bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kekuatan Hukum Digital Signature Sebagai Alat Bukti Yang Sah Di Tinjau Dari Hukum Acara Perdata
Authors: Sulaiman Eman , Arifudin Nur , Triyana Lily
Published: August 2022

Indonesia memasuki era globalisasi yang mendorong perkembangan teknologi dan kegiatan usaha para pelaku bisnis ke arah yang lebih efektif dan efesien yaitu e-commerce. Dalam perkembanganya, penggunaan Digital Signature mulai menggeser keberadaan tanda tangan konvesional yang biasa digunakan dalam perjanjian diatas media kertas. Penggunaan Digital signature dalam perdagangan elektronik untuk menjaga keutuhan dan keaslian data dalam suatu dokumen elektronik. Kegiatan perdagangan yang menggunakan media elektronik sebagai alat bukti di dalam sistem pembuktian di Indonesia masih terdapat kekurangan dalam proses pengadilan di Indonesia. Menurut sistem HIR/RGB (hukum acara yang berlaku) dalam acara perdata, hakim terikat pada alat-alat bukti yang sah, yang berarti hakim hanya boleh mengambil keputusan berdasarkan alat-alat bukti yang di tentukan oleh undang-undang saja (HIR/RGB).Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal, yaitu penelitian hukum menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep dengan menggunakan sumber data dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier dengan metode pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber bacaan, seperti perundang-undangan, buku-buku, jurnal atau karya ilmiah, serta internet yang dinilai relevan dengan permasalahan yang dibahas.Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Digital Signature bukan lah tanda tangan konvensional yang kemudian discan menggunakan scaner, melaikan menggunakan teknik Kripography. Adanya asas lex specialis derogate lex generalis maka penggunaan alat bukti Digital Signature dalam Hukum Acara Perdata memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan akta otentik. Kata Kunci: Tanda Tangan, Digital, Alat Bukti.
Pencabutan Hak Politik Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Dina Fajar Indah  , Haris Retno Susmiyati  , Rini Apriyani
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

The judge took the progressive step. This step strongly supports the prevention and eradication of Corruption Crimes. However, in implementing the revocation of rights, the time limit for revocation must be explicitly given for the right to vote. This study aims to find out additional crimes in the form of revocation of rights to choose and be elected to public office if reviewed from the perspective of criminal law and to find out the compatibility between the decisions of the Supreme Court judge Number 537K / Pid.Sus / 2014 with human rights principles. This study uses doctrinal types. Namely, the authors collect material from the literature. These are hardcopy and softcopy that relate to the title of this study and by using an analysis of the object of research. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1). Revocation of the right to choose and be chosen should be based on the crime rate, the impact caused to society, and the position of the position while doing the crime of corruption. Revocation of certain rights must be determined by a judge’s decision, and there is a time limit for revocation according to what has been stipulated in article 38 Criminal Code. However, Article 38 of the Criminal Code does not regulate specifically related time constraints for the removal of the right to vote and elected in public office. 2). Revocation of the right to be elected in public office complies with the principles of human rights. It can be said to be included in the category of degradable rights, or rights can be restricted. While the revocation of the right to vote who are not given the time constraints and repeal incompatible with the principles of human rights. Because the right to vote is a fundamental right of every citizen, who has been guaranteed by the constitution of 1945, besides, the time limit for the removal of the right to vote still needed due to respect of human rights offender criminal acts of corruption but to provide justice for victims of crime over the extraordinary crime then the period of revocation may be given more long, judging from the level of crimes committed.Keywords: rights; Human Rights; Revocation; Criminal; Corruption
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Perdagangan Telur Penyu
Authors: Tarigan Apridyanita Pratiwi , La Syarifuddin  , Agustina Wati
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

This study discusses a law enforcement against the trade of sea turtle eggs in Samarinda. Sea turtles emerge as part of endemic animals in Indonesia in which their existence is almost extinct based on the Government Regulation, Number 7 Year 1999. This study employed a socio-legal (socio-legal research/law in contex) approach, namely a case study on empirical legal research in the form of community legal behavior. The existence of the trade of sea turtle eggs in Samarinda can still be encountered in the area located on Jl. Pangeran Antasari. The results of this study indicated that the legal protection on the sea turtle population, due to the rampant trade of sea turtle eggs in Samarinda, was not completely carried out. It is shown by the fact that the turtle egg trade in Samarinda still exists. Additionally, the law enforcement against the perpetrators of the turtle egg trade is not optimally implemented in which it is proven by the fact that the court merely imposes a light sanction and does not perceive ecological aspects.

 

Keywords: Enforcement, Protection, Trade, Sea Turtle Eggs
Problematika Penanganan Pengungsi di Indonesia Dari Perspektif Hukum Pengungsi Internasional
Authors: Primadasa Cipta Primadasa , Mahendra Putra Kurnia  , Rika Erawaty
Published: August 2022

A refugee is a person who, due to a well-founded fear of persecution, for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group and membership of a particular political party, is outside his country of nationality and does not want protection from that country. The refugees, seeking protection in countries that have ratified the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol or what is often referred to as a third country. This study describes and examines issues, first, regarding the handling of refugee flows in Indonesia according to the perspective of International Refugee Law. Second, Regarding the legal consequences when Indonesia did not ratify the 1951 Refugee Convention agreement and the 1967 Refugee Protocol regarding the status of Refugees to international Refugee law. This study is a descriptive doctrinal legal research. The source used is primary legal material consisting of legal products such as the 1945 Constitution, Laws, International Treaties and other Regulations relevant to Refugee Handling activities. The results of the research show that first, the action of handling refugees in Indonesia from the perspective of international refugee law has been able to realize some of the most important principles of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 protocol on refugee status that is not refoulment, non-expulsion, no differentiate (non discrimination) and also do not commit criminal offenses for refugees who enter Indonesian territory. Secondly, Indonesia as a transit country for asylum seekers and refugees experiences a buildup of refugee flows due to the process of granting an uncertain status of time from UNHCR and moreover, a third country limits the acceptance of refugees. Indonesia did not ratify the 1951 convention and the 1967 protocol and therefore Indonesia did not have the authority to grant refugee status because the granting of status was in the hands of the UNHCR, this was a legal consequence and consequences carried by Indonesia when it did not ratify the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol.

Keywords:  Conventions; Refugees; Indonesia Law.
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Terhadap Tindakan Agen Diplomatik Dari Negara Pengirim Yang Melakukan Spionase Di Negara Penerima
Authors: Ahmad Sandy Dewana  , Akbar Kurnia Putra
Published: August 2022

Abuse of authority by diplomatic officials from member countries of the 1961 Vienna Convention for personal gain or certain groups is still common. This situation is undoubtedly contrary to their duties and functions as representatives of their country. The formulation of the problem raised is how to form a legal settlement based on the 1961 Vienna Convention and the Optional Protocol concerning the Requirement to Settle Disputes. The research method used is a normative juridical type with a Legislative, Conceptual, and Case approach. The primary legal materials used are the Vienna Convention On Diplomatic Relations April 18, 1961, and the Optional Protocol Concerning the Compulsory Settlement Of Disputes Of Vienna Convention On Diplomatic Relations; Meanwhile, the secondary legal materials used are books, research journals, research reports, various scientific works, articles and various other sources that can support primary legal materials; Tertiary legal materials consist of dictionaries, internet, and so on that can support primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that apart from Persona non-Grata, there are other ways to impose sanctions on diplomatic agents who abuse their authority, in this case, espionage activities.

Keywords: Diplomatic Agent; Espionage; Sending State
Pendekatan Problem Solving Bhabinkamtibmas Dalam Pembinaan Keamanan Dan Ketertiban Masyarakat Di Desa Bunder Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Wahid Abdul Wahid , Galih Rinenda Putra
Published: August 2022

Forms of law violations that often occur are minor persecution, fights, and others. Violations of these laws can cause conflicts and disturbances for others and can lead to clashes between groups. This type of research is qualitative research, using a field research approach, producing descriptive data in the form of the Bhabinkamtibmas Problem Solving Approach in Community Security and Order Development. The purpose of this study was to determine the problem-solving approach of Bhabinkamtibmas in fostering security and public order in Bunder Village, Susukan District, Cirebon Regency. The results of this study are that Bhabinkamtibmas supervises the settlement of criminal acts of persecution through penal mediation at the Susukan Police Station and provides a place for the litigants to negotiate to obtain a peace agreement. The settlement of criminal acts of persecution through penal mediation at the Susukan Police, Cirebon Regency can only be done once. Perpetrators of criminal acts of persecution whose cases have been resolved by penal mediation and if they repeat the crime will be processed according to the applicable laws and regulations until the judicial stage, provided that investigators attach evidence of a statement made by the perpetrator of the crime.

 

Keywords:  Approach; Problem Solving; Bhabinkamtibmas
Restitusi Sebagai Wujud Pemenuhan Hak Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual di Indonesia
Authors: Novita Apriyani Maria
Published: August 2022

Sexual violence cases are rife in our environment. The current Criminal Code (KUHP) only focuses on punishing the perpetrators and has not considered the best legal remedies for victims of sexual violence. This study aims to determine the implementation of restitution to fulfill the rights of victims of sexual violence crime. This research is an empirical study by looking at the implementation of restitution of the laws and regulations run by the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK). The results of this study indicate that the victim's application for restitution can be submitted through the LPSK along with the criminal process, even starting from the beginning of the investigation. The challenges faced by LPSK as an institution that facilitates restit ution for victims of sexual violence include. The a limited number of psychologistsin some areas. Lack of support from the community. The fulfillment of restitution rights that have not been implemented effectively. The obstacle experienced by law enforce ment officers in implementing restitution for victims of sexual violence is that there has not been a coercive effort for perpetrators of sexual violence to pay restitution decided in court.

 

Keywords : Implementation; Restitution; Victim; Sexual Violence
Kewenangan PTUN dalam Memeriksa Surat Presiden tentang RUU Cipta Kerja dan Implikasi Putusannya
Authors: Pratama Surya Mukti , Rompis Adrian E. , Nurzaman R. Adi
Published: August 2022

For the first time, the President's Letter in the formation of law was sued by the Administrative Court. This study is intended to determine the authority of the Administrative Court in examining the President's Letter on the Job Creation Bill. The research method uses a normative juridical method using a law approach and a case approach. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the Administrative Court lacks absolute authority to investigate the Presidential Letter on the Job Creation Bill because the Presidential Letter does not meet the requirements specified in the law to qualify as the object of the TUN dispute, namely the state administrative decision (KTUN)/Beschikking. It can also be seen, that even if the decision of the Administrative Court or the court of appeal and cassation within the framework of Judicial Activism accepts and grants the lawsuit of the President's Letter regarding the Job Creation Bill, the decision cannot have direct implications for the invalidity of the validity/legitimacy of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation because the cancellation of the validity/legitimacy of a law is not under the authority of the Administrative Court, the PT-TUN includes the Supreme Court, but the authority of the Constitutional Court through material and formal examinations. The Job Creaton Act is still regarded as legal and binding if the Constitutional Court does not invalidate it.

Keywords: Administratif Court; authority; examine; presidential letter.
Sanksi Kepada Amerika Serikat Atas Tindakan Unilateralnya Terhadap Suriah Dengan Alasan Penggunaan Senjata Kimia
Authors: Mutiara  , Mahendra Putra Kurnia  , Rika Erawaty
Published: August 2022

Amerika Serikat, Inggris dan juga Perancis melakukan tindakan unilateral berupa menembakkan rudal ke negara Suriah dengan alasan penggunaan senjata kimia yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Suriah terhadap rakyatnya sendiri. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah tindakan yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Serikat tersebut merupakan suatu pelanggaran bagi hukum humaniter internasional dan bagaimana sanksi yang akan didapat oleh Amerika Serikat, Inggris dan juga Perancis jika perbuatan tersebut telah melanggar hukum humaniter internasional. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa Sanksi Amerika Serikat atas tindakan unilateralnya terhadap Suriah dengan alasan penggunaan senjata kimia. Bahwa dalam hal tersebut Amerika Serikat melakukan tindakan sepihak kepada Suriah karna dugaan penggunaan senjata kimia yang dilakukan oleh Suriah yang hingga saat ini masih belum mendapatkan bukti yang kuat terkait kebenaran tersebut. Oleh karena itu Amerika Serikat telah melanggar ketentuan hukum internasional yaitu Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), atas perbuatannya Amerika Serikat, Inggris dan Perancis harus bertanggungjawab sesuai prosedur dari Dewan Keamanan PBB dan diberikan sanksi sesuai Piagam PBB.

Keywords: unilateral action, chemical weapon, international law
Konsep Cyber Attack, Cyber Crime, Dan Cyber Warfare Dalam Aspek Hukum Internasional
Authors: Suharto Miko Aditiya , Maria Novita Apriyani
Published: August 2022

The movement of human activities initially carried out conventionally turned into digital. This phenomenon also applies to the flow of information traffic. Information that was previously disseminated conventionally has become digitalized. Once the exchange of information and activities on the Internet is so widespread, it is as if the Internet is a world of its own with no boundaries. As a new dimension like land, sea, air, and space, Cyber space also has many problems related to the misuse of computer and internet technology for purposes that deviate from legal norms to the detriment of other parties. The implications of Cyber attacks have destructive properties such as changing, disrupting, closing access, reducing performance, or damaging computer files, computer networks, or the computer itself when associated with the rights of someone in the use of computer technology. This study uses normative research using a conceptual approach, a comparative approach, and a statutory approach. The results of this study are that the concepts and elements of cyber attack, cyber crime, and cyber warfare have differences. Cyberattack is a method used to carry out attacks using computer technology and the Internet. Cyber crime is a form of crime committed by utilizing computer and internet technology in carrying out crimes. Meanwhile, cyber warfare is a form of cyber operations (cyber operations) in an attack or defense, which is carried out to cause injury or death to people or damage or destruction of the target object or target operation.
Efektifitas Pengelolaan Retribusi Pasar Sebagai Sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah Dan Upaya Penanggulangan Penyimpangan
Authors: Simangunsong Frans , Hervina Puspitosari
Published: August 2022

Developments organized by these regions are regional in nature, as a realization of development planning in accordance with development priorities at the regional level as part of the implementation of autonomous government decentralization. In order to support the implementation of economic development goals in the regions, local governments are required to have the ability to meet the needs of these regional expenditures, namely by optimizing local revenue (PAD). is the establishment of a retribution policy through an accountable collection system with the use of information technology so that it is easily controlled and supervised by all parties and transparent that can be accountable to the public through the application of a book system that can be monitored by all parties, providing strict sanctions in accordance with the laws and regulations. applicable regulations as well as applicable regional regulations related to taxes and levies in order to provide a deterrent effect for those who abuse their authority. The need for supervision of officers in the field. Local governments that do not yet have electronic-based retribution services need to immediately prepare electronic services in collecting market retributions through e levies in the context of efficient, transparent and accountable management of market retributions. Increased supervision of the Regional Government in the management of user fees so that it is optimal in providing income for Regional Original Income and the realization of a prosperous society and good governance

Keywords: market levy, locally-generated income, deviation countermeasures
Pemisahan Penyelenggaraan Pemilu Serentak Tingkat Nasional dan Daerah
Authors: Asriana Sri , Rosmini  , Ventyrina Ine
Published: August 2022

General election regulations simultaneously raise problems at the level of implementation, because they are considered not to show effectiveness and efficiency in the implementation of general elections in accordance with the purpose of the establishment of these regulations. Therefore, the implementation of the general election regulations simultaneously needs to be reviewed based on the initial objective of issuing the Constitutional Court Decision Number 14/PUU-XI/2013 concerning Simultaneous General Elections, and refers to the implementation of simultaneous general elections in 2019. The research method used in This research is doctrinal, which contains a normative character. There are implications for the implementation of simultaneous elections, it is necessary to construct a law to separate general elections simultaneously at the national and regional levels in 2024 with the implementation of two elections within five years, making it easier for voters to cast their votes, easing the burden on organizers, and optimizing the campaigns of political parties and candidates in the regions. The results of the national elections strengthen the presidential system at the national level, while the results of the regional elections will strengthen local government.

Keywords: Election, Simultaneous, Formulation
Perbedaan Penerapan Pendekaran Per se Illegal dan Rule of Reason dalam Putusan KPPU tentang Kartel Penetapan Harga
Authors: Aryadiputra Dimas , Slamet Pribadi Deny , Subroto Aryo
Published: August 2022

The emergence of an economic impact analysis in the decision of the price fixing cartel case in Article 5 of the UULPM which should use the approach in that article is Per se Illegal, including Decision No. 08/KPPU-L/2018, Decision No. 04/KPPI-I/2016, Decision No. 32/KPPU-L/2008, Decision No. 26/KPPU-L/2007, and Decision No. 02/KPPU-I/2003 by analyzing the use of a single Per se Illegal approach in the decision of the price fixing cartel case in ensuring legal certainty. The approach in this study uses doctrinal research. From the results of the analysis of the decision related to the price fixing cartel in the consideration of the commission assembly, it has been found in the form of economic evidence/economic analysis which is a characteristic of the Rule of Reason approach to the reasons for the emergence of the economic analysis not being explained explicitly and clearly by the commission assembly, regarding the assessment that can be made. carried out by the KPPU regarding the agreement in Article 5 of the UULPM, economic evidence may appear if the requirement to prove the agreement is difficult to find. Legal considerations using the Per se Illegal approach as the sole approach in the KPPU's decision related to price fixing cartels in ensuring legal certainty, this has been in line with what is positively regulated in Article 5 of the UULPM wherein the provision contains the phrase "prohibited" on behavior and the resulting impact. must be wrong or illegal so that it does not need further analysis.

Keywords: per se illegal; rule of reason; price fixing cartel
Perbandingan Konstitusional Pengaturan Impeachment Presiden Antara Indonesia Dengan Jerman
Authors: Anindia Adella , Rosmini  , Poppilea Erwinta
Published: August 2022

The impeachment system in Germany is implemented slightly differently from that applied in Indonesia. The impeachment system in Germany is executed by the Constitutional Court whose decision is final, which means that it does not receive a 2/3 proposal from the Bundestag and the Bundestraat regarding the dismissal of the President and Vice President as in Indonesia. The regulation of the impeachment system in a country needs to be studied by involving a comparison country to find out whether the impeachment system in a country runs optimally and ideally. Comparison of Impeachment between Indonesia and Germany, The mechanism for dismissing the president as regulated in the constitution is an affirmation that the Republic of Indonesia is a state of law, this is a step forward in a constitutional perspective so that impeachment of the president based on non-juridical factors alone does not happen again in the future. dismissal of the president as regulated in the 1945 Constitution, because in the impeachment mechanism, the decision of the Constitutional Court confirming the opinion of the DPR is not binding.

Keywords: president impeachment; constitutional law; comparative law.
Penerapan Asas The Binding Persuasive of Precedent Terhadap Pidana Di Bawah Ketentuan Minimum Khusus Dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Hakim Dayang Debby Aulia , Ivan Zairani Lisi  , Orin Gusta Andini
Published: August 2022

Narcotics crimes include crimes outside the Criminal Code which are regulated in the Narcotics Law Number 35 of 2009 and therein regulates special minimum sentence provisions. The approach used is a doctrinal approach with the aim of knowing two main points of discussion: First, the author wants to know and understand the punishment for narcotics crimes that are criminalized under a special minimum sentence. Second, the author wants to know the implementation of the binding persuasive principle of precedent in the judge's consideration in deciding narcotics crime cases under a special minimum sentence. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the punishment of narcotics crimes that are sentenced under the special minimum provisions are not in accordance with the special minimum sentence provisions in the Narcotics Law, causing legal uncertainty. Then legal certainty and the principle of the binding persuasive of precedent cannot be applied because the judge uses his freedom in imposing a sentence by imposing a sentence under a special minimum provision.

Keywords: the binding persuasive of precedent principle; judge’s consideration; minimum sentence.
Stormwater Drainage Design (Case Study: UTHM Campus)
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Ibrahim Rabiatul Najwa
Published: August 2022

The impervious surface has risen as a result of development is growing rapidly. Impervious surfaces are considered to have poor water permeability as the surface prevents water from penetrating it which can lead to increased surface runoff. The rise of surface runoff at impervious area such as paved road and parking area will be far more severe especially when there is no existing drain nearby at Jalan Kolej in UTHM Campus. Along with the condition of road chambers that have slope to drain surface runoff to the road shoulder also may increase the surface runoff drastically in that area as the water will accumulate more due to slow infiltration rate. Therefore, the objective of this case study is to determine runoff problem at impervious area that may cause flash flood as well as to propose a good design for new storm water drainage. In this study, the rational method and Manning's equation were applied. Rational method was used to determine the peak runoff in the study area and Manning's equation was used to ensure that the stormwater drainage designed were able to accommodate peak surface runoff. As a result, it was discovered that the poor infiltration rate in the study area was also a contributing factor to increasing impervious surface runoff. The lowest infiltration rate discovered in UTHM Campus was 9.78 mm/hr. In order to decreased surface runoff on impervious surfaces while minimising the risk of flash floods, the designed stormwater drain should be able to accommodate peak flow. The peak discharge at the study area was at sub-catchment 3 with 1.723 m³/s while the designed stormwater drainage capacity was 4.119 m3/s. By doing this study, runoff problems were identified and a stormwater drain was developed to mitigate the problem in the study area.
SCAPE ROOM COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE SENSIBILIZAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO SOBRE PREVENÇÃO DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO
Authors: Ramalho Aline Oliveira , Camargo Julia Drummond de , Mazócoli Eliane , Barbosa Claudia Matias Rentes , Prado Nilda Rosa Oliveira , Marin Alessandra
Published: August 2022

Objetivo:Relatar a experiência da utilização de sala de escape como estratégia educacional e de sensibilização para prevenção de lesão por pressão no contexto hospitalar. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência decorrente de atividade desenvolvida em novembro de 2021, com profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de um hospital filantrópico de grande porte localizado na região metropolitana de São Paulo (SP), Brasil. Resultados: Realizou-se o jogo como estratégia educacional associado a outras iniciativas sobre a temática, durante a campanha anual de prevenção de lesão por pressão. Participaram da atividade 82 profissionais, entre eles, enfermeiros, técnicos em enfermagem, nutricionistas e fisioterapeutas. O total de 57 participantes (69,5%) conseguiram desvendar os enigmas propostos e sair da sala de escape no tempo determinado. A avaliação de reação demonstrou alto nível de satisfação com a atividade, além de inúmeros elogios sobre a metodologia escolhida, bem como a criatividade com que o tema foi abordado e desenvolvido. Conclusão: A utilização de uma metodologia baseada na interação dos participantes, como as salas de escape, associada a outras atividades educativas parece ser interessante para promover a aprendizagem e a sensibilização na temática prevenção de lesão por pressão.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTER MODEL TO EVALUATE THE MAIN INDICATORS OF ECCENTRIC GEARS WITH A PARALLEL ARRANGEMENT OF INPUT AND OUTPUT SHAFTS
Authors: Gromyko Petr , Makarevich Dmitriy , Hatetovskiy Stanislav , Makarevich Andrey
Published: August 2022

The study objective is to develop a computer model of an eccentric gear with a parallel arrangement of input and output shafts, as well as an evaluation of their main performance indicators.

The paper presents the basic block diagram of an eccentric gear with parallel arrangement of input and output shafts. A layout variant and a computer model of the gear are developed, its operation is simulated and the results of computer study are obtained. A computer model and a method for evaluating the main performance indicators allow optimizing gear parameters, as well as improving its structure.

The research methods are based on the tools of the automated design system, which gives the opportunity to simulate mechanisms, including toothed gears. Various kinematics and dynamics analysis tools built into the computer-aided design system allow reading angular velocities and torques. These values serve as the basis for evaluating the efficiency and error of rotation of eccentric gear links.

The novelty of the work is in the study of a new mechanism that allows the creation of small-sized drive devices with a parallel arrangement of input and output shafts.

Study results include an evaluation of the efficiency and error of rotation of the the eccentric gear output shaft.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DESIGNING A DIGITAL MODEL OF TWO-SIDED FACE GRINDING TREATMENT
Authors: Vayner Leonid , Nagorkin Maksim , Maksimov Maksim
Published: August 2022

The paper is devoted to the development of methodological foundations of digital models of two-sided face grinding treatment. The study objective is further increase in the effectiveness of work preparation of two-sided face grinding in the conditions of automated and digital manufacture. At the present stage of the development of mechanical engineering and computerized manufacture the technological parameters of adjustment and cutting modes of metalworking systems should be determined not by reference data, but as a result of simulation modeling of treatment processes taking into account all actual technological factors of influence. The problem to which the paper is devoted is the search for solutions to the problems of ensuring the correctness of mathematical and computer models being developed, adequate consideration of dominant factors, correct representation in the digital form of treatment process of patterns, relationships and constraints taking place based on the methods of structural parametric analysis and simulation modeling. These problems can be solved only on the basis of a systematic approach to the treatment and the development of methodological foundations for creating its digital model, which is the subject of research in the presented paper in relation to two-sided face treatment (FT). The following things are proposed: an algorithm of structural and parametric FT design, a structural and functional model of workpiece forming, objects and connections of technological interaction in FT, which together are the methodological foundations for the virtual FT presentation and have signs of scientific novelty. The results of virtual FT of cylindrical rollers in production conditions and the technical settings of the machine found on the basis of the stated methodological recommendations show that the required values of the dominant shape errors and the relative position of the treated surfaces are provided within the specified constrains. Conclusions: the provisions given in the paper and the model environment can be used in the development of an automated system for technological FT preparation in the conditions of digital production.
PROCESS ENGINEERING OF LOCOMOTIVE REPAIR
Authors: Rafikov Rafik , Kulikov Mikhail
Published: August 2022

The study objective is to show the importance of process engineering in traction rolling stock repair under the conditions of reforming the domestic locomotive repair complex in terms of the transition to service maintenance and repair. The paper is devoted to the description of production preparation to the repair of new types of traction rolling stock for planning, organizing and effectively managing the process engineering at a stated time. As part of the study, the theories of information and technical systems, the theory of queuing, optimization of technological processes and experiment planning, system analysis are applied. The novelty of the work is in identifying the main stages of process engineering, in making a business process model of the algorithm for forming a network plan for production design engineering (PDE), allowing to show any production process not only from the side of control and providing it with inventory resources, technical documentation, qualified employees, but also from the side of verifying the technology of performing operations. It is found out that in the conditions of reforming the domestic locomotive repair complex, the issue of performing PDE for the repair of traction rolling stock (TPS) is urgent. The main PDE stages are highlighted. The main purpose of process engineering is to develop an optimal technological process (TP) that would ensure the repair of products of a given quality with minimal costs. At the preparatory stage, the exact organization and production preparation itself is of key importance. These costs are constantly increasing with the continuous complication of the locomotive structures themselves and the need to reduce the time for repairs. PDE advantages and disadvantages in IPS Techcard system are noted.
FROM STUDENT TO ACADEMIC: CAREER OF KONSTANTIN VASILYEVICH FROLOV (to the 90th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Popkov Vladimir
Published: August 2022

The paper gives information on the activity of an outstanding Soviet and Russian scientist and scientific leader, Hero of Socialist Labor, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and RAS, Vice-President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and RAS (1985 – 1996), graduate of Bryansk Institute of Transport Engineering (BITE), honorary professor of Bryansk State Technical University, Doctor of of Technical Sciences, Professor Konstantin Vasilyevich Frolov.
WAYS TO REDUCE THE WEAR OF WHEEL FLANGES IN FREIGHT BOGIES
Authors: Filippov Viktor , Petrov Aleksandr , Kurzina Elena , Kurzina Angelina
Published: August 2022

The study objective is to reduce the number of cases of current uncoupling repairs and operational costs associated with defects in wheel flanges of freight cars in conditions of increasing linear and axial loads and speeds. The paper is devoted to solving the problem of improving the interaction of the friction-mechanical system "wheel-rail" in curved sections of the track by reducing the anti-torque in the places of the supports of the car body on bogies. Computational and experimental research methods are used. The novelty of the work is that rational friction pairs in the unit of center plate – female center plate, friction and strength characteristics of composite polymer materials for installation in the support units of the car are experimentally determined; there are also calculated the moments of resistance forces to the bogie turning from the real values of the friction factors for different variants of supporting the car body, simulating the passage of transition and circular curves. As a result, the following is found: the lowest friction factor of 0.11 is shown by a pair of friction – metal-glass-filled polyamide 6, which reduces the moment of resistance to rotation when fully supported by a female center plate by 2.91 times, and when implemented on a side bearing, the total anti-torque also decreases by 2.91 times; the wearing of glass–filled polyamides by 2.5 two times lower than for other modifications, and hardness increases with an increase of glass fiber in the structure. This leads to making the following conclusions: a rational pair of friction in the unit of center plate – female center plate is metal - glass–filled polyamide 6; to reduce the wear of flanges in curved sections of the track, it is advisable to implement a simultaneous reduction in friction factor in the areas of female centre plate and side bearings for free rotation of the bogie in curves; Currently developed composite polymer materials, which simultaneously have high strength and anti-friction properties (polyamides modified with fiber glass, molybdenum disulfide, fullerene fillers), can have a positive effect on solving the problem of wear of wheel flanges.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Tingkat Tinggi Muatan Pembelajaran IPA Tema Selalu Berhemat Energi Melalui Pembelajaran Covid-19 Metode Blended Learning Pada Kelas IV UPTD SDN 01 Tanjuang Haro Sikabu-Kabu Pd. Panjang Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Ermiati Ermiati
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the use of blended learning method for covid-19 learning to improve students' high-level learning outcomes in science learning content in class IV UPTD SD Negeri 01 Tanjuang Haro. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The research was carried out based on classroom action research steps with two cycles starting from the planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. Data were obtained from the research subjects, namely teachers and students of class IV, totaling 19 people, which was held from July to July. September 2021. The results of the research data analysis show that the use of a scientific approach with the blended learning method can improve the ability of teachers in preparing high-level questions. This is evidenced by the acquisition of a score of 62.50 in the spracycle, increased to 72.91 in the first cycle, and increased to 89.58 in the second cycle. Furthermore, the results of the study of descriptions also increased, namely 61.53 in the pre-cycle, increasing to 76.92 in the first cycle of activities, and increasing to 87.71 in the second cycle. Furthermore, the learning outcomes of students' knowledge also increased, namely 69.15 in pre-cycle activities, increasing to 75.26 in the first cycle, increasing again to 84.21 in the second cycle with a large increase of 15.06. The learning outcomes of the skills aspect obtained an average of 62.94 in the pre-cycle, increasing to 71.94 in the first cycle and increasing again to 82.68 in the second cycle with a percentage increase of 19.74. Based on the results of this study, the conclusions of the research using the scientific approach of the blended learning method on the content of science learning need to be applied and developed in order to improve the quality of education.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Pokok Bahasan Macam-Macam Bangun Datar Melalui Strategi True or False Pada Siswa Kelas I Semester Genap SDN 005 Bengkong Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Restuti Nuraqsha
Published: August 2022

The objectives of this research to improve learning outcomes in grade I students of Mathematics, Basic Subjects of Various Shapes Through True or False Strategies for Class I Students in Even Semesters at SDN 005 Bengkong, Batam City, 2018/2019 Academic Year. The subject of this classroom action research is Mathematics, the subject matter of various kinds of flat shapes by applying True or False learning strategies, to the first grade students of SDN 005 Bengkong, Batam City, with a total of 24 students. The research site for learning improvement is at SDN 005 Bengkong, Batam City. The time of this research was carried out through two cycles, cycle I on January 6 – January 11 2019, cycle II on January 20, 2020 – January 25, 2019. The results of this study were that learning with the True or False strategy had a positive impact on improving mathematics learning outcomes about various types of mathematics. - Kinds of Waking Up Flat in Grade I Students of SDN 005 Bengkong Batam City. This can be seen in Cycle I, from 24 students who completed as many as 14 students (58.3%) and 10 students who had not completed (41.67%). While in Cycle II, there were 20 students (83.33%) who finished and 4 students (16.67%). So, after Cycle II was held, student learning outcomes increased by 25.03%.
"تشكّل الذّات وأزمة الهويّة في رواية قدس الله سري لمحمّد الأمين بن ربيع مقاربة سايكوسرديّة"
Authors: عجيل شاكر
Published: August 2022

تحاول هذه المقاربة البحثيّة النّقديّة أنْ تجد المسافة النّفسيّة الحقيقيّة الّتي تفصل الإنسان عن

عن المشاعر الإيجابيّة الّتي تنتج عندما يشعر بالمواطنةِ وصدق الانتماء، وليس ببعيدٍ عن هذا الحث، تقف صورة القلق الدلاليّ والمرجعيّ في مقدّمة النّتائج الّتي يمكن التوصّل إليها في الحال الّتي تتلاشى فيه هويّة الإنسان وتتبخّر ذاته المركزيّة أمام صلابة الواقع، لذا فإنَّ هذه المقاربة الّتي بعنوان (تشكّل الذّات وأزمة الهويّة في رواية قدس الله سري لمحمّد الأمين بن ربيع) استطاعت أنْ تخلص إلى العديد من المحاور النّقديّة, فهي تابعت الكثير من الذوات داخل الرّواية عبر مراحل الأزمة الفعليّة لها، وتابعت معها الأصل الّذي يبحث في أزمة الإنسان مع الوطن ومع الأرض ومع المجتمع ومن ثمّ تقود إلى تفتيت الهويّة.

    جاء البحث بمبحثين, الأوّل: (تشكّل الذّات وصراع الرؤية) تمحور حول شخصيّة أدريان الّتي حاولت أن تبحث عن حالة النشوء والتأسيس, فهي عاشت مرحلة خطيرة  من مراحل أزمة الهويّة، لكنّها سرعان ما بدأت تشكّل الذات عبر التنقّل بالأمكنة  وكأنَّها تجمع ذاتها المتشظية من طرود الأمكنة في فرنسا والجزائر وبوسعادة، ولم تشعر أدريان الشّخصيّة المحوريّة في الرواية بحقيقة الانتماء إلّا عندما وصلت إلى الجزائر في الفترة الّتي شعرت باكتمال الذات، فهي وصلت إلى الواقع الافتراضي المعاش عبر حساسيتها المفرطة؛ لأنّها وجدت نفسها محاطة بكلِّ مكملات النقص النّفسيّ في الجزائر.

  أمّا المبحث الثاني: (سؤال الوجود وأزمة الهويّة), فإنّه يقيم تقارباً بين مختلف الشخصيّات المحوريّة في الرّواية مثل(نائل, وأبيه, وأمه, ونانا الضاوية, وفيليب, وعائلة مورياك، فضلاً عن أدريان)، فهو يبحث في الأزمة الّتي ترسم ملامح الإشكال الوجودي للإنسان، لنكون بصدد أزمتين على صعيد الهويّة الأولى فرديّة, والأخرى جماعيّة، عندما تكون الأولى مخصوصة ضمن تطلعات الشخص الواحد, والثانية تمثّل رؤية جماعيّة لعدد من السكّان الّذين يعيشون ضمن بيئة واحدة، فضلاًعن الحديث عن مصادر الهويّة الّتي تنوّعت بين الإنسانيّ والمرجعيّ والنّفسيّ والشّخصيّ، وهيكلّها طوابع شخصيّة وردت في رواية الرّوائيّ الجزائريّ محمّد الأمين بن ربيع.
الجهود النقدية عند الشاعر الفرزدق
Authors: عبد الله خالد
Published: August 2022

يحاول البحث الإجابة  عن أسئلة ترددت في أذهان الكثير من الدارسين للأدب العربي , تخص تطور النقد العربي القديم , ومعرفة دور الشاعر القديم واسهاماته في تطور العملية النقدية المصاحبة لقول الشعر, فكانت جهودهم في هذا المجال جهود تستحق التوقف والدراسة ؛ بوصفهم مبدعين ومتلقين للنصوص في آن واحد , والشاعر حين ينظر في نصه أو نص غيره من الشعراء , عندها يبدأ بفحص النصوص وتقويمها والنظر فيها , بوصفه باثاً ومتلقياً في الوقت نفسه , إذ تمثل آراءهم في هذا المجال نقلة مهمة في تاريخ النقد العربي القديم ، ونشوء النظرية النقدية العربية ؛ كونها نابعة عن تجربة حقيقية صادقة , لا مجرد تنظيرات بعيدة عن واقع النص .

    والشاعر الفرزدق واحدٌ من أولئك الشعراء ( النقاد ) ,  الذين أسهموا اسهاماً واضحاً وكبيراً في رفد مسار حركة النقد العربي القديم بالكثير من الآراء والمواقف النقدية , التي تكشف عن امتلاكه الحس النقدي الناضج , فهو الشاعر والعالم بالشعر العربي القديم وفنونه وأسباب القول فيه , وهو العارف بأسرار اللغة وغريبها , بإجماع معاصريه من نقاد ورواة وأهل لغة وأخبار , فجاءت هذه الآراء النقدية المهمة ؛ لتعبر عن موهبة وثقافة ورؤية تقويمية ثاقبة , مكنته في الكشف عن مواطن القبح والجمال , وتقويم الكثير من النصوص التي كانت محط الاهتمام  , وإرشاد أصحابها إلى مواطن القول الصحيح , وبما يوفر لهذه النصوص الابتعاد عن مواطن الضعف والخلل , والوصول الى مرحلة النضوج والكمال وهي غاية  كل المبدعين .
الرواية الاجتماعية التسجيلية (قراءة وتحليل ومقارنة)
Authors: ونان جاسم محمد
Published: August 2022

يبتعد هذا البحث من مصطلح نقد ويقترب من مصطلح القراءة، فالقراءة تمنح النصوص أبعاداً تحليلية وتأويلية أكثر ممَّا يمنحه النقد بحكم نظرة النقد السلطوية، والنظرة السلطوية تقيّد النصَّ والناصَّ والقارئ على حدٍّ سواء، وكان الاتكاء على نموذجين روائيين مختلفين في البّيئةِ والنشأة والمحيط سبيلاً كاشفاً للأبعاد السردية التي بنيّت عليها كلَّ رواية، وقد تكوَّن البحث من مقدمة ومبحثين توجه الأول نحو أثر التعدد الشكلي في تأسيس الرواية التسجيلية والثاني نحو أثر تجريد الواقع، فاختلف المبحثان في الاهتمام والتنازع بين الشكل والمضمون ولكنَّهما اتفقا في بيان أهمية التسجيل.
مدينة ساباط من سنة 488 ـــ870 م دراسة في نشأتها واثرها السياسي والعلمي
Authors: خلف عمير فايز
Published: August 2022

تعد دراسات المدن من الدراسات التاريخية والجغرافية المهمة ، لما تقدمة من معلومات مهمة وقيمة عن الحياة في تلك المدن في جوانبها السياسية والعلمية والاجتماعية ، ولهذا تم اختيار احدى هذه المدن وهي مدينة ساباط ، لكونها عاصرت حضارة دولتين هما الدولة الساسانية والإسلامية ، إذ شكلت حلقة وصل بينهما ، وترك ذلك اثر سياسي مهم على المدينة إذ تجسد بأحداث عدة قبل الإسلام وبعد الإسلام ،  واثر علمي واضح إذ شهدت حركة علمية في عهد الدولة الإسلامية حالها حال المدن الإسلامية الأخرى ، إذ برز فيها عدد من العلماء المسلمين الذين تركوا اثار علمية من روايات ومؤلفات.
الشعر الاندلسي: الضفة الثالثة للشعر العربي- رؤية في ضوء نظرية عروض القصيدة
Authors: تقي جون محمد
Published: August 2022

للشعر ضفاف ثلاث: اللفظ، والمعنى، والموسيقى. اشتغل الجاهليون ومن بعدهم الامويون على ضفة الالفاظ، لجمال الفاظهم وكثرتها، ولقلة ما لديهم من معان بسبب عزلتهم الجغرافية، وبداوتهم وعدم التلاقح الحضاري الذي يدعو الى التجدد والتطور. واشتغل العباسيون على المعاني بالدرجة الاولى؛ لغزارة معانيهم بسبب انفتاحهم الحضاري، والتخلي عن كثير من الالفاظ العربية الفصيحة، فجاءوا بالأعاجيب في الفن الشعري. وبسبب استهلاكهم المعاني ومطاردتها قلت واضمحلت في العصور المتأخرة. وركز الاندلسيون في شعرهم على الضفة الثالثة وهي (الموسيقى) بسبب الطبيعة والظروف الاندلسية، وتطور الالحان لديهم، فقد بلغت الموسيقى اوجها في الاندلس، واصبح الشعر فيما بعد في الموشح والزجل محض موسيقى. ولعدم الاهتمام باللفظ كثيرا، كما لم يعرف عنهم الغوص على المعاني ومعاناة ابتكارها في العموم. وان قارئ الشعر الاندلسي لا يخطئ طغيان الموسيقى على اللفظ والمعنى بشكل لافت.
ظاهرتا الحب والفرح في ديوان ( لو أنبأني العراف ) الشاعرة
Authors: كاظم سلمان احمد
Published: August 2022

الحب والفرح من الظواهر الملاصقة في الشعر النسوي فلا يمكن أن نجد ديوان يخلو من قصائد الحب ومن مظاهر الفرح وأن كانت القصيدة مكتوبة لغرض آخر، فكثيراً ما كانت لميعة تمزج بين الحب والوجع والحنين  ومن خلال تتبعنا لديوان لو أنبأني العراف نجد جزالة الاسلوب ورقة الكلمة مع الرومانسية الجريئة والتي كانت سمة مميزة توصف بها الشاعرة ومن هنا نحاول تسليط الضوء على تلك الظاهرتين  اللتين حازتا اهتمام الشاعرة من خلال تحليل قصائد الديوان وايجاد مواطن الابداع .
IoT with Big Data and Security Challenges of Present Era
Authors: Insha Maida , Shaheen Tanzeela
Published: August 2022

IoT with Big Data and Security Challenges of Present Era
Kerukunan dan Kerawanan Sosial di Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Lahaji
Published: August 2022

Kondisi obyektif kehidupan sosial dan relasi antar kelompok masyarakat di kota Gorontalo dapat digambarkan sebagai kondisi dan tingkat kerukunan hidup beragamanya tergolong baik dan rukun meskipun masih terdapat ketegangan-ketegangan sosialdi syarakat. Akan tetapi ketegangan-ketegangan tersebut tidak menjadikan konfik SOsial yang signifikan. Bahkan integrasi-integra5 sosial dapat tercipta dengan baik sehingga masyarakat menjadi hidup rukun. Hal ini sebagaimana yang terlihat dalam kehidupan keluarga, kehidupan bertetangga, dan kehidupan bemasyarakat. Adanya falsafah Adat Bersendi Syara, Syara' bersendi Kitabullah" dan selogan Torang Samua Basudara" turut mewarnai terjadi integrasi toleransi yang tinggi antar sesama, sehingga kegiatan negatif seperti"tutuhiya saling dengki/irihati tidak mungkin mendapat makna yang dianggap layak. Dasar keagamaan dan kultur pergaulan mengharuskan kita menganggap sama, satu, sederajat dan saling membutuhkan yang satu dengan yang lain.
Wireless Sensor Network with ZigBee Application: Literature Review
Authors: Kiran Huma , Khan Muskan
Published: August 2022

Wireless Sensor Network with ZigBeeApplication: Literature Review