bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Piperine as potential therapy of post-weaning porcine diarrheas: an in vitro study using a porcine duodenal enteroid model
Authors: Satitsri Saravut , Akrimajirachoote Nattaphong , Nunta Kanokkan , Ruennarong Nitwarat , Amnucksoradej Orawan , Muanprasat Chatchai
Published: January 2023

Post-weaning diarrhea in piglets is a major problem, resulting in a significant loss in pig production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of piperine, an alkaloid abundantly found in black peppers, on biological activities related to the pathogenesis of post-weaning diarrhea using a porcine duodenal enteroid model, a newly established intestinal stem cell-derived in vitro model recapitulating physiology of porcine small intestinal epithelia. Porcine duodenal enteroid models were treated with disease-relevant pathological inducers with or without piperine (8 μg/mL and/or 20 μg/mL) before measurements of oxidative stress, mRNA, and protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, barrier leakage, and fluid secretion. We found that piperine (20 μg/mL) inhibited H2O2-induced oxidative stress, TNF-α-induced mRNA, and protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines without affecting NF-κB nuclear translocation, and prevented TNF-α-induced barrier leakage in porcine duodenal enteroid monolayers. Importantly, piperine inhibited fluid secretion induced by both forskolin and heat-stable toxins (STa) in a three-dimensional model of porcine duodenal enteroids. Collectively, piperine possesses both anti-inflammatory and anti-secretory effects in porcine enteroid models. Further research and development of piperine may provide novel interventions for the treatment of post-weaning porcine diarrhea.
A de novo PAK1 likely pathogenic variant and a de novo terminal 1q microdeletion in a Chinese girl with global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, and seizures
Authors: Zhuang Jianlong , Xie Meihua , Yao Jianfeng , Fu Wanyu , Zeng Shuhong , Jiang Yuying , Wang Yuanbai , Xie Yingjun , Wang Gaoxiong , Chen Chunnuan
Published: January 2023

Background

Pathogenic PAK1 variants were described to be causative of neurodevelopmental disorder with macrocephaly, seizures, and speech delay. Herein, we present a de novo PAK1 variant combine with a de novo terminal 1q microdeletion in a Chinese pediatric patient, aiming to provide more insights into the underlying genotype–phenotype relationship.

Methods

Enrolled in this study was a 6-year-old girl with clinical features of global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, speech delay, and seizures from Quanzhou region of China. Karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed to detect chromosome abnormalities in this family. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to investigate additional genetic variants in this family.

Results

No chromosomal abnormalities were elicited from the entire family by karyotype analysis. Further familial CMA results revealed that the patient had a de novo 2.7-Mb microdeletion (arr[GRCh37] 1q44(246,454,321_249,224,684) × 1]) in 1q44 region, which contains 14 OMIM genes, but did not overlap the reported smallest region of overlap (SRO) responsible for the clinical features in 1q43q44 deletion syndrome. In addition, WES result demonstrated a de novo NM_002576: c.251C > G (p.T84R) variant in PAK1 gene in the patient, which was interpreted as a likely pathogenic variant.

Conclusion

In this study, we identify a novel PAK1 variant associated with a terminal 1q microdeletion in a patient with neurodevelopmental disorder. In addition, we believe that the main clinical features may ascribe to the pathogenic variant in PAK1 gene in the patient.
Evaluation of the usefulness of determining the level of selected inflammatory biomarkers and resistin concentration in perivascular adipose tissue and plasma for predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients who underwent myocardial revascularisation
Authors: Rachwalik M. , Matusiewicz M. , Jasiński M. , Hurkacz M.
Published: January 2023

Background

The development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is related to the impaired quantity and composition of inflammatory proteins found in plasma and tissue, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), adipokines, and resistin. Therefore, the level of plasma resistin in patients with advanced CAD could be indicative of the condition of epicardial adipose tissue and thus have an impact on the frequency and severity of postoperative complications in the form of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Methods

The study included 108 patients who qualified for elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery from 2017 to 2020 and were categorized into two groups. The first group consisted of patients who developed atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period – the AF group, and the second group included patients who did not have arrhythmia – the non-AF group. The analysis incorporates the history, course of treatment, anthropometric characteristics of the test subjects, biochemical laboratory tests, and echocardiography. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) sections were surgically harvested from the area of the left coronary trunk.

Results

The resistin levels in the PVAT were significantly higher in the AF group than in the non-AF group (P = 0.000015). Similarly, plasma resistin levels increased significantly in the AF group compared to the non-AF group (P = 0.044). The values of other analyzed variables were not significantly different (analysis performed using the Mann–Whitney U test). Spearman’s rank-order correlation technique found a correlation between resistin in PVAT and plasma (r = 0.5933; P < 0.0001) in the whole study group, as well as in the AF group (r = 0.4782; P = 0.021) and the non-AF group (r = 0.4938; P < 0.0001). A correlation arose between the level of resistin in PVAT and the level of hsCRP (r = 0.3463; P = 0.005) in the whole study group and the non-AF group (r = 0.4448; P = 0.0011); however, no such correlation appeared in the AF group (r = 0.3076; P = 0.306).

Conclusions

Elevated levels of plasma resistin, which reflect PVAT resistin levels in patients qualified for myocardial revascularisation, may be associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation complications.
Influence of climatic factors on essential oil content and composition of 20 populations of Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad from Iran
Authors: Moghaddam Hosien Hashemi , Jafari Ali Ashraf , Sefidkon Fatemeh , Jari Sepideh Kalate
Published: January 2023

Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad is an endemic and rare perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which grows in a limited area in Binaloud Mountain in northeast of Iran. In this study to evaluate the diversity of 20 populations (localities) of N. binaludensis and the influence of environmental factors on essential oil (EO) content and composition, the plant aerial parts were collected at the full flowering stage. The plant materials dried in shade and subjected to hydro-distillation for obtaining their EOs. Analysis of the EO was carried out using GC and GC/MS. The oil yields were varied from 1.2 to 4.9%. Classification of populations was made based on EO compounds. The results of mean comparison between populations belong to different habitats showed that the populations of Darood and Friezy with average values of 4.91 and 1.2% had the highest and lowest EO yield, respectively. Twenty-two compounds were identified in the oils with 1,8-cineol (25.4–59.0%), 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (13.8–55.1%), myrcene (2.3–5.5%) and p-cymene (1.1–5.7%) as the main components. Result of correlation analysis showed that the oil yield was positively correlated with precipitation and negatively with temperature. In addition, 1,8-cineole was positively and nepetalactone was negatively correlated with altitude. Cluster analysis by Ward method categorized the populations into two groups. The major compound of the oils in cluster 1 was nepetalactone (with an average of 37.9%), while the oils in cluster 2, contained higher percentage of 1,8-cineole (52–59%). Most of the populations in cluster 2, were originated from high, cold, rainy, and steep areas.
Postoperative high-sensitivity troponin T predicts 1-year mortality and days alive and out of hospital after orthotopic heart transplantation
Authors: M’Pembele René , Roth Sebastian , Nucaro Anthony , Stroda Alexandra , Tenge Theresa , Lurati Buse Giovanna , Bönner Florian , Scheiber Daniel , Ballázs Christina , Tudorache Igor , Aubin Hug , Lichtenberg Artur , Huhn Ragnar , Boeken Udo
Published: January 2023

Background

Orthotopic heart transplantation (HTX) is the gold standard to treat end-stage heart failure. Numerous risk stratification tools have been developed in the past years. However, their clinical utility is limited by their poor discriminative ability. High sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) is the most specific biomarker to detect myocardial cell injury. However, its prognostic relevance after HTX is not fully elucidated. Thus, this study evaluated the predictive value of postoperative hsTnT for 1-year survival and days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) after HTX.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent HTX at the University Hospital Duesseldorf, Germany between 2011 and 2021. The main exposure was hsTnT concentration at 48 h after HTX. The primary endpoints were mortality and DAOH within 1 year after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, logistic regression model and linear regression with adjustment for risk index for mortality prediction after cardiac transplantation (IMPACT) were performed.

Results

Out of 231 patients screened, 212 were included into analysis (mean age 55 ± 11 years, 73% male). One-year mortality was 19.7% (40 patients) and median DAOH was 298 days (229–322). ROC analysis revealed strongest discrimination for mortality by hsTnT at 48 h after HTX [AUC = 0.79 95% CI 0.71–0.87]. According to Youden Index, the cutoff for hsTnT at 48 h and mortality was 1640 ng/l. After adjustment for IMPACT score multivariate logistic and linear regression showed independent associations between hsTnT and mortality/DAOH with odds ratio of 8.10 [95%CI 2.99–21.89] and unstandardized regression coefficient of −1.54 [95%CI −2.02 to −1.06], respectively.

Conclusion

Postoperative hsTnT might be suitable as an early prognostic marker after HTX and is independently associated with 1-year mortality and poor DAOH.
Supplemental N-acyl homoserine lactonase alleviates intestinal disruption and improves gut microbiota in broilers challenged by Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Ou Jingseng , Ye Hui , Cao Qingyun , Zhang Changming , Dong Zemin , Feng Dingyuan , Zuo Jianjun
Published: January 2023

Background

Salmonella Typhimurium challenge causes a huge detriment to chicken production. N-acyl homoserine lactonase (AHLase), a quorum quenching enzyme, potentially inhibits the growth and virulence of Gram-negative bacteria. However, it is unknown whether AHLase can protect chickens against S. Typhimurium challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AHLase on growth performance and intestinal health in broilers challenged by S. Typhimurium. A total of 240 one-day-old female crossbred broilers (817C) were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 replicates/group): negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and PC group supplemented with 5, 10 or 20 U/g AHLase. All birds except those in NC were challenged with S. Typhimurium from 7 to 9 days of age. All parameters related to growth and intestinal health were determined on d 10 and 14.

Results

The reductions (P < 0.05) in body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) in challenged birds were alleviated by AHLase addition especially at 10 U/g. Thus, samples from NC, PC and PC plus 10 U/g AHLase group were selected for further analysis. S. Typhimurium challenge impaired (P < 0.05) intestinal morphology, elevated (P < 0.05) ileal inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8) expression, and increased (P < 0.05) serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity on d 10. However, AHLase addition normalized these changes. Gut microbiota analysis on d 10 showed that AHLase reversed the reductions (P < 0.05) in several beneficial bacteria (e.g. Bacilli, Bacillales and Lactobacillales), along with increases (P < 0.05) in certain harmful bacteria (e.g. Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia/Shigella) in PC group. Furthermore, AHLase-induced increased beneficial bacteria and decreased harmful bacteria were basically negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with the reductions of ileal IL-1β and IL-8 expression and serum DAO activity, but positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the increased BW and ADG. Functional prediction revealed that AHLase abolished S. Typhimurium-induced upregulations (P < 0.05) of certain pathogenicity-related pathways such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, shigellosis, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and pathogenic Escherichia coli infection of gut microbiota.

Conclusions

Supplemental AHLase attenuated S. Typhimurium-induced growth retardation and intestinal disruption in broilers, which could be associated with the observed recovery of gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Application of carrot waste extract and Lactobacillus plantarum in Alyssum homalocarpum seed gum-alginate beads to create a functional synbiotic yogurt
Authors: Sharifi Zahra , Jebelli Javan Ashkan , Hesarinejad Mohammad Ali , Parsaeimehr Mahnoosh
Published: January 2023

One of the most recent and effective methods, which is currently receiving special attention and is being developed by numerous researchers, is production of microspheres from the probiotic cells. The largest market segment for functional foods is represented by dairy products, which have been touted as the most effective carriers of nutrients, such as probiotics, prebiotics, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Yogurt is fermented dairy product that is popular all over the world. A new functional symbiotic yogurt fabricated by plant wastes (carrot pomace extract), Lactobacillus plantarum, and beads based on Alyssum homolocarpum seed gum (AHSG) and sodium alginate (SA) using extrusion technique was produced and characterized. Evaluation of the functional properties of yogurts indicated that the total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were in the range of 16.13–48.30 µg GAE/ml and 7.4–14.64%, respectively. The acidity, pH, syneresis, water holding capacity, lightness, redness, and yellowness of the yogurts were in the range of 1.50–2.90, 4.07–4.38, 49.00–57.24%, 46.8–57.3%, 57.16–61.25, − 0.20–0.91, 6.40–13.06 on the 28th day storage, respectively. The panelists confirmed the sensory properties of yogurt samples. Probiotic survival rate of the functional yogurts were in the range of 6.37–8.13 log CFU/g, on the 28th day. Based on the results, bead production by AHSG and SA and the use of carrot pomace extract enhanced the survival of probiotic bacteria significantly in yogurt during storage compared to free cells.

Graphical Abstract
Single station bias calculation using data from calibrated GNSS station for various baseline distances
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Mubasshir
Published: January 2023

Precise ionospheric TEC can be derived from dual-frequency GNSS carrier phase leveled pseudorange measurements. However, differential code biases (DCB) of satellite and receiver are the main errors that cannot be ignored for precise TEC calculation. We have proposed a method of calculating station DCB using calibrated STEC data from a baseline GNSS station. The method is simply based on the understanding that the ionosphere observed by two baseline GNSS stations at the same universal time (UT) can be considered similar and would pose similar delay to the signals propagating to the two stations. The method is tested for different baseline distances of 250–1000 km and in different latitudinal regions. For 500 km baseline, the average DCB calculation error for one year data is less than 0.22 ns, 0.11 ns, and 0.25 ns for low, mid and high latitude regions, respectively. The most consistent results were obtained from high latitudes where the standard deviation remains less than 0.22 ns. The least accurate were the low latitude results where the spread of error were between 0.29 to 0.50 ns. Results showed that the accuracy and consistency of the DCB estimation reduced with the increasing baseline distance between the two participating GNSS stations. This was specifically true for low latitude regions.
The New Oncologic Diagnosis Discussion: Perspectives of Pediatric Oncologists
Authors: Six Kathryn A. , Wadhwa Aman , York Jocelyn M. , Adams Kandice , Henneberg Harrison , Bhatia Smita , Landier Wendy
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE:

We aimed to understand how new diagnosis discussions are conducted in pediatric oncology, and the training provided for their conduct.

METHODS:

This mixed-methods study used a sequential exploratory design. Qualitative interviews (n = 20) were conducted with pediatric oncologists (n = 15) and fellows (n = 5) at a single institution, focusing on the process used to convey the diagnosis and treatment plan to the family. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited pediatric oncology fellowship program directors (n = 38) and fellows (n = 70) were subsequently surveyed to confirm qualitative results and elucidate the training that fellows receive in conducting new diagnosis discussions.

RESULTS:

Our findings suggest that new diagnosis discussions in pediatric oncology are typically conducted in three stages: (1) concern for cancer; (2) confirmation of diagnosis; and (3) treatment plan/consent, and are fundamentally similar across settings; however, pediatric oncologists skillfully tailor their approach on the basis of clinical circumstances and parental needs. Decisions regarding inclusion of the child are primarily determined by parental preference, whereas inclusion of health care team members is driven by physician role (ie, trainee v program director) and health care organization–related factors. Physician preparation for discussions involves logistical, intellectual, and emotional components. Disclosure of prognosis is nuanced. There is variability across pediatric oncology fellowship programs in the provision of training for these discussions.

CONCLUSION:

We identified common practices of pediatric oncologists as they prepare for and lead new diagnosis discussions in pediatric oncology. We found variability in the training that pediatric oncology fellows receive regarding how to conduct these discussions, highlighting a need for standardized training curricula.
Pan-cancer Landscape of Programmed Death Ligand-1 and Programmed Death Ligand-2 Structural Variations
Authors: Hoskins Emily L. , Samorodnitsky Eric , Wing Michele R. , Reeser Julie W. , Hopkins Julia F. , Murugesan Karthikeyan , Kuang Zheng , Vella Raven , Stein Leah , Risch Zachary , Yu Lianbo , Adebola Serifat , Paruchuri Anoosha , Carpten John , Chahoud Jad , Edge Stephen , Kolesar Jill , McCarter Martin , Nepple Kenneth G. , Reilley Matthew , Scaife Courtney , Tripathi Abhishek , Single Nancy , Huang Richard S.P. , Albacker Lee A. , Roychowdhury Sameek
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) receptor and ligand interactions are the target of immunotherapies for more than 20 cancer types. Biomarkers that predict response to immunotherapy are microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry. Structural variations (SVs) in PD-L1 ( CD274) and PD-L2 ( PDCD1LG2) have been observed in cancer, but the comprehensive landscape is unknown. Here, we describe the genomic landscape of PD-L1 and PD-L2 SVs, their potential impact on the tumor microenvironment, and evidence that patients with these alterations can benefit from immunotherapy.

METHODS

We analyzed sequencing data from cancer cases with PD-L1 and PD-L2 SVs across 22 publications and four data sets, including Foundation Medicine Inc, The Cancer Genome Atlas, International Cancer Genome Consortium, and the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network. We leveraged RNA sequencing to evaluate immune signatures. We curated literature reporting clinical outcomes of patients harboring PD-L1 or PD-L2 SVs.

RESULTS

Using data sets encompassing 300,000 tumors, we curated 486 cases with SVs in PD-L1 and PD-L2 and observed consistent breakpoint patterns, or hotspots. Leveraging The Cancer Genome Atlas, we observed significant upregulation in PD-L1 expression and signatures for interferon signaling, macrophages, T cells, and immune cell proliferation in samples harboring PD-L1 or PD-L2 SVs. Retrospective review of 12 studies that identified patients with SVs in PD-L1 or PD-L2 revealed > 50% (52/71) response rate to PD-1 immunotherapy with durable responses.

CONCLUSION

Our findings show that the 3′-UTR is frequently affected, and that SVs are associated with increased expression of ligands and immune signatures. Retrospective evidence from curated studies suggests this genomic alteration could help identify candidates for PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. We expect these findings will better define PD-L1 and PD-L2 SVs in cancer and lend support for prospective clinical trials to target these alterations.
Luisa Capetillo and the Counter-Republic of Letters
Authors: Meléndez-Badillo Jorell A.
Published: January 2023

At the turn of the twentieth century, workers, anarchists, and intellectuals created a global resistance culture through print media, migration, and their radical imaginaries. The networks that animated this resistance culture gave way to the Counter-Republic of Letters. It was (and still operates as) a transnational intellectual community and means of communications between those that were cast outside Western modernity—that is, most of the world’s population. This essay explores how Luisa Capetillo became one of the many individuals who actively participated in the creation and expansion of the Counter-Republic of Letters in the Caribbean. In the process, she articulated multiple identities as a writer and a labor organizer. One hundred years after her death, Capetillo’s work carries radical potential and urgency in the present day.
Mimicking Seas and Malefic Mirrors in Suzanne Césaire
Authors: Catasús Natalie
Published: January 2023

While scholarship on Suzanne Césaire has illuminated the critical role of ecopoetics in her writing, the strong psychoanalytic resonances that underpin her theory of Caribbean aesthetics and identity remain underexplored. This essay suggests that these resonances must be read alongside her reflections on aesthetics—specifically, the relationship between art and nature—in order to elucidate a fuller picture of Césaire’s ecopoetic theory of Caribbean subject formation. The author examines Césaire’s writing on art and civilization within the context of her explicit engagement with surrealism and her more camouflaged engagement with Freudian psychoanalysis. Taken together, these threads reveal Césaire’s vision of Caribbean art as a collaborative rather than conquest-oriented relation between the self and the environment. The essay ultimately argues that Césaire’s investigations of aesthetics, visuality, and psychoanalysis led her to an ecologically grounded theory of Caribbean subject formation articulated through her vision of a totalité-vie (life-totality) that is accessed through artistic production.
The Legacies of Luisa Capetillo
Authors: Ramos Julio
Published: January 2023

This brief essay is an introduction to the work of Puerto Rican anarchist and feminist activist and writer Luisa Capetillo (1882–1922) and opens the special section on Capetillo in this issue of Small Axe.
Role of apoptotic inhibitors, viability, and differentiation in low oxygen tension of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in a rat model of ovarian failure
Authors: Safitri Erma , Purnobasuki Hery , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad , Chhetri Shekhar
Published: January 2023

Background:Stem cell therapy shows applications potential for malnutrition-induced ovarian failure in rat models. However, it is ineffective because of the lack of viability and differentiation of transplanted stem cells, resulting in low adaptation and survival rates. We aimed to determine whether stem cells cultured under low oxygen (O2) tension improves the adaptability and viability of stem cells, as well as ovarian failure.

Methods: After four days of culturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 21% oxygen (normoxia) as the T2 group and 1% oxygen (low O2or hypoxia) as the T1 group, 200 million bone marrow-derived MSCs per rat were transplanted into female rats with ovarian failure (15 rats per treatment group). A total of 15 fertile and 15 infertile rats were categorized as the C+ and C− groups, respectively.

Results: The slight increase in cells expressing HSP70 (C+, T2, T1, and C− groups were 0.5a±0.53, 1.7a±0.82, 6.2b±1.5, and 9.6c±1.3, respectively), decrease in cells expressing caspase-3 as an apoptotic inhibitor (C+, T2, T1, and C− groups were 0.2a±0.42, 0.6a±0.52, 4.8b±1.03, and 7.3c±1.42, respectively), and increase in cells expressing VEGF-1 (C+, T2, T1, and C− groups were 10.8c±1.55, 8.7b±0.48, 0.4a±0.52, and 0.2a±0.42, respectively) and GDF-9 (C+, T2, T1, and C− groups were 5.8c±1.47, 4.6b±0.97, 0.5a±0.53, and 0.3a±0.48, respectively) were used as markers for viability and differentiation in ovarian tissue, indicating that MSCs cultured under low O2tension were more effective than those cultured under normoxic conditions as a treatment for female rats with ovarian failure. Furthermore, infertile female rats treated with MSCs cultivated under low O2tension had an enhanced ovarian tissue shape, as indicated by the increasing Graafian follicle count (C+, T2, T1, and C− groups were 8.9c±0.74, 4.5b±0.71, 0.5a±0.53, and 0.4a±0.52, respectively).

Conclusions: MSCs cultured under low O2tension are an effective treatment for malnourished rats with ovarian failure.
Losy polskiej emigracji zarobkowej we Francji w latach kryzysu gospodarczego – nowe spojrzenie badawcze
Authors: Ambrochowicz-Gajownik Anna
Published: January 2023

Celem tekstu jest opisanie losów polskiej emigracji zarobkowej we Francji w latach kryzysu ekonomicznego. Tekst koncentruje się wokół niełatwej egzystencji Polaków, uzależnionej od wewnętrznej polityki Francji, związanej z zastosowaniem licznych obostrzeń, a także od ogólnych relacji polsko-francuskich. Emigracja polska stała się narzędziem w rozgrywkach między oboma krajami i dla obu stron była niejako obciążeniem.
O znaczeniu fałszywego świadectwa. Przypadek TW „Jakuba” a fikcje operacyjne SB dotyczące tajnych współpracowników
Authors: Wicenty Daniel
Published: January 2023

Autor analizuje przypadek fikcyjnego tajnego współpracownika ps. Jakub, rekonstruując okoliczności rejestracji i wyrejestrowania TW oraz osadzając go na tle innych fikcyjnych działań w Służbie Bezpieczeństwa. Dzięki koncepcji fałszywego świadectwa Robina G. Collingwooda zarysowany zostaje problem fikcji i fałszerstw obecnych w dokumentach operacyjnych SB. W zakończeniu podjęta jest próba syntezy kluczowych problemów dyskursu badawczego skupionego wokół tajnych współpracowników.
Polish Territorial Defence Forces and Innovation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Assessment of the Potential of a Mixed-type Force in Non-military Crisis Response
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Agata
Published: January 2023

Innovation can be understood in multiple ways. It can be seen as big breakthroughs and the introduction of entirely new inventions or as small, incremental changes introduced to existing products, processes, or solutions. Innovation can also be considered as a capability or a characteristic of individuals and organisations. It is viewed as one of the desired (if not crucial) aspects of functioning in a complex environment. This also refers to the armed forces and their activities during war and in response to crises. One of the biggest changes in the Polish Armed Forces in the second decade of the 21st century was the establishment of the Territorial Defence Forces (TDF), a mixed service comprising volunteer and full-time soldiers. This article aims to assess the innovative potential as well as the potential for innovation of such a mixed type of force in non-military crisis response by reviewing the key characteristics and actions carried out by the TDF.
Citizen’s Involvement in the Shaping of Local Security by the Use of a Digital Crime Mapping Tool Based on GIS
Authors: Polko Paulina
Published: January 2023

More and more advanced crime mapping methods have been used for several dozen years for imaging, analyzing, and, consequently, preventing, and combating crime. Initially, they served only specialized task units in charge of the fight against crime. Subsequently, they became sources of public information on the level of security in particular locations. The crucial requirement for the development of these methods in the third decade of the 21st century is related to the interaction with citizens, who turn from recipients of data into their co-creators by reporting threats occurring in their neighborhood. This article analyzes the National Map of Security Threats (Krajowa Mapa Zagrożeń Bezpieczeństwa, KMZB) implemented in Poland as a GIS-based tool to involve citizens in creating local security and a source of knowledge about the perception of personal safety by KMZB users.
Porównanie treści polskich i amerykańskich dokumentów strategicznych z zakresu bezpieczeństwa w latach 2001-2020
Authors: Hutyra Amelia , Sajduk Błażej
Published: January 2023

COMPARISON OF THE CONTENT OF POLISH AND AMERICAN STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS 2001-2020
The purpose of this article is to present the results of an analysis of the content of strategic documents on national security adopted by the United States and Poland between 2001 and 2020. The choice of the research field was determined by the place these documents occupy in the hierarchy of strategic texts related to state security. Due to the cooperation between both states and the Polish perception of the United States as the most important ally, the research task is to determine whether there is a convergence in the content of strategic documents issued by the Rzeczpospolita in relation to US documents. Furthermore, the paper examines to what extent the links between the two countries are reflected in the form and content of official strategic documents and in the description of threats. The text consists of three parts. The first is theoretical and focuses on describing the hierarchy of strategic documents in both countries. The second section presents a comparative analysis of the formal aspect and, therefore, how documents are adopted in the United States and in Poland. The last part of the article contains the conclusions of the analysis of the threats identified in the documents of both countries.
Contribution to the knowledge of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Colombia: New records of species and plant hosts with morphological notes
Authors: CABALLERO ALEJANDRO , KONDO TAKUMASA , RAMOS-PORTILLA ANDREA AMALIA , PALACIO EDGARD , DIX OSCAR
Published: January 2023

A total of 281 species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) have been recorded in Colombia, South America. New information on Colombian scale insect diversity is presented based on the morphological examination of slide-mounted specimens preserved in museums and newly collected material during field collecting surveys in the Atlantic and Pacific coasts (including Valle del Cauca) of Colombia. Specimens were prepared for microscopy and identified using a morphological approach. Eight species are recorded for the first time in Colombia: Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson, 2010 (Coccidae); Aspidiella hartii (Cockerell, 1895), Diaspis bromeliae (Kerner, 1778), Lepidosaphes tokionis (Kuwana, 1902), Pseudoparlatoria chiapensis Wolff, 2001 (Diaspididae); Comstockiella sabalis (Comstock, 1883) (Halimococcidae); Lecanodiaspis prosopidis (Maskell, 1895) (Lecanodiaspididae) and Phenacoccus tucumanus Granara de Willink, 1983 (Pseudococcidae). Taxonomic keys for scale species known from Colombia are provided for those genera which are newly recorded for the country. Additionally, new host records were found for 35 species previously recorded for Colombia: Pseudococcidae (11 spp.), Coccidae (11 spp.), Diaspididae (7 spp.), Aclerdidae (1 sp.), Eriococcidae (1 sp.), Monophlebidae (1 sp.), Ortheziidae (1 sp.), Putoidae (1 sp.) and Rhizoecidae (1 sp.).
AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DO SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL NO BRASIL: reflexões para o futuro do licenciamento ambiental no contexto da privatização do saneamento
Authors: Freitas Brandão Izabel , Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo Amarilis
Published: January 2023

Um projeto de lei, recentemente aprovado no congresso federal e encaminhado ao Senado, pode modificar o licenciamento do saneamento ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar a evolução das legislações de avaliação de impacto ambiental para sistemas de saneamento ambiental de modo a fornecer subsídios técnicos ao novo marco do licenciamento ambiental no contexto de privatização do saneamento. Este estudo bibliográfico e documental analisa normas e resoluções representativas do quadro legal aplicável às questões ambientais e hídricas. Os resultados indicam que o Brasil possui amplo escopo legal em matéria ambiental e de recursos hídricos fundamental para garantir diretrizes para licenciar projetos potencialmente degradadores, como são os sistemas de esgoto sanitário e abastecimento de água. Ainda que se vislumbre um cenário de aumento desses projetos pelo novo marco legal de saneamento básico, o novo marco do licenciamento surpreende negativamente ao exclui-los do rol de iniciativas submetidas à avaliação de impacto ambiental.
SUSTENTABILIDADE EM CONDOMÍNIOS RESIDENCIAIS VERTICAIS : Um estudo na região metropolitana de Campinas
Authors: Mina Falsarella Orandi , Silva de Oliveira Rafael , Angela Branchi Bruna , Ferreira Mariosa Duarcides
Published: January 2023

A sustentabilidade é um conceito que envolve três dimensões: a ambiental, a econômica e a social. Nesse sentido, a sustentabilidade deve ser uma preocupação dos condomínios residenciais verticais, uma vez que podem impactar negativamente o meio ambiente e a qualidade de vida das pessoas. No intuito de contribuir com esse tema é que este trabalho foi realizado. Dessa forma, o trabalho tem como objetivo verificar e caracterizar, sob as dimensões ambiental, econômica e social da sustentabilidade, a ocorrência de práticas sustentáveis em condomínios residenciais verticais da Região Metropolitana de Campinas. O método de pesquisa adotado foi a pesquisa exploratória, de natureza quali-quatitativa, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de uma pesquisa de campo. De modo geral, os resultados obtidos sugerem que os condomínios residenciais analisados colocam ênfase maior para a dimensão econômica e menor para as dimensões social e ambiental.
TIPOLOGIAS DE COPRODUÇÃO DO BEM PÚBLICO: estado da arte e agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Gouveia Júnior Antonio , Carlos Viana Bezerra Joacil , Eduardo Cavalcante Carlos
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o estado da arte sobre as tipologias de coprodução do bem público e como estas podem ser utilizadas no ciclo de políticas públicas. A pesquisa utilizou como método a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) e os estudos selecionados foram analisados na íntegra via análise de conteúdo categorial, visando identificar diferentes tipos de coprodução. A análise dos estudos teve foco nas seguintes categorias: objetivo do estudo, tipologias de coprodução e principais resultados. Os resultados mostram a variedade e complexidade dos modelos de coprodução, bem como não haver um modelo ou tipologia única para coprodução. Estudar os tipos de coprodução é relevante na compreensão do processo coprodutivo e suas consequências. Conhecer as tipologias pode ser útil aos gestores, uma vez que permite selecionar aquelas alinhadas aos objetivos propostos pela Administração Pública, funcionando como uma estratégia de gestão e contribuindo para melhorias no ciclo das políticas públicas.
PARQUES DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA COMO NÚCLEO DA QUÁDRUPLA HÉLICE: uma proposta para o desenvolvimento regional de Mato Grosso - Brasil
Authors: Barbosa Leite Diogo , Marcelo Faustino da Silva Carlos , Tomaz Caires Ricardo , Stefani Teixeira Clarissa , Augusto Biz Alexandre
Published: January 2023

Os parques de ciência e tecnologia são estruturas para promoção do desenvolvimento regional a partir da interação entre atores da inovação. Por meio do estabelecimento de fluxos de conhecimento, que subsidiam a criação de inovações, atuam como núcleo da quádrupla hélice entre universidade, empresa, governo e sociedade nos ecossistemas de inovação. Este estudo teve como objetivo propor ações para o desenvolvimento do Parque Tecnológico Mato Grosso a partir do modelo de quádrupla hélice. Empregou-se uma estratégia de estudo de caso, que contou com pesquisa documental, realização de entrevistas em profundidade e um grupo focal. Os dados foram interpretados a partir de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram a ausência de um “jogador forte” para o estabelecimento de um ecossistema de inovação no território. Para isso, algumas ações foram sugeridas considerando os aspectos da região, de modo a permitir ao parque consolidar uma ação mais integrada entre os membros da quádrupla hélice.
Editorial Edição V.39, n.116
Authors: G&R Editoria
Published: January 2023

Editorial G&R
Informações Editoriais 2022
Authors: G&R Editoria
Published: January 2023

Informações Editoriais de 2022
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root colonization in Polygonatum verticillatum
Authors: KUMAR AJAY , TAPWAL ASHWANI
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Kumar A, Tapwal A. 2022. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root colonization in Polygonatum verticillatum. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 53-63. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. was investigated in two sites of Himachal Himalaya, India. A total of 15 AMF species were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of P. verticillatum. The spore density was 1.48 ± 1.91 and 3.99 ± 3.78 per 20 gram of rhizosphere soil at site-I and site-II, respectively. Mycorrhizal colonization in the roots of P. verticillatum was recorded 46.12 and 52.23 percent at site-I and site-II, respectively. The mycorrhizal structures like darkly stained endophytic hyphae, coiled intracellular hyphae, Y-shaped hyphae and ‘H’ connection (Arum type) were recorded.
Phenotypically and genotypically estimation of virulence factors in Salmonella serovar typhi isolated from patients with enteric fever in Al- Najaf, Iraq
Authors: SALIM LIQAA , MOTAWEQ ZAHRAA YOSIF
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Zghair LS, Motaweq ZY, Lafta HC. 2022. Phenotypically and genotypically estimation of virulence factors in Salmonella serovar typhi isolated from patients with enteric fever in Al-Najaf, Iraq. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 128-133. Salmonella serovar Typhi, often known as enteric fever, causes typhoid fever and has been a major human infectious disease for centuries, surviving in poor sanitation and overcrowding. Only 64 (58.1%) Gram-negative bacteria were found from the 110 total specimens, with 46 (41.8%) Gram-positive bacteria. The 64 samples were divided into 42 (65.6%) males and 22 (34.4%) females. This work presents the isolation and identification of 64 Salmonella typhi isolates obtained from specimens. In addition, the flagellin gene was found in 64 isolated probable typhoid fever patients (fliC-d). In this study, phenotypic techniques were used to detect several virulence factors. The results showed that small colonies of L-form bacteria grow on the edges of a petri dish when one of the ?-lactam antibiotics (a class of antibiotics that includes penicillin) is given to wild-type bacteria, showing 52 (81.3%) of isolates could produce L-form and observed in 44 (68.75%). The ability to generate CFA/I and CFA/II were found in 68.7% of isolates. The large percentage of CFA produced showed CFA/III production, 64 (100%).
Acute toxicity, biochemical and histological of fenitrothion and thiobencarb on fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Fouad Mohamed Riad , El-Aswad Ahmed Farahat , Aly Maher Ibrahim
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Fouad MR, El-Aswad AF, Aly MI. 2022. Acute toxicity, biochemical and histological of fenitrothion and thiobencarb on fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nusantara Bioscience 14: 217-226. The results show that the tested fenitrothion and thiobencarb are highly toxic to fish. However, fenitrothion is more toxic (1.6 times) on Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) than thiobencarb. The determined 96-h LC50 values using a static bioassay system to Nile tilapia fingerlings (8-10 g) were 0.20 and 0.32 mg L-1 for fenitrothion and thiobencarb, respectively. The mortality rate of fish exposed to ½ 96-h LC50 of fenitrothion (0.10 mg/L) and thiobencarb (0.16 mg/L) for four days demonstrated was 20% mortality rate. Fish showed tremors, lethargy, decreased movement, and increased respiratory rhythm. The total activity of AChE in control was 5.61 ±0.03; it was significantly reduced to 4.92 ±0.03 in fenitrothion treatment and 1.13 ±0.02 in thiobencarb treatment. Fenitrothion decreased the specific activity from 0.83 ±0.01 for the control to 0.68 ±0.01, whereas thiobencarb reduced the specific activity to 0.22 ±0.01. Generally, thiobencarb inhibited AChE activity much more than fenitrothion; it produced 80% inhibition, while fenitrothion produced 12.5% inhibition. It showed a significant increase in liver GST and SOD activity of Nile tilapia exposed to the tested pesticides compared to the control. There were no histological alterations in the tissues of the control individuals. It was found that the herbicide thiobencarb affected the gills, kidneys, and liver of Nile tilapia more than the insecticide fenitrothion.
PERCEPÇÃO DE VALOR DA ARQUITETURA DE PROCESSOS POR GESTORES DE STARTUPS
Authors: Martins Maria Eduarda , De Pádua Silvia Inês Dallavalle
Published: January 2023

O panorama atual, extremamente dinâmico e de intensas mudanças, em que as startups estão inseridas, implica em uma maior preocupação com a gestão e adaptação dos processos. Dessa forma, o objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar a percepção de valor da Arquitetura de Processos (AP) pelos gestores de startups. Trata-se um estudo de casos, de caráter qualitativo e exploratório, desenvolvido por meio de entrevistas em três startups. Os resultados indicam uma percepção positiva e favorável em relação à AP. Os gestores ressaltam sua contribuição principalmente na identificação de problemas prioritários, na construção de uma visão hierárquica e ponta a ponta dos processos, além da visão de interligação entre eles, o que fornece uma visão holística da empresa. Apesar de alguns aspectos terem sido regularmente avaliados, como a identificação de medidas de desempenho, a recomendação e a percepção positiva da AP foram unânimes entre os gestores.
A DIFUSÃO DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO ATIVAS NO ENSINO EM CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA FEDERAL
Authors: LIMA THALES BATISTA DE
Published: January 2023

O artigo busca compreender a percepção de discentes de um curso de graduação em ciências contábeis em uma instituição de ensino superior emrelação ao uso de estratégias de ensino ativas em uma disciplina de cunhoteórico-prática. Fundamenta-se pelas discussões teóricas recentes acerca das estratégias de ensino ativas no ambiente de ensino e aprendizagem. Baliza-se pelo interpretativismo, cuja abordagem metodológica é a qualitativa. O estudo ocorre em uma disciplina de um curso de ciências contábeis de uma universidade pública. Foi realizado um grupo focal com estudantes da disciplina, tendo encontrado na análise do discurso a melhor técnica para discutir os resultados. Portanto, foram identificados a satisfaçãopor distintas estratégias de ensino ativas, o impacto delas no desenvolvimento de conhecimentos e competências, além do incentivo ao comprometimento do aluno. Porém, reflete-se fatores mediadores na difusão da aplicação de estratégias de ensino ativas para promover uma formação consistente. Conclui-se que a difusão por tal uso nos cursos de ciênciascontábeis ainda apresenta algumas barreiras a serem superadas.
A UNIÃO FAZ A FORÇA: O USO DO FINANCIAMENTO COLETIVO PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA INOVAÇÃO SOCIAL CONTRA A COVID-19
Authors: De Souza João-Roland Iraci , Elizete Kunkel Maria , A. J. Roland Daniel
Published: January 2023

A pandemia de Covid-19 mostrou a necessidade de Inovação Social (IS). A contribuição desse artigo é analisar o processo de (IS), avaliando o engajamento da sociedade através do financiamento coletivo como viabilizador da inovação. Um estudo de caso único foi conduzido com o Projeto Hígia. Por meio de entrevistas, análise de reportagens e informes do projeto, os dados da pesquisa foram coletados e posteriormente categorizados de acordo com as fases do processo de IS. Os resultados foram comparados com a literatura de gestão da IS e indicaram que o financiamento coletivo pode viabilizar os estágios iniciais do processo de IS, porém outras estratégias como parcerias-chave e bom relacionamento com o poder público são necessários para aumentar a escala da IS. A iteração e o uso de protótipos na fase de ideação, o reemprego de conhecimentos existentes e a experiência prévia em economia colaborativa foram outros fatores importantes para que a IS fosse implementada e um valor social entre USD$ 116,00 e USD$ 103.000,00 fosse gerado.
FRONT MATTER
Authors: Matter Front
Published: January 2023

http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/depik/about/editorialTeam
Entre la esperanza y la desazón
Authors: Skewes Juan Carlos , Guerra Debbie Elena
Published: January 2023

El deterioro de la causa mapuche en la opinión pública chilena a partir del rechazo a una nueva constitución es sintomático de un giro político hacia posiciones más conservadoras e intolerantes a la plurinacionalidad. La noción de un Estado espasmódico permite analizar este giro en el que las clases dirigentes −merced a la pandemia, a los estados de excepción, a los subsidios de emergencia y a la propaganda− robustecen su hegemonía. En los territorios mapuche, donde el Estado es exiguo, tales maniobras, aunque logran su propósito inmediato, arriesgan en el mediano plazo la estabilidad política y exacerban la conflictividad local. La lectura de lo que allí ocurre permite identificar las fuentes de esta conflictividad, pero también vislumbrar iniciativas autonómicas acerca de otros modos de construir democracia, más allá de la gramática que en estos territorios intenta imponerse.
Revisión del conflicto y causa mapuche en 2021: Una narrativa desde la escucha social
Authors: Lawrence Mujica Tomás , Duran Patricio , Rolle Catalina
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo analiza hechos destacados en el año 2021 vinculados al pueblo mapuche desde una metodología de escucha social. A partir de más de tres millones de menciones extraídas desde Twi tter y sitios de prensa en internet, se construyó una narrativa que busca representar cronológicamente lo que fue este año para las comunidades mapuche, en el contexto de la l legada de sus representantes poder político y al conflicto permanente con el Esta do de Chile, que continuó en su escalada de violencia. A través de los datos recopilados en redes sociales se busca presentar las contrapuestas narrativas que encontramos a lo largo del año estudiado.
The agenda and framing of water problems in Mexico City in the press from 2019 to 2022
Authors: García Lirios Cruz , Bustos Aguayo José Marcos , Sandoval Vázquez Francisco Rubén
Published: January 2023

The aim of this work was to establish the press framing networks surrounding water problems in Mexico City. A documentary study was carried out with press releases related to scarcity, shortages, unsanitary conditions and famine during the period from 2012 to 2022. The results show a discreet framing of the press, although the structure of such framing suggests the representation of the problem as one of shortage and its solution as the increase in tariffs, suggesting the need to extend our research to other scenarios and samples of coverage by the printed media.