bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photonic helicoid-like surface states in chiral metamaterials
Authors: Chern Ruey-Lin
Published: June 2023

We investigate the photonic topological phases in chiral metamaterials characterized by the magnetoelectric tensors with diagonal chirality components. The underlying medium is considered a photonic analogue of the topological semimetal featured with a Weyl cone and a cylindrical surface in the frequency-wave vector space. As the 'spin'-degenerate condition is satisfied, the photonic system can be rearranged as two hybrid modes that are completely decoupled. By introducing the pseudospin states as the basis for the hybrid modes, the photonic system is described by two subsystems in the form of spin-orbit Hamiltonians of spin 1, which result in nonzero spin Chern numbers that determine the topological properties. Surface modes at the interface between vacuum and the chiral metamaterial exist in their common gap in the wave vector space, which are analytically formulated by algebraic equations. In particular, the surface modes form a pair of spiral surface sheets wrapping around the Weyl cone, which resemble the helicoid surface states that occur in topological semimetals. At the Weyl frequency, the surface modes contain two Fermi arc-like states that concatenate to yield a straight line segment.
Better Hardness Results for the Minimum Spanning Tree Congestion Problem
Authors: Luu Huong , Chrobak Marek
Published: June 2023

In the spanning tree congestion problem, given a connected graph G, the objective is to compute a spanning tree T in G that minimizes its maximum edge congestion, where the congestion of an edge e of T is the number of edges in G for which the unique path in T between their endpoints traverses e. The problem is known to be NP-hard, but its approximability is still poorly understood, and it is not even known whether the optimum solution can be efficiently approximated with ratio o(n). In the decision version of this problem, denoted K-STC, we need to determine if G has a spanning tree with congestion at most K. It is known that K-STC is NP-complete for K ≥ 8, and this implies a lower bound of 1.125 on the approximation ratio of minimizing congestion. On the other hand, 3-STC can be solved in polynomial time, with the complexity status of this problem for K ∈ 4,5,6,7 remaining an open problem. We substantially improve the earlier hardness results by proving that K-STC is NP-complete for K ≥ 5. This leaves only the case K=4 open, and improves the lower bound on the approximation ratio to 1.2. Motivated by evidence that minimizing congestion is hard even in trees of small constant radius, we also consider K-STC restricted to graphs of radius 2, and we prove that this variant is NP-complete for all K ≥ 6.
How changements in the circulation patterns specific to the solid precipitations can affect these meteorological events in the Alpine stations of the Mediterranean region ? Use of the ERA5 reanalyses
Authors: GUERIN Guillaume , VIAUX Nicolas
Published: June 2023

A classification was achieved to obtain some daily atmospheric circulation types (days that have a similar atmospheric circulation pattern), capable of reproducing sequences specific to the solid precipitations’ events that occur in the mountains of the southern Alps (Mediterranean region). These atmospheric circulation types were statistically studied to get the evolution of the frequency of the synoptic conditions favorable and unfavorable to solid precipitations. The classification produced six atmospheric circulation types, including two synoptic snow classes and two dry classes. The South circulation with a trough on western Europe (STW) is the major snow classes. STW reproduced 62% of the total solid precipitations’ events, 68% of those with a medium intensity level and 100% of those with the high intensity level, which shows the effectiveness of the approach. The total number of days of presence per decades of STW, decreased between 1950 and 2019. This decreasing frequency of occurrence also applies to the other synoptic class of snow, the Depression over Central Europe (DCE). Conversely, the West anticyclonic (WA) and Southwest anticyclonic (SWA), did not produce any solid precipitations events and indicated the opposite logic, with an increase in their occurrences for the same period. This could lead to a strong change in the climate of the South of France, with major impact on the thickness and duration of snow cover. A sharp decrease in snow cover would have heavy economic consequences, the water cycle would be modified, the management of water resources could then be severely called into question and more worryingly, it would increase the intensity of periods of drought. The most plausible explanation for this phenomenon would come from the spread of Hadley's cell, which would push the Azores anticyclone further north and leads to a higher frequency of occurrence of WA and SWA.
Epidemiology and demographic risk factors for myopia in Ghana: A 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Kyei Samuel , Gyaami Rexford Kwasi , Abowine John Baptist , Zaabaar Ebenezer , Nti Augustine , Asiedu Kofi , Boadi-Kusi Samuel Bert , Owusu-Afriyie Bismark , Assiamah Frank , Armah Anthony
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To explore the epidemiology and demographic risk factors for myopia among a clinical sample.
Methods
In a hospital-based retrospective study, eligible subjects were grouped into either myopia or non-myopia. Demographic data, including age, sex, occupation, area of residence, region of residence, and ethnicity, were analysed. Other clinical information analysed included the degree of myopia and intervention provided for the myopia.
Results
Overall, 15807 were enrolled, with 50.9% being males. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 42.81 ± 18.99 years. A total of 44.4% of the patients were myopic. Age, type of ethnic group, occupation, and area of residence were associated with myopia. Demographic risk factors for myopia included occupations such as professionals (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 2.44–3.52), technicians and associated workers (OR: 6.71; 95% CI: 5.15–8.74), service workers (OR: 11.74; 95% CI: 9.62–14.33), skilled agriculture and fishery (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.41–2.50), craft workers (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.75–4.25), armed forces (OR: 10.26; 95% CI: 7.54–13.97), students (OR: 3.49; 95% CI: 2.76–4.42), the unemployed (OR: 6.64; 95% CI: 5.44–8.11), as well as Ewe (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.17–1.82) and Ga-Adangbe (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.05–1.54) ethnicities.
Conclusion
Myopia is the most common presenting refractive error in eye care facilities in Ghana. Ewe and Ga-Adangbe ethnicities, and specific occupations are risk factors for myopia.
Cigarette butt pollution in popular beaches of Morocco: Abundance, distribution, and mitigation measures
Authors: Mghili Bilal , Lamine Imane , Bouzekry Assia , Gunasekaran Kannan , Aksissou Mustapha
Published: June 2023

Cigarette butts pose a significant challenge in managing solid litter, with an estimated 4.95 trillion of them being discarded into the environment annually. This study investigated the pollution of eleven beaches along the Moroccan Mediterranean by cigarette butts compared to other types of marine litter between 2018 and 2023. Sampling was conducted using the visual survey technique according to a standardized protocol. A total of 50,575 items were collected with cigarette butts (14.62%) and plastic caps/lids drinks (10.93%) being the most common. Our survey of eleven beaches revealed 7395 cigarette butts, giving an average density of 0.06/m2 comparable to other countries in the Mediterranean. The analysis of the results shows significant differences in the abundance cigarette butts according to the beach typology, seasonality, sediment type, and number of beach users. Moreover, the study discovered a decrease in beach pollution during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, resulting in less litter collected compared to pre- and post-pandemic periods. The Cigarette Butt Pollution Index was categorized as very low pollution in M’diq and Kaa Asrass, low pollution in Ksar Sghir, Fnideq, Amsa, Oued Laou, significant pollution in Martil and Nador and sever pollution in Saidia and Sababia. The CBPI was higher during summer and winter, significantly associated with the density levels of beach users. The study recommends immediate action by the local administration to prevent the potential pollution of groundwater and sand by toxic substances leached from cigarette butts.
Environmental controls on seedling establishment in a boreal forest: implications for Scots pine regeneration in continuous cover forestry
Authors: Häggström Bodil , Gundale Michael J. , Nordin Annika
Published: June 2023

In nutrient poor and dry forest sites common to northern Scandinavia, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species both in managed and natural forests. However, Scots pine is sensitive to competition during establishment. Harvesting of all trees within a given area, i.e., clear-cutting, liberates regenerating seedlings from competition with mature trees. However, recent debates are in favor of clear-cut-free, i.e., continuous cover forestry (CCF). When choosing management method, it is important to recognize how competitive interactions direct the success of Scots pine regeneration. We studied Scots Pine regeneration at three environments: beneath the canopy of mature trees, at the canopy edge in full sunlight, and distant from the canopy with no influence of mature trees. We imposed three treatments in each of these environments: root isolation (i.e., trenching), nitrogen (N) fertilization, and control plots. Root isolation enhanced seedling performance under the canopy of mature trees. N fertilization enhanced seedling performance to a greater extent in the clear-cut than at the forest edge. However, N fertilization had no effect under the canopy. In the N fertilized plots we measured higher N content in the soil under the canopy than in the open environments, indicating that not all excess N was obtained by the mature trees. N-uptake might have been limited by competition for water in the N fertilized plots. Our results suggest that belowground competition limits the success of regeneration of Scots pine. However, N fertilization presents a tool to compensate for underground competition along canopy edges.
Incidence and outcomes of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Sepsis in Qatar-A multi-center study
Authors: Salim Sajid Thyvilayil , Vellamgot Anvar Paraparambil , Salameh Khalil , Kurunthattilthazhe Sudheer Babu , Elikkottil Abdurahiman , Dominguez Liliana Llerena , Banarjee Dhanya
Published: June 2023

Background
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the most common cause of neonatal early onset sepsis in term infants and a major cause of late onset sepsis in both term and preterm infants.
Aim
to estimate the incidence of GBSS among neonates born in Qatar between July 2015 and June 2020 (5 years). A secondary aim was to describe the outcomes of the affected babies.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective chart review of all neonates born during the study period was performed with the help of medical records departments of the four main maternity hospitals in Qatar, where > 90% of the births occurred.
Results
From 123878 live births, 113 babies grew GBS in blood culture during the first 90 days. 72 cases of early-onset GBS sepsis (EOGBSS) and 41 cases of late-onset GBS sepsis (LOGBSS) were identified. The estimated incidence of EOGBSS and LOGBSS was 0.58/1000 live births (95% CI 0.46–0.73) and 0.33/1000 live births (95% CI 0.24–0.45) respectively. The overall mortality was 7%, and the chart review identified severe neurodisability among at least 11% of survivors.
Conclusion
The incidences of EOGBSS and LOGBSS in Qatar are 0.58/1000 live births (LB) and 0.33/1000 LB, respectively. The relatively high incidence of EOGBSS probably reflects the high rate of carrier state among pregnant mothers. We did not observe any significant change in incidence after introducing the universal maternal screening for GBS. The overall mortality was similar to previously published data. Further prospective studies are recommended.
Preoperative Imaging of Critical Coarctation of the Aorta: Impact on Surgical Approach and Outcomes
Authors: McVadon Deani H. , Zyblewski Sinai C. , Chowdhury Shahryar M.
Published: June 2023

Background: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has been increasingly used for the evaluation of infants with aortic arch hypoplasia and coarctation of the aorta. The goals of this study were to compare echocardiographic and CTA findings in critical coarctation of the aorta, to evaluate each modality’s influence on surgical approach for repair and determine if pre-operative measurements or surgical approach are associated with residual lesions/re-interventions.
Methods: This was a single center retrospective cohort study that included 85 neonates and infants who underwent repair of coarctation/arch hypoplasia by three months of age. Two groups were compared: patients with preoperative echocardiograms only and patients with both echocardiogram and CTA evaluations.
Results: 44 (52%) patients received an echocardiogram and CTA, and 41 (48%) patients received an echocardiogram only. Patients in the CTA + echo group had smaller mitral valve and ascending aorta measurements (p = 0.01). When comparing CTA to echocardiogram measurements, the aortic valve annulus, ascending aorta, proximal and distal transverse arch, and isthmus were smaller on echo (p < 0.01). A smaller aortic valve annulus and aortic root as well as thoracotomy approach were associated with residual gradients/re-intervention (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Our study found that patients who underwent CTA pre-operatively had smaller left sided structures. Aortic measurements were smaller on echocardiogram when compared to CTA. Smaller left sided structures proximal to the aortic arch and thoracotomy predicted the development of residual lesions/re-intervention. CTA is useful in the surgical planning for neonates with arch hypoplasia/coarctation and may help risk stratify for residual lesions/re-intervention.
Modelling the differences between ultra-rapid and final orbit products of GPS satellites using machine learning approaches
Authors: Gou Junyang , Rösch Christine , Shehaj Endrit , Chen Kangkang , Shahvandi Mostafa Kiani , Soja Benedikt , Rothacher Markus
Published: June 2023

The International GNSS Service analysis centers provide orbit products of GPS satellites with weekly, daily, and sub-daily latency. The most frequent ultra-rapid products, which include one day of orbits derived from observations and one day of orbit prediction, are vital for real-time applications. However, the predicted part of the ultra-rapid orbits is less accurate than the part covered by observations and has deviations of several decimetres with respect to the final products. In this study, we investigate the potential of applying machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to enhance physics-based orbit predictions further. We employed multiple ML/DL algorithms and comprehensively compared the performances of different models. Since the prediction errors of the physics-based propagators accumulate with time and have sequential characteristics, specific sequential modelling algorithms, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), show superiority. Our approach shows promising results with average improvements of 47% in 3D RMS within the 24-hour prediction interval of the ultra-rapid products. In the end, we apply the orbits improved by LSTM to kinematic precise point positioning and demonstrate the benefits for geodetic applications. The accuracy of the station coordinates estimated based on these products is improved by 16% on average compared to those using ultra-rapid orbits.
Comparative analysis of the prebiotic effect of Fructooligosaccharides and Raffinose oligosaccharides on nutraceutical and sensory properties of soymilk fermented with mixed cultures of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Weissella confusa 30082b
Authors: Sasi Minnu , Kumar Sandeep , Tomar Govind Singh , Mishra Jigni , Arpitha  , Kaushik Parshant , S Vinayaka , Krishnan Veda , Rana Virendra Singh , Shakeel Najam , Saha Supradip , Dahuja Anil
Published: June 2023

High potential is attributed to the concomitant use of probiotics and prebiotics in a single food product, called "synbiotics," where the prebiotic component distinctly favours the growth and activity of probiotic microbes. This study implemented a detailed comparison between the prebiotic effect of Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Raffinose Oligosaccharides (RFOs) on the viable count of bacteria, hydrolysis into monosaccharides for the biosynthesis of postbiotic Short Chain Fatty Acids and sensory attributes of soymilk fermented with 1% (v/v) mixed cultures of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JCM 1136 and Weissella confusa 30082b. The highest viable count of 1.21×109 CFU/ml was observed in soymilk with 3%RFOs added as a prebiotic source compared with MRS broth with 3% RFOs (3.21×108) and 3%FOS (6.2 ×107 CFU/ml) when replaced against glucose in MRS broth. Raffinose and stachyose were extensively metabolised (4.75 and 1.28-fold decrease, respectively) in 3%RFOs supplemented with soymilk, and there was an increase in glucose, galactose, fructose (2.36,1.55, 2.76-fold respectively) in soymilk supplemented with 3% FOS. Synbiotic soymilk with 3%RFOs showed a 99-fold increase in methyl propionate, while the one supplemented with 3%FOS showed an increase in methyl butyrate. The highest acceptability was for soymilk fermented with 2%RFOs + 2%FOS + 2% Table sugar + 1% vanillin (7.87 ± 0.52) with high Mouth feel, product consistency, taste, and flavour. This study shows that simultaneous administration of soy with probiotic bacteria and prebiotic oligosaccharides like FOS and RFOs enhance the synergistic interaction between them, which up-graded the nutritional and sensory quality of synbiotic soymilk.
Valentino’s syndrome in acute pancreatitis female patient: A case report with literature review
Authors: Sarsono Michael Chandra , Pandapotan Roy Akur , Wahab Erwin Suryanegara
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Valentino’s syndrome is an unusual right iliac fossa pain due to perforation of a duodenal peptic ulcer through the paracolic sulcus leading to local irritation. The aim of this study is to report a case of Valentino’s syndrome from acute pancreatitis with a brief literature report.
CASE PRESENTATION:
A 50-year-old lady presented with diffuse irradiated abdominal pain and swelling of about 6 h duration, associated with nausea, vomiting, and inability to flatus. There was positive upper abdominal and right iliac fossa tenderness. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed acute pancreatitis appearance with fat stranding and fluid collection from the peripancreatic to the right lower quadrant. Serum amylase and lipase were elevated. Therefore, the initial diagnoses were acute pancreatitis and appendicitis. Conservative management was done because of poor hemodynamics, laboratory work-up, and the lack of medical speciality to perform surgery. The patient was then transferred to another hospital with adequate facilities.
CONCLUSION
Valentino’s syndrome from acute pancreatitis is an extremely rare case, presented with vague symptoms, diagnosed by abdominal CT scan. Clinical diagnosis could be challenging for clinicians.
Universality class of the mode-locked glassy random laser
Authors: Niedda Jacopo , Gradenigo Giacomo , Leuzzi Luca , Parisi Giorgio
Published: June 2023

By means of enhanced Monte Carlo numerical simulations parallelized on GPUs we study the critical properties of the spin-glass-like model for the mode-locked glassy random laser, a 44-spin model with complex spins with a global spherical constraint and quenched random interactions. Implementing two different boundary conditions for the mode frequencies we identify the critical points and the critical indices of the random lasing phase transition with finite size scaling techniques. The outcome of the scaling analysis is that the mode-locked random laser universality class is compatible with a mean-field one, though different from the mean-field class of the Random Energy Model and of the glassy random laser in the narrow band approximation, that is, the fully connected version of the present model. The low temperature (high pumping) phase is finally characterized by means of the overlap distribution and evidence for the onset of replica symmetry breaking in the lasing regime is provided.
IDENTIFICATION STUDY AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION CLAY STABILIZED BY GUMARABICSEYAL
Authors: Ban-Nah Mahamat A. , Dadi Mahamat A. , Barka Mahamat , Abakar Ali , Gaye Salif
Published: June 2023

The construction of infrastructures contributes to the development of a country, in particularthat of sustainable, economic and ecological social housing. Chad, withitsdemographic boom, isfacingthishousing and energycrisis. This experimentalstudyaims to determine the mechanicalresistance by the compression simple of local construction materials. A geotechnicalstudy of the materialwas made, including the grain size, Atterberglimits, methylene blue and normal Proctor tests.The experimentalresults of the mechanical tests show that the mechanicalstrengthgoesfrom 3.17 MPa for 100% clay to 4.04 MPa for 8% of gumarabic. Fromthisresultitcanbeconfirmedthatgumarabiccanbeused as a stabilizer for clay-based building materials.
Comparative Analysis on South Korea and Indonesia’s Outcome-Based Education (OBE) Resilience Amidst The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mulyaman Darynaufal , Catherine Catherine
Published: June 2023

The research argued that resilience in human development was maintained by an eminent education system rather than a mere economic performances. It was a comparative analysis of South Korea and Indonesia’s Outcome-Based Education (OBE) resilience amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented shock to human development. However, some countries handled COVID-19 impacts on their human development progress better than other countries sharing similar economic characteristics. This gap was evident between the G20 and MIKTA middle powers with sizable economic capabilities, South Korea and Indonesia. South Korea remained steady in maintaining its human development index, while Indonesia lagged. Through a qualitative approach, it was used Spady’s Outcome-Based Education theoretical model and gathered secondary data to compare Indonesia and South Korea’s education performances. The findings suggest that maintaining an effective OBE program through addressing physical and nonphysical barriers to education contributes towards resilient human development progress in South Korea, while the opposite is true for Indonesia.
Adaptation of Betawi Traditional Music Performers to Preserve Their Existence in a New Normal Era
Authors: Wardhana Iwan Henry , Permana Cecep Eka , Puspitasari Maria , Chotib Chotib
Published: June 2023

The research explored an adaptation to survive in the new normal era in the Jakarta art performers in general and the Betawi traditional music performers in particular. The implementation of social restrictions and regional quarantines in Jakarta had prevented many sectors from making economic activities, including Betawi traditional music performers. The research examined how the Betawi traditional music performers in the Betawi Cultural Village of Setu Babakan adapted to health protocols on stage performance and internet knowledge on virtual performances in the new normal era. Data are taken from in-depth interviews and classified to determine the adaptation ability carried out by Betawi traditional music performers. The Betawi traditional music performance studios were Sanggar Arrominia, Sanggar Gambang Kromong Setia Muda, and Sanggar At-Taubah with certain types of traditional music, such as Gambus, Samrah, Qasidah, Hadrah, and Gambang Kromong. It is found that during the social restriction and regional quarantine in Jakarta, the studios experience a decrease in their request to perform. They need to survive by adapting to the new normal era through the application of the health protocols on stage performance and exploring their knowledge on the internet to conduct the virtual performance. The health protocol limits the flexibility in performing traditional music through mask and face-shield wearing. The average knowledge of the internet and having limited internet devices are some other situations to be adapted by traditional music performers. The adaptation needs to be carried out sometime in the future, and this pandemic only accelerates the need.
In silico and Experimental Assessments Applied to Preliminary Identification of New Illicit Substances Structures
Authors: Lopes Karen , Lucena Maria , Lopes Thiago Inacio , da Silva Ámison , da Silva Leonardo , Monteiro Norberto , de Lima-Neto Pedro , Ricardo Nágila
Published: June 2023

This is an initial study using infrared (IR) in silico data as a standard database in preliminary method for new synthetic seized drugs. For this purpose, ten of the most common synthetic illicit seized substances on the Brazilian market were compared and computational chemistry was used as a tool for theoretical standard database. Infrared data from standard electronic library, experimental data from seized samples and data simulated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) were evaluated. The feasibility of the method was based on the degree of correlation of evaluated data. The results suggest that the computational methodology can be a viable way to analyze the structures of new synthetic drugs and obtain preliminary infrared profiles. Correlations data indicated a presumptive identification of the analyzed samples and it was also possible to observe a preliminary identification of drugs in five classes. However, it was observed that some synthetic cathinones and phenylethylamines were confused with amphetamines. Therefore, new studies must be developed to optimize the use of these data, because the simulated IR spectra can be advantageous to evaluate the profile of possible substances that may be synthesized in the future.
Development of steel bridge coating condition evaluation system using UV based active thermography and vision technique
Authors: Kim hyeonjin , Hoon sohn
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes an unmanned vehicle (UV) for steel structure coating condition assessment based on active thermography and vision techniques. The proposed UV can quantify and visualize the coating thickness, and detect and quantify defects on the coating. Once the UV moves over the steel structures, the line laser generates the heat energy on the structure surface. Corresponding heat responses are measured by a thermal camera and surface characteristics are captured by the vision camera as RGB images. The measured heat responses and RGB images are processed through signal and image processing. The coating thickness distribution is visualized and quantified the entire inspection area, and the defects on the surface and subsurface are detected and classified into four classes: corrosion, delamination, checking, and chalking. The uniqueness of this paper lies in (1) quantification and visualization of coating condition in a wide area, (2) improvement of accessibility of coating condition assessment instrument using the UV with magnetic wheels, and (3) world-first coating condition evaluation based on the coating thickness distribution and defect inspection using active thermography and vision technique.
Scanning modulated phototermal radiometry
Authors: Mateos Canseco alejandro , Kusiak andrzej , Battaglia jean-Luc
Published: June 2023

In this work the photothermal radiometry technique is developed in order to observe the thermal properties of anisotropic materials at micro-metric spatial resolution. The use of modulated excitation in addition to the synchronous detection allows explore frequencies up to 100 kHz. In addition a scanning configuration has shown the capability to perform image acquisition of thermal behavior with micro-metric resolution.
Importance of correction of surface temperature maps in urban environment
Authors: Ibos laurent , Feuillet vincent
Published: June 2023

IR thermography is a common tool for monitoring heat losses of building facades. The surface temperature evaluation depends on several influencing parameters, especially the surface emissivity and the contribution of surrounding radiation. In this article, we will quantify the errors on surface temperature measurements due to these influencing parameters values. We will also illustrate the difficulty to obtain an accurate surface temperature on a low emissivity specular surface of a building and the need for an adequate modelling of the environment contribution.
Portable device for on-site, non-contact normal emissivity estimation in cultural heritage monitoring applications
Authors: Olbrycht robert , Bahillo alfonso
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the developed portable device enabling on-site emissivity estimation in non-contact manner. It is based on reflection intensity analysis in long wavelength infrared spectral band. It enables determination of emissivity and reflection factor for non transparent surfaces. Those are important parameters for thermal imaging, but also may be correlated with the type of analysed surface. It may be used to determine the type of material or its condition in different applications, where it is not recommended (or not possible) to heat up the surface for measurement. It is often the condition in case of underground built heritage.
Improving secondary settling tanks performance by applying CFD models for design and operation
Authors: Dairi Sabri , Khoualdia Wassila , Mrad Dounia , Bouamrane Ali , Djebbar Yassine , Abida Habib
Published: June 2023

This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for an improved performance of secondary settling tanks, taking as a case study the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Souk-Ahras City, Northeastern Algeria. Unlike previous studies, which focused primarily on simulations of real-time clarifiers by independent measures, this study combines differentoperating criteria and geometric standards on clarifiers to estimate the ultimate capacity of secondary sedimentation tanks (SST). Numerical simulations were performed toassess the SST hydraulic performance under different conditions in order to (i) eliminate vortex zones; (ii) optimize the surface overflow rate (SOR) and predict sludge blanket height (SBH), and finally, (iii) estimate SST ultimate capacity. Based on the current configuration of the SST of Souk-Ahras WWTP, its hydraulic treatment capacity was found to be 49,000 m3/d. The results obtained, which were validated by field observations, showed that optimizing the different parameters yields a significantly improved SST performance. Furthermore, the tests consideredwere shown to be satisfactorily correlated with SOR. Validation using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis yielded anarea under curve (AUC) value of 90%, implying thereby a reasonably good performance. Indeed, optimization resulted in increased solidremoval efficiency and increased SOR to 1.4 m.h−1 (compared to 0.8 m.h−1 in literature) without overflow beyond the SBH.
Groundwater potential zonation in the Siwalik of the Kankai River Basin, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Silwal Champak Babu , Nepal Mukesh , Pathak Dinesh , Karkee Balram , Dahal Kiran , Acharya Samir
Published: June 2023

For the globally degrading groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality, proper assessment and management become crucial for their sustainable use. This study aims to delineate the groundwater potential zones using an integrated approach of geographic information system (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the Siwalik of the Kankai River Basin, Eastern Nepal. Different thematic layers like hydrogeomorphology, land use/land cover, lithology, slope, topographic wetness index, drainage density, normalized difference vegetation index, lineament density, and aspect were prepared and processed with suitable weights on Saaty's scale. The delineated groundwater potential zones in the study area were categorized as low, moderate, and high. The results showed that approximately 49.38% (130.85 km2) of the total study area has a low potential for groundwater. The moderate zone includes approximately 35.5% (94.07 km2) and the high potential zone includes only 15.05% (39.88 km2) of the area. The potential map was validated with a 70.6% prediction rate using the spatial distribution of the springs in the area. The analysis shows that hydrogeomorphology, LULC, and lithology have a significant control on the occurrences of groundwater. The study signifies the scarcity of groundwater resources, which needs a better management plan and strategies for sustainable use.
Lektura Lubuskich podróży ze smakiem peregrynacją dla przyjemności i intelektualną wędrówką po wiedzę (spojrzenie filologa-lingwokulturologa
Authors: Węgorowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

The extraordinary character of a contemporary ‘Baedeker’-type culinary-tourist guide,whichappeals to the senses of its reader, is perfect to showcase the region al specialties of the Lubuskie Region. Such a guide will also act as an inspiration to consider the richness and diversity of the Lubuskie Region. The subject, and thus the objective of this articleis to prezent Lubuskie’s culinary heritage and, throughit, the virtues of Lubuskie’s fauna and flora, the advantages of Lubuskie’s agrotourism farms and Lubuskie’s ethnotourism. The spiritual/symbolich eritagethatis preserved in this guideshows off the Lubuskie Region as an attractive are a where the past is an integral part of the present.
Synthesis and Biological Study of 4-Aminopyridine-Peptide Derivatives Designed for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Vezenkov Lyubomir T. , Tsekova Daniela S. , Kostadinova Ivanka , Mihaylova Rositsa , Lozanov Valentin , Vassilev Nikolay G. , Danchev Nikolai , Tsakovska Ivanka , Pajeva Ilza
Published: June 2023

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Multiple sclerosis (MS) lead to neurodegenerative
processes negatively affecting millions of people worldwide. Their treatment is still difficult and
practically incomplete. One of the most commonly used drugs against these neurodegenerative diseases
is 4-aminopyridine. However, its use is confined by the high toxicity.

Objectives:

The aim of this work is to obtain new peptide derivatives of 4-aminopyridine with decreased
toxicity compared to 4-aminopyridine.

Methods:

Synthesis was conducted in solution using a consecutive condensation approach. The new
derivatives were characterized by melting points, NMR, and Mass spectra. Important ADME (absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties have been studied in silico using
ACD/Percepta v.2020.2.0 software. Acute toxicity was determined in mice according to a Standard
protocol. All new derivatives were tested in vitro for cytotoxic activity in a panel of human (HEP-G2,
BV-173) and murine (NEURO 2A) tumor cell lines via a standard MTT-based colorimetric method.
β-secretase inhibitory activity was determined by applying the fluorescent method.

Results:

New derivatives of 4-aminopyridine containing analogues of the β-secretase inhibitory peptide
(Boc-Val-Asn-Leu-Ala-OH) were obtained. The in vivo toxicity of the tested compounds was
found to be as high as 1500 mg/kg. Cell toxicity screening against tumor cell lines of different origins
showed negligible growth-inhibitory effects of all investigated 4-aminopyridine analogues.

Conclusion:

Synthesis of new peptide derivatives of 4-aminopyridine is reported. Acute toxicity studies
revealed a ca. 150 times lower toxicity of the new compounds as compared to 4-aminopyridine
that may be ascribed to their peptide fragment.
New Relations between Zagreb Indices and Omega Invariant
Authors: Gunes Aysun Yurttas
Published: June 2023

In this work, we studied the problem of determining the values of the Zagreb indices of all the realizations of a given degree sequence.

Methods:

We first obtained some new relations between the first and second Zagreb indices and the forgotten index sometimes called the third Zagreb index. These relations also include the triangular numbers, order, size, and the biggest vertex degree of a given graph. As the first Zagreb index and the forgotten index of all the realizations of a given degree sequence are fixed, we concentrated on the values of the second Zagreb index and studied several properties including the effect of vertex addition.

Results:

In our calculations, we make use of a new graph invariant, called omega invariant, to reach nu-merical and topological values claimed in the theorems. This invariant is closely related to Euler charac-teristic and the cyclomatic number of graphs.

Conclusion:

Therefore this invariant is used in the calculation of some parameters of the molecular structure under review in terms of vertex degrees, eccentricity, and distance.
Review of Perspectives on Increasing Demand for "Cardamom Tincture Aromatic" in the Global Market
Authors: Singh Sonia , Goswami Manisha , Agrawal Nitin
Published: June 2023

Cardamom belongs to the family Zingiberaceae and is indigenous to India and Malesia.
The crude drug has potential pharmacological applications such as antioxidant, analgesic, antibacterial
antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cardamom also contains bioactive constituents,
including terpenoids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, essential oils, and carotenoids. The demand for
herbal medicines has increased in most emerging nations, and their supply has steadily grown
worldwide. Around 80% of people worldwide use herbal medicines to treat their illnesses. There are
many dosage forms for herbal products, including tinctures, powders, liniments, lotions, capsules,
balms, syrups, and tablets. "Herbal tincture" refers to concentrated herbal extracts with ethanol generally
functioning as the solvent. Cardamom can be used as a tincture to extract its beneficial compounds
and create a concentrated liquid form for various purposes. These are widely used as folk
medicines and are even well-known in many medical systems, including Ayurveda and homeopathy.
There are numerous herbal tinctures on the market, including those of tulsi, compound cardamom,
and ginger. These preparations are simple to use and store. The current manuscript discusses
several tincture preparation techniques, focusing on cardamom tincture and stability conditions, a
market overview, and a few patents.

:

This article briefly overviews the global trading markets for herbal tinctures, particularly cardamom
tinctures. Even the paper has explored the general information of cardamom and a market overview
of the herbal tinctures.
Deshidratación de lodo residual a escala piloto en un secador convectivo rotacional, Caso:Planta de tratamiento de aguas santa clara, provincia de Lima, Perú
Authors: Natividad Marin Leynard , Gil Villanueva Alfonso
Published: June 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como finalidad disminuir la humedad y el contenido de patógenos presentes en el lodo residual de la Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales de Santa Clara. Esto permitiría reducir costos de transporte del lodo al relleno sanitario y su posible reutilización como fertilizante. La deshidratación a escala piloto se realizó mediante un proceso constituido por un secador convectivo de rotación continua, tanque de agitación, tornillo de alimentación, sistema de calentamiento de aire, colector ciclónico y un lavador de gases. El efecto de la temperatura (120°C, 150°C y 200°C) y el tiempo de permanencia del lodo dentro del tambor de secado (20, 40, y 60 minutos) fueron estudiados. El lodo húmedo inicial, conteniendo 85.90%, 9.17% y 4.93% en agua, sólidos suspendidos volátiles y sólidos suspendidos no volátiles respectivamente, alcanzó una humedad mínima promedio de 17.74% a una temperatura de 200°C y 60 minutos de permanencia. No se detectó en la muestra de lodo inicial Huevos de Helmintos, pero si un alto contenido de Escherichia Coli (4×105 NMP/1g ST a 1.6×107 NMP/1g ST), siendo necesario adicionar  para estabilizarla a pH alrededor de 12 durante la alimentación del lodo al secador. La caracterización del lodo deshidratación muestra que la alta concentración de nutrientes (N, P, C, etc.) indica ventajas como fertilizante, pero su alto contenido en metales sugiere mayor investigación si se pretende usarlo en el cultivo de alimentos.
Kebijakan Akselerasi Transformasi Digital di Indonesia: Peluang dan Tantangan untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Bangsawan Gema
Published: June 2023

Transformasi digital telah menjadi tren global yang mempengaruhi semua aspek kehidupan manusia. Di Indonesia, kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi, terutama di sektor ekonomi kreatif. Permasalahan yang ada di antaranya terkait dengan infrastruktur, literasi dan regulasi dalam mengakselerasi transformasi yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peluang dan tantangan yang terkait dengan kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif di Indonesia. Penelitian menemukan bahwa ada berbagai peluang yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif di Indonesia melalui kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital, tantangan yang harus diatasi, seperti rendahnya aksesibilitas teknologi dan infrastruktur yang kurang memadai. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital dapat menjadi pendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi kreatif di Indonesia yang harus disesuaikan dengan kondisi lokal dan diiringi dengan upaya-upaya untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas teknologi dan infrastruktur yang memadai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif untuk memahami dan menjelaskan fenomena yang kompleks dan bervariasi dari sudut pandang subjek yang terlibat dalam studi ini. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi literatur dari jurnal ilmiah popular dan data statistik yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan dengan fenomena yang akan diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital dapat menjadi faktor penting dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif di Indonesia dengan upaya-upaya untuk mengatasi tantangan yang ada, seperti meningkatkan aksesibilitas teknologi dan infrastruktur yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sinergi antara pelaku industri, pemerintah, dan masyarakat dalam mendorong dan mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi kreatif melalui kebijakan akselerasi transformasi digital.
Competency construct model for critical reading in non-literary texts based on the framework of the Indonesian National Qualification (KKNI)
Authors: Rahayu Dwi Hanti , Nurbaya St.
Published: June 2023

The ability to read is a language skill that is very important in supporting general academic abilities. Based on research, most study programs at higher education institutions do not include critical reading as a subject. For this reason, this study aims to produce a construct model of critical reading competencies in non-literary texts which is used as a guideline for evaluating learning outcomes (LO) in critical reading classes. The ptesent study is developmental research with the stages of preliminary study activities, literature studies, field analysis, and competency product development. The data source for the study is analysis of data needs to build critical reading competences. Results of the study show that there are five steps of activities carried out in critical reading, namely: 1) surveying the text, 2) understanding the contents of the text, 3) analyzing the text, 4) criticizing the text, and 5) evaluating and publishing. Step (1) determines the type of text to be criticized, identifing the identity and background of the author. Step (2) determines the theme of the text, shows the characteristics of the text, and states the main ideas of each paragraph. Step (3) identifies the structure of the text, states facts and opinions, determines the pattern of paragraph development, identifies relationships between main ideas and explanations, restates implied meanings, and understands the relevances of the relationships among text structures. Step (4) shows the discrepancy between the theme and the content, the description in each part of the text, the ideas in the paragraphs, the details of facts, and the author's arguments. Step (5) assesses the accuracy and suitability of the facts. The final stage is publication of results showing strengths and weaknesses of the text.Keywords: construct model, critical reading, non-literary text
Моделирование поверхностно-объемного заряжения диэлектрика электронами с энергией от 6 до 30 keV
Authors: Зыков В.М. , Нейман Д.А.
Published: June 2023

The physico-mathematical model applied to ground tests for geomagnetic plasma exposure based on the combined consideration of surface and bulk processes of transport and charge accumulation for calculating the kinetics of charging high-resistance dielectrics irradiated by medium-energy monoenergetic electrons (from 6 to 30 keV) is proposed. The model takes into account the contribution to the charging of the dielectric by the trains of longitudinal optical phonons generated by each thermalizing primary electron with energy below the band gap of the dielectric, which supplements the induced conduction current due to the generation of electron-hole pairs. As a result, the current induced by trains of longitudinal optical phonons of the tunnel conductivity through free electron traps is introdused, as well as the current induced in the conduction band due to multiphonon ionization the electron traps by trains of longutudinal optical phonons in the region of existence of electric field. Using the example of the α-Al2O3 (sapphire) dielectric, the results of computer simulation of the internal currents distributions, charges, and electric field in the dielectric with the open surface irradiated by monoenergetic electrons with energies from 6 to 30 keV are presented according with the achievement the quasi-equilibrium in the irradiated part of the dielectric and with switching of the energy of primary electrons during the irradiation process.
Структура течения и теплоперенос в газокапельном течении за внезапным сужением канала
Authors: Пахомов М.А. , Терехов В.И.
Published: June 2023

The numerical study of the local flow structure and heat transfer in a gas-droplet turbulent flow behind a forward-facing step in the two-phase gas-droplet flow is carried out. Two-dimensional steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are used for the numerical solution. They were written taking into account the presence of a dispersed phase. The Eulerian two-fluid approach is used to describe the flow dynamics and heat and mass transfer in the gaseous and dispersed phases. The turbulence of the carrier phase was described using an elliptical model for the transport of Reynolds stress components, taking into account the presence of droplets. The effect of evaporating droplets flowing after the forward-facing step on the local flow structure, turbulence, distribution of the dispersed phase, and heat transfer inetensification is analyzed.
Локализация и зарядовое состояние ионов металла в углеродных наноструктурах пиролизата дифталоцианина европия
Authors: Козлов В.С. , Семенов В.Г. , Быков А.А. , Байрамуков В.Ю.
Published: June 2023

In the experiments of Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) the morphology and structurization of the carbon phase, the charge state of europium and the dynamic properties of europium bis-phthalocyanine pyrolysed derivatives, including the Debye temperature, were revealed.
It was found that the pyrolysis of europium bis-pthalocyanine resulted in the amorphous carbon matrix and nanoscaled graphene clusters both forming turbostratic carbon phase. The europium ions in the charge state Eu3+/Eu2+ were detected. The data indicated that localization of Eu ions took place between layers of graphenes similar to graphite intercalation compounds. It was shown that an isomeric shift, linewidths and the magnitude of the resonant absorption are essential characteristics of structural transformations at the pyrolysis of rare earth bis-phthalocyanines.