bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF USING BIOORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON LEAFLESS PEA VARIETIES
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, ARZHENOVSKAYA YU.B.
Published: January 2025

Recently, the safety of agricultural products has become a rather relevant aspect. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of biological preparations. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of using bioorganic fertilizers on leafless varieties of peas. The article presents the results of research into the effect of bioorganic fertilizers on the productivity elements of pea varieties. Pea seeds were treated with the studied preparations before sowing and during vegetation. The elements of the crop structure were analyzed, the yield of varieties was taken into account, and the quality of seeds was assessed by protein content. In 2022, the varieties formed 2.76 beans per plant, and in 2023, which was favorable in terms of precipitation, they got 7.00 beans per plant. On the average for two years, the Kameleon variety formed the largest number of beans on the control (5.43 pcs.), the Astronavt variety treated with the ProRostim preparation formed 6.76 beans, and the Lump variety treated with the RutMost and SemyaStart preparations formed 7.04 beans. The Lump variety should be emphasized. When treated with the RutMost and SemyaStart preparations it formed on average 4.16 seeds per pod. The ProRostim preparation and the RutMost and SemyaStart preparations contributed to the formation of the highest number of seeds per plant in the Astronavt variety – 21.83 and 20.41 seeds, respectively. The varieties formed the higher mass of 1000 seeds in the conducted experiment (249.78 g) in the favorable 2023. Positive increases in yield were observed only in 2023, when all the varieties had higher yields than the standard Aksayskiy usatiy 5 variety. Among the studied preparations, ProRostim provided the highest yield increases (the excess over the control was +0.36 t/ha in 2022, +0.71 t/ha in 2023). The highest protein content in seeds, averaged over two years, was observed in the Astronavt variety (29.32%) treated with the RutMost and SemyaStart preparations.
THE VALIDITY DOMAIN OF SATELLITE ALTIMETRY DATA FOR VALIDATION OF ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIMATION WIND WAVE HEIGHT
Authors: Ezhova E. A. , Gavrikov A. V. , Tilinina N. D.
Published: January 2025

Satellite altimetry stands as one of the paramount sources of information regarding significant wave height, primarily due to its global coverage and near real-time availability. This study evaluates the radius of the quasihomogenity region of the eind waves field is estimated based on in situ and altimetry measurements. In situ data were collected during five marine expeditions utilizing drifting wave buoys (Spotter) and the Sea Vision radar system. Ten altimetric missions (Level 3) provided by CMEMS, as well as ERA5 reanalysis of wind speed, were processed. The outcome of the study is an assessment of the maximum radius circle centered on the satellite measurement point, within which the wave field can be considered homogeneous, enabling the use of altimetry data as reference for comparison with other data sources, as well as a methodology for refining this estimate taking into account the heterogeneity of the wind field.
Prosodic realization of Focus in the Albanian language
Authors: Jakupi Qëndresa
Published: January 2025

Prosodic tools have been treated as main elements for focus marking in different languages. Among them, stress is assumed to have a key role in the realization of focus. Researchers such as Selkirk (1995) assume that focus realization occurs when stress interacts with syntactic and phonological components. However, researchers such as Truckenbrodt (1999), Samek-Lodovici (2005; 2006), Féry (2013; 2016), Lee (2013), Yan et al. (2022) disagree with his hypothesis as, according to them, focus is realized through interactions between prosodic structure, syntactic structure, stress, and information structure. According to the latter, this realization of focus can be explained through three constraints: align XP, wrap XP, and stress-focus, which arose from Optimality Theory. Therefore, in order to investigate the prosodic realization of focus in the Albanian language, we will rely on these notions of limitations to see the interactions of different linguistic domains in the realization of informative and emphatic focus through emphasis in our corpus, which consists of: match commentary Albania vs Serbia (2014) and the broadcast Pressing (May 30, 2022). The method used in this work is based on the analysis of the Optimality Theory of sentence stress which integrates insights from the generative linguistics, through which interactions between focus prominence and phrases are highlighted. The results provide evidence that the interactions of these syntactic and prosodic constraints influence the Albanian speaker to realize the focus in different positions within the sentence.
Discursive use of modality in RT’s coverage of Russia’s war on Ukraine
Authors: Matseliukh Ihor
Published: January 2025

The current article looks into various types of modality use through the prism of critical discourse analysis strategies in the coverage of Russia’s war against Ukraine by the international news provider RT. It aims to uncover how discursive practices, in the name of the Russian state ideology, govern the choice of modality means and explain their dependence on and relevance to the news stories, actors, circumstances within the broader field of representation. The corpus for this article was compiled on RT’s website within one week from July 17th to 24th, 2024, almost two and a half years into Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. It consists of 93 news stories of Ukraine related content comprising 41,418 words and containing different types of modality, occasionally with references to alternative sources, in order to assess and uncover the biased ideological practices on the RT channel. Epistemic modality with its divisional kinds along with the modality of negativity is uncovered; as well as deontic modality, which reflects the ideology of RT‘s propagandistic narratives centered around Western states positioned against Russia’s friendly nations. Conflicting tendencies of factive and emotional reporting are discerned. Quantitative results have been arrived at resorting to both the percentage format and a Mann-Whitney U test, taking into account a similar corpus on the Venezuela crisis of 2019-2020. Modality implementation and distribution provides insight into the RT’s propaganda techniques. The article redirects critical discourse analysis towards news consumption, raising awareness of the readership and enhancing news literacy.
Gender-specific anxiety in Jordanian EFL settings: Findings from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale
Authors: Rababah Luqman , Almwajeh Motasim
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the differing gender-based levels of anxiety that male and female students at Jadara University, Jordan, experience, utilizing the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) to highlight gender disparities in the impact of anxiety on learning. The FLCAS classifies the levels of students at Jadara University and decides whether or not there are statistically significant variations at the level of probability (0.05) in the levels of FLCA among undergraduate students due to gender and the academic level of the students. For the purpose of investigating this topic in Jordan, and more specifically at Jadara University, a descriptive analysis methodology was applied to conduct an empirical investigation into the various types and levels of FLCA on a sample of two hundred undergraduate students. When compared to their male counterparts, the female students, as suggested by the research results, exhibited much higher levels of anxiety when it came to learning a foreign language. Eventually and after conducting an analysis of the findings of the research, the searchers propose that a method of eliminating or controlling anxiety in the classroom should be implemented in order to boost the academic level of the students, as anxiety hinders learning a foreign language and affects students’ overall performance. Further, the limitations of the study as well as its relevance to English literature courses in particular and to the EFL classroom in general are evaluated and addressed. Thus, establishing a secure environment for students to engage in foreign language practice is essential for the process of language acquisition or learning.
Disclosure Statement
The authors reported no potential conflicts of interest.
Determination of Leading Fruit Commodities in the Horticulture Subsector in Gresik Regency
Authors: Rizqy Mohammad , Setyadi Taufik , Indah Harya Gyska
Published: January 2025

Agriculture remains a crucial sector as it is interconnected with various aspects, particularly the horticulture subsector, which is increasingly favored by farmers due to its relatively shorter harvest periods, especially for vegetables and fruits. This subsector holds a vital position as a promising agricultural product to be developed, and its growth is expected to boost the local economy and contribute to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Gresik Regency. The government has prioritized the development of horticulture agribusiness, particularly fruit production, as it can enhance community income. This study aims to analyze the leading commodities in the fruit horticulture subsector that serve as base and non-base sectors in Gresik Regency, identifying their current and future positions. Using secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, the study applies Location Quotient (LQ) and Delta Location Quotient (?LQ) methods to classify the potential of commodities into four categories: stars, mature, emerging, and transforming. Based on the analysis, water apple is identified as a "star" commodity, mango and rambutan fall into the "mature" category, starfruit, guava, pomelo, mangosteen, papaya, banana, soursop, and Breadfruit are in the "emerging" category. At the same time, avocado, durian, and mandarin orange are classified as "transforming" commodities.
Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 1: No PovertySDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate Action
Analyzing Educational Relationships Using AI-Teacher Collaboration Model : A Virtual Scenario-Based Study
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Hong Ji-Woong , Hwang Su-Jeong
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the effect of introducing artificial intelligence (AI) technology on the teacher-student relationship and educational human relationships and proposes an AI-teacher collaboration model to support the holistic development of learners. The importance of human interaction is explained based on Buber’s theory of the “I-Thou” and “I-It” relationships, and the qualitative improvement of interactions in an AI-based learning environment is discussed based on Dewey’s empirical educational theory. AI provides real-time analysis of learning data and customizes feedback, thus facilitating teachers in supporting emotional scaffolding and comprehensive learning to promote learning motivation and engagement. Through a virtual-scenario analysis, this study empirically examines whether the AI-teacher collaboration can maximize learners’ self-directed learning and educational performance. The results suggest that AI-teacher collaboration is key to the future paradigm shift in education.
Aryl-2-Thioxo-4-Thiazolidinones as HIF-2α Inhibitors
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Lee Hyosung
Published: January 2025

HIF-2α is a transcription factor that is activated under hypoxic conditions and promotes the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis. It plays crucial roles in the pathophysiological processes of various diseases, which indicates that targeting HIF-2α would be a valid approach for developing therapeutic agents for related diseases. In this study, a small chemical library, comprising various aryl-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone analogues, was screened for compounds with inhibitory activities against HIF-2α in cultured HTB94 cells. A chemical compound with an aryl-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone structure was found to exhibit considerable inhibitory activity. HRE and HIF-2α were introduced into the cells via transfection and adenoviral infection, respectively, and luciferase reporter gene assay was performed for each chemical compound in the library. Subsequently, three compounds were found to exhibit remarkable inhibitory activities against HIF-2α. The screened inhibitors represent effective tools for HIF-2α-related studies and may serve as drug candidates for related diseases.
Saquarema em Verso e Prosa
Authors: Miranda Thays Xavier Campos de
Published: January 2025

Saquarema em Verso e Prosa é um livro composto de versos e contos que falam da cidade de Saquarema cidade situada no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Incorporación de nuevas fuentes para la reconstrucción del discurso histórico para el IPN
Authors: Ortiz Morales Andrés
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo muestra que el discurso histórico elaborado al interior de una institución del Estado mexicano, en este caso por el Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), proporciona una área amplia de trabajo de reconstrucción histórica, pues las intenciones, las estructuras, las acciones de los actores, los valores, las prácticas administrativas, la formación de grupos académicos, los antagonismos y un vasto etcétera son incentivos para la elaboración de nuevas preguntas que requieren explicación del historiador. Se muestra cómo fuentes primarias que no habían sido consideradas, o que lo habían sido de modo superficial al momento de desarrollar un discurso histórico y legitimador, tienen el potencial de fundamentar explicaciones más ricas del pasado, considerando el momento y los contextos en que ocurrieron los hechos, las intenciones de los protagonistas y las de quienes construyeron el discurso histórico. La argumentación toma por objeto una dependencia que tiene como funciones sustantivas la educación e investigación en ciencias duras (física, química, matemáticas) y que por ley debe garantizar la preservación de su memoria histórica; esta disposición abre la puerta a una vasta interacción con otras dependencias, como el Archivo General de la Nación, resultando en atractivas líneas de trabajo archivístico e histórico. Se explora una de ellas, la búsqueda e incorporación de documentación histórica referente a los primeros años de existencia del IPN en el repositorio institucional: el Archivo Histórico del IPN.
Sosialisasi Seminar Kepenulisan Karya Ilmiah untuk Mengembangkan Kreativitas dan Inovasi Siswa MAN 1 Malang
Authors: Ardiansyah Ahmad Irfan , Putri Wahyu Endah Adhella
Published: January 2025

Kepenulisan karya ilmiah merupakan kegiatan akademik yang esensial bagi pengembangan kreativitas dan inovasi, di samping merupakan suatu hal yang akan ditemui oleh siswa baik pada jenjang SMA maupun perguruan tinggi. Namun, ditemui masih banyak siswa yang belum memahami secara komprehensif tentang karya ilmiah dan komponen penyusunnya. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, mahasiswa Asistensi Mengajar Universitas Negeri Malang pada Rabu, 8 Mei 2024 menyelenggarakan sosialisasi dalam bentuk seminar karya ilmiah yang dilaksanakan di Aula 1 MAN 1 Malang yang dihadiri oleh guru dan perwakilan kelas X dan XI sebagai peserta dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terkait struktur, metode, dan jenis karya ilmiah. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini terdiri atas tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta evaluasi. Terlaksananya kegiatan seminar ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa menjadi lebih memahami terkait konsep, struktur, dan teknik penyusunan karya ilmiah. Keberhasilan atas terlaksananya kegiatan seminar karya ilmiah ini tidak lepas dari adanya kerjasama dan kolaborasi antara siswa, guru, maupun mahasiswa sehingga siswa sebagai audiens target dapat menerima dan memahami lebih baik tentang kepenulisan karya ilmiah.
Character Capacity Building Pramuka melalui Aksi Tanam Mangrove untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Ekosistem di Teluk Pangpang
Authors: Roza Prima , Adhitama Gregorius Prasetyo , Simarmata Nirmawana , Hidayat Esa Fajar
Published: January 2025

Pramuka adalah gerakan kepanduan yang banyak mengajarkan nilai-nilai sebagai dasar pembentukan karakter sumber daya manusia Indonesia yang terbaik. Sumber daya manusia berkualitas merupakan modal manusia untuk pembangunan bangsa. Sebagian besar kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam Gerakan Pramuka berkaitan dengan kepedulian dan kecintaan terhadap alam dan masyarakat. Namun saat ini, ada penurunan minat Pramuka terhadap kegiatan yang berinteraksi langsung dengan alam akibat terdistraksinya perhatian generasi muda kepada penggunaan teknologi digital, terutama dalam penggunaan media sosial. Pengabdian masyarakat dari Institut Teknologi Bandung ini bertujuan untuk mencarikan solusi atas keprihatinan menurunnya minat tentang ke-pramuka-an dengan melakukan aktivitas tanam mangrove yang diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran dan motivasi Pramuka untuk kembali mencintai aktivitas yang berbasis alam, sekaligus membangun karakter Pramuka dalam pencarian jatidiri mereka sebagai generasi muda Indonesia. Kegiatan tanam mangrove dilakukan bersama Pramuka penegak SMKN Darul ‘Ulum dan anggota masyarakat lainnya di Kawasan Ekonomi Esensial, desa Wringinputih,Teluk Pangpang, Banyuwangi, karena kelestarian ekosistem hutan mangrovenya juga memerlukan perhatian. Kegiatan ini meningkatkan minat Pramuka untuk kembali ke alam, dan mencintai lingkungan, sekaligus berdampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas kehidupan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dengan bertambah lestarinya lingkungan alam di desa Wringinputih.
Pembuatan Cairan Eco-Enzyme sebagai Solusi Pengelolaan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga melalui Teknologi Shred-Chopper di Desa Tapanrejo Banyuwangi
Authors: Setyawan Bagus , Utami Arfiati Ulfa , Defriatno Mawan Eko
Published: January 2025

Desa Tapanrejo berada di Kecamatan Muncar dengan luas wilayah dan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi. Desa ini mengalami permasalahan dengan adanya timbulan sampah rumah tangga yang didominasi jenis sampah organik. Jumlah sampah ini semakin meningkat dengan adanya limbah pertanian yang merupakan hasil aktivitas masyarakat. Oleh karena itu solusi yang diterapkan untuk permasalahan ini adalah dengan pemanfaatan sampah organik rumah tangga yang diolah menjadi cairan eco-enzyme. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah Ibu-Ibu dari Tim Penggerak Pemberdayaan dan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (TP-PKK) Desa Tapanrejo. Tujuan pelaksanaan program ini adalah mitra mampu mengelola sampah rumah tangga secara mandiri dan mampu membuat cairan eco-enzyme dengan penerapan mesin shred-chopper untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Tahapan kegiatan dalam program ini terdiri dari tahapan sosialisasi, pendampingan dan praktek langsung. Monitoring dan evaluasi hasil kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan menilai keberhasilan peserta dalam pembuatan cairan eco-enzyme dan menyebarkan angket kepuasan pelaksanaan kegiatan yang diisi setiap peserta. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dimulai dengan pelaksanaan sosialisasi dan pelatihan pembuatan cairan eco-enzyme, implementasi mesin shred-chopper untuk pencacahan sampah, dan monitoring evaluasi kegiatan berdasarkan angket yang diisi oleh peserta kegiatan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan berjalan dengan baik dan ibu-ibu  peserta kegiatan sangat antusias mengikuti pelatihan mulai awal hingga selesai. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan bahwa peserta 100% mampu membuat cairan eco-enzyme sesuai instruksi yang diberikan dan berdasarkan angket kepuasan bahwa 80% peserta kegiatan merasa sangat puas terhadap pelaksanaan sosialisasi dan pelatihan pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dan pembuatan cairan eco-enzyme yang telah diberikan.
Pengenalan Mitigasi Bencana Melalui Pendekatan Local Wisdom pada Kegiatan Gladian Pemimpin Regu Pramuka Penggalang sebagai Upaya Ketahanan Bencana bagi Generasi Masa Depan
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar , Andriansyah Andriansyah , Samudra Azhari Aziz
Published: January 2025

The Hydrometeorology disaster and geology disaster, tendency of several disaster incidents in total for both types of relative group were continue to increase. Based on The World Risk Report of 2023 Indonesia was ranked as second of 193 countries. Local wisdom in general was understood as local ideas which is wise, full of wisdom, good value, inveterate and followed by community. Local wisdom could be understood as human endeavour for using their mind (cognitive) to act and behave to something, object or incident. Meanwhile in BMKG Knowledge Management, the system of local wisdom is not yet documented massively as source of knowledge and information for community, especially to the nation's young generation. The method used participant observation is a type of active participation, interviews, and documentations. These are who are targets gladian scouts in squad leader of Kwarran Kadupandak subdistrict, Cianjur district. With results, the participant can understand local wisdom as mitigation efforts and also being ressilience for the future generations.
Digital Marketing untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Usaha Batu Bata di Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Handayani Febria Sri , Hadiwijaya Hendra , Putri Meidyan Permata , Andita Mirza Putri
Published: January 2025

Ketatnya persaingan bisnis di era globalisasi menuntut UMKM untuk melakukan transformasi digital. Pengrajin Batu Bata Lan di Kabupaten Banyuasin merupakan salah satu UMKM yang tengah berusaha menerapkan digitalisasi dalam bisnisnya untuk meningkatkan penjualan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mentransfer pengetahuan, menyediakan Website sebagai alat bantu pemasaran digital, serta memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan agar proses adopsi digital, khususnya pemasaran digital, berjalan dengan efektif. Program pelatihan ini mencakup literasi digital dasar, e-commerce, dan pemasaran digital. Berdasarkan umpan balik dari Pengrajin Batu Bata Lan, pelatihan ini sangat membantunya dalam memahami dan mengimplementasikan pemasaran digital yang sebelumnya kurang mitra PKM pahami. Hasil dari penerapan pemasaran digital ini ialah Penjualan produk Batu Bata Lan meningkat sebesar 25%.
Pemanfaatan Limbah dan Sumber Daya Lokal dalam Pelatihan Pembuatan Pakan Ikan Mandiri untuk Kelompok KUPS Perikanan Desa Tuwung
Authors: Pasaribu Marvin Horale , Ariefin Mokhamat , Ompusunggu Dicky Perwira , Saputra Rızkı Rachmad , Agnestisia Retno , Yuliana Yuliana , Purba Abed Nego , Prianus Okta
Published: January 2025

Desa Tuwung, Kabupaten Pulang Pisau merupakan desa yang memiliki potensi besar dalam bidang perikanan. Namun perkembangan sektor ini terkendala oleh ketergantungan pada pakan ikan komersial yang mahal. Hal ini menyebabkan perolehan keuntungan penjualan ikan kurang maksimal. Selain itu, limbah organik yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas pertanian dan peternakan belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, sebuah program pelatihan pembuatan pakan ikan mandiri dengan memanfaatkan limbah organik dan sumber daya lokal telah dilaksanakan. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada kelompok KUPS Perikanan Desa Tuwung dalam membuat pakan ikan berkualitas tinggi dengan biaya yang lebih terjangkau. Melalui pelatihan ini, peserta dikenalkan pada konsep pemanfaatan limbah sayuran rumah tangga dan ikan motan dari Danau Sabuah sebagai bahan baku pakan alternatif. Selain itu, mereka juga dilatih dalam proses pembuatan pakan ikan, baik secara konvensional maupun mekanis dengan menggunakan unit mixer yang dirancang khusus. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa peserta berhasil memahami konsep pemanfaatan limbah dan sumber daya lokal, serta mampu membuat pakan ikan mandiri. Program ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan efisiensi usaha budidaya ikan di Desa Tuwung, sekaligus mengurangi dampak pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah organik.
Interference Analysis of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Gas-Insulated Substations Using a Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Azib  Khan Hafiz Muhammad , Mueed Abdul , Bhatti Kamran Liaqat , Raza Syed Safdar , Siddique Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The reliable and efficient computational approach for the cable interference in gas insulated substations (GIS) is presented. The hybrid domain decomposition method-multilevel fast multi-pole algorithm (DDM-MLFMA) is presented herein. This technique determines the specifications of GIS cables for RG58 and AWG23. Self and mutual interference are identified utilizing the very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) transient interference signal. The hybrid technique offers a numerical simulation to replicate the impact of the VFTO interference signal. Utilizing the matrix-vector multiplication product (MVX) to address compression and approximation challenges, the hybrid approach proves reliable and pragmatic. Because of its computational nature and explicit factorization reduction, this strategy reduces computation time and memory requirements. Consequently, the system's complexity follows a linear trend under this proposed approach. The computed results are juxtaposed with traditional methodologies to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Research Progress on Opioid Receptors and Ion Channels in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Qiao Haifa
Published: January 2025

Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons play a crucial role in the perception and modulation of pain signals, making them a critical focus in pain mechanism research. Opioid receptors, as classical analgesic targets, inhibit pain signals by regulating ion channels such as calcium channels, while ion channels are directly involved in the generation and transmission of pain signals. In recent years, the synergistic interaction between opioid receptors and ion channels has become a research hotspot, particularly under pathological pain conditions, where their complex interplay provides key insights into analgesic drug development. This paper systematically reviews the distribution and functional mechanisms of opioid receptors and ion channels in DRG neurons, explores their interaction in pain modulation, and discusses functional changes under inflammatory and neuropathic pain conditions. Additionally, it examines potential targeted therapeutic strategies based on their synergy and outlines their clinical application prospects.
A Review on Project Based Learning in Enhancing English Writing Skills
Authors: Chao Chen , Abdul Rahman Nurul Ajleaa , Soon Goh Ying
Published: January 2025

Writing is a complex skill requiring cognitive, linguistic, and creative capacities, particularly challenging for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. This review explores the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing English writing skills, emphasizing its potential to address common challenges faced by learners. PBL promotes active engagement, critical thinking, collaboration, and creativity through real-world, student-centered tasks. By integrating interdisciplinary approaches and authentic materials, PBL fosters practical language use and improves linguistic competencies, including grammar, vocabulary, and organizational skills. The review synthesizes findings from studies conducted in various educational contexts, highlighting the multifaceted benefits of PBL. Research demonstrates that PBL significantly enhances students' writing skills, including their ability to structure ideas coherently and apply genre-specific conventions. It also supports the development of essential 21st-century skills, such as problem-solving, time management, and teamwork. Furthermore, PBL has been shown to increase learners’ confidence and motivation, transforming writing tasks into meaningful and engaging experiences. While PBL presents notable advantages, challenges such as time constraints, resource limitations, and the need for teacher training remain. Addressing these barriers requires strategic implementation, adequate teacher preparation, and the use of clear project guidelines. Despite these challenges, the evidence supports PBL as a transformative pedagogical approach for enhancing writing skills. This review underscores the value of integrating PBL into EFL instruction to prepare learners for academic and professional communication demands while fostering linguistic proficiency and critical life skills.
A Review on English-Medium Instruction (EMI) in Teaching and Its Effects on University Students’ English Proficiency and Content Learning
Authors: Lai Huihuang , Idris Hanizah Binti
Published: January 2025

English-Medium Instruction (EMI) has gained prominence globally as higher education institutions (HEIs) adopt English to teach academic subjects, particularly in non-Anglophone regions. This review explores the implementation and impacts of EMI on students' English proficiency and content learning in various contexts, including Taiwan, the UAE, Malaysia, and Thailand. EMI has been driven by globalization, institutional internationalization, and the perceived advantages of enhancing students’ career prospects and mobility. While EMI has successfully improved English language skills, its effects on content learning remain inconclusive, with studies showing varied outcomes. Key challenges include linguistic barriers, cultural mismatches, insufficient institutional support, and concerns over linguistic and cultural identity erosion. Notable issues such as limited English proficiency often hinder students' ability to fully engage with course material, leading to disparities in academic outcomes. The review also highlights the diversity of EMI implementation across educational levels and regions, ranging from partial integration in Chinese universities to fully English-medium programs in European HEIs. The findings underscore the importance of policy support, bilingual teaching strategies, and adequate teacher training to address the challenges associated with EMI. Ultimately, while EMI enhances international competitiveness and student employability, its broader implications for equity, cultural preservation, and effective content delivery warrant further investigation. This review calls for more rigorous research to explore the intersection of language proficiency, academic ability, and content mastery in EMI settings.
Investigation of milk melatonin and alpha casein levels in sheep
Authors: Burcu Gul  , Mevlut Taha Sahin  , Huseyin Fatih Gul  , Yasin Baykalir
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to determine melatonin and alpha (α) casein levels in sheep milk. The study material was 40 milk samples taken after milking from, healthy, 3-year-oldlactating sheep from 4 different farms (10 sheep from each farms). In the milk samples taken, melatonin levels were determined by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) and the density of α-casein levels by electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
It was determined that the lowest value of milk melatonin levels in the enterprises was 80.0 ng/L and the highest value was 92.4 ng/L. In addition, these values were determined as 82.7 ng/L and 84.3 ng/L in the other two enterprises. There was no significant difference between farms in terms of melatonin levels (p>0.05). When α-casein levels were examined, a significant difference was found between farms (p<0.001). α-casein level density was also lowest in the enterprise with the lowest melatonin level. It has also been determined that casein density is also high in farms where melatonin levels are high. As a result of the study, melatonin and α-casein levels were determined, also a parallelism was observed between the two parameters. Therefore, it has been concluded that farms can benefit from these parameters in the growth, development and disease resistance of the offspring.
Real-time human-AI collaboration through scalable cloud platforms for emergency response
Authors: Sandeep Konakanchi
Published: January 2025

Real-time human-AI collaboration is revolutionizing emergency response, yet challenges remain in achieving seamless interaction at scale. This article explores an innovative approach leveraging scalable cloud platforms to enable effective collaboration between human responders and AI systems during critical incidents. Integrating cloud-native solutions ensures real-time data processing, rapid decision support, and dynamic adaptation to evolving scenarios. Key features include adaptive load balancing to accommodate fluctuating data streams, AI-driven predictive analytics for preemptive action, and intelligent communication channels to enhance coordination among responders. The proposed architecture minimizes latency, optimizes resource allocation, and maintains service continuity, even under extreme conditions. The framework addresses data security, scalability, and compliance challenges to offer a robust, reliable solution for time-sensitive operations. Implementation results demonstrate significant improvements in response times, incident handling capacity, and resource utilization across multiple real-world emergency scenarios.
Production Jelly Candy and Soap derived from marine seaweed for health branding and community empowerment in Mojokerto East Java
Authors: Pujiastuti Dwi Yuli , Sahidu Adriana Monica , Nirmala Dwitha
Published: January 2025

In this PKM program, our partner is residents in Mojokerto, Surabaya, East Java, Province. This community has generated the production of jelly candy and natural soap derived from marine seaweed. Seaweed processing has a very broad market potential due to the increasing demand and use of seaweed processing products, both in the fields of food, health, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals or industry. Seaweed development with an industrial concept approach that starts from upstream, processing basic products into formulated products with a lot of derivative products, both food and non-food products. In food ingredients, seaweed can be formulated into jelly candy that is in great demand from children to adults. In pharmaceutical grade, it can be formulated into cosmetics such as natural soap.
Based on interviews and observations in the field, there are 3 main focuses of the problems currently faced by partners, namely: 1) lack of knowledge about seaweed, 2) seaweed application for food and non-food and 3) the packaging of product.
Some of the things planned by the PKM team are innovating seaweed to be jelly candy and natural soap. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and understanding of the diversification of processed seaweed products for both food and non-food purposes, which is expected to provide benefits in terms of increasing the added value of seaweed, awareness of hand washing hygiene, empowering women and at the same time increasing community income.
This activity was realized with an approach in the form of making a sustainable cooperation program until the end of PKM, creating a family atmosphere between the two and understanding that the problems experienced were a shared problem so that they could be solved together according to the level of responsibility to achieve the expected benefits, namely increased yields, production and productivity and competitiveness, independence and welfare of the community.
Effectiveness analysis of surface reservoirs environmental monitoring methods in conditions of their eutrophication by agricultural facilities (review)
Authors: Nevaev A. S.
Published: January 2025

The high level of anthropogenic impact on the soils of arable lands and pastures has led to their inability to retain and decompose pollutants, including biogenic substances, transported with water. At the same time, agricultural facilities deserve special attention, which on the one hand are the largest water consumers worldwide, and on the other hand make a significant contribution to the biogenic pollution of surface waters. Due to the stable biogenic saturation of reservoirs, there is a threat of a widespread increase in phytoplankton biomass, which significantly affects the quality of water resources. Despite the existing measures to combat this phenomenon, the issue of water bodies environmental monitoring is open in conditions of eutrophication. The article provides a brief description of the most unfavorable agricultural facilities in terms of biogenic load on reservoirs. The features of the biogenic saturation mechanism of the aquatic environment from agricultural territories are considered. The article highlights the main methods of environmental monitoring of the aquatic environment, provides a brief description of their effectiveness in conditions of eutrophication, and provides an overview of innovative methods and technical solutions in the field under consideration. The author focuses attention on the need to create integrated environmental monitoring systems for water bodies that combine the useful properties of its three main methods (physico-chemical, biological and remote), as well as taking into account the process of eutrophication, including from agricultural facilities. The development of such complexes will expand the functionality, improve the quality and efficiency of environmental monitoring of surface waters located near agricultural facilities.
Representations of the Dead in the Popular Culture of Pontic Greeks
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Klimova Ksenia ,   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

This article presents a detailed account of the folk-mythological representations of the deceased in the traditional culture of the Pontic Greeks. It is primarily based on field data collected during expeditions conducted between 2022 and 2024 in the areas where the Pontic Greeks have traditionally lived in concentrated settlements. The data was collected from the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions, the Republics of Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia-Alania and Dagestan, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Armenia, as well as from written sources on the traditional culture of the Pontic Greeks and dialect dictionaries. The characteristics of the Pontic mythological character "hortlach" ("walking dead," zombie) are considered according to the scheme developed by the team of authors of the Moscow ethnolinguistic school. This includes a description of the character's names and titles, its hypostases, characteristics of its appearance, genesis, loci, time of activation, properties, characteristic occupations, functions and predicates, objects of influence, characteristic motifs, and other relevant information. A distinctive quality of the Pontic "hortlach" is its capacity to alter its physical form. During the daytime, it assumes the appearance of a deceased individual interred in a grave, at night, it emerges from the cemetery and departs from the burial ground. Another distinctive attribute of the Pontic "hortlach" is its capacity to transform into a werewolf. During the daytime, it lies in the grave in the form of a deceased individual, while at night it emerges from the cemetery and traverses the village in the guise of a massive black canine. The concepts associated with the "Chortlakh" are more enduring among Turkic-speaking Urum Greeks, who are native to Greek villages in Georgia. This observation correlates with the overall more robust preservation of folk-mythological beliefs and traditional culture within this subgroup. Narratives about "chortlakh" are ubiquitous across all surveyed regions, and the lexeme itself is fixed in a multitude of phraseological expressions, including "to wander like a chortlakh," "to walk at night like a chortlakh," and as a swear word. Extended texts with descriptions of mythological characters or full texts of classical stories are very rarely recorded in the surveyed territories, and mythological vocabulary is gradually fading into oblivion.
Re-SearchTerms: A Shiny app for navigating open scholarship terms
Authors: Leung Anna Yi , Kristanto Daniel , Schmalz Xenia
Published: January 2025

The wording of definitions for terms in open scholarship and research practices may be inconsistent, making it difficult for researchers to understand and apply them accurately. This hinders clear and effective communication in research. To address this, we developed “Re-SearchTerms”, a Shiny app that encourages researchers to revisit and critically examine the meanings of common research terms related to open scholarship and research practice used in diverse research contexts. This interactive platform enables the exploration and comparison of definitions from multiple sources, prompting users to reflect on the nuanced meanings and contexts of key terms. Our dataset includes 2211 definitions of 216 concepts related to open scholarship, research practices, statistical analysis, and philosophy-of-science terminology. Definitions are sourced from academic texts, the crowdsourced FORRT glossary (Parsons et al., 2022), and Wiktionary (Meyer, 2018). Using natural language processing (NLP) techniques, Re-SearchTerms visualises term relationships based on word co-occurrences and sentence embeddings, allowing users to investigate co-occurrence patterns and explore concept-level networks. Moreover, we identify concepts with high and low semantic consistencies based on their definitions. Low similarity suggests variability in how researchers define and potentially understand a given term. This finding underscores the need for researchers to pay closer attention to the use of concepts, especially those with low consistency. Re-SearchTerms is a tool that helps researchers make deliberate and informed choices when defining and interpreting key terms. Our adaptive framework can be applied to other datasets of research concepts, enabling researchers to examine and select terminology, especially in interdisciplinary fields.
Understanding Barriers in Supporting Service Users with Complex PTSD: A Pilot Survey of Expert Perspectives
Authors: Robinson Martin , Courtois Christine A.
Published: January 2025

Experiences of Complex Trauma and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) may be associated with considerable barriers to effective intervention for service users and providers. This investigation sought to identify barriers perceived to affect individuals with CPTSD and those professionals who support them.A pilot survey was distributed via email to an expert group drawn from the International Traumatic Stress Society’s Complex Trauma Special Interest Group receiving N = 28 responses. The survey recorded quantitative ratings of potential barriers to service use and provision highlighted by previous research, and qualitative opinion of CPTSD-related barriers including opportunity to suggest alternative or specific barriers based on respondents’ research and clinical expertise. Quantitative data were subject to descriptive analyses in line with previous investigations of expert opinion related to PTSD intervention, and qualitative data were analysed using an inductive content analysis approach.Responses indicated that the majority of potential CPTSD-related barriers in this survey informed by previous research were perceived as usually or almost always barriers for service users and providers by this expert group. Results highlighted perceptions that CPTSD-related stigma/ misunderstanding, inability to drive systemic change, and accessibility of resources as most salient barriers for effective CPTSD support for service providers. The most salient barriers for individuals with CPTSD as perceived by this expert group were: access to supports and services, dissatisfaction with previous intervention, and availability of personal resources. Qualitative comments indicated relevant barriers for these groups in: Recognition of CPTSD, Availability of Training, Treatment Challenge, Misdiagnosis, Vulnerability due to CPTSD experiences, Structural Barriers, and Symptom-related Difficulties.These findings extend understanding of expert opinion related CPTSD intervention barriers, and offer indicative directions for future research. Extension of these results is called for integrating the opinions of more diverse expert groups, including: researchers/ practitioners in global settings, and those living with CPTSD.
Climate change impacts on compound renewable energy droughts under evolving infrastructure in the Western United States
Authors: Bracken Cameron , Voisin Nathalie , Mongird Kendall , Burleyson Casey , Oikonomou Konstantinos
Published: January 2025

As variable renewable energy resources become a larger part of the generation mix in the United States (U.S.), so does the potential impact of prolonged periods of low wind and solar generation, known as variable renewable energy (VRE) droughts. In a future decarbonized or low-carbon grid, naturally occurring VRE droughts need to be evaluated for their potential impact on grid reliability. This study is the first of its kind to examine the impacts of compound VRE energy droughts in the Western U.S. across a range of climate change and future infrastructure scenarios. We find that compound VRE drought severity will increase significantly in the future, primarily due to the dramatic increase in wind and solar generation needed to meet decarbonization goals. Climate change is expected to increase the variability of energy drought severity, which has implications for sizing energy storage necessary for mitigating drought events. We also examine the spatial patterns of compound VRE drought events that effect multiple regions of the grid simultaneously. These co-occurring events have distinct spatial patterns depending on the season. We observed overall fewer connected events in the future with the combined effect of climate change and infrastructure growth, although in the fall we observe a climate change-induced shift toward events which impact more regions simultaneously.
Changing Weight Stigmas: Impact of Weight Change and Social Isolation
Authors: Fieldwalker Anna , Kuczynski Damian , Chan Annie
Published: January 2025

We demonstrated that visual body perception can be modified by changing one’s body weight and social environment. Participants performed a body size estimation task in virtual reality environment while we simulated weight gain and weight loss using a wearable bariatric suit. During weight gain, accuracies for all obese bodies got worse, showing an under-estimation for bigger bodies. Following weight loss, participants normalized white leaner bodies, over-estimating underweight, but their performance improved for normal and overweight bodies, illustrating an advantage of losing weight. This study was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, subsequent nation-wide lockdown in the UK offered a rare opportunity to investigate body estimation pre- vs during- a prolonged period of social isolation. The lockdown had dramatically reduced in-person interaction, increased use of social media, streaming, and zoom meetings. We found a reduction in normalizing underweight women, and unlike pre-pandemic, people were more “lenient” to heavier women, especially for the novel green bodies. Contrary to the idea that the media has alleviated weight stigmas for women, our data from lockdown suggested that in-person interaction is driving those stigmas. Overall, we illustrated that body size perception is malleable and weight stigmas can be changed.
Challenges and Opportunities of Nepalese Agriculture under WTO Regime
Authors: Das Ghanshyam Lal
Published: January 2025

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