bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Water Content and Speciation in Synthetic Rhyolitic Glasses: Optimising the Analytical Method of Confocal Raman Spectrometry
Authors: Tu Cong , Meng Zi‐Yue , Gao Xiao‐Ying , Zhang Li
Published: March 2023

Quantification of water content in silicate glasses is of vital significance in understanding magma evolution and metamorphic anataxis. Here we provide a method for the determination of total dissolved water content and water speciation in silicate melts by confocal laser Raman spectrometry based on a set of hydrous rhyolitic glasses. A series of alumino‐silicate glasses with water contents from 0.33 to 9.05% m/m were synthesised in a piston cylinder apparatus. Synchrotron‐FTIR mapping shows that these glasses have relatively homogeneous distributions of dissolved water. Total water contents of the glasses were precisely measured by TC/EA‐MS and FTIR. Both external and internal calibration were established for the quantitative analysis of water content and water speciation in the silicate glasses based on excellent linear correlation between total dissolved water content and integrated area of the water Raman band. Furthermore, by decomposing the total water Raman bands into four Gaussians components, the relative concentration of water speciation (OH groups and molecules H2Om) dissolved in the glasses was determined with a similar trend to water speciation data derived from FTIR. We suggest that the relative concentration of water speciation can be estimated in rhyolitic glasses with 4–8% m/m H2O. Our work provides an accurate method to determine total water content and a potential tool to limit the relative concentration of water speciation dissolved in silicic glasses.
Physiological benefits associated with facial skincare: Well‐being from emotional perception to neuromodulation
Authors: Bouhout Sara , Aubert Arnaud , Vial Francis , Choquenet Benjamin
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study aimed to demonstrate the specific nature of well‐being induced by a facial skincare by deciphering its physiological and psychological impacts out of a therapeutic context.

Methods

Objective and subjective evaluations were performed on two groups of healthy participants. One group of 32 participants received 1‐h facial skincare, while the second group of 31 participants were subjected to a resting condition during the same period. Electroencephalography, electrocardiography, electromyography, and respiratory rate measurements were assessed before and after both experimental conditions. Prosody and semantic analyses were also performed to evaluate the emotional perception in both groups.

Results

Physiological relaxation was observed after both experimental sessions; however, the effect was higher after the facial skincare. The cerebral, cardiac, respiratory, and muscular relaxation induced by facial skincare was 42%, 13%, 12%, and 17% higher, respectively, than that induced by the resting condition. In addition, non‐verbal and verbal assessments showed that positive emotions were more markedly associated with the perception of facial skincare.

Conclusion

The comparison between parameters recorded after a rest period allowed us to distinguish the physiological and psychological signature of facial skincare. Moreover, our results suggest an involvement of positive emotions in the physiological relaxation enhancement. All these observations contribute to the very scarce data available on the specific profile of well‐being associated with facial skincare.
Early inflammatory biomarkers and melanoma survival
Authors: Fortes Cristina , Mastroeni Simona , Zappalà Albina Rita , Passarelli Francesca , Ricci Francesco , Abeni Damiano , Michelozzi Paola
Published: March 2023

Background

Few studies have investigated the role of inflammatory markers in predicting cutaneous melanoma survival. The aim of the study was to identify, if any, early inflammatory markers in the prognosis of all stages of primary cutaneous melanoma.

Methods

We conducted a 10‐year cohort study among 2,141 melanoma patients from the same geographic area (Lazio) with primary cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2013. In situ cutaneous melanoma was excluded from the analysis (N = 288), leaving 1,853 cases of invasive cutaneous melanoma. The following hematological markers were obtained from clinical records: white blood cells count (WBC), count and percentages of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and large unstained cells (LUC). Survival probability was estimated by Kaplan–Meier methods, and prognostic factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model).

Results

In the multivariate analysis, high levels of NLR (>2.1 vs. ≤2.1, HR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14–2.29, P = 0.007) and high levels of d‐NLR (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5, HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16–2.35, P = 0.005) were independently associated with an increased risk of 10‐year melanoma mortality. However, when we stratified by Breslow thickness and clinical stage, we observed that NLR and d‐NLR were good markers of prognosis only for patients with Breslow thickness of 2.0 mm and more (NLR, HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.04–2.50; d‐NLR, HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.09–2.62) or clinical stage II‐IV (NLR, HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01–2.37; d‐NLR, HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11–2.66), independent of other prognostic factors.

Conclusion

We suggest that a combination of NLR and Breslow thickness may be a useful, cheap, and readily available prognostic marker for cutaneous melanoma survival.
The combined effect of cold plasma pretreatment and germination on nutritional quality and texture properties of brown rice cakes
Authors: Li Ren , Li Zhi‐Jiang , Wu Na‐Na , Tan Bin
Published: March 2023

This work evaluated the combined influence of cold plasma pretreatment and germination on phytic acid, GABA, γ‐oryzanol, phenolics, antioxidant activity, in vitro starch digestibility and texture characteristics of brown rice cakes. The contents of GABA, total γ‐oryzanol, total phenolics, total flavonoids, individual phenolic acid, individual flavonoid and antioxidant activity in germinated brown rice cake with cold plasma pretreatment (CGRC) were significantly higher than those in white rice cake (WRC) and brown rice cake (BRC), and the phytic acid content of CGRC was lower than that in BRC. Compared with WRC and BRC, CGRC had the highest content of resistant starch and the lowest starch in vitro digestibility. Additionally, the textural characteristics of CGRC were enhanced with lower hardness and higher elasticity compared to WRC and BRC. The combination of cold plasma pretreatment and germination may be the prospective approach for enhancing the nutritional quality and textural properties of brown rice cakes.
The image of nursing in the media: A scoping review
Authors: González Hildegart , Errasti‐Ibarrondo Begoña , Iraizoz‐Iraizoz Andrea , Choperena Ana
Published: March 2023

Aim

To systematically review the available evidence from research exploring the image of nurses in the media.

Background

Nurses have historically faced many challenges and have received media attention for such efforts. However, the image of nursing traditionally conveyed by media has failed to represent the real character and a positive image of the nursing profession.

Review methods

For this scoping literature review, a search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Dialnet to identify studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese from the earliest date in the databases until February 2022. Four authors were involved in a two‐stage screening process. Data were subjected to quantitative content analysis. A decade‐by‐decade analysis was performed to track the evolution of the research.

Results

Sixty studies were included. The analysis shows (1) an increasing interest in analysing the portrayal of nurses and nursing in media over time, especially from 2000 onwards; (2) a prevailing trend of focusing on one form of media when analysing the portrayal of nurses; (3) qualitative designs as the most frequent method for exploring the image of nursing; and (4) a predominantly negative image conveyed by media.

Conclusions

There is a notable body of scientific evidence about the image of nurses and nursing portrayed in media. The interest in analysing media depictions of nursing has a long history. The included studies’ samples showed heterogeneity, as they were obtained from different media, periods and countries.

Implications for nursing

This scoping review is the first systematic review to provide a comprehensive map of what has been studied thus far regarding media depictions of nursing. It confirms the imperative need for nurses in different settings (academic, assistance or management fields) to maintain a proactive attitude towards addressing images of nursing and ensuring accurate representations.
Design and usability evaluation of a mobile‐based‐self‐management application for caregivers of children with severe burns
Authors: Toolaroud Parissa Bagheri , Nabovati Ehsan , Mobayen Mohammadreza , Akbari Hossein , Feizkhah Alireza , Farrahi Razieh , Jeddi Fatemeh Rangraz
Published: March 2023

Paediatric burns are a major public health issue because of long‐term physical, psychological and social consequences and the high cost of treatment. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a mobile‐based self‐management application for caregivers of children with severe burns. A participatory design technique was employed to develop the Burn application, which included three main phases: the determination of application requirements, the design and evaluation of the low‐fidelity prototype, and the design and evaluation of the high‐fidelity prototypes. In the first phase, application requirements were determined via validated paper questionnaires using the Delphi technique. In the second step, a low‐fidelity prototype was prepared using conceptual models and evaluated through a focus group with specialists. Seven specialists reviewed the application and evaluated how this prototype meets functional requirements and objectives. The third phase was performed in three stages. First, the high‐fidelity prototype was designed and developed by the JAVA programming language. Second, a cognitive walk‐through was carried out to show how users can interact with the mobile application and how it works. Third, this program was installed on the mobile phones of 28 caregivers of burned children, eight IT experts, and two general surgeries, and the prototype's usability was evaluated. In the present study, most caregivers of children with burns stated that after discharge, they face problems regarding infection control and wound care (4.07) and how to perform physical activity (4.12). User registration, educational materials, caregiver‐clinician communication, chat box, and appointment booking, safe login were the most important characteristic of the Burn application. Mean usability evaluation scores were in the range of 7.92 ± 0.238 to 8.10 ± 0.103, which is considered at a “good” level. From the Burn program design experience, it can be concluded that co‐design with health care specialists can significantly support and meet the specialists' and patients' needs and ensure the program's usefulness. In addition, application evaluation by users involved and not involved in the application design process can help enhance usability.
Importance of fatty acid binding proteins in cellular function and organismal metabolism
Authors: Agellon Luis B.
Published: March 2023

Fatty acid binding proteins (Fabps) are small soluble proteins that are abundant in the cytosol. These proteins are known to bind a myriad of small hydrophobic molecules and have been postulated to serve a variety of roles, yet their precise functions have remained an enigma over half a century of study. Here, we consider recent findings, along with the cumulative findings contributed by many laboratories working on Fabps over the last half century, to synthesize a new outlook for what functions Fabps serve in cells and organisms. Collectively, the findings illustrate that Fabps function as versatile multi‐purpose devices serving as sensors, conveyors and modulators to enable cells to detect and handle a specific class of metabolites, and to adjust their metabolic capacity and efficiency.
Histological and histomorphometric study of human palatal mucosa: Implications for connective tissue graft harvesting
Authors: García‐Caballero Lucía , Gándara Marina , Cepeda‐Emiliani Alfonso , Gallego Rosalía , Gude Francisco , Suárez‐Quintanilla Juan , Ramos‐Barbosa Isabel , Blanco‐Carrión Juan
Published: March 2023

Aims

To analyse the histological structure and histomorphometric characteristics of human hard palatal mucosa in order to determine the donor site of choice for connective tissue grafts from a histological point of view.

Materials and Methods

Palatal mucosa samples from six cadaver heads were harvested at four sites: incisal, premolar, molar and tuberosity. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed, as was histomorphometric analysis.

Results

In the current study, we found that the density and size of cells were higher in the superficial papillary layer, whereas the thickness of the collagen bundles increased in the reticular layer. Excluding the epithelium, the mean percentage of lamina propria (LP) and submucosa (SM) was 37% and 63%, respectively (p < .001). LP thickness showed similar values in the incisal, premolar and molar regions, and a significantly greater thickness in tuberosity (p < .001). The thickness of SM increased from incisal to premolar and molar, disappearing in the tuberosity (p < .001).

Conclusions

As dense connective tissue of LP is the tissue of choice for connective tissue grafts, the best donor site from a histological point of view is tuberosity because it is composed only of a thick LP without the presence of a loose submucosal layer.
Effects of substrate roughening on the swimming performance of Schizothorax wangchiachii (Fang, 1936) in the Heishui River: Implications for vertical slot fishway design
Authors: Song Yiqing , Xie Songguang
Published: March 2023

Re‐establishing the natural connectivity of rivers using fishways may mitigate the unfavourable effects of dam construction on riverine biodiversity and freshwater fish populations. Knowledge of the swimming performance of target species in specific regions is critical for designing fishways with a high passage efficiency. Substrate roughening with river stones of fishways is considered to improve fish swimming capacity by benefiting from reduced‐velocity zones with lower energetic costs. However, the effectiveness of rough substrates in energy metabolism is rarely tested. We investigated the effect of substrate roughening on the swimming capacity, oxygen consumption and behaviour of Schizothorax wangchiachii from the Heishui River in a flume‐type swimming respirometer. The results showed that substrate roughening improved critical and burst swimming speed by ~12.9% and ~15.0%, respectively, compared to the smooth substrate. Our results demonstrate that increased reduced‐velocity zones, lowered metabolic rate and tail‐beat frequency support our hypothesis that lower energetic costs improve fish swimming performance in rough substrate compared to smooth treatment. The traversable flow velocity model predicted that maximum traversable flow velocity and maximum ascent distance were higher over rough compared to smooth substrate fishways. Fishway substrate roughening may be a practical approach to improve fish swimming upstream for demersal riverine fish.
Sustainable postharvest processing methods for millets: A review on its value‐added products
Authors: Mahajan Monika , Singla Prabhjot , Sharma Sucheta
Published: March 2023

In the era of climate change, where major crops like rice, wheat, maize are struggling to survive, millets (small seeded cereals), have been emerged as sustainable food sources to end hunger and poverty. They can grow well in harsh climatic conditions and being used as a major source of human food. They are better sources of proteins, fiber, minerals, carbohydrates, vitamins, essential amino acids, phytochemicals, and antioxidants than major cereals. The health beneficial properties of millets have challenged food engineers and technologists to mechanize the processes and to develop different value‐added products from them. Although millets are rich in nutrients but they need to be processed to remove antinutrient factors and to increase their nutrients availability. Various food processing methods like decortication/dehulling, milling, soaking, germination, malting, fermentation, puffing, and so forth are being employed these days for the millets to make them into the edible form and fit for human consumption. However, the nutrients and the functional properties of the grains get influenced by these food‐processing techniques. The present review endeavors to provide the insights into the nutritional and antinutritional characteristics of millets, various traditional and modern processing methods, which are being adopted to ease their processing and utilization in preparation of nutritious food products. The involvement of value‐added products of millets in our diets can ensure food and nutritional security.

Practical applications

The processing of millets with sustainable thermal or nonthermal processing methods will not only make them fit for consumption but also enhance its nutritive value by reducing its antinutritional factors. The utilization of millets in different product development and the involvement of its value‐added products in our diets can ensure food and nutritional security.
The impact of family care visitation programme on patients and caregivers in the intensive care unit: A mixed methods study
Authors: Yoo Hye Jin , Shim JaeLan
Published: March 2023

Aims

To track changes in the haemodynamic and respiratory indicators of patients and evaluate families' caring experiences via the visitation programme in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Background

Although most people recognise the importance of family care visitation programme in the ICU, objective research results on the effect on patients and caregivers are still insufficient.

Design

Mixed methods.

Methods

In this a quasi‐experimental investigation and qualitative study, after executing the programme with families of ICU patients in a general hospital in South Korea from June to July 2019, changes in haemodynamic and respiratory indicators for control (n = 28) and experimental groups (n = 28) were analysed; the experimental group families' experiences were analysed through in‐depth interviews; the qualitative study's reporting rigour was checked against the COREQ guidelines and TREND checklist for a quasi‐experimental study. Qualitative and quantitative data were examined using content analysis and repeated‐measures analysis of variance, respectively.

Results

There was a significant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the haemodynamic indicator, and the respiratory indicator in both groups increased slightly over time and then gradually stabilised; there were no significant differences or interactions between groups regarding time of systolic blood pressure. The respiratory rate significantly decreased only in the experimental group. There was a significant increase in oxygen saturation over time, as well as interactions between time and group and between groups. Four themes were extracted from families' experiences.

Conclusion

The haemodynamic and respiratory indicators of the group using patient‐ and family‐centred care (PFCC) showed a stable effect on critically ill patients, which increased families' satisfaction. In future, interventions should encourage family participation in the ICU for successful PFCC.

Relevance to clinical practice

The findings provided evidence for the importance of PFCC through changes in objective haemodynamic and respiratory indicators.
Job engagement trajectories: Their associations with leader–member exchange and their implications for employees
Authors: Tóth‐Király István , Gillet Nicolas , Inhaber Joseph , Houle Simon A. , Vandenberghe Christian , Morin Alexandre J. S.
Published: March 2023

The present study seeks to achieve a dynamic understanding of employees' job engagement trajectories, and of their time‐structured associations with leader–member exchange (LMX) and outcomes related to psychological adaptation (turnover intentions, emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and life satisfaction). A sample of 285 employees was surveyed three times (6 months apart) over a 1‐year period. Results revealed that employees' global job engagement followed high and stable trajectories, their specific cognitive and emotional job engagement followed slightly decreasing trajectories, and their specific physical engagement displayed non‐linear trajectories characterized by an initial decrease followed by a slight increase. Specific LMX contribution and LMX professional respect were associated with positive fluctuations in global job engagement, whereas global LMX was associated with positive fluctuations in specific emotional engagement. Specific LMX loyalty and LMX affect (at Time 1 only) were associated with positive fluctuations in specific physical engagement, whereas global LMX was negatively associated with these fluctuations. Higher global job engagement and specific emotional engagement were associated with negative fluctuations in turnover intentions and emotional exhaustion and with positive fluctuations in job satisfaction. Higher specific physical engagement was associated with negative fluctuations in job satisfaction, whereas higher specific cognitive engagement was associated with lower life satisfaction.
The effect of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in people with comorbid insomnia and sleep apnoea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sweetman Alexander , Farrell Seamas , Wallace Douglas M. , Crawford Megan
Published: March 2023

Comorbid insomnia and sleep apnoea (COMISA) is a highly prevalent and debilitating sleep disorder. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi) may be an appropriate treatment for COMISA; however, no previous study has systematically reviewed and meta‐analysed literature reporting on the effect of CBTi in people with COMISA. A systematic literature search was conducted across PsychINFO and PubMed (n = 295). In all, 27 full‐text records were independently reviewed by at least two authors. Forward‐ and backward‐chain referencing, and hand‐searches were used to identify additional studies. Authors of potentially eligible studies were contacted to provide COMISA subgroup data. In total, 21 studies, including 14 independent samples of 1040 participants with COMISA were included. Downs and Black quality assessments were performed. A meta‐analysis including nine primary studies measuring the Insomnia Severity Index indicated that CBTi is associated with a large improvement in insomnia severity (Hedges’ g = −0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.35, −0.43). Subgroup meta‐analyses indicated that CBTi is effective in samples with untreated obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) (five studies, Hedges’ g = −1.19, 95% CI −1.77, −0.61) and treated OSA (four studies, Hedges’ g = −0.55, 95% CI −0.75, −0.35). Publication bias was evaluated by examining the Funnel plot (Egger's regression p = 0.78). Implementation programmes are required to embed COMISA management pathways in sleep clinics worldwide that currently specialise in the management of OSA alone. Future research should investigate and refine CBTi interventions in people with COMISA, including identifying the most effective CBTi components, adaptations, and developing personalised management approaches for this highly prevalent and debilitating condition.
Forecasting inflation with a zero lower bound or negative interest rates: Evidence from point and density forecasts
Authors: Anderl Christina , Caporale Guglielmo Maria
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the predictive power of the shadow rate for the inflation rate in countries with a zero lower bound (the US, the UK and Canada) and in those with negative rates (Japan, the Euro Area and Switzerland). Using shadow rates obtained from two different models (the WX(3) and the KANSM(2) ones) and for different LB parameters we compare the out‐of‐sample forecasting performance of an inflation model including a shadow rate with a benchmark one excluding it. Both specifications are estimated by OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) and includes a range of macroeconomic factors computed by means of principal component analysis. Both point and density forecasts of the inflation rate are evaluated. The models including the shadow rate are found to outperform the benchmark ones according to both sets of criteria except in countries operating an official inflation targeting regime. Both types of shadow rates appear to produce equally accurate out‐of‐sample inflation forecasts.
Are wearable electronic vision enhancement systems (wEVES) beneficial for people with age‐related macular degeneration? A scoping review
Authors: Miller Andrew , Crossland Michael D. , Macnaughton Jane , Latham Keziah
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible visual impairment in the United Kingdom. It has a wide‐ranging detrimental impact on daily living, including impairment of functional ability and quality of life. Assistive technology designed to overcome this impairment includes wearable electronic vision enhancement systems (wEVES). This scoping review assesses the usefulness of these systems for people with AMD.

Methods

Four databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL) were searched to identify papers that investigated image enhancement with a head‐mounted electronic device on a sample population that included people with AMD.

Results

Thirty‐two papers were included: 18 studied the clinical and functional benefits of wEVES, 11 investigated use and usability and 3 discussed sickness and adverse effects.

Conclusions

Wearable electronic vision enhancement systems provide hands‐free magnification and image enhancement producing significant improvements in acuity, contrast sensitivity and aspects of laboratory‐simulated daily activity. Adverse effects were infrequent, minor and spontaneously resolved with the removal of the device. However, when symptoms arose, they sometimes persisted with continued device usage. There are multi‐factorial influences and a diversity of user opinions on promotors to successful device use. These factors are not exclusively driven by visual improvement and incorporate other issues including device weight, ease of use and inconspicuous design. There is insufficient evidence of any cost–benefit analysis for wEVES. However, it has been shown that a user's decision to make a purchase evolves over time, with their estimates of cost falling below the retail price of the devices. Additional research is needed to understand the specific and distinct benefits of wEVES for people with AMD. Further patient‐centred research should assess the benefits of wEVES in user‐led activities when directly compared with alternative coping strategies, allowing professionals and users to make better prescribing and purchasing decisions.
Resistance to evidence and the duty to believe
Authors: Simion Mona
Published: March 2023

This article develops and defends a full account of the nature and normativity of resistance to evidence, according to which resistance to evidence is an instance of input‐level epistemic malfunctioning. At the core of this epistemic normative picture lies the notion of knowledge indicators, as evidential probability increasing facts that one is in a position to know; resistance to evidence is construed as a failure to uptake knowledge indicators.
The future of intensive tilapia production and the circular bioeconomy without effluents: Biofloc technology, recirculation aquaculture systems, bio‐RAS, partitioned aquaculture systems and integrated multitrophic aquaculture
Authors: Zimmermann Sergio , Kiessling Anders , Zhang Jiasong
Published: March 2023

Modern tilapia farming with low use of water aims, as in circular bioeconomy, to reduce inputs and fully reuse waste and effluents, closing flows or links of economic and ecological resources and decentralizing production systems (local production and local consumption). Concerns over diseases, market demand for a clean, sustainable and ecologically correct aquaculture, with greater and more efficient controls, increased predictability and repeatability of activities, are leading to a series of structural changes in the reuse of water and effluents through various closed recirculation systems with the reuse of waste as nutrients. In recent decades, one of the most important innovations and trends of tilapia culture is towards circular bioeconomy, characterized in this review by several recirculation systems, such as biofloc technology (BFT), recirculation aquaculture systems (RASs), bio‐RAS, partitioned aquaculture systems (PASs with split ponds, SPs; and in pond recirculation system, IPRS) and integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA). The future of tilapia culture meshes with urban agriculture and waste fermentation, where low‐demand water recirculation systems will be the protagonists in the disruption of industries in five main sectors (materials, energy, information, transport and food/health), that still today focus on extraction, into a more sustainable local model.
Feed‐food competition in global aquaculture: Current trends and prospects
Authors: van Riel Anne‐Jo , Nederlof Marit A. J. , Chary Killian , Wiegertjes Geert F. , de Boer Imke J. M.
Published: March 2023

Feed‐food competition is the allocation of resources that can be used to feed humans to animal feed instead, a current but unsustainable practise not well documented for aquaculture. Here, we analysed feed‐food competition in aquaculture using two measures; natural trophic levels (TLs) and species‐specific human‐edible protein conversion ratios (HePCRs). The HePCR equals the ratio of human edible protein in feed (input) to the human edible protein in animal produce (output). To provide prospects on aquaculture's potential to convert human inedible by‐products into edible biomass, data on aquaculture production were collected and categorized based on natural TLs. HePCRs were computed for four aquaculture species produced in intensive aquaculture systems: Atlantic salmon, common carp, Nile tilapia and whiteleg shrimp. Under current feed use, we estimated that the carp, tilapia and shrimp considered were net contributors of protein by requiring ~0.6 kg of human edible protein to produce 1 kg of protein in the fillet/meat. Considering soya bean meal and fishmeal as food‐competing ingredients increased the HePCR to ~2 and turned all of the case‐study species into net consumers of protein. To prevent this increase, the use of high‐quality food‐competing ingredients such as fishmeal, or soya bean products should be minimized in aquaculture feed. In the future, the role of aquaculture in circular food systems will most likely consist of a balanced mix of species at different TLs and from different aquaculture systems, depending on the by‐products available.
Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa treated with TNF inhibitors
Authors: Oba Muazzez Cigdem , Askin Ozge , Gunver Mehmet Guven , Kocaarslan Gokce , Alis Deniz Can , Engin Burhan
Published: March 2023

Background

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an independent risk factor for the development of subclinical atherosclerosis. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are effective for the treatment of recalcitrant moderate‐to‐severe HS. However, the effect of treatment with TNF inhibitors on subclinical atherosclerosis in HS patients has not been previously investigated.

Objectives

In this study, we aimed to assess changes in biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose and lipid levels) and carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) values in Hurley stage II and III HS patients undergoing treatment with TNF inhibitors.

Methods

This was a single center prospective study including 30 patients with Hurley stage II and III HS and 30 healthy controls (HCs). Baseline values of biochemical parameters and CIMT were compared to the values recorded after at least 6 months of TNF inhibitor therapy.

Results

CIMT values of the HS patients significantly exceeded those of HCs (for right p = 0.011 and for left p = 0.017). After at least 6 months of TNF inhibitor therapy, there was a statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (p = 0.001), whereas total cholesterol levels significantly increased (p = 0.001). CIMT values also significantly increased (for right p = 0.02 and for left p = 0.01).

Study limitations and conclusions

Small sample size is limitation of the current study. Our study shows that patients with Hurley stage II and III HS undergoing TNF inhibitor therapy are under risk for progression of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Standard and modified glabellar flap for medial canthus reconstruction following mass removal in three dogs and two cats
Authors: Sarfaty Havi , Ezra‐Elia Raaya , Kahane Nili , Sandalon Shai , Segev Yifat , Sebbag Lionel
Published: March 2023

Purpose

To describe the surgical technique and clinical outcomes of the glabellar flap and its modification for the reconstruction of the medial canthus following resection of tumors in three dogs and two cats.

Methods

Three dogs (7‐, 7‐, and 12.5‐year‐old mixed breeds) and two cats (10‐ and 14‐year‐old Domestic shorthair) presented with a 7–13 mm tumor affecting the eyelid and/or conjunctiva in the medial canthal region. Following en bloc mass excision, an inverted V‐shaped skin incision was made in the glabellar region (i.e., the area between the eyebrows in humans). The apex of the inverted V‐shaped flap was rotated in three cases, whereas a horizontal sliding movement was performed in the other two cases to better cover the surgical wound. The surgical flap was then trimmed to fit the surgical wound and sutured in place in two layers (subcutaneous and cutaneous).

Results

Tumors were diagnosed as mast cell tumors (n = 3), amelanotic conjunctival melanoma (n = 1), and apocrine ductal adenoma (n = 1). No recurrence was noted in a follow‐up time of 146 ± 84 days. Satisfactory cosmetic outcome with normal eyelids closure was achieved in all cases. Mild trichiasis was present in all patients and mild epiphora was noted in 2/5 patients, but there were no associated clinical signs such as discomfort or keratitis.

Conclusions

The glabellar flap was easy to perform and provided a good outcome in terms of cosmetic, eyelid function, and corneal health. Postoperative complications from trichiasis appear to be minimized by the presence of the third eyelid in this region.
Finding solutions for the management of e-waste on Otago University’s Dunedin campus
Authors: Fatima Faiqua
Published: March 2023

Electronic waste is a matter of increasing concern in many countries. Ewaste comprises of inoperative laptops, tablets, batteries, etc. that must be disposed of safely. Global statistics show that in 2019, 53.6 million metric tons of e-waste was created. E-waste consists of chemicals and metals, if disposed with food waste and general waste, this waste can turn toxic and harm human and environmental health by polluting the environment by leaching of lead, mercury, and arsenic. Therefore, it is important to  minimise electronic waste generated to ultimately minimise the risk of pollution and maintain a standard of sustainability. Furthermore, it is important for consumers to understand that e-waste relates to many of the Sustainable Development Goals charted out by the United Nations. This project is based on finding practical solutions to help minimise e-waste and to improve disposal methods at the Dunedin Campus of the University of Otago. Previously, similar projects were undertaken in some universities globally to help tackle e-waste. To find solutions, companies dealing with the disposal of e-waste were approached and their methods were observed, as similar methods could be applied at the university. The project was started by familiarising with the current solutions on campus, including E-waste Recycling Centre and by understanding the material flow. Following  which, interviews with select participants took place, where we obtained an understanding of their processes. To finish, a diagram that illustrates the flow of materials was constructed to help with a better understanding of current methods and future methods.
Supervised by Ray O'Brien, Head of Sustainability, Sustainability Office, Univeristy of OtagoScholarship funded by: Waste Management NZ
Traversing Perceptions on Te Araroa
Authors: Bonné Kate
Published: March 2023

Landscapes come about through two-way interaction: just as we construct a landscape through modification and story-telling, it also shapes us. Te Araroa is New Zealand’s long distance walking trail. It stretches from Cape Reinga to Bluff, encompassing many different landscapes along the way. Opened in 2011, the trail is in its relative infancy, with its distinct character still being shaped. The aim of this project is to identify ways that Te Araroa can develop deeper connections between walkers and the land, so an ethic of kaitiakitanga can be more strongly associated with the trail experience. Primarily, the project considered the living landscapes that emerge from walkers’ accounts of their journey. These were used to write place descriptions for 74 moments along Te Araroa, which are to be displayed on six annotated maps of the trail. The project also considered which walking attitudes and actions are conducive to developing place connection, and which pose barriers to doing so. The project’s findings, along with the annotated maps, may be used by the Te Araroa Trust in their approach to developing the trail. More directly, they may be used to prepare future Te Araroa walkers to set off with a readiness to greet and be greeted by Te Araroa. If walkers see the land as a living being and themselves as part of it, both walkers and te taiao o Aotearoa can be restored together.
Supervised by: Professor Mick Abbott, Lincoln University and Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago.
Food Waste
Authors: Lawrence Demi
Published: March 2023

This research project explored solutions for food waste reduction and mitigation across Te Whatu Ora / New Zealand Public Hospital systems by looking at the case study of Dunedin Public Hospital. Directly relating and supporting Sustainable  Development Goal (SDG) 12.3, to halve global food waste at consumer and retail levels by 2030. This research was done by  analysing appropriate literature exploring food and organic waste management strategies in national and international hospital service sectors and systems, further using the Food Recovery Hierarchy as a framework, which ranks the effects of these  strategies when looking at them financially, environmentally and socially. Furthermore, this research looks at the barriers and  enablers of the suggested organic waste management strategies. A food waste audit was conducted at Dunedin Public Hospital to assess and quantify the current organic waste within the system. The key questions of this study are: How do we prevent organic waste in the first place (preparation strategies)? What can we do with the organic waste produced to prevent it from going to landfills? What items in the food system are the most wasted? How much Greenhouse gas (GHG) is produced by this organic waste going to landfill? Organic waste produces methane, occupies land mass and has the potential for groundwater  contamination. Ten per cent of total global GHG Emissions come from food waste, 22% of which is occurring at the consumption level. The key impact of this research is to mitigate organic waste going to landfills to reduce further climate change, thus  benefiting environmentally, socially and economically.
Supervised by: Ray O'Brien & Craig Cliff, Sustainability Office, University of OtagoScholarship funded by: Te Whatau Ora Southern
Soil Protists Can Actively Redistribute Beneficial Bacteria along Medicago truncatula Roots
Authors: Hawxhurst Christopher J. , Micciulla Jamie L. , Bridges Charles M. , Shor Mikhael , Gage Daniel J. , Shor Leslie M.
Published: March 2023

Soil protists are an important part of the microbial community in the rhizosphere. Plants grown with protists fare better than plants grown without protists.
Hyperglycemia Increases Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis and Influences Bacterial Genes Required for Survival in Bone
Authors: Butrico Casey E. , Klopfenstein Nathan , Green Erin R. , Johnson Joshua R. , Peck Sun H. , Ibberson Carolyn B. , Serezani C. Henrique , Cassat James E.
Published: March 2023

Hyperglycemia, or elevated blood glucose, renders individuals more prone to developing severe
Staphylococcus aureus
infections.
S. aureus
is the most common etiological agent of musculoskeletal infection, which is a common manifestation of disease in hyperglycemic patients. However, the mechanisms by which
S. aureus
causes severe musculoskeletal infection during hyperglycemia are incompletely characterized.
KSHV Viral Protein Kinase Interacts with USP9X to Modulate the Viral Lifecycle
Authors: Chappell Danielle L. , Sandhu Praneet K. , Wong Jason P. , Bhatt Aadra P. , Liu Xiaoxi , Buhrlage Sara J. , Temple Brenda R. S. , Major M. Ben , Damania Blossom
Published: March 2023

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), the plasmablastic form of multicentric Castleman’s disease, and primary effusion lymphoma. In sub-Saharan Africa, KS is the most common HIV-related malignancy.
9-Butyl-Harmol Exerts Antiviral Activity against Newcastle Disease Virus through Targeting GSK-3β and HSP90β
Authors: Wang Chongyang , Wang Ting , Hu Ruochen , Duan Liuyuan , Hou Qili , Han Yu , Dai Jiangkun , Wang Wenbin , Ren Shanhui , Liu Haijin , Wang Xinglong , Xiao Sa , Li Na , Wang Junru , Yang Zengqi
Published: March 2023

Paramyxoviruses cause devastating impacts on health and the economy worldwide. However, there are no suitable drugs with which to counteract the viruses.
Targeting Sterylglucosidase A to Treat Aspergillus fumigatus Infections
Authors: Pereira de Sa Nivea , Jayanetti Kalani , Rendina Dominick , Clement Timothy , Soares Brauer Veronica , Mota Fernandes Caroline , Ojima Iwao , Airola Michael V. , Del Poeta Maurizio
Published: March 2023

Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients.
Aspergillus fumigatus
is a fungus ubiquitously found in the environment that, upon inhalation, causes both acute and chronic illnesses in at-risk individuals.
A. fumigatus
is recognized as one of the critical fungal pathogens for which a substantive treatment breakthrough is urgently needed. Here, we studied a fungus-specific enzyme, sterylglucosidase A (SglA), as a therapeutic target.
Chromosome-Scale Assembly of the Complete Genome Sequence of Leishmania (Mundinia) procaviensis Isolate 253, Strain LV425
Authors: Almutairi Hatim , Urbaniak Michael D. , Bates Michelle D. , Kwakye-Nuako Godwin , Al-Salem Waleed S. , Dillon Rod J. , Bates Paul A. , Gatherer Derek
Published: March 2023

Leishmania
(
Mundinia
)
procaviensis
is a parasitic kinetoplastid that was first isolated from a rock hyrax in Namibia in 1975. We present the complete genome sequence of
Leishmania
(
Mundinia
)
procaviensis
isolate 253, strain LV425, sequenced using combined short- and long-read technologies. This genome will contribute to our understanding of hyraxes as a
Leishmania
reservoir.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Dyella
sp. Strain GSA-30, a Predominant Endophytic Bacterium of
Dendrobium
Plants
Authors: Nishioka Tomoki , Morinaga Kana , Tamaki Hideyuki
Published: March 2023

We report a complete genome sequence of
Dyella
sp. strain GSA-30, a predominant endophytic bacterium of
Dendrobium
plants. The genome consists of a circular 5,501,810-bp chromosome with a G+C content of 61.4%. The genome was predicted to harbor 6 rRNA genes, 51 tRNA genes, and 4,713 coding sequences.
Rational Design of Stapled Antimicrobial Peptides to Enhance Stability and
In Vivo
Potency against Polymicrobial Sepsis
Authors: Yeh Jih-Chao , Hazam Prakash Kishore , Hsieh Chu-Yi , Hsu Po-Hsien , Lin Wen-Chun , Chen Yun-Ru , Li Chao-Chin , Chen Jyh-Yih
Published: March 2023

In our
in vitro
studies, one dual stapled peptide out of the series of candidates (TP4-3:
FIIXKKSXGLFKKKAGAXKKKXIKK
) showed significant activity, low toxicity, and high stability (in 50% human serum). When tested in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse models of polymicrobial sepsis, TP4-3 improved survival (87.5% on day 7).
Nested PCR Approach for
petB
Gene Metabarcoding of Marine
Synechococcus
Populations
Authors: Ong Denise Rui Ying , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Andrés , Garczarek Laurence , Marie Dominique , Lopes dos Santos Adriana
Published: March 2023

The
petB
gene has been proposed as a high-resolution marker gene to access the diversity of marine
Synechococcus
populations. A systematic metabarcoding approach based on the
petB
gene would improve the characterization/assessment of the
Synechococcus
community structure in marine planktonic ecosystems.
Supplemental Material: What’s in an age? Calculation and interpretation of ages and durations from U-Pb zircon geochronology of igneous rocks
Authors: Klein Benjamin , Eddy M.P.
Published: March 2023

Matlab code required to re-create all figures in the text, as well as one supplementary figure.  
Supplemental Material: Linking Pacific Plate formation and Early Cretaceous metallogenic response on the circum-Pacific continental margins
Authors: Wu Chao , Chen Huayong
Published: March 2023

Table S1: Materials properties used in 2-D numerical experiments. Figure S1. Numerical modelling results of temperature by I2VIS for Jiaodong of E. China at ca. 120 Ma (A), SE coast of China at ca. 105 Ma (B), North America at ca. 120 Ma (C), South Peru (D), and North Chile at 110 Ma (E). Figure S2: Numerical modelling results of bulk strain by I2VIS for Jiaodong of East China at ca. 120 Ma (A), SE coast of China at c. 105 Ma (B), North America at ca. 120 Ma (C), South Peru (D), and North Chile at 110 Ma (E). Figure S3: Numerical modelling results by I2VIS for present (0 Ma) South America (A) and Solomon Islands (B). Supplemental Text: Reconstructing plate kinetics using GPlates and Rheological model. 
Fabrication of transparent ITO/GTO bilayer diode thin films
Authors: Chairul Imran Sutan , Echimoto Atsushi , Tazawa Ryutaro , Murai Kei-ichiro , Moriga Toshihiro
Published: March 2023

Transparent diodes were fabricated by layering a Ga–Sn–O (GTO) film onto an In2O3:Sn (ITO) film using a facing-targeted DC sputtering method. When a GTO film containing [Formula: see text] mol% Ga was deposited on the surface of the conductive ITO film at room temperature, a diode bilayer film was obtained.The bilayer film exhibited rectification characteristics of approximately 0 and 3.8 [Formula: see text]A/V when negative and positive voltages were applied, respectively. However, the rectification characteristics increased up to 68.3 [Formula: see text]A/V in the positive voltage applied region after annealed at 200[Formula: see text]C.
Review of "The Profession and Practice of Technical Communication by Yvonne Cleary," Cleary, Y. (2022). The profession and practice of technical communication. Routledge.
Authors: DeGenaro Anthony
Published: March 2023

Yvonne Cleary's
The Profession and Practice of Technical Communication
(2022) offers a narrative survey on communication design/technical communication as an academic field of study but also builds bridges between academic work (both pedagogical and research-oriented) to work environments and practitioners in the professional realm. Because of the book's organizational structure and approachable text, Cleary is highly successful both in her research and the presentation of it, creating a valuable resource for students and providing insight for field practitioners.