bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge improvement of agricultural extender through technical guidance of paddy soil test kit
Authors: Yahumri Y. , Fauzi E. , Putra W.E. , Ishak A. , Alfayanti Alfayanti , Miswarti Miswarti , Firison J. , Hidayat T. , Efendi Z. , Rosmanah S. , Ramon E. , Rahman T. , Afrizon A.
Published: March 2023

Paddy Soil Test Kit is one of the appropriate instruments to determine the nutrient status of lowland paddy and preparation of site-specific fertilization recommendations to increase rice productivity. Agriculture extension agents as technology transfer agents have a strategic role. Technical Guidance is needed to improve knowledge of agriculture extension. This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge of agricultural instructors on Technical Guidance use of Paddy Soil Test Kit and Preparation of Site-Specific Fertilization Recommendations. Data collection was carried out before and after implementation of Technical Guidance through direct interviews with a questionnaire guide. The evaluation was carried out on all participants of technical guidance, totaling 32 extension workers from representatives of 11 sub-districts throughout Bengkulu Selatan Regency by providing pretest and posttest to determine the increase in knowledge of Technical Guidance participants. The level of knowledge of participants is calculated using index % formula. The significance of increasing knowledge of technical and technical training participants was analyzed using non-parametric Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test statistical analysis. Correlation test to determine level of knowledge on age, experience, and education. Results of the analysis showed that there was a very significant increase (<0.05) in the knowledge of officers after the implementation of technical guidance from an index of 52.58% (low category) to 84.83% (high category). There is no correlation between increasing knowledge about Paddy Soil Test Kit with age (sig > 0.05) which is 0.571, experience 0.661, and education 0.130.
Effect landslide hazard mitigation using an integrated of Analytical Hierarchy Process and Multi Criteria Evaluation: A case study the Jeneberang watershed
Authors: Arfadly A.R. , Zubair H. , Mahyuddin M. , Soma A.S.
Published: March 2023

Jeneberang watershed has an important role in maintaining environmental stability, especially for the surrounding area. In 2004 a landslide occurred in the Jeneberang watershed which caused casualties and material losses. This study aims to determine the distribution and level of vulnerability to landslides in the Jeneberang watershed and to formulate an effective scenario to reduce the level of vulnerability. This research is located the Jeneberang watershed, South Sulawesi Province. The data used include data on the weight of each parameter and criteria for determining landslide susceptibility obtained from expert interviews, land use maps obtained from analysis of Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery in 2020, slope maps, rainfall maps, forest area status maps, and map type. soil. The method used is the integration of AHP and MCE for landslide hazard assessment, GIS analysis and spatial decision-making for scenario simulation. The results of the analysis show that the rainfall parameter has the highest weight in determining the level of landslide susceptibility with a value of 0.327, the results of the MCE analysis for assessing the level of landslide susceptibility in the Jeneberang watershed show an area of 18.829 ha. or 18% of the Jeneberang watershed area which is classified as high hazard. The results of the analysis show that the use of an effective scenario reduces the landslide hazard at a high level of hazard. In the optimistic scenario, it can reduce the high vulnerability level by 9.14%, while in the moderate scenario it is effective in reducing the high vulnerability level by 8.72%.
Peatland nutrient status and Liberica coffee seedlings growth as a response to biofertilizer
Authors: Hafif B. , Sasmita K.D. , Wibowo N.A. , Ferry Y. , Herman M.
Published: March 2023

Knowing the nutrient status of growing media is a strategy for precision agriculture. The research aims to study the Liberica coffee seedling response to the nutrient status of peat under the influence of bio-fertilizer. The experiment used a completely randomized design in a factorial treatment arrangement with six replications. 1st factor was peat types; fibric, hemic, and sapric and 2nd factor were inoculated and non-inoculated peat by cellulolytic bacteria. Liberica coffee seedlings were found very responsive to P2O5 and Ca deficiencies, so the growth was not optimal on sapric, whereas the seedlings did not seem to respond to the low K status in fibric. The enrichment of cellulolytic bacteria increased the P2O5 of sapric from deficiency (6.84 ppm) to high (12.25 ppm), although the effect was not yet significant to improve the seedling growth. By cellulolytic bacteria enrichment, stem diameter, stem height, and leaves numbers of Liberica coffee seedlings on fibric added 2.33 mm, 9.25 cm, 3.75 strands, on hemic added 3.05 mm, 7.75 cm, and 4.25 strands and on sapric added 2.18 mm, 2.25 cm, and 1.25 strands, respectively. This study was the first step to getting more precise fertilizers for Liberica coffee planting on peatlands.
The effect of humic acid on biological properties of soil and upland rice plants in entisol Coastal Bengkulu City
Authors: Wahyuni Dwita , Bertham Yudhy Harini , Widiyono Heru
Published: March 2023

Entisol is a type of soil on coastal land that has low soil fertility, low soil aggregation, low organic matter content, low soil microorganism activity and high salt content that can affect growth and development of crop yields. Application of humic acid is expected to increase the fertility of the entisol soil. This study aims to measure the effect of humic acid application on soil biological properties and yields of upland rice in Entisol Pesisir, Bengkulu city. The research was carried out in July-November 2020 in the Beringin Raya Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City. The research design used a two-factor Completely Randomized Block Design with four replications, arranged in a factorial manner in experimental units. The first factor is humic acid which consists of not given humic acid, and given humic acid. The second factor is upland rice varieties consisting of Inpago 10, Merah rice, and Putih rice. The results showed that the application of humic acid was able to increase the biological activity of the soil including the total microbial population of 68.73% and the percentage of root colonization reaching 23.65% and increasing the pH, and rice yields per plot reached 14.2%. Inpago variety has better adaptability than local varieties (Merah and Putih) which is indicated by soil biological activity such as total microbial population reaching 570.16 x 106 CFU g-1 with root colonization percentage reaching 88.75%, pH, and upland rice yield per plot was 2033.68 g/plot. So based on the results of the study, it is recommended to cultivate Inpago 10 varieties compamerah to local varieties.
Study of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi population in the rhizosphere of oil palm planted on 4 different soil types in Central Kalimantan Indonesia
Authors: Rini M.V. , Irvanto D. , Ardiyanto A.
Published: March 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are naturally found in the soil. The population of this fungus is influenced by environmental factors such as soil type. Different soil types have different characteristics and will affect the AMF population in the soil. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the AMF population in the soil based on the number of spores in the rhizosphere of oil palm planted in 4 different soil types, namely Dystrudepts, Paleudults, Haplohumods, and Haplosaprists. Soil samples were taken from each soil type at 4 sample points. At each sample point, soil samples were taken from 5 adjacent oil palm trees. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken at 4 points inside the oil palm circle at a depth of up to 15 cm and 4 points from the outside and then composited to represent 1 sample point for inside and outside the circle. Extraction of AMF spores from soil samples was carried out by the wet sieving method. The results showed that the average number of AMF spores per 50 g of rhizosphere soil from inside and outside the oil palm circle were 66,7 and 53,5 spores for Dystrudepts, 115,5 and 91,5 spores for Paleudults, 27 and 71,8 spores for Haplohumods, and 83,3 and 55 spores for Haplosaprists respectively. In Dystrudepts, Paleudults, and Haplosaprists soil types, the number of spores in the rhizosphere of oil palm inside the circle was higher than outside. On the other hand, for Haplohumods soil types, the number of spores inside the circle was lower than outside the circle.
The effectiveness of Biofumigants from Brassicaceae and Non-Brassicaceae to control root knot Nematodes on tomato
Authors: Habriantono Bakhroini , Wagiyana Wagiyana , Alfarisy Fariz Kustiawan
Published: March 2023

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are considered as one of the main limiting factors in crop production systems. Currently, several eco-friendly root-knot nematodes control technologies have been developed, one of which is biofumigants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of biofumigants from Brassicaceae and Non-Brassicaceae to control root-knot nematodes. The study was conducted using a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments. The results showed that the application of biofumigants from both brassicaceae and non-brassicaceae had no significant effect on the height and number of leaves of tomato. The effectiveness of cabbage biofumigant suppressing the population of RKN in this study was 69.5% compared to control (untreatment). While the treatment of sorghum biofumigant was the better treatment as a biofumigant plant from Non-Brassicaceae with an effectiveness level of suppressing the population of RKN was 55.8% compared to control. While the effectiveness level of suppressing the population of RKN biofumigant tagetes was 36.6% compared to control.
Compatibility studies of entomopathogenic fungi and botanical pesticide for controlling Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Prastiwi Santi , Wagiyana Wagiyana , Alfarisy Fariz Kustiawan
Published: March 2023

Spodoptera exigua is one of main pest for horticulture crops. In sustainability agriculture, entomopathogenic like Beauveria bassiana and Metharizium anisopliae are solution to control this pest. This study aimed to examine the compatibility between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and the vegetable insecticide neem leaf extract against the larvae of Spodoptera exigua. Value LC 50 single testing B. bassiana and neem leaf extract respectively is 0.08% (y=1,65x + 0.16) and 0.627% (y=1,59x-1.02). While the value of LC 50 treatment. combinations B. bassiana with neem leaf extract is 0.079% (y = 1,22x + 1.45). Based on the value of LC 50, it is known that the LC 50 value of the combination treatment is smaller than the LC 50 value of the single treatment, this indicates that the combination treatment has a higher toxicity than the combination treatment in killing S. exigua larvae. The LT 50 values from the LC 50 obtained from the single test of B. bassiana and neem leaf extract were 7.96 days and 6.1 days, respectively. While the value of LT 50 from LC 50 obtained from testing the combination of B. bassiana with neem leaf extract was 5.79 days. Based on the LT 50 value, it can be seen that the LT 50 value of the combination treatment is smaller than the LT 50 value of the single treatment.
Angular distribution of sputtered particles from Inconel718: a simulation study
Authors: Bria Kawtar , Ait El Fqih Mohammed , Nunzi Jean-Michel , Jadoual Lamia , Kaddouri Abdelilah
Published: March 2023

The angular distribution of sputtered particles is an effective tool for obtaining information on the composition and structure of the target and even on the beam energies. The particles of Inconel718 super alloy sputtered at full angle corresponding to each of the probes were calculated. The SRIM program associated with a new ANGULARE simulation program was used to obtain the sputtering yields and angular distribution of sputtered Fe, Al, Cr, Mo, Nb, Ni and Ti particles from Inconel718. The simulation was performed for a large number of incident ions (5 keV, Kr+) and allows the computer to count the number of particles emitted at the solid angle. Angular distributions of pulverized Inconel718 particles and pulverized yields were compared to the literature. Furthermore, the angular distribution of Inconel718 for the differential sputtering yields shows an under-cosine tendency.
New mixed finite element methods for the coupled Stokes and Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations in Banach spaces
Authors: Correa Claudio I. , Gatica Gabriel N. , Ruiz-Baier Ricardo
Published: March 2023

In this paper we employ a Banach spaces-based framework to introduce and analyze new mixed finite element methods for the numerical solution of the coupled Stokes and Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations, which is a nonlinear model describing the dynamics of electrically charged incompressible fluids. The pressure of the fluid is eliminated from the system (though computed afterwardsviaa postprocessing formula) thanks to the incompressibility condition and the incorporation of the fluid pseudostress as an auxiliary unknown. In turn, besides the electrostatic potential and the concentration of ionized particles, we use the electric field (rescaled gradient of the potential) and total ionic fluxes as new unknowns. The resulting fully mixed variational formulation in Banach spaces can be written as a coupled system consisting of two saddle-point problems, each one with nonlinear source terms depending on the remaining unknowns, and a perturbed saddle-point problem with linear source terms, which is in turn additionally perturbed by a bilinear form. The well-posedness of the continuous formulation is a consequence of a fixed-point strategy in combination with the Banach theorem, the Babuška–Brezzi theory, the solvability of abstract perturbed saddle-point problems, and the Banach–Nečas–Babuška theorem. For this we also employ smallness assumptions on the data. An analogous approach, but using now both the Brouwer and Banach theorems, and invoking suitable stability conditions on arbitrary finite element subspaces, is employed to conclude the existence and uniqueness of solution for the associated Galerkin scheme.A priorierror estimates are derived, and examples of discrete spaces that fit the theory, include,e.g., Raviart–Thomas elements of orderkalong with piecewise polynomials of degree ≤k. In addition, the latter yield approximate local conservation of momentum for all three equations involved. Finally, rates of convergence are specified and several numerical experiments confirm the theoretical error bounds. These tests also illustrate the aforementioned balance-preserving properties and the applicability of the proposed family of methods.
Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, …
Authors: Wehrend Axel
Published: March 2023

Mit dem diesjährigen Jahrgang legt Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult Hartwig
Bostedt seine Tätigkeit in der Schriftleitung der Zeitschrift
Tierärztliche Praxis nieder.
Intrazerebrale Blutungen
Authors: Weimar Christian , Thomalla Götz , Sandalcioglu I. Erol
Published: March 2023

Intrazerebrale Blutungen (ICB) verursachen ca. 12% aller
Schlaganfälle in Deutschland und 9–27% aller
Schlaganfälle weltweit 1
2. In epidemiologischen Studien zeigt sich
eine Abnahme bei jüngeren Personen vor allem aufgrund besserer
antihypertensiver Einstellung, es ist jedoch auch eine Zunahme der Inzidenz bei
älteren Personen aufgrund einer zerebralen Amyloidangiopathie und des
zunehmenden Einsatzes von Antikoagulanzien zu verzeichnen 3.
Ambulante spezialfachärztliche Versorgung (ASV)
Authors: Dengler Robert , Sollacher Anna , Bredow Laura , Froschauer Sonja
Published: March 2023

2012 wurde die ambulante spezialfachärztliche Versorgung (ASV) als sektorenverbindende ambulante Versorgungsform eingeführt. Wir berichten Daten aus dem Versorgungsforschungsprojekt GOAL-ASV, in dem die ASV im Rahmen des Innovationsfonds evaluiert wurde. Zusätzlich werden aktuelle Daten der ASV-Servicestelle sowie unveröffentlichte Daten des GKV-Spitzenverbands (GKV-SV) für die ASV Rheuma Erwachsene und Kinder/Jugendliche dargestellt. Bei den 17 erweiterten Landesausschüssen (ELA) zeigt sich ein sehr heterogenes Bild bezüglich Art und Umfang der für die ASV-Teilnahme nachzuweisenden Unterlagen. Interviews und Umfragen bei Ärzten
1
ergaben als Hauptmotivatoren für eine Teilnahme strategische Überlegungen sowie eine bessere interdisziplinäre Kooperation und Vergütung. Als Hürden wurden vor allem der hohe Aufwand im Rahmen des Anzeigeverfahrens genannt, während der Teilnahme der Verwaltungsaufwand, bei den hinzuzuziehenden Ärzten eine zu geringe Patientenzahl. Im 4. Quartal 2021 waren 57 Teams mit 3677 Ärzten, darunter 458 Rheumatologen in der ASV Rheuma für Erwachsene sowie 7 Teams mit 19 Rheumatologen für Kinder und Jugendliche tätig. Die Zahl behandelter Patienten steigt im Verlauf kontinuierlich an und lag im 2. Quartal 2022 bei 111 552 Erwachsenen sowie 1001 Kindern, bleibt aber deutlich unter dem Potenzial. Die ASV könnte für die fachärztliche Versorgung als „Blaupause“ hinsichtlich der politisch forcierten Ambulantisierung und sektorengleichen Vergütung dienen, sofern die bestehenden Hürden beseitigt werden.
Die homöopathische Verschreibung – verschiedene
Techniken
Authors: Kösters Curt
Published: March 2023

Nach einer ausführlichen Anamnese, Hierarchisierung und ggf.
Repertorisation stellt sich die Frage, auf welcher Grundlage nun das
möglichst passende und heilende Mittel ausgewählt wird. Neben
den üblicherweise gelehrten Methoden beschreibt der Autor seine
Notbehelfe aus über 30-jähriger Praxis. Illustriert wird das
beispielhaft an 2 langjährig nachbeobachteten Fällen.
Die Quellenhomöopathie – wie funktioniert
das?
Authors: Schlingensiepen-Brysch Irene , Schröder Carola
Published: March 2023

Die Quellenhomöopathie beschreibt einen Weg der Anamneseerhebung und
Mittelfindung. Dabei zieht sie ihre Informationen aus dem, was der Patient
selbst als Wissen in seinem Unterbewusstsein trägt. Sie folgt den
scheinbar belanglosen Unregelmäßigkeiten im Fluss der Worte des
Patienten, spiegelt sie ihm zurück, bis das Arzneimittel deutlicher
hervortritt. Ergänzt wird die theoretische Einführung durch 2
Fallbeispiele.
Unsicherheit im Kontext sexualpädagogischer Fortbildungen
Authors: Oldemeier Anna Lena
Published: March 2023

Einleitung Die öffentlichen Debatten um vermeintlich grenzverletzende Sexualpädagogik und Fälle sexualisierter Gewalt in pädagogischen Einrichtungen bilden eine diskursive Hintergrundfolie für pädagogische Arbeit, in der Bezüge zu Körperlichkeit und Sexualität eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Der Fokus liegt im Umgang mit sexualitätsbezogenen Themen häufig auf Prävention, die Kinder und Jugendliche vor Grenzverletzungen, z. B. durch Fachkräfte, schützen soll. (Sexual-)pädagogische Ansätze, die die Selbstbestimmung der Klientel aktiv fördern sollen, geraten dadurch aus dem Blickfeld beziehungsweise können zum Teil selbst den Eindruck erwecken, grenzverletzend zu sein. Vor diesem Hintergrund kann das Phänomen der Unsicherheit aufseiten pädagogischer Fachkräfte, welches in sexualpädagogischen Fortbildungen sichtbar wird, auf seine spezifischen und allgemeinen Bedeutungen hin diskutiert werden.

Forschungsziele Der vorliegende Artikel expliziert die Unsicherheit pädagogischer Fachkräfte in der sexualpädagogischen Arbeit mit der Klientel einerseits und im Verhältnis zu den darüber stattfindenden Diskursen andererseits. Wie äußert sich in diesem Berufsfeld Unsicherheit? Wie wird sie artikuliert und verhandelt? Wie kann die beobachtete Unsicherheit gedeutet werden und welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus möglicherweise für pädagogische Fachkräfte und Sexualpädagog*innen?

Methoden Im Rahmen sexualpädagogischer Fortbildungen für Fachkräfte wurden teilnehmende Beobachtungen durchgeführt. Die dabei entstandenen Beobachtungsprotokolle wurden mithilfe eines deduktiv-induktiv entwickelten Kategoriensystems codiert und inhaltlich strukturierend analysiert.

Ergebnisse Unsicherheit spielt in den sexualpädagogischen Fortbildungen eine zentrale Rolle und äußert sich sowohl implizit als auch explizit. Neben einer allgemeinen Unsicherheit in Bezug auf sexualitätsbezogene Themen wird dies durch sprachliche Unsicherheiten deutlich. Besonders relevant ist die Unsicherheit vor dem Hintergrund der Prävention sexualisierter Grenzverletzungen gegenüber der Klientel. Fachkräfte haben Sorge, sich falsch zu verhalten – diese Sorge tangiert nicht nur das professionelle Handeln, sondern auch die eigene Identität.

Schlussfolgerung In der Suche nach richtigem Handeln zeichnet sich ein Bedürfnis nach der Vereindeutigung von Sexualität ab. Unsicherheit kann in der pädagogischen Arbeit nicht nur ein Hemmnis darstellen, sondern auch Potenzial für Reflexionsprozesse und die Entwicklung einer professionellen Haltung bieten. Sexualpädagog*innen profitieren bei der Gestaltung von Fortbildungsveranstaltungen von einem Bewusstsein über potenzielle oder bestehende Unsicherheiten. Somit können sexualpädagogische Fortbildungen zur Handlungssicherheit von Fachkräften beitragen.
„Teach Love“: Psychologische Weiterbildung zur Sexuellen Bildung und Beziehungskompetenz im digitalen Format
Authors: Degen Johanna L.
Published: March 2023

„Teach Love“ ist ein partizipatives Wissenstransferprojekt, in dem phasenübergreifende Aus- und Weiterbildungen für Lehrer*innen und Menschen in sozialen Berufen zu aktuellen Themen rund um Sexualität, Gesundheit, Beziehung und Liebe implementiert werden. Das Konzept verfolgt einen Vierschritt aus a) Wissensinput entlang des aktuellen Forschungsstandes, b) psychologisch begleiteter Reflexion von der persönlichen Erfahrung und Haltung, c) Transfer in die Praxis und Implementierung sowie d) Evaluation und Weiterentwicklung. Das Ziel ist, dass ausgebildete Erwachsene Kinder und Jugendliche begleiten können, in den aktuellen Diskursen und Paradigmen bewusst und gesund zu navigieren und zu entscheiden. Neben diesem Kompetenzaufbau soll durch aktive Community-Arbeit Rückhalt gegeben und damit Resilienz gefördert werden. In Zusammenarbeit mit Wissenschaftler*innen und Praktiker*innen aus Psycho- und Körpertherapie sowie Hebammen wird bei „Teach Love“ ein anerkennender und schützender Raum geschaffen, in dem mit Zuversicht, Vertrauen und Freude über Ernstes gesprochen wird. Formal umfassen die Angebote vor allem digitale Weiterbildungsformate, Supervision sowie Kommunikation über Social Media, aber zusätzlich auch Workshops und Events in Präsenz.
Victim Blaming bei nicht-konsensueller Weitergabe intimer Bilder: Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Schüler*innen und Lehrer*innen
Authors: Pia Behrendt , Witz Christina , Böhm Maika , Dekker Arne. , Budde Jürgen
Published: March 2023

Einleitung Der Begriff Victim Blaming bezeichnet die Situation, wenn Betroffene von Gewalt selbst für ihre Viktimisierung verantwortlich gemacht werden, indem ihnen auf Grundlage persönlicher oder kontextbezogener Merkmale unterstellt wird, einen Anreiz zur Gewalt geboten zu haben. Insbesondere im Bereich sexueller Gewalt ist Victim Blaming verbreitet und geschlechtlich konnotiert. Spezifische Muster des Victim Blamings werden nachfolgend mit Fokus auf sexuelle Grenzverletzungen mittels digitaler Medien unter jugendlichen Schüler*innen exploriert.

Forschungsziele Ziel der Studie ist die Analyse der Orientierungen von Schüler*innen und Lehrkräften auf die nicht-konsensuelle Weitergabe intimer Bilder, um Prozesse des Victim Blamings unter geschlechterreflektierender Perspektive zu differenzieren.

Methoden Grundlage der nachfolgenden Analysen bilden zwölf Gruppendiskussionen im Sinne von natürlichen Gruppen mit 46 Schüler*innen und zehn Gruppendiskussionen mit 34 Lehrer*innen von weiterführenden Schulen in Norddeutschland, die mit dokumentarischer Methode nach Bohnsack (Bohnsack et al. 2007) ausgewertet wurden. Das Sampling erfolgte entsprechend nach vorab festgelegten Kriterien und wurde nach dem Prinzip der Sättigung beendet.

Ergebnisse In den auf den Gruppendiskussionen basierenden Fallbeschreibungen lassen sich drei Orientierungsmuster unterscheiden: implizites, nicht-reflektiertes und explizites Victim Blaming. Gemeinsam ist den Mustern, dass sie die Verantwortung für Grenzverletzungen mittels digitaler Medien ausschließlich individualisierend bei betroffenen Mädchen verorten, welche als charakterschwach, abhängig von Fremdanerkennung sowie unbedacht geschildert werden. Weder diejenigen, die die Bilder nicht-konsensuell weiterleiten, noch die Bystander spielen in den Orientierungen der Befragten eine Rolle. Dies gilt für Schüler*innen wie Lehrer*innen gleichermaßen. Handlungsoptionen werden entsprechend vor allem in abstinentem Verhalten gesehen, wodurch eine restriktive Sexualmoral vertreten wird, die Betroffene von sexuellen Grenzverletzungen (mit-)verantwortlich für ihre Erfahrungen macht.

Schlussfolgerung Der Beitrag zeigt die weit geteilten Verantwortungszuschreibungen von schulischen Akteur*innen zuungunsten von Mädchen. Pädagogische Abstinenzbotschaften untergraben einen selbstbestimmten Umgang mit intimen Bildern, indem sie Mädchen adressieren und somit Lehrkräfte implizit darin bestärken, keine pädagogische Verantwortung für Betroffene von sexueller Gewalt zu übernehmen.
Posteriore Skleritis bei einem Hund
Authors: Steinmetz Andrea
Published: March 2023

Es werden das klinische Erscheinungsbild, die weiterführende Diagnostik,
die Therapie sowie der weitere Verlauf einer klinisch diagnostizierten
posterioren Skleritis bei einem Landseer-Rüden geschildert und im
Kontext der vorhandenen Literatur diskutiert.
Subdural Hemorrhage as an Early Presentation in a Case of Sotos Syndrome
Authors: Nomakuchi Tomoki T. , Alves Cesar Augusto P. , Beslow Lauren A. , Zarnow Deborah , Goyal Neera , Zackai Elaine H. , Reynoso Santos Francis Jeshira
Published: March 2023

Subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) in the pediatric population are associated with a high mortality and morbidity and may present in the context of abusive head trauma. Diagnostic investigations for such cases often include evaluation for rare genetic and metabolic disorders that can have associated SDH. Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome associated with macrocephaly and increased subarachnoid spaces and rarely with neurovascular complications. Here, we report two cases of Sotos syndrome, one with SDH during infancy who underwent repeated evaluation for suspected child abuse prior to the Sotos syndrome diagnosis and the other with enlarged extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid spaces, demonstrating a possible mechanism for SDH development in this setting. These cases suggest that some individuals with Sotos syndrome may be at elevated risk of developing SDH in infancy and that Sotos syndrome should be on the differential diagnosis during a medical genetics evaluation in cases of unexplained SDH, especially in the setting of macrocephaly.
Increased Factor VIII Activity Is Predictive of the Occurrence of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis
Authors: Jiang Siyu , Ai Yingjie , Fan Xiaowen , Huang Xiaoquan , Wu Ling , Ni Liyuan , Li Feng , Chen Shiyao
Published: March 2023

Background The aim of this study was to identify the role of factor VIII (FVIII) in portal vein thrombosis (PVT) occurrence in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding.

Methods A total of 453 cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices were enrolled. Computed tomography was performed at baseline and patients were divided into PVT and non-PVT groups (n = 131 vs. 322). Individuals without PVT at baseline were followed up for the development of PVT. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis of FVIII for PVT development was performed. The Kaplan–Meier methodology was used to analyze the predictive ability of FVIII for PVT incidence at 1 year.

Results FVIII activity (177.00 vs. 153.70, p = 0.001) was significantly increased in the PVT group compared with the non-PVT group in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices. FVIII activity was positively correlated with the severity of PVT (161.50 vs. 171.07 vs. 187.05%, p = 0.001). Furthermore, FVIII activity (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–10.68, p = 0.029 in model 1; HR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.03–10.51, p = 0.045 in model 2) was an independent risk factor of 1-year PVT development in patients without PVT at baseline, which was confirmed by two separate Cox regression analysis and competing risk models. Patients with elevated FVIII activity exhibit a higher incidence of PVT in the non-PVT group at 1 year (15.17 vs. 3.16%, p < 0.001). The predictive value of FVIII remains significant in individuals who have never received splenectomy (14.76 vs. 3.04%, p = 0.002).

Conclusion Elevated FVIII activity was potentially associated with the occurrence and the severity of PVT. It might be helpful to identify cirrhotic patients at risk of PVT.
Collective Total Synthesis of β-Carboline-Type Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid Glycosides
Authors: Sakamoto Jukiya , Hiruma Daiki , Ishikawa Hayato , Kitajima Mariko
Published: March 2023

The collective and efficient asymmetric total syntheses of five β-carboline-type monoterpenoid indole alkaloid glycosides were achieved in fewer than thirteen steps. A Pictet–Spengler reaction with α-cyanotryptamine followed by the removal of the cyano group and autoxidation (aromatization) efficiently constructed the β-carboline motif. In addition, bioinspired reactions were developed to provide different alkaloid skeletons.
History and Role of Quality Accreditation
Authors: Russell Tara A. , Ko Clifford
Published: March 2023

Accreditation has played a major role in the evolution of health care quality as well as the structure and organization of American medicine. In its earliest iterations, accreditation aimed to set a minimum standard of care, and now more prominently sets standards for high quality, optimal patient care. There are several institutions that provide accreditations that are relevant to colorectal surgery including the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Commission on Cancer, National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Designation, National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer, and the ACS Geriatrics Verification Program. While each program has unique criteria, the aim of accreditation is to assure high-quality evidenced-based care. In addition to these benchmarks, these programs provide avenues for collaboration and research between centers and programs.
Design and first measurements of the fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic at the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Hou Y. M. , Zhou H. Y. , Chen W. , Hao B. L. , Liu Y. , Shi Z. B. , Zhang Y. P. , Duan X. R.
Published: March 2023

The fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic (FIDA) is employed to detect Dα light emitted by neutralized fast ions during neutral beam injection. A tangentially viewing FIDA has been developed for the HuanLiuqi-2A (HL-2A) tokamak and typically achieves temporal and transverse spatial resolutions of ∼30 ms and ∼5 cm, respectively. A fast-ion tail on the red shifted wing of the FIDA spectrum is obtained and analyzed with the Monte Carlo code FIDASIM. Good agreement has been presented between the measured and simulated spectra. As the FIDA diagnostic’s lines of sight intersect the central axis of neutral beam injection with small angles, the beam emission spectrum is observed with a large Doppler shift. Thus, tangentially viewing FIDA could detect only a small portion of fast ions with an energy of ≈ 20 ∼ 31 keV and a pitch angle of ≈ −1 ∼ −0.8. A second FIDA installation with oblique viewing is designed to minimize spectral contaminants.
Fast and high-yield fabrication of axially symmetric ion-trap needle electrodes via two step electrochemical etching
Authors: Kotibhaskar Nikhil , Greenberg Noah , Motlakunta Sainath , Shih Chung-You , Islam Rajibul
Published: March 2023

Despite the progress in building sophisticated microfabricated ion traps, Paul traps employing needle electrodes retain their significance due to the simplicity of fabrication while producing high-quality systems suitable for quantum information processing, atomic clocks, etc. For low noise operations such as minimizing “excess micromotion,” needles should be geometrically straight and aligned precisely with respect to each other. Self-terminated electrochemical etching, previously employed for fabricating ion-trap needle electrodes, employs a sensitive and time-consuming technique, resulting in a low success rate of usable electrodes. Here, we demonstrate an etching technique for the quick fabrication of straight and symmetric needles with a high success rate and a simple apparatus with reduced sensitivity to alignment imperfections. The novelty of our technique comes from using a two-step approach employing turbulent etching for fast shaping and slow etching/polishing for subsequent surface finish and tip cleaning. Using this technique, needle electrodes for an ion trap can be fabricated within a day, significantly reducing the setup time for a new apparatus. The needles fabricated via this technique have been used in our ion trap to achieve trapping lifetimes of several months.
An evaluation methodology for the circumferential position error of the V-shaped apex of the double-helical gear
Authors: Zhang Yadong , Zhang Jialin , Wang Jianhua , Hu Luqing
Published: March 2023

Aiming to achieve an accurate evaluation of the circumferential position error of the V-shaped apex of double-helical gear, the definition of the V-shaped apex of double-helical gear and the evaluation method of the circumferential position error is studied based on the geometric characteristics of double-helical gear and the definition of shape error. First, the definition of the V-shaped apex of double-helical gear based on the helix and its circumferential position error is presented based on the (American Gear Manufacturers Association) AGMA940-A09 standard. Second, based on the basic parameters, the tooth profile characteristics, and the tooth flank forming principle of double-helical gear, the mathematical model of double-helical gear in a Cartesian space coordinate system is established, and the auxiliary tooth flank and auxiliary helix are constructed to generate some auxiliary measurement points. Finally, the auxiliary measurement points are fitted using the least-squares principle to calculate the position of the V-shaped apex of the double-helical gear in the actual meshing condition and its circumferential position error. The simulation and experimental results show that the simulation results verify the feasibility of the method, and the experimental results (the circumferential position error of the V-shaped apex is 0.0187 mm) are consistent with the results of the literature [Bohui et al., Metrol. Meas. Technol. 36, 33 (2016)]. This method can effectively realize the accurate evaluation of the double-helical gear V-shaped apex position error, providing some guidance for the design and manufacture of double-helical gear.
Imaging system design based on electromagnetic tomography for high conductivity medium reconstruction
Authors: Liu Xianglong , Wang Ying , Li Danyang
Published: March 2023

Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is used to create tomographic images of the electrical properties of conducting material based on electromagnetic measurements from coils evenly distributed around the imaging region. EMT is widely used in industrial and biomedical fields for which it offers the advantages of being non-contact, fast, and non-radiative. Most EMT measurement systems are implemented with commercial instruments, such as impedance analyzers and lock-in amplifiers, which are bulky and inconvenient for portable detection devices. In order to improve the portability and extensibility, a purpose-built flexible and modularized EMT system is presented in this paper. The hardware system consists of six parts: the sensor array, signal conditioning module, lower computer module, data acquisition module, excitation signal module, and the upper computer. The complexity of the EMT system is reduced by a modularized design. The sensitivity matrix is calculated by the perturbation method. The split Bregman algorithm is applied to solve the L1 norm regularization problem. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulations. The average signal to noise ratio of the EMT system is 48 dB. Experimental results verified that the reconstructed images can show the number and positions of the imaging objects, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the novel imaging system design.
All-digital transmit beamformer for portable high-frequency ultrasound imaging systems
Authors: Sheng Duo , Lee Hsin-Ting , Huang Fu-Chi
Published: March 2023

To meet the requirements of high-frequency ultrasound imaging systems, a transmit-beamforming integrated circuit with higher delay resolution than conventional transmit-beamforming circuits, which are typically implemented using field-programmable gate array chips, is presented. It also requires smaller volumes, allowing for portable applications. Its proposed design includes two all-digital delay-locked loops providing a specified digital control code for a counter-based beamforming delay chain (CBDC) to generate stable and suitable delays for exciting the array transducer elements without variations in process, voltage, and temperature. Moreover, to maintain the duty cycle of long propagation signals, this novel CBDC requires only a few delay cells, significantly reducing hardware costs and power consumption. Simulations were conducted, revealing a maximum time delay of 451.9 ns with a time resolution of 652 ps and a maximum lateral resolution error of 0.04 mm at 6.8 mm.
Phase switching phenomenon in a system of three coupled DC glow discharge plasmas
Authors: Chaubey Neeraj , Kumar Shaw Pankaj , Mukherjee S. , Sen A.
Published: March 2023

We report the first experimental observations of phase switching in a system of three coupled plasma sources. Two of the plasma sources are inductively coupled to each other while the third one is directly coupled to one of them. The coupled system acquires a frequency pulling synchronized state following which a transition occurs to a frequency entrainment state with an increase in the frequency of the directly coupled system. We also observe a sudden jump from a lower to a higher frequency entrainment state and a concomitant phase switching between the oscillations of the two directly coupled sources while the phase difference between the inductively coupled sources remains constant. These experimental findings are established using various diagnostic tools, such as the Fourier spectra, frequency bifurcation plots, Lissajous plots, and Hilbert transforms of the data. The experimental results are qualitatively modeled using three coupled van der Pol equations, in which two of them are environmentally coupled while the third one is directly coupled with one of them.
Spin dependent molecular junction with graphene electrodes as a thermoelectric nanodevice
Authors: Eslami Leila , Farshchi Nastaran , Maiti Santanu K. , Ahmadi Somaieh
Published: March 2023

Using Green's function method, spin-resolved thermoelectric quantum transport is examined in a molecular junction composed of a phenalene molecule connected to two external graphene leads with and without magnetic exchange potential application on the scattering region. Two different configurations of the system are considered: perpendicular and parallel leads. Theoretical results show that the application of the external exchange potential separates the Seebeck coefficients of different spin states and dramatically increases the coefficients. Furthermore, the temperature gradient between the left and right parts of the system generates a current of nanoAmpere order of magnitude even in the absence of a bias voltage. With the exchange potential, the current is spin-resolved and increased up to 50 times in comparison to the absence of the exchange potential. According to the results, the system acts as a spin filter at some specific chemical potential. Moreover, the current dramatically increases in parallel configuration compared to the perpendicular arrangement. Consequently, the proposed molecular device, with adjustable parameters and a magnificent Seebeck coefficient, can be a promising alternative to ordinary thermoelectric structures in the design of the new generation of thermal spintronic devices.
Experimental study on the influence of thermal accumulation on breakdown in slow-wave structures
Authors: Tan Nongchao , Wu Ping , Sun Jun , Hua Ye , Shi Lei , Song Zhimin , Shi Yanchao , Miao Tianze , Huang Wenhui , Huang Wenhua
Published: March 2023

Radio frequency (RF) breakdown in the slow-wave structures (SWSs) is a crucial bottleneck restricting relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) to pursuing higher output power and longer pulse width. This paper has experimentally studied the influence of thermal accumulation during repetitive operation on RF breakdown in an X-band RBWO. A method for cooling the SWSs using water flow has been proposed to restrain the temperature rise to some extent. Under different heat dissipation conditions, the operating states of the RBWOs exhibit great differences. The greater the distance between the water-cooling heat transfer channel and the SWSs, the more serious the pulse shortening of high-power microwave. Moreover, the breakdown traces appearing in the SWSs become more obvious with the worse convective heat transfer capacity. The observed experimental phenomena provide a new guideline that helps to enrich the mechanism of RF breakdown and to explore corresponding suppression methods in RBWO.
Piezo bender controller for precise optical dispersion compensation based on single-shot optical interferometry
Authors: Xiao Ching-Lun , Chang Jui-Chi , Haung Shao-Wei , Lee Xin-Li , Chang Chia-Yuan
Published: March 2023

Ultrafast lasers concentrate the energy in a short pulse with a duration of several tens to hundreds of femtoseconds. The resulting high peak power induces various nonlinear optical phenomena that find use in many different fields. However, in practical applications, the optical dispersion broadens the laser pulse width and spreads the energy in time, thereby reducing the peak power. Accordingly, the present study develops a piezo bender-based pulse compressor to compensate for this dispersion effect and restore the laser pulse width. The piezo bender has a rapid response time and a large deformation capacity and thus provides a highly effective means of performing dispersion compensation. However, due to hysteresis and creep effects, the piezo bender is unable to maintain a stable shape over time and hence the compensation effect is gradually degraded. To address this problem, this study further proposes a single-shot modified laterally sampled laser interferometer to estimate the parabolic shape of the piezo bender. The curvature variation of the bender is then sent as a feedback signal to a closed-loop controller to restore the bender to the desired shape. It is shown that the steady-state error of the converged group delay dispersion is around 530 fs2. Moreover, the ultrashort laser pulse is compressed from 1620 fs in the original condition to 140 fs in the compressed condition, corresponding to a 12-fold improvement.
Inequality leads to the evolution of intolerance in reputation-based populations
Authors: Martinez-Vaquero Luis A.
Published: March 2023

This work studies the impact of economic inequality on the evolution of intolerance through a reputation-based model of indirect reciprocity. Results show that economic inequality is a powerful enhancer of intolerance, inducing the escalation of out-group discrimination even without the presence of new intolerant mutants. It also generates behavior modifications within tolerant disfavored minorities: their members either relax punishments against the uncooperative or prioritize helping the wealthy, even suffering discrimination in return. On the other hand, the redistribution of wealth is proven as a viable solution to avoid the spread of intolerance as long as it increases equality and is implemented before intolerance permeates part of the population.
Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of current-drive-induced sawtooth-like crashes in the W7-X stellarator
Authors: Zhou Yao , Aleynikova K. , Ferraro N. M.
Published: March 2023

Sawtooth-like core electron temperature crashes have been observed in W7-X experiments with electron cyclotron current drive. We present nonlinear single-fluid magnetohydrodynamic simulations of this phenomenon using the newly developed stellarator modeling capability of the M3D-C1 code. The near-axis current drive gives rise to two ι = 1 resonances in the equilibrium rotational transform profile so that two consecutive (1, 1) internal kink modes are seen in the simulations. A small-amplitude crash at the inner resonance occurs first, which may correspond to the sawtooth precursors observed in the experiments. A bigger crash at the outer resonance then flattens the core temperature profile, which shows semi-quantitative agreements with experimental measurements on certain metrics such as the crash amplitude and the inversion radius of the temperature change. These results illustrate a likely mechanism of the current-drive-induced sawtooth-like crashes in W7-X and, to some extent, validate the stellarator modeling capability of M3D-C1.
Evolution of switching fields caused by reorientation of GdFeCo/Ir/GdFeCo synthetic ferrimagnet in magnetic field
Authors: Bakhmetiev M. , Koplak O. , Bello J.-L. , Mangin S. , Morgunov R.
Published: March 2023

Anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in GdFeCo/Ir/GdFeCo multilayered structures attracts great interest because all optical switching, spin-torque, and other effects promise effective application for ultrafast memory element creation. Since AHE is controlled by GdFeCo magnetization, domain dynamics has importance for practical applications. In our work, magnetization reversal in perpendicular GdFeCo/Ir/GdFeCo synthetic ferrimagnets is characterized by AHE measurements. The AHE hysteresis loop obtained with the field applied perpendicular to the sample plane is composed of three sub-loops, and two of them are symmetrically biased with respect to the third one. Switching magnetic fields for two of the three transitions are found to be dependent on magnetic history. In particular, exposure of the sample in the in-plane field leads to reduction of the out-of-plane switching fields in side sub-loops. A multiple series of perpendicular hysteresis loops recorded after exposure under high in-plane field reveals gradual (within 30 min) relaxation of the out-of-plane switching fields to their initial values observed in a non-magnetized sample. Domain wall mobility, limiting switching of the bilayer devices, is complicated due to the coupling between partial domains in each single layer. Unusual dynamics of double domain walls results in unexpected new phenomena affecting electrical processes in bilayer structures.