bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significant anthropogenic-induced changes of climate classes since 1950
Authors: Chan Duo , Wu Qigang
Published: August 2015

Anthropogenic forcings have contributed to global and regional warming in the last few decades and likely affected terrestrial precipitation. Here we examine changes in major Köppen climate classes from gridded observed data and their uncertainties due to internal climate variability using control simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5). About 5.7% of the global total land area has shifted toward warmer and drier climate types from 1950–2010 and significant changes include expansion of arid and high-latitude continental climate zones, shrinkage in polar and midlatitude continental climates, poleward shifts in temperate, continental and polar climates and increasing average elevation of tropical and polar climates. Using CMIP5 multi-model averaged historical simulations forced by observed anthropogenic and natural, or natural only, forcing components, we find that these changes of climate types since 1950 cannot be explained as natural variations but are driven by anthropogenic factors.
Micro/Nano-pore Network Analysis of Gas Flow in Shale Matrix
Authors: Zhang Pengwei , Hu Liming , Meegoda Jay N. , Gao Shengyan
Published: August 2015

The gas flow in shale matrix is of great research interests for optimized shale gas extraction. The gas flow in the nano-scale pore may fall in flow regimes such as viscous flow, slip flow and Knudsen diffusion. A 3-dimensional nano-scale pore network model was developed to simulate dynamic gas flow and to describe the transient properties of flow regimes. The proposed pore network model accounts for the various size distributions and low connectivity of shale pores. The pore size, pore throat size and coordination number obey normal distribution and the average values can be obtained from shale reservoir data. The gas flow regimes were simulated using an extracted pore network backbone. The numerical results show that apparent permeability is strongly dependent on pore pressure in the reservoir and pore throat size, which is overestimated by low-pressure laboratory tests. With the decrease of reservoir pressure, viscous flow is weakening, then slip flow and Knudsen diffusion are gradually becoming dominant flow regimes. The fingering phenomenon can be predicted by micro/nano-pore network for gas flow, which provides an effective way to capture heterogeneity of shale gas reservoir.
Evidence for a Finite-Temperature Insulator
Authors: Ovadia M. , Kalok D. , Tamir I. , Mitra S. , Sacépé B. , Shahar D.
Published: August 2015

In superconductors the zero-resistance current-flow is protected from dissipation at finite temperatures (T) by virtue of the short-circuit condition maintained by the electrons that remain in the condensed state. The recently suggested finite-T insulator and the “superinsulating” phase are different because any residual mechanism of conduction will eventually become dominant as the finite-T insulator sets-in. If the residual conduction is small it may be possible to observe the transition to these intriguing states. We show that the conductivity of the high magnetic-field insulator terminating superconductivity in amorphous indium-oxide exhibits an abrupt drop and seem to approach a zero conductance at T < 0.04 K. We discuss our results in the light of theories that lead to a finite-T insulator.
Microbial synthesis of Pd/Fe3O4, Au/Fe3O4 and PdAu/Fe3O4 nanocomposites for catalytic reduction of nitroaromatic compounds
Authors: Tuo Ya , Liu Guangfei , Dong Bin , Zhou Jiti , Wang Aijie , Wang Jing , Jin Ruofei , Lv Hong , Dou Zeou , Huang Wenyu
Published: August 2015

Magnetically recoverable noble metal nanoparticles are promising catalysts for chemical reactions. However, the chemical synthesis of these nanocatalysts generally causes environmental concern due to usage of toxic chemicals under extreme conditions. Here, Pd/Fe3O4, Au/Fe3O4 and PdAu/Fe3O4 nanocomposites are biosynthesized under ambient and physiological conditions by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Microbial cells firstly transform akaganeite into magnetite, which then serves as support for the further synthesis of Pd, Au and PdAu nanoparticles from respective precursor salts. Surface-bound cellular components and exopolysaccharides not only function as shape-directing agent to convert some Fe3O4 nanoparticles to nanorods, but also participate in the formation of PdAu alloy nanoparticles on magnetite. All these three kinds of magnetic nanocomposites can catalyze the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and some other nitroaromatic compounds by NaBH4. PdAu/Fe3O4 demonstrates higher catalytic activity than Pd/Fe3O4 and Au/Fe3O4. Moreover, the magnetic nanocomposites can be easily recovered through magnetic decantation after catalysis reaction. PdAu/Fe3O4 can be reused in at least eight successive cycles of 4-nitrophenol reduction. The biosynthesis approach presented here does not require harmful agents or rigorous conditions and thus provides facile and environmentally benign choice for the preparation of magnetic noble metal nanocatalysts.
A facile and low-cost micro fabrication material: flash foam
Authors: He Yong , Xiao Xiao , Wu Yan , Fu Jian-zhong
Published: August 2015

Although many microfabrication methods have been reported, the preliminary replication templates used in most microfabrication still depend on the expensive and long-period photolithography. This paper explores an alternative replication templates based on a daily used material, flash foam (FF) and proposes a facile microfabrication method, flash foam stamp lithography (FFSL). When FF is exposed with a desired pattern mask, the negative of the pattern is transferred to its surface and micro structures are formed due to the shrinkage of the exposed area. As FF is commonly used in personal stamps, FFSL is very simple and cost-effective. In this paper, we demonstrated that FF is a good and low-cost template for many micro fabrication methods, such as micro casting and soft lithography. Thus, designing and fabricating micro structures at personal office immediately become possible with FFSL. Furthermore, we demonstrated that multi-scale micro structures can be easily fabricated by double exposure with FFSL. Skin textures is used as another case to demonstrate that FFSL can fabricate structures with different depth in a single exposure. As a result, FF shows a promising future in biology and analytical chemistry, such as rapid fabrication of point of care diagnostics and microfluidic analytical devices with low cost.
Dissecting the role of distinct OCT4-SOX2 heterodimer configurations in pluripotency
Authors: Tapia Natalia , MacCarthy Caitlin , Esch Daniel , Gabriele Marthaler Adele , Tiemann Ulf , Araúzo-Bravo Marcos J. , Jauch Ralf , Cojocaru Vlad , Schöler Hans R.
Published: August 2015

The transcription factors OCT4 and SOX2 are required for generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and for maintaining embryonic stem cells (ESCs). OCT4 and SOX2 associate and bind to DNA in different configurations depending on the arrangement of their individual DNA binding elements. Here we have investigated the role of the different OCT4-SOX2-DNA assemblies in regulating and inducing pluripotency. To this end, we have generated SOX2 mutants that interfere with specific OCT4-SOX2 heterodimer configurations and assessed their ability to generate iPSCs and to rescue ESC self-renewal. Our results demonstrate that the OCT4-SOX2 configuration that dimerizes on a Hoxb1-like composite, a canonical element with juxtaposed individual binding sites, plays a more critical role in the induction and maintenance of pluripotency than any other OCT4-SOX2 configuration. Overall, the results of this study provide new insight into the protein interactions required to establish a de novo pluripotent network and to maintain a true pluripotent cell fate.
Homogeneous nucleation and microstructure evolution in million-atom molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Shibuta Yasushi , Oguchi Kanae , Takaki Tomohiro , Ohno Munekazu
Published: August 2015

Homogeneous nucleation from an undercooled iron melt is investigated by the statistical sampling of million-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations performed on a graphics processing unit (GPU). Fifty independent instances of isothermal MD calculations with one million atoms in a quasi-two-dimensional cell over a nanosecond reveal that the nucleation rate and the incubation time of nucleation as functions of temperature have characteristic shapes with a nose at the critical temperature. This indicates that thermally activated homogeneous nucleation occurs spontaneously in MD simulations without any inducing factor, whereas most previous studies have employed factors such as pressure, surface effect and continuous cooling to induce nucleation. Moreover, further calculations over ten nanoseconds capture the microstructure evolution on the order of tens of nanometers from the atomistic viewpoint and the grain growth exponent is directly estimated. Our novel approach based on the concept of “melting pots in a supercomputer” is opening a new phase in computational metallurgy with the aid of rapid advances in computational environments.
Redefining metamorphosis in spiny lobsters: molecular analysis of the phyllosoma to puerulus transition in Sagmariasus verreauxi
Authors: Ventura Tomer , Fitzgibbon Quinn P. , Battaglene Stephen C. , Elizur Abigail
Published: August 2015

The molecular understanding of crustacean metamorphosis is hindered by small sized individuals and inability to accurately define molt stages. We used the spiny lobsterSagmariasus verreauxiwhere the large, transparent larvae enable accurate tracing of the transition from a leaf-shaped phyllosoma to an intermediate larval-juvenile phase (puerulus). Transcriptomic analysis of larvae at well-defined stages prior to, during and following this transition show that the phyllosoma-puerulus metamorphic transition is accompanied by vast transcriptomic changes exceeding 25% of the transcriptome. Notably, genes previously identified as regulating metamorphosis in other crustaceans do not fluctuate during this transition but in the later, morphologically-subtle puerulus-juvenile transition, indicating that the dramatic phyllosoma-puerulus morphological shift relies on a different, yet to be identified metamorphic mechanism. We examined the change in expression of domains and gene families, with focus on several key genes. Our research implies that the separation in molecular triggering systems between the phyllosoma-puerulus and puerulus-juvenile transitions might have enabled the extension of the oceanic phase in spiny lobsters. Study of similar transitions, where metamorphosis is uncoupled from the transition into the benthic juvenile form, in other commercially important crustacean groups might show common features to point on the evolutionary advantage of this two staged regulation.
Antennal RNA-sequencing analysis reveals evolutionary aspects of chemosensory proteins in the carpenter ant, Camponotus japonicus
Authors: Hojo Masaru K. , Ishii Kenichi , Sakura Midori , Yamaguchi Katsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Ozaki Mamiko
Published: August 2015

Chemical communication is essential for the coordination of complex organisation in ant societies. Recent comparative genomic approaches have revealed that chemosensory genes are diversified in ant lineages and suggest that this diversification is crucial for social organisation. However, how such diversified genes shape the peripheral chemosensory systems remains unknown. In this study, we annotated and analysed the gene expression profiles of chemosensory proteins (CSPs), which transport lipophilic compounds toward chemosensory receptors in the carpenter ant, Camponotus japonicus. Transcriptome analysis revealed 12 CSP genes and phylogenetic analysis showed that 3 of these are lineage-specifically expanded in the clade of ants. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that, among the ant specific CSP genes, two of them (CjapCSP12 and CjapCSP13) were specifically expressed in the chemosensory organs and differentially expressed amongst ant castes. Furthermore, CjapCSP12 and CjapCSP13 had a ratio of divergence at non-synonymous and synonymous sites (dN/dS) greater than 1 and they were co-expressed with CjapCSP1, which is known to bind cuticular hydrocarbons. Our results suggested that CjapCSP12 and CjapCSP13 were functionally differentiated for ant-specific chemosensory events and that CjapCSP1, CjapCSP12 and CjapCSP13 work cooperatively in the antennal chemosensilla of worker ants.
Bifunctional enhancement of oxygen reduction reaction activity on Ag catalysts due to water activation on LaMnO3 supports in alkaline media
Authors: Park Shin-Ae , Lee Eun-Kyung , Song Hannah , Kim Yong-Tae
Published: August 2015

Ag is considered to be one of the best candidates for oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts in alkaline media for application in various electrochemical energy devices. In this study, we demonstrate that water activation is a key factor in enhancing the ORR activity in alkaline media, unlike in acid environments. Ag supported on LaMnO3 having a high oxophilicity showed a markedly higher ORR activity than that on carbon with inert surfaces. Through various electrochemical tests, it was revealed that the origin of the enhanced ORR activity of Ag/LaMnO3 is the bifunctional effect mainly due to the water activation at the interface between Ag and LaMnO3. Furthermore, the ligand effect due to the charge transfer from Mn to Ag leads to the enhancement of both oxygen activation on Ag and water activation on Mn sites and hence, an improvement in the ORR activity of Ag/LaMnO3. On the other hand, the strain effect based on the fine structure variation in the lattice was negligible. We therefore suggest that the employment of a co-catalyst or support with highly oxophilic nature and the maximization of the interface between catalyst and support should be considered in the design of electrocatalysts for the ORR in alkaline media.
In vivo reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells from teratomas share analogous properties with their in vitro counterparts
Authors: Choi Hyun Woo , Kim Jong Soo , Hong Yean Ju , Song Hyuk , Seo Han Geuk , Do Jeong Tae
Published: August 2015

Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been generated in vivo from reprogrammable mice. These in vivo iPSCs display features of totipotency, i.e., they differentiate into the trophoblast lineage, as well as all 3 germ layers. Here, we developed a new reprogrammable mouse model carrying an Oct4-GFP reporter gene to facilitate the detection of reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells. Without doxycycline administration, some of the reprogrammable mice developed aggressively growing teratomas that contained Oct4-GFP+ cells. These teratoma-derived in vivo PSCs were morphologically indistinguishable from ESCs, expressed pluripotency markers and could differentiate into tissues of all 3 germ layers. However, these in vivo reprogrammed PSCs were more similar to in vitro iPSCs than ESCs and did not contribute to the trophectoderm of the blastocysts after aggregation with 8-cell embryos. Therefore, the ability to differentiate into the trophoblast lineage might not be a unique characteristic of in vivo iPSCs.
Delocalized Surface State in Epitaxial Si(111) Film with Spontaneous √3 × √3 Superstructure
Authors: Chen Jian , Du Yi , Li Zhi , Li Wenbin , Feng Baojie , Qiu Jinlan , Cheng Peng , Xue Dou Shi , Chen Lan , Wu Kehui
Published: August 2015

The “multilayer silicene” films were grown on Ag(111), with increasing thickness above 30 monolayers (ML). Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observations suggest that the “multilayer silicene” is indeed a bulk-like Si(111) film with a (√3 × √3)R30° honeycomb superstructure on surface. The possibility for formation of Si(111)(√3 × √3)R30°-Ag reconstruction on the surface can be distinctively ruled out by peeling off the surface layer with the STM tip. On this surface, delocalized surface state as well as linear energy-momentum dispersion was observed from quasiparticle interference patterns. Our results indicate that a bulklike silicon film with diamondlike structure can also host delocalized surface state, which is even more attractive for potential applications, such as new generation of nanodevices based on Si.
Retinal synaptic regeneration via microfluidic guiding channels
Authors: Su Ping-Jung , Liu Zongbin , Zhang Kai , Han Xin , Saito Yuki , Xia Xiaojun , Yokoi Kenji , Shen Haifa , Qin Lidong
Published: August 2015

In vitro culture of dissociated retinal neurons is an important model for investigating retinal synaptic regeneration (RSR) and exploring potentials in artificial retina. Here, retinal precursor cells were cultured in a microfluidic chip with multiple arrays of microchannels in order to reconstruct the retinal neuronal synapse. The cultured retinal cells were physically connected through microchannels. Activation of electric signal transduction by the cells through the microchannels was demonstrated by administration of glycinergic factors. In addition, an image-based analytical method was used to quantify the synaptic connections and to assess the kinetics of synaptic regeneration. The rate of RSR decreased significantly below 100 μM of inhibitor glycine and then approached to a relatively constant level at higher concentrations. Furthermore, RSR was enhanced by chemical stimulation with potassium chloride. Collectively, the microfluidic synaptic regeneration chip provides a novel tool for high-throughput investigation of RSR at the cellular level and may be useful in quality control of retinal precursor cell transplantation.
Dielectric relaxation, resonance and scaling behaviors in Sr3Co2Fe24O41 hexaferrite
Authors: Tang Rujun , Jiang Chen , Qian Wenhu , Jian Jie , Zhang Xin , Wang Haiyan , Yang Hao
Published: August 2015

The dielectric properties of Z-type hexaferrite Sr3Co2Fe24O41 (SCFO) have been investigated as a function of temperature from 153 to 503 K between 1 and 2 GHz. The dielectric responses of SCFO are found to be frequency dependent and thermally activated. The relaxation-type dielectric behavior is observed to be dominating in the low frequency region and resonance-type dielectric behavior is found to be dominating above 108 Hz. This frequency dependence of dielectric behavior is explained by the damped harmonic oscillator model with temperature dependent coefficients. The imaginary part of impedance (Z″) and modulus (M″) spectra show that there is a distribution of relaxation times. The scaling behaviors of Z″ and M″ spectra further suggest that the distribution of relaxation times is temperature independent at low frequencies. The dielectric loss spectra at different temperatures have not shown a scaling behavior above 108 Hz. A comparison between the Z″ and the M″ spectra indicates that the short-range charges motion dominates at low temperatures and the long-range charges motion dominates at high temperatures. The above results indicate that the dielectric dispersion mechanism in SCFO is temperature independent at low frequencies and temperature dependent at high frequencies due to the domination of resonance behavior.
Sources of Pharmaceutical Residues in the Environment and their Control
Authors: Caldwell Daniel J.
Published: August 2015

Pharmaceuticals and over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are detected in the environment in trace quantities, most at less than one part-per-billion (i.e. <1 µg/l). There are three main pathways by which active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) can reach the environment. The vast majority of APIs found in water systems are a result of normal patient and consumer use and excretion into sewer and wastewater treatment systems. A second pathway is improper disposal of unused or expired medicines by consumers who flush them down toilets or pour them into drains. The third pathway is through wastewater discharged from API manufacturing sites. There are several other minor pathways, such as landfill leachate or hospital discharges, that may also present localised sources of API introduction to the environment. Given the widespread consumption of pharmaceuticals in developed countries, it is likely that pharmaceutical residues are present in the wastewater of virtually all households where the occupants are using such products as medicines. The contribution of pharmaceutical manufacturing activities to the levels of APIs in the environment is low when compared with the amount excreted by patients consuming the drugs. However, manufacturing losses are one area that can be controlled by manufacturers. The extent of improper disposal of unused medicines is currently unknown. What is known is that flushing them into sewage and wastewater treatment systems can have a significant impact on the API load entering the treatment plant and the concentrations discharged in the effluent. Given the demonstrated presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment, coupled with their high profile, it is not surprising that they have attracted a disproportionate amount of attention. While concerns are understandable, one should not lose sight of the fact that there are many other chemical species reaching the environment and that APIs represent just one subset of multiple emerging pollutants.
Pharmaceutical Residues in Sewage Treatment Works and their Fate in the Receiving Environment
Authors: Voulvoulis Nick , Barceló Damia , Verlicchi Paola
Published: August 2015

Pharmaceuticals are increasingly used in large amounts in human (and veterinary) medicine around the world. They reach the aquatic environment mainly through sewage treatment systems and can reach μg l−1 levels. The continual input of pharmaceuticals to the aquatic environment, via sewage, can also impart a persistent quality to compounds that otherwise possess no inherent environmental stability. While the literature contains increasing numbers of studies detailing fate, effects and behaviour in the environment, the subject is still not fully understood for all the different therapeutic classes. The toxicological significance for non-target (especially aquatic) organisms is poorly understood. The use/release of antibiotics and natural/synthetic steroids to the environment has generated most of the concern to date, but a plethora of other drugs are increasingly attracting attention, as their biological activity alone may support ecotoxicity assessments of those compounds with high production volumes (or toxicity), especially in view of the increasing importance of freshwater resources. Pharmaceuticals display a variety of removal efficiencies during wastewater treatment and their fate and behaviour are not determined by their physicochemical properties alone. Despite the fact that many drugs have high sorption potentials, partitioning to the solid phase was determined to be an unlikely removal pathway for the majority of compounds. The partitioning behaviour of these compounds both in sewage treatment and the aquatic environment is likely to be dictated by a number of physicochemical parameters. Findings also indicate that the costs of using tertiary treatment options (mainly based on drinking water treatment) to remove drugs from wastewater effluent are likely to be prohibitively expensive, and potentially undesirable, due sustainability implications. While adjusting existing treatment parameters may increase the removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals, any changes to sewage treatment parameters would need to be offset against the economic and environmental costs. Likewise, any regulations on drug use must be balanced against health benefits. If receiving waters are used for potable supplies, the presence of these compounds may (although it is unlikely) represent a potential hazard to human health, especially in areas without advanced water treatment. The focus for future research should therefore be on proper and sufficient science for establishing the occurrence, exposure and effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment, so that sound decisions can be made regarding human and ecological health.
Exosomes: improved methods to characterize their morphology, RNA content, and surface protein biomarkers
Authors: Wu Yueting , Deng Wentao , Klinke II David J.
Published: August 2015

Understanding exosomes as modes of intercellular communication.
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2′ bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) using common biological buffers as co-reactant, pH buffer and supporting electrolyte
Authors: Kebede Noah , Francis Paul S. , Barbante Gregory J. , Hogan Conor F.
Published: August 2015

A series of aliphatic tertiary amines commonly used to buffer the pH in biological experiments, were examined as alternative, non-toxic co-reactants for electrogenerated chemiluminescence.
Ionogel fibres of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion-based ionic liquids for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of chlorinated organic pollutants
Authors: Pena-Pereira F. , Marcinkowski Ł. , Kloskowski A. , Namieśnik J.
Published: August 2015

A procedure for the immobilization of different ionic liquids on a SPME fibre was developed and optimized. A hybrid sorbent was successfully applied for the isolation of chlorinated organics from water samples.
Detection of kanamycin by using an aptamer-based biosensor using silica nanoparticles
Authors: Khabbaz Ladan Saadat , Hassanzadeh-Khayyat Mohammad , Zaree Pouya , Ramezani Mohammad , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad
Published: August 2015

A fluorescent aptasensor system has been designed for the sensitive detection of kanamycin based on silica nanoparticles (SNPs) coated with streptavidin.
Composite biopolymers for bone regeneration enhancement in bony defects
Authors: Jahan K. , Tabrizian M.
Published: August 2015

For the past century, various biomaterials have been used in the treatment of bone defects and fractures.
Nano-mole scale sequential signal assignment by 1H-detected protein solid-state NMR
Authors: Wang Songlin , Parthasarathy Sudhakar , Xiao Yiling , Nishiyama Yusuke , Long Fei , Matsuda Isamu , Endo Yuki , Nemoto Takahiro , Yamauchi Kazuo , Asakura Tetsuo , Takeda Mitsuhiro , Terauchi Tsutomu , Kainosho Masatsune , Ishii Yoshitaka
Published: August 2015

We present a 3D 1H-detected solid-state NMR (SSNMR) approach for main-chain signal assignments of 10–100 nmol of fully protonated proteins.
Coverage-driven dissociation of azobenzene on Cu(111): a route towards defined surface functionalization
Authors: Willenbockel Martin , Maurer Reinhard J. , Bronner Christopher , Schulze Michael , Stadtmüller Benjamin , Soubatch Serguei , Tegeder Petra , Reuter Karsten , Stefan Tautz F.
Published: August 2015

Adsorption on Cu(111) induces catalyzed dissociation of azobenzene resulting in highly structured phenyl nitrene monolayer.
Chiral bicyclic NHC/Ir complexes for catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiro , Kamimura Takumi , Kuwabara Hiroshi , Yanagisawa Akira
Published: August 2015

A diverse series of chiral bicyclic NHC/Ir complexes were prepared via a previously developed divergent synthesis of chiral imidazolium salts.
Electrochemical detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus-related SNP via DNA-mediated growth of silver nanoparticles on single walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Tao Jia , Zhao Peng , Zheng Jing , Wu Cuichen , Shi Muling , Li Jishan , Li Yinhui , Yang Ronghua
Published: August 2015

In this communication, we proposed an electrochemical sensing strategy for T2DM-related SNP detection via DNA-mediated AgNP growth on a SWCNT-modified electrode.
Direct gem-difluoromethylenation of sp3-hybridized carbon center through copper-mediated radical/radical cross-coupling for the construction of a CH2–CF2 linkage
Authors: Jiang Haizhen , Xu Minjun , Lu Wenjun , Tian Wenfeng , Wan Wen , Chen Yunrong , Deng Hongmei , Wu Shaoxiong , Hao Jian
Published: August 2015

An efficient gem-difluoromethylenation of benzyl bromides through copper-mediated direct radical/radical C–C cross-coupling has been developed for the construction of CH2–CF2 linkage.
Discovery and functional analysis of a 4th electron-transferring tryptophan conserved exclusively in animal cryptochromes and (6-4) photolyases
Authors: Müller Pavel , Yamamoto Junpei , Martin Ryan , Iwai Shigenori , Brettel Klaus
Published: August 2015

A previously ignored 4th tryptophan is involved in light-induced electron transfer in animal cryptochromes and (6-4) photolyases. Its presence leads to a much longer-lived FAD˙− TrpH˙+ radical pair than in other related proteins. Consequences for animal magnetoreception are discussed.
Controlling energy transfer in ytterbium complexes: oxygen dependent lanthanide luminescence and singlet oxygen formation
Authors: Watkis Andrew , Hueting Rebekka , Sørensen Thomas Just , Tropiano Manuel , Faulkner Stephen
Published: August 2015

Pyrene-appended ytterbium complexes have been prepared using Ugi reactions to vary the chromophore–lanthanide separation. Energy transfer from the chromophore triplet is relatively slow, and gives rise to oxygen-dependent luminescence.
Isoxazolone-based single crystals with large second harmonic generation effect
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Jiang Xingxing , Li Yin , Lin Zheshuai , Zhang Guochun , Wu Yicheng
Published: August 2015

Two isoxazolone-based nonlinear crystals exhibit large SHG responses about 2.8 and 1.5 times that of OH1.
Controllable synthesis of rutile titania with novel curved surfaces
Authors: Wu Hanglong , Li Hengbo , Li Jun , Lu Bin , Yang Yueke , Yuan Wentao , Wang Yong , Zhang Ze
Published: August 2015

We report a facile organic-free hydrothermal strategy to fabricate rutile TiO2 single crystals with a new type of curved surfaces which consist of high-energy-facet-bound nanohills rather than quasi-continuous miller-index microfacets.
Assessing backbone solvation effects in the conformational propensities of amino acid residues in unfolded peptides
Authors: Ilawe Niranjan V. , Raeber Alexandra E. , Schweitzer-Stenner Reinhard , Toal Siobhan E. , Wong Bryan M.
Published: August 2015

Large energetic contributions to the stabilization of polyproline II result from peptide–water, water–water interactions, and changes of the solvent self-energy.
Phonon anomalies predict superconducting Tcfor AlB2-type structures
Authors: Alarco Jose A. , Talbot Peter C. , Mackinnon Ian D. R.
Published: August 2015

The phonon anomaly,δ, calculated byab initioDFT methods, indicates presence of superconductivity in Mg0.5Ba0.5B2and other AlB2-type structures.
TEMPO-mediated oxidized winter melon-based carbonaceous aerogel as an ultralight 3D support for enhanced photodegradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Miao Miao , Wang Gangling , Cao Shaomei , Feng Xin , Fang Jianhui , Shi Liyi
Published: August 2015

BiOBr decorated 3D ultralight carbonaceous aerogel provides an efficient platform to strengthen photodegradation of organic pollutants.
Doping of TiO2for sensitized solar cells
Authors: Roose Bart , Pathak Sandeep , Steiner Ullrich
Published: August 2015

This review provides a comprehensive overview of TiO2doping, which is often used to improve the performance of dye sensitized solar cells.
Mesoporous Ni/Ce1−xNixO2−yheterostructure as an efficient catalyst for converting greenhouse gas to H2and syngas
Authors: Deng Jie , Chu Wei , Wang Bo , Yang Wen , Zhao X. S.
Published: August 2015

A heterostructure of highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles in pore channels of Ni–CeO2solid solution, having excellent thermo-stability, redox properties, and metal/support synergy, is identified as an efficient nanocatalyst for converting greenhouse gas into H2energy and syngas.
Self-assembled copper(ii) metallacycles derived from asymmetric Schiff base ligands: efficient hosts for ADP/ATP in phosphate buffer
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pandey Rampal , Kumar Ashish , Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Dubey Mrigendra , Mohammed Akbar , Mobin Shaikh M. , Pandey Daya Shankar
Published: August 2015

Tetranuclear supramolecular copper(ii) complexes derived from asymmetric Schiff bases have been synthesized, characterized and demonstrated as size selective hosts for ADP/ATP.
Postfunctionalization of polyoxometalates: an efficient strategy to construct organic–inorganic zwitterions
Authors: Lv Chunlin , Hu Junjie , Khan Rao Naumaan Nasim , Zhang Jin , Wei Yongge
Published: August 2015

A class of monoorganoimido-substituted hexamolybdates containing a pyridine group have been firstly synthesized. Furthermore, a reaction protocol of alkylation based on the resulting pyridine-functionalized hexamolybdates has been developed, with which a type of zwitterionic clusters has been successfully obtained.
Emerging cool white light emission from Dy3+ doped single phase alkaline earth niobate phosphors for indoor lighting applications
Authors: Vishwakarma Amit K. , Jha Kaushal , Jayasimhadri M. , Sivaiah B. , Gahtori Bhasker , Haranath D.
Published: August 2015

Single-phase cool white-light emitting BaNb2O6:Dy3+ phosphors have been synthesized and their structural, luminescence and colorimetric properties have been investigated in detail.
Polymer-based microfluidic chip for rapid and efficient immunomagnetic capture and release of Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Malic L. , Zhang X. , Brassard D. , Clime L. , Daoud J. , Luebbert C. , Barrere V. , Boutin A. , Bidawid S. , Farber J. , Corneau N. , Veres T.
Published: August 2015

A 3D magnetic trap is integrated on a polymeric microfluidic device using rapid low-cost fabrication. The device is used for efficient magnetic capture and release of bacteria conjugated to immunomagnetic nanoparticles.
Supramolecular, prodrug-based micelles with enzyme-regulated release behavior for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Li Yongyong , Chen Yuqin , Dong Haiqing , Dong Chunyan
Published: August 2015

Supramolecular, prodrug-based micelles (SMPMs) with enzyme-induced drug release behavior were engineeredviahost–guest interaction of camptothecin carrying PCL and α-cyclodextrin.
Exploring the high k dielectric behavior of bio-carbon reinforced cyanate ester nanocomposites
Authors: Pichaimani Prabunathan , Krishnan Srinivasan , Arumugam Hariharan , Muthukaruppan Alagar
Published: August 2015

Functionalized bio-carbon from rice husks is obtained and used to reinforce a cyanate ester matrix to achieve high k dielectric embedded capacitors.
The synthesis of shape-controlled α-MoO3/graphene nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Jinhua , Song Juan , Li Huihua , Feng Xiaomiao , Huang Zhendong , Chen Shufen , Ma Yanwen , Wang Lianhui , Yan Xiaohong
Published: August 2015

Novel nanoflake-like α-MoO3/graphene nanocomposites were synthesized and exhibited a high specific capacitance of up to 360 F g−1 and excellent long term cycle stability.
Rhodamine-based field-induced single molecule magnets in Yb(iii) and Dy(iii) series
Authors: Huang Wei , Xu Jun , Wu Dayu , Huang Xingcai , Jiang Jun
Published: August 2015

Dye-based rhodamine derivatives have been utilized for the isolation of mononuclear lanthanide compounds characteristic of field-induced single molecule magnets.
Hot off the press
Authors: Hill Robert A. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: August 2015

A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as sigillin A from Ceratophysella sigillata.
Bu4NI-catalyzed direct α-oxyacylation of diarylethanones with acyl peroxides
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Cheng Jiang , Yu Jin-Tao
Published: August 2015

The Bu4NI catalyzed α-oxyacylation of diarylethanones with acyl peroxides is developed leading to α-oxyacylated diarylethanones in moderate to good yields.
Novel lanthanide–polymer complexes for dye-free dual modal probes for MRI and fluorescence imaging
Authors: Cao Fangyi , Huang Tongcun , Wang Yifei , Liu Fei , Chen Lumin , Ling Jun , Sun Jihong
Published: August 2015

High-resolution imaging is a powerful technique in theranostics and staging of tumors.
Spent tyre valorisation: new polymer modified asphalts for steel protection in an aggressive marine environment
Authors: Echeverría M. , Abreu C. M. , Echeverría C. A.
Published: August 2015

Waste tyres valorisation is a topic in the limelight since environmental concerns have promoted a better use of this raw material in the development of novel coatings for corrosion protection.
Salicylideneanilines encapsulated mesoporous silica functionalized gold nanoparticles: a low temperature calibrated fluorescent thermometer
Authors: Wu Jian , Cheng Qingmei , Zhou Wei , Wei Zhihong , Yang Jinglei
Published: August 2015

A novel temperature responsive fluorescent sensor, encapsulated in the nanochannels of mesoporous silica functionalized with gold nanoparticles, was synthesized and studied for potential applications in cryogenic bio-detection and therapy fields.
Improvement of the resistance performance of carbon/cyanate ester composites during vacuum electron radiation by reduced graphene oxide modified TiO2
Authors: Peng Dequn , Qin Wei , Wu Xiaohong , wu Jinzhu , Pan Yangyang
Published: August 2015

Electron irradiation in outer space causes severe damage to the polymer materials of spacecrafts. An effective approach to prevent such damage is to incorporate rGO–TiO2 nanoparticles into the polymeric materials.
Application and experimental study of Cyclic Foam Stimulation
Authors: Zhang Jiaming , Wu Xiaodong , Chen Zhangxin , Han Guoqing , Wang Jingyao , Ren Zongxiao , Zhang Kai
Published: August 2015

An application of Cyclic Foam Stimulation, which significantly enhances productivity, is introduced. Experimental apparatus for Cyclic Foam Stimulation, which includes a wellbore vessel and a reservoir vessel, was designed.
Removal of potentially toxic metals from soil by para-sulphonato-thiacalix[4]arene: competitive extraction and selectivity sequence
Authors: Li Yushuang , Hu Xiaojun , Song Xueying , Hou Yongxia , Guo Qian
Published: August 2015

PTMs extraction capacity and selectivity mechanism of STC[4]A were investigated by the determination of log K and the metal speciation.
Selective colorimetric sensing of Co2+ and Cu2+ using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol derivative immobilized polyvinyl alcohol microspheres
Authors: Bai Xue , Li Yulong , Gu Haixin , Hua Zulin
Published: August 2015

A novel optical sensor was proposed. The sensor can be used to monitor Co2+ and Cu2+ ions.
Controlling the aggregation of sodium dodecylsulphate in aqueous poly(ethylene glycol) solutions
Authors: Dey J. , Sultana N. , Kumar S. , Aswal V. K. , Choudhury S. , Ismail K.
Published: August 2015

The role of PEG's of different molecular weights on the self-assembly of SDS and the role of added NaCl has been addressed opening new scopes for further studies.
Insight into the catalytic properties and applications of metal–organic frameworks in the cyanosilylation of aldehydes
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Chen Jingwen , Bao Zongbi , Chang Ganggang , Xing Huabin , Ren Qilong
Published: August 2015

This paper presents a systematic investigation of the cyanosilylation of aldehydes with TMSCN by using several MOFs as catalysts.
Dispersive graphene-based silica coated magnetic nanoparticles as a new adsorbent for preconcentration of chlorinated pesticides from environmental water
Authors: Nodeh Hamid Rashidi , Wan Ibrahim Wan Aini , Kamboh Muhammad Afzal , Sanagi Mohd Marsin
Published: August 2015

The present study describes the synthesis, characterization and application of new graphene-based silica coated magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2–G) for the simultaneous preconcentration of four chlorinated pesticides from contaminated water.
Design of chiral urea-quaternary ammonium salt hybrid catalysts for asymmetric reactions of glycine Schiff bases
Authors: Tiffner Maximilian , Novacek Johanna , Busillo Alfonso , Gratzer Katharina , Massa Antonio , Waser Mario
Published: August 2015

Bifunctional chiral urea-containing quaternary ammonium salts can be straightforwardly synthesised and systematically fine-tuned for asymmetric reactions of glycine Schiff bases.
Rapid growth of a large size, highly deuterated DKDP crystal and its efficient noncritical phase matching fourth-harmonic-generation of a Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Zhang Lisong , Zhang Fang , Xu Mingxia , Wang Zhengping , Sun Xun
Published: August 2015

Large size DKDP crystal with high and homogenous deuterium content contributes to efficient noncritical phase matching FHG of ND:YAG laser.
Effect of cellulose solubility on the thermal and mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose/graphene nanocomposites based on ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazoliun chloride
Authors: Zhang Tongping , Liu Xiaoting , Jiang Min , Duan Yongxin , Zhang Jianming
Published: August 2015

A small amount of IRGO sheets can largely decelerate the dissolution of cellulose in AmimCl, and the mechanical properties of the regenerated cellulose/graphene nanocomposites materials can be tuned by the dissolution time.
Nitrogen-enriched hierarchical porous carbon with enhanced performance in supercapacitors and lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yu Xiaoliang , Zhao Jianfeng , Lv Ruitao , Liang Qinghua , Bai Yu , Huang Zheng-Hong , Shen Wanci , Kang Feiyu
Published: August 2015

Nitrogen-enriched hierarchical porous carbon was prepared and showed excellent electrochemical performance in supercapacitors and lithium–sulfur batteries.
Design, synthesis and antifungal activity of carboxylic acid amide fungicides: part 2: substituted 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethylamino valinamide carbamates
Authors: Wang Zhi-Peng , Kou Jun-Jie , Gao Yang , Du Xiu-Jiang , Li Yong-Hong , Zhao Wei-Guang
Published: August 2015

Most of the “stretched” valinamide carbamate analogues had higher anti-oomycetic potency than dimethomorph. The field trial showed that 8b is a promising candidate for future development.
Bio-inspired self-assembled molecular capsules
Authors: Satha Pardhasaradhi , Illa Giriteja , Ghosh Arindam , Purohit Chandra Shekhar
Published: August 2015

Bowl shaped molecules are useful for making molecular capsules with suitable non-covalent bonds. We appended cyclotriguaiacylene with biologically important adenine and thymine to make capsule in solution by hydrogen bonding.
Insights on the Petasis Borono–Mannich multicomponent reaction mechanism
Authors: Souza Roberto Y. , Bataglion Giovana A. , Ferreira Davi A. C. , Gatto Claudia C. , Eberlin Marcos N. , Neto Brenno A. D.
Published: August 2015

The Petasis Borono–Mannich reaction: a joint theoretical and experimental.
Kinetic resolution of 2-substituted-2,3-dihydrofurans by a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Heck reaction
Authors: Li Hao , Wan Shi-Li , Ding Chang-Hua , Xu Bin , Hou Xue-Long
Published: August 2015

The kinetic resolution of 2-substituted-dihydrofurans via a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Heck reaction was realized for the first time.
Connecting electrodes with light: one wire, many electrodes
Authors: Choudhury Moinul H. , Ciampi Simone , Yang Ying , Tavallaie Roya , Zhu Ying , Zarei Leila , Gonçales Vinicius R. , Gooding J. Justin
Published: August 2015

The requirement of a wire to each electrode is central to the design of any electronic device but can also be a major restriction. Herein it is shown how electrodes can be connected using light such that a multielectrode device requires only a single physical wire.
Correction: Characterizing chain processes in visible light photoredox catalysis
Authors: Cismesia Megan A. , Yoon Tehshik P.
Published: August 2015

Correction for ‘Characterizing chain processes in visible light photoredox catalysis’ by Megan A. Cismesia et al., Chem. Sci., 2015, DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02185e.
A global view of the phase transitions of SnO2 in rechargeable batteries based on results of high throughput calculations
Authors: Cheng Yingchun , Nie Anmin , Gan Li-Yong , Zhang Qingyun , Schwingenschlögl Udo
Published: August 2015

The Materials Project database of high throughput first principles calculations is used to investigate the phase transitions of SnO2 during ion intercalation and extraction.
Electrodeposition of high-capacitance 3D CoS/graphene nanosheets on nickel foam for high-performance aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Shi Jianhang , Li Xiangcun , He Gaohong , Zhang Le , Li Mo
Published: August 2015

A novel two-step electrodeposition method is presented to fabricate a high-performance CoS/graphene hybrid network with a nanosheet structure on Ni foam.
Hydrothermal synthesis of a MnOOH/three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide composite and its electrochemical properties for supercapacitors
Authors: Sun Shumin , Wang Shen , Xia Tongchi , Li Xiaofeng , Jin Qingxian , Wu Qiong , Wang Lizhen , Wei Zhenhua , Wang Peiyuan
Published: August 2015

MnOOH/3D-rGO shows excellent electrochemical performance because of the 3D interpenetrating microstructure of rGO and the nanoneedle structure of MnOOH.
Structural investigation of co-evaporated methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite films during growth and thermal decomposition using different PbX2 (X = I, Cl) precursors
Authors: Borchert Juliane , Boht Heidi , Fränzel Wolfgang , Csuk René , Scheer Roland , Pistor Paul
Published: August 2015

Here we present a detailed structural analysis of methylammonium lead halide (I, Cl) films by in situ X-ray diffraction during their growth and thermal recrystallization up to their decomposition.
Benzothiadiazole based conjugated polymers for high performance polymer solar cells
Authors: Gong Xue , Li Guangwu , Li Cuihong , Zhang Jicheng , Bo Zhishan
Published: August 2015

New benzothiadiazole based conjugated polymers have been synthesized as donor materials for high efficiency polymer solar cells with a thick active layer.
Sodiated carbon: a reversible anode for sodium–oxygen batteries and route for the chemical synthesis of sodium superoxide (NaO2)
Authors: Bender Conrad L. , Jache Birte , Adelhelm Philipp , Janek Jürgen
Published: August 2015

The use of alkali metals as anodes in metal–air batteries leads to side effects like dendrite formation. Using sodiated carbon we improve cycling performance. We further synthesized sodium superoxide (NaO2) by exposing sodiated carbon to oxygen.
Flexible BaTiO3/PVDF gradated multilayer nanocomposite film with enhanced dielectric strength and high energy density
Authors: Hao Y. N. , Wang X. H. , O'Brien S. , Lombardi J. , Li L. T.
Published: August 2015

BaTiO3/PVDF nanocomposite films with high flexibility and gradated BaTiO3 distribution structure are fabricated. These films show high dielectric constants of 20–25, a maximal discharged energy density value of 19.37 J cm−3 and dielectric breakdown strengths of up to 495 kV mm−1.
Solution-based Ag-doped ZnSe thin films with tunable electrical and optical properties
Authors: Xi Yang , Bouanani Lidia El , Xu Zhe , Quevedo-Lopez Manuel A. , Minary-Jolandan Majid
Published: August 2015

Thin film transistors fabricated using ZnSe thin films synthesized using chemical bath deposition.
Supramolecular polymeric micelles as high performance electrochemical materials
Authors: Cheng Chih-Chia , Chang Feng-Chih , Ko Fu-Hsiang , Yu Feng-Chun , Lin Yen-Ting , Shieh Yeong-Tarng , Chen Jem-Kun , Lee Duu-Jong
Published: August 2015

Core–shell supramolecular micelles exhibit excellent memory performances, providing a potential route towards next-generation energy storage/memory materials.
Fabrication of thermoelectric materials – thermal stability and repeatability of achieved efficiencies
Authors: Aminorroaya Yamini S. , Brewis M. , Byrnes J. , Santos R. , Manettas A. , Pei Y. Z.
Published: August 2015

Thermoelectric properties of metastable metal chalcogenides degrade with thermal cycling.