bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La sexualidad formativa a partir de las fotografías de moda y su complejidad ética
Authors: Méndez Moreno Juan Pablo
Published: September 2021

El presente texto se centra en la complejidad ética de los contenidos publicitarios que se vinculan con la moda y a los que continuamente se exponen los jóvenes en medios de streaming, internet, impresos o en medios tradicionales; anuncios promovedores de sexualidad que al mismo tiempo se relacionan con el género, rol social, nivel socioeconómico, así como estructurantes del pensamiento sobre la autopercepción corporal vinculada a la aceptación o rechazo personal y social que se funde con los estereotipos propagandísticos expuestos, principalmente en las fotografías y videos de moda. Para el análisis se ejemplificarán las complejidades éticas con una imagen de moda de Lady Gaga realizada por el fotógrafo Terry Richardson que contiene ciertos elementos gráficos que ponen en perspectiva los juicios éticos y morales, la educación formal y la informal a través de los mass media. La metodología utilizada es una técnica para análisis de la fotografía de moda llamada “pentápodo”, amalgamado con un método de autoetnografía que despeja, a través de teorías, la robustez de la problemática, así como la actuación de los docentes como ejes principales de enseñanza de análisis críticos de medios de comunicación masivos, la prioridad de la filosofía y la ética en conjunto con una alfabetización visual para descentralizar la importancia de las imágenes de moda en el corolario de la autoconcepción corporal y sexual de los adolescentes.
El uso de objetos de aprendizaje multimodal y juegos interactivos en el aprendizaje de verbos modales en inglés
Authors: Cota Martínez Cecilia , Briones Lara Viviana , Valencia García Lucía
Published: September 2021

Este documento muestra los resultados de un estudio realizado en la Escuela de Bachilleres de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (EBA-UAQ). El objetivo principal fue evaluar la idoneidad de implementar una estrategia didáctica conformada por objetos de aprendizaje multimodal (OAM) y juegos interactivos para la enseñanza de verbos modales en la asignatura de Inglés II. La estrategia fue diseñada por tres docentes del área de Inglés y puesta en marcha en un grupo de estudiantes de segundo semestre seleccionado al azar. Se diseñó una secuencia didáctica de seis sesiones en las que los estudiantes trabajaron de manera virtual. En las sesiones se abordó el tema haciendo uso de algunos OAM y los estudiantes participaron en algunos juegos interactivos disponibles en línea. Para determinar si la implementación de la estrategia era efectiva se aplicó un cuestionario al inicio y al término de la secuencia. Los resultados arrojaron que la estrategia resulta adecuada para fortalecer la comprensión y producción de los estudiantes. De manera específica, los juegos interactivos son una herramienta que permite a los estudiantes mantenerse motivados a lo largo del proceso de aprendizaje. En conclusión, se verificó que los objetivos generales y específicos se hubiesen cumplido, lo cual confirmó la pertinencia de la estrategia en la enseñanza del tema seleccionado.
Hacia un estudio curricular sobre la inclusión de habilidades informacionales y de investigación en los planes de estudio de educación superior
Authors: Villegas-Muro Alejandro , Machin-Mastromatteo Juan D. , Ascencio-Baca Gerardo
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta los avances de una investigación en curso, la cual busca estudiar cómo el currículo de educación superior de nivel licenciatura enseña y desarrolla habilidades informacionales y de investigación (HII). Dicho estudio analizará una muestra mundial de los currículos de las universidades con mejores indicadores de investigación, con el fin de determinar los elementos curriculares más efectivos y las mejores prácticas para la enseñanza y el desarrollo de las HII. Se describen las etapas de esta investigación y como resultado preliminar se incluye la rúbrica a emplear en esta investigación, como el instrumento de recolección de datos principal, con el cual se realizará un análisis de contenido a los programas de las universidades seleccionadas. Finalmente se incluye una breve reflexión sobre la importancia de esta investigación bajo el contexto de los retos de la nueva escuela mexicana, y se enfatizan las contribuciones de esta investigación para la enseñanza y el desarrollo de las HII y por ende sus aportes para la competitividad, sustentabilidad, financiamiento y evaluación de la calidad de la educación superior.
NATURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION: “RESETTING” MEANING
Authors:   Šiauliai University, Lithuania, Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: September 2021

Natural science and technology education is an inseparable part of general education. It is obvious, that this process embraces a rather wide group of people, according to the age – from the birth till the completion of general education. It is a very important period, during which a certain natural science and technology education is acquired. It might seem that rather many scientific, methodical, didactic and other articles, books have been written, analyzing NSTE problems. On the other hand, NSTE process continues, (has to be continued) further on. Of course, speaking about university and other level studies, a further education is different both according to the size and length and the other parameters.
ON VOLUME OF THE ANTIPRISM IN CUBE AS A COMPLEX MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM
Authors:   University of Hradec Králové, Czechia, Vízek Lukáš
Published: September 2021

This paper shows the mathematical task, calculation of the volume of the antiprism in cube as a secondary school mathematical problem, which can help to teach mathematics in the relationship between its parts. The contribution brings the mathematical background, mentions experiences with them as well as visualizations and the possibilities of its completion. Key words: antiprism, volume, solid geometry, visualization.
THE 1ST YEAR STUDENTS' READINESS FOR STUDIES: THE CASE OF THE FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AT UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA
Authors:   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Birzina Rita , Cedere Dagnija ,   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
Published: September 2021

The present article reveals the first year students’ readiness for studies in the context of three learning dimensions: content, incentive and interaction. The research was conducted during the implementation of first year study courses of the Bachelor programme at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Latvia. The qualitative data were obtained from students’ answers to open questions related to their conceptions of learning and factors, which influenced their readiness for studies at the Faculty of Biology. The gained results showed that students’ readiness for studies correlates with their science background content knowledge, their previous learning experience, which depends on the teacher and the motivation to learn. Key words: case study, learning dimension, readiness to study.
WHAT LESSON OBSERVATION DATA REVEAL ABOUT THE CHANGES IN TEACHING SCIENCE: CASE STUDY FROM LATVIA
Authors:   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Cakane Liga , Volkinsteine Jelena ,   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Namsone Dace ,   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, France Ilze ,   University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
Published: September 2021

The improvement of teaching quality in Science subjects is closely connected to the implementation of reforms initiated in education policy resolutions in the school practice. It is crucial for teachers to implement the paradigm shift from transmitting information to 21st century learning design. It means to change not only teaching strategies but also their views what teaching is. Lesson observations were the main source to answer the research questions: What do lesson observations reveal about the students’ learning in science lessons according to criteria selected? What information lesson observation gives about teachers’ skills to organize learning according to changes envisaged in education policy resolutions? Key words: case study, lesson observation, science teaching and learning.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE USAGE OF EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE IN CHEMISTRY EDUCATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors:   University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, Chroustová Kateřina ,   University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, Bílek Martin
Published: September 2021

Why don´t we encounter too regularly with the inclusion of educational software in chemistry education in the Czech Republic? What factors affect the usage of educational software? What kind of relationship can be identified between these factors? For the search of answers to those formulated questions was necessary to, first of all, carry out a deep analysis of the conditions that could lead to more effective usage of educational software in chemistry education. In this article, we analyse the factors that affect the usage of educational software in chemistry education with the application of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and the related theories, including a comparison of our results with the results of realized research studies with a similar theme. Key words: educational software, chemistry education, the unified theory of use and acceptance of technology (UTAUT).
AN APPROACH TO TEACHING MEDICAL CHEMISTRY THAT HIGHLIGHTS INTERDISCIPLINARY NATURE OF SCIENCE
Authors:   Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia, Kaksis Aris , Brangule Agnese ,   Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia, Halitovs Mihails ,   Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
Published: September 2021

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with questions concerning energies and work of a system. It is one of the key topics for understanding processes in the universe as well as any separate system like a gas mixture or a single cell in a biological system. Thermodynamics is included in the university curriculum for engineering, chemistry and physics students as well as medical student curriculum. This paper outlines the problems faced by first year medical students learning thermodynamics at Riga Stradinš University. We describe a medically relevant context based approach to teaching that demonstrates the interdisciplinary nature of medical chemistry, molecular biology and biochemistry. Our method provides a model in which disciplinary barriers are diminished and increased effectiveness of teaching is achieved. Key words: interdisciplinary teaching, medical chemistry, thermodynamics, teaching and learning thermodynamics.
USAGE OF CRITICAL THINKING PRINCIPLES IN MEDICAL CHEMISTRY COURSE
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Kazuša Irina
Published: September 2021

This research describes the development of didactic model based on critical thinking principles and its practical approbation in medical chemistry course. The effectiveness of the didactic model is evaluated as achieved level in medical chemistry course (theoretic knowledge, experimentation skills and problem solving skills) using critical thinking development methods. In addition to this, self-assessment skills and development of studying skills are also analyzed. Key words: critical thinking strategies, critical thinking principles.
ACQUISITION OF SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGY COMPETENCES BY PRIMARY PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS: MYTH OR REALITY?
Authors:   University of Québec in Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Métioui Abdeljalil , Trudel Louis ,   University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Published: September 2021

In the present research of a qualitative type, we present the results of an experimentation led with 94 pre-service primary teachers from Quebec in Canada. The experimentation, which lasts four months at the rate of three hours per week, took place in two phases. The first phase took place in 4 steps in order to help student teachers to acquire knowledge competency in science and pedagogical knowledge competency, in accordance with the curriculum of the ministry of the education of the government of Quebec. In the second phase, the students had to prepare two teaching sequences centered on laboratory experimentations to the intention of their future pupils of the first, second or third cycle (please note that each cycle lasts for two years). For it, they had to follow an approach similar to the one experienced in the first phase. Finally, they had to complete a questionnaire to specify the difficulties of a scientific or pedagogical nature that they encountered during the conceptions of their teaching sequences. The analysis of the sequences constructed and of the data of the questionnaire shows an effort important on their behalf, in spite of the difficulties they met and that will be presented. Key words: training, pre-service teachers, primary school, knowledge competence, pedagogical knowledge competence.
EVALUATING THE POTENTIALS OF ICT INTEGRATION IN TEACHING WITH THE AIM OF INTENTIONALLY DEVELOPING COMPETENCIES FOR THE 21ST CENTURY IN PUPILS
Authors:   University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia, Ploj Virtič Mateja , Dolenc Kosta ,   University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
Published: September 2021

With an increasing impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the way we live and work, the educational institutions also try to transform educational curricula and learning environments in order to fill the technological gap that has emerged in the field of education. This conversion process requires the effective integration of technology into an existing learning environment, and in the first place train the teachers, whose role in the classroom completely changes by introducing technology. The paper presents an example of integrating innovative pedagogy in the process of future teachers’ education and qualitative research, which examines the usefulness of ICT in learning activities for intentional development of competencies for the 21st century learners. Key words: ICT, learning activities, learning environment, modern technology.
DISCUSSION OF VISUAL ATTENTION FOR SOLVING MULTIPLE CHOICE SCIENCE PROBLEM: AN EYE-TRACKING ANALYSIS
Authors:   Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland, Sajka Miroslawa , Rosiek Roman ,   Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland
Published: September 2021

Eye-tracking technology was used to analyze the participants’ visual attention while solving a multiple-choice science problem. The research encompassed 103 people of varying levels of knowledge, from pupils to scientists. The respondents in general devoted more time to analyze the chosen fields. However, the trend is reversed for people with high scientific expertise and criticism and with extreme motivation to solve a problem. The trend depends also on the strategies of solving a problem and conviction about the correctness of the answer. Key words: eye-tracking, mathematics and physics education, problem solving, new technology in didactics of science.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE TEACHER CREATIVITY AND IBSE
Authors:   Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Trnova Eva , Trna Josef ,   Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: September 2021

Teacher creativity is essential for development of students’ creativity. Creation of methods for development of teacher creativity, as a part of teacher education, is a necessity. Within project PROFILES (Professional Reflection-Oriented Focus on Inquiry-based Learning and Education through Science) we discovered that an effective method of development of science teacher creativity is a training of teachers in implementation of IBSE. Styles of teacher creativity were studied using Kirton’s Adaptation-Innovation Inventory. Levels of creativity were identified by a case study. Key words: creativity, development, IBSE, science education, teacher education.
COLLABORATION BETWEEN PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY TEACHERS AND EXPERT: A CONTRIBUTION TO TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   University of Lisbon, Portugal, Baptista Mónica
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research was to know the contribution of collaborative work between teachers and an expert for their professional development. The collaboration was promoted during a training program involving five steps: Plan, Action, Collect, Interpret and Reflect. This study involved six physics and chemistry teachers. Results show that the teachers felt that the collaborative work promoted learning related to the applicability of the theory to practice, with the formulation of inquiry tasks and their implementation in the classroom. Keywords: professional development, teachers’ collaboration, training program.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD SCIENCE COURSE AND INQUIRY BASED SCIENCE EDUCATION (IBSE) IMPLEMENTATION IN SCHOOLS STUDY EARTHQUAKES (SSE) PROJECT
Authors:   Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey, Cavas Bulent , Bulut Cagla ,   Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey
Published: September 2021

The main aim of research is to investigate students’ perceptions toward science course before and after the Inquiry Based Science Education (IBSE) implementation during science lessons. The research also examines teachers’ use of inquiry based science education in their classrooms. The topic of earthquake was selected as the main focus to implement IBSE and related activities in this field. The research is a part of “Schools Study Earthquakes (SSE)” project, which is funded and supported by European Union Erasmus Plus program. The results show that IBSE supported instruction positively affected students’ perception toward science course. In addition, the educational approach of the project, IBSE, seems to be an effective method to teach earthquake phenomenon and earthquake-related subjects to students by science teachers. Keywords: earthquakes, inquiry based science education, science teachers, students’ perceptions.
NATURAL SCIENCE LESSONS: PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY TEACHERS' EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Lithuania, Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė Rita
Published: September 2021

“Science Education in Europe: National Policies, Practices and Research (2011) discusses students’ natural science literacy, generalises international research results, names natural science education problems, searches for solutions. One of them – suitable teacher preparation. This article analyses what experience pre-service primary teachers have about natural science lessons and what, in their opinion, is necessary for the students to like natural sciences. Keywords: personal experience, pre-service primary teachers, opinion research, lessons in nature.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE VIDEOS PRODUCED BY BRAZILIAN MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PROPEC-IFRJ, Brazil, Pereira Marcus Vinicius , Arroio Agnaldo ,   University of São Paulo, Brazil
Published: September 2021

It is presented an analysis of science videos produced by Ministry of Education of Brazil to prepare high school students for an exam. It was identified how these videos were produced under filmic analysis framework. They are long duration videos, more similar to TV programs, which incorporate popular Youtube videos to solve problems inset with the dialogue between a presenter (an actor) and a teacher. Also there is weak relation between the guest interviewed and the video subject. Keywords: media literacy, filmic analysis, science education, Youtube.
Influence of Sowing Dates on the Phenological Development, Growth and Yield Of White Maize Genotypes
Authors: Akhtar S , Ullah MJ , Hamid A , Islam MS , Ahamed MKU , Masum SM
Published: September 2021

The experiment was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (90o22 E, 23o 41 N), Dhaka, Bangladesh in  Rabi (winter) season of 2017-2018 to study the effects of sowing date on  growth and  yield of four white maize genotypes, viz.  PSC-121, Yangnuo-7, Yungnuo-30 and Changnuo-6. Sowing dates were November 26, December 11, and December 26. Data were collected on different phenological growth stages, dry matter, physiological attributes, yield, and yield attributes. A delay in sowing date delayed the time required for seedling emergence, to reach the 6-leaf collar, maturity stage, and also reduced yield. The planting of PSC-121 in November 26 gave the highest dry matter plant-1, the number of grains cob-1, and 100- grain weight that resulted in the highest grain yield (11.65 t/ha) of the genotype.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 57-70
Teaching medical education during the era of COVID-19 pandemic: challenges and probable solutions.
Authors: Yousuf Rabeya , Salam Abdus
Published: September 2021

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.3-6
Assessment of a rapid pan-antibody dot test for detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Haq Md Ahsanul , Jamiruddin Maha , Khondoker Mohib Ullah , Ahmed Md Firoz , Khandker Shahad Saif , Ali Tamanna , Mostafi Mamun , Sil Bijon Kumar , Adnan Nihad , Jamiruddin Mohd Raeed
Published: September 2021

Background: With the drastic spread of COVID-19 and mass mortality of people globally, detection of the progression of this disease has stood out to be a necessity. Hence, we set out to identify the prevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in Bangladesh using the in-house rapid pan-immunoglobulin dot-blot test kit and evaluate the performance of this kit.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we tested serum collected between mid-May and mid-June 2020 for COVID-19 antibodies by using the in-house rapid pan-immunoglobulin dot-blot test kit in RTPCR confirmed patients with symptoms for 1-7 days (Group Ia; n =100) and 8-14 days (Group Ib; n = 100); symptomatic RT-PCR negative patients (Group II; n = 100) and convalescent patients (Group III; n = 109) while comparing with pre-pandemic sera samples collected prior two years to December-2019 (Group IV; n = 100).
Results: Our kit detected that almost 70% of the convalescent patients produced antibodies against COVID-19 compared to other groups. However, the group with individuals at the end phase of COVID-19 exhibited the second-highest percentage of seroprevalence (41%). We also observed that though Group II was RT-PCR negative, 20% of them showed COVID-19 antibodies.
Conclusion: With a specificity of 96% in our kit, we can say that our kit will be a potential device for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and to understand herd immunity in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.131-139
Pharmacy Education and Role of the Teachers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ashiq Kanwal , Ashiq Sana , Sadia Haleema
Published: September 2021

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.183-184
Assessment of performance of midwives and pediatricians in preparation for receiving a neonate immediately after birth. A prospective observational study.
Authors: Mpoltsis Lambros , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Xanthos Theodoros , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Chalkias Athanasios , Kouskouni Evangelia , Valsamidis Demetrios
Published: September 2021

Background. The 2015 European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Guidelines for Resuscitation and support of transition of babies at birth stress the importance of adequate preparation by the healthcare professionals who are going to receive the newborn immediately after birth in order to avoid preventable neonate deterioration. Midwives and pediatricians are the healthcare professionals in the frontline of neonate reception. Methods. Based on the 2015 ERC guidelines we created a 9-item checklist of indispensable actions for correct preparation for neonate reception after vaginal delivery or cesarean section. 78 midwives and 39 pediatricians were included in this prospective observational study. The impact of prior neonate life support training (NLS) on their performance was also assessed. Results. Regarding preparation for neonate reception, participants performed significantly better when the neonate was delivered by vaginal delivery (mean score 7.21±1.77 vs 5.45±1.55 for cesarean section, p<0.0005). Furthermore, midwives performed significantly better (performance score 6.88±1.87) than pediatricians even when subgroup analysis was performed for residents (5.40±1.59, p=0.002) and consultants (5.46±1.47, p=0.002). Previous NLS training resulted in significantly higher performance scores (6.57±1.81 vs 5.18±1.91 for no NLS training, p=0.004). Conclusions. In the present study midwives performed better than consultant and resident pediatricians in preparing for receiving a neonate immediately after birth and neonatal life support training led to significantly better performance when compared to particiants with no prior NLS training. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess these skills in midwives and pediatricians.
PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS (CAPACITY BUILDING) USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH BIDANG PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN RANCABUNGUR KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Ma’ruf Mu’min , Ikhbaluddin Ikhbaluddin , Suripto Suripto , Abdurohim Abdurohim
Published: September 2021

Small and Medium Enterprise (Usaha Kecil dan Menengah; UKM) is the backbone of the economy of society, as this sector has accommodated more jobs compared to a large industrial sector. However, the effort of local government in empowering UKM is still not optimal. This issue has become one of the problems for developing the capacity of UKM, particularly the agricultural sector, in Rancabungur District, Bogor Regency. This research aims to describe in-depth the capacity building of this UKM based on the concept developed by UNDP by using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Here we highlighted three point of the capacity development: the workforce or human resource (HR), the capital (physical dimension), and the technology. The results show that there are some problems in the capacity building of the UKM’s agricultural sector, notably for its workforce capacity development and the difficulty to access the capital weather for financing or supporting the facilities and infrastructures of the UKM. Moreover, we found that the UKM has a lack of ability for its technology development, notably for its ability to access the information technology and the availability of communication network.

Keywords: Capacity Building; Small and Medium Enterprise
STRATEGI MARKETING POLITIK ADIATMA DWI PUTRA – SULKARNAIN PADA PEMILIHAN WALIKOTA KENDARI TAHUN 2017
Authors: Adam Aenal Fuad
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini mengungkap strategi marketing politik. Tujuannya adalah menjelaskan bagaiamana praktik marketing politik beroraperasi dalam kontestasi pilwali kota kendari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data bersumber dari data primer dan sekunder yang kemudian dianalisis dengan mereduksi, memverifikasi dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa proses segmentasi, targeting dan positioning politik menjadi strategi untuk bisa meraih simpati pemilih. Pasangan calon Adiatma Dwi Putra – Sulkarnain berfokus pada pada tiga segmen, yaitu segmen pemilih pemula/muda Adiatma Dwi Putra – Sulkarnain membangun image sebagai perwakilan anak muda, sementara pada kelompok perempuan Adiatma Dwi Putra menjual program yang memperjuangkan hak – hak dan kepentingan perempuan. Untuk warga berpendapatan rendah, Adiatma Dwi Putra – Sulkarnain menjual produk politik dengan memberikan pelayanan dan membuka lapangan usaha untuk para pemilih berpendapatan rendah.

Kata Kunci: Strategi, Marketing Politik, Pilwali
Policy Learning and Handling of Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Agustino Leo
Published: September 2021

Abstract

This article discusses the policy learning process in managing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) within Indonesia and asks several questions regarding the policies formulated and implemented, as well as how the government "learns" and handles the pandemic. Furthermore, this study used a qualitative research method supported by literature discourse methods and online interviews, as well as a policy learning theory-based analysis. According to the results, the Indonesian government has learned a lot from other countries, however, the country has been rather slow in anticipating the pandemic, causing a minimal sense of crisis and urgency. In addition, the low level of trust and seriousness in the government has implications for a less harmonious relationship between the center and the regions. Also, the inter-institutional coordination and the inaccuracy of actors in handling the pandemic is an unresolved problem, therefore, the distribution location expands continually and the infection curve never slopes.

Keywords: Policy Learning; Handling; COVID-19; Policy
Avcılığın Osmanlı Devlet Yapısındaki Yeri: Doğancılar
Authors: BUKARLI Edip
Published: September 2021

Dr. Batuhan İsmail Kıran tarafından 2019 yılında yayımlanan Avcılığın Osmanlı Devlet Yapısındaki Yeri: Doğancılar adlı kitap, yazarın yüksek lisans bitirme tezi olarak seçtiği Osmanlı Saray Teşkilatında Doğancı Koğuşu adlı çalışmasının genişletilmiş halidir. Kıran’ın kendisinin de belirttiği gibi birinci ve beşinci bölümler bazı değişiklikler yapılmak suretiyle yüksek lisans çalışmasından devşirilmiştir. Eserin diğer kısımları da zengin bir arşiv hazinesinin eşsiz verileri sayesinde gün yüzüne çıkarılıp bilim alemine sunulmuştur. Kapsamlı bir şekilde hazırlanmış olan bu kitap, ön söz, giriş, beş ana bölüm ve sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca eserin içerisinde hiyerarşik bir kavram haritası ile tablolar da mevcuttur. Bilginin aktarılması ve daha iyi anlaşılması amacına hizmet eden bu unsurların yanında yurt dışındaki kütüphanelerde bulunan nadir eserlerden ve Osmanlı arşiv verilerinin görsellerinden de faydalanılmıştır.
Phycocyanin Extraction From Frozen and Freeze-Dried Biomass of Pseudanabaena sp. by Using Mild Cell Disruption Methods
Authors: KISAOĞLAN Berke , DEMİREL Zeliha , CONK DALAY Meltem
Published: September 2021

Phycocyanin is a precious, natural, blue coloured pigment-protein complex that has commercial value and wide application in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, we performed various cell disruption methods (ultrasonication, homogenization, freeze/thaw and CaCl2 extraction) for phycocyanin extraction from different forms of biomass of a thermophilic Pseudanabaena sp. that has a high potential to produce high-quality phycocyanin. Using potassium phosphate buffer and ultrasonic bath method, we achieved the highest phycocyanin yield (345 mgPC.g-biomass) from freeze-dried biomass and we obtained increased yield as the duration of application increases. Phycocyanin yields were calculated as 345 mgPC.g-biomass, 255 mgPC.g-biomass and 220 mgPC.g-biomass for 5, 10 and 15 min, respectively. In this study, cell disruption methods have determined significantly more effective on freeze-dried biomass rather than frozen biomass. Phycocyanin content of freeze-dried biomass was analysed after six months of storage and dramatic decrement was observed in the phycocyanin content of the cells.
Measuring Mental Workload and Heart Rate Variability of Officers During Different Navigation Conditions
Authors: ÖZSEVER Barış , TAVACIOĞLU Leyla
Published: September 2021

Mental workload (MWL) has a negative effect on the functional states of watchkeeping officers that ultimately causes collisions and groundings at sea. The aim of this study is to measure the MWL of officers during different navigation conditions. This study was conducted in a bridge simulator with 11 participants. Heart rate variability (HRV) measurements were taken during the 4 steps which have different difficulty levels and subjective assessments were taken at the end of each step by using NASA-TLX. The results of the measurements showed that different levels of navigation tasks caused significantly different levels of MWL and HRV values and MWL and HRV increased when task difficulty increased. Additionally, the correlation between MWL perceived by the participants and the heart rate variability values of the participants was found statistically significant. This study provides an example of predicting MWL for routine navigation operations by using physiological measures in maritime transportation.
Antibody Class(es) Predictor for Epitopes (AbCPE): A Multi-Label Classification Algorithm
Authors: Kadam Kiran , Peerzada Noor , Karbhal Rajiv , Sawant Sangeeta , Valadi Jayaraman , Kulkarni-Kale Urmila
Published: September 2021

Development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies to deal with infectious and other diseases are the most perceptible scientific interventions that have had huge impact on public health including that in the current Covid-19 pandemic. From inactivation methodologies to reverse vaccinology, vaccine development strategies of 21st century have undergone several transformations and are moving towards rational design approaches. These developments are driven by data as the combinatorials involved in antigenic diversity of pathogens and immune repertoire of hosts are enormous. The computational prediction of epitopes is central to these developments and numerous B-cell epitope prediction methods developed over the years in the field of immunoinformatics have contributed enormously. Most of these methods predict epitopes that could potentially bind to an antibody regardless of its type and only a few account for antibody class specific epitope prediction. Recent studies have provided evidence of more than one class of antibodies being associated with a particular disease. Therefore, it is desirable to predict and prioritize ‘peptidome’ representing B-cell epitopes that can potentially bind to multiple classes of antibodies, as an open problem in immunoinformatics. To address this, AbCPE, a novel algorithm based on multi-label classification approach has been developed for prediction of antibody class(es) to which an epitope can potentially bind. The epitopes binding to one or more antibody classes (IgG, IgE, IgA and IgM) have been used as a knowledgebase to derive features for prediction. Multi-label algorithms, Binary Relevance and Label Powerset were applied along with Random Forest and AdaBoost. Classifier performance was assessed using evaluation measures like Hamming Loss, Precision, Recall and F1 score. The Binary Relevance model based on dipeptide composition, Random Forest and AdaBoost achieved the best results with Hamming Loss of 0.1121 and 0.1074 on training and test sets respectively. The results obtained by AbCPE are promising. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multi-label method developed for prediction of antibody class(es) for sequential B-cell epitopes and is expected to bring a paradigm shift in the field of immunoinformatics and immunotherapeutic developments in synthetic biology. The AbCPE web server is available athttp://bioinfo.unipune.ac.in/AbCPE/Home.html.
In a Manner of Speaking: How Reported Speech May Have Shaped Grammar
Authors: Spronck Stef , Casartelli Daniela
Published: September 2021

We present a first, broad-scale typology of extended reported speech, examples of lexicalised or grammaticalised reported speech constructions without a regular quotation meaning. These typically include meanings that are conceptually close to reported speech, such asthinkorwant, but also interpretations that do not appear to have an obvious conceptual relation with talking, such ascauseorbegin to. Reported speech may therefore reflect both concepts of communication and inner worlds, and meanings reminiscent of ‘core grammar’, such as evidentiality, modality, aspect (relational) tense and clause linking. We contextualise our findings in the literature on fictive interaction and perspective and suggest that extended reported speech may lend insight into a fundamental aspect of grammar: the evolution of verbal categories. Based on the striking similarity between the meanings of extended reported speech and grammatical categories, we hypothesise that the phenomenon represents a plausible linguistic context in which grammar evolved.
Circulating Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Level Predicts the Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kim Dae Kyu , Lee Yu Ho , Kim Jin Sug , Kim Yang Gyun , Lee So-Young , Ahn Shin Young , Lee Dong-Young , Jeong Kyung Hwan , Lee Sang-Ho , Hwang Hyeon Seok , Moon Ju-Young
Published: September 2021

Background: Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an oxidative enzyme of primary amines that facilitates the transmigration of inflammatory cells. Its oxidative and inflammatory effects are prominently increased in pathological conditions, such as metabolic, atherosclerotic, and cardiac diseases. However, the clinical significance of circulating VAP-1 levels in hemodialysis (HD) patients is unclear.

Methods: A total of 434 HD patients were enrolled in a prospective multicenter cohort study between June 2016 and April 2019. Plasma VAP-1 levels were measured at the time of data entry, and the primary endpoint was defined as a composite of cardiovascular (CV) and cardiac events.

Results: Circulating VAP-1 levels were positively correlated with plasma levels of cardiac remodeling markers, including brain natriuretic peptide, galectin-3, and matrix metalloproteinase-2. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with higher circulating VAP-1 levels were more likely to have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction [odds ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.88]. The cumulative event rate of the composite of CV events was significantly greater in VAP-1 tertile 3 than in VAP-1 tertiles 1 and 2 (P = 0.009). Patients in tertile 3 were also associated with an increased cumulative event rate of cardiac events (P = 0.015), with a 2.06-fold higher risk each for CV (95% CI, 1.10–3.85) and cardiac (95% CI, 1.03–4.12) events after adjusting for multiple variables.

Conclusions: Plasma VAP-1 levels were positively associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and the risk of incident CV and cardiac events in HD patients. Our results indicate that VAP-1 may aid clinicians in identifying HD patients at a high risk of CV events.
Association Between Enterovirus Infection and Type 1 Diabetes Risk: A Meta-Analysis of 38 Case-Control Studies
Authors: Wang Kan , Ye Fei , Chen Yong , Xu Jianxin , Zhao Yufang , Wang Yeping , Lan Tian
Published: September 2021

Objective

The association between enterovirus infection and type 1 diabetes (T1D) is controversial, and this meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database were searched from inception to April 2020. Studies were included if they could provide sufficient information to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were performed using STATA 15.1.

Results

Thirty-eight studies, encompassing 5921 subjects (2841 T1D patients and 3080 controls), were included. The pooled analysis showed that enterovirus infection was associated with T1D (P < 0.001). Enterovirus infection was correlated with T1D in the European (P < 0.001), African (P = 0.002), Asian (P = 0.001), Australian (P = 0.011), and Latin American (P = 0.002) populations, but no conclusion could be reached for North America. The association between enterovirus infection and T1D was detected in blood and tissue samples (both P < 0.001); no association was found in stool samples.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that enterovirus infection is associated with T1D.
The 1-Hour Plasma Glucose: Common Link Across the Glycemic Spectrum
Authors: Bergman Michael
Published: September 2021

Evidence from populations at risk for type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes substantiates the 1-hour plasma glucose as a sensitive alternative marker for identifying high-risk individuals when ß-cell function is relatively more functional. An elevated 1-hour plasma glucose could therefore diagnose dysglycemia and risk for complications across the glycemic spectrum. Reducing the 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test to 1-hour would reduce the burden on patients, likely reduce costs, and enhance its accessibility in practice.
Hydrogen Peroxide Affects Growth of S. aureus Through Downregulation of Genes Involved in Pyrimidine Biosynthesis
Authors: Buvelot Hélène , Roth Myriam , Jaquet Vincent , Lozkhin Andrey , Renzoni Adriana , Bonetti Eve-Julie , Gaia Nadia , Laumay Floriane , Mollin Michéle , Stasia Marie-José. , Schrenzel Jacques , François Patrice , Krause Karl-Heinz
Published: September 2021

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the cellular defense against S. aureus, as evidenced by the importance of this pathogen in patients lacking the ROS-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase NOX2. ROS concentrations required to kill S. aureus in vitro are much higher than those found in the phagosome. We therefore hypothesized that sublethal ROS concentrations may play a role in S. aureus gene dysregulation and investigated the in vitro transcriptomic response of S. aureus to sublethal concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A striking observation of these experiments was a coordinated and massive downregulation of genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism. Using transposon insertion mutants, we demonstrated that deletion of carA, a gene involved in pyrimidine synthesis, led to a significant growth defect and to an increased sensitivity of S. aureus to added H2O2. The phenotype of the carA mutant could be reversed through supplementation with the pyrimidine precursor uracil, or with a multicopy vector encoding carA. As opposed to the impact of ROS on extracellular survival, carA deletion did not affect the intracellular survival in neutrophils. Our results raise the possibility that ROS-dependent downregulation of pyrimidine metabolism might be a survival strategy of S. aureus, allowing colonization through intracellular survival, while decreasing the risk of killing the host through dampened extracellular growth.
Identification and Characterization of a Germline Mutation in CARD11 From a Chinese Case of B Cell Expansion With NF-κB and T Cell Anergy
Authors: Zhao Peiwei , Meng Qingjie , Huang Yufeng , Zhang Lei , Luo Sukun , Zhang Xiankai , Tan Li , Zhou Aifen , Xiong Hao , He Xuelian
Published: September 2021

B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the CARD11 gene. Affected patients present with persistent B cell lymphocytosis in early childhood paired with lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Until now only six activating mutations from 14 patients have been reported in CARD11. Here we report a patient from China with polyclonal B cell lymphocytosis and frequent infections in early life. A heterozygous mutation (c.377G>A, G126D) in exon 5 of CARD11 gene (NM_032415) was identified by whole exome sequencing. In vitro functional studies showed that the G126D mutation is associated with increased expression of CARD11 and NF-κB activation in Hela cells. Flow cytometry analysis indicated NK cell activity and CD107a degranulation of the patient were decreased. RNA sequencing analysis showed that a number of genes in NF-κB pathway increased while those involved in NK cell activity and degranulation were down-regulated. In summary, our work identified a de novo germline GOF mutation in CARD11 with functional evidence of BENTA.
The Right Partner in Crime: Unlocking the Potential of the Anti-EGFR Antibody Cetuximab via Combination With Natural Killer Cell Chartering Immunotherapeutic Strategies
Authors: Baysal Hasan , De Pauw Ines , Zaryouh Hannah , Peeters Marc , Vermorken Jan Baptist , Lardon Filip , De Waele Jorrit , Wouters An
Published: September 2021

Cetuximab has an established role in the treatment of patients with recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). However, the long-term effectiveness of cetuximab has been limited by the development of acquired resistance, leading to tumor relapse. By contrast, immunotherapies can elicit long-term tumor regression, but the overall response rates are much more limited. In addition to epidermal growth factor (EGFR) inhibition, cetuximab can activate natural killer (NK) cells to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In view of the above, there is an unmet need for the majority of patients that are treated with both monotherapy cetuximab and immunotherapy. Accumulated evidence from (pre-)clinical studies suggests that targeted therapies can have synergistic antitumor effects through combination with immunotherapy. However, further optimizations, aimed towards illuminating the multifaceted interplay, are required to avoid toxicity and to achieve better therapeutic effectiveness. The current review summarizes existing (pre-)clinical evidence to provide a rationale supporting the use of combined cetuximab and immunotherapy approaches in patients with different types of cancer.
Whole-Blood Mitochondrial DNA Copies Are Associated With the Prognosis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Sepsis
Authors: Hernández-Beeftink Tamara , Guillen-Guio Beatriz , Rodríguez-Pérez Héctor , Marcelino-Rodríguez Itahisa , Lorenzo-Salazar Jose M. , Corrales Almudena , Prieto-González Miryam , Rodríguez-Pérez Aurelio , Carriedo Demetrio , Blanco Jesús , Ambrós Alfonso , González-Higueras Elena , Casanova Nancy G. , González-Garay Manuel , Espinosa Elena , Muriel Arturo , Domínguez David , de Lorenzo Abelardo García , Añón José M. , Soro Marina , Belda Javier , Garcia Joe G. N. , Villar Jesús , Flores Carlos
Published: September 2021

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory process of the lungs that develops primarily in response to pulmonary or systemic sepsis, resulting in a disproportionate death toll in intensive care units (ICUs). Given its role as a critical activator of the inflammatory and innate immune responses, previous studies have reported that an increase of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a biomarker for fatal outcome in the ICU. Here we analyzed the association of whole-blood mtDNA (wb-mtDNA) copies with 28-day survival from sepsis and sepsis-associated ARDS. We analyzed mtDNA data from 687 peripheral whole-blood samples within 24 h of sepsis diagnosis from unrelated Spanish patients with sepsis (264 with ARDS) included in the GEN-SEP study. The wb-mtDNA copies were obtained from the array intensities of selected probes, with 100% identity with mtDNA and with the largest number of mismatches with the nuclear sequences, and normalized across the individual-probe intensities. We used Cox regression models for testing the association with 28-day survival. We observed that wb-mtDNA copies were significantly associated with 28-day survival in ARDS patients (hazard ratio = 3.65, 95% confidence interval = 1.39–9.59, p = 0.009) but not in non-ARDS patients. Our findings support that wb-mtDNA copies at sepsis diagnosis could be considered an early prognostic biomarker in sepsis-associated ARDS patients. Future studies will be needed to evaluate the mechanistic links of this observation with the pathogenesis of ARDS.