bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las mujeres en las series de ficción: el punto de vista de las mujeres
Authors: Gavilán Diana , Martínez-Navarro Gema , Ayestarán Raquel
Published: December 2019

La finalidad de esta investigación es comprender y profundizar en cómo perciben las mujeres a las mujeres protagonistas de las series de ficción, qué efecto producen en ellas y el modo en que el discurso feminista influye en sus preferencias, actitud y juicios. Se utiliza una metodología exploratoria basada en focus groups y análisis de contenido que ha permitido realizar un recorrido por diferentes series de ficción y analizar los personajes femeninos a través de la mirada de la mujer actual. Los resultados sugieren que las mujeres perciben ciertos cambios en el estereotipo de género que se presenta en las series de ficción debido a la incorporación de nuevas temáticas y problemas que son abordados desde una perspectiva que les resulta más cercana y realista. Sin embargo, las mujeres que forman parte de la audiencia de estas series reclaman una evolución aún mayor y paralela al cambio que está experimentando la sociedad en cuestiones de género. El trabajo se concluye con la identificación de limitaciones y futuras líneas de investigación.
Gesto y rango en el arte maya clásico
Authors: Velásquez García Erik
Published: December 2019

Los artistas mayas del periodo Clásico, especialmente en su fase tardía (600-800 d.C.), cristalizaron un sistema o aparato de convenciones visuales, cuya finalidad era enaltecer y glorificar la figura de sus k’uhul ajawtaak o señores divinos. El estudio de este corpus de estrategias, que apenas está en sus albores, constituye el tema de reflexión de este artículo, que por sus dimensiones no es un estudio exhaustivo, sino más bien introductorio. Éstas incluyen la división jerárquica del campo pictórico, la manipulación de escalas y volúmenes, el uso de determinada indumentaria y parafernalia política y ritual, la presencia de títulos de cargo y rango escritos en las glosas, las interacciones entre los personajes, los recursos del halo o hueco jerárquico, ángulos simultáneos de visión, principio de diferenciación, escalonamiento vertical de las figuras, actitud isocefálica entre personajes del mismo estatus, distanciamiento emocional entre el gobernante y los individuos de bajo rango y la tensión psicológica que se produce entre recursos narrativos vernáculos y hieráticos-idealizados de filiación teotihuacana, todo lo cual en su conjunto es lo que le da sentido y significado a las posturas, gestos y ademanes, que suelen resaltar sobre fondos neutros o poco recargados, donde el medio ambiente, entorno o panorama es conceptual y minimalista.
Hemoperitoneum Secondary to Liver Lobe Torsion in a Cat
Authors: Knight Rebekah , McClaran Janet Kovak
Published: December 2019

A 5 yr old male British blue shorthair cat was presented collapsed with hypotension, hypothermia, and cranial abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasound and abdominocentesis revealed hemoperitoneum and a suspected hepatic mass. Cytology of fine-needle aspirates of the mass was inconclusive, so exploratory celiotomy was performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An enlarged, hemorrhagic papillary process of the caudate lobe was identified, with twisting of the vasculature at the hilus, so a complete lobectomy was performed using a thoracoabdominal stapler. Histopathology was consistent with liver lobe torsion with no evidence of hepatocellular neoplasia identified. This report describes the first case of hemoperitoneum secondary to liver lobe torsion without evidence of hepatocellular neoplasia in a cat and demonstrates a successful outcome following surgical management with liver lobectomy.
Promove-Universitários: efeitos na promoção de interações sociais e saúde mental
Authors: Moretto Laisa Aparecida , Silva Alessandra Turini Bolsoni
Published: December 2019

Para satisfatório desempenho na universidade é relevante um repertório de habilidades sociais desenvolvido, o qual nem sempre está presente, o que pode trazer implicações para a saúde mental. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do Promove-Universitários, em estudantes de primeiro e segundo anos, valendo-se de um delineamento experimental de grupo, com medidas repetidas. Participaram catorze universitários, nove no grupo experimental e cinco no controle, distribuídos aleatoriamente, os quais eram equivalentes nas medidas iniciais. Foram aplicados instrumentos para avaliar habilidades sociais e saúde mental, cujos dados foram analisados estatisticamente nas comparações entre os grupos. Os resultados demonstraram aquisições comportamentais, estatisticamente significativas, no grupo experimental para habilidades sociais e saúde mental, que se mantiveram nas medidas de seguimento. A mesma análise entre as linhas de base 1 e 2 do grupo controle não indicou mudança estatisticamente significativa. Considerando os resultados, conclui-se que o Promove-Universitários se mostrou efetivo ao proposto.
Aseismic Refinement of Orogenic Gold Systems
Authors: Voisey Christopher R. , Willis David , Tomkins Andrew G. , Wilson Christopher J.L. , Micklethwaite Steven , Salvemini Filomena , Bougoure Jeremy , Rickard William D.A.
Published: December 2019

Orogenic Au deposits have contributed the majority of Au recovered globally throughout history. However, the mechanism that concentrates Au to extremely high bonanza grades in small domains within these deposits remains enigmatic. The volume of fluid required to provide extreme Au endowments in localized occurrences is not reflected in field observations (e.g., in the extent of quartz veining or hydrothermal alteration). Detailed optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and 3-D neutron tomography have been used to investigate the processes responsible for development of anomalously high grade ore (upward of 3% Au) found in quartz veins at Fosterville gold mine (Victoria, Australia). Distinct textural settings of visible Au include (1) Au concentrated along pressure solution seams associated with wall-rock selvages, (2) as nano- to microscale dusty Au seams parallel to pressure solution seams, and (3) in microscale tension fractures perpendicular to stylolitic seams. The distribution of Au in arsenopyrite and pyrite hosted within pressure solution seams changes as a function of the extent of deformation. Sulfides in highly deformed pressure solution seams exclusively host Au as nano- to micrometer-sized clusters within features associated with corrosion and brittle failure, whereas sulfides in mildly deformed pressure solution seams have Au bound in the crystal structure. It is proposed that Au supersaturation in fluids introduced during seismic periods led to the deposition of abundant Au nanoparticles in quartz-carbonate veins. Subsequent pressure dissolution of vein quartz and carbonate during interseismic intervals allowed for episodic increase in the Au/quartz ratio and permitted liberation and migration of Au nanoparticles, promoting Au grain growth in favorable textural settings. Galvanic corrosion and brittle fracturing of auriferous sulfides during the interseismic period allowed additional remobilization and/or enrichment of sulfide-hosted Au. Repetition of this mechanism over the time scale of deposit formation acted to concentrate Au within the lodes. This Au ore upgrading model, referred to as “aseismic refinement,” provides a new insight for the genesis of ultrarich Au mineralization and, based on textures reported from many Au deposits, may be a globally significant component in the formation of orogenic Au deposits.
Effects of Downsizing on Employee Performance of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ifeoma Anekwe Rita , Mukhtaruddin Mukhtaruddin , Prihanto J. Johny Natu
Published: December 2019

The study examines the effects of downsizing and employee performance in selected manufacturing firms in Anambra state, Nigeria. The study seeks to: ascertain the extent of relationship that exists between job insecurity and absenteeism in selected manufacturing firms. Examine the extent of relationship that exists between staff redundancy and employee turnover in selected manufacturing firms. The sources of data collection were primary and secondary sources. Structured questionnaire and interview were used to elicit vital information from the respondent. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, simple percentage and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using simple regression. The major findings revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between job insecurity on absenteeism in the studied manufacturing firms. There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between staff redundancy and employee turnover in the studied manufacturing firms. The study therefore concluded that increase in global competitiveness, together with advances in technology and ongoing changes in the environment, requires organizations to continuously adapt and be willing to change their structures, strategies, methods and practices to remain competitive.
Surface roughness and
wettability of surface densified heat-treated Norway spruce (Picea abies L.
Karst.)
Authors: Ayrilmis Nadir , Kariz Mirko , Kwon Jin Heon , Kitek Kuzman Manja
Published: December 2019

Surface roughness and wettability of the heat-treated and then surface densified spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) wood were measured to determine the effect of densification and heat-treatment on wood surface properties. The process of heat-treatment with an initial vacuum was performed in a vacuum chamber on oven dried lamellas with dimensions of 630 mm (longitudinal direction) x 45 mm (tangential direction) x 25 mm (radial direction). The lamellas were heat-treated at four different temperatures which were 170 °C, 190 °C, 210 °C and 230 °C. Control specimens were not exposed to heat-treatment. The lamellas were first heated to 100 °C, the creation of a vacuum taking 30 min at this temperature, and then heated to the desired temperature, and treated at this constant temperature for 3 h. The lamellas were then cooled down by using coils with cold water inside the chamber. Surface densification of lamellas with compression from 22 mm to 15 mm thickness was made by press platens heated at 150 °C and held in that position for 60 s. After the 1 min, the heated platen was cooled to 90 °C, whilst the specimen remained under compression to minimize immediate spring back. The total time of compression was 2 min (30 s closing, 60 s pressing and approx. 30 s cooling). In the treatment groups, the optimum treatment temperature on the one-side densified wood specimens was found to be 170 °C based on the surface roughness and wettability values. Surface densification significantly decreased the surface roughness of the wood specimens. The surface quality of wood can be improved when the wood is exposed to the heat-treatment and then surface densification.
Reseña: "La querella de realidad y realismo. Ensayos sobre literatura chilena" (2018), de Ángel Rama
Authors: Guerrero Valenzuela Claudio
Published: December 2019

Reseña: "La querella de realidad y realismo. Ensayos sobre literatura chilena" (2018), de Ángel Rama
Locura, crimen y revolución como resistencia discursiva en Los siete locos y Los lanzallamas de Roberto Arlt
Authors: Pérez Barreiro Ana Belén
Published: December 2019

Los siete locos y Los lanzallamas han sido consideradas como las novelas más importantes de la producción narrativa de Roberto Arlt. Por medio del delito y la simulación, los personajes pretenden llevar a cabo una revolución e instaurar un nuevo orden social. En este artículo, propongo que, mediante la reapropiación discursiva de la locura, la obra se erige como una forma de resistencia a los sistemas de poder. Consecuentemente, los personajes, al constituirse como sujetos marginales desde su propio discurso, desestabilizan los conceptos de crimen y revolución que se representan en ambos textos.
Reseña: "Casa en que nunca he sido extraña. Las poetas hispanoamericanas: identidades, feminismos, poéticas (Siglos XIX-XXI)" (2017), de Milena Rodríguez Gutiérrez (ed.)
Authors: Domange Bernardita
Published: December 2019

Reseña: "Casa en que nunca he sido extraña. Las poetas hispanoamericanas: identidades, feminismos, poéticas (Siglos XIX-XXI)" (2017), de Milena Rodríguez Gutiérrez (ed.)
Alien/alienígena: Barrier y la representación de la Otredad fronteriza
Authors: Marini Anna Marta
Published: December 2019

La representación de la frontera México-EE.UU. se relaciona inevitablemente con la percepción mutua del otro lado, entrelazándose con la confrontación existente entre la sociedad estadounidense y la presencia –interna y externa– de lo latino, a menudo expresada a través de impactantes metáforas visuales. Publicado en 2015, la serie cómic Barrier –por Brian K. Vaughan, Marcos Martín y Muntse Vicente– desafía el discurso institucional y mediático sobre la frontera e inmigración; pese a su giro sci-fi, su cuento refleja choques reales existentes sobre el asunto fronterizo y el conflicto entre la cultura dominante Anglo y la latina.
Los vampiros del conurbano: La calambre de Ángel Mosquito
Authors: Venturini Maria Ximena
Published: December 2019

En las últimas décadas, las nociones de espacio y lugar y el concepto general de espacialidad se han hecho prominentes tanto en las ciencias sociales como en las humanidades. Geógrafos como David Harvey y teóricos críticos como Edward Soja han llamado la atención sobre el espacio como una realidad producida simbólicamente, desde donde cuyos significados no se dan de antemano. Desde este punto focal, este trabajo estudiará la novela gráfica argentina La calambre(2017) dibujada y escrita por Ángel Mosquito. Esta es la historia de dos vampiros marginales de los suburbios de Buenos Aires. Estos vampiros, siendo cartoneros, buscan reintegrarse en la sociedad, tratando de silenciar los calambres que el hambre les produce. Propongo estudiar la representación literaria de este espacio que recodifica y reconstruye esta geografía olvidada, señalando simultáneamente la identidad cultural presente en esta área de Buenos Aires.
Materialidades, géneros y muerte: de cómo representar un episodio de la Revolución Mexicana en Pancho Villa toma Zacatecas
Authors: Irribarren Ortiz Javiera Valentina
Published: December 2019

Pancho Villa toma Zacatecas (2013), de Paco Ignacio Taibo II y Eko, recupera la batalla de Zacatecas a través de una narrativa gráfica que se mueve entre lo confesional y lo histórico. Su componente visual se encarga de actualizar diferentes tradiciones artísticas y culturales, y cuyas estéticas establecen referencias directas a la idea de muerte. Asimismo, el uso de estas estéticas, a través de diferentes registros materiales y genéricos, contribuye a representar la revolución como un proceso sistemáticamente truncado en la historia mexicana.
Del cómic a la novela gráfica: mutaciones editoriales de la historieta colombiana en el siglo XXI
Authors: Conde Aldana Juan Alberto
Published: December 2019

La expresión novela gráfica ha sido discutida extensamente tanto por autores de cómics como por críticos y teóricos. generalmente desde aproximaciones formales o históricas. En este artículo propongo una aproximación descriptiva al conjunto de producciones englobadas bajo dicha etiqueta en el contexto colombiano, país que vive en la actualidad un inusitado crecimiento editorial, y que ha encontrado en la publicación de novelas gráficas una de sus líneas más exitosas. Para ello, propongo una aproximación teórica a la expresión “novela gráfica” desde la perspectiva de los estudios editoriales (Darnton, Bhaskar), y desde la teoría de la paratextualidad de Gérard Genette, que permita mostrar cómo, desde la presencia de esta etiqueta en los entornos peritextuales y epitextuales del circuito editorial en el que se inscriben las publicaciones, la han convertido en un auténtico marco dinamizador de esta forma cultural emergente.
Introducción. El cómic: intertextualidades, discursividades y paratextos en el arte secuencial de América Latina
Authors: Pérez Cano Tania , Tullis Brittany , Merino Ana
Published: December 2019

Introducción vol. 20 (diciembre 2019)
Biolistics transformation of callus and cell suspension cultures of Capsicum annuum L. ‘Serrano’ is useful for in vitro studies of the relative contents of secondary metabolites
Authors: Brito-Sánchez Sara Cristina , Zaragoza-Pérez Fredy Alan , Olivera-Flores Teresa de Jesús , Rivero-Cruz José Fausto , Amacosta Jessica , Gutiérrez-Luna Francisca Morayna , Valencia-Turcotte Lilián Gabriela , Rodríguez-Sotres Rogelio
Published: December 2019

Capsicum annuum is a crop species of economic importance able to produce capsaicinoids, capsinoids, and pigments with nutritional and medicinal value. Methods to propagate and transform this species have been reported, but most are phenotype dependent, rely on Agrobacterium for transformation, and their success has been limited. This relates to only one commercial transgenic variety currently on trial. In the present work, we report the conditions to produce callus and cell suspension cultures of C. annuum ‘Serrano’ using commercial seeds. The culture could be induced to produce capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in detectable quantities and was amenable to transformation using biolistics. The expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase 4 fused to a fluorescent protein was demonstrated using confocal microscopy. Evidence of the integrity of the fusion was obtained by immunoblot. The transformation induced a change in the ratio of capsaicin to dihydrocapsaicin measured using high resolution direct sample analysis-mass spectrometry (DSA-MS). The method is thus useful for the study of capsaicinoid production under controlled conditions for special purposes and metabolic studies.
Physiological adaptation of modern Ukrainian preschoolers
Authors: Fedortsiv Olha , Luchyshyn Nataliia
Published: December 2019

Introduction: High demands of modern social environment to the child’s individual development are connected with their health decline and wide variation of individual capabilities. Because of such inconsistency decreased functional abilities are being observed in preschoolers. It leads mainly to health problems and developmental disorders. Body adaptive properties are considered to be the integral indicator of health. Researches find high prevalence of the lack of adaptation among children of different age groups which might lead to low quality of life.Aim of the study: The aim of the research was to estimate preschooler’s cardiovascular system functioning and the adaptation abilities based on the examples of children from Tarnopol, Ukraine.Material and methods: 170 healthy preschoolers were among the participants of the research. Anthropometry and the assessment of some hemodynamic parameters were performed to draw conclusions about the level of their cardiovascular capacity.Results: Only 54.7% of the examined children reflect the satisfactory level of cardiovascular system adaptation. The deviations mainly result from high BMI, Rate Pressure Product and abnormal reaction of the autonomic nervous system after a squatting test.Conclusions: Simple noninvasive methods (functional changes index, pulse rate and blood pressure and the indicator of arteries’ pressure) help to identify children with reduced circulatory response to stress and physical burden.
Evaluation of E-business micro and macro determinants by Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model
Authors: Remeikiene Rita , Cepel Martin , Gaspareniene Ligita
Published: December 2019

The methods employed for the research include comparative and systematic literature analysis, statistical data analysis, expert evaluation and the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model. There are several research gaps in the field of e-business: 1) there is no simplified factor model which would denote the development of e-business, including its causes and consequences, and which, due to its universality, could be adapted to any country; 2) the studies of e-business development lack a comprehensive assessment which would consider this phenomenon in both quantitative and qualitative terms.

On the basis of the theoretical analysis, a model for assessment of e-business development has been formed. The results of the empirical evaluation have revealed that in the group of micro environmental determinants development of e-business in Lithuania is, to the largest extent, determined by business managers’ motivation to reach the defined aims and their positive viewpoint that e-business may become a perfect auxiliary tool to ensure business competitiveness. In the group of macro environmental determinants, the determinants of socio-cultural environment can be indicated as the major ones that affect the development of e-business. Application of the MIMIC model has enabled to identify the following macro economical determinants (for the euro area): real effective exchange rate for the euro area; level of households with the Internet access; quantity of individuals using the Internet for ordering goods or services; government deficit/surplus; youth employment, and individuals using the Internet for interaction with public authorities.
Microbiota of Otap Head Cave
Authors: Popkova Anna , Mazina Svetlana
Published: December 2019

Investigation presents the assessment of species composition and structure of microbiota communities in the Otap Head Cave. Species were identified using standard approaches and cultivation methods. The abundance of algae and cyanobacteria was estimated applying 5-point Brown- Blank scale. Biodiversity of biofouling communities was revealed. Cyanobacteria were the dominant group of phototrophs colonizing cave wall and water streams. The most frequently documented cyanobacteria were species from genera Chroococcus, Gloeocapsa, Oscillatoria, Phormidium. Among micromycetes prevailed Ascomycetes (genera Aspergillus, Penicillum, Trichoderma). The development of so-called lamp flora around artificial lights was not observed. The presence of sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria was detected. It can indicate that a small circulation of sulfur occurs in cave at the present time.
Ethik, Politik und Ökonomie des Gemeinwohls Praktisch-philosophische Aspekte tragfähiger ›Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie‹
Authors: Ulrich Peter
Published: December 2019

Im Namen des Gemeinwohls zu sprechen fällt leicht, aber seinen normativen Gehalt im Kontext der modernen Gesellschaft zu klären ist schwierig. Der Beitrag versucht, ihn in den drei Dimensionen der praktischen Philosophie zu erhellen und auf dieser Basis zu prüfen, wie weit Christian Felbers Entwurf einer ›Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie‹ den von ihr erhobenen Anspruch zu erfüllen vermag.
Reseña de: Mínguez, Víctor (dir.), El linaje del rey monje. La configuración cultural e iconográfica de la Corona aragonensis (1164-1516)
Authors: Orts-Ruiz Francisco
Published: December 2019

Reseña de:  Mínguez, Víctor (dir.), El linaje del rey monje. La configuración cultural e iconográfica de la Corona aragonensis (1164-1516). Castelló de la Plana, Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I, 2018. ISBN: 978-84-17429-12-6. 447 pp.
“Para que esse drama?”: uma experiência de ensino de Teatro entre professores em formação
Authors: Ribeiro Everton , Guimarães Rafael Siqueira de
Published: December 2019

O intuito deste trabalho foi pesquisar sobre o drama como método de ensino de teatro, desdobrada em uma pesquisa orientada desde a ação prática. Por meio de um traçado histórico e significativo do drama – também conhecido na Inglaterra por process drama e drama in education, analisamos uma prática em pesquisa-ação desenvolvida com professores em formação a partir de uma série de episódios concebida por meio da peça A falecida, de Nelson Rodrigues, como pré-texto. O processo analisado permitiu um olhar mais aprofundado a respeito da articulação desse método de ensino anglo-saxônico com a transversalidade proposta para o currículo brasileiro. Conceitos como experiência, formação e reprodução permeiam toda a fundamentação e análise da pesquisa, bem como aqueles conceitos próprios do drama como método de ensino.
Mechanisms of Compensation of the Driver's Sense of Dimensions
Authors: Lobanova Yuliia I.
Published: December 2019

The research paper analyzes the peculiarities of training candidates for drivers for certain subtypes (components) of combined driving. The work is focused on the analysis of opportunities to improve the quality of training of drivers for such subtypes of driving as orientation on the road, which, in particular, is the basis for mastering parking manoeuvres. Based on the analysis of a number of works, less confidence of women in driving a vehicle in a limited space (as opposed to men) is shown, which is manifested in the choice of simpler tasks for this subtype of activity.
The psychological nature of the sense of dimensions is analyzed, the importance of visual sensations and long-term memory for the formation and development of this feeling is shown. The hypothesis about the possibility of compensating for the insufficiently developed and worsening with age sense of dimensions due to reliance on visual figurative memory and subject reflection is formulated.
The results of the empirical study, which found the relative independence of the level of development of linear and angular eye estimation and confidence in parking with different driving experience, are presented. The results of the analysis of the tasks for reflection of driving in a limited unstructured space by 100 drivers are presented, which confirm the hypothesis of the study: visual landmarks for parking in non-standard conditions, in percentage terms, are more often identified by older drivers with longer experience but with poorer indicators of linear and angular eye estimation, being no different in terms of parking confidence from young drivers with better eye estimation, which can be considered as a manifestation of the compensation mechanism.
Role clarity deficiencies can wreck agile teams
Authors: Barke Helena , Prechelt Lutz
Published: December 2019

Background

One of the twelve agile principles is to build projects around motivated individuals and trust them to get the job done. Such agile teams must self-organize, but this involves conflict, making self-organization difficult. One area of difficulty is agreeing on everybody’s role.

Background

What dynamics arise in a self-organizing team from the negotiation of everybody’s role?

Method

We conceptualize observations from five agile teams (work observations, interviews) by Charmazian Grounded Theory Methodology.

Results

We define role as something transient and implicit, not fixed and named. The roles are characterized by the responsibilities and expectations of each team member. Every team member must understand and accept their own roles (Local role clarity) and everbody else’s roles (Team-wide role clarity). Role clarity allows a team to work smoothly and effectively and to develop its members’ skills fast. Lack of role clarity creates friction that not only hampers the day-to-day work, but also appears to lead to high employee turnover. Agile coaches are critical to create and maintain role clarity.

Conclusions

Agile teams should pay close attention to the levels of Local role clarity of each member and Team-wide role clarity overall, because role clarity deficits are highly detrimental.
Exploring snake occurrence records: Spatial biases and marginal gains from accessible social media
Authors: Marshall Benjamin M. , Strine Colin T.
Published: December 2019

A species’ distribution provides fundamental information on: climatic niche, biogeography, and conservation status. Species distribution models often use occurrence records from biodiversity databases, subject to spatial and taxonomic biases. Deficiencies in occurrence data can lead to incomplete species distribution estimates. We can incorporate other data sources to supplement occurrence datasets. The general public is creating (via GPS-enabled cameras to photograph wildlife) incidental occurrence records that may present an opportunity to improve species distribution models. We investigated (1) occurrence data of a cryptic group of animals: non-marine snakes, in a biodiversity database (Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)) and determined (2) whether incidental occurrence records extracted from geo-tagged social media images (Flickr) could improve distribution models for 18 tropical snake species. We provide R code to search for and extract data from images using Flickr’s API. We show the biodiversity database’s 302,386 records disproportionately originate from North America, Europe and Oceania (250,063, 82.7%), with substantial gaps in tropical areas that host the highest snake diversity. North America, Europe and Oceania averaged several hundred records per species; whereas Asia, Africa and South America averaged less than 35 per species. Occurrence density showed similar patterns; Asia, Africa and South America have roughly ten-fold fewer records per 100 km2than other regions. Social media provided 44,687 potential records. However, including them in distribution models only marginally impacted niche estimations; niche overlap indices were consistently over 0.9. Similarly, we show negligible differences in Maxent model performance between models trained using GBIF-only and Flickr-supplemented datasets. Model performance appeared dependent on species, rather than number of occurrences or training dataset. We suggest that for tropical snakes, accessible social media currently fails to deliver appreciable benefits for estimating species distributions; but due to the variation between species and the rapid growth in social media data, may still be worth considering in future contexts.
A Personal Sound Amplification Product Compared to a Basic Hearing Aid for Speech Intelligibility in Adults with Mild-to-Moderate Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Choi Ji Eun , Kim Jinryoul , Yoon Sung Hoon , Hong Sung Hwa , Moon Il Joon
Published: December 2019

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to compare functional hearing with the use of a personal sound amplification product (PSAP) or a basic hearing aid (HA) among sensorineural hearing impaired listeners.Subjects and Methods: Nineteen participants with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) (26-55 dB HL; pure-tone average, 0.5-4 kHz) were prospectively included. No participants had prior experience with HAs or PSAPs. Audiograms, speech intelligibility in both quiet and noisy environments, speech quality, and preference were assessed in three different listening conditions: unaided, with the HA, and with the PSAP. Results: The use of PSAP was associated with significant improvement in pure-tone thresholds at 1, 2, and 4 kHz compared to the unaided condition (all p <0.01). In the quiet environment, speech intelligibility was significantly improved after wearing a PSAP compared to the unaided condition (p <0.001), and this improvement was better than the result obtained with the HA. The PSAP also demonstrated similar improvement in the most comfortable levels compared to those obtained with the HA (p <0.05). However, there was no significant improvement of speech intelligibility in a noisy environment when wearing the PSAP (p =0.160). There was no significant difference in the reported speech quality produced by either device or in participant preference for the PSAP or HA. Conclusions: The current result suggests that PSAPs provide considerable benefits to speech intelligibility in a quiet environment and can be a good alternative to compensate for mild-to-moderate SNHL.
EARNING QUALITY AND TAX PLANNING: EVIDENCE ON INDONESIA LISTED COMPANY
Authors: Trisanti Theresia
Published: December 2019

This study aims at determining the effect of tax planning, profit growth and firm size on earnings quality and also to test the effect of tax planning as moderating variable to influence of profit growth, size and earnings quality. This research is different from previous research, the difference is that this research makes tax planning as a moderation so that it can see whether tax planning can strengthen or weaken the influence of profit growth and firm size on earnings quality.The data used is secondary data from Indonesian listed manufacturing companies, hypothesis testing using regression model with partial least square test. This study shows that profit growth directly affects earnings quality and firm size does not affect earnings quality, but after being moderated by tax planning the size of the company has a significant effect on earnings quality. This research finding add understanding in assessing earnings quality with the influence of tax planning so that it can be used as a decision-making consideration.
On Modelling and Solving Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Multi-Trips and Multi-Products
Authors: Setiawan Fran , Masruroh Nur Aini , Pramuditha Zita Iga
Published: December 2019

Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a model to determine an optimal routing plan for a fleet of homogeneous vehicles to serve a set customer which some operational constraints are satisfied. In most practical distribution problems, customer demands are served using heterogeneous fleet of vehicles. This kind of VRP is called Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP). HVRP has evolved into a rich research area because of its practical. There were many studies of rich extensions of the standar HVRP. This research aims to enrich the extentions of HVRP which is motivated by real case in one of pharmacy distribution company in Indonesia which is delivered multi-products to its 55 customers by allowing some vehicles which has small capacity to perform multi-trips. This problem is called Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Multi-Trips and Multi-Products (HVRPMTMP).The mixed integer linear programming is developed based on four-index vehicle flow formulation. The model can be used generally in the same context of distribution problem. HVRPMTMP is generally NP-Hard problem, so the computational time using branch and bound in LINGO 16.0 is increasing exponentially by increasing the number of customers. Genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the real case. The result of the proposed GA can reduce the total cost from Rp 352540.6,- to Rp 180555,- or 48.78% from the current company policy.
High ctDNA molecule numbers relate with poor outcome in advanced ER+, HER2− postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with everolimus and exemestane
Authors: Kruger Dinja T. , Jansen Maurice P.H.M. , Konings Inge R.H.M. , Dercksen Wouter M. , Jager Agnes , Oulad Hadj Jamal , Sleijfer Stefan , Martens John W.M. , Boven Epie
Published: December 2019

We determined whether progression‐free survival (PFS) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients receiving everolimus plus exemestane (EVE/EXE) varies depending on circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) characteristics. Baseline plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) from 164 postmenopausal women with ER‐positive, HER2‐negative MBC refractory to a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor and treated with standard EVE/EXE (Everolimus Biomarker Study, Eudract 2013‐004120‐11) was characterised for 10 relevant breast cancer genes by next‐generation sequencing with molecular barcoding. ctDNA molecule numbers, number of mutations and specific variants were related with PFS and overall survival (OS). Missense hotspot mutations in cfDNA were detected in 125 patients. The median of 54 ctDNA molecules per mL plasma distinguished patients with high and low/no ctDNA load. Patients with low/no ctDNA load (N = 102) showed longer median PFS of 5.7 months (P = 0.006) and OS of 124.8 months (P = 0.008) than patients with high ctDNA load (N = 62; 4.4 months and 107.7 months, respectively) in multivariate analyses. Patients with < 3 specific mutations (N = 135) had longer median PFS of 5.4 months compared to those with ≥ 3 mutations (3.4 months; P < 0.001). In conclusion, MBC patients with low/no ctDNA load or < 3 hotspot mutations experience longer PFS while treated with EVE/EXE.
Advances in Small and Wide‐AngleX‐Ray Scattering from Proteins and Macromolecular Solutions
Authors: Spilotros Alessandro , Gruzinov Andrey , Svergun Dmitri I.
Published: December 2019

Small‐angle scattering of X‐rays (SAXS) is an established method for low‐resolution structural characterization of native biological macromolecules and soft matter objets in solution. Recent progress in instrumentation (most notably, high brilliance synchrotron sources) and novel data analysis methods significantly enhanced the capabilities of the technique for the structure research. SAXS allows one to study the overall static structure and conformational changes in response to variations in external conditions or ligand binding and is able of providing structural information about partially or completely disordered systems. Extending the data collection to wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) allows one not only to resolve the overall size and shape of proteins and complexes but also to probe the fold and to analyze subtle structural transitions. In this article, we present the basic aspects of theory and instrumentation as well as the major modeling techniques used in data analysis and interpretation of macromolecular solutions. A brief account of small‐angle neutron scattering technique (SANS) is also presented showing its complementarity to SAXS. Selected applications of SAXS and WAXS to different types of macromolecular solutions are presented including the analysis of dynamic multicomponent equilibria, characterization of flexible systems, and time‐resolved studies.
F
rancisellaceae
Authors: Qu Ping‐Hua , Salam Nimaichand , Li Wen‐Jun
Published: December 2019

Fran.ci.sel.la.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Francisella
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Francisellaceae
the family of the genus
Francisella
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Thiotrichales / Francisellaceae

Pleomorphic short, rod shaped, or coccoid. Gram‐negative, faintly staining. Endospores are not produced. Nonmotile. Aerobic. Produce acid from
d
‐glucose. Cysteine is required for, or enhances, growth. Weakly catalase‐positive. Fatty acids in the cell membranes predominantly contain C
10:0
, C
16:0
, C
16:0
3‐OH, C
18:0
3‐OH, and C
18:1
ω9
c
. Polar lipids typically consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. The respiratory quinone is ubiquinone Q8. The family belongs to the class
Gammaproteobacteria
, and currently accommodates the genera
Francisella
and
Allofrancisella
. Members of the family were isolated from natural fresh and salty water, man‐made water systems, and a wide range of animal species, including man, rodents, lagomorphs, birds, farmed and wild fish, shellfish, and blood‐sucking insects and ticks. The highly pathogenic
Francisella tularensis
strains are the etiological agents of tularemia, and are transmissible to a wide range of animal species, including human.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 30–36.

Type genus
:
Francisella
Dorofe'ev 1947, 176
AL
.
Frankia
Authors: Normand Philippe , Fernandez Maria P.
Published: December 2019

Fran.ki.a. N.L. fem. n.Frankianamed after Albert Bernhard Frank (1839–1900), a Swiss plant biologist, who studied extensively nitrogen nutrition in legumes and the microorganisms causing root nodulation from 1877 to 1892 and who coined the term “symbiosis.”

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Frankiales / Frankiaceae / Frankia

A group of soil‐inhabiting mesophilic, mostly nitrogen‐fixing, organisms in symbiosis with pioneer plants collectively called “actinorhizal plants” in orders Cucurbitales, Fagales, and Rosales.Frankiaisolates have branched septate hyphae, multilocular sporangia, and for the most part vesicles or diazo‐vesicles, specialized cells where nitrogen fixation takes place. AllFrankiastrains sporulate in culture, but only some genotypes maintain the capacity to form abundant sporangia within plant cells. Around 50% of endophyticFrankiahave resisted isolation. Growth is slow, and it took a long time to obtain isolates after decades of unsuccessful attempts. Isolates are mostly white, sometimes pigmented, have mostly simple growth requirements, and can fix nitrogen in pure culture or in symbiotic nodules except for a small number of nonsymbiotic isolates. The genus comprises 11 species and 2 candidatus grouped into four phylogenetic clusters at the root of aerobic actinobacteria.

DNA G+C content (mol%): 67.9–72.8.

Type species:Frankia alni(Woronin 1866) Von Tubeuf 1895AL.
H
aloferax
Authors: Ventosa Antonio , de la Haba Rafael R. , Sánchez‐Porro Cristina
Published: December 2019

Ha.lo.fe'rax. Gr. n.
hals, halos
salt; L. neut. adj.
ferax
fertile; N.L. neut. n.
Haloferax
salt (requiring) and fertile.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Haloferacales / Haloferacaceae / Haloferax

The genus
Haloferax
is classified within the family
Haloferacaceae
and the order
Haloferacales
, in the class
Halobacteria
. The cells are extremely pleomorphic (most commonly flattened disks or cups) and stain Gram‐negative. Nonmotile or motile; motility often difficult to observe. Colonies are red to red‐orange, red‐pink, or beige‐orange pigmented and may have a mucoid appearance. They are neutrophilic (optimal growth at pH 6.5–8.0) and extremely halophilic Archaea, growing in media containing 1.0–5.1 M NaCl. The polar lipids are characterized by the presence of C
20
C
20
glycerol diether derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester (PGP‐Me), sulfated diglycosyl diether (S‐DGD‐1), and DGD‐1 and the absence of phosphatidylglycerol sulfate (PGS). The DNA G + C content is between 59.1 and 65.5 mol%. Currently, the genus includes 13 species:
Haloferax volcanii
(type species of the genus),
Haloferax alexandrinus
,
Haloferax chudinovii
,
Haloferax denitrificans
,
Haloferax elongans
,
Haloferax gibbonsii
,
Haloferax larsenii
,
Haloferax lucentense, Haloferax mediterranei, Haloferax mucosum, Haloferax namakaokahaiae, Haloferax prahovense
, and
Haloferax sulfurifontis
. The strains of these species were isolated from salt lakes, salterns, and other saline habitats.

DNA G
+
C content (mol
%
)
: 59.1–65.5. The DNA may contain major and minor components.

Type species
:
Haloferax volcanii
Torreblanca et al. 1986, VL22 (Basonym:
Halobacterium volcanii
Mullakhanbhai and Larsen 1975).
D
esulfomonile
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan
Published: December 2019

De.sul.fo.mo.ni'le. L. pref.
de
, from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; N.L. pref.
desulfo
‐, prefix used to characterize a dissimilatory sulfate‐reducing prokaryote; L. neut. n.
monile
, a necklace, a collar; N.L. neut. n.
Desulfomonile
, a “collared” sulfate‐reducer.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfomonilia / Desulfomonilales / Desulfomonilaceae / Desulfomonile

Single rod‐shaped cells with rounded ends, 0.5–0.7 × 3–10 µm, each containing an invagination of the cell wall that resembles a collar. Cells may be slightly curved or bent at the collar region. Endospores not formed. Gram‐stain‐negative. Nonmotile. Strict anaerobe. A medium containing a reducing agent is required for growth. Chemoorganoheterotrophs with a respiratory and sometimes a fermentitative type of metabolism. Growth as chemolithoautotrophs remains inconclusive though carbon monoxide dehydrogenase activity and genome data indicate complete oxidation of organic compounds and
de novo
acetate synthesis via Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. Simple organic compounds such as lactate, pyruvate, and benzoate are used as electron donors and carbon sources. In addition, methoxy groups of aromatic compounds might be used. H
2
plus CO
2
might be used alone for growth by the type species. Another species uses H
2
plus CO
2
mixture or formate for growth by reductive dechlorination. Possess a respiratory type of metabolism with sulfur oxyanions reduced to H
2
S or
meta
‐halobenzoates reduced to dehalogenated products. Fermentation might occur as well. One species can grow by disproportionation of thiosulfate in the presence of acetate (
Desulfomonile tiedjei
). Mesophilic. Optimal growth temperature 37°C. Neutrophilic. Optimal growth pH, 6.8–7.2. Growth in a mineral medium requires vitamins; the type species also requires 1,4‐naphthoquinone. Occur in sewage sludge and marine sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 50.1 (genome).

Type species
:
Desulfomonile tiedjei
DeWeerd, Mandelco, Tanner, Woese and Suflita 1991, 178
VP
(Effective publication: DeWeerd, Mandelco, Tanner, Woese and Suflita 1990, 28).
E
ffusibacillus
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Kojima Hisaya
Published: December 2019

Ef.fu.si.ba.cil'lus. L. masc. adj.,
effusus
disorderly; N.L. masc. n.
bacillus
small rod, N.L. masc. n.
Effusibacillus
disorderly rod, referring to the various lengths of cells.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Alicyclobacillaceae / Effusibacillus

Endospore‐forming rods. Spherical endospores are observed in a terminal position. Gram‐stain‐positive, but one species is Gram‐stain‐variable. Colonies are cream or beige colored. Facultatively anaerobic or strictly aerobic. Thermophilic or mesophilic, with the optimum growth temperatures ranging from 30 to 55°C. Neutrophilic or moderately acidophilic, with the optimum pH 5.5–7.5. Catalase‐negative. Oxidase reaction is variable among species. Chemoorganotrophic. Sugar compounds are utilized for growth. Acid production from some carbohydrates is observed in two species. One species reduces nitrate to nitrite in the presence of organic acid. Branched fatty acids are the major cellular fatty acids. Alicyclic fatty acids are not detected. Menaquinone‐7 is the predominant respiratory quinone. Members of the genera
Tumebacillus
and
Alicyclobacillus
are the closest relatives of
Effusibacillus
species. Isolated from freshwater lake sediment, geothermal soil, and human blood sample.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 47–55.1 (HPLC, genome).

Type species
:
Effusibacillus lacus
Watanabe, Kojima and Fukui 2014, 2773
VP
.
S
alinithrix
Authors: Amoozegar Mohammad Ali , Mehrshad Maliheh
Published: December 2019

Sa.li'ni.thrix. L. pl. fem. n.
salinae
a saltern; Gr. fem. n.
thrix
a hair; N.L. fem. n.
Salinithrix
a saltern hair.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Thermoactinomycetaceae / Salinithrix

The genus
Salinithrix
is classified within the family
Thermoactinomycetaceae
of the order
Bacillales
in the class
Bacilli
. The cells are filamentous and pleomorphic, from small rods to filamentous aerial mycelium, and Gram‐stain‐positive. The reverse sides of colonies are pale yellow to moderate olive green. Strictly aerobic, moderately halophilic, and thermotolerant bacterium, grows in media containing 1–15% (w/v) NaCl at temperatures of 30–50°C with optimum growth at 3–5% (w/v) NaCl and 40°C. Chemoorganotrophic, a number of sugars, organic acids, alcohol, and amino acids are used as sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy sources. Acid is produced from
d
‐glucose. Catalase and oxidase positive. Polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, two unidentified phospholipids, and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The major menaquinone is MK‐6, but MK‐7 is also present. Phylogenetically related to the genera “Trigonala”,
Desmospora, Paludifilum
, and
Marininema
within the family
Thermoactinomycetaceae
. Currently, the genus includes a single species.
Salinithrix halophila
is the type species of the genus that was isolated from a soil sample collected around the Inche‐Broun hypersaline wetland in the north of Iran.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 52.6 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Salinithrix halophila
Zarparvar et al. 2014, 4118
VP
.