bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toplum kaynaklı pnömoni tanısı ile yoğun bakıma yatışı yapılan erişkin hastalarda antibiyotik kullanımı ve mortalite oranları
Authors: KUBAT Havva , PINAR Arzu , ŞAHİN EKER Halime Betül , ÖZTOPRAK Saliha
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Pnömoni, sık rastlanan hastalıklar arasında yer almakta, önemli oranda morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yoğun bakım gerektiren toplum kaynaklı pnömoni tanılı tedavi edilebilen ve tedaviye yanıt alınamayan hasta profilini belirleyerek, etkin tedavi protokollerinin oluşturulmasına katkı sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Adana Şehir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde toplum kaynaklı pnömoni tanısı ile yoğun bakıma yatışı yapılan 100 erişkin hastanın dosyaları retrospektif incelenerek veriler kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların %30’u kadın, %70’i erkektir. Hastaların sağkalım oranı %75.0, ölen hastaların yaş ortalaması 74.4±13.5 yıl, iyileşen hastaların yaş ortalaması 66.6±18.2 yıl bulunmuştur. Hastaların %95’inin bir veya birden fazla kronik hastalığının olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Hastaların %59’unda ampirik başlanan antibiyotik tedavisine devam edildiği, %41’inde antibiyotiğin değişik nedenlerden dolayı değiştirildiği, en fazla antibiyotik değiştirilme nedeninin serum C-reaktif protein seviyesindeki artış olduğu gözlenmiştir. Hastaların %31’inde balgam ve aspirat kültür örneklerinde üreme saptanmıştır. Hastaların %81’ine kombine antibiyotik tedavisi, %19’una tekli antibiyotik tedavisi başlanmıştır. Ampirik antibiyotik olarak en fazla seftriakson+moksifloksasin veya levofloksasin kombine tedavisi uygulanmıştır. Hastaların %78’inde bilateral akciğer tutulumu, %39’unda plevral efüzyon geliştiği kaydedilmiştir. Ardışık üç gün ölçülen serum C-reaktif protein düzeylerinde %70 azalma, serum beyaz küre düzeylerinde %67 azalma saptanmıştır. Serum C-reaktif protein ve beyaz küre düzeylerinde azalma saptanan hastalarda mortalite anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p<0.001, p=0.001). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada toplum kaynaklı pnömoni tanılı hastaların klinik ve laboratuar özellikleriyle mortalite ilişkisi incelenmiştir. İleri yaş, kültürde üreme, herhangi bir nedenle ampirik başlanan antibiyotiğin değiştirilmesi, C-reaktif protein ve beyaz küre değerlerinde azalma olmaması, insterstisyel akciğer hastalığının olması pnömonide mortaliteyi arttıran faktörler olarak ortaya konmuştur.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Relasi Fungsi
Authors: Sofinawati Sofinawati , Utami Citra , Prihatiningtyas Nindy Citroresmi
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing dalam meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa pada materi relasi fungsi kelas VIII. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasy Eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Singkawang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Random Sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar angket kemandirian belajar siswa, lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran dan tes kemampuan representasi matematis berupa soal Essay diujicobakan dengan menghitung validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, dan tingkat kesukaran. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji N-gain, uji t, dan persentase deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) terdapat peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa terhadap model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing pada materi Relasi Fungsi yang dibuktikan dengan nilai N-Gain 0,47 kriteria sedang, (2) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa antara kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing dan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pembelajaran langsung dibuktikan dengan nilai t-test sampel independen sebesar 2,781 > t-tabel sebesar 2,021, (3) kemandirian belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Singkawang tercapai pada model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis siswa dengan kriteria baik, (4) keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing tercapai yang dibuktikan dengan hasil observasi dari 2 kali pertemuan dengan kriteria sangat baik.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Siswa pada Materi Pythagoras
Authors: Rohmani Dwi , Rosmaiyadi Rosmaiyadi , Husna Nurul
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent, field independent, dan faktor penyebab pada materi pythagoras. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen berupa GEFT dan tes uraian yang telah diuji menggunakan validasi isi, validasi konstruk, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, dan tingkat kesukaran. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data berupa penskoran, penyajian data berupa pendeskripsian dan wawancara, serta menarik kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent kelompok tinggi berkategori baik, siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent kelompok sedang dan kelompok rendah berkategori kurang baik pada tahap-tahap indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah, sedangkan pada kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan gaya kognitif field independent tidak ditemukan hasil penelitian dikarenakan tidak adanya siswa dengan gaya kognitif field independent di kelas tersebut; (2) faktor internal siswa meliputi ketidakmampuan menemukan konsep, strategi yang tidak tepat, tidak mampu melakukan proses perhitungan dan menyelesaikan masalah, tidak memahami materi dengan baik,  kurang paham terhadap konsep pythagoras, malas, serta tidak teliti, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi, alokasi waktu, kondisi kelas yang ribut, tidak sungguh-sungguh, bermain-main, dan mengobrol, sehingga hasil yang diperoleh kurang maksimal.
CSR Disclosures: Role and Relationship to Accounting Conservatism in Improving Earnings of Quality
Authors: Noor Aspian , Lahaya Ibnu Abni , Kurniawan Indra Suyoto , Najat Shally , Hafidz Syifa Azzahra
Published: August 2021

Several research issues argue, in general, companies that focus and are oriented towards the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It is relative to accounting conservatism to suppress information asymmetry and/or managerial opportunism to provide higher quality earnings information as a reflection of the actual condition of the company. This study was conducted to look at the effect of CSR disclosure on earnings quality by adding accounting conservatism as a mediating variable. This study uses path analysis techniques in 90 manufacturing companies for an observation period of 4 (four) periods from 2016 to 2019. The results of this study indicate that CSR disclosure influences Accounting Conservatism. Then, CSR affects earnings quality. Furthermore, earnings quality is influenced by accounting conservatism, and finally, CSR disclosure does not affect earnings quality according to accounting conservatism. CSR Disclosure, Accounting Conservatism, Earnings Quality.DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5030
The Effect of Firm Profitability on Expected Stock Return in ASEAN Stock Market
Authors: Clara Nathania , Kim Sung Suk
Published: August 2021

This research discusses and analyzes the company's profitability related to the company's stock return performance Profitability of the firm is related to the firm's performance of stock return. This study uses time-series data with a total sample of 1,010 firms from five countries in ASEAN (Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam) from January 2010 to December 2019. Fama-French 3 factor model based on two different profitability showed that profitability positively affects the stock return in ASEAN markets. Fama-MacBeth's (1973) regression confirms that firm profitability scaled by operating profit-to-equity or operating profit-to-assets positively influences expected stock returns in the ASEAN market.DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5598
Internal Factors Affecting Commercial Bank Lending: Symmetric and Asymmetric Effects of Macro-Level Data Evidence
Authors: Arintoko Arintoko
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to estimate the symmetric and asymmetric effects of internal factors on bank lending measured by loan to deposit ratio (LDR). The analysis model applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL models. The data analyzed are monthly time series and cover the period of 2012M01 – 2020M06. The contribution of this research is the provision of empirical evidence of the asymmetric effect of internal bank performance on bank lending at the macro-level data. The results show that the non-performing loan (NPL) is a consistent and robust variable that has a negative effect on bank lending both in the short and long run, both symmetrically and asymmetrically. The capital adequacy ratio (CAR) positively affects bank lending when it decreases in the long run. Operating expense to operating income (OEOI) has a negative effect only in the short run, assuming symmetric and asymmetric effects. The liquid assets ratio (LAR) has a negative effect on bank lending when it increases both in the short and long run. The banking supervisory agency needs to consistently supervise and enforce regulations effectively related to bank soundness, especially those concerning increasing performing loans, strengthening the capital structure, and improving efficiency.DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5760
The Impact of Founder’s Financial Behavior Traits and Literacy on SMEs Performance: Empirical Evidence from SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Gusman Nakita , Soekarno Subiakto , Mirzanti Isti Raafaldini
Published: August 2021

This research focuses on the SMEs development evaluation of the impact of founder’s financial behavior, measured by behavioral characteristics of CEOs capacity for self-awareness, planning, and patience, also their knowledge about financial understanding which affect the ability to manage their performance of SMEs. The purpose of this research is to analyze and reduce the rate of failure of SMEs in Indonesia by pursuing the defined determinants from their behavioral traits and self-knowledge on financial understanding in decision making. This study uses a survey conducted across Indonesia, mainly on Java island, with the sample size of 482 SMEs. This research uses multivariate regression analysis as a tool for measuring the impact of founder’s financial behavior variables and financial literacy variable for SMEs performance as a dependent variable. DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5142
Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infections among household and other close contacts of confirmed cases, the Netherlands, February to May 2021
Authors: de Gier Brechje , Andeweg Stijn , Joosten Rosa , ter Schegget Ronald , Smorenburg Naomi , van de Kassteele Jan ,   RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team 1,, Hahné Susan JM , van den Hof Susan , de Melker Hester E , Knol Mirjam J
Published: August 2021

Several studies report high effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease, however an important knowledge gap is the vaccine effectiveness against transmission (VET). We present estimates of the VET to household and other close contacts in the Netherlands, from February to May 2021, using contact monitoring data. The secondary attack rate among household contacts was lower for fully vaccinated than unvaccinated index cases (11% vs 31%), with an adjusted VET of 71% (95% confidence interval: 63–77).
Quality of wheat grain cultivated in the Ulyanovsk region
Authors: Mudarisov Fail Adelshevich , Sadygova Madina Karipullovna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of changes in the quality of soft wheat grain grown in the Ulyanovsk region. The authors studied the quality of commercial batches of wheat grain for 10 years on the example of the elevator of LLC "Procurement", located at the Okhotnaya station in the Ulyanovsk district of the Ulyanovsk region. In the studied samples of wheat grain, the quantity and quality of raw gluten, vitreous, and nature were determined according to generally accepted methods. The authors complain that the grain of wheat of the 3rd class for the last three years in the total volume of harvested wheat, although it is more than 80%, there are no batches of grain of the 1st and 2nd class, which causes the lack of grain of high classes for the formation of grinding mixtures at the mills.
Ecological plasticity and stability of promising varieties of winter soft wheat in the Northern Caspian region
Authors: Fedorova Valentina Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of environmental tests of promising varieties of winter soft wheat of various selections in the harsh climatic conditions of the semi-desert zone of the Northern Caspian Sea. Based on the data obtained in different years of moisture availability, the varieties that are characterized not only by high productivity, but also by the ability to form stable yields in specific soil and climatic conditions are identified. The coefficients of adaptability, plasticity, and stress resistance were calculated based on the "yield" indicator. As a result of three-year studies, the most productive and highly ecological adaptations were distinguished by the varieties Berezit and Kamyshanka 2, whose yield over the years of research averaged 1.40 t / ha and 1.18 t / ha, and the coefficient of adaptability was 1.58 and 1.14, respectively. It should be noted that the variety Kamyshanka 2 also had the highest index of resistance to environmental stress factors.
The change in grain yield by rotation of crop rotations of the chernozem steppe of the Lower Volga region
Authors: Azizov Zakiulla Mtyullovich , Arkhipov Vladimir Viktorovich , Imashev Ildar Garifullovich
Published: August 2021

The influence of rotation length and fullness of grain – fallow crop rotations with a different set of biological groups (biogroupps) - winter, early spring and late spring crops on the yield of grain crops and grain yield from 1 hectare (ha) of arable land in the chernozem steppe of the Saratov Right Bank is analyzed, based on calculations for 4-field - 8 rotations, starting from 1989 and ending in 2020 (2-field - 16 rotations, 3-field - 10). It was revealed that the highest grain yield of 1.63 tons (t) from 1 ha of arable land, both on average for 32 years (1989-2020), and (1.82 t / ha) in the first-fourth (1989-2004) and (1.44 t/ha) of the fifth-eighth rotations (2005-2020), is observed in the 4-field grain – fallow crop rotation with a set of biogroupps-winter, spring early and late. The absence of a field of spring late crop (millet) in the 2 - and 3-field crop rotations reduces the grain yield by 0.11 and 0.30 t/ha, respectively, in comparison with the 4-field, both on average for all years, and by 0.22 and 0.28 t/ha in the first-fourth and by 0.20 and 0.32 t/ha in the fifth-eighth rotations. During the transition from the first-fourth rotation to the fifth-eighth, a significant decrease in the yield of field crops was established: winter wheat in the 3-field crop rotation by 0.87 t/ha or 26.6 %, 2-field by 0.72 t/ha or 22.4% and 4-field by 0.70 t/ha or 21.8 %; millet by 0.43 t/ha or 16.3 %, spring hard by 0.40 t/ha or 29.6 %, soft by 0.35 t/ha or 24.6 %. In all three spring crops, the yield reduction is 2.0 times lower than that of winter wheat. In general, according to crop rotations, the yield of winter wheat, both for the entire period of research, and in the first-fourth, fifth-eighth rotation, fluctuated within limited of the error of the experiment.
Migration of trace elements in the body of sheep in the biogeochemical conditions of the Astrakhan region
Authors: Akhmed Mahmud Abdelhamid Mahmud , Zakharkina Natalya Ivanovna , Pudovkin Nikolay Alexandrovich , Shcherbakova Elena Nikolaevna
Published: August 2021

Trace elements play an important role in stabilizing cellular structures, but in conditions of deficiency, they can cause various diseases. The purpose of this study is to present data from monitoring the biogeochemical situation of pasture ecosystems in southern Russia using the example of the Astrakhan region. The content of trace elements was studied in selected samples of the pasture ecosystem, as well as in organs and tissues of Soviet merino sheep in 30 animals. The concentration of trace elements was determined by the atomic absorption method. It has been established that the soil contains the greatest amount, contains manganese and zinc, and the least contains selenium. The greatest accumulation of selenium occurred in the kidneys and digestive organs, which is associated with the processes of absorption and excretion of the trace element in the body. The concentration of copper in the tissues of the body is unevenly distributed. The lowest concentration of a trace element was found in skeletal muscles and bone tissue; in other organs and tissues, the copper content ranged from 12.7 ± 0.05 to 21.2 ± 0.03 mg / kg. According to the content of cobalt, the studied organs and tissues can be arranged in the following order (in descending order): liver (2.21 ± 0.64 mg / kg) - blood (1.26 ± 0.05 mg / kg) - bone tissue (1, 05 ± 0.05 mg / kg) - wall of the small intestine (0.96 ± 0.04 mg / kg) - wall of the abomasum (0.94 ± 0.06 mg / kg) - lungs (0.73 ± 0.004 mg / kg) - spleen (0.70 ± 0.02 mg / kg) - kidneys (0.641 ± 0.03 mg / kg) - muscles (0.05 ± 0.003 mg / kg). A high concentration of manganese is found in bone tissue. In the rest of the studied organs and tissues, the concentration of magnesium ranged from 21.6 ± 1.13 to 48.5 ± 3.13 mg / kg. The largest amount in the body, of all the studied trace elements, contains zinc. The maximum zinc content was determined in the bone tissue and the wall of the abomasum - 165.1 ± 8.6 and 122.0 ± 8.74 mg / kg, respectively, and the lowest - in the blood and spleen - 32.5 ± 2.1 and 38.2 ± 3.21 mg / kg, respectively. The lowest concentration of iodine was found in the spleen and muscles; in the remaining studied tissues and organs, the content of the trace element ranged from 0.22 ± 0.024 to 0.31 ± 0.07 mg / kg.
Substantiation of the technology of cavitation massage of pork meat delicates
Authors: Ganenko Sergey Vladimirovich , Garipov Maxim Kasimovich , Popova Svetlana Yurevna
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the methodology and results of experimental studies to determine the optimal modes of cavitation massaging of meat delicacies from pork. It is established that the use of this technology will significantly improve both the technological properties of raw meat for the production of delicacies, and the consumer properties of finished products: looseness of meat fibers, improved juiciness and tenderness of meat, high moisture-binding and water-retaining ability and, as a result, a greater yield of finished products. Based on the research results, the optimal parameters of cavitation massaging were determined.
Assessment of fire hazard of livestock complexes on the content of cattle on the basis of fire risk calculations
Authors: Savelyev Anatoly Petrovich , Shkrabak Vladimir Stepanovich , Glotov Sergey Viktorovich , Shkrabak Roman Vladimirovich , Chugunov Mikhail Nikolaevich , Enaleeva Svetlana Anatolievna
Published: August 2021

The conducted research has established that a necessary condition for ensuring fire safety is the fulfillment of the fire safety requirements provided for by the technical regulations adopted in accordance with the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation". This risk-based approach reduces the cost of fire safety.
Economic-biological assessment of the tomato depending on the mass of the fruit, ripeness, type and height of the plant
Authors: Velizhanov Nizami Meylanovich , Magomedmirzoeva Ramida Gusenovna
Published: August 2021

As a result of our studies of inter-grade and remote hybridization, tomato lines have been obtained, combining heat-resistantness with high productivity and valuable biochemical indicators of fruit quality. Pure linear constant forms L121/3, L116/2, L132/1, PL 3/09, which are in station sortation, have been created. They are drought-tolerant and heat-resistant. Interphase periods are persistent. All this allows one to identify and group them on the terms of maturation in the climatic conditions of low-lying regions of the republic. These hybrids are highly productive, standard, ratio of minimum and maximum weight of fruits within 1:1.3 (the difference of fruit mass on plants in large-fruited is 12-16g, and the commodity yield is 92-96%).
Efficiency of using the formula of feed additives based on local raw materials for heifers in the conditions of Yakutia
Authors: Borisova Paraskovya Prokopievna , Nikolaeva Natalia Afanasievna , Alekseeva Nurgustana Mikhailovna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of experience in using the formulation of feed additives based on local raw materials for heifers. The positive effect of using the formulation of feed additives from local raw materials in the diets of heifers on the digestibility and absorption of nutrients has been proven. Full-fledged feeding of Simmental heifers, using the recipe for feed additives No. 1, ensured normal development and made it possible to increase the digestibility of feed nutrients. The digestibility of dry matter ranged from 67.01 to 72.08%, crude protein - from 50.28 to 60.61%, fiber - from 60.22 to 64.22%. Good absorption of calcium and phosphorus was noted in all groups. The features of feed consumption, feed digestibility and energy use of Simmental heifers have been studied. Thus, the experimental animals of the control group consumed gross energy less by 3.0 and 3.5 MJ, and also digested less energy by 0.3 and 2.6 MJ with the same digestibility. In this regard, with comparatively equal energy losses, the yield of exchangeable energy in heifers of the I-experimental group was higher by 2.8 and 3.3 MJ in comparison with their peers. This indicates a more intensive energy exchange in heifers of the I-experimental group, which contributed to the absorption of nutrients and the containment of microbiological imbalances.
Application of a feed additive based on humic acids in the diet of dairy cattle
Authors: Valitov Haidar  Zufarovich , Frolkin Andrey Ivanovich , Zabelina Margarita Vasilyevna , Kornilova Valentina Anatolievna
Published: August 2021

The effect of the feed additive based on humic acids "Reasil® Humic Vet" on the body of lactating cows has been studied. It has been shown that in the process of lactation, the intensity of metabolic processes increases, as evidenced by the blood counts of cows in the experimental group that were fed with "Reasil® Humic Vet". The content of hemoglobin was higher by 5.5%, erythrocytes - by 6.6%, alkaline reserve - by 5.2% (P <0.05). Animals make better use of dietary nutrients, which are efficiently converted into products. The coefficient of constancy of lactation in cows of the experimental group was 85.4, which is 3.6 points higher than in the control. The feed additive had a positive effect on the prevention of inflammatory processes in the udder of dairy cows. In the experimental group of four cows with mastitis, three of them were recovered. It has been established that the optimal dosage of humic acids in the diets of lactating cows is 1.5 ml of 10% Reasil® Humic Vet solution per 10 kg of live weight.
Influence of non-traditional feed additives on the milk productivity of goats in Yakutia
Authors: Grigoriev Mikhail Fedoseevich , Grigorieva Aleksandra Ivanovna , Chernogradskaya Nataliya Matveevna , Stepanova Svetlana Innokentievna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of a study to determine the effectiveness of non-traditional feed additives on the milk productivity of goats in the conditions of Yakutia. Research into 3 groups of lactating goats divided into control and two experimental groups. In the study of animal diets, a deficiency was found for some elements, such as copper, iodine and cobalt. With the inclusion of non-traditional feed additives in the diets of goats, it was possible to increase the average daily milk yield by 13.38 % and 23.57 % (P>0.95), milk yield per experiment by 13.38 and 23.57 % (P>0.95). The qualitative composition of milk improved, fat increased by 0.06% and 0.09%, milk protein increased by 0.02% and 0.04%. Analysis of the data on milk productivity of experimental goats that the inclusion of non-traditional feed additives in the diets of animals shows an increase in milk yield and milk quality (an increase in the level of milk fat and protein). At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, the clinical parameters of the organism of the animals were studied. It was found that the inclusion of non-traditional feed additives in the ration of lactating goats did not have a negative effect. All clinical indicators of the experimental animals did not go beyond the norm. Thus, the use of non-traditional feed additives in the feeding of lactating goats improves the indicators of milk productivity, does not affect the clinical indicators of the organism. In this regard, the use of non-traditional feed additives in feeding lactating goats under conditions Yakutia is promising and has practical significance.
Microflora of the contents of the uterus of cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis and its sensitivity to antibacterial preparations
Authors: Semivolos Aleksander Mephodyevich , Agoltsov Valeriy Aleksandrovich , Bryukhanova Anastasiya Andreevna
Published: August 2021

The microbiome of the uterus of cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis is represented by Streptococcus faecium, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus vulgaris. Conditionally pathogenic microflora was predominant. Of all the tested praparations (Geomytsin, Enroflon, Mitrek), the highest zone of growth inhibition to most of the isolated microflora isolates was noted in the preparation Mitrek. The growth inhibition zone in Proteus vulgaris was 28.22 ± 2.37 mm, Staphylococcus aureus - 26.34 ± 1.34 mm, Streptococcus faecium - 33.0 ± 2.13 mm, Escherichia coli - 25.52 ± 1.55 mm, Citrobacter freundii - 21.4 ± 0.00 mm, Staphylococcus pyogenes - 19.09 ± 0.66 mm.
Drive power of the rotary orienting device
Authors: Ovtov Vladimir Alexandrovich , Chirkova Natalya Sergeevna , Mitin Konstantin Mikhaylovich , Tsurenko Pavel Denisovich
Published: August 2021

The article presents the drive scheme of the rotary orienting device of the machine for planting sugar beet root crops. The design of a rotary orienting device is considered and its operation is described. The power parameters of the drive are determined to ensure reliable operation of the rotary orienting device of the landing apparatus.
Incidentes críticos de la participación en el aula: explorando la voz de estudiantes del programa de integración escolar
Authors: Figueroa-Céspedes Ignacio , Arévalo-Aróstica Nataly , Yáñez-Urbina Cristopher , Muñoz-Abarca Fernanda
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo describe y analiza los incidentes críticos reportados por 24 estudiantes de séptimo básico a tercero medio, pertenecientes a programas de integración de escuelas en situación de vulnerabilidad de Santiago y La Serena, Chile. Es una investigación cualitativa de diseño narrativo y de alcance descriptivo. La información se recogió a través de pautas de incidentes críticos, dibujos y entrevistas semiestructuradas; para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizó un análisis temático. Los resultados muestran incidentes asociados a desconsideración docente, exclusión territorial, prácticas no diversificadas y disputas entre estudiantes, generando emociones como rabia, vergüenza y tristeza.
Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and clinical applications of traditional medicinal plants as memory booster
Authors: Bhushan R. Gudalwar  , Wrushali A. Panchale  , Jagdish V. Manwar  , Minakshee G. Nimbalwar  , Neha A. Badukale  , Ravindra L. Bakal
Published: August 2021

There are varieties of traditional medicinal plants widely used for boosting of memory. These plants include Bacopa monnieri, Rhodiola rosea, Ginkgo biloba, Withania somnifera, etc. Memory boosting effect of such plants is solely attributed to their active phytoconstituents. These constituents are also referred to as smart drugs. These are capable of crossing blood brain barriers. They also enhance the cognitive performance in the brain by acting on memory to make it much alert and focused. They are having memory boosting properties to boost the coordination between the neurons and brain. In present paper, attempts were made to cover pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and clinical applications of traditional medicinal plants as memory booster.
The prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis on female patients of child-bearing age at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Henrrietta Ogadimma Asuzu-Samuel
Published: August 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most commonly diagnosed systemic inflammatory disease that can affect multiple joints of the body. RA affects women 2-3 times more than men. Pregnancy has been reported to have an ameliorating effect on the course of existing RA and the flare-up of disease activity in the postpartum period. This study was carried out on two hundred and forty (240) female patients of child bearing age after obtaining an ethical approval from the Ethical Committee of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. 5ml of blood samples were drawn from the ante-cubital fossa of each woman with 5ml syringe and needle, between 8am to 11am each day. The samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis. The Latex Slide Test kit used for the serological analysis contains both the positive and negative control. The result obtained was compared with both the positive and negative control. Twelve (12) of the samples tested positive for the Rheumatoid Factor during the qualitative analysis, while the remaining two hundred and twenty-eight (228) tested negative. All positive results from the qualitative analysis tested positive when the test control was carried out, likewise the negative results which were all negative for the test control. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in female patients of child bearing age for this study was calculated to be 5% which was 4% higher than the world prevalence, estimated to be 1%. The relevance of this study was to ascertain the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in female patients of child bearing age, which would serve as a useful tool in other rheumatoid arthritis prevalence studies that could be directed towards a better understanding of the flare of the disease and for the development of a more effective preventive and curative therapy.
Modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of hyperplastic endometrial processes
Authors: Benyuk V.O. , Goncharenko V.M. , Kravchenko Yu.V. , Kalenska O.V. , Astaneg Niki Abedi
Published: August 2021

The article presents modern approaches to the etiology, classification and pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplastic processes. Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, representing an urgent medical and social problem, which is due to the peculiarities of the clinical manifestation of the disease (uterine bleeding), reduced reproductive potential, high recurrence rate, limited conservative treatment of this pathology in pre- and postmenopausal women, due to concomitant extragenital diseases and a high risk of malignancy.On the basis of new criteria of pathomorphological diagnostics, drawing parallels with the accumulated experience and clinical data, the immunohistochemical profile for each histotype of hyperplastic process of endometrium is created, certain diagnostic determinants are defined. Namely, simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia are characterized by imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis, manifested in moderate activation of the intratissue APUD system, lack of activation of proapoptotic protein p53, increased levels of antiapoptotic protein 2. Atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia (simple and complex) are characterized by expression in the epithelial component of the proapoptotic protein p53, an increase in the level of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in 2-2.5 times, expressed by activation of the intratissue APUD system.
Effects of mechanical thinning on botrytis bunch rot on Sauvignon blanc wine grapes
Authors: Mundy Dion C. , Trought Michael C.T. , McLachlan Andrew R.G. , Neal Susan M. , Pecchenino Dominic
Published: August 2021

Mechanical fruit thinning could be a practical and cost-effective alternative to hand thinning of Sauvignon blanc grapes to increase quality by reducing yield. Botrytis bunch rot, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is the main seasonal disease risk for grapes grown in New Zealand but it is unknown if this disease is exacerbated by mechanical rather than manual thinning of the vines. It was hypothesised that the damage caused by mechanical thinning would result in more disease or increase disease pressure than hand thinning or no thinning. Botrytis bunch rot was determined in the field at harvest following mechanical thinning in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 seasons compared with an un-thinned control. In the 2011 season, possible mechanisms that may have influenced disease severity were investigated. The parameters investigated were: bunch openness; berry susceptibility to infection; and percentage of bunch debris infected with Botrytis cinerea. Mechanical thinning resulted in the same or lower observed disease severity compared with the un-thinned control in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 seasons while reducing yield as desired. In all seasons, both heavy and light machine thinning treatments reduced incidence of botrytis compared to the un-thinned control and the heavy machine treatment always reduced disease severity compared to the un-thinned control. Berry susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea was a complex interaction between various factors. Heavy machine thinned berries without wounding and inoculation were significantly less susceptible than the un-thinned control. Further investigation will be required to determine if the significant differences observed in berry susceptibility to infection and total infected bunch debris per bunch can be correlated with observed field disease levels.
Islamic Law Politics in The Contemporary Era (Revealing The Struggle for The Positivization of Islamic Law in Indonesia)
Authors: Muhazir Muhazir
Published: August 2021

This paper will discuss the politics of Islamic law until now, which still leaves debates between pros and cons parties, this debate is based on differences in views between secular Islamic groups and traditionalists, plus global political conditions increasingly influence the direction of Indonesian government legal policies. Library research is the method used in this paper, the legal policy approach and statute approach are used to analyze data found in various literature. The results of this study indicate that the struggle for the positivists of Islamic law in Indonesia is still reaping polemics, these polemics are based on three things; first, differences in understanding of the relationship between religion and state; second, the contemporary Indonesian political system is influenced by western politics; third, liberalism and communism have helped to hinder the positivists process of Islamic law in Indonesia

Tulisan ini akan mendiskusikan tentang politik hukum Islam hingga saat ini yang masih menyisakan perdebatan antara pihak pro dan kontra, perdebatan ini didasari oleh perbedaan pandangan antara kelompok Islam sekuler dan Islam tradisionalis, ditambahkan lagi dengan kondisi politik global semakin mempengaruhi arah kebijakan hukum pemerintah Indonesia. Library research merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini, pendekatan legal policy dan statute approach digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang ditemukan dalam berbagai literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pergulatan positivisasi hukum Islam di Indonesia masih menuai polemik, polemik tersebut didasari oleh tiga hal; pertama, perbedaan pemahaman tentang hubungan antara agama dan negara; kedua, sistem politik indonesia masa kontemporer dipengaruhi oleh politik barat; ketiga, paham liberalisme dan komunisme turut menghambat proses positivisasi hukum Islam di Indonesia 
Kata Kunci: Politik, Hukum Islam, Positivisasi
Mediation Effectiveness in Sharia Economic Dispute Settlement: Phenomenology in Bukittinggi Religious Court
Authors: Hayati Riska Fauziah , Busyro Busyro , Bustamar Bustamar
Published: August 2021

The main problem in this paper is how the effectiveness of mediation in sharia economic dispute resolution based on PERMA No. 1 of 2016 at the Bukittinggi Religious Court, and what are the inhibiting factors success of mediation. To answer this question, the author uses an inductive and deductive analysis framework regarding the law effectiveness theory of Lawrence M. Friedman. This paper finds that mediation in sharia economic dispute resolution at the Bukittinggi Religious Court from 2016 to 2019 has not been effective. The ineffectiveness is caused by several factors that influence it: First, in terms of legal substance, PERMA No.1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts still lacks in addressing the problems of the growing community. Second, in terms of legal structure, there are no judges who have mediator certificates. Third, the legal facilities and infrastructure at the Bukittinggi Religious Court have supported mediation. Fourth, in terms of legal culture, there are still many people who are not aware of the law and do not understand mediation well, so they consider mediation to be unimportant. 

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang bagaimana efektivitas mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah berdasarkan PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi dan apa saja yang menjadi faktor penghambat keberhasilan mediasi. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan kerangka analisa induktif dan deduktif dengan mengacu pada teori efektivitas hukum Lawrence M. Friedman. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi dari tahun 2016 sampai 2019 belum efektif. Hal ini karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor.  Pertama, dari segi substansi hukum, yaitu PERMA No. 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan masih memiliki kekurangan dalam menjawab persoalan masyarakat yang terus berkembang. Kedua, dari segi struktur hukum, belum adanya hakim yang memiliki sertifikat mediator. Ketiga, sarana dan prasarana hukum di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi sudah mendukung mediasi. Keempat, dari segi budaya hukum, masih banyaknya masyarakat yang tidak sadar hukum dan tidak mengerti persoalan mediasi dengan baik, sehingga menganggap mediasi tidak penting.
Indonesia’s African Foreign Policy Shift under President Jokowi
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Dorigné-Thomson Christophe
Published: August 2021

Under President Jokowi’s leadership, Indonesia seems to have made Africa a foreign policy priority. Previously bounded by Bandung romanticism and lacking understanding on the contemporary strategic importance of Africa, Indonesia finally launched its own Africa+1 forum in April 2018 in Bali, the Indonesia Africa Forum (IAF), following an economic diplomacy framework and will to do business with Africa. For Jokowi, Bandung should be leveraged to mean business. Indonesia had previously struggled to institutionalize Asia-Africa intercontinental multilateralism through the New Africa-Asia Strategic Partnership (NAASP) launched during the 2005 Asia Africa Summit in Jakarta organized to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Bandung Conference; while other major Asian powers such as Japan, China, Malaysia, India or South Korea developed their own political, economic and cultural platforms with African countries. Closing a clear research gap, this original study allows a better comprehension of this foreign policy shift and of Indonesia's contemporary foreign policy towards Africa within Global Africa Studies. For more pragmatism and flexibility, this qualitative research, notably based on in-depth interviews with Indonesian and African diplomats, uses an eclectic analysis allowing a holistic approach combining levels of analysis and types of factors; thus increasing explanatory power.
The Ripple Effect of Civic Education Empowerment: Unravelling the Pillars of Good Citizenship
Authors:   Saint Louis University, Philippines, Castillo Buddy Melchor , Domogen Franz Willard L. , Alforque Jomar , Ayson Gemma D. , Leaño Ace Kevin E. , Mauricio Krisha Leigh D. , Abrajano Noe D. , Abbugao Penelope M. , Antolin Lei Anne Joyce P. , Bascon Bien Alvie D.
Published: August 2021

Discourse on pivotal current issues through and in education is the best approach to promote civic engagement and meaningful political participation among the youth. In this paper, the benefits of civic education empowerment from among Grade 12 students of Sablan National High School was explored. The essence of civic education empowerment has three main goals: political knowledge and understanding, democratic attitudes, and a readiness for democratic political action. Schools play an important role in catalyzing increased civic engagement; they can do this by enabling the youth to develop and practice the knowledge, beliefs, and behaviours needed to participate in civic life. The ripple effect of civic education empowerment is manifested in the relevant learning experiences obtained by the participants in terms of their civic knowledge and civic skills. As to how these civic knowledge and civic skills enhance their civic dispositions and participation, it is evident that participant-respondents assimilated the necessary civic knowledge for an informed choice which reflects their civic dispositions in the formulation of their standards for suffrage. Civic knowledge, civic skills, and civic dispositions and participation constitute the core elements of an informed and active citizenship.
Study on the Usability of Online Test Websites
Authors:   National University of Tainan (Taiwan), Chen Yen Tzu , Liu Che Hung , Chen Ho Ming
Published: August 2021

Online test websites can provide a more convenient and efficient dynamic learning approach and personalized learning services, which is one of the important approaches to digital learning. However, the usability of online test websites affects users’ learning efficacy. This study explored the impact of the usability of online test websites on users, and the results can help website operators seeking to improve the websites’ usability. Based on the relevant literature, this study synthesized three major metrics of the usability of online test websites and summarized typical work priorities of such websites to design usability test items. The study considered one online test website: A Remedial Education Institution for Learners to Take Civil Service Examination. The results show that, with respect to usability, the website still has quite a few deficiencies that affect users’ effectiveness and efficiency when using the website and cause users to be less satisfied with the website. Based on these results, this study offered four specific recommendations for improving effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in terms of the usability of the online test website: enhancing interaction and instructions, following the inertia of interface use, simplifying information organization, and diversifying information content.
The Investigation of Social Studies Prospective Teachers’ Environmental Education Self-Efficacy in Terms of Various Variables
Authors:   The University of Afyon Kocatepe (Turkey), The University of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman (Turkey), KAYA Mehmet Tamer , GÖKDEMİR Abdullah , YAZICI Hakkı
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate prospective teachers' environmental education self-efficacy in terms of various variables. Survey method was applied in the study, and the data were collected in the 2015-2016 academic year. The study group of the paper consisted of 172 prospective teachers from each grade level who are studying in Social Studies Department, Faculty of Education, Afyon Kocatepe University. The data of the study were collected with the environmental education self-efficacy scale developed by Özdemir, Aydın and Akar-Vural. (2009). The 5-point Likert scale consisted of 15 items and had four sub-dimensions. As a result of the analyses, it was concluded that prospective teachers' self-efficacy perceptions of environmental education were moderate and prospective teachers' self-efficacy perception levels did not show a significant difference according to gender and grade level variables.
Examination of Patience Tendency Levels of University Students: An Intercultural Comparison
Authors:   Kyrgyzstan Turkey Manas University, Kyrgyzstan, Gul Yavuz Ercan
Published: August 2021

In this research, it was aimed to interculturally research the value of patience with the data obtained from the students who participated in the study from two different countries. The research was designed as a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. Accordingly, the Traditional Screening Technique based on quantitative data and the Phenomenological Technique based on qualitative data were used together in the research. In this study, the patience levels of university students were generally calculated high. The patience levels of Turkish students were discovered to be lower than those of Kyrgyz students. According to the results of the interviews, there are differences in Turkish and Kyrgyz students' understanding of patience. It is seen that Turkish students attribute the value of patience to religion, believing that patience is transferred to Turks from religion, while Kyrgyz students associate patience with their cultural traditions. It is thought that this study will contribute to values and character education, especially to the literature on patience. The relationship and differences between the patience levels of university students and different variables and their effects on each other can be researched. Programs can be developed to increase the patience levels of university students.
Exploring the Grieving Process and Coping Strategies of Meranao Mothers over their Children’s Death
Authors:   MSU Marawi City, Philippines, Magintao Norlaila P. , Guimba Wardah D. , Tamano Roseniya G. , Sequete, Jr. Fernando R. , Nalla Adelyn S. , Mojica Cherrilyn N.
Published: August 2021

Death of one’s child is an unfathomable painful situation that a mother may feel. While literature reports different coping strategies across cultures, there has no research yet that explored the grieving process that Meranao mothers go through when they lost a child. Hence, this study explored the grieving process of the bereaved Meranao mothers from the Southern Philippines over the loss of their children and the strategies they used to cope with the feelings of grief. The study was conducted at different barangays located in Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines. The participants lost children with age range of 18-30 years old. It was discovered that these bereaved mothers ask several questions to themselves emerging after the death of their children. Nonetheless, it was found that after the mothers had worked through their grief brought by their child’s death, they were able to restore their life and become stronger and resilient individuals. This paper concludes that bereaved mothers go through a tedious journey wherein the existence of pain, longing, sadness, guilt and anger were felt, but these emotions only strengthen them as mothers.