bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphology and quality of beef with regard to a biostimulator used in the diet of animals
Authors: Guber N B , Morozova N I , Eliseenkova M V , Mukhamedyarova L G , Sereda T I , Tamaev S A
Published: December 2020

The agricultural food industry is currently facing significant challenges. The development of the food industry, biotechnology, chemistry and related sciences has brought a huge number of new substances that can have a negative effect on humans, the level of environmental pollution has increased, which necessitates stricter requirements for food safety. The relevance of the problems of producing organic food, which has recently gone far beyond the boundaries of purely scientific interests, has made them the subject of discussion for various sectors of society. The demand for safe, environmentally friendly and biologically clean, and high-quality food is growing. At the same time, the production of agricultural and food products should be cost-effective. Today, bio-food markets have already formed in the world: these are plant growing products (fruits, vegetables), animal husbandry (dairy products), baby food, and grain. The growth of the cultural level of the population will increase the demand for beef and its processed products. In this regard, the study and search for safe natural components that affect the yield of meat and are able to efficiently convert the energy of food into organic protein are critical. The paper presents the results of studies of beef meat grown using the technology of intensive cultivation using a biostimulator of natural origin. A positive effect of humic natural substances on carcass morphology and beef quality has been proven. An additional reserve to provide an increase in consumer value and production of safe meat raw materials using a natural peat preparation is shown.
Assessment of the impact of the inbreeding level on productive traits and length of the productive life of cows
Authors: Harlap S Yu , Gorelik A S , Fedoseeva N A , Shepinev D A , Kvarditsky E V , Sen’ M N
Published: December 2020

Dairy cattle breeding employs both heterogeneous and homogeneous selection. The impact of the inbreeding level on productive traits and length of the productive life of cows is assessed. It is found that despite an insignificant increase in milk yield of inbred animals (by 93–378 kg, depending on the inbreeding level, and on average by 73 kg per the inbred animals group), their milk quality, namely mass content of fat and protein, is found to decrease, and the live weight is revealed to significantly increase (P⩽0.05). Herd cows are superior in terms of the requirements of the standard for black-motley breed by 2500–2947 kg in groups (on average by 2624 kg) in milk yield and by 0.31% in the fat content in milk. For the Holstein breed, these results are insignificantly lower and amount to 1500–1924 kg (an average of 1624 kg) for milk yield. Inbred cows with moderate levels of inbreeding and outbred animals yielded the greatest amount of milk and nutrients due to an increased length of productive life. With age, milk production of cows virtually does not change and remains at a sufficiently high level. Closely related crossbreeding and an increased pedigree index in the Holstein breed increase the milk yield and the length of productive life by 0.2–0.4 lactation. Inbred cows with a moderate degree of inbreeding remain superior to outbred cows in life-long productivity.
Technological properties of cow’s milk depending on the season of the year
Authors: Harlap S Yu , Gorelik A S , Kvarditsky E V , Vinogradova N D , Batalov A S , Tamaev S A
Published: December 2020

Provision of the population with a sufficient amount of domestically produced food, including milk and dairy products, is directly related to advances in breeding of dairy cattle as the main supplier of raw materials for dairy processing enterprises. Along with increased requirements for the quality of milk – raw material in production of dairy products – the focus is placed on its technological properties, namely the possibility of its effective use for processing into certain products: fermented milk, cheese, butter, etc. It is known that milk is affected by many factors, including the season of the year, which impacts not only supply of raw materials to the dairy industry but also its quality. The study aimed to investigate the impact of the season of the year on raw milk intended for processing into various dairy products. The study revealed that sensory properties of milk met the requirements of the regulatory documents. The milk color changed depending on the season of the year. A more intense yellowish hue could be observed in summer and autumn milk, which is related to the carotene content in feed. The highest content of dry solids, milk solids-not-fat, fat and protein in milk was found in winter, while in summer these indicators were lowest. In spring, mechanical contamination of milk increased up to group 2. In general, the bulk of the milk was of the highest grade. The study of rennet coagulation of milk showed the superiority of milk produced in spring, as evidenced by a phase of coagulation of milk, which was shorter by 0’05“–2’35” (P <0.001). A clot formed faster in the presence of rennet in summer milk. Thermal stability of milk was high throughout the year.
Morphofunctional changes in the kidneys of mice with the use of adaptogens against the background of physical exertion
Authors: Khabibullin R M , Mironova I V , Derkho M A , Strizhikov V K , Strizhikova S V , Kouassi Joel
Published: December 2020

When performing maximum physical activity, the main role for maintaining motor activity and homeostasis of the animal body is given to the kidneys. In this regard, the purpose of our research is to study morphological changes in the body of laboratory animals during physical exertion and the use of biologically active substances. One of the first to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the histological changes in experimental animals when given adaptogens (tincture of moral root, pantocrine and a combination of the same drugs with oats) against the background of maximum loads. The dosage of adaptogens was calculated according to the method proposed by Clark, based on the live weight of the animals. Which was 2 μl at the beginning of the experiment, subsequently the dosage was increased to 6 μl for all experimental groups. The first group was given distilled water, and the experimental group received leuzea tincture and oatsol. Ovesol was poured in a dose of 4 μl from 22 to 26 days. The total duration of the experiment was 28 days. It was also found that the use of tincture of moral root (safflower leuzea) and pantocrine prior to physical exertion makes it possible to correct histological changes.
Metabolic processes of sheep body in treatment of oestrosis with Iversan
Authors: Kits E A , Lopteva M S , Barybina L I , Semenova Yu O , Lukashik E E
Published: December 2020

The article describes the metabolic processes occurring in the body of sheep during the treatment of oestrosis with Iversan. The final data, in comparison with the initial results, reliably, within the reference ranges, demonstrate a pronounced response of the body, manifested in an increase in the activity of the enzyme alanine aminotransferase by 15.5%, urea by 16.7%, glucose by 9.5%, albumin by 13.6%. A significant decrease in the number of leukocytes by 12.8% was established. There is an insignificant decrease in ESR by 2.6%; the number of erythrocytes increases insignificantly by 3.6% and the level of hemoglobin by 3.8%.
Increasing the role of the NovSU zoological museum in environmental education of the population
Authors: Konovalova M A , Denisenkova T V
Published: December 2020

Zoological Museum of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Novgorod State University is a structure of high potential for development due to a rich collection of representatives of the animal world of Novgorod region, and traditions of participation in research on an all-Russian scale. This potential is not fully realized due to both changes in departmental affiliation and difficulties associated with replenishing the collections performed by conventional methods. The paper proposes a development concept based on modern concepts of museum destination in terms of participation culture. Formation of an advanced mobile and polyphonic exhibition space will promote its attractiveness and increase the information content of the museum. Digital technologies, including augmented and virtual reality technologies, will be used to replenish collections. A live collection of fish from local waters will enhance the research and social capabilities of the museum as a place for communication of like-minded people. Information support in the media, in social networks and on the museum website is a reserve for attracting and highlighting active users. However, the main approach implies competent methodological and active promotion of the complex of educational services in accordance with the consumer requirements. Scaling the project activities of university students allows its use as a source for concept implementation.
Assessment of the cavitation effect on colour attributes of chilled pork with different autolysis during brining
Authors: Krasulya O N , Smirnova A V , Kazakova E V , Bogush V I
Published: December 2020

The study assesses the effect of low-frequency ultrasonic pre-treatment of slightly saturated 3% brine on colour attributes of chilled pork after 24 h salting. The results obtained are used to formulate recommendations to stabilise surface and intramuscular colouration in normally autolysed, PSE- and DFD-defective pork by cavitational disintegration of liquid sodium chloride-based salting media. Cavitational pre-activation of 3% brine using a submersible low-frequency sonication technique is recommended as a method to optimise colour attributes in normally autolysed pork and meat with inner and surface DFD defects. Prior cavitational activation of 3% brine was shown undesirable with PSE meat due to a reduced steadiness of the component a* (degree of redness) in the CIELab colour system.
Assessment of the quality of spring waters in Novgorod region and the risk of its use
Authors: Kuzmina I A , Letenkova I V
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the quality of spring water in Novgorod region. There is a difference in water quality by district, in some areas there is a discrepancy with sanitary and hygienic indicators in terms of color, hardness, permanganate oxidizability and manganese content.
Study of the microstructure and properties of exopolysaccharide (producer of Rhizobium leguminosarum)
Authors: Kuznetsova E A , Kuznetsova E A , Voitsekhivska O V , Butylyov A V , Shpakov A V
Published: December 2020

As a result of cultivation by the deep periodic method, the bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum obtained a polysaccharide. The study of its microstructure and properties showed the presence of fibrillar micro-formations and the presence of photochemically active components. Determination of viscosity suggests that the exopolysaccharide has a highly branched structure. Studies have shown that polysaccharide has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The study of the effect of polysaccharide on the quantity and quality of gluten of wheat flour showed that its introduction during kneading helps to strengthen gluten and improve its quality. The resulting exopolysaccharide can be used in baking technology.
Development of scientifically-based recipe and technology for the production of natural honey-based muesli bar
Authors: Laricheva K , Mikhailova O
Published: December 2020

The dynamic pace of life of a modern consumer necessitates nutritious, healthy and portable snacks. Based on the analysis of the component composition of muesli bars on the market, the authors propose the development of a science-based recipe of a muesli bar, in which natural honey is used as the determining structure and binder component. The developed food product is an alternative healthy snack, in the recipe of which there are no white sugar, “harmful” fats, synthetic additives. As part of the study, the optimal formulation was calculated and the technology for the production of a new product was developed; normative and technical documentation was developed; nutritional, energy value, warranty periods of storage of the product were calculated. The results of the study indicate that the developed product in terms of quality and safety meets the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and can be recommended as dietary and sports nutrition.
The experience in implementing the food safety management system at a meat processing enterprise
Authors: Laricheva K , Petrov D
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the situation in the development and implementation of HACCP in the Russian food industry. The authors present the results of the analysis of various principles and ways to improve the efficiency of food production. Our own experience in implementing the food safety management system at Russian enterprises allows the authors to draw a conclusion about the key factors that are the reasons for the “disappointment” and lack of the expected effect of the company’s development when implementing the management system.
Assessment of quality of spring waters of Valdai District of Novgorod Region by chemical indices
Authors: Letenkova I V , Kuzmina I A
Published: December 2020

The article presents data on the chemical composition of water from springs of Valdai District of Novgorod Oblast. In twelve, the most known and frequently visited, sources concentrations of main ions, values of indices characterizing the pollution of springs with organic substances and mineral forms of nitrogen, as well as the content of ions of heavy metals were determined. Water from nine examined sources corresponds to sanitary and hygienic standards.
Decision-making information support methodology for protective measures implementation in the AIC
Authors: Lubentsova E V , Masyutina G V , Lubentsov V F , Permyakov A V , Kozlova M S
Published: December 2020

The article describes the methodology of decision-making information support for protective measures implementation in the agro-industrial complex (AIC). The aim is to determine the rational area of treated land plots for protective measures implementation as components of cultivated crop area-based industrial technology. The methodology is based on the method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) constructing and analyzing of multicriteria decision-making task solving in the selection of a rational land plot area for protection treatment. The following selection criteria are used: land plots route survey results giving the information about crops diseases throughout the area under study; affected plant damage degree; diseases harmfulness; environmental conditions (air temperature, precipitation (humidity)); probable losses. A hierarchical estimation of the used criteria importance is obtained, and an information model is formed. The model made it possible to establish a rational land plot option recommended for treatment. The novelty of the proposed methodology for solving the task is the following: the rationale for information technology (IT) application for a new class of tasks dealt with by the AIC and the technology practical focus on environmental friendliness ensuring and resources saving; on the basis of the methodology, the scientifically-based method, that does not require the involvement of a large number of experts, is used; the software implementation of the methodology on a PC does not impose special requirements for computing resources.
Enrichment of milk ice cream with bee products
Authors: Mironova I V , Galieva Z A , Konovalov S A , Bychkova T S , Baydan D V , Rozhkov K A
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the development of enriched diet ice cream technology for a wide range of consumers. The analysis of numerous literature on functional enrichment components determined the relevance of the use of products of biological origin. In this regard, organoleptic and physico-chemical studies of milk ice cream were obtained using the technology, which provides for the inclusion in the formulation of beekeeping products - bee pollen - pollen and water propolis extract. The choice of these components is explained by the high content of amino acids, vitamins, minerals, enzymes and other biologically active substances. The mass fraction of fat and sucrose solids in the product was controlled by traditional methods according to GOST, and organoleptic evaluation was carried out by consistency, structure and taste. The paper gives the rationale for the use of additives, and also determines the optimal dose for making milk ice cream. It was found that the introduction of propolis is recommended in an amount of 0.6%, bee pollen in an amount of 1.0%. These dosages did not impair organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, but at the same time allowed enriching the product with biologically valuable components. In the future, it is planned to expand research on the use of food additives in dairy products for the functional enrichment of their composition.
Morphological changes in the muscle tissue of mice with the use of adaptogens
Authors: Mironova I V , Khabibullin R M , Derkho M A , Kontsevaya S Yu , Strizhikova S V , Ovchinnikova E K
Published: December 2020

Due to the fact that it is important for athletes to restore the physiological functions of the body after physical exertion, it is necessary to develop corrective measures. One of such methods can be the use of adaptogen preparations of various origins. In this regard, the goal of our research was to study morphological changes in the body of laboratory animals during physical exertion and the use of biologically active substances. For this, the object of the study was mice, the subject of the study was an adaptogen of plant origin - tincture of safflower leuzea, and of animal origin - tincture of pantocrine. Distilled water was used in the control group of animals. Research data carried out for 28 days indicate that in the body of mice, over the limit loads lead to a violation of morphogenesis in a number of internal organs. It has also been established that the use of tincture of leuzea safflower and pantocrine before physical exertion allows you to correct and stabilize the physiological functions of the body of animals, and in particular, the physiology and morphogenesis of the skeletal muscles of animals. The best effect was manifested from the use of an adaptogen of plant origin.
Soft cheese with flax seeds
Authors: Mironova I V , Nigmatyanov A A , Varivoda A A , Temerbaeva M V , Topuria G M , Ginzburg N A
Published: December 2020

Currently, enrichment of dairy products with products of plant origin is becoming increasingly relevant. This technique allows us to improve the composition and ensure the functionality of the products. In this regard, we explored the use of flax in soft cheeses. For this, flax was used in the form of flour and seeds. The expediency of cheese enrichment with flax seeds has been established, since during grinding, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids that imparts product functionality is reduced. At the next stage, the rationale for the use of flaxseeds was carried out, the method of processing them in the application phase, the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the finished product were determined, the technology of soft cheese with flax seeds was developed. The innovative component of the new product was the use of bifidobacteria in the yeast, which give probiotic properties to soft cheese. Technological features of the production allowed to reduce the consumption of raw materials, increase product yield and reduce production time. In addition, the calculation of economic indicators shows the profitability of the production of this product. In the future, it is planned to expand the range of soft functional cheeses without ripening using fenugreek.
Changes in the microstructure, polypeptide composition and antioxidant activity of wheat grains after fermentation
Authors: Nasrullaeva G , Kuznetsova E A , Voitsekhivskyi V I , Nazarenko E B , Grigoryants I A
Published: December 2020

Fermentation of wheat grain was carried out for 12 hours at pH 4.5 and a temperature of 50 °C using a complex phytase-based enzyme preparation. The fermentation process has affected the change in the microstructure of the surface and structure of the shells, the aleuron layer and the endosperm of wheat grain. As a result of wetting and soaking of grain in water and a solution of a complex enzyme preparation based on phytase, changes in the polypeptide composition of the protein occurred. The process of fermentation of wheat grain contributed to the growth of antioxidant activity and the number of flavonols compared to native dry grain.
Economic and environmental benefits of protection winter wheat with the use of biological preparations
Authors: Naumova N I , Morozov D O
Published: December 2020

In the work we presented, based on field production experiments conducted in the Belgorod region, an economic assessment of various winter wheat protection systems is given. In particular, crop protection systems with treatment only with chemical preparations (chemical) and with the integrated use of biological and chemical preparations (integrated) were studied. The most important economic indicators have been calculated, allowing to determine the most profitable, from the point of view of financial costs, systems. As a result, we found that the highest profit was obtained with using the integrated winter wheat protection system - 4446.7 rubles / ha, the profitability of these treatments was 95%. It was also found that the introduction of an integrated system is the most preferable from the point of view of protecting the environment from pollution. When applied on crops, the pesticide load on the soil is reduced, since the amount of applied chemicals is more than halved in comparison with the chemical protection system.
The composition and properties of young cattle nutrition enriched with the additive “Tanrem”
Authors: Nigmatyanov A A , Nafikova E Z , Fedoseeva N A , Rybchenko T V , Kontsevaya S Yu , Pogodaev V A
Published: December 2020

Feeding that provides animals with good health, high productivity and good product quality at the lowest feed cost is considered complete. For this goal, it is necessary to balance the diet of animals for all nutrients, because even the work of breeders does not guarantee high productivity from animals without a complete diet. The lack of energy in the diet affects all vital functions of the animal’s body, which caused the need to enrich the diet with energy-carbohydrate feed. This fact determined the relevance of our work. With the help of a computer program, it became possible in a short time to analyze the diet with the inclusion of the studied additive in three different dosages, to assess its structure, nutritional value and to carry out a zoo analysis. The ration was made up for stall and pasture keeping of young cattle of LLC “Agro-Alliance”, divided into 15 animals in a group. The main fodder was procured in the same farm. The calculation showed that in the experimental groups the ration was as close as possible to the standard values, which indicates the prospects of using the studied type of feed in feeding young animals.
The study of antibacterial, fungicidal and cytotoxic properties of antagonist microorganisms
Authors: Noskova S U , Moroz N E , Sukhikh S A , Zimina M I , Prosekov A Yu , Voblikova T V
Published: December 2020

Microorganisms isolated from natural sources that have antagonistic properties are the objects of the research in this paper. The main objective of the study was to screen and characterize the antagonistic properties of microorganisms isolated from natural sources in connection with the creation of new pharmaceutical substances. Methods of cultivating strains of microorganisms, chromatographic methods, spectrometric, electrophoretic methods of analysis, and methods of cryopreservation of accumulative cultures were applied. In the course of the experiment, nutrient media for cultivating strains of antagonist microorganisms were optimized, and the physiological and biochemical properties of lactic acid bacteria and other antagonist microorganisms were studied. It is proved that lactic acid bacteria and other antagonist microorganisms show antimicrobial properties on a solid medium. The antibiotic resistance of lactic acid bacteria and other antagonist microorganisms was studied, the biocompatibility of lactic acid bacteria and other antagonist microorganisms was proved. During the investigation, the antibacterial properties of the isolated peptide fractions were determined, the fungicidal properties of the isolated peptide fractions were established, and low-molecular protein compounds with antibacterial and antifungicidal activity were identified; the toxicity indicators of identified bacteriocins and fungicides were studied in vitro. The novelty of this work consists in the development of scientifically based approaches to screening and characterization of antagonistic properties of microorganisms isolated from natural sources, as well as to the cultivation of antagonist microorganisms in connection with the creation of new pharmaceutical substances of antimicrobial action.
Modern methods for extraction of biologically active compounds
Authors: Orobinskaya V N , Permyakov A V , Pisarenko O N , Galdin E V , Konovalova I D
Published: December 2020

The article describes the characteristics of modern methods of extracting biologically active compounds from various types of plant materials. The characteristics of the advantages and disadvantages of such methods as: ultrasonic extraction method, extraction with liquefied gases, extraction with liquefied gases, electro-explosive extraction of biologically active compounds, electric discharge extraction, extraction using vibration exposure are given.
The resource-saving technology of anthocyanins extraction by the method of low-frequency vibration impact
Authors: Orobinskaya V N , Permyakov A V , Kholodova E N , Galdin E V
Published: December 2020

The development and use of a practical method for producing antioxidants (less energy-consuming and more economically viable) is relevant and contributes to the expansion of the market of “functional” products and the receipt of new dietary supplements. An experimental model of a laboratory low-frequency vibration extractor was developed to intensify the technological process of extraction from plant material containing ALS. Some technological parameters of the anthocyanins extraction process have been determined: raw material / extractant ratio, % extractant concentration, as well as some design parameters of a pilot plant (vibration extractor). The possibility of obtaining anthocyanins from the waste of the fruit and berry industry with a high percentage yield of biologically active substances has been experimentally shown.
Continuous Improvement Culture is a Key to a Company’s Development and Success
Authors: Osipova M V , Petrov D S
Published: December 2020

In the Russian Federation, programs aimed at developing continuous improvement culture are being launched in many industrial areas of economic activity. These programs lead to the modernization of all processes and technological stages of production. Pilot projects to introduce improvement culture are already being developed and implemented in several regions of Russia. This area is currently very important and promising not only in the Russian Federation, but also in the global industry. There is already accumulated experience from a number of global manufacturing companies.
Experimental use of food additives to accelerate the technological process of bakery production
Authors: Osipova M V
Published: December 2020

In our country the production of bakery products is the most popular food industry. In the diet of citizens, the consumption of bakery products is a priority. In this regard, increasing the variety of products, and expanding the choice of bakery products for the population are important tasks for the food processing industry. These tasks can be solved with greater efficiency by applying the latest modern technologies at enterprises, which allow them to produce products of excellent quality with reduced financial costs. In the production of bakery products, it is possible to use production intensification technologies using new methods that allow optimizing the stages of the technological process and the entire production process. The use of new methods for optimizing technological processes allows reducing costs of production by reducing the time component in the bakery production process.
Application of modern convergent solutions in food biotechnologies
Authors: Petrova A S
Published: December 2020

The need to introduce innovative technologies in the food industry is a requirement of the time. What previously seemed completely incompatible is now becoming a close and complementary unity of knowledge due to the emergence of convergent technologies. In the course of a specific study, it was shown that the synthesis of biotechnology, which provides methods for working with living organisms (in our case, yeast) and nanotechnology, which forms the basis of the scientific and technological revolution, will radically change food technology. According to experts, about 85% of food production is somehow related to the use of microbiological processes. Modern food biotechnology is associated with increasing requirements for the intensification of technological processes. Acceleration of food production processes without deterioration of their quality characteristics is an extremely relevant area of research. The use of biotechnology to develop a new method of intensifying the fermentation process will provide a solution to one of the key social problems – accelerating the progress of the food industry. The relevance of research conducted in this direction is also confirmed by the fact that the use of new technologies based on innovations in various fields of knowledge and being their synthesis leads to an increase in economic and, as a consequence, social welfare. As a result of the study, it was found that the use of colloidal silver for water treatment during a series of experiments resulted in an increase in the lifting force of yeast.
Metal-binding ability of sodium alginate relative to Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions
Authors: Petukhova E A
Published: December 2020

The article substantiates and experimentally confirms the possibility of a non-starch polysaccharide – sodium alginate to form complex compounds with iron (III) and copper (II) ions. Alginates are used in medical practice as an enterosorbent for severe poisoning with metal ions due to their ability to form complexes with heavy metals, insoluble in water.
Results of calculation of pressure distribution along the gap for the hydrostatic extrusion scheme with an uncompressed shank
Authors: Prokhasko L S , Prokhasko Y G , Zalilov R V , Khaibrakhmanov R R , Glebova S Y , Maksyutov R R
Published: December 2020

Hydrostatic extrusion implemented in the fluid friction regime creates the most favorable stress state of the billet in the deformation zone, which ensures its improved mechanical properties: increased yield strength and strength with a high margin of plasticity, and greater uniformity. In order to implement the fluid friction regime throughout the entire process, a hydrostatic extrusion scheme with an uncompressed shank is proposed with the working chamber structurally divided into two cavities – radial and axial ones, and process design schemes are developed. The paper presents the results of calculation of pressure distribution along the shank for this scheme with regard to non-isothermal fluid flow in a thin annular gap, their graphical interpretation (pressure distribution diagrams along the shank at pressure drops ΔP), and data analysis. The pressure calculation results obtained can be used to determine the gap along the shank with regard to elastic deformation of the working chamber walls and the shank, and to adjust the calculation of other process parameters.
Comparative analysis of the chemical composition of turkey meat of different breed groups in the conditions of the South Urals
Authors: Rebezov Y M , Shcherbakov P N , Bezhinar T I , Safronov S L , Vinogradova N D , Morozova L A
Published: December 2020

Turkey meat is one of the most valuable poultry products. The purpose of the study is to compare the chemical composition of meat of turkeys of different crosses in the conditions of the South Urals. For the experiment, four groups of turkey poults were chosen: medium cross Broad Breasted White; heavy cross Broad Breasted White; medium cross Hybrid Converter; heavy cross Hybrid Converter. It was found that the cross Hybrid turkey meat is qualitatively superior to the meat of turkeys of different Broad Breasted White crosses in terms of protein content in red and white meat, as well as in the lower fat content. The energy value of Broad Breasted White turkey meat was found to be insignificantly higher due to different fat content, except for the energy value of white meat from medium cross turkeys.
Optical properties of sea buckthorn drinks as the main physical characteristic of their quality
Authors: Rozhnov E D , Shkolnikova M N , Maksimiuk N N , Voitsekhivskyi V I , Tikhomirov E A , Bobkova E Yu
Published: December 2020

The hue and color intensity are referred to optical properties of soft drinks made from fruit and berry raw materials that are crucial for control of their quality and identification. In addition, a natural color of raw materials is attractive for consumers since it provides a more appealing natural appearance to the drink. Sea buckthorn drinks are prone to browning during storage due to the specific chemical composition of berries, which necessitates the control of their optical properties. The study aimed to investigate optical properties of different groups of sea buckthorn drinks during storage, namely clarified juice and dry wine material made from sea buckthorn of the Chuiskaya variety, and to establish the possibility of using some calculated parameters that characterize the drink color in techno-chemical control practices. Optical properties of drink samples were determined with a UV-1800 spectrophotometer, and the values obtained were used to calculate the parameters of intensity, hue, and yellowness. It is shown that physical methods can be used to control optical properties of sea buckthorn drinks in order to objectively assess the color as one of the basic organoleptic parameters of drink quality. It is established that the results of optical analysis are consistent with visual assessment of the sea buckthorn drink samples during storage, which opens up prospects for implementation of this research method in the laboratories of enterprises involved in processing of sea buckthorn to produce various groups of drinks.
Polymorphism of the CAPN1 and GH genes and its relationship with the productivity of cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed
Authors: Selionova M I , Plakhtyukova V R
Published: December 2020

The improvement of beef cattle is associated with the use of molecular genetic testing for genes associated with signs of meat productivity. The article presents the results of studies of gene polymorphism of calpain (CAPN1) and growth hormone (GH) in different sex and age groups of the Kazakh white-headed breed and its effect on the dynamics of live weight of young animals. It was found that polymorphism of the CAPN1 and GH genes is represented by three genotypes of CC, CG, GG and VV, LV, LL, respectively. The most common in the CAPN1 gene are the G allele and the GG genotype, the frequency of which ranged between 0.83-0.89 and 0.72-0.81, in the GH gene, the L allele and the LL genotype, the occurrence of which, respectively, was within 0.60-0.81 and 0.51-0.66. The carriers of the desired alleles, both in the homozygous and heterozygous state, were insignificant: in the CAPN1 gene, in the range of 0.03-0.22, in the GH gene, 0.03-0.31. In the CAPN1 gene, a lack of heterozygotes was observed in all groups, while in repair young animals it was higher than in animals of the parent herd. In the GH gene, a slight excess of heterozygotes was found in manufacturing bulls and repair bulls, while among cows and repair heifers they were deficient. Significant superiority in live weight at 8 and 12 months of age of gobies and heifers carriers of genotypes CAPN1CC and GHVV over peers CAPN1GG and GHLL was established by an average of 13.7 (P <0.05) and 6.8 %%; 12.1 (P <0.05) and 6.7 %%.
Development of a biological method to control the poisonous weed plant heracleum sosnowskyi manden
Authors: Semchuk N N , Balun O V
Published: December 2020

The level of aggression of invasive species in some cases is so high that natural plant communities undergo significant changes in vertical and horizontal structure of phytocoenosis. Often, the species composition of the ecosystem can also greatly decrease. For active introduction into historically established plant communities, a new species must have a special norm of genotype response, which in one or more parameters exceeds that of native species. This gives it an advantage that allows it to expand its range and dominate. The phenomenon with the species Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden is also different in that the plant causes dangerous diseases in humans. It is no coincidence that this weed has been controlled by the government in recent years.
Evaluation of sires with respect to production of their daughters and proportion of holstein blood
Authors: Semkiv M V
Published: December 2020

One of the best domestic dairy breeds is black-motley breed. At the same time, the Holstein breed has been one of the most highly productive for a long time. All world records for milk production were set by the Holstein breed. Moreover, it is very demanding in terms of management. In current conditions of the dairy cattle development, the semen of Holstein sires is still being used to increase the milk production of black-motley cows. Until today, there is no consensus on the optimal proportion of blood of the improving breed. The paper analyzes and evaluates the production of the daughters of sires depending on the proportion of blood of the Holstein breed. As a result, it was found that sires of Holstein lines have a positive effect on the production qualities of the black-motley breed, which ultimately leads to an increase in milk production. At the same time, in order to further improve the breeding and productive qualities of cows in herds, it is necessary to use sires assessed by the quality of the offspring, which are improvers in terms of milk yield and milk fat content. Consistent implementation of all technological solutions should be a fundamental factor in realization of the genetic potential.
Effect of laser irradiation on the processes involved in growth of mustard and radish seeds
Authors: Sevostyanova N N , Pchelina E A , Gordievskaia V O , Danilovskikh M G , Trezorova O Y
Published: December 2020

Horticulture as a branch of agriculture was developed as a means of increasing the crop productivity and economic feasibility of agricultural production. Advancement of various agricultural technologies, such as chemical and biological growth promoting substances and application of fertilizers, pesticides, substances that protect plants from diseases, causes ecological imbalance. For this reason, it is essential to perform the task of developing new technological methods that make it possible to unlock genetic potential of plants and get higher yields avoiding any environmental impact. Laser irradiation is one of such methods. Pre-sowing seed treatment with low-intensity red spectrum laser irradiation positively affects the growth and development of plants. This research paper conveys the study of the effect of red spectrum laser irradiation that allows one to irradiate mustard and radish seeds with continuous light using left and right rotating laser beam sweep in order to activate chemical matter with L- and D-conformations in plants. The effect of this treatment on germination capacity and energy was studied as well.
Flaxseed bread for therapeutic nutrition
Authors: Sevostyanova N N , Pchelina E A , Vihrova M A , Trezorova O Yu , Andreeva L V
Published: December 2020

The study analyzes the effects of the diet and various classes of macronutrients on metabolism, as well as the use of low-carb nutrition in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. The authors have proposed an optimal set of ingredients for the production of bread, the use of which will allow to correct the course of these diseases, and also will allow consumption for groups of people suffering from intolerance to gluten, milk and sugar. Two recipes for yeast-free flaxseed bread with the addition of a vegetable drink made from oats and hazelnuts, as the least allergenic foods, are proposed. The analysis of the quality of the finished product is performed, as well as the comparison of samples in nutritional value with industrial varieties of bread, including products made for the dietary sector.
Yeast cell walls adsorption capacity
Authors: Solovyov V V , Marhunova A M , Permiakova O L , Voblikova T V , Semenova Yu O
Published: December 2020

The article considers the problem of effective and safe ways to disinfect feed from mycotoxins using the adsorption capacity of yeast cell walls. We present the results of the study on yeast cell walls physicochemical properties and adsorption capacity by high performance liquid chromatography, using a reference sample of Trylogy multitoxins, in relation to such mycotoxins as aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol. The obtained results show that yeast cell walls have good adsorption capacity with respect to heavy mycotoxins and poorly absorb to light mycotoxins.
The current state of tourist and recreational activities in rural areas of the Novgorod region
Authors: Stepanova A A , Dmitruk N G
Published: December 2020

Integrated rural development is one of the most important strategic objectives of regional policy. One of the promising types of economic activity in rural areas is tourism. According to statistics, the main flows of tourist arrivals in the Novgorod region are in several key areas, while the potential of other areas remains unused. The article provides an overview of the current state of tourist and recreational activities in rural areas in the region, analyzes the importance of rural tourism, and reveals the possibilities of its organization.
Improved methods of original and elite seed potato growing aimed at creation of a bank of healthy potato varieties in N.I. Kolesnikov and D.P. Pavlyuk farms in Novgorod region
Authors: Toshkina E A , Abdushaeva Ya M
Published: December 2020

The objects of this research are microplants of 3 potato varieties acquired from the lab of Novgorod regional branch of Federal State Budgetary Institution “Russian agricultural center” in order to create a nursery. The research goal is to study the characteristics of growth and development of potato varieties, to gain healthy starter material in Novgorod region and to use it in seed production. In the course of this research, phenological observations of growth and development of potato microplants were performed, the effect of the application of “Agrovit-Kor” fertilizer on growth and development of potato microplants was studied and a field nursery of elite and super-elite class potatoes was created. As a result of the study of crops productivity and harvest indexes in D. P. Pavlyuk farm, Aurora potato variety was singled out. Productivity of its plants was 319.7 gram per one bush and its harvest index is 1:15. Impala potato variety stood out in the course of the same study in N. S. Kolesnikov farm - productivity of its plants was 220.9 gram per one bush and its harvest index was 1:12. Red Scarlett variety gives constant yields of potato minitubers. We recommend to perform health-improvement of Red Scarlett potato variety, increase the growing space of microplants, adjust air conditions in greenhouses, improve the drip irrigation system and if possible, install an automatic control system; add growth promoting substances to soil mixture in order to enhance the resistance of microplants to the air conditions in greenhouses; to plant out microplants in the first decade of June for better survivability and protection from late spring frosts and temporary drought that might come due to a sharp rise of mean daily temperatures. We recommend to use “Agrovit-Kor” fertilizer and add calculated doses of humates and growth promoting substances to soil mixtures in order to improve survivability, to encourage an even formation of plants habitus and to increase the harvest index of potato minitubers. In order to improve water conditions, it is required to install a drop irrigation system, expand the range of usage of middle-early potato varieties of Russian (“Eurasia”) and Belarusian (“Yanka”, “Skarb”) selection.
Activation of the excretion of radionuclides from the body of fattening gobies and their retention level
Authors: Vinogradova O N , Sevostyanova N N
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the use of low-intensity laser radiation and pectin containing feed additives in animal husbandry to activate the excretion of radionuclides through the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys of black-motley bulls for fattening in order to reduce their retention in the body. As a result of the studies, the high efficiency of these factors is proved. The specific most effective radiation doses for gobies were determined. Mountain ash berry as a food supplement is recommended to enhance the positive effect of low-intensity laser radiation.
Assessment of urban pine forests state using the vegetation index NDVI
Authors: Zakharov K V , Somova Yu V , Gladysheva M M , Kolba Yu Yu , Sedinkina N A , Gavrilenko A S
Published: December 2020

The condition of the vegetation cover in Moscow was estimated using the NDVI vegetation index. To construct synthetic images, Landsat 5, 7, and 8 multispectral satellite images taken during the active vegetation period from 1999 to 2019 were used. Index indicators are calculated for pine forests located in protected areas, in urban parks among high-rise buildings and inside private low-rise building districts. The results showed differences in the NDVI values between these three types of birch forests, however, temporal trends show similar dynamics of changes in the physiological state of trees over the studied period.
To Study effect of VARTM process parameters for composite strength: Taguchi approach
Authors: Bhatt A T , Gohil P P
Published: December 2020

Vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) has become well known fibre reinforced composite (FRC) manufacturing technique for various applications like boat hull, automobile parts, wind blades, aircraft parts etc. As name suggests, vacuum is used to assist resin to flow inside fabric during impregnation. The flow of resin happens due to the pressure difference created due to vacuum supply pipe (at vacuum pressure) and resin supply pipe (at atmospheric pressure). The flow of resin bonds the fabric to make a solid part. Various parameters affect the quality of part produced by VARTM. In this paper effect of three process parameters were studied, which include number of layers, position of resin supply and vacuum supply location. Each parameter with three levels was studied to find the effect of these parameters on tensile strength and flow velocity. Jute and polyester resin were selected as material to prepare laminates. The experiments were performed as per Taguchi Orthogonal Array L(9). It has been observed that the mechanical properties were best achieved when position of resin supply was at middle, vacuum supply location was from edge to centre and numbers of layers were five.