bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Customers’ Perceived Risk and Attitude towards Adoption of the Digital Banking Services
Authors: Sivaram Arathi , Satheesh E. K.
Published: October 2021

Extensive use of technology in the banking sector has redefined the role of a modern banker and banks are not mere purveyors of credit but providers of a number of hi-tech services at the doorsteps of customers anytime, anywhere, and anyhow. The banking industry is currently witnessing healthy competition to adopt new technology. With the advent of Information Technology and its massive application in banking, the delivery of banking services has become more electronic and online. The demand for internet banking (IB) is necessitated by the growing e-commerce transactions and the paradigm shift in banking led by technology. From the perspective of both users and providers‘, IB is cost-effective, quick, and convenient. IB as a medium of delivering banking services is gaining acceptance from customers and is fast catching up in India particularly in Kerala with almost all the banks offering IB services to their customers. Customers are realizing the comfort of accessing banking services from home and as a result, a number of bank customers have already adopted IB or are on the threshold of adopting it. At the same time, we cannot ignore the various kinds of risks hidden in the IB services. Not only the technological factor but also the social, demographic, and even geographical factors also influence us for being digital.

As a result of the currency demonetization from 8th November 2016, the demand for digital banking services has been increased. This is mainly because of the unexpected financial crisis that emerged due to currency demonetization. So it led to a new digital revolution in the field of the banking industry. Comparing to conventional banking services digital banking will provide a different experience to its customers. As a result of currency demonetization, many of the consumers were forced to adopt digital banking services. Hence this descriptive study is trying to reveal the great risk perceived by the banking customers in the banking services and the wild adoption of digital banking as a result of currency demonetization by taking samples from state bank of India and Kerala Gramin bank customers. This study sheds light on different aspects of consumers’ perceived risk to analyze the influence of total perceived risk and consumers’ willingness to embrace innovation on digital banking services adoption.
POSITIONING ARCHITECTURE IN CULTURE
Authors: Ashadi Ashadi
Published: October 2021

Architecture could be defined as the relation of form-function-meaning in a cultural framework. This paper aimed to understand the position of architecture in culture. The method used was correlation and interpretation. Correlation method connected architectural forms with cultural forms, while interpretation method provided an interpretation of the relationship between the two, and the position of architecture in culture. The results showed that architecture as part of culture had almost the same form between the two. Architectural term included forms, functions, meanings, and ideas, while cultural term included physical culture, behavior patterns or social, value, and ideas systems. The architectural form became part of the physical form of culture, the architectural function became part of the form of social cultural system, the architectural meaning became part of the cultural value system, and the architectural ideas became part of the cultural ideas systems
SPACE SYNTAX ANALYSES IN DEFINING THE CONNECTION OF DEVELOPMENT CENTERS IN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sherlia Sherlia , Jordan Nadia Almira , Syafitri Elin Dyah
Published: October 2021

Old town means an historic or original core of a city which signifies the city’s origin growth. When the city develops and expands its built area, the emergence of a new development center will be inevitable. This study focuses on the connection of the old and new development center of Balikpapan city. In defining the mentioned connection, the authors use Space Syntax theory and depthmapX[net] software to analyze connectivity, integration and choice of the observed networks. Space Syntax analyses helped defining the spatial configuration of the old and the new center of development of Balikpapan city which has higher scores in main connectors and lower scores in local streets which also defines the movement and accessibility of the observed area. It is hoped that this study would be beneficial in guiding the planning and design of the future development of Balikpapan city that is appropriate with its spatial configuration.
The Exercise of Patriarchal Power and the Women’s Negotiation of Power in “The Arabian Nights”
Authors: Angel Natalia
Published: October 2021

This study focuses on the four tales that are taken from The Arabian Nights, namely The Tale of King Shahryār and His Brother, The Tale of the Porter and The Three Young Girls of Baghdad, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, and Ali Shar and Zumurrud. The goal is to find the forms of patriarchal power as the causes of the women characters’ negotiation of power and also the forms of the women characters’ negotiation of power in The Arabian Nights. The theories that are used for this study are the theory of power relation, the concept of docile bodies, and the concept of negotiation of power/power strategies. From the analysis, it is found that in the patriarchal society of The Arabian Nights, power is fluid and not fixed. Thus, in the society of The Arabian Nights, the women can still show reactions against men’s exercise of patriarchal power. Key words: Power, Negotiation, Women, Patriarchy, Resistance, Rebellion.
Anti-Imperialism in “Max Havelaar”
Authors: Winarso Bintang
Published: October 2021

This thesis analyzes how Multatuli shows anti-imperialism through the characters of Max Havelaar and Stern in Max Havelaar. The aim of the thesis is to prove that Max Havelaar and Stern embodies anti-imperialism from their author, Multatuli through their actions, ideas, and commentaries. The analysis of the characters uses theory of imperialism and anti-imperialism. The analysis of the characters is then connected to the real-world perspective of social, culture, and economy that happened around 1850s, by using the theory of new historicism. The results of the analysis show that Max Havelaar and Stern proved their anti-imperialism by fighting against economic, cultural, and political imperialism.
Natural White Pinkish Fairness Advertisement
Authors: Petrina Ignacia
Published: October 2021

This study observes the perceived meanings towards perceived meanings stated by people with different skin colors towards a skin whitening product advertisement. The subjects for this research are people with dark and fair skin. The writer used the theory of perceived meaning, semiosis, representation, interpretation, and light-skinned beauty in Indonesia to analyze the perceived meanings. The study used descriptive qualitative approach to reveal the perceived meanings of the respondents in a systematic way. From this study, it was found that skin color was one of the factors that affects the process of perceived meaning. Dark skin respondents produced perceived meanings that dark skin was beautiful. Meanwhile, fair skin respondents agreed that fair skin equaled beauty. However, they also produced similar perceived meanings due to the similar culture and common stereotype. Key words: Advertisement, Verbal Expressions, Visual Expressions, Perceived Meaning.
Promoting Fave Hotel’s Rungkut Meeting Rooms and Rooms Using a Marketing Booklet
Authors: Paramita Alexandra Ricci Pradnya
Published: October 2021

Fave Hotel Rungkut is a 3 – star hotel, located in Jl. Kaliraya Rungkut No. 23 – 25. Fave Hotel Rungkut has 175 total rooms with 169 standar rooms and 6 suite rooms. They also offer 4 medium and 2 large meeting rooms.  Their main competitors are Cleo Business Hotel, Zest Hotel Jemursari, and Amaris Magarejo. The main problem that Fave Hotel Rungkut is facing is the decline of upselling rooms and meeting rooms in September – November 2018. To solve the problem, I made a marketing booklet to help sales team sell the products of Fave Hotel Rungkut. A marketing booklet is made in English and Indonesia in order to make their local and foreign customers understand. This marketing booklet will be useful and helpful for sales and marketing team to promote or show their products to their target market. Keywords: Promotion, Hotel, Marketing Booklet
When the Flower Wilts: Stigmas of Mental Illnesses in Indonesia
Authors: Herada Shella Novia
Published: October 2021

In Indonesia, mental illnesses, or more specifically, depression, is still seen as a moral failure, a failure to conform in society due to a faulty moral upbringing. However, little spotlight is given towards the immediate family of a sufferer, how a sufferer places burdens on their family in terms of economy, psychology, and social life, in addition to the burden of sympathy as the result of having to put the needs of someone else above onself. To depict such suffering and help make it more visible, I created a story, written from the perspective of someone close to a sufferer, to show how the immediate family also suffers from the negative stigma attached to a sufferer. Keywords: sufferer, burden of sympathy, depression.
Don’t Speak, Maharani: Raising Awareness Towards How Victim Blaming is Worsening Rape Survivor’s PTSD
Authors: Al-Ayubi Arliga Kanza
Published: October 2021

The screenplay Don’t Speak, Maharani is the story of Maharani as a rape survivor who suffers from post traumatic stress disorder. Using drama as the genre of the story, the screenplay shows multiple struggles of Maharani who lives her life with unsupportive family which is worsening her psychological state. Since the screenplay focuses on the act of victim blaming which is worsening rape survivor’s Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), the story focuses on Maharani reaction towards the action given to her. As the plot advances, it shows how Maharani’s PTSD is worsened by victim blaming given to her. In the end, Maharani tries to heal by taking drugs but she gets overdose. In order to create this screenplay, I use two concepts which are rape and PTSD and rape and victim blaming. The issues regarding victim blaming and PTSD are rarely brought up in a form of a screenplay. However, I believe victim blaming is an act of killing and needs to be stoped. Keyword: Rape, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Victim Blaming.
Understanding the Justice in Agatha Christie’s Murder on The Orient Express
Authors: Aditya Lucky
Published: October 2021

This thesis deals with the understanding of justice in the novel. I use theory of retributive justice and two supporting theories about morality and code of conducts of private investigators. In this analysis, I analyze two characters who have strong reasons in helping me understand the justice. I analyze Hercule Poirot because he is the main character and also symbolizes justice due to his moral choice in the story. Next, I analyze Linda Arden because she is the mastermind and has the strong emotional scar to bring out her point of view of justice. The conclusion that can be found in this analysis is that justice in retribution includes an action that precedes the legal procedure. It can justify some action outside the legal written law. Key words: Justice, morality, code, legality, procedure, criminal
Promoting WICO 2.0 from PT. Telkom Surabaya Mergoyoso,Tbk to the Customers by Using a Promotional Video
Authors: Menteng Diondi Mereki
Published: October 2021

This Business Communication Final Project (BCFP) is made for PT. Telkom Surabaya mergoyo,tbk, a company which offers service in telecommunications and internet service provider in Indonesia. The problem of the project is how to promote the products and services that Wico 2.0 offers. Using the BCFP, the promotional video will be able to help the marketing and the sales to sell the company’s product and also make the customers aware with the uniqueness of the products. The promotional video contains the products of Wico 2.0 and the Uniqueness of Wico 2.0 itself. The video shows facilites of Wico 2.0. The promotion video also explains the benefits of Wico 2.0. Using this BCFP, the customers will be know more about Wico 2.0. The video can also help the marketing and sales team to sell Wico 2.0, so that they can increase the sale of Wico 2.0. Keywords: A promotional video, Wico 2,0, Telkom Indonesia, advertising
Teacher’s Roles and Students’ Behaviors in the Movie The Ron Clark’s Story
Authors: Kristian Wina
Published: October 2021

This thesis is a qualitative study on teacher’s roles and students’ behaviors in the movie The Ron Clark’s Story. The objectives of this study are to find out the teacher’s roles and students’ behaviors toward the teacher’s roles in the classroom scenes. This study was based on Harmer’s theory on teacher’s roles (2001, 2007) and Scarlett’s theory on students’ behaviors (2015). The data were collected from the movie and transcript of the conversation in the movie focusing on all of the classroom scenes. The findings show that the teacher applies six out of eight teacher’s roles: prompter, controller, resource, organizer, tutor, and participant. The findings of the students’ behaviors show that the students’ behaviors toward the teacher’s roles in the classroom are mostly having disruptive behaviors from scene one to four until it is starting to have significant changes to positive behaviors from scene five to eleven. Keywords: Teacher’s Roles, Students’ Behaviors, The Ron Clark’s Story
The Construction of Meaning Through the Visual Images and Written Texts in Nature Republic
Authors: Gunawan Wendy Cynthia
Published: October 2021

Advertisement is an important business tool that enables companies to promote their products, as well as delivering a message. In this research, I use Nature Republic posters entitled “Soothing Gel” and “Soothing & Moisture Aloe Vera 90% Body”. I used qualitative approach in this research. Next, I use the theories of Multimodal Discourse Analysis for the first research question and Denotative and Connotative for the second research question. I aimed to discover what the meanings that are constructed through the visual images and how the meanings are supported by the written texts. Through the poster, Nature Republic is building the feelings of being beautiful, young, confident, natural, pure, and trustworthy to its consumers. In conclusion, Nature Republic is trying to make consumers believe in their products and deliver many values through its posters. Keywords: Advertisement, marketing, poster, multimodal discourse analysis, denotation, connotation.
Speech Acts on McDonald’s Slogans and/or Headlines in Written Advertisements
Authors: Juliwati Stefany
Published: October 2021

This study of speech act was to find out about the illocutionary functions and the relationship between structural form and its communicative function. The source of the data is 24 written advertisements as published in the website Bored Panda. The data of this study are the 34 slogans and/or headlines found in the selected 24 McDonald’s’ written advertisements. The writer used qualitative approach. The theories applied consist of speech act, context and modes, body language, and copywriting. The findings reveal that regarding illocutionary functions, representatives serve as the most frequent type, followed by expressives and directives. The absence of comissives indicates that using promises/threats to promote is not a good promotional strategy. Meanwhile, the absence of declarations indicates the copywriters’ non-existent institutional roles to perform the act. All (34 out of 34) the speech acts have direct relationship between the structural form and communicative function.Keywords: speech acts, slogans, headlines, advertisements.
Woman with Power to Construct and Exercise Strategies as Portrayed in 7 Wonders
Authors: Nagaseta Alicia , Soelistyo Liliek
Published: October 2021

As a modernized version of the folktale Jaka Tarub dan Tujuh Bidadari, 7 Wonders applies the view that women should perform the Javanese concept of three Ms: masak, macak, and manak to please men while also acting weak around them. However, in the story, Nawang Wulan’s actions do not indicate that she is weak. Instead, she can prove that she is a powerful woman who can construct her strategies to reach her goals. Thus, this study aims to discuss that the Nawang Wulan’s strategies are altering their looks, using her support, and acting as weak woman. Each of the strategy displays her power and freedom to use the Javanese concepts of three Ms to please Jaka Tarub. As a result, she can persuade the him to help her reach her goals, and thus proves that her strategies can be used to control the him.Keywords: Folktale, Girl Power, Men, Strategy, Women
Increasing the Brand Awareness of PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa’s Customers Through A Company Profile Video
Authors: Saverino Felix Octavius
Published: October 2021

PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa is located at Jl. Pattimura 104b, Kediri. As a tyre retreading company, the main product of PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa are both hot and cold retreading systems. Meanwhile, the company also offers a complete tyre sizing for each category of a vehicle from sedan, minibus, bus, truck, forklift, and also OTR (Off the Road). The company’s main problem is the intense competition between the competitors in the global retread tyre market, which causes PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa should increase brand awareness to the customers. Therefore, it is better to make a company profile video as a solution to overcome the company’s problem. To gain awareness from the potential customer, the company profile video will be distributed by using social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube. By having a company profile video, PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa can increase the brand awareness to the potential customers from all over Indonesia. Keywords: retreading company, tyre, awareness, company profile video, potential customers.
Increasing Brand Awareness of Keka Catering Through Social Media “Instagram”
Authors: Callista Kezia
Published: October 2021

This creative thesis to solve the problem that KeKa Catering has. KeKa Catering is different with the general catering which serve it daily and has same menu. However, KeKa Catering has different menu which are Banjarmasin’s foods and snacks. Their problem is there is still many people who do not recognize their brand or product. Even though KeKa Catering already has their promotional tool, which is Instagram, but they do not use it properly. That is why developing their Instagram account is the best way. It is because will cost less than marketing booklet and the other tools. There are 12 contents on their Instagram account. The customer of KeKa Catering is around 25 until 35 years old. That is why I use slang or internet word for the choice of language. With Instagram the target customers are broader, and many people will recognize easily.Keywords: brand awareness, catering, social media, Instagram
Increasing the Brand Awareness of SPELL ELC Using a Company Profile Video
Authors: Wicaksono Diora Valencia , Wijaya Henny Putri Saking
Published: October 2021

SPELL ELC (Special Programs for English Language & Literacy English Language and Communication) Sidoarjo was established in 2001. Three programs that SPELL ELC has: Academic English, Business English, and Children English. SPELL ELC’s competitor is EF (English First) Sidoarjo. SPELL ELC’s problem is lack of students outside Sidoarjo. Therefore, the best solution to solve this problem is to make a company profile video. A company profile video can reach the customers who live outside Sidoarjo. The solution was made following the theory of Rockman (2017) in order to deliver the information effectively. Survey and interview were conducted to get the USP. Dandy (2020) mentioned that the solution will give four benefits for the company. The benefits are: it helps the customers to know the company’s brand, it can cover the company’s shortcomings, it can be an effective promotional tool, and it can build good images for the company.              Keywords: company profile video, brand awareness, English course
Increasing the Brand Awareness of Surabaya’s Coffee Shops in Partnership with Maru Design
Authors: Citraningrum Laurencia
Published: October 2021

Maru Design is Surabaya branding agency for small to medium businesses. During author’s internship, Maru Design wanted a tool to help recognition of local coffee shops in Surabaya. The purpose is to raise brand awareness, so Maru Design get indirect promotion. The solution is creating a coffee shops guidebook consists of reviews by author and designed by Maru Design. Therefore, guidebook can be used to increase brand awareness of local coffee shops while promoting Maru Design. The author conduct an online questionnaire to 30 college students who are coffee shops' visitors and coffee drinkers. Then, observation of the shop and owner's interview to complete the guidebook.  Guidebook was made by applying theory of making guidebook by Noor (2018), coffee shop photography by Mike (2017), Writing by Cohen (2017) and Electronic book by Cepulskaite (2020). Through the finding, it is effective because it’s timeless aspect and easy access. Keywords: Brand awareness, Promotion, Guidebook, Coffee shops
Genetic Code Expansion Tools to Study Lysine Acylation
Authors: Neumann‐Staubitz Petra , Lammers Michael , Neumann Heinz
Published: October 2021

Lysine acylation is a ubiquitous protein modification that controls various aspects of protein function, such as the activity, localization, and stability of enzymes. Mass spectrometric identification of lysine acylations has witnessed tremendous improvements in sensitivity over the last decade, facilitating the discovery of thousands of lysine acylation sites in proteins involved in all essential cellular functions across organisms of all domains of life. However, the vast majority of currently known acylation sites are of unknown function. Semi‐synthetic methods for installing lysine derivatives are ideally suited for in vitro experiments, while genetic code expansion (GCE) allows the installation and study of such lysine modifications, especially their dynamic properties, in vivo. An overview of the current state of the art is provided, and its potential is illustrated with case studies from recent literature. These include the application of engineered enzymes and GCE to install lysine modifications or photoactivatable crosslinker amino acids. Their use in the context of central metabolism, bacterial and viral pathogenicity, the cytoskeleton and chromatin dynamics, is investigated.
Effect of Er2O3 on the Structure and Refinement Effect of Al–TiO2–C Refiner
Authors: Zhang Ruiying , Yang Shuai , Li Jinxuan , Yan Han , Sha Junhao
Published: October 2021

A new type of Al–TiO2–C–XEr2O3 aluminum alloy refiner is prepared by exothermic dispersion method, and the effect of different Er2O3 content on the structure and refinement effect of Al–TiO2–C refiner is studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and other methods. The results show that the refiners are composed of Al3Ti, TiC, Al2O3, Al20Ti2Er, and Al5O12Er3 phases. As the content of Er2O3 increases, the Al3Ti phase changes from flaky to massive. The amount of Al2O3 decreases, and the content of Al5Er3O12 increases and is dispersed in the matrix. When the content of Er2O3 in the refiner is 6%, the Al–5Cu alloy has the best refining effect. The grain size of the Al–5Cu alloy is refined from 500 to 180 μm, and the grain size can be reduced by 64%. At the same time, the tensile strength of Al–5Cu alloy is tested, and the results show that when the content of Er2O3 in the refiner is 6%, the tensile strength is the highest, which is 189.7 MPa. This is consistent with the theoretical results.
Environmentally Friendly Conductive Screen‐Printable Inks Based on N‐Doped Graphene and Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Authors: Franco Miguel , Motealleh Azadeh , Costa Carlos M. , Hilliou Loic , Perinka Nikola , Ribeiro Clarisse , Viana Júlio César , Costa Pedro , Lanceros-Mendez Senentxu
Published: October 2021

The development of polymer‐based conductive inks has gained increasing interest in the areas of printed and molded electronics. Graphene‐based materials are explored in this scope, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) being among the most used conductive filler components of the inks. Herein, rGO is doped with nitrogen to obtain N‐rGO; the replacement of oxygen atoms by nitrogen ones increases the electrical conductivity of graphene. Polymer‐based conductive inks reinforced with graphene are developed based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as polymer binder and dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) as solvent, leading thus to environmentally friendly conductive inks. Screen‐printable inks are optimized in terms of viscosity and adhesion properties, leading to printed films with sheet resistance close to Rs = 1 kΩ sq−1, the graphene:PVP inks being also biocompatible and nontoxic.
Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anode Stabilized by Dense and Anion‐Derived Passivation Layer Obtained from Concentrated Hybrid Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Olbasa Bizualem Wakuma , Huang Chen‐Jui , Fenta Fekadu Wubatu , Jiang Shi‐Kai , Chala Soressa Abera , Tao Hsien‐Chu , Nikodimos Yosef , Wang Chun‐Chieh , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Yang Yaw‐Wen , Ma Ting‐Li , Wu She‐Huang , Su Wei‐Nien , Dai Hongjie , Hwang Bing Joe
Published: October 2021

Zinc metal is considered a promising anode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries. However, it suffers from dendrite growth, corrosion, and low coulombic efficiency (CE) during plating/stripping. Herein, a concentrated hybrid (4 m Zn(CF3SO3)2 + 2 m LiClO4) aqueous electrolyte (CHAE) to overcome the challenges facing the Zn anode is reported. The developed electrolyte achieves dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping and obtains an excellent CE of ≈100%, surpassing the previously reported values. The combination of synchrotron‐based in operando transmission X‐ray microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicate that the denser, anion‐derived passivation layer formed using the CHAE facilitates homogeneous current distribution and better prevents freshly deposited Zn from directly contacting the electrolyte than the looser, solvent‐derived layers formed from a dilute hybrid aqueous electrolyte (DHAE). The beneficial effects of the CHAE on the compact, dense, and stable salt‐anion‐derived passivation layer can be attributed to its unique solvation structure, which suppresses the water‐related side reactions and widens the electrochemical potential window. In the hybrid Zn||LiFePO4 configuration, the CHAE‐based cell delivered a stable performance of CE >99% and capacity retention >90% after 285 cycles. In contrast, the DHAE‐based cell exhibits capacity retention of <65% after 170 cycles.
Brain‐Targeted Aggregation‐Induced‐Emission Nanoparticles with Near‐Infrared Imaging at 1550 nm Boosts Orthotopic Glioblastoma Theranostics
Authors: Wang Jiefei , Liu Yisheng , Morsch Marco , Lu Yiqing , Shangguan Ping , Han Lulu , Wang Zhongjie , Chen Xiaoyu , Song Chenhui , Liu Shunjie , Shi Bingyang , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2021

A remaining challenge in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is surmounting the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Such a challenge prevents the development of efficient theranostic approaches that combine reliable diagnosis with targeted therapy. In this study, brain‐targeted near‐infrared IIb (NIR‐IIb) aggregation‐induced‐emission (AIE) nanoparticles are developed via rational design, which involves twisting the planar molecular backbone with steric hindrance. The resulting nanoparticles can balance competing responsiveness demands for radiation‐mediated NIR fluorescence imaging at 1550 nm and non‐radiation NIR photothermal therapy (NIR‐PTT). The brain‐targeting peptide apolipoprotein E peptide (ApoE) is grafted onto these nanoparticles (termed as ApoE‐Ph NPs) to target glioma and promote efficient BBB traversal. A long imaging wavelength 1550 nm band‐pass filter is utilized to monitor the in vivo biodistribution and accumulation of the nanoparticles in a model of orthotopic glioma, which overcomes previous limitations in wavelength range and equipment. The results demonstrate that the ApoE‐Ph NPs have a higher PTT efficiency and significantly enhanced survival of mice bearing orthotopic GBM with moderate irradiation (0.5 W cm−2). Collectively, the work highlights the smart design of a brain‐targeted NIR‐II AIE theranostic approach that opens new diagnosis and treatment options in the photonic therapy of GBM.
Platinum Nanocrystal Assisted by Low‐Content Iridium for High‐Performance Flexible Electrode: Applications on Neural Interface, Water Oxidation, and Anti‐Microbial Contamination
Authors: Zeng Qi , Huang Zhaoling , Cai Guangyi , Wu Tianzhun
Published: October 2021

Despite high charge capacity, iridium oxide (IrOx) coating is susceptible to delamination under prolonged stimulation, restricting its long‐term application. Here, a flower‐shaped platinum (Pt) nanocrystal with intensive high‐surface area is developed as an intermediate layer for accumulating IrOx (<3 wt% Ir) with enhanced adhesion, showing a multiplier effect. The impedance of IrOx/Pt flower coated microelectrode at 1 kHz is down to ≈2 kΩ (reduction of 94.23%). The corresponding cathodic charge storage capacity (CSCc) and charge injection capacity (CIC) are increased up to 202.75 ± 2.18 and 6.53 ± 0.16 mC cm–2, respectively. IrOx layer adheres tightly to Pt nanocrystals, demonstrating robust chronic stability under continuous electrostimulation for 1 × 108 cycles. Besides, the as‐prepared coatings show good biosafety, and exhibit promising electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 0.5 m sulfuric acid (H2SO4), requiring a low overpotential of ≈150 mV to reach 10 mA cm–2. IrOx helps in reducing the Tafel slope of Pt flower from 162.9 to 41.1 mV dec–1 drastically, also with excellent durability after chronoamperometry test. Excellent antibacterial properties toward Escherichia coli are also observed. This coating strategy provides a functionalized flexible electrode for neural interface, water oxidation, and anti‐microbial contamination, which will moreover extend to numerous applications.
Electrooxidative Dearomatization to Spiroisoxazolines: Application to Total Synthesis of Xanthoisoxazoline B
Authors: Chen Dengfeng , He Tianyu , Jin Yongcan , Huang Shenlin
Published: October 2021

The synthesis of spiroisoxazoline molecules has been developed via anodic oxidative dearomatization of 4‐methoxybenzyl oximes. The reaction is thought to proceed through 5‐exo C−O bond‐forming cyclization of oxime radicals with arenes on the basis of cyclic voltammetry studies. Moreover, spiroisoxazolines can be built directly from readily available carbonyl tethered phenolics via an oximation/dearomatization cascade. Using this spiroisoxazolization as the key step, the first total synthesis of xanthoisoxazoline B has been achieved in three steps.

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Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Arylation of Alkynyl Cyclic Carbonates: Divergent Access to Substituted α‐Allenols and 1,3‐Butadienes
Authors: Sontakke Geetanjali S. , Shukla Rahul K. , Volla Chandra M. R.
Published: October 2021

Rh(I)‐catalyzed decarboxylative arylation of alkynyl cyclic carbonates using commercially available and low‐toxic aryl boronic acids has been disclosed. Depending on the nature of the cyclic carbonates, the methodology provides a straightforward platform to access either substituted 2,3‐allenols or 1,3‐butadiene derivatives. Internal alkynyl cyclic carbonates undergo monoarylation to conveniently afford 2,3‐allenols with high syn‐selectivity for the aryl and hydroxy groups. Whereas, terminal alkynyl carbonates led to the formation of diarylated 1,3‐butadiene derivatives having cis‐configuration for the two aryl groups via allenyl rhodium(I)alkoxide intermediate. The compatibility of various functional groups allowed to develop a library of diversely functionalized scaffolds with excellent regioselectivity in good yields. Late‐stage transformation of a series of natural products highlights the wide applicability of the arylation process. Additionally, scale‐up experiments and downstream transformations of α‐allenol derivatives into other valuable heterocycles illustrate the efficacy of the protocol.

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Biomimicking Bone–Implant Interface Facilitates the Bioadaption of a New Degradable Magnesium Alloy to the Bone Tissue Microenvironment
Authors: Li Wenting , Qiao Wei , Liu Xiao , Bian Dong , Shen Danni , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Jun , Kwan Kenny Y. H. , Wong Tak Man , Cheung Kenneth M. C. , Yeung Kelvin W. K.
Published: October 2021

The most critical factor determining the success of biodegradable bone implants is the host tissue response, which greatly depends on their degradation behaviors. Here, a new magnesium‐based implant, namely magnesium–silicon–calcium (Mg–0.2Si–1.0Ca) alloy, that coordinates its biodegradation along with the bone regenerative process via a self‐assembled, multilayered bone–implant interface is designed. At first, its rapid biocorrosion contributes to a burst release of Mg2+, leading to a pro‐osteogenic immune microenvironment in bone. Meanwhile, with the simultaneous intervention of Ca and Si in the secondary phases of the new alloy, a hierarchical layered calcified matrix is rapidly formed at the degrading interface that favored the subsequent bone mineralization. In contrast, pure Mg or Mg–0.2Si alloy without the development of this interface at the beginning will unavoidably induce detrimental bone loss. Hence, it is believed this biomimicking interface justifies its bioadaptability in which it can modulate its degradation in vivo and accelerate bone mineralization.
Super‐Flexible Freestanding BiMnO3 Membranes with Stable Ferroelectricity and Ferromagnetism
Authors: Jin Cai , Zhu Yuanmin , Li Xiaowen , An Feng , Han Wenqiao , Liu Qi , Hu Sixia , Ji Yanjiang , Xu Zedong , Hu Songbai , Ye Mao , Zhong Gaokuo , Gu Meng , Chen Lang
Published: October 2021

Multiferroic materials with flexibility are expected to make great contributions to flexible electronic applications, such as sensors, memories, and wearable devices. In this work, super‐flexible freestanding BiMnO3 membranes with simultaneous ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism are synthesized using water‐soluble Sr3Al2O6 as the sacrificial buffer layer. The super‐flexibility of BiMnO3 membranes is demonstrated by undergoing an ≈180° folding during an in situ bending test, which is consistent with the results of first‐principles calculations. The piezoelectric signal under a bending radius of ≈500 µm confirms the stable existence of electric polarization in freestanding BiMnO3 membranes. Moreover, the stable ferromagnetism of freestanding BiMnO3 membranes is demonstrated after 100 times bending cycles with a bending radius of ≈2 mm. 5.1% uniaxial tensile strain is achieved in freestanding BiMnO3 membranes, and the piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) phase retention behaviors confirm that the ferroelectricity of membranes can survive stably up to the strain of 1.7%. These super‐flexible membranes with stable ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism pave ways to the realizations of multifunctional flexible electronics.
Dynamic Monitoring of Systemic Biomarkers with Gastric Sensors
Authors: Steiger Christoph , Phan Nhi V. , Huang Hen‐Wei , Sun Haoying , Chu Jacqueline N. , Reker Daniel , Gwynne Declan , Collins Joy , Tamang Siddartha , McManus Rebecca , Lopes Aaron , Hayward Alison , Baron Rebecca M. , Kim Edy Y. , Traverso Giovanni
Published: October 2021

Continuous monitoring in the intensive care setting has transformed the capacity to rapidly respond with interventions for patients in extremis. Noninvasive monitoring has generally been limited to transdermal or intravascular systems coupled to transducers including oxygen saturation or pressure. Here it is hypothesized that gastric fluid (GF) and gases, accessible through nasogastric (NG) tubes, commonly found in intensive care settings, can provide continuous access to a broad range of biomarkers. A broad characterization of biomarkers in swine GF coupled to time‐matched serum is conducted . The relationship and kinetics of GF‐derived analyte level dynamics is established by correlating these to serum levels in an acute renal failure and an inducible stress model performed in swine. The ability to monitor ketone levels and an inhaled anaesthetic agent (isoflurane) in vivo is demonstrated with novel NG‐compatible sensor systems in swine. Gastric access remains a main stay in the care of the critically ill patient, and here the potential is established to harness this establishes route for analyte evaluation for clinical management.
Wearable Sweat Loss Measuring Devices: From the Role of Sweat Loss to Advanced Mechanisms and Designs
Authors: Zhong Bowen , Jiang Kai , Wang Lili , Shen Guozhen
Published: October 2021

Wearable sweat sensors have received significant research interest and have become popular as sweat contains considerable health information about physiological and psychological states. However, measured biomarker concentrations vary with sweat rates, which has a significant effect on the accuracy and reliability of sweat biosensors. Wearable sweat loss measuring devices (SLMDs) have recently been proposed to overcome the limitations of biomarker tracking and reduce inter‐ and intraindividual variability. In addition, they offer substantial potential for monitoring human body homeostasis, because sweat loss plays an indispensable role in thermoregulation and skin hydration. Previous studies have not carried out a comprehensive and systematic review of the principles, importance, and development of wearable SLMDs. This paper reviews wearable SLMDs with a new health perspective from the role of sweat loss to advanced mechanisms and designs. Two types of sweat and their measurement significance for practical applications are highlighted. Then, a comprehensive review of advances in different wearable SLMDs based on hygrometers, absorbent materials, and microfluidics is presented by describing their respective device architectures, present situations, and future directions. Finally, concluding remarks on opportunities for future application fields and challenges for future sweat sensing are presented.
Convergent tip‐to‐base widening of water‐conducting conduits in the tallest bryophytes
Authors: Bok Erin C. P. M. , Brodribb Timothy J. , Jordan Gregory J. , Carriquí Marc
Published: October 2021

Premise

Tip‐to‐base conduit widening is considered a key mechanism that enables vascular plants to grow tall by decreasing the hydraulic resistance imposed by increasing height. Widening of hydraulic anatomy (larger conducting elements toward the base of the vascular system) minimizes gradients in leaf‐specific hydraulic conductance with plant height, allowing uniform photosynthesis across the crown of trees. Tip‐to‐base conduit widening has also been associated with changes in conduit number. However, in bryophytes, despite having representatives with internal water‐conducting tissue, conduit widening has been scarcely investigated.

Methods

Here, we examined the changes in hydroid diameter and number with distance from plant tip in Dawsonia superba and D. polytrichoides, two representatives of the genus containing the tallest extant bryophytes.

Results

The position of these moss species on the global scale of conduit size and plant size was consistent with a general scaling among plants with internal water transport. Within plants, patterns of conduit widening and number with distance from plant tip in endohydric mosses were similar to those observed in vascular plants.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that land plants growing upward in the atmosphere show analogous conduit widening of hydraulic structures, suggesting that efficient internal water transport is a convergent adaptation for photosynthesis on land.
Josephson and Persistent Currents in a Quantum Ring between Topological Superconductors
Authors: Medina Fabián , Ramos‐Andrade Juan Pablo , Rosales Luis , Orellana Pedro
Published: October 2021

In this work, the spectra in an Aharonov–Bohm quantum‐ring interferometer forming a Josephson junction between two topological superconductor (TSC) nanowires are investigated. The TSCs host Majorana bound states at their edges, and both the magnetic flux and the superconducting phase difference between the TSCs are used as control parameters. A tight‐binding approach is used to model the quantum ring coupled to both TSCs, described by the Kitaev effective Hamiltonian. The problem is solved by means of exact numerical diagonalization of the Bogoliubov‐de Gennes Hamiltonian and obtain the spectra for two sizes of the quantum ring as a function of the magnetic flux and the phase difference between the TSCs. Depending on the size of the quantum ring and the coupling, the spectra display several patterns. Those are denoted as line, point, and undulated nodes, together with flat bands, which are topologically protected. The first three patterns can be possibly detected by means of persistent and Josephson currents. Hence, the results could be useful to understand the spectra and their relation with the behavior of the current signals.
Allosterische, Wirkstoff‐zugängliche Bindestellen in β‐Propeller‐Lektinen
Authors: Shanina Elena , Kuhaudomlarp Sakonwan , Lal Kanhaya , Seeberger Peter H. , Imberty Anne , Rademacher Christoph
Published: October 2021

Lektine sind vielversprechende Zielproteine bei der Entdeckung von Wirkstoffen zur Bekämpfung antibiotikaresistenter Keime. Noch sind aber keine nicht‐kohlenhydratbasierten Therapeutika gegen diese Proteinklasse entwickelt worden. Hier präsentieren wir eine Wirkstoff‐zugängliche Bindestelle im β‐Propeller‐Lektin BambL aus Burkholderia ambifaria als mögliches Ziel für allosterische Wirkstoffentwicklung. Diese Bindestelle wurde durch 19F‐NMR‐basiertes Fragmentscreening und einen Computer‐gestützten Algorithmus zur Vorhersage von Bindetaschen (SiteMap) identifiziert. Die Untersuchung der Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehungen von Morpholinderivaten resultierte in einem vielversprechenden Fragment mit einer Dissoziationskonstante von 0,3±0,1 mM und einer Ligandeneffizienz von 0,3 kcal mol−1 HA−1, das ebenfalls die orthosterische Bindestelle moduliert. Dieser Effekt wurde durch Mutagenese‐Studien in den orthosterischen und sekundären Bindestellen nachgewiesen. Diese Entdeckung könnte die Entwicklung von Wirkstoffen gegen Lektine beschleunigen und als neuer therapeutischer Ansatz gegen antibiotikaresistente Erreger dienen.
Druggable Allosteric Sites in β‐Propeller Lectins
Authors: Shanina Elena , Kuhaudomlarp Sakonwan , Lal Kanhaya , Seeberger Peter H. , Imberty Anne , Rademacher Christoph
Published: October 2021

Carbohydrate‐binding proteins (lectins) are auspicious targets in drug discovery to combat antimicrobial resistance; however, their non‐carbohydrate drug‐like inhibitors are still unavailable. Here, we present a druggable pocket in a β‐propeller lectin BambL from Burkholderia ambifaria as a potential target for allosteric inhibitors. This site was identified employing 19F NMR fragment screening and a computational pocket prediction algorithm SiteMap. The structure–activity relationship study revealed the most promising fragment with a dissociation constant of 0.3±0.1 mM and a ligand efficiency of 0.3 kcal mol−1 HA−1 that affected the orthosteric site. This effect was substantiated by site‐directed mutagenesis in the orthosteric and secondary pockets. Future drug‐discovery campaigns that aim to develop small molecule inhibitors can benefit from allosteric sites in lectins as a new therapeutic approach against antibiotic‐resistant pathogens.
Site‐Selective Installation of Nϵ‐Modified Sidechains into Peptide and Protein Scaffolds via Visible‐Light‐Mediated Desulfurative C–C Bond Formation
Authors: Griffiths Rhys C. , Smith Frances R. , Long Jed E. , Scott Daniel , Williams Huw E. L. , Oldham Neil J. , Layfield Robert , Mitchell Nicholas J.
Published: October 2021

Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) enhance the repertoire of protein function and mediate or influence the activity of many cellular processes. The preparation of site‐specifically and homogeneously modified proteins, to apply as tools to understand the biological role of PTMs, is a challenging task. Herein, we describe a visible‐light‐mediated desulfurative C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond forming reaction that enables the site‐selective installation of Nϵ‐modified sidechains into peptides and proteins of interest. Rapid, operationally simple, and tolerant to ambient atmosphere, we demonstrate the installation of a range of lysine (Lys) PTMs into model peptide systems and showcase the potential of this technology by site‐selectively installing an NϵAc sidechain into recombinantly expressed ubiquitin (Ub).
Synthesis and properties of borane‐containing ionic liquids based on biferrocene
Authors: Liu Wei‐Ming , Zhou Cheng‐Sheng , Lin Cai‐Xia , Yan Jian‐Feng , Yuan Yao‐Feng
Published: October 2021

To develop a new type of energetic ionic liquid (EIL) that has a catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and can be ignited in white fuming nitric acid (WFNA), six borane‐containing ionic liquids based on biferrocene were successfully synthesized, and their structures were determined by x‐ray crystallography. Except for iodized salts, four EILs with high thermal stability burned rapidly in WFNA, one of which, bis[1‐(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazole‐3‐yl] dihydroboronium cyanoborohydride, [Fcmim][BH3CN], produced the shortest ignition delay (ID) time of 5 ms. However, iodized salts demonstrated a better catalytic effect on AP than did BH3CN−‐ or N(CN)2−‐based EILs and bis[1‐(ferrocenylmethyl)benzimidazole‐3‐yl] dihydroboronium iodide, [Fcbemim][I], could advance the final thermal decomposition temperature of AP by 50°C. Anions have a significant effect on the structures and performances of ionic liquids.
Electrochemical comparative study of Ti/Ta2O5/Pt‐RuO2‐IrO2 and Ti/Ta2O5/Pt anodes: Stability, service lifetime, and electrooxidation performance
Authors: Appia Foffié Thiery Auguste , Pohan Lemeyonouin Aliou Guillaume , Berté Mohamed , Ouattara Lassiné
Published: October 2021

This work aimed to compare the stability, service lifetime, and electrooxidation performance of Ti/Ta2O5/Pt‐RuO2‐IrO2 (PRI) and Ti/Ta2O5/Pt (Pt) electrodes thermally prepared. The service lifetime study performed under 410 mA/cm2 in a 9N H2SO4 showed that PRI electrode had six (06) times longer lifetime than the Pt electrode. Bulk electrolysis experiments were carried out on Pt and PRI under 20 mA/cm2. COD removal, current efficiency (CE), specific energy consumption (SEC), electrical energy cost, and anode efficiency (
) were estimated. Both electrodes lead to the conversion of the parent compounds. However, the Pt electrode was best suited for amoxicillin (AMX) electrooxidation with 36.89% by COD removal in KClO4 0.1 M. Besides, the PRI electrode provided the best performances for the AMX electrooxidation (8.15%) and telebrix (TLX) (29.28%) in HClO4 0.1 M and KClO4 0.1 M, respectively. The presence of NaCl enhanced significantly the organic compound electrooxidation in terms of COD removal, CE, SEC, electrical energy cost, and
on the both electrodes. This is probably because of the co‐action of direct and indirect (by active chlorine) oxidations. But the PRI electrode presented the best performance in the presence of chloride ions. In summary, the experimental conditions can determine the performance of an anode.