bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación Remota de Emergencia en la Escuela Intercultural Bilingüe “Juan Santos Atahualpa” (UNISCJSA)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Landeo Minaya Karina Lisbeth
Published: May 2024

Con la declaración del estado de emergencia sanitaria a nivel internacional y la consecuente interrupción de las clases presenciales en todos los niveles educativos para evitar el contagio del nuevo coronavirus SARS-Cov-2, la universidad pública peruana ha enfrentado diversos desafíos tecnológicos, sociales, económicos e históricos al mediar la continuación del servicio educativo en la modalidad virtual. Por ello, el ensayo que presentamos, se ciñe a la experiencia desde la cátedra universitaria en el modo remoto en la Escuela Profesional de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central “Juan Santos Atahualpa” (UNISCJSA) a través de la adaptación obligatoria de la presencialidad a las clases sincrónicas online y asíncronas, denominada Educación Remota de Emergencia (ERE), que el Estado peruano decretó al aprobar las “Orientaciones para la continuidad del servicio educativo superior universitario, en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria” - Resolución Viceministerial Nº 085-2020-MINEDU- (El Peruano, 2020 a) para la prevención y control del Covid-19 por noventa días.
La importancia de la comunicación intercultural al interior de las organizaciones
Authors:   Universidad Católica del Perú, Delgado José
Published: May 2024

Este artículo aborda la importancia que tiene la comunicación intercultural para el desenvolvimiento adecuado de las organizaciones en el contexto contemporáneo de globalización. Para este cometido se analizó el rol que cumple la comunicación intercultural al interior de las organizaciones, haciendo una revisión crítica de la literatura especializada en el tema. Así, se tomó como supuesto que las organizaciones contemporáneas están conformadas por grupos humanos que comparten diversas culturas. Culturas que hacen a sus usuarios interpretar lo que les rodea de manera particular, afectando con esto la capacidad comunicativa al interior de las organizaciones.
Estrategias para el aprendizaje de una persona sorda en la educación superior
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Gallego Condoy Miriam Bernarda , Merino Posligua María José ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: May 2024

En Ecuador a nivel nacional existen 55 020 personas que poseen discapacidad auditiva (Diario El Telégrafo, 2017). Esto permite evidenciar que dicha población, no es mínima dentro del contexto ecuatoriano. Las personas con discapacidad auditiva están inmersas en varios ámbitos como el social, cultural, político, laboral y en los últimos años, se ha acrecentado su participación
Agricultura urbana bajo los principios IAR- FAO para contrarrestar el COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Portilla Farfán Fredi , Quizhpi Pintado María José ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Sarango Guamán Tania Alexandra ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: May 2024

Actualmente, la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19 ha provocado una crisis económica poniendo en riesgo la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en toda la esfera mundial, particularmente en nuestro país debido al aislamiento provocado por el coronavirus que ha causado en la población el deterioro de bienes y servicios esenciales para la vida. La crisis ha incentivado a las personas a impulsar actividades de agricultura en las ciudades, adecuando un espacio de terreno para el cultivo de frutas y verduras en sus hogares como forma de autosustento frente al escenario de esta pandemia.
Minga y domesticación
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Cando Pujos Wilman Stalin
Published: May 2024

Este texto es un extracto de un documento más grande realizado previo a la obtención del grado de Magíster en Antropología. Aquel texto contempla aspectos como la historia de la comuna, memoria, identidad, fiestas locales, organización comunal, entre otras. Aquí, se presenta un análisis de la minga dentro de la comuna, de cómo es percibida y experimentada, sobre sus alcances y, al final, limitaciones. El texto se ampara en los planteamientos de Emilio Duhau y Angela Giglia (2008) y Giglia (2012) sobre habitar, con la finalidad de mostrar que, mediante la minga, los vecinos de la Comuna Central de Tumbaco domestican y modifican su espacio para que su reproducción social sea la más adecuada.
Movilidad humana en Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Carbonell Yonfá Eloísa
Published: May 2024

La crisis económica venezolana, denominada “depresión económica” (Legarda y Folleco, 2019, p. 14) precisó un cambio a partir de 2012 en el gobierno de Hugo Chávez y ha persistido hasta el mandato del actual presidente Nicolás Maduro. Los detractores de esta crisis se evidencian en escasez de alimentos, medicinas, cierre de empresas, pocas posibilidades laborales, inflación y deterioro de las relaciones internas del país; así como de las relaciones internacionales. Este panorama provocó la protesta de movimientos sociales exigiendo cambios de políticas económicas y sociales que duraron muchos meses, empeoradas por políticas internacionales aplicadas desde el gobierno de los EE. UU. para presionar la salida del presidente Maduro del poder ejecutivo, a través de bloqueos económicos,financieros y comerciales a Venezuela.
La rédaction d’articles lexicographiques en bamanankan
Authors: BALLO Issiaka
Published: May 2024

Du début de la promotion du bamanankan (époque coloniale) à nos jours, cette langue a connu des productions lexicographiques à commencer par le dictionnaire de Dard (Google). Donc, de Dard (1825) à Dukure (2021), le bamanankan vit déjà deux siècles de pratiques lexicographiques. Deux siècles de balbutiement dans une pratique méritent donc un exposé. L’exposé du présent travail vise cependant à discuter un des multiples aspects de l’expérience : la discussion des écarts des normes de rédaction d’articles lexicographiques monolingues. Les raffinements opérés dans la rédaction lexicographique sont les normes. Il doit y avoir sûrement des articles dont la rédaction présente des manquements aux rigueurs lexicographiques. Ces éventuels articles doivent faire l’objet d’un inventaire et d’une discussion. Dans les deux ouvrages monolingues retenus, les articles en question ont été discutés par rapport aux principes définitoires, aux caractères définitoires, aux règles définitoires et à la structuration internes des articles en champs indépendants. Le travail a alors pu débattre de 18 écarts des normes en vigueur.
Amplifier et valoriser le mamara (sénoufo, gur, Mali) par l’implication des populations et des autres langues nationales dans une pédagogie convergente co-participative
Authors: LÉONARD Jean Léo , DEMBÉLÉ Souleymane
Published: May 2024

les ateliers thématiques de production de ressources didactiques en langues nationales ou minoritaires ou minorées sont conçus de manière à susciter une production active, co-participative, de collectifs d’élèves et d’enseignants en langues maternelles « nationales » ou « régionales » ou « minoritaires » ou « minorées » ou « en danger ». Ils ont été conçus initialement en milieu amérindien au Mexique et au Guatemala, et la technique est ici implémentée en Afrique, sur deux langues nationales du Mali : le bamanankan (mandé) et le mamara (sénoufo, gur). On applique sur des corpus de narrations dans ces deux langues, recueillis lors de ces ateliers à l’Université de Bamako, les méthodes de la sémiotique (pour les contenus socio-culturels et symboliques) et de la linguistique théorique et descriptive (taxinomies flexionnelles, nominale et verbale), avec une batterie de propositions pédagogiques concrètes. L’intention est, à terme, d’outiller les langues africaines en matériaux endogènes et en techniques d’exploitation didactique de ces matériaux, afin de remédier aux contradictions et apories des « pédagogies convergentes », dont l’intention est louable, mais dont l’implémentation se heurte à des problèmes que la Linguistique du Développement Social est particulièrement apte à diagnostiquer et remédier, le cas échéant.
Langue et développement
Authors: MESSAOUDI Leila
Published: May 2024

La thématique traitée dans cet article est celle du technolecte agricole au Maroc et son articulation à la question du développement.
Un premier volet est consacré aux concepts utilisés qui sont : variété linguistique, linguistique / langagier, technolecte et développement.
Un deuxième volet est réservé à l’approche technolectale constituée de cinq paliers, illustrée par des travaux de terrain effectués au Maroc dans trois régions, celles de Taza, des Zaers et du Gharb.
Le constat est que l’appropriation des savoirs et techniques agricoles - passant d’ordinaire par un apprentissage formel dans une variété linguistique savante qui est le plus souvent le français dans les écoles d’ingénieurs et les instituts techniques agricoles - se déroule aussi par la vulgarisation agricole grâce aux moyens offerts par la technologie mais aussi grâce à la transmission traditionnelle des savoirs locaux en variété vernaculaire locale (arabe ou amazighe) dans les exploitations agricoles. Des horizons de recherche sont ouverts et des travaux de terrain (en exploitation agricole ou dans des fermes) doivent être multipliés pour identifier les ressources linguistiques en usage dans ce secteur vital pour le développement économique et social.
Amplifier les langues et les cultures à Castel Volturno
Authors: PUOLATO Daniela
Published: May 2024

Cette étude se veut une approche de la réalité de Castel Volturno visant à son développement économique, social et environnemental par la prise en compte des langues. À Castel Volturno, situé le long de la voie Domitienne, dans la région de Caserte en Campanie, la dégradation de l’environnement, les activités illégales, la pauvreté, la discrimination se mêlent à une très forte diversité linguistique. Le pluri-/multilinguisme de ce territoire est resté, cependant, presque inexploré et n’a jamais fait l’objet de politiques linguistiques. C’est pourquoi nous proposons un premier diagnostic portant sur les répertoires linguistiques, les choix de langues et les besoins linguistiques des Africain.e.s subsaharien.ne.s, qui constituent la communauté étrangère la plus nombreuse de Castel Volturno. Les résultats que nous présentons mettent en évidence la richesse culturelle et linguistique de ce territoire, un véritable patrimoine qui attend d’être « découvert », valorisé, transformé en ressource culturelle, sociale, économique.
Les performances dansées d’Yvonne Rainer
Authors: SERVIAN Claudie
Published: May 2024

Yvonne Rainer brise les codes traditionnels en rejetant les canons et les règles en introduisant le corps/objet, la liberté d’expression et le jeu. Elle souhaite populariser l’art, le rendre accessible en incorporant des actions quotidiennes, des mouvements simples comme la marche, la course et les sauts, des objets comme matériaux de performances. Guidée par une vision critique de la société étatsunienne, elle cherche avec d’autres performeurs à construire une communauté alternative intéressée par les styles transgressifs comme moyen de rejeter les valeurs de la génération artistique précédente. L’art devient accessible à tous et la frontière séparant le performeur et le spectateur disparaît.
ZDRAVSTVENI RADNICI U KATASTROFAMA
Authors: Obradović Zarema
Published: May 2024

Međunarodnim zdravstvenim propisima 2005 (IHR), vanredna situacija za javno zdravlje od međunarodnog značaja definira se kao „vanredni događaj za koji je utvrđeno, kako je predviđeno ovim Pravilnikom: (i) da predstavlja rizik za javno zdravlje drugih država kroz međunarodno širenje bolesti i (ii) da potencijalno zahtijeva koordiniran međunarodni odgovor” Takvi događaji mogu biti prirodne katastrofe i katastrofe koje je stvorio čovjek. Katastrofe mogu biti izazvane epidemijama ili pandemijama zaraznih bolesti, radijacijom, hemijskim incidentima , a mogu biti i prirodne pojave kao što su zemljotresi, poplave, suše, uragani. Njihova zajednička karakteristika je da se mogu javiti na svakom mjestu i u svako vrijeme te da remete normalan život i uobičajeni način funkcionisanja društva. Sve katastrofe su posebno veliki izazov za sektor zdravstva, iako zahtijevaju i uključivanje drugih sektora i profesionalaca kao što su vatrogasci, policija,spasioci, građevinski radnici, volonteri itd. U katastrofama su zdravstveni radnici izloženi različitim rizicima, a najznačajniji su: rizik da izgube život ili budu povrijeđeni, rad sa ograničenim resursima (kadar, prostor, oprema, sredstva za rad), produženo radno vrijeme, nepostojanje uslova za održavanje higijene, ishrana i odmor. Tokom obavljanja svojih poslova zdravstveni radnici su izloženi raznim opasnostima te je važno da brinu o svom zdravlju i vlastitoj zaštiti što je preduslov da mogu pomoći drugim osobama. Kako bi se pripremili i adekvatno odgovorili izazovima u nekim budućim katastrofama potrebno je da zdravstveni radnici budu obučeni i maksimalno moguće pripremljeni za sve pretpostavljene situacije.
SISTEM UPRAVLJANJA KVALITETOM U RADIOLOŠKIM TEHNOLOGIJAMA
Authors: Beganović Adnan
Published: May 2024

Sistem upravljanja kvalitetom (QMS) u radiološkim tehnologijama ima veoma važnu ulogu u postizanju visokih standarda kvaliteta kod pružanja radioloških usluga. Ovaj rad predstavlja osnovne principe QMS-a, s posebnim fokusom na osiguranje kvaliteta (QA) i kontrolu kvaliteta (QC) u radiološkim tehnologijama, uz analizu zakonske regulative i primjenu programa osiguranja kvaliteta.
Osiguranje kvaliteta kao integralni dio QMS-a, posvećen je prevenciji grešaka, pružanju podrške i rješavanju problema u pružanju radioloških usluga, dok proces kontrole kvaliteta predstavlja sistem koji održava standarde u pružanju radioloških usluga kroz redovne provjere ispravnosti. Primjena procesa kontrole kvaliteta oslanja se na jasno definirane procedure, kompetentno osoblje i etičke principe kako bi se osigurala dosljednost u praksi.
Ovaj rad pruža sveobuhvatan uvid u upravljanje kvalitetom u radiološkim tehnologijama, od osnovnih principa do konkretnih implementacija kroz zakonodavstvo i programe osiguranja kvaliteta. U radu se posebno ističe važnost dosljednosti, transparentnosti i usklađenosti s najvišim standardima kako bi se unaprijedio kvalitea radioloških tehnologija.
UTICAJ ERGONOMSKOG INTERVENTNOG PROGRAMA NA MIŠIĆNO-KOŠTANE POREMEĆAJE UZROKOVANE RADOM KOD ZDRAVSTVENIH PROFESIONALACA
Authors: Pleho Dženan , Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra , Pašalić Arzija , Katana Bakir , Jaganjac Amila
Published: May 2024

Uvod: Mišićno-koštani poremećaji uzrokovani radom (engl. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders – WRMSDs) najčešća su oboljenja povezana s radom, a opisuju širok dijapazon degenerativnih i upalnih stanja. WRMSDs pogađaju milione radnika na području cijele Evrope i svijeta, a sami poslodavci zbog njihovih posljedica troše milijarde eura. Zdravstvo kao poseban sektor ima jednu od najvećih prevalenci radom uzrokovanih mišićno-koštanih poremećaja (MKP) u svijetu daleko ispred građevinarstva, rudarstva i proizvodnje.
Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanje bilo je uključeno 177 zdravstvenih profesionalca oba spola koji su svojim radom aktivno uključeni u pružanje zdravstvenih usluga, kategorizirani prema životnoj dobi i vrsti radnih zadataka koje obavljaju u različitim položajima tijela u okviru svojih stručnih službi. Instrumenti koji su se koristili u istraživanju su standardizirani holandski upitnik za MKP (Dutch Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire – DMQ), standardizirani upitnik za procjenu indeksa radne sposobnosti (Work Ability Index – WAI) i ergonomski interventni program. Istraživanje je trajalo od januara 2021. do oktobra 2021. godine.
Rezultati: Najveća učestalost MKP povezanih s radom kod zdravstvenih profesionalaca prije i poslije provođenja ergonomskog interventnog programa bila je u području vrata (83,1% prije, 64,9% poslije), u regiji gornjeg dijela leđa (71,8% prije, 56,5% poslije) te u regiji donjeg dijela leđa (68,4% prije, 55,9% poslije). Prosječna vrijednost indeksa radne sposobnosti prije uvođenja ergonomskog interventnog programa iznosila je 35,44±8,59, dok se poslije provedenog ergonomskog interventnog programa statistički signifikantno povećala i iznosila je 38,40±7,30.
Zaključak: Ergonomski interventni program je utjecao na smanjenje učestalosti MKP uzrokovanih radom, i povećanje radne sposobnost zdravstvenih profesionalaca.
THE CHANGES IN MIGRATION LEGISLATION DURING TONY BLAIR’S PREMIERSHIP (2005–2006)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Smolenska Yaroslava
Published: May 2024

This article examines the aftermath of the terrorist attacks carried out by naturalized British citizens on July 7, 2005, in London. It explores the broader context of the attack, including its impact on public opinion and the political climate of the country. The article analyzes Tony Blair’s public statements following the event, identifies the key points of his response to the terrorist attack, and evaluates the political decisions made in accordance with this response. It also investigates the factors that influenced changes in migration legislation and their consequences for British society. In order to better understand the context of changes in migration legislation under the influence of the July 7, 2005, terrorist attacks in London, the author examined the previous changes implemented by the Labour government in this area. The author aimed to identify the key challenges faced by the British authorities in the context of migration policy after the terrorist attacks, as well as to determine possible strategies for responding to these challenges. Various aspects of changes in migration policy legislation and practice, such as border controls, naturalization procedures, refugee resettlement programs, and other aspects that affected the lives of migrants and the overall political atmosphere in the country, were analyzed. The article aims at a deeper understanding of the relationship between terrorist events, political reactions to them and changes in migration policy, which is key to understanding the events of that time and their consequences today. Since the beginning of the XXI century, there have been ongoing scientific discussions about the relationship between terrorism and migration processes. At the start of the new century, numerous countries faced the real threat of terrorism, each responding differently with its own set of consequences. The article analyzes Tony Blair’s reaction, contrasting it with that of his foreign counterparts. Blair managed to respond by gradually expanding the scope of issues and accents while maintaining his position as head of state. He prepared society for changes in migration and anti-terrorist legislation, which were already in progress before the tragic events of July 7, 2005. These laws were subsequently revised and gained even greater relevance, sparking lively discussions both in society and within the government.
IMMIGRATION OF CZECHS TO UKRAINIAN LANDS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Malatsai Iryna
Published: May 2024

The late 60s and early 70s of the nineteenth century were a favorable period for the settlement of Czechs in the Volyn lands. The immigration of Czechs from Moravia to Volyn was caused primarily by economic factors. The impoverishment of Czech peasants, artisans, and workers forced them to seek a better life outside of the Czech lands. Ukrainian lands, in particular Volyn, became one of the destinations of emigration at that time. The appearance of Czech settlers in Volyn was connected with the desire of some Polish nobility to get rid of their property and leave the Russian Empire. The situation in the Ukrainian lands after the January Uprising opened up the possibility for Czechs to buy land for settlement. At first, land purchases were uncontrolled and often took place in violation of the law. Unfair treatment by intermediaries who tried to profit from those wishing to buy land was not uncommon. For the Russian authorities, the appearance of Czechs in Volyn became a form of pressure on Catholic Polish people. Support, benefits, preferences, and accelerated acquisition of Russian citizenship by the Czechs were steps taken by the Russian government. Separate settlements and districts were created for the Czechs. As for the religious issue, there was a “soft coercion” to convert from the Roman Catholic to the Orthodox Church. However, the Czechs were not particularly concerned about the religious issue, as the arrangement of their own economy, the establishment of private small industries, and the creation of decent living conditions were the priority tasks they set for themselves. Over time, the Russian authorities began to gradually limit benefits and reduce concessions to the Czechs. Seeing that the political plans to create a powerful anti-Catholic force out of the Czechs did not materialize, in 1884 a decree was issued prohibiting Czech immigrants from buying land in Volyn. For a time, Czech immigration to Ukrainian lands stopped, but at the same time, Czech immigrants who had already settled down became an important component of the development of industry and entrepreneurship in the late nineteenth century.
ICP-MS Analysis of Commercial Coffees Available in the US Market
Authors:   Theobald Science Center, Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA, Douvris Chris , Bezsmertna Olesya ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rodrigo Prashan ,   Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA, Vaughan TreyII ,   Department of Chemistry and Physics, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA, 70601, USA, Mlsna Todd ,   Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA, Bussan Derek ,   Department of Chemistry and Physics, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA, 70601, USA
Published: May 2024

As coffee constitutes a global cultural phenomenon consumed at 9 million tons annually across 167 countries, its scientific studies attract widespread attention. Accordingly, the present study investigates trace elements in coffee samples available in the US market, spanning sensory, health, environmental, and toxicological dimensions. Specifically, the study employs Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the analysis of 14 elements in 12 diverse coffee brands. Geographical variations, sustainability implications, and a leaching experiment further enrich our understanding. The findings contribute insights for consumers, producers, and regulators, shaping the evolving landscape of the coffee industry.
Personalized assessment of the effectiveness of targeted drugs for the treatment of cystic fibrosis in a patient with c.264_268delATATT and c.3139+1G>C rare variants of the CFTR gene
Authors: Efremova Anna S. , Sherman Victoria D. , Melyanovskaya Yuliya L. , Mokrousova Diana O. , Krasnova Maria G. , Bulatenko Natalya V. , Bukharova Tatiana B. , Makhnach Oleg V. , Alimov Andrey A. , Goldstein Dmitry V. , Kondratyeva Elena I.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: When new, most often rare CFTR gene variants, are detected in patients with cystic fibrosis, intestinal organoids are used, which allows for the assessment of the residual functional activity of the CFTR channel and the effect of targeted drugs to determine the possibility of further pathogenetic therapy. Clinical trials of the effectiveness of the targeted drugs in patients with rare CFTR variants are expensive, and patient groups are extremely small. A forskolin-induced swelling assay on a patient’s intestinal organoids allows for a personalized approach when studying rare or even single CFTR variants.
AIM: To examine the effect of the CFTR potentiator ivacaftor and the combination of ivacaftor with the CFTR correctors lumacaftor, tezacaftor, and elexacaftor on the restoration of CFTR channel functions on a culture of intestinal organoids obtained from a patient with two rare CFTR variants c.264_268delATATT and c.3139+1GC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To assess the activity of the CFTR channel, the forskolin-induced swelling assay on organoids and intestinal current measurements on rectal biopsy samples method were used. The clinical picture of a patient with the c.264_268delATATT/c.3139+1GC genotype was described.
RESULTS: In vitro, the genetic variants c.264_268delATATT and c.3139+1GC lead to a complete loss of the functional CFTR protein, whereas CFTR modulators do not positively affect and do not lead to the restoration of CFTR function, in contrast from F508del/F508del control. The disease severity in a child is consistent with the results of functional tests.
CONCLUSION: Both CFTR variants are classified as “severe” and cause a complete loss of chloride channel activity. No effective CFTR modulators were found for the c.264_268delATATT and c.3139+1GC variants; thus, targeted therapy cannot be recommended to the patient.
Platelet monoamine oxidase and erythrocyte adenosine triphosphatase as biomarkers of necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Vinel Polina K. , Tsareva Valentina V. , Baboshko Pavel G. , Sinitskii Anton I. , Kozhevnikov Artem S. , Grunin Alexandr V.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The diagnostics of necrotizing enterocolitis is a complex and often ineffective issue. Biomarkers reflecting key links in the pathogenesis of the disease may serve as early predictors of development, progression, and severe course of necrotizing enterocolitis.
AIM: To assess potentials of platelet monoamine oxidase activity and erythrocyte ATPase to predict the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature newborns.
METHODS: The present study had two stages and included 28 children who were treated at the Chelyabinsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital from November 2021 to December 2022. At the first stage, premature newborns were examined; among them a group of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis IIB–IIIA-B was identified. Venous blood was used for testings. At the second stage, specimens obtained from the intestine during surgical interventions in newborns with surgical pathology were examined additionally as well.
RESULTS: Children with necrotizing enterocolitis showed a significant decrease in the specific activity of platelet monoamine oxidase which correlated with the activity of monoamine oxidase in gut specimens. The following changes were registered: decrease in the activity of magnesium adenosine triphosphatasein erythrocytes by 50–100% of the maximum enzyme activity in the control group; decrease of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity y 4 times from the maximum values in the control group. There was also a significant increase in the activity of calcium adenosine triphosphatase activity in erythrocytes.
CONCLUSION: The obtained data allow to suggest that platelet monoamine oxidase in preterm newborns may potentially serve as an indicator of tissue and organ immaturity, rather than a marker of inflammation and oxidative damage. Changes in erythrocyte adenosine triphosphatase activity in preterm infants with surgical stages of necrotizing enterocolitis indicate a hypoxic hypoenergetic state, accompanied by high concentrations of intracellular calcium.
The obtained data are promising for developing new methods for diagnosis/prognosis of necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns.
Anesthetic support for laser vision correction in children
Authors: Roitberg Grigorij E. , Aznauryan Igor E. , Strunin Oleg V. , Smirnov Igor V. , Balasanyan Victoria O. , Agagulyan Satenik G. , Kondratova Natalia V. , Lazarev Vladimir V.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Currently, more and more laser surgeries are performed in pediatric ophthalmology. Expansion of indications for laser vision correction in children entails the increase in the number of patients and poses new specific tasks for pediatric anesthesiology. Solution of these problems is currently at the stage of active clinical search.
AIM: To propose a safe, reproducible and controllable method of anesthesiological support at pediatric ophthalmic surgeries which would ensure complete immobility of the eyeball during the intervention and patient’s rapid awakening after the surgery.
METHODS: A retrospective trial has been conducted. From October 2016 to May 2022, in the hospital of Joint Stock Company "Medicine" (clinic of Academician Roitberg) specialists from Yasny Vzor Children's Eye Clinics of Professor Igor Aznauryan operated on 429 children with ophthalmosurgical pathology. Laser vision correction was performed in children with refractive errors (astigmatism, hyperopia, congenital stable high myopia) complicated by anisometropia and/or amblyopia. The composite endpoint was surgeon's satisfaction with eye position during the main intervention and at the time of patient's awakening at the end of surgical stage. The surgeon's satisfaction was assessed with a 10-point scale, where 1 means no centration achieved and 10 means complete immobility during the correction. Awakening was the time from the end of surgical procedure until the removal of laryngeal mask after restoration of spontaneous breathing and signs of consciousness.
RESULTS: All 429 patients included in the trial completed it. Awakening came quickly and lasted, on average, 13.3 min (95% confidence interval, 12.1–14.6 min). At the early postoperative period, pain syndrome was in significant and amounted to 1–3 points by the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale and to 1–2 points by the Visual Analogue Scale. Additional anesthesia (Ibuprofen) was required in less than 10% of patients. Nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain were not observed in the postoperative period.
CONCLUSION: The proposed technique is adequate for ensuring the eyeball immobility and for acceptable wake-up time up to 9–10 points by the Aldreth scale.
Assessment of the nephroprotective efficacy of steroid therapy by analyzing concentrations of new markers of the renal damage at the extracorporeal remote shock wave lithotripsy in children
Authors: Zorkin Sergey N. , Nikulin Oleg D. , Semikina Elena L. , Tsygin Akexey N. , Snowskaya Marina A. , Milovanova Anastasia M. , Shakhnovsky Dmitriy S. , Bayazitov Rimir R.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: for several decades, the remote shock wave lithotripsy was a leading technique for surgical management of concretions in the upper urinary tract. The key reason for its wide spread was minimal invasion combined with high efficiency. However, it has been proven that after each lithotripsy session the acute kidney injury develops. Currently, there is no any curative strategy aimed to protect the renal parenchyma from pathological impacts of shock wave energy.
AIM: to evaluate Prednisolone nephroprotective efficacy after analysing dynamic levels of biomarkers of kidney damage during the remote shock wave lithotripsy in children.
METHODS: 108 children with urolithiasis after a session of remote shock wave lithotripsy were enrolled in the study. All patients were divided into two groups of 54 participants in each. Participants from the control group were treated according to the standard protocol. Participants from the studied group, in addition to the traditional therapy, were prescribed Prednisolone orally at dosage 0.5 mg/kg once a day for 2 days before the session of external shock wave lithotripsy and 2 hours before the surgery. Urine and blood samples were taken from all patients: before surgery, 45 minutes and 24 hours after it. Biomarker concentration was assessed in all samples.
RESULTS: The biomarker concentration in the urine differed statistically significantly in patients of the studied group and of the control one. The most pronounced changes were noted 45 minutes after the surgery. A statistically significant concentration increase of all studied biomarkers was revealed in patients from the control group. In children from the studied group, concentration of kidney damage molecule 1 did not change, and lipocalin concentration associated with neutrophil gelatinase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 and hepatic forms of fatty acid binding protein increased statistically significantly less than in patients of the control group. Interleukin 18 concentration in the blood serum of patients from the control group increased statistically significantly, while in patients from the studied group - statistically insignificantly.
CONCLUSION: A statistically significant decrease in the concentration of studied biomarkers, and, consequently, less degree of renal damage in the studied group, can promote implementation of the glucocorticoid therapy as a medical support during the external shock wave lithotripsy in children.
To the question of analgesia support of children in traumatologists’ outpatient practice
Authors: Vybornov Dmitry Yu. , Nekrutov Aleksandr V. , Semenov Nikolay Yu. , Khmelnitsky Konstantin Ye. , Ilyin Andrey O.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The problem of adequate anesthesia in children with injuries at the prehospital stage do exists due to the lack of a universal approach to the assessment of pain syndrome intensity as well as to age restrictions for a number of medical preparations , and to difficulties in communication with young children.
AIM: To improve the quality of specialized outpatient emergency medical care for children with traumatic injuries.
METHODS: The present survey was conducted for one month, and 113 orthopedic traumatologists from children's trauma centers and emergency traumatologic and orthopedics departments of medical organizations subordinated to the Moscow Healthcare Department participated in it. Each participant was offered a questionnaire having 24 thematic sections on analgesics application in their outpatient practice at various stages of prehospital care for children with mild and moderate traumatic injuries. At the same time, in a number of sections, several answers could be selected by a participant.
RESULTS: The obtained results demonstrated that there is no any unified systematic approach to the pain management after mild and moderate injuries in children. Analgesia techniques at the outpatient stage are paid not enough attention. Many doctors are ready to give a detailed consultation on how to relief pain at home, but in some cases, parents themselves decide on how to do it, though they do not have necessary knowledge.
CONCLUSION: To develop indications for anesthesia support requires the implementation of specialized pain assessment scales differentiated by age groups, development of methodological recommendations and standards for analgesics application at the prehospital stage with comprehensive information on existing forms and age-related features of effective and safe medical preparations of recent generations.
Costo del control de Aedes aegypti en la Amazonía peruana
Authors: Durand Salomon , Paredes Arles , Pacheco Carlos , Fernandez Ray , Herrera Jose , Cabezas César
Published: May 2024

Objectives. To estimate the costs incurred in the control of Aedes aegypti in the Loreto region, during the years 2017 and 2018. Materials and methods. We conducted a partial retrospective economic evaluation of the costs of Aedes aegypti control of the Regional Health Directorate Loreto, during the implementation of the Regional Plan for Surveillance and Control of Aedes aegypti.  Documentation such as plans, intervention reports and payment slips were reviewed, and interviews were conducted with professional personnel involved in vector control, on the costs of control interventions. Results. We found that the costs incurred in dengue vectorcontrol in the Loreto Region in the two years were: PEN 3,807,858 and PEN 4,066,380 during 2017 and 2018, respectively (USD 1,175,264 and USD 1,1210,232 at the 2017 and 2018 exchange rate). However, the effect of control activities is short-lived. Conclusions. The high cost involved in vector control with the methods currently used and the short duration of its effect make it unsustainable. Studies should be conducted in order to find other more efficient methods for dengue control.
Factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants for the prevention of COVID-19 in peruvian population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ccami-Bernal Fabricio , Rojas-Miliano Cristhian , Soriano-Moreno David R. , Fernández-Guzmán Daniel , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Hernández- Bustamante Enrique A. , Zamora-Huaringa Elvira G. , Nieto-Gutiérrez Wendy
Published: May 2024

Objetivos. Determinar los factores asociados al consumo de plantas medicinales como prevención de la COVID-19 en la población peruana. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó población mayor de 18 años,  residentes en Perú y sin antecedentes de enfermedad por COVID-19. Los factores asociados al consumo de plantas medicinales se evaluaron mediante un modelo de regresión de Poisson con varianzas robustas. Resultados. De 3231 participantes incluidos, el 84,6% eran jóvenes (18-29 años), el 62,7% eran mujeres y el 59,7% consumía alguna planta medicinal para prevenir la COVID-19. Los factores asociados al consumo de plantas medicinales para prevenir el contagio de COVID-19 fueron residir en la sierra peruana, haber tenido un familiar diagnosticado con COVID-19, haber tenido un familiar fallecido por COVID-19, considerar que su familia se encuentra en mayor riesgo de infección, haber usado medicamentos o dióxido de cloro paraprevenir la COVID-19, tener información médica como principal fuente de información sobre la COVID-19, pensar que las plantas medicinales son efectivas para prevenir la enfermedad COVID-19 o no estar informado sobre su eficacia. Conclusión. El 60% de los participantes reportó haber consumido alguna planta medicinal para prevenir la COVID-19. Es importante que las autoridades apliquen estrategias de comunicación sobre lo que implica el consumo de plantas medicinales, priorizando los grupos poblacionales que tienen mayores patrones de consumo.
Exploring the Potential: Smart Contracts and the Fight against Trade-Based Money Laundering in International Trade
Authors:   Fintracester Inc., Khulna, Bangladesh, Sharif Md Romel
Published: May 2024

In the evolving landscape of international trade, this comprehensive exploration delves into the paradigm shift enabled by smart contracts, challenging the traditional role of Documentary Credits (LCs). By prioritizing transparency, the article showcases how the integration of smart contracts revolutionizes proforma invoicing submission and offers a robust mechanism for scrutinizing over and under-invoicing—an entrenched tactic in Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML). The innovative concept of introducing a bidding process within smart contracts opens doors for global participation, reducing entry barriers for startups and entrepreneurs, thereby transforming poverty into prosperity. These transformative mechanisms, rooted in blockchain technology, mark a compelling shift towards combatting TBML and fostering a more inclusive and dynamic global economy.
Maternal and fetal outcomes in the absence of antenatal care: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lim Santi W. C. , Foo Sharon A. , Chan Hiu G. , Mathur Manisha
Published: May 2024

Background: Antenatal care plays a pivotal role in prevention, detection and treatment of pregnancy-related complications and in improving maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, few studies focus on higher income countries and no local studies have been done. This study aims to investigate these outcomes in unbooked pregnancies locally.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-centre cohort study of unbooked pregnant women presenting between January 2015 to December 2019. We compared indicators of maternal and perinatal outcomes between the unbooked group and women receiving routine antenatal care. Modified Poisson regression was used to test the relationship between the booking status of the pregnancy and various outcome indicators.
Results: 50,163 women delivered in the centre, 3% (n=1,525) of whom were unbooked. Unbooked women were more likely to have emergency caesarean sections and were at greater risk of delivering low birth weight babies, requiring blood transfusions (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 2.59, CI 2.17-3.1; p<0.001) and had a 3.74-time risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (CI 2.53-5.52; p<0.001). The maternal mortality rate was roughly 6 per 100,000 live births in the general population compared to 64.3 per 100,000 for the unbooked population.
Conclusions: Although the proportion of unbooked pregnancies are low, these women are more likely to have poorer outcomes and are at increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Our study highlights the importance of regular antenatal care amongst those at most risk of complications. More work is required to explore reasons for non-engagement to encourage uptake of ANC in this population.
Blastulation rate using fresh versus devitrified oocytes using homologous and heterologous sperm in an assisted reproduction clinic in a middle-income country
Authors: Hidalgo-Carrera Jaime Antonio , Lezama-Ruvalcaba Jorge L. , Salazar-Lopez Ortiz Carlos G. , Salazar-Trujillo Jose Carlos , Rodriguez-Calderon Ricardo , Tellez-Velasco Sergio , Mancilla-Hernandez Fernando
Published: May 2024

Background: Assisted reproduction has revolutionized the field of reproductive medicine, giving hope to many couples who face difficulties conceiving naturally. In this case, fresh oocytes and devitrified oocytes play a fundamental role in fertility treatments.
Methods: Descriptive, retrospective and observational study in which the records of the HISPAREP reproduction clinic of the Spanish hospital were analyzed in the period from 2020 to 2022.
Results: A total of 136 blastocysts that reached day 5 were studied compared to 8 embryos that were blocked before reaching blastulation. Of this, 76 oocytes were fresh, of which 97.4% reached day 5 (74) and the remaining two were blocked. Of the vitrified ones, a total of 68 were devitrified and of these 91.2% reached D5. Of the correctly fertilized oocytes, 96.5% (136) reached blastocysts compared to 5 that were blocked and 3 that were blocked from those that were not fertilized. Regarding the fertilization rate of fresh oocytes, a total of 76 was obtained, which is equivalent to 100%, and of the devitrified oocytes, 65 were fertilized (95.6%) and 3 were not fertilized (4.4%). With a variation of 6.2% in the blastocyst rate, between fresh and devitrified oocytes.
Conclusions: There is no significant difference in the reproductive results of fresh and vitrified oocytes. It is necessary to try to carry out more studies with a larger sample size to obtain more conclusive results. The reproductive outcomes of fresh oocytes and oocytes devitrified using fresh sperm and frozen sperm are similar. With this, fresh oocytes have a slightly higher probability of implantation.
Factors affecting the use of modern contraception among women of reproductive age in Odigbo local government area, Ondo state, Nigeria
Authors: Adeniji Oluwakemi I. , Adeniji Adetunji O.
Published: May 2024

Background: Modern contraception, one of the components of reproductive health, and an essential one for that matter, affects the health of women positively. It consists of modern contraceptive methods which are of different products or medical procedure that inhibits pregnancy following sexual intercourse. The study assessed the factors affecting the use of modern contraception among women of reproductive age in Odigbo local government area (LGA), Ondo State, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive research design was adopted for the study and the study population were women of child-bearing age between the ages of 19-45 years. A formula was used to calculate the sample size, with 420 derived, and a simple random sampling was used to select the respondents. A semi-structured instrument with its reliability tested by test re-test was used for collection of data from the respondents. The data collected was analyzed using frequency and percentage presented in tables.
Results: The study revealed a mean age of 27±1.1. Also, it revealed good knowledge (90%) and practices (65.7%) as well as positive attitude (75%) towards the use of modern contraceptives among the respondents, but these were hindered by lack of support from spouses (27.4%), belief that it promotes promiscuity (29.5%), causes infertility (22.4%) and infection (46.2%).
Conclusions: Based on these findings, there is need for male involvement in family planning matters and health education on modern contraceptives.
Fetomaternal outcome in abnormal liquor volume pregnancies
Authors: Madhuri Narra , Pal Chayan Kumar , Sharma Parthapratim
Published: May 2024

Background: Variation in the amniotic fluid reflects fetal compromise, and congenital anomalies and also may predict perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Methods: Singleton pregnancy subjects with well-established dates at ≥28 weeks of gestational age were taken into study. These subjects were ultrasonographically diagnosed to have abnormal liquor volumes. This study was a hospital-based single-center prospective observational study conducted in Midnapore medical college and hospital, west Bengal. The chi-square test was applied for statistical significance and a p<0.05 was considered to be significant.
Results: In all subjects of abnormal liquor volume, the incidence of oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios are in the proportion of 3:1 in our study. Postdated pregnancy (28.4%), hypertensive disease (16.8%), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (12.6%), and anemia (2.2%) were associated with oligohydramnios. Congenital anomalies (23.3%), GDM (16.6%), and Rh-incompatibility (3.3%) were associated with polyhydramnios. The incidence of caesarean section, meconium-stained liquor and 5-minute APGAR score <7 and NICU admission was higher in the oligohydramnios group as compared to polyhydramnios. In abnormal liquor volume, the statistical association was significant with onset of labour (p=0.00), mode of delivery (p=0.00), the colour of liquor(p-0.00), and fetal outcome (p=0.00).
Conclusions: Postdated pregnancy, IUGR, and hypertensive disorders were associated with oligohydramnios and congenital anomalies, and GDM and Rh-isoimmunization were associated with polyhydramnios. In abnormal liquor volume onset of labour, mode of delivery, the colour of the liquor, and fetal outcome were significant.