bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Si-ring quantum-well GAA nanowire FET for 5nm CMOS integration
Authors:   Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad,Telangana,India, Charan Gurijala Adi Ram , Rahul Janampally , Singh Pawar Amber , Naresh B
Published: January 2025

Short-channel effects are a series of phenomena that take place when the channel length of the MOSFET becomes approximately equal to the space charge regions of source and drain junctions with the substrate. They lead to a series of issues including polysilicon gate depletion effect, threshold voltage rolloff, drain- induced barrier lowering (DIBL), velocity saturation, reverse leakage current rise, mobility reduction, hot carrier effects, and similar other annoyances in 5nm scale of transistor. So, to overcome the short- channel effects, gate leakage, and increased variability various methods have been proposed in order to improve the performance of these devices, including the use of materials with high carrier mobility such as germanium or III–V materials, multi gate transistors, tunneling FET (TFET) structures, and structure quantum wells, any of which can significantly reduce SCE (short channel effect).In this paper Si-ring GAA NW FET has proposed due to it has lower static leakage current and a smaller subthreshold slope than conventional MOSFET and GAA, and a good level of electrostatic control is created in the channel due to the channel being surrounded by the cylindrical gate. The performance of the device and its electrical characteristics have been determined using sentaurus TCAD.
A Comprehensive Implementation and Analysis: Decentralized Organ Giving using Blockchain Dapp for Organ Donation
Authors: Reddy Dr. R Obulakonda , Srigiri Tejashree , Kauser Sana , Kauser Sana
Published: January 2025

Abstract—Current frameworks for organ
donation and transplantation numerous difficulties
with transplantation, organ retrieval
,transportation, benefactor-philanthropist
matching, and enrollment. A complex geology of
legal, medical, moral, and specialized restrictions
must be explored by these procedures. A thorough
organ blessing and transplantation plan is therefore
essential to ensure a reasonable and successful
preparation, idealizing endless experience and
promoting acceptance. Existing systems for organ
collection, preservation, and transplantation
frequently require transparency, function slowly,
and fall short of modern security requirements,
leading to problems similar to illegal organ trade or

therapeutic extortion. The proposed blockchain-
based platform improves the fairness and

profitability by automating the matching of donors
and recipients through smart contracts. This system
seamlessly integrates with healthcare databases,
ensuring the secure exchange of essential medical
data. By minimizing the risk of unauthorized access
and data breaches, it safeguards sensitive

information over the long term. Overall, this
decentralized platform fosters trust, addresses
patient concerns, and supports the handling of
unauthorized activities within the organ donation
sector.
Keywords: Blockchain, Transperency, Traceability,
Information Security,Transplantation,Decentralized
system
Bi-LSTM model for Sentimental Analysis for Recommendation and Classification on X Dataset
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering PES Institute of Technology & Management Shivamogga, Karnataka, India, R Rainita , K G Rakshitha , Ramesh Rashi , Banu Sumera , H L .Suchitra
Published: January 2025

In the era of rapid digital communication, social media platforms such as X offer valuable insights into public sentiment on various topics, including products and services. This project leverages a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model integrated with sentiment analysis to classify and recommend products based on user sentiments from X datasets. By analyzing tweets and categorizing them as positive, negative, or neutral, the system enhances the accuracy of sentiment-driven recommendations. This model addresses challenges like informal language and contextual nuances, which traditional models often overlook. Through rigorous data preprocessing, Bi-LSTM’s ability to capture bidirectional dependencies, and performance evaluation using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, our approach demonstrates significant improvements in sentiment classification accuracy. The developed system is not only capable of predicting sentiments but also providing actionable recommendations, making it a valuable tool for businesses and researchers.

Keywords—Sentiment Analysis, Bi-LSTM, X Dataset, Product Recommendation, Text Classification, Deep Learning
Medical Image Enhancement using Histogram Processing and Feature Extraction of Cancer Classification
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad,, Mohan Dr. J , Rakesh K. , Raviteja B. , Santhosh kumar N.
Published: January 2025

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a critical tool in medical diagnostics, particularly for cancer detection and classification. However, the quality of MRI images often suffers from noise, low contrast, and intensity inhomogeneity, which can hinder accurate diagnosis. Image enhancement techniques, such as histogram processing, play a crucial role in improving image quality by enhancing contrast and emphasizing important fea- tures. This paper explores the application of histogram processing for MRI image enhancement, focusing on contrast enhancement and noise reduction techniques.

The enhanced images are subsequently processed for feature extraction, which is crucial for the accurate classification of cancerous tissues. Key features such as texture, shape, and intensity are extracted to distinguish between malignant and be- nign tumors. The classification process utilizes machine learning algorithms, which are trained on the extracted features to achieve high accuracy in cancer classification. The proposed method demonstrates significant improvement in image quality, leading to better feature extraction and more accurate cancer diagnosis. This approach ultimately aids in early detection and improved treatment planning for patients.

Index Terms—Image enhancement, Histogram processing, Seg- mentation, Feature extraction, SVM classifier.
A Study on Ambedkar Thoughts and Perspectives of Economic Development: Relevance of Modern India
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Commerce  Govt Degree College for Women  Wanaparthy, Telangana State, Eswaraiah B
Published: January 2025

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, a towering figure in Indian history, made profound contributions to the economic thought and vision of modern India. His perspectives on economic development were rooted in the principles of social justice, equity, and inclusivity. Ambedkar advocated for structural reforms to address deep-rooted socio-economic inequalities, emphasizing the need for land redistribution, state ownership of key industries, and labour welfare to uplift marginalized communities. He envisioned an economic model that prioritized industrialization, rational taxation, and the empowerment of vulnerable groups, particularly Dalits and women.

Ambedkar’s insights on the integration of the rural economy with industrial growth, the eradication of caste-based discrimination, and the creation of an equitable labour market remain highly relevant to contemporary India. His emphasis on education, economic planning, and the Constitution's role in ensuring socio-economic rights offers valuable guidance for addressing challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality. This paper explores Ambedkar’s economic philosophy, its impact on India’s policy framework, and its enduring relevance in shaping an inclusive and sustainable modern India.

Keywords:

Ambedkar, economic development, social justice, inclusivity, industrialization, labour welfare, land reforms, modern India, equality, marginalized communities.
A Review on: Body Posture Detection and Motion Tracking using AI for Exercise
Authors:   RSR RCET,Bhilai, kaur Harpreet , Ansari Mohd. Shajid , jha Parineeta
Published: January 2025

Exercises that include physical activity are quite important in our day-to-day lives, and this is especially true for patients who are in the midst of the healing process and require their bodies to recover more quickly. As a direct result of this particular circumstance, the relevance of physical activity in our lives has grown. The enhancement of human capabilities and the extension of human lifespans are both made possible by them as the essential premise. The utilization of Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing has the potential to improve and supplement the process of working out, hence removing the necessity for the supervision of fitness professionals. During your training session, a motion tracker that is powered by software can not only monitor and record all of the exercises that you have completed, but it can also provide feedback on how your body is aligned. It is anticipated that the favorable efficiency of the activity would be improved by the utilization of computational data and analysis. Because of the nature of this application, the MediaPipe architecture could be utilized. In this machine learning model, points are plotted at various joints of the human body posture. The movement is then captured, stored, and evaluated once it has been recorded. This in-depth investigation of body tracking might be applied in the construction of an application that could monitor the medical exercise routine of a user who has registered for the program. It is possible that the programming might be improved such that it enables registered users to be connected with verified physicians who have access to the diagnostic reports and exercise history of the patients who correspond to them through databases.

.

Keywords: MediaPipe, BlazePose, BlazeFace, Bicep curls
Survey on Intelligent Document Processing: A Comprehensive Approach to Summarization, NER, Language Conversion, and Plagiarism Detection
Authors:   Dept. of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Engineering, PES’s Modern College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Avhad Prasanna , Jadhav Parag , Madbhavi Sudarshan , Devnale Ganesh , Ghuge Dr. C. A.
Published: January 2025

IDP technologies transform the way of information management of various domains with both education and law being on the list. A survey paper encompassing a complete overview of four highly critical modules: PDF/DOCX summarization, named entity recognition, English to Hindi language translation, and plagiarism detection is presented here. IDP technologies enrich academic integrity in the field of education, make easy the processes involved in research, and help bridge language gaps for an inclusive learning environment. From a legal perspective, such technologies would help improve efficiency regarding reviews of documents, contract analysis, and research; thus, professionals would make more certain strides to keep ahead of nonconformities. Some of the major challenges include domain-specific solutions, data quality, ethical concerns, and user-centric design. The paper strongly emphasizes the need for further research and development with integrated, effective, and accessible IDP tools that would meet user requirements over time.

Keywords: Intelligent Document Processing, PDF/DOCX Summarization, Named Entity Recognition, Language Conversion, Plagiarism Detection, Education, Legal Applications, Natural Language Processing, Academic Integrity, Document Review.
AI/ML Based Disease Prediction
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Engineering Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Handge Yogesh , Dhaytonde Sarthak , Kale Ajit , Labba Soham , Kasrewar Kartik
Published: January 2025

Symptom- grounded complaint vaticination has come in- creasingly important in healthcare due to the growing need for accurate, early judgments and substantiated treatment plans. Traditional opinion styles calculate heavily on mortal moxie, which can be time- consuming and prone to crimes, especially with complex or coinciding symptoms. The integration of machine literacy( ML) and deep literacy( DL) ways has significantly enhanced automated complaint vaticination systems, enabling briskly and more accurate prognostications. still, chal- lenges remain, particularly in handling deficient symptom data, perfecting vaticination delicacy for rare conditions, and icing model interpretability. This check paper reviews the current state of exploration in symptom- grounded complaint vaticination models, including machine literacy algorithms, cold-blooded approaches, and data preprocessing ways. It also explores recent advance- ments in using neural networks and natural language processing NLP) for symptom analysis. also, the check proposes a frame that combines multi-modal data emulsion, bettered algorithmic performance, and resolvable AI to give further de- pendable and interpretable prognostications. The check examines the technological inventions, challenges, and unborn operations of this approach in clinical decision support systems
Secure Route: Enhancing Route Safety Through Real-Time Updates and User Feedback
Authors: Logaiyan P , Ramakrishnan R , Hariharan S , Thamizhpathir S
Published: January 2025

The increasing prevalence of crime in urban
areas necessitates innovative solutions to enhance public
safety during navigation. This study presents the
"Secure Route" system, a community-driven web
application designed to provide real-time safe route
navigation and crime reporting capabilities. Drawing
insights from existing frameworks, the application
integrates user feedback, crowdsourced data, and
geolocation-based updates to assess route safety.
Leveraging techniques such as risk assessment, heatmap
visualization, and collaborative data filtering, the system
enables users to identify safer routes while avoiding
crime-prone areas. This research highlights the
importance of community engagement and real-time
data in creating a responsive and adaptive safety
navigation platform. SecureWalk offers a novel
approach to urban safety by fostering collaboration
between users and leveraging GIS technologies for
informed decision-making. The integration of AI- driven
models for analyzing crime patterns and predicting
future risks further enhances the accuracy and reliability
of the system’s recommendations. By combining
collaborative filtering, user feedback, and advanced
geospatial analytics, SecureWalk aims to improve both
individual safety and community awareness, fostering a
safer environment for urban commuters.

Keywords: Secure Route, Community-driven, Real-
time navigation, Crime reporting Geolocation-based

updates, Heatmap visualization
BUS PASS GENERATION (BLOCKCHAIN)
Authors: Journal ISJEM
Published: January 2025

Blockchain technology is used in the smart
bus pass generator project to transform conventional bus
pass management systems. This project aims to create a
transparent, decentralized, and safe solution to common
problems including fraud prevention, inefficient
processes, and a lack of data-driven planning. We aim to
improve the overall experience for passengers and
increase operational efficiency for transit authorities by

implementing features like tamper-proof storage, real-
time analytics, and automated pass validation. Data

collecting, blockchain implementation, feature
integration, and system evaluation are all covered in
length in this paper, which also concludes with a
demonstration of the system's functionality and possible
real-world uses. Keywords: Decentralized Systems,

Blockchain, Smart Bus Pass, Fraud Prevention, and Real-
time Analytics.
The Influence of Authentic Leadership and Work Environment with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable on Employee Performance in Construction Company PT. XYZ
Authors: Kusuma Awang Pandhu , Wanasida Albert Surya
Published: January 2025

The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of genuine leadership and the working environment on employee productivity, with job contentment as a intervening factor, at PT XYZ, a construction firm. A quantitative method was employed, involving the distribution of questionnaires to 50 PT XYZ employees for data collection. The connection between variables was examined using the PLS-SEM approach. The outcomes indicated that the working environment has a favourable and noteworthy effect on job satisfaction, while genuine leadership does not significantly influence job satisfaction or employee productivity. Moreover, job satisfaction does not serve as a mediator between the two independent variables and employee performance. The implication of this research highlights the significance of enhancing genuine leadership styles to promote a positive working environment and enhance overall employee productivity.
Pengaruh Understaffing terhadap Stres Kerja Pegawai: Peran Dukungan Sosial sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Kurniawati Fitria Dwi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of understaffing on employee work stress with the role of social support as a moderating variable. This study focuses on employees of PT XYZ, a company facing operational challenges due to labor shortages. The research method used was quantitative with an explanatory approach, involving 29 employees selected through purposive sampling. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results showed that understaffing has a significant positive influence on job stress. In addition, social support was shown to positively moderate the relationship, which means that social support can weaken the negative impact of understaffing on job stress. These findings support the Job Demand-Resource (JD-R) theory and provide practical implications for management to improve employee well-being through social support programs. This study also makes a theoretical contribution in understanding the role of work resources in managing high job demands.
Dog Raising in Jorong Kapalo Koto Nagari Gantung Ciri Kubung Subdistrict, Solok Regency (Study Living Hadith)
Authors: Maiyati Riri , Alhafiza Rahma Ghania , Hanum Sarmida , Ismiati Ismiati
Published: January 2025

This article aims to present the tradition of dog raising, the treatment of pet owners towards their pet dogs, and its implications on the community in Jorong Kapalo Koto, Nagari Gantung Ciri, Kubung District, Solok Regency. This research is a qualitative descriptive field research as a problem-solving procedure investigated by describing and depicting the condition of the subjects or objects of research based on visible facts or as they are in the field. This research is also based on living Hadith as it provides a unique and profound perspective on the phenomena being studied. This study will reveal and elaborate aspects such as the history or the origin of dog keeping in Jorong Kapalo Koto, the acquisition of pet dogs by the local community, the breeds preferred and abandoned, motivations for dog ownership, healthcare practices for ill dogs, dietary habits of pet dogs, waste management, and the overall influence of dog caregiving in Jorong Kapalo Koto. All these aspects are analyzed based on the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him). The findings of this research provide insights into the dynamics between religious teachings and daily practices in a local context, as well as the social implications of dog keeping in this rural Muslim community.
Rights And Obligations Husband Towards Wife in Islam (A Maudhu’I Hadith Study)
Authors: Ananda Yassinta , Amir Rivaldi
Published: January 2025

Husband and wife relationship is the main pillar in household life. Islam regulates the rights and obligations of husbands and wives in a balanced manner to create a family that is sakinah, mawaddah, and warahmah. This research aims to analyze the rights and obligations of husbands towards wives in the perspective of hadith, focusing on maudhu'i hadith studies. This research uses a qualitative method with a maudhu'i (thematic) approach. Primary data were obtained from the traditions on the rights and obligations of husbands towards their wives referred to in the books of miftah kunuz al-sunnah or mu'jam al-muhfahras li alfadz al-hadith, while secondary data were obtained from relevant previous scientific research. Data analysis was conducted using the descriptive-analytic method. The results show that Islam gives balanced rights and obligations to husbands and wives. The husband's rights towards his wife include maintenance, obedience, and maintaining the husband's honor. The husband's obligations towards his wife include leading the family, protecting, and providing affection. Within the perspective of rights and duties, a variety of interpretations are found that can affect the practice of daily life. The correlation between the maudhu'i traditions and the implementation of the rights and duties of husbands towards wives is also a concern, where a proper understanding of Islamic teachings can form the basis for a balanced and respectful relationship. Thus increasing the awareness of both husband and wife about their respective rights and obligations. And help in building a household life that is sakinah, mawaddah, and warahmah
The Implementation Musnad Ilaih in Communication and Its Impct in The Interpretation of the Qur’an
Authors: Amri Saiful , Fitri Aulia
Published: January 2025

This article aims to extrapolate the effect of using musnad ilaihi in establishing effective communication from the perspective of ma'ni science and the impact of musnad Ilahi in the interpretation of Qur'anic verses. This study used a qualitative approach as it aimed to narrate and analyze the effect of musnad ilaihi in Qur'anic and Hariam communication and its contribution to the interpretation of Qur'anic verses. The results of this study indicate that musnad ilaihi as part of the study of Qur'anic balaghah has a contribution in interpreting the verses of the Qur'an as in the use of QS.Al Insyirah verses 5-6 which explain the use of musnad ilaihi to explain if both arem nakirah, then the meaning of the second ism nakirah is different from the meaning of the first ism nakirah.
Use Of Public Roads For Walimah Urusy Events (Case Study In Tahtul Yaman Village, Pelayang, Jambi City)
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Iqbal , Yani Fitri , Nugroho Bambang Husni , Mustaniruddin Ahmad , Syachrofi Muhammad
Published: January 2025

This research is motivated by the current phenomenon in urban areas in particular, where many people hold wedding parties but do not rent a building for the reception. They are hampered by the availability of a suitable place if they do it around the house, many of them only use public roads partially or close them for the celebration. This causes some road users to experience difficulties, resulting in frequent obstruction of the activity of vehicles wishing to pass, especially in Tahtul Yaman Village, Jambi City. This research aims to see the hadith perspective regarding this phenomenon. This research uses field research and library research which uses qualitative methods with an emphasis on written sources, especially matters relating to the hadith of Sahih Muslim no. 58. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. As well as using the theory of fahm al-hadith and i'tibar sanad hadith. The results of this research found that the use of public roads for the Walimah Urusy event from a hadith perspective, as per the hadith narrative about the embodiment of "lowest faith," is actually about removing distractions from the road, namely keeping away everything that disturbs people, such as stones, bones, glass, thorns, and so forth. As for the practice of the Tahtul Yemen Community, using only half a road or closing it is haram, what is done as a custom at the walimah event is an act that is not in accordance with the spirit and spirit of this hadith.
The Perception of Congregants Towards the Tafsir Al-Ibriz Study (Living Qur’an Study at Majelis Ta’lim Masjid Sabilun Najah)
Authors: Nafillah Fahma , Muhammad Alfet Robi' Nur
Published: January 2025

This study discusses the response of the congregants towards the existence of a majelis ta'lim (Islamic study group). In this majelis ta'lim, there is a study of tafsir al-Ibriz, which not only explains the interpretation of the Qur'an but also includes discussions about everyday life. The focus of this research is to examine the congregants' perceptions of the tafsir al-Ibriz  study, the factors influencing their participation in this study, and how the study is implemented in the majelis ta'lim at Masjid Sabilun Najah. This is a qualitative study using descriptive qualitative research methods. The sources of data include Ustadz Ainur Rofiq, the teacher at the Sabilun Najah majelis ta'lim, and several congregants who attend the tafsir al-Ibriz  study. Data collection methods include interviews with the teacher and some congregants, observations during the implementation of the tafsir al-Ibriz study, and documentation for supporting records. The findings of this study indicate that the congregants' response to the existence of this study is very positive. The congregants expressed positivity because they wish to deepen their religious knowledge and strengthen their faith. The factors influencing their participation in the study include the desire to increase their religious knowledge, improve themselves, and seek rewards for their life in both this world and the hereafter.
Hadith Of Commandment Killing Snakes In The Book Of Sunan Abu Daud: Textual And Contextual Understanding
Authors: Khaira Miftahul , Nisa Afdilla
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand the hadith concerning the command to kill snakes and to enhance knowledge and comprehension for practical application in daily life. Snakes, as legless reptiles with elongated, scaly bodies, play a crucial role in the food chain. Prophet Muhammad SAW once instructed Al-Abbas ibn Abdul Muthalib to kill small snakes in the Zamzam well and emphasized in another hadith that not killing them would mean not being part of the Prophet's community. This research employs a qualitative library research method, utilizing primary and secondary sources, with primary reference to the Kitab Sunan Abi Dawud. The hadiths were collected through takhrij and analyzed both textually and contextually. The analysis results indicate that textually, Rasulullah commanded to kill all types of snakes, especially those in the house after being warned for three days. However, contextually, only venomous snakes that pose a threat and danger should be killed to prevent extinction, considering the important role of snakes in controlling the population of other animals.
الابتسامة في حياة الرسول محمد (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) دراسة تاريخية تحليلية
Authors: عواد طفطاف عبد الحسين الحجاج نور
Published: January 2025

يعد النبي (ص) أبرز شخصية في التاريخ الإسلامي بشكل خاص والتاريخ العالمي بشكل عام ، فقد أغرق الدنيا بآثاره الكثيرة علما ً وعملا ً ، فأصبح مرجعا ً في جوانب حياتية كثيرة ، ومنها في مجال التربية الاجتماعية والتي وظف لها وسائل مختلفة ومنها الابتسامة ، تلك الوسيلة التي قد لا يلتفت إليها الكثير ، ولكنها عظيمة جدا ً في أثرها في النفوس ، ولذلك كان النبي (ص) كثير التبسم ، حتى أحبه أصحابه وذابوا في عشقه والتفاني في طاعته بكل ما يملكون حتى أرواحهم يقدمونها له ويشعرون بالتقصير أمامه ، نعم إنها ابتسامته التي كانت تشعرهم بالاطمئنان والأمان إذا ما رأوا وجهه المبارك .
نظرة استشرافية في أحكام وثيقة الاعلام المسبق في عقد الفرانشايز
Authors: هادي التميمي بشير
Published: January 2025

يعتبر نظام الامتياز نظاما ناجحا على المستوى العالمي لنقل المشاريع الإنتاجية ونقل (المعرفة/المعرفة العادلة) بين كافة دول العالم، حيث يعمل هذا النظام على سهولة التوسع والانتشار بأقل رأس مال للشركات المانحة للامتياز وتقديم نفس جودة المنتج والخدمة وتحت نفس العلامة التجارية للشركات الحائزة على الامتياز وهنا تتحقق الفوائد لكلا الطرفين. ويتعين على مانح الامتياز أن يزود المستفيد المحتمل من الامتياز بكل المعلومات اللازمة للسماح بعملية اتخاذ القرار المدروسة. ويتعين عليه أن يزود المستفيد المحتمل من الامتياز بوثيقة معلومات ما قبل التعاقد، "وثيقة الإفصاح عن الامتياز (FDD)/وثيقة المعلومات ما قبل التعاقد (DIP)" قبل توقيع العقد، أو قبل أي دفع متعلق به. تكشف الوثيقة عن معلومات واسعة النطاق حول مانح الامتياز ومنظمة الامتياز والتي تهدف إلى إعطاء صاحب الامتياز المحتمل معلومات كافية في عملية اتخاذ القرار. يجب أن تقدم الوثيقة معلومات صادقة، مما يسمح لصاحب الامتياز بالالتزام بهذا العقد مع العلم الكامل بالشروط التجارية والقانونية والمالية.
An Analysis of Word-Sentence Lengths and Readability Levels of Texts in Primary School Turkish Textbooks
Authors: Öncü Burak
Published: January 2025

A large portion of educational activities in Turkey is conducted through textbooks. This is also true for teaching Turkish. Therefore, students' competency in reading and understanding their native language depends on the appropriateness of textbook texts to students' developmental, age, and knowledge levels. One of the important criteria in evaluating textbook texts is readability. This research aimed to examine the word and sentence lengths along with readability levels of texts in primary school (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade) Turkish textbooks. The study was conducted using a descriptive survey design. The study materials consist of texts from primary school Turkish textbooks published by the Ministry of National Education (MEB) Publications, which began to be used in the Fall Semester of the 2024-2025 Academic Year. Poems and listening texts were excluded from the research scope. In data analysis, readability formulas developed by Ateşman (1997), Çetinkaya-Uzun (2010), and Bezirci-Yılmaz (2010) were used. Research results revealed that word lengths in textbook texts did not show a regular increase according to grade level, but sentence lengths increased with grade level. The Kruskal-Wallis H test found statistically significant differences in word and sentence lengths across grade levels. When examining the readability levels of primary school Turkish textbook texts, they were generally found to be medium according to Ateşman Readability Level and at educational level according to Çetinkaya-Uzun Readability Level. According to Bezirci-Yılmaz Readability Level, texts in first and second-grade Turkish textbooks were at primary school level, while texts in third and fourth grades were at high school level. This situation revealed that readability scores and levels of texts at the same grade level vary according to different formulas.
More confidence more critical: Investigating secondary mathematics preservice teachers’ use of an Artificial Intelligence chatbot as a curriculum development tool
Authors: Aga Zareen Gul , Sawyer Amanda Gantt , Wolfe Marcus
Published: January 2025

The manuscript shares findings from a study engaging secondary mathematics preservice teachers using Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots to design mathematics lesson plans. Phenomenology was employed to investigate how six secondary preservice teachers used AI chatbots and navigated this new resource compared to their knowledge and experience in developing culturally responsive mathematics lesson plans that included mathematics and social justice goals. Our data analysis revealed that PSTs’ confidence in their Mathematical Content Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge allowed them to be critical of using AI-generated lesson plans. This finding contrasted with previous research on elementary education preservice teachers who gave away their decision-making agency to AI chatbots, especially about mathematics. The data suggests that the secondary PSTs had confidence in their Mathematical and Pedagogical Content Knowledge, making them more critical of the AI-generated lesson plans. The findings also indicate that AI tools can help teachers learn about Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK). Overall, the data stressed the need to support PSTs in using AI chatbots critically. The implications of this study provide possible ways to help PSTs overcome their overconfidence in AI chatbots and imply that more professional development tools and programs must be constructed to help inservice teachers use AI tools.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding use of malaria prevention measures among pregnant women in Busia County, Kenya
Authors: Sudoi Raymond , Onono Maricianah , Nyaberi Jackline
Published: January 2025

Malaria poses severe health risks for pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Kenya, where it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) and Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), utilization remains low, necessitating studies on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) to inform effective interventions. In a parallel-group randomized trial (September 2023 to February 2024), 156 pregnant women aged 15–49 in Busia County were block-randomized to receive either SMS reminders on ITN and IPTp use (intervention group) or no reminders (control group). Primary outcomes were ITN utilization and IPTp adherence. Using a structured questionnaire, a KAP assessment was conducted regarding ITNs and IPTp for malaria prevention. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured from all the participants. Healthcare providers and Community Health Workers (CHWs) were key information sources at baseline; post-intervention, SMS reminders became significant in the intervention group (46%). ITN use remained high across both groups, while IPTp recall, and adherence improved. Positive attitudes (>90%) and high perceived severity (94%-98%) persisted. Post-intervention, the intervention group showed greater perceived benefits (19% vs. 8%, p=0.018), and self-efficacy remained high, supporting SMS feasibility and acceptability. Strong adherence to ITN and IPTp use was driven by high perceptions of malaria’s severity and the benefits of preventive measures, underscoring the importance of ongoing education.Combining CHW education with SMS reminders may enhance malaria prevention in pregnant women, supporting sustained practices and improving maternal and infant health in high-risk areas.
Roles of social workers in bridging the gap between social policy and social action in youth unemployment in Nigeria
Authors: Fajimi Babatunde Ayoola
Published: January 2025

Youth unemployment remains a persistent social issue in Nigeria, despite the implementation of social welfare policies and proactive measures by stakeholders in the social sector. Current interventions often do not match ongoing social actions hence the need for multisectoral approaches to address the problem. This study investigates the roles of social workers in bridging the gap between social policy and social action in order to mitigate youth unemployment in Nigeria. A correlational survey research design was utilised for this study. The study's population consisted of 6,047 registered social workers and the sample size of 360 participants was calculated using the Krejcie and Morgan table. The study employed a multi-stage sampling technique, incorporating disproportionate simple random sampling, purposive sampling, and snowball sampling, to select participants from the Social Work associations across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. The validity of the research instrument was confirmed by expert scholars, and a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.86 was obtained from a pilot study involving participants not included in the main sample. The questionnaire was administered electronically and responses analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study identified a relationship between social policy and social action but there is no synergy between policy formulation and social action. Consequently, the roles of social workers were not integrated into the interactions between social policy and social action. The government, Social Work professional associations, and other stakeholders should incentivise social workers to offer innovative interventions to unemployed youth in overcoming the challenges of unemployment and transitioning to entrepreneurship.
Can SMS reminders improve utilization of malaria prevention strategies among pregnant women in Busia County?
Authors: Sudoi Raymond , Nyaberi Jackline , Otieno George , Onono Maricianah
Published: January 2025

Despite extensive efforts to promote Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) and Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (IPTp), utilization rates among pregnant women remain suboptimal. Leveraging Kenya's extensive mobile networks, this study evaluated whether SMS text-message reminders could improve and sustain the use of these malaria prevention strategies. A parallel-group randomized trial was conducted from September 2023 to February 2024, enrolling 156 pregnant women aged 15–49 years from Busia County, Kenya. Participants were block randomized into an intervention group, receiving SMS reminders on ITN and IPTp use for 5 months, or a control group with no text messages. The primary outcomes were ITN utilization and adherence to IPTp dosing as per Kenyan guidelines. McNemar’s test assessed changes in paired proportions pre- and post-intervention. At baseline, ITN utilization was high, with 95% in the control and 88% in the intervention group, with no significant changes observed post-intervention. However, IPTp adherence significantly increased in both groups (control: χ² = 37.1, p < 0.001; intervention: χ² = 45.0, p < 0.001). High ITN use at baseline, likely due to robust community health worker (CHW) outreach, may have limited the SMS intervention’s impact on ITN utilization. However, significant increases in IPTp adherence were observed in both groups, suggesting that CHW outreach was effective, with SMS reminders possibly reinforcing IPTp adherence in the intervention group. These findings highlight the potential of combining CHW outreach with SMS reminders to enhance malaria prevention, particularly for IPTp adherence, in high-risk areas.
The role of HR practices, big data analytics and innovation in fostering supply chain risk resilience and organizational sustainability
Authors: Aljuaid Abdulrahman Awadh , Alqahtani Faisal Saad , Albarakati Sultan Ahmed Mohammed , Alomari Yazeed Abdullah
Published: January 2025

This study explores the factors influencing logistics firms' risk resilience during crisis periods, with a focus on HR practices, big data analytics capabilities, and innovation. The research further examines the moderating role of disruptive events in the relationship between risk resilience and organizational sustainability. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing data collected from 156 employees through a structured questionnaire. The findings demonstrate that the proposed framework has significant predictive capability, with Q² values of 36.6% for risk resilience and 41% for organizational sustainability. The analysis highlights that HR practices, employee development, big data analytics talent and management capabilities, and innovation collectively explain 52.3% of the variance in supply chain risk resilience. Moreover, the combined effect of risk resilience and responses to disruptive events accounts for 55% of the variance in organizational sustainability. These findings emphasize the importance of prioritizing data analytics talent development, effective HR practices, and proactive response strategies to enhance the risk resilience and sustainability of logistics firms. Practical implications suggest that policymakers and industry leaders should focus on improving these critical factors to better navigate challenges posed by crises and disruptive events. This research contributes novel insights into the determinants of supply chain risk resilience and organizational sustainability, offering a valuable framework for strengthening the logistics sector's adaptability and long-term viability in a dynamic and uncertain business environment.
Ransomware and its future trends: A scientometric analysis
Authors: Mohanty Kuldeep , Goswami Veena , Qurashi Shahazad Niwazi , Barik Rabindra Kumar
Published: January 2025

The research article investigates an ever-evolving knowledge mapping of ransomware using the CiteSpace Visualization tool. The foundation for this research is the body of scientific literature on ransomware that was extracted between 2013 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The study methodology is a five-step procedure that follows a systematic approach from data collection to bibliometric analysis using Citespace, identifying hot research topics, analyzing the results, and offering future research paths. It provides cited reference analysis, author and country cooperation networks and co-citation networks, institution collaboration networks, annual publishing patterns, and journal co-citation analysis. Using keyword co-occurrence analysis, it also provides information about hot research topics and emerging trends that pertain to ransomware. The findings identify the most influential authors, countries, and institutions that have actively contributed to ransomware research. The current study also identifies emerging trends and hot research topics, thus providing future research directions in these areas. Ransomware is a highly sophisticated type of malware that has become a dynamic threat to the cyberspace during the last ten years. Technological and IT infrastructure developments have increased the attack surface. The capability of ransomware to wreak havoc in cyberspace has made it a persistent danger. Therefore, it is essential to carry out comprehensive research using scientometric analysis to address the worldwide landscape of ransomware and provide insights into its current situation.
Human stochastics: Unconscious, ratiomorphic processes as the foundation of perception and learning
Authors: Schwarzfischer Klaus
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how unconscious-ratiomorphic processes are fundamental for all perceptions and learnings in general. This is especially relevant due to artificial intelligence (AI) is presenting us with new challenges. So, the “end of all theory“ has even been announced as a provocation to scientific theory — because ample correlations are supposedly sufficient from a pragmatic point of view. Is this really a loss? The answer is: No, because there have never been real certainties in the philosophical sense. However, people generally find uncertainty unpleasant, as psychology and cognitive science prove. There are theoretical and practical reasons: If we dispense with “causality“, methodological abysses open up. Our everyday life also relies on causality, because responsibility seems impossible without it. So, is “technical stochastics“ incomprehensible, useless or even dangerous in the age of AI? No, because we can't model cognitive reality using only conscious-rational processes (as demanded by epistemological rationalists). However, perception and learning are based on unconscious-ratiomorphic processes — what we call “human stochastics“. Humans are not passive beings. Rather, they constantly carry out active inferences based on epistemic actions. The brain uses Bayesian statistics to minimize “prediction errors“. As a “predictive mind“, it uses a hierarchical multi-level model to simultaneously examine invariances at various granularities — and thus improves the prediction of action effects. Perception and learning are understood as stochastic processes. Taken literally, “human stochastics“ is unavoidable, childishly simple and commonplace. Hence, with “human stochastics“ we can model the “actual genesis“ of percepts and learning dynamics in detail.
Artificial Intelligence: Legal and Ethical Perspectives in the Health Care Sector
Authors: Farooqui Mohammad Owais , Qureshi Tahir , Kisswani Nazzal , Mishra Dhananjay Kumar
Published: January 2025

In this study, the researchers aim to establish how Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the health care industry and the ethical and legal issues pertaining to the use of such technology in this organization. The study provides recommendations for implementing value-adding measures to ensure the safe, secure, and ethical use of AI in healthcare, as well as addressing important concerns and providing solutions to effectively implement AI. Using a quantitative research design, the study uses primary and secondary data to critically analyze relevant literature and existing information. It highlights key challenges that come about because of the current boundaries of regulating AI in healthcare, including but not limited to informed consent, transparency, privacy, data protection, and fairness. The study is fundamentally important to the theory and practice of the implementation of AI technologies, as it illustrates the high potential of using them in the sphere of patient care and, at the same time, cites significant ethical and legal issues in their application. To fully achieve the rightly hailed benefits of AI in health care, we must address these issues. To use the AI components responsibly, rules and regulations of ethical and legal standards must change to accommodate key concerns such as consent, ownership, disclosure, and bias. These measures are critically important to centralize patient rights protection and build confidence in health care organizations. Consequently, this study offers practical policy implications that policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and technologists should consider when implementing regulatory policies. Thus, on one hand, such frameworks allow bringing innovation into the field of healthcare by AI while, on the other hand, maintaining compliance to guarantee that such solutions will be both effective and fair.
El comportamiento de la fecundidad en el Noroeste argentino entre 2015 y 2020
Authors: Loyola Víctor Francisco , Andrada Marcos Javier , Bertone Carola Leticia
Published: January 2025

In an effort to comprehend the changes in fertility in northwestern Argentina, this study aims to analyze fertility patterns between 2015 and 2020. The rationale for this research lies in the significance of examining how fertility has evolved in recent years in the region. Through a quantitative and descriptive analysis, using data obtained from the Department of Health Statistics and Information (DEIS), Specific Fertility Rates (SFR) and Total Fertility Rates (TFR) were calculated. TFRs were categorized into those falling below 2.1 (replacement level), 1.6 (low fertility level), and 1.3 (very low fertility level) children on average per woman. The low fertility models proposed by the UN in 1963 were applied to analyze SFRs, identifying three fertility regimes: early, extended, and late. The change in SFRs for ages 15 to 19 was observed, along with its relationship with the rest of the age groups. The results reveal that, during the period 2015-2020, fertility in the regional average and in the provinces of the northwest of Argentina decreased significantly. TFRs fell below the minimum replacement threshold and, in some cases, even reached levels of low and very low fertility, ranging from 1.6 to 1.3 children on average per woman. Additionally, there was a concentration of births among women in the 25 to 29-year-old age group.
La Internacional Socialista de Mujeres y los orígenes del Día Internacional de la Mujer Trabajadora (1907-1917)
Authors: Luparello Velia Sabrina , Giorgis Emiliano
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the origin and objectives of the celebration of International Women's Day based on the study of North American and German socialists framed in the Socialist Women's International. The work focuses on discussions about the “woman question” and the fight for universal women's suffrage within the socialist parties of Germany and the United States, in particular about the relationship that socialists had to maintain with bourgeois feminist movements. Through qualitative documentary analysis, we will try to demonstrate that International Women's Day was an initiative of the Socialist Women's International, with great prominence of the German and American sections, as part of the fight for universal women's suffrage and to obtain better working and living conditions for workers. The commemoration of this date was articulated as an instance of agitation and propaganda of long-term political work that socialist women had been developing among working women since the end of the 19th century within the framework of the Second International.