bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequential olefination–dimerisation of benzylic dithioacetals by the nickel-catalysed reaction with methyl Grignard or zinc reagent
Authors: Yu Lei , Lai Guo-Qiao , Zhang Pinglu , Li Ze , Luh Tien-Yau
Published: March 2022

The nickel-catalyzed olefination of benzylic dithioacetal with MeMgI or the corresponding zinc reagent generates Mg(ii) or Zn(ii) mercaptide which converts 2-arylpropene into dimer regioselectively.
Bromo-lactamization of isoxazole via neighboring group participation: toward spiro-isoxazoline γ- and δ-lactams
Authors: Das Prasanta , Carter Cord , Shaheen Gulrukh , Hamme Ashton T.
Published: March 2022

An efficient bromo-lactamization mediated neighboring group participation approach for synthesizing a novel 3D framework, spiro-isoxazoline-lactam, was developed.
Lipophilic antioxidant dodecyl caffeate preparation by the esterification of caffeic acid with dodecanol using ionic liquid [Hnmp]HSO4 as a catalyst
Authors: Liu Xuejing , Chen Xiaowei , Zhang Hao , Sun Shangde
Published: March 2022

Lipophilic antioxidant dodecyl caffeate preparation by the esterification of caffeic acid with dodecanol using ionic liquid [Hnmp]HSO4 as a novel catalyst.
A dynamic DNA nanosponge for triggered amplification of gene-photodynamic modulation
Authors: Luo Dan , Lin Xue , Zhao Yun , Hu Jialing , Mo Fengye , Song Gege , Zou Zhiqiao , Wang Fuan , Liu Xiaoqing
Published: March 2022

Oligonucleotide drug delivery approach is provided with a biomimetic, dynamic DNA nanomaterial, which enables disease gene regulation and auxiliary therapy in a controllable and self-boosting manner.
Ebselen abolishes vascular dysfunction in influenza A virus-induced exacerbations of cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation in mice
Authors: Brassington Kurt , Chan Stanley M.H. , De Luca Simone N. , Dobric Aleksandar , Almerdasi Suleman A. , Mou Kevin , Seow Huei Jiunn , Oseghale Osezua , Bozinovski Steven , Selemidis Stavros , Vlahos Ross
Published: March 2022

People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are susceptible to respiratory infections which exacerbate pulmonary and/or cardiovascular complications, increasing their likelihood of death. The mechanisms driving these complications remain unknown but increased oxidative stress has been implicated. Here we investigated whether influenza A virus (IAV) infection, following chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, worsens vascular function and if so, whether the antioxidant ebselen alleviates this vascular dysfunction. Male BALB/c mice were exposed to either room air or CS for 8 weeks followed by inoculation with IAV (Mem71, 1 × 104.5 pfu). Mice were treated with ebselen (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (5% w/v CM-cellulose in water) daily. Mice were culled 3- and 10-days post-infection, and their lungs lavaged to assess inflammation. The thoracic aorta was excised to investigate endothelial and smooth muscle dilator responses, expression of key vasodilatory and oxidative stress modulators, infiltrating immune cells and vascular remodelling. CS increased lung inflammation and caused significant vascular endothelial dysfunction, which was worsened by IAV infection. CS-driven increases in vascular oxidative stress, aortic wall remodelling and suppression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were not affected by IAV infection. CS and IAV infection significantly enhanced T cell recruitment into the aortic wall. Ebselen abolished the exaggerated lung inflammation, vascular dysfunction and increased T cell infiltration in CS and IAV-infected mice. Our findings showed that ebselen treatment abolished vascular dysfunction in IAV-induced exacerbations of CS-induced lung inflammation indicating it may have potential for the treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities seen in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD).
To Thicken or Not to Thicken: Exploring the Use of Math-Based Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Benson Doreen , Barnes George
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

The goal of this clinical focus article was to explore the utility of a mathematical prediction model (Bayes' theorem) in dysphagia management.

Conclusions:

Bayes' theorem shows promise as a means of incorporating evidence-based care into individual patient consultations by predicting both the risk of pneumonia and the impact of speech-language pathology and care team interventions on that risk. However, more research is needed on risk factors for pneumonia and the prevalence of pneumonia before the model can be accurately applied to clinical decision-making for patients with dysphagia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19393802
Quasi-periodic eruptions from the helium envelope of hydrogen-deficient stars stripped by supermassive black holes
Authors: Zhao Z. Y. , Wang Y. Y. , Zou Y. C. , Wang F. Y. , Dai Z. G.
Published: March 2022

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs), a new kind of X-ray burst with a recurrence time of several hours, have been detected from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. Recently, the two QPEs discovered by the eROSITA showed asymmetric light curves with a fast rise and a slow decline. Current models cannot explain the observational characteristics of QPEs. In this work, we show that QPEs can be generated from the Roche lobe overflows at each periapsis passage of an evolved star orbiting a SMBH. The properties of the companion stars are constrained via analytic estimations. We find that hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars are promising candidates for exhibiting this phenomenon. We used the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) stellar evolution code to construct the hydrogen-deficient stars that can fulfill the requirements, as obtained through analytical estimates, to produce the properties of QPEs, including the fast-rise and slow-decay light curves, periods, energetics, and rates. Furthermore, the extreme mass ratio ∼105 between the SMBH and the donor leads to a phenomenon called extreme mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI), producing millihertz gravitational waves. These QPEs would be detected as EMRI sources with electromagnetic counterparts for space-based GW detectors, such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and Tianqin. These instruments would provide a new way to measure the Hubble constant and further test the Hubble constant tension.
Smooth Output-to-State Stability for multistable systems on compact manifolds
Authors: Forni Paolo , Angeli David
Published: March 2022

Output-to-State Stability (OSS) is a notion of detectability for nonlinear systems that is formulated in the ISS framework. We generalize the notion of OSS for systems which possess a decomposable invariant set and evolve on compact manifolds. Building upon a recent extension of the ISS theory for this very class of [systems [D. Angeli and D. Efimov, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control 60 (2015) 3242–3256.], the paper provides equivalent characterizations of the OSS property in terms of asymptotic estimates of the state trajectories and, in particular, in terms of existence of smooth Lyapunov-like functions.
Self-organization mechanisms in a Fe-Au film: from isolated core-shell to multicore nanoparticles
Authors: Combettes Ségolène , Hungria Teresa , Barre Sophie , Pecassou Béatrice , Cours Robin , Benoit Magali , Casanove Marie-José , Ponchet Anne , Benzo Patrizio
Published: March 2022

Many nanotechnological applications necessitate a high density of nanoparticles (NPs), making NP morphology control highly challenging. In this work, the morphology of bimetallic NPs formed by magnetron sputtering deposition of a Fe(3 nm)-Au(2 nm) bilayer film on an amorphous silica substrate is analyzed using high-angle dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). While all the NPs adopt a Fe-Au core-shell chemical order, they can be sorted into three different types. Isolated NPs, displaying either a highly symmetric centered core geometry (CC-type) or an asymmetrical off-centered core geometry (OC-type), are observed despite the rather large metallic volume. The majority of the NPs however displays a multicore geometry, with Fe cores in the 10-12 nm range, larger than the NPs observed in a pure Fe (3nm) film grown under identical conditions. The driving forces leading to the different morphologies are discussed together with the role played by the environnement.
Panorama de la recherche en psychomotricité
Authors: Rodriguez Marc
Published: March 2022

Dans cet article un panorama des recherches d’hier et d’aujourd’hui en psychomotricité est proposé. Ce panorama souligne qu’en dépit des difficultés à effectuer des recherches paramédicales en France le champ de la recherche en psychomotricité est particulièrement développé, diversifié et riche. Cette diversité, dans les champs d’investigation comme dans les méthodologies utilisées est le gage de la vigueur de cette jeune profession mais rend complexe une représentation homogène de cette discipline. La mise en place dans un avenir proche d’une école doctorale spécifique en psychomotricité pose la question de savoir si on veut maintenir cette diversité qui fait la richesse de la profession où si à l’image du modèle anglo-saxon la psychomotricité est en passe de se scinder en plusieurs spécialisations.
L’adolescent, les parents et les psys
Authors: Schmit Gérard
Published: March 2022

Cet article traite de l’aide pédopsychiatrique pour certains adolescents qui vont mal de façon prolongée et expriment leur souffrance par des symptômes externalisés (passages à l’acte, violence, tentatives de suicides...). Il insiste sur le fait que de tels adolescents sont en décalage avec les représentations socioculturelles les plus courantes concernant l’adolescence, parfois aussi avec celles de certains professionnels qu’ils rencontrent. Souvent, ils ne sont pas tant acteurs d’un processus d’autonomisation et d’affirmation de soi que prisonniers d’un blocage des liens intrafamiliaux. L’établissement d’un lien personnel avec eux peut s’avérer très difficile. Aussi leurs difficultés sont à considérer sous l’angle d’une « clinique de situation » prenant en compte le système d’appartenance de l’adolescent. Bien que l’incertitude évolutive soit importante, quelques éléments peuvent favoriser le projet de soins : l’accueil bienveillant d’une demande diffractée et portée par plusieurs personnes, l’implication des parents voire d’autres proches dans les consultations, la multiplicité et la diversité des soignants de façon à assurer la continuité des soins pour une durée suffisante. Une observation clinique de plusieurs années, centrée sur la description des étapes d’une prise en charge d’une adolescente, illustre ce propos. Elle montre aussi que le déroulement des soins ne répond pas à un projet défini à l’avance, mais est un cheminement qui se fait en fonction des événements et des évolutions qui se présentent. Comment réussir à accompagner l’errance de l’adolescent en créant avec lui et ses proches un groupe thérapeutique à la fois souple et solide ?
L’art-thérapie et les adolescents : clinique d’une evidence
Authors: Martin-Excoffier Laura , Schiltz Lony , Sudres Jean-Luc
Published: March 2022

Puisque la médiation se trouve au cœur de la dynamique adolescente, l’art-thérapie apparaît comme un moyen privilégié de prise en charge de l’adolescent, notamment lors de séances groupales. Des séances de médiation peuvent revêtir la fonction de rites de passage, permettant à la fois le développement social et l’émergence d’une personnalité en train de se construire. Le moratoire identitaire lié à cet âge apparaît souvent comme une période dont il est difficile de sortir sans aide, tout comme il est compliqué d’accéder à la réalisation identitaire. Ainsi, alors que la quête identitaire malmène les psychés de ces jeunes, l’art-thérapie se place dans une position étayante dans les changements biologiques, cognitifs et sociaux. Le thérapeute se doit de comprendre la souffrance lorsqu’elle s’exprime, en particulier dans les créations artistiques, et de permettre l’établissement d’une bonne alliance thérapeutique, en respectant le code mis en œuvre par l’adolescent. C’est pour cela que l’art-thérapie apporte toute sa contribution, en complément du langage, dans sa dimension communicative, dans son aide à l’élaboration psychique, dans son soutien à l’imagination et à l’autonomie. Elle se présente également comme lien entre le monde interne et la réalité extérieure, et offre la possibilité de permettre une écriture de soi, une trace dans le groupe de soin, mais aussi une trace de son passage de l’enfance à l’âge adulte.
Sports, Myocarditis and COVID-19: Diagnostics, Prevention and Return-to-play Strategies
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Bjarnason-Wehrens Birna , Zacher Jonas , Predel Hans-Georg , Reiss Nils
Published: March 2022

Myocarditis is an umbrella term for non-ischemic myocardial inflammation and remains a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in active individuals and athletes. Accurate diagnosing is challenging and diseases could often remain undetected. In the majority of cases, acute myocarditis resolves favourably. However, a relevant proportion of patients may have an increased risk of prognostically relevant cardiac arrhythmias and/or the development and progression of maladaptive myocardial remodelling (dilated cardiomyopathy). This review provides current knowledge on myocarditis and sports with special regard to the COVID-19 pandemic. Possible causes, common symptoms and proposed diagnostics are summarized. The relevance of temporary avoidance of intensive sports activities for both the prevention and therapy of acute myocarditis is discussed. Risk stratification, specific return-to-play recommendations and proposed follow-up diagnostics (also after COVID-19 infection) are presented.
Analysing bio-art’s epistemic landscape: from metaphoric to post-metaphoric structure
Authors: Ahmedien Diaa Ahmed Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Since its emergence, bio-art has developed numerous metaphors central to the transfer of concepts of modern biology, genetics, and genomics to the public domain that reveal several cultural, ethical, and social variations in their related themes. This article assumes that a general typology of metaphors developed by practices related to bio-art can be categorised into two categories: pictorial and operational metaphors. Through these, information regarding several biological issues is transferred to the public arena. Based on the analysis, this article attempts to answer the following questions: How does bio-art develop metaphors to advance epistemic and discursive agendas that constitute public understanding of a set of deeply problematic assumptions regarding how today’s biology operates? Under the influence of today’s synthetic biology, could bio-media operationally reframe these epistemic agendas by reframing complex and multi-layered metaphors towards post-metaphoric structures? Finally, what are the scientific, cultural, and social implications of reframing?
A method for analyzing bursting oscillations in grid-connected renewable energy generation systems based on a complex network
Authors: Wang Kun , Chen Wei , Li Jiangtao , Shi Jinhui , Wei Zhanhong
Published: March 2022

For analyzing the problem of frequent wideband oscillations in grid-connected renewable energy generation systems, an analysis method based on small-world networks and fast-slow dynamics is proposed. A direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (DPMSG) was chosen as an example to discuss the process of bursting oscillations in a single system with both alternating large-amplitude and micro-amplitude oscillations due to the multi-timescale coupling effect introduced by the disturbance. Meanwhile, a complex network consisting of multiple DPMSGs connected to the grid was selected to investigate the process of bursting oscillations in generation nodes spreading among the system nodes. The results showed that the bursting oscillations created by the power generation nodes in grid-connected renewable energy generation systems can lead to oscillation instability of the entire system. Our simulation verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.
Nutrigenomics in livestock: potential role in physiological regulation and practical applications
Authors: Loor Juan J.
Published: March 2022

The relationship among nutrition, health, and productivity of livestock is a continuously changing interaction between environment and physiology. As such, understanding how the physiological system is able to adapt to the type and amount of nutrients consumed is central to our ability to care for and manage livestock. Recognition that cells possess proteins with the ability to ‘sense’ and trigger a cascade of biological events in response to nutrient availability is at the core of nutritional genomics (or nutrigenomics) as a field of science. Nutrigenomics is generally defined as the study of the genome-wide influence of nutrition. Certain transcriptional regulators can interact with nutrients and cause large-scale alterations in gene expression, metabolic and signaling pathways, and ultimately tissue function. The advent of high-throughput technologies to study an animal’s microbiome, genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome (i.e. ‘omics’ tools) has been instrumental in moving the field of nutrigenomics forward. Available data from studies with livestock species using targeted or untargeted molecular methods underscore the existence of networks of multiple transcriptional regulators at play in controlling nutrigenomics responses. Fatty acids, amino acids, trace nutrients, and level of feed and energy intake have the strongest reported nutrigenomics potential. An important goal for applying nutrigenomics at the animal level is to uncover key molecular players involved in the physiological adaptations to changes in nutrient supply and environmental conditions.
The influence of repeated interactions on the persuasiveness of simulation
Authors: Chow Kenny K. N.
Published: March 2022

Mental or computer simulation of cause and effect of certain behaviors is a recognized approach to changing one’s attitude or triggering an action. Meanwhile, psychology research results suggest that frequency of simulation may affect the corresponding persuasiveness. This paper argues that with always-on sensing and data-driven visualization technologies, interactive tangible systems can be designed to simulate hypothetical outcomes of real-life behaviors in everyday contexts, which repeatedly stimulate users’ imagination of behavioral consequences and thereby behavioral intentions. To investigate the effect, a working prototype of Incingarette, including a smart ashtray in connection with a digital picture frame, was built. When the ashtray is used for smoking, the digital picture is incrementally covered by virtual dust. Field trials involved participants in five daily smoking sessions. Post-session surveys show increasingly stronger perceived causality between smoking and the simulated outcomes, increasingly more vivid mental imagery of consequences, and increasingly intense intention to reduce smoking. Results suggest that repeatedly presenting simulated outcomes cognitively linked to real-life behaviors can increase behavioral intentions.
Discourse functions of Korean ‘yes’ words
Authors: Pyun Danielle O. , Yoon Kyung-Eun
Published: March 2022

This study examines discourse functions of Korean ‘yes’ words from an interactional perspective based on
naturally-occurring conversation data. Tokens of yey, ney, ey, ung, um, and e in Korean are
widely recognized as affirmative responses. A close examination of these tokens, however, reveals wide-ranging interactional
functions through which speakers express active engagement, share information, negotiate meaning, and maintain discourse
coherence. The present study identifies a total of fifteen discourse-pragmatic functions of Korean ‘yes’ words: (1) affirmative
answer, (2) confirmation, (3) acceptance, (4) agreement, (5) answer to summons, (6) acknowledgement, (7) change-of-state, (8)
change-of-activity, (9) response solicitation, (10) reinforcement, (11) other initiation of repair, (12) closing of phone call,
(13) continuer, (14) proposal to discontinue the on-going action for the sake of a larger course of action, and (15) arguably
hesitation marker. This study demonstrates that the interactional approach enables the discovery of varied discourse functions of
a type of linguistic items, which may not be readily available in dictionaries or grammar reference guides.
Creativity in translation
Authors: Guerberof-Arenas Ana , Toral Antonio
Published: March 2022

This article presents the results of a study involving the translation of a short story by Kurt Vonnegut from English to Catalan and Dutch using three modalities: machine-translation (MT), post-editing (PE) and translation without aid (HT). Our aim is to explore creativity, understood to involve novelty and acceptability, from a quantitative perspective. The results show that HT has the highest creativity score, followed by PE, and lastly, MT, and this is unanimous from all reviewers. A neural MT system trained on literary data does not currently have the necessary capabilities for a creative translation; it renders literal solutions to translation problems. More importantly, using MT to post-edit raw output constrains the creativity of translators, resulting in a poorer translation often not fit for publication, according to experts.
Utilizing trapped charge at bilayer 2D MoS2/SiO2 interface for memory applications
Authors: Rezk Ayman , Alhammadi Aisha , Alnaqbi Wafa , Nayfeh Ammar
Published: March 2022

In this work we use conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) to study the charge injection process from a nanoscale tip to a single isolated bilayer 2D MoS2 flake. The MoS2 is exfoliated and bonded to ultra-thin SiO2/Si substrate. Local current–voltage (IV) measurements conducted by cAFM provides insight in charge trapping/de-trapping mechanisms at the MoS2/SiO2 interface. The MoS2 nano-flake provides an adjustable potential barrier for embedded trap sites where the charge is injected from AFM tip is confined at the interface. A window of (ΔV ∼ 1.8 V) is obtain at a reading current of 2 nA between two consecutive IV sweeps. This is a sufficient window to differentiate between the two states indicating memory behavior. Furthermore, the physics behind the charge entrapment and its contribution to the tunneling mechanisms is discussed.
Merger rate of charged black holes from the two-body dynamical capture
Authors: Liu Lang , Kim Sang Pyo
Published: March 2022

We consider the two-body dynamical capture of black holes carrying U(1) charge which can not only correspond to electric or magnetic charge but also have other physical interpretations such as dark or hidden charge. In the low-velocity and weak-field regime, we study gravitational and electromagnetic radiations from point masses with U(1) charges in a hyperbolic orbit, and we develop a formalism to derive the merger rate of charged black holes from the two-body dynamical capture. We apply the formalism to find the effects of the charge-to-mass ratio on the merger rate for possible different cases and discover that the effects depend on the models.
Drag force on a moving heavy quark with deformed string configuration
Authors: Tahery Sara , Chen Xurong
Published: March 2022

To study drag force on a moving heavy quark through a plasma, we use a deformed AdS space-time, in which deformation parameter c describes non-conformality in AdS/QCD. In this case, the quark is mapped to a probe string in the AdS space. Considering the probable contribution of the deformation parameter in the probe string, we apply a general form of c-dependent string ansatz in the drag force computation. Then, we find the acceptable value of this parameter as it satisfies QCD calculations. Using this result, we also discuss the diffusion constant which is in agreement with the phenomenological result for the non-relativistic limit. Also, we show that while in absence of a deformation parameter, the probe string is a strictly increasing function of radial coordinate, the c-dependent probe string has a maximum value versus z.
Improvement on short-circuit ability of SiC super-junction MOSFET with partially widened pillar structure
Authors: Zuo Xinxin , Lu Jiang , Tian Xiaoli , Bai Yun , Cheng Guodong , Chen Hong , Tang Yidan , Yang Chengyue , Liu Xinyu
Published: March 2022

A novel 1200 V SiC super-junction (SJ) MOSFET with a partially widened pillar structure is proposed and investigated by using the two-dimensional numerical simulation tool. Based on the SiC SJ MOSFET structure, a partially widened P-region is added at the SJ pillar region to improve the short-circuit (SC) ability. After investigating the position and doping concentration of the widened P-region, an optimal structure is determined. From the simulation results, the SC withstand times (SCWTs) of the conventional trench MOSFET (CT-MOSFET), the SJ MOSFET, and the proposed structure at 800 V DC bus voltage are 15 μs, 17 μs, and 24 μs, respectively. The SCWTs of the proposed structure are increased by 60% and 41.2% in comparison with that of the other two structures. The main reason for the proposed structure with an enhanced SC capability is related to the effective suppression of saturation current at the high DC bias conditions by using a modulated P-pillar region. Meanwhile, a good Baliga’s FOM (BV
2/R
on) also can be achieved in the proposed structure due to the advantage of the SJ structure. In addition, the fabrication technology of the proposed structure is compatible with the standard epitaxy growth method used in the SJ MOSFET. As a result, the SJ structure with this feasible optimization skill presents an effect on improving the SC reliability of the SiC SJ MOSFET without the degeneration of the Baliga’s FOM.
Steering quantum nonlocalities of quantum dot system suffering from decoherence
Authors: Yang Huan , Xing Ling-Ling , Ding Zhi-Yong , Zhang Gang , Ye Liu
Published: March 2022

The important applications of quantum dot system are to implement logic operations and achieve universal quantum computing based on different quantum nonlocalities. Here, we characterize the quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and nonlocal advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) of quantum dot system suffering nonunital and unital channels. The results reveal that quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and NAQC can display the traits of dissipation, enhancement, and freezing. One can achieve the detections of quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and NAQC of quantum dot system in different situations. Among these quantum nonlocalities, NAQC is the most fragile, and it is most easily influenced by different system parameters. Furthermore, considering quantum dot system coupling with amplitude damping channel and phase damping channel, these quantum nonlocalities degenerate with the enlargement of the channel parameters t and Γ. Remarkably, measurement reversal can effectively control and enhance quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and NAQC of quantum dot system suffering from decoherence, especially in the scenarios of the amplitude damping channel and strong operation strength.
Degradation and breakdown behaviors of SGTs under repetitive unclamped inductive switching avalanche stress
Authors: Zhu Chenkai , Zhao Linna , Yang Zhuo , Gu Xiaofeng
Published: March 2022

The repetitive unclamped inductive switching (UIS) avalanche stress is conducted to investigate the degradation and breakdown behaviors of conventional shield gate trench MOSFET (C-SGT) and P-ring SGT MOSFETs (P-SGT). It is found that the static and dynamic parameters of both devices show different degrees of degradation. Combining experimental and simulation results, the hot holes trapped into the Si/SiO2 interface and the increase of crystal lattice temperature should be responsible for the degradation and breakdown behaviors. Moreover, under repetitive UIS avalanche stress, the reliability of P-SGT overcomes that of C-SGT, benefitting from the decreasing of the impact ionization rate at bottom of field oxide caused by the existence of P-ring.
Green’s function Monte Carlo method combined with restricted Boltzmann machine approach to the frustrated J
1 – J
2 Heisenberg model
Authors: Lin He-Yu , He Rong-Qiang , Lu Zhong-Yi
Published: March 2022

Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) has been proposed as a powerful variational ansatz to represent the ground state of a given quantum many-body system. On the other hand, as a shallow neural network, it is found that the RBM is still hardly able to capture the characteristics of systems with large sizes or complicated interactions. In order to find a way out of the dilemma, here, we propose to adopt the Green’s function Monte Carlo (GFMC) method for which the RBM is used as a guiding wave function. To demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of the proposal, we have applied the proposal to study the frustrated J
1–J
2 Heisenberg model on a square lattice, which is considered as a typical model with sign problem for quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The calculation results demonstrate that the GFMC method can significantly further reduce the relative error of the ground-state energy on the basis of the RBM variational results. This encourages to combine the GFMC method with other neural networks like convolutional neural networks for dealing with more models with sign problem in the future.
High frequency doubling efficiency THz GaAs Schottky barrier diode based on inverted trapezoidal epitaxial cross-section structure
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Yong , Wang Haoran , Wei Haomiao , Zhou Jingtao , Jin Zhi , Xu Yuehang , Yan Bo
Published: March 2022

A high-performance terahertz Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with an inverted trapezoidal epitaxial cross-sectional structure featuring high varactor characteristics and reverse breakdown characteristics is reported in this paper. Inductively coupled plasma dry etching and dissolution wet etching are used to define the profile of the epitaxial layer, by which the voltage-dependent variation trend of the thickness of the metal-semiconductor contact depletion layer is modified. The simulation of the inverted trapezoidal epitaxial cross-section SBD is also conducted to explain the physical mechanism of the electric field and space charge region area. Compared with the normal structure, the grading coefficient M increases from 0.47 to 0.52, and the capacitance modulation ratio (C
max/C
min) increases from 6.70 to 7.61. The inverted trapezoidal epitaxial cross-section structure is a promising approach to improve the variable-capacity ratio by eliminating the accumulation of charge at the Schottky electrode edge. A 190 GHz frequency doubler based on the inverted trapezoidal epitaxial cross-section SBD also shows a doubling efficiency of 35% compared to that 30% of a normal SBD.
Sign reversal of anisotropic magnetoresistance and anomalous thickness-dependent resistivity in Sr2CrWO6/SrTiO3 films
Authors: Yao Chunli , Shao Tingna , Liu Mingrui , Zhang Zitao , Jiang Weimin , Zhao Qiang , Qiao Yujie , Chen Meihui , Chen Xingyu , Dou Ruifen , Xiong Changmin , Nie Jiacai
Published: March 2022

High-quality Sr2CrWO6 (SCWO) films have been grown on SrTiO3 (STO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition under low oxygen pressure. With decrease of the film thickness, a drastic conductivity increase is observed. The Hall measurements show that the thicker the film, the lower the carrier density. An extrinsic mechanism of charge doping due to the dominance of oxygen vacancies at SCWO/STO interfaces is proposed. The distribution and gradient of carrier concentration in SCWO films are considered to be related to this phenomenon. Resistivity behavior observed in these films is found to follow the variable range hopping model. It is revealed that with increase of the film thickness, the extent of disorder in the lattice increases, which gives a clear evidence of disorder-induced localization charge carriers in these films. Magnetoresistance measurements show that there is a negative magnetoresistance in SCWO films, which is considered to be caused by the magnetic scattering of magnetic elements Cr3+ and W5+. In addition, a sign reversal of anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) in SCWO film is observed for the first time, when the temperature varies across a characteristic value, T
M. Magnetization–temperature measurements demonstrate that this AMR sign reversal is caused by the direction transition of easy axis of magnetization from the in-plane ferromagnetic order at T > T
M to the out-of-plane at T < T
M.
Theoretical and experimental studies on high-power laser-induced thermal blooming effect in chamber with different gases
Authors: Wu Xiangyizheng , Xu Jian , Gong Keling , Shao Chongfeng , Kou Yang , Zhang Yuxuan , Bo Yong , Peng Qinjun
Published: March 2022

High-power laser induced thermal blooming effects in a closed chamber with three different gases are investigated theoretically and experimentally in this work. In the theoretical treatment, an incompressible gas turbulent model is adopted. In the numerical simulation the gas refractive index as a function of both the temperature and pressure is taken into consideration. In the experimental study the pump-probe technology is adopted. A high-power 1064-nm fiber laser with maximum output power of 12 kW is used to drive the gas thermal blooming, and a 50-mW high-beam-quality 637-nm laser diode (LD) is used as a probe beam. The influences of the gas thermal blooming in the chamber on the probe beam wavefront and beam quality are analyzed for three different gases of air, nitrogen, and helium, respectively. The results indicate that nitrogen is well suitable for restraining thermal blooming effect for high-power laser. The measured data are in good agreement with the simulated results.
Possible shape coexistence in odd-A Ne isotopes and the impurity effects of Λ hyperons *
Authors: Sun Qian-Kun , Sun Ting-Ting , Zhang Wei , Zhang Shi-Sheng , Chen Chen
Published: March 2022

In this study, shape evolution and possible shape coexistence are explored in odd-A Ne isotopes in the framework of the multidimensionally constrained relativistic-mean-field (MDC-RMF) model. By introducing

and

hyperons, the impurity effects on the nuclear shape, energy, size, and density distribution are investigated. For the

interaction, the PK1 parameter set is adopted, and for the

interaction, the PK1-Y1 parameter set is used. The nuclear ground state and low-lying excited states are determined by blocking the unpaired odd neutron in different orbitals around the Fermi surface. Moreover, the potential energy curves (PECs), quadrupole deformations, nuclear r.m.s. radii, binding energies, and density distributions for the core nuclei as well as the corresponding hypernuclei are analyzed. By examining the PECs, possibilities for shape coexistence in

Ne and a triple shape coexistence in 31Ne are found. In terms of the impurity effects of Λ hyperons, as noted for even-even Ne hypernuclear isotopes, the

hyperon exhibits a clear shrinkage effect, which reduces the nuclear size and results in a more spherical nuclear shape. The

hyperon occupying the

orbital is prolate, which causes the nuclear shape to be more prolate, and the

hyperon occupying the

orbital displays an oblate shape, which drives the nuclei to be more oblate.
Hydrogen maser magnetron cavity with low frequency-temperature coefficient
Authors: Van der Beken E , Léonard D , Bastin T
Published: March 2022

In this paper we show how a proper dimensioning of a magnetron cavity and its inner bulb allows one to design a hydrogen maser atomic clock with an arbitrary low frequency-temperature coefficient (FTC) for its cavity. The control of this parameter is of primary importance for the overall stability of the atomic clock. To this aim, a model based on finite element method has been developed to simulate thermal expansion of hydrogen maser cavities and evaluate the FTC. The model has been confronted with direct experimental data and very good agreement is observed. A key geometrical parameter is identified that allows for a strong tuning of the FTC, so as to set it down to values a priori as close as desired to 0, with limitations only dictated by the machining tolerances of the mechanical elements of the hydrogen maser cavity.
The effect of alumina addition on the synthesis of zeolite from fly ash by hydrothermal method
Authors: Budiman A W , Nugrahaningtyas K D , Purnama S D P W , Nabila A K , Gerard P I , Wulansari D W T , Sabiilagusti A I , Arvianto R I
Published: March 2022

ZSM-5 and analcime were successfully synthesized from coal fly ash using hydrothermal method in alkaline solution. The fly ash used was taken from the Paiton PLTU, one of the largest steam power plants in Indonesia. The fly ash was purified using sulphuric acid for 30 minutes and it was found that it has 17.7 wt.% of Si content and 2.79 wt.% of Al content. The zeolite synthesis was carried out in a hydrothermal reactor at 160 oC and 3 bar for 48 hours both with and without alumina addition. Subsequently, the zeolite produced was then calcined and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed that ZSM-5 crystals were obtained from the hydrothermal process without alumina addition. On the other hand, the addition of alumina has a large impact on the hydrothermal process, which formed analcime crystals as the final product. Furthermore, the ZSM-5 and analcime produced have great correspondence to ICSD (Inorganic Crystal Structure Database) standards (no. 61010 for ZSM-5 and no. 34877 for analcime).
The effect of using solvent medium in the ultrasonication of silica precipitates
Authors: Febriana E , Angelina E , Mayangsari W , Handayani M , Irawan J , Prasetyo A B , Sulistiyono E , Muslih E Y , Nugroho F , Firdiyono F , Sutanto Hadi
Published: March 2022

In this study, further processing of silica precipitated from sodium silicate was carried out using an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonication process was carried out with the aim to obtain smaller particles and uniform distribution of silica precipitated. The ultrasonication process was carried out using three solvents medium in water, ethanol, and ethylene glycol. The effect of solvents used on the distribution and particle size of silica precipitated was observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). From the results of observations using FE-SEM, it was shown that the ultrasonication of silica precipitates with water has the greatest influence on particle size and distribution. While the analysis using PSA did not show any size reduction due to the agglomeration between the particles. The smallest particle size that could be obtained from this process is about 17 nm with average value of 88 nm.
ZnO/NiO synthesis and its characterization using solvothermal method
Authors: Syahdarani E , Ramelan A H , Wahyuningsih S , Subagio A , Kartini I , Kawuri K R
Published: March 2022

This research aims to understand the influence of ZnO and NiO molarity towards its optical and morphological properties. ZnO/NiO was synthesized using solvothermal method with ZnO and (Ni(NO)3)2.6H2O as its main ingredients and dissolved in ethanol. The synthesis of ZnO/NiO using solvothermal method was carried out by modifying the variation of ZnO concentration with the ratio of ZnO and NiO were 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. ZnO/NiO was used as a semiconductor material which will be analysed for optical properties that occur, one of which was band gap energy. The result was then characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed that the crystal size of the sample at 3:1 is the largest. Furthermore, the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyst indicated that the sample corresponds to C=C and C-H bonds. Moreover, the UV – Vis analyst showed that the absorption range is between 300-400nm indicated the extended UV-Vis absorption property of mixed oxide.
Chemical profiling of steam distillation clove bud oil from local producer in Karanganyar using GC-MS
Authors: Rakhmawati R , Ashari S N , Yugatama A
Published: March 2022

Abstract Indonesia is the world’s largest clove producer. The buds are used in the cigarette industry, but the waste still contains eugenol. This has helped local clove oil refiners grow by utilizing the waste, including clove bud oil (CBO) producer in Karanganyar. The level of eugenol derived from cigarette industry waste met SNI is still a problem for local producers. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of CBO compounds from steam distillation using GC-MS. Oil characteristics are known by organoleptic tests and refractive index. CBO (steam distillation) profiling was carried out on four drums of different batches using the GC-MS “Shimadzu QP 2010 SE”. The columns used were Rtx-5MS. The detector used was FID and helium was the mobile phase. The eugenol level was determined by comparing the area of the peak obtained with the total area of eugenol standard. The results showed CBO had a clear light yellow color with a distinctive aroma of cloves and had a refractive index value of 1.5343. There were 10 compounds contained in CBO, namely eugenol; trans-caryophyllene; eugenol acetate; α-humulene; α-cadinene; α-copaene; cyclohexane 1,5-dimethyl-2,3-divinyl; caryophyllene oxide; naphthalene 1,2,3,4,4a,7-hexahydro-1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl); and α-cubebene. The eugenol levels of each drum sequentially were 81.72, 82.94, 83.22, and 82.23% and all of them met SNI criteria.
Analysis of dose distribution in proton therapy for lung cancer with MCNP code
Authors: Rahmawati F , Khairunnisa A F , Riyatun  , Suharyana
Published: March 2022

Proton beam characteristics for proton therapy have been obtained by simulation method using MCNP6 software. The proton beam is modelled as a monodirectional disk with a diameter of 3 cm is 23 cm from the left lung cancer, a sphere with a diameter of 3 cm. The variation of proton beam energy that produces the best isodose in cancer cells is 94 MeV, 104 MeV, and 112 MeV fired alternately at the target from the left. The result is a total equivalent dose in cancer cells of (0.858 ± 0.003) Sv. The scattered amount received by healthy cells in the left lung was (1.39 ± 0.01) mSv, rib (0.12 ± 0.01) mSv, and skin (0.11 ± 0.01) mSv. According to the organ at risk (OAR) provisions, the scattered dose is declared safe. The simulation results prove that proton therapy is a cell targeting therapy. The dose used to kill lung cancer cells is 60 Gy, so with a proton beam of 1 µA, the total exposure time for therapy is (2.31 ± 0.01) minutes.
The potential of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-kaolin membrane for water treatment
Authors: Ismoyo Y A , Sejati G P W , Pranoto  , Pramono E
Published: March 2022

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-kaolin membrane has been successfully fabricated. The addition of kaolin is aimed to optimize the performance of PVDF membrane for water treatment. Kaolin was prepared using 0.1 N HCl to activate the material. The fabrication of membranes was using phase inversion with 6 variations on PVDF composition within the membrane. FTIR analysis on kaolin activation shows minor changes on peak intensities and broadness without any addition or loss peak that indicates there is no reaction and only activation is occurred. The addition of kaolin affects the pure water flux. All of modified membranes shows gradually change on porosity and hydrophobicity properties under the contact angle measurement.
Validation of UV spectrophotometric method for ketoprofen multicomponent crystals with malic acid and tartaric acid
Authors: Syamdini C F S , Muthiah I K , Ainurofiq A
Published: March 2022

These multicomponent crystals are formed by two chemical substances, between ketoprofen and their co-formers, which are malic acid and tartaric acid. Analysis of multicomponent crystals showed a possibility of interference between constituents. To determine interference between pure drugs and their co-formers, a validated, fast, easy, efficient, and adequate analysis method is required. This study aims to evaluate and develop an analytical method validation that is accurate, specific, and reproducible on ketoprofen multicomponent crystals using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The study was conducted by the dissolving of phosphate buffer with 7.4 pH with the addition of ethanol co-solvent to obtain calibration curve solution. The calibration curve was analyzed for linearity, accuracy, and precision. Meanwhile, the placebo interference parameter was measured on an equimolar ratio of 1:1 between ketoprofen and co-former. Validation result on the wavelength of 260.5 nm with a range of 1-16.834 µg/mL showed the linearity of R2 = 0.999 and intercept P-value > 0.05, accuracy of Recovery = 100.652%, precision of RSD = 0.568%, and placebo interference of 0%. Based on the results of this study, the UV-Vis spectrophotometer method for ketoprofen multicomponent crystals fulfilled the validation standard.
The synthesis of cuprous nanoparticles using chemical reduction method
Authors: Yokhebed N , Ramelan A H , Wahyuningsih S , Kawuri K R
Published: March 2022

This research’s purpose was to synthesis Cu nanoparticles by chemical reduction method. Copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate was used as the precursor and starch as a capping agent. Ascorbic acid was then added as a reductor. Sodium Hydroxide was slowly added and as the pH goes up, the yellow solution will turn ocher as a sign that Cu nanoparticles were formed. Afterwards, the Cu nanoparticles were characterized with XRD, SEM and UV-Vis. The XRD results shows the formation of cubic Cu2O nanocrystals with the mean crystal size of 134.76 nm, the UV-vis absorbance spectra were recorded highest between 311-446 nm and the FTIR spectra shows that the functional groups existing inside the synthesized NPs are vibrating Cu–O, stretching O–H, bending O–H, and carbon traces which were stretching C–H and bending C–O, caused by impurities from starch.
Synthesis of rGO-CoMoS composite using hydrothermal method as a counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)
Authors: Harjana  , Wahyuningsih S , Supriyanto A , Ramelan A H , Fathoni H I , Kawuri K R
Published: March 2022

Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) technology is a good choice to convert sun energy into electrical energy, because of its low cost fabrication. One of the main components of the DSSC is the counter electrode, which is generally Pt based, while Pt is expensive and rare material, so replacement for Pt is needed. The rGO-CoMoS composite is a potential one. rGO was prepared from graphite which was oxidized by the hummer method. rGO-CoMoS was synthesized from GO, Cobalt, Molybdenum, and thiourea using a hydrothermal reaction at 200 oC, with various reaction times for 12, 24, and 36 hours. Time variation is done because the reaction time affects the character of the composite formed. The results of the synthesis were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to prove that the synthesis was successful. Then the composite was coated on FTO glass to become a counter electrode, and sandwich fabricated with the arrangement of FTO/TiO2-N3-I−/I3
−-rGO-CoMoS/FTO. Then tested the current and voltage with Keithley to determine its efficiency as a DSSC. And the material that produces the best efficiency is rGO-CoMoS 36 with efficiency 0.00413%.