bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Extraction method Project of forestry slope position information based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology With Sustainability Requirements
Authors: SUN Wei , FENG Zhongke , SU Yaocheng , Kadaei Samireh
Published: July 2023

In order to solve the project problems of low accuracy of extraction of forestry information, small extraction area and incomplete extraction results in traditional methods, a forestry slope position information extraction method based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology was proposed here to select the study area and analyse its geographic profile. The data used in the study was Digital Elevation Model (DEM) raster data with a resolution of 25m, and the gradient information of the slope position was vaguely expressed. We calculated the fuzzy membership degree of the position to be inferred relative to each typical position in the type of slope position, and then synthesized the fuzzy membership degree of the position to be inferred relative to each typical position to obtain the gradient information of the slope position. Using hyperspectral remote sensing technology to identify forestry slope position, we matched the identified forestry slope position information, and finally extracted forestry slope position information based on statistical analysis technology. The experimental results showed that the forestry information extraction accuracy of the method in this paper is higher, the extraction area is larger and the extraction results are more comprehensive, indicating that our proposed method effectively improves the effect of forestry information extraction.
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) in rectal cancer treatment within an expert center
Authors: Piątkowski Jacek , Jagielski Mateusz , Szeliga Jacek , Nowak Mariusz , Jackowski Marek
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes in patients who underwent the TaTME procedure for cancer of the middle and low rectum in an expert center. Prospective analysis of the outcomes of all consecutive patients treated using the TaTME technique for cancer of the middle and distal rectum at the our medical center between March 1, 2015, and March 31, 2022. A total of 128 patients (34 women, 94 men; mean age 66.01 [38–85] years) with cancer of the middle and distal rectum qualified for TaTME. TaTME procedures were performed in 127/128 (99.22%) patients. Complications of surgery were observed in 22/127 (17.32%) patients. Negative proximal and distal margins were confirmed in all 127 patients. Complete (R0) resection of the mesorectum was confirmed in 125/127 (98.43%) and nearly complete (R1) resection was confirmed in 2/127 (1.57%) patients. The average follow-up period was 795 days (296–1522) days. Local recurrence was detected during the follow-up period in 2/127 (1.57%) patients. This study showed that the TaTME procedure is an effective and safe method for the minimally invasive treatment of middle and low rectal cancers, particularly within an expert center setting.
Effect of carburising agent on the preparation of molybdenum carbides by plasma and their catalytic HDO of o-cresol
Authors: Yu Zihan , Yu Zhiquan , Wang Yao , Wang Anjie
Published: July 2023

In this paper, molybdenum carbides have been prepared by DBD plasma using mixtures of H2 and CH4. C2H4 or C3H8 with different hydrocarbon/H2 successfully, and characterized by XRD, XPS, Raman, CO2-TPO and H2-TPD. The results of XRD show that the different carburising agents and C/H2 have little influence on β-Mo2C particles size at input power 40 W. Carburising with a mixture of H2 and C2H4 gives rise to ƞ-MoO1 − x and then deeply carbonized to β-Mo2C, while when using CH4 or C3H8 as the carbon source, MoO2 is directly carbonized to β-Mo2C. Besides, the kind of carburising agents has no effect on the input power of synthetic β-Mo2C (40 W). XPS, Raman and CO2-TPO characterization revealed the effect of carburising agents and hydrocarbon /H2 on the amount of carbon deposition during the surface of the β-Mo2C. Under the same C/H2, the surface of Mo2C-E has the lowest carbon deposition, while the carbon deposition on the surface of Mo2C-M is highest, and with the increasing of hydrocarbon /H2 of the same carburising agent, the carbon deposition on the surface increases. Mo2C-M, Mo2C-E and Mo2C-P were evaluated in the hydrodeoxygenation of o-cresol, using a stainless-steel tubular reactor. The results showed that the Mo2C-E (C2H4/H2 = 1/8) shows the better catalytic performance and the toluene yield is over 80%, which can be attributed to the more active sites and the lower carbon deposition, and this result is consistent with the result of H2-TPD.
Synthesis and characterization of LiNi0,5Mn0,4Co0,1O2 as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries using coprecipitation method
Authors: Purwamargapratala Yustinus , Zulfia Anne , Kartini Evvy , Hardian Michael
Published: July 2023

Previous research on NMC811 showed that the higher the Ni content over NMC622, the faster the thermal stability decreased. Therefore, it is necessary to have a type of NMC cathode material that is thermally stable and has better electrochemical performance. In this research, the synthesis of cathode material LiNi0.5Mn0.4Co0.1O2 (NMC541) was carried out using the coprecipitation method to determine the character of the material with variations in calcination temperature of 700, 800 and 850oC. XRD and RAMAN analysis of samples and comparison with references shows that NMC541 material is formed. Observation of surface morphology using SEM on calcified samples at 800oC for 8 hours showed a homogeneous distribution of particles and relatively uniform sizes, as well as the highest conductivity value of 5.099x10− 3 S.cm− 1. Measurements using TEM showed that average grain size of NMC particles was 129.834 nm.
Hutchinson’s intervals and entire functions from the Laguerre–Pólya class
Authors: Nguyen Thu Hien , Vishnyakova Anna
Published: July 2023

We find the intervals [α, β(α)] such that if a univariate real polynomial or entire function f (z) = a0 + a1z + a2z 2 + · · · with positive coefficients satisfy the conditions a 2 k−1 a k−2 a k ∈ [α, β(α)] for all k ≥ 2, then f belongs to the Laguerre– Pólya class. For instance, from J.I. Hutchinson’s theorem, one can observe that f belongs to the Laguerre–Pólya class (has only real zeros) when qk(f) ∈ [4, +∞). We are interested in finding those intervals which are not subsets of [4, +∞).
MSC Classification: 30C15; 30D15; 30D35; 26C10
Therapeutic Potential of Lactoferrin-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Targeted Hyperthermia in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Attri Komal , Chudasama Bhupendra , Mahajan Roop , Choudhury Diptiman
Published: July 2023

Lactoferrin (LF) is a non-heme iron-binding glycoprotein involved in the transport of iron in blood plasma. In addition, it has many biological functions, including antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and, most importantly, antitumor activities. In this study, we have investigated the potential of lactoferrin-iron oxide nanoparticles (LF-IONPs) for the treatment of gastric cancer. The study confirms the formation of LF-IONPs with a spherical shape and size of 5 ± 2 nm, embedded in the protein matrix. FTIR and RAMAN analysis revealed that the Fe-O bond stabilized the protein particle interactions. Further, we conducted hyperthermia studies to ascertain whether the proposed composite can generate a sufficient rise in temperature at a low frequency. The results confirmed that we can achieve a temperature rise of about 7 ºC at 242.4 kHz, which can be further exploited in treating gastric cancer. The particles were further tested for their anticancer activity on AGS cells, with and without hyperthermia. Results showed that LF-IONPs significantly enhanced cytotoxicity and inhibition of migration in LF-IONPs treated cells compared to control cells, with the most inhibition seen after 36 h of treatment. These findings suggest LF-IONPs potential for targeted hyperthermia treatment.
Prenatal cannabis exposure alters offspring DNA methylation at genes involved in neurodevelopment, across the life course
Authors: Osborne Amy , Noble Alexandra , Adams Alex , Satsangi Jack , Boden Joseph
Published: July 2023

Prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) is of increasing concern globally, due to the potential impact on offspring neurodevelopment, and its association with childhood and adolescent brain development and cognitive function. However, a lack of research addressing the molecular impact of PCE means that it is not known whether PCE can be considered causative for adverse child neurodevelopment, or whether it is simply correlational. To address this knowledge gap, here we present epigenome-wide association study data across multiple timepoints, examining the effect of PCE and co-exposure with tobacco using two longitudinal studies, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) at birth (0 y), 7 y and 15-17 y (ALSPAC), and ~27 y (CHDS). Our findings reveal genome-wide significant DNA methylation differences in offspring at 0 y, 7 y, 15-17 y and 27 y associated with PCE alone, and co-exposure with tobacco. Importantly, we identified significantly differentially methylated CpG sites within the genes LZTS2, NPSR1, NT5E, CRP2, DOCK8, COQ5 and LPAR5 that are shared between different time points throughout development in offspring. Notably, functional pathway analysis showed enrichment for differential DNA methylation in neurodevelopmental and schizophrenia pathways, and this was consistent across all timepoints in both cohorts. Given the increasing volume of epidemiological evidence that suggests a link between PCE and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in exposed offspring, this work highlights the need for further investigation into PCE, particularly in larger cohorts.
Evaluation of the impact of coal mining on surface water in the Boesmanspruit, Mpumalanga, South Africa
Authors: Dzhangi Thandi R. , Atangana Ernestine
Published: July 2023

Surface water quality has major environmental and socioeconomic consequences, notably in terms of the country’s long-term fresh water supply. This study aimed at assessing the current state of water quality and status of the Boesmanspruit in a coal mining environment. The study used historical water quality data for a period of five years. Aluminium, calcium, iron, manganese, magnesium, sodium, sulphate, electrical conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids were the water quality variables selected for the study. The water quality was evaluated against South African resource quality objectives, the South African water quality guidelines, Vol. 5 and 7, and the water quality indices (WQI) of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. The following parameters were above the prescribed thresholds: pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, sulphate, manganese and iron. The data was analysed using such as the CCME-WQI, the comprehensive pollution index (CPI) and multivariate statistics. The CCME-WQI results showed that monitoring locations GR S26 and GR S21 near mining activities had poor water quality (40–44), whereas CPI also had similar category results for the monitoring points, indicating that they were heavily polluted (2.4–4.8). The WQI showed that if certain variables, such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sulphate, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids, exceed the permissible range, the water quality would deteriorate in accordance with the CPI classification. Therefore, the CPI was the best way to categorise the water quality. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis identified two primary sources of pollution which are anthropogenic and natural. The utilisation of statistical analysis proved to be effective in determining the ideal quantity of significant variables within the study area. The study recommends low-cost options for reducing the effects of acid mine drainage, which includes passive mine water treatment methods using artificial wetlands.
Effectiveness of the Malaise trap and sweep net sampling in sawfly research (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)
Authors: Haris Attila , Vidlička Lubomír , Majzlan Oto , Roller Ladislav
Published: July 2023

Malaise traps and sweep nets are commonly used to study sawfly fauna, seasonality and communities. Here we analyse a large dataset obtained with these methods in Slovakia and Hungary over the last two and a half decades. The dataset included collections from twenty-one sites, each covering the entire growing season, eleven of which were obtained with the Malaise trap and ten with the sweep net. We conclude that both methods are suitable for faunistic studies of sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), although they may lead to certain biassed results for some Symphyta groups. Special attention should be paid to Siricidae, Orussidae, Xiphidriidae and Cimbicidae, which were only weakly recorded with both methods. Argidae, Blennocampinae, Dolerinae and Tenthredininae were underrepresented in the Malaise trap samples and Allantinae in the sweep net samples. Both methods gave equally good results in measuring species richness in a one-year study. Ideally, they should be used together as they complement each other well. The net method has a great advantage in determining the exact population density. In contrast, the Malaise trap collections were often heavily dominated by only a few species, with males being preferentially trapped. It can be used preferentially in the study of seasonal flight activity.
Factors of certain basic hypergeometric sums
Authors: Cao Jian , Guo Victor J. W , Yu Xiao
Published: July 2023

We prove that certain truncated basic hypergeometric series contain the factor Φn(q)2, where Φn(q) is the n-th cyclotomic polynomial. This result may be regarded as a generalization of Theorem 1.1 in [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 476 (2019), 851–859].
2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 33D15, 11A07, 11B65
Heuristic Prosody Affects Communication: WTO Debate Interviews
Authors: Wang Xian , Qin Meng , Mao Yu , Mu Congjun
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Contemporary Graffiti as a Tool for Studying Prehistoric Art. A Classification Attempt
Authors: Zagorov Vasil , Hristov Hristo
Published: July 2023

This article aims to present a classification of contemporary graffiti to support the study of Prehistoric art. The classification is based on two-year field observations of both completed and newly created works of contemporary graffiti and street art. The classification is oriented to the result of the creative act in view of its communicative significance. The scientific approach does not aim to create direct parallels between specific artistic samples, but to study the basic principles, stages, and starting points of the creative act. Thanks to the classification, on the principle of analogy, a series of questions have been prepared, and addressed to archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, and art critics with a greater degree of training in the field of Prehistoric art. The current research seeks to explain some aspects of Prehistoric art through modern graffiti. Of course, this approach is not intended to negate the scientific hypotheses and results achieved so far in the field of Archaeology and History of Art but to help scholars of prehistoric art study to ask or reformulate a series of questions that will contribute to a more comprehensive view and understanding of Prehistoric art.
Teaching and Learning Optimization method for multi- channel wireless mesh networks with MIMO links
Authors: Kavitha P. , Renugadevi R. , kumar P. Ranjith
Published: July 2023

Wireless Mesh Networks are a very attractive new field of research. Mesh networks are low cost, easily deployed, and provide high performance solution to broadband network access. Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs (MIMO) is one of the radio technology breakthroughs for increasing network capacity to obtain the full benefits in wireless mesh networks. The proposed research investigates the network routing, channel assignment, capacity of MIMO channel with number of transmit and number of receive antennas in wireless mesh networks. This paper also focuses an intelligent Teaching-Learning-based Optimization (TLO) algorithm to find the optimal network routing path between source and destination for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Compared with other routing metrics, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm converged quickly and reached the optimal solution with minimal time and also improve the network performances.
VariPred: Enhancing Pathogenicity Prediction of Missense Variants Using Protein Language Models
Authors: Lin Weining , Wells Jude , Wang Zeyuan , Orengo Christine , Martin Andrew C.R.
Published: July 2023

Computational approaches for predicting the pathogenicity of genetic variants have advanced in recent years. These methods enable researchers to determine the possible clinical impact of rare and novel variants. Historically these prediction methods used hand-crafted features based on structural, evolutionary, or physiochemical properties of the variant. In this study we propose a novel framework that leverages the power of pre-trained protein language models to predict variant pathogenicity. We show that our approach VariPred (Variant impact Predictor) outperforms current state-of-the-art methods by using an end-to-end model that only requires the protein sequence as input. By exploiting one of the best-performing protein language models (ESM-1b), we established a robust classifier, VariPred, requiring no pre-calculation of structural features or multiple sequence alignments. We compared the performance of VariPred with other representative models including 3Cnet, Polyphen-2, FATHMM and ‘ESM variant’. VariPred outperformed all these methods on the ClinVar dataset achieving an MCC of 0.727 vs. an MCC of 0.687 for the next closest predictor.
Investigation of The Possible Effects of Curative Radiochemotherapy on Muscle Oxygen Saturation Dynamics With Moxy Oxygen Monitor in Individuals With Local Advanced Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Sahin Yılmaz , Zortul Abdulsamet , Ozturk Deniz
Published: July 2023

Objective
This study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of curative radiochemotherapy on muscle oxygen saturation dynamics with moxy oxygen monitor in individuals with locally advanced lung cancer.
Materials and Methods
The study was conducted prospectively at Atatürk University Sports Sciences Application and Research Center. From the cases with locally advanced lung cancer in the Radiation Oncology Clinic of Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, It was conducted with male patients aged 30–70 years diagnosed with locally advanced lung cancer. Before and after curative radiochemotherapy, patients were walked on a treadmill for 10 minutes by the low-intensity acute aerobic walking exercise protocol and with a Moxy monitor device, muscle oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin levels were monitored in the rectus femoris muscle with near-infrared spectroscopy both during and after the test. The analysis of the data obtained from the research was made in the SPSS 26.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) program.
Results
According to the findings of the study, Sig. Although there was no significant difference since the (2-tailed) values were higher than 0.05, it was determined that the participants' right and left leg total hemoglobin values increased after curative radiochemotherapy application.
Conclusion
Curative radiochemotherapy showed a curative effect on muscle oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin.
Multi-Spatial Scale Spatio-Temporal Transformer: A Refined Traffic Data Forecasting Method
Authors: 张 悦 , Zhang Lei , Liu Bailong , Liang Zhizhen , Zhang Xuefei
Published: July 2023

Accurate traffic data forecasting is essential to improve the efficiency of intelligent transportation systems. Existing traffic prediction models only model spatial dependency based on the connectivity of roads, which overlooks the characteristic information of hidden spatial dependency and leads to a loss of prediction accuracy. In addition, there exists a strict relative positional relationship in the temporal dependency between traffic data, which is often overlooked by existing models, making it difficult to accurately model the temporal dependency. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a traffic data prediction method (MSS-STT) based on Multi-Spatial Scale Spatio-Temporal Transformer. MSS-STT first employs multiple specialized spatial Transformer networks to model different spatial scales in order to capture spatial dependencies and patterns at various levels. It also utilizes graph convolutional neural networks to extract static spatial structural features. Then, a gating mechanism is used to fuse the spatial dependencies from different spatial scales and the static spatial features. Finally, MSS-STT extracts different temporal dependencies by considering the order of time points and the varying contributions to the prediction from different relative positions between time points in historical traffic data. Experiments on three real-world datasets from the Caltrans Performance Measurement System (PeMS) show that the proposed MSS-STT model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
VAT Credit Refund, Financial Flexibility and Enterprise Innovation Incentives
Authors: Chen Jiangyan , Ye Aizhong , Guo Minrong , Guo Ju
Published: July 2023

Technological innovation is the primary driving force. This paper uses a difference-in-differences model, based on data from non-financial A-share listed companies, to demonstrate the impact of the 2018 value-added tax (VAT) refund policy on corporate innovation. The evaluation results found that: (1) Compared with the control group, the VAT refund policy significantly increased the innovation investment of the experimental group companies. (2) The VAT refund policy mainly encourages corporate innovation by affecting corporate financial flexibility. (3) From the perspective of corporate characteristics, the innovative incentive effect of the VAT refund policy is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, smaller enterprises, growth-stage enterprises, and enterprises with a low inventory turnover rate. In addition to encouraging corporate innovation, the VAT refund policy also significantly improves corporate innovation efficiency. Based on the research conclusions, this paper proposes further expanding the scope of the VAT refund policy, differentiating tax subjects, and other related suggestions.
Factors associated with renal oxygen extraction in mechanically ventilated children after the Norwood operation: insights from high fidelity hemodynamic data
Authors: loomba rohit , Villarreal Enrique , Farias Juan S. , Flores Saul , Wong Joshua
Published: July 2023

Background
As the human body and its constituent organs require oxygen to function, maintaining the adequacy of systemic oxygen delivery is of utmost importance, particularly in critically ill children. Renal oxygen extraction can be utilized as a metric of the balance between systemic oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption. The primary aim of this study was to determine what clinical factors are associated with renal oxygen extraction in children with parallel circulation after the Norwood operation.
Methods
Mechanically ventilated children who underwent a Norwood operation from September 1, 2022 to March 1, 2023 were identified as these patients had data collected and stored with high fidelity by the T3 software. Data regarding hemodynamic values, fluid balance, and airway pressure were collected. These data were analyzed using Bayesian regression to determine the association of the individual metrics with renal oxygen extraction.
Results
A total of 27,270 datapoints were included in the final analyses. The resulting top two models explained had nearly 80% probability of being true and explained over 90% of the variance in renal oxygen extraction.
Conclusion
Increased milrinone, epinephrine, mean arterial pressure, and systemic blood flow were associated with decreased (improved) renal oxygen extraction while increased mean airway pressure, central venous pressure, arterial saturation by pulse oximetry, and systemic vascular resistance were associated with increased (worsened) renal oxygen extraction.
A Method of Overtourism Optimisation for national parks (Case: Stołowe Mts. National Park, Poland)
Authors: Rogowski Mateusz
Published: July 2023

The increasing popularity of national parks in recent years results from the reopened of tourism after the Covid-19 pandemic and the increasing for outdoor activities in such areas. In many national parks face overtourism which has a negative impact on nature, residents, the economy of the region and visitors. The aim is provide the new Method of Overtourism Optimisation in national park. The Method consist of nine tasks that have include the diagnose of overtourism in spatio-temporal terms by visitors and residents, the analysis of hourly visitors data and develop the Tourism Carrying Capacity of trails. The results of the survey carried out among the visitors and residents diagnosed overtourism in spatio-temporal terms, discussed with the National Park managers and the Scientific Council. The Method delivers the diagnosis and management of overtourism by determination of entry limits preceded by participation in the co-decision in residents, visitors and national park managers.
Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Xylanase produced by Bacillus sp. NIORKP76 strain under solid state fermentation and its application in saccharification of various agro-residues into fermentable sugars
Authors: Parab Pankaj D. , Khandeparker Rakhee D. , Amberkar Ujwala
Published: July 2023

Microbial xylanases are xylan hydrolyzing enzymes which has congregated attention due to their immense potential in many industries. Increasing demand for these enzymes versus inadequate supply makes these biomolecules a value-added product. The current study is focused on xylanase from bacterial isolate identified as Bacillus sp. NIORKP76. The bacterial isolate used in this study showed ability to produce xylanase on an inexpensive agro-industrial waste (wheat bran) under solid-state fermentation. The isolate showed maximum xylanase production in growth media supplemented with phosphate, NaCl and NH4Cl concentration of 64 mM, 15 mg/mL and 0.3 mg/mL respectively. The maximum xylanase titer volume was obtained with 1:3 substrate to moisture ratio (w/v). Using optimized conditions maximum xylanase production in wheat bran was achieved in 72 h at room temperature 28 ±2°C. Xylanase exhibited pH optima of 8.0 and retained 92% of its residual activity after 24h incubation period at pH 8.0, thus proving its high stability at alkaline pH. Xylanase displayed optimum activity at 60°C. Xylanase stability at 30°C and 40 °C remained unhindered even after 12h of incubation period. The xylanase isolated in this study was purified up to homogeneity and its molecular weight was found to be ~28kDa. Xylanase produced by Bacillus sp. NIORKP76 strain was found to have essential qualities required for saccharification of various agro-residues to generate fermentable sugars which can be a raw-material for biofuel production. Wheat bran with heat pre-treatment was found to be par excellence agro-waste as compared to other heat pre-treated and untreated lignocellulosic agro-wastes in production of fermentable reducing sugars. 141mg/g fermentable sugars were whipped up when reaction mixture of pre-treated wheat bran with 5U/g partially purified xylanase incubated at 40°C for 8h, which was found to be best results among all agro-residues studied.
A Confirmed Case of Xylazine-Induced Skin Ulcers in a Person Who Injects Drugs in Miami, Florida, USA
Authors: Warp Peyton V. , Hauschild Maia , Tookes Hansel E. , Ciraldo Katrina , Serota David P. , Cruz Irasema
Published: July 2023

Background Xylazine is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that has emerged as a contaminant in the street drug supply of fentanyl. Xylazine use may be suspected in naloxone-resistant overdoses and atypical, chronic wounds in people who inject drugs (PWID). This case is unique because it is the first case to our knowledge describing wound care for a xylazine-induced wound with a confirmatory xylazine test strip (XTS) in the setting of a syringe services program (SSP) and in the state of Florida.Case Presentation A 43-year-old woman with a past medical history of severe opioid use disorder and stimulant use disorder presented to a student-run clinic at the IDEA Miami SSP for wound care. She had multiple ulcerations diffusely over her bilateral forearms with surrounding erythema and warmth. Seven weeks later, she presented to clinic again for wound care because her wounds had progressed. At this visit, a XTS was used to confirm the presence of xylazine in her urine. Wound care management and harm reduction strategies employed at both visits are discussed below. Wound outcomes are unknown as the patient has not returned to clinic.Conclusions Many PWID at highest risk for acute and chronic health consequences of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl do not have access to healthcare outside of low barrier clinics and SSPs due to lack of insurance or mistrust of the traditional healthcare system. There is an urgent need for access to XTS for PWID and clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of xylazine-related wounds in outpatient clinics.
Deterioration Mechanism and Statistical Damage Constitutive Model of Red-Bed Soft Rock with Different Moisture Contents
Authors: Wu Yizhe , Wang Huanling , Zhang Yanjie , Lyu Changhao , Liu Yuxuan , Wang Wenxiu
Published: July 2023

The mechanical properties of red-bed soft rock, widely encountered in the Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project, deteriorate significantly upon contact with water, impacting the safety of the project. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of moisture content on the mechanical properties of red-bed soft rock by conducting triaxial compression tests under varying confining pressure. Degradation mechanisms associated with distinct moisture content levels are determined. Deformation and deterioration mechanisms are investigated from the mineral compositions using X-ray diffraction. Modification of the Drucker-Prager criterion is studied to incorporate the Lode parameter. Utilizing the Weibull distribution, this study establishes a statistical damage constitutive model for red-bed soft rock. The triaxial compression test results of red-bed soft rock are used for the purpose of model validation. It is demonstrated that there is a strong concurrence between the theoretical model and empirical findings, indicating its suitability for analyzing the mechanical behavior of red-bed soft rock under varying moisture content. Findings in this paper can provide valuable insights into the investigation of large deformation occurring in surrounding red-bed soft rocks within the context of Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project.
A novel nomogram to identify the III-N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients who may benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy
Authors: Yi Xinglin , Deng Caixia , He Yi , Zhou Xiangdong , Luo Hu
Published: July 2023

Purpose
We aimed to develop a novel risk stratification system based on a prognostic nomogram to identify patients with pIII-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who may benefit from postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after complete resection.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 3,520 eligible NSCLC patients with pIII-N2 stage disease from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) was used to equilibrate the characteristic baseline to reduce bias. We established a risk stratification tool using a nomogram that incorporated independent factors identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. Kaplan–Meier and subgroup survival analyses were conducted to estimate the benefit of PORT in every risk stratification.
Results
Kaplan–Meier survival analysis observed that high-risk patients owned a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) after PORT (p = 0.002), while those in low- or intermediate-risk cohorts did not show such improvement. Subgroup survival analysis suggested that patients with a high lymph node ratio ≥ 0.56 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.803; 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.661–0.975, p = 0.027), without postoperative chemotherapy (HR = 0.782; 95% CI: 0.619–0.989; p = 0.040), and those in the high-risk group (HR = 0.577; 95% CI: 0.410–0.812; p = 0.001) achieved a significant OS advantage from PORT.
Conclusion
This novel risk stratification system based on nomogram provides a preliminary identification of potential pIII-N2 NSCLC patients who are more likely to benefit from PORT.
Positive family history and girl sex might increase the risk of failure of abduction treatment in developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Lankinen Vilma , Helminen Mika , Bakti Karim , Välipakka Jarmo , Laivuori Hannele , Hyvärinen Anna
Published: July 2023

Background. Mild Barlow positive but Ortolani negative developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has a great spontaneous recovery potential. Despite that, in many cases abduction treatment is needed. Known risk factors of DDH include girl sex, family history and breech presentation. Risks of failure of the abduction treatment are not well established.
Material and methods. The Children with DDH diagnosis treated in Tampere University hospital in the years 1998-2018 were retrospectively found. Only the children with early evaluation (under 2 weeks of age) of pediatric surgeon or pediatric surgery resident were included in the analysis. Total of 759 children were included.
Results. Girl sex (p=0.008) and family history (p=0.003) were associated with the most sever forms of DDH in dynamic ultrasound at one month of age. Major hip instability in dynamic ultrasound (p=0.016), and not the alpha angles (p=0.426), was associated with the risk of operative and/or casting treatments. Watchful waiting strategy in mild DDH was safe regarding the major hip instability (p= 0.260) and duration of abduction treatment, as treatment duration was shorter in these children (p<0.001).
Conclusion. Family history and girl sex increase a risk of more severe form of DDH which increases the risk of failure of the abduction treatment. The observation period of four to six weeks seems safe in clinically diagnosed mild DDH regarding the risk of operative treatment and treatment duration.
Level of evidence: Level II Retrospective study
Diagnosis of Structural Defects in Concrete Slabs Using Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Kabir Ehsanul , Hedjazi Saman
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Graphene-based quad-port MIMO reconfigurable antennas for SATCOM and 5G applications
Authors: Kiani Narges , Hamedani Farzad Tavakkol , Rezaei Pejman
Published: July 2023

In this research, two graphene-based THz patch antenna structures for satellite communication and 5G applications is reported. In the unit cell analysis, it can be pointed out that the patch is made of graphene and the substrate is made of silicon dioxide. While its dielectric permittivity is 3.7. The operating frequency of the MIMO antenna is designed at 0.6 THz. In the plan of MIMO reconfigurable antenna, cells are arranged vertically. Reconfigurable conditions can be achieved by changing the chemical potential or in other words the bias voltage of graphene patches. The amount of chemical potential in the original project of both quad-port MIMO reconfigurable antennas is considered to be 0.6 eV. In the results of the first antenna, S11 is less than -10 dB in the range of 0.58786 THz through 0.63112 THz. In the results of the second antenna, S11 is less than -10 dB in the range of 0.57814 THz through 0.63391 THz. In the results of the first antenna, maximum efficiency is reported about 65%. In the results of the second antenna, maximum efficiency is reported about 72%. Finally, peak realized gains, radiation efficiencies, far-field 2D radiation patterns, VSWRs, current distributions, envelope correlation coefficients (port1-port2, port1-port3, port1-port4), and diversity gains (port1-port2, port1-port3, port1-port4) have all been reported over the operating frequency band for two antennas.
HGNNDR: Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network Recommendation Model based on Feature Aggregation
Authors: Norton Marlowe , Kingsley Arwen , Wellington Asher , Prescott Juniper
Published: July 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology such as big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things, the scale of data contained in the Internet has been growing explosively. The arrival of the big data era will bring more convenience to people. However, it will also bring people the problem of "information overload", that is, when people face a huge amount of information data, many redundant and useless data will be lost. Heterogeneous graphs have diverse and complex types of data structures, how to mine information effectively for heterogeneous graphs, whether the embedding of nodes contains neighborhood information and semantic information, and so on, are all challenges in the representation learning of heterogeneous graphs. In order to address the above shortcomings, this paper combines graph neural networks with heterogeneous networks to propose the deep recommendation model HGNNDR. In this paper, a multi-feature joint representation of information in heterogeneous information networks is given. Oriented to the two domains of user/item interaction and user socialization, the multi-order topology information in heterogeneous information networks is utilized to enhance the representation of node features in the case of sparse network connections.
A graph neural network recommendation method oriented to the attention mechanism is proposed. Through the effective fusion of multidimensional representation vectors of users, items, ratings, and socialization, the recommendation quality of the recommendation model is enhanced in the case of sparse rating matrices.
The recommended accuracy of the model in this paper is verified to be better than the baseline method on multiple public datasets.
Validation of a smartphone-based gait analysis focusing on waveform similarity
Authors: Arita Satoshi , Nishiyama Daisuke , Fukui Daisuke , Yamanaka Manabu , Yamada Hiroshi
Published: July 2023

Objective: Gait analysis using Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have gained attention owing to low economic and logistical constraints and obtaining spatiotemporal gait parameters with the same accuracy as that of conventional gait analysis. Most validation studies have focused on the agreement of spatiotemporal parameters calculated by integrating acceleration data with laboratory-based optical motion capture systems (OMCS), the gold standard of gait analysis. To legitimize analysis using acceleration waveforms, it is necessary to verify the parameters obtained from waveforms and their shapes; however, no research uses the similarity of waveform shape to validate the IMU gait analysis system. Thus, this study investigated the acceleration and angular velocity change waveforms obtained from the IMU as compared to a laboratory-based OMCS, the gold standard of gait analysis.
Method: Ten walkers were recorded three times each, using an IMU and a laboratory-based OMCS. Three-axis angular velocities and acceleration waveforms were verified for similarity using the cross-correlation function (CCF) and dynamic time warping (DTW).
Results: The derivative DTW distances between IMU and OMCS waveforms of the same gait were significantly smaller than those of the different gait groups in all directions. The acceleration waveforms toward gait, left-right direction, and vertical direction exhibited significant similarity, as did, angular velocities in pitch, yaw, and roll angular directions.
Conclusion: Analysis using the acceleration pattern of the IMU can be legitimized without complicated signal processing for attitude estimation. These results can inform 3D motion analysis using the angular velocity of the pelvis.
Potential Value of the Motor Protein Family KIF as a Diagnostic & Prognostic Marker for Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Prospective Research
Authors: FENG Zhen , LIAN Yong , WANG Yixuan
Published: July 2023

Liver cancer is a common type of cancer with high mortality rates worldwide. Kinesin family (KIF) members are important molecular motors involved in various cellular processes, including cell division and intracellular transport. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression of KIF family members in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) using bioinformatics methods. We found that the expression levels of KIF family members, including KIF1C, KIF3B, KIF7, KIF9, KIF11, KIF14, and KIF18A, were generally higher in LIHC compared to normal tissues. The expression levels of KIF11 and KIF14 were closely related to the prognosis of LIHC, suggesting that they may be potential biomarkers for LIHC. Our findings provide important insights into the potential roles of KIF family members in LIHC and contribute to the identification of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of liver cancer. Further experimental validation is needed to confirm our findings.
An algorithm for generating uplink complex nonorthogonal multiple access spreading codes to reduce execution time
Authors: amir
Published: July 2023

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-assisted 5G wireless communication networks in uplink and downlink transmissions can provide high demands of low latency, high data rate, massive connectivity, and high access speed without compromising security. Algorithms to produce minimal coherence (cross-correlation) codebooks are desired in various applications. The authors built an algorithm capable of generating complex NOMA spreading codes based on the equiangular tight frame (ETF) method. Execution time is one of the computer science terms that refers to the various stages of running software programs and determining the performance of programs. The created algorithm was reasonably fast to find a enough of NOMA spreading codes that have the minimum cross-correlation. It modified the initial value with the algorithm to reduce the execution time and generate complex value-spreading codes. This algorithm achieved the optimal cross-correlation for multiple access and implemented the lowest running time compared to the "best complex antipodal spherical code" (BCASC) method, the "approximate nearest neighbors’ best complex antipodal spherical code" (ANN BCASC) method, the "Dhillon et al." method, the "Medra et al." method, the "coherence-based Grassmannian codebook" (CBGC) method, the “Grassmannian package” method, the “original best complex antipodal spherical code" (ORIG-BCASC) method, and the "Grassmannian package" method. The algorithm achieved optimal coherence (maximum cross-correlation) for matrix dimension (m, n), where m, n denotes the size of the collection set of vectors in the Frame. The optimal coherence (maximum cross-correlation) is 0.4472 for (3, 6), 0.4714 for (3, 7), 0.3536 for (4, 7), 0.3780 for (4, 8), 0.4472 for (4, 16), 0.3333 for (5, 10), 0.3464 for (5, 11), 0.4082 for (5, 25), 0.2500 for (6, 9), 0.2887 for (6, 11), 0.3015 for (6, 12), and 0.3333 for (7, 28) with an enhancement the parameters number of iterations and tolerance value in time less than one second. Also, superior to the “Grassmannian package” method in execution time, also the execution time for BCASC, CBGC, and ORIG-BCASC methods was more than one second. The performed simulations verified the uplink spectral efficiency and total capacity rate after applying the spreading codes generated from the suggested algorithm. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm for generating NOMA spreading codes tokens based on complex ETFs and exported from our algorithm provided better performance and capacity than other multi-access signatures.
Non-perturbative aspects of (low-dimensional) quantum field theories
Authors:   , Königstein Adrian
Published: July 2023

This thesis deals with several aspects of non-perturbative calculations in low-dimensional quantum field theories. It is split into two main parts: The first part focuses on method development and testing. Using exactly integrable QFTs in zero spacetime dimensions as toy models, the need for non-perturbative methods in QFT is demonstrated. In particular, we focus on the functional renormalization group (FRG) as a non-perturbative exact method and present a novel fluid-dynamic reformulation of certain FRG flow equations. This framework and the application of numerical schemes from the field of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to the FRG is tested and benchmarked against exact results for correlation functions. We also draw several conclusions for the qualitative understanding and interpretation of renormalization group (RG) flows from this fluid-dynamic reformulation and discuss the generalization of our findings to realistic higher-dimensional QFTs. The topics discussed in the second part are also manifold. In general, the second part of this thesis deals with the Gross-Neveu (GN) model, which is a prototype of a relativistic QFT. Even though being a model in two spacetime dimensions, it shares many features of realistic models and theories for high-energy particle physics, but also emerges as a limiting case from systems in solid state physics. Especially, it is interesting to study the model at non-vanishing temperatures and densities, thus, its thermodynamic properties and phase structure. First, we use this model to test and apply our findings of the first part of this thesis in a realistic environment. We analyze how the fluid-dynamic aspects of the FRG realize themselves in the RG flow of a full-fledged QFT and how we profit from this numeric framework in actual calculations. Thereby, however, we also aim at answering a long-standing question: Is there still symmetry breaking and condensation at non-zero temperatures in the GN model, if one relaxes the commonly used approximation of an infinite number of fermion species and works with a finite number of fermions? In short: Is matter (in the GN model) in a single spatial dimension at non-zero temperature always gas-like? In general, we also use the GN model to learn about the correct description of QFTs at non-zero temperatures and densities. This is of utmost relevance for model calculations in low-energy quan- tum chromodynamics (QCD) or other QFTs in medium and we draw several conclusions for the requirements for stable calculations at non-zero chemical potential.