bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Autonomy-supporting Coaching and Interruption Intention: Verification of the Mediating Effect of Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Oh Youngtaek
Published: April 2021

Objective: Studies in Sports Psychology and Sociology have validated causality in team-sport athletes by using emotional intelligence as a variable. This study aimed to examine the causal relationship between the types of autonomy support coaching, emotional intelligence, and interruption intention as psychosocial variables among current taekwondo athletes in Korea.Methods: In this study, 217 adult or university athletes registered in the Korea Taekwondo Association in 2020 were evaluated for the type of autonomy support coaching, emotional intelligence, and interruption intention. Results: Autonomy support coaching recognized by taekwondo athletes has a negative and positive effect on interruption intention and emotional intelligence, respectively. Moreover, emotional intelligence has a negative effect on interruption intention. which revealed that autonomy support coaching has a negative effect on interruption intention through emotional intelligence.Conclusions: Such outcomes can serve as a foundation for athletes to have the opportunity to participate in sports in a mature manner and promote positive changes in sports culture. In other words, the sensibility of the athletes can be harmoniously symmetry.
Popular Ethnomedicinal Plant Alstonia scholaris Induces Neurotoxicity-related Behavioural Changes in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Laskar Yahyea Baktiar , Laskar A.S.M. Islamul Hoque , Gulzar Abu Barkat Md , Bandana Udaya Kumar , Bhattacharjee Niloy , Mazumder Pranab Behari
Published: April 2021

Plants constituents are a reliable source of the remedial need of humanity for ages by being the basis of the traditional medicinal system and often serving as the prototype for designing modern medicine. Several plants are used in traditional medicine for ages without proper administration guidelines in terms of dosages. Several toxicological analyses revealed side-effects of such therapies beyond a specific dose. One such plant is Alstonia scholaris, widely used in numerous traditional medicines to treat diseases like ulcers, asthma, diabetes, etc. The present study investigated the neurotoxic effect of the plant extract through oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. The treated mice showed anxiety, neophobic and depression-like properties compared to control mice. The biochemical parameters show an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration while decreasing the total protein content in different brain regions of treated mice. The Glutathione Reductase (GR) activity shows an increase in treated mice compared to the control one. The study indicates that Alstonia scholaris may cause severe damage to the central nervous system when administered without a proper guideline.
Multidimensional Analysis of Latin American Indigenous Peoples Against COVID-19
Authors: Perez Israel Jimmy , Salazar Vásquez Lita
Published: April 2021

Background: and objectives: Covid-19 is a global pandemic that requires a culturally integrated response in all Latin American government systems. In this study, we investigate the multidimensional associations of actions in Latin American indigenous peoples against Covid-19 Methods: We performed a data mining analysis of scientific literature records from 19 academic journals, using the topics Covid-19, mortality, indigenous peoples, and future measures, rights and actions. The literature is analyzed in a multidimensional way, either isolated or combined. It uses switchable statistical methods, the R Studio, worddj, Gephi, and Iramuteq for both textual and multidimensional analysis. Results and Conclusions: In this analysis, the literature is classified into 4 linked groups which are the indigenous people, the rights of territorial protection, the indigenous health culture, the Covid-19 pandemic with its protection efforts. Taking the indigenous peoples as an axis, we observe that the covid pandemic and the protection of their territories do not have the same force in the current context, the indigenous people are more linked to the protection of their territory. Indigenous peoples have a link of cultural strength in traditional health independent of Covid treatment. It should be noted that government agencies are taking measures regarding the covid pandemic with an effort not marked within the health culture of indigenous peoples.
Classification of Grass and Forb Species on Riverdike Using UAV LiDAR-Based Structural Indices
Authors: Miura Naoko , Koyanagi Tomoyo F. , Yamada Susumu , Yokota Shigehiro ,   Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan,   Field Studies Institute for Environmental Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Japan,   Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan,   Faculty of Environmental Studies, Tokyo City University, Yokohama, Japan
Published: April 2021

Herbaceous vegetation on riverdikes plays an important role in preventing soil erosion, which, otherwise, may lead to the collapse of riverdikes and consequently, severe flooding. It is crucial for managers to keep suitable vegetation conditions, which include native grass species such as Imperata cylindrica, and to secure visibility of riverdikes for inspection. If managers can efficiently find where suitable grass and unsuitable forb species grow on vast riverdikes, it would help in vegetation management on riverdikes. Classification and quantification of herbaceous vegetation is a challenging task. It requires spatial resolution and accuracy high enough to recognize small, complex-shaped vegetation on riverdikes. Recent developments in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology combined with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) may offer the solution, since it can provide highly accurate, high-spatial resolution, and denser data than conventional systems. This paper aims to develop a model to classify grass and forb species using UAV LiDAR data alone. A combination of UAV LiDAR-based structural indices, V-bottom (presence of vegetation up to 50 cm from the ground) and V-middle (presence of vegetation 50–100 cm from the ground), was tested and validated in 94 plots owing to its ability to classify grass and forb species on riverdikes. The proposed method successfully classified the “upright” grass species and “falling” grass species / forb species with an accuracy of approximately 83%. Managers can efficiently prioritize the inspection areas on the riverdikes by using this method. The method is versatile and adjustable in other grassland environments.
Research on Identification of Road Features from Point Cloud Data Using Deep Learning
Authors: Umehara Yoshimasa , Tsukada Yoshinori , Nakamura Kenji , Tanaka Shigenori , Nakahata Koki ,   Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-0073, Japan,   Faculty of Business Administration, Setsunan University, Neyagawa, Japan,   Faculty of Information Technology and Social Sciences, Osaka University of Economics, Osaka, Japan,   Faculty of Informatics, Kansai University, Takatsuki, Japan,   Graduate School of Informatics, Kansai University, Takatsuki, Japan
Published: April 2021

Laser measurement technology has progressed significantly in recent years, and diverse methods have been developed to measure three-dimensional (3D) objects within environmental spaces in the form of point cloud data. Although such point cloud data are expected to be used in a variety of applications, such data do not possess information on the specific features represented by the points, making it necessary to manually select the target features. Therefore, the identification of road features is essential for the efficient management of point cloud data. As a technology for identifying features from the point cloud data of road spaces, in this research, we propose a method for automatically dividing point cloud data into units of features and identifying features from projected images with added depth information. We experimentally verified that the proposed method accurately identifies and extracts such features.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI, KEPUTUSAN PENDANAAN DAN KEBIJAKAN DEVIDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Fitiriawati Fifta Dian , Wulandari Retno , Sari Ati Retna
Published: April 2021

Tujuan atas penelitian ini yakni untuk menjelaskan serta menganalisis pengaruhnya keputusan investasi, keputusan pendanaan dan kebijakan deviden terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor barang konsumsi di BEI tahun 2016-2019. Populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah perusahaan manufaktur sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI. Sampel yang digunakna ialah 18 perusahaan dengan periode pengamatan 4 tahun yaitu 2016-2019. Metode ditentukannya sampel yakni digunakannya metode purposive sampling. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis moderated regression analysis (MRA) menggunakan spss versi 22. Hasil telah memberikan simpulan yakni, keputusan investasi memengaruhi nilai perusahaan, keputusan pendanaan memengaruhi nilai perusahaan, kebijakan deviden memengaruhi nilai perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan mampu diperkuat oleh pengaruh keputusan investasi pada nilai perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan tidak mampu diperkuat pengaruhnya keputusan pendanaan pada nilai perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan tidak mampu diperkuat adanya pengaruh kebijakan deviden pada nilai perusahaan.
Reading and its relationships among attitude, motivation, and comprehension achievement in upper secondary school students
Authors: Tisa Fatimah , Sofendi Sofendi , Eryansyah Eryansyah
Published: April 2021

Reading is essential in every subject. Reading also has a relationship with the students' achievement. This study is aimed to investigate whether or not there is (1) a significant correlation between reading attitude and reading comprehension achievement, (2) a significant correlation between reading motivation and reading comprehension achievement, (3) a significant correlation between reading attitude and reading motivation, and (4) any correlation between predictor variables and the criterion variable. The study was a correlational study with Pearson-product moment correlation. The sample of this study were 95 eleventh graders of upper secondary school. Cluster random sampling technique is used in this study. Questionnaires of reading attitude, reading motivation, and reading comprehension tests are given. The questionnaire result reveals that the reading attitude was negative, and reading motivation is medium. Furthermore, the results show that reading attitude and reading comprehension has a significant correlation. Reading motivation and reading comprehension also has a significant correlation. The roles of students, parents and teachers must work suitably in order to construct the positive reading atmosphere, thus they could achieve the better achievement in reading even for all subjects.

HIGHLIGHTS:

The supports from family in motivating the children to be a good reader could build the positive attitude toward reading.

Reading motivation can lead to the improvement in language learning performance.

The learners who tend to read simple English texts can be said as the learners who were lacking English reading experiences.
Canadian Librarianship and the Politics of Recognition
Authors: Popowich Sam
Published: April 2021

Recent controversies in Canadian librarianship—the Toronto Public Library room rental to a "gender-critical feminist" group and the institution of “airport-style” security at the Winnipeg Public Library—have exposed divisions within the profession. This article attempts to untangle the relationship of Canadian libraries to state power and explores hegemonic leadership within the library profession. It also investigates the part played by a politics of recognition, both in the reinforcement of professional discipline and in the maintenance of the social, political, and economic status quo regarding the rights and democratic participation of marginalized communities. The paper begins with a brief account of recent controversies, looks at intellectual freedom, and then analyzes the ways in which politics of recognition play out in libraries and settler-colonial societies. Based on Taylor’s theory of recognition and its critique by Coulthard and Fraser, this article argues that, within the context of a needed refoundation of social relations, recognition must be combined with real redistribution of rights and participation.
Functionnectome: a framework to analyse the contribution of brain circuits to fMRI
Authors: de Schotten Michel Thiebaut , Nozais Victor , Forkel Stephanie , Foulon Chris , Petit Laurent
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved away from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of these regions within functional networks. However, the methods used to investigate functional networks rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomical circuitries supporting the interaction between brain regions. Mapping the brain circuits mediating the functional signal between brain regions would propel our understanding of the brain’s functional signatures and dysfunctions. We developed a novel method to unravel the relationship between brain circuits and functions: The Functionnectome. The Functionnectome combines the functional signal from fMRI with white matter circuits’ anatomy to unlock and chart the first maps of functional white matter. To showcase this new method’s versatility, we provide the first functional white matter maps revealing the joint contribution of connected areas to motor, working memory, and language functions. The Functionnectome comes with an open-source companion software and opens new avenues into studying functional networks by applying the method to already existing dataset and beyond task fMRI.
Cu(II) and Cd(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution with LDH@GO-NH2 and LDH@GO-SH: Kinetics and Probable Mechanism
Authors: Liao Wei , Bao Di , Li Huiqiang , Yang Ping
Published: April 2021

Two novel adsorbents of thiol- and amino-functionalized GO grafted onto LDH (LDH@GO-NH2 and LDH@GO-SH) were synthesized and contrasted for adsorption properties for Cu(II) and Cd(II). Characterization experiments illustrated that thiol group (-SH) and amino group (-NH2) were existed onto LDH@GO-NH2 and LDH@GO-SH. Adsorption isotherm results showed that the adsorption processes were satisfactorily fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(II) on LDH@GO-SH at 308 K was 102.77 mg/g, which was about triple that of LDH@GO-NH2. The enhancement in adsorption capacity was due to the cooperative effect of LDH and GO-SH. The kinetic experimental data for LDH@GO-NH2 and LDH@GO-SH were found to be in good agreement with pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic parameters calculated from the temperature dependent adsorption isotherms indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The possible adsorption mechanisms comprising formation of precipitation, isomorphic substitution of Mg(II), and formation of complexation with amino-groups and thiol-groups were proposed. Desorption experiments put into evidence that the LDH@GO-NH2 and LDH@GO-SH may be promising suitable candidates for the remediation of metal ions from aqueous solutions in real work in the near future.
Risk Factors for Perioperative Blood Transfusion in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy for Benign Disease in a Teaching Institution
Authors: Saad-Naguib Michael , Ulker Ashley , Timmons Douglas , Grady Mary , Lederer Madeline , Carugno Jose
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose is to identify risk factors for perioperative blood transfusion in patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign disease. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review including all the patients who underwent hysterectomy for benign disease between January 1st 2018 and December 31st 2019. Patients who received perioperative blood transfusion were identified and compared to those who did not. The following risk factors for blood transfusion were analyzed: route of hysterectomy, BMI, presence of adhesions, history of cesarean section, uterine weight. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 517 patients were identified and included in the study. Forty-seven patients (9.09 %) received a perioperative blood transfusion. The abdominal hysterectomy route (TAH) was a significant risk factor for receiving blood transfusion (p=0.012). Other identified risk factors for blood transfusion included: Body mass index above 33.0 (p=0.002), and uterine weight (p=0.002). There was no association between the presence of pelvic adhesions (p=0.91) or a personal history of cesarean section (p=0.89) and receiving perioperative blood transfusion. When analyzing only the patients who underwent TLH, the presence of pelvic adhesion was found as a risk factor for perioperative blood transfusion (p=0.024) Conclusion: The abdominal hysterectomy route, the presence of a large uterus, and obesity are risk factors for receiving a blood transfusion. Early identification of the patient at risk of requiring perioperative blood transfusion provides better patient counseling and surgical preparation.
Viral-eukaryotic gene exchange drives infection mode and cellular evolution
Authors: Irwin Nicholas , Pittis Alexandros , Richards Thomas , Keeling Patrick
Published: April 2021

Gene exchange between viruses and their hosts acts as a key facilitator of horizontal gene transfer and is thought to be a major driver of evolutionary change 1–3. Our understanding of this process comes primarily from bacteria and phage co-evolution4, but the mode and functional significance of gene transfers between eukaryotes and their viruses remains more anecdotal. Here we show that viral-eukaryotic gene exchange can define infection strategies and has recurrently influenced eukaryotic evolution. Using a systematic, phylogenetically-informed approach, we characterized viral-eukaryotic gene exchange across diverse taxa, identifying thousands of transfers, and revealing their frequency, taxonomic distribution, and projected functions, across the eukaryotic tree of life. Eukaryote-derived viral genes revealed common viral host-manipulation strategies, including the key cellular pathways and compartments targeted during infection, identifying potential targets for broad-spectrum host-targeted antiviral therapeutics. Furthermore, viral-derived eukaryotic genes exposed a recurring role for viral glycosyltransferases in the diversification of eukaryotic morphology, as viral-derived genes have impacted the evolution of structures as diverse as algal cell walls, trypanosome mitochondria, and animal tissues. These findings illuminate the nature of viral-eukaryotic gene exchange and its impact on the biology of viruses and their eukaryotic hosts, providing novel perspectives for understanding viral infection mechanisms and revealing the influence of viruses on eukaryotic evolution.
Gas Permeability Change with Deformation and Cracking of a Sandstone under Triaxial Compression
Authors: LIN Yuan-Jian , LIU Jiang-Feng , CHEN Tao , MA Shi-Jia , WANG Pei-Lin , BAI Hai-Bo
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a THMC multi-field coupling triaxial cell was used to systematically study the evolution of gas permeability and the deformation characteristics of sandstone. The effects of confining pressure, axial pressure and air pressure on gas permeability characteristics were fully considered in the test. The gas permeability of sandstone decreases with increasing confining pressure. When the confining pressure is low, the variation of gas permeability is greater than the variation of gas permeability at high confining pressure. The gas injection pressure has a significant effect on the gas permeability evolution of sandstone. As the gas injection pressure increases, the gas permeability of sandstone tends to decrease. At the same confining pressure, the gas permeability of the sample during the unloading path is less than the gas permeability of the sample in the loading path. When axial pressure is applied, the axial stress has a significant influence on the permeability evolution of sandstone. When the axial pressure is less than 30 MPa, the gas permeability of the sandstone increases as the axial pressure increases. At axial pressures greater than 30 MPa, the permeability decreases as the axial pressure increases. Finally, the micro-pore/fracture structure of the sample after the gas permeability test was observed using 3D X-ray CT imaging.
Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With S-1 Plus Oxaliplatin for Gastric Cancer Clinical T4 or N2-3
Authors: SERIZAWA AKIKO , Kuramochi Hidekazu , Taniguchi Kiyoaki , Ota Masaho , Katagiri Satoshi , Yamada Takuji , Kotake Sho , Ito Shunichi , Suzuki Kazuomi , Yamamoto Masakazu
Published: April 2021

Background: In Japan, the standard treatment for stage II or III gastric cancer is D2 gastrectomy followed by administration of S-1 for one year. However, patients with stage III disease have unsatisfactory survival rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of S-1 and oxaliplatin for advanced gastric cancer.Methods: Patients with cT4 or cN2–3 gastric cancer were scheduled to receive two courses of chemotherapy (130 mg/m2 oxaliplatin on Day 1, 80 mg/m2 S-1 per day twice daily for 14 days) followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was the R0 resection rate. The secondary endpoints were rates of completion of protocol treatment, pathological response, and adverse events; and 3-year overall survival, 5-year overall survival, and 5-year recurrence-free survival.Results: Between May 2016 and March 2019, 30 patients were enrolled in the study, all of whom completed the protocol treatment. The R0 resection rate (primary endpoint) was 93.3% (95% confidence interval: 77.9–99.2). The pathological response rate was 63.3%. Grade 3–4 toxicities included anemia (3.3%), anorexia (6.7%), and fatigue (3.3%). Relative dose intensities were 91.2% and 94.2% for S-1 and oxaliplatin, respectively.Conclusions: Neoadjuvant S-1 and oxaliplatin is highly effective, achieving an acceptable R0 resection rate with relatively few severe toxicities and good compliance. Trial registration information:Registry name: A prospective intervention study on the availability of preoperative SOX therapy for T4 or N2-3 gastric cancerTrial ID: UMIN: UMIN000024656URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000028365
Association between metabolic associated fatty liver disease and Osteoarthritis using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Authors: Han A lum
Published: April 2021

Osteoarthritis of the knee (knee OA) is on the rise due to the aging population and increasing obesity. In addition to mechanical stress attributed to weight and age, osteoarthritis is associated with obesity and metabolic dysregulation. Here, a cross-sectional study targeting retrospectively registered 17,476 adults aged 50 years or older who were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (2010–2011) was performed to analyze the association between the newly named metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and knee OA. Fatty liver index (FLI) ≥ 60 confirmed the presence of MAFLD, and FLI < 30 indicated the absence of MAFLD. Knee OA was diagnosed according to the Kellgren–Lawrence scale based on knee radiography results. A complex sample logistic regression analysis was performed. Statistically significant factors were adjusted to estimate probability ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were used to investigate the association between knee OA and MAFLD. The probability of knee OA was 1.479 times higher in the presence of MAFLD than that in the normal group. The results indicate that MAFLD is significantly associated with knee OA, suggesting that these two disorders should be managed simultaneously.
Conversion of Lignocellulosic Waste Into Effective Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance
Authors: Jahedi Elham , Panahi Reza
Published: April 2021

Development of cationic flocculants from lignocellulosic wastes not only eliminates the health and environmental concerns associated with the use of conventional chemicals but also is the way of waste valorization. In the present study, cellulose fibers extracted from rice husk were cationized through an optimization method based on Response Surface Methodology. The fibers cationized at the optimal conditions had a zeta potential of 15.2±1.0 mV, which was 1.73-fold higher than that of the preliminary experiments. FTIR analysis proved the presence of the corresponding functional groups. The functionalized fibers were biodegradable and had absolutely positive surface charges at a broad pH range. The cationized fibers were employed as a flocculant to remove turbidity from the synthetic wastewaters at various pHs and initial turbidities. The cationic fibers showed the excellent turbidity removals up to 98.5% from the synthetic wastewater without the need for conventional coagulants. In contrast to traditionally cationized fibers, the synthesized flocculants did not affect the effluent color during coagulation-flocculation. The charge neutralization and bridging through adsorption were the governing mechanisms of flocculation. The procedure can be applied on lignocellulosic wastes to develop cationic fibers with the excellent flocculation ability and suitable operational characteristics.
Multi-omics molecular phenotyping of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines reveals novel drug vulnerabilities
Authors: Stahl Matthias , Aswad Luay , Leo Isabelle , Kunold Elena , Post Frederik , Erkers Tom , Struyf Nona , Mermelekas Georgios , Joshi Rubin , Gracia-Villacampa Eva , Östling Päivi , Kalloniemi Olli , Tamm Katja Pokrovskaja , Siavelis Ioannis , Lehtiö Janne , Vesterlund Mattias , Jafari Rozbeh
Published: April 2021

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Although standard-of-care chemotherapeutics are sufficient for most ALL cases, there are subsets of patients with poor response who relapse in disease. The biology underlying differences between subtypes and their response to therapy has only partially been explained by genetic and transcriptomic profiling. To characterize ALL subtypes and identify novel pharmacologic vulnerabilities, we performed comprehensive multi-omic analyses of 49 widely-used childhood ALL cell lines, using proteomics, transcriptomics, and pharmacoproteomic characterization. This enabled us to characterize the functional impact of genetic fusions and cellular differentiation states. The proteomics data revealed differences in spliceosome and p53 levels not evident in the transcriptomics data and with improved correlation to drug sensitivity. Focusing on BCP-ALL cell lines, we connected the genotype, molecular phenotype, and functional phenotype with drug response data on 528 oncology drugs. Here, we identified the DAG-analog Bryostatin-1 as a novel therapeutic candidate in the MEF2D-HNRNPUL1 fusion high-risk subtype, for which this drug activated pro-apoptotic ERK signaling associated with molecular mediators of pre-B cell negative selection. Our data also forms an interactive online resource with navigable proteomics, transcriptomics, and drug sensitivity profiles at https://lehtio-lab.se/forall/.
Free energy landscape with two barriers and a transient intermediate state determining the unfolding and folding dynamics of cold shock protein
Authors: Hong Haiyan , Guo Zilong , Sun Hao , Yu Ping , Su Huanhuan , Ma Xuening , Chen Hu
Published: April 2021

Cold shock protein (Csp) is a typical two-state folding model protein which has been widely studied by biochemistry and single molecule techniques. Recently two-state property of Csp was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) through direct pulling measurement, while several long-lifetime intermediate states were found by force-clamp AFM. We systematically studied force-dependent folding and unfolding dynamics of Csp using magnetic tweezers with intrinsic constant force capability. We found that Csp mostly folds and unfolds with a single step over force range from 5 pN to 50 pN, and the unfolding rates show different force sensitivities at forces below and above ~ 8 pN, which determines a free energy landscape with two barriers and a transient intermediate between them along one transition pathway. Our results provide a new insight on protein folding mechanism of two-state proteins.
Ppe.XapF: High Throughput KASP Assays to Identify Fruit Response to Xanthomonas Arboricola pv. pruni (Xap) in Peach
Authors: Fleming Margaret B. , Miller Texanna , Fu Wanfang , Li Zhigang , Gasic Ksenija , Saski Christopher
Published: April 2021

Background
Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a serious peach disease with symptoms that traverse severe defoliation and black surface pitting, cracking or blemishes on peach fruit with global economic impacts. A management option for control and meeting consumer demand for chemical-free, environmentally friendly fruit production is the development of resistant or tolerant cultivars.
Results
We developed simple, accurate, and efficient Ppe.XapF DNA tests based on SNP genotyping with KASP technology to quickly test for bacterial spot resistance alleles in peach fruit and cull at the greenhouse stage. The objective of this research was to validate newly developed Ppe.XapF DNA tests that target the two major QTLs for fruit resistance in peach with diagnostic utility in predicting fruit response to bacterial spot infection.
Conclusion
Our study confirms that only two Ppe.XapF DNA tests, Ppe.XapF1-1 and Ppe.XapF6-2, are needed to distinguish between susceptible and resistant haplotypes. Use of these efficient and accurate Ppe.XapF KASP tests resulted in 44% reduction in seedling planting rate in the Clemson University peach breeding program.
Expression of cardiac copper chaperone encoding genes and their correlation with cardiac function parameters in goats
Authors: Mandour Ahmed S. , Mahmoud Ahmed E. , Ali Asmaa O. , Matsuura Katsuhiro , Samir Haney , Abdelmageed Hend A. , Ma Danfu , Yoshida Tomohiko , Hamabe Lina , Uemura Akiko , Watanabe Gen , Tanaka Ryou
Published: April 2021

The expression of copper chaperone (Cu-Ch) encoding genes enables an in-depth understanding of copper-associated disorders, but no previous studies have been undertaken to highlight Cu-Ch disturbances in heart tissue in ruminants after copper deficiency (CuD). The current study aimed to investigate the Cu-Ch mRNA expression in goat’s heart after experimental CuD and highlight their relationship with the cardiac measurements. Eleven male goats were enrolled and divided into the control group (n = 4) and CuD group (treatment, n = 7), which received copper-reducing dietary regimes (molybdenum and sulfur). Heart function was evaluated by electrocardiography and echocardiography, and at the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed, and the cardiac tissues were collected for quantitative mRNA expression by real-time PCR. In the treatment group, cardiac measurements revealed increased preload and the existence of cardiac dilatation and significant cardiac tissue damage by histopathology. Also, the relative mRNA expression of Cu-Ch encoding genes; ATP7A, CTr1, LOX, COX17, as well as ceruloplasmin (CP), troponin I3 (TNNI3), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), and matrix metalloprotease inhibitor (MMPI1) genes were significantly down-regulated in CuD group. Besides, there was a variable significant correlation between investigated genes and cardiac measurements; meanwhile, a significant inverse correlation was observed between histopathological score and ATP7B, CTr1, LOX, and COX17. In conclusion, this study revealed that CuD induces cardiac dilatation and alters the mRNA expression of Cu-Ch genes, in addition to TNNI3, GPX1, and MMPI1 that are considered key factors in clinically undetectable CuD-induced cardiac damage in goats which necessitate further studies for feasibility as biomarkers.
Design, Synthesis and Apoptosis Inducing Activity of Non-steroidal Flavone- methanesulfonate Derivatives on MCF-7 cell line as Potential Sulfatase Inhibitor
Authors: Javadi Mahdiyeh HS , Iraji Aida , safavi maliheh , Montazeri Hamed , Tarighi Parastoo , Eftekhari Samane , Navidpour Lateifeh , Mirfazli Seyedeh Sara
Published: April 2021

In recent years, focusing on new potent anticancer agents with selective activity is one of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the main cause of cancer deaths in women. The sulfatase enzyme plays an important role in converting the sulfated steroids into non-sulfate steroid hormones, which increases the growth and development of many hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast cancer. In this regard, structure-based optimization was conducted to design novel flavone-sulfonates pharmacophore as a new steroid sulfatase inhibitor. In the present work, the conventional methods for the synthesis of 4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl methanesulfonate derivatives were reported. Their cytotoxicity was evaluated with MTT assay against a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The apoptosis inducing activity of the most cytotoxic compound 3c with an IC50 value of 0.615 µM was evaluated in comparison to docetaxel in the presence of estradiol which is a crucial growth factor to survive the cancerous cells. The results of double staining Annexin V-FITC/PI analysis suggested that the cytotoxic activity of this compound 3c in MCF-7 cells occurs via apoptosis. Molecular docking studies were conducted to clarify the inhibition mode of the most promising compound (3c) over the sulfatase (1P49) binding site. The analysis revealed the role of hydrogen bond interaction with Gly181 and hydrophobic interactions through the 1P49 active site in the ligand-receptor complex as significant descriptors to rationalize the potential inhibition activity.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using an Optimized Enzymatic Cocktail Prepared From Secretomes of Filamentous Fungi Isolated From Amazonian Biodiversity
Authors: Rosa Pamella Santa , de Oliveira Jessica Batista , Filho Spartaco Astolfi , Pereira Nei
Published: April 2021

The use of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has emerged as one of the main strategies for generating renewable biofuels. For the efficient use of such feedstock, pretreatments are essential. The hydrolysis of cellulose – major component of LCB - demands enzymatic cocktails with improved efficiency to generate fermentable sugars. In this scenario, lignocellulolytic fungi have enormous potential for the development of efficient enzyme platforms. In this study, two enzymatic cocktails were developed for hydrolysis of two lignocellulosic biomasses: industrial cellulose pulp and cassava peel. The solid biomass ratio in relation to the protein content of the enzyme cocktail were performed by experimental design. The optimized cocktail for the hydrolysis of cellulose pulp (AMZ 1) was composed, in protein base, by 43% of Aspergillus sp LMI03 enzyme extract and 57% of T. reesei QM9414, while the optimal enzyme cocktail for cassava peel hydrolysis (AMZ 2) was composed by 50% of Aspergillus sp LMI03 enzyme extract, 25% of the extract of P. citrinum LMI01 and 25% of T. reesei. The ratio between solids and protein loading for AMZ 1 cocktail performance was 52 g/L solids and 30mg protein/g solids, resulting in a hydrolytic efficiency of 93%. For the AMZ 2 cocktail, the hydrolytic efficiency was 78% for an optimized ratio of 78g/L solids and 19mg protein/g solids. These results indicate that cocktails formulated with enzymatic extracts of P. citrinum LMI01, Aspergillus sp LMI03 and T. reesei QM9414 are excellent alternatives for efficient hydrolysis of plant biomass and for other processes that depend on biocatalysis.
Intracardiac Masses I-Mass Study Single Center Experience Within 12 Years
Authors: Bugra Zehra , Emet Samim , Umman Berrin , Ozer Pelin Karaca , Sezer Murat , Baykiz Derya , Atilgan Dursun , Tireli Emin , Dursun Memduh , Yılmazbayhan Dilek , Karaayvaz Ekrem Bilal , Elitok Ali , Bilge Ahmet Kaya , Goren Taner , Umman Sabahattin
Published: April 2021

Objective : The aim of this cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study was to review and classify cardiac masses systematically and to determine their frequencies.Methods : The medical records of 64,862 consecutive patients were investigated within 12 years. Every patient with a cardiac mass imaged by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and confirmed with an advanced imaging modality such as transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), computed tomography (CT) and / or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was included. Acute coronary syndromes triggering thrombus formation, vegetations, intracardiac device and catheter related thrombi were excluded.Results : Data demonstrated 127 (0.195 %) intracardiac masses consisting of 33 (0.050 %) primary benign, 3 (0.004 %) primary malignant, 20 (0.030 %) secondary tumors, 3 (0.004 %) hydatid cysts and 68 (0.104 %) thrombi respectively. The majority of primary cardiac tumors were benign (91.67 %), predominantly myxomas (78.79 %), and the less malignant (8.33 %). Secondary cardiac tumors were common than the primary malignant tumors (20:3), with male dominancy (55 %), lymphoma and lung cancers were the most frequent. Intracardiac thrombi was the majority of the cardiac masses, thrombi accompanying malignancies were in the first range (n=17, 25%), followed by autoimmune diseases (n=13, 19.12 %) and ischemic heart disease with low ejection fraction (n=12, 17.65 %).Conclusion: This retrospective analysis identified 127 patients with cardiac masses. The majority of benign tumors were myxoma, the most common tumors that metastasized to the heart were lymphoma and lung cancers, and the thrombi associated with malignancies and autoimmune diseases were the most frequent.
Susceptibility of Hop Cultivars and Rootstock to Downy Mildew Caused by Pseudoperonospora humuli
Authors: Higgins Douglas S. , Hausbeck Mary K.
Published: April 2021

Annual downy mildew [Pseudoperonospora humuli (Miyabe & Takah.) G.W. Wilson, (1914)] epidemics threaten hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) production throughout the eastern United States. Rootstock rot complicates foliar disease assessments because dormant buds may rot before producing a symptomatic basal shoot and noncolonized buds produce healthy shoots. We selected 12 cultivars to evaluate downy mildew susceptibility (2016 and 2017) and examined the rhizomes of a subset of six cultivars (2018) that showed clear differences in foliar disease ratings to determine rootstock rot susceptibility. Trials were conducted on nontrellised hop yards established at two research farms in 2016 and managed without fungicides. The relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) values for foliar disease severity and density ratings were consistently higher for ‘Cascade’, ‘Centennial’, and ‘Nugget’ than for ‘Newport’, ‘Tahoma’, and ‘Columbia’. Only ‘Centennial’ had a higher wet-rot cortex discoloration (CD) incidence (71.5%) and severity (31.9%) in its rhizomes than the other cultivars. Among cultivars with low foliar disease levels, Columbia was less vigorous (shoots/plant) than ‘Tahoma’, but had similar wet-rot CD (incidence, 46.4% to 47.2%; severity, 12.5% to 17.7%). The levels of wet-rot CD for ‘Tahoma’, ‘Newport’, and ‘Columbia’ were comparable to those of some cultivars with more severe foliar disease symptoms (‘Nugget’ and ‘Cascade’). Differences in foliar disease among cultivars with similar levels of rootstock rot suggest a resistance defense mechanism to P. humuli. Additional work is needed to clarify rootstock infection sites and characterize defense responses to aid future breeding efforts.
Effects of the Contents of Mineral Elements on Gummosis in Prunus salicina Lindl.
Authors: Ma Xiaoli , Liu Xuefeng , Xiang Pingwei , Qiu Shichun , Yuan Xiangcheng , Yang Mei
Published: April 2021

To investigate the relationship between mineral elements and plum gummosis disease, Prunus salicina Lindl. trees with four grades of gummosis were used as the experimental materials. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the branches and leaves were measured, and the correlation between mineral elements and gummosis was systemically analyzed through multiple comparisons, binary logistic regression analysis, and ordinal logistic regression analysis. In addition, the effects of prevention and control of the necessary mineral elements on the gummosis disease of P. salicina were verified after a fertilization experiment. The results indicate that the contents of nitrogen and manganese positively correlate with the occurrence of gummosis. In contrast, the contents of calcium and boron significantly negatively correlate with the occurrence of gummosis. A fertilization experiment facilitated the discovery that the control of nitrogen, as well as the increased application of boron and calcium fertilizers, contributed to the prevention and control on gummosis disease in P. salicina
Improved flood forecasting using geomorphic unit hydrograph based on spatially distributed velocity field
Authors: Wang Wen-chuan , Zhao Yan-wei , Chau Kwok-wing , Xu Dong-mei , Liu Chang-jun
Published: April 2021

This paper presents an energy model for determining the overland flow velocity in order to improve the low accuracy problem in flow concentration simulation. It furnishes a novel idea for studying flow concentration in ungauged basins. The model can be widely applied in analysis of spatial velocity field, extraction of instantaneous geomorphic unit hydrograph and development of distributed hydrological model. A distributed flood-forecasting model is constructed for Lianyuan Basin in Hunan Province of China. In the proposed method, gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy via an analysis of energy distribution of water particles in the basin. Based on the kinetic energy equation, the overland flow velocity simulating the geomorphic unit hydrograph is computed. Rainfall-runoff simulation is then performed by integrating with runoff yield and concentration model. Results indicate that the model based on energy conversion leads to more accurate results. The model has the following advantages: firstly, the spatial distribution of the velocity field is appropriate; secondly, the model has only one parameter, which is easily determined; and finally, flow velocity results can be used for the computation of river network flow concentration.
Psico-pediatria: a Importância do Brincar na Elaboração do Sofrimento da Criança Hospitalizada
Authors: De Moura Duca Santos Raabe Francisca , Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima
Published: April 2021

O brincar é um direito essencial para a saúde emocional da criança, sendo a forma da criança se apresentar no mundo. No enfrentamento do adoecimento o brinquedo se apresenta como um recurso psíquico para minimizar os efeitos de uma hospitalização de longo prazo. Este artigo visa discutir a importância do brincar e da ludicidade na elaboração psíquica de crianças hospitalizadas, no âmbito da internação pediátrica. Uma revisão da literatura especializada no assunto serviu de base para uma reflexão sobre a importância e o papel do lúdico no período de internação infantil. Este recurso contribui para o desenvolvimento infantil, minimizando os impactos exercidos pela situação de internação hospitalar, proporcionando bem-estar tanto físico, quanto psíquico, durante o período de internação, contribuindo com a equipe multidisciplinar para uma melhor qualidade de vida da criança hospitalizada.
The Use of Cinchona Alkaloid Derivatives as Chiral Ligands and Organocatalysts
in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Li Minghua , He Wei , Zhang Sheng-Yong
Published: April 2021

:

Cinchona alkaloids are natural products extracted from cinchona plants, which contain quinine,
quinidine, cinchonine, and cinchonidine. During the past 30 years, due to their attractive structural
properties, these compounds have been used as chiral skeletons and organocatalysts in asymmetric organic
synthesis. In this review, we summarize the applications of cinchona alkaloids derivatives in
asymmetric catalysis recently developed by our group, including oxidation, reduction, and C-C bonds
formation. These studies have solved some of the problems with the various asymmetric reactions discussed,
while also enriching alkaloids chemistry, providing new ideas for the design and synthesis of
chiral catalysts, and providing abundant experimental data for the chiral induction process.
Influence of Inosine on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Space Motion Sickness in Experimental Animals
Authors: Useinova Asie N. , Kaliberdenko Vitalii B. , Sapegin Igor D. , Kulanthaivel Shanmugaraj , Shterenshis Michael V. , Dmitriyevskaya Maria I. , Balasundaram Keerthanaa
Published: April 2021

Background:

Motion sickness occurs worldwide in healthy individuals regardless of age,
ethnicity, or gender. It is an acute disorder; it can also present as a chronic disorder in some individuals.
Motion sickness not only includes vomiting and nausea, but also includes other features such as
pallor of varying degrees, cold sweating, headache, drowsiness, increased salivation, and cranial pain,
which are severe. Some of the other assessment scales can interpret sickness on exposure to virtual or
visual stimulation and while travelling in different types of transport.

Aim:

The aim of our research is to study the effect of the drug on the level of blood flow and vascular
reactivity of cerebral vessels when simulating changes in the cerebral circulation in terrestrial conditions
characteristic of hypogravity.

Methods:

Chronic experiments were performed on non-anesthetized rabbits with large hemispheres,
thalamus and hypothalamus were implanted with the needle-platinum electrodes 150 mm in diameter
in the cortex, and local blood flow and vascular reactivity were recorded accordingly. Cerebrovascular
disturbances were modeled using an MSAOP (motion sickness of animals in the anti-orthostatic position)
with an inclined angle of 45° for 2 hours. Local blood flow (BF) was measured in ml/min/100g
of tissue by the method of registration of hydrogen clearance. The vasodilator coefficient of reactivity
(CrCO2) was calculated by the ratio of BF against the background of inhalation of a mixture of 7%
CO2 with air to the initial BF; vasoconstrictor - in relation to BF on the background of inhalation of
100% O2 to the initial BF (CrO2). A series of experiments were carried out with different routes of
drug administration: First, inosine was administered intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg immediately
before the start of SMS modeling, same dose was administered 30 minutes before the start of exposure.
As a control, we used the results of experimental animals under similar conditions without the
administration of the drugs.

Results:

Inosine has pronounced protective properties in cerebrovascular disorders on the background
of space motion sickness (SMS) modeling, which is manifested by normalization of BF and restoration of
compensatory reactions of cerebral vessels. In the mechanism of cerebroprotective action of inosine, it is
able to correct the metabolic processes, which play an important role and help increase the compensatory
capabilities and functional stability of the cerebrovascular system under gravitational influences.

Conclusion:

When using inosine orally, the effects are more pronounced than when administered intravenously,
which should be taken into account when using it for the prevention of cerebrovascular
disorders in extreme conditions.