bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commercial Utilization of Microbial Polysaccharides: A Brief Global Perspective
Authors: E Chaudhary
Published: April 2024

Microbial polysaccharides are the water soluble renewable biopolymers which comprise a variety of polysaccharides produced by bacteria, fungi and yeast. These microbial polysaccharides have unusual molecular structure and peculiar conformations rendering them with unique and potentially interesting properties. In recent years, demand of natural polymers for various industrial applications has led to an increased attention towards production of microbial polysaccharides. Since the microbial origin polysaccharides have properties identical to the currently used gums they have been widely used as an alternative in various food, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical industries as emulsifiers, binders, gelling agents and suspending agents. There has been an increase in the adoption of microbially sourced polysaccharides and this surge in demand has resulted in the manufacturers to now focus on enhancing their production capacity. The current review deals with the worldwide commercial utilization of the microbial polysaccharides and their present status in the polysaccharide market.
Analysis of Quantum Dot Uses for Drug Delivery: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Ghazi Haddou EL
Published: April 2024

A brief description of quantum dots (QD), which are remarkable Nanomaterials with substantial consequences for cutting-edge technology and science, is provided through this paper. The notion of quantum dots is used for their peculiar characteristics and operation, which originate from quantum phenomena inside these remarkable spherical crystals. Moreover, this paper also showcases some of the most widely used QD-based applications in biology, such as QD-based laser and drug delivery, highlighting their adaptability and potential impacts in several domains.
A Brief Overview of the Morphological Characteristics of Cain2s4- based Photocatalysts and Their Influence on Boosting the Photocatalytic Behavior
Authors: Jabbar Zaid H
Published: April 2024

CaIn2S4-based heterojunctions have gained significant attention as robust photocatalysts for sustainable environmental applications like organic degradation and H2 production. This study introduces a brief overview of the morphological characteristics of CaIn2S4-based composites and their effects on their catalytic properties. The fabrication of CaIn2S4- based photocatalysts with hierarchical or nanosheet heterostructures could offer an adequate surface area to volume ratio, enhancing the accessibility of pollutants to the catalyst surface and boosting the photodegradation performance. Moreover, the increased active sites reflect positive effects on the visible-light absorption efficiency. The perfect interfacial contact in the CaIn2S4-based composites facilitated the photocarrier transfer, hampered their reunion rate, prolonged their lifetime, and improved their utilization. The morphological durability and stability of CaIn2S4-based composites are also important variables influencing the photoreaction capacity. Finally, the optimization of surface states and morphological defects can modify the electronic structure of CaIn2S4-based semiconductors, improving their optical properties.
The Existence of Sekapur Sirih Dance in Sungai Pinang Village, Hulu Kuantan Sub-District, Kuantan Singingi District
Authors: Hayatun Ridha  , Desfiarni
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe the existence of Sekapur Sirih Dance in Sungai Pinang Village, Hulu Kuantan District, Kuantan Singingi Regency. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data collection techniques are done by means of literature study, observation, interviews and documentation. The steps of analysing data are data reduction and data display. The results showed that the existence of Sekapur Sirih Dance in Sungai Pinang Village experienced ups and downs in its activity in 2004 and also the years after that caused by the lack of funding from Sungai Pinang Village and local government to carry out the Pacu Jalur Culture, therefore the Pacu Jalur Culture was transferred to a district closer to Hulu Kuantan District, namely Kuantan Mudik District. And also caused by the entry of the times and new technology. In 2014 Sekapur Sirih Dance revived because it was asked by the Head of Sungai Pinang Village to perform at the opening of the Pacu Jalur Culture. Factors that influence the ebb and flow of Sekapur Sirih Dance are due to the lack of funding available and also due to the entry of the times and IPTEK. The effort to see the existence of Sekapur Sirih Dance in Sungai Pinang Village aims to inform the community that the ups and downs of Sekapur Sirih Dance occur due to several things. So that from what has happened the community can change their mindset to jointly revive and preserve Sekapur Sirih Dance as a Tradition Dance in Sungai Pinang Village.
Analysis of Pasombahan Kreasi Dance Movements in Bangkinang Sub-District Kampar Regency City, Riau Province
Authors: Laras Tri Andini  , Darmawati
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to find and describe the Pasombahan Kreasi Dance Motion Analysis in Bangkinang Kota District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. This type of research is qualitative, using descriptive methods. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery, flash discs, and mobile phones. Data collection techniques are done through literature study, observation, interviews, and documentation. The steps in analyzing data include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the movements in Pasombahan Dance consisted of four names for various movements, namely sombah, punte tali bowuok, klenjek, and sendeng. But in each part of the movement, there are several more parts with a total of 17 motion motifs, but with different counts. Pasombahan dance analysis is seen from the perspectives of space, time, and energy. The element of space in each Pasombahan dance uses a dominant straight line and a right diagonal line. The dominant volume in Pasombahan Dance is medium and small, facing towards the front and towards the front right diagonal. The level contained in the Pasombahan Dance is medium and high in each motion motif, with the focus of the head towards the front and towards the hand movements. The time aspect of this Pasombahan dance has a slow tempo in the sombah movement, while the rest uses a fast tempo. As for the energy element, the ending increases the intensity.
The Role of Institutional Ownership as A Moderating Variable in Determining Disclosure of Tax Avoidance (Mining Sector Companies 2018-2022)
Authors: Fatimah Nurul , Nurdin Fajar
Published: April 2024

The research objective is to determine how profitability, capital intensity, company size, and tax avoidance are influenced by institutional ownership. Sample for this research is 34 mining companies registered between 2018 and 2022 on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Random effect model (REM) is the test model chosen, and panel regression data is tested using the Eviews12 program. The results of the profitability research have a significant positive result on tax avoidance. Capital intensity has no effect on tax avoidance. Meanwhile, business size has a significant effect on tax avoidance in a negative direction. Institutional ownership is unable to moderate profitability and capital intensity to prevent tax avoidance. However, institutional ownership is able to moderate company size on tax avoidance practices.
Management Behavior of Online Users: Testing the Role of Financial Literacy as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Shofy Dhiyausy Syamsi Ash , Kholilah Kholilah
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted to examine the Influence of Pocket Money, Financial Self-Efficacy, Self-Control, and Religiosity on the Financial Management Behavior of Online Loan Users with Financial Literacy as a Moderation Variable. Criteria for sample selection in this study include students who are currently or have taken financial management courses at the Faculty of Economics at Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Data collection techniques used a questionnaire. The total sample used in this study was 106 respondents using the non-probability sampling method, namely purposive sampling. This research used a quantitative analysis approach using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that pocket money, self-control, and religiosity affect financial management behavior. Beside it, financial self-efficacy does not affect financial management behavior. Financial literacy does not moderate the influence of pocket money, financial self-efficacy self-control, and religiosity on financial management behavior.
Methane Emission Measurements Along Underground Galleries of Coal Mine
Authors: Ostrogórski Piotr , Skotniczny Przemysław
Published: April 2024

The article shows the results of research on methane concentration changes along mine galleries. The experiment was conducted in a longwall area mined using a U-type system, and the results were obtained in situ. The main goal was to measure methane concentration by function of gallery length and dividing segments of methane data into segments, which ultimately enabled separate analysis of these methane data. The analysis led to the diagnosis of methane hazard through the detection of exceedance of the assumed tolerance area.
Challenges Facing the Polish Energy Sector in 2024 and Upcoming Years
Authors: Tokarski Stanisław , Tajduś Antoni
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses a variety of serious challenges facing the Polish energy sector until 2040. These challenging tasks largely result from intensive works in the European Union on the finalisation of measures implementing a zero-carbon economy, as well as social (Covid-19), political and military events, both global and regional (war in Ukraine). After analysing the present condition of the energy sector, the authors proposed a modification of Poland’s energy policy, pointing out that the transformation of the national electricity system towards zero-carbon energy requires, on the one hand, speeding up investments in renewable sources, but on the other hand, insuring this process by own controllable generation sources. The paper also defines the conditions that should be met to achieve the highest possible share of non-carbon energy in the national energy mix by 2040.
Myringoplasty – A Rewiev of 438 Cases
Authors: Filipche Ilija St. , Chakar Marina , Javari Sijavash
Published: April 2024

The medical records of 438 patients who underwent myringoplasty followed up for a minimum of one year in the period of 1980 and 2015 were revised. Examination under otomicroscope was done of the ear to be operated. This was carried out with a speculum under the operating microscope to be reliably asses the tympanic membrane, site of perforation, to rule out any other pathology and assess the status of ossicular chain. All the patients submitted primary myringoplasty surgery were operated under postauricular, endaural and transcanal approach with overlay, underlay and inlay methods. In the study the patients were divided into three groups depending upon the technique utilized to repair the tympanic membrane. When we compared overlay technique group with underlay technique group, it was observed that overlay technique was no statistically significant difference between these three groups in term of age wise distribution, gender wise distribution, duration of disease and cause of disease, due to matching at the time of selection. In this study the outcome in terms of graft uptake rate was slight better in the overlay technique (94%) as compared to the underlay technique (86.2%), though the difference was statistically insignificant, P>0.05. Patients selection may have had a role in the high success rate in the present study as patients presenting with middle ear pathology were excluded. The complications rate in the present study was quite low, no case in inlay group, three cases of graft lateralization in underlay group, and 19 cases in overlay group. In this study, better results were achieved with overlay technique may probably be due to less surgical manipulation and faster healing process.
The Role of Indonesian Business Owners in Aggressive Tax Planning
Authors: Mulya Ali Sandy , Sandy Rehuel Murlie , Janti Kezia Murlie
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of firm characteristics, specifically leverage and profitability, on aggressive tax planning in public sector mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2012-2016, with family ownership as a moderating variable.
 
Theoretical Framework: This research draws upon established theories in finance and corporate governance to examine the relationship between firm characteristics and aggressive tax planning. Key theories include agency theory, which helps to understand the dynamics between owners and managers in decision-making processes, and the pecking order theory, which sheds light on how firms choose between internal and external financing options
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a quantitative approach utilizing data from 12 mining sector public companies over a five-year period, resulting in a sample size of 60. Data was processed using SPSS version 22.0 and Warp Pls 5.0. Leveraging both statistical analysis and structural equation modeling, the study explores the influence of leverage, profitability, and family ownership on aggressive tax planning.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that leverage positively influences aggressive tax planning, while profitability exhibits a negative association. Furthermore, when moderated by family ownership, leverage demonstrates an amplified positive effect on aggressive tax planning, while profitability displays a strengthened negative impact. These results underscore the significant role of family ownership in shaping tax planning strategies within publicly listed companies.
 
Research Implications: The practical implications of this research extend to corporate governance practices and tax planning strategies within the public sector mining industry. Understanding the interplay between firm characteristics and family ownership can inform policymakers and practitioners in enhancing transparency and accountability in tax-related decision-making processes.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the influence of firm characteristics on aggressive tax planning within the context of family ownership, particularly in the Indonesian market. By shedding light on the nuanced relationships between these variables, this research provides valuable insights  for  scholars,  practitioners,  and  policymakers  aiming  to  mitigate  tax-related  risks  and  promote responsible corporate behavior.
EFICIENCIA DE UN TRATAMIENTO AERÓBICO PARA LA REMOCIÓN DE MATERIA ORGÁNICA EN EFLUENTES DE ORIGEN TEXTIL USANDO REACTORES BIOLÓGICOS
Authors: Ferrer Sedolfo Jose Carrasquero , Núñez Datsi Gabriela Guerra , Piñango Luis José León , González Gustavo Adolfo Hernández
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficiencia de un tratamiento aeróbico usando reactores biológicos secuenciales en efluentes de origen textil.
Marco teórico: La remoción de colorantes mediante técnicas de tratamiento biológico ha cobrado impulso en los últimos años por ser eficientes, sostenibles, renovables, y respetuosas con el medio ambiente.
Materiales y métodos: Se usaron reactores biológicos aeróbicos con un volumen de 2 L para el tratamiento de efluentes de origen textil usando dos tiempos de ciclo operaciones, 12 y 16 horas. Se midieron parámetros como color, turbidez, pH y materia orgánica a la entrada y salida de los reactores.
Resultados y discusión: Se obtuvieron porcentajes de remoción superiores a 73, 86 y 94 %, en la remoción de materia orgánica, color y turbidez, respectivamente. El efluente textil una vez tratado resulta apto para su vertido en cuerpos de agua naturales, cumpliendo con lo establecido en la normativa venezolana.
Implicaciones de la investigación: Los tratamientos aplicados al efluente industrial textil indica el buen desempeño de los reactores biológicos aeróbicos para adaptarse a distintas condiciones de operación.
Valor/originalidad: El tratamiento en reactores aeróbicos es una excelente opción para pequeñas y medianas empresas dedicadas a la tinción de telas, representando una técnica de mitigación para el impacto ambiental ocasionado por la descarga de efluentes sin tratamiento.
Reflections on Sexuality and The Invisibility of The Dissenting Body of People with Disabilities
Authors: Pereira Kariane Ferreira Alves , Chahini Thelma Helena Costa
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Throughout history, people with disabilities have consistently been perceived by society through a lens of stigma and prejudice, linked to an ableist ideology that they cannot or are incapable of leading a full life with rights guaranteed to work, education, sexuality, or gender choice.
 
Objective: This paper endeavors to delve into the aspects encompassing the domain of sexuality and the body of people with disabilities as beings endowed with desires, capable of being desired, and holding the right to exercise their sexuality with their inherent particularities.
 
Method: The methodology employed was a qualitative approach, underpinned by investigation and bibliographical analysis, incorporating books, articles, dissertations, legislation, and statistical data.
 
Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework is grounded on scholarly studies concerning the social construction of the body, sexuality, and social policies, as well as legislation pertinent to individuals with disabilities.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings illuminate a paradigm enshrouded in ideals of conformity, martyrdom, and pity concerning the sexuality of these individuals, accentuating the necessity for enhanced implementation of affirmative actions and public policies that acknowledge the specificities of this segment.
 
Research Implications: Investigations into this theme can contribute to demystifying narratives and prejudices associated with the functionality of the body of the person with disabilities, fostering their empowerment and the formulation of policies on gender, sexual and reproductive health, mindful of human diversity.
 
Originality/Value: Thus, the significance of this paper lies in reflecting upon and challenging stigmatized notions, for in the contemporary society where corpornormativity is deemed the aesthetic benchmark, predicated on the ideal of perfect bodies, the perspective on individuals with bodies deviating from this standard is relegated to mere commiseration and denial of rights, a situation that necessitates rectification, aspiring towards dignity, respect, and equality of opportunities for all individuals, across all life's facets.
Islamic Banking and Unemployment: Determining Factors of Unemployment Rate and its Implications on Poverty Level
Authors: Komaludin Ade , Jumri  , Hamzah Risna Amalia , Firmansyah Irman
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This research aims to analyze whether the development of sharia banking and several other variables such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population and social factors have a significant effect on the unemployment rate and poverty alleviation in Indonesia.
 
Method: this research uses quantitative research with the research object being Indonesian macroeconomic data using semiannual data for the period 2010 – 2020. The analysis used is multivariate analysis based on the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM).
 
Results and conclusions: This research finds that social variables have a negative influence on the unemployment rate compared to population, Islamic banking, or GDP. Another finding is that GDP and Islamic banking have a very detrimental impact on poverty levels. This is different from the unemployment rate which has a positive impact. Regarding the use of mediating factors, namely the unemployment rate, it turns out that sharia banking, population and GDP do not have a significant effect on the poverty rate. However, the amount of poverty is negatively influenced by social variables.
 
implications: This research provides implications for government policy to continue to strengthen capital policies, networks, education and socialization of sharia banking. Apart from that, systematic, conducive, serious and measurable positive efforts in various economic sectors will have an impact on poverty alleviation.
 
Originality/value: This research offers novelty in the form of connecting Islamic banking with poverty levels and is found to have a negative relationship. We use data from 2010 to 2020. We suspect that this condition is caused by a lack of Indonesian government policies regarding capital, networks and education.
Assess the Impact of Hedonic Motivation, Social Influence, Gamification, And Education Level on Behavioral Intention to Adopt Mobile Shopping in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Rabiah Arbi Siti , Setiawan Margono , Rohman Fatchur , Mugiono
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to assess the impact of hedonic motivation, social influence, gamification, and education level in the adoption of mobile shopping in Jakarta, Indonesia.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study is based on the Social Cognitive Theory. This Theory is that human behavior originates from personal interactions (e.g., values, self-efficacy, outcome expectations), environment (e.g., other people's behavior, feedback), and behavioral factors (e.g., previous behavior), which are causal reciprocals triadic.
 
Method: This research is quantitative and descriptive, with survey data collection. The research population consisted of undergraduate and graduate students using the Shopee application, a company engaged in mobile commerce. The sample consisted of consumers who agreed to participate in the survey, totaling 290 respondents. The research consisted of 5 variables: hedonic motivation, social influence, gamification, education level, and behavioral intention.
 
Results and conclusion: The results indicate that hedonic motivation, social influence, gamification, and education level have a positive effect on behavioral intention to adopt mobile shopping.
 
Research Implications: This study has practical implications for mobile shopping adoption. This is because this study emphasizes that the involvement of undergraduate and graduate students produces behavioral intentions in adopting mobile shopping. Consumers view hedonic motivation, social influence, gamification, and education level as essential in behavioral intentions to realize mobile shopping adoption.
 
Originality/value: This research brings novelty by focusing on the education level in mobile shopping adoption. This also shows that developing hedonic motivation and social influence impacts engaging consumers and can strengthen their behavioral intentions, especially when combined with gamification.
Patient Care Device Technology Transformation: Nurses Seek Partners to Achieve Patient Care Excellence
Authors: Winterberg Abby , Landsman Kelly , Downing Nancy , Roddy Lindsey , Kennedy Rosemary
Published: April 2024

Nurses make up the largest segment of the health-care workforce worldwide (World Health Organization, 2020). Nursing is fundamentally a process of innovation, where creativity and problem-solving are leveraged to co-create optimal outcomes for each patient and family. Throughout history, nurse innovators have contributed significantly to health-care research, quality, safety, and improved outcomes. Unfortunately, nursing innovation is often not well recognized, respected, or utilized, and most patient care devices and technologies currently in use were not developed by or even with direct consultation with nurses. Nurses seek transdisciplinary partners to develop devices and technologies to transform health care and achieve optimal patient outcomes. This article highlights the experience of five nurses partnering with other disciplines to bring nursing innovations into practice, introducing a vision for patient care devices and technologies developed by a committee formed through the American Nurses Association. Sharing these experiences and vision is a call to interdisciplinary colleagues to recognize nurses’ needs, skills, and efforts - a call to partner with them to install devices and technologies into health care that can achieve patient care excellence.
Mussolini and the Jewish Question in the Diaries of Claretta Petacci
Authors: Neretin Anton Il'ich
Published: April 2024

The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the attitude of the leader of Italian fascism, Benito Mussolini, to representatives of Jewish nationality. The diaries of Mussolini's mistress Claretta Petacci, which she kept from 1932 to 1937, are mainly used as a source. The work also explores the drastic change in B. Mussolini's attitude towards Jews, which occurred after an alliance was concluded with the leader of Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler, in 1937. There is a connection between these events, since until 1937 Petacci's diaries said nothing about the Jewish question. The article also examines the attitude of Italian society towards the racial laws of 1938 against Jews, which was not at all unambiguous. As an analytical method, the interpretive approach of the American anthropologist Clifford Geertz will be used, who believed that the analysis of culture is not an experimental matter, but a hermeneutic one, engaged in the search for meanings, symbols and ideas. The scientific novelty of this study lies in a specific consideration of the Jewish question of Mussolini and his study based on the memoirs of his mistress Claretta Petacci. There are not many studies devoted specifically to this issue and specifically to this historical source. The main conclusions of the above study are that it was the alliance concluded in 1937 with Adolf Hitler that radically influenced Benito Mussolini's decision to introduce racial laws in Italy, since the Duce was not much concerned about the Jewish question until 1937. The author of the work also drew conclusions regarding the negative attitude towards anti-Semitic laws by the majority of Italian society: Italians did not accept them due to the lack of anti-Semitism and hostility towards Jews in Italy.
Pemanfataan EM4 Pada Kompos dan FMA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Rumput Kumpai (Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Ness.)
Authors: Hidayat R , Syafria H , Adriani A , Lestari W M
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan EM4 pada kompos dan FMA terhadap pertumbuhan rumput kumpai (hymenachne amplexicaulis (rudge) nees). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu tahap pertama yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan penambahan EM4 terhadap kualitas kompos, tahap kedua bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompos dan FMA serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan rumput kumpai di lahan bekas tambang batubara. Tahap penelitian menggunakan CRD yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, dimana P = 40% feses + 35% tandan kosong + 20% pelepah sawit + 4% dedak + 1% urea, P1 = P0 + 2% EM4, P2 = P0 + 4% EM4, P3= P0 + 6% EM4. Parameter pH, dan (C, N, P, K) kompos. Yang terbaik dari satu langkah digunakan pada dua langkah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dua tahap menggunakan CRD dengan pola faktorial 3x2x3, dengan 2 faktor sebagai perlakuan yaitu faktor A adalah A0= 0 kompos, A1= 12 g kompos, dan A2= 24 g kompos dan faktor B adalah FMA dengan dosis B0= 0 g dan B1= 20 gram. Perlakuan yang dianalisis meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, berat kering akar dan hasil bahan kering hijauan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan EM4 tidak berpengaruh terhadap komponen penyusutan, pH, P dan K (P<0,05). Kompos penyusutan rata-rata= 21,37%, pH= 7, N= 3,66%, P= 0,48%, C= 29,94%, K= 1,14% dan C/N= 12,03. Perlakuan EM4 berpengaruh nyata terhadap komposisi C, N dan C/N. Pada tahap 2 hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang diberikan FMA 20 g/rpn berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, dan hasil bahan kering hijauan, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot kering akar. Sedangkan interaksi komposisi dan FMA tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap seluruh variabel.
Dampak Perubahan Iklim Terhadap Kualitas Udara Pada Peternakan Unggas: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nurhidayah A F , Syamsuddin S , Hasrin H , Hasman H
Published: April 2024

The Impact of climate change in poultry farming through increased ambient temperatures. Poor air quality also has serious consequences related to the spread of dust particles and toxic chemicals from poultry waste. The aims this study, based on the description above is to see the relationship between increased ambient temperature and air quality in poultry farms. This study used a systematic literature review method with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. The results obtained from 12 articles related to climate change on air quality in poultry farms. Literature results show that air quality monitoring involves parameters such as NH3, CO2, SO2, NOx, CH4, PM2.5, and PM10 with various measurement methods. The temperature and humidity of the poultry environment are critical to achieving optimal conditions for livestock welfare and growth.

 

Keywords: Air Quality, Climate Change, Poultry, Temperature,
Association of Tumour Necrosis with Histopathological Prognostic Parameters in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jacob Sherrin , Khan Adil Aziz , Ahuja Sana , Zaheer Sufian
Published: April 2024

Background-

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in India but to the dismay, it has limited treatment modalities. This is a retrospective study on 50 cases of OSCC to evaluate association of tumour necrosis with histopathological parameters like tumour size, nodal involvement and depth of invasion.

Methods-

This was a retrospective study in which all resection specimens of OSCC operated over a one year period were included. The tumours were graded and staged according to the WHO classification. Tumour necrosis was graded semi-quantitatively as Grade 0- no necrosis, grade1- focal or <10% of total tumour area, moderate or grade 2- necrosis comprising 10-30% of the tumour area and extensive or grade 3- necrosis >30% of the tumour area. Necrosis grade was categorised into- low (Grade 0 and 1) and high (Grade 2 and 3). The association between tumour necrosis and histopathological parameters was evaluated using the Chi square test.

Results-

A total of 50 resection specimens were included in the study. Out of 50 cases, 14 (28%), 7 (14%), 21(42%), 8 (16%) were T4, T3, T2 and T1 respectively. 28(56%) cases showed low grade necrosis while 22(44%) cases exhibited high grade necrosis. The grade of necrosis showed significant association with depth of invasion, primary tumour size and grade of tumour. However, no association could be elicited between tumour necrosis and nodal status.

Conclusions-

Tumour necrosis is an easily recognizable histopathological variable which must be included in routine reporting of OSCCs. A higher grade of tumour necrosis is associated with greater tumour size, grade and depth of invasion.
Doğu Karadeniz’in Karstik Oluşumları: Karaca (Torul, Gümüşhane) ve Çal (Düzköy, Trabzon) Mağaralarının Jeoturizm Potansiyeli
Authors: Köroğlu Fatih
Published: April 2024

Türkiye’de jeolojik miras kaynak değerlerini de içeren sedimanter kayaç grupları; ilk önce paleontolojisi devamında sedimantolojisi olmak üzere dünya çapında önemli yayınlara ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Sedimantolojik birimlerin Türkiye jeoloji haritasındaki yayılımı, paleotektonik geçmişine paralel olarak çok çeşitlidir. Başlıca karbonatlı gruplar olmak üzere karstlaşmaya uygun kayaçlar Türkiye’de önemli bir hacme sahiptir. Bu hacim, bulunulan iklim kuşağı ve tektoniğin etkisi ile beraber dünya ölçeğinde karstik mağara ve düdenlerin oluşumu ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bu karstik yapılar, doğal kaynak değer olarak turizmde cazibe merkezlerini de oluşturmuştur. Günümüzde, jeoturizm hem jeolojik hem de turistik değerlerin harmanlandığı bir konsept olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. 2020-2023 yılları arasındaki 4 yıllık süre içindeki toplam ziyaretçi sayıları; Karaca Mağarası 355923 ve Çal Mağarası 514947 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Ekonomik gelişimi sınırlı olan bölgelerdeki jeolojik kaynak değerlerden Karaca ve Çal mağaralarının turizm faaliyetlerinde kullanılma girişimleri, bu karstik yapıların Doğu Karadeniz Bölümü içindeki turizm potansiyeline olan katkısı ile ölçülebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, sedimanter kökenli kayaçların jeoturizm bağlamında; bölgesel, küresel ve sürdürülebilir bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ve hem jeolojik açıdan hem de turizm malzemesi olarak rol oynadığını da göstermiştir.
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze
Authors: Kalaimagal C. , Vinotha V. , Rajakumar R.
Published: April 2024

Medicinal plants are widely used in management of diseases all over the world. The antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities of C. sinensis were studied in albino rats by using methanolic extracts of these plants. The phytochemical studies in Camellia sinensis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, protein, phenols, saponins, tannins, phytosterols, phlobatannins and terpenoids. In the present GC-MS analysis, total 20 compounds were identified from the methanol extract of C.sinensi. Among the 20 compounds, the highest peak percentage was noted in the 1H- Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl (86.5030 %). From this study, methanolic leaves extract of C.sinensi showed good ABTS (86.44±6.1 μM TEAC/mg DW) followed by DPPH (78.72±6.2 %) and FRAPP (68.24±7.5 μM TEAC/mg DW) radical scavenging activities. In carrageenan induced paw edema in rats, oral administration of methanolic leaves extracts of C. sinensis showed that the MEV (mean edema volume) slightly decreased and percentage of inhibition (PI) gradually increased after 3 hrs of carrageenan injection. Plant extracts at 200 mg/kg, revealed better inhibition of edema volume. In future, stability studies are required to ensure the usage of this plant for formulations and in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Rapid multiplication of Zingiber cassumunar using axillary bud explant
Authors: Panigrahi Rajashree , Parida Reena
Published: April 2024

An in vitro regeneration system was standardized on a traditional medicinal plant of Zingiber cassumunar. The rhizome axillary buds upon transfer to MS basal medium with benzyl adenine (3mg/l) found optimum exhibiting maximum percent of shoot initiation as 92.5 ± 0.6, thereby maximum number of shoots as 6.8 ± 0.3 and maximum number of roots as 22.0 ± 0.4 were found in benzyl adenine (3mg/l) and indole acetic acid (0.5mg/l) combination. The micropropagated plants were transferred to field for successful establishment as 90% respectively. Furthermore, the morphological characteristic analysis was done between the conventional and micropropagated plants which showed very less significant variation. The present protocol reports the propagation of Z. cassumunar plantlets which could be used for commercial exploitation in future.
Biocompatible and sustained delivery of cinnamic acid using liposomal formulation
Authors: Pillai Babu Sethu Parvathy , Rajagopalan Reshma RavI , Rohan Sunil S. , Munisankar Sharathkumar R. , Thiyagaraj Anand
Published: April 2024

Cinnamic acid is an aromatic polyphenolic natural bioactive ingredient in ginseng, wheat, grains and cinnamon bark, among other substances. It is widely used in the manufacture of cosmetics, perfumes and as a flavor enhancer in the food industry. In recent years, cinnamic acid has been reported to have a variety of antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Liposomes are lipid-based nanoparticles that have received considerable attention in drug delivery research due to their strong biocompatibility and low toxicity. Their resistance to degradation, as well as their potential to deliver a plethora of pharmacological loads, has prompted a substantial investigation into their medicinal applications. Researchers have been able to improve the therapeutic indices of a variety of medications by reformulating them in liposomes, particularly by modifying their biodistribution. The goal of this study is to prepare liposome-encapsulated cinnamic acid, to analyze the particles in terms of various parameters and to conduct a hemolysis assay to determine biocompatibility. The methods of characterization revealed the particles to have a spherical morphology and the sizes to be 47.2 nm (control sample) and 62.5 nm (cinnamic acid sample). The encapsulation efficiency was found to be 87.86% and the hemolysis rate at the minimum concentration of red blood cells was found to be 0.3%. Thus, the current study concludes that a natural substance (cinnamic acid) was encapsulated within a liposomal carrier, described in terms of several parameters and then used to construct a pharmacokinetic model. This demonstrates the potential benefits of using natural compounds in the treatment strategies of diabetes, cancer, microbial disorders and fungal infections, among other conditions. The inclusion of a hydrophobic medication in a carrier that the body can tolerate, opens the door to the use of comparable naturally occurring molecules as therapeutic agents in a variety of applications.
Modelling the scour depth near the bridge pier
Authors: Архипов Б.В. , Шапочкин Д.А.
Published: April 2024

Представлено численное моделирование местного размыва грунта возле мостовой опоры, вызванного речным потоком. Использованы трехмерная гидродинамическая модель с параметризацией турбулентного обмена и модель переноса осадков. В результате моделирования установлено, что воронка размыва стабилизируется. Сравнение результатов моделирования с имеющимися эмпирическими данными о местных размывах, используемыми в проектировании, показало, что они хорошо согласуются.

Purpose. The paper presents a numerical simulation of local soil erosion near a bridge pier caused by a river ѕow. Methodology. The simulation based on a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model with parametri- zation of turbulent mixing and a sediment transport model. Findings. The simulation results show that the local scour is stabilizing. A comparison of the simulation results with the available empirical data on local scour used in the design shows the proximity of the depth of the scour in modelling and empirical data. Originality/value. The paper attempts to understand by which models and/or empirical formulas to carry out calculations of local erosion in practice. Generally speaking, both model and empirical approaches are questionable. Delft3D (oceanographic model) in this article is adapted to calculate local erosion and compared with empirical formulas. Simulation data are obtained and a comparison with empirical data is given. In this sense, it can be argued that the material contains new computational and scientiҥc data.
La responsabilisation des auteurs de violence conjugale
Authors: Roy Valérie , Brodeur Normand , Angele Rebecca
Published: April 2024

Au Québec et ailleurs, la responsabilisation des auteurs de violence conjugale (AV) compte parmi les principes-clés des actions visant à contrer la violence conjugale. Un des objectifs des programmes destinés aux auteurs de violence consiste d’ailleurs à les amener à reconnaître leur violence et ses conséquences et à en accepter la pleine responsabilité. L’identification des meilleures pratiques pour ce faire reste cependant à réaliser. Avec l’objectif de cerner les principales dimensions de la responsabilisation et de dégager des meilleures pratiques, une recherche-action, s’appuyant sur les savoirs d’expérience, a été réalisée avec des organismes québécois offrant des programmes pour les auteurs de violence conjugale. Quatre groupes de discussion, dix entrevues individuelles et des observations dans trois organismes ont été réalisés. Les résultats amènent à conceptualiser la responsabilisation comme un processus comprenant cinq dimensions principales, à rendre compte d’une trentaine d’interventions permettant de les travailler avec les auteurs de violence et à cibler certains défis. Ces résultats sont discutés en considération de l’environnement sociopénal dans lequel le travail clinique auprès des AV s’inscrit, de même qu’en considération d’une perspective à la fois rétrospective, centrée sur les gestes passés, et prospective, tournée vers un projet de vie sans violence.
Non-Stereotypical Distribution and Effect of Ergosterol in Lipid Membranes
Authors: Qian Shuo , Nagy Gergely , Zolnierczuk Piotr , Mamontov Eugene , Standaert Robert
Published: April 2024

Sterols are an important class of lipids that regulate many biological processes. Among them, ergosterol in fungi and some protists is surprisingly understudied compared to cholesterol from animal membranes. Based on their similarity in chemical structure, ergosterol is assumed to modulate membrane in the similar fashion as cholesterol. In this study, however, we revealed very different interaction between ergosterol and lipid membranes. Using Neutron Membrane Diffraction, we found ergosterol is embedded much shallower than cholesterol in the bilayer. It doesn’t change the membrane thickness as much, indicating little condensation effect. From Neutron Spin Echo spectroscopy, we found ergosterol actually can both rigidify and soften membranes at different concentrations. The Quasi Elastic Neutron Scattering measurement of lateral lipid diffusion indicates that ergosterol promotes a jump diffusion of POPC, while cholesterol keeps the same continuous lateral diffusion mechanism as in the pure POPC membrane. All those results point to quite distinct interactions of ergosterol with membranes as compared to cholesterol. These structural and dynamical insights provide basic understandings for the properties of membranes containing ergosterol, as well as the implication for lipid rafts and drug interaction in those membranes.
Charge-neutral urea cages as potent synthetic sulfate receptors in water
Authors: Li Junhong , Clegg Jack K. , Wu Xin
Published: April 2024

Strongly hydrated anions are challenging targets for molecular receptors. In nature, sulfate binding proteins use multiple neutral NH hydrogen bonds to surround the guest, resulting in sub-millimolar to sub-micromolar sulfate affinities. Synthetic receptors, however, have not yet achieved comparable efficiency and selectivity for sulfate solely by relying on hydrogen bonds or other ion-dipole interactions. Here we report charge-neutral macrotricyclic hexa-urea cages which exhibit strong sulfate affinities (6000 to 9000 M–1) in water with exceptional selectivity over hydrophobic anions. Unlike sulfate binding proteins where a low-polarity microenvironment enhances sulfate binding, the urea cages achieve high sulfate affinities with the urea binding sites exposed to water. The work demonstrates that synthetic receptors operating solely by neutral hydrogen bond donors can emulate the efficiency and selectivity of naturally occurring systems.
Large-Area Sensor Permits Near-Continuous Multi-Point Measurements of Aqueous Biological and Chemical Analytes
Authors: White Liza , Miner Jordan , McKinney Luke , Pierce Lindsay , Folley Anna , Larrabee Ariel , Scrapchansky Lea , Fessler Wyatt , Choudhary Manisha , Kamalanathan Manoj , Pouria Ramin , Zare Saman , Perry Emma , Edalatpour Sheila , Apul Onur , Howell Caitlin
Published: April 2024

The timely detection of aqueous analytes is of critical importance to decision makers in agriculture, industry, and municipalities. However, nearly all water sensor systems rely on single-point measurements, often taken at an instantaneous point in time and in one location, which can limit their ability to detect analytes passing through the water matrix at other locations or times. In this work, we present the concept of employing an industrially manufactured nanotextured diffraction surface as a large-area sensor system capable of providing spectrophotometric information on aqueous analytes across multiple locations over time. We show that by placing the large-area surface of the sensor system under or behind a water matrix, the water can be scanned by simply changing the location or angle of the light source and detector. We demonstrate the detection and quantification of a variety of aqueous analytes, including visible and ultra-violet (UV)-absorbing dyes, dust particles, and microalgae species at accuracies similar to commercial spectrophotometers. These results demonstrate that using a surface as a detector can offer benefits in water sensing capabilities, facilitating widely deployable aqueous analyte monitoring in a variety of applications.
Apparent Non-Double-Couple Components as Artifacts of Moment Tensor Inversion
Authors: Rösler Boris , Stein Seth , Ringler Adam , Vackář Jiří
Published: April 2024

Compilations of earthquake moment tensors from global and regional catalogs find pervasive non-double-couple (NDC) componentswith a mean deviation from a double-couple (DC) source of around 20%. Their distributions vary only slightly with magnitude, faulting mechanism, or geologic environments. This consistency suggests thatfor most earthquakes, especially smaller ones whose rupture processes are expected to be simpler, the NDC components are largely artifacts of the moment tensor inversion procedure. This possibility is also supported by the fact that NDC components for individual earthquakes with Mw<6.5 are only weakly correlated betweencatalogs. We explore this possibility by generating synthetic seismograms for the double-couple components of earthquakes around theworld using one Earth model and inverting them with a different Earth model. To match the waveforms with a different Earth model, the inversion changes the mechanisms to include a substantial NDC component while largely preserving the fault geometry (DC component). The resulting NDC components have a size and distribution similar to those reported for the earthquakes in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) catalog. The fact that numerical experiments replicate general features of the pervasive NDC components reported in moment tensor catalogs implies that these components are largely artifacts of the inversions not adequately accounting for the effects of laterally varying Earth structure.
CHILD PROTECTION AND CHILD RIGHTS IN DISASTERS AND EMERGENCIES
Authors: C Dr Prakasam
Published: April 2024

Every child has the right to live from violence, exploitation, and abuse. Children experience insidious forms of violence. It happens in every country state, and where children should be most protected their homes and schools. The purpose of the publishing of this book is to get aware of child protection and their rights, safeguard children, ensure children's safety, promote children's health and development, and identify when a child is at continuing risk of significant harm, how much parents' role is involving for assuring the protecting their children.