bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF PROSOPIS JULIFLORA ON FARMLAND AND RANGELAND IN BALADWEYNE, HIRAN-SOMALIA
Authors: Nur Dr. Ali Addow
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the influence of Prosopis juliflora on farmland and rangeland in Beledweyne-Hiran, Somalia. The objectives of this study were; To examine the influence of Prosopis juliflora on the plant species biodiversity on farmlands and rangelands. To identify the effect of Prosopis juliflora on pasture and agriculture productivity on rangeland and farmlands, to investigate the Causes of the invasion and displacement of Prosopis juliflora on farmlands and rangelands, This study adopted a quantitative research design, particularly a descriptive design. Structured questionnaires were conducted with 80 participants. Our analysis showed that Prosopis juliflora negatively influences farmland and rangeland in Beledweyne. A higher proportion of the respondents (80%) agreed that Prosopis juliflora outcompetes native plant species for resources such as light, water, and nutrients, reducing the abundance and diversity of the native plant species. Prosopis juliflora also affects pasture and agriculture productivity. A higher proportion of the respondents (81.3) agreed that there is a negative relationship between the increase in Prosopis juliflora invasion and fodder/feed availability on grazing lands. In this study, it is found that there were many factors that cause of invasion and displacement of Prosopis juliflora. A higher proportion of the respondents (85%) agreed that the success of the Prosopis juliflora invasion is largely attributed to the high number of seeds produced and their efficient dispersal mechanisms. The researchers recommended Organizing people (forming a task force) to manually manage Prosopis in areas with potential uses such as farming, settlement, grazing and other uses prior to the species maturing and bearing fruit and to raise the public awareness, especially in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas, about the effects of Prosopis on agricultural productivity, human health, and the ecosystem is also essential. In line with this, cost-effective and simple control methods that can be accomplished by these groups should be identified and implemented.
In Memory of Sergey Andriaka
Authors: Arustamova-Andriaka S. S. , Fomicheva D. V.
Published: September 2024

Sergey Nikolaevich Andriaka (July 14, 1958 - May 16, 2024) was a distinguished Russian watercolorist, a celebrated artist and educator, and a pivotal figure in national art education. He served as editor-in-chief and a permanent author for the scientific and methodological journal Secreta Artis. Andriaka was the driving force behind the extensive scientific, methodological, and publishing efforts of the art institutions he founded and led: the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Sergey Andriaka Academy of Watercolor and Fine Arts" and the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Education "Sergey Andriaka Specialized School of Watercolor with a Museum and Exhibition Complex".

This article represents the first comprehensive effort to summarize his substantial contributions, trace his professional journey, and provide foundational information about his artistic and pedagogical career. It explores the principles underlying the School of Watercolor and the Academy of Watercolor and Fine Arts, and delves into key aspects of Anrdriaka's unique teaching methodology, particularly his multilayer watercolor technique.

The article features previously unpublished materials, such as drafts of Andriaka's autobiography and personal conversations with him.
The influence of organisational change on organisational culture and employee engagement at a retail distribution centre in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Ndlovu Thobeka
Published: September 2024

Organisational change remains one of the most critical challenges facing organisations. It is imperative for employee engagement and organisational culture to be incorporated into the organisational strategic goals to enhance employee performance and organisational success. Generally, organisational change can be triggered by factors including the business, political, economic, and cultural environments, competitor initiatives, technological innovations, globalisation, or restructuring. The riots that happened in several parts of Durban and Johannesburg in July 2021 affected several businesses. In the aftermath, studies have emerged detailing the impact of the riots, yet very few studies, if any, exist on the impact of the unrests on organisations across the retail distribution sector. This study aims to close this gap by investigating the impact of organisational change on organisational culture and employee engagement within the retail distribution sector. The study fulfils three main objectives to achieve this aim. The first objective is to examine the Influence of organisational change on organisational culture. Secondly, the study seeks to examine the Influence of organisational change on employee engagement, and lastly, the study aims to determine the role of demographic factors, if any, on the influence of organisational change on organisational culture and employee engagement.
Improving the administration of disability grants in South Africa’s social security agency
Authors:   , Luthuli Mthokozisi Sydney
Published: September 2024

Improving the administration of disability grants in South Africa’s Social Security Agency was the primary focus of the study. Although the South African social security grant categories include the child support grant, older age persons’ grant, disability grant, grant-in-aid, care dependency grant, war veterans grant and the foster child grants, this study only focused on disability grants. In South Africa, fraud and maladministration are among the challenges impacting the quality of public service delivery. In terms of the study, the impact of this amongst other issues were investigated. The aim of the study was to improve the administration of disability grants in South Africa’s Social Security Agency, identify gaps and forward recommendations. The study adopted a mixed method approach using the SASSA offices in Gauteng, Western Cape, and the KwaZulu-Natal provinces. The data collection tools were interviews and questionnaires, while SPSS and computer software instruments were used to analyse and interpret the findings. This study’s original contribution was to improve the disability grant policy by introducing a more critical framework for addressing the disability grant issues that undermine the effective administration of disability grants at the selected South African Social Security Agencies. The contribution to the study was three-fold [1] Gaps in literature; [2] a conceptual analysis; and [3] Methodological/theoretical (statistics and interview contribution).
An integrated approach to managing single-use-plastics
Authors:   , Roopnarian Oshea
Published: September 2024

Societies’ reliance on plastic materials and excessive consumption off Single-Use-Plastics (SUP) associated with poor regulations and conglomeration of plastic waste in the environment has had radical and far-reaching consequences on food chains, strained landfill territory and declined tourism, to name a few. The expanse of these effects suggests that the negative impact of SUP warrants urgent attention. There are urgent calls from the Group of Seven (G7), Group of Twenty (G20) and Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) intergovernmental bodies along with the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals to control the detrimental effects of SUP. This study aimed to develop an Integrated Quality and Environmental Management System (IQEMS) to control the consumption, use and pollution caused by SUP in the South African context. Accordingly, the objectives of this study explored selected quality (ISO 9001:2015) and environmental Standards (ISO 14001:2015) with their applications and a SWOT analysis in order to inform the integration process. This study followed a qualitative research approach and gathered data using a systematic literature review and thematic analyses. Two-hundred and twenty-three articles were selected from different databases such as Pubmed, Web of Science, Emerald, Scopus and Taylor and Francis. Some of the keywords that were used to search the databases were “SUP”, “ISO 9001”, “ISO 14001” “Industry 4.0”, “Risk Management”, “Plastic Pollution”, “Integrated Management Systems” and “SUP regulation”. Following these analyses, the study Benchmarked different legislative and economic strategies undertaken by other countries for both the private and public sector to mitigate the impact of SUP and developed an integrated management system (IQEMS). Thereafter, a perception study, using interviews was undertaken with experts to determine the usefulness of the proposed IQEMS. The research concluded that the integrative system was useful and the study presented a way forward for South Africa from the legislative level for both the private and public sectors in the management of SUP. It is envisaged that the integrated system can assist in developing guidelines and protocols for the facilitation of active involvement of municipal management in sustainable programmes. The outcomes of this can spur the development of different niche markets, thereby stimulating employment and the local economy.
Implementasi Kebijakan Program MBKM Pada Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah
Authors: Lestari Mita , Susanto Heri , Prawitasari Melisa
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi program MBKM dan faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat implementasi MBKM di Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP ULM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu observasi, wawancara, studi dokumen. Penentuan sumber data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pada uji keabsahan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi teknik, sumber, dan waktu. Teknik analisis data menggunakan acuan dari Miles dan Huberman, proses analisis data dimulai dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: implementasi program MBKM di Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP ULM sudah berjalan cukup baik walaupun masih menghadapi beberapa kendala yang perlu diatasi, dan faktor yang mendukung meliputi minat tinggi mahasiswa, dukungan dari dosen dan program studi, serta kemandirian program studi dalam mengelola program MBKM. Faktor yang menghambat seperti kurangnya indikator evaluasi yang jelas, panduan yang belum lengkap, dan kendala dalam penyesuaian jadwal. Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa implementasi program MBKM di Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP ULM berjalan sudah dengan cukup baik, dimulai dari dukungan oleh program studi dan minat mahasiswa yang meningkat, meskipun masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaan program tersebut yang perlu di atasi. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan wawasan yang lebih dalam mengenai tantangan dan peluang dalam pelaksanaan MBKM, serta rekomendasi untuk perbaikan ke depan.
Students' Needs and Preferences for Digital EFL Learning Materials
Authors: Herman Mulyati , Regina Regina , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa
Published: September 2024

While research on digital language learning materials has received lots of attention, there was a scarcity of studies focusing on specific locations, like Sambas in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Located near the border of Indonesia and Malaysia, Sambas has a unique EFL learning environment influenced by its geographical location and diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Understanding students' needs and preferences in local contexts is crucial in designing culturally relevant teaching materials. This study aimed to assess the needs and preferences of students in Sambas and provided valuable insights into optimizing the utilization of digital teaching materials for English language learning. This study employed a survey research design to elicit information about current materials, the student's needs, perceptions, and preferences concerning digital materials in English students' needs and preferences, and technological resources. The participants of this study were first-year students of junior secondary school (20 students) in Sambas. The findings revealed that students need videos, movies, and songs with English subtitles as learning materials. Furthermore, the study might shape future research in developing and implementing digital EFL materials customized to the Sambas' cultural context, including local language, customs, and traditions, and their effectiveness in engaging students and improving English language acquisition.
Pengembangan Media Tapak Gunung Berbasis Literasi Membaca Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Marcellia Suci Eka , Meilana Septi Fitri
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan media tapak gunung pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan literasi membaca pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 3 siswa kelompok kecil dan juga 12 siswa kelompok besar kelas IV SDS Muhammadiyah 11 Jakarta. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif mengikuti langkah-langkah model ADDIE. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tapak gunung memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Hal ini ditunjukkan berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli media, bahasa, dan materi yaitu ahli media yaitu aspek tampilan media sebesar 70%, aspek penyusunan media sebesar 80% dan aspek penggunaan bahasa 80%. Hasil validasi ahli bahasa yaitu aspek lugas sebesar 92%, aspek dialogis dan interaktif sebesar 100%, dan aspek komunikatif sebesar 100%. Sedangkan validasi ahli materi yaitu aspek relevansi materi sebesar 93%, aspek isi materi 80%, dan aspek bahasa dan tulisan 80%. Sedangkan rata-rata persentase respon siswa yaitu 80% dan respon siswa pada kelompok besar terhadap media pembelajaran tapak gunung yaitu 86%. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran tapak gunung berbasis literasi memenuhi kriteria layak digunakan pada siswa sekolah dasar.
Analisis Penerapan Pembelajaran Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Saputri Bella , Syamsuyurnita Syamsuyurnita
Published: September 2024

Belajar merupakan proses di mana siswa memperoleh pengetahuan, keterampilan sikap, dan membentuk siswa untuk menjadi lebih aktif. Mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia merupakan mata pelajaran yang bertujuan untuk membentuk siswa untuk mengembangkan keamampuan berkomunikasi secara efektif dalam berbagai situasi, baik formal maupun informal. Selain itu, pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia juga bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan rasa cinta dan bangga terhadap bahasa dan budaya Indonesia. Model pembelajaran sangat diperlukan dalam proses pembelajaran. Keberhasilan dari suatu pembelajaran didorong dari adanya penggunaan strategi dan pendekatan yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan pembelajran Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi literatur atau studi kepustakaan dengan melalukan kajian pada setiap teori dari penelitian yang relevan. Peneliti menganalisis setiap penelitian yang relevan pada jurnal berindeks sinta melalui Google Scholar, dengan menganalisis sebanyak 25 penelitian terkait, sehingga peneliti dapat menarik hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keefektifan terhadap penerapan pembelajaran dengan Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) khususnya pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Efektivitas yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran TGT meliputi beberapa sintaks pembelajaran, sehingga siswa akan bersemangat dan termotivasi dalam proses pembelajaran berlangsung.
Junior High School Need For Students’ Workbook Based on Local Wisdom in Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Kurniawan Nasri , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa , Regina Regina
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the need for students' workbooks based on local wisdom in the Merdeka Curriculum for junior high school students, particularly at SMPN 3 Air Besar. The study is motivated by the importance of local wisdom in shaping students' character and identity, as well as the need for appropriate teaching materials that can support the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This study employed a survey research design to elicit information. To identify the students' needs, data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations. The interviews were conducted with students, English teachers, and villagers to gather in-depth information about the students' needs in the materials design. The study proposes various positions for EFL teachers to perform, including visionaries, cultural mediators on a local level, intercultural educators, and role model practitioners. It offers strategies for EFL teachers to include local cultural elements into their classroom instruction, such as establishing a local culturally responsive pedagogy, cultural sensitivity and awareness, and leveraging technology and information to support teaching. Incorporating local culture into EFL teaching can benefit students by raising cultural awareness, developing cultural literacy, building intercultural competence, enhancing language learning experiences, and acquiring skills in eliciting meaning. By using a workbook that takes into account the specific requirements of the students, teachers can better address their learning needs and create a more effective and engaging learning environment. It is recommended that English language teachers utilize the workbook that is based on local wisdom, as it aligns with the Indonesian National Educational System and the current Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes the relation between teaching English and the learners' closest environment for meaningful language use. Overall, the study focuses on exploring the need for a supplementary workbook that integrates local wisdom and culture into English language teaching, aiming to enhance students' language proficiency and cross-cultural communication skills.
Integrated Farm Management System for Smart Agriculture in Oman
Authors: Omar Salim Al-Hashmi  , Atheer Bashir Al-Hanai  , S. M. Emdad Hossain
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Innovation became an utmost word to deal with in this hi-tech modern world. From a kitchen to parliament, agriculture to semiconductor industry, barbershop to superstore everywhere innovation taken place. Implementation of innovative idea in the relevant area or business field became a magnificent fashion. Therefore, the purpose of this paper shall be to build a solid on this issue. visionary technology advancement for Oman agriculture sector that will also benefit and when implemented, as an innovative solution to support agriculture as an icon for global development. The suggested Farm Management System utilize IoT to gather live information. related information of the soil, temperature and humidity conditions, crop yield, and stock so as to make a better. informed decision-making. Its user-friendly interface provides foolproof recommendations that assist farmers to enhance on production and sustainability. courses it comprises a transportation management, demand forecasting, production forecasting, inventory control, and inventory purchasing. module that help in tracking of the resources and also help in organizing the farm operations. This overall approach does not only enhance productivity but it also revamps the agriculture so much that it empowers the farmers. with the capabilities that will enable them to succeed in a dynamic environment within the sector.
Effect of Agro-Waste on Bioremediation of Soil Polluted with Spent Hydrocarbon in Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: M. D. Makut , A. A. Adesoye, , I. K. Ekeleme , E. J Owuna , C. D Amos
Published: September 2024

Petroleum hydrocarbon is a major environmental pollutant throughout the world. This study was aimed at the effect of agro-wastes on bioremediation of soil polluted with spent hydrocarbon in Keffi. Hydrocarbon contaminated soils were collected from three (3) different auto mechanic workshops in Keffi, Nasarawa State Nigeria. The agro wastes used as stimulants were corncobs, fruits peels and melon shells. The hydrocarbon utilization was determined using gravimetric analysis. The hydrocarbon utilization bacteria were isolated and identified using standard microbiological method. The hydrogen ions (pH) of the contaminated soil sample were 4.5. pH of corncobs (CB) was 6.2, melon shells (MS) was 5.6 and fruits peels (FP) was 7.6. The value of total nitrogen for contaminated soil was 0.45 %, when amended with CB was 6.2%, MS was 1.26% and FP was 3.56%. Organic carbon in contaminated soil prior to study was 5.80 %, when amended with CB was 9.03%, MS was 7.55% and FP was 10.12%. The Phosphorous in contaminated soil was 8.41 mg/kg, when amended with CB was 13.40 mg/kg, MS was11.82mg/kg and FP was 15.61 mg/kg. Effect of time in reduction of hydrocarbon from contaminated soil amended with CB recorded highest after 40days (44.98 mg/kg) and the least (10.31 mg/kg) after 10days. Contaminated soil amended with CB the highest reduction was at 30 ℃ (48.92 mg/kg) and the least was at 35℃ (19.21mg/kg). From FP the highest reduction was at 30℃ (48.04 mg/kg). The highest degrading bacteria count was recorded from Keffi garage mechanic workshop (4.04 x106 cfu g/ml) and the lowest was from pyanko road mechanic workshop (1.18 x106 cfu g/ml). The highest bacteria isolated from none amended contaminated soil was Flavobacterium sp (33.3 %) and the lowest was Bacillus subtilis and Proteus sp (33.3%). From amended soil with CB the highest were Corynebacteria spp and Flavobacterium sp (100%) and the lowest were Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens, and Proteus sp (66.6%). From contaminated soil amended with MS the highest bacteria isolated were Flavobacterium sp and Corynebacteria sp (33.3%) and the lowest were Pseudomonas flourescens and Proteus sp (33.3 %). From contaminated soil amended with FP the highest bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas flourescens and Proteus sp (100%) and the lowest were Bacillus subtilis, Flavobacterium sp and Corynebacteria sp (66.6%). It is recommended that the environmental agencies in the country give consideration to agricultural waste products for bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soil in Nigeria
PERBANDINGAN CD4 HIV –TB PARU SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH ARV DAN OAT
Authors: Trivania Cesia  , Pantas Hasibuan  , Johan Christian Silaen
Published: September 2024

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a viral infectious disease that attacks the immune system or white blood cells (lymphocytes). HIV, which belongs to the Retroviridae family, is lymphatic, which can damage the specific immune system, namely T-helper lymphocytes or Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4). The CD4 count is normal when it is 500–1400 cells/mm3, which is usually the determinant of whether a patient is infected with HIV or not.
Objective: This study aims to assess the comparison of CD4 counts in HIV-TB patients before and after ARV and OAT treatment at Dr. Pirngadi Medan City.
Methods: Observational analysis research with a cross-sectional design was conducted at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan City in September 2022. The sample for this study was 20 patient records from the medical records of RSUD Dr. Pirngadi, Medan City. The data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test.
Results: The results of the study showed that the most HIV-TB pulmonary  patients at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan City were aged 36-45 years (50.0%). The majority of male patients (90.0%) and the domicile of most patients in Medan City are in the Medan Tembung sub-district (15.0%). The results of the unpaired t-test obtained a p-value of 0.022, meaning that there was a significant difference between the CD4 count before and after ARV and OAT treatment in HIV-TB patients at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan City.
Conclusion: There were significant differences in CD4 counts before and after ARV and OAT treatment in HIV patients with pulmonary TB co-infection at Dr. Pirngadi, Medan City.
 
Keywords: HIV, HIV-TB pulmonary, CD4
HUBUNGAN PERSONAL HYGIENE DENGAN PEDIKULOSIS KAPITIS PADA ANAK ASRAMA PUTRI SANTA LUSIA
Authors: Kriskayanti Habeahan  , Novreka Pratiwi Sipayung  , Rini Amanda C. Saragih  , Poltak Poida B. Gurning
Published: September 2024

Background: Pediculosis capitis is an infection of the skin and scalp hair caused by infestation of Pediculus humanus var capitis. This pediculus is ectoparasite that lives in the human head bye sucking the blood to survive. Personal hygiene is the risk factor for the pediculosis capitis.
 
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of personal hygiene level with capitic pediculosis incidence of the female dormitory children of Santa Lucia Sei Rotan, district Percut Sei Tuan.
 
Methods: The design used in this study was an observational analytic capproach cross sectional. The subject on this study were all of the children who were registered in the Santa Lucia dormitory, Sei Rotan, disctrict Sei Tuan. The technique used in this study are purposive sampling and Chi-square test data analysis. Collecting data through filling out questionnaires and direct examination of respondents.
 
Results: The results of this study showed that 36 children (58.1%) suffered from pediculosis capitis, and children with good personal hygiene as many as 6 people (27.3%) suffered from pediculosis capitis, while in children with poor personal hygiene as many as 30 people (75%) suffers from pediculosis capitis. Chi-square test results found p = 0.000 value.
 
Conclusion: There is a relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of the Pedicolosis in the female dormitory children of Santa Lucia Sei Rotan, district Percut Sei Tuan.
 
Keywords: Personal hygiene, Pediculosis capitis
Ice crystal images from optical array probes. Compatibility of morphology specific size distributions, retrieved with specific and global Convolutional Neural Networks for HVPS, PIP, CIP, and 2DS
Authors: Jaffeux Louis , Breiner Jan , Coutris Pierre , Schwarzenböck Alfons
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The convolutional network methodology is applied to train classification tools for hydrometeor images from optical array probes. Two models were developed in a previous article for the PIP and 2DS and are further tested. Three additional models are presented: for the CIP, HVPS, and a global model trained on a data set that includes all available data from all four instruments. A methodology to retrieve morphology-specific size distributions from the OAP data is provided. Size distributions for each morphological class, obtained with the specific or global classification models, are compared for the ICE GENESIS data set, where all four probes were used simultaneously. The reliability and coherence of these newly obtained machine learning classification tools are demonstrated clearly. The analysis shows significant advantages of using the global model over the specific ones, in terms of compatibility of the size distributions. The obtained morphology-specific size distributions effectively reduce OAP data to a level of detail pertinent to systematically identify microphysical processes. This study emphasizes the potential to improve insights in ice and mixed-phase microphysics based on hydrometeor morphological classification from machine learning algorithms.
Evidence suggesting frazil ice crystal formation at the front of Hisinger Glacier in Dickson Fjord, Northeast Greenland
Authors: Rooijakkers Fleur Juliëtte , Poulsen Ebbe , Ruiz-Castillo Eugenio , Rysgaard Søren
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Glacier retreat and mass loss in Northeast Greenland have profound implications for global sea-level rise, making it crucial to understand the complex dynamics of glacier-ocean interactions. Currently, our knowledge of Northeast Greenland glacial fjords is limited, and the processes occurring directly in front of these glaciers, particularly the fate of subglacial meltwater, remain insufficiently understood. In this study, conducted in Dickson Fjord, Northeast Greenland in August 2022, hydrographic and stable isotope measurements at various depths and fjord locations have been carried out, starting from the glacier terminus. Employing a drone-deployed ocean profiler, we obtained salinity and temperature profiles as close as 20 m from the glacier terminus. Interestingly, the terminus is primarily in contact with a cold Polar Water layer, leading to unique freshwater dynamics. Our findings provide compelling evidence that subglacial meltwater undergoes freezing upon encountering the cold, saline fjord waters at the terminus. The buoyant ice crystals (frazil) formed during this refreezing process ascend to the surface, where they encounter positive ocean temperatures, causing the ice crystals to melt. Consequently, we observe a depletion in the δ18O and δ2H isotopic signals around the ice melting line for freshwater (0 °C), separated from the depletion caused by surface runoff. Additionally, an increase in ocean temperatures is found near the glacier, which can be attributed to the latent heat released during the ice crystal formation described.
Quasi-weekly oscillation of regional PM2.5 transport over China driven by the synoptic-scale disturbance of East Asian Winter Monsoon circulation
Authors: Bai Yongqing , Zhao Tianliang , Meng Kai , Zhou Yue , Xiong Jie , Sun Xiaoyun , Shen Lijuan , Yue Yanyu , Zhu Yan , Hu Weiyang , Yao Jingyan
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The regional PM2.5 transport is one of the important causes for atmospheric environment change. However, the variations of regional PM2.5 transport in synoptic scale with meteorological drivers have been incomprehensively understood. Therefore, this study is targeted at the quasi-weekly oscillation (QWO) of regional PM2.5 transport over central and eastern China (CEC) with the influence of synoptic-scale disturbance of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) circulation. By constructing the data of daily PM2.5 transport flux in CEC in the winters of 2015–2019, we utilize the extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF) decomposition and other statistical methods to extract the moving spatial distribution of regional PM2.5 transport over CEC, recognizing the QWO in regional PM2.5 transport with the spatial-temporal variations over CEC. The source-acceptor relationship in regional transport of PM2.5 is identified with the 2-d lag effect of the North China Plain, as the upwind source region, on the PM2.5 pollution change in the Twain-Hu Basin, as the downwind receptor region in central China. The QWO of regional PM2.5 transport over CEC is regulated by the synoptic-scale disturbance of the EAWM circulation with the periodic activities of Siberian high. These findings could provide new insight into the understanding of regional PM2.5 transport with source-receptor relationship and the meteorological mechanism in atmospheric environment change.
The role of catchment characteristics, discharge, and active layer thaw on seasonal stream chemistry across ten permafrost catchments
Authors: Grewal Arsh , Nicholls Erin M. , Carey Sean K.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. High latitude catchments are rapidly warming, leading to altered precipitation regimes, widespread permafrost degradation and observed shifts in stream chemistry for major arctic rivers. At headwater scales, stream discharge and chemistry are seasonally variable, and the relative influence of catchment characteristics, climate and active layer thaw on this seasonality has been poorly addressed. To provide new insight into mechanisms driving changes in streamflow chemistry within permafrost watersheds, we measured discharge and sampled major ion and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations across ten permafrost catchments in Yukon Territory, Canada. We incorporated concentration-discharge relationships within generalized additive models to resolve the distinct influence of discharge and seasonal active layer thaw on stream chemistry and identify the role of watershed characteristics on the magnitude and seasonality of solute concentrations. After accounting for seasonal variations in discharge, results indicate both major ions and DOC were highly seasonal across all catchments, with DOC declining and major ion concentration increasing post freshet. Seasonal variability in major ion concentrations were primarily driven by active layer thaw, whereas DOC seasonality was strongly controlled by flushing of soil organic carbon during freshet. While major ion concentrations were geologically mediated, greater permafrost extent led to enhanced seasonality in major ion concentrations. Catchments with strong topographical gradients and thinner organic soils had higher specific discharge, lower DOC concentrations but greater relative seasonality. Our results highlight the important role catchment characteristics play on shaping both the seasonal variations and magnitude of solute concentrations in permafrost underlain watersheds.
Brief Communication: Mimicking periglacial landforms and processes in an ice-rich layered permafrost system with polydispersed melamine materials: a new concept
Authors: Léger Emmanuel , Costard François , Lambert Rémi , Saintenoy Albane , Séjourné Antoine , Leblanc Maxime
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This paper presents results on testing polydisperse melamine material versus sand for laboratory ice-rich layered soil system under thawing conditions. We demonstrate the potential of using polydisperse melamine particles in the aim of mimicking the permafrost geomorphological degradations and landslide found in periglacial field environments. We stress that this type of particles, designed for flow and sedimentary processes in river due to their light particle density and the granulometric size they span, are as well adequate for modeling more realistic geomorphological thawing features observed in cryosphere environments such as slump blocks.
Lithologically constrained velocity–density relationships and vertical stress gradients in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, SE Germany
Authors: Obermeier Peter , Duschl Florian , Drews Michael C.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. We systematically analysed density and velocity data from 41 boreholes to establish velocity-density relationships for the main lithological units in the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany. We applied these relationships to velocity data and spliced the resulting density values with actual density data and a shallow density model to retrieve complete density profiles along 55 deep wellbores, which at least penetrated the Cenozoic section in the study area. We integrated density profiles to vertical stress to investigate the spatial distribution of vertical stress gradients. Thereby, we observed an eastward decrease of vertical stress gradients, which correlates well with the geological configuration of the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany. Thereby, vertical stress gradient profiles can be reasonably estimated as a function of true vertical depth below ground level TVD in the western, central, and eastern parts of the study area using a power law relationship: West: 21 MPa/km + (TVD/325)1/1.80, R² = 0.98 Central: 21 MPa/km + (TVD/410)1/1.93, R² = 0.99 East: 21 MPa/km + (TVD/531)1/1.95, R² = 1.00  In addition, we also investigated the distribution of vertical stress gradients at the top of Upper Jurassic carbonates, an important aquifer for deep geothermal energy production. Our study, therefore, provides a valuable resource for future geophysical, geomechanical, and geological studies in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, both in a fundamental and applied research context.
Robustness of atmospheric trace gas retrievals obtained from low spectral resolution Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra
Authors: Langerock Bavo , De Mazière Martine , Desmet Filip , Heikkinen Pauli , Kivi Rigel , Kumar Sha Mahesh , Vigouroux Corinne , Zhou Minqiang , Khrisna Darbha Gopala , Talib Mohmmed
Published: September 2024

Abstract. For atmospheric trace gas columns retrievals obtained from ground based Fourier-transform interferometer spectra we study the sensitivity of the retrieval processing chain to changes in the number of points in the recorded interferograms. Shortening an interferogram will alter the leakage pattern in the associated spectrum and we demonstrate that the removal of a relatively small number of points from the interferogram edges creates a beat pattern in the difference of the associated spectra obtained from the original and shortened interferogram. For low-resolution interferometers the beat pattern in the spectra may exceed the noise level and the effect on atmospheric gas column retrievals may be large. Sensitivity of the retrieval algorithm to the length of the underlying interferogram can be reduced by applying a non-trivial apodization such as Norton-Beer. A case study shows the effect on formaldehyde retrievals obtained from low-resolution spectra in Sodankylä and Kolkata.
Exploring microwave penetration into snow on Antarctic summer sea ice along CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 (CRYO2ICE) orbit from multi-frequency air- and spaceborne altimetry
Authors: Fredensborg Hansen Renée M. , Skourup Henriette , Rinne Eero , Jutila Arttu , Lawrence Isobel R. , Shepherd Andrew , Høyland Knut V. , Li Jilu , Rodriguez-Morales Fernando , Simonsen Sebastian B. , Wilkinson Jeremy , Veyssiere Gaelle , Yi Donghui , Forsberg René , Casal Taniâ G. D.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The recent alignment of CryoSat-2 to maximise orbital coincidence with the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica in July 2022, known as the CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 (CRYO2ICE), provided an opportunity to ground truth these satellites over the same land and sea ice. This was achieved through a simultaneous airborne campaign which under-flew the near-coincident CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 orbits in December 2022 and carried, amongst other instrumentation, Ka-, Ku-, C/S-band radars and a scanning near-infrared lidar. This campaign resulted in the first multi-frequency radar evaluation of snow penetration over sea ice along near-coincident orbits. The airborne observations (at footprints of 5 m) revealed limited penetration of the snow pack at both Ka- and Ku-band, with the primary scattering occurring either at the air-snow interface or inside the snowpack for both frequencies. On average, the Ka- and Ku-band scattering interface was 0.2 to 0.3 m above that for C/S-band's primary scatter, where the average snow depth using C/S-band reached around 0.5 ± 0.05 m depending on re-trackers and combinations used. Interestingly, when the primary peak in the received signal occurs within the snowpack or at the air-snow interface, some scatter contributions are still present from the sea-ice interface at Ku-band. This suggests a potential for snow depth to be derived from Ku-band signals alone by co-identifying these respective peaks in the waveform. Furthermore, it contradicts the assumption of a single scattering interface primarily contributing to the backscatter at Ku-band on airborne scales. The CRYO2ICE snow depths achieved along the orbit were on average 0.34 m, which are within 0.01 m from passive-microwave-derived observations and 0.12 m from model-based estimates. Comparison with airborne snow depths at 25-km segments showed correlations of 0.51–0.53, a bias of 0.03 m and root-mean-square-deviation of 0.08 m when using the airborne lidar scanner as air–snow interface and C/S-band at maximum amplitude at snow–ice interface. To understand how comparisons across ground, air and space shall be conducted, especially in preparation for the upcoming dual-frequency radar altimeter mission Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter (CRISTAL), it is critical that we investigate the impact of different scattering mechanisms at varying frequencies, for diverging viewing geometries considering dissimilar spatial and range resolutions.
Carbon-containing pyrite spherules: mineral biosignatures in black smokers?
Authors: Truong Chloé , Bernard Sylvain , Baudin François , Gorlas Aurore , Guyot François
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Sulfide- and sulfate-rich hydrothermal vents are involved in Earth's major geochemical cycles. An outstanding scientific question consists of finding out whether certain minerals found in hydrothermal chimneys are influenced more or less directly by microorganisms living at high temperatures (thermophiles or hyperthermophiles) in these environments. Here we report the morphological, textural and chemical characterization of pyrite crystals collected across a section of a chimney from the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse hydrothermal site, sampled from the inner, hotter portion to the external, cooler portion, providing a promising approach to the search for hyperthermophilic biosignatures. The internal and middle portions of the chimney mainly harbour cube-shaped pyrite containing low quantities of hydrocarbons and thermally matured organic compounds. In contrast, the samples from the external portion contain pyrite spherules composed of a mosaic of slightly disoriented domains that include large amounts of organic material chemically consistent with thermally matured biogenic organic compounds. These characteristics make them comparable but not identical to pyrite spherules produced in the laboratory in the presence of hyperthermophilic archaea of the order Thermococcales. Differences include larger crystalline domains and more thermally matured organic compounds. Such features could be consistent with the thermal transformation of pyrite spherules produced by (or at least in the presence of) living cells. However, it remains impossible to completely rule out an abiotic origin without further isotopic investigation and experimental studies on the abiotic production of pyrite spherules in the presence of organic compounds and under hydrothermal conditions.
Sunburned plankton: Ultraviolet radiation inhibition of phytoplankton photosynthesis in the Community Earth System Model version 2
Authors: Coupe Joshua , Lovenduski Nicole S. , Gleason Luise S. , Levy Michael N. , Krumhardt Kristen , Lindsay Keith , Bardeen Charles , Tabor Clay , Harrison Cheryl , MacLeod Kenneth G. , Mitra Siddhartha , Sepúlveda Julio
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage DNA and kill cells. We use laboratory and observational studies of the harmful effect of UV radiation on marine photosynthesizers to inform the implementation of a UV radiation damage function for phytoplankton photosynthesis in a modified version of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2-UVphyto). CESM2-UVphyto is capable of simulating UV inhibition of photosynthesis among modelled phytoplankton and ocean column 5 penetration of UV-A and UV-B radiation. We conduct a series of simulations with CESM2-UVphyto using the Marine Biogeochemistry Library (MARBL) ecosystem model to calibrate estimates of the sensitivity of phytoplankton productivity to UV radiation. Results indicate that increased UV radiation shifts the vertical distribution of phytoplankton biomass and productivity deeper into the column, causes a moderate decline in total global productivity, and changes phytoplankton community structure to favor diatoms. Our new CESM2-UVphyto model configuration can be used to quantify the potential ocean biogeochemical 10 and ecosystem impacts resulting from events that disturb the stratospheric ozone layer, such as an asteroid impact, a volcanic eruption, a nuclear war, and stratospheric aerosol injection-based geoengineering.
Métodos não farmacológicos para o alívio da dor no recém-nascido: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Bezerra Maria Augusta Rocha , Brito Mychelangela de Assis , Fernandes Lorena Stephany Lopes , Lopes Tatiane Pereira , Carneiro Cristianne Teixeira , Rocha Ruth Cardoso , Carvalho Igho Leonardo do Nascimento , Moura Mayara Águida Porfírio
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: sintetizar conhecimentos sobre o uso de métodos não farmacológicos para o alívio da dor no recém-nascido. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados em Enfermagem e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud, via Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, MEDLINE (Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde), via PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados: 56 artigos foram incluídos, sendo que a maioria foi desenvolvida na Turquia entre os anos de 1995 e 2022. Foram evidenciados 20 métodos não farmacológicos empregados para o manejo da dor de recém-nascidos submetidos a procedimentos dolorosos, os quais foram aplicados isoladamente ou associados, destacando-se quanto ao efeito ou à eficácia, as soluções adocicadas e a amamentação. Conclusão: a maioria dos métodos identificados apresentou capacidade de reduzir a dor e o choro do recém-nascido durante e após procedimentos dolorosos.
Comparing the Homelessness Plan Experiences of Small Canadian Cities: Emerging Insights for Policy and Practice
Authors: Coleman Katie , Laing Stephanie , Graham John R. , Belanger Yale , Laramée Hélène B. , Maurer Katherine , Donnan Mary Ellen
Published: September 2024

This paper presents analytical learnings of a community-engaged study in three small to medium-ranged cities in Canada at diverse points in time relative to multi-year plans to end homelessness. Through semi-structured interviews with service providers, this comparative case study provides insight into the experiences of agencies in the homeless-serving sector when adapting and integrating plans to end homelessness in their work. It proposes de-siloing service sectors as an important contribution to systems change theory and organizational change theory in homelessness prevention work, as homelessness-serving agencies in smaller Canadian cities adapt to, and implement, homelessness plans and policies. Findings suggest that jurisdictional issues, unstable and inflexible resources, and communication and data issues impact service providers’ attitudes toward organizational change and their willingness and capacity to adhere to homelessness plans in their communities. While multi-site studies involve economic and political differences across cities, these do not preclude cross-pollination of innovations. Such research offers the potential for cross-site scaling up, and a comparative approach helps systems move beyond biases in policy development and implementation.
Extracting Semantic Frames from Specialized Corpora for Lexicographic Purposes
Authors: Sánchez Cárdenas Beatriz
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on Frame-based Terminology (FBT), a theoretical framework based on cognitive premises that underpin the representation of specialized objects and events. It demonstrates that specialized semantic frames can be inferred from lexical schemas and semantic annotation. This research used corpus techniques to collect data for the representation of multilingual semantic frames. The research focuses on deforestation within the domain of Environmental Science. The methodology involves the encapsulation of corpus queries and semantic annotation to guide the creation of specialized frames associated with the deforestation event. Although the creation of frame-based terminological resources can be time-consuming, our results show that it is facilitated by the use, of e-tools that extract the arguments of specialized predicates, which are often immersed in complex syntactic constructions.