bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Authors: Lopez Chelsea E. , Sheehan Hannah C. , Vierra David A. , Azzinaro Paul A. , Meedel Thomas H. , Howlett Niall G. , Irvine Steven Q.
Published: May 2017

Ciona intestinalis, a common sea squirt, exhibits lower reproductive success at the upper extreme of water temperatures it experiences in coastal New England. In order to understand the changes in protein expression associated with elevated temperatures, and possible response to global temperature change, we reared C. intestinalis from embryos to adults at 18°C (a temperature at which they reproduce normally at our collection site in Rhode Island) and 22°C (the upper end of the local temperature range). We then dissected ovaries from animals at each temperature, extracted protein, and measured proteomic levels using shotgun mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 1532 proteins were detected at a 1% false discovery rate present in both temperature groups by our LC-MS/MS method. 62 of those proteins are considered up or downregulated according to our statistical criteria. Principal component analysis shows a clear distinction in protein expression pattern between the control (18°C) group and high temperature (22°C) group. Similar to previous studies, cytoskeletal and chaperone proteins are upregulated in the high temperature group. Unexpectedly, we find evidence that proteolysis is downregulated at the higher temperature. We propose a working model for the high temperature response in C. intestinalis ovaries whereby increased temperature induces upregulation of signal transduction pathways involving PTPN11 and CrkL and activating coordinated changes in the proteome, especially in large lipid transport proteins, cellular stress responses, cytoskeleton, and downregulation of energy metabolism.
Sex differences in the utilization of essential and non-essential amino acids in a Lepidoptera
Authors: Levin Eran , McCue Marshall D. , Davidowitz Goggy
Published: May 2017

The different reproductive strategies of males and females underlie differences in behavior that may also lead to differences in nutrient use between the two sexes. We study sex differences in the utilization of two essential amino acids (EAAs) and one non-essential amino-acid (NEAA) by the Carolina sphinx moth (Manduca sexta). On day one post-eclosion from the pupae, adult male moths oxidized greater amounts of larval-derived AAs than females, and more nectar derived AAs after feeding. After four days of starvation the opposite pattern was observed; adult females oxidized more larval-derived AAs than males. Adult males allocated comparatively small amounts of nectar-derived amino acids to their first spermatophore, but this allocation increased substantially in the second and third spermatophores. Males allocated significantly more adult derived AAs to their flight muscle than females. These outcomes indicate that adult male and female moths employ different strategies for allocation and oxidation of dietary AAs.
Ceramide counteracts the effects of ghrelin on the metabolic control of food intake in rainbow trout
Authors: Velasco Cristina , Moreiras Guillermo , Conde-Sieira Marta , Leao José M. , Míguez Jesús M. , Soengas José L.
Published: May 2017

In mammals ceramides are involved in the modulation of the orexigenic effects of ghrelin (GHRL). We previously demonstrated in rainbow trout that intracerebroventricular (ICV) treatment with ceramide (2.5 µg/100g fish) resulted in an anorexigenic response, i.e. a response opposed to that described in mammals where ceramide treatment is orexigenic. Therefore, we hypothesize that the putative interaction between GHRL and ceramide must be different in fish. Accordingly, in a first experiment we observed that ceramide levels in hypothalamus of rainbow trout did not change after ICV treatment with GHRL. In a second experiment, we assessed if the effects of GHRL treatment on regulation of food intake in rainbow trout changed in the presence of ceramide. Thus, we injected ICV GHRL and ceramide alone or in combination to evaluate in hypothalamus and hindbrain changes in parameters related to metabolic control of food intake. The presence of ceramide generally counteracted the effects elicited by GHRL on fatty acid sensing systems, the capacity of integrative sensors (AMPK, mTOR, and SIRT-1), proteins involved in cellular signaling pathways (Akt and FoxO1), and neuropeptides involved in the regulation of food intake (AgRP, NPY, POMC, and CART). The results are discussed in the context of regulation of food intake by metabolic and endocrine inputs.
Not Missing the Future: A Call to Action for Investigating the Role of Regenerative Medicine Therapies in Pediatric/Adolescent Sports Injuries
Authors: Best Thomas M. , Caplan Arnold , Coleman Michael , Goodrich Laurie , Hurd Jason , Kaplan Lee D. , Noonan Ben , Schoettle Philip , Scott Christopher , Stiene Henry , Huard Johnny
Published: May 2017

In August 2016, a group including sport medicine clinicians, researchers, and a bioethicist met in Vail, Colorado to discuss regenerative medicine and its potential role in youth sports injuries. There was consensus that a call to action is urgently needed to understand the current evidence base, the risks and rewards, and future directions of research and clinical practice for regenerative medicine therapies in youth sports. We present here a summary of our meeting, which was supported by the National Youth Sports Health and Safety Institute (NYSHSI), a partnership between the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and Sanford Health. The group’s goal is to educate practitioners and the public, and to pioneer a means of accumulating meaningful clinical data on regenerative medicine therapies in pediatric and adolescent athletes.
Role of Computed Tomography (CT) in Localisation and Characterisation of Suprahyoid Neck Masses
Authors: Kaur Rashmeet , Singh Paramdeep , Kaur Navkiran , Bhatnagar Simmi , Dahuja Anshul
Published: May 2017

Background: Suprahyoid neck lesions are difficult to assess only by means of clinical inspection and therefore imaging techniques are required to precisely evaluate suprahyoid neck spaces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distinctive role of computed tomography in the assessment of anatomical source and pathological type of masses involving the suprahyoid neck spaces.

Material/Methods: Sixty patients presenting with suprahyoid neck masses underwent computed tomography of the neck. The CT findings were correlated with histopathological findings and a final diagnosis was made.

Results: Overall, male preponderance was seen except in the case of parotid space lesions where female predominance was seen. The most common aetiology was squamous cell carcinoma and the majority of cases (30%) were seen in patients aged 41–50 years. The majority of lesions were found in the pharyngeal mucosal space (n=16) with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common pathology. In the parotid space, pleomorphic adenoma and in the prestyloid parapharyngeal space, squamous cell carcinoma were the most common lesions, respectively. In the retropharyngeal space, an equal incidence of malignant and inflammatory aetiologies was seen. Abscesses were the most common lesions in the prevertebral space. The pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumour and was also the second most common tumour in the suprahyoid neck spaces. CT had an excellent correlation with histopathological findings with sensitivity of 96.4%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 91.67%.

Conclusions: Computed tomography definitely has a major role to play in the evaluation of suprahyoid neck masses as it has an excellent correlation with post-operative histopathological diagnosis.
A survey of working conditions within biomedical research in the United Kingdom
Authors: Riddiford Nick
Published: May 2017

Background: Many recent articles have presented a bleak view of career prospects in biomedical research in the US. Too many PhDs and postdocs are trained for too few research positions, creating a “holding-tank” of experienced senior postdocs who are unable to get a permanent position. Coupled with relatively low salaries and high levels of pressure to publish in top-tier academic journals, this has created a toxic environment that is perhaps responsible for a recently observed decline in biomedical postdocs in the US, the so-called “postdocalypse”.

Methods: In order to address the gulf of information relating to working habits and attitudes of UK-based biomedical researchers, a link to an online survey was included in an article published in the Guardian newspaper. Survey data were collected between 21 st March 2016 and 6 th November 2016 and analysed to examine discrete profiles for three major career stages: the PhD, the postdoc and the principal investigator.

Results: Overall, the data presented here echo trends observed in the US: The 520 UK-based biomedical researchers responding to the survey reported feeling disillusioned with academic research, due to the low chance of getting a permanent position and the long hours required at the bench. Also like the US, large numbers of researchers at each distinct career stage are considering leaving biomedical research altogether.

Conclusions: There are several systemic flaws in the academic scientific research machine – for example the continual overproduction of PhDs and the lack of stability in the early-mid stages of a research career - that are slowly being addressed in countries such as the US and Germany. These data suggest that similar flaws also exist in the UK, with a large proportion of respondents concerned about their future in research. To avoid lasting damage to the biomedical research agenda in the UK, addressing such concerns should be a major priority.
The nutritional contribution of grass to the equine diet
Authors: Mitchell Briony
Published: May 2017

Briony Mitchell MSc (Hons) RNutr discusses how grassland has evolved and the affect modern improved pasture has on the well-being of our horses
Breeding the older mare
Authors: Watson Rebecca
Published: May 2017

Rebecca Watson, MSc, RVN discusses factors that can influence fertility
What can dyslexic paramedic students teach us about mentoring? A case study
Authors: Lavender Rachael JB
Published: May 2017

The context or background for the study:

This paper was written following a critical analysis and structured reflection on mentoring and teaching a dyslexic paramedic student including approaching from personal experience as well as identifying a gap in research. The purpose of this study was to discover what paramedic mentors can do to improve their interactions with dyslexic stu-dents.

Basic procedures:

Following the experience of teaching one student, to work on this definition of dyslexia: “difficulties in processing, particularly literacy and the acquisition of reading, writing and spelling’.”; Using an analytical method – qualitative and reflective.

Main findings:

Inclusive learning helps to fight stigma while improving education for all whether they dis-close dyslexia or not. There are many steps that can be taken by mentors to support stu-dents, including allowing time to think/to practise and support with organising.

Conclusions:

Inclusive learning benefits all students, not just students with dyslexia. Students do not legally have to disclose a dyslexia diagnosis, so, introducing inclusive learning for all students using accessible and practical learning could benefit more students.
Impact of diet and fertility on greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen efficiency of milk production
Authors: Wilkinson JM , Garnsworthy PC
Published: May 2017

Nutrition affects the environmental impact of milk production through its direct influence on enteric fermentation and excretion of undigested and excess nutrients, especially nitrogenous compounds, in manure and its indirect influence on daily level of milk output per cow and fertility. The higher the level of milk production and fertility, the lower the emissions intensity, or carbon footprint, of a dairy herd. Increasing feed efficiency reduces greenhouse gas emissions per litre of milk because emissions are spread over higher product output per cow. Nitrogen use efficiency and cow fertility can be increased and diet carbon footprint reduced by altering diet formulation to utilise by-product raw material feeds of low carbon footprint.
Footrot in sheep: key messages from recent research
Authors: Clifton Rachel , Green Laura
Published: May 2017

Evidence from recent research suggests that prompt treatment of footrot with injectable and topical antibiotic is key to reducing the prevalence of lameness. In addition, routine foot trimming should be avoided. Trimming increases the prevalence of lameness because of damage to sensitive tissue and careful trimming that avoids damage to sensitive tissue, almost impossible under normal farm conditions, is not of benefit; it does not reduce the prevalence of lameness. On farms where these measures are put into practice, the prevalence of lameness falls to and remains below 2%. More farmers are adopting these recommendations, and there has been a reduction in the flock prevalence of lameness from 10% to 5% between 2004 and 2013.
Management of rheumatoid arthritis in primary care
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: May 2017

Practice nurses will often care for patients taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs once their inflammatory disease has stabilised. Margaret Perry describes the drug treatment options and the ongoing monitoring this group of patients requires
Sports activities after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Krismer Martin
Published: May 2017

Performing sports after total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be associated with a risk of Trauma (fracture and dislocation) Shorter implant survival There is no proof that trauma occurs more often than in healthy individuals, but sequelae may be more severe. Shorter implant survival due to repetitive high contact forces is a fact, due to increased wear. The 15 year survival in highly active patients seems to be around 80%. Surgeons can address the needs of active patients by using bearings with low wear rates, and femoral heads up to 36 mm in diameter. The data provided in this review may help to fully inform active patients of the risks. The patient has to balance the pros and cons of sports after THA and to decide the best way for themselves.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160059. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Tips and tricks for using the internet for professional purposes
Authors: Ceylan Hasan Huseyin , Güngören Nurdan , Küçükdurmaz Fatih
Published: May 2017

Online resources provide access to large amounts of information which is expanding every day. Using search engines for reaching the relevant, updated and complete literature that is indexed in various bibliographical databases has already become part of the medical professionals’ everyday life. However, most researchers often fail to conduct a efficient literature search on the internet. The right techniques in literature search save time and improve the quality of the retrieved data. Efficient literature search is not a talent but a learnable skill, which should be a formal part of medical education. This review briefly outlines the commonly used bibliographic databases, namely Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL and Google Scholar. Also the definition of grey literature and its features are summarised.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160066. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Segmented journeys, fragmented lives: women’s forced migration to escape domestic violence
Authors: Bowstead Janet Christine
Published: May 2017

Women's journeys to escape domestic violence can be understood as an active strategy to achieve safety and as forced migration during which women experience force from the abuser and the impact of agencies and authorities. This article explores the diverse trajectories of individual women's journeys from abuse, drawing on a mixed methods research project within the UK. It involved analysis and mapping of six years of administrative data from housing-related support services, interviews with 20 women in seven locations in the Midlands, Southern England and London, groupwork with nine women in the Midlands and South Coast, surveys with 34 women in domestic violence services and on 267 calls to the National Domestic Violence Helpline, and interviews with workers in services in eight locations. Drawing on 20 women's narratives and journey graphs over time and distance, it presents details of three women's journeys to illustrate how complex, segmented journeys are often made more fragmented by aspects of policy and practice. More effective responses could mean that women and children only make the journeys that are strictly necessary, and are more smoothly and swiftly able to move to where they can settle and rebuild their fragmented lives.
Adorned in dreams
Authors: Skjold Else
Published: May 2017

In this article, I investigate the wardrobe as a possible explanatory framework and methodology for studying and analysing the relationship between people and what they wear. Since I have previously elaborated on the human–object–time relationship in my concept of the biographical wardrobe (Skjold 2016), here I wish to elaborate on the human–object–space relationship. This implicates decoding and analysing the kinds of stylistic references people make use of when they build up their personal collection of garments and accessories in their wardrobes over a lifetime, and what these references carry with them in the form of institutionalized rituals, institutions, values and practices that the individual co-creates and reproduces. Based on this, I end up concluding how the discourse of fashion – as a set of values, practices and driving institutionalized rituals – cannot explain fully what goes on when people dress. Instead, I point to some coexisting discourses that I found to be represented in the wardrobes of my informants as carriers of alternative or even contradictory values and practices.
At work with Pina Pausch: An interview with Dominique Mercy
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri
Published: May 2017

Dominique Mercy first met Pina Bausch in the United States at a summer academy organized by the choreographer Paul Sanasardo. Telling of his experience of the New York dance scene in the beginning of the 70s, and how he perceived it as differing from both living as well as dancing in Europe, he moves on to provide a detailed account of the development of Pina Bausch’s questioning method.
On the wings of imagination: The 8th Biennial of puppetry artists of Slovenia
Authors: Petrović Marijana
Published: May 2017

The article covers the events at the 8th Biennial of Puppetry Artists of Slovenia, which took place in 2015 in Maribor. It points out the productions that attracted young spectators with fresh minimalism (Turlututu) and an inventive participatory principle (In the Land of Finger Puppets and Heart and Bellybutton). Freaks, a puppet musical for grownups by Rok Vilčnik and Bojan Labović and A Little Lamp, Pea and Feather, a performance for the youngest audiences directed by Katja Povše, are characterized as especially original works. Also, The Grand Prix went to Timescope by Matija Solce, who also received the award for best directing for his work on it.
A seeker of a break-through, original, unbending stance
Authors: Janša Janez , Milohnić Aldo
Published: May 2017

Damir Domitrović (1963–2016) was an important figure in the Slovenian cultural happening of the last 30 years and was, among other things, the initiator of the Ex Ponto International Theatre Festival and a co-founder of the NETA network. His rich cultural work was devoted especially to the reestablishment of cultural ties across the borders severed in the last wars in the Balkans.
Reviews
Authors: Schaefer Claudia , Schuessler Michael K. , McAleer Paul , Davies Ann , Rodríguez Paul A. Schroeder
Published: May 2017

Motherhood in Mexican Cinema, 1941–1991: The T ransformation of Femininity on Screen, Isabel Arredondo (2013) Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 222 pp., ISBN: 9780786468041, p/bk, $45.00; eISBN: 9781476602387

Making Cinelandia: American Films and Mexican Film Culture before the Golden Age, Laura Isabel Serna (2014) Durham and London: Duke University Press, 317 pp., 46 illustrations, 3 maps, ISBN: 9780822356530, p/bk, $27.95

Humor in Latin American Cinema, Juana Suárez and Juan Poblete (eds) (2016) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, xi + 279 pp., ISBN: 9781137549457, h/bk, £63

Basque Cinema: A Cultural and Political History, Rob S tone and María Pilar Rodríguez (2015) London: I.B. Tauris, 249 pp., ISBN: 9781780769820, h/bk, £59.50

The Classical Mexican Cinema: The Poetics of the Exceptional Golden Age Films, Charles Ramírez Berg (2015) Austin: University of Texas Press, 240 pp., ISBN: 9781477308059, p/bk, $24.95
The blind gaze: Visual impairment and haptic filmmaking in João Júlio Antunes’ O jogo/The Game (2010)
Authors: Ledesma Eduardo
Published: May 2017

This article contrasts two works that engage the concept of blind filmmaking. Woody Allen’s dramatized portrayal of a blind director in Hollywood Ending (2002) displays ableist attitudes in both its form and content. João Júlio Antunes’ O jogo/The Game (2010) exemplifies how cinema by a blind director might differ from sighted filmmaking through its formal characteristics and in its representation of disability. Analysing these films elicits significant critical questions: can there be a ‘blind’ cinematic style? If so, how might ‘blind cinema’ augment the sensory experience of both sighted and non-sighted spectators? Antunes expands his film into a multi-sensory experience that seeks to defamiliarize by deploying a ‘tactile visuality’, as first described by film theorist Laura Marks. The article proposes a shift towards a tactile way of seeing – a ‘blind gaze’ – and advocates for more inclusive filmmaking.
Kabbala und religiöse Identität
Authors: Bauer Nicole Maria
Published: May 2017

Trotz fortschreitender Säkularisierung sind neue religiöse Gruppen sehr erfolgreich und ziehen durch verschiedene Marketing-Strategien jährlich hunderte von Menschen an. Was genau macht ihre Attraktion aus? Eine Antwort darauf gibt Nicole Maria Bauers religionswissenschaftliche Analyse des »Kabbalah Centre«, einer Ende der 1960er Jahre in den USA gegründeten neureligiösen Bewegung, die seit einigen Jahren auch in Deutschland vertreten ist und der sich Menschen aus unterschiedlichen religiösen Kontexten anschließen. Die transdisziplinäre Studie beleuchtet die Konstruktion religiöser Identität auf institutioneller und personaler Ebene und entwirft einen neuen Ansatz für deren Untersuchung. Dabei werden auch aktuelle Trends wie etwa die Frage nach »Religious Branding« aufgegriffen und mit neueren Ansätzen aus der Identitätsforschung verknüpft.
Caste and Equality
Authors: Stocker Stephanie
Published: May 2017

Caste hierarchy has frequently been singled out as the overriding principle of Indian society. This book examines its significance among the highly-educated middle class in the Tamil town of Madurai. As part of their distinctive status as `educated persons', young graduates form egalitarian constellations by ostensibly subverting the boundaries inscribed by caste hierarchy. Stephanie Stocker explores how these friendships are maintained in wider social contexts, finding that the actors engage in supportive networks throughout career and marriage events. Instead of assuming these relationships to be of an entirely different, `alternative category', however, Stocker's study proposes a dynamic character of friendship which in fact remains in conjunction with Indian values of hierarchy.
Digitale Diskussionen
Authors: Zimmermann Tobias
Published: May 2017

Politische Meinungsbildung, Protest oder Selbstdarstellung? Politische Expression im Web ist gegenwärtig in aller Munde und beschäftigt Medien, Politik, Justiz und Öffentlichkeit gleichermaßen. Tobias Zimmermann beleuchtet mit dem Online-Leserkommentar einen der quantitativ bedeutsamsten und kontroversesten Kanäle politischen Ausdrucks im Internet und lotet so politikwissenschaftliches Neuland aus. Aufbauend auf Jürgen Habermas' deliberativer Demokratietheorie schlägt er dabei eine Brücke zwischen normativer Erwartungshaltung und empirischer Realität.
Medienästhetik des Schattens
Authors: Tillmanns Kathrin
Published: May 2017

Der menschliche Schatten im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit - Grundlage der Untersuchung von Kathrin Tillmanns bildet die artifizielle Präsenz des Schattens in ausgewählten Artefakten der visuellen und performativen Künste des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts. Ihr Fokus richtet sich auf künstlerische Formen des Ausdrucks innerhalb der Bereiche Fotografie, Video, Tanz und Relational Architecture. Die Studie zeigt, dass der Schatten des menschlichen Körpers nicht mehr einzig als ästhetische, poetische Erscheinung zu fassen ist, sondern vielmehr als Teil eines Gefüges, welches zwischen medientechnologischen Ästhetisierungen, sozialen Verhaltensweisen und nicht zuletzt der Glaubwürdigkeit möglicher Bilder diffundiert.
Design Thinking und der neue Geist des Kapitalismus
Authors: Seitz Tim
Published: May 2017

»Design Thinking« gilt als universell anwendbares Problemlösungskonzept. Durch ein emphatisches Vorgehen sollen Waren und Dienstleistungen entstehen, die wahre Bedürfnisse stillen. Damit ist das Selbstverständnis verbunden, die Welt zu verändern. Tim Seitz war als Ethnograph in der Welt einer Berliner Innovationsagentur, wo er mit Wissenspraktiken und Transformationsversprechen gleichermaßen konfrontiert wurde. Er analysiert das Verhältnis dieser Praktiken und Diskurse und kommt in einer theoretischen Suchbewegung von der Praxistheorie zum Pragmatismus. »Design Thinking« wird so als Phänomen der Gegenwart und als Kind des neuen Geistes des Kapitalismus verstehbar.
Behinderung als Praxis
Authors: Trescher Hendrik
Published: May 2017

Welche Alltagspraxen führen dazu, dass sich behinderte Identitäten ausbilden? Durch die Dokumentation der 16 Lebensgeschichten und -entwürfe von Menschen mit ›geistiger Behinderung‹ geht Hendrik Trescher der Frage nach, wie diese ihren Alltag erfahren. Er legt dar, wie diese Menschen in ihrem Lebenslauf immer wieder an Diskursteilhabebarrieren stoßen und so letztlich behindert werden. Wie komplex und gleichsam radikal wirkmächtig solche Barrieren sein können, zeigt er u.a. durch Aufdecken der Zusammenhänge zwischen Behinderung und der Funktionslogik von Hilfestrukturen, die - häufig auch in ihrer Ausprägung als pädagogische Protektorate - letztlich selbst behindernd wirken.
Understanding workers, developing effective tasks, and enhancing marketplace dynamics
Authors: Jain Ayush , Sarma Akash Das , Parameswaran Aditya , Widom Jennifer
Published: May 2017

We conduct an experimental analysis of a dataset comprising over 27 million microtasks performed by over 70,000 workers issued to a large crowdsourcing marketplace between 2012--2016. Using this data---never before analyzed in an academic context---we shed light on three crucial aspects of crowdsourcing: (1) Task design---helping requesters understand what constitutes an effective task, and how to go about designing one; (2) Marketplace dynamics --- helping marketplace administrators and designers understand the interaction between tasks and workers, and the corresponding marketplace load; and (3) Worker behavior --- understanding worker attention spans, lifetimes, and general behavior, for the improvement of the crowdsourcing ecosystem as a whole.
Cümülön-D
Authors: Huang Botong , Yang Jun
Published: May 2017

We present a system called Cümülön-D for matrix-based data analysis in a
spot market
of a public cloud. Prices in such markets fluctuate over time: while users can acquire machines usually at a very low bid price, the cloud can terminate these machines as soon as the market price exceeds their bid price. The distinguishing features of Cümülön-D include its continuous, proactive adaptation to the changing market, and its ability to quantify and control the monetary risk involved in paying for a workflow execution. We solve the dynamic optimization problem in a principled manner with a Markov decision process, and account for practical details that are often ignored previously but nonetheless important to performance. We evaluate Cümülön-D's effectiveness and advantages over previous approaches with experiments on Amazon EC2.
Lower semicontinuity of mass under C0{C^{0}} convergence and Huisken’s isoperimetric mass
Authors: Jauregui Jeffrey L. , Lee Dan A.
Published: May 2017

Given a sequence of asymptotically flat 3-manifolds of nonnegative scalar curvature with outermost minimal boundary, converging in the pointedC0{C^{0}}Cheeger–Gromov sense to an asymptotically flat limit space, we show that the total mass of the limit is bounded above by the liminf of the total masses of the sequence. In other words, total mass is lower semicontinuous under such convergence. In order to prove this, we use Huisken’s isoperimetric mass concept, together with a modified weak mean curvature flow argument. We include a brief discussion of Huisken’s work before explaining our extension of that work. The results are all specific to three dimensions.
Caspar David Friedrich, Ancient Rome and the Freiheitskrieg
Authors: Warren Richard
Published: May 2017

This article considers four paintings by Caspar David Friedrich of a national romanticist nature. It examines the role of Rome and Germania’s ancient conflict in these, and briefly considers what may have influenced the artist’s national take on ancient history, including his personal experience of the Napoleonic invasions of his homeland. Friedrich’s transformations of the ancient in his national paintings are an important example of the reception of classical literature in German romanticism.
The Functional Properties of Chokeberry and Kale Powders Obtained by an Innovative Method of Fluidised-Bed Jet Milling with Drying Compared to Freeze Drying
Authors: Sadowska Anna , Świderski Franciszek , Rakowska Rita , Hallmann Ewelina
Published: May 2017

The study evaluated the functional properties of chokeberry and kale powders obtained by the fluidised-bed jet milling with drying (FJMD) method compared to the freeze-drying (FD) method. The powders obtained by the FJMD method were characterised by low water activity (<0.3), vitamins C content of 320.2 mg/100 g d.m. for kale powder, total content of polyphenols of 1864.2 mg/100 g d.m. for chokeberry powder, antioxidant activity of 37.0 and 27.6 mmol Trolox/g d.m for chokeberry and kale powders respectively and sensory quality similar to raw material. The high content of vitamin C in the kale powder indicates the desirability of its greater use as a natural source of this vitamin. The properties of FJMD powders were similar to the functional properties of the FD powders, which indicate that the FJMD method can be very competitive as compared to FD method.
Effect of Maltodextrin on Physical Properties of Granulated Xanthan Gum Prepared by Fluidized-Bed Granulator
Authors: Kim Yong-Hwan , Kim Sung-Gun , Yoo Byoungseung
Published: May 2017

Fluidized-bed granulation has received considerable attention within the food process industry because granulated products often have improved flowability and appearance, and sometimes have specifically enhanced physical properties. In this study, the rheological properties of granulated xanthan gum (XG), commonly used as a main ingredient in food thickeners for dysphagia diets, were investigated at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 % w/w) of maltodextrin (MD) as a binder at different concentrations. Flowability and cohesiveness of granulated XG powder was also evaluated in terms of as Carr index (CI) and Hausner ratio (HR) were also investigated. The consistency index, apparent viscosity, storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G”) of granulated XG were significantly higher than those of non-granulated XG and granulated XG without binder (0 % MD). The tan δ values of granulated samples were lower compared with that of a non-granulated sample, indicating that their elastic properties were more pronounced because of the granulation. These rheological results also showed that there were no noticeable changes in flow properties between 0 % and 5 % MD concentrations, whereas the G’ and G” values at 10 % MD were much higher than those at other concentrations. The granulation process by MD binder also enhanced considerably flow characteristics of XG powder.
Numerical Simulation of Free Surface and Flow Field Turbulence in a Circular Channel with the Side Weir in Subcritical Flow
Authors: Azimi Hamed , Shabanlou Saeid
Published: May 2017

When flow surface is higher than of a side weir crest, the overflow spilt over the crest and divert into a side channel. These structures are extensively used in urban sewage disposal networks, water supply systems, and drainage and flood diversion networks. This study simulates stream free surface, discharge over a sharp-crest side weir, and discharge coefficient of a side weir in a circular channel using FLOW-3D software. Numerical model results were compared with the experimental ones and the comparison proved an acceptable consistency between the numerical and experimental results. RNG k-ε turbulence model was used for simulating flow turbulence. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used in this CFD analysis for predicting changes of flow free surface. Then, the numerical simulation results were examined for discharge coefficient of the side weir and flow free surface for different discharge passing through the main channel. The changes of dividing stream surface from main channel bed toward stream free surface were examined. The concluding section assessed the effect of shape of a circular channel on the pattern and intensity of a secondary flow in the main channel and the impacts of the discharge passing through the circular channel on height of stagnation point and shear stress pattern in the main channel bed.
The Trans-Pacific Partnership and Japan’s Agricultural Trade
Authors: Schmitz Andrew , Zhu Manhong , Zilberman David
Published: May 2017

The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) was concluded on October 5, 2015, by twelve countries that include the United States, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam. Under the TPPA, Japan will partially liberalize its five politically sensitive agricultural subsectors: (1) rice, (2) beef and pork, (3) wheat and barley, (4) sugar, and (5) dairy, none of which contain any genetically modified (GM) content. Under full liberalization, Japanese producers in these subsectors will lose (e. g., rice producers will lose over $6 billion and beef producers will lose over $2 billion). Excluding butter, the trade impact of the TPPA on the Japanese government will be negative because of tariff and resale-revenue losses. Our empirical results provide the full effects of complete trade liberalization. However, because the TPPA negotiations of 2015 resulted in only partial trade liberalization, our results can be easily modified to deal with the degree to which trade distortions are removed for each of the above agricultural subsectors. In terms of producers who lose from trade liberalization, the Japanese government will provide compensation.
Effect of ginseng therapy on diabetes and its chronic complications: lessons learned
Authors: Chakrabarti Subrata , Sen Subhrojit , Lui Edmund
Published: May 2017

Ginseng played a significant role in the management of diabetes in China and in other Asian countries for a long period of time. It has a large number of pharmacological properties and is relatively free from adverse effects. As a part of Ontario Ginseng Research and Innovation Consortium, we investigated the effects of ginseng extract on diabetes and its complications. We demonstrated large number of beneficial effects of ginseng therapy and showed that these effects are possibly mediated through its antioxidant properties. Thus ginseng may lend itself as a relatively safe and inexpensive adjuvant treatment for diabetes and chronic diabetic complications.
Inferring regional vertical crustal velocities from averaged relative sea level trends: A proof of concept
Authors: Bâki Iz H. , Shum C. K. , Zhang C. , Kuo C. Y.
Published: May 2017

This study demonstrates that relative sea level trends calculated from long-term tide gauge records can be used to estimate relative vertical crustal velocities in a region with high accuracy. A comparison of the weighted averages of the relative sea level trends estimated at six tide gauge stations in two clusters along the Eastern coast of United States, in Florida and in Maryland, reveals a statistically significant regional vertical crustal motion of Maryland with respect to Florida with a subsidence rate of −1.15±0.15 mm/yr identified predominantly due to the ongoing glacial isostatic adjustment process. The estimate is a consilience value to validate vertical crustal velocities calculated from GPS time series as well as towards constraining predictive GIA models in these regions.
Some new facts about group 𝒢 generated by the family of convergent permutations
Authors: Wituła Roman , Hetmaniok Edyta , Słota Damian
Published: May 2017

The aim of this paper is to present some new and essential facts about group 𝒢 generated by the family of convergent permutations, i.e. the permutations on ℕ preserving the convergence of series of real terms. We prove that there exist permutations preserving the sum of series which do not belong to 𝒢. Additionally, we show that there exists a familyG(possessing the cardinality equal to continuum) of groups of permutations on ℕ such that each one of these groups is different than 𝒢 and is composed only from the permutations preserving the sum of series. This result substantially strengthens some old Pleasants’ result.
Osculating curves in 4-dimensional semi-Euclidean space with index 2
Authors: İlarslan Kazim , Kiliç Nihal , Erdem Hatice Altin
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for non-null curves with non-null normals in 4-dimensional Semi-Euclidian space with indeks 2 to be osculating curves. Also we give some examples of non-null osculating curves in

$\mathbb{E}_{2}^{4}$ .
lnfinitely many solutions for fractional Schrödinger equations with perturbation via variational methods
Authors: Li Peiluan , Shang Youlin
Published: May 2017

Using variational methods, we investigate the solutions of a class of fractional Schrödinger equations with perturbation. The existence criteria of infinitely many solutions are established by symmetric mountain pass theorem, which extend the results in the related study. An example is also given to illustrate our results.
Crystal structure of monoaqua-[6,6′-((1E,1′E)-(1,2-phenylene bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(4-bromo-2-nitrophenolato-κ4
N,N′,O,O′)]zinc(II), C20H12Br2N4O7Zn
Authors: Hong Yong , Xu Shijuan , Liu Wei
Published: May 2017

C20H12Br2N4O7Zn, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 22.593(7) Å, b = 7.220(2) Å, c = 26.225(8) Å, V = 4278(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0757, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1666, T = 298 K.
How to Build a Supervised Autonomous System for Robot-Enhanced Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Esteban Pablo G. , Baxter Paul , Belpaeme Tony , Billing Erik , Cai Haibin , Cao Hoang-Long , Coeckelbergh Mark , Costescu Cristina , David Daniel , De Beir Albert , Fang Yinfeng , Ju Zhaojie , Kennedy James , Liu Honghai , Mazel Alexandre , Pandey Amit , Richardson Kathleen , Senft Emmanuel , Thill Serge , Van de Perre Greet , Vanderborght Bram , Vernon David , Yu Hui , Ziemke Tom
Published: May 2017

Robot-Assisted Therapy (RAT) has successfully been used to improve social skills in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) through remote control of the robot in so-called Wizard of Oz (WoZ) paradigms.However, there is a need to increase the autonomy of the robot both to lighten the burden on human therapists (who have to remain in control and, importantly, supervise the robot) and to provide a consistent therapeutic experience. This paper seeks to provide insight into increasing the autonomy level of social robots in therapy to move beyond WoZ. With the final aim of improved human-human social interaction for the children, this multidisciplinary research seeks to facilitate the use of social robots as tools in clinical situations by addressing the challenge of increasing robot autonomy.We introduce the clinical framework in which the developments are tested, alongside initial data obtained from patients in a first phase of the project using a WoZ set-up mimicking the targeted supervised-autonomy behaviour. We further describe the implemented system architecture capable of providing the robot with supervised autonomy.
The distribution of random motion at non-constant velocity in semi-Markov media
Authors: Pogorui Anatoliy , Rodríguez-Dagnino Ramón M.
Published: May 2017

This paper deals with random motion at non-constant speed with uniformly distributed directions where the direction alternations occur according to renewal epochs of general distribution. We derive the renewal equation for the characteristic function of the transition density of the multidimensional motion. By using the renewal equation, we study the behavior of the transition density near the sphere of its singularity for the two- and four-dimensional cases and variable velocity, and the three-dimensional case for constant velocity.
As examples, we have derived the distribution for one-, two- and three-dimensional random motion.
Itô formula for mild solutions of SPDEs with Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise and applications to stability properties
Authors: Albeverio Sergio , Gawarecki Leszek , Mandrekar Vidyadhar , Rüdiger Barbara , Sarkar Barun
Published: May 2017

We use the Yosida approximation to find an Itô formula for mild solutions

{

X
x

⁢

(
t
)

,
t

≥
0

}

{\{X^{x}(t),t\geq 0\}}

of SPDEs with Gaussian and non-Gaussian colored noise, with the non-Gaussian noise being defined through a compensated Poisson random measure associated to a Lévy process.
The functions to which we apply such Itô formula are in

C

1
,
2

⁢

(

[
0
,
T
]

×
H

)

{C^{1,2}([0,T]\times H)}

, as in the case considered for SDEs in [15].
Using this Itô formula, we prove exponential stability and exponential ultimate boundedness properties, in the mean square sense, for mild solutions.
We also compare this Itô formula to an Itô formula for mild solutions introduced by Ichikawa in [12], and an Itô formula written in terms of the semigroup of the drift operator [5], which we extend to the non-Gaussian case.
Residuation in orthomodular lattices
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut
Published: May 2017

We show that every idempotent weakly divisible residuated lattice satisfying the double negation law can be transformed into an orthomodular lattice. The converse holds if adjointness is replaced by conditional adjointness. Moreover, we show that every positive right residuated lattice satisfying the double negation law and two further simple identities can be converted into an orthomodular lattice. In this case, also the converse statement is true and the corresponence is nearly one-to-one.
The Transformation of Kosovar Holidays between Socialism, War and Migration. A Biographical Approach
Authors: Pagenstecher Cord
Published: May 2017

This paper studies the transformative character of tourism and travel for a small, but multi-facetted example: Kosovo is a post-socialist transformation society and a post-war country in the process of nation building, a developing country within Europe and a transnational migration society. With quantitative data being unreliable in such contexts, an exemplary, biographical study allows an analysis of cross-system transformations and continuities. Based on narrative interviews, the paper studies travel patterns and narratives of an Albanian woman (anonymized here as Zana Bajrami) from socialist rural Yugoslavia in the 1970s to migratory Europe in the 2000s. After a general introduction, the paper considers public and private tourism in Yugoslavia first, before focusing on the impact of migration on tourist behavior. In trying to contextualize an individual example, it also explores the potential of a biographical approach in tourism research.
RhCd9+δ(−1.18≤δ≤0.29) a γ-brass related cubic giant cell structure
Authors: Jana Partha Pratim
Published: May 2017

The compound RhCd9+δ(−1.18≤δ≤0.29) has been synthesized and the average structure has been analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The average structure crystallizes in the face centered cubic space groupF4̅3m(216) and contains ~405 atoms/unit cell. It represents a (2aγ)3-superstructure of cubic γ-brass and is isostructural to Rh7−xMg44+x. The comparison between the structures of RhCd9+δand Rh7−xMg44+xhas been presented using a layer description. The structure of the title phase has also been described by a “cluster” concept. The electronic structure of RhCd9+δ(−1.18≤δ≤0.29) shows that the phase is stabilized by a Hume-Rothery mechanism.
Mechanical, Dynamical and Thermodynamic Properties of Al-3wt%Mg from First Principles
Authors: Yang Rong , Tang Bin , Gao Tao
Published: May 2017

The mechanical, dynamical and thermodynamic properties of Al-3wt%Mg have been investigated using the first-principles method. The calculated structural parameter is in good agreement with previous works. Results for the elastic modulus, stress-strain relationships, ideal tensile and shear strengths are presented. Al-3wt%Mg is found to have larger moduli and higher strengths than Al, which is consistent with its exploitation in Al precipitate-hardening mechanisms. The partial density of states (PDOS) show that the partly covalent-like bonding through Al p-Mg s hybridization is the origin of excellent mechanical properties of Al-3wt%Mg. The phonon dispersion curves indicate that Al-3wt%Mg is dynamically stable at ambient pressure and 0 K. Furthermore, the Helmholtz free energy ΔF, the entropy S, the constant-volume specific heat CV
and the phonon contribution to the internal energy ΔE are predicted using the phonon density of states. We expect that our work can provide useful guidance to help with the performance of Al-3wt%Mg.
Gain Control in Predictive Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements: Evidence for an Acceleration-Based Predictive Mechanism
Authors: Brostek Lukas , Eggert Thomas , Glasauer Stefan
Published: May 2017

The smooth pursuit eye movement system incorporates various control features enabling adaptation to specific tracking situations. In this work, we analyzed the interplay between two of these mechanisms: gain control and predictive pursuit. We tested human responses to high-frequency perturbations during step-ramp pursuit, as well as the pursuit of a periodically moving target. For the latter task, we found a nonlinear interaction between perturbation response and carrier acceleration. Responses to perturbations where the initial perturbation acceleration was contradirectional to carrier acceleration increased with carrier velocity, in a manner similar to that observed during step-ramp pursuit. In contrast, responses to perturbations with ipsidirectional initial perturbation and carrier acceleration were large for all carrier velocities. Modeling the pursuit system suggests that gain control and short-term prediction are separable elements. The observed effect may be explained by combining the standard gain control mechanism with a derivative-based short-term predictive mechanism. The nonlinear interaction between perturbation and carrier acceleration can be reproduced by assuming a signal saturation, which is acting on the derivative of the target velocity signal. Our results therefore argue for the existence of an internal estimate of target acceleration as a basis for a simple yet efficient short-term predictive mechanism.