bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of a Set of Sexual Stimuli in a Sample of Young Colombian Heterosexual Women
Authors:   Sexlab-kl, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Gómez-Lugo M. , Saavedra-Roa D. ,   Sexlab-kl, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Pérez-Durán C. P. ,   Universitas Miguel Hernandez D’ Elx, Elche, Spain, Marchal-Bertrand J. ,   Sexlab-kl, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Tovar-Peña J. ,   Sexlab-kl, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Vallejo-Medina P. ,   Sexlab-kl, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of this research is to validate a set of sexual stimuli in young heterosexual Colombian women. Present study examined women’s sexual and affective responses to sexual film clips. Design and Method: Six videos of 6:00 minute-long were used. A total of 24 women were assessed. Objective (photoplethysmograph) and subjective (Multidimensional Scale to Assess Subjective Sexual Arousal) sexual arousal were measured. Also the Self-Assessment Manikin, and some socio-psycho-sexual questions were used. Results: The results showed three sexual excerpts which were clearly superior to the others. These three sexual excerpts generated internally consistent measurements; moreover, good indicators of external validity have been observed with statistically significant differences as expected. Conclusions: It has been shown that with healthy young women these three stimuli produce objective sexual arousal.
Why is Breastfeeding in Public Still a Taboo?
Authors:   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Mivsek P. , Jug Dosler A. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Petrocnik P. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Skodic Zaksek T. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Klemencic M. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Gantar M. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Cerar A. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Pavlic V. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Obreza K. ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: November 2020

Objective: The breastfeeding is highly promoted by the health professionals. However in the first months, in order to be successful, woman has to breastfeed as often as the newborn wants. With this the production of milk is assured. If woman does not want to be socially isolated, she has to breastfeed also in public. However this can still be a taboo and young mothers often feel marginalised. The goal of the study was to estimate the tolerance regarding the breastfeeding in public by Slovenians. Design and Method: The quantitative research method was adopted. The research tool was questionnaire. The link of the online survey was sent to some participants, who were asked to distribute the questionnaire (snow ball sample). The questionnaire was composed of close-ended questions with Likert scale in order to gather participants’ attitudes regarding the breastfeeding in public. The online survey was chosen since it provided confidentiality to the respondents. Results: For 3% of participants the breastfeeding in public is not acceptable by any condition. 25% thinks that it is acceptable but only if the breasts are covered. There were distinguishable differences in the answers of women, their partners and other participants. Conclusions: Despite the presumption that our society exceeded the prejudices regarding the breastfeeding in public, the results of the study show that this is still a taboo in the modern society. Probably because the women’s’ breasts are a strong sex symbol. This symbolic level is hardly vanquished, even with the argument of care for the baby.
Which People with Bisexual Experience Identify as Bisexual? Insights from a Population-Representative Sample in Australia
Authors:   University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom, De Visser R. , Richters J. ,   University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, Rissel C. ,   University Of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, Grulich A. ,   University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, Simpson J. ,   University Of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Published: November 2020

Objective: Given ongoing debates about the “reality” and stability of bisexuality, it is important to understand why people with bisexual experiences do or do not identify as bisexual. This paper presents analyses designed to determine which people with bisexual experience identify as bisexual. Design and Method: This paper reports analyses of a population-representative sample of 20,094 Australians aged 16-69 who completed computer-assisted telephone interviews. Results: Overall, 9.4% of the sample reported sexual experiences with male and female partners - i.e., they had bisexual experience. Only 16.1% of these people identified as bisexual, but 74.4% identified as heterosexual. The 1846 people with bisexual experience were more likely to identify as bisexual if they were younger, and did not have a managerial/professional occupation. They were less likely to identify as bisexual if they reported a greater proportion of other-sex partners, and had engaged in more heterosexual behaviors. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of current attraction and recent experiences for sexual identity. They raise the question of whether behaviorally bisexual people are most likely to identify as heterosexual because society is heteronormative.
Reclaiming Our Missing Sexual Selves
Authors:   Imago Relationship International, Reut, Israel, Wahrman Msw O. , Bastaic L. ,   Centar Lj. Bastaic,, Iri, Zagreb
Published: November 2020

Objective: Our goal is to show how the Imago relationship paradigm, relates to couples presenting sexual problems. According to Imago theory, we come into the world whole and complete, with joyful aliveness and potential to grow. To thrive we need messages that support our full potential. Our energy needs to be able to flow freely through all areas of ourfunctioning: being, thinking, feeling, doing and sensing. In response to repressive messages of socialization, we become anxious about expressing parts of ourselves, which limits or overdevelops our capacity to function in some areas. These parts we’ve had to let go off, are freezed inside of us. Eventually, we will fall in love with someone who has our frozen parts alive and kicking, which makes them so very attractive. Design and Method: We’ll examine the messages we’ve received overtly and covertly, about sexuality, from our families and our culture, and begin to understand how they impact our sexual selves and sexual expression. Everything will be done dialogically according to the Imago structure Results: We will discuss and let the participants understand and experience why we are attracted to “such someone” and what happens when we take off our pink glasses. Conclusions: We shall look at the negative messages that lead to anxiety about our acceptability, and see how we get access to our lost sexual parts at the beginning of the relationship, how we lose them again during the course of the relationship, and what do we have to do in order to get them back again.
Disgust Sensitivity, Sexual Beliefs and Orientation to Social Domination in Female BDSM And Non-BDSM Practitioners
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar, Jaksic K. , Nekic M. ,   Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar
Published: November 2020

Objective: Individual differences between BDSM practitioners and non-practitioners are mostly operationalized through the Big Five or clinical personality models. We take different approach and explore other, theoretically relevant, constructs: disgust sensitivity, sexual beliefs, and orientation to social domination. Assumptions for the research we find in the work of McCarey (1973, Moser, 1999), who suggests that BDSM engagement is associated with sexual disgust sensitivity, and in the work of Jozifkova et al. (2012), who theorize that rank disparity between partners is related to sexual excitement.
KH-204 Protects Oxdidative Stress-Induced Testicular Apoptosis by Erk and Akt Pathways
Authors:   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Bae W. , Choi J. B. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Kim k. s. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Kim S. J. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Cho H. J. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Ha U. S. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Lee J. Y. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Hong S. H. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Kim S. W. ,   Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
Published: November 2020

Objective: Korean herbal formulation, Ojayeonjonghwan is used to treat lateonset hypogonadism (LOH) symptoms including erectile dysfunction (ED). Previous study demonstrated that the modified Ojayeonjonghwan (KH-204) can be developed as a therapeutic alternative medicine to improve ED. We examined the pharmacological effects of KH-204 in vitro and in a LHRH agonist-induced LOH rat model. Design and Method: TM3 Leydig cell viability was measured based on oxidative stress according to the treatment. We investigated either distilled water (shamoperated) or leuprorelin 0.5mg/kg, which was subcutaneously administered once to the back of rats. Male rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 in each): a normalcontrol group, an androgen-deprived control group and two androgen-deprived groups treated p.o. with either 200 or 400 mg/kg, KH-204 for 4 weeks. The testes and epididymides from rats in all groups were removed, weighed and subjected to histological examination after treatment. Results: KH-204 protected TM3 cells from oxidative stress via activation of ERK and Akt pathways. The level of testosterone and activation of spermatogenesis in androgen-deprived or aging male rats were significantly enhanced, and germ cell apoptosis was reduced after treatment. Conclusions: These results suggested that KH-204 may alleviate the oxidative 0stress via ERK and Akt pathways, and it may contribute to the improvement of serum testosterone levels
The Sexuality of Male Patients with Affective Disorders - Demographic and Clinical Features
Authors:   Department of Sexology, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland, Kowalczyk R. , Krystyan T. ,   Department of Sexology, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland, Dudek D. ,   Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland, Krzystanek M. ,   Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Lew-Starowicz M. ,   Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland, Merk W. ,   Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Waszynska K. ,   Department Of Health Promotion and Psychotherapy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, Daren A. ,   Department of Sexology, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland
Published: November 2020

Objective: Aim: The aim of this study was to explore sexuality (frequency and willingness to initiate sexual contact, opinions on sexual life and possible sexual dysfunctions) among Polish male patients treated in psychiatric clinics with a diagnosis of affective disorder. Design and Method: Method: 62 men aged 23-61 years with diagnosed affective disorder according to ICD-10 criteria were included. Participants were asked to complete the Kratochvil Sexual Function of Man (SFM/K) Questionnaire and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Obtained data was complemented by socio-medical history, including type of affective disorder, duration of the disease, drug abuse, and somatic comorbidities. Results: Results: 52% of participants were diagnosed with bipolar disorder, the second most common diagnosis was recurrent depressive disorder. Bipolar men reported more often sexual contacts, more frequently had a good feeling after sexual intercourse. 61% of respondents reported at least one sexual dysfunction. Most common psychological factor was fear of failing as sexual partner. Statistically significant influences on the average SFM/K total score were: age at the onset of illness, duration of affective disorders and its treatment, number of hospitalizations. Conclusions: Averaged total score of SFM/K, for all examined men was found to range moderate results. Recurrent depression seem to be more strongly correlated with lower scores, so global as well as within each response, rather than affective phase in bipolar disorder. Greater differentiation relates to “duration of intercourse” and “problems with premature ejaculation”.
Penile Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction: Personal Experience
Authors:   Department of Surgery Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Letizia P. , Alei G. ,   Department of Surgery Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Rossi A. ,   Department of Surgery Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, De Marco F. ,   Urology Unit, Grottaferrata, Italy
Published: November 2020

Objective: Penile extracorporeal low-intensity shock wave therapy (LIST) to the penis has recently emerged as a novel and promising modality in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. LIST can improve penile blood flow and endothelial function by stimulating angiogenesis in the penis. Design and Method: We applied LIST to patients with mild to moderate vasculogenic ED who responded well to the use of PDE5i. The treatment protocol consisted of one treatment sessions per week for 6 weeks, a 6 -week no-treatment interval. Each session comprised the application of 3000 shock waves (energy intensity of 4 mJ/mm3) to each penile shaft and 1000 shock waves for each crura. Results: The results showed that 6 weeks after treatment, erectile function improved in the 85% of the cases, good result was achieved in 10% and no results in 5% of the patients. The average increase in the IIEF-EF domain score was 8.8 points. Furthermore, erectile function and penile blood flow were measured using nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) and color-power Doppler of the penis. All NPT parameters improved as recorded by significant increases in the duration of the erections and penile rigidity. Conclusions: The treatment options for ED have greatly expanded and include PDE5i, intracavernosal injections, and penile prostheses. Our experience presented here demonstrate that LIST of the corpora cavernosa is a novel therapeutic option for ED. LIST may have a fundamental effect on penile endothelial function, increasing penile blood flow, and improving erectile function and consequently sexual satisfaction.
Friends with Benefits Relationships in Young Norwegian Adults
Authors:   University of Oslo, Department of Psychology, Oslo, Norway, Schaller S. , Træen B. ,   University of Oslo, Department of Psychology, Oslo, Norway, Kvalem I. L. ,   University of Oslo, Department of Psychology, Oslo, Norway
Published: November 2020

Objective: To explore Norwegian young adults’ experiences with friends with benefits (FWB) relationships. Design and Method: In 2013, a questionnaire survey was sent online by the poll organization Ipsos MMI to a representative national web sample of 2,090 persons aged 18–29 years of which 27.2 % responded (n = 568). Results: A majority of the respondents (53.5%), and more women than men (58.2% versus 46.6%, p = 0.010), reported to have been involved in a FWB relationship. Parallel sexual relations to the FWB relationship was reported by 51.9% of the sample. A total of 27.5% claimed they had had extradyadic sex with a casual partner once, 16.4% had had sex several times with casual partners, and 8.0% claimed they had had sex with a parallel FWB partner. In regard to experiences they had had with their current or most recent FWB partner, the most commonly reported interaction activities were to have touched each other sexually (99.2%), vaginal intercourse (96.5%), kissing (95.0%), talked together about something meaningful (87.0%), oral sex (86.7%), and mutual masturbation (73.7%). More men than women reported experience of mutual masturbation (85.7% versus 67.1%, p < 0.001) and anal intercourse (25.9% versus 14.9%, p < 0.05), and more women than men reported to have had vaginal intercourse (98.2% versus 93.3%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The perception of intimacy with the current or most recent FWB partner was relatively high, and few negative feelings were reported by the participants.
BIOREMEDIATION OF CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL BY HYDROCARBON DEGRADING BACTERIA
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India. 491001., Sahu Motiram , Kumar Dinesh ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India. 491001., Kumar Somendra ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India. 491001., Kumar Anil ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India. 491001.
Published: November 2020

Proficiency of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria useful for eradicating soil pollution stimulated by seepage of petroleum and their derivative substances, therefore, sequestered different bacterial isolates were bear significant merits for utilizing hydrocarbons as an uncommon source of their growth and development. A colorimetric assay was performed at 595 nm wavelength which was subjected to the mineral salt broth with 1% oil (petrol, diesel, and burned out engine oil). This broth having minimum nutrients used by inoculated bacteria in which some isolates were adopted for taking a sufficient amount of either petrol, diesel, or burned-out engine oil as carbon source hence increases its turbidity that was measured in two days time interval up to twelve days of observation. We found that selected isolates were able to degrade burned out engine oil efficiently in contrast to petrol and diesel. At optical density 0.21± 0.13, 0.19±0.08, 0.18±0.09, 0.17±0.12 the result showed by isolatesBI-7, BI-2, BI-4, BI-6goodcompetency to degrade burned out engine oil. On the other hand, maximum diesel and petrol utilized by BI-2 & BI-1 isolate at O.D. 0.09±0.02, 0.05±0.02 was recorded. Most of the bacterial isolates resulted in a positive biochemical test. BI-1 & BI-7 resulted in positive starch hydrolysis test, whereas, all isolates resulted in positive urease test, simultaneously negative results for all isolates obtained when catalase and antibiotic sensitivity test against streptomycin were performed.
PHARMACOLOGICAL AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India., Kumar Somendra , Kumar Dinesh ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India., Sahu Motiram ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India., Kumar Anil ,   Department of Biotechnology, Govt. V.Y.T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India.
Published: November 2020

Gymnemasylvestrecommonly knownGurmar orsugar destroyer, belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae, is a slow-growing,woody climberdistributed throughout India, traditionally used in Ayurvedic system of medicine forthe treatment of several diseases such diabetes, jaundice,urinary complaints, chronic cough, stomach problems, breathing troubles, malaria and snakebites. The present work was planned to investigate phytochemical profiling and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles usingGymnemasylvestre.The phytochemical assessment of stem and leaf extracts of Gymnemasylvestre revealed the presence of important phytocompounds such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides,flavonoids, phenols, proteins, saponins,steroids,tannins and terpenoids.Saponin was found in all the sample extract.Aqueous stem extractof Gymnemasylvestrewas utilized for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectrophotometric studyexhibited absorbance peak at 419 nm that measures the reduction ofsilver nitrate tosilver nanoparticles based on optical properties called surface plasmon resonance. FT-IR study of silver nanoparticles showed the presence of specific molecular functional groups such as alkenes, amines, amides, alcohols, phenols, aromatic and halo compounds that acts as capping and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.XRD pattern analysis suggested that the crystalline nature of silver ions and crystalline size of silver nanoparticles of39.5 nm by Scherrers formula. The presence of this phytoconstituent suggested vital medicinal featuresof theplant and their importancein synthesizing and stabilizing silver nanoparticles.
BANARAS: A PARALLEL SPACE OF THE COSMIC UNIVERSE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Associate Professor in Fashion Communication Department at National Institute of Fashion Technology, Patna, India., Vikas Kumar
Published: November 2020

From its prominent position on the river Ganges , Banaras has borne testimony to a flourishing civilization and the many socio-political turmoil associated with a thriving territory from the ancient kingdoms of Aryans with its mention in Ramayana to the combats of medieval rulers of Mauryan and Gupta dynasty and the never ceasing instability during the dominance of Muslim and British regime.[1] The historical unrest has vanished and the city with its inhabitants of “grin-and-bear-it” attitude endured every phase of this turmoil and adapted to it and commemorated every such change in their stories and culture. Every paradigm shift gave Banaras its own unique Art and Culture which it (Banaras) has assimilated and made it its very own signature be it Food, Fabric, Jewellery, Lifestyle, Mode of communication, Weapons, Architecture, Mythology, Tales, Culture, Cult , Art and much more The citys divine image , its elaborate traditional rituals , its prodigious display of the hand-in-hand existence of art and the mundane activities of life. All give it a peculiar feel, though the city has tried to keep pace with time, it has modernized or commercialised but what has stayed with time is what satiates the quench of a mystic or an explorer of Art and Culture . This write up here is an attempt to bring to words the connection between what the oldest civilizations or cults have left to enrich the Art & culture or other-way-round , how by exploring the existing we are able to get a glimpse into the glorious past that has passed and enriched India .This manuscript is a study and construal of Varanasi from the perspective of one who is close enough to the hindu tradition to see its religious significance and also close enough to art , design and academics to know the understanding that Arts and Varanasi might pose. The journey towards the finalization of this script started with mapping the city and searching for the temples mentioned in various texts and my work is based on two primary sources : the city itself with its multitude of temples , its seasons of pilgrimage , the Akharas , voluminous literature on Banaras and its pandas and lay interpreters.
ROLE OF PNEUMONIA SEVERITY INDEX AND CURB-65 SCORE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION OF COPD WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR DURATION OF HOSPITAL STAY
Authors:   Junior Consultant, Department of Emergency Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Kumar Singh Pankaj , Bhatnagar Mohit ,   Junior Consultant, Department of General Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Nimba Deore Sandeep ,   Junior Consultant, Department of General Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Joshi Mandeep ,   Senior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Ahmed Tausif ,   Junior Consultant, Department of General Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Bhowmick Subhrojyoti ,   Clinical Director of Department of Quality and Research, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India., Verma Shreya ,   DNB General Medicine Trainee, Peerless Hospital and B.K. Roy Research Center, Kolkata, India.
Published: November 2020

Aim and Objective: To investigate the role of Pneumonia Severity Index and CURB-65 score in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD with reference to Duration of hospital stay. Methods:In our study a total of 100 patients of COPD with acute exacerbation were included in the study from the tertiary care Centre, Kolkata for a period of 12 months from December 2015 to November 2016. Results: The relationship between Respiratory rate, Arterial pH, Urea and BUN levels, Blood glucose, Hematocrit level, pO2 as well as PSI and CURB-65 score in reference with duration of hospital was found to be significant. Our study revealed that PSI and CURB-65 score have good predictive capacity for in hospital deaths as well as duration of hospital stay. Conclusion: PSI and CURB -65 can predict the duration of hospital stay, with a good prognostic capacity. The role of PSI and CURB-65 in defining duration of hospital stay needs to be assessed by further studies on larger samples using Indian data for reference value. The present study is a stimulus to future research on role of PSI, CURB-65 as well as comorbidities in defining the outcome of acute exacerbations in COPD, one of the most dreaded respiratory diseases.
A SIMPLE GREEN REDUCTION STRATEGY TO SUBSTITUTE CADMIUM IN ANALYTICAL REDUCTION OF NITRATE IN GRIESS–ILOSVAY METHOD
Authors: Matias Alexsandro , Oliveira André , Neves Antônio , Queiroz Maria Eliana Lopes Ribeiro de
Published: November 2020

Nitrate is an abundant ion that is present in many industrialized products and the environment. Various analytical methods have been described using the Griess-Ilosvay reagent for the determination of nitrate in different matrices after its reduction to nitrite, in most cases with metallic cadmium as the reducer. This work proposes a new method using aluminum spheres coated with a copper film for this reduction. To optimize the method, it was important to evaluate the conditions for the deposition of the copper film on the aluminum spheres, using a Doehlert matrix. The optimized method provided an analytical range from 2.0 to 100 μmol L-1, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9996 and a standard deviation of residuals (sres) of 7.59 x 10-4. The Limits of Detection and Quantification were 0.59 and 2.0 µmol L-1 respectively. The method was applied using mineral water samples and was shown to provide repeatability less than 6.98% and accuracy obtained through recovery essays between 81.1 and 104.6% for the determination of nitrate in this type of sample.
Teori Makna dalam Struktur Linguistik Arab Perspektif Mufasir Masa Klasik
Authors: Atabik Ahmad
Published: November 2020

This article aims to examine the theory of meaning in the structure of Arabic linguistics that is studied by classical era commentators.  In the classical era, the study that became a concentration of the study of al-Qur'an is the understanding of the meaning of the Qur'an with an Arabic linguistic approach.  To get the ideal meaning from the verses of the Koran they pay attention to i’rab (Arabic grammar). They are concerned in the field of language criticism through grammatical, stylistic, and semantic approaches.  Theories of meaning in classical times are supported by various works of classical Arabic linguists entitled Ma‘ānī al-Qur’ān, al-Farrā ’, al-Kisā’ī, al-Zajjāj, and al-Naḥḥās. These works are very significant in the development of the theorization of meaning from the point of view of the structure of the building (grammatical language). The theory of meaning is also supported by the study of stylistics (language style /uslūb).  The study of the stylistic al-Qur'an in the theory of meaning is strengthened by al-Jā hiz and al-Jurjānī in their respective works.  The final meaning theory can be found in the Qur'anic semantic studies. This study is considered as an ideal method in exposing the meaning of the Qur'anic language. Semantic studies of al-Qur'an are supported by the theory of al-wujūh wa al-naẓāir and siyāq (the context of the meaning of language). The study of the Wujūh and Naẓāir is a method of understanding the message of meaning which is possessed by the verses of the Qur'an, once studied by Ibn al-Jauzī. While siyāq is an indicator used in determining the meaning desired by mutakallim, it has been studied by Ibn Daqīq al-‘Id.
Formula for determining the size of the air tank in the long-distance water supply system
Authors: Chen Xuyun , Zhang Jian , Li Nan , Yu Xiaodong , Chen Sheng , Shi Lin
Published: November 2020

In the long-distance water supply system, the air tank can effectively protect the water hammer when the pump stops, and the shape parameters of the air tank determine the protective effect. Based on the theory of rigid water body and harmonic vibration, this paper derived the calculation formulas for the surge and bottom pressure changing process of the air tank in the system with and without friction and impedance and put forward the theoretical method to estimate the air tank volume and established the relationship between the operating parameters and the volume. Combined with the actual water supply project, under different working conditions, the theoretical calculation results and numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the theoretical calculation results of the system with friction and impedance had a better fitting performance than the numerical simulation results, and the operating parameters of the air tank derived after considering the influence of friction and impedance were accurate. This method can simplify the selection process of air tank body parameters. At the same time, the shape optimization of the air tank considering friction and impedance can be improved by 40–50% compared with the results of ignoring friction and impedance.
Minimization of greenhouse gas emissions from extended aeration activated sludge process
Authors: Yapıcıoğlu Pelin
Published: November 2020

One of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission resources is industrial wastewater treatment plants. In this study, on-site and off-site greenhouse gas emissions of an extended aeration activated sludge process in a meat processing wastewater treatment plant were estimated using a new developed approach based on the IPCC method. On-site emissions were regarded as the emissions related to the biochemical treatment process and microbial activity in the wastewater. On-site emissions were estimated from organic materials removal from wastewater and microbial mass activity. Biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were considered as pollutant resources of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), respectively. Off-site emission was estimated from electricity consumption, chemical use and the sludge stabilization process. This paper aimed to determine and reduce on-site and off-site emissions for the extended aeration process in an industrial wastewater treatment plant. Modification of operating conditions was applied to reduce GHG emissions. The results revealed that electricity consumption was the major source of the greenhouse gas emissions for this process with a value of 6,002.77 kg CO2e/d. The minimization of total GHG emissions reached up to 17.1% by modifying the treatment process conditions.
Novel and Practical Approaches to Manage Diet-induced Metabolic Disorders: Part-I
Authors: Korivi Mallikarjuna , Liu Betty Revon
Published: November 2020

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is caused by poor dietary habits and sedentary behavior is a serious global health problem.
MetS is a cluster of risk factors, represented by central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In the 21st century, MetS and
associated comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, are the major threats to human health. Practical dietary
strategies, nutritional bioactive compounds and a healthy lifestyle are claimed to be efficient in the management of one or more components
of MetS. Nevertheless successful management of MetS and commodities is still a major concern. Since hyperglycemia, inflammation and
redox imbalance are intrinsically involved in the progression of MetS comorbidities, finding effective strategies that precisely target these
systems is highly warranted. In this scenario, pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches with or without dietary patterns, phytochemicals
or exercise interventions are the practical strategies to combat MetS and associated diseases. However, designing and prescribing
of optimal nutritional patterns and exercise regimens remains a big challenge to achieve the maximum beneficial effects. This thematic issue
addressed the concerns and provided practical strategies to overcome the malady of MetS in the modern world.
In-silico Analysis of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) of Livestock, Pet and Poultry Animals to Determine its Susceptibility to SARS–CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Kumar Aman , Panwar Anil , Batra Kanisht , De Sachinandan , Maan Sushila
Published: November 2020

Background:

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19
pandemic. It was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and despite the tremendous
efforts to control the disease, it has now spread almost all over the world. The interaction of SARSCoV-
2spike protein and its acceptor protein ACE2 is an important issue in determining viral host
range and cross-species infection, while the binding capacity of spike protein to ACE2 of different
species is unknown.

Objective:

The present study has been conducted to determine the susceptibility of livestock, poultry and pets to SARSCoV-2.

Methods:

We evaluated the receptor-utilizing capability of ACE2s from various species by
sequence alignment, phylogenetic clustering and protein-ligand interaction studies with the
currently known ACE2s utilized by SARS-CoV-2.

Result:

In-silico study predicted that SARS-CoV-2 tends to utilize ACE2s of various animal
species with varied possible interactions. The probability of the receptor utilization will be greater
in horse and poor in chicken, followed by ruminants.

Conclusion:

Present study predicted that SARS-CoV-2 tends to utilize ACE2s of various livestock
and poultry species with greater probability in equine and poor in chicken. The study may provide
important insights into the animal models for SARS-CoV-2 and animal management for COVID-
19 control.
Identification of an MiRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Cui Ming-fu , Wu Yuan-yu , Chen Ming-yan , Zhao Yang , Han Song-yun , Wang Rui-jie , Zhang Haiyan , Fang Xue-dong
Published: November 2020

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most prevalent cancer in the world.
However, the molecular mechanism underlying CRC is largely unknown.

Objective:

To explore the pathogenic mechanism of CRC and to facilitate better diagnosis and
treatment of this disease.

Methods:

Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) in CRC vs. Control
samples from the miRNA expression data in GSE115513 and the miRNA and mRNA expression
data in the TCGA-COAD dataset were screened, followed by the construction of the miRNAmRNA
regulatory network. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein
interaction (PPI) analysis, and survival analysis were then performed for these DEGs and DEMs.

Results:

We identified 64 DEMs from the GSE115513 dataset and 265 DEMs and 2218 DEGs
from the TCGA-COAD dataset. miR-27a-3p was a hub DEM with the highest degree in the
miRNA-mRNA network, while GRIN2B and PCDH10 were hub DEGs targeted by multiple
miRNAs, including miR-27a-3p. SNAP25 and GRIN2B were also hub DEGs with the highest
degree of interactions in the PPI network. These DEMs and DEGs were significantly enriched in
multiple KEGG pathways, including proteoglycans expression and cAMP signaling pathway in
cancer. Finally, seven DEGs, including FJX1 Dsc2, and hsa-miR-375, were revealed to be
correlated with CRC prognosis.

Conclusions:

Aberrant expressions of genes and miRNAs were involved in the pathogenesis of
CRC, probably by regulating proteoglycans expression and cAMP signaling. miR-27a-3p,
PCDH10, GRIN2B, FJX1, Dsc2, and hsa-miR-375 were identified as potential targets for
understanding the pathogenic mechanism of CRC. In addition, FJX1, Dsc2 and hsa-miR-375 were
identified as potential predictive markers for CRC prognosis.
Withdrawal Notice: Synergistic Effect of Myricetin and Phenolic Acid Derivatives on the Reversal of Dengue Fever Related Thrombocytopenia and its Pharmacokinetics study in Plasma by using HPLC and UPLC-Q-TOF
Authors: Anjum Varisha , Ali Faraat , Joshi Sweta , Anjum Areefa , Ali Asad
Published: November 2020

As per the request of the authors and editor of the journal Current Drug Metabolism, the article has been withdrawn due to issues related to authorship.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
A Comprehensive Review on Microbubble Concept, Development and Its Application in Therapeutic Drug Delivery and Clinical Management of Disease
Authors: Rathor Sandeep , Aamir Sheikh , Bhatt Dinesh C. , Kumar Krishan , Kumar Vikash
Published: November 2020

Background:

The general purpose of this review was to briefly describe the Gastro-Retentive
Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) and to primarily focus on mechanisms of flotation for gastric retention.

Methods:

The principle mechanism of Floating Drug Delivery Systems (FDDS) is mainly based on
hydro-dynamically controlled low-density system, which gets swollen when comes in contact with the
gastric environment and remains buoyant for an extended period of time with improved bioavailability
and therapeutic efficacy. The main perspective of this review was to focus on microbubble drug delivery
due to its wide range of applications.

Results:

Microbubble is a new, economically viable, and non-invasive technique that is alternative to
conventional techniques. The size of microbubbles ranges from 1-100 micrometers, which contain oxygen
or air and remain suspended for prolonged drug release. Due to its great potential, microbubble is
used in the therapeutic delivery of drug molecules or genetic material at their specific targeted site in
various diseases. The recent research also suggests that ultrasound-mediated microbubble is more frequently
used in the biomedical field for imaging of site-specific molecule targeting for the detection of
disease and site-specific drug delivery.

Conclusion:

Gastro-retentive floating drug delivery system was considered as the most favorable approach
for site-specific drug delivery. But nowadays, microbubble is gaining more popularity for its
potential applications in the biomedical field. In recent years, there is much progress in microbubble
for site-specific delivery of a drug or genetic material. Recent research also suggests that the ultrasound-
mediated microbubble has shown a positive impact on the diagnosis and clinical management of
various diseases such as liver cirrhosis, brain tumor, ocular, and urinary tract infection.
Immunoinformatic Approach for the Identification of Potential Epitopes Against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A Global Opportunistic Pathogen
Authors: Basker Pragathi Ravilla , Sugumar Shobana
Published: November 2020

Background:

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, non-fermentative, gram negative,
multidrug resistant and opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. It is associated with high morbidity
and mortality in severely immunocompromised paediatric patients, including neonates. Immunoinformatic
analysis paved a new way to design epitope-based vaccines which resulted in a potential
immunogen with advantages such as lower cost, specific immunity, ease of production, devoid
of side effects, and less time consumption than conventional vaccines. Till date, there is no development
in the vaccines or antibody-based treatments for S. maltophilia-associated infections.

Introduction:

Currently, epitope-based peptide vaccines against pathogenic bacteria have grasped
more attention. In our present study, we have utilized various immunoinformatic tools to find a
prominent epitope that interacts with the maximum number of HLA alleles and also with the maximum
population coverage for developing a vaccine against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

Methods:

This study has incorporated an immunoinformatic based screening approach to explore
potential epitope-based vaccine candidates in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia proteome. In this
study, 4365 proteins of the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia K279a proteome were screened to identify
potential antigens that could be used as a good candidate for the vaccine. Various immunoinformatic
tools were used to predict the binding of the promiscuous epitopes with Major Histocompatibility
Complex (MHC) class I molecules. Other properties such as allergenicity, physiochemical
properties, adhesion properties, antigenicity, population coverage, epitope conservancy
and toxicity were analysed for the predicted epitope.

Results:

This study helps in finding the prominent epitope in Stenotrophomonas infections. Hence,
the main objective in this research was to screen complete Stenotrophomonas maltophilia proteome
to recognize putative epitope candidates for vaccine design. Using computational vaccinology and
immunoinformatic tools approach, several aspects are obligatory to be fulfilled by an epitope to be
considered as a vaccine candidate. Our findings were promising and showed that the predicted epitopes
were non-allergenic and fulfilled other parameters required for being a suitable candidate
based on certain physio-chemical, antigenic and adhesion properties.

Conclusion:

The epitopes LLFVLCWPL and KSGEGKCGA have shown the highest binding score
of −103 and −78.1 kcal/mol with HLA-A*0201 and HLA-B*0702 MHC class I allele, respectively.
They were also predicted to be immunogenic and non-allergenic. Further various immunological tests,
both in vivo and in vitro methods, should be performed for finding the efficiency of the predicted
epitope in the development of a targeted vaccine against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection.
Chitosan: A Promising Protective Component Against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus
Authors: Rahbar Mohammad Reza , Gouvarchin Galeh Hadi Esmaeili , Khalili Saeed , Jahangiri Abolfazl
Published: November 2020

The recent pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 has caught
the international community by surprise. There is still no effective vaccine or treatment option
against this virus. In this perspective, we discussed the potential protective and therapeutic effects
of chitosan, as an FDA-approved biomolecule, against COVID-19 and influenza viruses.
Computational Methods Dedicated to Neurological Disorder Detection through Epistasis Analysis: A Review
Authors: Priya Sridharan , Manavalan Radhakrishnan
Published: November 2020

Neurological disorders, such as ALS, Alzheimer’s, epilepsy, Parkinson’s Disease, Autism,
Atrial Fibrillation, and Sclerosis, affect the central nervous system, including the brain, nerves,
spinal cords, muscles, and Neuromuscular joint. These disorders are investigated by detecting the
genetic variations in Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Genome-Wide Association Studies
(GWAS). In the human genome sequence, one SNP influences the effects of another SNP. These
SNP-SNP interactions or Gene-Gene interaction (Epistasis) significantly increase the risk of disease
susceptibility to neurological disorders.

The manual analyses of various genetic interactions related to neurological diseases are cumbersome.
Hence, the computational system is effective for the discovery of Epistasis effects in neurological
syndromes. This study aims to explore various techniques of statistical, machine learning,
optimization so far applied to find the epistasis effect for neurological disorders.

This study finds several genetic interaction models involving different loci, various candidate genes,
and SNP interactions involved in numerous neurological diseases. The gene APOE and its polymorphism
increase Alzheimer's disease pathology. The gene GAB2 and its SNPs play a vital role in
Alzheimer’s disease. The genes GABRA4, ITGB3, and SLC64A highly influence the genetic interactions
for Autism disorder. In schizophrenia, the SNPs of NRG1 increase the disease risk. The
benefits, limitations, and issues of the various computational techniques implemented for epistasis
evaluation of neurological disease are deeply discussed.
Exploring the Abnormal Signal Transduction Mediated Internet Addiction and Gaming Disorders
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Chauhan Bhumika
Published: November 2020

The world is connected by the internet. It is very useful because we use Google to find out
any new topic, to search for new places, to quest updated research, and to get knowledge for learning.
People around the world can communicate with each other through the Google video conference
talk. Internet is frequently used in smartphones, laptops, desktops, and tablets. Excessive affinity towards
internet-based online data collection, downloading pictures, videos, cyber relationships, and
social media may produce addiction disorders followed by different symptoms such as behavior
change, mind disturbance, depression, anxiety, loss of appetite hyperactivity, sleeping disorder,
headache, visual fatigue, trafficking of memory, attention-deficit, loss of efficiency in work and social
detachment which may be caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters. This is very difficult to
control because of abnormal signal transduction in the brain. The present study is an attempt to discuss
internet addiction disorder (IAD), internet gaming disorder (IGD), and give awareness to society
to get rid of this addiction.