bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media in rural life: Design innovation for participatory cultural communication in China
Authors: Pan Hezhu , Liu Mengfei
Published: June 2023

The development of internet technology and social media has rapidly changed everyday experiences. Rural people benefit from new technology. They share their stories on digital social media platforms, and promote agricultural products on Live Streaming platforms and E-commerce platforms. Rural communities have been an active part of the booming social media phenomenon in the past few years, especially in China. The study is based on fieldwork in a rural village in the Hunan Province of China, which has a rich ethnic culture, including intangible cultural heritage such as Huayao cross stitch. Local communities partner with designers to create cultural product designs, digital cultural content, etc. Rural people in that village participated in this study and their related social media were retrieved, using a dataset collected from their widely used social media platform, we analyze rural people’s profiles, more than 120 online short videos and images they posted on their accounts within one year.By combining both quantitative data from surveys and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews, We explored the ways and new features of Chinese rural cultural communication in the Internet era, and summarized three deficiencies in the current cultural communication of Huayao. These Inadequacies helped us reveal how design innovation can provide new ways of enhancing the impact of participatory communication of rural culture.By establishing a rural cultural image, guiding rural people's content of the creation, and stimulating their subjectivity, design innovation could address the gap as a definer, planner, facilitator and promoter, and rural people could play a positive and important role in digital culture communication. Individuals and communities can benefit from the content made by rural people themselves on social media. Finally, design innovation could promote the infusion of local cultures into the global and build a sustainable way of rural cultural communication.
Research on Body Movement Correction Based on Ergonomic
Authors: Xu Xin , Chen Xiaomei
Published: June 2023

Ancient Chinese people paid attention to walking like the wind, sitting like a clock, lying like a bow, and standing like a loose man. This was the standard for a good posture. They did not blindly pursue "thin" to show a person's physical beauty. Our posture had an invisible impact on our health and temperament. Modern people, due to the accelerated pace of life, the popularity and application of electronic products, especially in today's rapid development of information technology, had many factors that caused people to hunchback, neck, splayed feet Bad posture, such as high and low shoulders, not only affects people's physical beauty, but also has a certain impact on their health. This paper analyzes the impact of bad posture on people's body and mind from the perspective of ergonomics, discusses the importance of posture management, and shows the comparison between normal posture and wrong posture by using pictures from three aspects of standing posture, sitting posture, and walking posture. At the same time, on the basis of ergonomics, To explore the muscle structure of people from the front, side, back and three sides when they are upright in normal posture, and to study the corrective action of bad body posture according to the characteristics of body joints. On the basis of the theory of human science, through the research of body movements, we will explore the professional movement methods and practical methods to change the body posture, so as to change the original bad body posture, make the body more upright, and improve the body beauty and body beauty.
Home Healthcare System Application Design for COVID-19 Preventive Management
Authors: Xia Yukun , Gan Yan , Ding Zijie , Ge Shanyu , Wu Yongkang
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 is an infectious disease now known as a "global pandemic" and is reported to be transmitted directly, aerosolized and by contact, and is highly contagious when in contact with patients. Fever, dry cough, and malaise are the most common symptoms of COVID-19. And at this stage, there is still no comprehensive solution for the containment of COVID-19 from a microbiological and curative point of view. Therefore, we need a more independent environment and a smarter medical system for detection and transient isolation before and after social events. And IoT is a popular and proven management technology that can support a variety of human behavior management programs.In this paper, we used interview method, follow-up method, questionnaire method, and literature search method for research verification, process profiling of multiple usage scenarios, and proposed an APP（Application） program design of home medical system for different users' behavioral habits, with functions including risk assessment of planned activity locations and self detection after social activities (via close objects such as masks), etc. The application consists of four main modules: detection, planning, recording, and communication, tracking and warning of epidemic risk sites via wearable devices to reduce the risk of infection for users, and integration of software functions with smart home systems via IoT technology to improve the effectiveness of preventive management for users.
Measuring Subjective Usability of Medical Devices - Questionnaire Development and Evaluation
Authors: Koopmann Marisa , Wandtner Bernhard , Thorwarth Michael , Nebe Karsten
Published: June 2023

Safety and effectiveness are major usability concerns for the development process of medical devices. Other relevant factors like user satisfaction or overall user experience (UX) are sometimes neglected as they are not required from a regulatory perspective, nor can they be evaluated well through the classical approach of usability testing. Usability/UX questionnaires can measure these subjective variables, however, only few researchers have addressed the development of standardized questionnaires for medical products. This two-parted research aims to further close this gap. First, numerous attributes of usability/UX were researched and then critically evaluated by usability experts (N=9) with practical experience in healthcare. The constructs relevant and applicable were then divided into clusters and items were newly created or carefully chosen from existing questionnaires and then condensed to a 70-item raw version of the questionnaire. In the second part of this study, nurses (N=106) from South Africa, UK, and USA evaluated a dialysis device, providing responses to the questionnaire statements alongside the System Usability Scale (SUS) for validation purposes. Psychometric analysis showed that the average internal reliability across the eleven subscales was α = .70 and ranged from .48 to .84. Seven items were chosen to be eliminated because of their weak item discrimination and difficulty which would lead to an increase of internal reliability. The initial scores for 9 out of the 11 subscales moderately correlated with the SUS (r = .53 to .60) with a significance of α < .05. Overall, the results indicate that the newly developed questionnaire could be feasible to close the identified gap. Nevertheless, the modified questionnaire ought to be validated with a larger sample size and across a broader range of medical products.
Language of Innovative Agonology: a Guide in Combining Micro and Macro Scales of Preventive, Therapeutic and Defensive Actions
Authors: Bagińska Justyna , Maciej Kalina Roman
Published: June 2023

The language of innovative agonology (IA) concerns three layers. One is the terminology, whose basic frame of reference is Tadeusz Kotarbiński’s general theory of struggle (agonology). The remaining ones are: the ambiguity of the same terms used in different sciences (some of which have been appropriated by the public media language); and the need to adapt key words (and even to create neologisms in English for the universal language of IA) which describes scientific discoveries of phenomena included the field of IA research, but originally published in languages other than English.Kotarbiński’s definition of struggle relates to people: “a struggle is any activity, in which at least two subjects participate (assuming that a team can be a subject), while at least one of the subjects hinders the other”. However, Jaroslaw Rudniański’s extension of the concept of ‘struggle’ means that in a certain category of combat (the fight against the pandemic), the parties may not only be human beings. Therefore, in the language of IA (that is, also in a methodology based on a complementary approach), it is legitimate to assume that the ‘material’ means the opponent (subject or thing) with whom the person (individually or in a group) fights.An example of the dilemmas with the ambiguity of using the same terms in different areas of communication is the semantic category ‘development’, elementary to IA (a term used only in a positive sense). The commonly accepted phrase ‘development of a disease’ is patently absurd. Even if the user explains that they meant ‘development in a negative sense’, all the more it shows that they are ignorant as to the semantics.One of the concepts originating from the Lviv-Warsaw school of the methodology of sciences is the term ‘wiedzotwórczy’, which has no equivalent in English. In many methodological arguments edited in Polish, it is a convenient combination of the words ‘knowledge’ and ‘creative’. Future IA professionals will undoubtedly face similar semantic dilemmas. Identifying, interpreting and formulating algorithms for phenomena that need to be effectively addressed (from micro to macro scales) in the areas of prevention, therapy and, in certain circumstances, call for undertaking a strong defense, requires unambiguous language that is understandable to experts in even distant fields.
Communication components for Human Intention Prediction – A Survey
Authors: Khan Fahad , Asif Seemal , Webb Phil
Published: June 2023

In this review we address the communication components for human intention prediction for Human-robot collaboration (HRC). The HRC is the approach in which human and robot(s) work towards achieving the same goal. The interaction can be both levels physical and cognitive. The traditional settings of the HRC system provides fixed robot program based on waypoints or gestures. It is difficult to predefine the instructions of the situation in complex and variable environment. The understanding of human intention on dynamic basis is crucial for the success of such systems. The core character of co-existence of human and the robot is to understand the dynamic scenes of human intentions. To understand the human intention there is need to understand the components of intention communication. This paper provides comprehensive overview about the understanding the intention as communication components and modelling those components by using machine learning technology in HRC. Multiple ways of communicating intention are possible by using speech, action, gesture, haptic, physiological signals, etc. The article details various approaches to understand the human intention communication aspect particularly in the Human Robot Collaboration setting.
Automatic generation technology of dimension chain considering assembly characteristics
Authors: Zeng Yang , Liu Xiaojun , Feng Jindan , Liu Jinshan , Yi Yang
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the deviation transfer path problem in assembly tolerance analysis, a method of automatically searching the assembly dimension chain is proposed, which first uses various types of information units to express the key information required for dimension chain generation, establishes the assembly accuracy information model, constructs the part order constraint association matrix and tolerance feature association matrix on the basis of considering the multiple assembly order and multiple parallel constraints in the actual assembly process, and generate assembly relationship transfer diagram. At the same time, the traditional shortest path algorithm is optimized by using the small root stack structure in combination with the transfer diagram application scenario, and the assembly dimension chain is obtained by local search of the transfer diagram according to the assembly order and the customized constraint selection rules. Based on the Qt application development framework and the OpenCASCADE graphics library, the prototype system is developed and verified, proving that the method can effectively improve the efficiency of the automatic dimensional chain search, and the generated dimensional chains are more consistent with the actual assembly process planning.
Design for the combination of additive manufacturing parts with products already developed – An hybrid design approach
Authors: M. Sampaio Álvaro , Lopes Carina , Santos Adriana , Lima André , J. Pontes António
Published: June 2023

The geometric freedom allowed by additive manufacturing (AM) has driven the development of products based on human-centric design through functional and aesthetic customization. The combination of personalised AM parts with products already developed is a disruptive and flexible approach that may create optimized product-user interactions. For this, critical comprehension on the manufacturing process is required to ensure appropriate mechanical connection between the new and existing components of the product. This paper addresses a method for product optimization based on this hybrid design approach. A specific case of a musical instrument that was redesigned for greater ergonomic compatibility with users was considered to describe the sequential development steps.
Suitability of Sustainable 3D-Printing in the field of Yacht Design: Houseboats for Student Communities and Tourism
Authors: Di Nicolantonio Massimo
Published: June 2023

Issue relating the vertiginous growth of population, the effects caused by climate change fall-out, as ground consuption represents an important opportunity for the design research community. The adoption of sustainable strategies to solve the problem of high densification of the existing urban fabric with new public functions, housing or tourist accommodation, can introduce new experimentations, by the adoption of unused “ground”, through the application of solutions with low environmental impact and controlled consumption of energy and resources, different contexts such as water. Living on water qualifies as a long-established reality in the contemporary contexts, and many cultures, a global widespread heritage. At the same time, mobility on waterways is a formidable cultural and economic challenge: a developing model based exploring on the alliance between the experimentation of the nautical product and an environmental reflection conducted in terms of enhancing marine, river and lake environments. As the vision suggest, designers provide to develop innovative and futuristic housing models at various scales of intervention. Among the possible interventions, this design research explored the concept of sustainable 3D printed houseboats taking care of diversified target, like student communities or tourists, being careful to ergonomics, safety, enhancement of the natural heritage; the case study focused on using 3D printing production processes using natural fibers, and how the entire process can contribute to to define new interpretative models, new product morphologies, new languages. The result presented in the document provides evidence and validity on the use of sustainable 3D printing production processes for sustainable products, as a good opportunity and intelligent solution adaptable to the conditions imposed by a specific context, with the aim of opening new avenues of research for the design community.
Design Anthropology and the next evolution of the design process
Authors: Srikanth Nishanth
Published: June 2023

As design theory and practice evolve, understanding the impacts that a designer’s choices will have on the larger community are more important than ever. While designers have always sought to shape the world around us, and (for the most part) serve as a positive force in improving people’s lives, designers today are reckoning with the unintended and unforeseen consequences of poor decision making, and the poor understanding of culture of past designers. Looking into various definitions of design, past movements that sought to alter the design process, and their effectiveness and criticisms, we can start to understand the need for a new form kind of design practice.The biggest issue has been a lack of understanding of local cultures, and especially of value systems, as part of the design process. This has led to designers working off of perceptions of what people value, rather than understanding those value systems before intervening. Here, the relatively new field of design anthropology holds promise, as it provides a new approach to design; one that does not look to create for a universal ideal, but instead infuses design with the perspective of multiplicity.This paper explores the evolution of Design Anthropology, dissects the similarities and differences between design and anthropology, and looks at ways in which this new field can influence traditional design processes and practices. The goal is to create design process that seeks to understand and empathize with the culture and value systems of a community, rather than just disrupt or supersede them.
Generation Y as a catalyst for a paradigm shift in urban mobility
Authors: Noronha Eduardo , Oliveira J
Published: June 2023

Most urban areas in developed countries today have structural mobility problems, exacerbated by the ineffectiveness of territorial governance policies and the lack of strategies to anticipate the environmental challenges triggered by climate change. Given the many uncertainties predicted for the near future, mobility is perhaps the quality that best represents contemporaneity. It represents the pressures and political challenges that will determine the living conditions of the next generations, as Henrik Hololei, Director General for Mobility and Transport of the EU, said in 2019 (Transport in the European Union – current trends and issues). To integrate the EU's plan to implement the Climate Neutral Mission and Smart Cities, which aims for inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and communities, this study focuses on a research strategy on the current urban mobility paradigm and emerging opportunities as society continues to shift to electric vehicles.According to Eusotat's November 2021 data, commuting to work is one of the main reasons for daily trips. Moreover, the car is the predominant mode of transport, used by less than 2 people on average. Given this scenario, it is appropriate and urgent to redefine the status of the automobile and to orient a new vehicle design towards the expectations and values of the young and professionally active age group, between 25 and 45 years, referred to as Generation Y. These people do not find economic, safe and comfortable solutions compatible with their priorities and life expectations in the current commercial offer of own cars, shared mobility systems or public transport.For this reason, the authors believe it is appropriate to ask the following questions:- Will a typical passenger car with comfortable seating for 5 people, an average price of €32,035 (data from European average car prices in 2015-2020, by country, from Statista in June 2022), mainly used by the driver, be compatible with the mobility expectations of a young generation in Europe? - Does the continued investment in increasing the range of electric vehicles make sense when most journeys are between home and work with an average distance of 10 km? - Will it be possible to increase the capacity of parking spaces without changing the existing infrastructure? - Will people with reduced mobility be able to drive autonomously and access the interior of the vehicle effortlessly?Given these assumptions, this study converges in a research strategy that aims to analyze, reflect and design a user-centered vehicle for urban mobility that enforces the concepts of inclusion for people with reduced mobility, integrates the EU Sustainable Development Goals and gears the vehicle towards commuter trips. This context sets the stage for a radical innovation of the mobility paradigm that, despite recent technological advances, currently fails to meet the social, economic and environmental demands of contemporary society.
Towards safer mobility in cities and communities: a framework to assist the design process of cycling warning systems
Authors: Santos Pedro , Gomes António , Clemente Violeta
Published: June 2023

Cycling is currently booming as an affordable mean of transportation to replace fossil fuel vehicles. Regardless of multiple projects to increase and promote safe cycling environments, riders safety is a growing concern since it is affected by multiple variables such as circulating vehicles and pedestrians, road and city design and conditions, rider’s behavior, bicycle characteristics, among others.Currently, there are already some devices to help bicycle riders to discern threats in their journey and the literature reports a few studies aiming to evaluate users perception regarding such devices effectiveness and usability. However, according to our knowledge, those studies are scattered, focused on evaluating specific solutions and their contributions were not yet described in a holistic perspective. Based on a scoping literature review, presented paper aims to add a contribution to the topic by arranging knowledge from across those fragmented research approaches into a coherent framework.Since this work is part of a project focused on cycling safety solutions based on the use of digital technologies to assist rider preventive behaviour, the review was firstly conducted by assessing research dealing with this still emerging concept of rider self-protection enabled through warning systems, transportable by the cyclist or applicable on a bicycle, independent of the existence of a dedicated and/or exclusive external infrastructure. Additionally, some studies addressing safety measures depending upon other vehicles, city facilities or any other external entities or devices were also assessed, identifying the risk situations they address and user requirements in an alert situation. Aiming to bridge and unify knowledge, an integrative framework was developed. The framework intends to depict the principles of cycling self-safety systems mediated by smart devices, revealing key variables and concepts, clarifying its definitions and foundations, relationships between them, related processes and evaluation/measurement factors.The main contribution of this work is the proposal of a provisional integrative framework to serve as a guide during the process of designing cycling warning systems. Proposed framework is expected to assist the different activities throughout the design process, providing design and evaluation guidelines for selection of unexplored product development opportunities, new concepts development and selection, test and validation of prototypes or even products already in the market.
Beyond the tool vs. teammate debate: Exploring the sidekick metaphor in human-AI dyads
Authors: Bruni Sylvain , Freiman Mary , Riddle Kenyon
Published: June 2023

From symbiosis to copilot, a wide range of metaphors have been employed to characterize cooperative and collaborative relationships between human and non-human agents (be they software, robots, algorithms, or automated agents of any kind) in support of designing such advanced technologies. Recently, the emergence and rapid commoditization of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms have driven a highly bimodal debate on what metaphor is best to account for AI’s and ML’s new capabilities, particularly when those closely mimic humans’: Is AI a tool or a teammate for humans using the technology? This debate, however, occludes critical elements necessary to practitioners in the fields of human system design. To move past the “tool vs. teammate debate,” we propose an orthogonal metaphor, that of a sidekick, inspired by popular and literary culture, which can both accomplish and facilitate work (i.e., they do, and they help do). The sidekick metaphor was applied to a variety of efforts where it yielded novel design considerations which would have otherwise been unattainable by previous approaches. In this contribution, we report on the debate, describe the sidekick metaphor, and exemplify its application to real-world use cases, in domains such as intelligence analysis, aircraft maintenance, and missile defense.
The Role of Artificial Theory of Mind in Supporting Human-Agent Teaming Interactions
Authors: Williams Jessica , Bendell Rhyse , Fiore Stephen , Jentsch Florian
Published: June 2023

In this article we discuss the role of Artificial Theory of Mind (AToM) in supporting human-agent teaming interactions. Humans are able to interpret, understand, and predict another’s behavior by leveraging core socio-cognitive processes, generally referred to as Theory of Mind (ToM). A human’s ToM is critical to their ability to successfully interact with others, especially in the context of teaming. Considering the increasing role of AI in team cognition, there is an emerging need for agents capable of such complex socio-cognitive processes. We report findings from a large multi-organization research program, DARPA’s Artificial Social Intelligence Supporting Teams (ASIST), designed to study teamwork with socially intelligent artificial agents serving as team advisors. We focus on agent-to-human communications, including content, intended purpose, and, particularly, the use of AToM attributions in both covert agent explanations as rationale for giving a certain intervention, as well as the use of agents making overt ToM attributions of players in the intervention itself. The findings suggest that agent teammates are able to demonstrate AToM and that that interventions based upon these can influence team outcomes. We discuss the impact of the various types of ASI interventions and their effect on teams, and provide recommendations for future research on human-AI teaming.
Evolution of Workload Demands of the Control Room with Plant Technology
Authors: Lin Jinchao , Matthews Gerald , Schreck Jacquelyn , Dickerson Kelly , Hughes Niav
Published: June 2023

The management and assessment of operator workload is a critical element of nuclear power plant (NPP) safety. Operators in the NPP main control room (MCR) often face workload that varies both quantitatively and qualitatively as immediate task demands change. Although workload is an intuitive construct, it is not easy to define and measure in practice. This paper reviews the conceptual and empirical challenges in workload assessment, discusses the evolution of workload in MCRs, and presents subjective workload data from recent U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)’s Human Performance Test Facility (HPTF) studies. Designs for NPP control rooms will increasingly utilize new technology, ranging from digitization of I&C through automation of operator functions to eventual use of AI. Workload assessment can contribute to determining whether the technology reduces cognitive demands on operators or has detrimental effects, such as increasing the vulnerability to human errors. We advocate for a multidimensional workload assessment approach based on Multiple Resource Theory and workload assessment should be combined with measurements of other constructs such as situation awareness, teamwork, and trust to identify vulnerabilities to error in NPPs.
Behavioral indicators - an approach for assessing nuclear control room operators’ excessive cognitive workload?
Authors: Øivind Braarud Per , Pignoni Giovanni
Published: June 2023

Cognitive workload that deteriorates the control room team’s performance is a central topic for human-technology design and evaluation. However, while stated as an essential research topic, the literature provides few studies investigating the excessive cognitive workload of complex dynamic human-system work. Multiple techniques have been developed to sample workload. Still, they all struggle to determine the nature of excessive workload, capturing change but leaving the interpretation to the investigator. To advance the measurement of excessive cognitive workload of complex work, this paper proposes to investigate behavioral indicators. Behavioral-based methods differ from performance measures as they concentrate on the operator's behavior rather than the outcome of the actions. The information embedded in the operator’s behavior may not directly reflect the outcome of the task. The paper proposes indicator categories in terms of task prioritization, work practices and low-level behavior. The approach implies developing an understanding of how control room teams adapt to and manage task load and how operators are affected by high workload – for the identification of indicators, and for the development and validation of measures from these cognitive workload indicators. The paper presents an initial review of simulator studies identifying adaption such as down-prioritizing secondary tasks, reducing attention to global process overview, asking for or providing team support on task demand, reducing verification of work, and delayed response in communication. Furthermore, we briefly consider the technical and staffing requirements necessary to support these measures.
The hybrid analysis as a disseminator in the field of motion economics studies through machine learning methods and rule-based knowledge
Authors: Jansing Steffen , Moehle Roman , Brockmann Barbara , Deuse Jochen
Published: June 2023

Manufacturing companies are increasingly confronted with the challenges of market globalisation, a shortening of product life cycles and a growing diversity of variants. New and flexible approaches to optimizing production processes and their planning ability are therefore needed to secure competitiveness in a sustainable way. Manual assembly in particular is a cost factor in the manufacturing industry and takes up a high proportion of the total production time. In addition to the efficient design of assembly processes, the ergonomic assessment and optimisation of work systems to avoid health hazards is also becoming increasingly important, also in consideration of demographic change. Currently, high personnel costs for the analysis of the workplace as well as special technical requirements for the employees in industrial engineering are identified as problematic. Especially for small and medium-sized companies with limited capacities in planning and existing competence levels of the employees, this aspect represents a hurdle that should not be underestimated. The following paper discusses the hypothesis that a combined approach of machine learning and rule-based knowledge as a hybrid analysis is suitable for transferring motion data captured by motion capturing into rule-conforming analyses in a semi-automated way. For this purpose, the new process building block system MTM-Human Work Design is used, which documents the required influencing factors chronologically and makes them variably evaluable in order to create time measurements and ergonomic execution analyses.
Ergo4workers: Usability Testing of the First Prototype of an App for the Ergonomic Assessment of Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Sabino Inês , Do Carmo Fernandes Maria , Antunes Ana , Monteny António , Guimarães Isabel , Cepeda Cátia , Gamboa Hugo , Quaresma Cláudia , L. Nunes Isabel , Teresa Videira Gabriel Ana
Published: June 2023

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) represent a group of inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the locomotor system caused by continuous exposure to risk factors, such as force, posture, and repetition, in the workplace. These disorders are manifested gradually and, over time, symptoms become more persistent. The workers of the healthcare sector are one occupational group facing the severe consequences of WRMSD. Ergonomic risk assessments play a crucial role in monitoring and preventing the occurrence of such disorders. Recent technological advances have enabled direct and reliable exposure measurements with wearable devices. Ergo4workers (E4W) is a system consisting of wearable sensors and a smartphone app whose purpose is to aggregate relevant data from such sensors. It aims to provide an ergonomic assessment of work activities, namely regarding the posture adopted; in the current research applied to healthcare professionals’ work. E4W was developed adopting a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach, in which after an initial phase devoted to the understanding and specifying the context of use, the three following phases are carried out iteratively: specifying user and design requirements; solution design and implementation; and evaluation. This paper describes the usability evaluation of E4W app’s first prototype. Usability tests were performed in a laboratory environment involving seven participants. The Cognitive Walkthrough method was applied, and the participants performed tasks in three different scenarios. Data regarding performance metrics of task success, the time required to perform each task, the number of errors, and actions performed were collected for each scenario. At the end of the test, participants were asked to comment on their interaction with the interface. The performance metrics obtained for each usability test were closely analysed. These results were consistent with the verbal feedback obtained, and improvement opportunities for the prototype were identified. These modifications will be implemented in a second prototype. Overall, the prototype was positively evaluated, as participants mentioned its intuitive functionalities and appealing features, as well as the app’s usefulness.
School Bus System Redesign Based on Ergonomics Principles - The example of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Authors: Wang Sijia , Qian Xu
Published: June 2023

The optimization design of the school bus system of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, based on ergonomics, is proposed to adapt to the wave of intelligent development in the information era and enhance safety, efficiency, and comfort. In this design, questionnaire interview, literature search and competition product analysis are used to deeply understand the pain points of the current situation, the development status of public transport system and references of school bus user groups and so on, which determined the school bus system’s function design, the CMF design, the product technology and the modelling key point. This design used Global Positioning System, smart touch screen and other technologies, as well as combined the knowledge of ergonomics and perceptual engineering. After the usability test of the product, the school bus user groups thought that the design had a certain effect.
Unified Vision-series of military exercise - the methodological struggles in conducting evaluation of Human Factors and Systems Interaction
Authors: Stensrud Rune , Valaker Sigmund , Haugen Torgar
Published: June 2023

The complexity and practical constraints of sociotechnical systems demand that researchers develop better understanding and methods for testing and providing input on critical Human Factor (HF) and Systems Interaction problems. This article takes a concrete approach to this problem describing the NATO HFM-276 Task Group methodological struggles in conducting evaluation of a military exercise. To analyze the duality; theory and practice, in the area an overall Socio-Technical Multiteam (STM) model was used to identify critical Human Factors (HF) and Systems Interaction in order to survey the gap between simulation and best practice. The Systems Interaction and the methodological struggles in conducting the evaluation of HF and Systems Interaction One dilemma that occurs in these events is the one between being a training arena for military units and operational versus being an arena for operational testing of systems and new capabilities, may lead to some challenges for HF methods. This speaks to the aspect of multiplicity and uncertainty. The behavior of the distributed cooperative systems and operators during the preparation phase and execution are made up of multiple, highly interconnected individuals who influence one another formally and informally. A particular aspect of the UV exercises is the ongoing modifications of systems (e.g., Command and control systems and information systems) and their use during the trial itself. Operators and Supervisors are to analyze data seeking to identify targets across Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations. Evaluating these operations included Human Factors and Systems Interaction (pre- and post-exercise) surveys, observational, archival, and document study. We discuss the utility of these methods using recent work in the HF and ergonomics literature on how to match HF methods to core aspects of the complexity of sociotechnical systems. We also discuss how the methods used could capture complexity, and how to improve HF evaluations of training and test practices in the military and other field settings taking into account some aspects of the complexity of ISR operations. The example of mapping organizational structure using a problem space, as well as experimental designs could be avenues for accommodating complexity in future HF evaluations of military exercises.
Correlation between Dominant Sensory Mechanisms during Interaction Processes with Virtual Products and Gender
Authors: Gil Tejeda Jorge , Olmos Pineda Lorena
Published: June 2023

Through the exploration of Human Behavior with the use of networks as well as the Tetrachoric Coefficient (TC) it was sought the relationship between the active Dominant Sensory Mechanisms (DSM) during the interaction processes with 3 Virtual Products (VP) in 3 groups of users., and the gender of the persons like users. The DSM of each user was obtained from the number of repetitions of the SM observed in networks. In this sense, attention was focused on the Women's sector (W). The results obtained suggest the existence of a low dependence in the dichotomy: Dominant Sensory Mechanisms and the Women's sector. Likewise, the results obtained from the Tetrachoric Coefficient (TC) show a directly proportional relationship between the activation of the DSM and gender. In this sense, the results show that the higher the DSM, the greater the probability of the presence of interaction in the women's sector, and the lower the domain of a DSM and the less dominance of an DSM, the less probability of interaction in the women's sector. This was perceived in the 3 groups of users considering mixed groups. Therefore, a possible relationship between the activation of sensory mechanisms and the gender is appreciated.
Perceptions of and intention to use wearable and assistive devices among older adults
Authors: Liu Hao , Or Calvin , Lou Vivian , Hu Yong , Xi Ning
Published: June 2023

This study examined older adults’ perceptions of wearable and assistive devices and the influences of these perceptions on the intention to use (ITU) these devices. Fourteen perception variables related to device usage were assessed: perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitudes (ATT), ease of maintenance (EOM), weight (WEI), portability (POR), perceived comfort (PCOM), perceived convenience (PCON), appearance (APP), anxiety (ANX), image (IMA), perceived need (PN), perceived cost-effectiveness (PCE), and trust (TRU). Eighty-one older adults aged 65 years or older tried out any three of seven wearable and assistive devices and then responded to a questionnaire containing items pertaining to each variable. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ demographic characteristics and perception responses. Partial least-squares path modeling was used to examine the impacts of the variables on the participants’ ITU. We found that the participants generally had positive perceptions of wearable and assistive devices. Specifically, we found that PU, PEOU, ATT, APP, PN, IMA, and TRU positively influenced the participants’ ITU, whereas EOM negatively influenced their ITU. In summary, practitioners should understand the needs of older adults, reduce their investment in promoting EOM, optimize the appearance and usability of the devices, and provide opportunities to try out the devices, all of which should be useful in improving older adults’ perceptions of and ITU for wearable and assistive devices.
Clothing and housing: Using materials with adaptable features can improve comfort and safety in emergency situations.
Authors: Couceiro Marlene , Carvalho Cristina
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we intend to present adaptable solutions to improve the safety and comfort of users during or after natural catastrophes (earthquakes, eruptions, floods, hurricanes, droughts) or man-made disasters (conflicts and war). We will explore several suggestions, which I will list below: new applications of signage and innovative materials, which allow a more efficient communication in an emergency situation; garments that become shelters, to minimize the negative impact caused by the destruction and loss of the victims' houses; thermochromic materials, reflectors and color used as warning signs, model partitions, lightweight structures, etc. Those are some examples of the features that enable temporary installations to be created in order to relieve human suffering. Conclusions: In this study, we present some versatile, adaptable, and ecological structures, which reflect the environmental and social changes in our western society. We have put together a series of solutions to create temporary shelter. Projects which are a response to the needs of today's world: contemporary nomadism and struggles in renting or buying a house, due to the rising cost of essential goods and the cost of living. The recent past has been marked by a series of unpredictable events: a pandemic, man-made disasters (Russian-Ukrainian War) and natural catastrophes (a heat wave that hit Europe and increased the risk of fire, heavy and persistent rain that caused floods, falling trees and the recent earthquake in Turkey and Syria). Different occurrences that have left several people homeless. When working in extreme conditions and with limited resources, the provision of a shelter can reduce vulnerability in social and economic terms, physical integrity and well-being. It has been found that the development of this type of product has advantages in terms of comfort, mobility, and safety, as it allows for a rapid adaptation and recovery.
Inclusive Wardrobe - Touching and wearing different types of fabrics among visually impaired people.
Authors: Costa Pereira Carla , Deepshikha Sharma , Carvalho Cristina
Published: June 2023

Considering the sensory experience of the user as a clothing buyer and taking into account that the sense of touch is extremely important in the recognition of products by people with vision problems, this investigation aims to find out if touch is essentially a decisive buying factor. In this sense, and considering the practical work carried out among visually impaired people on the touch of the fabrics most used in everyday clothing, along with reviewing the existing literature on apparel user and consumer behaviour, this work may benefit the planning of a more inclusive wardrobe.
Vibration measurement and verification of ride comfort when a manual attendant-controlled wheelchair is running
Authors: Jutori Shunsuke , Tada Sekiya , Taniguchi Soma , Mihara Ryoya , Kawata Jyunji , Morimoto Jiro , Kaji Yoshio , Higuchi Mineo , Booka Masayuki , Yamamoto Toru , Fujisawa Shoichiro
Published: June 2023

The tire pressure of manual attendant-controlled wheelchairs was measured in four patterns of 80 kPa, 160 kPa, 240 kPa, and 320 kPa. The number of trials for each of the four patterns of tire pressure was 10 times for a total of 40 times. The maximum power spectrum, frequency at the maximum power spectrum, and integral value were obtained from the FFT analysis data for the acceleration in three directions measured using the triaxial accelerometer, and the trends due to changes in tire pressure were evaluated. Tire pressure indicators made for this study were attached to both rear wheels of the manual attendant-controlled wheelchairs, and a dummy weight of 50 kgf was placed on the seat. Acceleration in three directions, including up/down, front/back, and left/right directions, was measured using a three-axis accelerometer attached to a heavy object. The tire pressure of the manual wheelchair for assistance was measured in four patterns of 80 kPa, 160 kPa, 240 kPa, and 320 kPa. The number of trials for each of the four patterns of tire pressure was 10 times for a total of 40 times. FFT analysis was performed using numerical analysis software for acceleration in three directions measured using a triaxial accelerometer. The maximum power spectrum, frequency at the maximum power spectrum, and integral value were obtained from the FFT-analyzed data, and the relationship with tire pressure was verified. Riding comfort was evaluated using the SD method, and the following two types of evaluation were performed: stationary and running. For both static and running conditions, the evaluation consisted of three items, including sitting comfort, sense of security, and sitting comfort of the buttocks, and four items, including the strength of shaking while running. Responses were obtained on a five-point scale from 1 to 5. Consequently, in this study, an air pressure indicator for English valves was attached to manual attendant-controlled wheelchairs, and vibration measurements were performed under controlled conditions. As a result of experiments using the manufactured vibration measuring device, it was found that the vibration tends to increase as the tire pressure rises. Furthermore, it was found that the higher the tire pressure, the worse the ride comfort.
Taking People as The Ruler: A Human Factors Study of Wa Traditional Architecture on the Southwest Border of Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Yang Xiaoning , Li Weibing
Published: June 2023

The Wa people on the China-Myanmar border are one of the last primitive ethnic groups in China, and they are also one of the floating ethnic groups without the concept of national boundaries in history. The measurement method of traditional Wa buildings is based on the human scale, and every part of the building has a close relationship with people. In previous studies, little attention has been paid to the relationship between the Wa people and traditional architecture, and it only describes the architecture. This paper analyzes the conventional building construction techniques of the Wa people in Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County in China. Further, this paper uses fieldwork research and data collection to compare the impact of traditional Wa people's housing and modern housing on comfort and belief levels. A detailed survey of villages in Mengdong Town, Mengjiao Township, and Danjia Township in Cangyuan County studies the changes in local materials and building structures in Cangyuan. Identify the human factors and actual usage of traditional and modern housing in Wa villages.