bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropocene Cyclogenesis over Bay of Bengal, Prediction by SMOreg, and Odisha Coast Landfall
Authors: Mishra Siba Prasad , ojha ananta charan , Sahu Deepak kumar
Published: April 2022

Background
Recurrent tropical cyclones of thermal origin in the Bay of Bengal have regular damage to the 480km Odisha coasts of the east coast of India. The causes are violent wind, torrential rain, and storm surge inundations. The high sea surface temperature (> 270C), relative humidity, wind shear, Coriolis force, preexisting disturbances, warm oceanic current, easterly trade wind, and upper air cyclonic circulation. Odisha receives a lion’s share of the cyclogenesis of the Bay of Bengal and is shattering the coastal inhabitants and the ecosystem.
Methodology and Results:
The cyclone data of India Meteorological Department from 1891 to 2020, post-Holocene, pre-Anthropocene, and golden spike periods are analyzed statistically. The categorization, naming, cause of ample cyclogenesis in the Bay of Bengal particularly along Odisha coast are discussed in the present study. The geological stratification, meteorological players, and coastal features of Odisha coast are discussed. The trend in CD’s, CS, and SCS has been studied and prediction of these storms that shall brew and grow over Bay of Bengal fabric from 1980 to 2021, (during the golden spike period of the Anthropocene period) by using Linear regression and SMOreg soft computing machine learning model has been forecasted.
Conclusions
The decrease in cyclogenesis frequency but increase in amplitude, intensity, and severity is the present trend along with a southerly shift of landfall along the east coast. The reason is that the southwest monsoon brings with it high wind shear, which hinders cyclone development, and variation in wind layer shear.
Chinese dentists' use of teledentistry and its influencing factors - A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Zheng , wu kan , li weiming , tang tian , Yin Wei
Published: April 2022

Background We investigated the factors influencing the utilization of teledentistry among dentists to improve the effective use of teledentistry in clinical work. Further, we provided suggestions to promote the development and improvement of teledentistry in the dental industry. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study using an electronic survey in a sample of Chinese dental professionals. We designed 17 electronic questionnaires to evaluate the basic information of the dentists and four areas of perception in dentists: knowledge and attitude of the teledentistry, medical needs, teledentistry participation satisfaction and telemedicine use. We summarized the survey results using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results 601 dental professionals participated in the study. 90.8% of dentists were aware of teledentistry, but only 51.7% agreed that teledentistry was effective in practice. The utilization rate of teledentistry was 59.1% in the previous year. The factors affecting teledentistry use were gender (OR=1.57, P<0.05), daily working hours (OR=1.86, P<0.05), level of knowledge (OR=2.50, P<0.05), consultation needs (OR=0.46, P<0.05), technology (OR=1.90, P<0.05) and network (OR=1.86, P<0.05). Conclusion Teledentistry should be combined with digital dental technology (e.g. 3D printing and CAD/CAM), visualization technology (e.g. VR/AR) and 5G technology to provide dentists with better technical standards and network transmission to help diagnose and treat patients. Simultaneously, we should pay attention to the associated factors such as understanding the degree of teledentistry, relevant demographic and sociological characteristics and working hours. Considering the current progress, we should optimize the process and efficiency in the teledentistry to increase its utilization among dentists.
The H9c2(2-1) cell-based sulforhodamine B assay is a non-animal alternative to evaluate municipal wastewater quality over time
Authors: Rodrigues Elsa T , Pereira Eduarda , Oliveira Paulo J , Pardal Miguel A
Published: April 2022

In the context of alternatives to animal testing, and since wastewater composition is highly variable, depending on time, day of the week and season, the present study validates the potential of the H9c2(2 − 1) cell-based sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay to evaluate the temporal variability of municipal wastewater. The impact of effluent disposal on water quality was also assessed using indicators of possible nutrient enrichment in the receiving water, and by determining ammonium, pH, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids and nine metal elements. Since rainwater can enter the municipal wastewater collection system and possibly alter toxicity, precipitation data was considered, as well as the number of new Covid-19 cases per week in the municipality. Moreover, the efficiency of the wastewater treatment process was evaluated as both raw influent and treated effluent samples were analysed. Results revealed that the H9c2(2 − 1) cell-based SRB assay appears to have an enormous potential to evaluate the temporal variability of municipal effluents, to discriminate influent and effluent toxic characteristics, as well as to study Covid-19 progression. We were able to trace the development of this pandemic by relating positive rates (wastewater may also reflect asymptomatic individuals), a crucial metric for understanding the development of a pandemic, with the selected alternative in vitro platform. Finally, the gathered results alerted to the impact of phosphates in the aquatic environment, leading us to recommend the inclusion of this parameter in regulatory assessments of wastewater discharges.
Polypyrimidine Tract-binding Protein 2 is a Potential Treated Target in Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur Mice
Authors: Xiong Zhenrong , Li Xinming , Yang Dejiang , Xiong Chongyu , Zhou Qi
Published: April 2022

The function of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2) is the regulator of neuronal fate during central nervous system development. The possible relationship between the PTBP2 and the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) hasn’t been known. In this study, we observed and analyzed the expression and distribution of PTBP2, as well as the possible relationship between PTBP2 expression and distribution and the neural cell death in both SOD1 wild-type (WT) and Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur (TG) mice applying the immunofuorescence analysis and western blot analysis. Our data demonstrated that the PTBP2 expression and distribution significantly increased in the AH, the LH, and the surrounding CC region at the pre-onset, onset, and progression phases of ALS. PTBP2 protein isn't just expressed in mature neurons, yet additionally, in neuronal precursor cells, astrocytes, microglia. The increment of PTBP2 distribution was closely related to the death of neural cells at the development of ALS. PTBP2-expressing motor neurons were lost during the ALS disease process. Together, these results defined PTBP2 as a candidate therapeutic target for ALS, providing novel insights into mechanisms of vulnerability to motor neurons in ALS.
Curcumin Delivery by Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Capped by Chitosan Glycerol Phosphate Hydrogel: Characterization and Cytotoxicity Effects
Authors: Rashidi Ladan , Ganji Fariba , Asadian Mitra
Published: April 2022

In this work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized and loaded by curcumin (MSNs-CU) and capped by chitosan glycerol phosphate hydrogel (CS/βGH/MSNs-CU). Both of CS/βGH/MSNs-CU and MSNs-CU were characterized and analyzed, then, the cell viability of epithelial breast tumor cells (MCF-7) and healthy primary human mammary fibroblasts (HPHMF) treated by these nanocarriers, free-CU and the CU dispersed in CS/βGH hydrogel were studied. The CU release of CS/βGH, CS/βGH/MSNs-CU, and MSNs-CU was studied in the simulated body fluid (SBF) and results showed CU release from CS/GP/CU, MSNs-CU and CS/βGP/MSNs-CU was 4, 13.19, 8.87% after 24h, respectively. Optimum loading and encapsulation efficiency percentages of CU into MSNs were obtained 25% and 99% in 24 h, respectively. The MTT assay showed MSNs, MSNs-CU, CU, CS/βGP, CS/βGP/CU, CS/βGP/MSNs-CU had no influence on HPHMF cells. Also, free-CU, MSNs-CU showed cytotoxicity in the concentrations upper than 100 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL against MCF-7 cells after 24h, respectively. No reduction of MCF-7 cell viability was observed in treated cells by CS/βGP/CU and CS/βGP/MSNs-CU after 24h or 48 h which can be attributed to trapping of CU in the cohesive network of hydrogel formed, thus, release of CU was so slowly in the treated cells or SBF.
Quality of life and pain perception among elderly people: a cross-sectional study with a tribal community population
Authors: Huang Chih-Yang , Ho Tsung-Jung , Chen Wan-Jing , Chen Jhong-Kuei , Zheng Sheng-Huai , Kao Hui-Chuan
Published: April 2022

Background
Elderly population has increased in worldwide and quality of life (QOL) become an crucial indicator to improve elders’ life. Pain perception as an important factor of QOL, but the impact on elderly population remains unclear.
Methods
This study aims to investigate the quality of life and pain perception of the elderly population at Tribal community based on care center in Hualien (Taiwan). This study involved a cross-sectional investigation and used Pain Verbal Rating Scale and WHO QOL-BREF Taiwan Edition survey pain perception and QOL according to the the questionnaire. ANOVA, Independent Sample t test and Chi-square test were used to investigate the differences between demographic variables and the QOL. Further, the correlation between pain perception and the QOL were assessed using Multiple Regression analysis.
Results
Subjects average age were 70.85 years old. Females, literate, no spouse or co-habitant and those who did not feel a good sleep quality were the majority. Most of the subjects reported mild pain in the previous months, and the average overall QOL score was 56.56 that suggested a moderate QOL for subject’s. There was a significant difference between pain perception and race; the overall QOL significantly varied depending on race, marital status, sleep quality and pain perception. The overall QOL regression model was correlated to race, marital status, pain perception and sleep quality, that explained the 15% explanatory variable of overall QOL. This study implicated that there exists significant differences in pain perception and QOL amongst dissimliar races and ethnicity. Ethnic groups represented as one of the confounding factors that modulated pain perception and QOL amongst elderly population. Besides, marital status, pain perception, sleep quality were significantly attributed to QOL.
Conclusion
Based on our findings, we suggest that different care measures based on above influencing factors should be considered to improve the QOL for elderly individuals.
Evaluation of the influence of posterior tibial slope on sagittal knee alignment on single-leg standing radiographs
Authors: Hiranaka Yoshiaki , Muratsu Hirotsugu , Tsubosaka Masanori , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Maruo Akihiro , Miya Hidetoshi , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsushita Takehiko
Published: April 2022

Posterior tibial slope (PTS) has been known to contribute to anterior-posterior knee stability and play an essential biomechanical role in knee kinematics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PTS on single-leg standing sagittal knee alignment of the intact knee. This study included 100 patients with unilateral ACL injury knee (ACL injury group, 53 patients) or with the normal knee (control group, 47 patients). The single-leg standing sagittal alignment of the unaffected knees of the ACL injury group and normal knees of the control group were assessed radiographically with the following parameters: knee extension angle (EXT), PTS, PTS to the horizontal line (PTS-H), femoral shaft anterior tilt to the vertical axis (FAT), and tibial shaft anterior tilt to the vertical axis (TAT). PTS was negatively correlated with EXT and positively correlated with TAT. EXT was significantly larger in the ACL injury group, whereas TAT was smaller in the ACL injury group. Patients with larger PTS tend to stand with a higher knee flexion angle by tilting the tibia anteriorly, possibly reducing tibial shear force. Patients with ACL injury tend to stand with larger EXT, i.e., there is less preventive alignment to minimize the tibial shear force.
In-home environment for happy ageing in Thailand, a middle- income country in Asia
Authors: Pekalee Alongkorn , Gray Rossarin Soottipong
Published: April 2022

Background
The fact that housing can play a critical role in maintaining the health and independence related to happiness of the older population has been studied in more developed countries. However, research on the effect of housing conditions on happiness is rare in less developed countries. This study aimed to construct and test a structural equation model describing the structural relationship among personal aspects (living alone and physical disability), in-home environment, and happiness, controlling for other generally-acknowledged determinants such as age, gender, marital status, education and income, among older adults in Thailand.
Methods
The data on the population age 75 years or over were extracted from the 2017 Survey of Older Persons in Thailand, carried out by the Thai National Statistical Office (n = 7,829). Data were analyzed using AMOS Version 18.
Results
The median age of the sample population was 79. Almost 60 percent were women. About one in six (16.7 percent) lived alone and three out of five had no physical disability. Housing conditions, particularly in the sleeping place and toilet/bathroom needed to be improved. The structural equation model showed a good fit with the data, χ2 = 302.397 (p < .001), goodness of fit index (GFI) = .964, normed fit index (NFI) = .959, comparative fit index (CFI) = .964, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .10. In-home environment had a significantly positive effect on older adults’ happiness (path coefficient = .235, p < .001). Physical disability had a significantly positive effect on in-home environment (path coefficient = .113, p < .001).
Conclusions
Interventions to improve happiness of older adults, particularly those with physical disability, should aim to adapt their housing, including sleeping place and toilet design.
Community engagement and context in setting up a multi-faceted longitudinal intervention in rural India: The Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative
Authors: Prabhu Manohar Prasad , Suryanarayana Kumar Gavali , Ghattu Krishnaveni , Adiga Nagabharana TK , Joseph Shama , Rizwana Azeez , Bhat Gurudath , Naika Girisha , Ninganayaka Susheela , Mathews Stephen , Shah Prakeshkumar , Sellen Daniel , Kalyanaraman Kumaran , Nagaraj Kiran , Fall Caroline HD
Published: April 2022

The Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative programme is a ten-year joint initiative consisting of four separate but harmonised intervention studies in Mysore (India), Johannesburg (South Africa), Shanghai (China) and two provinces in Canada. They will test evidence-based multi-faceted interventions spanning from preconception into the postnatal period, to improve maternal, infant and child health, including cardiometabolic and neurocognitive well-being. Similar to the other studies, the India study was based on developmental origins of health and disease principles. However, it had to be adapted to fit in with the local socio-cultural context and government policy. We considered the contextual factors in our setting and undertook extensive engagement and formative work with the local community to develop the intervention package and plan delivery methods. This article describes the process we adopted to set up the India project, develop the intervention package and delivery methods.
Clinical Subtype, Treatment Response, and Survival in De Novo and Recurrent Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: File Danielle , Pascual Tomas , Deal Allison , Wheless Amy , Perou Charles , Dees E. Claire , Carey Lisa Anne
Published: April 2022

Purpose. This study evaluated whether patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have superior outcomes compared to those with recurrent MBC in a contemporary treatment era and examined factors related to outcome differentials.Methods. Using an institutional database, we examined patient and tumor characteristics, treatment response, and outcome among 232 patients with de novo and 612 patients with recurrent MBC diagnosed between 2011-2017.Results. De novo MBC had 9-month (m) longer overall survival (OS) than recurrent MBC (36.4 vs 27.4m, p<0.001). Contributions to this difference included nearly two-fold more HER2-positive (29.3% vs 15.2%) and significantly fewer triple negative breast cancers (20.3% vs 32.4%, both p<0.001) in de novo compared with recurrent MBC cohorts. Stratified by clinical subtype, progression-free survival (PFS) on first-line therapy was significantly longer in de novo MBC in all but the triple negative subtype: 25.5 vs 11.6m (p<0.001) among 390 patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, 11.4 vs 5.4m (p=0.002) among 142 patients with HER2-positive, and 4.0 vs 3.0m (p=0.121) among 162 with triple negative MBC. In multivariable analysis, de novo status remained independently associated with improved OS (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.49-0.80), regardless of subtype and other features. Conclusion. Patients with de novo MBC have better outcomes than those with recurrent MBC. Differences in clinical subtype and response to therapy in the metastatic setting contribute to, but do not fully explain, this difference. Longer PFS to first-line therapy in de novo MBC suggests biologic differences compared to recurrent MBC, which may be intrinsic or due to acquired resistance from treatment for prior localized breast cancer in recurrent disease.
Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are exposed to high diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species infecting fox-derived Ixodes ticks in west-central Poland
Authors: Wodecka Beata , Michalik Jerzy , Grochowalska Renata
Published: April 2022

Background: The red fox, Vulpes vulpes is the most widely distributed terrestrial carnivore species in Europe, which is parasitized by exophilic as well as nidicolous Ixodes ticks. However, the role of these canids and their tick fauna in the maintenance of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) is still insufficiently understood. Results: A total of 1,583 ticks were removed from ears of 120 infested animals and were identified to species using a nested PCR targeting the ITS2 and cox1 fragments of Ixodes DNA. Ixodes kaiseri prevailed (76%), followed by I. canisuga (12%), I. ricinus (10%), and I. hexagonus (2%). In total, 32.4% of 943 ticks yielded Borrelia DNA and ten species of B. burgdorferi s.l. complex were identified. Borrelia garinii and B. afzelii composed 70% of all infections. The other eight species included B. americana, B. bissettiae, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), B. californiensis, B. carolinensis, B. lanei, B. spielmanii, and B. valaisiana. Analysis of 229 foxes showed that 25% were infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. Borrelia garinii was detected in 91% of the infected animals, including 31% of mixed infections with B. afzelii, the second most prevalent species, followed by B. spielmanii. Conclusions: The clear predominance of B. garinii in PCR-positive animals and infected larval ticks (38.1%), suggests that this spirochete and B. afzelii are preferentially associated with these wild canids. Although red foxes are exposed to high diversity of B. burgdorferi s.l. species found in engorged Ixodes ticks, their reservoir competence for most of them appears to be low.
dcHiC: differential compartment analysis of Hi-C datasets
Authors: Chakraborty Abhijit , Wang Jeffrey , Ay Ferhat
Published: April 2022

Compartmental organization of chromatin and its changes play important roles in distinct biological processes carried out by mammalian genomes. However, differential compartment analyses have been mostly limited to pairwise comparisons and with main focus on only the compartment flips (e.g., A-to-B). Here, we introduce dcHiC, which utilizes quantile normalized compartment scores and a multivariate distance measure to identify significant changes in compartmentalization among multiple contact maps. Evaluating dcHiC on three collections of Hi-C contact maps from mouse neural differentiation (n = 3), mouse hematopoiesis (n = 10) and human LCL cell lines (n = 20), we show its effectiveness and sensitivity in detecting biologically relevant differences, including those validated by orthogonal experiments. Across these experiments, dcHiC reported regions with dynamically regulated genes associated with cell identity, along with correlated changes in chromatin states, replication timing and lamin B1 association. With its efficient implementation, dcHiC not only enables high-resolution compartment analysis but also includes a suite of additional features, including standalone browser visualization, differential interaction identification, and time-series clustering. As such, it is an essential addition to the Hi-C analysis toolbox for the ever-growing number of contact maps being generated. dcHiC is freely available at https://github.com/ay-lab/dcHiC and examples from this paper can be seen at https://ay-lab.github.io/dcHiC.
Combined E velocity and E/e’ as an estimate of elevated left atrial pressure in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ma Gaigai , Fang Ligang , Lin Xue , Gao Peng , Fang Quan
Published: April 2022

Background: The role of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in assessing diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been well characterized. We sought to determine the utility of TTE in detecting elevated left atrial pressure (LAP) in patients with chronic non-valvular AF using directly measured LAP as the reference standard.Methods: We prospectively studied 35 patients with persistent AF and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent radiofrequency ablation. LAP was measured in conjunction with trans-septal puncture at the time of catheter ablation. TTE was performed in 24 hours before ablation, peak velocity of early mitral diastolic inflow velocity (E) and mitral annular velocity (e’) were recorded.Results: E and E/e’ correlated well with mean LAP (E, r=0.560, p<0.001; E/e’avg, r=0.456, p=0.005). Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the optimal cut-off for E was 0.91m/s (sensitivity 85%%; specificity 77%) and that for E/e’avg was 13 (sensitivity 69%; specificity 82%) to predict mean LAP>12mmHg. When combined the cut-offs of E>0.91m/s and E/e’avg>13 were used, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting elevated LAP were improved to 95% and 96%, respectively.Conclusions: In AF patients, E and E/e’ correlated well with LAP, and a combination of E and average E/e’ improved the accuracy of evaluation of elevated LAP.
The influence of source of porcine colostrum in development of early immune ontogeny in the piglet
Authors: Maciag Shaiana Salete , Bellaver Franciana Volpato , Bombassaro Gabrielly , Haach Vanessa , Morés Marcos A Zanella , Baron Lana Flávia , Coldebella Arlei , Bastos Ana Paula
Published: April 2022

The effect of colostrum feeding on the ontogeny of serum cytokines and immune cells in suckling piglets fed sow/gilt colostrum and milk replacer was studied. After farrowing, the born piglets were randomized into six groups: GG and SS: piglets were kept with their dam; GS: piglets were changed from gilts to sow; SG: piglets were changed from sow to gilt; GMR and SMR: piglets from gilt or sow were isolated from the dams and were bottle-fed commercial formula milk replacer. The piglets remained in the groups during the first 24 hours of life and were later returned to their respective mothers. Overall, piglets suckling sow (SS and GS) had a higher concentration of serum immunoglobulins at 24 hours, and also was associated with a rise in plasma cytokines concentration and also the greater ability of B and T cells from lymphatic organs and blood mononuclear cells to respond to mitogens. We suggest a bias towards Th1-, Th2-, Th17-cell polarizing and cytokines in the suckling period, which may be influenced by maternal immunological factors in colostrum, like parity of dam. All findings suggest a possible role of sow parity that may contribute to exerting a modulating action on immune response development.
Closed-form solution of magnetic field and magnetic gradient tensor for magnetic minerals
Authors: Ren zhengyong , zhang yuanlei , Zhong yiyuan , Pan kejia , Wu qihong , Tang jingtian
Published: April 2022

Magnetization is a natural property of magnetic materials which is widely used to study the ancient climate change whose footprint was recorded in rocks by palaeomagnetic data, uncover the location of unexploded ordnance, mineral deposits and gas and oil resources, and image regional crust and planet structure. An essential but very challenging task is to find analytical solutions of induced magnetic signals for general magnetic targets. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate the existence of such solutions and explicitly give the analytical expressions of magnetic potential, magnetic field and magnetic gradient tensor for magnetic materials with polyhedral shapes and polynomial magnetization vectors. The order of magnetization polynomials can vary from linear order to arbitrary integer orders along both horizontal and vertical directions. Several synthetic and realistic iron deposit models are used to validate the accuracy and efficiency of our analytical solutions. Due to its inherent importance, our findings would have an immediate impact on magnetic explorations in earth science and have potentials in different applications.
CircARID1A binds to IGF2BP3 in gastric cancer and promotes cancer proliferation by forming a circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 RNA-protein ternary complex
Authors: Ma Qiang , Yang Feifei , Huang Bo , Pan Xiaojuan , Li Wei , Yu Ting , Wang Xiaolin , Ran Lingyu , Qian Kun , Li Hui , Li Haiping , Liu Yuying , Liang Ce , Ren Junwu , Zhang Yuying , Wang Shimin , Xiao Bin
Published: April 2022

Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs with important regulatory roles in cancer progression. IGF2BP3 has been found to play oncogenic roles in various cancers including GC, while the exact mechanism of IGF2BP3 is largely unknown.
Methods
The expression of IGF2BP3 in GC was evaluated by Western Blot and bioinformatics analysis. CircRNA expression profiles were screened via IGF2BP3 RIP-seq in GC. Sanger sequencing, RNase R digestion, nucleo-plasmic separation and RNA-FISH assays were used to detect the existence and expression of circARID1A. RNA ISH assay was employed to test the expression of circARID1A in paraffin-embedded GC tissues. Moreover, the function of circARID1A on cellular proliferation was assessed by CCK-8, plate colony formation, EdU assays and GC xenograft mouse model in vivo. Furthermore, the location or binding of circARID1A, IGF2BP3 protein and SLC7A5 in GC was evaluated by RNA-FISH/IF or RNA pull-down assays.
Results
We identified a novel circRNA, circARID1A, that can bind to IGF2BP3 protein. CircARID1A was significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared with noncancerous tissues and positively correlated with tumor length, tumor volume, and TNM stage. CircARID1A knockdown inhibited the proliferation of GC cells in vitro and in vivo and circARID1A was indispensable for the oncogenic role of IGF2BP3. Mechanistically, circARID1A served as a scaffold to facilitate the interaction between IGF2BP3 and SLC7A5 mRNA, increasing SLC7A5 mRNA stability. Additionally, circARID1A was able to directly bind SLC7A5 mRNA through complementary base-pairing and then formed the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 RNA-protein ternary complex and promoted the proliferation of GC via AKT/mTOR pathway activation.
Conclusions
Altogether, our data suggest that circARID1A is involved in the function of IGF2BP3 and GC proliferation, and the circARID1A-IGF2BP3-SLC7A5 axis has the potential to serve as a new therapeutic target for GC.
Achieving over 70 kg m-2 h-1 evaporation rate by a 3D polyacrylamide-based hydrogel
Authors: Chen Yuying , Yang Jixiang , Jinsong Guo , Fang Fang , Bao Ruiling , Xu Linji
Published: April 2022

Solar water evaporation is a potential technique for clean water production with low energy input but is restricted by low evaporation rates that are usually below 5 kg m− 2 h− 1. We developed a 3D hydrogel using low-price industrial carbon nanotubes and polyacrylamide. A cotton bar, which was with a high height to diameter ratio, was used as a water supply layer. The cotton bar was covered by the hydrogel. In addition, a downwards water supply mode was applied. It is demonstrated that an evaporation rate as high as 72.3 kg m− 2 h− 1 was achieved. The evaporation rate was higher than other reported evaporation rates. Interestingly, the high evaporation rate was achieved when the ambient temperature was 25 oC and direct sunlight irritation was not necessary. Furthermore, the 3D hydrogel showed a good performance in anti-salt accumulation. The 3D hydrogel is a good candidate for clean water production, considering its high evaporation rate and cost-effectiveness as well as facile fabrication.
Radical or Modified Radical Hysterectomy does not benefit the Prognosis of Patients with StageⅡendometrial Cancer
Authors: Li Qing , Cong Rong , Wang Yuting , Kong Fanfei , Ma Jian , Li Yan , Ma Xiaoxin
Published: April 2022

Background: Although total hysterectomy (TH)/ radical hysterectomy (RH) + double appendectomy + staging surgery is recommended for patients with stageⅡndometrial cancer (EC), gynecologists disagree on whether to choose TH or RH/ modified radical hysterectomy (mRH) in practice. This study aims to explore whether TH or RH/mRH affect the prognosis of patients with EC.Materials and Methods: 808 stageⅡEC patients who underwent surgery were included in the retrospective analysis. The patients were grouped according to the surgical method (TH, n=434, RH/mRH, n=374) and clinical characteristics were collected. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and P values were calculated by log-rank test. Prognostic analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results: Patients underwent RH/mRH had worse progression-free survival (PFS) (HR=2.235, 95%CI= 1.159-4.31, P=0.016), TH or RH/mRH does not affect the overall survival (OS) of patients (HR=1.511, 95%CI=0.802-2.845, P=0.201). Postoperative adjuvant therapy will improve PFS (HR=2.209, 95%CI=1.091-4.472, P=0.028). In patients received postoperative adjuvant therapy, RH/mRH is the independent risk factor of PFS (HR=2.328, 95%CI= 1.042-5.203, P=0.039). Neither PFS nor OS are affected by the type of hysterectomy in patients without adjuvant therapy. In addition, the operation time of RH/mRH is longer than that of TH. Conclusion: RH/mRH will not improve PFS and OS in patients with clinical stageⅡEC, but will increase the length of surgery. In clinical treatment, there is no need for gynecologists to implement RH/mRH for patients with stageⅡEC.
Regulation of Drought and Salt Tolerance by OsSKL2 and OsASR1 in Rice
Authors: Jiang Yingli , Peng Xiaojian , Zhang Qin , Liu Yuqing , Li Aiqi , Cheng Beijiu , Wu Jiandong
Published: April 2022

Abiotic stresses such as salinity and drought greatly impact the growth and production of crops worldwide. Here, a shikimate kinase-like 2 (SKL2) gene was cloned from rice and characterized for its regulatory function in salinity and drought tolerance. OsSKL2 was localized in the chloroplast, and its transcripts were significantly induced by drought and salinity stress as well as H2O2 and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Meanwhile, overexpression of OsSKL2 in rice increased tolerance to salinity, drought and oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, and reducing levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative electrolyte leakage. In contrast, RNAi-induced suppression of OsSKL2 increased sensitivity to stress treatment. Interestingly, overexpression of OsSKL2 also increased sensitivity to exogenous ABA, with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Moreover, OsSKL2 was found to physically interact with OsASR1, a well-known chaperone-like protein, which also exhibited positive roles in salt and drought tolerance. A reduction in ROS production was also observed in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana showing transient co-expression of OsSKL2 with OsASR1. Taken together, these findings suggest that OsSKL2 together with OsASR1 act as important regulatory factors that confer salt and drought tolerance in rice via ROS scavenging.
SIRT2 overexpression alleviates remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia through microglia
Authors: Bo Jinhua , Zhu Wei , Wang Xinmei , Jiang Ming , Liang Ying , Ma Zhengliang
Published: April 2022

Background: Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), a member of the mammalian sirtuin family, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases. However, whether SIRT2 is involved in the regulation of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of SIRT2 in regulating remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia.Methods: Remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia model was established in rats. SIRT2 was over-expressed by injecting recombinant adenoviruses. Nociceptive behaviors of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were measured with paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency, respectively. Iba1 (marker of microglia activation) and SIRT2 levels were detected with Western blot. Iba1 was also measured with immunofluorescence.Results: We found that SIRT2 was downregulated in the spinal cord in remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia rats. Intrathecal injection of a recombinant plasmid expressing SIRT2 markedly alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia rats. Iba1 were upregulated after surgical incision and remifentanil infusion, and the up-regulation was more obvious after the combination of surgical incision and remifentanil infusion. Moreover, our results showed that overexpression of SIRT2 inhibited the activation of the microglia in the spinal cord of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia rats. Overexpression of SIRT2 significantly attenuated incision- and/or remifentanil induced pronociceptive effects and spinal microglia activation. Conclusions: Overexpression of SIRT2 alleviates remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia possibly via inhibition of spinal microglia activation. Therefore, SIRT2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of neuropathic pain.Trial registration: Not applicable.
A proposed hybrid root cause analysis technique for medical quality control of gynecological endoscopy–a cross-sectional study on China
Authors: Zheng Hui , Lin Yanying , Yi Huan , Zheng Xiangqin
Published: April 2022

Objective To find out the key factors affecting the medical quality of gynecological endoscopy, and clarify the characteristics and intensity of the factors. To explore the feasibility of the application of new analytical tools in medical quality control.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the eighth Session of The Quality Control Committee of Gynecological Endoscopy of Fujian Province, China in January 2022. Twenty-three gynecological endoscopy quality control experts who attended the conference filled in the questionnaire on site. Using the new analysis model constructed by total interpretative structure model (TISM) and cause and effect diagram (CED), 20 potential factors of gynecological endoscopy medical quality were analyzed to find the core factors affecting medical quality.Result Among the 20 potential factors affecting the medical quality of gynecological endoscopy, 9 factors with strong influence were screened out. Lack of quality control personnel, lack of regular personnel assessment and training, insufficient support of relevant departments and lack of beds are the high-level driving factors affecting the medical quality of gynecological endoscopy. Inadequate management of surgical grading, improper authorization of operation, insufficient personnel experience and insufficient hospital quality control supervision are the factors of medium-level connection. The high-level driving factors have the most significant impact on medical quality, which needs to be paid more attention, followed by the medium-level connecting factors.Conclusion The TISM-CED model is an effective tool to trace the core factors and clarify the characteristics and order of factors, which can be applied to medical quality control.
LncRNA-ADAM11 regulates the vascular endothelial cell senescence and promotes the development of intracranial aneurysm via MiR-223-3p/NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Zhen Yong , Yan Ke , Zhou Xinzhi , He Liang , Song Bingwei , He Jiawei , Hu Kai , Shen Linhai
Published: April 2022

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are the localized dilatations of intracranial arteries because of the weaknesses of the endothelial layer. It causes subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), which accounted for 80% of total SAH and has 50% fatality rate. Cell senescence, especially endothelial cells senescence, is closely related to the occurrence of vascular diseases. However, the relationship of endothelial cell senescence and IAs have not well defined. It is reported that circulating exosomes and exosomes-derived lncRNAs involved in the process of various diseases. LncRNAs expression aberrant in serum and IAs tissues from IA patients has been confirmed. However, the relationship of serum exosomes-derived lncRNAs and endothelial cell senescence in IAs has unclearly. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of circulating exosomes-derived lncRNA in the senescent endothelial cells of IAs. In this study, we used ligation operation to construct IA rats. We also isolated and cultured endothelial cells from rat’s ACA/OA bifurcation. The blood pressure was detected to confirm the IA rats construction. HE staining and SA-β-gal staining was used to detect the pathologic of aneurysm and cell senescence. The expression of senescence marker genes and NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes was detected by western blot. ELISA was used to detect the expression levels of inflammatory factor. Immunofluorescence was used to confirm the cell type of senescence. Differential expression lncRNAs were identified by RNA sequencing in exosomes from clinical samples. Exosomes-derived lncRNA function was confirmed through co-culture and overexpression or knockdown lncRNA. Luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay confirmed the target binding of miRNA and lncRNA. Rescue experiments were performed to confirm lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA mechanism in endothelial cell senescence. The present study found that NLRP3 involved in the process of endothelial cell senescence in IAs. Exosomes from IA patient’s peripheral blood promoted endothelial cells senescence through transferring lncRNA ADAM11. In mechanism, lncADAM11 promoted endothelial cells senescence through competing bind to miR-223-3p and further promoting the expression of NLRP3. In conclusion, circulating exosomes-derived lncRNA ADAM11 regulated the senescence of vascular endothelial cells and promoted the development of IA via miR-223-3p/NLRP3 axis.
Analysis and Comparison of Coarray Based Sparse Arrays
Authors: Epcacan Erdal , Ciloglu Tolga
Published: April 2022

The study of sparse linear arrays has started in the 1960’s and remains a hot topic. Since then, the problem has been approached in a variety of ways, and many different optimization algorithms have been used to design sparse arrays. In the early years of sparse array research, in addition to other methods that involve array pattern related measures, the problem had been handled in terms of the coarray structure. Such methods do not directly involve pattern-based objectives, and in some cases, they have closed-form structures; we call these methods as coarray based methods. Nowadays, coar-ray based methods are attracting considerable attention again. In this paper, the analysis and comparison of the most commonly known ones of those arrays are conducted. Moreover, the necessity and the success of those arrays are discussed by chasing answers to two questions with simulation results. First, while keeping the number of sensors fixed what is the optimum layout? Secondly , while keeping the aperture fixed what is the optimum number of sensors to be used?
Cylindromatosis suppression enhances rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by promoting nuclear factor-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation
Authors: Zhou Jing-jing
Published: April 2022

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease. Cylindromatosis (CYLD) is a tumor suppressor that negatively regulates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. We aimed to investigate both the effect and mechanism of CYLD-dependent RA-fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS)-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Results: (1) The CYLD mRNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC）was significantly downregulated in the RA group compared with that in the healthy control group. (2) Co-culture with RA-FLSs induced PBMC osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The mRNA and protein levels of CYLD, TRAP, c-fos, CTSK, CALCR, MMP-9, and NFATc1 were increased in osteoclast precursors and osteoclasts. (3) RANKL-induced CYLD expression during osteoclastogenesis was shown to be NF-κB-dependent. (4) Downregulation of CYLD expression in PBMCs could in turn significantly increase the number of osteoclasts, enhance the resorption lacunae area on bone slices, and exaggerate TRAP activity, when compared with that of the negative control. CYLD suppression could significantly increase the mRNA and protein levels of TRAP, c-fos, CTSK, CALCR, MMP-9, and NFATc1, as well as the phosphorylation of NF-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in PBMCs and osteoclasts. Conclusions: Our results highlight CYLD as a negative regulator of RA-FLS-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption.
An intuitive picture of the Casimir effect
Authors: Hodgson Daniel , Burgess Christopher , Altaie M , Beige Almut , Purdy Robert
Published: April 2022

The Casimir effect, which predicts the emergence of an attractive force between two parallel, highly reflecting plates in vacuum, plays a vital role in various fields of physics, from quantum field theory and cosmology to nanophotonics and condensed matter physics. Nevertheless, Casimir forces still lack an intuitive explanation and current derivations rely on regularisation procedures to remove infinities. Starting from special relativity and treating space and time coordinates equivalently, this paper overcomes no-go theorems of quantum electrodynamics and obtains a local relativistic quantum description of the electromagnetic field in free space. When extended to cavities, our approach can be used to calculate Casimir forces directly in position space without the introduction of cut-off frequencies.
Dimensions of Morphological Integration
Authors: Bookstein Fred L.
Published: April 2022

Over several generations of evolutionary and developmental biologists, ever since Olson and Miller's pioneering work of the 1950's, the concept of “morphological integration” as applied to Gaussian representations N (μ, Σ) of morphometric data has been a focus equally of methodological innovation and methodological perplexity. Reanalysis of a century-old example from Sewall Wright shows how some fallacies of distance analysis by correlations can be avoided by careful matching of the distance rosters involved to a different multivariate approach, factor analysis. I reinterpret his example by restoring the information (means and variances) ignored by the correlation matrix, while confirming what Wright called “special size factors” by a different technique, inspection of the concentration matrix Σ-1. In geometric morphometrics (GMM), data accrue instead as Cartesian coordinates of labelled points; nevertheless, just as in the Wright example, statistical manipulations do better when they reconsider the normalizations that went into the generation of those coordinates. Here information about both μ and Σ, the means and the variances/covariances, can be preserved via the Boas coordinates (Procrustes shape coordinates without the size adjustment) that protect the role of size per se as an essential explanatory factor while permitting the analyst to acknowledge the realities of animal anatomy and its trajectories over time or size in the course of an analysis. A descriptive quantity for this purpose is suggested, the correlation of vectorized μ against the first eigenvector of Σ for the Boas coordinates. The paper reanalyzes two GMM data sets from this point of view. In one, the classic Vilmann rodent neurocranial growth data, a description of integration can be aligned with the purposes of evolutionary and developmental biology by a graphical exegesis based mainly in the loadings of the first Boas principal component. There results a multiplicity of morphometric patterns, some homogeneous and others characterized by gradients. In the other, a Vienna data set comprising human midsagittal skull sections mostly sampled along curves, a further integrated feature emerges, thickening of the calvaria, that requires a reparametrization and a modified thin plate spline graphic distinct from the digitized configurations per se. This new GMM protocol fxulfills the original thrust of Olson and Miller's (1951) “ρF-groups,” the alignment of statistical and biological explanatory guidance, while respecting the enormously greater tange of morphological descriptors afforded by well-designed landmark/semilandmark configurations.
A Comprehensive Summary on the Enhancement of Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete by Employing Polypropylene Materials
Authors: J Anto , M Bhuvaneshwari
Published: April 2022

The scientific community is currently confronted with critical problems in providing a healthy world for future generations. The study for sustainable plastic recycling methods is difficult for a variety of purposes. Indeed, during the previous century, the widespread usage of plastic materials has resulted in vast amounts of long-lasting waste that has remained largely unaddressed by effective collection and disposal policies. Packaging materials are responsible for the majority of this waste which also includes polypropylene materials. However, environmental concerns imposed a new trend in the previous decade that brought this topic under the microscope, as seen by the growing number of linked publications. For the recycling of polymeric plastic materials, several chemical and mechanical methodologies have been proposed. Due to the low ultimate tensile strain of concrete, plastic waste fibre materials have been used in concrete in recent times as the reinforced concrete components often function with cracks during the serviceability phase. The bonding strength and stress variation during flexure are investigated, and also the toughening effect of a hybrid combination of steel and polypropylene fibres on high-strength concrete. Polypropylene's compressive and tensile strength, good dielectric characteristics, and acid and alkali resistance have all been explored in various studies. Hence this most promising recycled polypropylene fibre (PPF) needs focus to be investigated in the construction industry.