bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of α-hairpinin in the genome of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus)
Authors: Silva Alves Maria Cidinaria , Cabral da Silva Ruana Carolina , Quaresma Sayonara
Published: September 2024

Antimicrobial α-Hairpinin peptides are sources of bioactive molecules with significant structural diversity and various biological activities. Phaseolus lunatus, known as lima bean, is a plant from the Fabaceae family, native to Central and South America. It is the second most important legume agronomically and economically in tropical regions, after the common bean. Due to its importance, several omics studies have been recently conducted on this species. The research aimed to characterize the antimicrobial peptides of the α-hairpinin family in the lima bean genome by analyzing their physicochemical properties, in silico biological activities, and three-dimensional structure. To this end, α-hairpinin sequences were identified according to the cysteine pattern characteristic of this protein family. After target identification, a search for conserved domains, signal peptides, and subcellular localization was conducted. Molecular mass, isoelectric point, grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY), and biological activities were also analyzed, and a three-dimensional model of the candidate was generated. Following the mining process, an α-hairpinin sequence from P. lunatus (PlHrp1) was identified. PlHrp1 consisted of 41 amino acids, was predicted to be in the extracellular region, had an isoelectric point of 6.28, a mass of 4.81 kDa, and a gravy of -1.078. The alignment revealed that PlHrp1 contained the 4 conserved cysteine residues. In silico activity analyses demonstrated that PlHrp1 exhibited antifungal and antibacterial activities, with no antiviral activity. The secondary structure displayed two antiparallel α-helices connected by a loop. The model described 94.4% of amino acid residues in favorable positions. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of α-hairpinin peptides in the Phaseolus lunatus genome, highlighting the presence of this peptide family in the lima bean species and offering insights into their potential.
To the 115th Anniversary of the Birth of Mykola Bogolyubov
Authors: Zagorodny A. , Zasenko V. , Perepelytsya S.
Published: September 2024

On August 21, we mark the 115th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding scientist Mykola Mykolayovych Bogolyubov. During the current times of severe trials for our country caused by the war, we obtain moral support by recalling the selfless activity of this remarkable person. His life was devoted to science, and he made an invaluable contribution to the development of physics and mathematics in Ukraine.
Continuous Time Randon Walks with Resetting in a Bounded Chain
Authors: Christophorov L.N.
Published: September 2024

The model of classical random walks with Poissonian resetting in a one-dimensional lattice is analyzed in detail in its general version. A special emphasis is made on the resetting effects that emerge due to the variety of arbitrary initial and boundary conditions. A quantum analog of the model is also discussed.
Reducing Iatrogenic Blood Losses in Premature Infants
Authors: Sharma Megha , Bowman Emily , Zheng Feng , Spencer Horace J. , Shukri Shaymaa-Al , Gates Kim , Williams Misty , Peeples Sara , Hall Richard W. , Schootman Mario , Landes Sara J. , Curran Geoffrey M.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Iatrogenic blood losses from repetitive laboratory testing are a leading cause of anemia of prematurity and blood transfusions. We used an implementation science approach to decrease iatrogenic blood losses during the first 3 postnatal weeks among very low birth weight infants.

METHODS

We performed qualitative interviews of key stakeholders to assess implementation determinants (ie, barriers and facilitators to reducing iatrogenic blood losses), guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Next, we selected implementation strategies matched to these implementation determinants to de-implement excess laboratory tests. The number of laboratory tests, amount of blood taken (ml/kg), and laboratory charges were compared before and after implementation using quasi-Poisson and multi-variable regression models.

RESULTS

Qualitative interviews with 14 clinicians revealed implementation-related themes, including provider-specific factors, recurring orders, awareness of blood loss and cost, and balance between over- and under-testing. Implementation strategies deployed included resident education, revised order sets, blood loss and cost awareness, audit and feedback, and the documentation of blood out. There were 184 and 170 infants in the pre- and postimplementation cohorts, respectively. There was an 18.5% reduction in laboratory tests (median 54 [36 − 80] versus 44 [29 − 74], P = .01) in the first 3 postnatal weeks, a 17% decrease in blood taken (mean 18.1 [16.4 − 20.1] versus 15 [13.4 − 16.8], P = .01), and an overall reduction of $290 328 in laboratory charges. No difference was noted in the number of blood transfusions. Postimplementation interviews showed no adverse events attributable to implementation strategies.

CONCLUSIONS

An implementation science approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods reduced laboratory tests, blood loss, and charges.
A global fairtrade partnership needed to address injustices in the supply chains of clean energy technology materials
Authors: Nsude Chinedu C. , Wimhurst Joshua J. , Debnath Ramit
Published: September 2024

Renewable sources produced close to one-third of the world’s electricity in 2023. However, a limited but growing body of research suggests rapid renewable energy development is leading to conflict and resource exploitation in energy-transitioning communities. Such injustices are attributable to the extractivist nature of renewable energy development, where raw materials, also known as Clean Energy Technology Materials (CETMs), are in limited quantities and often concentrated in resource-constrained zones in the Global South. In this perspective, we call for an urgent need for energy justice considerations in CETM’s supply chain. We used demand projection data from 2020 to 2040 to look into the effects of important CETMs like nickel, cobalt, and lithium on distributive justice. We also examined the potential of these effects to tackle systemic injustices such as conflict, labor exploitation, and transactional colonialism. Next, we analyzed global mining production data from the United States Geological Survey using a CETM life cycle lens and found that increasing demand for these materials is exacerbating restorative injustices, particularly in the Global South. Finally, building on the above evidence, we called for the creation of multi-stakeholder partnerships and the establishment of fair trade standards across the critical CETM supply chain.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

Here, we analyzed the projected demand growth for selected clean energy technology materials by 2040 relative to 2020 levels using data from the International Energy Agency, visualized their global mining production using data from the United States Geological Survey, explained how the demand for these materials is exacerbating certain injustices, and recommended multi-stakeholder partnerships across the supply chain of these materials.

Discussion

The rapid growth of renewable energy technologies is creating injustices throughout the supply chain of clean energy technology materials (CETM).

A lack of any energy justice framework across CETMs’ extraction, processing, decommissioning, and recycling is exacerbating restorative injustices, especially in the Global South.

By examining the projected demands and geospatial patterns for the extraction of minerals, metals, and other materials essential for clean energy technology development, the inequities faced by impoverished, marginalized, and Indigenous communities become apparent.

We argue that if coffee can have fair trade standards across its supply chain, why can’t we have similar considerations for the CETMs?

There is a need to include transparency in the sustainability, ethics, and energy efficiency of CETM extraction and processing through global partnerships across its supply chain.
Media Text as an Object of Active Reading in the Digital Age of Media Development
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Oleshko Vladimir F. , Gavrilov Viktor V. ,   Surgut State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2024

The article identifies the problem of the inability of students (schoolchildren and students) to analyse art texts in general and media texts in particular in depth and to interpret them within the framework of the cultural paradigm of society. The reason for this situation is seen in the loss of motivation to read printed publications. The digitalisation of the information space has given rise to the phenomenon of ‘clip’ thinking among young people. Young people are able to find the information they need, but cannot always compare it with other facts, verify it and draw the necessary conclusions on the basis of logical operations of analysis and synthesis. In this connection, it is necessary, within the framework of media education, to educate an active reader capable of interpreting media texts competently and generating his or her own meanings based on culturally appropriate norms. Algorithms for analysing such texts are poorly developed in Russian methodology. One of the ways of forming an active reader can be the use of analysing the conceptosphere of a media text (linguocultural approach). The selection of concepts will help the reader to identify the problem of the media text, relate it to the socio-cultural norm, and create new meanings within the mental field of the nation. The novelty of the study is the proposal to evaluate media text from a linguocultural perspective. Relying on the works of such researchers as Y. V. Kazarin, L. G. Babenko, V. N. Telia and others, the author comes to the conclusion that reading and analysing a media text should be done taking into account its correlation with the culture of the people and social attitudes. Identification of concepts, creation and description of the conceptosphere (the basic concept and the immediate periphery) of the text will make it possible to identify the coincidence or inconsistency of the cultural tradition and the author’s intentions. It is such work that can become one of the elements of active reading in modern conditions, taking into account socio-cultural transformations. Thus, with active, conscious reading the reader becomes a subject of the media field, is able to enrich and even transform it.
Respectful Forms of Address in Russian Speech Tradition and Modern Media Space
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Rodina Inna V. , Piiadina Elizaveta M. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2024

The article examines the features of the Russian linguistic and cultural tradition, in which, due to historical and social factors, there are no neutral universal respectful vocative expressions to audiences. We performed an analysis of vocatives used in modern Russian media, based on more than 400 contexts. The results of the study demonstrate the degree of influence of tradition on formal and informal communications in the media and ways to overcome the limitations that the tradition imposes.
Interactive Tools of Creative Activity in the Russian Nuclear Town Hyperlocal Media
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Shurko Ilya I.
Published: September 2024

The uncertainty and volatility of the digital age turn people to their immediate environment. From this point of view, hyperlocal media are of practical interest. An important dialogue with the local community can take place on social media. Interactive tools, contributions from freelance authors and audiovisual content contribute to maintaining effective contact. The study raises the question of the interactive potential of hyperlocal media in Russia’s nuclear cities, as the territories where nuclear power plants are located demonstrate a faster pace of digitalisation. The results of qualitative content analysis and live monitoring allow us to assert that such resources apply certain web tools. Additionally, it is revealed that the introduction of interactive practices increases the virality of media products. It is suggested that nuclear cities as territories of sustainable development are interested in networking platforms where members of the local community exchange opinions and put forward useful initiatives, and thus can jointly develop additional measures to support them.
Graham Greene: His Faith, Civic Position and His ‘Quiet’ Americans
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Babenko Vladimir G.
Published: September 2024

Graham Green is regarded as the greatest figure in the history of the 20th century British novel, a master of psychological portrait and unforgettable plot. The Catholicism he declared contradicted the dogmas of official church Catholicism, because it was always a complex fusion of belief in God, ideological and political aspirations, and real psychological states of people in certain social situations. Green’s creative and journalistic heritage is huge and worthy of the largest volume of research. The purpose of this anniversary article is to characterise the main stages of Green’s spiritual and creative evolution as a novelist during the most fruitful decades of his life (1930–1960s), to highlight those of his works that most clearly express his civic position, the study of which, especially in terms of his attitude to the United States, seems so relevant today. The author’s task is to analyse the evolution of the hero of Green’s novels from “England Made Me” to “The Comedians” against the background of contemporary socio-political changes on the planet. Elements of the method of historical-comparative analysis are used, as well as the memoirs of the author of the article.
Vsevolod Meyerhold: avant-garde and reformer of theatrical culture
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kirillova Natalia B.
Published: September 2024

The object of the research in this article is the work of an outstanding figure of Russian theatrical culture Vsevolod Emilevich Meyerhold, whose 150th birthday is celebrated in 2024. An actor and director, teacher and theorist, he left an indelible mark on the history of theatrical art of the XX century, the search and discovery of which became the property of not only Russian, but also world artistic culture. Considering the problems of the evolution of Meyerhold’s work (from the aesthetics of symbolism to the theater of the social mask and synthetic theater), the author focuses on those phenomena of his artistic heritage, some of which remained experiments, while others served as the basis for the development of a new theatrical system.
Synthesis of Eastern And Western Cultural Traditions in the Work of Sergey Slonimsky (Using the Example of the Vocal Cycle “Nadira’s Gazelle”)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Devyatova Olga L.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of interaction between the cultures of East and West, examined using the example of the work of the St. Petersburg composer S. M. Slonimsky and his vocal cycle “Gazelles of Nadira”. The article highlights the contribution of the Uzbek poetess of the 19th century to culture, the features of her poetic style that influenced the concept and musical style of Slonimsky’s romances. The conclusion is made about the organic synthesis in music of the vocal cycle of the oriental style, typical of the musical culture of the 19th century, with the modern vocabulary of the master of the 20th–21st centuries.
Predictors of Procrastination
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Vindeker Olga S. , Lubina Daria S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the results of an empirical study on the influence of certain traits of HEXACO personality, as well as coping strategies, reflection, and emotional patterns on procrastination behavior. The study aims to test hypotheses about the differences in the severity of these characteristics among individuals with varying levels of procrastination, as well as to identify predictors of procrastination within these characteristics. The authors found out that quasi­reflection and a lack of emotional control (positive predictors) as well as conscientiousness and planning (negative predictors) are associated with procrastination. These findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interplay between personal characteristics and procrastination behaviors. They also allow us to envision the potential of working with these identified personality traits in the fight against procrastination.
Additional analysis of red blood cell distribution width improves the predictive value of the GRACE 2.0 score for 18-month mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Hoang T. H. , Maiskov V. V. , Merai I. A. , Kobalava Zh. D.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To identify whether the addition of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) could improve the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score 2.0 in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Material and methods. This prospective observational study included 577 AMI patients who underwent coronary angiography within 24 hours after symptom onset. Admission RDW was measured as part of the automated complete blood count. GRACE 2.0 score at admission was calculated. The clinical endpoint was 18-month all-cause mortality. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive values of RDW. Area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were calculated to evaluate the increment of predictive value for the combination of RDW with GRACE 2.0 score in predicting clinical adverse outcome.

Results. The median age of patients was 65 (interquartile range: 56-74) years, while 60,7% were male. During 18-month follow-up, 66 patients (11,4%) died. RDW was positively correlated with GRACE 2.0 score (r=0,16, p<0,001). Multivariate analysis showed that both GRACE 2.0 score and RDW were independent predictors of 18-month mortality (odds ratio 1,025; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1,013-1,037; p<0,001; and 1,298; 1,087-1,551; p=0,004; respectively). The AUC for predicting 18-month mortality of GRACE 2.0 score, RDW and their combination was 0,795 (95% CI: 0,734-0,856), 0,708 (95% CI: 0,642-0,775) and 0,826 (95% CI: 0,775-0,876), respectively. Addition of RDW in the GRACE 2.0 score enhanced NRI (0,428; p=0,0009) and IDI (0,014; p=0,002).

Conclusion. Baseline RDW levels at admission was associated with 18-month mortality in patients with AMI. The inclusion of RDW into GRACE 2.0 score enables more accurate prediction of long-term risk of death compared with GRACE 2.0 score alone.
Factors associated with deterioration of myocardial inotropic function in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Shepel R. N. , Agarkov N. M. , Gosteva E. V. , Demko V. V. , Kuzub A. A. , Brizhaneva A. S.
Published: September 2024

Material and methods. One hundred patients with functional class III-IV CAD, stage I-IIa heart failure with LV ejection fraction (EF) >40%, successful coronary artery bypass grafting, SYNTAX Score of 33. During hospitalization, echocardiography, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were studied, while systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was estimated. After 6 months, echocardiography revealed a group of patients with a decrease in LVEF.

Results. The following factors of decreased LVEF were identified: type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease (p<0,001), >4 comorbid diseases (r=-0,597, p<0,001), increase in SII by 44,6% (p<0,001), MMP-9 by 62% (p<0,001), MCP-1 by 55,1% (p<0,001), TIMP-1 by 45,8% (p<0,001). An inverse relationship was found between LVEF and the level of SII (r=-0,626, p<0,001), MCP-1 (r=-0,747, p<0,001), MMP-9 (r=-0,718, p<0,001). There were following threshold values for predicting a decrease in LVEF: SII — 356,43, MMP-9 — 318,7 ng/ml, MCP-1 — 459,6 pg/ml.

Conclusion. There are following markers of decreased LVEF in patients with CAD 6 months after successful coronary artery bypass surgery: type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, >4 comorbid diseases, SII, MMP-9 and MCP-1 with a threshold value of 356,43, 318,7 ng/ml and 459,6 pg/ml, respectively.
ASSESSING THE THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF HORIZONTAL AIR-GROUND HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR HEATING AND COOLING BUILDINGS IN THE NORTHWESTERN ALGERIA REGION
Authors: Belhamideche Kheira , Laredj Nadia , Maliki Mustapha , Hanifi Missoum
Published: September 2024

The earth-air heat exchanger is a geothermal system that exploits the thermal inertia of the ground. It is a promising environmentally friendly technique that can effectively reduce or cancel out heating and cooling loads in the building sector. This study presents a numerical simulation of horizontal ground-air heat exchange system to investigate the effectiveness of the ground in heating and cooling buildings. Given the climate of the region located in northwestern Algeria, the investigated system heats the air in winter and cools it in summer. A three-dimensional transient numerical model based on the finite element method is established using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The model takes into account the interaction between the ground and the atmosphere as a boundary condition at the ground surface, and all climatic and geological conditions of the region are considered. Next, the model evaluates the coupling of heat and moisture transfer for unsaturated soil. Finally, the interaction
between the soil and the ground-air heat exchanger is examined to assess the energy performance of the shallow geothermal system in the study area. The results show that the air temperature drops by 4°C in cooling mode and rises by 2.5°C in heating mode. The heat exchange rate of the horizontal geothermal air heat exchanger system with the environment in cooling mode surpasses that in heating mode by 28%, yielding a performance coefficient of 5.9. These results offer valuable insights into optimizing the performance of geothermal systems for building climate control in Algeria's northwestern region.
Cerium nitrate microcapsules for coating application: characterization and corrosion study
Authors: Zhang Yingjun , Lin Chunlan , Wen Jie , Dou Baojie , Cui Xuejun , Li Ting
Published: September 2024

Microcapsules show great potential in metal anticorrosive coating in recent years. In the following paper, first, urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules containing cerium nitrate were synthesized under different parameter conditions. Three different quantities of the microcapsules were introduced to the epoxy coatings and applied on the AZ31B substrate to meet the increasing demands for anticorrosive coatings. An analysis of the scanning electron microscopy surface morphology of UF microcapsules synthesized by nine different parameter conditions shows that the ratio of formaldehyde to urea is 1.5:1, and 2 wt.% of emulsifier, 25 wt.% of cerium nitrate, and 150 r/min of rotation speed are the best choice for the synthesis of microcapsules, resulting in spherical particles with an average particle size of about 25 μm. The characteristics of microcapsules were studied by optical microscope, Fourier transform infrared, and thermogravimetric analysis. The result of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that the 2 wt.% microcapsule content in the defective coating shows better corrosion protection performance than neat epoxy coating and cerium nitrate inhibitor coating.
Evaluation of the presence of nasal septum deviations in individuals with different skeletal malocclusions
Authors: Kaya Sema , Tunca Murat
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of deviated septum in individuals with different skeletal malocclusions.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study was performed on cone beam computed tomography images of a total of 159 individuals, 53 in each Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal malocclusion. Nasal septum deviation was analysed in three groups as mild (type 1; <9°), moderate (type 2; 9-15°), and severe (type3; >15°). In addition, the presence of concha bullosa in different skeletal
malocclusions was evaluated. The data were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The relationship betweenskeletal malocclusions and types of deviation was determined using Cramèr’s V analysis.
RESULTS: There are statistically significant differences between type 2 and type 3 in individuals with Class I skeletal malocclusion and between type 1 and type 3 in individuals with Class II skeletal malocclusion (p=0.046; p<0.01 respectively). In individuals with Class
III skeletal malocclusion, no difference was observed between deviation types. In addition, a weak correlation was found between skeletal malocclusion and deviation types (Cramèr’s V = 0.213). No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of concha bullosa and deviation side (p=0.215).
CONCLUSION: Although a significant difference was observed in terms of deviation type in individuals with Class I and II skeletal malocclusion, a weak correlation was observed between the increase in deviation severity and skeletal malocclusions.
Intracellular recording and dye filling of human myenteric neurons v1
Authors: Ping Yew Wai
Published: September 2024

This protocol explains how to make intracellular recordings and dye fills with glass micropipettes filled with potassium chloride and 5,6 carboxyfluorescein. It also includes immunohistochemical processing of dye fills. This protocol was used for the study: WP Yew, A Humenick, BN Chen, DA Wattchow, M Costa, PG Dinning, SJH Brookes (2023). Electrophysiological and morphological features of myenteric neurons of human colon revealed by intracellular recording and dye fills. Neurogastroenterology & Motility. e14538, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14538)
Assembly and sample collection in the MetaFlowTrain v1
Authors: Chesneau Guillaume , Herpell Johannes , Wolf Sarah , Perin Silvina , Hacquard Stéphane
Published: September 2024

The following protocol is for the preparation of a MetaFlowTrain experiment. It provides the required materials, and the procedure. We also have a video protocol to assist you in handling the MetaFlowTrain >>Video Protocol<< Nothing is set in stone with the MetaFlowTrain. We welcome all input to improve the system and are eager to craft new adapters/microchambers tailored to your scientific needs.
DNA extraction - CTAB - eppendorf-scale v1
Authors: Joly Simon
Published: September 2024

DNA extraction - CTAB - eppendorf-scale Julian Starr and Simon Joly; September 2002
Stress and Coping Strategies among Students: Review
Authors: Marakshina J.A. , Ismatullina V.I. , Marina L.M.
Published: September 2024

Global socio-economic crises, new pandemics, climate disasters, and other large-scale factors create an unfavorable background for humanity, often involving painful processes that lead to significant changes in personality and the social situation of development. Students, as they navigate personal and professional development during their university education, determine their life prospects and societal roles for many years to come. A normative age crisis, combined with everyday and global stresses, can lead to adverse consequences such as high anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorders, other emotional and behavioral problems, and social maladjustment. The issue of coping strategies that help students effectively manage stress becomes increasingly relevant. The review included 75 full-text Russian and English papers, mainly from 2019–2024, sourced from bibliographic databases such as Elibrary, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The analysis included articles where the participants were aged 17–25, primarily students. The analysis of theoretical and empirical studies allowed us to systematize the types of students' stressors and the specifics of coping strategies. It is important to distinguish whether coping is a response to a specific stressor (situational coping) or if its use is related to an individual's personality traits (dispositional coping). Additionally, it is informative to consider socio-demographic characteristics such as the gender of participants, year, and field of education, which help to identify additional factors associated with the use of different coping strategies. The choice of effective or ineffective coping strategies is characterized by different relationships between stress, existing emotional problems (such as anxiety and depression), and mental toughness (adaptive resource). Thus, a scientifically based approach to effective coping strategies for students, with detailed consideration of perceived stress, mental toughness, the level of emotional problems, and demographic factors, can be considered the most relevant theoretical model.
Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) on Depression in Older Adults: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zareie M. , Balal Habashi S. , Farokhnezhad Afshar P.
Published: September 2024

Depression is one of the most common disorders in older adults. Depression management is one of the problems of geriatrics. This study evaluated the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) on depression in older adults. This study is an unblinded randomized controlled trial. We selected 60 patients with depression based on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and randomly divided them into two groups. The intervention group received Sertraline 25–50 mg and TDCS for five days (each day: 20 min at two mA). The control group received Sertraline (25–50 mg). Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 22 software. The mean age was 72 years. There was a significant decrease in GDS score before and after the study in the control group (8.6±1.55 to 6.40±1.45, p=0.001) and the intervention group (8.86±1.35 to 5.46±0.91, p=0.001). The comparison of the two groups shows a significant difference in the changes in the GDS score (p=0.01). The results of this study suggest that Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) with medication affects depression in old patients, but more studies are needed.
Fairy Tale Therapy as an Interdisciplinary Field of Research (Based on the Results of a Discussion Held at the Russian State Library)
Authors: Mersianova I.V. , Mersiyanova M.V.
Published: September 2024

On June 26, 2024, as part of the program of the XIII International Summer School “Evolution of Institutions for Self-Organization and Charity”, the Russian State Library for Young Adults held a discussion on "How to Form Positive Attitudes towards Philanthropy and Mutual Assistance?", which was attended by civil society researchers from Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Belarus, Romania and the United Arab Emirates. The lively discussion focused on the methodology for using fairy tale therapy as a specific area of practical psychology to solve many social and cultural problems. In particular, the following question was highlighted: How fairy tales help develop social empathy, promote philanthropy in society and promote unity among people, and form attitudes towards charity and mutual assistance.
Main trends in the development of financial law as a public law branch
Authors: Gracheva E. Yu.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the tendency to expand the subject of financial and legal regulation in modern conditions, which is due to objective reasons, which, in particular, include the increase and complication of relationships between subjects, informatization of the financial sector, all areas of financial activity, the emergence of new types of social relations, which objectively need to be regulated by financial law and which include the formation of decentralized non-state monetary funds, but intended to ensure public interests. The emergence of new groups of relations in areas not previously regulated by financial law, in particular in the financial market, which in modern conditions are also becoming the subject of public law, including financial, regulation. The changes taking place are also associated with new characteristics of the method of financial law. Emerging new financial relations are objectively included in the functioning of the financial system of society, which in turn influences the construction of the system of financial law, its complication, characterized by the emergence of not only new institutions, but also sub-sectors of financial law.
On the issue of the financial law system: classic and innovative approaches
Authors: Lagutin I. B.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the formulation of the author’s approach to the definition and structure of the modern system of financial law of the Russian Federation. Financial law, like any other branch of Russian law, has its own system, the definition of the content of which, unlike most branches of Russian law, is complicated by the lack of a single codified regulatory legal act and the presence of a regional and local level of legal regulation. The article examines both the classical approach to the system of financial law and new innovative approaches associated with the restructuring of its individual elements. The system of financial law in the article is considered both horizontally and is divided into general, special and special parts, and vertically and is divided into federal, regional and municipal financial law. In the course of the study, the author concludes that many modern changes in the system of financial law are local in nature and are associated with the author’s position of a particular researcher. The author adheres to the classical approach to the system of financial law, since this, in the author’s opinion, will ensure stability and uniformity of educational programs implemented in educational institutions, which should qualitatively affect the teaching process.
The importance of strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation for the financial and legal regulation of public and private finance (using the example of the financial market)
Authors: Justus O. I.
Published: September 2024

Within the framework of the presented article, the system of strategic planning documents at the federal level in the desired area (financial market) is analyzed, on the basis of which the influence of these acts on the emergence and functioning of financial and legal institutions, including those of a complex nature, is clarified. The position is substantiated, according to which, through strategic planning documents, the purposefulness of financial activities is ensured, its compliance with the general long-term tasks of the state at the present stage. It is concluded that these documents, unlike a number of general and special principles of financial law that have not found normative consolidation, being formally defined, act as a vector for the creation and improvement of financial and legal norms. The assumption is confirmed that through the analyzed documents, the subsequent implementation of the principles of financial law is ensured both from the point of view of goal-setting and from the point of view of financial security of the relevant actions. The special role of the annual messages of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation as a starting point for further development of legislation and management decisions in the field of financial activity is substantiated.
Legal Basis of External Fiscal and other Payments of an Unrecognized State: Taiwan’s Experience
Authors: Shepenko R. A.
Published: September 2024

Fiscal and other payments are divided into internal and external, which are subject to certain legal regulation. External fiscal payments are applied when goods are moved across the customs border of the state (territory).

Since the status of a subject of international law depends on the attitude (decision) of other States and territories, it is natural to assume that in the case of an unrecognized state there is some specificity of the legal foundations and composition of external fiscal and other payments.

This is true, but in terms of legal regulation, it is obvious that due to the lack of recognition as a subject of international law, some territories have a limited number of individual sources, for example, trade agreements.

An unrecognized state may be a member of an international organization. Apparently, being within the global trading system is important for the composition of external fiscal and other payments, but not for the legal framework. In the given article, an attempt to comprehensively consider the legal foundations, as well as the composition of external fiscal and other payments of the Republic of China (Taiwan), with the identification of features accompanying the status of an unrecognized state, is made.
Legal regulation of risk hedging in financial markets using digital assets
Authors: Moshkova D. M. , Vozhagov M. V.
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the consideration of issues related to the possibility of hedging risks using digital currencies and digital financial assets. The authors analyze the essence of hedging as one of the key factors of commercial activity, analyze its current legal regulation, identify financial risks that can be hedged, as well as the prospects for using digital assets as a risk management tool. The authors also determine some real cases of hedging transactions using digital assets.

The authors believe that building a system of legal regulation in relation to hedging with digital assets should be aimed, first of all, at distinguishing hedging transactions and speculative high-risk transactions with financial instruments arising on the market.
Comprehensive review on pharmacological activities of Adansonia digitata
Authors: Upaganlawar Aman , Sonawane Sakshi , Patil Harshada , Mahajan Manojkumar , Upasani Chandrashekhar
Published: September 2024

, commonly known as the baobab tree, founded mainly in Africa and is also found in Indiana region. It associates to the kapok tree group and this tree hold record of highest wood tree in the world. The baobab is an adaptable plant that provides protection, food, clothing, medicament and raw materials for multiple products. All eatable section including seeds, leaves, roots, flowers, pulp and bark, are shared to be beneficial. Baobab trees are over 4,000 years old. contains many phytochemicals such as vitamin C, steroids, flavonoids, epicatechin, campestral and amino acids. This large tree can growth a height of 20-25 meters and a cyclize of up to 9 meters and has been in place for centuries.

It is called the "Queen of Carbon Storage" because it can absorb so much carbon from the air. The tree is known for its size, unique shape and long-life expectancy, often surviving for thousands of years. Baobab has a variety of biological properties, including antibacterial, antimalarial, antidiarrheal, antianemic, antiasthmatic, antiviral, antioxidant. Phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of flavonoids, phytosterols, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Parts of the plant are used for treating bronchial asthma, dermatitis, sickle cell anemia, diuretic, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antidysenteric, laxative, and hiccups in children. This article summarizes the pharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties of the baobab tree.
Mendelian randomization analysis of causal relationship between cheese intake and diabetic retinopathy
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, Tang Cheng-Ye , Yang Ying-Qin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, Liang Yu-Bing ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, Liang Hao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Published: September 2024

AIM: To assess whether there is a possible causal link between the intake of cheese and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
METHODS: The research data were obtained from summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genetic loci closely related to cheese intake were extracted as instrumental variables (IVs), and DR was the outcome variable. The data were extracted from individuals of European ethnicity. The data of cheese intake consisted of 451 486 samples with 9 851 867 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), while the DR data consisted of 206 234 samples with 16 380 446 SNPs. Sixty-one genetic loci closely related to cheese intake were selected as IVs. MR analysis was performed by inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and MR-Egger regression respectively. The causal relationship between cheese intake and DR was evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Egger-intercept test was used to test horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity analysis was performed by leave-one-out test.
RESULTS: The P value of the IVW method was less than 0.05, indicating a significant negative correlation between cheese intake and DR. MR-Egger regression showed that the intercept was 0.01 with a standard error of 0.022, and a P-value of 0.634, indicating no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy affecting the IVs related to the exposure factors. Besides, heterogeneity tests confirmed the absence of heterogeneity, and the “leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the results were stable.
CONCLUSION: Cheese intake is causally negatively correlated with the occurrence of DR, and cheese intake could reduce the risk of DR.
Ampliación del ámbito geográfico de isópodos terrestres (Oniscidea) para el Caribe colombiano y primer registro de Nagurus nanus (Trachelipodidae) para Colombia
Authors: Bravo-Rodríguez Agustín E. , López-Orozco Carlos Mario , Nisperuza-Pérez Carlos A. , Quirós-Rodríguez Jorge A. , Campos-Campos Néstor Hernando
Published: September 2024

Los isópodos terrestres constituyen uno de los grupos con mayor diversidad dentro del orden Isopoda.Hasta la fecha no se había documentado la presencia de estos organismos en el departamento deCórdoba. Recientes exploraciones en diferentes zonas del departamento permitieron identificar untotal de 17 especies pertenecientes a las familias Ligiidae, Tylidae, Detonidae, Halophilosciidae,Stenoniscidae, Rhyscotidae, Platyarthridae, Trachelipodidae, Agnaridae y Armadillidae; estos sonlos primeros registros del grupo en el departamento. Nagurus nanus se registra por primera vez en elpaís y Rhyscotoides parallelus en el Caribe colombiano. Se brindan datos de la historia natural y ladistribución global y local de cada una de estas especies.
Streszczanie ręczne a streszczenie automatyczne tekstu naukowego – studium przypadku
Authors: Łaszkiewicz Monika
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu było porównanie streszczeń tego samego tekstu – artykułu naukowego Jerzego Bartmińskiego pt. „Styl potoczny”. 35 streszczeń zostało wykonanych ręcznie, 5 to rezultat streszczania maszynowego (wykorzystano: Resoomer, Smodin, ChatGPT). Analiza wykazała, że streszczenia przygotowane ręcznie spełniają wymóg informacyjności, jednak jej stopień jest zindywidualizowany – uzależniony od kompetencji autora. W streszczeniach tradycyjnych trafniej identyfikowano kluczowe elementy treści i skuteczniej unikano umieszczania informacji drugorzędnych. Botowi ChatGPT udało się tego dokonać w mniejszym stopniu niż człowiekowi, ale otrzymane wyniki dają wgląd w treść artykułu. Streszczenie otrzymane przy pomocy programu Resoomer wymaga dodatkowej pracy (uzupełnień, redakcji). Efekt pracy narzędziem Smodin trudno uznać za tekst. Każde ze streszczeń ręcznych jest inne, podobnie jak streszczenia generowane przez ChatGPT. Streszczenia wygenerowane przez Resoomer i Smodin są zawsze takie same. Widać więc pewne podobieństwo nowoczesnego streszczania automatycznego do sposobu streszczania przez człowieka (a nawet różnych ludzi), którzy są w stanie wygenerować różne, poprawne streszczenia tego samego tekstu.
Informal Language Learning in Online Interest Communities: A Review of Selected Research Methods
Authors: Kaganiec-Kamieńska Anna
Published: September 2024

Online interest groups respond to different social and emotional needs of their members. Web 2.0 allows them not only to receive and consume online content but also to participate, create, and share. Thus, these groups can also function as communities where informal language learning can occur naturally or with the help of others. This process and learning experience are worth studying, given the learner’s autonomy and, at times, the collaborative nature of this process. The objective of this article is to reflect upon English language learning in online interest-driven groups, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of selected research methods such as virtual ethnography, grounded theory, and mixed methods. These methods may be helpful for researching informal language learning in online interest communities, as they may enable an in-depth examination and a better understanding of the researched context.
Możliwości i ograniczenia narzędzi cyfrowych w badaniach nad słownictwem nacechowanym aksjologicznie (na przykładzie czasownika gorszyć)
Authors: Lisczyk Karolina
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest zestawienie wyników analiz przeprowadzanych przy użyciu narzędzi z zakresu lingwistyki cyfrowej z wnioskami wysnuwanymi w toku tradycyjnego opracowywania materiału. Przedmiotem badań jest nacechowany aksjologicznie czasownik gorszyć. Materiał wyekscerpowany z korpusu MoncoPL poddany został automatycznej analizie prowadzącej do pozyskania: kolokacji, listy frekwencyjnej użytych wyrazów, wykazu słownictwa kluczowego, zestawienia najczęstszych źródeł pochodzenia zdań, informacji o częstości użycia badanego czasownika w poszczególnych latach; poddany został także modelowaniu tematycznemu. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły w pewnym stopniu odpowiedzieć na pytania: kto lub co, a także czym lub jak nas gorszy, jednak dopiero samodzielne opracowanie materiału przyniosło istotne doprecyzowania w tym zakresie.
Development and Validation of a Math-specific Version of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS-Mathematics) Among First-year University Students in Bulgaria
Authors: Staribratov Ivaylo , Babakova Liliya
Published: September 2024

This article presents thе results of a modifiеd vеrsion of the Acаdemic Motivation Scale (AMS) (a sample of 256 Bulgarian students), bаsed on the theory of self-dеtermination. Different types of mоtivatiоn related to the learning activity are identified. The rеsults of thе confirmatory factor аnalysis confirm acceptable compliance аnd the presence of five scales characterizing two typеs оf internal mоtivatiоn (general internal mоtivation and internal motivation for expertise) and two typеs of еxtеrnal mоtivаtion (intrоjеcted rеgulаtiоn and еxtеrnаl rеgulаtiоn) аnd аmotivation. All subscales are characterized by acceptable reliability (0.779 <0.916) and show predictive cоrrelations with the overall lеvel of аcademic motivation and other motivational constructs as expectations for success, academic self-assessment in mathematics, emotions in the learning process. By gender, it was found that girls have a stronger internal motivation, and by the "year of study" factor, the strongest internal mоtivatiоn have university studеnts from thе senior classes.