bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Study on Menstrual Pattern among Adolescent Girls in Aligarh
Authors: Tarannum Farha , Khalique Najam , Eram Uzma
Published: June 2020

Background: Adolescents (10-19 years) constitute 21.3% of total population of India. Major biological milestone in this period is the beginning of menstruation The menstrual cycle are characterized by variability in volume, pattern and regularity. There are few research on menstrual pattern of adolescent girls. Hence this study will highlight the menstrual pattern and factors affecting it.

Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study in schools under Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh was undertaken. A total of 422 girls were taken by systematic random sampling with probability proportionate to size. Data was analysed statistically by bivariate analysis and multivariate (binary) logistic model by backward LR method using SPSS Version 20.

Results: 39.1% of girls experienced irregular cycle. Heavy bleeding was reported by 25.6% girls and 18.7% had scanty bleeding. Irregular cycle was 4.25 times in underweight and 2.19 times in overweight/obese compared to normal body mass index. There was 46% reduction in irregular cycle for those who attained menarche for more than 2 years.

Conclusion: There are many host factors which influence menstrual pattern in girls. These factors increases the girls risk for various reproductive disorders in future.
Identification of the Relationship Between Life Satisfaction and Narcissism Levels of University Students
Authors: Karakulak İzzet , Tazegül Ünsal
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between life satisfaction and narcissism levels of students of the Physical Education and Sports School of Mardin Artuklu University located in southeastern Turkey. In the study, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Narcissistic Personality Inventory were employed in order to collect data. Sample of the study is comprised of a total of 155 Physical Education and Sports School students who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. 56 participants were female and 99 participants were male. In the data analysis of this research, SPSS 20.0 software was utilized. Independent Samples T-Test, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were used in data analysis. At the end of the statistical analysis, it was found that female students had quantitatively higher narcissistic personality and life satisfaction scores than male students. Thus, it was inferred that female students behaved more narcissistically and were more engaged with life. However, along with the comparison of students’ narcissism and life satisfaction scores particularly on the basis of departments of Physical Education and Sports School at which students were enrolled, it was ascertained that there was no statistically significant difference in either narcissism scores or life satisfaction scores.
Investigation of the Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Turkish Language and Literature Teachers in Practicing Constructivist Approach in Terms of Various Variables
Authors: Veyis Fatih
Published: June 2020

It is a scientifically and developmentally undeniable reality that the educational activities that guide education and training activities and aim to raise the nation according to the requirements of the age and keep up with the necessary arrangements for this purpose. With the periodic developments in the world, the transformation in the philosophy of education and understanding of education has brought along the application of new approaches and understandings in education. The constructivist approach that started to be applied in education with these developments is also one of the new educational approaches. Constructivist understanding is defined as a process in which students are actively involved in educational activities and new information is built on pre-learning. Constructivism is a contemporary understanding that covers all kinds of practices that the student can actively engage in the learning process, and it emphasizes that education can be successful to the extent that it can serve individual differences. It has been fifteen years since the practices on constructivism started to be implemented in our country. During this period and as a point reached, it is a question of how much this understanding is applied. With this research, it is aimed to examine the self-efficacy beliefs of Turkish language and literature teachers towards applying constructivist approach in terms of various variables.
Ética, trabajo social y derecho a la accesibilidad | Ethics, social work and right to accessibility
Authors: Aparicio Payá Manuel , Rodríguez Díaz Susana
Published: June 2020

En este trabajo nos ocupamos de la cuestión de la accesibilidad universal desde una perspectiva teórica de engarce entre los derechos humanos y la ética profesional del trabajo social. Aunque se trata de un derecho humano de las personas con diversidad funcional reconocido en la Convención de la ONU de 2006, fundamental para el empoderamiento de su autonomía y para una plena participación social, su implementación dista mucho de ser adecuada en nuestra sociedad. Desde un plano ético justificamos que constituye un compromiso de justicia que, dada la relevancia señalada, requiere de más atención en la formación y en una práctica profesional de los servicios sociales centrada en las personas con diversidad funcional. Finalizamos el texto apuntando algunas implicaciones derivadas de este derecho humano en un enfoque ético del trabajo social.
Increasing the Growth and Production of Irrigated Rice Through the Integrated Application of Rice–Duck–Azolla
Authors: Safriyani Etty , Hasmeda Mery , Munandar Munandar , Sulaiman Firdauas , Holidi Holidi
Published: June 2020

The application of integrated agriculture is an effort to reduce dependence up on agrochemicals and increase the absorption of nutrients, especially nitrogen, to increase plant growth and production. Azolla is an algae that can provide nitrogen for rice, while ducks can increase the availability of N, P, and K, as well as the efficiency of nitrogen use. This research aimed to evaluate the role of ducks and Azolla in increasing the growth and production of rice plants. This research was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 using an experimental method with a nonfactorial randomized block design. The combinations of nitrogen fertilizers, Azolla, and ducks (K) were as follows: K1 = 115 kg N ha−1, without ducks, without Azolla; K2 = 86 kg N ha−1, without ducks, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K3 = 86 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K4 = 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K5 = 29 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; and K6 = without N fertilizer, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1. The results showed that the application of 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, and 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1 (K4) was able to decrease the N fertilizer application by 50% and increase the rice growth and yield by 12.17% and 20.32%, respectively. Therefore, the integrated application of rice–duck–Azolla would support sustainable agriculture.
School as a space of activities and possibilities. Ethnographic case study of the school of The Civic Educational Association in Warsaw
Authors: Krasuska-Betiuk Marta , Żebrowska Edyta
Published: June 2020

The issues of the text have been addressed in the area of school pedagogy; its purpose is to describe the capital's institution through the prism of selected values. The subject of the analyses, carried out in the interpretative paradigm, focuses on the category of the axiological space of school, reconstructed from the program concept and pedagogy present in the journalistic educational discourse of the head teacher of this community school. An important dimension of the culture of the described school is relational trust, which is why the article sets out the conditions conducive to its existence.
Epiphanic "The Third Wave Experience" - Ron Jones and students
Authors: Marciniak Agata
Published: June 2020

The Third Wave Experience was an experiment created by California high school history teacher Ron Jones in 1967 to explain how the German population could accept the Nazi regime before the Second World War. The paper presents in detailes the course of this experiment, analysis and assessment of teacher's attitudes and activities as well as factors conditioning students involvement. Analyzes conducted in the paper indicate an epiphanic character of The Third Wave Experience.
Recent Developments in European Private International Law under Case Law of the Court of Justice
Authors: Slašťan Miroslav
Published: June 2020

Within the context of the subject of the Private International Law Section, the contribution identifies selected recent judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, which indicate further developments in this area of law. The contribution will focus on the provisions for determining international jurisdiction as well as the recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions.
Unraveling one of the ‘Big Five’: update of the taxonomy of Triphoridae (Gastropoda, Triphoroidea) from Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Maurício Romulo , Pimenta Alexandre Dias
Published: June 2020

The present study aims to fulfill the gap of taxonomic knowledge on Triphoridae from Brazil. We describe five new species (Isotriphora uncia sp. nov., Isotriphora leo sp. nov., Monophorus verecundus sp. nov., Sagenotriphora albocaput sp. nov., Similiphora lucida sp. nov.), report five species previously known only from the Caribbean and related areas (Cheirodonta dupliniana (Olsson, 1916), Eutriphora auffenbergi Rolán & Lee, 2008, Isotriphora tricingulata Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015, Marshallora ostenta Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2008, Monophorus caracca (Dall, 1927) comb. nov.) and describe six morphotypes at the generic level (Isotriphora sp. 1, Marshallora sp. 1, Nanaphora sp. 1, Sagenotriphora sp. 1, Sagenotriphora sp. 2, Similiphora sp. 1). Remarks are made to some species previously recorded from Brazil, including the invalidation of records, problems of generic allocation and geographical range extensions. Maps of the geographical distribution are provided for the 65 currently recognized species of Triphoridae from Brazil. Of these, 31 species are endemic to Brazil and 58 inhabit the continental shelf vs only seven from the continental slope. A distinct geographical zone occurs in southeastern Brazil. A few species occur exclusively near the mouth of the Amazon River, whereas others inhabit a local biogenic reef, possibly serving as a biogeographical corridor that connects western Atlantic populations. Species of Isotriphora from Brazil are particularly common around oceanic islands, probably due to adopting intracapsular metamorphosis, which may have evolved in more than one evolutionary event.
Purposeful Questioning with High Cognitive–Demand Tasks
Authors: Hallman-Thrasher Allyson , Spangler Denise A.
Published: June 2020

We share ideas for preparing for and enacting high-cognitive demand tasks in ways that support students in articulating and justifying their ideas. We offer strategies for developing and posing several types of purposeful questions: (1) eliciting thinking, (2) generating ideas, (3) clarifying explanations, and (4) justifying claims.
Digital First: Not Just an Add-On
Authors: Edwards Clayton M. , Robichaux-Davis Rebecca R.
Published: June 2020

This manuscript will highlight MTLT's digital first philosophy, which is not just an add-on to the mathematics, but a partner, working hand in hand with the mathematics to enhance the experience.
Comportamento sedentário em universitários de educação física
Authors: Bezerra Marcos Antonio Araújo , Alencar Andrezza de Souza , Pereira Cícero Cleber Brito , Silva Cicero Rodrigo da , Lara Belmudes Bottcher
Published: June 2020

O estilo de vida, como maus hábitos são constatados em diferentes populações, inclusive em estudantes universitários, o comportamento sedentário é tido como hábitos que geram preocupações graves a saúde pública. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar o padrão de comportamento sedentário de universitários de educação física. Trata-se de um estudo de campo, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa e corte transversal, realizado com universitários de educação física de um centro universitário da região do Cariri cearense. Foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado do tipo formulário via plataforma 'google forms', disponibilizados para a amostra por meio de redes sociais de cada semestre do curso em questão. Os dados continham indagação acerca de: sexo, idade, semestre letivo, exercício de função laboral, situação conjugal, e percepções de qualidade de vida, qualidade do sono e de percepção de saúde. Foi utilizado o software JASP na versão 0.9.0.1, para análise dos dados através de estatística descritiva por distribuição de frequência. Teste-t de Student para amostras independentes e teste qui-quadrado (x²) foram utilizados, adotando um alfa <0,05. Participaram da pesquisa 120 universitários (41,7% do sexo feminino e 58,3% do sexo masculino), com idade média de 23,59±5,41 anos. Observou-se uma associação entre a função laboral e o sexo, ocorrendo uma predominância da não função laboral por parte das mulheres. Ao realizar análise do comportamento sedentário junto ao aparelho celular é evidenciado sua maior proporção entre os homens (58,9%) com um tempo médio em frente a tela do aparelho de 6,28±2,74 horas. O curso de licenciatura se demonstra com o maior comportamento sedentário (51,8%), a amostra do 7º e 8º semestre se destacam a maior acoplo de associação (32,1%), enquanto  universitários que não exercem função laboral se encontram em comportamento sedentário ao celular (59,8%). Conclui-se que os universitários de educação física que compõem essa amostra apresentam comportamento sedentário no que diz respeito ao uso de smartphones, sendo o curso de licenciatura mais evidente proporcionalmente e que tal comportamento evolui com o passar dos semestres.
Dor fantasma em pacientes submetidos à amputação: revisão integrativa
Authors: Estevão Mariane Cristina , Miranda Christiano , Pereira Ana Paula Gomes Soares , Souza Elvis das Neves de , Pereira Renan Sallazar Ferreira , Ribeiro Cyntia Ferreira , Melo Allan Ulisses Carvalho de
Published: June 2020

A dor fantasma é citada desde o século XV, sendo descrita pela primeira vez em 1866 como sensação ao membro removido e sua titulação dor fantasma redefinida entre 1871-1872. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar na literatura a semiologia, tratamento e os cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente submetido à amputação e que apresenta dor fantasma.Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada por meio das seguintes bases secundárias: coleção Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e o Google Acadêmico, a partir dos descritores: ‘Dor’ and ‘Dor Fantasma’ and ‘Amputação’ and ‘Enfermagem’. Como critérios de inclusão adotou-se: textos completos realizados no período de 1990 a 2014, nos idiomas português e inglês. Os artigos selecionados foram dispostos num quadro síntese segundo as variáveis: autor, revista com o ano, título do artigo e objetivo geral do estudo. Foram incluídos estudos com texto completos, publicados no período de 1990 a 2014, n os idiomas português e inglês. Os estudos foram agrupados em três categorias: pacientes amputados que tiveram dor fantasma, tratamentos utilizados nesse controle e o papel de enfermagem para com estes. Foram recuperados 40 artigos na base de dados, dos quais 30 foram excluídos. Após leitura minuciosa, foram eleitos 11 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade definidos no estudo. A dor fantasma é um problema recorrente entre pacientes submetidos a amputação. Embora este tema seja relevante para os profissionais da saúde, poucos estudos vem trazendo a semiologia, tratamento e cuidados de enfermagem.
Discursos de agricultura urbana em São Paulo: formação, profusão e captura
Authors: Jayo Martin , De Lima Caldas Eduardo
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O artigo visa chamar a atenção para algumas formas recentes de apropriação da pauta da agricultura urbana na cidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, utilizando-nos da análise histórica desenvolvida por Caldas e Jayo (2019) para as práticas paulistanas de agricultura urbana, procuramos caracterizar os diferentes discursos em defesa dessa atividade que historicamente se fizeram presentes na cidade. A discussão permite observar que os discursos tradicionais da agricultura urbana têm sido capturados por alguns novos atores, dentre os quais parte do setor público, que se apropria do tema de forma oportunista, e o mercado imobiliário, que promove um simulacro de agricultura urbana como elemento de marketing.Palavras-chave: Agricultura urbana. Segurança alimentar. Agenda política. Captura. São Paulo. Abstract: The article aims to draw attention to some recent forms of appropriation of the urban agriculture agenda in the city of São Paulo. To do so, we follow the historical analysis developed by Caldas and Jayo (2019) for the urban agriculture practices held in São Paulo, and try to characterize the different discourses in defense of this activity that have historically been present in the city. The discussion allows us to observe that traditional discourses of urban agriculture in São Paulo have been captured by some new actors such as part of the public sector, who appropriates the theme opportunistically, and the real estate market, which promotes an imitation of urban agriculture as an element of marketing.Keywords: Uban agriculture. Food security. Political agenda. Capture. São Paulo. Resumen: El artículo pretende llamar la atención sobre formas recientes de apropiación de la agenda de agricultura urbana en la ciudad de São Paulo. Para ello, retomamos el análisis histórico propuesto por Caldas y Jayo (2019) para las prácticas de agricultura urbana en São Paulo, y tratamos de caracterizar los diferentes discursos en defensa de esas prácticas que históricamente se han hecho presentes en la ciudad. La discusión nos permite observar que los discursos tradicionales de la agricultura urbana han sido capturados por nuevos actores, entre ellos parte del sector público, que se apropia del tema de forma oportunista, y el mercado inmobiliario, que promueve un simulacro de agricultura como elemento de marketing.Palabras clave: Agriculura urbana. Seguridad alimentaria. Agenda política. Captura. São Paulo.
Evaluation of the dismissed forensic medicine specialists and other forensic professionals in Turkey
Authors: Keten Alper
Published: June 2020

The right to work, one of the fundamental human rights, expresses the right of all individuals to maintain a dignified life by having an income, earned through work (UDHR, 1948). Following the coup attempt on 15 July 2016, the Turkish government declared a state of emergency on 20 July 2016. This lasted 730 days until 20 July 2018. During this period, 32 decrees were issued by the Turkish government. With these decrees, 150,348 public officials including judges, pros- ecutors, civil servants, teachers, bureaucrats, medical doctors and academics were dismissed without any investigation (Turkey Purge, 2019). With regard to the group of forensic professional experts, many have been dismissed following decrees issued by the Turkish government.
Medical examination of detainees in Catalonia, Spain, carried out in the presence of police officers
Authors: Vivancos Carme , Rivera Beiras Iñaki
Published: June 2020

Introduction: On 14th October 2019, the Supreme Court of Spain issued a court judgment convicting social and political leaders in Catalonia, of crimes of embezzlement, sedition and disobedience. Following this, widespread protests in Catalonia began. During these protests, there were also numerous clashes between protesters and members of different Catalan and Spanish police forces, which ended with more than 600 people suf- fering injuries to varying degrees.

Method: Semi-structured interviews in prison (n=22) with people injured and detained during demonstrations. 

Results: No detainees were informed of their right to a medical examination. 50% of detain- ees reported access to medical examinations in police custody. In all cases this was carried out in primary healthcare centres in the presence of police in the examination room. In all cases the report was given to the police instead of the detainee. The whereabouts of this docu- mentation is unknown despite attempts from the detainees and their lawyers to obtain them. 31% of detainees reported being medically examined in the courthouse, with police presence at all examinations. Finally, all detainees reported routine medical examinations at the entrance to prison for pre-trial detention, none of which were carried out in the presence of police forces. Detainees reported good treatment once in the prison.

Conclusion: The results show a serious breach of regional, national and international, regulations and in particular the Istanbul Protocol principles relating to the medical examination of detainees.
A survey-based analysis of the academic job market
Authors: Fernandes Jason D , Sarabipour Sarvenaz , Smith Christopher T , Niemi Natalie M , Jadavji Nafisa M , Kozik Ariangela J , Holehouse Alex S , Pejaver Vikas , Symmons Orsolya , Bisson Filho Alexandre W , Haage Amanda
Published: June 2020

Many postdoctoral researchers apply for faculty positions knowing relatively little about the hiring process or what is needed to secure a job offer. To address this lack of knowledge about the hiring process we conducted a survey of applicants for faculty positions: the survey ran between May 2018 and May 2019, and received 317 responses. We analyzed the responses to explore the interplay between various scholarly metrics and hiring outcomes. We concluded that, above a certain threshold, the benchmarks traditionally used to measure research success – including funding, number of publications or journals published in – were unable to completely differentiate applicants with and without job offers. Respondents also reported that the hiring process was unnecessarily stressful, time-consuming, and lacking in feedback, irrespective of outcome. Our findings suggest that there is considerable scope to improve the transparency of the hiring process.
Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Esophageal Squamous Dysplasia
Authors: Kim Gwang Ha
Published: June 2020

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the seventh most common cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Esophageal squamous dysplasia is the only histopathology that predicts the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is difficult to identify esophageal squamous dysplasia by conventional endoscopy; however, Lugol chromoendoscopy is useful for the diagnosis of such a lesion. In addition, advance endoscopic detection techniques, such as image-enhanced endoscopy (especially, narrow-band imaging), magnifying endoscopy, and endocytoscopy, are helpful in detecting esophageal squamous dysplasia. Similar to the treatment for early esophageal cancer, endoscopic resection such as endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection is the choice of treatment for esophageal squamous dysplasia. This review discusses esophageal squamous dysplasia in detail, especially in terms of endoscopic diagnosis and clinical management.
The reproductive inhibitory effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and EP-1 in Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii)
Authors: Shi Luye , Li Xiujuan , Ji Zhihong , Wang Zishi , Shi Yuhua , Tian Xiangyu , Wang Zhenlong
Published: June 2020

Background

Rodent pests can inflict devastating impacts on agriculture and the environment, leading to significant economic damage associated with their high species diversity, reproductive rates and adaptability. Fertility control methods could indirectly control rodent pest populations as well as limit ecological consequences and environmental concerns caused by lethal chemical poisons. Brandt’s voles, which are common rodent pests found in the grasslands of middle-eastern Inner Mongolia, eastern regions of Mongolia, and some regions of southern Russia, were assessed in the present study.

Methods

We evaluated the effects of a 2-mg/kg dose of levonorgestrel and quinestrol and a 1:1 mixture of the two (EP-1) on reproductive behavior as well as changes in the reproductive system, reproductive hormone levels, and toxicity in Brandt’s voles.

Results

Our results revealed that all three fertility control agents can cause reproductive inhibition at a dosage of 2 mg/kg. However, quinestrol caused a greater degree of toxicity, as determined by visible liver damage and reduced expression of the detoxifying molecule CYP1A2. Of the remaining two fertility control agents, EP-1 was superior to levonorgestrel in inhibiting the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and causing reproductive inhibition. We believe that these findings could help promote the use of these fertility control agents and, in turn, reduce the use of chemical poisons and limit their detrimental ecological and environmental impacts.
Aquatic insect community structure revealed by eDNA metabarcoding derives indices for environmental assessment
Authors: Uchida Noriko , Kubota Kengo , Aita Shunsuke , Kazama So
Published: June 2020

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis provides an efficient and objective approach for monitoring and assessing ecological status; however, studies on the eDNA of aquatic insects, such as Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT), are limited despite its potential as a useful indicator of river health. Here, we investigated the community structures of aquatic insects using eDNA and evaluated the applicability of eDNA data for calculating assessment indices. Field surveys were conducted to sample river water for eDNA at six locations from upstream to downstream of two rivers in Japan in July and November 2016. Simultaneously, aquatic insects were collected using the traditional Surber net survey method. The communities of aquatic insects were revealed using eDNA by targeting the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene in mitochondrial DNA via metabarcoding analyses. As a result, the eDNA revealed 63 families and 75 genera of aquatic insects, which was double than that detected by the Surber net survey (especially for families in Diptera and Hemiptera). The seasonal differences of communities were distinguished by both the eDNA and Surber net survey data. Furthermore, the total nitrogen concentration, a surrogate of organic pollution, showed positive correlations with biotic environmental assessment indices (i.e., EPT index and Chironomidae index) calculated using eDNA at the genus-level resolution but the indices calculated using the Surber net survey data. Our results demonstrated that eDNA analysis with higher taxonomic resolution can provide as a more sensitive environmental assessment index than the traditional method that requires biotic samples.
Pluriactividad del trabajo femenino: recurrencias y transiciones. Un estudio de caso en Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Vallejo Román Janett , Rodríguez Torrent Juan Carlos
Published: June 2020

El eje central de este trabajo es presentar un estudio asociado a las transformaciones experimentadas por las familias rurales y los cambios en el mercado de trabajo, enfatizando el papel actual de las mujeres en la industria textil y de confección en el municipio de Tepetitla de Lardizábal, Tlaxcala.En el contexto de globalización neoliberal se aprecia una redirección y decantación de las mujeres al mercado del trabajo en los espacios rurales, poniendo de manifiesto: a) la necesidad de incorporación de más miembros del grupo doméstico en la búsqueda de ingresos, b) la multiplicación de sus jornadas de trabajo, c) prácticas poco justas y equitativas dentro y fuera del hogar con respecto al trabajo, y d) mayor tensión entre los miembros del hogar en el momento de la toma de decisiones respecto al trabajo fuera del hogar por parte de éstas.
Redes de políticas públicas de familia: Una propuesta analítica desde Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Álvarez Ortega Emilio , Sáez Ardura Felipe , Ulloa Martínez Jorge
Published: June 2020

La comparación entre el análisis tradicional de redes de políticas públicas (RPP) con algunos de los elementos del entramado teórico-metodológico que Pierre Bourdieu desarrolló para el estudio de los campos sociales, permitió formular una propuesta de análisis complementaria al enfoque con el cual se estudia habitualmente este tipo de redes. Se desarrolla dicha propuesta de análisis tomando como caso de estudio el trabajo que durante el año 2010 realizó la Comisión Asesora Presidencial  “Mujer,Trabajo y Maternidad”,constituida en Chile por el Presidente Sebastián Piñera mediante decreto.Mientras el análisis tradicional de RPP pone el acento en la interacción generada entre los distintos actores (acuerdos, cooperación, solidaridad) y los recursos que circulan en ella (conocimiento, información, dinero), la propuesta teórica de Pierre Bourdieu centra su análisis en la estructura que subyace a la interacción, y que opera de una manera permanente e invisible. Para que esta estructura emerja, se hace necesario el estudio de la distribución de las distintas formas de capital que poseen los agentes que participan en una red y que configuran un campo que es reproducido o reestructurado por las prácticas sociales que genera el habitus.La perspectiva de análisis que proporcionan las nociones teóricas de campo, agente, capital y habitus, sumado a la capacidad del Análisis de Correspon129dencias Múltiples (ACM) para hacer emerger la estructura social que subyace a la interacción, busca contribuir a una mayor y mejor comprensión de las RPP como nueva forma de coordinación entre el Estado y la sociedad civil, y a la superación de las deficiencias del análisis tradicional de RPP.
Sociedad civil en América Latina: Una conversación con el Dr. Alberto J. Olvera.
Authors: Roldán Tonioni Andrés Fernando
Published: June 2020

Se presenta a continuación una entrevista al Profesor Alberto J. Olvera, destacado investigador de los procesos de construcción democrática en México y en Latinoamérica, realizada en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile[1]. En esta conversación se intentó profundizar en torno a la noción de sociedad civil y sus comprensiones actuales.El entendimiento de la sociedad civil en los contextos postautoritarios ha llevado a replantear la noción en base a las mismas transformaciones de las agrupaciones sociales que la componen. Este concepto ha adquirido un lugar en la teoría política y en Latino América sirvió para dar cuenta de la organización social durante las dictaduras militares. Revisamos en esta entrevista la evolución de esta categoría analítica y su funcionamiento para interpretar la sociedad civil en los actuales regímenes democráticos.[1] Esta entrevista se desarrolló en el marco de la visita del profesor Olvera al Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile, en agosto de 2017.
Propuesta de flexibilización de postgrados en geomatica en la Univerdidad Distrital F. J. C.
Authors: Ortiz Davila Alvaro Enrique
Published: June 2020

En la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas se ofrecen programas de pregrado y postgrado que no tienen una cohesión muy fuerte entre sí, lo que implica que un estudiante que desea completar su ciclo académico e investigativo hacia una maestría o doctorado, le toma 9 o 10 años en obtener si título de magister desde el inicio de su pregrado, o 15 años hasta obtener si título de doctorado. Se propone es este artículo una manera de articular los currículos de los programas de Ingeniería Catastral y Geodesia con la especialización de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, junto con la Maestría en Ciencias de la Información y las Comunicaciones y terminando con el Doctorado en Ingeniería, para que un estudiante pueda terminar desde su pregrado hasta el doctorado en un tiempo de 10 años, obteniendo su título de pregrado, magister y doctorado en los temas relacionados con la Geomática y la Ingeniería.
Investigation of charcoal production in Makurdi and Guma local government areas of Benue state, Nigeria.
Authors: Ekhuemelo David , Tembe Emmanuel Terzungwue , Abah M
Published: June 2020

Economic adversity, scarcity, joblessness and upsurge in the price of oil have dictated the need for people to find alternative means of making a living in respect of domestic cooking energy in Nigeria. Therefore, this work examined charcoal production in both Makurdi and Guma LGAs of Benue state to ascertain its impact, contributions to rural livelihood and efforts in replanting trees felled for charcoal production. Villages involved in charcoal production were identified using snowball sampling techniques. A Multi-stage Sampling Technique was employed to select respondents for data collection as personal interview and semi-structured questionnaire were used. Twelve villages were selected purposively from four Council Wards out of eleven in Makurdi LGA, while six villages were selected from two Council Wards out of ten were ten in Guma LGA. Three charcoal producers and marketers were selected in each village for administration of questionnaire. Results revealed that males (85.4%, 83.7%) were higher than females (14.6%, 16.3%) in Makurdi and Guma LGAs, respectively. Youths between ages of 21-30 years (27.1% and 32.6%) in Makudri and Guma with highest level of secondary education were foremost in the business. Prosopis africana was the most preferred tree species for charcoal production in the area. Despite fewer number of Council Wards chosen in Guma LGA, yet, respondents felled as much as 132 trees per week for charcoal production against 109 trees felled in Makurdi LGA which sum up to 241 trees felled per week. The results also reveal that on weekly bases, 22 charcoal producers in Makurdi earned N25,000, while 18 in Guma LGA earned between N11, 000 - N15, 000 from charcoal business. The result further revealed that, respondents met family needs as feeding, paying school fees and purchase of motorcycle. The major health hazard encountered by respondents in Makurdi and Guma LGAs was fire burn (50% and 25%), respectively. Efforts in replanting trees in the study area was minimal through plantation forestry and agroforestry. In conclusion, charcoal production was observed to improve socio economic benefits to people. However, alternative source of livelihood should be provided for the people to mitigate the adverse effect of deforestation.Key words: Charcoal, deforestation, livelihood, Prosopis africana, wood species, Key words: Charcoal, deforestation, livelihood, Prosopis africana, wood species,
Germination and Growth response of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Shum and Thonn) to Different Growth media.
Authors: Usman Inelo Ajuma , Uleh Mark , Onyeri Chinoso Deborah
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the effect of growth media on the germination and early growth of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Shum andThonn) This was assessed at the Forestry Nursery Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.  Two hundred (200) viable seeds were immersed in 50% sulphuric acid at 15mins. The seeds after pretreated were sown on five different media namely: Top soil, Sawdust, Riversand, mixture of topsoil and riversand and mixture of riversand and sawdust. Completely Randomized Design was adopted for this experiment. Data were collected on percentage germination on daily basis for 4 weeks, growth parameters involving seedling height, number of leaves, girth and leaf length at 2 weeks interval for 8 weeks. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data collected. Mean separation was carried out for significantly different parameter by using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to determine the suitable growth media. The result showed that germination percentage was significant as 5% level of probability (p>0.05) and the highest germination percentage of 80% was recorded in Riversand+Sawdust. Growth parameters were also influenced by growth media.  The highest number of leaves was observed in topsoil(10.05), seedling height (7.88cm) in Riversand +sawdust, girth(0.57cm) in topsoil and leaf length (4.71cm) in sawdust.  In raising the seeds of Tetrapleura tetraptera , Riversand and sawdust should be used. To encourage domestication and conservation of Tetrapleura tetraptera, topsoil,  mixture of riversand and sawdust should be adopted since we are interested in growth of tree species and this will ensure the production of vigorous seedlings for its plantation establishment.Keywords: Growth media, domestication, germination, Tetrapleura tetraptera
Effect of socio-economic characteristics of greenhouse farmers on vegetable production in Ogun state, Nigeria
Authors: Oyediran Waisu , Omoare Ayodeji Motunrayo , Shobowale Adelayo Adefunke , Onabajo Adebisi O
Published: June 2020

In Nigeria, vegetable production is adversely affected by climate change, pest and diseases attack and unfavourably environmental condition which have made resourceful farmers and government to embark on vegetable production under greenhouse technology. Hence, this study was conducted to assess socio-economic importance of greenhouse technology for sustainable vegetable production in Ogun State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty (120) vegetable farmers were purposively selected for this study while descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used for the data analysis. The results showed that the respondents were 32 – 40 years of age; predominantly male (90.8%), and had formal education (28.3%). Socio-economic importance of greenhouse technology includes increased yield (94.3%), available supplies all the year round (85.7%), cluster marketing formation (72.9%), higher income generation (75.7%), and rural development (91.4%). Paradoxically, greenhouse vegetable production has not been widely spread due to difficult to establish it by individuals and high cost of construction (98.3%); it is too expensive for the low peasant vegetable farmers (86.7%); and awareness of greenhouse vegetable is low in the public markets (85.8%). So also, chi-square results showed that significant relationship existed between the major limitations and socio-economic importance of greenhouse technology at p < 0.05 level of significance. This study recommends that cost of raw materials for constructing greenhouse should be subsidized by the Federal Government of Nigeria while wealthy individuals, farmers’ groups and cooperative societies should invest in greenhouse technology for large scale vegetable farming.Keywords: socio-economic, importance, vegetable, greenhouse, technology
Replacement value of African Bread Fruit Seed Meal (Treculia africana) for Maize on the Performance of Starter Broilers.
Authors: Ahaotu Emmanuel , Aturuchi A , Unagu A , Uzegbu H.O.
Published: June 2020

An experiment was conducted to see the effect of parboiled and varying levels of boiled African breadfruit seeds (ABS) fed to starter broilers. The starter broilers were assigned to six treatment groups (control, parboiled, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes boiled ABS) with each of the treatments replicated three times in a completely randomized design (CRD). The diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous (22% CP) and iso-caloric (2700 Kcal/kg ME). Water and feed were offered ad libitum. Results shows that all parameters at the performance of starter broilers fed varying levels of boiled ABS were significantly (P<0.05) different with most of the significant level favouring the treatment T4 which is boiling at 20 minutes. Inclusion of boiled ABS into the diet of starter broilers improved the performance of the birds. It could therefore be concluded that ABS can serve as alternative nutritive source of nutrition in the diet of starter broilers. Keywords: African breadfruit seeds, Maize, Performance,  Starter Broilers, Replacement value.
Taxonomic Classification and Suitability Evaluation of Selected Soils of Gboko for Yam and Cassava Production.
Authors: Usman Jacob , Ogbu O. J. , Ejembi R. A.R. , Isi S. E.
Published: June 2020

This study evaluated soil fertility status of Gboko-South in Gboko Local Government Area and their suitability for cassava and yam production. Auger point investigations were carried out at 100 m intervals along traverses spaced at 100 m apart. Three soil units were identified on the field based on soil colour, structure, textures, surface characteristics and topography. The results showed that the soil units were deep (102 – 141 cm) and well drained except unit I that was poorly drained. The soils were coarse-textured and slightly to moderately acidic in reaction with pH values which ranges from 5.38 – 6.50. They had low organic matter contents ranging from 0.20 to 0.95 % and high base saturation which ranged from 76 to 86 %. The soils were classified as Typic Epiaqualfs/Epigleyic Stagnosols, Arenic Haplustalfs/Eutric Luvisols, and Eutric Haplustept/Eutric Haplic Luvisols. Soils of unit I (Pedon I and II), unit II (Pedon III and IV) and unit III (Pedon V and VI) were evaluated to be moderately suitable for cassava and yam production.Keywords: Soil, Taxonomic classification, Suitability evaluation, Land suitability assessment, Yam and Cassava.
Detecting changes and health status of mangrove forest in Achara estuary, Maraharashtra using remote sensing and GIS
Authors: Chougule Vidya Ajit , Sapkale Jagdish Bhagwat
Published: June 2020

Mangrove forests protect the Western coast of Maharashtra from natural disasters striking from seaward and riverside. The quantity and quality of mangroves were influenced by the morphological and hydraulic characteristics of estuaries. The study aims to identify the Spatio-temporal changes that took place in the mangrove forest of Achara estuary in the last four decades since 1989. It also highlights the zonal horizontal distribution of mangrove land from its mouths to the head of the estuary. Most of the mangroves concentrate in the zone that comprises the area of 1-3 km from the mouth. A gain of 39.17% of the mangrove area shows the growth of mangroves in the study area during this period. NDVI value, which ranges from 0.123 to 0.560, acknowledged the dense and healthy status of mangroves in Achara estuary.
Ecology and Occurrence of Pugilina (Hemifusus) cochlidium and Pugilina erecta (Gastropoda: Melongenidae) from Thondi coast , Palk strait in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Lathasumathi Chokkalingam , Adikesavan Priya , Stella Chelladurai
Published: June 2020

The environment is a selective force of an organism and its population. Knowledge of the environmental parameters of study area is thus an essential prerequisite to understand the composition of animal’s inhabitants and their distribution. In the present study the Ecology and Occurrence  of two species of Pugilina (Hemifusus) cochlidium and Pugilina erecta along the coast of Thondi are influenced by the environmental factors with less significance. As these animals are bottom living, they were not much affected by changes in the environmental factors.  In the present study the maximum temperature was recorded during summer season and the minimum during monsoon. The changes in the temperature have been proved to have meager influence in the distribution of these two species as the temperature variation was not sufficient enough to affect their distribution.Keywords: Pugilina (Hemifusus) cochlidium, Pugilina erecta, temperature, monsoon, distribution.
Toxicity of Crude Fruit Endocarp Extract of Calabash (Lagenaria siceraria) on African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Juveniles
Authors: Ayorinde J. O. , Audu B. S. , Ogundeko T. O. , Ujah A. I.
Published: June 2020

Background: Illicit disposal of scraped out endocarp of bottle gourds as part of processing activity for domestic use into the aquatic environment pose a big threat to the aquatic ecosystem. This study investigated the toxicity effects of crude fruit endocarp extracts of L. siceraria on C. gariepinus juveniles.

Methodology: 120 mixed sex of C. gariepinus juveniles of mean weight and length (19.59 ±0.42 g; 14.6 ±0.80 cm) respectively were investigated. The fish were divided into 6 groups of 10 fish in each aquarium containing 5, 20, 35, 50 and 65 mg/L concentration of aqueous extract of L. siceraria and 0.00 mg/L (control) respectively with replicates for Four (4) days for acute toxicity analysis. The animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for biochemical and isolation of the gills and liver for histopathological studies.

Results: Experimental media pH, free carbon (iv) oxide, total alkalinity contents increased while dissolved oxygen decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in concentration in the acute bioassay. Temperature did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in all the groups thus, did not affect fish survival. Furthermore, AST, ALT and LDH profiles in blood serum of fish exposed to acute concentrations exhibited a significant increase (P<0.05) with increase in concentration. The exposed gills revealed progressive striking histological alterations viz. thickening and shortening of secondary lamellae, degeneration of connective tissue and complete loss of secondary lamella while the liver showed progressive histo-architectural distortions such as hepatic hypertrophy, cellular degeneration (necrosis), haemorrhage and intracellular infiltration with increase in concentration of the L. siceraria extract.

Conclusion: Aqueous extract of L. siceraria had adverse effect on juveniles of C. gariepinus, as evident in the negative modification of the body physiology via biochemical and histological investigations, thus toxic to the aquatic life. Further investigations on other vital organs - kidney, heart, GIT and the reproductive organs are recommended.
Effect of Tillage Practices and Irrigation Schedule on Soil Quality and Yield of Some Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Sokoto Rima Flood Plain
Authors: Manasseh E. A. , Singh Mahavir , Fadeiye O. E. , Aliyu M. I.
Published: June 2020

Sokoto Rima Flood Plain (SRFP) is located in Sudan Savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria, and is faced with the common challenge of flooding towards the end of the rainy season and widespread drought with high potential for irrigated rice production during dry season. Two year experiment was conducted in the dry season of 2018 and 2019 in a farmer`s field, near the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching and Research Farm, Kwalkwalawa in SRFP, Sokoto State. The treatments consisted of factorial combination of two tillage practices; conventional and reduced tillage, three irrigation schedules; one, two and three days schedule of irrigation and three rice varieties (FARO 44, 60 and 61). Treatments were laid in a split plot design replicated three times, where tillage practices and irrigation schedules were allocated to the main plots while rice varieties to the sub-plots. Data on particle size distribution, bulk density and water retention were simulated by RETC model for Mualem-van Genuchten parameters and for estimating the soil physical quality index (S) and the grain yield (kgh-1) of rice varieties were extrapolated from the net plots. Statistical analysis software was used to analyze all data generated, where significant means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that RETC output for van Genutchen parameters demonstrated significant difference between the two tillage practices, irrigation schedule and depth on the value of curve fitting parameters (n). Soil physical quality index (S) increased with increase in soil depth, although not statistically different. From the finding, the S-index in the study area was in the range of 0.023-0.025, which by grouping was considered moderately suitable for optimal root growth. Also, FARO 44 performed better than other varieties in both 2018 (540.05 kgh-1) and 2019 (5835.85 kgh-1), respectively with one day irrigation schedule and convectional tillage practice. Forage legume incorporation during rainy season should be encouraged to improve the soil physical quality over time.