bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Levels of Students Aged 17-18
Authors: Atasoy Murat , Altun Meryem
Published: September 2018

This study intended to measure the cognitive behavioral physical activity levels of students aged 17-18 enrolled at different schools. The study population was comprised of the 17-18 age group and the study sample was comprised of 159 students in total n:76 (47.8%) enrolled at 15 Temmuz Şehitler Sports High School and n:83 (52.2%) enrolled at Cumhuriyet Anatolian High School in the province of Niğde. The data was analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and the confidence level was 95%. According to the Kolmogrow Smirnov analysis, t and ANOVA tests were used as the participants’ cognitive behavioral physical activity scores had normal distribution (p>0.05) and Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used as result expectation, self-regulation and personal obstacles subdimension scores did not have normal distribution (p<0.05).  According to the study results, there was no significant difference between the students enrolled at the Sports High School and the Anatolian High School. There was significant difference between the participants aged 17 and 18 considering cognitive behavioral physical activity by school. There was significant difference between the female and male participants in terms of Personal Obstacles. Accordingly, females had higher Personal Obstacles. Considering cognitive behavioral physical activity by gender, there was significant difference between the female and male participants in terms of cognitive behavioral physical activity. Accordingly, males had higher Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity.
Teaching the Skill of Reading Facial Expressions to a Child with Autism Using Musical Activities: A Case Study
Authors: Eren Bilgehan
Published: September 2018

Reading facial expressions is one of the non-verbal communication skills and is considered as being essential for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in terms of having effective communication and social interaction with others. Information from relevant literature indicates that musical activities can be used for teaching skills to this population. Therefore, it can be used for teaching the skill of reading expressions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of musical activities on teaching the skill of reading facial expressions to a child with ASD using musical activities. The study was conducted with a 5- year-old boy diagnosed with ASD attending a Special Education and Rehabilitation Center in Turkey. One-to-one music sessions were carried out once a week for 3 months. Interventions focusing on the emotion sadness consisted of a variety of musical activities. A descriptive analysis was used for all videotaped sessions. After 12 sessions, he showed success in the targetted behaviors. These results suggest that the therapeutic use of musical activities can be considered as an acceptable treatment option for teaching non-verbal communication skills to children with ASD.
Historical Development and Transformation of Vali-Asr Street, Tehran
Authors: Lotfata Aynaz , Panahandehkhah Musa , Lotfata Yasin
Published: September 2018

Urban spaces throughout history have played a significant role in the socio-economic life of the inhabitants and have served as the center for communication and transformation in the cities. Study of historical periods and the development of urban space lead to our understanding of human perception toward life in different periods. The historically confluence of sociopolitical and economic changes shapes urban setting. The historical development of Vali Asr Street investigated to examine sociopolitical dynamics in development and transformation of urban space in the center of Tehran metropolitan. This paper contributes in identification of opportunities, threats, weaknesses and strengths in the three approaches for Vali-Asr street that might be used as assessment indicators for future development of urban space.
Satellite-Based Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Changes around Lake Fitri, Republic of Chad
Authors: Djimadoumngar Kim-Ndor , Adegoke Jimmy
Published: September 2018

Lake Fitri, located northeast of the Republic of Chad’s Capital, N’Djamena, and southeast of Lake Chad, is especially important because it serves as an alternative source to Lake Chad in supporting the livelihood of pastoralists and subsidence farmers displaced from the Lake Chad region. It therefore serves to relieve population pressures on Lake Chad, which has undergone drastic reduction in total water volume in the last few decades. The area has also been the epicenter of recent violent campaigns and devastating insurgency mounted by the so-called Boko Haram.

This study investigated the land use land cover around Lake Fitri from 1986 to 2003, and from 2003 to 2013 using Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 7 (ETM+), and Landsat 8 (OLI_TIRS). The satellite imageries were retrieved from the Global Visualization (GloVis) web-based platform and analyzed using ERDAS Imagine 2014. Supervised classification of areas around the lake was performed into five land use land cover classes.

The results revealed significant changes in three land use types, namely Farmland and Grassland combined, Forest, Savanna, and Steppe combined, and Wetland. Farmland and Grassland combined increased from a mere 0.38% of the total study area in 1986 to 41.05% in 2013. At the same time, Forest, Savanna, and Steppe combined decreased from about 23% in 1986 to about 7.40% in 2013. This increase in farmlands and grasslands coverage and the concomitant decrease in trees and shrubs can be explained by the persistent pressures on land from increasing population and livestock in the area. The findings also show a major decline in Wetland, which decreased from about 14% of the total study area to 3% in the same time period. This loss in wetland coverage is regrettable because of the important environmental and ecological functions of wetlands.
The Relationship Between Interior Architecture and Music
Authors: Mohamed Essam Metwally
Published: September 2018

There is no doubt that there is a calculated relationship between architecture and music. If music is the translation of emotion, this emotion has been reflected in the architectural character and the arts of building and shaping its style. And the music of primitive tribes and barbaric peoples represented by the drums of homogeneous repetitions reflected on their buildings and primitive character or their huts identical and compact without compatibility or homogeneity. The rural music of each country, which is characterized by simple melodies and monotonous tones belonging to the living nature and sprouts from its land, we find a reflection of the buildings that are characterized by simplicity and calm and building materials derived from the surrounding nature.

The Harmonized melodies and the continuous repetition of original tones and their background can easily be read or heard on the facades of the Islamic style buildings in the continuous surface repetition of contracts and decorations

The change of the personality of Arab architecture from one country to another and the change of the form of contracts and domes, has found a similarity in the changing personality of contemporary music.

Every modern development in architecture and its character is recorded by the music and its character. The more the cultures of the peoples are merged, the more modern the modern architecture, which occupies its place in the different countries, resonates with contemporary world music and converges with the civil affinity and culture of the peoples.

"Architecture is music embodied in the place," says Hassan Fathi. "Music is an architecture embodied in time"

Studying the relationship between interior architecture and music enables us to "enjoy" it by using our senses to "see what we listen to" and "hear what we see" achieve greater levels of experience. I think this is what the "normal" people do, and they use their senses to live life differently than they did before.

Through practical experiments for students of Design 2, the music has been transformed into an interior design through the sensation, sensation and impression of the music in the same designer to translate these feelings into design forms and stereoscopic elements with materials, colors and reflections that express these feelings and the emotional state raised by this music.
De interactielogica van verzet: een dramaturgische analyse van escalatie tijdens een informatieavond
Authors: van Haperen Sander
Published: September 2018

The interaction of resistance: a dramaturgic analysis of escalation during an information evening

Theory about participation has long moved beyond merely informing citizens, arguing for more influential and effective instruments. Nevertheless, ‘inspraak’ remains widely implemented in Dutch practice, with mixed results. This article argues that the deliberative quality of the instrument is closely related to the performance of power. Dramaturgical concepts are employed to analyze resistance against the siting of a homeless facility in an Amsterdam neighborhood. One particular evening sets the stage for escalation, which ultimately frustrates the policy process. The analysis shows how the performance of the meeting invokes specific kinds of resistance. A different performance of ‘informing’ could potentially improve the quality of the public sphere.
De politiek van buy-to-let
Authors: Bosma Jelke , Hochstenbach Cody , Fernandez Rodrigo , Aalbers Manuel
Published: September 2018

The politics of buy-to-let

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.

Mounting concerns exist that small private investors exacerbate the urban housing crisis, by purchasing dwellings to rent out so-called ‘buy-to-let’ purchases. By buying up property, they may drive up house prices and exclude regular house-seekers. In this paper, we show that buy-to-let purchases constitute an increasing share of all purchases on the Dutch housing market, and especially so in larger cities and university cities. We argue these local trends do not emerge out of thin air and are not a ‘natural’ market process but should be considered the product of both global economic developments and national policies supporting these changes. Global developments include the increased mobility and ample availability of capital, exemplified by a prolonged low interest environment and a growing scarcity of high quality collateral and investment opportunities, making housing attractive for storing capital. Dutch housing policies have increasingly restricted access to social rent to low-income groups, while blowing up house prices fuelled with mortgage debts. As a consequence, a growing number of households falls in-between these two tenures: they have to resort to private rent. Private investors respond to and accommodate this demand through buy-to-let investments. Furthermore, the Dutch national government has made steps to relax regulation on the private-rental market and weakened tenant rights. In so doing, it sets the scene for amplifying social and spatial inequalities between the property rich and the property poor.
Opzegging van duurovereenkomsten en de redelijkheid en billijkheid
Authors: van Duijn-Koopman A. , van de Pas E.J.
Published: September 2018

Opzegging van duurovereenkomsten en de redelijkheid en billijkheid

Op 2 februari 2018 heeft de Hoge Raad een overzichtsarrest gewezen inzake de opzegbaarheid van duurovereenkomsten en de rol van de redelijkheid en billijkheid daarin.

De auteurs geven de diverse mogelijke scenario’s weer in een overzichtelijke matrix.

Zij gaan ook in op de wijze waarop de beëindigingsclausule in het onderhavige geval is geredigeerd en uitgelegd. De auteurs bespreken verder het onderscheid tussen duurovereenkomsten voor bepaalde en onbepaalde tijd en hybride varianten. Tot slot staan de auteurs stil bij de vraag of professionele partijen de (aanvullende en beperkende) rol van de redelijkheid en billijkheid kunnen wegcontracteren.
A modified approach for estimation of Passenger Car Units on intercity divided multilane highways
Authors: Srikanth Seelam , Mehar Arpan
Published: September 2018

The accuracy of measured traffic flow on a roadway is highly depends on correctness of PCUs used for converting traffic volume. Field data for the present study was collected from the mid-block road sections of different divided multilane highways in India. Video graphic method was used for collecting the field data. PCUs are estimated from the available methods as given in the literature by using traffic flow data observed in the field. Present study describes a modified methodology for estimation of PCU value of subject vehicles that includes the time headway as influencing parameter. The approach used in the present study is inspired from the method of dynamic PCU estimation where a PCU is expressed as the ratio of speed ratio and area ratio of standard cars to the subject vehicle type. Unlike dynamic PCU method, this method includes time headway factor for PCU estimation. The method found more realistic and logical as it provides relatively higher values of PCUs than those obtained from dynamic PCU method. Simulation of traffic flow was also performed through microscopic simulation model VISSIM for generating congestion and for comparing estimated PCU values at the level of maximum traffic volume. The methodology adopted in this study will be extended for development of comprehensive PCU model by including more numbers of influencing factors under varying traffic and roadway conditions.
Non-parametric machine learning methods for evaluating the effects of traffic accident duration on freeways
Authors: Lee Ying , Wei Chien-Hung , Chao Kai-Chon
Published: September 2018

Traffic accidents usually cause congestion and increase travel-times. The cost of extra travel time and fuel consumption due to congestion is huge. Traffic operators and drivers expect an accurately forecasted accident duration to reduce uncertainty and to enable the implementation of appropriate strategies. This study demonstrates two non-parametric machine learning methods, namely the k-nearest neighbour method and artificial neural network method, to construct accident duration prediction models. The factors influencing the occurrence of accidents are numerous and complex. To capture this phenomenon and improve the performance of accident duration prediction, the models incorporated various data including accident characteristics, traffic data, illumination, weather conditions, and road geometry characteristics. All raw data are collected from two public agencies and were integrated and cross-checked. Before model development, a correlation analysis was performed to reduce the scale of interrelated features or variables. Based on the performance comparison results, an artificial neural network model can provide good and reasonable prediction for accident duration with mean absolute percentage error values less than 30%, which are better than the prediction results of a k-nearest neighbour model. Based on comparison results for circumstances, the Model which incorporated significant variables and employed the ANN method can provide a more accurate prediction of accident duration when the circumstances involved the day time or drunk driving than those that involved night time and did not involve drunk driving. Empirical evaluation results reveal that significant variables possess a major influence on accident duration prediction.
Accountancy in Poland in the period of centrally planned economy. A few comments from experience
Authors: Fedak Zdzisław , Karmańska Anna
Published: September 2018

Accountancy in Poland in the period of centrally planned economy. A few comments from experience

This article presents comments on selected aspects of the accounting law applicable in Poland in the period of the centrally planned economy. They were made based on the interview with Mr. Zdzisław Fedak, PhD, a participant of the works on the systemic solutions in accountancy in the People’s Republic of Poland (PRL). He is currently trying to stimulate improvements in the Polish accountancy practice in the conditions of market economy. The basic reason for this publication is the need to fill the gap in the picture of the surroundings and unique characteristics of accountancy in Poland in the period of the nonmarket economy, while taking into account the expertise and experience of the people who knew well the reality of those times. This text is a part of the trend to document the history of accountancy by means of the research method known as oral history.
Lehte Alver, Jaan Alver, Integration of accounting functions globally
Authors: Thomsen Jeanette , Sundgaard Elin , Alver Lehte , Alver Jaan
Published: September 2018

This paper examines how Danish Headquarters (HQ) use different global integration modes to integrate one business function, i.e., the accounting function, of their Estonian subsidiaries. The study analyses the use of four specific integration modes: people, information, formalization, and centralization. 14 HQs in Denmark with corresponding Estonian subsidiaries were addressed with questionnaires eliciting their integration mode strate- gies. Prior to the HQ survey, the accounting functions in the corresponding subsidiaries had been interviewed regarding integration modes with the Danish HQ. The structure of accounting activities calls for the use of the formalization-based mode and the information-based mode, and therefore these modes were expected to be prevailing. The findings were consistent with our expectations, but also the centralization-based mode was extensively used. The people-based integration mode was not used extensively, but more than expected. Finally, coordination of the accounting function is not an emphasis of the HQ’s. Control but not coordination is in con- trast to earlier theory and findings on the relationships between HQs and their subsidiaries.
Ombudsman as a body protecting human rights
Authors: Tarnacka Agata
Published: September 2018

The paper begins with an outline of history of the institution of ombudsman and its place in the Polish legal system. The main body of the paper contains the description of the scope of activities of the Polish Ombudsman (in Polish nomenclature ‘the commissioner for the protection of civil rights’). The duties of the Ombudsman include: supporting individuals in their claims, filing petitions to the Constitutional Tribunal, public appearances, filing enquiries to the Supreme Court and to the Supreme Administrative Court. The institution of ombudsman is well grounded in the Polish legal system which fosters the efficacy of this post. Having in mind a big number of successful interventions of the Polish Ombudsmen, Polish organs creating and enforcing law are more vigilant and careful in their actions.
Animal Agency, Captivity, and Meaning
Authors: Delon Nicolas ,   The Harvard Review of Philosophy
Published: September 2018

Can animals be agents? Do they want to be free? Can they have meaningful lives? If so, should we change the way we treat them? This paper offers an account of animal agency and of two continuums: between human and nonhuman agency, and between wildness and captivity. It describes how human activities impede on animals’ freedom and argues that, in doing so, we deprive many animals of opportunities to exercise their agency in ways that can give meaning to their lives.
Padronização de fontes de nêutrons pelo método de ativação de um banho de sulfato de manganês
Authors: Schuch Luiz Alexandre , Reis Dagmar Carneiro da Cunha
Published: September 2018

Several Am-Be sources were calibrated using the manganese sulphate bath method. The sources were encapsulated in cilindrical recipients, and submerged in the center of spherical tanks with a concentra te solution of manganese sulphate in water. The measurements were made in a circulating bath using a 50 cm diameter tank and in a static bath using a 100 cm diameter tank. The neutron emmission rates were computed ~sing the measured gamma emmision rates, bath efficiency and the fraction of the total number of thermal neutrons absorbed by the manganese. Effects due to fast reactions with oxigen and sulfur, self-absorption and neutron leakage were also considered. The results obtained by the method are in good agreement with the values furnished by the manufacturer.
Estudo anatômico da madeira de Grapiapunha-do-banhado, Lonchocarpus nitidus (Vogel) Bentham
Authors: Marchiori José Newton Cardoso
Published: September 2018

The wood anatomy of Lonchocarpus nitidus (Vogel) Bentham (Leguminosae Faboideae) is described in its general, macroscopic and microscopic aspects. The anatomical structure is analysed, literature references concerning the botanical family and genus Lonchocarpus H.B.K. being used. Quantitative data as well as photomicrographs of the wood are also furnished. The species studied is anatomically distinguished from Lonchocarpus Leucanthus Burkart by characteristics of its axial parenchyma.
Nota sobre a ocorrência de vasos radiais em dupla conexão em Annona Glabra L. (Annonaceae)
Authors: Botosso Paulo Cesar
Published: September 2018

The presence of radial vessels in Annona qlabra L., establishing double connection oriented between two radially displaced axial vessel segments was evidenced
Estrutura fitossociológica de uma associação natural de parque Inhanduvá com quebracho e cina cina, no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Marchiori José Newton Cardoso , Longhi Solon J. , Galvão Luiz
Published: September 2018

The phytosociological structure of a park's natural vegetation located in the south-west of Rio Grande do Sul State, in a Quarai Chico River neighbouring area, and under ciliary forest influence, was studied. The vegetation is characterized by the existence of Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco Schlecht. (quebracho) and Parkineonia aculeata L. (cina-cina), as well as by the presence of numerous species of ciliary forest, associated with the three typical species of the Inhanduva Park. Since this is a rare association in Brazil and because it constitutes a very fragile ecosystem, we suggest its preservation.
Ciclo de desenvolvimento de Mirinaba antoninensis (Morretes,1952), (Gastropoda, Strophocheilidae) em viveiro
Authors: Indrusiak Leocadia Falkemberg
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a study about the life cycle, in vivarium, of Mirinaba antoninensis; it analyses data relative to time of laying, time of brood and duration of the young period of the animals, as much as about the influence of some ambiental factors on the reproduction.
Electrochemical evidence of the influence of light on the corrosion processes of low-carbon steel in diluted sulfuric acid
Authors: Gonçalves Reinaldo Simões , Costa Roni Fábio Dalla
Published: September 2018

Two different electrochemical methods confirm the influence of ligth on the anodic current values observad when low carbon steel electrodes were polarizad in deaerated 1.0 N H2SO4 solutions in the anodic potential range. The highest density values were obtained when the system is under illumination. The effect of natural illumination conditions on the weigh-loss experiments in aerated 1.0 N H2SO4, confirms that the corrosion rate is higher in an illuminated medium than in the dark.
A circulação atmosférica regional e os principais tipos de sucessão do tempo no inverno do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Sartori Maria Da Graça Barros
Published: September 2018

The mechanism of action of the extra-tropical and inter-tropical atmospheric systems during the winter in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, reflect the conditions of provisioning of polar air in the subantartic latitudes, the equilibrium of forces betwen the action centers, the efficiency of frontogenesis and the trajectories of polar fronts. From these factors of dinamic nature, appear combinations of types of wether grouped in three typical succesions models to the sul-rio-grandense winter. These models were obtained through the tecnique of rhythmic analysis and interpretation of sinothic maps and meteorological satellite images.
Espiritualidade: ferramenta de resiliência familiar no enfrentamento do diagnóstico de câncer na criança e adolescente
Authors: Gazzoni Cristal , Carretta Marisa Basegio
Published: September 2018

Este estudo tem por objetivo desvendar o significado da espiritualidade como ferramenta de resiliência após o diagnóstico de doença oncológica na família. Estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas cinco entrevistas com cuidadores familiares de criança e adolescente com diagnóstico de doença oncológica. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Como resultados, emergiram três categorias: Mudança no percurso da vida; Fé em Deus: Pensamento mágico para o enfrentamento do diagnóstico; e Significância da espiritualidade na vivência da doença. Concluiu-se que a espiritualidade é empregada pelos cuidadores familiares para enfrentamento da doença oncológica na criança ou adolescente, sendo entendida como uma necessidade humana que deve ser considerada pelas instituições e pelos profissionais de saúde, uma vez que o conforto espiritual leva a melhoria da qualidade de vida, aceitação da doença oncológica e alívio do sofrimento.
Método Pilates: Uma estratégia reabilitadora do estresse em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde
Authors: Balk Rodrigo De Souza , Holstein Juliana Martins , Lara Simone , Graup Susane
Published: September 2018

Introdução:  O estresse é uma reação inespecífica do corpo a qualquer demanda, interna ou externa, sendo uma parte normal do funcionamento do corpo. O interesse pelo seu estudo no trabalho se destacou nos últimos anos, principalmente no que se relaciona ao impacto negativo que pode proporcionar na saúde dos empregados e, consequentemente, no funcionamento das organizações. No caso dos agentes comunitários de saúde, considera-se que estes encontram-se em ambientes, condições e pressões maiores. Várias estratégias podem ser usadas para minimizar o estresse, entre elas a atividade física, como o método Pilates. Considerando a lacuna de trabalhos reportando os efeitos do método Pilates sobre o estresse, esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência desse método como estratégia de enfrentamento do estresse em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 6 Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, avaliados com o questionário de LIPP, Escala de Estresse no trabalho e Escala de Estresse percebido e submetidos a intervenção com o Método Pilates por 12 semanas para diminuição do estresse. Resultados: Houve uma diminuição dos níveis de estresse dos participantes, mais evidenciada pelo Questionário de LIPP. Conclusão: O Pilates se demonstrou eficiente na redução da sintomatologia do estresse, sendo recomendada a realização de novos estudos na área.
Contribuições das especialidades não-médicas na atenção básica: cuidado transdisciplinar em grupos de saúde
Authors: Miolo Silvana Basso , Schiavo Luciana Portella , Petermann Xavéle Braatz , Fedosse Elenir
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: apresentar e discutir a atuação multiprofissional de natureza transdisciplinar realizada por especialistas não-médicos, em um Grupo de Saúde, na AB, baseado em relatos dos participantes do grupo. Método: estudo descritivo e qualitativo; utilizou-se o grupo focal como técnica de pesquisa. Resultados: As atividades diminuíram a incontinência urinária e as dificuldades de deglutição, reduziram as dosagens de medicações e a demanda por consulta médica, aprimoraram a autoestima, a qualidade de vida e o impacto reabilitador em algumas Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis e transtornos osteomusculares. A atuação transdisciplinar em grupo, próxima do contexto de assistência e cuidado, proporcionou a eficácia da AB - reduzindo o número de encaminhamentos; o grupo favoreceu o fortalecimento de vínculos entre trabalhadores/usuários e, ainda, novas amizades entre os usuários. Conclusão: ação transdisciplinar grupal é importante dispositivo promotor de saúde; um relevante apoio aos cuidados primários de saúde.
Relações entre funcionalidade, estilo de vida e medo de cair em idosos longevos com e sem histórico de quedas
Authors: Santos Ranier Nogueira dos , Portes Leslie Andrews , Alfieri Fábio Marcon
Published: September 2018

Este estudo verificou a prevalência de quedas e estabeleceu relações entre medo de cair, funcionalidade e estilo de vida de idosos longevos com e sem histórico de quedas.  61 idosos (83,7±6,1 anos) responderam sobre: Estilo de vida FANTÁSTICO, medo de cair (FES) e funcionalidade das Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (AIVD). A prevalência de quedas foi de 34% e não houve diferença das variáveis entre os grupos. Os idosos possuem estilo de vida considerado “muito bom”, bom nível de desempenho de AIVDs e medo de cair compatível a quedas esporádicas. Houve forte correlação entre o estilo de vida e a AIVD, moderada entre FES e estilo de vida e FES e AIVD.  As correlações verificadas entre FES, estilo de vida e AIVD sugerem que o estilo de vida e a capacidade para realizar as atividades instrumentais da vida diária associam-se ao menor medo de cair.
Conhecimento dos cuidadores intradomiciliares de idosos com DM tipo 2 em insulinoterapia, na atenção primária
Authors: Almeida Denize Alves de , Santos Marcelo Soares dos , Rosa Walisete De Almeida Godinho , Zeferino Mariana Gondim Mariutti , Oliveira Iácara Santos Barbosa , Lenza Nariman De Felicio Bortucan
Published: September 2018

Identificar o conhecimento dos cuidadores intradomiciliares de idosos com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2, em insulinoterapia, na atenção primária. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado através de entrevista estruturada com 31 cuidadores. Resultados: A maioria conhece o significado de DM; consegue identificar quadro de hipo e hiperglicemia; realizam o teste de glicemia, mas desconhecem os valores adequados de glicemia em jejum e na técnica de preparo e aplicação da insulina apresentam algum tipo de deficiência. A minoria refere dúvidas sobre como cuidar dos idosos com DM tipo 2, mas apresentam dificuldades de lidar com quadro de hipo e hiperglicemia e apresentam dificuldades nos cuidados relacionados às feridas e alimentação. Conclusão: Há lacunas de conhecimento desses cuidadores, sendo importante que a equipe de enfermagem faça um trabalho de educação em saúde voltado para os cuidadores para que o cuidado no domicilio seja realizado de forma correta e com qualidade.
Efeitos do tratamento com glutamina via enteral em modelo animal de sepse
Authors: Sulzbacher Maicon Machado , Santos Analú Bender , Basso Renan Daniel Bueno , Hirsh Gabriela Elisa , Ludwig Mirna Stela , Heck Thiago Gomes
Published: September 2018

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o tratamento enteral com L-glutamina nos parâmetros clínicos em modelo experimental de sepse. Métodos: Foram utilizados 24 camundongos B6129SF2/J: Primeiramente, 11 camundongos foram divididos em três grupos para avaliar o modelo experimental que mimetize a fase hipodinâmica na sepse. Os animais receberam solução fisiológica ou solução fecal a 10% ou 20% (i.p.), sendo avaliados glicemia e temperatura corporal em 24h. Avaliamos o efeito do tratamento de L-glutamina por 48h na glicemia, temperatura retal, contagem de leucócitos e peso corporal em 13 animais nos grupos: Controle, Sepse, Glutamina e Sepse+Glutamina. Resultados: A solução fecal 20% induziu a sepse, evidenciando hipotermia, hipoglicemia e leucopenia. O tratamento com L-glutamina evitou a leucopenia. Conclusão: O tratamento com L-glutamina previne a leucopenia no modelo experimental de sepse, sem melhorar outros parâmetros clínicos. Sendo a resposta imune essencial na sepse, o uso de glutamina pode ser útil como terapia adjuvante na sepse.Palavras Chave: Sepse; Modelos Animais; Glutamina; Leucopenia.
Prevalência e conduta terapêutica de lesões pré-malignas de colo uterino em gestantes atendidas em hospital público do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Bernasconi Thissiane De Lima Gonçalves , Vendrame Silmara Ana , Kolling Konopka Cristine
Published: September 2018

O câncer de colo do útero está intimamente ligado com a presença do papilomavírus humano (HPV), o qual é responsável pelo surgimento de lesões pré-malignas de colo uterino. Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência de lesões pré-malignas em gestantes que realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), analisar o perfil das pacientes e avaliar o tratamento realizado por meio de análise dos prontuários impressos das pacientes armazenados no setor de arquivo do hospital, após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética. Com a coleta de dados, verificou-se que de 645 pacientes que realizaram o exame citopatológico, 1,08% apresentaram lesões pré-malignas, sendo 0,62 % casos de lesão escamosa intra-epitelial de baixo grau (LSIL) e 0,46 % de lesão escamosa intra-epitelial de alto grau (HSIL). Em sua grande maioria, as pacientes com LSIL e HSIL tiveram um acompanhamento adequado, onde a conduta terapêutica tomada foi satisfatória.
Análise farmacoterapêutica de pacientes atendidos pelo programa HIPERDIA
Authors: Azzolin Gabriela Bonfanti , Weischung Graziela Cavalheiro , Piovezan Andreia , Spagnol Marinara , Lima Caroline Plautz de , Deuschle Viviane Cecília Kessler Nunes , Sperotto Rita Leal , Bortolotto Josiane Woutheres
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Esse estudo objetivou verificar a ocorrência de Problemas Relacionados aos Medicamentos (PRMs) em pacientes atendidos pelo programa Hiperdia. Métodos: Foram selecionados pacientes diabéticos e/ou hipertensos e a avaliação da farmacoterapia foi realizada através do Método Dáder, seguida da identificação e classificação dos PRMs. Resultados: Dentre os 33 pacientes, 9 pertenciam ao sexo masculino e 24 ao sexo feminino, com idade média de 65,82 ≤ 10,7 anos. 18 pacientes eram apenas hipertensos, 1 pacientes era apenas diabéticos e 14 pacientes apresentavam as duas patologias em associação. O número médio de medicamentos utilizados foi 5,52 ≤ 2,14, o número de PRMs encontrados foi 34, distribuídos entre 75,75% (n=25) dos pacientes, dentre os quais 58,82% e 32,35% foram relacionados com insegurança (PRM5) e inefetividade (PRM3), respectivamente. Conclusão: Tais dados demonstram que os pacientes cadastrados no grupo Hiperdia necessitam de uma Atenção Farmacêutica eficaz para a prevenção e resolução de PRMs e consequente uso racional de medicamentos.
Perfil epidemiológico e terapêutico de pacientes com criptococose atendidos em hospital escola de Santa Maria/RS
Authors: Ianiski Lara B , Azevedo Maria Isabel , Weiblen Carla , Stibbe Paula Cristina , Tondolo Juliana S M , Botton Sônia De Avila
Published: September 2018

Criptococose é uma doença fúngica causada por leveduras do complexo Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii. A infecção geralmente ocorre através da inalação dos basidiósporos do fungo presente no ambiente. Casos graves ocorrem devido à infecção do sistema nervoso central. A enfermidade possui distribuição mundial, associada principalmente aos indivíduos imunocomprometidos, portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Este estudo objetivou verificar o perfil epidemiológico e os protocolos terapêuticos dos pacientes diagnosticados com criptococose no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS), no período de março de 2010 a março de 2017. Avaliaram-se 46 prontuários clínicos, sendo que o perfil dos pacientes observados foi predominantemente do sexo masculino, etnia branca, faixa etária de 31 a 50 anos, portadores de HIV, apresentando taxa de células CD4+<100 células/µL e com forma clínica prevalente, a neurocriptococose. A associação de anfotericina B e fluconazol foi o protocolo terapêutico adotado na maioria dos pacientes estudados.
Legislação brasileira sobre o patrimônio genético e o conhecimento tradicional associado: muitas dúvidas para os pesquisadores de todas as áreas
Authors: Horner Andreas , Aguiar Ribeiro Tiango , Horner Rosmari
Published: September 2018

Legislação brasileira sobre o patrimônio genético e o conhecimento tradicional associado: muitas dúvidas para os pesquisadores de todas as áreas Brazilian legislation on genetic heritage and associated traditional knowledge: many doubts for researchers from all areas           A nova lei 13.123, de 20 de maio de 20151 e seu decreto regulador ( 8772 de 11 de maio de 20162), que dispõe sobre o acesso ao patrimônio genético (PT) da biodiversidade brasileira,  proteção e  acesso ao conhecimento tradicional associado (CTA) dos povos indígenas, comunidades tradicionais e agricultura familiar, da remessa e envio para o exterior de amostras do patrimônio genético e da exploração econômica do produto acabado ou material reprodutivo, conforme análise realizada por especialistas em direito, fere a Convenção Americana de Direitos Hu­manos, do Protocolo de San Salvador e esta­belece um grave quadro de perda de direitos dos conhecimentos tradicionais associados, não admissível em Estado Democrático de Direito, o qual ruma a favor da progressão das medidas à respeito dos direitos humanos3. Mais grave ainda, é que a men­cionada legislação, que entrará em vigor em novembro de 2018, fere diretamente grupos vulneráveis, aos quais deveria ser dedicada especial proteção3. Somado a isso, está previsto um colapso burocrático na pesquisa, tanto a básica quanto a aplicada, e as que envolvem cooperação internacional, uma vez que torna obrigatório o registro anterior ao seu início, no sistema nacional de gestão do patrimônio genético e do conhecimento tradicional associado (SisGen). Prevê-se que, laboratórios de pesquisa que utilizam coleções biológicas (fungos, bactérias, etc.) deixarão de funcionar pela falta de acesso a cooperação internacional, aliada ao alto custo4.
Alejandro de Humboldt y Andrés Manuel del Río. Encuentros y Desencuentros en la ciencia de la nueva España = Alexander von Humboldt and Andrés Manuel del Río. Agreements and Disagreements on Nueva España Region’s Science
Authors: Nieto Codina Aurelio
Published: September 2018

Historia de la Geografía española
Reseña de: Azcárate Luxán, Blanca y Fernández Fernández, Antonio, Geografía de los paisajes culturales,
Authors: De Lázaro Torres Mª Luisa
Published: September 2018

Reseña de: Azcárate Luxán, Blanca y Fernández Fernández, Antonio, Geografía de los paisajes culturales, editorial UNED, 2017, 404 págs., ISBN: 978-84-362-7197-3.
Reseña de: López-Davalillo Larrea, Julio (coord.), Geografía de los paisajes de España
Authors: De Lázaro Torres Mª Luisa
Published: September 2018

López-Davalillo Larrea, Julio (coord.), Geografía de los paisajes de España. Madrid, 2014, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 349 pp. ISBN 978-84-362-6704-4.
Enhancing Visibility of Vendor Accessibility Documentation
Authors: Willis Samuel Kent , O'Reilly Faye
Published: September 2018

With higher education increasingly being online or having online components, it is important to ensure that online materials are accessible for persons with print and other disabilities. Library-related research has focused on the need for academic libraries to have accessible websites, in part to reach patrons who are participating in distance-education programs. A key component of a library’s website, however, is the materials it avails to patrons through vendor platforms outside the direct control of the library, making it more involved to address accessibility concerns. Librarians must communicate the need for accessible digital files to vendors so they will prioritize it. In much the same way as contracted workers constructing a physical space for a federal or federally funded agency must follow ADA standards for accessibility, so software vendors should be required to design virtual spaces to be accessible. A main objective of this study was to determine a method of increasing the visibility of vendor accessibility documentation for the benefit of our users. It is important that we, as service providers for the public good, act as a bridge between vendors and the patrons we serve.
Library Space Information Model Based on GIS — A Case Study of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Authors: Shen Yaqi
Published: September 2018

In this paper, a library-space information model (LSIM) based on a geographical information system (GIS) was built to visually show the bookshelf location of each book through the display interface of various terminals. Taking Shanghai Jiao Tong University library as an example, both spatial information and attribute information were integrated into the model. In the spatial information, the reading room layout, bookshelves, reference desks, and so on were constructed with different attributes. The bookshelf layer was the key attribute of the bookshelves, and each book was linked to one bookshelf layer. Through the field of bookshelf layer, the book in the query system can be connected with the bookshelf-layer information of the LSIM. With the help of this model, readers can search books visually in the query system and find the books’ positions accurately. It can also be used in the inquiry of special-collection resources. Additionally, librarians can use this model to analyze books’ circulation status, and books with similar subjects that are frequently circulated can be recommended to readers. The library’s permanent assets (chairs, tables, etc.) could be managed visually in the model. This paper used GIS as a tool to solve the problem of accurate positioning, simultaneously providing better services for readers and realizing visual management of books for librarians.
Letter from the Editor (September 2018)
Authors: Varnum Kenneth J.
Published: September 2018

This September 2018 issue of ITAL continues our celebration of the journal’s 50thanniversary with a column by former Editorial Board member Mark Dehmlow, who highlights the technological changes beginning to stir the library world in the 1980s. The seeds of change planted in the 1970s are germinating, but the explosive growth of the 1990s is still a few years away.
The Cybernetic Layer of Juri Lotman’s Metalanguage
Authors: Salupere Silvi
Published: September 2018

Most accounts of Juri Lotman’s legacy note his interest in information theory and cybernetics which is closely tied to his desire to use exact methods in the humanities. However, this connection itself has hardly been studied. This article focuses on a pair of terms with cybernetic origins found throughout Lotman’s works : “mechanism” and “ustrojstvo”. I try to show that these terms and the way they are used are not accidental but belong to an important strand in Lotman’s thought. An overview is presented of Lotman’s direct contacts with cybernetics and cyberneticians, and how the terms “ustrojstvo” and “mechanism” found their way into his metalanguage. The main focus is on exploring how Lotman understands this pair of terms. Translation problems related to them are also discussed.
Life and Forms. The sociological Meaning of a Metaphor
Authors: Fitzi Gregor , Mele Vincenzo , Magatti Mauro
Published: September 2018

Simmel’s work has often been interpreted as a succession of disparate phases of development following contradictory epistemological paradigms and intellectual stances. By analysing the ‘money or life metaphor’ Hans Blumenberg delivered the paradigmatic assessment for the consistency of Simmel’s philosophical work. The present paper critically extends this approach in order to understand the meaning of Simmel’s life and forms paradigm and shows that its preeminent theoretical contribution concerns sociological theory. From the analysis emerges that Simmel’s delivers a consistent alternative to Parson’s conception of functional differentiation in form of a theory of qualitative societal differentiation. In this frame, Simmel’s critical adoption and transformation of Marx’ theory of societal conflict allows for the foundation of an open-end theory of the development of modernity in the different domains of culture.
Study of the contribution of sustainability indicators to the development of sustainable coastal zones - a systems approach
Authors: Uehara Takuro , Hidaka Takeshi
Published: September 2018

Sustainability indicators are an important management tool used to realize and sustain the desired state of coastal zones. They simplify, quantify, analyze, and communicate the complexity of coastal zones. However, because of such simplification, indicator selection needs to consider two primary issues, namely, the causal relationships between indicators and other components of the coastal zones as a complex social-ecological system, and the contribution of the selected indicators to management goals (e.g., sustainable coastal zones). Since the root cause of these issues is the “systemness” of coastal zones, which is difficult to capture with indicators, this study applied Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD) as a type of systems approach as a solution; As a case study, the sustainability indicators set in the action plan for Omura Bay, Western Japan, were translated into a CLD. The plan was aimed at realizing and sustaining “Satoumi,” a Japanese concept of desirable socio-ecological production landscapes. This study showed that the CLD 1) helped indicator selection by assessing current indicators and identifying those missing with regards to their contributions to Satoumi, and 2) identified research priorities to verify hypothetical relationships that lack hard data.
Flexible and Thermally Stable Optical Polarizers Based on Highly Aligned Carbon Nanotube Sheets for the Visible Spectral Range
Authors: Jung Moonyoung , Noh Youngji , Suh Dongseok , Ahn Seung‐Eon
Published: September 2018

Development of new types of optical components applicable to flexible and stretched substrates is essential for designing innovative display platforms for wearable and outdoor applications. Here, a novel polarizer based on highly aligned macroscopic carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets with flexibility, thermal stability, high polarization efficiency, and high transmittance is introduced. Since the conductive multiwalled CNTs are essentially held together by van der Waals forces, wire‐grid‐type polarizers of well‐aligned conductive CNTs in one direction can be developed without complex and difficult manufacturing processes. The CNT sheet exhibits uniform polarization efficiency in the visible light region and maintains its polarization characteristics without physical deformation even at temperatures greater than 100 °C. Moreover, the transmission according to the angle formed by two CNT sheets follows the Malus law, similar to a typical polarizer. Finally, the applicability of the CNT sheet polarizer on a commercial liquid crystal displays monitor is demonstrated.
Glass‐Channel Molding Assisted 3D Printing of Metallic Microstructures Enabled by Femtosecond Laser Internal Processing and Microfluidic Electroless Plating
Authors: Xu Jian , Li Xiaolong , Zhong Yi , Qi Jia , Wang Zhenhua , Chai Zhifang , Li Wenwu , Jing Chengbin , Cheng Ya
Published: September 2018

3D printing of metallic microstructures is highly desirable for many practical applications such as microelectronics, terahertz photonics, microelectromechanical systems, and electrochemisty. Unfortunately, high resolution microprinting of 3D metal structures with widely tunable feature sizes, high conductivities, high melting points, and highly smooth surfaces remains challenging for current microfabrication technologies. Herein, 3D printing of metallic microstructures of feature sizes ranging from ≈10 to ≈200 μm by combining femtosecond laser micromachining of 3D glass microchannels and microfluidic electroless plating is demonstrated. The proposed technique allows for producing 3D metallic structures of almost arbitrary geometries embedded in glass since the continuous flow of the plating solution enables controllable deposition of metal films inside the through microchannels. Moreover, freestanding metallic 3D microstructures are fabricated by removing the glass matrix with a wet chemical etching. As a nonthermal processing, the surface roughness of the fabricated metallic structures is as low as ≈20 nm. The 3D microstructures can be made of either silver or copper covered with a thin layer of silver, which are shown to have a high conductivity. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a 3D metal scaffold structure with a size of ≈5 × 5 × 2 mm3 is printed.