bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meconium peritonitis in a preterm infant: a surgical emergency
Authors: Yadav Priyanka , Agarwal Ankit
Published: March 2021

Meconium peritonitis is sterile chemical peritonitis that occurs after intestinal perforation resulting in meconium leakage and subsequent inflammatory cascade within the peritoneal cavity. The clinical presentations after birth can range from completely sealed-off peritonitis without any symptoms, to severe peritonitis requiring emergency surgical intervention. We describe a case of meconium peritonitis in a premature infant following intestinal perforation. In the immediate postnatal period, the patient was intubated and a peritoneal drain was placed. Laparotomy with bowel resection was performed the following day. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged home in good clinical condition.
Christ Siemens Touraine syndrome: a rare entity
Authors: . Richa , Joshi Nishigandha , Mohan Namitha , Save Sushma
Published: March 2021

Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare entity with incidence of 1 in 1,00,000 births with male predominance. Most commonly it presents with appendageal abnormality with facial dysmorphism. The two most common types of ectodermal dysplasias are hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome) and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Clouston syndrome). Clinical recognition varies depending on severity of symptoms and associated complications. The prognosis is good after infancy if diagnosed early with appropriate management of complications. Here we present a case of eight-month-old female with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy in a female with x-autosome translocation
Authors: Sanadhya Anuradha , Jyani Ritvika , Goyal Suresh , Asora Neha , Gurjar Mukesh Kumar
Published: March 2021

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disease, which affects all races. Its classical characteristic clinical features being progressive muscular weakness, intellectual impairment and hypertrophy of the calves with proliferation of connective tissue and progressive fibrosis in muscles. As the disease is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait, thus females not manifesting the disease and acting as carriers only, as second X chromosome prevents the manifestation of disease. We report a case of classical Duchenne muscular dystrophy in 10 year old female with no intellectual deficit and no family history of similar type of muscular dystrophy.
Blood pressure profile in freshly detected alcohol dependence syndrome patients
Authors: Pasha M. M. , Dhillon Harpreet Singh , Yadav Bhupendra , Dalal Anil , Sasidharan Shibu
Published: March 2021

Background: Alcohol consumption and raised Blood pressure (BP) are among the top five risk factors responsible for the growing global non-communicable diseases (NCD) burden. The present study was undertaken to study the relation between alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) and hypertension and the effect of reduction in alcohol consumption on BP.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 02 years from 08 Oct 2016 to 02 Oct 2018. A total of fifty freshly diagnosed ADS patients with BP in the pre- hypertensive or hypertensive range after the withdrawal subsided, were recruited into the study. The study group was subjected to repeated BP measurements, serum Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) measurements and status of alcohol consumption at 03, 06, 09 and 12 monthly intervals. The data was analyzed with ANOVA, Post-hoc Bonferroni and Pearson’s correlation tests.Results: There was a statistically significant mean decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from the baseline till 03 months and between 03 months and 06 months of follow-up. The correlation between GGT levels and systolic and diastolic BP at different time intervals showed that there was a statistically non-significant weak positive correlation at baseline (r value=0.125) (p value= 0.38). During follow-up period there was a negative correlation between GGT and systolic BP at 12 months (r value= -0.40), which was statistically significant. The correlation between alcohol consumption and BP at different time intervals showed a moderate positive correlation at baseline with systolic BP(r value= 0.478), which was statistically significant.Conclusions: This study evaluated changes in blood pressure occurring during Alcohol dependence syndrome treatment. Observed decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were substantially accounted for by reductions in alcohol consumption and occurred largely in the first 03 months of treatment. There was no significant fall in systolic blood pressure between 06 months and 01-year duration of follow-up.
Transtornos Alimentares sob a Perspectiva da Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Bueno Lohanna Nolêto , Do Nascimento Nelson Alves
Published: March 2021

Resumo: o comportamento alimentar é adequado quando nutre o organismo para manutenção da vida. Quando não atende a essa função, depara-se com os chamados transtornos alimentares, os quais são entendidos pela Análise do Comportamento como comportamentos-problema. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir os transtornos alimentares como comportamentos controlados pelas consequências. Logo, o controle ocorrerá através da modificação comportamental e ambiental.

Palavras-chave: Transtornos Alimentares. Comportamento Alimentar como Operante. Modificação do Comportamento. Análise do Comportamento.
Inter-American Development Bank First Annual Report 1960
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: March 2021

The first Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1960.
Automated Teaching System “Sets” (Research for Organizing the 1st Part of the Project)
Authors: Rublev Vadim S. , Kondakov Maxim D.
Published: March 2021

The issues of building an automated learning system “Sets” which will allow students to master one of the important topics of the discipline “Discrete Mathematics” and to develop logical and mathematical thinking in this direction are studied. The corresponding topic of the 1st part of the project includes materials related to the concept of a set, operations on sets, algebra of sets, proofs of statements for sets, and the derivation of formulas for the number of set elements. The system is based on a construction of the statements proof editor for a set and of the formulas derivation editor for the number of set elements, both editors are to be used for teaching. The first of these allows students to split the original statement into a number of simpler statements, taken together equivalent to the original statement, to choose a method of proving each simple statement and to conduct their step-by-step proof. The second editor allows (using the inclusion-exclusion principle and the formula of the number of complement elements) to derive a step-by-step formula for the number of set elements through the specified numbers of elements for sets from which the resulting set is constructed. An important part of the system is to monitor the correctness of all actions of students, and on this basis the entire learning system is developed. The logical supervision over the correctness of the selected action in the first editor is performed by a Boolean function created by the system and corresponding to this action and by checking it for identical truth. In the second editor, invariants such as characteristic strings of the set and of its number of elements are used for verification. The rest of the system is related to learning of set algebra and to preparation to editors usage. The main focus here is on the learning strategy in which testing the understanding of the learned material is rather rigorous and eliminating the random choice of answers. The division of the material into sections with verification of the success of teaching not only by tests, but also by exercises and tasks, allows students to master the complex logical and mathematical techniques of proving statements for sets and derivation of formulas for the number of set elements.
The Nutrition of the Kyiv Theological Academy Students (1819–1869)
Authors: Yakusyk Tetiana
Published: March 2021

The article depicts the peculiarities of Kyiv Theological Academy students’ nutrition in the years of 1834–1863. The investigation uses documents from the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv. These are mainly monthly and annual economic reports which inform about the filling of the student’s menu during the year and logs of behavior, where the inspector recorded deviations from the rules by students. Archival documents help to illuminate aspects connected to the nutrition of students of Kyiv Theological Academy. The ego-documents of graduates, notes, instructions of rectors, economists, and inspectors of the educational institution are extremely important.Attention is paid to regulatory requirements on food that are in the “Statut” of the theological academies. The Nutrition of students in Kyiv Theological Academy depended on many aspects and did not remain stable during 1819–1869. The students could diversify their diet at their own expense. The student menu was considered, and an attempt was made to analyze the changes that occurred with the filling of the student menu during these years. Also the paper describes how the diet changed depending on the period of the liturgical year. The traditions of informal students’ meetings and the use of prohibited (alcohol) and permitted (tea) drinks by the students are considered.Special attention is paid to the question of the diet and nutrition value of products for students. Сalculations are approximate, but there are reasons to conclude that the food energy value was enough for the students’ nutrition in the Academy at least on ferias.
Tsiborovska-Rymarovych, Iryna. Drukarnia Berdychivskoho monastyria bosykh karmelitiv: istoriia ta vydavnycha diialnist. 1758–1844 (Kyiv: Akademperiodyka, 2019), 652 s., 28 s. il.
Authors: Yaremenko Maksym
Published: March 2021

Tsiborovska-Rymarovych, Iryna. Drukarnia Berdychivskoho monastyria bosykh karmelitiv: istoriia ta vydavnycha diialnist. 1758–1844 (Kyiv: Akademperiodyka, 2019), 652 s., 28 s. il.
Laws of the Book of Exodus through the Lenses of the Reader of the Ostrog Bible (after copy Kyr.4476p from the collections of Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine)
Authors: Bondar Nataliia , Vilkul Tetiana
Published: March 2021

The copy of the Ostrog Bible from the collections of Vernadsky National library of Ukraine (Kyr.4476p) contains a significant number of handwritten marginalia, representing an attempt of one of its readers to comment and translate biblical concepts from the Old Church Slavonic into the prosta mova. Especially interesting are his notes on the so-called Laws from the Book of Exodus with interpretations of legal formulas.Its owner was Ioanykii Seniutovych, abbot of St. Michael’s Golden-Domed Monastery (mentioned in 1710, 1713) and Archimandrite of Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (1715–1729). Though the intellectual heritage of this Kyiv hierarch has not attracted the attention of scholars so far, a collection of books he left behind, most of which are commentaries on the Holy Scriptures, is known. Lesser known is the fact that Seniutovych himself or someone from the persons close to him elaborated his copy of Ostrog Bible so that each page contained various traces of his (their) thoughtful reading. Systematic comparison of Cyrillic and much more rare Latin notes on the margins with the 16th century Catholic and Protestant editions of the Bible have brought an unexpected find. While on the whole the parallels have revealed the heavy impact of the Polish biblical translations, the main source for Ostrog Bible reader and commentator came to be the Krakow 1599 year edition of Jakub Wujek, which demonstrates literal coincidences of the texts. It seems that our reader has undertaken the difficult task of juxtaposing the Old Church Slavonic translation from the Greek Septuagint with the Polish translation from the Latin Vulgate. On the way of analyzing the texts he made both mistakes and correct conclusions regarding biblical semantics. Thus, the case study of just one fragment of this extremely interesting copy involves a lot of issues concerning the understanding of the Holy Scripture in Kyiv in the late 17th-18th centuries.
Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy and intention to take the vaccine
Authors: Cordina Maria , Lauri Mary A. , Lauri Josef
Published: March 2021

Background: The pandemic is at a paradoxical stage, with vaccine roll out initiated but a significantly elevated level of infection and death. Hope for recovery lies in high equitable vaccine uptake.

Objective: The study aimed to: i) explore attitudes and factors influencing attitudes, towards the COVID-19 vaccine amongst people living in Malta, ii) identify the reasons as to why individuals are unsure or unwilling to take the vaccine.

Methods: Two consecutive, short, anonymous online surveys using social media platforms were used to gather data from adult individuals. The first study was open to residents in Malta, while the second study invited international participation. Study 1 consisted of 17 questions inspired by the Theories of Planned Behaviour and Reasoned Action. Study 2 asked participates whether they were willing, unwilling or unsure of taking the vaccine and their reasons for being unsure or unwilling.

Results: A total of 2,529 individuals participated in Study 1 and 834 in Study 2. In both studies respondents were predominantly female having a tertiary education. Over 50% declared that they were willing to take the vaccine, with males being more willing (t=5.83, df=1164.2, p<0.00005). Opinions of significant others- family and friends (r=0.22, p<0.005) and health professionals (r=0.74, p<0.005) were associated with willingness to take the vaccine. Vaccine hesitancy was present in the study population with 32.6% being unsure and 15.6% declaring that they were not willing to take the vaccine. Females were more likely to be unsure (Chi-squared=14.63, df=4, p=0.006). Lack of vaccine safety was the main reason cited for unwillingness to take the vaccine. Predictors for willingness to take the vaccine were: i) The belief that the COVID-19 vaccine will protect the health of the people who take it; ii) Valuing the advice of health professionals regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine; iii) Having taken the influenza vaccine last year and; iv) Encouraging their elderly parents to take the vaccine.

Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination information campaigns should promote group strategies, focusing on emphasising the safety of the vaccine and offer reassurance, especially to women.
Responsibility for Non-medical Consumption of Narcotic Means and Psychotropic Substances
Authors:   главный редактор журнала «Наркоконтроль», Заслуженный юрист Российской Федерации, кандидат юридических наук, профессор (г. Москва), Fedorov А.V.
Published: March 2021

The article analyses the issues related to the establishment of criminal responsibility for non-medical consumption of narcotic means and psychotropic substances.
Definition of Drastic and Poisonous Substances as a Subject of Crime and Offence in the Russian Dispensatories of the XIX Century — Beginning of the XX Century
Authors:   главный редактор журнала «Наркоконтроль», кандидат юридических наук, профессор, Заслуженный юрист Российской Федерации (г. Москва), Fedorov A.V.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the issues related to definition in the Russian legislation of the XIX — beginning of the XX century of poisonous and drastic substances as a subject of crimes and offences.
Poppy Seeds — a Foodstuff or Drug?
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of “Narkokontrol’ — Drug Control” Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Meritorious Lawyer of the Russian Federation (Moscow), Fedorov Alexander V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the much-debated issue of whether it is appropriate to initiate criminal proceedings for actions with poppy seeds contaminated by particles of poppy straw and coagulated milky sap. It analyzes the point of view stated by Doctor of Law E.A. Lukyanova on this matter, provides an analysis of international treaties and Russian normative legal acts regulating trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and issues of combatting illicit trafficking therein.
THE INFLUENCES OF MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF THE MAGNETRON TARGETS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PHASE COMPOSITION OF Zr–Y-BASED ALLOY
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Nazarkin R.M. , Platitsin A.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Chabina E.B. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: March 2021

The Zr–Y-based alloy targets are used for spraying of heat-resisting ceramic coatings on the gas-turbine hot section components surface by the plasma-chemical deposition techniques. The comparative study of the microstructure and phase composition for target specimens, which manufactured by vacuum-induction melting or vacuum-arc melting, are performed. The patterns of change in a microstructure and a phase composition in the experimental Zr–Y-based alloy, depending of manufacturing technology are shown. The aspects which have led to transformation of microstructure and phase composition of VTsM-1 Zr–Y-based alloy at the change of the manufacturing technology of targets are detected.
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS ON THERMOPLASTICS (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Sorokin A.E. , Sagomonova V.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Petrova A.P. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Solovyanchik L.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: March 2021

Various technologies for the production of prepregs based on a thermoplastic matrix and composite materials based on them are considered. Their advantages over the technologies of manufacturing polymer composite materials based on a thermosetting matrix are presented. It is shown that the use of melt technology allows the production of fiberglass with the highest level of strength characteristics. An algorithm for estimating residual stresses in a thermoplastic composite to optimize the technological process of producing complex products is described.
The effect of serous inflammation in the mucous membrane of the middle ear on the morphological and functional results of tympanoplasty
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University,  Krasnodar, 350063, Russia, Semenov F. V. , Misyurina Yu. V. ,   Kuban State Medical University,  Krasnodar, 350063, Russia
Published: March 2021

A comparative analysis of the results of a separate atticoantrotomy with tympanoplasty of type I in patients with serous mucositis (moderately thickened and edematous mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity with serous-mucous discharge, n = 59) and patients with intact mucous membrane (n = 48) was performed. The functional outcome of surgical treatment was evaluated using tonal threshold audiometry by calculating the average value of the air-bone gap (ABG) in the speech frequency range after 3 and 12 months. The condition of the graft (the presence or absence of perforation of the neo tympanic membrane) was determined by otomicroscopy 12 months after surgery. Hearing improvement was observed in patients in both groups: the air-bone gap after 12 months in the speech frequency zone was 13.5 ± 5.1 dB in the patients of the main group and 15 ± 5.0 dB in the control patients. The absence of perforation of the neo tympanic membrane 12 months after surgery was observed in all patients. The results obtained in this study suggest that the phenomena of serous mucositis in the form of edema of the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity and serous-mucous discharge do not significantly affect the morphological and functional results of tympanoplasty in patients with a tubo-tympanic form of chronic otitis media.
ALÉM FRONTEIRAS: migração na América Latina e o despertar de discursos de ódio
Authors: Cordazzo Karine , Queder Carolina Nogueira
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o fluxo migratório, com foco no Brasil e sua estreita relação com o despertar de discursos de ódio e discriminação. Nesse contexto, será evidenciado como o papel do refugiado na sociedadecontemporânea ganha destaque, sobretudo pela quantidade de pessoas desprovidas de lar, assim como, pela existência – ou inexistência – de políticas públicas para acolher aqueles que buscam abrigo. O artigo utiliza, para tanto, a pesquisa bibliográfica agregada ao levantamento de dados e também a análise de caso concreto, como forma apta a evidenciar os aspectos fundantes da questão migratória no Brasil, notadamente com ênfase na problemática da entrada imoderada de venezuelanos neste país através do estado de Roraima e também pela análise da Ação Civil Ordinária 3121, proposta por políticos roraimenses no Supremo Tribunal Federal, com notória retórica xenofóbica como embasamento da demanda.Palavras-chave: Imigração. Segregação espacial. Discursos de ódio.BEYOND BORDERS: venezuelan immigration and the awakening of hate speech in BrazilAbstractThe aim of this article is to reflect on the migratory flow, focusing on Brazil and its close relationship with the awakening of hate speech and discrimination. In this context, it will be evident how the role of the refugee in contemporary society is highlighted, especially by the number of people without a home, as well as by the existence - or non-existence - of public policies to welcome those who seek shelter. The bibliographic research added to the data collection is used for this purpose, as well as the analysis of a specific case, as a way to highlight the fundamental aspects of the migratory issue in Brazil, notably with emphasis on the problem of the immoderate entry of Venezuelans into this country through the state of Roraima and also for the analysis of Ordinary Civil Action 3121, proposed by Roraima politicians in the Federal Supreme Court, withnotorious xenophobic rhetoric as a basis for the demand.Keywords: Immigration. Spatial segregation. Hate speeches.
ÍNDICE DE EFETIVIDADES DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR PARA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO SUDOESTE PAULISTA
Authors: Cardozo Daiane Roncato , Paulillo Luiz Fernando de Orianni e , Almeida Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo , Moralles Herick Fernando
Published: March 2021

O trabalho tem objetivo de avançar na construção de um novo índice de efetividades de políticas públicas (EPP) de segurança alimentar (SA) para agricultores familiares da região sudoeste paulista. Foi utilizada a técnica de análise fatorial a partir de um conjunto de variáveis com aderência teórica e metodológica à SA dos agricultores familiares, pressupondo que a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA) possui limitações analíticas. Constata que uma elevação de 1% no EPP acarreta um aumento de aproximadamente 0,51% no índice de SA para a agricultura familiar; e 1% na renda total eleva em 0,26% o indicador de SA. Conclui que de forma similar, os indivíduos com acesso ao mercado institucional possuem um nível de SA 15% acima da média. A aplicação e a análise do índice UFSCar mostraram que também é possível comparar impactos para agricultores familiares de outras regiões no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento territorial. Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. Políticas públicas. Renda agrícola. Análise fatorial ortogonal.INDEX OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICIES OF FOOD SECURITY FOR FAMILY FARMING IN SOUTHWEST OF SÃO PAULOAbstractThe work aims to advance the construction of a new index of public policies effectiveness (PPE) food security(FS) for family farmers in the southwest region of São Paulo. The factor analysis technique was used from a set of variables with theoretical and methodological adherence to the FS of family farmers, assuming that the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale(BFIS) has analytical limitations. Notes that a 1% increase in the PPE leads to an increase of approximately 0.51% in the FS to family farming; and 1% in total income increases 0,26% the FS indicator. It concludes that similarly, individuals with access to theinstitutional market have an FS level 15% above the average. The application and analysis of the UFSCar index showed that it is also possible to compare impacts for family farmers from other regions in Brazil.Keywords: Territorial development. Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Public policies. Agricultural income. Orthogonal factorial analysis.
PROEJA E As REPERCUSSÕES SOBRE A ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DE BENEFICIÁRIOS
Authors: Portela Edinolia Lima
Published: March 2021

Pesquisa social de natureza avaliativa baseada em informações qualitativas e quantitativas. Estuda o Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos - Proeja, desenvolvido pelo Instituto Federal do Maranhão (Ifma/ Campus Maracanã), entre os anos 2015/2017, com o objetivo deavaliar as implicações do programa na vida dos egressos, focalizando a continuação dos seus estudos. Fundamenta-se à luz do pensamento de Minayo (1991), Sposito (2005) e Arendt (2009). Além disso, debruça-se sobre as orientações do documento que baliza o Proeja. Participaram da pesquisa 79 egressos e utilizaram-se, como instrumentais de pesquisa, aentrevista aberta e o questionário. Os resultados revelam que, a despeito das inúmeras variáveis contextuais, o Proeja contribuiu para o prosseguimento dos estudos dos egressos.Palavras-chave: Egressos do Proeja. Problemática de jovens e adultos trabalhadores. Resultado de programas educativos. Jovens e adultos e escolarização.PROEJA AND THE REPERCUSSIONS ON THE SCHOOLING OF BENEFICIARIESAbstractSocial research of an evaluative nature, based on qualitative and quantitative information. It studies the National Program for the Integration of Professional Education with Basic Education in the Youth and Adult Education Mode -Proeja, developed by the Federal Institute of Maranhão (Ifma) - Campus Maracanã, between the years 2015/2017, with the objective of evaluatingthe implications of the program in the life of the egresses., focusing on the continuation of their studies. It is based on the thought of Minayo (1991); Sposito (2005) and Arendt (2009). In addition, it focuses on the guidelines of the Document that guides Proeja. 79 graduates participated and the open interview and the questionnaire were used as research tools. The results of the research reveal that, in spite of the innumerable contextual variables, Proeja contributed to the continuation of the studies of the graduates.Keywords: Graduates of Proeja. Issues of young and adult workers. Result of educational programs. Youth and adults and schooling.
DOSSIÊ: IMPACTOS E REPERCUSSÕES SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DE EMPREENDIMENTOS NA PAN-AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Rocha Gilberto de Miranda
Published: March 2021

Com o presente editorial, lançamos o volume 06 da InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade. Esta edição, organizada na forma de um dossiê, contribui para a análise dos impactos e das repercussões socioambientais da implantação de grandes projetos de investimentos (GPI) na Pan-Amazônia. Contempla uma diversidade de temas e variedade de abordagens presentes na ciência geográfica e em suas interfaces interdisciplinares. Ao tratarmos da referida temática, de forma especial, procuramos, identificar traços perenes nas faces dos modelos e estilos de desenvolvimento regional induzidos pelas políticas e ações públicas do estado brasileiro na sucessão histórica dos últimos 40 anos na Amazônia brasileira.
EFEITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DA HIDRELÉTRICA DE TUCURUÍ EM AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violação de direitos, conflitos e recomposição territorial
Authors: Simões Aquiles , Benassuly Matheus
Published: March 2021

SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE TUCURUÍ HYDROELECTRIC PLANT IN AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violation of rights, conflicts and territorial recompositionIMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX DU BARRAGE DE TUCURUÍ À AÇAIZAL, BAIÃO-PA: violation des droits, conflits et recomposition territorialeRESUMOObjetiva-se demonstrar como os efeitos decorrentes da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí incidem sobre o modo de vida ribeirinho, em uma comunidade de pescadores estabelecidos à jusante da barragem, no município de Baião-PA. Os pescadores exprimem, à sua maneira, a necessidade de reparação dos direitos que vêm sendo violados pela ação da Hidrelétrica. Com base no método compreensivo foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e reuniões para o diálogo crítico com os pescadores. Conclui-se que os efeitos socioambientais provocados pela construção da barragem incidem diretamente sobre os direitos humanos, instituem conflitos e ameaçam a manutenção dos modos de reprodução dos ribeirinhos, traduzindo-se em processos de desterritorialização e reterritorialização.Palavras-chave: Baixo Tocantins; Pescadores; Flechação; Deslocamento.ABSTRACTThe goal is to demonstrate how the effects of the construction of Tucuruí Hydro Plant focus on riversides livehood, in a community of fishermen established downstream of the dam, in Baião-PA. The fishermen express, by his own way, need to repair violated rights by the Plant activity. By the comprehensive method, we did semi-estructurated enterviews and some meetings to critic dialogue with the fishermen. The conclusion is wich the socio-environment effects from the dam building focus on the human rights, found conflicts and menace the maintenance of the riverside reproduction ways, traducing in the deterritorialization and reterritorialization processes.Keywords: Baixo Tocantins; Fishermen; Flechação; Displacement. RÉSUMÉL'objectif est de démontrer comment les effets résultant de la construction de l'hydroélectrique de Tucuruí affectent le mode de vie riverain, dans une communauté de pêcheurs établie en aval du barrage, dans la municipalité de Baião-PA. Les pêcheurs expriment, à leur manière, la nécessité de réparer les droits qui ont été violés par l'action de l'hydroélectrique. Soutenu par la démarche compréhensive, des entretiens semi-structurés et des réunions ont été organisés pour un dialogue critique avec les pêcheurs. Il est conclu que les effets socio-environnementaux causés par la construction du barrage affectent directement les droits de l'homme, instituent des conflits et menacent le maintien des modes de reproduction riverain, se traduisant par des processus de déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation.Mots-clés: Baixo Tocantins; Pêcheurs; Flechação; Déplacement.
MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF VARIOUS ORGANS OF PIGEONS WITH SYMPTOMP OF TORTICOLLIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS BASED ON AGAR GEL PRECIPITATION TEST
Authors: Dewandaru Risang Aji , Santoso Ferdinand Prayogo Cahyo , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Wibowo Michael Haryadi
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to determine the microscopic conditions of organs of pigeons that suffered from torticollis and identify the cause of disease in torticollis pigeons. Three pigeons showed torticollis symptoms were obtained as sample and marked as pigeon A, B and C, respectively. Isolation of pathogen with inoculation into embryonated pigeon eggs obtained from parents with no history of vaccination and not indicated ND. Identification of ND with agar gel precipitation (AGP) test. Observation of microscopical changes with histopathologic preparation using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histopathological examination showed that pigeons was done severe neuritis vagus, trakheitis, pneumonia, air sacculitis, hepatitis, pankreatitis, nefritis, jejunoileitis, ileocolitis and orchitis. Perivascular cuffing found in brain. Degenerative changes found in the hepar and ren. Cardiac severe necrotic lesion, and depletion in white pulp area of spleen. Proventricular tissue showed flattening of mucosal epithelium, congestion lesions found in pulmonary tissue. The results of slow hemagglutination test of pigeon egg allantoic fluid, which tested for hemagglutination (HA) showed positive HA result with titers varying between 2, 32, and 64. Serological identification carried out with the AGP test on all culture samples against ND antiserum showing positive results of ND virus. Based on these dara, it can be concluded that the pigeons with symptoms of torticollis is caused by ND virus.
THE RISK FACTORS OF REPEAT BREEDING ON BEEF CATTLE IN LICIN SUBDISTRICT, BANYUWANGI REGENCY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Damayanti Putri Nurmalia , Sardjito Trilas , Prastiya Ragil Angga
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, beef cattle farms in Licin Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency have problems in providing beef demand because the less of productivity. This problems occured due to the repeat breeding case and decrease the efficiency and productivity of livestock. It suspected because of the lack of hygine and sanitation from farmers and inseminator. This study aimed to correlate the factors and cases of repeat breeding on beef cattle in Licin Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency. It was a descriptive study which used 69 cow with simple random sampling method. Primary data was obtained from direct observation of livestock, then continued with interviewing farmers using in-depth study system. While secondary data is obtained from the records of inseminator. It included the term of farming, farmer’s ability to detect estrus cycle, housing and the feeding of beef cattle. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistic, then processed by using SPSS 22.0. Chi Square Test (X2) was used to determine the relation between the causal factors and repeat breeding. The results of this study indicate the prevalence of repeat breeding in Licin Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency by 64%. All the factors such as the term of farming, farmer’s ability to detect estrus cycle, and feeding of beef cattle are correlated with the incidence of repeat breeding.
BLACK AND RED ONCOM EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION LENGTHEN ESTROUS CYCLE AND THICKEN ENDOMETRIUM OF WHITE RATS
Authors: Aini Hanifah Alshofa Nurul , Laksmi Desak Nyoman Dewi Indira , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka , Purbantoro Steven Dwi
Published: March 2021

hytoestrogens are active compounds, derived from plants, which have a similar structure and function as estrogen. Phytoestrogens are commonly found in legumes. Oncom, which is assumed containing phytoestrogens, is one of the most famous legumes food from Indonesia and widely consumed daily in West Java. This study was aimed to determine the effect of oncom extract on estrous cycle, endometrium thickness, and the number of antral follicles in productive age rats (Rattus novergicus). This experimental study was using 21 three-to-four-month-old fertile female rats and divided into three groups. Group I (K) was considered as a control group without any treatment. Group II and III were treatment groups which were given black (H) and red (M) oncom extracts 0.005 g/g body weight, respectively, orally with a feeding tube for 14 days. The length of the estrous cycle was measured by performing vaginal swab with interval 12 hours after first treatment was given and during the treatment. Endometrium thickness and the number of antral follicles were measured by collecting the organs uterus and ovary for histological purpose with paraffin method after rats were euthanized post-treatment oncom extracts for 14 days. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and continued with LSD test. The total length of estrous cycle of control group, black oncom extract group, and red oncom extract group was 107,43±3,16 hours, 141,43±15,36 hours, and 161,14±17,10 hours, respectively. The mean of endometrium thickness of control group, black oncom extract group, and red oncom extract group was 346,945±65,88 ?m, 485,740±86,69 ?m, and 533,904±78,93 ?m, respectively. The number of antral follicles of control group, black oncom extract group, and red oncom extract group was 6,00±1,54, 8,43±2,99, and 9,14±2,72, respectively. Results showed that black and red oncom extracts had a significant effect on the length of estrous cycle and endometrium thickness in rats, yet there is no significant difference in the number of antral follicles. In summary, black and red oncom extracts had effects on the length of estrous cycle and endometrium thickness, yet there was no effect on the number of antral follicles.
PROFILES OF TOTAL LEUCOCYTES AND NETROPHILES LYMPHOCYTES RATIO IN PREGNANT ETAWAH CROSSBRED GOATS
Authors: Widhyari Sus Derthi , Widodo Setyo , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh , Esfandiari Anita , Choliq Chusnul
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to determine the profiles of total leukocytes and neutrophil -lymphocyte ratio (N/L) in pregnant etawah crossbreed goats. Six etawah crossbreed goats around 3-6 years old and body weight around 30-50 kg were used in this study. Blood samples were taken from jugulars vein in non pregnant (K), and at gestational age 12, 14, 16 and 18 weeks. Blood is inserted into a tube that contains EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) anticoagulant to obtain whole blood. Whole blood were analyzed to total leukocyte cells and leukocyte types. The results showed that total leukocytes profiles tend to increase during pregnancy. Lymphocytes stable until 16 weeks of pregnancy and tends to decrease at the end of pregnancy. The N/L ratio increase at the end of pregnancy, this condition indicates an increase in the number of neutrophils accompanied by decreased lymphocyte cells and can be found in etawah crossbreed at 18 weeks of gestation.
ANTIOXIDANT QUALITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIED MATOA (POMETIA PINNATA) PEELS
Authors: Andriani Mira , Nahrowi Nahrowi , Jayanegara Anuraga , Mutia Rita , Syahniar Theo Mahiseta
Published: March 2021

This study was aimed to examine the influence of drying temperature on phytochemical compounds and chemical characteristic of matoa (Pometia pinnata) peels. This study used a completely randomized design with the drying temperature treatments which was divided into P0 = freeze drying (control), P1 = 50Ë%C, P2 = 60Ë%C, and P3 = 70Ë%C, each treatment was dried for 48 hours. Variables observed were phytochemical compounds, water content, ashes content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, IC50, malondialdehide/MDA and phenol. This study used analysis of variance followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test when the results showed significance dierence. It was calculated through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0. The results showed that the drying temperature influenced water content and IC 50. The phytochemical compounds of matoa peels were observed through qualitative screening included flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The best results on the drying treatment of matoa peels was P1 (50Ë%C) which presented 9.47±0.14% water content, 3.74±0.07% ashes content, 4.89±0.03% crude protein, 0.46±0.04% crude fat, 34.42±2.16% crude fiber, 30.92±10.25 IC50, 12.85±1.49 mg/g MDA, and 0.85±0.23% phenol.
PATHOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF BALI CATTLE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM INFECTED WITH FASCIOLA GIGANTICA
Authors: Winaya Ida Bagus Oka , Adi Anak Agung Ayu Mirah , Berata I Ketut , Kardena I Made , Adnyana Ida Bagus Windia , Suardana Ida Bagus Kade
Published: March 2021

Liver fluke infections is an important parasitic disease that common attack cattle, buffalo and others ruminant. The disease in the tropics is caused by Fasciola gigantica trematodes. Fasciolosis found in Bali cattle besides causing high economic loss also has the opportunity infect humans. This study aims to determine the pathology changes of Bali cattle hepatobiliary system infected by F. gigantica. In January 2019 were examined a hundred of liver tissue Bali cattle. Based on the sex as many as 75 bali cattle are cows and 25 are bulls. On macroscopic examination was found fifteen bali cattles in gallbladder containing of F. gigantica. In positive Fasciolosis the surface of liver look uneven with enlargement of lymph nodes. The tissue of Bali cattle liver infected with F. gigantica is cut into 1x1x1 cm and put in a pot that has been filled with 10% neutral buffered formaline. The fixed tissue then processed in a tissue processor and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Microscopic examination was found bile ducts proliferation and blocked of the lumen accompanied by cholangio cirrhosis. Found longitudinal pieces of Fasciola gigantica liver fluke surrounded by fibrous connective tissue and multifocal coagulative necrosis with fibroblast proliferation. In some location the infiltration of neutrophil cells around the bile ducts can also be seen. Congestion, bleeding, and neutrophil infiltration are also seen in areas of necrosis. In the bile duct wall bleeding, adenomatus hyperplasia, infiltration of mononuclear cells with mild intensity and foci of calcification are found. It can be concluded that there was a change with severe intensity accompanied by chronic inflammation in the hepatobiliary system of Bali cattle with Fasciolosis.
MANAJEMEN RISIKO KEHILANGAN PANEN EDAMAME (Glycine max (L) Merr.) DI PT. MITRATANI DUA TUJUH, JEMBER
Authors: Wibowo Yuli , Amilia Winda , Karismasari Dyah Rizki
Published: March 2021

Post-harvest loss is a risk that can be faced by almost all agricultural commodities, including edamame. Post-harvest loss can be a potential loss for farming. This study aims to identify the risk of edamame post-harvest loss at PT. Mitra Tani Dua Tujuh Jember, as well as formulating its control strategy. This study uses the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method to analyze the risk of post-harvest loss, integrated with the fishbone diagram to identify the risk causes. To formulate a risk control strategy used the Analytical Hierarchy Process method, which refers to the Pugh method to determine the strategic concept. The results showed that the most critical risks that need serious attention in edamame production are the emergence of pests and diseases. Pests and diseases that attack edamame plants have a high impact severity. Pests and diseases quite often attack edamame plants, and their presence is difficult to detect. The appropriate strategy for controlling pests and diseases in edamame is vegetable pesticides. The use of vegetable pesticides is easier, more efficient, cheaper, more effective, and easier to obtain than chemical pesticides.

Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, edamame, failure mode and effect analysis, post-harvest loss, risk management
Kurdish studies in Russia in the early 20th century
Authors: Bijan Amanj N.B.
Published: March 2021

We consider the history of studying the history of Kurds in Russia in the early 20th century. The plans of cooperation between the Russians and Kurds against the Ottoman Empire are analyzed. We consider the socio-political and research activities of Russian politicians and scientists in the framework of solving the Kurdish issue. Research on Kurdistan, which began in the 19th century, continued and developed in Russia. Along with military and strategic studies, there were studies of Kurdish clans and Kurdish society. In addition to Russian scientists, Russian diplomats also contributed to the development of Kurdish studies. Before World War I, Russia tried to establish consulates and shopping centers in Kurdish cities. In the early of 20th century in Russia, Kurdish studies were developing rapidly, which was due to both the international situation and the activity of well-trained specialists-orientalists. Often they, like V.F. Minorsky and I.A. Orbeli, combined official (diplomatic) and research activities. Active role in the formation and development of Kurdish studies played N.I. Marr and A.S. Shamilov, who had no formal linguistic education and has been at the epicenter of political processes in the Soviet historiography and linguistics (repression, criticism of “marisma”). Despite the complex political processes of the early 20th cen-tury, it was during this period that the main ideas about Kurdish history and the Kurdish language were formed, and the main scientific schools were formed, which were developed after 1945.
The influence of the First World War on the social and economic position of Vienna in 1914–1916
Authors: Nadirov Rashid A.
Published: March 2021

The influence of the First World War on the social and economic position of Vienna, the capital of the dualistic Austro-Hungarian Empire in the first two years of the war, is considered. It was during these two years that there was an increase in contradictions between various social groups, which would ultimately lead to the collapse of the Empire in 1918. One of the important sources when analyzing the situation in Vienna is the weekly police reports. It is by studying the materials of police reports that a picture of wartime Vienna appears in front of us. As the problems grew, the volume of reports constantly increased, new headings appeared, which made it possible to study not only the existence of problems in the capital of Austria-Hungary, but also to trace their dynamics and the measures taken by the government of Franz Joseph. A special role is given to the food problem, in particular, the dynamics of prices, the deterioration of the quality of bread, the growing shortage, the growth of speculation. In addition, the national relations and the attitude of the Viennese towards the arriving refugees were analyzed. Based on the material studied, it was concluded that the First World War greatly changed the life of the population of Vienna, showed the inability of the government and local authorities to quickly solve the emerging problems of the city.
The problem of teaching communicative tactics in English-language professional discourse
Authors: Andreeva Svetlana S.
Published: March 2021

The work discusses the problem of teaching students of civil engineering departments English-language civil engineering discourse, in particular, communicative tactics of this type of discourse. We substantiate the need to form students’ skills in using the communicative tactics applied in civil engineering discourse in professional communication. We give an overview of com-municative tactics of written discourse used by the authors of English-language documentation in civil engineering professional field. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of students’ skills in using communicative tactics in a foreign language professional written speech. Theoretical and practical research showed that in a modern technical university, insufficient attention is paid to teaching students this component of professional discourse. At the same time, the level of students’ skills to use communicative tactics in professional communication is quite low, which led us to the conclusion that it is of paramount importance to include this component in the pro-gram of teaching a foreign language in a professional field. The results of the will serve as the ba-sis for the development of a methodic model of teaching civil engineering students the communic-ative tactics of professional civil engineering discourse.