bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dizirconium Trioxide Sulfate—Zr2O3SO4
Authors: Jere G V , Raman V , Santhamma M T
Published: July 2006

Dizirconium trioxide sulfate Zr2O3SO4 has been isolated and characterised. It is obtained as a thermally degraded product of peroxosulfatozirconium(IV) complex, Zr2(O2)3SO4·8–10H2O, around 400–500 °C. It contains zirconium, oxide oxygen and sulfate in its lattice.
The Crystal and Molecular Structures of Three (Acetylacetonato)organoantimony(V) Compounds, [(acac)RnSbX4−n]
Authors: Kanehisa Nobuko , Onuma Kenichi , Uda Shinzo , Hirabayashi Kiyoshi , Kai Yasushi , Yasuoka Noritake , Kasai Nobutami
Published: July 2006

X-Ray crystal structure analyses of three (acetylacetonato)organoantimony(V) compounds have been conducted. Crystals of [(acac)MeSbCl3] belong to the tetragonal system: a=13.865(1), c=24.935(5) Å, space group I41/a with Z=16. [(acac)Me2SbBr2] forms monoclinic crystals: a=9.247(1), b=7.695(1), c=9.104(1) Å, β=106.94(1)°, space group P21/m with Z=2. Crystals of [(acac)Ph2SbCl2] (high-melting point form) belong to the monoclinic system: a=14.733(11), b=7.541(1), c=16.014(13) Å, β=92.66(1)°, space group P21/c with Z=4. All structures have been elucidated by the heavy atom method and refined by the block-diagonal least-squares procedure. Through the three compounds, the antimony atoms have a slightly distorted octahedral geometry with substituents on apical positions, slightly bent towards the planar acetylacetonato groups.
Branched-chain Sugars. II. Synthesis of Methyl 5-Deoxy-3-C-hydroxymethyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-Dl-lyxo-furanoside (Dihydrostreptose) and Ribofuranoside Derivatives
Authors: Kinoshita Takamasa , Miwa Toshio
Published: July 2006

The title compounds, methyl 5-deoxy-3-C-hydroxymethyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-Dl-lyxo-furanoside, and ribofuranoside derivatives were conveniently synthesized via the Birch reduction of 2-methyl-3-furoic acid, and the latter was identified with the sample prepared from d-xylose.
The Application of a Modified Dubinin-Radushkevich Equation to Adsorption on Active Carbon with Heterogeneous Micropore Systems
Authors: Tsunoda Ryoichi
Published: July 2006

The Dubinin-Radushkevich plots of active carbons, curved concavely for a high value of log2P0⁄P, on methanol adsorption at 30 °C have been characterized by using a modified Dubinin-Radushkevich equation, i.e.:

V=CV0exp[−B0A2]exp[A4Δ2⁄2][1−erf(X)]⁄2,

where erf(X) is the error function, A=RT 1n P0⁄P, V0 is the micropore volume, C is the correcting coefficient for fitting the equation to the experimental data, and X=(A2−B0⁄Δ2)Δ⁄\sqrt2, with B0 being the average value of a measure of the micropore size and Δ, the heterogeneity parameter of the micropore size. The significance of the equation was discussed, and it was shown that the equation can describe the heterogeneous micropore systems of active carbons with suitable parameters.
Differential Pulse Polarographic Determination of N-Nitroso-2-pyrrolidinemethanol
Authors: Hasebe Kiyoshi , Osteryoung Janet G
Published: July 2006

The pulse polarographic behavior of a new N-nitroso compound, N-nitroso-2-pyrrolidinemethanol, in buffered solutions has been studied. The effects of temperature, mercury pressure, modulation amplitude, surfactant concentration and solvent, and supporting electrolyte have been investigated. The reduction process is complicated and pH-dependent. In acid solutions, N-nitroso-2-pyrrolidinemethanol gives one irreversible reduction wave over a wide pH range below 7. The reduction of the N-nitroso compound is diffusion-controlled in d.c. and of normal pulse polarographic modes. In basic solutions, the reduction is also diffusion-controlled. The 10−7 mol dm−3 content of N-nitroso-2-pyrrolidinemethanol has been determined.
Use of Ion Microanalyzer in the Analysis of Passive Layers on Stainless Steel
Authors: Okajima Yoshiaki , Aizawa Yukiyoshi , Sugawara Yasushi
Published: July 2006

Passive layers on various stainless steels were studied with an ion microanalyzer. An argon ion beam was directed on the specimen surface in an oxygen atmosphere. The use of oxygen atmosphere effectively minimized the difference in ion yields of the elements in the oxidized layers and matrices, making it possible to determine these elements with good reproducibility. 18% Cr–8% Ni and 18% Cr–8% Ni–0.4% Ti stainless steel was exposed to neutral water containing 8 ppm oxygen at 289 °C. The passive layers contained larger amounts of iron and smaller amounts of chromium than the matrices.
Studies on the Ammonium Form of Crystalline Zirconium Phosphate. II. Ammonium–Lithium Ion-exchange Isotherms
Authors: Hasegawa Yoshitsugu , Komiyama Yoshimitsu
Published: July 2006

The ion-exchange isotherms for the NH4+–Li+ system on crystalline zirconium phosphate have been determined at 25 °C, and the structural change and water content of the exchanger have also been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The isotherms showed that the ion-exchange reaction took place in one stage, that is, the ammonium-form was converted into the lithium-form in the forward process, and vice versa in the reverse process. However, the results of X-ray diffractometry indicated that the ion-exchange reactions proceeded in three stages in each direction. The isotherms also showed a hysteresis loop. This phenomenon can be ascribed to the difference in the water content of the exchangers, because the X-ray powder patterns of the exchanger phases were essentially identical at similar ionic mole fraction of lithium ion in the exchangers of the two processes.
Trimethylenediamine Complexes. V. Preparative and Kinetic Studies on the Reactions of (Ethylenediamine)tetranitro- and Tetranitro(trimethylenediamine)-cobaltates(III) with Several Nucleophiles
Authors: Ito Yoshiaki , Kawaguchi Shinichi
Published: July 2006

Substitution reactions of a nitrite ligand in Co(NO2)4(en or tn)− with NH3, py, N3−, and NCS− have been investigated. The product trinitro complexes were isolated and their geometrical structures were assigned on the basis of NMR data. The preparation method for the two conformational isomers of mer-Co(NO2)3NH3(en) was established. The kinetic data of substitution with azide were analyzed according to the D mechanism. The relative nucleophilicity of ligands towards Co(NO2)3(AA) is in the order: OH−>>N3−>NO2−, CH3COO−, NCS−>>H2O>Cl−, I−. Dinitro complexes, [Co(NO2)2(phen)(en or tn)]NO2·H2O and K[Co(NO2)2(ox)(tn)] were also prepared.
Studies on Mixed Valence Complexes of Platinum and Palladium. I. Preparation and Characterization of Pt(II)–Pt(IV), Pd(II)–Pt(IV), and Pd(II)–Pd(IV) Complexes of the General Formula, [M(AA)2][M′X2(AA)2]Y4
Authors: Matsumoto Naohide , Yamashita Masahiro , Kida Sigeo
Published: July 2006

A series of deeply colored mixed valence complexes of the general formula [M(AA)2][M′X2(AA)2]Y4 were prepared and characterized, where M–M′=Pt(II)–Pt(IV), Pd(II)–Pt(IV), and Pd(II)–Pd(IV); (AA)=ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, and trimethylenediamine; X=Cl, Br, and I; Y=ClO4, BF4. The relationships between the reflection spectra and the nature of the constituents (X, (AA), Y and M–M′) of the compounds were studied. The value of \barνmax of the main absorption band in the visible region decreases in the order: Cl→Br→I, pn→tn→en, ClO4→BF4, Pd(II)–Pt(IV)→Pt(II)–Pt(IV)→Pd(II)–Pd(IV). On the basis of dichroism of the crystals, it can be predicted that the X–M′(IV)–X…M(II) atoms in these complexes are arrayed in a straight line parallel to the crystal needle.
Conformational Analysis of Some Benzyl t-Butyl Sulfoxides by Measurement of Their Dipole Moments
Authors: Hirota Minoru , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Nishio Motohiro , Nishihata Ken
Published: July 2006

Favored conformations of benzyl t-butyl sulfoxides and their α-methyl derivatives in solutions were determined from their dipole moments and compared with those in crystals.
The Effect of Leaving Group Orientation on Solvolytic Cope Rearrangements. A Study of exo-Tricyclo[4.4.1.12,5]dodeca-3,7,9-trien-11-yl Tosylates and Derivatives
Authors: Itô Shô , Itoh Isamu , Fujise Yutaka , Nakatsu Tetsuo , Senkler C A , Schleyer P v R
Published: July 2006

Synthesis and solvolytic behavior of derivatives of the highly hindered title compounds are described, exo-Tricyclo[4.4.1.12,5]dodeca-3,7,9-trien-syn-yl tosylate (syn-18-OTs) and the corresponding perhydro derivative, syn-23-OTs, solvolyze at rates that are in reasonable agreement with those predicted by Foote-Schleyer calculations.syn-18-OTs, and its dihydro derivatives, syn-19-OTs and syn-20-OTs, give completely rearranged products on solvolysis in acetic acid and 75% dioxane, 80% acetone, and 75% dioxane, respectively (Table 2). These products can be explained by normal cationic rearrangements, probably occurring after ionization. On the other hand, anti-18-OTs and anti-23-OTs solvolyze at rates ca. 102 times slower than those predicted by Foote-Schleyer calculations. Presumably the anti derivatives of 18-OTs, 20-OTs, 23-OTs, and the tetrahydro tosylate (22-OTs) suffer steric hindrance to ionization. Product formation from anti-18-OTs (Table 3) and anti-19-OTs in acetic acid and 75% dioxane, respectively, is explained as a [3s+3s] sigmatropic shift induced by ionization, with formation of an allylic ion providing the driving force for rearrangement.
A Remarkable Solvent Effect on the Reductive Silylation of Carboxylic Esters. Preparation of 1,1-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1-alkanols
Authors: Kuwajima Isao , Minami Naoki , Abe Toru , Sato Toshio
Published: July 2006

1,1-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1-alkanols were obtained in good yields when ethyl esters of the corresponding carboxylic acids were treated with sodium suspension and chlorotrimethylsilane in refluxing tetrahydrofuran followed by acidic hydrolysis.
Synthesis of Merocyanine Dyes
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Abdu E , Khalil Zarif H
Published: July 2006

New 1-ethyl-2-[(2-substituted 3-oxoisoindolin-1-ylidene)methyl]-pyridinium or quinolinium iodide merocyanine dyes were obtained by the reaction of 2-methyl quaternary salts with N-substituted phthalimide in the presence of piperidine. 1-Ethyl-2-[(1-substituted 5-oxo-3-pyrrolin-2-ylidene)methyl] quinolinium iodide merocyanines were also prepared. Structural configuration of the synthesised compounds was confirmed by IR and UV spectral determination. 1-Ethyl-2-[[3-oxo-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)isoindolin-1-ylidene]methyl]quinolinium iodide has high bactericidal activity againsist E.Coli, Staphylococcus Aureus, and Staphylococcus Albas.
The Ring Transformation of Tetrahydrofuran into 1-Propylpyrrolidine over Y-Zeolites
Authors: Hatada Kou , Fujita Katsuhiro , Ono Yoshio
Published: July 2006

The catalytic activities of Y-zeolites for the synthesis of 1-propylpyrrolidine from tetrahydrofuran and propylamine were examined. Aluminum cation exchanged zeolite was found most active, 65% yield of 1-propylpyrrolidine being attained at 360 °C. The kinetics of the reaction was examined and the reaction mechanism suggested.
Catalytic Activities of Salicylaldehyde Derivatives. VI. Syntheses of Some Dimethylsulfonio Derivatives of Salicylaldehyde
Authors: Ando Makoto , Emoto Sakae
Published: July 2006

3-, 4-, and 5-dimethylsulfonio derivatives of salicylaldehyde have been prepared from the corresponding 6-, 5-, and 4-bromo-2-methylanisoles via the bromo-2-methoxybenzylidene dibromides, bromo-o-anisaldehyde diethyl acetals, methylthio-o-anisaldehydes, and (methylthio)salicylaldehydes. 4-Methylthio-o-anisaldehyde has also been prepared from 2-bromo-5-(methylthio)anisole.
Catalytic Activities of Salicylaldehyde Derivatives. VII. Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of (2-Formyl-3-hydroxyphenyl)dimethylsulfonium Salt in the Racemization of l-Glutamic Acid
Authors: Ando Makoto , Emoto Sakae
Published: July 2006

The title compound (1) was prepared from 6-nitro-o-anisidine via 2-bromo-m-anisidine, 2-bromo-3-(methylthio)anisole, 6-methylthio-o-anislaldehyde, and 6-(methylthio)salicylaldehyde. Compound 1 was found to be the most inactive catalyst among the dimethylsulfonio derivatives of salicylaldehyde, but the most active catalyst among the other salicylaldehyde derivatives examined in the racemization of l-glutamic acid at pH 10 and at 80 °C in the presence of copper(II) ion in the initial stage of the reaction.
Infrared Spectra of 13C-Labelled Diphenylcyclopropenone and Related Derivatives
Authors: Takehira Yoshikazu , Toda Fumio
Published: July 2006

The infrared spectra of diphenylcyclopropenone-1-13C, its hydrate, 3-dicyanomethylene-1,2-diphenyl-1-cyclopropene-3-13C, and 4-(2,3-diphenylcyclopropenylidene)-2-(diphenylmethylene)-1,3-cyclobutanedione-1′-13C were studied.
A Photoreaction of 4-Nitrophenylnitromethane in a Micellar System
Authors: Yamada Kazutoshi , Shigehiro Kiyoshi , Kiyozuka Toyohiko , Iida Hirotada
Published: July 2006

The photoconversion of 4-nitrophenylnitormethane into 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in an ethanol–water system was found to proceed by an intramolecular rearrangement of oxygen of adjacent nitro group. Cationic surfactant increased the quantum yield of this photorearrangement by a factor of 20, but β-cyclodextrin decreased it.
Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Anthracenecarboxylic Acids. I. 9-Anthroic Acid and Formation of Excimer
Authors: Suzuki Satoshi , Fujii Tsuneo , Yoshiike Nobuyuki , Komatsu Shigeru , Iida Toshiko
Published: July 2006

The absorption spectra of 9-anthroic acid (9-anthracenecarboxylic acid) in ethanol have been measured as a function of solute concentration. It was revealed that 9-anthroic acid forms a hydrogen-bonded dimer. The equilibrium constant for dimer formation was determined to be 6.6×104 mol−1 1 in ethanol at 298 K. The fluorescence spectra of 9-anthroic acid have been investigated as a function of concentration and temperature in various solvents. An excimer mechanism was proposed for a broad fluorescence of 9-anthroic acid; the hydrogen-bonded dimer is excited and then associates with an unexcited hydrogen-bonded dimer to form an excited tetramer from which the broad fluorescence occurs.
Some Derivatives of Anhydrodiacetyldelcosine (Anhydrodiacetyllucaconine)
Authors: Amiya Takashi , Kanaiwa Yoshio , Nakano Naomi , Shima Takeo
Published: July 2006

On the basis of the structure of delcosine (lucaconine), a diterpene alkaloid, the structures of anhydrodiacetyldelcosine and dihydroanhydrodiacetyldelcosine have previously been established. Some reactions of these compounds and their derivatives are described, and the reaction products are shown.
The Absolute Rate Constants of Reaction of Hydrogen Atoms with Several Olefins
Authors: Ishikawa Yo-ichi , Yamabe Masaki , Noda Akihiko , Sato Shin
Published: July 2006

Using the techniques of pulse-radiolysis and of the absorption of Lyman-α radiation by hydrogen atoms, the absolute rate constants of reaction of hydrogen atoms with several olefins have been measured at room temperature.

Olefin k⁄10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1

Ethylene 1.1±0.1

Propylene 1.7±0.1

1-Butene 2.0±0.5

trans-2-Butene 1.1±0.2

cis-2-Butene 1.0±0.1

2-Methyl-1-propene 5.2±0.6

2-Methyl-2-butene 2.4±0.3

These rate constants were invariant over hydrogen pressures ranging from 200 to 1200 Torr.
Far-infrared Absorption Intensities and the Dipole Moments of Some Molecules in Solutions
Authors: Sato Kimihiro , Ohkubo Yusei , Moritsu Tadaharu , Ikawa Shun-ichi , Kimura Masao
Published: July 2006

The integrated intensities of the far-infrared absorptions of CH3I, CHCl3, CH2Cl2, CH3CN, and their deuterated compounds in dilute solutions have been measured. They can be well explained by the rotational motion of the molecules with the dipole moments enlarged by Onsager’s reaction field.
Raman Studies of Complex Ions in ThCl4–KCl Melt Using Raman Bands Shifts
Authors: Yoshida Susumu , Oyamada Ryozo , Kawamura Kazutaka
Published: July 2006

Raman spectra of solid and molten ThCl4–KCl system were observed and the structure change of ThCl4 on melting from the octa-coordinate body-centered tetragonal type, D4h, to the tetra-coordinate tetrahedron type, Td, was studied. The decrease in frequency of the symmetric stretching vibration ν1 with decrasing ThCl4 concentration for molten ThCl4–KCl is interpreted as due to the presence of ThCl4, ThCl5−, and ThCl73− complexes in the molten ThCl4–KCl mixture. Such a compositional dependence for ν1 appears to support the idea that, for a decrease in the ThCl4 concentration in molten ThCl4–KCl mixtures, the bond strength between the thorium and chloride ions decreases and the number of chloride ions around the thorium ion increases from 4 to 7.
Studies on the Aqueous Solutions of Guanidinium Salts. VII. Activity Coefficients and Partial Molar Volumes for Guanidinium Salts with Hydrophobic Counter Anions in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Miyajima Koichiro , Yoshida Hiromitsu , Nakagaki Masayuki
Published: July 2006

Mean activity coefficients (γ±) and partial molar volumes of guanidinium salts with hydrophobic counter anions were measured by isopiestic comparison method and densitometry, respectively. The values of γ± were low and the order of γ± values found to be acetate>propionate>benzoate. The bv values from the Redlich-Rosenfeld’s equation were slightly positive at 15 and 25 °C, and decreased with increased temperature. These results were interpreted in terms of the unique structure breaking action of guanidinium ions and the interionic interactions.
Studies of Zone Melting. IV. The Equilibrium Distribution Coefficient of the Bibenzyl–Stilbene System
Authors: Nojima Hidemoto
Published: July 2006

Determinations of the equilibrium distribution coefficients of stilbene in bibenzyl by the zone-melting method were performed by using the theory proposed by Burton and his co-workers from the effective distribution coefficients, which were measured at various zone travel rates (0.73, 0.98, 1.16, and 1.47 cm/h) on five samples of bibenzyl containing 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt % of stilbene. Also, the equilibrium distribution coefficient independent of the concentration was obtained as 5.08 by the extrapolation of the equilibrium distribution coefficient vs. the concentration plots to zero concentration. The validity of the obtained results is discussed by a comparison of the values estimated individually by two other methods: the equilibrium distribution coefficient (5.23) determined from the phase diagram of the bibenzyl–stilbene system, and that (5.08) calculated thermodynamically.
The Crystal and Molecular Structures of (SR⁄RS)- and (SS⁄RR)-Dimethyl 2-(p-Tolylsulfinyl)-1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate
Authors: Iwasaki Fujiko , Mitamura Shuichi , Tsuchihashi Gen-ichi
Published: July 2006

The crystal structures of two diastereomers of dimethyl 2-(p-tolylsulfinyl)-1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate have been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The configurations of these isomers have been elucidated to be (SR⁄RS) (A) and (SS⁄RR) (B). Crystals of A are monoclinic; the space group P21/c; a=9.557 (2), b=18.400 (5), c=8.277 (2) Å, β=98.52 (2)°, and Z=4. Those of B are triclinic; the space group P\bar1; a=6.442 (3), b=18.243 (8), c=6.554 (2) Å, α=90.59 (4), β=99.03 (5), γ=103.12 (4)°, and Z=2. The structures were solved by the heavy-atom method and refined by the full-matrix least-squares method. The final R values were 0.063 for A and 0.050 for B respectively. Based on the established configurations and conformations of these isomers, a mechanism which involves the preferential formation of one of two diastereomers by the Michael addition of dimethyl malonate to 1-bromovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxide under specified reaction conditions is proposed.
The Phosphate on the Iron Core of Horse Spleen Ferritin as Studied by a 1H NMR Probe Method
Authors: Imai Noboru , Terada Haruo , Arata Yoji , Fujiwara Shizuo
Published: July 2006

Glycylglycylglycylglycine and tetramethylammonium chloride have been used as 1H NMR probes to study the state and role of the phosphate on the surface of the iron core of ferritin. 1H NMR signals of the probe molecules in a ferritin solution do not show any observable paramagnetic shift, and the linewidths are very small compared to an aqueous iron(III) solution which contains the same amount of iron. Iron of ferritin is markedly different from that of aqueous iron(III), but quite resembles that of synthetic iron polymer. It has been shown that the parameter k, which is the linewidth for the NMR probe divided by the concentration of iron, is dependent on the content of the phosphorus in ferritin. The k value for glycylglycylglycylglycine has a maximum in the physiological pH range 6–7, whereas that for tertramethylammonium chloride in which the charge does not change in the whole pH range gives a sigmoidal curve. From the pH dependence of the k values for tetramethylammonium chloride, the pKa value of the phosphate group on the surface of the iron core has been estimated at 7.0±0.2.
New Palladium(II) Carbene Complexes Containing a Cyclometallated Aryl Group
Authors: Hiraki Katsuma , Onishi Masayoshi , Sewaki Kiyoshi , Sugino Keiichi
Published: July 2006

New carbene complexes of (acetophenone oxime, 2-C,N)chloro(1,3-diphenylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)palladium(II) (1), (benzophenone oxime, 2-C,N)chloro(1,3-diphenylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)palladium(II) (2), and chloro(N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, 2-C,N)(1,3-diphenylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)palladium(II) (3) have been prepared by reactions between dimeric cyclopalladated complexes and 1,1′,3,3′-tetraphenyl-2,2′-biimidazolidinylidene. Chlorine atoms were shown to be situated at the trans position to the aryl-palladium σ bond on the basis of IR spectra. These carbene complexes underwent halogen metathesis with LiBr to yield the corresponding bromo derivatives. Triphenylphosphine displaced the chlorine atom in 1, 2, and 3, converting each to a cationic carbene complex, in which the nitrogen donor of cyclopalladation moiety remained coordinated to palladium.
ESR Study of 63Cu(II) Doped in Single Crystals of Bis(methyl 3-alkylidenedithiocarbazato)nickel(II)
Authors: Oniki Takayuki
Published: July 2006

ESR spectra of 63Cu(II) diluted by various single crystals of the title Ni(II) complexes are reported. The alkylidene groups denote 1-(2-naphthyl)ethylidene, 1-(p-tolyl)ethylidene, 1-phenylethylidene, benzylidene, 1-(m-nitrophenyl)ethylidene, and 1-(p-nitrophenyl)ethylidene, and the corresponding Ni(II) complexes are abbreviated as Ni(nedc)2, Ni(tedc)2, Ni(pedc)2, Ni(bdc)2, Ni(mndc)2, and Ni(pndc)2 respectively. Before the analyses of the ESR data, the crystal structures of Ni(nedc)2 and Ni(tedc)2 were determined. In both Ni(II) complexes, the molecules have been found to be of a C2 symmetry, with a tetrahedrally distorted cis-NiN2S2 arrangement. The unpaired electrons of the Cu(II) complexes were thus described in terms of C2 symmetry except for the case of Cu(bdc)2. The d-orbital coefficients of the ground-state Kramers doublet were determined from the observed g values in such a way that the hyperfine parameters calculated from the coefficients closely reproduce the observed values. In 63Cu(II)/Ni(bdc)2, the g values are rhombic, and an additional hyperfine structure due to atoms which do not directly coordinate to Cu(II) ion was observed. The coordination of the Cu(II) ion in Ni(bdc)2 was concluded from the ESR data to be a trans arrangement.
Analytical Application of Oleophilic Quaternary Ammonium Salts. XV. Extraction of the Uranium(VI)–4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol Complex with Tridodecylethylammonium Bromide
Authors: Shijo Yoshio , Sakai Kaoru
Published: July 2006

The uranium(VI)–4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol(PAR) chelate anion was extracted with tridodecylethylammonium bromide (TDEABr) into chloroform to form an ion associate. The ternary complex has an absorption maximum at 550 nm in the organic layer. The optimum pH range for the extraction is 6.8–10.7. The distribution ratio and the molar absorptivity are 1.34×102 and 4.25×104 cm−1 mol−1 1, respectively. The composition of the ternary complex is estimated to be UO2(X)(PAR)(R3R′N). The equation representing the extraction equilibrium would be

UO2(X)(PAR)−+R3R′NBr(o)=UO2(X)(PAR)(R3R′N)(o)+B r−.

The extraction constant Kex is given by logKex=3.07.
Syntheses of Cyano Derivatives of Triphenylphosphoniocyclopentadienide
Authors: Yoneda Shigeo , Watanabe Masatake , Yoshida Zen-ichi
Published: July 2006

Bromo derivatives of triphenylphosphoniocyclopentadienide were found to react with copper cyanide in N,N-dimethylformamide to give the corresponding nitriles without decomposition. The mono- and dicyano derivatives were prepared under relatively mild reaction conditions, but no tricyano derivatives were obtained from the cyclopentadienide having more than three bromine atoms in the cyclopentadienyl ring.
α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. XV. The Reaction of Ethyl 3-Nitro-2-alkenoate with Bromine Azide or Bromine, and Transformations of the Products
Authors: Shin Chung-gi , Yonezawa Yasuchika , Suzuki Kaoru , Yoshimura Juji
Published: July 2006

The reaction of ethyl (Z)-3-nitro-2-alkenoate (1) with one or two equivalents of bromine azide gave a one-to-one mixture of ethyl (E)-2-azido-3-nitro-2-alkenoate (3) and 4-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide (5), or ethyl 3-bromo-2,2-diazido-3-nitroalkanoate (6), respectively, and the subsequent thermal and photochemical reactions of (E)-3 gave 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-nitro-l-azirine, together with a small amount of 5. The addition of bromine to 1, and the subsequent elimination of hydrogen bromide from the product, gave exclusively, the (Z)-2-bromo derivative (9). The reduction of 6 and 9 with diethyl phosphonate was examined, and the reaction mechanisms were discussed.
α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. XVI. Synthesis and Configuration of Diels-Alder Adducts from Ethyl 3-Nitro-2-alkenoate and 1,3-Butadiene
Authors: Shin Chung-gi , Yamaura Masanori , Inui Eiji , Ishida Yuzuru , Yoshimura Juji
Published: July 2006

The Diels-Alder reaction of individual (E)- and (Z)-isomers of ethyl 3-nitroacrylate and 3-nitrocrotonate with 1,3-butadiene, 1-acetoxy- or 1,4-diacetoxy-1,3-butadiene was conducted to give ethyl 6-nitro-3-cyclohexene-, 5-acetoxy-, and 2,5-diacetoxy-6-nitro-3-cyclohexene-carboxylates, respectively. The stereochemistry of the cycloaddition products has been elucidated by analysis of the NMR spectrum.
Solvolysis in Carboxamides. IV. Solvolytic Elimination of exo-2-Norbornyl Arenesulfonates in Carboxamides. Kinetic, Product, and Deuterium Tracer Studies
Authors: Saito Seiki , Moriwake Toshio , Takeuchi Ken’ichi , Okamoto Kunio
Published: July 2006

Solvolysis of exo-2-norbornyl arenesulfonates (RX: X=OTs (1a), –OSO2C6H4–p–OCH3, –OSO2C6H5, and OBs) and the deuterium labeled tosylates (1a-3-endo-d, 1a-3-exo-d, and 1a-3,3-d2) has been carried out in four carboxamides (N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) at 25–100 °C. The solvolysis has also been conducted in the solvents containing 0.01–0.2 mol/dm3 water. On the basis of kinetic measurements, product analyses, and the examination of isotopic distribution in the reclaimed substrate and the products (nortricyclene, norbornene, and exo-norbornyl carboxylates) it has been suggested that the reaction proceeds by syn-E1 and SN1 mechanisms, and that the carboxylates which are produced in the presence of water are derived from an imidatonium ion [R-Amide]+, which is formed by the attack of carboxamide on the intimate ion-pair [R+X−]. It has been observed that the isotopic scrambling occurs only between C(3) and C(7) positions of both norbornene and the reclaimed 1a-3-endo-d in DMA solvolysis at 75 °C, and that the isotopic distribution to these positions in norbornene is 57:43 at 10% completion and reaches 50:50 at half-life, indicating that only Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement is predominant in the course of norbornene formation, and also that the intimate ion-pair, from which norbornene is formed, is unsymmetrical and most probably with “classical” norbornyl-cation structure.
Synthesis and Absolute Stereochemistry of (+)-7,14-Dihydro-7,14-ethanodibenz[a,h]anthracene and Its Derivatives
Authors: Harada Nobuyuki , Takuma Yuki , Uda Hisashi
Published: July 2006

(7R,14R)-(+)-7,14-Dihydro-7,14-ethanodibenz[a,h]anthracene (1), and the 2,9-dimethyl- (2) and 2,4,9,11-tetramethyl- (3) derivatives were synthesized from (9R,10R)-(+)-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-1,5-dicarbaldehyde (4) of known absolute configuration. The CD spectra of 1, 2, and 3 clearly exhibit positive first and negative second Cotton effects due to the coupling of the 1Bb transitions of two naphthalene chromophores: Δε237.0=+326.5, Δε224.0=−180.5, A=+507.0, for 1; Δε240.6=+371.5, Δε227.0=−149.4, A=+520.9, for 2; Δε242.0=+340.3, Δε225.0=−88.0, A=+428.3, for 3. Since the sign of the A values is positive, positive exciton chirality between the two long axes of the naphthalene moieties is assigned. The (7R,14R) absolute configuration of 1, 2, and 3 is established by both CD exciton chirality and X-ray Bijvoet methods.
Chlorination of Phenylsulfinylcyclopropanes and Phenylthiocyclopropanes
Authors: Masuda Toshiaki , Furukawa Naomichi , Oae Shigeru
Published: July 2006

Chlorination of phenylsulfinylcyclopropanes or phenylthiocyclopropanes with various chlorinating agents provides the corresponding 1-chloro-1-(phenylthio)cyclopropanes but not any ring opening product. Kinetic isotope effects, (kH⁄kD), for the chlorination were measured with 1-deuterated cyclopropane derivatives and found to be small, i.e., 1.6–2.8. The chlorination is considered to be a kind of the Pummerer reaction of the chlorosulfonium salt formed as the initial intermediate in the reaction of sulfides or sulfoxides with such chlorinating agents as N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) or thionyl chloride and proceeds via the ylide-ylene intermediate.
The Removal of Heavy Metal, Phosphate, and COD Substances from Wastewater by the Lime Sulfurated Solution (Calcium Polysulfide) Process
Authors: Aratani Toshiro , Nakata Yasuyuki , Matoba Hitoshi , Yasuhara Shigeki , Yano Takeo
Published: July 2006

A new chemical precipitation process that had been developed for the removal of heavy metals was extended to the removal of phosphate and COD substances. For simulated wastewater contaminated with heavy metal, phosphate, and COD substances, removal experiments were undertaken in a batch, stirred vessel by using the lime sulfurated solution as a single coagulant. The coagulant, the main component of which is CaSx, decomposes in water on contact with air or CO2 gas, and liberates H2S, CaS2O3, CaCO3, CaSO4, and solid sulfur particles. While heavy metals are precipitated as metal sulfides or hydroxides, phosphate is precipitated as calcium phosphate and COD substances are sorbed on the surfaces of the precipitates and they removed. The experimental findings are as follows: (1) The simulated wastewater contaminated simultaneously with phosphate and cadmium ions can be treated better than that contaminated only with the phosphate ion. Also, the CaSx process is found to be more effective than the Ca(OH)2 process for the removal of phosphate. (2) The removal percentages of COD substances ranged from 40% to 90% according to the sort of substance. The COD removal can be attained by the sorption of the substances mainly on the liberated solid sulfur particles, and partly on the calcium salts.
Complexing Behaviour of 2H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Ru(II), Rh(III), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(I)
Authors: Gupta Birendra Kumar , Gupta D S , Agarwala U G
Published: July 2006

Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Ru(II), Rh(III), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(I) with 2H-1,2,4-triazole3-thiol have been prepared. Probable structures have been proposed for the complexes on the basis of visible and infrared spectra, magnetic susceptibility, and chemical analysis. Crystal field parameters have been calculated wherever possible.
The Polarographic Behavior of 6-Mercaptopurine in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Yao Toshio , Uda Junji , Wasa Tamotsu , Musha Soichiro
Published: July 2006

The polarographic reduction of 6-mercaptopurine at the dropping mercury electrode took place in two steps; they were a two-electron process producing the 1,6-dihydro derivative, followed by a further two-electron process producing the 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro derivative. An anodic wave corresponding to the reaction with the mercury of the electrode material was observed at a relatively low potential, and its analytical utility for the determination of 6-mercaptopurine is suggested.
Hetero-atom Effect on the Benzene-Prismane and Related Reactions Perturbation Density Matrix of Intramolecular Cycloadditions
Authors: El-Basil Sherif , Hilal Rifaat
Published: July 2006

A formalism is presented for studying intramolecular cycloadditions in terms of their corresponding perturbation density matrices. The effect of hetero-atom on a particular intramolecular cycloaddition is discussed.
Effect of Water Structure on Mixed Synthetic Polypeptide–Lipid Monolayers
Authors: Shibata Akira , Yamashita Shinsuke , Yamashita Takuya
Published: July 2006

The effect of water structure on the interaction of synthetic polypeptides with fatty acids in monolayers at the air-water interface was investigated. It was found that SCN−, F−, and urea exert a remarkable effect upon the hydrophobic interaction in monolayers. SCN− and urea disrupt the hydrated structure biult up around the hydrocarbon moieties of polypeptides and lipids at the interface. On the other hand, the presence of F− as a structure maker tends to stabilize the hydrophobic bonding. The infrared spectra of polymer components were practically identical for the collapsed films in the absence and presence of SCN−, F−, and urea.
Study of Metal Oxide Catalysts by Temperature Programmed Desorption. 3. Formation and Reactivity of Adsorbed Oxygen over α-Ferric Oxide
Authors: Iwamoto Masakazu , Yoda Yukihiro , Yamazoe Noboru , Seiyama Tetsuro
Published: July 2006

Formation and reactivity of oxygen adsorbates on the surface of α-Fe2O3 were investigated in the temperature range 0–600 °C by means of a temperature programmed desorption (TPD) technique. At least four different states of adsorbed oxygen were indicated by four TPD peaks, the maxima of which appeared at 50–300 (α), 350–360 (β), 480–490 (γ), and >600 °C (δ), respectively. Mode of preparation hardly affected the essential nature of oxygen adsorption (or desorption) except the relative amounts of respective desorptions. Of these adsorbates, α, whose desorption peak shifts over a wide temperature range depending upon adsorption conditions, was interpreted to be molecular oxygen (O2 or O2−) bonded to the oxide surface with an extraordinarily broad heterogeneity, while β and γ species were tentatively assigned to O2− and O−, respectively, adsorbed on different sites. The activation energies of desorption were 23.8 and 54.6 kcal/mol for β and γ, respectively. On exposure to gaseous hydrogen, β species as well as α turned more reactive than γ, though γ was also reactive at higher temperatures. The reaction of β and α species with hydrogen at lower temperatures gave rise to an increase in γ adsorption. This is accounted for by assuming a reaction in which the molecular adsorbates (α and β) react with hydrogen to leave the atomic adsorbates (γ) behind.
Relaxation Phenomena after an Area Strain on the Adsorbed Surfaces of Aqueous Solutions of Poly(oxyethylene) Dodecyl Ethers
Authors: Nakamura Masao , Takeuchi Shinichi
Published: July 2006

The relaxations were observed after suddenly dilating or compressing the equilibrium surfaces of aqueous solutions of poly(oxyethylene) dodecyl ethers, C12H25(OC2H4)nOH (n= 5 and 7), at 303 K. The relaxation is expressed as the Maxwell model, with a Hookean surface-area modulus and a Newtonian surface-area viscosity, if the absolute value of an area strain is less than 0.3. The surface-area modulus is dependent upon the amount of surfactant molecules adsorbed in the surface, Γ, regardless of the sign of the area strain. The relaxation time, τc, in the case of compression is dependent on Γ, and τd in the case of dilation depends on the monodispersed concentration of the surfactant in the bulk solution, C. The surface dilational viscosity, ηbA, has a maximum around the concentration at which the surface reaches the saturated adsorption. The rate constants for the adsorption and desorption were estimated by determining empirically the functions of 1/τd and 1/τc with respect to C and Γ respectively.
Theoretical Studies on the Electronic Structure of the H2S Anion Radical
Authors: Nagata Shinichi , Yamabe Tokio , Fukui Kenichi
Published: July 2006

The electronic structure of the H2S anion radical has been investigated by means of the non-empirical unrestricted Hartree-Fock method. The most stable conformation of this radical has been obtained at bond length R(S–H)=1.550 Å and bond angle θ (<HSH)=160°. These values are relatively larger in comparison with observed values of the neutral molecule (R=1.335 Å and θ=92.2°). ESR hyperfine coupling constants and excitation energies have also been examined through analyses of the electronic structure of the most stable conformation of this radical. Furthermore, the dissociation process, H2S→H2+S− or HS−+H, has been discussed.
A Finite Element Approach to the Two-dimensional Vibrational Schrödinger Equation and Its Application to the Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Kanesaka Isao , Arai Hideyuki , Kawai Kiyoyasu
Published: July 2006

The finite element method was examined in relation to the two-dimensional vibrational Schrödinger equation. Some boundary conditions were used because of the symmetry of the potential, resulting in a higher precision in the case of the symmetrical potential, where the harmonic oscillators and the symmetrical hydrogen bond without anharmonicity were examined satisfactorily. An application was made to the symmetrical hydrogen bond with an-harmonicity, where the precision was less for the higher levels. By a comparison of the calculated with the observed infrared spectra, the anharmonic potential constants for the assumed potential function were estimated.
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of β-Chloroisocrotonic Acid
Authors: Ichimura Kiyoshi , Nakamura Nobuo , Chihara Hideaki
Published: July 2006

35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance frequencies have been measured in powders of β-chlorocrotonic acid, and β-chloroisocrotonic acid to be 34.966 and 34.261 MHz, respectively, at 78 K. Zeeman effect experiments were conducted on a single crystal of β-chloroisocrotonic acid and the asymmetry parameter of the electric field gradient has been determined to be 0.174±0.016 at 78 K. The π-electron density on the chlorine site has been estimated from the asymmetry parameter according to Bersohn and discussed on the basis of the semi-empirical Pariser-Parr-Pople molecular orbital treatment.
The Enantioselective Dehydrogenation of Racemic Secondary Alcohols Catalyzed by Dimeric Ruthenium(II) Chiral Diphosphine Complexes
Authors: Ohkubo Katsutoshi , Terada Ikuhiro , Yoshinaga Kohji
Published: July 2006

The asymmetric dehydrogenation of racemic alcohols by an effective Ru2Cl4((−)-diop)3 (diop=2,3-O-isopropylidene-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane) was investigated with and without unsaturated hydrogen acceptors at 120–195 °C, with particular reference to the enantioselective factors and the reaction mechanism. The magnitude of enantioselectivity was substantially affected by the structures of the alcohols and of the hydrogen acceptors and by the reaction temperature; the hydrogen acceptors (R1CH=CHR2: R1\eweqH and R2\eweqH) contributed to the enhancement of the selectivity through the newly formed asymmetric centers which result from their coordination to the chiral Ru(II) complex. The activation parameters (ΔH\eweq and ΔS\eweq) obtained from the linear Arrhenius dependence of the rate constants of each enantiomer (R- or S-alcohol) established an isokinetic relationship, and the defference in the parameters of the each enantiomer (ΔΔH\eweq and ΔΔS\eweq) also showed a satisfactorily linear correlationship between them. It is deduced from the present study that the enantioselection of R- and S-alcohols occurs at different coordination distances toward the chiral Ru(II) complex between the enantiomers under asymmetric circumstances.
Intramolecular Charge Transfer in the Polar Fluorescent State of 1- and 2-Acylanthracenes
Authors: Tamaki Takashi
Published: July 2006

The absorption and emission spectra of 1- and 2-aroyl- and acetylanthracenes were measured in various solvents. The emission spectra moved to longer wavelengths and their forms changed from the structured ones to the structureless ones with increasing solvent polarity, while the absorption spectra showed no appreciable changes under the same conditions. These emissive features became more distinguished with increasing electronwithdrawing ability of the aroyl group. The dipole moments of the fluorescent state as estimated from the Lippert-Mataga formula were 7–16 D for these compounds. The assignments of the low-lying excited states are described in terms of the electronic transitions of the parent anthracene, 1La and 1Lb, which undergo perturbation by the substitution.
A Study on the Anode Effect in KF-2HF System. III. Influence of Bath Temperature and Surface Tension and Addition of Fluoride Particles on the Occurrence of the Anode Effect
Authors: Imoto Hiroki , Ueno Kazuo , Watanabe Nobuatsu
Published: July 2006

The decomposition reaction of the graphite fluoride film formed on the edge plane of pyrolytic graphite, carbon, and graphite electrodes was faster in a KF·HF bath (250 °C) than in a KF·2HF bath (100 °C) due to the higher temperature of KF·HF bath. The critical current densities (CCD’s) were about 0.1 A/cm2 for the layer and edge planes of pyrolytic graphite, carbon, and graphite electrodes in the KF·HF bath, and the CCD for each electrode was larger in the KF·HF bath than in the KF·2HF bath. The anode effect took place easily on the glassy carbon electrode in the KF·2HF bath. However, the anode effect did not take place in liquid hydrogen fluoride due to its very low surface tension, although the graphite fluoride film was formed on the electrode surface. The zeta-potential of aluminum fluoride particles in liquid hydrogen fluoride containing 0–20 mol of potassium fluoride/1 and that of magnesium fluoride particles in liquid hydrogen fluoride were almost zero at 0 °C. From the results it is not proper that the effect of the addition of dispersed particles upon the anode effect is explained by the view of electrostatic force of the particles proposed so far.
Multiple Transmission Method of Time Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Itoh Koichi , Takahashi Hiroaki
Published: July 2006

A new multiple transmission method of time domain spectroscopy was developed. A small amount of the sample (0.6 cm3) is needed in this measurement. The dielectric dispersion and absorption curves of 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-pentanol have been obtained as recorder traces of the spectra stored in the minicomputer. Three dielectric parameters, ε∞, ε0, and τ, are estimated for these alcohols.
Proton Diffusion in the Premelted State of 1-Hexadecanol
Authors: Murase Norio , Fujita Teruyuki , Morikawa Naotake , Koga Shozo
Published: July 2006

Proton diffusion in the α-phase of polycrystalline 1-hexadecanol was studied using C16H33O3H and C15H31–14CH2OH. It was found that hydroxyl proton diffuses translationally more easily than the whole molecule. A value of (7±5)×10−7 cm2/s was obtained for the diffusion coefficient of the hydroxyl proton in the α-phase. This fast diffusion is ascribed to the presence of molecular rotation involving hydrogen-bond networks in the α-phase of the crystal. Since the mechanism for the proton diffusion seems to be the same as that for the protonic conduction in this α-phase, proton mobility can be calculated from the diffusion coefficient, assuming that molecular rotation makes the rate determining step in both processes.
Phosphorescence Emissions and Nonradiative Properties of Vapors of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds at Low Pressure
Authors: Itoh Takao , Baba Hiroaki , Takemura Takeshi
Published: July 2006

The phosphorescence quantum yields of benzaldehyde, acetophenone, p-fluorobenzaldehyde, p-chlorobenzal-dehyde, and benzophenone vapors, measured at low pressure down to the order of 10−3 Torr as a function of excitation wavelength, are essentially constant in the region of excitation energy corresponding to the S1(n, π*) state, whereas the yields decrease very sharply as the excitation energy is raised to the value corresponding to the S2(π, π*) state. This indicates that the nonradiative pathway in the carbonyl compound varies according to the type of the singlet state to which the molecule is initially excited. When excited to the S1 and S2 states, the molecule passes to the phosphorescent triplet state and a decomposing state, respectively. Two mechanisms are suggested and examined for understanding the nonradiative properties of the carbonyl compound vapors: (I) The internal conversion S2→S1 is slow compared with the conversion from S2 to the decomposing state; (II) the vibrational energy redistribution in S1 between the vibrational mode populated through S2→S1 and the mode to be populated optically is slow compared with the conversion from the former mode to the decomposing state.
The Formation of Trapped Electrons upon the Thermal Dehydrationcondensation of Hydrated Hydrogenorthophosphates
Authors: Kawazoe Hiroshi , Nishino Masaru , Hosono Hideo , Isozaki Kei , Ametani Kazuo , Imai Masahiko , Kanazawa Takafumi
Published: July 2006

Radical formation was found in the thermal dehydration-condensation process of hydrated hydrogenorthophosphates (HHP). It was considered that the intermediate radical reacted with lattice defects, thus resulting in the generation of trapped electrons. The gray coloration and the ESR sensitivity of the heated HHP were assigned to the formation of the trapped electron.
Extraction of Lanthanoids from Hydrochloric and Nitric Acid Solutions by Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric Acid
Authors: Hirashima Yoshiyuki , Yamamoto Yasuhiro , Takagi Shigeru , Amano Taisuke , Shiokawa Jiro
Published: July 2006

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid+ (D2EHPA or HX) extracts lanthanoids (Ln) from a moderately acidic solution by cation exchange reaction: Ln3++m(HX)n\ightleftarrowsLnX3·3HX+3H+. From the mode of extraction m is estimated to be 3 in benzene diluent, and smaller than 3 in heptane diluent. The change of the relative extractability with the atomic number of lanthanoids is in line with what is expected from the concept of the tetrad effect proposed by Peppard et al. When the hydrogen ion concentration is very high, the main reaction is solvation: Ln3++3A−+q(HX)n\ightleftarrowsLnA3·4HX. In benzene diluent q is 2 and n is 2, while q is 1.6–1.7 in heptane diluent. It can be attributed to the difference in the association degree of D2EHPA that m or q is smaller in heptane than in benzene.
Induced Circular Dichroism Spectra of Some Achiral and Racemic Cobalt(III)–Amine Complexes in Aqueous (R,R)-Tartrate and (R,R)-Tartratoantimonate(III) Solutions
Authors: Miyoshi Katsuhiko , Oh Chang Eon , Nakazawa Hiroshi , Yoneda Hayami
Published: July 2006

The induced circular dichroism (ICD) spectra were measured in the first d-d transition region for the following cobalt(III)–amine complexes in aqueous solutions of (R,R)-tartrate and (R,R)-tartratoantimonate(III) anions; [Co(en)n(NH3)6−2n]3+ (n=0–3) and cis-[Co(en)2(RNH2)2]3+ (R=methyl and ethyl). It was found that a single negative CD band was induced for all the complexes in (R,R)-tartrate solution, while a single positive one was induced for most of them in (R,R)-tartratoantimonate(III) solution; the ICD developed in it was composed of a single negative band for [Co(en)3]3+ and of two bands with opposite sign for trans-[Co(en)2(NH3)2]3+ and cis-[Co(en)2(EtNH2)2]3+. The ICD spectra obtained for racemic complexes were interpreted in terms of differential interactions of Λ- and Δ-enantiomers with (R,R)-tartrate or (R,R)-tartratoantimonate(III), and an attempt was made to correlate the sign of their ICD spectra with their chromatographic behavior on an SP-Sephadex ion-exchanger with these chiral anions as an eluent.