bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetocaloric Effect in an Antidot : The Effect of the Aharonov-Bohm Flux and Antidot Radius
Authors: Negrete Oscar A. , Peña Francisco J. , Vargas Patricio
Published: October 2018

In this work, we report the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in a quantum dot corresponding to an electron interacting with an antidot, under the effect of an Aharonov-Bohm flux subjected to a parabolic confinement potential. We use the Bogachek and Landman model, which additionally allows the study of quantum dots with Fock-Darwin energy levels for vanishing antidot radius and flux. We find that the Aharonov-Bohm flux (AB-flux) strongly controls the oscillatory behaviour of the MCE, thus acting as a control parameter for the cooling or heating of the magnetocaloric effect. We propose a way to detect AB-flux by measuring temperature differences.
Causes and Consequences of Spatial Within-Host Viral Spread
Authors: Gallagher Molly E. , Brooke Christopher B. , Ke Ruian , Koelle Katia
Published: October 2018

The spread of viral pathogens both between and within hosts is inherently a spatial process. While the spatial aspects of viral spread at the epidemiological level have been increasingly well characterized, the spatial aspects of viral spread within infected hosts are still understudied. Recent experimental studies, however, have started to shed more light on the mechanisms and spatial dynamics of viral spread within hosts. Here, we review these experimental studies as well as the limited number of computational modeling efforts that have begun to integrate spatial considerations for understanding within-host viral spread. We limit our review to influenza virus to highlight key mechanisms affecting spatial aspects of viral spread for pathogens of the respiratory tract. There is considerable empirical evidence for highly spatial within-host spread of influenza virus, yet few computational modeling studies that shed light on possible factors that structure the dynamics of this spatial spread. In existing modeling studies, there is also a striking absence of theoretical expectations of how spatial dynamics may impact the dynamics of viral populations. To mitigate this, we turn to the extensive ecological and evolutionary literature to provide informed theoretical expectations for what viral and host factors may impact the spatial patterns of within-host viral dynamics and for how spatial spread will affect the genetic composition of within-host viral populations. We end by discussing current knowledge gaps related to the spatial component of within-host influenza virus spread and the potential for within-host spatial considerations to inform the development of disease control strategies.
Antimicrobial Efficiency of Essential Oils from Traditional Medicinal Plants of Asir Region, Saudi Arabia over Drug Resistant Isolates
Authors: Helal Ismail M. , El-Bessoumy Ashraf , Al-Bataineh Erwah , Joseph Martin R.P. , Rajagopalan Parassena , Chandramoorthy Harish C. , Ben Hadj Ahmed Sami
Published: October 2018

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a recurring global problem, which constantly demands new antimicrobial compounds to challenge the resistance. It is well known that essential oils (EOs) have been known for biological activities including antimicrobial properties. In this study, EOs from seven aromatic plants of Asir region of southwestern Saudi Arabia were tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against four drug resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus typhimurium) and one fungal isolate (Candida albicans). Chemical compositions of EOs were determined by Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum and Origanum vulgare proved most active against all isolates with inhibitory zone range between17 to 45 mm.  The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.025mg/ml was observed for Staph. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with EO of Origanum vulgare. All the three EOs showed significant anti candida activity. Together form the results the EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum and Origanum vulgare demonstrated a significant antimicrobial efficacy against drug resistant microorganisms.
Tumor Cell Dormancy: Threat or Opportunity in the Fight Against Cancer
Authors: Seidi Khaled , H. Manjili Masoud , Jahanban-Esfahlan Rana , Javaheri Tahereh
Published: October 2018

Tumor dormancy, a clinically undetectable state of cancer, makes a major contribution to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR), minimum residual disease (MRD), tumor outgrowth, cancer relapse, and metastasis. Despite its high incidence, the whole picture of dormancy-regulated molecular programs is far from clear. That is, it is unknown when and which dormant cells will resume proliferation causing late relapse, and which will remain asymptomatic and harmless to their hosts. Thus, identification of dormancy-related culprits and understanding their roles can help predict cancer prognosis and may increase the probability of a timely therapeutic intervention for the desired outcome. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the dormancy-dictated molecular mechanisms, including an angiogenic switch, immune escape, cancer stem cells, extra cellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, miRNAs, epigenetic modifications, and stress-induced-p38 signaling pathways. Further, we analyze the possibility of leveraging these dormancy-related molecular cues to outmaneuver cancer, and discuss the implications of such approaches in cancer treatment.
Simulation of a Hydraulic Load Sensing Proportional Valve
Authors: Mirzaliev Sanjar , Sharipov Kungratbai
Published: October 2018

Nowadays energy saving is a topical issue due to increasing fuel costs and this aspect is amplified by more stringent emissions regulations that impact on vehicle development. A recent study conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy shows that about five percent of the U.S. energy consumption is transmitted by fluid power equipment. Nevertheless, this study also shows that the efficiency of fluid power averages 21 percent. This offers a huge opportunity to improve the current state-of-the-art of fluid power machines, in particular to improve the energy consumption of current applications. These facts dictate a continuous strive toward improvements and more efficient solutions: to accomplish this objective a strong reduction of hydraulic losses and better control strategies of the hydraulic systems are needed. In fluid power, there exist many techniques to reduce/recover energy losses of the conventional layouts, e.g. load sensing, electrohydraulic flow matching, independent metering, etc. One of the most efficient ways to analyze these different layouts and identify the best hydraulic solution is done through virtual simulations instead of prototyping, since the latter involves higher investment costs to deliver the product into the market. However, to build a fluid power machine virtual model, some problems arise relative to different aspects, for instance: loads on actuators (both linear and rotational) are not constant and pumps are driven by a real engine whose speed depends on required torque. Furthermore, it is important to achieve higher level of detail to simulate each component in the circuit: the greater detail, the better the machine behavior is portrayed, but it obviously entails heavy impact on simulation time and computational resources. Therefore, there is a need to create mathematical model of components and systems with sufficient level of detail to easily acquire all those phenomena necessary to correctly evaluate machine performance and make modifications to the fluid power component design. In this context, a hydraulic proportional valve PVG 32 by Danfoss is taken as an object of study, its performance is analyzed with suitable mathematical model and simulation is done to observe closeness of a model to the laboratory experiment.
The Nature of Low Temperature Carburized Layer
Authors: Baniasadi Fazel , Sovizi Saeed , Todoroff Peter , Amini Poopak , Asgari Sirous
Published: October 2018

Carburizing of stainless steels at low temperatures (below 500 °C) develops a high content carbon layer, known for its high hardness. X-ray Diffraction investigation indicates that carburization treatment does not impact the structure of substrate; however, introduced carbon causes expansion in the carburized layer through the increase in d-spacing. Characterization of carbon concentration and hardness profiles indicate that carbon content gradually decreases while moving further into the substrate; and the origin of the increased hardness of the expanded layer arises from the super-saturated carbon content, following the solid solution strengthening theory. An area that is not well understood is in regard to the carburized layer’s relation to the substrate and the significance in their differences. Using two grades of stainless steel, AISI 316L and PH 17-4, it was observed that the carburized layer is not a separate layer, but a higher carbon content version of the substrate.
Determination of Nugget Size in Resistance Projection Welding by Means of Numerical Method and Comparison with Experimental Measurement
Authors: Rezaei Danial Mohammad , Heidarshenas Behzad , Baniasadi Fazel
Published: October 2018

In this paper, firstly, experiments are carried out to evaluate the influence of three key parameters including weld current, weld time and electrode force in nugget diameter and tensile strength in projection welding. Then, a 2-D axis-symmetric finite element model is developed to simulate the projection welding and predict the nugget diameter. Finally, the FEM results are compared to experimental data to verify the simulation model and simulated results. In the finite element model, the temperature-dependent material properties are taken into account.
EGFET Based Sensors for Bioanalytical Applications: A Review
Authors: Pullano Salvatore Andrea , Critello Costantino Davide , Mahbub Ifana , Tasneem Nishat Tarannum , Shamsir Samira , Islam Syed K. , Greco Marta , Fiorillo Antonino S.
Published: October 2018

Since 1970s, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of semiconductor–based biosensors because of the numerous advantages they offer, including high sensitivity, faster response time, miniaturization, and low–cost manufacturing for quick biospecific analysis with reusable features. Commercial biosensors have become highly desirable in the fields of medicine, food, environmental monitoring as well as military applications (e.g., Hoffmann–La Roche, Abbott Point of Care, Orion High technologies, etc.), whereas increasing concerns on the food safety and health issues have resulted in the introduction of novel legislative standards for these sensors. Numerous devices have been developed for monitoring of biological–processes such as nucleic–acid hybridization, protein–protein interaction, antigen–antibody bonds and substrate–enzyme reactions, just to name a few. Since 1980s scientific interest moved to the development of semiconductor–based devices which also include integrated front–end electronics, such as the extended–gate–field–effect–transistor biosensor which is one of the first miniaturized chemical sensors. This work is intended to be a review of the state of the art focused on the development of biosensors based extended–gate–field–effect–transistor within the field of bioanalytical applications, which will highlight the most recent research works reported in the literature. Moreover, a comparison among the diverse EGFET devices will be presented giving particular attention to the materials and technologies.
Precision Permittivity Measurement for Low-Loss Thin Planar Materials Using Large Coaxial Probe from 1 to 400 MHz
Authors: You Kok Yeow , Sim Man Seng
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on the non-destructive dielectric measurement for low-loss planar materials with a thickness of less than 3 mm using a large coaxial probe with an outer diameter of 48 mm. The aperture probe calibration procedure required only to make a measurement of the half-space air and three offset shorts. The reflection coefficient for the thin material is measured using a Keysight E5071C network analyzer from 0.3 MHz to 650 MHz and then converted to a relative dielectric constant and tangent loss via closed form capacitance model and lift-off calibration process. Measurement error of dielectric constant, Δεr is less than 2.5 % from 1 MHz to 400 MHz and the resolution of loss tangent, tan δ  measurement is capable of achieving 3×10-3.
The Geometrical Basis of PT Symmetry
Authors: Sanchez-Soto Luis , Monzón Juan J.
Published: October 2018

We reelaborate on the basic properties of PT symmetry from a geometrical Perspective. The transfer matrix associated with these systems induces a Möbius transformation in the complex plane. The trace of this matrix classifies the actions into three types that represent rotations, translations, and parallel displacements. We find that a PT invariant system can be pictured as a complex conjugation followed by an inversion in a circle. We elucidate the physical meaning of these geometrical operations and link them with measurable properties of the system.
Russian-German Astroparticle Data Life Cycle Initiative
Authors: Bychkov Igor , Demichev Andrey , Dubenskaya Julia , Fedorov Oleg , Haungs Andreas , Heiss Andreas , Kazarina Yulia , Korosteleva Elena , Kostunin Dmitriy , Kryukov Alexander , Mikhailov Andrey , Nguyen Minh-Duc , Polyakov Stanislav , Postnikov Evgeny , Shigarov Alexey , Shipilov Dmitry , Streit Achim , Tokareva Viktoria , Wochele Doris , Wochele Jürgen , Zhurov Dmitry
Published: October 2018

Modern experimental astroparticle physics features large-scale setups measuring different messengers, namely high-energy particles generated by cosmic accelerators (e.g. supernova remnants, active galactic nuclei, etc): cosmic and gamma rays, neutrinos and recently discovered gravitational waves. Ongoing and future experiments are distributed over the Earth including ground, underground/underwater setups as well as balloon payloads and spacecrafts. The data acquired by these experiments have different formats, storage concepts and publication policies. Such differences are a crucial issue in the era of big data and of multi-messenger analysis strategies in astroparticle physics. We propose a service ASTROPARTICLE.ONLINE in the frame of which we develop an open science system which enables to publish, store, search, select and analyse astroparticle physics data. The cosmic-ray experiments KASCADE-Grande and TAIGA were chosen as pilot experiments to be included in this framework. In the first step of our initiative we will develop and test the following components of the full data life cycle concept: (i) describing, storing and reusing of astroparticle data; (ii) software for performing multi-experiment and multi-messenger analyses like deep-learning methods; (iii) outreach including example applications and tutorial for students and scientists outside the specific research field. In the present paper we describe the concepts of our initiative, and in particular the plans toward a common, federated astroparticle data storage.
Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics with the JUNO Detector
Authors: Miramonti Lino
Published: October 2018

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton liquid scintillator multi-purpose underground detector, under construction near the chinese city of Jiangmen, with data taking expected to start in 2021. The main goal of the experiment is the neutrino mass hierarchy determination, with more than three sigma significance, and the high precision neutrino oscillation parameters measurements, detecting electron anti-neutrinos, emitted from two near-by (baseline of about 53 km) nuclear power plants. Besides, the unprecedented liquid scintillator type detector performance in target mass, energy resolution, energy calibration precision and low-energy threshold, features a rich physics program for the detection of low-energy astrophysical neutrinos, such as galactic core-collapse supernova neutrinos, solar neutrinos and geo-neutrinos.
C-RAN Traffic Aggregation on Latency-controlled Ethernet links
Authors: Tonini Federico , Masood Khorsandi Bahare , Bjornstad Steinar , Veisllari Raimena , Raffaelli Carla
Published: October 2018

Centralized/Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN) are deployed in converged fixed-mobile networks to exploit the flexibility coming from joint application of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN). In this context, optical links connecting C-RAN nodes, possibly based on the Ethernet standards, may carry traffic with different requirements in terms of latency and throughput. This paper considers the problem of traffic aggregation on C-RAN optical Ethernet links with latency control for fronthaul traffic and throughput capability for backhaul traffic. Integrated hybrid nework technique is applied to show how time transparency can be enforced for Ethernet encapsulated Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) traffic while allowing statistical multiplexing of backhaul traffic. Simulation results show the effectiveness of segmentation of backhaul traffic to allow exploitation of the available bandwidth even with high capacity CPRI options.
The Performance Analysis of Human Resources Higher Education in Kopertis III Jakarta
Authors: Ariwibowo Prasetio , Djuhartono Tjipto
Published: October 2018

This study was to find out and understand the profile of Higher Education (PT) Human Resources, the quality of Human Resources for Higher Education, and determine the quality of Higher Education in Kopertis III Jakarta, by using data from 2015 to 2017. The method used in this analysis is a study of documentation and surveys. Besides, key performance indicators (IKU) were used from the Kopertis III Education Strategy Plan in 2015-2019 to assess the quality of Higher Education. The results show that there are 332 Higher Education under the auspices of Kopertis III Jakarta, which consists of PT Private institutions in the form of Universities of 57 Universities, in the form of 15 Institute institutes (4.52%), in the form of Colleges 125 (37.65%), in the form of academies, 121 (36.45%). Based on five composite indicators selected, the quality of PT is only 49.85, meaning less than half. Based on the results of the analysis of the authors, it is recommended that further research is carried out regarding PT data collection, especially lecturers with all the details and whether the composite indicators used are appropriate to measure the quality.
Pelaksanaan Teknik Evaluasi Pembelajaran Sejarah Peradaban Islam di IAIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
Authors: Ratni Ratni , Suriani Suriani
Published: October 2018

In the greatness time of Islamic Civilazation, Islamic Education chose oral exam for evaluation technic. The result of evaluation on education is for evaluate life with face all the trials, but its a life its self. How about now, what kind of evaluation are use by lecturer and why they choose for the evaluation? The aim of the research is to describing technic evalution for learning Islamic Civilazation History at IAIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten in 3 Faculty. The method is Kualitatif Research in case study wich deskriptif analitif Method. The kualitatif  was conducted through observation, interview, and documens. The result are two factors influencing lecturer to choose and use evaluation technic (1) the learning purpose and (2) lecturer education background.

Keywords: Evaluation Teknic, Islamic Civilazation History, Lecturer

Abstrak: Di masa kejayaan Peradaban Islam memilih teknik ujian lisan. Hasil dari evaluasi dalam dunia pendidikan merupakan upaya mengevaluasi hidup dalam menghadapi setiap cobaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran pelaksanaan teknik evaluasi pembelajaran Sejarah Peradaban Islam dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Focus penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dan memaparkan mengapa dosen pengampu pembelajaran Sejarah peradaban Islam menggunakan teknik evaluasi tertentu. Tiga aspek yang dikaji adalah bagaimana perencanaan pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran dan teknik evaluasi dalam ranah kognitif serta afektif. Temuan penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dosen pengampu mata kuliah Sejarah Peradaban Islam memilih dan menggunakan teknik evaluasi ada dua, yaitu: tujuan pembelajaran dan latar belakang pendidikan dosen. Gabungan dari dua faktor temuan itu menghasilkan pola pemilihan dan pelaksanaan teknik evaluasi pembelajaran Sejarah Peradaban Islam.

Kata kunci: Dosen, Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Teknik Evaluasi.
Uzun ve Kısa Süreli Periyotlarda Kuraklık Analizi: Bursa Örneği
Authors: BACANLI Ülker Güner , KARGI Pınar Gökçe
Published: October 2018

İnsan
yaşamında doğal afetler önemli yer alır. Kuraklık, iklimsel ve bölgesel
özelliklere bağlı olan ve tüm canlı yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen bir afettir.
Kuraklığın belirlenmesi ve gerekli tedbirlerin alınabilmesi için bölgenin ayrıntılı
analizi gerekmektedir. Araştırmacılar, kuraklığı saptamak için farklı kuraklık indislerini
kullanmışlardır. Standart Yağış İndisi (SYİ), farklı zaman ölçeklerinde
hesapların yapılabildiği ve literatürde en sık kullanılan kuraklık
indislerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Bursa ilinde uzun süreli yağış verisi
bulunan Bursa, İznik, Keleş, Mustafakemalpaşa ve Uludağ istasyonları 1969-2015
dönemi için incelenmiştir. Yağış verilerinin eğilimi olup olmadığı lineer
regresyon analiziyle belirlenmiştir. Yağış verileri standardize edilerek
gidişler analizine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak da ülkemizde ve dünyada
yaygın olarak kullanılan Standart Yağış İndisi (SYİ) yöntemi ile 1, 3, 6, 9,
12, 24 ve 48 aylık zaman periyotları için kuraklık analizi yapılmıştır. Yıllık
ve aylık yağış verilerinde önemli bir eğilim saptanmamıştır. Aralık ayında
İznik, Keleş, Uludağ istasyonları azalma eğilimi; Ekim ayında Bursa istasyonu azalma
eğilimi gösterdiği bulunmuştur. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı eğilim (%5 risk) diğer
aylarda saptanmamıştır. Standart Yağış İndisi (SYİ) analizi sonuçlarında
istasyonların kurak, normal veya sulak periyot oranları benzerlik göstermiştir.
Bununla birlikte, kısa süreli periyotlarda (3-6 ay) normal veya hafif
kuraklıklara daha sık rastlanırken, uzun süreli periyotlarda (12-24-48 ay)
şiddetli ve çok şiddetli kuraklık gözlenmiştir.
Egészség, életmód, egészségfejlesztés a felsőoktatás szemszögéből
Authors: Bárdos György , Kraiciné Szokoly Mária
Published: October 2018

Paradox módon az emberek csak akkor kezdenek törődni az egészségükkel, amikor már zavar keletkezik benne, nevezhetjük ezt „egészség-paradoxon”-nak is. Az egészség napjainkban már szinte közhelyszerűen használt fogalom, sokféle dolgot értenek alatta, mégis kevesen élnek egészségtudatosan, kevesen tesznek eleget egészségük érdekében. Ebben a cikkben körüljárjuk az egészség fogalmát, annak összetevőit, komplex szemléletét, és elemezzük az egészségfejlesztés lehetőségeit. Megközelítésünk Engel bio-pszicho-szociális modelljén alapul, és abból indul ki, hogy az egészség összetett és többdimenziós. A paradoxont segíthet feloldani, ha tudatosítjuk, hogy az egészség tényezői egyben életmódunk elemei, és hogy az egészséges életmód kialakításában az egyénnek kiemelten nagy a felelőssége. Ennek tudatosítása és kialakításának segítése az oktatás minden szintjének fontos feladata. Kiemelt szerepe van a felsőoktatásnak, hiszen az értelmiségnek, és különösen a pedagógusoknak példát kell mutatniuk, munkájukba bele kell illeszteniük az egészségnevelést. Egy, a közelmúltban befejeződött TÁMOP-program a felsőoktatás és az egészségfejlesztés kapcsolatát járta körül, és javaslatot tett az egészségtudatos felsőoktatás fejlesztésére.
Modern tanulástámogatás a sportképzésekben – innovatív rendszerelemek hatása a Gimnasztika tantárgy tanulási eredményességére
Authors: H. Ekler Judit
Published: October 2018

A felsőoktatásban is ésszerű igény az éppen aktuális hallgatói generáció tanulási jellemzőinek figyelembe vétele. Gimnasztika tantárgyban 2012-óta évente új, az Y generációhoz igazodó tanulástámogató rendszerelemek bevezetésével kutatjuk az elsajátítási eredményesség változását. A 2012–2013. tanévben, a sokoldalúan alkalmazott kooperatív tanulásszervezés szignifikánsan javította a tárgy vizsgaeredményeit a nappali tagozatos hallgatóknál. A hallgatók kurzusrészvétele aktívabbá, tudatosabbá és felelősebbé vált. A 2013–2014. tanévben többféle filmeszközzel segítettük a mozgástanulást általában, illetve a tananyagátadást és a számonkérést speciálisan. Ennek hatására elsősorban a levelező tagozatos hallgatók eredményei javultak szignifikánsan. 2013-óta, a kontaktórákon kívüli szakmai kommunikációt a Moodle kurzusfelületen bonyolítjuk. Ezen a felületen a 2014–2015. tanévben, gyakorló tesztfeladat-rendszert hoztunk létre. A gimnasztikaelmélet és a gyakorlatelemzés anyagait magába foglaló feladatokat, különösen a számonkérési időszakokban, több tízezres nagyságrendben oldják meg a hallgatók. A kérdésbank lehetőséget ad az online számonkérésre is, mely a zárthelyi dolgozat (zh) írás után azonnali visszajelzést is nyújt a hallgatóknak. Az akciókutatás valamennyi tanulástámogató eleme pozitív hatást gyakorolt a tanulási eredményességre. Tervezzük még a jövőben az Y generációra jellemző folyamatos társas interakciókat a tanulási folyamatba erőteljesebben bevonni.
A fogyatékossággal élő személyek felsőoktatáshoz történő hozzáférésének biztosítása Skóciában
Authors: Fazekas Ágnes Sarolta
Published: October 2018

A tanulmány a fogyatékosságtudomány széles és sokrétű szakterületén belül célirányosan a fogyatékossággal élő személyek felsőoktatáshoz történő hozzáférésének kérdésével foglalkozik. Bemutatja a felvetett probléma egy, az általános gyakorlattól eltérő megközelítését, megoldását egy külföldi példa, a skót gyakorlat alapján. A skóciai szakmai konzultáció bemutatása azért fontos, mert paradigmaváltásként is értelmezhető a fogyatékossággal élő személyek felsősoktatáshoz történő hozzáférése biztosításának gyakorlatában. A fő különbség az általános gyakorlathoz képest mindenekelőtt abban jelentkezik, hogy a skót gyakorlat az egyes képzési területeken előírt egészségügyi, orvosi szempontokon alapuló alkalmassági vizsgákat a hozzáférés társadalmi akadályainak tekinti. Azaz a skót törvényi változások bevezetését megelőző szakmai viták során azt a dilemmát boncolgatták, hogy vajon az alkalmassági vizsgák előírása, megkövetelése nem jelent-e hátrányos megkülönböztetést a fogyatékossággal élő személyekre nézve? A tanulmány bemutatja, hogy Skóciában specifikusan milyen előzményei voltak a törvényi változásoknak (mi generálta a törvényi változtatásokat), röviden összefoglalva, hogy miben áll az új törvényi szabályozás. Áttekintést ad arról, hogy a kapcsolódó hazai szakirodalomban milyen hasonló problémafelvetésekre került sor. A skót gyakorlat, amely hosszú társadalmi (szakmai) konzultációk során alakult ki, a felsőoktatáshoz történő hozzáférés biztosításának területén emberi jogi alapú megközelítésnek tekinthető. Ez alapvetőn különbözik az országok többségében napjainkban is általánosan követett gyakorlattól, amely ezen a területen a fogyatékossággal élők felsőoktatáshoz történő hozzáférését orvosi, egészségügyi szempontok alapján ítéli meg.
Hátrány és eredményesség?
Authors: Kovács Melinda
Published: October 2018

Szemerszki M. (2016, szerk.): Hátrányos helyzet és iskolai eredményesség. Oktatáskutató és Fejlesztő Intézet, Budapest.
An Ovarian Cancer Patient Presenting Heparin - Induced Thrombocytopenia after use of Low - Molecular - Weight Heparin: A Case Report of Rare Condition
Authors: Durmuş Yasin , Karyal Yalin Ay , Kilic Cigdem , Cakir Caner , Yuksel Dilek , Seyhan Berna , Boyraz Gokhan , Kimyon Comert Gunsu , Turan Taner
Published: October 2018

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare and life-threatening condition of exposure to heparin. A case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia due to the low molecular weight heparin was presented. Pulmonary emboli and progressively decreased number of thrombocytes developed during the low molecular weight heparin treatment. For that reason, the heparin-induced thrombocytopenia was diagnosed. The heparin was ceased and fondaparinux treatment initiated. Platelet levels returned to normal limits within six days. The delaying in diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia causes serious outcomes. The physician must be careful and keep in mind be developed of this clinical condition in patient under heparin treatment.
Anomalocardia brasiliana shellfish shells as a novel and ecofriendly adsorbent of Nylosan Brilliant Blue acid dye
Authors: de Paiva Tarsila Maíra Nogueira , Fraga Tiago José Marques , Sales Davyson Cesar S. , Carvalho Marilda Nascimento , da Motta Sobrinho Maurício Alves
Published: October 2018

Malacoculture waste (Anomalocardia brasiliana) shellfish shells (ABSS) were evaluated as adsorbents of Nylosan Brilliant Blue (NBB) acid dye. The ABSS were thermally activated at 1,000 °C for 10 h and then characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, analysis of specific surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy. Point of zero charge (PZC) analysis of ABSS verified pHPZC 13.0. The study of kinetics showed that the pseudo-second-order model fit the experimental data best and the system reached equilibrium within 5 min. Adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm and ABSS reached an outstanding maximum adsorption capacity of 405 mg·g−1 under the following optimum conditions: pH 12.4, 303 K, 450 rpm, 2.0 g of adsorbent, and 150 μm average particle size. These conditions were obtained after a previous statistical analysis of the variables. Enthalpy and Gibbs energy obtained in the thermodynamics experiments were −23.79 kJ·mol−1 and −4.07 kJ·mol−1, respectively. These parameters confirm that the process is exothermic, spontaneous, and indicative of the physical nature of the adsorption. The adsorption of NBB onto ABSS tended to be more favorable at a lower temperature. Low value of enthalpy suggested that weak binding forces, such as electrostatic interactions, govern the sorption mechanism. ABSS high availability in the environment, its low toxicity and high efficiency make it a promising ecofriendly adsorbent of textile dyes.
Efficient capture of phosphate from aqueous solution using acid activated akadama clay and mechanisms analysis
Authors: Wang Ying , He Hui , Zhang Nan , Shimizu Kazuya , Lei Zhongfang , Zhang Zhenya
Published: October 2018

In this study, akadama clay, a kind of volcano ash, was activated with sulfuric acid and then evaluated for the adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution via batch experiments. The effects of adsorbent dose, initial pH and coexisting anions on phosphate removal by natural akadama clay and acid-activated akadama clay were investigated. Based on the pH effect, the modified adsorbent could efficiently capture phosphate over a wider pH range of 3.00–6.00 than natural akadama clay. Competitive anions showed negative effects on the phosphate adsorption, especially citrate and carbonate. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the intra-particle diffusion. Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit the data better than Freundlich model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of phosphate onto the natural akadama clay and acid-activated akadama clay were 5.88 and 9.19 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, thermodynamic studies confirmed that the adsorption of acid-activated akadama clay was a spontaneous process. The mechanisms of phosphate adsorption on the clay could be ascribed to electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange. These results suggest that after modification, acid-activated akadama clay could be used as a promising adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater in real application and then further used as fertilizers.
Preparation of Cationic Lipid-coated Ultrasound Contrast Agents and Noninvasive Gene Transfection Via Ultrasound-targeted Microbubble Destruction
Authors: Yang Feng , Li Yue , Liufu Chun , Wang Yi , Chen ZhiYi
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Ultrasound contrast agents involving a therapeutic drug applied during enhanced imaging
can be used for targeted therapy. The preparation of contrast agents is a precondition and basis for the use of
multifunctional contrast agents in molecular imaging.

Methods:

This study uses thin-film hydration-mechanical vibration to carry out the preliminary preparation of a
cationic contrast agent (CCA); characterizes the particle diameter, potential, distribution, and concentration of the
agents; and optimizes the factors affecting the preparation of the agents.

Results:

This study found that thin-film hydration-mechanical vibration methods offer a better preparation effectiveness
and achieve smaller particle diameters and more even distributions, as well as give better imaging performance.
Different concentrations of CCA and plasmid and different gene transfection methods can produce
different degrees of sonoporation to achieve optimal transfection efficiency. Ultrasound parameters have a great
influence on transfection efficiency and plasmid integrity. A previous study confirmed that the ultrasound parameters
of 1 MHz, 1 W/cm2, a duty cycle controller (DC) of 20%, and irradiation for 1 min can well deliver
genes to tumor cells, with little impact on cell survival.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate that ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD)-mediated CCA
destruction facilitates gene transfection and may represent an effective gene delivery method for cervical cancer
therapy.
In Silico Design of Fusion Toxin DT389GCSF and a Comparative Study
Authors: Siahmazgi Maryam G. , Khalili Mohammad A.N. , Ahmadpour Fathollah , Khodadadi Sirus , Zeinoddini Mehdi
Published: October 2018

Background:

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have negative effects on normal tissues and they are very expensive and lengthy treatments. These disadvantages have recently attracted researchers to the new methods that specifically affect cancerous tissues and have lower damage to normal tissues. One of these methods is the use of intelligent recombinant fusion toxin. The fusion toxin DTGCSF, which consists of linked Diphtheria Toxin (DT) and Granulocyte Colony Stimulate Factor (GCSF), was first studied by Chadwick et al. in 1993 where HATPL linker provided the linking sequence between GCSF and the 486 amino acid sequences of DT.

Methods:

In this study, the fusion toxin DT389GCSF is evaluated for functional structure in silico. With the idea of the commercial fusion toxin of Ontak, the DT in this fusion protein is designed incomplete for 389 amino acids and is linked to the beginning of the GCSF cytokine via the SG4SM linker (DT389GCSF). The affinity of the DT389GCSF as a ligand with GCSF-R as receptor was compared with DT486GCSF as a ligand with GCSF-R as receptor. Both DT486GCSF and its receptor GCSF-R have been modeled by Easy Modeler2 software. Our fusion protein (DT389GCSF) and GCSF-R are modeled through Modeller software; all of the structures were confirmed by server MDWEB and VMD software. Then, the interaction studies between two proteins are done using protein-protein docking (HADDOCK 2.2 web server) for both the fusion protein in this study and DT486GCSF.

Results:

The HADDOCK results demonstrate that the interaction of DT389GCSF with GCSF-R is very different and has a more powerful interaction than DT486GCSF with GCSF-R.

Conclusion:

HADDOCK web server is operative tools for evaluation of protein–protein interactions, therefore, in silico study of DT389GCSF will help with studying the function and the structure of these molecules. Moreover, DT389GCSF may have important new therapeutic applications.
Computational Study on the Role of γ-Synuclein in Inhibiting the α-Synuclein Aggregation
Authors: Sanjeev Airy , Mattaparthi Venkata S.K.
Published: October 2018

Background:

α-Synuclein (αS) is the precursor protein present in Lewy Bodies that helps
in the formation of highly ordered amyloid fibrils that is associated with the occurrence of Parkinson’s
disease, a neuro-degenerative disorder. Many reports have now been focused on finding the
probable targets to weaken this debilitating disease. Recently γ-synuclein (γS), a presynaptic protein,
was highlighted to inhibit the aggregation propensity of αS both in vivo and in vitro. However the nature,
location and specificity of molecular interactions existing between the αS and γS is not known
in spite of the potential importance of γS as an inhibitor of αS.

Objective:

To understand the inhibition of αS aggregation by γS at the molecular level.

Methods:

Umbrella sampling method was used along with molecular dynamics simulation to investigate
the conformational dynamics, degree of association and molecular interaction between the
monomeric units in the αS/γS hetero-dimer.

Results and Discussion:

The dissociation energy barrier for αS/γS hetero-dimer was found to be higher than αS/αS homo-dimer. αS can therefore readily form a hetero-dimer by combining with γS than forming a homo-dimer. We also observed strong transient interactions involving hydrogen bonds, salt-bridges and non-bonded contacts between the monomeric units in αS/γS hetero-dimer.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that γS may inhibit the aggregation propensity of αS.
Diphtheria Immunity in Australia: Should we be Concerned?
Authors: Lu Xinting , Quinn Helen E. , Menzies Rob I. , Hueston Linda , Gilbert Lyn , McIntyre Peter B.
Published: October 2018

Objective:

We report the results of the 2007 national serological survey of immunity
to diphtheria in Australia to assess the impact of recent schedule changes on diphtheria immunity,
and the adequacy of current policy in the context of increased international travel of people and
pathogens.

Methods:

Residual sera (n =1656) collected opportunistically from Australian laboratories in 2007
were tested for diphtheria antibody levels using an enzyme immunoassay, with the protective
threshold defined as ≥0.1 IU/mL. About 40% of adults aged ≥30 years are susceptible to diphtheria;
following the removal of the 18-month booster and its replacement with a dose in adolescence
offered through school-based dTpa vaccination program, 59% of children aged 3 years were susceptible
to diphtheria, whilst adolescents demonstrated improved immunity.

Results:

There is no apparent boosting of diphtheria immunity from meningococcal group C conjugate
(MCC) or seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate (7vPCV) vaccines in relevant age groups.

Conclusion:

Australians who travel to diphtheria-endemic areas should be up-to-date with their
vaccinations. Close monitoring of population immunity levels against diphtheria remains important
to ensure that immunity does not decline to a level where wide-spread transmission would be
possible.V
Isolasi dan identifikasi Staphylococcus Epidermidis pada susu sapi PFH penderita mastitis subklinis di Wukirsari, Cangkringan, Sleman, DIY
Authors: Puspasari Ervina Ryan , Yanuartono Yanuartono - , Hartati Sri , Rahardjo Slamet , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto
Published: October 2018

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, can be occured clinically or subclinically. One of the causes of mastitis is Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study was aimed to isolate and identify Staphylococcus epidermidis in subclinical mastitis PFH dairy cows in Wukirsari, Cangkringan, Sleman, DIY. Sixteen milk samples were tested with a Californian Mastitis Test (CMT), followed by inoculation in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), planted on a blood agar plate plate (PAD) and Mac Conkey Agar (MCA) for 24 hours at 370C. The growing colonies were then grown on sugar sugar and nutrient agar (NA) media. Gram staining, catalase test, coagulase test and DNase test as bacteria confirmation.CMT test results showed 15 (93.75%) out of 16 positive milk samples suffered from subclinical mastitis. Results of isolation showed 1 (6.66%)of 16 positive samples infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis.The results of this study indicate that incidence of subclinical mastitis in the study area showed a high rate and is likely to be caused by inadequate management practices and milking procedures. The high incidence of subclinical mastitis is probably caused by other bacteria because only 6.66% is caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Pengaruh jarak transportasi terhadap biokimia darah ayam broiler
Authors: Purwadi Bagus Aji , Sarjana Teysar Adi , Murwani Retno
Published: October 2018

The objective of this research is to examine the effect of transportation distance on haemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, plasmaglucose, triglyceride and cholesterol of broilers.  Two hundred and fifty two broilers with an average body weight of 2.0 ± 0.08 kg were dividedinto transportation distance namely T1: 60 km, T2: 120 km, T3: 180 km. The data were analyzed by Anova whenthere was a significant effect Duncan test was conducted. Longer transportation distance significantly decreased plasma hemoglobin, hematocrit and triglyceride (P≤0,05), while erythrocytes, glucose and cholesterol level were not significantly affected (P>0.05).The conclusion of this study is broiler transport at a distance of 120 km has reduced hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma triglyceride levels.
Korelasi ukuran badan, volume ambing dan produksi susu kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) di Kecamatan Turi Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Febriana Dwi Nurul , Harjanti Diah Wahyu , Sambodho Priyo
Published: October 2018

The outer performance can be used for livestock selection. Body size and udder can be used to assess livestock productivity. This study aimed to determine the correlation between body size (body length, shoulder height and chest size), udder volume and milk production. The material used were 35 lactation PE goats in the lactation period of II-III and lactation month of 4-5. The analysis used was simple linear correlation regression and non-linear quadratic. The results showed that milk production and udder volume did not increase during the increasing of body length. Shoulder height with udder volume and milk production have unreal correlation. The overall calculation shows that there is no relationship between chest size, udder volume and milk production in livestock. The udder volume with milk production shows a strong correlation. In conclusion, there is no relationship between body length, shoulder height and chest size with udder volume and milk production. The correlation between udder volume and milk production is more udder volume, more milk can be produced.
Review: Peran pakan pada kejadian kembung rumen
Authors: Yanuartono Yanuartono - , Indarjulianto Sodarmanto , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Purnamaningsih Hary , Raharjo Slamet
Published: October 2018

Bloat is a form of indigestion characterized by excessive gas accumulation in the rumen. Bloat occurs when the eructation mechanism is disturbed and the rate of gas production exceeds the animal's ability to expelled it. Bloat can occur very quickly due to excessive volume of gas produced in the rumen. Bloat can be classified into a primary bloat (frothy / wet bloat) mixed with rumen and secondary bloat / free bloat (free gas / dry bloat) contents in a separate free gas. There is no single method of preventing bloat events that can be applied in every different situation, however, there are methods of management in prevention and treatment that can help minimize risks. In Indonesia, although the incidence of bloat is quite high, but no data is well documented. This paper aims to review the bloat and problems in terms of understanding the clinical symptoms and the results of laboratory examination, prevention and treatment so that it is expected to be implemented by peers and field officers to reduce the risk of loss of farmers due to possible livestock death.
Pengujian dosis larutan air garam (NaCl/Natrium Cloride) terhadap daya tetas telur itik pedaging hibrida super
Authors: Azis Rosidi Azis
Published: October 2018

Duck egg has a thicker eggshell than chicken. It is become one of the factors of embryonic death. Salt is a compound known to have corrosive properties. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of salt spraying with different dosage of hatchability of super hybrid duck eggs. The experimental design used was experimental with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments. Treatment R0 spraying using water, R1 salt water spraying with dosage 10gr / L water, R2 salt water spraying with dosage 20gr / L water, R3 salt water spraying with dosage 30gr / L water. The results of different ANOVA will be tested further using Duncan with 5% test level. The results of this study were salt spraying gave a real effect (P <0.05) on fertility, and a very significant effect (P <0.01) at hatching time, but did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) on mortality and hatchability. The conclusion of this research was salt water spraying on duck eggs could increase fertility and shorten the age of hatching.
Degradasi komponen serat serbuk gergaji hasil biokonversi jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dengan level urea berbeda
Authors: Krishaditersanto Rip
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of urea supplementation on substrate to the change percentage content of crude fibre component  of sawdust as the yield of bioconversion by Pleurotus ostreatus with 40 days incubation period. The design used was Complete Random Design (CRD) with 4 levels of urea that is P0 = sawdust substrate + 0% urea; P1 = sawdust substrate + 0.5% urea; P2 = sawdust substrate + 1% urea; P3 = sawdust substrate + 1.5% urea;and P4 = sawdust substrate + 2% urea, with 3 replicates at each treatment. The parameters observed were the change percentage content of Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. From the observation on the growth of myceliumseen on P2 is the best. The percentage decrease in the content of all fiber components in P2 is the highest. Analyzed data using analysis of variance, showed that urea supplementation had significant effect (P <0,05) to the change percentage content of Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Bioconversion of sawdust by Pleurotus ostreatus with level of urea supplementation 1% yields the highest of the change percentage content of crude fibre component.