bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive Communication and Marketing Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises within Nyanza Region, Kenya
Authors: Kaunda Kenneth , Thuo John Kuria , Kwendo Evans
Published: April 2023

To address the ever-changing needs of the clients, MSEs have to potentiate their one-to-one interaction with their customers as a cornerstone for their marketing performance. This is because interactive marketing courtesy of interactive communication makes a real effort to reach customers and understand their needs and preferences leading to high levels of marketing performance. However, the use of collaborative technologies for interactive communication amongst MSEs in Kenya remains a challenge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the influence of interactive communication on the marketing performance of micro and small enterprises within Nyanza region, Kenya. Theory of relational market behaviour and a cross-sectional survey research design was adopted with a target population of 3,211 registered MSE owners in the Nyanza out of which sample size of 356 was selected using Yamanes (1967) formula. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS version 25.0. From findings intercreative communication explained 30.7 percent variation on marketing performance. A coefficient of .319 indicated that a unit change in interactive communication leads to .319 units of positive change in marketing performance. In conclusion interactive communication significantly predicts marketing performance at  thus the rejection of the null hypothesis. There is need for MSEs to strengthen their interactive communication platforms for consumers to voice their requirements, perspectives, or opinions and support information exchange. They should also develop methods for collecting input from customers. The report also suggests that when dealing with consumers, MSEs should use positive language, be concise and clear, and personalize their interactions. Thus, it mandates the MSEs to scan the marketing environment for opportunities and align their capabilities of interactive marketing communications with the changes in the customer preferences for maximal output. The finding of this study can help major stakeholders in the MSE sector to strengthen interactive marketing communications for marketing performance.
Pseudorandom modulation continuous-wave narrowband sodium temperature and wind lidar
Authors: Fang Xin , Li Feng , Sun Lei-lei , Li Tao
Published: April 2023

Abstract. We report the first pseudorandom modulation continuous-wave (PMCW) narrowband sodium temperature and wind lidar developed at the
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). The laser system uses
a 1178 nm diode seed laser and a fiber Raman amplifier with a fiber-coupled acousto-optic frequency shifter (AOFS) to generate a narrowband 589.158 nm light
with an output power of 1.5 W at three frequencies of v0,
v+, and v−. Based on an innovative technique and
algorithm, the main beam and the residual beam modulated by electro-optic
modulator (EOM) with M pseudorandom sequence code
(M-code) are separately directed to the vertical and
eastward directions. The three-frequency light is designed in timing with the
multiple-period 127-bit M-code groups. The uncertainties of the temperature
and wind with the vertical and temporal resolutions of 1 km and 30 min
under clear-sky conditions are estimated to be 5.0 K and 10 m s−1,
respectively, at the sodium peak. The temperature and wind results are in
good agreement with those observed by satellite and nearby ground-based
meteor radar, demonstrating the reliability of the PMCW narrowband sodium
lidar system for measuring the mesopause region's temperature and wind.
Modeling and Analytical Description of Parasitic Probe Effects in Measurements of Conductor-Backed Coplanar Waveguides
Authors: Phung Gia Ngoc , Arz Uwe
Published: April 2023

Abstract. On-wafer measurements are of fundamental importance to the characterization of active and passive devices at millimetre-wave frequencies. They have been commonly known to be ambitious and challenging due to the occurrence of parasitic effects originating from probes, multimode propagation, crosstalk between adjacent structures and radiation. While a lot of investigations have been performed for conventional coplanar waveguides (CPW) measured on ceramic chucks, the parasitic effects occuring in conductor-backed CPWs (CB-CPWs) have not been fully understood yet. Therefore, this paper presents a thorough study for CB-CPWs based on electromagnetic simulations. Additionally, this paper proposes an analytical description accounting for the probe geometries to predict the occurrence of resonance effects due to the propagation of the parallel-plate-line (PPL) mode. For the first time, a new analytical description including the effects of the probe geometries is presented and validated by both measurements and simulations.
The ST22 chronology for the Skytrain Ice Rise ice core – Part 2: An age model to the last interglacial and disturbed deep stratigraphy
Authors: Mulvaney Robert , Wolff Eric W. , Grieman Mackenzie M. , Hoffmann Helene H. , Humby Jack D. , Nehrbass-Ahles Christoph , Rhodes Rachael H. , Rowell Isobel F. , Parrenin Frédéric , Schmidely Loïc , Fischer Hubertus , Stocker Thomas F. , Christl Marcus , Muscheler Raimund , Landais Amaelle , Prié Frédéric
Published: April 2023

Abstract. We present an age model for the 651 m deep ice core from Skytrain Ice Rise,
situated inland of the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The top 2000 years have
previously been dated using age markers interpolated through annual layer
counting. Below this, we align the Skytrain core to the AICC2012 age model
using tie points in the ice and air phase, and we apply the Paleochrono program
to obtain the best fit to the tie points and glaciological constraints. In
the gas phase, ties are made using methane and, in critical sections,
δ18Oair; in the ice phase ties are through 10Be
across the Laschamps event and through ice chemistry related to long-range
dust transport and deposition. This strategy provides a good outcome to
about 108 ka (∼ 605 m). Beyond that there are signs of flow
disturbance, with a section of ice probably repeated. Nonetheless values of
CH4 and δ18Oair confirm that part of the last
interglacial (LIG), from about 117–126 ka (617–627 m), is present and in
chronological order. Below this there are clear signs of stratigraphic
disturbance, with rapid oscillation of values in both the ice and gas phase
at the base of the LIG section, below 628 m. Based on methane values, the
warmest part of the LIG and the coldest part of the penultimate glacial are
missing from our record. Ice below 631 m appears to be of age > 150 ka.
The coupled system response to 250 years of freshwater forcing: Last Interglacial CMIP6–PMIP4 HadGEM3 simulations
Authors: Guarino Maria Vittoria , Sime Louise C. , Diamond Rachel , Ridley Jeff , Schroeder David
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The lig127k-H11 simulation of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) is run using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model. We focus on the coupled system response to the applied meltwater forcing. We show here that the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean is altered in the hosing experiment compared to a Last Interglacial simulation with no meltwater forcing applied. Two aspects in particular of the atmosphere–ocean coupling are found to be affected: Northern Hemisphere (NH) gyre heat transport and Antarctic sea ice area. We apply 0.2 Sv of meltwater forcing across the North Atlantic during a 250-year-long simulation. We find that the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is reduced by 60 % after 150 years of meltwater forcing, with an associated decrease of 0.2 to 0.4 PW in meridional ocean heat transport at all latitudes. The changes in ocean heat transport affect surface temperatures. The largest increase in the meridional surface temperature gradient occurs between 40–50∘ N. This increase is associated with a strengthening of 20 % in 850 hPa winds. The jet stream intensification in the Northern Hemisphere in return alters the temperature structure of the ocean by increasing the gyre circulation at the mid-latitudes and the associated heat transport by +0.1–0.2 PW, and it decreases the gyre circulation at high latitudes with a decrease of ocean heat transport of −0.2 PW. The changes in meridional surface temperature and pressure gradients cause the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to move southward, leading to stronger westerlies and a more positive Southern Annual Mode (SAM) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The positive SAM influences sea ice formation, leading to an increase in Antarctic sea ice.
Evolution of winter precipitation in the Nile-River watershed since the last glacial
Authors: Meyer Vera Dorothee , Pätzold Jürgen , Mollenhauer Gesine , Schefuß Enno
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Between 11.5 and 5 ka BP, the Sahara was vegetated owing to a wet climate during the African Humid Period (AHP). However, the climatic factors sustaining the “Green Sahara” are still a matter of debate. Particularly the role of winter precipitation is poorly understood. Using the stable hydrogen isotopic composition (δD) of high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanoic acids in a marine sediment core from the Eastern Mediterranean (EM), we provide a continuous record for winter precipitation in the Nile-River delta spanning the past 18 ka. Pairing the data with regional δD records from HMW n-alkanes, we show that HMW n-alkanoic acids constantly derive from the delta while the HMW n-alkanes also receive significant contributions from the headwaters between ~15–1 ka BP due to enhanced fluvial runoff. This enables us to reconstruct the evolution of Mediterranean (winter) and monsoonal (summer) rainfall in the Nile River watershed in parallel. Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) evolved in two phases with a dry spell between ~17.5–16.0 ka BP followed by wet conditions between ~16–14.5 ka BP owing to movements of the Atlantic storm track. Winter rainfall enhanced substantially between 11–6 ka BP lagging behind the intensification of the summer monsoon by ca. 3 ka. Heavy winter rainfall resulted from a southern position of the Atlantic storm track combined with elevated sea-surface temperatures in the EM reinforcing local cyclogenesis. We show that during the “Green Sahara” monsoon precipitation and Mediterranean winter rainfall were simultaneously enhanced and infer that the winter-rainfall zone extended southwards delivering moisture to the Sahara. Our findings corroborate recent hypotheses according to which southward extended winter rains were a crucial addition to the northward displacement of the summer monsoon helping to sustain a “Green Sahara”.
A remote-sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity in the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain)
Authors: Cazorla Beatriz P. , Cabello Javier , Reyes Andrés , Guirado Emilio , Peñas Julio , Pérez-Luque Antonio J. , Alcaraz-Segura Domingo
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Conservation biology faces the challenge of safeguarding the ecosystem functions and ecological processes (the water cycle, nutrients, energy flow, and community dynamics) that sustain the multiple facets of biodiversity. Characterization and evaluation of these processes and functions can be carried out through functional attributes or traits related to the exchanges of matter and energy between vegetation and the atmosphere. Based on this principle, satellite imagery can provide integrative spatiotemporal characterizations of ecosystem functions at local to global scales. Here, we provide a multitemporal dataset at protected-area level that characterizes the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of ecosystem functioning in the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra Nevada (Spain), captured through the spectral Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI, using product MOD13Q1.006 from the MODIS sensor) from 2001 to 2018. The database contains, at the annual scale, a synthetic map of Ecosystem Functional Type (EFT) classes from three Ecosystem Functional Attributes (EFAs): (i) descriptors of annual primary production, (ii) seasonality, and (iii) phenology of carbon gains. It also includes two ecosystem functional-diversity indices derived from the above datasets: (i) EFT richness and (ii) EFT rarity. Finally, it provides interannual summaries for all previously mentioned variables, i.e., their long-term means and interannual variability. The datasets are available at two open-source sites (PANGAEA: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924792; Cazorla et al., 2020a; interannual summaries at http://obsnev.es/apps/efts_SN.html, last access: 17 April 2023). This dataset provides scientists, environmental managers, and the public in general with valuable information on the first characterization of ecosystem functional diversity based on primary production developed in the Sierra Nevada, a biodiversity hotspot in the Mediterranean basin and an exceptional natural laboratory for ecological research within the Long-Term Social-Ecological Research (LTER) network.
Earthquake vulnerability assessment of the built environment in the city of Srinagar, Kashmir Himalaya, using a geographic information system
Authors: Fayaz Midhat , Romshoo Shakil A. , Rashid Irfan , Chandra Rakesh
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The study investigates the earthquake vulnerability of buildings in
Srinagar, an urban city in the Kashmir Himalaya, India. The city, covering
an area of around 246 km2 and divided into 69 municipal wards, is
situated in the tectonically active and densely populated mountain
ecosystem. Given the haphazard development and high earthquake vulnerability
of the city, it is critical to assess the vulnerability of the built
environment to inform policy-making for developing effective earthquake risk
reduction strategies. Integrating various parameters in a geographic
information system (GIS) using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and
technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)
approaches, the ward-wise vulnerability of the buildings revealed that a
total of ∼ 17 km2 area (∼ 7 % area; 23
wards) has very high to high vulnerability, moderate vulnerability affects
∼ 69 km2 of the city area (28 % area; 19 wards), and
∼ 160 km2 area (∼ 65 % area; 27 wards)
has vulnerability ranging from very low to low. Overall, the downtown wards
are most vulnerable to earthquake damage due to the high risk of pounding,
high building density, and narrower roads with little or no open spaces. The
modern uptown wards, on the other hand, have lower earthquake vulnerability
due to the relatively wider roads and low building density. To build a safe
and resilient city for its 1.5 million citizens, the knowledge generated in
this study would inform action plans for developing earthquake risk
reduction measures, which should include strict implementation of the
building codes, retrofitting of the vulnerable buildings, and creating a
disaster consciousness among its citizenry.
Magnetic fabric analyses of basin inversion: a sandbox modelling approach
Authors: Schöfisch Thorben , Koyi Hemin , Almqvist Bjarne
Published: April 2023

Abstract. A magnetic fabric analysis is a useful tool to display deformation in nature and in models. In this study, three sandbox models represent basin inversion above a velocity discontinuity (base plate). After complete deformation of each model, samples were taken in different parts of the models (along faults and areas away from faults) for magnetic fabric analysis. Model I, which simulates basin formation during extension, shows two kinds of magnetic fabric: an “undeformed”/initial fabric in areas away from faults and a normal fault-induced fabric with a magnetic foliation that tends to align with the fault surface. Models II and III were extended to the same stage as Model I but were subsequently shortened/inverted by 1.5 cm (Model II) and 4 cm (Model III). Both inverted models developed “thrusts” during inversion. The
thrusts show an alignment of magnetic foliation parallel to the fault
surfaces that depends on the maturity of the thrust. Our results highlight
that thrusting is more efficient in aligning the magnetic fabric along them
compared to normal faults. Moreover, models II and III reveal a magnetic
fabric overprint towards a penetrative strain-induced fabric (magnetic
lineation perpendicular to shortening direction) with increasing strain in
areas away from thrusts. Such overprint shows a gradual transition of a
magnetic fabric to a penetrative strain-induced fabric and further into a
thrust-induced fabric during shortening/inversion. In contrast, extension
(Model I) developed distinct magnetic fabrics without gradual overprint. In
addition, pre-existing normal faults are also overprinted to a penetrative
strain-induced fabric during model inversion. They define weak zones within
the main pop-up imbricate and steepen during model inversion. Steepening
influences the magnetic fabric at the faults and, in general, the strain
propagation through the model during inversion. The magnetic fabric extracted from the models presented here reflect the
different stages of basin development and inversion. This study is a first
attempt of applying magnetic fabric analyses on models simulating inverted
basins. This study illustrates the possibility of applying a robust tool,
i.e. magnetic fabric analyses, to sandbox models, whose initial,
intermediate, and final stages are well documented, to understand fabric
development in inverted tectonic regimes.
Converging Profile Relationships for Offshore Wind Speed and Turbulence Intensity
Authors: Jeans Gus
Published: April 2023

Abstract. This paper reduces uncertainty in the quantification of offshore wind speed and turbulence intensity. A primary application is estimation of extreme wind speeds for design of wind energy generation systems, including turbines and fixed or floating support structures. Results of significance to normal winds, for resource assessment, engineering design or operations, can also be derived. This research is part of wider efforts to bring together the long established, but traditionally separate, onshore wind energy and metocean technical disciplines. A range of industry standard relationships, including those from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO), are compared with an extensive set of met mast data collected offshore Northwestern Europe over recent decades. Analysis initially focused on over 1000 independent storm peak events identified within the 10 minute mean wind speed time series. Time series and coherent vertical profiles were subjected to detailed scrutiny and analysis, considering wind speeds at various averaging periods, turbulence intensity and gust factors. Most peak events were associated with neutral atmospheric conditions, so were well represented by the ISO Frøya profile, with shear close to the IEC power law exponent of α = 0.11. A new pragmatic framework for classification of wind profiles in terms of relative shear is outlined, bringing together key elements of the IEC and ISO standards. This relative shear framework, which extends over the full range of measured wind speeds, is related to atmospheric stability and used to distinguish different classes of ambient turbulence intensity. New empirical relationships to quantify offshore wind ambient turbulence intensity are described. This study highlights the critical role of turbulence intensity in the estimation of gust factors, with a range of relevant relationships from IEC, ISO and other sources assessed using the extensive set of measured storm peak events. A simple generalised form of gust factor relationship is adopted, with a coefficient that varies with averaging period. A similar, but distinct, analysis yields recommendations for estimating peak 10 minute mean winds from peaks in 1 or 3 hour mean winds. Finally, a simplified workflow for the estimation of extreme offshore winds is outlined.
PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN KOMUNITAS MELALUI PENDEKATAN KELUARGA
Authors: Kerangan Johanis , Budiawan Helly , Langelo Wahyuny
Published: April 2023

The ability to build good relationships in community nursing practice should be maximized. Efforts to improve the ability to work with individuals, families, and groups in community health care settings must apply the health and community nursing concept. The approach to the family is based on the fostered family with high risk as a case of scattered families. The group approach is carried out by forming a Health working group. The community approach is carried out through cooperation with village officials, village leaders, and the entire village community. With the implementation of the community nursing process and community organizing, it is hoped that all problems that arise in the community can be resolved so that the community can be independent in trying to improve their health status.
PENANGANAN KEGAWATDARURATAN SEHARI-HARI DAN KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA BANJIR DI DESA TOUNELET KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Kerangan Johanis , Budiawan Helly , Oroh Cindi
Published: April 2023

Emergency events usually occur quickly and suddenly, making it difficult to predict when they will happen. The best step for this situation is to be alert and make concrete efforts to anticipate it. A form of assistance mechanism must be considered for victims from the beginning of the scene, during the journey to health facilities, and assistance at health facilities until after the injury incident. The achievement of the patient's quality of life at the end of the aid must remain the goal of the entire series of assistance provided. Meanwhile, flood preparedness can be done by simulating a flood disaster evaluation to the community so that people know where to go when a flood occurs. With this handling activity, it is hoped that it can help overcome problems in Tounelet Village, West Langowan District, and Minahasa Regency.
THE EFFICIENCYOF THE NUTRIENT DOSES WITH SEVERAL CROPS IN FUNCTION OF THE SOIL SUPPLY
Authors: SUSINSKI Mihai , DOBRE Marian , BĂDESCU Gabriel , BECHERESCU Corneliu
Published: April 2023

From a surface of about 50 ha, located in District Olt, there have been taken soil samples on 0-20 cm depth and there were made agrochemical analyses. In function of the results of the analyses there were calculated the fertilizer doses N, P, K, active ingredients, for the fertilization of the, wheat, corn, sunflower and oil seed rape.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT WITH FUNGICIDES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSESIN LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL. PLANTS ATTACKED BY THE ALTERNARIA SOLANI SORAUER
Authors: NICOLAE Ion , BUȘE-DRAGOMIR Luminița
Published: April 2023

The influence of the treatment with fungicides on the physiological processes were observed in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. plants cultivated in the climatic conditions in Oltenia region.The physiological researches were performed on August 23th 2021, both for plants treated with Dithane M-45 (0,2%), in four phases, at 7 days interval and also for the plants attacked by AlternariasolaniSorauer, in which treatments have not been performed.In the leaves of the plants attacked by the pathogen it was observed that the physiological processes’ intensity (photosynthesis and transpiration intensity) is lower as a result of the effects produced by the pathogen manifested by the appearance of dark brown spots with closed concentric rings.The content in chlorophyll is higher at the analysed leaves after performing fungicide treatment, thus existing a positive correlation between this content and the photosynthesis intensity.
kelompok sel yang bertumbuh
Authors: Hermanugerah Prima
Published: April 2023

Often cell groups are considered part of a church program. Usually held once a week. Until recently, cell groups were considered commonplace and many churches forgot about this. The church must quickly realize that cell groups must be built for the growth of a church. This desire is driven by the fact that cell groups are an important part of the growth of a church. For that the author tries to explore about this cell group and how it affects the growth of the church. Here the author invites all believers to pay attention to the church in Indonesia, what is the response given about the growth of the church? Is it just a natural growth, in the sense of the church preaching the good news to people who do not currently know Jesus or the church only accommodating other church members who are bitter towards the pastors and workers of the church. Church leaders can find a very interesting and effective way of church growth that is in the Bible that can be applied today.AbstrakSeringkali kelompok sel dianggap sebagai salah satu program gereja. Biasanya diadakan setiap seminggu sekali. Sampai saat ini, kelompok sel dianggap sesuatu yang biasa dan banyak gereja yang melupakan hal ini. Gereja harus segera menyadari bahwa kelompok sel harus dibangun untuk pertumbuhan sebuah gereja. Keinginan ini didorong bahwa kelompok sel adalah bagian penting dalam pertumbuhan sebuah gereja. Untuk itu penulis berusaha mengupas tentang kelompok sel ini dan bagaimana pengaruhnya bagi pertumbuhan gereja. Disini penulis mengajak semua orang percaya untuk memperhatikan gereja yang ada di Indonesia bagaimana tanggapan yang diberikan tentang pertumbuhan gereja tersebut? Apakah hanya pertumbuhan secara alamiah, dalam arti gereja memberitakan kabar sukacita kepada orang yang saat ini belum mengenal Yesus atau gereja hanya menampung anggota-anggota gereja lain yang kepahitan terhadap gembala dan pengerja gereja tersebut. Para pemimpin gereja dapat menemukan suatu cara yang sangat menarik dan efektif tentang pertumbuhan gereja yang ada di Alkitab yang dapat diterapkan pada saat ini.
Suku Kombai: Tradisi Lisan dan Tinjauan Teologis
Authors: Giban Yoel , Djoweni Isak Sonherip
Published: April 2023

Suku Kombai adalah salah satu suku yang berada di Kabupaten Bovendigul. Masyarakat suku kombai sampai saat ini masih berada di bawah garis kemiskinan. Mereka masih mempertahakan tradisi lisannya dalam mewariskan nilai-nilai budaya suku Kombai kepada penerusnya secara lisan. Tradisi lisan dalam Suku Kombai terjaga secara terukur dan sistematis sebagaimana yang diwariskan oleh nenek moyang mereka.Sejak tahun 1958 banyak penginjil dan pendidik telah diutus ke suku Kombai namun fakta menjelaskan bahwa sejarah tradisi lisan mereka jauh lebih kuat di banding dengan semua ajaran yang masuk ke suku Kombai. Oleh sebab itu penulis merasa penting untuk menjelaskan kekuatan tradisi lisan suku kombai dari sudut pandang teologis.
Memahami Penderitaan Ayub Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Tafsir Ayub 42:7-17
Authors: Rori Hana
Published: April 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic crisis in various areas of life cannot be denied. Various ways by the government and community organization to remain resistant continue to be implemented. This paper aims to interpret the book of Job 4:7-17 using the method of narrative criticism. Explore the meaning in it and integrate it during a pandemic. The result found is that recovery is a part of life after experiencing suffering. The attitude of helping each other during a pandemic is needed for recovery-restoration, like the story of Job who was helped by the surrounding environment. Recovery cannot be separated from acceptance as well as release. Accepting the understanding that suffering is not only a bad part of life but has an overall positive impact on life. This study also discusses the importance of respecting nature as part of God's creation, so that nature does not fight back, because nature and humans are equal according to God's wisdom. This study suggests further research, especially the study of reader responses regarding the story of Job during the pandemic.AbstrakKrisis pandemi Covid-19 terhadap berbagai bidang kehidupan tidak dapat disangkal. Berbagai cara pemerintah maupun organisasi masyarakat untuk tetap resistan terus dilaksanakan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menafsir kitab Ayub 4:7-17 menggunakan metode kritik naratif. Menggali makna di dalamnya serta memadukannya di masa pandemi. Hasil yang ditemui adalah pemulihan merupakan bagian kehidupan setelah mengalami penderitaan. Sikap saling tolong menolong di masa pandemi diperlukan untuk pemulihan seperti kisah Ayub yang dibantu oleh lingkungan sekitarnya. Pemulihan tidak lepas dari penerimaan juga pelepasan. Menerima pemahaman derita bukan hanya bagian buruk kehidupan tapi memberikan dampak positif secara keseluruhan di dalam kehidupan. Penelitian ini juga membahas pentingnya menghargai alam sebagai bagian ciptaan Tuhan, agar alam tidak melawan balik, karena alam dan manusia setara menurut hikmat Tuhan. Penelitian ini menyarankan penelitian lanjutan khususnya kajian respon pembaca mengenai kisah Ayub di masa pandemi.
Studi Teologis Kepemimpinan Nehemia Berdasarkan Kitab Nehemia
Authors: Perangin Angin Yakub Hendrawan , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Yeniretnowati Tri Astuti
Published: April 2023

This research shows leadership practices that have been thousands of years old and have succeeded brilliantly, but the principles contained in them still apply today and even in the era of the future. The uniqueness and richness of the leadership performed by Nehemiah as recorded in the Old Testament proves that the principles of reliable leadership not only in the world of religious service but also in the world of work are applied. The method used in this article is a qualitative method of library research. The results of this study show that Nehemiah's excellent leadership principles and become a role model for Christian leadership in any field can be applied, at least there are eight leadership principles, namely: First, Leadership that focuses on God. Second, leadership that understands the organizational context. Third, leadership based on risk and information thinking. Fourth, leadership that implements a comprehensive strategy. Fifth, servant leadership. Sixth, Empowering leadership with love and example. Seventh, effective and efficient leadership in managing resources. Eighth, leadership that conducts audits and complies with regulations and makes corrections.Abstrak Penelitian ini menunjukkan praktik kepemimpinan yang sudah berusia ribuan tahun dan berhasil dengan gemilang namun prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung di dalamnya masih terus berlaku di zaman ini bahkan zaman era ke depan. Keunikan dan kekayaan kepemimpinan yang dilakukan oleh Nehemia yang tercatat dalam Kitab Perjanjian Lama membuktikan kaidah-kaidah kepemimpinan yang handal bukan saja di dunia pelayanan keagamaan namun juga di dunia kerja diterapkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode kualitatif riset pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan prinsip-prinsip kepemimpinan Nehemia yang prima dan menjadi role model kepemimpinan Kristen di area bidang apapun dapat diterapkan, paling tidak ada delapan prinsip kepemimpinan, yaitu: Pertama, Kepemimpinan yang fokus pada Allah. Kedua, Kepemimpinan yang memahami konteks organisasi. Ketiga, Kepemimpinan yang berbasis berpikir risiko dan informasi. Keempat, Kepemimpinan yang menerapkan strategi komprehensif. Kelima, Kepemimpinan yang melayani. Keenam, Kepemimpinan yang memberdayaan dengan kasih dan teladan. Ketujuh, Kepemimpinan yang efektif dan efisien mengelola sumber daya. Kedelapan, Kepemimpinan yang melakukan audit dan patuh peraturan serta melakukan korektif.
Impact of Volunteer Work on Improving the Quality of Social Life from the Perspective of Social Work Specialists
Authors: Alsehaimi Aref
Published: April 2023

Quality of social life is a good aim for all components of civil and volunteer work in Saudi society. This study examined the impact of volunteer work on improving the quality of social life from the perspective of social work specialists in Saudi universities. The study used several indicators: The volunteer’s ability to build social relationships, build human capacities, and manage living life, as well as their sense of satisfaction and satisfaction of basic and social needs. Descriptive analysis of variables was performed on data collected from four Saudi universities: King Saud University, um Al-Qura University, Princess Nourah University, and the University of Hail; 180 social work specialists were randomly enrolled, including faculty members and male and female students. The results revealed that the general impact of volunteer work on improving the quality of social life was 2.44 ± 0.68 (mean ± standard deviation) and that the overall average of the role of social work in supporting volunteer work and improving the quality of social life was 2.35 ± 0.71. Civil society institutions should implement volunteer work programs that improve the quality of social, economic, health, and environmental life in Saudi society.
RESEARCH ARTICLE: Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback in the Treatment of Depression
Authors: Kopka Marcin
Published: April 2023

Several interventions used in treatment of depressive symptoms can enhance cardiovascular risk due to negative impacts on autonomic balance. Decreased vagal tone and/or excessive sympathetic nervous system activity have been noted in patients with depression. Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) training may be able to reduce the cardiovascular risk for depressed patients by increasing the parasympathetic input to the heart. The results of published studies support that HRV BFB may be useful as an adjunctive treatment for patients with depression.
Peningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam penyusunan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas bagi Guru SD Perumnas 1 Kota Kupang
Authors: Fembriani Fembriani , Ga Paulina Riwu , Kota Martha K
Published: April 2023

The workshop training objectives are to improve teachers' ability to prepare proposals and classroom action research (CAR). This activity was carried out in SD Perumnas 1 Kupang City. This training is expected to benefit teachers, especially teachers, to be more motivated in conducting classroom action research. In addition, this training is used to develop and improve the quality of learning by using one of the methods, models, approaches, and related learning strategies to achieve the expected learning outcomes. CAR is beneficial for teachers to improve the quality of the process and learning outcomes in the classroom. By carrying out the CAR stages, teachers can find solutions to problems that arise in their class, not someone else's, by applying various creatively relevant theories and learning techniques. In addition, to applied research, besides the teacher carrying out his primary task of teaching in the classroom, there is no need to leave the students. So CAR is research that raises the actual problems teachers face in the field. By implementing CAR, the teacher has a dual role: practitioner and researcher.
Eventos adversos e incidentes notificados em um centro de materiais e esterilização
Authors: Marques Lounay Carla Regina , Medeiros Kamila Aparecida , Ignácio Alves Débora Cristina , Lopes Daniele , Pissaia de Lima Mediury Moara , Tonini Nelsi Salete
Published: April 2023

RESUMO: Objetivo: Caracterizar as notificações dos incidentes e eventos adversos do Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME) de um hospital de ensino. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, documental, descritivo e quantitativo em um CME classe II, em que foram analisadas as notificações contidas no banco de dados do Núcleo do Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade e Segurança do paciente, entre 2016 e 2020. Como técnica de análise dos dados coletados, utilizou-se o diagrama de causa e efeito, e a descrição das notificações foram agrupadas conforme o diagrama de 6M: método; material; mão de obra; máquina; medida; e meio ambiente. Resultados: Entre as notificações realizadas, as variáveis matéria-prima e método foram as que mais geraram incidentes durante todo o período, representando 28,54 e 26,44%, respectivamente. Além disso, o Centro Cirúrgico foi o que mais notificou e foi notificado pelo CME. Conclusão: Foi possível conhecer os incidentes que mais predominam no CME da instuição, e as variáveis materiais e método, com o centro cirúrgico, foram as variáveis e setor que mais geraram notificações no período pesquisado.
Awareness of Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Pakistani Medical Students and Doctors; A Systematic Review
Authors: Farooq Khan Mohammad Mustafa , Mumtaz Muhammad Talha , Afreen Amman , Khan Maliha Aslam , Chaudhary Khizar Ali , Uzair Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Background Cervical cancer screening is one of the most important public health interventions for cervical cancer prevention, yet awareness among Pakistani medical students and doctors is alarmingly low. Objective: to provide an in-depth understanding of the awareness and attitudes of Pakistani medical students and doctors towards cervical cancer screening Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, and qualitative and quantitative findings from studies conducted between January 2010 and June 2022 were synthesized. Results: The research found that Pakistani medical students and doctors have limited knowledge of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening and a generally negative attitude towards cervical cancer screening. The paper also identified numerous influencing factors that contribute to the low awareness and attitudes towards the screening, such as traditional cultural beliefs, lack of training and education, and limited access to health care services. Conclusion, the research found a desperate need for interventions to raise awareness and to create an environment of acceptance and support for cervical cancer screening among Pakistani medical students and doctors. Keywords: Cervical Cancer, Screening, Pakistani Medical Students and Doctors, Knowledge, Pap smear, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Clinical Significance of Elevated Serum IL-36γ Levels in Patients with Early-Stage Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Arif Saba , Sakhawat Azra , Nawaz Naveeda , Sarfraz Maria , Shabbir Rabbia , Mushtaq Saira
Published: April 2023

Background: Hypothyroidism was the diagnosed and treated as a result of health related quality of life issues. The aim of this study was that to evaluate the effect of IL-36 γ, Tg-Ab and TOP-Ab in the Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT). Study design: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Rawal Institute of health sciences, Islamabad duration of study was six month, from April 2022 to September 2022. Methods: A total number of the patients was n=150 which divided into two group, control and HT group. To perform EISA for the estimation of free triiodothyronine 3, 4 (FT3, FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TOP-Ab) and thyroid globulin antibody (Tg-Ab). The data was analyzed by SPSS 21. Results: The serum IL-36γ show correlation with the TOP-Ab and FT3 in HT. The IL-36γ was significantly higher in HT as compared to the control group; p<0.001**. The IL-36γ show significant negative correlation with TOP-Ab (<0.001**, r-0.126) and non- significant positive correlation with FT3 (0.321, r= + 0.28) in HT patients. The Tg-Ab was show non- significant correlation with IL-36 γ; (P<=0. 928, r = 0.323). Conclusions: IL-36 γ is diagnostic marker and show negative correlation with TPO-Ab in the patient serum of HT. Il-36 γ had significantly high in the HT patients. IL-36 γ may involve to the progression of pathogenesis and enhance the inflammatory responses. In HT, Tg-Ab was significantly reduced than TPO-Ab but both contribute to the production of thyroid hormones. Keywords: Interleukin, Thyroxin, Thyroid stimulating hormone, Peroxidase.
A Study on Escherichia Coli Isolated from Urogenital Tract Infections, Emphasizing their Occurrence and Antibiograms
Authors: Khan Nida Basharat , Shehzadi Mehwish , Hameed Hira , Nazeer Muhammad Feeroz , Amjad Usman , Rizwan Muhammad , Abid Bushra , . Sidra , Aslam Fidaa , Sabtain Talat
Published: April 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are among the most prevalent infections both in the general population and in health care facilities, are ranked second only to upper espiratory tract infections in terms of the prevalence of the disease. Methodology: Samples for the current investigation were gathered from severalprivate and public hospitals. Based on colony morphology, these samples were identified via Gramstaining and biochemical analysis. Following CLSI 2019 standards, these isolates were nexttested for antibiotic susceptibility using Kirby-disc Bauer's diffusion assay. Results: For the presence of Escherichia coli, 48(26.6%) of the 180 sample stested negative, while 132(73.3%) test edpositive. Escherichia coli isolates were found to be highly resistant to ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid, Gentamicin, Ofloxacin, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Meropenem, Imipenem, Tobramycin, Amikacin, andColistin, according to the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Imepenem, meropenem, amikacin,gentamicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefixime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and cefoperazone were all highly effective against the isolates. Clinical Implication: The clinical implication of the study is to isolate the E.coli from community-acquired UTI and also to enlighten the antimicrobial resistance pattern regarding E. coli. Conclusion: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results should be heeded when prescribing treatment for urinary tract infections to avoid the possibility of Escherichia coli'sgrowingresistancetoseveralantimicrobialmedications. Keywords: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), Antimicrobial Activities, Healthcare, Antibiotics
Evaluation of Applications of Intrauterine Progesterone Versus Oral Progesterone in the Treatment of Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Johar Muhammad Jamil , Akhtar Nasreen , Akram Sara , Sabir Farzana , Rehman Khunsa , Burki Farzana
Published: April 2023

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological problem that affects the women of all ages. It is defined as any irregular or excessive bleeding from the uterus that is not related to the woman’s normal menstrual cycle. It can be caused by a many of underlying factors such as hormonal imbalance, fibroids, polyps or endometriosis. Study design: It is a randomized controlled study conducted at Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur Azad Kashmir and Lady Willingdon Hospital Lahore for the duration of six months from June 2022 to November 2022. Material and Methods: The study was carried out for two groups. Intrauterine group included the patients that received intrauterine dose of progesterone and oral group patients had progesterone orally. The study was approved by the review board committee of the hospital. The use of pads for both groups was studied and it was found that oral group used the most pads 18.7 and 12.9 before and after the study respectively. Results: Duration of bleeding was examined. The patients in intrauterine group stated about bleeding for 7.8 days before the study and 5.9 days after the study. In case of oral group participants, they bled for 8.9 days before the study and 6.7 days after the study. Standard deviation and p value was calculated and results were statistically significant. Conclusion: The investigation of oral and intrauterine progesterone for patients suffering from dysfunctional uterine bleeding was studied and it was found that the rate of bleeding was more in case of oral group. Keywords: Intrauterine progesterone and oral progesterone.
Comparison of Intravenous Oxytocin with Vaginal Prostaglandin E2 for Labor Induction in Pre-Labor Rupture of Membranes at Term
Authors: Abbasi Madiha , Siddiqui Erum Samreen , Memon Nazia , Fatima Aurooj , Akhtar Nasreen
Published: April 2023

Background: Pre-labour rupture of membrane (PROM) at term is one of the most common demonstration for labour induction. PROM is the fissure of membrane before the arrival of orderly uterine shrinkage at term gestation. About 8% of the pregnant women have influence of this condition. PROM also occur when the amniotic sac ehich surround the fetus fissure before the onset of labour leading to the risk of maternal and fetal infection. Study design: It is a randomized and controlled study conducted at Obs and Gynae Department, Civil Hospital, LUMHS, Jamshoro and Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur Azad Kashmir for the duration of six months from February 2022 to July 2022. Material and Methods: The study comprised of two groups. Each group had 30 patients. The patients that were not fulfilling the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study. The average age of patients in group 1 that is oxytocin induced was 25.4±5.4 years. Patients with prostaglandin E2 induction were included in group2 with average age as 24.7±4.5 years. Group1 had 35.9±4.2 while the average value for group 2 was 36.7±5.3. Results: The induction active labor interval was 5.9±2.1 for Oxytocin induction group while for Prostaglandin E2 induction group the value was 6.3±2.2. Whereas the induction delivery was 14.3±1.9 for Oxytocin induction group and 15.1±2.1 for Prostaglandin E2 induction group. Conclusion: It is concluded that oxytocin is a better drug for labor pain induction as compared to the prostaglandin in case of Pre-labour rupture of membrane at term. To route oxytocin via an intravenous pathway leads to a shorter delivery time and reduced rate of different infections in the mother. Keywords: PROM at term, Intravenous oxytocin and vaginal prostaglandin.
Post-operative Pain after Lichtenstein Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Ilyas , Ahmed Iftikhar , Bibi Asma , Usman Fatima , Kandaan Adeel Ur Rehman , Bibi Amna , Mahmood Shahid
Published: April 2023

Background: Although advanced techniques have been adopted in inguinal hernia repair parallel to those in developing medical technologies, currently no consensus has been reached on the best method among all existing methods. Post-operative pain is the main reason for longer hospital stay, repeated visits in out-patient department (opd) and delay in return to daily routine work. Objective: To compare the mean post-operative pain of Lichtenstein procedure with and without mesh fixation for inguinal hernia repair Methodology: This randomized control trial was conducted for 6 months in Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. Patients were divided into two groups, Group-A included those managed without mesh fixation and Group-B who had mesh fixation. All the patients were assessed for postoperative pain at 24 hours by visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: In our study, comparison of mean post-operative pain score in both groups shows 3.23+0.77 in Group-A and 3.98+0.76 in Group-B, p value was 0.0001. Conclusion: We concluded that post-operative pain is less in patients managed by Lichtenstein repair without mesh fixation as compare to patients managed with mesh fixation Keywords: Inguinal hernia, Lichtenstein procedure, mesh fixation, post-operative pain.
Frequency of Neonatal Sepsis in Babies Born to Mothers with Prom More Than 18 Hours
Authors: Altaf Sania , Tahir Muba , Afroz Nighat , Subhani Abdul Rauf , Liaqat Ali Shan , Javed Madiha
Published: April 2023

PROM has a major impact on neonatal difficulties and sequelae in neonates who survive, in addition to perinatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how frequently babies born to moms who had PROM for longer than 18 hours experienced neonatal sepsis. The study was designed as a cross section. The study was carried out at the NICU, OPD, and Well Baby Nursery at the Shifa International Hospital in Islamabad. Assuming verbal consent, data was prospectively collected from patients. The study comprised 260 newborns in total who met the inclusion and exclusion standards. In our study, the mean gestational age, PROM duration, and weight were 38.723.24 weeks, 19.963.24 hours, and 2.861.12 kg, respectively. Of the 260 patients, 38 (14.6%) and 222 (85.4%) developed neonatal sepsis, respectively. Our findings imply that an identified risk factor for culture-proven newborn sepsis is premature membrane rupture > 18 hours. Such methods would be a safe and effective plan, especially in undeveloped countries. Keywords: Premature rupture of membrane, neonatal sepsis, morbidity and mortality.