bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Test Items between The High School Biology Olimpiad in North Kayong and The National Science Olimpiad
Authors: Marlina R. , Puspaningrum H. , Hamdani H.
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this research is to find out the differentiation between high school biology olympiad in the District of North Kayong and the National Biology Olympiad. The analysis is used to provide feedback to students regarding their knowledge in the forms of factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive traits. This research is a descriptive study consisting of two phases: the stage of designing test items carried out by four Biology teachers who joined the group, Science Teachers Council, and the test tryout phase given to 33 high school students of class XI. This research resulted in the dimensions of knowledge which indicates that there are 79% (63 items) being in the dimension of the factual, as much as 15% (12 items) in the conceptual, as much as 6% (5 items) in the procedural, while the metacognitive dimension is 0%. The question package which was given in the preliminary phase test was 5% considered difficult, while in the final stage such difficulty was not found (0%). Therefore, it is concluded that the question items need to be revised because they have differentiation between high school biology olympiad in the District of North Kayong and the National Biology Olympiad.
Building The Character of Pre-Service Teachers through The Learning Model of Problem-Based Analytical Chemistry Lab Work
Authors: Haryani S. , Prasetya A. T. , Bahron H.
Published: November 2017

This research aims to apply and find out the characteristics of Problem-Based Instrumental Analysis of Chemistry Lab Work Learning Model (IACLLM) which is able to build the characters, improve the conceptual mastery and the ability of problem solving. The research using experimental quasy with 2 student groups of pre service chemistry teachers as the subjects of the research applied the treatment of problem-based IACLLM for the experimental class and lab work learning with standard lab work procedure in control class. Conceptual mastery was measured using essay test; problem solving skills were measured using assessment of problem solving reports, presentation of the results, and kit making products; whereas the emerged characters were observed during the learning process. The result of this research showed that problem-based IACLLM had open-ended problem characteristic, had produced local material kit, and characters were observed in every stage of problem-based learning model. The implementation of the model could improve the spectrometric and electrometric conceptual mastery, the problem solving skills on a very good level and also some characters were developing during learning process, including religious, discipline, honest, curious, creative, critical, cooperative, communicative, independent, and able to appreciate other people’s opinions and achievements, leadership, democracy, and able to be thorough and careful, and hardworking.
Project-Based Learning Design for Internalization of Environmental Literacy with Islamic Values
Authors: Farida I. , Hadiansyah H. , Mahmud M. , Munandar A.
Published: November 2017

This research aims to produce teaching and learning design to develop environmental literacy among students through project-based learning to internalize the Islamic values. The program was developed through research and development design with three phases: a preliminary study, development program, and feasibility studies. This research produces three characteristics of the teaching and learning programs i.e.: (a) Developing environmental literacy of students based on Islamic values by using project-based teaching and learning; b) Developing the main themes of ‘Green Living’ of which is divided into four sub-themes: ‘Save our water,’ ‘Save our Soil,’ ‘Use Eco-friendly Products’ and ‘Waste for Life’; c) Facilitating students to conduct learning activities, in order to develop scientific skills and environmental literacy. The design model was validated by experts’ judgment. The tests showed that this design is feasible to be used in courses. It is suggested that the theme be broadened to include other relevant themes with environmental issues. The study is recommended to be followed up with testing and implementation by integrating the themes in other relevant subjects.
Implementation of Problem-Based Learning with Green Chemistry Vision to Improve Creative Thinking Skill and Students’ Creative Actions
Authors: Nuswowati M. , Susilaningsih E. , Ramlawati R. , Kadarwati S.
Published: November 2017

The aims of the research are to increase creative thinking skills and creative action through the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with green chemistry insight. The research design of mixed method experimental models embedded with a pretest-posttest control group was applied to measure the effectiveness of the application of the of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with green chemistry insight at the end of the learning activities to increase creative thinking skills and creative action of students in solving various environmental problems. The results showed that creative thinking before and after implementation of the experimental class is 82.42 and N-Gain 0.73 (high category), while that in the control class is 69.85 and N-Gain 0.32 (medium category). The assessment of the creative action begins from investigating groups of problem-solving ideas written on the outcome of the discussion groups. The consultation with the lecturer is carried out for the implementation of tasks, exhibit, communication (presentation), and rewriting in the form of reports in more detail results/ products of the creative activity that has been done and also the sustainability of the action. The application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with green chemistry insight is able to increase creative thinking skills and creative action of the students.

 

 

 
Capturing The PCK Ability of Prospective Science Teachers Using Core and PaP-Er
Authors: Nurmatin S. , Purwianingsih W.
Published: November 2017

This study involving prospective science teachers at SMP aims to portray the ability of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of the teachers via resource folios. Resource folios in question are the core and PaP-eRs made by the prospective science teachers when carrying out the “Program Pengalaman Lapangan” (PPL). The subjects were six candidates conducting PPL at a junior high school and were assigned by the class teachers to teach Grade VII. The instrument used as a means of collecting data in this research is the CoRe and PaP-eRs. The instrument has been analyzed using an analytical format. The result of CoRe and PaP-eRs analysis shows that the learning activities are carried out on the whole in accordance with lesson plans that have been rendered previously. However, the instruction plan is focused more on the CoRe content materials to be studied, while the narrative of learning implementation in the PaP-eRs is emphasized more on learning activities. The results show that the PCK ability of prospective teachers still do not show the integration between content capability and pedagogical ability.
Enhancement of Students’ Biological Literacy and Critical Thinking of Biology through Socio-Biological Case-Based Learning
Authors: Suwono H. , Pratiwi H. E. , Susanto H. , Susilo H.
Published: November 2017

Biology is a leading science and a foundation in everyday life for all people. Biology student teachers need to be equipped with biological literacy and critical thinking skills in order to teach biology in the future. This research is aimed at determining the effect of socio-biological case-based learning on biological literacy and critical thinking skills of biology student teachers compared with the traditional learning (lecture-based learning). Socio-biological case-based learning is a model of problem-based learning by placing biological cases as a problem to be explained and solved through a series of investigative activities. This research was a quasi-experimental conducted at the Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Malang. The research samples were the first year students who programmed the General Biology course, consisting of 29 students as a control group and 33 students as experimental group. This research was conducted in September-December 2015. The data of biological literacy and critical thinking were collected from pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA test. The research showed that there was a significant difference of biological literacy and critical thinking skills between the students taught by using socio-biological case-based learning and those taught by using lecture-based learning. The research indicated that the socio-biological case-based learning could enhance the biological literacy and critical thinking skills of biology students teachers.
Structured education programme for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mani Hamidreza , Chudasama Yogini , Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Bodicoat Danielle H , Edwardson Charlotte , Levy Miles J , Gray Laura J , Barnett Janette , Daly Heather , Howlett Trevor A , Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie J
Published: November 2017

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured education programmes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

Single-centre, randomised controlled trial, testing a single exposure to a group-based, face-to-face, structured education programme. Inclusion criteria were women with PCOS, aged 18–49 years inclusive and body mass index ≥23 kg/m2 for black and minority ethnicities or ≥25 kg/m2 for white Europeans. Primary outcome was step-count/day at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included indices of physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life (QoL) and illness perception (IP).

Results

161 women were included (78 control, 83 intervention); 69% white; mean age 33.4 (s.d. 7.6) years, of whom 100 (48 intervention; 52 control) attended their 12-month visit (38% attrition). 77% of the intervention arm attended the education programme. No significant change in step-count was observed at 12 months (mean difference: +351 steps/day (95% confidence interval −481, +1183); P = 0.40). No differences were found in biochemical or anthropometric outcomes. The education programme improved participants’ IP in 2 dimensions: understanding their PCOS (P < 0.001) and sense of control (P < 0.01) and improved QoL in 3 dimensions: emotions (P < 0.05), fertility (P < 0.05), weight (P < 0.01) and general mental well-being (P < 0.01).

Discussion

A single exposure to structured education programme did not increase physical activity or improve biochemical markers in overweight and obese women with PCOS. However, providing a structured education in parallel to routine medical treatment can be beneficial for participants’ understanding of their condition, reducing their anxiety and improving their QoL.
Estrogen and high-fat diet induced alterations in C57BL/6 mice endometrial transcriptome profile
Authors: Cheng Yali , Lv Qiaoying , Xie Bingying , Yang Bingyi , Shan Weiwei , Ning Chengcheng , Li Bing , Xie Liying , Gu Chao , Luo Xuezhen , Chen Xiaojun , Zhu Qin
Published: November 2017

Unopposed estrogen stimulation and insulin resistance are known to play important roles in endometrial cancer (EC), but the interaction between these two factors and how they contribute to endometrial lesions are not completely elucidated. To investigate the endometrial transcriptome profile and the associated molecular pathway alterations, we established an ovariectomized C57BL/6 mouse model treated with subcutaneous implantation of 17-β estradiol (E2) pellet and/or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to mimic sustained estrogen stimulation and insulin resistance. Histomorphologically, we found that both E2 and E2 + HFD groups showed markedly enlarged uterus and increased number of endometrial glands. The endometrium samples were collected for microarray assay. GO and KEGG analysis showed that genes regulated by E2 and/or HFD are mainly responsible for immune response, inflammatory response and metabolic pathways. Further IPA analysis demonstrated that the acute phase response signaling, NF-κB signaling, leukocyte extravasation signaling, PPAR signaling and LXR/RXR activation pathways are mainly involved in the pathways above. In addition, the genes modulated reciprocally by E2 and/or HFD were also analyzed, and their crosstalk mainly focuses on enhancing one another’s activity. The combination analysis of microarray data and TCGA database provided potential diagnostic or therapeutic targets for EC. Further validation was performed in mice endometrium and human EC cell lines. In conclusion, this study unraveled the endometrial transcriptome profile alterations affected by E2 and/or HFD that may disturb endometrial homeostasis and contribute to the development of endometrial hyperplasia.
Kontakte Multimedia Project at The University of Iowa
Authors: Pusack James P.
Published: November 2017

This article describes the design and implementation of a CD-ROM-based German exercise package for commercial distribution and a listening and culture package using interactive multimedia based on authentic German television programs. The project demonstrates how a set of specialized authoring tools can be brought to bear upon the real-world needs and constraints of a curriculum based on a commercial textbook. Solutions to problems arising from the match between theory and technology are detailed and lessons for future projects are suggested.
Expanding Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine Teaching through Internationally Livestreamed Academic Forums
Authors: Dean Jonathon , Stretch Benjamin , Dunn Abigail , Mitchard Matthew , Slade Tara , Rosson Louise , Chesters Adam
Published: November 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Changing expectations in the accessibility of medical education and concomitant increases in inclusion of technology have led to demand for novel content delivery methods in medical education. Classical paradigms of educational preference based on geographical accessibility are gradually being replaced in a progressively online and connected environment by learners' preference for convenience, with selection between educational options becoming increasingly based on the quality of the content, and not necessarily its physical proximity. Livestreaming a medical education programme presents a new set of technical, logistical, and ethical considerations. Cambridge University Pre-Hospital Care Programme delivers a regional academic Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine (PHEM) teaching programme mapped to the GMC recognised sub-specialty of the national PHEM curriculum and this programme has begun to stream the programme's monthly forums. We describe a literature review on livestreaming in medical education, a summary of our results with livestreaming, and recommendations for organisations interested in similar expansion. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted by searching PubMed for terms related to livestreamed medical education. This programme began implementation of livestreaming in April 2017. Feedback was collected using Likert scales specific to livestream accessibility and audiovisual quality. Results: Four forums were successfully livestreamed between April and August 2017; feedback was increasingly positive as the programme became more familiar with livestreaming and made technical improvements to the stream. Discussion: This programme provided free, open-access livestreamed PHEM education to students and professionals in diverse fields. We present lessons learned by this organisation in implementation, and evidence that livestreamed medical education from leading experts is both possible and in demand. This has implications for both synchronous and asynchronous medical education; diffusion of medical education to interested parties need not be limited by geography, specialty, or access.
Integrating Health Systems Science in early undergraduate medical education: barriers to implementation and lessons learned
Authors: Mills Lynnea M , Hoffman Ari B , Khan Adeena , Lai Cindy J
Published: November 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Incorporating health systems science (HSS) into medical school curricula is important, but there are numerous barriers to implementation, including lack of prioritization of this content by students. We performed a pilot intervention to integrate HSS content with clinical skills in a Hospital Medicine preceptorship for first-year medical students, with a focus on student and faculty responses to the curriculum. Students responded to surveys about their learning and experience with the curriculum, and faculty members described their experience working with the students. We identified multiple barriers to implementation, the largest being that students were reluctant to spend time on HSS content and preferred to focus on traditional clinical skills. This empiric study of student-perceived barriers to uptake of HSS content confirms prior studies that have anticipated but not tested for the presence of these specific, student-framed barriers in practice.
Application of Lithuanian National Atlas for Geography Learning Possibilities / Lietuvos nacionalinio atlaso taikymo galimybės mokant geografijos
Authors: Česnulevičius Algimantas
Published: November 2017

The article analyzed the possibilities of usability of first volume of Lithuanian National Atlas for deepening geography knowledge at primary and secondary schools. For realization of geography education goals set tasks related to spatial perception, perception of territorial distribution of geographical phenomena and processes, events causality description, territorial assessment of relevant society problems development, cherish of environmental protection, cultural heritage conservation traditions.
Carried analysis of atlas maps for the geography knowledge’s formation showed that the first volume Lithuanian National Atlas maps are:
Eligible for pupils geographical (spatial) worldview formation, providing additional possibilities to learn of nature and the structure of society diversity of Lithuania and other countries and its regions, to expand the geography of knowledge and understanding, develop of primary capacity of geographic information collection and analysis, formation geographical concept of local, regional and global processes, develop analysis and research skills of natural and social processes and students interpretative thinking.
Atlas maps as a demonstration and performance analytical pieces are integrated into a wide range of natural and social geography range of topics, which associated with local, regional and global phenomena.
Application of Lithuanian National Atlas maps in education expands maps publishing in public online. They can be analyzed using the integrated measurement tools for the distance and area measurements. This enables the Lithuanian National Atlas maps use for practical tasks and for cognitive and educational projects realization.
Investigation of Experiences Teaching Students with Intellectual Disabilities / Geografijos mokytojų darbo pamokose su sutrikusio intelekto mokiniais patirties tyrimas
Authors: Venckienė Regina
Published: November 2017

The article contains a survey of some aspects of experiences teaching students with intellectual disabilities. It emphasizes the learning problems, discusses the issues of planning and individualization of teaching/learning substance, points out the most popular methods of teaching geography and nuances of communication and cooperation with other interested persons.
Generalization of investigation data showed that almost all interrogated persons work with children with special needs. The majority of respondents seek solutions of the mentioned problems individually. They mainly communicate with their colleagues and students’ parents and individualize the teaching substance and tasks on their own.
Their solutions usually are based on teaching aids designed for implementation of the general teaching programs. For complementary information, they usually address the internet sources or attend special courses, seminars and conferences. Most of geography teachers working with children with intellectual disabilities use both classic and active teaching/learning techniques and formal and informal evaluation applying oral and written interrogation methods. According to the obtained data, the teachers of geography, who participated in the interrogation, give priority to teaching skills of geography and all general competencies. It should be noted that generalization of the survey data highlighted some negative aspects of the work with students with intellectual disabilities.
It was determined that during the lessons most of the interrogated teachers do not apply evaluation/self-evaluation method and use written quizzes alone. They scored own experience of working with children with special needs to 2–3 points and pointed out lack of competence. Unfortunately, few geography teachers think that students with intellectual disabilities should not be trained at comprehensive schools.
International Academic Exchange of Students and Teaching Staff in Human Geography Study Field: The Case of Klaipėda University / Visuomeninės geografijos studijų krypties studentų ir dėstytojų tarptautiniai akademiniai mainai: Klaipėdos universiteto atvejis
Authors: Verkulevičiūtė - Kriukienė Daiva , Bučienė Angelija
Published: November 2017

The participation in Erasmus and Erasmus+ programmes is the most popular form of mobility among the university teachers and other academic staff as well as students. The geographers of Klaipėda University can study in more than 20 universities of different regions of Europe, and the geography of studies expands from year to year. While studying in foreign countries, they not only deepen their knowledge, but also broaden the geographic scope, acquaint with new people and cultures, strengthen the knowledge of foreign language. From the other side, the students of foreign universities, having been chosen the geographic modules at Klaipėda University, have a possibility to see and learn about the nature of Western Lithuania, social and economic objects, the cultural environment.
According to the foreign students, the studies are organized so, that academic staff is able to collaborate with each student immediately, and the atmosphere of studies is very good.
Besides the foreign students, Klaipėda University receives also the foreign academic staff, organizes the international practices, develops the projects, and the academic staff of Klaipėda university has a possibility to visit the universities of foreign countries. Those visits give the invaluable benefit to the teachers, because one can receive more experience, and the newly adopted methods may be applied at Klaipėda University.
Development and calibration of a rainfall simulator for hydrological studies
Authors: Sousa Júnior Silvio Fagundes de , Mendes Thiago Augusto , Siqueira Eduardo Queija de
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Rainfall Simulators (RS) have been used as tools for researches involving the estimation of runoff and infiltration on permeable pavements as well as in evaluating storm build-up and wash-off processes on pavements and roofs. Data obtained with the use of RS allows building a database with parameters which are useful in the implementation of BMPs taking local environment conditions into consideration. The purpose of this study was to develop and calibrate a handy and low-cost RS for hydrological researches. The developed RS can reproduce rainfall with intensities from 40 mm h-1 to 182 mm h-1. The RS is able to simulate rainfall events with drops of median diameter (D50) of 2.12 mm and kinetic energy of 22.53 J mm-1m-2, which represent 90.12% of the kinetic energy produced by a natural rainfall. Spatial distribution of simulated rainfall, which is expressed by the Christiansen's Uniformity Coefficient, was considered satisfactory with a value of up to 87.80%. The developed RS can be used as an alternative for the acquisition of hydrological data in a reduced period of time, under standardized experimental conditions and independently of natural rainfall events. The RS is also capable to simulate rainfall events with varying intensity.
“Rather one more chemo than one less…”: Oncologists and Oncology Nurses’ Reasons for Aggressive Treatment of Young Adults with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Laryionava Katsiaryna , Heußner Pia , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Winkler Eva C.
Published: November 2017

Background

Empirical research demonstrates that there is a tendency to administer tumor-directed therapy to patients with advanced cancer close to death, especially if they are young. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand oncologists’ treatment decisions and oncology nurses’ perception of these decisions in young adult patients and to investigate the extent to which young age was a factor in cancer treatment decisions.

Materials and Methods

We conducted 29 face-to-face interviews with oncologists and oncology nurses at the Department of Hematology and Oncology at the University Hospital in Munich, Germany. The interviews were analyzed according to the grounded theory approach.

Results

Oncologists and nurses reported that decisions about limiting cancer treatment with young adult patients are the most challenging and stressful in clinical practice. Apart from using young age as a proxy for patient's medical fitness, oncologists’ decisions in favor of more aggressive treatment of younger patients were mainly guided by ethical reasons such as patient preferences and the perceptions of injustice associated with dying at a young age, as well as by psychological reasons, such as identification and emotional entanglement.

Conclusion

“Struggling” together with the patient against the injustice of dying young for a longer lifetime is an important factor driving aggressive treatment in young adult patients. However, oncologists might run a risk of neglecting other ethical aspects, such as a principle of nonmaleficence, that might even result in life-shortening adverse events.

Implications for Practice

This study identifies two ethical and one psychological reasons for patients' overtreatment: 1) patients' preference for further treatment; 2) oncologists' perception of un-fairness of dying young; and 3) identification and emotional entanglement with patient. These findings emphasize the need for oncologists' awareness of the reasons guiding their treatment decisions — a sole focus on patients' preferences and on the fighting against the unfairness of dying young might lead to neglecting obligations of non-maleficence. Self-reflection, the balance of empathy and professional distance as well as timely end of life discussions and involvement of psycho-oncologists are needed in the care of young cancer patients.
Integration of a mechanical energy-storage unit in a road pavement energy-harvesting device
Authors: Duarte Francisco , Ferreira Adelino , Fael Paulo
Published: November 2017

Research into energy harvesting technologies has increased considerably in recent years. The particular case of energy harvesting on road pavements is a very recent area of research, with different technologies having been developed for this purpose. However, none of them has presented high conversion-efficiency rates nor technical or economic viability. Looking at other renewable energy technologies, the inclusion of not only electrical but also, in some cases, mechanical energy-storage units has led to an increase in global efficiency and, consequently, viability. This paper deals with the technical study of the integration of a mechanical energy-storage system in a road pavement hydraulic energy-harvesting device, in order to evaluate the impact on global efficiency. The main goal is to quantify the efficiency of the energy storage as well as the overall efficiency of the system, including the harvesting, transmission and conversion-efficiency rate, comparing it to scenarios where no storage system is used. Finally, the conclusions on the performance of each system are presented.
Lateral spreading within a limit equilibrium framework: Newmark sliding blocks with degrading yield accelerations
Authors: Leshchinsky B. A. , Mason H. B. , Olsen M. J. , Gillins D. T.
Published: November 2017

Lateral spreading is a prevalent geotechnical problem associated with earthquake-induced liquefaction, often occurring at gentle slopes of loose, saturated sand near bodies of water and causing significant damage to buried utilities. This study presents a deterministic approach to analyse lateral spreading behaviour using a modified Newmark analysis applied to a column of sliding blocks with degrading yield accelerations. The proposed sliding column approach exhibits reasonable agreement with a well-instrumented centrifuge test evaluating free-field lateral spreading. The analysis captures lateral spreading displacement throughout a soil profile, as well as shear strains and simplified earth pressures. The effect of light cementation is investigated, demonstrating notable arrest of lateral spreading displacements and pressures. Free-face effects are also evaluated for a liquefying layer of soil beneath a gentle, competent crustal slope, demonstrating notable lateral spreading behaviour with larger inclinations of liquefying soil. However, lateral spreading still occurred when considering a horizontal liquefying layer, realised due to inertial loading and differences between confining boundary forces. The approach can be utilised to efficiently analyse lateral spreading across a large spatial extent.
A dimensão jurídico-política da sustentabilidade e o direito fundamental à razoável duração do procedimento
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Ferreira Leandro José
Published: November 2017

O presente estudo tem como objetivo trabalhar a dimensão jurídico-política da sustentabilidade, que aponta para uma proposta de razoável duração do procedimento judicial como meta indispensável para se alcançar a plenitude do ideal de sustentabilidade. Será abordado o direito fundamental da razoável duração do procedimento, insculpido na Constituição da República de 1988 (CR/1988). Para tanto, foram utilizados na realização desta pesquisa, o método jurídico-teórico e o raciocínio dedutivo, com técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao final do trabalho, pode-se evidenciar que os direitos fundamentais, em especial a razoável duração do procedimento, devem ser devidamente desenvolvidos e efetivados pelo Estado Democrático de Direito, de modo a objetivar e consubstanciar um pleno desenvolvimento pautado na sustentabilidade, com vistas a propiciar o bem-estar duradouro para as presentes e futuras gerações.
O julgamento de Sócrates: Sócrates e o conceito de justiça: a repercussão do julgamento antigamente e sua interpretação atual
Authors: David Ricardo Santos
Published: November 2017

RESUMO:

O presente artigo tem por intuito analisar o Julgamento de Sócrates e a sua interpretação na atualidade. Discorre-se inicialmente acerca do conceito de justiça para o filósofo Sócrates. Em seguida, analisa-se o julgamento deste, comentando os principais pontos. Por fim, faz-se uma comparação entre a repercussão que o julgamento teve antigamente, com a que ele tem na atualidade, procurando demonstrar tal evolução.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Julgamento; Justiça; Atualidade; Sócrates; Evolução.
Justiça social e direitos sociais em rawls: direito à saude e garantias de qualidade de vida com equidade
Authors: Da Silva Delmo Mattos
Published: November 2017

O objetivo fundamental do presente artigo consiste em analisar os princípios da justiça com equidade como base teórica da compreensão de como a oferta de orientações razoáveis para a resolução de questões sociais pode servir de fundamento para a justificação do direito à saúde. Diante disso, examina-se a possibilidade de formulação de um acordo razoável acerca de uma concepção de justiça que represente uma convenção política voluntária e refletida. Nesses termos, torna-se necessário pôr em relevo que a justiça é o resultado do modo como a constituição política e as instituições sociais e econômicas distribuem os cargos e posições entre os membros da sociedade. Assim como, torna-se imprescindível destacar a necessidade das instituições garantirem as oportunidades em condições de igualdade para aqueles que tenham talentos similares e a mesma disposição de cultivá-los e exercê-los. Por fim, analisam-se as condições da estrutura básica da sociedade. No entanto, o objetivo será o de determinar a estrutura básica efetiva-se como regulação e ajuste contínuos das iniquidades. Diante dessas condições, examinam-se os critérios pelos quais se enfatizam as suas respectivas determinações para garantir com equidade a realização dos planos de vida das pessoas.
Uma análise de direito comparado entre brasil e méxico nas experimentações médicas com nascituros
Authors: Reckziegel Janaína , Campos Amalia Patricia Cobos
Published: November 2017

Os experimentos médicos realizados nos Nascituros é uma questão altamente debatida, cuja complexidade é aumentada quando é feito no ventre da mãe, caso o nascituro for dado pouca proteção contra esta experiência. A situação muda quando o mesmo esta na situação antes apontada, pois a legislação é muito mais explícita na sua proteção e estabelece restrições maiores para a experimentação acima mencionada. O presente artigo de corte teórico dogmático, analisa os dilemas ético-jurídicos que esta experimentação apresenta e que incorporam grandes desafios para o Biodireito, examinando aspecto doutrinário, jurisprudencial e legislativo, particularmente focando estes aspectos no México e no Brasil. Para realizar a pesquisa nos auxiliamos essencialmente na hermenêutica e na epistemologia jurídica como ferramentas de valor inestimáveis para chegar as conclusões válidas.
‘… oi, oi! … you must go by the right path’: Mofolo’s Chaka revisited via the original text
Authors: Krog Antjie
Published: November 2017

Thomas Mofolo never defended himself against accusations that his novel Chaka distorts historical facts to express anti-Nguni sentiments under the guise of Christianity. But in a way he foreshadowed the possibility of it, by including as part of his novel a sentence which has become one of his most analysed: “But since it is not our purpose to recount all the affairs of his [Chaka’s] life, we have chosen only one part which suits our present purpose”. Mofolo does not elaborate on what he means by “our present purpose”, but simply continues with the story. By focusing on the original Sesotho text, indigenous Zulu customs, African philosophy and the diversions from historical facts, this article explores other possibilities for what could have been Mofolo’s “present purpose”. My reading is that he tries to plumb what comprises ethical behaviour within a traditionally-valued, pre-Christian ethos, making Chaka arguably one of the earliest philosophical, ethical investigations via the form of the novel on the African continent.
Huldeblyk: Adam Small (1936-2016)
Authors: Braaf Peter
Published: November 2017

Toe ek die nuus van mnr. Adam Small se afsterwe kry, het dit my ’n paar minute geneem om tot verhaal te kom. Hy is die twaalfde lid van die Cape Flats Players wat dood is; die derde een hierdie jaar. Daar is sekere mense wat jy nie verwag dat hulle sal sterwe nie. Een van hulle was my seun Boccaccio wat byna ses jaar gelede oorlede is; ’n ander was Adam Small. Die ervaring van die doodstyding en die hol gevoel daarna sal my altyd bybly. Hoe verwerk jy die verlies? “Tyd heel alles”, het ’n spreker in ’n huldeblyk aan my seun gesê—maar dis nie heeltemaal waar nie: herinneringe en die gevoel van afwesigheid bly. Waarom praat ek van meneer...
Ambientes educativos y territorios del miedo en medio del conflicto armado: estudio sobre escuelas del Bajo y Medio Putumayo
Authors: Lizarralde Jaramillo Mauricio
Published: November 2017

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la tesis doctoral “Ambienteeducativo de escuelas en zonas de conflicto armado”, investigacióndesarrollada en el departamento del Putumayo, con un trabajo decampo orientado tanto a la observación como a la recolección de relatos de maestros, niños y miembros de la comunidad. Los ambientes educativos se instauran en las dinámicas que constituyen todos los procesos de la acción educativa, involucran acciones, experiencias y vivencias; allí se gestan las actitudes, las condiciones materiales y socioafectivas que determinan los territorios y las relaciones necesarias para los propósitos culturales de reproducción. El desarrollo se hace considerando tres vías de aproximación: en primer lugar, el contexto histórico, económico y social; en segunda instancia, las dinámicas culturales que se han ido configurando desde la sociabilidad y las prácticas de socialización; en tercer lugar, las afectaciones que en lo psicosocial ha generado la violencia –patrones de deshumanización en los términos de Martín Baró y Samayoa- y que inciden en la naturalización de los Territorios del Miedo.
Memorias resignificadas: el conflicto armado en las narrativas de inmigrantes colombianos en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA)
Authors: Hernández Claudia Milena
Published: November 2017

Las experiencias de los colombianos en el Área Metropolitana deBuenos Aires (AMBA) producen una serie de aprendizajes y de cambiosen distintos órdenes de la subjetividad. Se trata de cambiossubjetivos relacionados con la incorporación de nuevos saberes yconocimientos, la ampliación o modificación de los marcos interpretativoscon que se da sentido a la realidad social y la relación deestos sujetos consigo mismos. El contexto de la experiencia es un aspectorelevante en la producción de los cambios subjetivos. Para losinmigrantes colombianos, el AMBA habilita una serie de reflexionesy discursos –propios de las corrientes de pensamiento que en estecontexto circulan– que permean sus marcos de interpretación delpasado reciente.Además, sus experiencias significativas constituyen puntos de inflexiónque amplían, modifican y movilizan sus memorias narrativas.Estos están vinculados con la posibilidad de tomar distancia física (yemocional) del contexto colombiano; y la interacción y el diálogoque se suscita –entre colombianos y nativos o residentes del AMBA–sobre las memorias de la violencia política y el terrorismo de Estado.A partir de estos puntos de inflexión, los colombianos manifiestanhaber resignificado el conflicto armado colombiano en términos dedesnaturalizar la violencia, reconocer la dimensión regional dondeeste se encuentra, renombrar esta experiencia colectiva y, en algunoscasos, el surgimiento de una conciencia de cambio.
Violencia, crisis del capitalismo global y juventud
Authors: García Sánchez Bárbara Yadira , Guerrero Barón Javier
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo desarrolla algunas reflexiones que sirvieron de
marco conceptual para la comprensión del contexto social en el que
se articulan las relaciones de violencia en el mundo contemporáneo,
las cuales fueron objeto de investigación en el proyecto Violencia
escolar en Bogotá1 , realizado con metodología Investigación-Acción-
Participativa-IAP, aplicando el modelo “Núcleos de Educación
Social2 ”, estudiando las estructuras sociales que generan violencias.
Escuela, memoria y conflicto en Colombia. Un ejercicio del estado del arte de la temática
Authors: Jiménez Becerra Absalón , Infante Acevedo Raúl , Cortés Ruth Amanda
Published: November 2017

El hilo conductor del presente artículo es la memoria, que como dispositivo de trabajo pedagógico se convierte a la vez en un elemento de tensión y sistematización de la experiencia docente. La lucha por la memoria oficial se evidencia en la escuela, particularmente en asignaturas como Historia y ciencias sociales escolares, que al seguir un lineamiento oficial se inscriben en las políticas de la memoria institucional, en las políticas de la historia oficial del Estado. No obstante, en los últimos años algunos maestros en la escuela han logrado tensionar los ángulos de la memoria y la historia oficial recurriendo a experiencias significativas y de innovación de trabajo pedagógico donde el tema del conflicto social, político y armado, vivido tanto en el escenario rural como el urbano se ha convertido en una posibilidad temática de trabajo en el aula.
Cine y educación - Campo de visión, movimiento, velocidad y poder
Authors: Martínez Boom Alberto , Orozco Tabares Jhon Henry
Published: November 2017

Afirmar que el cine nos ayuda a pensar y nos hace contemporáneos significa darle un lugar que resulta próximo al que estaría llamado a cumplir la filosofía. Cine, educación e investigación se articulan en este trabajo como lugares que permiten ver y crear. Inscrito al interior de la experiencia formativa de un seminario doctoral se entretejen aquí insinuaciones, preguntas y conexiones que eluden toda conclusión. Cuatro acápites ordenan analíticamente el recorrido: pensar el cine y el cine en el pensamiento, relaciones entre cine y educación, el cine como campo de visión, BlowUp y Las babas del diablo. Acápites que deliberan con una economía política de la velocidad que afecta las posibilidades y las prácticas de quienes intentan aún el pensamiento y la investigación.
Re-encuadrar dentro del encuadre: miradas a un encuentro cine-educación
Authors: González Jiménez Dulfay Astrid
Published: November 2017

Este artículo presenta algunas de las reflexiones suscitadas en un seminario de formación doctoral, en el que a partir de la relación pedagogía-educación-cine, y a propósito del análisis de algunas películas, se introdujo la plataforma investigativa para repensar e interrogar algunos temas de partida de los proyectos de doctorado. El artículo se divide en tres partes, una presentación del contexto de reflexión; algunas apuntes sobre las incitaciones, a propósito de la relación cine-educación; y algunas inquietudes desde dos películas desde las cuales se leyeron críticamente asuntos claves para pensar hoy, de otras formas, la investigación en educación. El cine favorece lecturas agudas de la forma educación, y la educación, a través del cine, incita a re-encuadrar la propia mirada, a sospechar sobre lo naturalizado en educación, y a capturar y a detenerse sobre aspectos incluso olvidados e ignorados en investigación educativa.
Dogville y la sociedad educadora: apuntes para una lectura desde las otras morales
Authors: Rubio Gaviria David Andrés
Published: November 2017

Este artículo propone una reflexión, inicialmente metodológica, alrededor del problema del origen de la moral, para situar allí una perspectiva que favorece la introducción de la tesis consistente en que en el mundo contemporáneo es más preciso discutir a propósito de la emergencia de “las morales”, en plural, en vez de acusar un origen, como ampliamente se discute en el proyecto genealógico propuesto por Nietzsche. Se propone, a su vez, la idea de la sociedad educadora, en el ámbito de la planetización del mundo actual, toda vez que las preguntas por la moral se constituyen en factores de contingencia en el debate. Finalmente, se acude a la obra cinematográfica Dogville, del director danés Lars von Trier, como pretexto clave para la convergencia de las ideas que se exponen a lo largo del texto.
Las discursividades del arte: un lugar para el dislocamiento de los dispositivos escolares
Authors: Mallarino Flórez Claudia
Published: November 2017

La escuela moderna posee formas singulares y específicas de discursividad acerca del cuerpo, que han constituido dispositivos, delimitados desde instancias propias del poder –campos de fuerza– y desde instancias propias del saber –racionalidades–. Estos dispositivos, determinados históricamente, han naturalizado prácticas corporales de sujeción o de resistencia, según se han jugado estratégicamente en ámbitos de expresión de la corporalidad. Racionalidades analógicas propias de los lenguajes artísticos parecen emerger como condición de posibilidad de una corporalidad genuina y completa.
Otra pedagogía rizomática como desplazamiento de pensamiento
Authors: Gómez Prada Carlos Alberto Molina
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo tiene como referente el permanente ejercicio investigativo adelantado a lo largo de dos seminarios doctorales acompañados intelectualmente por el Dr. Alberto Martínez Boom. Estos son: “Pedagogía, escuela y cine” (desarrollado durante el primer semestre del 2011) y “Escuela, subjetividad y estética. Miradas investigativas en tiempos de encrucijada” (desarrollado durante el segundo semestre del 2011). Este artículo propone una reflexión resultado de este extendido ejercicio investigativo desde una perspectiva interpretativa del autor, recurriendo específicamente a las siguientes fuentes: apuntes personales tomados durante todo este año de ejercicio investigativo y de seminario, protocolos de cada sesión de trabajo, producciones finales de cada uno de los seminarios, algunas unidades visuales y algunas literaturantes. Este artículo deja perfilado el siguiente reto/solicitud a quienes nos formamos en educación: avanzar desde el historizar al pedagogizar. Esto es, movimiento, desplazamiento de pensamiento. Se hace alusión de manera directa de otra pedagogía de tipo rizomático donde la voluntad de poder es desplazamiento del pensamiento hacia un sí mismo alejándose del uno mismo. De ahí que se nos aparezca entre sugerente y peligrosa la idea del ser pedagogo. Y para avanzar en este tema es que me apuntalo en la literatura y el cine.
Metateoría Curricular Neosistémica: subjetivación curricular del siglo XXI
Authors: Tapiero Vásquez Elias
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo plantea, desde la subjetivación como categoría de análisis de la nueva crítica del capitalismo informacional, la primera metateoría que se formula en el campo curricular en Iberoamérica, a partir de un referente positivista y neopositivista no develado por la metateoría curricular crítica ni por su fuente, la crítica ideológica o Ideologiekritik, constitutivo del mito de la neutralidad de los sistemas en las ciencias sociales, que en parte podría explicar el dominio del positivismo en la educación.
Efectos de la secuenciación del material en el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura
Authors: Ballesteros Blanca Patricia , Agudelo de Rincón Rosa
Published: November 2017

Es innegable la importancia de las conductas de lectura y escritura ya que de ellas depende la adquisición de la mayoría de contenidos académicos. En consecuencia, es necesario garantizar su aprendizaje mediante métodos efectivos. Como se anotó en un trabajo anterior (Monografía Científica, Fascículo II, ICOLPE, 1975), a partir de la década del 50 se han utilizado los principios y técnicas de la Psicología del Aprendizaje en el campo específico de la lectura y escritura, con el objeto de determinar y controlar las variables implicadas en el proceso de adquisición, mantenimiento y generalización de estas conductas.
Proyecto lectura y escritura para niños
Authors: Grupo de Investigación Grupo de Investigación
Published: November 2017

Dado el alto índice de repitencia en primero elemental (DANE, 1975)122 y las deficiencias de los diferentes métodos utilizados para la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura aducidas por los maestros, como también la importancia de estas conductas como precurrentes para la adquisición de la mayoría de los contenidos académicos del actual currículo, se hizo necesaria la elaboración y experimentación de un método programado para la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura. A partir de 1974, año en el cual se hizo esta programación, se han llevado a cabo sucesivas investigaciones sobre diferentes variables relevantes tanto al material como al procedimiento de aplicación, teniendo en cuenta las ventajas cualitativas y cuantitativas (respuestas correctas y tiempo de aprendizaje) del método programado. Considerando todas las modificaciones hechas era necesario poner a prueba todo el método, para verificar su efectividad comparándolo con el método más usado, hoy en día, en nuestras escuelas públicas, el de palabras normales.