bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USING DEBATE ACTIVITIES TO DEVELOP INDONESIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS� SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Wulandari Astri , Ena Ouda Teda
Published: April 2022

This research explores the use of debate activities which are implemented in an Indonesian high school. The aim of this research was to find out students perception on the use of debate activities in improving students speaking skills. The participants of this research were eight students participating in a debate extracurricular club in a public school. It was a descriptive-qualitative research. The data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and interviews. There were three observations in the debate activities. After that, the researchers distributed the questionnaires to the students. Interviews were conducted with eight students. The research result showed that debate activities enriched students vocabulary, improved students confidence, and helped students to become better public speakers.DOI : doi.org/10.24071/llt.2018.Suppl2102
SWEAR WORDS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING-TEACHING
Authors: Andang Kristina , Bram Barli
Published: April 2022

This study attempts to explore the frequency of use of swear words and their implication for English language learning-teaching. Swear words or expletives are usually considered negative or rude to be used even in the United States or United Kingdom as English-speaking countries. In English language learning-teaching, swear words become part of linguistic studies and socio-cultural knowledge for teachers and students. This study aims to resolve two questions, namely first, what swear words have the highest frequency based on COCA and second, what implications of the frequency of swear words are for learners and teachers of English. Data were collected from a survey conducted using Facebook, which is a social medium used widely in both the United States and Indonesia for more than 13 years, and were retrieved from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), more precisely the frequency of swear words. The results of this study are expected to give knowledge on English language learning-teaching in a cultural context.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2018.Suppl2105
EXPLORING PEER-ASSESSMENT PRACTICE IN GRADUATE STUDENTS� ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Dewi Ema Wilianti , Nurkamto Joko , Drajati Nur Arifah
Published: April 2022

This study aims to explore the practice of peer-assessment in academic writing.The current researchers find it urgent to investigate academic writing because ithas rigid rules that can sharpen writers' critical thinking. The products ofacademic writing need to be assessed. Peer-assessment is one of alternatives usedto assess students learning outcomes and monitor students progress in the class.This research is a case study. Data were collected from the first semester students,who joined an academic writing class, of the graduate program of a university inSurakarta. The findings show that peer assessment practice can be effective as oneof the assessment tools to measure students' writing in the academic writing class.DOI:doi.org/10.24071/llt.2019.220106
TEACHING LITERATURE WITH TOUGH TOPICS IN ELT CLASS: BULLYING AND BIGOTRY
Authors: Dewi Novita
Published: April 2022

Literature is an important vehicle to teach character building in language education. Sensitive topics like bullying and prejudice in literary works are helpful to promote understanding and empathy toward others. This article aims to discuss two short stories, namely All Summer in a Day by Ray Bradbury and Shame by Dick Gregory that can be used to increase students critical thinking, conscience, and compassion in language learning. The first half of the article examines the rationale for using short stories with such topics to impart values in language learning. The other half explores the significance of the two stories to use in ELT class. The article concludes that studying literature is, by default, practicing character education and that good support and reinforcement for that purpose can be done by addressing delicate issues that sometimes may appear harsh and unpleasant.DOI:doi.org/10.24071/llt.2019.220107
BOOK REVIEW: EXPLICIT LEARNING IN THE L2 CLASSROOM
Authors: Prasetyo Hardi
Published: April 2022

This book provides a theoretically framed and empirically supported approach to support explicit learning (learning with awareness) in L2 development with a link to learning in the classroom setting. It approaches explicit L2 learning from five perspectives: theory, methodology, empirical work, model building, and pedagogy. It is theoretically based on mentalist or psycholinguistics SLA which posit that L2 development is more cognitive in nature. It also reviews studies which were motivated by cognitive accounts of SLA, more specifically studies on explicit L2 learning. It provides teachers with a model of L2 learning process in instructed SLA, and researchers with reviews on data elicitation procedures (online and offline) in SLA research. This book is written with novice teachers and researchers in mind, therefore it is both theoretical and practical in nature.DOI: 10.24071/llt.2019.220212
COMPOUND WORDS IN ENGLISH
Authors: Christianto Danin
Published: April 2022

Language is a means of communication which is used by living beings to communicate with each other. There are many important components in language to create a successful communication, such as sound, sentence, meaning, and etc. One of the components is word. Word can be considered as a complex part in language since it has many different forms. Compound word, for example, is a word which is formed through one of the word-formation processes by combining one lexical item with another and thus produces a new word with a new meaning. This paper investigates the types of English compounds and the lexical categories which are resulted from the process of compounding. The first results showed that the types of English compounds are endocentric, exocentric, and copulative compounds. The second results showed that the lexical categories resulted from the process of compounding are noun compound, verb compound, and adjective compound. Based on the results, the researcher hopes that readers can gain deeper insight and knowledge on English compound words.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230103
INTEGRATING ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS THROUGH READERS� THEATRE TECHNIQUE FOR READING COMPREHENSION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KENYA
Authors: Kulo Selina Alonya , Kibui Agnes , Odundo Paul
Published: April 2022

Proficiency in reading skills requires a multifaceted technique which incorporates all English language skills. Techniques such as readers theatre assimilates other language skills through adapting and performing scripts which engages learners actively in the reading process for fluency and comprehension. The study explored influence of integrating English language skills to enhance comprehension among learners in secondary schools through an intervention of readers theatre technique. The study adopted socio constructivism in a quasi-experimental pretest posttest design. 426 form three learners and 19 teachers in Kisumu county participated in the study conducted within eight weeks. Participants achievement in reading comprehension was measured using reading skills achievement test to ascertain effect of the intervention. The findings of the study, based on statistical analysis of t-test revealed participants in experimental groups performed better than those in control groups. The study revealed that engaging learners in adapting and performing scripts promoted active interaction with the text resulting in effective comprehension. The study concluded that incorporating language skills in the reading process creates a learner centered class and would be beneficial for enhancing reading comprehension.Corresponding author:Selina Alonya KuloDOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230102
EFL TEACHERS� AND LEARNERS� PERSPECTIVES ON THE PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUCTED LANGUAGE LEARNING: CONFLICT OR CONSENSUS?
Authors: Connor Owen , Nazari Ahmad
Published: April 2022

The developmental nature of second language acquisition research has resulted in various and at times seemingly contradictory theories, methods and approaches. In 2005, Rod Ellis published his Principles of Instructed Language Learning, which he considered to be a set of teaching generalisations that could stimulate debate and reflection among teachers in the post-methods era (Richards Rodgers, 2014). The purpose of this study was to investigate Elliss principles in terms of their perceived relevance and applicability in an adult EFL learning environment. In order to achieve this aim, a mixed methods research approach was utilised. Separate questionnaires were administered to seventy-one students and eight teachers employed in the English Language Department of a Training Institute in Doha, Qatar. Additionally, thirteen students participated in two single sex focus group sessions. The results revealed consensus between students and teachers regarding the importance they placed on some principles, but not others, particularly the contentious issue of meaning vs. form. Furthermore, while both groups emphasised the importance of interaction, many students nonetheless felt uneasy interacting in English with other Arabic speakers. A further key finding was that neither party clearly understood the concept of the learners built-in syllabus. The principal conclusion is that the best way to deal with the aforementioned anomalies involves experimentation with task-based approaches as these allow for a focus on meaning, opportunities for interaction, and a retrospective focus on form via corrective feedback, which takes into account the learners built-in syllabus.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230105
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS AND THEIR INDONESIAN SUBTITLES IN THE GOOD DOCTOR TV SERIES
Authors: Tyasrinestu Patricia , Ardi Priyatno
Published: April 2022

Idiomatic expressions are used to describe things or conditions that cannot be described by plain words. They carry more impacts than non-idiomatic expressions due to their close identification with a particular language and culture. This research investigates idiomatic expressions and their Indonesian subtitles in The Good Doctor TV series. Two research questions are addressed in this study, namely (1) what types of idiomatic expressions are found in The Good Doctor TV series? and (2) how are the idiomatic expressions in the TV series translated into Indonesian? The researchers employed content analysis. The steps of data collection and analysis included taking the transcript and identifying the idiomatic expressions, identifying their meanings and validating them, and comparing the meanings of the two idiomatic expressions. The results revealed that, first, The Good Doctor TV series contained five types of idiomatic expressions, namely substitutes, proper names, English phrasal compound, figure of speech, and slang. Abbreviation was not found in the TV series. Second, there existed six translation strategies to translate idiomatic expressions in English into Indonesian.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230104
ENHANCING ISOLATED GRAMMAR TEACHING THROUGH TRANSLATION: SENTENCE LEVEL AND BEYOND
Authors: Murtisari Elisabet Titik
Published: April 2022

Associated with grammar-translation method, translation is still often seen as a mere replacement of linguistic forms, which is a far cry from its nature as an act of communication. On the other hand, while being criticized for not assisting learners enough to use grammar in a communication context, isolated grammar teaching has its own merits and is still widely practiced. By implementing translation for meaning-making, this action research seeks to examine how translation may be integrated into the traditional grammar teaching to assist tertiary EFL students to learn L2 forms in communicative contexts. With translation employed at the sentence and discourse levels after the practice session, it was revealed through the participants reflections that translation exercises may further consolidate students knowledge of how to use specific forms in various contexts, especially as it relates to lexico-grammatical aspects, help deal with L1 interferences, and are an effective way to raise students awareness of the essential role of grammar in meaning-making.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230112
DEVELOPING ENGINEERING STUDENTS� CRITICAL THINKING FOR PUBLIC SPEAKING THROUGH PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Nangimah Musrifatun
Published: April 2022

Critical thinking skill is crucial for higher education students. However, the development of critical thinking for engineering students has been overlooked. The previous research on students critical thinking in higher education mainly focuses on Humanities and Social Sciences department. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate engineering students critical thinking ability in English public speaking. A case study was carried out on 28 students (18 Males, 8 Females) of Telecommunication Engineering faculty at Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto. The study found that students had the potential to be critical despite their lack of English vocabulary and poor pronunciation ability. They developed critical thinking by understanding the context given, gathering relevant sources as analysis resources, evaluating the gathered information through discussion, and generating the solutions. Evaluative teaching strategies that encourage scaffolding and learning autonomy are needed to enhance their critical thinking.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230106
EFL INSTRUCTORS� BELIEFS ABOUT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SMARTBOARD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING PRACTICES
Authors: Rinekso Aji Budi , Lesagia Okta
Published: April 2022

Recently, the use of ICT in todays English language teaching is quite massive. However, EFL instructors beliefs about the use of smart boards in language teaching practices are scarcely explored. This study aimed to investigate EFL instructors beliefs about the implementation of the smart board as ICT-based learning media. Three EFL instructors across English learning centers were voluntarily involved in this study. Observation and semi-structured interviews were employed as the data collection technique. The data were described and interpreted based on the research questions. The results of this study showed that EFL instructors had positive responses towards the implementation of the smartboard. They stated that the smartboard made the explanation clearer and it was not difficult to be operated. Besides, students enjoyed using the smartboard during the lesson. Finally, the EFL instructors agreed that the smartboard could be implemented in classrooms with high control or supervision by the teachers.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2020.230111
THE BENEFITS OF JOINING ENGLISH DEBATING SOCIETY (EDS) FOR STUDENTS� SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Hetharie Arline Thinesia , Listyani Listyani , Setyarini Maria Christina Eko
Published: April 2022

This qualitative research study aims to analyze the benefits of joining debating club to enhance students speaking skill. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews to inquire students perceptions who performed the most outstanding progress after joining in debating club batch 2014 in UKSW. The research questions used on this study were what are the benefits of joining debating club on speaking skills and how could the debating club enhance the speaking skills. The findings show that there were five aspects of speaking skill and three others soft skill enhanced through debating method. Those skills are fluency, vocabulary, comprehension of the essence of debates, pronunciation, grammar, critical thinking, collaborative learning, and problem solving. The skills were improved though the drilling practices and materials on learning process. The significance of this study is to prove the significant improvement of using debating method to enhance students speaking skill.
EMPOWERING CARE�S EFFECTIVENESS FROM HIGH SCHOOL MATH TO COLLEGE ENGLISH
Authors: Walker Deron
Published: April 2022

Building upon the prior success of a rookie high school math teacher, a veteran English professor also successfully implemented empowering care at a private university in that same urban setting in Southern California. The aforementioned empowering care that contributed to better student learning as measured by district wide tests at the high school level now demonstrated pedagogical success as assessed by student evaluations in the university setting. The purpose of this paper, chronicled from a practitioners point of view, examines how teacher beliefs that all students are capable of learning, operationalized concretely in terms of empowering care, enabled students to achieve impressive academic performances on the aforementioned measures in their respective settings over two consecutive school years (D. Walker S. Walker, 2019).***In this paper, Sunnyside High School, Inland Empire University (IEU) and Desert Valley, California will serve as pseudonyms to maintain the anonymity of the high school, university, district and city. Ms. Jasmine Espinoza and Dr. J. D. Hyde will represent the pseudonyms for the teacher-participants who taught the classes examined in this study.
INTERGENERATIONAL LANGUAGE PREFERENCE SHIFT AMONG CEBUANOS ON THE CEBUANO, FILIPINO, AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES
Authors: Dreisbach Jeconiah Louis , Demeterio III Feorillo Petronilo A.
Published: April 2022

The historical linguistic conflict of the Cebuano people against the Tagalog-based Philippine national language has been evident in the literature written by Cebuano academics. However, there is no published empirical evidence that presents the on-ground language attitudes of the Cebuanos on the Cebuano, Filipino, and English languages. Employing mixed methods research, the researchers found that both generations predominantly use the Cebuano language for everyday communication. A significant difference was observed in the use of Filipino and English languages as the younger generation spoke it more than the elder counterparts. A language shift was also seen from Cebuano to English on the language used formal communication between the generations. Attitudes on everyday communication revealed that Cebuanos prefer to maintain their mother tongue as the language to be used in speaking with family, friends, relatives, and close people seeing that the younger generation has limited vocabulary on the Cebuano language. Respondents mostly favored English to be the language used for formal communication due to its stature as an international language and its association to high socioeconomic standing. A collective majority from both generations would also like to maintain Tagalog-based Filipino to be the Philippine national language.
EFFECTS OF CLASS SIZE ON STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ADO LOCAL GOVERNMENT, EKITI STATE
Authors: Olurotimi Babalola Joseph , Nike Awe Olasunbon
Published: April 2022

The need to get every individual educated in Nigeria necessitated the introduction of education policies like the Universal Primary Education, UPE (1976) and the Universal Basic Education, UBE (1999). The resultant effect of these policies is a steady and constant increase in schools’ enrolment, especially at the primary and secondary school levels. This led to overpopulation in the schools with some classes having as many as sixty students and sometimes above in a single arm. This study, through the analysis of questionnaires administered to students and their teachers, as well as the analysis of the examination results of selected students in JSS2 class looks at the effects of class size on students’ attitude and academic performance in the English language. The result of the analysis confirms a negative effect of large class size on the attitude and academic performance of students in the English language while the effect of small class size is positive on the students’ attitude to the learning of English language and consequently on their academic performance. As a corollary, the study establishes that teachers’ productivity is more positively enhanced in small classes than in large classes. On the basis of the findings, appropriate recommendations are made to ameliorate these negative effects and to reduce the incidence of large class size in our secondary schools in Ekiti State, Nigeria.
THE REPRESENTATION OF 21st CENTURY SKILLS IN AN INDONESIAN EFL TEXTBOOK
Authors: Rinekso Aji Budi
Published: April 2022

Textbooks play an important role in language teaching practices as the core source of knowledge. Meanwhile, the 21st century demands students having more advanced skills to solve the multifaceted and complex life situation. In fact, there are still limited studies evaluating textbooks based on the inclusion of 21st century skills. Looking at the gap, this study aimed to analyze the representation of 21st century skills in an Indonesian EFL textbook. A content analysis research design was applied in this study. The subject of the study was an EFL textbook used by grade 7 students. The results of the study revealed that there were 12 out of 15 of the 21st century skills presented in the textbook. The most dominant skills were communication and collaboration. The representation of the skills was done through some learning activities/tasks such as goal, input, procedure, teacher/learner role, pictures and notes. However, this textbook did not provide sufficient topics and materials about information, communication and technology (ICT). Therefore, it is suggested for further revision to include topics and materials about ICT.
USE OF TRANSLATION STRATEGIES IN WRITING: ADVANCED EFL STUDENTS
Authors: Murtisari Elisabet Titik
Published: April 2022

This qualitative study examines how advanced EFL learners use translation in writing, its perceived effects on their written product, and their feelings concerning its use. As translation is generally associated with less competent students, this research focuses on high-level ones. Involving 29 advanced EFL students from a reputable English language faculty in Indonesia, the study collected data through questionnaires using close and open-ended questions. This research demonstrated that, although employed less, translation was still a crucial means for scaffolding among the students. It was shown that creating short chunks in L1 for subsequent translation was the most common strategy while all the participants also self-reportedly practiced mental translations from L1 to L2 in various degrees. This resort to translation often seemed inevitable, but students revealed having mixed feelings towards the use of the interlingual strategy. This study highlights the need to develop awareness among language learners that translation is a valid tool of language learning and the necessity to teach them the skill to translate.
THE CORRELATION OF ENGLISH PROFICIENCY LEVEL AND TRANSLATION STRATEGIES USED BY INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS
Authors: Yulita Delti
Published: April 2022

The importance of using translation to improve English language proficiency has been a debatable topic, specifically the effect of learners’ proficiency level in which dictate how the learners use the translation as a learning strategy. Thus, this study was purposed to find out the relationship between English proficiency level and EFL learners’ use of translation strategies. The Inventory for Translation as a Learning Strategy (ITLS) questionnaire was administered to 40 University students that divided into B2 and B1 based on CEFR level. One-way ANOVA results show that both learners are highly using translation as a learning strategy with mean score 3. Nonetheless, the significance difference was found in using translation to improve English skills such as reading, writing, speaking, and listening in which high proficient learners were less likely using translation strategies than low proficient. Furthermore, the correlation analysis shows the negative correlation between English proficiency and translation strategies and a positive correlation in using translation to find differences and similarities between L1 and L2. The pedagogical implications present that high and low proficient learners were benefited using translation strategies to enhance their English skills.
RETHINKING TEACHING AND LEARNING LANGUAGE IN THE NEW ERA: LESSONS FROM THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN TANZANIA
Authors: Upor Rose Acen
Published: April 2022

This study examines the language teaching and learning experiences in Tanzania that were prompted in response to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related school closures. Crucial to the study was determining how students’ and teachers’ coped with language teaching and learning and determining technological resources and their usefulness in language teaching and learning.A total of 127 students (74 female, 53 male) and 33 teachers participated in the study. The study revealed that the reception of educational broadcasting was low among the participants while reliance on mobile learning increased, the participants faced challenges when they attempted to cope with the shift to technology-based formats for language teaching and learning, and students were not fully able to develop the autonomy of learning on their own partly due to the unpreparedness for the shift to technology-based learning.Overall, the results confirm that web resources, SNS, and applications are rapidly becoming a resource for native speaker input for students learning English in foreign language learning contexts.
THE RHETORICAL IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION OF ENGLISH INSTRUCTORS IN ONLINE ENGLISH COURSES ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors: Tanasale Inggrit
Published: April 2022

The superior image of native English teachers portrayed in ELT professionalism has been heavily criticized among scholars by raising awareness on the expertise than nativeness or races. However, the study is scarce regarding how online discourse such as web-based advertisement of English language courses rhetorically depicts their language instructors: a native speaker and local teachers. To fill this gap, the purposes of this study are to examine the attributes of language instructors and any potential discriminatory or privileged presentation evoke in the online ads. The initial analysis was done within twenty English course sites to view overall trends of English instructors' attributes in several websites in Indonesia. I then closely explored two websites, WSE and TBI, and how they textually and visually privilege and discriminate the competences of native English teachers or local teachers. The result shows the dominant rhetoric of native English teachers as English language experts. The findings of this study reveal that despite the scholarly effort to challenge native English speaker/teacher orientation, the educational institutions still perpetuate the hegemony of native speakers as the ideal model in English within online platforms.
Dale W. Jorgenson: An Intellectual Biography
Authors:   INSEAD, Fernald John ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: April 2022

Dale W. Jorgenson has been a central contributor to a wide range of economic and policy issues over a long and productive career. His research is characterized by a tight integration of economic theory, appropriate data that matches the theory, and sound econometrics. His groundbreaking work on the theory and empirics of investment established the research path for the economics profession. He is a founder of modern growth accounting: Official statistics in many countries, including the United States, implement Jorgenson’s methods. Relatedly, without Jorgenson’s unflagging efforts, consistent industry KLEMS datasets for many countries—which have been widely used in recent decades for growth accounting, econometrics, and other applications—would not exist. Jorgenson is also a pioneer in econometric modeling of producer and consumer behavior and of econometrically estimated, intertemporal general equilibrium modeling for policy analysis.
Phylogenetic and genome-wide mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating in Nigeria: no implications for attenuated COVID-19 outcomes
Authors: Kolawole Daniel B. , Okeke Malachy I.
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates are low in Nigeria compared to global trends. This research mapped the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Nigeria and globally to determine whether the Nigerian isolates are genetically distinct from strains circulating in regions of the world with a high disease burden.Methods: Bayesian phylogenetics using BEAST 2.0, genetic similarity analyses, and genome-wide mutational analyses were used to characterize the strains of SARS-CoV-2 isolated in Nigeria.Results: SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Nigeria showed multiple lineages and possible introductions from Europe and Asia. Phylogenetic clustering and sequence similarity analyses demonstrated that Nigerian isolates were not genetically distinct from strains isolated in other parts of the globe. Mutational analysis demonstrated that the D614G mutation in the spike protein, the P323L mutation in open reading frame (ORF) 1b (and more specifically in NSP12), and the R203K/G204R mutation pair in the nucleocapsid protein (ORFN) were most prevalent in the Nigerian isolates.Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 strains in Nigeria were neither phylogenetically nor genetically distinct from virus strains circulating in other countries of the world. Thus, differences in SARS-CoV-2 genomes are not a plausible explanation for the attenuated COVID-19 outcomes in Nigeria.
INVESTIGATION OF LAND SUITABILITY FOR DUKU PLANTS AT RASUAN AND UJAN MAS IN SOUTH SUMATERA
Authors: Juairiyah Oktaf , Bernas Siti Masreah , Yustian Indra
Published: April 2022

Duku becomes a seasonal flagship commodity in South Sumatra. In the process of growth and production of duku, environmental and soil factors are very influential including pH, C-organic, Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K). The purpose of this study was to find out the suitability class of land for duku plants at two locations of duku plants based on age. The research was conducted by sampling of soil in two locations, namely Rasuan Village of OKU Timur and Ujan Mas of Muara Enim with the grouping of the age of duku plants under 25 years, between 25-49 years, 50-75 years and over 75 years. The results shows that the suitability of land for duku plant in Rasuan Village is more suitable than in Ujan Mas Village. The suitability of land in Rasuan Village is indicated by higher soil pH, C- Organic, N Total, and K values than in Ujan Mas Village. The age of the plant also affects the biological C-Organic and P2O5.
Sistema híbrido para asistir los procesos de diseño de ingeniería hacia la industria 4.0
Authors:   , Lira Hernández Iván Alonso
Published: April 2022

El desarrollo de la presente investigación tiene diversos propósitos, en primer lugar, fue posible proponer una metodología de diseño para ingeniería y que a su vez se integra en la propuesta de un sistema híbrido el cual tiene como designio generar un conjunto de procesos que asistan al diseño de ingeniería, así como enfocarlos hacia la industria 4.0. También enfatizar la importancia del diseño y la relación con otras disciplinas como son los materiales, la ingeniería y la manufactura, además de empezar a ubicar al diseño dentro de los principales campos de conocimiento que existen y que se tienen bastante identificados, clasificados y ubicados como los son por ejemplo el campo científico, tecnológico y artístico. De las cuatro disciplinas mencionadas existen dos que se han empleado y utilizado con mayor frecuencia; y son justamente el diseño y la ingeniería, aunque las otras dos también han sido desarrolladas a lo largo de la investigación. Ya que también se ha determinado una propuesta sobre la selección de los materiales en el diseño de ingeniería. Sin embargo, el trabajo desarrollado no sólo está en función de ellas, existen otros conceptos fundamentales los cuales son sobre las metodologías de diseño y las herramientas tecnológicas.
Droplet Formation and Emulsification using Microfluidic Channels: A Review
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Giani Zail Singh Campus College of Engineering & Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India., Singh Satpal
Published: April 2022

For the production of simple to complex emulsions, Microfluidic channels are becoming encouraging devices for the future. Microfluidic provides an investigation platform where the fluid quantity is in micro scale or nano scale. So performing experiments and investigation with the help of miniature devices offers numerous benefits such as very small quantity requirements of reagents, reduced wastage, and high control. There are several significant fluid dynamic applications at the micro-scale level, for instance, drug delivery (pharmaceuticals), flow chemistry, food processing, biotechnology, Industrial and environment sciences, life sciences and microbiology, etc. For the synthesis of emulsions through bulk emulsion procedure, the required accuracy in size and structure of fluid droplets usually get scarified. However, an emulsion can form accurately by fabricating even a single drop at a time with the help of micro fluidic devices. Also, the formation of highly mono disperse emulsion droplets is possible by using various microfluidic channel configurations. Further, the fabrication of higher-order or complex emulsions with the precise control over their structures can also be possible with this technology. The present article is presenting a review on the mechanism of generation of stable emulsion byusing microfluidic channels. The droplet generation mechanism is complex process where interfacial tension, viscous force, inertia effect and other geometrical parameters collectively govern the breakup process. For emulsion generation, various passive methods like Flow focusing, Co-flowing, membrane emulsification and T-shape junctions with their governing mechanism are discussed. Also the effect of physical parameters such as temperature, viscosity and interfacial tension are summarized in this article.
Study and Investigation of Characterization Techniques, Synthesis and Applications of Nanoparticle
Authors:   Student, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, Maharashtra, India., Pendhari Asiya S
Published: April 2022

Nanotechnology is very important for the current century. Any atomic molecule ranging from 1 to 100 nanometre is known as nanomaterial. This review is about characterisation, synthesis and applications of the nanoparticles. The techniques such as X-ray diffraction, SEM, EDX, TEM, DC Conductivity, PSA and TG/DTA were used for the characterization of nanoparticles characterisation of nanoparticles is necessary for understanding its aspects and applications. In synthesis of nanoparticles we have studied physical and chemical aspects of nanoparticles such as size, shapes and chemical composition. Classification of nanoparticles is also studied in this review. The three dimensional structures of the particles can be studied by using HRTEM, STEM, EELS and EFTEM. The prime application of the nanomaterial is in the field of biomedical for drugs, gene delivery and cancer therapeutics. It is widely used in the display of television and monitors. In food technology it is used for the protection and packaging of food materials. And it has also made the construction materials affordable.
Applications of IoT in Manufacturing: Issues and Challenges
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Martin’s Engineering College, Dhulapally Road, Secunderabad, Telangana State, India., Madugula Lavanya
Published: April 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the global network of inter-related physical devices such as sensors, objects, computing devices, mechanical instruments, smart applications and human resources that are becoming an essential part of the internet. These devices are the sources of data which provide abundant information in manufacturing processes. In an industrial environment, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) plays a pivotal role in manufacturing. IIoT is the transformation of manufacturing process by making the industries more efficient, productive, and smarter. In order to survive, withstand in the market place and gain competitive advantage, the manufacturers are initiating to leverage IIoT technologies and data analytics. With globalization, global competitive pressures are challenging industries and manufacturing companies to manage the gaps in the workforce skills, drive out inefficiencies from the existing systems and enhance their business opportunities. The world is plunging into an era of data inter-connectivity and companies are able to enhance their production after adapting new technologies. In this context, this paper provides an understanding of the concept of IIoT and smart manufacturing. Further, the paper discusses in detail the issues concerning different applications of IoT in the industrial sector; and presents the challenges encountered in an IoT-based Industrial Data Management System (IDMS), which can manage the huge industrial data, support online monitoring and control smart manufacturing.
echnology and the Environment – A Framework for a Symbiotic Relationship
Authors:   Principal Lecturer, Operations, Technology, Events and Hospitality Management Business School, All Saints Campus, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom., Blair Garry
Published: April 2022

Technology pervades every aspect of modern life and the recent pandemic has increased our reliance on and usage of technology to overcome the constraints of movement that have necessarily been imposed on populations. This has allowed society to proceed with business and social activity via the virtual world. Most of the major advances of society have been driven by technology to form new paradigms. However, these have brought their own problems, with the creation of pollution, waste, depletion of natural resources, exploitation of the workforce, and destruction of the natural world. This paper aims to consider the requisite changes to use technology to sustain our environment, highlighting the attempts to reverse the destructive trends driven by technological advancement. The required contingency framework for technology is discussed, in respect of its central aspects. The principal theme is that technology, in terms of the creation of tools for human usage, is neutral, however, the focus of society towards investing in technologies and the manner in which technologies are used is not neutral. The potential for political, social, and economic agenda exists, underpinning decisions in these spheres, so human interest drives this technological change. This article outlines the key themes leading to the development of a symbiotic approach to the relationship between technology and environment. The requisite change drivers for technology projects are considered, such as the ‘triple bottom line’ approach that encompasses society and the environment together with profit as factors in decision-making and the use of global virtual teams, to run and maintain such projects and their resultant products and services.The article uses a review of a range of literature to consider these central themes to enable and encourage technological change that sustains the environment, in respect of the natural and social worlds. A framework is proposed in order to provide an initial consideration of the topic and as a vehicle for future research into this area.
Risk Management in the Post Pandemic Business Environment
Authors:   Assessor, INPD, Blackthorn House, Appley Bridge, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom., Blair Garry
Published: April 2022

The requirement to address risk in the prevailing business environment has been accentuated due to the constraints of the pandemic. It is proposed that the nature of risk context has been fundamentally altered by the global events of COVID. This paper provides a perspective that is based on an exploratory study of the identification and addressing of risk, in terms of business projects.A review of the literature has been undertaken and the key themes for the study topic identified. A senior manager, who is responsible for risk management at a company that runs international projects, was interviewed in an empirical study. A thematic analysis was performed, employing an inductive approach, in this research into a single case. The aim was to contribute to the prevailing literature and enhance understanding of the post pandemic business environment, in respect of risk management.The principal questions concerning risk and risk management are discerned. The objective is to consider risk in the post pandemic environment, in order to improve understanding of the issues relevant to business. The requirement to address these issues is also covered, with an attempt to determine the main themes from the research, in order to assist practitioners.The use of technology to support business continuity and achieve business objectives during the pandemic is discussed. An articulation of Lewin’s change model is proposed to summarise this work and assist in the comprehension of the contemporary situation.
An Evaluation of Challenges of Rural Road Construction Management in Budhinanda Municipality, Nepal
Authors:   Lecturer, School of Engineering, Pokhara University, Kaski, Nepal., Joshi Buddhi Raj
Published: April 2022

The overall objective of the study was to evaluate the management related challenges on upgrading and maintenance of the rural road and to find causes of road construction on an impromptu basis in Budhinandha Municipality.A questionnaire was developed after a literature survey in five-point Likert Scale and surveyed purposively and ranked by Relative Importance Indices (RII). This study revealed that five top-ranked management challenges were found to be dispute on alignment selection, improper water management, release of the budget at end of the fiscal year, land acquisition problem during track opening and widening, lack of clear technical specification and weak geology. And five top-ranked causes of road construction on an ad-hoc basis were budget allocation at end of the fiscal year, political and committee interference during the selection of road alignment, lack of preparation of Transportation Master Plan (TMP), lack of sufficient Technical staff and lack of proper project monitoring by a responsible team of Municipality.The high amount of repair and maintenance cost and environmental protection due to haphazard use of dozer on road construction could significantly be reduced, if government authority enforces to follow design standards, understanding the community value, and implementation of bioengineering approach during road construction.
Assessment of Household Cement Consumption Pattern in Pokhara Metropolitan City
Authors:   Post Doctoral Research Scholar, Srinivas University, India and Associate Professor, Madan Bhandari Memorial Academy Nepal, Urlabari 3, Morang, Nepal., Mishra, Anjay Kumar
Published: April 2022

Cement is a major construction material used in civil engineering works due to which its demand is very high. A proper cement brand selection is a tough task. Different brands have different pricing and quality because they are from different origin and industries. The consumers and suppliers of the cement market may feel that every brand they are buying and selling is of good quality. Most of the cement may conform to the minimum standard for use. The study has been focused to assess the consumption of different cement brands available in the Pokhara metropolitan city. To carry out the research, cement supplier’s data and field data were collected. Consumers within the study area were considered during the survey. Visual inspection of maximum sites was done. The different brands of cement in use at the site were examined by field survey and analysis was done on SPSS software to obtain the results. Maximum cement consumers choose Shivam (30%) in OPC type and Brij cement (25%) in PPC type. During the selection of the cement, consumers are mainly affected by contractors with (35%) without any quality test of cement. 15% of the cement consumers don’t know about the brand of cement they are using in their household construction. 77.50% of the consumers don’t do quality assurance with engineers during household construction. 70% of the cement consumers are unknown about the concrete ratio in structural members. 97.5% of the cement consumers are unaware of the manufacturing date. Only 12.50% of the cement consumers are affected by advertisement of cement. 80% of the RMC company uses Shivam cement and 20% uses Argakhachi cement. A positive increasing trend of annual cement consumption is seen from 2070 BS to 2076 BS. Cement consumption forecasting for 2080 BS would be 289942.089 metric ton with upper bound and lower bound consumption being 209742.725 metric ton and 370141.450 metric ton respectively. Cement consumption from RMC suppliers in the study area in 2080 BS would be 49125.005 metric ton with upper bound and lower bound consumption being 59572.830 metric ton and 38677.190 metric ton respectively.
Assessment of Occupational Safety Practice of Building Construction Sites: A Case from Bharatpur Municipality, Nepal
Authors:   Master’s Scholar, Untied Technical College and Chairman of Versatile Engineering Solution Pvt. Ltd., Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal., Koirala Achyut
Published: April 2022

Occupational safety is a challenging issue in construction industry all around the world. It is even more of a challenge in a developing country like Nepal, where construction industry is growing so much that the safety aspect is usually overlooked. Also, the different nature of construction, such as tunnel construction, high-rise buildings, roads, bridges etc. add to the complexity of construction industry and hence the challenge of maintaining safety as different job have different safety problems. So the research was scoped to study about safety status in building construction sites and also and to assess the ways to improve safety practices. For the study purpose, a field observation was carried out at two building construction sites in Bharatpur Municipality. Data about use of PPE as safety practice was collected using a checklist survey and the analysis showed that the practice was not satisfactory in the observed sites. A questionnaire survey was carried out to identify the likelihood and consequences of different risks that could occur in building projects and risk level rating was assigned to the risks identified. Falling from height and electric shocks were assigned top two ratings. Questionnaire survey was then carried out to explore the ways that could improve the safety practices at a construction site. Safety brief before start of work each day on work site, regular training & awareness related to health & safety to workers and compulsory use of PPE on construction site were identified as best three ways.
Physicochemical Water Quality Indicators in the Neretva River Basin (B&H) With Reference to Ecological Conditions for Endemic Salmonids
Authors: Rozić Irena , Ivanković Anita
Published: April 2022

Due to its natural features, the Neretva River has been interesting throughout its stream for the construction of energy facilities, as well as its tributaries Rama, Trebišnica, Tihaljina, Lištica. Jablanica (1955), HPP Rama (1968), CHE Čapljina (1979), HPP Salakovac (1981), HPP Grabovica (1982), HPP Mostar (1987), HPP Peć Mlini, HPP Mostarsko blato have been built on the Neretva River and its tributaries. HPP. The aim of this paper is to determine the state of chemical and physical parameters of water in reservoirs and streams, as well as the parameters of the aquatic environment in which endemic salmonids previously lived and the possibility of revitalization of these watercourses. The ecological conditions of the Neretva reservoirs for the life of Neretva-endemic fish and the similarity to the conditions in the natural course of Neretva before the construction of the dam were examined. The research was conducted during 2017 and 2018 at several locations in the Neretva river basin (reservoirs and streams).