bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SABUN CAIR VCO (VIRGIN COCONUT OIL) DAN SABUN CAIR MCT (MEDIUM CHAIN TRYGLISERIDA) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Susanti Nina Pratiwi , Subagja Subagja , Haryati Eti , Nurpatmawati Nurpatmawati , Primadi Yahya Ade
Published: March 2023

Sabun cair yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yaitu sabun cair VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) dan sabun cair MCT (Medium Chain Trygliserida). Sabun cair VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) mengandung Senyawa Antibakteri Berupa Asam Laurat Dan Asam Kaprat, MCT (Medium Chain Trygliserida) mengandung Senyawa Antibakteri Berupa Asam Laurat, Asam Kapriliat, dan Asam Kaprat. Bakteri Staphyloccocus areus merupakan patogenesis masalah kulit. Penelitian ini  untuk  mengetahui  perbandingan  aktivitas  antibakteri  sabun  cair  VCO  (Virgin Coconut  Oil)  dan  sabun  cair  (Medium  Chain  Trygliserida)  terhadap Staphylococcus  aureus. 
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi sumuran untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri dengan media pertumbuhan nutrient agar. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan cara VCO  (Virgin  Coconut  Oil)  dan  MCT (Medium  Chain  Trygliserida)  diformulasikan  menjadi  sediaan  sabun  cair pada konsentrasi 15%, 30% dan 45. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan adanya perbandingan aktivitas antibakteri sabun cair VCO dan sabun cair MCT terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus areus dengan adanya zona bening  X1 sabun cair ekstrak VCO (15%) 13,20mm,  X2 sabun cair ekstrak VCO (30%) 19,76mm, X3 sabun cair ekstrak VCO (45% )21,41mm, Z1 sabun cair ekstrak MCT (15%)16,90mm, Z2 sabun cair ekstrak MCT (30%) 21,56mm, dan Z3 sabun cair ekstrak MCT (45%) 24,27mm.
Sabun cair VCO (Virgin  Coconut  Oil) dan sabun cair MCT (Medium  Chain  Trygliserida) Konsentrasi yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling besar terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yaitu konsentrasi 45%.
UJIAKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI GRANUL SERBUK LIMBAH IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus affinis) DENGAN BAHAN TAMBAHAN KULIT BIJI PADI (Oryza Sativa L.)TERHADAP BAKTERI Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Meiria A Dwi , Nuari Ris Ayu , Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , Pandanwangi Siti , Hernawan Tatang , Haerunnisa Tita
Published: March 2023

Senyawa antibakteri merupakan suatu senyawa yang dapat mencegah terjadinya pertumbuhan dan reproduksi bakteri (Alfiyaturohmah et al., 2014) dapat juga sebagai pengendali dalam pertumbuhan bakteri, terutama bakteri yang bersifat merugikan. Pseudomonas fluorescens merupakan salah satu mikroorganisme antagonis untuk pengendalian hayati (Nasrun et al. 2016) dan penginduksi ketahanan tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sediaan granul limbah Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) dengan bahan tambahan kulit biji padi (Oryza sativa L.) sebagai antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens serta untuk mengetahui pada konsentrasi berapa yang paling efektif.
Metode uji antibakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens yang digunakan adalah metode experimen dengan metode cetak lubang. Jenis penelitian ini digunakan untuk melakukan suatu percobaan
Konsentrasi granul serbuk limbah ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) dengan bahan tambahan kulit biji padi (Oryza sativa L.) setelah dilakukan uji mann whitneypada konsentrasi 2% menunjukan hasil nilai signifikasi 0,076 > 0,050 dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi yang paling efektif yaitu konsentrasi 2% karena tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dengan kontrol positif.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TABLET HISAP KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L.) DAN RIMPANG JAHE (Zingiber officinale) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Haryati Ety , Sari Rizka Noviana , Sari Rizka Noviana , Nurpatmawati Nurpatmawati , Zakiyah Fitri
Published: March 2023

Tanaman sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) dan rimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale) memiliki kandungan tanin, saponin dan flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Mempertimbangkan kemudahan dalam pemakaian maka ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) dan jahe (Zingiber officinale) dibuat sediaan tablet hisap yang lebih praktis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri tablet hisap kombinasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) dan rimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.
Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Tablet hisap dibuat dengan formula X1 perbandingan ekstrak daun sirih hijau dan rimpang jahe 2:2, formula X2 dengan perbandingan 3:1 dan formula X3 dengan perbandingan 1:3. Kontrol positif yang digunakan kloramfenikol 50 μg dan kontrol negatif yang digunakan tablet hisap tanpa ekstrak daun sirih hijau dan rimpang jahe. Aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan mengukur zona bening pada media agar padat. Hasil zona bening dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan Post Hoc.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zona bening yang dihasilkan untuk masing-masing formula yaitu X1 (10mm), formula X2 (8,09 mm), formula X3 (16,02 mm), kontrol negatif (3,22 mm) dan kontrol positif (16,27 mm). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data didapatkan bahwa tablet hisap kombinasi esktrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) dan rimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale) mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan formula X3 yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling besar dengan nilai sig ( 0,517 > 0,05).
Warranted Catholic Belief
Authors: Koons Benjamin Robert ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

Extending Alvin Plantinga’s model of warranted belief to the beliefs of groups as a whole, I argue that if the dogmatic beliefs of the Catholic Church are true, they are also warranted. Catholic dogmas are warranted because they meet the three conditions of my model: they are formed (1) by ministers functioning properly (2) in accordance with a design plan that is oriented towards truth and reliable (3) in a social environment sufficiently similar to that for which they were designed. I show that according to Catholic doctrine the authoritative spokespersons of the Church—ecumenical councils and popes—meet these conditions when defining dogmas. I also respond to the objection that the warrant of Catholic dogmas is defeated by the plurality of non-Catholic Christian sects that deny Catholic dogmas.
A Transcategorial Conception of Dynamis and Energeia
Authors: Unlu Hikmet ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

On the standard interpretation of Metaphysics IX, Aristotle proceeds from the original sense of δύναμις and ἐνέργεια to an ontological conception of these terms. This should raise the question of what is not ontological about the former and what is ontological about the latter. To address these questions I discuss the commentaries by Heidegger and Menn, which alone come close to addressing these issues. But their readings cannot neatly distinguish between the two senses of δύναμις and ἐνέργεια that we find in the Aristotelian text, thus compelling us to seek a better way of clarifying the standard interpretation, which I argue can be more precisely understood in the following way: δύναμις and ἐνέργεια in their customary meaning cannot be considered ontological in the sense that they have a particular locus among the categories, which is what sets them apart from their newer, ontological meaning. I conclude therefore that the text of Metaphysics IX can be understood as proceeding from an intracategorial conception of δύναμις and ἐνέργεια toward a transcategorial conception of these terms.
Von Hildebrand, Scheler, and Marcel on Interpreting One’s Friends
Authors: Gamache Joseph ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

It is generally accepted that truth is a norm of belief and that, whatever else this might mean, it implies that a person is obligated to believe a proposition only if it is true. Yet this seems to conflict with the norms by which friends form beliefs about each other. For instance, if friends are required to practice interpretive charity in the formation of their beliefs about each other, obligations to believe propositions that are false might arise. In this paper, I assume that there is some such obligation of interpretive charity, and I investigate whether it may be reconciled with the truth-norm. I take for my starting point an account of interpretive charity from the work of Dietrich von Hildebrand, which I develop by critical retrieval of related works by Max Scheler and Gabriel Marcel. The paper concludes that Marcel’s thought on fidelity and reflection is best suited to complete von Hildebrand’s account in such a way as to achieve the sought-after reconciliation of the norms of truth and friendship
Repenser autonomie, nature, et durabilité en anthropocène. Perspectives interdisciplinaires
Authors: Perruchoud Stéphanie , Banwell Nicola , Roelens Camille ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

This essay proposes interdisciplinary work converging around a concept (the Anthropocene), a philosophical tradition (phenomenology), and an author (Merleau-Ponty) in order to overcome the limits of intelligibility to which can be confronted approaches that favor a single perspective on these themes, or a single theme approached from different perspectives. The first section of the essay develops a triple return to the foundations of the problem which interests us by treating in a synthetic manner the following three questions: what is the Anthropocene? What does the idea of human autonomy truly mean? Can phenomenology help us think their encounter? The second section briefly introduces the reflective context in which Merleau-Ponty developed his thinking on Nature, on the human being as it emerges from Nature, and on technique in its relation both to the human being and to Nature. By adopting Merleau-Pontyan thought as a critical framework, the third section examines the current paradigm for the co-production of scientific knowledge and its implication for the inclusion of non-human nature.
L’arca terra si muove. Merleau-Ponty e il dibattito sull’Antropocene
Authors: Missiroli Paolo ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

In this article, I examine the debate about the Anthropocene through the lens of two images that animate this debate like presuppositions: that of the Globe and that of the Earth. After analyzing the characteristics of the former, I attempt to define the status of the concept of Earth in Merleau-Ponty’s works in relation to the concepts of Nature, life, and background. In a final section, I attempt to valorize the main theoretical objectives achieved by reading Merleau-Ponty in the direction of a new reflection on the notion of the Anthropocene, beyond the Promethean discourse on the Anthropocene (which originates in a vision of the planet as a Globe). For this, we will read together some recent works by Dipesh Chakrabarty and Jeremy Devies that focus precisely on the attempt to rethink the Anthropocene beyond the image of the Globe.
Asking Different Questions: a Decolonial Reading of Merleau-Ponty’s Institution Course Notes
Authors: Guenther Lisa ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

In this essay, I draw on Merleau-Ponty’s Institution Course Notes to clarify Patrick Wolfe’s claim that, for settler colonialism, “invasion is a structure, not an event.” I also engage critically with colonial assumptions in Merleau-Ponty’s own work, including his Eurocentric response to questions such as: “[I]s there a field of world history or universal history? Is there an intended accomplishment? A closure on itself? A true society?” In this essay, I ask different questions – with Merleau-Ponty, against him, and beyond him. I neither defend Merleau-Ponty against his own worst self nor disown him as “bad” philosophical kin. Rather, I learn what I can from Merleau-Ponty for a critical phenomenology of settler colonialism and for amplifying movements to transform and abolish settler colonial structures at the level of thought, being, and politics.
Il luogo del sogno e l’allucinazione negativa. Merleau-Ponty e Freud
Authors: De Silvestri Elena ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

In his notes for the course entitled “The Problem of Passivity: Sleep, the Unconscious, Memory,” Merleau-Ponty describe the notion of “negative hallucination” as “a perception, but not recognized for what it is.” This essay analyses this figure as it is taken up by Merleau-Ponty in direct dialogue with Freud’s work. To begin, through the double category of the “negative” and the “perceived,” Merleau-Ponty broaches the question of the “place” of dreams by adopting an eccentric position that sheds light on an unexplored pathway of Freudian theory. Moreover, a crucial point can be found in the idea of a negative margin, that appears to implicitly configure a redefinition of the hallucinatory in the direction of chiasm. To highlight this aspect, I review in a preliminary manner some passages of Phenomenology of Perception in which the question of the “place” of negative hallucination emerges in particularly dramatic terms.
L’espressione dell’incommensurabile. Una lettura dell’ontologia di Merleau-Ponty alla luce del problema dell’incommensurabilità
Authors: Pasquinucci Pietro ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

This essay aims to shed new light on Merleau-Ponty’s later ontology through the analysis of the problem of incommensurable, by taking into consideration Gaetano Chiurazzi’s work, Dynamis. Ontologia dell’incommensurabile. Merleau-Ponty’s concept of expression is assumed as the reading key of this comparison: it allows to connect the theme of incommensurability (considered in the first part) both to the problem of history and of intersubjective relationship (analyzed in the second part), and to the fundamental problem of perception (third part). In particular, the analysis of the concept of expression will stress the ontological value of the phenomenological description of perception, pointing out a particular affinity between the ontology of incommensurable and the phenomenological approach. Therefore, the discovery of incommensurability and the phenomenological method will be interpreted as two different starting points for one and the same path, which leads to a non-substantialist and relational conception of Being. Rather than providing a new interpretation of this definition of Being, this comparison aims to make it clearer and better understandable, by underlining some of its essential aspects. In particular, I will consider the possibility to interpret consciousness and the subject as expressive events, analyzing the philosophical consequences of this definition.
Psychanalyse et philosophie. Perspectives et enjeux
Authors: Falque Emmanuel ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2023

The time of the confrontation between psychoanalysis and philosophy seems to belong in the past, and even to be outdated. A new path, however, is available to us today. We must concern ourselves less with the benefits of philosophy for psychoanalysis (claiming, for example, that it could illuminate that which it looks for differently) and more with the shockwaves that psychoanalysis has generated within philosophy. Philosophy, and phenomenology in particular, has reached its “limits.” These limits are not the limits of a discipline, but those of thought itself. “Can we think the unthinkable?” – such is the question that psychoanalysis asks phenomenology. By retracing Freud’s trajectory, and in particular his passage from the first to the second topical, which was caused by phenomena leading him to radicalize his thought (First World War, death of his daughter Sophie, cancer), this essay attempts to make visible how phenomenology, too, must now deepen its project. The expression « Ça n’a rien à voir » (in which Ça refers to the Freudian id) will say, strictly speaking, that the “Ça” in the second topic cannot be seen because it can neither be seen nor aimed at, and yet it always stays there. This obscure point of thought is also that which phenomenology today must attempt. It is on this basis, and on this basis only, that the confrontation between psychoanalysis “and” philosophy will find its impetus and be renewed.
Perspectives and trends in research ethics: A necessity
Authors: Johnkennedy Nnodim
Published: March 2023

Research ethics involves application of fundamental ethical concepts to research activities, such as the planning and carrying out of research, respect for society and other people, the use of resources and research outputs, scientific misconduct and the regulation of research. It is a crucial component of research that is affected by factors like public trust in scientists, data protection, anonymity, and confidentiality, as well as the capacity to establish and maintain relationships of trust with respondents. It encompasses not only the rules spelled out in a code of ethics, but also the researcher's philosophical and value viewpoint. The research ethics and its principle are x-rayed.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE STATE IN TURKEY IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: CHANGING POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF MÜSİAD
Authors: Köseoğlu Talha
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes the political discourse of the MÜSİAD under different political contexts since the establishment of the association. The analysis consists of three periods: (I) the formation years of MÜSİAD between 1990 and 1998; (II) the aftermath of the 28 February 1997 military intervention that covers the period from 1998 to the end of the 2000s; and (III) the third and fourth terms of Islamically-oriented Justice and Development Party (JDP) in the office as well as the first term of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan as the president that corresponds to the period after 2011. By a critical discourse analysis focusing on MÜSİAD’s publications—namely, the association’s periodical Çerçeve, its annual reports on Turkish economy and special reports, booklets, and books MÜSİAD published concerning specific themes such as privatization, foreign trade, constitutional reform and the EU, this paper argues that MÜSİAD’s claim of being independent of the state rooted in the clash between secular state policies and Islamic identity of the association rather than a bourgeois suspicion towards the state as seen in the Western European countries. While MÜSİAD reformulated its erstwhile critique after February 28 around democratic values, the claims of independence and critical tone of MÜSİAD’s discourse has waned after 2010 since an Islamically-oriented political party started to dominate the political system in Turkey and ended the ideological clash between the state and MÜSİAD.
Likenlerde Ağır Metal Alınma Mekanizmaları
Authors: IŞIK Volkan , YILDIZ Atila
Published: March 2023

Giderek sanayileşen dünyamızda, birçok canlıda olduğu gibi likenler de ağır metallere karşı savunmasız olduklarından yoğun biçimde ağır metallere maruz kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı likenlerin ağır metallerin olumsuz etkilerine karşı nasıl tolerans oluşturduklarını, ağır metalleri kendi bünyelerine nasıl kattıklarını ve ağır metal alımı ile liken tallusu arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Bu kapsamda likenlerin ağır metalleri nasıl biriktirdiğini ve liken metabolizmasının ağır metallere nasıl tepki verdiğini bilmek, biyoçeşitliliğin korunması için gereklidir. Ayrıca biyoizleme ve hatta biyojeokimyasal süreçlerin anlaşılması için de ipucu niteliğindedir. Yapılan biyoizleme çalışmalarının sonucu olarak liken tallusu içindeki ağır metal miktarı iklim, arazi örtüsü ve kirlilik kaynağına olan uzaklık ile ilişkilidir ve bu etmenler liken türlerinin dağılımını ve zenginliğini etkilemektedir. Likenler ağır metalleri absorblama yeteneklerinden dolayı çok iyi bir biyoindikatör özellik gösterirler. Likenlerin bu biyoindikatör özelliği şehir planlamasında, sanayi bölgelerinin oluşturulmasında, kirli alanların belirlenmesinde, atmosferik ağır metal kirliliğin tespitinde ve belirlenmesinde halk sağlığı için önemlidir.
Highrise in tropics: analyses and syntheses on core system of residential highrise buildings in tropical region
Authors:   , Nyunt Khin
Published: March 2023

This thesis entitled “High-rise in Tropics: Analyses and Syntheses on Core System of Residential High-rise Buildings in Tropical Region” is the study on the space composition of core and circulation systems of high-rise buildings to propose a design of residential high-rise building in the existing project called Star City Thanlyin in Yangon. This attempt is to begin to understand the differences between the positions of core and the composition of circulation systems that may effect the quality of spaces, especially in terms of natural light and ventilation. This thesis begins with a historical approach to study compositions of core system of late 19th century and early 20th century high-rise built mostly in the US. Louis Sullivan’s buildings and texts are therefore chosen to be parts of the analysis. Climate is the given context of the site. In order to propose a residential high-rise for a tropical country like Myanmar, it is necessary to study how the compositions have been done in the countries located above the Tropic of Cancer. Windshell Naradhiwas, designed by Kevin Mark Low and the MET designed by WOHA in Bangkok are two main case studies of possibilities in composing architectural elements that welcome natural light and ventilation in the main circulation spaces. Even though the price per apartment of the projects are higher than Star City Thanlyin, it is hoped that this thesis can bring more possibilities to compose architectural spaces for residential high-rise in the tropical region.
Public, private & in-between spaces in student housing
Authors:   , Awal Sajid
Published: March 2023

The right balance between public and private spaces is one of the most difficult issues in any housing design. Scholars argue that in student housing public and private spaces are equally important for promoting interaction as well as ensuring opportunities for self-development among the students. This research aims to establish definitions for public, private, and in-between spaces along with their relationships to achieve the right balance in the design of it which would eventually contribute not only to the students, but also the university and surrounding areas. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used for this research and then the student housing is designed following the findings. This research reveals that public and private spaces coincide together in student housing. Whether a space is public or private can be identified based on four factors, which are accessibility, inclusiveness, visibility, and use of the space. Several in-between spaces like common, privatized public and adaptable spaces are also found following these derived factors which create the balance between publicness and privacy in space at certain periods of time. Accordingly, no such space can be termed as entirely private or public space and thus the balance cannot be determined in a quantitative way. Furthermore, the scale of the space or the way space is studied is also crucial in identifying the publicness or privacy of that space.
Space in transition: a design exploration of a transition space in Ban Plainern
Authors:   , Feng Tengzhou
Published: March 2023

This thesis concerns a methodology to study transition spaces in traditional Thai houses. The author questions how to inherit and develop traditional architecture for the future generations. Transition spaces of Thai houses are chosen as the places to observe how materials, proportions, spatial compositions, light, shade and shadow affect architecture itself. They represent a relationship between man-made and nature with respect to environment, culture and time. 

Literature reviews are a supplement to the analytical methods to study architectural spaces and forms of Colin Rowe, Peter Eisenman, Le Corbusier and Juhani Pallasmaa. Then, the methodology is applied to analyse two case studies of Thai houses, namely CU Thai House of Chulalongkorn University and H.R.H. Prince Narisaranuvattiwongse's private residence in Bangkok. 

The site to propose the design is a piece of land in Ban Plainern, which can also be regarded as a transition space in itself. The renovation design respects to the heritage site by utilizing proportions, space compositions and materials found within the site itself. The responses from the owners were shown in this research as the most important reference to evaluate the design.
Study of platelet production from megakaryocyte by using induced pluripotent stem cell
Authors:   , Pawinwongchai Jaturawat
Published: March 2023

Thrombopoiesis is the process of platelet production from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Glycoproteins (GP) Ib-IX-V that is expressed on the surface of megakaryocytes and platelets binds von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays roles in platelet production. Either the GPIb deficiency or hyper-function can cause macrothrombocytopenia, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the pathogenesis investigations were performed in the human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model. CRISPR-Cas9 was used to generate the hiPSCs carrying a gain-of-function GP1BA p.M255V mutation which was described in platelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD). The GPIb deficiency hiPSCs were previously derived from a Bernard Soulier syndrome (BSS) patient. After megakaryocyte differentiation, both hiPSC mutations showed large proplatelet tips and yielded fewer but larger platelets compared with normal hiPSCs. The Capillary Western analyses revealed the lower ERK1/2 activation and higher MLC2 (Myosin light chain 2) phosphorylation in megakaryocytes with mutated GPIb. Adding a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitor to normal hiPSCs recapitulated the phenotypes of GPIb mutations and increased MLC2 phosphorylation. Notably, a ROCK inhibitor which could inhibit MLC2 phosphorylation rescued the macrothrombocytopenia phenotypes of both GPIb alterations and normal hiPSCs with a MAPK inhibitor. In conclusion, the genetically-modified hiPSCs can be used to model disorders of proplatelet formation. Both loss- and gain-of-function GPIb reduced MAPK/ERK activation but enhanced ROCK/MLC2 phosphorylation resulting in dysregulated platelet generation.
Toe clearance and lower limb kinematics during swing phase of walking over the obstacles in postoperative total knee arthroplasty
Authors:   , Srijaroon Archrawadee
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine minimum toe clearance and lower limb kinematics at initial swing and mid-swing phase during walking over the obstacles in patients with knee osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Twenty patients aged 65-85 years with knee OA were included to the study before surgery, three and six months following TKA and twenty age-matched healthy controls were collected the data for comparisons. All participants were asked to perform range of motion test, muscle length test, leg length, leg muscles strength test, joint position sense test, single-leg balance test, Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). For gait analysis, participants were assessed while walking crossed the obstacles (2.5, 5, 10 cm) which placed at the center of an 8-m along walking path. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measure followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons. The results revealed the six-month postoperative patients improved gait speed among the TKA patients. When they crossed over the obstacle (2.5 cm), it showed no significant difference in toe clearance at the initial swing phase. At obstacle heights of 5 and 10 cm, toe clearances of the six-month postoperative patients were lower than those of the controls. At the same time points, they also exhibited decreased hip flexion and knee flexion at the initial swing phase but ankle dorsiflexion was changed in a similar pattern of both groups. These altered gait movement pattern with decreased toe clearance had identified as risk factors for tripping during obstacle-crossing due to the toe trajectory closed to the ground surface. Additionally, the lower limb strength of the six-month postoperative patients was weaker than those controls and they also had slightly decreased in static balance compared with the controls. Although the TKA patients could not return to their normal gait patterns, their treatment proved to be successful in terms of knee arthritis, which delivered relatively high satisfaction because the patients experienced pain relief and functional recovery and required improvement in the quality of life. In order to maintain physical performance after TKA, training program of lower extremity such as strengthening of lower limb muscle or balance training exercise may be an important component of the effective postoperative rehabilitation programs.
Effects of valproic acid on fatty acid production in microorganisms and bioactive compounds from feroniella lucida (scheff.) Swingle and termite-associated fungus ISFB10
Authors:   , Poolchanuan Prapassorn
Published: March 2023

Valproic acid or valproate (VPA) is a drug for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, migraine headaches and neuropathic pain. Unfortunately, VPA has many side effects. In this work, it was found that productions of some fatty acids were significantly affected by VPA at the concentration of 100 μM. Further exploration of VPA on fatty acid production in microorganisms including fungi, yeast, and bacteria, as well as representative gut microbiome. This work showed that VPA could enhance, reduce or completely inhibit the production of some fatty acids. VPA could induce the production of trans-9-elaidic acid that was previously found to have cellular effects in human macrophages. Moreover, VPA was found to inhibit the production of some polyketides produced by a model fungus. This work also investigated bioactive compounds from a plant, Feroniella lucida (Scheff.) Swingle and a termite-associated fungus ISFB10. Candicine (7) and candicine derivative (8) were isolated from spine part of F. lucida. Compound 8 exhibited weak cancer chemoprevention activity in the xanthine oxidase assay (XXO) with an IC50 value of 473.8±13.4 μM. Roridin A (9) and verrucarin A (10) were isolated from the termite-associated fungus ISFB10. Compounds 9 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities toward HuCCA-1, A549, MOLT-3 and HepG2 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 0.016±0.0007, 0.0055±0.0001, 0.005±0.0003 and 0.024±0.002 µM, respectively. Compounds 10 also exhibited strong cytotoxic activities toward HuCCA-1, A549, MOLT-3 and HepG2 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 0.014±0.0005, 0.0047±0.0005, 0.008±0.0002 and 0.019±0.001µM, respectively. Unfortunately, compounds 9 and 10 were also exhibited strong cytotoxic activity toward normal cell line MRC-5 with IC50 values of 0.038±0.006 and 0.012±0.0004, respectively.
A study of using corncob, aspen shaving, dried water hyacinth and banana midrib as bedding for laboratory mice
Authors:   , Maytayapirom Nantaporn
Published: March 2023

A study of using corncob, aspen shaving, dried water hyacinth and banana midrib as bedding for laboratory mice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics (i.e., absorbency and surface moisture), the physiological effects and intracage ammonia level of 4 types of beddings in laboratory mice. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, the fluid absorption properties of these four beddings were studied using measurement of liquid absorption and the surface moisture. The results showed that the volumetric absorbency of aspen shaving was significantly higher than other beddings. While, the surface moisture showed no statistically significant difference among beddings. In the second part, 40 ICR mice were randomly assigned to be housed with each bedding for 4 weeks with 10 mice per group (i.e., 5 mice per cage). Mice were housed in static microisolator cage in which the beddings were changed weekly. Animal health, grimace scale, water and food consumptions, intracage ammonia level and animal body weight were evaluated. At the end of the studsy, blood samples were collected for complete blood count and chemistry profile analysis and organs (i.e., liver, kidneys, foot pad, and nasal passage) were harvested for histopathological study. The results revealed that there was no abnormal clinical sign, distress or external lesions in all mice. Body weight gain and food consumptions were not significantly different among groups. Water consumptions were significantly different among groups. Intracage ammonia levels in the aspen shaving, banana midrib and dried water hyacinth groups were higher than 25 ppm within 3 days after beddings were changed, while intracage ammonia levels in corncob groups was increased above 25 ppm in the corncob group at day 7 after changing bedding. The hematology and blood chemistry parameters in everygroups were normal compare with the reference from the animal vendor and previous studies. Histopathological results showed a higher degree of nasal passage inflammation for mice housed in aspen shaving and banana midrib than that of in corncob. The histopathological lesions of kidney, liver and foot pad were similar among groups of beddings.

These results suggest that corncob, aspen shaving, dried water hyacinth and banana midrib may be used as beddings for laboratory mice due to their good absorbency capacity and low physiological effects. The results also indicate that, the bedding should be changed twice per week when using aspen shaving, dried water hyacinth and banana midrib as bedding for mice housing in the static micro isolator cages.
Enhancing the level of consumer protection in China: a reform proposal for the ODR system
Authors:   , Gu Xiao
Published: March 2023

This thesis examines the limits of current dispute resolutions to resolve disputes between consumers and online platform economics entities to make recommendations to optimize the ODR system to resolve these disputes. Therefore, there is a hypothesis of this thesis that by reference to the legislation and experience abroad, the author should make a proposal on the reformation of the current ODR system based on the context and tradition of the ODR system in China to enhance the level of consumer protection. In the thesis, the author performed analyses and made suggestions as follows: (1) to clarify some basic concepts related to the ODR system to demonstrate the characteristic of ODR; (2) to demonstrate the issues from the case studies and analyze the current disputes resolution mechanism to resolve the disputes aforementioned to represent deficiencies to show which features E-disputes pursue; (3) to make research on the development of ODR system in China and demonstrate the deficiencies of the current ODR system in China; (4) to make recommendations on the reformation of ODR system in China by referencing to EU ADR Directive and ODR Regulation and UNCITRAL Technical Notes on ODR to enhance the level of consumer protection in China.
MnO2/carbon material cathode for rechargeable aqueous electrolyte-based zinc-ion batteries
Authors:   , Khamsanga Sonti
Published: March 2023

This research focused on improvement of the electrical conductivity of cathode material by using the MnO2 on carbon material for the rechargeable aqueous electrolyte-based zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). This study has been divided into two sections. delta-MnO2 with nanoflower structure supported on graphite flake (MNG) was synthesized for cathode material in first section. MNG exhibits a fast insertion/extraction of Zn2+ ions with diffusion scheme and pseudocapacitive behavior. The battery using MNG cathode exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 235 mA h/g at 200 mA/g specific current density compared to 130 mA h/g which is displayed by the pristine delta-MnO2 cathode at the same specific current density. MNG demonstrated superior electrical conductivity compared to the pristine delta-MnO2. The results obtained pave the way for improving the electrical conductivity of MnO2 by using graphite flake support. In second section, MnO2 heterostructure on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MNH-CNT) was synthesized for cathode material. Besides, the synthesized MNH-CNT is composed of delta-MnO2 and gamma-MnO2. ZIB using the MNH-CNT cathode delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 236 mA h/g at 400 mA/g, 108 mA h/g at 1600 mA/g and excellent cycling stability. Overall, MNG and MNH-CNT cathode were seen to exhibit superior electrochemical performance. This work presents new opportunities for improving the discharge capacity and cycling stability of aqueous ZIBs.
Synthesis, characteristic and application of mesocellular foam carbon (MCF-C) as catalyst for dehydrogenation of ethanol
Authors:   , Klinthongchai Yoottapong
Published: March 2023

This research aims to investigate the synthesis of MCF-C as catalyst for dehydrogenation of ethanol. The study was classified into 3 parts. In the first part, the mesocellular foam silica (MCF-Si) was converted to mesocellular foam carbon using a surfactant residue as a carbon source, and followed by testing the dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde.  Surfactant residue in the inside of MCF-Si could be used as the carbon source for MCF-C synthesis. The obtained material could maintain the meso-structure, and exhibited higher activity for ethanol dehydrogenation in comparison to MCF-Si. For the second part, MCF-C was examined for 12 h for catalyst deactivation at various temperature. The low operating temperature at 300 °C exhibited the highest ethanol conversion changed, which was accorded to the higher coke formation to obstruct the catalysis process. Thus, the operating temperature of ethanol dehydrogenation using MCF-C as catalyst was significantly affected to the coke formation. The final part was examined for the effect of pore size of MCF-C to optimize the selectivity and yield of acetaldehyde. MCF-C was synthesized with the various ratios of TMB/P123 and tested in ethanol dehydrogenation reaction.  The higher ratio of TMB/P123 significantly changed the physical properties as pore size and provided higher catalytic activity.
Effect of Cu/Zn ratios and Zr, Mn promoters on CuO/ZnO-based catalysts for methanol synthesis via hydrogenation of CO and CO2
Authors:   , Phonrat Phapatchaya
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research is to investigate CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 (CZA) catalysts with different Cu/Zn weight ratios including CZA-0.5, CZA-1, CZA-2 and CZA-3.5 catalysts having Cu/Zn weight ratios is 0.5, 1, 2 และ 3.5, respectively. Catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation method. Catalysts were characterized to determine the physical and chemical properties using various techniques such as N2 adsorption, CO-Chemisorption, SEM-EDX, ICP-MS, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD and TGA. The catalysts were tested in CO hydrogenation and CO2 hydrogenation at 250 °C under atmospheric pressure. From reaction test, it was found that CZA-3.5 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity due to the highest copper contents resulting in increasing surface area, metallic copper surface and number of strong basic sites. In addition, effect of Zr and Mn promoters was also investigated. The results presented that Mn promoter can increase the surface area, metallic copper surface, copper dispersion, number of strong basic sites, but decrease crystallite size of CuO. The CZ-Mn-2 catalyst had the highest catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation. Meanwhile, the CZ-Zr-2 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity for CO hydrogenation. In the final part, the stability of CZA-2, CZ-Zr-2 and CZ-Mn-2 catalysts was investigated to determine the differences between the fresh and spent catalysts for comprehend cause of catalyst deactivation.
Building detection from remote sensing images using yolo
Authors:   , Pumpong Noppadon
Published: March 2023

Building detection system through the remote sensing of images has been widely
studied. In this thesis, we propose a model for detecting buildings at airports in Asia
through different levels of remote sensing image. The proposed model is improved using
the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm based on the convolutional neural network
(CNN). We also adjust an inputted image to our model using the Jet Saliency Map. The
buildings to be detected in this study are the passenger terminals, the control towers,
the cargo buildings, and the hangars. The data set has been collected from 322 different
airports in Asia. Furthermore, our improved model is also examined for efficiency and
accuracy. The results show that it can detect the intended objects efficiently and provides
higher accuracy than the original model.
The ethics of scholarly publishing and academic social media : an odd couple?
Authors: Boukacem-Zeghmouri Chérifa
Published: March 2023

The chapter addresses the issue of the ethics of scientific publication to academic social media. This new approach allows us to highlight two important issues in the mutation of internalities and externalities in the course of scientific communication. First, the strategies by which new actors in scientific publication, originating from the Web, seize the principles of Open Access to reformulate them and subordinate them to their own development and monetisation strategies. Secondly, the functionalities and services developed contribute to introducing a new media dynamic into researchers' practices. These raise ethical issues because of their incompatibility with the normative values of science.
MSME Marketing Trends in the 4.0 Era: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Wanof M. Indre , Gani Abdul
Published: March 2023

MSMEs that have carried out the production process automatically produce their business products or services. However, not a few are still confused about how to market the product. This research aims to examine what are the components of promotional media and marketing trends in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research includes library research, because the research was conducted to search, analyze, make interpretations and generalizations from the facts of the results of thoughts and ideas written by marketing management experts. This research is descriptive qualitative with a secondary data analysis approach. The results of this study state that entering the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 certainly requires knowledge, insight, and skills to carry out promotion and marketing with online media for the business to be run. Online promotional media is a medium that can be used to promote or advertise with digital technology media and the internet. Social media and marketplaces are online media that can be used for promotion or at the same time used as a means to conduct online business. The results of this study are expected to be positive input for MSME actors to decide to venture into adopting social media and e-commerce.
Mycoflora and Total Aflatoxin Isolated from Dry Dates in Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: Shatar Abdul-Rahman M. , Alghalibi Saeed M. , Al-Zubairy Maysoon A.
Published: March 2023

This study is designed to record the mycoflora and total aflatoxin

isolated from dry dates in Yemen Republic. Thirty four date samples

collected from different shops and markets in Sana’a city were

analyzed mycologically for the presence of fungi cultivated on three

types of media. Eight species belonging to 7 genera were isolated

from analyzed date samples on the three cultural media. Aspergillus

genera was the most dominant fungi and grew well on the three type

of media of which A. niger is the most common species, A. flavus was

isolated in rare, low and rare frequency on 1% and 20% sucrose

Czapek’s and Sabouraud dextrose agar media. Rhizopus stolonifer

was isolated in rare, low and low frequency on 1, and 20% sucrose

Czapek's and Sabouraud dextrose agar media. The date samples were

analyzed for the presence of total aflatoxin using ELISA technique

which revealed that 4 out of 5 date samples were contaminated with

aflatoxin ranged from 3059.89-7585.96 ppt (ng Kg-1).
Development of Advanced Monitoring System in Real Time Environment
Authors: Al-Wagih Khalil Saeed M.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the problem of providing a good computerized

monitoring system is discussed. As an application, Advanced

Monitoring System (AMS) is designed and built for this purpose.

AMS is an image processing, a soft real time system, which is

concerned with enhancement of the monitoring services with lower

cost and a high performance. It seems to be very broad area of

research as it relates to many important subjects of computer science.

The produced system has accomplished its intended functions and

services in trusted fashion.
Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus in Al-Baidha Governorate, Yemen
Authors: Al-Hadrani Ahmed M. , Abuassaf Ismail S. , Ataa Mansour A.
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To identity the magnitude of diabetes and its epidemiological profile at Al-Baidha Governorate, Yemen, and assess the potential role of the inter-family marriage in increasing the risk of diabetes.

Method: This is a descriptive and analytic epidemiological study of 2458 diabetic patients profile reported at Al-Baidha Governorate population in Yemen covering the period (2007-2009). Data sources included reviewing the patients’ files and health statistical reports of the governorate Health office. Additional primary data on family history and diabetes treatment types were collected by a group of researchers (medical students) through conducting home visits for the diabetic patients during the study period.

Results: The percentage of diabetes mellitus is estimated to be 14.8% among males and 10.2% of females. The percentage of diabetes appeared to be increasing among urban areas (20.7%) than that of rural areas (4.3%). The overall age-adjusted proportions obtained from the study showed that 564 (23.2%) individuals were less than 30 years of age and the majority1864 (76.8%) were above 30. The study demonstrated that 2071 (84.3%) diabetic individuals are on oral hypoglycemic agents and that 381 (15.7%) were on insulin injections. Tracing the family history of 801 diabetic men and women demonstrated that the father was diabetic in 39.8%, mother in 26.8%, Grandfather 14.8%, grandmother 10.5% and second degree relative 8.4%. Also, the study showed that 58% of diabetic patients have marriage with first degree or second-degree relatives.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that diabetes has become a major health problem in Yemen. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of interfamily marriage and genetic susceptibility in the aetiology of diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes, Aetiology, Odds Ratio, Chi-Squares Tests, Yemen
Slope Stability Assessment of The Garin Majjed Archeological Village Area, East of Yemen
Authors: Barahim Adnan A. , Al-Suba’i Khalid A.
Published: March 2023

The stability assessment of sedimentary rock slopes of the area surround Garin Majjed archeological village which lay on cuesta shape hill in Wadi Dawa'an - East of Yemen was carried out. All important factors affecting slope stability in the area such as differential weathering, rainfall and runoff, sewage, discontinuities trends and inclinations, slope face orientation, and mechanical properties of rocks and joints filling materials were evaluated. Direct shear test of joints filling materials showed that the friction angle (Φ) values range between 11˚ and 31˚ and cohesion (C) Values between 0.00 and 0.5 MPa. The compressive strength (cσ) values of the nodular limestone rocks is 66 MPa and for shaley marly sandstone it is 12 MPa. It was found that rock fall is the main mode of failure in the area, while secondary toppling and/ or plane sliding are probable to occur. Some remedial measures are proposed to protect the slopes like erect well seal drainage path, supporting the toe of the dip slope and the overhanging parts, as well as grouting of joints by convenient filling material.