bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Generation Z's Preferences for Halal Cosmetics in the Context of Halal Lifestyle
Authors: Utami Bayu
Published: February 2025

This research article aims to explore the preferences of Generation Z towards halal cosmetics in the context of halal lifestyle, using a qualitative approach that is relevant to the development of research in the last five years. Generation Z, as a group of consumers who are critical and aware of ethical values, is the main concern in this study. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with Generation Z respondents who have an interest in halal cosmetics, as well as analysis of documents related to halal lifestyle trends. The study found that Generation Z's preference for halal cosmetics is not only based on the halal aspect of the product, but also includes the values of sustainability, transparency, and production ethics. In addition, social media and digital influences are significant factors in shaping their perceptions and purchasing decisions. This study makes an important contribution to the halal cosmetics industry in understanding the needs and expectations of Generation Z consumers, as well as supporting the development of marketing strategies that are in line with the modern halal lifestyle. The findings also emphasize the need for product innovation that not only complies with halal standards, but also considers aspects of sustainability and ethical values that are relevant to today's consumer preferences.
Implementation of Green Accounting and Environmentally Friendly Work Culture in Increasing the Competitiveness of Local MSMEs
Authors: Sari Gema Ika
Published: February 2025

Global changes towards sustainability encourage Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to adopt environmentally friendly business practices. Green Accounting and environmentally friendly work culture emerged as a strategy that can increase the competitiveness of MSMEs by integrating environmental aspects in business operations. This study aims to analyze the application of Green Accounting and environmentally friendly work culture in local MSMEs, as well as identify their impact on business competitiveness. The study also explores the supporting factors and constraints in the implementation of sustainability practices. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation methods, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Data was collected from a number of MSMEs in Grogol District, Cilegon, who have begun to adopt the concept of sustainability in their businesses. Thematic analysis is used to identify patterns and relationships between Green Accounting, environmentally friendly work culture, and business competitiveness. The study found that the implementation of Green Accounting is still in its infancy, with a focus on energy efficiency and waste reduction. An eco-friendly work culture is beginning to be implemented, although it is still limited to basic aspects such as plastic reduction and energy savings. The positive impact of this practice includes increased operational efficiency, better business image, and increased customer loyalty. However, challenges such as lack of understanding, technological limitations, and lack of supporting policies are still the main obstacles to implementation.
Dynamics of Chinese Muslim Development in Medan City, 1965-1998
Authors: Siregar Rahmad Husein , Syam Abdi Mubarak
Published: February 2025

This research examines the dynamics of Chinese Muslim development in Medan City in the period 1965-1998. Using the historical method and literature review approach, this research analyzes the development and changes that occurred in the Chinese Muslim community in Medan during the New Order period. The results show that the position and role of Chinese Muslims underwent significant changes during the period, from post-G30S/PKI stigmatization to a more positive portrayal of their contributions in the social, economic and religious fields. The formation of the Persatuan Islam Tionghoa Indonesia (PITI) in 1961 and its transformation into Pembina Iman Tauhid Indonesia in 1972 were important milestones in the development of this community. Despite facing various challenges such as discrimination and negative stereotypes, Chinese Muslims in Medan managed to build their dual identity as Muslims and Chinese through a complex process of cultural assimilation and social interaction. This research reveals that the socio-political dynamics of the period affected the public perception and integration process of the Chinese Muslim community into the wider Medan society.
Internalization of Local Leadership Wisdom Values in Learning Agenda 1 of Pancasila Leadership (A Study on BPSDM Southeast Sulawesi Province)
Authors: Rahman Ruslan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to discover the values of local leadership wisdom in Southeast Sulawesi, especially Buton, which are in line with Pancasila leadership values to be used to enrich Pancasila Leadership learning materials in Leadership Training. The research is a type of qualitative research with a Grounded Research model with data collection techniques using literature study, participant observation, in-depth interviews and researchers as data collection tools. The research results show that there are three groups of local leadership wisdom values, namely: 1). The binci-binciki coolie value group consists of Po mae-maeka (fear each other), po maa-maasiaka (love each other), po pia-piara (take care of each other) and po Angka-angkataka (respect each other). 2). Islamic period value group consisting of: Bolimo arata somanamo karo, Bolimo karo somanamo lipu, Bolimo lipu somanamo sara and Bolimo sara somanamo religion, and 3). The Bharata Keledupa Value Group is called Gau satoto which consists of Tara (tough), Turu (steadfast), Toro (istiqomah), Taba (brave) and Toto (honest). The strategies for internalizing local values in learning are: case studies, giving assignments, involving local leaders in learning, field studies and screening documentary films.
“Participation Effect” in ASMR-Discourse: Immersive Video Texts
Authors:   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Yevgrafova Yu.
Published: February 2025

This paper sets out to discuss ASMR discourse. The subject of the study is the properties of constructing the “participation effect” in it. The main goal is to examine ASMR discourse, in particular that is formed in immersive video texts, from the point of view of creat­ing a special way of perception — the “participation effect”. In ad­dition to interpretation, analysis and synthesis, the descriptive method, the method of contextual analysis and the communica­tive-pragmatic methods were used. It was found that the discur­sive-semiotic space of the considered fragment of ASMR discourse is built on the basis of cooperation between the author of the video text and its viewer. In ASMR videotexts, the “participation effect” is achieved, first, through intersubjectivity, which is based on poly­modal synchronization of verbal and non-verbal components, and, second, through referential illusion, which provides recognition and full understanding of what is happening on the screen. The results obtained are of interest for the research of the semiotics of complex forms, in particular, for the development of methodological tools to identify signs of conscious manipulation of the addressee, and can also be used as applied when working on the extraction of content and conceptual information of the screen message.
Cognitive Mechanisms of Sense Development in Memes as Creolised Texts
Authors:   MGIMO University, Lepenysheva A.
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the cognitive mechanisms of sense development in memes, specifically focusing on the conceptual mapping involving concepts realized by iconic signs in creolized texts. For this study, a corpus of 500 Russian and English memes was collected in 2022 using a comprehensive sampling method from social networks. It has been found that the most productive mechanisms include cognitive metaphor, blending and identity. Iconic elements in memes serve three key functions: actualizing a component of cognitive mapping, structuring the process of mapping, and facilitating comprehension of complex concepts. This allows memes to become a global phenomenon, understandable to a wide audience with diverse cultural backgrounds.
Determination of the Orientation of Interpretation of Reality by the Example of Linguistic Constructions of Philosophical Discourse
Authors:   Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Air Defense of the Ministry of Defense, Petryakov L.
Published: February 2025

The article considers four models of interpretation of reality: idealization, dialecticism, eternal return and symbolic (value) exchange. The topic of the article is the determination of the orientation of the interpretation of reality in philosophical texts. The purpose of this work is to discover a way of understanding reality characteristic of individual societies, states, historical ep­ochs, set by a certain philosophy. Research method: critical dis­course analysis. Result: the types of interpretation of reality are identified, their characteristic features, logical-linguistic mech­anisms of formation and manifestation in social reality are shown. This result can be used as a probable knowledge of which aspects of reality are essential for the interlocutor, the opponent and vice versa. Conclusion: the orientation of the interpretation of reality is determined by the usual words that fix elementary ideas about the world, simple actions. These words, being used as key words in philosophical texts, become categories and define the mental space of many people. They form a stable basis of mythologies and worldviews.
The Effect of Remote Working Model on Organizational Commitment: An Application in the IT Sector in Turkey
Authors: Murat Kadıoğlu  , Murat Kasımoğlu
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This research aimed to examine the effect of the remote working model on organizational commitment in the IT sector in Turkey.
Methods: A survey consisting of the Remote Working Scale and the Organizational Commitment Scale was conducted on 398 participants working in the IT sector in Turkey. The results were analyzed using structural equations and generalized linear model methods.
Results: According to the results of the SEM analysis, the effect of the remote working model on the emotional commitment levels of employees was negatively affected by work-life conflict, while effectiveness/productivity and institutional trust were positively affected. Flexibility did not have any significant contribution to the effect of the remote working model on emotional commitment. While work-life conflict and effectiveness/productivity had significant effects on the effect of the remote working model on continuance commitment, the effects of institutional trust and flexibility were not significant. The effects of work-life study, effectiveness/productivity, institutional trust and flexibility on the effect of the remote working model on normative commitment are all statistically significant.
Conclusion: Organizational commitment, which is an important indicator of the belonging of employees to the organization and their level of work for that organization, affects affective and normative commitment, but not commitment to continue working in the remote work model. This study showed that organizational commitment has important managerial significance in determining the organizational behavior of employees in the remote work model.
Effectiveness of Cooperative Script Learning Method on Students' Collaboration Skills
Authors: Azzahro Shofia Salma , Burhanuddin Hamam , Nisa Ida Fauziyatin
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the effectiveness of the Cooperative script learning method on student collaboration skills in class X Aqidah akhlak subjects at MAN 2 Bojonegoro. This study is motivated by MAN 2 Bojonegoro school which is still using conventional methods such as lectures, questions and answers and writing. Therefore students are sleepy and unfocused, this factor is the basis for applying the Cooperative script learning method with collaboration skills. This learning activity is assumed to be on the principles of learning that can only be done when all students are active in learning activities in groups, with the teacher's role only as a facilitator. The approach taken in this research is a quantitative approach. With the type of experimental research. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, the following results were obtained: (1) that the use of Cooperative Script learning method affects students' collaboration skills. (2) The advantage in applying the Cooperative Script learning method is that it makes students active in learning.
Prevalence and consequences of stigma associated with migraine in a rural Indian headache clinic
Authors: Shukla Shilpi , Joshi Divya Amit , Desai Devangi , Patel Mamta Roshan , Desai Soaham
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder, remains under-recognized and stigmatized, potentially impeding optimal management. This study aimed to quantify migraine-related stigma and its associations in a rural Indian setting, addressing a critical knowledge gap in low-resource contexts. Primary objectives: This study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of perceived stigma among migraine patients in a rural neurology clinic. Secondary objectives: This study was to examine the relationship between stigma levels and headache impact severity and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with higher stigma.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 100 migraine patients diagnosed per International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition criteria at a rural tertiary care hospital in Gujarat, India. Perceived stigma was measured using the culturally adapted stigma scale for chronic illness (SSCI-8), and headache impact was assessed using the headache impact test (HIT-6). Correlations and regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations.

Results

The mean total SSCI-8 score was 16.77 (standard deviation = 5.98), indicating moderate perceived stigma. A significant positive correlation was observed between total SSCI-8 and HIT-6 scores (r = 0.25, P = 0.014), persisting after adjustment for confounders (adjusted r = 0.22, P = 0.027). Participants with only primary education reported significantly higher enacted (P < 0.001) and internalized (P = 0.027) stigma compared to those with higher education. Regular clinic follow-up was associated with lower stigma scores (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

This study revealed substantial perceived stigma among migraine patients in rural India, with a novel finding of a non-linear relationship between education levels and stigma. The significant association between stigma and headache impact underscores the need for targeted interventions. These insights can inform the development of culturally sensitive, community-based anti-stigma initiatives and support services, potentially improving migraine management and outcomes in underserved rural populations.
Study of hemodynamics and microcirculation of the eye in pregnant women   with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russia, Pomytkina N.V. ,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russia,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Analysis of the state of hemodynamics and microcirculation of the eye in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Material and methods. 248 pregnant women with GDM and 60 healthy women with physiological gestation, and depending on the timing (trimester), GSD1, GSD2, and GSD3 were identified. The following were examined: subfoveal choroidal thickness, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters, color Doppler mapping (CDM) in the central retinal artery (CRA) and posterior short ciliary arteries (PSCA).

Results. There were no significant differences in choroidal thickness and OCTA parameters between pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant women, and in subgroups with different periods of GDM onset. In patients with GDM, a decrease in blood flow velocity indices in the CRA and PSCA was found, with the exception of the end-diastolic velocity in the PSCA, as well as the resistance index in the PSCA, compared to the control group. This was associated with vasodilation in the ophthalmic artery system at the level of large vessels, while maintaining stable perfusion at the level of the microcirculatory bed due to autoregulation mechanisms.

Conclusion. No significant differences in subfoveal choroidal thickness and OCTA indices were found in the third trimester in pregnant women with GDM and with physiological gestation, including at different stages of its onset. In this trimester, a decrease in most blood flow velocity indices in the CAS and PCCAA, as well as the resistance index in the latter, was noted, compared to the control. At the same time, at different stages of GDM manifestation, there were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters in the PCCAA and CAS in the third trimester.

Key words: gestational diabetes, OCT angiography, ocular microcirculation, color Doppler mapping
Historical Perspectives and Current Understanding of Nutritional Science: From Industry Influence to Metabolic Insights
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology of Chiba University, Japan, Bikbova G.М. ,   WONM Graduate University Japan School CEO, Japan,   Fusion Inc., Japan,   Sana SANA Nutrients, Spain,   High Performance Brain, Netherlands
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the scientific and academic community has witnessed both groundbreaking discoveries and significant controversies. These developments underscore the profound impact of historical practices, technological innovation, and emerging research on societal and scientific paradigms. This review delves into notable cases, such as the controversial 2006 Alzheimer’s study published in Nature, which raised concerns about research integrity, and the sugar industry’s historical influence on dietary guidelines. The discussion also explores the rise of industrial seed oils and their implications for human health, particularly regarding the roles of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in inflammation and disease. Advances in cellular biology, including the critical mechanism of vesicular fusion, are examined for their implications in health and disease. Furthermore, the review highlights the intricate relationship between peroxisomal metabolism, fatty acids, and retinal health, particularly in conditions like diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. These insights illuminate the need for rigorous scientific methodologies, ethical research practices, and interdisciplinary collaboration to address contemporary health challenges and foster progress.

Key words: metabolism, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinas, bile
Late results of using allogeneic and synthetic orbital implants after enucleation of the eyeball
Authors:   SRCOH named T.I. Eroshevsky, Samara, Russian Federation, Tsurova L.M. ,   Eye Research Institute of SSMU, Samara, Russian Federation, Malov V.M. ,   SRCOH named T.I. Eroshevsky, Samara, Russian Federation,   Eye Research Institute of SSMU, Samara, Russian Federation, Eroshevskaja E.B. ,   SRCOH named T.I. Eroshevsky, Samara, Russian Federation,   Eye Research Institute of SSMU, Samara, Russian Federation, Milyudin E.S. ,   Eye Research Institute of SSMU, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The problem of choosing the optimal implantation material for the formation of musculoskeletal formation, despite the presence of a wide range of implants of different origin, remains relevant today.

Purpose. Analysis and evaluation of the longterm results of musculoskeletal formation when using porous allogeneic and non-porous polymeric implants after enucleation.

Material and мethods. The clinical study included 17 patients with the effects of severe injuries to the eyeball, operated by enucleation. The article presents techniques of formation of a stump after enucleation when using porous and non-porous orbital implants selected according to individual orbital parameters. Mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out.

Results. The analysis of the remote results of surgical treatment was carried out and functional and cosmetic parameters of prosthetics were evaluated 2 years and 5 years after the operation on five criteria.

Conclusion.  The porous structure of the allogenic implant ensures its integration with the orbital tissues, which allows the formation of an adequate support stump for the eye prosthesis with good functional and cosmetic performance. The ability to choose an orbital implant according to the individual characteristics of each patient plays a key role in the successful prevention and treatment of anophthalmic syndrome.

Key words: biointegration, porous structure, orbital implant, enucleation, locomotor stump, eye prosthesis
Gingival Biotype and Width of Attached Gingiva - A Prevalence Study
Authors:   Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan., Javaid Maaz Asad , Mirza Asaad Javaid , Ikram Kashif , Khan Muhammad Farhan , Ahmed Rafay
Published: February 2025

AIMS: This study aims to assess the frequency of thick and thin gingival biotypes and the width of attached gingiva (WAG) in a specific subset of the Pakistani population.
METHODOLOGY: Anterior teeth in both arches were utilized for all the measurements of gingival type and width. The Gingival biotype was assessed by TRAN method at mid-buccal area of the tooth. To estimate the width of attached gingiva, pocket depth was subtracted from the total width of attached gingiva which is found from gingival margins to mucogingival junction. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version-20.
RESULTS: Out of 400 participants, 56.3% (225) were male and 43.8% (175) were female. Among them, 57% had a thick gingival biotype, while 43% had a thin biotype. In the maxillary arch, younger age groups, particularly those aged 20-30, predominantly exhibited thick biotypes. The mandibular arch showed similar trends. The maximum average width in the maxillary arch was 5 mm. In the mandibular arch, the most common keratinized gingiva width was 4 mm. Gender comparisons revealed no significant relationship between the type of gingival tissue and the width of the keratinized gingiva in both arches.
CONCLUSION: It has been demonstrated that thick biotype was more prevalent in population with maxillary arch having significant findings. However, the thickness of gingivae reduces with increasing age.
KEYWORDS: Attached gingiva, gingival biotype, Gingival thickness, Trans gingival probing
Patient’s Insights and Experience about the Root Canal Treatment among the Teaching Institutes in Karachi Pakistan
Authors:   Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Ahmed Muhammad , Moiz Ali , Aliuddin Azam Muhammad , Abdullah Faryal , Askary Syed Hussain , Ali Jawaid
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore how adult patients perceive RCT and how their perceptions change before and after treatment. METHODOLOGY: Three hundred patients presenting for an endodontic visit were recruited for the study. A questionnaire was given. Patients' worries with RCT were identified using modified Visual Analog Scales (0-100%) and multiple choice questionnaires were used to record levels of pain and anxiety both pretreatment and posttreatment.

RESULTS: The most common pretreatment concerns were future maintenance (40%) which increased to (47%) after the treatment and pain during treatment (20%) which decreased to 7% posttreatment.

CONCLUSION: Results suggest that anticipated pain is bigger than the pain experienced during treatment and that after the treatment, anxiety for future RCT was significantly reduced.

KEYWORDS: Pain Perception, Anxiety, Anticipated Pain, Pulpitis, Insight
Pociągi logistyczne i AGV – definicja oraz charakterystyka
Authors: Osieczko-Potoczna Kornelia
Published: February 2025

Artykuł stanowi usystematyzowanie wiedzy z obszaru dwóch wybranych rozwiązań intralogistycznych, których pojęcia często pojawiają się w kontekście przemysłu 4.0 lub przemysłu 5.0. Przedstawiono dwa wybrane rozwiązania znajdujące zastosowanie w transporcie wewnętrznym. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury zdefiniowano pociągi logistyczne oraz pojazdy sterowane automatycznie AGV. Wyszczególniono metody formowania zestawów holowniczych pociągów logistycznych oraz typów naczep wraz z ich charakterystyką. W przypadku pojazdów AGV dokonano podziału ze względu na rodzaj pojazdu, metody nawigacji oraz stosowane jednostki ładunkowe.
Метод генерации вопросов закрытого типа с использованием LLM
Authors: Дагаев А.Е.
Published: February 2025

В исследовании представлен метод генерации вопросов закрытого типа, использующий большие языковые модели (LLM) для повышения качества и релевантности создаваемых вопросов. Предложенная структура объединяет этапы генерации, верификации и корректировки, что позволяет не исключать некачественные вопросы, а улучшать их с использованием обратной связи. Метод был протестирован на трех популярных наборах данных: SQuAD, Natural Questions и RACE. Ключевые метрики оценки ROUGE, BLEU и METEOR стабильно показывали улучшения производительности на всех протестированных моделях. В исследовании использовались четыре варианта LLM: O1, O1-mini, GPT-4o и GPT-4o-mini, при этом O1 достигла наивысших результатов по всем наборам данных и метрикам. Экспертная оценка показала увеличение точности до 14,4 % по сравнению с генерацией без верификации и корректировки. Полученные результаты подчеркивают эффективность метода в обеспечении большей ясности, фактической корректности и контекстуальной релевантности в сгенерированных вопросах. Сочетание автоматизированной верификации и корректировки дополнительно улучшает результаты, демонстрируя потенциал LLM в совершенствовании задач генерации текста. Результаты работы будут полезны исследователям в области обработки естественного языка, образовательных технологий, а также специалистам, работающим над адаптивными системами обучения и программным обеспечением корпоративного обучения.

This study presents a method for closed-ended question generation leveraging large language models (LLM) to improve the quality and relevance of generated questions. The proposed framework combines the stages of generation, verification, and refinement, which allows for the improvement of low-quality questions through feedback rather than simply discarding them. The method was tested on three widely recognized datasets: SQuAD, Natural Questions, and RACE. Key evaluation metrics, including ROUGE, BLEU, and METEOR, consistently showed performance gains across all tested models. Four LLM configurations were used: O1, O1-mini, GPT-4o, and GPT-4o-mini, with O1 achieving the highest results across all datasets and metrics. Expert evaluation revealed an accuracy improvement of up to 14.4% compared to generation without verification and refinement. The results highlight the method's effectiveness in ensuring greater clarity, factual correctness, and contextual relevance in generated questions. The combination of automated verification and refinement further enhances outcomes, showcasing the potential of LLMs to refine text generation tasks. These findings will benefit researchers in natural language processing, educational technology, and professionals working on adaptive learning systems and corporate training software.
FC2DES: Modeling 2D electronic spectroscopy for harmonic Hamiltonians
Authors: Allan Lucas , Zuehlsdorffs Tim
Published: February 2025

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) can provide detailed insight into the energy transfer and relaxation dynamics of chromophores by directly measuring the nonlinear response function of the system. However, experiments are often difficult to interpret, and the development of computationally affordable approaches to simulate experimental signals is desirable. For linear spectroscopy, optical spectra of small to medium-sized molecules can be efficiently calculated in the Franck-Condon approach. Approximating the nuclear degrees of freedom as harmonic around the ground- and excited-state minima, closed-form expressions for the exact finite-temperature linear response function can be derived using path-integral approaches, fully accounting for Duschinsky mode-mixing effects. In the present work, we demonstrate that a path-integral approach can be utilized to yield analogous closed-form expression for the finite-temperature nonlinear (third-order) response function of harmonic nuclear Hamiltonians. The resulting approach, named FC2DES, is implemented on graphics processing units (GPUs), allowing efficient computations of 2DES signals for medium-sized molecules containing hundreds of normal modes. Benchmark comparisons against the widely used cumulant method for computing 2DES signals are performed on small model systems, as well as the nile red molecule. We highlight the advantages of the FC2DES approach, especially in systems with moderate Duschinsky mode mixing and for long delay times in the nonlinear response function, where low-order cumulant approximations are shown to fail.
Atomically Precise Single-Site Pt Catalyst via Dual-Confinements for Enhanced Low-Temperature Exhaust Oxidation
Authors: Liu Qin , Hou Zhenhao , Yu Yanghong , Chen Zhihengyu , Huang Yucheng , Wu Chuanqiang , Bi Wentuan , Chapman Karena W. , Hupp Joseph T.
Published: February 2025

Developing single-site catalysts (SSCs) with thermal stability and high activity towards exhaust oxidation is crucial yet challenging, due to sintering at severe reaction temperature and limited activity. Here, we report a Pt SSC with atomic-precision structures confined by both polyoxometalate (POM) and Zr-based Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) NU1K, exhibits high oxidation activity and stability towards exhaust oxidation. Difference envelope density (DED) and pair distribution function (PDF) analyses showed that isolated PtV9O28 clusters are well-maintained in the c-pores of NU1K. The node-bound formate facilitates partial reduction of isolated Pt (IV) species in single crystals to Pt (II) species in isolated PtV9O28 clusters after encapsulation in NU1K with the generation of oxygen vacancy as demonstrated by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). When the simultaneous oxidation of CO, C3H6, and C3H8 was performed on these fully exposed single-Pt sites, the T100 (temperature at 100% conversion) for CO and C3H6 oxidation significantly decreased by 100 °C on PtV9O28@NU1K compared to that of PtV9O28/ZrO2. Meanwhile, it completely oxidizes C3H8 at 260 °C, but C3H8 oxidation does not occur on PtV9O28/ZrO2 until 470 °C. Theoretical calculation shows C3H8 molecules are easily absorbed to Pt sites on isolated PtV9O27 cluster with the adsorption energy of -1.84eV. These molecularly defined SSCs structures facilitate understanding the origins of catalyst activity and designing fully dispersed catalysts with maximum atom efficiency.
Zero- to Ultralow-field Control of Hyperpolarized Nuclear Spin Orders in Acetonitrile Solvent
Authors: Xu Jingyan , Kircher Raphael , Picazo-Frutos Roman , Budker Dmitry , Barskiy Danila
Published: February 2025

Zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides ac- cess to untruncated spin-spin interactions and—with its simplified instrumentation demands—emerges as a promising tool for chemical fingerprinting and fundamental physics. However, ZULF NMR J-spectra typically suffer from poor signal-to-noise ra- tios (SNRs) due to the low natural abundance of many heteronuclei. In this work we employ hyperpolarization via Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) and various preparation, evolution, and signal detection schemes to demonstrate the control of many (10+) hyperpolarized nuclear spin orders in the XA3 spin system di- rectly inside a ZULF apparatus (here X corresponds to the 15N spin and A3 corresponds to the three protons). Acetonitrile solvent with natural isotopic abundance is used as a chemical model of the XA3 system. The results underscore the versatility and precision of ZULF NMR, highlighting its potential for applications in precision chemistry and fundamental physics.
An Efficient Workflow for Generation of Conformational Ensembles of Density Functional Theory Quality: Dimers of Polycyclic (Hetero-)Aromatics
Authors: Ortlieb Jessica J , King Nathanael J , Brown Alex
Published: February 2025

Several composite density functional theory (DFT) methods, namely HF-3c, B97- 3c, PBEh-3c, r2SCAN-3c, and ωB97X-3c, were tested for accuracy and efficiency in computing binding energies of seven low-lying conformers of the pyrene homodimer, both in the gas phase and in toluene solution. The most promising method was B97-3c, with a Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) for binding energies of 0.5 kJ/mol, relative to ωB97X-V/def2-TZVP results. Thus, B97-3c was used in a multi-tiered approach for generating conformational ensembles for a series of homodimers. The workflow involves six steps: (i) generate an initial ensemble, using the conformer-rotamer ensemble sam- pling tool (CREST), and its underlying GFN2-xTB method; (ii) reoptimize each mem- ber of the ensemble using B97-3c; (iii) discard duplicates and high-energy conformers; (iv) reoptimize the remaining conformers using ωB97X-D4/def2-SVP; (v) if needed, discard any high energy or duplicate conformers; (vi) compute vibrational frequencies using ωB97X-D4/def2-SVP and final single point energies using ωB97X-V/def2- QZVPP. The six-step workflow allows the generation of large DFT-quality ensembles efficiently, as demonstrated on the known pyrene dimer ensemble, and then applied to the homodimers of eight small polycyclic (hetero-)aromatic molecules related to asphaltenes: anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorenone, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene oxide, N -methylcarbazole, and benzo[h]quinoline. The refined ensembles enabled an analysis of trends in dimerization structures and energies for these monomers, revealing a strong dependence for binding energy upon the magnitude of dipole cancellation.
The first case of penile metastases of adrenocortical cancer: A clinical case
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Antipova Tatiana S.
Published: February 2025

Metastases of malignant neoplasms into the penis from various primary locations are extremely rare. These lesions are due to the disseminated tumor. In most cases, the primary tumors are located in the genitourinary system (75%), gastrointestinal tract (21%), and lungs (7%). The prognosis is poor, with most patients dying within a year of diagnosis. The purpose of the article is to present a rare case of metastatic lesion of the penis in adrenocortical cancer. A 59-year-old patient with a stage III right adrenal tumor pT3N0M0 had undergone an adrenalectomy. Histological and immunohistochemical studies showed the classic version of adrenocortical cancer with Ki-67 40%. Mitotane with polychemotherapy according to the EP-M scheme was administered for the adjuvant purpose. In 3 months, the patient developed induration and local soreness in the root of the penis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic organs showed a hypodense zone in the cavernous bodies. Combined positron-emission and X-ray computed tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose showed a mass in the left cavernous body with increased radiopharmaceutical uptake. Specific lesions were found in the mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, liver, bed of the removed tumor, and soft tissues of the lumbar region. Tumor generalization with multiple synchronous metastases, including the penis, was established. Cytological examination of the punctate showed malignant cells. Palliative polychemotherapy was administered according to the EDP-M regimen with glucocorticoids. The treatment had no effect. The patient died 7 months after the establishment of penile metastasis. This case of a penile metastatic lesion in a patient with primary adrenocortical cancer is presented for the first time in the available literature. The main symptoms of the disease are the presence of a tumor in the area of the root of the penis and local pain. Magnetic resonance imaging and combined positron emission and X-ray computed tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose are methods of choice for medical imaging that reliably determine the tumor extension. The location of the primary tumor outside the pelvis in a patient with penile metastases is usually accompanied by multiple synchronous metastases involving other organs.
EVALUATION AND THERMAL-ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR-ASSISTED DRYING-SYSTEM: STUDY OF THE SYSTEM’S MAIN COMPONENTS
Authors: Saeed I.E. , Abidin Zulkhairi Zainol
Published: February 2025

This part of the study on thermal analysis of solar-assisted drying-system, examined the thermal performance of the main components. Roselle is used as drying material for testing the drying-system. The silica gel is used to remove moisture from the drying-air before entering the drying-chamber. The research findings showed that the temperature and energy collected by the system increased with higher solar-irradiance levels. The solar collector had an average efficiency of 22%, and a time constant of 32 minutes. The average differences between the inlet and ambient temperatures, the outlet and inlet temperatures, and the inlet and ambient temperatures per unit of solar irradiance are 22.2°C, 1.5°C, and 0.04°Cm2/W, respectively.
CREATE A NEW SOLAR CONSTANTS (a,b) TO CALCULATE THE INTENSITY OF SOLAR RADIATION FROM THE EQUATION OF SOLAR BRIGHTNESS, SPECIFICALLY IN LIBYA
Authors: Abdulrazig Osama D.H.
Published: February 2025

The fact of the matter is that the use of the equation for calculating the intensity of solar radiation in terms of the percentage of solar brightness developed, which is also one of my inventions. It is necessary to use solar constants (a, b), and these constants do not exist for any Libyan city, where the researcher who wants to calculate the intensity of solar radiation for any city in Libya uses the constants of the city of Algiers or the city of Cairo, as the nearest solar area to Libya, as a result of this use when applying the constants of the city of Algiers or Cairo in the equation for calculating the intensity of solar radiation in terms of the percentage of solar brightness, we will find that there is a very large difference between the values calculated by the equation for calculating the intensity of solar radiation in terms of the percentage of solar brightness and the values measured by the pyrometer.
COMBINED TWISTED TAPE AND NANOFLUIDS IMPROVEMENT HEAT TRANSFER TECHNIQUES IN HEAT EXCHANGERS: REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Jehhef Kadhum Audaa , Badawy Faris Ali , Rahmah Nisreen Mezher
Published: February 2025

Recently, the nanofluid using has led to development of enhanced heat transmission. A nanofluid is a kind of fluid made by dispersing 100 nm-sized metal, oxide, or carbide nanoparticles into water, ethylene glycol, or oil. The ultimate goal of the analysis is to identify the best way to modify twisted tape inserts while maintaining the ideal nanoparticle volume fraction for the turbulent flow regime. Lastly, several issues including pressure drop and agglomeration that need to be resolved for further study are covered. This review article presents a number of numerical and experimental studies that looked into effects of nanoparticles usage in hybrid and single nanofluid to enhance heat rate in heat exchangers of double pipe type, taking into account nature the heat exchange process and the relative directions of motion of the fluids (counter and parallel flow). This article discussed the important system’s efficiency factors as the concentrations of nanoparticles, the Re, and the inserts configurations of, and summarized 41 papers published between 2000 and 2023 on the nanofluid improvement with inserts.
Strategi Guru dalam Membina Hubungan Positif dengan Peserta Didik
Authors: Rangkuti Bima Wahyudin , Latifah Dyah Ayu
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berupaya meninjau strategi yang dilangsungkan guru kelas 6 SDN 5 Selat Penuguan Kabupaten Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan dalam membina hubungan yang positif bersama peserta didiknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi-strategi yang dijalankan guru dalam membina hubungan yang positif dengan peserta didik meliputi: menjadikan peserta didik tidak ubahnya sebagaimana anak sendiri, yang diupayakan guna membangun pondasi yang paling asasi terhadap pendekatan-pendekatan selanjutnya dalam pembinaan hubungan yang positif itu sendiri; membangun keterbukaan dalam jalinan hubungan bersama peserta didik; mengembangkan keadilan dalam jalinan hubungan bersama peserta didik; menerima setiap peserta didik dengan keeksentrikannya masing-masing, menghargai setiap peserta didik dengan kekhasan mereka masing-masing; mengembangkan perhatian dengan pendekatan terhadap masing-masing personal; dan mengerti pun memahami peserta didik secara personal.
This research seeks to review the strategies used by grade 6 teachers at SDN 5 Selat Penuguan, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra in fostering positive relationships with their students. This research uses qualitative research methods, with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews. The results of this research regarding the strategies implemented by teachers in fostering positive relationships with students include making students no different from their own children, which is sought to build the most fundamental foundation for subsequent approaches in fostering positive relationships themselves. Then build openness in relationships with students, develop fairness in relationships with students, accept each student with their own eccentricities, respect each student with their own uniqueness, develop attention with an approach to each individual, and understand and understand students personally.
Strategi Pengembangan Kurikulum Pesantren di Daerah Minoritas Muslim: Studi di Pesantren Modern Baitus Sholihin Poso Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Hidayatussa'adah Hidayatussa'adah , Sadad Roihan
Published: February 2025

Pondok Pesantren Modern Baitus Sholihin Mekarsari Poso, yang berlokasi di wilayah minoritas Muslim, menghadapi tantangan unik dalam mengimplementasikan pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini mendalami strategi pengembangan kurikulum Tarbiyatul Mu’allimin Al-Islamiyyah (TMI) yang bertujuan menjawab kebutuhan lokal, menanamkan nilai toleransi antaragama, dan mempertahankan relevansi pendidikan Islam dalam konteks pluralistik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, mengintegrasikan wawancara mendalam dengan pihak pesantren, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan kurikulum TMI di Pondok Pesantren ini melibatkan adaptasi nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam konteks lokal melalui pendekatan multikultural, integrasi pendidikan karakter, dan inovasi dalam pembelajaran. Kurikulum dikembangkan dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan lokal, termasuk pengajaran toleransi antaragama dan penerapan teknologi modern. Implikasi dari hasil peneltiian ini adalah model pengembangan kurikulum yang diterapkan di Pondok Pesantren Modern Baitus Sholihin dapat menjadi acuan bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam lain di daerah minoritas untuk membangun toleransi antaragama, memperkuat harmonisasi sosial, dan mencetak generasi muda yang adaptif terhadap perubahan global tanpa kehilangan identitas keagamaannya.
The Modern Islamic Boarding School Baitus Sholihin Mekarsari Poso, located in a Muslim minority region, faces unique challenges in implementing Islamic education. This study explores the curriculum development strategies of Tarbiyatul Mu’allimin Al-Islamiyyah (TMI), aiming to address local needs, instill interfaith tolerance, and maintain the relevance of Islamic education in a pluralistic context. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, integrating in-depth interviews with boarding school stakeholders and document analysis. The findings reveal that the curriculum development strategies at this boarding school involve adapting Islamic values to the local context through multicultural approaches, integrating character education, and innovating in teaching methods. The curriculum was designed with consideration of local needs, including the promotion of interfaith tolerance and the adoption of modern technology. The implications of this study suggest that the curriculum development model implemented at the Modern Islamic Boarding School Baitus Sholihin can serve as a reference for other Islamic educational institutions in minority areas to foster interfaith tolerance, strengthen social harmony, and develop young generations who are adaptable to global changes without losing their religious identity.
Research on Bed Call System Based on AT89C52
Authors: Wang Hong , Wu Lili
Published: February 2025

How to realize intelligent and fast bed calls has been a key concern of hospitals. The traditional wired bed call system is not only costly but also less efficient. In this paper, research on bed call systems based on AT89C52 microcontroller is carried out. The nurse-side host (AT89C52) and the bedside slave (AT89C52) communicate over long distances using wireless communication technology. The system transmits signals, including Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), voice announcements, and beeping alarms, to indicate the bed number requiring assistance. This allows the nurse to respond promptly. The system supports real-time updates, where calls and processing occur independently, ensuring efficiency. It is not only cost-effective but also enables a rapid and intelligent call-and-response process.
Study on the Effect of Mixed Strains of Bacteria on the Fermentation Quality of Natto Beans
Authors: Tian Yutong , Lan Zhibo
Published: February 2025

During the fermentation process of natto, the decomposition of soy protein by Bacillus subtilis produces ammonia-nitrogen-like substances, resulting in a finished product with an ammonia-fishy odor, which affects consumer acceptance. In this study, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus lactis, and Bacillus subtilis were mixed for natto fermentation experiments, respectively, aiming to improve its flavor characteristics. The experimental results showed that fermentation with mixed strains significantly changed the volatile matter composition of natto. Among them, the electronic nose analysis showed that the content of nitrogen oxides and inorganic sulfides increased significantly in the fermented samples, while the ammonia nitrogen species decreased relatively. In addition, the amino acid analyzer test revealed that the total amount of free amino acids was significantly increased after fermentation of the mixed strains, while several flavor-improving amino acids also occupied a larger proportion. The experimental results indicated that the addition of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus could effectively regulate the metabolites during natto fermentation, reduce the ammonia-fishy odor, and improve the fermentation quality, which has potential application value.