bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diverse approaches to sentiment analysis reliably reflect and explain symptom changes in psychotherapy
Authors: Vartiainen Henna , Hull Thomas Derrick , Nook Erik C
Published: February 2025

Psychopathology is often characterized by intense negative emotions. Understanding how these emotions are expressed through language can provide valuable insights on emotional processing and reveal linguistic patterns associated with mental health conditions. Sentiment, or the emotional tone of language, has been linked to affective states and wellbeing, suggesting it could serve as a marker of psychopathology and therapeutic progress. However, the versatility of different approaches to measuring sentiment makes it unclear which methods are best, and they have not yet been deployed in a longitudinal therapeutic setting. This study examined whether changes in client sentiment, therapist sentiment, or their divergence tracked clients' internalizing symptoms using a large dataset of text-based psychotherapeutic exchanges. We compared 11 commonly used sentiment analysis measures across exploratory (N=3,729) and validation (N=2,500) datasets. Both client and therapist sentiment became more positive over time, mediating the link between time in therapy and decreased internalizing symptoms. Client and therapist sentiment diverged over time, with therapists becoming more positive than clients, and on months when therapists were more positive than clients, clients reported fewer internalizing symptoms. Diverse sentiment measures mostly behaved similarly, although approaches that estimate word-level sentiment and treat positivity and negativity as separate constructs tended to yield more consistent and nuanced results. These findings suggest that language sentiment can be a marker of internalizing symptoms and therapeutic progress, highlighting the potential of sentiment analysis as a tool for monitoring treatment outcomes.
Inconclusive evidence for a prospective effect of sense of coherence on subjective burden and mental health: A simulated reanalysis and comment on Gonçalves-Pereira et al. (2025)
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Bo
Published: February 2025

Based on findings from analyses with cross-lagged panel models, Gonçalves-Pereira et al. (2025) suggested causal effects of sense of coherence (SOC) on subjective burden, anxiety, and depression among family caregivers. Here, we simulated data to resemble the data used by Gonçalves-Pereira et al. We used triangulation and fitted complementary models to the simulated data and found contradicting increasing, decreasing, and null effects of initial sense of coherence on subsequent change in subjective burden and mental health. These divergent findings indicated that it is premature to assume causal effects of sense of coherence on subjective burden and mental health and the suggestions by Gonçalves-Pereira et al. in this regard can be challenged. It is important for researchers to be aware that correlations, including adjusted cross-lagged effects, do not prove causality in order not to overinterpret findings, something that appears to have happened to Gonçalves-Pereira et al. We recommend researchers to triangulate by fitting complementary models to their data in order to evaluate if analyzed data could be used to support contradicting conclusions, in which case the data should not be used to support any of those conclusions.
Can language disorders inform of how language evolved? The human self-domestication answer
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio
Published: February 2025

The view that language disorders are informative of previous stages in the evolution of language is controversial. In this paper, it will be argued that disorders can provide confident insights on how language evolved but only if discussed from an Eco-Evo-Devo perspective and within a general theory of language evolution. This claim will be illustrated by the consideration of the self-domestication account of human evolution and the evolutionary hypothesis for language that builds on it, and two prevalent cognitive disorders entailing language problems, namely, autism and schizophrenia. This approach linking ontogenetic damage to evolutionary novelty, and construing language evolution as the outcome of complex feedback loop effects between gradual changes in our body, cognition, behavior, and the environment is expected to also clarify the etiology and the symptomatology of human-specific disorders impacting on language.
Physical restraint in psychiatric settings: A novel characterization of the patient's experience via a linguistic, sentiment, and metaphor analysis
Authors: Nichini Cristiano , Barattieri di San Pietro Chiara , Scalingi Biagio , Alecci Eleonora , Toschi Luca , Cavallotti Simone , Cicognini Anna Chiara , Durbano Federico , Ferraris Silvia , Santinon Patrizia , Pompei Chiara , Frau Federico , Mangiaterra Veronica , Bischetti Luca , Bosia Marta , Peschi Gianluca , Politi Pierluigi , Bambini Valentina
Published: February 2025

Physical Restraint (PR) is a coercive procedure used in emergency psychiatric care to ensure safety in life-threatening situations. Because of its traumatic nature, studies emphasize the importance of considering the patient's subjective experience, till now mostly limited to qualitative approaches. We pursued this aim by innovatively applying a multilayered semiautomated language analysis to a corpus of narratives about PR collected from 99 individuals across seven mental health services in Italy. Compared to a reference corpus, PR narratives were characterized by reduced fluency and lexical density, yet a greater use of emotional and cognitive terms, verbs, and first-person singular pronouns. Sadness was the most represented emotion, followed by anger and fear. One-third of the PR narratives contained at least one metaphor, with Animals and War/Prison as the most distinctive source domains. The quality and length of the PR experience impacted both the structure and sentiment of the narratives.Findings confirm the distressful nature of PR but also point to the use of various linguistic mechanisms which might serve as an early adaptive response toward healing from the traumatic experience. Overall, the study highlights the importance of Natural Language Processing as an unobtrusive window into subjective experience, offering insights for therapeutic choices.
When the Shot Backfires: Demonstrating How Science Communication Can Fail and Generate Beliefs Opposing Evidence
Authors: Seetahul Yashvin , Greitemeyer Tobias
Published: February 2025

We examined how scientific research influences the beliefs of those most invested in the research. We focused specifically on violent video game (VVG) and aggression research and tested the hypothesis that non-players would update their beliefs based on the study conclusions, whereas players would not. Participants read abstracts with either a positive effect or a null effect. Beliefs about the effect of VVGs on aggression were measured before and after reading. Results in both studies (overall N = 1576) showed that at low VVG exposure, participants in both conditions updated their beliefs to align with the research. However, at high VVG exposure, participants maintained their belief that VVGs do not increase aggression, and at very high exposure levels, positive-effect studies led participants to believe the opposite: that VVGs reduce aggression. These findings highlight the need to understand how scientific information is received and to develop strategies that prevent reinforcing misconceptions.
Accounting for Measurement Invariance Violations in Careless Responding Detection in Intensive Longitudinal Data: Exploratory vs. Partially Constrained Latent Markov Factor Analysis
Authors: Vogelsmeier Leonie V. D. E. , Jongerling Joran , Ulitzsch Esther
Published: February 2025

Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) collection methods like experience sampling methodology can place significant burdens on participants, potentially resulting in careless responding, such as random responding. Such behavior can undermine the validity of any inferences drawn from the data if not properly identified and addressed. Recently, a confirmatory mixture model (here referred to as fully constrained latent Markov factor analysis, LMFA) has been introduced as a promising solution to detect careless responding in ILD. However, this method relies on the key assumption of measurement invariance of the attentive responses, which is easily violated due to shifts in how participants interpret items. If the assumption is violated, the ability of the fully constrained LMFA to accurately identify careless responding is compromised. In this study, we evaluated two more flexible variants of LMFA—fully exploratory LMFA and partially constrained LMFA—to distinguish between careless and attentive responding, in the presence of non-invariant attentive responses. Simulation results indicated that the fully exploratory LMFA model is an effective tool for reliably detecting and interpreting different types of careless responding while accounting for violations of measurement invariance. Conversely, the partially constrained model struggled to accurately detect careless responses. We end by discussing potential reasons for this.
To cringe or not to cringe: the role of individual variability in the perception of Covid-19 humor
Authors: Bischetti Luca
Published: February 2025

When language is used for comic purposes, it often results in shared laughter at material which, presented in another form, could be considered unfortunate or even tragic. Additionally, various forms of humor can elicit negative emotions, such as discomfort and embarrassment. This is the case for cringe humor, which blends amusement with aversive reactions. Similarly, humor related to Covid-19 carries a bittersweet tone that, in part, mirrors the emotional complexity of cringe humor. While both forms have garnered widespread popularity, the emotional impact of their combination – and whether Covid-19 humor is as challenging to watch as traditional cringe humor – remains underexplored. In this chapter, we reanalyze data from two large-scale studies on the reactions elicited by Covid-19 humor conducted in Italy and the US during 2020. Using the k-means bottom-up clustering technique, we examined how ratings of funniness and aversiveness align instances of pandemic-related humor with cringe humor. We also explored the role of individual and cultural factors. Our semi-automatic classification revealed the existence of a cringe humor space, consistent with theoretical models of cringe humor. Relative to other heterogeneous sets of humorous instances, cringe humor is characterized by relatively low perceived funniness and high perceived aversiveness, corresponding to a predominantly negative emotional response characteristic of this type of humor. The items that shared these features were analyzed through pragmatic categories developed in the General Theory of Verbal Humor, detailing the targets of humorous critiques that made their recipients humorously cringe. Additionally, our findings highlighted a complex relationship between age and the experience of cringe humor: while both young and old adults had similar responses to different situations, they tended to distance themselves from specific position(s) represented and/or mocked in the cringe humor items.
Clarifying the reliability paradox: poor test-retest reliability attenuates group differences
Authors: Karvelis Povilas , Diaconescu Andreea Oliviana
Published: February 2025

Cognitive sciences are grappling with the reliability paradox: measures that robustly produce within-group effects tend to have low test-retest reliability, rendering them unsuitable for studying individual differences. Despite the growing awareness of this paradox, its full extent remains underappreciated. Specifically, most research focuses exclusively on how reliability affects correlational analyses of individual differences, while largely ignoring its effects on studying group differences. Moreover, by conflating within- and between-group effects, some studies erroneously suggest that poor reliability does not pose problems for studying group differences. This brief report aims to clarify this misunderstanding through simple data simulations. To make the argument more intuitive, we consider two illustrative cases: comparing patients versus controls and comparing two groups formed by a median split. We demonstrate that reliability attenuates observed group differences just as much as it attenuates individual differences. Given that dichotomizing/grouping continuous data - which is implicit in many group differences analyses - leads to a loss of statistical power, low reliability proves to be even more problematic for studying group differences. While here we focused on cognitive sciences and psychiatry, our findings are quite general and could inform many other areas of research, including education, sex, gender, age, race, ethnicity, etc.
Clarifying the reliability paradox: poor test-retest reliability attenuates group differences
Authors: Karvelis Povilas , Diaconescu Andreea Oliviana
Published: February 2025

Cognitive sciences are grappling with the reliability paradox: measures that robustly produce within-group effects tend to have low test-retest reliability, rendering them unsuitable for studying individual differences. Despite the growing awareness of this paradox, its full extent remains underappreciated. Specifically, most research focuses exclusively on how reliability affects correlational analyses of individual differences, while largely ignoring its effects on studying group differences. Moreover, some studies explicitly and erroneously suggest that poor reliability does not pose problems for studying group differences, possibly due to conflating within- and between-group effects. This brief report aims to clarify this misunderstanding through simple data simulations. To make the argument more intuitive, we consider two illustrative cases: comparing patients versus controls and comparing two groups formed by a median split. We demonstrate that reliability attenuates observed group differences just as much as it attenuates individual differences. Given that dichotomizing/grouping continuous data - which is implicit in many group differences analyses - leads to a loss of statistical power, low reliability proves to be even more problematic for studying group differences. While here we focused on cognitive sciences and psychiatry, our findings are quite general and could inform many other areas of research, including education, sex, gender, age, race, ethnicity, etc., where test-retest reliability is rarely taken into account.
Talking Bossy: The Gender-Based Returns to Managerial Communication Styles
Authors: Oshotse Abraham
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the interplay between gender, communication styles, and professional outcomes. Drawing from extant literature on gender stereotypes and their impact on workplace communication, as well as literature on hierarchies and the organization of knowledge in production, I posit that linguistic elaboration, a communication trait more commonly associated with women, obtains different associations in certain workplace contexts. In particular, due to the greater use of elaboration in down-rank communication, this linguistic quality becomes associated with higher status within knowledge-intensive organizations. Consequently, within such contexts, women’s use of elaboration in communication becomes paradoxically gender-incongruent, and penalized accordingly (e.g., accusations of “talking bossy”). Leveraging natural language processing techniques on two distinct datasets – email exchanges within a technology firm and job application essays – I uncover compelling evidence of gender disparities. While both men and women engage in elaborate communication, women non-managers disproportionately face negative consequences, particularly when communicating upward to managers. These penalties persist even controlling for message content and communication patterns, suggesting a status violation mechanism rather than efficiency standards. These findings contribute to organizational theory by illuminating the context-dependent nature of gender-congruent communication and its divergent effects on career advancement.
Mafias and Firms
Authors: Arellano-Bover Jaime , De Simoni Marco , Guiso Luigi , Macchiavello Rocco , Marchetti Domenico J. , Prem Mounu
Published: February 2025

Infiltration of legitimate businesses by criminal organizations (OCGs) is potentially significant. Despite the policy relevance, its extent and underlying motives remain uncertain. We propose a framework to distinguish OCGs’ motives and validate it using new data from the Italian Financial Intelligence Unit. About 2% of Italian firms appear to have links with OCGs. We depart from the dominant idea in the literature that infiltrated firms are always contaminated with criminal activities. While this characterization applies well to smaller and medium-sized firms, often directly established by OCGs, many firms are already well-established when infiltrated. OCGs separate these firms from criminal activities to pursue pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits, such as political connections. This previously undetected motive -- labeled pure, in contrast to traditional contaminated ones -- accounts for a substantial share of OCG infiltration, nuances our understanding of infiltration's relationship to money laundering, and yields novel policy implications.
Information, Party Politics, and Public Support for Central Bank Independence
Authors: DiGiuseppe Matthew , Garriga Ana Carolina , Kern Andreas
Published: February 2025

Why do citizens support central bank independence (CBI)? Despite important research on economic and political reasons to grant independence to central banks, we know little about what the public thinks about CBI. This is important given citizens' potential role in constraining politicians' ability to alter CBI. We hypothesize that support for CBI is influenced by citizens' limited understanding of central bank governance and their beliefs about who will gain control over monetary policy if independence is reduced. Our expectations are confirmed by a preregistered survey experiment and a pre-post-election test in the U.S. Support for CBI increases when respondents learn that the President would gain more influence if independence was reduced. This support decreases when respondents expect a co-partisan to lead the executive branch. These findings shed light on the legitimacy basis of monetary institutions in politically polarized contexts and, from a policy perspective, indicate the limits of central bank communication.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM MONITORING JARINGAN BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN MIKROTIK DI PT. DIRGAPURTRA EKA PRATAMA CABANG KARAWACI
Authors: Carlos Yuan , Rino Rino , Edy Edy
Published: February 2025

Di PT. Dirgaputra Ekapratama Jaringan Internet hanya menggunakan jaringan yang biasa, oleh karena itu sering kali terjadi gangguan pada jaringan seperti lambat, putus-putus, dan lainnya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa pengguna yang melakukan aktifitas Download dan Streaming yang berlebihan dan dikarenakan oleh pembagian Bandwidth yang tidak merata. Cara Kerja mikrotik, jadi router mikrotik saat ini banyak digunakan di berbagai instansi maupun perusahaan. Dengan berbagai tujuan para pemilik perusahaan ingin membuat sistem jaringan mereka lebih termanage. Mulai dari limit bandwidth untuk beberapa client, pembatasan kegiatan karyawan yang akan merugikan perusahaan di jam Kerja, dan sebagainya. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian untuk merancang jaringan internet dengan menggunakan perangkat jaringan Mikrotik. Mikrotik Menyediakan sistem Bandwidth management agar kecepatan internet dapat dibagi sesuai dengan kebutuhan masing-masing pengguna untuk mengatasi masalah jaringan internet yang lambat. Digunakan juga program tambahan berupa aplikasi pemantau bandwidth agar dapat dengan mudah memelihara jaringan Mikrotik tersebut. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini juga dapat mengidentifikasi masalah dengan cepat. Dan dapat mengontrol perangkat Mikrotik dari dengan fitur yang sangat lengkap
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI BERBASIS WEB PADA INVENTARIS BARANG MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK REACT.JS
Authors: Marcellino Marcellino , Leo Andi
Published: February 2025

Di era digital, pengelolaan inventaris barang yang efektif dan efisien sangat dibutuhkan oleh berbagai organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merancang sistem informasi inventaris barang berbasis web menggunakan framework React.js. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan pengamatan proses pengelolaan inventaris, analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, dan implementasi. Hasil analisis digunakan untuk merancang sistem yang mengatasi permasalahan dalam pengelolaan inventaris. Framework React.js dipilih karena kecepatan, fleksibilitas, dan kemudahan pengembangan aplikasi web modern. Fitur utama sistem meliputi penambahan, penghapusan, dan pembaruan data barang, serta pelaporan inventaris secara real-time. Antarmuka pengguna dirancang intuitif untuk memudahkan operasional. Implementasi menunjukkan sistem ini meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi pengelolaan inventaris barang. Uji coba melalui User Acceptance Testing (UAT) menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan tinggi dari pengguna akhir terhadap sistem yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini berhasil mengembangkan sistem informasi inventaris barang berbasis web menggunakan framework React.js yang memenuhi kebutuhan organisasi dalam mengelola inventaris barang dengan lebih efektif dan efisien.
Pelatihan Senam Kaki Diabetes Pada Lansia Dengan Diabetes di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Telaga
Authors: Antu Yuniarty , Iman Dian Pratiwi
Published: February 2025

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang ditandai oleh hiperglikemia akibat gangguan sekresi atau fungsi insulin. Penyakit ini memiliki risiko komplikasi serius, salah satunya adalah ulkus kaki diabetik. Komplikasi ini sering kali menjadi masalah yang umum pada penderita diabetes melitus. Sebagai upaya pencegahan, dilakukan pengabdian berupa pelatihan senam kaki diabetes yang ditujukan kepada para lansia peserta Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Telaga. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan keterampilan kepada peserta mengenai teknik senam kaki diabetes yang benar. Dengan demikian, diharapkan mampu mengurangi risiko terjadinya komplikasi ulkus kaki. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini meliputi edukasi mengenai diabetes melitus, perawatan kaki, serta demonstrasi langsung cara melakukan senam kaki diabetes. Kegiatan ini dirancang untuk memastikan peserta tidak hanya memahami teori, tetapi juga mampu mempraktikkan senam kaki secara mandiri di rumah. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait pengelolaan diabetes, pentingnya perawatan kaki, dan manfaat senam kaki diabetes dalam mencegah komplikasi. Selain itu, peserta juga telah berhasil mempraktikkan senam kaki dengan baik dan dapat melakukannya secara mandiri.
Terapi Edukasi Pada Lansia Dengan Ansietas di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Tengah
Authors: Biahimo Nur Uyuun I. , Firmawati Firmawati
Published: February 2025

Kecemasan pada lansia merupakan hal yang paling sering kita jumpai di lingkungan kita. Sebagian besar lansia mengalami kecemasan seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Lansia pada periode awal, adalah masa-masa kecemasan yang paling tinggi. Dimana pada kondisi era digital dengan tuntutan ekonomi yang semakin tinggi banyak lansia yang kurang diperhatikan oleh keluarganya karena sibuk dengan pekerjaan khususnya didaerah perkotaan. sebagai bentuk upaya untuk memberikan informasi serta pemahaman pada lansia mengenai ansietas dan permasalahannya tentang apa saja dampak yang bisa muncul ketika mengalami ansietas. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan pada kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan edukasi dengan bantuan leaflet, ceramah, diskusi. Hasil pengabdian dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia mengenai ansietas serta cara mengatasinya.
Apuntes para la crítica contextualista de la metafísica
Authors: Martínez Zarazúa Diego
Published: February 2025

Martínez Zarazúa, Diego. Apuntes para la crítica contextualista de la metafísica. Este texto consiste en la exposición del análisis del lenguaje realizado por el temprano Friedrich Nietzsche y la íntima conexión que tiene con el contextualismo de Richard Rorty: ambas posiciones, ahora afiliadas, presentan un fuerte embate contra la metafísica. Sin embargo, tal crítica demanda voltear la mirada hacia sí misma, y exige su propia autocrítica.
Understanding Transfer Pricing Dynamics: Evidence from Related Party Transactions in EU Public Companies
Authors: Fulop Renata
Published: February 2025

This research explores the determinants influencing transfer pric­ing practices within the EU business landscape, driven by rising related party transactions leading to significant fiscal scandals involving companies like McDonald’s France, BlackRock, and Maersk Oil and Gas in 2022. After an investigation into its transfer pricing arrangements, the US fast-food com­pany agreed to pay €1.25 billion to the French tax authority. All these cas­es underscore the gravity of the issue. Data was manually collected from annual reports and databases like Thomsons Reuters and Bloomberg, fo­cusing on companies across seven EU countries: France, Germany, Poland, Ireland, Hungary, the Netherlands, and Romania. Using multiple linear re­gression models, the study analyzes independent variables such as compa­ny size, leverage ratio, profitability, market to book ratio, controlling share­holders, and corporate income tax rate. The study aims to provide valua­ble insights into the factors shaping the concept, emphasizing the need for greater transparency, accountability, and trust in financial operations with­in the EU framework.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship Between Economic Growth and Globalization in Albania Based on a VAR Model
Authors: Gjini Kladiola
Published: February 2025

This paper examines Albania’s economic trajectory over the pe­riod 1980-2022, employing a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model to unravel the intricate relationship between economic growth and globalization. As Albania underwent significant transformations during this period, marked by shifts in political structures and economic policies, our analysis seeks to disentangle the nuanced dynamics at play.

Our findings aim to shed light on whether economic growth in Albania is a driver or a consequence of globalization, unravelling the complex interplay between domestic economic activities and global forces. In conclusion, this paper not only adds to the understanding of Albania’s economic evolution but also provides a methodological contribution through the application of the VAR model.
Assessing the Alignment of Automotive Privacy Practices with Malaysia's PDPA
Authors: Mohd Shani Nur Shahirah Hafizah , Mansor Hafizah
Published: February 2025

Every day, the technology around us rapidly develops, and we see a global shift in the car industry. Despite the growth of car technology, we can see many data breaches in the car ownership life cycle. In one research by Mozilla, 84% of car brands surveyed reserve the right to share user data with third-party companies, and 76% can sell it. It has drawn a lot of attention in the car privacy industry as customers should have control over their data and privacy because of the different sensitivity levels of this data. In Malaysia, any connected device that handles personal data is subject to the Personal Data Protection Act 2010 (PDPA) which is an act that regulates the processing of personal data regarding commercial transactions. This study evaluates the compliance of automotive privacy policies with Malaysia's Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA), focusing on the privacy policies of Honda, Perodua, BMW, Nissan, Toyota, and Tesla. As connected car technologies become more prevalent, concerns regarding data privacy have intensified, necessitating strict adherence to privacy regulations. The study analyses these brands' privacy policies by extracting and evaluating keywords related to PDPA principles, such as data processing, security, retention, and data subject rights using Python keyword extraction. The extracted keywords are then used in the manual analysis for each privacy policy across PDPA. Findings reveal varying levels of compliance: Toyota emerges as the most compliant brand with a score of 2.571 out of 3, followed by Tesla at 2.285, indicating relatively high adherence to PDPA requirements. In contrast, Perodua shows the lowest compliance score at 1.428, highlighting critical gaps in data retention, security, and access principles. BMW, Honda, and Nissan demonstrate moderate compliance, scoring 1.857, 1.714, and 1.571, respectively. These results suggest that while some brands have made progress in aligning with PDPA principles, significant gaps remain in key areas, particularly in security, retention, and access, indicating a need for substantial policy revisions to improve data protection in the automotive sector.
Digital Twin-Based Evaluation of Vehicular Controller Area Network Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Sharmin Shaila , Mansor Hafizah , Abdul Kadir Andi Fitriah , Ismail Amelia Ritahani
Published: February 2025

The functions and operations of a modern automobile are becoming increasingly computerised, with this transformation made possible by Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that communicate and coordinate with each other on the in-vehicle network. Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the most popular protocols for the in-vehicle network, supporting low latency and reliable communications. However, the CAN protocol does not have provisions for security, such as encryption, authentication, and authorisation, which makes it vulnerable to cyberattacks, particularly in today’s automotive landscape characterised by extensive connectivity with external devices, vehicles, and infrastructure. While intrusion detection systems (IDS) for CAN have emerged as a key security measure, assessing their performance against realistic attacks remains a challenge since testing with real vehicles poses significant costs and safety risks and testbeds suffer from a lack of fidelity in terms of the CAN frame transmission timings and generated payloads. This work proposes a digital twin (DT)-based framework for CAN IDS evaluation that replicates the functionality of real-world ECUs and CAN bus of a vehicle with real-time flow of data from the physical bus to its virtual representation. The main contribution of this work is a CAN DT that can not only enable the generation of realistic attack traffic for simple and sophisticated attack scenarios but also the generation of diverse combinations of attack and real driving scenarios. This DT can facilitate the evaluation of both the detection capability and performance of CAN IDS. This work presents the methodology for generating the proposed DT and discusses current findings as well as future work
Impacts of the Artificial Intelligence on International Relations: Towards a Global Algorithms Governance
Authors:   Rey Juan Carlos University, Garrido Vicente
Published: February 2025

This article examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on international relations (IR) and global governance. It begins by presenting a conceptual framework that situates AI within the theoretical and practical dimensions of IR, and explores how AI influences global power dynamics, alters state behaviour, and reshapes institutional frameworks. The study highlights the ethical and regulatory challenges of AI governance, focusing first on the efforts of the United Nations (UN), the Council of Europe and the European Union (EU). Later, the article discusses the "AI technology race" between the United States and China and their regulations. Finally, the article highlights the need for ethical and responsible AI development to foster global cooperation and address the challenges and opportunities that this technology presents in contemporary international relations.
La Intersección entre Inteligencia Artificial y Armas Nucleares: Riesgos, Beneficios y Recomendaciones
Authors:   BASIC (British American Security Information Council), Herrera Manuel
Published: February 2025

Las innovaciones tecnológicas han sido clave en la evolución de la defensa militar, permitiendo a los Estados obtener ventajas estratégicas, como ocurrió en 1945 con la bomba atómica. Actualmente, la inteligencia artificial (IA) impulsa una revolución similar. Aunque su uso principal es civil y empresarial, varios países la están integrando en sus capacidades militares para ganar superioridad estratégica. La IA ya se emplea con éxito en drones y análisis de macrodatos, pero también comienza a aplicarse en sistemas de armamento nuclear, lo que podría tener consecuencias imprevisibles. Este artículo examina el impacto de la IA en las armas nucleares, centrándose en los sistemas de mando y control, y sus implicaciones para el equilibrio estratégico global. Se define la IA, se analiza su uso histórico en la Guerra Fría por Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética, y se evalúan sus aplicaciones actuales. Finalmente, se proponen recomendaciones para mitigar riesgos asociados a su integración en el ámbito nuclear.
The militarization of artificial intelligence and the autonomous weapons
Authors:   Instituto Universitario General Gutiérrez Mellado, Heinz Andreas
Published: February 2025

The rise of autonomous weapons technology in recent conflicts demonstrates the increasing militarisation of artificial intelligence. The rapid development of new technologies, such as AI-based targeting systems and autonomous weapons systems, poses significant challenges to the international community. On the one hand, there are potential threats associated with militarised artificial intelligence. On the other hand, there are ethical dilemmas related to algorithmic decision-making and legal liability. While efforts have been made over the past decade to establish a regulatory framework under the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, progress has been hampered by a small group of resistant States. However, recent regional and international conferences have indicated a growing consensus in favour of an international treaty based on a two-tier approach. This approach seeks to prohibit full autonomy and to regulate autonomous functions in weapon systems.
Cybersecurity Implications of Quantum Computing and Its Combined Use with Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Centre for European Policy Studies, Rodriguez Andrea G.
Published: February 2025

Quantum computing presents new market opportunities, but also significant challenges, particularly in areas such as cybersecurity. Although still in its infancy, quantum computing is maturing rapidly. If quantum computers can provide countries with new offensive capabilities - often in combination with artificial intelligence - it is arguably investment in the quantum communications agenda - in particular quantum networks - that can provide measures and actions to improve cyber defence.
A vision from China on Artificial Intelligence. Implications for Soft Power in Global Cultural Exchange
Authors:   Rey Juan Carlos University, Valle Sonia , Wang Yi ,   Jilin International Studies University, Lian Deng ,   School of International Studies, Sichuan University
Published: February 2025

This article examines China's vision of AI, its efforts to use it as a tool to promote its soft power, and the implications this has for digital diplomacy and global cultural exchange. As key findings, we highlight that through AI-powered platforms and digital diplomacy, China can adjust global narratives on sensitive issues such as human rights, economic development, and its role in global trade. China's AI expansion on the world stage serves not only as a tool for economic growth, but also as a strategic tool for enhancing its soft power. By offering technological solutions to global challenges and fostering meaningful partnerships, China is enhancing its global image as a responsible, innovative and forward-looking actor in the international community.
Prioritizing Patani? Indonesian Human Security Diplomacy Towards the Issue of Thailand's Deep South Provinces
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Jatmika Sidik , Maulana Zain ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Puspa Marlinda Ajeng ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Published: February 2025

This study examines the reasons for Indonesian President Jokowi's foreign policy not to prioritise human security diplomacy towards the Patani issue, specifically the acceleration of peace talks between the Thai government and representatives of the combatants from Thailand's Deep South provinces. A qualitative methodology was employed, involving 22 in-depth interviews with elite and grassroots participants from Thailand and Indonesia. These included 7 interviews with State actors and 15 with non-State actors, 4 of whom were combatants. The findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature on the diffusion and implementation of Indonesian human security diplomacy in relation to peace issues in Patani. The article argues for a more proactive and effective diplomacy including the strengthening the role of Islamic non-governmental organisations to help resolve security issues and conflicts there
Política y religión: la incidencia de la sátira en la opinión pública
Authors: Barberá González Rafael , Guevara Riera María Fernanda
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Se analiza en este trabajo la sátira en dos de sus temáticas más predominantes, la religión y la política, y cómo ha afectado este fenómeno a la opinión pública a lo largo de los tiempos. Metodología: Mediante un método descriptivo se analiza en profundidad la bibliografía que recoge estos ámbitos, se describen sus principales características y se definen los conceptos más importantes. Además, se analizan textos que proporcionan ejemplos de la realidad de cada momento. Resultados: Se incluyen textos de distinto género para explicar la relación de sátira tanto con la religión como con la política. Discusión: Se recogen los desarrollos de ambas temáticas a lo largo del tiempo y su incidencia en la opinión pública para tener una percepción de cómo ha sido su avance. Conclusiones: La sátira religiosa ha tenido una evolución clara e intensa a lo largo de los Siglos en la opinión pública, pero a partir el pontificado de Pío IX decae porque el reconocimiento de los Papas comenzó a ser percibido por parte de los distintos públicos. En la política, la sátira continúa existiendo porque aparecen medios que siguen empleando este género en la crítica diaria.
Estrés académico como factor de riesgo en la salud mental de estudiantes de Derecho en zonas altoandinas
Authors: Peñarrieta Bedoya Liceli Gabriela , Pineda Ancco Javier Sócrates , Quintanilla Chacón Manuel León , Rodriguez Rocha Luigi Hedrik
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El paso del entorno escolar al universitario marca un hito importante en la vida de los estudiantes, tanto en términos académicos como personales. La Escuela Profesional de Derecho en la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (UNA) representa una de las principales opciones educativas para los jóvenes de la zona altoandina; por lo que se plantea analizar el estrés académico como factor de riesgo en la salud mental de los estudiantes de Derecho en zonas altoandinas del Perú (2022-2 y 2023-1). Metodología: Investigación descriptiva, longitudinal y de tendencia. La población de estudio fueron los estudiantes de Derecho de la UNA, semestres 2022-I y 2023-II, la muestra fue de 246 y 245 estudiantes, respectivamente. Resultados: Se confirma una alta prevalencia de estrés académico entre los estudiantes, por lo que constituye un factor de riesgo para la salud mental y se desencadena a través de estresores, sintomatología y estrategias de afrontamiento. Discusión: El análisis se centra en las dimensiones planteadas por Barraza en su modelo SisCo. Conclusiones: Factores como la carga de tareas y las formas de evaluación contribuyen significativamente al estrés, lo que indica la necesidad de revisar las prácticas académicas y administrativas para reducir estos desencadenantes.
Using the EFQM excellence model in the analysis of safety-oriented management in healthcare facilities
Authors: HARBUSIUK Valerii
Published: February 2025

The article demonstrates the usefulness of using the EFQM excellence model in the analysis of safety-oriented management in healthcare facilities, for which operationalization of the model is necessary. Operationalization involves the process of transforming a rather abstract model by definition into specific analytical actions (methods, operations, or criteria) that need to be performed in the analysis. The content and purpose of the model, as well as its transformation through non-principal but clarifying and adaptive changes to approach the content of the model to the subject of analysis - security-oriented management of a healthcare institution, have been revealed. In the transformed EFQM excellence model, the original content and number of groups of elements (criteria) have been preserved, but the essence of the elements (criteria) and sub-criteria have been changed for model adaptation. In the transformed model of excellence EFQM, the original content, number of groups of elements (criteria) are retained, but the essence of the elements (criteria) and sub-criteria have been changed to adapt the model. The transformed model of excellence EFQM, in terms of the number of components (elements), is stable, in their interrelationships - coherent and, accordingly, balanced, which allows obtaining sufficiently reasoned conclusions regarding the state of safety-oriented management of a healthcare facility.
The transformed EFQM excellence model is quantified, allowing for a quasi-quantitative assessment of its subcriteria in points, the sum of which across all elements of the model provides a quasi-quantitative assessment of the state of safety-oriented management of the healthcare facility as a whole. In the operationalization of the transformed EFQM excellence model, significant importance is attributed to the organizational aspect, which involves the delegation of tasks and responsibilities of employees participating in the analysis, establishing communication chains, forms of intermediate and final analysis results using the model.
Innovation, economic sustainability and sustainable development: theoretical and practical aspects
Authors: BOKOVETS Viktoriia , DAVYDIUK Liudmyla , HRYGORUK Iryna
Published: February 2025

The article conducts a comprehensive study of the relationship between innovation, economic sustainability and sustainable development, which are key factors of modern economic growth. The theoretical foundations of these concepts, their interaction and significance for the formation of a competitive economy are revealed. The main mechanisms for introducing innovations in various sectors of the economy and their role in ensuring long-term economic stability are identified. Strategic approaches to innovative development are outlined, which contribute to increasing the adaptability of economic systems to global challenges.
Economic sustainability is analyzed as the ability of a system to maintain and strengthen its structure under the influence of internal and external factors. It is determined that economic sustainability largely depends on the level of technological innovations, their scale and pace of integration into production and management processes. Mechanisms for increasing economic sustainability based on the effective use of innovative resources, including financial, technological and intellectual assets, are investigated.
Sustainable development is considered as a concept that includes economic, environmental and social components. The main principles of sustainable development are determined, including: rational use of resources, minimization of negative impact on the environment, creation of favorable conditions for social progress. It is proven that the integration of innovation strategies is one of the key factors in achieving sustainable development, as it contributes to increasing the efficiency of the use of natural and production resources, reducing environmental risks and increasing the well-being of the population.
Particular attention is paid to practical aspects of implementing innovation strategies in various sectors of the economy. Examples of successful application of innovative technologies in industry, the agricultural sector, energy and the service sector are given. The impact of digitalization, automation and artificial intelligence on the transformation of business processes and increasing labor productivity is studied. The role of state policy in stimulating innovative activity, creating favorable conditions for the development of entrepreneurship and attracting investments in scientific and research activities is considered.
The results obtained can be used to develop effective economic policies and management decisions aimed at increasing the innovation potential of the economy. Recommendations are proposed for the development of strategies for sustainable economic development, taking into account modern technological challenges and global trends. The presented conclusions can become the basis for further scientific research and practical application in the digital economy.
SPECIFICITY OF THE DESIGN OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION RESOURCE AND AN ELECTRONIC REGISTER OF SCIENTIFIC PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC FIELD
Authors: NIKIFOROVA Liliia , DOHTIEVA Iryna , ZHARINOV Serhii
Published: February 2025

The digitization of the scientific sphere opens up new opportunities for preserving, analyzing, and accessing information. At the same time, it creates new challenges related to the development of effective tools for data management. The task of organizing information about scientific publications, which play an important role in the formation and dissemination of knowledge, is especially relevant. The article examines the specifics of the design of the development of an information resource and an electronic register of scientific professional publications in the context of the digitalization of the scientific sphere. The main differences in the creation of a register and an information resource are analyzed. The features of the design of the electronic register of scientific professional publications are studied, which, in accordance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Electronic Registers”, ensures integration with the national electronic interaction system “Trembita”, which provides standardized structuring, protection, updating of data, and their accessibility for effective management of information flows in the scientific sphere. The differences in the design of the architecture of the registry and information resource databases are analyzed. Proposals are made for the creation of a basic electronic register of scientific professional publications of Ukraine in accordance with current legislation. The design of an electronic register of scientific professional publications has been developed, taking into account its integration with the system NAUKA.