bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Battery Modeling for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Rotas Renos , Iliadis Petros , Nikolopoulos Nikos , Rakopoulos Dimitrios , Tomboulides Ananias
Published: April 2024

The development of accurate dynamic battery pack models for electric vehicles (EVs) is critical for the ongoing electrification of the global automotive vehicle fleet, since these serve as a key element in the energy performance of an EV powertrain system. The Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM) technique at the cell level is commonly employed for this purpose, combining accuracy and efficiency in the representation of battery operation within the broader powertrain system. In this study, a second-order ECM model of a battery cell is being developed using Modelica, an equation-based modeling language. Parameter lookup tables at multiple levels of state of charge (SoC), extracted from Li-ion battery cells with 4 different commonly used cathode materials, have been utilized. This approach allows for a representation of the battery systems that are used in a wide range of commercial EV applications. To verify the model, an integrated EV model is developed and simulation results of the FTP75 driving cycle have been compared against an equivalent application in MATLAB Simulink. The findings demonstrate a close match between the results obtained from both software across different system points. Specifically, the maximum deviation of SoC is limited to 0.08% and the maximum value of relative voltage deviation is 1.4%. The verified model enables the exploration of multiple possible architecture configurations of EV powertrains with Modelica.
Targeting H3N2 Influenza: Advancements in Treatment and Vaccine Strategies
Authors: Srivastava Shriyansh , Jayaswal Nandani , Kumar Sachin , Rao G.S.N. Kotesawara Rao , Budha Roja Rani , Mohanty Aroop , Mehta Rachana , Sah Ranjit , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Ulloque-Badaracco Ricardo R. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: April 2024

The emergence of the H3N2 influenza virus in 1968 marked a significant event as it crossed the species barrier. Since then, ongoing mutational dynamics have led to the formation of antigenic clusters, prompting the World Health Organization to advocate for regular updates to H3N2 vaccines. Research in the Western Pacific region underscores the necessity for heightened awareness and effective control strategies. Stemming from avian influenza A, the 1968 H3N2 influenza pandemic resulted in the deaths of one million people globally, with its seasonal variants primarily affecting older individuals and causing severe illness due to antigenic drift. To address the challenge of vaccine efficacy against H3N2 mutations, researchers are exploring innovative strategies such as precise antigenic material administration, controlled release patterns, understanding immune system mechanisms, and glycan engineering. This review comprehensively examines various aspects of the Influenza A (H3N2) virus, encompassing its virological characteristics, evolutionary trends, global epidemiology, vaccination strategies, antiviral interventions, and emerging diagnostic approaches. It underscores the impact of antigenic variation on vaccine design and effectiveness, seasonal outbreak patterns, pandemic potential, and the interplay between viral factors and host immune responses. Moreover, the review evaluates antiviral therapies and the issue of drug resistance, emphasising the necessity for multidisciplinary approaches involving researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to comprehend H3N2 and enhance public health interventions.
Tumor Evolution Is Directed by Cellular Responses to Survival Challenges
Authors: Zhang Helen
Published: April 2024

Tumor heterogeneity is a major obstacle in cancer therapy. We offer a novel perspective on tumor heterogeneity, informed by expanding upon the current view on tumor evolution. It is commonly known that in cancer, it is the advantageous genes and mutations that drive tumor capacities and the progression. We recognize an earlier, often overlooked, but necessary thus crucial step preceding the activation of advantageous genes functionality, namely, cellular response. We suggest that cancer is driven by an adaptive action taken by any organism when confronted with adversity - a cellular response to generate specific cancer capacities demanded to overcome survival threat - the responses that prompt the utilization of the functionality of advantageous genetic mutations and genes to attain these capacities and drive the disease. The ongoing development of cancer capabilities, as cells endeavor to obtain a competitive advantage, results in increased molecular chaos, observed as tumor heterogeneity. When the evolutionary drive for survival is impeded by therapeutic inhibition of critical genes, cell death occurs, a phenomenon thus termed oncogene addiction. We summarize the implications of this new framework for understanding tumor evolution and anti-cancer drug discovery, as well as understanding of basic cancer biology.
Disproving two widely accepted notions regarding entropy
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming , Chen Ji-Wang
Published: April 2024

This article systematically disproves two widely accepted notions regarding entropy using multiple novel and compelling arguments. To mathematically describe the second law of thermodynamics, the concept of entropy was created and defined in the 1860s as heat energy divided by thermodynamic temperature, and the entropy of an object increases when it absorbs heat. This is the uncontroversial and fundamental nature of entropy, which is pivotal to current thermodynamics and from which multiple facts are deduced. These facts consistently disprove the notion that entropy is a measure of disorder and disprove Schrödinger's notion of negative entropy (negentropy). Multiple biological facts (e.g., life orderliness is encoded and provided by inherited genes rather than entropy decline) can also disprove Schrödinger's negentropy notion. This article also elucidates the reasoning errors of the two notions regarding entropy. Moreover, the second law of thermodynamics and the notion that many natural or social systems tend to become more disordered over time are due to distinct statistical probabilities and are hence independent of each other.
Fontan Assist Devices, a Systematic Review of Twenty Years of Experimental and In Vivo Trials
Authors: AbdelMassih Antoine , Allami Zahraa , AlTatari Moyasar , AbuGhosh Rahaf , AlFakhori Alma , AlMistarihi Omar , Alkhouli Laila
Published: April 2024

Background:Fontan completion is the last stage of univentricular repair, which drains the inferior vena cava against gravity to a higher-pressure pulmonary arterial circulation. The passivity and anti-gravity nature of this circulation render a failing Fontan, not an uncommon encounter, twenty years ago, Rodefeld and colleagues, decided to explore the feasibility of vascular pumps to support the passive nature of Fontan circulation, and since then, trials are still ongoing, and we aimed through this review to wrap up the results of these trials. Methods:A literature review has been conducted, to identify any in vivo or in vitro trial of a Fontan assist device. Several outcome parameters determined whether the trial will be included or not in this review, including, the flow rate of a pump if applicable, the number of compressions per minute if a compression device has been used, the resultant flow rate, the inferior and superior vena cava pressures, associated with each setting of the respective device, and any evidence of hemolysis or clotting within the circuit. Results:A total of ten trials have been included, with 23 different settings. Three designs have been identified, out of which two fall within the pump design, namely the connecting chamber and the intravascular pump designs; only one trial explored the possible use of a compression device. The commonest design encountered in in-vivo trials was the intravascular pump (67%). No reports of significant hemolysis or thrombosis were found. An increasing flow rate beyond 5L/min was associated with a negative outcome in the connecting chamber design, increasing upstream pressure in the SVC, while intravascular pumps did not display this limitation. Conclusion:Univentricular heart patients are a relatively small population, with very extensive needs, despite twenty years of trials, no study has yet concluded the optimal design or settings for a Fontan assist device. In this review, we identified that the intravascular pump remains the most practical design, due to its easy mode of insertion, and that it is not faced with the limitation or risk of increasing upstream resistance. There is still a long way to conclude its use as other designs such as compression devices have not yet been fully studied.
Development of Analog Rice Made from Cassava and Banana with The Addition of Katuk Leaf (Sauropus androgynous L. Merr.) and Soy Lecithin for Lactating Women
Authors: Mahendradatta Meta , Assa Esra , Langkong Jumriah , Tawali Abu Bakar , Nadhifa Dwi Ghina
Published: April 2024

The development of analog rice, apart from being an effort to diversify food, also has the potential to be develop as functional food in fulfilling the nutrients needed by a community. Katuk leaf is known for its ability to accelerate breast milk production for lactating women which is inseparable from sterol as bioactive content. This study aimed to determine the best formulation of analog rice made from cassava flour, banana flour, Katuk leaf powder and soy lecithin that was sensory acceptable, in a shape resembling rice, and able to fulfill the nutritional needs of lactating women. Analog rice was produced using extruder machine before the physical and sensory properties analyses were carried out, followed by the chemical properties analysis. Formulation C (80% cassava flour, 20% banana flour, 3% Katuk leaf powder and 0.5% soy lecithin) was obtained as the best or most preferred formulation based on sensory analysis which the grain shaped oval round resembling original rice and had green-brownish color, fluffy texture, distinct aroma and taste derived from the raw material used. Therefore, this research is expected to support the development of analog rice for providing the main staple food for fulfilling the lactating women’s nutrition.
A New Sustainable PPT Coating Based on Recycled PET to Improve the Durability of Hydraulic Concrete
Authors: Borquez-Mendivil A. , Barrios-Durstewitz C.P. , Núñez-Jaquez R.E. , Hurtado-Macías A. , Leal-Pérez J.E. , Flores-Valenzuela J. , García-Grajeda B.A. , Cabrera-Covarrubias F.G. , Mendivil-Escalante J.M. , Almaral-Sánchez J.L.
Published: April 2024

A new sustainable polypropylene terephthalate (PPT) coating was synthesized from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and applied on hydraulic concrete substrate to improve its durability. First step, PET bottles wastes were grinded and depolymerized by glycolysis using propylene glycol (PG), in a Vessel-type reactor (20–180 °C) to synthesize bis(2-hydroxypropyl)-terephthalate (BHPT), which was applied as coating to one-three layers on hydraulic concrete substrate, by brushing technique and polymerized (150 °C for 15 h) to obtain PPT. PET, BHPT and PPT were characterized by FT-IR, PET and PPT by TGA, and the PPT coatings by SEM (thickness), by ASTM-D3359-17 (adhesion) and by water contact angle (wettability). The durability of hydraulic concrete coated with PPT was studied by resist chloride ion penetration (ASTM-C1202-17), carbonation depth at 28 days (RILEM-CPC-18), and absorption water ratio (ASTM-C1585-20). The results demonstrated that the BHPT and PPT were synthetized (FT-IR), PPT had a similar thermal behaviour to PET (TGA); the PPT coatings had good adhesion to the substrate, with thicknesses of micrometric units; hydrophilic (similar to PET coatings), and the durability of hydraulic concrete coated with PPT (2-3 layers) improved (migration of chloride ions decreased, carbonation depth was negligible, and the absorption water ratio decreased).
Circadian Rhythms in Tongue Features
Authors: Kim Jihye , Choi Woosu , Kim Keun Ho , Nam Dong-Hyun
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the circadian rhythms of tongue features according to the effects of physiological phases over a 24-hour period. (2) Methods: Fifteen healthy participants aged 20 to 69 years were recruited. The participants did not have current chronic diseases or past diseases and had to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants stayed at the Gil Hospital for a duration of 2 nights and 3 days. On the first day, at 18:00, they consumed their allocated portions of food and water and then completed a questionnaire. At approximately 21:00, their tongue images were acquired using a computerized tongue image acquisition system, following which they slept for 8 hours, commencing at 23:00. Measurements were taken from 07:00 through 21:00 on the second day, and the final acquisition was taken at 07:00 on the following morning, resulting in a total of eight images. The circadian rhythm was authenticated and quantified utilizing the single cosinor analysis, a technique for periodic regression analysis for fitting a 24-hour cosine curve. (3) Results: Cosinor analysis revealed that all tongue features were significantly related to circadian rhythm. (4) Conclusions: The results of this study may be important for considering the time of day at which the tongue is observed and tongue status is evaluated.
The Fisher-Tully Law solely with 1915 General Relativity and Dark Energy
Authors: Cornwall Remi
Published: April 2024

Observation of the distribution of the velocity of galactic rotation curves differed from their expected centripetal form and lead to the notion of Dark Matter or modifications to Newtonian and General Relativity, such as MOND, TeVeS and the like and even Quantised Inertia. We aim to show that General Relativity with Dark Energy/the Cosmological Constant is all that is needed, with the proviso that the Cosmological Constant can increase in the presence of a light flux or some other factor from galaxies and become gravitating; the need for Dark Matter may be abated.
Green Synthesis of novel Rhododendron arboreum Based Zinc Nanocomposites for Enhanced Antimicrobial and Photocatalytic Degradation Activities
Authors: Ali Sajid , - Sidra , Asghar Tanveer , Jan Muhammad Ishtiaq , Waqas Muhammad , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) open new opportunities for biomedical applications as a strategy against microbes and dye removal in an efficient way. The composite ZnNPs using Rhododendron arboreum (R. arboreum) stem bark were synthesized and characterized for UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized nanoparticles showed zones of inhibition of 23±0.09, 18±0.1 and 16±0.05 mm, against the Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values against K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and E. coli were found to be 34±0.21 and 72.71±0.47, 47±0.11 and 94.86±0.84 and 94±0.18 and 185.43±0.16 µg/mL, respectively. The biosynthesized ZnNPs resulted in significant eradication of the outer and inner membranes of the bacterial cells. Likewise, the synthesized ZnNPs showed time-dependent photocatalytic degradation activity and revealed 65% methyl orange dye degradation with an irradiation period of 6 hours. The findings of this study suggest the suitability of the novel R. arboreum stem bark-based ZnNPs as an effective ameliorant against bactericidal activities and photocatalysts for the removal of hazardous water contaminants.
Neurosurgical Management and Modifiable Risk Factors of Neurocognitive Decline
Authors: Mohamed Ali Ahmed , Flynn Garrett , Haff Christopher , Mouhawasse Edwin , Faragalla Steven , Luke-Wold Brandon
Published: April 2024

Cognitive impairment is a condition which affects aging patient populations and is becoming more prevalent as the geriatric population expands. It is categorized by the extent of cognitive decline, memory loss, functional abilities, and the capability to perform daily tasks. Based on the degree of impairment, it is classified as mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Considering the debilitating nature of cognitive decline and its impact on quality of life, prevention is key. In addition, given the gradual progression of the underlying causes of cognitive decline, early diagnosis and appropriate management has the potential to offer clinical advantages and better patient outcomes. Management options discussed vary from pharmaceutical regimens to neurosurgical interventions, with differing outcomes based on etiology of cognitive impairment.
A Single Center Experience in Combined Oncological-Surgical Treatment for Resectable Locally-Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Faber Dan Levy , Agbarya Abed , Caspy Ben , Lapidot Moshe , Rosenberg Shoshana Keren , Shnair Sonia , Sharoni Erez , Galili Ronen
Published: April 2024

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pulmonary malignancy, most frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage (III/IV). Patients in the Locally-Advanced Stage Subgroup (IIIA) are relatively few, yet compose of heterogenic phenotypes posing a diagnostic and treating challenge, leading to lack of clinical guidelines regarding the optimal standard of care. Several approaches exist, with a general agreement that a combined oncological and surgical modality approach is required. In this current retrospective descriptive study, operable Stage IIIA NSCLC patients who underwent surgery between 2013-2020 were evaluated on several aspects, including initial diagnosis, neoadjuvant regimens, outcomes of surgical intervention, overall survival at 2-years and 5-years following treatment. A total of 35 patients had neoadjuvant oncological treatment (mostly chemoradiation therapy) prior to surgery, out of which 28 patients were diagnosed with Stage IIIA NSCLC. In post-operative assessment of pathological staging, downstaging was reported in 20 patients, of which 7 (25%) cases were defined as complete pathological response. The 2-years overall survival rate was 65% and the 5-years overall survival rate was 60%. The main pattern of disease recurrence was distant metastasis.
Synergistic Effect of Terbinafine and Blue Light on Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Human Keratinocytes: Potential Implications for Cutaneous Mycosis
Authors: Pérez-González Luis Alfonso , Martínez-Pascual Maria Antonia , Toledano-Macías Elena , Jara-Laguna Rosa Cristina , Fernández-Guarino Montserrat , Hernandez-Bule Maria Luisa
Published: April 2024

Cutaneous mycoses are common infections whose treatment has become more complex due to increasing antifungal resistance and the need for prolonged therapies, hindering patient adher-ence and increasing the incidence of adverse effects. Consequently, the use of physical therapies, especially photodynamic therapy (PDT), has increased for the treatment of onychomycosis due to its antimicrobial capacity mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species. This study investigates the in vitro effect of the combination of blue light (448 nm) and red light (645 nm) with terbinafine on the cell viability of human keratinocytes and the production of reactive ox-ygen species. The combination of terbinafine and blue light exhibits a synergistic effect on the production of reactive oxygen species and a significant increase in the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme involved in the reduction of superoxide ions (O2-) and the genera-tion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Such effect could be useful in clinical practice to improve the response of cutaneous mycoses to pharmacological treatment, reduce their toxicity, and shorten their duration.
Effects of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Combined with Pressured Heating on Tree Nut Allergenicity
Authors: Cuadrado Carmen , Arribas Claudia Arribas , Sanchiz Africa , Pedrosa Mercedes M , Gamboa Pedro , Betancor Diana , Blanco Carlos , Cabanillas Beatriz , Linacero Rosario
Published: April 2024

Hazelnut, pistachio and cashew are tree nuts with health benefits but also with allergenic properties being prevalent food allergens in Europe. The allergic characteristics of these tree nuts after processing combining heat, pressure and enzymatic digestion were analyzed through in vitro (Western blot and ELISA) and in vivo test (Prick-Prick). In the analyzed population, the patients sensitized to Cor a 8 (nsLTP) were predominant over those sensitized against hazelnut seed storage proteins (Sprot, Cor a 9 and 14), which displayed higher IgE reactivity. The protease E5 effectively hydrolyzed proteins from hazelnut and pistachio, while E7 was efficient for cashew protein hydrolysis. When combined with pressured heating (autoclave and Controlled Instantaneous Depressurization (DIC)), these proteases notably reduced the allergenic reactivity. The combination of DIC treatment before enzymatic digestion resulted in the most effective methodology to drastically reduce or indeed eliminate the allergenic capacity of tree nuts.
Discovery of Cloud Applications from Logs
Authors: Harutyunyan Ashot , Poghosyan Arnak , Bunarjyan Tigran , Harutyunyan Marine , Haroyan Andranik , Harutyunyan Lilit , Baloian Nelson
Published: April 2024

Continuous discovery and update of applications or their boundaries running in cloud environments in an automatic way is a highly required function of modern data center ops solutions. Prior attempts to address this problem within various products or projects were/are applying rule-driven approaches or machine learning techniques on specific types of data − network traffic as well as property/configuration data of infrastructure objects, which all have their drawbacks in effectively identifying roles of those resources. The current proposal (ADLog) leverages log data of sources, which contain incomparably richer contextual information, and native constructs of VMware Aria Operations for Logs in terms of Event Types and their distributions to group those entities, potentially automatically enrich with indicative tags, and recommend for further management tasks and policies. Our methods discriminate not only diverse kinds of applications, but also their specific deployments thus providing hierarchical representation of the applications in time and topology. For several applications under Aria Ops management in our experimental test bed, we discover those in terms of similarity behavior of their components with a high accuracy. The validation of the proposal paves the path for an AI-driven solution in the cloud management scenarios.
Agroforestry: A Sustainable Land-Use Practice for Enhancing Productivity and Carbon Sequestration in Madhupur Sal Forest, Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz Mst. Sohela , Ashraf S. M. Kamran , Rana Md. Tanbheer , Ripta Saleha Khatun , Asha Sumaiya Binte Rahman , Urmi S. M. Sanjida Tasnim , KIMIHIKO HYAKUMURA , Islam Kazi Kamrul
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the role of agroforestry in mitigating climate change by sequestering atmospheric carbon in the tropics and subtropics, specifically in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh. Agroforestry, combining trees with crops on agricultural lands, is recognized for its potential to act as carbon sinks and enhance productivity. The study assesses various agroforestry practices, including Acacia-Pineapple-Turmeric-Papaya, Acacia-Pineapple-Zinger-Banana, and Sal-Pineapple-Aroid combinations. The research reveals improved farm productivity in these agroforestry systems, with different tree species sequestering varying amounts of carbon. Acacia species, ranging from 12 to 25ft in height, sequestered an average of 23.35 lbs/year, while Sal species (Shorea robusta), with trees 45 to 61ft tall, sequestered 49.80 lbs/year on average. Factors such as tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), number of leaves, and branches influence carbon sequestration. The paper suggests integrating the carbon trading system of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) with Carbon Sequestration (CS) potential to leverage agroforestry for greenhouse gas emission reduction in Bangladesh. By emphasizing the profitability of these practices alongside carbon sequestration, the study encourages the adoption of agroforestry as a sustainable and economically viable strategy for climate change mitigation.
AI Agents from Copilots to Coworkers: Historical Context, Challenges, Limitations, Implications, and Practical Guidelines
Authors: Hayawi Kadhim , Shahriar Sakib
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the transformative journey of Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents from copilots to integral coworkers within diverse sectors. Beginning with a foundational overview, we delve into the historical evolution of AI agents, highlighting key technological milestones and the shift from simple automated tools to sophisticated decision-making systems capable of learning and adapting over time. We explore the capabilities of AI agents, including problem-solving, predictive analytics, and automation, and their applications across healthcare, business, and education, showcasing their role in diagnostics, customer service, and personalized learning, among other areas. We also address the integration of AI agents in the workplace, presenting strategies for collaboration between humans and AI, and outline the challenges and ethical considerations that accompany the development and deployment of AI technologies. A comprehensive tutorial provides insight into the development process of AI agents, emphasizing goal definition, data handling, algorithm selection, and ethical guidelines. We also consider the pathway towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and the societal and ethical implications of widespread AI integration, proposing strategies for equitable and ethical AI use.
Hybrid Speech-Lexicon Emotion Analysis
Authors: Weber Maximilian , Nasir Wyne , Rossi Sofia
Published: April 2024

This study delves into Personal Narratives (PN), which encompass both oral and written recounting of individual experiences, encompassing facts, events, people, and thoughts. Traditional emotion recognition and sentiment analysis primarily focus on broader categories like utterances or documents. Our research, however, centers on identifying Emotion Carriers (EC), which are specific segments within speech or text that elucidate the narrator's emotional state (e.g.,"losing a parent", "decision-making moments"). Extracting these ECs enriches the representation of a user's emotional state, thereby enhancing natural language understanding and the sophistication of dialogue models. While previous studies have utilized lexical attributes to identify ECs, we argue that incorporating spoken narratives offers a more nuanced view of the context and emotional state. This paper explores the integration of speech and textual embeddings at the word level, alongside both early and late fusion techniques, for improved EC detection in spoken narratives. We employ Residual Neural Networks (ResNet), initially pre-trained on diverse speech emotion datasets and subsequently fine-tuned for EC detection. Our experimental findings demonstrate that late fusion, in particular, significantly enhances EC detection capabilities.
Green Measures for a Class of Non-markov Processes
Authors: Suryawan Herry P. , da Silva José L.
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we investigate the Green measure for a class of non-Gaussian
processes in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$. These measures are associated with
the family of generalized grey Brownian motions $B_{\beta,\alpha}$,
$0
Linear Generalized N-derivations on C-algebras*
Authors: Varshney Vaishali , Alali Amal S. , Ali Shakir
Published: April 2024

Let $n \geq 2$ be a fixed integer and $\mathcal{A}$ be a $C^*$-algebra. A permuting $ n $-linear map $ \mathcal{G} : \mathcal{A} ^{n} \rightarrow \mathcal{A} $ is known to be symmetric generalized $n$-derivation if there exists a symmetric $n$-derivation $ \mathfrak{D} : \mathcal{A} ^{n} \rightarrow \mathcal{A} $ such that $ \mathcal{G} \left(x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{i} x_{i}^{\prime}, \ldots, x_{n}\right)= \mathcal{G} \left(x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{i}, \ldots, x_{n}\right) x_{i}^{\prime}+x_{i} \mathfrak{D} (x_{1}, x_{2},\ldots, x_{i}^{\prime}, \ldots, x_{n})$ holds for all $x_{i}, x_{i}^{\prime} \in \mathcal{A} $. In this paper, we investigate the structure of $C^*$-algebras involving generalized linear $n$-derivations. Moreover, we describe the forms of traces of linear $n$-derivations satisfying certain functional identity.
Which factors influence the consumption of antibiotics in Q-fever-positive dairy farms in Northern Germany?
Authors: Huber Niclas , Gundling Natascha , Thurow Maria , Ligges Uwe , Hoedemaker Martina
Published: April 2024

It was the aim of this study to examine whether the usage of the vaccine COXEVAC® (Ceva Santé Animale) could reduce the consumption of antibiotics in Q-fever-positive dairy farms. Additionally, the effects of other herd-level factors on the consumption of antibiotics were investigated. In this longitudinal cohort study, 36 farms with vaccination and 13 farms without vaccination participated. In all herds, Coxiella burnetii had been directly or indirectly diagnosed. To compare the treatment frequency of antibiotics between the vaccinated group and the non-vaccinated group, the consumption of antibiotics for each farm was collected using the veterinary documents about the application and delivery of antibiotics. To gather detailed information about herd data, nutrition, milking management, housing, and animal health, the farmers were interviewed with the help of a questionnaire. The results suggest that there might be an association between the vaccination against Q fever and a reduced consumption of antibiotics. Neither herd size nor milk yield level influenced the consumption of antibiotics in the study herds. Type of flooring and udder cluster disinfection while milking were associated with a lower and higher therapy frequency, respectively. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the cause-effect relationship between vaccination and the consumption of antibiotics.
Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of MRI for Identification of Meniscal Ramp Lesions in ACL-Deficient Knees
Authors: Moteshakereh Seyed Mohammadmisagh , Zarei Hooshmand , Nosratpour Miad , Zaker Moshfegh Mana , Shirvani Proushat , Mirahmadi Alireza , Mahdavi Mahyar , Minaei Noshahr Reza , Farrokhi Mehrdad , Kazemi Seyyed Morteza
Published: April 2024

Background:

Despite vigorous efforts to delineate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of meniscal ramp lesions, there is still a great deal of uncertainty regarding its diagnostic performance. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the diagnostic performance of MRI for detecting ramp lesions in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees.

Methods:

We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase and included all articles, published before October 20, 2022, comparing the accuracy of MRI with that of arthroscopy as the gold standard for diagnosis of ramp lesions. We performed statistical analysis using Stata and Meta-DiSc software. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2) tool.

Results:

This meta-analysis evaluated 21 diagnostic performance comparisons from 19 original research articles (2,149 patients). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for diagnosing a ramp lesion were 0.70 (95% confidence interval [Cl], 0.66 to 0.73), 0.88 (95% Cl, 0.86 to 0.89), 6.49 (95% Cl, 4.12 to 10.24), 0.36 (95% Cl, 0.28 to 0.46), 24.33 (95% Cl, 12.81 to 46.19), and 0.88, respectively. Meta-regression using different variables yielded the same results.

Conclusions:

MRI exhibited a DOR of 24.33 and moderate sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing ramp lesions in ACL-deficient knees. However, arthroscopy using a standard anterolateral portal with intercondylar viewing is recommended to confirm a diagnosis of a ramp lesion.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cesta za snem či lepším životem? Obrazy „návratů“ potomků řeckých emigrantů z Československa zpět do země předků
Authors: Maroši Filip
Published: April 2024

At the end of the 1940s, a wave of many thousands of Greek refugees fled their country, which was torn by civil war, for Czechoslovakia. Around thirty years later, there was a political change in Greece that allowed the refugees to return to their homeland. In the meantime, however, a new generation of Greeks had grown up in Czechoslovakia who did not remember their parents’ country and had never even visited. This article is situated within the theoretical framework of research on return migration. It traces the differences in the presentation of narratives on motivations to migrate back “home” of those who migrated. It also addresses the research field of transnationalism, and the author inquires into whether the narrators maintain any form of cross-border ties to the country from which they migrated.
Integration in the Czech Republic as Seen from the Perspective of Intercultural Workers
Authors: Krajewska Aleksandra , Konopíková Michaela
Published: April 2024

This text focuses on aspects of the integration of immigrants from the perspective of intercultural workers. The qualitative research explored how intercultural workers in the Czech Republic perceive and understand integration, with special emphasis on their interpretation of what makes a successfully integrated immigrant. Our conclusions indicate the predominance of a dualistic view of integration based on the acquisition of Czech language skills and the achievement of self-sufficiency. The culturally determined behavior of immigrants can significantly influence their cooperation with the majority society in areas such as education and their orientation in the social system. This research contributes to understanding the integration of immigrants and reveals a complex interplay of language, self-reliance, cultural prejudices, and the role of intercultural workers in facilitating mutual understanding between new arrivals and the majority population.
ARBITRAJE, UNA GARANTÍA PARA EL DERECHO HUMANO DE ACCESO A LA JUSTICIA EN MÉXICO
Authors:   Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, López Martínez Cecia Bernice , Domínguez Vázquez Julio Alberto ,   Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Martínez Pérez Ricardo Antonio ,   Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco
Published: April 2024

En el presente trabajo se analiza la construcción conceptual del arbitraje como una garantía para el derecho humano de acceso a la justicia en México. Para ello se revisan los trabajos sobre el derecho humano arbitral, y los medios alternos de solución de conflictos a la luz de la reforma constitucional de 2011 sobre derechos humanos en México. Finalmente, se propone una delimitación del arbitraje, no como un derecho humano por sí solo, sino como una garantía que permite la tutela del derecho humano de acceso a la justicia consagrado en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y el Sistema Interamericano de Protección a los Derechos Humanos.
MEDIDAS TENDENTES AL RETORNO DE SOCIEDADES MERCANTILES A CATALUÑA: ALGUNAS CONSIDERACIONES DE URGENCIA DESDE EL PUNTO DE VISTA DEL DERECHO EUROPEO
Authors:   CUNEF, Ortega Rueda José David
Published: April 2024

Desde hace algunos meses, gran parte de la agenda política nacional viene dictada por los partidos in-dependentistas catalanes. Aunque en estos momentos el foco mediático se encuentra especialmente dirigido hacia todo lo que concierne a la Proposición de Ley Orgánica de amnistía para loa normali-zación institucional, política y social de Cataluña, hay un detalle que no ha pasado inadvertido para aquellos que desempeñamos nuestra labor profesional en el campo del Derecho mercantil: el deseo, constantemente manifestado por estas fuerzas políticas –y escuchado por el Gobierno central–, de que se implementen las medidas necesarias para el regreso de las sociedades catalanas que, en el contexto del denominado procés, optaron por huir de ese territorio.
Ethanolamine and vinyl-ether moieties in brain phospholipids modulate behavior in rats
Authors: Zenika Nasrin MST , Kikuchi Shuhei , Uchimura Yasuhiro , Yoshioka Mina , Morita Shin-ya , Kobayashi Tomoya , Kinoshita Yusuke , Furusho Yoshio , Tamiaki Hitoshi , Yanagisawa Daijiro , Udagawa Jun
Published: April 2024

Background
Plasmalogens are brain-enriched phospholipids with a vinyl-ether bond at the sn-1 position between the glycerol backbone and alkyl chain. Previous studies have suggested that plasmalogens modulate locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and cognitive functions, including learning and memory, in rodents; however, the specific moieties contributing to behavioral regulation are unknown. In this study, we examined behavioral modulation by specific phospholipid moieties by injecting rats with brain-permeable phospholipid liposomes prior to behavioral testing.
Results
To confirm that phospholipids in injected liposomes were incorporated into the brain, we first measured fluorescence intensity following intravenous injection of liposomes containing ATTO 740-labeled dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine. We then compared the behavioral effects following injection of saline (control), egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes, or liposomes composed of egg PC and 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (18:0–22:6 PE), 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (18:0–22:6 PC), 1-(1Z-octadecenyl)-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (18:0p-22:6 PE), or 1-(1Z-octadecenyl)-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (18:0p-22:6 PC) into the tail vein of male rats. The time spent in the central region of the open field was significantly reduced by injection of 18:0–22:6 PE, which harbors an ester bond at sn-1, but not by 18:0p-22:6 PE, which harbors a vinyl-ether bond at sn-1, compared to saline-injected controls. Two-factor ANOVA also revealed a significant interaction effect between the hydrophilic head group (choline or ethanolamine) and the sn-1 position bond (ester or vinyl-ether) on discrimination ratio in the novel object recognition test, suggesting that substitution of an ester bond with a vinyl-ether bond at sn-1 in PE (18:0p-22:6 PE) but not in PC (18:0p-22:6 PC) can enhance recognition memory. Alternatively, there was no significant behavioral difference in the elevated plus maze or marble burying test.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that the hydrophilic moiety (head group) and sn-1 bond structure of brain plasmalogens can modulate cognitive function and locomotor activity in rodents.
Insights into Kinetics and Isotherms studies of Cadmium (II) adsorption behavior onto wood biochar from aqueous solution
Authors: Lalhruaitluanga H. , Hauhnar Lalremruata
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the Cd(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions via wood biochar (BC) as an adsorbent, using different parameters, adsorption isotherms, and kinetic models.
Methods: Experimental tests were conducted to study the Cd(II) adsorption on a batch mode system. The study evaluated parameters such as pH, contact time, and Cd(II) concentration. To analyze the adsorption mechanism, various isotherms were utilized including Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Flory-Huggins, Fowler-Guggenheim, and Harkin-Jura were used. Additionally, Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-order were used to study the kinetics of adsorption.
Findings: The Langmuir isotherm suggests that the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) is 28.57 mg/g. According to this model, the metal ions are adsorbed by forming a monolayer and do not interact or compete with each other. Based on the Temkin isotherm, it can be concluded that the adsorption of Cd(II) onto BC is mainly physical in nature, as the value of heat of adsorption is less than 1.0 kcal/mol. The Redlich-Peterson and Sips isotherms indicate that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir form and further supports the predominance of monolayer adsorption pattern. The negative value of Gibbs free energy (ΔGo) suggests that the adsorption process is thermodynamically spontaneous and feasible. The Flory-Huggins and Fowler-Guggenheim isotherms indicate that the active zone of the adsorbent is occupied by adsorbate and also suggest the presence of repulsion between the adsorbate. The kinetics of the adsorption system followed a pseudo-second-order reaction rather than a pseudo-first-order reaction with an R2 of 0.999 and 0.979, respectively.
Novelty and applications: The results of various analyses indicate that the process of wood biochar adsorption is efficient and can be scaled up for the heavy metals removal from contaminated water.
Intrusion detection model based on multi-kernel approximation and multi-layer neural network
Authors: Wu Yukun , Li Hui , Chen Yunzhi , Lee Wei William
Published: April 2024

Aiming to address the problems of low time efficiency and poor generalization ability in support vector machine(SVM) model when dealing with large-scale network intrusions, this paper suggests a large-scale robust intrusion detection model that combines multi-layer neural network and multi-kernel approximate support vector machines. The multi-layer neural network carries out representation learning, learns the essential properties of the dataset, and performs feature reduction on the dataset. The multi-kernel approximation SVM using random Fourier characteristics to perform kernel approximation can handle large-scale datasets. The model employs the gradient descent method to train neural networks and multi-kernel SVM from start to finish. Our model was tested on three intrusion detection datasets of varying scales: NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15, and CICIDS2017; and compared with conventional machine learning models, deep learning models, and SVM models of different variants. The experimental findings show that our model has higher classification performance and better robustness when processing large-scale datasets, and has more advantages in terms of time complexity.
Machine Learning based Image Compression by Reducing Dimensionality
Authors: Sharma Vibhor , Srivast Deepak , Kumar Lokesh , ramola jyoti , Payal Mohit , Adhikari Manoj Singh
Published: April 2024

As medical imaging technologies continue to proliferate and generate massive amounts of data, data compression has become increasingly important for their storage, transit, and processing in the modern world. In telemedicine practices, it is common for medical images to be sent from one site to another. It is now important to minimize image size while maintaining diagnostic information in order to transmit and keep these high-quality images. Medical images compression is a technique that helps save money on transfer and storage by advising on the use of lossy and lossless compression algorithms. Medical images compression calls for a machine learning and IOT infrastructure. Multistage PCA, the Discrete Anamorphic Stretch Transform, and PCA using the Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma algorithm are just a few examples of dimensionality reduction techniques used in image compression. We provide many options for decreasing the dimensionality of image data. Among these techniques are PCA using the Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma algorithm, Discrete Anamorphic Stretch Transform, and Multistage Principal Component Analysis. The research suggests that combining PCA based on the Johnson-Lindenstrauss lemma with Shannon-Fano coding can lead to significant compression gains.
Generalized Robust Regression techniques and adaptive cluster sampling for efficient estimation of population mean in case of Rare and Clustered Populations
Authors: Subzar Mir , Wani Shahid Ahmad , Raja T. A. , Attri Amit Kumar
Published: April 2024

In many situations, when field researchers are inclined to deviate from the preselected sample plan and then to include nearby or related units in the sample, adaptive cluster sampling provides a nearby complete solution. For both rare and clustered populations, Thompson has introduced the adaptive cluster sampling (ACS) as a suitable sampling method when the data is not contaminated with outliers. So keeping this thing in mind, the present study focusses on defining adaptive ratio type regression estimators using OLS, Huber M, Mallows GM, Schweppe GM and SIS GM estimation functions within the framework of ACS. Subsequently, we have proposed regression type estimators utilizing OLS, Huber M, Mallows GM, Schweppe GM and SIS GM estimation functions within the framework of ACS. In this study we have also derived the mean square error property of both the adapted and proposed estimators. To evaluate the performance of these estimators we have used both real life and simulated Poisson clustered process data sets.
DKK1 as a chemoresistant protein modulates oxaliplatin responses in colorectal cancer
Authors: Shen Che-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Che , Li Ting-Wei , Li Chun-Chun , Chen Shang-Hung , Wei You-Lin , Chiang Nai-Jung
Published: April 2024

Oxaliplatin is effective against colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance hampers treatment. We found upregulated Dickkopf-1 (DKK1, a secreted protein) in oxaliplatin-resistant (OR) CRC cell lines and DKK1 levels increased by more than 2-fold in approximately 50% of oxaliplatin-resistant CRC tumors. DKK1 activates AKT via cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4, a DKK1 receptor), modulating oxaliplatin responses in vitro and in vivo. The leucine zipper (LZ) domain of CKAP4 and cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1) of secreted DKK1 are crucial for their interaction and AKT signaling. By utilizing the LZ protein, we disrupted DKK1 signaling, enhancing oxaliplatin sensitivity in OR CRC cells and xenograft tumors. This suggests that DKK1 as a chemoresistant factor in CRC via AKT activation. Targeting DKK1 with the LZ protein offers a promising therapeutic strategy for oxaliplatin-resistant CRC with high DKK1 levels. This study sheds light on oxaliplatin resistance mechanisms and proposes an innovative intervention for managing this challenge.
Topological reciprocity in 3D superconducting diodes
Authors: Moll Philip
Published: April 2024

The design of advanced functionality in superconducting devices usually focuses on materials engineering, either in heterostructures or in compounds of unconventional quantum materials. Here we demonstrate a different strategy to bespoke behavior by controlling the 3D shape of superconductors on the micron-scale. As a demonstration, a large superconducting diode effect is engineered solely by 3D shape design of a conventional superconductor, ion-beam deposited tungsten. Its highly efficient diode behavior appears from its triangular cross-section when vortices break time-reversal and all mirror symmetries. Yet reciprocity is observed at special field angles where the lack of symmetry would lead one to expect diode behavior. This can be understood as a topological mechanism that is robust against deformations of the triangle. Geometry and topology induce a rich internal structure due to the high-dimensional tuning parameter space of 3D structures, inaccessible to the conventional 2D design strategies in thin films.