bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reacciones adversas a los alimentos: ¿Cuál es el papel de los microorganismos?
Authors: Caminero Alberto
Published: September 2021

It is estimated that around 25% of the population worldwide experience adverse reactions to food, which are very diverse based on both etiology and clinical presentation. According to the pathophysiological processes involved, adverse reactions to foods can be broadly classified as sensitivities or intolerances, depending on whether they are immune-mediated, or not. Specifically, food sensitivities have become a growing clinical, economic, and social problem nowadays. Although the reason for the increased prevalence of well-determined food sensitives such as celiac disease and food allergies is not well understood, the role of microbes in both inducing and protecting from these conditions has been proposed. First, several studies suggest that the gut microbiota, the vast number of microbes that live in our digestive tract, influence the appearance of different adverse reactions to food. These studies are based on observational changes in the composition and function of the fecal microbiota of celiac, allergic and food intolerant patients when compared to controls or healthy participants. Second, infectious microbial agents have been related to the loss of oral tolerance towards dietary components and the occurrence of different adverse reactions to foods. However, how could microbes participate in food sensitivities and intolerances from a mechanistic point of view? Preclinical studies with animal models not only support observations in humans, they also show a causal role of microbes in the occurrence and course of these diseases, while informing the specific underlying mechanisms. The aim of this review is to summarize the scientific evidence that supports the role of microbes in the main adverse reactions to food described, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms. The discovery of the main molecular pathways involved in pathogenic reactions to diet foods will accelerate the development of new therapeutic approaches with the aim of preventing and treating food sensitivities and intolerances.
Purple Thrombocytopenic Thrombotic
Authors: Roncallo Lina Marcela
Published: September 2021

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a rare disease of immune origin, belonging to thrombotic microangiopathies. In most cases, it can present as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia accompanied by thrombocytopenia, neurological deficit and kidney abnormalities. The present clinical case belongs to a female patient with no significant personal or family history, who went to the doctor for a clinical picture of 2 days of evolution with hematuria, general malaise, asthenia and adynamia, on physical examination without alterations, with vital signs in ranges of normality. The diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura was made due to hemolysis, elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and a reduction in serum haptoglobin accompanied by the presence of serum schistocytes> 6% in the peripheral blood smear. Thrombocytopenic purpura is a diagnostic challenge because its clinical picture is often nonspecific, making it more difficult to start its treatment in a timely manner. Another drawback is the high costs for ADAMTS13 activity tests. Despite the fact that the treatments for this disease have low success rates, in our clinical case our patient responded favorably to the treatment instituted
Recipes for resistance: Practical applications of restorative food justice in New Haven, Connecticut
Authors: Santino Cara
Published: September 2021

In the United States, many people of color recently released from prison are likely to be food insecure. The intersections between race, food security, and release from prison are starting to be recognized. However, food justice should be informed by the perspectives and work being done by returning citizens and people of color. With the help of EMERGE CT, a transitional employment social enterprise for returning citizens in New Haven, Connecticut, I collected food access survey data and narratives of crewmembers at EMERGE to explore these issues. I merged restorative justice and food justice frame­works into one framework to develop an initiative that focuses on the availability of healthy, sustainable, and culturally appropriate food for returning citizens and addresses the social trauma that is perpetuated through both the food and prison systems. Further, I write about the importance of compensating food system leaders of color. I provide insight on the challenges in planning such a program. I discuss why we need to amplify the voices of returning citizens in food justice work. Lastly, I consider how these collaborative, cross-movement coalitions develop creative ways to re-envision equity.
The Theoretical Framework of Macroprudential Policy and its Place in the Scheme of Economic Policy
Authors: Kálmán János
Published: September 2021

Microprudential regulation and supervision – focused on institutional risks – cannot guarantee the stability of the financial system. Therefore special attention should be paid to macroprudential regulation and supervision to address systemic risks. The purpose of this study is to provide the historical context and a theoretical framework for macroprudential regulation and supervision – a new area of economic policy. To this end, we shall examine the causes for the spread of macroprudential policy, its basic concepts, and thirdly, its place within the scheme of economic policies.
Subject of waste management fee in Poland
Authors: Huchla Andrzej
Published: September 2021

The study is dealing with selected matters of waste management regulation, especially with the applicational issues and praxis of municipalities in Poland and makes an effort to present the most neuralgic points of the normative regulation and practical experiences as well.
Legislative Changes in the Environmental Impact Assessment act in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Maslen Michal
Published: September 2021

The study is dealing with the implementation of the EIA Directive in the Slovak Republic, primarily focused on the participation of public in environmental proceedings. The case law presented a special approach on this field – partially which – leaded to new ways of interpretation of normative rules.
Tax Procedure Code in the Czech Republic
Authors: Karfíková Marie , Boháč Radim
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with Tax Procedure Code in the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to describe the Czech Tax Procedure Code and to present and evaluate its significant possible change. The basic principles of the Czech Tax Procedure Code are set out and the basic structure of the Tax Procedure Code is introduced. The study concludes that the tax procedure has been successfully codified in the Czech Republic. The adoption of Tax Procedure Code is a great achievement and the result of many years of work undertaken to preserve the autonomy of the tax procedure. Then the article is focused on the considered change of Tax Procedure Code related to the principle of tax self-assessment and tax additional self-assessment. It is further concluded that every tax in the broad sense should have a clearly stated model which is applicable for its assessment. Establishing the tax self-assessment and tax additional tax-assessment regime could make the examination stage of tax administration much clearer.
The Civil Service Law System in Poland – Selected Issues
Authors: Drobny Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The article refers to the topic of civil service law in Poland. It describes the organization of civil service system in comparison to other international solutions and it gives the historical background of how it has been evolving so far. Particularly it refers to the elements of its regime, the position and duties of the Polish Head of the Civil Service and rights and duties of the civil service corpus’ members. The author claims that the changes taking place in the area of this part of law are due to the domination of private law (labor law) over public law (administrative law). This tendency currently prevails in the western legislation.
Complaint in Tax Administration as an Instrument to Ensure Good Administration
Authors: Marethová Zuzana
Published: September 2021

This contribution deals with the legal institute of complaint as an instrument to ensure good administration, more precisely good tax administration. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that a complaint is an institute that effectively protects people involved in tax administration and thereby mediates good governance. In the contribution, the method of analysis will be used to analyse and define theory and legal regulation.
The Legal Aspects of Reducing the Bureaucracy of the Court Administration
Authors: Piątek Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The article deals with questions of the bureaucratic organisation of courts, or in other words, how the court administration can affect, or is able to affect judicial autonomy, professionalism, the court’s decision making and overall the effectiveness of court functioning. The purpose of this paper is to analyse legal means of reducing the court’s bureaucracy.
Women who kill abusive partners: reviewing the impact of section 55(3) ‘fear of serious violence’ manslaughter – some empirical findings
Authors: Edwards Susan S M
Published: September 2021

In October 2010, section 55(3) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 came into force, and ‘fear of serious violence’ was expressly included in the statute as a qualifying trigger for ‘loss of self-control’ voluntary manslaughter, a partial defence to murder. This development (albeit that it is a gender-neutral provision) was anticipated to be an important step in recognising the situation of a woman who, in fearing a partner’s violence, control and abuse, kills to preserve her own life. The provision is only operative where ‘fear of serious violence’ and ‘loss of self-control’ can be established, which, given its limitations, prohibits many women in fear of a partner’s violence and coercion from successfully using this defence. The author’s review of the legal reform and the case law, together with 40 homicide cases involving female defendants who killed intimate current or former partners (April 2011–March 2016) demonstrates that this defence, which promised to deliver justice for abused women, has been little used. Women’s vulnerability and fear and response to intimate partner abuse and control is still insufficiently understood and explored and is evident where juries return murder rather than manslaughter verdicts. Further reform is needed to the legal framework regarding this and other defences in order to achieve a just law by incorporating women’s experience of, and defensive response to, violence and control in its many forms.
Partial defences to murder: changed landscape and nomenclature
Authors: Fortson Rudi
Published: September 2021

The reformed partial defences to murder, enacted under the Coroners and Justice Act 2009, reflect Parliament’s attempt to align those defences with modern social norms and medical experience whilst retaining the existing definition of ‘murder’, being an offence that attracts a mandatory fixed sentence of imprisonment or detention. However, Parliament departed from the recommendations of the Law Commission in important respects and the appellate courts have added their ‘voice’ to the scope of the partial defences. This article, which is written from a practitioner’s perspective, discusses the existing law and considers the extent to which, since 2009, the aims of policy-makers and law-makers have been fulfilled or have fallen short of expectations. The author contends that the reforms did not go far enough, that the term ‘diminished responsibility’ is no longer apt, that rules relating to ‘loss of control’ are unnecessarily complex and unsatisfactory, and that expert opinion evidence remains problematic.
Introduction
Authors: Reed Alan , Wake Nicola , Simpson Bethany
Published: September 2021

Guest editors' introduction to the special issue.
PENERAPAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN PADI (Studi Kasus : Desa Purworejo Kec. Kotagajah Kab. Lampung Tengah)
Authors: Ikhsanto Muhammad Nur , Sulistiyanto Mr. , Nafisa Lulu
Published: September 2021

Menurut para petani hal yang paling merugikan dalam produksi tanaman padi ini adalah hama dan penyakit, hal ini sering dialami oleh para petani yang disebabkan karena adanya hama dan penyakit yang terdapat pada tanaman padi. Kurang nya pengetahuan tentang hama dan penyakit oleh para petani serta terbatas nya jumlah ahli yang menangani masalah tersebut sangat menghambat petani dalam mencegah masalah yang ada, maka dari itu perlu nya diabngun sebuah sistem pakar untuk mengidentifikasikan hama dan penyakit di Desa Purworejo. Penerapan metode inferensi forward chaining diharapkan nantinya dapat menjadi informasi serta pengetahuan baru bagi para petani padi dimana para petani dapat mengetahui tentang hama dan penyakit yang menyerang pada tanaman padi, tanpa harus menunggu dari ahli atau pakarnya untuk mengetahui informasi hama dan penyakit tersebut.
COVID-19 and risk of cardiomyocyte injury: The prevailing scenario
Authors: Al-Niemi Marwa S. , Hussain Nawar R. , Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I.
Published: September 2021

The novel coronavirus which is also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause substantial pulmonary disease, including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), clinicians have observed many extra-pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a variety of pro-inflammatory mediators that may play important roles in the pathophysiology of cardiac and arrhythmic complications. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (cytokine storm) is another putative mechanism of myocardial injury. In addition to lung damage, there may be significant cardiac involvement in patients with COVID-19, which is responsible for worsening the clinical condition of the host. The main cardiac manifestations can be oedema, pericarditis, cardiac fibrosis, myocarditis, impairment of contractile function and cardiac electrophysiology. The cardiac status of patients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection of surviving patients in convalescence period should be carefully monitored.
The potential role of Bromhexine in the management of COVID-19: Decipher and a real game-changer
Authors: Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Niemi Marwa S. , Hussain Nawar R. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Lugnier Claire
Published: September 2021

Primary infection of SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV), which leads to Covid-19, targets specific cells, such as nasal, bronchial epithelial and pneumocytes, through the viral structural spike (S) protein that binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Also, type 2 transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) present in the host cell promotes viral uptake by cleaving ACE2 and triggering the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, which facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. One of the TMPRSS2 inhibitors with a greater distribution capacity into the lung tissue is bromhexine hydrochloride which attenuates the entry and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2. Bromhexine is an effective drug in the management and treatment of Covid-19 pneumonia via targeting ACE2/ TMPRSS2 pathway. However, prospective and controlled clinical trials are recommended to confirm this observation.
Atividade investigativa remota de Biologia do Desenvolvimento: tipos de ovos na evolução dos animas
Authors: Rios Flavia Sant'Anna
Published: September 2021

Uma atividade investigativa presencial abordando o tema Tipos de Ovos é realizada regularmente com os estudantes do Curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) durante a disciplina de Biologia do Desenvolvimento. No ano de 2020, em decorrência da pandemia pela COVID-19, tal disciplina foi ofertada na modalidade de Ensino Remoto Emergencial. A fim de adaptar essa atividade, foram empregados recursos de forma assíncrona utilizando AVA – Plataforma Moodle: videoaula gravada, montagem de árvore filogenética com os tipos de ovos e elaboração de hipótese. No encontro síncrono, foi realizada discussão do tema com auxílio do aplicativo Kahoot. Após o encontro, os discentes elaboraram suas conclusões. A adaptação para o Ensino Remoto mostrou-se viável e auspiciosa, favorecendo o pensamento científico.
A utilização das tecnologias digitais nas aulas remotas: um relato de experiência
Authors: Artini da Silva Gabriela , Gasparini Lovatto Guilherme
Published: September 2021

Este artigo aborda sobre o ensino remoto emergencial em meio a pandemia da Covid-19, em especial as aulas de Matemática, e o uso das tecnologias digitais a favor do ensino e aprendizagem. Um relato de experiência, no qual trazemos a utilização de softwares, aplicativos e páginas como Kahoot, Mentimeter, Youtube e GeoGebra nas aulas de regência no Instituto Federal do Paraná, campus Cascavel, no curso Técnico em Análises Químicas na Modalidade Integrado ao Ensino Médio, componente de Matemática Aplicada, enfatizando o entusiasmo e animação dos estudantes ao jogar no Kahoot. Uma maneira que encontramos em utilizar estes meios tecnológicos para intervir e medias a aprendizagem dos alunos, a partir do que mostram saber por meio de suas respostas.
Desafios e possibilidades da utilização de jogos para o ensino de Matemática na Educação Básica
Authors: Melo José Ronaldo
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a importância dos jogos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática conduzindo o aluno para uma aprendizagem significativa. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e entrevistas estruturadas com alunos e professores de uma escola pública. Observou-se, por meio da análise dos resultados obtidos e do estudo teórico realizado sobre o tema, que a partir dos jogos os alunos aprendem de forma significativa, num contexto desvinculado da situação de aprendizagem formal, bem como são desenvolvidas por parte dos alunos diversas competências e habilidades. Através da aprendizagem do próprio jogo, do domínio das habilidades e raciocínio utilizado, o aluno tem a oportunidade de redimensionar sua relação com as situações de aprendizagem e com seu desejo de buscar novos conhecimentos, tem sobretudo a possibilidade de manipular objetos, testando e assimilando conceitos.
Seleção de termossifões para aplicação em um sistema híbrido fotovoltaico/térmico
Authors: Ochoski Machado Pedro Leineker , Ochoski Machado Vitor Otávio , Vaurek Dimbarre Victor , Miqueias Szmoski Romeu , Dias dos Santos Paulo Henrique , Antonini Alves Thiago
Published: September 2021

Neste trabalho foi realizada uma análise térmica experimental de termossifões distintos para aplicação em um sistema híbrido fotovoltaico/térmico. Os termossifões foram fabricados a partir de tubos de cobre possuindo comprimento total de 840mm. O fluido de trabalho utilizado foi água destilada com razão de preenchimento de 50% do volume do evaporador. O evaporador tem comprimento de 650mm, enquanto a seção adiabática e o condensador têm comprimentos de 80mm e 110mm, respectivamente. O condensador foi resfriado por convecção forçada de água, a seção adiabática foi isolada e o evaporador foi aquecido por um resistor elétrico. Testes experimentais foram realizados para uma carga térmica de 80W a 140W em uma posição a 25° da horizontal (evaporador acima do condensador). A análise térmica foi baseada na distribuição de temperaturas ao longo dos dispositivos passivos de transferência de calor, sua resistência térmica e eficiência térmica. O Termossifão B, que possui maior diâmetro, apresentou melhores resultados nas condições testadas, se mostrando assim a melhor escolha entre os dois termossifões para compor um sistema híbrido fotovoltaico/térmico.
Anti-convencionalidade: erros, incoerências e paradoxos de um instrumento de controle sem controle
Authors: De Laurentiis Lucas Catib , Ferreira Felipe Grizotto
Published: September 2021

A partir de 2006, juristas e autoridades latino-americanas têm se deparado com um novo desafio no âmbito do exercício do poder para invalidação de leis e atos normativos: o controle de convencionalidade. Embora a literatura majoritária tenha recepcionado de maneira extremamente positiva essa inovação, existem diversas incoerências e inconsistências desse instrumento. É o que este trabalho busca demonstrar e problematizar. Com base em um método descritivo e normativo, será demonstrado que tal instrumento de controle carece de fundamento. Isso gera problemas conceituais, pois não existe possibilidade de aplicar uma sanção normativa através do juízo de convencionalidade, o que afasta a ideia de controle normativo. A adoção desse instrumento também gera sérios problemas procedimentais e de competência sancionatória nos ordenamentos jurídicos dos Estados. Por fim, a identificação de decisões ativistas da Corte interamericana consiste em mais um fator contrário ao controle de convencionalidade.
A superação das decisões do STF pelo Congresso Nacional via emendas constitucionais: diálogo forçado ou monólogos sobrepostos?
Authors: Hachem Daniel Wunder , Pethechust Eloi
Published: September 2021

O sistema brasileiro de controle jurisdicional de constitucionalidade confere amplos poderes ao Supremo Tribunal Federal em matéria de definição do sentido da Constituição. Como reação a esse modelo forte de controle, o Congresso Nacional tem adotado como estratégia de reação a aprovação de emendas constitucionais como forma de superação das decisões judicial declaratórias de inconstitucionalidade. O artigo tem como objetivo examinar esse fenômeno tomando como base a teoria dos diálogos constitucionais desenvolvida no Direito canadense, utilizando como marco teórico as ideias de Peter Hogg e Allison Bushell, Kent Roach e Luc Tremblay, para verificar se é possível considerar essa interação entre Legislativo e Judiciário como um autêntico diálogo constitucional. O método utilizado foi a revisão bibliográfica, o estudo de casos e a análise de jurisprudência e das manifestações dos parlamentares no Congresso Nacional. O estudo conclui que em todos os cinco casos analisados não houve efetivo diálogo, mas sim uma sobreposição de monólogos entre os atores envolvidos, uma vez que as razões do Supremo Tribunal Federal em geral não são levadas em consideração pelo Congresso Nacional.
Public Policy Implementation of the Jakarta Government's Policy: Study of Community Relocation Around the Reservoir
Authors: Satispi Evi , Aziz Samudra Azhari
Published: September 2021

This study aims to understand the Jakarta government's policy in relocating people from the Ria Rio Reservoir and placing them in flats (rusunawa). Based on the research findings that have been done, it is concluded that strict facility restrictions are necessary to prevent the transfer of rental rights from low-income people to the upper class. The existence of a Management Agency is deemed necessary by residents. It is evidenced by the high number of answers residents require of a Management Agency and supported again by the feeling of obedience to the residents' management board. Constraints in the provision of housing on the need side It is difficult to invite low-income people and residents of slums who are generally classified as poor to want to live in apartment units. Performance measurement cannot be done only on a one-year deadline. Performance has been disrupted by past policies that have prevented the achievement of housing development targets (rusunawa) from being fully met. A synergy between regional and central interests is needed. Program handling must be in synergy with other program policies.
Are Fresh Stillbirths from Caesarean Sections Associated with Socioeconomic Status? A Case Control Study at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   The University of Zambia, Chanda Kenneth , Vwalika Bellington ,   University Teaching Hospital, Shanzi Aubrey ,   University Teaching Hospital
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Stillbirths occur worldwide at a rate of 3.2 million per year. There is however lack of interest in stillbirths especially those from caesarean sections. The discrepancy of high stillbirth rates from caesarean sections in low to middle-income countries as compared to developed countries may indicate the influence of socioeconomic status. This study was designed to investigate if socioeconomic status is associated with caesarean section fresh stillbirths. Methods: The study involved 330 women who underwent emergency caesarean sections from October 2013 to August 2014. Of these, 110 were cases and 220 were controls. Data collection was done using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in the immediate postoperative period. Results: Low socioeconomic status was associated with increased odds of caesarean section fresh stillbirths. The association was however not statistically significant.
Factors Influencing Childhood and Adolescent Obesity in the Arab Gulf States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alaa E. Badawi Alaa E. , Almansoori Hamda M. , Alnuaimi Reem A. , Howari Fares M.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: About one third of the population in the Arab Gulf States are overweight and obese. Among children and adolescents, however, the prevalence of obesity is at rates higher than those reported worldwide.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to systematically review and evaluate factors related to and affecting childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Arab Gulf States.

METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive and systematic search in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase and Embase Classic to identify studies reporting on the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescent in the study region.

RESULTS: We examined 22 studies and identified 12 reports to be included into this systematic review. The reviewed studies were from six Arab gulf States (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and Qatar) and examined 9,723 children. Approximately 30 different risk factors were identified from the selected studies. These were generally falling under six main risk factors including unhealthy eating habits, sedentary lifestyle, family-related factors, (particularly mother physical activities and food habits), child feeding practices during infancy, child sleeping pattern and low intake of or deficiency in micronutrients important for growth.

CONCLUSION: This study further establishes several of the universal-and regional-specific risk factors that influence the increased prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Arab Gulf States. Consideration of these risk factors is critical for developing effective policies and practices that address this public health concern to curb and reverse the rise in its prevalence within the Gulf Region.
The evolution of the undulating wall
Authors: Pabich Marek , Piórkowska Marta
Published: September 2021

Expressive buildings based on curvilinear geometry became one of many characteristic elements of contemporary architecture. A fascination with irregular, undulating forms has already been visible in the 20th century. However, the sources of the undulating motifs go back to the Baroque period, when buildings with curved façades were one of the best examples of the natural development of architectural thought. The evolution of this idea took place at the beginning of the 20th century. In the following years, the motif of the undulating lines was used by many architects who draw upon its regular or free character. The Authors using the analytical and interpretative method show the evolution of the undulating wall. The Authors use the terms of curved lines defined by Kandinsky. The analysis of selected examples shows the ideological, material, and constructional evolution of the undulating wall, as well as the way of transforming the idea of the undulating line, which returns to its baroque roots, but in a more modern version.
Ołtarz a architektoniczny obraz posoborowego wnętrza kościoła
Authors: Bogdan Mirosław
Published: September 2021

Artykuł przedstawia miejsce ołtarza w sakralnym wnętrzu architektonicznym zbudowanym po II Soborze Watykańskim (1962–1965). Ołtarz definiuje się jako centrum przestrzeni sakralnej. Artykuł analizuje uwarunkowania liturgiczne obecności ołtarza wpływające na kształt funkcjonalnej symbiozy strefy wspólnoty oraz strefy prezbiterium. Opisując budowę ołtarza funkcjonującego obecnie bez tabernakulum na jego mensie, podkreśla się samodzielność miejsca przechowywania eucharystii. Artykuł traktuje tabernakulum jako drugie centrum przestrzeni wnętrza kościelnego. Nawiązując do rozwiązań architektonicznych, uwzględnia się znaczenie regularnego układu podłużnego i centralnego oraz symetrii przy budowie prezbiterium. Gdy dokumentuje się znaczenie nowych technologii wpływających na kształt nowoczesnych obiektów sakralnych, uwzględnia się modelowanie przestrzeni według posoborowych reguł funkcjonalnych dokumentujących rolę i znaczenie ołtarza.
The role of properties of the membership function in construction of fuzzy sets ranking
Authors: Ameljańczyk Andrzej
Published: September 2021

The paper presents a several new definitions of concepts regarding the properties of fuzzy sets in the aspect of their use in decision support processes. These are concepts such as the image and counter – image of the fuzzy set, the proper fuzzy set, the fuzzy support and the ranking of fuzzy set. These concepts can be important in construction decision support algorithms. Particularly a lot of space was devoted to the study of the properties of membership function of the fuzzy set as a result of operations on fuzzy sets. Two additional postulates were formulated that should be fulfilled by the membership function product of fuzzy sets in decision making.
IDEJA I ZNAČAJ RAZVOJA MREŽE NARODNOOSLOBODILAČKIH ODBORA U VREMENU ANTIFAŠISTIČKE BORBE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI (1941–1945)
Authors: Sadiković Elmir
Published: September 2021

Od početka ustaničkih aktivnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini 1941. godine osnivani narodnooslobodilački odbori (NOO) na oslobođenim teritorijama postepeno su se razvijali u organizovan sistem lokalne samouprave. Tokom 1941. i 1942. godine na oslobođenim područjima Bosne i Hercegovine osnovano je više stotina seoskih i opštinskih NOO. Dolaskom Vrhovnog štaba i glavnine partizanskih snaga na prostor istočne Bosne stvorena je šira oslobođena teritorija sa sjedištem u Foči. Već u februaru 1942. godine Vrhovni štab je donio propis kojim je regulisano formiranje, ustrojstvo i rad narodnooslobodilačkih odbora (NOO). Ovi propisi su poznati kao “Fočanski propisi”, kojima su NOO utemeljeni kao privremeni organi narodne vlasti. U cjelini gledano, fočanski propisi su stvarali elemente novog sistema narodne vlasti na oslobođenom području. Krajinskim propisima iz septembra 1942. godine narodnooslobodilački odbori postaju stalni organi vlasti, a na drugom zasjedanju AVNOJ-a pravno su ozakonjeni kao lokalni organi vlasti nove federativne Jugoslavije. Ustavom Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije narodnooslobodilački odbori potvrđeni su i proglašeni osnovnim organima državne vlasti i dobili su ustavno-pravnu garanciju i zaštitu. U radu su elaborirana temeljna pitanja ustrojstva i načina rada NOO tokom narodnooslobodilačkog rata (NOR) u Bosni i Hercegovini, njihova demokratska osnova, doprinos u organizaciji antifašističke borbe te njihova uloga u rješavanju ekonomskih, socijalnih, zdravstvenih i drugih egzistencijalnih životnih pitanja, kao i pitanja lične i imovinske sigurnosti građana na oslobođenim teritorijama.
ZAVNOS I ZAVNOBIH U KOMUNISTIČKOJ KONCEPCIJI STVARANJA FEDERATIVNE JUGOSLAVIJE
Authors: Kožar Azem
Published: September 2021

U konceptu globalne politike jugoslovenskog ratnog federalizma došlo je i do uspostave partizanske autonomije Sandžaka, osnivanjem ZAVNO Sandžaka u Pljevljima 20. novembra 1943. godine. To je vrijeme uspona NOB-a na širem jugoslovenskom prostoru, kada su formirana i neka druga (ne sva) antifašistička vijeća u federalnim jedinicama nastajuće Jugoslavije. Između ostaloga, tada je, tačnije 25. i 26. novembra 1943. formirano i ZAVNO Bosne i Hercegovine, a što je ubrzo nakon toga zaokruženo stavovima o stvaranju jugoslovenske federacije na Drugom zasjedanju AVNOJ-a u Jajcu 28. i 29. 11. 1943. godine. Doimalo se da je ovim odlukama de fakto uobličena vizija KPJ o državnopravnom (teritorijalnom), ali i nacionalnom pitanju na području nastajuće federativne Jugoslavije. Međutim, u pozadini tih zbivanja, prije, u toku i nakon održavanja Drugog zasjedanja AVNOJ-a, postojale su u rukovodstvu NOP-a brojne dileme i nesuglasice, koje su se u krajnjem, između ostaloga, pozitivno odrazile na poziciju ZAVNOBiH-a na putu njegove afirmacije iz političke u državotvornu funkciju, dok je jedino ZAVNOS od samog osnivanja krenuo silaznom putanjom, da bi na svom Drugom zasjedanju 29. marta 1945. godine bio rasformiran, a Sandžak podijeljen između Srbije i Crne Gore linijom razgraničenja iz Prvog balkanskog rata 1913. godine. Naučna objašnjenja slijeda događanja koji su rezultirali ne samo ukidanjem autonomije Sandžaka već i njegovom podjelom, nisu još uvijek cjelovita, između ostaloga i zbog toga što je to bila jedna od tabu tema socijalističke historiografije. Namjera autora ovog priloga je osvrt na uzroke ukidanja ratne autonomije Sandžaka, prije svega kroz prizmu partijskih stajališta o muslimanskom (bošnjačkom) nacionalnom pitanju, koja su, direktno ili indirektno, došla do izražaja u odnosima prema ZAVNOBiH-u i ZAVNOS-u.
UTJECAJ ZAVNOBIH-A NA KULTURU I OBRAZOVANJE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI NAKON DRUGOG SVJETSKOG RATA
Authors: Nametak Muhamed
Published: September 2021

Na osnovu arhivske građe i dosadašnjih rezultata historijskih istraživanja autor ovog rada pokušava da analizira promjene u kulturi koje su nastupile kao posljedica komunističkog preuzimanja vlasti. U trajanju od Prvog zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a pa do 1950. desile su se brojne promjene u kulturi i prosvjeti Bosne i Hercegovine u odnosu na dotadašnji period. Obrazovanje je postalo dostupno većem broju ljudi, a institucionalna izgradnja bosanskohercegovačkog kulturnog života dala je priliku za stjecanje znanja kao nikad do tada. Međutim, ne treba zanemariti ni činjenicu da je sav kulturni život bio duboko ideologiziran tako da je kultura pored svoje imanentne uloge imala i ulogu indoktrinacije stanovništva i omladine komunističkom ideologijom.
ZAŠTO JE, I KOMU, ZAVNOBIH SPORAN?
Authors: Cvitković Ivan
Published: September 2021

Politička situacija u Bosni i Hercegovini u vrijeme ZAVNOBiH-a i danas (Nacionalizam; umiranje jedne i rađanje druge države; promjena vrijednosti; traženje političkih saveznika izvan Bosne i Hercegovine; ZAVNOBiH je bio alternativa, postoji li danas alternativa; strah; iluzije o “našoj” istini). Je li nacionalni ključ “zahrđao”? (Ustav iz 1910. godine; je li moguće u zemlji u kojoj se 96% stanovnika izjašnjava kao Bošnjaci, Hrvati, Srbi zanemariti nacionalni ključ; zna li se današnja politika odnositi prema nacionalnim i religijskim identitetima). O jeziku rode da ti pojem, o jeziku glupom tvom i mudrom mojem – Krleža (Kako se ZAVNOBiH odnosio prema pitanju jezika, a kako današnji političari). Kako je ZAVNOBiH odredio Bosnu i Hercegovinu? (Osvrt na dokumente, izlaganje R. Čolakovića). Odnos najistaknutijih srpskih i hrvatskih političara prema Bosni i Hercegovini 1943. i danas (Stavovi Đ. Pucara, R. Čolakovića, N. Mastilovića, B. Brajkovića, J. Grgurića i stavovi današnjih političara prema Bosni i Hercegovini). Odnos ZAVNOBiH-a prema religiji (Sudjelovanje svećenika na zasjedanjima ZAVNOBiH-a; odnos partizanskog pokreta prema prakticiranju religije; osnivanje Komisije za vjerska pitanja; o vjerskoj pouci u školama). Zaključna razmatranja.
RECEPCIJA AKSIOLOGIJE ZAVNOBIH-a U POSTDEJTONSKOJ BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI: DIVERGENTNO POIMANJE EMANCIPACIJSKE I LIBERTANSKE POLITIKE
Authors: Fejzić Elvis
Published: September 2021

Ideje i političke koncepcije koje su promovirane od strane ZAVNOBiH-a imaju trajnu vrijednost, jer etabliraju načela emancipacijske i libertanske politike. Prava koja su obećana i garantirana – pojedincima ili širim kolektivitetima u Bosni i Hercegovini – u sferi izbornog biranja, udruživanja, okupljanja, izražavanja vjeroispovijesti, informiranja, vlasništva, privatne inicijative, rodne ravnopravnosti, političke participacije, državljanske identifikacije, identitetske politike, pravne jednakosti i nenasilnog žalbenog otpora vlasti, u osnovi, nedvosmisleno potvrđuju da su aksiološki postulati ZAVNOBiH-a kompatibilni s demokratskom, republikanskom i egalitarnom političkom vizijom i praksom. Ideje ZAVNOBiH-a nastale su kao rezultat sinteze dotadašnjih dometa demokratske, slobodarske i pacifističke politike koja je razvijana i prihvaćena nakon Francuske buržoaske revolucije. Zbog toga ne bi trebalo dovoditi u pitanje normativni demokratski potencijal koji u sebi nose i promoviraju ideje ZAVNOBiH-a. Ipak, u postdejtonskoj političkoj epohi bosanskohercegovačke državnosti, uzmimo, recepcija ovih civilizacijskih vrijednosti dovodi se nerijetko u pitanje i, uz to, negira, marginalizira i minimizira – od strane nekih političkih elita koje ne priznaju historijsku genezu, teritorijalni integritet i politički subjektivitet države Bosne i Hercegovine – što predstavlja kamuflirani oblik antidržavnog i protudemokratskog političkog ponašanja
Digital Agenda, New Technologies and Education for the Integration of Europe: an Economic Study
Authors: Cifuentes-Faura Javier
Published: September 2021

New technologies are a key factor for integration in Europe by enabling citizens to solve their daily problems and interact with people everywhere. The European Commission established the Digital Agenda for Europe with the aim of improving the speed of navigation, establishing a single market for telecommunications and achieving a digital single market. We highlight the importance of applying new technologies in the field of education, since teaching and learning through these means will contribute to increasing creativity and reasoning capacity, allowing for more interactive and participative learning. The Horizon Report and the new emerging technologies proposed by that report are analysed, and are aimed not only at facilitating learning, but also at enabling a more integrated Europe. It also presents some technological ideas to be developed in the educational field that will enhance the development and integration of the EU Member States. Furthermore, in order to analyse the influence of the use of the Internet and new technologies on other socio-economic variables, a regression analysis has been carried out. The objective is to study whether in any way the fact that citizens use the Internet affects variables such as Gross Domestic Product, unemployment or Human Development Index which may affect the integration of Europe.
Assessment of Feldstein’s ‘Global Imbalance'
Authors: Mlodkowski Pawel
Published: September 2021

This note is a systematic review of arguments provided by Feldstein (2008) on the necessity for global readjustments, both in the U.S. and in main trading partners. The purpose is to address the main arguments in the scientific and political debate on persistent To date, there has been no publication that challenged the opinions leading to totally wrong forecasts concerning the global imbalance. With a perspective of more than 10 years of post-2008-crisis developments, and together with empirical evidence one can easily see how erroneous were the arguments formulated in 2008. The tasks included a systematic review of all arguments formulated by Martin Feldstein in 2008, and casting them against empirical evidence. The U.S. current account (CA) deficit has continued for many years, since 1982, and has not changed, as foreseen by Feldstein. The primary method is a simple comparative analysis, supported by basic macroeconomic data. They allow to reveal multiple processes leading to further deterioration of the U.S. trade balance. Neither savings rate domestically nor abroad adjusted to give a basis for solving the global imbalance. In the same time, all traditional arguments presented on global imbalances seem undeniable. However, an alternative interpretation of the imbalance does not recognize the CA deficit as “a gift to the U.S. economy”. This paper sheds new light on the “global imbalance”, suggesting that increasing domestic absorption by China may be an important factor in resolving the U.S. problematic and persistent trade deficit. Disaster-scenarios may be not there in the U.S. to experience. Future developments may be far from those announced, and previously expected by Feldstein in his seminal paper. A careful reader may conclude that all coming changes and adjustments will be slow, gradual, and will not cause any major issues in the global economy. Such conclusions seem most justified by hard data and therefore encouraging. As the topic remains central to open economy empirical macroeconomics, continuation of studies on this issue seems natural. The U.S. and China will remain the biggest economies, and, as such, they are central to the global situation.
Influencer Marketing from a Consumer Perspective: How Attitude, Trust, and Word of Mouth Affect Buying Behavior
Authors: Singh Kamaldeep
Published: September 2021

Influencer marketing is a marketing method that more and more companies are using when it comes to marketing brands. The purpose of the study has been to gain a deeper understanding of how social media influencers affect consumers' buying behavior. To understand this, consumers' attitudes and confidence in the phenomenon have been relevant factors to examine. The study also aimed to find out whether Word of Mouth (WoM) or social media influencers have the greatest impact on consumers' buying behavior. The results have shown that social media influencer's impact on consumers' buying behavior depends on whether attitudes are positive or negative. Consumers with positive attitudes towards social media influencers have a greater tendency to acquire what is marketed in comparison with consumers who have negative attitudes towards social media influencers, who instead refrain from buying. Factors that increase confidence in social media influencer are whether the consumer feels connected, honesty and that social media influencer in markets products / services within its area of expertise. What has been shown to play a significant role when it comes to influencing consumers' buying behaviors and attitudes is what the environment's perceptions, opinions and experiences about the phenomenon look like WoM. It has emerged that the respondents have a greater confidence in their surroundings than they have in social media influencers. This study will adopt a qualitative approach towards collection and analysis of data. Hence this study will investigate influencer marketing from a consumer perspective through a qualitative method with the help of semi-structured interviews. The researcher will conduct a minimum of 5 semi-structured interviews and analyze the data to formulate the required findings of this study.
Possibilities and Restrictions on the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Security Work in Latvia
Authors: Veinbergs Vilnis , Kisnica Ivita
Published: September 2021

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have become available not only in the military environment, but to every member of society. They can be effectively used in security work, although, if used unprofessionally, UA can pose a threat to the public or the protected object. The aim of the article is to find evidence that the use of UA for the protection of a security object can be of a technical nature. With the introduction of UA as a part of technical equipment for security work, it would be possible to immediately inspect the guarded object and track and/ or detain persons with criminal intent, or transfer the data obtained by the video camera recording system to the State Police. The primary data of the research was collected using the survey method, where the general set of research was compiled by security companies that have received the required license for the provision of Technical Security by the State Police. The experience of using UAV in Latvia and in the international environment has been analysed using the case study method; secondary data has been obtained from statistical databases and scientific literature, as well as from publicly available sources. The results of the research theoretically reflect the effectiveness of the use of UA and UAS in security work, which will provide an opportunity to reasonably conduct practical research in the security industry environment.
General Aspects and Perspectives of Immigrant Diversity in Organizations
Authors: Balevičienė Dovilė , Huber Loreta
Published: September 2021

More than 10% of the world's working-age population are migrants. Migration issues are particularly relevant in Europe, as 2.7 million people came to Europe in 2019 alone. According to the report “WWWforEurope”, the quantity of research investigating cultural diversity is on the rise, the authors of the report Dohse and Gold (2014) have also noted that cultural diversity affects critical economic variables - economic growth, innovation, and the social welfare. Therefore, Gelfand et al. (2017) argue that research on organizational behavior should include more theories of cultural diversity. There has been little such research in Lithuania, so this article aims to analyze immigrant diversity perspectives in Lithuanian organizations. The qualitative empirical research was conducted using expert interviews. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo software. The results show that Lithuania has a low level of immigrant diversity, but therefore there is currently a growing interest and awareness related to this topic. Immigrant diversity is occurring in international organizations, globally born companies, organizations expanding into foreign markets or organizations founded by immigrants themselves. Two types of organizations (according to immigrant diversity perspectives) were categorized: 1) monolithic organization (this type is more prominent, based on resistance and “discrimination-and-fairness” paradigms and highly related to the cultural context of the country); 2) multicultural organization (focus on “integration-and-learning” and “access-and-legitimacy” paradigms).