bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CFD Simulation of Spraying with Air Jet
Authors: Jia Wei Dong , Li Cheng , Lu Jun , Yang Ning , Wang Zhen Tao
Published: February 2012

Droplet drift is always an accompaniment of pesticide spraying and can cause serious consequences. In this paper, we used a computational fluid dynamics software package (FLUENT) to analyze flow fields of spraying with air jet under different conditions in the tunnel model, and compared the effect of air jet on spray deposition and drift. Results of this study indicate that air jet can act directly on the spray droplets and affect their distribution and movement. Larger jet velocity has better performance on the drift reduction and droplet deposition. Droplets in the flow fields with larger jet velocity can get more kinetic energy and arrive at the root of crops easilier. When droplets are released straight down, larger velocity of droplets can be given and better performance can be achieved either in terms of drift reduction or droplet deposition.
Study on Whole Life Cycle Management of Cutting Tool
Authors: Xu Jin Yan , Wang Gui Cheng , Liu Gang
Published: February 2012

.The research which aimed at low integration and inefficiency of the management in the existing tool management of the machinery manufacturing enterprise (group) in our country, based on the tool whole life cycle theory to develop a tool whole life cycle management system. Tool whole life cycle management not only achieves tool operation management but also achieves tool cost management. The system could use network database to store the data and output the data by the form of sheet. And it achieved tool information inquiry, distribution and integrated management.
Kinetic Characteristic of the Dust Particles around the Insulators
Authors: Wang Jing , Liang Xi Dong , Liu Yu
Published: February 2012

Contamination accumulation characteristic of the insulators depends on the kinetic characteristic of the particles moving around the insulators to a great degree. There are many forces acting on the particles due to the combined influence of the electric field, the air fluid field and the gravitational field. The main four forces, which are the polarization force, the electric field force, the steady-state drag force and the gravitational force, were analyzed. Their effects on the moving particles’ trajectories were studied by both experiments and numerical calculation. The results indicate that the polarization force acts where the strength of the electric field changes strongly. Once the particles are charged, the electric field force acts and can drive the particles moving along the electric field lines. When there is a strong wind, the steady-state drag force is dominant and the particles move with the wind. These results can better explain the contamination accumulation characteristic of different insulators under different operating conditions.
Investigation of Shapes and Extinction Limits of Premixed Flames in Large Centrifugal Acceleration Field
Authors: Wu Jin Xiang , Wang En Yu , Liu Lian Sheng , Gou Xiang
Published: February 2012

This paper presents the influence of the body-force in large centrifugal acceleration field on the shapes and extinction limits of the premixed flame of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and air. Experiments of combustion in various centrifugal acceleration fields were performed. The results indicate that the magnitude of the resultant body-force, composed mainly of centrifugal force and Coriolis force, is not the only cause of the extinction of flames, but the direction between the resultant body-force and jet direction of the premixed gases plays more important role. Coriolis force, which is always perpendicular to jet direction of the gases, results in the flame turning to sides of the nozzle, even extinction. The buoyancy effect is the mainly element to make the flame shape change: shorten, lengthen or deflect, and improve or weaken combustion. It is favorable for stability of the flame as the included angle of rotating tangent direction to gas flow jet direction is positive.
Computation of Turbulent Flows in Natural Gas Pipes with Different Rectifiers
Authors: Xiong Z.H. , Li Zhen Lin
Published: February 2012

With the development of natural gas industry, improving the accuracy of the flowmeter systems is becoming the common concerned problem both corporations and customers. Many experiments demonstrate that the different flow field structures in pipes with diverse baffle installations have great influence on the measure accuracy of flowmeters. In order to measure the flux in pipes more accurate, the flowmeters must be installed downstream the baffles far away so that the irregular flows induced by baffles have less influence on the flowmeters. However, the installation lengths downstream baffles for flowmeters in ISO are are usually much longer than the allowable lengths for the local flowmeters. To decrease the installation lengths and loss measure accuracy of flowmeters as little as possible, it is necessary to study the flows in pipes with baffles. CFD is a good tool for the study. Here, the flows in a diffusive pipe with various rectifiers are computed as examples. The lengths of the irregular flows induced by the diffuser and rectifier are shown. By analyzing and comparison the numerical results, the installation lengths for flowmeters and the rectification of the different rectifiers are confirmed. The study conclusions will be very useful for guiding the local flowmeter selection and installation in the future.
New Shape-Controlled Nanocrystalline SrSiO3 Photocatalyst: Template-Free Syntheses and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wang Xiao Wei , Liang Shi Jing , Wu Wei Ming , Liu Guo Dong , Zhang Shi Long , Zheng Hua Rong , Wu Ling
Published: February 2012

Nanocrystalline SrSiO3 with different morphologies was first selectively prepared by a facile template-free solvothermal method at different water/ethanol volume ratios. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2-sorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the as-prepared samples SrSiO3 displayed nanoflakes in pure water while obtained nanofibres in mixed solvent of water and ethanol (the volume ratio of water to ethanol is 1:1.). The BET specific surface area of SrSiO3 nanofibre is 161.7 m2 g-1, which is much higher than that of nanoflake one. The mechanisms about the formations of shape-controlled SrSiO3 are proposed and discussed based on a reaction-crystallization process. As a novel photocatalyst, the photocatalytic activity of as-prepared samples SrSiO3 were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of orange II (20 mg L-1) and the total organic carbon (TOC) value indicated that orange II solution can be mineralized in 120 min.
Different Solar Cell Performance under the Concentrator Conditions
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Sheng Ming Yu
Published: February 2012

The photoelectrical responsibility of single photo-electronic devices makes it difficult to achieve the high efficiency under light intensity range. The key to overcome limits is to develop the system consisting of a set of solar cells. In this work, we predict the model parameters under various conditions combination of three model parameters change with the relationship between light and temperature and then predict the value of the model parameters under various conditions and thus predict the components of the output characteristics under 0.5S UN--6.0 SUN. The results given in this work will provide a way to realize a high photo-electric conversion efficiency of the solar system in application.
Prediction of Glass Transition Temperature of Polymer by Support Vector Regression
Authors: Pei J.F. , Cai C.Z. , Zhu X.J. , Wang G.L. , Yan B.
Published: February 2012

. Based on two quantum chemical descriptors (the thermal energy Ethermal and the total energy of the whole system EHF) calculated from the structures of the repeat units of polyacrylamides by density functional theory (DFT), the support vector regression (SVR) approach combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO), is proposed to establish a model for prediction of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyacrylamides. The prediction performance of SVR was compared with that of multivariate linear regression (MLR). The results show that the mean absolute error (MAE=4.65K), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE=1.28%) and correlation coefficient (R2=0.9818) calculated by leave-one–out cross validation (LOOCV) via SVR models are superior to those achieved by QSPR (MAE=14.25K, MAPE=4.39% and R2=0.9211) and QSPR-LOO (MAE=17.01K, MAPE=5.66% and R2=0.8823) models for the identical samples, respectively. The prediction results strongly demonstrate that the modeling and generalization abilities of SVR model consistently surpass those of QSPR and QSPR-LOO models. It is revealed that the established SVR model is more suitable to be used for prediction of the Tg values for unknown polymers possessing similar structure than the conventional MLR approach. These suggest that SVR is a promising and practical methodology to predict the glass transition temperature of polyacrylamides.
Modes Excitation by Input Field of Different Positions in Three-Mode Photonic Crystal Waveguides
Authors: Shi Xiao Yan , Yang Wu , Yang Hua , Wang Xiu Ze
Published: February 2012

We investigate modes excitation with input field of different positions in three-mode photonic crystal waveguides. The three-mode photonic crystal waveguides is formed by removing three rows rods in 2D photonic crystals. The input field with different positions can excite different modes due to the field intensity distribution of modes. When the input field locates at the position of the zero field intensity of the waveguide mode, the mode can not be excited. The finite-difference time-domain method is used to obtain the excited field distributions.
Antibacterial Activities of Antibacterial Proteins/Peptides Isolated from Organs and Mucus of Clarias Gariepinus Reared at High Stocking Density
Authors: Wang Xiao Mei , Dai Wei , Xing Ke Zhing , Li Tian Jun , Wang Xin
Published: February 2012

. Antibacterial proteins/peptides are important parts of the innate immune system in Clarias gariepinus. To examine potential antibacterial proteins/peptides in organs and mucus of C. gariepinus, crude protein/peptide extracts were isolated with ammonium sulfate precipitation from mucus, skin, gill, suprabranchial organ and intestine. Following further extraction using Sephadex G-50 gel filtration chromatography, the proteins/peptides associated with two absorption peaks (AP1 and AP2) were pooled, respectively, and assayed for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda. The results showed that AP1 and AP2 from all the sampled tissues and mucus at concentration of 100 mg mL-1 exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. Differences in antibacterial activity were observed among sample extracts. The protein profiles of AP1 obtained by Tricine-SDS-PAGE gel showed a broad range of peptides/proteins, and molecular weight of the mutual abundant peptide obtained was about 27 kDa. Antibacterial activity of AP2 extracted from intestine was due to peptide with molecular weight of 5.5 kDa.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Nanocompo-Sites Prepared Using Elastomeric Copolymers and Nano-SiO2
Authors: Zhou Shi Biao , Xiao An Guo , Zheng Qing Yun , Wang Kun , Chen Zhen Gan , Zhang Wei Qing , Hao Ai Ping
Published: February 2012

Nanocomposites were obtained by mixing elastomeric copolymer and nanoSiO2 in double-screw extruder at 130-150°C, in which the elastomeric copolymer was prepared by copolymerization of poly (methyl methacrylate (PMMA) macromonomer and butyl acrylate (BA) in benzene using azobisisobutyro-nitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The results indicated that increasing the amount of PMMA, the molecular weight of PMMA and copolymers, nanosilica charged resulted in improving the tensile strength and modulus at 300% elongation of nanocomposites, on the contrary, decreasing ultimate elongation and permanent set decrease. In additions, the tensile strength and the modulus at 300% elongation of nanocomposites reached to a maximum while the mass ratio of nanoSiO2 to copolymer was 3%.
Study on Synthesis and Properties of a Starch-Polyacrylamide Graft Copolymer by HRP
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Ma Yan Fen , Li Di
Published: February 2012

A starch-polyacrylamide graft copolymer has been synthesized in water by means of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2/acetylacetone (ACAC). It is discussed through single factor experiment that the effects of system pH, reaction temperature and amount of HRP on the residual acrylamide (AAM) content. The results show that the ideal copolymer was synthesized when mass ratio of starch and AAM was 2:1, and catalyst was HRP/H2O2 at 30 °C for 3.5 h. The residual AAM content was about 1.0%. The structure and properties of the graft copolymer are characterized by FTIR, NMR. The graft copolymer is used as retannage.
Preparation and Properties of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with Hydroxy Terminated Side Chains
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Duan Jian Ping , Li Fang
Published: February 2012

Maleic anhydride modified polycarboxylates superplasticizes (MPC) was synthesized from allylic poly (ethylene oxide ether) (APEG), maleic anhydride (MAH), sodium methylallyl sulfonate (SMAS) using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The optimal MPC with best fluidity was got at 90 °C when molar ratio of MAH, APEG, SAMA was 2.75∶1∶0.4 in the present of 4.5 mol% APS of all the monomer molars. MPC which possessed hydroxyl terminated side chains shows some difference in fluidity retarding related to the conventional superplasticizers possessed methoxy terminated side chains.
Synthesis of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with β-Cyclodextrins as Side Chain
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Gao Rui Jun , Li Di
Published: February 2012

A new polycarboxylate superplasticizer (NPC) was synthesized by radical copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MAH), sodium methylacryl sulfonate (MAS), allyl polyethylene glycols (APEG), and β-cyclodextrins grafted maleic anhydride (MAH-β-CD) using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The effect of feeding mode and molar ratio of monomers, contents of MAH-β-CD and reaction temperature on fluidity was discussed. The results show that the excellent properties of NPC were obtained when molar ratios of MAH, MAS, APEG and MAH-β-CD were 2.5: 0.5 : 1 : 0.1 in the presence of 1 mol% APS of all molar of vinyl monomers at 90 °C for 5 h. Meanwhile, the molecular structure was characterized by FTIR spectrum.
Synthesis of L-Azetidine-2-Carboxylic Acid
Authors: Jin Jian Zhong , Zhang Jie
Published: February 2012

L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, the first known example naturally occurring azetidine, was synthesized in a novel, simple, clean and improved procedure. It was synthesized from γ-butyrolactone through four steps: bromination and esterification, cyclization, hydrogenation and resolution. The overall yield could reach 13.2%.
A Study of Predominated Pathway of Initial Processes in Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon-Carbide from Methyltrichlorosilane and Hydrogen System
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Yan Li , Liu Yan , Su Ke He , Zeng Qing Feng , Cheng Lai Fei , Zhang Li Tong
Published: February 2012

The initial pathways in the CVD process of preparing silicon carbides with CH3SiCl3-H2 precursors was searched theoretically, which involves 21 well-defined transition states. The geometries of the species were optimized by employing the B3PW91/6-311G(d,p) method. The energy barriers and the reaction energies were evaluated with the accurate model chemistry method at G3(MP2) level after a non-dynamical electronic correlation detection. The heat capacities and entropies were obtained with statistical thermodynamics. The Gibbs free energies at 298.15 K and 1200 K for all the possible elementary reactions, including both direct decomposition and the radical attacking dissociations for MTS were reported. The energies at any temperature could be derived classically by using the analytical heat capacities. It was found that the free radical reactions have clearly kinetic ascendency to be the most efficient decomposition pathway.
Adsorption Properties of Dye onto Mg/Al-CO3 Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Zhang Li Fang , Wei De Zhou
Published: February 2012

Adsorption of reactive red on Mg/Al-CO3 layered double hydroxide in a batch stirred system was investigated. Experiments were carried out as function of Mg/Al molar ratio, contact time, initial pH, adsorbent amount and temperature. It was found that the maximum dye removal was at Mg/Al molar ratio of 3. Solution pH ranging from 2-8 had little effect on adsorption rate. Dye removal decreased with increased temperature in studied temperature range. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used for modeling the adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption equilibrium data could well interpreted by the Langmuir models with maximum adsorption capacity of 131.58 mg/g (R2=0.9986). The results indicate the possible dye removal from water by using Mg/Al-CO3 layered double hydroxide.
Ultrasound Changes Solid-Liquid Leaching Equilibrium of Glycyrrhizic Acid from Glycyrrhiza Uralensis in Water
Authors: Yang Xiao Guang , Dong Hong Xing , Yue Guo Jun , Lv Yuan , Tang Jin Yong , Liu Wen Xin
Published: February 2012

This work reported that ultrasound changed the solid-liquid leaching equilibrium of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) from glycyrrhiza uralensis in water. Several critical variables were considered, including temperature, ultrasonic power and frequency. The equilibrium concentration of GA increased by increasing the temperature, while the optimal ultrasonic frequency was affected by the temperature and the ultrasonic power affected the concentration lightly when the power was more than 100W. To investigate the cause that ultrasound changed the solid-liquid leaching equilibrium, a scanning electron microscope was used to observe the solid structure before ultrasound treatment and after that. It was found that ultrasound was able to change the structure of glycyrrhiza uralensis. So a new equilibrium was built and the equilibrium concentration of GA was influenced because the solid structure was transformed by ultrasound.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Spectrum Studies of Bromocoumarin Derivants: C10H5Br3O and C12H9BrO4
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Peng , Li Xue Long , Fu Jia Jun
Published: February 2012

The3,6,8-tribromo-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (a) and 7-acetoxy-4-bromomethyl coumarin (b) have been prepared and characterized by IR and NMR spectum, and thermal analyses. The crystal and molecular structures of them were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The compound (a) crystallizes in Orthorhobmic system, space group Pbca, with lattice parameters a = 8.3346(9), b =16.2420(19), c =16.726(2) Å, α=β=γ=90°, Mr= 412.87, V = 2264.2(5) Å3, Z = 8, Dc= 2.422 g/cm3, F(000) = 1552, R = 0.0575 and wR = 0.0817. The compound (b) crystallizes in Triclinic system, space group P-1, with lattice parameters a = 7.6540(15), b = 7.6880(15), c = 10.654(2) Å, α = 101.49(3), β = 98.32(3), γ = 103.68(3)°, Mr = 297.10, V = 584.7(2) Å3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.688 g/cm3, F(000) = 296, R = 0.0578 and wR = 0.1353. In the (a) structure, The three Br-C bond distances are in the range of 1.870(8) ~ 1.894(6) Å. In the (b) structure, The Br-C bond distance is 1.956 (6) Å. The IR spectral data are in agreement with the structural data. The band at 577 cm-1 , 582cm-1 in the compound (a) and (b) could be assigned to the vC-Br stretching vibration. Because of the hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking between 1,2-benzopyrone rings and 1,2-benzopyrone rings of the adjacent molecule. The title compound also shows good fluorescent behaviors.
Characterization and Thermal Degradation of Polyimide Derived from 5-amino-2(p-aminophenyl) Benzoxazole Monomer with Pyromellitic Dianhydride
Authors: Meng Xiang Li , Jiang Ling , Huang Yu Dong
Published: February 2012

- 5-amino-2(p-aminophenyl) benzoxazole (AAPB) and its derived polyimide prepared with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) were synthesized successfully. Their structures were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, Element analysis, 13C NMR, Solid-state 13CNMR, DSC, TG and XRD. The polyimide was synthesized via a conventional two-stage method. The intermediate poly (amic acid) had inherent viscosity of 1.06dL/g and could be thermally converted into light yellow polyimide film. The polyimide showed excellent solvent resistance and good thermal stability. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was found to be 314°C, the decomposition started at a temperature above 500°C in air and above 550°C in argon atmosphere. The thermal degradation of the polyimide was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in order to determine the actual reaction mechanisms of the decomposition process. The apparent activation energy (Ea) was obtained following Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method. The activation energies of different mechanism models and pre-exponential factor (A) were determined by Coats-Redfern method. Compared with the value obtained from the Ozawa method, the actual reaction mechanism obeyed three-dimensional diffusion model, Jander equation (D3) with integral form g(α)=[1-(1-α)1/3]2.
Recycling of Lead and Zinc from Gold and Silver Tailings
Authors: Zhou Xin Mu , Peng Huan , Cen Zhi Jun
Published: February 2012

The recycling conditions of lead and zinc from gold and silver tailings by wet processing are as follows: leaching in confined condition and liquid to solid ratio of 5, at 90 ∽ 950C, for 4h, using NaCl (300g / L), CaCl2 (105% of theoretical amount), the acidity is 130% theoretical amount and the granularity is 300 mesh size; sponge lead can be obtained by using reduced iron (110% of theoretical amount) at 75∽850C for 3h; iron and zinc can be separated from hydrochloric acid system by TBP and then used for the preparation of the corresponding products; all the mother liquor can be recycled and the consumption amount of raw materials is low because there is no need for additional sodium chloride in the cycling. This processing method has better economic and environmental benefits.
Influence of Substrate Load on Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Pha) Accumulation by Unenriched Mixed Cultures from Excess Sludge Fermentation Liquid
Authors: Cai Meng Meng , Cui Fu Yi , Zhao Qing Liang , Chua Hong
Published: February 2012

To reduce the production cost of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and disposal amount of excess sludge simultaneously, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from alkaline excess sludge fermentation was used as carbon sources to synthesize PHA by unenriched mixed cultures. Released phosphorus and residual ammonium in the fermentative VFAs was controlled by adding magnesium to form struvite precipitation. Four VFAs liquids obtained was used to test the influence of initial carbon load and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N ratio) on the VFAs uptake rate, PHA storage rate and biomass growth rate. Results show that higher initial carbon substrate load results in relatively higher VFAs uptake rate and higher PHA storage rate, while higher initial C:N ratio results in relatively lower biomass growth rate from VFAs. VFAs generated from thermophilic alkaline sludge fermentation were a suitable carbon source for PHA production by mixed cultures.
Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium for (Water + Palm Oil Biodiesel + Methanol) Ternary System at Different Temperatures
Authors: Yan Xing Yue , Cheng Yong Chun , Hu Xiao Ping
Published: February 2012

The liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) of ternary mixtures (water + palm oil biodiesel + methanol) was measured under atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 303.15K, 313.15K and 323.15K. The mutual solubility of biodiesel and water increased as the increasing of ratio of methanol. Also, the mutual dissolution of the mixture was slightly promoted by increasing temperature. The phase diagrams and tie lines for the ternary system were determined by high-temperature gas chromatography (HTGC). NRTL and UINQUAC models were applied to fit the experimental data for the ternary system, and the binary interaction parameters were obtained by regression on the experimental data. Both models could describe the LLE behavior of the systems fairly well.
Measurement and Correlation of Solubility of LiBr in Binary Solvents Formed by Acetone and Water Using LIFAC Model
Authors: Jiang Bo , Wang Li Sheng , Li Mi Yi
Published: February 2012

The solubility of lithium bromide in mixed solvents formed by acetone and water was determined in the temperature range between (293.15 and 323.15) K using a static analytical method. The solubilities of LiBr in mixed water-acetone solutions are predicted with the LIFAC model and its original interaction parameters. The average absolute deviations of the calculated values from the experimental data and mean relative deviations for this system were 0.0742 and 0.7349, respectively .The results show that the LIFAC model can be used to predict solid-liquid equilibrium of Acetone + water + Lithium Bromide.
Application of Kaolin Solid Acid Catalyst in the Dethiophene from Coking Benzene
Authors: Li Ying Wen , Ma Hong Zhu
Published: February 2012

A low-cost solid acid catalyst derived from kaolin and sulphuric acid, was utilized for the removal of thiophene from coking benzene. The effect of various factors, such as sintering temperature, sintering time, acid treatment temperature, acid treatment time and the acid content, were investigated to improve the catalytic activity in the removal of thiophene, estimated by UV-vis spectrum. The results showed that kaolin calcined at 973 K for 6 h and refluxed for 3 h in 3 mol/L H2SO4 at 363 K displayed higher thiophene removal efficiency. The highest one was up to 93.05%. In that process, acetic anhydride was appended in order to improve the efficiency of desulfurization.
Optimization of Preparation of Jujube Juice by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Yuan Chao , Liu Ben Guo , Chen Yong Sheng , Chen Yu Zhen
Published: February 2012

The extraction process of jujube juice was optimized based on soluble solid and total acid contents in this study. A central composite design of response surface methodology involving liquid-solid ratio, extraction time, enzyme dosage and extraction temperature was used, and second-order model for the yield was employed to generate the response surface. The optimum condition for the process was determined as follows: liquid-solid ratio 8, extraction time 2.5h, enzyme dosage 0.25%, extraction temperature 50 °C. The soluble solid and total acid contents at the optimum condition were 10.48% and 0.78 %, respectively.
Image Zooming Based on Cartoon and Texture Decomposition
Authors: Jiang Dong Huan , Xu Guang Bao
Published: February 2012

A new algorithm for image zooming based on cartoon and texture decomposition is presented in this paper. The basic idea is to first decompose the image into cartoon and texture, and then zoom each part separately with different image zooming algorithms. Finally, the zoomed images will be synthesized into one image. The zoomed parts of the image are found by minimizing the different variational functional in the wavelet domain which use the Besov norm to measure the regularity of the parts. Unlike the traditional image zooming by interpolation, the variation model and image cartoon-texture decomposition is incorporated in the zooming algorithm. Experimental results have verified the validity of the new algorithm.
Network Capacity on-Demand
Authors: Feng Tao , Bi Jun , Cao Hui
Published: February 2012

With the rapid development and integration of the Internet, wireless communication network and the Internet of Things, the Internet faces many challenges as a bearer network: a large volume of information exchange, multi-level QoS and smoothly switching multiple access protocols. The Internet should be able to provide a variety of network capacity in a more dynamic and on-demand way, not just only limited network resources provision through virtualization. The elastic network is expected to adapt to network changes by enabling network protocols selection and combination dynamically. Cloud computing illustrates a new Internet-based model of IT resources (hardware, software, data) provision, delivery and consumption as a service. Therefore, network protocols as a service can provide guaranteed quality of service and good quality of experience to users who do not care about any network configuration and network management. In this paper, we proposes a novel idea of network capacity on demand by combining the service provision model of cloud computing with the openness of the network protocol. The related conception and stakeholders of network protocol as service are depicted. Cloud-based network architecture is design to present the provision, delivery and consumption of network capacity on demand and discuss the key features of cloud-based network. Finally, a prototype of cloud-based network is implemented by extending OpenFlow architecture.
Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction for Tension Membrane Structures
Authors: Zhou Xiang Yang , Zhang Qi Lin
Published: February 2012

Comprehensive studies on effect of fluid-structure interaction and dynamic response for tension structure were conducted by the numerical simulation. An iterative coupling approach for time-dependent fluid-structure interactions is applied to tension membranous structures with large displacements. The coupling method connects a flow-condition-based interpolation element for incompressible fluids with a finite element for geometrically nonlinear problems. A membranous roof with saddle shape exposed to fluctuating wind field at atmosphere boundary layer was investigated for the coupling algorithm. The dynamic response and the fluctuating pressure on member structure were calculated according to the coupling configuration.
A New Approach to Fault Diagnosis for Satellite Control Systems Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yan Fei , Li Ming Jian
Published: February 2012

Based on the traditional method of analytical redundancy fault diagnosis, the advanced machine learning technology is combined with the model-based fault diagnosis so as to form a new intelligent approach to the fault diagnosis for satellite control systems. The support vector regression technique in statistical learning theory is employed to model the control system with a little sampling data firstly. Then the feasibility of detecting and identifying faults for the satellite attitude control system with the Mahalanobis distance is analyzed in detail. Finally a set of fault-detection observers are designed and implemented based on the residual evaluation. The simulation result indicates that the diagnosing method proposed in this paper is characterized with light computation burden and good real-time performance.
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Mesh Bumper by Hypervelocity Impact
Authors: Lin Min , Pang Bao Jun , Cheng Jin
Published: February 2012

In order to systematically explore the properties of the mesh bumper under hypervelocity impact, the quantitative research of protect characteristics was carried out with the numerical simulation. The experiments, in which the projectile impacted the multi-layers mesh bumper at hypervelocity, were simulated using the Ls-Dyna hydro-codes. The results for simulations and experiments were compared and analyzed. The effectiveness and accuracy of the simulation model is proved. It is shown that the morphologies of debris cloud were obviously varied with the change of impact position.
The Research on Structural Path between Relationship Benefits and Relationship Outcomes in Customer Loyalty Programs: Using Data Mining
Authors: Kong Qing Min , Liang Xiu Qing
Published: February 2012

In recent years, more enterprises start to take seriously to customer loyalty programs. However, customer loyalty programs do not generate relationship outcomes as people expect. This paper introduces relationship benefits into the research of customer loyalty programs. Using data mining, this study show that relationship benefits in customer loyalty can generate relationship outcomes which are customer satisfaction with customer loyalty programs and customer loyalty on customer loyalty programs. The findings of this paper are directions for future research and managerial implications.
Tensile Strength Properties of Niobium Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron on Different Austempering Time
Authors: Abdullah Bulan , Alias Siti Khadijah , Jaffar A. , Rashid Abd Amirul , Haskil M. , Ramli A.
Published: February 2012

This study focused on tensile strength properties inclusive of ultimate tensile strength and elongation values of niobium alloyed ductile iron in as cast and austempered conditions. The tensile specimens were machined according to TS 138 EN 10002-1 standard. Austempering heat treatment was conducted by first undergoing austenitizing process at 900°C before rapidly quenched in salt bath furnace and held at 350°C for 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours subsequently. The findings indicated that austempering the samples for 1 hour had resulted in improvement of almost twice of the tensile strength in niobium alloyed ductile iron. Improvement of elongations values were also noted after 1 hour austempering times. Increasing the austempering holding times to 2 hour and 3 hours had resulted in decrement in both tensile strength and elongations values.
Printed-Electronic PCB Circuit Inkjet Printing Control and Detection System
Authors: Liao Yong Hong
Published: February 2012

Printed electronic technology is focus in industry as an efficient, low consumption, energy saving, environmentally friendly technology. Ink-jet printing technology is the core of fully printed electronic technology. This article design a Printed electronic Assembly line system consisted of Fixed inkjet array, which can Implement high-speed inkjet printing. It Adopt the print driver architecture In accordance with WDM models which cross kernel and user level. Embedded with electronic circuit design software systems, the electronic circuit design is directly printed to PCB. Interlaced Fixed Multi-inkjet Has parallel high-speed printing features, reduce assembly line machinery vibration, simplify electromechanical servo systems, improve the accuracy of printing. The Design Consist of sections of PCB Positioning, Image servo, Matching printing and Quality detection.
Construction Strategy of Marxist Literature Information Guarantee System
Authors: He Huan Huan
Published: February 2012

This paper uses methods of literature research and comparative analysis, describing the construction strategy of Marxist literature information guarantee system. Firstly, the paper defines Marxist literature information guarantee system and brings forward its goal and task. On this basis, the paper discusses construction strategies of Marxist literature information guarantee system: the first one is technology strategy. It designs function modules for the system, including literature information collection, classification, cataloging, retrieval, storage, transmission, reference consulting and online interaction .etc. The second one is management strategy. The paper expounds it from four aspects of personnel education, management philosophy, security management and allocation of construction resources. The third one is construction strategy of regulations and standards. The paper proposes the solution of regulations and standards to settle problems that may be encountered during the process of literature information integration and transmission. The fourth one is economic strategy. The paper advances economic strategy of broadening sources of income and reducing expenditure in order to guarantee the funds needed for constructing the system. Finally, the paper calls on collection institutions of Marxist literature information to work together as soon as possible, to construct Marxist literature information guarantee system for political, economic and cultural development in China.
A Modified DV-Hop Scheme for 3D Node Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Shi Qin Qin , Zhang Jian Ping , Zhang Ya Ying
Published: February 2012

DV-Hop is one of the most widely-used node localization schemes for WSNs in 2D applications. Its performance in 3D node localization is investigated and a modified scheme is presented in this paper. Simulation is provided to test the feasibility and capacity of the original DV-Hop scheme and the modified scheme in 3D applications in terms of the localization accuracy as the network connection topology varies.
A Research into the Military Emergency Logistics Information Construction
Authors: Chen Hai Yan
Published: February 2012

This paper studies the military emergency logistics information construction. Firstly, the concept of the military emergency logistics information is put forward. And then, the sense of the military emergency logistics information construction is introduced. This paper regards building compatible military -civilian logistic information flat roof as the key of military emergency logistics information construction. And the principle, anticipated target, main function, construction tasks of the military -civilian flat roof is introduced. Based on these, the system composition is designed.
Technology Research and Application of Dynamic Secondary Cooling of Continuous Casting
Authors: Wang Yi , Ma Xin Jian
Published: February 2012

Secondary cooling is one of the important techniques of continuous casting. A mathematical model for heat transfer during solidification in continuous casting was established in researching on influence of the solidifying process on slab quality. The dynamic secondary cooling system has been analyzed with consideration of the principles, nozzles arrangement method and mathematical model of solidification process. The model was applied on some continuous casting machines. It indicates that the dynamic cooling model is better than conventional ones.
Response of Disturbance of Systemic Fields Based on the Electronic Commercial Market
Authors: Lai Di Hui
Published: February 2012

By combining the field theory in natural science and the research on E-commerce system, this paper puts forward the theoretical framework of “synergy field”. Therefore, the quantitative expression of the endogenous disturbance and exogenous disturbance, and the long-term and short-term responses to the disturbance could be contained in a unified theoretical paradigm. It reveals the process and level of the transformation of E-commerce System and makes judgment and prediction on the status and direction of the system’s transformation according to the quantization description of E-commerce system synergy field. On the basis of dynamic mechanism, the paper constructs the cooperative field equations for synergy field and further completes the design of the theoretical structure of the synergy field.
The Amalgamated Particle Filter Algorithm Based on the Bayes Theory and Used to Control Navigation’s System Interferers
Authors: Zhang Heng Hao , Meng Xiu Yun , Liu Zao Zhen
Published: February 2012

It introduces the algorithm of particle filter and the Bayes theory. The way is improved necessarily in the navigation system and then used in it. When one channel in the system is interfered and can’t work, using the changing particle’s weight factors which stand for the emanative channel in the system can control the interferer. The simulation shows the particle filter algorithm can through other channels control the interferer which occurs in the one channel. So the system also can work naturally.
Analysis and Improvement of LEACH Routing Algorithm
Authors: Xie Cong , Zhang Jian Wei
Published: February 2012

The insufficiencies of LEACH routing algorithm that the energy dissipation is discordance and cluster head is unevenly-distributed in whole network lead to excessive energy dissipation. Aiming at that, this paper purposes an improvement algorithm named LEACH-CREFM based on zoning network into sub-regions. The new algorithm adopts thresh setting relate to area of sub-region and multiple hop data transition between sub-regions as approach of reducing energy dissipation. The analysis of performance contrast between LEACH and LEACH-CREFM is presented. All conclusions have been confirmed by simulations on ns 2.27.
The Comparison of Efficiency between the Recommendation Algorithm Based on Multi-Attribute Rating Matrix and the Algorithm Based on UIARM
Authors: Yin Hang , Chang Gui Ran , Wang Xing Wei
Published: February 2012

this recommendation algorithm based on User-Item Attribute Rating Matrix (UIARM) can solve the cold-start problem, but the recommended low efficiency, poor quality. The use of Multi-Attribute Rating Matrix (MARM) can solve this problem; it can reduce the computation time and improve the recommendation quality effectively. The user information is analyzed to create their attribute-tables. The user's ratings are mapped to the relevant item attributes and the user's attributes respectively to generate a User Attribute-Item Attribute Rating Matrix. After UAIARM is simplified, MARM will be created. When a new item/user enters into this system, the attributes of new item/user and MARM are matched to find the N users/item with the highest match degrees as the target of the new items or the recommended items. Experiment results validate the cold-start recommendation algorithm based on MARM is efficient.
Feasibility Research on Traditional-Shape Stratospheric Airship
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhu Ming
Published: February 2012

Stratospheric airship is capable of station-keeping at high altitude in precondition of the balance of buoyancy and weight and of thrust and drag. Based on computation process, when some initial technology guidelines and conditions are supposed, the size of airship is gained and it is analyzed that certain technology guideline has more or less influence on length and payload of airship. It is concluded from the analyses that envelope mass/area ratio had the largest effect on key elements of airship, such as length and payload etc. Meanwhile, based on some available design parameters of typical traditional-shape airships being in development, the envelope mass/area ratio required for corresponding airships is scheduled for station-keeping at destine altitude and several technology approaches are proposed.
Three Dimensional Monte Carlo Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in Presence of Pores for Three-Phase Nano-Composite Ceramic Tool Materials
Authors: Hao Song , Huang Chuan Zhen , Zou Bin , Wang Jun , Liu Han Lian , Zhu Hong Tao
Published: February 2012

A new three-dimensional Monte Carlo (MC) model in presence of pores of microstructure evolution for three-phase nano-composite ceramic tool materials is successfully established to simulate the grain growth during sintering process in this paper. The defect-free microstructure evolution and microstructure evolution in presence of pore are simulated and investigated. The results show that the new MC model can well simulate the grain growth and pores shrinkage during densification process. Compared with defect-free system, the grain growth velocity can be slow down obviously owning to the existence of pores.
Glass Wool Prepared under Various Rotating Speed by Centrifugal-Spinneret-Blow Process
Authors: Li Bin Bin , Chen Zhao Feng , Chen Zhou , Qiu Jin Lian , Zhou Yan Qing , Zhou Jie Ming
Published: February 2012

In this paper, glass wool has been prepared under various rotating speed of centrifugal pan by centrifugal-spinneret-blow process. The fiber diameter of glass wool has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vertical optical microscope (VOM). With the increase of rotating speed from 1800 rpm to 2400 rpm, the mean fiber diameter decreased from 5.9 µm to 3.9 µm, indicating the distribution of glass wool becomes more uniformity. The results show that the rotating speed has a direct and pronounced effect on the fiber diameter and distribution. The higher the rotating speed is, the smaller the mean fiber diameter is, and the more uniformity the distribution of fiber diameter is.
Experimental Study on Residual Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams after Exposure to Fire
Authors: Xu Yu Ye , Wu Bo , Jiang Ming , Huang Xin
Published: February 2012

Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams in the building structures are usually assumed as a ‘T’-shaped beam when the effects of adjacent slab flange are considered. However, experimental studies on residual flexural behavior of ‘T’-shaped RC beams are rarely reported. The residual flexural behavior of two RC rectangular beams and one RC ‘T’-shaped beam after exposure to ISO834 standard fire were experimentally investigated in the paper. The detailed experimental results, including the measured temperatures, flexural capacity, load-deflection curves and concrete strain are presented. The effects of flange on temperature distribution and residual flexural behavior of RC beams were analyzed. The experimental results show that: (a) the assumption of plane section is applicable for RC ‘T’-shaped beam. (b) The flexural capacity of RC rectangular beam was decreased 18.5% after exposure to fire for 2 hours, but the ultimate mid-span deflection was increased 55.1%. (c) The residual flexural capacity and the ultimate mid-span deflection of RC rectangular beam after fire was respectively increased 8.4% and 9.9% due to the effect of flange.
The Synthesis and Ion-Exchange Property of Li+ Memorized Spinel Li1.4Zn0.8PO4
Authors: Li Heng
Published: February 2012

Compound [Li1.4Zn0.8PO4], a spinel-type metal compound, was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 6.2 mmol/g for Li+.
The Synthesis and Ion-Exchange Property of Li+ Memorized Spinel Li2.5Ti1.375O4
Authors: Li Heng
Published: February 2012

Lithium-titanium oxide(Li2.5Ti1.375O4) was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 8.1mmol/g for Li+.
Preparation and Degradation Properties of Hydroxyethyl Chitosan-g-Poly(D,L-Lactide) Copolymers
Authors: Luo Bing Hong , Li Jian Hua , Xu Wan , Zhou Chang Ren
Published: February 2012

The goal of the present study was to investigate the degradation of hydroxyethyl chitosan-g-poly(D,L-lactide) (HECS-g-PDLLA) copolymers in vitro. For this purpose, HECS-g-PDLLA copolymers were firstly synthesized by bulk ring-opening polymerization with different nD,L-lactide:naminoglucoside feed ratio. Then, a series of poly(D,L-lactide), chitosan and HECS-g-PDLLA copolymers films were prepared by solution casting method, and their degradation were carried out in vitro in saline water at 37 °C. The degradation properties were investigated by measurement of pH value, weight loss, and changes in the composition and structure of the HECS-g-PDLLA copolymers films with time. Results showed that the degradation of the HECS-g-PDLLA copolymers occurred firstly on the poly(D,L-lactide) side chains. The degradation rate of the graft copolymers obviously faster than that of CS, and can be controlled by changing the value of nD,L-lactide:naminoglucoside. Due to the alkalinity of CS, the pH value of saline water for HECS-g-PDLLA copolymers degradation higher than that of PDLLA.
Time-Dependent Deterioration of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Affected by Climatic Factors
Authors: Yi Luo , Peng Xin Qian , Wang Quan Feng , Yang Yong Xin
Published: February 2012

Research was done on durability of two common kinds of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. Eight groups of 40 sheets were tested in recent 3 years. Influence to strength, extensibility and modulus of CFRP sheets was investigated in nature aging environment of east China. Results indicate that strength、young’s modulus and extensibility of CFRP sheets deteriorated owing to climatic factors. An average value of aging residual strength semi-experienced math model is used to study time-dependent deterioration on fiber reinforced polymer affected by climatic factors of east China. Nonlinear fit parameter is used in retain rate curve equation to predict service life of CFRP. Further research is still going on.