bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS, SEED TREATMENT AND EXTRA-ROOT NUTRIENTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PHASES OF SOYBEAN PLANTS
Authors: Didur Ihor , Ziuzko Leonid
Published: December 2024

The article presents a study on the development of technological techniques for growing soybeans depending on hydrothermal conditions, seed treatment and foliar fertilization for the passage of plant growth and development phases. The relevance of the work is strengthened by the tasks of applied research, which is carried out at the expense of the state budget on the topic: «Development of ecologically oriented technologies for growing bioenergy crops to ensure energy independence and soil conservation for the formation of climate neutrality». The purpose of the work is due to the need to develop and substantiate biological elements of soybean cultivation technologies. This includes the formation and provision of their sustainable production, taking into account the biological requirements of plants to the hydrothermal conditions of the region. There is also a need to modernize individual technological methods and optimize their complex action in the technological cycle of soybean cultivation. The material of the research was soybean varieties of domestic selection – Madison and Diadema Podillia. Based on the phenological observations of the growth processes and development of soybean plants, it can be concluded that both the duration of the periods between individual phases of growth and development, and the duration of the growing season as a whole, were significantly influenced by the hydrothermal conditions of the year, as well as organized factors that were put to study, namely seed inoculation and foliar fertilization. It was determined that for optimal parameters of swelling and germination, soybean seeds need 140-160% of water by weight. Soybean seedlings are severely depressed when there is a lack of moisture. Therefore, the first critical period for moisture supply in soybeans occurs in the branching phase, and the second is more intensive – in the phase of seed formation and pouring. The most favorable conditions for growth, development and optimal passage of interphase periods by soybean plants were determined when growing them in experimental variants, where seed inoculation was carried out with the preparation Bio-inoculant BTU (2 l/t) in combination with foliar fertilizing with organo-mineral fertilizer Helprost soy (2.5 l/ha).
MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL MEASURES IN THE GROWING OF CHEEPA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK
Authors: Shcatula Yurii , Votyk Volodymyr , Kuzemsky Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

Weed counts on chickpea crops revealed a mixed type of weed infestation. The most common among dicotyledons are white quinoa, rough mustard, common bindweed, small-flowered galigsoga, odorless chamomile, field bindweed, and pink thistle; among cereals: blue marestail, common bentgrass, and creeping wheatgrass. The chemical method dominates in the system of protective measures for chickpea cultivation. The use of herbicides during the most vulnerable periods of weed growth, namely during seed germination, creates the most favorable conditions for the growth and development of chickpea plants by eliminating competition for light, moisture, nutrients, etc. To reduce the phytotoxic (negative) effects of herbicides on chickpea plants, tank mixtures of herbicides should be used in reduced doses, chickpea seeds should be inoculated, and biological products with immunomodulatory properties and stimulating activity should be used during the growing season. The application of Harness herbicide, 90% c.e., at a rate of 3.0 l/ha before chickpea germination leads to a decrease in weed vegetation one month after the application of the herbicide to 86% compared to the control plots. This preparation effectively destroyed annual cereal weeds by 94% compared to the control plots and was less effective against annual dicotyledonous weeds, up to 77% compared to the control. On the plots where Frontier Optima herbicide was applied, 72% e.c. at a rate of 1.2 l/ha, the number of weeds was within 20 pcs/m2 a month after application, and the level of weediness decreased by 88% compared to the control plots (natural weediness). This herbicide effectively killed cereal weeds and was selective to dicotyledonous weeds. At the time of chickpea harvesting, the number of weeds was within 27 pcs/m2, and the level of weediness decreased by 84% compared to the control plots. With the complex use of herbicides Harness and Frontier Optima in reduced consumption rates, a better effect on weed control in chickpea crops was noted. The level of weed infestation during the chickpea harvesting period decreased by 88% compared to the control plots. It should be noted that this composition of soil herbicides had reduced application rates and was characterized by prolonged action against weeds. The highest yields of chickpea seeds were in the variant where inoculation with Rhizobophyte was carried out at a rate of 1.0 l/t before sowing chickpea, a tank mixture of herbicide Harness + Frontier Optima was applied at application rates of 2.5-1.0 l/ha, and in the phase of 3-4 leaves, foliar application of the biological preparation Agrinos B was carried out. As a result of the measures taken, the yield of chickpea seeds averaged 2.44 t/ha over the years of research, which is 2.07 t/ha more than in the control plots.
INFLUENCE OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM ON THE FORMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN CROPS
Authors: Zabolotny Hryhoriy , Peleh Lyudmila , Didur Vitaliy , Soroka Serhiy
Published: December 2024

During the two-year cycle of research (2022-2023) in the conditions of the research field of the Agronomichne scientific research farm of VNA, an analysis of the dynamics of the formation of photosynthetic productivity of soybean crops was carried out with an assessment of indicators in the variants of leaf surface area, photosynthetic potential and net photosynthetic productivity. The analysis provided for the appropriate accounting of the above-mentioned indicators in the section of 5 phenological phases: the third tripartite leaf, the beginning of flowering, the end of flowering, full pouring of seeds, the beginning of physiological maturity. In addition to accounting for the photosynthetic potential in dynamics, foliar top dressing of crops was carried out with Gumifield forte and Help Rost soybean with distribution in single and combined application. On the basis of the conducted research, the peculiarities of the dynamics of the formation of the leaf surface area were established, which allowed to determine the peculiarities of the formation of photosynthetic productivity as a whole. On the basis of the conducted research, it was established that the most effective technological solution among the variants of the experiment was the combined use for foliar fertilization of the preparation based on potassium humate and amino acids Gumifield 0.4 l/ha in combination with the organo-mineral fertilizer Help Rost soybean 2 l/ha. In this variant, the leaf area exceeded the control by 4.6 - 7.1 thousand m2/ha, or by 14.9 - 18.1%. In the variants of the experiment with complete mineral fertilizer N30P60K60 and N30P60K60 + Groundfix 5 l/ha, an increase in the leaf surface area was recorded compared to the control by 6.9–8.5 thousand m2/ha, which in percentage comparison was 22.3–27, respectively 6%. Based on the comparison of the formed area of the leaf surface of plants, the duration of interphase periods and the amount of accumulation of organic matter by crops in a single two-year array of data, the nature and size of the photosynthetic potential and the net productivity of photosynthesis were determined. Along with this, a positive relationship of high strength between the leaf surface area and the amount of precipitation during the growing season has been statistically proven.
AGROBIOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF SEEDING ALFALFA YIELD DEPENDING ON VARIETY AND PERIODS OF GRASS HARVESTING
Authors: Hetman Nadiia , Danyliuk Borys
Published: December 2024

The analysis of long-term studies of seed alfalfa yield formation depending on the timing of mowing the grass stand by the phases of growth and development of the crop is presented. According to the years of research, biological groups of varieties of different geographical origin or one variety of seed alfalfa were studied in the experiments. The models of grass stand alienation included the following growth and development phases: budding, beginning of flowering and flowering. It has been established that during the research in 1986-1990 for four years of alfalfa sowing vegetation, mowing the grass stand in the budding phase leads to a decrease in the yield of feed units by 1.89-4.13 t/ha, compared to harvesting it at the beginning of flowering. The use of the first mowing of alfalfa in the flowering phase and the subsequent ones at the beginning of flowering and in budding contributed to an increase in the yield of feed units by 0.34-2.34 t/ha in the varieties Vinnychanka, Nadezhda and Yaroslavna. Sowing alfalfa of the Regina variety in the second and third years of life provided a maximum dry matter yield of 9.90-11.34 and 9.26-9.95 t/ha, respectively, for all mowing at the beginning of the flowering phase against the background of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60 P60 K90. Sowing alfalfa of the Sinyukha variety, when mowed in the following sequence: budding - budding - budding - beginning of flowering, provided the highest dry matter yield of 10.41 t/ha under uncovered cultivation with the application of herbicide, which is 32.7-37.9% more compared to the cover crop method. During two years of intensive use of the grass stand, regardless of varietal characteristics, against the background of phosphorus-potassium fertilisers, the alfalfa variety Rosana provided the highest yield of crude protein of 3.25 t/ha when modelling mowing in the following sequence: 1st mowing in flowering, 2nd - beginning of flowering, 3rd - budding. The southern varieties Unitro and Nasoloda provided a crude protein yield of 3.04-3.21 t/ha, Banat VS - 3.18 t/ha, and the lowest was in the variety Narechena Severa - 2.52 t/ha. The highest yield of dry matter was provided by grass stands that were mowed at the beginning of flowering of seed alfalfa at a row spacing of 12.5 cm. The dry matter yield of Rosana was 13.93 t/ha and 13.77 t/ha of Angelica at a seeding rate of 8.0 million/ha.
THE INFLUENCE OF PLANT DENSITY ON THE FORMATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN CORN HYBRIDS
Authors: Palamarchuk Vitalii , Rudska Nina , Borysov Valery
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of studying the influence of plant density on the expression of morphological traits such as plant height and ear formation in corn hybrids from different maturity groups. The soil of the experimental site was gray forest soil with a light loamy mechanical composition. The research used early-ripening corn hybrids: Anovi KS (FAO 220), EC Sirius (FAO 200), mid-early EC Perspect (FAO 240), DKC 3609 (FAO 260), and mid-ripening DKC 3939 (FAO 320), Harmonium (FAO 380), with planting densities of 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 thousand plants per hectare. The height of ear attachment was significantly influenced by plant height, and as the linear dimensions of the plant increased, the height of ear formation also increased, and vice versa. The formation of plant height and ear attachment height was significantly influenced by the maturity group of the hybrids. The results of the conducted studies established that the highest values for these traits were observed in the mid-maturity hybrids with a longer growing period – 265.13 cm and 106.03 cm, respectively. Among the studied corn hybrids, plant height and ear attachment height were as follows: Anovi KS (FAO 220) – 226.5 cm and 86.24 cm, EC Sirius (FAO 200) – 215.04 cm and 76.08 cm, EC Perspect (FAO 240) – 265.82 cm and 95.28 cm, DKC 3609 (FAO 320) – 264.4 cm and 106.74 cm, DKC 3939 (FAO 320) – 264.22 cm and 100.8 cm, and Harmonium (FAO 380) – 266.04 cm and 111.26 cm. Plant density also had a significant impact on the formation of morphological traits in the studied corn hybrids. Specifically, the highest values for these traits were observed as follows: for the Anovi KS (FAO 220) hybrid, plant height was 235.7 cm and ear attachment height was 86.1 cm at a density of 90 thousand plants per hectare; for EC Sirius (FAO 200), plant height was 223.7 cm at a density of 90 thousand plants per hectare, and ear attachment height was 82.7 cm at a density of 70 thousand plants per hectare; for EC Perspect (FAO 240), plant height was 270.9 cm at a density of 80 thousand plants per hectare, and ear attachment height was 100.8 cm at a density of 70 thousand plants per hectare; for DKC 3609 (FAO 260), plant height was 266.5 cm and ear attachment height was 110.9 cm at a density of 80 thousand plants per hectare; for DKC 3939 (FAO 320), plant height was 270.8 cm and ear attachment height was 102.7 cm at a density of 60 thousand plants per hectare; and for Harmonium (FAO 380), plant height was 271.3 cm at a density of 50 thousand plants per hectare, and ear attachment height was 113.8 cm at a density of 80 thousand plants per hectare. The use of the studied corn hybrids with optimal plant density parameters will allow the formation of high-intensity crops suitable for mechanized cultivation and harvesting, with high yields.
LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA, SAY ON POTATO PLANTINGS AND CONTROL OF ITS POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Shyta Oksana , Verheles Pavlo , Tsurkan Roman
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of research in 2021-2023 regarding the control of the population density of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.) on plantings of potatoes of the Myroslav variety under a one-time spraying with insecticides and the impact on the formation of crop yields. The influence of modern insecticides Koragen® 20 CS (chlorantraniliprole, 200 g/l) and Ampligo® 150 ZC, (chlorantraniliprole, 100 g/l + lambda-cyhalothrin, 50 g/l) on the number of Colorado beetle larvae (L1-L4) was investigated. in the conditions of the Kyiv Region, Belotserkiv District. During 2021-2023, the first instar larvae of the Colorado potato beetle appeared in the 1st - 2nd decades of June, and the mass appearance of the larvae of the pest occurred during the month. According to records made before spraying, the number of larvae of the Colorado potato beetle averaged 15.2 specimens/plant. Based on the data obtained during 2021-2023, the technical efficiency of the studied drugs against the larvae of the pest for two weeks was at the level of 100% compared to the control, the number of individuals on which during this period reached 44.4.4 specimens/plant, with the use of Dantop 50, HV on average - 5.9 copies/bush. It was noted that chlorantraniliprole has the ability to maintain a toxic effect not only on plants, but also on the soil surface for more than two weeks, which makes it impossible for beetles and pest larvae to migrate from the surrounding areas, because upon contact with the active substance, the insect immediately "paralyzes" and after 2-3 days she dies. The use of insecticides affected the formation of tuber productivity. Thus, the highest rate of preserved harvest was noted for the use of the drugs Koragen® 20 CS and Ampligo® 150 ZC at the level of 24.1 t/ha and 23.7 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control (without the use of insecticides). At the same time, on the variant with the reference insecticide Dantop 50, WG, this indicator was at the level of 14.9 t/ha, which is almost twice as low as compared to the areas where Koragen® 20 CS and Ampligo® 150 ZC were used.
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER EXTRACTS FROM DIFFERENT ORGANS OF WEEDS ON THE GERMINATION OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.
Authors: Okrushko Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The issue of chemical interaction between cultivated and weedy plants requires detailed study, because the start of competitive relations between them begins at the early stages of organogenesis. The working hypothesis of our research involves the different influence of water-soluble secretions of above-ground and underground organs of segetal vegetation on the germination processes of common bean seeds. The article summarizes the results of studying the phytotoxicity of certain organs of the most common weeds of Vinnytsia region on the germination of common bean seeds. The aim of the study was to establish the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts at a concentration of 1:10 from the root system, stems and leaves of weeds on beans at the initial stage of ontogenesis. Based on the results of biotesting, it was established that the presence of allelopathically active substances of all twelve experimental weed species had a negative effect on the germination of common bean seeds. In the control variant, all the seeds of the culture germinated in 4 days, while in the experimental variants 3-4% of the seeds were only in the swelling phase. Water extracts from various species and parts of weeds had a significant inhibitory effect on bean seed germination and subsequent growth. The influence of water-soluble secretions from the underground organs of perennial weeds: Elytrigia repens L. and Cirsium arvense L. was particularly strong. It led to a decrease of 43.1% and 41.7% of the length of the germinal root. Water-soluble secretions from the leaves of these weeds had a slightly smaller effect on bean germination - the delay in root growth was 28.4% and 26.3%. The effect of the knees of young weeds on the length of the radicle ranged from 25.7% (Erodium cicutarium L.) to 9.0% (Stellaria media L.). The allelopathic effect of substances from the leaves of Stellaria media L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., and Chenopodium album L. had the least effect on bean root growth. The lag from control was 5.0%, 11.7% and 13.9% according to the variants. The obtained research results allow us to place the phytotoxic effect of water-soluble secretions from the organs of weeds in descending order: underground organs (rhizome and root sprouts of perennial species; root system of few annual species)>stem>leaves.
Development of Combinatorial Optimization Models with Discrete Mathematics Methods in Mathematical Physics Courses
Authors: Astalini Astalini , Pino-Fan Luis Roberto , Boonsiri Somjai , Zainudeen U.L. , Aye Tin Nwe , Duong Vu
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This research aims to develop a combinatorial optimization model based on discrete mathematical methods that can be applied to mathematical physics problems in complex systems, such as molecular energy configurations and viscoelastic system simulations.
Methodology: The study used a development approach with ADDIE design (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data were obtained through interviews, simulations, and instrument validation involving lecturers and students of mathematical physics.
Main Findings: The results of the study showed that the developed model had an average accuracy of 85% and a time efficiency of 2.5 seconds per iteration. This model also received positive feedback from users, with an average satisfaction score of 4.6 out of 5.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of the research lies in the integration of discrete mathematical methods with combinatorial optimization to solve complex mathematical physics problems.
Unveiling the Complex Interplay Between Active Learning and Teacher Development: Insights from TIMSS 2022 in Georgia
Authors: Chumburidze Manana , Setiabudi Edy , Vassiliadou Maria , Hasanov Rovsen , Duangpaserth Khamphone
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the relationships between active learning, teacher professional development, and mathematics achievement, leveraging data from the 2022 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) in Georgia. By focusing on a national context that has undergone significant educational reforms, this research provides a unique perspective on the synergy between instructional strategies and student outcomes.
Methodology: Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 194 teachers engaged in professional development programs through a structured questionnaire. The analysis revealed robust psychometric properties for all constructs, with moderate relationships observed between active learning and mathematics achievement.
Main Findings: However, the hypothesized direct paths among active learning, teacher professional development, and student achievement were statistically significant, suggesting a more intricate interplay of contextual and mediating factors.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in its exploration of these relationships within Georgia’s educational landscape, where the intersection of professional development and active learning remains underexplored in international assessments. The findings underscore the complexity of translating pedagogical strategies into measurable improvements in student performance. Implications include the need for policymakers and educators to adopt integrated, context-sensitive approaches that address underlying factors such as teacher efficacy, classroom climate, and instructional quality. Furthermore, the study calls for future research to investigate mediating variables and longitudinal effects to uncover the mechanisms driving mathematics achievement and to inform the design of more effective educational interventions.
Exploring Educational Equity: New Insights from TIMSS and National Achievement Metrics in Tunisia
Authors: Abdaoui Noura , Brahim Ahmat , Ahmed Tasabeeh , Prihatin Laela Tri , Akpo Simon Eno
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This paper investigates the relationship between mathematics achievement in the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and two key school achievement measures—grades and national test results—in Tunisia. Going beyond previous studies, this research also explores how these relationships differ across diverse student subgroups, providing a nuanced understanding of educational equity.
Methodology:Give name, Employing robust statistical analyses, the study uncovers a strong positive correlation between TIMSS mathematics scores and both grade 6 and grade 9 achievement measures, underscoring TIMSS’s reliability as an indicator of student performance in the national context. Notably, students from more educated households consistently outperformed their peers from less-educated backgrounds on TIMSS, and the association between TIMSS scores and school achievement measures was significantly stronger for students from advantaged home environments.
Main Findings: These findings suggest that socioeconomic factors and school contexts critically shape TIMSS performance, highlighting disparities in educational outcomes. Furthermore, the results call for a re-evaluation of how TIMSS data is interpreted and utilized in national education policies, especially in addressing inequities. By illuminating the complex interplay between individual backgrounds, school contexts, and standardized assessments, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of TIMSS as both a tool for measuring student achievement and a reflection of systemic challenges.
Novelty/Originality of this study: These insights have profound implications for policymakers, educators, and researchers seeking to leverage TIMSS data for meaningful educational improvements while ensuring equity across diverse student populations.
A Case Study of Lithuanian Language Skills Development for Ukrainian Children in First Grade
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University. Education Academy. Institute of Teacher Education, Jakavonytė-Staškuvienė Daiva , Mickutė Greta ,   Vytautas Magnus University. Education Academy. Institute of Teacher Education
Published: December 2024

Ukrainian children entering the first-grade face difficulties adapting and learning the Lithuanian language. Individual Lithuanian language lessons were conducted to develop the areas of Ukrainian Lithuanian linguistic activity. The data collected during the lessons was recorded in the observation protocols to determine the change in the students’ Lithuanian language level. The purpose of the study is to investigate the development of Lithuanian language skills of Ukrainian pupils in the first grade, when they study together with Lithuanian-speaking pupils. The objectives of the research: to analyse the methodological and scientific literature, clarifying the concept of education of foreign children’s Lithuanian language ability; to discuss the successes and problems of language education of Ukrainian children in the first grade; to describe the level of Lithuanian language skills of Ukrainians before the beginning of their education and 8 months later; to analyse and summarise the most successful activities for Ukrainian students and the achievements of the Lithuanian language.
Kahoot as an Assessment Tool
Authors:   Rīgas Tehniskā Universitāte. Datorzinātnes, informācijas tehnoloģijas un enerģētikas fakultāte, Tataurova Viktorija , Martinova Jekaterina ,   Rīgas Tehniskā Universitāte. Datorzinātnes, informācijas tehnoloģijas un enerģētikas fakultāte
Published: December 2024

Covid-19 has led to tremendous changes in the educational system; it has shown that some of the classes might and should be delivered remotely. However, there still exist some problems in maintaining the students’ attention for 90 minutes straight in front of the computer screens. It is especially noticeable in the foreign language classroom, where the focus has shifted from the coursebook-bound classes to the student-centred approach.

One of the essential competences that foreign language teachers in the 21st century classroom should possess is digital competence and the ability to embrace the possibilities information technology has to offer.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential of the use of the game-based application Kahoot! as a formative assessment. For the purposes of this paper, there have been classes designed based on the biographical drama The Laundromat. The classes were aimed at terminology facilitation and at different stages of the classes Kahoot! was applied as a formative assessment tool. After all classes were carried out, Kahoot! was also used as a summative assessment tool in combination with an online test conducted in Moodle. To establish the view of the students on the application of Kahoot! in the foreign language classroom, a questionnaire was administered on the online survey platform visidati.lv.
8. un 9. klases skolēnu vārdu krājuma apguve vācu valodā, izmantojot un neizmantojot informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas
Authors:   Ulbrokas vidusskola, Zālīte Jūlija
Published: December 2024

In an age where information and communication technologies are being used in all areas of education, the question arises whether mobile phones and various digital tools can help in learning a foreign language. This study analyzes 8th and 9th grade German language lessons where a new vocabulary about nature was taught with and without the use of information and communication technologies. The aim of this study is to determine how students learn new vocabulary more effectively, using the latest technologies or learning words in the traditional way with the help of dictionaries and notebooks.
Through the analysis of the lessons, it was found that in the short term, the vocabulary learned with the help of communication and technology is practically equal in quantity to the vocabulary learned without computers and mobile phones. However, in the long term, students remember better the new words learned with the help of printed dictionaries and notebooks/flashcards.
Cultural Symbols in Teaching French as a Foreign Language
Authors:   Rīgas Tehniskā Universitāte. Liepājas Akadēmija. Humanitāro un mākslas zinātņu centrs, Belajev Oleg
Published: December 2024

The article deals with methodological issues related to ensuring the presence of French culture in practical classes of French, with the focus that culture is an integral part of the language and provides comprehensive acquisition of the French language. This culturally related material during classes gives students the opportunity to gain knowledge about France, including current topics. When working with cultural issues students can deepen and build systematic knowledge of the country (France), its history, geography, population, political system, literature and more, as well as understand the French people’s characteristics, traditions and customs. This article will mainly look at the contemporary French language, vocabulary and spelling.

In the process of teaching students modern French there is a need to discuss also French people’s character traits, beliefs and values, behaviour, sense of humour, relaxation and entertainment, eating and drinking, health and hygiene, and the government. Efficient use of culture in learning French depends on its systematic and systemic classroom practice throughout the school year.
Mucormycosis: An Increasing Concern; Experience From A Tertiary Care Centre.
Authors: Nayyar Charu , Kapoor Dimple , Mohta Mahesh , Sethi Sankalp , Singh Navdeep , Swami P C , Bansal Cherry
Published: December 2024

Background: Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive life threatening infection caused by the fungus belonging to the order Mucorales and family Mucoraceae. The prevalence of mucormycosis is on a rising trend. The known risk factors for mucormycosis includes uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, malignancies such as lymphomas, leukemia, organ transplant, long term corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy, renal failure, burns, protein-energy-malnutrition etc.
Methods: This is a prospective study conducted over a period of six months. Samples showing broad aseptate ribbon like fungal hyphae were included in the study. Clinical, demographic details, risk factors, results of radiological and pathological investigations were collected and analysed.
Results: In the study period, 76 samples were received for KOH examination in the laboratory, out of which 15 samples were found to be positive for broad aseptate ribbon like fungal hyphae. The mean age of the study group was 43.4 years. Out of 15 patients, 66.6% were males and 33.3% were females. All the cases were of Rhinocerebral mucormycosis and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus was the risk factor present in all the cases. Five patients were diagnosed with diabetes at the time of admission. Three cases presented with diabetic ketoacidosis, two cases had chronic kidney disease and one was a known case of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Conclusion: In the past few years, there has been a steady increase in the cases of mucormycosis, both worldwide and in India. As the disease progresses rapidly, prompt diagnosis and early management plays a crucial role in survival of the patient.
Mobile App for Rating Health Care Facilities and to Report on Respectful Maternity Care in Public Sector Hospitals: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jayagowri Sastry  , Papa Dasari  , Mahalakshmy T  , Kayathri Karthikeyan  , Jane Fischer
Published: December 2024

Over the past two decades there has been a substantial reduction in maternal mortality World over due to various strategies adopted to reduce the same. One of the strategies was institutionalizing child birth and at present in India 85% of the births takes place in medical settings. This has led to overcrowding of health care facilities and disrespect and abuse  (D&A) surfaced, making it  necessary  to  preserve Respectful maternity care (RMC) which has become one of the integral part of maternal and child health programmes. The standards as categorised by Browser and Hill (2010) are cumbersome and require long hours to collect data to assess RMC. There is a need for simple methods of knowing D&A so that measures can be taken to correct and eliminate the same. We developed a simple App for assessing quality of health care facilities and reporting D&A and did a study to pilot test the App involving postpartum women and Birth companions. Overall the prevalence of D&A was 47% and the most common type was non-dignified care.
Extremely High Triglyceride In A Beta Thalassemia Minor Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Ghosh Anannya , Sanchayan Sinha  , Chowdhury Neepa
Published: December 2024

Introduction: hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric population whether familial or acquired is associated with Diabetes Mellitus type 1, uremia, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome etc. abnormal serum lipid levels are associated with premature atherosclerosis. It is also seen that there is an association of hypertriglyceridemia with beta thalassemia in some cases which indicates the poor prognosis.
Materials and methods: in this context here, we are reporting a case of beta thalassemia minor with extremely high triglyceride level. A 2-year-old male child with history of failure to thrive and mild to moderate anemia was investigated for complete blood count (CBC), hemoglobin typing, lipid profile, renal function test, liver function test, thyroid profile and the electrolytes.
Result: The Hb typing showed elevated HbA2, CBC showed microcytic hypochromic anemia, triglyceride level was 2010 mg/dl. His father and mother are both beta thalassemia minor patient
Conclusion: as hypertriglyceridemia in beta thalassemia is reversible, care should be taken to prevent persistent hypertriglyceridemia which increases chance of atherosclerosis and pancreatitis
Understanding the Pattern of Fatalities During Extreme Heat Waves: A Comprehensive Analysis of Hot Summer-Related Deaths
Authors: Karen Harshitha
Published: December 2024

There is widening data gaps in heatwave deaths in India amidst record-breaking temperatures. Heat related morbidities and mortalities are poorly defined and identified in a developing country that is bearing the onslaught of extreme heat waves that worsen every summer. Discrepancies are highlighted between data reported by various agencies regarding heat-related fatalities, raising concerns about the accuracy and consistency of information. The guidelines and policies that are in place to deal with this emergency are not adequate in comparison to the severity of the issue at hand.
Clinicians and medical officers who declare death and perform postmortem examination are not fully sensitized as to the importance of certifying an illness or death to be consequent to effects of heat waves.
 Further, the lack of research into the corelation between crime and temperature in an Indian context tend to severely handicap the implementation of administrative and governing policies due to lack of knowledge. Such policies can abate the crime sprees that tend to increase during heat waves.
This article comprehensively aims to describe and elucidate the pattern of mortalities and morbidities that occur during extreme heat waves and hopes to inspire further research into the same to better understand and combat the effects of such avoidable fatalities.
Participation for Development of Health Massage Establishments Under COVID-19 Outbreak: A Case Study of Phetchabun Province
Authors: Boadsaporn Anusornpanichakul  , Pannawit Khampangngam  , Kiattisak Saeio
Published: December 2024

This study purposed to study participation to develop entrepreneurs of health massage establishments in Phetchabun Province, using the model by Cohen and Uphoff (1980) and to investigate their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). 74 entrepreneurs were recruited by purposive selection. Descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test were used in analysis results.Firstly, input were relevant regulations and government announcements. Secondly, participation procedures were implemented included decision-making, implementation, benefits, and evaluation. Thirdly, output were most of the entrepreneurs completely achieved and were approved to reopen. Lastly, outcomes were they became knowledgeable and developed skills, their establishments were standardized with hygienic services.These findings found that mean of knowledge, attitude, practice, and site assessment were significantly increased (p-value<0.01). To summarize, a community development program can be succeeded through active and voluntary involvement of members in all stages. Also, carrying out a development projects using participation developed knowledge, attitude, and practice of the entrepreneurs. Community members could be promoted to raise awareness and encouraged to attend activities while regional agencies contributed intensive assistances.
A Study On Clinical Response And Toxicity In Locally Advanced Head And Neck Cancers
Authors: Dasari Praveena  , B Sweta  , G David Chakravarthi  , P Naga Jyothi
Published: December 2024

Background: Treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer is a clinical challenge and requires aggressive and concerted measures. Radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy is the standard curative treatment strategy for the locally advanced head and neck cancer. The ultimate aim of radiation therapy is the maximum local control of the tumour with minimal toxicity. Objectives: To assess the clinical response of treatment using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) (version1.1) criteria. To assess the toxicities among the study population during chemo-radiation. Methodology: Hospital based observational prospective study was conducted at Department of Radiation oncology, in a Tertiary cancer care centre among Head and neck Cancer patients. Results: Most common site of head and neck cancer in the study was oral cavity followed by oropharynx and hypo pharynx. At the end of 4th week 58.33% had grade1 and 33.33% grade 2 mucositis. Response to treatment was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Mucositis was significant toxicities during treatment followed by dysphagia and radiation dermatitis. Complete response is seen in 50% of the patients clinically and radiologically. No patient died during treatment or at follow up.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and role of serological and molecular assay in HCV detection and management: A step towards achieving the aim of National Viral Hepatitis Control Program (NVHCP)
Authors: Solanke-Surase Vaishali , Wanjare Shashir , RanjanaN.Thate  , ChayaA.Kumar  , Nataraj Gita
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small, enveloped, single stranded RNA virus of Flaviviridae
family. HCV causes both acute and chronic infection. Diagnosis of HCV can be done by indirect serological tests that detect antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) and direct test that
detects and quantifies components of viral RNA particles. As per CDC recommendation;
HCV testing should be initiated with anti-HCV test, those anti-HCV positive/reactive should
have follow-up testing with Nucleic Acid Test. If the HCV RNA is detected, patient should be directed for the treatment with highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA). This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of HCV infection, to estimate presumptive HCV infection by using serological assay by anti-HCV ELISA, to estimate the current HCV infection by detecting HCV-RNA using RT-PCR molecular assay and, to highlight the role of HCV RNA for initiation of treatment.
Methods:
This study is retrospective observational analysis of 36500 samples obtained for anti-HCV
ELISA test from Jan to Dec 2022. The ELISA kit used was a 3rd generation sandwich assay.
All ELISA positive samples were tested for HCV RNA, by automated qRT-PCR method.
Results:
Out of 36500 samples, 361 tested positive by anti-HCV ELISA with 0.9% seroprevalence.
Out of 361, only 336 were tested for HCV RNA. Of 336, 240 samples were negative as target not detected, and 96 samples showed values as viral copies in IU/mL. Most common age group affected was 18-40 years, for both serology and molecular test.
Conclusion:   
In current study, only 96 samples showed viral copies indicating current HCV infection and need to start treatment. Hepatitis C is curable; with the availability of highly effective DAA both in a brand and generic form can cure > 95% of infected people, so the possibility of achieving the target of elimination HCV by 2030 can be predicted.
Psycho-Social Morbidity And Its Determinants Among Geriatric Population In A Rural Field Practice Area –A Cross –Sectional Study
Authors: D.Sivakumar  , S.Suganthi  , P.Parthiban  , J.Nagarajan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: One in four older adults worldwide, suffer from mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and dementia, according to the WHO. Studies indicate high rates of depression, anxiety, and dementia among older adults, emphasizing the need for comprehensive healthcare strategies. Addressing psychosocial morbidities through early identification and intervention is crucial for improving the quality of life for elderly individuals in India.The objective of the present study is to study the prevalence and determinants of psychosocial morbidity in elderly patients in the geriatric clinicTop of ForBottom of Form
Methodology :  This is a cross-sectional community based study conducted in a rural field practice area of Government Vellore Medical College,Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. The study population constituted of individuals aged >60 years .The study used a sample size of 91. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as the level of significance for the statistical tests. Depression and dementia were screened using standardized scales, and data analysis was performed using SPSS.
Results :About 39 (42.8%) were habituated to alcohol. 47 (51.65%) sometimes faced social maladjustment and 3 (3. 2%)   always live with social maladjustments. 41[45.1%] reported anxiety. Dementia was diagnosed in 25.3% and 56% of the people reported depression according to a psychological assessment.
Conclusion:Early identification and intervention for mental health conditions, along with programs promoting social engagement and healthy lifestyles, are crucial in enhancing the quality of life for the growing elderly population.
Assessment of patient’s feedback regarding services provided in healthcare in Uttar Pradesh: An observational study
Authors: Santosh Kumar Barman  , Samarjeet Kaur  , Sonam  , Navin Kumar  , Aradhna Yadav  , Seema Barman
Published: December 2024

Background: Patients have certain expectations provision of healthcare delivery when they approach a healthcare facility. It has been observed that satisfied patients are more likely to follow medical advice and comply with treatment recommendation.
Objective: Assessment of patient’s feedback regarding services provided in healthcare facility.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. It was conducted in a healthcare institute situated in Kanpur district. The study was conducted from January 2024 to March 2024. Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Likert scale items.
Results: Overall 92.1% of the patient rated care received during the visit   as either  fair, good, very good or excellent with the services given by the care providers. Similarly, majority (99%) of the participants reported satisfaction with the Attitude & communication of doctors.
Conclusion: Majority of participants, both OPD and IPD, agreed that behaviour of hospital staff was good, doctors and nurses spent adequate time with patients, and detailed information about illness and treatment was provided to them by doctors. Finally, a system for patients’ feedback may be institutionalized at all health facilities to improve quality of healthcare.
Cross sectional Study on Academic and health impact of Social media usage in Medical students of Hyderabad Telangana
Authors: K Srinivasulu  , Meka Sahasra Reddy  , Bhamidipati Janaki  , Tirandas Tejaswini  , Kunche Sowjanya
Published: December 2024

Social media is a way of electronic communication through which people share their ideas, knowledge and information. Social media users are increasing worldwide. Medical students are also extensively using various social media platforms for academic and non academic purposes. A cross sectional study on impact of social media in academics of medical students of Hyderabad, Telangana was conducted in a medical college of Hyderabad. 200 Medical students participated in the study. Socio demographic and academic details including their usage of social media was collected in the form a pre structured questionnaire, the information obtained from each participant was taken in to MS excel sheet and the data was analyzed with SPSS software. Study results reveal majority of students are using social media for fun and entertainment and academic usage is very minimal. Students are spending more hours at late night causing ill effects to their physical and mental health. We also found social media hampering their effective study hours. Students arefrequently absent to classes, distraction in the class room and poor performance in their academics was observed among extensive users in the study group. Males are predominant among extensive users and academic impact also observed more in male participants. Students from highly educated and financially sound families are extensive users of social media. Similar results were found in other studies.
Knowledge And Implementation Practices Of Standard Intensive Care Services: Underlying Characteristics Of Bangladeshi Healthcare Providers Context
Authors: Most. Farida Begum  , Bilkis Banu  , Nasrin Akter  , SujanaHaque Chowdhury  , Nusrat Hossain Sheba  , Shahnaz Begam
Published: December 2024

The concept of intensive care is emerging in Bangladesh, but it is receiving less attention. Among junior doctorsknowledge gaps are especially common regarding emergency care. To determine knowledge and implementation practices of standard intensive care services among healthcare providers in Bangladesh. From February to May 2023, a cross-sectional research of doctors and nurses running the intensive care unit (ICU) in Bangladesh's Barisal district was carried out. Participants filled out confidential, self-administered knowledge and practice questionnaires. There were a total of 80 respondents, including 86.3% of young people (age less than 40) and 73.8% of female respondents. It was found that physicians (AOR/p=13.16/0.02; 95% CI: 1.41-122.92) who had less ICU work experience (5 years) (AOR/p=13.98/0.01; 95% CI: 2.35-83.26) were found to have significantly poor knowledge. It was found that doctors with less than five years of experience working in an intensive care unit (AOR/p=6.07/0.03; 95% CI: 1.16-31.64) and no ICU training (AOR/p=5.82/0.04; 95% CI: 1.09-30.81) significantly performed poorly when providing ICU services. Standard intensive care education for gaining better knowledge should be. Additionally, it is encouraged to determine the likely causes that make it challenging for intensive care units to implement best practices.