bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiences and challenges of cooperation in functional urban areas of voivodeship centres in Poland
Authors: Busłowska Anna
Published: December 2024

Functional urban areas (FUA) are an important stakeholder in urban policy. They were constituted in the institutionalised form of the so-called “ITI unions” (associations or local government agreements) in the 2014–2020 EU perspective, as the main entities for the implementation of the cohesion policy instrument – integrated territorial investments (ITI). Monitoring the role, various aspects and challenges of cooperation is important from the viewpoint of the success of an effective FUA development policy. Research in the literature on cooperation in FUA focuses mainly on aspects of cooperation between local governments, with less analysis of the role of the ITI union offices themselves in this process. Taking the above into account, the aim of this work is to assess the cooperation and its main problems and challenges from the perspective of the ITI union offices. Therefore, from September 8–22, 2023, a survey using the CAWI technique was carried out in 18 FUAs of voivodeship capitals in Poland. Feedback forms were sent by 67% of the respondents (12 unions). The results obtained mostly indicate good and very good assessments of the cooperation conducted by ITI union offices with various stakeholders and in different areas. The basic cooperation partners here, of course, remain FUA local governments, but also other ITI union offices in Poland. Cooperation is still focused mainly on aspects related to the implementation of the FUA development strategy (primarily the ITI instrument). The survey showed that ITI unions generally strive to build positive relationships with other stakeholders, which may provide potential for FUA development in the future.
Avoidable Benign Kidney Tumor Resections—Data from a Tertiary Care Cancer Institute
Authors: Ramdas Menon Arun , Patel Vivek , Suresh Nivedita , Raja Anand
Published: December 2024

Enhancing renal masses are conventionally treated as malignant unless proven otherwise due to the difficulty distinguishing between malignant and benign tumors based on imaging. Data from the Western registries suggests overtreatment of renal tumors with a Benign Kidney Tumor Resection Rate (BKTRR) ranging from 10 to 33%, with an increasing trend. Since robust, population-based data from India was unavailable, we sought to determine BKTRR in an apex cancer institute, which would provide insight into the rates in the community. The institutional kidney tumor database was queried for all patients aged ≥18 years with renal neoplasms between January 2000 and December 2022. Patients who underwent surgery, either radical or partial nephrectomy, with intent to cure were analyzed and the BKTRR during the study period was evaluated. A total of 330 patients underwent surgery for renal tumors presumed to be malignant. A final pathologic diagnosis of the benign tumor was made in 16 (4.8%) patients, comprising 7.2, 7.2, and 3.7% of resections with LTD ≤4, 4–7, and >7 cm, respectively. Asymptomatic benign tumors ≤7 cm comprised 3.0% of all resections, and these were potentially unnecessary surgeries. A multivariable analysis suggested that no patient or imaging characteristic could predict a final benign extirpative pathology. Our study suggests a lower rate of BKTRR compared to the published international literature but is likely to be the lower limit of that in the community. Population-based studies are required to determine the true BKTRR and the quantum of potentially unnecessary surgeries for benign kidney tumors.
Primary Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor of Kidney: An Uncommon Renal Neoplasm
Authors: Plash Sonu , Soni Deepti , Mukhopadhyay Sramana , Yadav Moorat Singh , Kaushal Devashish , Mehra Ketan
Published: December 2024

Germ cell tumor (GCT) is a neoplasm typically found in childhood, commonly originating from the testis or ovary. While there have been reported cases of GCT occurring in various extragonadal sites, primary intrarenal GCT is exceptionally rare. We present a case of 37-year-old male who presented with right upper abdomen pain. Imaging revealed a sizable mass within the right kidney. The patient underwent surgical resection of the renal mass during which there was perirenal infiltration into the duodenum and dense desmoplastic reaction all around. Subsequent histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of primary intrarenal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT). The patient underwent four cycles of adjuvant bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy; at 6 months of follow-up, he is fine. The objective of this case report is to underscore the importance of considering NSGCT as a potential rare differential diagnosis in cases of renal neoplasms and further plan for the management.
Synthesis of Hydrazone Based Ion Sensor and Photophysical Characterization
Authors: Çınar Seda
Published: December 2024

Hydrazone compounds are susceptible to nucleophilic attacks of anions such as fluoride or cyanide due to their tendency toward deprotonation of hydrogen bonded to nitrogen atom in the structure and found applications as ion sensors. In this work, from the condensation reaction of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, phenolic hydrazone compound was obtained and the following substitution reaction with 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride was studied to synthesize a new hydrazone compound with elongated conjugation. Structures of the synthesized compounds were accomplished with 1H NMR, 13C NMR an UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic techniques. According to the spectroscopic data, absorption maximum of the new hydrazone compound was found to shift bathochromically with ca. 120 nm in the presence of nucleophilic fluoride, cyanide, acetate and hydroxide anions.
5-Chloroanthranilic Acid Schiff Base: Crystal Structure, DNA/BSA Interactions, Molecular Docking and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: İnci Özbağcı Duygu
Published: December 2024

A novel 5ClAA-Schiff base (Schiff base derived from the condensation of 5-chloroanthranilic acid and 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde) has been synthesized. The structure of the 5ClAA-Schiff base was clarified by CHN analysis, FTIR, electronic absorption spectroscopy, ESI-MS and X-ray single crystal diffraction methods. In biological activity studies, the interactions of the 5ClAA-Schiff base with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were examined using fluorescence spectroscopy. The interactions of the 5ClAA-Schiff base with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated using electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques and the BSA quenching mechanism was found. The molecular docking simulation was investigated to explore the interactions between the 5ClAA-Schiff base and biomolecules such as DNA and BSA using in silico techniques. Results confirmed that the 5ClAA-Schiff base was inserted into DNA via a minor groove and into BSA with subdomain IIA. The antioxidant activity of the 5ClAA-Schiff base was also investigated in comparison with the compounds used as standard.
DIREITO LINGUÍSTICO-EDUCACIONAL PARA ALUNOS SURDOS E O “ALÉM-ACESSIBILIDADE”
Authors: Oliveira Martins Vanessa Regina de , Lopes Maura Corcini
Published: December 2024

Resumo Este artigo problematiza o impacto da lógica da acessibilidade na educação de surdos promovida pela política inclusiva, que reduz a expressividade e visualidade da língua de sinais a um instrumento de acesso ao conhecimento escolarizado. A análise dessa lógica foi realizada através de uma cartografia filosófica de documentos legais, fundamentada nas filosofias da diferença e nos estudos de Nancy Fraser sobre reconhecimento e redistribuição para a justiça social. Os resultados evidenciam a distinção entre acesso e direito linguístico-educacional, sublinhando a necessidade de uma política linguística que tenha impacto na educação, no sentido de reconhecer a dispersão territorial da comunidade surda e diferenciá-la das comunidades indígenas e de imigrantes.
SEMPRE ELAS? VALORES E DIVISÃO DO TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO EM PERSPECTIVA COMPARADA
Authors: Picanço Felícia , Covre-Sussai Maira , Sento-Sé Isadora Vianna , Araújo Clara
Published: December 2024

Resumo De que forma os valores de gênero e as práticas em relação ao trabalho doméstico variam segundo os contextos nacionais e as características dos indivíduos? Para responder a essa pergunta, o artigo analisa os dados do Family and Changing Gender Roles, do International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), elegendo as questões sobre os valores de gênero e práticas na divisão do trabalho doméstico de 41 países de diferentes continentes através de análise multinível. Os resultados indicam que gênero, escolaridade, horas trabalhadas, religião e religiosidade influenciam valores e práticas de gênero. Mas, enquanto o contexto nacional no qual as pessoas vivem afeta os valores de gênero, os países se mostram muito mais homogêneos no que se refere às práticas relacionadas à divisão sexual do trabalho.
A Study on Enhancing Global Competence Through Screen English
Authors: Ryu Do-Hyung
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the use of movies to teach communicative strategies (CSs) and enhance global competence. By focusing on the nature and goals of conversation, the study ties language learning to cultural awareness. The movie A Rainy Day in New York (Allen, 2019) was utilized with 57 college students over one semester. Students demonstrated a 60-70% understanding of CSs based on written test results and expressed interest in using movies to develop these strategies. Language areas like salience and composition showed that around 70% of students needed further acquisition of relevant language items. While teaching CSs through movies proved effective, 30% of students exhibited limited interest in CSs, storytelling, or language learning. Despite this, most participants supported using movies to develop conversational skills and engage with globalization. The 30% disinterest, though notable, did not entirely reflect negativity, as many still acknowledged the value of movie-based learning. Overall, this study highlights the potential of movies in fostering global competence, cultural awareness, and communicative skills. It also underscores the need to address varying levels of interest and engagement among learners for broader impact. The experiment was largely evaluated positively, supporting movies as a practical tool for language education.
Design and Application of a Gripping Apparatus for Torsion Testing of Aluminum/Composite Tubes
Authors: Okutan Mustafa Said , Genel Kenan
Published: December 2024

As is known, hybrid composite shafts with fibers and metals offer remarkable improvements in terms of mechanical performance, and research is still ongoing in this field. Due to the nature of torsional loading, it is seen that various holding apparatuses are applied for specimens of different diameters to test the specimen without slipping between the test jaws, especially for large parts. This study examines specimen types and connection elements used in torque tests, and a practical solution that can be used in universal testing machines is investigated. In this context, experiments were carried out for unreinforced aluminum tubes and [±452/Al] arrayed specimens using screw clamp connection and shape-bonded designs. It was found that reinforcement of the clamping region of the specimens with an additional layer in hybrid tubes is a preferable solution for shape-bonded connections
JYU.WELL hyvinvoinnin tutkimuksen viestinnän ja vaikuttavuuden kehittäjänä
Authors: Akselin Iida , Heiskanen Sofia , Kilpinen Aijaleena , Lehtonen Oona , Luotonen Joona , Pohjola Anna , Ratilainen Nelli , Rautiainen Ida , Ruohonen Teemu , Uusipaavalniemi Jenika
Published: December 2024

Tutkimuksen vaikuttavuus on noussut keskeiseksi keskustelunaiheeksi niin tieteellisen yhteisön kuin päätöksentekijöiden keskuudessa. Tiedeviestinnällä on merkittävä rooli tieteellisen tiedon saavutettavuuden parantamisessa, tutkimusten, tutkijoiden ja yliopistojen näkyvyyden lisäämisessä sekä yhteiskunnallisen vaikuttavuuden vahvistamisessa. Tässä raportissa tarkastellaan tiedeviestintää ja tutkimuksen vaikuttavuutta osana yhteiskunnallista vuorovaikutusta sekä viestinnän tarpeita, hyötyjä ja keinoja. Lisäksi käsitellään Jyväskylän yliopiston hyvinvoinnin tutkimuksen yhteisön JYU.Wellin roolia hyvinvoinnin tutkimuksen viestinnän ja vaikuttavuuden kehittäjänä. Julkaisu tarjoaa hyvinvoinnin tutkijoille ja muille tiedeviestinnästä kiinnostuneille tietoa ja konkreettisia ideoita viestinnän kehittämiseksi ja tutkimuksen vaikuttavuuden lisäämiseksi. Ideoita hyödyntämällä voidaan parantaa tutkijoiden viestintäosaamista, edistää tieteen ja yhteiskunnan välistä vuorovaikutusta sekä vahvistaa tieteellisen tiedon yhteiskunnallista vaikuttavuutta.
Procesos de innnovación en la gestión empresarial de los emprendimientos agroindustriales: caso incubadora de empresas MIDE
Authors: Gutiérrez Barranco Gelca , Mendoza Castro Martha Lucia , Ariza Ruiz Efren Danilo
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analizar los procesos de innovación en la gestión empresarial de los emprendimientos agroindustriales en la incubadora de empresas MIDE, para fortalecer la competitividad de pequeños productores en el Departamento del Cesar. Método: se utilizó un diseño de campo no experimental, transeccional y descriptivo, sin manipulación intencional de las variables. Se midieron y analizaron en sus condiciones naturales en una sola ocasión para entender su incidencia. La muestra incluyó a 25 emprendedores de la incubadora MIDE, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario sobre innovación en la gestión empresarial. Resultados: se identificó una escaza destreza en la implementación de estrategias de innovación en marketing, organización y producción por parte de los emprendedores del sector agroindustrial. Esta observación se contrastó con fuentes secundarias que destacan la importancia de la innovación para el éxito empresarial. Conclusiones: los resultados evidencian un bajo nivel de innovación en las tres dimensiones evaluadas, lo que limita la capacidad de los emprendimientos agroindustriales para mejorar su competitividad y lograr un desarrollo sostenible. A pesar de reconocer la importancia de la innovación, existe una brecha entre el conocimiento teórico y la aplicación práctica de estrategias innovadoras, lo que subraya la necesidad de fortalecer estos aspectos en futuras investigaciones.
Anti-Money Laundering and the "Beneficial Ownership" Amendments to South Africa's Companies Act 71 of 2008
Authors: Olivier Etienne , Nortje Windell
Published: December 2024

The "beneficial ownership" (BO) amendments to the Companies Act 71 of 2008 (the Companies Act 2008) were introduced in response to requirements set by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF). These amendments are just one part of a broader anti-money laundering (AML) framework introduced by South Africa in response to the country's much publicised recent "grey listing" by FATF. The amendments aim to provide useful information to law enforcement agencies about the natural persons that are the beneficial owners of companies. The South African AML legislative regime is comprehensive but lacks implementation and investigative skills largely due to the lack of expertise in money laundering detection in law enforcement agencies. Unfortunately, the amendments suffer from several defects as identified in this article. The definitions of "affected company" and "beneficial owner" are critiqued. In addition, the authors argue that the failure to create a criminal offence for failing to disclose BO information is a weakness in the Companies Act 2008's AML efforts. The impact of these disclosure obligations on small to medium enterprises is discussed and it is argued that the increased administrative burden and potential compliance costs need to be justified by a likelihood that the amendments will be effective in curbing money laundering in South Africa.
A Local, Continental (African) and International Overview of the Law as it relates (or tries to relate) to Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Authors: Van der Merwe Daniel
Published: December 2024

In this article, the author performs a philosophical and a comparative analysis of the new phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in a legal context. South Africa is in a a difficult position in adapting its legal system to such a radical change, having inherited both the Roman-Dutch law (a great part of its substantive law, especially Private Law), as well as English law (its entire Procedural Law as well as its Law of Evidence) from former colonial masters. One of the best international examples of specifically enacted AI law up to the present is that recently adopted by the European Union (EU). Unfortunately South Africa (RSA) will be forced to also have a close look at both the United Kingdom (UK) as well as the United States (USA) because the accusatorial system of procedure adopted by those countries is much closer to that applicable in the RSA. For the same reason, work done by the African Union (AU), being based mainly on the French inquisitorial model, is not ideally suited to former British colonies which are based on the British accusatorial model. Lay opinion on the future of AI, especially when allied with a powerful force (such as the Law), is also sharply divided. Perhaps because of science fiction hysteria, many citizens fear having their lives being over-regulated by inhuman machines. In the philosophical part of the present article some of these fears are addressed, mostly at the hand of  some commentary on the science fiction work of George Orwell, entitled "1984". Here Government, acting as "Big Brother", gains ingress to every household by means of a government-sponsored "two-way" . To the mind of the present author this is an excellent illustration of the conflicting claims for privacy and security that AI has brought about.
Szemelvények a limousin fajta hazai és nemzetközi kutatási eredményeiből
Authors: Vertséné Zándoki Rita , Kosztolányiné Szentléleki Andrea , Tőzsér János
Published: December 2024

A szerzők bemutatják a limousin fajtájú tenyészbika-jelöltek értékmérő tulajdonságai öröklődhetőségének számításával kapcsolatos hazai és külföldi eredményeket. A különböző vizsgálatokban, különböző tenyészetekben végzett számítások sokszor egymástól igen eltérő eredményt hoztak, amely felhívja a figyelmet arra, hogy a tenyésztői döntések során lehetőleg a saját, vagy ahhoz igen hasonló állományra számított öröklődhetőségi értékeket célszerű figyelembe venni. A közlemény második részében az elmúlt néhány év nemzetközi irodalmának rövid áttekintésére kerül sor a limousin fajtát illetően. Ezekből kiderül, hogy a kutatók és tenyésztők nagy hangsúlyt fektetnek a genomikus szelekciót támogató vizsgálatokra, illetve a genotípus x környezet interakciók elemzésére. Az értékmérők, illetve fajtaösszehasonlító vizsgálatok eredményei alátámasztják a limousin fajta előkelő helyét a húsmarhatenyésztésben. A kutatások bizonyítják a viselkedéssel, temperamentummal kapcsolatos értékelések szükségességét, és ennek helyét a szelekcióban és tenyésztői gyakorlatban.
Limousin tenyészbika-jelöltek központi sajátteljesítményvizsgálati eredményei
Authors: Tőzsér János , Szűcs Márton
Published: December 2024

A szerzők elemezték a limousin (n = 40) fajtatiszta tenyészbika-jelöltek teljesítményeit (2018- 2020). A tenyészbika-jelölteket kis csoportban (2-9) tartották a teszt állomáson, a takarmányozásuk ad libitum gyep szénára vagy lucerna szénára és adagolt abraktakarmányra alapozódott. Az elemzett jellemzők a következők voltak: elősúly a vizsgálat kezdetén és a végén, a napi súlygyarapodás a sajátteljesítmény-vizsgálat során (g/nap), a napi súlygyarapodás az életnapra vonatkoztatva (g/nap), négy testmérés (Pl. a marmagasság, far-3 szélesség, cm), 16 lineáris pontozási eredmény (pl. felső vonal, farlejtés, lábak, pontszám) és genomikai pontszámok (GP) 8 tulajdonságra (pl. könnyű ellés, növekedési erély, izomoltság, pontszám). Az adatokat az SPSS 18. programcsomaggal dolgozták fel (klaszter-analízis, két-mintás T-próba, Mann-Whitney U-teszt). Az 5. klaszter (marmagasság) a többi paramétertől elkülönülten jelenik meg, megerősítve ennek a tulajdonságnak a gyakorlati jelentőségét. A genomikai pontszámok tekintetében figyelemre méltó, hogy az izomoltsági pontszám (3. klaszter) különbözött az 1., 5., 2., 4., 6., 8., 7. klasztertől, amelyeket egy csoportba soroltak. A nagy végső testtömegű (≥600 kg) tenyészbika jelöltek szélesebbek és magasabbak, valamint a farizmoltságuk is kedvezőbb, mint kortársaiké.
Adatok a Duna menti Festuca dominálta homoki gyepek biomassza és beltartalmi értékeihez
Authors: Fűrész Attila , Balogh Dániel , Pajor Ferenc , Péter Norbert , Kiss Tímea , Penksza Károly
Published: December 2024

A Festuca fajok a pannon vegetáció fontos gyepalkotói, továbbá a szélsőséges körülményekkel jellemezhető élőhelyek meghatározó tagjai. A szálas levelű vagy úgynevezett apró csenkeszek (Festuca) élőhelyei gyenge termőképességű gyepeket alkotnak, mindemellett ezek az élőhelyek jelentős természetvédelmi értéket képviselnek. Jelentőségük a klímaváltozással párhuzamosan a száraz élőhelyek potenciális terjedésével feltehetően nőni fog. Célként tűztük ki a Dunát követve a Kárpát-medence északnyugati részétől, Kisalföldtől kiindulva a Kárpát-medence központi, nagy, kiterjedt homoki hátságán át, (ahol 3 részre, északi, középső és déli részre bontva) a legdélibb, Deliblát területéig, valamint a Kárpátok vonalán átlépve a Román-alföldig és Bulgáriáig, 37 mintaterület takarmánymintáinak begyűjtését és feldolgozását.
A vágásminták weendei analízise a Szent István Egyetem Takarmányozástani Tanszékének laboratóriumában történt. Meghatároztuk azok eredeti szárazanyag-tartalmát, a nyersfehérje, a nyerszsír és a nyersrost tartalmát az MSZ-6830 sz. szabvány szerint, illetve Harris et al. (1972) és NRC (1989) alapján, továbbá mértünk rostfrakciókat is (NDF, ADF, ADL). A mintákat a domináns Festuca fajok alapján osztályoztuk, ezen belül két mintatípussal dolgoztunk és külön értékeltünk tiszta Festuca mintákat és külön velük együtt előforduló fajokkal kevert mintákat.
A Festuca vaginata abszolút szárazanyag-tartalom értékei minden minta esetében magasak voltak, de némi emelkedés mutatkozott a déli terület felé haladva, ahol a legmagasabb értékek a delibláti (DFv) mintánál adódtak 500 mg/kg feletti értékekkel. A nyersfehérje értékei alacsonyak voltak, és egyik esetben sem érték el a 100 mg/kg értékhatárt. A nyerszsír mennyisége mutatta a legkisebb értékeket csak 18-25 mg/kg között mozgott. A nyersrost mennyiségben jelentős eltérések nem mutatkoztak a mintaterületek között, értéke 300 mg/kg körül alakult. Ezzel ellentétben a rostfrakció arányaiban voltak eltérések. Általánosan elmondható, hogy a legmagasabb értékeket a rostfrakcióból a NDF (neutrális detergens rost) adatai matatták, 500 mg/kg körül. Az ADF (savdetergens rost) rost mennyisége magasabb volt a Duna-Tisza közi mintáknál (Szigetmonostror/SzFv, Homoktövis TT/HFv), és újra csökkent dél felé haladva. Hasonló értékek figyeltünk meg az ADL (savdetergens lignin) mennyisége tekintetében is.
Összességében tehát az elemzett minták alapján a szárazanyagban a déli területek felé haladva egy növekvő tendencia követhető. A vizsgált öt Festuca faj és az általuk alkotott gyepi minták között is jelentős különbségeket igazoltunk. A vizsgált gyepek beltartalmi értékek alapján kisebb kérődző fajok számára alkalmas takarmány bázist jelentenek, és ezen belül a Festuca wagneri bizonyultak a legalkalmasabbnak legeltetésre.
A hőtűrés javítására irányuló egyes szarvasmarha keresztezések és jelentőségük a világ szarvasmarhatartásában
Authors: Libis-Márta Krisztina , Bócsi Balázs , Szalai Szilvia , Varga Ferenc Bence , Pajor Ferenc , Kovács Levente , Bodnár Ákos
Published: December 2024

A szarvasmarha-tenyésztés a világon az egyik legjelentősebb állattenyésztési ágazat. Ahhoz, hogy a nagy arányban növekvő emberiség szükségleteit kielégítse, a mezőgazdaság ezen szegmensének is jelentősen kell fejlődnie. Az ágazatnak ezzel egyidőben a globális felmelegedés okozta nehézségekhez is alkalmazkodnia kell, legfőképpen a földi klíma átlaghőmérsékletének hosszú távú megemelkedéséhez. A trópusi-szubtrópusi országokban az egyes szarvasmarha (Bos taurus) fajták alkalmazkodó képességének javítása érdekében zebu alfajjal (Bos indicus) történtek keresztezések, figyelembe véve a hasznosítási irányt és a helyi adottságokat. Ma már több sikeres keresztezési programról tudunk, mint például a tejtermelő girolando fajta, továbbá a brahman zebu fajtával történő keresztezések eredményei más húsmarha fajtákkal. Tanulmányunk célja azoknak a hőtűrés javítása érdekében kialakított fontosabb keresztezéseknek a bemutatása, amelyek már ma is nagy jelentőséggel bírnak a Föld melegégövi területein.
Determination of elements level in sheep milk from two regions of Slovakia and health risk assessment of its consumption
Authors: Almášiová Simona , Toman Róbert , Pšenková Martina , Tančin Vladimir , Jančo Ivona
Published: December 2024

Milk as a nutritional dense component of diet plays a tremendous role in building a healthy society. However, due to environmental pollution, milk can contain heavy metals and trace elements as well which can threaten human health. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the content of 22 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Zn) in raw sheep milk collected from the area with potentially undisturbed environment (region Stredné Považie) and area with the heavily disturbed environment (region Spiš) in Slovakia. Analysis of the elements was determined using an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer with axial plasma configuration and with auto-sampler SPS-3. Concentrations of only 8 elements (Ca, Na, K, Mg, Al, Fe, Li, and Zn) were found above the detection limit in samples from the potentially undisturbed area, while a whole range of elements was found in samples from the area with heavily disturbed region except three elements (Ag, Cd, and Co) which were below the limit of detection. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of Na, K, and Zn were found in the Spiš region. The highest concentration of four essential elements Ca, K, Mg, Na, and toxic element Al in samples of sheep milk was found. The hazard index (HI) values were higher than 1 in samples from both monitored farms (6.57 from the farm in the Spiš region and 4.95 in the Stredné Považie region). The highest target hazard quotient (THQ) represents the presence of Al (3.95 and 4.92) in both regions and As (2.17) in the Spiš region. THQ of other monitored elements was less than 1, which means these elements would unlikely cause adverse health effects. Our results indicate that exclusive and long-term consumption of milk from spotted farms can potentially lead to adverse non-carcinogenic health effects due to regular intake of heavy metals, especially Al and As, which can be hazardous mainly for risky groups.
Az átlagos beltenyésztettség kétféle módon való meghatározása a gyimesi racka példáján keresztül
Authors: Kárpáti Edina , Gáspárdy András , Sáfár László , Gulyás László
Published: December 2024

A gyimesi racka a racka-csoportba tartozó juhoknak az Erdélyben tenyésztett változata. Az 1990-es évek elején újra betelepítették Magyarországra (akkor még csak kis egyedszámban), majd a következő években néhány nagyobb tenyészállatimportnak köszönhetően a fajta hazai létszáma megnövekedett. A gyimesi racka anyajuhok törzskönyvezett állománya ma közel 1000 egyedből áll. A szerzők az egyedek Wright-féle beltenyésztési együtthatóját (Coefficient of Inbreeding – COI) a Pedigree Viewer szoftver segítségével becsülték meg a teljes törzskönyvi adatok alapján (2005-től 2020-ig). Majd, az átlagos beltenyésztettségi együtthatókat az alapértékeken és a normalizálás érdekében transzformált értékeken is meghatározták. A teljes törzskönyvi populáció (n=16947) átlagos COI együtthatója az alapértékeken számítva 1,99% volt, szemben a beltenyésztett egyedek részpopulációjának magasabb értékével (n=3828, 8,81%). Az anyai nemzedékek számának növekedésével a COI szignifikánsan (P<0,001) nő a teljes törzskönyvi populációban (a nyolcadik nemzedékben már 10,72%), míg a beltenyésztett egyedek csoportjában a COI inkább stagnál a 8 és 10% közötti tartományban, bár az ANOVA generációk közötti szignifikáns különbségeket igazol. A logtranszformációval kapott korrigált súlyozott átlag és mértani átlag alacsonyabb értéteket vesz fel (1,43% és 6,30%). Úgy gondoljuk, hogy ezek az alacsonyabb értékek nem csak kedvezőbbek, de a csoportok átlagát megbízhatóbban jellemzőek is, mert azokat a normális eloszlást jobban megközelítő adatbázison kaptuk. A számított COI értékek alapján a mai gyimesi racka állomány homozigozitása emelkedett mértékűnek tekinthető, ami a jövőbeni gondosabb párosításra hívja fel a figyelmet.
SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF DIFFERENT ORTHODONTIC BRACKET BONDING SYSTEMS ON SALIVA- CONTAMINATED ENAMEL: IN VITRO
Authors: Gonçalves Cíntia Moreira , Silva Vitor Rodrigues da , Pecorari Vanessa Gallego Arias , Martins Luís Roberto Marcondes , Santos Eduardo César Almada
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets with different adhesive systems without and with saliva contamination. One hundred and twenty bovine teeth were selected. The experimental design consisted of three bonding systems: 1. Transbond Color Change (TPCC) (3M, Sumaré, São Paulo, Brazil) orthodontic composite resin and Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer (SEP) (3M, Sumaré, São Paulo, Brazil), 2. BracePaste Adhesive (BP) (American Orthodontics) orthodontic composite resin, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil) and BracePaste MTP primer (BPMTP) (American Orthodontics, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil) and 3. Fuji Ortho LC (FO)  (GC,Tokyo, Japão) cement resin-modified glass ionomer cement. For each material, the brackets were cemented to the bovine enamel in two conditions, dry or contaminated by saliva, and photoactivated for a total of 12 seconds by the Valo light-curing device (Ultradent, Indaiatuba, São Paulo). The specimens were stored for 24 hours and aged by thermocycling for 10.000 cycles. The specimens were submitted to the shear bond strength (SBS) test (n=10). The results were subjected to a three-factor analysis of variance and the ionomer material was analyzed separately using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (ɑ = 0.05). After RUC, all the materials showed a decrease in bond strength when contaminated by saliva, but the BP system showed greater bond strength in all conditions, followed by TCC. FO showed lower bond strength when thermocycled. Saliva contamination reduces bond strength in all bonding systems.
Care and Cleaning of OGI BioReactor pH Probes v2
Authors: Galdi Francesca
Published: December 2024

This is the protocol for the care and cleaning of your OGI BioReactor pH Module Probes.
Situational status of antibiotic resistance of E. coli in the Escalerilla WWTP, Arequipa, Peru
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa, Yanqui-Morales Isaac , León-Vásquez Ricardo ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa, Saqra Kusisqa ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa, DelCha Danitza ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa, Aguirre Renzo ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa
Published: December 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, a notable increase in self-medication with antibiotics has been observed, raising concerns about the increase in bacterial resistance. In this context, we evaluated the situation in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) using biochemical methods and sensitivity tests, such as the Kirby-Bauer assay. The results of our study show a high sensitivity to antibiotics in most of the strains analyzed, particularly towards β-lactams. However, this sensitivity appears to be influenced by seasonal patterns of medication consumption, supported by studies indicating that its contribution to the total flow is minimal. We analyzed 49 strains of Escherichia coli, 27% of which showed no resistance to any antibiotic, while the highest resistance was observed against tetracycline (63%). High levels of resistance to fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, were also recorded. In contrast, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam showed minimal resistance, with only one strain resistant to each. Multiresistance, defined as resistance to at least two antibiotics, was identified in 35% of the strains, with two of them showing resistance to 8 and 10 antibiotics, respectively.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF RELIGIOUS FAITH IN THE SERMONS OF CHARLES SPURGEON
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SARAPIN Alexander
Published: December 2024

The article offers an analysis of Charles Spurgeon's sermons, thematically ordered under the heading "religious faith". Theconfessiocentrism in Charles Spurgeon's understanding of religious faith is called into question. On the contrary, Charles Spurgeon's commitment to using a broad identification of the concept of "Baptism" is noted. The features of his homiletics arerevealed, the methodological guideline of which is phenomenologism. The paradoxical nature of his perception of the concepts of "faith" and "religious faith" is stated. On the one hand, we are talking about identifying three forms of faith in the context of a person's actualization of something potential. Charles Spurgeon considers religious faith to be the highest form among them. On the other hand, in his sermons there is a semantic convergence of the concepts of "faith" and "religious faith". In the perspective of discovering the cognitive potential of religious faith, the description of its structural components proposed by Charles Spurgeon is revealed (knowledge – belief – trust). Particular attention is paid to Charles Spurgeon's identification of trust in the Savior, actualized through its unique forms ("clinging to Christ", "dependence on another superior to us", "faith which grows out of love"). An analysis of the structural components of religious faith allows us to assert the Christocentrism characteristic of Charles Spurgeon. The importance for Charles Spurgeon of such cognitive guarantors of religious faith as mind and heart, associated with obedience to Christ, is demonstrated. For him, obedience to Christ contributes to the achievement of the righteousness that comes from faith. The Christocentrism noticeable in Charles Spurgeon's sermons is also a criterion for a person's justification by faith. The features of Charles Spurgeon's phenomenological approach applied by him to contextual identifications of religious faith are summarized.
REASONS AND CONTENT OF PROTOPRESBYTER GAVRYIL KOSTELNYK'S CRITICISM OF CATHOLICISM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, STETSIAK Ioann
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . The intellectual legacy of protopresbyter Gavryil Kostelnyk is notable for its significant influence on the religious thought of early 20th-century Ukraine. His works reflect deep engagement with a range of theological and social issues. A key turning point in his career occurred in 1925 after his visit to Rome, which shifted his focus from critiquing atheism and socialism to examining Catholicism critically. Before this, Kostelnyk had raised concerns about the theological dependence of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) on the Vatican. His opposition to Catholicism was further shaped by the "Easterners", a movement within the UGCC advocating the preservation of Orthodox traditions. This research aims to analyze Kostelnyk's theological transformation, focusing on his call for a return to undivided Christianity and his role in the 1946 Lviv Council.

M e t h o d s . The research is based on a comprehensive methodological approach, incorporating both historical-biographical analysis and textual criticism of Kostelnyk's works. Primary sources include archival materials and published works by Kostelnyk, such as his well-known writings "The New Era of Our Church", "The Dispute on the Epiclesis Between East and West", and "The Revival of the Church".

Results. The research shows that Kostelnyk's 1925 trip to Rome profoundly influenced his shift toward Orthodox theology. His critique of Catholicism intensified, positioning Orthodoxy as the true representation of Christianity. Kostelnyk's writings consistently advocated for the UGCC to abandon Catholic innovations and return to pre-schism traditions. His participation in the Lviv Council of 1946, which led to the reunification of the Galician Metropolitanate with the Orthodox Church, marked the culmination of his efforts. Despite Vatican opposition, his theological works continued to shape religious discourse in the region.

C o n c l u s i o n s . Gavryil Kostelnyk's journey from a reformer within the UGCC to a proponent of Orthodoxy underscores his dedication to restoring the original Christian doctrine. His critical analysis of Catholicism played a central role in theological debates and significantly contributed to the processes leading to the 1946 Lviv Council. Kostelnyk's legacy remains influential in discussions about the identity of the UGCC and its place within the broader Christian tradition.
DEFORMATION OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE PAST IN RUSSIA AS A PRECEDENT FOR WAR WITH UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, MINENKO Andrii
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . One of the main reasons for Russia's war with Ukraine is the deformation of the mechanisms of perception of the past and social memory. The Russian memorial paradigm is based on a systematic reminder of the traumas caused by different wars, including World War II. Russia's memorial discourse represents only those experiences that help shape monumental history. Therefore, the task was set to find out the specifics of monumental history. This concept was developed by the famous German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. In the second part of the cycle "Untimely Meditations" – "On the Uses and Misuses of History for Life" the philosopher discusses the problem of memory. It is important to understand how the reproduction of the Russian monumental metanarrative functions in societies. The American sociologist Paul Connerton has described in detail the specifics of the process of metanarrative transfer in societies. In his work "How Societies Remember" he analyzed the methods of generating social memory.

M e t h o d s . We have applied general scientific methods of analyzing the mentioned sources. The French phenomenological methodology was used to provide a conceptual connection between the concepts of "habit-memory" and "monumental history", which allowed to identify deformations in the Russian paradigm of perception of the past.

R e s u l t s . As a result, it was determined that the Russian Federation is triggered to war by a perception of the past deformed by trauma, as noted by Friedrich Nietzsche and Paul Connerton. This deformation is the lack of the plastic power of remembrance, the impossibility of critically thinking through one's own memorial paradigm, and communicating with the memorial paradigms of others. Friedrich Nietzsche also noted the importance of the balance of three types of history: monumental, antique, and critical. In Russia, this balance has been off, with monumental history dominating the other types and stimulating wars. Analyzing and synthesizing the ideas of Nietzsche and Connerton, it was found that monumental history is reproduced through habit-memory through commemoration ceremonies and bodily practices.

C o n c l u s i o n s . The way we interpret the past is very important for the functioning of society and determines its politics. An important means of helping to change the dependence on the monumental past is the plastic power of memory.
FROM THE MYSTICAL ΑΓΆΠΗ THE INTELLECTUAL AMOR / CARITAS: THE TRANSFORMATION OF CONCEPTS IN THE BRIDAL MYSTICISM OF THE XII CENTURY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SAVYNSKA Inna
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . The article is mainly devoted to the conception of intellectual love in the tradition of the Bridal mysticism of the XII century. This investigation shows that theologia mystica of Bernard of Clairvaux, William of Saint Thierry and Richard of Saint-Victor was formed under the influence of the conception of a mystical agape and metaphorical language of the Song of Songs by the Fathers of the Church. Moreover, it was also stressed that the spiritual sources of intellectual love came from Augustine's Neoplatonic tradition. His work "The Trinity" made polysemantic caritas the central notion for the Bridal mystics in the XII century who used it to describe Divine and human love.

M e t h o d s . This investigation used a descriptive method to demonstrate the genesis of the concept of love in the tradition of the early Fathers of the Church and Bridal mystics of the XII century. It also applied textual analysis to explicate the conceptual link between different meanings of love in the works of the Bridal mystics.

R e s u l t s . This study underlined that St. Bernard of Clairvaux, William of Saint-Thierry and Richard of Saint-Victor worked out the conception of the intellectual love (amor / caritas) that is an extension of the concept of the mystical agape by the Fathers of the Church.

C o n c l u s i o n . It was concluded that the Bridal mystics of the XII century often used notions of amor and caritas as synonyms in their texts when they wrote about recognising God through the perfect love – virtue charity or a strong love – amor fortis in the human soul. However, their concept of epistemic love: caritas intellectualis or amor rationalis also impacted the works of the Flemish and German mystics in the XIII-XIV centuries.
THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF RELIGIOUS IDENTIFICATION OF THE ANCIENT ROMANS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ROMA Andrianna
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . This article is intended to be a comprehensive study of the peculiarities of religious identification of Romans in the context of social stratification and social differentiation. It is an attempt to reconstruct the ancient Roman way of life and its impact on religious life, how it changed depending on the social group, and the characteristic features of attitudes towards religion inherent in each of them. The article also shows the role of other factors that shaped the variability of the perception of religion in Roman society, in particular, political, economic and cultural factors.

M e t h o d s . The article examines different approaches to the coverage of this issue by leading researchers of Roman religion in the fields of religious studies, history and cultural studies, as the answers to the questions lie at the intersection of these disciplines.

R e s u l t s . The study of the religious identification of representatives of equal layers of the population of Ancient Rome demonstrates a complex and versatile interdependence between the belief system and the social hierarchy, components that were deeply rooted in the social fabric of Rome. It also shows how people interacted with religion depending on their social class: from supporting temples and elite participation in state cults to worshiping deities popular among the lower classes. By highlighting the multifaceted nature of religious identification in the context of social stratification, this study contributes to a much deeper understanding of the social and cultural life of ancient Rome. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of social differentiation in Rome, their influence on the formation of norms of private life and everyday life, as well as the relationship between the individual and the collective in the context of the religious life of the Romans. Moreover, the influence of social status on religious preferences is indicated: which gods were patronised by wealthy and poor groups, and how this circle of deities changed depending on social changes. The author identifies a range of characteristics that embody the general attitude of the Romans to religion and determine the peculiarities of their religious identification.

C o n c l u s i o n s . The study conducted highlights the religious identification of the Romans within the context of social stratification and differentiation, demonstrating the multilayered relationship between religious beliefs and social hierarchy. Roman society was consolidated around the idea of collective state welfare, with religion, which was intricately intertwined with other socially significant institutions, serving as both an ideological source and a social regulator. The influence of social status on religious preferences reflects how deeply religious beliefs were embedded in the daily lives of Romans and how these beliefs shaped both individual and collective identity.
Rodrigo Francisco Vieira y su escuela. La escultura ligera en Minas Gerais
Authors: Da Silva Vargas Lorena , Porras Gil María Concepción
Published: December 2024

En los años 1990 fue encontrado, en el estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), específicamente en la región de Campo das Vertentes, un grupo de imágenes realizadas en los siglos XVIII y XIX utilizando como materia la tela encolada. La autoría de las piezas se atribuye al taller del escultor portugués Rodrigo Francisco Vieira (1712-1792), afincado en la región, quien desarrollaría, al que todo indica, la única escuela brasileña dedicada al arte de la tela encolada. Durante mucho tiempo, se ha buscado relacionar la existencia en América de esculturas obradas con elementos triviales con ciertas prácticas autóctonas. Sin embargo, en el caso brasileño, esta “polimateria” toma sus influencias a nivel técnico directamente del contexto europeo, donde este tipo de esculturas tuvieron una notable acogida como resultado de su rápida producción y asequible coste. Los fundamentos técnicos identificados en la elaboración de las imágenes mineiras nos llevan directamente al tratado del padre portugués Ignacio da Piedade Vasconcellos, Artefactos symmetriacos e geométricos, advertidos e descobertos pela industriosa perfeição das Artes, Esculturaria, Architectonica, e da Pintura, publicado en 1733, a partir del cual Vieira tomaría contacto con la técnica y transferiría el arte a las “tierras del oro”.
Estudio del dibujo subyacente de Fernando Yáñez de Almedina a través de cuatro tablas del Museu de Belles Arts de València
Authors: Aliaga Morell Joan , Franco Llopis Borja , Ramon Marques Nuria
Published: December 2024

Las obras de los Hernandos en general, y las de Fernando Yánez de Almedina en particular, han sido analizadas desde múltiples puntos de vista, pero aún queda pendiente un estudio de sus dibujos subyacentes. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar que el estudio detallado de estos dibujos puede ser clave para entender el proceso creativo del artista conquense. Al someter las cuatro tablas conservadas en el Museu de Belles Arts de València a la fotografía infrarroja, ha sido posible identificar algunas técnicas que satisfacían las necesidades formales y expresivas de los artistas. También muestran una cierta versatilidad hasta ahora no detectada en la transposición de la idea preliminar a la pintura final, lo que contribuye a comprender la identidad artística de este pintor.
Nuevas arquitecturas en el paisaje gallego: Antonio Tenreiro Brochón y el poblado hidroeléctrico de Os Peares
Authors: Fernández Martínez Carla
Published: December 2024

A partir de los años 50 del siglo XX, la modernidad arquitectónica se fue introduciendo en Galicia, gracias a una generación de arquitectos que se desligaron de los lenguajes historicistas. Uno de los pioneros fue Antonio Tenreiro Bochón quien, con una formación eclética, proyectó multitud de tipologías y soluciones formales: desde viviendas unifamiliares a instalaciones fabriles o deportivas, entre otras. Concretamente, en las páginas que siguen se muestra un estudio sobre su trabajo dentro del equipo de técnicos encargados de la construcción de grandes embalses y presas en los ríos gallegos, especialmente en las cuencas Miño y Sil. Aunque el artículo se centra en el caso concreto de Os Peares, se pretende mostrar su aportación en la conformación de los nuevos paisajes y modelos de vida que generaron las centrales hidroeléctricas en Galicia.