bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The oscillations of charged particle beam in crossed magnetic fields
Authors: Bulygin A.M.
Published: January 2020

In the present paper we are going to study the decrease of the velocity and density oscillations of the beam in the non-relativistic charged particle beams in the chosen configuration of the crossed field. This paper examines using a hydrodynamic approach and the Maxwell’s processes inside the cold beam. Results show that in the framework of the present model one can obtain physical conditions when it is possible to observe the cooling effect for the charged particle beam.
Mechanisms of formation of the structure of welded joints, performed by friction stir welding
Authors: Rzaev R A , Alykova O M , Smirnov V V , Kanavin A P , Zavestovskaya I N
Published: January 2020

The analysis of welded joints of structural materials is carried out. As a result of this, in addition to the traditionally formed zone of thermal influence (HAZ), a zone of thermal deformation influence is formed in the near-seam zone, located between the welded nugget and the HAZ. The welded nugget joints in FSW is formed in the regime of structural superplasticity (SP). The structure of the welded nugget has a sheared band structure in the form of an "onion pattern" consisting of a large number of lamellas forming shear bands under the influence of a movable welding tool. The attainment of the superplastic state (SPS) during the formation of the welded nugget is ensured by the stepwise flow of various mechanisms of plastic deformation in the regime of simple, collective, anomalous dynamic recrystallization, prepared by dynamic return processes, polygonization with transition to postdynamic recrystallization by the mechanisms of Bailey- Hirsch, Kahn-Burgers-Taylor. For the group of metals and alloys with polyformism (high-alloy steels of different structural classes, Ti- alloys), SPS is supported additionally by recrystallization by twinning (copper, austenitic steel and other structural classes, Ti and its alloys) and as a result of phase transformations of alpha-gamma or alpha-beta phases).
The Percolation Model of the Structure of the Polymer Nanocomposite, Containing the Carbon Nanotubes, with the Orient Factor Availability
Authors: Bokov K A , Buzmakova M M
Published: January 2020

The percolation lattice model of the structure of the polymer thin film, containing the carbon nanotubes, with the orient factor availability is proposed in this paper. From the model: the polymer matrix is the square lattice with linear size L; the carbon nanotubes are k-meres (k consecutive occupied nodes of the lattice); the interphase regions are nodes of the bond between k-meres. Also where is the orient factor for the carbon nanotubes in the form of the electric current, flowing in one direct during the structure formation of the nanocomposite. For the modeling the periodic boundary conditions are used. For the model the percolation threshold values are obtained for two cases: for the uniform distribution of the k-meres on the square lattice and for the unidirectional k-meres on the square lattice. According to the made natural experiments [1], the linear orientation in the field of electric current force is possible at the small concentration of nanotubes. In the model it is supposed, during the consolidation all nanotubes manage to be developed and get the identical direction.
Thermo-elastic stress in high-power laser bars
Authors: Bezotosnyi V V , Gordeev V P , Oleshchenko V A
Published: January 2020

This article presents the results of three-dimensional modeling of thermo-elastic stresses arising during the operation of a powerful laser diode bars mounted on a CuW thermal compensator using AuSn soldering alloy in a wide range of thermal loads up to extreme values. Calculated distributions of thermo-elastic stresses at the output and highly reflective mirror of the laser bar is compared. An interpretation of the results obtained, in particular, higher values of thermo-elastic stresses on a less hot highly reflective mirror, in comparison with a hotter output mirror, is proposed.
The influence of chemical structure of phosphonic acids labeled with gallium-68 on their pharmacokinetic properties in animals
Authors: Petriev V M , Tishchenko V K , Mikhailovskaya A A , Stepchenkova E D , Kuzenkova K A , Postnov A A , Zavestovskaya I N
Published: January 2020

68 Ga-labeled phosphonates are of great interest due to their possibility to serve promising agents in nuclear medicine for bone tissue PET imaging. It is known that multidentate aminophosphonate ligands could form much stable chelates with different radiometals as compared to diphosphonates. In this work we studied the pharmacokinetic properties of 68Ga-labeled complexes with two, four and five phosphonate groups (68Ga-HEDP, 68Ga-EDTMP, and 68Ga-DTPMP, respectively) in normal Wistar rats after intravenous administration. It was shown that the structure of phosphonates had a great influence on the biodistribution of 68Ga-HEDP, 68Ga-EDTMP, and 68Ga-DTPMP. Complexes with higher number of aminomethylenephosphonate groups (68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DTPMP) had higher bone uptake than diphosphonate 68Ga-HEDP. In blood 68Ga-HEDP had lower activity than 68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DTPMP, indicating poor stability of diphosphonate-based complex. In other soft organs and tissues 68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DTPMP uptake was slightly lower as compared with 68Ga-HEDP. In conclusion, 68Ga-EDTMP and 68Ga-DTPMP have the potential to be suitable radiotracers for bone tissue PET imaging.
Preliminary biological evaluation of 99mTc-glucosamine as a potential radiotracer for tumor imaging
Authors: Tishchenko V K , Petriev V M , Mikhailovskaya A.A. , Smoryzanova O.A. , Ivanov S A , Kaprin A D
Published: January 2020

The development of novel specific radiolabeled probes as targeted imaging agents for a more accurate detection of cancer has gained considerable interest. Glucose analogue 18F-FDG is used worldwide for imaging of several cancer types. New glucose analogs radiolabeled with 99mTc could be a less-expensive and more accessible alternative for diagnosis using SPECT imaging. The complex of glucosamine and 99mTc were prepared, and its biodistribution was evaluated in solid Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice. 99mTc-glucosamine was synthesized and radiolabeled with 99mTc with high yield and stability. Biodistribution studies showed that tumor uptake of 99mTc-glucosamine increased from 0.44±0.06 %ID/g at 5 min postinjection (p.i.) to 0.54±0.06 %ID/g and 0.64±0.07 %ID/g at 1 h and 3 h p.i., respectively. The tumor/blood and tumor/muscle ratios also increased with time and reached 1.02±0.12 and 1.88±0.20 at 3 h p.i. 99mTc-glucosamine was rapidly removed from blood through the urinary system, so high amount of activity accumulated in kidneys. High uptake of 99mTc-glucosamine was also observed in two high-energy-dependent organs, heart and liver. In other organs such as lungs, spleen, stomach, small intestine and brain high uptake of 99mTc-glucosamine was only at 5 min after intravenous administration, but later the most part of activity was removed. In conclusion, we suggested that 99mTc-glucosamine would be a promising candidate for cancer SPECT imaging.
Personal empathy and social-psychological climate as factors of learning satisfaction in linguistic university students
Authors: Velichkovskaya Sofia , Grebennikova Tatiana
Published: January 2020

The article contemplates on the results of empirical research on personal empathy and social-psychological climate as factors of learning satisfaction in linguistic university students. Data acquired allowed to broaden the concept of social-psychological climate shaping in a study group. They also contributed to raising awareness of empathy skill level in students and the specific features of learning satisfaction in students of different specialties.
Structural-dynamic models of aspirin isomers in the condensed state
Authors: Elkin M D , Smirnov V V , Alykova O M , Alykova A F , Zavestovskaya I N
Published: January 2020

Structural-dynamic models of aspirin are proposed on the basis of non-empirical quantum calculations of geometrical and electronic structure. In this work, the parameters of the adiabatic potential are determined, and the interpretation of the vibrational states of the compound under study is proposed. Structural-dynamic models of its isomers are constructed, the signs of their spectral identification are revealed. The conformational structure of the molecules of the substance under study was analyzed. The choice of the method and the basis for calculating the fundamental vibration frequencies and band intensities in the IR and Raman spectra are substantiated. A method for estimating anharmonic vibrations using cubic and flat force constants is described. The article presents the results of a numerical experiment; the geometrical parameters of the molecules, such as the lengths of the valence bonds and the magnitudes of the angles between them, are determined. The frequencies of the vibrational states and the magnitudes of their integrated intensities are obtained. The interpretation of isomer vibrations is given and compared with the available experimental data. General regularities in the behavior of spectral bands of different isomers are shown. Frequencies that can be used to identify the isomer from the vibrational spectra of molecules are proposed. The calculation was carried out by the DFT/B3LYP density functional quantum method. It is shown that this method can be used to model the geometrical parameters of molecules and the electronic structure of various substituted benzoic acid. It allows to construct structural-dynamic models of the specified class of compounds on the basis of numerical calculations.
The utilization of perspective quantum technologies in biomedicine
Authors: Tarasov P A , Isaev E A , Grigoriev A A , Morgunov A F
Published: January 2020

Currently, there is a widespread introduction of quantum technologies in human activity. The prospects of quantum technologies use for the needs of biomedicine are considered. The necessity of the development of new quantum technologies and methods for organizing the processing and analysis of large biomedical data is substantiated. Opportunities and prospects of using modern quantum computers for the needs of biomedicine are being analyzed. The prospects for the use of quantum sensors in biomedicine are discussed. The possibility of using quantum communication lines in the near future to transmit confidential personalized biomedical information is being considered. Prospects for using quantum dots for the purpose of killing both multidrug-resistant bacteria and cancer cells are discussed.
Prospects for the development of intellectual diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Korenevskaya P. Yu.
Published: January 2020

To date, the world’s pressing problem is the problem of timely diagnosis of cancer, allowing the patient to avoid severe complex treatment, to survive and lead his usual way of life. The article discusses the prospects for the development of intellectual diagnosis of prostate cancer. The final decision on such a diagnosis of the patient is made on the basis of the histological analysis of the tumor tissue preparation. However, at the moment there is a shortage of qualified specialists-pathologists. Hence the need to create training histological diagnosis systems to disseminate the knowledge of specialists, as well as expert systems and intelligent systems to support medical decision-making.

This article considers the project of development of an expert system of histological diagnosis of prostate cancer. This intelligent system will allow experienced histologists to transfer their knowledge to younger specialists. It is assumed that this knowledge will be processed by the system in such a way that doctors will be able to quickly make a decision on the diagnosis of patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging of lungs using fluorinated gas
Authors: Semenova V , Pavlova O , Pirogov Yu
Published: January 2020

Three different pulse sequences (UTE, RARE and FISP) were optimized for 19F-MRI. Coronal slices of respiratory system of laboratory animals (rats) were obtained in 1.5 mm increments and 3D reconstruction of respiratory system of laboratory animals was constructed. For this experiment the animals for 30 minutes breathed with a mixture of fluorinated gas perfluorocyclobutane C4F8 and oxygen in a volume ratio of 70% to 30% using artificial lungs ventilation machine. We showed the possibility to obtain 19F-MRI images of lungs, trachea and bronchi without using breath-holding methods. Such an approach can be especially important for patients with pulmonology diseases (COPD, fibrosis, asthma, etc.). Experiment with a flat wireless coil has shown the possibility of increasing of the intensity of the recorded 19F-NMR signal from the lungs.
Simulation of light scattering and electron energy loss (EELS) by small spatially dispersive plasmonic nanodimers
Authors: Lopushenko Ivan , Zavestovskaya Irina
Published: January 2020

Despite the tremendous progress in the field of nanoplasmonics, complex plasmonic nanostructures such as dimers still present a significant challenge for proper numerical characterization. In particular, for the particles which size is smaller than electron mean free path in metals it is necessary to account for effects of spatial nonlocality in simulations. To address these problems a new mathematical model based on the Discrete Sources Method was developed and corresponding computer model was implemented. It enables one to successfully resolve the problem of accounting for spatial dispersion effects, which is especially important in the systems with very small gap and particle size, and it retains all key features of the Discrete Sources numerical approach including flexibility and a posteriori error estimation. We compute such scattering characteristics as electron energy loss probability and total scattered field intensity of nanodimers as one typically has to rely on methods of both optical and electron spectroscopy to experimentally investigate these structures. The developed model also allows to simultaneously consider several external excitations of the plasmonic system, including both electron and plane wave, in order to obtain more information about the system and to significantly speed up computational performance.
Peculiarities of biomedical applications of silicon nanoparticles (Review)
Authors: Egorova A.M. , Klimentov S.M. , Oleinikov V.A. , Fayzullaeva S. , Karpov N.V. , Zakharkiv A.Yu , Tikhonovsky G.V.
Published: January 2020

The review highlights today directions in biomedical applications of silicon nanoparticles for the tasks of early diagnostics and minimum invasive treatment of cancer. It reveals the important issues related to their biocompatibility, toxicity, biodegradation, functionalization and targeting of drugs carried by porous silicon nanocontainers, making stress on theranostic applications of this novel material.
What is an endangered species?: judgments about acceptable risk
Authors: Offer-Westort Tom , Feltz Adam , Bruskotter Jeremy T , Vucetich John A
Published: January 2020

Judgments about acceptable risk in the context of policy may be influenced by law makers, policy makers, experts and the general public. While significant effort has been made to understand public attitudes on acceptable risk of environmental pollution, little is known about such attitudes in the context of species’ endangerment. We present survey results on these attitudes in the context of United States’ legal-political apparatus intended to mitigate species endangerment. The results suggest that the general public exhibit lower tolerance for risk than policy makers and experts. Results also suggest that attitudes about acceptable risk for species endangerment are importantly influenced by one’s knowledge about the environment and social identity. That result is consistent with notions that risk judgments are a synthesis of facts and values and that knowledge is associated with one’s social identity. We explain the implications of these findings for understanding species endangerment across the planet.
Solar has greater techno-economic resource suitability than wind for replacing coal mining jobs
Authors: Pai Sandeep , Zerriffi Hisham , Jewell Jessica , Pathak Jaivik
Published: January 2020

Coal mining directly employs over 7 million workers and benefits millions more through indirect jobs. However, to meet the 1.5 °C global climate target, coal’s share in global energy supply should decline between 73% and 97% by 2050. But what will happen to coal miners as coal jobs disappear ?Answering this question is necessary to ensure a just transition and to ensure that politically powerful coal mining interests do not impede energy transitions. Some suggest that coal miners can transition to renewable jobs. However, prior research has not investigated the potential for renewable jobs to replace ‘local’ coal mining jobs. Historic analyses of coal industry declines show that coal miners do not migrate when they lose their jobs. By focusing on China, India, the US, and Australia, which represent 70% of global coal production, we investigate: (1) the local solar and wind capacity required in each coal mining area to enable all coal miners to transition to solar/wind jobs; (2) whether there are suitable solar and wind power resources in coal mining areas in order to install solar/wind plants and create those jobs; and (3) the scale of renewables deployment required to transition coal miners in areas suitable for solar/wind power. We find that with the exception of the US, several GWs of solar or wind capacity would be required in each coal mining area to transition all coal miners to solar/wind jobs. Moreover, while solar has more resource suitability than wind in coal mining areas, these resources are not available everywhere. In China, the country with the largest coal mining workforce, only 29% of coal mining areas are suitable for solar power. In all four countries, less than 7% of coal mining areas have suitable wind resources. Further, countries would have to scale-up their current solar capacity significantly to transition coal miners who work in areas suitable for solar development.
Consideration of anthropogenic factors in boreal forest fire regime changes during rapid socio-economic development: case study of forestry districts with increasing burnt area in the Sakha Republic, Russia
Authors: Kirillina Kiunnei , Shvetsov Evgeny G , Protopopova Viktoriya V , Thiesmeyer Lynn , Yan Wanglin
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an original approach to characterizing historical fire regimes for regions with limited fire data. Fire variables were derived from satellite datasets and regional fire occurrence statistics. They defined the integral elements of a fire regime such as historical trends, spatiotemporal evolution, fire seasonality and causes. Temporal evolution was investigated based on a regime shift detection method developed by Rodionov while changes in the fire regime were analyzed for statistical significance using the Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator. A descriptive analysis was performed to assess fire seasonality, causes, and together formed the basis for this methodology. We validated the proposed approach by assessing historical fire activity in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), which is one of the most fire-prone regions of Russia. The assessment was conducted with data from the period of 1996–2018. We detected increases in historical fire activity as well as thresholds of change in the fire regime. Changes during the analysis period included lengthening of fire season, increased burned area extent, and extension of peak fire period. Overall, significant changes in the fire regime were detected in the regions strongly affected by warming and increasing anthropogenic alteration.
Addendum: Nonlinear integral equations for the sausage model (2017 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 50 314005)
Authors: Ahn Changrim , Balog Janos , Ravanini Francesco
Published: January 2020

We complete the derivation of the sausage model NLIE by giving a proof of the crucial relation (3.24) of the original paper based on the analytic properties of Q and .
Climate change-induced challenges to sustainable development in Bangladesh
Authors: Mojid M A
Published: January 2020

Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to the impacts of climate change due to its low-lying deltaic landforms and close proximity to the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, climate change and its consequences are critical hindrance to the vision of sustained socioeconomic growth of the country. With the evolving climate change, Bangladesh has been frequently facing extreme climatic events, such as erratic rainfall, flooding, drought, sea-level rise, cyclones, and salinity intrusion. Climate change will worsen many of the current problems and natural hazards that the country faces. The mean temperature is projected to rise by 1.0 to 1.4°C during 2046–2065 and 1.0 to 3.7°C during 2081–2100. Rainfall is likely to change with more erratic pattern in the future. The western parts and drought-prone areas of the country will be at greater risk from droughts. The extent of flood intensity from cyclonic storm surges is likely to increase. The predicted sea-level rise in the coastal zone is 0.2–1.0 m in 2100, with a current trend of 6–20 mm year-1. The rising sea level, along with cyclonic storm surges, will increase the intensity and extent of coastal flooding, accelerate salinity intrusion, and hinder freshwater availability. The areas under 1 ppt and 5 ppt salinity in base (2005) condition will increase to 17.5 ppt and 24 ppt salinity, respectively by 2050 under extreme climate scenario. Under moderate climate scenario, crop production will decline by 27% for Aus rice and 61% for wheat. The yield of Boro rice may reduce by 55–62% under extreme climate scenario. The reduced crop yield will negatively influence food security, and lives and livelihoods of millions of people in the country. Thus, climate change will become a major threat to Bangladesh’s aspirations to ensure food security, poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
Mitigating carbon dioxide emission from mobility based on the bottom-up approach in the central business district of Surakarta City
Authors: Setyono P , Himawan W , Sari C P
Published: January 2020

The development of Surakarta as the center of economy and service in the hinterland regions adds transportation to the list of sectors generating emission and, therefore, the pressure on the environment. Such pressure comes from public preferences of private vehicles as the primary mode of transportation. This study sought to calculate the transportation emission load (carbon dioxide/CO2 parameter) in the Central Business District (CBD) in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. A bottom-up data was computed in Mobilev 3.0 software, which is based on the Tier III Corinair approach. Through a primary survey, this study observed 22 roads in the central economic region of Surakarta in 2014, which were equivalent to 9.38% of the total length of the road. The results showed that the emission load generated in the CBD reached 46, 216.24 tons CO2/year. Moreover, mobility consumed up to 15, 848.82 tons of liquid fuels per year, with the largest proportion (74%) being gasoline, which is mainly used in motorcycles and private cars. In the transportation sector, the highest contributor to emission in the CBD is the use of private vehicles.
The analysis of thermal performance of vernacular building envelopes in tropical high lands using Ecotect
Authors: Hermawan  , Sunaryo  , Kholil A
Published: January 2020

Climate change affects all areas, including those with low temperature. Wonosobo belongs to highland areas with low temperature. The thermal performance of buildings is influenced by micro-environment climate so that the climate change will affect the thermal performance of buildings. Vernacular buildings are believed to be able to make the occupants comfortable. The vernacular buildings in tropical highlands have either exposed stone walls or wooden walls. The present research seeks to analyze the thermal performance of building envelopes with wooden walls and exposed stone walls in highland areas. Simulation method using the Ecotect software was applied. There are 12 building models with a variety of roofing and flooring were selected. The results of the simulation indicate that the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures of one model and other models is not significant. Warm temperature mostly occurs in houses with exposed stone walls. Highland areas need much warmth so that cold temperature will not disturb occupants.
The determinant of fire disaster mitigation (fire practices study in gas station operator Surakarta, Indonesia)
Authors: Setyawan H
Published: January 2020

Gas station is the working areas which have a high risk of a fire disaster, which can be caused by unsafe behaviour or unsafe condition. In dry season, Surakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia that has a hot temperature as a result of global climate change. This condition can allow the fuel to evaporate easily and trigger of the fire triangle. The purpose of this study was to examine the most influencing factors related to the fire safety practices in the gas stations operator, including safety regulations, fire training, and fire prevention and mitigation facilities. This study was analytic observational research using a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 94 gas stations operators in Surakarta. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire which is tested in validity and reliability. The data were analysed using chi-square and logistic regression. The result showed that the variables of fire prevention and mitigation facilities show a dominant correlation to the fire safety practices (p-value=0.0001, exp B=20.159).
Social reengineering of rubbish management (a case study on Jebres rubbish bank in Solo City, Indonesia)
Authors: Wardani R I K , Istiqomah I W , Shalihah M , Sari E N , Utami W T , Rusdiyana E
Published: January 2020

This research aimed to build a rubbish-conscious community movement and to utilize the rubbish to obtain an economic advantage. This study was an action research using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approach. The subject of research was people living in Jebres, Solo City. Data were collected through interview, focus group discussion, participatory observation, and documentation. Education of People Consciousness and Skill for rubbish management was conducted using reduce, reuse, recycle and replant (4R) principles. The activity stage involved socialization on rubbish bank revitalization, reinforcement of institution capacity, and stakeholder network expansion. The expansion of customers involved people surrounding the rubbish bank (general society and those living in the boarding house) and campus of Sebelas Maret University. Institution network involved kresek community, Solo City Government (Kelurahan Jebres, Living Environment Office), Perusahaan Umum Pegadaian (General Pawnshop Company), and mass media. The result of action research showed that people’s consciousness of utilizing rubbish improved thereby the effect of environmental pollution was reduced. Consciousness grew among the people to save the rubbish economically by converting wastes into precious metal (gold), and they motivated to benefit from the rubbish which so far considered as waste only.
Effectiveness of ISO 14001: 2015 implementation in small and medium enterprises (case study: a laundry machine industry SME in Bantul Yogyakarta)
Authors: Budi I Y , Karuniasa M , Nurcahyo R
Published: January 2020

Many companies globally apply ISO 14001 including in Indonesia. In there, most of the implementers are largely established companies in terms of quality, financial, infrastructure documentation, knowledge and understanding of the ISO. ISO 14001 was issued in 2015 to replace ISO 14001: 2004 and consider a risk-based approach in its application. This research examines the SMEs laundry machine industry in Yogyakarta that attempts to implement and achieve ISO 14001: 2015 certificate. Research results inform the implementation of ISO 14001: 2015 in the SMEs industry to achieved the extended result and applied the risk-based approach. The description of every step is expected to give understanding and model for implementing ISO 14001:2015 in this case study location. This study finds out that SMEs can be effective in some of the clauses of ISO 14001:2015. With implementation ISO 14001:2015 in SMEs expected to change the environment for better, especially in reducing the impact of the waste produced where the waste contributes to the formation of greenhouse gases which means accelerating the occurrence of global climate change.
Rhizobacteria response to the yield of corn variety (Zea mays L.) in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Maryani Y , Widiatmi S , Satyaka W , Widata S
Published: January 2020

Corn is a type of plant that contains high carbohydrate. It can grow in dry season. Current climate change causes disadvantages in climatic condition such as short rainy season and long dry season. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of rhizobacteria to the yield of several corn varieties. The research was conducted in Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research used a Split Plot Design. The first factor as main factor showed a high variety of corn yield, namely Hybrid 1, Hybrid 2, Hybrid 3, and Hybrid 4. The second factor as sub-factor was rhizobacteria level (0% and 15%). The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance. Based on the research results, there was a long dry season and short rainy season which were caused by climate change. Corn variety did not affect growth rate, yield and yield index for it’s resistant to climate change. Rhizobacteria increases the growth rate and tolerance index and making yield index to be higher than non-rhizobacteria which can help corn to survive in climate change.
Soil erosion at pineapple plantations in Indonesia under the climate change issue
Authors: Afandi  , Wiharso D , Novpriansyah H
Published: January 2020

Global climate change triggered the heavy and extreme rainfall in forms of intensity, pattern, duration, amount, and frequency. This condition strongly influences the occurrence of soil erosion, especially in the humid tropic region. The purpose of this research is to analyse the soil erosion rate under pineapple cultivation in Central Lampung, Indonesia. The results show rainfall erosivity using Bols equation is around 2109-3211 metric ton/h/ha. Soil erodibility is ranging 0.007-0.080 was categorized low to very low due to the amount of sand and silt is too low. The Slope also categorized low around 1-4%. The crop factor value is around 0.01-1. The rate of erosion in pineapple was 2016 is 1.51 ton/ha/year until 15 ton/ha/year; that value is under standard permissible erosion (18.5-25 ton/ha/year).
Mainstreaming adaptation strategy for flood risk due to climate change impact on Jakabaring, Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Y , Ilmiaty R S , Noviarti D , Hidayat A
Published: January 2020

Jakabaring and its surrounding which is part of Palembang are also experienced a high level exposure to hazard of inundation, where the area is heavily affected by tides which are mostly swamps, consisting of reclamation and protection swamps that are vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This study aims to determine the level of risk due to inundation hazards that occur in current conditions and projected conditions through risk assessment with spatial approaches and adaptation strategies needed, The vulnerability parameters that used are exposure (topography, land use, infrastructure), adaptation capacity (drainage), sensitivity (population density, education level, age, gender and poverty). In the baseline condition, Jakabaring and its surrounding areas is on moderate level of risk. Meanwhile in the projection condition (2030), Jakabaring and its surrounding areas is on high level of risk. The adaptation strategies due to climate change impact that can be carried out are river normalization, drainage normalization, infiltration measure, pumping, green open space, canalization, bio-pore, water retention ponds, multiplying gardens in residential area, roads enhancement, pavement enhancement, polders along rivers, and supervision of swamp regulations.
Waste management in integrated waste management facility (TPST) of Piyungan to achieve climate resilience through local institutions
Authors: Setyawati E Y , Budiastuti MTh S , Wijaya M , Setyono P
Published: January 2020

Greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CH4and CO2are emitted from wastes at the Piyungan Integrated Waste Management Facility. Integrated Waste Management Facility is called asTempat Pembuangan Sampah Terpaduin Indonesian, and abbreviated as TPST Piyungan. Both CH4and CO2gasses are potential to trigger climate change. Therefore, local institutions are required to intensify efforts towards preventing the harmful effect on climate change. This study aimed to determine the involvement of local institutions in handling waste problems in the TPST as one of the strategies to mitigate climate change. A qualitative approach was used to identify three factors of climate resilience including urban systems (infrastructure), social agents (stakeholders), and local institutions while quantitative scoring methods were used, based on the recommendations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), to determine the waste management strategies. The results showed the Integrated Waste Management Facility in Piyungan has not been able to reduce CH4emissions. The urban systems or infrastructure of the facility were found to be in a moderate while the social agents or stakeholders and local institutions were in a good category. However, the participation of local institutions has a major influence on climate change mitigation.
Long term change of land use in Ishigaki Island, Japan
Authors: Yoshie N , Noda K , Iida A
Published: January 2020

The differences in land resource use methods depend largely on climate change, the natural situation of the area and society. Until now, there has been much research on climate change and the impact of economic globalization on land use in the region, but land use hasn’t been discussed as a regional strategy. In this research, the land use map was reconstructed while paying attention to the historical changes of Ishigaki Island in Japan. Tourism is the main industry in the island. However, coral reefs, which are important as tourism resources, have been threatened by red soil runoff from farmland and development sites. Red soil runoff became worse in the pineapple boom that has occurred since the 1950s. After that, the “Red soil prevention law of Okinawa Prefecture” was enacted in 1994, and the red soil runoff was suppressed. Based on these social changes, we reconstructed the land use maps in 1921 (before pineapple boom), 1966 (the pineapple boom) and 2004 (after Red Earth Ordinance). As a result, it was found that the cultivated area of pineapple is expanding and reducing with the pineapple boom.
Potential of land classification by CubeSat in Monsoon Asia
Authors: Kondo F , Noda K , Phompila C
Published: January 2020

Frequent and severe flood by climate change is a big problem in the world. But there are many areas where water use and flood control facilities are not fully installed especially in developing countries. In these areas, a flood caused by heavy rainfall is getting frequent and now more serious. Few previous researches have analyzed the range and season of inundation due to lack of high resolution and frequency satellite imagery. Today, Planet Labs provides high resolution (+3.0m∼) and high frequency (1 day∼) CubeSat imagery. The primary goal of this research is to develop a model to analyze the range and season of springing in rainy season for Laos with clear rainy and dry season. We analyzed some land use areas from satelite imagery during rainy season with two indexes. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) are the indexes where is identify vegetation and water covers. We analyzed seasonal change of two individual values and the relationship of two values and we distincted from the degree of two indexes for each land use (City area, Water area, Wetland, Paddy Field). It suggests that each land use has its own value depending on the season.
Indonesia’s climate change national determined contributions, a farfetch dream or possible reality?
Authors: Sulistiawati L Y
Published: January 2020

As one of the Parties of the Paris Agreement, Indonesia is required to prepare and communicate its own National Determined Contribution (NDC) and maintaining successive nationally NDC which it intends to achieve. Indonesia has set unconditional reduction target by 29% and the conditional target up to 41% of the business as usual scenario by 2030. By setting these goals, Indonesia envisions achieving archipelagic climate resilience through comprehensive adaptation and mitigation programs and disaster risk reduction strategies This research tries to depict local regulating efforts to reach those NDC targets in the local level of Indonesia’s government, through examining the local government effort in dealing with climate change issue and fulfilling Indonesia’s NDC target. Also suggest alternative options to achieve NDC implementation in the local level in Indonesia, emphasize the role of Ministry of Environment and Forestry to re-introduce and socialize Indonesia’s NDC to the local government.
Collaborative governance in new era for problem solving: a literature review
Authors: Tando C E , Sudarmo  , Haryanti R H
Published: January 2020

Problems in the world today are very complex, one of the problems experienced by all countries is climate change. Climate change is a problem in the current era because it has a huge impact on the survival of all living things. One way to overcome this is through collaborative governance. Collaborative governance is the right solution to tackle the problem of climate change. Collaborative governance can overcome the problem of climate change by embracing all stakeholders in the public, private and community sectors. This study uses a literature review approach based on search results in the form of journal articles and other relevant articles in this paper, using keywords, restrictions on the year of publication of the article, and the database that has been set. The results of this study indicate that collaborative governance is used by increasing community participation and multilevel governance, but it also has obstacles, namely low community participation so that full government involvement in increasing community participation is needed to support collaborative governance.
Information needs and behaviour on climate change for sustainable farming among farmers
Authors: Widiyanti E , Karsidi R , Wijaya M , Utari P
Published: January 2020

As the main actors in the food supply, farmers’ knowledge regarding climate change and sustainable agriculture is essential. This study aims to identify farmers’ information needs, information use level and information-seeking behavior on climate change for sustainable agriculture. This research was conducted on three farmer groups in areas affected by Mount Merapi eruption and global climate change, namely Karya Muda and Sekar Dewani farmer groups in Mriyan Village, Tamansari District, and Margo Mulyo farmer group in Mundu Village, Tulung District, Klaten Regency. The data were collected purposively through structured interviews with 43 farmers from the groups. The analysis results of the Standardized Information Need Index (SINI) and Information Use Index (IUI) showed that information related to crop protection (SINI-96, 90), climate (SINI-92, 25), and commodity selling prices (SINI-89, 92) is the information most needed by farmers. The information sources mostly used by farmers were friends or neighbours (IUI-84), farmer groups (IUI-65) and mass media (IUI-49). The results concluded that farmers seek information on climate change and sustainable farming more actively from their fellow farmers and farmer groups. Therefore, to further support sustainable agriculture and deal with climate change, it is recommended to provide the information needed by farmers through such sources
Environmental efficiency of semi-organic rice farming in Bantul Regency
Authors: Rahmawati N , Sriyadi
Published: January 2020

The problems faced in organic rice farming is decreasing quality and fertility of land caused by the use of non-organic fertilizers or pesticides and also by climate change. This study aims to determine the environmental efficiency of semi-organic rice farming. The sampling method was purposively carried out consisting of 115 farmers from four farmer groups in Bantul Regency and had implemented semi-organic rice farming. The technical analysis used was Stochastic Frontier Translog Analysis with one input variable namely N fertilizer which was thought to be an input that could decrease environmental quality (detrimental environment input). The results showed that the coefficient value used to analyze the environmental efficiency from the Stochastic Frontier Analysis Translog is the coefficient value that interacts with N fertilizer. The environmental efficiency of semi-organic rice farming is still very low, ranging from 0.1434 to 0.6541 with an average of 0.40. This efficiency value shows that semi-organic rice production will survive or even increase by reducing 60% from the use of N fertilizer. Environmental efficiency is influenced by the use of factors of production which are detrimental to the environment, climate change (temperature changes) and water resources management.
Partnership between sugar company and small farmer on sugar cane farming in dry climate area of Dompu District, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Widodo  , Kamardiani D R , Pratiwi D F
Published: January 2020

Dompu District locates in Province of West Nusa Tenggara that was characterized as dry climate. The climate change also contributed to exacerbating the effect of drought in that area. Sugar cane farming was introduced to this district on 2015 to supply sugar on east of Indonesia. This study aimed to descript the partnership between sugar company and small farmer on dry land sugar cane farming in Dompu District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This research was conducted by interviewed informants of the officer of sugar cane farmer groups. The result shown that the type of partnership between sugar company and sugar cane farmer was pattern of plasma-nucleus. The sugar company as the nucleus of partnership gave a free technical assistant and sugar cane seed. Sugar cane farmer obligate to manage the farming according to instruction of technical assistant and financed sugar cane farming cost but seed, i.e. cost of worker, fertilizer, pesticide, transportation of sugar cane and cost of tractor rent. Sugar cane farming in dry climate land of Dompu District was able to contribute farmer family income.
Analysis of ginger marketing strategy in Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Setyowati  , Widadie F
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze marketing strategies for ginger farmers, identify and analyze the external and internal environments that affect the marketing of ginger and formulate marketing strategies for the development of ginger marketing in Karanganyar Regency. Ginger is one of the plants that can only grow in the tropics. Ginger rhizomes, especially those harvested at a young age do not last long are stored in warehouses. For these reasons, the processing is needed as soon as possible so it remains fit for consumption. To get quality ginger rhizomes, ginger is harvested at the age of not too young nor too old. The analysis used the SWOT matrix, IE Matrix, and QSP Matrix. An analysis of the external and internal environment used IFE and EFE matrix. In this research, alternative strategies that can be applied in marketing ginger in Karanganyar Regency are: 1) SO Strategy: maintaining quality and increasing quantity of ginger, optimizing farmer institution to build partnership with supplier and consumer, 2) WO strategy: improving knowledge and skills and generate interest in the cultivation of ginger, provision of adequate facilities and infrastructure for the continuity and smoothness of production activities, 3) ST strategy: expanding the network marketing and approach to consumers, maintaining consumer confidence with quality and continuity of products, 4) WT Strategy : improving the efficiency of ginger distribution, increasing the adoption rate of farmers technology in ginger cultivation. The result of QSP matrix analysis showed the strategy that can be applied is to improving the quality of producer human resources through the optimization of the role of the related offices to improve the knowledge and skills and increasing the interest to the cultivation of ginger.
The effects of fertilizer composition and gibberellin on flowering and true shallot seed formation of three shallot varieties at the highlands
Authors: Hantari D , Purnomo D , Triharyanto E
Published: January 2020

The flowering of shallot is influenced by low temperature and difference temperature between day and night. In Indonesia, to flowering shallot in low temperature are possible by planting in highlands. Because of climate change, the temperature difference in the highlands is very pronounced. This study aimed to determine the percentage of flowering and True Shallot Seed (TSS) production of three shallot varieties grown in the highlands. The research was conducted at Pancot Village, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Indonesia. The elevation of research site was 1, 300 m asl. The research design used was Split Plot with three replications. The main plot was variety: Bali Karet, Bali Lancur, and Bima Brebes. The subplot was fertilizers composition (Manure, ZA, SP36, KCl) and gibberellins: farmer’s dose (100% Inorganic and Organic) (P1G0), 100% Inorganic and Organic + Gibberellin 50ppm (P2G1), 50% Inorganic and 150% Organic (P3G0), 50% Inorganic and 150% Organic + Gibberellin 50ppm (P4G1), 200% Organic (P5G0), 200% Organic + Gibberellin 50ppm (P6G1). The results showed that fertilizer composition + gibberellins and varieties did not have significant effect on percentage of flowering, number of flowers and percentage of TSS formation. Fertilizer composition + gibberellins just influenced the number of TSS per stalks. Bima Brebes variety with P6G1 was able to flowering at 65 DAP with the flowering percentage reaching 88.87%.
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria application to lowland shallot varieties cultivated in highland
Authors: Triharyanto E , Syamsiyah J , Nyoto S , Wardyani E A L
Published: January 2020

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a prioritized vegetable crop which cultivated intensively in Indonesia. During 2016, there was La Nina phenomena happened around Indonesia and gave little indirect influences in the growth of shallots. La Nina had increased the monthly and annual rainfalls, thus phospate was not available in soil and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) application was used to increase phospate availability. The purpose of this research was to determine PSB application to lowland shallot varieties with which cultivated in highland. The research was in Pancot, Tawangmangu, 1100 m above sea level in June 2016-January 2017 using Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors: lowland shallot varieties (Bima, Manjung, Mentes, Ilokos, and Rubaru) and highland shallot variety Tawangmangu; and PSB (no PSB and with PSB 10x6 cell g-1 soil). Observation variables included were plant height, number of leaves, the number of bulbs per plot, and dry weight of bulbs per plot. Data was analyzed by ANOVA continued by DMRT. Research showed that application of PSB had no effect on all observed variables and showed that Bima and Rubaru are the varieties which adaptive to the weather anomaly and could produced the optimal bulbs yield in highland.