bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPINODAL DECAY MODEL OF ISOTROPIC SOLID SOLUTIONS WITH ELASTIC STRESSES: ANALYSIS OF DISPERSION RELATIONS
Authors: ЛЕБЕДЕВ В Г. , ЛЕБЕДЕВА А А. , КОПЫТОВ В А.
Published: July 2024

В работе предложена термодинамически согласованная неизотермическая модель спинодального распада с учетом упругих напряжений. Модель рассмотрена на примере модельной системы, описываемой энергией Гинзбурга-Ландау. На основе свободной энергии Кана-Хилльярда для модели записан функционал энтропии, расширенный вкладом упругой энергии. Уравнения модели получены из условия роста энтропии в процессе релаксации. Для полученной совместной системы уравнений, описывающих перераспределение примеси, температуры и упругих деформаций в системе, исследованы начальные стадии спинодального распада. Из представленных графиков дисперсионной зависимости следует, что область неустойчивости при различных температурах будет меняться, что соответствует известным на сегодняшний день эксперимендальным данным. Развиваемый подход может являться основой для дальнейшего развития модели и ее проверке на реальных материалах, в том числе расширению данного подхода на другие сильно неравновесные явления, связанные с закалкой и стеклованием.

A thermodynamically consistent non-isothermal model of spinodal decay with elastic stresses is proposed. The model is considered on the example of a model system described by the Ginzburg-Landau energy. On the basis of the Cahn-Hilliard free energy, the entropy functional is written for the model, expanded by the contribution of elastic energy. The model equations are derived from the entropy growth condition during relaxation. For the obtained joint system of equations describing the redistribution of impurity, temperature and elastic deformations in the system, the initial stages of spinodal decay are investigated. It follows from the presented graphs of the dispersion dependence that the instability region will change at different temperatures, which corresponds to the experimental data known to date. The developed approach can be the basis for further development of the model and its verification on real materials, including the extension of this approach to other highly nonequilibrium phenomena associated with quenching and vitrification.
MEASUREMENT OF THE FLOW RATE OF TWO-COMPONENT FLOWS USING AMPLITUDE-MODULATED ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS
Authors: АХОБАДЗЕ Г.Н.
Published: July 2024

Предлагается принцип построения измерителя расхода двухкомпонентных потоков в трубопроводах, использующий характеристики промодулированных по амплитуде электромагнитных сверхвысокочастотных колебаний. Показана возможность измерения объемного расхода потока на основе частоты одного из двух промоделированных сигналов и разности фаз между ними через скорость транспортируемой по трубопроводу среды. Анализируется взаимодействие электромагнитных колебаний с движущимися по потоку диэлектрическими частицами с учетом их концентрацией, геометрических размеров и электрофизических свойств. Обосновывается применение корреляционной обработки двух промодулированных сигналов с последующим их преобразованием для вычисления массового расхода веществ. Определена область применения предлагаемого измерителя расхода двухкомпонентных потоков.

V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation The principle of constructing a flow meter for two-component flows in pipelines using the characteristics of amplitude-modulated electromagnetic ultrahigh frequency oscillations is proposed. The possibility of measuring the volumetric flow rate based on the frequency of one of the two simulated signals and the phase difference between them through the velocity of the medium transported through the pipeline is shown. The interaction of electromagnetic vibrations with dielectric particles moving in a stream is analyzed, taking into account their concentration, geometric dimensions and electrophysical properties. The application of correlation processing of two modulated signals with their subsequent transformation to calculate the mass consumption of substances is justified. The scope of application of the proposed flow meter for two-component flows has been determined.
MODELING THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT AS PART OF AN INFORMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: ШЕВНИНА Ю.С. ШЕВНИНА Ю.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлен подход к моделированию состояния технологического оборудования, входящего в состав информационно-управляющей системы производственного предприятия. Разработанная модель состояния технологического оборудования позволяет учитывать множество взшмосвязанных внешних и внутренних параметров: техническое состояние оборудования, состояние внешней окружающей среды, человеческий фактор. Для исследования взаимосвязи и нелинейности параметров, влияющих на состояние и поведение технологического оборудования, использована модель нейронной сети с обратным распространением ошибки. Верификация разработанной модели состояния технологического оборудования проведена для вакуумной установки, входящей в состав литографа для микроэлектроники. В качестве входных параметров определены четыре основных фактора, влияющих на эффективность управления вакуумной установкой: приток воздуха в камеру вакуумной установки, степень вакуума, давление в камере установки и мощность откачного насоса. Результаты исследования показывают, что разработанная авторами модель позволяет отражать основные особенности изменения состояния технологического оборудования с учетом множества параметров. Хотя модель может быть улучшена при использовании большего количества данных, описанный подход к моделированию состояния технологического оборудования в составе информационно-управляющей системы производственного предприятия доказал свою состоятельность и эффективность.

The article presents an approach to modeling the state of technological equipment that is part of the information and control system of a manufacturing enterprise. The developed model of the state of technological equipment makes it possible to take into account many external and internal parameters: the technical condition of the equipment, the state of the external environment, and the human factor. To study the relationship and nonlinearity parameters affecting the state and behavior of technological equipment, a neural network model with backpropagation of errors was used. The verification of the algorithmic model of the state of technological equipment, carried out for a vacuum installation, is included in the lithograph for microelectronics. Four main factors influencing the efficiency of vacuum installation control were chosen as input parameters: air flow into the vacuum installation chamber, degree of vacuum, pressure in the installation chamber and pump power. The results of the study show that the model developed by the authors allows us to reflect the main features of changes in the state of technological equipment, taking into account the proposed parameters. Although the model can be improved by using more data, the described approach to modeling the state of process equipment as part of the information and control system of a manufacturing enterprise has proven its validity and effectiveness.
SELECTION OF A NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR SEARCHING OF PIPE INTERNAL SURFACE DEFECTS
Authors: ЗАХАРОВА О.И. , КУЛЯС О.Л. , ЛОШКАРЕВ А.С. , НАЗАРЕНКО П.А. , НИКИТИ К.А.
Published: July 2024

Объектом исследования является система компьютерного зрения для объективного контроля качества внутренней поверхности цилиндрических объектов, в том числе труб для нефтегазовой промышленности. Цель работы - исследование возможностей методов компьютерного зрения для выявления дефектов различной структуры внутренней поверхности цилиндрической объектов при использовании телевизионного системы со сверхширокими углами зрения. Нейронные сети применяются как инструмент диагностики внутренних поверхностей цилиндрических изделий, труб и т.п. Параметрами архитектур нейронных сетей являются размер и форма ядра свёртки, количество свёрточных блоков, количество слоев подвыборки, количество слоев выходной полносвязной сети.

The object of the study is a computer vision system for objective quality control of the internal surface of cylindrical objects, including pipes for the oil and gas industry. The purpose of the work is to study the capabilities of computer vision methods for identifying defects in various structures of the internal surface of cylindrical objects when using a television system with ultra-wide viewing angles. Neural networks are used as a tool for diagnosing the internal surfaces of cylindrical products, pipes, etc. The parameters of neural network architectures are the size and shape of the convolution kernel, the number of convolutional blocks, the number of subsampling layers, and the number of layers of the output fully connected network.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESS OF PLASMA HARDENING OF TIRES OF WHEELS
Authors: КОПАНЕВ М В. , АЛЕКСЕЕНКО В А. , ДУНАЕВ М П. , ГЛАДЫШЕВ М А.
Published: July 2024

На протяжении последних лет на железных дорогах России наблюдается увеличение износа бандажей тягового подвижного состава. Главной изнашиваемой частью бандажа является гребень, который в контакте с рельсом подвержен трению скольжения с высокими динамическими нагрузками при колебаниях тележки локомотива в железнодорожной колее. Проблема износа гребней имеет большее значение в скоростных и тяжеловесных поездах. Так же повышение сопротивления к разрушению и износостойкости колесной пары приобретает особое значение в связи с увеличением требований к их надежности и долговечности. С целью увеличения твердости гребня и уменьшения его износа применяется плазменное упрочнение, которое при правильном использовании значительно увеличивает ресурс бандажа и сокращает экономические затраты по ремонту. Плазменное поверхностное упрочнение является достаточно эффективным и производительным методом упрочнения. Нагрев упрочняемого участка бандажа колесной пары осуществляется высокоэнтальпийной плазменной струей, стелящейся вдоль нагреваемой поверхности при встречном относительном перемещении детали...

Over the past years, the Russian railways have seen an increase in the wear of tires of traction rolling stock. The main wear part of the tire is the ridge, which, in contact with the rail, is subject to sliding friction with high dynamic loads when the locomotive bogie oscillates in the railway track. The problem of ange wear is of greater importance in highspeed and heavyhaul trains. Also, an increase in the resistance to destruction and wear resistance of the wheelset is of particular importance due to the increase in the requirements for their reliability and durability. In order to increase the hardness of the ridge and reduce its wear, plasma hardening is used, which, if used correctly, signi cantly increases the resource of the bandage and reduces the economic costs of repair. Plasma surface hardening is a fairly effective and productive method of hardening. The heating of the hardened section of the wheel pair shroud is carried out by a high enthalpy plasma jet, creeping along the heated surface with an opposite relative movement of the part. The hardened section is cooled immediately upon exiting the plasma, mainly due to heat removal to the body of a massive wheelset and heat removal from the surface to the atmosphere wheel pairs, the dependence of the formation of an electric arc is determined, the analysis of the results obtained is carried out.
DETERMINATION OF MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL BASED ON DIAGNOSTIC DATA OF THE CYLINDER SAMPLE AGAINST THE CRITERION OF ITS LENGTH
Authors: САНДУЛЯК Д А. , СОЛОВЬЕВ И А. , САНДУЛЯК А В. , САНДУЛЯК А А. , ЕРШОВА В А.
Published: July 2024

Рассматривается вариант идентификации критериального значения относительной длины X = [X] ферромагнитного образца - когда экспериментально получаемая зависимость, например магнитной индукции B в образце от X, достигает автомодельной области, т.е. выходит на «плато». В этом случае из-за исчезающе малого размагничивающего фактора магнитные свойства образца практически соответствует свойствам его материала. Значение [X] предложено определять, пользуясь принципом кусочно-линейной аппроксимации, но адаптированной к специфичным (здесь логарифмическим) координатам, при этом восходящий нелинейный участок получаемой зависимости B от X следует аппроксимировать степенной функцией, которая в логарифмических координатах отображает этот участок как «линейный» (квазилинейный). Тогда значение X = [X] определяется по абсциссе точки его пересечения с интерполированной линией хвостового автомодельного участка (т.е. по характерной «точке излома» зависимости B от X)...

The method of identification of the relative length' criterion value of the studied ferromagnetic sample X = [X] is considered - when the experimentally obtained dependence goes to the automodel region, i.e. to the "plateau", for example, sample' magnetic induction B in the dependence from X. In this case, due to vanishing small sample' demagnetizing factor, the magnetic properties of the studied sample corresponds to the properties for its material. The value [X] is proposed to be determined using the concept of piecewise linear approximation, adapted to the specific (logarithmic) coordinates: the ascending nonlinear section of the resulting X-dependence of B should be approximated by power dependence that in the logarithmic coordinates maps this section as "linear" (quasilinear). Then the value of X = [X] is determined by the abscissa of its intersection point with the interpolated line of the tail automodel section (i.e. by characteral line inflection point X-dependence of B)...
MODELING OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS IN TERMS OF ENSURING ITS STABILITY
Authors: ТЕРЕНТЬЕВА Ю Ю.
Published: July 2024

Настоящая статья содержит описание разработанного программного обеспечения, реализующего процесс моделирования сети связи в части обеспечения ее устойчивости, а именно надежности и живучести. Актуальность разработки обусловлена прежде всего, во-первых, необходимостью выявления топологических уязвимостей сети связи, и, во-вторых, диктуется экономическими факторами, связанными с оптимизацией затрат на проектирование и модернизацию сети связи, обеспечивающей требуемый уровень устойчивости. Изложены функциональные возможности программы моделирования сети связи, включающие аспекты управления данными, визуализации и реализации аналитических функций. Назначение разработанного программного обеспечения может быть расширено до автоматизированного решения широкого спектра инженерно-технических задач построения и анализа территориально распределенных телекоммуникационных сетей связи высокой размерности. Данное программное обеспечение, наряду с комплексным исследованием устойчивости сети связи, может рассматриваться как инструментарий автоматизации проектирования, модернизации и эксплуатационного сопровождения сетей связи.

This article contains a description of the developed software that implements the process of modeling a communication network in terms of ensuring its stability, namely reliability and survivability. The relevance of the development is determined primarily, firstly, by the need to identify topological vulnerabilities of the communication network, and, secondly, is dictated by economic factors associated with optimizing the costs of designing and upgrading the communication network, ensuring the required level of stability. The functionality of the communication network modeling program is outlined, including aspects of data management, visualization and implementation of analytical functions. The purpose of the developed software can be expanded to an automated solution to a wide range of engineering and technical problems of constructing and analyzing geographically distributed high-dimensional telecommunication networks. This software, along with a comprehensive study of the stability of a communication network, can be considered as a toolkit for automating the design, modernization and operational support of communication networks.
THE ROLE OF THE POSTER IN RESTORING ORDER ON THE ROADS
Authors: АХМЕДОВА Р К. , АБДУЛЛАЕВ А Р. , СЕЛИМХАНОВ Д Н. , МЕДЖИДОВ Р А.
Published: July 2024

Главная цель плаката по дорожной безопасности - привлечь внимание и передать важные сообщения. Композиция плаката играет решающую роль в достижении этой цели. Для каждого типа информации использовался свой тип плаката. В наши дни значение плаката не так уж велико. Люди привыкли получать большую часть информации через Интернет и социальные сети. Для многих плакат сейчас считается произведением искусства, а для некоторых это вообще не имеет значения. Тогда как раньше такое послание массам играло важную роль в обществе, поскольку могло мотивировать людей, призывать к действию и сообщать новости. В данной статье рассматривается роль плаката для повышения уровня безопасности дорожного движения.

The main purpose of the road safety poster is to attract attention and convey important messages. The composition of the poster plays a crucial role in achieving this goal. For each type of information, a different type of poster was used. Nowadays, the significance of the poster is not so great. People are used to getting most of the information through the Internet and social networks. For many, the poster is now considered a work of art, and for some it does not matter at all. Whereas before, such a message to the masses played an important role in society, since it could motivate people, call for action and report news. This article discusses the role of the poster to improve road safety.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROLE OF POLITICAL LITERATURE IN GREAT BRITAIN AT THE END OF THE XIXTH - BEGINNING OF THE XXTH CENTURIES
Authors: НАУМЕНКОВА Е О.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье рассматривается опыт и практическое использование периодической литературы, полиграфической продукции и других видов политических материалов во время избирательных компаний в местные и центральные органы власти в конце XIX - начале XX вв. в Великобритании. Поднимаются спорные в историографии вопросы, связанные со временем начала широкого использования печатной продукции в крупномасштабной политической агитации. Проанализировано разнообразие источников, из которых материалы поступали в округа, а также информационный материал, изданный на местах. Анализируется способ взаимодействия местных и национальных сфер в этом ключевом аспекте предвыборной битвы. Рассмотрено, как различные виды предвыборной литературы вводились в действие и использовались в предвыборных кампаниях в интересах привлечения электората различными политическими силами. Дается оценка роли партийных агентов в выпуске прессы. Данный опыт представляет интерес тем, что был принят на вооружение многими европейскими государствами, а сложившиеся тенденции во многом соответствуют реалиям сегодняшнего дня.

This article examines the experience and practical use of periodical literature, printing products and other types of political materials during election campaigns to local and central authorities in the late XIX- early XXcenturies. in the UK. Controversial issues in historiography are raised related to the time of widespread use of printed materials in large-scale political agitation. The variety of sources from which materials were received in the districts, as well as information material published locally, is analyzed. It is considered how various types of election literature were put into effect and used in election campaigns in the interests of attracting the electorate by various political forces. The method of interaction between local and national spheres in this key aspect of the election battle is analyzed. The role of party agents in the press release is assessed. This experience is interesting because it has been adopted by many European states, and the current trends largely correspond to the realities of today.
ЭХИНОКОККОЗ ПОЗВОНОЧНИКА: ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ
Authors: Копбаев Е.Ж. , Туткышбаев С.О. , Аманжолова Л.К. , Манабаев Ж.К. , Достарбаев Р.Г. , Исеркепова Ж.С.
Published: July 2024

Эхинококкоз человека – это зоонозная болезнь, вызываемая паразитами, а именно ленточными червями рода Echinococcus granulosus и multilocularis. При этом, поражение костной системы встречается редко, всего 1–4 % случаев и из них более 50 % поражается позвоночный столб. Поскольку методы диагностики неспецифичны, постановка диагноза и лечение обычно откладываются до тех пор, пока заболевание не достигнет далеко зашедшей стадии. Лечение, как правило, хирургическое, направленное на иссечение кисты, декомпрессию спинного мозга и стабилизацию позвоночника с курсом антигельминтной терапии. В данной статье мы провели литературный обзор по эхинококкозу позвоночника и описали редкий клинический случай этого заболевания в дифференциальной диагностике с туберкулезом позвоночника (болезнью Потта). При костном эхинококкозе с целью диагностики и планирования дальнейшего лечения применяют высокотехнологичные лучевые методы исследования, такие как компьютерная и магнитно-резонансная томографии. Также используют серологические тесты, но ни один из них не обладает высокой специфичностью и чувствительностью, поэтому диагноз, как правило, устанавливается по данным гистологического исследования.
Correcting dispersion corrections with density-corrected DFT
Authors: Lee Minhyeok , Kim Byeongjae , Sim Mingyu , Sogal Mihira , Kim Youngsam , Yu Hayoung , Burke Kieron , Sim Eunji
Published: July 2024

Almost all empirical parameterizations of dispersion corrections in DFT use only energy errors, thereby mixing functional and density-driven errors. We introduce density and dispersion-corrected DFT (D2C-DFT), a dual-calibration approach that accounts for density delocalization errors when parametrizing dispersion interactions. We simply exclude density-sensitive reactions from the training data. We find a significant reduction in both errors and variation among several semilocal functionals and their global hybrids when tailored dispersion corrections are employed with Hartree-Fock densities.
High Throughput Approaches to Engineer Fluorescent Nanosensors
Authors: Metternich Justus T. , Patjoshi Sujit K. , Kistwal Tanuja , Kruss Sebastian
Published: July 2024

Optical sensors/probes are powerful tools to identify and image (biological) molecules. Because of their optoelectronic properties, nanomaterials are often used as building blocks. Such nanosensors are assembled from an optically sensitive nanomaterial, a (biological) recognition unit, and linker chemistry that connects them. To transduce the chemical interaction with the analyte into an optical signal, the interplay between surface chemistry and nanomaterial photophysics has to be optimized. Understanding these aspects promises major opportunities for tailored sensors with optimal performance. However, this requires methods to create and explore the wide range of possible chemical permutations. Indeed, many current approaches are limited in throughput. This affects the chemical design space that can be studied, the application of machine learning approaches as well as fundamental mechanistic understanding. Here, we provide an overview of selection-limited and synthesis-limited approaches to create and identify molecular nanosensors. We discuss bottlenecks and highlight opportunities of non-classical recognition strategies such as corona phase molecular recognition as well as the requirements for high throughput and scalability. Fluorescent carbon nanotubes are powerful building blocks for sensors and their huge chemical design space makes them an ideal platform for high throughput approaches. Therefore, they are the focus of this article, but the insights are transferable to any nanosensor system. Overall, this perspective aims to provide a fresh perspective to overcome current challenges in the nanosensor field.
SOME ISSUES OF IMPROVING LEGISLATION ON ANIMAL PROTECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Teleuov Galym , Bekturganov Abdimanap
Published: July 2024

The proposed scientific article is aimed at studying the legal issues of protection of wildlife in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The animal world is one of the most important biological resources in the form of a common national treasure of mankind. The fact that animals perform natural functions in maintaining the normal environment, in particular soil fertility, maintaining water purity, and pollinating flowering plants, determines their place in the universe. And since the animal world today is a biological species, keeping them normal should be a strategic task of any state. The article examines the state of animals in the Republic of Kazakhstan and proposes ways to protect them. The main position of the authors is to maintain or reproduce wildlife in a normal state through effective legal regulation of hunting in the protection of wildlife. Rational recommendations are given by studying the legislation and practice of domestic and foreign states.
THE LEGAL BASIS FOR THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Dzhaparkulov Daniyar , Gusev Mikhail , Baydeldinova Tatyana , Sarsenbiev Gani
Published: July 2024

Digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and software are increasingly being used by society to solve urgent social problems. One of such tasks for Kazakhstan is the issues of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. To effectively solve this problem, government authorities and environmental users use the latest digital technologies, which deny completely new opportunities in solving environmental problems of our time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current environmental legislation for the implementation of the norms of digital law and the role of current digital legislation in regulating environmental relations. In this article, we examined the existing functions of environmental management, as well as the practice of using blockchain processes to implement these functions. We considered the role of smart contracts in the fulfillment of contractual obligations for the use of natural resources. In our study, we analyzed the existing scientific points of view on the characteristics of digital technologies. The environmental practice of digital technologies has shown the lack of legislative regulation of this issue. At the same time, the use of digitalization in the environmental sphere eliminates corruption risks and reduces the presence of procedural barriers. The importance of this study lies in the fact that the authors propose to include a new institute of digital technologies in the current environmental legislation.
STALKING AS A NEW FORM OF VIOLENCE: ITS CONNECTION WITH AMBIVALENT SEXISM, ATTITUDE TO GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Ordayeva Aigul , Bitemirov Kairat , Bolatbekova Lola , Isakhov Bakytzhan , Abutaeva Saparkul
Published: July 2024

In this article, stalking examines in detail views as a new type of violence, the psychological concepts and theories associated with them. In our country, stalking is not studied from a socio-psychological point of view. The purpose of the research is to study various forms of stalking. Stalking can be classified into three types: stalking an ex-partner, stalking an acquaintance, and stalking a stranger. A study of associations between sexist and sexually violent relationships. The concept was developed by analyzing the main results of scientific research by foreign researchers. By studying ambivalent sexism, an analysis of their types was conducted and studies of their interconnectedness showed that people with high kind sexist views are more likely to blame the victim. The stalker's actions are mostly focused on the threat; in addition, some of their actions are seen as even physical violence, which can be a precedent for violence such as psychological violence. Also, not limited to the works of lawyers, he used the research of psychologists. Traditional gender roles and attitudes towards women play an important role in addressing stalking and gender-based violence. In the study, the concepts of rape were associated with sexist attitudes. In order to prevent stalking, an analysis of ambivalent sexism was conducted and it was planned to change the stalker's thinking.
ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLAINT AS AN INSTITUTE OF LAW
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Persheyev Alisher , Issayeva Ainur , Nuritdinova Ainur
Published: July 2024

The article considers an integral part of society as an institute of administrative law arising from social relations in ordinary life. The aspects of the elements of administrative justice are considered and studied. Necessary facts affecting the emergence of this institute of law are established. Procedural peculiarities of consideration of administrative case, relations that are the subject of administrative case are categorized. The concepts of administrative appeal and the concept of administrative claim are studied in detail and their differences are stipulated. The peculiarities of the order of consideration of classification types of complaints are stated. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of administrative appeal as a mechanism of legal protection by analyzing normative legal acts, judicial practice and international standards and practices. This study takes a comprehensive approach, including analysis of legislation and judicial practice, as well as comparative legal analysis between countries. This work is important in order to better understand the role of administrative appeal in our legal system. In addition, the practical significance of the work lies in the use of its conclusions to improve legislation and optimize administrative procedures. The contribution of the institute of administrative appeal in ensuring human rights and freedoms and its difference from administrative lawsuit is determined. It is studied that administrative appeal as an institute of law is the only special system, which realizes a special function, inseparable in social relations, relations between the state and the people.
A STRATEGIC VIEW ON THE DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN: RISK ANALYSIS AND CYBER THREATS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Saitbekov Aidar , Sagynbekova Gulnar , Kegembayeva Zhanar , Alimova Elvira
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the digitalization processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan with an emphasis on identifying and assessing the legal risks and threats associated with them. The research uses the method of foresight analysis, which allows not only to assess the current state of the country's digital infrastructure, but also to predict promising directions for its development in the future. The article focuses on the analysis of the legal aspects of digitalization, including legislative initiatives aimed at regulating the digital space, as well as cybersecurity issues. The authors identify the key risks associated with the growth of cybercrime, data leakage, violation of intellectual property rights and other threats that can significantly affect the success of the digital transformation process in Kazakhstan. The analysis of cybercrime issues includes phishing, fraud using information technology, as well as threats to the state's critically important digital infrastructure. The paper proposes strategies and recommendations to minimize the identified risks and threats, including improving legislation, developing cybersecurity technologies and improving information literacy of the population. They also discuss opportunities for cooperation at the international level in order to share experiences and best practices in the field of digital development and cybersecurity. The authors emphasize the importance of developing integrated approaches to managing digital development, which requires not only technological innovations, but also continuous improvement of the regulatory framework, as well as the formation of a culture of cybersecurity among both users of digital services and representatives of organizations providing these services.
Value for money of reusable versus disposable ophthalmic instruments for intravitreal injections
Authors: Sadiq Saghir Ahmed , Winsloe Sarah
Published: July 2024

aim: The aim of this study was to follow the instruments’ pathways and cost each segment to calculate whether reusable or disposable ophthalmic instruments offer better value for money for intravitreal injections. methods: The cycles and costs of reusable and single-use disposable instruments used for intravitreal injections were mapped out, including purchase costs, transport to and from the place of use, opening and disposal, sterilisation, replacement, salary costs of staff involved, etc. results: The cost of using reusable instruments for intravitreal injections (NZ$29.00) was lower than the cost of using disposable instruments ($30.51) by $1.51 per patient. conclusions: Intravitreal injections performed with reusable instruments offer better value for money than when performed with disposable instruments. This equates to a beneficial financial saving just for this one low-complexity case. Such savings can multiply significantly when considering the instruments used in a wider variety of ophthalmic procedures. There are of course trade-offs between safety, quality, cost and sustainability.
Predicting the dynamics of heart rate variability in patients with type 1 diabetes against improving glycemic control
Authors: Pertseva N.O. , Moshenets K.I.
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study: to analyze the effect of improvement of glycemic control on heart rate variability changes in patients with type 1 diabetes against the background of insulin therapy correction and to predict this dynamics based on the parameters of continuous glucose monitoring. We examined 49 patients with the level of glycosylated hemoglobin ≥7% and <10% without late diabetic complications. The average age – 32.0 (21.5; 38.0) years, the average disease duration – 9.5 (5.0; 17.5) years. The study was based on the simultaneous registration of heart rate variability and continuous glucose monitoring before and 3 months after correction of insulin therapy. Logistic regression analysis and ROC-analysis were used to predict the changes. After 3 months, the patients had significant decrease in the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, glycose variability, and a decrease in the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes. Heart rate variability increased in 73.5% of persons. The presence of hypoglycemia, standard deviation of blood glucose levels and glomerular filtration rate after treatment turned out to be prognostic factors for the predicting improvement in heart rate variability (the proportion of correct prediction of the patient's actual belonging to one or another prognostic group was 76.39%). Based on the calculation of the theoretical values of the positive result probability using the logistic equation, a detailed scale for predicting changes in heart rhythm variability for type 1 diabetes patients was proposed: up to 0.07 – a low probability of a positive result; 0.07-0.29 – the probability of a positive result is below average; 0.29-0.51 – a moderate probability of a positive result; 0.51-0.90 – high probability of a positive result; more than 0.90 – a very high probability of a positive result. We found that improvement of glycemic control leads to an increase in both frequency and time characteristics of heart rate variability. The increase in the likelihood of improvement of heart rate variability in patients with type 1 diabetes was more likely to be associated with reduced glycose variability and fewer hypoglycemic episodes. We developed a predictive mathematical model of heart rate variability based on the continuous glucose monitoring parameters for type 1 diabetes with sensitivity of 88.0% and specificity 68.18%, AUC 0.739 (p=0.001).
Study of the neuroprotective properties of metformin in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Holubiev V.L. , Oberemok M.H. , Tkachenko V.A. , Kharchenko Yu.V. , Bondarenko O.O. , Lievykh A.E. , Zhyliuk V.I.
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to study the effect of metformin (Met) on the formation of the conditional passive avoidance skills, markers of neurogenesis and oxidative stress in the brain of rats with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the setting of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in rats via the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA), ICH – by microinjection of bacterial collagenase into the striatum. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1 – intact animals (n=8), 2 – T2DM (n=9); 3 – T2DM+ICH (n=7); 4 – T2DM+ICH+Met (n=7). The passive avoidance test was used to evaluate behavioural activity. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and lactate were measured by spectrophotometry, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by quantitative fluorescence, level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histopathological examination was performed using general histological staining techniques and immunohistochemical methods for assessment of expression of endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS), Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43), Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), neural cadherine (N-cadherine) and vascular endothelial cadherine (VE-cadherine). In this study, metformin had nootropic (anti-amnestic) activity and decreased oxidative stress markers (AGEs, AOPPs and 8-OHdG) levels by 29.1% (p<0.001), 24.9% (p<0.015) and 29.3% (p<0.05) respectively, which indicates its positive impact on the course of free radical oxidation reactions intensified by both diabetes and intracerebral hemorrhage. The study provides additional information on neuroprotective properties of metformin and the emphasizes possibility of using metformin in diabetic patients at risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Considering the increase in VE-cadherin expression by the drug, it is possible to predict its positive effect on the function of blood-brain barrier. This study may serve as a reference for the feasibility of studying the clinical efficacy of metformin under these conditions.
Innovation and Practice of Psychological Health Education for Applied College Students from the Perspective of “Three Comprehensive Education”
Authors: Xian Yuning , Zhang Juan , Mao Mao
Published: July 2024

Promote science popularization, improve parents, teachers and all sectors of society’s awareness and emphasis on students’ mental health, create a good social atmosphere of “Everyone pays attention to psychology health”, based on the school running process and training positioning of local application-oriented universities, combined with the source of students of our university and the actual work of the mental health guidance center, summarize and analyze the difficulties and countermeasures of current mental health education, and carry out the exploration and practice of the construction of our school’s “Three Comprehensive Education” mental health education mechanism from the aspects of system construction, system guarantee, team construction, teaching reform, activity innovation, home school interaction, digital empowerment, so as to cultivate talents for the new era of Chinese path to modernization construction and provide mental health for similar universities while educating people and provide experience for reference.
Exploration of Innovative Teaching Paths in the Classroom of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History”
Authors: Jiang Tiexin , Wang Yi , Li Jia
Published: July 2024

The purpose of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History” is to help college students grasp the entire process of historical development, summarize experiences correctly, understand the national history and conditions, deeply understand why history and the people made the “four choices,” and stimulate their patriotism, national pride and self-confidence. This article is based on the reform of multimedia teaching methods and carries out the construction of the “Outline” course from six dimensions: improving teaching methods, strengthening teaching material construction, improving online teaching, extracurricular training mode, strengthening teacher team construction and reforming the examination system. Efforts are made to build this course into a high-quality course, making it a course that college students truly love and benefit from.
Research on the Practice Path of Public Physical Education Courses in Private Universities under the Concept of Ideological and Political Education in the New Era Curriculum
Authors: Shen Fangzhou , Yang Haiyan
Published: July 2024

With the continuous improvement of China’s education system, private higher education has also entered a period of rapid development. The number and quality of private universities are significantly increasing. This article explores the development of physical education in private universities against the background of their rapid development. This article first explores the policy documents of physical education in universities, analyzes the key points of public physical education curriculum reform in universities, and finally analyzes the effective paths of physical education curriculum reform in universities. It is hoped that through text analysis and research, some reference can be provided for the reform of public physical education curriculum in private universities under the new era of curriculum ideological and political concepts.
Exploring the Path of Integrating the Spirit of Craftsmanship into Ideological and Political Education in Higher Vocational Education in the New Era
Authors: Liu Chunmei
Published: July 2024

The social demand for “craftsman-type” talents in the new era has put forward new requirements for ideological and political education in vocational colleges. This article explores the connotation of craftsmanship spirit, the contemporary value and practical significance of craftsmanship spirit education and the effective path of integrating craftsmanship spirit into vocational, ideological and political education.
Development of a Sports Safety Promotion Framework Based on KABP Theory and 4M Management
Authors: Hu Duoyang , Mu Di
Published: July 2024

This study explores the significance, current research landscape, and conceptualization of sports safety promotion. Safety in sports is fundamental to youth physical activities, and an excessive focus on or neglect of safety is unwarranted. Globally, numerous countries have extensively researched sports safety promotion and implemented diverse strategies. Drawing from KABP (Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Practice) theory and 4M (Man, Machine, Medium, Management) management, this paper presents a conceptual framework for sports safety promotion. It integrates these theories to devise a comprehensive accident prevention model within a sports safety promotion system. The framework prioritizes enhancing students’ safety literacy and underscores the practical application of safety knowledge and skills in simulated sports settings following structured safety education. It aims to enhance students’ competency and proficiency in averting sports-related injuries.
Application Strategies of Virtual Reality Technology in the Teaching Design of Vocational Courses from the Perspective of Learning Transfer Theory
Authors: Gong Shuyu
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of virtual reality technology, it has been widely used in the field of education. It can promote the development of learning transfer, which is an effective method for learners to learn effectively. Therefore, this paper describes how to use virtual reality technology to achieve learning transfer in order to achieve teaching goals and improve learning efficiency.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Talent Training Model for Modern Rehabilitation Therapy Technology: A Case Study of School Y
Authors: Yan Wei , Hu Chunxia , Zhao Surui , Wang Chen
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the modern training model of rehabilitation therapy technology talents. Selecting the third-year students of the rehabilitation therapy technology program in School Y as the research subject, 300 questionnaires were collected and the effective response rate was 92%. The strengths and weaknesses of the modern training model were analyzed through a mixed qualitative and quantitative research method. It was found that 68% of the students thought that the modern model had obvious advantages in practical teaching, but 42% of the students thought that it still needed to be improved in personalized teaching. This study provides an empirical basis and specific suggestions for optimizing the cultivation of rehabilitation therapy technology talents.
Caracterización mecánica in vivo de aortas ascendentes a partir de imágenes por resonancia magnética
Authors: Latorre Molins Álvaro Tomás , Guala Andrea , Dux-Santoy Hurtado Lydia , Teixidó Turà Gisela , Rodríguez Palomares José Fernando , Martinez Barca Miguel Ángel , Peña Baquedano Estefanía
Published: July 2024

El aneurisma aórtico ascendente es una patología normalmente asintomática pero mortal, por lo que requiere seguimiento temprano para evitar graves complicaciones. En este trabajo, presentamos una metodología para obtener la geometría aórtica ascendente despresurizada y sus propiedades anisótropas no lineales a partir de imagen médica.
Exploring cleaner routes of Alumina Production: Thermodynamic Simulation of Pedersen Process and CO2 Capture Integration via Calcium Looping
Authors: Sáez-Guinoa Javier , Romeo Luis Miguel , Llera Sastresa Eva
Published: July 2024

Alumina industry stands out as a significant contributor to mineral scarcity because of the generation of bauxite residue during its production process. This study explores an alternative route to produce alumina: the Pedersen process. A thermodynamic simulation and an energy optimization are implemented to avoid bauxite residues and reach the goal of zero CO2 emissions.
Neural Reconstruction Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging
Authors: Rodriguez-Sanz Salvador , Gutiérrez Pérez Diego , Redo-Sanchez Albert
Published: July 2024

Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging (NLOS) addresses the challenge of capturing a scene which is not directly visible from a sensor line-of-sight, obscured by an occluder. This work uses time-of-flight formulation to propose a learning-based method that represents implicitly the hidden scene partially disambiguated by transient imaging and explores new visibility features coherent with this representation.
Evaluación de la pérdida de suelo post-incendio debido a lluvias extremas utilizando modelos HPC basados en física e imágenes satelitales
Authors: Segovia-Burillo Jose , Martínez-Aranda Sergio , Gaspar Leticia , Navas Ana , Caviedes-Voullième Daniel , García-Navarro Pilar
Published: July 2024

El actual escenario de cambio climático hace fundamental la investigación de fenómenos como la erosión y la pérdida de suelo. El aumento del número y la severidad de los incendios forestales afecta significativamente a los fenómenos de erosión siendo objeto de nuestro interés. El proyecto busca acoplar un modelo de erosión realista, capaz de reproducir variaciones en escenarios post-incendio a los simuladores hidrodinámicos.
Modelado híbrido del entorno tumoral del glioblastoma en condiciones hipóxicas
Authors: Palos-Luzón Lucía , Pérez-Aliacar Marina , Doblaré Castellano Manuel
Published: July 2024

Los modelos matemáticos o in silico han demostrado ser de gran utilidad en la investigación del cáncer. En este trabajo, se presenta un modelo híbrido para la simulación del entorno del glioblastoma. El objetivo es señalar las ventajas que ofrecen estos modelos para abordar este problema con respecto a los modelos continuos y discretos.
Estrategias de descontaminación de polietileno de baja densidad reciclado (rLDPE) para su uso en contacto alimentario
Authors: Pérez Bondía Estela , Aznar Ramos Margarita , Duarte Clemente Mario , Nerín de la Puerta Cristina
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se llevó a cabo la evaluación de nuevos enfoques de descontaminación de polietileno de baja densidad postconsumo para su posible implementación como envase alimentario. Para ello se identificó su composición en volátiles antes y después del tratamiento de descontamianción.