bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The emerging challenge of pain in systemic sclerosis: Similarity to the pain experience reported by Sjőgren’s syndrome patients
Authors: De Luca Rossella , Maresca Marco , Orlandi Martina , Bruni Cosimo , Solanki Kamal , Wang Yukai , Lepri Gemma , Guiducci Serena , Melchiorre Daniela , Moggi-Pignone Alberto , Rossi Wanda , De Paulis Amato , Dzhus Marta , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Bellando-Randone Silvia
Published: September 2021

In order to evaluate the importance of pain in systemic sclerosis (SSc), the characteristics of pain reported by patients with SSc were analyzed and compared with the characteristics of pain reported by patients with primary Sjőgren’s syndrome (pSS). Pain was reported by 56 patients (80%) in a group of 70 patients with SSc and by 25 patients (78%) in a group of 32 patients with pSS. Pain severity was assessed by the Pain Rating Index (PRI) and the Present Pain Intensity (PPI) of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and by values obtained by a visual analog scale (VAS) indicating the intensity of pain felt in the moment of the examination and the intensity of pain felt in the week preceding the moment of the examination. No significant difference was detected in the comparison of mean values of pain indices between patients with SSc and patients with pSS and in the comparison among subgroups of patients with SSc. The data indicate that pain is a frequent and important cause of suffering in SSc as in other chronic diseases. The association of different methods may be especially useful to obtain a careful evaluation of pain in clinical research.
Review of The Songs of the Cádiz Carnival during the Second Republic
Authors: Koroleva A. A.
Published: September 2021

Looking into affective topics such as historical memories often starts with a very personal story. It was not the case with Santiago Morello, whose curiosity inspired him to research social history and historical memories of Cádiz. Thus he managed to remain objective when answering a simple WHY question. Moreno grew up in Spanish Andalusia and had a first-hand experience of what education is like when there is no consensus on local history — important topics tend to be avoided. As a researcher, Santiago Moreno took a special interest in the repressed participants of the carnival and the prohibition of the carnival in 1937: he defended a thesis, published a collection of carnival-related songs, and produced a documentary Murieron Cantado. The book under review is his latest work on the topic. Moreno posits that sensitive issues of local history should find a wider audience via diverse channels. For this purpose, he initiated thematic excursions, including Cádiz and the Banned Carnival. Today carnival in Cádiz is one of the biggest in Spain, and as of 2021 is being considered to be included in the UNESCO Convention on the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage. The reviewed book comes out as a separate volume in the series of historical records of the Province of Cádiz and presents a unique collection of carnival songs. The first part of the book gives an overview of the historical context, the social background and even managerial and financial aspects of holding a carnival. Lyrics are analyzed in terms of their reflection of the social agenda of the time taking into consideration the censorship. The texts presented in the second half of the book come from different origins since few of them were preserved in the official archives. The author believes is that carnival rests upon enthusiasts who take part in it for generations. During the Civil War, especially after Cádiz was taken over, many of them had to destroy their collections of songs for fear of oppression and a great number of valuable documents were lost. Moreno’s work is a precious yet not comprehensive source for culture studies: the collection includes songs of 94 out of 108 participants of the carnival in 1932–1936. Some of the songs were not submitted to censors, many others were never recorded. Nevertheless, the book will be of interest to specialists in cultural studies, history and folklore, and those fond of the carnival.
Arete Philosophical Club as an Anthroposociocultural Phenomenon of the Border Orenburg Region of Russia
Authors: Kolomiets G. G. , Parusimova Ya. V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the problems of philosophical scientific and scientific-educational work in the border region of Russia, which is the greater Orenburg Region, which is adjacent to Kazakhstan in the south, and borders with Bashkiria in the north. Following the scientific and educational tasks that contribute to the strengthening of ideological attitudes in the region, the philosophical club Arete (Greek. virtue, dignity), based in the Orenburg library named after N. K. Krupskaya, attracts students, teachers, researchers and all those interested in science to participate in discussions on philosophy. In the midst of the pandemic, the library uploaded videos of Arete meetings to make them available to a wider audience. The discussions do reflect the club’s name — participants focus on virtue, perfection, problems of freedom and responsibility. The meetings have a therapeutic, pedagogical effect, they help refrain from passions and make a dignified and deserving member of society. This sociocultural project rekindles understanding philosophy as an art of living. Philosophy teaches to resort to reason in decision-making and leads to a true virtue, bridging the gap between everyday life and a higher plane of thought. The young when introduced to philosophy get an invaluable help in finding answers to the most profound questions of what it is to be a human and how to find where you belong. In this respect, the topics of the club’s meeting indicate the scope of problems that need consideration and discussion with a younger audience: core values of a civil society; philosophical basis of legal culture; the problem of individual’s self-determination; the phenomenon of fear in the philosophical discourse; the study of axiological problem of social memory; philosophy of family; abandonment and solitude at home; problems of modern aesthetics and environmental challenges etc. From our point of view, initiatives that raise the profile of Russian regions are in the best interest of cities and towns suffering depopulation. Such projects are vital since they give the sense of empowerment and belonging, let them feel involved in the real economy, politics and culture, and thus encourage the young generation to develop their home area. We hope that Arete will set a good example of a project that brings philosophy back to people.
Codification of Terminology: a Case Study of English Legal Terms
Authors: Anisimova A. G. , Tikhonova N. Yu.
Published: September 2021

The present paper is devoted to the phenomenon of codification and the main inconsistencies between the theoretical requirements for a term and actual terminological units found in terminological dictionaries of law. The paper presents the analysis of terms used in the legal sphere. The objective of the research is to identify and classify the inconsistencies that have a direct impact on codification as the last stage of the creation of a terminological dictionary. Particular attention is paid to the study of the content plane of legal terms listed in English terminological dictionaries as well as their expression plane. The authors conclude that at both levels (those of the content plane and the expression plane) and at the level of functioning the inconsist- encies raise important issues concerning further development of both terminography as a field of science and the dictionary-making process taking place today.
The Gorontalo Language in Professional Communication: its Maintenance and Native Speakers’ Attitudes
Authors: Zakariya U. , Lustyantie N. , Emzir .
Published: September 2021

This study aims to describe the maintenance of the Gorontalo language in the workplace by Gorontalo speakers. To carry out qualitative research we collected data through interviews, observations and field records, and then analysed it employing Spradley’s model (used in ethnography). The research reveals that: (1) the Gorontalo language is used in the work interactions between all employees, or between employees and customers who are fluent in the Gorontalo language; customers will start conversations using the Gorontalo language if they have close relationships with their interlocutors; (2) the attitudes of the speakers who actively use the Gorontalo Language in the workplace towards the language under discussion can be positive and negative depending on the backgrounds of the speakers; (3) the factors that affect Gorontalo language preservation can be classified into two groups: factors from the outside of the community, including changes in the composition of multi-ethnic society and the exposure to global information, and factors from within the community, such as the lack of public awareness of the urgency to maintain the Gorontalo Language as the local pride.
BARTER AS A WAY TO ACHIEVE A SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Borges Mayara Haddad , Bon Ana Carla , Mattoso Cecília Lima de Queirós
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate how a multilateral barter system can contribute to the pharmaceutical industry’s sustainable development strategy. The methodological approach was qualitative based on semi structured interviews. It took place on a pharmaceutical industry context of barter projects which replaced the incineration of unexpired medications with their donation to needy people and in exchange received media for future advertising campaigns. The study identified socioenvironmental motivation as a driving factor behind the decision to implement barter projects, in addition to identifying new barriers such as organizational culture and bureaucracy.
Bilateral simple bone cyst in mandible: Rare case report
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Marques Milena , Koubik Ana ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Roskamp Liliane ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Mattos Natanael ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Milani Cintia ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
Published: September 2021

The simple bone cyst is a benign osteolytic lesion, uncommon in the maxillomandibular region. Its etiology remains unknown, although traumatic injuries are often associated with this injury. Young patients, men and women alike are the most affected. It is asymptomatic in most cases, being diagnosed on routine radiographs. The radiolucent image, uni or multilocular, is well defined, with irregular margins, mainly in the posterior region of the mandible. Bilateral presentation is unusual. The final diagnosis is made during surgical procedures when an empty bone cavity is detected. Simple curettage is the treatment of choice and it consists of causing bleeding and filling the cavity with a blood clot. Bone repair will be observed in the follow-up procedures. The aim of this study was to present a rare case of bilateral simple bone cyst in a young male, treated with curettage of the bone walls.
Аcute paracetamol intoxication
Authors: Narziculov R. A. , Denisova A. A. , Ozerova E. D.
Published: September 2021

Paracetamol is non-narcotic analgesic and antipyretic of the central action from group of anilides, widely used in clinical practice. This drug has pronounced hepatotoxic effect which amplifies with alcohol. Paracetamol intoxication most frequently happens as a result of deliberate peroral intake of excessive doses of drug with a suicidal purpose. Undeliberate medicine poisoning is possible as a result of self-treatment.
Analyzing the Impact of Corporate Governance Factors on Enterprise Value and Capitalization
Authors: KOSORUKOVA Ol'ga D.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article focuses on business valuation methods and factors with reference to corporate governance principles.
Objectives. I analyze how corporate governance factors influence the value and capitalization of public joint-stock companies, and make my suggestions concerning financial and administrative decisions in line with value-based management.
Methods. The study is based on methods of synthesis, deduction, induction, statistical analysis, comparison and generalization.
Results. Having analyzed the impact of such factors, as revenue, dividends paid, return on sale and equity, for an 11-year life span (2009–2019), on capitalization and value of the population made up of 20 Russian public joint-stock companies from four sectors, as classified by the number of owners and State interest, I figured out that capitalization enterprise value in Russia most of all depend on indicators of companies if it has 11 owners and more (71%), companies without the State interest (67%). As for basic factors, these are revenue and dividend policy that have the strongest effect on enterprise value, while capitalization depends on all the analyzable factors.
Conclusions and Relevance. Currently, business valuation and business valuation management are critical for making correct strategic administrative decision. Doing so, the appraiser shall not only measure enterprise value with available financial results, but also consider its various non-financial indicators, which inter alia include corporate governance. Based on corporate governance principles set forth in the Letter of the Bank of Russia, I pointed out that definitely influence the enterprise value. Based on the above analysis, I determined what best results the Russian public joint-stock companies can attain in their corporate governance by sector, the number and quality of owners. Following the findings, I suggest how financial and administrative decisions on enterprise value management should be made, in line with the value-based management principles.
Pengaruh Pendapatan, Pengetahuan Dan Kerentanan Penyakit Terhadap Willingness To Pay (WTP) Premi Jaminan Kesehatan Pada Pekerja Sektor Informal
Authors: Dwi Prakoso Anom
Published: September 2021

Background:

The Indonesian Government's target of Universal Coverage or 100% Health Insurance participation by 2019 failed to be achieved, even until the end of October 2020. The failure of universal coverage resulted in BPJS Health's finances getting worse after experiencing a deficit. Informal sector workers are the most dominant sector that has not participated in the Health Insurance scheme, totaling 30,487,891 workers. Low income, uncertainty each month, and the increase in contributions resulted in a decrease in Willingness to pay Health Insurance contributions.

Research purposes:

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of income, knowledge, and disease susceptibility to the willingness to pay (WTP) of health insurance contributions to informal sector workers.

Method:

This cross-sectional research was conducted in Kudus Regency, Central Java in January-February 2020. Sampling used purposive sampling with a total of 200 informal sector workers who had not yet participated in BPJS Kesehatan. The dependent variable is a willingness to pay. The independent variables are income, knowledge, and disease susceptibility. Data collection using a questionnaire and data analysis with logistic regression.

Result:

Willingness To Pay health insurance contributions for informal sector workers increased in income ≥Rp 2,218,451 (b = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.01-3.55; p = 0.044), high knowledge (b = 4.64; 95% CI = 2.36-8.31; p <0.001), high disease susceptibility (b = 3.01; 95% CI = 0.26-5.75; p = 0.031).

Conclusion:

Income, knowledge, and disease vulnerability have a significant effect on the willingness to pay for health insurance contributions for informal sector workers.

 

Keywords: Universal Health Coverage; Willingness To Pay; Health Insurance; informal sector workers.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Mahasiswi Kesehatan dalam Akses Informasi Hak Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Perempuan Disabilitas
Authors: Santy Irene Putri
Published: September 2021

Background:

The role of health students in providing information about reproductive health is very important, especially regarding reproductive health rights for women with disabilities. This is crucial to do because women with disabilities are very vulnerable to violence and discrimination, especially in terms of reproductive health.

Objectives:

This study aimed to analyze the influence of knowledge and intention toward behavior of female health students in accessing information on reproductive health rights for women with disabilities.

Research Methods:

This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at the Midwifery Study Program at Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University Malang in October 2020. The sample size was 50 subjects, selected by simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable is the behavior of health female students in accessing information. The independent variables were knowledge and intention in access to information. Data collection using an online questionnaire. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression.

Results:

The behavior of health female students in access to information was influenced by knowledge (b= 0.36, CI 95% = 0.12 to 0.60, p= 0.005), and intention in access to information (b= 0.45, CI 95% = 0.10 to 0.80, p= 0.014).

Conclusion:

Participants with good knowledge and high intention in access to information affect behavior in accessing information.

 

Keywords:  health students; reproductive health rights; women with disabilities
Petrophysical Evaluation of Mauddud Formation in Selected Wells from Ratawi Oil Field, Southern Iraq
Authors: Hameed Humam Q. , Saleh Afrah H.
Published: September 2021

The objective of this paper is determining the petrophysical properties of the Mauddud Formation (Albian-Early Turonian) in Ratawi Oil Field depending on the well logs data by using interactive petrophysical software IP (V4.5). We evaluated parameters of available logs that control the reservoir properties of the formation, including shale volume, effective porosity, and water saturation. Mauddud Formation is divided into five units, which are distinguished by various reservoir characteristics. These units are A, B, C, D, and E. Through analyzing results of the computer processed interpretation (CPI) of available wells, we observed that the main reservoir units are B and D, being distinguished by elevated values of effective porosity (10%-32%) and oil saturation (95%-30%) with low shale content (6%-30%). Whereas, units A, C, and E were characterized by low or non-reservoir properties, due to high water saturation and low values of effective porosity caused by increased volume shale.
Compactness Property of Fuzzy Soft Metric Space and Fuzzy Soft Continuous Function
Authors: Sabri Raghad I.
Published: September 2021

The theories of metric spaces and fuzzy metric spaces are crucial topics in mathematics.   

Compactness is one of the most important and fundamental properties that have been widely used in Functional Analysis. In this paper, the definition of compact fuzzy soft metric space is introduced and some of its important theorems are investigated. Also, sequentially compact fuzzy soft metric space and locally compact fuzzy soft metric space are defined and the relationships between them are studied. Moreover, the relationships between each of the previous two concepts and several other known concepts are investigated separately. Besides, the compact fuzzy soft continuous functions are studied and some essential theorems are proved.
The Dynamics of Biological Models with Optimal Harvesting
Authors: Al-Nassir Sadiq
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to introduce a concept of an equilibrium point of a dynamical system which will call it almost global asymptotically stable. We also propose and analyze a prey-predator model with a suggested  function growth in prey species. Firstly the existence and local stability of all its equilibria are studied. After that the model is extended to an optimal control problem to obtain an optimal harvesting strategy. The discrete time version of Pontryagin's maximum principle is applied to solve the optimality problem. The characterization of the optimal harvesting variable and the adjoint variables are derived. Finally these theoretical results are demonstrated with numerical simulations.
PFDINN: Comparison between Three Back-propagation Algorithms for Pear Fruit Disease Identification
Authors: Qassir Samar Amil
Published: September 2021

The diseases presence in various species of fruits are the crucial parameter of economic composition and degradation of the cultivation industry around the world. The proposed pear fruit disease identification neural network (PFDINN) frame-work to identify three types of pear diseases was presented in this work. The major phases of the presented frame-work were as the following: (1) the infected area in the pear fruit was detected by using the algorithm of K-means clustering. (2) hybrid statistical features were computed over the segmented pear image and combined to form one descriptor. (3) Feed forward neural network (FFNN), which depends on three learning algorithms of back propagation (BP) training, namely Scaled conjugate gradient (SCG-BP), Resilient (R-BP) and Bayesian regularization (BR-BP), was used in the identification process. Pear fruit was taken as the experiment case during this work with three classifications of diseases, namely fire blight, pear scab, and sooty blotch, as compared to healthy pears. PFDINN framework was trained and tested using 2D pear fruit images collected from the Fruit Crops Diseases Database (FCDD). The presented framework achieved 94.6%, 97.3%, and 96.3% efficiency for SCG-BP, R-BP, and BR-BP, respectively. An accuracy value of 100% was achieved when the R-BP learning algorithm was trained for identification.
Chaos-based Color Image Steganography Method Using 3 D Cat Map
Authors: Hameed Sarab M. , Ali Zuhair Hussein , AL-Khafaji Ghadah K. , Ahmed Safa
Published: September 2021

Steganography is a technique to hide a secret message within a different multimedia carrier so that the secret message cannot be identified. The goals of steganography techniques include improvements in imperceptibility, information hiding, capacity, security, and robustness. In spite of numerous secure methodologies that have been introduced, there are ongoing attempts to develop these techniques to make them more secure and robust. This paper introduces a color image steganographic method based on a secret map, namely 3-D cat. The proposed method aims to embed data using a secure structure of chaotic steganography, ensuring better security. Rather than using the complete image for data hiding, the selection of the image band and pixel coordination is adopted, using the 3D map that produces irregular outputs for embedding a secret message randomly in the least significant bit (LSB) of the cover image. This increases the complexity encountered by the attackers. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated and the results reveal that the proposed method provides a high level of security through defeating various attacks, such as statistical attacks, with no detectable distortion in the stego-image. Comparison results ensure that the proposed method surpasses other existing steganographic methods regarding the Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR).
Dynamics of Twin Deficits, Ricardian Equivalence, and Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle in South Asian Countries
Authors: Munir Kashif , Mumtaz Kinza
Published: September 2021

This study examines the relationship between budget deficit and current account deficit, specifically twin deficits hypothesis, Ricardian equivalence hypothesis, and Feldstein-Horioka puzzle in South Asian countries. Results show that budget deficit and private savings investment balance do not affect current account deficit in the long run and rejects the Keynesian view of twin deficits hypothesis in South Asian countries. No causality exists between current account deficit and budget deficit in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka in short run, while bidirectional causality exists in Bangladesh. Ricardian equivalence hypothesis is rejected in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, while it holds in India and Pakistan. Feldstein-Horioka puzzle exists in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, while it does not exist in India and Pakistan. Structural reforms in fiscal and trade sector are required to avoid emergence of twin deficits, while an active and effective role of government is required for sustainable economic growth.
Determinants of Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Public Transport: A PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Chan Wei Chiang , Wan Ibrahim Wan Hashim , Lo May Chiun , Suaidi Mohamad Kadim , Ha Shiaw Tong
Published: September 2021

Public transport (PT) continues to receive much attention from many countries as a means to reduce traffic congestion, accident, and pollution. Moreover, PT can boost mobility, physical and social leisure activities for the public. To enhance PT ridership, it is important to enhance its customer loyalty. This study is designed to examine the interrelationships between factors such as accessibility, availability, reliability, comfortability, and safety and security, satisfaction, and loyalty. A total of 179 respondents participated in this study. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. The results show that availability, safety and security are positively related to user satisfaction. Moreover, satisfaction has been found to be positively related to loyalty. These results suggest that practitioners should focus on availability and safety and security which can enhance satisfaction followed by loyalty. Scholars are recommended to further study other variables which can impact on satisfaction and loyalty.
PENGARUH KUALIFIKASI PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN GURU MATEMATIKA DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Soekisno R. Bambang Aryan , Zulkarnaen Rafiq
Published: September 2021

Perencanaan pelaksanaan pembelajaran sebagai proses penting dalam mengajar matematika, dalam penyusunan perencanaan pembelajaran melibatkan beberapa komponen diantaranya pengetahuan konten matematika dan pengetahuan pedagogis. Kualitas penyusunan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualifikasi pendidikan dan pengalaman mengajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (a) mengetahui pengaruh kualifikasi pendidikan dan lama mengajar terhadap kemampuan guru matematika dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP); dan (b) mengetahui kualitas pengetahuan guru matematika dalam merumuskan RPP. Studi kasus yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kasus tunggal dan analisis ganda. Kasus yang diamati dalam penelitian ini yaitu kemampuan guru matematika dalam menyusun RPP ditinjau dari kualifikasi pendidikan dan lama mengajar, serta pengetahuan matematika guru dalam menyusun RPP. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 69 guru matematika di Kota Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat. Kualifikasi pendidikan dibagi kedalam tiga kriteria, yaitu: Sarjana Pendidikan Matematika, Sarjana non-Pendidikan Matematika, dan Sarjana non-Pendidikan. Selain kualifikasi pendidikan, ditinjau juga dari lama mengajar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari instrumen tes dan non tes. Instrumen tes berbentuk penyusunan RPP oleh SP pada KD 3.3 dan 4.3 pada materi SPLDV, sedangkan instrumen non tes berbentuk wawancara dan observasi. Simpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan menyusun RPP tidak dipengaruhi oleh lama mengajar, namun sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualifikasi pendidikan, dan kualifikasi pendidikan memberikan dampak secara signifikan tehadap pengetahuan guru matematika.Kata kunci:    Aktivitas matematis, antisipasi pedagogis-didaktis, pengetahuan konten matematika, pengetahuan pedagogis, RPP
Perspectivas y retos regionales en Terapia Ocupacional: una mirada desde la representación de Colombia en la Confederación Latinoamericana de Terapeutas Ocupacionales – CLATO
Authors: Agudelo Orozco Alexander , Zúñiga Bolívar Sandra Marcela , Cristancho González Livet Rocío
Published: September 2021

La Confederación Latinoamericana de Terapeutas Ocupacionales (CLATO) es una organización civil, sin fines de lucro, creada en 1997. Colombia es uno de sus miembros fundadores. El propósito de la CLATO es desarrollar la profesión en la región, fortalecer la identidad y ampliar los campos de acción y cooperación internacional entre las asociaciones, instituciones y organizaciones de estudiantes y profesionales de los países participantes, a través del intercambio de opiniones y acciones gremiales, académicas, científicas y sociales. La situación actual desencadenada por la pandemia y otras realidades plantean retos en diferentes aspectos, algunos de los cuales han sido objeto de reflexiones y acciones al interior de la CLATO y se esbozan en esta editorial.
Benefits of hydrotherapy in fibromyalgia patients
Authors: Dinelli Almeida Luma , Gomes Clara Donayra , Monteiro Pessanha Inna Eduarda , Fernandes Monteiro arah , Matos Chicayban Luciano
Published: September 2021

Patients with fibromyalgia present pain throughout the body, especially muscle, fatigue, non-restorative sleep, anxiety and depression. Hydrotherapy is indicated, as immersion in heated water reduces the load on the joints, promoting muscle relaxation, improving quality of life. To evaluate the effects of hydrotherapy in patients with Fibromyalgia. A non-systematic review was performed using the PubMed and PEDro databases, with randomized clinical trials (RCT) carried out between 2006 and 2021, with the following keywords: hydrotherapy for fibromyalgia, hydrotherapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Six RCTs were included. In five, there was considerable improvement in pain, quality of life and quality of sleep. Of these same studies, two showed gains in strength and mobility due to aerobic exercise and stretching. A study evaluating patients with chronic generalized pain had only a small improvement in quality of life. In addition, patients with mild symptoms had greater treatment success. In relation to depression, two studies evaluated it, but one had no improvement, and the other had a little improvement only in mild depression Hydrotherapy has a positive impact on the treatment of fibromyalgia, as well as on the promotion of well-being, sleep regulation and minimization of symptoms and syndromes manifested as a result of the pathology.
Fisiopatologia e modalidades terapêuticas para tratamento da osteorradionecrose: revisão da literatura
Authors: Aires Carolina Chaves Gama , Silva Judson Portela  da , Vasconcelos Ana Carolina Chagas , Silva Milca Amaral Barros da , Ferraz Nathalia Marilia Pereira , Souza Rosa Rayanne Lins de , Santos Aída Juliane Ferreira dos , Silva Igor Chaves Gama da , Pereira Vinícius Balan Santos , Vasconcellos Ricardo José de Holanda
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura acerca da osteorradionecrose em região de Cabeça e Pescoço, enfatizando sua fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e suas modalidades terapêuticas. Revisão bibliográfica: A osteorradionecrose (ORN) é um grave efeito adverso do tratamento radioterápico das neoplasias que acometem a região de cabeça e pescoço. De uma forma geral, a ORN afeta negativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. As modalidades terapêuticas variam desde a antibioticoterapia local e/ou sistêmica, associadas ou não, aos tratamentos cirúrgicos e terapias regenerativas. Apesar de menos frequentes, terapias com laser de baixa potência associado a terapia fotodinâmica e a oxigenoterapia hiperbárica também são utilizados nos casos de ORN para potencializar e acelerar o processo de reparo, restabelecendo a fisiologia tecidual diminuindo as intervenções cirúrgicas e mutilações. Considerações finais: A prevenção da osteorradionecrose é essencial para prover qualidade de vida aos pacientes submetidos à radioterapia. A terapêutica deve ser minuciosa e avaliada por todos os profissionais envolvidos no processo. A adequação do meio bucal e cirurgias orais antes de iniciar a radioterapia ainda é o tratamento ideal para prevenir a osteorradionecrose.
A Pilot Study to Estimate the Impact of High Matrix Image Reconstruction on Chest Computed Tomography
Authors: Inoue Akitoshi , Johnson Tucker F. , Voss Benjamin A. , Lee Yong S. , Leng Shuai , Koo Chi Wan , McCollough Brian D. , Weaver Jayse M. , Gong Hao , Carter Rickey E. , McCollough Cynthia H. , Fletcher Joel G.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to estimate the impact of high matrix image reconstruction on chest computed tomography (CT) compared to standard image reconstruction.

Material and Methods:

This retrospective study included patients with interstitial or parenchymal lung disease, airway disease, and pulmonary nodules who underwent chest CT. Chest CT images were reconstructed using high matrix (1024 × 1024) or standard matrix (512 × 512), with all other parameters matched. Two radiologists, blinded to reconstruction technique, independently examined each lung, viewing image sets side by side and rating the conspicuity of imaging findings using a 5-point relative conspicuity scale. The presence of pulmonary nodules and confidence in classification of internal attenuation was also graded. Overall image quality and subjective noise/artifacts were assessed.

Results:

Thirty-four patients with 68 lungs were evaluated. Relative conspicuity scores were significantly higher using high matrix image reconstruction for all imaging findings indicative of idiopathic lung fibrosis (peripheral airway visualization, interlobular septal thickening, intralobular reticular opacity, and end-stage fibrotic change; P ≤ 0.001) along with emphysema, mosaic attenuation, and fourth order bronchi for both readers (P ≤ 0.001). High matrix reconstruction did not improve confidence in the presence or classification of internal nodule attenuation for either reader. Overall image quality was increased but not subjective noise/artifacts with high matrix image reconstruction for both readers (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

High matrix image reconstruction significantly improves the conspicuity of imaging findings reflecting interstitial lung disease and may be useful for diagnosis or treatment response assessment.
Isolated late intradural cauda equina metastasis of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Ali Sundus , Qasim Adnan , Salah Rahmatullah , Sarwar Muhammad Rizwan , Usman Muhammad , Shams Shahzad
Published: September 2021

Background:

The cauda equina (CE) is the most common site for intradural extramedullary metastasis from systemic malignancies such as lung, breast, and thyroid carcinomas. However, renal cell carcinomas (RCC), with their high metastatic potential, are rarely responsible for CE metastatic lesions. Here, we report an intradural cauda equina mass, as the first and only site of metastasis of a renal cell carcinoma.

Case Description:

A 55-year-old female had undergone a left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma 8 years ago. She now presented with a unifocal renal cell metastasis to the CE. As such metastases are rare, establishing the correct pathological diagnosis proved to be a challenge.

Conclusion:

The cauda equina was the first and only site of an 8-year-delayed metastasis attributed to a renal cell carcinoma.
A rare case of Streptococcus anginosus infectious intracranial aneurysm: Proper management of a poor prognosis
Authors: Avallone Stephen V. , Levy Adam S. , Starke Robert M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Infectious intracranial aneurysms (IIAs), sometimes referred to as cerebral mycotic aneurysms, are an uncommon but feared compilation of bacterial endocarditis, occurring in up to 5% of all bacterial endocarditis cases. While IIAs carry a low risk of rupture, a ruptured mycotic aneurysm carries devastating neurologic consequences with up to an 80% mortality rate secondary to subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage.

Case Description:

A 69-year-old man undergoing antibacterial therapy for Streptococcus anginosus endocarditis with aortic insufficiency and root abscess presented to the ED with multiple seizures and left-sided weakness. MRI of the head revealed right frontal and temporal abscesses with evidence of scattered septic emboli and subarachnoid hemorrhage. CTA of the head revealed a ruptured 1 mm distal middle cerebral artery mycotic aneurysm. Prior to undergoing surgery, the patient began to decline, becoming lethargic, and failing to respond to commands. The patient underwent endovascular Onyx embolization. After the procedure, the patient remained with partial status epilepticus and was discharged to rehabilitation. Over the following months, the patient made a great recovery and was able to undergo aortic and mitral valve replacement 5 months after neurosurgical intervention.

Conclusion:

This favorable outcome is the result of a tremendous deal of long-term coordination and efficient communication between neurosurgery, cardiology, neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and primary care.
A survey study examining the motivations, concerns, and perspectives of medical students engaging in neurosurgical research
Authors: Barrios-Anderson Adriel , Wu Esther , Liu David D. , Snead Jameson , Lee David J. , Robbins James , Aguirre Jesus , Tang Oliver , Garcia Catherine M. , Pucci Francesco , Anderson Matthew N. , Syed Sohail , Shaaya Elias , Gokaslan Ziya L.
Published: September 2021

Background:

In a competitive landscape for neurosurgical residency admission, research productivity is increasingly important. Medical school applicants to neurosurgery report high numbers of “scholarly products” as published by the National Residency Match Program. Despite increased student involvement in research and productivity, to the best of our knowledge, no previous reported studies have examined student perspectives on their involvement in neurosurgical research.

Methods:

For 2 consecutive years (February 2019 and February 2020), medical students (n = 55) from around the United States presented original research at the Student Neurosurgical Research Conference. Participants were administered a mixed-method survey designed to assess experiences and perspectives on engaging in neurosurgical research. Survey responses were analyzed independently by two researchers to assess for common themes and perspectives.

Results:

Medical students engaged in all types of research work across nearly every neurosurgical subfield with “Basic/Bench Lab work” (38.5%) and “Chart Review” (23.1%) representing the majority of projects. Students commonly cited “curiosity/interest,” and “residency application competitiveness” as main reasons for participation in research. About 66% of respondents reported experiencing anxiety/concern about research productivity “often” or “very often.” Thematic analysis revealed that sources of research-related stress were (1) having enough publications to match into residency, and (2) having enough time in medical school to engage in research.

Conclusion:

Medical students engaging in neurosurgical research are highly motivated students driven by scientific curiosity and pressure to prepare for competitive residency applications. Students experience anxiety due to time constraints in medical curricula and increasing demands for scholarly productivity.
Carotid–carotid crossover bypass after mechanical thrombectomy for internal carotid artery occlusion due to plaque from stenosed innominate artery
Authors: Murakami Tomoaki , Toyota Shingo , Suematsu Takuya , Wada Yuki , Shimizu Takeshi , Taki Takuyu
Published: September 2021

Background:

The treatment for internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) due to innominate artery stenosis is not well established. We herein describe a case of carotid–carotid crossover bypass and common carotid artery (CCA) ligation after mechanical thrombectomy for ICAO due to a plaque from the stenosed innominate artery.

Case Description:

A 70-year-old man was transferred to our hospital because of left-sided hemiparalysis. Head magnetic resonance imaging/angiography showed a cerebral infarction in the right middle cerebral artery area and the right ICAO due to a plaque from the stenosed innominate artery. Immediately, we performed mechanical thrombectomy and successfully attained partial revascularization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Grade 2B). After a conference with cardiovascular group, we performed carotid–carotid crossover bypass and the right CCA ligation. The treatment was successful, and no complications occurred.

Conclusion:

Carotid–carotid crossover bypass and CCA ligation may be a better option for innominate artery stenosis in selected patients.
A case report of frontal spontaneous epidural hematoma associated with cranial osteomyelitis and epidural abscess due to paranasal sinusitis
Authors: Xiao Zongyu
Published: September 2021

Background:

Intracranial epidural hematoma (EDH) is frequently secondary to trauma, but in some rare cases, spontaneous EDH (SEDH) could develop without trauma. Cranial osteomyelitis is an uncommon osseous infection that most frequently presents as a postoperative complication but also rarely originates from paranasal sinusitis and can develop extracranially to form a subperiosteal abscess or intracranially to form an epidural, subdural, or cerebral abscess. Intracranial epidural abscess (EDA) is an uncommon infection that forms in the space between the cranial bone and dura mater. It is rare to have a case of SEDH associated with cranial osteomyelitis and EDA due to paranasal sinusitis.

Case Description:

An 18-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with headache, nausea, and vomiting for 2 days. The patient denied a history of head trauma, operation, and any other infectious and systemic diseases, and he was not taking any medication. CT scan demonstrated a mixed density lenticular mass with some air collection in the frontal region. The axial sinus CT image demonstrated opacification of the left frontal, ethmoid, and maxillary sinuses. An emergency operation confirmed the diagnosis of frontal SEDH associated with EDA and frontal osteomyelitis. The frontal EDH, abscess, and the infected bone were completely removed during the operation without opening the dura. The patient recovered well after receiving 8 weeks of antibiotic therapy, and a cranioplasty was performed 9 months after the craniectomy.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, SEDH associated with EDA is very rare. It is important to recognize the possibility of SEDH associated with cranial osteomyelitis and EDA due to paranasal sinusitis, and the presence of an EDA should, therefore, be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases of SEDH.
Pulmonary cement embolism following transpedicular screws placement for thoracolumbar fractures
Authors: Gomez Fernando Alvarado , Herrera Omar Marroquín , Gaona Jorge L. Villán , Reyes Carlos A. Fuentes , Gutiérrez Martha L. Caicedo , Saenz Luis C. Morales
Published: September 2021

Background:

Symptomatic pulmonary cement embolism in patients undergoing thoracic transpedicular fenestrated screw placement is rare. Here, we have added a 64-year-old female undergoing transpedicular screw placement for a T11 fracture who developed a pulmonary cement embolism intraoperatively and add this case to 13 others identified in the literature.

Case Description:

A 64-year-old female presented with a type “C”, ASIA “E” T11 fracture. The thoracolumbar pedicle screw fixation was supplemented with bone cement due to her underlying severe osteoporosis. During the fluoroscopy-guided supplementation with bone cement, a leak through the paravertebral venous system was noted. Thirty minutes later, the patient acutely developed extreme respiratory failure and required mechanical ventilation for the next 2 days. The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism due to bone cement was confirmed on a contrast computed tomography study of the chest.

Conclusion:

Symptomatic pulmonary cement embolization supplementing transpedicular screws placement for osteoporotic bone is rare. Here, we present a 64-year-old female who during transpedicular fixation of a T11 fracture developed an acute pulmonary embolism from the bone cement resulting in the need for 2 days of postoperative artificial ventilation.
Response of Lettuce Germplasm to Salt Stress at Different Developmental Stages
Authors:   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece, OI Pavli , K Kempapidis ,   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece, L Maggioros ,   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece, C Foti ,   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece, E Panagiotaki ,   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece, EM Khah ,   Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
Published: September 2021

Salinity is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses leading to considerable yield and economic losses worldwide. Lettuce is a relatively salt sensitive species, thus placing the interest in the release of salt-tolerant cultivars to enhance production in saline soils. This study aimed at investigating the response of lettuce germplasm to salt stress at the germination and at the whole plant level and to examine possibilities of early selection for salt tolerant genotypes. Fifteen lettuce commercial varieties were initially screened for salt tolerance on the basis of seed germination and seedling growth potential under salt stress conditions (0, 50, 100, 150 mM NaCl). The in vitro evaluation revealed the existence of considerable genetic variation related to salt tolerance at germination and allowed for the classification of genotypes into tolerant, moderately tolerant and sensitive to salt stress. Based on this classification, six cultivars were assessed at the whole plant level using plant height, chlorophyll content and fresh and dry biomass weight as evaluation criteria. Overall findings point to the existence of a satisfactory association of genotype performance between germination and later growth stages, thus suggesting the feasibility of screening for salt tolerance at early growth stages. This approach may considerably upgrade the efficiency of selecting suitable germplasm material for cultivation in saline soils or introgression into relevant breeding programs.
Relapsing Polychondritis with Chronic lymphocytic Leukemia: Case Report
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Qalqilia, West Bank, Palestine, IA Barham , AAM Wahdan ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Palestine Medical Complex, Ramallah, West Bank, Palestine, SM Ali ,   Department of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Qalqilia, West Bank, Palestine, AS Alaqraa ,   Department of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Qalqilia, West Bank, Palestine
Published: September 2021

Background: Relapsing polychondritis is an autoimmune rheumatic disease which is associated with malignant diseases, rarely CLL. Case Report: We report a case of a patient who presented with a new diagnosis of both relapsing polychondritis RP and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The patient is a 59-year-old woman who presented with : joint pain, skin discoloration, Swollen joints, and nose. Conclusion: Patients with RP should go further investigations to exclude malignant diseases. Objective: Rare disease