bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bone marrows from neuroblastoma patients: An excellent source for tumor genome analyses
Authors: Abbasi M. Reza , Rifatbegovic Fikret , Brunner Clemens , Ladenstein Ruth , Ambros Inge M. , Ambros Peter F.
Published: October 2014

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra‐cranial solid tumor in childhood. Presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) at diagnosis and at relapse is a common event in stage M neuroblastomas. Although the clinical heterogeneity of disseminated neuroblastomas is frequently associated with genomic diversity, so far, only little information exists about the genomic status of DTCs. This lack of knowledge is mainly due to the varying amount of BM infiltrating tumor cells, which is usually below 30% even at diagnosis thereby hampering systematic analyses. Thus, a valuable chance to analyze metastatic and relapse clones is, so far, completely unexploited. In this study, we show that the enrichment of tumor cells in fresh or DMSO frozen BM samples with a minimum of 0.05% or 0.1% infiltration rate, respectively, by applying magnetic bead‐based technique increased the DTC content to a sufficient level to allow SNP array analyses in 49 out of 69 samples. In addition, we successfully used non‐enriched BM samples with ≥30% DTCs including non‐stained and immunostained cytospin and BM smear slides for SNP array analyses in 44 cases. We analyzed the genomic profile of DTCs by an ultra‐high density SNP array technique with highest performance detecting all segmental chromosomal aberrations, amplified regions, acquired loss of heterozygosity events and minor aberrations affecting single genes or parts thereof.
Finite-size effects in parametric subharmonic instability
Authors: Bourget Baptiste , Scolan Hélène , Dauxois Thierry , Le Bars Michael , Odier Philippe , Joubaud Sylvain
Published: October 2014

The parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) in stratified fluids depends on the frequency and the amplitude of the primary plane wave. In this paper, we present experimental and numerical results emphasizing that the finite width of the beam also plays an important role on this triadic instability. A new theoretical approach based on a simple energy balance is developed and compared with numerical and experimental results. Owing to the finite width of the primary wave beam, the secondary pair of waves can leave the interaction zone which affects the transfer of energy. Experimental and numerical results are in good agreement with the prediction of this theory, which brings new insights on energy transfers in the ocean where internal waves with finite-width beams are dominant.
Drop motion through a confining orifice
Authors: Bordoloi Ankur D. , Longmire Ellen K.
Published: October 2014

The motion of gravity-driven deformable drops (Bond number, $\mathit{Bo}\sim 0.8{-}11$) through a circular confining orifice (ratio of orifice diameter to drop diameter, $d/D<1$) was studied using high-speed imaging. Drops of water/glycerin, surrounded by silicone oil, fall toward and encounter the orifice plate after reaching terminal speed. The effects of surface wettability were investigated for both round-edged and sharp-edged orifices. For the round-edged case, a thin film of surrounding oil prevents the drop fluid from contacting the orifice surface, such that the flow outcomes of the drops are independent of surface wettability. For $d/D<0.8$, the boundary between drop capture and release depends on a modified Bond number relating drop gravitational time scale to orifice surface tension time scale and is independent of viscosity ratio. Drops that release break into multiple fragments for larger $\mathit{Bo}$ and smaller $d/D$. For the sharp-edged case, a contact is initiated at the orifice edge immediately upon impact, such that surface wettability influences the drop outcome. When the surface is hydrophobic, the contact line motion through the orifice enhances penetration of the drop fluid, but the trailing interface becomes pinned at the orifice edge, inhibiting drop release. When the surface is hydrophilic, a fraction of the drop fluid is always captured because the drop fluid spreads on both the upper and lower plate surfaces.
‘Fire Burn and Cauldron Bubble’: Iron Age and Early Roman Cauldrons of Britain and Ireland
Authors: Joy Jody
Published: October 2014

‘A man can live to 50 but a cauldron will live to 100’ – Old Kazakh saying

This paper presents a re-examination of Iron Age and early Roman cauldrons, a little studied but important artefact class that have not been considered as a group since the unpublished study of Loughran of 1989. Cauldrons are categorised into two broad types (projecting-bellied and globular) and four groups. New dating evidence is presented, pushing the dating of these cauldrons back to the 4th centurybc. A long held belief that cauldrons are largely absent from Britain and Ireland between 600 and 200bcis also challenged through this re-dating and the identification of cauldrons dating from 600–400bc. Detailed examination of the technology of manufacture and physical evidence of use and repair indicates that cauldrons are technically accomplished objects requiring great skill to make. Many have been extensively repaired, showing they were in use for some time. It is argued that owing to their large capacity cauldrons were not used every day but were instead used at large social gatherings, specifically at feasts. The social role of feasting is explored and it is argued that cauldrons derive much of their significance from their use at feasts, making them socially powerful objects, likely to be selected for special deposition.
Pervasive legal threats to protected areas in Brazil
Authors: de Marques Ana Alice Biedzicki , Peres Carlos A.
Published: October 2014

Brazil safeguards a vast network of parks and reserves, termed conservation units. The creation of conservation units follows a rigorous legal protocol that grants them long-term stability under varying degrees of formal protection against land-use change. Degazettement, downsizing or downgrading any conservation unit requires a law to be passed. Recent shifts in Brazilian conservation policy have, however, favoured infrastructure projects and agricultural land conversion, even when these initiatives are in direct conflict with established conservation units. Several bills have been proposed by the National Congress, threatening 27 conservation units and bringing the long-term political stability and legal immunity of hitherto sacrosanct reserves into serious question.
Discourses of minority francophone space: The emergent role of an Acadian cultural center
Authors: Keating Kelle L.
Published: October 2014

Recent studies documenting minority linguistic space in urban settings have focused on cities' linguistic landscapes, and external signage is often taken to index linguistic practices within businesses, government offices, and other establishments. To shed light on linguistic practices in culturally significant spaces of this sort, it is helpful to consider social actors' discursive construction of the spaces themselves. This article describes discourses of minority francophone space elicited from members and associates of Moncton, New Brunswick'sCentre culturel Aberdeen. The data are analyzed according to Lefebvre's (1974/1991) conceived, perceived, and lived spaces and Heller & Labrie's (2004) modernizing and globalizing discourses. The present findings demonstrate that, while Aberdeen's conceived space is francophone, other languages are spoken in Aberdeen's perceived space. Participants also describe Aberdeen's lived space as bilingual, mediating between anglophones and francophones. These discourses, coupled with changes in the Centre's charter, suggest an emergent, plural conception of minority francophone space. (Francophone, minority, Canada, Acadian, discourse, social space)*
Developments toward hard X-ray radiography on heavy-ion heated dense plasmas
Authors: Li K. , Borm B. , Hug F. , Khaghani D. , Löher B. , Savran D. , Tahir N. A. , Neumayer P.
Published: October 2014

We have studied the potential of hard X-ray radiography as a diagnostic in high energy density experiments, proposed for the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). We present synthetic radiographic images generated from hydrodynamic simulations of the target evolution. The results suggest that high-resolution density measurements can be obtained from powerful hard X-ray sources driven by a PW-class high-energy laser system. Test measurements of a prototype hard X-ray imaging detector for photon energies above 100 keV are presented.
Leave Taking: Materialities of Moving Over Land
Authors: Novak Shannon A.
Published: November 2014

Drawing on recent theories of materiality and non-human agency, this article examines the aftermath of a compelling episode in American history, the Mountain Meadows massacre of 1857. In particular, I focus on certain ‘extensions’ of the massacre victims, as they encounter and become entangled with other material traces and embodied remembrances over the course of the twentieth century. An initial illustration of this process is drawn from the life history of an Arkansas native whose movements to and from his homeland have entangled him in the vast assemblage brought together by the events at Mountain Meadows. I then turn to the rupture in this assemblage that was triggered in 1999 by the exposure of human bones at the massacre site. Materiality theory highlights the ways in which some objects (or their parts) persist and remain inalienable, while others circulate with varying degrees of freedom. Patterns of persistence and circulation are analysed here by focusing on two kinds of objects with intimate ties to the massacre victims: the bodies of the 17 surviving children, and six buttons made of glass and metal.
The Exalted Column, the Hejaz Railway and imperial legitimation in late Ottoman Haifa
Authors: TALBOT MICHAEL
Published: October 2014

This article examines the political and social tensions of late Ottoman Haifa through the history of the Hejaz Railway and a particular monument, the ‘Exalted Column’ (Sütūn-u ʿĀlī), a monument erected in 1903 to commemorate the beginning of Ottoman construction on the Haifa railway branch. By first establishing the use of railways and railway architecture as a means of exerting state power in a comparative and local perspective, the railway structures in Haifa are analysed in the context of that city's other monumental buildings. This then leads to a discussion of theSütūn-u ʿĀlīas a celebration of Ottoman authority and modernity, and of the developing Ottoman–German alliance. The symbolism of the column's iconography is shown to reflect a variety of problems that the Ottoman state faced in Haifa at the turn of the twentieth century.
‘[The Irish] find much difficulty in these auxiliaries . . .puttingwillforshallwith the first person’: the decline of first-personshallin Ireland, 1760–1890
Authors: McCAFFERTY KEVIN , AMADOR-MORENO CAROLINA P.
Published: October 2014

Among prescriptivists, the Irish have long had a reputation for not following the rule requiring a distinction betweenshallwith first-person andwillwith other grammatical subjects. Recent shift towardswillwith all persons in North American English – now also affecting British English – has been attributed to the influence of Irish immigrants. The present study of data from theCorpus of Irish English Correspondence(CORIECOR) finds that Irish English has not always preferredwill. Rather, the present-day situation emerged in Irish English between the late eighteenth and late nineteenth centuries. This important period covers the main language shift from Irish to English, and simplification in the acquisition process may account for the Irish English use ofwill.

In eighteenth-century Irish English,shallpredominated. Comparison with other colonial Englishes of the period – US English (Kytö 1991) and Canadian English (Dollinger 2008) – and with north-west British English (Dollinger 2008) shows broadly similar cross-varietal distributions of first-personshallandwill. Irish English shifted rapidly towardswillby the 1880s, but was not unusual in this respect; a similar development took place at the same time in Canadian English, which may indicate a more general trend, at least in colonial Englishes. It is thus doubtful that Irish English influence drove the change towards first-personwill.

We suggest the change might be associated with increasing literacy and accompanying colloquialisation (Mair 1997; Biber 2003; Leechet al.2009: 239ff.). As Rissanen (1999: 212) observes, and Dollinger corroborates for north-west British English,willpersisted in regional Englishes after the rise of first-personshallin the standard language. Increased use ofwillmight have been an outcome of wider literacy leading to more written texts, like letters, being produced by members of lower social strata, whose more nonstandard/vernacular usage was thus recorded in writing. There are currently few regional letter corpora for testing this hypothesis more widely. However, we suggest that, in nineteenth-century Ireland, increasing literacy may have helped spread first-personwillas a change from below. The shift to first-personwillthat is apparent in CORIECOR would then result from greater lower-class literacy, and this might be a key to understanding this change in other Englishes too.
The development of the Englishbe+ V-ende/V-ingperiphrasis: from emphatic to progressive marker?
Authors: KILLIE KRISTIN
Published: October 2014

The article discusses the grammaticalization of thebe+ V-ende/V-ingperiphrasis as a progressive marker. On the basis of quantitative data, it is claimed that the periphrasis started out as an emphatic alternative to the simple tenses. Its length, unusualness and optionality made it well suited as an emphatic marker. In the Early Modern English period (c. 1500–1700), the periphrasis was reinterpreted as an emphatic progressive marker. The prototypical – so-called focalized – use of the construction gradually became obligatory (from the nineteenth century onwards). This caused the focalized use of the periphrasis to lose its emphasis, while the so-called durative use of the construction has remained optional and emphatic to this day, like the subjective uses of the periphrasis. The article also explores the question of influence from Latin on the periphrasis in the Old English period (i.e. up toc.1100), concluding that any such influence is likely to have consisted in a reinforcing effect.
Heuristics in primary care for recognition of unreported vision loss in older people: a technology development study
Authors: Wijeyekoon Skanda , Kharicha Kalpa , Iliffe Steve
Published: October 2014

Aim

To evaluate heuristics (rules of thumb) for recognition of undetected vision loss in older patients in primary care.

Background

Vision loss is associated with ageing, and its prevalence is increasing. Visual impairment has a broad impact on health, functioning and well-being. Unrecognised vision loss remains common, and screening interventions have yet to reduce its prevalence. An alternative approach is to enhance practitioners’ skills in recognising undetected vision loss, by having a more detailed picture of those who are likely not to act on vision changes, report symptoms or have eye tests. This paper describes a qualitative technology development study to evaluate heuristics for recognition of undetected vision loss in older patients in primary care.

Method

Using a previous modelling study, two heuristics in the form of mnemonics were developed to aid pattern recognition and allow general practitioners to identify potential cases of unreported vision loss. These heuristics were then analysed with experts.

Findings

It was concluded that their implementation in modern general practice was unsuitable and an alternative solution should be sort.
DERIVED LOGARITHMIC GEOMETRY I
Authors: Sagave Steffen , Schürg Timo , Vezzosi Gabriele
Published: October 2014

In order to develop the foundations of derived logarithmic geometry, we introduce a model category of logarithmic simplicial rings and a notion of derived log-étale maps, and use them to define derived log stacks.
Distinct soil microbial diversity under long-term organic and conventional farming
Authors: Hartmann Martin , Frey Beat , Mayer Jochen , Mäder Paul , Widmer Franco
Published: October 2014

Low-input agricultural systems aim at reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in order to improve sustainable production and ecosystem health. Despite the integral role of the soil microbiome in agricultural production, we still have a limited understanding of the complex response of microbial diversity to organic and conventional farming. Here we report on the structural response of the soil microbiome to more than two decades of different agricultural management in a long-term field experiment using a high-throughput pyrosequencing approach of bacterial and fungal ribosomal markers. Organic farming increased richness, decreased evenness, reduced dispersion and shifted the structure of the soil microbiota when compared with conventionally managed soils under exclusively mineral fertilization. This effect was largely attributed to the use and quality of organic fertilizers, as differences became smaller when conventionally managed soils under an integrated fertilization scheme were examined. The impact of the plant protection regime, characterized by moderate and targeted application of pesticides, was of subordinate importance. Systems not receiving manure harboured a dispersed and functionally versatile community characterized by presumably oligotrophic organisms adapted to nutrient-limited environments. Systems receiving organic fertilizer were characterized by specific microbial guilds known to be involved in degradation of complex organic compounds such as manure and compost. The throughput and resolution of the sequencing approach permitted to detect specific structural shifts at the level of individual microbial taxa that harbours a novel potential for managing the soil environment by means of promoting beneficial and suppressing detrimental organisms.
Inductively guided circuits for ultracold dressed atoms
Authors: Sinuco-León German A. , Burrows Kathryn A. , Arnold Aidan S. , Garraway Barry M.
Published: October 2014

Recent progress in optics, atomic physics and material science has paved the way to study quantum effects in ultracold atomic alkali gases confined to non-trivial geometries. Multiply connected traps for cold atoms can be prepared by combining inhomogeneous distributions of DC and radio-frequency electromagnetic fields with optical fields that require complex systems for frequency control and stabilization. Here we propose a flexible and robust scheme that creates closed quasi-one-dimensional guides for ultracold atoms through the ‘dressing’ of hyperfine sublevels of the atomic ground state, where the dressing field is spatially modulated by inductive effects over a micro-engineered conducting loop. Remarkably, for commonly used atomic species (for example, 7Li and 87Rb), the guide operation relies entirely on controlling static and low-frequency fields in the regimes of radio-frequency and microwave frequencies. This novel trapping scheme can be implemented with current technology for micro-fabrication and electronic control.
Functional Phylogenetics Reveals Contributions of Pleiotropic Peptide Action to Ligand-Receptor Coevolution
Authors: Jiang Hongbo , Wei Zhaojun , Nachman Ronald J. , Adams Michael E. , Park Yoonseong
Published: October 2014

The evolution of peptidergic signaling has been accompanied by a significant degree of ligand-receptor coevolution. Closely related clusters of peptide signaling molecules are observed to activate related groups of receptors, implying that genes encoding these ligands may orchestrate an array of functions, a phenomenon known as pleiotropy. Here we examine whether pleiotropic actions of peptide genes might influence ligand-receptor coevolution. Four test groups of neuropeptides characterized by conserved C-terminal amino acid sequence motifs and their cognate receptors were examined in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum): 1) cardioacceleratory peptide 2b (CAPA); CAPAr, 2) pyrokinin/diapause hormone (PK1/DH); PKr-A, -B, 3) pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating hormone (PK2/PBAN); PKr-C and 4) ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH); ETHr-b. Ligand-receptor specificities were established through heterologous expression of receptors in cell-based assays for 9 endogenous ligands. Based on ligand-receptor specificity analysis, we found positive pleiotropism exhibited by ETH on ETHR-b and CAPAr, whereas PK1/DH and CAPA are more highly selective for their respective authentic receptors than would be predicted by phylogenetic analysis. Disparities between evolutionary trees deduced from receptor sequences vs. functional ligand-receptor specificities lead to the conclusion that pleiotropy exhibited by peptide genes influences ligand-receptor coevolution.
Classification of cervical cytology for human papilloma virus (HPV) infection using biospectroscopy and variable selection techniques
Authors: Lima Kássio M. G. , Gajjar Ketan , Valasoulis George , Nasioutziki Maria , Kyrgiou Maria , Karakitsos Petros , Paraskevaidis Evangelos , Martin Hirsch Pierre L. , Martin Francis L.
Published: October 2014

Cervical cytology collection towards spectral acquisition followed by variable selection for classification analysis.
Rapid analysis of essential oils in fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. by microwave distillation and simultaneous headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Wu Dan , Chen Kun , Xu Mei , Song Guoxin , Hu Yaoming , Cheng Hefa
Published: October 2014

A fast, solvent-free method for determining essential oils in fruits ofAlpinia oxyphylla Miq.and, potentially, other plant materials.
Band gap grading and photovoltaic performance of solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)S2 thin-film solar cells
Authors: Sohn So Hyeong , Han Noh Soo , Park Yong Jin , Park Seung Min , An Hee Sang , Kim Dong-Wook , Min Byoung Koun , Song Jae Kyu
Published: November 2014

The photophysical properties of CIGS thin films, prepared by solution-based coating methods, are investigated to understand the correlation between the optical properties and the electrical characteristics of solar cells.
Excited-state hydrogen-bonding dynamics of camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline: a theoretical study
Authors: Zhang Yahong , Duan Yuping , Wang Tongmin
Published: October 2014

We present a TDDFT study on excited-state hydrogen-bonding dynamics of a camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline complex.
Toxicity of halloysite clay nanotubes in vivo: a Caenorhabditis elegans study
Authors: Fakhrullina Gölnur I. , Akhatova Farida S. , Lvov Yuri M. , Fakhrullin Rawil F.
Published: November 2014

Halloysite nanotubes in theC. elegansforegut (merged enhanced dark-field and fluorescence images).
Antimicrobial spine-bone cement with caffeic acid phenethyl ester for controlled release formulation and in vivo biological assessments
Authors: Lee Hye Sun , Chang Jeong Ho
Published: November 2014

The work reports the preparation of antimicrobial spine-bone-cement with a highly controlled release formulation that was subjected to tests, involvingin vitroandin vivobiological assessments such as antimicrobial effects, a cytotoxicity test, a bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay, a micronucleus assay, and implantation analysis.
Virtual screening for novel Atg5–Atg16 complex inhibitors for autophagy modulation
Authors: Robinson Elizabeth , Leung Euphemia , Matuszek Anna M. , Krogsgaard-Larsen Niels , Furkert Daniel P. , Brimble Margaret A. , Richardson Alan , Reynisson Jóhannes
Published: November 2014

Compounds 14 and 62 were identified using virtual screening to inhibit autophagy. The expression levels of the LC3-II and p62 autophagy proteins were used. SAR analysis revealed another active compound 38. Formation of autophagosomes was severely reduced upon dosing of 14, 38 and 62.
A dihydrogen phosphate selective anion receptor based on acylhydrazone and pyrazole
Authors: Pandian Thiravidamani Senthil , Choi Yusun , Srinivasadesikan Venkatesan , Lin Ming-Chang , Kang Jongmin
Published: November 2014

A novel chromogenic anion receptor 1 based on acylhydrazone and pyrazole has been designed and synthesized. Receptor 1 forms stable 1 : 1 complexes with dihydrogen phosphate and other halide anions in DMSO solution.
Nano Fe3O4@APTES@Ni(OH)2as a catalyst for alcohol oxidation
Authors: Bhat Pooja B. , Bhat Badekai Ramachandra
Published: October 2014

A nanorod shaped nickel hydroxide coated ferrite nanocatalyst was synthesized by a traditional coprecipitation method exhibiting a synergized effect for alcohol oxidation.
Dendritic polymer imaging systems for the evaluation of conjugate uptake and cleavage
Authors: Krüger Harald R. , Nagel Gregor , Wedepohl Stefanie , Calderón Marcelo
Published: November 2014

A FRET-based imaging system was developed to evaluate polymer uptake and intracellular release of cargo in a cell based microplate assay that is suitable for high throughput screening.
High-rate amorphous SnO2 nanomembrane anodes for Li-ion batteries with a long cycling life
Authors: Liu Xianghong , Zhang Jun , Si Wenping , Xi Lixia , Oswald Steffen , Yan Chenglin , Schmidt Oliver G.
Published: November 2014

Amorphous SnO2 nanomembrane anodes demonstrate a high reversible capacity (854 mA h g−1) after 1000 cycles and high rate capability (40 A g−1) for lithium-ion batteries.
Kinetically-controlled growth of cubic and octahedral Rh–Pd alloy oxygen reduction electrocatalysts with high activity and durability
Authors: Yan Yucong , Zhan Fangwei , Du Jingshan , Jiang Yingying , Jin Chuanhong , Fu Maoshen , Zhang Hui , Yang Deren
Published: November 2014

Rh–Pd alloy cubes and octahedra with different compositions were readily generated by manipulating the reaction kinetics and exhibited substantially enhanced activity and durability for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Reduction-resistant and reduction-catalytic double-crown nickel nanoclusters
Authors: Zhu Min , Zhou Shiming , Yao Chuanhao , Liao Lingwen , Wu Zhikun
Published: October 2014

Ni6(SCH2CH2Ph)12(Ni6) was synthesized using three different methods and fully characterized; importantly, the reduction-resistance and reduction-catalysis properties of Ni6 were revealed.
Tailoring nanoscale properties of tungsten oxide for inkjet printed electrochromic devices
Authors: Wojcik Pawel Jerzy , Santos Lidia , Pereira Luis , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira
Published: November 2014

We demonstrate the engineering procedures governing the development of inkjet printable metal oxide nanoparticles for electrochromic applications with an effectively improved opto-electrochemical response.
The power of one-pot: a hexa-component system containing π–π stacking, Ugi reaction and RAFT polymerization for simple polymer conjugation on carbon nanotubes
Authors: Yang Bin , Zhao Yuan , Ren Xu , Zhang Xiaoyong , Fu Changkui , Zhang Yaling , Wei Yen , Tao Lei
Published: October 2014

Ugi reaction has been recognized as a multicomponent click reaction to construct a hexa-component one-pot system with π–π stacking and RAFT polymerization for the simple (co)polymer modification of CNT surfaces.
Epoxy composites filled with one-dimensional SiC nanowires–two-dimensional graphene nanoplatelets hybrid nanofillers
Authors: Wang Yi , Yu Jinhong , Dai Wen , Wang Dong , Song Yingze , Bai Hua , Zhou Xufeng , Li Chaoyang , Lin Cheng-Te , Jiang Nan
Published: October 2014

1D–2D SiCNWs–GNPs hybrid nanofillers could make epoxy composites not only excellent thermal conductors but also aid them in retaining high electrical insulation.
Photocatalysis induces bioactivity of an organic polymer based material
Authors: Cai Yanling , Strømme Maria , Zhang Peng , Engqvist Håkan , Welch Ken
Published: October 2014

Bioactivity of resin–TiO2nanocomposite induced by TiO2photocatalysis under UV irradiation.
Au–Cu–Pt ternary catalyst fabricated by electrodeposition and galvanic replacement with superior methanol electrooxidation activity
Authors: Wang Caiqin , Ren Fangfang , Zhai Chunyang , Zhang Ke , Yang Beibei , Bin Duan , Wang Huiwen , Yang Ping , Du Yukou
Published: October 2014

The as-fabricated Au–Cu–Pt/GCE ternary catalyst exhibits flower-like cluster morphology and superior catalytic activity toward methanol electrooxidation.
Encapsulation of therapeutic lavender oil in an electrolyte assisted polyacrylonitrile nanofibres for antibacterial applications
Authors: Balasubramanian K. , Kodam Kisan M.
Published: October 2014

Electrospinning, a feasible nanotechnology, has been exploited to engineer polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous mats enclosing a representative hydrophobic drug like essential oil of lavender.
Catalytic dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over a mesoscopically assembled sulfated zirconia nanoparticle catalyst in organic solvent
Authors: Wang Ningning , Yao Yuan , Li Wei , Yang Yan , Song Zhanxin , Liu Wentao , Wang Haijun , Xia Xiao-Feng , Gao Haiyan
Published: October 2014

This work prepared a series of novel assembled sulfated zirconia nanoparticle catalysts which were first applied in carbohydrate conversion.
Spectroscopic signatures and structural motifs in isolated and hydrated caffeine: a computational study
Authors: Singh Vipin Bahadur
Published: October 2014

Blue and red shift of the VEE of the S1 (1ππ*) state of caffeine after forming complex with water at isolated and conjugated carbonyl site.
Micellar self-assembly, bridging and gelling behaviour of two reverse triblock poly(butylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(butylene oxide) copolymers with lengthy hydrophilic blocks
Authors: Cambón Adriana , Figueroa-Ochoa Edgar , Blanco Mateo , Barbosa Silvia , Soltero José Félix Armando , Taboada Pablo , Mosquera Víctor
Published: October 2014

Reverse architecture of BOnEOmBOn block copolymers enables the formation of micellar clusters and viscous gels at low concentrations by chain bridging.
Converting waste magnesium scrap into anion-sorptionable nanomaterials: synthesis and characterization of an Mg–Al–Cl hydrotalcite-like compound by hydrolysis and chemical conversion treatment in aqueous chloride solutions
Authors: Lung Yung-Feng , Syu Yu-Fan , Lin Meng-Chang , Uan Jun-Yen
Published: October 2014

This study converts waste magnesium scraps into nanomaterials which can function in use to remove F−/SO42− from waste water.
Gold nanoparticles immobilized on crystalline titanate fibres and shuttling effect of charges in solar photocatalysis
Authors: Paul Blain , Choo Kwang-Ho , Ghodake Gajanan S. , Lee Daesung
Published: November 2014

This study focuses on understanding the intriguing nature of charge transfer processes between immobilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and bi-crystalline titanate nanofibre substrates in solar light photocatalysis.
pH-controlled DNA- and RNA-templated assembly of short oligomers
Authors: Barbeyron Renaud , Vasseur Jean-Jacques , Smietana Michael
Published: October 2014

A stimuli-responsive enzyme-free and activator-free DNA- and RNA-templated assembly of bifunctional short oligonucleotides is reported.
Evaporative deposition in receding drops
Authors: Freed-Brown Julian
Published: October 2014

We present a framework for calculating the surface density profile of a stain deposited by an evaporating drop with a receding contact line. A thin drop with a uniform evaporation profile deposits a mountain shaped stain, as shown in image.
Porous macromolecular dihydropyridyl frameworks exhibiting catalytic and halochromic activity
Authors: Xiao Bo , Easun Timothy L. , Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Cebula Izabela , Beton Peter H. , Titman Jeremy J. , Garcia Hermenegildo , Thomas K. Mark , Schröder Martin
Published: October 2014

New porous macromolecular frameworks (PMFs) have been designed and prepared by the condensation of dialdehydes with aminoacrylonitriles.
Improved dehydrogenation properties of the LiNH2–LiH system by doping with alkali metal hydroxide
Authors: Dong Bao-Xia , Ge Jun , Teng Yun-Lei , Gao Jing-Jing , Song Liang
Published: October 2014

The hydrogen desorption properties of the LiNH2–LiH system were dramatically improved by the addition of 5 mol% KOH.
Fabrication of Fe3O4@reduced graphene oxide composite via novel colloid electrostatic self-assembly process for removal of contaminants from water
Authors: Ding Jie , Li Baojun , Liu Yushan , Yan Xiaoshe , Zeng Sha , Zhang Xudong , Hou Lifen , Cai Qiang , Zhang Jianmin
Published: October 2014

Fe3O4@reduced graphene oxide composite (FGNC) was synthesised, and for rhodamine B (RhB) and As5+ removal, the excellent behavior of FGNC highlights 3 potential applications in waste water treatment.
Preparation of single-phase three-component alkaline earth oxide of (BaSrMg)O: a high capacity and thermally stable chemisorbent for oxygen separation
Authors: Chen Xuncai , Jung Taesung , Park Jongho , Kim Woo-Sik
Published: October 2014

Single-phase three-component alkaline earth (BaSrMg)O crystals were prepared by a novel method, which show a high performance in oxygen chemisorption.
Multi-biofunctionalization of a titanium surface with a mixture of peptides to achieve excellent antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility
Authors: Lin Wang , Junjian Chen , Chengzhi Cai , Lin Shi , Sa Liu , Li Ren , Yingjun Wang
Published: October 2014

A model for multi-biofunctionalizing a titanium surface with a mixture of peptides at desired ratios to achieve excellent antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility.
Dual secured nano-melittin for the safe and effective eradication of cancer cells
Authors: Cheng Bei , Thapa Bindu , K. C. Remant , Xu Peisheng
Published: October 2014

A dual secured nano-melittin system fully retains the wide-spectrum anticancer efficacy of melittin while quenching its lytic activity for the red blood cells.
Development of injectable citrate-based bioadhesive bone implants
Authors: Xie Denghui , Guo Jinshan , Mehdizadeh M. Reza , Tran Richard T. , Chen Ruisong , Sun Dawei , Qian Guoying , Jin Dadi , Bai Xiaochun , Yang Jian
Published: October 2014

A novel injectable citrate-based bioadhesive bone substitute was developed to treat comminuted bone fracture, with excellent injectability, physical and mechanical properties, cyto-/tissue-compatibility, and enhanced osteoinductivity.
Dibenzo[a,e]pentalene-embedded dicyanomethylene-substituted thienoquinoidals for n-channel organic semiconductors: synthesis, properties, and device characteristics
Authors: Nakano Masahiro , Osaka Itaru , Takimiya Kazuo
Published: November 2014

Dibenzo[a,e]pentalene-embedded thienoquinoidals with dicyanomethylene termini were synthesized as new π-extended thienoquinoidals for n-type organic semiconductors.
Capacitance‐sharing, dual‐output, compact, switched‐capacitor DC–DC converter for low‐power biomedical implants
Authors: Safarian Z. , Hashemi H.
Published: October 2014

A dual‐output, compact, switched‐capacitor DC–DC converter is presented for efficient voltage generation in low‐power biomedical implants. By sharing the charge transfer capacitors between multiple independent switched‐capacitor DC–DC converters, fewer capacitors are required, resulting in overall system size reduction. A proof‐of‐concept capacitance‐sharing, dual‐output DC–DC converter, converting 1.2 V – 0.4 V and 0.8 V, fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS technology, occupying 0.3 mm2 and achieving a peak efficiency of 97.6% is demonstrated.
Correlation of threading screw dislocation density to GaN 2‐DEG mobility
Authors: Hite J.K. , Gaddipati P. , Meyer D.J. , Mastro M.A. , Eddy C.R.
Published: October 2014

A direct correlation between local threading screw dislocation densities in an aluminium gallium nitride/gallium nitride (AlGaN/GaN) heterostructure and the mobility of electrons in the two‐dimensional electron gas (2‐DEG) formed at the interface of that heterostructure is presented. Threading screw dislocations are directly imaged through open areas of Hall‐effect test structures using electron channelling contrast imaging. The dislocation density measured for a given test structure is correlated to the mobility of the same structure. The results show a direct, negative correlation between mobility and screw/mixed dislocation density.
Dual‐mode CMOS feed‐forward transimpedance amplifier for LADARs
Authors: Kim Seung‐Hoon , Cho Sang‐Bock , Park Sung Min
Published: October 2014

A dual‐mode transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is realised in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology for the applications of 1 Gbit/s laser detection and ranging (LADAR) systems. The proposed dual‐mode CMOS feed‐forward TIA consists of a voltage‐mode inverter input stage with a feedback resistor, followed by a current‐mode common‐gate amplifier with a feed‐forward technique applied at the gate so as to achieve low noise, low power consumption, high gain and wide bandwidth characteristics simultaneously. The measured results demonstrate 76 dBΩ transimpedance gain, 720 MHz bandwidth for 0.5 pF photodiode capacitance, −26.3 dBm sensitivity for 10−12 bit error rate and 20.7 mW power dissipation from a single 1.8 V supply.
Determination of optimal frame sizes in framed slotted ALOHA
Authors: Kim Young‐Beom
Published: October 2014

The primary task of radio‐frequency identification (RFID) readers is to identify multiple objects as quickly and reliably as possible with minimal power consumption and computation. An optimisation problem related to the selection of appropriate frame sizes for the framed slotted ALOHA protocol, commonly used in passive RFID tag identification systems, is considered. The fundamental question concerning this issue is: what frame size is most suitable for identifying as many tags as possible in a given time? More formally, what is the optimal value for frame sizes in the sense that the probability of successful identification is maximised? Thus far, many research results related to this problem have been reported in the literature, but most are either suboptimal or empirical. Through asymptotic analysis, it is shown that the optimal frame size is approximately given by N/ln 2 for N tags.
Low‐complexity frame synchronisation method for IEEE 802.15.4 systems
Authors: Song Soonyong , Yeo Kunmin , Lee Yong Tae , Ryu Won , Kim Young‐il
Published: October 2014

A low‐complexity frame synchronisation method for IEEE 802.15.4 systems is proposed. An autocorrelation function is utilised for reducing computational complexity for fine timing estimation instead of a cross‐correlation function. To provide accurate estimation results, residual errors are compensated in the step of detecting start‐of‐frame delimiter symbols. The complexity of the proposed method for fine timing estimation is <1/4 compared with the conventional cross‐correlation‐based algorithm.
Simple algorithm for correction of geometrically warped underwater images
Authors: Halder K.K. , Tahtali M. , Anavatti S.G.
Published: October 2014

A new algorithm for the turbulence degraded frames of an underwater object or scene to produce images with superior quality and higher resolution is presented. This approach is based on computing the centroid image of the sequence through an iterative scheme. A robust and fast optical flow technique is employed for pixel registration of all the frames against a reference frame and the pixel shift maps are determined. Using these shift maps, each distorted frame is restored through an image dewarping technique. A performance comparison between the proposed restoration approach and state‐of‐the‐art is presented in terms of restoration time and accuracy. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated on both synthetic and real‐world underwater videos.
Characteristic initial data and smoothness of Scri. II. Asymptotic expansions and construction of conformally smooth data sets
Authors: Paetz Tim-Torben
Published: November 2014

We derive necessary-and-sufficient conditions on characteristic initial data for Friedrich's conformal field equations in 3 + 1 dimensions to have no logarithmic terms in an asymptotic expansion at null infinity.
Sheared stably stratified turbulence and large-scale waves in a lid driven cavity
Authors: Cohen N. , Eidelman A. , Elperin T. , Kleeorin N. , Rogachevskii I.
Published: October 2014

We investigated experimentally stably stratified turbulent flows in a lid driven cavity with a non-zero vertical mean temperature gradient in order to identify the parameters governing the mean and turbulent flows and to understand their effects on the momentum and heat transfer. We found that the mean velocity patterns (e.g., the form and the sizes of the large-scale circulations) depend strongly on the degree of the temperature stratification. In the case of strong stable stratification, the strong turbulence region is located in the vicinity of the main large-scale circulation. We detected the large-scale nonlinear oscillations in the case of strong stable stratification which can be interpreted as nonlinear internal gravity waves. The ratio of the main energy-containing frequencies of these waves in velocity and temperature fields in the nonlinear stage is about 2. The amplitude of the waves increases in the region of weak turbulence (near the bottom wall of the cavity), whereby the vertical mean temperature gradient increases.
Upper bounds on the error probabilities and asymptotic error exponents in quantum multiple state discrimination
Authors: Audenaert Koenraad M. R. , Mosonyi Milán
Published: October 2014

We consider the multiple hypothesis testing problem for symmetric quantum state discrimination between r given states σ1, …, σr. By splitting up the overall test into multiple binary tests in various ways we obtain a number of upper bounds on the optimal error probability in terms of the binary error probabilities. These upper bounds allow us to deduce various bounds on the asymptotic error rate, for which it has been hypothesized that it is given by the multi-hypothesis quantum Chernoff bound (or Chernoff divergence) C(σ1, …, σr), as recently introduced by Nussbaum and Szkoła in analogy with Salikhov's classical multi-hypothesis Chernoff bound. This quantity is defined as the minimum of the pairwise binary Chernoff divergences \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\min _{j<k} C(\sigma _j,\sigma _k)$\end{document}minj<kC(σj,σk). It was known already that the optimal asymptotic rate must lie between C/3 and C, and that for certain classes of sets of states the bound is actually achieved. It was known to be achieved, in particular, when the state pair that is closest together in Chernoff divergence is more than 6 times closer than the next closest pair. Our results improve on this in two ways. First, we show that the optimal asymptotic rate must lie between C/2 and C. Second, we show that the Chernoff bound is already achieved when the closest state pair is more than 2 times closer than the next closest pair. We also show that the Chernoff bound is achieved when at least r − 2 of the states are pure, improving on a previous result by Nussbaum and Szkoła. Finally, we indicate a number of potential pathways along which a proof (or disproof) may eventually be found that the multi-hypothesis quantum Chernoff bound is always achieved.
Synthesis and properties of ZnTe and Eu3+ ion co-doped glass nanocomposites
Authors: Rahaman Molla Atiar , Tarafder Anal , Dey Chirantan , Karmakar Basudeb
Published: October 2014

In this study, ZnTe (II-VI) semiconductor and Eu+3-ion co-doped borosilicate glass has been prepared in the SiO2-K2O-CaO-BaO-B2O3 glass system followed by controlled heat-treatment to produce glass nanocomposites. Glass transition temperature and crystallization peak temperature have been evaluated using DSC analysis. Dilatometric studies were carried out to evaluate thermal expansion co-efficient, glass transition temperature, and dilatometric softening temperature and found to be 10.7 × 10−6/K, 580° C and 628° C, respectively. TEM micrographs demonstrate formation of nano sized crystallites of less than 50 nm. The ZnTe crystal formation also established through selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis and high resolution images obtained through TEM studies. With increasing heat treatment time, optical transmission cut-off wavelength (λcut-off) shifted towards higher wavelength. Excitation spectra were recorded by monitoring emission at 613 nm corresponding to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition. An intense 394 nm excitation band corresponding to the 7F0 → 5L6 transition was observed. Emission spectra were then recorded by exciting the glass samples at 394 nm. When the glass is heat-treated for 30 min at 610° C, a 6-fold increase in the intensity of the red emission at 612 nm has been observed, which is attributed to the segregation of Eu3+ ions into the low phonon energy ZnTe crystallites and as the size of the nanocrystals is smaller than the size of the exciton, quantum confinement effect is visible. Further increase in heat-treatment duration led to decrease in luminescence intensity due to the growth of larger size crystals. 5D1 → 7F0 transition is visible only in the samples heat-treated for 30 min and 1 h, which is a characteristic of presence of Eu3+ ions in the low phonon energy ZnTe crystal sites. The micro hardness of the precursor glass and glass nanocomposites was evaluated; base glass shows hardness of 6.7 GPa and hardness of heat-treated glass nanocomposites has been found to decrease with increase in heat-treatment duration (5.5-5.3 GPa). However, mechanical properties are found to be suitable for device applications.
In-plane anisotropic effect of magnetoelectric coupled PMN-PT/FePt multiferroic heterostructure: Static and microwave properties
Authors: Vargas Jose M. , Gómez Javier
Published: November 2014

The effects of the electric and magnetic field variation on multiferroic heterostructure were studied in this work. Thin films of polycrystalline Fe50Pt50 (FePt) were grown by dc-sputtering on top of the commercial slabs of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT). The sample was a (011)-cut single crystal and had one side polished. In this condition, the PMN-PT/FePt operates in the L-T (longitudinal magnetized-transverse polarized) mode. A FePt thin film of 20 nm was used in this study to avoid the characteristic broad microwave absorption line associated with these films above thicknesses of 40 nm. For the in-plane easy magnetization axis (01-1), a microwave magnetoelectric (ME) coupling of 28 Oe cm kV −1 was estimated, whereas a value of 42 Oe cm kV −1 was obtained through the hard magnetization axis (100). Insight into the effects of the in-plane strain anisotropy on the ME coupling is obtained from the dc-magnetization loops. It was observed that the trend was opposite along the easy and hard magnetic directions. In particular, along the easy-magnetic axis (01-1), a square and narrow loop with a factor of Mr/MS of 0.96 was measured at 10 kV/cm. Along the hard-magnetic axis, a factor of 0.16 at 10 kV/cm was obtained. Using electric tuning via microwave absorption at X-band (9.78 GHz), we observe completely different trends along the easy and hard magnetic directions; Multiple absorption lines along the latter axis compared to a single and narrower absorption line along the former. In spite of its intrinsic complexity, we propose a model which gives good agreement both for static and microwave properties. These observations are of fundamental interest for future ME microwave components, such as filters, phase-shifters, and resonators.
Competing strain relaxation mechanisms in epitaxially grown Pr0.48Ca0.52MnO3 on SrTiO3
Authors: Herpers Anja , O’Shea Kerry J. , MacLaren Donald A. , Noyong Michael , Rösgen Bernd , Simon Ulrich , Dittmann Regina
Published: November 2014

We investigated the impact of strain relaxation on the current transport of Pr0.48Ca0.52MnO3 (PCMO) thin films grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 single crystals by pulsed laser deposition. The incorporation of misfit dislocations and the formation of cracks are identified as competing mechanisms for the relaxation of the biaxial tensile strain. Crack formation leads to a higher crystal quality within the domains but the cracks disable the macroscopic charge transport through the PCMO layer. Progressive strain relaxation by the incorporation of misfit dislocations, on the other hand, results in a significant decrease of the activation energy for polaron hopping with increasing film thickness.