bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time–Frequency Analysis of Pressure Pulsation Signal in the Chamber of Self-Resonating Jet Nozzle
Authors: Cui Lihua , Ma Fei , Gu Qing , Cai Tengfei
Published: May 2018

In this paper, time–frequency (TF) characteristics of pressure pulsation in the self-resonating jet nozzle were thoroughly checked and analyzed by two TF analysis methods. The frequency spectrum including frequency-domain structure and approximate frequency-scope was obtained via the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT) method. Due to the typical nonstationary and time-varying nature, the FFT method is inefficient in analyzing such signals. TF analysis method was introduced to obtain the accurate instantaneous frequency (IF) of the self-resonating jet signal, which makes the quantitative analysis of the resonance frequency possible. In addition, a comparative study on the IF results were carried out by coupling the Morlet wavelet transforms, synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms (SWTs) and the modulus maximum methods together, and the coherence of frequency-domain structure was demonstrated. The result showed that SWT is good at acquiring the frequency distribution of the self-resonating jet with high readability and accuracy, and the TF analysis method is suitable for researching jet nozzle’s TF characteristics with high efficiency.
Impact of Knowledge Management Capabilities on New Product Development and Company Performance
Authors: Yildirmaz Hakki , Öner M. Atilla , Herrmann Nicole
Published: May 2018

Managing knowledge is a critical challenge for organizations while it is a major potential for gaining competitive advantage. This empirical study confirms and improves a framework which proposes a link between knowledge management enablers and knowledge creation process. The model introduces improvements on the process-oriented perspective of knowledge by using the knowledge creation model by adding business strategies and market dynamism to the model. As an inter-mediator, new product development is accepted. This research provides a structural equation model (SEM) that can be referred by academicians and enables managers a tool that can be used for seeking sound strategies.
A Model for Make-or-Buy Decisions in Engineering Design Services Sector: A Case Study from Turkey
Authors: Ediz Z. Aytan , Öner M. Atilla , Erdem Y. Can , Kaplan Nesimi
Published: May 2018

Make-or-buy decision is an important factor affecting the profitability of the firms in all sectors. The goal of this study is to propose a model for firms in engineering design services sector for make-or-buy decisions. A survey was conducted to determine the importance percentages given in an engineering company in make-or-buy decisions and a model was developed. The results of the case study show intriguing clusters of company personnel.

As the lack of consensus among company managers and personnel may inhibit the successful implementation of the developed strategy, we use K-Means Clustering to determine the different perspectives of different groups of employees (managers, senior engineers, junior engineers, technical and administrative support personnel) which may contribute to the understanding of social dynamics of decision making within the company. 4-cluster and 5-cluster analysis results indicate the need for further study on the dynamics of cluster membership.
Triphenylphosphonium-substituted phthalocyanine: Design, synthetic strategy, photoproperties and photodynamic activity
Authors: Tarhouni Mohamed , Durand Denis , Önal Emel , Aggad Dina , İşci Ümit , Ekineker Gülçin , Brégier Frédérique , Jamoussi Bassem , Sol Vincent , Gary-Bobo Magali , Dumoulin Fabienne
Published: May 2018

In line with current efforts to direct PDT photosensitizers to specific organelles such as mitochondria, a triphenylphosphonium-tetrasubstituted Zn phthalocyanine was designed, taking into account synthetic constraints. Triphenylphosphonium moieties were successfully introduced on alkyl bromide substituents on a pre-formed phthalocyanine. Photophysical and photochemical measurements showed that the photoproperties of the Zn phthalocyanine core were not affected by the triphenylphosphonium groups. Biological investigations demonstrated the dark innocuousness of the phthalocyanine up to 1 [Formula: see text]M, a concentration that exhibited a powerful phototoxicity. Cell death was confirmed to be photodynamically induced thanks to reactive oxygen species detection experiments. Nonetheless, the triphenylphosphonium moieties did not promote the accumulation of the phthalocyanine in mitochondria as significantly as expected.
A New Method to Find the Base Functions for the Method of Directly Defining the Inverse Mapping (MDDiM)
Authors: Nave OPhir
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we apply a new algorithm called method of directly defining the inverse mapping (MDDiM) that was introduced by Liao for finding a semi-analytical solution to nonlinear system of differential equations. We apply this new method to the autoignition of a monodisperse fuel spray model. We use this technique for finding the base functions in the considered algorithm. Our results include a comparison between a numerical simulation and an analytical solutions derived from the MDDiM.
Vascularized Iliac Bone Lining in Downgraded Treatment of Campanacci Grade III Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius
Authors: Sano Kazufumi , Kimura Kazumasa , Ozeki Satoru
Published: May 2018

It is commonly accepted that wide en bloc resection followed by reconstruction is essential in progressive lesions (Campanacci grade III) for local control of possible recurrence. However, specific grade III can be downgraded and treated with intralesional curettage to preserve better wrist function, without increasing the recurrency rates. In this report, Grade III giant cell tumor of the distal radius was successfully treated using vascularized osseous graft from the inner lip of the iliac bone in addition to downgrading strategy.
Bilateral Bifid Median Nerve with Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Atypical Presentation, a Rare Cause and a Familiar Disease
Authors: Bhat Anil K. , Acharya Ashwath M. , Narayana Kurup Jayakrishnan K. , Chakraborti Abhishek
Published: May 2018

We report a case of bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with bilateral bifid median nerve (BMN) without a persistent median artery diagnosed by clinical examination, NCV and Ultrasonography. Bilateral BMN to produce bilateral CTS is extremely rare and is contrary to the popular classifications which state that BMN without persistent median artery or its anomalies will not produce CTS. Ultrasonogram is of additional help to identify such aberrations in the median nerve to prevent iatrogenic injuries during carpal tunnel decompression.
Social Security and Disability Due to Mental Impairment in Adults
Authors: Goldman Howard H. , Frey William D. , Riley Jarnee K.
Published: May 2018

The Social Security Administration (SSA) oversees two disability programs, Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Adults with mental impairments represent a very large component of the programs. Policy makers and SSA are concerned about the accuracy of disability determination and also about low levels of labor force participation among individuals with disabilities. Adults with mental impairments are challenging to assess for work-related functional limitations. They are also a challenge to return to labor force participation. SSA has sponsored several demonstration research programs focusing on improving the accuracy of disability determination and on interventions in supported employment to return individuals with mental impairments to competitive employment. This article reviews the demonstration research focused on both entry into the disability system (at the “front door”) and potential exit from it (through the “back door”). All of the research holds promise to “right-size” the SSA disability program.
Impact of Preoperative Anemia on Perioperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Liu Liu , Liu Lin , Liang Li-Chuang , Zhu Zhi-qiang , Wan Xiao , Dai Heng-bing , Huang Qiang
Published: May 2018

Aim. To evaluate the impact of preoperative anemia (POA) on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods. A total of 326 CRC patients were enrolled. POA was defined as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration ≤ 12 g/dl. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the impact of POA on the risks of postoperative complications like surgical site infection (SSI).Results. Patients with colon cancer presented higher rate of POA than patients with rectal cancer (60% versus 40% for colon cancer versus rectal cancer). In addition, female patients and patients with large tumor mass (>4 cm) had a higher rate of POA than male patients and patients with small tumor (≤4 cm), respectively. Upon univariable analysis, CRC patients with POA had a higher rate of incisional SSI than patients without POA (12% versus 6%,P=0.04). However, POA was not associated with other postoperative complications, like anastomotic leak, organ space SSI, and bleeding. Upon multivariable analysis, POA and stoma formation were identified as two independent risk factors for incisional SSI (OR (95%CI): 2.44 (1.09–5.49) for POA versus no POA and 2.64 (1.20–5.81) for stoma formation versus no stoma formation).Conclusions. POA was an independent risk factor for incisional surgical site infection after colorectal resection for CRC, and correcting POA should be considered before elective surgery.
Reliable Fault Diagnosis of Rotary Machine Bearings Using a Stacked Sparse Autoencoder‐Based Deep Neural Network
Authors: Sohaib Muhammad , Kim Jong-Myon
Published: May 2018

Due to enhanced safety, cost‐effectiveness, and reliability requirements, fault diagnosis of bearings using vibration acceleration signals has been a key area of research over the past several decades. Many fault diagnosis algorithms have been developed that can efficiently classify faults under constant speed conditions. However, the performances of these traditional algorithms deteriorate with fluctuations of the shaft speed. In the past couple of years, deep learning algorithms have not only improved the classification performance in various disciplines (e.g., in image processing and natural language processing), but also reduced the complexity of feature extraction and selection processes. In this study, using complex envelope spectra and stacked sparse autoencoder‐ (SSAE‐) based deep neural networks (DNNs), a fault diagnosis scheme is developed that can overcome fluctuations of the shaft speed. The complex envelope spectrum made the frequency components associated with each fault type vibrant, hence helping the autoencoders to learn the characteristic features from the given input signals more readily. Moreover, the implementation of SSAE‐DNN for bearing fault diagnosis has avoided the need of handcrafted features that are used in traditional fault diagnosis schemes. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms conventional fault diagnosis algorithms in terms of fault classification accuracy when tested with variable shaft speed data.
Sister Chromatid Exchange and Genomic Instability in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Potential Implications for Response to DNA-Damaging Treatments
Authors: Salawu Abdulazeez , Wright Kristin , Al-Kathiri Afnan , Wyld Lynda , Reed Malcolm , Sisley Karen
Published: May 2018

Sarcomas are rare heterogeneous malignancies of mesenchymal origin characterised by complex karyotypes but no specific abnormalities. Recurrence is common, and metastatic disease carries poor survival despite standard DNA-damaging radiotherapy or chemotherapy. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are either repaired by mechanisms such as homologous recombination (HR) or result in cell death by apoptosis. EndogenousγH2AX formation and SCE formation are early and late events, respectively, and their levels are considered surrogate measures of genomic instability. CombinedγH2AX and SCE analysis was used to evaluate endogenous DNA DSB levels (and their subsequent repair) in 9 primary sarcoma cell lines and compared with well-established commercial lines. All the sarcoma cell lines had elevatedγH2AX and SCE levels, but there was no correlation between the DNA DSB frequency and subsequent SCE. Typically, radioresistant osteosarcoma cells had relatively lowγH2AX frequency but high SCE counts suggestive of efficient DNA repair. Conversely, liposarcoma cells derived from a radiosensitive tumour had high H2AX but relatively lower SCE levels that may imply inefficient DNA DSB repair. To our knowledge, this is the first report that correlates H2AX and SCE levels in primary sarcoma cell lines and may provide insight into potential response to DNA-damaging treatments.
Planning Optimization of the Distributed Antenna System in High-Speed Railway Communication Network Based on Improved Cuckoo Search
Authors: Chen Zhaoyu , Liu Yanheng , Sun Geng , Zhou Xu , Li Boyu , Liang Shuang , Zhou Qianyu
Published: May 2018

The network planning is a key factor that directly affects the performance of the wireless networks. Distributed antenna system (DAS) is an effective strategy for the network planning. This paper investigates the antenna deployment in a DAS for the high-speed railway communication networks and formulates an optimization problem which is NP-hard for achieving the optimal deployment of the antennas in the DAS. To solve this problem, a scheme based on an improved cuckoo search based on dimension cells (ICSDC) algorithm is proposed. ICSDC introduces the dimension cell mechanism to avoid the internal dimension interferences in order to improve the performance of the algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed ICSDC-based scheme obtains a lower network cost compared with the uniform network planning method. Moreover, ICSDC algorithm has better performance in terms of the convergence rate and accuracy compared with the conventional cuckoo search algorithm, the particle swarm optimization, and the firefly algorithm.
Stability of Stochastic Differential Switching Systems with Time-Delay and Impulsive Effects
Authors: Fang Zhuang , Huang Xiaozhong , Tan Xuegang
Published: May 2018

This paper studies the stability of hybrid impulsive and switching stochastic neural networks. First, a new type of switching signal is constructed. The stochastic differential switching systems are steerable under the work of the switching signals. Then, using switching Lyapunov function approach, Itô formula, and generalized Halanay’s inequality, some global asymptotical and global exponential stability criteria are derived. These criteria improve the existing results on hybrid systems without noises. An example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results.
Cerebral Perfusion and Cerebral Autoregulation after Cardiac Arrest
Authors: van den Brule J. M. D. , van der Hoeven J. G. , Hoedemaekers C. W. E.
Published: May 2018

Out of hospital cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Recovery of hemodynamics does not necessarily lead to recovery of cerebral perfusion. The neurological injury induced by a circulatory arrest mainly determines the prognosis of patients after cardiac arrest and rates of survival with a favourable neurological outcome are low. This review focuses on the temporal course of cerebral perfusion and changes in cerebral autoregulation after out of hospital cardiac arrest. In the early phase after cardiac arrest, patients have a low cerebral blood flow that gradually restores towards normal values during the first 72 hours after cardiac arrest. Whether modification of the cerebral blood flow after return of spontaneous circulation impacts patient outcome remains to be determined.
The Relationship between a New Biomarker of Vagal Neuroimmunomodulation and Survival in Two Fatal Cancers
Authors: Gidron Y. , De Couck M. , Schallier D. , De Greve J. , Van Laethem J. L. , Maréchal R.
Published: May 2018

Background. The vagus nerve may slow tumor progression because it inhibits inflammation. This study examined the relationship between a new vagal neuroimmunomodulation (NIM) index and survival in fatal cancers. Method. We retroactively derived markers of vagal nerve activity indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), specifically the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), from patients’ electrocardiograms near diagnosis. The NIM index was the ratio of RMSSD to C-reactive protein levels (RMSSD/CRP). Sample 1 included 202 Belgian patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (PC), while sample 2 included 71 Belgian patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In both samples, we examined the overall survival, while in sample 2, we additionally examined the survival time in deceased patients. Results. In PC patients, in a multivariate Cox regression controlling for confounders, the NIM index had a protective relative risk (RR) of 0.68 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.51–0.92. In NSCLC patients, the NIM index also had a protective RR of 0.53 and 95% CI of 0.32–0.88. Finally, in NSCLC, patients with a higher NIM index survived more days (475.2) than those with lower NIM (285.1) (p<0.05). Conclusions. The NIM index, reflecting vagal modulation of inflammation, may be a new independent prognostic biomarker in fatal cancers.
Guiding Lights in Genome Editing for Inherited Retinal Disorders: Implications for Gene and Cell Therapy
Authors: Sanjurjo-Soriano Carla , Kalatzis Vasiliki
Published: May 2018

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a leading cause of visual impairment in the developing world. These conditions present an irreversible dysfunction or loss of neural retinal cells, which significantly impacts quality of life. Due to the anatomical accessibility and immunoprivileged status of the eye, ophthalmological research has been at the forefront of innovative and advanced gene- and cell-based therapies, both of which represent great potential as therapeutic treatments for IRD patients. However, due to a genetic and clinical heterogeneity, certain IRDs are not candidates for these approaches. New advances in the field of genome editing using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) have provided an accurate and efficient way to edit the human genome and represent an appealing alternative for treating IRDs. We provide a brief update on current gene augmentation therapies for retinal dystrophies. Furthermore, we discuss recent advances in the field of genome editing and stem cell technologies, which together enable precise and personalized therapies for patients. Lastly, we highlight current technological limitations and barriers that need to be overcome before this technology can become a viable treatment option for patients.
Identification and Functional Mechanism of Novel Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Dipeptides from Xerocomus badius Cultured in Shrimp Processing Waste Medium
Authors: Gao Xiujun , Li Xiqi , Yan Peisheng , Sun Rui , Kan Guangfeng , Zhou Ying
Published: May 2018

ACE inhibitory dipeptides from Xerocomus badius fermented shrimp processing waste were isolated with ethanol, macroporous resin, chloroform, and Sephadex G-10 in sequence and identified by LC-MS/MS system coupled with electrospray ionization source. Molecular docking was performed for exploring the mechanism of their inhibitions. The results showed that the identified ACE inhibitory dipeptides were Cys-Cys and Cys-Arg with IC50 values of 4.37 ± 0.07 and 475.95 ± 0.11 μM, respectively. The difference between ACE inhibitor potency of Cys-Cys and Cys-Arg could be explained by results of molecular docking. Cys-Cys formed crucial coordination between carboxyl oxygen and Zn(II), hydrogen bonds with residues Ala354(O), Ala356(HN), and Tyr523(OH), and a bump with the residue His387(NE2) at the active site of ACE. There was no coordination, except for 5 hydrogen bonds (at residues His353, Ala354, Glu384, Glu403, and Arg522) and a bump (Glu411) between Cys-Arg and active site of ACE. These findings highlighted that Cys-Cys could be considered as a novel potent ACE inhibitor, and coordination between its carboxyl oxygen and Zn(II) played significant role in defining its ACE inhibitor potency.
Roles of Host Immunity in Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhao Lifang , Fu Zhaoying
Published: May 2018

The pathogenesis of viral myocarditis includes both the direct damage mediated by viral infection and the indirect lesion resulted from host immune responses. Myocarditis can progress into dilated cardiomyopathy that is also associated with immunopathogenesis. T cell-mediated autoimmunity, antibody-mediated autoimmunity (autoantibodies), and innate immunity, working together, contribute to the development of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Overview and Critical Appraisal of Arterial Spin Labelling Technique in Brain Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Alsaedi Amirah , Thomas David , Bisdas Sotirios , Golay Xavier
Published: May 2018

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) allows absolute quantification of CBF via a diffusible intrinsic tracer (magnetically labelled blood water) that disperses from the vascular system into neighbouring tissue. Thus, it can provide absolute CBF quantification, which eliminates the need for the contrast agent, and can be performed repeatedly. This review will focus on the common ASL acquisition techniques (continuous, pulsed, and pseudocontinuous ASL) and how ASL image quality might be affected by intrinsic factors that may bias the CBF measurements. We also provide suggestions to mitigate these risks, model appropriately the acquired signal, increase the image quality, and hence estimate the reliability of the CBF, which consists an important noninvasive biomarker. Emerging methodologies for extraction of new ASL-based biomarkers, such as arterial arrival time (AAT) and arterial blood volume (aBV), will be also briefly discussed.
Dynamic Eco-Driving Speed Guidance at Signalized Intersections: Multivehicle Driving Simulator Based Experimental Study
Authors: Chen Peng , Yan Cong , Sun Jian , Wang Yunpeng , Chen Shenyang , Li Keping
Published: May 2018

Variations in vehicle fuel consumption and gas emissions are usually associated with changes in cruise speed and the aggressiveness of drivers’ acceleration/deceleration, especially at traffic signals. In an attempt to enhance vehicle fuel efficiency on arterials, this study developed a dynamic eco-driving speed guidance strategy (DESGS) using real-time signal timing and vehicle positioning information in a connected vehicle (CV) environment. DESGS mainly aims to optimize the fuel/emission speed profiles for vehicles approaching signalized intersections. An optimization-based rolling horizon and a dynamic programming approach were proposed to track the optimal guided velocity for individual vehicles along the travel segment. In addition, a vehicle specific power (VSP) based approach was integrated into DESGS to estimate the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. To evaluate the effectiveness of the overall strategy, 15 experienced drivers were recruited to participate in interactive speed guidance experiments using multivehicle driving simulators. It was found that compared to vehicles without speed guidance, those with DESGS had a significantly reduced number of stops and approximately 25% less fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.
Improvement of the Shock Absorption Ability of a Face Guard by Incorporating a Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic and Buffering Space
Authors: Wada Takahiro , Churei Hiroshi , Takayanagi Haruka , Iwasaki Naohiko , Ueno Toshiaki , Takahashi Hidekazu , Uo Motohiro
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the shock absorption ability of trial face guards (FGs) incorporating a glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (GF) and buffering space. The mechanical properties of 3.2 mm and 1.6 mm thick commercial medical splint materials (Aquaplast, AP) and experimental GF prepared from 1.6 mm thick AP and fiberglass cloth were determined by a three-point bending test. Shock absorption tests were conducted on APs with two different thicknesses and two types of experimental materials, both with a bottom material of 1.6 mm thick AP and a buffering space of 30 mm in diameter (APS) and with either (i) 1.6 mm thick AP (AP-APS) or (ii)  1.6 mm thick GF (GF-APS) covering the APS. The GF exhibited significantly higher flexural strength (64.4 MPa) and flexural modulus (7.53 GPa) than the commercial specimens. The maximum load of GF-APS was 75% that of 3.2 mm AP, which is widely used clinically. The maximum stress of the GF-APS only could not be determined as its maximum stress is below the limits of the analysis materials used (<0.5 MPa). Incorporating a GF and buffering space would enhance the shock absorption ability; thus, the shock absorption ability increased while the total thickness and weight decreased.
Lung Involvements in Rheumatic Diseases: Update on the Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Treatment
Authors: Ha You-Jung , Lee Yun Jong , Kang Eun Ha
Published: May 2018

Lung illness encountered in patients with rheumatic diseases bears clinical significance in terms of increased morbidity and mortality as well as potential challenges placed on patient care. Although our understanding of natural history of this important illness is still limited, epidemiologic knowledge has been accumulated during the past decade to provide useful information on the risk factors and prognosis of lung involvements in rheumatic diseases. Moreover, the pathogenesis particularly in the context of genetics has been greatly updated for both the underlying rheumatic disease and associated lung involvement. This review will focus on the current update on the epidemiologic and genetics features and treatment options of the lung involvements associated with four major rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, myositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus), with more attention to a specific form of involvement or interstitial lung disease.
Levosimendan in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: An Update Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Wang Benji , He Xiaojie , Gong Yuqiang , Cheng Bihuan
Published: May 2018

Background. Recent studies suggest that levosimendan does not provide mortality benefit in patients with low cardiac output syndrome undergoing cardiac surgery. These results conflict with previous findings. The aim of the current study is to assess whether levosimendan reduces postoperative mortality in patients with impaired left ventricular function (mean EF ≤ 40%) undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library Database through November 20, 2017. Inclusion criteria were random allocation to treatment with at least one group receiving levosimendan and another group receiving placebo or other treatments and cardiac surgery patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. The primary endpoint was postoperative mortality. Secondary outcomes were cardiac index, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, postoperative atrial fibrillation, and postoperative renal replacement therapy. We performed trial sequential analysis (TSA) to evaluate the reliability of the primary endpoint. Results. Data from 2,152 patients in 15 randomized clinical trials were analyzed. Pooled results demonstrated a reduction in postoperative mortality in the levosimendan group [RR = 0.53, 95% CI (0.38–0.73), I2=0]. However, the result of TSA showed that the conclusion may be a false positive. Secondary outcomes demonstrated that PCWP, postoperative renal replacement therapy, and length of ICU stay were significantly reduced. Cardiac index was greater in the levosimendan group. No difference was found in the rate of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Conclusions. Levosimendan reduces the rate of death and other adverse outcomes in patients with low ejection fraction who were undergoing cardiac surgery, but results remain inconclusive. More large-volume randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are warranted.
Glucose Metabolic Brain Network Differences between Chinese Patients with Lewy Body Dementia and Healthy Control
Authors: Chen Danyan , Lu Jiaying , Zhou Hucheng , Jiang Jiehui , Wu Ping , Guo Qihao , Ge Jingjie , Zhang Huiwei , Shi Kuangyu , Zuo Chuantao
Published: May 2018

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common degenerative dementia of the central nervous system. The technique 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F FDG PET) was used to investigate brain metabolism patterns in DLB patients. Conventional statistical methods did not consider intern metabolism transforming connections between various brain regions; therefore, most physicians do not understand the underlying neuropathology of DLB patients. In this study, 18F FDG-PET images and graph-theoretical methods were used to investigate alterations in whole-brain intrinsic functional connectivity in a Chinese DLB group and healthy control (HC) group. This experimental study was performed on 22 DLB patients and 22 HC subjects in Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China. Experimental results indicate that compared with the HC group, the DLB group has severely impaired small-world network. Compared to those of the HC group, the clustering coefficients of the DLB group were higher and characteristic path lengths were longer, and in terms of global efficiencies, those of the DLB group was also lower. Moreover, four significantly altered regions were observed in the DLB group: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (IFG.R), olfactory cortex (OLF.R), hippocampus (HIP.R), and fusiform gyrus (FFG.L). Amongst them, in the DLB group, betweenness centrality became strong in OLF.R, HIP.R, and FFG.L, whereas betweenness centrality became weaker in IFG.R. Finally, IFGoperc.R was selected as a seed and a voxel-wise correlation analysis was performed. Compared to the HC group, the DLB group showed several regions of strengthened connection with IFGoperc.R; these regions were located in the prefrontal cortex and regions of weakened connection were located in the occipital cortex. The results of this paper may help physicians to better understand and characterize DLB patients.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Visible Light Curing Capacity of Polycaprolactone Acrylate
Authors: Tzeng Jy-Jiunn , Hsiao Yi-Ting , Wu Yun-Ching , Chen Hsuan , Lee Shyh-Yuan , Lin Yuan-Min
Published: May 2018

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is drawing increasing attention in the field of medical 3D printing and tissue engineering because of its biodegradability. This study developed polycaprolactone prepolymers that can be cured using visible light. Three PCL acrylates were synthesized: polycaprolactone-530 diacrylate (PCL530DA), glycerol-3 caprolactone triacrylate (Glycerol-3CL-TA), and glycerol-6 caprolactone triacrylate (Glycerol-6CL-TA). PCL530DA has two acrylates, whereas Glycerol-3CL-TA and Glycerol-6CL-TA have three acrylates. The Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra suggested successful synthesis of all PCL acrylates. All are liquid at room temperature and can be photopolymerized into a transparent solid after exposure to 470 nm blue LED light using 1% camphorquinone as photoinitiator and 2% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as coinitiator. The degree of conversion for all PCL acrylates can reach more than 80% after 1 min of curing. The compressive modulus of PCL530DA, Glycerol-3CL-TA, and Glycerol-6CL-TA is 65.7±12.7, 80.9±6.1, and 32.1±4.1 MPa, respectively, and their compressive strength is 5.3±0.29, 8.3±0.18, and 3.0±0.53 MPa, respectively. Thus, all PCL acrylates synthesized in this study can be photopolymerized and because of their solid structure and low viscosity, they are applicable to soft tissue engineering and medical 3D printing.
Oral Health of Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: van Stiphout Marjolein A. E. , Marinus Johan , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Lobbezoo Frank , de Baat Cees
Published: May 2018

The aim of the study was to examine the oral health status of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, to compare their oral health status to that of a control group, and to relate it to the duration and severity of PD.Materials and Methods. 74 PD patients and 74 controls were interviewed and orally examined. Among PD patients, the duration and the Hoehn and Yahr stage (HY) of the disease were registered.Results. More PD patients than controls reported oral hygiene care support as well as chewing/biting problems, taste disturbance, tooth mobility, and xerostomia, whereas dentate patients had more teeth with carious lesions, tooth root remnants, and biofilm. Both longer duration and higher HY were associated with more chewing problems and, in dentates, more teeth with restorations. In dentates, longer duration of the disease was associated with higher number of mobile teeth. Higher HY was associated with more oral hygiene care support as well as biting problems and, in dentates, more teeth with carious lesions and tooth root remnants.Conclusions. Comparatively, PD patients had weakened oral health status and reduced oral hygiene care. Both duration and severity of the disease were associated with more oral health and hygiene care problems.
RASSF1A Deficiency Enhances RAS-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis
Authors: Schmidt M. Lee , Hobbing Katharine R. , Donninger Howard , Clark Geoffrey J.
Published: May 2018

Mutant K-RAS has been shown to have both tumor-promoting and -suppressing functions, and growing evidence suggests that the RASSF family of tumor suppressors can act as RAS apoptosis and senescence effectors. It has been hypothesized that inactivation of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor facilitates K-RAS–mediated transformation by uncoupling it from apoptotic pathways such as the Hippo pathway. In human lung tumors, combined activation of K-RAS and inactivation of RASSF1A is closely associated with the development of the most aggressive and worst prognosis tumors. Here, we describe the first transgenic mouse model for activation of K-RAS in the lung in a RASSF1A-defective background. RASSF1A deficiency profoundly enhanced the development of K-RAS–driven lung tumors in vivo. Analysis of these tumors showed loss of RASSF1A-uncoupled RAS from the proapoptotic Hippo pathway as expected. We also observed an upregulation of AKT and RALGEF signaling in the RASSF1A− tumors. Heterozygosity of RASSF1A alone mimicked many of the effects of RAS activation on mitogenic signaling in lung tissue, yet no tumors developed, indicating that nonstandard Ras signaling pathways may be playing a key role in tumor formation in vivo. In addition, we observed a marked increase in inflammation and IL6 production in RASSF1A-deficient tumors. Thus, RASSF1A loss profoundly affects RAS-driven lung tumorigenesis and mitogenic signaling in vivo. Deregulation of inflammatory pathways due to loss of RASSF1A may be essential for RAS-mediated tumorigenesis. These results may have considerable ramifications for future targeted therapy against RAS+/RASSF1A− tumors.

Significance: A transgenic mouse model shows that suppression of RASSF1A dramatically enhances Ras-driven tumorigenesis and alters Ras signaling pathway activity.

Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/10/2614/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2614–23. ©2018 AACR.
Circulating Exosomal miR-27a and miR-130a Act as Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liu Xiangxiang , Pan Bei , Sun Li , Chen Xiaoxiang , Zeng Kaixuan , Hu Xiuxiu , Xu Tao , Xu Mu , Wang Shukui
Published: May 2018

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide usually is associated with poor prognosis due to the advanced stage when diagnosed. This study aimed to investigate whether specific circulating exosomal miRNAs could act as biomarkers for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 369 peripheral blood samples were included in this study. In the discovery phase, circulating exosomal miR-27a and miR-130a were selected after synthetical analysis of two GEO datasets and TCGA database. The differential expression and diagnostic utility of miR-27a and miR-130a panel were validated using qRT-PCR and ROC curve analysis in subsequent training phase, validation phase, and external validation phase. The prognosis of circulating exosomal miR-27a and miR-130a were investigated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results: The expression of exosomal miR-27a and miR-130a in plasma significantly increased in colorectal cancer. The area under ROC curves (AUC) of miR-27a (miR-130a) were 0.773 (0.742) in the training phase, 0.82 (0.787) in the validation phase, and 0.746 (0.697) in the external validation phase. The combination of two miRNAs presented higher diagnostic utility for colorectal cancer (AUCs = 0.846, 0.898, and 0.801 for the training, validation, and external validation phases, respectively). Patients with colorectal cancer with high expression of circulating exosomal miR-27a or miR-130a underwent poorer prognosis.

Conclusions: We identified a circulating exosomal miRNAs panel for the detection of colorectal cancer.

Impact: The exosomal miR-27a and miR-130a panel in plasma may act as a noninvasive biomarker for early detection and predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(7); 746–54. ©2018 AACR.
Tenascin-X, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, and the CAH-X Syndrome
Authors: Miller Walter L. , Merke Deborah P.
Published: May 2018

Mutations of the CYP21A2 gene encoding adrenal 21-hydroxylase cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The CYP21A2 gene is partially overlapped by the TNXB gene, which encodes an extracellular matrix protein called Tenascin-X (TNX). Mutations affecting both alleles of TNXB cause a severe, autosomal recessive form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Rarely, patients with severe, salt-wasting CAH have deletions of CYP21A2 that extend into TNXB, resulting in a “contiguous gene syndrome” consisting of CAH and EDS. Heterozygosity for TNXB mutations causing haploinsufficiency of TNX may be associated with the mild “hypermobility form” of EDS, which principally affects small and large joints. Studies of patients with salt-wasting CAH found that up to 10% had clinical features of EDS, associated joint hypermobility, haploinsufficiency of TNX and heterozygosity for TNXB mutations, now called “CAH-X.” These patients have joint hypermobility and a spectrum of other comorbidities associated with their connective tissue disorder, including chronic arthralgia, joint subluxations, hernias, and cardiac defects. Other disorders are beginning to be associated with TNX deficiency, including familial vesicoureteral reflux and neurologic disorders. Further work is needed to delineate the full spectrum of TNX-deficient disorders, with and without associated CAH.
Severe Pain Due to Paraspinal Abscess Formation in Two Patients with Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck after Multimodal Treatment Including Cetuximab
Authors: Gerlach Christina , Pretzell Ina , Lieberknecht Elisabeth , Mattyasovszky Stefan , Weber Martin
Published: May 2018

Background: Patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) on palliative therapy usually have a bad prognosis and suffer from various symptoms. With increasing use of targeted agents in cancer patients at the end of life, the correct assignment of therapy-related symptoms becomes increasingly difficult as cancer-related symptoms usually increase as well. Case Report: We report on 2 cases of patients with SCCHN who received multimodal treatment including palliative therapy with cetuximab. Both patients developed severe thoracic and cervicothoracic pain following treatment. In both cases, extensive paraspinal abscess formation proved to be the underlying cause. One patient was treated conservatively; the other one had to undergo surgical intervention. Conclusions: Awareness of multifaceted therapy-related complications is mandatory when patients receive multimodal treatment including targeted therapies. Unexplained pain syndromes in this context should raise suspicions concerning possible infectious complications and should lead to early use of magnetic resonance imaging.
Sicherung der beruflichen Perspektive von Krebsüberlebenden bei ihrer Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz
Authors: Lang Susanne
Published: May 2018

Due to improving treatment options, the number of so-called long-term cancer survivors is steadily increasing. Current studies assume that more than 60% of adults survive their cancer. These patients have a variety of problems (chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, fatigue, etc.) that require very special care. In addition to somatic and psychological side effects of the cancer or its treatment, these patients also suffer from the financial and social consequences of the disease. Thus, for a long-term survivor of working age, the question of a ‘return to work' represents a significant problem since otherwise the financial existence of the patient, and often the family, may substantially deteriorate. Studies show that cancer patients classify financial worries with regard to the quality of life as more significant than physical or psychological side effects of the cancer or its treatment. Furthermore, there are initial studies showing that the social descent due to the disease may also prove relevant for cancer prognosis. In contrast, it was shown in studies and in a Cochrane analysis that professional assistance and support services are suitable for keeping patients in their professional lives. Therefore, both patients and physicians need to be aware of this problem.
Anti-D Alloimmunization after RhD-Positive Platelet Transfusion in RhD-Negative Women under 55 Years Diagnosed with Acute Leukemia: Results of a Retrospective Study
Authors: Villalba Ana , Santiago Marta , Freiria Carmen , Montesinos Pau , Gomez Ines , Fuentes Carolina , Rodriguez-Veiga Rebeca , Fernandez José María , Sanz Guillermo , Sanz Miguel Angel , Carpio Nelly , Solves Pilar
Published: May 2018

Background: Anti-D alloimmunization can occur when platelets from RhD-positive donors are transfused to RhD-negative patients, due to red blood cell residues in the platelet concentrates. Methods: Our objective was to analyze the anti-D alloimmunization rate in a selected group of women under 55 years of age diagnosed with acute leukemia over an 18-year period. We focused the analysis on RhD-negative patients who received RhD-positive platelet transfusions. Results: From January 1998 to October 2016, 382 women under 55 years were diagnosed with acute leukemia. A total of 56 patients were RhD-negative, and 48 (85.7%) received RhD-positive platelets. The median number of platelet concentrates transfused per patient was 23, and 48% of all platelet transfusions were RhD-positive. The 48 RhD-negative patients received a total of 949 RhD-positive platelet concentrates. Two patients developed anti-D: a 36-year-old woman with M3 acute myeloblastic leukemia and a 52-year-old patient with a secondary acute myeloblastic leukemia. Conclusion: We conclude that there is a need for agreement in the transfusion guidelines on the recommendation of anti-D alloimmunization prophylaxis. We suggest a possible benefit in favor of anti-D prophylaxis in childbearing women with acute leukemia.
Association of MiRNA-146a, MiRNA-499, IRAK1 and PADI4 Polymorphisms with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Egyptian Population
Authors: Shaker Olfat Gamil , EL Boghdady Noha Ahmed  , El Sayed Abeer El-Dessouki
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting up to 1% of the population worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether miRNA-146a rs2910164, miRNA-499 rs3746444, IRAK1 rs3027898 and PADI4 rs1748033 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to RA in Egyptians and whether they influence disease severity and activity. Methods: The study was performed on 104 unrelated RA patients and 112 healthy subjects. RA patients were further subdivided into active and inactive RA groups. Polymorphisms were genotyped by using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Results: Significant differences in the frequency of miRNA-146a rs2910164, miRNA-499 rs3746444, IRAK1 rs3027898 and PADI4 rs1748033 alleles and genotypes were observed between RA patients and controls. Only CA and AA genotypes of IRAK1 rs3027898 shows a significant difference between active and inactive subgroups. MiRNA-146a rs2910164 and IRAK1 rs3027898 polymorphisms were a risk factor for predisposition to RA in codominant and dominant tested inheritance models, while, the miRNA-499 rs3746444 and PADI4 rs1748033 polymorphisms were a risk factor in codominant and recessive one. CG and GG genotypes of miRNA-146a rs2910164 were associated with positive erosions. CA genotype of IRAK1 rs3027898 was associated with low disease activity and negative erosions, while, the AA genotype was associated with high disease activity. CC genotype of PADI4 rs1748033 was associated with negative rheumatoid factor. Conclusion: The 4 studied SNPs were likely to play an important role in the susceptibility to RA and can influence disease severity and activity in Egyptian population.
MiR-27b Promotes Muscle Development by Inhibiting MDFI Expression
Authors: Hou Lianjie , Xu Jian , Jiao Yiren , Li Huaqin , Pan Zhicheng , Duan Junli , Gu Ting , Hu Chingyuan , Wang Chong
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Skeletal muscle plays an essential role in the body movement. However, injuries to the skeletal muscle are common. Lifelong maintenance of skeletal muscle function largely depends on preserving the regenerative capacity of muscle. Muscle satellite cells proliferation, differentiation, and myoblast fusion play an important role in muscle regeneration after injury. Therefore, understanding of the mechanisms associated with muscle development during muscle regeneration is essential for devising the alternative treatments for muscle injury in the future. Methods: Edu staining, qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the miR-27b effects on pig muscle satellite cells (PSCs) proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Then, we used bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay to predict and confirm the miR-27b target gene. Finally, we elucidate the target gene function on muscle development in vitro and in vivo through Edu staining, qRT-PCR, western blot, H&E staining and morphological observation. Result: miR-27b inhibits PSCs proliferation and promotes PSCs differentiation. And the miR-27b target gene, MDFI, promotes PSCs proliferation and inhibits PSCs differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, interfering MDFI expression promotes mice muscle regeneration after injury. Conclusion: our results conclude that miR-27b promotes PSCs myogenesis by targeting MDFI. These results expand our understanding of muscle development mechanism in which miRNAs and genes work collaboratively in regulating skeletal muscle development. Furthermore, this finding has implications for obtaining the alternative treatments for patients with the muscle injury.