bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MODEL IN THE MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES AT TOURISM VILLAGE
Authors: Arbainah Siti , Utami Hadiahti , Sugiarti Sugiarti
Published: May 2020

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in economic development. It is reasonable if the empowerment of MSMEs gets special attention by the government, including MSMEs in tourism villages. The tourist village of Loram Kulon MSME which is one of the objects of this research is growing and diverse in both number and type. The diversity of MSMEs has resulted in village governments having difficulties in implementing MSME development programs that are in harmony with the characteristics of tourism villages. This study aims to formulate a business development strategy model for MSMEs in resource-based and local wisdom-based tourism villages. Except in the village of Loram Kulon, research has been carried out with the object of the Jambearum tourism village in Kendal Regency. The study used 7-10 samples of MSMEs taken randomly. Respondents are owners / managers of MSMEs. Data was collected through interviews with the help of questionnaires. Processed using descriptive statistics and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. From these two studies can be formulated a model of village tourism MSME development. The results show that the development model based on the SWOT analysis is the right model for formulating the tourism village MSME development strategy. This is because the SWOT analysis considers the internal and external conditions of MSMEs and provides four alternative strategies namely SO, ST, WO, WT which can be selected according to the general objectives of MSMEs in the tourism village
What Does Florida Weather during the Past 20 Years Look Like? Florida Weather Represented by the Florida Automated Weather Network (FAWN)
Authors: Shin Satbyeol , Her Young Gu , Zhang Geraldina , Lusher William
Published: May 2020

This 8-page document gives an overview of Florida temperature and rainfall during the past 20 years based on historical FAWN data to provide information about the temporal and spatial trends of Florida weather and the frequency and size of extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall and drought. This document also investigates the characteristics of drought and heavy rainfall in relation to hurricanes and tropical storms. Written by Satbyeol Shin, Young Gu Her, Geraldina Zhang, and William Lusher, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, January 2020.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae537
How to Avoid Common Problems with Leaf Wetness Sensor Installation and Maintenance
Authors: Borba Onofre Thiago , Fraisse Clyde W. , Peres Natalia A. , McNair Janise
Published: May 2020

Leaf wetness duration is an essential input in disease prediction models and decision support systems in Florida and elsewhere. Incorrect installation or lack of regular maintenance of leaf wetness sensors may lead to errors in plant disease risk monitoring and negative impacts on yield. This 7-page publication provides detailed guidelines for the proper installation and maintenance of leaf wetness sensors and describes the most common problems found in field installations as well as potential solutions. Written by T. B. Onofre, C. W. Fraisse, N. A. Peres, and J. McNair, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2020.
ET-Based Irrigation Scheduling for Papaya (Carica papaya) in Florida
Authors: Bayabil Haimanote K. , Crane Jonathan , Migliaccio Kati W. , Li Yuncong , Ballen Fredy
Published: May 2020

Three irrigation scheduling methods (set schedule, ET-based, and tensiometer-based) were tested for papaya production in south Florida. ET-based irrigation scheduling was found to conserve water effectively. This 6-page document primarily focuses on the ET-based irrigation scheduling techniques for papaya under Florida conditions. Written by Haimanote K. Bayabil, Jonathan H. Crane, Kati W. Migliaccio, Yuncong Li, and Fredy Ballen, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, March 2020. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae540
An Overview of the Grapefruit Market in France
Authors: Heng Yan , Tejeda Mitzey , House Lisa
Published: May 2020

The authors of this 4-page fact sheet, Yan Heng, Mitzey Tejeda, and Lisa House, used a national survey to analyze and understand French consumer preferences and consumption behavior regarding grapefruit. They found that more than half of the respondents were willing to purchase grapefruit in the upcoming year, suggesting that French consumers hold an overall positive image of grapefruit. As a major and well-recognized supplier providing high-quality products, Florida has the opportunity to continue producing and exporting grapefruit to France. Published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1072
Choosing the Right Blackberry Cultivar in Subtropical Florida
Authors: Agehara Shinsuke , Lin Syuan-You , Deng Zhanao
Published: May 2020

Blackberry (Rubus spp.) is a deciduous berry crop and the fourth most economically important berry crop in the United States. Driven by the growing demand for blackberries, production recently expanded to the southeastern United States. In Florida, however, commercial blackberry production is limited primarily to small commercial U-pick operations. The main challenges include insufficient chill hours and poor fruit quality associated with the subtropical climate. This new 6-page article, a publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department, will discuss important cultivar selection criteria and recommended blackberry cultivars in subtropical Florida. Written by Shinsuke Agehara, Syuan-You Lin, and Zhanao Deng.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1352
Citrus Leaf Sampling Procedures for Nutrient Analysis
Authors: Vashisth Tripti , Burrow Jamie D , Kadyampakeni Davie , Ferrarezi Rhuanito
Published: May 2020

To maintain balanced nutrients for optimal tree growth, citrus growers need to assess trees’ nutritional requirements. These assessments help prevent any nutrient deficiency or toxicity from compromising tree health and yield or reducing revenue. This new illustrated two-page instructional sheet gives a basic procedure for the citrus leaf sampling process, as well as additional suggestions for HLB-affected trees. Written by Tripti Vashisth, Jamie D. Burrow, Davie Kadyampakeni, and Rhuanito S. Ferrarezi, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1355
Recommendations for the Detection and Mitigation of Laurel Wilt Disease in Avocado and Related Tree Species in the Home Landscape
Authors: Crane Jonathan Henry , Wasielweski Jeff , Carrillo Daniel , Gazis Romina , Schaffer Bruce , Ballen Fredy , Evans Edward
Published: May 2020

Avocado trees are a popular choice for homeowners in Florida, with over 600,000 growing in Florida home landscapes. However, avocado trees as well as others in the Lauraceae family are susceptible to laurel wilt disease, which can kill a tree in as few as three weeks. This new publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department provides home owners recommendations for identifying and mitigating laurel wilt disease in the home landscape. Written by Jonathan H. Crane, Jeff Wasielewski, Daniel Carrillo, Romina Gazis, Bruce Schaffer, Fredy Ballen, and Edwards Evans.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1358
El higo
Authors: Sarkhosh Ali , Andersen Peter C. , Clavijo Herrera Luis Jonathan
Published: May 2020

El higo (Ficus carica L; familia Moracea) se originó en los trópicos del Viejo Mundo: Asia Menor y la Región Mediterránea. En el Mediterráneo, el higo se ha cultivado desde el año 5,000 a.C. Muchos cultivares de higos fueron importados del Viejo Mundo en los últimos 50 años. Actualmente, sin embargo, no hay programas de mejoramiento de higos en los Estados Unidos, y de entre al menos 60-100 cultivares de higos nombrados, relativamente pocos se cultivan en el sureste de los Estados Unidos. This is the Spanish version of HS27, The Fig. (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg214). Written by Ali Sarkhosh and Peter C. Andersen, translated by Luis Jonathan Clavijo Herrera, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department.
Nutrition of Florida Citrus Trees, 3rd Edition: Chapter 7. Methods of Fertilizer Application
Authors: Obreza Thomas A. , Boman Brian J. , Zekri Mongi , Futch Stephen H.
Published: May 2020

The information provided in the 2008 2nd edition is still sound for healthy citrus trees under Florida production conditions. Much of the information provided in this document on nutrients, application methods, leaf and soil sampling and irrigation scheduling are also effective for huanglongbing (HLB) affected citrus trees. However, research conducted since HLB was detected in Florida in 2005 has established changes in many production practices, including nutrient rates, irrigation scheduling, soil pH management, and use of Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS). Changes to the 2nd edition of SL253 will appear in boxes similar to this one at the beginnings of chapters 2, 6, 8, 9, and 11.
Nutrition of Florida Citrus Trees, 3rd Edition: Chapter 8. Recommended Fertilizer Rates and Timing
Authors: Obreza Thomas A. , Morgan Kelly T. , Albrigo L. Gene , Boman Brian J. , Kadyampakeni Davie , Vashisth Tripti , Zekri Mongi , Graham Jim , Johnson Evan
Published: May 2020

The information provided in the 2008 2nd edition is still sound for healthy citrus trees under Florida production conditions. Much of the information provided in this document on nutrients, application methods, leaf and soil sampling and irrigation scheduling are also effective for huanglongbing (HLB) affected citrus trees. However, research conducted since HLB was detected in Florida in 2005 has established changes in many production practices, including nutrient rates, irrigation scheduling, soil pH management, and use of Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS). Changes to the 2nd edition of SL253 will appear in boxes similar to this one at the beginnings of chapters 2, 6, 8, 9, and 11.
Sea Turtle Conservation: Priorities for Environmental Education Efforts
Authors: Swindall Jessica E. , Ober Holly K. , Lamont Margaret M. , Carthy Raymond R.
Published: May 2020

All five species of sea turtle that occur in Florida are in danger of extinction. This 4-page fact sheet written by Jessica E. Swindall, Holly K. Ober, Margaret M. Lamont, and Raymond R. Carthy and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation discusses common human actions that are harmful to sea turtles and provides insight on key environmental education topics. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw465
How Effective and Humane is Trap-Neuter-Release (TNR) for Feral Cats?
Authors: Hostetler Mark , Wisely Samantha M , Johnson Steve , Pienaar Elizabeth , Main Martin
Published: May 2020

As the number of feral cats continues to increase, land managers, public health officials, and private citizens are voicing concerns about how to address the nuisance and public health impacts, as well as animal welfare concerns, that feral cats create. Trap-neuter-release programs aimed at reducing feral cat populations without euthanasia are gaining popularity in the United States. But do they work? Authors Mark Hostetler, Samantha M. Wisely, Steve Johnson, Elizabeth F. Pienaar, and Martin Main discuss the pros and cons of trap-neuter-release programs in this 8-page fact sheet published by the UF/IFAS Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw468
Weed Management in Pastures and Rangeland--2020
Authors: Sellers Brent , Devkota Pratap
Published: May 2020

Weeds in pastures and rangeland cost ranchers in excess of $180 million annually in Florida by reducing forage yield, lowering forage quality, and causing animal injury through toxicity or specialized plant organs (thorns and spines). Effective weed management begins with a healthy pasture. Weeds are seldom a serious problem in a well-managed, vigorously growing pasture. Good pasture management involves the proper choice of the forage species and variety, an adequate fertility program, controlled grazing management, and pest management (weeds, insects, and diseases).
Shape-Memory Polymers in Dentistry
Authors: Bruni Alessandro
Published: May 2020

Objective: To perform a systematic review (SR) of existing literature and a patent landscape report (PLR) regarding the potential applications of shape-memory polymers (SMPs) in dentistry.
Search strategy: Clinical and Biomedical online databases (Pubmed, Medline via Embase, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane Library), Materials Science and Engineering databases (IEEE Explore, Compendex, Proquest), Material Science and Chemical database (Reaxys) so as Patents databases (Questel-Orbit, Espacenet, Patentscope) were consulted as recently as January 2019 to identify all papers and patents potentially relevant to the review. The reference lists of all eligible studies were hand searched for additional published work.
Results: After duplicate selection and extraction procedures, 6 relevant full-text articles from the initial 302 and 45 relevant patents from 497 were selected. A modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist of 14 items for reporting pre-clinical in-vitro studies was used to rate the methodological quality of the selected papers. The overall quality was judged low.
Conclusions: Despite the great potential and versatility of SMPs, it was not possible to draw evidence-based conclusions supporting their immediate employment in clinical dentistry. This was due to the weak design and a limited number of studies included within this review and reflects the fact that additional research is mandatory to determine whether or not the use of SMPs in dentistry could be effective. Nevertheless, the qualitative analysis of selected papers and patents indicate that SMPs are promising materials in dentistry because of their programmable physical properties. These findings suggest the importance of furtherly pursuing this line of research.
Industrial hemp and its potential
Authors: BHOWMIK ARNAB
Published: May 2020

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an emerging high-value specialty crop that can be cultivated foreither fiber, seed, or cannabidiol (CBD). The demand for hemp and its products has been consistently onthe rise in the 21st century. The United States of America has reintroduced hemp and legalizedits production as an agricultural commodity through the 2018 Federal Farm Bill. Although thereis a renewed interest in the adoption of hemp due to the emerging market, its production in theUnited States remains limited partly because of unclear agronomic guidance and fertilizationrecommendations. This review article provides information on the current agronomic managementpractices that are available in the literature and identifies the future research needs for cultivating thismultipurpose crop to address the growing market demands. Hemp production could be beneficialif managed properly. Hemp fertilizer requirements vary in accordance with the type of hempgrown (seed, fiber, or CBD), soil, environmental conditions and requires a wide range of macro- andmicronutrients. Integrating management practices in hemp cultivation intended to build soil health ispromising since the hemp cropping system is suitable for crop rotation, cover cropping, and livestockintegration through animal waste applications. Hemp also has significant environmental benefitssince it has the potential to remediate contaminated soils through phytoremediation, convert highamounts of atmospheric CO2 to biomass through bio-sequestration, and hemp biomass for bioenergyproduction. This review identifies that most of the agronomic research in the past has been limitedto hemp fiber and, to some extent, hemp seed but not CBD hemp. With the increase in the globalmarkets for hemp products, more research needs to be conducted to provide agronomic guidelinesfor sustainable hemp production.
Precision Medicine in Childhood Asthma
Authors: Perez-Garcia Javier , Herrera-Luis Esther , Lorenzo-Diaz Fabian , Gonzalez Carracedo Mario A. , Sardon Prado Olaia , Villar Jesús , Pino-Yanes Maria
Published: May 2020

Asthma is a complex and multifactorial respiratory disease with a high prevalence in the pediatric population. Variation in treatment response to asthma therapies has been described among patients, and difficult-to-treat asthma carries both high healthcare and socioeconomic burden to the patients and society. Omic studies can be used to discover the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma susceptibility and treatment response, contributing to a better knowledge and definition of asthma pathogenesis and therefore, to the development of precision medicine. This entry aims to summarize the recent findings of omic studies of treatment response in childhood asthma. Between 2018-2019 a total of 13 omic studies has been performed involving genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and the microbiome. These have been focused on the response to three common asthma medications: short-acting beta agonists, inhaled corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists. Novel associations of different biomarkers with asthma treatment response have been described. However, stronger evidence and more consistent results are required to implement these molecular biomarkers into clinical practice by establishing the most appropriate therapy for each patient.
Non-linear effects in the oscillating drop method for viscosity measurements
Authors: WUNDERLICH RAINER K. , MOHR MARKUS
Published: May 2020

The contribution of non-linear fluid flow effects to the damping of surface oscillations in the oscillation drop method was investigated in a series of experiments in an electromagnetic levitation device installed on the International Space station, ISS-EML. In order to correctly evaluate the damping time constant from measured surface oscillation decays the effect of a modulated signal response on measured surface oscillation decay curves was investigated. It could be shown that various experimentally observed signal patterns could be well represented by a modulated response. The physical origin of such modulations is seen in rotation and precession. Over a temperature range of 220 K covered by different surface oscillation excitation pulses with an initial sample shape deformation of 5 – 10% the amplitude of surface oscillations as a function of time could be very well represented by a Lamb type damping with a temperature dependent viscosity. A direct comparison of surface oscillation decay times measured in the same temperature range but for different oscillation amplitudes showed no non-linear contribution to the damping time constant with a confidence level better 10%.
Electronic and thermal properties of LuNi2B2C under pressure
Authors: LIU LILI , JIANG YUHAN , CHEN LIWAN , JIANG YOUCHANG , HE YELU , LIU DINGXING , WEN YUFENG
Published: May 2020

The electronic and thermal properties of LuNi2B2C were studied by performing density-functional theory (DFT) and density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). No virtual frequencies appear on the phonon spectrum, indicating that LuNi2B2C is dynamically stable in the tetragonal structure up to 30 GPa. The density of states at Fermi energy EF is nonzero and falls on the sharp peak, which is why LuNi2B2C has a high superconducting temperature. Moreover, the temperature and pressure dependences of bulk modulus, heat capacity at constant pressure and thermal expansion coefficient in a wide temperature (0-900 K) and pressure (0-30 GPa) ranges are presented in this study.
La AEG y la instalación de un imaginario modernizador en Chile
Authors: Vera Rodrigo , Harris Ronald , Bascuñán Patricio
Published: May 2020

El artículo propone una visión alternativa del ingreso de la proyectualidad moderna relacionada con la presencia de la firma alemana AEG (Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft) y el ineludible vínculo de esta empresa con la figura del arquitecto y diseñador alemán Peter Behrens, uno de los principales impulsores de la vanguardia moderna, a partir de tres de estudio: gráfica, edificios y alcances de una visión técnica y modernizadora.La instalación de esta perspectiva es posible de advertirla en Chile, donde la firma AEG se extendió durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX en territorio nacional, ampliando un proceso modernizador que hoy se puede verificar en un examen conjunto de estas manifestaciones.La metodología utilizada se basa en revisión y discusión bibliográfica, además de análisis de contenido textual y visual de documentación relativa a la AEG recogida en el Historisches Archiv del Deutsches Technikmuseum, Berlín. Respecto de la arquitectura, se contemplaron registros en terreno de obras arquitectónicas tanto en Santiago como Berlín, las que fueron comparadas en su materialidad y estructura.Las conclusiones más relevantes apuntan a considerar la existencia de una visión modernizadora instalada en Chile a partir del desarrollo de los casos de estudio, relevando la importancia que la bibliografía especializada le ha otorgado a Peter Behrens en propiciar un sentido de proyectualidad moderna.También se concluye que si bien esta instalación fue circunscrita a un número limitado de destinatarios, tuvo una dimensión amplia si se considera que implicó una perspectiva moderna que puede ser ponderada desde la cultura material y visual de determinado momento en la historia de Chile, en que la producción industrial era una aspiración que podía verse reflejada en estas imágenes y edificios.
Acceso solar en espacio urbano: simulaciones energéticas para su mitigación en alta densidad inmobiliaria residencial. Santiago Centro Sur
Authors: Cárdenas-Jirón Luz Alicia , Lou Jing Chang
Published: May 2020

La alta densidad con edificios inmobiliarios de gran altura bloquea el acceso solar al espacio urbano y con ello limita las condiciones térmicas y lumínicas necesarias para la vida del ser humano. La renovación urbanística es parte de la transformación de las ciudades, pero la sobreocupación del suelo debe regularse por los problemas ambientales urbanos generados por el negocio inmobiliario per se. El objetivo del artículo es explorar alternativas de ocupación predial considerando algunos parámetros normativos del plan regulador y los efectos energéticos de proyectos inmobiliarios sobre el espacio urbano, mediante el concepto de acceso solar. La metodología considera simulaciones energéticas de forma urbana para obtener como resultado un método de análisis que relacione normativa urbanística con una cuantificación energética solar. Compara pérdidas y/o ganancias solares para el espacio urbano (calle y fachadas) en distintos escenarios morfológicos. Con este método, se exploran preliminarmente parámetros tales como altura y distanciamientos en una tipología edificatoria residencial (torres) que mitiguen las externalidades solares en vecinos. Se concluye que es factible mitigar el acceso solar en espacio urbano; mediante un ensanche del perfil de calle, y el correspondiente aumento de altura edificada; lo que indica que la relación altura/ancho H/W es más relevante que la altura per se del edificio. Con ello, se pretende avanzar con propuestas conducentes hacia una contribución a la Ley de Aportes al Espacio Público.
Construcciones visuales: miradas cruzadas. Luis Barragán versus Armando Salas Portugal, José Antonio Coderch versus Francesc Català Roca
Authors: Rueda Velázquez Claudia , De Rentería Cano Isabela , Martínez Duran Anna
Published: May 2020

A principios del siglo XX la fotografía evoluciona en la técnica y en la composición al igual que otras artes, y se transforma en una de las principales herramientas para comprender una obra de arquitectura: tanto para el análisis de proyecto como para la difusión de la obra. Así mismo se ha hecho servir para la interpretación y el análisis de la modernidad. Ello permite plantearse las siguientes cuestiones: ¿qué relaciones surgen entre la arquitectura, su concepción y su representación? ¿cuáles son los mecánicos formales de los que se sirve el fotógrafo para representar una obra determinada? En este escrito, se intenta, por un lado, poner de manifiesto el papel que tiene la fotografía en la construcción visual del espacio a través del ejercicio del proyecto, y por otro, se analiza cómo las fotografías de las obras de estos arquitectos interpretan el proyecto, lo reconocen en la construcción de una forma –de un espacio vinculado a una intención visual– lo representan y lo difunden. Entre ambas disciplinas hay una influencia mutua, que vincula la construcción de un lugar y el campo visual que lo representa. Estas cuestiones se plantean a través del análisis de las experiencias paralelas de dos arquitectos, Luis Barragán y José Antonio Coderch, con dos fotógrafos, Armando Salas Portugal y Francesc Català–Roca, con los que entrecruzaron experiencias profesionales. En ellas aparecen lugares comunes y contrastes, que tienen relación con su cultura y su manera de mirar.
A Critical Discussion of Sartre on Love
Authors: Stevens Chris
Published: May 2020

Pessimism about the stability of intra-personal relationships runs deeply in the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre. I begin by examining how this pessimism arises from Sartre’s ontology, particularly considering the attitude of love towards the Other. I then suggest that there may be space within Sartre’s philosophy for a defense of love as a positive relation to the Other which need not be destined to cycle into attitudes toward the Other such as hate or masochism.
Thinking Just Happens
Authors: Chalmers David
Published: May 2020

David Chalmers is a professor of philosophy and neural science at New York University. He received his PhD in philosophy and cognitive science from Indiana University in 1993 and has held positions at University of California, Santa Cruz, University of Arizona, and Australian National University. He helped to found the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness and co-directs the PhilPapers Foundation. Chalmers has written extensively on a wide range of topics, including philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, epistemology, and metaphilosophy. He is a prolific author. His well-known works include The Conscious Mind, The Character of Consciousness, and Constructing the World. For more information about Chalmers and his current projects, visit http://consc.net/.
A Metaphysics for Mathematical and Structural Realism
Authors: Gerard Adam InTae
Published: May 2020

The goal of this paper is to preserve realism in both ontology and truth for the philosophy of mathematics and science. It begins by arguing that scientific realism can only be attained given mathematical realism due to the indispensable nature of the latter to the prior. Ultimately, the paper argues for a position combining both Ontic Structural Realism and Ante Rem Structuralism, or what the author refers to as Strong Ontic Structural Realism, which has the potential to reconcile realism for both science and mathematics. The paper goes on to claims that this theory does not succumb to the same traditional epistemological problems, which have damaged the credibility of its predecessors.
Philosophy Comes Our of Lives
Authors: Frye Marilyn , Godfrey Ashli
Published: May 2020

Marilyn Frye is a noted philosopher and feminist theorist whose works include The Politics of Reality: Essays in Feminist Theory and Willful Virgin: Essays in Feminism as well as various other essays and articles.Frye recently retired from teaching philosophy at Michigan State University. On February 26, 2013, the Stance staff met with Marilyn Frye to talk about her work, her life, and the status of women in the field of philosophy
Rusbridger’s “The Snowden Leaks and the Public” and Mill’s Utilitarianism
Authors: Hladik Casey
Published: May 2020

Abstract: In the wake of the controversial Snowden leaks, Alan Rusbridger observes that the National Security Administration [NSA] and Government Communications Headquarters [GCHQ] maintain that their mass spying is justified because it prevents the world from “going dark.” This paper will explore the meaning and philosophical significance of “going dark” and argue that the NSA and GCHQ’s claim appeals—wittingly or unwittingly—to J.S. Mill’s ethical principle of utility. This paper will therefore critique this argument within Mill’s utilitarian framework to demonstrate that its appeal to utility is illegitimate. Finally, this paper will argue that utility dictates that this mass surveillance is unjustifiable and should be terminated.
The Productive Citizen
Authors: Pass Lauren
Published: May 2020

This paper argues for analyzing the systematic invisibility of persons living with disabilities by temporalizing their oppression within a framework of “productive time,” which I posit as a normative sense of time by which cultural products and practices appear within capitalist economies. I argue that productive time is employed in cultural evaluations of actions that render persons with disabilities as “non-productive agents” who cannot partake in historical processes. My hope is that a theory of productive time will assist social justice efforts in analyzing the oppression of particular minority groups by identifying and combating harmful social values.
PERANCANGAN SOP (Standar Operating Procedure) PROSES PRODUKSI AMPLANG DI SENTRA INDUSTRI KECIL HASIL PERTANIAN DAN KELAUTAN (SIKHPK) TERITIP, BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Taufik Hidayat Nia Ariani Putri, Zulfatun Najah, Zulmaneri &
Published: May 2020

Dalam rangka menggerakkan roda perekonomian nasional, pemberdayaan Industri Kecil Menengah(IKM) dinilai menjadi salah satu solusi yang tepat. Dengan adanya IKM mengakibatkan terjadinyapeningkatan penyerapan tenaga kerja sehingga mampu menekan angka pengangguran. Pendekatankelompok juga dinilai sebagai salah satu pilihan yang lebih baik dalam pengembangan IKM yaitu dalambentuk sentra IKM. Sentra Industri Kecil Hasil Pertanian Dan Kelautan (SIKHPK) Teritip merupakansalah satu sentra IKM yang terletak di Kalimantan, tepatnya di Kota Balikpapan yang memanfaatkan hasilpertanian dan hasil perikanan khususnya untuk diolah menjadi suatu produk, salah satu contohnya yaituamplang. Amplang merupakan makanan menyerupai kerupuk yang terbuat dari ikan. Proses produksiamplang meliputi proses persiapan bahan baku, pencampuran bahan, pencetakan, penggorengan, penirisan,dan pengemasan. Untuk menghasilkan produk amplang yang seragam dan dapat bersaing dengan produksejenis di pasar, maka dibutuhkan SOP proses prduksi amplang untuk menjamin mutu produk amplang yangdihasilkan. SOP dirancang menggunakan swimlane flowchart. Dalam proses produksinya, dibagi menjadibeberapa bagian yaitu bagian penerimaan bahan, produksi, pengemasan dan pemasaran yang masing-masingbagian mempunyai tugas masing-masing.Kata kunci: Sentra IKM, hasil perikanan, amplang, SOP.
Rectification of Uqud Al-Fasidah (Void Contracts) in Islamic Financial Institutions
Authors: Mohd Nor Amir Husin , Shaharuddin Amir , Zakaria Mohamad Zaharuddin , Salleh Ahmad Zaki , Mohammad Sahid Mualimin , Abdullah Thaidi Hussein 'Azeemi , Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Ab. Aziz Muhammad Ridhwan , Ab. Jalil Mohd Afiq
Published: May 2020

Shariah compliance is the most critical element in the operations of Islamic financial institutions. In order to ensure the Shariah compliance, some samples of IFIs’ products are reviewed and audited. The audit practices has led to growing findings which reveal cases of uqud al-fasidah (void contracts) in IFIs. Thus, the articles discusses the issue by recommending several actions for IFIs in dealing with void contracts. The article highlights seven common causes of void contract related with bay’ al-tawarruq transaction. Some of the void instances can be rectifiable and some are non-rectifiable. As Shariah Non-Compliance (SNC) is treated seroiusly by IFIs and the regulators, the dicussion will provide insights on how to reduce the SNC incidences and to minimse their financial impatcs to relevant parties
Forecasting of Wind Induced Pressure on Setback Building Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Bairagi Amlan Kumar , Dalui Sujit Kumar
Published: May 2020

The wind load on an irregular plan shape tall building is quite different compared to a conventional plan shape tall building. Especially the aerodynamic parameters have extreme change due to the variety of setbacks at one or more the disparity of level. This paper highlights the prediction of pressure coefficient on square, single (20 %) setback and double (10 %) setback buildings for any wind incidence angle by CFD simulation and validated with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and fast Fourier transform. The ANN is a widely used and efficient tool for different types of analyses. The 0° to 180° wind incidence angles (WIAs) considered as input data and respective face wise pressure coefficient (Cp) used as target data. The Levenberg-Marquardt training function and Mean Square Error (MSE) performance function used to train the target data. The face wise graphs of CFD, ANN and FFT are plotted in a single graph and the Cp of the surface checked by any random WIAs. Amazingly, the Cp of random WIA by ANN is almost similar to CFD. Furthermore, the error of ANN is 0.6 % to 2.5 %, which is negligible. According to this predicted graph, the design Cp of any WIA can be easily calculated and implement directly in the design.
市政道路改造工程设计方案研究
Authors: 陈 倩
Published: May 2020

近年来，我国社会经济得到了全面的发展，从而推动了我国城市化建设工作的全面开展。当下我国大多数的城市市政道路都已经使用了较长的时间，再加上当时工程建造施工技术整体水平较差，使得很多的市政道路工程结构出现了不同程度的损坏。为了能够保证社会稳定发展，为民众的出行提供便利，最为重要的就是要利用有效的方法对市政道路工程进行改造和翻修，所以我们需要综合各方面实际情况制定市政道路改造工程设计方案，为市政道路工程的改造施工工作的落实创造良好的基础，这也是当前社会发展迫切需要解决的问题。
Anti-RhD antibody therapy modulates human natural killer cell function
Authors: Shlomo Elias  , Inbal Kol  , Shira Kahlon  , Rajaa Amore  , Mariam Zeibak  , Dror Mevorach  , Uriel Elchalal  , Orly Zelig  , Ofer Mandelboim
Published: May 2020

Anti-RhD antibodies are widely used in clinical practice to prevent immunization against RhD, principally in hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Intriguingly, this disease is induced by production of the very same antibodies when an RhD negative woman is pregnant with an RhD positive fetus. Despite over five decades of use, the mechanism of this treatment is, surprisingly, still unclear. Here we show that anti-RhD antibodies induce human natural killer (NK) cell degranulation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that NK cell degranulation is mediated by binding of the Fc segment of anti-RhD antibodies to CD16, the main Fcγ receptor expressed on NK cells. We found that this CD16 activation is dependent upon glycosylation of the anti-RhD antibodies. Furthermore, we show that anti-RhD antibodies induce NK cell degranulation in vivo in patients who receive this treatment prophylactically. Finally, we demonstrate that the anti-RhD drug KamRho enhances the killing of dendritic cells. We suggest that this killing leads to reduced activation of adaptive immunity and may therefore affect the production of anti-RhD antibodies.
Концепция развития государственной системы гражданской защиты в Республике Беларусь
Authors: Пархомчик Эдуард , Мурзич Игорь , Бузин Николай
Published: May 2020

Цель. Провести анализ существующих зарубежных государственных систем защиты населения от чрезвычайных ситуаций в мирное и военное время. Рассмотреть перспективу развития государственной системы гражданской защиты, выполняющей функции защиты населения от чрезвычайных ситуаций как в мирное, так и военное время.

Методы. Использованы общенаучные методы исследования: индукции и дедукции, сравнения и обобщения, аналогии.

Результаты. Обозначены факторы, позволяющие объединить государственную систему предупреждения и ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций и гражданской обороны, перспективы создания и развития государственной системы гражданской защиты в Республике Беларусь.

Область применения исследований. В статье на основе анализа сложившейся ситуации дано описание возможных направлений и путей развития гражданской защиты в Республике Беларусь в рамках основных направлений социально-экономического, научно-технического и технологического развития республики. Полученные данные могут быть использованы в области организации деятельности гражданской защиты в Республике Беларусь.
Effectiveness of nivolumab versus regorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who failed sorafenib treatment
Authors: Lee Cheol-Hyung , Lee Yun Bin , Kim Minseok Albert , Jang Heejoon , Oh Hyunwoo , Kim Sun Woong , Cho Eun Ju , Lee Kyung-Hun , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Yu Su Jong , Yoon Jung-Hwan , Kim Tae-You , Kim Yoon Jun
Published: May 2020

Background/Aims: Several treatment options are currently available for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) failing previous sorafenib treatment. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of regorafenib and nivolumab in these patients.Methods: Consecutive HCC patients who received regorafenib or nivolumab after failure of sorafenib treatment were included. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were time to progression, tumor response rate, and adverse events. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score was conducted to reduce treatment selection bias.Results: Among 150 study patients, 102 patients received regorafenib and 48 patients received nivolumab. Median OS was 6.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0–10.8) months for regorafenib and 5.9 (95% CI, 3.7–8.1) months for nivolumab (P=0.77 by log-rank test). In multivariable analysis, nivolumab was associated with prolonged OS (vs. regorafenib: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30–0.96; P=0.04). Time to progression was not significantly different between groups (nivolumab vs. regorafenib: aHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.51–1.30; P=0.48). HRs were maintained after IPTW. Objective response rates were 5.9% and 16.7% in patients treated with regorafenib and nivolumab, respectively (P=0.04).Conclusions: After sorafenib failure, the use of nivolumab may be associated with improved OS and better objective response rate as compared to using regorafenib.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin Parçalanma Süreci ve Basının Yaklaşımı: 1875 Hersek İsyanı Örneği
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Musa , YÜKSEL Rabia
Published: May 2020

Gazete ya da geniş manada basın, tarih araştırmaları için önemli imkânları içinde barındırır. Basının tarih araştırmalarına sunduğu imkânlarla, tarihî pek çok konuya ışık tutacak kaynak sağladığı görülür. Bu, Osmanlı basını için de geçerlidir. Gazeteler, devletin içinde bulunduğu durumu ve kamuoyunun buna dair yaklaşımlarını, döneminin meselelerini anlamaya büyük fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Çalışmamızın konusu Hersek İsyanı, basının, devletin parçalanma tehdidine karşı kamuoyunun yaklaşımlarına dair ipuçları vermektedir.
1875 Hersek İsyanı, Balkanlarda görülen isyan furyasının bir parçası olarak kabul edilebilir. Kötü devlet yönetiminden, bölgeye has sosyal sorunlardan ve Fransız İhtilali’nin gündeme taşıdığı ilkelerden bağımsız olmayan Hersek İsyanı, Avrupalı devletlerin meseleye yaklaşım biçimi sorunu büyütmüştür. Sorunun büyümesi Osmanlı kamuoyunun dikkatini çekmiş, Osmanlı basını da bunu yansıtmıştır. Basiret, Sabah, İstikbal, Tercüman-ı Hakikat ve Ceride-i Havadis ışığında şekillenen çalışmamızda, bunu açıkça görmekteyiz. Özellikle Basiret ve Sabah bu konuda ön plana çıkan gazeteler olmuştur. Biz de, 1875 Hersek İsyanı’nı, bu gazetelere yansıyanlarla çağdaş kaynakları karşılaştırarak ele alacağız..
Propiedades psicométricas de una escala de actitudes hacia la investigación científica (EACIN): Estudio en alumnos universitarios mexicanos
Authors: Cota Valenzuela Laura Violeta , Beltrán Sánchez Jesús Alfonso , Tánori  Quintana Jesús , Vázquez García Mario Alberto
Published: May 2020

En este estudio se analizan las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de Actitudes hacia la Investigación Científica (EACIN), dirigida a la comunidad académica y propuesta por Aldana, Caraballo y Babativa (2016) en Colombia. Para ello, se contó con la participación de 238 alumnos universitarios mexicanos y se realizaron análisis de consistencia interna haciendo uso de la prueba alfa de Cronbach y de validez de constructo a través de la aplicación del análisis factorial exploratorio (N=115) y confirmatorio (N=123). Los resultados indican que se obtuvo un modelo de medición bidimensional empíricamente sustentable, conformado por un total de ocho ítems y con los índices de ajuste necesarios (X 2 = 21.53, CMIN/DF = 1.13, CFI = .98, RMR = .06, RMSEA = .06). Por tanto, esta escala podría ser empleada en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. No obstante, es deseable continuar con la revisión de dicho instrumento y la confirmación de los resultados presentados e incitar la reflexión sobre los supuestos en el ámbito de la medición de actitudes.
Body Contacts and Social Interactions in Captive Odontocetes Are Influenced by the Context: An Implication for Welfare Assessment
Authors: Serres Agathe , Hao Yujiang , Wang Ding
Published: May 2020

Research on the welfare of captive odontocetes has increased in recent years, but has been mostly focused on bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Few studies investigated potential welfare indicators using quantitative data linked to a range of conditions or stimuli that are thought to impact the animals’ emotional state. Since odontocetes are social animals that engage in various social interactions, these interactions might inform us on their welfare state. We investigated pectoral contact laterality and the effect of the context on several social behaviors in three groups of captive odontocetes (Yangtze finless porpoises, YFPs: Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis; East-Asian finless porpoises, EAFPs: N. a. sunameri, and bottlenose dolphins, BDs). Animals exhibited patterns depending on the time of the day for most of the social behaviors we analyzed; social separation was associated with lower rates of social behaviors for the two analyzed groups (YFPs and BDs), the accessibility to several pools was associated with higher rates of social behaviors for BDs. The effect of enrichment, disturbances and public presence was less clear and strongly depended on the group, the type of enrichment and disturbance. Our results confirm that captive odontocetes’ social behaviors are influenced by the context, and that, depending on the group, some of them, such as pectoral contacts, other body contacts, agonistic interactions or social play exhibit consistent patterns across contexts. Monitoring these behaviors might be useful to adapt the captive management to each species and group. The different responses among the three studied groups confirm that species and groups react differently to a stimulus and therefore, management decisions should be species/group specific. We recommend that more studies should be conducted to validate our findings in other groups of odontocetes under human care.
Predicting Disease in Transition Dairy Cattle Based on Behaviors Measured Before Calving
Authors: Sahar Mohammad W. , Beaver Annabelle , von Keyserlingk Marina A. G. , Weary Daniel M.
Published: May 2020

Dairy cattle are particularly susceptible to metritis, hyperketonemia (HYK), and mastitis in the weeks after calving. These high-prevalence transition diseases adversely affect animal welfare, milk production, and profitability. Our aim was to use prepartum behavior to predict which cows have an increased risk of developing these conditions after calving. The behavior of 213 multiparous and 105 primiparous Holsteins was recorded for approximately three weeks before calving by an electronic feeding system. Cows were also monitored for signs of metritis, HYK, and mastitis in the weeks after calving. The data were split using a stratified random method: we used 70% of our data (hereafter referred to as the “training” dataset) to develop the model and the remaining 30% of data (i.e., the “test” dataset) to assess the model’s predictive ability. Separate models were developed for primiparous and multiparous animals. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve using the test dataset for multiparous cows was 0.83, sensitivity and specificity were 73% and 80%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 73%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 80%. The area under the ROC curve using the test dataset for primiparous cows was 0.86, sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 84%, PPV was 77%, and NPV was 80%. We conclude that prepartum behavior can be used to predict cows at risk of metritis, HYK, and mastitis after calving.
Introduction to the Special Issue: In Vitro Digestibility in Animal Nutritional Studies
Authors: Peiretti Pier Giorgio
Published: May 2020

The use of animals in research elicits a diverse range of attitudes and emotions, with some people demanding the abolition of research on animals and others expressing strong support[...]
The Opuntia Effect Improves Dam-Kid Metabolic Markers, Augments Colostrum Quality and Enhances Kid-To-Dam Behavioral Interactions in Crossbred Goats and their Offspring under Semiarid-Rangeland Conditions
Authors: Véliz-Deras Francisco G. , Meza-Herrera César A. , Herrera-Hernandez Sharon , Flores-Hernández Arnoldo , Guillén-Muñoz Juan M. , Navarrete-Molina Cayetano , Moreno-Avalos Silvestre , Rodríguez-Martínez Rafael
Published: May 2020

The possible effect of protein-enriched Opuntia cladode supplementation during the pre- and post-partum stages (−25 days to +15 days; day 0 = kidding) upon dam–kid metabolic status, colostrum-milk quality, and some behavioral kid-to-dam interaction in goats managed under rangeland extensive conditions was evaluated. Multiparous crossbred goats (n = 30), homogeneous regarding live weight (LW; 55.9 ± 1.03 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 2.5 ± 0.2 units), were randomly assigned to (1) protein-enriched Opuntia (PEO; n = 10; 29.8% crude protein (CP), 2.2 Mcal ME kg−1), (2) non-enriched Opuntia (NEO; n = 10; 6.4% CP, 2.1 Mcal ME kg−1), and (3) control (CON; n = 10, non-supplemented). The PEO and NEO goats were individually supplemented with Opuntia cladodes (250 g day−1; 09:00–10:00 a.m.; 25 days pre- and 15 days post-partum); then, all groups grazed in a marginal rangeland (10:00 a.m. to 06:00 p.m.). LW, BCS, and blood samples to quantify serum glucose (GLU) levels were collected weekly from day −25 up to day +15 in both dams (pre- and post-partum) and kids (post-partum). At 4 h and 8 h post-partum, kid-to-dam behavioral tests were performed; approaches (APRO, units), animal-to-animal contact (ACONT, s), latency-to-contact (LCONT, s), and high (HPB) and low (LPB) bleats were registered. The response variables LW (58.2 ± 3.5 kg), GLU from does (66.4 ± 3.3 mg/dL), colostrum fat (12.3 ± 1.15%), non-fatty solids (20.9 ± 2.1%), density (64.4 ± 7.0%), and protein (8.1 ± 0.8%), as well as milk density (31.2 ± 1.7%) and protein (3.9 ± 0.3%), favored the PEO group. Moreover, the dam-to-kid 4 h LPB (34.5 ± 4.6 frequency), as well as kid-to-dam 8 h LCONT-own (100 ± 35.5 s) and LPB (25.2 ± 6.9 frequency) also favored the PEO group. To conclude, peripartum supplementation with protein-enriched Opuntia cladodes emerged as a key alternative to enhance the dam–kid metabolic status, to improve colostrum quality and some milk components (density and protein), as well as to expand the kid-to-dam bond in goat production systems under marginal extensive conditions.