ЗМІНИ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ ПІДХОДІВ КОМАНДНОГО СКЛАДУ ВІЙСЬК НАТО СПРИЧИНЕНІ РОЗШИРЕННЯМ АЛЬЯНСУ У XXI СТОЛІТТІ: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Кузмінський Анатолій , Луценко Григорій 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Modern global social challenges and threats, such as the destruction of the post-war security system, local wars, banditry, and terrorism, significantly affect independent state formation and a self-sufficient civil society. Military education plays an important role in preparing new generations of military personnel for these challenges. These threats are distinguished by their scale, planning, audacity, and cruelty, requiring future officers to have a high level of professional training and innovative thinking. Terrorism occupies a special, shameful place among these threats, as it always involves violence and large casualties among the civilian population. Military education should prepare future officers to effectively counter terrorism, including prevention strategies, operational actions, and coordination with international partners. Terrorist attacks destroy spiritual, material, cultural, and religious values, contributing to hatred, distrust, and conflicts between socio-political, national, and religious groups.
Military educational institutions should consider these factors in preparing future military leaders, giving them the knowledge and skills to respond effectively to new threats.
In general, modern global challenges require new approaches in military education, ensuring stability, security and prosperity for all citizens. It is important to develop effective strategies and solutions to overcome these challenges, preparing future officers to fulfill their duties in conditions of increasing threats.
The purpose of our study is to conduct a retrospective analysis of changes in the management approaches of NATO command staff, caused by the expansion of the alliance and attempts to change the world order as a result of russia's hybrid wars in the first quarter of the 21st century.
Results. To cope with the security changes that occurred in the last years of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, NATO underwent transformation processes, replacing old notions with broader security concepts. In this context, it can be considered that it showed a great and creative capacity for transformation after the Cold War, since the introduction of the concept of civilian crisis management met the criteria of responding to needs, as well as creating the conditions for its own survival.
The strategic concepts developed by the Alliance were intended to respond to changes in the security environment. However, despite the adoption of decisions at Alliance summits, they have repeatedly become the object of criticism due to new unforeseen changes.
The transformations initiated at the end of the Cold War initiated the Alliance’s approach to a more comprehensive security logic. Whereas it had previously been defensive and reactive towards a clearly defined adversary, after the Cold War and the London Declaration of 1990 its position as a guarantor of security and stability in Europe became more active.
The transformation of the Alliance in the last decade of the 20th century reflects its response to changes at the international level, such as the Balkans, the attacks of September 11, 2001, and the intervention in Afghanistan. Thus, the transformation of the Alliance during this period was characterized by an open-door policy and its enlargement, the development of partnerships with other states, and a focus on developing capabilities in the context of crisis management.
Conclusion. While remaining the main guarantor of global security, NATO emphasizes the importance of the topic of crisis management in the three Strategic Concepts analyzed, especially in the current Concept, which formalizes a wide range of civilian and military capabilities. In the conceptual context of the New Modern Global Order, the Alliance has created a base of support and legitimacy that prepares it for possible intervention at all stages of a crisis. This wide range of capabilities includes civilian services for anti-crisis management. In line with the Alliance's interests in future missions, NATO's capabilities and scope of action are being strengthened, at least formally. It remains to be seen whether the political will will overcome the recurring "selective immobility" in the face of the concrete reality and demands of new challenges and threats.