bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Japanese students' perceptions of the role that shadow education plays in competition in education
Authors: Fülöp Márta , Gordon Győri János
Published: June 2021

The relationship between shadow education and competition has been discussed and studied widely by educational experts and policy makers in Japan. One major topic has been the role that shadow education plays in social inequality by creating winners and losers. Another is related to competition and students' psychological health; and a third concerns the cause-and-effect relationships between cram/preparatory schools and competition. The present paper focuses on students' perspectives and describes an empirical study carried out with 211 Japanese senior high school students and 145 university students. The students answered open-ended questions about their cram/preparatory school attendance, and were asked to describe how they perceived the relationship between cram/preparatory schools and competition. The free descriptive answers were content-analysed and categorized. The majority of the respondents not only saw a relationship between the two but also listed a number of functions that increased students' competitive advantage. Educational experts' and sociologists' common criticism that shadow education has detrimental effect on fairness or equal chances in education was hardly at all expressed. Relatively few students expressed doubts or emphasized the negative or harmful side of cram/preparatory school attendance and competition. The results call the attention to the importance of studying different aspects of shadow education more in-depth from the direct “users'” i.e, the students' perspective as well.
The Alcaic Odes of Horace and Greek Poems of the Early 20th Century
Authors: Darwish Hisham A.
Published: June 2021

This article is concerned with shedding light on two examples of influence between Horace and the Greek poets, both ancient and modern. The aim of this paper is to shed light on several parallel aspects between two of the Alcaic odes of Horace and two modern Greek lyric poems by Constantine Cavafy and Angelos Sikelianos, respectively. Subsequently, I show, within the wider framework of inter-textuality, a subtle example of the utilization and re-utilization of lyric elements that are originally ancient Greek in nature by the Latin and modern Greek poets. In my argumentation, I will rely on textual similarities, as well as on the views expressed by scholars in non-comparative contexts The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, I compare Horace’s carm. 2. 3 with Cavafy’s Ithaka. The most important points of comparison in this section are three common features: instructive tone, the epicurean tendency and the melancholic end. In the second, I compare Horace’s carm. 1. 37 with Sikelianos’ Dithyramb. The most important points of comparison in this section are three common features, namely, the connection of the Bacchic ecstasy to political issues, the connection of the Dionysiac spirit to the struggle against the national enemy and the association of Bacchic frenzy with hunting and chase.
The effect of strength-endurance training on serum and urine metabolic profiles of female adolescent volleyball athletes
Authors: Zhou W. , Zeng G. , Lyu C. , Kou F. , Zhang S. , Wei H.
Published: June 2021

Aim

Limited investigations on metabolic responses to exercise training in female adolescent volleyball athletes exist. The aim of this study was to obtain serum and urine metabolite markers in female adolescent volleyball athletes within 2-week strength-endurance training using a metabolomics approach coupled with biochemical analysis, which would be potential biomarkers for evaluating the physiological state of athletes.

Methods

Twelve female adolescent volleyball athletes were recruited for 2-week strength-endurance training. Differential serum and urine metabolic profiles between the pre- and post-training group were obtained on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and data subsequently underwent orthogonal partial least-squares analysis (OPLS).

Results

Strength-endurance training exerted a significant influence on the athletes' serum and urine metabolic profiles. The changed metabolites were primarily involved in energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acids metabolism. Results support the hypothesis that female athletes displayed an increased propensity to oxidize lipids as the major energy source. Exposure to strength-endurance training also led to a significant increase in cortisol, but a decrease in testosterone, indicating disordered hormone adjustment. Exercise-induced oxidative stress occurred, as was evidenced by the decrease in reduced glutathione, and increases in blood malondialdehyde and oxidized glutathione. Since the muscle damage markers creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase did not show significant changes, the training might not cause cell membrane damage and the athletes did not cross the adaptive injury level.

Conclusion

By measurement of endogenous metabolites, the metabolomics study has the potential to reveal the global physiological changes in response to exercise training.
Poradnia życia rodzinnego w procesie przygotowania do małżeństwa : praktyka duszpasterska i recepcja spotkań z doradcą życia rodzinnego
Authors: Katarzyńka Agnieszka
Published: June 2021

Rozprawa stanowi próbę opisu stanu przygotowania do sakramentu małżeństwa w warunkach Kościoła w Polsce. Na tle historii, teologii małżeństwa oraz ogólnej prezentacji etapów tegoż przygotowania, skoncentrowano się na działalności poradni życia rodzinnego. Poradnia jest miejscem prowadzenia spotkań dla narzeczonych w ramach przygotowania bezpośredniego do małżeństwa. Poprzez empiryczne badania zastane oraz własne - wywiady pogłębione - zweryfikowano jakość prowadzonego przygotowania oraz opisano recepcję spotkań z doradcą życia rodzinnego przez narzeczonych. Sformułowano praktyczne wnioski i postulaty wobec treści, form oraz organizacji przygotowania w poradniach.
BEŞ FAKTÖR KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE İŞ DEĞERLERİ İLİŞKİSİNİN KUŞAKLAR KAPSAMINDA ANALİZİ
Authors: KALELİ Büke , YALÇIN Bahar
Published: June 2021

Bireylerin kişilikleri ve iş değerleri iş yaşamını etkileyen önemli faktörlerdendir. Çalışma ortamlarında kuşaklar arası farklılıkları anlamak, çalışanların değerlerini ve ihtiyaçlarını önemsemenin ilk adımıdır. Her bir kuşağın farklı özellikleri olduğundan kurumlar da sistemlerini kuşakların beklentileri ve ihtiyaçlarına göre güncellemek durumundadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ile iş değerleri arasındaki ilişkinin kuşaklar kapsamında analizini gerçekleştirip; Türkiye’deki kuşakların kişilik özellikleri ile iş değerleri hakkında belirleyici değerlendirmeler ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada bulguları elde etmek amacıyla anket yöntemi uygulanmış, Super’ın İş Değerleri Envanteri’nden ve Goldberg’ün Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri’nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan, farklı meslek gruplarından, Sessiz Kuşak, Bebek Patlaması Kuşağı, X ve Y Kuşaklarına ait 411 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Kuşaklar arasındaki iş değerleri ve kişilik özellikleri farklılıkları için Anova ve Post-Hoc testlerinden yararlanılmış; kuşaklar kapsamında iş değerleri ile kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki ise korelasyon analizi ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlar kapsamında kuşakların iş değerleri ve kişilik özelliklerinin, genel olarak literatürdeki çalışmalarla örtüştüğü görülmüş ve bu bağlamda kuşaklar kapsamında beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ile iş değerlerinin çoğu arasında pozitif yönde ancak düşük seviyede anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur.
Associations of health status and diabetes among First Nations Peoples living on-reserve in Canada
Authors: Batal Malek , Chan Hing Man , Fediuk Karen , Ing Amy , Berti Peter , Sadik Tonio , Johnson-Down Louise
Published: June 2021

Objective

Our objective is to describe self-reported health status, prevalence of diabetes and obesity and their associations in participants from the First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study (FNFNES) in order to identify possible correlates of health in First Nations adults.

Methods

FNFNES is a participatory study with First Nations Peoples living on reserve lands south of the 60th parallel. Health and diabetes were self-reported, and prevalence of obesity was evaluated. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and traditional food (TF) activities were investigated for associations with health parameters.

Results

High prevalence rates of overweight/obesity (78–91%) and diabetes (19% age-standardized prevalence) were found. Smoking rates were high and physical activity was low. In multivariable analyses, obesity was associated with region, income source, age, gender, smoking and self-reported health; diabetes and lesser self-reported health were associated with obesity and lower education. Diabetes was strongly associated with lesser self-reported health and weakly associated with being a smoker.

Conclusion

We have identified possible correlates of health in this population that can help to better understand the underlying concerns and identify solutions for First Nations and their partners. We urge governments and First Nations to address the systemic problems identified with a holistic ecosystem approach that takes into consideration the financial and physical access to food, particularly TF, and the facilitation of improved health behaviour. New mechanisms co-developed with First Nations leadership should focus on supporting sustainable, culturally safe and healthy lifestyles and closing the gaps in nutrition and food insecurity.
Nutrient adequacy and nutrient sources of adults among ninety-two First Nations communities across Canada
Authors: Batal Malek , Chan Hing Man , Ing Amy , Fediuk Karen , Berti Peter , Sadik Tonio , Johnson-Down Louise
Published: June 2021

Objectives

To identify food sources of nutrients in First Nations adults in Canada and to establish whether these populations are meeting their nutrient requirements and whether traditional foods (TF) contribute to better nutrient intake.

Methods

The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study is a cross-Canada participatory study of First Nations adults living south of the 60th parallel. Twenty-four-hour recalls were conducted in 92 First Nations communities from 2008 to 2016. Repeat recalls were attempted with 20% of participants to adjust for within-person variation and estimate the proportion of individuals below recommendations according to Institute of Medicine guidelines. Nutrients from days with and without TF were compared. The main food sources of select nutrients were identified, including TF.

Results

Mean energy intakes among women and men ranged from 1664 to 1864 and from 1761 to 2298 kcal/day respectively. Most macronutrients were within the acceptable macronutrient diet range except for fat in most age groups and carbohydrates in men 71 years of age and older. Saturated fat was above recommendations for all ages. Only niacin was identified as above recommendations in all age and sex categories. Days where TF were eaten showed greater intakes of key nutrients.

Conclusion

It is imperative that we find culturally appropriate ways to improve the quality and nutritional value of First Nations Peoples food intake by improving TF access and use on the one hand and conversely providing better quality store-bought foods. For success in this, we must empower First Nations communities and health practitioners to collaboratively overcome these challenges.
Metals in the drinking water of First Nations across Canada
Authors: Schwartz Harold , Marushka Lesya , Chan Hing Man , Batal Malek , Sadik Tonio , Ing Amy , Fediuk Karen , Tikhonov Constantine
Published: June 2021

Objectives

The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study (FNFNES), a community-based participatory research project, measured the levels of metals of health concern and the levels of metals that have operational guidance (OG) and aesthetic objectives (AO) in drinking water of First Nations (FN) south of the 60thparallel.

Methods

Both stagnant (first draw) and flushed tap water samples were collected from participating households in 91 FN representing 11 ecozones. The concentrations of metals were quantified and compared to Health Canada’s Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (GCDWQ).

Results

In total, 1516 FN households participated in this study component. Exceedances of the 2019 GCDWQ for the health-based maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) were found for five metals: lead 8.4% of households (first draw), manganese 4.0%, uranium 1.6%, aluminum 1.3%, and copper 0.2% (flushed). Flushing taps resulted in a decrease to 0.7% of households exceeding the lead MAC. Exceedances of the current OG for aluminum were found in 14.2% and the exceedances of the proposed OG were found in 18.1% of households (flushed). Exceedances of the AO (flushed) were as follows: manganese 12.8%, sodium 5.1%, iron 3.5%, and copper 0.4%. Results of the study were compared to provincial surveys where the data were available. Taste and colour were reported to be the main reasons for limiting the use of tap water.

Conclusion

Overall, the quality of drinking water with respect to trace metals of human health concern is satisfactory. However, elevated lead levels were found in some FN communities. Until appropriate action can take place, it was recommended to flush the water before use to reduce the lead levels.
Regionally representative hair mercury levels in Canadian First Nations adults living on reserves
Authors: Tikhonov Constantine , Schwartz Harold , Marushka Lesya , Chan Hing Man , Batal Malek , Sadik Tonio , Ing Amy , Fediuk Karen
Published: June 2021

Objective

The primary objective of this participatory study was to assess the current body burden of mercury among First Nations adults.

Methods

The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study (2008–2018) collected regionally representative data from First Nations adults living on reserves south of the 60thparallel. Mercury was analyzed in hair as a preferred biomarker for prolonged exposure. Hair samples, a 5 mm bundle cut from the occipital region, were collected from the participants who gave consent and measured for total mercury concentrations using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry.

Results

In total, 3404 First Nations adults living in 92 communities provided hair samples. This represents 52.5% of the respondents to the household surveys. The mean hair mercury concentrations were 0.56 μg/g among all participants and 0.34 μg/g among women of childbearing age (WCBA). There were 64 exceedances of Health Canada’s mercury biomonitoring guidelines (44 WCBA, 8 women aged 51+ years, 3 men aged 19–50 years, and 9 men aged 51+ years).

Conclusion

Current mercury exposure no longer presents a significant clinical health risk in most of the First Nations population south of the 60thparallel across Canada. However, mercury exposure continues to be an ongoing environmental public health concern that requires continued monitoring and assessment. Women of childbearing age (19–50 years) and older individuals living in northern ecozones and Quebec have higher mercury exposures, often exceeding Health Canada’s guidelines. Careful risk communication and risk management programs need to focus on northern ecozones and Quebec.
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR
USING PID CONTROLLER BASED ON MATLAB
Authors: Alwardat M. Ya. , Balabanov P. V.
Published: June 2021

DC motors are widely used in industrial variable speed applications due to their more demanding speed and torque characteristics and easy control aspects. This article introduces a method to control the speed of a DC motor using a PID controller to control the speed of a DC motor, and also uses MATLAB software for calculations and simulation. The choice of PID parameters has been elucidated as a result of several variation experiments.
The System Analysis of Decision Support
in the Development of a Network of Gas Filling Stations
Authors: Evstifeev A. A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the elements of the project for the development
of software tools for automating decision support processes when planning measures for the development of a regional network of automobile gas filling compressor stations: diagrams of the design and construction of gas filling stations; the problem of finding places for the rational placement of gas filling stations according to the criteria
of process (industrial equipment parameters), structure, cost and topology optimality. The functional diagram contains a description of all information flows and control flows. A variant of the solution of the problem of placing objects of transportation with natural gas, using an algorithm of directed enumeration of variants of solutions,
is proposed.
Processing and Generalization of Experimental Data
on Thermal Diffusivity and Thermal Conductivity
of Magnetic Fluids Depending on the Impact of the Magnetic Field
Authors: Dzhuraev D. S.
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of magnetic fluids based on transformer oil, depending on the effect of a magnetic field in the range of B = 1.59...3.866 mT, and the addition of iron powder 0.1...0.3 g with an interval of 0.05 g. Equations were obtained for calculation with a certain fraction of error in thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of unexplored magnetic fluids.
Research into the Process of Preparing an Additive
for Drywall Based on Polymethylene Naphthalenesulfonate
Authors: Banin R. Yu. , Gatapova N. Ts.
Published: June 2021

In the technology of synthesis of an additive for drywall based
on polymethylene naphthalenesulfonate, it is proposed to carry out an additional stage - the Cannizzaro reaction, which allows reducing the mass fraction of residual formaldehyde. In the process of experimental studies, the effect of the additive on the plasticizing properties of the gypsum dough was revealed.
Zirconium dioxide. Review
Authors: Fedorov Pavel P. , Yarotskaya Evgeniya G.
Published: June 2021

A review of zirconium dioxide or zirconia ZrO2 is presented. The finding of zirconium compounds in nature, the physical and chemical properties of ZrO2 are given, the polymorphism of zirconium oxide, and the phase diagrams of systems with its participation are considered. The areas of application of zirconia compounds are highlighted: automotive industry, electronics industry, energy and industrial ecology, equipment manufacturing and mechanical engineering the production of zirconium-based refractories, ceramics, enamels, glass, superhard materials, applications in medicine, nuclear energetics, and many others areas of human activity. Cubic modification of zirconium dioxide, stabilized by oxides of rare earth elements,is a jewelry stone (fianite). Partially stabilized zirconium dioxide is a versatile structural material with very high resistance to crack propagation. Solid solutions of REE oxides, especially scandium, have a high oxygen conductivity, which is used in sensors for measuring the partial pressure of oxygen and in fuel cells. Attention is paid to heat-resistant oxide ceramic materials with low thermal conductivity used in the quality of heat-resistant coatings. Considerable attention was paid to the second most important mineral of zirconia - baddeleyite (ZrO2). Baddeleyite is widely used in the production of refractory materials. It is mined for the production of metallic zirconium. The achievements of Soviet and Russian scientists in thedevelopment of technologies for the production of fianite and artificial baddeleyite are presented.
Sol-gel synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline praseodymium orthoferrite
Authors: Bui Xuan Vuong , Nguyen Anh Tien
Published: June 2021

In this work, nano-sized crystalline praseodymium orthoferrite was successfully synthesized via sol-gel method using water – methanol co-solvent. Single-phase PrFeO3 nanoparticles were formed after annealing the precursors at 650, 750, 850, and 950 °C during 60 min. The crystal size, lattice volume and coercivity (Hc) of nanocrystalline PrFeO3 increase with the annealing temperature. The obtained praseodymium orthoferrite exhibited paramagnetic properties with Hc = 28 – 34 Oe
Gender differences in lipid metabolism
Authors: Mittova Valentina O. , Khoroshikh Anna O. , Zemchenkova Olga V. , Ryazantsev Sergey V. , Maslov Oleg V. , Korzh Elena V. , Ryasnaya-Lokinskaya Lilia S. , Alabovsky Vladimir V.
Published: June 2021

The search for early markers of atherosclerosis is an effective method for providing personalized medicine allowing the prevention of the progression of this pathology. The aim of this study was the determination of the total indices of dyslipidemia and the identification of the gender indices of the extended lipid profile in the population of residents of the Southern and Central Federal Districts (Voronezh, Belgorod, Lipetsk, Kursk and Rostov regions) for the identification of early markers of atherogenicity. In a simultaneous clinical study, involving 339 patients (mean age 48 years), the concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL (low density lipoproteins), HDL (high density lipoproteins), apolipoproteins B and A1, the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the atherogenic coefficient were determined. For the identification of the relationship between changes in lipid profile indicators with cytolysis syndrome and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism, the activity of ALAT (alanine aminotransferase), GGTP (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) and glucose contentwere also studied. Analysis of the results of the lipid spectrum of the population sample of the middle age group revealed significant metabolic disorders of lipid metabolism with a predominance of atherogenic lipid fractions and a significant excess of indicators of atherogenic lipid fractions in middle-aged men in  comparison with women. It has been shown that the apoB/apoA1 index can be used as an auxiliary marker for early assessment of the prevalence of atherogenic lipid fractions, allowing the identification of risk groups for the development of diseases associated with metabolic disorders
Heat wave dynamics in frozen water droplets with eosin molecules under the femtosecond excitation of a supercontinuum
Authors: Myslitskaya Natalia A. , Tcibulnikova Anna V. , Samusev Ilia G. , Slezhkin Vasiliy A. , Bryukhanov Valeriy V.
Published: June 2021

In this study, we considered thermal processes in liquid and frozen water droplets with added dye molecules and metal nanoparticles at the moment of supercontinuum generation. We studied optical non-linear processes in a water droplet with a diameter of 1.92 mm, cooled (+2 °C) and frozen to -17 °C, with eosin molecules and ablative silver nanoparticles upon femtosecond laser treatment.When we exposed a cooled water droplet and a piece of ice containing eosin molecules and ablative silver nanoparticles to a femtosecond laser beam (l = 1030 nm), we recorded two-photon fluorescence, enhanced by plasmon processes. Also, supercontinuum generation took place, with a period of decay t = 0.02 s. The geometry of non-linear large -scale self-focusing (LLSS ~ 0.45–0.55 mm) was studied. The value of microscale self-focusing (LSSS ~ 0.1 mm) of SC radiation in the laser channel was determined experimentally. The study shows that the energy dissipation in the SC channel increases when the thermal non-linearity exceeds the electronic non-linearity. We modelled the thermal processes and determined the temperaturegradient of the heating of the frozen droplet exposed to a femtosecond pulse. Based on the experimental data, the heat wave propagation velocity was calculated to be n = 0.11 m/s.
Electrophilic-nucleophilic properties as a factor in the formation of antifriction and hydrophobic properties of surface-modified metals with ammonium and organosilicon compounds
Authors: Syrkov Andrey G. , Kabirov Vadim R. , Pomogaibin Alexander P. , Kkhan Ngo Kuok
Published: June 2021

Stabilisation of the functional properties of dispersed and compact metals, as well as the regulation of their reactivity, improvement of water-repellent, antifriction and anti-corrosion properties by creating the protective films on the surface is an urgent problem in relation to obtaining new materials. Previously, research conducted at REC “Nanotechnology” of the St. Petersburg Mining University proved that chemisorption of ethylhydridesiloxane vapours together with surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds has a beneficial effect on the water-repellent properties of metals. In order to obtain the physicochemical mechanism of the hydrophobisation of the surface of modified dispersed metals for the firsttime, the study of the electrophilic-nucleophilic properties of the active substances of the surface modifiers of metals was carried out using the methods of quantum-chemical modelling using HyperChem software package. The dipole moment, energy of the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, electrophilic-nucleophilic properties were determined. The series of enhancement of  ucleophilic/electrophilic properties and dipole moment for modifiers were obtained. The donor-acceptor properties, the differences in the characteristics of the molecules of alkamon, triamon, and hydrophobic silicone organic liquid were quantitatively and qualitatively established. The regularities of the formation of hydrophobic and antifriction properties in the composition of industrial oil I-20-surface-modified metal with various electrophilic-nucleophilic properties of the applied substances
Stature Estimation from Dry Bone and Radiographic Clavicular Measurements in A Thai Population
Authors:   Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand., Mahakkanukrauh Pasuk
Published: June 2021

Stature is one of the main biological features which can be used to classify unidentified skeletal deceased. Also, precise population data is crucial for forensic anthropology frameworks. Nonetheless, the studies concerning this subject in Thailand are limited and regularly focus on long bones. This study attempts to establish stature estimation equations from clavicular dry bone and radiographic measurements. Both sides of the clavicular bones are separated from 25 female and 112 male deceased in an autopsy room situated in Bangkok, Thailand. Twelve variables of each side of the clavicle are measured. The study outcomes show that stature can be estimated by applying 3 variables in a stepwise regression analysis model in unidentified sex remains, with R2 = 0.49 and standard error of estimation (SEE) 5.238 cm. Moreover, the height of the sternal end of clavicle bones can be used to estimate stature in cases of fragmented clavicles recovered from crime scenes with R2 = 0.238 and SEE 6.353 cm. Maximum length shows the best correlation and model fit with stature (R = 0.562, R2 = 0.316 and SEE 6.020 cm) from radiographic measurements. Therefore, this study presents a complementary, beneficial method for forensic anthropologists to create biological profiles of unidentified skeletal remains in cases where the long bones are not obtainable. Moreover, stature estimation from radiographic measurements can be applied in cases of partial skeletonisation.
Los Qualia y la Experiencia de la Consciencia en el Arte
Authors: León-Río Belén
Published: June 2021

Our life would be surrounded by a universal property called qualia that would constitute the everyday qualities of existence that would encompass among other things our sensations, perceptions, feelings and intuitions so that we would experience the world in the form of qualia such as light, sound, color, the shape or texture. These qualities would give cohesion to our senses and would have an important role in the art world to be closely linked to our subjective world.In this article we will see how our consciousness would create reality manifesting itself in art through various perceptual experiences related to a qualia network where introspection, intuition, imagination, and creativity would also enter into a more subtle plane. The qualia would help the artist to project himself into everything he would experience, not only in the act of observing but also in the same artistic processes where emotions would be translated into symbols that would enhance our evolution, as the next leap we would make would have to do with our consciousness.
Finnish Primary School Teachers' Emotional Coping in Student-related Stressful Situations
Authors: Go Wooryeon , Leite Lais Oliveira , Havu-Nuutinen Sari
Published: June 2021

The current study aimed to explore primary schoolteacher’s emotional stress-coping strategy and to examine its possible relationships with stressful situations caused by pupils’ misbehaviours in Finland context. A total of 12 items in four subscales with second-order model was the most appropriate structure to understand teachers’ emotional coping strategy. In the student-related stressful situations, the most relevant emotional coping strategies were religion/mindfulness,social support from family members, and self-blame. In addition, when teachers use self-blame to acknowledge their stressful emotions, they use another emotional strategy simultaneously, and vice versa. Those results showed significance of future studies on understanding more effective emotional strategies for student-related stress and investigating how teachers use several types of emotional coping strategies coincidently.
Investigation of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale Psychometric Properties with a Sample of Greek Students
Authors: Lavidas Konstantinos , Manesis Dionysios , Gialamas Vasilios
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed a correlated six first-order factor model which provided the best fit to the data compared to a six-factor model with one superordinate factor. All six factors of the Greek version of the STARS presented convergent and discriminant validity and were internally consistent. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Youth Participatory Action Research as a Catalyst for Health Promotion in a Rural South African School
Authors: Mathikithela Maite , Wood Lesley
Published: June 2021

Rural schools in South Africa face many social and environmental challenges which impact negatively on learner wellbeing and performance. Given the severity and history of these problems, the situation is unlikely to change in the near future. Yet, schools are supposed to be enabling environments, providing holistic support to learners from communities plagued by severe economic, health and social challenges. A different strategy is clearly needed to promote the health and wellbeing of learners. Youth participatory action research (YPAR) appears to offer a plausible approach to kick start improved, health-promoting responses from within the school. We facilitated a YPAR process with volunteer learners from Grade10 to find out how they could begin to transform their rural school. Using arts-based methods, the learners were successful in raising awareness of the negative effects they were suffering as a result of the poor social-emotional climate in the school, the unsanitary facilities and the lack of opportunities to engage in physical exercise. The actions they took to address these issues were a catalyst for ongoing positive change in the school.  The findings add to literature about how YPAR can make schools more enabling spaces.
HALÛK NURBAKİ’NİN KUR’ÂN’A BİLİMSEL YAKLAŞIMININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Hikmet
Published: June 2021

ÖzHalûk Nurbaki (1924-1997) bir tıp doktoru ve yazardır. Türkiye’de daha çok Kur’ân’ı bilimsel verilerle yorumlamasıyla tanınmaktadır. İlmî müktesebatını ve tasavvufî kültürünü birleştirerek birçok sûrenin ve âyetin yorumunu yapmıştır. Bu bağlamda bazen ilginç yorumlar sunmuştur. “Tefsir” kelimesi yerine “yorum” kelimesini kullanan Nurbaki, âyetlerin çeviri ve yorumu konusunda birtakım ilkelerin olduğunu kabul etmektedir. Ona göre en sağlıklı Kur’ân yorumu âyetlerin, âyetlerle, hadislerle veya ashabın sözleri ile yapılanıdır. Arap dili de önemli bir kaynaktır. Ancak bazı âyetlerin yorumlarında bu kaynaklar kâfi gelmeyebilir. Bu noktada ilmî gelişmeler âyetlerin yorumlanmasında en aydınlık yoldur. Ne var ki Nurbaki’nin Kur’ân yorumlarında, Kur’ân’ı bilimsel verilerle yorumlayan diğer yorumlara benzer bir kısım zaaflar görmek mümkündür. İşte bu makalede Nurbaki’nin Kur’ân’a ilişkin bilimsel yorumları çeşitli açılardan ele alınmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Kur’ân, Âyet, Nurbaki, Yorum, Bilimsel.
A PLATFORM FOR ULTRA-COLD EXTERNAL CAVITY DIODE LASERS
Authors: KÜÇÜKKARA İbrahim , POLAT Barış
Published: June 2021

We report on the construction of a platform for ultra-cold tuneable external cavity diode laser system working well below the room temperature (-75 0C) under rough vacuum (28mBar). A theoretical procedure is also presented to calculate thermal control parameters including heat transfer rate, thermal isolation and heat dissipation of the system. Temperature tuning capability of the system was examined utilizing a 658nm (AlGaInP) single mode laser diode. With the system designed the temperature dependent tuning range was expended to almost two fold while halving the bandwidth regarding to its room temperature performances.
VIBRATIONAL STUDIES OF MONOMER, DIMER AND TRIMER STRUCTURES OF 4-CARBOXY PHENYLBORONIC ACID
Authors: DİKMEN Gökhan , ALVER Özgür
Published: June 2021

4-Carboxy Phenylboronic acid (4-cpba) was investigated theoretically and experimentally by spectroscopic methods such as FT-IR and Raman. The molecular structure and spectroscopic parameters were determined by computational methods. The molecular dimer1, dimer2 and trimer structures were investigated for intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Moreover, minimum conformational energy search was carried out by potantial energy surface (PES). Potential energy distribution analysis of normal modes was performed to identify characteristic frequencies. The findings of this research work should be useful to experimentalists in their quests for functionalised 4-cpba derivatives.
ON ESTIMATING PARAMETERS OF LINDLEY-GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
Authors: TANIŞ Caner , KARAKAYA Kadir
Published: June 2021

Lindley-geometric (LG) distribution is generated by compounding Lindley and geometric distribution. We tackle the problem of estimating parameters for LG distribution. For this purpose maximum likelihood, least-squares, weighted least-squares, Anderson-Darling and Crámer–von-Mises are used in order to estimate the two parameters of LG distribution. We also consider an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study to evaluate these methods according to the biases and mean-squared errors (MSEs). Finally, eight real data applications are presented.
A NEW MODEL ON AUTOMATIC TEXT SUMMARIZATION FOR TURKISH
Authors: BAL Salih , ŞORA GÜNAL Efnan
Published: June 2021

The amount of data available in the electronic environment is increasing day by day with the development of technology. It becomes tough and time consuming for the users to access the information they desire within this increasing amount of data. Automatic text summarization systems have been developed to reach the desired information within texts in a shorter time than that of manual text summarization. In this paper, a new extractive text summarization model is proposed. In the proposed model, the inclusion of sentences of a given text in the summary is decided based on a classification approach. Also, the effectiveness of widely used features for automatic text summarization in the Turkish language is evaluated using sequential feature selection methods. The evaluations were carried out specifically for Turkish texts in the categories of economy, art, and sports. The experimental work justified the performance of the proposed text summarization method and revealed how effective the features are.
Historical Trends in Expressive Timing Strategies: Chopin's Etude, Op. 25 no. 1
Authors: Rector Michael
Published: June 2021

Studies of early 20th-century performance practice tend to focus on features that are alien to late 20th- and early 21st-century ears. Empirical analysis of timing in recordings of Chopin's Etude, Op. 25 no. 1—a piece for which performance style has remained relatively static—suggests how some foundational rules of phrasing and expressive nuance have changed over the history of recorded music. Melody note onsets were marked manually in 127 commercial recordings dating from 1909 to 2016. Overall, the data do not show an increase or decrease over time in the amount of tempo fluctuation. Independently of a tendency to use slower tempi, pianists changed the way they employ rubato. Several factors contribute to a trend whereby the fourth beat is lengthened at the expense of the second and third beats: an increase in phrase-final lengthening, an increase in the use of tempo arching for shorter groups of measures, and a tendency to delay the arrival of an accented dissonance or change of harmony instead of lengthening the melody inter-onset interval that contains it. The data illustrate nearly imperceptible shifts in interpretation and suggest that some practices thought to be the bedrock of expressive performance may be historically conditioned.
Auditory Streaming Complexity and Renaissance Mass Cycles
Authors: Upham Finn , Cumming Julie
Published: June 2021

How did Renaissance listeners experience the polyphonic mass ordinary cycle in the soundscape of the church? We hypothesize that the textural differences in complexity between mass movements allowed listeners to track the progress of the service, regardless of intelligibility of the text or sophisticated musical knowledge.  Building on the principles of auditory scene analysis, this article introduces the Auditory Streaming Complexity Estimate, a measure to evaluate the blending or separation of each part in polyphony, resulting in a moment-by-moment tally of how many independent streams or sound objects might be heard. When applied to symbolic scores for a corpus of 216 polyphonic mass ordinary cycles composed between c. 1450 and 1600, we show that the Streaming Complexity Estimate captures information distinct from the number of parts in the score or the distribution of voices active through the piece. While composers did not all follow the same relative complexity strategy for mass ordinary movements, there is a robust hierarchy emergent from the corpus as a whole: a shallow V shape with the Credo as the least complex and the Agnus Dei as the most. The streaming complexity of masses also significantly increased over the years represented in this corpus.
Reanalyzing Schotanus 2020: A reaction to Lee's commentary
Authors: Schotanus Yke
Published: June 2021

In his commentary on Schotanus 2020 "Singing and Accompaniment Support the Processing of Song Lyrics and Change the Lyrics", Lee (2020) discusses several methodological issues related to this article, proposes a reanalysis of part the data, and asks for additional research. This reaction provides the reanalysis asked for, and briefly discusses additional research, and further issues.
Editor's Note
Authors: M Daniel , Shanahan Daniel
Published: June 2021

No abstract available.
Thoracoscopy in treatment of bullous lung disease complicated by pneumothorax
Authors: Bisenkov L. N. , Gladyshev D. V. , Lishenko V. V. , Chuprina A. P.
Published: June 2021

The authors’ treatment experience of 292 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax is presented. Results of the pleural drainage (188 patients), thoracoscopy and talc pleurodesis (43 patients), videothoracoscopic surgical treatment (61 patients) are discussed. Recurrent pneumothorax after videothoracoscopic treatment was in 1 case only and only 1 patient needed in open thoracotomy (p < 0.05). Videothoracoscopy is an accurate, safe, and reliable alternative for open thoracotomy and conservative treatment in the management of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.
Diagnostic and informative values of clinical and phenotypical signs for early detection of bronchial asthma
Authors: Golevtsova Z. Sh. , Bagisheva N. V. , Ovsyannikov N. V.
Published: June 2021

Regarding poor detection of bronchial asthma (BA) in outpatient facilities diagnostic values of main clinical and phenotypical BA signs were investigated to improve early diagnosis of the disease. To verify the diagnosis we elaborated a clinic variant of BA, assessed medical documents and questioned 96 patients. The correct diagnosis was found to be reached usually in some years after the appearance of the first BA symptoms (in average 12.49 ± 7.32 yrs) in spite of typical onset of the disease in all the cases: dry cough attacks in 82.2 %, asthma attacks in 6.3 %, dyspnoea in 46.9 %, and chest tightness while contacting with an allergen or an unspecific irritant (dynamic physical exercise, stress, cold air) in 7.3 % of the patients. Detailing of symptoms was performed and diagnostic value of every sign was determined. Discriminative coefficients were calculated for reliably high influencing signs; their informative values and probability of BA detection were defined. Subjective and objective causes of late BA diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed based on medical documentation and questioning 92 doctors of outpatient facilities.
Endocrine system of gastro-intestinal tract in bronchial asthma patients
Authors: Chamsutdinov N. U.
Published: June 2021

Endocrine system of the gastrointestinal mucus membrane was studied in atopic bronchial asthma (BA) patients. Chronic IgE-determined immune inflammation under imbalance of the local endocrine mechanisms was revealed in the gastrointestinal mucus membrane of these patients. This fact proposes immunoendocrine causes of gastrointestinal injury in BA.
Influence of nasal corticosteroid therapy duration on its efficiency at nasal polyposis
Authors: Chernyak B. A. , Nosulya E. V. , Sekretareva L. B. , Kim I. A.
Published: June 2021

Efficacy of fluticasone propionate (FP) – Flixonase, GSK, in 76 patients with nasal polyposis (NP) was studied. After the first 3-month trial phase (FP 400 mcg / day), 46 patients (the 1 st group) have continued the 12-month treatment with FP 200 mcg / day, and 23 patients (the 2-nd group) have stopped the therapy with nasal steroids. Intensity of nasal symptoms using a 4-point scale, need for topical vasoconstrictors, rhinometric ventilation parameters (nasal inspiratory flow, NIF, nasal resistance, NR) and endoscopic symptoms were evaluated every 3 months. Trial results showed various shifts in clinical and functional parameters in the compared groups. The intensity of NP symptoms in the 1-st group decreased and reached the minimal level in 6 to 12 months, NIF rate reduced and NR decreased while reaching the normal values after 12 months of the FP therapy. The 2-nd patient group had a considerable worsening of the NP symptoms and in the functional parameters of the nasal breath within 3 months after FP cancellation. After 6 month follow up these indices did not differ essentially from those at the baseline condition. Thus, the early FP cancellation can cause instability of clinical effect and fast recurrence to the initial status. Long-term (for several months) therapy of NP with decrease in the FP dose in 3 months not only can keep the achieved results, but also allows to improve them considerably.
Lung diseases in called-up aged patients
Authors: Shalnova O. A. , Kirillov M. M. , Orlova M. M. , Kirillov S. M. , Chumakova E. S.
Published: June 2021

A problem of lung pathology in called up aged men notwithstanding its great significance has not been studied completely. Four hundred outpatients of the Saratov Pulmonary Center were recruited to this investigation. Of them, 243, or 60.7 %, patients of called up age and younger were admitted by military registration offices. Sixty patients (15 %) more of the same age were admitted to the clinic by city outpatient departments for treatment. Asthma prevailed at the nosology structure of lung diseases in the called up aged patients (90.1 %); chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) (4.5 %) and chronic non obstructive bronchitis (CNOB) (2.9 %) were rarer. Most of the patients (91.4 %) were in stable condition. Of the patients admitted by the outpatient departments, asthma and COB also predominated but 63.4 % of them had acute exacerbations. Such situation apparently reflects different motivations of admission to a hospital in these patient groups (expert evaluation or conventional diagnosis and treatment). Preliminary diagnosis of the military registration offices was mostly confirmed. The diagnosis was changed in 10 % of the cases demonstrating under estimation or overestimation of asthma and COB, 30 % of the patients needed the diagnosis to be verified. The collective "portrait" of a called up aged man is the following: a student of 17 years old with stable intermittent or mild persistent asthma, rarer mild COB, with no lung function disorders, low blood eosinophil number, regular pollinosis, not requiring therapy.
The smoking status of an organized population at an industrial centre
Authors: Vostrikova E. A. , Osipov А. G. , Bagrova L. O. , Vetlugaeva I. Т. , Kusnetsova O. V. , Tikhonova A. V. , Strelis А. К.
Published: June 2021

Last decades chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has got particular medical and social importance by virtue of its growing spread and essential contribution to morbidity, disability and the death rate. The purpose of this work was to study the prevalence of tobacco smoking as the most aggressive COPD risk factor in various population groups at a large industrial centre. 2,304 industrial workers (males and females) of Kemerovo city were examined. The prevalence and intensity of tobacco smoking and relationship between basic smoking indexes and occupational factors, age, education, smoking of parents, living conditions, or blood group were evaluated in this research. The prevalence of the tobacco smoking among the workers questioned was 70.1 % of males and 25.7 % of females. Of the men, the absolute leaders of the tobacco smoking considering all the parameters were drivers; differences between other groups were insignificant. The greatest value of the smoking index in males was found in those of 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 years old out of proportion to their occupation, the smoking intensity in older men decreased. Attitude to smoking was provided by setting of the environmental and intrinsic factors: high educated men smoked less; probability of the smoking raised in children whose parents were smokers or ex smokers. The blood group III is thought to contribute to the smoking predisposition.
Experimental models for investigating mechanisms of allergic bronchiconstriction
Authors: Kapilevich L. V. , Diakova E. Yu. , Zaitseva T. N. , Sazonov A. E. , Leshcheva I. S. , Nosarev A. V.
Published: June 2021

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Correction of metabolic disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Troventol
Authors: Kolpakova A. F.
Published: June 2021

The study was aimed to investigate efficacy, safety, and ability of correction some metabolic disturbances in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) at the North during therapy with Russian anticholinergic drug Troventol. Thirty-nine moderate COPD patients and 11 mild non-atopic asthma patients were observed. Good clinical efficiency was noted in 72.3 % and satisfactory effect was in 20.8 % of the patients after the Troventol alone therapy. The treatment resulted in normalization of reduced blood antioxidant potential due to increase in intercellular superoxiddysmutase erythrocyte level, ceruloplasmin and transferrin plasma levels. Troventol provided normalization of increased fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane lipid bilayer. Therapeutic doses of Troventol were well-tolerated and did not cause severe adverse effects.