bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication, structural, and enhanced mechanical behavior of MgO substituted PMMA composites for dental applications
Authors: Kumari Savita , Mishra Rajat Kumar , Parveen Shama , Avinashi Sarvesh Kumar , Hussain Ajaz , Kumar Saurabh , Banerjee Monisha , Rao Jitendra , Kumar Rupesh , Gautam Rakesh Kumar , Gautam Chandkiram
Published: January 2024

The most common denture material used for dentistry is poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Usually, the polymeric PMMA material has numerous biological, mechanical and cost-effective shortcomings. Hence, to resolve such types of drawbacks, attempts have been made to investigate fillers of the PMMA like alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), zirconia (ZrO2) etc. For the enhancement of the PMMA properties a suitable additive is required for its orthopedic applications. Herein, the main motive of this study was to synthesize a magnesium oxide (MgO) reinforced polymer-based hybrid nano-composites by using heat cure method with superior optical, biological and mechanical characteristics. For the structural and vibrational studies of the composites, XRD and FT-IR were carried out. Herein, the percentage of crystallinity for all the fabricated composites were also calculated and found to be 14.79–30.31. Various physical and optical parameters such as density, band gap, Urbach energy, cutoff energy, cutoff wavelength, steepness parameter, electron–phonon interaction, refractive index, and optical dielectric constant were also studied and their values are found to be in the range of 1.21–1.394 g/cm3, 5.44–5.48 eV, 0.167–0.027 eV, 5.68 eV, 218 nm, 0.156–0.962, 4.273–0.693, 1.937–1.932, and 3.752–3.731 respectively. To evaluate the mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the composites a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used and their values were 60.3 and 101 MPa, 78 and 40.3 MPa, 5.85 and 9.8 MPa-m1/2 respectively. Tribological tests of the composites were also carried out. In order to check the toxicity, MTT assay was also carried out for the PM0 and PM15 [(x)MgO + (100 − x) (C5O2H8)n] (x = 0 and 15) composites. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the structural, physical, optical, and biological features of the fabricated PMMA-MgO composites, highlighting the potential of the PM15 composite with its enhanced density, mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility for denture applications.
Severe and frequent extreme weather events undermine economic adaptation gains of tree-species diversification
Authors: Fuchs Jasper M. , Husmann Kai , Schick Jan , Albert Matthias , Lintunen Jussi , Paul Carola
Published: January 2024

Forests and their provision of ecosystem services are endangered by climate change. Tree-species diversification has been identified as a key adaptation strategy to balance economic risks and returns in forest stands. Yet, whether this synergy between ecology and economics persists under large-scale extreme weather events remains unanswered. Our model accounts for both, small-scale disturbances in individual stands and extreme weather events that cause spatio-temporally correlated disturbances in a large number of neighboring stands. It economically optimizes stand-type allocations in a large forest enterprise with multiple planning units. Novel components are: spatially explicit site heterogeneity and a comparison of economic diversification strategies under local and regionally coordinated planning by simplified measures for $$\alpha$$
α
, $$\beta$$
β
, and $$\gamma$$
γ
-diversity of stand types. $$\alpha$$
α
-diversity refers to the number and evenness of stand types in local planning units, $$\beta$$
β
-diversity to the dissimilarity of the species composition across planning units, and $$\gamma$$
γ
-diversity to the number and evenness of stand types in the entire enterprise. Local planning led to stand-type diversification within planning units ($$\alpha$$
α
-diversity), while regionally coordinated planning led to diversification across planning units ($$\beta$$
β
-diversity). We observed a trend towards homogenization of stand-type composition likely selected under economic objectives with increasing extreme weather events. No diversification strategy fully buffered the adverse economic consequences. This led to fatalistic decisions, i.e., selecting stand types with low investment risks but also low resistance to disturbances. The resulting forest structures indicate potential adverse consequences for other ecosystem services. We conclude that high tree-species diversity may not necessarily buffer economic consequences of extreme weather events. Forest policies reducing forest owners’ investment risks are needed to establish stable forests that provide multiple ecosystem services.
Preoperative risk factors associated with left ventricular dysfunction after bariatric surgery
Authors: Grymyr Lisa M. D. , Mellgren Gunnar , McCann Adrian , Gerdts Eva , Meyer Klaus , Nadirpour Saied , Fernø Johan , Nedrebø Bjørn G. , Cramariuc Dana
Published: January 2024

A large proportion of patients with severe obesity remain with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after bariatric surgery. We assessed whether preoperative evaluation by echocardiography and inflammatory proteins can identify this high-risk group. In the Bariatric Surgery on the West Coast of Norway study, 75 patients (44 ± 10 years, body mass index [BMI] 41.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were prospectively evaluated by echocardiography and inflammatory proteins (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], serum amyloid A [SAA] and calprotectin) before and one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. LV mechanics was assessed by the midwall shortening (MWS) and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Bariatric surgery improved BMI and GLS, and lowered hsCRP, calprotectin and SAA (p < 0.05). MWS remained unchanged and 35% of patients had impaired MWS at 1-year follow-up. A preoperative risk index including sex, hypertension, ejection fraction (EF) and high hsCRP (index 1) or SAA (index 2) predicted low 1-year MWS with 81% sensitivity/71% specificity (index 1), and 77% sensitivity/77% specificity (index 2) in ROC analyses (AUC 0.80 and 0.79, p < 0.001). Among individuals with severe obesity, women and patients with hypertension, increased serum levels of inflammatory proteins and reduced EF are at high risk of impaired LV midwall mechanics 1 year after bariatric surgery.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01533142 February 15, 2012.
Cutoffs of different body measurement indexes of central obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Luo Ai , Tang Zheng , Xu XiaoJia , Li Chao , Zhou Die , Xiao Dong , Lu Yongjie , Liang Rutao , Guan Guifen , Li Wangen , Hu Zhuoqing
Published: January 2024

Few research discuss whether the body measurement indexs of obesity in general populations is applicable to patients with type 2 diabetes. We explore the optimal cutoffs of visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) in the diagnosis of central obesity and the cutoffs of corresponding waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Cross-sectional cohort study. 1057 patients with T2D (550 males and 507 females) aged 18 or above that satisfied the criteria were included. The definition and diagnostic criteria of Metabolic syndrome (Mets) were analyzed according to the 2020 Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) Guideline. The VFA and SFA were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The optimal VFA and SFA cutoffs and corresponding WC and BMI when two or more nonadipose components of MetS (without central obesity) were met were analyzed by ROC curve. Among all of the T2D patients, the optimal VFA cutoff for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was 73.30 cm2 for females and 69.20 cm2 for males, while the optimal SFA cutoff was 186.70 cm2 for females and 123.30 cm2 for males. The ROC area under curve (AUC) of VFA for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was higher than that of SFA (Female: 0.65 vs. 0.58, P = 0.01). The VFA cutoff of newly diagnosed T2D patients (females = 86.10 cm2, males = 69.00 cm2) was higher than that of non-newly diagnosed T2D patients (females = 73.30 cm2, males = 65.40 cm2). A stratification analysis of gender and whether newly diagnosed with T2D or not showed that the WCs corresponding to VFA were 85.00 cm and BMI was about 24.00 kg/m2. VFA measured by BIA can be a non-invasive method to detect central obesity in patients with T2D, the corresponding WC were 85.00 cm and BMI was 24.00 kg/m2.
KLF15 transcriptionally activates LINC00689 to inhibit colorectal cancer development
Authors: Cao Yan , Li Jian , Zhang Gang , Fang Hao , Du Yongliang , Liang Yan
Published: January 2024

Colorectal cancer is a grievous health concern, we have proved long non-coding RNA LINC00689 is considered as a potential diagnosis biomarker for colorectal cancer, and it is necessary to further investigate its upstream and downstream mechanisms. Here, we show that KLF15, a transcription factor, exhibits the reduced expression in colorectal cancer. KLF15 suppresses the proliferative and metastatic capacities of colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo by transcriptionally activating LINC00689. Subsequently, LINC00689 recruits PTBP1 protein to enhance the stability of LATS2 mRNA in the cytoplasm. This stabilization causes the suppression of the YAP1/β-catenin pathway and its target downstream genes. Our findings highlight a regulatory network involving KLF15, LINC00689, PTBP1, LATS2, and the YAP1/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer therapy.
Transient co-tuning of atomic Fe and nanoparticle facets for self-relaying Fenton-like catalysis
Authors: Luo Jiewen , Zhu Xiangdong , Yu Fengbo , Jia Chao , Liu Chao , Zhao Qing , Zhao Xiaoli , Wu Fengchang
Published: January 2024

Fenton-like catalysts are important materials for degrading refractory organic pollutants, however, they still suffer from limited oxidizing ability. Although single atoms and nanoparticles with high-index facets are commonly used in catalysis, their high surface energy hinders controllable synthesis. Here, we construct an iron-based material containing both isolated single atoms and high-index faceted nanoparticles by carbon-assisted Flash Joule heating for organic pollutant remediation. The current-induced thermal shock benefits the excitation of iron atoms and subsequent trapping by graphene defects. At ultrahigh temperatures, the thermodynamic limitations are overcome, leading to nanoparticles with high-index facets. Density functional theory calculations indicate that hydroxyl radical production can be enhanced by self-relay catalysis via the ensemble effect between single atoms and high-index facet nanoparticles. The derived materials exhibit dramatically improved performance in terms of antibiotic removal and medical micropolluted water. Thus, this method presents an effective strategy for designing smart materials for organic wastewater purification.
Moderate-coherence sensing with optical cavities: ultra-high accuracy meets ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Shelling Neto Liam , Sauer Steffen , Kroker Stefanie
Published: January 2024

Interferometric sensors, renowned for their exceptional accuracy, leverage the wave properties of coherent electromagnetic radiation. The periodicity of the measurement signal often critically limits the measurement range of sensors utilizing interferometry. Here we introduce a cavity-based interferometry concept that capitalizes on a laser with moderate coherence, thereby combining ultra-high accuracy with ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range. To this end mid-fringe detection is combined with measurements of the interferometric visibility. We present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach exemplarily for length sensing. Notably, our system achieves an accuracy of 1 nm with a measurement range of 120 μm (relative uncertainty of 0.00083 %) and a bandwidth ranging from 0 Hz to 20 kHz. These findings support advancements in high-precision sensing applications that demand simultaneous accuracy, measurement range and bandwidth.
Ag2O@UiO-66 new thin film as p–n heterojunction: permanent photoreduction of hexavalent Cr
Authors: Amiri Sara , Chahkandi Mohammad , Zargazi Mahboobeh
Published: January 2024

New heterojunction occured between two contents of Ag2O@UiO-66 as effective photocatalyst within Cr6+ reduction.
Fabrication and application of glutathione biosensing SPCE strips with gold nanoparticle modification
Authors: Sun Yu-Ling , Chang Hui-Fang , Chiang Ping-Hsuan , Lin Meng-Wei , Lin Cheng-Han , Kuo Chiu-Mei , Lin Tzu-Ching , Lin Chih-Sheng
Published: January 2024

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in organisms.
Quantification of extracrystalline acid sites in MFI zeolites after post-synthetic passivation treatments using mesitylene benzylation kinetics
Authors: Ezenwa Sopuruchukwu , Hopping Geoffrey M. , Sauer Eric D. , Scott Teah , Mack Savanna , Gounder Rajamani
Published: January 2024

Mesitylene benzylation kinetics enable quantification of dilute amounts of external H+ sites in surface passivated MFI zeolites that are not assessable by conventional spectroscopic or titrimetric techniques.
DLP 3D printing of electrically conductive hybrid hydrogels via polymerization-induced phase separation and subsequent in situ assembly of polypyrrole
Authors: Song Chuhan , Zhao Qian , Xie Tao , Wu Jingjun
Published: January 2024

A porous hydrogel was constructed through polymerization-induced phase separation and DLP 3D printing. After in situ formation of an interconnected polypyrrole network, the hybrid hydrogel shows an exceptional electrical conductivity of 264 S m−1.
Large effective mass and ultralow thermal conductivity lead to high thermoelectric performance in the high-entropy semiconductor MnGeAgBiTe4
Authors: Tang Yuxia , Shu Wenjie , Su Bingwen , Hong Aijun , Zhai Wenjing , Li Juan , Zhou Guanzhong , Lin Lin , Zhou Xiaohui , Yan Zhibo , Zhang Qian , Liu Jun-Ming
Published: January 2024

The partial substitution of Mn with Ge in the phase-separated MnTe–AgBiTe2 alloy effectively stabilizes a single solid solution and improves the thermoelectric performance.
Biomimicking natural wood to fabricate isotropically super-strong, tough, and transparent hydrogels for strain sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator applications
Authors: Xie Yitong , Shi Xiaoyu , Gao Shishuai , Lai Chenhuan , Lu Chuanwei , Huang Yuxiang , Zhang Daihui , Nie Shuangxi , Xu Feng , Chu Fuxiang
Published: January 2024

We describe an efficient wood-inspired biomimicking strategy integrating multiscale structures to synthesize isotropically strong, tough, conductive, and transparent hydrogels as strain sensors and self-powered triboelectric nanogenerators.
High-performance and low-power sub-5 nm field-effect transistors based on 7-9-7-AGNR
Authors: Guo Hang , Zhang Xian , Chen Shuai , Huang Li , Dong Yan , Guo Zhi-Xin
Published: January 2024

The 7-9-7 AGNR is an ideal channel material for sub-5-nm one-dimensional FETs and is suitable for high-performance and low-power applications.
Fundamental guidelines for the active control of the molecular orientation of heteroleptic iridium complexes enabled by carbazole-based host materials
Authors: Arai Hiroki , Yoshida Naoto , Sasabe Hisahiro , Sagae Yuki , Hoshi Keigo , Yokoyama Daisuke , Kido Junji
Published: January 2024

The transition dipole moments of a heteroleptic iridium complex are actively controlled by using cyano-containing carbazole-based hosts. The orientation ratio (Θ) is improved from 65% to 78%. The Θ value is correlated with the Tg value of host material.
Simulating radio-off fractions in rotating radio transients
Authors: Yuen R.
Published: January 2024

Aims. We aim to simulate the proportions of non-detectable emission, measured as radio-off fractions (foff), in rotating radio transients (RRATs). We also investigate the properties related to the underlying mechanism for such sporadic emission.

Methods. From observations of intermittent pulsars, radio emission originates from two distinct emission states and it becomes non-detectable when the pulsar switches to an emission state characterized by magnetospheric plasma density of zero. We performed simulations of foff based on 10 000 samples, each with 10 000 rotations and using a model that tracks changes in the plasma density in a pulsar magnetosphere with multiple emission states. We assumed that (i) RRATs are radio pulsars, (ii) radio pulse intensity is correlated with the emitting plasma density as stated in the conventional models, and (iii) a pulse emission corresponds to a change in the plasma density under favorable conditions.

Results. A best-fit distribution for foff is obtained when emission from RRATs is defaulted to radio-off. The resulting wait time distribution can be fitted by two functions of an exponential and a Gaussian, which is consistent with the observations. We demonstrate that the switch rate is low and that the burst rate is dependent on rotation period. In addition, the switch rate is related to the obliquity angle, which implies that the mechanism varies over time. Our results suggest that switching to radio-on is a random process, which implies that the burst rate is different for different RRATs. We show that RRAT emission and pulse nulling may share similar origins, but with different default emission. We discuss how the emission may change from that of RRAT to pulse nulling (or vice versa) as a pulsar evolves.
Erratum to: Enhancing Asphalt Mixture Performance with Crumb Rubber: A Sustainable Solution for Improved Durability and Mechanical Properties
Authors: khadim Hawraa M. , Al-Mosawe Hasan M.
Published: January 2024

The proceedings editor has inappropriately added two references to his own works without consulting the original authors.
The journal follows the principles set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including the principle that
editors should not publish changes to an author's piece of work without those changes having been agreed with and
approved by the author(s).

A reversion of the article without the two references has been published.
Overview of the II International Workshop “Hybrid methods of modeling and optimization in complex systems” (HMMOCS-II 2023)
Authors: Stanimirović Predrag , Stupina Alena , Kovalev Igor
Published: January 2024

The Overview is devoted to the main results of the II International Workshop “Hybrid methods of modeling and optimization in complex systems” (HMMOCS-II 2023) which was held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 28-30 November 2023. It describes the main directions and gives the details about the participants and the proceedings.
Customer churn classification through a weights and structure determination neural network
Authors: Mourtas Spyridon D.
Published: January 2024

In today's corporate world, acquiring and keeping clients are the most important priorities. Every business’s market is expanding quickly, which is increasing the number of subscribers. Because neglect could result in a drop in profitability from a major standpoint, it has become imperative for service providers to limit churn rates. These days, identifying which customers are most likely to leave a business requires a lot less work thanks to machine learning. Taking this into account, a novel weights and structure determination (WASD) neural network has been built to meet the aforementioned challenge of customer churn classification, as well as to handle its unique characteristics. Motivated by the observation that WASD neural networks outperform conventional back-propagation neural networks in terms of slow training speed and trapping in a local minimum, we enhance the WASD algorithm's learning process with a new activation function for best adapting to the customer churn model. Superior performance and flexibility to problems are demonstrated in an experimental investigation using a dataset from a telecommunications provider.
Information models for ensuring the sustainability of transport operations formation in the context of digitalization
Authors: Mukhina Kseniia , Burmenko Tatiana , Gelek Sergey
Published: January 2024

The conditions for the formation of an information model for ensuring transport activities in the context of digitalization and the digital transformation of the transport industry are considered. It is shown that the development of information support will allow switching to transport from information systems that perform a passive function and information support for management, to active, predictive management systems based on increasing the degree of use of available information and its verification.
Comparison and selection of criteria and features in morphological analysis
Authors: Rakov Dmitry
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the issues of using the method of pairwise comparisons in the selection of attributes and criteria in morphological analysis. The paper specifies the possibilities of solving the problems of collecting, analysing, evaluating and selecting rational options. The fundamental impossibility of building accurate models leads to the necessity of decision making under conditions of uncertainty. The analytic hierarchy process is used to solve the problems. The formulation and method of solving the problem are given. Using an example, the application of the proposed approach is shown. In conclusion and conclusions are drawn and the advantages of the stated algorithm are considered. The use of the proposed approach allows increasing the validity of the decisions made in morphological analysis and thus increasing the efficiency of research.
Model of surface plastic deformation technology without coolant application developed based on the use of the Ansys information system and experiment
Authors: Savelyev Aleksandr
Published: January 2024

In the modern engine industry, the rates of accuracy, reliability and efficiency are at quite high levels, so when it comes to improving performance within any category of parameters, in particular the timeframe for modernizing production or developing a new product or technology, engineers and scientists are now creating software that will use a digital twin technology both at the design and production stages to launch the project. This article demonstrates the research results of the digital twin development for the surface plastic deformation technology by smoothing without coolant, the tool material of hard alloy VK 8 and a workpiece of steel 40 X obtained by performing a real experiment on the Ramo lathe machine and calculated in the ANSYS software. The technologies developed will significantly reduce the lead time for manufacturing engine parts in the machine-engineering and airspace industries.
Information modeling of the normal forms of logical functions in Maple system
Authors: Olenev Aleksandr , Kirichek Ksenia , Shuvaev Aleksandr , Petlina Elena
Published: January 2024

The article discusses possible ways to use the Maple computer algebra system to obtain perfect conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms. Computer algebra systems make it possible to expand the possibilities for creating, applying and using mathematical models in the daily activities of engineers, researchers, and also contribute to improving the education of students of various training profiles. In addition, the use of computer technology can help to apply various methods and expand approaches to the representation of the studied objects (Boolean functions) of discrete form, including in education. Computer algebra systems such as Maple, Mathematica, etc. are the most adapted for studying various sections of discrete mathematics and mathematics in general. The possibilities of the Maple program are shown for use at the initial stages of mastering the discrete mathematics section of the university course - Boolean functions, in particular, for work on the construction and study of perfect conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms according to the truth table.
Financial time series forecasting methods
Authors: Zinenko Anna , Stupina Alena
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the development of time series forecasting algorithms based on the Integrated Autoregressive Moving Average Model (ARIMA) and the Fourier Expansion model. These models were applied to non-stationary time series of stock quotes after bringing these series to a stationary form. In the paper, ARIMA and Fourier Expansion model were constructed, using Python development environment. The developed algorithms were tested on Russian and American stock indices using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error metric.
Design of information support systems for enterprises based on the principles of system analysis
Authors: Bobrovskiy Sergei , Skorokhodov Sergei , Chekanov Ivan
Published: January 2024

The information support systems of enterprises and the tasks they perform are considered. An analysis of the basic requirements for information support systems was carried out. The basic principles of system analysis applicable to the design of an information support system are considered. The main directions of interaction between the enterprise information support system and other systems are identified based on the principles of system analysis. The information support system interacts with other systems based on the principles of system analysis, using data and analytical tools to make decisions on enterprise management and monitor the operation of other systems. The direction of ensuring security for the information support system is separately considered. The main stages of designing an information support system are formulated based on the principles of system analysis. Recommendations have been put forward for the further development of the information support system based on the principles of system analysis. These recommendations will help the enterprise continue to develop and improve the information support system in accordance with its needs and strategic goals.
Optimization of conditions for the formation of functional coatings based on carboxymethylcellulose with chromium
Authors: Antonova Natalia , Khokhlova Anna
Published: January 2024

The possibility of increasing the strength and improving the functional properties of coatings based on biopolymers by adding metal powders is considered. An approach has been proposed that makes it possible to form composites based on carboxymethylcellulose with specified mechanical properties. The procedure for adjusting the process of formation and increasing the strength of a protective coating based on carboxymethylcellulose with chromium powder is shown. For the numerical calculation of the composition and temperature conditions for the manufacture of composite materials, a software module developed in the Microsoft Visual Studio environment was used. The calculation makes it possible to determine the combination of components of the coating composition that provides the highest mechanical strength for a given value of the relative deformation of the biocomposite. An example of calculation is given for a protective coating based on carboxymethylcellulose with chromium powder. The calculation results were confirmed experimentally. Using the proposed approach makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of coatings by 40% and improve the adhesive strength to 1 point.
A comparative study of state-of-the-art multi-objective optimization algorithms
Authors: Li Jiawei , Sopov Evgenii
Published: January 2024

With the development of intelligent algorithms, multi-objective optimization problems are increasingly showing a significant role in various fields. In this paper, we used four multi-objective optimization algorithms and tested them on six ZDT standard test problems. Conducted experiments to analyse the optimization effects of the algorithms and determine the strengths and weaknesses of each. These analyses help to identify the most appropriate optimization algorithm for a given problem.
Sample size analysis for conducting research
Authors: Pokushko Mariia , Karaseva Margarita , Pokushko Roman , Aslanidis Ilias , Weitzel Julia , Nikiforov Artur
Published: January 2024

The paper describes a method for analyzing a sample size for conducting research. The main stages of sample size analysis with different error rates are considered. The stages of the work in the software for calculating the error rate and sample size are described. Experiments were carried out concerning the application of the described method and program in practice when studying the operating efficiency of electric motors for pumping stations.
Supervised machine learning with regression for the IRT-T reactor cooling system
Authors: Kublinskiy Maxim , Smolnikov Nikita , Naymushin Artem
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to create a machine learning model for the IRT-T reactor cooling system, which can estimate and predict the temperature difference in the secondary circuit. To do this, data was downloaded from the SCADA system, then an application was developed for converting and preprocessing this data. Then regression and classification models were constructed that evaluated the efficiency of the cooling system and its ability to predict changes in the temperature drop on heat exchangers. The main technical characteristics of the IRT-T reactor include a thermal power of 6 MW, the use of UO2 nuclear fuel in an aluminum matrix with an enrichment of 90.1%, a coolant in the form of desalinated water, tubular square-section fuel rods with external cooling, the fuel element shell material is SAV-1 alloy, and the use of five 5 IRT-1000 type heat exchangers with a total area of heat exchange of 1000 m2.
Model of the influence of weather conditions on car traffic (using the example of weather conditions in Siberia)
Authors: Stupin Artem , Dubovik Natalia , Shagaeva Olga
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to build a model of the influence of weather and climatic factors on the throughput of various types of roads and intersections. Weather conditions affect the acceleration, braking and stability of a vehicle on the road. The results show that the weather affects traffic intersections of streets, which need to be optimized depending on the current road and transport situation. As a result, a model of the influence of rain, snow and ice on road situations was simulated and built.
Electroencephalogram data analysis using Convolutional Neural Networks and Gramian Angular Field
Authors: Egorova Lyudmila , Rozhnov Ivan , Kazakovtsev Lev , Polyakova Anastasiya
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The paper proposes a binary classification model designed to analyze electroencephalograms data to detecting pathologies associated with epilepsy. The model is based on the Convolutional Neural Network. As input data for the neural network, images obtained by transforming the values of the original electroencephalograms time series based on the Gramian Angular Field matrix were used. The model was trained on data from the Temple University Hospital electroencephalograms Seizure Corpus open data source. The proposed model demonstrated high performance metrics: accuracy – 91%, precision – 92%, recall – 95%, F1-0.93.
Everted U-Net for 3D scene reconstruction and segmentation
Authors: Mymlikov Vladislav , Antamoshkin Oleslav , Farafonov Maxim
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The field of data science related to the processing of three-dimensional objects is becoming more and more relevant. After the successes in image processing, the apotheosis of which was the development of generative neural net-works, the intensification of efforts in the direction of three-dimensional data processing looks logical. Although there are now numerous systems for the reconstruction of three-dimensional objects and other processing, almost all of the existing solutions are aimed at working with a single object. The advances in image processing with neural networks have largely been made possible by huge datasets. There are also large datasets available for model training in this area. Freely avail-able datasets such as ShapeNet and ModelNet contain many thousands of different models, allowing for a high diversity of data. However, most of them provide single individual objects, which allows them to be used in tasks involving the processing of a single three-dimensional object, but when working with scenes containing many objects, there is often a problem of finding an appropriate dataset. This work is aimed at solving the problem of reconstruction and segmentation of three-dimensional scenes, as well as generation of datasets for the task of processing scenes from the real world.
Functional structure of reflexive-active systems of artificial heterogeneous intelligent agents
Authors: Listopad Sergey
Published: January 2024

The paper is aimed at developing distributed artificial intelligence systems for relevant simulation of collective solving of practical problems by modeling reflection. The paper presents the basic design principles and typical functional structure of reflexive-active systems of artificial heterogeneous intelligent agents. Agents of such systems mutually model each other’s reflexive positions; dynamically develop tactics and strategies for their behavior that are relevant to the models of their counterparties; if it is necessary during problem solving, attract new agents from the pool of available agents built by various developers and exclude existing ones, rebuilding “on the fly” the composition of agents and the structure of connections between them.
Clustering of bacteria by the triplet composition of 5S RNA
Authors: Ovchinnikova Iuliia , Sadovsky Michael , Sokolov Vladislav
Published: January 2024

The relationship between the structure of nucleotide sequences, the function they encode, and the taxonomy of the host is an important subject of study for molecular biologists and bioinformaticians, as well as specialists in processing big data arrays. There are various approaches in this direction; one of them is connected with the study of the relationship between the structure of biological macromolecules (specifically, bacterial ribosomal RNA molecules) and the taxonomy of their carriers. For these organisms, 16S RNA sequences are a classic subject of study. However, of no less interest is the study of the relationship be-tween structure and taxonomy for other sequences. In the framework of this work, we studied the relationship between structure and taxonomy using bacterial 5S RNA sequences as an example.
Cricothyrotomy - In Unanticipated Difficult Intubation Cases with Respiratory Compromise
Authors: Sathiyabama S
Published: January 2024

Introduction Cricothyrotomy, percutaneous dilation tracheostomy, and tracheostomy are all cost-effective and safe techniques used in the management of critically ill patients who need an artificial airway other than endotracheal tube ventilation. The present study focused on enlightening on elective and emergency procedures performed on conditions present with difficult airways and also attempts to shed light on the aspects of securing an airway in anticipated and unanticipated difficult intubation.

Objective The objective of the study was to compare the three procedures conducted during difficult airway/failed intubation situations.

Methods The present retrospective observational study was conducted collecting data from patient files obtained at a tertiary healthcare center from 2013 to 2018. The difficult intubation cases were managed by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeons. The study compared three methods: Cricothyrotomy, percutaneous dilation tracheostomy, and tracheostomy based on factors such as procedure duration, complications, and the instruments required for each procedure.

Results The study enrolled 85 patients, 61 males and 24 females, aged between 30 and 70 years old. To perform cricothyrotomy, only a simple blade was required. Cricothyrotomy had the shortest operating time (4.1±3.1 minutes) and the shortest time of full oxygen saturation (3 min). Percutaneous tracheostomy had the least amount of bleeding (1%). Cricothyrotomy significantly showed the least intraoperative bleeding than percutaneous dilation, tracheostomy, and tracheostomy (p = 0.001).

Conclusion Cricothyrotomy is preferable as it takes less time to perform, causes less bleeding, and takes the least time for full oxygen saturation than tracheostomy and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in “can't intubate, can't oxygenate” patients.
Can education influence the public’s vulnerability to county lines?
Authors: Hayman Chloe-Marie , Stubbings Daniel Robert , Davies Joseph Lloyd , Payne Libby
Published: January 2024

This paper explored the novel use of an educational tool to assess its influence on County Lines victimisation. Participants (n = 122) were randomly assigned to receive either County Lines education or no County Lines education and then, rate their likelihood to engage in five hypothetical scenarios typical of County Lines victimisation verses a text scam. County Lines education did not significantly reduce participant willingness to engage in the scenarios, whilst most participants were not susceptible to a text scam. Demographic data, drug use, social isolation, poor mental health, and financial instability were weak predictors of engagement. Findings suggest that the public may be vulnerable to victimisation and that future research should continue to explore the role that education can have in reducing the likelihood of engaging in County Lines activity.
The power of Internet: from the perspective of women’s bargaining power
Authors: Li Zhongwu , Lu Fengzhi
Published: January 2024

In the exploration of factors influencing women’s empowerment, prior research has offered limited insights into the impact of technology, specifically the Internet. This study pioneers the incorporation of the Internet into the framework of women’s empowerment, investigating its causal effect on women’s bargaining power within households. Bargaining power is defined here as women’s capacity to shape crucial decisions pertaining to significant family matters such as investments and property acquisitions. Utilizing data from the Third National Survey on Chinese Women’s Social Status and the 2014 China Family Panel Studies, this paper reveals that Internet usage significantly enhances women’s bargaining power. Notably, this positive effect persists even after addressing endogeneity concerns through instrumental variable methodology. The study further uncovers that the empowering influence of Internet use is particularly pronounced in rural areas. Gender beliefs, employment status, and income level emerge as pivotal mediating factors through which Internet usage influences women’s bargaining power. The findings highlight the crucial role of digital technology in women’s empowerment, underscoring the importance of policies aimed at expanding women’s Internet access to enhance their bargaining power within households.
Adjusting barriers and spacing of solar panels can boost performance
Authors: McConnon Aili
Published: January 2024

Computer simulations using systems-level approach based on fluid mechanics reveal how to cool solar panels.
28 THz soliton frequency comb in a continuous-wave pumped fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator
Authors: Bunel T. , Conforti M. , Ziani Z. , Lumeau J. , Moreau A. , Fernandez A. , Llopis O. , Bourcier G. , Mussot A.
Published: January 2024

We report the generation of an optical frequency comb featuring a 28 THz bandwidth, sustained by a single 80 fs cavity soliton recirculating in a fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator. This large spectrum is comparable to frequency combs obtained with microresonators operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. Thanks to the compact design and the easy coupling of the resonator, cavity solitons can be generated in an all-fiber experimental setup with a continuous wave pumping scheme. We also observe the generation of a dispersive wave at higher frequencies, which is supported by higher-order dispersion. These observations align remarkably well with both numerical simulations and the established theory of cavity solitons.
Magnetic critical behavior of van der Waals Fe3GaTe2 with above-room-temperature ferromagnetism
Authors: Algaidi Hanin , Zhang Chenhui , Ma Yinchang , Liu Chen , Chen Aitian , Zheng Dongxing , Zhang Xixiang
Published: January 2024

Fe3GaTe2 is a promising van der Waals material for future spintronic applications because of its intrinsic above-room-temperature ferromagnetism. Herein, high quality Fe3GaTe2 single crystals were successfully grown by the chemical vapor transport method. Its magnetic critical behavior in the vicinity of paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition region was systematically investigated. The critical exponents β = 0.350(1) and γ = 1.385(5) were obtained by using the Kouvel–Fisher method, and δ = 4.92(1) was obtained by a critical isotherm analysis at critical temperature TC = 358 K, which is consistent with the Widom scaling relation δ = 1 + γ/β. The critical exponents determined using different methods are self-consistent and obey the scaling equations predicted by the scaling theory. The renormalization group theory analysis based on the extracted critical exponents further reveals that the magnetic interaction in Fe3GaTe2 is of the 3D Heisenberg type with long-range magnetic coupling.
Quality of life and broader experiences of those with acoustic neuroma: a mixed methods approach
Authors: Ben-Harosh Lior , Barker-Collo Suzanne , Nowacka Alicja , Garrett Joanne , Miles Anna
Published: January 2024

Background Acoustic neuromas (ANs) are consistently associated with decreased quality of life (QOL) related to the physical and psychosocial impacts of symptoms experienced from the tumour and its treatment. This study explored patient-reported experiences of ANs in New Zealand, with a focus on the impact on QOL and the provision of information, support and services. Methods A mixed methods approach was taken, conducting an online community survey that included the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality of Life Scale (N = 52). Those who indicated interest were offered semi-structured interviews after the survey (N = 17), which were analysed using content analysis. Results A negative impact on QOL was found, highlighting five key themes in the experiences of people: (1) ongoing physical, social and psychological impacts; (2) information and support from the medical system; (3) autonomy and decision-making; (4) the importance of peer support; and (5) remaining positive – life goes on. Conclusions Our findings indicate areas for improvement that may benefit people’s healthcare experience and QOL. Both quantitative and qualitative results identified gaps associated with person-centred care and the need for information, education, emotional support and access to services. Recommendations include a need for more information (verbal and written) during all stages of diagnosis and treatment, shared decision-making and increased access to allied health, including psychological services and support groups.
Sexual pleasure and HIV-related worry in female sex workers on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in south-western Uganda
Authors: Nakiganda Lydia Jacenta , Bavinton Benjamin R. , Poynten Isobel Mary , Serwadda David , Bazaale Jeremiah Mulamba , Grulich Andrew E.
Published: January 2024

Background Female sex workers (FSWs) contribute disproportionately to HIV transmission in Uganda, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV among cisgender women. Psychological factors are important for PrEP uptake, but few studies have examined psychosocial changes due to PrEP use in Uganda. Methods In 2021, we recruited 524 FSWs in three Trans-African Highway towns and four fishing communities in south-western Uganda. We conducted structured interviews among women who were attending routine PrEP follow-up visits in six health units. Bivariable and multivariable modified regression using a robust covariance matrix estimator were used to identify factors associated with experiencing increased sexual pleasure and less worry about HIV because of PrEP. Results Overall, 80.9% participants reported that sex was more pleasurable because of taking PrEP. There were statistical trends for sex being more pleasurable when taking PrEP or when having condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07–1.32, P = 0.001). Almost three-quarters of the participants (76.3%) were less worried about getting HIV because of PrEP. Condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.31, P = 0.032, P = 0.003) and being On PrEP for the past 1–2 years (aPR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00–1.38, P = 0.032) was significantly associated with HIV-related worry (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.31, P = 0.032, P = 0.003) Conclusions We found a positive impact of PrEP in Ugandan FSWs on two key psychosocial dimensions: (1) more pleasurable sex; and (2) less worry about acquiring HIV. Interventions aiming to increase PrEP uptake may find it useful to focus on psychosocial dimensions.
Study on Creep Anisotropy at 760°C of a Single Crystal Superalloy
Authors: Xuezheng Dou , Jinxia Song , Dinggang Wang , Xinguang Guan , Chengbo Xiao
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the creep properties of a second generation single crystal superalloy DD412 with [001], [011] and [111] orientation at 760°C were studied. The experimental results show that the creep properties of DD412 alloy with different orientations have significant anisotropy under the stress of 580MPa-620MPa at 760°C. The [001] and [111] oriented alloys have remarkably better creep performance than [011] oriented alloy. And the creep performance of [111] oriented alloy is superior to that of [001] oriented alloy under the condition of 760°C/620MPa, while the tendency is inverse under the condition of 760°C/580MPa. The dislocation configurations of the alloy with different orientations during creep process are significantly different, resulting in creep anisotropy. For [001] and [111] oriented alloy, there are large number of dislocations in the γ channel that intersect and form local high-density dislocation aggregation, which has a strong blocking effect on the movement of dislocations. For [011] oriented alloy, the <110>{111} dislocations intersect each other to form <112>{111} partial dislocations and stacking faults, cutting into the γ′ phase, which lead to rapid growth of creep deformation and the poor creep performance of [011] oriented alloy.
Effect of micro-grain casting process on the microstructure and high cycle fatigue properties of K492M alloy at 700 °C
Authors: Hu P P , Wang Y , Li W D , He J S , Wang X T , Xiao C B
Published: January 2024

A nickel base polycrystalline superalloy K492M was used as the material in the present study. The samples of K492M alloy were prepared by conventional casting process, fine-grain casting process and micro-grain casting process, respectively, to study the effects of micro-grain casting process on the microstructure and high cycle fatigue property of K492M alloy at 700 °C. The experimental results show that micro-grain casting process can significantly refine grains, reduce solidification segregation and increase γ′ volume fraction. The micro-grain casting K492M sample exhibited a significantly higher high cycle fatigue life at 700 °C, which was improved by 412% and 269% from that of conventional and fine-grain casting samples, respectively. Analysis for fracture sample indicated that fatigue cracks initiated from the persistent slip bands on the surface or subsurface of the sample. In addition, the cracked carbides accelerated the crack propagation and fatigue fracture. The refined grains and carbides by micro-grain casting process significantly slowed down the propagation of fatigue cracks, and thereby improves the fatigue life.