bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Know your enemy and know yourself: mechanism of contest resolution in the European stag beetle (Lucanus cervus)
Authors: De Zan Lara Redolfi , Carpaneto Giuseppe Maria , Romiti Federico
Published: June 2023

Intraspecific competition rely on the assessment of the best strategies to resolve conflicts among individuals. Assessing their own and/or the opponent’s fighting ability, referred to as the resource holding potential (RHP), is crucial to minimise energetic costs. A multiple analysis approach was used to test the main assessment models and describe contest resolution in the European stag beetles (Lucanus cervus), according to game theory.L. cervusmales possess enlarged mandibles, which exhibit great morphological and size variation, used as weapons to dislodge their opponent from branches. We measured RHP associated with offensive (mandibles) and defensive weapons (strength in seizing the substrate) and staged dyadic contests between size-matched and size-unmatched males. To describe the mechanism of contest resolution we analysed the effect of RHP on contest duration, contest dynamic (sequential analysis) and behavioural matching between opponents. Relationships between contest duration and RHP cannot reject partial mutual assessment, but sequential analysis, behavioural mismatch and absence of injuries supported the mutual assessment mechanism. Both small and largeL. cervusmales assess both self and opponent RHP, performing high-energy costly behaviours only when deemed necessary. This limited war strategy may have evolved to minimise the costs and prevent injuries associated with aggressive interactions.
CT-assessed sarcopenia and prognostic nutritional index are associated with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Ohyama Yoshio , Inaba Yoshinori , Kubota Mako , Kanemaru Tomoki , Hasegawa Kazuki
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Recently, it has been reported that sarcopenia and nutritional evaluation are associated with the prognosis of patients with cancer; however, there are only a few detailed reports on oral cancer. This single center retrospective study aimed to analyze the relationship between computed tomography (CT)-defined sarcopenia, immunocompetence, nutritional status, and the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods
We included 146 patients who underwent initial radical surgery as first-line treatment for OSCC. Skeletal muscle in the third cervical vertebra (C3) was measured using preoperative cervical CT, and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated. Sarcopenia and nutritional status were investigated using blood tests. The correlation between each parameter and prognosis was analyzed. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Log-rank and chi-square tests were used to compare survival rates between groups, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
Patients included 67 men and 79 women, from 20 to 94 years. The number of patients with sarcopenia defined using preoperative CT (CT-SP) was 76 (52%). In univariate analysis, CT-SP, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) were associated with poor prognosis, with statistically significant differences in disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival. In multivariate analysis, only CT-SP was identified as an independent prognostic factor for DSS. A statistically significant correlation between CT-SP and PNI was found.
Conclusion
CT-SP is associated with a significant decrease in survival rate in patients with OSCC. Furthermore, CT-SP is correlated with PNI.
Induction of callus culture through plant growth regulators supplementation and the effect of elicitors on enhancement of betalain synthesis using Gomphrena globosa
Authors: Pari Meishiny , Lee Wan Qin , Wong Clement Kiing Fook , Yao Teh Chui
Published: June 2023

Betalains are water soluble nitrogenous pigments produce by plants under the Caryophyllales order and has been favoured as a natural colourant in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its high stability towards pH and temperature over a wide range of food. There is a constant search for alternative source and technique for betalain production to meet the growing demand as conventional extraction method requires high quantity of plant material. Thus, this study sought to examine the potential of producing betalain through callus culture of a natural betalain bearing plant, Gomphrena globosa using different plant growth regulators (PGR) and to evaluate the effect of elicitation in enhancing betalain production. Callus induction from different explants showed that the percentage of callus induction (84.00-100.00%) from the leaf and hypocotyl explants was significantly higher than seeds (53.33%). A combination of 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were found to be effective inducing pink callus in full strength MS medium. Elicitation with tyrosine was the most effective in enhancing the betacyanin content (red-violet pigments) followed by salicylic acid. The highest betacyanin content, 0.139 ± 0.035 mg/mg FW callus was obtained when 100 µM of tyrosine was supplied. Copper sulphate was found to be effective in increasing the callus size but not the betalain content. The callus size was about 13-fold bigger in MS medium supplemented with 25 µM copper sulphate compared to medium without elicitors. This is the first study reporting an optimised protocol in the production of pigmented callus containing betalain from G. globosa using a combination of PGRs consisting of 2,4-D and BAP. In addition, tyrosine can be used as a suitable elicitor to enhance betalain production which provides an alternative source of betalain for the commercial production of natural colorants.
Analysis of sub-daily polar motion derived from different estimation intervals
Authors: Peng Yaquan , Lou Yidong , Dai Xiaolei , Shi Chuang
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the sub-daily polar motion (PM) derived from different estimation interval solutions ranging from 5-minute to 2-hour. By analyzing a 3-year continuous time series of the PM estimates using Global Positioning System (GPS) observations, we conclude that PM should be parameterized as piecewise constant for intervals no longer than 30 minutes, while piecewise linear parameterization is more appropriate for longer intervals. The inconsistencies between the estimates and the background sub-daily PM model become more pronounced as the estimation intervals become shorter. The results demonstrate that applying continuity constraints enhances the accuracy of PM rate parameter estimation by approximately 20%. However, it is noteworthy that continuous constraints significantly modify and smooth the high-frequency content of the signal in PM. Therefore, when employing piecewise linear estimation, it is not recommended to use continuity constraints. Moreover, we find that sub-daily PM estimates are influenced by artificial non-tidal signals, primarily caused by the resonance between the Earth rotation period and the satellite revolution period. These resonance signals are more obvious as the estimation interval becomes shorter, particularly at 4.8-hour and 8-hour periods in the prograde and retrograde spectra, respectively. Finally, we implemented a sub-daily PM series with a 5-minute temporal resolution and examined the recovery of the tidal coefficients for 38 tides. Overall, the residual signal amplitudes were generally small, with most of the main ocean tides below 5 µas. The largest residual signals were observed for S1 and K1 terms, with amplitudes of 13.1 and 18.0 µas, respectively.
Primary hepatoid adenocarcinoma of peritoneal cavity with postoperative CIK biotherapy
Authors: Guiqiu Liu , Meijing Ren , Zhe Ma , Chuanshan Zhang
Published: June 2023

Backgroud: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma(HAC) has been demonstrated to be an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing carcinoma arising in extra hepatic organs. We report a primary hepatoid adenocarcinoma of peritoneal cavity with recurrence twice and review the clinicopathological features and prognosis to acquire better understanding of HAC.
Case presentation: We described a case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of peritoneal cavity in a 64-year-old man. It presented as an abdominal swelling pain for 5 months and poor appetite for 1 month with elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Imaging examination including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated irregular soft tissue density mass of perisplenic peritoneal cavity with unclear margins. There weren’t definite abnormalities in stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas and bilateral kidneys. Grossly, a gray-whitish solid tumor of 15×10×5cm was recognized in the spleen hilum adipose tissue with incomplete membrane and part necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor components were arranged in trabecular, nests or glandular with polygonal cells of abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, sinuses and bilious generation which it was histologically reminiscent of hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatoid adenocarcinoma exhibited immunohistochemical characteristics of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis could be identified with AFP, Arginase-1, hepatocyte paraffin antigen and Cytokeratin (CK) antibodies.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the rare case of HAC of peritoneal cavity. Due to its rarity, no standard treatment therapy has been established. We proceeded repeated cytokine-induced killer（CIK）biotherapy after operation. Unfortunately, the disease recurred at twice with continue high serum AFP and he died 49 months after initial presentation.
Small Target Detection Model in Aerial Images Based on YOLOv7X+
Authors: Li ShiQin , Liu Weisheng
Published: June 2023

Small target detection has always been a difficult task in UAV target acquisition. The detection accuracy is low due to the high proportion of small targets, severe mutual occlusion, low feature information and the presence of complex background in the target area. To solve this problem, we propose a high-accuracy small target detection model called YOLOv7X+, which aims to improve the accuracy of UAV small target detection and strike a balance between operational efficiency. The model effectively mitigates the problem of severe mutual occlusion of small targets by introducing the Conv2Formers module for finer feature extraction of spatial information. At the same time, we propose a Bi-level routing attention mechanism based on cavity convolution, which controls feature extraction and delivery at different levels while expanding the perceptual field, enhancing the model's ability to understand and detect the connections between dense small targets through pixel-level processing, making the model more robust in detecting dense small targets in complex and variable scenes, and retaining important background information to increase discriminative accuracy. Finally, the model also is taken into account the multi-dimensional input data under the UAV by adaptively adjusting the size of the convolution kernel to make the algorithm more adaptable to the actual scene requirements. Under the validation test IOU of 0.5, the YOLOv7X+ model achieves an average mean accuracy (mAP50) of 60.3%, which is 5.4% improvement in mAP compared to the original YOLOv7X model and outperforms five current advanced detection methods. The experimental data shows that the model can effectively handle small target detection tasks in complex scenarios and achieve a balance between detection accuracy and efficiency.
A study of the development of tertiary-level EFL learners’ deep learning competence in project-based learning
Authors: zuo hongshan , liu yingzi , zhang wenzhong
Published: June 2023

Currently, deep learning competence refers to a set of competences, which are mastering core academic content, thinking critically and solving complex problems, working collaboratively, communicating effectively, learning how to learn, and developing academic mindsets (William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, 2013). Although there is a general awareness of the significance of deep learning in learning and teaching among scholars and educators, the majority of existing research is concerned with theoretical discussion of deep learning, with relatively few empirical studies available. From the perspective of Activity Theory, this study discusses the development of students’ deep learning competence in PBL, and explores possible influencing factors. An empirical study was conducted in PBL, which is based on a course offered to first-year English majors in ** university. Data was collected through questionnaires, research journals and semi-structured interviews, and classroom observation. Results show that the students’ deep learning competence has improved significantly after the completion off PBL tasks, with improvement in all the six indicators of deep learning competence. In light of Activity Theory, this study discussed the main factors that affect the development of students’ deep learning competence in PBL.
Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Color Image Based on Prime Number Distribution Theory
Authors: Hao Weijie , Xie Ruixia , Du Qiaoqiao , Wang Jiuru , Zhang Wenyin
Published: June 2023

Color image digital watermarking technology is an important security protection technology to realize secret communication and content authentication. To better achieve the purpose of color image copyright protection, this paper proposes three watermark embedding schemes for color images based on the prime number distribution theory, embedding the RGB three channels of the color carrier image into binary watermark images of the same size to realize large-capacity watermark embedding. The scheme uses the Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) encryption algorithm to securely encrypt the image information. During the watermark embedding process, the appropriate pixel value is selected for pixel replacement according to the division of the prime number set within 0-255. The experimental results show that the PSNR values of the three schemes are all greater than 40dB, and the NC values are all close to 1. Compared with the existing algorithms, the scheme proposed in this paper has a large embedding capacity, which can resist common image processing attacks while ensuring good imperceptibility of the watermark, and has good tamper detection and localization capabilities.
Immuno-Pathophysiological Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Natural and Synthetic Zeolite in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ashry Mahmoud , El-Bitar Alaa M.H. , Sultan Hussein A. , El-Sahra Doaa Galal , Abdel-Wahhab Khaled G. , Moustafa Mohssen A.
Published: June 2023

Background:
Natural products from various sources tend to be potential candidates for drug discovery; zeolite has valuable biopharmaceutical efficiencies because of its physical and chemical properties. The current study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and preventive effect of both natural zeolite (NZ) and synthetic zeolite (SZ) against induced diabetes and its complication.
Methods:
Adult male rats were arranged in six groups: 1) normal control, 2) NZ-ingested (300 mg/kg/day), 3) SZ-ingested (300 mg/kg/day), 4) untreated induced-diabetics, 5) induced-diabetics treated with NZ (300 mg/kg/day), and 6) induced-diabetics treated with SZ (300 mg/kg/day).
Results:
Post treatment of induced-diabetic animals, the results declared that both NZ and SZ exhibited a remarkable drop in glucose, HbA1c, TNF-α and IL1β levels associated with a significant raise in insulin and CD4 + values towards the corresponding values of the control group. The histological findings performed a notable restoration of the islets’ architecture and size and ameliorated karyolysis. Also, immunohistochemical results showed a marked improvement in insulin immunoreactivity confirming the biochemical findings.
Conclusion:
These results concluded that both NZ and SZ zeolite exhibited preventive and anti-diabetic potential; this effect could be due to the amphoteric character preventive absorption of sugar, preventing beta cell and modify the disorders in the redox state.
GSDMD gene knockout alleviates hyperoxia-induced hippocampal brain injury in neonatal mice
Authors: Challa Naga Venkata Divya , Chen Shaoyi , Yun Huijun , Duncan Matthew R , Moreno Williams Javier , Bramlett Helen , Dietrich W Dalton , Benny Merline , Schmidt Augusto F , Young Karen , Wu Shu
Published: June 2023

Background: Neonatal hyperoxia exposure is associated with brain injury and poor neurodevelopment outcomes in preterm infants. Our previous studies in neonatal rodent models have shown that hyperoxia stimulates the brain’s inflammasome pathway, leading to the activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD), a key executor of pyroptotic inflammatory cell death. Moreover, we found inhibition of GSDMD activation attenuates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice. We hypothesized that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in hyperoxia-induced neonatal brain injury and that GSDMD gene knockout (KO) will alleviate hyperoxia-induced brain injury.
Methods: Newborn GSDMD knockout mice and their wildtype (WT) littermates were randomized within 24 h after birth to be exposed to room air or hyperoxia (85% O2) from postnatal day 1 to 14. Hippocampal brain inflammatory injury was assessed in brain sections by immunohistology for allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1), a marker of microglial activation. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Ki-67 staining, and cell death was determined by TUNEL assay. RNA sequencing of the hippocampus was performed to identify the transcriptional effects of hyperoxia and GSDMD-KO, and qRT-PCR was performed to confirm some of the significantly regulated genes.
Results: Hyperoxia-exposed WT mice had increased microglia consistent with activation, which was associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in the hippocampal area. Conversely, hyperoxia-exposed GSDMD-KO mice exhibited considerable resistance to hyperoxia as O2 exposure failed to increase either AIF1+ or TUNEL+ cell numbers, nor decrease cell proliferation. Hyperoxia exposure differentially regulated 258 genes in WT and only 16 in GSDMD-KO mice compared to room air- exposed WT and GSDMD-KO, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that in the WT brain, hyperoxia differentially regulated genes associated with neuronal and vascular development and differentiation, axonogenesis, glial cell differentiation, and core development pathways hypoxia-induced factor 1, and neuronal growth factor pathways. These changes were prevented by GSDMD-KO.
Conclusion: GSDMD-KO alleviates hyperoxia-induced inflammatory injury, cell survival and death, and alterations of transcriptional gene expression of pathways involved in neuronal growth, development, and differentiation in the hippocampus of neonatal mice. This suggests that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in preterm brain injury, and targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
Evaluation of the thickness of coronary calcium by 60-MHz intravascular ultrasound: Head-to- head comparison with optical frequency domain imaging
Authors: Oshikiri Yuya , Ishida Masaru , Sakamoto Ryohei , Kimura Takumi , Shimoda Yudai , Koeda Yorihiko , Shimada Ryutaro , Itoh Tomonori , Morino Yoshihiro
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The region behind the coronary calcium could not be visualized by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) because of acoustic shadow. However, some pathological studies have shown that IVUS delineated the vessel border behind thin coronary calcium sheets. This study aimed to reveal whether recent IVUS can visualize the region behind thin coronary calcium sheets.
Methods
Using 534 cross-sectional optical frequency domain images (OFDI), including severe calcified coronary lesions, calcium sheet thickness was measured by every 1°. Accordingly, the visibility of the vessel border behind the coronary calcium sheet was evaluated using 60-MHz IVUS images, which were longitudinally linked with OFDI ones. After carefully coordinating with the axial position, the association between the IVUS-derived permeability of the coronary calcium sheet and calcium thickness was evaluated.
Results
The maximum and mean calcium thickness by OFDI was 0.88 ± 0.39 and 0.62 ± 0.30 mm, respectively. By 60-MHz IVUS, 12.1% of the coronary calcium sheets had permeable segments. Comparing between OFDI and IVUS images, 48.6% of the coronary calcium sheets with maximum thickness ≤ 0.3 mm were sometimes permeable by 60-MHz IVUS, whereas most > 0.5-mm thick calcium sheets were impermeable. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the best cutoff values for the maximum and mean thickness of permeable calcium were 0.48 and 0.31 mm, respectively.
Conclusion
Thus, 60-MHz IVUS can occasionally visualize the region behind a thin coronary calcium sheet. When using 60-MHz IVUS, this finding may be a predictive marker of calcium sheet with a thickness of < 0.5 mm.
Establishment and Validation of a Prognostic Scoring Model Based on Disulfidptosis-related Long Non-Coding RNAs in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xing Weiming , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2023

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma, a frequently occurring gastrointestinal tumour, is often detected late and has a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) significantly affect tumour development. Recent studies have identified disulfidptosis as a previously unexplained form of cell death. Herein, we aimed to examine the predictive value of disulfidptosis-related lncRNA models for the clinical prognosis and immunotherapy of stomach adenocarcinoma.
Methods: Stomach adenocarcinoma-related transcriptomic data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, whereas genes associated with disulfidptosis were identified from previously published papers. A risk prediction model for disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs was developed using the Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage selection algorithm methods. The accuracy of the model was confirmed using calibration curves, and the biological functions were analysed using Gene Ontology and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Finally, the tumour mutation burden and tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion algorithms were used to screen drugs that are sensitive to stomach adenocarcinoma.
RESULTS: The risk prediction models were constructed using seven disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs. The validated results were consistent with the predicted ones, with significant survival differences. When combined with clinical data, the risk scores were used as independent prognostic markers. Based on the tumour mutation load, the high-risk patient group had a poorer survival rate as compared with the low-risk patient group. Further studies were conducted to understand the different groups' inconsistent responses to immune status; subsequently, relatively sensitive drugs were identified.
Conclusion: Overall, seven markers of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs associated with stomach adenocarcinoma were found to facilitate prognostic prediction, suggesting new ideas for immunotherapy and clinical applications.
3D Ear recognition using rigid point set registration and coherent point drift algorithm
Authors: Mehta Ravishankar , Ujjwal Gyan , Singh Koushlendra Kumar
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we present an approach to recognition3D ear based on the coherent point drift (CPD) method with rigid point set registration and EM optimization algorithm. The proposed work automatically detects the pit point and nose index from the 3D ear image. The corresponding features of the detected points of the input 3D ear are passed to the CPD algorithm for alignment and matching of detected points. The coherent point drift (CPD) algorithm works fine with rigid and non-rigid point set registration. The proposed algorithm used the CPD method for rigid point set registration. Since the anatomical structure of the ear consists of many intrinsic unique feature points, the alignment between two such point sets becomes easier to recover the transformation from one point set to the other. The performance of the proposed work has been validated on the UND collection J2 ear dataset which is unconstrained in nature. Here, illumination changes, pose variations, occlusion by earrings, rotation, and hair are included in this dataset. So these significant challenges are overcome by the proposed algorithm. The experimental result on these datasets shows that the proposed method is effective and feasible under varying environmental conditions. The result of the proposed algorithm shows that CPD based approach can accurately identify a person based on their 3D ear point data and compete with the other state-of-the-art method.
Multi-parameter imaging by finite difference frequency domain full waveform inversion of GPR data: A guide for sedimentary architecture modeling
Authors: Layek Mrinal Kanti , Sengupta Probal
Published: June 2023

The need for reconstruction of the distribution of physical properties like dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of shallow subsurface sedimentary architecture leads to the development of an optimum strategy of GPR data inversion. In this paper, we present finite difference frequency domain (FDFD) full waveform inversion (FWI) method to get high-resolution subsurface model using GPR data. FWI is an optimization technique which involves in search of the minima between recorded and predicted data. The inversion process includes the quasi-Newton method and simultaneous frequency sampling strategy of irregular sampling. The Hessian term in quasi-Newton algorithm is approximated using preconditioned-LBFGS consideration and the search directions are also optimized after following the Wolfe conditions. At the end of each iteration during inversion, permittivity and conductivity models were updated and became ready to be the initial model for the next iteration. The goals of the study were to establish a suitable guideline for sedimentary-GPR data inversion and to test the effectiveness of newly proposed grid strategy during FWI. In this paper, a comparative study between existing and newly proposed methods are presented with aid of some numerical experiments performed using our own MATLAB programming. Numerical tests conducted on a benchmark from previously published article, established the fact that new grid formulation produces a faster converging rate and required less computation time. This method is very much effective for the realistic sedimentary model of the lossy medium. The proposed method is also applicable for modeling of the acoustic wave with some necessary modifications.
Intranasal Immunization of Mice with a Chimeric Antigen of Cholera Toxin B and Salmonella Typhi outer membrane protein T2544 elicits protective antibodies and T cell response at the intestinal mucosa
Authors: Chakraborty Suparna , Dutta Pujarini , Pal Ananda , Chakraborty Swarnali , Banik George , Halder Prolay , Gope Animesh , Miyoshi Shin-ichi , Das Santasabuj
Published: June 2023

Development of safe, highly effective and affordable enteric fever vaccines is a global health priority. Live, oral typhoid vaccines induce strong mucosal immunity and long-term protection, but safety remains a concern. In contrast, efficacy wears off rapidly for injectable, polysaccharide-based vaccines, which elicit poor mucosal response. We previously reported Salmonella Typhi outer membrane protein, T2544 as a potential candidate for bivalent (S. typhi and S. Paratyphi A) vaccine development. Here, we show that intranasal immunization with a subunit vaccine (chimera of T2544 and cholera toxin B subunit) induced strong systemic and intestinal mucosal immunity and protection from S. Typhi challenge in a mouse model. CTB-T2544 augmented gut-homing receptor expression on lymphocytes that produced Th1 and Th17 cytokines, secretory IgA in stool that inhibited bacterial motility and epithelial attachment, antibody recall response and affinity maturation with increased number of follicular helper T cells and CD4 + central and effector memory cells.
The association between Selenium and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) among women; A protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Perera K.C.M. , Perera W.N.D. , Abeysena H. T. C. S.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Selenium (Se) may have a protective effect against some selected cancers. Ovarian cancer
is ranked as one of the major killers of all gynecological malignancies worldwide. The objective of this study
is to find the relationship between selenium intake and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer risk in women who have
not had an oophorectomy.
Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was carried out according to the prepared strategy from
the starting date of the PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Proquest, and Web of Science databases up to
30th of September 2022 without limitations related to language and publication status. Studies were screened by COVIDENCE. Cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional analytical studies, ecological studies, and randomized control studies were included, and descriptive studies were excluded from the systematic review. The exposure of interest is high selenium intake from either food sources or supplements and also high measures of selenium in blood, toenails, or other biological samples, and high measures of serum selenoproteins. Data extraction will be done. New Castle Ottawa Scale will be used to assess the bias of observational studies. The findings will be synthesized first via a narrative description. If data permits results will be displayed via forest plots. All analyses will be conducted using STATA-17.
Discussion: Ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecological malignancy among women. Due to the lack of recommended screening tools, the identification of modifiable effective risk factors and preventive tools are essential to reduce ovarian cancer burden. Selenium is a powerful antioxidant, therefore it prevents cell damage. It was proven in some studies that selenium protects against the development of some selected cancers. Therefore it is envisaged to find whether there is an inverse relationship between selenium and ovarian cancer for future preventive strategies.
Systematic review registration: Registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO)- CRD42022356472
Radiation statistics of a degenerate parametric oscillator at threshold
Authors: Hassler Fabian , Kim Steven , Arndt Lisa
Published: June 2023

As a function of the driving strength, a degenerate parametric oscillator exhibits an instability at which spontaneous oscillations occur. Close to threshold, both the nonlinearity as well as fluctuations are vital to the accurate description of the dynamics. We study the statistics of the adiation that is emitted by the degenerate parametric oscillator at threshold. For a weak nonlinearity, we can employ a quasiclassical description. We identify a universal Liouvillian that captures the relevant long-time dynamics for large photon-numbers. We find that the cumulants obey a universal power-law scaling as a function of the nonlinearity. The Fano factor shows a maximum close, but not coinciding, with the threshold. Moreover, we predict a certain ratio of the first three cumulants to be independent of the microscopic details of the system and connect the results to experimental platforms.
FENOMENOLOGI AGAMA: PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI UNTUK MEMAHAMI AGAMA
Authors: Ahimsa-Putra Heddy Shri
Published: June 2023

In this article the author explains what is called ‘phenomeno­logical approach’ in the study of religion. Starting from Husserl’s philosophy of phenomenology, the author tracing its influences in social science through one of Husserl’s students, Alfred Schutz. Based on Husserl’s ideas developed by Schutz, the author presents his views how those ideas can be applied in the study of religion, and how religion can be defined phenomeno­logically. The author further explains some methodo­logical ethical implications of doing phenomeno­logical research on religion.***Dalam tulisan ini penulis menjelaskan apa yang disebut ‘pen­dekatan feno­menologi’ dalam kajian agama. Berangkat dari filsafat fenomeno­logi Husserl, penulis melacak pe­ngaruhnya pada ilmu sosial melalui salah seorang murid Husserl, Alfred Schultz. Berdasarkan ide Husserl yang di­kembangkan oleh Schultz, penulis menyajikan pan­dang­an­nya bagaimana ide-ide itu dapat diterapkan dalam kajian agama, dan bagaimana agama dapat didefinisikan secara fenomenologis. Penulis selanjutnya menjelaskan beberapa impli­kasi etis metodologis jika me­lakukan kajian fenomeno­logis terhadap agama.
Poetic Representation of the Gwangju Uprising: the embodiment of liberated motherhood and Mother God: focusing on the Goh Jeong-Hee’s eighth collection of poems Tears-Rain in Gwangju
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Jang eun-young
Published: June 2023

This paper analyzed the poetic representation of the Gwangju Uprising focusing on Goh Jeong-Hee’s Poetry of May. Goh Jeong-Hee was influenced by Korean women's theology in the 1980s. Korean female theologians criticized the oppression of women under the patriarchal system and raised the Mother God as the source of life. In the late 1980s, the reality faced by women was defined as the reality of killing and insisted on a great transition to life. She stressed that women should be the subject of the unification movement in order to overcome the national contradictions that suppress women. Of course, prior to Christian epistemology, there was a reality of the 1980s in Goh Jeong-Hee’s poetry and Gwangju was at the center of it. However, when the truth of the Gwangju Uprising was not revealed in the late 80s, Goh Jeong-Hee expressed deep despair and skepticism. And using Christian death and resurrection as motifs, the experience of despair was used as an opportunity to move toward a fundamental revolution. Goh Jeong-Hee hinted at the need for a new language by evoking the women’s pain and anger what are not reduced from a male-centered system to a universal language through a ‘Michineon’. And while attempting a revolutionary transformation of thoughts and customs, she embodied death in the uprising as an event that c the birth of life. The Gwangju Uprising was an opportunity for mother to be called the subject of liberation and Mother God to be called the source of life, and was a turning point in transforming Gwangju into a land of livelihood and resurrection. This is because Goh Jeong-Hee found Mother God in women in Gwangju as the source of life. Women in Gwangju, who were considered victims of the uprising and innocent victims, were another main subject of the uprising that supported the community of life by saving the dead, caring for the injured, and feeding the living. Goh Jeong-Hee proved that the practice of living shown by women in Gwangju turned the time stained with violence and death into a 10-day liberation zone. And Goh Jeong-Hee‘s May poem shows a vision of a community of care that we talk about as an alternative society today. Although it has not been fully discussed by Goh Jeong-Hee herself, it is inferred that liberated motherhood uses solidarity and relationship that support each other's lives as its principle. The new world created by female subjects makes us imagine a community of autonomous and mutually beneficial care based on liberated motherhood.
A study on the historical changes of Jeolyeongdo placename in Busan
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Lee Geun-Yeol
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the timing of the change from ‘Jeoryeong-do’ to ‘Yeong-do’. The results are as follows. First, the first time Yeong-do's placename appeared in literature was in Yeongdo-jin's Dongnaebujido in Yeongnam-eupji, made in 1894. Also, ‘Yeong-do’ as the name of the island first appears in the 󰡔Choryanggaekjuhoeuisogyuchik󰡕 written in 1901. This confirms that the place name ‘Yeong-do’ is not a placename created by the Japanese Colonial Period, but a placename used by the people of Busan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Later, in 1959, the Placename Establishment Committee established ‘Yeongdo’ as the official placename, and it has remained to this day. Second, other spellings of jeoryeong-do include ‘Jeolyeongdo(折英島)’ from ｢Dongnaebusanpojido｣ in 1471, ‘Jeolmado(絶馬島)’ from ｢Haedongpaldobonghwasanakjido｣ from the late 17th century, and ‘Jeoldo’ from 󰡔Gyeongwajimnyak󰡕 written in 1883~1885. Third, in Japan, it was officially spelled ‘Jeoryeongdo’ after the first mention of ‘Jeoryeongdo’ in the 󰡔Daeilbonsa󰡕 in 1213, but it is confirmed that it was called ‘Makinosima(牧の島)’ after ‘Mokdo(牧島)’ appeared in the ｢Choryangjihoedo｣ in the late 17th century. However, the 'yeongdo' placename that appeared in 《Joseonchongdokbugwanbo》 in 1920, 1923, 1925, 1933, 1939, 1941, 1943, and 1945 is not an official placename, but a branch name of a particular religion. Fourth, the ‘Busandaegyo’, which was completed in 1934, is spelled ‘Mokjidogyo’ in 󰡔Gyonamji󰡕 in 1937, confirming that it was officially called ‘Mokjidogyo’ instead of ‘YeongdoDaegyo’.
An Essay on the Enigma and Genre of
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Chung Ga-eun , Jeong Bong-seok
Published: June 2023

 is the most ambiguous and opaque film among Lee Chang-dong's works in terms of its genre attitude. This paper suggests that the opacity of  is due to the flaw(hamartia) that the protagonist Jong-su possesses, which acts like a filter blocking his relationship with the world. Like Oedipus, Jong-su, with his hamartia of hubris, has the potential to become the hero of tragedy, as Aristotle describes it. However, Jong-su's hamartia, unlike Oedipus, is not an-agnorisis or peripeteia. Instead, by choosing to kill Ben, Jong-su fails to integrate into society and ends up manifesting as a symptom. From this perspective, Lee Chang-dong's  can be seen as a modern reinterpretation of the relationship between Oedipus and the Sphinx. This paper explores the genre characteristics of  by exploring the process in which the protagonist Jong-su manifests as a symptomatic subject, unlike the heroes of ancient tragedy. To do so, the paper compares the enigma motifs and metaphor structures inherent in  with those in Georges Agamben’s enigma discourse and analyzes the hamartia of Oedipus and Jong-su. Through this analysis, it is ultimately confirmed that Lee Chang-dong's generic attitude, as conveyed through his camera, stems from the position of irony.
Statistical blending of global-gridded climatological products: an approach to inverse hydrological model
Authors: Mousavi Rahimeh , Nasseri Mohsen , Abbasi Saeed
Published: June 2023

The growing use of global-scale environmental products in hydro-climatic modeling has increased the variety of their applications and the complications of their uncertainties and evaluations. Researchers have recently turned to statistical blending of these products to achieve optimal modeling. The proposed statistical blending in this study includes five large-scale and satellite precipitation (CHIRPS, ERA5-Land of ECMWF, GPM (IMERG), TRMM, and Terra) and evapotranspiration (GLEAM, SSEBop, MODIS, Terra, and ERA) products committed in three modeling scenarios. The blending procedures are organized using a conceptual water balance model to achieve the best precipitation and evapotranspiration results for the conceptual production of streamflow using hydrological inverse modeling. Based on the results, the proposed blending procedures of precipitation and evapotranspiration improved the performance of the model using different statistical metrics. In addition, the results show the conformity of the pattern and behavior of the blended precipitation calculated using the moving least square method in the study area. This happened by changing the estimation based on in situ values, particularly in cold months considering the orographic/snow effects. The combining method provides a good fusion procedure to improve the realistic estimation of precipitation and evapotranspiration in ungagged watersheds as well.
Using a compact unit for nitrification and denitrification processes followed by activated carbon filtration to remove total nitrogen from ammonium-contaminated groundwater
Authors: Ayoub Mohamed
Published: June 2023

The current study aims to evaluate the removal of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), generated nitrite (NH2−-N), and nitrate (NH3−-N) from groundwater using a compact unit for nitrification and denitrification processes that consist of a dripping nitrification reactor followed by a denitrification biofilter filled with treated cotton. Moreover, activated carbon filtration was applied as a post-treatment technique to remove the released total organic carbon (TOC) after the denitrification biofilter. The raw groundwater had an average NH4+-N concentration of 29.8 mg/L. To complete the analytical measurements, samples were taken from the compact unit's inlet, outlet, and sampling points for nitrification and denitrification, as well as the activated carbon filter. The obtained results indicated that the nitrification efficiency reached 98.81%, while the denitrification efficiency reached 95.98%. Moreover, the removal rate of total nitrogen ranged between 122.5 and 147 mg/d. On the other hand, the denitrification process utilizing cotton media resulted in a considerable increase in the outlet TOC concentrations, which ranged from 52.1 to 74.2 mg/L. The activated carbon filtration was applied to vanish the released TOC from the denitrification process after 10 days of operation.
Identifying 2PHDO as a SOCE inhibitor from Chinese herbal extracts
Authors: Wang Youjun , Liu Jindou , Deng Hao , Li Yaxin , Du Yangchun , Wang Liuqing , Wang Yuqing , Liu Jin , Xi Chao , Gao Ping , Zhou Yandong , Han Ling , Gill Donald L. , Lu Chuanjian
Published: June 2023

Background:

STIM- and Orai-mediated store operated calcium entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling process, crucial for the proper function of immune, muscle and neuronal systems. To treat SOCE-related disorder or diseases of these systems, and to mechanistically dissect activation and function of SOCE, specific SOCE inhibitors are needed. However, strategies for developing new SOCE modifiers are still limited.

Methodology:

In this study, we identified a novel SOCE inhibitor named 2PHDO from a small pool of Chinese herbal extracts used for treating psoriasis. It could block SOCE and SOCE-mediated NFAT translocation in multiple types of cells with a half inhibitory concentration around 1 µM. At this concentration, 2PHDO was specific for SOCE. Mechanistically, 2PHDO didn’t affect the activation of STIM1 or its physical coupling with Orai1. Rather, 2PHDO inhibited SOCE via its actions on Orai1.

Results:

2PHDO may serve as a good template for developing new medicines aiming to treat SOCE related diseases.

Conclusion:

Overall, we proved the feasibility of screening and identification of novel SOCE inhibitors from active monomers of Chinese herbal medicine.
Navigating Molecular Pathways: An Update on Drugs in Colorectal
Cancer Treatment
Authors: Maurya Neha Shree , Mani Ashutosh
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifaceted and heterogeneous ailment that affects the
colon or rectum of the digestive system. It is the second most commonly occurring form of cancer
and ranks third in terms of mortality rate. The progression of CRC does not occur due to a single
mutational event; rather, it is the result of the sequential and cumulative accumulation of mutations
in key driver genes of signaling pathways. The most significant signaling pathways, which have
oncogenic potential due to their deregulation, include Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, TGF-β,
EGFR/MAPK, and PI3K/AKT pathways. Numerous drug target therapies have been developed to
treat CRC using small molecule inhibitors, antibodies, or peptides. Although drug-targeted therapy
is effective in most cases, the development of resistance mechanisms in CRC has raised questions
about their efficacy. To overcome this issue, a novel approach to drug repurposing has come to
light, which utilizes already FDA-approved drugs to treat CRC. This approach has shown some
promising experimental results, making it a crucial avenue of research in the treatment of CRC.
Recent Advances in Synthesis and Applications of Organic Ionic Saltsbased
Sensor Arrays
Authors: Kaur Pawanpreet , Parmar Anupama , Chopra Harish Kumar
Published: June 2023

Sensor arrays contain a group of sensors, improve observations with new dimensions, provide
better estimations, and additional parameters in comparison to the individual selective sensor. The
array-based sensing technique provides good performance to respond to various gaseous or liquid analytes.
Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) (melting point <25oC) and Group of uniform materials
based on organic salts (GUMBOS) (melting point =25-250oC) are organic ionic salts, composed of an
oppositely charged pair of bulky organic cations and bulky organic/inorganic anion and shows interesting
tunable physicochemical properties. In this review article, we will discuss the sensing performance
of ILs- and GUMBOS-based sensor arrays. ILs-based sensor arrays have been used in electrochemical
gas sensing, solvent discrimination, colorimetric gas sensing, sensing of organic compounds, optoelectronic
sensing of vapors and solutions, and vapour sensing through IL/QCM systems. GUMBOS-based
sensor arrays have been employed in vapour sensing through the GUMBOS/QCM method, detection,
and discrimination of proteins.
Prenatal Supplementation of Docosahexaenoic Acid for the Management
of Preterm Births: Clinical Information for Practice
Authors: Thakur Shubham , Sharma Ritika , Jain Subheet Kumar
Published: June 2023

Unhealthy pregnancy and the resultant abnormalities in newborns exhibit a significant drawback. Each year, an estimated 15 million babies are born prematurely, accounting for the ma-jority of deaths among children under the age of 5. India accounts for about a quarter of all preterm birth (PTB) incidences, with few therapeutic options available. However, research shows that con-suming more marine foods (rich in omega-3 fatty acids (Ω-3), particularly Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), helps to maintain a healthy pregnancy and can manage or prevent the onset of PTB and its accompanying difficulties. Present circumstances raise concerns about the use of DHA as a medica-tion due to a lack of evidence on the dosage requirements, safety profile, molecular route, and commercially accessible strength for their therapeutic response. Several clinical experiments have been done over the last decade; however, the mixed outcomes have resulted in discrepancies. Most scientific organizations suggest a daily DHA consumption of 250-300 mg. However, this may differ from person to person. As a result, before prescribing a dosage, one should check the DHA concen-trations in the individual's blood and then propose a dose that will benefit both the mother and the unborn. Thus, the review focuses on the favourable benefits of Ω-3, particularly DHA during preg-nancy and postpartum, therapeutic dose recommendations, safety considerations, particularly during pregnancy, and the mechanistic pathway that might prevent or reduce the frequency of PTB acci-dents.