself or in an independent external validation study. Finally, in 45.8% of development studies no useable version of the model was reported. To conclude, many prognostic models have been developed for patients with CKD, mainly for outcomes related to kidney disease progression and patient/graft survival. To bridge the gap between prediction research and kidney patient care, patient-reported outcomes, methodological rigor, complete reporting of prognostic models, external validation, updating, and impact assessment urgently need more attention.