bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatherhood, Motherhood and Time Pressure in Australia, Korea, and Finland
Authors: Craig Lyn , Brown Judith E , Jun Jiweon
Published: February 2019

Using nationally representative Time Use Surveys from Australia, Korea, and Finland (n = 19,127 diaries) we examine how parenthood and the age of the youngest child are associated with the recuperative activities of leisure and sleep, the productive activities of market and nonmarket work, and with subjective time stress. Time stress differences by fatherhood are greatest for Finns and least for Koreans; time stress differences by motherhood are absent for Finns and high for Australians and Koreans. Results of the comparative analysis suggest that social policy and average national working hours produce different gendered gaps in both objective and subjective time stress among parents.
Behavior Revealed in Mobile Phone Usage Predicts Credit Repayment
Authors: Björkegren Daniel , Grissen Darrell
Published: February 2019

Many households in developing countries lack formal financial histories, making it difficult for firms to extend credit, and for potential borrowers to receive it. However, many of these households have mobile phones, which generate rich data about behavior. This article shows that behavioral signatures in mobile phone data predict default, using call records matched to repayment outcomes for credit extended by a South American telecom. On a sample of individuals with (thin) financial histories, this article's method actually outperforms models using credit bureau information, both within-time and when tested on a different time period. But the method also attains similar performance on those without financial histories, who cannot be scored using traditional methods. Individuals in the highest quintile of risk by the measure used in this article are 2.8 times more likely to default than those in the lowest quintile. The method forms the basis for new forms of credit that reach the unbanked.
Mesoscale modelling of soft flowing crystals
Authors: Montessori A. , Lauricella M. , Succi S.
Published: February 2019

We outline the main ideas behind the numerical modelling of soft flowing crystals, paying special attention to their application to microfluidic devices for the design of novel mesoscale porous materials.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Multiscale modelling, simulation and computing: from the desktop to the exascale’.
Multi-scale high-performance computing in astrophysics: simulating clusters with stars, binaries and planets
Authors: van Elteren A. , Bédorf J. , Portegies Zwart S.
Published: February 2019

The demand on simulation software in astrophysics has dramatically increased over the last decades. This increase is driven by improvements in observational data and computer hardware. At the same time, computers have become more complicated to program due to the introduction of more parallelism and hybrid hardware. To keep up with these developments, much of the software has to be redesigned. In order to prevent the future need to rewrite again when new developments present themselves, the main effort should go into making the software maintainable, flexible and scalable. In this paper, we explain our strategy for coupling elementary solvers and how to combine them into a high-performance multi-scale environment in which complex simulations can be performed. The elementary parts can remain succinct while supporting the aggregation to more satisfactory functionality by coupling them on a higher level. The advanced code-coupling strategies we present here allow such a hierarchy and support the development of complex codes. A library of simple elementary solvers subsequently stimulates the rapid development of more complex code that can co-evolve with the latest advances in computer hardware. We demonstrate how to combine several of these elementary solvers in a hierarchical and generic system, and how the resulting complex codes can be applied to multi-scale problems in astrophysics. Our aim is to achieve the best of several worlds with respect to performance, flexibility and maintainability while reducing development time. We succeeded in the development of the hierarchical coupling strategy and the general framework, but a comprehensive library of minimal fundamental-physics solvers is still unavailable.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Multiscale modelling, simulation and computing: from the desktop to the exascale’.
Human Retina-on-a-Chip: Merging Organoid and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Generate Complex Multi-Layer Tissue Models
Authors: Achberger Kevin , Probst Christopher , Haderspeck Jasmin C. , Bolz Sylvia , Rogal Julia , Chuchuy Johanna , Nikolova Marina , Cora Virginia , Antkowiak Lena , Haq Wadood , Shen Nian , Schenke-Layland Katja , Ueffing Marius , Liebau Stefan , Loskill Peter
Published: February 2019

The devastating effects and incurable nature of hereditary and sporadic retinal diseases such as Stargardt disease, age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa urgently require the development of new therapeutic strategies. Additionally, the prevalence of retinal toxicities is becoming more and more an issue of novel targeted therapeutic agents. To date, (ophthalmologic) drug development largely relies on animal models. Inadequate translatability of results from animal models to humans, however, limits advances in drug development and discovery. Hence, the establishment of more relevant human tissue-based in vitro models is of upmost importance. The discovery of self-forming retinal organoids (ROs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is a promising approach to model the complex stratified retinal tissue. Yet, ROs lack vascularization and cannot recapitulate the important physiological interactions of matured photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In this study, we present the retina-on-a-chip (RoC), a novel microphysiological model of the human retina integrating more than seven different essential retinal cell types derived from hiPSCs in a vasculature-like perfusion and enabling, for the first time, the recapitulation of the interaction of mature photoreceptor segments with RPE in vitro. We show that this interaction enhances the formation of outer segment like-structures and the establishment of in vivo-like physiological processes such as outer segment phagocytosis and calcium dynamics. In addition, we demonstrate the applicability of the RoC for drug testing, by reproducing the retinopathic side effects of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine and the antibiotic gentamicin. The developed hiPSC-based RoC has the potential to promote drug development and provide new insights into the underlying pathology of retinal diseases.
Auditory perceptual history is communicated through alpha oscillations
Authors: Ho Hao Tam , Leung Johahn , Burr David C. , Alais David , Morrone Maria Concetta
Published: February 2019

Sensory expectations from the accumulation of information over time exert strong predictive biases on forthcoming perceptual decisions. These anticipatory mechanisms help to maintain a coherent percept in a noisy environment. Here we present novel behavioural evidence that past sensory experience biases perceptual decisions rhythmically through alpha oscillations. Participants identified the ear of origin of a brief sinusoidal tone masked by dichotic white noise, and response bias oscillated over time at ∼9 Hz. Importantly, the oscillations occurred only for trials preceded by a target to the same ear and lasted for at least two trials. These findings suggest that each stimulus elicits an oscillating memory trace, specific to the ear of origin, which subsequently biases perceptual decisions. This trace is phase-reset by the noise onset of the next trial, and remains within the circuitry of the ear in which it was elicited, modulating the sensory representations in that ear.
Divergence in Thermostability of Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Nucleotide Exchange Factors Encoded by Duplicate Genes, MGE1 and MGE2
Authors: Chen Zih-teng , Hung Meng-Ju , Yu Shih-Jiun , Liao Tai-Yan , Lin Yao-Pin , Chen Rita P.-Y. , Yang Chien-Chih , Charng Yee-yung
Published: February 2019

The divergence of duplicate genes links to organismic adaptation. In Arabidopsis thaliana two nuclear genes encode mitochondrial GrpEs, MGE1 and MGE2, the nucleotide exchange factors of DnaK/HSP70 chaperone. MGE1 and MGE2 are duplicate genes originated from a whole genome duplication event. They respond differentially to high temperature; MGE2 is heat-inducible and is required for Arabidopsis seedlings to tolerate prolonged heat stress, while MGE1 is constitutively expressed. Heterologous expression of MGE2 but not MGE1 restored the growth of E. coli grpE mutant cells at elevated temperatures, suggesting that MGE2 is more thermostable than MGE1. In this study, we directly compared the thermostability of the purified recombinant MGE1 and MGE2 by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The temperature midpoints of the unfolding transition (Tm) of MGE1 and MGE2 were about 38 and 46 °C, respectively, indicating that MGE2 is remarkably more stable than MGE1 at higher temperature. Domain swapping between the two homologous proteins showed that the N-terminal region, including an unstructured sequence and a long α-helix domain, is the major determinant of the thermostability. Although MGE2 contains a conserved sequence derived from an exonized intron within the N-terminus unstructured region, deletion of this sequence did not substantially affect protein thermostability in vitro and complementation of E. coli and Arabidopsis heat sensitive mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that Arabidopsis MGE1 and MGE2 had diverged not only in transcriptional response but also in the thermostability of the encoded proteins, which may contribute to adaptation of plants to higher temperatures.
The yeast Art1 arrestin domain contains disordered insertions that regulate its localization and activity
Authors: Baile Matthew G. , Guiney Evan L. , Sanford Ethan J. , MacGurn Jason A. , Smolka Marcus B. , Emr Scott D.
Published: February 2019

The protein composition of the plasma membrane is rapidly remodeled in response to changes in nutrient availability or cellular stress. This occurs, in part, through the selective ubiquitylation and endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins which, in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae,is mediated by the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and arrestin-related trafficking (ART) adaptors. Here, we provide evidence that an ART family member, Art1, consists of an arrestin fold with extended N- and C-terminal tails, and interspersed with loop insertions. These loop and tail regions, while not strictly required for Art1 function, regulate its activity through two separate mechanisms. One loop mediates Art1 cargo specificity. Other loops are subjected to phosphorylation in a manner dependent on the Pho85 cyclins Clg1 and Pho80. Phosphorylation of the loops controls Art1’s localization to the plasma membrane, which promotes cargo ubiquitylation and endocytosis, demonstrating a mechanism through which Art1 activity is regulated.
The down regulation of megalin/LRP2 by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) is mediated by the SMAD2/3 signalling pathway
Authors: Cabezas Felipe , Farfán Pamela , Marzolo María-Paz
Published: February 2019

Megalin/LRP2 is a receptor that plays important roles in the physiology of several organs, such as kidney, lung, intestine, and gallbladder; and also in the physiology of the nervous system. Megalin expression is reduced in diseases associated with fibrosis, including diabetic nephropathy, hepatic fibrosis and cholelithiasis, as well as in some breast and prostate cancers. One of the hallmarks of these conditions is the presence of the cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß). Although TGF-ß has been implicated in the reduction of megalin levels, the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation is not well understood. Here, we show that treatment of two epithelial cell lines (from kidney and gallbladder) with TGF-ß1 is associated with decreased megalin mRNA and protein levels, and that these effects are reversed by inhibiting the TGF-ß1 type I receptor (TGF-ßRI). Based onin silicoanalyses, the two SMAD-binding elements (SBEs) in the megalin promoter are located at positions −57 and −605. Site-directed mutagenesis of the SBEs and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments revealed that SMAD2/3 transcription factors interact with SBEs to repress the megalin promoter and that they are also required for the repressing role of TGF-ß1. In addition, high concentration of albumin reduced megalin expression and promoter activation that depend on the expression of SMAD2/3. Interestingly, the histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA), which induces megalin expression, reduced the effects of TGF-ß1on megalin mRNA levels. These data show the significance of TGF-ß and the SMAD2/3 signalling pathway in the regulation of megalin and explain the decreased megalin levels observed under conditions in which TGF-ß is upregulated, including fibrosis-associated diseases and cancer.
The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus
Authors: Chen Chih-Yang , Hoffmann Klaus-Peter , Distler Claudia , Hafed Ziad M.
Published: February 2019

Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large foveal magnification, perfectly suited for active visuomotor control and perception.
Assessment of a reconfigurable manufacturing system
Authors: Prasad Durga , Jayswal S.C.
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop the methodology which can facilitate the concept of reconfiguration in the manufacturing system.

Design/methodology/approach

Design methodology includes the calculation of similarity matrix, formation of part family, and selection of part family. ALC algorithm has been used for part family formation and three criteria have been considered for the selection of part family. These criteria are reconfiguration effort, under-utilization cost, and floor space cost. AHP has been used to calculate the weights of criteria and reference ideal method has been used for the selection of alternatives.

Findings

In the manufacturing system, machines should be grouped on the basis of reconfiguration cost. When the time period is less, light machines and Group 1 machines are added and removed. In the case study, the concept of reconfiguration is useful for families (A, B, C, D). Machines can be reused by adding/removing some modules of machines. The concept of reconfiguration becomes more useful when it is implemented with lean manufacturing. Lean manufacturing techniques Jidoka and Poka-yoke are used to increase the diagnosability of the system.

Practical implications

Industrial case study has been considered.

Social implications

Market competition is increasing rapidly and it increases the demand and variety of products, due to which manufacturing enterprises are forced to adapt a manufacturing system which can adjust its capacity and functionality quickly at low cost. To reconfigure manufacturing system from one product/product family to another product/product family, changes can be done in hardware and/or software components in response to sudden changes in the market or in regulatory requirements.

Originality/value

An integrated approach for reconfiguration has been proposed considering the industrial application. It includes weighted Jaccard function, ALCA, AHP, RIM. The methodology for calculation of reconfiguration effort, under-utilization cost, and floor space cost has been presented for industrial case.
Barriers to BIM implementation strategies in China
Authors: Zhou Yijun , Yang Yu , Yang Jyh-Bin
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Effective BIM application hinges on the development of appropriate strategies for its implementation. Though some strategies have been deployed to facilitate BIM implementation in China, their outcomes are not clear. The purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations regarding appropriate strategies for promoting the development and implementation of BIM in China based on lessons learned from advanced implementation experiences in other countries.

Design/methodology/approach

First, existing strategies are investigated and barriers to BIM implementation mentioned in previous studies are summarized. Then, the identified barriers are mapped to the strategy contents. Finally, a comparative analysis on different areas is conducted to propose suggestions for identified items of BIM implementation strategies that need to be improved.

Findings

Six unaddressed barriers to BIM implementation strategies in China were identified from the mapping results: insufficient government lead/direction, organizational issues, legal issues, high cost of application, resistance to change of thinking mode and insufficient external motivation.

Originality/value

The findings of this study can be used to facilitate the development of appropriate strategies within the public and private sectors for promoting BIM implementation in China and elsewhere.
Research on mutual relationships of flange ring and traveler on ring spinning system
Authors: Su Xuzhong , Liu Xinjin , Li Siying
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Ring spinning is the most widely used spinning method at present. In the spinning, ring and traveller are the two important components of the twisting process. The properties of ring and traveller have a direct relationship with the yarn qualities and spinning speed. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the mutual relationships of flange ring and traveller system by taking the 6802-type traveller with rectangular structure, BU-type traveller with toxoplasma structure and 772-type traveller with corrugated structure as examples.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the theoretical calculation models of force and inclinations of the traveller are given, and calculation methods of corresponding key parameters referred in the models are presented. Then, by using SolidWorks software, models of the three kinds of traveller straddling on the PG1-4254 type ring are built, and the traveller and ring are simulated by using ADAMS software. By using MATLAB software, the force and inclinations of the traveller during the rotation around ring are simulated. Finally, the spinning experiments are made.

Findings

It is shown that the abrasion of 6802-type traveller is the most serious, and corresponding yarn evenness and hairiness is the worst. The abrasion of BU-type traveller is the slightest, and corresponding yarn evenness is the best. The yarn spins by using 772-type traveller has the least hairiness.

Originality/value

In the paper, the mutual relationships of flange ring and traveller system have been studied. For giving analysis of force and inclinations of the traveller, calculation methods of the key common parameters are presented. By using SolidWorks software, the physical models of the three kinds of traveller straddling on the PG1-4254 type ring are built. And then, the force and inclinations of the traveller during the rotation around ring are simulated by using MATLAB software. At last, the spinning experiments are made to analyse the simulation results.
Quick response code scanning for children’s informal learning
Authors: Chung Tingting , Wilsey Stephanie , Mykita Alexandra , Lesgold Elaine , Bourne Jennifer
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Mobile technologies, such as QR codes, play a particularly important role in scaffolding the child user’s active learning in informal environments. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of QR code scanning on two informal learning outcomes: increased interest and greater knowledge understanding.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 91 children and their families participated in the study as part of the iQ Zoo Project. Children in both the smartphone group and the control group completed were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively before and then after their zoo visits.

Findings

Qualitative findings suggest that most children’s interest in learning about animals was sustained as a result of the experience. Quantitative results reveal that QR code scanning was effective in promoting knowledge gains, especially on subjects that are challenging for the informal learner. Findings were comparable across the younger (5–8) and older (9–12) age groups.

Originality/value

This study provides empirical support for the value and usefulness of mobile technologies such as QR code scanning for children's learning in informal environments.
Pressures of CSR in India: an institutional perspective
Authors: Aggarwal Vijita S. , Jha Aruna
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Wide differences in the focus and form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) exist among countries due to the different institutional embeddedness of CSR practices. The purpose of this paper is to seek to explain them within the framework provided by institutional theory by identifying important pressures driving CSR practices. Further, it intends to extend theory by proposing a conceptual model that relates institutional pressures, CSR practices, reputation and financial performance of corporates in a developing country like India.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing upon the extant literature on the constructs, the paper describes their evolution through decades and weaves relationship between them. Institutional theory provides the framework to develop hypotheses.

Findings

The model has its roots in Scott’s institutional theory – linking regulative, normative and cognitive pressures to CSR practices. Reputation mediates the relationship between CSR and financial performance.

Practical implications

The conceptual model can serve as a foundation for subsequent empirical research. An understanding of relationship between constructs in the model will help corporates to strategize CSR initiatives. At the organisational level, insight into managerial perceptions of CSR practices will help to identify the need for training, if there is a gap between what organisation intends and what managers perceive.

Originality/value

The authors have proposed for the first time an integrative model that will help to understand the antecedents as well as consequences of CSR practices in a developing country within a theoretical framework.
Learning to read online: the effect of instruction on e-textbook use
Authors: Ragan Amy , Kammer Jenna , Atkins Charlene , Burress Rene
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of library instruction on the use of e-textbook features in a seventh-grade science class in Budapest, Hungary. Using the theory of value-expectancy, library instruction was designed to show students how the e-textbook features would improve their study habits.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a time-series, within-subject design, the researchers examined the students’ use of e-textbooks before receiving library instruction, and then again after receiving library instruction. Data were collected from student survey responses, focus group interviews, and digital library usage. A repeated-measurest-test was used to compare data collected prior to and following the instructional sessions.

Findings

The results indicate that the use of e-textbook features (glossary, audio, quizzes, notes, highlighter, and video) increased after library instruction. While the use of e-textbook features increased, this did not translate to other types of e-books: the use of the digital library did not increase.

Research limitations/implications

This paper has implications for research on the use of e-textbooks in academic settings. Baseline findings support the existing literature that shows that students do not use all of the features of an e-textbook. The research in this study adds that direct instruction on those features will increase use.

Practical implications

Librarians and teachers may want to consider direct instruction on e-textbooks. While it may not increase digital library usage, it may benefit the student learning experience.

Originality/value

This study builds on the work related to the student experience of using e-textbook. It highlights the value of library instruction in improving the student experience and use of e-textbooks.
Evaluating national library mission statements in Ibero-America
Authors: Pacios Ana Reyes , Pérez-Piriz María Pilar
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the websites of 22 national libraries in Ibero-America to determine whether and how effectively they display these organisations’ mission statements, as well as any convergence/divergence among these texts.

Design/methodology/approach

A review was conducted of the national library websites of ABINIA’s 22 members to locate their respective mission statements. The statements identified were analysed and evaluated against the positioning and presence criteria and wording proposed by experts.

Findings

Website content clearly attests to national libraries’ eagerness to publicise their mission statements, which are readily accessible in most cases. Their functions are represented to a more or less standard pattern. Most are portrayed as institutions responsible for custodying, enriching, preserving and disseminating their countries’ cultural legacy. Other purposes mentioned include the promulgation of and accessibility to the heritage custodied.

Practical implications

The paper may prove useful for professional librarians involved in drafting or revising their organisation’s mission statement in the wake of changing circumstances or on the occasion of the formulation of a new strategic plan.

Originality/value

Of the very short number of analyses of libraries’ mission statements published to date, none discusses national libraries. This is the very first study of national library mission statement in Ibero-America. It forms part of a line of research dealing with national library mission statements defined and available on institutional websites for countries anywhere in the world.
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Authors: Markowitz-Elfassi Dana , Yarchi Moran , Samuel-Azran Tal
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of politicians’ facial attractiveness on their online popularity as reflected in audience engagement with their Facebook posts during the 2015 Israeli election campaign.

Design/methodology/approach

Using Israel’s 2015 election campaign as the case study, the authors analyzed all messages posted (n=501) on 33 politicians’ official Facebook pages during the week leading to Election Day.

Findings

The results demonstrate that audiences do engage more with posts of the more facially attractive politicians. These posts generated more shares, more comments and more participants in their discussions – but not more likes – relative to posts of less attractive politicians. These effects became even stronger when the posts were accompanied by one or more visual image, and remained significant even after controlling for other engagement predictors, such as a politician’s gender, seniority or the timing of a post’s publication.

Social implications

The findings emphasize the importance of attractive looks for politicians. The findings highlight that attractive politicians’ posts attract more attention, allowing them to better spread their ideas. Thus, politicians should aim to post aesthetic images and visuals to promote better engagement with their ideas on social media.

Originality/value

The study expands our understanding of online presentations of politicians, focusing on the effect of politicians’ facial attractiveness on their online popularity. Recent studies have demonstrated that physically attractive politicians enjoy more and better media attention on television news, but not in non-visual media such as radio and newspapers. This effect has not been examined in the social media environment, a central arena for today’s political debates and one that involves many visual messages.
Properties of soft magnetic Fe-Co-V alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Riipinen Tuomas , Metsä-Kortelainen Sini , Lindroos Tomi , Keränen Janne Sami , Manninen Aino , Pippuri-Mäkeläinen Jenni
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report on the developments in manufacturing soft magnetic materials using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF).

Design/methodology/approach

Ternary soft magnetic Fe-49Co-2V powder was produced by gas atomization and used in an L-PBF machine to produce samples for material characterization. The L-PBF process parameters were optimized for the material, using a design of experiments approach. The printed samples were exposed to different heat treatment cycles to improve the magnetic properties. The magnetic properties were measured with quasi-static direct current and alternating current measurements at different frequencies and magnetic flux densities. The mechanical properties were characterized with tensile tests. Electrical resistivity of the material was measured.

Findings

The optimized L-PBF process parameters resulted in very low porosity. The magnetic properties improved greatly after the heat treatments because of changes in microstructure. Based on the quasi-static DC measurement results, one of the heat treatment cycles led to magnetic saturation, permeability and coercivity values comparable to a commercial Fe-Co-V alloy. The other heat treatments resulted in abnormal grain growth and poor magnetic performance. The AC measurement results showed that the magnetic losses were relatively high in the samples owing to formation of eddy currents.

Research limitations/implications

The influence of L-PBF process parameters on the microstructure was not investigated; hence, understanding the relationship between process parameters, heat treatments and magnetic properties would require more research.

Originality/value

The relationship between microstructure, chemical composition, heat treatments, resistivity and magnetic/mechanical properties of L-PBF processed Fe-Co-V alloy has not been reported previously.
Sustainability in construction and built environment: a “wicked problem”?
Authors: Goel Ashish
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine various uncertainties underlying the concept of sustainability in construction and built environment (SCBE) and determine if SCBE is a “wicked problem” (WP).

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative text analysis and inductive reasoning are used as research methods in this paper. Text analysis of extant literature is performed to categorise the uncertainties underlying the concept of SCBE. Inductive reasoning, based on these categories of uncertainties and the characteristics of WPs provided in the seminal work of Rittel and Webber (1973), is used to assess SCBE as a probable WP.

Findings

Six distinct categories of uncertainties underlying the concept of SCBE are developed: temporal uncertainty, spatial uncertainty, stakeholder uncertainty, societal uncertainty, dimensional uncertainty and assessment uncertainty. The inductive reasoning provides a prima facie evidence that SCBE, underpinned by these uncertainties, is a WP.

Originality/value

To the best of author’s knowledge, this is first of its kind analysis that assesses SCBE from a WP perspective by a systematic categorisation of underlying uncertainties. The findings necessitate a new approach for the context-specific conception of sustainability to commensurate with local values. They also provide a sound academic base to challenge the positivist notions generally associated with SCBE, reflected in sustainability assessment and rating systems currently pursued globally as a means of promoting SCBE.
Developers’ willingness to invest in green features in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Oyewole Matthew Oluwole , Ojutalayo Adeola Adisa , Araloyin Funmilayo Moyinola
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the degree of willingness of property developers to invest in green features in Abuja, the federal capital city of Nigeria, to determine the level of their preparedness for green building development.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were elicited from the property managers of the various property development companies through self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with the use of frequency distribution, percentages and measures of developers’ willingness to invest index.

Findings

The study showed that the developers’ level of willingness to invest in green features is above average with the value of willingness indices on most features rising above 2.5 on a five-point scale. Features that are less capital intensive such as “Location of air intake that are far from source of pollution” (RWI = 4.14) and “Building design that utilize natural and cross ventilation” (RWI = 4.12) attracted higher developers’ level of willingness than features such as “Mechanical ventilation of enclosed parking area” (RWI = 2.15) and “Design for energy efficient deconstruction and recycling” (RWI = 1.84) that are more capital intensive. In addition, the index of willingness (relative willingness index of developers) on features that are associated with occupants’ comfort is higher than the index of willingness on features that confer more of environmental benefits.

Practical implications

The study concludes by advocating that parliamentary arms of all tiers of government should formulate environmental policies and laws that will entrench sustainable practices in the building industry in the country.

Originality/value

This is one of the few studies on the willingness of major stakeholders to invest in green features, particularly in the Nigerian context.
The impact of perceived price justice and satisfaction on loyalty: the mediating effect of revisit intention
Authors: Cakici A. Celil , Akgunduz Yilmaz , Yildirim Oya
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between perceived price justice, satisfaction, revisit intention and loyalty among restaurant customers, specially the mediating effect of revisit intention in the relationship between perceived price justice, satisfaction and loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from a questionnaire distributed to customer of restaurants in Turkey. A total of 304 restaurant customers participated.

Findings

Results from structural equation modeling show that price justice and satisfaction positively influence their revisit intention of restaurant customers, also revisit intention positively influences loyalty of restaurant customers. Also, the empirical results indicate that while revisit intention fully mediates the effect of price justice and loyalty, it partially mediates the effect of satisfaction and loyalty.

Originality/value

When the studies in the literature are examined, it is seen that there are various studies that deal with perceived price justice, customer satisfaction, revisit intention and loyalty variables from a different viewpoint. However, no study has been found on restaurants that investigate the relationship between these four variables and the mediating role of revisit intention. Furthermore, the authors’ study contributes to the hospitality and service management literature in two ways. First, the authors follow recent calls for studies on antecedents of revisit intention, with the aim of providing empirical support to uncover factor that shape customers’ revisit intentions. Second, the authors investigate the attitudinal mechanism that explains how customers’ perception of price justice and satisfaction in their loyalty by exploring the mediation effect of revisit intention. On the other hand, it is foreseen that the study will shed light on restaurant managers and provide healthy data for strategic planning. Additionally, that the results obtained are the practical purpose of the study is to contribute to the determination of product development and promotional strategies for restaurant managements.
Connectivity constrained segmentation of geologic features
Authors: Liu Zhining , Song Chengyun , She Bin , Yao Xingmiao , Hu Guangmin
Published: February 2019

Segmentation of geologic features plays a significant role in seismic interpretation. Based on the segmentation results, interpreters can readily recognize the shape and distribution of geologic features in three‐dimensional space and conduct further quantitative analysis. Usually, there are mainly two steps for the segmentation of geologic features: the first step is to extract seismic attributes that can highlight the occurrence of geologic features, and the second step is to apply the segmentation algorithm on the seismic attribute volumes. However, the occurrence of geologic features is not always corresponding to the anomaly value on the seismic attribute volumes and vice versa because of several factors, such as noise in the seismic data, the limited resolution of seismic images and the limited effectiveness of the seismic attribute. Therefore, the segmentation results, which are generated solely based on seismic attributes, are not sufficient to give an accurate depiction of geologic features. Aiming at this problem, we introduce the connectivity constraint into the process of segmentation based the assumption that for one single geologic feature all of its components should be connected to each other. Benefiting from this global constraint, the segmentation results can precisely exclude the interference by false negatives on seismic attribute volumes. However, directly introducing the connectivity constraint into segmentation would face the risk that the segmentation results would deteriorate significantly because of false positives with relatively large area when the connectivity constraints are enforced. Therefore, based on the seismic attribute that highlights the boundary of geologic feature, we further propose a post‐processing technique, calledpruning, to refine the segmentation results. By taking the segmentation of the channel as an example, we demonstrate that the proposed method is able to preserve the connectivity in the process of segmentation and generate better segmentation results on the field data.
A novel approach to investigate hypoxic microenvironment during rice colonization by Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Chung Hyunjung , Kim Seongbeom , Kim Ki‐Tae , Hwang Bae‐Geun , Kim Hye‐Jeong , Lee Sang‐Joon , Lee Yong‐Hwan
Published: February 2019

Because molecular oxygen functions as the final acceptor of electrons during aerobic respiration and a substrate for diverse enzymatic reactions, eukaryotes employ various mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis under varying oxygen concentration. Human fungal pathogens change the expression of genes involved in virulence and oxygen‐required metabolisms such as ergosterol (ERG) synthesis when they encounter oxygen limitation (hypoxia) during infection. The oxygen level in plant tissues also fluctuates, potentially creating hypoxic stress to pathogens during infection. However, little is known about how in planta oxygen dynamics impact pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated oxygen dynamics in rice during infection by Magnaporthe oryzae via two approaches. First, rice leaves infected by M. oryzae were noninvasively probed using a microscopic oxygen sensor. Second, an immunofluorescence assay based on a chemical probe, pimonidazole, was used. Both methods showed that oxygen concentration in rice decreased after fungal penetration. We also functionally characterized five hypoxia‐responsive genes participating in ERG biosynthesis for their role in pathogenesis. Resulting insights and tools will help study the nature of in planta oxygen dynamics in other pathosystems.
Integrated mobile genetic elements in Thaumarchaeota
Authors: Krupovic Mart , Makarova Kira S. , Wolf Yuri I. , Medvedeva Sofia , Prangishvili David , Forterre Patrick , Koonin Eugene V.
Published: February 2019

To explore the diversity of mobile genetic elements (MGE) associated with archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota, we exploited the property of most MGE to integrate into the genomes of their hosts. Integrated MGE (iMGE) were identified in 20 thaumarchaeal genomes amounting to 2 Mbp of mobile thaumarchaeal DNA. These iMGE group into five major classes: (i) proviruses, (ii) casposons, (iii) insertion sequence‐like transposons, (iv) integrative‐conjugative elements and (v) cryptic integrated elements. The majority of the iMGE belong to the latter category and might represent novel families of viruses or plasmids. The identified proviruses are related to tailed viruses of the order Caudovirales and to tailless icosahedral viruses with the double jelly‐roll capsid proteins. The thaumarchaeal iMGE are all connected within a gene sharing network, highlighting pervasive gene exchange between MGE occupying the same ecological niche. The thaumarchaeal mobilome carries multiple auxiliary metabolic genes, including multicopper oxidases and ammonia monooxygenase subunit C (AmoC), and stress response genes, such as those for universal stress response proteins (UspA). Thus, iMGE might make important contributions to the fitness and adaptation of their hosts. We identified several iMGE carrying type I‐B CRISPR‐Cas systems and spacers matching other thaumarchaeal iMGE, suggesting antagonistic interactions between coexisting MGE and symbiotic relationships with the ir archaeal hosts.
A new student engagement observational instrument for use with students with intellectual disability
Authors: Le Lant Carol , Lawson Michael J.
Published: February 2019

Student engagement is recognised as being necessary for students to achieve well academically. Much student engagement research is centred on the perceptions of students via self‐assessment or teacher questionnaires. For young students, particularly those with intellectual disability (ID), self‐assessment can be problematic due to their disability. Teacher questionnaires can also be difficult to administer in such students, as often the engagement behaviours or processes to be identified are internal. This study introduces a new student engagement checklist (SEC) developed to rate the observable task, affective and cognitive engagement behaviours of students with ID when working on academic tasks. The SEC was applied to video footage of five junior primary students with ID participating in 20 individual reading lessons. The study used an alternating‐treatments, single‐case design that enabled comparison of levels of engagement in two different lesson formats. This study indicates that the SEC can be used reliably to generate estimates of the task, affective and cognitive engagement components with the students involved. Importantly, the SEC provided relevant information on distinct elements of cognitive engagement, particularly highlighting the low levels of elaboration and monitoring behaviour, elements of cognitive engagement. This information has not been readily available in previous research. This study suggests that the SEC would be useful in further research on engagement with different types of students, not only those with limited language and cognitive delay.
Affective issues impacting children with dyslexia in a special school in Ireland
Authors: Brien Trevor O’
Published: February 2019

In this paper, the views of young children towards school in Ireland are presented. The six children at the centre of the study each had a diagnosis of dyslexia and attended a reading school. The project aimed to build on previous research pertaining to the experiences of children with dyslexia in special settings. As the topic of student voice has become central in educational discourse, it was considered important to investigate children's views. The objective was to share these views with practitioners and researchers as a means of improving practice. Focus groups were conducted on two occasions to elicit the expert views of the participants and the data were interpreted using Braun and Clarke's Model of analysis (2006). The key findings pointed to increased confidence, self‐esteem and self‐efficacy in the special setting. The importance of relationships and the physical environment which impacted the students were also highlighted. The topic of bullying in the context of mainstream schools was also raised by the children. The study signifies the importance of listening to children's views on topics which affect them and raises the issue of whether children should be included more fully in educational matters, both in policy‐making and in practice.
Metabolite Profiles of Raw Peanut Seeds Reveal Differences between Market‐Types
Authors: Klevorn Claire M. , Dean Lisa L. , Johanningsmeier Suzanne D.
Published: February 2019

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are prized for their flavor and popular worldwide as food or as food ingredients. The raw peanut seed contains the precursor compounds to roasted peanut flavor and has the potential to be manipulated through traditional breeding methods. However, little is known about the metabolome of the raw seeds. Comprehensive metabolite profiles of both raw runner and Virginia‐type peanuts were determined. Using a system incorporating several methodologies including (RP)/UPLC‐MS/MS and HILIC/UPLC‐MS/MS, along with quantitation of fatty acids, free amino acids, and tocopherols, 365 metabolites were identified and of these, 52 were significantly different between market types (P < 0.05). Higher levels of gamma‐glutamylalanine, oxylipins, purine metabolites, and alpha‐ketoglutarate derived members of the glutamate family of amino acids defined the Virginia‐type, while runner‐type peanuts were differentiated by their ethylmalonate and eicosenoate content. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the raw peanut seed, providing knowledge of the range of small molecules present in peanuts. The new information presented here will enable future research for peanut quality improvement.

Practical Application

Peanuts are widely used as snack foods and as food ingredients. Knowledge of the secondary metabolite compounds in raw peanuts is needed to determine their importance in peanut flavor and nutritional quality. This report used a nontargeted analytical approach for the identification of these types of compounds in peanuts for the first time. These data were supplemented with quantitative analysis of free amino acids and tocopherols and discussed as potential flavor precursors and health promoting compounds.