bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Path Planning of an autonomous Mobile Robot using Swarm Based Optimization Techniques
Authors: Ibraheem Ibraheem Kasim , Ajeil Fatin Hassan
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a meta-heuristic swarm based optimization technique for solving robot path planning. The natural activities of actual ants inspire which named Ant Colony Optimization. (ACO) has been proposed in this work to find the shortest and safest path for a mobile robot in different static environments with different complexities. A nonzero size for the mobile robot has been considered in the project by taking a tolerance around the obstacle to account for the actual size of the mobile robot. A new concept was added to standard Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for further modifications. Simulations results, which carried out using MATLAB 2015(a) environment, prove that the suggested algorithm outperforms the standard version of ACO algorithm for the same problem with the same environmental conditions by providing the shortest path for multiple testing environments.
Travel Time Prediction Models and Reliability Indices for Palestine Urban Road in Baghdad City
Authors: Al-Kaissi Zainab Ahmed
Published: April 2019

Abstract

     Travel Time estimation and reliability measurement is an important issues for improving operation efficiency and safety of traffic roads networks. The aim of this research is the estimation of total travel time and distribution analysis for three selected links in Palestine Arterial Street in Baghdad city. Buffer time index results in worse reliability conditions. Link (2) from Bab Al Mutham intersection to Al-Sakara intersection produced a buffer index of about 36%  and 26 % for Link (1) Al-Mawall intersection to Bab Al- Mutham intersection and finally for link (3) which presented a 24% buffer index. These illustrated that the reliability get worst for link (2), (1) and (3) respectively during the peak period. Extra delay is observed on link(1), (2) and (3) in terms of 95% percentile travel time of about  (301.9, 219.4, and 193.8)sec. for Link (1, 2 and 3) respectively. Higher value for 95% travel time is obtained for link (1). Travel time index (TTI) of 4.2 %, 4.9% and 4% is obtained for Link (1, 2 and 3) respectively. Maximum value for delay per km that obtained for link (1) which is about 266 sec/km and 268 sec./km for link (3) and 244 sec/km for link(2). Different predicted model for the three studied links of Palestine street have been developed based on the obtained field data. A best fit is presented as compared the predicted models with the observed field travel time data for all the models of studied links which illustrated that the predicted model can present the actual field data.

Keywords: Delay, Buffer Index, Travel Time, predicted model, Reliability, Urban Arterial.
Robot Arm Path Planning Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization based on D* algorithm
Authors: Sadiq Ahmed T. , Raheem Firas A.
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Much attention has been paid for the use of robot arm in various applications. Therefore, the optimal path finding has a significant role to upgrade and guide the arm movement. The essential function of path planning is to create a path that satisfies the aims of motion including, averting obstacles collision, reducing time interval, decreasing the path traveling cost and satisfying the kinematics constraints. In this paper, the free Cartesian space map of 2-DOF arm is constructed to attain the joints variable at each point without collision. The D*algorithm and Euclidean distance are applied to obtain the exact and estimated distances to the goal respectively. The modified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is proposed to find an optimal path based on the local search, D* and Euclidean distances.  The quintic polynomial equation is utilized to provide a smooth trajectory path. According to the observe results, the modified PSO algorithm is efficiently performs to find an optimal path even in difficult environments.

 

Keywords: D*, Free Cartesian Space, Path Planning, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Robot Arm.
Modeling of Monocrystalline PV Cell Considering Ambient Conditions in Baghdad City
Authors: Abd Al-Wahed Mohammed E. , Abdullateef Osamah F.
Published: April 2019

Abstract

 

The environmental conditions are important factors, because they affect both the efficiency of a photovoltaic module and the energy load. This research was carried out experimentally and modeling was done in MATLAB –Simulink by monitoring the variation in power output of the system with environmental conditions such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, and humidity of Baghdad city. From the results, the ambient temperatures are inversely proportional to humidity and the output power performance of the system, while the wind speed is directly proportional with the output power performance of the system.  

 

Keywords: Ambient temperature, cell temperature, humidity, Photovoltaic, solar radiation, wind speed.
Enhancing the Compressive Strength and Density of Cement Mortar by the Addition of Different Alignments of Glass Fibers and Styrene Butadiene Rubber
Authors: Hamza Mustafa M. , Fahad Besma M.
Published: April 2019

Abstract

In the field of construction materials the glass reinforced mortar and Styrene Butadiene mortar are modern composite materials. This study experimentally investigated the effect of addition of randomly dispersed glass fibers and layered glass fibers on density and compressive strength of mortar with and without the presence of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Mixtures of 1:2 cement/sand ratio and 0.5 water/cement ratio were prepared for making mortar. The glass fibers were added by two manners, layers and random with weight percentages of (0.54, 0.76, 1.1 and 1.42). The specimens were divided into two series: glass-fiber reinforced mortar without SBR and glass-fiber reinforced mortar with 7% SBR of mixture water. All specimens were tested after curing for 7 and 28 days, glass-fiber reinforced mortar exhibited better properties than control mortar in improvement of compressive strength and lowering the density after curing for 28 days due to the completion of cement hydration reaction.. For compressive strength the best results were achieved with 1.42 wt.% layers glass-fiber reinforced mortar with 7% SBR which gave 41.56 MPa. On the other hand, the addition of 1.42 wt.% random glass-fiber without SBR addition caused the beast reduction in density by 10.6% and produced lighter structure than control sample.

Keywords: Random glass fibers , Glass fibers layers, SBR, compressive strength, density.
Effect of optimal shot peening time on fatigue life for aluminum alloy 6061-T651
Authors: Al-Khazraji Ahmed N.
Published: April 2019

The compressive residual stresses generated by shot peening, is increased in a direct proportional way with shot peening time (SPT). For each metal, there is an optimum shot peening time (O.S.T) which gives the optimum fatigue life. This paper experimentally studied to optimize shot peening time of aluminium alloy 6061-T651 as well as using of and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Two types of fatigue test specimens’ configuration were used, one without notch (smooth) and the other with a notch radius (1,25mm), each type was shot peened at different time. The (O.S.T) was experimentally estimated  to be 8 minutes reaching the surface stresses at maximum peak of -184.94 MPa.

A response surface methodology (RSM) is presented to optimize the surface properties of fatigue life due to effect of two parameters (shot peening time and fatigue stresses). A statistical software was used to perform analysis of variance (ANOVA)  to predict the optimum shot peening time. The results were 8.007 minutes without notch and 7.53 minutes with notch. Two 2nd degree polynomials were obtained for the two studied cases with confidence level of 95%. Experimentally26.67% enhancement in fatigue life was obtained, but after using (RSM), the results gave 61% improvement, compared with ref. [2].
Natural-Convection Phenomenon from a Finned Heated Vertical Tube: Experimental Analysis
Authors: Shehab Saad Najeeb
Published: April 2019

In this work, an experimental analysis is made to predict the thermal performance of the natural-convection phenomenon from a heated vertical externally finned-tube to surrounding air through an open-ended enclosure. Two different configurations of longitudinal rectangular fin namely, continuous and interrupted are utilized with constant thickness, different numbers, and different heights are extended radially on the outer surface of a heated tube. The tube is heated electrically from inner surface with five varied power input magnitudes. The effect of fins configuration, fins number, fins height, and heat flux of the inner tube surface on the thermal performance of natural convection have been studied and analyzed experimentally. Obtained results show that the tube with twelve interrupted longitudinal fins gives the best natural-convection thermal performance in terms of average Nusselt number, about 20% greater than that for the tube with continuous fins. Experimental correlations to predict the average Nusselt number for the heated tubes with continuous and interrupted longitudinal fins are proposed. The present data are compared to previous study and good convergence is noticed.
Experimental Study to the Effect of Natural Particles Added to Unsaturated Polyester Resin of a Polymer Matrix Composite
Authors: Abdullah Orhan S.
Published: April 2019

Experimental investigations had been done in this study to demonstrate the effect of natural particles used as a reinforcement material to unsaturated polyester resin. The tensile test and water absorption were investigated according to (ASTM D638) and (ASTM D570), respectively. The influence of sunflower husk and pomegranate husk particles, used as a reinforcement material, on the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption with different weight fraction (3%, 7% and 10%) and particle grain size (50µm, 100 µm and 150 µm), has been investigated. The water absorption of polymer composites was studied by measuring the specimen weight before and after immersion in water for one hundred days. In the experiments of tensile test, all specimens loading was performed with (50KN) operating at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min. It is observed that the addition of sunflower husk up to 10% and pomegranate husk particles up to 7% as reinforcement materials to polyester resin, leads to increase the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composite material prepared and the use of sunflower husk as a reinforcement material increased the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption were better  than pomegranate husk at the same percentage of addition. The decrease in reinforcement material grain size led to increase the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption. Therefore, all the best result seen in composites containing reinforcement material with (50µm). Finally, the best result obtained in tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption were with the addition of 10% sunflower husk as a reinforcement material to polyester resin.
Emergency Fuel Rationing system using RFID Smart Cards
Authors: Khudhur Noor Ahmed
Published: April 2019

Rationing is a commonly used solution for shortages of resources and goods that are vital for the citizens of a country. This paper identifies some common approaches and policies used in rationing as well asrisks that associated to suggesta system for rationing fuelwhichcan work efficiently. Subsequently, addressing all possible security risks and their solutions. The system should theoretically be applicable in emergency situations, requiring less than three months to implement at a low cost and minimal changes to infrastructure.
Big-data Management using Map Reduce on Cloud: Case study, EEG Images' Data
Authors: Klim Sahar Mahdie , Klim Sahar Mahdie
Published: April 2019

Database is characterized as an arrangement of data that is sorted out and disseminated in a way that allows the client to get to the data being put away in a simple and more helpful way. However, in the era of big-data the traditional methods of data analytics may not be able to manage and process the large amount of data. In order to develop an efficient way of handling big-data, this work studies the use of Map-Reduce technique to handle big-data distributed on the cloud. This approach was evaluated using Hadoop server and applied on EEG Big-data as a case study. The proposed approach showed clear enhancement for managing and processing the EEG Big-data with average of 50% reduction on response time. The obtained results provide EEG researchers and specialist with an easy and fast method of handling the EEG big data.
Evaluations of Potable Water Tanks Epoxy Coatings Performance Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Method
Authors: Jasim Haider Hadi
Published: April 2019

Abstract  

The aim of this paper is to investigate and discuss the mechanisms of corrosion of epoxy coatings used for potable water tanks. Two distinct types of Jotun epoxy coatings: Tankguard 412 contained polyamine cured epoxy and Penguard HB contained polyamide cured epoxy, were tested and studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) method. The porosity of epoxy coatings was determined using EIS method. The obtained results showed that the two epoxy coatings have excellent behavior when applied and tested in potable water of Basrah city. Polyamine is more resistance to water corrosion compared to polyamide curing epoxy and has high impedance values. Microscopic inspection after test showed that the polyamine cured epoxy has blistering while the surface of polyamide cured epoxy showed pitting and blisters.

Keywords: Corrosion mechanism , epoxy coats, porosity, potable water, , EIS method.
Experimental Study the Effect of Tool Design on the Mechanical Properties of Bobbin Friction Stir Welded 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Amin Samir Ali , Hanna Mohannad Yousif , Mohamed Alhamza Farooq
Published: April 2019

اللحام بالخلط الاحتكاكي بأداة تشبه البكرة (bobbin) يكون مختلف عن اللحام المتعارف علية للطريقة نفسها, حيث يتم لحام قطعة العمل من الوجهين الاعلى و الاسفل في للشوط نفسها . يتضمن هذا الأسلوب لحام اللوحين من دون الانصهار. في هذا العمل، تم التحقق من تأثير تصميم الأداة على الخواص الميكانيكية لوصلات اللحام لسبيكة الالمنيوم نوع (6061-T6) و بسمك (6,25 ملم) والملحومة بطريقة اللحام الخلطي الاحتكاكي نوع (bobbin)،و كذلك تحديد أفضل تصميم لأداة اللحام نوع (bobbin). خمسة أشكال مختلفة  لوتد أداة اللحام (أسطواني مستقيم مسنن, أسطواني مستقيم ذو 3 أوجه، أسطواني مستقيم ذو 4 أوجه، أسطواني مستقيم مسنن ذو 3 أوجه و أسطواني مستقيم مسنن ذو 4  أوجه) وبأبعاد  مختلفة للأداة ( الدبوس و الأكتاف ) استخدمت لأجراء عملية اللحام. أتجاه عملية اللحام  كان عموديا على أتجاه الدرفلة لألواح الألمنيوم. اختبارات الشد والانحناء تم اجراؤها لأختيار التصميم الأفضل لأداة اللحام نوع (bobbin) والتي تعطي افضل الخواص الميكانيكية لمنطقة اللحام. الأداة ذات الاسطواني المستقيم ذو 4 أوجه، بقطر  للوتد (8 mm) والاكتاف (24 mm) أعطت افضل مقاومة شد (193 ميكا باسكال) وأستطالة (6.1%) مع أقصى قوة انحناء (5.7 كيلو نيوتن) وأفضل كفاءة لحام (65.4%) نسبة الى مقاومة الشد.
Enhancement of Hybrid Solar Air Conditioning System using a New Control Strategy
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Abed , Abduljabbar Raed Ayad
Published: April 2019

Enhancement of the performance for hybrid solar air conditioning system was presented in this paper. The refrigerant temperature leaving the condenser was controlled using three-way valve, this valve was installed after the compressor to regulate refrigerant flow rate towards the solar system. A control system using data logger, sensors and computer was proposed to set the opening valve ratio. The function of control program using LabVIEW software is to obtain a minimum refrigerant temperature from the condenser outlet to enhance the overall COP of the unit by increasing the degree of subcooled refrigerant. A variable load electrical heater with coiled pipe was used instead of the solar collector and the storage tank to simulate the solar radiation.  Experimental data was measured to study the performance of the system. The proposed system was compared with the conventional one. Results show that the COP of the proposed system was higher than the COP of the conventional system by 10 %. In addition, the controlled system saved an electricity of 11.2 %. The optimum opening valve ratio fluctuated between 0.3 and 0.4 when the heater power was 500 W.
Effect of Al2O3 Particles and Precipitation Hardening on the Properties of Cast 332 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Subhi Akeel Dhahir , Abdullah Hussein Najim
Published: April 2019

In this work, 332 Al alloy was prepared and reinforced with (0.5% and 1%) nano-Al2O3 particles. The prepared unreinforced and reinforced 332 Al alloy with nano-Al2O3 were solution heat treated (T6) at 510 ̊C and aged at 225 ̊C with different times (1, 3, and 5 h). Hardness test was performed on all the prepared alloys. All prepared alloys were dry slided under different applied loads (5, 10, 15, and 20 N) against steel counterface surface using pin on disk apparatus. The results showed that refinement effect was observed after addition of nano-Al2O3 particles and a change in silicon morphology after performing the solution heat treatment. The results also showed that hardness was increased and the wear rate was decreased with increasing the nano-Al2O3 particles in the matrix of 332 Al-Alloy
Design of PV Solar Energy Generator using MPPT Technique to Control Single Input/Multiple Outputs (DC-DC) Converter
Authors: Abdul Raheem Abdul Kareem Kasim
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the design of a system consisting of a solar panel with Single Input/Multiple Outputs (DC-DC) Buck Converter by using Simulink dialogue box tools in MATLAB software package for simulation the system. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique depending on Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm is used to control the output power of the converter and increase the efficiency of the system. The characteristics of the MSX-60 PV module is chosen in design of the system, whereas the electrical characteristics (P-V, I-V and P-I curves) for the module are achieved, that is affected by the solar radiation and temperature variations. The proposed design module has been found to be stable for any change in atmospheric temperature and solar radiation. The maximum power is achieved at voltage 17V and current 3.5A when using MPPT controller, and approximate results for multiple outputs voltages and current (9V:2A, 5V:1A, 2.2V:0.5A) are obtained. The proposed model is very useful for engineers, researchers and experts to design their systems which require a simple and accurate PV cells model.
Study of Fatigue Fractography of Mild Steel Used in Automotive Industry
Authors: Zainulabdeen Ahmed Ameed
Published: April 2019

Fatigue failure is almost considered as the predominant problem affecting automotive parts under dynamic loading condition. Thus, more understanding of crack behavior during fatigue can strongly help in finding the proper mechanism to avoid the final fracture and extent the service life of components. The main goal of this paper is to study the fracture behavior of low carbon steel which is used mostly in automotive industry. For this purpose, the fractography of samples subjected to high and low stress levels in fatigue test then was evaluated and analyzed. Hardness and tensile tests were carried out to determine the properties of used steel. Also, the samples were characterized by microstructure test and XRD analysis to examine the constitute phases. The fatigue test (S-N curve) was done at stress ratio (R= -1), and the fracture examination was perform using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results of microstructure and XRD analysis were indicating that the Ferrite and a little amount of pearlite are the dominant phases of this steel. Whereas, the fractography observations reveal that the void coalescence ductile fracture is the main failure mode in samples with high stress level, while the ductile fracture (void coalescence) with Transgranular Cleavage fracture was noticed in low stress fatigue mode for this alloy.
The Effect of Adding Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Zinc Sulfate on the Corrosion Characteristics of the Drilling Fluid
Authors: Al-Rubaiey Najem A. , Kadhim Fadhil S. K , Albrazanjy Mohamed G. Alb
Published: April 2019

Drilling solutions can be considered as an intricate mixture comprising of number of chemical additives which aid specific needs such as controlling the rheological properties and reducing corrosion. Inhibitors are substances that are added in small concentrations to corrosive environment to decrease the corrosion. Their applications can be found in drilling equipments. The effect of adding Zinc Sulphate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose to study their influence on the corrosion of carbon steel in Bentonite mud has been evaluated using Weight Loss Technique. This study focuses on determining rheological properties and corrosion characteristics. Results show CMC and ZnSO4 work as inhibitors when added to the Bentonite with inhibition efficiency was approximately equal to 50%.
ОBSERVERS OF ROTATION FREQUENCY OF AN ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR ON THE PRINCIPLE OF DETECTING SLOT CURRENT HARMONICS
Authors: Morozov A V , Barsukov V K
Published: April 2019

Определение скорости вращения асинхронного двигателя путем косвенных измерений возможно за счет использования специальных алгоритмов-наблюдателей. Входными величинами наблюдателей являются, как правило, мгновенные значения токов и напряжений статора. При этом становится возможным исключение из состава электропривода датчика частоты вращения, что уменьшает его стоимость и увеличивает надежность. Для реализации рассмотренных в статье методов косвенного определения скорости должны быть известны только основные конструктивные параметры машины - число пазов статора и ротора, число пар полюсов. Исследованы наблюдатели частоты вращения, использующие для работы эффект появления пазовых гармоник тока - высших гармоник, вызванных различием значений магнитной индукции в воздушном зазоре напротив пазов и зубцов ротора. Эта периодическая модуляция магнитного потока создает высшие гармоники ЭДС и тока статора, частота которых зависит от скорости вращения. Недостатком данного метода является то, что амплитуды пазовых гармоник уменьшаются при уменьшении скорости вращения. Второй метод основан на выявлении пазовых гармоник тока статора при одновременном добавлении высокочастотного сигнала питающего напряжения. За счет этого образуются симметричные боковые пазовые гармоники слева и справа от ВЧ составляющей спектра. Исследован амплитудно-частотный спектр тока статора при наличии высокочастотной составляющей питающего напряжения. Разработаны программы для наблюдения частоты вращения с помощью быстрого преобразования Фурье тока статора, использующие оба описанных метода. Приведены такие характеристики работы наблюдателей скорости вращения, как точность в статическом и динамическом режимах, полоса пропускания, помехоустойчивость.
TECHNICAL CARBON FOR MODIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE GYPSUM BINDER
Authors: Yakovlev G I , Pervushin G N , Gordina A F , Shaybadulina A V , Saidova Z S , Protodyakonova T L , Buryanov A F , Nikitina S V
Published: April 2019

В работе приведены результаты исследований структуры и свойств гипсового вяжущего, модифицированного ультрадисперсной технической сажей. Показано, что введение в состав гипсового вяжущего технического углерода в виде колеровочной пасты приводит к изменению морфологии кристаллогидратов двуводного сульфата кальция, уплотнению структуры гипсовой матрицы и, как следствие, к повышению прочности затвердевшего гипсового вяжущего. Показано, что дисперсность частиц сажи в составе колеровочной пасты зависит от ее возраста. Проведено физическое моделирование твердения гипсового вяжущего с добавкой дисперсии сажи, которое позволило установить, что кристаллизация гипсового вяжущего происходит из центров кристаллизации, в качестве которых выступают частицы технического углерода. При этом существенно меняется морфология кристаллогидратов двуводного гипса с переходом ее из игольчатой к пластинчатой с повышенной плотностью структуры. С использованием растровой электронной микроскопии в сочетании с рентгеновским микроанализом и ИК-спектрального анализа обосновано изменение физико-механических характеристик гипсового вяжущего. Отмечается, достигнутые эффекты по степени модификации структуры гипсовой матрицы сопоставимы с результатами, получаемыми при модификации гипсового вяжущего дисперсиями углеродных нанотрубок, но при этом стоимость технической сажи существенно ниже стоимости углеродных нанотрубок.
SIMULATION METHOD OF PROJECTILES DISPERSION
Authors: Korolev S A
Published: April 2019

В статье представлены математические модели и методы решения задач внешней баллистики, объединенные в методику имитационного моделирования рассеивания снарядов. При расчете траектории движения снаряда используются параметрические зависимости для аэродинамических коэффициентов, полученные на основе решения задачи внешнего обтекания. Определены и систематизированы основные факторы, влияющие на полет снаряда, выделены факторы, вызывающие рассеивание снарядов. Имитационное моделирование рассеивания снарядов проводилось методом статистических испытаний Монте-Карло. Для проверки гипотезы о нормальном распределении результатов моделирования используется критерий Пирсона. На основе разработанной имитационной модели реализована методика определения параметров зоны безопасности при стрельбе: глубина излетного пространства и ширина боковых защитных зон. Моделирование рассеивания снарядов и расчет параметров зоны безопасности проводились для осколочно-фугасного снаряда гаубицы калибра 152 мм при стрельбе на максимальную дальность. По результатам имитационного моделирования построены эллипс рассеивания и график частот. Проведен расчет отклонения дальности и боковой координаты, вызванные максимально возможными отклонениями метеорологических и баллистических условий стрельбы. Представлены результаты расчета параметров зоны безопасности при стрельбе из гаубицы калибра 152 мм на максимальную дальность. Представленная методика реализована в виде программного комплекса имитационного моделирования рассеивания снарядов. Результаты моделирования могут быть использованы для исследования влияния различных факторов на рассевание снарядов, построения таблиц стрельбы, а также определения зон безопасности при проведении полигонных испытаний.
HORIZONTAL MOVING SPATIAL FREQUENCY PROCESSING OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISCRETE REAL SIGNALS
Authors: Ponomareva O V
Published: April 2019

Предложен метод обработки двумерных дискретных сигналов в пространственно-частотной области - метод горизонтально скользящего двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье. Рассмотрен математический аппарат прямого двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье в алгебраической и матричной форме. Рассмотрены этапы выполнения двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье с помощью одномерного быстрого преобразования Фурье. Разработан эффективный метод и алгоритм горизонтально скользящего двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье, который позволяет вычислять коэффициенты данного преобразования в реальном масштабе времени. Проведена оценка эффективности алгоритма горизонтально скользящего двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье с точки зрения вычислительных затрат в сравнении с известными алгоритмами. В результате экспериментальных исследований на модельных двумерных дискретных сигналах доказана обоснованность, эффективность и достоверность предложенного метода и алгоритма горизонтально скользящего двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье. Проведено сравнении разработанного метода горизонтально скользящего двумерного дискретного преобразования Фурье с со стандартным методом получения коэффициентов двумерного дискретного преобразования с точки зрения вычислительных затрат. Построены поверхности относительной экономии вычислений в разработанном алгоритме в сравнении со стандартным алгоритмом горизонтально скользящей обработки двумерных дискретных сигналов.
To Selection of Parameters of Plates of Roller Chains
Authors: Fot A P , Turygin Yu V
Published: April 2019

Статья посвящена вопросам проектирования цепных передач с роликовыми цепями, нашедших широкое применение в современном машиностроении (в приводах различных машин: транспортирующие и транспортные машины, сельскохозяйственная техника, буровое оборудование и др.), а именно определению параметров пластин внутренних звеньев приводных роликовых цепей. Авторами излагаются основные положения методики расчета долговечности пластин трех типов (традиционной формы по действующим стандартам и двух предлагаемых авторами новых форм (модифицированных пластин) с измененной геометрией, обеспечивающей снижение концентрации напряжений и повышение долговечности пластин). Приводятся зависимости для геометрического расчета пластин описываемых форм, позволяющие определить все размеры пластин от основного параметра приводной роликовой цепи - ее шага, определяемого действующими стандартами и техническими условиями на изготовление цепей. Указанные зависимости получены на основе обработки данных размеров цепей с шагом от 12,7 до 63,5 мм по ГОСТ 13568-97 (ИСО 606-94) «Цепи приводные роликовые и втулочные. Общие технические условия». Предложены также оригинальные зависимости для нахождения площади пластин различной формы, для расчета числа циклов до разрушения пластин в зависимости от уровня напряжений в сечениях пластин и корректирующего коэффициента для расчета долговечности с учетом фактических размеров пластин конкретного завода-изготовителя. Методика расчета положена в основу алгоритма программы для ЭВМ, позволяющей существенно сократить время на оценку вариантов пластин при проектировании цепи и принятие решения о выборе конструкции и размеров пластин.
EFFECT OF BETA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID ON ACTIVITY OF PEROXIDASE AND POLYPHENOL OXIDASE ENZYMES IN CUCUMBER INFECTED WITH NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA
Authors: Mahmoudi Niloufar
Published: April 2019

Beta-amino-butyric acid is introduced as an inducer of resistance in plants against plant pathogens. In this research, the induction of some defensive compounds including peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes by this compound against the rootstock node-producing nematode Meloidogyne javanica in cucumber was investigated. The results showed that inoculation of cucumber roots infected with root-knot nematode with the chemical composition of BABA from the first day after inoculation increased the activity of peroxidase enzyme and reached its maximum on the fourth day of this activity. Induction of the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme showed a gradual increase with a significant difference in comparison to the control and healthy plants and reached the maximum on the fourth day. The electrophoresis of peroxidase isozymes showed that isozyme peroxidase forms in cucumber roots induced by BABA were much more potent than pathogen-induced isozymes. In plants treated with nematode plus BABA, two isozymes were Rf = 00.31 and Rf = 34/0, which were stronger than control (inoculated with nematode).
Analisis Keterlaksanaan Model Kooperatif Tipe NHT dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Asrial Asrial , Simaremare Erika , Harizon Harizon
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Number Heads Together dan  pengaruhnya  terhadap  kemampuan  berpikir  kritis  pada materi larutan penyangga siswa kelas XI MIA SMAN 1 Muaro Jambi. Penelitian  ini  merupakan  jenis  penelitian  deskriptif  korelasional  dengan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar  observasi  aktivitas  guru  dan  siswa  serta  tes  kemampuan berpikir  kritis  siswa.  Untuk  melihat  pengaruh  keterlaksanaan  model  pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe  NHT  dengan  kemampuan  berpikir  kritis  siswa  dilakukan  uji signifikansi dengan uji t. Penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Number Heads Together oleh  siswa sebesar  70,83%  dikategorikan  baik,  dan  persentase  kemampuan  berpikir  kritis siswa    sebesar    70,47%    dikategorikan    baik.    Hubungan    keterlaksanaan    model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Number Heads Together dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis diperoleh rxy = 0,86294 dengan tingkat hubungan sangat kuat. Uji signifikansi dilakukan dengan uji t dengan  diperoleh  thitung    >  ttabel  (9,660  >  2,036)  dengan  dk  =  32  dan  α  =  0.05, sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha  diterima. Berdasarkan   hasil   penelitian, keterlaksanaan   model   pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe  Number Heads Together  berjalan  dengan  baik  dan  terdapat  pengaruh  keterlaksanaan model  pembelajaran  kooperatif  tipe  Number Heads Together  terhadap  kemampuan  berpikir  kritis siswa pada materi larutan penyangga di kelas XI MIA 2 SMAN 1 Muaro Jambi.

 

Kata kunci: Model Number Heads Together, Berpikir Kritis dan Larutan Penyangga
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN PSIKOMOTOR BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATERI HUKUM HESS KIMIA DASAR DI PROGRAM UNGGULPENDIDIKAN KIMIA UNJA
Authors: Epinur Epinur , Afrida Afrida , Fuldiaratman Fuldiaratman
Published: April 2019

The assessment process is usually done at school so far only able to describe aspects mahamahasiswa improvement in cognitive ability. This research is the development (development research) with the intended target is the development of assessment instruments which are focused realm is the psychomotor. This study uses ADDIE development model which consists of three phases: analysis, design, and development. Product psychomotor assessment instruments validated by expert lecturers material and design. Psychomotor assessment instruments developed tested on a small scale (limited). Assessment instruments in the form of observation sheet consisting of three aspects of the assessment (preparation, process, and product). From the results of analysis of the assessment of psychomotor aspects of preparation, assessment processes and products obtained during one session that students are very well categorized as 75.76%, 21.21% as much good criteria, and the criteria pretty well as much as 3.03%. As for the category of poor and very poor are not found in the assessment process (0%). And to answer the questionnaire responses obtained lecturer with a score of 86.67% percentage, so in theory faculty response to the products included in the category of very strong or positive. The conclusion of this study is the psychomotor assessment instrument developed by the author can be used to measure the psychomotor.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS REPRESENTASI KIMIA PADA MATERI LAJU REAKSI UNTUK SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 4 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Syahri Wilda , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Ardi Ahmad Maulana
Published: April 2019

This study method was research and development and adapt ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) method. Used instruments in this research were interview sheets and students’questionnaire. Collected data were processed descriptively and formed into interval data (Likert scale), and analyzed from score and product qualification percentage. The results showed that chemical representation- based interactive multimedia was valid according to validator assessment and earned score of 64,5 (very good) from subject matter validator and 60 (good) from media validator. Furthermore, based on questionnaire responses of teachers and students each earned an average score of 75 (very good) and 90,49% (very good). Based on those results, it's concluded that this chemical representation-based interactive multimedia was well- developed and could be used as learning source.
Analisis Keterlaksanaan Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (Ctl) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa pada Materi Laju Reaksi
Authors: Rositaq Norma , Fuldiaratman Fuldiaratman , Dewi Fatria
Published: April 2019

The aim of this research was to find out how far the implementation of CTL model and the correlation with students’ creative thinking in reaction rate materials in class XI IPA MAN Muara Bulian. This is a correlational research using mix method design. Purposive sampling technique was chosen to take the data. The instrument of this research was an observation sheet about the implementation CTL model, a students’ creative thinking sheet and a test. T-test was used to find out the influence of the implementation of CTL model and the students’ creative thinking ability. It finds out that the correlation between the implementation of CTL model and the students’ students’ creative thinking ability rxy = 0,568. It can be categorized as moderate. It also finds out that tcount > ttable (3,160 > 2,080) with dk= 23 and a = 0,05. Therefore, H0 can be rejected and H1 is accepted. It could be concluded that good implementation of CTL model tends to go with good students’ creative thinking ability and vice versa.
ANALISIS KETERLAKSANAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING UNTUK MATERI SIFAT KOLIGATIF LARUTAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA KELAS XII IPA SMA ISLAM AL-FALAH KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Naswir Muhammad , Haryanto Haryanto , Wati Fera
Published: April 2019

Lack of active students in following the learning resulted in the ability of students to think in the learning process is low, let alone in the ability to think creatively. Students tend to learn by memorization, without the students finding themselves learning it. One alternative to making students actively discover their own learning is to use guided learning model of inkury. This study aims to determine the implementation of guided inquiry learning model on the ability of creative thinking, and student learning outcomes on the material nature of colligative solutions in class XII science high school Islam Al-Falah City Jambi. This research is a mixed research (mix method) by prioritizing qualitative data and then new quantitative data as primary data. The sampling technique was done by purposive sampling that was class XII IPA.1 as the sample class. The instrument used in this research is an observation sheet to see the model execution by teacher, student, and creative thinking, and essay test is used to see student learning result. Data analysis technique used in this research is 2 that is qualitative data analysis technique using Miles and Huberman obtained from observer comment on observation sheet, and quantitative data analysis technique using correlation of memoment product obtained from model implementation data by teacher, student, creative thinking , as well as data on student learning outcomes. The implementation of inquiry learning model guided by teachers and students has been done well seen the activities of teachers and students have increased each meeting. The correlation of the implementation of guided inquiry model with creative thinking ability is categorized with the value of rxy 0.43, while the ability of creative thinking with student learning outcomes is very low category with rxy value 0.17.  Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the implementation of guided inquiry learning model positively influences on the material of the colligative nature of the solution in class XII IPA.1 to the creative thinking ability of the students.
Use of Film to Sensitize Medical Students to Issues of Family Caregiving
Authors: Baughman Kristin R. , Palmisano Barbara , Sanders Margaret , Blackie Michael , Sperling David , Scott Erin , Radwany Steven , Drost Jennifer
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective: Families are the backbone of our long-term care system, managing complicated illnesses, providing direct care, and assisting with the day-to-day functioning of elderly patients. Medical education, however, provides students with little, if any, exposure to the challenges faced by family caregivers or how best to communicate with them to optimize patient care. We assessed the value of an educational program combining film and discussion as a means of sensitizing third-year medical students to caregiver issues. During their family medicine clerkship, third-year medical students at Northeast Ohio Medical University view the film, No Roadmap: Caregiver Journeys and discuss issues of family caregiving.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the program, including a qualitative focus group with clerkship preceptors and ongoing quantitative student evaluations.
Results: Preceptors reported that students related to the film in highly personal ways, often recounting experiences within their own families, and gained a greater appreciation of caregivers. Three years of student evaluations (n=403) were used to validate preceptor comments. Students agreed that the program helped them establish a comfortable relationship with caregivers, increased their awareness of caregiver challenges and rewards, and provided valuable insights into caregiver experiences.
Conclusions: Film depicting compelling narratives of caregiver journeys, coupled with guided discussion, is a valuable strategy for increasing student awareness of the important role of caregivers.
3 Encontro Nacional de Epidemiologia Veterinária - ENEPI 2018
Authors: Riegert Borba Mauro , De Freitas Costa Eduardo , Gustavo Corbellini Luís , Da Conceição Monteiro Kalinka , Serafini Poeta Ana Paula
Published: April 2019

Mensagem da Comissão Organizadora: É um prazer recebê-los em Porto Alegre para a 3ª edição do Encontro Nacional de Epi­demiologia Veterinária. Em 2012 tivemos nosso primeiro encontro em São Paulo, ideia que surgiu depois de sucessivas reuniões de integrantes de grupos de epidemiologia veterinária da USP, UFRGS e UnB. Em 2015 aconteceu a segunda edição em Brasília. E cá estamos nós juntos, depois de três anos, para celebrarmos esse encontro que tem o propósito de congregar a academia, serviços oficiais de saúde animal e pública, e de promover o desenvolvimento da epidemiologia veterinária no Brasil. Precisamos avançar, onde queremos chegar? Costumo perguntar em aula: afinal, o que é epidemio­logia? Em 1854 surgia essa ciência (sim! Epidemiologia é uma ciência) por meio de uma minuciosa investigação de uma epidemia de cólera em Londres coordenada por John Snow, pai da epidemiolo­gia contemporânea. No longínquo século 19, esse médico Inglês identificou, com o uso de métodos científicos, que a fonte daquela doença que estava matando centenas de londrinos diariamente era uma certa bomba de água, a famosa “Bomba da Broad Street”. Pois bem, ele chegou a essa conclusão sem que houvesse conhecimento concreto da existência de microrganismos patógenos! A aplicação de um método sistemático de investigação, criação de hipóteses e análise de padrões de ocorrência da doença permitiu tal feito. Ele refutou a teoria miasmática vigente na época, quebrou paradigmas. Po­demos notar, então, o potencial dessa ciência no combate de doenças transmissíveis em populações, seja ela animal ou humana. E nós aqui no Brasil? Onde estamos afinal? Para cada um que está aqui eu lhes pergunto: qual foi o conteúdo ministrado da epidemiologia durante a sua formação acadêmica? Você ficou preso em conceitos semânticos de incidência ou prevalência ou teve a oportunidade de explorar a epidemiologia em sua mais íntima natureza? Precisamos olhar mais adiante, sair um pouco da teoria microbiana e explorar todos os possíveis efeitos que, unidos em uma complexa rede causal, afetam a saúde dos indivíduos. É o momento de explorar o raciocínio científico para criarmos teorias sobre a ocorrência de doenças, de como surgem epidemias, de como as pessoas podem ser expostas a perigos microbiológicos oriundos de alimentos de origem animal. Qual é a probabilidade? O que é risco? Para onde a doença pode ir? Em que áreas eu devo focar meus esforços para aumentar a eficiên­cia das ações? Quais são os riscos à saúde pública se eu decidir mudar todo o método de inspeção de produtos de origem animal? As respostas a esses e outros inúmeros questionamentos nós esperamos encontrar aqui. Nosso intuito maior é promover o desenvolvimento da epidemiologia veterinária no Brasil. Em nome da Cominação Organizadora do 3º ENEPI (01 a 03 de Agosto), lhes desejamos um ótimo encontro e uma ótima estada em Porto Alegre.
A Utopia de Thomas More e a Questão Republicana
Authors: Trindade Gleyton
Published: April 2019

Este artigo realiza uma revisão bibliográfica procurando analisar o significado da obra Utopia, de Thomas More, com base nos trabalhos que metodologicamente valorizam o “contexto intelectual” de uma obra. Adotando um ponto de vista crítico em relação às leituras liberais da Utopia, o artigo procura destacar os avanços do que estamos designando como leituras republicanas, em seu esforço de inserir a obra de More nos debates de seu tempo. Concluímos que a grande contribuição da Utopia para pensar os desafios políticos, inclusive no mundo contemporâneo, não está no que ela prefiguraria de um possível regime totalitário, como afirmaria a leitura liberal, mas na necessidade de refletir sobre a constituição de uma república de homens livres nas condições de regimes políticos ameaçados pelo poder econômico.
Correlação de forças e recursos políticos no governo de Bachelet (2006-2010) e os impasses às possíveis inovações democráticas no Chile
Authors: Fukushima Kátia Alves
Published: April 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar se o governo de Michelle Bachelet (2006-2010) conseguiu aprofundar a democracia chilena a partir de inovações democráticas. Para tanto, análise do governo focará em duas dimensões: a) a correlação de forças políticas e econômicas (com a oposição partidária, setores empresariais, midiáticos e da igreja) e; b) a assimetria de recursos políticos (oriundos dos legados institucionais, do sistema político, dos pactos e da base de apoio social). A partir dessa análise, observamos que o governo de Bachelet diante da correlação de forças, bem como, da presença dos legados institucionais advindos da ditadura – como a presença de uma Constituição restritiva, do sistema eleitoral binominal e de regras rígidas para reformas – foi condicionado a manter um “governo de continuidades”, não promovendo, portanto, mudanças institucionais a ponto de ampliar o espaço democrático.
A formação política do Brasil e o processo de democracia inercial
Authors: Baquero Marcello , Ranincheski Sônia , De O. de Castro Henrique Carlos
Published: April 2019

O artigo analisa a cultura política do Brasil, a visão do brasileiro em relação à democracia e às instituições políticas. Após 24 anos de ditadura militar, em 1988, o país retoma o caminho democrático com processos eleitorais regulares e alternância no poder. A redemocratização no Brasil, a partir dos anos 1980, no entanto, não foi suficiente para construir um sentimento de confiança na política. Pelo contrário, a desconfiança com a política se acentua no país, gerando incongruências entre o desenvolvimento de valores democráticos e desconfiança institucional. Quais seriam as razões para este paradoxo? O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar o conceito de democracia inercial como uma característica marcante no atual momento político do país. Assim, analisamos a história da formação política do Brasil, destacando a forte presença do Estado, da desigualdade social e da combinação entre autoritarismo e liberalismo, além dos elementos sistêmicos de corrupção e cidadania passiva. Concluímos que os brasileiros mantêm o padrão de desconfiança nas instituições e que as conjunturas políticas vêm agravando esse sentimento resultando na manutenção da inércia democrática, inibindo as possibilidades de inovações democráticas.