bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ogo: A Cultural System Moves and Damage of the Environment
Authors: Zainur Wula  , Hadjrah Arifin
Published: December 2020

Humans and the natural environment have a very close relationship; it can even be called interdependence. The relationship is very active and interactive because indeed humans have a very high dependence on fulfilling the necessities of life, the most important of which are clothing, food and shelter which have the main source of raw materials from the natural environment, especially in communities whose farmers depend on the natural environment and land. Therefore, humans have an important role in preserving natural resources and the environment so that the community's life will last for a long time. The culture of people's lives in the shifting cultivation system called ogo is one of the main factors in forest and environmental damage in a broad sense because forests are not only related to grass and timber trees but also land, rocks, water, fauna. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. The data were collected through documents, in-depth interviews and observations, and data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that forest and environmental damage due to excessive use with the ogo culture of shifting cultivation with a period of three to four years resulted in reduced water reserves due to damage to water infiltration, floods and landslides as well as damage to residential areas. Roads and bridges in the village of Nuanaga in February 2016. Ogo as a socio-cultural system of shifting cultivation is an act of rational choice by farmers in increasing income and the dignity of family life, despite frequent floods and landslides in the rainy season with high intensity.
Including Urban Informality for Economic Development in Masvingo City, Zimbabwe
Authors: Average Chigwenya  , Prisca Simbanegavi
Published: December 2020

The informal sector has been excluded in the development of cities despite playing a big role in providing livelihoods to a lot of urban dwellers. Their contribution to the city economy has been marginalized despite the size of this sector and the contribution to livelihoods of the urban poor.  City space has therefore continued to be contested arena as urban poor are fighting for access to city space. The research examined the role the informal sector can play in city of Masvingo. The research utilized a mixed methods approach to data collection, where both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed. Questionnaires, semi structures interviews and field observations were   employed. Interviews were done with key informant in various sectors dealing with issues of informality. The field observation were done in transact walks in areas occupied by urban informality. The research found out that the informal sector in City of Masvingo is playing a critical role in employment creation and therefore is providing sources of livelihood to a lot of people but the city authorities are doing very little to help the  development and growth of the informal sector. Hence the economic contribution of the informal sector has been marginalized.
Pi'uranga: Study of Cia-Cia's Nifas Period Treatment in the Bahari Village of Sampolawa District of South Buton Regency
Authors: Hasniah  , La Ode Topo Jers  , Wa Mame  , Jamaluddin Hos
Published: December 2020

This research aims to find out the types of diseases that arise when the mother nifas does not do pi'uranga and how to perform pi'uranga on the Cia-cia in the Bahari Village. The theory used to read the data is Hippocrates' Humoral Pathology theory of healthiness or pain occurring depending on the balance of "humour" (fluid) in the body. The study used ethnographic methods, data obtained through engaged observations, and in-depth interviews. The results showed that: (1) A disease that arises when the mother nifas does not do pi'urangawas known by the term puanaka, which consists of an old puanaka and a young puanaka. Symptoms of old puanaka include chills, difficulty standing, abdominal pain, and headaches, while young puanaka is characterized by loss of consciousness, cysts, and serious illnesses. (2) The way the implementation of pi'uranga in the Cia-cia in Bahari Village was done traditionally, through several stages; beginning with the mother nifas sorted by the shaman, the first bath after childbirth, the use of octopuses, the use of fireplaces, the use of folk remedies, to the sauna.
Street Vendors Based on Tribal Groups in Kendari City, Indonesia
Authors: Ashmarita
Published: December 2020

The main impact of urbanization is to increase urban population density. Increased investment in the industrial sector has opened up job opportunities in various sectors, including the informal sector. Street vendors (PKLs) are one of the informal sector jobs that are often found in plural urban communities. The plurality of the population in society creates different perceptions in terms of the type of work they are engaged in. This study aims to (1). Identify the socio-economic characteristics of PKLs; (2). Identify the strategies used by street vendors in maintaining their existence. This research is a descriptive-qualitative study obtained from interviews and direct observations of PKLs in Kendari. The informants were determined purposively. The analysis data is performed by compiling the data then interpreted by referring to the relationship between various concepts and social realities. The results showed that the street vendors in Kendari were generally villagers. They moved to Kendari, because the village where they lived was considered no longer representative for their survival. PKLs are generally urban mobility actors who live on the edge of Kendari. To maintain their existence, they perform various ways, including by strengthening ties between ethnic groups, improving services, finding strategic locations and making cheaper 'counter' products.
Gençlik Kamplarında Görev Alan Kamp Liderlerinin Liderlik Yönelimlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa , YENEL Fatih
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma, Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı tarafından düzenlenen gençlik kamplarında görev alan kamp liderlerinin liderlik yönelimlerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Betimsel tarama metodu ile yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini, 2019 yılı yaz döneminde gerçekleştirilen gençlik kamplarında görev yapan 164 kamp lideri oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak, kişisel bilgi formu ile birlikte Bolman ve Deal (1991) tarafından geliştirilen ''Liderlik Yönelim Ölçeği'' kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 25.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen veri setine Kolmogorov-Smirnov normallik testi, yüzde ve frekans, bağımsız örneklem t testi, One-Way Anova testi ve Tukey testi yapılmıştır. Araştırma verilerine yapılan Cronbach alfa testine göre ölçek ortalama puanı Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,933 bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak kamp liderlerinin insan kaynaklı liderlik sergiledikleri, cinsiyet değişkenine göre liderlik yönelim düzeylerinin benzer düzeyde olduğu, kamp lideri olarak görevi alınan süre, kamp lideri unvanı, yaş ve eğitim düzeylerine göre anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir.
Impacto de la condición corporal sobre la fertilidad en vacas de la provincia de Pastaza- Ecuador
Authors: Arias Vaca M. R , Pesantez Pacheco J. L , Lammoglia M. A , Daniel Rentería I , Marini P. R.
Published: December 2020

El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la condición corporal sobre la fertilidad en vacas de la provincia de Pastaza-Ecuador. Se utilizaron 2434 registros reproductivos de la base de datos entre el 2009-

Las variables analizadas fueron: estado reproductivo gestante y no gestante, año, raza, condición corporal (CC), celo, toro o pajuela utilizada, técnico inseminador. La muestra para el análisis estadístico de los datos se basó en tres modelos de ANOVA y un modelo mixto. El porcentaje de preñez a nivel provincial logrado con este programa de mejoramiento fue del 60 al 69%. La CC solo fue significativa para la raza Charolais mestiza, quien mostró un coeficiente de correlación lineal bajo negativo con respecto a la gestación, las otras variables celo, pajuela, técnico tampoco tuvieron diferencias estadísticas (P>0.05). Pero en el análisis del segundo modelo aplicado se encontró diferencias significativas entre el lugar (cantón) y CC (P=0.047) y entre la raza de la vaca y raza del toro (P=0.006). Se concluye que la (CC) influyó sobre la gestación dependiendo del lugar, independiente de la raza de la vaca, factor que no resultó importante en la variable reproductiva estudiada, los factores ambientales: año, cantón y CC, influyen en los niveles de gestación de la población estudiada, de los factores genéticos analizados las razas de la vaca y del padre no influyeron, solamente el factor toro fue importante en la gestación de la vaca y el factor humano resultó determinante como causa de variación en la gestación.
Problemas y Propuestas para la Gestión Territorial de Tres Comunidades del Municipio de Satevó Chihuahua
Authors: Hoffmann Esteves Hazel , Hoffmann Esteves Hazel , Manjarrez Domínguez Carlos , Ortega Rodríguez Anabel
Published: December 2020

La información ordenada, analizada y evaluada, se convierte en conocimiento e insumo principal para poder realizar un plan de desarrollo territorial sustentable. Por falta de información y gestión del conocimiento, diversas regiones del mundo cuentan con riquezas incalculables y en ocasiones desconocidas que impiden mejorar la calidad de vida de las actuales y futuras generaciones. Para documentar el presente estudio, fue necesario trabajar en tres comunidades del municipio de Satevó: San Francisco Javier de Satevó, San José del Sitio y Boca del Río del municipio de Satevó; la selección de las comunidades estuvo a cargo del ejecutivo de la Administración Municipal. Por la naturaleza y complejidad del desarrollo territorial, fue necesario realizar una combinación de estrategias metodológicas para atender la región y las dimensiones que se conjugan en tiempo y espacio determinado, como referencias metodológicas, se utilizó, la construcción de árboles de problemas de la FAO y el Seguimiento y Evaluación Participativo de Marco Lógico; en su conjunto, atendiendo las recomendaciones  de Sili (2005) se  generaron  metodologías  dinámicas  y flexibles  para definir  un procedimiento de cuatro etapas atendiendo las dimensiones sociales, medioambientales, infraestructura y económico-productivo de la región. La actualización del plan de desarrollo municipal o regional, considerando la vocación económico-productiva de la región, las habilidades de los pobladores, la infraestructura instalada y la ubicación y condición natural del sitio; provocaran sin duda una gestión con enfoque holístico y responsable de los recursos diversos del territorio.
Riesgos ambientales y su impacto en la mortalidad por insuficiencia renal crónica en el estado de Tlaxcala México
Authors: García Juárez Guillermina , Hernández Vázquez Maricela , Orozco Bolaños Hermila , Suárez González Gerardo , Ramírez Bribiesca Efrén , Juárez Ortiz María Guadalupe
Published: December 2020

Se analizaron los factores de riesgo ambiental y su impacto en la mortalidad por insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) en el estado de Tlaxcala. El estudio fue transversal-analítico, se obtuvieron registros de mortalidad por (IRC) del periodo 2012-2013, sitios potencialmente contaminantes y metales pesados en tres fuentes de información. Se observó que el municipio más afectado por mortalidad fue el Carmen Tequexquitla con una tasa de mortalidad de 45.54 por 100,000 habitantes. El municipio con más sitios potencialmente contaminantes fue Huamantla, ubicado en la región oriente. Hubo correlación entre Arsénico y mortalidad por (IRC) con una diferencia significativa de p≤ 0.05. Entre los riesgos ambientales y mortalidad hubo significancia de p≤ 0.05. La asociación entre estas variables corroboró que la presencia de factores de riesgo ambiental, influyen en la mortalidad por (IRC), principalmente en los municipios localizados en la región oriente del estado.
Secuestro de carbono en suelo cafetalero con alta pendiente en la Sierra de Santa Marta
Authors: Vázquez Luna Dinora , Cuevas Díaz María del Carmen , Perera Escamilla Teresita de Jesús , Hernández Romero Ángel Héctor , Retureta Aponte Alejandro
Published: December 2020

En este estudio se analizó el potencial de secuestro de carbono de un suelo proveniente de un cafetal con sombra, influenciado por una pendiente del 34%. El carbono total secuestrado a lo largo de la pendiente fue cuantificado mediante el aporte de la hojarasca, las ramas, el mantillo y el suelo. La población de bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno de vida libre (BFNVL) y el contenido de materia orgánica (MO) fueron usados como indicadores de la calidad del suelo. Finalmente, se determinó el impacto de los beneficios económicos del secuestro de carbono bajo esas condiciones. Los resultados indicaron que el cafetal bajo sombra ofrece condiciones favorables para el secuestro de carbono, debido al aporte continuo de carbono proveniente de la hojarasca y las ramas, con la consecuente formación de mantillo; sin embargo, el secuestro de carbono total fue severamente impactado a lo largo de toda la pendiente, debido al posible arrastre del material orgánico y nutrimentos, favorecidos por la erosión hídrica, contribuyendo a la formación de zonas heterogéneas. En consecuencia, el contenido de MO y las poblaciones de BFNVL fueron afectados. Por ello, el potencial de secuestro de carbono fue muy bajo en comparación con otros estudios realizados en cafetales bajo sombra, lo que indica, que bajo estas condiciones, no es apto para competir en el mercado de carbono, afectando negativamente el potencial económicos de la zona. Por todo lo anterior, el desarrollo de estrategias de conservación de suelos fue altamente recomendado para este sitio.
Caracterización del Mercado de Leche en la Cd. Delicias Chihuahua
Authors: Carrasco Rivera Edgar Omar , Magaña Magaña José Eduardo , Villareal Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Kiessling Davison Christian Mauricio , González Anchondo María Elvira
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue para identificar el consumo en forma de leche fresca y evaporada con una aceptación universal. Aplicando 381 encuestas utilizando la tabla arquitectónica facilitada por catastro, en la cual clasificaba al total de los hogares de la ciudad de Delicias, en los cinco sectores socioeconómicos en los que se encuentra dividido, para lograr obtener el tamaño de la muestra a utilizar. Es uno de los alimentos de origen animal más consumido y valorado de nuestra sociedad. Su gran popularidad está dada por su alto valor nutritivo. Este municipio, basa su economía fundamentalmente en el sector lechero, constituyendo una de las más relevantes cuencas lecheras del país, en virtud de su modalidad y visión de los delicienses. En la región de delicias se consume leche siendo los niños los mayores consumidores de leche en el hogar, un consumo aproximado es de 1 a 5 litros por semana, donde la marca más consumida es la lala, donde las tiendas de abarrotes y supermercados son los lugares en donde se adquiere con mayor frecuencia el producto, con un gasto semanal aproximado de $ 51 a 100 solamente en leche. Las características más importantes al adquirir el producto es el sabor como primer carácter de calidad y el precio como primera característica de compra del producto.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI DINAS PERDAGANGAN, KOPERASI DAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Supryanita Rina , Munizar Mela
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of motivation and work discipline on employee performance. This type of research is quantitative research using descriptive methods. Data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques with library research and questionnaires. The population in this study were all employees of the Department of Commerce, Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises in Lima Puluh Regency, West Sumatra Province, amounting to 66 people. And the sample is all the population of 66 people or better known as the census. The data analysis method used is the instrument test which is divided into validity and reliability test, descriptive variable analysis (TCR), classic assumption test that is normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS 17.0 program. The results obtained are motivation and work discipline have a positive and significant effect on employee performance in the Department of Commerce, Cooperatives, and Small and Medium Enterprises in Lima Puluh Regency, West Sumatra Province. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi kepustakaan dan penyebaran kuesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang berjumlah 66 0rang. Dan yang dijadikan sampel adalah semua populasi berjumlah 66 orang atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah sensus. Adapun metode analisa data yang digunakan adalah uji instrumen yang terbagi menjadi uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas, analisis deskriptif variabel (TCR), uji asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS 17.0. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah motivasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat.
The Public Management of War Prisoners Within and Outside the bīt asīrī
Authors: Rositani Annunziata
Published: December 2020

This paper presents some reflections on the management of war prisoners in South Mesopotamia during the Old Babylonian period. In particular, it analyses data from texts in which “the house of prisoners of war,” the bīt asīrī, is mentioned. The majority of these texts date back to the reign of Rīm-Anum, who held power in Uruk for about two years during the rebellion of South Mesopotamia against Samsu-iluna of Babylon (1742‒1740 BC). This archive provides unparalleled evidence for the study of war prisoner management during the Old Babylonian period, which seems to have been exclusively administrated by the State. A specific study will be carried out on the usage of war prisoners as forced workers: in fact, many texts indicate that they were given to individuals or houses as a temporary labor force under a designated person’s authority. Nevertheless, the prisoners remained under the superior authority of the bīt asīrī, where they returned after they had finished working, without being included in the slave trade. The paper also analyses the way in which the prisoners’ geographic provenance affected the treatment they received and, finally, the release of prisoners upon payment of a ransom or following a royal action.
Silencing the Periphery
Authors: Six-Hohenbalken Maria
Published: December 2020

Victims of mass violence and crimes against humanity, as well as their descendants, not only have to cope with tremendously cruel deeds but must also face the perpetrators’ denial of culpability and responsibility. In 1937 military operations started against Kurdish Alevi leaders in Turkey. They were followed by planned and coordinated massacres and displacement of the civilian population in Dersim (today Tunceli). Geographically, Dersim was not on the fringes in the southeastern provinces of Turkey, but it was a peripheral region. The mountainous areas were hardly accessible; several military campaigns from the 1850s onwards were unsuccessful in fully integrating the province into the state. The region remained contested until the late 1930s. Under the guise of a modernization policy, the Turkish state carried out a genocidal persecution of civilians who were, in linguistic, religious, and ethnic terms, part of a minority population. As these events have been silenced and denied for a long time, it has become the responsibility of subsequent generations to elaborate on Dersim’s history. The upcoming generation themselves faced (forced) migration and recurrent warfare in the 1990s. Therefore, the transnational community played an important part in coming to terms with the fateful past of Dersim 1937–1738. This article focuses on the contribution of activists in Austria and Germany to this transnational endeavor. In investigating their motivations and the driving forces behind their activism, I scrutinize their individual backgrounds and family histories, and the transgenerational transmission of knowledge. Thus, a biography-centered narrative methodological approach was applied to determine their motivation and activism within the memory work. This allows me to draw conclusions regarding the specific challenges for future generations’ memory work in the transnational Dersim community.
Imaginaries and Historiographies of Contested Regions: Transforming Centers and Peripheries in Asian and Middle Eastern Contexts
Authors: Slama Martin , Petrů Tomáš
Published: December 2020

The introduction contextualizes respective contributions which were originally presented and discussed at the Anthropological Atelier held in June 2018 in Prague.
THE ROLE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Veritas University, Abuja, Shimawua Dominic , Christopher Inienger ,   Department of Public Administration,  Faculty of Management Science,  University of Abuja
Published: December 2020

Emerging trends point to good governance as a panacea towards accelerated development in economic, political and social sectors of nations. Nigeria, wishing to realize, promote or maintain economic, political and social strides, should strive to embrace good governance. Efficient political and economic strands promote social order. The leaders and the led should embrace the good governance philosophy if development administration is to meet the underlying rationale it stands for. Both the leaders and the led have their (individual) roles to play to embrace good governance and strengthen development administration. Good governance in development administration is showcased in government‘s ability to design, formulate and implement policies and programmes which are development oriented and committed to the improvement of the quality of life of the citizens. It is especially accepted, that to promote good governance, the civil society should be obedient to the policies or constitutional dictates expected of them. However, the government through its arms should lead while the citizens follow.
THE QUEST FOR POLITICAL POWER, POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND INSECURITY IN AFRICA: THE ODINGA–TSVANGIRAI EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Department of Political Science Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria, Kalama John , Eseduwo Famous ,   Department of Political Science Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Published: December 2020

The scramble for power in most cases often degenerate into political violence and insecurity in Africa hence, this study examined the quest for political power, political violence and insecurity in Africa: The Odinga-Tsvangirai experience. The paper argues that the quest for political power often degenerate into large scale conflict and insecurity in Africa because such desires and ambitions are driven and motivated by selfish and unpatriotic desires and objectives. Data for the study were drawn from secondary sources while the resource curse theory was adopted as the theoretical framework to guide the study. The descriptive research method was also adopted while the analysis was based on the qualitative method. Findings revealed that political aspiration and actions of most politicians and members of the ruling class in Africa are not backed by genuine patriotic motives hence, such quest for power and inordinate ambition often lead to pre and post-election violence and insecurity. Therefore, to change this perception and chart a new course for Africa, there is need for a comprehensive, constitutional, political and electoral reforms that will review the leadership recruitment process in Africa with a view to setting new standards and guidelines that will strengthen political institutions and the democratic process in Africa.
MUDANÇAS ESTRUTURAIS EM COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS A PARTIR DO PROGRAMA DE AQUISIÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS E DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E S C O L A R
Authors: VALENT J. Z.
Published: December 2020

Com uma abordagem contemporânea, o cooperativismo agropecuário apresenta- se como uma opção de correlação entre o capital humano, social e empresarial. Esses fatores são fundamentais na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável e competição em um mercado global. Nessa perspectiva, a cooperação significa a busca pela melhoria da qualidade de vida do produtor, tanto em termo social, quanto econômico e ambiental (Ribeiro et al., 2013).
Corrosion Behavior of Ferritic-Martensitic Steel in H2O Containing CO2 and O2 at 50°C to 245°C and 8 MPa
Authors: Repukaiti Reyixiati , Teeter Lucas , Ziomek-Moroz Margaret , Doğan Ömer N. , Oleksak Richard P. , Thomas Randal B. , Baltrus John , Kauffman Douglas R. , Tucker Julie D.
Published: December 2020

To understand the corrosion mechanisms of structural materials in low-temperature components of direct supercritical CO2 power cycles, immersion experiments were performed in aqueous environments expected at these conditions. A ferritic-martensitic steel (UNS K91560) was selected as the candidate material. Steel specimens were fully submerged in H2O pressurized with 99% CO2 and 1% O2 to 8 MPa, and heated up to temperature (50°C, 100°C, 150°C, or 245°C), with a test duration of 500 h. Corrosion rates were calculated based on mass loss. Scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize microstructure, phases, crystallinity, and composition of the corrosion product layer. Experimental results show that specimens exposed at 100°C had the highest corrosion rate, followed by the specimens exposed at 50°C. The specimens exposed at the highest temperature exhibited the lowest corrosion rate. An outer noncontinuous, nonprotective Fe-rich oxide layer and a well-adhered inner oxide layer containing both Fe and Cr formed on the specimen surfaces. The inner oxide layer changed from amorphous to crystalline as the temperature increased.
Examining HIV progression mechanisms via mathematical approaches
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Bhagavath Ramnath , Madras Neal , Heffernan Jane
Published: December 2020

The progression of HIV infection to AIDS is unclear and under examined. Many mechanisms have been proposed, including a decline in immune response, increase in replication rate, involution of the thymus, syncytium inducing capacity, activation of the latently infected cell pool, chronic activation of the immune system, and the ability of the virus to infect other immune system cells. The significance of each mechanism in combination has not been studied. We develop a simple HIV viral dynamics model incorporating proposed mechanisms as parameters that are allowed to vary. In the entire parameter space, we derive two formulae for the basic reproduction number (R0) by considering the infection starting with a single infected CD4 T cell and a single virion, respectively. We show that both formulae are equivalent. We derive analytical conditions for the occurrence of backward and forward bifurcations. To investigate the influence of the proposed mechanisms to the HIV progression, we perform uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for all parameters and conduct a bifurcation analysis on all parameters that are shown to be significant, in combination, to explore various HIV/AIDS progression dynamics.
Construcción de ecosistemas de aprendizaje en clases de consulta en formación superior
Authors: Foresto Emiliano , Manavella Agustina María , Martín Rocío Belén
Published: December 2020

En esta investigación se han descrito los rasgos que caracterizan a las clases de consulta universitarias e institutos terciarios. Si bien dichos espacios no se encuentran dentro del currículum prescripto, sí figuran en los mensajes que los docentes fijan en las carteleras. La participación en las clases de consulta es un tanto arbitraria: los días, horarios y espacios en que se ofrecen son fijados por cada docente. La metodología fue un estudio de caso múltiple. Participaron siete docentes pertenecientes a diversas universidades e institutos terciarios de Río Cuarto, Sampacho y Villa Mercedes y diez estudiantes que asistieron a las clases de consulta. Los datos fueron recabados a través de observaciones no participantes y entrevistas individuales y semi-estructuradas. Los resultados muestran la relevancia en la construcción colaborativa de habilidades profesionales y socio-emocionales, la autonomía de trabajo, el aprendizaje a partir de problemas genuinos, la construcción de procesos identitarios y de metas compartidas.  Estos rasgos, sumados a las particularidades de los métodos de enseñanza, el lugar en el que se llevan a cabo las clases de consulta y los tiempos de duración, permiten pensar en la complejidad que atraviesan estos ámbitos de aprendizaje
Elaboración de productos de higiene y desinfección en los laboratorios de ciencias de la URACCAN en el contexto COVID-19
Authors: Hernández Rodriguez Oswaldo , González Brizuela Elder Alfonso , Castro Fornos José Milciade , Taylor Torrez Allan Ray
Published: December 2020

Dentro del marco de la pandemia originada por el contagio del COVID-19, hasta la fecha no existe un tratamiento específico, ni una vacuna para la prevención, por lo que la mejor manera es evitar exponerse al virus. Es necesario entonces, cumplir con las medidas de desinfección y control que han demostrado minimizar las probabilidades de contagio o infección. En este marco, se desarrolló el presente trabajo experimental, en el Laboratorio de Ciencia de la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN), Recinto Nueva Guinea, con el propósito de elaborar insumos de higiene, limpieza y desinfección, obteniéndose como resultados, jabón sólido, hipoclorito de sodio al 4% y alcohol etílico al 70%. Con base a lo anterior, estos productos son considerados como una alternativa sostenible de lucha frente a la enfermedad, con la perspectiva de disminuir los costos de adquisición y asegurar la disponibilidad de los mismos para la comunidad universitaria
Universidad, multiculturalidad, interculturalidad y sociedad: Desafíos del acompañamiento comunitario intercultural desde la URACCAN
Authors: Zapata Webb Yuri Hamed
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se ha abordado la relación existente entre las concepciones de universidad, multiculturalidad, interculturalidad y sociedad, desde la perspectiva del acompañamiento comunitario intercultural que se plantea desde la práctica de la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN), , que concibe este acompañamiento como una de sus funciones institucionales en aras del desarrollo con identidad, el buen vivir de los pueblos y la construcción de ciudadanías interculturales. Se ha realizado un recorrido básico sobre cada concepto tratado, para encausarnos en el entendimiento de los retos que significa el desarrollo e implementación del acompañamiento comunitario intercultural en contextos multiculturales, en función de asegurar que los pueblos puedan elevar sus propias voces en términos de su bienestar físico, material y espiritual. El artículo obedece a una investigación con una visión cualitativa, que parte de un análisis documental conceptual y analítico sobre lo que comprende el acompañamiento comunitario Intercultural, desde la visión de URACCAN. Este acompañamiento al desarrollo comunitario con una visión intercultural enfrenta sus desafíos desde su conceptualización e interiorización en las instituciones de educación superior y la lógica de su articulación al desarrollo comunitario.
Experiencias de las familias creole en el rescate y revitalización de su identidad colectiva en contextos multiculturales
Authors: Rojas Hooker Sandra Carolina , Stamp Lackwood Loyda María
Published: December 2020

Este artículo se basó en el estudio titulado: “Experiencias de las familias creole en el rescate y revitalización de su identidad colectiva en contextos multiculturales” se han analizado las dinámicas de convivencia y socialización predominante en la familia Creole que contribuyen al fortalecimiento de su identidad. La metodología que se utilizo es cualitativa, de corte transversal, descriptivo fenomenológico encaminado al reconocimiento de situaciones y comportamientos mediante la historia oral para identificar valores, creencias, normas y prácticas del pueblo afrodescendiente mediante la interacción con los participantes. Las participantes identificaron como el principal factor de debilitamiento de la identidad creole la no utilización del creole como lengua materna en la familia, escuela y la iglesia, principalmente en niños, adolescentes y jóvenes debido a una migración alta de la población creole, la reconfiguración de la población del barrio y sobre todo la no implementación del modelo de familia basado en valores.
Insecticidas botánicos registrados y no registrados en Nicaragua
Authors: Jiménez Martínez Edgardo , Manzanares Rugama Ramiro
Published: December 2020

En Nicaragua ha surgido la necesidad de profundizar en el análisis de alternativas naturales para el control de plagas en los cultivos, opción efectiva a los pesticidas sintéticos. Por esta razón es necesario pensar en nuevas alternativas de control de plagas que sean más amigable con el medio ambiente y que sean útiles en el manejo integrado de plagas, esta investigación fue cualitativa no experimental fundamentada en el método descriptivo de investigación aplicada en donde no hay manipulación de variables, analizando la realidad o situación determinada con una riqueza interpretativa, como parte de este proceso se realizó la recopilación, sistematización con un análisis de los principales insecticidas botánicos registrados y evaluados en Nicaragua, tomando como base las pruebas de efectividad que se utilizaron para registrar los productos en el Instituto de Protección y Sanidad Agropecuaria, el propósito de este estudio fue documentar la información existente sobre el uso de insecticidas botánicos registrados y no registrados en Nicaragua, en este estudio se encontró que en Nicaragua se han registrado 12 insecticidas botánicos desde el año 2011 hasta el año 2017, todos estos a base de extractos acuoso de planta, semillas, hojas y flores que se han utilizado en los cultivos de hortalizas, frutales, okra, raíces y tubérculos, para el control de plagas como mosca blanca, áfidos, ácaros y trips, también se encontró que en Nicaragua se han realizado ocho investigaciones en el periodo comprendido entre mayo 1990 y noviembre 2017 sobre el uso y manejo de insecticidas botánicos a base de extractos de chile, ajo, crisantemo, madero negro y Neem en los cultivos de tomate, chiltoma, repollo, sorgo y marañón con el propósito de controlar las principales plagas que atacan a estos cultivos.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF STUDENTS’ SCHOOL SITUATION WITH ASPERGER’S SYNDROME
Authors: Karpińska Anna
Published: December 2020

The article attempts to indicate the complex school situation often marked by failure in learning of students with Asperger’s syndrome. The specificity of this disorder conditions the child’s functioning as a student. Therefore, attention was drawn to the characteristic features that determine the behavior profile of a person with AS, e.g. unusual language skills, impairment of social skills, inadequate emotional reactions, sensory hypersensitivity, impaired motor coordination, special interests, unusual orientation of cognitive skills. The personality profile of a child with Asperger syndrome outlined in the article may be a source of potential difficulties and failures in learning that have been subjected to synthetic analysis and interpretation
WHAT IS THE SCHOOL FOR? SCHOOL’S FUNCTIONS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CANDIDATES FOR THE TEACHING PROFESSION
Authors: Kochanowska Ewa
Published: December 2020

In connection with the socio-cultural transformation and the civilization’s development, the need to analyze and redefine school’s functions not only in the context of various school theories and models of its functioning, but also from the perspective of various education entities, i.e. students, parents, teachers and candidates for this profession, remains still present. The purpose of the article is to present the results of research on the perception of the school’s functions by candidates for teachers at the start of pedagogical studies in the context of their own educational experience and knowledge on the subject. Taking into account experience and the colloquial knowledge of candidates for the teaching profession about the function of the school can contribute to increasing the effectiveness of acquiring knowledge
by students during their studies
Effectiveness of Conventional Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Its Computerized Version on Reduction in Pain Intensity, Depression, Anger, and Anxiety in Children with Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Hamedi Vajihe , Hamid Najmeh , Beshlideh Kioumars , Marashi Sayed Ali , Hashemi Sheikh Shabani Seyed Esmaeil
Published: December 2020

Background: Experiencing painful procedures during life is inevitable. Poor pain management is associated with negative effects on the quality of life, remaining for a long time after the experience. Long-term negative effects of pain possess a significant cost burden on society. Nowadays, computers are globally available, and computerized psychological interventions can reduce negative emotions. Objectives: The present study aimed at examining the effectiveness of conventional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and its computerized version on reduction in pain intensity, depression, anger, and anxiety in children with cancer. Methods: The present randomized, controlled, clinical trial was performed on three groups of conventional CBT, computerized CBT (cCBT), and control. Children with cancer, referring to Shafa Hospital of Ahvaz, Iran, constituted the study samples. A total of 15 children aged 9 - 12 years were assigned to each group by using the lottery method. All three groups received routine medical treatments during the study, but the two intervention groups also received psychological interventions as a complementary treatment. The control group received routine medical treatment and underwent cCBT intervention after the study. The data-i e, pre- and post-tests, were collected by a masters’ student in clinical psychology that was blind to the study objectives. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA, ANOVA, and t-tests of differential scores. Results: The findings of the study indicated that both interventions could reduce negative emotions associated with cancer (i. e, pain, anger, anxiety, and depression) in children compared with the control group (P < 0.0001). In addition, there were no significant differences between the two intervention groups (P < 0.01). It means both interventions were useful to reduce pain and enhance adjustment. Conclusions: The cCBT can be utilized in case of no access to psychologists and psychological services.
Nurses' Attitudes Toward Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) System: A Feasibility Study Prior to Implementation
Authors: Amiri Parasto , Rahimi Bahlol , Khalkhali Hamid Reza
Published: December 2020

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to understand the nurses' attitudes in implementation and adoption of CPOE system through Rogers’ innovation diffusion theory. Methods: This study was cross-sectional and performed in four months (from March to June, 2017). In order to understand the acceptance of the CPOE investigated level of nursing staff’s computer literacy. The major factors influencing the nursing staff’s acceptance and use of the CPOE system were examined through Rogers’ innovation diffusion theory. Data were collected using a researcher. Results: Majority of the nursing staff adopt this innovation. The level of nursing staff’s computer literacy was high (71.32%). Highly educated nursing staff were more likely to accept computer work. The acceptance or rejection of the use of a computer is related to experiencing the HIS system in nursing. Our finding showed that the received relative advantages, compatibility, the complexity of the system were 66.29%, 71.94% and 40.36% for the nursing staff. Conclusions: Majority of the nursing staff had a good degree of computer literacy. The analysis of the finding shows that CPOE systems improve the quality and safety of healthcare. CPOE increases the security and quality of health care and reduces errors.
Dendrosomal Nano-Curcumin Modulates P-Glycoprotein Activity and Induces Apoptosis in Wild Type and P53-Mutant Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Sobhkhizi Aref , Babaei Esmaeil , Azeez Hewa Jalal , Katiraee Farzad , Hussen Bashdar Mahmud , Hoseinpour Feizi Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2020

Background: Dendrosomal nano-curcumin (DNC) represents an enormous potential to serve as a therapeutic anticancer agent. Here, we investigated the effect of DNC on wild type- and p53-mutant breast cancer cells. Methods: MCF-7 and T47D cells were treated with DNC and investigated for cell viability through MTT assay. The mode of death was analyzed using Annexin V/FITC staining and PARP cleavage assays. Flow cytometric efflux and cell swelling tests were employed to assess the p-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter activity. Moreover, real-time PCR was employed to study the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 as well as survivin and its ΔEx3 splicing variant. Results: Our findings confirmed that DNC repressed cancer cell proliferation by induction of apoptosis. Additionally, DNC significantly modulated P-gp function that might lead to improved cellular permanence of curcumin. Malfunction of P-gp activity by DNC demonstrates its capability in reducing the drug resistance of p53-mutant cancer cells. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that dendrosomal nano-curcumin could be considered an anti-tumor therapeutic for p53-mutant tumor malignancies.
Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types Among Women Screened for Cervical Cancer in Yazd, Iran, and Comparison of Cytology, Histology, and Colposcopy Results
Authors: Karimi-Zarchi Mojgan , Hajimaghsoudi Nastaran , Tabatabai Afsarosadat , Moghimi Mansour , Shayestehpour Mohammad , Doosti Masoud
Published: December 2020

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus with more than 100 genotypes, at least 12 of which are high-risk and associated with high-grade cervical lesions. Data on the prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes among women are not yet available for the total regions of Iran. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV types among women screened for cervical carcinoma in Yazd and compare the cytology, histology, and colposcopy results. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 402 women referring to gynecology clinics of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, were selected. The Pap smear and HPV typing were performed on cervical samples. The high-risk HPV types were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based reverse blot hybridization assay. Colposcopy was carried out on patients with high-risk HPV types, and biopsies were taken for histological examination. Results: Among 402 women screened by HPV-PCR, 32 (7.97%) women were positive for high-risk HPV types. Human papillomavirus 16 and HPV18 were the most frequent genotypes (46.9%). The cytology, histology, and colposcopy results were abnormal in 56.2%, 29.1%, and 71.9% of patients, respectively. Pap smear had 100% sensitivity and 58.3% specificity for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions, while these values for colposcopy were 75% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The frequency of high-risk HPV types was relatively low among women living in Yazd than in those from other provinces of Iran. A significant percentage of patients with HPV had normal cervical cytology and histology. Therefore, HPV typing is recommended to decrease the development of cervical cancer. Colposcopy had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions.
Problems in Diagnosis of Addison’s Disease and its Misdiagnosis as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Case Report
Authors: Sabaghian Tahereh , Heidari Almasi Minoo
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) rarely occurs at the same time as endocrine diseases such as adrenal failure. There are some reports of cases with acute kidney failure accompanied by Addison’s disease and adrenal crisis. The studied case was a patient with Addison’s disease referring with manifestations of AKI on CKD and hyperkalemia without hypotension. Case Presentation: This report describes a 34-year-old man with the primary diagnosis of CKD and the subsequent diagnosis of Addison’s disease. Conclusions: Since renal failure is accompanied by hyperkalemia, the diagnosis of adrenal failure will be difficult in the case of no obvious hyponatremia and hypotension. Thus, it is necessary to carefully check the clinical and laboratory symptoms and high clinical suspicions in CKD patients.
Leveraging Student Thinking to Foster Productive Discussions
Authors: Bishop Jessica Pierson , Hardison Hamilton , Przybyla-Kuchek, Julia , Hassay Erika
Published: December 2020

Try these tools to engage your students with one another's thinking and to reflect on mathematically responsive classroom interactions.
Areas of Triangles: Reasoning and Sense-Making Opportunities
Authors: Gilbertson Nicholas J.
Published: December 2020

Consider these seven techniques to extend students’ learning.
GPS: Proportional Relationships
Authors: Asli Özgün-Koca S. , Enlow Matt
Published: December 2020

Growing Problem Solvers provides four original, related, classroom-ready mathematical tasks, one for each grade band. Together, these tasks illustrate the trajectory of learners’ growth as problem solvers across their years of school mathematics.
Then: My Unconventional Pathway to Becoming a Mathematics Educator
Authors: Roy George J.
Published: December 2020

This article describes the nature and benefits of involvement with NCTM Conferences as a contributor to individual and collegial professional growth.
Enhancing and Transforming Virtual Instruction
Authors: T. Barlow Angela , Edwards Clayton Morgan , Robichaux-Davis, Rebecca , Sears Ruthmae
Published: December 2020

In this article, the authors examine how to implement ideas taken from MTLT’s Front-and-Center articles in virtual classrooms.
A rare case of Vohwinkel’s syndrome
Authors: Swetha Sridhar , Aneesh Samayam , Patra Anjan Kumar
Published: December 2020

Keratoderma hereditarium mutilans or Vohwinkel’s syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant type of palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by honeycomb appearance, pseudoainhum leading to auto-amputation and stellate keratosis on knuckles. It’s mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant with mutation in loricrin and connexin 26 genes. We report the case of a 35-year-old female with alopecia universalis since birth and transgradient palmoplantar keratoderma, impaired hearing and pseudoainhum formation since childhood. This case is being reported to highlight the association of Vohwinkel’s syndrome with sensorineural hearing loss and alopecia universalis.