bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary pages
Authors: CALJ CALJ
Published: August 2017

Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal
Author guidelines
Authors: CALJ CALJ
Published: August 2017

Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal
Bilingualism of Colombian Deaf Children in the Teaching-Learning of Mathematics in the First Year of Elementary School
Authors: León Corredor Olga Lucía , Calderón Dora Inés
Published: August 2017

This paper summarizes some results of the first ethnographic research study conducted in Colombia in three different elementary schools for deaf children in which bilingualism (sign-language and written-language) is starting to be emphasized. This study focuses on the teaching of mathematics in classrooms for deaf children using contexts proclaimed as bilingual. The participants in the study were first grade teachers. The analysis presented in this paper illustrates the struggles that teachers experience teaching arithmetic in such a context. The teaching of arithmetic using bilingualism requires three types of semiotic registers: sign-language and written-Spanish, and the Hindu-Arabic numeration system. The analysis indicates some puzzling teaching learning issues interweaving language and mathematics. These issues are of linguistic and communicative, social and cultural, and cognitive and pedagogical nature.
A Guided Reading of Images: A Strategy to Develop Critical Thinking and Communicative Skills
Authors: Sarmiento Sierra Marisol
Published: August 2017

This article describes the effects of a strategy aimed at helping students develop critical thinking and communicative skills by means of a program for guided reading of images using the questioning technique in an EFL context. Many teachers are not prepared for the education of critical thinkers as part of their curricular work. This is a qualitative descriptive research study carried out with third graders from a public school in Bogotá, Colombia in which field notes, artifacts, and questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. The study showed that the program activated children’s mental processes to allow them to move from basic to higher levels of critical thinking while communicating their thoughts in Spanish as well as using vocabulary in English. This  strategy could be used by teachers of different disciplines.
Reading comprehension in the foreign language from a discourse perspective
Authors: Vanegas Torres Norma Sofía
Published: August 2017

Reading comprehension is a well-known phenomenon that has been researched widely; however, further investigations continue opening new routes. Understanding comprehension as the ways in which the reading articulate their life and actions to the texts they encounter is one of the routes to follow. This article reviews some studies about reading focused on cognitive perspectives as well as others that are focused on a broad view of the language from Bajtin/Voloshinov’s ideas and its influence on reading as a historical and ideological practice where there is an encounter of subjectivities with a responsive capability. Besides, the discussion is enriched by some of Foucault’s (2005) principles which are valuable to change the ways of undurstanding comprehension. Acknowledging, first that readers in a foreign language might be socio-cultural foreigners, second that the formal approaches on language are not enough for readers in a foreign language and third, that the turn from the cognitive perspective to the language awareness is convenient for the reading practices, this article presents some reflections on each one of these issues and finally, deals with the discursive view of the language and its consequences for reading in L1 and L2.
Instructional Materials: A platform to enhance cognitive skills and writing development
Authors: Muñoz Oyola Jorge Enrique
Published: August 2017

This paper describes the results of an action research project carried out with irst graders at a private coeducational school in Bogotá, Colombia. The purpose of the study was to account for children’s cognitive skills and writing development when using designed instructional materials based on the Structural Cognitive Modiiability model (SCM). The findings of the research suggest that children’s cognitive skills development evolves through a three-stage ongoing cycle. The indings also reveal that they become creative writers by recalling prior knowledge and integrating L1 and L2 elements. This study shows that mediation serves as a bridge between learners’ dificulties and understanding, highlights the use of L1 as a language acquisition facilitator.
Peer editing: a strategic source in EFL students’ writing process
Authors: Díaz Galvis Nubia Mercedes
Published: August 2017

This article reports on a research project focused on peer editing as a pedagogical tool to promote collaborative assessment in the EFL writing process. With teachers overstretched in the Bogotá public school system, a method needed to be found that would allow students to receive much needed feedback without overtaxing the teachers` resources. Peer editing, a phenomenon that often occurs naturally within the classroom, was therefore systematically implemented as a solution to the stated problem. The main aims of this study, conducted with a group of ninth grade student at a public school in Bogotá, were to determine the role of peer editing in the writing process and to characterize the relationships built when students corrected each others writings. The instruments used for collecting data were field notes, video recordings and students’ artifacts. The results showed that when students were engaged in peer editing sessions they created zones of proximal development in which high achiever students provided linguistic scaffolding and empowered low achievers. It was also found that students used thinking strategies such as noticing and explaining when they identified errors related to the formal aspects of the language.
Short story student-writers: active roles in writing through the use of e-portfolio dossier
Authors: Cuesta Liliana , Rincón Stella
Published: August 2017

This article reports the effects of using the genre-process approach and e-portfolio dossier to improve short story writing among senior year students from a state school in Bogotá. This study originated from a need to generate student interest in the development of writing skills and to find instructional strategies that guide learners through each stage of the process. The results of data analysis from this study reveals significant improvements in students’ written production and the emergence of new roles among the learners: they evolved from a passive to an active status which enabled them to become planners, builders and reviewers of their own short story writing process. These new roles helped students reflect on their learning and become better decision makers and critical thinkers. Results from this study also validate the use of e-portfolio dossiers as an effective learning and assessment tool.
Cross-linguistic influence in the writing of an Italian learner of English as a foreign language: An exploratory study
Authors: Chapetón Claudia Marcela
Published: August 2017

This paper is based on the analysis of the nature of the first language influence on the written production of an Italian learner of English as a foreign language. The goal of the present exploratory study is to examine how cross-linguistic influence manifests itself at the level of syntax and lexis. Findings suggest that forms and  meanings in the L2 are expressed and shaped by the learner’s knowledge and use of  the foreign language as well as by the influence of the mother tongue.
A pathological example in nonlinear spectral theory
Authors: Brasco Lorenzo , Franzina Giovanni
Published: August 2017

We construct an open set

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}}

on which an eigenvalue problem for the p-Laplacian has no isolated first eigenvalue and the spectrum is not discrete. The same example shows that the usual Lusternik–Schnirelmann minimax construction does not exhaust the whole spectrum of this eigenvalue problem.
Addendum: Local Elliptic Regularity for the Dirichlet Fractional Laplacian
Authors: Biccari Umberto , Warma Mahamadi , Zuazua Enrique
Published: August 2017

In [1], for

1
<
p
<
∞

{1<p<\infty}

, we proved the

W
loc

2
⁢
s

,
p

{W^{2s,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}}

local elliptic regularity of weak solutions to the Dirichlet problem associated with the fractional Laplacian

(

-
Δ

)

s

{(-\Delta)^{s}}

on an arbitrary bounded open set of

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

. Here we make a more precise and rigorous statement. In fact, for

1
<
p
<
2

{1<p<2}

and

s
≠

1
2

{s\neq\frac{1}{2}}

, local regularity does not hold in the Sobolev space

W
loc

2
⁢
s

,
p

{W^{2s,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}}

, but rather in the larger Besov space

(

B

p
,
2

2
⁢
s

)

loc

{(B^{2s}_{p,2})_{\mathrm{loc}}}

.
On Lane–Emden Systems with Singular Nonlinearities and Applications to MEMS
Authors: do Ó João Marcos , Clemente Rodrigo
Published: August 2017

In this paper we analyze the Lane–Emden system

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

λ
⁢
f
⁢

(
x
)

(

1
-
v

)

2

⁢
 in 
⁢
Ω

,

-

Δ
⁢
v

=

μ
⁢
g
⁢

(
x
)

(

1
-
u

)

2

⁢
 in 
⁢
Ω

,

0
≤
u

,

v
<

1
⁢
 in 
⁢
Ω

,

u
=
v
=

0
⁢
 on 
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

-\Delta u=\frac{\lambda f(x)}{(1-v)^{2}}\text{ in }\Omega,\quad-\Delta v=\frac% {\mu g(x)}{(1-u)^{2}}\text{ in }\Omega,\quad 0\leq u,v<1\text{ in }\Omega,% \quad u=v=0\text{ on }\partial\Omega,

where λ and μ are positive parameters and Ω is a smooth bounded domain of

ℝ
N

(
N
≥
1
)

{\mathbb{R}^{N}(N\geq 1)}

. Here we prove the existence of a critical curve Γ which splits the positive quadrant of the

(
λ
,
μ
)

{(\lambda,\mu)}

-plane into two disjoint sets

𝒪
1

{\mathcal{O}_{1}}

and

𝒪
2

{\mathcal{O}_{2}}

such that the Lane–Emden system has a smooth minimal stable solution

(

u
λ

,

v
μ

)

{(u_{\lambda},v_{\mu})}

in

𝒪
1

{\mathcal{O}_{1}}

, while for

(
λ
,
μ
)

∈

𝒪
2

{(\lambda,\mu)\in\mathcal{O}_{2}}

there are no solutions of any kind. We also establish upper and lower estimates for the critical curve Γ and regularity results on this curve if

N
≤
7

{N\leq 7}

. Our proof is based on a delicate combination involving a maximum principle and

L
p

{L^{p}}

estimates for semi-stable solutions of the Lane–Emden system.
Evaluation of a new free light chain ELISA assay: bringing coherence with electrophoretic methods
Authors: Jacobs Joannes F.M. , de Kat Angelino Corrie M. , Brouwers Huberdina M.L.M. , Croockewit Sandra A. , Joosten Irma , van der Molen Renate G.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Serum free light chain (sFLC) measurements are increasingly important in the context of screening for monoclonal gammopathies, prognostic stratification, and monitoring of therapy responses. At the same time, analytical limitations have been reported with the currently available nephelometric and turbidimetric sFLC assays. We have evaluated a new quantitative sFLC ELISA for its suitability in routine clinical use.

Methods:

Reference ranges of the Sebia FLC assay were calculated from 208 controls. Assay interference, reproducibility, lot-to-lot variability, and linearity were assessed. Method comparison to the Freelite assay (Binding Site) was conducted by retrospective analysis of 501 patient sera.

Results:

Reference ranges of the Sebia κ/λFLC-ratio were 0.37–1.44. We observed good sensitivity (1.5 mg/L) and linearity in both polyclonal and monoclonal sFLC samples and never experienced antigen excess. Sebia FLC reproducibility varied between 6.7% and 8.1% with good lot-to-lot consistency. Method comparison with Freelite showed the following correlations: κFLC R=0.94, λFLC R=0.92 and κ/λFLC-ratio R=0.96. The clinical concordance of the κ/λFLC-ratio of both methods was 94%. Significant quantitative differences were observed between both methods, mainly in sera with high FLC concentrations. The Sebia monoclonal FLC concentrations were coherent with those obtained by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE). Freelite monoclonal FLC concentrations were consistently higher, with a mean 12-fold overestimation compared to SPE.

Conclusions:

The Sebia FLC assay provides a novel platform for sensitive and accurate sFLC measurements. The Sebia FLC showed good clinical concordance with Freelite. Further studies are warranted to confirm the clinical value of this assay.
Negotiating family history: Media use among descendants of Danish Nazis
Authors: Krogsgaard Ole
Published: August 2017

Danish descendants of former national socialists live in a society that characterizes their parents as traitors. They are therefore likely to experience a stark divergence between how the past is described in media texts and in their families. Taking media use as the starting point, this contribution explores the role Occupation-related media texts play for Nazi descendants and how they relate them to memories generated in their families. The contribution is empirically based on five semi-structured, qualitative interviews with children of former Danish Nazis. To understand the respondents’ media use, a remembered media repertoires approach is developed and employed in conjunction with a semi-narrative interview strategy. The findings suggest that respondents from families that have cultivated a memory about the Nazi past use media texts to supplement their family memory and criticize the mainstream cultural memory, whereas respondents from families where this past was a taboo avoid Occupation-related media texts but accept the cultural memory’s portrayal of national socialists.
Mediated memory making: The virtual family photograph album
Authors: Holloway Donell , Green Lelia
Published: August 2017

Domestic photography and the family photograph album hold significance as artefacts “communicating an ideal familial image and reifying the familial bonds, and also preserving a memory of a specific time” (Sarvas and Frohlich, 2011, p. 148). However, today’s practice of domestic photography is generally relocated to social media (Sarvas and Frohlich, 2011). Photographs previously found in the family photograph album are now likely to be located on the screens of phones and tablets.

Using a Domestication of Technology framework, this article discusses how families are using Facebook to create, curate, share and archive family memories. It shows how families go through the phases of appropriation, incorporation, objectification and conversion when they adopt Facebook as the family photograph album. The authors also explore ways in which virtual family photograph albums can result in parental tension around domestic tasks of sharing and archiving family memories online, along with the possible implications of creating a potentially embarrassing, unauthorized digital footprint for their children.
CFD Simulation on the Hydrodynamics in Gas-Liquid Airlift Reactor
Authors: Liew Shi Yan , Gimbun Jolius
Published: August 2017

Two-fluid model approach to simulate gas-liquid airlift reactors is widely implemented but have yet to reach a consensus on the closure model to account the gas-liquid interphase forces. Proper selection of a closure model is required in order to accurately capture the hydrodynamics in the complex of the two-phase system. Our work concerns the evaluation of the interfacial forces models (i. e. drag, lift and turbulent dispersion force) and their effects on local gas holdup and liquid velocity. A transient three-dimensional airlift reactor simulation was carried out using computational fluid dynamics by implementing the dispersed standard k-ε turbulence model. Four drag models governed by spherical bubble, bubble deformation and Rayleigh-Taylor were being evaluated in our work. The significance on the inclusion of the lift model on predictive accuracy on the flow field was also studied as well. Whereas, two turbulent dispersion force models were selected to evaluate on their performance in improving the predictive accuracy of the local hydrodynamics. Results showed that the drag governed by Rayleigh-Taylor which accounts the bubble swarm effect had better predictions on the gas holdup in the downcomer and improved predictions in radial gas holdup. The inclusion of the lift model improved local gas holdup predictions at higher heights of the reactor and shifted the bubble plume towards the centre region of the riser. Meanwhile, the turbulent dispersion models improved the overall results of predicted local gas holdup with closer agreement obtained when the drift velocity model was considered in the simulation. The axial liquid velocity was well predicted for all cases. The consideration of the drag, lift and turbulent dispersion forces resulted in a closer agreement with experimental data.
Alla fin trabocca e scoppia. Eine historisch-semantische Neuerwägung des „Züriputsches“ von 1839
Authors: Prieto Moisés
Published: August 2017

Am 6. September 1839 zog eine Menschenmenge von ungefähr 5000 Mann vom Zürcher Oberland in die Stadt Zürich ein und stürzte die radikal-liberale Kantonsregierung. Der Grund für diese Umwälzung fußt im Versuch seitens des Erziehungsrates, den hegelianischen Theologen David Friedrich Strauß gegen den Willen der Kirchenbehörde auf den Lehrstuhl für Dogmatik der Universität Zürich zu berufen. Das ad hoc gegründete Zentralkomitee bestehend aus Vertretern der Kirche und konservativen Politikern kanalisierte den Widerstand gegen diese regierungsrätlichen Bestrebungen. Der Auslöser für den Aufstand war letztlich das Gerücht, die Regierung habe fremde Truppen zur Wahrung der Ordnung aufgeboten. Aufgrund des konservativen Charakters des als „Züriputsch“ in die Geschichte eingegangenen Ereignisses verwehrte die Schweizer Historiographie diesem eine revolutionäre Würde und stigmatisierte es weitgehend. Im Gegenzug etablierte sich das negativ konnotierte Wort „Putsch“ auch außerhalb des deutschsprachigen Raumes. Der vorliegende Artikel beabsichtigt, die damalige Publizistik im Nachbeben des Ereignisses einer historisch-semantischen Analyse zu unterziehen, die einerseits der entsprechenden Bezeichnung unter Beachtung von Semasiologie und Onomasiologie und andererseits des historischen Narrativs Rechnung tragen soll.
Mechanistic insight on the sonolytic degradation of phenol at interface and bulk using additives
Authors: Doltade Sarjerao Bapu , Gole Vitthal L.
Published: August 2017

Present work investigated the degradation of phenol based on theoretical knowledge of bubble dynamic and experimental studies. Optimum parameters of theoretical knowledge such as initial concentration of phenol: 1.1 mole/L; concentration of additive: 2 g/L; liquid medium temperature: 35°C and pressure of liquid medium: 101325 Pa were considered for the experimental study. The degradation was further explored in the presence of zinc oxide (effect of particle size), hydrogen peroxide (effect on hydroxyl radical concentration), and sodium chloride (effect of a change in liquid properties) and its effect on degradation of phenol. The degradation of phenol increased in the presence catalyst such as 0.61±0.013 moles L
Biosolubilization of low-grade rock phosphate by mixed thermophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria
Authors: Xiao Chunqiao , Xu Guang , Wang Qi , Chi Ruan
Published: August 2017

A bacterial culture, which was mixed by three thermophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria, namely
Rapid prediction of hydrogen peroxide concentration eletrogenerated with boron doped diamond electrodes
Authors: Gutiérrez-Hernández Rubén F. , Bello-Mendoza Ricardo , Valle-Mora Javier F. , Peralta-Hernández Juan M. , Malo Edi A. , Hernández-Ramírez Aracely , Nájera-Aguilar Hugo A.
Published: August 2017

The electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide with boron doped diamond electrodes was experimentally investigated to assess the influence of basic operating parameters on H
The impact of vitamin C on the relationship among inflammation, lipid peroxidation and platelet activation during analgesic nephropathy in rats
Authors: Hadzi-Petrushev Nikola , Mitrov Dine , Kostovski Vladimir , Mladenov Mitko
Published: August 2017

Background:

Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of paracetamol-induced renal damage. This study examines the relationship between 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and platelet activation as well as the relative contribution of the pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in enhanced 8-iso-PGF2α biosynthesis, as a complementary onset during analgesic nephropathy induced by chronic treatment with paracetamol. The protective effects of vitamin C on the aforementioned settings are also investigated.

Methods:

Analgesic nephropathy was induced in Wistar rats. Renal function markers and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined spectrophotometrically. Immunoassays were used to measure the pro-inflammatory markers and the markers of lipid peroxidation and platelet activation.

Results:

The chronic treatment with paracetamol led to renal dysfunction, represented by the elevation of plasma urea and creatinine and the decline in the enzymatic antioxidant status, but did not cause a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-1β. The paracetamol-induced lipid peroxidation and enhanced production of 8-iso-PGF2α was not sufficient to cause changes in platelet activation represented by the level of 11-dehydro thromboxane B2.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that oxidative stress cannot circumvent the need of stimulation by circulatory cytokines in order to induce inflammatory response and changes in platelet activation during analgesic nephropathy. Vitamin C proved to be beneficial in restoring the renal function markers to normal, increasing the renal enzymatic antioxidant potential, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and lowering cytokine production and 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 excretion. The observed effects of vitamin C offer support for its potential use as protective treatment in cases of chronic paracetamol overdose.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(3-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C18H16BrFN2O2
Authors: Song Jing
Published: August 2017

C18H16BrFN2O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 23.5259(15) Å, b = 9.3637(6) Å, c = 15.7104(13) Å, β = 93.786(6)°, V = 3453.3(4) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0486, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1366, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ
2-hexamethylenetetramine-κ
2
N:N′)-tetrakis(μ
2-2,6-difluorobenzoato-κ
2
O:O′)dicopper(II)], C34H24Cu2F8N4O8
Authors: Hou-Qun Yuan , You-Fa Xiong , Wei Xiao , Chun-Yan Hu , Guang-Ming Bao
Published: August 2017

C34H24Cu2F8N4O8, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a =13.074(3) Å, b = 20.229(4) Å, c = 14.419(3) Å, β = 108.889(2)°, V = 3608.2(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0512, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1465, T = 296(2) K.
Photoluminescence from colloidal silicon nanoparticles: significant effect of surface
Authors: Li Qi , Jin Rongchao
Published: August 2017

Silicon nanoparticles (NPs) have long been regarded as a promising alternative for commercial organic dyes and typical quantum dots (e.g. CdSe) for applications in light emitting, bio-imaging, sensing, etc. The photoluminescence (PL) of Si NPs, since the first observation in the early 1990s, now has shown wide tunability in the PL wavelength ranging from UV to near IR and lifetime from less than nanoseconds to hundreds of microseconds. Meanwhile, the synthetic advances and methods of size separation and surface modification have improved the quantum yield of Si NPs up to 90% and the PL bandwidth down to ~30 nm FWHM. On the other hand, despite more than 20 years of research, it remains controversial in terms of the exact origin and mechanism of the PL from Si NPs. In this review, we intend to relate the structure of Si NPs with their optical properties in the hope of revealing some general, underlying laws of the size/surface-property relationships based on the reported research. Especially, we highlight the latest research progress on the complex influences of surface chemistry, such as the surface nitrogen capping and surface oxidation, which can dramatically alter and enhance the PL properties of Si NPs.
Three new coumarin types from aerial parts of Ammi majus L. and their cytotoxic activity
Authors: El-Sharkawy Eman , Selim Yasser
Published: August 2017

Three new coumarin types were isolated from the aerial parts of the wild medicinal plant Ammi majus, which was collected from western Asia (Saudi Arabia), including pyrano coumarin, namely, 5-isobutylcoumarin-6-C-glucoside (1); furanocoumarin, namely, 6,7,9-Trimethoxy-3-(8′-methoxy-2′-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-2(3H)-one (2); and pyrone coumarin, namely, 6-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-4 methyl coumarin (3). The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D- and 2D-NMR. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results of cytotoxicity depending on their structure features showed that compound 3 had high activity on different cell lines, while compound 1 showed no activity against HCT116. Compound 2 had high activity towards HCT116 cell line.
Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) Score Is Related to Sarcopenia in Noninstitutionalized Older Adults
Authors: Curcio Francesco , Liguori Ilaria , Cellulare Michele , Sasso Giuseppe , Della-Morte David , Gargiulo Gaetano , Testa Gianluca , Cacciatore Francesco , Bonaduce Domenico , Abete Pasquale
Published: August 2017

Background and Purpose:

Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass and strength accompanying aging, is common in older adults who are not physically active. Nevertheless, the association between physical activity and sarcopenia has not been extensively studied. Therefore, we examined the relationship of both muscle mass and muscle strength with physical activity as quantified using the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE).

Methods:

PASE score, muscle mass by bioimpendiometry, and muscle strength by handgrip were evaluated in a cohort study of 420 older adult participants (mean age 82.4 [5.9] years), admitted to the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Center. Sarcopenia was assessed as indicated in the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) consensus.

Results:

PASE score was lower in sarcopenic (40.2 [89.0]) than in non-sarcopenic (92.0 [52.4]) older adults (P < .001). Curvilinear regression analysis demonstrated that PASE score is related with muscle mass (R
2 = 0.63; P < .001) and strength (R
2 = 0.51; P < .001).

Conclusions:

The present study indicates that PASE score is curvilinearly related to muscle mass and strength and that low PASE score identifies sarcopenic noninstitutionalized older adults. This evidence suggests that PASE score evaluated together with muscle mass and strength may identify older adults at high risk of sarcopenia.
Reconciling the differences between a bottom-up and inverse-estimated FFCO2 emissions estimate in a large US urban area
Authors: Gurney Kevin R. , Liang Jianming , Patarasuk Risa , O’Keeffe Darragh , Huang Jianhua , Hutchins Maya , Lauvaux Thomas , Turnbull Jocelyn C. , Shepson Paul B.
Published: August 2017

The INFLUX experiment has taken multiple approaches to estimate the carbon dioxide (CO2) flux in a domain centered on the city of Indianapolis, Indiana. One approach, Hestia, uses a bottom-up technique relying on a mixture of activity data, fuel statistics, direct flux measurement and modeling algorithms. A second uses a Bayesian atmospheric inverse approach constrained by atmospheric CO2 measurements and the Hestia emissions estimate as a prior CO2 flux. The difference in the central estimate of the two approaches comes to 0.94 MtC (an 18.7% difference) over the eight-month period between September 1, 2012 and April 30, 2013, a statistically significant difference at the 2-sigma level. Here we explore possible explanations for this apparent discrepancy in an attempt to reconcile the flux estimates. We focus on two broad categories: 1) biases in the largest of bottom-up flux contributions and 2) missing CO2 sources. Though there is some evidence for small biases in the Hestia fossil fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2) flux estimate as an explanation for the calculated difference, we find more support for missing CO2 fluxes, with biological respiration the largest of these. Incorporation of these differences bring the Hestia bottom-up and the INFLUX inversion flux estimates into statistical agreement and are additionally consistent with wintertime measurements of atmospheric 14CO2. We conclude that comparison of bottom-up and top-down approaches must consider all flux contributions and highlight the important contribution to urban carbon budgets of animal and biotic respiration. Incorporation of missing CO2 fluxes reconciles the bottom-up and inverse-based approach in the INFLUX domain.
TURISMO Y TERRITORIO EN ÁREAS NATURALES PROTEGIDAS, PARQUE NACIONAL SANTA ROSA: DEL MONUMENTO NACIONAL A LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL BOSQUE TROPICAL SECO, AREA DE CONSERVACIÓN GUANACASTE, COSTA RICA
Authors: Quirós-Arias Lilliam
Published: August 2017

El turismo ligado a la conservación adquiere una importancia particular en Costa Rica a partir de los años ochenta; el interés por disfrutar y participar de la naturaleza marca un cambio en la práctica del turismo. El país alberga una gran riqueza de recursos naturales y culturales; así como paisajes rurales, caracterizados por áreas naturales protegidas, éstas rodeadas por agropaisajes y comunidades locales. En el presente estudio, se revisa la experiencia del Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, ubicado en el Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), donde el desarrollo turístico es incipiente, con atractivos de tipo natural como núcleo de la actividad. La participación de las comunidades locales y su integración, forman parte de las preocupaciones recientes.  La metodología incluyó revisión de la información secundaria y, del mismo modo, se realizan entrevistas a los pobladores; además, se recolecta información de campo a través de repetidas visitas al área de interés. El ACG es una de las áreas protegidas que alberga importantes recursos para la investigación, siendo todavía un desafío aumentar la conservación de las áreas adyacentes incorporando la comunidad local.
ourism, natural protected areas, conservation, land management, Costa Rica
Authors: Quirós-Arias Lilliam
Published: August 2017

Ever since the 1980s, conservation-related tourism has been particularly important in Costa Rica.  The interest in enjoying and being part of nature brought a signifcant change to how tourism is practiced. The country hosts a great wealth of natural and cultural resources, as well as rural landscapes characterized by protected areas and surrounded by natural landscapes and local communities. This document reviews the experience of Santa Rosa National Park, located in the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG)—an area with emerging tourism development and natural attractions as its main resource. The participation and integration of local communities are part of recent concerns. Our methodology includes a review of secondary information and frst-person interviews with townspeople. Moreover, information was gathered on-site through different visits to the area of study. The ACG is one of the protected areas that hosts important resources for research; however, increasing conservation in neighboring areas and incorporating the local community still represents a challenge.
On Traces of n-Additive Mappings on Semiprime Ring
Authors: Asma Ali  , Najat Muthana  , Kapil Kumar
Published: August 2017

Let R be a ring with centre Z(R). In this paper we prove that a nonzero Lie ideal L of a semiprime ring R of characteristic different from (2n-2) is central if it satisfies one of the following: (i)f(xy)∓[x,y]∈Z(R), (ii)f(xy)∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (iii)f(xy)∓xy∈Z(R), (iv)f(xy)∓yx∈Z(R), (v)f([x,y] )∓[x,y]∈Z(R), (vi)f([x,y] )∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (vii)f([x,y] )∓xy∈Z(R),(viii)f([x,y] )∓yx∈Z(R),(ix)f(xy)∓f(x)∓[x,y]∈Z(R),(x)f(xy)∓f(y)∓[x,y]∈Z(R),(xi)f([x,y] )∓f(x)∓[y,x] ∈ Z(R), (xii)f([x,y] )∓f(x)∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (xiii)f([x,y] )∓f(y)∓[x,y]∈Z(R), (xiv)f([x,y] )∓f(y)∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (xv)f([x,y] )∓f(xy)∓[x,y]∈Z(R), (xvi)f([x,y] )∓f(xy)∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (xvii)f(x)f(y)∓[x,y]∈Z(R), (xviii)f(x)f(y)∓[y,x]∈Z(R), (xix)f(x)f(y)∓xy∈Z(R), (xx)f(x)f(y)∓yx∈Z(R) for all x,y∈L, where f stands for the trace of an n-additive map
On Voltage and Power Indicators for Thermal Noise in Metals
Authors: Eugen Grycko  , Werner Kirsch
Published: August 2017

Recently a formula for the variance of the thermal voltage between the ends of a conductor has been proposed. We discuss this formula and present numerical values of theoretic voltage and power indicators for a selection of metals. The values obtained for copper are compared with some empirical data. AMS Subject Classification: 83B30, 83B31.
Mejoramiento del arranque mediante el control de las desviaciones de perforación, caso mina “El Roble”, Colombia
Authors: Rincón-Durán Juan David , Molina-Escobar Jorge Martin
Published: August 2017

En la operación unitaria de perforación y voladura es muy frecuente que se presenten errores asociados a las desviaciones de las labores. Errores como el posicionamiento incorrecto del brazo del jumbo, poco paralelismo entre perforaciones, longitudes irregulares de los barrenos y la deficiente simetría del frente, hacen que la voladura sea ineficiente. Así, de los datos medidos en la mina “El Roble”, ubicada en el Chocó, se plantea una mejora asociada en el uso de herramientas como el inclinómetro magnético, el uso de tubos guia de PVC, el flexómetro y el trazado riguroso de la malla de perforación en el frente, para así asegurar la pendiente de la labor y reducir las desviaciones. De esta manera se mejoran los avances de las labores en cifras superiores al 90%, en recuperar las toneladas perdidas en un 90.2% y en reducir los costos por metro de avance en un 13%.
La enseñanza de la geología en la Escuela Nacional de Minas de Medellín, 1910-1937
Authors: Rodríguez-Vega Yohana Josefa , Chicangana-Bayona Yobenj Aucardo
Published: August 2017

El presente artículo analiza el proceso de enseñanza y producción de la geología, como contenido de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil y de Minas, en la Escuela Nacional de Minas de Medellín, entre los años 1911 y 1937; articulado en dos ejes principales: los docentes que tuvieron a su cargo ésta asignatura y la metodología de estudio impartida siguiendo la política de la Institución, concerniente a la aprehensión de los conceptos vistos en el aula, para ser aplicados en las tareas y salidas prácticas a campo, y por supuesto en la vida profesional que afrontarían como ingenieros. Asimismo, presenta la relación que tuvo la enseñanza de la Geología en la Escuela con algunos sectores empresariales y del Gobierno Nacional y Departamental.
Split crest: técnica de expansão imediata de rebordo para reabilitação de maxila atrófica. Um relato de caso clínico
Authors: Ferreira Deise Alves Kersten , Calandrini Carolina Amador da Silva , Andrade Wagner Almeida
Published: August 2017

While the deploy planning, we come across morphological changes in the intervention area and the bone volume, which is extremely important for the treatment outcome. The objective of this study is to describe the technique “Split-Crest” through a clinical case in which success was obtained. Demonstrate indications and advantages of the technique in order to gain a significant increase in bone density to achieve an excellent aesthetic and functional result. Female patient, leucoderma, 46 years old, attended the Dental Clinic of Specialization in Implantodontics of ESAMAZ, with report of early teeth loss and poorly adapted prosthesis in the upper anterior region of the pre jaw. During the clinical evaluation was observed Edentulism in the anterior arch of the jaw. Total tomographic filming was done on the jaws, the initial diagnosis was a severe resorption present in the premaxilla requiring regenerative process to achieve bone gain. During surgery the patient had immediate installation of previous implants in the region of the elements 12 and 22 through the technique of “Slplit-Crest”, which consisted of two vertical cuts on the vestibular cortical portion and longitudinal osteotomy followed by the the shift vestibular cortical-spongy plate. Eight weeks later, the patient had clinically significant bone gain, proving the viability and success of the technique. A minimally invasive surgical procedure with well executed manipulation of tissue grafts and accelerates the clinical outcome, the working hours by the end of the treatment is smaller, has lower morbidity and lower operating costs.
Relationship between periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia related to vascular events
Authors: Takahashi Karine , Omae Flavia Yuri , Urdiales Araken Yamamoto , Banci Henrique Augusto , Oliveira Adilson
Published: August 2017

INTRODUCTION: The association between oral health and vascular disease has been recently studied and it can be seen that periodontal disease can influence health at all. On the other hand, atherosclerosis is a progressive disease with accumulation of fibrotic and inflammatory elements resulting in endothelial lesions, and increase of incidence when associated to chronic inflammations. It is known the association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and heart diseases, as this microorganism has been found in atheroma plaques, as other periodontal pathogens.OBJECTIVE: Search information in literature that confirms the relationship between periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia associated to vascular disease.METHODS: For this article revision, an online search has been made in scientific libraries such as the Virtual Library in Health (BVS, Bireme); PubMed; Digital Brazilian Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) from 2000 to 2014, using as key words periodontal disease, vascular disease, hyperlipidemia.CONCLUSION: It has been confirmed by some authors the relation between periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia, otherwise, some contradictory results due to risk factors such as age, food intake and social and cultural factors. Mechanisms in which these factors acts in this progression still have not been clear.
The impact of mouth-rinsing using chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% to the amount of plaque-causing bacteria colonies in fixed orthodontic users
Authors: Leonarto Melinda N. , Habar Eddy H.
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to know the impact of mouth-rinsing using chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% with the number of plaque-causing bacterial colonies in fixed orthodontic users. One of the most common problems is malocclusion. The solution is to do orthodontic treatment but the side effect is very susceptible to having poor mouth hygiene due to oral microflora which has changed and the difficulty to clean the appliance.Material and Methods: This research type is quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest with control group design. The sample, which consist of 30 college students of fixed orthodontic users was divided into two groups where the first group was given the chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% and the second group was given aqua Dest. A swab on teeth samples were taken before treatment, on 7th day and 14th day to observe the number of bacteria colonies by cup-counting method at Microbiology Laboratory, Pharmacy Faculty of Hasanuddin University.Results: The results of repeated ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test by using SPSS program (23rd version) showed that the value baseline was 333.86 ± 11.8, on 7th day was 229.26 ± 6.3 and on 14th day was 127.40 ± 7.8 with the p-value = 0.000. The result of general linear model analysis on 7th day and on 14th day was p = 0.000 which means there is significant decrease in the number of bacteria colonies.Conclusion: Mouth-rinsing using chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% significantly affects the amount of plaque-causing bacterial colonies in fixed orthodontic users (p < 0.05) with the percentage drop is 61.84%.
The selective grinding prosthetic feeding aid frequency influence towards premaxilla position on infant with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate
Authors: Damayanti Lisda Damayanti , Rikmasari Rasmi , Machmud Edy
Published: August 2017

Objective: The purpose of the research was to analyze the influence of selective grinding frequency towards premaxilla position of infant with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate using prosthetic feeding aid.Material and Methods: Ten infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate with wide alveolar cleft and rotating position of premaxilla were treated with prosthetic feeding aid. Impression was done twice to each subject before and after prosthetic feeding aid placement. The photograph was taken from each working model. Tracing was made on each photograph using photoQuad program on the assigned postulate spots. Adjustment towards the prosthetic feeding aid device was done every two week with selective grinding on the anatomical surface of acrylic on the palatolateral major and anteromedial minor defects, and relining with soft liner on the labial of anatomical surface was also done. Anatomical surface selective grinding was not exceeded 1–1.5 mm on every visit. The correlation analyze between selective grinding frequency of prosthetic feeding aid and premaxilla position used the Pearson correlation coefficient.Results: The correlation analysis between selective grinding prosthetic feeding aid frequency with premaxilla position on infant with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate have positive correlation with value of 23% or r = 0.479 and t-count = 1.544 or p-value = 0.1611.Conclusion: The more frequent the selective grinding on prosthetic feeding aid, the higher the premaxilla position change will increase towards midsagittal.
Periapical radiography using bisect technique in autistic children through nonpharmacological approach: a case report
Authors: Hutasoit Yohanes , Firman Ria N. , Suzy Arlette
Published: August 2017

Objective:The periapical dental radiography using bisect technique needs a special skill in managing autistic patient. Autism is one of the characteristics from handicapped children with behavioral syndrome caused by neurological disturbance characterized by behavioral disturbance, communication, and social interaction difficulties occurringin the first three years of the children life.Problems occurringin dental radiography in such children make the bisect technique necessary. Dentist and the operator need to do special preparations to optimally create the dental radiograph using two approaches, i.e. nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches.Methods:In this case, dental imaging using bisect technique for autistic children is performed using modified technique for periapical and occlusal imaging as well as nonpharmacological approach.Result:Theradiograph examination for autistic children using modified technique can be done successfully.Conclusion:Dental radiographin autistic children canbe performed by modifying periapical radiograph using bisecting technique with nonpharmacological approach.
The friendship between Andy Hamilton and David Murray
Authors: Dudley-Evans Tony
Published: August 2017

This article describes the friendship and musical relationship between the late Andy Hamilton, an Afro-Caribbean saxophonist who lived in Birmingham UK for most of his life, and David Murray, a leading American saxophonist. The article points to various reasons why two rather different players got on so well and suggests that the relationship supports the notion of a common Black Atlantic culture.
Prevalence of oral mucosal changes among 6- 13-year old children in Sulaimani city, Iraq
Authors: Hussein Shokhan , Noori Arass
Published: August 2017

Objectives: Understanding the distribution, etiology and epidemiology of oral mucosal changes is essential for preventive and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and normal variations among 6- to 13-year old children in Sulaimani city, north of Iraq.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on primary school students in Sulaimani city. A total of 5113 Kurdish children was examined; 2757 (53.92%) were males and 2356 (46.08%) were females, enrolled in 20 primary public schools. Any oral mucosal changes observed at the time of examination were recorded.
Results: The prevalence of oral mucosal changes was found to be 12.87% (658 children): 12.91% (356) males and 12.82% (302) females, with no statistically significant gender variations (P>0.05). Twelve different oral mucosal changes/lesions were diagnosed and the most common were herpes labialis (3.2%), aphthous ulcers (2.25%), linea alba (1.72%), angular cheilitis (1.7%), traumatic ulcers (1.58%) and geographical tongue (1.33%). No statistically significant association was found between different types of lesions and gender (P>0.05). The lips were found to be the most common affected site (27.36%) followed by buccal mucosa (23.86%), tongue (18.54%), labial mucosa (14.13%), and the lip commissures (13.22%).
Conclusion: The present study represents the first cross-sectional epidemiological study of the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions among Kurdish Iraqi children in Sulaimani city providing the baseline data for future relative preventive and health service programs.
Conservation of dentin thickness in the root canals orifice following two preparation techniques
Authors: Talabani Ranjdar , Ahmad Shawbo , Noori Arass
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of dentine removed after canal preparation using ProTaper (PT) and Greater Taper (GT) rotary instruments.
Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted human teeth with single roots were selected and sectioned at the level of CEJ. The roots were distributed in two groups (n= 20) using stratified randomization, and prepared under simulated clinical conditions with ProTaper (PT) and Greater Taper (GT) rotary NiTi system. The pre- and post-preparation photographs were traced and superimposed, dentin thickness was measured at the levels of canal periphery, canal area, tooth area, mesial dentin thickness, distal dentin thickness, buccal dentin thickness and lingual dentin thickness both before and after preparation.
Results: The thickness of removed dentin was significantly different between the two preparation techniques (p<0.01) at the level of both tooth and canal area with more conservation for GT system while ProTaper system more conservative at buccolingual width than mesiodistal width, and GT system was more conservative at mesiodistal dimension than buccolingual dimension.
Conclusion: GT rotary instrumentation prepares root canals has greater conservation of dentine structure on the overall dimensions of the root, while the ProTaper system is more conservative at buccolingual dimension.
Clinical analysis of salivary gland tumors and their treatment methods: An experience in treatment of 154 cases
Authors: Mussa Qais
Published: August 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment plan methods used in the treatment of different type & site of salivary gland tumors.

Materials and Methods: This study represents the experience of author in surgical treatment of 154 patients who were admitted in the clinic of maxillofacial surgery in the Babylon teaching hospital during the period May 2004- October 2010 for surgical treatment of salivary gland tumors. The clinical finding; distribution of patients according to the histology & the site of origin is summarised. Analysis of different types of surgical procedures that used with others possible treatment & recurrent rate were done.

Result: There were 82 females (53.2%) & 72 (46.8%) males. The average age of patients was 48.5 years. Parotid gland tumors represent 55.2% (85 patients), submandibular gland 20.7% (32 patients) & minor salivary glands 24% (37 patients). Malignant tumors represent 42.2%, mostly in submandibular & minor salivary glands while 57.7% were benign mostly in the parotid gland.

Conclusions: Early diagnosis correlated with careful treatment plan selection depends on histopathology, staging and type of tumor leads to good prognosis of salivary gland tumors. When possible a conservative resection of the malignant tumor is recommended.