bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinct maternofetal immune signatures delineate preterm birth onset following urinary tract infection
Authors: Ottinger Samantha , Larson Addison B. , Mercado-Evans Vicki , Branthoover Holly , Zulk Jacob J. , Serchejian Camille , Mejia Marlyd E. , Hameed Zainab A. , Walde Ryan , Fleck Rachel C. , Shea Allyson E. , Patras Kathryn A.
Published: October 2024

Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant mortality resulting in over one million neonatal deaths annually. Maternal urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy increases risk for preterm birth; however, biological processes mediating UTI-associated preterm birth are not well-described. We established a murine maternal UTI model in which challenge with uropathogenicE. coliresulted in preterm birth in about half of dams. Dams experiencing preterm birth displayed excessive bladder inflammation and altered uteroplacental T cell polarization compared to non-laboring infected dams, with no differences in bacterial burdens. Additional factors associated with preterm birth included higher proportions of male fetuses and lower maternal serum IL-10. Furthermore, exogenous maternal IL-10 treatment absolved UTI-associated preterm birth but contributed to fetal growth restriction in this model. Using urine samples from a cohort of human pregnancies with or without UTI, we correlated urinary cytokines with birth outcomes and urine culture status. These analyses yielded a non-invasive, highly predictive three-model system for evaluating preterm birth risk implicating cytokines IL-10, IL-15, IL-1β, and IL-1RA. Our unique bimodal murine model coupled with patient samples provides a platform to investigate immunological and microbial factors governing UTI-associated preterm birth, revealing novel therapeutic opportunities to predict or prevent preterm birth.
Antibody Profiles Elicited by Potent and Subpotent Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Mice
Authors: Adewunmi Yetunde , Doering Jennifer , Kumar Prashant , Pablo Jozelyn V. , Teng Andy A. , Huynh Vu , Secrist Kathryn , Volkin David B. , Joshi Sangeeta B. , Campo Joseph J. , Mantis Nicholas J.
Published: October 2024

Inactivated, whole cell pertussis (wP) vaccines remain at the frontline in the global fight against the resurgence of whooping cough, especially in low- and middle-income countries. However, the reliance on the intracerebral mouse potency test (ic-MPT or Kendrick assay) as the standard batch release assay is challenging for the production of commercial wP vaccines. The ic-MPT is technically challenging, labor intensive and, arguably, incongruous with modern animal welfare guidelines. Replacing the ic-MPT with a whole cellBordetella pertussisELISA, the so-called pertussis serology potency test (PSPT), has shown promise, but has been difficult to implement in practice. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that potent and subpotent wP vaccines have distinct serologic profiles in mice that could be developed as a substitute for the ic-MPT. We first established an accelerated decay (thermal stress) protocol in which wP, in the context of DTwP, was rendered>10-fold less effective than unstressed vaccine when evaluated in a mouse model ofB. pertussislung clearance following intranasal challenge. We then screened immune sera on a limitedB. pertussisTahoma I proteome array and identified >30 antigens whose antibody reactivity profiles increased, decreased or were unchanged as a function of wP potency. Interestingly, virtually all the “indicator” antigens identified are known virulence factors or reactive with human convalescent sera, thereby establishing a potential link between wP potency and pertussis infection and immunity. These results bode well for the development of a limitedB. pertussisantigen array as a stability-indicating surrogate potency assay for the ic-MPT.
Baicalein ameliorates experimental ulcerative colitis recurrency by downregulating neonatal Fc receptor via the NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Haoyang , Lu Fuliang , Guan Xudong , Jiang Xuehua , Wen Chengming , Wang Ling
Published: October 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic autoimmune disease (AID) that causes mild to moderate, unpredictable symptoms, including diarrhea and abdominal pain. Against neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) has been proven a unique AID treatment strategy by decreasing the effects of pathogenic autoantibody. Our previous study revealed that FcRn inhibition is beneficial in UC treatment through reducing colonic neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation via accelerating serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) clearance. In this study, we initially confirmed the specific impact of downregulating FcRn in preventing UC relapse by injecting rAAV, that carrying Fcgrt-shRNA, in mice. Next, we investigated the inhibition effects and regulation mechanisms of baicalein (BCL) on FcRn and assessed its capacity to withstand UC recurrence using NCM460 cells and dextran sodium sulfate-induced mice models by determining the expression of FcRn and its related transcription factors. We also measured colonic NET-associated protein (NAP) expression and serum concentrations of IgG, ANCA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and c-reactive protein (CRP). UC inflammation severity was determined using the disease activity index (DAI) and histopathological score (HS). BCL treatment remarkably decreased the mRNA and protein contents of FcRn, p50, and p65 but did not impact STAT1 expression and the phosphorylation of IκB and STAT1. Long-term BCL administration inhibited colonic FcRn expression and reduced serum ANCA levels, colonic NAPs expression, serum inflammation-related indexes (including TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP), DAI, and HS scores in UC mice during inflammation relapse better than salazosulfapyridine. Our study indicates that BCL ameliorates UC recurrency by inhibiting FcRn expression via p50/p65 heterodimer-mediated NF-κB signaling.

Chemical compounds

Chemical compounds studied in this article were listed below:

Baicalein (PubChem CID: 5281605); Salazosulfapyridine (PubChem CID: 5339).
Iron and redox sensing in plants: properties of the hemerythrin-like domains of Arabidopsis BRUTUS and BRUTUS-LIKE2 proteins
Authors: Pullin Jacob , Rodríguez-Celma Jorge , Franceschetti Marina , Mundy Julia E A , Svistunenko Dimitri A , Bradley Justin M , Le Brun Nick E , Balk Janneke
Published: October 2024

Iron uptake in plants is negatively regulated by a unique subfamily of ubiquitin E3 ligases, exemplified byArabidopsis thalianaBRUTUS (BTS). These large proteins are comprised of an usual triple hemerythrin (Hr)-like domain at the N-terminus and a RING-type E3 ligase at the C-terminus. Physiological studies point to the highly conserved BTS proteins as the elusive iron sensors in plants, but biochemical evidence for this has been lacking. Here we characterize the redox properties and iron-binding dynamics of the Hr-like domain in both BTS and BTS-LIKE2 (BTSL2) and propose a model for their atypical mechanism of iron sensing. The recombinantly expressed BTS N-terminal domain contained three diiron centres, one in each Hr-like motif, whereas BTSL2 lacked the second diiron centre, which is positioned at the distal end according to protein models and SAXS data. The diiron centres of BTSL2 were reduced by dithionite and glutathione and could be re-oxidized upon exposure to O2and H2O2. In the reduced state, at least one of the irons of each diiron centre was labile and readily accessible to an Fe2+chelator. Addition of Fe2+to the hemi-apoprotein form and subsequent oxidation reconstituted the diiron centres, as monitored by circular dichroism spectroscopy. In the oxidized state, none of the Fe3+ions were labile. These data show that iron binding to BTS/L is dynamic, in support of their proposed iron-sensing function, but interestingly it is conditional on O2or oxidative stress. We speculate that the dual-sensing mode may be particularly important for photosynthetic organisms, for which labile diiron centres rather than other iron cofactors have been selected during evolution.
Adiponectin-receptor agonism prevents right ventricular tissue pathology in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Gandhi Shivam , Delfinis Luca J. , Bhatt Parashar D. , Garibotti Madison C. , Bellissimo Catherine A. , Goli Amireza N. , Morris Brooke A. , Brahmbhatt Aditya N. , Yakobov-Shimonov Simona , Rahman Fasih A. , Quadrilatero Joe , Simpson Jeremy A. , Sweeney Gary , Abdul-Sater Ali A. , Backx Peter H. , Hsu Henry H. , Perry Christopher G.R.
Published: October 2024

Cardiac fibrosis during Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) arises from cellular damage and inflammation and is associated with myofibre hypertrophy and metabolic dysfunction. However, the extent to which these relationships develop across all 4 cardiac chambers, particularly during early-stage disease, remains unknown. Here, we discovered that very young D2.mdxmice exhibit fibrosis exclusively in the right ventricle (RV) and left atrium. Concurrent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and disorganization in the RV were related to a highly specific inflammatory signature of increased infiltrating pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD11b+CD45+CD64+F4/80+CCR2+), myofibre mitochondrial-linked apoptosis, and reduced carbohydrate and fat oxidation. This relationship did not occur in the left ventricle. Short-term daily administration of a peptidomimetic adiponectin receptor agonist, ALY688, completely prevented RV fibrosis, myofibre hypertrophy, infiltrating macrophages and mitochondrial stress as well as left atrial fibrosis. Our discoveries demonstrate early-stage cardiac tissue pathology occurs in a chamber-specific manner and is prevented by adiponectin receptor agonism, thereby opening a new direction for developing therapies that prevent tissue remodeling during DMD.

Teaser

Heterogeneous distribution of fibrosis, inflammation and metabolic dysfunction across the heart is prevented by adiponectin receptor agonism in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Integrating predictors of host condition into spatiotemporal multi-scale models of virus shedding
Authors: Kramer Andrew M , Faust Christina L , Castellanos Adrian A. , Fischhoff Ilya R , Peel Alison J. , Eby Peggy , Ruiz-Aravena Manuel , Borremans Benny , Plowright Raina K. , Han Barbara A
Published: October 2024

Understanding where and when pathogens occur in the environment has implications for reservoir population health and infection risk. In reservoir hosts, infection status and pathogen shedding are affected by processes interacting across different scales: from landscape features affecting host location and transmission to within-host processes affecting host immunity and infectiousness. While uncommonly done, simultaneously incorporating processes across multiple scales may improve pathogen shedding predictions. In Australia, the black flying fox (Pteropus alecto) is a natural host for the zoonotic Hendra virus, which is hypothesized to cause latent infections in bats. Re-activation and virus shedding may be triggered by poor host condition, leading to virus excretion through urine. Here, we developed a statistical modeling approach that combined data at multiple spatial and temporal scales to capture ecological and biological processes potentially affecting virus shedding. We parameterized these models using existing datasets and compared model performance to under-roost virus shedding data from 2011-2014 in 23 roosts across a 1200-km transect. Our approach enabled comparisons among multiple model structures to determine which variables at which scales are most influential for accurate predictions of virus shedding in space and time. We identified environmental predictors and temporal lags of these features that were important for determining where reservoirs are located and multiple independent proxies for reservoir condition. The best-performing multi-scale model delineated periods of low and high virus prevalence, reflecting observed shedding patterns from pooled under-roost samples. Incorporating regional indicators of food scarcity enhanced model accuracy while incorporating other stress indicators at local scales confounded this signal. This multiscale modeling approach enabled the combination of processes from different ecological scales and identified environmental variables influencing Hendra virus shedding, highlighting how integrating data across scales may improve risk forecasts for other pathogen systems.
Conflicts between the DNA replication and repair machineries promote cell death in Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Gaimster Hannah , Stevens Daniel , Hubbard Julia , Mickiewicz Katarzyna , Murray Heath , Winterhalter Charles
Published: October 2024

Cellular proliferation relies on successful coordination and completion of genome replication and segregation. To help achieve this, many bacteria utilise regulatory pathways that ensure DNA replication initiation only occurs once per cell cycle. When dysregulated, loss of DNA replication control can have severe consequences. InEscherichia coliit has been observed that hyper-initiation of DNA synthesis leads to pleiotropic genome instability and cell death. Therefore, targeting DNA replication initiation proteins to promote hyper-initiation may be an approach to generate novel antimicrobials. However, it is not clear whether DNA replication hyper-initiation generally inhibits bacterial proliferation, and if so, via which pathways. To address this question, we devised genetic systems to artificially induce hyper-initiation in the model organismBacillus subtilisand the pathogenStaphylococcus aureus. In both species, hyper-initiation elicited cellular degeneration culminating in growth inhibition by cell death. During this process inB. subtilis, temporal analyses revealed the early onset of the DNA damage response, followed by membrane depolarisation and cell lysis. This phenotype could be supressed by removing pathways that repair damaged DNA, suggesting that cell death is a consequence of conflicts between DNA replication and repair. InS. aureus,cells quickly accumulated striking morphological changes associated with rapid loss of chromosomal DNA and death via a lysis-independent pathway. Moreover, inducing hyper-initiation inS. aureuswas observed to decrease bacterial survival during infection of murine macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that stimulating the initiation of bacterial DNA replication could be an alternative approach to inhibiting bacterial growth, particularly in combination with compounds that inhibit or poison DNA repair, akin to cancer therapies.
Filtering cells with high mitochondrial content removes viable metabolically altered malignant cell populations in cancer single-cell studies
Authors: Yates Josephine , Kraft Agnieszka , Boeva Valentina
Published: October 2024

Background

Single-cell transcriptomics has transformed our understanding of cellular diversity in biological systems. However, systematic noise, often introduced by low-quality cells, can obscure biological signals if not properly accounted for. Thus, one of the common quality control steps involves filtering out cells with a high percentage of mitochondrial RNA counts (pctMT), as high pctMT typically indicates cell death. Yet, commonly used filtering thresholds, primarily derived from studies on healthy tissues, may be overly stringent for malignant cells, which often naturally exhibit higher baseline mitochondrial gene expression. We analyzed public single-cell RNA-seq and spatial data to investigate if malignant cells with high pctMT are viable and functionally significant subpopulations.

Results

We analyzed nine single-cell RNA-seq datasets from uveal melanoma, breast, lung, kidney, head and neck, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, including 439,507 cells from 151 patients. Malignant cells exhibited significantly higher pctMT than nonmalignant cells without a significant increase in dissociation-induced stress signature scores. Malignant cells with high pctMT showed metabolic dysregulation, including increased xenobiotic metabolism, which is implicated in cancer therapeutic response. Our analysis of pctMT in cancer cell lines uncovered associations with resistance and sensitivity to certain classes of drugs. Additionally, we observed a link between pctMT and malignant cell transcriptional heterogeneity as well as patient clinical features.

Conclusions

This study provides a detailed exploration of the functional characteristics of malignant cells with elevated pctMT, challenging current quality control practices in single-cell RNA-seq analyses of tumors. Our findings have the potential to improve data interpretation and refine the biological conclusions of future cancer studies.
Multicellular Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Robust Regulation of Biological Processes
Authors: Martinelli Vittoria , Fiore Davide , Salzano Davide , di Bernardo Mario
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the first implementation of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) biomolecular controller within a consortium of different cell populations, aimed at robust regulation of biological processes. By leveraging the modularity and cooperative dynamics of multiple engineered cell populations, we develop a comprehensive in silico analysis of the performance and robustness of P, PD, PI, and PID control architectures. Our theoretical findings, validated through in silico experiments using the BSim agent-based simulation platform, demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our multicellular PID control strategy. This innovative approach addresses critical limitations in current control methods, offering significant potential for applications in metabolic engineering, therapeutic contexts, and industrial biotechnology. Future work will focus on experimental validation in vivo and further refinement of the control models.
Feeders and expellers, two types of animalcules with outboard cilia, have distinct surface interactions
Authors: Prakash Praneet , Vona Marco , Goldstein Raymond E.
Published: October 2024

Within biological fluid dynamics, it is conventional to distinguish between “puller” and “pusher” microswimmers on the basis of the forward or aft location of the flagella relative to the cell body: typically, bacteria are pushers and algae are pullers. Here we note that since many pullers have “outboard” cilia or flagella displaced laterally from the cell centerline on both sides of the organism, there are two important subclasses whose far-field is that of a stresslet, but whose nearfield is qualitatively more complex. The ciliary beat creates not only a propulsive force but also swirling flows that can be represented by paired rotlets with two possible senses of rotation, either “feeders” that sweep fluid toward the cell apex, or “expellers” that push fluid away. Experimental studies of the rotifer in combination with earlier work on the green algae show that the two classes have markedly different interactions with surfaces. When swimming near a surface, expellers such as scatter from the wall, whereas a feeder like stably attaches. This results in a stochastic “run-and-stick” locomotion, with periods of ballistic motion parallel to the surface interrupted by trapping at the surface.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Efficient sampling using macrocanonical Monte Carlo and density of states mapping
Authors: Ding Jiewei , Su Jiahao , Tang Ho-Kin , Yu Wing Chi
Published: October 2024

In the context of Monte Carlo sampling for lattice models, the complexity of the energy landscape often leads to Markov chains being trapped in local optima, thereby increasing the correlation between samples and reducing sampling efficiency. This study proposes a Monte Carlo algorithm that effectively addresses the irregularities of the energy landscape through the introduction of the estimated density of states. This algorithm enhances the accuracy in the study of phase transitions and is not model specific. Although our algorithm is primarily demonstrated on the two-dimensional square lattice model, the method is also applicable to a broader range of lattice and higher-dimensional models. Furthermore, the study develops a method for estimating the density of states of large systems based on that of smaller systems, enabling high-precision density of states estimation within specific energy intervals in large systems without additional sampling. For regions of lower precision, a reweighting strategy is employed to adjust the density of states to enhance the precision further. This algorithm is not only significant within the field of lattice model sampling but may also inspire applications of the Monte Carlo method in other domains.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Particle-Hole Asymmetric Ferromagnetism and Spin Textures in the Triangular Hubbard-Hofstadter Model
Authors: Ding Jixun K. , Yang Luhang , Wang Wen O. , Zhu Ziyan , Peng Cheng , Mai Peizhi , Huang Edwin W. , Moritz Brian , Phillips Philip W. , Feldman Benjamin E. , Devereaux Thomas P.
Published: October 2024

In a lattice model subject to a perpendicular magnetic field, when the lattice constant is comparable to the magnetic length, one enters the “Hofstadter regime,” where continuum Landau levels become fractal magnetic Bloch bands. Strong mixing between bands alters the nature of the resulting quantum phases compared to the continuum limit; lattice potential, magnetic field, and Coulomb interaction must be treated on equal footing. Using determinant quantum Monte Carlo and density matrix renormalization group techniques, we study this regime numerically in the context of the Hubbard-Hofstadter model on a triangular lattice. In the field-filling phase diagram, we find a broad wedge-shaped region of ferromagnetic ground states for filling factor ν≤1, bounded below by filling factor ν=1 and bounded above by half filling the lowest Hofstadter subband. We observe signatures of SU(2) quantum Hall ferromagnetism at filling factors ν=1 and ν=3. The phases near ν=1 are particle-hole asymmetric, and we observe a rapid decrease in ground-state spin polarization consistent with the formation of skyrmions only on the electron doped side. At large fields, above the ferromagnetic wedge, we observe a low-spin metallic region with spin correlations peaked at small momenta. We argue that the phenomenology of this region likely results from exchange interaction mixing fractal Hofstadter subbands. The phase diagram derived beyond the continuum limit points to a rich landscape to explore interaction effects in magnetic Bloch bands.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
A miniature X-ray diffraction setup on ID20 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
Authors: Sahle Christoph J. , Majkut Marta , Ruotsalainen Kari O. , Gerbon Florent , Suomalainen Noora , Lagier Marie-Claire , Detlefs Blanka , Claustre Laurent , Mirone Alessandro , Longo Alessandro
Published: October 2024

We describe an ultra-compact setup for in situ X-ray diffraction on the inelastic X-ray scattering beamline ID20 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The main motivation for the design and construction of this setup is the increasing demand for on-the-fly sample characterization, as well as ease of navigation through a sample's phase diagram, for example subjected to high-pressure and/or high-temperature conditions. We provide technical details and demonstrate the performance of the setup.
Understanding the formation process of positive customer engagement behaviors: a quantitative and qualitative interpretation
Authors: Zang Luning , Xiong Wenxiao , Liu Yuying , Dai Ting
Published: October 2024

Purpose

To investigate the impact of cognition, emotion and other factors on positive customer engagement behaviors and to identify the differential formation processes and dynamic changes in these behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach

We used cognitive appraisals and coping theory as well as justice theory, to analyze comment data from the Xiaomi Community with natural language processing and binary logistic regression.

Findings

Our results indicate that cognition and emotion are unnecessary for positive customer engagement. Users expressing different cognitions and emotions exhibit varied positive engagement behaviors. The behavioral dimension was the most frequently combined, followed by the affective and cognitive dimensions. Managers should adopt material or spiritual incentives to encourage users with positive emotions and cognition to become loyal. Additionally, addressing comments with distributive justice cognition can promote positive customer engagement.

Originality/value

This study clarifies the complex interplay between cognition, emotion and customer engagement behaviors, providing actionable insights for brand managers to foster customer loyalty and positive customer engagement.
What environmental and social factors are most relevant to the efficiency and performance of companies? The case of a small bank-oriented country
Authors: Neves Maria Elisabete , Caniaux Diana , Gouveia Maria do Castelo , Coelho Arnaldo
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This work aims to analyze the factors that influence the performance and efficiency of Portuguese companies, namely the influence of social and environmental features.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve our aim, we have used the Portuguese benchmark index, the Portuguese stock index – PSI, during the period from 2016 to 2020. To test the hypothesis panel data methodology was used, specifically, the GMM system originally proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991) and the Value-Based DEA developed by Gouveia et al. (2008).

Findings

The results of the GMM model show that social performance has a negative relationship with the company’s performance, from the perspective of different stakeholders, reinforcing that the cost-benefit trade-off of social spending is not yet understood as advantageous for the company’s performance. On the other hand, environmental performance, for external stakeholders, positively influences the company’s performance, perhaps due to pressure from society and the tradition of disclosing environmental matters. The value-based DEA results reinforce that from the perspective of the external stakeholder, non-efficient companies must increase their environmental performance to become efficient, highlighting the role of environmental performance in explaining efficiency. It is unanimous that social performance is still not seen as a lever of efficiency.

Originality/value

This is the first work to use a hybrid methodology to understand the performance determinants of a small banking-oriented country, emphasizing environmental and social aspects.
Comparing Google reviews and TripAdvisor to help researchers select the more appropriate information source
Authors: Mellinas Juan Pedro , Sicilia Maria
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to identify not only the potential but also the limitations of Google reviews compared to TripAdvisor that may help researchers select the more appropriate information source.

Design/methodology/approach

The 10 most visited museums and theme parks in Europe were selected for this study. A total of 23,756 theme park reviews and 22,750 museum reviews were extracted from Google and TripAdvisor in November 2022 using the Octoparse tool. In a second round of data collection, reviews on Easter week 2023 were collected for the same destinations.

Findings

TripAdvisor offers a more comprehensive and accessible source of information compared to Google. However, the findings clearly indicate that Google has greater potential to accumulate reviews. The data also confirms that destinations tend to have higher ratings on Google than on TripAdvisor.

Practical implications

The research identifies a critical limitation in Google’s review system – a cap of 1,140 viewable and downloadable reviews per destination – posing a significant hindrance to researchers.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study providing a reasoned explanation for the limited scientific literature in tourism that uses Google reviews as a database. It offers a balanced comparison between TripAdvisor and Google that allows researchers to make a more reasoned decision regarding which information source to use depending on the study focus, the method and the data to be collected.
Bringing together Lean Six Sigma and discrete event simulation: a systematic literature review
Authors: Lúcio Jonathan Serafim , Miranda Rafael de Carvalho , dos Santos Carlos Henrique , Lúcio Tháyna Alcântara Vieira
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aims to discover, compare and analyse the primary works that integrate Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and discrete event simulation (DES), exploring theoretical aspects to provide support for future integrated applications of the methods.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors carried out a systematic literature review involving selecting and evaluating papers in six scientific databases. This approach aimed to explore various aspects related to the integration of LSS and DES. Among the main aspects evaluated, the authors highlight the primary steps that involve applying both techniques, the structural organisation of each method, the associated objectives, adopted software, application areas, frameworks and other pertinent factors.

Findings

LSS offers DES a problem-solving-oriented approach, while DES allows LSS to test various scenarios planned for the DMAIC improvement phase. Despite being a promising theme, few studies examine these methods in an integrated manner. Moreover, among the works analysed, none presents a framework with guidelines for implementing these methods in an integrated way.

Research limitations/implications

This paper may not have included some of the studies due to the inaccessibility and selection criteria followed for the study.

Originality/value

This paper offers an overview and research insights considering the state of the art on integrating LSS and DES methods for researchers and practitioners in continuous improvement and computer simulation areas.
School starting age and mothers’ labour supply: causal evidence from the 2012 education reform in Turkey
Authors: Zayim Gulen Derya , Kayaoglu Aysegul
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This paper assesses the impact of a reduction in childcare costs, resulting from a change in compulsory schooling law, on mothers' labour supply in Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach

The 2012 Education Reform lowered the school starting age, allowing children up to 60 months old to enrol in primary schools. Previously, the starting age was seven years old, corresponding to 72-month-old children. We consider this change as an implied childcare subsidy for mothers with eligible children and investigate its labour market consequences. Using Turkish Household Labour Force Surveys, we applied a differences-in-differences method to estimate the effect of this law on mothers' labour supply.

Findings

The results reveal that the reform did not alter mothers' labour supply behaviour, even when categorized by educational attainment and marital status. While the findings for married mothers align with previous literature, the results for single mothers, despite showing a positive magnitude, are not statistically significant.

Originality/value

Previous literature shows a strong correlation but limited causal evidence on childcare subsidies and maternal labour supply in Turkey. This study is the first to use a change in compulsory schooling law to provide causal evidence. The results suggest that mothers in developing countries may respond differently to subsidies than those in developed countries, especially when there is an extensive informal childcare market. Policymakers should consider this when addressing mothers' behavioural inertia.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0110
Effect of surface square textures on the physical field of static and dynamic pressure thrust bearings and multi-objective optimization
Authors: Yu Xiaodong , Shi Guangqiang , Gao Weicheng , Yang Xinyi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The lubrication performance of static and dynamic pressure thrust bearings is improved by introducing texture on the sealing edge.

Design/methodology/approach

Through model building, meshing and boundary condition setting, the influence of square texture on oil film lubrication performance was simulated and analyzed, and an improved algorithm was applied to perform optimization of lubrication performance.

Findings

The findings of this study reveal that the optimum lubrication performance is attained when adjusting the parameters of the square texture to 0.12 mm, 0.1 mm, 1 mm and 34 mm. In such circumstances, the thrust bearing with square textures demonstrates an increase in loading capacity of around 19% and a temperature reduction of about 2ºC compared to a smooth thrust bearing.

Originality/value

The original Reynolds equation is revised, and the influence of square texture on the physical field of oil film is analyzed, considering the turbulence state and cavitation phenomenon. The multi-objective function under square texture parameters was established using BP neural network, and the improved multi-objective salp swarm algorithm was used to optimize the process parameters.
“The Mysterious Disappearance”: assessment of a sustainability-themed virtual educational escape room in higher education
Authors: González-Muñoz Enrique , Gallardo-Vigil Miguel Ángel , Gutiérrez-Pérez José
Published: October 2024

Purpose

In this study, we assessed the educational value and efficacy of a virtual educational escape room (VEER), called “The Mysterious Disappearance”, for training pre-service teachers.

Design/methodology/approach

“The Mysterious Disappearance” was developed ad hoc and contains various activities and puzzles focussing on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research will evaluate the design quality and satisfaction of 193 participants regarding the VEER, their perceptions of game-based learning (GBL) and analyse which soft skills are most used and which valence typology (positive/pleasant or negative/unpleasant emotions) has the greatest impact on players’ experience. Descriptive, exploratory factor and inferential analyses are employed.

Findings

The study indicates that the VEER is rated very positively by pre-service teachers. Overall satisfaction levels are high, and the resource and methodology are perceived as favourable. The design quality of the resource is also well rated, with participants perceiving it as a challenging but engaging and well-balanced. Participation in the VEER shows several benefits, especially in cognitive and motivational areas. The participants demonstrated high levels of soft skills utilisation. The resource elicits predominantly positive and pleasurable emotions. Finally, there is a positive perception towards GBL among pre-service teachers, both as students and future teachers.

Originality/value

This study employs a multivariate analysis, using a questionnaire comprising three scales. This study’s dual focus on participants’ perceptions, as current Students and Future teachers, provides insights into their potential role as designers/implementers. Findings contribute to the ongoing development of academic hypotheses, particularly by highlighting the increased motivation linked to VEER use and its positive impact on learning. Designed with the SDG framework, the game enhances teachers' engagement with the 2030 Agenda, supporting their professional development and promotes values related to sustainability. The VEER was developed ad hoc by one of the authors, and the study has potential implications for numerous fields and areas of research.
The use ADDIE model to improve the competence of the higher education task force in obtaining competitive funding for the independent campus program
Authors: Mudjisusatyo Yuniarto , Darwin Darwin , Kisno Kisno
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This research aims to improve the competence of the task force of vocational higher education study programs in preparing a proposal for the Vocational Higher Education Strengthening Program-Private University (VHESP-PU) of the Independent Campus Program.

Design/methodology/approach

This type of research is R&D by applying the ADDIE model procedures. The research subjects were 30 lecturers assigned as study program task forces from 15 private universities in North Sumatra. The techniques to collect data are tests and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use quantitative descriptive statistics.

Findings

The application of the ADDIE Model was proven effective in achieving training objectives based on the mean comparison analysis between the pre-test and post-test, showing an increase. The maximum score achieved by participants also increased by 9.52% from 84 to 92. Participants' evaluation of the implementation of the training was also dominant in the “Good” and “Very Good” categories. The training learning achievements that participants have obtained will help prepare higher-quality VHESP-PU proposals for each fiscal year to optimize training sustainability.

Research limitations/implications

The fact that only 15 universities participated in the training underscores the urgent need for ongoing training using the ADDIE model. This will ensure that more participants from private universities in North Sumatra can benefit from this practical approach to proposal preparation.

Practical implications

Using the ADDIE model to prepare VHESP-PU proposals is an innovative approach that can inspire similar applications in other fields. This research demonstrates that the ADDIE model, usually associated with instructional design, curriculum or learning materials, can also effectively prepare funding proposals using a competition scheme.

Originality/value

The use of the ADDIE model in preparing VHESP-PU proposals is an innovation because ADDIE is usually more related to developing instructional design, curriculum or learning materials rather than funding proposals using a competition scheme.
Analysing the modest fashion market: an empirical study of e-commerce best-selling products
Authors: Putri Natasya Fitriani , Hameed Affan , Akin Meryem , Akin Isik , Khan Muhammad Zubair , Banerjee Satya , Zaidi Syed Muhammad Taqi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study examines the dynamics of the modesty-conscious market within the global fashion industry. Specifically, the research aims to understand and analyse the preferences of consumers in this market segment and provide guidance for fashion companies seeking to engage with this sizable audience consumer demand for modest fashion, such as loose-fitting garments and headscarves for women.

Design/methodology/approach

Employing a mono-method quantitative research approach, this study uses a comprehensive big data analytics framework to analyseashion data sets obtained from e-commerce websites.

Findings

The findings highlight a persistent and growing demand for modest fashion; that demand proved resilient in the face of challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. Modest shoppers demonstrate price sensitivity, and their preference for premium brands over affordable ones varies considerably. Crucial factors contributing to the success of modest clothing as best-sellers include price, retailer, colour and fabric, while the discount feature is less important.

Research limitations/implications

While this research provides significant insights, it is important to acknowledge its limitations. This study relies on data gathered from certain e-commerce websites, and specific nuances of consumer behaviour may not be fully captured. In addition, the scope is limited to a specific timeframe and may not account for long-term market shifts.

Practical implications

Fashion companies could use the results of this study to customise their strategy for engaging the modesty-conscious demographic. Comprehending the significance of elements such as price, retailer, colour and fabric can allow firms to enhance their product offerings and marketing strategies.

Social implications

This study highlights the social ramifications of the modesty-focused industry, stressing the changing tastes and requirements of customers within this sector. By aligning their strategies with these societal shifts, fashion companies can contribute to a more inclusive and diverse industry landscape.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the academic literature on modest fashion by using a unique combination of exploratory data analysis and machine learning techniques with fashion e-commerce data sets. This study addresses a gap in the use of big data within this field, and provides novel insights into consumer demand for modest garments. This study challenges the prevailing assumption that consumers of modest fashion prioritise premium pricing, and offers fresh insights into their price sensitivity across both mass-market and luxury segments. It contributes to the literature on consumer behaviour in niche fashion markets and introduces a theoretical framework for understanding the intersection of fashion, culture and consumer economics within the context of modest fashion.
Ethical leadership in health-care organizations – a scoping review
Authors: Singh Ankit , Vashist Harshitha
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of EL style on key variables in health-care settings. Very few studies investigate the impact and outcomes of EL on health-care organizations. Synthesis of evidence will assist health-care leaders in making informed decisions about the outcomes they can expect from practicing EL.

Design/methodology/approach

Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework is used for conducting the scoping review. The databases include Scopus, Emerald Insight and Web of Science.

Findings

A total of 22 studies were finally considered for scoping review. The data are presented in terms of years, sampling techniques, sample size, data collection methods, and the directional relationship of the variables with EL.

Practical implications

Managers should be trained in EL style as it promotes the sustainability of the environment and organizations. Furthermore, EL should be promoted in health-care organizations as it improves employee resilience and voicing behavior and reduces instances of adverse events and medication errors, thus making the hospital a better and safer place.

Originality/value

This is one of the studies investigating the EL implications for health-care managers.
Perceived nutrition literacy on ultra-processed food and food labelling among adolescents and adults – a result from community service activity
Authors: Faza Farah , Hardiyanti Marina , Witaningrum Riani , Pranoto Yosephin Anandati , Hastuti Janatin
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Awareness and literacy regarding nutritional facts, as well as behaviour in reading front-of-pack labelling, are still lacking in Indonesia. This study aims to increase awareness and knowledge towards food labelling and ultra-processed food (UPF) in the community.

Design/methodology/approach

This was a community service activity involving 33 adults aged 14–45 years. The activity was conducted through a sequence of pre-test, nutrition education focusing on food labelling (first session) and UPF (second session), and post-test. A set of 15 questions consisting of 13 multiple-choices and 2 exploratory questions was used to collect information from respondents. Data was analysed using a paired t-test, whereas qualitative data was analysed using a thematic approach.

Findings

After receiving the two sessions of education, participants’ knowledge increased 11.55 points (pre-test vs post-test mean ± SE 76.90 ± 0.28 vs 88.45 ± 0.19; p < 0.001). The top five UPF products frequently consumed by participants were snacks (both sweets and savoury), instant noodles, canned food, beverages, mainly sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and bread and frozen foods. From the participants’ perspective, instead of prohibiting UPF advertisement, conducting food and nutrition sustainable education is more important to control UPF intake.

Research limitations/implications

This study has both strengths and limitations. The findings of this activity represent the real evidence of food and nutrition-related phenomena in the community. Equally important, nutrition education topics were comprehensive and based on recent evidence. Nevertheless, as a community service activity, the findings were more straightforward and did not involve as many participants. Additionally, the post-education assessment took place immediately after the session, but there was no follow-up evaluation to determine whether participants retained the knowledge or had changed their behaviours.

Practical implications

Therefore, advanced research is highly encouraged to explore the impact of UPF advertising on food choice preferences and consumption. Additionally, there is also a need to develop an ideal nutrition education kit that focuses on reading food labels and understanding UPF. Evaluating social-behavioural changes related to UPF following a comprehensive nutrition training programme is another crucial issue for research. Furthermore, assessing the initiation and implications of implementing SSB taxes in Indonesia is essential for understanding their potential effects.

Originality/value

Nutrition education significantly enhances adults’ knowledge of food labelling and UPF. Instead of banning UPF marketing, most participants favoured a sustainable approach involving continuous education to reduce UPF consumption.
Cybersecurity behaviours of the employees and students at the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences
Authors: Kont Kate-Riin
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the most common characteristics that make Internet users at the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences (SKA) vulnerable to various threats. This includes password management habits, online banking, shopping and payment behaviours, time spent online, use of public Wi-Fi, gaming and watching movies online. Additionally, the study seeks to review the dangers users encounter and how cautious they are, such as which online activities they consider the most dangerous and which they perceive as safe.

Design/methodology/approach

The data used in this paper is based on an overview of relevant literature, highlighting previous studies and methodologies and explaining why the human factor is considered the weakest link in cybersecurity. This research aims to help characterise the patrons of the SKA and make suggestions for future training and research. For this purpose, the students, administrative employees and academic staff of the SKA were investigated. A five-point scale questionnaire with 54 questions was used as the methodology of the study, considering the following four scales: risky behaviour, conservative behaviour, risk exposure behaviour and risk perception behaviour. The results are interpreted based on the literature, and data obtained from the completed questionnaires were analysed using Excel’s Data Analysis ToolPak. The results are presented mostly as tables and bar charts.

Findings

The research results show that the cybersecurity behaviour of employees and students is generally at a good level. However, some aspects of conservative behaviour need increased attention, such as the use of USB and other external media, opening links in emails too readily, monitoring the authenticity of visited websites and deleting browsing history before logging out. Cyber training has a noticeable effect on behaviour, particularly in the context of password management.

Originality/value

No previous research on cyber behaviour has been conducted in the context of Estonian higher education, despite the increasing number of cyber-attacks in this sector.