bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A computational strategy for the search of regulatory small RNAs in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Authors: Rossi Ciro C. , Bossé Janine T. , Li Yanwen , Witney Adam A. , Gould Kate A. , Langford Paul R. , Bazzolli Denise M.S.
Published: July 2016

Bacterial regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) play important roles in gene regulation and are frequently connected to the expression of virulence factors in diverse bacteria. Only a few sRNAs have been described for Pasteurellaceae pathogens and no in-depth analysis of sRNAs has been described for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, responsible for considerable losses in the swine industry. To search for sRNAs in A. pleuropneumoniae, we developed a strategy for the computational analysis of the bacterial genome by using four algorithms with different approaches, followed by experimental validation. The coding strand and expression of 17 out of 23 RNA candidates were confirmed by Northern blotting, RT-PCR, and RNA sequencing. Among them, two are likely riboswitches, three are housekeeping regulatory RNAs, two are the widely studied GcvB and 6S sRNAs, and 10 are putative novel trans-acting sRNAs, never before described for any bacteria. The latter group has several potential mRNA targets, many of which are involved with virulence, stress resistance, or metabolism, and connect the sRNAs in a complex gene regulatory network. The sRNAs identified are well conserved among the Pasteurellaceae that are evolutionarily closer to A. pleuropneumoniae and/or share the same host. Our results show that the combination of newly developed computational programs can be successfully utilized for the discovery of novel sRNAs and indicate an intricate system of gene regulation through sRNAs in A. pleuropneumoniae and in other Pasteurellaceae, thus providing clues for novel aspects of virulence that will be explored in further studies.
Contagious mastitis part 1: herd diagnosis
Authors: Breen James
Published: July 2016

Historically much emphasis has been placed on the control of ‘contagious’ mastitis in dairy herds and the importance of preventing spread of infection between and one or more infected cows to uninfected cows in the herd, typically during the milking process. The pathogens implicated in contagious mastitis include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Mycoplasma spp. but ultimately all pathogens responsible for intra-mammary infection have the potential to be transmitted from one cow to another. The ability to transmit will depend on characteristics that allow them to do so (e.g. persistence in the mammary gland) and this will vary between pathogens and importantly between strains of pathogens, a good example of the latter is Streptococcus uberis. As discussed in the previous article, the analysis of somatic cell count and clinical mastitis data is essential to understand the ‘pattern’ of mastitis in a herd — and this includes patterns which would indicate that significant contagious spread may be occurring.
Ewe reproduction: stimulation and synchronisation
Authors: Adams James , Khalid Mohammed
Published: July 2016

Farmers are looking to breed sheep earlier in the year to take advantage of higher meat prices for finished lambs, and to breed replacement ewe lambs that can lamb that same year. To do this, the oestrus cycle of sheep must be manipulated so that the sheep are able to breed in the summer. This article details how this can be done, but the method chosen must be tailored to the farm. The benefit of stimulating the ovulation is that this helps to synchronise the oestrus periods meaning that lambing periods are short, helping to save costs to the farmer.
On the Matrix Square Root via Geometric Optimization
Authors: Sra Suvrit
Published: July 2016

This paper is triggered by the preprint [P. Jain, C. Jin, S.M. Kakade, and P. Netrapalli. Computing matrix squareroot via non convex local search. Preprint, arXiv:1507.05854, 2015.], which analyzes gradient-descent for computing the square root of a positive definite matrix. Contrary to claims of Jain et al., the authorâs experiments reveal that Newton-like methods compute matrix square roots rapidly and reliably, even for highly ill-conditioned matrices and without requiring com-mutativity. The author observes that gradient-descent converges very slowly primarily due to tiny step-sizes and ill-conditioning. The paper derives an alternative first-order method based on geodesic convexity; this method admits a transparent convergence analysis (< 1 page), attains linear rate, and displays reliable convergence even for rank deficient problems. Though superior to gradient-descent, ultimately this method is also outperformed by a well-known scaled Newton method. Nevertheless, the primary value of the paper is conceptual: it shows that for deriving gradient based methods for the matrix square root, the manifold geometric view of positive definite matrices can be much more advantageous than the Euclidean view.
On the matrix equations U_iXV_j W_{i j} for 1 \leq i; j \leq k with i +j \leq k
Authors: Van der Woude Jacob
Published: July 2016

Conditions for the existence of a common solution X for the linear matrix equations U_iXV_j ô° W_{ij} for 1 \leq ô° i,j \leq ô° k with i\leq ô° j \leq ô° k, where the given matrices U_i,V_j,W_{ij} and the unknown matrix X have suitable dimensions, are derived. Verifiable necessary and sufficient solvability conditions, stated directly in terms of the given matrices and not using Kronecker products, are also presented. As an application, a version of the almost triangular decoupling problem is studied, and conditions for its solvability in transfer matrix and state space terms are presented.
A STUDY OF THE UNDERGROWTH VEGETATION OF SEMPU ISLAND, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: SADILI ASEP , KARTAWINATA KUSWATA
Published: July 2016

SADILI, A. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2016. A study of the undergrowth vegetation of Sempu Island, East Java, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 15(1): 1 - 9. — A study of forest floor vegetation in coastal forest (site 1) and inland lowland forest (site 2) was carried out at the Sempu Island Nature Reserve, Malang Regency, East Java. The objective of the study is to obtain data on plant species diversity, species composition and structure of the forest floor vegetation. In each site the vegetation was sampled with a plot of 1 m × 50 m, which was divided into 50 subplots of 1 m × 1 m each. Overall from the two plots we recorded 59 species, 57 genera and 39 families. Shannon-Wienner diversity indices (H’) were relatively high. i.e., 4.47 in Plot 1 and 3.2 in Plot 2, with a mean of 3.84. The number of the seedlings of shrubs and trees was greater than that of the herbaceous species. The families having the highest number of species were Euphorbiaceae (6 species) and Fabaceae (5 species). Based on dominant species the vegetation in Plot 1 was designated as Scleria lithosperma-Asystasia nemorum community type, while in Plot 2 Pterospermum javanicum-Knema sp. community type. The similarity index between these community types was only 18%. Only P. javanicum  showed a good regeneration and the regeneration of other species in the two community types was poor, indicating unclear floristic changes in the forest of the Sempu Island.
REGENERATION STRATEGIES OF PALMS (ARECACEAE) IN RESPONSE TO CYCLONIC DISTURBANCES
Authors: LATIFAH DIAN , CONGDON ROBERT A. , HOLTUM JOSEPH A.
Published: July 2016

LATIFAH, D., CONGDON, R. A. & HOLTUM, J. A. 2016. Regeneration strategies of palms (Arecaceae) in response to cyclonic disturbances. Reinwardtia 15 (1): 43 ? 59. — Tropical cyclones may act as important ecological drivers in northern Australia including north Queensland, as several cyclones impact this region each year between November and May. Extensive research has been conducted to investigate how regeneration of rainforest plant communities respond to frequent cyclonic disturbances. However, there have been few such studies on palms although they are important components of many rainforests. This research aimed to investigate the effects of canopy gaps following cyclonic disturbance (case study: Cyclone Larry) on  regeneration of Arenga australasica (H. Wendl. & Drude) S. T. Blake ex H. E. Moore, Calamus australis Mart., C. moti F. M. Bailey, Hydriastele wendlandiana (F. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude and Licuala ramsayi var. ramsayi (F. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude. The field research was carried out at five sites in three areas located in northern Queensland: Tam O’Shanter/Djiru National Park, Clump Mountain National Park and Kurrimine Beach Conservation Park. Observations were made of recruitment, growth rate, leaf turnover and life history. We found that responses of palm regeneration following cyclonic disturbance varied among study sites; however, the recruitment of several species was favoured in gaps created by cyclones. The results also provide information on the various stages in the life cycle of the study palms.
As práticas orais na escola: recomendações do livro didático do 1º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Sousa-Machado Tatiane Henrique
Published: July 2016

Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa e interpretativa, tem como objetivo analisar o tratamento da oralidade nas propostas apresentadas no livro didático “Hoje é dia de Português” de Samira Campedelli, Editora Positivo (1º ano). Objetiva-se assim, discutir a oralidade como objeto de ensino; comparar as práticas às recomendações dos Parâmetros Curriculares e Diretrizes Curriculares. Desse modo, destaca-se que por mais que o manual de utilização do livro didático apresente pressupostos teóricos pautados em documentos oficiais, quando o olhar se volta às atividades propostas a oralidade é negligenciada, uma vez que os gêneros indicados nesse manual não são contemplados nas unidades. Além disso, impera a voz do docente por meio da oralização, cabendo ao aluno somente “conversar” sobre o texto lido. Pesquisas como essa, demonstram a importância da capacitação docente, para que munido do livro didático proponha outras atividades de alfabetização e ampliação dos graus de letramento do aluno.
Do nativo ao pomerano: as línguas, os dialetos e falares vivos de um Brasil pouco conhecido
Authors: Beilke Neubiana Silva Veloso
Published: July 2016

No Brasil existe atualmente uma grande variedade de línguas faladas. Algumas não possuem formas escritas, outras vêm sendo catalogadas e fomentadas por iniciativas isoladas, porém muitas estão se perdendo pelo falecimento dos falantes e falta de interesse das novas gerações em praticar e preservar. Diante da quantidade de línguas presentes no nosso território, é possível afirmar que este ainda é um grande campo a ser desbravado. Alguns dialetos caem no esquecimento sem vir ao conhecimento do grande público, por haver carência de mais pesquisas nessas áreas e por desinformação sobre a diversidade cultural e linguística do país. É preciso criar condições para que dessa multiplicidade de línguas não restem apenas vestígios e, combater o perigo do desaparecimento completo de algumas variantes dialetais. Devemos motivar uma consciência coletiva a fim de registrar essa pluralidade linguística tão rica no nosso país. Este artigo visa discutir objetivamente a existência dessa diversidade de falares e revelar a necessidade de seu estudo e suas formas de transmissão, mostrando brevemente o que já tem sido feito (iniciativas de co-oficializações, atlas linguísticos, mapeamentos e inventários) e que ainda há muito a fazer para catalogar, analisar, preservar. E assim dar visibilidade a essa riqueza da nossa “plurilinguística brasilidade”.
Processos de formação lexical das línguas românicas e germânicas: uma nova perspectiva teórica
Authors: Bizzocchi Aldo Luiz
Published: July 2016

Este artigo discute a dinâmica de formação das unidades que compõem o léxico, notadamente das línguas europeias ocidentais (românicas e germânicas), a partir da identificação dos diversos processos lexicogênicos existentes. Para tanto, reconhecem-se dois tipos básicos de processos: os autogenéticos (herança ou criação interna) e os alogenéticos (empréstimos), cujos subtipos são aqui descritos. Com base na etimologia dos elementos temáticos (radicais e afixos), os itens lexicais de línguas europeias costumam também ser divididos em cultos, semicultos e vulgares. Essa classificação decorre do reconhecimento da profunda influência cultural e, consequentemente, linguística que os idiomas literários da Antiguidade Ocidental (grego e latim clássicos) exerceram sobre as modernas línguas de cultura da Europa, dentre as quais o português. Esta pesquisa procura identificar, por meio de análise empírica sobre um corpus formado de textos de vários gêneros, os processos lexicogênicos presentes nas principais línguas românicas e germânicas, tanto aqueles já descritos anteriormente na literatura especializada quanto alguns novos, que os estudos anteriores ignoravam ou classificavam erroneamente em outras categorias.
A fala ecolálica na perspectiva benvenistiana da enunciação
Authors: Murad Carla Regina , Alves Juliana Vilela
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar o conceito de ecolalia como “patologia da fala” por meio do questionamento de alguns conceitos tradicionais do senso comum que vigoram em nossa sociedade sobre língua, fala e sujeito. A teoria da enunciação de Èmile Benveniste (2005) propõe um olhar diferente sobre a língua e a fala que, por sua vez, gera implicações tanto de cunho individual, para o falante, como social, para aqueles com quem o falante convive. A pequena contribuição que esperamos oferecer por meio de nossas posições, enquanto pesquisadores principiantes de Benveniste, de uma criança de três anos com diagnóstico de “ecolálica”, vai ao encontro dos estudos linguísticos que veem a patologia como um sintoma da linguagem (FLORES, 2007) e o sujeito como “único e irredutível” (NORMAND, 1996).
High-contrast enzymatic immunohistochemistry of pigmented tissues
Authors: M. Duncan Sara , M. Seigel Gail
Published: July 2016

Historically, standard enzyme immunohistochemistry has been accomplished with brown (DAB, diaminobenzidine) substrate. This can become problematic in pigmented tissues, such as the retina, where brown pigment of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells can be easily confounded with brown substrate.  Although immunofluorescence detection methods can overcome this challenge, fluorescence may fade over a period of weeks, while enzyme substrates allow for more long-lasting, archival results. In this report, we will describe a high-contrast enzyme immunohistochemistry method ideal for pigmented tissues that utilizes purple (VIP) substrate. We compared brown (DAB) and purple (VIP) substrates in enzyme immunohistochemistry experiments using human retina (paraffin sections) and monkey retinal pigmented epithelial cells (frozen sections), both containing brown pigmented cells. We compared substrates using several primary antibodies against markers that can be detected in the retina, including GFAP, VEGF, CD147 (EMMPRIN), RHO (rhodopsin) and PAX6.  Methyl green was used as a counterstain for paraffin sections. A side-by-side comparison between DAB and VIP immunohistochemistry showed excellent contrast between pigmented cells and the purple VIP substrate in both human retinal tissue and monkey pigmented epithelial cells for all of the markers tested. This was a marked improvement over DAB staining in pigmented cells and tissues. For both paraffin sections and frozen sections of pigmented tissues, purple VIP substrate is an excellent alternative to brown DAB substrate and non-permanent immunofluorescence methods.
La batalla por la gestión del conocimiento. El auge de la economía en la política universitaria española
Authors: Espejo Villar Belén , Lázaro Herrero Luján
Published: July 2016

Partiendo del marco colaborativo que establece la política comunitaria en materia de educación superior, el presente trabajo tiene por objeto revisar las cambiantes funciones a las que se enfrenta la universidad tradicional en un contexto de economía capitalista. El artículo examina desde una perspectiva crítica el papel que las Universidades corporativas están teniendo en la construcción de un espacio común de conocimiento, planteando un análisis acerca de las identidades que se establecen entre ambos tipos de organizaciones. Pero sobre todo trata de desmontar la idea de subordinación de la Universidad tradicional a las crecientes tensiones internacionales que podrían hacer pensar que el sistema universitario español afronta la búsqueda de la innovación desde modelos de superioridad académica. Lejos de mostrar resistencia a las prácticas corporativas, el sistema de gobierno universitario está desempeñando un rol muy activo en la consolidación de políticas económicas globales. El trabajo constata que las dinámicas de refuerzo y compensación que se establecen entre Bolonia y las Universidades corporativas, no sólo no cuestiona las nuevas fórmulas de mercado de las que se sirven estos centros de conocimiento, sino que están aportando herramientas que impulsan la confluencia discursiva y de gestión de ambas instituciones.
The logic of the theoretical and practical products of design research
Authors: Easterday Matthew Wayne , Rees Lewis Daniel G , Gerber Elizabeth M
Published: July 2016

Design research (DR) promises to simultaneously solve practical problems of education and develop theory to guide future interventions. However, educational DR remains paradigmatically underdeveloped, making it difficult to train new researchers, to agree upon what makes a theoretical contribution, and to promise clear outputs to funders – all of which hinders the accumulation of knowledge. To further the paradigmatic development of educational DR we ask: how do we characterise the practical and theoretical products of DR? We propose that DR products are arguments for how people should learn. The theoretical products are design models in the form of blueprints, design arguments, and mockups, as well as principles and frameworks – all of which help designers create practical products to promote learning in the real world. Furthermore, the products of DR precipitate and build upon theoretical contributions from other fields in the natural sciences and ethics. This understanding of the products of DR strengthens the methodology and allows us to better build theory for solving educational problems.
Does “Liking” Lead to Loving? The Impact of Joining a Brand's Social Network on Marketing Outcomes
Authors: John Leslie K. , Emrich Oliver , Gupta Sunil , Norton Michael I.
Published: July 2016

Does “liking” a brand on Facebook cause a person to view it more favorably? Or is “liking” simply a symptom of being fond of a brand? The authors disentangle these possibilities and find evidence for the latter: brand attitudes and purchasing are predicted by consumers' preexisting fondness for brands, and these are the same regardless of when and whether consumers “like” brands on social media. In addition, we explore possible second-order effects by examining whether “liking” brands might cause consumers' friends to view that brand more favorably. When consumers see that a friend has “liked” a brand, they are less likely to buy the brand relative to when they learn that a friend genuinely likes the brand in the offline sense, which is a more meaningful social endorsement. Taken together, five experiments and two meta-analyses (N > 14,000) suggest that turning “liking” into improved brand attitudes and increased purchasing by consumers and their friends may require more than just the click of a button.
Limits in 𝒫ℳℱ of Teichmüller geodesics
Authors: Chaika Jon , Masur Howard , Wolf Michael
Published: July 2016

In this paper we consider the limit set in Thurston’s compactification

𝒫
⁢
ℳ
⁢
ℱ

{\mathcal{P}\kern-2.27622pt\mathcal{M}\kern-0.284528pt\mathcal{F}}

of Teichmüller space of some Teichmüller geodesics defined by quadratic differentials with minimal but not uniquely ergodic vertical foliations.
We show that
(a) there are quadratic differentials so that the limit set of the geodesic
is a unique point,
(b) there are quadratic differentials so that the limit set is a line segment,
(c) there are quadratic differentials so that the vertical foliation is ergodic and there is a line segment as limit set, and
(d) there are quadratic differentials so that the vertical foliation is ergodic and there is a unique point as its limit set.
These give examples of divergent Teichmüller geodesics whose limit sets overlap and Teichmüller geodesics that
stay a bounded distance apart but whose limit sets are not equal. A byproduct of our methods is a construction of a Teichmüller geodesic and a simple closed curve γ so that the hyperbolic length of the geodesic in the homotopy class of γ varies between increasing and decreasing on an unbounded sequence of time intervals along the geodesic.
Rational connectivity and analytic contractibility
Authors: Brown Morgan , Foster Tyler
Published: July 2016

Let

k

{{k}}

be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, and let

f
:

X
→
Y

{f:X\to Y}

be a morphism of smooth projective varieties over the ring

k
⁢

(

(
t
)

)

{k((t))}

of formal Laurent series. We prove that if a general geometric fiber of f is rationally connected, then the induced map

f
an

:

X
an

→

Y
an

{f^{\mathrm{an}}:X^{\mathrm{an}}\to Y^{\mathrm{an}}}

between the Berkovich analytifications of X and Y is a homotopy equivalence. Two important consequences of this result are that the Berkovich analytification of any

ℙ
n

{\mathbb{P}^{n}}

-bundle over a smooth projective

k
⁢

(

(
t
)

)

{k((t))}

-variety is homotopy equivalent to the Berkovich analytification of the base, and that the Berkovich analytification of a rationally connected smooth projective variety over

k
⁢

(

(
t
)

)

{k((t))}

is contractible.
Working out multiword verbs within an Applied Cognitive Construction Grammar framework
Authors: Torres-Martínez Sergio
Published: July 2016

This article presents a constructionist approach to the teaching of multiword verbs. To that end, I outline a pedagogical model, Applied Cognitive Construction Grammar (ACCxG), which is deemed to provide insight into a novel classification of multiword verbs as constructions (form-function pairings). The ACCxG framework integrates four cognitively-driven rationales, namely Focus on Form, Task-based Language Teaching, Data-driven Learning, and Paper-based Data-Driven Learning. It is argued that the syntax-semantics of multiword verbs can be better understood through recourse to their relation with syntactic constructions (Argument Structure Constructions). Endorsing this rationale entails, among other things, the recognition that the same general cognitive mechanisms intervening in the construction of our experience of the world are at play during the construction of linguistic knowledge.
Criminal Law and Risk Management: From Tradition to Innovation
Authors: Morgante Gaetana
Published: July 2016

The interest of criminal law in risk management arises from indisputable criminological data: the staggering increase of technology related crimes. As shown by occupational safety crimes, environmental or food security crimes, the classic
Recht auf Vergessen und piercing the corporate veil zugleich Anmerkungen zur Google-Entscheidung des EuGH, Rs. C-131/12 Google Spain SL und Google Inc.
Authors: Schmidt-Kessel Martin , Langhanke Carmen , Gläser Isabel , Herden Hannah Kathrin
Published: July 2016

With its decision in the Google-case, the Court has put essential ground rules of EU data protection law in concrete terms. It has thereby deviated in several ways from leading opinions in legal writing which may partly be due to the fact that these are not free of personal involvement. More importantly though seems the conclusion that this decision underlines in many respects that theoretical patterns of EU private law are different from those of the traditional national law - and this divergence also holds true for major parts of the public law and, of course, data protection law. The Court has interpreted the responsibility with regard to data protection law and also the criteria in Art. 4 of the Directive very broadly, which has not met with general approval before. The ECJ strictly orientated itself by the general concept that even the search engine operator requires a permit for the processing of data. This in mind, it has given the fundamental right of data protection an important role in its considering in contrast to the user’s interest in respect of use of the service and the economic interests of the operator
Gutglaubensschutz durch das Europäische Nachlasszeugnis
Authors: Omlor Sebastian
Published: July 2016

1. The European Union has legislative power to regulate the bona fide purchase on the basis of the European Certificate of Succession (hereinafter: Certificate) laid down in Article 69(4) Regulation (EU) No 650/2012. It is a competence ancillary to the legal framework for the European Certificate of Succession based on Article 81(2c) TFEU.

2. The interference with EU property rights (Art. 17 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Art. 1 Additional Protocol No 1 to the ECHR) due to the admission of good faith acquisitions in secondary law is justified because of adequate measures to safeguard the person who truly has the relevant authority mentioned in the Certificate (hereinafter: “truly authorized person”).

3. The good faith protection takes effect notwithstanding any contributions of the truly authorized person to the inaccuracy of the Certificate’s content. The purchaser’s good faith can be based on every valid certified copy of the Certificate without the original being required. The purchaser must have taken note of the specific copy and its content in order to act “on the basis of the information certified in the Certificate”.

4. A lack of the purchaser’s good faith with respect to the inaccuracy of the Certificate’s content is only relevant at the point in time when the transfer of property is being completed.

5. A disposal in the meaning of Article 69(4) Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 requires a transaction between two persons that are neither legally nor economically identical (a so-called “Verkehrsgeschäft”).

6. Certificates with contradictory content can separately serve as a valid basis for a bona fide purchase.

7. As its legal consequence, the bona fide purchase puts the purchaser in the same legal position as if he had transacted with the truly authorized person. This protection also includes the absence of inheritance-law based disposal restrictions.

8. The truly authorized person may claim a compensation according to the applicable substantive law. According to German substantive law, claims could be derived from § 816(1) BGB and from §§ 2018 et seqq. BGB as well as from public liability law.
Rügelose Einlassung und Einrede der Rechtshängigkeit
Authors: Anthimos Apostolos
Published: July 2016

Pursuant to Art. 27 II Brussels I Regulation, any court than the court first seized shall decline its jurisdiction in favour of the court first seized, where the jurisdiction of the latter court is established. From the wording of the above provision (as well as that of Art. 27 I) it does not become clear when the jurisdiction of the court first seized is actually established. Since the Donostia- San Sebastian accession treaty dated from 26.5.1989, stay of proceedings is the primary solution. More often than not this leads however to perpetual litigation. The question before the ECJ was whether entering an appearance by the defendant in the first court is sufficient enough, so as to consider the court’s jurisdiction as established for the purposes of Art. 27 II Brussels I Regulation. The ECJ construed the rule of Art. 24 in such a fashion, by virtue of which the second court shall decline its jurisdiction, if the defendant in the first court (meanwhile bearing the position of the claimant in the second court) entered an unreserved appearance. The interpretation of the ECJ solidifies a swift response to the lis pendens issue. The threat of perpetuation is no longer present when none of the parties challenged the jurisdiction of the court first seized.
Inverse transmission eigenvalue problems with the twin-dense nodal subset
Authors: Wang Yu Ping , Shieh Chung Tsun , Miao Hong Yi
Published: July 2016

The inverse nodal problem for the Sturm–Liouville operator

L
⁢

(
q
,
a
)

${L(q,a)}$

arisen from acoustic scattering problems was considered. The authors showed that

q
⁢

(
x
)

${q(x)}$

on the interval

[
0
,
1
]

${[0,1]}$

can be uniquely determined by the interior twin-dense nodal subset

W
T

⁢

(

[
0
,
1
]

)

${W_{T}([0,1])}$

, or

W
T

⁢

(

[

a
0

,
1
]

)

${W_{T}([a_{0},1])}$

, respectively. Using the above results, two uniqueness theorems of the spherically symmetric speed of sound

η
⁢

(
r
)

${\eta(r)}$

for acoustic scattering problems are obtained.
Exact Dispersion Study of an Asymmetric Thin Planar Slab Dielectric Waveguide without Computing d2βdk2${{{d^2}\beta} \over {d{k^2}}}$ Numerically
Authors: Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Palodiya Vikram
Published: July 2016

Waveguide dispersion can be tailored but not the material dispersion. Hence, the total dispersion can be shifted at any desired band by adjusting the waveguide dispersion. Waveguide dispersion is proportional to
Anticonvulsant therapy in brain-tumor related epilepsy
Authors: Fröscher Walter , Kirschstein Timo , Rösche Johannes
Published: July 2016

Background. The lifetime risk of patients with brain tumors to have focal epileptic seizures is 10-100%; the risk depends on different histology. Specific guidelines for drug treatment of brain tumor-related seizures have not yet been established.

Aim. This review addresses the special aspects of antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in brain tumor-related epilepsy.

Methods. We analyzed the literature up to December 2015.

Results. Based on current evidence the management of tumor-related seizures does not differ substantially from that applied to epilepsies from other etiologies. Therefore, the choice of an AED is based, above all, on tolerability and pharmacokinetic interactions with chemotherapeutic drugs. Levetiracetam is recommended by many authors as first-line therapy in brain tumor-related epilepsy. Due to the possibility of interactions, the combination of enzyme-inducing AEDs and chemotherapeutic drugs, is usually not recommended as a first choice. Currently there is no evidence that prophylactic prescription of long-term AEDs in brain tumor-patients who did not present with seizures is justified. Because of the high risk of recurrence, however, AED treatment should be strongly considered after a single brain tumor-related seizure. The decision to withdraw AEDs must carefully consider the risk of seizure recurrence.

Conclusion. At present levetiracetam is the preferred drug in brain tumor-related epilepsy, especially when drug interactions need to be avoided. In the future we hope to acquire more targeted drugs against this disorder by uncovering its pathogenesis.
Russian experience of using perampanel in daily clinical practice. Preliminary report
Authors: Vlasov Pavel , Karlov Vladimir , Zhidkova Irina , Chervyakov Aleksandr , Belyaev Oleg , Volkov Iosif , Dmitrenko Diana , Karas Antonina , Kazennykh Tatiana , Miguskina Olga , Moskvicheva Anna , Paramonova Elena , Ponomareva Irina
Published: July 2016

Introduction. Perampanel (PER) (Fycompa) 5′-(2-cyanophenyl)-1′-phenyl-2,3′-bipyridinyl-6′(1′H)-on is the newest antiepileptic drug and is the first-in-class selective non-competitive antagonist of ionotropic AMPA glutamate receptors of the postsynaptic neuronal membrane.

The aim was to summarize Russian experience in using PER in daily clinical practice, and for this purpose the results of its use as an add-on treatment for focal epilepsy were assessed retrospectively

Material and Method. The results of the study of PER efficacy and safety in 52 patients with refractory focal epilepsy are presented. Mean age was 28.9 ± 14.0 years; proportion of male patients was 56%, duration of the disease over 10 years - 69.2%, symptomatic epilepsy - 76.9%, with frontal - 46.2% and temporal - 44.2% localization of epileptic lesion. Majority of patients - 71.2% started PER treatment after 3 preceding lines of therapy

Results. The baseline seizure frequency of all types was 127.3 ± 82.3 per month; secondary generalized seizures - 6.7 ± 1.9 per month. After PER was added, a significant decrease in seizure frequency was observed already during the first month, to 52.1 ± 29.3 seizures per month (Sign test, p = 0.00001) for seizures of all types and to 3.7 ± 1.7 (Sign test, p = 0.00001) for secondary generalized seizures. In an overwhelming majority of cases, duration of PER treatment was more than 6 months. In 58% of patients, seizure frequency decreased by more than 50% (responders). Seizure-free status for all seizure types was observed in 9% of cases at 12 month, and absence of secondary generalized seizures only was achieved in 31% of patients. Adverse events were observed in 30.1% of patients: aggression - 11.5% and drowsiness - 9.6%, with all other AEs observed more rarely. PER dose was reduced due to side effects in 7 patients (13.5%), and in 4 patients (7.7%) PER was discontinued. Average PER dose in adult patients was as low as 6 mg.

Conclusions. PER was effective in the treatment of refractory forms of focal epilepsy, reducing seizure frequency on average by 76% by the second month of treatment. In addition to a good clinical effect, PER demonstrated a rather acceptable and predictable safety profile.
Conceptualising patterns of spatial flows: Five decades of advances in the definition and use of functional regions
Authors: Klapka Pavel , Halás Marián
Published: July 2016

Some fifty years in the development of ideas about the definition and use of functional regions are elaborated in this article, as an introduction to this Special Issue of the Moravian Geographical Reports. The conceptual basis for functional regions is discussed, initially in relation to region-organising interactions and their behavioural foundations. This paper presents an approach to functional regions which presumes that such regions objectively exist and that they are based on more or less tangible processes (however, a different view of regions is also briefly described). A typology of functional regions is presented and the development of methods for finding a definition of functional regions is discussed, as well as a typology for these methods. The final part of this article stresses the importance of functional regions in geographical research, and introduces some emerging new prospects in the study of functional regions.
The efficiency of areal units in spatial analysis: Assessing the performance of functional and administrative regions
Authors: Klapka Pavel , Halás Marián , Netrdová Pavlína , Nosek Vojtěch
Published: July 2016

An attempt to provide a procedure for the assessment of the efficiency of various regional systems for the purposes of spatial analysis is presented in this paper. Functional regions as well as approximated functional regions and the existing administrative regions in the Czech Republic are evaluated, as examples of regional systems to be compared and assessed. Functional regions and approximated functional regions are defined according to the adjusted third variant of the CURDS regionalisation algorithm, using the latest knowledge on the operation of the constraint function. The comparisons of individual regional systems are based on LISA maps and particularly on the assessment of regional variability, including the measures of internal homogeneity and external variability in the regional systems.
Risk Assessment of the Innovative Projects Implementation
Authors: Deptuła Anna Małgorzata , Knosala Ryszard
Published: July 2016

The article presents the issue of risk assessment of innovations. Specificity of technological innovation realized in manufacturing companies has been particularly well described here. An original method of assessing the innovative projects risk has been presented. The elaborated method has been implemented in three enterprises, the business activity of which is not typical for electrical engineering, metal and mechanical engineering and companies which are going to carry out the innovative project simultaneously with already started innovative projects. Moreover, an example of the risk assessment of a chosen technological innovation has been presented.
Role of Ontologies for CPS Implementation in Manufacturing
Authors: Garetti Marco , Fumagalli Luca , Negri Elisa
Published: July 2016

Cyber Physical Systems are an evolution of embedded systems featuring a tight combination of collaborating computational elements that control physical entities. CPSs promise a great potential of innovation in many areas including manufacturing and production. This is because we obtain a very powerful, flexible, modular infrastructure allowing easy (re) configurability and fast ramp-up of manufacturing applications by building a manufacturing system with modular mechatronic components (for machining, transportation and storage) and embedded intelligence, by integrating them into a system, through a network connection. However, when building such kind of architectures, the way to supply the needed domain knowledge to real manufacturing applications arises as a problem to solve. In fact, a CPS based architecture for manufacturing is made of smart but independent manufacturing components without any knowledge of the role they have to play together in the real world of manufacturing applications. Ontologies can supply such kind of knowledge, playing a very important role in CPS for manufacturing. The paper deals with this intriguing theme, also presenting an implementation of this approach in a research project for the open automation of manufacturing systems, in which the power of CPS is complemented by the support of an ontology of the manufacturing domain.
Analyzing Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Strategically Managing Resource Allocations to Achieve Operational Competitiveness
Authors: Abdul Malek Nurul Aida , Shahzad Khuram , Takala Josu , Bojnec Stefan , Papler Drago , Liu Yang
Published: July 2016

In today’s dynamic business environment, a key challenge for all companies is to make adaptive adjustments to their manufacturing strategy. This study demonstrates the competitive priorities of manufacturing strategy in hydro-power case company to evaluate the level of sustainable competitive advantage and also to further analyze how business strategies are aligned with manufacturing strategies. This research is based on new holistic analytical evaluation of manufacturing strategy index, sense and respond, and sustainable competitive advantage models. These models help to describe, evaluate, and optimize resource allocation to meet the performance requirements in dynamic decision making. Furthermore, these models evaluate operational competitiveness for manufacturing strategies according to the multi-criteria priority. The results show that the adjustments of competitive priorities in manufacturing strategies by implementing the proposed holistic analytical models are helpful in strategically managing business operations. The discussion derives the most critical attributes in business operations while alignment of resource allocation with competitive priorities help to strategically focus those attributes. In conclusion, we argue that resource allocation and manufacturing strategies have become the most important capabilities in a business environment where companies focus to get a sustainable competitive advantage.
An Integrated Approach to Development And Simulation Manufacturing Processes of Optical Products
Authors: Yablochnikov Eugeny I. , Vasilkov Sergey D. , Andreev Yuriy S. , Pirogov Alexander V. , Tretyakov Sergey D.
Published: July 2016

The engineering management process and automation method for making pilot set of optical polymer parts used in LED systems are considered. Optical system and lens geometry development are realized in Zemax. 3D model and molding tools with further generating of NC coded data are developed in Cimatron E. Pre simulation of injection molding process is realized in Moldex 3D and thermo-mechanical analysis is provided by OOFELIE. 3D printer Objet is used for parts prototyping on different stages of the process. Data and process management are realized with a help of PDM system SmarTeam.
Off-Line and Dynamic Production Scheduling – A Comparative Case Study
Authors: Bożek Andrzej , Wysocki Marian
Published: July 2016

A comprehensive case study of manufacturing scheduling solutions development is given. It includes highly generalized scheduling problem as well as a few scheduling modes, methods and problem models. The considered problem combines flexible job shop structure, lot streaming with variable sublots, transport times, setup times, and machine calendars. Tabu search metaheuristic and constraint programming methods have been used for the off-line scheduling. Two dynamic scheduling methods have also been implemented, i.e., dispatching rules for the completely reactive scheduling and a multi-agent system for the predictivereactive scheduling. In these implementations three distinct models of the problem have been used, based on: graph representation, optimal constraint satisfaction, and Petri net formalism. Each of these solutions has been verified in computational experiments. The results are compared and some findings about advantages, disadvantages, and suggestions on using the solutions are formulated.
Benchmarking Supplier Development: An Empirical Case Study of Validating a Framework to Improve Buyer-Supplier Relationship
Authors: Shahzad Khuram , Sillanpää Ilkka , Sillanpää Elina , Imeri Shpend
Published: July 2016

In today’s dynamic business environment, firms are required to utilize efficiently and effectively all the useful resources to gain competitive advantage. Supplier development has evolved as an important strategic instrument to improve buyer supplier relationships. For that reason, this study focuses on providing the strategic significance of supplier development approaches to improve business relationships. By using qualitative research method, an integrated framework of supplier development and buyer-supplier relationship development has been tested and validated in a Finnish case company to provide empirical evidence. It particularly investigates how supplier development approaches can develop buyer-supplier relationships. The study present a set of propositions that identify significant supplier development approaches critical for the development of buyer-supplier relationships and develop a theoretical framework that specifies how these different supplier development approaches support in order to strengthen the relationships. The results are produced from an in-depth case study by implementing the proposed research framework. The findings reveal that supplier development strategies i.e., supplier incentives and direct involvements strongly effect in developing buyer-supplier relationships. Further research may focus on considering in-depth investigation of trust and communication factors along with propositions developed in the study to find out general applicability in dynamic business environment. Proposed integrated framework along with propositions is a unique combination of useful solutions for tactical and strategic management’s decision making and also valid for academic researchers to develop supplier development theories.
Free Power-Commutative Groupoids
Authors: Celakoska-Jordanova Vesna
Published: July 2016

A groupoid is called power-commutative if every mono-generated subgroupoid is commutative. The class Pc of power-commutative groupoids is a variety. A description of free objects in this variety and their characterization by means of injective groupoids in Pc are obtained.
Sharp Inequalities for Polygamma Functions
Authors: Guo Bai-Ni , Qi Feng , Zhao Jiao-Lian , Luo Qiu-Ming
Published: July 2016

In the paper, the authors review some inequalities and the (logarithmically) complete monotonicity concerning the gamma and polygamma functions and, more importantly, present a sharp double inequality for bounding the polygamma function by rational functions.
Notes on the Product of Locales
Authors: Picado Jorge , Pultr Aleš
Published: July 2016

Products of locales (generalized spaces) are coproducts of frames. Because of the algebraic nature of the latter they are often viewed as algebraic objects without much topological connotation. In this paper we first analyze the frame construction emphasizing its tensor product carrier. Then we show how it can be viewed topologically, that is, in the sum-of-the-open-rectangles perspective. The main aim is to present the product from different points of view, as an algebraic and a geometric object, and persuade the reader that both of them are fairly transparent.
More on Uniform Paracompactness in Pointfree Topology
Authors: Dube Themba , Naidoo Inderasan
Published: July 2016

We revisit uniformly paracompact uniform frames and show that, in analogy with their spatial counterparts, they have a characterisation in terms of a “completeness property”. Namely, they are precisely those in which every weakly Cauchy filter clusters. We also give another characterisation in terms of the Čech-Stone compactification of the underlying frame. By tweaking the definition of uniformly paracompact frames, we define uniformly para-Lindelöf frames (analogously to same-named uniform spaces) and characterise them in terms of the Lindelöf coreflection of the underlying frame. This latter characterisation has no spatial counterpart.
Nonmeasurable Cardinals and Pointfree Topology
Authors: Banaschewski B.
Published: July 2016

This paper establishes that the familiar rôle of nonmeasurable cardinals in classical topology extends to pointfree topology, that is, the setting of frames. For this, it considers the frames which are the pointfree form of the extremally disconnected P-spaces, namely the extremally disconnected 0-dimensional frames in which any countable join of complemented elements is complemented, and shows that they

(1) have discrete spectrum and

(2) are realcompact whenever they have nonmeasurable cardinal.

An important tool obtained for this purpose is the result that, for a Boolean frame L, any σ-frame homomorphism L → 2 preserves the joins of all subsets of nonmeasurable cardinal.
Pseudocompact σ-Frames
Authors: Clarke Jumani , Gilmour Christopher
Published: July 2016

The cozero part of a sigma-frame is considered here for the first time. The fundamental notion of a trail in a frame is adapted for sigma-frames via the notion of a witness and, as a consequence, one obtains characterisations for the cozero elements, and of pseudocompactness, of sigma-frames. In the presence of complete regularity, pseudocompactness is seen to be equivalent to (countable) compactness which, in this setting, and unlike its spatial and frame counterparts, gives rise to a coreflection which is the pseudocompactification.
Generalized Commutativity of Lattice-Ordered Groups
Authors: Darnel M. R. , Holland W. C. , Pajoohesh H.
Published: July 2016

In this paper we explore generalizations of Neumann’s theorem proving that weak commutativity in ordered groups actually implies the group is abelian. We show that a natural generalization of Neumann’s weak commutativity holds for certain Scrimger ℓ-groups.
Polymorphism-Homogeneous Monounary Algebras
Authors: Farkasová Zuzana , Jakubíková-Studenovská Danica
Published: July 2016

An n-ary local polymorphism of a given monounary algebra A is a homomorphism from a finitely generated subalgebra of An to A. A is n-polymorphism-homogeneous if each n-ary local polymorphism can be extended to a global polymorphism. Then A is called polymorphism-homogeneous, if it is n-polymorphism-homogeneous for each positive integer n. In this paper we describe all polymorphism-homogeneous monounary algebras.