bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compressive Creep Test on Ultra-High Performance Concrete: Effects of Strain Measuring Method, Specimen Size, Sustained Load Intensity, and Fiber Length
Authors: Park Hyun-Myo , Ryu Seung-Ryong , Kwon Oh Kyun , Yang and Jun-Mo
Published: June 2024

Recently, research on ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with the characteristics of ultra-high strength, high toughness, and high durability has been actively conducted from materials to actual structural applications. However, research on experimental methods that reflect the unique characteristics of UHPC, which are different from those of normal concrete, is insufficient. To solve the difficulties in applying the compressive creep test method for normal concrete to UHPC and to verify the validity of the recently proposed ASTM C 1856 standard test method, this study performed compressive creep tests on UHPC with variables of specimen size, sustained load intensity, fiber length, and strain measuring method. Two types of cylindrical specimens of ϕ100 × 200 mm and ϕ75 × 150 mm were used for a specimen size variable. The sustained load intensities of 10% to 40% based on the specified compressive strength of 150 MPa were applied. Two types of steel fiber lengths of 13 mm and 19.5 mm in the UHPC mix were used as a variable, and three strain measuring methods of the embedded strain gauge method, the attached strain gauge method, and the strain meter with stud measured the change in length of the UHPC specimens. The experimental results showed that the strain meter method using the standard rod had limitations due to the error in the verification process using the standard rod and the observation error of the measurer, and the sustained load intensity is preferable to 15% to 40% of the actual compressive strength. It was found that it is possible to perform a compressive creep test for UHPC using a specimen with a size of ϕ75 mm or more, and the fiber length did not affect the creep behavior of UHPC up to 19.5 mm. As a result of comparing the UHPC creep test results with the creep prediction model, the B3 model was found to most accurately predict the UHPC creep behavior. The creep coefficient pattern of the B3 model was very similar to the measured results, and well reflected the effects of the mixing ratio and compressive strength of UHPC.
Proteomic Characterization of a Lunasin-Enriched Soybean Extract Potentially Useful in the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Franca-Oliveira Giselle , Monreal Peinado Sara , Alves de Souza Stephanny Miranda , Kalume Dario Eluan , Ferraz de Souza Theo Luiz , Hernández-Ledesma Blanca , Martinez-Rodriguez Adolfo J.
Published: June 2024

Helicobacter pylori infection affects over 50% of the world population and leads to chronic inflammation and gastric disorders, being the main pathogen correlated to gastric cancer development. The increasing on antibiotic resistance levels is a major global concern and alternative treatments are needed. Soybean peptides and other compounds might be an alternative in the treatment to avoid, eradicate and/or control symptoms of H. pylori infection. This study aimed to characterize a lunasin-enriched soybean extract (LSE) by proteomics tools and to evaluate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties against H. pylori infection. By LC-MS/MS analysis, 124 proteins were identified, with the 2S albumin (lunasin and large chain subunits) being the fourth most abundant protein (8.9%). Lunasin consisted of 44 amino acid residues and an intramolecular disulfide bond. LSE at a low dose (0.0625 mg/mL) reduced ROS production in both H. pylori-infected and non-infected AGS gastric cells. This led to a significant reduction of 6.71% in the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-8. LSE also showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori which can be attributed to other soybean proteins and phenolic compounds. Our findings suggest that LSE might be a promising alternative in the management of H. pylori infection and associated symptoms.
Learning English with Islamic Song
Authors:   Universitas Muhamdiyah Sidoarjo, Megawati Fika , Agustina Sheila , Wulandari Fitria
Published: June 2024

Welcome to a unique and enriching journey of learning English through the soulful melodies and profound lyrics of Islamic songs. This module is a celebration of both language and spirituality, offering a harmonious blend of linguistic exploration and cultural immersion. Why Islamic songs, you may wonder? Well, beyond their melodic beauty, these songs serve as reservoirs of linguistic richness, offering a treasure trove of vocabulary, grammar, and expressions for English language learners. By delving into the lyrical intricacies of these compositions, learners are not only exposed to the nuances of the English language but also gain insights into Islamic culture, values, and traditions.This module is designed to cater to learners of all backgrounds and proficiency levels, providing a nurturing environment for language acquisition while fostering a deeper understanding of Islamic spirituality. Whether you’re a beginner navigating the intricacies of grammar or an advanced learner seeking linguistic refinement, each lesson is crafted to inspire and empower you on your language learning journey. Moreover, by engaging with Islamic songs, learners are invited to embark on a journey of self-reflection, introspection, and spiritual growth. Beyond the mere acquisition of language skills, this module offers an opportunity to cultivate empathy, tolerance, and appreciation for diverse cultures and beliefs. As you embark on this profound exploration of language and spirituality, may the melodies guide you, the lyrics inspire you, and the wisdom of Islamic teachings illuminate your path. So, with hearts open and minds receptive, let us embark on this transformative journey of learning English through Islamic song.
Transforming Rural Governance through Enhanced Communication Strategies for Global Impact
Authors: Sindiana Dina Ayu , Rodiyah Isnaini
Published: June 2024

This study explores the implementation challenges of a Website-Based Village Information System in Dukuhsari Village Government, focusing on communication, resource allocation, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Through qualitative methods including interviews and observation, the study reveals gaps in communication and resource management, impacting the system's effectiveness. The findings emphasize the need for improved communication strategies, consistent training, and ongoing support to optimize the system's utility and enhance public service delivery in Dukuhsari Village.
 
Highlight: 

Challenges in Village Information System Implementation: Communication and resource allocation.
Improving System Efficiency: Enhanced communication strategies and consistent training.
Impact on Governance: Transparency and accessibility in rural service delivery.

 
Keyword:  Village Information System, Implementation Challenges, Communication, Resource Allocation, Public Service Delivery
A Simulator Based on Coupling of Reaction Transport Model and Multiphase Hydrate Simulator and Its Application to Studies of Methane Transportation in Marine Sediments
Authors: Liu Haotian , Zhang Jiecheng , Lu Hailong
Published: June 2024

Methane emissions at seafloor are generally associated with the upward methane migration from the deeper sediments, partly from hydrate dissociation. The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) occurring in the surface sediments acts as an important barrier to methane emissions, caused by the reaction between sulfate ions and dissolved methane molecules. However, the current hydrate simulators rarely consider the transport of sulfate and the subsequent AOM reaction. In this study, to investigate AOM effects in hydrate systems, a new simulator named Tough+Hydrate+AOM (THA) is developed by combining the reaction transport model (RTM) with the widely used Tough+Hydrate (T+H) simulator. The THA simulator is validated using the single-phase cases of the Dvurechenskii mud volcano in Black Sea since the results obtained are in good agreement with previous ones. This simulator is then applied to investigate the response of a hydrate reservoir offshore West Svalbard to seasonal seafloor temperature change and also to confirm its adaptability in multiphase hydrate systems. The results obtained suggest that the AOM filter efficiency is as low as 5%, meaning that the majority of methane released from hydrate dissociation in the deeper sediments will escape into the ocean. The THA simulator considering AOM is expected to be an important tool for assessing methane emissions caused by hydrate destabilization.
UBXN9 governs GLUT4-mediated spatial confinement of RIG-I-like receptors and signaling
Authors: Wang Penghua , Harrison Andrew , Yang Duomeng , Cahoon Jason , Geng Tingting , Cao Ziming , Karginov Timofey , Chiari Conner , Li Xin , Qyang Yibing , Vella Anthony , Fan Zhichao , Vanaja Sivapriya Kailasan , Rathinam Vijay , Witczak Carol , Bogan Jonathan
Published: June 2024

The cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) recognize viral RNA and initiate innate antiviral immunity. RLR signaling also triggers glycolytic reprogramming through glucose transporters (GLUTs), whose role in antiviral immunity is elusive. Here, we unveil that insulin-responsive GLUT4 inhibits RLR signaling independently of glucose uptake in adipose and muscle tissues. At steady state, GLUT4 is docked at the Golgi matrix by ubiquitin regulatory X domain 9 (UBXN9, TUG). Following RNA virus infection, GLUT4 is released and translocated to the cell surface where it spatially segregates a significant pool of cytosolic RLRs, preventing them from activating IFN-β responses. UBXN9 deletion prompts constitutive GLUT4 trafficking, sequestration of RLRs, and attenuation of antiviral immunity, whereas GLUT4 deletion heightens RLR signaling. Notably, reduced GLUT4 expression is uniquely associated with human inflammatory myopathies characterized by hyperactive interferon responses. Overall, our results demonstrate a noncanonical UBXN9-GLUT4 axis that controls antiviral immunity via plasma membrane tethering of cytosolic RLRs.
ExGRS: exome-wide genetic risk score to predict high myopia across multi-ancestry populations
Authors: Su Jianzhong , Yuan Jian , Qiu Ruowen , Wang Yuhan , Chen Zhen Ji , Sun Haojun , Dai Wei , Yao Yinghao , Zhuo Ran , Li Kai , Xing Shilai , Yu Xiaoguang , Qiao Liya , Qu Jia
Published: June 2024

High myopia (HM), characterized by severe myopic refractive error, stands as a leading cause to visual impairment and blindness globally. HM is a multifactorial ocular disease and presents high heterogeneity in genetics. Employing a genetic risk score (GRS) is useful for capturing genetic susceptibility to HM. Incorporating rare variations into GRS assessment, though presents methodological challenges, yields significant benefits. This study enrolled two independent cohorts: 12,000 unrelated individuals of Han Chinese ancestry from Myopia Associated Genetics and Intervention Consortium (MAGIC) and 8,682 individuals of European ancestry from UK Biobank (UKB). Using whole-exome sequencing (WES) data, we first estimated the heritability of HM resulting in 0.53 (standard error, 0.06) in the MAGIC cohort and 0.21 (standard error, 0.10) in the UKB cohort. In the MAGIC cohort, rare variants in low linkage disequilibrium (LD) with neighboring variants were enriched for heritability, particularly for rare deleterious protein-altering variants. Thus, we generated, optimized and validated an exome-wide genetic risk score (ExGRS) for HM prediction by combining rare risk genotypes with common variant GRS (cvGRS). ExGRS improved the AUC from 0.819 (cvGRS) to 0.856 for HM. Individuals with a top 5% ExGRS conffered a 15.57-times (95%CI, 5.70 - 59.48) higher risk for developing HM compared to the remaining 95% of individuals in MAGIC cohort and 2.03 times (95%CI, 1.65-2.49) higher risk in UKB. Our study implies that rare variants are a major source of the missing heritability of HM in Han Chinese ancestry. And ExGRS provides an enhanced accuracy for HM prediction, shedding new light on research and clinical practice.
The Effect of Artificial Oocyte Activation on Embryomorphokinetic Parameters and Blastulation Time
Authors: Gode Funda , Pala İbrahim , Tamer Burcu , Işık Ahmet Zeki
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Does artificial oocyte activation (AOA) with calcium ionophore (Cai) application affect embryomorphokinetic parameters and clinical pregnancy outcomes?
Methods
This retrospective cohort study investigated if AOA with Cai affects the embryomorphokinetic parameters and clinical pregnancy outcomes of 413 patients. A total of 225 patients underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) + AOA and 187 patients underwent only ICSI at Izmir University of Economics between 2018–2020.
Results
There were no significant differences between groups in terms of baseline parameters. When the duration from 2PN to tb (time to blastulation) was examined, t2, t3, t4, or t5 times were not significantly different between the groups that received and did not receive AOA treatment. Ca ionophore application was found to extend cavitation time and tb (p < 0.05). Optimal time lapse parameters (t5, cc2, S2 and t5-t2) also did not differ between two groups. There were no significant differences between groups according to embryo grades which were determined by optimal time lapse parameters. According to the fertilization and pregnancy results, no significant differences were found between the two groups.
Conclusions
Ca ionophore application does not seem to affect most of the embryomorphokinetic parameters except blastulation time. The clinical importance of this finding needs further research.
Factors Shaping Public Support for More Carbon Capture and Storage Projects in the United States
Authors: Fikru Mahelet G. , Nguyen Nhien
Published: June 2024

This study contributes to the literature examining public acceptance of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in the US. The examination of factors that shape public support for CCS projects provides policymakers with insights to address public concerns, balance CCS development with public sentiments, and make informed decisions about optimal locations and timing. Based on a nationally representative survey on 1,850 respondents, the study finds that in the US, there is very low familiarity (6.4%) regarding CCS technology and some limited opposition (11.5%) to increased CCS development. Regression results suggest that support for increased CCS projects in the US is influenced by perceptions of technical and social risks (leakage and community danger, respectively) but not cost of living risks, perceptions of environmental and economic benefits, familiarity with the technology, confidence in government regulations, and a desire for the US to lead in CCS. We fail to find the ‘Not-in-My-Backyard’ effect, and individuals supporting the development of more CCS in their states also support it at a national level. Understanding these factors helps policymakers anticipate challenges in implementing CCS initiatives and allows for the development of strategies to address concerns.
Acaricides in Agriculture: Balancing Livestock Health and Environmental Well-being in Tans- Nzoia County, Kenya.
Authors: Sifuna Douglas Bukhebi , Pembere Anthony , Lagat Silas , Barasa Godfrey , Manda Timothy , Ngeno Emily , Ssebugere Patrick , Nagawa Christine Betty , Kyarimpa Christine , Omwoma Solomon
Published: June 2024

Extensive use of chemicals in food production, although useful, has serious implications. Acaricides, which are extensively used to control ticks and mites in livestock farming, can leave harmful residues that pose risks to unintended organisms such as plants, insects, people, and other animals. Thus, limiting non-target exposure to acaricides is critical. The purpose of this study was to assess acaricide knowledge, use, and disposal methods among farmers and agrochemical dealers in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya, which is well-known for livestock farming. A purposive survey of stakeholders, including 100 farmers and 45 agrochemical shop attendants, revealed concerning practices. The findings revealed insufficient personal protection during acaricide application, with a minority of responders using gloves (33%,), safety goggles (0%), masks (42%), or overalls (51%) for agrochemical dealers and gloves (8%), overalls (48%), safety goggles (2%), and masks (28%) for farmers. Furthermore, used acaricide containers and residues were not properly disposed of after spraying, potentially contaminating water sources, soil, and plants. Insects, particularly bees and house flies, were spotted consuming leftovers from unprotected disposal sites and thereby entering food webs. Furthermore, animal drying sections in spraying regions included grass, giving animals the opportunity to ingest residues. Recommendations include improved acaricide monitoring and management by extension field staff, as well as educating farmers and pesticide dealers about health concerns, proper disposal techniques, and the importance of wearing personal protective equipment. To effectively limit dangers, a regulation requiring agrochemical dealers to sell acaricides together with protective gear is recommended.
Phase and Amplitude Simultaneously Coding Metasurface with Multi-frequency and Multifunctional Electromagnetic Modulations
Authors: Cai Chengxin , Li Yinfei , Li Mingxing , Qin Yao , Zhou Yangyang
Published: June 2024

The integration of multiple functionalities into a single, planar, ultra-compact metasurface has presented significant opportunities for enhancing capacity and performance within compact 5G/6G communication systems. Recent advances in multifunctional metasurfaces have unveiled comprehensive wavefront manipulations utilizing phase, polarization transmission/reflection, and coding apertures. Despite these developments, there remains a critical need for multifunctional metasurfaces with expanded channel capabilities, including multiple operational frequencies, minimal crosstalk, and high-efficiency computable array factors. This study introduces a multifunctional metasurface that integrates phase- and amplitude simultaneous coding meta-atoms at dual frequencies. By altering the polarization of electromagnetic (EM) waves, it is possible to reshape the wave-fronts of reflected waves at these frequencies. The coding metasurface proficiently manipulates both x and y linearly polarized waves through phase and amplitude coding at dual frequencies, thereby enabling distinct functionalities such as anomalous reflection, reflection imaging, and vortex wave beam generation. Both theoretical analysis and full-wave simulation confirm the anticipated functionalities of the designed devices, paving the way for advancements in integrated communication systems with diverse functionalities.
The intrinsic association between somatic symptoms and psychiatric symptoms among Chinese COVID-19 inpatients: A network analysis
Authors: Gao Xing , Ren Lei , Yang Mengyuan , Chang Lingdi , Zhang Jinliang , Yu Yongcai , Zhang Chao , Meng Xiangliang , Huang Xunmei , Li Sikai , Shi Zhaokun , Xu Jing , Qin Weijun , Zhang Keying , Cheng Rui
Published: June 2024

Background
COVID-19 stands as the most impactful global public health event in the 21st century, affecting both physical and mental well-being. However, the connection between various somatic and psychiatric symptoms remains unclear. The purpose of the survey is to investigate the relationship between somatic and psychiatric symptoms.
Methods
The study involved 534 Chinese hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Self-evaluation of somatic symptoms in COVID-19 inpatients, patient health questionnaire-9, insomnia severity index, and the PTSD checklist-civilian version were used to quantify the levels of somatic, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively. The network analysis method by the R program was used to judge the bridge symptoms and the network differences by gender.
Results
In this survey, the depression-somatic symptom network revealed seven robust edges, including “Anosmia”-“Ageusia”, “Headache”-“Muscle pain”, “Stuffy nose”-“Cough”, “Cough”-“Anhedonia”, “Cough” - “Sleep”, “Cough”-“Fatigue”, and “Muscle pain”-“Fatigue”. The insomnia-somatic symptom network highlighted five robust edges, including “Sleep onset”-“Maintenance”, “Noticeability”-“Distress”, “Ageusia”-“Anosmia”, “Headache”-“Muscle pain”, and “Stuffy nose”-“Cough”. The PTSD-somatic symptom network featured five prominent edges, including “Ageusia”-“Anosmia”, “Headache”-“Muscle pain”, “Reminders avoidance”-“Thoughts avoidance”, “Hypervigilance”-“Startle”, and “Stuffy nose”-“Cough”. Simultaneously, “Cough”、“Anhedonia”、 “Noticeability”、“Libido loss” and “Sleep” as bridge factors linked somatic symptoms with psychiatric symptoms. No gender differences in the somatic- psychiatric symptoms network.
Conclusions
This study provides new perspectives for assessing and intervening in COVID-19 and other multisystem diseases.
Cell-free DNA release following psychosocial and physical stress in women and men
Authors: Limberg Alicia , Berg Fabian , Köper Elisabeth , Lindgraf Chiara , Gevers Charlotte , Kumsta Robert , Hummel Elisabeth , Moser Dirk
Published: June 2024

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is continuously shed by all cells in the body, but the regulation of this process and its physiological functions are still largely unknown. Previous studies have shown that nuclear (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial (cf-mtDNA) cfDNA increase in plasma in response to acute psychosocial and physical stress in men. These findings have now been further investigated by testing female participants for the first time and comparing the results with those of men. In addition, cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA was comparatively quantified in both plasma and saliva at all measurement times. To obtain plasma, a novel method was implemented that allows, easy sampling of arterial blood by non-medical professionals. Although cf-mtDNA can be easily detected in body fluids due to its high copy number, cf-nDNA is more difficult to quantify because of its low copy number. To address this issue, a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol was utilized to detect LINE elements, which are abundant in the human genome. The analysis revealed significantly increased levels of cf-nDNA in plasma and saliva in all female and male participants after psychosocial and physical stress. However, neither plasma nor saliva showed a consistent or stress-induced release pattern for cf-mtDNA. CfDNA is a promising biomarker that is released after stress in both men and women and can be reliably detected in plasma and saliva. The mechanisms by which cfDNA is released from specific cells and its biological function in the body need to be elucidated in future research.
Aqueous benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) removal using core-shell structure activated carbon ball as a permeable reactive barrier material
Authors: Myung Eunji , Kim Hyunsoo , Choi Nagchoul , Cho Kanghee
Published: June 2024

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are passive and sustainable treatment systems for remediating the diffusion of contaminant plumes in groundwater. Several conventional reactive materials such as activated carbon (AC) have long been used as reactive media for PRBs. AC, which is known for its high adsorption capability and cost-effectiveness, is commonly used to remove multiple pollutants from groundwater. Unfortunately, among the reactive materials, AC can fill in the barrier and pose practical problems, such as a pressure drop, solid losses during handling, and safe disposal of filled sorbents, because of its low particle strength. In this study, AC balls were prepared using zeolite as the core and powdered AC, quartz, and calcite as the shell. AC ball with excellent mechanical strength and high permeability properties in the form of a core–shell layer is a good alternative to conventional reactive materials. The adsorption characteristics of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene (BTEX) from solutions using AC balls were investigated. The adsorption equilibrium is in the order of X > E > T > B. To validate the proposed models, batch experiments indicated that the pseudo-2nd-order and Langmuir models were the most suitable for describing the kinetics and equilibrium of benzene and toluene, respectively. Regeneration experiments were performed using chemical extraction (methanol) and microwave (MW) heating. MW heating is a promising alternative regeneration technique for AC balls. A series of experiments (six adsorption–desorption cycles) revealed that AC balls have considerable reusability. Based on these results, AC balls are a potential reactive medium for field-scale PRB practical remediation applications.
Assessing the relationship between spiritual intelligence and care burden in family caregivers of older adults with chronic diseases
Authors: Partovirad Mehrnoosh , Rizi Saba Barati , Majdabadi Zahra Amrollah , Mohammadi Fatemeh Ardestani , Hosseinabadi Ali Barani , Nikpeyma Nasrin
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Providing care to older adults with chronic diseases can make their family caregivers face care burdens as a set of physical, psychological, social, and economic problems. Spiritual intelligence is also one of the psychological components that can lead to self-control and maintaining inner peace in difficult situations. This study aimed to assess the relationship between spiritual intelligence and care burden in family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases.
Methods
This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2022–2023 in Tehran. Several 263 qualified family caregivers were included in the survey by multi-stage sampling method from comprehensive health service centers. The criteria for entering the research included: caring for people over 60 years old with chronic disease, ability to speak Persian, not suffering from psychological disorders, and caring for the elderly at least 20 hours a week for at least 6 months. Data were collected through demographic information questionnaires, Zarit Burden Interview (22 items), and spiritual intelligence self-report inventory (24 items) and were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression statistical tests and SPSS 22 version. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.
Results
A total of 263 family caregivers completed the research tools. Their average age was 46.88 ± 11.71 years, and most were women (81.4%). The results showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and care burden (p = 0.002, r(263)=-0.19). The results of multiple regression showed that there is a significant multiple relationship between spiritual intelligence and the demographic characteristics of caregivers and the elderly with care burden (P = 0.000, F(12,199) = 6.11, R2 = 0.27, R = 0.52).
Conclusions
In this study, family caregivers had an average care burden and a high level of spiritual intelligence. Care burden affects various aspects of the life of family caregivers of older adults with chronic diseases and is related to spiritual intelligence. Considering that informal caregivers play an important role in caring for older adults with chronic diseases; Therefore, identifying factors related to care burden helps to design appropriate interventions to reduce the care burden of this group.
Preoperative Nutrition Status in Children with Congenital Heart Disease and Its Impact on Postoperative Outcomes – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abbas Qalab , Ali Haider , Ahuja Akash Kumar , Bhatti Omaima Anis , Ladak Shamila , Khan Iraj , Rahman Abdu R , Mohsin Shazia , Shah Ibrahim , Ilyas Aneela , Ladak Laila Akbar
Published: June 2024

Despite the significant advancement in congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery over the years, the mortality and morbidity rate in children undergoing CHD surgery is substantial, especially in lower-middle-income countries. Evidence shows that malnutrition contributes to morbidity and mortality in these children, with a negative impact on their surgical outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the impact of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes among patients with CHD. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, ProQuest, and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 1, 2000, to Mar 1, 2024. Sixteen studies were included in the review with 2003 malnourished and 4681 well-nourished children undergoing CHD surgery. Malnourished children had a significantly longer LOS in the hospital, with a standard mean difference (SMD) of 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.02–0.95] days, a longer ICU stay (SMD 0.52 [95% CI, 0.14–0.91] days), a higher RACHS-1/STAT score (SMD 1.72 [95% CI, 1.32–2.25]), and a higher mechanical ventilation time (SMD 0.47 [95% CI, 0.16–0.77] hours). However, there was no significant difference in mortality, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.6 [95% CI, 0.81–3.15], and postoperative infection rates (OR 1.27 [95% CI, 0.05–35.02]) between the malnourished and well-nourished groups.
Deep learning-based automated measurement of hip key angles and auxiliary diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Li Ruixin , Wang Xiao , Li Tianran , Zhang Bibei , Liu Xiaoming , Li Wenhua , Sui Qirui
Published: June 2024

objectives Radiographic examination is currently the most commonly used method for diagnosing developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant advances in image recognition, segmentation, decision-making, and statistical analysis of a large number of data sets. Our study aim is whether AI model can be accurately measured angles in pelvic radiography of hip. Then evaluation of AI model effectiveness of pelvic radiographs in diagnosis of DDH and BDDH. Methods A total of 1029 patients, comprising 273 men and 757 women (aged 18–84 years, median age: 33 years) who underwent pelvic radiography examination between January 2020 and January 2022 were retrospectively included in this study. The images were randomly allocated into the training set (720 cases), validation set (103 cases), and test set (206 cases). The anatomical key points were marked: L-fhc, L-uar, L-tar, L-lt, R-fhc, R-uar, R-tar, and R-lt. The Sharp, Tönnis, and Center edge (CE) angles were calculated automatically based on the above coordinates and corresponding rules. Hip development situation was compared among measurements obtained by the AI model and those obtained manually by two radiologists. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the AI model. Results Manually- and AI model-measured results showed no significant differences in terms of Sharp, Tönnis and Center edge (CE) angles (all P > 0.05). ICCs and correlation coefficient r values were greater than 0.75, indicating that AI model and manual measurements had good repeatability and were positively correlated. AI model measurement results are highly consistent with manual measurement results, with smaller errors. Both AI model and manual measurement results had similar repeatability. The AI model measurement was therefore faster than the radiologists (P < 0.001). AI model measurement had a high diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of DDH. AI model has high diagnostic performance for DDH. AI model and manual measurements were basically consistent with clinical diagnosis results (P < 0.05). AI model can be used to evaluate the hip condition by measuring hip sharp, Tönnis and CE angles, which are similar to the clinical diagnosis results and can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of DDH and BDDH. Conclusion AI model measurement results are highly consistent with manual measurement results. The AI model measurement was far faster than the radiologists. Sharp, Center edge, and Tönnis angles measured using the deep learning based convolutional neural network model can be used to diagnose DDH and BDDH with a high diagnostic performance. AI model can completely replace manual measurement key angles of hip and diagnosing DDH and BDDH, faster and more precise.
Expression of an Eucalyptus grandis Xyloglucan Endoglycosylase Gene in Nicotiana tabacum Confers Tolerance to Abiotic Stress
Authors: Assis Elza Thaynara , Quisbert Maria Teresa , Oliveira Dandara , Sousa Aurizangela , Pasquali Giancarlo , Silva Delmira , Santos Martielly , Pirovani Carlos , Alvim Fatima
Published: June 2024

Comparative analyzes of the xylem transcriptomes from Eucalyptus grandis and E. globulus allowed us to identify a gene sequence putatively encoding an enzyme similar to xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH). XTHs are a family of enzymes involved in plant cell wall modification, impacting cell expansion and growth. Besides cell wall structure remodeling induced by XTHs, the activity of this class of enzymes was also related to plant responses to stress conditions. In this work, we show that in Eucalyptus, EucXTH expression is induced in response to stress conditions such as those promoted by injury, salinity and cold, indicating its involvement in adaptive responses to abiotic stress. Additionally, we demonstrate that Nicotiana tabacum plants overexpressing EucXTH present changes in secondary xylem differentiation, increased mechanical strength and enhanced tolerance to salt stress. These findings demonstrate the potential of the XHT gene to improve plant tolerance to environmental challenges.
“Pull-Back” Insights. Results of A Survey of 297 Israeli Physicians During and after Fellowship on their Motivations for Returning Home.
Authors: Seluk Lior , Weltsch Daniel , Segal Gadi , Gilboa Mayan
Published: June 2024

Background. Emigration of healthcare professionals, particularly physicians, is an unresolved “pandemic”, influenced by various factors. In high-income countries, the training phase (fellowship) abroad is critical for career development, yet it poses challenges for the retention of these professionals upon their completion of training. This study aimed to identify the determinants influencing Israeli physicians' decisions to return to their home country after completing fellowship training abroad.
Methods. This cross-sectional study conducted in early 2024, surveyed Israeli physicians with post-graduate training who pursued a fellowship abroad between 2013-2024. An anonymous survey included questions on demographics, training experience, and professional challenges. Analytical methods included descriptive statistics and regression analysis to explore factors associated with the decision to return.
Results. Of the 323 individuals surveyed, 297 met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 141 (47.5%) have returned to Israel, while 156 (52.5%) currently reside in their fellowship country. Respondents identified several significant challenges, including a complex and demanding application process (47% of responders stated this as a major challenge), substantial financial burdens averaging 35,546 USD in direct out-of-pocket expenses, and job uncertainty, with only 55% having secured positions upon return. Of the 155 Israeli fellows still abroad, 107 (69%) reported medium to low confidence in returning. Factors associated with a higher likelihood of confidence in returning to Israel included a secured job position upon return (OR 8.6, 95% CI 3.1-28.9) and having an opportunity for a position that would utilize the skills gained during the fellowship (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3-10.2).
Conclusion. The decision to return to the origin country after a fellowship abroad involves a complex interplay of professional opportunities, personal circumstances, and geopolitical factors. Enhancing occupational certainty after fellowship can increase return rates, ensuring the sustainability of the healthcare system in Israel. These findings have implications for health care policy, suggesting the need for policies that support returning physicians and address the challenges they face.
Development of metal-polymer luminescent markers for bioimaging: synthesis and optical properties of polymeric europium complexes based on polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives
Authors: Zhidomorova Ksenia Alekseevna , Sivtsov Evgeny Viktorovich , Selutin Artem Aleksandrovich , Krasikov Valery Dmitrievich , Ilyina Ksenia Igorevna , Muslimov Albert Radikovich , Laushkina Valeria Olegovna , Shakirova Alyona Igorevna , Eremin Aleksei Vladimirovich
Published: June 2024

Polymeric derivatives of poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone containing different amounts of linker carboxylate ligands (partially hydrolyzed poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone with 5 mol% COOH groups and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with other monomers) were synthesized. The following copolymers were obtained: N-vinylpyrrolidone/crotonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone/N-vinylamidoanthanoic acid (containing 16 and 50 mol% COOH-groups). Metal-polymer complexes (MPC) with varying europium content were prepared through the interaction of the obtained polymers with equimolar amounts of hydroxocomplex Eu(Phen)2(OH)3 (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). The polymers and MPC were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence; their cytotoxicity toward living cells was estimated. All the obtained MPC exhibited photoluminescence with higher intensity than that of the reference complex Eu(Phen)2Br3. The dependence of luminescence intensity on the content of metallocenters in MPC was demonstrated. The relative quantum yield of luminescence was found to decrease with increasing europium content in MPC. It was shown that none of the polymers under investigation exhibited cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the presence of the polymeric anion in MPC contributed to a sharp decrease in the toxicity of metallocenter [Eu(Phen)2]solv3+. The MPC based on the N-vinylpyrrolidone/N-vinylamidoanthanoic acid copolymer exhibited no cytotoxicity within the entire investigated concentration range.
Impact of Code Changes on The Design of RC Frame Structure
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Ahmed Nishad , Islam Md. Asiful , Zubaer Abdur Razzak
Published: June 2024

Behavior of building frames under different loading conditions and different serviceability and limiting conditions is still under a continuous process. This study discusses the comparison of two Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) code named as BNBC 2020 to grasp an idea of the impact of code changes on Reinforced Cement Concrete (RC) structures. For this, three buildings are chosen with three different options for each and three different framing conditions for the earlier code (BNBC 2006). All the buildings are in the low seismic zone and high wind zone. The analyses were carried out by the state-of-the-art finite element software using respective design code for the earlier version and for the later version (BNBC 2020). Output results are tabulated in the figures for three buildings for the seismic force and the wind load. Seismic base shear is increased while wind force is reduced for all three buildings for all the options except option 1 of building 1. Finally, the concrete volumes of the structural items are calculated and are tabulated in the figure. When comparing the results, it is seen that the overall cost is reduced by the updated code for this zone.
Keywords: Comparison, BNBC 2006, BNBC 2020, RC Frame, LOw Seismic Zone, High Wind Zone
Cardiovascular autonomic failure correlates with cutaneous autonomic devervation in PD and MSA
Authors: Koay Shiwen , Provitera Vincenzo , Vichayanrat Ekawat , Caporaso Giuseppe , Valerio Fernanda , Stancanelli Annamaria , Borreca Ilaria , Manganelli Fiore , Santoro Lucio , Nolano Maria , Iodice Valeria
Published: June 2024

Background
Cardiovascular autonomic failure and neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) are common and disabling in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Recent studies have shown evidence of postganglionic denervation in MSA as well as PD.
Objectives
To characterise the relationship between nOH, autonomic failure and markers of postganglionic denervation in PD and MSA.
Methods
We assessed 57 patients (37 PD, 20 MSA, 18 females, median 64[IQR 59-70] years) with autonomic cardiovascular testing, plasma noradrenaline levels, dynamic sweat testing, skin biopsies for quantification of intraepidermal, pilomotor and sudomotor innervation and COMPASS-31 autonomic symptom questionnaires.
Results
78% with MSA and 36% with PD had nOH≥ 20/10mmHg. Overall, compared to patients without nOH, patients with nOH demonstrated greater 1) cardiovascular autonomic failure, with significantly reduced responses to isometric exercise, deep breathing and Valsalva ratio, 2) intraepidermal, pilomotor and sudomotor denervation, 3) autonomic symptoms and Hoehn-Yahr grade. Quantitative cardiovascular biomarkers including nOH severity correlated with autonomic denervation, patient symptoms and Hoehn-Yahr grade (ρ≥0.50).
Compared to PD, MSA patients had worse nOH, pressor responses to isometric exercise, sudomotor dysfunction and cutaneous denervation, with higher supine noradrenaline, but subgroup analysis showed only supine noradrenaline differed significantly between MSA and PD with nOH subgroups (P=.04).
Conclusions
NOH was associated with cutaneous denervation in both PD and MSA, with significant correlations between quantitative cardiovascular autonomic biomarkers, cutaneous denervation, and Hoehn-Yahr grade. Postganglionic denervation may contribute to autonomic failure in PD and MSA and affect responses to therapeutic agents for nOH.
Microwave assisted synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Cocculus hirsutus leaves Extract and their Anti-Urolithic activity
Authors: Chintha Muthaiah , Puligilla Balaswamy , Dhoddi Bala Narsimha
Published: June 2024

As highlighting the synergetic action of Nanoscale metal along with the biomolecules play crucial role in modern medicine. The silver nanoparticles were owed many uses in the field of medicine; one of the most important approaches of silver nitrate is Anti-urolithiasis effect. The present study focuses on the anti-urolithiasis activity of Cocculus hirsutus leaf extract capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs were synthesized by silver nitrate salt solution and Cocculus hirsutus leaf extract in microwave oven. The Microwave assisted synthesis is an efficient technique and promises more environment benign than traditional heating. The newly prepared AgNPs were characterized by various techniques. the invitro struvite crystal preparation and inhibition activity were examined by using freshly prepared silver nanoparticles.
Research on Multi-DirectionalPiezoelectric-Electromagnetic CompositeVibration Energy Harvesters
Authors: Liu Junjie , Hu Liduo , Shi Xiaofan , Song Fang
Published: June 2024

Vibration energy harvesting technology plays a crucial role in converting minuscule vibrational energy into stored electrical energy, holding significant research importance. To address the collection of low-frequency vibration energy from various directions, this paper introduces a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid vibration energy harvester capable of multi-directional energy collection. The piezoelectric component of this harvester employs a structure coupling a resonant beam and a cantilever beam at a 90-degree angle, enabling the collection of vibration energy in any direction within a two-dimensional plane. The electromagnetic part utilizes a tile-shaped permanent magnet to ensure adequate cutting of magnetic flux lines by the relative motion between the magnet and the coil. This paper establishes a dimensionless parameter model and derives a normalized power output expression. Through simulation analysis using Ansys and Comsol, the harvester's structure parameters are optimized. Additionally, based on this analysis, a physical model is fabricated, and comprehensive experiments and analyses are conducted. The results indicate that the maximum power outputs of the piezoelectric and electromagnetic components are 5.91mW and 3.12mW, respectively. For excitation in different directions within a two-dimensional plane, the harvester consistently achieves a maximum root mean square voltage exceeding 5V in the 10-25Hz frequency band, demonstrating excellent multi-directional harvesting performance.
Perception of quality of life in school-age children born before 32 weeks of gestational age
Authors: Merino-Hernández Amaia , Muñoz-Cutillas Agustin , Ramos-Navarro Cristina , Bellón-Alonso Sara , Rodríguez-Cimadevilla Juan Luis , González-Pacheco Noelia , Sánchez-Luna Manuel
Published: June 2024

Background: Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are at increased risk of disruptions in their quality of life (QoL) at school age, often associated with respiratory morbidity and the need for ongoing hospital care.
Objective: To assess the impact of BPD on perceived quality of life in preterm infants at school age.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of infants less than 32 weeks' gestation admitted to our neonatal unit between January 2012 and December 2014. Quality of life was assessed at school age using the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) questionnaire, with higher scores indicating poorer quality of life.
Results: The study included 102 patients with a mean gestational age of 29.42 weeks (SD 1.87) and a mean birth weight of 1221.36 g (SD 347.25), with an average age of 8.59 years (SD 0.90) at the time of the survey. Patients with BPD 2-3 exhibited a significantly poorer perception of “total quality of life” (p=0.03) and in the “social activities” domain (p=0.02) compared to those without BPD or with BPD 1; even after adjusting for gestational age in a multivariate model. No significant differences were observed for “health & activities” domain (p=0.31), “emotional state” domain (p=0.58), or “school activities” domain (p=0.33). No significant differences were found between patients without a diagnosis of BPD and those with grade 1 BPD. Similarly, no significant differences were observed when comparing patients of less than 28 weeks' gestational age and more than 28 weeks of gestational age.
Conclusion: In our study of preterm infants, those diagnosed with grade 2-3 BPD exhibited lower perceived quality of life compared to preterm infants without BPD or with grade 1 BPD. No differences in quality of life were observed between patients without BPD diagnosis and those with grade 1 BPD. No significant differences in QoL were found between infants born before and after 28 weeks' gestation.
Could the presence of ferrihydrite identified in a riverbed impacted by mining leachates be linked to the reduction in the Heavy Metals Contamination Index?
Authors: Morales-Mendoza Asunción Guadalupe , Flores-Trujillo Ana Karen Ivanna , Razo-Jiménez Luz María Del , Peña-Ocaña Betsy Anaid , Missirlis Fanis , Rodríguez-Vázquez Refugio
Published: June 2024

Water bodies have suffered degradation due to the discharge of pollutants, including potentially toxic elements (PTEs), primarily from mining operations. One such instance is the extraction of metallic elements in Taxco de Alarcón, Mexico. In this study, elements were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in 11 points of Acamixtla, Taxco, and San Juan Rivers. The data analysis included principal components analysis (PCA) and determination of Heavy-Metals and Metalloids Pollution Index (HMPI), as well as their Health Risk Assessment. Additionally, solid samples from RSJMG S2.3 were characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The elements (As, Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Se, and Li) were identified in the water samples. PCA revealed that component one, accounted for 82.8% of the variability data, and Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation of Fe with As, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The highest HMPI (8491.52) was detected at RSJMG S2.3 point. Other points exhibited a 96.45 % to 100% lower exposure than RSJMG S2.3 point, that could be due to metal complexation with naturally occurring mineral ferrihydrite (Fe10 O14(OH)2), that was identified by SEM and FTIR in solids collected at the RSJMG S2.3 point. For Health Risk Assessment, the chronic oral daily intake and dermal exposure were predominant in all points impacted by leachates downstream of the San Juan River. Likewise, for the elements Cd, As and Zn were highest values and all sites presented high hazard index.