bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW DATA ON THE CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY OF METAMICT MINERALS FROM THE VELYKA VYSKA SYENITE MASSIF (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
Authors: Grechanovskaya E.E. , Lunova I.M. , Kurylo S.I. , Belskyi V.M.
Published: December 2022

The structural properties and composition of metamict minerals, namely allanite, chevkinite, and britholite, occurring as inclusions in allanite from feldspar syenites of the Velyka Vyska massif (Korsun-Novomyrgorod pluton, Ukrainian Shield) were investigated by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The age of the syenites is 1.7-1.8 Ga, which corresponds to their formation ages within the Ukrainian Shield. X-ray analysis shows that of the original samples of chevkinite and allanite give a broad diffraction peak between 16—28° 2Θ as well as Bragg reflections in the region of the most intense reflections of semimetamict allanite and britholite, indicating the metamict state of chevkinite and the semimetamict state of allanite. The content of radioactive Th found in the chevkinite (0.25-0.33 apfu) is higher compared to its amount in allanite (0.024-0.033 apfu). Calculated unit-cell parameters of the chevkinite and allanite samples showed that their structures underwent significant changes after annealing. There is a slight distortion of the chevkinite unit cell related to a decrease in the a and an increase in b and c edges. A decrease in b and the increase in c in the allanite is caused by a redistribution of cations in the structure and an oxidation of iron, Fe2+ → Fe3+, during heating. Thereby the stability of the allanite structure decreases and it ultimately breaks down. The structural sites A and A2 in chevkinite and allanite are mainly occupied by REEs of the cerium group. The amount of Y is minor. The substitution mechanism А2(REE)3+ + М3М2+ → А2Са2+ + М3М3+(allanite) and M2Fe3+ + M3,4Ti4+↔ M2Fe2+ + M3,4Nb5+ (chevkinite) occur. The M2 site in the structure of chevkinite and M3 in allanite contain more Fe2+ than Fe3+. This leads to a weakening of the bonds in their structures, and a stepwise breakdown and partial or total metamictization of their structures. The britholite inclusions in allanite belong to the Y variety. They were probably formed much later than allanite and chevkinite in the Velyka Vyska massif. According to the EPMA results, namely BSE-images and REE content determinations, allanite and chevkinite formed almost simultaneously.
SOME REGULARITIES OF THE INTERRELATION OF THE GENESIS AND MINERALS DISTRIBUTION IN THE BOWELS
Authors: Pavlyshyn V.I. , Chernysh D.S. , Kulchytska H.O. , Matkovskyi O.I.
Published: December 2022

Some regularities of the interrelation of the genesis and minerals distribution in the bowels based on the analysis of information on the temporal and spatial distribution of minerals in geological complexes, primarily in Ukraine, were revealed. The distribution of minerals in magmatic complexes, pegmatites, hydrothermalites and metamorphites was studied. The relationship between tectonics and the distribution of minerals is noted. There is a clear direction of the geological development of the earth's crust: the pacification of tectonic processes — the growth of platforms — the differentiation of mineral matter. The number of formed mineral species increased rapidly from Archean to Phanerozoic complexes, from "basaltic" to "crustal" mineral formation, from ultrabasic rocks to acid ones. The Pre-Greenstone crust of Ukrainian Shield (USh) is predominantly represented by plagioclases and pyroxenes; with the development of granitoids, quartz and alkali feldspars joined them. From early to late stages of USh development, the number of species increased by an order of magnitude. Near-Azov megablock is in the first place. Maximum species formation is associated with alkaline magmatism and processes involving volatile components, in particular pegmatite formation. The number of minerals in pegmatites reaches hundreds of species. Mountain building led to the destruction of igneous rocks and the formation of new minerals. The appearance of free oxygen became a powerful factor in mineral formation. Superimposed processes with the supplying of deep fluids contributed to the transformation and redistribution of minerals and the formation of polygenic ores. The distribution of minerals makes it possible to detect typomorphic species for certain processes, which can be used to determine the criteria of mineralization, its scale, and the erosion section of ore bodies. The distribution of various mineral species, and the same species with identified macro- and microdefects, as a result of the conditions of mineral formation, is of practical importance.
LITHIUM ORES OF STANKUVATKA AND POLOKHIVKA ORE FIELDS (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
Authors: Syomka V.O. , Ponomarenko O.M. , Stepanyuk L.M. , Bondarenko S.M. , Sukach V.V. , Kurylo S.I. , Donskyi M.O.
Published: December 2022

New results of mineralogic-petrographical and ore-geochemical research on Li-pegmatites and host rocks of Stankuvatka and Polokhivka ore fields of western part of Inhul megablock of the Ukrainian Shield are presented. Petrographic characteristics of host rocks, such as granites, metapelites, metabasites and ultrabasites are described. Aplite-pegmatoid granites related to Li-pegmatites have been dated as 2026-2042 Ma by means of U-Pb isotopic analysis of monazites. Li-pegmatites were formed during two stages: 1) magmatic, when formation of oreless quartz-albite-microcline pegmatites happened; 2) hydothermal-metasomatic, when residual fluid rich in rare elements affects previously formed minerals; it is reflected in presence of several generations of Li-bearing and rock-forming minerals. Initial magma was peraluminous, depleted with mafic components, and with water deficit. Albite was a first mineral crystallized in researched pegmatites. Then albite+quartz were crystallized. Then at the end microcline+quartz were formed in the central part of pegmatite veins. Petalite and spodumene were formed at the final hydrothermal-metasomatic stage. Practical importance of ores with secondary mineralization mainly presented with petalite and spodumene has been defined. Petalite ore type of Polokhivka deposit and petalite-spodumene mixed ore type of Stankuvatka deposit have a crucial role. Microprobe chemical analysis of accessory mineralization presented with triphylite, montebrasite, and other Lithium phosphates has been carried out. These minerals were detected in pegmatites and in metasomatically altered host rocks. They can be reliable criteria during geological exploration of Lithium at other locations of Shpola-Tashlyk ore district.
THE HISTORY OF MINERALOGY IN THE WORKS OF ACADEMICIAN YEVHEN LAZARENKO, HIS STUDENTS AND FOLLOWERS (To the 110th Anniversary of the Scientist's Birth)
Authors: Matkovskyi O.I. , Slyvko Ye.M.
Published: December 2022

The mineralogical science history occupies a prominent place in academician Ye. Lazarenko's scientific and pedagogical works: in monographic summaries of regional and genetic mineralogy, five editions of the textbook "Course of Mineralogy", the famous "Mineralogical Dictionary". A number of separate articles (individual or with co-authors) are devoted to the history of mineralogy in general and Ukraine in particular. Not all of the scientist's ideas were realized during his lifetime, but students and followers of Yevhen Kostiantynovych — representatives of the scientific mineralogical school that bears his name, a member of the Ukrainian Mineralogical Society, try to continue the work of their teacher. Various aspects of the history of the development of mineralogical research are covered in specialized publications — "Mineralogical Collection", "Mineralogical Journal", "Proceedings of the Ukrainian Mineralogical Society". They are discussed at scientific readings named after Academician Ye. Lazarenko, congresses of the Ukrainian Mineralogical Society and other scientific forums. The separate chapters in modern textbooks, educational aids, reference publications are devoted to the history of mineralogical development in Ukraine and in general; in recent years a number of specialized monographic publications were published.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF VARIATIONS IN HF RADIO WAVE PARAMETERS IN THE IONOSPHERE DURING THE COURSE OF THE SOLAR ECLIPSE OF JUNE 21, 2020 OVER THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Chernogor L. , Garmash K. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Guo Q. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Luo Y. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Rozumenko V. ,   V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, Zheng Y. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: December 2022

Subject and Purpose.The study of the effect that each new Solar eclipse (SE) has on radio wave characteristics is an actual scientific and technical issue. The purpose of the present work is to analyze the variations in Doppler spectra (DS), Doppler shift of frequency (DSF), and in the reflected wave amplitude (RWA) that were observed during the SE of June 21, 2020 over the People’s Republic of China. Methods and Methodology.The observations of HF radio wave characteristics were made using the Harbin Engineering University multi-frequency multipath coherent radio system. The temporal variations in DS, DSF of the main ray and RWA are analyzed further. The variations in the Doppler frequency shift (DSF) were subjected to a systematic spectral analysis that involved joint application of the windowed Fourier transform, adaptive Fourier decomposition, and the Morlet mother-function-based wavelet transformation. Results. The SE was accompanied by DS diffuseness resulting from an increase in the number of rays. The DSF temporal variations were observed to be bi-polar and asymmetrical, with extreme DSF magnitudes varying from –11 to –40 mHz and from 22 to 56 mHz. The duration of processes with negative DSF values varied from 50 to 80 min, and the duration of processes with positive DSF changed from 30 to 80 min. The multi-hop propagation (from two to five hops) took place along all propagation paths, with a 360 to 560-km one-hop range. The 4–5-min period quasi-periodic DSF variations showed 20–50 mHz amplitude, and the 8–18-min period variations exhibited 40–100 mHz amplitude. The relative amplitudes of the 4–5 min period quasi-periodic variations in the electron density were observed to be in the 0.3–6.2% range, and the amplitudes of the 8–18 min period variations were found to be in the 1.1–21.7% range. A decrease in the electron density along different propagation paths was observed to vary from –(12–16)% to –(20–26)%.
Seismic site classification of the Costa Rican Strong-Motion Network based on VS30 measurements and site fundamental period
Authors: Pinzón Luis A. , Hidalgo-Leiva Diego A. , Moya-Fernández Aarón , Schmidt-Díaz Victor , Pujades Luis G.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a new seismic site classification for the Costa Rican Strong-Motion Network (CRSMN) is proposed. The soil profile classification of the Costa Rican Seismic Code based on the average shear-wave velocity of the top 30 m (VS30) is used as a reference. The site fundamental period (Tf) is included as a parameter to complement the existing characterization. For this, the VS30 measurements from 52 accelerometric stations are related to the site fundamental period obtained through horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) using ground motion records from the Costa Rican Strong-Motion Database. The H/V ratios are estimated with 5% damped acceleration response spectra and with traditional Fourier amplitude spectra from the S-wave window. From the relation between VS30 and Tf, different ranges of Tf are assigned to the existing soil profile classification and a graph with three-lines and four-areas is proposed to classify the stations of the CRSMN.
Factors affecting topographic thresholds in gully erosion occurrence and its management using predictive machine learning models
Authors: Valipour Mahdieh , Mohseni Neda , Hosseinzadeh Seyed Reza
Published: December 2022

Soil degradation induced by gully erosion represents a worldwide problem in the many arid and semi-arid countries, such as Iran. This study assessed: (1) the importance of variables that control gully erosion using the Boruta algorithm, (2) the relationship among causative variables and gullied locations using the evidential belief function model (EBF), and (3) gully erosion development using the algorithms of boosted regression tree (BRT) and support vector machine (SVM). Based on the results of the Boruta algorithm, slope, land use, lithology, plan curvature, and elevation were the most important factors controlling gully erosion. The results of the EBF model showed the predominance of gully erosion on rangeland and loess-marl deposition. The predominance of gullied locations on the concave positions, with the slope of 5°–20° in the vicinity of drainage lines, illustrates a preferential topographic zone and, therefore, a terrain threshold for gullying. The correlation of gullied locations with rangelands and weak soils in concave positions demonstrates that the interactions among soil characteristics, topography, and land use stimulate a low topographic threshold for gullies development. These relationships are consistent with the threshold concept that a given soil, land use, and climate within a given landscape encourage a given drainage area and a critical soil surface slope that are necessary for gully incision. Furthermore, the BRF-SVM had the highest efficiency and the lowest root mean square error, followed by BRT for predicting gully development, compared with LN-SVM algorithm. The application of two machine learning methods for predicting the gully head cut susceptibility in northern Iran showed that the maps generated by these algorithms could provide an appropriate strategy for geo-conservation and restoration efforts in gullying-prone areas.
The effects of water acidity and engineering properties on rock durability
Authors: Khajevand Reza , Fereidooni Davood
Published: December 2022

Fifteen sedimentary rock samples of four rock types including sandstone, limestone, travertine and conglomerate were collected from Damghan area, northern Iran. Mineralogical studies and laboratory experiments were performed to assess physical properties, Schmidt hardness, P-wave velocity, slake-durability index, uniaxial compressive, point load, Brazilian tensile and block punch strengths of the rocks. The studied rock samples are mainly composed of quartz, calcite and dolomite with different textures. The slake-durability test was carried out up to ten cycles in fluids with different pH. The utilized test fluids were natural water with pH of 7 and sulfuric acid solutions with pH of 5.5 and 4. Based on the results, the slake-durability index is affected by pH of the test fluids. Also, the different rock types had distinctive slaking behaviors. Decreasing rate of slake-durability index at initial cycles is higher than the end cycles the same as weight loss rate of the specimens. Regression analyses showed that the evaluated parameters are correlated to the slake-durability index. In other words, the slake-durability index of the studied rock samples is greatly affected by their mineral composition, texture, physical properties such as porosity and closely related to strength parameters of the rocks. This led to extraction of empirical equations for determining essential characteristics of the rocks from the slake-durability index.
Computation and Analysis of Geopotential Number in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Silva Valéria Cristina , Blitzkow Denizar , Almeida Flávio Guilherme Vaz , Matos Ana Cristina Oliveira Cancoro , Guimarães Gabriel do Nascimento
Published: December 2022

In recent decades, important steps have been taken to implement the physical concepts of Geodesy in practice, con- cerning height systems. Despite the difficulties involving gravity field modeling, with the establishment of conventions, standards, and computation strategies, the realization of the International Height Reference System (IHRS) is well underway. For a global system, there are constraints for some countries, especially for those with sparse gravity data, mountain regions, and vast areas. In terms of methodology, the computation can be performed directly using the Global Geopotential Models (GGM), recovering existing geoid models, or determining pointwise the gravity potential using integral formulas. In general, the regional gravity modeling is given by numerical integration or least-squares collocation and more recently adopting the spherical radial basis functions. The first approach allows determining the earth’s gravity component at a specific point and adjusting the integral formula according to the gravity coverage. Since so far there is no common sense about the best methodology, computation strategies are been analyzed. In this con- text, the paper aims to contribute to IHRF, computing the geopotential number in the scope of IHRF, using numerical integration to solve the Geodetic Boundary Value Problem and an existing recent quasi-geoid model in four stations in São Paulo state, Brazil. The first approach was performed considering two cases: a radius of 210 km and 110 km of gravimetric data coverage and the Global Geopotential Model GOCO05S truncated at 100 and 200, respectively. The results between solutions have shown a maximum difference of 94 cm, and a minimum difference of 10 cm.
Supervivencia observada en tres familias de tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) infectadas con Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Sánchez Roncancio C. O. , Fonseca de Freitas R. T
Published: December 2022

La estreptococosis es una de las principales enfermedades en los peces de agua dulce que causa altas tasas de mortalidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta en la supervivencia a la infección por Streptococcus agalactiae en tres familias de tilapia. El experimento se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio de Enfermedades de los Peces de la Universidad Federal de Lavras. Se utilizaron peces con un peso de 93,7 ± 5,4 g de tres familias diferentes (FA, FB y FC). Se utilizaron 36 peces en cada unidad experimental, inoculados intraperitonealmente con 107 UFC/mL de Streptococcus agalactiae por peces y un grupo control por familia con 9 peces con 1 mL de caldo BHI (Infusión Cerebro Corazón) evaluados durante 15 días. No hubo mortalidad del grupo control. Se observó la presencia de exoftalmia, coloración oscura en todo el cuerpo, letargo y dilatación abdo­minal antes de la muerte en las tres familias evaluadas expuestas al patógeno. El estimador no paramétrico de Kaplan-Meier se utilizó para observar las curvas de supervivencia. Durante los 15 días del desafío, el tiempo promedio de supervivencia de un individuo en las familias FA, FB y FC fue de 9,4; 6,90 y 8,14 días, respectivamente. Pruebas de Log-rank y Peto & Peto para evaluar la diferencia entre las curvas de supervivencia arrojaron que no hubo diferencias significativas entre las familias evaluadas (P=0,08 y P= 0,09), respectivamente.
Isolation of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended spectrum β-lactamases from dog urine of the Metropolitan Area of the Aburrá Valley Antioquia-Colombia
Authors: Ochoa A. M. , García M. I. , Cienfuegos A.V. , Vásquez-Jaramillo L.
Published: December 2022

Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens causing urinary tract infections in humans and animals. Close contact between humans and companion animals can facilitate the spread of multidrugresistant pathogens between both species. Objective: To characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) -producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections in the metropolitan area of Valle del Aburrá (Antioquia, Colombia). Methods: Three-hundred seventy-one urine samples collected from March 2018 to March 2019 in a veterinary clinical laboratory were analyzed. E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were detected in chromogenic agar and identified by biochemical tests. Susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion and ESBL production was evaluated by the double disk test in all isolates. MIC determination of ESBL-positive isolates were performed on the automated VITEK®2 system. Multiple PCR was used for the detection of CTX-M beta-lactamases (group 1, 2, 9 and 8/25), SHV, TEM and AmpC of plasmid origin in ESBL-positive isolates. Results: In total 22 out 371 isolates were positive for ESBL production by double disc test, 11 E. coli (ESBL-Ec) and 11 K. pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp). The multiple PCR detected CTX-M group 1 in the 22 ESBL-positive isolates. Multi-drug resistance was observed in all ESBL-producing isolates Conclusions:  A high frequency of antibiotic multi-resistance was found in ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp. The main ESBL detected was CTX-M group 1, which also prevails in human isolates.
Chalcocondyles Latinus •
Authors: Mészáros Tamás
Published: December 2022

Zurich scholar Konrad Clauser's translation of Chalkokondyles was printed in 1556 at Oporinus' publishing house in Basel. The present paper reconstructs the circumstances of the formation of that translation, provides a detailed account of the publication, attempts to establish which manuscript may have served as the basis for the translation, and presents an outline of the immediate reception of the translation.
Analysis of scopolamine and its related substances by means of high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Obradović Darija , Pešić Ivana , Čarapić Marija , Lazović Saša , Agbaba Danica
Published: December 2022

The retention behaviour of scopolamine (hyoscine) and its related compounds (norhyoscine, atropine, homatropine, and noratropine) was investigated on the silica-based HPLC stationary phase. The retention of investigated tropane alkaloids was interpreted by using the Soczewiński-Wachtmeister equation. A high correlation between the retention parameter (log k) and lipophilicity (log P) (R = 0.9923) confirms the significant influence of hydrophobic interactions on the retention behaviour of the aforementioned compounds. It was found that by increasing the acetonitrile fraction, a decrease in retention of the more polar epoxide derivatives (scopolamine, norhyoscine) and an increase in retention of the more lipophilic derivatives (atropine, noratropine, homatropine) is obtained. The best separation of the tropane alkaloids was achieved by a simple procedure that involved a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 40 mM ammonium acetate/0.05% TEA, pH 6.5; 50:50 v/v. Selected conditions were assumed for the determination of scopolamine hydrochloride in the eye drops (Scopolamini hydrobromidum 0.25%). The method was validated and it was found as selective, sensitive, precise, accurate, and robust for the further qualitative analysis of the scopolamine-related compounds.
Lingual Gingival Augmentation of Mandibular Implants
Authors: Flanagan Dennis
Published: December 2022

Dental implants may require attached tissue to prevent peri-mucositis or peri-implantitis. When there is a lack of attached tissue at the mandibular lingual aspect of dental implants, a free gingival graft may be done after careful consideration of nearby anatomical structures. An acryl stent can be used to protect the site from oral functioning.
“Iran’s Shiite Influence Belt Policy: The Example of Bahraini Shiites
Authors: KARAOĞLU Orhan
Published: December 2022

Along with the Persian perspective inherited from the Persian Empire, Shi'ism has significantly influenced and continues to influence the geopolitical and geo-cultural education of present-day Iran. With its politicization, Shi'ism has become one of the most important factors, perhaps the most important, in the formation and preservation of Iran's national identity. Iran, which is in contact with Shiites living in various regions such as Middle East-Africa-Central Asia, intensified this contact after the Arab Spring process. In this article, Shiites in Bahrain are discussed in the context of Iran's Shiite Influence Zone Policy. In the article, firstly, general information about the sociological and religious structure of Bahrain has been given, and then the characteristics of the Shiite groups and leaders in Bahrain have been mentioned. Then, the level and activities of these groups' relations with Iran, the Shiite militia groups, their characteristics, and their work on behalf of Iran are discussed. The research has carried out based on the literature review.
Remote teaching and COVID-19: perceptions of professors and students about the teaching-learning process of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Authors: Rocha Kellen Mariane Athaide , Goulart Aline da Silva , Salgueiro Andréia Caroline Fernandes , Folmer Vanderlei
Published: December 2022

Since 2019 the world has witnessed the health crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for causing COVID-19. The imposed social distancing conditions forced the university community to suspend face-to-face classes. In this context, the shift to remote learning has become a challenge due to the need not to compromise the learning process. Thus, the present study have aimed to report the experience of academics and professors facing remote classes in the curricular components of Chemistry and Biochemistry in different undergraduate courses. The present study have adopted a qualitative approach that is characterized as descriptive. The research was carried out in 3 different campuses of a Federal Public University in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and the research instrument consisted of online questionnaires intended for teachers and students. The results show the perception of students and professors on the restructuring of curricular components, perception of learning, perception of remote teaching and the use of technologies, and professors' perception on hybrid learning, which is considered a good format for the demands of contemporary society. Through the results obtained, it can be concluded that remote teaching provided changes and reflections on teaching practice, potentially significant learning due to new skills and development of students' autonomy.
CYCLICITY OF IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL CLEAVAGES IN THE ELECTORAL SPACE
Authors:   Institute of International Studies MGIMO MFA of Russia, Okunev I. Yu.
Published: December 2022

The Lipset-Rokkan cleavages cover the period before the formation of the basic structure of the modern ideological spectrum and, accordingly, the party system, but this does not mean that new types of splits cannot continue to fragment communities. Interestingly, some cleavages continue the logic of the described divisions, simply acting in new conditions, so we can talk about the cyclical nature of ideological and political cleavages. Two types of splits dominate today's party systems, which are cyclical repetitions of previous cleavages and support two key axes of the ideological spectrum. The degree of their impact on the structure of party systems, of course, varies from country to country. The split “center – periphery” fades and flows into “urban – rural”, then into “globalization – sovereignization”. Also, the “state-church” split fades and flows into “owners-workers”, then into “survival-self-expression”. At the same time, in each era, two dominant principles of split coexist – territorial, which projects the ideological axis "egalitarianism - elitism" and functional, which supports the ideological axis "individualism - communitarianism". It can be said that the continuity of political and party systems is ensured by the cyclicality, coexistence and resonation of ideological and political divisions.
THE POLITICS OF MEMORY IN THE STEPPES OF TRANSBAIKALIA: MNEMONIC LANDSCAPE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA
Authors:   Institute for Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Efremenko D. V.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the problems of memory politics in modern Buryatia. The example of Buryatia demonstrates the specifics of memory politics at the regional level, where mnemonic interactions and narratives may differ from the corresponding processes at the federal level. Like most regions with autonomy status, Buryatia is distinguished by a more intense regime of historical memory compared to regions where ethnicity has no territorial dimension. The interactions of key mnemonic actors are considered, the main zones of conflicts associated with different interpretations of the historical past are identified. Particular attention is paid to the politics of memory associated with the role of Buddhism in the history and culture of the region.
DOKSORUBİSİN İLE OLUŞTURULAN BÖBREK HASARINDA LERKANİDİPİNİN ANTİOKSİDAN VE ANTİAPOPTOTİK ETKİLERİNİN BCL-2/BAX/SİT C/ CAS-3 YOLAĞI ÜZERİNDEN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: İLHAN İlter , AŞCI Halil , SEVÜK Mehmer Abdulkadir , İMECİ Orhan Berk , MİLLETSEVER Adem , SANCER Okan
Published: December 2022

Amaç

Doksorubisin (Dox) kemoterapide kullanılan antineoplastik

bir ilaçtır. Nefrotoksisite, Dox’un kullanımını

kısıtlayan önemli yan etkilerden biridir. Bir kalsiyum

kanal blokeri olan lerkanidipinin (Ler) antioksidan ve

antiapoptotik özellik gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda,

sıçanlarda oluşturulan Dox uygulaması ile

tetiklenen böbrek hasarında Ler’in oksidatif stres ve

apoptoz üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem

Yirmi dört adet erişkin erkek sıçan; kontrol, Dox (8.

günde bir kez intraperitoneal 20 mg/kg) ve Dox+Ler

(8. günde bir kez intraperitoneal 20 mg/kg Dox, her

gün oral gavaj ile 2 mg/kg Ler 10 gün boyunca) şeklinde

3 eşit gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda sakrifiye

edilen sıçanların kanlarından kan üre azotu (BUN) ve

kreatinin ile alınan böbrek dokusundan total oksidan

seviyesi (TOS), total antioksidan seviyesi (TAS) ve

süperoksid dismutaz (SOD) enzim aktivitesi ölçülmüştür.

Ayrıca, böbrek dokusunda Bcl-2-ilişkili X proteini

(Bax), B hücreli lenfoma-2 (Bcl-2), sitokrom c (sit

c) ve kaspaz-3 (Cas-3) mRNA ekspresyon düzeyleri

kantitatif gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu

yöntemiyle ölçülmüştür. Ek olarak hematoksilen-eozin

boyama ile böbrekteki histopatolojik değişimler

incelenmiştir.

Bulgular

Çalışmamızda, Dox uygulaması BUN, kreatinin, TOS

ve oksidatif stres indeks seviyelerini yükseltirken,

SOD aktivitesi ve TAS seviyelerini azaltmıştır. Ayrıca

Dox grubunda proapoptotik belirteçlerin (Bax, sit c ve

Cas-3) ekspresyonu artarken antiapoptotik bir faktör

olan Bcl-2’nin ekspresyonu azalmıştır. Histolojik incelemelerde

ise Dox’a bağlı böbrek hasarını gösteren

bulgular gözlenmiştir. Ler uygulaması, böbrekte

Dox’a bağlı tüm değişiklikleri sınırlayarak koruyucu

etkiler göstermiştir.

Sonuç

Çalışmamız Ler’in antioksidan ve antiapoptotik özellikler

göstererek Dox’un neden olduğu böbrek hasarını

önlemede potansiyel bir aday olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Kıbrıs Adası ve Çevresinde Depremlerin Zamansal ve Mekânsal Dağılımı: Jeoistatistiksel Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: ALEVKAYALI Çağan , DİNDAR Hilmi
Published: December 2022

Yer kabuğundaki ani hareketler sonucunda meydana gelen depremler ortaya çıktıkları bölgenin tektonizması ile ilişkilidir. Kıbrıs adası ve Kıbrıs Yayı; Afrika, Avrasya ve Arap levhalarının kesiştiği bölgede Alp-Himalaya Orojenez Kuşağı’nın bir üyesidir. Bundan dolayı Kıbrıs Adası ve çevresi sismik açıdan aktif bir bölgedir. Depremlerin sismik özellikleri ve mekânsal ilişkilerinin ortaya konulması o bölgedeki fay sisteminin ve tektonizmanın işleyişi hakkında bilgiler vermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kıbrıs Adası ve çevresinde depremlerin zamansal ve mekânsal dağılımını jeoistatistiksel yöntemlerle ortaya koyarak sismik aktivitenin fay hatları ile olan ilişkisinin açıklanmasıdır. Böylece Kıbrıs Adası ve çevresinde depremlerin mekânsal yoğunluğu Kernel yoğunluk fonksiyonundan yararlanılarak belirlenmiştir. Depremlerin mekânsal kümelenme özellikleri Anselin Yerel Moran’ın I ve Getis-Ord-Gi* Kümelenme Analizleri kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma alanında depremlerin zamansal-mekânsal değişimleri, standart sapma elipsi, ortalama merkezi ve medyan merkezi hesaplanarak ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar depremlerin Kıbrıs Yayı’nın batısında ve Kıbrıs Adasının güneybatısında yoğunlaştığını göstermiştir. Kıbrıs Adası ve çevresinde depremlerin mekânsal kümelenme özelliklerine bakıldığında kuzeybatıda küçük depremlerin, güneydoğuda ise büyük depremlerin kümelenme gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Kıbrıs Adası’nın güneyindeki depremlerin mekânsal yoğunluğu fazla olmasına rağmen bu bölgede küçük veya büyük depremlerin anlamlı bir kümelenmesi test edilememiştir. Son olarak bu çalışmada Kıbrıs Adası ve çevresinde gerçekleşen depremlerin yıllar arasında mekânsal ortalama ve ortanca merkezlerinin Kıbrıs Yayı boyunca doğu-batı yönlerinde yer değiştirdiği ortaya konulmuştur.
Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenezinde Aksu-Samsat (Adıyaman) Profil Hattının Jeolojik Özellikleri
Authors: KORUCU Özlem , IŞIK Veysel
Published: December 2022

Alpin-Himalaya Orojenezinin bir parçasını oluşturan Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenezi, (GAO) Geç Kretase-Senozoyik süresince Avrasya ve Afrika/Arap Levhalarının göreceli olarak birbirlerine yaklaşımı, Neo-Tetis Okyanusunun güney kolunun yitimi, okyanusal kabuk kayalarının üzerlemesi, okyanus havzasının daralması/kapanması ve kıta-kıta çarpışması, değişen tektonik rejimlerde çökel ortamları ve yoğun deformasyon gelişimini temsil eder. GAO kuzeyden güneye doğru Nap bölgesi, Ekay zonu ve Arap Platformu olarak üç ana yapısal bölümden oluşur. Bu çalışmaya konu olan Aksu-Samsat profil hattı ve harita alanı bu yapısal bölümlerden Nap bölgesi ile Arap Platformunu içermektedir. Profil hattı yersel ve bölgesel ölçekli uyumsuzluklar ile farklı ölçeklerde kıvrım ve fay gelişimlerini barındırır. Fayların çoğu ters ve bindirme karakterli faylardır; havza çökellerini denetleyen ve/veya kesen sınırlı gelişime sahip normal faylar ile önceki yapıları ve litolojileri etkilemiş genç doğrultu atımlı faylar/fay zonları da yer almaktadır. Kıvrımlar farklı geometrilerde ve antiklinal/antiform ve senklinal/sinform özelliklidir.

Bölgede ve profil hattı boyunca paleotektonik ve neotektonik rejim dönemleri işaret eden beş deformasyon evresi belirlenmiştir; bu evreler sırasıyla üst Kampaniyen-alt Maestrihtiyen, üst Palesen-alt Eosen, orta Eosen sonu, erken Miyosen sonu ve Pliyosen-Kuvaterner evreleridir. Üst Kampaniyen-alt Maestrihtiyen evresi özellikle Koçali ofiyolit melanj ve Karadut karmaşığı kayalarının Koçali ve Karadut dekolmanları boyunca bölgeye yerleşimini temsil ederken, üst Paleosen-alt Eosen evresi kuzey alanların yükselip aşınması ve Gercüş formasyonunun uyumsuz olarak çökelmesi ile ilişkilidir. Orta Eosen sonu evresi, bölgesel sıkışma rejimine bağlı Midyat grubu ve örttüğü önceki litolojilerin kıvrımlanması ve faylanması ile temsil olur. Erken Miyosen sonu evresi, bölgedeki metamorfitlerin ve Maden karmaşığını oluşturan kayaların Aksu fay zonu boyunca platformun genç çökelleri üzerine (Silvan grubu) yerleşimi ve erken Miyosen ve öncesi kayaların yaygın deformasyonu ile temsil olur. Alanı etkileyen Pliyosen-Kuvaterner deformasyon evresi ile özellikle sol yanal doğrultu atımlı fayların (Örn., Adıyaman fay zonu) gelişimi ile tipiktir. İnceleme alanı ve yakın civarındaki stratigrafik oluşum ve deformasyon gelişimi, orojenezin diğer kesimleri ile önemli ölçüde korele edilmektedir.
Enhancing the Frequency–Bessel Spectrogram of Ambient Noise Cross-Correlation Functions
Authors: Zhang Gongheng , Liu Qi , Chen Xiaofei
Published: December 2022

The frequency–Bessel (F–J) spectrogram has been used for the extraction of multimodal dispersion curves to constrain the fine crustal shear-wave velocity structure. The original F–J spectrogram was contaminated with curved as well as straight crossed artifacts, which hindered obtaining the dispersion curves, while introducing a considerable error in the inversion result. Curved crossed artifacts in the multicomponent F–J spectrogram are typically removed using the modified F–J transform formulas; to remove straight crossed artifacts, we used the so-called k-filtering method. Based on a synthetic test and field data from the central Asian orogenic belt, we show that our proposed methods can enhance the multicomponent F–J spectrograms by efficiently removing the two types of crossed artifacts, while identifying more higher modes dispersion curves, and the accuracy of picking can also be improved.
Treatment for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Using Onasemnogene Abeparvovec
Authors: Bekircan-Kurt Can Ebru ,   Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA, Waldrop Megan A ,   Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA,   Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA, Connolly Anne M ,   Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA, Mendell Jerry R ,   Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
Published: December 2022

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the most common cause of death in infancy. Recently introduced molecular-based approaches have changed the poor prognosis, saved lives and improved the quality of life for those affected with SMA. Gene therapy uses an adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver and replace the mutant survival of motor neuron (SMN ) genes, SMN1 and SMN2. This review describes the development, relative safety and efficacy of intravenously delivered AAV for SMA type 1 and the intrathecal delivery for SMA type 2. For SMA, viral immunosuppressive treatment and AAV doses never used in clinical research or practice were required for success. As a prototype, the approach has greatly influenced the development of treatment for other childhood and adult diseases. Two additional pharmacologic agents, nusinersen and risdiplam, are clinically approved as alternative treatments. Both use antisense oligonucleotides and are briefly described in this review.
Patient Satisfaction in a Multidisciplinary Multiple Sclerosis Care Unit: A Swiss Single-centre Study
Authors: Wybitul Maha ,   Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,   Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland,   Department of Neurology, Spitalzentrum Biel/Bienne, Biel, Switzerland, Njago Harun ,   Department of Neurology, Spitalzentrum Biel/Bienne, Biel, Switzerland, Luczkiewicz Agata ,   Department of Neurology, Spitalzentrum Biel/Bienne, Biel, Switzerland, Pihan Hans ,   Department of Neurology, Spitalzentrum Biel/Bienne, Biel, Switzerland
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease. Patients are commonly diagnosed when they are between 20 to 50 years and require life-long treatment. Appropriate treatment is complex and involves a wide range of professional disciplines and expertise. This multifariousness highlights the need for multidisciplinary MS care units that offer a comprehensive and well-managed treatment approach. Such care units would enable (1) time-efficient organization and coordination, (2) better inter-, intradisciplinary and patient communication, (3) neurologists, nurses and therapists specialized in MS and (4) formalized diagnostic workup procedures and protocols for the initiation and follow-up of disease-modifying therapies. Methods: The current single-centre pilot study evaluated such a multidisciplinary MS care unit by measuring patient satisfaction and quality of life prior to and after the reorganization of a Swiss clinical centre. Results: A significant improvement in patient satisfaction was seen after the reorganization of the Swiss clinical centre into an MS centre, and quality of life was maintained throughout. Conclusion: This study exemplifies the importance of MS-specialized care and encourages further longitudinal, large-scale multicentre studies.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
Authors: Saputra Angky ,   Neurosurgery Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia, Sastro Benjamin ,   Internal Medicine Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia, Janitra Raka ,   Neurosurgery Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia, Sudjono Subagia Santosa ,   Radiology Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia, Satyanegara  ,   Neurosurgery Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia, Hasan Roslan Yusni ,   Neurosurgery Department, Mayapada Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by a combination of clinical and radiological features. PRES presents with the rapid onset of neurological symptoms, such as headache, convulsion, altered consciousness and visual disturbance. If PRES is recognized and treated early, it has a good prognosis. We present a patient with PRES due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and hypertension. This report aims to provide information for the early diagnosis and prompt management of SLE-related PRES to maximize patient outcomes. Case presentation: A 24-year-old woman came to the emergency department with an acute severe headache and visual disturbance. Two years earlier, she was diagnosed with SLE and hypertension. She was fully awake with normal orientation. Her initial blood pressure was 170/100 mmHg. Her visual acuity was 1/∞ (light perception only). Brain T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple hyperintensity patches at the occipital lobe and cerebellum; these findings suggested a diagnosis of PRES. Due to SLE-related PRES, she was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, and her blood pressure was monitored. Her blood pressure was maintained using a combination of oral antihypertensive drugs. She was also treated with intravenous phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis. Her symptoms resolved completely, and her visual acuity returned to normal after 2 days. She was discharged without any neurological sequelae. Conclusion: PRES is a clinical syndrome with specific imaging findings. The diagnosis of PRES requires thorough clinical and neuroimaging examinations. Identifying the underlying cause and delivering prompt treatment is important for achieving a better outcome and minimizing neurological sequelae or mortality in patients with PRES.
A Bird in the Hand: A Neurologist's Guide to Efficient Tweeting in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Garg Divyani ,   Department of Neurology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India, Agarwal Ayush ,   Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Vishnu Venugopalan Y ,   Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Published: December 2022

Social media platforms, such as Twitter, are increasingly used by clinicians, including neurologists. Twitter represents a convenient means to reach out to fellow clinicians, researchers and patients alike. To make maximum use of these platforms, they must be used pragmatically and within the ambit of ethical principles that guide all medical practice. As neurologists, familiarizing ourselves with the technical know-how and potential uses of Twitter empowers us best to use it as a valuable clinical and networking tool. Twitter offers diverse formats for a neurologist, thus enabling the creation and dissemination of specific types of information in the form of tweetorials, journal clubs, conference-based tweeting, tweetchats and the like. In this practical step-by-step guide, we demonstrate how to harness Twitter for myriad academic uses.
Neurological Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Role of Complement Activation
Authors: Jaffry Mustafa ,   Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA, Faiz Iqra ,   Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA, Jaffry Kazim ,   Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA, Souayah Nizar ,   Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
Published: December 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, while considered a respiratory illness, is associated with a wide range of neurological manifestations, with severity ranging from transient deficit to permanent disability and death. These neurological manifestations can be divided into central nervous system complications, which include cerebrovascular disease and encephalopathies, and peripheral nervous system complications, which involve the muscle (i.e. muscle injuries, myositis, and peripheral and cranial neuropathies). Complement overactivation has been observed clinically in many studies and is hypothesized to be involved in a variety of pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These include endothelial damage, thrombosis and hyperinflammation, all of which are completely interconnected and integrated. This article broadly describes the diverse neurological effects of coronavirus disease 2019 and delves into the current literature available on complement in this context.
Data Privacy-Preservation: A Method of Machine Learning
Authors: Achar Sandesh
Published: December 2022

The privacy-preservation field in cyber security tends to affiliate with the protection measure related to the use of data and its sharing via third parties for activities such as data analysis. The paper's main objective for this research article will be to use machine learning models that tend to aid as a privacy-preservation technique (PPT). The augmentation of machine learning as a technique for privacy preservation has been able to address the challenges facing the current field of cyber security concerning data protection and security. The paper summarizes the methods such as "federated learning" to address the current issue in the network security field relating to data protection. The rise of augmentation of machine learning in privacy preservation is due to the development of cloud-based applications that are usually prone to data protection issues. Thus, the result of machine learning was necessary to counteract data insecurity. However, the use of machine learning in privacy preservation has remained proficient; there still needs to be a literature gap between the theory and the application of machine learning.
Seamless Transition of a Microgrid Between Grid-Connected and Islanded Mode
Authors: Matarweh Julie B.
Published: December 2022

This thesis focuses on improving the behavior of inverters during transition periods from islanded mode to grid-connected mode (GC) and vice-versa. A systematic approach is presented to add smart features to inverters to enhance their capability to cope with sudden changes in the power system.

The importance of microgrids lies in their ability to provide a stable and reliable source of power for critical loads in the presence of faults. For this purpose, a design is proposed consisting of a distributed energy resource (DER), battery energy storage system (BESS) and a load connected through a bypass switch with the main utility distribution substation. The BESS is connected to the AC distribution feeder through a smart inverter that is controlled in both modes of operations. The system was tested using MATLAB/Simulink models and the results show proof of the seamless transition between the two modes of operation. The cost of building the software system was unnoticeable due to the availability of a MATLAB license but the real cost of the hardware needed to build the system will be moderate though the importance will be significant.