bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do students’ study habit and self-confidence affect their mathematics learning outcome?
Authors: Rahmawati Afifah Sausan , Istihapsari Vita
Published: June 2022

Study habits and self-confidence are several factors that are thought to be related to student mathematics learning outcomes. This research aims to determine whether there is a positive and significant relation between study habits and self-confidence to mathematics learning outcomes on the 11th grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Dukuhwaru, Indonesia. The type of this research is quantitative research. It involved 167 students of social sciences of SMA Negeri 1 Dukuhwaru. The instrument used was a test of learning outcomes and a questionnaire that had been tested for the validity and the reliability. Data analysis techniques used in this study are descriptive analysis, analysis prerequisite test, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicates that there is a positive and significant relation between study habits and self-confidence to mathematics learning outcomes on the 11th grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Dukuhwaru. It is indicated by   . Double correlation coefficients R = 0.547 dan  are 0.299 with    and SR(X1) = 62,63% and SR(X2) = 37,36%, SE(X1) = 18,74% and SE(X2) = 11,18%.
What Determines Students’ Performance in Introductory Accounting Classes? A Mixed Method
Authors: Wardiwiyono Sartini , Sumaryanto Sumaryanto
Published: June 2022

This study investigated factors determining students' performance in the Introductory Accounting classes. It was carried out using a mixed-method approach. Three research hypotheses based on the results of prior studies were tested using regression analysis. Additionally, a qualitative approach using thematic analysis was used to identify factors influencing students' performance. The study involved 90 students who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Secondary data related to those students were gathered through a documentation procedure, whereas primary data were obtained through interviews and observation involving those sample students. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that motivation had a positive impact on students' performance in Introductory Accounting classes. It was also observed that female students had better performance than male students. However, this study did not find accounting educational background as a significant variable in determining students' performance. For the thematic analysis, the study observed nine factors influencing the students' performance in Introductory Accounting classes. Those factors were related to lecturers, learning method, classroom, family background, references, assignments, tutor,  and group study. This study contributes to the upward literature in accounting education. It also provides an insight for the Accounting Study Program in higher education institutions in designing accounting curricula, for lecturers in designing learning processes, and for accounting students in understanding the determinants of their performance.
Performance of Different Fillers in Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (pMDI) Resin*
Authors: Alawode Abiodun Oluseun , Owofadeju Femi Kehinde , Musah Munkaila , Asafu-Adjaye Osei , Peng Yucheng , Via Brian
Published: June 2022

This study evaluated the possibility of using different fillers—cellulose nanocrystal, cellulose microcrystalline, wood flour, soy flour, talc, and calcium carbonate—as partial substitutes in polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) resin. There has been concern recently regarding the use of pMDI resin due to the environmental effect of isocyanate, which is dominantly present in the resin, as well as the cost of the resin. Different fillers were used in this study as substitutes at their allowable substitution percentages. This study focused on the possibility of replacing more pMDI resin with biodegradable filler without compromising the integrity of the resin; the mechanical strength of plywood from both southern yellow pine and oak was evaluated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were conducted to study the effect of modification on the bond-line quality of the final product. The effects of different fillers on adhesion properties of the pMDI resin were tested on the plywood according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D–906-64) standard. The results showed that shear strength of the modified pMDI resins ranged from 0.3 to 1.083 MPa and 0.35 to 1.178 MPa for oak and pine plywoods, respectively. The modified samples with soy flour showed significant improvement in the shear strength with 261 and 236 percent higher shear strength than the control (pMDI) for samples from hardwood and softwood, respectively. Partial substitution of pMDI resin with soy flour at 30 percent substitution substantially improves the adhesion properties of pMDI resin.
Narrating the coronavirus crisis: state talk and state silence in the UK
Authors: Sim Joe , Tombs Steve
Published: June 2022

This article is concerned with critically analysing the state’s role in socially constructing the dominant narrative around COVID-19. It focuses on how the state’s ‘truth’ about the virus in general, and deaths in particular, has been generated through a number of social practices which facilitate the dissemination of this ‘truth’ while silencing alternative, more critical, narratives concerning the management of the virus. The paper also considers the question of responsibility. By 2021, the UK’s death rate was the third highest in the world. Given the state’s relentless attempt to shift responsibility onto those breaking the lockdown rules and away from the often-lamentable decisions made by government Ministers and their advisors, who should be held to account for these preventable deaths was, and remains, a key question. This issue is addressed in the last part of the paper.
Microsphere-assisted Fabry–Perot interferometry: proof of concept
Authors: Wang Weicheng , Jiang Chunlei , Tian Shaopeng , Chen Peng , Xu Kaichuan , Wu Hao , Yan Lun , Lu Yan
Published: June 2022

We propose a microsphere-assisted Fabry–Perot interferometry (MAFPI) for microstructure measurement. We stretch the single-mode fiber and combine it with microspheres of different sizes and refractive indices, which can form super-focused spots with different characteristics, that is, a photonic nanojet phenomenon. As a proof of principle, we performed scanning imaging of optical discs and holographic gratings by MAFPI. The optical disc image obtained by MAFPI is consistent with the result obtained by a scanning electron microscope, and the obtained grating image is consistent with the actual result.
Zoom optical system design for acousto-optic tunable filter camera assisted by programming multidimensional analysis
Authors: Gao Duorui , Li Tianlun
Published: June 2022

A medium infrared

1

2

×

continuous zoom optical system serving for an acousto-optic tunable filter spectral camera has been designed covering a 25–300 mm zooming range. Instead of relying on past experience for roughly determining the initial optical structure, a simulation programming based on Gaussian principle has been composed via MATLAB to accurately calculate the initial designing parameters, which is confirmed to be extremely close to the optimized results using Zemax. The relative design results have been multidimensionally analyzed in detail, which offers fresh thinking for future zoom optical design covering broadband operation wave band.
Dynamic bifunctional THz metasurface via dual-mode decoupling
Authors: Cong Xuan , Zeng Hongxin , Wang Shiqi , Shi Qiwu , Liang Shixiong , Sun Jiandong , Gong Sen , Lan Feng , Yang Ziqiang , Zhang Yaxin
Published: June 2022

Metasurfaces have powerful light field manipulation capabilities and have been researched and developed extensively in various fields. With an increasing demand for diverse functionalities, terahertz (THz) metasurfaces are also expanding their domain. In particular, integrating different functionalities into a single device is a compelling domain in metasurfaces. In this work, we demonstrate a functionally decoupled THz metasurface that can incorporate any two functions into one metasurface and switch dynamically through external excitation. This proposed metasurface is formed by the combination of split-ring resonators and phase change material vanadium dioxide (

VO

2

). It operates in the single-ring resonant mode and double-ring resonant mode with varying

VO

2

in insulating and metallic states, respectively. More importantly, the phase modulation is independent in two operating modes, and both cover a 360° cross-polarized phase with efficient polarization conversion. This characteristic makes it obtain arbitrary independent phase information on the metasurface with different modes to switch dual functions dynamically. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the functions of a tunable focal length and large-angle focus deflection of a THz off-axis parabolic mirror to verify the dual-function switching characteristics of the functionally decoupled metasurface. The functionally decoupled metasurface developed in this work broadens the way for the research and application of multifunctional modulation devices in the THz band.
Nanoscale organization of ryanodine receptor distribution and phosphorylation pattern determines the dynamics of calcium sparks
Authors: Hernández Mesa María , van den Brink Jonas , Louch William E. , McCabe Kimberly J. , Rangamani Padmini
Published: June 2022

Super-resolution imaging techniques have provided a better understanding of the relationship between the nanoscale organization and function of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in cardiomyocytes. Recent data have indicated that this relationship is disrupted in heart failure (HF), as RyRs are dispersed into smaller and more numerous clusters. However, RyRs are also hyperphosphorylated in this condition, and this is reported to occur preferentially within the cluster centre. Thus, the combined impact of RyR relocalization and sensitization on Ca2+ spark generation in failing cardiomyocytes is likely complex and these observations suggest that both the nanoscale organization of RyRs and the pattern of phosphorylated RyRs within clusters could be critical determinants of Ca2+ spark dynamics. To test this hypothesis, we used computational modeling to quantify the relationships between RyR cluster geometry, phosphorylation patterns, and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release. We found that RyR cluster disruption results in a decrease in spark fidelity and longer sparks with a lower amplitude. Phosphorylation of some RyRs within the cluster can play a compensatory role, recovering healthy spark dynamics. Interestingly, our model predicts that such compensation is critically dependent on the phosphorylation pattern, as phosphorylation localized within the cluster center resulted in longer Ca2+ sparks and higher spark fidelity compared to a uniformly distributed phosphorylation pattern. Our results strongly suggest that both the phosphorylation pattern and nanoscale RyR reorganization are critical determinants of Ca2+ dynamics in HF.
Non-monotonic effects of GABAergic synaptic inputs on neuronal firing
Authors: Abed Zadeh Aghil , Turner Brandon D. , Calakos Nicole , Brunel Nicolas
Published: June 2022

GABA is generally known as the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system, usually acting by hyperpolarizing membrane potential. However, GABAergic currents sometimes exhibit non-inhibitory effects, depending on the brain region, developmental stage or pathological condition. Here, we investigate the diverse effects of GABA on the firing rate of several single neuron models, using both analytical calculations and numerical simulations. We find that GABAergic synaptic conductance and output firing rate exhibit three qualitatively different regimes as a function of GABA reversal potential,EGABA: monotonically decreasing for sufficiently lowEGABA(inhibitory), monotonically increasing forEGABAabove firing threshold (excitatory); and a non-monotonic region for intermediate values ofEGABA. In the non-monotonic regime, small GABA conductances have an excitatory effect while large GABA conductances show an inhibitory effect. We provide a phase diagram of different GABAergic effects as a function of GABA reversal potential and glutamate conductance. We find that noisy inputs increase the range ofEGABAfor which the non-monotonic effect can be observed. We also construct a micro-circuit model of striatum to explain observed effects of GABAergic fast spiking interneurons on spiny projection neurons, including non-monotonicity, as well as the heterogeneity of the effects. Our work provides a mechanistic explanation of paradoxical effects of GABAergic synaptic inputs, with implications for understanding the effects of GABA in neural computation and development.
Association of prehospital airway management technique with survival outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients
Authors: Jung Eujene , Ro Young Sun , Ryu Hyun Ho , Shin Sang Do
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Despite numerous studies on airway management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients, the choice of prehospital airway management technique remains controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the association between prehospital advanced airway management and survival outcomes according to a transport time interval (TTI) using nationwide OHCA registry database in Korea.

Methods

The inclusion criteria were patients with OHCA aged over 18 years old with a presumed cardiac etiology between January 2015 and December 2018. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. The main exposure was the prehospital airway management technique performed by the emergency medical technicians (EMTs), classified as bag-valve mask (BVM), supraglottic airway (SGA), or endotracheal intubation (ETI).We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis and interaction analysis between the type of airway management and TTI for adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Of a total of 70,530 eligible OHCA patients, 26,547 (37.6%), 38,391 (54.4%), and 5,592 (7.9%) were managed with BVM, SGA, ETI, respectively. Patients in the SGA and ETI groups had a higher odds of survival to discharge than BVM groups (aOR, 1.11 (1.05–1.16) and 1.13 (1.05–1.23)). And the rates of survival to discharge with SGA and ETI were significantly higher in groups with TTI more than 8 minutes (1.17 (1.08–1.27) and 1.38 (1.20–1.59)).

Conclusion

The survival to discharge was significantly higher among patients who received ETI and SGA than in those who received BVM. The transport time interval influenced the effect of prehospital airway management on the clinical outcomes after OHCA.
T cell stimulation remodels the latently HIV-1 infected cell population by differential activation of proviral chromatin
Authors: Lindqvist Birgitta , Jütte Bianca B. , Love Luca , Assi Wlaa , Roux Julie , Sönnerborg Anders , Tezil Tugsan , Verdin Eric , Svensson J. Peter
Published: June 2022

The reservoir of latently HIV-1 infected cells is heterogeneous. To achieve an HIV-1 cure, the reservoir of activatable proviruses must be eliminated while permanently silenced proviruses may be tolerated. We have developed a method to assess the proviral nuclear microenvironment in single cells. In latently HIV-1 infected cells, a zinc finger protein tethered to the HIV-1 promoter produced a fluorescent signal as a protein of interest came in its proximity, such as the viral transactivator Tat when recruited to the nascent RNA. Tat is essential for viral replication. In these cells we assessed the proviral activation and chromatin composition. By linking Tat recruitment to proviral activity, we dissected the mechanisms of HIV-1 latency reversal and the consequences of HIV-1 production. A pulse of promoter-associated Tat was identified that contrasted to the continuous production of viral proteins. As expected, promoter H3K4me3 led to substantial expression of the provirus following T cell stimulation. However, the activation-induced cell cycle arrest and death led to a surviving cell fraction with proviruses encapsulated in repressive chromatin. Further, this cellular model was used to reveal mechanisms of action of small molecules. In a proof-of-concept study we determined the effect of modifying enhancer chromatin on HIV-1 latency reversal. Only proviruses resembling active enhancers, associated with H3K4me1 and H3K27ac and subsequentially recognized by BRD4, efficiently recruited Tat upon cell stimulation. Tat-independent HIV-1 latency reversal of unknown significance still occurred. We present a method for single cell assessment of the microenvironment of the latent HIV-1 proviruses, used here to reveal how T cell stimulation modulates the proviral activity and how the subsequent fate of the infected cell depends on the chromatin context.
Maintenance and dissemination of avian-origin influenza A virus within the northern Atlantic Flyway of North America
Authors: Prosser Diann J. , Chen Jiani , Ahlstrom Christina A. , Reeves Andrew B. , Poulson Rebecca L. , Sullivan Jeffery D. , McAuley Daniel , Callahan Carl R. , McGowan Peter C. , Bahl Justin , Stallknecht David E. , Ramey Andrew M.
Published: June 2022

Wild waterbirds, the natural reservoirs for avian influenza viruses, undergo migratory movements each year, connecting breeding and wintering grounds within broad corridors known as flyways. In a continental or global view, the study of virus movements within and across flyways is important to understanding virus diversity, evolution, and movement. From 2015 to 2017, we sampled waterfowl from breeding (Maine) and wintering (Maryland) areas within the Atlantic Flyway (AF) along the east coast of North America to investigate the spatio-temporal trends in persistence and spread of influenza A viruses (IAV). We isolated 109 IAVs from 1,821 cloacal / oropharyngeal samples targeting mallards(Anas platyrhynchos)and American black ducks(Anas rubripes), two species having ecological and conservation importance in the flyway that are also host reservoirs of IAV. Isolates with >99% nucleotide similarity at all gene segments were found between eight pairs of birds in the northern site across years, indicating some degree of stability among genome constellations and the possibility of environmental persistence. No movement of whole genome constellations were identified between the two parts of the flyway, however, virus gene flow between the northern and southern study locations was evident. Examination of banding records indicate direct migratory waterfowl movements between the two locations within an annual season, providing a mechanism for the inferred viral gene flow. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses provided evidence for virus dissemination from other North American wild birds to AF dabbling ducks (Anatinae), shorebirds (Charidriformes), and poultry (Galliformes). Evidence was found for virus dissemination from shorebirds to gulls (Laridae), and dabbling ducks to shorebirds and poultry. The findings from this study contribute to the understanding of IAV ecology in waterfowl within the AF.
Device Closure of a Postoperative Residual Atrial Septal Defect after Seven Years
Authors: Dolly Mathew
Published: June 2022

Postoperative residual atrial septal defect (ASD) is well explained and is usually small and of no hemodynamic significance, but large residual atrial septal defects are to be closed. Here we report a case of postoperative residual ASD which was reported as a small residual ASD in the immediate postoperative period, later presented to us with hemodynamically significant large residual symptomatic ASD. The residual ASD was successfully closed with a Floret ASD occluder device.
Endodontic Management of Maxillary Premolar with Different Variations of Canal Configuration
Authors: Sarah Devina  , Wandania Farahanny  , Nevi Yanti
Published: June 2022

Endodontic treatment is reported to have a high success rate, but the missed canal is reported in 42% as the cause of retreatment. Root canal morphology varies and is complex due to the splitting and union of canals. Wide variations in internal morphology of maxillary premolar have been studied; Vertucci even classified root canal systems into eight types of configurations. Ahmed et al. also classified root canal configuration in a new classification method. Studies of root canal morphology of maxillary premolar in Asian populations show that about 2-5 % of them are having (1-2) canal configuration, and 9-26 % are having (2-1) canal configuration. This article reports and discusses the endodontic management of maxillary premolars with different canal configurations. Endodontic success in teeth with additional canals requires meticulous clinical and radiographic examination. Angled radiographic view, magnification and also tactile examination with a small, pre-curved K-file tip are also recommended, to indicate the additional canal. A thorough understanding of common anatomy and appreciation of the possible variations in morphology are essential to gain success in root canal treatment. After successfully identifying canal configuration, cleaning and shaping can be done. Obturation is also a challenging part of the cases; some modification is needed to gain three-dimensional obturation to prevent reinfection.
Nonsurgical Management of Periapical Lesions of Mandibular First Molar - Case Report
Authors: Nelmi Wahyuni  , Widi Prasetia
Published: June 2022

Periapical lesions develop from non-vital teeth. In teeth with non-hermetic root canal filling, the presence of microleakage bacteria will invade the root canal and reach the periradicular area and cause inflammation so that it develops into periapical lesions as a form of failure of root canal treatment. Periapical lesions should be treated with a non-surgical endodontic procedure with a fair success rate. The purpose of this case report was to evaluate conventional endodontics as non-surgical management of teeth with a periapical lesion in previously treated teeth.

Case: A 25-year-old female patient came to a private practice with a complaint of cavity in her lower left molar. One month ago, she had a throbbing tooth pain for which she took analgesic medication. The tooth was treated by root canal treatment about 6 years ago. The patient had no history of systemic disease.

Case Management: Occlusal Adjustment, non-vital root canal treatment, the core build-up (fibre reinforced composite) and full coverage direct composite restoration.

Conclusion: Adequate root canal treatment affects the success of endodontic treatment, in this case, there was very good progress in healing of the periapical lesion.

Periapical lesions develop from non-vital teeth. In teeth with non-hermetic root canal filling, the presence of microleakage bacteria will invade the root canal and reach the periradicular area and cause inflammation so that it develops into periapical lesions as a form of failure of root canal treatment. Periapical tissue develops in response to microbial assumption and their by-products that infiltrate the periradicular tissues and activate the host's immune reaction. A dynamic encounter between the host's immune response and microbial infective factors at the interface of the periodontal membrane and infected pulpal tissue results in various periapical lesions.[1,2,3]

Periapical lesions should be treated with a non-surgical endodontic procedure with a fair success rate. Microbial elimination or minimization from the pulp system using efficient chemo mechanical preparation can lead to a successful treatment.[1,4,5] The aim of this case report is to evaluate conventional endodontics as non-surgical management of teeth with a periapical lesion.
A Review of Attempts to Improve Cow Fertility Through Reproductive Management: Estrous Synchronisation
Authors: Elmetwally Mohammed A , Hussien Adel , Sharawy Heba , Mostagir Amira , Risha Engy , Risha Engy , Eldomany Wael , O Hegab Abdelrouf , Zaabel Samy M , Darwish Madeha H
Published: June 2022

This review focused on the various methods for controlling estrous cycles in well-managed dairy cows. Because up to 70% of dairy cows may stay non-pregnant after an AI procedure, an effective approach for identifying and reinseminating open cows is essential for dairy herds to achieve optimal reproductive performance. Overall, well-managed dairy farms with effective estrus detection programs inseminate 50% or more of non-pregnant cows after behavioral estrus is detected. Cows not detected in estrus are admitted in a resynchronization of ovulation procedure to receive a timed AI (TAI) service to avoid a long interbreeding interval. In Egypt, a widely used program involves starting the Ovsynch protocol (GnRH-7 d-PGF2-56 h-GnRH-16 to 20 h-TAI) 32 days after an initial AI, regardless of pregnancy status. Previous studies have proven that there was no difference in pregnancy/artificial insemination (P/AI) between Ovsynch+P4 and Presynch-Ovsynch, both protocols were equally effective in improving the fertility of cows with a CL 15 mm. The review also addressed different methods for synchronization of ovulation and different factors affecting the selection of the management program.
KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN KOLEKSI: AKUISISI KOLEKSI DI PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI TRINITY DUBLIN
Authors: Hayatuddiniyah Hayatuddiniyah
Published: June 2022

This article aims to investigate the collection activities carried out by the Dublin Trinity College Library as part of the collections development process. The method used in this article is a qualitative method, and the data collection technique uses literature studies. Dublin Trinity College Library is one of the higher education libraries in Ireland which has a collection of more than 6 million printed volumes with a collection of journals, manuscripts, maps and music. The collection's acquisition as a collection development undertaken by the Dublin Trinity College Library was a purchase and a grant. Purchases are made independently with predetermined criteria such as collections that support teaching, learning, and research at Trinity Dublin College. And acquisitions through grants consist of providing copies of archives and documents published by the Commonwealth of England, namely the British and Irish intelligence.
Menggali Narasi, Melestarikan Tradisi: Warisan Konsep Water Preservation Pada Makam Sunan Muria
Authors: Thoriquttyas Titis , Ahsin Nurul
Published: June 2022

This study examines the legacy of Sunan Muria's thoughts on conserving water sourced from the sign and symbol around the graves The existence of water plays an important role in the religious studies. Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism use water as an important component in every religious ritual. Therefore, one of the contemporary issues in Islamic studies that has attracted the attention of scholars is water conservation. Based on initial observations, researchers found a water jar that is sacred by the local community. Social, religious, and cultural narratives about sacred concepts are the main points of this research. In addition, based on extensive field research, various interviews and literature studies on related topics, the researcher explores the complexity of the heritage of water conservation thought in Sunan Muria's perspective through the identification of signs and symbols on their tombs from the concepts of eco-theology; bi'ah al-hudry.
Sentido de propriedade em crianças: bases evolucionistas
Authors: Donato Oliva Angela
Published: June 2022

O sentido de propriedade reflete o entendimento e o julgamento que as pes-soas apresentam em relação à apropriação e ao uso dos recursos disponíveis. A partir de um enfoque evolucionista, os objetivos deste artigo foram realizar uma análise teórica sobre a ontogênese do sentido de propriedade buscando descrever os critérios utilizados pelas crianças para atribuírem a propriedade a alguém e lançar uma hipótese explicativa de haver alguma vantagem adap-tativa para essa capacidade. Conclusões preliminares sugerem que crianças, em diferentes culturas, usam variados critérios para fazerem julgamentos e inferências sobre a posse e a propriedade e que o aparecimento precoce dessa capacidade desempenharia importante papel para as interações sociais, tais como o de minimizar conflitos originados pela disputa de recursos.
La “moda del burnout” en el sector salud: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Peralta Puentes Alejandro , Rosero Torres Liliana Elisa , Nevardo Malagón Jeadran
Published: June 2022

El propósito de la presente revisión sistemática fue describir la situación actual del Síndrome de Burnout en Colombia en estudiantes y trabajadores de las ciencias de la salud. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, Lilacs y repositorios de revistas: Scielo, Pubmed, Redylacs, BIREME. Se llevó a cabo un filtro inicial mediante títulos y resúmenes de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Posteriormente, se evaluó la calidad metodológica y con los estudios incluidos, se estimó la prevalencia global. Finalmente, fueron seleccionados tres estudios, la población total fue de 5874 estudiantes y profesionales de las ciencias de la salud, 96,1% (n=5647) y 3,86% (n=227) respectivamente. Esta revisión arroja que se necesitan más investigaciones e intervenciones con mayor rigurosidad metodológica en trabajadores y estudiantes de las ciencias de la salud que ayuden a caracterizar tempranamente el síndrome, además de intervenirlo una vez diagnosticado.
Black Feminist Citational Praxis and Disciplinary Belonging
Authors: Williams Bianca
Published: June 2022

What does a Black feminist citational practice look and feel like? This contribution to the #CiteBlackWomen colloquy focuses on two arguments: First, that Black feminist citational praxis is one of the major interventions Black women scholars contribute to the academy; and second, that anthropology’s neglect and erasure of Black feminist anthropologists relates to disciplinary (un)belonging. I explore how citation and “disciplinary belonging” influence hiring practices, doctoral training, intellectual genealogies, and what is valued as anthropological knowledge.
Decision Support for Investments in Sustainable Energy Sources Under Uncertainties
Authors: Batac Kenneth Ian Talosig , Collera Angelie Azcuna , Villanueva Resy Ordona , Agaton Casper Boongaling
Published: June 2022

Investment in sustainable energy sources is one of the climate mitigation strategies that can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector. However, in developing countries, investment is challenged by high capital expenditures and several uncertainties. This paper aims to provide decision support for investment in sustainable energy projects by evaluating the comparative attractiveness of shifting energy sources from fossil fuels to renewables and nuclear. Applying the real options approach (ROA), this paper calculates the value of the flexibility to postpone the investment decision and identifies the optimal timing (described here as the trigger price of coal) for shifting to sustainable energy sources. Then, various uncertainties are considered, such as coal and electricity prices, negative externality of using fossil fuels, and the risk of a nuclear accident, which are modelled using geometric Brownian motion, Poisson process, and Bernoulli probability. Applying the ROA model in the case of the Philippines, results find that investing in sustainable energy is a better option than continuing to use coal for electricity generation. However, contrary to conventional option valuation result that waiting is a better strategy, this study found that delaying or postponing the investment decisions may lead to possible opportunity losses. Among the available sustainable energy sources, geothermal is the most attractive with trigger prices of coal equal to USD 49.95/ton, followed by nuclear (USD 58.55/ton), wind (USD 69.48/ton), solar photovoltaic (USD 72.04/ton), and hydropower (USD 111.14/ton). Also, the occurrence of jump (extreme) prices of coal, raising the current feed-in-tariff, and considering negative externalities can decrease the trigger prices, which favor investments in sustainable energies. Moreover, the risk of a nuclear disaster favors investment in renewable energy sources over nuclear due to the huge damage costs once an accident occurs. Results provide bases for policy recommendations toward achieving a more secure and sustainable energy sector for developing countries that are highly dependent on imported fossil fuels.
Unhealthy Diets among Adult Populations in Sleman Districts, Yogyakarta: Pattern and Related Sociodemographic Determinants, Findings from Sleman HDSS
Authors: Lestari Septi Kurnia , Hartriyanti Yayuk , Wardani Ratri Kusuma
Published: June 2022

Background: In Yogyakarta Province, the Sleman Regency has the second-highest life expectancy at birth and a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). One of the common NCD risk factors is an unhealthy diet. Thus, it is important to understand the factors that influence an unhealthy diet.Objective: This study aimed to determine sociodemographic factors associated with an unhealthy diet intake in the Sleman Regency population.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional data from 4,963 adult respondents of the Sleman Health and Demographic Surveillance System was analyzed. A Descriptive test was done to measure the consumption frequency of sweet food and beverages, salty food, high-fat food, and food with monosodium glutamate (MSG). Generalized logistic regression was used to determine socioeconomic factors (residential area, age, gender, education level, marital status, and household wealth) that were associated with a higher frequency of unhealthy food consumption.Results: The majority of respondents reported frequent consumption of sweet food and beverages (82.4%), food that contains high fat (62%), and MSG (75.5%). About 46% of respondents reported frequent consumption of salty food.Conclusion: Education level, sex, age, household wealth status, and residential area are important determinants of a healthy diet.
Prevalence of Anemia and Correlation with Knowledge, Nutritional Status, Dietary Habits among Adolescent Girls at Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Utami Aras , Margawati Ani , Pramono Dodik , Wulandari Diah Rahayu
Published: June 2022

Background: Anemia is a globally public health problem, including in Indonesia (22.2%) and it has negative health impacts. Adolescent girls have high risk of anemia. Previous studies reported that adolescent girls at islamic boarding school had low food intake and poor knowledge about nutrition in preventing anemia. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anemia and to analyze association between knowledge, nutritional status, and dietary habits and anemia in adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2020 among adolescent girls at islamic boarding school in Semarang. A total of 162 respondents were selected by cluster sampling. Anemia was determined by measuring the hemoglobin level in the blood by Cyanmethemoglobin method. Knowledge and dietary habits were collected through questionnaires. Nutritional status was assessed by measuring weight and height, then classified by body mass index for age using WHO Anthro. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to test hypothesis and it was significant if p<0.05. Results: The prevalence of anemia was found to be 17.3%. In the bivariate analysis, overweight was more likely to have anemia (p=0.044). There was no association between father’s education, mother’s education, knowledge, frequency of staple food, breakfast habits, consumption of animal side dishes, consumption of vegetable side dishes, consumption of sweet tea and anemia. Mulitvariate model showed that overweight (OR=3.658; 95%CI=1.224-10.932; p=0.020) and good knowledge (OR=3.652; 95%CI=1.221-10.922; p=0.020) were significant associated with the anemia.Conclusion: Nutritional status and knowledge were significantly associated with anemia among adolescent girls.
Differences in eating habits and physical activity before and during distance learning
Authors: Maulina Yulia Rizki , Margawati Ani , Purwanti Rachma , Tsani A. Fahmy Arif
Published: June 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the enforcement of distance learning. This may cause negative impacts on adolescents' eating habits and physical activity.Objectives: This study aimed to analyse the differences in eating habits and physical activity before and during distance learning in adolescents.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 95 adolescents aged between 15-18 years. Subjects were selected using a simple random sampling method. Eating habits and physical activity variables were measured using modified Eating Habit and Lifestyle Changes in COVID-19 and Eating Habits Questionnaire. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank and McNemar tests were used to analyse the data.Results: There was an increase in frequency of meals two times/day (9.5%) and snacking three times/day (4.2%) reported during distance learning. There were significant differences in number of meals (p=0.014) and snacking (p=0.034), carbohydrates sources intake (p=0.046), sweet food (p=0.014), snack (p=0.016), exercise (p=0.035), exercise duration (p=0.004), and exercise frequency (p=0.030) before and during distance learning. There were no significant differences in protein-sources intake, vegetable, fruit, sweetened beverages, fried food, processed food, junk food, emotional eating, physiological eating, and ways of obtaining food before and during distance learning (p >0.05).Conclusion: Significant differences were found in eating habits comprised of the number of main meals and snacking, intake of carbohydrates sources, sweet food, snack, and physical activity before and during distance learning
Anthropometric Markers, Visceral Adipocyte Index, Inflammation Markers and Bone Density in Reproductive Obese Women
Authors: Hendrianingtyas Meita , B.Suromo Lisyani , Winarni Tri Indah
Published: June 2022

Background: Obesity has been associated with the risk of various diseases. The correlation between anthropometry and bone health is complex. Visceral adipocyte index (VAI) is one of the compositions of body fat compositions that mostly associated with proinflammatory cytokine, which can stimulate C- reactive protein (CRP) that affects bone density.Objectives: This study aimed to prove the correlation between VAI, CRP and BMD in Asian reproductive obese womenMaterials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2020 - February 2021 and a total of 134 women of reproductive age with obesity participated in this study. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and rate of visceral fat were measured by body composition analyzer. Waist (WC) and hip circumferences (HC) measured by using tape; lipid profile and CRP level were examined using a clinical chemistry automatic analyzer, and the examination of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Waist to hip ratio (WHR)and VAI calculated manually. Pearson and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis.Results: There were positive weak correlations between weight, height, BMI, WC, HC, rate of visceral fat, WHR and VAI. There were weak positive correlations between HC, WHR and CRP. There were positive moderate correlations between weight, height, BMI, waist, visceral fat, WHR and CRP. Conclusion: Although there were correlations between anthropometric parameters and VAI and also CRP, but we did not found correlation between VAI and CRP to all BMD parameters.
Anthropometric Measurements and Inflammatory Marker in Obese Women
Authors: Aulia Kartika Rizky , Hendrianingtyas Meita , Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan , Pramono Dodik
Published: June 2022

Background: Obesity is one of global epidemic health problems and its prevalence is higher among women. Obesity can cause low grade chronic inflammation mechanism in adipose tissue, which is characterized by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple inflammatory marker which can be reliable in evaluating the inflammatory status occurring in obese women. Waist to height ratio (WHtR) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) are anthropometric measurements, have been reported to be associated with obesity and risk of metabolic syndrome.Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation of WHtR and WHR with NLR in population of obese women.Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study enrolling 80 obese women with Body mass index (BMI) > 27 aged 30 - 50 years in National Diponegoro Hospital Semarang, Indonesia. WHtR was determined by dividing waist circumference by height and WHR was determined by dividing waist circumference by hip circumference. NLR was examined manually from automatic hematology analyzer by dividing absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). Spearman correlation test was performed, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: There was significant weak positive correlation between WHtR and NLR in obese women (p = 0,046; r = 0,224). There was no significant correlation between WHR and NLR in obese women (p = 0,961; r = 0,006).Conclusion: The present study showed that WHtR is one of better anthropometric measurement because it is associate with NLR as a simple marker of inflammation in obese women.
Provision of Local Food-Based Formula Using Pila Ampullacea, Tempeh, and Moringa Oleifera Leaves to the Acceptability and Nutrition Intake in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Widiany Fery Lusviana , Sja’bani Mochammad , Susetyowati Susetyowati , Huriyati Emy
Published: June 2022

Background: One of the actions that can be taken to overcome malnutrition in hemodialysis is to improve nutrient intake. It is necessary to provide local food-based formula using Pila ampullacea, tempeh with local soybean, and Moringa oleifera leaves for hemodialysis patients.Objective: To analyze the effect of local food-based formula using Pila ampullacea, tempeh, and Moringa oleifera leaves to the acceptability and nutrition intake in hemodialysis patients.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia from February to March 2020. Subjects were 54 maintenance hemodialysis patients who met the criteria of study. The independent variable was the provision of local food-based formula, while the dependent variable were the acceptability and nutrition intake.Results: As many as 42.59% of subjects were able to consume all the formula given for three days and 50% of subjects have good acceptance of the local food-based formula. The effect of formula intake to the total intake of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, water, calcium, phosphorus, iron showed p-value <0.05, but p-value ≥0.05 for protein, fat, sodium, and potassium. The effect of the non-formula intake to the total intake for all nutrients showed p-value <0.05.Conclusion: Most of the subjects have a good acceptance of the local food-based formula. Formula intake affects total intake of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, water, calcium, phosphorus, and iron, but does not affect total intake of protein, fat, sodium, and potassium. The total intake for all nutrients was affected by the subject's intake of non-formula sources.
Nano reinforcement technique as a tool for enhancement the mechanical and fatigue properties
Authors: AL-Mushehdany Abdulwahab , Yahya Mazin Mahmood , Ibrahim Esraa Kadhim , Alalkawi Hussain Jasim M.
Published: June 2022

For the past three decades, AA7075 based metal matrix composite materials showed more attraction due to their enhanced mechanical and fatigue properties. The mechanical and fatigue behaviour of nano composites needs more investigation for their applications. In the present study, stir casting route based AA7075 reinforced with nano – sized, Al2O3 particles (average size 35 nm). The evaluation of mechanical and fatigue properties in the nano cast composites and matrix were carried out at room temperature (RT). The composites and base metalwere subjected to high and low cycle fatigue. Scanning Electron Microscope was used to estimate fatigue behaviour of nano composites samples. The mechanical and fatigue properties was enhanced by the nano Al2O3, when compared to the matrix. The microsite evaluation showed uniform distribution of Al2O3 particles into the matrix and few porosity was recorded. The improvement of the properties above is attributed to the grain refinement and to the distribution of the Al2O3.
When does “inhibition of return” occur in spatial cueing tasks? Temporally disentangling multiple cue-triggered effects using response history and conditional accuracy analyses
Authors: Panis Sven , Schmidt Thomas
Published: June 2022

Research on spatial cueing has shown that uninformative cues often facilitate mean response time (RT) performance in valid- compared to invalid-cueing conditions at short cue-target stimulus-onset-asynchronies (SOAs), and robustly generate a reversed or inhibitory cueing effect at longer SOAs that is widely known as inhibition-of-return (IOR). To study the within-trial time course of the IOR and facilitation effects we employ discrete-time hazard and conditional accuracy analyses to analyze the shapes of the RT and accuracy distributions measured in two experimental tasks. Our distributional analyses show that (a) IOR is present only from ~160 ms to ~280 ms after target onset for cue-target SOAs above ~200 ms, (b) facilitation does not precede IOR, but co-occurs with it, (c) the cue-triggered motor response activation is selectively and actively inhibited before target onset, (d) the IOR effect consists of a facilitatory and an inhibitory component when compared to central cueing, (e) the addition of an extra central cue causes a temporary negative cueing effect in the conditional accuracy functions, and (f) the within-trial time course of IOR is not affected much by the task employed (detection or localization). We conclude that the traditional mean performance measures conceal crucial information on behavioral dynamics in spatial cueing paradigms.
Effects of layup parameters and interference value on the performance of CFRP–metal interference fit joints
Authors: Zhang Jinguang , Huang Yang , Ma Xiangyu , Wen Xianglong , Rao Jun , Dou Yukuan , Zang Meng
Published: June 2022

Based on the thick-wall cylinder theory and composite material mechanics, the stress distribution model of the CFRP shaft tube and metal shaft head has been established, and the relationship between the layup parameters and the value of interference on the maximum assembly force and failure torque in the interference fit joints of the CFRP shaft tube and the metal shaft head is deduced. Combining the three-dimensional finite element analysis model with experimental data, the result shows that the layup angles of the CFRP shaft tube have a greater influence on the joint connection performance than the layup sequence, and the larger the layup angle, the better the joint assembly performance while keeping the value of interference constant. The maximum assembly force and failure torque of the interference fit joints increase linearly while the value of the interference amount increases when the layup parameters are constant.