bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF SNOW COVER OF SEMI-DESERTS AND DRY STEPPES OF THE CASPIAN SEA ACCORDING TO SATELLITE DATA FOR THE PERIOD 2001...2020
Authors:   Institute of information and computing technology MES, Terekhov A.G ,   RSE "Kazhydromet", Ivkina N.I. ,   RSE "Kazhydromet", Abayev N.N. ,   al-Farabi Kazakh National University,   RSE "Kazhydromet", Galayeva A.V. ,   RSE "Kazhydromet", Yeltay A.G. ,   al-Farabi Kazakh National University,   RSE "Kazhydromet"
Published: November 2021

The Snow Depth FEWS NET daily product was used to analyze snowy regime of the upper part of the River Emba basin from January 1 to April 30 for the period of 2001...2020. The Emba River basin is situated in Kazakhstan at the Eastern coast of the Caspian Sea. The area is characterized by the arid and extreme continental climate with dry-steppe and semi-desert landscapes. The population is small and the anthropogenic impact on the snow cover is minimal there. These conditions give an opportunity to identify the natural tendency in long-term changes of snow covering in semidesert zone of Kazakhstan. This paper describes the characteristics of the formation and destruction of the snow cover in the last 20 years. It was indicated that snowy regime has a trigger structure including two states; low-snowy regime and others years. It was shown that the snowy conditions are triggered. There are two modes, the first, as a low-snowy regime (up to 50 % of the entire sample) and the second mode includes other years. Significant variations of snow depth in various years masked many years’ tendencies of snow cover characteristics. But low-snowy regime was observed four times during five last years that can relate with modern decreasing snow covering in semi-desert zone of Kazakhstan.
The Effect of Impaired Brand Image: A Case Study in Analyzing the Influence of the Block Policy of the US on the Brand Image of Tik Tok
Authors: Li Boheng , Fu Rui , Wu Yuchen
Published: November 2021

In recent decades, short video platforms demonstrate their effect and efficiency of delivering information interactively in the new media era, and Tik Tok is one of the most influencing short video platforms. This research is intended to utilize the case study of Tik Tok's block from the US in 2020, analyzing the positive and negative factors contributing to an impaired brand image. Certain pieces of literature have been issued to discuss the effect of the market on an impaired brand image. However, from the perspective of political background, a case study of Tik Tok remains under-discovered. It will review the literature of brand strategy, brand image, and brand loyalty as a theoretical foundation in this research. On the other hand, a SWOT analysis will be carried out to further interpret the effect of the impaired brand image using the case study of Tik Tok's block policy in the US. This research will conclude that Tik Tok's development, indeed, will be restrained in the US. However, in the other countries or districts, its negative effect would have its limitations. The contribution, including brand strategy and brand loyalty of Tik Tok, should not be neglected, and it is its own competitive advantage in the current market. This research will illustrate that as the political block has its limit in affecting the brand strategy, it remains a core competitive advantage.
L’influence de la culture d’apprentissage sur l’intention de quitter, l’engagement affectif et la performance dans la tâche : le rôle médiateur du capital psychologique
Authors: Camiot Carole-Anne , Lauzier Martin
Published: November 2021

Introduction : Une culture d’apprentissage (CA) est l’un des moyens par lesquels une organisation peut influencer les attitudes et les comportements des employés. Cependant, la façon par laquelle ces influences opèrent n’est pas encore claire. Objectif : Prenant appui sur les théories de l’échange social et du capital psychologique (CP), cette recherche vise à étudier le rôle du CP en tant que mécanisme explicatif de la relation unissant la CA à certaines retombées organisationnelles (c.-à-d. réduction de l’intention de quitter, accroissement de l’engagement affectif et de la performance dans la tâche). Méthode : 163 employés d’un hôpital universitaire canadien ont répondu à un questionnaire traitant des différentes variables à l’étude. Les données recueillies ont été soumises à des analyses de régression par la méthode bootstrap. Résultats : Cette étude suggère que la CA est positivement liée au CP, à l’engagement affectif et à la performance dans la tâche, mais négativement liée à l’intention de quitter. Les résultats confirment aussi le rôle médiateur du CP. Un effet de médiation partiel a été constaté entre la CA et l’engagement affectif et des effets de médiation complets ont été trouvés entre l’intention de quitter et la performance dans la tâche. Discussion et conclusion : Cette recherche soutient qu’il est possible, dans un contexte où il y a une CA, de prévenir le roulement de personnel, ainsi que d’accroître les niveaux d’engagement et de performance. Cette étude permet également de reconnaître le rôle du CP et ses effets sur les professionnels de la santé.
Contents
Authors: EDITION ESKA
Published: November 2021

ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Diagnostic self-tests
Authors: Scaloni Flavio , Laporte Marie-Eve , Savic Miloje , Sabri Ouidade
Published: November 2021

At a time when patient empowerment is being talked about as a major trend, diagnostic self-tests might seem like a good option for both the population and healthcare institutions seeking to influence health policies. Such tests enable individuals to assess their own medical condition in an autonomous way, and they could also help control healthcare budgets by providing earlier diagnoses. In France, the market for self-tests has recently expanded with a battery of new tests available for a variety of health conditions. However, these tests are still at an early stage of adoption and have stirred controversy in the medical community with regard to the usability of the information delivered to patients. The present study’s objective is to explore whether the general population between 30 and 50 years of age is ready to adopt these self-tests. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted to investigate the thinking of 22 participants living in or around Paris with regard to medical self-testing in general and the latest types of self-tests in particular.

The study’s findings highlight the participants’ low awareness of self-tests and their double-edged attitude toward them. The results suggest there is a discrepancy between patients’ stated willingness to emancipate themselves from medical professionals and their level of dependency when it comes to receiving a diagnosis. This finding calls patients’ willingness to be empowered into question and emphasizes a strong need for guidance by the medical community.
Chinese EFL University Students’ Self-Reported Use of Vocabulary Learning Strategies
Authors: Fu Sijing
Published: November 2021

This study conducted the semi-structured interview to investigate the types of vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) Chinese English major university students employed and the factors for their VLS use. Chinese EFL learners frequently employed determination and cognitive strategies. They mainly used the mechanical strategies and focused on English words’ meanings based on Chinese equivalents. They preferred bilingual dictionaries, repetition, and memorization of fixed examples involving news words. They used metacognitive and memory strategies less frequently. This study proposed that Chinese EFL students’ rote memorization of English vocabulary was due to Chinese culture of learning, which values knowledge authority, consolidation and foundation, and also effort and perseverance. Additionally, the less L2 English immersion including L1 Chinese environment and non-communicative EFL environment also leads to Chinese EFL students’ VLSs use. Therefore, it is suggested that students be encouraged to use more memory strategies and metacognitive strategies. English teachers should provide students with strategy instructions and guide students to learn vocabulary through different types of VLSs in classes. After class, students could be encouraged to learn vocabulary incidentally through both intensive and extensive reading. 
Instructional Design for EFL Reading at Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Thinking Quality
Authors: Shao Yanhong , Kang Shumin
Published: November 2021

Thinking quality is one of the important parts of the core competencies of English courses at senior high schools in China, indicating the cognitive ability and level of thinking in logical, critical, and innovative aspects. This study attempts to integrate the development of cognitive skills into reading instruction, showing how to immerse students with diverse learning activities in the teaching-learning process in terms of information acquisition, information processing, and information output. And their cognitive competencies at different levels are purposefully cultivated. Specifically, they are not only nurtured at the level of understanding factual information through observation and comparison but also facilitated for the deep understanding of the text through analysis, inference, and induction. Most importantly, they are encouraged to use their linguistic knowledge creatively with evaluative abilities, thus promoting the development of their English learning and thinking ability concurrently.
Investigating the Teaching Practice Framework in the Departments of Primary Education in Greece: A Sociological Approach
Authors: Selechopoulou Vasiliki-Eleni , Sakkoulis Dimitris , Asimaki Anna
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to analyze and compare the Teaching Practice (TP) in the Departments of Primary Education (DPE) in Greece, in terms of objectives, structure and evaluation. The data for this research was drawn from the Study Guides of nine Departments that we examined in Greece, and they were analyzed using the technique of document analysis. The analysis utilized B. Bernstein’s theoretical framework. The analysis of the data revealed that the TP framework is differentiated across the Departments in terms of time demarcation and student evaluation. These differentiations illustrate the differences in the Departments’ philosophy and organization. Nevertheless, the chief aim of all the Departments is to familiarize future teachers with their duties and responsibilities, an aim which is achieved through the gradual introduction of the trainees into the school field.
Occupational Stress, Coping Strategies, Health, and Well-Being Among University Academic Staff—An Integrative Review
Authors: Shen Panshuo , Slater Paul
Published: November 2021

Occupational stress has been constantly rising among academics in universities globally, which affects their health and well-being. Although some studies reviewed occupational stress in academics, there has been less systematic evidence reviewed occupational stress of academic staff through the lens of the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping (TTSC). This integrative review aims to search, extract, appraise and synthesise recent evidence relating to occupational stress, coping strategies, health, and well-being of university academic staff. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology provides a structure for searching and reporting the search outcomes. Primary studies relating to occupational stress, coping strategies, health, and well-being of academics in university published from 2010 onwards were selected from five databases, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science in June 2020. Keywords included “stress”, “coping strategy”, “health”, “well-being”, “academics” and “university” in various combinations. The boolean operators “AND” and “OR” were also used. 17 out of 682 articles were included in this review. Most studies reported academics experienced moderate to high level of stress, and the heavy workload was one of the main stressors. Both positive and negative coping methods were used by academics to cope with stress. Occupational stress can contribute to poor mental health and decreased well-being of academics. This review can help to understand the work phenomenon of university academics and improve their health and well-being, which in turn can contribute to satisfaction and productivity within the educational institutes.
Decay Resistance and Color Change of Pine and Beech Wood Impregnated with R. Luteum and R. Ponticum Plant Extracts
Authors: Pelit Huseyin , Alkan Ali , Yalcin Mesut
Published: November 2021

In this study, the effect of impregnation with natural extracts on decay resistance and color change of pine and beech wood was analyzed. Flowers of Rhododendron luteum and Rhododendron ponticum plants were extracted according to the decoction method and aqueous solutions were prepared at different concentration levels (2 %, 4 % and 7 %). In addition, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and aluminum sulfate mordants were added to the solution to improve the properties of the extracts. Then the wood specimens were impregnated with the prepared solutions. The results indicated that the effect of plant species on the mass loss of specimens exposed to T. versicolor (white-rot fungus) was insignificant. Non-mordant extracts had a slight effect on the mass loss of the specimens. However, in pine and beech specimens impregnated with mordant-added (especially ferrous sulfate-added) extracts, mass loss was significantly reduced and resistance to fungal rot was almost completely achieved. The concentration level did not have a significant effect on the mass loss of specimens treated with mordant-added extracts. After impregnation, the L* value of all specimens (especially those treated with ferrous sulfate-added extracts) decreased and the specimens darkened. The a* and b* values increased in specimens treated with non-mordant and aluminum sulfate-added extracts and these specimens tend to have a red-yellow color. The a* value decreased and the b* value increased in wood specimens treated with copper sulfate-added extracts. The green-yellow color trend of these specimens increased. Both the a* and b* values of the specimens treated with ferrous sulfate-added extracts decreased and the green-blue color tendency increased in these specimens. The increase in the concentration level positively affected the determined color changes. The total color change (ΔE*) was higher in wood specimens (especially pine) treated with ferrous sulfate-added R. ponticum extracts.
Hoe maken we de taal van de rechtspleging genderneutraal?
Authors: Jebbink W.H. (Willem) , van Zijl R.E. (Rosa)
Published: November 2021

Hoe maken we de taal van de rechtspleging genderneutraal?

Ook nu nog, ver in de 21ste eeuw, is de taal van de rechtspleging niet inclusief. De Hoge Raad verwijst in zijn arresten bijvoorbeeld naar functionarissen en procesdeelnemers met louter mannelijke verwijswoorden, en beoordeelt het optreden van de raadsvrouwe met wat van de raadsman mag worden gevergd. In wetenschappelijke artikelen is eveneens de mannelijke vorm de norm voor het aanduiden van algemeenheden. Dat geldt ook voor wetteksten. Deze mannelijke dominantie in juridische taal is ongetwijfeld een cultureel verschijnsel, maar heeft geen basis meer in de huidige samenleving. Hoe kunnen we bereiken dat taal in de rechtspraktijk ‘inclusiever’ wordt?
De opsporing en vervolging van seksueel geweld door de jaren heen vanuit een genderperspectief
Authors: Pitcher K.M. (Kelly) , Samadi M. (Mojan)
Published: November 2021

De opsporing en vervolging van seksueel geweld door de jaren heen vanuit een genderperspectief

De vanzelfsprekendheid waarmee in huidige internationale instrumenten en zelfs nationale parlementaire stukken geweld tegen vrouwen wordt gekoppeld aan emancipatiebeleid en patriarchale machtsverhoudingen, verhult dat achter dit besef een jarenlange maatschappelijke, politieke en juridische strijd schuilgaat. Deze bijdrage brengt de ontwikkeling van de opsporing en vervolging van seksueel geweld tegen vrouwen in kaart en reflecteert op de onderliggende redenen die ten grondslag liggen aan de knelpunten die hierbij spelen.
Papa krijgt straf
Authors: Reef J. (Joni) , Jansen-de Wilde M.R. (Rachèl)
Published: November 2021

Papa krijgt straf

Wanneer een vader een vrijheidsstraf krijgt heeft dit veelal grote impact op betrokken vaderschap. De Raad van Europa vroeg in 2018 aandacht voor het thema omdat bewustwording van vaderschap in de strafrechtsketen leed en risico kan voorkomen in gezinnen van gedetineerden. Wij onderzochten in hoeverre er in Nederland gezinsgericht gewerkt wordt in de straftoemeting met betrekking tot verdachte mannen. We concluderen dat in zittingen meer aandacht besteed moet worden aan de rol van de verdachte man binnen zijn gezin.
Het succes van lokale nieuwkomers. Een verkenning naar het ontstaan en de succesfactoren van nieuwe lokale politieke partijen
Authors: van Ostaaijen Julien , Peeters Milou , Jennissen Sander
Published: November 2021

The success of local newcomers. An exploration of the origin and success factors of new local political parties

In this study, the authors analyse the development of the 46 Dutch local parties that received at least ten per cent of the vote in the 2014 municipal elections as a new party. The aim is to determine which factors are most relevant to the successful entry and survival of this group of parties. To this end, they conduct interviews with leaders of these parties, but also, for comparison, with the leaders of parties who failed to win a seat. An important common feature of the most successful local parties is that they express dissatisfaction with local politics in an appealing way and offer voters perspective. They do this by putting people on the list who are known in the small communities and who are actively involved. The following factors are present in varying compositions among the parties that even exceeded their election victory four years later: unity in the party or at least no ‘hassle’ visible to society, visible and appealing to residents, having clearly achieved something and being able to transmit that to society. Most founders of the most successful newcomers were previously politically active for a local branch of a political party. It is also striking that three quarters of the most successful newcomers come from municipalities with a maximum of 40,000 inhabitants.
Waar staan lokale partijen? De programmatische positionering van lokale partijen
Authors: Otjes Simon
Published: November 2021

Where are local parties? The programmatic positioning of local parties

Local political parties are an important factor in local politics in the Netherlands. These parties, which participate in municipal elections but are not affiliated with national political parties, are currently the largest ‘political family’ in the municipal councils. Yet surprisingly little is known about these parties. The existing research indicates that this ‘party family’ has a protest character. But at the same time, more precise analyses indicate that this party family is more diverse: and that the label ‘local party’ describes all kinds of different movements. However, a comprehensive analysis of the programmatic positioning of all parties in this family in relation to national parties is lacking. That is the purpose of this article. For this research, all election manifestoes of the departments and parties that participated in the municipal elections in November 2013, March and November 2014, November 2017 and March and November 2018 were collected. On this basis, the positions of all these parties are estimated on the left-right dimension, a scale that measures anti-elitist rhetoric and a scale that measures localism, based on modern quantitative text analysis techniques (bag-of-words approaches). In this way, for the first time, a picture is obtained of the programmatic cohesion and diversity of this party family as a whole.
Hoe werken lokale politieke partijen in interbestuurlijke netwerken?
Authors: Boogers Marcel , Eckardt Franziska
Published: November 2021

How do local political parties work in intergovernmental networks?

Because local political parties are by definition only active in one municipality, the assumption is that they are less effective compared to national parties because they have no representation at other levels of government and in other municipalities. It is then expected that aldermen of local parties will have more difficulty advocating the interests of their municipality in the region or province, the national government or the European Union. Interviews with aldermen of local parties and a survey among aldermen show that this picture needs some nuance. Aldermen from local parties say they can compensate for the lack of party political contacts by investing in personal relationships. It is striking that the non-partisan role of these aldermen also benefits them: because they do not have to take party political interests into account, they can more forcefully propagate the interests of their municipality if they are at odds with provincial or national policy. Because of their party-politically neutral role, they also acquire key positions more quickly in the region. The only disadvantage that aldermen of local parties do experience is the lack of support in the form of professionalisation and of knowledge exchange. They see that aldermen of national parties, who usually receive support from their national party bureau, sometimes have an advantage in this regard. This sheds new, and relatively little mentioned, light on the importance of party-political contacts.
Barack Obama: Een beloofd land
Authors: Nelissen Nico
Published: November 2021

Barack Obama: A promised land

Barack Obama’s autobiography ‘A Promised Land’, of which the Dutch translation was published in 2020, is a clearly and vividly written (political) life story devoted to the first term of his US presidency. Of course it also mentions the journey to the top and the efforts he had to make to achieve it. Not an easy task for a young, inexperienced newcomer, who is also African-American. The book is a candid account of what happened during the primaries and his first term in office. It gives the impression that it is based on diary notes, which he later processed, and then turned into a successful story by the editors of the publishing house. The book is also pedantic to a certain extent: it points out what is worth pursuing, how to approach things, and what you can learn from your experiences (and mistakes). By extension, it contains numerous (intended) messages and (life) lessons. Above all, it provides a fascinating insight into the immense struggle that Obama had to fight to be able and allowed to hold the highest office in his country as a black man. Nico Nelissen also discusses the question of what local politicians and local administrators can gain from this autobiography.
Mobile image processing system based on the Raspberry Pi 4 platform
Authors: Chlastawa Łukasz
Published: November 2021

The article presents an image processing system based on the Raspberry Pi (RPi) platform. At the beginning of the article, the basic assumptions and purpose of the system are discussed. The following section presents the structure and operation of the system. The window application managing the system and allowing to perform contextual and spectral transformations on images as well as the measurement of parameters such as image processing time and mean square error (MSE) was discussed. The transformations performed were based both on ready formulas contained in the OpenCV library and the author's implementations, including the function implementing the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm radix-2. Examples of transformations were presented along with their usefulness. In the end, the development potential of the created system is presented and its application in specific solutions is proposed.
ON THE ORIGIN AND DISABILITY PREVENTION
Authors: Golinowska Stanisława
Published: November 2021

There is an asymmetry in the disability research. Much more research is devoted to the problems of living conditions of people with disabilities and the instruments of their support and activation. Prevention of accidents, injuries and chronic diseases leading to disability is less researched. The article indicates that research on disability prevention should be multidisciplinary and based on the life course and settings (place of living) approach, preferably with the use of longitudinal observation. Correspondingly to this proposal, examples of studies meeting the author's suggestions are noted, as well as the guidelines of WHO and other specialized organizations on the use of developed definitions, creating national databases and mobilizing stakeholders for participation in adequate data collection process at international level.
Typology of life quality and statistical measurement
Authors: Borys Tadeusz
Published: November 2021

The article presents the importance of research on quality of life, the general concept of this category and criteria for the classification of generating important typologies quality of life, the description of which is the core content of the article. The article is development of the ideas and proposals put forward in earlier publications of the author. The added value of this work lies primarily in identifying two tendencies in discussions on the terminology of life quality and derived concepts. An attempt was made to determine the general concept of life quality, taking into account the proposed definition of axiological ground. Also typology classification criteria of quality were grouped for those that are disclosed axiology and those with hidden axiology. The study also presents some problems with measuring the quality of life within particular its classifications.
Meta-analysis of transactional and financial possibilities of using trade credit
Authors: Nehrebecka Natalia , Białek-Jaworska Anna , Dzik-Walczak Aneta
Published: November 2021

Article aims to systematize the knowledge acquired in the independent international research on the determinants of financing enterprises using trade credit by conducting a meta-analysis for the main groups of factors taken into account in the models: debt, liquidity, company size, profitability, stocks and growth opportunities. On the basis of publications review devoted to funding sources, 26 companies using trade credit from suppliers are selected. A database containing information about 232 of the estimated models is built. A logit model is estimated to identify the characteristics of trials and research methods determinants influencing the importance of trade credit finance companies. Results of the effect of debt financing on commercial credit utilization depend on the country and the characteristics of surveyed enterprises.
The impact of COVID-19 on human reproduction and directions for fertility treatment during the pandemic
Authors: Lee Dayong
Published: November 2021

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly, resulting in a pandemic. The virus enters host cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2). These enzymes are widely expressed in reproductive organs; hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could also impact human reproduction. Current evidence suggests that sperm cells may provide an inadequate environment for the virus to penetrate and spread. Oocytes within antral follicles are surrounded by cumulus cells, which rarely express ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Thus, the possibility of transmission of the virus through sexual intercourse and assisted reproductive techniques seems unlikely. Early human embryos express coronavirus entry receptors and proteases, implying that human embryos are potentially vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 in the early stages of development. Data on the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the human endometrium are sparse. Moreover, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 directly affects the embryo and its implantation. A study of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy showed an increase in preterm delivery. Thus, vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus in the third trimester is possible, and further data on human reproduction are required to establish this possibility. Based on analyses of existing data, major organizations in this field have published guidelines on the treatment of infertility. Regarding these guidelines, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, reproductive treatment is crucial for the well-being of society and must be continued under suitable regulations and good standard laboratory practice protocols.
Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam
Authors:   World Agroforestry, Simelton Elisabeth , Mulia Rachmat , Rigal Clement , Duong Tuan Minh , Nguyen Phuong Mai , North Hanna , Hieu Le Xuan
Published: November 2021

Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.
Die Revision im Strafrecht
Authors: Weidemann Matthias , Scherf Fabian
Published: November 2021

Das strafrechtliche Revisionsrecht zählt für viele Referendare zu den ungeliebten Rechtsmaterien. Während es im Studium allenfalls eine untergeordnete Rolle spielt, gewinnt das Revisionsrecht im Assessorexamen wegen seiner Klausurrelevanz an Bedeutung.

Illustriert mit zahlreichen Beispielen und Übungsfällen vermitteln die Autoren (ein erfahrener Leiter von Referendararbeitsgemeinschaften und ein Prüfer im Juristischen Staatsexamen) die examensrelevanten Strukturen und Probleme des Revisionsrechts und geben wertvolle Tipps für die Klausur sowie Formulierungshilfen. Anhänge mit Definitionen und Checklisten ermöglichen eine schnelle und zielgerichtete Wiederholung vor der Prüfung.

Für die 4. Auflage ist das Lehrbuch durchgehend aktualisiert und überarbeitet worden.
The Concept of Solidarity
Authors: Bartenstein Aline
Published: November 2021

Solidarity is a fuzzy concept although it is a core concept of the EU historically. Aline Bartenstein's book contributes to the clarification and analysis of the concept of solidarity between EU member states. In the theoretical part, she develops a novel conceptual approach to studying solidarity that goes beyond it having a purely political declarative function and is able to capture the dynamic of solidarity as a legal norm. In the empirical part, the author applies the concept to the integration processes in the natural gas sector between 2002 and 2019. Her analysis shows that an institutionalised principle of solidarity is in the making in the EU.
Bewegungslehre Sportmotorik
Authors: Meinel Kurt , Schnabel Günter
Published: November 2021

Dieser Klassiker der deutschen Sportwissenschaft wurde seit der ersten Auflage vor fast 50 Jahren ständig weiterentwickelt und liegt nunmehr in erneut überarbeiteter und teilweise erweiterter Auflage vor. Seit Erscheinen der ersten Auflage zehnmal übersetzt und in neun Ländern erschienen, ist dieses Buch auch heute noch als praxisnahe wissenschaftliche Grundlage der Lehre im Fachgebiet gefragt. Neuere wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse wurden unter Weiterführung des von Kurt Meinel geprägten sportpädagogisch-lehrmethodischen Anwendungsaspekts eingearbeitet. Seit der 11. Auflage stärker überarbeitet und zum Teil neu gefasst wurden insbesondere die Kapitel zum motorischen Lernen, zur motorischen Entwicklung, zu den koordinativen Fähigkeiten sowie zur Diagnostik und Untersuchungsmethodik. Das Glossar mit ca. 150 Fachbegriffen erhöht die Nutzerfreundlichkeit ebenso wie das umfangreiche Sachwortverzeichnis. Das Literaturverzeichnis der 12. Auflage wurde aktualisiert, vielfältige Literaturverweise im Text mit einer Vielzahl internationaler Quellen bieten den neuesten Wissensstand für Studierende und wissenschaftlich Interessierte.
Integrity of the Corporate Social Responsibility and Management of Financial Services in the Digital Era
Authors: Saxunova Darina , Hector Heiko , Kajanova Jana , Slivka Peter
Published: November 2021

Financial and banking industry are exposed to enormous progress in technology in order to benefit people and companies. Even governments are preparing to move ahead from cash to a cashless economy, it is essential to look deeper how the success of the digital transformation can influence the corporate social responsibility (CSR). The research object is CSR in the digitalization era focusing on accounting and finance services. The objective of this research study is to focus on the integrity of CSR and digital technologies in finance sector assisting in human decision making, business managerial approaches towards well-being of society are analysed. Then concepts generating benefits for the society are systemized in their historical development and their analysis and comparison are applied to highlight common features, discrepancies and deviations from CSR in their historical perspective. The contributions of the paper comprise in stressing the historical perspective of CSR development and its enhancement, emphasizing selected historical personalities that impacted with their work the CSR development, and finally the necessity of integration of CSR and finance world in the digital age, i.e. the digital process of accounting and financial services. This process should contribute to the crucial SDG accomplishment–“the well-being of society”.
Application of Data Science Approaches to Investigate Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Precision Medicine
Authors: Folorunsho Ajayi Ayodeji , Tayo Adebayo Emmanuel , Oluwadunsi Adebayo Iyanuoluwa , Simeon Oyekunle Olubunmi , Oluwaseyi Amos Victor , Emmanuel Bamidele Segun , Olusayo Olatinwo Goodness
Published: November 2021

In recent times, the application of artificial intelligence in facilitating, capturing, and restructuring Big data has transformed the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of diseases, a field known as precision medicine. Big data has been established in various domains of medicine for example, artificial intelligence has found its way into immunology termed as immunoinformatics. There is evidence that precision medicine tools have made an effort to accurately detect, profile, and suggest treatment regimens for thyroid dysfunction using Big data such as imaging and genetic sequences. In addition, the accumulation of data on polymorphisms, autoimmune thyroid disease, and genetic data related to environmental factors has occurred over time resulting in drastic development of clinical autoimmune thyroid disease study. This review emphasized how genetic data plays a vital role in diagnosing and treating diseases related to autoimmune thyroid disease like Graves’ disease, subtle subclinical thyroid dysfunctions, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and hypothyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Furthermore, connotation between environmental and endocrine risk factors in the etiology of the disease in genetically susceptible individuals were discussed. Thus, endocrinologists’ potential hurdles in cancer and thyroid nodules field include unreliable biomarkers, lack of distinct therapeutic alternatives due to genetic difference. Precision medicine data may improve their diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities using artificial intelligence.
Perspective Chapter: Recent Advances in Musculo-Skeletal Ultrasound
Authors: Okechukwu Erondu Felix
Published: November 2021

Medical imaging specialists continue to explore better ways of demonstrating pathology and anatomy of the musculo-skeletal system. The continuous quest is fuelled by the desire to improve diagnostic yield, perform procedures more quickly and accurately, reduce risks to patient or operator, achieve better cost efficiency and utilize less complex methodologies. In many instances, musculoskeletal ultrasound acts as a screening, diagnostic tool but also guide and monitor therapeutic interventions. The paper outlines the use of ultrasound in the imaging of peripheral nerve disorders, traumatic and atraumatic joint disorders, Doppler techniques such as super micro vascular Imaging and sono-elastography. Refinements in probe technology and application of digital and novel proprietary software, have continued to improve the resolution of ultrasound images and with finer details on a scale not previously possible. With increasing experience and standardization of protocols, Musculoskeletal ultrasound will continue to play a great role in the diagnostic work-up and treatment of related disorders.
Comparison of the Effect of Dexamethasone and Ketorolac on Pain Control in Elective Foot Surgery
Authors: Sabbaghzadeh Amir , Behnaz Faranak , Aslani Hamidreza , Ghasemi Mahshid
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effect of dexamethasone and ketorolac on pain control in elective foot surgery. Methods: Forty patients visiting Akhtar and Imam Hossein Hospital for lower limb orthopedic surgery were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups: (1) dexamethasone, and (2) ketorolac. The dexamethasone group received eight mg dexamethasone intravenously. Also, 90 mg ketorolac was infused in one liter of normal saline serum for 24 hours for the ketorolac group. Before injection and 2, 4, and 6 hours after the injection, pain control was measured employing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score. Corresponding data were then analyzed using the independent t-test. Results: The conclusions revealed that in two and four hours after injection, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the amount of VAS score. That is, the pain was weaker in the ketorolac group than in the dexamethasone group. The findings additionally proved that there was no statistically important difference in pain levels between the two groups six hours after injection. Conclusions: Overall, according to the results of the research, it can be settled that ketorolac is a better drug in foot surgery pain control than dexamethasone.
Molecular Pathways in Low and High-grade Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer as Revealed by Several OMICs Data Analyses
Authors: Zareian Somaye , Pahlavanneshan Saghar
Published: November 2021

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, accounting for 2.1% of cancer mortalities worldwide. Bladder cancer is categorized into non-muscle invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancers. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most common and widely heterogeneous type with different outcomes. Objectives: This study was designed to categorize NMIBC tumor grade based on microarray data analysis. Methods: We performed microarray data analysis using GSE7476, GSE13507, and GSE37815 in patients diagnosed with NMIBC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on low-grade and high-grade NMIBC. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was carried out, and hub genes and underlying molecular pathways were identified. Results: We observed low-grade Hub genes, including GAS6, TGFB3, TPM1, COL5A1, COL1A2, SERPING1, ACTA2, TPM2, SDC1, and A2M involved in a variety of gene ontology (GO) biological processes, while high-grade genes were involved in cell cycle and cell division. The most relevant pathways suggested for low-grade NMIBC were extracellular matrix organization, platelet degranulation, and muscle contraction. Conclusions: The identification of gene hubs and underlying pathways in several low and high-grade NMIBC samples may offer better treatment management and prognostication based on molecular profiling.
Diagnostic Potential of miR-30a and miR-200c in Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma
Authors: Takhshid Narges , Fahimi Hossein
Published: November 2021

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is responsible for the death of many people. It is mainly found in women; however, it is rarely observed in men. Nowadays, extensive research has been conducted on the detection, diagnosis, and prognosis of biomarkers of this type of cancer, as well as other types. MicroRNAs play a major role in regulating the onset and progression of breast cancer. To date, many significant increases and decreases in microRNAs levels have been reported during various cancers, and also tumor inhibitory roles have been reported for these small non-coding RNA molecules. Methods: In this study, miR-30a and miR-200c were studied to find new expression patterns in breast cancer patients. For this purpose, a quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the relationships between expression levels of miR-30a and miR-200c and several clinical and pathological features of the disease, such as tumor stage, HER2 gene expression, and lymphatic metastasis. Results: Our results showed that the expression of miR-200c and miR-30a in tumor samples was significantly lower than in normal samples (P < 0.01). Also, at higher stages of the disease, the expression of both miRNAs was remarkably reduced (P < 0.01). We also found that the expression of two miRNAs in patients with HER2 gene expression and metastasis in lymphatic regions was significantly lower than in HER2-negative and non-metastatic patients (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: We identified the relationship between miR-200c and miR-30a and breast cancer. These findings indicate that these microRNAs can be considered biomarkers in breast cancer.
Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical spiders of the genus Idiops Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Idiopidae), with description of four new species
Authors: Fonseca-Ferreira Rafael , Guadanucci José Paulo Leite , Yamamoto Flávio Uemori , Brescovit Antonio Domingos
Published: November 2021

Neotropical species of the genus Idiops Perty, 1833 are reviewed, and four new species are described from Brazil: I. duocordibus Fonseca-Ferreira, Guadanucci & Brescovit sp. nov., I. guri Fonseca-Ferreira, Guadanucci & Brescovit sp. nov., I. mocambo Fonseca-Ferreira, Guadanucci & Brescovit sp. nov. and I. sertania Fonseca-Ferreira, Guadanucci & Brescovit sp. nov. The majority of species are redescribed based on the examination of the types and extensive material. Males of I. petiti (Guérin, 1838), I. rastratus (Pickard-Cambrige, 1889), I. rohdei Karsch, 1886 and I. nilopolensis Mello-Leitão, 1923, and females of I. fuscus Perty, 1833 and I. pirassununguensis Fukami & Lucas, 2005, hitherto unknown, are described for the first time. Idiops nilopolensis, considered a nomen dubium, is revalidated. Idiops fulvipes Simon, 1889 is synonymized with I. argus Simon, 1889, and I. santaremius (Pickard-Cambrige, 1896) is synonymized with I. petiti. Neotypes are designated for Idiops fuscus, I. nilopolensis and I. siolii (Bücherl, 1953). Idiops bonapartei Hasselt, 1888 is considered species inquirendae, since the type is an immature female. Finally, an updated distribution map of Neotropical species is included. The genus now has 24 species in the Neotropical region.
Margherita Costa, la poetessa virtuosa
Authors: Merola Valeria , De Liso Daniela , Di Maro Maria
Published: November 2021

Tra le scrittrici “dimenticate” del secolo XVII, Margherita Costa (1600 ca.-1657) si distingue per la sua copiosissima e articolata produzione e per i toni, scanzonati e lucidi, con cui rivendica l’indipendenza femminile.La professione di cantante e virtuosa le consente di ottenere una certa autonomia e libertà nel contesto misogino seicentesco; la sua produzione risulta anomala a livello quantitativo e tematico sia se confrontata con quella delle contemporanee sia in quanto esempio di partecipazione attiva al consesso letterario in un contesto socio-politico in cui la scrittura femminile era in declino. Infatti, nel suo vastissimo corpus si possono riconoscere diversi generi: lirico, prosaico, storico, religioso, epistolare, drammatico (comico, mitologico, pastorale), attraverso i quali la poetessa non solo dimostra la sua versatilità, ma anche la capacità di usare registri diversi che oscillano tra il comico e il tragico, la satira e l’encomio, l’aulico e l’erotico.Eppure, l’intera produzione della Costa, nonostante gli elementi di novità e i messaggi moderni proposti, non ha goduto di fortuna critica. Anzi, «dal silenzio ha tutto da guadagnare» scriveva Dante Bianchi (1925: 211), condannando di fatto alla polvere degli scaffali dimenticati una delle più prolifiche e vivaci scrittrici del XVII secolo. Né meno impietosi sono stati i successivi lettori della virtuosa romana, come Martino Capucci che riconosceva alla sua copiosa produzione un interesse esclusivamente sociologico, perché «i soli tratti di qualche efficacia [sono] quelli dove erompe una aperta lubricità che si direbbe professionale» (Capucci 1984, 233). Gli ultimi decenni, tuttavia, nell’ambito di una rinnovata attenzione critica alla scrittura femminile del XVII secolo, hanno segnato finalmente un’inversione di tendenza e i primi lavori monografici e le prime edizioni critiche hanno evidenziato la necessità di una riscoperta della poliedrica produzione della poetessa romana.