bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, crystal structures and optical properties of noncentrosymmetric oxysulfides AeGeS2O (Ae = Sr, Ba)
Authors: Zhang Xian , Xiao Yi , Wang Ruiqi , Fu Pengxiang , Zheng Chong , Huang Fuqiang
Published: September 2019

Two new noncentrosymmetric oxysulfides AeGeS2O (Ae = Sr, Ba) were synthesized whose crystal structures feature unique 1∞[GeS2O]2− helical chains.
Synthesis of an MOF-based Hg2+-fluorescent probe via stepwise post-synthetic modification in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion and its application in bioimaging
Authors: Li Wen-Yan , Yang Song , Li Yan-An , Li Qian-Ying , Guan Qun , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: September 2019

A new MOF-based Hg2+ fluorescent sensor, UiO-68-R6G, was prepared via successive single-crystal-to-single-crystal post-synthetic modification; this sensor could detect Hg2+ both in vitro and in vivo with high sensitivity and selectivity.
Complexation of UO2(CO3)34−with Mg2+at varying temperatures and its effect on U(vi) speciation in groundwater and seawater
Authors: Jo Yongheum , Kim Hee-Kyung , Yun Jong-Il
Published: September 2019

The ternary alkaline earth metal uranyl tricarbonate complexes, MnUO2(CO3)32n−4(M = Mg and Ca), have been considered to be the major U(vi) species contributing to uranium mobility in natural water.
Quantitative microbial risk assessments for drinking water facilities: evaluation of a range of treatment strategies
Authors: Elliott Joshua G. , Taylor-Edmonds Liz , Andrews Robert C.
Published: September 2019

Impact of treatment on pathogen risk.
Photoactive organic material discovery with combinatorial supramolecular assembly
Authors: Levine Andrew M. , Biswas Sankarsan , Braunschweig Adam B.
Published: September 2019

Organic semiconductors have received substantial attention as active components in optoelectronic devices because of their processability and customizable properties.
Electron microdiffraction reveals the nanoscale twist geometry of cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Ogawa Yu
Published: September 2019

Electron microdiffraction revealed the nanoscale twist geometries of cellulose nanocrystals under both cryogenic and dry conditions.
Tuning graphene transistors through ad hoc electrostatics induced by a nanometer-thick molecular underlayer
Authors: Mahmood Ather , Yang Cheol-Soo , Jang Seunghun , Routaboul Lucie , Chang Hyunju , Ghisolfi Alessio , Braunstein Pierre , Bernard Laetitia , Verduci Tindara , Dayen Jean-François , Samorì Paolo , Lee Jeong-O. , Doudin Bernard
Published: September 2019

A graphene transistor can reveal the ordering of dipolar molecules forming a nm-thick underlayer, stabilized under an electric field at low temperatures.
Promoting photoluminescence quantum yields of glass-stabilized CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots through fluorine doping
Authors: Chen Daqin , Liu Yue , Yang Changbin , Zhong Jiasong , Zhou Su , Chen Jiangkun , Huang Hai
Published: September 2019

Highly luminescent glass-stabilized CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite QDs are fabricated via an in situ glass crystallization strategy and fluorine doping.
Facile synthesis of stable selenocystine peptides and their solution state NMR studies
Authors: Gokula Ram P. , Patel Kirti , Maurya Shakti K. , Singh Harkesh B.
Published: September 2019

A facile general route for the synthesis of various selenocystine tripeptides containing acidic, basic and neutral side chain amino acids is reported.
Arm-degradable star polymers with crosslinked ladder-motif cores as a route to soluble microporous nanoparticles
Authors: Teo Yew Chin , Lai Holden W. H. , Xia Yan
Published: September 2019

Star polymers were synthesized via cores crosslinking of (macro)molecular ladder motifs and converted to microporous polymer particles after arm degradation.
Achieving current rectification ratios ≥ 105 across thin films of coordination polymer
Authors: Prasoon Anupam , Dhara Barun , Roy Debashree , Rana Shammi , Bhand Sujit , Ballav Nirmalya
Published: September 2019

A record value of the current rectification ratio (RR ≥ 105) across molecularly doped thin films of a Cu(ii)-coordination polymer is achieved.
Magnetic responsive brushes under flow in strongly confined slits: external field control of brush structure and flowing particle mixture separation
Authors: Cerdà Joan J. , Bona-Casas Carles , Cerrato Antonio , Novak Ekaterina V. , Pyanzina Elena S. , Sánchez Pedro A. , Kantorovich Sofia , Sintes Tomàs
Published: September 2019

Magnetic brushes under flow conditions and confined inside narrow slits have been studied using Langevin dynamics simulations. These systems have been observed to be externally controllable and potentially useful for particle-separation purposes.
Inverted planar perovskite solar cells based on CsI-doped PEDOT:PSS with efficiency beyond 20% and small energy loss
Authors: Jiang Kui , Wu Fei , Zhang Guangye , Chow Philip C. Y. , Ma Chao , Li Shufang , Wong Kam Sing , Zhu Linna , Yan He
Published: September 2019

An interfacial engineering strategy is successfully developed with a maximum PCE of 20.22%, a high VOC of 1.084 V and a relatively low non-radiative recombination loss in inverted planar perovskite solar cells.
Porcine deltacoronavirus causes diarrhea in various ages of field-infected pigs in China
Authors: Li Bingxiao , Zheng Lanlan , Li Haiyan , Ding Qingwen , Wang Yabin , Wei Zhanyong
Published: September 2019

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea in suckling piglets. In Henan province of China, three swine farms broke out diarrhea in different ages of pigs during June of 2017, March of 2018 and January of 2019, respectively. PCR method, Taqman real-time RT-PCR method, sequencing, histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted with the collected samples, and the results showed that PDCoV was detected among the suckling piglets, commercial fattening pigs and sows with diarrhea. PDCoV-infected suckling piglets were characterized with thin and transparent intestinal walls from colon to caecum, spot hemorrhage at mesentery and intestinal bleeding. PDCoV RNA was detected in multiple organs and tissues by Taqman real-time RT-PCR, which had high copies in ileum, inguinal lymph node, rectum and spleen. PDCoV antigen was detected in the basal layer of jejunum and ileum by IHC. In this research, we found that PDCoV could infect various ages of farmed pigs with watery diarrhea and anorexia in different seasons in a year.
Lysyl oxidases: from enzyme activity to extracellular matrix cross-links
Authors: Vallet Sylvain D. , Ricard-Blum Sylvie
Published: September 2019

The lysyl oxidase family comprises five members in mammals, lysyl oxidase (LOX) and four lysyl oxidase like proteins (LOXL1-4). They are copper amine oxidases with a highly conserved catalytic domain, a lysine tyrosylquinone cofactor, and a conserved copper-binding site. They catalyze the first step of the covalent cross-linking of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins collagens and elastin, which contribute to ECM stiffness and mechanical properties. The role of LOX and LOXL2 in fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, including changes in their expression level and their regulation of cell signaling pathways, have been extensively reviewed, and both enzymes have been identified as therapeutic targets. We review here the molecular features and three-dimensional structure/models of LOX and LOXLs, their role in ECM cross-linking, and the regulation of their cross-linking activity by ECM proteins, proteoglycans, and by inhibitors. We also make an overview of the major ECM cross-links, because they are the ultimate molecular readouts of LOX/LOXL activity in tissues. The recent 3D model of LOX, which recapitulates its known structural and biochemical features, will be useful to decipher the molecular mechanisms of LOX interaction with its various substrates, and to design substrate-specific inhibitors, which are potential antifibrotic and antitumor drugs.
Communicative Use of Triadic Eye Gaze in Children With Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Other Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Hahn Laura J. , Brady Nancy C. , Versaci Theresa
Published: September 2019

Purpose

This study examines differences in the communicative use of triadic eye gaze (TEG) during a communicative interaction in 2 neurodevelopmental disorders: Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and a 3rd group of varying disabilities associated with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). Also, the relationship between TEG use and language abilities was explored.

Method

Participants were 45 children, 15 in each group. The frequency of TEG was coded during a scripted communication assessment when children were between 3 and 6 years of age (37–73 months). Receptive and expressive language was measured using raw scores from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning concurrently between 3 and 6 years and again 2 years later when children were between 5 and 8 years (59–92 months).

Results

Descriptively, children with DS had a higher frequency of TEG than children with ASD and IDD, but significant differences were only observed between children with DS and ASD. More TEG at Time 1 in children with DS was associated with higher receptive language at Time 1 and higher expressive language at Time 2. For children with ASD, a trend for a positive association between TEG at Time 1 and language abilities at Time 2 was observed. No significant associations were observed for children with IDD.

Conclusion

Children with DS used TEG significantly more than children with ASD in this sample. Identifying strengths and weaknesses in TEG use is important because providing caregiver training to facilitate TEG can result in increased opportunities to respond with language models and promote language development.
Comparative Effects of High-Tech Visual Scene Displays and Low-Tech Isolated Picture Symbols on Engagement From Students With Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Holyfield Christine , Brooks Sydney , Schluterman Allison
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an intervention approach that can promote communication and language in children with multiple disabilities who are beginning communicators. While a wide range of AAC technologies are available, little is known about the comparative effects of specific technology options. Given that engagement can be low for beginning communicators with multiple disabilities, the current study provides initial information about the comparative effects of 2 AAC technology options—high-tech visual scene displays (VSDs) and low-tech isolated picture symbols—on engagement.

Method

Three elementary-age beginning communicators with multiple disabilities participated. The study used a single-subject, alternating treatment design with each technology serving as a condition. Participants interacted with their school speech-language pathologists using each of the 2 technologies across 5 sessions in a block randomized order.

Results

According to visual analysis and nonoverlap of all pairs calculations, all 3 participants demonstrated more engagement with the high-tech VSDs than the low-tech isolated picture symbols as measured by their seconds of gaze toward each technology option. Despite the difference in engagement observed, there was no clear difference across the 2 conditions in engagement toward the communication partner or use of the AAC.

Conclusions

Clinicians can consider measuring engagement when evaluating AAC technology options for children with multiple disabilities and should consider evaluating high-tech VSDs as 1 technology option for them. Future research must explore the extent to which differences in engagement to particular AAC technologies result in differences in communication and language learning over time as might be expected.
Offset free data driven control: application to a process control trainer
Authors: Salvador Jose R. , Rodriguez Ramirez Daniel , Alamo Teodoro , Muñoz de la Peña David
Published: September 2019

This work presents a data driven control strategy able to track a set point without steady‐state error. The control sequence is computed as an affine combination of past control signals, which belong to a set of trajectories stored in a process historian database. This affine combination is computed so that the variance of the tracking error is minimised. It is shown that offset free control, that is zero mean tracking error, is achieved under the assumption that the state is measurable, the underlying dynamics are linear and the trajectories of the database share the same error dynamics and are in turn offset free. The proposed strategy learns the underlying controller stored in the database while maintaining its offset free tracking capability in spite of differences in the reference, disturbances and operating conditions. No training phase is required and newly obtained process data can be easily taken into account. The proposed strategy, related to direct weight optimisation learning techniques, is tested on a process control trainer.
Widely linear least mean kurtosis‐based frequency estimation of three‐phase power system
Authors: Nefabas Gebeyehu L. , Zhao Haiquan , Xia Yili
Published: September 2019

We propose a widely linear (augmented) least mean kurtosis (WL‐LMK) algorithm for robust frequency estimation of three‐phase power system. The negated kurtosis‐based algorithms are most celebrated for their computational efficiency and strong robustness against wide range of noise signals which can overcome the inherent performance degradation faced by the well‐known minimum mean square error‐based algorithms in noisy environments. The proposed widely linear LMK estimation technique utilises all second‐order statistical information in the complex domain for processing of non‐circular complex‐valued signals. The three‐phase power system signal, modelled through Clarke's αβ transformation, is circular for balanced and non‐circular for unbalanced systems, based on which, the proposed WL‐LMK algorithm is able to achieve improved frequency estimation under unbalanced and other abnormal system conditions. Its estimation performance is evaluated for several cases that encounter in the day‐to‐day operation of power system. It is observed from simulation studies of synthetic and real‐world power system data that the proposed WL‐LMK algorithm exhibits superior estimation performance as compared to the standard linear complex LMK (CLMK) and the widely linear least mean square (WL‐LMS) algorithms.
MCDM approach for the integrated assessment of vulnerability and reliability of power systems
Authors: Abedi Amin , Beyza Jesus , Romerio Franco , Dominguez‐Navarro Jose A. , Yusta Jose M.
Published: September 2019

Fault analysis of modern power systems cannot be only addressed on classical reliability techniques but also considering the impact of cascading failures. This study proposes an original integrated approach for the risk management of a power system subject to random contingencies by using vulnerability and reliability quantitative measures. Five different systems based on the IEEE‐RTS have been studied from the vulnerability and reliability perspectives. According to the calculation carried out and the multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) method applied to better consider the integration of both concepts, the vulnerability and reliability perspectives are complementary viewpoints that can help to design a more robust critical infrastructure.
Distance relaying algorithm for phasor measurement unit assisted zone‐3 relays of series compensated wind integrated system
Authors: Prakash Tapan , Mohanty Soumya R. , Pratap Singh Vinay
Published: September 2019

The signals of wind integrated system are contaminated with inter‐harmonic components which may result in erroneous calculations of apparent impedance seen by the distance relays. Therefore, it is indispensable to filter these signals before being used by relays. Presently, the measurements obtained from phasor measurement units (PMUs) are effectively used by distance relays for zone‐3 protection. However, PMUs use discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm to compute phasors which may produce incorrect results in presence of inter‐harmonics. To overcome this issue, a matrix pencil method is proposed as a pre‐processing filtering technique for PMU assisted distance relays. The analog input signals to PMUs are filtered by the matrix pencil algorithm to eliminate inter‐harmonics present in the signals and the phasors are computed using DFT algorithm. These phasors are utilized by zone‐3 distance relays to estimate the impedance trajectories. To test the effectiveness of proposed distance relaying algorithm, IEEE 14‐bus system with a series compensated line is integrated with wind energy and is simulated under diverse test cases of different operating conditions. The impacts of fault resistances, type of faults and fault inception angles on the performance of proposed technique are examined and the results are compared with different signal processing techniques.
Simultaneous reactive power sharing and voltage regulation in an autonomous networked microgrid
Authors: Eskandari Mohsen , Li Li , Moradi Mohammad H. , Siano Pierluigi , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: September 2019

Decentralised droop‐like control method is the most favourable control system for power converter‐based microgrids (MGs). In conventional V–Q droop loops, reactive power sharing is used as a means of voltage regulation to prevent currents from circulating among distributed generation units. However, since the voltage is not a global variable, reactive power sharing is not implemented precisely, and thus converters may be exposed to overcurrent conditions and the stability of the MGs is put at risk. Besides, the droop‐like reactive power sharing causes voltage deviations and power quality issues. This study proposes a novel control method which is able to implement accurate reactive power sharing and voltage regulation to its nominal band in a networked MG. Both the control targets are achieved, fast and simultaneously, by only one control signal. So the requirement of a secondary controller for voltage restoration is obviated. A novel power flow‐based method is proposed to estimate the voltage at the MG main bus, which is adopted as a common variable, thus making the proposed method decentralised. The presented method is fast, effective and applicable to networked MGs with arbitrary topology. Simulation results prove the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method over existing methods.
Co‐optimising distribution network adequacy and security by simultaneous utilisation of network reconfiguration and distributed energy resources
Authors: Ahmadi Seyed‐Alireza , Vahidinasab Vahid , Ghazizadeh Mohammad Sadegh , Mehran Kamyar , Giaouris Damian , Taylor Phil
Published: September 2019

With the evolution of smart grids, penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in the distribution networks has become ever‐increasing problem. To improve network reliability, the complexity of the two important aspects of adequacy and security must be well assessed. There is a trade‐off between adequacy of DERs, and the distribution network security, i.e. improving the adequacy can reduce the security. In this study, enhancement of the distribution network adequacy and security is proposed. In this regard, capacity of simultaneous reconfiguration and DERs sizing are utilised to improve the adequacy and security of an active distribution network. In the reconfiguration process, graph theory concept is adopted to implement a fast reconfiguration method. Since DERs are active, a combined bus and line security index is used to overcome security concerns of their existence. The IEEE 33‐bus distribution network as a widely used standard test system in reconfiguration studies, and a practical 83‐bus distribution network of Taiwan Power Company (TPC) which is a part of a real distribution network, are used to test the performance of the proposed method. The simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework.
K‐band low‐power dual‐hybrid‐coupling quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator
Authors: Weng Ro‐Min , Huang Ren‐Yuan , Chiang Yao‐Chang
Published: September 2019

A low‐power and low phase noise quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator (QVCO) is presented for short range radar systems here. A dual‐hybrid coupling (DHC) technique is adopted to increase the output voltage swing. The second harmonic filters are applied to eliminate the phase noise as well as to suppress the phase error. The proposed DHC‐QVCO was implemented with a low cost standard 0.18 μm complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) process technology. The oscillation frequency is operated between 19.8 and 21.5 GHz. The tuning range is 8.5%. The phase noise achieves −100.1 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a carrier frequency of 20.6 GHz. The phase error and gain error are 4.29° and 3.2 dBm, respectively. The core circuit consumes only 5.15 mW from a power supply of 1.5 V. The designed DHC‐QVCO has demonstrated the advantages of low‐power, low phase noise, and wide tuning range for K‐band applications.
Voltage source control of offshore all‐DC wind farm
Authors: Yang Renxin , Shi Gang , Cai Xu , Zhang Xiaoping
Published: September 2019

The offshore all‐DC wind farm with increasing capacity will bring problems such as the weakening of grid frequency stability and the increase of equivalent grid impedance. To overcome this, a coordinated control strategy for the offshore all‐DC wind farm is proposed here with two salient features: better performance under weak grid condition and real‐time frequency support from the wind farm. The control strategy consists of three parts: the inertia synchronising control of the receiving‐end converter, the constant ratio control of the DC transformer and the frequency response of the wind farm. With the proposed strategy, the all‐DC wind farm operates like a synchronous generator to the onshore grid, which provides fast frequency support when the onshore grid frequency changes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in power systems computer aided design (PSCAD)/electromagnetic transients including DC (EMTDC) using a typical IEEE 9 bus system.
Voltage quality and load sharing improvement in islanded microgrids using distributed hierarchical control
Authors: Ghanizdeh Reza , Gharehpetian Gevork B.
Published: September 2019

In this study, to compensate voltage unbalance and harmonics and improve load sharing, a distributed hierarchical control scheme is proposed for islanded microgrids. In the proposed scheme, a method is proposed, which can improve the voltage quality of sensitive load bus by determining the amount of effort made by each distributed generation (DG) and taking their rated power constraints into account for compensation. Moreover, this method is capable of improving the load sharing among DG units adaptively using circulating currents rule. Compared to the previous proposed methods, the method proposed in this study does not need a central controller, and communication is only needed between adjacent DG units. Furthermore, in this scheme, the contribution of each DG unit in compensation will be in proportion to its rated power, and none of them will be overloaded. Also, to compensate the error of load current sharing components, there is no need to have any information about impedance of DGs feeders and load type. To show the efficiency of the proposed scheme, simulation studies are performed on a typical islanded microgrid in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Proper motion in lensed radio jets at redshift 3: A possible dual super-massive black hole system in the early Universe
Authors: Spingola C. , McKean J. P. , Massari D. , Koopmans L. V. E.
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we exploit the gravitational lensing effect to detect proper motion in the highly magnified gravitationally lensed source MG B2016+112. We find positional shifts up to 6 mas in the lensed images by comparing two Very Long Baseline Interferometric (VLBI) radio observations at 1.7 GHz that are separated by 14.359 years, and provide an astrometric accuracy of the order of tens of μas. From lens modelling, we exclude a shift in the lensing galaxy as the cause of the positional change of the lensed images, and we assign it to the background source. The source consists of four sub-components separated by ∼175 pc, with proper motion of the order of tens μas yr−1 for the two components at highest magnification (μ ∼ 350) and of the order of a few mas yr−1 for the two components at lower magnification (μ ∼ 2). We propose single active galactic nuclei (AGN) and dual AGN scenarios to explain the source plane. Although, the latter interpretation is supported by the archival multi-wavelength properties of the object. In this case, MG B2016+112 would represent the highest redshift dual radio-loud AGN system discovered thus far, and would support the merger interpretation for such systems. Also, given the low probability (∼10−5) of detecting a dual AGN system that is also gravitationally lensed, if confirmed, this would suggest that such dual AGN systems must be more abundant in the early Universe than currently thought.
Transient processing and analysis using AMPEL: alert management, photometry, and evaluation of light curves
Authors: Nordin J. , Brinnel V. , van Santen J. , Bulla M. , Feindt U. , Franckowiak A. , Fremling C. , Gal-Yam A. , Giomi M. , Kowalski M. , Mahabal A. , Miranda N. , Rauch L. , Reusch S. , Rigault M. , Schulze S. , Sollerman J. , Stein R. , Yaron O. , van Velzen S. , Ward C.
Published: September 2019

Context.Both multi-messenger astronomy and new high-throughput wide-field surveys require flexible tools for the selection and analysis of astrophysical transients.

Aims.Here we introduce the alert management, photometry, and evaluation of light curves (AMPEL) system, an analysis framework designed for high-throughput surveys and suited for streamed data.AMPELcombines the functionality of an alert broker with a generic framework capable of hosting user-contributed code; it encourages provenance and keeps track of the varying information states that a transient displays. The latter concept includes information gathered over time and data policies such as access or calibration levels.

Methods.We describe a novel ongoing real-time multi-messenger analysis usingAMPELto combine IceCube neutrino data with the alert streams of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). We also reprocess the first four months of ZTF public alerts, and compare the yields of more than 200 different transient selection functions to quantify efficiencies for selecting Type Ia supernovae that were reported to the Transient Name Server (TNS).

Results.We highlight three channels suitable for (1) the collection of a complete sample of extragalactic transients, (2) immediate follow-up of nearby transients, and (3) follow-up campaigns targeting young, extragalactic transients. We confirm ZTF completeness in that all TNS supernovae positioned on active CCD regions were detected.

Conclusions.AMPELcan assist in filtering transients in real time, running alert reaction simulations, the reprocessing of full datasets as well as in the final scientific analysis of transient data. This is made possible by a novel way of capturing transient information through sequences of evolving states, and interfaces that allow new code to be natively applied to a full stream of alerts. This text also introduces a method by which users can design their own channels for inclusion in theAMPELlive instance that parses the ZTF stream and the real-time submission of high-quality extragalactic supernova candidates to the TNS.
Planet formation and migration near the silicate sublimation front in protoplanetary disks
Authors: Flock Mario , Turner Neal J. , Mulders Gijs D. , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Nelson Richard P. , Bitsch Bertram
Published: September 2019

Context. The increasing number of newly detected exoplanets at short orbital periods raises questions about their formation and migration histories. Planet formation and migration depend heavily on the structure and dynamics of protoplanetary disks. A particular puzzle that requires explanation arises from one of the key results of the Kepler mission, namely the increase in the planetary occurrence rate with orbital period up to 10 days for F, G, K and M stars.

Aims. We investigate the conditions for planet formation and migration near the dust sublimation front in protostellar disks around young Sun-like stars. We are especially interested in determining the positions where the drift of pebbles would be stopped, and where the migration of Earth-like planets and super-Earths would be halted.

Methods. For this analysis we use iterative 2D radiation hydrostatic disk models which include irradiation by the star, and dust sublimation and deposition depending on the local temperature and vapor pressure.

Results. Our results show the temperature and density structure of a gas and dust disk around a young Sun-like star. We perform a parameter study by varying the magnetized turbulence onset temperature, the accretion stress, the dust mass fraction, and the mass accretion rate. Our models feature a gas-only inner disk, a silicate sublimation front and dust rim starting at around 0.08 au, an ionization transition zone with a corresponding density jump, and a pressure maximum which acts as a pebble trap at around 0.12 au. Migration torque maps show Earth- and super-Earth-mass planets halt in our model disks at orbital periods ranging from 10 to 22 days.

Conclusions. Such periods are in good agreement with both the inferred location of the innermost planets in multiplanetary systems, and the break in planet occurrence rates from the Kepler sample at 10 days. In particular, models with small grains depleted produce a trap located at a 10-day orbital period, while models with a higher abundance of small grains present a trap at around a 17-day orbital period. The snow line lies at 1.6 au, near where the occurrence rate of the giant planets peaks. We conclude that the dust sublimation zone is crucial for forming close-in planets, especially when considering tightly packed super-Earth systems.
1:1 orbital resonance of circumbinary planets
Authors: Penzlin Anna B. T. , Ataiee Sareh , Kley Wilhelm
Published: September 2019

The recent detection of the third planet in Kepler-47 has shown that binary stars can host several planets in circumbinary orbits. To understand the evolution of these systems we have performed two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the circumbinary disc with two embedded planets for several Kepler systems. In two cases, Kepler-47 and -413, the planets are captured in a 1:1 mean-motion resonance at the planet “parking position” near the inner edge of the disc. The orbits are fully aligned and have mean eccentricities of about 0.25 to 0.30; the planets are entangled in a horseshoe-type motion. Subsequent n-body simulations without the disc show that the configurations are stable. Our results point to the existence of a new class of stable resonant orbits around binary stars. It remains to be seen if such orbits exist in reality.
Numerical approximation and fast evaluation of the overdamped generalized Langevin equation with fractional noise
Authors: Fang Di , Li Lei
Published: September 2019

The generalized Langevin equation (GLE) is a stochastic integro-differential equation that has been used to describe the movement of microparticles with sub-diffusion phenomenon. It has been proved that with fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) mostly considered by biologists, the overdamped Generalized Langevin equation satisfying fluctuation dissipation theorem can be written as a fractional stochastic differential equation (FSDE). In this work, we present both a direct and a fast algorithm respectively for this FSDE model in order to numerically study ergodicity. The strong orders of convergence are proven for both schemes, where the role of the memory effects can be clearly observed. We verify the convergence theorems using linear forces, and then verify the convergence to Gibbs measure algebraically for the double well potentials in both 1D and 2D setups. Our work is new in numerical analysis of FSDEs and provides a useful tool for studying ergodicity. The idea can also be used for other stochastic models involving memory.
Modelling and characterisation of geometric errors on 5-axis machine-tool
Authors: Viprey Fabien , Nouira Hichem , Lavernhe Sylvain , Tournier Christophe
Published: September 2019

This research work deals with the geometric modelling of 5-axis machine tool based on a standardised parameterisation of geometric errors with the aim to decrease the volumetric error in the workspace. The identification of the model’s parameters is based on the development of a new standard thermo-invariant material namely the Multi-Feature Bar. Thanks to its calibration and a European intercomparison, it now provides a direct metrological traceability to the SI metre for dimensional measurement on machine tool in a hostile environment. The identification of three intrinsic parameters of this standard, coupled with a measurement procedure ensures a complete and traceable identification of motion errors of linear axes. An identification procedure of location and orientation errors of axes is proposed by probing a datum sphere in the workspace and minimising the time drift of the structural loop and the effects of the previously identified motion errors. Finally, the developed model partially identified, allows the characterisation of 95% of the measured volumetric error. Therefore, the mean volumetric error not characterised by the model only amounts to 8 μm.
Präklinische Studie: Probiotika als neue Therapieoption bei
intestinaler Fruktoseintoleranz
Authors: Goroncy Kati
Published: September 2019

Die Aufnahme von Fruktose mit der Nahrung kann bei Menschen mit intestinaler
Fruktoseintoleranz (IFI) Beschwerden wie Durchfall und Blähungen auslösen. Mit
zunehmendem Fruktosegehalt in der Nahrung sind immer mehr Menschen betroffen.
Der Artikel beschreibt Ursachen und Symptome einer IFI und stellt anhand
jüngster präklinischer Studien dar, wie sie mithilfe probiotischer Bakterien
vermieden werden könnten.
Arbeiten fern der Heimat
Authors: Ullrich Lothar
Published: September 2019

Camila Matias Cardoso da Silva und Ingrid Alves de Figueiredo sind zwei
Pflegende, die aus Brasilien stammen, dort ihre Ausbildung absolviert und nach
Deutschland gekommen sind. Derzeit arbeiten sie im Uniklinikum Münster. Im
Interview mit intensiv-Herausgeber Lothar Ullrich berichten sie von ihren
Erfahrungen.
Ernährung bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Fiederling Ute
Published: September 2019

Die Ernährungstherapie ist Teil der Basistherapie des Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus.
Dennoch gibt es keinen eindeutigen Konsens darüber, mit welcher Ernährungsweise
die besten Erfolge zu erzielen sind 1, 2. Den Betroffenen soll eine adäquate Therapie
ermöglicht werden, deren Inhalte innerhalb von Schulungen vermittelt werden, die
jedoch in Eigenverantwortung und Selbstmanagement praktische Anwendung finden
müssen 1.
Nesfatin-1 Acts Centrally to Induce Sympathetic Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue and Non-Shivering Thermogenesis
Authors: Levata Luka , Dore Riccardo , Jöhren Olaf , Schwaninger Markus , Schulz Carla , Lehnert Hendrik
Published: September 2019

Nesfatin-1 has originally been established as a bioactive peptide interacting with key hypothalamic nuclei and neural circuitries in control of feeding behavior, while its effect on energy expenditure has only recently been investigated. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine whether centrally acting nesfatin-1 can induce β3-adrenergic stimulation, which is a prerequisite for the activation of thermogenic genes and heat release from interscapular brown adipose tissue, key physiological features that underlie increased energy expenditure. This question was addressed in non-fasted mice stereotactically cannulated to receive nesfatin-1 intracerebroventricularly together with peripheral injection of the β3-adrenoceptor antagonist SR 59230 A, to assess whole-body energy metabolism. Using a minimally invasive thermography technique, we now demonstrate that the thermogenic effect of an anorectic nesfatin-1 dose critically depends on β3 adrenergic stimulation, as the co-administration with SR 59230 A completely abolished heat production from interscapular brown adipose tissue and rise in ocular surface temperature, thus preventing body weight loss. Moreover, through indirect calorimetry it could be shown that the anorectic concentration of nesfatin-1 augments overall caloric expenditure. Plausibly, central administration of nesfatin-1 also enhanced the expression of DIO2 and CIDEA mRNA in brown adipose tissue critically involved in the regulation of thermogenesis.
Pd/PTABS: An Efficient Catalytic System for the Aminocarbonylation of a Sugar-Protected Nucleoside
Authors: Bhilare Shatrughn , Shah Jagrut , Gaikwad Vinayak , Gupta Gaurav , Sanghvi Yogesh S. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. , Kapdi Anant R.
Published: September 2019

A highly efficient and mild protocol for the aminocarbonylation of a nucleoside is developed by employing palladium/(1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantan-1-ium-1-yl)butane-1-sulfonate (Pd/PTABS) as the catalytic system. The developed aminocarbonylation methodology employs CO gas at a relatively low temperature of 60 °C and is suitable for a wide range of amines, including (heteroaryl)benzylic, aliphatic acyclic, alicyclic and secondary amines. This protocol is also utilized for the synthesis of a sangivamycin precursor by carrying out the Pd-catalyzed amination and aminocarbonylation simultaneously. The utility of this protocol is further demonstrated by the synthesis of the drugs moclobemide and nikethamide.
Design and Comprehension Testing of Tailored Asthma Control Infographics for Adults with Persistent Asthma
Authors: Arcia Adriana , George Maureen , Lor Maichou , Mangal Sabrina , Bruzzese Jean-Marie
Published: September 2019

Background Adherence to daily inhaled corticosteroid medication is important for asthma control but low health literacy is a barrier to comprehension of control status and may contribute to medication nonadherence. Infographics tailored with patients' own data can support comprehension of health status, but these have not been applied to asthma successfully.

Objectives This two-phased study developed and tested tailored infographics of (1) scores on the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), a self-report measure of symptom burden, and (2) pulmonary function test (PFT) results. The infographics are intended for use as communication and adherence-promotion tools in clinical interactions.

Methods For both phases, participants (18+ years, English- or Spanish-speaking, persistent asthma) were recruited through two primary care clinics. In Phase I, we used a hybrid iterative participatory design process to refine prototype designs. In Phase II, we conducted individual comprehension assessment interviews with the finalized designs. Infographics were hand-tailored for each participant using their ACQ score and PFT results collected at the start of the interview. Two independent raters scored interview transcripts for gist and verbatim comprehension based on a predetermined rubric.

Results The five Phase I design sessions led to final prototypes that participants (n = 21) considered appealing and easy to comprehend. All Phase II participants (n = 10) demonstrated complete gist and verbatim comprehension. Participants reacted favorably to receiving their information via infographics and expressed intentions to engage in self-management behaviors (e.g., medication adherence, smoking cessation, weight loss, and review of their care plan) in response to the information.

Conclusion This study provides preliminary evidence that infographics can support comprehension of asthma control status and promote self-management intentions among adults with persistent asthma. Infographics can be programmed into electronic health records and/or standalone applications to allow for instant tailoring at the point of care.
Interactive NLP in Clinical Care: Identifying Incidental Findings in Radiology Reports
Authors: Trivedi Gaurav , Dadashzadeh Esmaeel R. , Handzel Robert M. , Chapman Wendy W. , Visweswaran Shyam , Hochheiser Harry
Published: September 2019

Background Despite advances in natural language processing (NLP), extracting information from clinical text is expensive. Interactive tools that are capable of easing the construction, review, and revision of NLP models can reduce this cost and improve the utility of clinical reports for clinical and secondary use.

Objectives We present the design and implementation of an interactive NLP tool for identifying incidental findings in radiology reports, along with a user study evaluating the performance and usability of the tool.

Methods Expert reviewers provided gold standard annotations for 130 patient encounters (694 reports) at sentence, section, and report levels. We performed a user study with 15 physicians to evaluate the accuracy and usability of our tool. Participants reviewed encounters split into intervention (with predictions) and control conditions (no predictions). We measured changes in model performance, the time spent, and the number of user actions needed. The System Usability Scale (SUS) and an open-ended questionnaire were used to assess usability.

Results Starting from bootstrapped models trained on 6 patient encounters, we observed an average increase in F1 score from 0.31 to 0.75 for reports, from 0.32 to 0.68 for sections, and from 0.22 to 0.60 for sentences on a held-out test data set, over an hour-long study session. We found that tool helped significantly reduce the time spent in reviewing encounters (134.30 vs. 148.44 seconds in intervention and control, respectively), while maintaining overall quality of labels as measured against the gold standard. The tool was well received by the study participants with a very good overall SUS score of 78.67.

Conclusion The user study demonstrated successful use of the tool by physicians for identifying incidental findings. These results support the viability of adopting interactive NLP tools in clinical care settings for a wider range of clinical applications.
Surgical Techniques and the Choice of Operative Approach for Cranioorbital Lesions
Authors: He Haiyong , Cai Meiqin , Li Manting , Wei Lei , Luo Lun , Chen Zhuopeng , Yang Huasheng , Guo Ying , Li Wensheng
Published: September 2019

Objectives Cranioorbital lesions present a great challenge for neurosurgeons and ophthalmologists. There is no consensus on the choice of surgical approach. The aims of this study were to investigate 49 cases of cranioorbital lesions and evaluate surgical approaches and outcomes.

Patients and Methods A retrospective study was done on 49 patients (51 operations) from 2009 to 2018. Information about the lesion was used to decide whether the supraorbital eyebrow approach (SEA) or pterional approach (PA) was performed.

Results Twenty-eight patients had surgical resection using SEA, 21 patients received PA, each group included one case of recurrence, who underwent reoperation via the same approach. SEA provided better cosmetic satisfaction, and a shorter incision than PA (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in total resection rates, visual outcomes, recovery of ptosis, and other new surgical-related complications between SEA group and PA group (p > 0.05). Forty-nine cases of proptosis (94.1%, 49/51) were improved. Thirty-three patients (33/37, 89.2%) who underwent follow-up for longer than 12 weeks had a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 3.

Conclusion Surgery is the preferred treatment for cranioorbital lesions, but total resection is difficult. SEA may be a more minimally invasive option for some more limited lesions superior to optic nerve. PA may be more reasonable for the lesion with obvious hyperostosis and more extensive lesions.
Fortschritt in Der Medizin: „Keine Wirkung ohne Nebenwirkung“
Authors: Ekkernkamp Axel
Published: September 2019

Die immer wieder versprochenen Vorteile bei der Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens können Krankenhaus-Manager inzwischen im Schlaf aufsagen: Kosteneinsparung, Personalentlastung und deutliche Fortschritte in Diagnostik und Therapie.
Klare Verhältnisse: Uniklinik Ulm kündigt Gesellschaftervertrag mit RKU
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: September 2019

1987 erwarb der private Klinikbetreiber Sana 50 Prozent der Anteile des RKU, das drei Jahre zuvor seinen Betrieb aufgenommen hatte. 1999 stieß das Uniklinikum Ulm als Mitgesellschafter dazu. Seit 2015 laufen die Gespräche um eine angemessene Beteiligung des Uniklinikums Ulm bei Entscheidungen des RKU.
Klinikunternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: September 2019

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken
Rechtskolumne: Ende der Freiberuflichkeit für Pflegekräfte?
Authors: Weimer Tobias
Published: September 2019

Nach dem Urteil des Bundessozialgerichts vom 7. Juni 2019 (B12R6/18 R) sind Pflegekräfte, die als Honorarpflegekräfte in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen tätig sind, in dieser Tätigkeit regelmäßig nicht als Selbstständige anzusehen, sondern unterliegen als Beschäftigte der Sozialversicherungspflicht.
Employer Branding und Personalmarketing: Was Kliniken in Sachen Corporate Influencer und Markenbotschafter beachten müssen
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: September 2019

Auch für Martin Camphausen ist klar: Menschen vertrauen Menschen – dieses Credo sollte seiner Meinung nach in der Kommunikation künftig noch mehr Beachtung finden. Corporate Influencer ermöglichen einen authentischen Zugang zu den Themen und Gebieten einer Klinik. Dafür ist aber auch eine gute und den Mitarbeitern bekannte Unternehmenskultur wichtig sowie ein abteilungsübergreifendes Set-up.
Medizinischer Sachbedarf: Wir müssen hin zu einer prozedurorientierten Steuerung
Authors: Sanden Uwe , Kollmar Thorsten
Published: September 2019

Die traditionelle Steuerung des medizinischen Sachbedarfs stößt heute an Grenzen. Als Gegenbewegung sollte die Rolle des Einkaufs im Zusammenhang mit einer prozedurorientierten Steuerung weiterentwickelt werden: weg von dem Verhandeln einzelner Artikel oder Warengruppen und hin zu dem Verständnis der medizinisch-pflegerischen Prozedur.
Ausgelagerte Archivdienstleistungen: Aktenarchivierung in Zeiten der Digitalisierung
Authors: Buttkereit Jochen
Published: September 2019

Der Begriff der Digitalisierung ist inzwischen omnipräsent. Doch bei der Entscheidung zwischen der Aktendigitalisierung und der konventionellen Archivierung sollten Kliniken den Kosten-Nutzen-Aspekt nicht außer Acht lassen.
Martin-Löf random quantum states
Authors: Nies André , Scholz Volkher B.
Published: September 2019

We extend the key notion of Martin-Löf randomness for infinite bit sequences to the quantum setting, where the sequences become states of an infinite dimensional system. We prove that our definition naturally extends the classical case. In analogy with the Levin-Schnorr theorem, we work toward characterizing quantum ML-randomness of states by incompressibility (in the sense of quantum Turing machines) of all initial segments.