bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunological changes in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors: Mansoura University experience
Authors: Elhadidy Tamer , Abdelwahab Heba Wagih , Shahin Doaa , Hewidy Asem , Khashaba Eman , Elmorsey Rehab Ahmad , Abo El Kheir Nermin , Eid Elsayed A. , El-Mesery Ahmed , Elmaria Marwa O.
Published: August 2023

Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has affected millions of people all over the world since 2019. Infection with COVID-19 initiates a humoral immune response that produces antibodies against specific viral antigens, which in turn is supposed to provide immunity against reinfection for a period of time. The aim of this research was to study the kinetics of IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: One hundred and seventeen post-COVID-19 participants were enrolled in the study.  Qualitative assessment of IgM and IgG antibodies over six months (three visits) post recovery was conducted.

Results: The current study revealed a significant reduction in IgM and IgG titers between the first and second visits (p <0.001). After six months, the antibody titer had declined by 78.8% from the first visit for IgM and by 49.2% for IgG antibodies. Regarding younger age and male sex, statistically significant persistence of IgM antibodies was noticed at the six months follow up. Also, statistically significant persistent IgG immunity was found in male patients and diabetics by the end of the six months follow up.

Conclusions: We observed a significant waning of IgM and IgG titers over a period of six months follow up.. The persistence of positive IgM and IgG antibodies by the end of six months was variable due to differences in age, gender and presence of diabetes mellitus.
A comparative study on clinical outcome of conventional trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage device in a tertiary health care center
Authors: Tayal Ayushi , Daigavane Sachin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is becoming a more common cause of blindness as the world's population ages. Glaucoma, the second largest cause of blindness worldwide, accounts for approximately 15% of all blindness. However, it poses an even more significant public health concern than cataracts because the blindness it produces is irreversible.  This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of traditional trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage devices. METHODOLOGY: This is a hospital-based study of 30 patients in which we compare clinical results after conventional trabeculectomy and implantation of a glaucoma drainage device. Intraocular pressure will be measured by an Applanation tonometer and best-corrected visual acuity testing will be performed in all patients. The data will be compared, and statistical analysis will be done. EXPECTED RESULTS:  Patients with Glaucoma drainage implants will have better IOP control.
Introduction. The Life and Academic Activity of Professor Maria Bogucka (1929–2020)
Authors: Kizik Edmund
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Maria Bogucka. A Woman Writing on the History of Women
Authors: Jakuboszczak Agnieszka
Published: August 2023

Issues related to women’s history and feminism occupied a central place in Maria Bogucka’s research. It is not without significance that her work in this area corresponds to the dynamic development of research on the history of women in Western Europe and the United States. Women, often overlooked in historical research, represented important heroines not only as queens or saints, but also as characters whose group portrait was essentially worth recreating. Maria Bogucka looked to address women’s (and feminist) issues in biographies, monographs, articles and essays. To this end, she introduced the findings of foreign researchers into Polish historiography, and emphasised the specificity of the situation of women in Poland over the centuries.
Państwo demokratyczne wobec wyzwań edukacyjnych: pomiędzy ideologią, populizmem a filozofią odpowiedzialności za innych
Authors: Rebes Marcin
Published: August 2023

W artykule jest poruszony problem wyzwań edukacyjnych, takich jak kreatywność i innowacyjność, przez pryzmat XX-wiecznych problemów wynikających z ideologizacji życia, a także ze zjawiska populizmu, który oznacza nie tylko władzę ludu, ale również niszczenie symetryczności relacji w społeczeństwie. Podstawą tego porządku jest ujmowanie państwa jako substancji etycznej, której podstawą jest odpowiedzialność za innych. Kryzys kultury europejskiej, jej racjonalizm, stwarzał poważne problemy dla człowieka. Człowiek zaczął upraszczać świat, sprowadzać do tego, co należące do świata przyrody, do naturalizmu, a także do metody matematyczno-przyrodniczej. Dzisiejszym wyzwaniem jest przywrócenie racjonalności, ale nie naiwnej, lecz twórczej, która łączy różnorodność i nie niszczy przy tym istniejącej różnicy. Rozum nie jest przeciwieństwem doświadczenia, nie wyklucza go, a nawet nanim buduje swoją podstawę, jaką jest odpowiedzialność za siebie i innych.
Between Freedom and Equality: L. T. Hobhouse and the Idea of Social-Liberal Concept of Education
Authors: Bartłomiej Kossakowski-Kisiel
Published: August 2023

The idea of education has evolved through debates on the different visions of the goals to be served by the education of citizens. One of the objectives of education concerns the individual’s role as a member of society, wherein individual and collective values are juxtaposed; this objective is linked to the centuries-old debate between liberal and conservative views on how society should be. In this paper, the attempt is to reconstruct the socio-philosophical thought of Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse, one of the main representatives of the New Liberals among British intellectuals at the turn of the 20th century. His thinking can be considered an alternative approach to the relationship between the individual and the state. Although the question of education does not appear to be the main focus of the philosopher’s writings, it seems, however, that the framework of the concept of education can be set by drawing on his anthropological, axiological and normative theory. The specific value of Hobhouse’s thought should be seen not only in the context of the crisis of contemporary liberal thought but also as an attempt to discuss the education founded on philosophy, rather than ideology. The thinker uniquely combines freedom, the central idea of liberalism, with the idea of equality. In this new perspective of society, the individual, while pursuing the concept of good for self, does not lose sight of the other members of society.
Safety management at sports venues - reasons, conclusions, recommendations for the future in the context of EURO 2012
Authors: Tomanek Mateusz , Raniszewski Szymon , Bugajska Małgorzata , Borek Dominik
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the management of security at sports venues in the context of EURO 2012. In the main, the formal and legal regulations constituting the framework for the management of a major sports event were analyzed. The paper uses the dogmatic-egalitarian method of research, which required the analysis of detailed legal regulations of this area. The dogmatic-exegetical method, required an in-depth analysis of organizational aspects in the context of the use of literature and doctrinal views, as well as analysis of the legal text. The article presents the personal views of the authors and cannot be interpreted as the position of any body, entity or institution.
"Bycie i czas". Zbiór wyszukanych i mglistych frazesów
Authors: Kondylis Panajotis , Zieliński Lech , Głowacki Patryk
Published: August 2023

Przekład tekstu Panajotisa Kondylisa: "Bycie i czas. Zbiór wyszukanych i mglistych frazesów". 

Przekład i opracowanie:

Lech ZielińskiUniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polskae-mail: lechziel@umk.plORCID: 0000-0003-1265-8873

 

Patryk Głowacki

Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska

e-mail: glowwacki@gmail.com

ORCID: 0000-0001-9095-784X
Skewness Sentiment and Market Anomalies
Authors: Kumar Alok , Motahari Mehrshad , Taffler Richard J.
Published: August 2023

This study demonstrates that skewness preference of investors is an important driver of various market anomalies. Using a combined measure of mispricing based on 11 prominent anomaly strategies, we show that return predictability associated with the mispricing component of market anomalies is stronger among firms with higher idiosyncratic skewness. The predictability differences are driven by the higher underperformance of high-skewness firms in short anomaly portfolios. Skewness does not affect the performance of long anomaly portfolios. Portfolio holdings data from a retail brokerage firm show that investors with stronger skewness preferences assign relatively larger weights to stocks in short anomaly portfolios.

This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4898 .
Supply Chain Finance Redefined: A Supply Chain-Centric Viewpoint of Working Capital, Hedging, and Risk Management
Authors: Kouvelis Panos
Published: August 2023

Problem definition: The narrow definition of supply chain finance (SCF) as a financing scheme for accounts receivables fails to capture the knowledge creation of MSOM research scholars of the last 25 years who labored in the area under this label. A redefined definition of the research-and-application field, under the acronym integrated SCF (iSCF), better reflects the interplay of operational, financial, and risk management decisions our scholars and practitioners care about. The foundational knowledge of this field is ready to come into the classroom and elevate SCF courses from the typical “accounting and finance for supply chain managers” content to a supply-chain-centric viewpoint of important decisions in working capital management, effective cash-flow hedging, and integrated risk management of global supply chain risks. We outline the main research themes behind the iSCF research, and teaching, field; highlight concepts ready for the classroom; and pose some open research questions pointing to the future promise of the field. Methodology/results: Forum paper. MSOM Fellow opinion on topic of supply chain finance and risk management based on his published research. Managerial implications: A supply-chain-centric view on state-of-the-art practices for improved working capital, hedging, and risk management in global supply chains (integrated supply chain finance).
PLANOS DE URBANIZAÇÃO TURÍSTICA PARA CABO FRIO NOS ANOS DE 1940 E 1950
Authors: Macêdo Karla Maria Rios , Christovão Joao Henrique Oliveira
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo faz uma análise dos dois primeiros projetos de urbanização turística formulados para Cabo Frio entre as décadas de 1940 e 1950. Os projetos aqui discutidos caracterizam-se por apresentarem aspectos que divergem sensivelmente do modo como as políticas públicas para o turismo foram implementadas na cidade, bem como a forma pela qual se deu a urbanização do município, principalmente em sua área central. Não obstante o fato de tais projetos não terem sido implantados, eles representam um conjunto de ideias que precisa ser analisado e entendido. Nosso objetivo é avaliar as transformações socioespaciais propostas pelos planos de urbanização em oposição àquelas que foram, de fato, implementadas, de modo a deixar claro o papel desempenhado pelas diferentes forças políticas e econômicas presentes ao longo do período analisado, possibilitando, assim, entender as escolhas que resultaram nos aspectos implementados de modo a identificar e compreender o projeto de cidade e, por consequência, de sociedade que daí emergiu. Embora o turismo em Cabo Frio passe a ter maior importância a partir da década de 1970, sua gênese se encontra nos anos 1940 e coincide com o momento de surgimento do primeiro grande projeto de urbanização para a cidade. Nos amparamos metodologicamente nos estudos realizados por Lefebvre acerca da importância da descrição empírica antes de qualquer teorização. As principais fontes utilizadas para discutir o processo de transformação no qual se insere a atividade turística em Cabo Frio, além dos planos de urbanização, são as Atas da Câmara Municipal, depositados no Arquivo Público da Câmara Municipal da cidade de Cabo Frio, além de uma série de periódicos veiculados ao longo do período. Os dois grandes projetos aqui analisados são o dos irmãos Coimbra Bueno (década de 1940), secundado pelo dos irmãos Roberto, já na década de 1950. Ambos ocorreram em um período em que o turismo ainda não tinha grande importância econômica para a cidade nem havia começado a ser tratado como política pública. O primeiro propunha essencialmente o uso turístico da cidade, enquanto o segundo, ainda que o turismo fosse seu objeto principal, tinha uma preocupação com outros aspectos, como educação, saúde e agricultura.
O ENTRELACE TURISMO E PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL: O CASO DE OURO PRETO (1938-2020)
Authors: Medina Leite Féres Leila
Published: August 2023

A partir da compreensão de que o turismo se estabelece através de valores construídos historicamente e agregados a partir de situações sociais que se engendram ao longo dos séculos, busco analisar as interrelações entre turismo e patrimônio cultural no Brasil e, principalmente, na cidade de Ouro Preto, que experimenta, desde 1938, diferentes incentivos patrimoniais e turísticos. Se por um lado, o turismo era visto como atividade de promoção, desenvolvimento e sustento do patrimônio cultural, por outro, depois de décadas de experiência, é possível afirmar que, ainda que as viagens turísticas signifiquem um aporte econômico nas cidades que hospedam e comercializam produtos (assim como passeios e experiências), esse aporte se torna cada vez menos significativo em locais que propiciam uma visitação rápida, exigida por uma sociedade que demanda consumo acelerado e em grande variedade.
Effectiveness of zinc therapy for the treatment of pressure ulcers
Authors: Chica Jessica Cazalilla , Hill James Edward
Published: August 2023

Pressure ulcers are a significant burden in healthcare settings, impacting patients’ lives and incurring substantial costs. Nutrition, including the micronutrient zinc, plays a role in wound healing. However, controversy exists regarding zinc supplementation for pressure ulcer management. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy, optimal dosages, and safety of oral zinc supplementation. This commentary provides a critical appraisal of the systematic review conducted by Song et al (2020) , which evaluates the efficacy of zinc therapy in the treatment of pressure sores, focusing on the implementation of the nutritional recommendations in context to practice.
Repositioning for pressure injury prevention in adults: a commentary on a Cochrane review
Authors: Harris Catherine , Entwistle Elaine , Batty Stacey , Wood Siobhan , Hill James Edward
Published: August 2023

Repositioning is regarded as an important intervention to prevent the development of pressure injuries in patients who are immobile. However, there is uncertainty as to the optimal regimen in terms of frequency and method of repositioning. This commentary summarises and critically appraises a Cochrane systematic review that assessed the clinical and costeffectiveness of different repositioning regimens on the prevention of pressure injuries in adults in any setting.
Parasites in cats and dogs
Authors: Elsheikha Hany
Published: August 2023

This workshop discussed the wide range of parasites that can infect cats and/or dogs, looked at routes of transmission, diagnosis and, most importantly, methods of treatment and control.
A new species of Pilobalia Burmeister (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from central Peruvian Andes
Authors: GIRALDO-MENDOZA ALFREDO E.
Published: August 2023

A new species of darkling beetle, Pilobalia baldwini sp. nov. (Pimeliinae: Nycteliini) is described and illustrated on the basis of specimens collected in Angaraes, Huancavelica, Huancayo and Tayacaja provinces (Huancavelica and Junin, Peru). Morphological comparisons are made with other Pilobalia species bearing pronotum devoid of velvety setae and with Pilobalia gracilipes Kulzer, 1954, a similar species recorded in the geographical vicinity. A description, diagnosis, illustrations and distribution map are provided for the new species.
Distance-based generation of a unicursal random path on a non-grid point set for optical polishing
Authors: Feng Yunpeng , Cheng Haobo , Zhang Shaohua
Published: August 2023

In modern ultra-precision polishing, sub-aperture technologies are prone to mid-spatial frequency errors due to identical patterns of a path. A random tool path on a regular point set is widely used to suppress mid-spatial frequency errors. In this study, two non-grid uniform point sets, the Fibonacci and the three-directional, were introduced into optical polishing. To solve the time-consuming problem caused by a large amount of distance calculation, a distance-based weighted random (DBWR) algorithm and a linear programming and connecting (LPC) algorithm were presented. The DBWR algorithm reduces the generation time by strengthening the weight of the neighboring points in a specific direction, while the LPC algorithm adjusts the order and distance of points artificially. Then a random stitching method was proposed for the large-scale point set applying to large-sized optical surfaces, which dramatically reduced the generation time. Finally, experiments validated that the algorithms for non-grid sets can be effectively used for optical surface figuring without introducing an apparent mid-spatial frequency.
Three-dimensional polarization effects in optical tunneling
Authors: Guo Mengwen , Norrman Andreas , Friberg Ari T. , Gil Jose J. , Setälä Tero
Published: August 2023

We consider the three-dimensional (3D) polarimetric properties of an evanescent optical field excited in the gap of a double-prism system by a random plane wave. The analysis covers the case of frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR), i.e., optical tunneling, and relies on the characteristic decomposition of the 3×3 polarization matrix. We find in particular that, for any incident partially polarized plane wave, the evanescent field inside the gap is necessarily in a nonregular, genuine 3D polarization state. We also show that the 3D polarimetric properties of the field at the second boundary are sensitive to the changes of the gap width and that the relevant effects occur for the smaller widths when the angle of incidence of the plane wave becomes larger. The results of this work uncover new aspects of the polarimetric structure of genuine 3D evanescent fields and may find applications in near-field optics and surface nanophotonics.
FDTD modeling of excitation-balanced, mJ-level pulse amplifiers in Yb-doped double-clad optical fibers
Authors: Yu Nanjie , Xiong Mingye , Dragic Peter D.
Published: August 2023

A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation of Yb-doped cladding-pumped, mJ-level, excitation-balanced fiber pulse amplifiers (EBFAs) is presented. In EBFAs, two pumps, one above (anti-Stokes pump, or ASP) and one below (Stokes pump, or SP) the signal wavelength, are utilized to reduce the net thermal energy generated due to the quantum defect. From the results of the FDTD simulation, detailed analyses on the fiber length optimization, excited Yb3+ population evolution, pump and signal power evolution, optical-to-optical (o-o) conversion efficiency, wall plug efficiency, as well as thermal energy generation are performed. For example, with an ASP at 990 nm and a SP at 975 nm, only 2.3 µJ of thermal energy is produced when generating a 2 mJ output pulse at 985 nm, whereas a pulse amplifier with only SP pumping rendering the same 2 mJ output gives more than 10 times the thermal energy. In the meantime, the system maintains an o-o efficiency of 8.43% and wall plug efficiency of 6.6%. The results here indicate the feasibility of the power-scaling of excitation-balanced laser systems, and the FDTD model will be beneficial for the design and optimization of such systems. The first half of this paper presents the FDTD model and provides an example calculation outlining the modeling procedure. The remaining half details the impact of varying laser parameters on system performance. These include pumping and input signal energies, repetition rates, and selection of the ASP, SP, and signal wavelengths. The results presented herein can also be extended to excitation balancing in other solid-state laser systems, such as Yb:YAG and Tm:YAG lasers.
Incoherent diffractive optical elements for extendable field-of-view imaging
Authors: Igarashi Takuto , Naruse Makoto , Horisaki Ryoichi
Published: August 2023

We present a diffractive optics design for incoherent imaging with an extendable field-of-view. In our design method, multiple layers of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are synthesized so that images on the input plane illuminated with spatially incoherent light are reproduced upright on the output plane. In addition, our method removes the need for an approximation of shift invariance, which has been assumed in conventional optical designs for incoherent imaging systems. Once the DOE cascade is calculated, the field-of-view can be extended by using an array of such DOEs without further calculation. We derive the optical condition to calculate the DOEs and numerically demonstrate the proposed method with the condition.
Robust Ramsey interferometer based on a single Rydberg polariton
Authors: Fan Jiabei , Jiao Yuechun , Li Changcheng , Bai Jingxu , Zhao Jianming , Jia Suotang
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate a robust single-photon Ramsey interferometer based on a single Rydberg excitation, where the photon is stored as a Rydberg polariton in an ensemble of atoms. This coherent conversion of the photon to Rydberg polariton enables to split an incoming photon into a superposition state of two Rydberg states by applying microwave fields, which constructs two paths of interferometer. Ramsey interference fringes are demonstrated when we scan either the detuning of the microwave or the free evolution time, from which we can obtain the resonant transition frequency of two Rydberg states. We use the Ramsey-like sequence to demonstrate coherent manipulation of the stored single-photon to construct different interference patterns. In addition, the robustness of the Ramsey interferometer to the fluctuation of incoming photon numbers and optical depth (OD) of the atomic ensemble is tested, showing that the coherent of Ramsey interferometer is preserved for input photon number in a range of R
in
 < 15 and for OD varying from 1.0 to 4.0. The robust interferometer will find its applications in quantum precision measurement.
Scoring epidemiological forecasts on transformed scales
Authors: Bosse Nikos I. , Abbott Sam , Cori Anne , van Leeuwen Edwin , Bracher Johannes , Funk Sebastian
Published: August 2023

Forecast evaluation is essential for the development of predictive epidemic models and can inform their use for public health decision-making. Common scores to evaluate epidemiological forecasts are the Continuous Ranked Probability Score (CRPS) and the Weighted Interval Score (WIS), which can be seen as measures of the absolute distance between the forecast distribution and the observation. However, applying these scores directly to predicted and observed incidence counts may not be the most appropriate due to the exponential nature of epidemic processes and the varying magnitudes of observed values across space and time. In this paper, we argue that transforming counts before applying scores such as the CRPS or WIS can effectively mitigate these difficulties and yield epidemiologically meaningful and easily interpretable results. Using the CRPS on log-transformed values as an example, we list three attractive properties: Firstly, it can be interpreted as a probabilistic version of a relative error. Secondly, it reflects how well models predicted the time-varying epidemic growth rate. And lastly, using arguments on variance-stabilizing transformations, it can be shown that under the assumption of a quadratic mean-variance relationship, the logarithmic transformation leads to expected CRPS values which are independent of the order of magnitude of the predicted quantity. Applying a transformation of log(x + 1) to data and forecasts from the European COVID-19 Forecast Hub, we find that it changes model rankings regardless of stratification by forecast date, location or target types. Situations in which models missed the beginning of upward swings are more strongly emphasised while failing to predict a downturn following a peak is less severely penalised when scoring transformed forecasts as opposed to untransformed ones. We conclude that appropriate transformations, of which the natural logarithm is only one particularly attractive option, should be considered when assessing the performance of different models in the context of infectious disease incidence.
Prevalence and persistence of cost-related medication non-adherence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among medicare patients at high risk of hospitalization
Authors: Zhang James X. , Meltzer David O.
Published: August 2023

Objective

To study cost-related medication non-adherence (CRN) for a 30-month period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using a sample of Medicare patients at high risk of hospitalization.

Design

A novel data set of quarterly surveys of CRN was used to evaluate CRN before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analyses were conducted to evaluate the adjusted coefficients of change in CRN behaviors controlling for socio-demographic and health characteristics.

Participants

Six hundred seventy-seven Medicare beneficiaries at high risk of hospitalization who were alive on January 1, 2020 and followed up through quarterly surveys on CRN for 30 months before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main outcomes and measures

Two metrics of prevalence and persistence of CRN and their adjusted coefficients in GEE with binomial family distribution and log link function controlling for socio-demographic and health characteristics.

Results

A total of 5,990 quarterly surveys were completed by the 677 patients during the 30-month study period. Among the 677 patients, 250 (37%) were men, 591 (87%) were African American, and 288 (42%) were Medicare-Medicaid dual eligible. The unadjusted prevalence of CRN before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was 31.1% and 25.7% respectively (p = 0.02 by Chi-squared test), and persistent CRN rates were 12.1% and 9.7% respectively (p = 0.17 by Chi-squared test). The adjusted odds ratio of CRN prevalence during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic level was 0.75 (p<0.01), and 0.74 (p = 0.03) for persistent CRN in GEE estimations.

Conclusion and relevance

There are coherent evidence of a reversal of CRN rates during the COVID-19 pandemic among this high-need, high-cost resource utilization Medicare population. Patients’ CRN behaviors may be responsive to exogenous impacts, and the behaviors changed in the same direction with similar magnitude in terms of prevalence (the extensive margin) and persistence (the intensive margin). More research is needed to advance the understanding of the driving forces behind patients’ behavioral changes and to identify factors that may be informative for reducing CRN in the long run.
A perennial living mulch system fosters a more diverse and balanced soil bacterial community
Authors: Li Hanxia , Hill Nicholas , Wallace Jason
Published: August 2023

Cover crops are known to positively impact soil health, both at a physical level (through erosion control and organic matter enhancement) and at a biological level (by fostering more diverse microbial communities). However, most research in this area has been conducted in the context of annual cover crops that are terminated when the main crop is planted. We have previously demonstrated that a continuous “living mulch” cover crop system can enhance the physical and chemical aspects of soil health; In this study, we reveal its effect on the soil bacterial community and compare it to two different annual cover crops and a conventional control without cover crops. We examined the effect of a living-mulch (LM) system using perennial white clover (Trifolium pratense L), annual cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) (CR), annual crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) (CC), and a no-cover (NC) control at three time points during the 2018 growing season. 16S rRNA amplicon analysis of the soil bacterial community revealed that the community composition in cover crop systems was significantly different from the NC control, and that LM and CR accommodated more heterogeneous and even bacterial communities compared to the NC control. The difference in bacterial composition between cover crop systems appears to be partly influenced by soil nitrogen concentration and lime buffer capacity. Overall community diversity was associated with nitrogen and metal ion concentrations, and these associations were both stronger and more numerous later in the season. These results elucidate how a perennial cover crop system affects the soil bacterial community and advance our understanding of the interactions between crops, management practices, and soil microbiomes in sustainable agriculture.
Comparison of INTREPID® balanced and hybrid tips on anterior capsule rupture in ex vivo porcine eyes
Authors: Ichikawa Kei , Tanaka Yoshiki , Tokiwa Seiji , Naito Airi , Hidaka Yuji , Ichikawa Reiko , Ichikawa Kazuo , Yamamoto Naoki
Published: August 2023

Phacoemulsification has emerged as the global standard for cataract surgery, and various novel methods, tools, and agents have promoted surgical efficiency and reduced complications. Conventionally, the phaco tip, which cleaves and aspirates the cataractous lens, has been mainly constructed of metal. In this study, the risk of anterior capsule rupture was evaluated under conditions of different power modes, longitudinal (Mode-L), torsional (Mode-T), or both (Mode-LT), and different aspiration powers (0 or 200 mmHg), using a traditional metal phaco tip (Group-M) or a new phaco tip with a high-strength polymer overmold on the needle edge (Group-P), which was developed to reduce the risk of capsule rupture. One hundred twenty porcine eyes were used for experiments within a setting of typical human physiological intraocular pressure. We found that Group-M showed capsule rupture with a smaller ultrasound power than did Group-P, regardless of power mode or aspiration power. In Group-M, there was no significant difference in risk of capsule rupture among power modes, however in Group-P, capsule rupture was least likely to occur with Mode-T. These results provide useful information for inexperienced ophthalmologists to improve surgical safety.
Transportation infrastructure and eco-environmental quality: Evidence from China’s high-speed rail
Authors: Wei Lan-ye , Liu Zhao
Published: August 2023

Ecological civilization construction is China’s national development strategy, and improving the urban eco-environmental quality is the key to accelerating this strategy, while the high-speed rail (HSR) opening is an important factor affecting the urban eco-environmental quality. Using panel data of 290 cities in China from 2004 to 2020, this study explores the impact of HSR opening on urban eco-environmental quality and its heterogeneity from the perspective of direct impact and interaction between HSR connected cities. Compared with cities without HSR service, the eco-environmental quality of cities with HSR service has significantly increased by 0.023 standard deviations, which is about 4.11% of the total change in urban eco-environmental quality in the same period. Second, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between eco-environmental quality and urban space expansion. Third, the impact of HSR on eco-environmental quality is heterogeneous, mainly manifested in different cities and urban agglomerations. It means that the government should focus on the differences in the economic foundation and development characteristics of various regions, steadily push forward the construction and operation of the HSR, and speed up the renovation of existing lines to help the green development of cities. The research results provide a policy basis for the government to handle the relationship between infrastructure construction and eco-environmental quality, and effectively promote green sustainable development.
Linfoma de Burkitt esporádico na mandíbula: relato de caso
Authors: Queiroz Fabrísia Loise Cassiano , Zanatta Emanoel , Candido Isabella Romão , Borba Alexandre Meireles
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O linfoma de Burkitt é um linfoma não-Hodgkin de células B, que foi descrito pela primeira vez como um sarcoma envolvendo a mandíbula em crianças africanas. Desde então, o esquema de classificação se expandiu para incluir três categorias: endêmica, esporádica e associada a imunodeficiência. Se caracteriza como uma neoplasia rara, complexa e que, de acordo com estudos recentes, vem aumentando na população. Indivíduos com alterações imunológicas ou acometidos pelo vírus Epstein-Bar estão mais suscetíveis a essa doença. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso raro de linfoma de Burkitt esporádico com manifestação na mandíbula, diagnosticado em um paciente jovem, e destacar a importância dos profissionais de saúde no reconhecimento das neoplasias que acometem o complexo maxilomandibular. Resultados: O laudo da biópsia revelou achados em mucosa com infiltrados por proliferação difusa de células de médio tamanho, monomórficas, com núcleos redondos, múltiplos nucléolos e citoplasma basofílico, compatível com infiltração por neoplasia linfoproliferativa, com diagnóstico de mucosa malpighiana por células atípicas de aspecto linfoide, sugerindo linfoma de Burkitt. Conclusão: A sobreposição de intervenção odontológica prévia pode ser fator de confusão à manifestação bucomaxilofacial da doença; por isso, a atenção à rápida perda de funções deve ser sinal de alerta para alterações de maior morbidade.
Morfo-anatomía e histoquímica de órganos vegetativos de Lycium humile (Solanaceae): rasgos adaptativos a humedales salinos de altura
Authors: Leal Mariana , Mercado M. Inés , Cuello A. Soledad , Zampini I. Catiana , Ponessa Graciela I. , Isla M. Inés
Published: August 2023

Lycium humile Phil., is an extreme halophyte plant, endemic to Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile, which grows between 2000 and 4000 m a.s.l. in saline wetlands environments. The aim of this work is to identify morpho-anatomical and histochemical adaptive characteristics of the vegetative organs of L. humile linked to its tolerance to extreme environments of high altitude saline wetlands, in order to evaluate its potential as source of metabolites with commercial value or as source of resistance genes related to abiotic stress tolerance. To carry out the analysis, during the period of February 2018, samples were obtained from plants belonging to 4 populations of the species (5 individuals per population) located at the departments of Antofagasta de la Sierra, Santa María and Ambato, province of Catamarca, Argentina. Leaf and stems were studied using histochemical tests, conventional histological preparations and optical microscopy. Different foliar tissues were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy coupled to elemental X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDS). The leaves and stems of the analyzed populations showed uniform anatomical and histochemical features. It was stated for the first time that the succulence of the leaf is reached by the folding of the tissues evidenced in a tridimensional venation pattern. The presence of isolateral-radial mesophyll and aquifer parenchyma is highlighted as a unique feature characteristic for the species. The glandular trichomes and palisade parenchyma revealed complex contents of phenols, flavonoids, proteins, lipids, terpenes, and alkaloids; while the outer layer of the cuticles presented phenolic, terpenic and lipidic deposits. The EDS analysis showed crystalliferous idioblasts with high contents of Ca2+ and Na+. The stems exhibited hypodermis and air chambers formed in the cortical and medullary layers. These anatomical and histochemical characteristics of L. humile represent adaptive traits to saline high-altitude wetland environments. Its functionality in relation to the environment and its potential as source of resistance genes and metabolites interesting for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries are discussed.
Władza polityczna w refleksji humanizmu pedagogiki społecznej
Authors: Pilch Tadeusz
Published: August 2023

Artykuł przedstawia złożoną i wielopłaszczyznową historię władzy jako zjawiska politycznego, oraz humanizmu jako systemu wartości moralnych z naciskiem na ich humanitarny sens, czyli na mechanizmy regulujące stosunki międzyludzkie. Zarów
no władza jak i obszar humanizmu ogólnoludzkiego, są zjawiskami bardzo silnie uzależnionymi od czasu i warunków, jakie czas kształtuje i narzuca rzeczywistości, zarówno w obszarze zachowań społecznych człowieka, jak i warunków materialnych, gospodarczych w jakich kolejne pokolenia i różne formacje kulturowe określonych społeczeństw egzystują.
Historia człowieka dość jednoznacznie ukazuje dominację zjawiska władzy nad elementami kultury i innych humanistycznych warunków i wartości życia ludzkiego. Czynnik decydujący o jakości życia społecznego, oraz kształtowania się jakości kultury i cywilizacji człowieka, zależy od charakteru władzy, która objawiać się może w postaci „służby”, lub w postaci „panowania”.
Rozróżnienie tych dwu form władzy sięga korzeniami do źródeł religijnych ksiąg Nowego Testamentu, oraz do najstarszych dokumentów filozofii greckiej, do Arystotelesa i Stoików. Jednak praktyka władzy starożytnej, a jeszcze bardziej średniowiecznej doprowadziła do trwałego ukształtowania się władzy jako narzędzia panowania. Najdobitniej objawiło się to w koncepcjach makiawellizmu na początku 16. w.
Następnie artykuł ilustruje historyczne przykłady władców „służebnych” i władców „panujących”. Niestety, dominacja tych drugich nad pierwszymi jest przytłaczająca. Równocześnie zauważyć można w narracji historii powszechnej wyjątkowe traktowanie wszelkiej władzy bez względu na jej udokumentowane winy i okrucieństwo. I ta pobłażliwość wobec władzy panującej jest zdumiewająca zważywszy na ciągłość okrucieństwa i zbrodni, jakie obciążają władzę od starożytności do współczesności, zważywszy na fakt, że władza na wszelkie sposoby niszczyła naczelną wartość współczesnego świata: godność ludzką. Wiek XX nie pozostawia złudzeń, że w konflikcie między wartościami humanizmu i jej główną wartością – godnością człowieka niekwestionowanym zwycięzcą jest „władza”.
Znaczenie edukacji dorosłych w budowaniu relacji międzypokoleniowych w starzejącym się polskim społeczeństwie
Authors: Konieczna-Woźniak Renata
Published: August 2023

Znaczenie edukacji dorosłych w procesach budowania relacji międzypokoleniowych jest podkreślane w andragogice od wielu lat. Coraz silniejsza odmienność pokoleń wynika z różnych zdarzeń, doświadczeń historycznych, społeczno-kulturowych i obecnego szybkiego rozwoju nowoczesnych technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane problemy powiązane z wielopokoleniowością w polskim starzejącym się społeczeństwie. Szukanie rozwiązań dotyczących budowana więzi pomiędzy osobami w różnym wieku jest aktualnym, ważnym wyzwaniem dla andragogów i gerontologów. Opisane przykłady miejsc, przestrzeni uczenia się dorosłych z różnych pokoleń pokazują szanse na dialog międzypokoleniowy oraz łamanie stereotypów dotyczących ludzi młodych i starszych.
Patriotyzm w społeczeństwie wielokulturowym – kilka refleksji o edukacji obywatelskiej w Anglii
Authors: Hejwosz-Gromkowska Daria
Published: August 2023

Celem artykułu jest próba rekonstrukcji współczesnej debaty wokół kształtowania patriotyzmu w ramach szkolnej edukacji obywatelskiej w Anglii. Podjęta została także próba ukazania, że tożsamość narodowa, jak i obywatelstwo, stanowią nie tylko zmienną konstrukcję społeczną, ale są też uzależnione od prowadzonej polityki, czy też stają się przedmiotem politycznej gry o władzę. Ukazano, że patriotyzm w angielskiej szkole – w zależności od orientacji politycznej – ulega rozproszeniu lub krystalizacji.
O ensino de Ciências e Biologia no leste marajoara: os efeitos da covid-19 na prática docente
Authors: Nazareno de Souza dos Santos Júnior Edson , Guedes Costa Alesson , Igreja dos Santos Mayanna , Da Silva Martins-Júnior Alcindo
Published: August 2023

Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, após um período de perplexidade e paralisação das atividades educacionais, houve a necessidade de retornar às atividades educacionais e propor formas de ensinar mantendo o isolamento social e as estratégias de enfrentamento ao novo Coronavírus. Devido à impossibilidade do ensino presencial, diversas escolas aderiram ao que ficou conhecido como Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). Porém, as consequências da pandemia afetaram o processo de ensino e aprendizagem no Marajó. Este trabalho objetivou descrever o panorama educacional do ensino de Ciências e Biologia em Soure e Salvaterra. Participaram da pesquisa professores do ensino básico. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário do Google (Google Forms), e analisados quanti-qualitativamente utilizando, para tal, os dados organizados em planilhas para a produção de gráficos e Análise Descritiva dos relatos dos participantes. São evidentes o aumento da demanda de trabalho, alto número de evasão escolar, baixo índice de formação docente voltada para o ensino em período pandêmico, a falta ou deficitário acesso à internet para a maioria dos alunos e, consequentemente, pouca participação nos encontros online. A própria avaliação foi comprometida, pois a falta de contato do professor com os alunos obstruiu o caráter diagnóstico e contínuo. Os dados desta pesquisa ressaltam a explícita necessidade de formações continuadas que possam auxiliar estes profissionais em usar/desenvolver novas metodologias capazes de atuarem apesar deste novo cenário educacional. Considera-se imprescindíveis as parcerias com instituições de ensino superior e políticas voltadas à capacitação docente para a atuação efetiva em diferentes contextos.
Litter stock, litterfall and nutrients in the Amazonia: defining patterns from last 40 years of scientific research
Authors: De Matos Rodrigues Julia Isabella , Martins Walmer Bruno Rocha , Oliveira Victor Pereira de , Wanzerley Myriam Suelen da Silva , Pacheco Hiago Felipe Cardoso , Menezes Felipe Cardoso de , Oliveira Francisco de Assis
Published: August 2023

Nutrient cycling, guaranteed by the decomposition of litter, stands out as an essential process for maintaining Amazonian ecosystems. Studies on the litter layer on the soil surface are indispensable, primarily because they help provide information about functional and structural aspects of the ecosystem. Therefore, to define parameters related to the storage and production of litter and nutrients in Amazonia, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of articles in academic publications developed in Amazonia in the last 40 years (1980- 2019). We identified 83 articles, with the majority (85.39%) developed in Brazil. We found that 67% of these studies were related to the litterfall method and only 11.24% were related to both collection methods (litter stock and litterfall). The litter stock ranged from 4.94 ± 2.07 Mg ha-1 to 11.05 ± 4.67 Mg ha-1 for Agroforestry Systems (AFS) and Mixed Plantation (MIP), respectively. While litterfall ranged from 2.09 ± 1.14 Mg ha-1 year-1 to 9.01 ± 6.09 Mg ha-1 year-1 for pasture ecosystems (PAS) and AFS. The litter nutrients in Amazonia follow the following decreasing order: N>Ca>K>Mg>P. Our results indicate the need for more attention and investment in Amazonian forest research, so that more studies on the subject may be developed, especially those focusing on ecological restoration.
fenntarthatóság etikai kérdései
Authors: Zsófia Bécsi
Published: August 2023

A fenntarthatóság értelmezését mindenekelőtt filozófiai alapon kell megtennünk ahhoz, hogy pontosítsuk fogalmainkat és körvonalazzuk a problematikákat. Ezen közös nyelvi platform megalkotása után térhetünk rá a gyakorlatra, azaz az etikai vonatkozások tárgyalására. A felelősség kérdése mindaddig nem tárgyalható, amíg nem tudjuk, kire, mire, milyen idősíkokra vonatkoztatjuk azt. Továbbá el kell tudnunk helyezni az embert az ökológiai rendszerben és tisztáznunk kell szerepét a folyamatokban.
Előremutató közösségi megoldások a fővárosban és vidéken
Authors: Szilvia Nyers , Viktor Glied
Published: August 2023

Demokratikus politikai rendszerekben a közösség-szervezés/közösségfejlesztés és településfejlesztés kéz a kézben járó folyamatok. Utóbbi akkor lehet való-ban sikeres, ha a döntéshozók igyekeznek optimális mértékben bevonni az érintett lakosságot a döntések előkészítésébe, majd a fejlesztések kivitelezésébe. Ez egy teljes városrész megújításától, komplex fejlesztésétől egészen a kisléptékű, pontszerű beavatkozásig terjedhet, ahogy a bevonás mértéke és iránya egyaránt. A fizikai változtatási lehetőség mögött van egy olyan törekvés is, amely az épített környezetet használó közösség életét befolyásolja. Amennyiben a helyi lakosság érdekei találkoznak a városvezetés törekvéseivel, annak érdekében, hogy egy fenntarthatóbb, zöldebb, élhetőbb, alkalmazkodóbb környezetet alakítsanak ki, az előremutató és eredményes együttműködéshez vezethet. Az írás egy budapesti és egy pécsi esettanulmányon keresztül mutatja be a közösségi bevonás és településfejlesztés lehetőségeit.
„Szőlővel fekszik szőlővel ébred”
Authors: Pál Géza Balogh , Réka Kurucz
Published: August 2023

Az elmúlt évtizedekben az ökológia és a néprajz-antropológia találkozása egy virágzó új kutatási irányzatot eredményezett, az etnobiológia és az etnoökológia szakterületét, a hagyományos ökológiai tudás és a helyi tudások kutatását. E kutatási eredmények és hasznosíthatóságuk kérdése az ökológiai válság tendenciáinak erősödése révén egyre fontosabbá válik. Jelen tanulmány egy általános bevezető után a Villányi borvidék kisüzemi paraszti szőlőművelését a néprajzi terepmunka eszközeivel feltáró kutatás eredményeit mutatja be az 1940–1960 közötti időszakból. A kutatás során megismert lokális tudást és gazdálkodói szemléletet igyekszik a fenntarthatóság, a környezet-védelem szempontjából értelmezni, felveti az egyes ismeretek mai hasznosíthatóságának kérdését.
Niobium Silicide Diffusion Coatings: The Impact of Cu and of Ti on the Microstructure and High-Temperature Behavior
Authors: Pinto Beatriz Aparecida , D’Oliveira Ana Sofia C. M.
Published: August 2023

Silicide diffusion coatings on niobium offer attractive properties for applications at temperatures above 1,000°C because of the ability to form a protective oxide, silicon dioxide. The combination of a double layer of silicides, NbSi2 and Nb5Si3, provides a gradient of properties to the coating, mitigating the formation and propagation of cracks that otherwise allow oxygen to interact with the substrate. However, a temperature above 1,200°C is required to process double-layer silicide coatings, increasing the challenge of controlling the process and incrementing the cost of the process. The need to enhance silicide coatings without compromising their competitiveness motivates the study of the individual effects of copper and of titanium. This study processed silicide coatings by double pack cementation adding copper or titanium, respectively, to the pack mixture. Three pack mixture compositions were used: with 15 % wt. silicon, with 15 % wt. silicon + 7 % wt. copper, and 15 % wt. silicon + 7 % wt. titanium. Processing was carried out at 1,000°C for 6 hours. The coatings processed with silicon resulted on a single NbSi2 layer, but the pack mixture containing silicon and copper led to thick double-layer coatings of NbSi2 and a continuous layer of Nb5Si3, in spite of the low processing temperature. In contrast, the pack mixture containing silicon and titanium led to thinner coatings composed of a layer of NbSi2 and the discontinuous presence of Nb5Si3. Results suggest that copper and titanium impact the gaseous diffusion during processing and also the vacancy concentration in the ordered structure of NbSi2. Exposure to temperature reveals a change on the oxidation mechanisms after processing with titanium and a more significant mass gain of coatings processed with copper.