bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of BIM authoring tools on the architectural profession in Jordan
Authors: Al-Ruawishedi Mais Radhi , Qaqish Raed , Azzam Esam , Khraisat Dema , AlOmari Omar Moustafa Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies have attracted much research attention, especially in the last fifteen years. The prospects and benefits that BIM promises for all participants in the design, construction and operation of buildings are hopeful and enthusiastic. Nevertheless, the global adoption of BIM has been slow and uneven. A bibliometric analysis shows that BIM research is concentrated in a few centers and performed by a narrow group of specialists. As a result, there are research areas with few or no publications (“blind spots”). One such area is the economics of BIM implementation. Considering the transition to the use of BIM as an investment project, the authors of the article formulate the necessary conditions for BIM implementation to become investment attractive. It is shown that the participation of governmental structures is necessary for a wide transition to digital technologies in the architectural and construction sphere.
Creative activity of military engineer Nikolai Konovalov in the Far East
Authors: Bazilevich Mikhail
Published: December 2023

The article presents the interim results of a study conducted within the framework of the scientific project “Architects and engineers of the eastern outskirts of Russia (second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries)”. On the basis of archival data and materials of field surveys, the author presents a complete picture of the creative and professional activity in the Far East of a military engineer, a graduate of the St. Petersburg Nikolaev Engineering Academy Nikolai Vasilyevich Konovalov. Brief biographical information is given, projects and surviving buildings in Port Arthur and Vladivostok are considered.
From the family of Italian masters
Authors: Kradin Nikolai
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the creative activity of Khabarovsk architect of the middle of the 20th century, V. M. Campioni, great-grandson of the famous architect and sculptor Angelo Campioni, who worked in Moscow and created a lot of architectural and sculptural works. The article traces the family network of the architect, his creative relationships with other architects of the Far East, who studied with him at the Odessa Civil Engineering Institute in the 1930s. His work as the main architect of the city and his buildings in Khabarovsk are analyzed in the article.
Architect Nina Anatolievna Rumyantseva (10.12.1916 – 16.11.2007)
Authors: Druzhinina Inna
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the biography and creative work of the Soviet architect Nina Anatolievna Rumyantseva. Nina Anatolievna’s life and creative path are related to a significant geography of places – from Kazakhstan, Western and Eastern Siberia to the Far East and the capital of the country, which can be considered a vivid reflection of the specifics of the Soviet time. The years of her creative activity, particularly in Irkutsk, fell on the late 1940s – early 1970s and coincided with the period of intensive development of Eastern Siberia. For the first time the pages of N. A. Rumyantseva’s life and a detailed list of her works are presented in the most complete way. The material is based on documents from the archive of the Irkutsk regional organisation of the Union of Architects, on personal recollections of Nina Anatolievna and her colleagues.
House of State Institutions in Irkutsk (House of Soviets)
Authors: Lisitsin Vasily
Published: December 2023

The article considers one of the most striking objects of the Soviet period, the House of Soviets, at different stages of its realisation – from its design to final result. On the example of the Irkutsk House of Soviets the peculiarities of the approach to buildings of this type are revealed: architectural competitions, complex environmental approach, stylistic features associated with ideological attitudes, construction problems.
Theatre for Zheleznogorsk in the architect G. P. Stepanov’s creative activity
Authors: Yamaletdinov Sergey
Published: December 2023

23 February 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of Georgy Petrovich Stepanov (1924-2007), a Soviet and Russian architect, Doctor of Art History, Professor, Honoured Art Worker of the RSFSR, Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. A major project implemented by G. P. Stepanov was a theatre for Zheleznogorsk in the Krasnoyarsk region. On the basis of the revealed archival data and published materials, the stages of the search for the architectural appearance of the theatre building for the Siberian city are restored. The structure built in neoclassical style influenced the further creative path of the Leningrad architect and the directions of his scientific interests and pedagogical work.
Tobolsk’s stone merchant houses of the second half of the 18th century
Authors: Klimenko Alexander , Gaiduk Maria
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to a special phenomenon in the architectural and historical environment of Tobolsk – stone merchant houses of the second half of the 18th century in the context of the development of urban stone construction of the late 17th-18th centuries. The paper provides periodisation and identifies the main factors that caused active stone construction in Tobolsk in the 18th century. The study considers the preserved dwelling houses, characterises the architectural, planning and stylistic features of the buildings, and provides an assessment of their current state in the aspect of heritage preservation. The study is accompanied by historical and modern photos made by the authors in the period 2006-2022.
Typology of ancient cities of Asia Minor according to their location and orientation
Authors: Kolesnikov Alexander , Tatarinov Maxim
Published: December 2023

The aim of the article is to describe the urban structure of the ancient polis and inter-polis spaces as they were in the period of mature antiquity, and to determine the regularities of their formation and development. The article uses materials of expeditions to Asia Minor, modern Turkey, historical sources, as well as cartographic materials and satellite data. A reconstructive map of Asia Minor and its fragments is drawn up. The territory, which approximately repeated the outlines of the Seleucid Empire and the Kingdom of Pergamon later conquered by Rome, was chosen because it contained the most typical poleis with a variety of locations, sizes and compositions, convenient for analysing their urban structure. The article considers the basic principles of planning and location of central cities. It develops a typology of the siting of the cities and the criteria on the basis of which these cities were located. The authors give examples of the most typical and representative layouts.
İlkokul 4. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Metin Türüne Göre Okuma Hatalarının İncelenmesi
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ GÜNDOĞMUŞ Hatice , ÇAYIR Aybala
Published: December 2023

İhtiyaç duyulan güncel bilgilere ulaşılmasını mümkün kılarak; bilişsel, sosyal ve psikomotor becerilerinin gelişimini destekleyen okuma becerisi, doğuştan gelen ve kendiliğinden gelişen bir beceri değil geliştirilmesi için emek harcanması gereken bir süreçtir. Okuma becerilerinin öğretilmesinin küresel bağlamdaki etkililiğini görmek, okuma becerilerini kazanma ve geliştirme kaynaklarının fırsatlarını fark ederek sürecin takibini yapmak, problemli alanları belirleyerek öğrencilerin okuma becerilerini geliştiren yeni çalışmalara yol açmak gerekmektedir. Öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin geliştirilme sürecindeki ses tonu, vurgu, ritim gibi duygusal ifade biçimini destekleyen unsurlar ile okumanın doğru ve uygun hızda yapılması konularını ele almak, bu konudaki hataları fark etmek, yapılan hataları önlemek için erken müdahalelerde bulunmak önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan araştırmanın amacı metin türlerine göre ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin akıcı okumalarını engelleyen sesli okuma hatalarını tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda ilkokul öğrencilerinin okuma hataları Yanlış Analizi Envanteri ile tespit edilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama modeli kullanılarak yapılan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 20 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin metin türüne göre yaptıkları sesli okuma hatalarından atlayıp geçme, ekleme, yanlış okuma hata türlerini sıklıkla yaptıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin metin türüne göre kelime tanıma düzeyleri hem kız öğrencilerin hem de erkek öğrencilerin serbest, öğretim ve endişe düzeylerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Endişe verici düzeyde olan kız öğrenci sayısının erkek öğrenci sayısından fazla olduğu görülmektedir.
GENDER POLICIES AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS AND BARRIERS
Authors: Beatrice Adedayo Okunade  , Foluke Eyitayo Adediran  , Obe Destiny Balogun  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Adebukola Adejumoke Adegoke  , Rosita Eberechukwu Daraojimba
Published: December 2023

This scholarly exploration delves into the intricate tapestry of gender policies and women's empowerment in Nigeria, a nation grappling with the complexities of gender dynamics against a backdrop of cultural, economic, and political influences. The study's purpose was to critically analyze and evaluate the progress and barriers in implementing gender policies, with a keen focus on understanding their dynamics, challenges, and societal impacts. The study synthesized a wide array of literature through a methodical approach, encompassing empirical research, policy analyses, and theoretical discourses. This comprehensive review illuminated the multifaceted nature of gender inequality in Nigeria, revealing insights into income disparities, the undervaluation of women's unpaid care work, and the socio-cultural and political barriers impeding gender equality. The main findings underscore a pronounced gender inequality across various sectors, highlighting the significant yet often marginalized contributions of women, particularly in the agricultural sector and in unpaid domestic roles. The study revealed that while there have been strides in policy formulation, a chasm remains in effective implementation, with socio-cultural norms and lack of political will posing as formidable barriers. The study advocates for a holistic and multifaceted approach to gender policy enhancement in Nigeria. It calls for the establishment of quantifiable benchmarks for policy evaluation, the dismantling of patriarchal structures, and the promotion of educational and economic empowerment for women. The study emphasizes the necessity of inclusive, culturally sensitive, and impactful policies, urging collaborative efforts among various stakeholders for sustainable gender parity and empowerment.

Keywords: Gender Policies, Women's Empowerment, Nigeria, Socio-Cultural Barriers, Policy Implementation.
Are Grey Plovers true Jelly Bon lovers? First record of Grey Plovers (Pluvialis squatarola) deliberately feeding on barrel jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo) in the Western Palearctic
Authors: Vassileva Liliana V.
Published: December 2023

Coelenterates are not considered important food items for waders such as Grey Plovers (Pluvialis squatarola), although this has rarely been investigated in detail. During three days of fieldwork on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast in October 2020 Grey Plovers were documented deliberately choosing and swallowing barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomatidae) while foraging on sand seashore where Scyphozoan jellyfish are often stranded. According to peer-reviewed literature, there is to-date no evidence of Grey Plovers consuming scyphozoan medusae, particularly as a specific choice for their food components. As a result of the present study, it is concluded that barrel jellyfish is part of the diet of Grey Plovers on the Black Sea coast and is purposely chosen by them. So far, this is the first video-recorded observation and published record of such an event in Europe and Western Palearctic. It suggests that coelenterates may be more important food items for waders than previousely believed and shows the potential of medusae to become an important food alternative for them.
TOLERANT ATTITUDE AND MANAGERIAL CONDUCT AMONG PROFESSIONALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS
Authors: Aslam Soniha
Published: December 2023

It is vital during management training of professionals related to physical education and sport, to deliberate the issues of tolerant behavior in societal interaction and communications with community via sports and physical activities. The objective of the current study is to formulate a contemporary and an articulate model of tolerance in the management and administrative skills of physical educationist, instructors and sports coaches. Regression analysis was utilized which is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables including evaluation of physical, psychological, personal interrelationship and qualities regarding tolerance and management of an upcoming specialist in this field and building a precise set of efficient criteria. The study will benefit the educationists appointed for the training of professional in the field of physical education and sport.
EFFECTS OF TERRORISM ON SPORTS ACTIVITIES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA: A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT SWAT AND BUNER
Authors: Khan Ajbar , Iqbal Dr. Yasmeen , Khan Shahzaman
Published: December 2023

The study investigates terrorism and its effects on sports activities. To find out ways and means to promote sports activities in the affected areas, to determine the trend of common people and athletes in the conflicted areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa towards sports activities and to evaluate the Governments’ efforts in reducing the consequences of terrorism on Sports activities. The study is limited to the male athletes of Government High and Higher Secondary Schools of District Swat and Buner in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. The study consists of 200 male students, 100 each from District Swat and Buner. Respondent are students of secondary schools (9th, 10th class) and higher secondary schools (11th, 12th), with age range of 13-22 years. Simple random method was used for sampling purpose. The effects of terrorism on sports activities were assessed through interview and self-administered questionnaire. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 15 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics like measurement of central tendency and measurement of dispersion were utilized to describe the data. Work has been done on 200 respondents. According to the result, 78% mothers of the respondents were illiterate while 22% were educated, whereas 46% fathers were illiterate while 54% were educated. 98% families became IDPs and 90% schools were closed down due to terrorism. 86% respondent attitude was positive toward sport activities and 88% schools were found to have playgrounds. 86% parents allow their children to participate in sports and 72% take part in sports activities after school time. 74% respondents were optimistic for a positive change in near future. 10% received threats who want to participate in sports activities. 26% respondent felt outside danger. 34% schools have been used by law enforcement agencies. Finally it was observed that majority of the people have positive attitude towards sports activities despite the fact that majority of schools had been closed for a long period due to terrorism.
PEAK PERFORMANCE AGE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN TEST BATSMEN
Authors: Abbass Imran
Published: December 2023

The study intended to explore the relationship of age and performance of test batsmen to know at what age they achieved the peak performance while playing test cricket. Qualitative data was collected through interviews and Secondary data sources were used of different ICC (International Cricket Council) websites and magazines. Sample comprised of top 12 test players of Pakistan from past and present era, who played for Pakistan with distinction. Time series and regression analysis was executed to find the significance of the relationship between their age and performance (Batting average).The findings of the study revealed a parabolic trajectory relationship between age and their performance, positive relationship at the start and then a plateau and then a negative relationship between age and performance. The rise and decline pattern varied and majority of the cricket players touched the peak between the ages of 28 to 34 years. The current study will provide solid grounds to account the role of age in producing expert performance and strongly suggested through the evidence of data analysis that to achieve the expert performance of the enrolled test batsmen, patience is required until and unless the cricket players meet a specific age limit.
THE IMPACT OF CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES ON THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN FATA
Authors: Ashfaq Muhammad , Aslam Dr. Soniha , Hussain Syed Asim
Published: December 2023

The study was aimed to analyze the relationship of co-curricular activities with academic progress, personality development and leadership skills of Male Secondary School students of FATA. A sample size of 200 respondents was selected on the basis of random sampling technique. The study was delimited to Qirat, Naat, Sports, Scouting, Quiz and Speech contest. A questionnaire of five points Likert Scale after seeking due permission from Principals and Head Masters was used to reach to the in-depth of the phenomena. Statistical techniques Mean, Percentage and Standard Deviation were run to analyze the collected data. The researcher analyzed the relationship between co-curricular involvement and its positive impacts on students overall performances. Finally it was determined that co-curricular activities has a durable connection with physical and mental health, self-confidence, qualities of leadership, personality development, interpersonal relationship, personal hygiene, healthy behaviors and educational performances.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF LONG DISTANCE RUNNERS PERFORMANCE
Authors: Yousaf Rehan , Ahmad Jamshaid , Sarwar Sumaira
Published: December 2023

Generally the performance of the long distance runners is not progressing in Pakistan. There is lack of awareness of modern sports techniques in Pakistan to improve the abilities of a long distance runner. Psychological determinants can play a very important role to identify the weaknesses and strengths of the athletes. This study is helpful to understand the importance of different psychological determinants such as sports motivation, mental toughness and sports confidence in relation to performance. The long distance 83 athletes were selected from Punjab, Pakistan having average age of 27 years. Adopted questionnaire was used to collect the survey data. Findings of the study show that there is high positive and significant effect of sports confidence and sports motivation on sports performance while mental toughness effects negatively but significantly on sports performance. On the basis of these results, the study will help coaches for the psychological training of long distance runners which may enhance their performance in practice as well as in the competitions.
AN ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT PERCEPTION ABOUT COACHING PERFORMANCE OF COLLEGE FEMALE DIRECTRESS SPORTS
Authors: Channa Toshaba , Hussain Syed Asim
Published: December 2023

The study about the skills, art and science of movement of human being is known as Physical education, it is necessary for whole educational procedure. The main purpose of PE is the progress of human being. It plays a significant part in the activity levels of athletes. Physical education not only fulfills a distinctive part in education, but is also an essential component of sports activities. In this paper a concise review of the research on students perception about the coaching performance of college female directress sports have been presented. Student ratings are most important to assess of teaching effectiveness, active contribution and meaningful participation from students can be significant in the success of such teaching assessment systems. For this purpose the total number of subjects N=90 girls students (45 each from BA part I and BA part II) were used as a sample of the study from nine G. G. D. C of Hyderabad city to assess the coaching performance of female directress sports. The five point Likert scale was applied to collect the data, which ranges from “strongly agrees” to “strongly disagree”. The outcome of the study concluded that generally the female Directress sports coaching techniques were better and they comprise the potential to exhibit, train, assess, and exact the techniques. The present study outcome may demonstrate that students are usually considered for progress in teaching to be the most important for the result of a teaching evaluation system. Furthermore, the result shows that through student’s feedback about coaching evaluations the course content and format can be developed. Students should be encouraged to participate in the coaching evaluation system because through this they will be able to provide significant opinion. Quality students participation is essential sign to improve teaching efficiency.
CONCEPTS OF COSMOLOGY REGARDING ITS EVOLUTION
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Zeeshan , Husnain Dr. Saira , Gill Dr. Nazia Parveen
Published: December 2023

Body of beliefs on the basis mythological, religious, and cryptic literature and traditions of conception and eschatology is called Religious or mythological cosmology.Physical cosmology is examined by various astronomers, physicists, and also by philosophers, for instance meta physicians, theorist of physics, and philosophers of space and time. for this reason of communal scope with philosophy, hypothesis in physical cosmology may comprise of scientific as well as non-scientific proposals, and could rely upon notion that can,t be tested. Cosmology is concerned with the Universe as a whole whereas astronomy is concerned with person celestial objects. Contemporary physical cosmology is subjugated by the Big Bang theory, which tries to get together observational astronomy and particle physics; more particularly bring more authentic parameters of the Big Bang with dark matters and dark energies, called the Lambda-CDM model.
AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE OF PARENTS ABOUT FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN SPORTS
Authors: Aslam Soniha , Shaikh Javed
Published: December 2023

Aim: The present study spotlight on psychosocial factors that play vital role in influencing Participation and lack of participate of females in sports. The study discusses various difficulties of women’s participation in sports. Methodology: A self administered questionnaire was used as a tool to study. 200 subjects who were selected randomly for study purpose both government and private girls degree colleges Hyderabad. The filled questionnaire was collected and evaluated to examine the parent’s attitude towards girl’s participation in sports. Statistical analysis through Percentile and Frequency methods were done to find the parent’s attitude towards Female’s Participation in sports. The observations of the study shows that bulk of the parents acquire encouraging attitude towards female participation in sports. Despite this several psycho-cultural restraints hinders parents in showing the encouraging attitude.
An Econometric Analysis of Energy Consumption in Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Hafiz Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Qadir Adeel , Akram Umer , Tariq Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Energy sector plays a key role and a dominant factor for the economic growth of country. This research article compares the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. In Pakistan, main sources of energy generation are primarily contingent on traditional fuels and its large percentage is imported and also linked strongly with Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In fact most countries, especially underdeveloped, relies more on oil to meet energy demands but if affects the economy unfavorably. Its import in a great way also affects the nation indirectly by causing unexpected inflation. On oil, Local traditional alternative fuels must be preferred to maintain the economic growth. In this research article, energy model Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) has been used in various scenarios to find out energy demand for 2013 and has predicted the demand till year 2040. This analysis uncovers and postulates the new postulates for the think tanks to find out best alternatives headway of energy sector of Pakistan to overcome on energy deficiency in coming years.
Control Strategy for A Smart Grid-Hybrid Controller for Renewable Energy using Artificial Neuro and Fuzzy Intelligent System
Authors: Khan Muhammad usman Haider , Siddique Muhammad , Bhatti M. Kamran Liaquat , Tahir Waqar , Kashif Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Energy generation using renewable energy resources is increasing with the passage of the time due to the fear of depleting energy resources and global warming. In Pakistan, the whole consumption of electricity in residential and business areas is nearly equal to 40%. More than 5% of energy needs are fulfilled by liquid natural fuel and town gasoline consumption within the residential and industrial sectors. Integration of the renewable resources may cause tripping issues and control of this tripping with the help of conventional controlling methods is time-consuming and wastage of energy. In this research paper, SEC based ANFIS controller for control strategy has been implemented. For this purpose, we used DVR for finding the fault and compensate the voltage drop to the maximum value to avoid tripping. Dynamic programming is used to design a controller which compares the voltage of both renewable resources with the nominal voltage and the triggers the control switches of Bridge through PWM according to the nominal voltage. The model shows that the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solution are much better than the conventional controller.
Effect of Occupational Therapy on Multi-Scale Entropy of sEMG in Cerebral palsy Children
Authors: Fatima Mashal , Shoukat Awais , Ishtiaq Moiz , Khan Usman , Shafique Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Cerebral paralysis (CP) is the most widely recognized motor disability in adolescence. Populace based investigations from around the globe report CP going from 2 to 2.5 per 1000 live births. It occurs when there is some damage to the part of the brain that controls motor function. CP is classified according to the degree of motor disability. Types of CP include monoplegia, diplegia, triplegia, hemiplegia and quadriplegia. There is no cure for this disease; however, management of symptoms is possible by using different interventions like physical or occupational therapy. Surface EMG detected at various muscles simultaneously can be used as a tool for the analysis of gait in CP children. Gait analysis is the most crucial method for treatment of the cerebral palsy patient, providing the most vital information about the abnormality of the rate of the cerebral palsy patient. Surface EMG allows assessing the activity of different muscles during walking to show coordination. Multi-scale entropy helps to extend expected single scale entropy into multi time scale by using the coarse grained technique, has demonstrated the analytical ability to examine the sEMG changes on multiple time scale during the functioning of the muscle.  The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational therapy on the multi-scale entropy of surface electromyography (sEMG) in children with CP. The selected group of CP subjects were given OT for consecutive six sessions, and improvement in their lower limb muscles was quantified in terms of MSE. The designed study revealed that OT was sufficient for the rehabilitation of CP patient with a significant difference (p<0.05) observed in gastrocnemius muscle.  Therefore one can conclude that occupational therapy helps the children who have spastic cerebral palsy to improve in muscles and help children to perform their daily activity in which walking independently is the most important one.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational therapy on the multi-scale entropy of surface electromyography (sEMG) in children with CP. Selected group of CP subjects were given OT for consecutive six session and improvement in their lower limb muscles were quantified in terms of MSE. The designed study revealed that OT was effective for the rehabilitation of CP patient with a significant difference (p<0.05) observed in gastrocnemius muscle. Therefore one can conclude that occupational therapy helps the children suffering from spastic cerebral palsy to make improvement in muscles, and help children to perform their daily activity in which walking independently is the most important one.
IoT Based Fall Detection System for Elderly Population in Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Mashal , Khan Hamza , Nisar Hamza , Zehran Fazal , Shafique Muhammad
Published: December 2023

A Fall is defined as an event that results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or other lower level. Fall-related injuries may be fatal or non-fatal. It puts the elderly population, i.e., people of 65 years old, and over, in a dangerous situation. It is why we need a fast and efficient fall detection system to provide first aid and rescue the patient. The existing fall detection devices are not widely used because they do not meet the expectations of the users like the effectiveness of detecting a fall, time to inform guardian to provide necessary precautions and rescue the affected person on time. This device differs from other devices firstly in a way that it is a cheap portable device; secondly, as it was designed and assembled in a Muslim majority country, it should be able to distinguish fall from different movements of Salah. The tool uses a three-axis Accelerometer and Gyroscope sensor, which measures the acceleration and rotational motion in the X, Y, and Z-axis, respectively, which is controlled by a microcontroller called Arduino. The board uses a Wi-Fi module to send data wirelessly through the internet.
China Pakistan Economic Corridor Energy Projects in Light of Sustainable Development
Authors: Aziz Inzamam , Raza Safdar , Bhatti Muhammad Kamran Liaquat , Ali Sadaqat , Tahir Waqar
Published: December 2023

Energy sector of Pakistan has never been up to the demand of the country due to inappropriate energy management policies. The shortfall has been reaching to a nominal level of 4500 MW for more than 10 years. The economy of Pakistan has been dramatically affected and resulted in the shutdown of many industrial units.  To manage this shortfall, electric supply companies had solely concerned the consumer end. Energy domain of Pakistan has confronted a rapid change by the mega-investment of more than 60 billion USD under the game-changing project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This project will boost the energy sector as half of the total capital of this project has been disbursed for the mitigation of shortfall and power crisis.  The project has been started for the interests of both economies of both countries China and Pakistan. This research focused on the causes of the power crisis in Pakistan and how CPEC will boost of the energy sector and how our environment will be affected by these energy projects. And policies have been discussed for efficient policy-making in generation with the lowest environmental impacts and contributing towards making this Development more sustainable and acceptable.
Remotely Operated Water Surface Cleaner
Authors: Khawaja Shahab Shahid , Amjad Moaz , Zafar Hanzalah , Rauf Faizan
Published: December 2023

Eight million tons of plastic debris is being dumped every year in the ocean, most of them come from beach tourists, urban and storm runoff, sewer overflows and inadequate waste management. Plastic waste encourages the growth of pathogens in the ocean, which is affecting marine life very badly, making many water species endangered and jeopardizing the natural ambience of marine life. Marine debris is disrupting the entire bio-geo cycle giving rise to unwanted problems to the whole marine eco-system. Floating vessel with robust technology is needed to clean our rivers, dams, and lakes. For that purpose, we have developed a vehicle that can collect plastic lying on the surface of the water. It is operated wirelessly and has a long-range wireless connection. A camera is mounted on top of the vehicle to see things around by using concepts of control systems and communication systems. There is a small opening in front of the vehicle to collect plastic from the surface of the water. After collecting plastic or debris, it disposed near the surface. Our proposed cleaner is convenient and can be operated easily by anyone with little hardware knowledge. By using just the flat design of the vehicle, it can float on the surface of the water and a brain to control the vehicle. The integration of all technical things is seamless and intuitive.
Predictive Control of Three Phase Inverter for Different Conduction Modes with Filter
Authors: Zahoor Muhammad Ishtiaq , Bhatti Muhammad kamran Liaquat , Tahir Waqar , Kashif Muhammad , Raza Safdar , Khan Muhammad Usman Haider
Published: December 2023

Three-phase inverters are commonly employed in higher power industrial applications like UPS, control of various motor, wind power conversion system as well as in different industrial processes. Three-phase switching inverter is a control electronics device that converts the direct supply (DC supply) into three-phase AC supply. In this paper, switching based 3- phase voltage source power electronic inverter is proposed with 3-different conduction modes. 3-phase switching inverter has been designed for the grid system in MATLAB Simulink. Three different modes of its operation 1200, 1500 and 1800 have been evaluated.  Simulation results of the 3-phase inverter with filter and without filter have been presented & both line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage waveform results are evaluated. The main objective of this research is to design an efficient power electronics inverter for domestic and industrial purposes and comparison of its different conduction modes like 1200, 1500 and 1800.
Roman Urdu sentiment analysis using Machine Learning with best parameters and comparative study of Machine Learning algorithms
Authors: Aziz Sameen , Ullah Saleem , Mughal Bushra , Mushtaq Faheem , Zahra Sabih
Published: December 2023

People talks on the social media as they feel good and easy way to express their feelings about topic, post or product on the ecommerce websites. In the Asia mostly the people use the Roman Urdu language script for expressing their opinion about the topic. The Sentiment analysis of the Roman Urdu (Bilal et al. 2016)language processes is a big challenging task for the researchers because of lack of resources and its non-structured and non-standard syntax / script. We have collected the Dataset from Kaggle containing 21000 values with manually annotated and prepare the data for machine learning and then we apply different machine learning algorithms(SVM , Logistic regression , Random Forest, Naïve Bayes ,AdaBoost, KNN )(Bowers et al. 2018) with different parameters and kernels  and with TFIDF(Unigram , Bigram , Uni-Bigram)(Pereira et al. 2018) from the algorithms we find the best fit algorithm , then from the best algorithm we choose 4 algorithms and combined them to deploy on the data set but after the deployment of the hyperparameters we get the best model build by the  Support Vector Machine  with linear kernel which are 80% accuracy and F1 score 0.79 precision 0.79 and recall is 0.78 with (Ezpeleta et al. 2018)Grid Search CV and CV is 5 fold. Then we perform experiments on the Robust linear Regression model estimation using (Huang, Gao, and Zhou 2018)(Chum and Matas 2008)RANSAC(random sample Consensus) that gives us the best estimators with 82.19%.
Multi-Class Classification of the YouTube Comments using Machine Learning
Authors: Nawaz Shoaib , Rizwan Muhammad , Yasin Samina , Ahmed Mehtab , Farooq Umar
Published: December 2023

Due to huge data on Social media the people face difficulty to finding in qualitative content of the video if they find the qualitative content as per their judgment and knowledge, they do not confirm the actual content quality. People put their idea and subscriber watch the videos and put their feedback in the comments. Our purposed study help the subscribers to find the best-experienced idea based on the people personal experience here we classify the collection of comments collected using Google API’s(“Google API YouTube” n.d.) and annotate them in different classes which are Experience-positive, Experience-negative, Warning, Suggestions, Questions, Praise, these classes helps us to find the qualitative analysis of the comments but based on the these required classes. Our proposed model shows experiments that the best classifier for us is the SVM have accuracy is 89.18% and F1 score is 0.89 this shows that our model is productive and efficient for classification to help out the user as well as the author to find the best qualitative video content which is experienced and confirmed by the user’s experience(Abbas 2017).
Harmonics Detection and its Mitigation in a Doubly Fed Induction Generator based Power System
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Bhatti Muhammad kamran Liaquat , Tahir Waqar , Iqbal Muhammad Usman , Usman Muhammad , Raza Safdar
Published: December 2023

Ideally, electric supplying companies are projected to convey sinusoidal voltage having the frequency of constant rate, while the consumers are expected to extract the current in sinusoidal forms with power factor nearly equal to unity. But extensive applications of equipment causing the production of harmonics in domestics and industrial appliances causes some problems in the smooth flow of current and voltage. Especially the usage of non-linear loads is causing the distortion of electric voltage and currents in the power system. Due to these non-sinusoidal flows of voltage and current (harmonics), the performance of overall system is disturbed. So, the detection and mitigation of harmonics is essential. In this research work detection and mitigation of harmonics voltage and currents caused by nonlinear loads using DFIG has been investigated. Multi-reference theory has been used for this purpose.
Ranking of Pakistan’s One-Day International Cricket Players Based on Link Fusion
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Khan Akmal , Khan Dost Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Cricket is one of the most popular game in the world. This game has been played between two teams; every team has 11 players. Every cricket team in the world belongs to a country having a cricket board that selects the best players and manage the team activities. Cricket matches are of three forms One-Day International (ODI) cricket matches, First class or Test Matches and T-20 matches. The main issue in this game is to selects the best suitable players for the team and ranks them according to their performance. We mainly focus on Pakistan's One-day International ODI cricket players ranking. We proposed a method that consist of statistical formulas apply to the significant features of current players in Pakistan's One-Day International ODI cricket and rank them according to the rank score calculated by our method. For the implementation, we make application named TeamMaker that automatically scarp the information, and after applying our algorithm display, the results in the form of ranking tables. Similarly, ranking tables also available on the International Cricket Council ICC website, and too many researchers rank the cricket players of all teams in the world with different algorithms. Still, these methods are universal and not for a specific country. Our methodology based on link fusion that focuses on single country Pakistan with 27 One-Day International (ODI) cricket players that are currently available for the team. This application selects the exclusive features that are affected by their performance. TeamMaker application displays a ranking table based on these features. In the end, we compare and analyze the players ranking results of our methodology with the players ranking of International Cricket Council ICC. Our findings show that previous universal ranking methods neglect many countries and other prominent features of players, that's why many cricket player does not present in ranking tables.
Cyberbullying Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Ali Aaminah , Syed Adeel M.
Published: December 2023

It is an age of the Internet and electronic media, and social media platforms are one of the most frequently used communication medium nowadays. But some people use these sites for malicious purpose and among those negative aspects "Cyberbullying" is prevalent. Cyberbullying is a form of bullying done through electronic means and is used to insult or harm others. Many researchers have proposed solutions and strategies to overcome this menace, but sarcasm is one aspect of it that still needs to be touched. This study aims to highlight previous researchers and to propose an approach to detect cyberbullying along with the element of sarcasm included in it. The results proved that SVM classifier performed better than other classifiers.
Blockchain Authentication Mechanism for Securing Internet of Things
Authors: Fazal Khadija , Syed Adeel M.
Published: December 2023

Internet of Things is a recent potential advancement in an IT arena, consists of multiple smart things (devices) which are connected through a physical network. Cisco incorporation predicts that IoT network will connect 50 billion devices by 2020. Most of the industries are adopting IoT technology and because of its fast spreading, immense adoption and deployment current authentication mechanisms have serious disadvantages. For numerous reasons the security issues are the major hurdle in adoption and deployment of IoT on a large scale since it is highly vulnerable to attacks. In this paper we propose a Blockchain based authentication mechanism i.e. Ethereum which is a public blockchain as it has emerged as a technology that possess great capabilities of providing secure authentication, management and access control for IoT devices in a decentralized, trusty and flexible manner by creating a secure environment where the devices can identify and trust each other and only authenticated users are given permission to access them.
Mitigation of Line Losses in Distribution System using Optimized Placement of Distributed Generation
Authors: Elahi Muhammad Nouman , Raza Safdar , Maqsood Faisal , Zeeshan Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Line losses are the most significant challenge faced by Pakistan's energy department. 6.5% of the country's GDP, a large figure of $1.8 billion is lost every year due to line losses in power generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. In distribution systems, researchers are attracted by the penetration of distributed generation (DG) nowadays. The performance of a distribution network is affected by the significant role of number, capacity and situation of DG units. This study will focus on the distributed generation of a centralized national grid and provide an algorithmic model that implements Improved Particle Swarm Optimization to reduce the system power loss and improve the voltage profiles via optimization of the locations and sizes of multip1le DG(s). The overall sensitive feature was determined and utilized efficiently to reduce research space for the algorithm. In the case of IEEE 33Bus test system, 10% of candidate buses are selected as possible DG situations. The IPSO methodology produced severe loss reduction and improve the voltage profiles in all the three types of DGs considered using the IEEE 33-Bus system. The percentage decrease in active power losses was reduced 68.10492%, 66.91669% and 58.89211% for DG type -1, DG type-2 and DG type-3 respectively. At the same time, reactive power losses were reduced 53.095%, 53.0922% and 50.4145% for DG type -1, DG type-2 and DG type-3 respectively.
Predictive Analysis of Grid Connected DFIG-based Wind Turbine Model under Normal and Abnormal Conditions
Authors: Tahir Waqar , Bhatti Muhammad Kamran Liaquat , Mahmood Tahir , Kashif Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The trend of wind energy generation is escalating across the globe with increasing interest in green energy production. Wind turbines utilize the free and unlimited reservoir of wind for energy generation, and the blades of wind turbines are used to convert this energy into variable rotational power. Doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is the most preferred type of generator to be used in wind energy conversion systems. The direction and speed of the wind vary concerning time scale that results in the random energy production. Therefore, the reliability and stability of the system are the fundamental requirements. In this research paper, vector control technique (VCT) is employed to regulate the stator flux and balanced flow of power. The main contribution of this research is towards the optimally designed wind turbine model associated with DFIG and calculation of the slip angle for the rotor as well as the grid. The current and voltage profile of the grid under normal and faulty condition is also investigated.
Voltage Quality Enhancement in Microgrid Through Customized Synchronous Reference Frame Theory Based Upgraded Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Authors: Ayoub Ayesha , Siddique Muhammad , Iqbal Ahsan , Ali Hassan
Published: December 2023

Microgrid (MG) offers an elaborate list of solutions to solve the common problems associated with local distribution systems. These problems are mainly reliability issues. Researchers are trying to develop improvements in its properties and features to overcome these problems as well as the ones regarding power quality (PQ). The standard microgrid structure does not support power quality compensation strategies, which is why there are distribution system issues related to it.  Implementations of the DVR have been proposed at both a low voltage (LV) level, as well as a medium voltage (MV) level; and give an opportunity to protect high power sensitive loads from voltage sags, because it is a very efficient. We have proposed in this paper about the Upgraded Dynamic Voltage Restorer (UDVR) and mentioned that it I will provide a convenient solution to the voltage sag and swell in grid-connected microgrid problems. A microgrid structure provides a reliable distribution system for local loads on the other side, UDVR allows a sag/swell free power supply for loads. This control via UDVR comes from a fuzzy technique system and an Upgraded Synchronous Reference Frame (USRF) concept. The dynamic compensation characteristics of UDVR are applied to voltage transient disturbance analysis under various run conditions. The proposed control system's stability is also analyzed. The entire system is manufactured by utilizing the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results of the simulation confirmed the performance of UDVR under the proposed control approach. Simulation results prove that the proposed method is correct and has better real-time and compensation flexibility.