bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Solid Organic Carbon on Nitrate Remove in Groundwater
Authors: Jin Yun Xiao , Fu Hai Mei
Published: June 2014

In groundwater, the lack of carbon source is a key problem of in-situ denitrification. It is very important to choose appropriate solid carbon-source materials. In this work, wheatstraw and sawdust were selected as potential carbon sources to evaluate the performance for in-situ biological denitrification in groundwater by column experiments. The results showed that sawdust was a suitable corbon source with less release of nitrogen compounds and relatively stable release of organic carbon, compared with wheatstraw, and was applicable for further use as a filling material in in-situ ground water bioremediation.
Experimental Study on Removal of NO Using H2O2/UV System
Authors: Zhao Rong Zhi , Liang Bao Rui , Chen Ying , Song Cun Yi , Tong Zhen Song , Leng Ting Shuang
Published: June 2014

In this paper, use homemade experimental platform to experimental study on removal of NO using H2O2/UV system. The factors include concentration of H2O2, initial concentration of NO, concentration of O2, temperature of H2O2 solution, concentration of a metalic catalyst, gas flow. Carrying on orthogonal test with the above 6 factors, determining the optimal value range of the various influencing factors and the optimal technical conditions are determined. When concentration of H2O2 is 8%, concentration of O2 is 5%, gas flow is 850ml/min, initial concentration of NO is 650mg/m3, temperature of H2O2 solution is 55°C, the mole ratio of Fe2+ is 1:300, then the NO removal is 88.6%. Based on this discussion and analysis, the H2O2/UV system of NO Removal system has certain technical popularization.
The Effects of Operation Parameters on CO2 Removal Efficiency by Membrane Method
Authors: Li Fang Qin , Liu Ji Yong , Zhang Xiao Feng , Ren Jian Xing , Wu Jiang
Published: June 2014

On the membrane contactor test unit, chose monoethanolamine (MEA) as absorption solution to absorb CO2 of simulated flue gases, studied effects of operating parameters on CO2 capture. Operating parameters included initial CO2 contents in flue gas, flue gas flow and absorption solution flow. Experimental results showed that: the greater the absorption of fluid flow, the higher the CO2 removal rate;While the greater the flue gas flow or the higher the initial CO2 concentration in flue gas, the lower the CO2 removal rate. In order to study the influence of the regeneration solution on CO2 absorption efficiency, regeneration experiments were done. Since the loss of solvent in regeneration solution, CO2 removal efficiency by regeneration solution was lower than that by original absorption solution.
The Multivariate Gray Model approach to Predict the Concentration of Atmospheric Fine PM2.5
Authors: Li Jia Yang , Zhao Yang , Shi Shen Kai
Published: June 2014

The problem of atmospheric pollution has become the primary issue all over the world. The atmospheric pollution of the subtle particles PM2.5 has already cause a serious threat to people’s health. This passage is on the side of the causes and the characteristics of this problem. Structuring multivariate grey to prove that the model is accurately through the experiment with great applied on the part of atmospheric pollution.
Thiocyanate Removal from Coking Wastewater through Granular Sludge
Authors: Dong Chun Juan , Pan Qing Ye , Wang Yan Xia
Published: June 2014

To investigate the removal of thiocyanate () in the actual coking wastewater through granular bio-film reactor, two lab-scale granular bio-film reactors (EGSB reactor) (RA and RB) were continuously operated at three stages for about 16 months: anaerobic vs. micro-aerobic for EGSB reactor, varied influent concentrations and varied shock-loading (abrupt and gradual shock-loading) for micro-aerobic EGSB reactor. Compared with anaerobic operation condition, micro-aerobic operation conditions could distinctly strengthen average removal in the EGSB reactor treating actual coking wastewater (47.8% vs.5.3%). At micro-aerobic operation conditions (only with 2000-5000ml·min-1 air flow rate in the external aeration column), with 12h HRT and varied influent concentrations of 200-540mg·L-1, the EGSB reactor could always keep very high removal of 87.6%-94.1%. Microaerobic EGSB reactor had very strong ability of supporting load shock. During the whole operation stage of continuous loads shock (for about 60 days)(from 0.32kgSCN·m-3·d-1 to 1.08 kgSCN·m-3·d-1), removal ability showed a constantly increasing tendency. Micro-aerobic EGSB reactor was a simple and high effectively treatment strategy for the in the actual coking wastewater, and meanwhile high COD, ammonia, phenol and cyanide removal was also kept in the micro-aerobic EGSB reactor.
Preliminary Study on Effects of Nanoscale Amendments on Hyperaccumulator Indian Marigold Grown on Co-Contaminated Soils
Authors: Du Jun Jie , Zhou Qi Xing
Published: June 2014

In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and nZVI/reduced graphene oxide (RGO-nZVI) nanocomposites were prepared, and the effect of nZVI, RGO-nZVI and graphene oxide (GO) on Indian marigold were examined by pot trials with contaminated soils amended with nanomaterials. The observed results show that 0.05% nZVI and 0.05% RGO-nZVI can wilt the Indian marigold, and they exhibit significant in situ mobility in fluvo-aquic soils. In this paper, the feasibility of improving the phytoremediation efficiency of contaminated soils by amending with nanomaterials is also discussed.
A Study on the Strategies for Prevention and Control of Hazy Weather in Shijiazhuang
Authors: Cao Li Jun , Geng Dong Yang , Yu Xiang Mei
Published: June 2014

At present, many Chinese cities are suffering from hazy weather. Blue sky and white cloud have become a luxury. The frequent occurrence of haze has imposed different levels of impacts on people’s livelihood and work, and people are paying continual attention to air quality. How to resolve haze problem has become an important concern of many scholars nowadays. This paper makes an analysis on the formation mechanism of haze as well as the impact and hazard of haze on people’s livelihood, and than proposes a long-term mechanism for the treatment measures to haze.
Adsorption Removal of Copper and Nickel Ions from Wastewater by Ammonia Modified Cotton Stalks
Authors: Li Jing , Jia Dong Mei , Li Chang Hai , Yu Bao Qing
Published: June 2014

The ammonia modified cotton stalks (CS) were utilized to adsorb the Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions from wastewaters, and the effect parameters (i.e. pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature) were also investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The maximum uptake was attained, i.e., 99.4% and 98.8%, respectively, for nickel and copper ions, under the optimum conditions (adsorbent dose: 10 g/L; pH: 6.0 (Ni2+), 5.0 (Cu2+); t: 75min; T: 20 °C) when the initial concentration of heavy metal ions was 20 mg/L. The adsorption process of nickel and copper ions on ammonia modified CS was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Advanced Treatment of Secondary Effluent of a Pharmaceutical Factory in Northern
Authors: Zhao Sha , Li Jiu Ling , Ma Tian Nan , Li Jian Zheng
Published: June 2014

A combined process of coagulation with Fenton oxidation was introduced to the advanced treatment of the secondary effluent of a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment process in northern China. Major factors affecting the treatment were investigated by lab-scale tests. The results showed that FeCl3 was the best among the tested 4 coagulants, and its optimal dose and the initial pH for reaction were 175 mg/L and 7, respectively, at ambient temperature. After the coagulation, the wastewater was treated by Fenton oxidation. An excellent treatment efficiency was obtained with H2O2/Fe2+ (M/M) of 7.5 and H2O2 dosage of 10 mM/L at 20°C reacting for 60 min. For the influent with a COD of 170~200 mg/L and a TP of 6~9 mg/L, a COD removal and TP removal as high as 71.5% and 99.5%, respectively, could be reached after treated by the coagulation combined with the Fenton oxidation under the optimized condition. The final effluent could meet the requirement of Discharge Standards of Water Pollutants for Pharmaceutical Industry Fermentation Products Category (GB21903-2008).
Effect of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay Waters - Land Transfer Process
Authors: Yang Dong Fang , Zhu Si Xi , Wang Feng You , Yang Xiu Qin
Published: June 2014

Based on the investigation data of mercury (Hg) in waters in Jiaozhou bay during time peroids of 1979 to 1985 (absent of 1984), this paper tried to analysis the seasonal variations of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, to reveal the transfer process of Hg, and to provide basis for decision-making of pollution control. Results showed that, there was indistint seasonal variations of Hg content, due to anthropogenic discharge was the major source of Hg, which was not static, but depended on industrial adjustment. The land transfer process of Hg could be divided into three major processes: 1) human discharges of Hg to soil, waters, and atmosphere, etc., 2) Hg is washouted and delivered into streams, and 3) Hg is transferred to ocean via river channel runoff. In order to reconcile economic growth with environmental protection, we should have to improve the use ratio of Hg, and to reduce the discharge load of Hg.
Effect on Addictives Adding of Mn-Ce/TiO2 Selective Catalytic Reduction NO by NH3 at Low-Temperature
Authors: Wu Bin
Published: June 2014

Additives addition into Mn-Ce/TiO2 which had good low-temperature catalytic properties was studied, so as to improve its low-temperature anti-poisoning performance. Results showed that catalytic activity of Mn-Ce/TiO2 added additives V, Fe and Cu (short for Mn-M-Ce/TiO2 ) was improved all, compared with 95% NO conversion efficiency of Mn-Ce/TiO2 at temperature of 120°C, the ratio of Mn-M-Ce/TiO2 reached nearly 100%. Mn-Fe-Ce/TiO2 had the best single anti-poisoning ability, under the existence of 7% vapor, its catalytic conversion efficiency could be always kept over 90% at 120°C.The anti-SO2 poisoning ability at low-temperature reduced after adding additives Fe and Cu. catalytic conversion efficiency of Mn-Fe-Ce/TiO2 and Mn-Cu-Ce/TiO2 could be close to 90% at temperature of 180°C when water and SO2 exist simultaneously.
Removal Effect of Ditch Pond Wetlands on Non-Point Source Pollutants from Agricultural Drainage
Authors: Xiong Han Feng
Published: June 2014

Ditch pond wetland systems have the capacity to remove and purify non-point pollutants of nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural drainage. This paper measured the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus content in ditches, ponds of runoff water, aquatic plants and sediment. The results show that ditch, pond has the very good intercept and removing effect for nitrogen and phosphorus. The total removal rate of TN and TP were 61.13% and 63.08% in ditch pond wetlands. Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia, reed nitrogen absorption per unit area respectively were 2.468 g/m2, 1.795 g/m2, 2.174 g/m2. Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia, reed absorb phosphorus amount per unit area respectively were 0.643 g/m2, 0.351 g/m2, 0.338 g/m2. The TN content and TP content of sediment is increase from ditches1to ditches3. TN content of sediment at pond import is higher than at pond export. TP content changed little in the pond sediment.
Research on Characteristics of Microbe Spatiotemporal Distribution in Indoor Air
Authors: Du Zhe Hua , Lin Xin
Published: June 2014

The review focuses on the progresses of air microbes in indoor environment, including their sources, sorts, influence of human body health, spread regulation and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics. Most airborne microorganisms attached to the dust particles, which is present in the air in the form of aerosol .The distribution of microbe is related with indoor environment condition in the air. The factor which influences it to distribute mainly includes temperature, degree of humidity, wind velocity and weather condition etc. Air microbe is bred easily in ventilation and air conditioning system. The growth of microbe has a tremendous relation with the ventilation and air condition. The distribution of microorganisms in different regions, different buildings and different ventilation system is different from each other.
Acetylation of Pomelo Peel for the Production of Oil Materials
Authors: Zou Jun Chen , Liu Xiao Yan , Chai Wen Bo , Zhang Xin Ying , Liu Yu Sen
Published: June 2014

Pomelo peel was esterified with acetic anhydride using 4-dimethyl-amino pyridine as a catalyst under reaction temperature of 60 °C and duration of 3 h. At 0.1 g 4-dimethyl-amino pyridine of the catalyst in 80 ml acetic anhydride, the highest sorption values of 14.95 g/g diesel and 18.39 g/g lubricating oil were achieved, which was found to be much higher than raw pomelo peel. FTIR and SEM studies produced evidence for acetylation. The sorption kinetics and reusability were studied. The kinetic studies show good correlation coefficients for a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This work demonstrated that pomelo peel modified by acetic anhydride is an efficient and environment-friendly biosorbent for the removal of spilled oil.
Effect of Paper Mill Sludge on Adsorption and Desorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Paddy Soils
Authors: Liu Yan , Peng Pei Qin , Zhu Xiao Long , Ding Xian Qing
Published: June 2014

There are high organic matter and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in paper mill sludge, which can be used efficiently to amend soil properties and promote the growth of crops. The batch method was used to investigate effects of paper sludge on adsorption and desorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II) in two types paddy soil (red soil, purple soil), through adding paper sludge to red soil and purple soil. The results showed that isothermal sorption process of Cd (II) and Pb (II) by soils and paper sludge could be well described by Langmuir equation and Freundlich equation, and all coefficients (r) were higher than 0.9. The purple soil had a higher sorption capacity of Cd (II) and Pb (II) than red soil. The sorption capacities of Cd (II) and Pb (II) in soils increased after added paper sludge, and they reached adsorption equilibrium as the percentages of paper sludge were 10%, 1% in red soil and purple soil, respectively. The desorption capacities of Cd (II) and Pb (II) in soils decreased after added paper sludge, and they reached minimum as the percentages of paper sludge were 5%, 2% in red soil and purple soil, respectively. It was better to immobilize Cd (II) and Pb (II) after added paper sludge, thus paper mill sludge can relieve the migration of heavy metals in soil-crop systems. It can provide a new way for safe using of heavy metal contaminated soil and resource utilization of paper sludge.
Research Progress on the Electric Coagulation of Fine Dust
Authors: Ma Ruo Bai , Wang Kai Quan , Bi Hai Pu
Published: June 2014

Fine dust in the atmosphere is one of the key factors causing air pollution as well as fog and haze. Due to the limited efficiency of fine dust collection in conventional dust removal technology, pre-charged dust coagulation between particles to increase the effective collecting diameter, is an effective way to improve the dust collection efficiency. Currently, coagulation technology research falls into three mainly aspects: electric coagulation technology in constant electric field, alternating electric field and pulsed electric fields. The advantages and disadvantages as well as the research status and trends are fully analyzed in this paper, of which the technology that uses alternating or pulsed power supply for pre-charge device has more advantages and efficiency in coagulation. They will improve the efficiency of electric coagulation in further on the improved airflow pole with form and structure and the technical development of alternating or pulsed powers, which will make the coagulation and filtration technologies and new composite technology an important development direction of fine dust governance.
Association between Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption Structure in Hebei Province
Authors: Zhao Chun Hua , Wang Yu E , He Dong Sheng
Published: June 2014

Based on the results of SSM, regional natural endowment conditions, the stage of economic development and the industrial structure evolution determine the energy consumption structure, while the changes in total energy consumption determine the changes in amount of carbon emissions. Under the premise of the total energy consumption is determined, the optimization of energy consumption structure will reduce the carbon intensity (emissions per unit of GDP), that is to achieve low-input, low-emission energy, high output, which is the essence of the low carbon economic development model. Hebei Energy consumption is heavily dependent on coal; however, coal utilization efficiency is low and unit energy carbon emissions are huge, therefore, energy structure dominated by carbon-based energy is a long-term constraint of the development of low carbon economy. Energy consumption structure is composed of regional natural endowments, the stage of economic development and industrial structure, and it is difficult to change in the short term.
Characteristics of Bioleaching Copper Remainders of Waste Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Xu Zheng , Yang Tao , Yang Li Mei , Hu Yi Han Na
Published: June 2014

Printed circuit boards are part of computer and their compositions are quite varied, containing polymers, ceramics and metals. Bioleaching copper from the printed circuit boards (PCB) by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. f.) had been proved to be feasible in our recent work. The characteristics of the remainders of copper were carefully observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). It is found that the leaching pits were common on the surface of the leached copper and some crystal substances were also found on the surface. The EDS analysis was used to determine the elements of different area. The leaching pits area was consisted of copper and the crystal area was consisted of copper and oxygen. The surface shape of bioleached copper was compared with acid leaching copper and Fe3+ leaching copper. Different leaching method can get different morphology due to the different leaching mechanisms. The results can help us to understand the mechanism of the copper bioleaching by microorganism.
Chemical Demulsification-Ultrasonic Recycle Oil from Oil-Based Drilling Fluid Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhu Mi Jia , Liu Hai Jun , Yao Jun , Luo Qing Hua
Published: June 2014

The abandoned oil-based drilling fluid is a kind of water-in-oil system with high oil content, which has a significant recovery value. The effects of demulsifier dosage, heating temperature, ultrasonic time and centrifuge speed on the oil recycle were investigated in the chemical demulsification-ultrasonic treatment of oil-based drilling fluid. From the results of the experiment, BSF-L62 was a suitable reagent with the highest oil removal rate among the selected demulsifiers. The main influencing factors were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The oil removal rate was up to 76.9% under the optimal conditions of demulsifier dosage of 250 mg/L, heating temperature of 70 °C, ultrasonic time of 12.5 min and centrifuge speed of 7000 r/min.
Study of Advanced Oxidation Technology on Post Treatment Wastewater of Pulp & Paper Mills
Authors: Liu Ting Zhi , Li Shuai , Chang Fang , Wang Hao Yu
Published: June 2014

In this article, Fenton oxidation treatment technology was employed to the improving of quality of post treated wastewater from pulp & paper mills in order to increase the recycling ratio of final treated wastewater. The reaction conditions were optimized through single-factor experiments and the removal of color were tested for the optimizing. It was found in this study that the color of Fenton oxidation treated water was variegated with the extending of settling time. The optimized conditions were: Dosage of H2O2 was 682.1mg/L(30% m/m), 1.5 times theoretical consumption, 205mg/L FeSO47H2O (H2O2:FeSO4=15:1), the initial pH and the reaction time were 4.5 and 40min, respectively. The removal of the color and COD were 51.3% and 80% after Fenton treatment. GC-MS analysis shown that the contents of organic extracts and most of organic compounds reduced significantly after the oxidational treatment.
Advances in the Research of Methanotroph in Wetland
Authors: Liu Jian Li , Zhao Ji , Wu Lin Hui
Published: June 2014

Methanotroph uses methane as a sole carbon and energy source, plays an important role in the balance of atmospheric methane and also has potential values in environmental management. Based on the taxonomy of methanotroph, a preliminary conclusion could be drawn on the mechanism of methane oxidation, its distribution in ecosystems, and influencing factors to study methanotroph, as well as the application of methanotroph in environmental management.In this paper we also analysis the current existing problems of methanotroph in the research of wetland soil, and pointed out the strengthened aspects of research for the future work in this field.
An Overview on Rural Domestic Waste Pollution and Treatment Technologies in China
Authors: Hu Xiao Feng
Published: June 2014

With the improvement of people's living standards in China, rural solid waste emissions increase sharply. In rural areas where most people live, domestic waste mainly deposited in the open air as one of the most important culprit of rural ecological pollution. Domestic waste is piled up randomly in rural area of China, which enter into river and lake and float on the water, and expand the pollution area. According to data research, The composition of rural domestic waste is mainly kitchen waste, waste plastics, waste paper, broken glass, broken pottery, waste fiber, used batteries and other articles for daily use and other things. There are some differences in component between different areas, while kitchen waste still takes a relatively large proportion. Thus organic matters are one of the most important components of domestic waste, which needs to be considered in devising treatment technology. Landfill, compositing and incineration is three basic methods to treat solid waste. Some featured technology such as biomass gasification, worm composting and anaerobic fermentation is developed to treat rural domestic waste considering its specialties. The treatment of rural solid waste of China is faced with many difficulties like environmental consciousness deficiency. Some technology corresponding to the reality of China needs to be developed and popularized . For the rich organic matters in rural domestic waste and specialties of rural economic situation, technologies need to concentrate on recycling biogas and fertilizers..
Comparison of Leaching Processes of Gold and Copper from Printed Circuit Boards of Waste Mobile Phone
Authors: Yin Jian Feng , Zhan Si Hui , Xu He
Published: June 2014

Waste mobile phone has become the largest number of electronic waste, and recycling of metals from mobile phone would ensure resource recycling and reduce environmental degradation. Based on the contents of metals analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES), containing copper and precious metals such as gold, the paper compared the extraction processes of gold, copper from waste mobile phone printed circuit board (PCB). In this study, two processes, nitric acid and thiourea (NT), sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide and iodine (SAHPI) were used to leach copper and gold, respectively. The recovery rate of copper was found to be 96.42%, and 94.3% of the gold was leached in the former process. Similar trends were obtained for the leaching of copper and gold in the latter process, but it was lower that about 95.27% of copper was recycled, while 93.4% of gold were leached. Both the two processes were nontoxic and non-cyanide system. However, thiourea is not stable and easy to decompose in alkaline solution, and the technology has disadvantage of instability. Iodine leaching on the other hand is comparatively a environmental process. Therefore, the optimal choice is the combined process of SAHPI method, while further research is required to develop cost effective and environmentally friendly processes.
Mechanism and Kinetics Study of Sintering Process for Alumina Recovery from Fly Ash
Authors: Xiao Yong Feng , Wang Bao Dong , Liu Xiao Ting , Wang Xiao Huan , Zhao Li Jun , Yu Geng Zhi , Sun Qi
Published: June 2014

In this paper, the de-silicated fly ash (DSFA) was sintered with soda and calcium oxide. Detailed analysis and characterization was carried out by using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two dominant reactions take place in the sintering process. The kinetics was studied by using Jander mode, and the sintering activation energies were determined based on the weight loss of CO2.
Research Progress of Disposal Technology for Hyperaccumulator
Authors: Xu Yong , Wang Xue Feng , Zhou Ting , You Li Juan , Wang Ning , Guo Hui
Published: June 2014

Phytoextraction of heavy metal polluted environment generates large quantities of hyperaccumulators. How to safely dispose hyperaccumulators has been one of the most important issues in the phytoextraction field. In recent years, disposal technologies for hyperaccumulators have been extensively studied with aim at reduction, recycle and harmless treatment. This paper reviewed the progress in disposal technologies for hyperaccumulators, such as Incineration, composting, burial method and so on. Focused on summaring the disposal technology for arsenic-containing hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L.. Also pointed out the problems of the current disposal of hyperaccumulator and the possible research direction we should pay attention to in the future, hoping to provide insight into developing harmless disposal or resource-reuse-oriented methods for disposal of the plants used for large scale phytoremediation application．
Response Surface Optimization of Adsorption Conditions of Neutral Red Wastewater by Brewer's Grains
Authors: Jiang Xin Long , Jiang Yi Hua , Cai Cheng Gang
Published: June 2014

Abstract: Surface response optimization of adsorption conditions of neutral red wastewater by brewer's grains with the factors of pH value, initial concentration,adsorption temperature, adsorption time, adsorbent quantity and the response of adsorption rate were studied. The optimal parameters for adsorption conditions were of adsorbent concentration of 191.24 mg·L-1, adsorbent particle size of 60~80 mesh,pH 4.65, adsorbent amount of 2.56 g·L-1, adsorption time and temperature of 1.92 h and 30°C, respectively. The maximal absorption rate got 99.16%.The brewer's grains is a promising, cheap, efficient, new biological materials of adsorption for neutral red in wastewater.
The Optimal Conditions on Excess Sludge Hydrolysis and Reduction Using Multi-Enzyme
Authors: Guo Liang , Lu Ming Min , Zong Yan
Published: June 2014

A large quantity of excess sludge is produced during the sewage treatment process, which will cause serious environmental problem without being treated properly. In this paper, a new multi-enzyme was added in the excess sludge to enhance the sludge hydrolysis and reduction, and the treatment conditions of hydrolysis time, dosage, hydrolysis temperature with multi-enzymes was optimized in this study. The multi-enzymes could promote the solubilization of suspended sludge solids and the degradation of macromolecular organic matter. The effect of excess sludge digestion was enhanced significantly at the condition of 30 °C, 1.5 mL multi-enzyme after 5 h hydrolysis for per 100 mL excess sludge. And the optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined by detecting the concentration of carbohydrate, soluble protein, SCOD and sludge’s lysis rates, and the effect of sludge reduction was investigatied by the VSS solubility.
The Research of Construction Waste on the Road Base
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: June 2014

In order to develop construction waste recycling, prompt the protection green building, the application of construction waste in road base, designing the mixture ratio and researching the mechanical properties through experiment, the mix’s proportion meet requirements has been worked out, which reducing the cost of road materials significantly. It is both economical and environmental.
The Research of Zoology Restoration Project on Construction Waste Slag in Arid Region
Authors: Yang Bo
Published: June 2014

The construction of large-scale excavation and track tools brings vast waste slag which not only aggravates land erosion, but also causes a series of zoology problem. This article expands measures of zoology reparative project which provides useful signification for waste slag harness of construction project in arid region through analyses to waste slag status.
Community Based Environmental Risk Analysis for Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride
Authors: Zhao Ying Hui , Dong Yu Ying , Zou Xue Jun , Zhang Chun Hua , Cui Yu Bo
Published: June 2014

The negative effects of pharmaceuticals residues in aquatic environment to organisms have been attracted more and more attention in the public. In this paper, the effects of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride on community of aquatic organisms were analyzed. The acute toxicity values (EC50/LC50) for Chlorella vulgaris, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Daphnia magna and guppy were 20.61、63.27、135.15 and 365.00 mg/L respectively. The results showed that the higher chain level of organism could lead to stronger tolerance of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. Standardization Risk Quotient (SRQ) was proposed basing on the introduction of the normalization factor into risk models. SRQ can be directly applied to judge the risk levels for the exogenous pollutants into the environment without considering the effects of aquatic organisms from different food chains.
Application of SWAT Model in Assessing the Influence of Herbage Covering to Runoff Formation Process in Ma River Basin
Authors: Bui Anh Tuan , He Shi Hua , Vu Thi Thu Lan , Zhu Jian Jun
Published: June 2014

The SWAT model and GIS technique were applied to calculate the runoff in the Ma River basin, Vietnam. The study focused on assessing the influence of herbage coverage to runoff formation process. In this integration, GIS supplies SWAT input data included elevation, soil properties, land use and weather data and creates graphical user interface, while SWAT operates input data, delineates watershed, simulates different physical processes, displays output data as runoff. Based on the model testing and parameter calibrating, two scenarios of decreasing and increasing 30% of forest coverage are built to assess the impact to runoff changing. The results have important guiding significance for the planning, management and sustainable utilization of river basin water resources.
The Evolution of East Asian Summer Monsoon and Drought\Flood Distribution on Eastern China during the Last 539yr
Authors: Li Qian
Published: June 2014

Based on the East Asian summer monsoon index and drought/flood grades during 1470–2008, the coupling relationship between them was analyzed. The results show that the East Asian summer monsoon strength index existed over seven periods. There are 1470-1573, 1574-1771, 1574-1827, 1828-1867, 1867-1828, 1895-1921 and 1922-2008. And the East Asian summer monsoon is stronger in period of 1470-1573, 1772-1827, 1827-1894 and 1922-2008. When the East Asian summer monsoon is weaker, North China and South China are prone to partial drought and yangtze-huaihe River Basin is prone to partial flood. When the East Asian summer monsoon is stronger, North China and South China are prone to partial flood and yangtze-huaihe River Basin is prone to partial drought.
Application of Fractal Fuzzy Set Pair Analysis in Flood Classification
Authors: Xie Yun Xia , Zeng Shang Chun , Yuan Yu Quan , Hu Yan Fei
Published: June 2014

The mathematic theories of traditional flood classification methods are complicated and difficult to calculate. And it is difficult to determine the weights of evaluation index objectively. In this paper the idea of fractal dimension which reflects the target complexity as an index weight is put forward. At the same time paying attention to the fuzzy character of evaluation standard boundary value, the new flood classification method which based on fractal fuzzy set pair analysis is suggested. The suggested method is used in flood classification of the Tuwei River basin (a sub-basin of the Yellow River). The results show that the suggested method is objective, simple and effect, the result of classification is feasible.
Study on the Mechanism of Water Resources Cultural under the Perspective of Cross-Domain Consultation Management
Authors: Peng Xian Ze , Yuan Cai , Yu Qian
Published: June 2014

Along with the main rivers and lakes of China are polluted inordinately, water environment issues in China have been becomingincreasingly severe. The cross-domain water pollution contradictions cannot be well settled by the government-centered river and watercourse control, which means that,urgently, a new river and watercourse control mechanism needs to be established. With continuous changes of water management, in order to get along with water even more harmoniously, the mankind has formed the concept of water resource management through cross-domain consultation. Combining traditional, historical and social culturefactors, ancient and modern, this paper analyzes influences of the cross-domain consultation upon water culture, proposes detailed countermeasures of establishing the water culture featuring“harmoniousco-existence between mankind and water”by cross-domain consultation, so as to effectively settle contradictions triggered by water pollution amongdifferent administrative regions, and improve the efficiency ofwatercontrol.
Water Resource Analytical Method of the Coastal Tidal River Network with Sluice Gates
Authors: Zhang Jiong , Zhuang Jia , Ma Xing Hua
Published: June 2014

Regarding the characteristics of water intaking living example, unusual water supply calculation is performed.The water resource analysis methods of the coastal tidal river network with sluice gates are discussed.one and two dimensional coupled mathematical model is used to calculate design low flow and water level line in a tidal cycle of the channel. The design low water level of the channel is determined by correlation analysis. The channel segment between the sluice gates is treated as a reservoir, the storage is controlled and calculated by water level of the sluice gate in each moment.Available water supply is got by water use taking off.
Study on the Marine Environment Protection for the South China Sea
Authors: Chen Xiang Bo , Che Shan
Published: June 2014

Abstract. Marine environmental protection has become the responsibility for worldwide common people ,therefore , the public become the main force of marine environmental protection inescapably. In recent years, some countries neighboring the South China Sea have accelerated the development and utilization of the oceans , resulting in a deterioration of the marine environment. Meanwhile，there are some problems in China's marine environment protection，such as narrow range in public, the right to public participation is not clear, there is no security or guarantee for participants, and other issues involved in the program. In this paper, the author try to give his own opinions from the aspects of public participation system and improving planning of marine environmental protection on marine environmental protection.
Advance in Coupled Surface Water and Groundwater Models
Authors: Li Qiang , Zhang Qin , Tang Jia
Published: June 2014

This document explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready manuscript for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. The text area for your manuscript must be 17 cm wide and 25 cm high (6.7 and 9.8 inches, resp.). Do not place any text outside this area. Use good quality, white paper of approximately 21 x 29 cm or 8 x 11 inches (please do not change the document setting from A4 to letter). Your manuscript will be reduced by approximately 20% by the publisher. Please keep this in mind when designing your figures and tables etc.
Adsorption Characteristics of Polyvinyl Chloride Fiber in Purification of Groundwater
Authors: Sang Yi Min
Published: June 2014

The morphology, interspace of a novel nanofiber membrane are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The membrane, named M-1, is prepared from chloridized polyvinyl chloride by high-voltage electrospinning process. The removals of divalent metal cations including Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ from the simulated groundwater by M-1 have been investigated. From static adsorption experiments, maximum uptakes of Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and their adsorption equilibrium time have been obtained respectively in the simulated groundwater.
Determination of TOC, TP and TN in Water System of Beijing Urban Area
Authors: Liu Ya Ru , Liu Nan Hua , Nie Jin Mei , Cui Cheng Min , Wu Zheng , Wang Xiao Ning , Liu Zhen Dong
Published: June 2014

In this study, water samples were collected from water system of Beijing urban area and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) method and total organic carbon analyzer to determine the contents of TOC, TP and TN. The results revealed that among the 133 samples there were respectively 16.54%, 28.57% and 39.85% samples’ detected TOC, TP and TN higher than the permitted values. It was especially serious about the sewage outlet along the riverside.
Experimental Study on Sewage Treatment by Grid Flocculation Technology
Authors: Hu Feng Ping , Gao Chao , Zhu Pei , Tong Zhen Gong , Zhang Qi , Dai Hong Ling , Wang Lin Yuan
Published: June 2014

Using grid flocculation technology inspected the effect of treatment of sewage by the addition of coagulant PAC. After the device is stable, under the 40 mg/L of dosage and 17.1 min of flocculation time conditions, the removal of turbidity, COD, NH3-N and TP is 72%, 48%, 13.8% and 77%.
Application Research of WebGIS Technology in City Reclaimed Water Use Management
Authors: Guo Yu Mei , Liang Hong , Cun Rui Tao , Ma Yuan Yuan
Published: June 2014

Water shortage is the main problem faced by many of the world's major cities. Water recycling is the effective way to solve the problem of city water shortage. This paper introduces the design and development of an information platform aimed to manage city reclaimed water, and realized its visualization and digitalized management based on the fundamental reclaimed water data as well as WebGIS and spatial database technology. This paper expounds the structure, functions, and spatial database design of the platform. It also refers the key technologies in building the platform such as ArcGIS Server and Flex. Finally it shows part of the results.
Numerical Investigation of Water Supply Pipe Optimal Buried Depth in Severe Cold Region
Authors: Bai Li , Wang Yan , Liu Xiao Long
Published: June 2014

Frost heave often causes damage to rural water supply pipes in severe cold region, therefore, the anti-frost technology of shallow buried pipe with insulation layer was proposed in this article. Firstly, by analyzing the calculation of frost heave and measuring the ground temperature of the different depth, the optimal buried depth was founded preliminarily. Secondly, establishing the unsteady heat transfer model with the Matlab software, the ground temperature field were simulated when the pipe depth differs. Thus, the conclusion is that the optimal depth is 1.5m for the buried pipes with little atmospheric disturbance effect and the thaw circle is larger
Effects of High Salinity on the Removal of Pollutants in Wastewater by Aerobic Granular Sludge
Authors: Wang Xin Gang , Lin Bing , Tang Yu Bin , Chen Hai Feng
Published: June 2014

The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was used to remove pollutants (COD, NH3-N, TN and TP) in wastewater under different salinity in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The results show that: the salinity has a significant impact on the removal of COD and TN, and the removal rate declines to 60% and 56% respectively when the water salinity rises from 5g/L to15g/L. The NH3-N removal is not much affected by the salinity, and the average removal rate is 75%. TP removal rate changes little at low-salted environment (the salinity less than 10g/L), however, the rate declines heavily when the salinity gets more than 10g/L, 70% in 10g/L and 57% in 15g/L.
Treatment of Rural Domestic Sewage by Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant
Authors: Zheng Wei , Yang Yan Ming , Li Yun Long , Zheng Jian Qiu
Published: June 2014

The process technique and design parameters of project of Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant (short for SOESTP) which consists of anaerobic reactor, horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands(CWs) and the combination of solar power and ozone disinfection are described, the paper further examines the removal efficiency for treating rural domestic sewage, running expense and recycling ability of product water. The results show that the average percentage removal values of CODcr，BOD5，SS，TN，NH3-N，TP range from 95.6% to 98.0%, 96.0% to 98.7%, 93.1% to 96.1%, 97.0% to 98.9%, 96.9% to 99.5%, 98.2% to 99.6%, respectively, the reduction of fecal coliform (FC) reaches 99.9%, the effluent quality meets the first level A criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant（GB18918-2002）. The running cost of SOESTP is 0.063yuan/ m3, saves much more than traditional sewage treatment, and the ozone water obtained from the reservoir will be an ideal choice for disinfection .The system has characteristics of easy manipulation, low operating cost, achieving advanced water, energy conservation and environment protection, is thought to be very suitable for use as the promotion of rural small - scale sewage treatment.
Intelligent Irrigation Remote Control System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhang Yu Bin , Zhu Huo Mei
Published: June 2014

The paper presents an intelligent irrigation remote control system based on Internet of things to improve the calculation accuracy in water-saving irrigation. A set of fully functional website remote irrigation control system, SMS remote automatic irrigation control system, and the Android platform developed based on the mobile phone Java automatic irrigation remote control mobile client are designed, as well the precise irrigation water control machine and the remote control function are develop. It can realize the field of real-time information acquisition, monitoring, irrigation schemes, precise control machine remote monitoring and water at the scene of the greenhouse temperature and humidity regulating function through the browser, telephone, SMS, fetion and mobile phone client. Its practical application in the agricultural demonstration fields shows that this system is suitable for large acreage fields with its stability in running, convenience in operation and low cost in use.
Effects of Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Deposits Mining on the Hydrochemical Environment in Ore Districts and its Vicinity — Case Study of Longnan Rare Earth Mine, Jiangxi Provence, South China
Authors: Liu Si Wen , Liu Xiao Duan , Fan Xiao Lu , Yuan Xin
Published: June 2014

The ion-absorbed rare earth deposit occurred in the South of China is unique all over the world. Since the 1970s, rare earth in Longnan, South China has begun to be mined with leaching methods using oxalates and ammonium sulfate. Although this kind of methods is simple and economic, its presence in the environmental causes a growing environmental problems, especially changes in regional hydrochemical environment. In this paper typical ion-absorbed rare earth deposit——the Longnan rare earth mine, Jiangxi Provence, South China was selected as the study object, where the surface water and groundwater samples were collected. Analytic results show that the mining activities have affected the regional hydrochemical environment, which are expressed in the decreased pH（pH 3-4）, the enrichment of REE and heavy metal Pb in water with the maximum of 44760.1 μgL-1 and 1550 μgL-1 respectively, and the sulfate（214-1121 mgL-1）, ammonium（33.7-268 mgL-1） and nitrate ions（90-468 mgL-1） far beyond the background value. The impaction of the mining area surface hydrochemical environment is severest, then around the mining area, and the main rivers and groundwater in the study area have not been affected yet.
Effect of Water Vapor on NO Reduction by Iron in N2 Atmosphere
Authors: Zhou Hao , Su Ya Xin , Qi Yue Zhou , Lu Zhe Xing , Zhong Fang Chuan
Published: June 2014

The effect of water vapor on NO reduction by iron was experimentally investigated at 300-1100 °C in an electrically heated ceramic tubular flow reactor in N2 atmosphere. The component changes of iron samples after reaction were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that water vapor reacted as oxidizer and the metallic iron was oxidized by both NO and water vapor. Compared to the result without water, NO reduction efficiency decreased when water vapor was added. NO reduction efficiency reached 88.1%, 91.6%, 94.8% above 900 °C in the presence of 2.5%, 5%, 7% water vapor. NO reduction efficiency decreased as the water vapor increased at lower temperature, e.g., 700°C, while decreased slightly first then increased again at higher temperature, e.g., above 800°C. As water vapor increased, the iron was oxidized to Fe3O4/Fe2O3 and the surface of iron became more porous, which benefited the diffusion of NO and/or vapor into the inner of the iron to continue the reaction and resulted in the increased NO reduction. The mechanism was preliminarily analyzed.
Effects of Lanthaum on Active Oxygen Metaboism in Soybean
Authors: Zhao Tian Hong , Zhang Zhi Yong , Wang Yan , Cao Xiao Ke
Published: June 2014

With many natural and anthropogenic factors, rare earth (RE) compounds in the environment are increasing. It affects not only plant growth but also ecosystem. So an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of elevating rare earth element La concentration singly treatments [La-0(CK), La-50(50mg·L-1), La-100(100 mg·L-1) and La-150(150 mg·L-1)] on the changes of lipid peroxidation extent,ROS production rate,content and anti-oxidative enzymes activities in soybean (Glycine max) roots. The results showed that during the whole growth stage the elevated La concentration at 100mg·L-1 induced a decrease on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide anion (O2) production rate,hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, which were lower than the other treatments, however, an increase on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),peroxidase (POD),which were higher than the elevated La concentration at 50mg·L-1, 150mg·L-1 and CK. The results demonstrated that with the increase of La concentration, metabolism rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are restrained with the protective ability of anti-oxidative system strengthened. However, when the La concentration is higher than some concentration which is around 100 mg·L-1, the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes drop and reactive oxygen species accumulate, thus increasing membrane lipid peroxidation, which represents injured effects on soybean.