bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retinal pigment epithelium lipid metabolic demands and therapeutic restoration
Authors: Nolan Nicholas D. , Jenny Laura A. , Wang Nan-Kai , Tsang Stephen H.
Published: August 2021

One of the defining features of the retina is the tight metabolic coupling between cells such as photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This necessitates the compartmentalization and proper substrate availability required for specialized processes such as photo-transduction. Glucose metabolism is preferential in many human cell types for adenosine triphosphate generation, yet fatty acid β-oxidation generates essential fuel for RPE. Here, we provide a brief overview of metabolic demands in both the healthy and dystrophic RPE with an emphasis on fatty acid oxidation. We outline therapies aimed at renormalizing this metabolism and explore future avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden in Older People Over Acute Admission
Authors: Rice Shannon D. , Kim Nina , Farris Charlotte
Published: August 2021

Objective To evaluate the change of geriatric anticholinergic cognitive burden (ACB) over acute admission for fall, fracture, or altered mental status (AMS) with a secondary endpoint of associated 30-day all-cause readmission. Design Retrospective, single-center
chart review. Setting An academic, 636-bed level-I trauma and tertiary care hospital in Texas. Patients, Participants Participants at least 65 years of age admitted for acute fall, fracture, or AMS between January 1, 2014, and August 31, 2018. A total
of 265 participants were included; average age was 83 years, with 56% female. Main Outcome Measures Change in ACB of home medications from hospital admission to discharge. Results At admission, ACB averaged 2.6 with 43.4% of participants having clinically
significant scores, defined as ACB greater than or equal to 3. Overall, ACB decreased by 0.1 by discharge with 63.8% and 13.9% of participants having no change and increases in their ACB over admission, respectively. Clinically significant anticholinergic burden at discharge was significantly
associated with 30-day all-cause readmission (P<0.001). Conclusions Anticholinergic burden in older people admitted for fall, fracture, or AMS is not consistently intervened upon in this acute care setting. Strategies to optimize deprescribing in this setting are needed.
New Drugs
Authors: Gettman Lana
Published: August 2021

The manuscript contains description of three new medications (vericiguat, tepotinib, tivozanib) which were approved by the US Federal Drug Administration in 2021 and can be used in older populations.
The Impact of Opioid Safety Edits on Opioid Utilization
Authors: Rosario Tiffany Del , Colombo Molly , Brailsford Marisa , Jhawar Sharon , Batra Romilla
Published: August 2021

Objective To evaluate the impact of opioid safety edits on opioid utilization. Design Retrospective review. Setting Senior Care Action Network (SCAN) Health Plan, a Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plan. Patients, Participants
The opioid safety edits reviewed included edits for the following: initial opioid fill more than 7 days’ supply (DS), cumulative opioid doses 90 or greater and 240 or greater morphine milligram equivalent (MME), concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine (COB) use. Members with prescription
drug claims meeting these criteria pre- and postedit implementation and those with prescription drug claim rejections resulting from the edits were included in the review. Results 15,232 members experienced claim rejections resulting from the edits. Comparison of utilization
pre and postedit implementation revealed the following results (P < 0.001): 41% decrease in the proportion of members with an initial opioid fill for more than 7 DS; 18% decrease in the proportion of members on opioid doses 90 MME or more; 26% decrease in the proportion of members
on opioid doses 240 MME or more; 18% decrease in the proportion of members with COB. Conclusion Opioid safety edits are an effective way to combat overuse and misuse. They serve as a means for increasing collaboration between plans, prescribers, pharmacists, and members
which improves care coordination, reduces adverse risks, and helps keep members safe.
Older Patients’ Perceptions of Medicines and Willingness to Deprescribe
Authors: Arnoldussen Denise L. , Keijsers Karen , Drinkwaard Judith , Knol Wilma , van Marum Rob J.
Published: August 2021

Introduction Major barriers in deprescribing are the ambivalence of patients, resistance to change, and poor acceptance of alternative treatments. Objective To investigate older patients’ beliefs, understanding and knowledge, satisfaction with medicine
use, health outcome priorities, their attitude toward deprescribing, and to identify associated patient factors. Methods This multi-center cross-sectional, semistructured survey study involved older outpatients (70 years of age and older) with polypharmacy. The survey comprised
three validated questionnaires: Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing questionnaire, and the Health Outcome Prioritization tool, with additional questions about understanding and satisfaction. The association between questionnaire outcomes and
patient characteristics was investigated. Results Fifty participants were included; they used an average of 9 (+/- SD 2.7) medicines. For most participants (82%), the necessity of using medicines outweighed their concerns. Participants could name 35% of their medicines
and 43% of the indications. Overall, 76% were satisfied with the effect of their medicines, but 94% would be willing to stop their medication if advised by their doctor. Maintaining independence (46%) and reducing pain (31%) were the most important health outcome priorities reported by the
patients; staying alive had the lowest priority (51%). Participants with higher levels of educational attainment had better knowledge and had more concerns about harmful effects. Conclusions Patients are open to deprescribing but would probably not initiate the conversation
themselves because they are generally very satisfied with their medicines. Knowledge about their medicines and their indications is poor. If doctors initiate deprescribing, patients are probably willing to follow their advice. Patients’ life priorities should be discussed in deprescribing
conversations.
Критерии максимальной нелинейности функции над конечным полем
Authors: Ryabov Vladimir Gennadievich
Published: August 2021

Функция от $n$ переменных над полем из $q$ элементов называется максимально нелинейной, если она обладает наибольшей нелинейностью среди всех таких функций. Получены критерии и необходимые условия максимальной нелинейности. Из них следует, что при четных значениях $n$ максимально нелинейные функции является бент-функциями, однако при $q>2$ известные семейства бент-функций не являются максимально-нелинейными. Для произвольного конечного поля найдена связь расстояний Хэмминга от функции до всех аффинных отображений со спектрами Фурье нетривиальных характеров функции.
Континуальность классов функций многозначной логики с минимальным логарифмическим темпом роста
Authors: Komkov Stepan Alekseevich
Published: August 2021

Показано, что в многозначной логике существуют континуальное семейство попарно не сравнимых замкнутых классов функций с минимальным логарифмическим темпом роста и континуальная цепочка вложенных замкнутых классов функций с минимальным логарифмическим темпом роста. Отсюда выводится, что в любом классе сохранения подмножества существуют континуальная цепочка вложений и континуальное семейство таких попарно не сравнимых замкнутых классов функций, что ни один из них не вкладывается целиком ни в какой другой предполный класс.
Tác động của vốn con người đến phát triển tài chính ở Việt Nam
Authors: Hà Nguyễn Minh , Hiễn Nguyễn Đăng
Published: August 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu tác động của vốn con người đến phát triển tài chính ở Việt Nam giai đoạn 1990-2018. Vốn con người được đo lường thông qua tỷ lệ nhập học tiểu học, sức khỏe của lao động, dân số lao động và biến kiểm soát thu nhập bình quân đầu người. Phát triển tài chính được đo lường thông qua tỷ lệ tín dụng nội địa cung cấp cho khu vực tư nhân. Nghiên cứu áp dụng mô hình phân phối trễ tự hồi quy (ARDL) để đánh giá tác động trong ngắn hạn và dài hạn giữa vốn con người và phát triển tài chính. Kết quả cho thấy các biến số của vốn con người có tác động tích cực đến phát triển tài chính ở Việt Nam, ngoại trừ dân số lao động có tác động ngược chiều.
Tác động của phong cách lãnh đạo chuyển đổi đến kết quả làm việc thông qua sự tự tin và sáng tạo của nhân viên kinh doanh (Trường hợp ngành logistic tại Tp. Hồ Chí Minh)
Authors: Hằng Vũ Việt , My Phan Thị Trà
Published: August 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm kiểm định tác động của phong cách lãnh đạo chuyển đổi đến kết quả làm việc thông qua sự tự tin và sáng tạo của nhân viên kinh doanh ngành logistics, từ đó đề xuất các hàm ý quản trị nhằm nâng cao kết quả làm việc của nhân viên ngành này. Nghiên cứu định tính được thực hiện bằng hai lần thảo luận nhóm với năm chuyên gia trong ngành logistics để điều chỉnh mô hình, thang đo và để thảo luận về kết quả nghiên cứu. Nghiên cứu định lượng được thực hiện bằng cách khảo sát trực tiếp và khảo sát trực tuyến. Các phương pháp và công cụ được sử dụng là thống kê mô tả, kiểm định thang đo, phân tích EFA, kiểm định CFA, kiểm định SEM bằng phần mềm SPSS và AMOS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy Phong cách lãnh đạo chuyển đổi tác động dương đến sự Tự tin và Sáng tạo; Tự tin và Sáng tạo có tác động dương đến Kết quả làm việc. Kết quả này được thảo luận để làm cơ sở cho các hàm ý quản trị nhằm nâng cao kết quả làm việc của nhân viên kinh doanh ngành logistics.
Nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa chất lượng dịch vụ, hình ảnh thương hiệu, giá trị nhận được, niềm tin, sự hài lòng và lòng trung thành của khách hàng cá nhân trong ngành ngân hàng
Authors: Chiến Ngô Đức
Published: August 2021

Nghiên cứu này tập trung xác định mối quan hệ giữa các nhân tố Chất lượng dịch vụ, Hình ảnh thương hiệu, Giá trị nhận được, Niềm tin, Sự hài lòng và Lòng trung thành của khách hàng cá nhân trong ngành ngân hàng. Thông qua các phép phân tích cơ bản từ thống kê cho đến mô hình SEM, với dữ liệu khảo sát từ 327 cá nhân có giao dịch tại các Ngân hàng thương mại trên địa bàn Thành phố Đà Nẵng. Kết quả cho thấy, (1) Nhân tố CL (Chất lượng dịch vụ) tác động tích cực đến HA (Hình ảnh thương hiệu), GD (Giá trị nhận được), NT (Niềm tin); (2) Nhân tố HA (Hình ảnh thương hiệu) tác động tích cực đến NT (Niềm tin), HL (Sự hài lòng); (3) Nhân tố NT (Niềm tin), GD (Giá trị nhận được) tác động tích cực đến HL (Sự hài lòng) và (4) Nhân tố CL (Chất lượng dịch vụ), HA (Hình ảnh thương hiệu), NT (Niềm tin), HL (Sự hài lòng) tác động tích cực đến TT (Lòng trung thành).
Tác động của chi tiêu công lên tăng trưởng kinh tế Đông Nam Bộ: Bằng chứng thực nghiệm
Authors: Bổn Nguyễn Văn
Published: August 2021

Đông Nam Bộ được đánh giá là khu vực kinh tế trọng điểm và phát triển năng động ở phía Nam trong đó Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh được xem là đầu tàu kinh tế của toàn bộ khu vực phía Nam. Khu vực này nhận được khá nhiều chi tiêu công của nhà nước cho cả chi thường xuyên lẫn chi đầu tư, liệu việc chi tiêu này có hiệu quả hay không khi xét ở góc độ tăng trưởng kinh tế ở khu vực này? Để trả lời câu hỏi nghiên cứu này, bài viết đánh giá thực nghiệm tác động của chi tiêu công lên tăng trưởng kinh tế ở 06 tỉnh/thành ở khu vực Đông Nam Bộ từ 2005 đến 2018 bằng phương pháp ước lượng GMM sai phân. Tính bền của các ước lượng được kiểm tra bằng phương pháp IV-FE. Kết quả ước lượng cho thấy chi tiêu công làm giảm tăng trưởng kinh tế ở khu vực này. Tuy nhiên, dân số và cơ sở hạ tầng lại thúc đẩy tăng trưởng kinh tế. Các phát hiện này đề xuất một số hàm ý chính sách quan trọng liên quan đến chi tiêu công và tăng trưởng kinh tế cho khu vực Đông Nam Bộ.
Đánh giá dịch vụ sau bán hàng bằng mô hình IPA: Tình huống tại công ty máy điều hòa không khí
Authors: Loan Nguyễn Thúy Quỳnh , Quyên Nguyễn Ngọc , Chí Nguyễn Vương
Published: August 2021

Mục đích của việc chú trọng đến dịch vụ sau bán hàng là đảm bảo sự hài lòng của khách hàng, giữ chân khách hàng, tăng khả năng mua lại của khách hàng và góp phần quảng bá thương hiệu. Do đó, mục tiêu chính của bài viết này là đánh giá dịch vụ sau bán của một công ty máy Điều Hòa Không Khí (ĐHKK) và đề xuất các giải pháp cải tiến. Từ tổng quan cơ sở lý thuyết, nghiên cứu này đã nhận diện năm dạng dịch vụ sau bán hàng (bảo hành, sửa chữa, cung cấp linh kiện, bảo trì, hỗ trợ trực tuyến) và 24 thuộc tính tương ứng để đánh giá bằng mô hình IPA (Importance - Peformance Analysis). Nghiên cứu đã thu thập được 300 mẫu khảo sát hợp lệ từ các khách hàng sử dụng dịch vụ tại các trung tâm dịch vụ khách hàng của công ty máy ĐHKK ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP.HCM). Từ kết quả phân tích Mức độ quan trọng và Mức độ thực hiện trong mô hình IPA, ba dịch vụ cần tập trung cải tiến là cung cấp linh kiện, sửa chữa và bảo hành, còn dịch vụ bảo trì và hỗ trợ trực tuyến nên tiếp tục duy trì vì công ty đang thực hiện khá tốt. Bài viết cũng trình bày các thảo luận và đề xuất các nhóm giải pháp nhằm cải thiện dịch vụ sau bán hàng của công ty này.
Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định mua bảo hiểm nhân thọ của khách hàng cá nhân tại Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Minh Nguyễn Thị Bình , Nam Khúc Đình , Thuận Trần Thị Thanh
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu này là xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định mua Bảo Hiểm Nhân Thọ (BHNT) của khách hàng cá nhân tại TP. Hồ Chí Minh. Nhóm tác giả đã thu thập dữ liệu thông qua phỏng vấn 251 khách hàng cá nhân đã mua BHNT tại địa bàn nghiên cứu. Mô hình nghiên cứu được xây dựng dựa trên sự kết hợp giữa lý thuyết về quá trình ra quyết định (Kotler & Keller, 2012) và lý thuyết về hành vi người tiêu dùng (Sheth, Mittal, & Newman, 1999). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 05 nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định mua mua bảo hiểm nhân thọ được sắp xếp theo thứ tự mức độ giảm dần như sau: (i) Nhận thức về giá trị của BHNT, (ii) Thương hiệu công ty BHNT, (iii) Rào cản mua BHNT, (iv) Tư vấn viên BHNT và (v) Động cơ mua BHNT; trong đó chỉ có nhân tố Rào cản mua BHNT có tác động nghịch chiều với quyết định mua BHNT còn các nhân tố khác có tác động cùng chiều với quyết định mua. Sau cùng, nhóm tác giả đề xuất một số khuyến nghị nhằm gia tăng khách hàng cá nhân tham gia BHNT và hướng nghiên cứu trong tương lai.
Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems Using (RAMD) Analysis
Authors: Maihulla Anas Sani , Yusuf Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

The primary aim of this present study is to examine how reliability, availability, maintainability, and dependability (RAMD) are used to describe the criticality of each sub-assembly in grid- connected photovoltaic systems. A transition diagram of all subsystems is produced for this analysis, and Chapman-Kolmogorov differential equations for each variable of each subsystem are constructed using the Markov birth-death process. Both random failure and repair time variables have an exponential distribution and are statistically independent. A sufficient repair facility is still available with the device. The numerical results for reliability, maintainability, dependability, and steady-state availability for various photovoltaic device components have been obtained. Other metrics, such as mean time to failure (MTTF), mean time to repair (MTTR), and dependability ratio, which aid in device performance prediction, have also been measured. According to numerical analysis. it is hypothesized that subsystem S4, i.e. the inverter, is the most critical and highly sensitive portion that requires special attention in order to improve the efficiency of the PV device plant. The findings of this research are very useful for photovoltaic system designers and maintenance engineers.
Entropic system in the relativistic Klein-Gordon Particle
Authors: Onate C. A. , Onyeaju M. C.
Published: August 2021

The solutions of Kratzer potential plus Hellmann potential was obtained under the Klein-Gordon equation via the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The relativistic energy and its corresponding normalized wave functions were fully calculated. The theoretic quantities in terms of the entropic system under the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation (a spinless particle) for a Kratzer-Hellmann’s potential model were studied. The effects of a and b respectively (the parameters in the potential that determine the strength of the potential) on each of the entropy were fully examined. The maximum point of stability of a system under the three entropies was determined at the point of intersection between two formulated expressions plotted against a as one of the parameters in the potential. Finally, the popular Shannon entropy uncertainty relation known as Bialynick-Birula, Mycielski inequality was deduced by generating numerical results.
Antimicrobial activity of green synthesized tri-metallic oxide Ni/Cr/Cu nanoparticles
Authors: Kannaiyan Sathish Kumar , Rengaraj R  , Venkata krishnan G R  , Gayathri P K  , Lavanya G  , Hemapriya D
Published: August 2021

The tri-metallic oxide Ni/Cr/Cu nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Coriander sativum extract as the reducing agent. The precursors namely CuSO4.5H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and Cr (NO3)3·9H2O were used for the green synthesis. Further, the prepared NPs were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Its antimicrobial property against two fungal and two bacterial species was determined by measuring the respective zone of inhibition (ZOI) in well diffusion method. A dose dependent inhibition was observed in all the four species of pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. This antimicrobial property of tri-metallic oxide NPs may be utilized in the field of medical research, pharmaceutical industries and environmental sciences.
Virtual Screening of Selected Natural Products as Human Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1 Blockers
Authors: Duru Chidi , Duru Ijeoma , Chidiebere Chiagoziem
Published: August 2021

Many researchers have widely explored the need to replace the harmful compound hydroquinone in skin-lightening creams with more skin-friendly compounds that can give similar results. Some compounds from the plant kingdom have been shown to possess human tyrosinase inhibitory action with no adverse effect on the skin. In this study, the virtual screen of glabridin, kojic acid, arbutin, niacinamide, ascorbic acid, salicin, lactic acid, glutathione, azelaic acid, linoleic acid, glycolic acid, acclaimed to possess this activity as well as the synthetic compound hydroquinone, as human tyrosinase-related protein 1 inhibitor was investigated using computational methods. Site-directed docking was performed at the binding pocket on the enzyme carrying the cocrystallized ligand tropolone. The binding affinity of salicin (-6.7 kcal/mol), a-arbutin (-6.3 kcal/mol), glutathione (-6.2 kcal/mol), ascorbic acid (-5.7 kcal/mol), and niacinamide (-5.7 kcal/mol) were higher than that of the cocrystallized ligand tropolone (-5.5 kcal/mol) and the synthetic skin lightening compound hydroquinone (-4.8 kcal/mol). a-arbutin and glutathione also interacted with similar amino acids units as hydroquinone, suggesting that they followed the exact mechanism of action. These findings strongly corroborate the claim that these natural products could inhibit melanin production and may serve to replace hydroquinone in skin lightening creams.
Corrigendum to "Simulation and Optimization of Lead-Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Cuprous Oxide as a P-type Inorganic Layer [J. Nig. Soc. Phys. Sci. 1 (2019) 72–81, https://doi.org/10.46481/jnsps.2019.13]"
Authors: Danladi Eli , Onimisi M. Y. , Garba S. , Ugbe R. U. , Owolabi J. A. , Ige O. O. , Ibeh G. J. , Muhammed A. O.
Published: August 2021

The version in the original Article has an error in the name of the principal author Eli Danladi which was given incorrectly as D. Eli. We highly regret this.
TİBİAL KOMPONENT ÜRÜNLERİNİN FEM VE TAGUCHİ METODU TABANLI OPTİMİZASYONU
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Burak , ERZİNCANLI Fehmi
Published: August 2021

Çeşitli sağlık problemleri sebebiyle kıkırdak dokunun zarar görmesi sonucunda, insan vücudu ile uyumlu biyo-malzemelerden diz protezlerinin üretimi yapılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Tibial Komponent model geometrisi, tasarım yüzeylerinde gerilme değişimleri dikkate alınarak geliştirilmek istenmiştir. Bu nedenle, ilk olarak literatürde yapılan araştırmalar ve endüstride üretimi yapılan güncel ürünler incelenmiştir. Vidalı birleştirme ile montajı yapılan temel bir tasarım tipi analiz geometrisi olarak seçilmiştir. Bir tibial komponent CAD tasarımı için; model geometrisini oluşturan toplam 14 adet tasarım parametresi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Taguchi Metodu kullanılarak S/N oranları değişimlerini incelemek için, her bir tasarım parametresi dikkate alınarak farklı modeller L16 deney tasarımına göre modellenmiştir. Böylece tasarımı oluşturan 14 parametre ve seviyesinin analiz sonuçlarına etkisi incelenebilmiştir. Maksimum deformasyon, gerilme miktarı ve hacim değişimleri tüm geometri için tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte tepsi üst yüzeyi en fazla kuvvete maruz kalacağı için bu yüzey alanında oluşan gerilme değişimleri de incelenmiştir. Ayrıca her bir tasarım parametresinin seviyelerinin % etkileri Varyans Analizi uygulanarak belirlenmiştir. 3974 mm3 hacim miktarına sahip bir geometri ile 6,2 emniyet katsayısına sahip bir tasarım geometrisi geliştirilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, minimum ağırlık ve maksimum emniyet katsayısı dikkate alınarak her bir tasarım parametresinin seviyeleri seçilmiş sonuç olarak tasarımda optimizasyon sağlanmıştır.
Pharmacy Education In Indonesia
Authors: Cokro Fonny , Atmanda Pretty Falena Kambira , Sagala Reynelda Juliani , Arrang Sherly Tandi , Notario Dion , Rukmini Elisabeth , Aparasu Rajender
Published: August 2021

Pharmacy education in Indonesia mainly involves a four-year undergraduate degree, followed by a one-year professional pharmacy programme. The curriculum and learning outcomes of undergraduate and professional pharmacy programmes follow academic standards set by the Association of Indonesian Pharmacy Higher Education, based on the Seven Star Pharmacist concept developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Most pharmacy undergraduate programmes are focused on general pharmacy skills and knowledge, which includes pharmaceutical sciences and clinical pharmacy. Professional pharmacy programmes provide more pharmacy practice training and skills; thus, graduates have broader career opportunities than undergraduates because they are prepared for higher responsibilities within pharmacy practice. Although there have been significant improvements in pharmacy education, there remain challenges related to government policies, stakeholder agreements, educational offerings, competencies, and training. This requires considerable collective efforts from the government, educational systems, associations, and other stakeholders to improve the role of pharmacists in Indonesia.
Teaching in the Era of COVID: A comparison between media platforms
Authors: Almaghaslah Dalia
Published: August 2021

Introduction: When it comes to using social media in pharmacy education, Facebook and Twitter are very popular.
Methods: Instagram and Twitter accounts were created to complement formal teaching beyond core course hours in a fully online Communication in Pharmacy Practice course. The current study was conducted to assess students’ perceptions of the incorporation of social media platforms in teaching the course. It provided a comparison between the use of Blackboard, Instagram and Twitter in course delivery.    
Results: Out of the total 70 students enrolled in the course, 67 students completed the online questionnaire. Blackboard was preferred for academic use (44 students, or 65.7%), delivery of course announcements (36, or 53.7%), course core materials (34, or 50.7%) and provided the highest level of privacy (31, or 46.3%). On the other hand, Twitter was the most preferred for personal use (43, or 64.2%), delivery of extra-curricular materials (36, or 53.7%), discussion (36, or 53.7%), and was found to be the most convenient (62.7%), user friendly (41, or 61.2%) and provided the best notifications (alerts) (33, or 49.3%). The vast majority “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that social media enhanced communication with peers (52, or 77.6 %) and with the course instructor (54, or 80.6%).    
Conclusion: This evaluation demonstrated that students value social media use in teaching a fully online course, especially in the delivery of extra-curricular materials and discussions.
Competency assessors’ cognitive map of practice when assessing practice based encounters
Authors: Reddy Madhuriksha , Davidson Jared , Dillon Carla , Wilby Kyle John
Published: August 2021

Introduction: There is growing evidence that inconsistencies exist in how competencies are conceptualised and assessed.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the reliability of pharmacist assessors when observing practice-based encounters and to compare and contrast assessors’ cognitive map of practice with the guiding competency framework.

Methods: This was a qualitative study with verbal protocol analysis. A total of 25 assessors were recruited to score and verbalise their assessments for three videos depicting practice-based encounters. Verbalisations were coded according to the professional competency framework.

Results: Protocols from 24 participants were included. Interrater reliability of scoring was excellent. Greater than 75% of assessment verbalisations were focused on 3 of the 27 competencies: communicate effectively, consults with the patient, and provide patient counselling.

Conclusion: Findings support the notion that assessment completed within practice could be largely informed by a single component of the interaction or more specifically, what ‘catches the eye’ of the assessor.
El diseño estadístico como estrategia de investigación aplicada al estudio de organizaciones solidarias. Caso Cajibío-Cauca
Authors: Garcés Aguilar Wilson Noé , Robayo Coral Lina Juliana
Published: August 2021

El departamento del Cauca, ubicado en el suroccidente colombiano, dada la diversidad étnica, la riqueza de tradiciones y el amplio acervo cultural e histórico, constituyen un escenario de estudio en el cual la economía social y solidaria nos permite identificar prácticas endógenas de desarrollo territorial necesarias de develar en el plano académico. Y por ello, se presenta a continuación un ejercicio académico que busca acercar el diseño estadístico al estudio de organizaciones solidarias en un departamento de vocación rural, en el cual las lógicas solidarias de las organizaciones requieren estrategias de investigación aplicadas a la comprensión de los fenómenos locales para lograr por esta vía generar conocimiento pertinente y ajustado a las realidades regionales. En consecuencia, el articulo pretende visibilizar la importancia de un diseño estadístico pensado como estrategia pedagógica en la clave de investigación formativa para el estudio de organizaciones solidarias en el caso especifíco del departamento del Cauca, concretamente en el municipio de Cajibío. Esto para evidenciar como por la vía estadística es posible fundamentar estudios de carácter social y mas aun estudios organizacionales de invaluable valor para los contextos locales.
Tratamientos biológicos en la remoción de contaminantes por plaguicida en el agua
Authors: Churampi Casas Betzabe Sulma , Malpica Rodrıguez Manuel Enrique
Published: August 2021

La agricultura es la actividad económica mas amplia en todo el mundo, los plaguicidas llegan a los ecosistemas acuáticos mediante la aplicación directa, la fumigación aérea, la erosión y la escorrentía superficial o subterránea de las tierras agrícolas, o mediante la descarga de efluentes de las fabricas y los desechos. Los plaguicidas organofosforados son ampliamente utilizados en la agricultura para la protección de cultivos y uso forestal, entre otros.
Lanczos spintensor in Gödel spacetime via factorization of the metric tensor
Authors: Shadab M. , Lopez-Bonilla J. , Sanchez-Melendez G.
Published: August 2021

We show a factorization of the metric tensor in Gödel cosmological model which
gives a generator for the Lanczos spintensor of the conformal tensor.
Farklı Reynolds Sayılarında Panel Etrafındaki Akış Karakteristiklerinin Aerodinamik Kuvvetler Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: İZOL Seher , FIRATOĞLU Z. Abidin
Published: August 2021

Günümüzde alternatif enerji kaynakları arasından öne çıkan alternatif, çevre dostu yenilebilir enerjidir. Konuyla ilgili son yıllarda artan çalışmalara bağlı olarak çok çeşitli yenilebilir enerji uygulaması geliştirilmiştir. Uygulamadaki basitliği nedeniyle ticari alanda öne çıkan yenilebilir enerji uygulaması güneş enerjisidir. Güneş enerjisi uygulamalarında, sistemlerin temel bileşeni tüm atmosferik koşullara maruz güneş enerjisini toplayan helyostat, parabolik veya düz geometrideki toplayıcılardır. Bundan dolayı toplayıcılar bölgenin atmosferik koşulları dikkate alınarak kurulumu bir zorunluluktur. Toplayıcı konstrüksiyonu açısından en kritik parametrelerden biri rüzgâr yüküdür.

Bu çalışmada 5, 15 ve 30 m/s serbest akış hızlarında 30 derece eğimli bir fotovoltaik panele gelen rüzgar yükleri nümerik araştırılmıştır. Panel ön bakış alanının uzunluğu referans uzunluk olmak üzere söz konusu serbest akış hızlarına denk gelen Reynolds sayıları sırasıyla 3.39*104, 1.017*105 ve 2.03*105 şeklindedir. Yürütülen araştırma sonucunda Reynolds sayısı 3.36*104 için sürüklenme katsayısı 1.6025 olduğu saptanmıştır. Reynolds sayısı 1.017*105 iken sürüklenme katsayısı % 17.8 oranında dramatik bir şekilde düşmektedir.
Combined application of methyl salicylate and L-arginine alleviates chilling injury, potentiates antioxidant system and maintains quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum Annum L.) fruits cv. ‘Winner’
Authors: Akram Nida , Hasan Mahmood Ul , Rehman Rana Naveed Ur , Ahmad Rana Muhammad Ateeq , Ahmed Zeeshan , Khan Ummara , Hayat Faisal
Published: August 2021

Chilling injury is the critical issue in sweet pepper fruit under low temperature storage. Present work was aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentration of methyl salicylate (MS) and L-arginine (Arg) on chilling injury and overall quality of sweet pepper fruits cv. ‘Winner’. The treatments were T1 = Control, T2 = 0.01mM MS, T3 = 0.05 mM MS, T4 = 1mM Arg, T5 = 1.5mM Arg and T6 = 0.01mM MS+1.5mM Arg. After respective treatment (for 10 min) fruits were kept at 5 ± 1 ◦C with 85-90 % RH for 28+2 days of storage. Physical, biochemical, and phytochemical parameters were studied at 7 days interval followed by two days of reconditioning at ambient conditions (25 ± 2 °C). On last removal (28+2days), sweet pepper fruits treated with combined MS and Arg treatment (T6) showed highly significant results in lower fruit weight loss (8.3%), maintained fruit colour (0.3 score) and firmness (13.4N), and reduced wrinkling (2 score), disease incidence (0.4 score), ion leakage (45.4%), alleviated chilling injury (1.7 score), retained total antioxidants (49.1%) and total phenolic content (74.4 mg 100 g-1 GAE FW) as compared to control. In addition, the ascorbic acid content was observed higher in all treatments in comparison with untreated control fruits. In conclusion, MS and Arg combine treatment improved storage potential with reduced chilling injury by maintaining higher total phenolic concentrations, ascorbic acid content and total antioxidants in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activities, and markedly maintained overall quality of sweet pepper under cold storage condition at 5 °C for 28 days.
The Optimization Of Cellulose Content In Tobacco Stems (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) With Acid Extraction Method And Alkaline Extraction Method
Authors: Rusdianto Andrew Setiawan , Amilia Winda , Sinta Vina Julie Dwi
Published: August 2021

Tobacco stems are the agricultural waste of tobacco crops that have the potential to be utilized. Use of tobacco stems in general, only in the leave of disposal without handling. Tobacco stems have the opportunity as a source of cellulose because they have a relatively high content of cellulose. The use of proper methods also plays an important role in extracting cellulose on tobacco stems. The research aims to determine the efficiency levels of cellulose extract from tobacco stems (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) with acid extraction methods and alkaline extraction. The research used a complete randomized design with a repeated trial of 2 times. The results showed the alkaline method of producing the best results against the rendemen testing parameters, water content, hemicellulose content, cellulose content, lignin content and FTIR spectroscopy. Yield test, moisture content, hemicellulose content, cellulose content and lignin content was at the best in the alkaline extraction with a concentration of 12% the yield of 43.63%; water content of 7.54%; hemicellulose content 14.33%; cellulose content 46.17%; and 2.83% lignin content. FTIR spectroscopy test shows that all treatments have important and specific function groups on cellulose such as – OH, C-H, and-CH2, so that samples were identified of cellulose.
The Study of Physic Chemical Properties and Preference Level of Instant Porridge Made of Pumpkin and Brown Rice
Authors: Slamet Agus , Kanetro Bayu , Setiyoko Agus
Published: August 2021

Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata D.) is an annual plant from the Cucurbitaceae family. The availability of pumpkins in Indonesia is relatively high. Pumpkin production in Indonesia reaches an average of 21 tons per hectare. Pumpkin has high carotenoid content reaching 160 mg/100 g. Pumpkin comes from the family Cucurbitaceae and the genus Cucurbita. The cultivar (Cucurbita moschata D.), which is common for human consumption, is referred to as pumpkin. Rice is a food ingredient as a source of energy for humans. In addition, rice is also a source of protein, vitamins, and minerals beneficial for human health. Based on the color of rice, there are several types of rice in Indonesia, such as white rice, black rice, glutinous rice, and brown rice. Brown rice is generally consumed without going through the grinding process, but it is only ground into broken rice and the husk is still attached to the endosperm. Both of these materials have the potential to be processed into instant porridge. In order to produce an instant porridge that has physicochemical properties and meets consumers’ preferences, it is necessary to optimize different mixtures and ensure the right drying temperature.The research investigated different mixtures of pumpkin and brown rice at different ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. Variations of drying temperatures include 150°C, 160°C, and 170°C. The resulting instant porridge was tested for physical properties; color, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, bulk density, and extraction yield. The instant porridge preference test was based on color, aroma, taste, consistency, and overall preference. The instant porridge mostly preferred by the panelists was analyzed for identifying the chemical properties. The data obtained were tested in a completely randomized design. When the analysis marked a significant difference, the Duncan Multiple Range Test was run at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that instant porridge based on physical, chemical, and preference characteristics was influenced by different mixtures of brown rice and different drying temperatures. Concerning the physical properties, preference was obtained from the treatment of pumpkin and brown rice at a ratio of 50:50 at a temperature of 160°C. The chemical composition of the instant porridge included 5.62% water, 12.37% protein, 3.70% fat, 1.81% ash, 1.361.79 (mg GAE/g) phenolic, 164.36(µg/g) beta carotene and 41.5% RSA antioxidants.
The Potential of Trichoderma sp. as Biological Agent to Support the Germination of Corn Seeds (Zea Mays)
Authors: Lahati Betty , Abdullatif Zauzah , Kaddas Fatmawati , Labaradji Martini
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the fact that corn seeds in storage are often characterized with low seed viability and infected by diseases so that the seeds grow abnormally and even die. Corn seeds have thick/hard cell walls. It is acknowledged that the corn seed walls contain cellulose, which can be broken down by microorganisms. One such microorganism is the Trichoderma fungus, which is also a biological agent. This study aims to analyze the effect of the biological agents Trichoderma sp. on corn seed germination and identify the best concentration of Trichoderma sp. against corn seed germination. The corn seeds used in this study were locally grown, which had been stored for 6 months. The seed coating (bio seed coating of local corn) was tested at several concentrations of Trichoderma sp. (treatment), namely without treatment (control), 5g, 10g, 15g, and 20g. Each concentration was repeated 4 times, using several parameters to analyze normal sprouts and germination capacity. The analysis results confirmed the potential of Thrichoderma biological agents on corn seed germination. The T1 treatment with 5g Trichoderma biological agents significantly improve corn seed germination.
DARK TRIAD AND UTILITARIAN CHOICES: A STUDY FROM TURKEY
Authors: BOLELLİ Murat
Published: August 2021

Purpose of this study is to examine effects of dark triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) on the utilitarian choices. Data is collected from university students with an online survey using convenience method for sampling. To measure research variables, a version of dictator game that presents a salary raise case to participants and Short Dark Triad Scale (SD3) is used. Reliability analysis is conducted to SD3 which returned 0.611, 0.651 and 0.684 Cronbach’s alpha values for Dark Triad personality traits. Binary logistic regression analysis is used to test research hypotheses. Findings indicate that psychopathy has a significant and positive effect on the utilitarian choice whereas Machiavellianism and narcissism has not. Implications of the results are discussed and future research areas are suggested.
EXAMİNİNG TEACHERS’ LİFELONG LEARNİNG TENDENCİES
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Gözde Sezen , YAZAR Fatma Betül
Published: August 2021

Having the ability of lifelong learning is essential for teachers in the manner of guidance of the society. The aim of this research is examining the ability of lifelong learning of teachers. The set of this research consists 124 teachers who is elected by random sample method and works in schools of Ministry of Education. Quantitative approaches based on this study is descriptive research method of survery model. the "Lifelong Learning Tendencies Scale" was used by Coskun Diker (2009) as the data collection tool in the study,. It was determined that the scale consists of four sub-dimensions: motivation, persistence, lack of regulation of learning, and lack of curiosity, as the results of the explanatory factor analysis. The Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale which consists of 27 items was found as 0.89. The data were analyzed on the basis of gender, age, education level and seniority. SPSS 18. Package program was used to analyze the data. It was revealed that the teachers do not show a significant difference in all sub-dimensions in the Lifelong Learning Scale at the end of the study.
INTERACTION OF SCIENCE PARADIGM, MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH METHODS
Authors: YAŞAR Okan
Published: August 2021

Science paradigms determine the way scientists view concepts, phenomena and events and the way they solve problems. Scientific research methods are naturally the result of scientific paradigms. It is inevitable that developments in science will affect scientific research methods and tools. In this study, fundamental paradigm changes in science and their reflections on management sciences and research methods are discussed. The developments in disciplines such as complexity, big data analytics and neuroscience, and the developments in management fields and the reflections of the emerging theories on research methods form the framework of the research. The areas subject to these developments can be characterized by "revolutionary science" within the framework defined by Kuhn. In the framework of new science, complexity, unpredictability, nonlinear systems, uncertain cause and effect relationships have been identified as prominent concepts from analytics to theory. As a result, it has been observed that control and planning functions in the management and organizational field lost their importance and autonomous organizations with uncertain vision were born. As a result of the research, it has been observed that in this age where information is instantly produced and consumed, research methods must also keep up with changes. The new dynamics require an explanation of the process rather than the estimation of outputs. The new science is in a holistic structure formed by the information produced by different disciplines such as physics and biology. The application areas of the new science show rapid development in the field of management as in every field. It is considered that the study will contribute to the researchers on subjects that do not have sufficient knowledge in the national literature.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESMENT OUTFLOWS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: HIDDEN COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS FOR TURKEY
Authors: TAYYAR Ahmet Emrah
Published: August 2021

The relationship between foreign direct investment, which is a type of cross-border and long-term investment, and environmental quality is a current issue that is heavily debated. Foreign direct invesments can ensure economic growth and development of countries, while also causing a change in environmental quality. In the research conducted, it is seen that changes in carbon dioxide emissions with foreign direct capital inflows are mainly investigated from the point of view of the host countries. However, foreign direct invesment outflows may have an impact on the environmental quality of the home country. Because foreign direct invesment outflows can enable the transfer of more environmentally friendly techonogies to the country and strengthen management skills. The impact of foreign direct investment outflows on the home country's environmental pollution is shaped by many factors (scale, technique, and composition effects). In addition to these effects, it is necessary to pay attention to the regional and sectoral distribution of capital outflows. The main aim of this study is to examine the links between Turkey's foreign direct invesment outflows and carbon dioxide emissions for the period 1990-2018. For this reason, a unit root test was applied to variables whose natural logarithm was taken. Tests showed that all series are stable of the same degree. Engle&Granger(1987) and Granger&Yoon(2002) tests were used to determine the cointegration relationship between variables. The crouching error correction model(CECM) was applied to determine the causality relationship. According to the results of the analysis; i) In terms of the Engle&Granger(1987) test, there was no long-term relationship between variables. ii) According to the Granger&Yoon(2002) test, it was determined that there is a bidirectional hidden cointegration relationship between the positive shocks of carbon dioxide emissions and negative shocks of foreign direct invesment outflows. iii) There is a bidirectional asymmetric causality relationship between the positive shocks of carbon dioxide emissions and the negative shocks of foreign direct invesment outflows. iv) It is observed that 1% negative shocks in foreign direct invesment outflows reduce positive shocks in carbon dioxide emissions by 0,26%. As a result, since negative situations in foreign direct invesment outflows have an effect on improving the quality of the environment, the environmental dimension should be taken into account in the policies to be made.
MEDIA AT MIGRATION CRIME AND LAW TRIANGLE: MIGRATION CITIES
Authors: GÜÇLÜTEN Çağrı , CERECİ Sedat
Published: August 2021

In this study, based on some striking examples, migration, which is one of the biggest problems of the modern age, and the relationship of crime in expanding cities have been investigated and the impact of immigration on crime, the legal regulations in this context and the media reflections of migration and crime relations, and the legal regulations in the expanding cities via migration have been evaluated. Increasing tension, conflicts, wars, hunger, poverty, economic imbalance, oppression, inequality and unrest based on religion, sects, and culture in the world have increased migration and caused many more problems. The borders that states have determined regarding their sovereign rights over their countries have brought along problems related to the issue of immigration, although they exist throughout history. The severe violations of human rights caused by the torture and deaths experienced during the Second World War caused population mobility all over the world and as a result, the issue of migration has become an important agenda item in our recent history. While international organizations and states try to solve the problems arising from immigration with legal regulations, they cannot keep up with the pace of the problems caused by migration and the increase in crime rates. In this context, the problems faced by immigrants who take their cultural luggage with them to the destination country, especially xenophobia, make the lives of immigrants difficult and at the same time position them in the world of others. From this point of view, cities that grow with migration reach a cosmopolitan structure, if not metropolitan, and transform into places of necessary living, dissatisfaction and chaos. Unemployment, incompatibility, unrest, conflict and problems are experienced to a great extent in overgrown cities. Legal regulations have been insufficient.