bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polyoxometalate-based reticular materials for proton conduction: from rigid frameworks to flexible networks
Authors: Li Xiang , Chai Shengchao , Li Haolong
Published: March 2024

This Frontier article highlights the advancements in POM-based reticular materials for proton conduction and offers insights into the future development of advanced proton conductors for emerging technologies.
Inorganic–organic hybrid Cu–dipyridyl semiconducting polymers based on the redox-active cluster [SFe3(CO)9]2−: filling the gap in iron carbonyl chalcogenide polymers
Authors: Hsu Ming-Chi , Lin Ru Yan , Sun Tzu-Yen , Huang Yu-Xin , Li Min-Sian , Li Yu-Huei , Chen Hui-Lung , Shieh Minghuey
Published: March 2024

SFe3(CO)9-based Cu–dipyridyl polymers were synthesized by LAG, where their structures/bonding modes/transformations, semiconducting and redox-active behaviors, and electron transport were demonstrated.
Rapid solidification for green-solvent-processed large-area organic solar modules with >16% efficiency
Authors: Zhang Ben , Chen Weijie , Chen Haiyang , Zeng Guang , Zhang Rui , Li Hongxiang , Wang Yunfei , Gu Xiaodan , Sun Weiwei , Gu Hao , Gao Feng , Li Yaowen , Li Yongfang
Published: March 2024

A rapid solidification strategy was developed for simultaneously avoiding the Marangoni effect and suppressing molecular aggregation. The resultant 15.64 cm2 large-area OSC module exhibited a record power conversion efficiency of 16.03%.
The role of uterus mitochondrial function in high-fat diet-related adverse pregnancy outcomes and protection by resveratrol
Authors: Yang Xizi , Hu Ruizhi , Yao Liping , Zhang Wentao , Shi Mingkun , Gong Jiatai , Yuan Xupeng , Li Yanli , Yan Jiahao , Wang Ying , Zhang Qianjin , He Ziyu , Hou De-Xing , Fan Zhiyong , Zhang Hongfu , Chen Liang , He Xi , He Jianhua , Wu Shusong
Published: March 2024

This study elucidates the mechanism of obesity-related adverse pregnancy outcomes and further investigates the effect of resveratrol on reproductive performance in a short- or long-term HFD-induced obese mouse model.
Comprehensive recycling of spent lithium-ion battery cathodes and anodes via a targeted electrochemical redox process
Authors: Gu Shuai , Kong Jiao , Fang Baizeng
Published: March 2024

A targeted electroredox approach is reported, which has the potential to generate electricity during the leaching process in order to achieve comprehensive recycling of spent LIB cathodes and anodes with simple pre-treatment under mild conditions.
Progress in stabilizing zinc anodes for zinc-ion batteries using electrolyte solvent engineering
Authors: Li Le , Yue Shi , Jia Shaofeng , Wang Conghui , Qiu Hengwei , Ji Yongqiang , Cao Minghui , Zhang Dan
Published: March 2024

This review presents the research progress in the stabilization of Zn anodes using various solvents, including alcohols, amines, acetonitrile, lipids, ethers, and dimethyl sulfoxide.
Synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals from spinach waste for insulin delivery: comparison to chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Esmaeili Javad , Pirzadeh Kosar , Pakrooyan Mitra , Esmaeilpour Lukolayeh Mostafa , Kırboğa Kevser Kübra
Published: March 2024

Cellulose nanocrystals were synthesized from waste spinach and their potential for use in insulin delivery was assessed and compared to that of chitosan nanoparticles.
van der Waals interactions on semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes filled with porphyrin molecules: structure optimisation and Raman analysis
Authors: El Fatimy Anass , Boutahir Mourad , Rahmani Abdelhai , Rahmani Abdelali
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the Raman analysis of the free base porphyrin (Py) molecule and its encapsulation within a carbon nanotube (CNT) framework using computational simulations.
Design of a novel porous Fe2O3 cage catalyst for the production of gasoline fuels via coupling Fischer–Tropsch with zeolite cracking
Authors: Zhang Yulan , Lin Xizhu
Published: March 2024

A novel Fe2O3 cage catalyst with a hierarchical porous structure is designed and physically mixed with porous ZSM5. In particular, Fe + ZSM5(27) demonstrates prominent catalytic performance.
Synthetic access to diverse thiazetidines via a one-pot microwave assisted telescopic approach and their interaction with biomolecules
Authors: Rao Ramdas Nishanth , Das Soumyadip , Jacob Kezia , Alam Mohammed Mujahid , Balamurali M. M. , Chanda Kaushik
Published: March 2024

Computationally revealed mechanistic pathway of one-pot telescopically approached thiazetidine synthesis revealed the formation of a single product. The position of alkyl substitution plays significant role to enhance biomolecular interactions.
Synthesis of different organic ammonium-based bismuth iodide perovskites for photodetection application
Authors: Elattar Amr , Duclos Cassie , Bellevu Franchesca , Dickens Tarik , Okoli Okenwa
Published: March 2024

Four different primary, secondary, and tertiary amine-based bismuth perovskites have shown good potential towards photodetection application with the highest photo-detectivity of branched primary amine-based devices compared to other devices.
Role of iron oxide in retarding the graphitization of de-oiled asphaltenes for amorphous carbon
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Pu Ning , Yuan Yanxia , Yang Qinghe , Shen Haiping , Nie Hong , Hou Ranran , Yang Chuangchuang
Published: March 2024

Fe2O3 accelerates the polycondensation of asphalt molecules, consumes the excessive H and breaks the intact carbon layer, which weakened the π–π interactions, finally enhances the formation of amorphous carbon.
Expression of concern: Effectiveness of some novel heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl using practical and theoretical methods
Authors: Fouda Abd El-Aziz S. , Abd el-Maksoud Samir A. , El-Sayed Elsherbiny H. , Elbaz Hazem A. , Abousalem Ashraf S.
Published: March 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Effectiveness of some novel heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl using practical and theoretical methods’ by Abd El-Aziz S. Fouda et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 19294–19309, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA03083C.
Reactivity-based amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent chemosensors for the detection and monitoring of phosgene
Authors: Noushija Mannanthara Kunhumon , Vamshi Krishna Alenthwar , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur , Shanmugaraju Sankarasekaran
Published: March 2024

This review provides an overview of the latest developments using amino-1,8-naphthalimide-based small-molecule fluorescent probes designed for phosgene detection and sensing.
Star-PCL shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffolds with tunable transition temperatures for enhanced utility
Authors: Roberts Courteney T. , Beck Sarah K. , Prejean C. Mabel , Graul Lance M. , Maitland Duncan J. , Grunlan Melissa A.
Published: March 2024

Thermoresponsive shape memory polymers prepared with tunable transition temperatures using star-PCL macromers of varying molecular weights, improving tissue safety for use in applications such as self-fitting bone scaffolds and self-expanding stents.
UDT: U‐shaped deformable transformer for subarachnoid haemorrhage image segmentation
Authors: Xie Wei , Jin Lianghao , Hua Shiqi , Sun Hao , Sun Bo , Tu Zhigang , Liu Jun
Published: March 2024

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), mostly caused by the rupture of intracranial aneurysm, is a common disease with a high fatality rate. SAH lesions are generally diffusely distributed, showing a variety of scales with irregular edges. The complex characteristics of lesions make SAH segmentation a challenging task. To cope with these difficulties, a u‐shaped deformable transformer (UDT) is proposed for SAH segmentation. Specifically, first, a multi‐scale deformable attention (MSDA) module is exploited to model the diffuseness and scale‐variant characteristics of SAH lesions, where the MSDA module can fuse features in different scales and adjust the attention field of each element dynamically to generate discriminative multi‐scale features. Second, the cross deformable attention‐based skip connection (CDASC) module is designed to model the irregular edge characteristic of SAH lesions, where the CDASC module can utilise the spatial details from encoder features to refine the spatial information of decoder features. Third, the MSDA and CDASC modules are embedded into the backbone Res‐UNet to construct the proposed UDT. Extensive experiments are conducted on the self‐built SAH‐CT dataset and two public medical datasets (GlaS and MoNuSeg). Experimental results show that the presented UDT achieves the state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Experiment sorting of non‐ferrous metals by new orientation of magnetic disk separator
Authors: Nadjib Kadri , Ayad Ahmed Nour El Islam , Bozkurt Ahmet Fevzi , Erkan Kadir , Alshareef Muhannad , Ali Enas , Molu Reagan Jean Jacques , Ghoneim Sherif S. M.
Published: March 2024

Eddy‐current technique has been used in several industrial applications, such as non‐destructive testing and characterization, transmission systems, and separation processes. The main advantage of other separation techniques for eddy current separation is the absence of direct contact and do not use other liquid and water. This paper presents a novel configuration for a single‐disk vertical eddy current separator, covered by alternating permanent magnets. Unlike several other works, which employ a horizontal orientation for magnetic disks. The advantage is that it contains one driving motor, few strong permanent magnets, and a small size and simpler construction than the usual eddy‐current separators. In this work, the analysis of an eddy current separator with magnetic single disk using a numerical model based on finite element method, the obtained partial differential equation is done into the numeric solver. The experimental device was realized to separate two kinds of non‐ferrous waste: aluminium and copper. The experiment results show the effect of speed variation, metals size, and kind of metal on ejection distance.
Phase‐reconstruction from magnitude‐only data of electrically small antennas for body‐centric wireless communication
Authors: Nielsen Jonas Ørnskov , Kvist Søren Helstrup , Jakobsen Kaj Bjarne
Published: March 2024

A method for phase retrieval from magnitude‐only data for electrically small antennas intended for use in relation to body‐centric wireless communication, is presented. The method utilizes the spherical wave expansion (SWE) description of the electromagnetic field radiated by the antenna under test (AUT). The expansion coefficients of the SWE are optimized such that errors between the reconstructed and provided data magnitudes are as small as possible. The required additional phase information is acquired from additional magnitude‐only data sets of the AUT in different orientations. These orientations are defined by rotations of the AUT along the Eulerian angles. The performance of the method is evaluated for a realistic configuration, which consists of an inverted‐A antenna in the vicinity of an ear. The sensitivity of the method to the angular resolution of the field data, as well as to the Eulerian rotation accuracy, is investigated. Finally, the reconstruction method is tested on a set of practical antenna measurements conducted in an RF‐anechoic chamber.
Magnetic activity of red giants: Correlation between the amplitude of solar-like oscillations and chromospheric indicators
Authors: Gehan C. , Godoy-Rivera D. , Gaulme P.
Published: March 2024

Previous studies have found that red giants (RGs) in close binary systems undergoing spin-orbit resonance exhibit an enhanced level of magnetic activity with respect to single RGs rotating at the same rate, from measurements of photometric variability, Sph′, and the chromospheric emission S-index, SCa II. Here, we consider a sample of 4465 RGs observed by the NASA Kepler mission, for which previous studies have measured Sph′ and SCa II, in order to measure additional activity indicators that probe different heights in the chromosphere: the near-ultraviolet (NUV) excess from NASA GALEX photometric data, and chromospheric indices based on the depth of Hα, Mg I, and infared Ca II absorption lines from LAMOST spectroscopic data. Firstly, as for Ca II H&K, we observe that RGs belonging to close binaries in a state of spin-orbit resonance display larger chromospheric emission than the cohort of RGs, as is illustrated by an NUV excess and shallower Hα and infrared Ca II lines. We report no excess of Mg I emission. This result reinforces previous claims that tidal locking leads to enhanced magnetic fields, and allows us to provide criteria to classify active RGs – single or binary – based on their rotation periods and magnetic activity indices. Secondly, we strikingly observe that the depths of the Mg I and Hα lines are anticorrelated and correlated, respectively, with the amplitude of solar-like oscillations for a given surface gravity, log g, regardless of the presence of photometric rotational modulation. Such a correlation opens up future possibilities of estimating the value of magnetic fields at the surface of RG stars, whether quiet or active, by combining spectroscopic and asteroseismic measurements with three-dimensional atmospheric models that include radiative transfer.
Identification of a single plasma parcel during a radial alignment of the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter
Authors: Berriot Etienne , Démoulin Pascal , Alexandrova Olga , Zaslavsky Arnaud , Maksimovic Milan
Published: March 2024

Configurations in which two spacecraft, such as the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter, are radially aligned provide opportunities for studying the evolution of a single solar wind parcel during so-called plasma line-ups. The most critical part of these studies arguably is the identification of what can be considered the same plasma crossing both spacecraft. We present here a method that allowed us to determine what we think to be the same plasma parcel that passed through PSP (∼0.075 au) and Solar Orbiter (∼0.9 au) after their radial alignment on April 29, 2021. We started by modeling the plasma propagation in order to obtain a first estimation of the plasma line-up intervals. The identification of the same density structure (with a crossing duration ∼1.5 h) that passed through the two spacecraft allowed us to specify and confirm this estimate. Our main finding is that the density structure was very stable and remained well recognizable from PSP to Solar Orbiter despite its journey of ∼137 hours in the inner heliosphere. We found, moreover, that the slow solar wind plasma parcel was significantly accelerated (from ∼200 to ∼300 km s−1) during its propagation.
Processing and Tensile Properties of Natural Rubber Filled with Calcium Carbonate or Silica in the Presences of Lauryl Alcohol
Authors: Surya Indra , Ismail Hanafi , Anto Johan
Published: March 2024

The processing and tensile properties of the compounds of natural rubber (NR) filled with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or silica filler in the presence of lauryl alcohol have been investigated. The NR was filled with each of those fillers at a fixed concentration, i.e., 30 phr, and they were compounded with lauryl alcohol as a filler dispersant with varied concentrations on a laboratory mill by applying the semi-efficient vulcanization recipe. A typical oscillating disc rheometer (ODR) was utilized for the determination of processing properties. From the results, it was observed that CaCO3 or silica with lauryl alcohol had increased the rate coefficient of vulcanization (RV) of the filled NR compounds with a reduction in viscousness or minimal torsion. The results also showed that the lauryl alcohol additions have enhanced the tensile properties of obtained filled NR compounds. The greater the lauryl alcohol concentration, the greater the rate coefficient of vulcanization and tensile strength of both types of filled NR. The overall results have indicated that the lauryl alcohol performance in enhancements of processing and tensile properties was more pronounced on calcium carbonate than silica.
Scoping Review of the Bats and their ecosystem Services in Indonesia
Authors: Bagus Putra Prakarsa Tatag , Apriani Putri Rizka , Ratna Pertiwi Kartika
Published: March 2024

Bats have an important role in the ecosystem as seed spreaders, pollinators, insect controllers, and nutrient recyclers. However, there is no comprehensive review that evaluating the role of bats across biogeography in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to study the role of bats as insect controllers, seed dispersers, and pollinators based on the results of research over the last 2 decades in Indonesia. The data collected by research to published research with different keywords that covers different ecosystem of the bats. This review summarizes the importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide. It is reviewed bat-related literature published over the past two decades, with a total of 46 relevant literatures of the total literature, 47.8% studied bat diversity, 13% diversity and ecology, 17% studied its role as a pest control, 13% studied its role as a pollinator, and 8.7% studied its role as a seed disperser. The findings show that bat-related research in Indonesia has experienced an upward trend since 2003-2023. This study can be used as a basis for sustainable conservation efforts and aiming at achieving the goals of SDGs.
An Assessment of Urban Forest Landscape Services for Green Space Management Improvement in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Afrianti Chairunnisa , Widiarti Novita Mellinia , Akbar Indria Zhafirah , Rachmanto Eurico Pratama , Hanif Muhammad Faig , Amin Rahmat Akhirul , Kaswanto Kaswanto , Wiyoga Harityas , Mosyaftiani Amarizni
Published: March 2024

In the Bandung metropolitan area, urban forests (UFs) play a crucial role in providing landscape services, especially within the Babakan Siliwangi Urban Forest (BSUF). The BSUF is currently facing multiple development challenges, necessitating scientific evidence to elucidate its role in Bandung's urban landscape. This research analyzes the BSUF’s function in carbon storage, carbon sequestration, and oxygen production and to formulate management recommendations to provide optimal future benefits. Data collection was carried out in 14 sample plots and i-Tree Eco was used to analyze landscape services and predict future vegetation structure based on planned plantings. The findings reveal that (1) BSUF has a high tree diversity, with a 3.3 Shannon index and 41 tree species identified; (2) it stores 381 tons of carbon, sequesters 25.17 tons of carbon annually, and produces 65.07 tons of oxygen per year; (3) to enhance landscape services value for the next 30 years, a minimum 300 trees must be planted per year. These results demonstrate the BSUF’s significance and the importance of tree diversity in sustaining landscape services provided by UF. Additionally, this research introduces i-Tree Eco as a valuable tool for conducting vegetation analysis, aiding stakeholders in monitoring and formulating improved landscape management strategies.
Preliminary Report of Microplastic (MPs) Presence on East Java Freshwater Sponges at Brantas Porong River
Authors: Samudra Danang , Aunurohim  , Setiawan Edwin
Published: March 2024

Microplastics are plastic fragments in the size range of >1 μm to <5 mm. Microplastics are a global concern because of their presence in various ecosystems to organisms and their tendency to hurt organisms. Due to their small size, microplastics can be easily ingested by organisms, including sponges. Freshwater sponges are rare in the world. As a filter feeder organism, sponges can accumulate microplastics into their bodies. This study aims to analyze the physical characteristics of microplastic abundance in freshwater sponges in Porong River, Mojokerto City, East Java. Oncosclera asiatica and Eunapius carteri sponge samples were taken from Porong River at a depth of about 1 meter. Analysis of physical characteristics (size, color, and shape) was conducted using a stereo microscope and Optilab. The abundance of microplastics in O. asiatica was found to be 1150 particles/20 grams wet weight. The physical characteristics that dominate O. asiatica sponges are red and black fibers, black fragments, and pellets. The abundance of microplastics in E. carteri was found to be 2.850 particles/20 grams wet weight. The physical characteristics that dominate E. carteri sponges are white foam, crystal pellets, blue fibers, and black fragments.
Ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis obovata in peatland ecosystems
Authors: Helbert  , Faulina Sarah Asih , Bastoni  , Santosa Purwanto Budi , Rahayu Laras Murni , Aryanto  , Hidayat Asep , Turjaman Maman
Published: March 2024

The majority of tropical forest plants form associations with Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). These symbiotic fungi play important roles in promoting the survivability of their host, improving their productivity, and increasing microbial biodiversity in the underground. In order to promote the survivability and the growth of two peatlands tree species (Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis obovata) on Central Kalimantan and South Sumatra, their seedlings were inoculated with EMF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EMF inoculation by identifying the EMF that colonized the root tips of Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis obovata using a molecular approach after 3 years of planting. The results shows that eight molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU) were successfully identified out of twelve EMF root tips. Most of these MOTU identified as Thelephoraceae family, which is a cosmopolitan fungus in Southeast Asia forests. However, none of the inoculated EMF were detected in the root tips, indicating the occurrence of natural succession process, where native EMF in the field replacing inoculated EMF in the nursery.
Biomaterials for Artificial Organs and Organoids- A Comprehensive review
Authors: Praveena K , Manjunatha  , Awasthi Ankita , Dutt Amit , Khan Irfan , Maan Preeti , Hussien Raghad Ahmed
Published: March 2024

The technological development of biomaterials used in forming artificial organs and organoids indicates a revolutionary area within biomedical engineering and the field of regenerative medicine. This study provides an in-depth review of recent progress in biomaterials, emphasizing their design and use for fabricating artificial organs and organoids. The analysis proceeds with examining the necessary parameters for biomaterials in simulating the biological and biomechanical qualities of local tissues. The next effort turns towards synthesizing and characterizing innovative biomaterials, including biocompatible polymers, hydrogels, and bioactive scaffolds that can be tailored to suit specific organ systems. The paper provides an in-depth take on the developments in 3D biological printing and microfabrication techniques, emphasizing how they facilitate the synthesis of complicated, multicellular structures. The research also examines the integration of biomaterials when combined with stem cell technologies, focusing on their role in forming organs and the prospects for customized medical treatments. This review highlights the significant developments achieved in this area and the potential of these technologies in addressing the limited supply of organs, performing drug testing, and improving knowledge of the growth of organs and diseases.
Secure and Sustainable Energy Distribution through Blockchain Technology in Smart Grids
Authors: Anjimoon Shaik , Chandrashekar Rakesh , Singh Navdeep , Parmar Ashish , Sharma Niti , Mohammad Q.
Published: March 2024

The incorporation of blockchain technology into smart grids is seen as a revolutionary method to bolster security and sustainability in energy distribution. This study offers a thorough examination of how blockchain, acting as a decentralized ledger, can be used within smart grids to facilitate secure energy transactions, manage distributed energy resources, and support peer-to-peer energy trading. The research investigates how blockchain's architectural deployment can mitigate cyber security risks, lower operational costs, and enhance transparency in energy transactions. It also explores how blockchain's ability to maintain immutable records aligns with smart grid technologies, suggesting a new framework that utilizes smart contracts to automate energy distribution protocols. Simulation findings indicate that integrating blockchain significantly boosts energy distribution efficiency while safeguarding data privacy and integrity. Additionally, the paper discusses the environmental benefits, illustrating how blockchain can optimize renewable energy sources within smart grids, ultimately reducing carbon emissions. The proposed model addresses the scalability challenge in blockchain networks, ensuring that the advantages of this integration are achieved without sacrificing smart grid operations' performance. This research sets the stage for future investigations into the resilience and adaptability of blockchain-enabled smart grids in meeting evolving energy needs.
A review: Eco-Conscious Design: Incorporating Biodegradable Materials in Modern Product Development
Authors: Anjimoon Shaik , Raj R Gowtham , Singla Atul , Khan Irfan , Paul Surovi , Abdul-Zahra Dalael Saad
Published: March 2024

The study paper investigates the rapidly evolving field of sustainable design and the increasing acceptance of biodegradable materials in the method of developing products. This research explores the movement towards environmentally conscious designs in light of increased environmental concerns and increasing customer demand for goods that are sustainable. This study addresses a range of biodegradable materials, examining their corresponding characteristics and investigating their integration into product design in various industries. This research discusses some of the challenges encountered in the purchase, production, and promotion of biodegradable products, all the while assuring their practicality and physical appeal. Also, the article examines the environmental consequences linked to these materials, drawing comparisons with traditional non-biodegradable alternatives. This study utilizes a mixture of theoretical analysis and case studies to offer useful insight into efficient techniques for implementing materials that decompose into product design. The research places a strong focus on achieving an equilibrium between ecological responsibility, practicality, and appealing to consumers.
Integration of AI in Distributed Energy Resource Management for Enhanced Load Balancing and Grid Stability
Authors: Dasari Kavitha , Raj Vijilius Helena , Nijhawan Ginni , Kalra Ravi , Pahwa Shilpa , Abdul-Zahra Dalael Saad
Published: March 2024

The landscape of power systems is undergoing a transformative shift with the burgeoning inclusion of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), which, while beneficial in enhancing the sustainability of electricity supply, introduces complexity in grid management. This paper presents a comprehensive framework leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) to orchestrate DER operations, thus achieving optimized load balancing and grid stability. A multi-agent system that utilizes machine learning algorithms is proposed, capable of predictive analytics and real-time decision-making. The architecture is underpinned by a robust data layer that assimilates inputs from a myriad of sensors and smart meters, facilitating the dynamic management of DERs. Through the simulation of various scenarios, the system demonstrates significant improvements in load distribution, peak shaving, and voltage regulation. The framework also showcases resilience against fluctuations and anomalies, attributing to the self-learning capability of AI models that continuously refine control strategies. The adaptability of the system is evaluated in the context of grid demand-response initiatives and the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. Overall, the results indicate a substantial advancement in the operational efficiency of power grids, highlighting the synergy between AI and energy resource management.
Civil society movement in the protection of the peat ecosystem of Meranti Islands, Riau – Indonesia
Authors: Hasanuddin  , Handoko Tito , Ishak  , Tinov Mohammad Yohamzy Tiyas
Published: March 2024

In a country’s democratic system, the existence of Civil Society Organizations is indispensable. Civil Society Organizations are sociopolitical institutions that can be used by the community to channel their goals and demands to influence or even shape government policy. In this scenario, Civil Society Organizations can be viewed in two ways, namely sectoral groups and regional groups. Both Groups aim to persuade the government to address issues of public interest in a timely manner. In addition to persuasion, civil society organizations can also carry out advocacy and even file lawsuits against the Government and companies for ecosystem damage. Regarding the issue of peat ecosystem damage, this issue has become a serious issue for the Indonesian government in the last two decades. Damage to peat ecosystems due to illegal encroachment, exploitation for the benefit of plantation companies and brutal conversions have damaged peat ecosystems in Indonesia. Cases of forest and land fires in the last two decades show that management of peat ecosystems is not carried out wisely, the majority of peatland fires occur within company concession areas and very few are due to community activities. Cases of forest and land fires are the most troubling phenomena, especially in Riau this issue even stretches to become a national and transnational issue when the impact of forest and land fires disrupts the activities of citizens of other countries (Singapore and Malaysia). This study analyzes the Meranti Islands civil society movement in protecting the peat ecosystem in the Meranti Islands, in particular, the case of damage to the Meranti Islands peat ecosystem is no longer a secret and needs serious attention from all parties. Various literature suggests that the civil society movement has become a steep road when dealing with authoritarian governments, but after Suharto, this movement has actually become a political force to influence and shape government policy. Likewise with the Meranti Islands civil society movement in efforts to protect the peat ecosystem.
Grand design policy for economic empowerment through waste management: A case study of Pekanbaru City’s environmental and energy strategies
Authors: Tommy Syafrian , Sujianto  , Rusli Zaili , Heriyanto Meyzi
Published: March 2024

Waste management has emerged as a compelling issue within the global environmental crisis context. The escalating waste production and its consequential impact on the environment necessitate proactive management solutions. This research aims to delve into the potential of economic empowerment through waste management and scrutinize the ramifications of environmental and energy policies on the populace of Pekanbaru City. Employing a mixed methods approach, through field surveys, direct perspectives from the public and stakeholders concerning economic empowerment through waste management were meticulously amassed. The results from the data analysis underscore the potential benefits of economic empowerment via waste management. These findings substantiate the exigency for an integrative and sustainable policy stance in confronting the multifarious challenges posed by waste management. This necessitates not only an integrated food system policy but also the provision of community training and education, alongside governmental support for waste management programs. The realm of waste management exhibits a substantial capacity to augment the economic empowerment of the community. However, the optimization of waste management practices in Pekanbaru City mandates a comprehensive strategy facilitated through a multi-sectoral collaboration, involving government, private enterprises, and the community.
Existentialism and environmental destruction: Should polluters face criminal punishment or an existential crisis?
Authors: Imran Suwitno Y. , Apripari  , Muhtar Mohamad Hidayat , Puluhulawa Jufryanto , Kaluku Julisa Aprilia , Badu Lisnawaty W.
Published: March 2024

This study examines how existentialism, which emphasizes purpose, freedom, and individual life, affects environmental harm. The study asks: should environmental polluters face only criminal penalties or existential crises as a deeper moral responsibility? Conceptual normative research is used in this work. This study analyses existentialist and environmental criminal law literature to link existential crises to environmental degradation. The results imply that existentialism—a philosophy that analyses meaning, freedom, and existence—is linked to rampant environmental deterioration. This study suggests that environmental harm perpetrators should confront an “existential crisis” rather than criminal punishment. The crisis is forcing a reorientation of values and actions, which affects business behaviour, environmental ethics, and criminal law. Existentialism in Environmental Law and ethics broadens “responsibility” and “accountability,” while offering a more inclusive, democratic, and sustainable paradigm.
Urban land use challenges to vegetation index of green open spaces
Authors: Sunarhadi R. Muhammad Amin , Setyono Prabang , Kusumaningrum Lia , Berlin Gabriel Enos , Nurcahyati M. , Maulidyna A. , Waskito D.N. , Aldzahalbi M.A. , Ally Haydar , Zaky Fadhil Achmad
Published: March 2024

Green open space as nature-based solutions (NBS) infrastructure must be prioritized to continue providing environmental services. Green open spaces can reduce risks from possible threats. The NDVI, as the green open space vegetation index value, measures the function of the area in the Mount Tidar Botanical Gardens (MTBG) Magelang where maintaining ecology and vegetation density services as measured by the NDVI value. Environmental challenges from outside the MTBG are increasing of NDBI that changes in urban land use, which widely changes vegetation density. The methods used in this study are comparison remote sensing interpretation for NDVI and NDBI by Sentinel satellite imageries were analyzed as environmental interaction of biotic, abiotic, and cultural in 2019 and 2023. The results showed that the change in area of plant density in Magelang City, which was initially 61.85%, was moderate and dense vegetation in 2019, decreased to 47.79% now. Magelang City’s population growth of 1.02% requires 455.60 km2 of residential area, while green open space MTBG has stayed the same at only 3.8% of Magelang City Area. Vegetation density in MTBG is still above 99% from 2019 to 2023, dominated by vegetation with a density index of up to 96%.
Plastic packaging regulations in Padang: Bridging the gap between policy intentions and real-world implementation
Authors: Ulfah Nurul , Wahyuni Nila , Adicita Yosef
Published: March 2024

The issue of plastic waste, particularly stemming from packaging materials, has emerged as a global concern across various regions. This issue has also gained prominence in Indonesia, exemplified by the city of Padang. Despite the enactment of Regulation No. 36 of 2018 by the Mayor of Padang, aimed at curtailing plastic bag usage, the practical implementation of this measure has proven to be less than satisfactory. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the implementation of this regulation in Padang using literature review and descriptive methods. This study aims to unravel the intricacies of the implementation of the regulation, and to shed light on the challenges and obstacles encountered. By conducting a comprehensive examination, this research aspires to provide valuable insights into devising pragmatic solutions to enhance the efficacy of plastic packaging reduction initiatives in Padang. Ultimately, this study seeks to contribute constructively towards surmounting extant challenges and formulating more potent strategies to mitigate the deleterious repercussions of plastic waste in the city of Padang.
Sustainable environmental development by improving design of the Kerkof City Forest in Garut Regency
Authors: Hantari Anjas Ninda , Pratama Adhitya Surya , Herliani Desi
Published: March 2024

Based on Law no. 26 of 2007 concerning spatial planning, the minimum proportion of green open space is 30% of the city area. Green open space in Garut Regency has currently only reached 22%. One of the TRHs in Garut Regency, namely The Kerkof City Forest currently tends to be neglected. The Kerkof City Forest cannot be utilized optimally because of its poor condition and the lack of facilities and infrastructure within it. The non-optimality of the Kerkof City Forest raises research questions, namely how to improve the design of the Kerkof City Forest as a strategy for sustainable environmental development? The research method uses a deductive method which refers to several theories as parameters, including Herman Daly’s theory as a guide in implementing sustainable environmental design. Government Regulation no. 06 of 2007 concerning forest governance and forest management plans as guidelines for improving the design of the Kerkof City Forest. Improvements to the design of the Kerkof City Forest apply sustainable environmental principles which include ecological, social and economic elements as well as the arrangement and type of vegetation, provision of supporting facilities and waste processing as well as improved circulation.
Finding automatic sequences with few correlations
Authors: Jugé Vincent , Marcovici Irène
Published: March 2024

Although automatic sequences are algorithmically very simple, some of them have pseudorandom properties. In particular, some automatic sequences such as the Golay–Shapiro sequence are known to be 2-uncorrelated, meaning that they have the same correlations of order 2 as a uniform random sequence. However, the existence of ℓ-uncorrelated automatic sequences (for ℓ ⩾ 3) was left as an open question in a recent paper of Marcovici, Stoll and Tahay. We exhibit binary block-additive sequences that are 3-uncorrelated and, with the help of analytical results supplemented by an exhaustive search, we present a complete picture of the correlation properties of binary block-additive sequences of rank r ⩽ 5, and ternary sequences of rank r ⩽ 3.
Asymptotics of Z-convex polyominoes
Authors: Guttmann Anthony J. , Massazza Paolo
Published: March 2024

The degree of convexity of a convex polyomino P is the smallest integer k such that any two cells of P can be joined by a monotone path inside P with at most k changes of direction. In this paper we show that one can compute in polynomial time the number of polyominoes of area n and degree of convexity at most 2 (the so-called Z-convex polyominoes). The integer sequence that we have computed allows us to conjecture the asymptotic number an of Z-convex polyominoes of area n, ɑn ∼ C·exp(π)√11n/4⁄n3/2.
A review: compatibility of fuel cells as promising technology for DC-microgrids
Authors: Gunawardane Kosala , Padmawansa Nisitha , Jayasinghe Hasith
Published: March 2024

Due to a well-established infrastructure developed over the years, fossil fuel-based energy remains the predominant global energy source. Nevertheless, with heightened global attention towards addressing climate change concerns, there has been an increased focus on green energy technologies across various sectors. The advancement of distributed renewable power generation technologies such as solar photovoltaics (PV), wind, wave, tidal, etc., has contributed to a growing independence of power consumers from centralized grids, leading to a pronounced shift towards distributed microgrids. Notably, numerous electrical devices operate on DC power, aligning with the DC power output of many distributed renewable sources. Consequently, the concept of DC microgrids is gaining traction. Amid this context, fuel cells have resurged in prominence on a global scale, alongside the development of hydrogen economies. Given fuel cells DC-based nature, they are well-suited to explore new frontiers within DC microgrids. However, the seamless integration of fuel cells into DC microgrids requires effective power electronic interfacing. Thus, a comprehensive examination of the integration of fuel cells into DC microgrids becomes imperative. This article aims to address this gap by offering an extensive review of fuel cell technologies, the landscape of DC microgrids, and the prevailing context of control architectures. Notably, this review article fills an existing void in the literature by consolidating the key elements into a unified discussion.
Integration of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation into the Management of High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism: An Overview of Current Evidence
Authors: Chopard Romain , Morillo Raquel , Meneveau Nicolas , Jiménez David
Published: March 2024

High-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) refers to a large embolic burden causing right ventricular failure and hemodynamic instability. It accounts for approximately 5% of all cases of PE but contributes significantly to overall PE mortality. Systemic thrombolysis is the first-line revascularization therapy in high-risk PE. Surgical embolectomy or catheter-directed therapy is recommended in patients with an absolute contraindication to systemic thrombolysis. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides respiratory and hemodynamic support for the most critically ill PE patients with refractory cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. The complex management of these individuals requires urgent yet coordinated multidisciplinary care. In light of existing evidence regarding the utility of ECMO in the management of high-risk PE patients, a number of possible indications for ECMO utilization have been suggested in the literature. Specifically, in patients with refractory cardiac arrest, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or refractory shock, including in cases of failed thrombolysis, venoarterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) should be considered, either as a bridge to percutaneous or surgical embolectomy or as a bridge to recovery after surgical embolectomy. We review here the current evidence on the use of ECMO as part of the management strategy for the highest-risk presentations of PE and summarize the latest data in this indication.
Factors Associated with Maternal Morbidity among Black Women in the United States
Authors: Ibrahim Sous Catrine , Moravec William , DeFranco Emily , Kelly Elizabeth A. , Rossi Robert M.
Published: March 2024

Objective Non-Hispanic Black people (NHBP) have a three-fold higher rate of maternal mortality compared to other racial groups. Racial disparities in maternal morbidity are well-described; however, there are substantial differences in cultural, economic, and social determinants of health among racial groups. We thus sought to study the at-risk, non-Hispanic Black population as its own cohort to identify factors most associated with severe maternal morbidity (SMM).

Study Design This is a population-based retrospective case–control study of all live births in the United States between 2017 and 2019 using birth records obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. The primary outcome for this study was to determine demographic, social, medical, and obstetric factors associated with maternal morbidity among NHBP who did and did not experience an SMM event. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio between each individual factor and the outcome of SMM among NHBP.

Results Of the 1,624,744 NHBP who delivered between 2017 and 2019, 1.1% experienced an SMM event defined as a composite of blood product transfusion, eclamptic seizure, intensive care unit admission, unplanned hysterectomy, and uterine rupture. The rates of these individual SMM events per 10,000 deliveries were 50, 40, 20, 5, and 4 among NHBP, respectively. Among NHBP, factors associated in multivariable regression analysis with SMM in order of strength of association included cesarean delivery, earlier gestational age at delivery, preeclampsia, induction of labor, chronic hypertension, prior preterm birth, lower educational attainment, multifetal gestation, advanced maternal age, pregestational diabetes, and cigarette smoking. The population attributable fraction for cesarean delivery, preterm birth, and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disease for the outcome of SMM were 0.46, 0.23, and 0.07, respectively.

Conclusion The three factors most associated with SMM among NHBP are potentially avoidable or modifiable by aggressive screening, prevention, and treatment of preeclampsia and preterm birth as well as reducing cesarean rates in this population.

Key Points
Asymmetric Hydrogenative Coupling of Indoles with Unsaturated Ketones Enabled by Copper/Ruthenium Relay Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Jian , Guo Chen , Wang Chao , Tang Weijun , Xue Dong , Sun Huaming , Xiao Jianliang
Published: March 2024

A relay catalytic system is developed for the asymmetric hydrogenative coupling of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones, affording enantioenriched chiral γ-indole alcohols with broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivities (32 examples, up to >99% ee). Mechanistic studies suggest that the relay catalytic system consists of copper-catalyzed alkylation and ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation.
Evaluation of the Association between Medication Use and Sleep Quality among Shift Workers versus Day Workers
Authors: Rosado Magda Margarida Granadeiro , Carvalho Lucinda Sofia , Coelho André
Published: March 2024

Objective Different factors, such as medication use and shift work, can influence sleep quality. We aimed to determine the association between medication use and sleep quality in shift workers versus daytime workers.

Materials and Methods We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of active workers. Online questionnaires were applied to assess sleep quality, sleepiness, medication use, and sociodemographic characteristics.

Results A total of 296 participants were included: 124 (41.89%) daytime workers and 172 (58.11%) shift workers. In total, 130 (43.92%) participants worked in the healthcare sector, 116 (39.19%), in industry, and 50 (16.89%), in other sectors. After a bivariate analysis, poor sleep quality was associated with the presence of sleep disorders (p < 0.001), type of work (shift or day work) (p < 0.001), and the use of sleeping medication (p < 0.001). Although shift workers had worse sleep quality, no differences were found regarding the use of medications that act directly on the central nervous system or with proven effects on sleep. No association was found between medication use and sleep quality. When adjusted for the different variables that were individually associated with poor sleep quality, through a logistic regression model, none showed an increased risk of poor sleep quality.

Discussion In spite of the need for further research, our results have shown that sleep quality is influenced by many different factors whose impact must be evaluated in combination, and not just in a bivariate manner. There are many factors individually associated with poor sleep quality, but when adjusted to each other, they have shown no increased risk of having poor sleep quality.