bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon in Coronary Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus: A Multicenter, Propensity Score Study
Authors: Pan Liang , Lu Wenjie , Han Zhanying , Pan Sancong , Wang Xi , Shan Yingguang , Wang Xule , Zheng Xiaolin , Li Ran , Zhou Yanjun , Qin Peng , Shi Qiangwei , Zhou Shuai , Zhang Wencai , Guo Sen , Zhang Peisheng , Qin Xiaofei , Sun Guoju , Qin Zhongsheng , Huang Zhenwen , Qiu Chunguang
Published: July 2021

Background. Relative to nondiabetic patients, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with inferior clinical outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of drug-coated balloon (DCB) in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients. Methods and Results. In this observational, prospective, multicenter study, we compared the outcomes of patients with and without DM after undergoing PCI with DCBs. Target lesion failure (TLF) was analyzed as primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were the rates of target lesion revascularization (TLR), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and any revascularization. Propensity score matching was used to assemble a cohort of patients with similar baseline characteristics. Among 2,306 eligible patients, 578 with DM and 578 without DM had similar propensity scores and were included in the analyses. During follow-up (

366
±
46

days), compared with DM patients, patients without DM were associated with a lower yearly incidence of TLF (2.77% vs. 5.36%; OR, 1.991; 95% CI, 1.077 to 3.681;

P
=
0.025

) and TLR (1.90% vs. 4.15%; OR, 2.233; 95% CI, 1.083 to 4.602;

P
=
0.026

). No significant differences were observed with regards to rates of MACE (OR: 1.580, 95% CI: 0.912-2.735;

P
=
0.100

), cardiac death (OR: 1.608, 95% CI: 0.523-4.946;

P
=
0.403

), MI (OR: 4.042, 95% CI: 0.855-19.117;

P
=
0.057

), and any revascularization (OR: 1.534, 95% CI: 0.983-2.393;

P
=
0.058

). Conclusions. Diabetic patients experience higher TLF and TLR rates following DCB angioplasty without substantial increase in the risk of MACE, cardiac death, MI, or revascularization.
Barycentric Rational Collocation Method for the Incompressible Forchheimer Flow in Porous Media
Authors: Zhao Qingli , Cheng Yongling
Published: July 2021

Barycentric rational collocation method is introduced to solve the Forchheimer law modeling incompressible fluids in porous media. The unknown velocity and pressure are approximated by the barycentric rational function. The main advantages of this method are high precision and efficiency. At the same time, the algorithm and program can be expanded to other problems. The numerical stability can be guaranteed. The matrix form of the collocation method is obtained from the discrete numerical schemes. Numerical analysis and error estimates for velocity and pressure are established. Numerical experiments are carried out to validate the convergence rates and show the efficiency.
In Vitro Comparison of the Internal Ribosomal Entry Site Activity from Rodent Hepacivirus and Pegivirus and Construction of Pseudoparticles
Authors: Sims Stuart , Michaelsen Kevin , Burkhard Sara , Fraefel Cornel
Published: July 2021

The 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) of rodent hepacivirus (RHV) and pegivirus (RPgV) contains sequence homology to the HCV type III internal ribosome entry sites (IRES). Utilizing a monocistronic expression vector with an RNA polymerase I promoter to drive transcription, we show cell-specific IRES translation and regions within the IRES required for full functionality. Focusing on RHV, we further pseudotyped lentivirus with RHV and showed cell surface expression of the envelope proteins and transduction of murine hepatocytes and we then constructed full-length RHV and RPgV replicons with reporter genes. Using the replicon system, we show that the RHV NS3-4A protease cleaves a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein reporter. However, liver-derived cells did not readily support the complete viral life cycle.
An XFEM-Based Analysis of Concrete Face Cracking in Rockfill Dams
Authors: Zhou Binpeng , Chai Junrui , Wang Jing , Zhou Heng , Wen Lifeng
Published: July 2021

The concrete face of a rockfill dam is a long and thin slab structure, which is highly susceptible to fracture when subjected to the settlement of the dam. The study of the generation and propagation of cracks in the concrete face of rockfill dams is of great significance to dam construction and face crack prevention. In this study, the initiation and propagation of cracks in the concrete face of a rockfill dam are investigated using an extended finite element method (XFEM) and ABAQUS software for the Gongboxia concrete-face rockfill dam. A numerical model for this dam is established using a finite element method, and the face stress and deformation distributions are obtained. Based on the results, a numerical model is built to find the location where cracks are initiated in the face. The displacement of the entire model is treated as the equivalent displacement for the numerical model. XFEM is utilized throughout the modeling process to obtain the stress concentration, crack initiation, and crack propagation in the concrete face, and an analysis of crack initiation and propagation is conducted. Finally, the effects of the thickness of concrete covers and reinforcement layers on the stress intensity of crack tips are also discussed using the established numerical model, and techniques for controlling the fracturing of the concrete face have been proposed in this paper.
Numerical Investigation on Crack Propagation and Fatigue Life Estimation of Shield Lining under Train Vibration Load
Authors: Tian Long-gang , Cheng Zi-ling , Hu Zhi-qiang
Published: July 2021

Dynamic loads such as the train vibration load usually act on the shield tunnel lining in the long term, which could make the initial flaws in shield segment propagate and gradually weaken the robustness of the tunnel structure. In this paper, a three‐dimensional numerical model of shield tunnel lining structure with the initial defect is built to study its dynamic reaction and fatigue crack propagation under the train vibration load. Furthermore, the damage to intact shield segment caused by train vibration load is studied by employing the rain‐flow counting method and the Miner damage theory, and a rational fatigue life estimation for the concrete shield tunnel lining is finally made. Results show that crack propagation is influenced by both the train speed and train axle, the higher the train speed, the longer the final crack, and train axle has a larger influence than train speed on the crack propagation in shield tunnel segment. The shield tunnel lining structure of Nanjing Metro Line 5 can meet the demand of working for a hundred years under the current working conditions.
At the Traffic Intersection, Stopping, or Walking? Pedestrian Path Prediction Based on KPOF-GPDM for Driving Assistance
Authors: Long Xudong , Zhang Weiwei , Zhao Bo , Mo Shaoxing
Published: July 2021

Pedestrian detection has always been a research hotspot in the Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS) with great progress in recent years. However, for the ADAS, we not only need to detect the behavior of pedestrians in front of the vehicle but also predict future action and the motion trajectory. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a human key point combined optical flow network (KPOF-Net) in the vehicle ADAS for the occlusion situation in the actual scene. When the vehicle encounters a blocked pedestrian at a traffic intersection, we used self-flow to estimate the global optical flow in the image sequence and then proposed a White Edge Cutting (WEC) algorithm to remove obstructions and simply modified the generative adversarial network to initialize pedestrians behind the obstructions. Next, we extracted pedestrian optical flow information and human joint point information in parallel, among which we trained four human key point models suitable for traffic intersections. At last, KPOF-GPDM fusion was proposed to predict the future status and walking trajectories of pedestrians, which combined optical flow information with human key point information. In the experiment, we did not merely compare our method with other four representative approaches in the same scene sequences. We also verified the accuracy of the pedestrian motion state and motion trajectory prediction of the system after fusion of human joint points and optical flow information. Taking into account the real-time performance of the system, in the low-speed and barrier-free environment, the comparative analysis only uses optical flow information, human joint point information, and KPOF-Net three prediction models. The results show that (1) in the same traffic environment, our proposed KPOF-Net can predict the change of pedestrian motion state about 5 frames (about 0.26 s) ahead of other excellent systems; (2) at the same time, our system predicts the trajectory of the pedestrian more accurately than the other four systems, which can achieve more stable minimum error ±0.04 m; (3) in a low-speed, barrier-free experimental environment, our proposed trajectory prediction model that integrates human joint points and optical flow information has higher prediction accuracy and smaller fluctuations than a single-information prediction model, and it can be well applied to automobiles’ ADAS.
Human-in-the-Loop Predictive Analytics Using Statistical Learning
Authors: Ganesan Anusha , Paul Anand , Nagabushnam Ganesan , Gul Malik Junaid Jami
Published: July 2021

The human-in-the-loop cyber-physical system provides numerous solutions for the challenges faced by the doctors or medical practitioners. There is a linear trend of advancement and automation in the medical field for the early diagnosis of several diseases. One of the critical and challenging diseases in the medical field is coma. In the medical research field, currently, the prediction of these diseases is performed only using the data gathered from the devices only; however, the human’s input is much essential to accurately understand their health condition to take appropriate decision on time. Therefore, we have proposed a healthcare framework involving the concept of artificial intelligence in the human-in- the-loop cyber-physical system. This model works via a response loop in which the human’s intention is concluded by gathering biological signals and context data, and then, the decision is interpreted to a system action that is recognizable to the human in the physical environment, thereby completing the loop. In this paper, we have designed a model for early prognosis of coma using the electroencephalogram dataset. In the proposed approach, we have achieved the best results using a statistical learning algorithm called autoregressive integrated moving average in comparison to artificial neural networks and long short-term memory models. In order to measure the efficiency of our model, we have used the root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean squared error (MSE) value to evaluate the linear models as it gives the difference between the measured value and true or correct value. We have achieved the least possible error value for our dataset. To conduct this experiment, we used the dataset available in the phsyionet opensource community.
Aqueous Extract of Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae) Leaves Inhibited Tumor Growth in Female Wistar Rats with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Breast Cancer
Authors: Mvondo Marie Alfrede , Wego Kamgaing Marius Trésor , Wansi Ngnokam Sylvie Léa
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer is the most common estrogen-dependent cancer in the world. Hormone therapy for this cancer can be neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant. Herbal remedies with antiproliferative properties are believed to be potential anticancer agents. The aqueous extract of Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae) leaves (AE), a medicinal plant used against cancer in Cameroon, was found to display antiproliferative effects in ovariectomized rats. Compounds isolated from this plant exhibited anticancer activity in vitro. To determine whether AE has an anticancer potential, its effects were investigated in rats with already developed breast cancer. Mammary tumors were induced by a single subcutaneous administration (under the mammary gland) of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA; 50 mg/kgBW) to immature female rats. After 22–26 weeks of observation, animals with palpable tumors were treated with tamoxifen (3.3 mg/kgBW) and AE at doses of 25 and 100 mg/kgBW. The negative control received distilled water. Treatments were given orally for 21 consecutive days. The volume of mammary tumors was evaluated weekly using a caliper. On day 22, animals were sacrificed. Cholesterol and estradiol levels were assessed in serum, breast tumors, mammary glands, and ovaries. Oxidative status of tumors was evaluated. The histological analysis of mammary glands and breast tumors was performed. Results showed that AE reduced tumor volume and weight (

p
<
0.05

). This effect was associated with reduced cholesterol (

p
<
0.001

) and estradiol (

p
<
0.01

) levels in breast tumors, serum, ovaries, and mammary glands. AE also increased tumors levels of malondialdehyde (

p
<
0.05

) and antioxidant enzymes (

p
<
0.01

). These effects contributed to the decrease in the size of breast alveoli (

p
<
0.01

), the density of cancer cells in breast tumors, and the invasion of these cells into the tumor connective tissue. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves, thanks to its ability to inhibit tumor growth, could be considered as a potential alternative for the neoadjuvant treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer.
Results and Molecular Correlates from a Pilot Study of Neoadjuvant Induction FOLFIRINOX Followed by Chemoradiation and Surgery for Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Wo Jennifer Y. , Clark Jeffrey W. , Eyler Christine E. , Mino-Kenudson Mari , Klempner Samuel J. , Allen Jill N. , Keane Florence K. , Parikh Aparna R. , Roeland Eric , Drapek Lorraine C. , Ryan David P. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Van Seventer Emily , Fetter Isobel J. , Shahzade Heather A. , Khandekar Melin J. , Lanuti Michael , Morse Christopher R. , Heist Rebecca S. , Ulysse Christine A. , Christopher Benjamin , Baglini Christian , Yeap Beow Y. , Mullen John T. , Hong Theodore S.
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

We performed a NCI-sponsored, prospective study of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX followed by chemoradiation with carboplatin/paclitaxel followed by surgery in patients with locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal cancer.

Patients and Methods:

The primary objective was to determine completion rate of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX × 8 followed by chemoradiation. Secondary endpoints were toxicity and pathologic complete response (pCR) rate. Exploratory analysis was performed of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to treatment response.

Results:

From October 2017 to June 2018, 25 patients were enrolled. All patients started FOLFIRINOX, 92% completed all eight planned cycles, and 88% completed chemoradiation. Twenty (80%) patients underwent surgical resection, and 7 had a pCR (35% in resected cohort, 28% intention to treat). Tumor-specific mutations were identified in 21 (84%) patients, of whom 4 and 17 patients had undetectable and detectable ctDNA at baseline, respectively. Presence of detectable post-chemoradiation ctDNA (P = 0.004) and/or postoperative ctDNA (P = 0.045) were associated with disease recurrence.

Conclusions:

Here we show neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX followed by chemoradiation for locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer is feasible and yields a high rate of pCR. ctDNA appears to be a promising predictor of postoperative recurrence.

See related commentary by Catenacci, p. 6281
SOX9 Defines Distinct Populations of Cells in SHH Medulloblastoma but Is Not Required for Math1-Driven Tumor Formation
Authors: Adolphe Christelle , Millar Amanda , Kojic Marija , Barkauskas Deborah S. , Sundström Anders , Swartling Fredrik J. , Hediyeh-zadeh Soroor , Tan Chin Wee , Davis Melissa J. , Genovesi Laura A. , Wainwright Brandon J.
Published: July 2021

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor and there is an urgent need for molecularly targeted and subgroup-specific therapies. The stem cell factor SOX9, has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma (SHH-MB) subgroup tumors, given its role as a downstream target of Hedgehog signaling and in functionally promoting SHH-MB metastasis and treatment resistance. However, the functional requirement for SOX9 in the genesis of medulloblastoma remains to be determined. Here we report a previously undocumented level of SOX9 expression exclusively in proliferating granule cell precursors (GCP) of the postnatal mouse cerebellum, which function as the medulloblastoma-initiating cells of SHH-MBs. Wild-type GCPs express comparatively lower levels of SOX9 than neural stem cells and mature astroglia and SOX9low GCP-like tumor cells constitute the bulk of both infant (Math1Cre:Ptch1lox/lox) and adult (Ptch1LacZ/+) SHH-MB mouse models. Human medulloblastoma single-cell RNA data analyses reveal three distinct SOX9 populations present in SHH-MB and noticeably absent in other medulloblastoma subgroups: SOX9+MATH1+ (GCP), SOX9+GFAP+ (astrocytes) and SOX9+MATH1+GFAP+ (potential tumor-derived astrocytes). To functionally address whether SOX9 is required as a downstream effector of Hedgehog signaling in medulloblastoma tumor cells, we ablated Sox9 using a Math1Cre model system. Surprisingly, targeted ablation of Sox9 in GCPs (Math1Cre:Sox9lox/lox) revealed no overt phenotype and loss of Sox9 in SHH-MB (Math1Cre:Ptch1lox/lox;Sox9lox/lox) does not affect tumor formation.

Implications:

Despite preclinical data indicating SOX9 plays a key role in SHH-MB biology, our data argue against SOX9 as a viable therapeutic target.
The PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor Ompalisib Suppresses Nonhomologous End Joining and Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Radio- and Chemotherapy
Authors: Du Jie , Chen Fuqiang , Yu Jiahua , Jiang Lijun , Zhou Meijuan
Published: July 2021

As the predominant pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) attenuates the efficacy of cancer treatment which relies on the introduction of DSBs, such as radiotherapy and genotoxic drugs. Identifying novel NHEJ inhibitors is of great importance for improving the therapeutic efficiency of radio- or chemotherapy. Here we miniaturized our recently developed NHEJ detecting system into a 96-well plate-based format and interrogated an FDA approved drug library containing 1732 compounds. A collection of novel hits were considered to be potential DSB repair inhibitors at the noncytotoxic concentration. We identified omipalisib as an efficient sensitizer for DNA damage–induced cell death in vitro. Furthermore, in vitro analysis uncovered the repressive effect of omipalisib on the phosphorylation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit induced by ionizing radiation and doxorubicin, which led to the suppression of NHEJ pathway.

Implications:

In summary, our findings suggested the possibility for repurposing these candidates as radio- or chemosensitizers, which might extend their clinical application in cancer therapy.
Longitudinal Analysis of Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Development Reveals Transient Gene Expression Signatures
Authors: Kim Jungsun , Ekstrom Taelor , Yang Wenli , Donahue Greg , Grygoryev Dmytro , Ngo Thuy T.M. , Muschler John L. , Morgan Terry , Zaret Kenneth S.
Published: July 2021

Previous transcriptome studies of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) compare non-cancerous pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanIN) with late-stage PDAC obtained from different patients, thus have limited ability to discern network dynamics that contribute to the disease progression. We demonstrated previously that the 10-22 cell line, an induced pluripotent stem cell–like line reprogrammed from late-stage human PDAC cells, recapitulated the progression from PanINs to PDAC upon transplantation into NOD/LtSz-scid/IL2R-gammanull mice. Herein, we investigated the transition from precursor to PDAC using the isogenic model. We analyzed transcriptomes of genetically tagged 10-22 cells progressing from PanINs to PDAC in mice and validated the results using The Cancer Genome Atlas PDAC dataset, human clinical PanIN and PDAC tissues, and a well-established murine PDAC model. We functionally studied candidate proteins using human normal (H6C7) and cancerous (Miapaca2, Aspc1) pancreatic ductal epithelial cell lines. 10-22 cell–derived PDAC displayed the molecular signature of clinical human PDAC. Expression changes of many genes were transient during PDAC progression. Pathways for extracellular vesicle transport and neuronal cell differentiation were derepressed in the progression of PanINs to PDAC. HMG-box transcription factor 1 (HBP1) and BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) were implicated in regulating dynamically expressed genes during PDAC progression, and their expressions inversely correlated with PDAC patients' prognosis. Ectopic expression of HBP1 increased proliferation and migration of normal and cancerous pancreatic cells, indicating that HBP1 may confer the cell dissemination capacity in early PDAC progression. This unique longitudinal analysis provides insights into networks underlying human PDAC progression and pathogenesis.

Implications:

Manipulation of HBP1, BACH1, and RUN3 networks during PDAC progression can be harnessed to develop new targets for treating PDAC.
Blocking Short-Form Ron Eliminates Breast Cancer Metastases through Accumulation of Stem-Like CD4+ T Cells That Subvert Immunosuppression
Authors: Lai Shu-Chin Alicia , Gundlapalli Harika , Ekiz H. Atakan , Jiang Amanda , Fernandez Elvelyn , Welm Alana L.
Published: July 2021

Immunotherapy has potential to prevent and treat metastatic breast cancer, but strategies to enhance immune-mediated killing of metastatic tumors are urgently needed. We report that a ligand-independent isoform of Ron kinase (SF-Ron) is a key target to enhance immune infiltration and eradicate metastatic tumors. Host-specific deletion of SF-Ron caused recruitment of lymphocytes to micrometastases, augmented tumor-specific T-cell responses, and nearly eliminated breast cancer metastasis in mice. Lack of host SF-Ron caused stem-like TCF1+ CD4+ T cells with type I differentiation potential to accumulate in metastases and prevent metastatic outgrowth. There was a corresponding increase in tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, which were also required to eliminate lung metastases. Treatment of mice with a Ron kinase inhibitor increased tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and protected from metastatic outgrowth. These data provide a strong preclinical rationale to pursue small-molecule Ron kinase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

Significance:

The discovery that SF-Ron promotes antitumor immune responses has significant clinical implications. Therapeutic antibodies targeting full-length Ron may not be effective for immunotherapy; poor efficacy of such antibodies in trials may be due to their inability to block SF-Ron. Our data warrant trials with inhibitors targeting SF-Ron in combination with immunotherapy.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945
Refractory Hyperlactatemia and Hypoglycemia in an Adult with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Warburg Effect
Authors: Al Maqrashi Zainab , Sedarous Mary , Pandey Avinash , Ross Catherine , Wyne Ahraaz
Published: July 2021

Lactate is a byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis, and hyperlactatemia is commonly seen in critically ill patients. We report a case of an elderly male presenting with undifferentiated constitutional symptoms, anemia, thrombocytopenia, severe lactic acidosis, refractory hypoglycemia, and a newly detected abdominal mass. A dedicated workup ruled out infectious etiologies and revealed metastatic non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This study explores etiologies of type B lactic acidosis in oncology patients, with a focus on Warburg’s effect, and its potential for prognostication.
CKS2 Promotes the Growth in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Downregulating Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor
Authors: Wan Zongren , Wang Lixin , Yang Dan , Li Pengling , Liu Qing , Wang Baolan
Published: July 2021

Introduction/Objective: This study aimed to explore the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) in tissues and cells in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the function mechanism of CKS2 in NSCLC cell growth and tumorigensis. Methods: After transfecting NCI-H2170 cells with short-hair RNA (shRNA), an shCKS2 gene-silencing model was established. The cells were divided into a shRNA group and shNC group. For overexpression cell lines, we used the same method to establish the NCI-H2170-CKS2 cell lines. Cell Count Kit-8 assay and colony formation assay were used to determine cell viability and cell growth, respectively. Propidium iodide staining was used to determine cell cycle progression. The mRNA expression of CKS2 and protein expression of CKS2, p21, p53, and PTEN were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. The expression of CKS2, p53, and Ki67 in tissues was determined by immunohistochemical stain. The in vivo tumorigenesis assays were used to determine the ability of CKS2 in tumor growth. Results: The results of RT-qPCR and Western blotting assay revealed that CKS2 upregulated expression in NSCLC tissues and cells. The results of the CCK-8 assay revealed that the shRNA group exhibited significantly lower cell viability and foci formation than the empty plasmid group, while CKS2 overexpression induces cell growth and cell cycle progression. The result of nude mice suggested that CKS2 knockdown expression suppressed tumorigenesis in the in vivo animal model. Conclusions: Our study suggests that CKS2 could be a biomarker in the progression and prognosis of NSCLC.
Tradução comentada de Malinche, de Rosario Castellanos: uma dupla correção na história
Authors: Waquil Marina Leivas
Published: July 2021

Neste trabalho, com base na reflexão da tradução feminista (GODARD, 1989; SIMON, 2005; VON FLOTOW, 1997) e a partir da tradução comentada para o português do poema Malinche (CASTELLANOS, [1948-1971], 2004), propõe-se uma dupla correção na história da tradução: resgatar e destacar a voz de Rosario Castellanos, ainda não traduzida e publicada pelo mercado editorial brasileiro, e destacar uma das figuras históricas mais injustiçadas pelo discurso patriarcal, Malinche, personagem central do poema.
Dois poemas de Bukowski em tradução
Authors: Lopes Sofia
Published: July 2021

Estas são traduções dos poemas “an almost made up poem” e “eulogy to a hell of a dame”, de Charles Bukowski, publicados, respectivamente, em 1977 e 1984, nos livros “Love is a Dog from Hell” e “War All the Time”. Ambas as traduções buscam preservar as escolhas estilísticas originais sempre que possível.
Traduzindo uma história de Hebel
Authors: Maia João Cândido Cartocci
Published: July 2021

Pretende-se comentar as soluções adotadas para a tradução de uma pequena narrativa de Johann Peter Hebel (1760-1826), “Reencontro inesperado” (“Unverhofftes Wiedersehen”), de 1811. As soluções de tradução dependeram de uma interpretação da história a ser traduzida, que foi fortemente inspirada na leitura feita por Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). Faremos referência, sobretudo, às considerações feitas pelo crítico no célebre ensaio sobre “O narrador” e na conferência de rádio proferida em 1929, intitulada “Johann Peter Hebel”.
Irmãos de Sangue: um mergulho na República de Weimar
Authors: Gonçalves Simone Pereira
Published: July 2021

Apresento aqui a tradução de Blutsbrüder (Irmão de Sangue). A preocupação maior neste trabalho foi encontrar o ritmo mais próximo possível do texto alemão que é leve, dinâmico, marcado por coloquialismos e pela linguagem sóbria da Nova Objetividade [Neue Sachlichkeit], movimento artístico, cultural e literário que surgiu com a Proclamação da República de Weimar, e o fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial.
Normalidade e desvio em um conto de Federico Falco
Authors: Bezerra Rafael Ginane
Published: July 2021

Mobilizando chaves de leitura elaboradas por Elsa Drucaroff (2011) e Beatriz Sarlo (2012), o trabalho contextualiza brevemente a narrativa de Federico Falco. Em seguida, conferindo destaque ao tratamento de temas incomuns através de uma abordagem que elude o fantástico e à construção de personagens opacos, o trabalho apresenta a tradução do conto “El pelo de la Virgen” como texto que ilustra à perfeição os elementos estéticos previamente mencionados.
caso de Clyde Griffiths, de Erwin Piscator: Theodore Dreiser em versão épica
Authors: Bustamante Fernando
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta a tradução do prólogo da peça inédita em português The Case of Clyde Griffiths, de Erwin Piscator, baseada no romance An American Tragedy, de Thedore Dreiser. Além da tradução, apresenta uma breve trajetória da escrita e de duas montagens do texto nos EUA, feitas em 1935 e 1936, bem como a análise de alguns recursos do teatro épico empregados pelo seu dramaturgo.
É hora! Dois poemas de Semion Nadson em tradução
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: July 2021

O poeta da Rússia Imperial Semion Nadson morreu com apenas 24 anos de idade e tem, como escreve Paulo Bezerra, um “legado contraditório”. Inspirador de composições de Rachmaninoff e amado por antagonistas como Lênin e Búnin, ele foi massacrado por Mandelstam (que, no entanto, nunca deixava de relê-lo), Otto Maria Carpeaux e Tchukóvski.
Infância, poesia e horror: traduções dos poemas das crianças do campo de concentração nazista de Terezín
Authors: Fernandes Luciane Bonace Lopes
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta e discute brevemente sete poemas realizados por crianças e jovens durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial no campo de concentração nazista de Terezín, escritos originalmente em língua tcheca e traduzidos para a língua portuguesa, com o objetivo de corroborar os estudos e pesquisas sobre o Holocausto, auxiliando a construção de conhecimento sobre as percepções de crianças e jovens em relação ao universo concentracionário. A metodologia se pautou na identificação e leitura de material bibliográfico. De forma geral, esses poemas expressam diferentes aspectos do universo concentracionário e revelam a ampla consciência do meio e grande sensibilidade expressiva dos autores, apesar da pouca idade.
Clinical Genetic Risk Variants Inform a Functional Protein Interaction Network for Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Reuter Miriam S. , Chaturvedi Rajiv R. , Jobling Rebekah K. , Pellecchia Giovanna , Hamdan Omar , Sung Wilson W.L. , Nalpathamkalam Thomas , Attaluri Pratyusha , Silversides Candice K. , Wald Rachel M. , Marshall Christian R. , Williams Simon G. , Keavney Bernard D. , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Scherer Stephen W. , Bassett Anne S.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)—the most common cyanotic heart defect in newborns—has evidence of multiple genetic contributing factors. Identifying variants that are clinically relevant is essential to understand patient-specific disease susceptibility and outcomes and could contribute to delineating pathomechanisms.

Methods:

Using a clinically driven strategy, we reanalyzed exome sequencing data from 811 probands with TOF, to identify rare loss-of-function and other likely pathogenic variants in genes associated with congenital heart disease.

Results:

We confirmed a major contribution of likely pathogenic variants in
FLT4
(VEGFR3 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3]; n=14) and
NOTCH1
(n=10) and identified 1 to 3 variants in each of 21 other genes, including
ATRX
,
DLL4
,
EP300
,
GATA6
,
JAG1
,
NF1
,
PIK3CA
,
RAF1
,
RASA1
,
SMAD2
, and
TBX1
. In addition, multiple loss-of-function variants provided support for 3 emerging congenital heart disease/TOF candidate genes:
KDR
(n=4),
IQGAP1
(n=3), and
GDF1
(n=8). In total, these variants were identified in 63 probands (7.8%). Using the 26 composite genes in a STRING protein interaction enrichment analysis revealed a biologically relevant network (
P
=3.3×10
−16
), with VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2;
KDR
) and NOTCH1 (neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1) representing central nodes. Variants associated with arrhythmias/sudden death and heart failure indicated factors that could influence long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

The results are relevant to precision medicine for TOF. They suggest considerable clinical yield from genome-wide sequencing, with further evidence for
KDR
(VEGFR2) as a congenital heart disease/TOF gene and for VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and Notch signaling as mechanisms in human disease. Harnessing the genetic heterogeneity of single gene defects could inform etiopathogenesis and help prioritize novel candidate genes for TOF.
Updating the Authentication of Digital Evidence in the International Criminal Court
Authors: Braga da Silva Rafael
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the issue of authenticity of digital evidence in the icc. While some types of digital evidence have been used at the icc, some challenges persist. icc Chambers have used old methods of verifying the authenticity of physical documents to analyze pieces of digital evidence. These practices do not fully grasp the issue of authenticity in relation to a piece of digital evidence, which may require specific practices and technologies. This paper discusses how icc judges can update its practices in order to address such issue. With an ever-growing use of digital evidence in its courtroom, it is essential for icc Judges to develop solid practices that allow them to fully examine the authenticity of a piece of digital evidence. This paper claims that such adaptations may require capacity-building for judges, as well as changes in the evidence management system and in the icc legal framework.
An Historical Assessment and Analysis of Economic Imperialism in West Africa
Authors: Omobowale Ayokunle Olumuyiwa , Sawadogo Natewinde
Published: July 2021

The West African political economy has been shaped by the policies, decisions and actions of dominant European imperialist countries since about over 500 years. Starting with imperial merchant capitalism along the West African coast in the 16th Century and French gradual acquisition of Senegal as a colony as from 1677, West Africa has remained under the imperialist hold. West Africa remains economically dependent on its former colonial masters despite more than 60 years since the countries started gaining independence. The consequences of economic imperialism on West Africa have included exploitative resource extraction, proxy and resource influenced civil wars, illegal trade in natural resources, mass poverty, and external migration of skilled workers necessary for national development. The world sees and broadcasts poverty, starvation, conflict and Saharan migration in the West African sub-continent, but hardly reports the exploitative imperialistic processes that have produced poverty and misery in West Africa in particular and across sub-Saharan Africa in general.
Sources of Subseasonal Skill and Predictability in Wintertime California Precipitation Forecasts
Authors: L’Heureux Michelle L. , Tippett Michael K. , Becker Emily J.
Published: July 2021

The relation between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and California precipitation has been studied extensively and plays a prominent role in seasonal forecasting. However, a wide range of precipitation outcomes on seasonal time scales are possible, even during extreme ENSO states. Here, we investigate prediction skill and its origins on subseasonal time scales. Model predictions of California precipitation are examined using Subseasonal Experiment (SubX) reforecasts for the period 1999–2016, focusing on those from the Flow-Following Icosahedral Model (FIM). Two potential sources of subseasonal predictability are examined: the tropical Pacific Ocean and upper-level zonal winds near California. In both observations and forecasts, the Niño-3.4 index exhibits a weak and insignificant relationship with daily to monthly averages of California precipitation. Likewise, model tropical sea surface temperature and outgoing longwave radiation show only minimal relations with California precipitation forecasts, providing no evidence that flavors of El Niño or tropical modes substantially contribute to the success or failure of subseasonal forecasts. On the other hand, an index for upper-level zonal winds is strongly correlated with precipitation in observations and forecasts, across averaging windows and lead times. The wind index is related to ENSO, but the correlation between the wind index and precipitation remains even after accounting for ENSO phase. Intriguingly, the Niño-3.4 index and California precipitation show a slight but robust negative statistical relation after accounting for the wind index.
How Online Fraud Victims are Targeted in China: A Crime Script Analysis of Baidu Tieba C2C Fraud
Authors: Lee Claire Seungeun
Published: July 2021

E-commerce is the practice of purchasing, selling, transferring, and exchanging goods, services, or information through the Internet, a computer, and/or other devices. With the development of e-commerce markets, fraud is increasingly reported. This study uses a crime script analysis to examine how customer-to-customer (C2C) fraud occurs on China’s online platforms with a particular focus on the online marketplace Baidu Tieba and Tencent QQ, a tool that allows customers to make contact and negotiate deals and payment methods. The findings demonstrate that C2C fraud develops through pre-operation, operation, finalization, and exit stages, sharing commonalities with other online identity fraud processes. Implications for policy and interventions are also discussed in regard to e-commerce fraud in China and elsewhere.
Fear of Terrorism and Fear of Violent Crimes in the United States: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Onat Ismail , Guler Ahmet , Kula Sedat , Bastug Mehmet F.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare Americans’ fear of terrorism to fear of violent crimes (i.e., murder, mass shooting, and gang violence). Previous research suggested that similarities exist between terrorism and violent crimes, yet no study has compared the fear aspects of terrorism and violence in the United States. Using nationally representative data from the 2018 Americans’ Fears Survey ( N = 1,190), we compared fear of terrorism to fear of violent crimes with a main focus on the effects of exposure to the media, political views, and religiosity of the adult Americans. The results of the analyses showed the roles of online media, religiosity, and politics differed significantly in shaping the sampled Americans’ fear of terrorism when compared to their fear of violent crimes. Despite the resemblance of terrorism and violence, the fear arising from the political nature of terrorism as a crime distinguishes the nature of fear from violent crimes.
Education and skills training for care partners of hospitalised older adults: A scoping review
Authors: Carbery Madeline , Schwartz Samantha , Werner Nicole , Fields Beth
Published: July 2021

Background:

The care partners of hospitalised older adults often feel dissatisfied with the education and skills training provided to them, resulting in unpreparedness and poor health outcomes.

Objective:

This review aimed to characterise and identify gaps in the education and skills training used with the care partners of older adults in the hospital.

Methods:

We conducted a scoping review on the education and skills training practices used with the care partners of hospitalised older adults in the USA via sources identified in the PubMed, PsychINFO and CINAHL databases.

Results:

Twelve studies were included in this review. Results illustrate that nurses utilise multiple modes of delivery and frequently provide education and skills training tailored to the needs of care partners at the latter end of hospital care. The provision of education and skills training varies greatly, however, including who provides education, in what way information is conveyed, and how care partner outcomes are measured.

Conclusion:

This is the first scoping review to describe and synthesise the education and skills training practices used with care partners of hospitalised older adults. Findings highlight the need for education and skills training to be interprofessional, tailored to individual care partners’ needs and begin at, or even before, the hospital admission of older adult patients.
Love, sex, drugs and women’s sub-optimal adherence to MDR-TB treatment in South Africa: Opportunities for enhanced health education
Authors: Mugoni Petronella Chipo
Published: July 2021

Objective:

Rising incidence of acquired multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in South Africa suggests low knowledge and implementation of infection prevention and control strategies in household and congregate settings. This study contributes to the under-researched area of non-biomedical responses to sub-adherence to treatment.

Design:

The study utilises a quasi-ethnographic qualitative case study of 10 women aged 18 to 34 years to understand their treatment adherence behaviours through the lens of their sex, gender, age, cultural beliefs and socio-economic status.

Setting:

This study investigated reasons for young women’s sub-optimal adherence to treatment for acquired MDR-TB in eThekwini Metro, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, which records high burdens of tuberculosis (TB), MDR-TB and HIV.

Methods:

Primary data were collected from 20 participants who were selected through criterion, purposive and snowball sampling. Data were gathered through focus group discussions with women being treated for transmitted MDR-TB and key informant interviews with their family members, health workers and KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health personnel.

Results:

Anti-MDR-TB treatment affects women’s sexuality, intimate relationships, family planning intentions and reproductive health. Some vulnerable women struggle to persevere on noxious and lengthy treatment regimes that affect their reproductive and psychological health. Women may skip doses or abandon treatment when high pill burdens and adverse events make intimate and sexual relations with male partners, on whom they may depend for their livelihoods, difficult.

Conclusion:

It is important to consider the effects of lengthy treatment on young people’s social and sexual lives and self-esteem when (re)designing MDR-TB counselling approaches. This paper advances an evidence-based treatment education and counselling strategy to contribute to improving MDR-TB treatment adherence and success.
Laser process parameter optimization of dimple created on oriented carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Canel Timur , Kayahan Ersin , Fidan Sinan , Sinmazcelik Tamer
Published: July 2021

It was mainly aimed at the study to make the optimization of laser parameters to obtain dimples with the desired shape and size. Carbon Fiber EPOXY composite (CF-EPOXY) surfaces were ablated by Nd:YAG laser which has a 1064 nm wavelength. Some important laser process parameters such as focus position, pulse energy, duration and number were optimized to achieve maximum aspect ratio, circular shape and minimum thermal defect. In addition, it has been determined that which laser parameters are more effective to obtain the desired quality surface. These different shapes and geometry of dimples could be used to improve some properties such as wettability, friction, etc. The pulse energy with an effective rate of 55.97 % is the most effective parameter to achieve the larger aspect ratio. The focus position is the most effective parameter with the rates of 66.18 % and 47.94 % to obtain both perfect circularity and minimum thermal defects respectively. Confirmation experiments were performed and the highest aspect ratio was found as 1.14, the best circular dimple and the minimum thermal effects outside the spot area were found with the rates of 1.021. These are the optimum results of 9 experiment sets in this study for each output. The results were supported by confirmation experiments and regression analysis. It can be concluded that the Taguchi method is reliable and saves time and materials.
“He was Drugged up on Something...” Portrayals of Drugs and Violence on Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) as System Justification
Authors: Sohoni Tracy , Snell Julie , Harden Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

We conducted a content analysis of the first two and last two seasons of the popular crime drama Crime Scene Investigation ( CSI), to determine the extent to which depictions of the intersection of substance use and violence were consistent with research. Using the lens of system justification theory, we find that CSI focuses on aspects of crime that preserve the status quo, specifically it overemphasizes the negative impact of illicit substances as opposed to legal substances (such as alcohol), and it emphasizes the psychopharmacological role of drugs in violent crime compared to systemic violence related to the illegality of drug markets, even though research demonstrates that systemic violence makes up a large proportion of substance-related homicides. Despite significant changes in drug policy that occurred during the time that CSI was on the air, we find these portrayals are largely unchanged between episodes that were broadcast between 2000–2002 versus those that aired 2014–2015.
Comparison of two injectable anaesthetic techniques on induction and subsequent anaesthesia in pigs
Authors: Ryden Anneli , Fisichella Sheila , Perchiazzi Gaetano , Nyman Görel
Published: July 2021

Pig experiments often require anaesthesia, and a rapid stress-free induction is desired. Induction drugs may alter the subsequent anaesthesia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare, in pigs, the effects of two different injectable anaesthetic techniques on the induction and on the physiological variables in a subsequent eight hours of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). Twelve domestic castrates (Swedish Landrace/Yorkshire) 27‒31 kg were used. The pigs were randomly assigned to different induction drug combinations of zolazepam–tiletamine and medetomidine intramuscularly (ZTMe) or midazolam, ketamine intramuscularly and fentanyl intravenously (MiKF). Time from injection to unconsciousness was recorded and the ease of endotracheal intubation assessed. The TIVA infusion rate was adjusted according to the response exhibited from the nociceptive stimulus delivered by mechanically clamping the dewclaw. The time from injection to unconsciousness was briefer and intubation was easier in the ZTMe group. Results from the recorded heart rate, cardiac index and arterial blood pressure variables were satisfactorily preserved and cardiovascular function was maintained in both groups. Shivering was not observed in the ZTMe group, but was observed in four of the pigs in the MiKF group. The requirement of TIVA was lower in the ZTMe group. In conclusion, ZTMe had better results than MiKF in areas such as shorter induction time, better intubation scoring results and less adjustment and amount of TIVA required up to six hours of anaesthesia. The results may have been due to a greater depth of anaesthesia achieved with the ZTMe combination at the dose used.