bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual Trigger with Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonist and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin of Fresh Autologous Cycles in High Responders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vyrides Andreas A , Mahdi Essam El , Lamnisos Demetris , Giannakou Konstantinos
Published: January 2022

Background: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of coadministration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) trigger (dual trigger) in high responders for fresh autologous cycles in order to investigate the pregnancy outcomes and rates of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in comparison to GnRH-a trigger alone.
Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE from inception through February 2020. The included materials were case-control, cohort and, cross-sectional studies as well as clinical trials in which the outcomes of dual trigger with GnRH-a were compared for final oocyte maturation in high responders undergoing GnRH-ant cycles.
Results: Five retrospective studies were included for this review. Three of the studies showed that the use of dual trigger versus GnRH-a trigger resulted in no statistically significant difference in rates of OHSS while achieving a statistically significant difference in favor of the dual trigger group in ongoing pregnancy rates, early pregnancy loss, and fertilization rates.
Conclusion: Currently, there is insufficient evidence to support improved clinical pregnancy rate, fertilization rate, live birth rate, and early pregnancy loss rate by the use of dual trigger versus GnRH-a trigger. Larger double-blind clinical studies are required to properly evaluate the efficacy of this protocol for use in high responders.
Investigating the Effect of Crocus sativus (Saffron) Petal Hydro-alcoholic Extract on Ovarian Follicle, Inflammatory Markers, and Antioxidant Enzymes in Mice Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Moshfegh Fazeleh , Zafar Balanejad Saeedeh , Shahrokhabady Khadige , Attaranzadeh Armin
Published: January 2022

Background: Saffron petals have traditionally been used to treat a variety of diseases, such as gynecological diseases, primary dysmenorrhea, and premenstrual syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a kind of gynecological disease that causes infertility, menopausal and urogenital disorders and saffron petals seem to be an efficient treatment for such disorders.
Methods: NMRI mice (total=60, each group n=12) were divided into control, PCOS, and the treatment groups. PCOS and treatment groups were injected with testosterone enanthate (TE=1 mg/kg). After 4 weeks, the treatment group was treated with Saffron Petal Extract (SPE) for 14 days. Ovary and blood samples were collected for histological and serological analyses, and expression of NF-κB, NF-κB p65, and IκB genes was analyzed. Finally, data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05).
Results: In this study, the number of corpus luteum decreased in PCOS mice (p< 0.001) but increased with SPE treatment (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). The number of cystic follicles increased in PCOS mice (p<0.001), but decreased with SPE treatment (p<0.05, p<0.001). TNFα, IL1ß, IL6, IL18, and CRP levels increased in PCOS mice (p<0.001), but decreased following SPE treatment (p<0.05, p<0.001). Glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) serum levels decreased in PCOS mice (p<0.001), but increased with SPE treatment (p<0.05, p<0.001). The transcriptional level (s) of NF-κB, NF-κB p65, IκB genes changed in PCOS condition (p<0.001), and were regulated by SPE treatment (p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.001).
Conclusion: The present study shows that SPE improved the PCOS symptoms in mice via increasing antioxidant factors and reducing inflammatory markers in serum.
Traditional versus New: Gender equality in South Korea Higher education system
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Zakharova Elena V. , Komarova Kseniia A.
Published: January 2022

This study examined the idea of gender equality in higher education in non-Western countries using the example of South Korea. As a result of globalization, there is a conflict of traditional values and Western ideas (for example gender equality issues), even in countries with stable cultural traditions. The main purpose of this study is to identify the gender-related challenges in higher education that are relevant to Korean society. Moreover, it is important to find out the ways how Korean society meet the challenge. In order to achieve this goal, the discourse analysis was chosen in poststructuralist interpretation. The authors also use gender stereotyping analysis in advertising to assess the situation of women representation in higher education in the Republic of Korea. The reason of this analysis is the fact that in advertising there is the most common and recognizable view on representation of women in different spheres and on traditional “female” gender role which do not include the necessity of higher education and career success. The achievement of gender equality in higher education in South Korea has been an important part of public policy over the past 30 years. The article addresses issues such as accessibility of higher education for men and women, the women’s realization of their education in the labor market and the professional employment of women in higher education.
On application of the cluster approach in the implementation of the program of educational work in Higher educational institutions of technical profile
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Kozlova Natalia V.
Published: January 2022

This article describes the decision of problem connected with the realization of the program of educational work because of the federal law “About the introduction of amendments in the federal law “About the education connected with the questions about upbringing students in Russian Federation” in the educational organization of higher education of technical profile on the base of the cluster approach with the help of the introduction complex of elements of electronic information and education environment in the practice activity. This environment is a systematic methodological support of the educational process and the system of monitoring and estimation the results of educational activity of the subjects of the educational process. The methods of analyzing the individual development of students are presented, which include an assessment of the level of formation of universal competencies, as well as a mechanism for implementing an educational work program based on a cluster, according to four main blocks: institute, mentoring and tutoring (classroom teachers of secondary vocational educational institutions, mentors of student academic groups, tutors, curators (from among students)); academic disciplines of the general education cycle, elective classes, student scientific societies; structural divisions of the extracurricular direction, professional unit. The structure of the electronic resource — “Mentor / class teacher’s Personal account” is presented in detail.
New paradigms of personnel management in the concept of E. Deming as a factor of improving the quality of higher education in Russia
Authors:   Russian University of Cooperatio, Sklyarevsky Anton Yu.
Published: January 2022

Some principles of the philosophy of quality of the founder of the quality management system-the American scientist E. Deming, concerning the change of the attitude to the personnel are stated. These principles are an important factor in improving the quality of any activity, including education. The author gave an interpretation of the above principles regarding the higher education system in Russia and showed ways to improve the quality of educational activities by “humanizing” work with academic staff.
Social and Ethical problems of Vaccination against COVID-19
Authors:   A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Zorin Konstantin V.
Published: January 2022

The author analyzes the social and ethical problems associated with vaccination against COVID-19. The following research methods were used in the work: study and analysis of special literature, synthesis, modeling, comparison, generalization, observation, system analysis and theoretical knowledge. It was concluded that the violation of the basic principles of voluntariness and awareness, as well as the lack of proper control of the quality, efficacy and safety of vaccines, reduce public confidence in vaccination in general. The article contains a number of social and ethical recommendations that must be kept in mind when vaccinating the population.
Hidden Risk
Authors: Mayo Robert
Published: January 2022

Using self-reported data from banks in mainland China, I apply a technique used in forensic accounting based on Benford’s Law to detect fraudulent manipulation of non-performing loan (NPL) figures.  I find large data anomalies consistent with false reporting in mainland banks that do not appear in an identically structured survey of Hong Kong banks.  A comparison of different types of data from mainland banks shows no statistically significant anomalies in data for total deposits from customers, operating expenses, net interest income, or non-interest income.
Origins of the sweetness derived from the aging of dry wines: the role of oak triterpenoids
Authors: Marchal Axel , Waffo-Téguo Pierre , Gammacurta Marine , Prida Andréi , Dubourdieu Denis
Published: January 2022

Aging in barrel affects the sensory characteristics of wines and modifies the sweet taste in particular. Using an inductive approach, several sweet triterpenes, QTTs, have been identified in oak. Quantitative analysis has shown a significant species effect: sessile oak releases more sweet triterpenes while pedunculate oak is richer in bitter triterpenes. It is now possible to differentiate the two species on the basis of their triterpene composition.
Comparison of methods for determining budburst date in grapevine
Authors: Pellegrino Anne , Blackmore Deidre , Clingeleffer Peter , Walker Rob
Published: January 2022

Methods for determining budburst date in grapevine are poorly documented. Budburst date defined from cumulative shoots burst (or arising) and cumulative buds burst (expressed as % of total) were compared using different cultivars, pruning systems and irrigation treatments and assessed at the plant, bearer and individual bud level. The study was conducted at three sites within an Australian vineyard over two years on mechanical pruned Chardonnay and Cabernet-Sauvignon; mechanical, spur and minimally pruned Shiraz; and control, regulated and prolonged deficit irrigated Cabernet-Sauvignon. Budburst defined as ‘50 % of total shoots burst’ was more reliable than ‘50 % of buds burst’ for determining budburst date when final % budburst was low, as observed under lighter (mechanical or minimal) pruning for Shiraz. Differences in final % budburst between pruning systems and deficit irrigation treatments were related mainly to the distribution (%) of bearers according to size (based on node or bud numbers) and their specific budburst percentage at each node position. The timing of budburst based on ‘50 % of total shoots burst’ was dependent on a unique set of parameters for each cultivar, regardless of pruning treatments and irrigation levels. The new knowledge gained in this study about the impact of pruning system and irrigation treatment on % budburst and timing may be useful for adapting phenological models to Australian vineyards.
Padaczka u pacjenta z mnogimi naczyniakami jamistymi - opis przypadku
Authors:   Klinika Neurologii i Rehabilitacji Dziecięcej, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Ludwika Zamenhoffa Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Szyszko-Szwed Anna
Published: January 2022

Naczyniaki jamiste(CM) to łagodne zmiany o typie hamartoma. Rozpowszechnienie ich w populacji ogólnej waha się 0,4-0,8% i stanowi ok. 15% wszystkich wad naczyniowych. W częstości występowania szacuje się, że są drugie w kolejności po rozwojowych malformacjach żylnych. Większość ma charakter zmian pojedynczych. W badaniu tomografii komputerowej (CT) zmiany często mogą być nie widoczne, szczególnie gdy towarzyszą im świeże krwawienia. W badaniu rezonansu magnetycznego (MRI) obraz zmian nie jest charakterystyczny z powodu występowania produktów rozpadu hemosyderyny. Naczyniaki jamiste(CM) charakteryzują się dużą zmiennością w czasie. Mogą szybko się powiększać, bądź zmniejszać, rzadko pozostają bez zmian. Badacze przypuszczają, że za szybki wzrost mogą odpowiadać mikrokrwawienia i rekanalizacje po powstaniu zakrzepów. Naczyniaki jamiste w 40% przypadków są objawowe i mogą powodować występowanie bólów głowy, drgawek oraz ubytków neurologicznych. W pracy przedstawiamy przypadek niespełna 6 letniego chłopca, który po raz pierwszy trafił do Kliniki Neurologii i Rehabilitacji Dziecięcej UDSK w Białymstoku z powodu wystąpienia w 16 miesiącu życia pierwszego w życiu napadu drgawkowego o ogniskowym początku z zaburzeniami świadomości. W trakcie 5 letniej obserwacji napady padaczkowe nie powtarzały się. Utrzymano leczenie kwasem walproinowym. Mnogość i/lub lokalizacja malformacji naczyń mózgowych często uniemożliwiają podjęcie skutecznego i bezpiecznego przyczynowego leczenia zabiegowego. Napady padaczkowe u dziecka z potwierdzoną malformacją naczyń mózgowych wymagają włączenia leczenia przeciwpadaczkowego mimo dyskusyjnego związku przyczynowego napadów z anomalią.
Anticoagulants in the treatment of superficial vein thrombosis of lower limbs: possibilities and limitations
Authors: Yavelov I. S. , Kaperiz K. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2022

This article presents a critical analysis of the results of three prospective randomized controlled trials of anticoagulant use in patients with superficial vein thrombosis of lower limbs CALISTO using fondaparinux sodium, STEFLUX using different doses of parnaparin sodium, and SURPRISE comparing the effectiveness and safety of fondaparinux sodium and the preventive dose of the oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban.Evidence from these clinical trials suggests that low-dose anticoagulants should be used for at least 1.5 months in superficial vein thrombosis of lower limbs with thrombus localization beyond 3 cm from the saphenofemoral and/or saphenopopliteal junction. However, anticoagulant treatment does not appear to prevent the progression of venous thrombosis after withdrawal, so in patients with persisting risk factors, it is reasonable to consider extended treatment. This seems to apply primarily to patients with superficial thrombophlebitis a history of superficial or deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities, a family history of venous thromboembolic complications, and possibly a broader contingent of high-risk patients, not represented in the CALISTO and STEFLUX studies (with active malignancy, ongoing anticancer therapy, severe chronic heart or respiratory failure, inability to withdraw hormone replacement therapy, autoimmune disease). According to the accumulated evidence, subcutaneous injections of fondaparinux sodium, intermediate doses of low molecular weight heparin, and direct oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban in the dose of 10 mg once a day are effective and sufficiently safe in the treatment of superficial vein thrombosis of lower limbs with localization beyond 3 cm from the saphenofemoral and/or saphenopopliteal junction. Questions about the feasibility of increasing the doses of anticoagulants to further reduce the rate of superficial thrombophlebitis - progression during treatment and the optimal duration of their use remain open.
CELLULAR AUTOMATA AND THEIR GENERALIZATIONS IN CRYPTOGRAPHY. PART 2.
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Klyucharev Petr
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is an analytical review of the application of cellular automata and their generalizations in cryptography. Research method: an analysis of scientific publications on the topic of the article. Results: The review article analyzes the literature devoted to the use of cellular automata and their generalizations for the construction of cryptographic algorithms. The article consists of two parts. The first part was devoted to classical cellular automata and symmetric cryptographic algorithms based on them. It briefly discussed the history of the theory of cellular automata and its application in various scientific fields. A review of the works of a number of authors who proposed symmetric cryptographic algorithms and pseudorandom sequence generators based on one-dimensional cellular automata was presented. The security of such cryptographic algorithms turned out to be insufficient. The following was a review of articles devoted to the use of two-dimensional cellular automata for constructing ciphers (this approach gave the best results). Multidimensional cellular automata were also mentioned. This second part of the article is devoted to a review of works devoted to the use of generalized cellular automata in cryptography – on the basis of such automata, it is possible to create symmetric encryption algorithms and cryptographic hash functions that provide a high level of security and high performance in hardware implementation (for example, on FPGA), as well as having fairly low requirements for hardware resources. In addition, an attention is paid to interesting connections of generalized cellular automata, in the context of their use in cryptography, with the theory of expander graphs. Attention is also paid to the security of cryptographic algorithms based on generalized cellular automata. The works devoted to the implementation of various cryptographic algorithms based on generalized cellular automata on FPGA and GPU are mentioned. In addition, an overview of asymmetric cryptoalgorithms based on cellular automata is given. The questions about the belonging of some problems on cellular automata and their generalizations to the class of NP-complete problems, as well as to some other complexity classes, are also considered.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF ACCESS CONTROL VULNERABILITIES VIA API SPECIFICATION PROCESSING
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Barabanov Alexander , Dergunov Denis ,   Advanced Software Technology Laboratory, Huawei, Makrushin Denis ,   Chong-Ming Technology Center, Huawei, Teplov Aleksey ,   Advanced Software Technology Laboratory, Huawei
Published: January 2022

Objective. Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) or Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA) are one of the critical type of access control vulnerabilities for modern applications. As a result, an attacker can bypass authorization checks leading to information leakage, account takeover. Our main research goal was to help an application security architect to optimize security design and testing process by giving an algorithm and tool that allows to automatically analyze system API specifications and generate list of possible vulnerabilities and attack vector ready to be used as security non-functional requirements. Method. We conducted a multivocal review of research and conference papers, bug bounty program reports and other grey sources of literature to outline patterns of attacks against IDOR vulnerability. These attacks are collected in groups proceeding with further analysis common attributes between these groups and what features compose the group. Endpoint properties and attack techniques comprise a group of attacks. Mapping between group features and existing OpenAPI specifications is performed to implement a tool for automatic discovery of potentially vulnerable endpoints. Results and practical relevance. In this work, we provide systematization of IDOR/BOLA attack techniques based on literature review, real cases analysis and derive IDOR/BOLA attack groups. We proposed an approach to describe IDOR/BOLA attacks based on OpenAPI specifications properties. We develop an algorithm of potential IDOR/BOLA vulnerabilities detection based on OpenAPI specification processing. We implemented our novel algorithm using Python and evaluated it. The results show that algorithm is resilient and can be used in practice to detect potential IDOR/BOLA vulnerabilities.
SELECTING THE MOST DANGEROUS VULNERABILITIES FOR PROSPECTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Gryzunov Vitaliy , Grishecko Anna ,   Petersburg State University of Railways of Emperor Alexander I, Sipovich Dmitriy ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University
Published: January 2022

Abstract The development of information systems of critical application is ahead of changes in regulatory documents of regulators and educational programs of universities. Purpose of work: to determine the most dangerous vulnerabilities for promising information systems of critical application (IS CA). Research method: application of the analysis hierarcihes method to compile a hierarchy of alternatives, including the type of platform for a promising IS CA, aspects of information security, types of vulnerabilities. Conducting a survey of experts using a point assessment. Converting results to a matrix of pairwise comparisons. Getting local and global priorities of alternatives. Result of the study: 25 experts of different ages and with different work experience were interviewed. From the point of view of the interviewed specialists, the best type of platform for a prospective distributed information system of critical application is edge computing. Availability, authenticity and integrity are highlighted as the most important aspects of information security. The most dangerous are the vulnerabilities associated with: 1) incomplete verification of input (input) data, buffer overflow, the possibility of injections, injection of arbitrary code, cross-site scripting, injection of operating system commands, etc.; 2) identification, authentication, granting access and privilege escalation; 3) incorrect configuration of software parameters, management of system resources, access to service information. Less dangerous are vulnerabilities that use the health of hardware and reduce its resistance to the actions of technical means of reconnaissance and electronic warfare. The results can be used to prioritize the procurement of information security products, to update the regulatory framework of regulators and training programs for training information security specialists.
EVOLUTION OF CYBERSPACE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Military  Academy of Communications, Zakalkin Pavel
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study: to identify the main systems that control cyberspace and the key elements whose management will allow controlling a given segment of cyberspace. Research method: theory of complex systems; synergetic. Result: The paper considers the main control systems that play a key role in the management of cyberspace, highlights the structural elements of cyberspace and their interrelations with each other. Regional and local Internet registrars are considered, their coherence graph is presented, as well as the coherence graph by country. Based on the study, the author’s vision of the organizational structure of the cyberspace management system (in relation to domain names and IP addresses). Autonomous systems and traffic exchange points are considered, the structure of external connectivity of autonomous systems and its change over time are given on examples. The largest telecommunication alliances are presented, which have an impact on the activities of telecom operators (directly or indirectly) and, as a result, on the set of resources and services (as well as their cost) received by end users provided by telecommunication operators. Scientific novelty: the considered structure of the cyberspace management system made it possible to identify the main systems that control cyberspace and the key elements whose management will allow controlling a given segment of cyberspace.
USING MICROKERNEL VIRTUALIZATION MEANS TO ENSURE THE SECURITY OF SYSTEMS WITH MICROSERVICE ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Pacific National University, Moskvichev Anton , Dolgachev Mihail ,   Pacific National University
Published: January 2022

Purpose of the article: to increase fault tolerance, security level and simplify the process of updating systems using a micro service architecture using virtualization tools. Method: Using microkernel virtualization tools called Unikernel images. Unikernel are virtual machine images containing a single application. Each micro service of the system runs in the Unikernel image, the processes and services used are not contained in the image. The result: a definition of Unikernel is given; a comparison is made with existing virtualization systems. The mechanisms that implement the Unikernel technology are listed. The definitions of the library operating system and microkernel are given. The definition of Unikernel is given as a technology that combines library operating systems and microkernels. The main advantages of using Unikernel are listed: ensuring the security of information systems and ease of updates. A developed software tool for testing Unikernel images for the possibility of penetrating an information system in the event of a vulnerability of the “remote execution of arbitrary code” type in the software tool. The image was tested. In conclusion, the assessment of the effectiveness of the use of Unikernel technology for building systems with a micro service architecture, in particular for building SIEM systems.
Mobile Virtual Reality Versus Mobile 360° Video to Promote Enrollment in the Diabetes Prevention Program Among Hispanic Adults: Pilot Study
Authors: Gibson Bryan , Simonsen Sara , Jensen Jakob D , Yingling Leah , Schaefer Julia , Sundaresh Vishnu , Zhang Yue , Altizer Roger
Published: January 2022

Background

Hispanic adults are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes; however, the rate of enrollment is very low.

Objective

The goal of this pilot project was to determine whether presenting brief motivational mobile videos in virtual reality vs 360° video has differential effects on risk perceptions and enrollment in the DPP.

Methods

Adults with prediabetes were recruited at a clinic serving a low-income Hispanic community. After consenting, the participants completed a baseline survey that collected information about demographics and risk perceptions. All participants then viewed 2 videos. Per random assignment, the videos were presented either using the participant’s smartphone alone (360° video) or were viewed with their smartphone in a virtual reality (VR) cardboard headset. Two weeks later, a follow-up survey collected measures of enrollment in the DPP, risk perceptions, health literacy, the importance of contextual factors related to the decision of whether to enroll in the DPP (eg, distance to the class), and qualitative feedback on the interventions. We used logistic regression to determine whether enrollment in the DPP differed by intervention mode, while accounting for health literacy and contextual factors related to the DPP. We used unpaired t tests to examine differences in change in risk perceptions between groups. Paired t tests were used to examine within-subject changes in risk perceptions.

Results

A total of 116 participants provided complete data. Most participants were middle-aged (mean age 44.6 years; SD 11.9) Hispanic (114/116), female (79/116), with low health literacy (mean score 12.3/20; SD 3.4). Enrollment in the DPP was 44/116 (37.9%) overall but did not differ by group (odds ratio for enrolling in VR group 1.78, 95% CI 0.75-4.3; P=.19). Individuals who rated the distance needed to travel to attend the DPP as more important were less likely to enroll in the DPP (odds ratio 0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.92; P=.03). Risk perceptions did not differ by group (mean change in 360° video group -0.07, mean change in VR group 0.03, t=0.6, P=.54) and did not change within subjects (mean 0.02, t=0.21, P=.83). Participant feedback suggested that the videos are emotionally engaging and educational.

Conclusions

The videos presented in 360° video and mobile VR had equal efficacy in promoting enrollment in the DPP. Future work to rigorously evaluate this intervention, its mechanism of action, and potential moderators of the efficacy are discussed.
Constructing an Adapted Cascade of Diabetes Care Using Inpatient Admissions Data: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ryan Irene , Herrick Cynthia , Ebeling Mary F E , Foraker Randi
Published: January 2022

Background

The diabetes mellitus cascade of care has been constructed to evaluate diabetes care at a population level by determining the percentage of individuals diagnosed and linked to care as well as their reported glycemic control.

Objective

We sought to adapt the cascade of care to an inpatient-only setting using the electronic health record (EHR) data of 81,633 patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

In this adaptation, linkage to care was defined as prescription of diabetes medications within 3 months of discharge, and control was defined as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) below individual target levels, as these are the most reliably captured items in the inpatient setting. We applied the cascade model to assess differences in demographics and percent loss at each stage of the cascade; we then conducted two-sample chi-square equality of proportions tests for each demographic. Based on findings in the previous literature, we hypothesized that women, Black patients, younger patients (<45 years old), uninsured patients, and patients living in an economically deprived area called the Promise Zone would be disproportionately unlinked and uncontrolled. We also predicted that patients who received inpatient glycemic care would be more likely to reach glycemic control.

Results

We found that out of 81,633 patients, 28,716 (35.2%) were linked to care via medication prescription. Women and younger patients were slightly less likely to be linked to care than their male and older counterparts, while Black patients (n=19,141, 23.4% of diagnosed population vs n=6741, 23.5% of the linked population) were as proportionately part of the linked population as White patients (n=58,291, 71.4% of diagnosed population vs n=20,402, 71.0% of the linked population). Those living in underserved communities (ie, the Promise Zone) and uninsured patients were slightly overrepresented (n=6789, 8.3% of diagnosed population vs n=2773, 9.7% of the linked population) in the linked population as compared to patients living in wealthier zip codes and those who were insured. Similar patterns were observed among those more likely to reach glycemic control via HbA1c. However, conclusions are limited by the relatively large amount of missing glycemic data.

Conclusions

We conclude that inpatient EHR data do not adequately capture the care cascade as defined in the outpatient setting. In particular, missing data in this setting may preclude assessment of glycemic control. Future work should integrate inpatient and outpatient data sources to complete the picture of diabetes care.
Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Mobile Application for the Treatment of Depression in Ambulatory Care: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sarlon Jan , Doll Jessica P K , Schmassmann Aline , Brand Serge , Ferreira Naomi , Muehlhauser Markus , Urech-Meyer Stefanie , Schweinfurth Nina , Lang Undine Emmi , Bruehl Annette Beatrix
Published: January 2022

Background

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) often experience relapses despite regular treatment with pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Further, long waiting lists and more demand than treatment capacity characterize ambulatory settings. Mindfulness-based interventions proved to be effective in relapse prevention in MDD. Next, mindfulness-based interventions in the form of free mobile applications can be an effective augmentation of the treatment as usual and can fill a gap in ambulatory care.

Objective

Given this background, the aim of this randomized controlled study is to assess the effectiveness of additional MBI via a mobile app on the symptom severity and stress levels, compared to treatment as usual.

Methods

A total of 140 individuals with MDD will be randomly allocated to the intervention or control condition. The intervention consists of the daily use of the mindfulness mobile application Headspace for thirty days (up to 10 minutes a day). The control condition will be treatment as usual. At baseline and four weeks later, the following key outcome dimensions will be assessed: self-rated (Beck Depression Inventory) and experts’ rated symptoms of MDD (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale); secondary outcome variables will be blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate and changes in tobacco and alcohol consumption and medication as a proxy of perceived stress.

Results

This study was funded in February 2021 and approved by the institutional review board on April 15, 2021, and it started in May 2021. As of December 2021, we enrolled 30 participants. The findings are expected to be published in spring 2023.

Conclusions

We hypothesize that compared to the control conditions, individuals with MDD of the mobile app-condition will have both lower self- and experts’ rated symptoms of MDD and more favorable stress-related levels. While the risk for medical events is low, the immediate benefit for participants could be a decrease in symptom severity and reduction of the stress level.

Trial Registration

Clinical Trials.gov NCT05060393; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05060393.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/33423
A STUDY OF ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE OF USING TELE HEALTH SERVICES AMONG COLLEGE GOING STUDENTS OF UTTARAKHAND
Authors: Malhotra Rupa K
Published: January 2022

Tele medicine or Tele health services are available in the world before 1970. Recent surge has been observed in the tele medicine during Covid 19. It is observed that tele health services usage has increased from 11% to 70% and the satisfaction level among the patients is around 78% in US and China. As per the Press information bureau report, in India around 35000 patients use E Sanjeevni portal for tele health services. The purpose of the study is to assess the knowledge perception and attitude towards tele health services by the students because they are young generation and their adoption rate of technology and skill set in technology is very high. A questionnaire was floated through Google forms to students of various colleges in Uttarakhand primarily in the district of Dehradun, Haridwar and Nainital. Around 1000 students were targeted through their Gmail accounts and WhatsApp groups. It was found that there is lack of awareness among students about telemedicine apps and related aspects; there perception towards it is positive as they want to use it as well as willing to refer it as well. It is concluded that telehealth services can be boon for a state like Uttarakhand as the health infrastructure is poor in the state because of its geography. If the organization providing telehealth services will try to improve awareness, the willingness to adapt telehealth services will be very high.
First evidence of White-footed Deer Mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) on mainland New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Huynh Howard , McAlpine Donald , Pavey Scott
Published: January 2022

White-footed Deer Mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and the closely related, and more northerly ranging, Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) broadly overlap in distribution and are often difficult to distinguish from each other. Based on molecular genetic data (cytochrome b gene), we report two new distribution records for P. leucopus for New Brunswick, Canada, the first mainland localities for this species in the province. Previous sampling of Peromyscus in New Brunswick may have overlooked the presence of P. leucopus, possibly because the specimens collected were all assumed to be P. maniculatus. However, current detection in New Brunswick may be part of a broader recent northward range expansion documented to be underway in P. leucopus. Although our use of a single mitochondrial gene to identify P. leucopus does not eliminate the possibility that the New Brunswick specimens are of hybrid origin, our results support the presence of P. leucopus in New Brunswick and suggest more detailed analyses will be required to determine the nature of any genetic interaction between P. leucopus and P. maniculatus in the province. Recognition of morphologically cryptic Peromyscus in southern New Brunswick also emphasizes the need to incorporate comprehensive methods to ensure the correct identification of specimens of this genus in Maritime Canada. We also note the potential implications of this discovery with respect to the incidence of Lyme disease in New Brunswick.
Abundance and arboreal tendencies of slugs in forested wetlands of southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Reis Medeiros Hugo , Maunder John , Haughian Sean , Harper Karen
Published: January 2022

Non-native slugs, such as Arion, are becoming a concern for land managers in Nova Scotia, Canada, particularly in forested wetlands. They appear to have a highly diverse diet and may pose a particular risk to native slug species and to rare or at-risk lichens. We provide novel information on the distribution, abundance, arboreal tendencies, and seasonality of slugs in forested wetlands across southwestern Nova Scotia. We collected a total of 402 slugs representing seven species including two native species, Pale Mantleslug (Pallifera dorsalis) and Meadow Slug (Deroceras laeve), and five non-native Arion taxa. The three most abundantly caught taxa were Northern Dusky Arion (Arion fuscus), D. laeve, and Western Dusky Slug (Arion subfuscus). Arion fuscus and D. laeve were collected on the forest floor and on lichen-bearing trees, while A. subfuscus was collected only on the ground. All three taxa showed differences in collectability between July and September and low arboreal tendencies. We highlight that further studies are needed to better understand the biology and ecology of this largely neglected invertebrate group that seems to be dominated by non-native Arion species in the study region. Such information is crucial for conservationists and forest managers untangling the question of how non-native slugs affect native slug taxa and other groups including at-risk lichens.
Introduced earthworms (Lumbricidae) in restored and remnant tallgrass prairies of southern Ontario
Authors: Cray Heather , Gaudon Justin , Murphy Stephen
Published: January 2022

Introduced earthworms alter the trajectory and composition of plant communities, for example, through their feeding, burrowing behaviour, and interactions with seeds. High densities of several earthworm species may decrease native biodiversity and disrupt restoration efforts in tallgrass prairies. This affects efforts to conserve and restore such habitat, which is of high conservation and restoration priority in eastern North America and typically restored through seeding events. To date, Lumbricus terrestris (Lumbricidae) and other species have remained largely undocumented in tallgrass prairies. We surveyed 22 tallgrass prairie sites in southern Ontario, Canada, to document earthworm density and species. Lumbricus terrestris was found at all sites. The average density was 66 ± 91 (SD) earthworms/m2 across our sampling plots, mostly juveniles (~94%). The number of all earthworms per plot significantly increased with the number of earthworm middens in each plot (χ21 = 4.50, P = 0.034). Prairies with a large number of middens had high earthworm density, but middens alone appear to explain little variation in our data (linear mixed-effects model, marginal R2 = 0.12) meaning there are other biologically important factors that affect their density. However, we found no effects of soil pH, organic matter content, or texture on the number earthworms per plot suggesting that earthworms can invade a range of tallgrass prairie soils with pH values between 5.27 and 7.67.
The role and adequacy of disaster management unit within the South African Municipalities
Authors:   University of Limpopo, South Africa, Mamabolo Malemela Angelina , Sebola Mokoko Piet ,   University of South Africa, South Africa
Published: January 2022

This paper evaluates the role of municipalities in disaster management and its adequacy in handling the disaster management problems and challenges. It is argued in this paper that despite the existence of the National Disaster Management Centre (NDMC) within the three spheres of government, South Africa is still among countries that are at risk of wide range of natural disaster such as floods, drought, fire and manmade disasters such as misuse of technology, transitions in cultural practice and lack of awareness and information which causes damage or harm to the society at large. However, it is argued that disasters which are natural are not preventable, but disaster management strategies such as prevention, mitigation, preparedness, and response can be put in place within institutions to ensure that all citizens are able to respond to any possible disasters which may occur. The Methodology followed in this paper is qualitative in the sense that secondary sources are used to argue about the adequacy of Disaster Management Unit capacity in South African municipalities to handle disaster problems. The question that remains to be answered in this paper is: Does the Disaster Management Units as established within South African municipalities have the means to ensure planning and preparation for emergencies and protection against possible disasters which may occur in their setting. The argument in this paper is based on the assumption that disasters may happen at any time and consequently affect vulnerable rural people than those who reside within urban areas. This in essence means that South African municipalities are still faced with major challenges in addressing disaster related issues particularly in rural areas. It is also argued that municipalities struggle to put in place their disaster management plans which includes the assignment of primary and secondary responsibilities for priority disaster risks posing a threat in their municipalities. This paper, therefore, conclude that the existence of the Disaster Management Units in improving disaster management are inadequate in functions and it is recommended that possible awareness campaigns that can help rural people to respond in terms of emergencies that can lead to disasters be commenced.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF HEALTH INDICATORS OF PREMATURE CHILDREN DURING THE EARLY CHILDHOOD DEPENDING ON THE TIME OF GESTATION AT BIRTH
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Volyanyuk E.V. ,   Kazan City Children’s Hospital No. 1, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Safina A.I. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia,   Kazan City Children’s Hospital No. 1, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Vakhitov Kh.M. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Filatov V.S. ,   Kazan City Children’s Hospital No. 1, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Sharipova O.V. ,   Kazan City Children’s Hospital No. 1, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
Published: January 2022

Despite the great success in the care of premature babies in recent years, the incidence and disability of this contingent remain high. The aim of the study was to analyze the health indicators of premature babies in the first 3 years of life. Materials and methods of research: a singlecenter cohort retrospective comparative continuous study was carried out for the period from 2016/01/01 to 2020/12/31. The study included 1113 premature babies (598 boys and 515 girls) with a gestational age of 24 to 36 weeks at the age of 3 months up to 3 years. The sample size was not pre-calculated. Results: it was found that more than 50% of children with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks are at risk of developing diseases of the nervous system – 24.8% (p=0.032), the organs of sight – 1.3% (p=0.023) and the respiratory system – 27.6% (p=0.18). Conclusion: tactics of neonatal nursing and monitoring of the child after discharge from the hospital are important for improving the outcomes of morbidity in premature infants.
IMPORTANCE OF EARLY LIFE LESSONS: WHAT CAN INFANTILE COLIC TEACH THE ENTERIC AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF A CHILD
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Ukraintsev S.E. ,   Nestlé Rossiya, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyannikov D.Yu. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

This article examines some of the mechanisms underlying the long-term negative effects of infant colic (IC) on child health. Particular attention is paid to the influence of disturbances in the composition of intestinal microbiota, which underlie the formation of IC, and to the functioning of the enteric and central nervous systems. The article provides data on the possibility of effective prevention of IC, which can increase the child's chances for a healthy future.
MECHANICAL VENTILATION WITH A TARGET TIDAL VOLUME IN NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN WITH VARIOUS LUNG DISEASES AT EARLY AGES: PROTOCOL FOR PREPARATION OF THE RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT AND VENTILATIVE CONTROL
Authors:   Kaluga Oblast Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaluga, Russia, Mostovoi A.V. , Mezhinsky S.S. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Karpova A.L. ,   Kaluga Oblast Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaluga, Russia, Ovsyannikov D.Yu. ,   Institute of Medicine with the People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Gorev V.V. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Nikolishin A.N. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

One of the leading trends in modern medicine is the principle of prevention, which consists in preventing the formation of diseases and complications of therapy. The main damaging factor during respiratory support in patients with inhomogeneous lung tissue injury is tidal volume (TV). With traditional pressure controlled mechanical ventilation (PCMV), controlling the TV delivered to the child is difficult due to the variable mechanical properties of the lung tissue. PCMV algorithms with targeted TV, used in neonatology and in young children, make it possible to adjust the parameters of endotracheal respiratory support automatically. Thus, the principle of prevention is observed from inspiration to inspiration, and TV values become more constant, despite the changing respiratory mechanics. This protects the lungs from volumotrauma and ensures favorable outcomes. The purpose of this work is to review the existing recommendations on the use of dual-control modes of ventilation in newborns and young children and to present a protocol for preparing the breathing apparatus and controlling parameters when using PCMV with guaranteed TV.
BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS IN CHILDREN: MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia, Kiseleva L.G. , Pyankova M.G. ,   Perinatal Center with the Arkhangelsk Oblast Regional Clinical Hospital, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Published: January 2022

Breath-holding spells (BHS) affect 0.1 to 4.6% of children. ARSs are most often observed at the age of 6–18 months, and are associated with autonomic nervous system dysregulation, delayed myelination of the brain stem, iron deficiency anemia. The article presents information from domestic and foreign literature on the features of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, assessment and treatment of children with BHS. A search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed, e-library using the keywords: «affective-respiratory seizures», «breath-holding seizure in children». The search strategy included meta-analyzes, randomized controlled trials and clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews.