bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS NERACA AIR DAS MUARI DI DISTRIK ORANSBARI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI SELATAN
Authors: Mansnembra Puji L. , Mirino Rosalina R. , Pamuji Khristian Enggar
Published: May 2021

Penelitian tentang Analisis Neraca Air DAS Muari bertujuan mengetahui ketersediaan air di DAS Muari, kebutuhan air domestik dan non domestik serta neraca DAS Muari. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berupa pengukuran pada penampang kering sungai untuk mengetahui kapasitas tampung sungai serta karakteristik DAS Muari, sedangkan data sekunder berupa data iklim (curah hujan bulanan, hari hujan, temperatur dan lama penyinaran selama 10 tahun terakhir dari tahun 2009-2018 yang diperoleh dari BMKG Manokwari Selatan), data kebutuhan domestik dan data kebutuhan non domestik. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian diolah menggunakan MS. Excel dan Arcgis. Hasil dari pengolahan data untuk ketersediaan air DAS mantap diperoleh nilai sebesar 5.400.697,68 m3/tahun, untuk kebutuhan air domestik dan non domestik sebesar 4.578.872,45 m3/tahun. Dari nilai ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air maka diperolehlah neraca air DAS Muari sebesar 821.825,23 m3/tahun, nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa DAS Muari mengalami surplus.
PENERAPAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF PADA RANGKAIAN EKUIVALEN UNTUK MEMPEROLEH PERSAMAAN TELEGRAF
Authors: Rumlus Maria D. L. , Widjajanti Tri , Hilum Rium
Published: May 2021

Telegraph is a machine for sending and receiving messages remotely. Telegraph according to Zauderer can be modeled or expressed in mathematical language, namely the telegraph equation. Kirchoff I's Law deals with currents and Kirchoff II's Law is the basis for analyzing all electrical circuits. The purpose of this research is to apply Kirchoff's Law to obtain the telegraphic equation. The stages in research include: determining the equivalent circuits, making assumptions, applying Kirchoff's Laws I and II to the equivalent circuits, and forming telegraphic equations. The results of this study are to obtain a telegraphic equation which is a partial differential equation with general forms
Chasing Down the Educational Debt by Centering Race in Educational Supervision
Authors: Lance Teresa A.
Published: May 2021

Educational professional development is ubiquitous; yet the gains on student learning are minimal as measured by local, state, and federal assessment measures. Although there is widespread agreement that assessment data alone does not tell the story of what students are learning and teachers are teaching, the data is still alarming. Why is there a gap between the billions of dollars spent on professional learning and student learning outcomes? In this article, the author seeks to shed light on this disconnect, offering a framework that links deficit perspectives of Black, Brown, and Indigenous students and opportunity gaps associated with inept monitoring of instructional practices contributing to the educational debt in America (Ladson-Billings, 2006).
lilianggriani0101@gmail.com
Authors: Anggriani Lili
Published: May 2021

Hukum administrasi negara
Egyptian Traditional Herbal Medicine Candidate Adiantum Capillus-Veneris Linn. as a Symptomatic Treatment for COVID-19: A Review of its Mechanisms, Pros and Cons.
Authors: Hendawy Lina
Published: May 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered strain of Corona viruses (SARS-CoV-2). The disease causes mild to severe symptoms, mainly respiratory. Some patients can develop pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death. Any patient can develop mild to severe illness, but old age and severe underlying medical conditions like chronic lung diseases, diabetes, obesity, etc. seem to be higher risk factors for developing more serious complications from COVID-19. There is no specific treatment for COVID-19. However, many of the symptoms can be treated according to the patient’s clinical condition. Adiantum capillus-veneris (Maidenhair fern) is a medicinal herb of the family Pteridaceae. The plant extract showed a potential efficacy as ancient physicians used it for curing different diseases. In modern medicine, the plant was proven to possess a pharmacological efficacy to treat many symptoms similar to that caused by COVID-19 and its underlying medical conditions. Herbal agents extracted from Adiantum capillus veneris is widely used for the treatment of COVID-19 in Egypt, but Unfortunately, specific preclinical and clinical trials to evaluate the effects of the herbal immunoregulators in COVID19 patients have not been conducted. However, certain natural compounds are proven here to be possibly effective for the treatment of COVID-19 symptoms based on general concepts from previous experiments. Meanwhile, people believe that consuming herbal immunomodulators can prevent or even cure COVID-19, this review is done to discuss the pros and cons of utilising the extract of Adiantum capillus veneris during COVID-19 pandemic, draw conclusions, and make recommendations of modern therapeutic application of an extract-based drug to treat symptoms of patients with COVID-19.
Differential expression of fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency1. We mined published microarray datasets2,3 to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2, FLRT2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. FLRT2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FLRT2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal and luminal A subtype breast cancer, but not in luminal B or HER2+ breast cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. FLRT2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
DETEKSI TABRAKAN DALAM DUNIA VIRTUAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPHERE-PLANE DETECTION
Authors: saleh akuwan
Published: May 2021

Salah satu cara untuk mendeteksi tabrakan dalam dunia virtual 3D adalah dengan menggunakan metode Sphere- Plane Detection (SPD). Metode SPD relatif mudah untuk melakukan proses perhitungan karena sphere/bola merupakan objek simetri. Seluruh permukaan pada sebuah bola adalah mempunyai jarak yang sama dari titik pusat, sehingga mudah untuk menentukan apakah sebuah objek memiliki perpotongan dengan bola. Jika jarak dari pusat bola ke sebuah obyek kurang dari atau sama dengan jari-jari bola, maka tabrakan telah terjadi. Dalam penelitian ini objek dinamis pada dunia virtual akan diberi sensor dalam bentuk sphere menggunakan node SphereCollisionSensor dengan radius tertentu, kemudian di simulasikan apakah terjadi tabrakan ketika sebuah objek mendapat halangan objek lain. Untuk menentukan jarak dilakukan perhitungan berdasarkan data pengukuran posisi koordinat kedua objek. Hasil yang diperoleh salah satunya adalah jarak bernilai negatip ketika bola melewati plane.
Strategy use moderates the relation between working memory capacity and fluid intelligence: A combined approach
Authors: Li Chenyu , Ren Xuezhu , Schweizer Karl , WANG TENGFEI
Published: May 2021

This study investigated whether the strength of the link between working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (Gf) differs as people use different strategies to solve Gf problems. A sample of 214 university students completed three complex span tasks measuring WMC and Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) assessing Gf. Strategic behavior was measured by both the strategy questionnaire and the eye-tracking technique. Latent profile analysis yielded three groups of participants using the constructive matching, response elimination, and isolate-and-eliminate strategies, respectively. Participants adopting the constructive matching strategy spent proportionally more time on the matrix area but less time on the response bank, exhibited longer latency to first toggle and higher rate of toggling than those using the eliminative strategies, consistent with the results obtained from the questionnaire data. Furthermore, strategy use moderated the relationship between WMC and APM performance. The link between WMC and APM scores was significantly higher for participants using the eliminative strategies including response elimination (r = .63) and isolate-and-eliminate (r = .54) than that for those using constructive matching (r = .27). Our findings suggest that the extent to which WMC relates to performance on APM varies as a function of strategy use.
The Associations of Active and Passive Social Media Use With Well-being: A Critical Scoping Review
Authors: Valkenburg Patti M. , van Driel Irene Ingeborg , Beyens Ine
Published: May 2021

A recurring claim in the literature is that active social media use (ASMU) leads to increases in well-being, whereas passive social media use (PSMU) leads to decreases in well-being. The aim of this review was to investigate the validity of this claim by comparing the operationalizations and results of studies into the association of ASMU and PSMU with well-being (e.g., happiness) and ill-being (e.g., depression). We found 40 survey-based studies, which utilized a hodgepodge of 36 operationalizations of ASMU and PSMU and which yielded 172 associations of ASMU and/or PSMU with well-/ill-being. Most studies did not support the hypothesized associations of ASMU and PSMU with well-/ill-being. Time spent on ASMU and PSMU may be too coarse to lead to meaningful associations with well-/ill-being. Therefore, future studies should take characteristics of the content of social media (e.g., the valence), its senders (e.g., pre-existing mood), and receivers (e.g., differential susceptibility) into account.
Why Hedges’ g*s based on the non-pooled standard deviation should be reported with Welch’s t-test
Authors: Delacre Marie , Lakens Daniel , Ley Christophe , Liu Limin , Leys Christophe
Published: May 2021

Researchers are generally required to report and interpret effect sizes and associated confidence intervals. When comparing two independent groups, the most commonly used estimator of effect size is Cohen’s ds where sample mean difference is divided by the pooled standard deviation. However, computing the pooled error term is not valid when both groups do not share common population variances. Furthermore, the assumption of equal population variances is unlikely in many psychological fields. Consequently, researchers shift to the use of Welch’s t-test over Student’s t-test in the context of hypothesis testing. Meanwhile, the question which effect size to report when equal variances are not assumed remains open. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we compare Hedges’ gs (i.e. Cohen’s ds with correction for bias) to Glass’s gs, Shieh’s gs and Hedges’ g_s^*. Comparisons are made under normality as well as under realistic deviations from the assumptions of normality and equal variances. Although it is not directly related with Welch’s t-test (unlike Shieh’s gs), we recommend the use of Hedges’ g_s^* because it shows better properties than all other estimators. Practical recommendations, R package and Shiny App in order to compute effect size estimators and confidence intervals are provided.
Longitudinal associations between peer motivational climate and athletes’ sport related well-being: Examining the mediating role of autonomous and controlled motivation using a within- and between-level approach
Authors: Isoard-Gautheur Sandrine , Ginoux Clément , Trouilloud David
Published: May 2021

Objective. The present study objective is to examine (a) the links between temporal evolution of peer motivational climate and sport related well-being (SRWB), and (b) the mediational role of motivation in these relationships, using within and between level analyses. Method. 73 athletes aged 18-25 years completed questionnaires on peer motivational climate (peerMC), motivation, burnout, and engagement, every week among one month. Linear Mixed Models were used to analyze the data. Results. Task peerMC significantly predicted autonomous motivation at the within- and between-person level, burnout at the within-person level, and engagement at the within-person level. Moreover, autonomous motivation was identified as a mediator of the relationship between task peerMC and burnout at the within-person level, and task peerMC and engagement at the within- and between-person level. Ego peerMC significantly predicted autonomous motivation at the within-person level, and autonomous motivation was also confirmed as a mediator of the relationship between ego peerMC and burnout, as well as between ego peerMC and engagement at the within-person level. Conclusion. The results confirm that a task-oriented peerMC is likely to lead to the most positive consequences for athletes in terms of motivation and SRWB, whereas the ego-driven climate leads to more negative consequences.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Pattunggalengan di Kabupaten Takalar melalui inovasi budidaya bawang merah
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Risal Darmawan
Published: May 2021

Shallots are one of the horticultural crops cultivated by the Pattunggalengan Farmer Groups in Banggae Village, Takalar Regency, whose production is decreasing. The decline in production is influenced by application inorganic systems and use of seeds that are not superior because they come from multiplied tillers and cultivation systems that are semi-manual. The purpose of this activity’s to provide counseling and assistance on onion cultivation innovation in Pattunggalengan Farmer Groups, from selecting seeds, making planting demonstration plots, fertilizing, planting, watering and harvesting. The method used was discussion group forum and making of planting demonstration plot using Super Philip and drip irrigation. The soil pH condition demonstration plot location was 6.5, which classified optimal but was given organic fertilizer to provide macro nutrients, shallot seeds by giving mankozeb fungicide with drip irrigation watering system on each sample bed. The yield obtained with 100 kg and the number of seeds were 250 kg/100 m2. The counseling and mentoring that was carried out made the Pattunggalengan farmer know good soil cultivation, superior seeds and production resulting from the innovation of shallot cultivation
Clonal Relationship within Two Oral Actinomyces Populations Collected from Plaque of Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Wischerath Lena , Wischerath Lena , C. Rodloff Arne , Jentsch Holger , Vielkind Paul , S. Stingu Catalina
Published: May 2021

Actinomyces naeslundii and A. oris are dental plaque formers involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The aim of the study was to investigate the clonal relationship within two oral Actinomyces populations collected from plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis. The 223 clinical strains of A. naeslundii and A. oris were isolated from biofilm samples collected supra and subgingivally from teeth with shallow (probing depth (PD) = 3-4 mm), deep (PD = 5-6 mm) and very deep (PD ≥7 mm) pockets from 20 chronic periodontitis patients. All strains were submitted to repetitive sequence-based PCR typing using DiversiLab (BioMerieux,Marcy l´Étoile, France). Seven patients harboured only unrelated (<95% similarity) multiple isolates, while 13 harboured both similar (>95% similarity) and unrelated isolates at different sites. Identical (>98% similarity) strains were found to be present in the subgingival shallow depths more often than in the other subgingival depths. The number of clones in individual patients varied from 2 to 17 different rep-PCR genotypes. The clonal relationship within the oral populations of A. naeslundii and A. oris in an individual was unpredictable, ranging from the presence of multiple genotypes with no clonal similarity to only two different clones supra or subgingivally at different sites.
Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis Prevention: Which Is Better–Autologous Fat versus Gelfoam
Authors: Rajpal Karan , Singh Jagdeep , Bahadur Raj , Bansal Kapil , Shyam Radhe , Khatri Kavin
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Prospective, randomized study of 100 patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc with an average of 12- to 18-month follow-up postoperatively.Purpose: To compare the role of Gelfoam and autologous fat in the prevention of postoperative epidural fibrosis (EF) after lumbar spine surgery.Overview of Literature: EF is a possible sequelae of lumbar disc surgery. Different treatments and surgical strategies have been attempted to prevent postoperative fibrosis without providing consistent long-term results.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 adult patients. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 patients each: group A, autologous fat group, and group B, Gelfoam group. The postoperative follow-up was conducted at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Both groups were evaluated clinically (Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire [ODI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS], Straight Leg Raising Test [SLRT]) and radiologically (using Ross grading by contrast magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) for development of radicular pain and hence EF.Results: Based on the analysis, improvement in mean values of ODI score, VAS score, and SLRT were found to be statistically significant postoperatively at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months when compared individually in both groups. However, improvement was greater in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group. Based on contrast-enhanced MRI, the number of patients who developed EF was smaller in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group.Conclusions: In the present study, on clinical and radiological assessment, we conclude that both groups prevent radicular pain and postoperative EF individually but relatively autologous fat was found to be more effective than Gelfoam in the prevention of EF and hence radicular pain.
Does Implant Density Impact Three-Dimensional Deformity Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Lenke 1 and 2 Curves Treated by Posterior Spinal Fusion without Ponte Osteotomies?
Authors: Lertudomphonwanit Thamrong , Berry Chirag A. , Jain Viral V. , Sturm Peter F
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: To determine whether implant density impact three-dimensional deformity correction in posterior spinal fusion (PSF) without Ponte osteotomies (POs) for patients with Lenke 1 and 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Overview of Literature: Currently, the optimal pedicle screw (PS) density for flexible moderate-sized thoracic AIS curve correction is still controversial. There are limited data regarding the impact of implant density on three-dimensional correction in PSF without the use of PO for thoracic AIS surgery.Methods: A database of patients with AIS with Lenke 1 and 2 curves treated with PSF without PO and instrumented with PSs and ≥2-year follow-up was reviewed. The preoperative, immediate, and final follow-up postoperative radiographs were analyzed. The correlation between PS density and the following factors were determined: major curve correction (MCC), correction index (CI; MCC/curve flexibility), kyphosis angle change, and rib index (RI) correction. Then, patients were divided into low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) groups according to mean PS density for the entire cohort (1.5 PS per level). Demographics and radiographic and clinical outcomes were compared between groups.Results: The study included 99 patients with Lenke 1 and 23 patients with Lenke 2 AIS. The average MCC was 67.2%. There was no correlation between screw density and these parameters: MCC (r=0.10, p=0.26), CI (r=0.16, p=0.07), change in T2–T12 kyphosis angle (r=−0.13, p=0.14), and RI correction (r=−0.09, p=0.37). Demographic and preoperative radiographic parameters were similar between the LD and HD groups. At the latest follow-up, there were no differences between the two groups in regard to MCC, CI, change in T2–T12 kyphosis angle, RI correction, and Scoliosis Research Society-30 scores (all p>0.05).Conclusions: This study revealed no significant correlation between screw density and curve correction in any planes. HD construct may not provide better deformity correction in patients with flexible and moderate thoracic AIS undergoing PSF without PO.
Evaluating the Reproducibility of the Walking Test for Intermittent Claudication Associated with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Tanishima Shinji , Weishi Li , Jianzhong Hu , Jie Zhao , Huilin Yang , Nagashima Hideki
Published: May 2021

Study Design: This is a multicenter, prospective study.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of the walking test for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).Overview of Literature: Walking test is one of the useful procedures to investigate cauda equina syndrome with lumbar spinal stenosis. One the other hands, there were few studies to investigate the reproducibility of this test.Methods: In this study, we prospectively examined 70 LSS patients with intermittent claudication symptoms at a multicenter outpatient clinic. A walking test was administered at baseline and week 4 to assess patients’ walking distance and lower limb pain and numbness. Immediately after the walking test, patients were asked to use the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to rate their pain and numbness in the front, back, outside, inside, and hip of the lower legs. The reproducibility of the walking test was evaluated using Cohen’s κ analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Meanwhile, the Swiss Spinal Stenosis (SSS) Questionnaire was used to evaluate the severity of the stenosis.Results: The walking distance ICC at baseline and at week 4 remained unchanged at 0.7, with acceptable interobserver reliabilities for lower limb pain and numbness in both legs. The average VAS score for lower leg pain was 23.2±25.2 mm at baseline and 27.4±28.8 mm at week 4, while the corresponding average VAS score for numbness was 23.4±26.7 mm at baseline and 24.8±25.2 mm at week 4. The ICC score was 0.7 for leg pain and 0.7 for numbness. The mean SSS was 30.2±5.5 at baseline and 29.2±5.2 at week 4, and there was no significant difference in the severity.Conclusions: The walking test for LSS has acceptable reproducibility.
STAFF SAFETY IN THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors: Logvinova I. , Prohacheva О.
Published: May 2021

This article reveals the essence of the concept of personnel security, examines methods and strategies for ensuring personnel security. Issues related to the formation of the staff of the Intermunicipal Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are analyzed.
SHORTENED MAPPINGS OF SPACES WITH AFFINE CONNECTIVITY
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kiosak V , Kamienieva A ,   National University "Odessa Maritime Academy"
Published: May 2021

The long history of theory of mappings was revived thanks to the tensor methods of inquiry. The notion of affine connectivity was introduced a hundred years ago. It enabled us to look at classic geometric problems from a different angle. Following the common tradition, this paper introduces a notion of a mapping for a space of affine connectivity. Modifying the method of A. P. Norden, we found the formulae for the main tensors: deformation tensor, Riemann tensor, Ricci tensor and their first and second covariant derivatives for spaces and , which are connected by a given mapping. These formulae contain both objects of and with covariant derivatives in respect to relevant connectivities. In order to simplify the expression, we introduced the notion of shortened mapping and its particular case: a half-mapping. The connectivity that appears in the case of a half-mapping is called a medium connectivity. The above mentioned formulae can be notably simplified in the case of transition to covariant derivatives in the medium connectivity. This fact permits us to obtain characteristics (the necessary conditions) for the estimates whether an object of inner character from the space of affine connectivity is preserved under a given type of mappings. Objects of the inner character are geometric objects implied by an affine connectivity. They include Riemann tensor, Ricci tensor, Weyl tensor. Every type of mapping received its own set of differential equations in covariant derivatives, which define a deformation tensor of connectivity with a necessity. The study of these equations can proceed by a research on integrability conditions. Integrability conditions are algebraic over-defined systems. That’s why there is a constant need in introduction of additionally specialized spaces or certain objects of these spaces. Applying the method of N. S. Sinyukov and J. Mikes, in the case of certain algebraic conditions, we obtained a form of a deformation tensor for a given mapping. Let us note that the medium connectivity was selected in order to simplify the calculations. Depending on the type of a model under consideration or on the physical limitations, we can construct any other connectivity (and mappings), which would be better suited for the given conditions. This approach is particularly fruitful when applied for invariant transformations connecting pairs of spaces of affine connectivity via their deformation tensor of connectivity.
CONSTRUCTION OF DYNAMIC INSTABILITY ZONES FOR HIGH STUCTURES UNDER SEISMIC IMPACT
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Fomin V , Fomina І ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2021

Seismic impacts create the possibility of parametric resonances, i.e. the possibility of the appearance of intense transverse vibrations of structure elements (in particular, of high-rise structures) from the action of periodic longitudinal forces. As a design model of a high-rise structure, a model is used which adopted in the calculation of high-rise structures for seismic effects, - a weightless vertical rod (column) rigidly restrained at the base with a system of concentrated masses (loads) located on it (Fig. 1). By solving the differential equation of the curved axis influence function for a rod is constructed by means of which influence coefficients are determined for the rod points, in which the concentrated masses are situated. These coefficients are elements of the compliance matrix . Next, the elements of the stiffness matrix are determined by inverting the matrix . Using a diagonal matrix of the load masses and matrix a system of differential equations of free vibrations of a mechanical system, consisting of concentrated masses, is constructed, and the frequencies and forms of these vibrations are determined. From the vertical component of the seismic impact, its most significant part is picked out in the form of harmonic vibrations with the predominant frequency of the impact. Column vibrations are considered in a moving coordinate system, the origin of which is at the base of the column. The forces acting on the points of the mechanical system (concentrated masses) are added by the forces of inertia of their masses associated with the translational motion of the coordinate system. The forces of the load weights and forces of inertia create longitudinal forces in the column, periodically depending on time. Further, the integro-differential equation of the dynamic stability of the rod, proposed by V. V. Bolotin in [8], is written. The solution to this equation is sought in the form of a linear combination of free vibration forms with time-dependent factors. Substitution of this solution into the integro-differential equation of dynamic stability allows it to be reduced to a system of differential equations with respect to the mentioned above factors with coefficients that periodically depend on time. For some values of the vertical component parameters of the seismic action, namely the frequency and amplitude, the solutions of these equations are infinitely increasing functions, i.e. at these values of the indicated parameters, a parametric resonance arises. These values form regions in the parameter plane called regions of dynamic instability. Next, these regions are being constructed. A concrete example is considered.
DEFORMATIONS OF SURFACES FROM STATIONARY RICCI TENSOR
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Podousova T , Vashpanova N ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we consider infinitesimal (n. m.) first-order deformations of single-connected regular surfaces in three-dimensional Euclidean space. The search for the vector field of this deformation is generally reduced to the study and solution of a system of four equations (among them there are differential equations) with respect to seven unknown functions. To avoid uncertainty, the following restriction is imposed on a given surface: the Ricci tensor is stored (mainly) on the surface. A mathematical model of the problem is created: a system of seven equations with respect to seven unknown functions. Its mechanical content is established. It is shown that each solution of the obtained system of equations will determine the field of displacement n. m. deformation of the first order of the surface of nonzero Gaussian curvature, which will be an unambiguous function (up to a constant vector). It is proved that each regular surface of nonzero Gaussian and mean curvatures allows first-order n. m. deformation with a stationary Ricci tensor. The tensor fields are found explicitly and depend on two functions, which are the solution of a linear inhomogeneous second-order differential equation with partial derivatives. The class of rigid surfaces in relation to the specified n. m. deformations. Assuming that one of the functions is predetermined, the obtained differential equation in the General case will be a inhomogeneous differential Weingarten equation, and an equation of elliptical type. The geometric and mechanical meaning of the function that is the solution of this equation is found. The following result was obtained: any surface of positive Gaussian and nonzero mean curvatures admits n. m of first-order deformation with a stationary Ricci tensor in the region of a rather small degree. Tensor fields will be represented by a predefined function and some arbitrary regular functions. Considering the Dirichlet problem, it is proved that the simply connected regular surface of a positive Gaussian and nonzero mean curvatures under a certain boundary condition admits a single first-order deformation with a stationary Ricci tensor. The strain tensors are uniquely defined.
ON INERTIAL MOTION OF AN ABSOLUTELY RIGID BODY ON A THREE-DEGREE SUSPENSION WITH LINKS OF FINITE LENGTH
Authors:   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akulenko L , Bolotnik N ,   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leshchenko D ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Palii E ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2021

Papers on the dynamics of an absolutely rigid body with a fixed point generally assume that the mechanical system has three degrees of freedom. This is the situation when the body is attached to a fixed base by a ball-and-socket joint. On engineering systems one often encounters rigid bodies attached to a base by a two-degrees-of-freedom joint, consisting of a fixed axis and a movable one, which are mutually perpendicular. Such systems have two degrees of freedom, but the set of kinematically possible motions is quite rich. Dynamic analysis of the motion of a rigid body with a two-degree hinge in a force field is an integral part of the description of the action of mechanical actions of robotic systems. In recent decades, an increasingly closed role in the dynamics of rigid body systems has been played by manipulation robots consisting of a sequential chain of rigid links and controlled by means of torque drives in articulated joints. The same class of objects can be attributed to many biological systems that imitate, for example, the movements of a person or animal (walking, running, jumping). Two-link systems have a variety of practical applications and an almost equally wide range of areas of theoretical research. We note, in particular, the analysis of free and forced plane-parallel motion of a bundle of two rigid bodies connected by an ideal cylindrical hinge and simulating a composite satellite in outer space, a two-link manipulator, and an element of a crushing machine. The dynamic behavior of a rigid body in the gimbal suspension is a system, which can be interpreted as two-degree manipulator and used an element of more complex robotic structures. The linear mathematical model of two-link manipulator free oscillations with viscous friction in both its joints is a system, which reduces to the calculation scheme of double pendulum and allows the construction of exact analytical solution in the partial case. According to the research methodology, the proposed paper is close to works, where the motion by inertia of a plane two–rigid body hinged system was studied and devoted to the study of the motion of an absolutely rigid body on a power-to-power joint.
ROUND SLABS ON A RESILIENT BASE WITH VARIABLE BEDDING RATIO
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Karnauhova G , Kirichenko D ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: May 2021

The paper considers the application of the analytical method - the method of direct integration - to the calculation of building structures in the form of round and annular plates and slabs lying on a continuous variable elastic basis. The application of the proposed approach allowed to obtain solutions of a wide class of problems, the mathematical summary of which are differential equations with variable coefficients or systems of such equations, and at the same time to evaluate the possibilities and accuracy of calculation of finite elements. The base reaction is described by the Winkler model with a variable bed ratio. With respect to the bending of round and annular plates, formulas for the function of deflections and its derivatives, transverse force and bending moments are obtained. The method is applicable under any given boundary conditions on the contours. The calculation is reduced to determining from the given boundary conditions of the unknown constants of integration and numerical realization of the obtained solutions. The found formulas of the general form are transformed for practically important case when the factor of a bed and loading have the form of polynomials. It is shown that in this case dimensionless fundamental functions are represented by static series. To calculate the coefficients of static series, the corresponding recurrent relations are derived. The calculations show that the discrepancy in the results of the calculation of the deflections of the FEA and the author’s method (AM) is insignificant (not more than 1%), and the results of the calculation of radial and circumferential moments differ significantly, and this difference sometimes reaches 12-14%. However, when the grid is condensed in the circumferential direction, the picture changes, there is a convergence of the results obtained by two methods. This indicates the inaccuracy of the finite element analysis performed on the basis of automatic partitioning of the finite element grid. And this, in turn, leads to "blind" reinforcement of reinforced concrete slabs, in which it is possible, both re-reinforcement of the structure and its insufficient reinforcement.
EFEKTIVITAS PERDA KOTA SOLOK MENGENAI PENDIRIAN BANGUNAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM TATA NEGARA (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Pasar Pandan Air Mati Kecamatan Tanjung Harapan)
Authors: Saputra Rahmat Dani , Prayitno Sudi
Published: May 2021

The main problem in this study is the effectiiveness of Solok City regional regulations regarding building construction. The purpose of this discussion is to find out the riles set by the Solok City government regarding building construction and building permit regulations in Solok City in realizing a beautiful, orderly, simple integrated Solok City arrangementKeyword: efektivitas,Perda, hukum tata negara
Scale, Landscape and Indigenous Bedouin Land Use: Spatial Order and Agricultural sedentarisation in the Negev Highland
Authors: Meraiot Ariel , Meir Avinoam , Rosen Steve
Published: May 2021

By taking a small-scale perspective, Bedouin pastoral space in the Israeli Negev in the modern period has been misinterpreted as chaotic by various Israeli institutions. In critiquing this ontology we suggest that a knowledge gap with regard to an appropriate scale of understanding Bedouin settlement patterns and mechanisms of sedentarisation is at its root, and that a larger-scale analysis indicates that their space is in fact highly ordered. Field surveys and interviews with the local Bedouin showed that household cultivation plots in the Negev Highland during the period of the British Mandate were organised at a large scale through natural and man-made landscape features reflecting their structure, development and deployment in a highly ordered space. This analysis carries significant implications for understanding pastoral spaces at the local scale, particularly offering better comprehension of various sedentary forms and suggesting new approaches to sustainable planning and development for the Bedouin.
Pastoralists and the State … and 'Islamic State' on Eastern Niger's Frontier: between Evasion and Engagement
Authors: Köhler Florian
Published: May 2021

In the current situation of militant Islamist groups encroaching on peripheral areas of different Sahelian states, mobile pastoralists are often accused of sympathising or collaborating with jihadists. Examining this phenomenon with a focus on eastern Niger and in the context of the Boko Haram crisis in the Lake Chad basin, this article relates it to the debates about incorporation and evasion of pastoralists with regard to state and society, and frontiers and borderlands as spaces not only of difficult governance but also of economic and political opportunities.
Economic Diversification among Mongolian Reindeer Herders: Continuity and Change in the Tannu Uriankhai Girdle
Authors: Rasiulis Nicolas
Published: May 2021

Drawing on seven months of anthropological fieldwork conducted in northernmost Mongolia among nomadic Dukha reindeer herders (widely known as Tsaatan), this article examines Dukha economic diversification in light of the history of the Upper Yenisei-Darkhad Depression region in northern Inner Asia. Before its dislocation into discrete territories of different socialist countries in the early twentieth century, this place, which I call the Tannu Uriankhai Girdle, comprised an integrated economic mosaic that featured both taiga- and steppe-based pastoralism, as well as hunting, fishing, gathering, agriculture, inter- and intra-regional trade and remunerated labour. Reindeer pastoralism complemented and was complemented by the other facets of this economic mosaic. Now the Dukha economy itself comprises nearly all facets of this mosaic. This economic configuration affords and is afforded by greater degrees of autonomy and autarky, which reinforce and are reinforced by the ongoing partnership between Dukha, reindeer and their shared taiga homeland.
Effectiveness of Warm Water Compress With Lemon Aromatherapy and Lavender Aromatherapy Against Primary Dysmenorrhea Pain Levels
Authors: Widarti Djumi , Itha Ribkha , Lusiana Arum
Published: May 2021

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs since menarche without the presence of pathology in the pelvis that causes disruption of daily activities and decreases the quality of life. Improved blood circulation and aromatic odors can reduce pain. in this study to find out the effectiveness of warm water compresses and lemon aromatherapy with lavender aromatherapy against the level of primary dysmenorrhea pain in young women.Methods: Pre-Experiment with One Group Pre - Post-test design approach. The sampling technique of this study is accidental Sampling. The subjects of this study were 37 young women who suffered from dysmenorrhea and met the criteria. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test and the Whitney Mann test.Result: research shows Sig Value. (2-tailed) = 0.001. Then the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.05 (0.00 0.05) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which can mean that warm water compress and lemon aromatherapy with warm water compress and lavender aromatherapy are effective against decreased dysmenorrhea pain.Conclusion: From the results of the study can be concluded warm water compress and aromatherapy lemon is more effective to reduce dysmenorrhea pain in young women
Ökologische Männlichkeiten: Auf dem Weg zu einer neuen Normalität?
Authors: Hultman Martin
Published: May 2021

Seit langem fordern Feminist_innen unterschiedlicher Ausrichtung eine Veränderung männlicher Normen und Verhaltensweisen – nicht zuletzt im Zusammenhang mit ökologischen Fragen. Gleichzeitig breiten sich toxische Männlichkeiten weltweit ungebremst aus. Die Exponiertheit toxischer Männlichkeiten führt allerdings auch zu einem wachsenden Problembewusstsein und sozialen Bewegungen, die Veränderung einfordern. In diesem Artikel werden beide Tendenzen beschrieben – die Ausbreitung toxischer Männlichkeiten und die erstarkenden Gegenbewegungen – mit einem Fokus auf Theorien und Praxen ökologischer Männlichkeiten, die eine neue Normalität darstellen könnten in einer Welt in der sich die Menschheit mit ökozidalen Herausforderungen konfrontiert sieht.
Deaths with Dementia in Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Waller Michael , Buckley Rachel F. , Masters Colin L. , Nona Francis R. , Eades Sandra J. , Dobson Annette J.
Published: May 2021

Background: The prevalence of dementia is generally reported to be higher among Indigenous peoples. Objective: The rates and coding of dementia mortality were compared between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Methods: De-identified individual records on causes of death for all people aged 40 years or more who died in Australia between 2006 and 2014 (n = 1,233,084) were used. There were 185,237 records with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes for dementia (Alzheimer’s Disease, vascular dementia, or unspecified dementia) as the underlying cause of death or mentioned elsewhere on the death certificate. Death rates were compared using Poisson regression. Logistic regression was used to assess whether dementia was more likely to be classified as ‘unspecified’ type in Indigenous Australians. Results: The rates of death with dementia were 57% higher in Indigenous Australians, compared to non-Indigenous, relative rate (RR) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.48, 1.66), p < 0.0001. This excess of deaths was highest at ages below 75 (RRs > 2, test for interaction p < 0.0001), and among men (test for interaction p < 0.0001). When the underreporting of Indigenous status on the death certificate was taken into account the relative rate increased to 2.17, 95% CI (2.07, 2.29). Indigenous Australians were also more likely to have their dementia coded as ‘unspecified’ on their death certificate (Odds Ratio 1.92, 95% CI (1.66, 2.21), p < 0.0001), compared to the non-Indigenous group. Conclusion: This epidemiological analysis based on population level mortality data demonstrates the higher dementia-related mortality rate for Indigenous Australians especially at younger ages.
The Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Down Syndrome Scale (BPSD-DS II): Optimization and Further Validation1
Authors: Dekker Alain D. , Ulgiati Aurora M. , Groen Henk , Boxelaar Vincent A. , Sacco Silvia , Falquero Ségolène , Carfi Angelo , di Paola Antonella , Benejam Bessy , Valldeneu Silvia , Fopma Roelie , Oosterik Marjo , Hermelink Marloes , Beugelsdijk Gonny , Schippers Mieke , Henstra Hepie , Scholten-Kuiper Martine , Willink-Vos Judith , de Ruiter Lisa , Willems Liesbeth , Loonstra-de Jong Anneke , Coppus Antonia M.W. , Tollenaere Marleen , Fortea Juan , Onder Graziano , Rebillat Anne-Sophie , Van Dam Debby , De Deyn Peter P.
Published: May 2021

Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk to develop Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD). Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common and may also serve as early signals for dementia. However, comprehensive evaluation scales for BPSD, adapted to DS, are lacking. Therefore, we previously developed the BPSD-DS scale to identify behavioral changes between the last six months and pre-existing life-long characteristic behavior. Objective: To optimize and further study the scale (discriminative ability and reliability) in a large representative DS study population. Methods: Optimization was based on item irrelevance and clinical experiences obtained in the initial study. Using the shortened and refined BPSD-DS II, informant interviews were conducted to evaluate 524 individuals with DS grouped according to dementia status: no dementia (DS, N = 292), questionable dementia (DS + Q, N = 119), and clinically diagnosed dementia (DS + AD, N = 113). Results: Comparing item change scores between groups revealed prominent changes in frequency and severity for anxious, sleep-related, irritable, restless/stereotypic, apathetic, depressive, and eating/drinking behavior. For most items, the proportion of individuals displaying an increased frequency was highest in DS + AD, intermediate in DS + Q, and lowest in DS. For various items within sections about anxious, sleep-related, irritable, apathetic, and depressive behaviors, the proportion of individuals showing an increased frequency was already substantial in DS + Q, suggesting that these changes may serve as early signals of AD in DS. Reliability data were promising. Conclusion: The optimized scale yields largely similar results as obtained with the initial version. Systematically evaluating BPSD in DS may increase understanding of changes among caregivers and (timely) adaptation of care/treatment.
Urban Air Pollution Nanoparticles from Los Angeles: Recently Decreased Neurotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Hongqiao , D’Agostino Carla , Forman Henry Jay , Cacciottolo Mafalda , Thorwald Max , Mack William J. , Liu Qinghai , Shkirkova Kristina , Lamorie-Foote Krista , Sioutas Constantinos , Pirhadi Milad , Mack Wendy Jean , Morgan Todd E. , Finch Caleb E.
Published: May 2021

Background: Air pollution is widely associated with accelerated cognitive decline at later ages and risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Correspondingly, rodent models demonstrate the neurotoxicity of ambient air pollution and its components. Our studies with nano-sized particulate matter (nPM) from urban Los Angeles collected since 2009 have shown pro-amyloidogenic and pro-inflammatory responses. However, recent batches of nPM have diminished induction of the glutamate receptor GluA1 subunit, Iba1, TNFα, Aβ42 peptide, and white matter damage. The same methods, materials, and mouse genotypes were used throughout. Objective: Expand the nPM batch comparisons and evaluate archived brain samples to identify the earliest change in nPM potency. Methods: Batches of nPM were analyzed by in vitro cell assays for NF-κB and Nrf2 induction for comparison with in vivo responses of mouse brain regions from mice exposed to these batches, analyzed by PCR and western blot. Results: Five older nPM batches (2009–2017) and four recent nPM batches (2018, 2019) for NF-κB and Nrf2 induction showed declines in nPM potency after 2017 that paralleled declines of in vivo activity from independent exposures in different years. Conclusion: Transcription-based in vitro assays of nPM corresponded to the loss of in vivo potency for inflammatory and oxidative responses. These recent decreases of nPM neurotoxicity give a rationale for evaluating possible benefits to the risk of dementia and stroke in Los Angeles populations.