bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vertical aerosol particle exchange in the marine boundary layer estimated from helicopter-borne measurements in the Azores region
Authors: Lückerath Janine , Held Andreas , Siebert Holger , Michalkow Michel , Wehner Birgit
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Aerosol particles are important for radiation effects, cloud formation, and therefore the climate system. A detailed understanding of the spatial distribution of aerosol particles within the atmospheric boundary layer, which depends on sources and sinks, as well as long-range transport and vertical exchange, is important. Especially in marine regions, where the climate effect of clouds is comparably high, long-range transport with subsequent vertical mixing dominates over local aerosol sources. In this study, three different methods were applied to estimate the vertical aerosol particle flux in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and the vertical exchange between the MBL and the free troposphere (FT): eddy covariance (EC), flux–gradient similarity (K theory), and the mixed-layer gradient method (MLG). For the first time, MBL aerosol fluxes derived from these three methods were compared in the framework of the “Azores Stratocumulus Measurements of Radiation, Turbulence and Aerosols” (ACORES) field campaign in the Azores region in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean in July 2017. Meteorological parameters and aerosol and cloud properties were measured in the marine troposphere using the helicopter-borne measurement platform ACTOS (Airborne Cloud Turbulence Observation System). All three methods were applied to estimate the net particle exchange between MBL and FT. In many cases, the entrainment fluxes of the MLG method agreed within the range of uncertainty with the EC and K-theory flux estimates close to the top of the MBL, while the surface flux estimates of the different methods diverged. It was not possible to measure directly above the surface with the helicopter-borne payload, which might be a source of uncertainty in the surface fluxes. The observed particle fluxes at the top of the MBL ranged from 0 to 10×106 m−2 s−1 both in the upward and the downward direction, and the associated uncertainties were on the same order of magnitude. Even though the uncertainties of all three methods are considerable, the results of this study contribute to an improved understanding of the transport of particles between the MBL and FT and their distribution in the MBL.
Polarization performance simulation for the GeoXO atmospheric composition instrument: NO2 retrieval impacts
Authors: Pearlman Aaron , Cook Monica , Efremova Boryana , Padula Francis , Lamsal Lok , McCorkel Joel , Joiner Joanna
Published: August 2022

Abstract. NOAA's Geostationary Extended Observations (GeoXO) constellation will continue and expand on the capabilities of the current generation of geostationary satellite systems to support US weather, ocean, atmosphere, and climate operations. It is planned to consist of a dedicated atmospheric composition instrument (ACX) to support air quality forecasting and monitoring by providing capabilities similar to missions such as TEMPO (Tropospheric Emission: Monitoring Pollution), currently planned to launch in 2023, as well as OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument), TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument), and GEMS (Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer) currently in operation. As the early phases of ACX development are progressing, design trade-offs are being considered to understand the relationship between instrument design choices and trace gas retrieval impacts. Some of these choices will affect the instrument polarization sensitivity (PS), which can have radiometric impacts on environmental satellite observations. We conducted a study to investigate how such radiometric impacts can affect NO2 retrievals by exploring their sensitivities to time of day, location, and scene type with an ACX instrument model that incorporates PS. The study addresses the basic steps of operational NO2 retrievals: the spectral fitting step and the conversion of slant column to vertical column via the air mass factor (AMF). The spectral fitting step was performed by generating at-sensor radiance from a clear-sky scene with a known NO2 amount, the application of an instrument model including both instrument PS and noise, and a physical retrieval. The spectral fitting step was found to mitigate the impacts of instrument PS. The AMF-related step was considered for clear-sky and partially cloudy scenes, for which instrument PS can lead to errors in interpreting the cloud content, propagating to AMF errors and finally to NO2 retrieval errors. For this step, the NO2 retrieval impacts were small but non-negligible for high NO2 amounts; we estimated that a typical high NO2 amount can cause a maximum retrieval error of 0.25×1015 molec. cm−2 for a PS of 5 %. These simulation capabilities were designed to aid in the development of a GeoXO atmospheric composition instrument that will improve our ability to monitor and understand the Earth's atmosphere.
Combining short-range dispersion simulations with fine-scale meteorological ensembles: probabilistic indicators and evaluation during a 85Kr field campaign
Authors: El-Ouartassy Youness , Korsakissok Irène , Plu Matthieu , Connan Olivier , Descamps Laurent , Raynaud Laure
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Numerical models of atmospheric dispersion are used for predicting the health and environmental consequences of nuclear accidents, in order to anticipate the countermeasures necessary to protect the populations. However, the simulations of these models suffer from significant uncertainties, arising in particular from input data: weather conditions and source term. To characterize weather uncertainties, it is essential to combine a well-known source term data and meteorological ensembles to generate ensemble dispersion simulations which has the potential to produce different possible scenarios of radionuclides dispersion during emergency situations. In this study, the fine-scale operational weather ensemble AROME-EPS from Météo-France is coupled to the Gaussian puff model pX developed by French Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN). The source term data is provided by Orano La Hague reprocessing plant (RP) that regularly discharges 85Kr during the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing process. Then, to evaluate the dispersion results, a continuous measurement campaign of 85Kr air concentration was recently conducted by the Laboratory of Radioecology in Cherbourg (LRC) of IRSN, around RP in the North-Cotentin peninsula. This paper presents a probabilistic approach to study the meteorological uncertainties in dispersion simulations at local and medium distances (2–20 km). As first step, the quality of AROME-EPS forecasts is confirmed by comparison with observations from both Météo-France and IRSN. The following step is to assess the probabilistic performance of the dispersion ensemble simulation, as well as the sensitivity of dispersion results to the method used to calculate atmospheric stability fields and their associated dispersion Gaussian standard deviations. Two probabilistic scores are used: Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and Peirce Skill Score (PSS). The results show that the stability diagnostics of Pasquill provides better dispersion simulations. In addition, the ensemble dispersion performs better than deterministic one, and the optimum decision threshold (PSS maximum) is 3 members. These results highlight the added value of ensemble forecasts compared to a single deterministic one, and their potential interest in the decision process during crisis situations.
Deep learning models for generation of precipitation maps based on Numerical Weather Prediction
Authors: Rojas-Campos Adrian , Langguth Michael , Wittenbrink Martin , Pipa Gordon
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Numerical Weather Prediction models (NWP) are atmospheric simulations that imitate the dynamics of the atmosphere and provide high-quality forecasts. One of the most significant limitations of NWP is the elevated amount of computational resources required for its functioning, which limits the spatial and temporal resolution of the outputs. Traditional meteorological techniques to increase the resolution are based uniquely on information from a limited group of interest variables. In this study, we offer an alternative approach to the task where we generate precipitation maps based on the complete set of variables of the NWP to generate high-resolution and short-time precipitation predictions. To achieve this, five different deep learning models were trained and evaluated: baseline, U-Net, two deconvolutional networks, and one conditional generative model (CGAN). A total of 20 independent random initializations were performed for each of the models. The predictions were evaluated using MAE and LEPS-based skill scores, ETS, CSI, and frequency bias after applying several thresholds. The models showed a significant improvement in predicting precipitation showing the benefits of including the complete information from the NWP. The algorithms increased the resolution of the predictions and corrected an over-forecast bias from the input information. However, some new models presented new types of bias: U-Net tended to mid-range precipitation events, and the deconvolutional models favored low rain events and generated some spatial smoothing. The CGAN offered the highest quality precipitation forecast generating realistic outputs and indicating possible future research paths.
Retrieval of Atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 from High-resolution FTIR Observations at Hefei and Comparisons with Satellite Data
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Wang Wei , Liu Cheng , Shan Changgong , Xie Yu , Wu Peng , Zhu Qianqian , Polyakov Alexander
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Synthetic halogenated organic chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) play an important role in stratospheric ozone depletion, and contribute signiﬁcantly to the greenhouse effect. In this work, the mid-infrared solar spectra measured by ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to retrieve atmospheric CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-12 (CCl2F2) at Hefei, China. We implemented a new retrieval strategy, and analyzed the retrieval errors. The CFC-11 columns observed from January 2017 to December 2020 and CFC-12 columns from September 2015 to December 2020 show a similar annual decreasing trend and seasonal cycle, with an annual rate of (−0.47 % ± 0.16) % yr−1 and (−0.79 ± 0.31) % yr−1, respectively. CFC-11 total columns were higher in summer, and CFC-12 total columns were higher in summer and autumn. Both of CFC-11 and CFC-12 total columns reached the lowest in spring. The annual decreasing rate of near-surface concentration is (−0.60 ± 0.26) % y−1 for CFC-11, and (−0.81 ± 0.25) % y−1 for CFC-12. So the decline rate of CFC-11 is significantly lower than that of CFC-12. Further, FTIR data were compared with the ACE-FTS satellite data, WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model) data and the data from other NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station. The mean relative difference between the vertical profiles observed by FTIR and ACE-FTS is (−5.6 ± 3.3) % and (4.8 ± 0.9) % for CFC-11 and CFC-12 for altitude from 5.5 to 17.5 km, respectively. The results demonstrate our FTIR data agree relatively well with the ACE-FTS satellite data. The annual decreasing rate of CFC-11 measured from ACE-FTS and calculated by WACCM are (−1.15 ± 0.22) % and (−1.68 ± 0.18) %, respectively. The interannual decreasing rates of atmospheric CFC-11 obtained from ACE-FTS and WACCM data are higher than that from FTIR observations. Also, the annual decreasing rate of CFC-12 from ACE-FTS and WACCM is (–0.85 ± 0.15) % and (–0.81 ± 0.05) %, respectively, close to the corresponding values from the FTIR measurements. Further, the total columns of CFC-11 observed at the Hefei site are very close to those at St. Petersburg station, with a mean difference of 3.63 × 1012 molec·cm-2, while the total columns of CFC-12 are 1.69 × 1014 molec·cm-2, slightly higher than those at St. Petersburg station.
Open Data at ECMWF
Authors: Pidduck Emma , Bennett Victoria , Yang Xiaobo , Kuilman Maartje , Parodi Ilaria
Published: August 2022

As the world focuses its efforts on understanding and mitigating the impacts of climate change, historical and predictive weather and climate data have become critical inputs by a broad user base, ranging from policy and decision-makers, local and national governments, private sector entities, as well as the public. The potential consequences of not making full use of this data can have a devastating effect in terms of loss of and disruption to life, but also financially. In 2021, it is estimated that natural disasters led to damages and losses of US$343 billion, of which European flooding events contributed US$13bn alone. Of these, the ten most costly events caused 9,500 deaths.

ECMWF products and weather data in general contribute to a broad range of activities by service providers, and their use enables and enhances the protection of life and property by National Weather Services and humanitarian agencies. The broad reach, use and significance of the information require that data and derived outputs are communicated effectively, promptly, and without restriction wherever possible.

Open data has been recognised as one of the main tools to maximise the socio-economic benefits of investments in weather and climate data production and forms a key part of the ECMWF Strategy between now and 2030. To realise the full potential of open policies, data need to be easily accessible and with the appropriate supporting information to allow users to derive information and form valuable conclusions.

This presentation highlights the ECMWF roadmap for the transition to open data, including a summary of recent changes to data policy and data access methods, as well as the proposed changes in the coming years, such as new open datasets and reductions in the cost of data. The challenges associated with the transition are also presented.
Sub-mesoscale observations of convective cold pools with a dense station network in Hamburg, Germany
Authors: Kirsch Bastian , Hohenegger Cathy , Klocke Daniel , Senke Rainer , Offermann Michael , Ament Felix
Published: August 2022

Abstract. From June to August 2020, an observational network of 103 meteorological ground-based stations
covered the greater area (50 km × 35 km) of Hamburg (Germany) as part
of the Field Experiment on Sub-mesoscale Spatio-Temporal variability at Hanseatic city of
Hamburg (FESST@HH). The purpose of the experiment was to shed light
on the sub-mesoscale (𝒪(100) m–𝒪(10) km) structure of
convective cold pools that typically remain under-resolved in operational networks. During the
experiment, 82 custom-built, low-cost APOLLO (Autonomous cold POoL LOgger) stations sampled air temperature
and pressure with fast-response sensors at 1 s resolution to adequately capture the strong and rapid
perturbations associated with propagating cold pool fronts. A secondary network of 21 weather stations
with commercial sensors provided additional information on relative humidity, wind speed, and
precipitation at 10 s resolution. The realization of the experiment during the COVID-19 pandemic
was facilitated by a large number of volunteers who provided measurement sites on their premises and
supported station maintenance. This article introduces the novel type of autonomously operating
instruments, their measurement characteristics, and the FESST@HH data set
(https://doi.org/10.25592/UHHFDM.10172; Kirsch et al., 2021b). A case study demonstrates that the
network is capable of mapping the horizontal structure of the temperature signal inside a cold pool,
and quantifying a cold pool's size and propagation velocity throughout its
life cycle. Beyond its primary purpose, the data set offers new insights into the spatial and
temporal characteristics of the nocturnal urban heat island and variations of turbulent temperature
fluctuations associated with different urban and natural environments.
Daedalus Ionospheric Profile Continuation (DIPCont)
Authors: Vogt Joachim , Marghitu Octav , Blagau Adrian , Pick Leonie , Stachlys Nele , Buchert Stephan , Sarris Theodoros , Tourgaidis Stelios , Balafoutis Thanasis , Baloukidis Dimitrios , Pirnaris Panagiotis
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The Daedalus Ionospheric Profile Continuation (DIPCont) project is concerned with the question how in situ measurements in the lower thermosphere and ionosphere (LTI) can be extrapolated using parametric models of observables and derived variables. To reflect the pronounced change of temperature across the LTI, non-isothermal models for neutral density and also electron density are constructed from scale height profiles that increase linearly with altitude. Ensembles of model parameters are created by means of Monte Carlo simulations using synthetic measurements based on model predictions and relative uncertainties as specified in the Daedalus Report for Assessment. The parameter ensembles give rise to ensembles of model altitude profiles for LTI variables of interest. Extrapolation quality is quantified by statistics derived from the altitude profile ensembles. The vertical extent of meaningful profile continuation is captured by the concept of extrapolation horizons defined as the boundaries of regions where the deviations remain below a prescribed error threshold. The methodology allows for assessing how cost-critical elements of the Daedalus mission proposal such as perigee and apogee distances as major factors controling the necessary amount of propellant and radiation shielding, respectively, affect the accuracy of scientific inference in the LTI. First results are presented for dual-satellite measurements at different inter-spacecraft distances but also for the single-satellite case to compare the two basic mission scenarios under consideration. DIPCont models and procedures are implemented in a collection of Python modules and Jupyter notebooks supplementing this report.
Multi-array analysis of volcano-seismic signals at Fogo and Brava, Cape Verde
Authors: Leva Carola , Rümpker Georg , Wölbern Ingo
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Seismic arrays provide tools for the localization of events
without clear phases or events outside the network, where the station
coverage prohibits classical localization techniques. Beam forming allows the
determination of the direction (back azimuth) and horizontal (apparent)
velocity of an incoming wavefront. Here we combine multiple arrays to
retrieve event epicentres from the area of intersecting beams without the
need to specify a velocity model. The analysis is performed in the time
domain, which allows selecting a relatively narrow time window around the
phase of interest while preserving frequency bandwidth. This technique is
applied to earthquakes and hybrid events in the region of Fogo and Brava,
two islands of the southern chain of the Cape Verde archipelago. The results
show that the earthquakes mainly originate near Brava, whereas the hybrid
events are located on Fogo. By multiple-event beam stacking we are able to
further constrain the epicentral locations of the hybrid events in the
northwestern part of the collapse scar of Fogo. In previous studies, these
events were attributed to shallow hydrothermal processes. However, we obtain
relatively high apparent velocities at the arrays, pointing to either deeper
sources or complex ray paths. For a better understanding of possible
errors of the multi-array analysis, we also compare slowness values obtained
from the array analysis with those derived from earthquake locations from
classical (local network) localizations. In general, the results agree well.
Nevertheless, some systematic deviations of the array-derived
back-azimuth and slowness values occur that can be quantified for certain event
locations.
Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control
Authors: Nanos Emmanouil M. , Bottasso Carlo L. , Tamaro Simone , Manolas Dimitris I. , Riziotis Vasilis A.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of vertical wake steering for floating turbines by differential ballast control. This new concept is
based on the idea of pitching the floater with respect to the water surface, thereby achieving a desired tilt of the turbine rotor disk. The pitch attitude is controlled by moving water ballast among the columns of the floater. This study considers the application of differential ballast control to a conceptual 10 MW wind turbine installed on two platforms, differing in size, weight, and geometry. The analysis considers the following: (a) the aerodynamic effects caused by rotor tilt on the power capture of the wake-steering
turbine and at various downstream distances in its wake; (b) the effects of tilting on fatigue and ultimate loads, limitedly to one of the two
turbine-platform layouts; and (c) for both configurations, the necessary amount of water movement, the time to achieve a desired attitude, and the
associated energy expenditure. Results indicate that – in accordance with previous research – steering the wake towards the sea surface leads to larger power gains than steering
it towards the sky. Limitedly to the structural analysis conducted on one of the turbine-platform configurations, it appears that these gains can be
obtained with only minor effects on loads, assuming a cautious application of vertical steering only in benign ambient conditions. Additionally, it
is found that rotor tilt can be achieved on the order of minutes for the lighter of the two configurations, with reasonable water ballast movements. Although the analysis is preliminary and limited to the specific cases considered here, results seem to suggest that the concept is not unrealistic and should be further investigated as a possible means to achieve variable tilt control for vertical wake steering in floating turbines.
Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT-Internet of Things) Tabanlı Dijitalleşme Uygulamaları ile Müşteri Yönlü Deneyimsel Değer Yaklaşımları: Hazır Giyim Perakende Sektörü Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KAYA Bektaş Alican , VENTURA Keti
Published: August 2022

The consumers have begun to give more importance to the experiences and experiential values they will have when purchasing products or services than their consumption with the effects of the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution as well as growing number of young generations. As in many sectors, digitalization has become a necessity rather than a choice in the apparel retail sector, with factors such as increasing diversity in products and services, decreasing customer loyalty, consumers evaluation of online and offline channels as a whole, and the increasing number of devices connected to the Internet day by day. It has become very important for companies to offer unique experiential values with creative and innovative applications using IoT technology to transform consumers into real customers. In this context, the aim of the research is; to explore the experiential value approaches that apparel companies take with IoT-based digitalization applications and their reflections on their business processes. In this research qualitative research method was used and in-depth interviews were conducted with four companies operating in national and international markets in Turkey on the basis of market share, target market, and business processes. As a sampling method, within purposive sampling, critical situation sampling was used. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive analysis. In the research, it was concluded that the benefits of digitalization and IoT-based experiential value practices for growth, development, sustainability, and competitive advantage in the apparel sector have important repercussions for customer satisfaction and loyalty. Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Experience, Experiential Value, Digitalization, Apparel Industry
دعوى منطَقة الدرس الأصولي عند الغزالي، مراجعة وتبيّن
Authors: Shahid Al-Hassan
Published: August 2022

تنظر هذه الورقة في إمكانات تجسير المنهاج المقاصدي الصلة بين الخطاب الشرعي والواقع البشري وحدوده، سواء تعلق الأمر بالقضايا الجزئية ذات البعد الفردي، أو الكلية ذات البعد الجماعي، أو العامة العالمية ذات البعد الإنساني. مستندة في ذلك إلى مسلّمة تجاوز اعتبار النظر المقاصدي لحدوده الحُكمية الفقهية المخصوصة، ومتعدٍّ إلى آفاقه الحِكمية والمعرفية. وذلك عبر أربعة مداخل، أو مقتضيات لتحرير الإشكال، أولها: مقتضى فقه التأصيل: وذلك من جانبين: أحدهما: التجسير بين المقاصد، وما لازمها من علوم يتعذر إغفالها، كالفقه والأصول، والآخر: جانب التنظير المفتوح على ثلاثي العلم والمنهج والمعرفة، والثاني: مقتضى فقه التنزيل: ببيان تحقيق المناط في أبعاده الجزئية والكلية والسياقية، والثالث: مقتضى فقه التكميل، ببحثه وفق جهتين، أولهما: الاستمداد، أي طلب المدد مما يليق من مناهج خادمة ومعارف نافعة، وثانيهما الإمداد، بما توفر في العقل المقاصدي من فوائد وخدمات علمية. والمقتضى الأخير: وهو مقتضى فقه التشغيل، بالتفكر في ممكنات تفعيل المنهاج المقاصدي في مواقع الوجود بحدوده الأدنى، قبل استيفاء شروط التمَكُّن الأعلى.
مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية وتطبيقاتها في الفكر الإصلاحي المغربي علال الفاسي أنموذجا
Authors: Al-Senhaji Al-Zohra
Published: August 2022

تناول هذا المقال قضية من أهم القضايا التي شغلت الفكر الإصلاحي المغربي الحديث، وهي قضية الاجتهاد المقاصدي في القضايا والنوازل المستجدة، التي فرضها ذلك اللقاء الاستعماري الاستعلائي الغربي بالأمة المغربية. حاول هذا المقال إبراز الوعي المقاصدي، الذي انطلق من التفكير في ضرورة العمل لتحقيق النهوض بأوضاع البلاد؛ الاجتماعية والسياسية والاقتصادية والعلمية التي هي أساس تحقيق مقصد التحضر، وعمارة الأرض والتمكين للمسلمين. لقد دعت النخبة المغربية العالمة، وعلى رأسها المقاصدي الكبير والمفكر السلفي المجدد المصلح علال الفاسي إلى ضرورة تطوير عملية الاجتهاد في الفقه الإسلامي، المبني على مقاصد الشريع، بل اعتبره الوسيلة الأنسب لمسايرة الحياة المتجددة المتغيرة، مبرزا الأساس المقاصدي في الإصلاح والتجديد والتغيير في مجالات متعددة. وتتبع الدراسة المنهج الوصفي والتاريخي والإستنباطي للخلوص إلى نتائج يمكن أن تكون أرضية لبناء نظرية إصلاحية مقاصدية.
المقاصد وتحديات الحداثة
Authors: Hallaq Wael B. , Mohadi Mawloud
Published: August 2022

ثمة خصيصة مركزية اتسم بها الخطاب الإسلامي العام على مدى العقود الثلاثة الماضية بالدعوة إلى تمكين الشريعة الإسلامية بشكل أو بآخر. فقد اقترح بعض الإصلاحيين أساسًا نظريًا جديدًا لاستعادة الشريعة، داعين إلى تبني مفاهيم تأسيسية لا تحمل سوى تشابهًا ضئيلًا مع مفاهيم فترة ما قبل الحداثة. وهنا، يطرأ بشكل اضطراري لا انفكاك عنه تساؤل مركزي حول هذه المعضلة: ما هي السردية التي يجب اعتمادها لتكون تجليًا للشريعة التاريخية، أي الشريعة التي سادت حتى الطليعة الأولى من القرن التاسع عشر؟ وإذا كانت السردية الكولونيالية بحكم الواقع مبرمجة وغائية، وإذا كانت ومازالت تخدم أغراض الجميع باستثناء أغراض تلك الأغلبية المهمشة والثانوية، فما هي إذا السردية الأخرى المطلوب تبنيها في مشروع بناء معايشة جديدة؟ وإذا كانت الأصوات الفقهية الأصولية للأغلبية المهمشة والثانوية ستتدافع ملبية من أجل الخوض بجدية في هذا المشروع، كيف يمكننا تمثيلهم، إذا تمكنا من ذلك أصلا؟ وإذا لم نتمكن من ذلك، فأي مأزق معرفي هذا؟ وأي لغز محير هذا الذي يلقي بظلاله على الباحث المتميز والإصلاحي والمفكر؟ هذه الورقة لا تقدم إجابات على هذه الأسئلة، ولكنها بالأحرى تتناول الإشكالات التي تثيرها هذه الأسئلة ومسائل أخرى متعلقة بالاشتباك مع تحديات تقديم نموذج أو أكثر للشريعة الإسلامية في الوضع الإسلامي المعاصر.
حوار مع الدكتور أحمد الريسوني
Authors: Al-Raissouni Ahmad
Published: August 2022

مجلة دراسات مقاصدية معاصرة: نشكر الدكتور أحمد الريسوني على موافقته إنجاز حوار مختصر لفائدة مجلة دراسات مقاصدية معاصرة، ونسعى من خلال هذا الحوار أن نضع الأصبع على مجموعة من الإشكالات التي ترتبط بعلمي الأصول والمقاصد.
يعد الدكتور أحمد الريسوني على رأس الباحثين في المقاصد اليوم، وهو معروف بكتاباته التأصيلية والتأسيسية لعلم المقاصد، كما أشرف الأستاذ على كتاب التجديد الأصولي، إضافة إلى كتابه في تجديد علم أصول الفقه في ضوء مقاصده، مما يجعل الأستاذ متخصصا مدققا وناقدا لكثير من القضايا المعرفية والمنهجية لعلم أصول الفقه والمقاصد.
 
[1] - سنشير إلى مجلة الدراسات المقاصدية المعاصرة التي حاورت الدكتور أحمد الريسوني اختصارا ب: م.د.م.م إشارة إلى اسم المجلة مختصرا في أوائل حروفها.
The Need for Awareness of the Founding Objectives (Maqasid) of Sciences
Authors: Tilout Jamila
Published: August 2022

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Ambroxol vermindert die Hustenfrequenz (tagsüber und nachts) und verbessert dadurch die Konzentrationsfähigkeit und Lebensqualität
Authors: Mueck Tobias
Published: August 2022

Die apothekenbasierte Studie befragte Kunden, die Ambroxol in einer von vier verschiedenen Darreichungsformen gegen akuten Husten angewendet hatten. Die Ergebnisse der Studie verdeutlichen den therapeutischen Nutzen von Ambroxol in der Selbstmedikation des akuten Hustens. Die unterschiedlichen Darreichungsformen zeigen eine vergleichbare Wirksamkeit.
Bovine Herpesvirus-1 antibodies levels and associated Risk Factors in unvaccinated Dairy Herds from tropical wet weather, Ecuador
Authors: Cedeño-Sánchez Hitler , Burgos-García Brinner , Zambrano-Aveiga Jhoana , Jurado-Hidalgo Marcia , Zambrano-Moreira Patricia , Lugo-Almarza María , Farías María Gabriela , Angulo-Cubillán Francisco
Published: August 2022

In order to determine the antibodies levels against Bovine Herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) and associated risk factors in unvaccinated dairy herds of tropical wet weather of Ecuador, an investigation was carried out in thirteen production units (PU), in the Chone Canton, Province of Manabí. The sample size was calculate by cluster sampling and the variables to be evaluated were antibodies levels frequency, age, sex, ocular or vulvovaginal lesions, breed and PU. One hundred eighty three blood samples were taken from the jugular or caudal vein and labeled for transfer to the laboratory. The tubes were centrifuged at 3,220 g for 15 minutes and the sera were transferred to Eppendorf tubes that once labeled were stored at –20°C until processing. Antibodies levels against HBV-1 were measured through of competitive ELISA technique, and calculated with simples statistical. The risk factors were estimated through the Odds ratio and relative risk, and the significance level through the Chi-square. The general antibodies levels frequency was 58.47 %. According age, 28.57 % in animals under two years old (yr.old) and 67.38 % for cattle over two yr.old. According to the sex, males showed 18.18 % and females 82.61 %. The determined risk factors (P<0.05) were age and sex, with a significant relative risk (P<0.05) of 3.31 and 2.32, respectively. The unvaccinated dairy herds of Western lowlands of Ecuador, have high antibodies levels frequency against BHV-1, with females over two yr.old at the highest risk of presenting infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR).
Smile management: White esthetic, pink esthetic and facial attractiveness, a review of literature
Authors: Neda Tajbakhsh  , Farzaneh Delpisheh  , Nikoo Ghadimi  , Shamim Ansari
Published: August 2022

A smile determines whether an individual is happy, pleasant, or laughing. A delicate or pleasant smile can boost the introductory impression in socializing, which consequently increases the approval of a person in the community. Therefore, it is considered a way of communication. Smile aesthetics can be described by many factors, including teeth surrounded by upper and lower lips, the sculpting of the tissue or gums, and the total of gaps and extra spaces. The formation of a perfect smile requires the interaction of many elements with different degrees of significance. Knowledge of the concepts that describe the equilibrium betwixt the dental care provider's knowledge related to aesthetic smile and the individual's perception is necessary. The major aim of this study was to describe various esthetics and methods that contribute to the formation of a perfect smile.
Check the biodiversity of the Lonchaeidae Family (Diptera)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: August 2022

Larvae (Lonchaeidae Family ) are found under the bark of trees, in tunnels made by bark beetles, in decaying wood and other decaying plant material or debris, such as manure. The larvae of some species form galls on plants (including cereals); others live on juicy fruits. Flies are found on tree trunks, stumps, cut wood, leaves, and in grass. Some species are agricultural pests. The aim of this manuscript was to carry out check the biodiversity of the Lonchaeidae Family (Diptera) related to its biogeography, bioecology, habitat, geographic distribution, taxonomy, life cycle, phenology and taxonomic and conceptual aspects of the Family, Subfamilies and Species. To this end, a bibliographic survey of Ichneumonidae was carried out in the years 1937 to 2022. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events, Doctoral Thesis and Master's Dissertation were considered. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Pubmed, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science and ERIC.
BILATERAL INDICATORS OF MOVEMENTS SPATIAL ACCURACY AMONG WOMEN ENGAGED IN HEALTH IMPROVING PHYSICAL CULTURE
Authors: Hakobyan Elena , Chatinyan Ashot
Published: August 2022

Based on the comparison of flexural accuracy data of the forearm through all three ranges of movements among women aged 55-64 almost the same scenery of spatial accuracy was disclosed. Whereas the comparison of indicators associated with the forearm movement performed by women aged 55-64 and 65-75 demonstrated the identical scenery as for the differentiation indicators of bilateral limb movements. The difference between the indicators (errors) of bilateral limbs corresponds to 0.25 and 0.63 grades, while the average of all comparisons makes up 1.12 grades.
It is clearly outlined that health improving physical culture trainings and exercises with both limbs, performed in both clockwise and anti-clockwise direction, contributed to maintaining the forms of movement accuracy in line with the previously shaped grade.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF HAND PLASTICITY AND ABILITY TO CONTROL SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MOVEMENTS AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Kovalyova Anneta
Published: August 2022

The data obtained indicate that schoolchildren of 7-8th classes find it difficult to equally control over the movements with right and left hands in space. Based on the analysis of data pertaining to the plasticity of upper limb movements a low level of parameters studied was disclosed.
The correlation features between the accuracy of movements in the elbow, radiocarpal and metacarpal joints of the right and left hands with two types of wave movements were investigated. In some cases, a weak connection was established between the “hand wave” parameters and the metacarpals kinematometry.
Fracture in the middle of the femoral stem and relevant treatment after the revision total hip arthroplasty: A case report
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Lin , Zhu Xunpeng , Zhang Hui
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains one of the most effective treatments for grievous hip joint diseases. However, with an increase in the number of operations, the incidence of related complications has also increased dramatically. Prosthetic failure is a relatively rare but extremely serious complication. Reports related to this type of complication and the corresponding treatment are rare.

Case Report: Here we report the case of a 63-year-old man, who complained of sudden pain in the right lower limb thigh and was subjected to stem failure without obvious inducement after revision total hip arthroplasty. The patient was discharged from the hospital after undergoing relevant revision surgery, and was satisfied with the recovery at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion: Combining this report with previous literatures, it was not difficult to find that there were many reasons for prosthesis fracture. Therefore, prevention of this kind of complication should be considered in many aspects, to avoid the occurrence of this kind of situation to the greatest extent and improve the effect of surgery.
Diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lymphangioma in an 11-year-old boy with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration: A case report
Authors: Chen Qian , Wang Yun , Wang Jinglin , Hou Wei , Hou Wei , Zou Biao , Cheng Bin
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Pancreatic cystic lymphangioma (PCL) is an extremely rare benign tumor of lymphatic origin. Traditionally, it is diagnosed at surgery performed on a patient with a retroperitoneal cyst of unclear etiology. However, recently a few single case reports showed PCL was successfully diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).
Case Report: We present a new case of PCL in an 11-year-old boy who came to our hospital for swelling of the body. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a 7.7×4.5 cm cystic lesion involving head and neck of the pancreas. EUS-FNA was subsequently performed and diagnosis of PCL was made based on result of cytological examination and measurement of aspirate.
Conclusion: In agreement with previous reports, we show that EUS-FNA confirmed the cystic lesion in pancreas and further provided the gross, biochemical and cytological features supporting accurate diagnosis of PCL.
Plebiscite Conundrum in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Independentwriter Victoria Schofield
Published: August 2022

Since 1947 the expectation that the fate of the disputed former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir would be decided by a plebiscite has been part of the narrative of the state’s history. Seventy-five years later, the plebiscite has never been held, the state remaining de facto divided between India and Pakistan, both accusing each other of illegally occupying the territory the other controls, while a significant proportion of the inhabitants of the state maintain that they have never been allowed their ‘right of self-determination.’[1] This paper examines the reasoning behind holding a plebiscite, the challenges of holding a unitary plebiscite in a state where the inhabitants of the major regions of the state have differing allegiances and aspirations and the reasons why the plebiscite was not held. It also explains why successive governments of Pakistan have clung to the notion of holding a plebiscite, whereas successive Indian governments have long since decided that a plebiscite is no longer necessary. Finally this paper will examine whether, in a changed demographic environment, with the state de facto divided for over half the time it was ever a united administrative unit, the holding of a plebiscite would resolve the issue or whether it would create more disaffection among disappointed minorities. 

 

[1] Pakistani maps and rhetoric describe the area of the state occupied by India as ‘illegally occupied disputed territory’; Indian maps describe the area of the state occupied by Pakistan as ‘Pakistan Occupied Kashmir’ (POK).
Recognition of the Taliban Government in Afghanistan
Authors: Muhammad Faheem  , Minhas Majeed Khan
Published: August 2022

The Taliban takeover of Kabul is a significant regional development having domestic, regional and global implications. Regarding the recognition of the new Taliban government; recently announced, the important states of the international community are responding with caution based on their strategic calculations, political values and long-term foreign policy goals in the regions adjoining Afghanistan. The states having stakes in Afghanistan are mainly divided in two groups: The US led group and the China-Russia led group of states. The US led group has advocated that the conduct of the Taliban on fundamental human rights, their commitment of forming an inclusive government and their detachment from international terrorist networks will be taken in consideration for deciding on the question of recognition and determining the nature of engagement with Afghanistan. The China-Russia group, is more in favor of regional stability and interested in filling the strategic vacuum left in Afghanistan by the US and its allies. The regional states are realigning themselves, with either of the major group, to respond to the unfolding situation in Afghanistan. Based on the conceptual framework of recognition of new governments in International Law and International Relations, this paper attempts to analyze the responses and concerns of the diverse international community vis-à-vis the newly formed Taliban government in Afghanistan.
US Indo-Pacific Strategy and Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: The Hedging Option
Authors: Associate Professor Farhan Hanif Siddiqi
Published: August 2022

Pakistan finds itself at the horns of a strategic dilemma as the US-China rivalry intensifies in international politics. At the heart of the dilemma is the spectre of choosing between the US and China which has the intended effect of raising costs for Pakistan’s foreign policy. Recent commentaries on Pakistan’s foreign policy advocate the need for Pakistan to strike a balance between China and the US. In contradistinction to such commentaries, the present article makes a more nuanced case for the ‘hedging’ strategy. Hedging involves policies that advocate a mixture of return-maximization and risk-contingency planning that circumvents the dominance of major powers. The article argues that Pakistan’s hedging strategy necessitates the avoidance of binaries in international politics, domestic political stability and the prioritization of economic gains.
study on performance of Indian bank
Authors: Suresh S. , Prasad K. P. Ananda
Published: August 2022

A financial institution is a business that engages in financial transactions such as investing, lending, and depositing money. Almost everyone has regular interactions with financial institutions. All must be done through financial institutions, from depositing money to taking out loans and exchanging currencies. Here's a rundown of some of the most important forms of financial institutions and their positions in financial systems. The banking system is an essential component of any economy's growth, and this sector is critical to the country's modern economic development. Indian bank is a nationalized bank among the public sector banks, and its success has an impact on the country's economy. Economists have expressed a wide range of views on the efficacy of banking systems in fostering economic development by facilitating large amounts of financial assistance. The Indian Bank, a premier bank owned by the Indian government, was established on March 5, 1907 as Indian Bank Limited and began operations on August 15, 1907. Current research papers provide opportunities to know about profitability and performance of Indian Bank from 2008-09 to 2017-2018.
Phytochemistry, pharmacological, medicinal significance of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit)
Authors: Kumar Anil , Mishra Amit , Singh Amandeep
Published: August 2022

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. is commonly known as Jackfruit belonging to the family moraceae, is a tropical climatic fruit native to Western ghat of India and common in Asia, Africa, and some region in South America. The various parts of this tree including bark, leaves, fruits, and seeds have a wide range of medicinal properties. It is used in the numerous traditional systems of medicine to treat a vast range of diseases. Various studies have shown that jackfruits possess antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer activity. The phytochemical studies have found that it contains flavonoids, sterols, and prenyl flavones which contributes in various pharmacological activity. Culinary uses include jam, wine, chips, pickle and leather. Even it has several benefits, unfortunately, the fruit is underutilized at commercial scale within those regions where it is grown. This review paper contributes towards phytochemical properties, pharmacological effects, and medicinal significance of the jackfruit.
Emblica officinalis medicinal plants
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Singh Amandeep
Published: August 2022

The herbal medicine is in the great demand in the developed as well as developing countries for primary health care because of their large biological activities, higher safety margin and lesser cost. one of the common traditional herbal drugs is Emblica officinalis, commonly known as Amla, is a member of a small genus Emblica (Euphorbiaceae). The earlier study has demonstrated potent anti-microbial, adaptogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumour and anti-ulcerogenic activities in the fruits of Emblica officinalis. Leaf extracts have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity. vitamin C, tannins and flavonoids present in amla have very powerful antioxidant activity. Due to rich in vitamin C amla is successfully use in the treatment of human scurvy. The extracts from various parts of E. officinalis, especially fruit, contain numerous phytoconstituents viz. higher amount of polyphenols like gallic acid, ellagic acid, different tannins, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, fixed oils, and flavonoids like rutin and quercetin. The extract or plant is identified to be efficacious against diversified ailments like inflammation, cancer, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, hypertension together with lifestyle diseases, parasitic and other infectious disorders.
History of Thiruverumbur region as revealed through archaeological excavations
Authors: Vanitha S. , Perundevi B.
Published: August 2022

Thiruverumbur is a neighbourhood in the city of Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu. It was merged with the Tiruchirappalli Corporation in 2011. Erumbeeswara temple is located in the distance about 2km from Thiruverumber and about 12kms from Trichy. It is one of the revenue villages in Thiruchirapalli district of India state, Tamil Nadu.  Erumbeeswarar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. This temple is of great antiquity. To analyse the Antiquity of Thiruverumbur, one has to study thoroughly the Geological Factors which shaped the destiny of Tiruchirappalli. In this paper an attempt is made to throw light on the history of Thiruverumbur revealed from the Archaeological Excavations at Tiruchirappalli Region. A detailed and analytical study of the excavations near Thiruverumbur reveal the antiquity of Thiruverumbur region.
A comparative study of train-of-four (TOF) count at corrugator supercilii and at adductor pollicis reflecting abdominal muscles relaxation
Authors: Biswal Debadas , Sahu Bimal Prasad , Tudu Juli , Das Gyan Ranjan , Jena Shibanee , Routray Daityari
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Diaphragm and lateral abdominal muscles frequently show sparing effects to muscle relaxants. This study compared visual estimation of neuromuscular transmission of corrugator supercilii and adductor pollicis (AP) with electromyographic measurements of lateral abdominal wall muscles during recovery from vecuronium-induced intense neuromuscular block. Methods: 60 patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia  were included. Following loss of consciousness, supramaximal stimulations were applied using electrical nerve stimlators to left 10th intercostal, ulnar and facial nerves. Electromyographic activity (EMG) of abdominal wall muscles were measured. After Inj. Vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg, Electromyographic activity measurements counted the visually detectable train-of-four (TOF) responses at corrugator supercilii and adductor pollicis. The onset time, the duration of action and quantitative measurements of neuromuscular block were done. Observations: Clinical duration of action of vecuronium almost coincided with train-of-four response at corrugators supercilii where as train-of-four recovery at adductor policis occurred late during recovery stage. Corrugators supercilii had a stronger positive correlation with abdominal muscles relaxation as compared to the adductor policies. Corrugators supercilii had a stronger correlation coefficient (0.910 vs 0.417) than adductor policis with respect to abdominal muscle. It indicated that corrugator supercilii is a better predictor than AP to measure abdominal muscle relaxation.