bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Three Novel and Prevalent Mosquito Viruses from a Single Pool of Aedes vexans nipponii Collected in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Sanborn Mark A. , Klein Terry A. , Kim Heung-Chul , Fung Christian K. , Figueroa Katherine L. , Yang Yu , Asafo-adjei Edward A. , Jarman Richard G. , Hang Jun
Published: March 2019

Arboviruses continue to be a significant global health concern. The unbiased metagenomic analyses of mosquito-borne and mosquito-specific viruses are useful to understand viral diversity and for the surveillance of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Metagenomic analysis was conducted on 6368 mosquitoes (736 pools), covering 16 species from 18 locations throughout the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 2016. In this report, we describe three viruses detected in a single pool of Aedes vexans nipponii collected at Yongsan U.S. Army Garrison, located in a densely populated district of Seoul, the ROK. The three novel viruses, designated as Yongsan bunyavirus 1 (YBV1), Yongsan picorna-like virus 3 (YPLV3) and Yongsan sobemo-like virus 1 (YSLV1), share sequence and structural characteristics with members belonging to the family Bunyaviridae, order Picornavirales, and family Solemoviridae, with shared RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) amino acid identities of 40%, 42% and 86%, respectively. The real-time reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of 3493 Aedes vexans nipponii (257 pools) showed a high prevalence of YBV1 and YSLV1 viruses, which were present in 65% and 62% of tested pools, respectively. This study highlighted the utility of a metagenomic sequencing approach for arbovirus discovery and for a better understanding of the virome of potential medically relevant vectors.
Investigation of Free Surface Turbulence Damping in RANS Simulations for Complex Free Surface Flows
Authors: Kamath Arun , Fleit Gábor , Bihs Hans
Published: March 2019

The modelling of complex free surface flows over weirs and in the vicinity of bridge piers is presented in a numerical model emulating open channel flow based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The importance of handling the turbulence at the free surface in the case of different flow regimes using an immiscible two-phase RANS Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is demonstrated. The free surface restricts the length scales of turbulence and this is generally not accounted for in standard two-equation turbulence modelling approaches. With the two-phase flow approach, large-velocity gradients across the free surface due to the large difference in the density of the fluids can lead to over-production of turbulence. In this paper, turbulence at the free surface is restricted with an additional boundary condition for the turbulent dissipation. The resulting difference in the free surface features and the consequences for the solution of the flow problem is discussed for different flow conditions. The numerical results for the free surface and stream-wise velocity gradients are compared to experimental data to show that turbulence damping at the free surface provides a better representation of the flow features in all the flow regimes and especially in cases with rapidly varying flow conditions.
Editorial of Special Issue “Advances in Groundwater Flow and Solute Transport: Pushing the Hidden Boundary”
Authors: Zhan Hongbin , Wang Quanrong , Wen Zhang
Published: March 2019

The theme of this special issue is to explore the new territories beyond conventional subsurface flow and transport theories. We have selected 12 articles in this special issue and these articles cover a wide range of problems including (1) Non-Fickian chemical transport in various environments; (2) Non-Darcian flow; (3) Flow and transport in low-permeability media; (4) Vadose zone process; (5) Regional scale groundwater flow and groundwater-surface interaction; (6) Innovative numerical methods. The major contributions of these papers are summarized in this editorial.
Hydrological Risk Analysis of Dams: The Influence of Initial Reservoir Level Conditions
Authors: Gabriel-Martin Ivan , Sordo-Ward Alvaro , Garrote Luis , Granados Isabel
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we present a method to assess the influence of the initial reservoir level in hydrological dam safety and risk analysis. Traditionally, in professional practice, the procedures applied are basically deterministic. Several physical processes are defined deterministically, according to the criteria of the designer (usually in the conservative side), although there is a high degree of uncertainty regarding these processes. A relevant variable is the reservoir level considered at the beginning of flood events. Hydrological dam safety assessment methods traditionally assume that the reservoir is initially full when it receives the design flood, thus, staying in the conservative side when designing a new dam. However, the distribution of reservoir levels at the beginning of flood episodes takes more importance for evaluating the real risk for the dams in operation. We analyzed three different scenarios—initial reservoir level equal to maximum normal level, equal to a maximum conservation level, and following the probability distribution from the historical records. To do so, we presented a method applied to a gated-spillway dam located in the Tagus river basin. A set of 100,000 inflow hydrographs was generated through a Monte Carlo procedure, by reproducing the statistics of the main observed hydrograph characteristics—peak flow, volume, and duration. The set of 100,000 hydrographs was routed through the reservoir applying the Volumetric Evaluation Method as a flood control strategy. In order to compare the three scenarios, we applied an economic global risk index. The index combines the hydrological risk for the dam, linked to the maximum water level reached in the reservoir, during the flood routing, and the flood risk in the downstream river reach, linked to the discharge releases from the dam. The results showed the importance of accounting for the fluctuation of initial reservoir levels, for assessing the risk related to hydrological dam safety. Furthermore, a procedure to quantify the uncertainty associated with the effects of initial reservoir level on hydrological dam safety, has been proposed.
A retrospective review of pain management in Tasmanian residential aged care facilities
Authors: Veal Felicity , Williams Mackenzie , Bereznicki Luke , Cummings Elizabeth , Winzenberg Tania
Published: March 2019

Background

The management of pain by GPs for residents of aged care facilities (ACFs) is very common.

Aim

To measure the prevalence and assess the management of pain in ACF residents, particularly those with dementia.

Design & setting

A retrospective review of ACF residents’ medical records was undertaken at five southern Tasmanian (Australia) ACFs.

Method

Data extracted included results of the most recent assessment of pain and its management, frequency and treatment of pain incidents in the previous 7 days, demographics, and medical and medication history. Univariate analysis was used to identify variables associated with increased frequency of pain episodes.

Results

The final analysis included 477 residents. At least one episode of pain in the preceding 7 days was documented in 25.6% (n = 122) of residents' notes. Pain episodes were most commonly managed by analgesics (45.5%), massage (40.7%), and heatpacks (13.8%). Residents with dementia were not less likely to have pain identified during the past week (14% versus 20%; P = 0.09), but they were much less likely to have pain identified on their most recent pain assessment (P = 0.03).

Conclusion

GPs should carefully consider the suitability of using ‘as required’ analgesics. Furthermore, on admission to an ACF, GPs need to ensure a patient’s medical history includes all pain or potentially pain-causing conditions, to ensure that a resident’s pain assessment is complete. This is especially necessary for those with dementia, to ensure that staff remain vigilant about the possibility of the resident experiencing pain.
Silencing of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Inhibits Cell Growth and Metastasis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mu Zhongyi , Dong Dan , Wei Ning , Sun Mingli , Wang Wei , Shao Yue , Gao Jian , Yin Ping , Zhao Chenghai
Published: March 2019

The lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, oriented from an antisense direction to the protein-coding gene AFAP1 in the opposite strand, was upregulated in a variety of tumors and associated with poor prognosis, including lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and so on. However, the biological role
of AFAP1-AS1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unknown. We observed that AFAP1-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and that patients with high-level expression of AFAP1-AS1 had a shorter overall survival. Knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 markedly suppressed
the progression of proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT in ccRCC cells. Downregulation of AFAP1-AS1 resulted in an increase in E-cadherin and a decrease in vimentin. Noticeably, we found that PTEN has a negative correlation with the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 expression. Further studies verified
that PTEN deficiency effectively attenuated the ability of AFAP1-AS1 in promoting ccRCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT. Moreover, the similar biological response of silencing AFAP1-AS1 was observed in our ccRCC mice model. Knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 evidently suppressed tumor
growth. Taken together, our results provide the evidences that silencing of AFAP1-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation, EMT, and metastasis through PTEN-dependent signaling, and our findings elucidate a novel potential therapeutic target or biomarker for the treatment of ccRCC.
Target Marketing of Small-Scale Festival Attendees: A Scoping Study
Authors: Tkaczynski Aaron , Gill Chelsea , Van Winkle Christine M.
Published: March 2019

Targeting festival attendees based on key criterion can provide a greater return on investment for festival organizers. Despite considerable insight into festival attendee segmentation, studies have failed to validate targeted segments, which provides the impetus for this research note.
This research segments and targets attendees to six small-scale festivals across three countries by applying Kotler's target marketing criteria (measurability, substantiality, accessibility, actionability). Results suggest that regardless of the country or event type, a targeted small-scale
festival segment, labeled as satisfied, involved experience attendees, exists. Implications are outlined and opportunities for future research are considered.
Effects of Magnanimous Therapy on Coping, Adjustment, and Living Function in Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang X. , Yan A. , Liu Q. , Wu L.
Published: March 2019

Objectives: We examined the effects of magnanimous therapy on psychological coping, adjustment, living function, and survival rate in patients with advanced lung cancer. Methods: Patients with advanced lung cancer (n = 145) matched by demographics and medical variables were randomly assigned to an individual computer magnanimous therapy group (IC-MT), a group computer magnanimous therapy group (GC-MT), or a control group (CTRL). Over 2 weeks, the IC-MT and GC-MT groups received eight 40-minute sessions of IC-MT or GC-MT respectively, plus usual care; the CTRL group received only usual care. The Cancer Coping Modes Questionnaire (CCMQ), the Psychological Adjustment Scale for Cancer Patients (PASCP), and the Functional Living Index–Cancer (FLIC) were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks later. The relationships of changes in those indicators were analyzed, and survival rates were compared. Results: The psychological coping style, adjustment, and living function of the IC-MT and GC-MT groups improved significantly after the intervention (p < 0.01). After 2 weeks, significant (p < 0.01) differences between the treatment groups and the CTRL group in coping style, adjustment, and living function suggested successful therapy. The changes in living function were correlated with changes in psychological coping and adjustment. No difference in efficacy between IC-MT and GC-MT was observed. The survival rate was 31.84% in the IC-MT group and 9.375% in the CTRL group at 2 years after the intervention. Conclusions: In patients with advanced lung cancer, IC-MT and GC-MT were associated with positive short-term effects on psychological coping style, adjustment, and living function, although the magnitude of the effect did not differ significantly between the intervention approaches. The effects on living function are partly mediated by improvements in psychological coping and adjustment.
Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Venetsanaki V. , Boutis Anastasios , Chrisoulidou A. , Papakotoulas P.
Published: March 2019

Cancer immunotherapy has been one of the highlights in the advancement of cancer care. Certain immune checkpoint inhibitors bind to PD-1 on T cells and mediate an antitumour immune response. Given that immune checkpoint inhibitors are becoming part of standard care, a new class of adverse events—immune-related adverse events—has emerged. Among them is endocrine toxicity, most commonly targeting the thyroid, pituitary, or adrenal glands. New-onset diabetes mellitus has been reported in fewer than 1% of patients. We present a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus secondary to immunotherapy, together with an overview of the associated literature. Patients who develop type 1 diabetes mellitus experience a rapid course, and diabetic ketoacidosis is commonly the presenting symptom. Insulin is currently the treatment of choice; oral antidiabetics or corticosteroids do not assist in management. Several predictive factors are under investigation, but physician awareness and prompt management are key to a positive outcome.
A Multidisciplinary Perspective on the Subcutaneous Administration of Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Dent Susan , Ammendolea C. , Christofides A. , Edwards S. , Incekol D. , Pourmirza B. , Kfoury S. , Poirier B.
Published: March 2019

Trastuzumab is the standard treatment in Canada for patients with breast cancer positive for HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), dramatically improving outcomes in that patient group. However, its current intravenous (IV) administration is associated with long infusion times that place a significant burden on health care resources and patient quality of life. In an effort to provide a faster and easier administration method, a subcutaneous (SC) formulation of trastuzumab has been developed. Data from comparative trials demonstrate that the two formulations are comparable with respect to pharmacokinetics and efficacy. They also have similar safety profiles, with the exception of mild local and administration reactions with the SC formulation. Furthermore, the SC formulation is preferred by patients and health care professionals, and greatly reduces administration and chair time. Additional advantages include easier preparation and dosing, reduced drug wastage, and reduced discomfort at the injection site. By using well-thought-out administration procedures, the SC formulation can be given safely and effectively, potentially reducing the burden on health care resources and improving quality of life for patients.
Ferocious Beast
Authors: Rutkowski N. A.
Published: March 2019

Bogdan Nowak sat in the waiting room anxiously clasping his knees. [...]
Oncology Association of Naturopathic Physicians: Principles of Care Guidelines
Authors: Marsden Eric , Nigh G. , Birdsall S. , Wright H. , Traub M.
Published: March 2019

Patient use of integrative oncology (the inclusion of nonconventional treatments alongside the conventional standard of care) continues to grow, with some studies showing its use in cancer patients to be as high as 91%. Naturopathic physicians are primary care providers who use integrative therapies to deliver patient-centred care. The Oncology Association of Naturopathic Physicians (oncanp) was formed in 2004 as a specialty association for naturopathic physicians providing integrative cancer care (nd oncs). Currently, the membership encompasses more than 400 naturopathic physicians and students, 115 of whom are board-certified Fellows of the American Board of Naturopathic Oncology. In 2016, oncanp established a committee comprising recognized experts in the field of naturopathic oncology to develop a Principles of Care (poc) guideline. The committee first undertook a review of existing standard-of-care and best-practice guidelines in the field of oncology and then adapted those concepts into a draft document. The draft document was then reviewed by naturopathic physicians, medical and radiation oncologists, naturopathic policy experts, and finally the oncanp membership at large. The poc document presented here provides clear guidelines for nd oncs on how best to deliver patient-centred care in the areas of assessment, treatment planning, care management, interprofessional collaboration, and survivorship care. This naturopathic oncology poc document can be a valuable resource for nd oncs and other oncology care providers to further an understanding of the naturopathic and integrative oncology care model and its potential for collaboration.
Selective benzylic C–H monooxygenation mediated by iodine oxides
Authors: LaMartina Kelsey B , Kuck Haley K , Oglesbee Linda S , Al-Odaini Asma , Boaz Nicholas C
Published: March 2019

A method for the selective monooxdiation of secondary benzylic C–H bonds is described using an N-oxyl catalyst and a hypervalent iodine species as a terminal oxidant. Combinations of ammonium iodate and catalytic N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) were shown to be effective in the selective oxidation of n-butylbenzene directly to 1-phenylbutyl acetate in high yield (86%). This method shows moderate substrate tolerance in the oxygenation of substrates containing secondary benzylic C–H bonds, yielding the corresponding benzylic acetates in good to moderate yield. Tertiary benzylic C–H bonds were shown to be unreactive under similar conditions, despite the weaker C–H bond. A preliminary mechanistic analysis suggests that this NHPI-iodate system is functioning by a radical-based mechanism where iodine generated in situ captures formed benzylic radicals. The benzylic iodide intermediate then solvolyzes to yield the product ester.
Mentor, Scholar, Academic, and a Massage Therapist: an Interview with Amanda Baskwill, PhD(c), MSc, RMT
Authors: Kennedy, LMT, BCTMB, DrPH, Executive Editor, IJTMB Ann Blair
Published: March 2019

Amanda Baskwill, PhD(c), RMT is influencing the massage therapy profession from seemingly all angles; she is a researcher, massage therapist, edu-cator, innovator, and mentor. Baskwill previously was a full-time faculty member at Humber College in Ontario, Canada, and now holds the position of Associate Dean in the Allied Health School of Health Sciences at the same institution. She has published widely on research centered on the mas-sage therapy profession, as well as the safety and effectiveness of massage therapy as a treatment for various conditions. This interview explores the development, career, and research of the in-novative educator and scholar, Amanda Baskwill.
ESTIMATION OF SHRINKAGE DEFORMATIONS OF MASONRY BY DETERMINING CRACKING OF INTERNAL BUILDING WALLS/MŪRO SUSITRAUKIMO DEFORMACIJŲ ĮVERTINIMAS, ANALIZUOJANT PASTATŲ VIDINIŲ SIENŲ SUPLEIŠĖJIMĄ
Authors: Marčiukaitis Gediminas
Published: March 2019

In practice a lot of cases are found, that loadbearing masonry walls of buildings are cracked. The main reason of these cracks is reinforced or metal lintel, reinforced concrete floors, waist-band and other elements. They impede free shrinkage deformation of masonry. In masonry, tension stresses appear and compression stresses, in impedemental elements.

The formulas for calculation of these stresses and strains are suggested in the article. Analysis of this formulas show that stresses-strains depend on the ratio of areas of sections and the modulus of elasticity of masonry walls and impedimental structures or elements.

It is important to evaluate the shrinkage of masonry and its further development. Such shrinkage begins before mounting other structures on walls. There are suggested methods and formulas for estimating changes of shrinkage deformations in time.

Limiting shrinkage deformations are suggested according to the recommendations of Eurocodes 6.

Theoretical and experimental results of changing of masonry shrinkage are compared. The comparison shows good agreement of these results.

The suggested methods allow to choose such materials for masonry and time of mounting of other structures, which decrease the tension stresses in masonry because of its shrinkage and give opportunities to decrease danger of appearing cracks in walls or to avoid them, in general.
THE ANALYSIS OF UNFIXED BALANCE IN THERMAL EXCHANGE/NESTACIONARIŲ ŠILUMOS MAINŲ PASTATUOSE BALANSO ANALIZĖ
Authors: Juodvalkis Jonas , Blaževičius Egidijus , Vipartas Ramūnas Albertas
Published: March 2019

Today the tendency of building renovation is one-sided, ie thermal resistivity of enclosure constructions is being increased ignoring the temperature control possibilities in flats. Appreciable heat savings may be achieved solely through a duly coordination of the constructive building solutions with the type and power of heating systems and by the evaluation of an unfixed character of heat exchange.

In the proposed method a building is treated as a heterogeneous body (∞>Bi>0). The conditions of the 3rd rate are accepted for the heat exchange between the elements of this body and the surroundings (1). The result of the equation solution is the determination of temperature alteration law in each element of a heterogeneous body (2). The non-monolithic enclosure constructions having a final number of elements may be changed by an equivalent monolithic body with equivalent thermal properties (3; 4).
INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF MORTAR MIXTURE ON STRENGTH AND DEFORMABILITY OF EXTERNAL WALLS/SKIEDINIO SUDĖTIES ĮTAKA IŠORINIŲ SIENOS SLUOKSNIŲ STIPRUMUI IR DEFORMA VIMUISI
Authors: Marčiukaitis Gediminas , Zabulionis Darius
Published: March 2019

The basic element of building, wall, must satisfty not only requirements for strength, stability, but also for cracking. Experiments and practice show that in many cases external decoration layers of external walls are cracked. It is because designers and builders do not take into consideration one of the basic conditions of the theory of layers—to satisfy compatibility of deformations of layers. Therefore it is necessary to know physical and mechanical properties of plasters such as strength limits of compressive and tensile strains and modulus of elasticity. In this paper, data and recommendations about strength and deformation properties of plaster are given, as well as regressive equations by which it is possible to choose the composition of composite cement-lime-sand mortar recording the following parameters: compressive and tensile strength, limit strain, modulus of elasticity. Analysis of experimental data shows that the compressive and tensile strength of mortar and modulus of elasticity mainly depend on the ratio cement/sand. Limit deformations depend on all 3 factors: cement, lime and sand.
STRAIN-STRESS EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF TAPERED COLUMNS IN SINGLE-SPAN FRAMES/TRAPECINIŲ KOLONŲ VIENANAVIUOSE RĖMUOSE DEFORMACIJŲ-ĮTEMPIŲ BŪVIS
Authors: Šapalas Vaidotas
Published: March 2019

Two single-span frame tests were carried out. The width of frame is 6m, column's height 4.17m. Frame supports are pinned. Connection between column and beam is rigid. Beam of the frame was loaded with two vertical and one horizontal loads. The stability of tappered columns was analysed in frame plane and in perpendicular plane, according to [1] and [2] methods.

All deflections were calculated taking into account support movements. During the first frame test R1-1 the tapered column collapsed at the load 2V=400kN and H=200 kN (vertical and horizontal loads). During the second test R1-2 the tapered column collapsed at the load 2V=390 kN and H=175 kN. In both tests columns collapsed in lateral-torsional buckling way. Because the column's web is very thin at the load 2V=300 kN and H=150 kN the column's web achieved local buckling. But the column was still carrying the load. During both tests at the load 2V=300 kN and H=150 kN the column began to twist in the middle of its height about the longitudinal axis and to bend about the weak axis.

In test R1-1, the vertical experimental deflection (in point 6, see Fig 1 a) is about 17.5% smaller than the theoretical one. The horizontal experimental deflection (in point, see Fig 1 a) is about 11.6% smaller than the theoretical one. In test R1-2, vertical experimental deflection (in point 6, see Fig 1 a) is about 21.1% bigger than the theoretical one. The horizontal experimental deflection (in point, see Fig 1 a) is about 29.6% smaller than the theoretical one.

In test R1-1, an experimental compression stresses in section A-A (see Fig 2) are about 11.2% smaller than the theoretical one. Experimental tension stresses in section A-A are about 8.65% smaller than the theoretical one. In test R1-2, an experimental compression stresses in section A-A is about 0.43% bigger than the theoretical one. An experimental tension strain in section A-A is about 1.73% smaller than the theoretical one.
ROLE OF KUHN-TUCKER CONDITIONS IN ELASTICITY EQUATIONS IN TERMS OF STRESSES
Authors: Chraptovič Ela , Atkočiūnas Juozas
Published: March 2019

Solution of the elasticity problem in terms of stresses leads to the stress vector six components, satisfying the Beltrami compatibility eqns and boundary conditions, evaluation. A direct integration of the nine differential eqns system in respect of the six stress components is difficult to realise practically. This is the reason why often the Casigliano variation principle to solve the boundary elasticity problem in terms of stresses is applied. An application of the above-mentioned principle ensures the satisfaction of all the six Saint-Venant strain compatibility eqns (see the works of Southwell, Kliushnikov, a.o.). Castigliano variation principle does not define the number of independent strain compatibility eqns. Thus, it is not clear whether the elasticity problem eqns system in terms of stresses is over-defined or not.

The strain compatibility eqns for an ideal elastic body is investigated in the article by means of the mathematical programming theory. A mathematical model to evaluate the statically admissible stresses is formulated on the basis of complementary energy minimum principle. It is proved that the strain compatibility eqns mean the Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions of the mathematical programming problem. The method to formulate the strain compatibility eqns in respect of the statically admissible stresses defining eqns formulation technique is revealed. The proposed method is illustrated to achieve the six component stresses vector in functional space for the three-dimension problem: usually the solution of the elasticity problem in terms of the stresses is realised via the nine eqns system integration.

The Kuhn-Tucker conditions allowed to confirm an original but not usually applied Washizu conclusion about Cauchy geometrical compatibility eqns.
APPLICATION OF MULTICRITERIA DECISION METHODS IN RESTORATION OF BUILDINGS IN THE OLD TOWN/DAUGIAKRITERINIŲ METODŲ TAIKYMAS VERTINANT SENAMIESČIO PASTATŲ RENOVACIJOS INVESTICINIUS PROJEKTUS
Authors: Ustinovičius Leonas , Jakučionis Sigitas
Published: March 2019

The largest part of old towns in Lithuania are to be regenerated. Sociological evaluation made in 1998 in Vilnius showed that the main problem of the Old Town are falling buildings.

Nowadays investment into real estate is evaluated according to a single criterion. That's why it is so complicated to review the whole investment process.

The object under investigation is the buildings in Vilnius Old Town. Condition of building constructions was evaluated. The location of building and possibilities of building usage are being€ evaluated also.

Vilnius real estate market data was collected from Vilnius general plan. Values of building at various stages of reconstruction are calculated. There are 5 different alternatives of marketing.

The scheme of building marketing is presented in Fig 2. There are schedules of the reconstruction work made (Figs 3 and 4). An estimation of different alternatives of building reconstruction is calculated (Table 3).

Alternatives of building regeneration were evaluated in accordance with 14 criteria: profit of the project, life-time of building, price of the maintenance, perspectives of business, comfortability of building, price of building sale, insulation, possible losses because of accidents, cost of the building acquiring and reconstruction, location of building, price of the rent, term from the building acquiring till realisation, place for car parking and appearance. Decision matrix is presented in Table 4.

Rationality of alternatives was calculated using TOPSIS method. Ranking of alternatives is presented in Table 5.

We suppose that multi-criteria evaluation of the investment options creates new possibilities for investors and helps to choose the best variant of the building usage.
EVALUATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND VERTICAL SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN CONTACT ZONE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS WITH SURVIVAL MOULDS /GELŽBETONINIŲ KONSTRUKCIJŲ SU LIKTINIAIS KLOJINIAIS JUNGIAMOJO STRYPYNO IR BETONO PAVIRŠIAUS ŠIURKŠTUMO ĮVERTINIMAS KONTAKTO ZONOJE
Authors: Bistrickaitė Rėda
Published: March 2019

Structurally and technologically expedient and economic precast-monolithic reinforcement floor slabs are widely used in western European countries. In Lithuania they are unknown, although there are all conditions for introducing them.

Precast-monolithic slabs are made from precast layers (used as survival moulds) and monolithic layers (poured in situ). These layers are connected to make a compact structure with vertical shear reinforcement.

There exists a method for calculating slabs analogous to a curved top truss. According to this method, the deflection of composite slabs increases considerably compared with that of one-layer structures.

By evaluating both the transformation of tangential shear stress in the cross-section of bending elements and the influence of adhesive power in the contact zone, we have defined in a more exact way the method for calculating composite slabs. Additionally, we have included a vertical reinforcement into the structure and diminished vertical deflections of slabs up to the values close to those of one-layer structures.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATA ANALYSIS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY/DAUGIAMAČIŲ DUOMENŲ ANALIZĖ STATYBOS VEIKLOJE
Authors: Fojud Artur
Published: March 2019

Šiuo metu statyboje vis plačiau diegiamos naujausios technologijos, kartu kiekvienoje pastato ar statinio statybos stadijoje atsiranda vis daugiau projektinių sprendimų. Dėl to kyla įvairių problemų, susijusių su sprendimų priėmimo proceso optimizavimu bei tinkamų argumentų, priimant konkrečius sprendimus inžineriniame darbe, pateikimu. Todėl inžinerinėje praktikoje labai svarbi sisteminė daugiamatės informacijos analizė. Straipsnyje pateikiama daugiamačių duomenų analizės statybos veikloje galimybių studija ir pabrėžiama didėjanti daugiamatės informacijos analizės svarba kasdicniame inžinieriaus darbe, taip pat valdant nuosavvbę. Aprašytos projektavimo. pagrjsto daugiamačiais duomenimis. galimybės ir tokiu. projektuose naudojamų duomenų. analizė;. Antrojoje straipsnio dalyje pateikiama daugiamatės analizės taikymo sprendimų priėmimo sistemöse, skirtose żmonėms. priimantiems nuosavybės valdymo sprendimus, naudmgumo ir svarbos analizė.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND RECEIPTS ANALYSIS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT (DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL)/KAPITALO IŠLAIDŲ IR ĮPLAUKŲ ANALIZĖS VALDANT STATYBOS PROJEKTUS MODELIO APRAŠYMAS
Authors: Wiatr Tomasz A.
Published: March 2019

Aprašytas bendrasis projektų valdymo modelis piniginių srautų ir gamybos bei finansinių planų priklausomybės požiūriu. Šiame modelyje grynieji pinigai yra diskretaus pobūdžio, bet darbų vertė yra tęstinės S-kreivės formos. Nuomonė, kad išlaidos yra diskretaus pobūdžio, prieštarauja nusistovėjusiai nuomonei. Pagal šią savybę siūlomas ir modelio pavadinimas—IVO (angl. Inflow-Value-Outflow). Modelis leidžia analizuoti problemas naudojant specialią programinę įrangą. Modelis gali būti pagrindu jautrumo analizei atlikti, atsižvelgiant į pavienius projektų kintamuosius dydžius. Antra vertus, modelis gali būti modeliaviino ir galimos rizikos vertinimo įrankis. Straipsnyje isryškintas gamybos ir finansų planavimo integravimas į vieną valdymo sistemą Ši sistema tiesiogiai sukoncentruota į projektą, bet netiesiogiai į statybinę firmą (projektų portfelis).
MULTIPLE CRITERIA EVALUATION OF CONSTRUCTION TENDERS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW ON PUBLIC PROCUREMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA/STATYBOS RANGOS PASIŪLYMŲ DAUGIATIKSLIS VERTINIMAS, ATSIŽVELGIANT Į LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS VIEŠŲJŲ PIRKIMŲ ĮSTATYMO NUOSTATAS
Authors: Mitkus Sigitas , Dėjus Titas
Published: March 2019

Norint tinkamai įvertinti statybos rangos pasiūlymus, būtina įvertinti bent keletą kriterijų. Nors statybos rangos pasiūlymų daugiatikslis vertinimas yra pakankamai plačiai išnagrinėtas literatūroje, toks vertinimas, atsižvelgiant į Lietuvos Respublikos viešųjų pirkimų įstatymą iki šiol moksliškai nenagrinėtas.

Nors nei šiame įstatyme, nei poįstatyminiuose norminiuose aktuose nevartojama daugiatikslio įvertinimo sąvoka. šiuo įstatymu yra įtvirtinta galimybė pasiūlymų vertinimo kriterijumi pasirinkti ekonomiškai naudingiausio pasiūlymo kriterijų. Straipsnyje atlikta teisės aktų analizė rodo, kad vertinant rangovų pasiūlymus pagal ekonomiškai naudingiausio pasiūlymo vertinimo kriterijų yra numatyta daugiatikslio rangovų pasiūlymų vertinimo galimybė.

Atlikta Viešųjų pirkimų įstatymo ir poįstatyminių teisės aktų analizė rodo, kad rangovų pasiūlymų daugiatikslį vertinimą galima suskirstyti į tris stadijas.

Pirmojoje stadijoje yra atmetami pasiūlymai, kurie neatitinka konkurso dokumentų reikalavimų. Antrojoje stadijoje atmetami pasiūlymai tų tiekėjų, kurie neatitinka perkančiosios organizacijos keliamų kvalifikacinių reikalavimų.

Trečiojoje stadijoje atliekamas tinkamų pasiūlymų daugiatikslis vertinimas. Parodoma, kad vertinant rangovų pasiūlymus viešuosiuose pirkimuose gali būti taikomas modifikuotas daugiatikslio vertinimo kriterijus, kuris literatūroje yra žinomas MWSD1 vardu [2]. Pagrindinis jo skirtumas nuo literatūroje aprašyto yra dviejų lygių svorio koeficientų sistema (4 lentelė). Viešųjų pirkimų įstatymas ir poįstatyminiai teisės aktai numato ir daugiau daugiatikslio vertinimo galimybių apribojimų, kurie ir yra analizuojami straipsnyje.

Tolesnis statybos rangos pasiūlymų daugiatikslis vertinimas, atsižvelgiant į Viešųjų pirkimų įstatymą, leistų užsakovams pasirinkti geresnius pasiūlymus, o rangovams—parengti konkurencingesnius.
Kiloparsec-Scale Variations in the Star Formation Efficiency of Dense Gas: The Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/39)
Authors: Bemis Ashley , Wilson Christine D.
Published: March 2019

We study the relationship between dense gas and star formation in the Antennae galaxies by comparing Atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (ALMA) observations of dense-gas tracers (HCN, HCO+, and HNC J = 1–0) with the total infrared luminosity (L
TIR) calculated using data from the Herschel Space Observatory and the Spitzer
Space Telescope. We compare the luminosities of our star formation rate (SFR) and gas tracers using aperture photometry and employing two methods for defining apertures. We taper the ALMA data set to match the resolution of our L
TIR maps and present new detections of dense-gas emission from complexes in the overlap and western arm regions. Using Owens Valley Radio Observatory CO J = 1–0 data, we compare with the total molecular gas content,

, and calculate star formation efficiencies and dense-gas mass fractions for these different regions. We derive HCN, HCO+, and HNC upper limits for apertures where emission was not significantly detected, because we expect that emission from dense gas should be present in most star-forming regions. The Antennae extends the linear

relationship found in previous studies. The

ratio varies by up to a factor of ∼10 across different regions of the Antennae, implying variations in the star formation efficiency of dense gas, with the nuclei, NGC 4038 and NGC 4039, showing the lowest SFEdense (0.44 and 0.70 × 10−8 yr−1). The nuclei also exhibit the highest dense-gas fractions (∼9.1% and ∼7.9%).
The Superoutburst Duration versus Orbital Period Relation for AM CVn Stars
Authors: Cannizzo J. K. , Ramsay G.
Published: March 2019

We examine the relationship between superoutburst duration t
dur and orbital period P
orb in AM CVn ultra-compact binary systems. We show that the previously determined steep relation derived by Levitan et al. was strongly influenced by the inclusion of upper limits for systems with a relatively long orbital period in their fit. Excluding the upper limit values and including t
dur values for three systems at long P
orb that were not considered previously, then

is flat as predicted by Cannizzo & Nelemans.
Nonthermal Cosmic Rays during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to Solve the Lithium Problem
Authors: Kang 康明 Ming-Ming 铭 , Hu 胡 Yang 杨 , Hu 胡红 Hong-Bo 波 , Zhu 朱守 Shou-Hua 华
Published: March 2019

The discrepancy between the theoretical prediction of primordial lithium abundances and astronomical observations is called the Lithium Problem. We assume that during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), nucleons can gain energy and deviate from thermal equilibrium, namely BBN cosmic rays (BBNCRs). BBNCR primary spectra are uncertain and the Coulomb energy-loss processes are neglected; however, we suppose a steady state of BBNCR spectra referring to the Galactic cosmic ray spectra observed today, to see constraints on BBNCRs, for example, the amount and energy range, not sticking to the explicit shape of the spectra. Such extra contributions from BBNCRs can explain the discrepancy, for both Li-7 and Li-6, and will change the deuterium abundance by only a little. The allowed parameter space of such an amount of nonthermal particles and the energy range are shown. The hypothesis is stable regardless of the cross-section uncertainty of relevant reactions and the explicit shape of the energy spectrum.
Is There a Blazar Nested in the Core of the Radio Galaxy 3C 411?
Authors: Perger Krisztina , Frey Sándor , Gabányi Krisztina É.
Published: March 2019

Previous spectral energy distribution modeling based on XMM-Newton X-ray observation of the classical double-lobed radio galaxy 3C 411 left the possibility open for the presence of a blazar-like core. We investigated this scenario by characterizing the radio brightness distribution in the inner ∼10 pc region of the source. We applied the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique at four different frequencies from 1.7 to 7.6 GHz. We analyzed archival data from the Very Long Baseline Array taken in 2014, and data from the European VLBI Network obtained in 2017. The VLBI images reveal parsec-scale extended structure in the core of 3C 411 that can be modeled with multiple jet components. The measured core brightness temperatures indicate no Doppler enhancement that would be expected from a blazar jet pointing close to the line of sight. While there is no blazar-type core in 3C 411, we found an indication of flux density variability. The overall morphology of the source is consistent with a straight jet with ∼50° inclination angle at all scales from parsecs to kiloparsecs.
Improved Fermi-GBM GRB Localizations Using BALROG
Authors: Berlato F. , Greiner J. , Burgess J. Michael
Published: March 2019

The localizations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected with the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on board the Fermi satellite are known to be affected by significant systematic errors of 3°–15°. This is primarily due to the mismatch of the employed Band function templates and the actual GRB spectrum. This problem can be avoided by simultaneously fitting for the location and the spectrum of a GRB, as demonstrated with an advanced localization code, BALROG. Here, we analyze in a systematic way a sample of 105 bright GBM-detected GRBs for which accurate reference localizations are available from the Swift observatory. We show that the remaining systematic error can be reduced to ∼1°–2°.
Three Regimes and Four Modes for the Resonant Saturation of Parallel Ion-beam Instabilities
Authors: Weidl Martin S. , Winske Dan , Niemann Christoph
Published: March 2019

Motivated by recent advances in laboratory experiments on parallel ion-beam instabilities, we present a theoretical framework for—and simulations of—their evolution toward shock formation and Fermi acceleration. After reviewing the linear theory of beam instabilities, with an emphasis on how magnetic helicity and polarization depend on properties of the beam, we compare the evolution and saturation of three distinct parameter regimes: (I) the left-handed “non-resonant” regime; (II) the right-handed beam-gyroresonant regime; (III) the balanced, mixed-turbulence regime.
The Mass Evolution of Protostellar Disks and Envelopes in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
Authors: Andersen Bridget C. , Stephens Ian W. , Dunham Michael M. , Pokhrel Riwaj , Jørgensen Jes K. , Frimann Søren , Segura-Cox Dominique , Myers Philip C. , Bourke Tyler L. , Tobin John J. , Tychoniec Łukasz
Published: March 2019

In the standard picture for low-mass star formation, a dense molecular cloud undergoes gravitational collapse to form a protostellar system consisting of a new central star, a circumstellar disk, and a surrounding envelope of remaining material. The mass distribution of the system evolves as matter accretes from the large-scale envelope through the disk and onto the protostar. While this general picture is supported by simulations and indirect observational measurements, the specific timescales related to disk growth and envelope dissipation remain poorly constrained. In this paper we conduct a rigorous test of a method introduced by Jørgensen et al. to obtain mass measurements of disks and envelopes around embedded protostars with observations that do not resolve the disk (resolution of ∼1000 au). Using unresolved data from the recent Mass Assembly of Stellar Systems and their Evolution with the SMA (MASSES) survey, we derive disk and envelope mass estimates for 59 protostellar systems in the Perseus molecular cloud. We compare our results to independent disk mass measurements from the VLA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity survey and find a strong linear correlation, suggesting that accurate disk masses can be measured from unresolved observations. Then, leveraging the size of the MASSES sample, we find no significant trend in protostellar mass distribution as a function of age, as approximated from bolometric temperatures. These results may indicate that the disk mass of a protostar is set near the onset of the Class 0 protostellar stage and remains roughly constant throughout the Class I protostellar stage.
Cardiovascular Disease Incidence Projections in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD)
Authors:   the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) of IeDEA Asia-Pacific, Bijker Rimke , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Pujari Sanjay , Lam Wilson , Chaiwarith Romanee , Wong Wing W , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Kantipong Pacharee , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Nguyen Kinh V , Tanuma Junko , Ng Oon Tek , Sim Benedict LH , Merati Tuti P , Choi Jun Y , Ditangco Rossana , Yunihastuti Evy , Sun Ly P , Do Cuong D , Ross Jeremy , Law Matthew
Published: March 2019

Background

We aimed to project the 10-year future incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and model several intervention scenarios based on a multi-site Asian HIV-positive cohort.

Methods

Analyses were based on patients recruited to the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), consisting of 21 sites in 12 countries. Patients on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) were included if they were alive, without previous CVD, and had data on CVD risk factors. Annual new CVD events for 2019–2028 were estimated with the D:A:D equation, accounting for age- and sex-adjusted mortality. Modelled intervention scenarios were treatment of high total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) or high blood pressure, abacavir or lopinavir substitution, and smoking cessation.

Results

Of 3,703 included patients, 69% were male, median age was 46 (IQR 40–53) years and median time since ART initiation was 9.8 years (IQR 7.5–14.1). Cohort incidence rates of CVD were projected to increase from 730 per 100,000 person-years (pys) in 2019 to 1,432 per 100,000 pys in 2028. In the modelled intervention scenarios, most events can be avoided by smoking cessation, abacavir substitution, lopinavir substitution, decreasing total cholesterol, treating high blood pressure and increasing HDL.

Conclusions

Our projections suggest a doubling of CVD incidence rates in Asian HIV-positive adults in our cohort. An increase in CVD can be expected in any ageing population, however, according to our models, this can be close to averted by interventions. Thus, there is an urgent need for risk screening and integration of HIV and CVD programmes to reduce the future CVD burden.
Biatora alnetorum (Ramalinaceae, Lecanorales), a new lichen species from western North America
Authors: Ekman Stefan , Tønsberg Tor
Published: March 2019

BiatoraalnetorumS. Ekman & Tønsberg, a lichenised ascomycete in the family Ramalinaceae (Lecanorales, Lecanoromycetes), is described as new to science. It is distinct from other species ofBiatorain the combination of mainly three-septate ascospores, a crustose thallus forming distinctly delimited soralia that develop by disintegration of convex pustules and the production of atranorin in the thallus and apothecia. The species is known from the Pacific Northwest of North America, where it inhabits the smooth bark of Alnusalnobetulasubsp.sinuata andA.rubra.Biatoraalnetorumis also a new host for the lichenicolous ascomyceteSclerococcumtoensbergiiDiederich.
Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region – an expert opinion list
Authors: Wesselingh Frank P. , Neubauer Thomas A. , Anistratenko Vitaliy V. , Vinarski Maxim V. , Yanina Tamara , ter Poorten Jan Johan , Kijashko Pavel , Albrecht Christian , Anistratenko Olga Yu. , D’Hont Anouk , Frolov Pavel , Gándara Alberto Martínez , Gittenberger Arjan , Gogaladze Aleksandre , Karpinsky Mikhail , Lattuada Matteo , Popa Luis , Sands Arthur F. , van de Velde Sabrina , Vandendorpe Justine , Wilke Thomas
Published: March 2019

Defining and recording the loss of species diversity is a daunting task, especially if identities of species under threat are not fully resolved. An example is the Pontocaspian biota. The mostly endemic invertebrate faunas that evolved in the Black Sea – Caspian Sea – Aral Sea region and live under variable salinity conditions are undergoing strong change, yet within several groups species boundaries are not well established. Collection efforts in the past decade have failed to produce living material of various species groups whose taxonomic status is unclear. This lack of data precludes an integrated taxonomic assessment to clarify species identities and estimate species richness of Pontocaspian biota combining morphological, ecological, genetic, and distribution data. In this paper, we present an expert-working list of Pontocaspian and invasive mollusc species associated to Pontocaspian habitats. This list is based on published and unpublished data on morphology, ecology, anatomy, and molecular biology. It allows us to (1) document Pontocaspian mollusc species, (2) make species richness estimates, and (3) identify and discuss taxonomic uncertainties. The endemic Pontocaspian mollusc species richness is estimated between 55 and 99 species, but there are several groups that may harbour cryptic species. Even though the conservation status of most of the species is not assessed or data deficient, our observations point to deterioration for many of the Pontocaspian species.