bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT BORON APPLICATIONS ON SEED YIELD AND SOME AGRONOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RED LENTIL
Authors: ÖKTEM Ayşe Gülgün
Published: June 2022

This study is to determine the effect of different boron application methods to grain yield and some agricultural properties of Sakar red lentil variety (Lens culinaris Medic.). Study was conducted in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing years in the Boron lack areas of Sanliurfa in Turkey. Experimental design was randomized complete block design with four replicates. Borax and Sakar lentil variety were used as Boron source and plant material, respectively. The methods of applying boron were control (0 kg B da-1), to soil (0.20 kg B da-1), to foliar spraying (when plants have 5-6 leaves 0.05 kg da-1 and have pre-flowering period 0.05 kg da-1) and to soil+foliar application (to soil 0.10 kg B da-1 + to foliar when plants have 5-6 leaves 0.05 kg da-1 and have pre-flowering period 0.05 kg da-1). According to average of two years; the highest grain yield was obtained from soil+foliar aplications (198.57 kg da-1). Also the highest harvest index (33.96%), thousand kernel weight (41.78 g), biological yield (582.96 g/m2) values were seen on soil+foliar applications. Protein content of kernel (33.29 %) and the boron content of kernel (19.09 mg kg-1) values increased with boron applications at the average of two years. The most effective boron application method was determined as soil + foliar boron application but other application methods were more effective than control parcels.
Co-Creation Beyond Humans: The Arts of Multispecies Placemaking
Authors: Sachs Olsen Cecilie
Published: June 2022

Placemaking, as a form of urban development often focusing on arts- and community-based approaches, is becoming a key site for responding to pressing social and environmental concerns around the development of sustainable urban futures. This article explores the potential of arts-based methods to develop a “multispecies placemaking” in which “the community” is expanded to also include non-human species. Drawing on a performative event aiming to put the idea of multispecies placemaking into practice, the article brings together theories and practices of the evolving field of multispecies art with the more established field of socially engaged art to discuss challenges of co-creation and participation from a multispecies perspective. It concludes with a reflection on the possibilities of arts-based methods to foster not only methodological innovation within the field of placemaking but also to suggest a re-thinking of what placemaking is and could be.
Ensuring reliable operation of the hydraulic unit through the laws of contact hydrodynamics
Authors: Evdokimov Sergey V. , Orlova Alla A.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the basic laws of contact hydrodynamics, which studies complex phenomena occurring in the lubricating layer separating the elastically deformable surfaces of various parts, and thus solves the complex problem of hydrodynamics, elasticity theory, thermodynamics, rheology of lubricants and materials science. For a long time, contact hydrodynamics was considered a secondary direction in hydraulic engineering, however, the main aspects of contact hydrodynamics allow determining the thickness of the lubricating layer in the elastic metal-plastic segments of the hydraulic unit bearings, ensuring the reliability and durability of their operation. Thus, contact hydrodynamics allowed us to gain a positive experience of long-term operational tests of elastic metal-plastic segments in the supports of hydraulic units of the largest hydroelectric power plants. In addition, contact hydrodynamics solved the problem of transferring all hydraulic units of large hydroelectric power plants of the country from rigid babbit supports to elastic composite ones; and all newly built hydro generators should be equipped with elastic segments of a new design.
Features of the residential development of Telyachya Street
Authors: Ageeva Elena Yu. , Oskirko Anastasia A.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, using the example of residential buildings on Telyachyaya Street (now Gogol Street) located in Nizhny Novgorod, we analyze the features of the use of exemplary projects, the influence of the system of exemplary projects on the formation of the architectural appearance of the street and on the creation of a harmonious image of the street as a whole. The potential for preserving and restoring residential buildings of the 19th century is estimated.
Theory and practice of updating the model of starting entrepreneurial projects
Authors: Smirnov Sergey A. , Rakov Anton P.
Published: June 2022

The article attempts, based on the experience of the Innovative Design Chair of SamSTU and LLC "Smirnov Design", to formulate a simple and understandable recipe for launching an entrepreneurial project for students, using the time and opportunities of studying at the university for this purpose. Within the framework of this article, the authors, based on their own experience, attempt to clarify the well-known model of launching an entrepreneurial project, which would take into account the specifics of the participation of university teachers and students in the project. The authors of the article sincerely believe that the proposed model of interaction between education and business can significantly improve the effectiveness of education at the university, while reducing the costs and risks of entrepreneurs. The relevance of involving universities in entrepreneurial projects is explained on the one hand by the need to modernize and transform the educational process, and on the other hand by the need to reduce the burden and minimize risks for small and medium-sized businesses.
Features and specificity of including underground space in the planning structure of railway stations
Authors: Alekseev Yuri V. , Kuznetsov Ilia V.
Published: June 2022

The intensive development of the transport infrastructure of the largest cities in the world creates urban planning problems associated with the search for new solutions for street and off-street transport systems, as well as the street and road network in combination with public buildings that are part of the citys public service system. New solutions require effective interconnection of flat development of urban areas at the ground level and spatial development of aboveground and underground levels, which would provide a rational architectural and planning organization of the components of the territory and types of buildings and structures of territorial-spatial objects. These components and types include urban areas near the station and station complexes, in the architectural environment of which a large number of local people and those who come from other cities move on a daily basis. Features and specifics of the inclusion of underground space in the planning structure of these components and types, affecting the comfortable stay of people in them, are considered in this work.
Investigation of the effect of using waste vermiculite in concrete on the mineralogical and chemical structure of concrete
Authors: KALEM Merve , HARMANCI Fatma Nur
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde atık maddelerin geri kazanılarak yapı malzemeleri içerisinde kullanımı ile ilgili yeni yaklaşımlar meydana gelmektedir. Bu atıkların yeniden kullanımı ile önemli çevresel problemlerin önüne geçilmekle birlikte yapı malzemelerinin üretiminde kullanılacak ham maddelerden de tasarruf edilmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma kapsamında önemli bir çevresel sorun olan ve henüz bir değerlendirme alanı bulamamış olan atık vermikülit madeninin beton içerisinde agrega yerine değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ince agrega ile yer değiştirilen atık vermikülitin (AVK) karakterizasyonu ve elde edilen beton örneklerinin kimyasal ve mineralojik bileşimleri SEM-EDS, FTIR ve XRD analizleri ile ortaya koyularak betonun yapısında meydana gelen kimyasal ve mineralojik değişimler betonun basınç dayanımı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre atık vermikülit dozunun artışı ile birlikte beton basınç dayanımında meydana gelen düşüşler ve betonun kimyasal yapısında görülen bağlanmış fonksiyonel O-H grupları, beton karışımının fazladan su ihtiyacı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak elde edilen sonuçlar neticesinde düşük dozlarda atık vermikülit içeren betonların basınç dayanımının önemli olmadığı yapısal alanlarda da kullanılabilir olduğu görülmüştür.
Slid Pairs of the Fruit-80 Stream Cipher
Authors: Pang Kok-An , Abdul-Latip Shekh Faisal , Abdul Rani Hazlin
Published: June 2022

Fruit is a small-state stream cipher designed for securing communications among resource-constrained devices. The design of Fruit was first known to the public in 2016. It was later improved as Fruit-80 in 2018 and becomes the latest and final version among all versions of the Fruit stream ciphers. In this paper, we analyze the Fruit-80 stream cipher. We found that Fruit-80 generates identical keystreams from certain two distinct pairs of key and IV. Such pair of key and IV pairs is known as a slid pair. Moreover, we discover that when two pairs of key and IV fulfill specific characteristics, they will generate identical keystreams. This shows that slid pairs do not always exist arbitrarily in Fruit-80. We define specific rules which are equivalent to the characteristics. Using the defined rules, we are able to automate the searching process using an MILP solver, which makes searching of the slid pairs trivial.
Cholecystectomy under epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with significant comorbid conditions
Authors: USTA Mehmet Arif , TAYAR Serkan , REİS Murat Emre , ULUŞAHİN Mehmet , ALHAN Etem
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical treatment of gallstone disease with open cholecystectomy under epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with significant comorbid conditions.

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 80 consecutive elderly patients over 65 years of age with significant comorbid conditions who underwent open cholecytectomy under epidural anesthesia for the surgical treatment of gallstone disease between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019, all performed by one surgeon.

Results: Mean age was found 77 ± 16 years. Fifty of the patients (62.5%) were females. Forty-seven patients (58.75%) showed an American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical Status (ASA, PS) of 3. The most frequently associated comorbidity involved the cardiovascular system (46 patients, 57.5%). Surgical indications were acute cholecystitis (AC) in 37 patients (46.25%) and chronic cholecystitis in 32 patients (40%). Mean operation time was 55 ± 22 minutes. Hospital stay was mean 12 ± 5 days. Total complication rate was 38.75%, and pulmonary complication was the most frequently encountered (13.75%). 30-day mortality was seen in 5 patients (6.25%).

Conclusion: In older, high-risk gallstone patients, an open cholecystectomy with epidural anesthesia may be recommended. For this patient population, the mortality and morbidity rates are acceptable.
Jinekolojik Onkoloji Pratiğimizde Risk Azaltıcı Cerrahi Yönetimi Gerektiren Genetik Değişiklikler
Authors: KAZANCI Ferah , ŞAHİN Feride İffet
Published: June 2022

Kanser, fonksiyonu hücre büyümesi ve DNA’nın bütünlüğünü koruma olan genlerdeki mutasyonlar sonucu gelişir. Mutasyonlar, germ hücrelerinde(germline)(GLM) ve diğer hücrelerde (somatik)(SM) olabilir. Kanserlerin %5-10’undan germline mutasyonlar sorumludur. Erken dönemde GLM’ların tespit edilmesi; risk altındaki bireylerin belirlenmesi, takibinin yapılması ve risk azaltıcı koruyucu stratejilerin geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca son zamanlarda tümör dokusunda SM’ların tespiti, hedefe yönelik ve adjuvan tedaviyi düzenlemede rehber olmaktadır. Over ve meme kanserlerinin yaklaşık %10-30’u ailesel kümelenme göstermekle birlikte vakaların sadece %5-10’u kalıtsaldır. Özellikle, kalıtsal over kanserlerinin yaklaşık %65-85’ini DNA onarım kusurlarına neden olan BRCA1/2 genlerinde GLM’lar sonucu oluşmaktadır. BRCA1/2 genlerinde patojenik mutasyonu olan bireyler için risk azaltıcı mastektomi (RRM) meme kanseri riskini %90-95 oranında azaltırken, salpingo-ooferektomi (RRSO) ile meme ( %50), over ve fallop tüpü kanseri insidansı da ( %70-96) azalmaktadır. Ayrıca RRSO, kansere özgü genel mortaliteyi azaltmakla ve over kanserini önlemede en etkili seçenek olarak kabul edilmektedir. BRCA1/2 dışında homolog rekombinasyon yolu DNA tamirinde rol oynayan RAD51C, RAD51D ve BRIP1 genlerdeki patojenik mutasyonlar over kanserinde rol oynamaktadır. RAD51C, RAD51D ve BRIP1, genlerinin patojenik mutasyon taşıyıcılarında rehberler, RRSO’i önermektedir. Lynch sendromu (LS), kolorektal ve endometriyal kanser gelişme riskinde artış ile karakterize otozomal dominant bir hastalıktır. LS’da endometrium ve over kanseri risk artışı en fazla olan MLH1, MSH2 ve MSH6 genlerinde patojenik mutasyon taşıyıcılarında fertilitesini tamamladıktan sonra risk azaltıcı cerrahi olarak histerektomi ve RRSO önerilmektedir. Bu derlemede amacımız, jinekolojik onkoloji pratiğimizde son zamanlarda kullanımı gittikçe artan risk azaltıcı profilaktik cerrahi uygulamaları gerektiren genetik hastalıkları son rehberler eşliğinde özetlemektir.
Velocity Contrast across the Zhaotong-Ludian Fault in Southwest China from the Analysis of Fault Zone Head Waves and TeleseismicP-Wave Arrivals
Authors: Zheng Xian , Zhao Cuiping , Qiu Hongrui , Niu Fenglin , Zhao Ce
Published: June 2022

We image the Zhaotong-Ludian fault (ZLF) in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau (SE Tibetan plateau) using waveforms from local and teleseismic earthquakes recorded by 14 seismic stations. We identify two types of fault zone head wave (FZHW) from two clusters of earthquakes by applying an automatic picking algorithm and a horizontal particle motion analysis. The first type of FZHWs shows a linear time–distance moveout and is only observed at stations on the southeast side of the fault in the northeastern section of the ZLF. The moveout slope suggests an average cross-fault velocity contrast of ∼2.5%. The second type of FZHWs exhibits a constant moveout and is recorded by stations on both sides of the ZLF in the southwestern section from a cluster of earthquakes located in a low-velocity zone. The difference in cross-fault velocity contrast between the northeast and southwest segments of the ZLF is also confirmed by teleseismic P-wave travel-time data. We attribute the prominent velocity contrast in the northeast section to a lithological difference between the South China block in the southeast and the Daliangshan subblock on the northwest side of the fault. The striking difference between the northeast and southwest sections also implies that earthquakes nucleating in one segment would hardly rupture through the entire fault, which can significantly affect our estimates of the maximum magnitude of future earthquakes occurring on the fault.
The results of the impact of electromagnetic waves of the terahertz range on the tissues of the elbow joint with the consequences of its injury
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Kozlov E.S. , Soldatov Yu.P. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Stogov M.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Shchurova E.N. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Kireeva E.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Introduction Among the ranges of electromagnetic waves used in clinical practice, electromagnetic waves of the terahertz range (EMWTHR) have promising applications. The experimental and clinical studies show that they are able to provide correction of the main pathophysiological disorders of a living organism such as hypoxia, hypercoagulation, and immunodeficiency. Purpose To study the effectiveness and safety of terahertz electromagnetic waves in the complex treatment of patients with the consequences of fractures of the humeral condyle Methods Clinical, radiological, physiological and laboratory studies were conducted in 30 patients with consequences of fractures of the humeral condyle (post-traumatic deformities, osteoarthritis of the elbow joint). Surgical treatment of patients with consequences of injuries of the elbow joint was classical and consisted of corrective osteotomies and osteosynthesis with the Ilizarov apparatus of the humerus and forearm. The main group consisted of 15 patients who underwent 10 sessions of EMWTHR exposure to the osteotomy zone, and 15 patients did not undergo physiotherapy. Results It was found that in patients of the main group, the average values of the intensity of pain and the deficit in the range of motion were significantly lower than the findings of the comparison group in the short term after treatment. The use of EMWTHR therapy led to differences in metabolic processes in the compared groups. There were no significant changes in radiological, physiological and laboratory parameters, as well as clinical signs that could be attributed to adverse events or complications associated with the use of EMWTHR. Conclusion The results of the comparative study allow us to recommend the EMWTHR therapy in the system of complex treatment of patients with the consequences of fractures of the humeral condyle and can be used as a means for local stimulation of reparative processes in target patients.
Long-term outcomes of atypical clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method
Authors:   Regional Children's Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Vavilov M.A. , Blandinsky V.F. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Gromov I.V. ,   Regional Children's Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Solovyova E.N. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Dubinenkov V.B. ,   Regional Children's Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Sokolov A.G. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Introduction Congenital clubfoot is the most common congenital malformation of the foot in children. Despite the relatively low birth rate clubfoot shows no tendency to decrease in the population. On the contrary, there is an increased number of foot pathologies associated with central nervous system anomalies and other pathological syndromes. Atypical clubfoot according to Ponseti's classification requires early recognition and continues to challenge the skills of the pediatric orthopedic surgeon. The objective was to draw the attention of pediatric orthopedists on the problem of atypical clubfoot. The goals were to discuss common errors in the treatment of atypical clubfoot and assess a recurrence rate that would require a re-operation. Material and methods A total of 135 children (184 feet) with atypical clubfoot which amounted to 12.1 % of the total clubfoot cases were treated in hospitals of the city of Yaroslavl between May 2006 and December 2019. The review included 106 children (147 feet) with atypical clubfoot who could benefit from Ponseti treatment. The mean long-term followup period was 7.2 years. Results Relapses requiring re-operation occurred in 51 children (83 feet) that amounted to 48.1 % of the total atypical clubfoot cases treated in Yaroslavl. Discussion Appropriate bracing is an important component of the Ponseti technique of atypical clubfoot correction in everyday practice of the pediatric orthopedist. Untimely detection of atypical clubfoot and non-compliance with bracing protocol in typical clubfoot can result in an iatrogenic atypical clubfoot with likelihood of major reconstructions and poor prognosis. Conclusion The Ponseti method in Russia is the "gold standard" for the treatment of clubfoot.
“VOCÊ SE ABRE PARA ESCRUTÍNIO”: O PÚBLICO E O PRIVADO NAS ELABORAÇÕES SOBRE SÍNDROME DE TURNER NA AMBIÊNCIA DA MIDIATIZAÇÃO
Authors: Pasquali Falchi Maria do Carmo
Published: June 2022

A ascensão dos sujeitos às plataformas digitais e o consequente aumento na produção de conteúdo online devido à midiatização, resulta na crescente diluição da barreira público-privado, especialmente em questões relacionadas à saúde. Assim, buscamos analisar o conteúdo do perfil Turner & Eu e do canal do YouTube Brooke TV para compreender as dinâmicas que emergem durante o processo de extimidade das pacientes com Síndrome de Turner na ambiência online.
ANÁLISE DE DADOS APLICADA AO LEVANTAMENTO DA COBERTURA NOTICIOSA SOBRE AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO G1 NOTÍCIAS
Authors: Cordeiro Douglas Farias , Souza Leandro Rodrigues da Silva , Pessoa Jumana Morabi , Limiro Renata Moreira , Da Silva Núbia Rosa
Published: June 2022

Embora a agricultura familiar seja proporcionalmente menor em termos de ocupação territorial, ela é considerada como a principal responsável pela produção de alimentos que é disponibilizada para a população do Brasil. Apesar de tal importância, ainda são muitos os desafios e obstáculos a serem superados, os quais permeiam questões como melhores políticas públicas e incentivos governamentais. Neste cenário, este estudo tem o objetivo de realizar um panorama da visão da agricultura familiar por parte da cobertura jornalística no âmbito do portal de notícias G1. As análises realizadas são baseadas no uso de soluções computacionais de mineração de dados. Os resultados obtidos apresentam detalhes quanto aos principais assuntos abordados e o volume quantitativo de peças veiculadas.
O TRABALHO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE TELEJORNAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID19: DESAFIOS E NOVAS PRÁTICAS
Authors: Queiroz Eliani De Fátima Covem
Published: June 2022

Os repórteres de telejornalismo enfrentam novos desafios durante a pandemia da Covid19. A pesquisa relatada neste texto foi realizada em um estudo de caso, tendo como referência a teoria do Newsmaking. Verificou-se que as rotinas nas redações foram alteradas. Também a composição imagética dos telejornais adquiriu nova estética, com gravações feitas por smartphones e aplicativos de vídeo.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O COMUNICACIONAL
Authors: Pereira Luciano Alves
Published: June 2022

Resenha do livro REFLEXÕES SOBRE O COMUNICACIONAL
Antibiotic usage in pediatric dentistry: A review
Authors: Ahuja Vipin , Betal Sumit Kumar
Published: June 2022

Antibioticsplay a major role in the treatment of numerous diseases in the oro-dental region.Dentists need to keep their knowledge updated regarding the pharmacology of antibiotics and there use in the treatment of dental infections for children with a better understanding of action to provide better treatment and also to reduce misuse and over prescription of drugs to inhibit bacterial resistance. This review article is scripted with a motive to provide essential information of the antibiotics used in pediatric dentistry so as to render healthy information to parents and children.
Collaborative Practice during Forest Fires Disaster: A Narrative Policy Framework
Authors: Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: June 2022

This study aims to explain collaborative practices during forest fire prevention and mitigation in Indonesia using a narrative policy framework (NPF). The primary data was collected from 30 informants related to forest fire mitigation in South Sumatra Province (SSP) using in-depth interviews. The secondary data was from online media that publishes news on forest fires. This study adopts a deductive approach and an interactive model during organizing, processing, and analyzing using ATLAS.ti 8 for Windows. Based on the NPF approach, this study has found that there are different views among the policy actors about the character (the villain, the hero, and the victims), the plot, and the solution policy (moral of the story) within the narrative of forest fires in SSP. This study recommends government institutions increase the quality of taskforce governance so that it can facilitate the learning process, enhance trust, minimize conflict tension, and promote participative decision-making between policy actors within the forest fire policy sub-system.
Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Air Pollutants, in 2020 Compared to the Same Period in 2019 in Qom, Iran
Authors: Safari Zahra , Fouladi-Fard Reza , Hosseini Mohammad Raza , Vahidmoghadam Razieh , Ferrante Margherita , Rezaali Mostafa , Omidi Oskouei Alireza , Fiore Maria
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the change of air pollutants in 2020 in Qom compared to the same period in 2019 in five scenarios.
Materials and Methods: The hourly air quality data was obtained from air quality monitoring stations of Qom Environmental Protection Organization (EPO). The meteorological parameters were obtained from Iranian Meteorological Organization website. The data were analyzed using Excel, SPSS, and WRPLOT view.
Results: In the first month of the COVID-19 crisis, NO2, SO2, and CO decreased by 26.4, 39, and 0.2 µg/m3 compared to same period in 2019, respectively; however, PM2.5 and O3 increased by 7.1 and 2.3 µg/m3, respectively. In Iranian Nowruz holidays, an increase of 2.9 µg/m3 in O3 mean concentration and a decrease of 8.1, 23.8, 22.8, and 0.2 µg/m3 in mean concentration of PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO were experienced. The prevailing wind direction during the 2020 in each scenario was from the west of Qom city.
Conclusion: Gaseous pollutants decreased during the crisis, but particulate pollutants increased slightly compared to the same period in 2019. The lockdown may have had the most impact in decreasing pollutants. A slight increase in wind speed from the west could be a factor in increasing particles. This crisis provided an opportunity to assess the role of policies, such as traffic reduction plans or discarding worn-out cars or urban management to improve air quality.
Job Stress among Workers Exposed to Extremely Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields in a Combined Cycle Power Plant
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Abarghoee Sara , Halvani Gholam Hossein , Kargar-Shouroki Fatemeh , Mihanpour Hamideh , Madadizadeh Farzan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Exposure to the low frequency electric and magnetic fields (ELF-EMF) is very common in workers occupied in the combined cycle power plant during work shifts  The present study aimed to measure ELF-EMF flux density among shift and non-shift workers, determine job stress among workers and office workers, and identify major factors associated with job stress in the studied groups.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the exposed group was divided into 75 shift workers and 75 non-shift workers. Seventy-five office workers were selected as the reference group. The participants’ exposure to ELF-EMF was measured by the EMF-828 device. In addition, Osipow Occupational Stress Questionnaire was used to assess the participants’ stress levels.
Results: Maximum levels of ELF-EMF among shift workers, non-shift workers, and office workers were 28.67 μT, 23.43 μT, and 0.06 μT, respectively.  Although the explosion rate to ELF-EMF was higher in the shift and non-shift workers than the office one's, this rate in both of them were lower than the recommended limit as suggested by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). The highest stress score was related to shift workers exposed to ELF-EMF, in which 42.7% of them experienced moderate to high levels of job stress. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant association between shift work and exposure to ELF-EMF with increased stress.
Conclusion: The findings suggested that exposure to ELF-EMF, even at low intensities, is associated with increased stress. Moreover, Shift work is another risk factor for stress.
Investigation of Corrosion and Scaling Potential in Drinking Water in Rafsanjan, Iran
Authors: Eslami Hadi , Ayeneh Heidari Fatemeh , Salari Mahnaz , Esmaeili Abbas , Nassab Hosseini Abdolreza , Dolatabadi Maryam
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Corrosion and scaling are important factors affecting drinking water quality, causing health and economic problems. This study aimed to investigate the indicators of corrosion and scaling in Rafsanjan drinking water.
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in winter 2018 and spring 2019 in Rafsanjan. The 56 samples were randomly taken from the drinking water distribution and transmission networks. Physicochemical parameters, such as pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium hardness (CH), electrical conductivity (EC), and alkalinity were measured.  Finally, corrosion and scaling indices, including langelier index (LI), ryznar index (RI), aggressiveness index (AI), and Puckorius index (PI) were calculated and analyzed.
Results: The mean temperature, pH, CH, TH, TDS, alkalinity, and EC were 17.79 ± 0.80 °C, 8.08 ± 0.11, 56.34 ± 2.72 mg/L.CaCO3, 140.86 ± 6.81 mg/L.CaCO3, 530 ± 110 mg/L, 181.21 ± 13.65 mg/L, and 840 ± 180 µs/cm, respectively. The mean corrosion and scaling indices, including LI = 0.18 ± 0.12, RI = 7.72 ± 0.14, AI = 12.09 ± 0.11, and finally PI = 7.96 ± 0.10 were obtained.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained data, drinking water in the transmission and distribution network of Rafsanjan has scaling properties. Water scaling and deposition causes problems, such as blockage of water transmission and distribution pipes, reduction of flow rate and increase of pressure drop in the network, and finally increase of water facilities operation costs. Therefore, measures should be considered to control the scaling of water in this region.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Road Dust of Behbahan City, Iran: Distribution, Sources and Health Risks
Authors: Ghaedrahmat Zeinab , Almasi Halimeh , Akhbarizadeh Razegheh , Ahmadi Mehdi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Road dust is a group of solid particles that are presented in the urban areas and are originated from both natural and human-induced sources. This study aims to determine concentrations of heavy metals in urban dusts in Behbahan to identify their natural or anthropogenic sources.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 20 samples were collected from main roads with different land uses, including residential, industrial, and commercial areas in Behbahan city, Khuzestan province.
Results: The results of mineralogy identification showed that calcite, dolomite, quartz, albite, and gypsum were the most identified minerals in dust samples. In addition, heavy metals of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Pb, Sb, U, Cd, Hg, and Mo were investigated in the collected settled road dust. The results indicated that the level of heavy metals, such as Co and Sb in the places with high traffic load were much higher than other areas. The highest Igeo value for Pb, Cu, and Sb were 1.39, 2.19, 2.46, respectively, suggesting that Pb, Cu, and Sb in the road dust were originated from the anthropogenic sources. Moreover, the results demonstrated that road dust may pose serious health threats to humans (both adults and children).
Conclusion: In this study, the concentration of heavy metals in road dust of Behbahan was investigated. The concentration of heavy metals, such as Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Cr, Pb, U, and Fe in the road dust of the commercial section were much higher than other sections.
Biodecolourization of Azo Dye under Extreme Environmental Conditions via Klebsiella quasipneumoniae GT7: Mechanism and Efficiency
Authors: Karimzadeh Maryam , Bagheri Lotfabad Tayebe , Heydarinasab Amir , Yaghmaei Soheila
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Biodegradation of azo dyes under harsh environmental conditions has been of great interest for the treatment of colored effluents. The present study aims to evaluate Klebsiella quasipneumoniae GT7 for degrading azo dye Carmoisine under extreme pH conditions and high salinity.
Materials and Methods: The growth profiles of bacteria were compared under different conditions of salinity and pH, using the optical density and viability measurements. Kinetic patterns of decolourization by GT7 were investigated under different concentrations of NaCl and/or pH, through the spectrophotometry method. Moreover, thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to evaluate the biotransformation of Carmoisine into aromatic amines. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to analyze any morphological changes in bacteria under stress conditions.
Results: GT7 showed OD-based growth and sustainable viability under [NaCl] ≤ 15% and/or initial pH between 3-11. The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state explained the bacteria's survival under attenuated growth due to bacterial inefficiency to maintain cytoplasmic osmotic balance, vital turgor pressure, and pH homeostasis. Biodecolourization was accomplished during 48h, where Carmoisine was 50mg/l, [NaCl] ≤ 20%, and/or initial was pH 5-11. TLC, OD600nm and pH measurements as well as visual observation of bacterial pellets at the end of the decolourization confirmed biodegradation as the dominant mechanism, except for pH 3, where dye was removed via adsorption to the cell surface. SEM showed morphological alteration of GT7 from rod to coccoid shape as an approach to resist the harsh conditions ratio.
Conclusion: GT7 is shown as an efficient strain for azo dye degradation in harsh environmental conditions.
Degradation of High-Concentration of Perchloroethylene from Aqueous Solution Using Electro-Fenton Process
Authors: Dolatabadi Maryam , Ghorbanian Akram , Ahmadzadeh Saeid
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Perchloroethylene (PCE) is one of the most well-known chlorinated organic compounds recently detected in aqueous environments. The presence of PCE in aquatic ecosystems has caused many health problems and environmental challenges. Therefore, its removal and treatment from aqueous environments are essential.
Materials and Methods: The electro-Fenton (EF) process was carried out in a cylindrical reactor containing 250 mL contaminated water with PCE. The effects of parameters, including solution pH (3-12), current density (2-10 mA cm-2), H2O2 concentration (20-70 µL H2O2 per 250 mL sample.), PCE concentration (5-50 mg L-1), and electrolysis time (1-15 min) on PCE degradation were investigated. The kinetics and radical’s scavenger of the EF process were examined to detect the exact mechanism of PCE degradation.
Results: The degradation of the PCE of 98.1% was obtained in the optimum condition, including solution pH of 5, the current density of 8 mA cm-2, H2O2 concentration of 50 µL per 250 mL sample, PCE concentration of 15 mg L-1, and electrolysis time of 10 min. The kinetics studies of the EF process indicated that the obtained results were in satisfactory agreement with the first-order model (R2 = 0.9858, Kapp = 0.2822). Also, the addition of ethanol and tertiary butanol caused an inhibiting effect.
Conclusion: The EF process was effectively applied to degrade PCE from polluted water as an efficient technique.  The obtained results indicated that the generation of •OH throughout the EF process was the key mechanism that controlled the EF process.
Experiences of Medical Residents and Faculty Members on Adhering to Professional Commitments and Training during Covid Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Taltamoor F , Javdani H , Allami A
Published: June 2022

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic era, adhering to professional commitments can be a major challenge. This study aims to document the experiences of medical residents and faculty members on the challenges of adhering to professional commitments during the COVID-19 pandemia and its impacts on clinical education.
Methods: This qualitative study (using a descriptive phenomenology and purposive sampling method) was conducted in 2020, comprising 14 participants (faculty members and infectious diseases residents of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences) to share their experiences on the challenges of strict adherence to professional behavior. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The transcribed interviews were analyzed based on the Colaizzi approach.
 Result: Ninety extracted primary codes are classified to two main areas: problems in adherence to professional commitments and the impact of COVID-19 pandemia on educational and research activities mandatory for professionalism. In the first area, the three main themes includes reducing effective patient-physician communication, non-maleficence and violating justice, and the second, two main themes includes a rise in non-professional behavior when dealing with patients (cutting down the quantity and quality of training, reducing supervision and decreased clinical engagement with patients) and a rise in non-professional behaviors in the research area.
Conclusion: The most important problem negatively affecting professional commitments during corona epidemy is role overload and the deterioration of physician-patient relationship. Due to the influence of role modeling on student professional behavior, it is helpful to include the training of related skills that can reduce the incidence of these problems in the clinical settings.
The Effect of Blended Learning on Teaching Applied Biostatistics for Postgraduate Medical Students
Authors: Shahsavari S , Jambarsang S
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Unlike the face-to-face courses offered on campus, online courses are predominantly asynchronous, where students basically decide when they can attend online courses. There is also an intermediate method referred to as blended learning (BL) that combines the merits of both methods. This study investigates the effect of blended learning on attitude and learning applied Biostatistics.
Methods: The students' comprehension levels and attitudes were measured for both groups. The face-to-face group is so designed as to include 16 weeks of two-hour sessions, one session weekly, in one semester. The blended-learning group is designed to receive in one semester 16 weeks of two-hour sessions, one session weekly, such that initially, the group receives four sessions of electronic educational content and then eight sessions of blended learning. The scores attitudes of students from either group were obtained after the final exam and via the university's course evaluation system. The final exam score of both groups based on the results of the student's Bachelor's degree was compared using ANCOVA in terms of either teaching methods.
Results: The numbers (proportions) of the participants attending Environmental Health, Waste Management, and Elderly Health courses were 14 (35%), 13 (32.5%), and 13 (32.5%), respectively. The mean (SD) of the scores for the blended-learning group with 18 participants was 16.69 (2.45), which was significantly higher than the score of 14.49 (2.67) for the face-to-face learning group with 22 participants (P = 0.013). Comparisons were made after adjusting the average on the bachelor's degree of both groups.
Conclusion: In addition to the improved score for the BL group, the attitudes differed. Therefore, this method is recommended for teaching Applied Biostatistics.
Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaire of Attitude on Educational Scholarship in Faculty Development Programs from the viewpoint of Faculty Members
Authors: Keshmiri F , Tabatabaee S.Sh
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the tool for evaluating attitudes toward educational scholarship from the perspective of faculty members in empowerment programs.
Method: The present study is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study, conducted at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. The Delphi technique was used to evaluate the content and face validity of the Persian version of the questionnaire of Jackson et al 2005. Exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire was performed for the first time. Internal Consistency test and reproducibility was calculated using Cronbach's alpha, ICC test, respectively.
Results: The results of content validity showed that all items of the questionnaire based on the Lawshe table had values greater than 49.0. Quantitative and qualitative validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the items were categorized into two categories: self-efficacy and motivation. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by the internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha = 0.93 and ICC = 0.89 of the questionnaire.
Conclusion: The results confirmed the validity of tool. Therefore this tool could be useful for the evaluation of supportive-educational programs to empower faculty members. In the present study, two factors of self-efficacy and motivation were identified that point to the importance of motivating faculty members that encourages them to start and continue educational research projects. The self-efficacy factor also increases people's belief in the ability to carry out educational research projects.
The Association between Medicine and Literature
Authors: Farnamian Y , Rasmi A
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The interrelationship between medical science and literature is undeniable; obviously, the Literature has been enriched with the views of those in the medical field, also masterpieces in the field of literature have been created by medical writers. Conversely, the medical profession owes much to those who, through literary skills, have succeeded in conveying certain ideas to the general public and carved in human ethics and virtues in this profession.
Methods: This study is based on literary masterpieces using a descriptive and analytical approach, investigating the influence of literature and medicine on each other.
Result: If literature is indebted to medical science, medical science is also influenced by literature, that is since the purpose of a literary work is to arouse sympathy in the reader or spectator, the design of a patient's suffering in a literary work evokes a passionate sympathy in the physician and especially compels or inspires the physician to take action on the patient's suffering that will be more effective if this empathy leads to compassion. In addition, the literature stimulates a sense of responsibility and commitment to fellow human beings and also plays an important role in regulating the patient's history and diagnosis and treatment of the disease by the physician.
Conclusion: Medical students, by reading the literature, in addition to finding skills in biography and diagnosis and treatment, learn commitment and empathy that will be impactful in reducing human suffering.
Chemistry and Biochemistry Training in Medical Sciences: The Need to Use Kinetic Schemas in Virtual Class
Authors: Keshavarz E , Ebrahimi Qavam S
Published: June 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Analysis of Interactive Application Development as a Tahfidz Al Quran Learning Strategy
Authors: Fauzi Ali , Fauziyah Yayuk , Churrahman Taufik
Published: June 2022

Hafidz al Quran is the desire of every Muslim. Many Islamic educational institutions ranging from elementary schools to universities are vying to make the lessons of tahfidz al Quran as a flagship program. Hafidz al Quran is not easy, many people fail, forget, are tired, lazy, and even desperate. This is because the learning process is less innovative, monotonous, boring, inefficient, and unattractive to students. The purpose of this research was to conduct a systematic literature review on developing interactive applications especially for the learning of tahfidz al Quran. Data were collected by reviewing all articles related to interactive applications published between 2015 and 2021. In total, 19 articles from national and international journal were selected from Google Scholar and lens.org. Interactive applications are software that contains text, images, sounds, animations, and videos. The software is packaged into apps that can be installed and operated on Android smartphones, laptops, and computers. The results of this study examined the need for software, design, movie clip, and testing. It was found that several selected studies had shown that the development of interactive applications in the form of software, design, movie clip, and testing can be used as a learning strategy for tahfidz al-Quran to improve memorization.
Keywords: interactive application, Tahfidz al Quran
Understanding Hadith on Nature Conservation: An Effort to Reinforce Ecological Piety
Authors: Noorhidayati Salamah , Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Ahmadi Imam
Published: June 2022

Natural disasters are a key issue of contemporary society and an inspiration for the emergence of new theories such as theories of eco-theology, eco Sufism, fiqh al-bi’ah, ecofeminism, biocentrism, and anthropocentrism. These theories were initiated to seek solutions to natural disasters. However, disasters and calamities continue to occur. One of the causes is the lack of human awareness of the importance of environmental conservation. This article formulates comprehensively the Prophet’s teachings on nature conservation with a focus on two questions: (1) What are the forms of nature conservation? and (2) What understanding can be derived from the teaching? Based on the linguistic analysis with the contextual approach, it is concluded that Islam has introduced the concept of nature conservation from the beginning including: (1) nature conservation phases in the forms of (a) maintenance, preservation, and processing of land and (b) protection and prevention and (2) understanding of these shapes leads to motivation and responsible elements in conservation programs to actualize ecological piety.
Keywords: ecotheology, fiqh al-bi’ah, hadith, conservation, understanding
The Effect of E-Service Quality and Brand Image on Customer Loyalty to Conventional Banks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sumartik Sumartik , Hariasih Misti , Indayani Lilik , Andriani Dewi
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of e-service quality and brand image on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable at conventional rural banks in East Java. These conventional rural banks are a part of the Perbarindo – a banking association of 215 rural banks. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling and data were analyzed using the PLS Wrap.5.0 software to inspect the outer and inner models. It was found that the e-service quality and the brand image had a significant direct effect of 39% and 41%, respectively, and a significant indirect effect of 57% and 53%, respectively, on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable, statistics >1.96, and P-values = 0.000 which is <0.05.
Keywords: e-service quality, brand image, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, rural credit bank
The Role of Burnout between Workload, Work Stress, and Employee Performance: Mediation Model
Authors: Purwanti Ika , Suyanto Umar Yeni , Dzikri Abadi Muhammad , Darianto Darianto , Liliana Dwi
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of burnout as a mediator between workload, work stress, and employee performance. The study was conducted on all employees of Puskesmas Tikung Lamongan amounting to 68 participants in total. Path analysis was used to test the hypothesised relationships. The results proved that burnout mediates the relationship between workload, work stress, and employee performance. The overall results implied that the balance of workload and prolonged work stress have an impact on burnout and decreased employee performance.
Keywords: employee performance, burnout, workload, work stress