bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGISLATIVE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES OF EXTRADITION IN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS
Authors: Гарипов Т.И.
Published: December 2021

Введение: в статье рассмотрены основные законодательные и правоприменительные проблемы экстрадиции в современном уголовном процессе России. Актуальность настоящего исследования заключается в необходимости укрепления международного сотрудничества в сфере уголовного судопроизводства, в особенности при организации розыска, задержания и передачи лиц, скрывшихся от уголовного преследования на территории иностранных государств. Необходимость тщательного анализа нормативно-правовой базы и правоприменительной практики такого сотрудничества отражает потребность современного общества в укреплении законности и правопорядка.
Материалы и методы: в ходе исследования были использованы действующие нормативные акты и научные публикации по рассматриваемой теме. В ходе анализа материалов исследования были использованы общенаучные и частнонаучные методы познания государственно-правовой действительности, отражающие содержание рассмотренных правовых институтов.
Результаты исследования: в результате исследования были проанализированы нормативные положения и правоприменительная практика института экстрадиции на современном этапе развития отечественного уголовного процесса. Подняты проблемы отдельных аспектов выдачи лиц для уголовного преследования, а также продемонстрирована взаимосвязь правовых норм института экстрадиции с другими институтами уголовно-процессуального права.
Обсуждение и заключения: сформулированы соответствующие выводы о необходимости дальнейшего совершенствования правовой регламентации экстрадиции в уголовном судопроизводстве, а также предложены изменения в действующий уголовно-процессуальный закон для устранения некоторых правовых пробелов в рассматриваемой сфере деятельности правоохранительных органов.
Molecular phylogeny of Lytorhynchus diadema (Reptilia, Colubridae) populations in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammari Ahmed , Badry Ahmed , Busais Salem , A. Ibrahim Adel , El-Abd Eman
Published: December 2021

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic relationships amongLytorhynchus diadema(Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) populations in Saudi Arabia relative to populations from Africa and Asia. This phylogenetic analysis was based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA partial gene fragments using Neighbor-joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian methods. The results strongly support the monophyly ofLytorhynchusbased on two concatenated genes and the 12S rRNA gene separately. Also, a significant separation is observed between the Arabian samples from Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, and the African populations from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco.
The Impact of Public Loan Guarantees on Banks’Risk Taking and Firms’ Growth: Evidence from France
Authors: Gazaniol Alexandre , Lê Mathilde
Published: December 2021

Ce papier analyse l’efficacité des dispositifs de garantie de Bpifrance, qui constituent le principal dispositif public de garantie de crédit bancaire en France. Nous montrons d’abord que les banques commerciales mobilisent davantage les garanties publiques pour financer des projets relativement risqués. En mobilisant des techniques d’appariement sur score de propension et des estimateurs en double-différence, nous montrons que les garanties publiques ont un impact positif sur la survie, l’investissement, le chiffre d’affaires et l’emploi des entreprises. Nous estimons que le montant de dotation publique immobilisé pour chaque emploi additionnel est compris entre 2800 et 3 500 euros selon le fonds de garantie. Classification JEL : G21, G28, H81, L25, L26
Analyse du réseau des autorités de concurrence en Europe : une structure centre-périphérie
Authors: Berquier Benoît
Published: December 2021

La décentralisation du contrôle d’une partie des projets de concentration de la Commission européenne vers les autorités nationales de concurrence a été facilitée par la réforme de 2004. En proposant une représentation originale des autorités de concurrence nationales au sein d’un réseau de renvois acceptés par la Commission européenne, cet article interroge l’effet de la réforme sur la position des autorités nationales de concurrence dans ce réseau. En utilisant les outils d’analyse des réseaux, il montre que le réseau est de type centre-périphérie et que la position des acteurs s’explique par le PIB. La réforme de 2004 a accentué cette structuration autour des autorités de concurrence allemande, française et britannique. Classification JEL : C12, K21, L14, L51
L’occulte et le tarentisme en Hollande aux XVII e et XVIII e siècles : l’œuvre de Wolferd Senguerd (1646-1724)
Authors: De Carli Manuel
Published: December 2021

Le présent article est consacré à la reconstitution de la réflexion menée sur le tarentisme et les qualités occultes par Wolferd Senguerd (Utrecht, 1646 – Leyde, 1724), professeur de philosophie péripatéticienne à l’université de Leyde. Ce problème est au centre de la réflexion de l’auteur depuis sa formation académique. Dans la Disputatio philosophica inauguralis de tarantula (1667) et dans le Tractatus physicus de tarantula (1668), le tarentisme est présenté par l’auteur comme un phénomène comportant de nombreux aspects, expliqué par la tradition au travers des qualités occultes. Senguerd veut démontrer que ces différents aspects peuvent être aussi bien expliqués sans avoir recours à celles-ci. Cependant, la position de l’auteur vis-à-vis de l’occulte subit une redéfinition, non sans répercussion sur sa tardive Disquisitio de tarantula (1715). Dans cette œuvre, l’étude des nombreux aspects cachés du tarentisme est développée dans un cadre expérimental renouvelé.
Regards d’un ouvrier rebelle : Gabriel Gauny et l’emprisonnement cellulaire
Authors: Croisy Marion
Published: December 2021

Écrit dans les années 1840 par l’ouvrier Gabriel Gauny, « Aux ouvriers constructeurs de prisons cellulaires » fournit un témoignage inédit sur l’adoption du régime cellulaire en France. Dans ce texte qui tient à la fois de l’enquête – l’ouvrier a visité le chantier quasi achevé d’une prison cellulaire à Paris – et du pamphlet, Gauny rejoint les voix qui, de façon contemporaine à l’adoption du système cellulaire, ont dénoncé le caractère barbare de ce nouveau régime. Mais, sous la plume du « rebelle », l’analyse polémique est indissociable d’une réflexion sur la condition ouvrière et sur le scandale moral que représente la participation directe des ouvriers, en tant que « constructeurs », à l’actualisation d’un système qui n’a de moderne que le nom.
Spectacles des corps et premier cinéma
Authors: Désile Patrick
Published: December 2021

Les relations entre le cinéma et d’autres spectacles des corps, contemporains de son émergence, ont fait l’objet d’un certain nombre de travaux, parfois teintés de téléologie, souvent simplement continuistes, en tout cas limités à quelques spectacles. Cet article propose au contraire d’envisager l’ensemble des très nombreux spectacles de la fin du XIXe siècle dans lesquels le corps est le principal objet de l’attention (sans considération de possibles liens avec le cinéma), de discerner, dans cette vaste entreprise de monstration, des cohérences, de repérer des lignes d’évolution, et de voir, dès lors, quelle place y prend le cinéma.
Pandemic Apocalypse In Between Dystopias: Observations from Post-Apocalyptic Novels
Authors: Al-Aghberi Munir Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Investigating the novels that deal with a pandemic apocalypse, this study highlights the dystopian elements preceding and following the end of the world. Inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic in the 21st century, it relates the fears of the pandemic to the literary history and political conditions nurturing that imagined end of the world in a number of post-apocalyptic novels. The novels are examined under three tropes: the early novels prophesying a 21st-century apocalypse; the postwar novels linking the plague to power conflicts; and the recent novels tackling biogenetic experimentation. The study pulls apart, with a limited depth, the parts played by the political and economic world systems in bringing about the pandemic apocalypse as well as the dystopian aftermaths. It concludes that although the novels lash a critique against capitalist recklessness, they ambivalently suspect the existence of a viable alternative.
Le Solitaire du ravin
Authors: Frobert Ludovic , Sheridan George Joseph
Published: December 2021

Pierre Charnier (1795-1857) était un ouvrier en soie de Lyon, un canut. Il œuvra à la fondation du premier mutuellisme des tisseurs puis devint un de leurs représentants au conseil des prud’hommes où il siégea de 1832 à 1857. Il fut aussi un journaliste dans la petite presse ouvrière de l’époque initiée en 1831 par L’Écho de la fabrique, un journaliste qui signait du pseudonyme Le Solitaire du ravin. Charnier était donc une sagesse, une Lumière et l’une des voix les plus autorisées du peuple des artisans lyonnais en soierie. De la Restauration au milieu du Second Empire, il tenta de promouvoir, par la pensée et par l’action, la réforme de la Grande Fabrique dans le sens d’une véritable démocratie d’ateliers ; et, au-delà, cette réflexion sur son métier lui permis de réfléchir plus largement encore aux conditions politiques, sociales, religieuses pouvant permettre d’améliorer le sort des artisans dans la société de son temps. Cet ouvrage permet de découvrir ce personnage dans sa quotidienneté de tisseur, de mutuelliste, de prud’homme et dans bien d’autres situations encore, dans les temps mouvementés marqués par les trois révoltes des canuts, 1831, 1834, 1849.
A PEDAGOGIA RADICAL E INCLUSIVA DIANTE DO CONDICIONAMENTO
Authors: Sabbi Carlos Roberto , Rosa Geraldo Antônio da
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar, enquanto possibilidade, a Pedagogia Radical e Inclusiva como caminho para formação de um ser humano diante dos condicionamentos, visando a um maior equilíbrio por meio do Estado Consciente. O problema desta investigação consiste na seguinte questão: Diante dos condicionamentos em que o ser humano se encontra envolvido, os referenciais teóricos da Pedagogia Radical e Inclusiva podem servir de horizontes para uma formação que paute um Estado Consciente? A educação, atualmente, vem carregando um pesado fardo, advindo dos pressupostos da racionalidade instrumental, servindo, assim, aos interesses mercadológicos e dos projetos de modernidade. Estes voltam- se à formação de um indivíduo que se adeque às exigências do mercado. Além desse contexto, o artigo aborda a conjuntura condicionante sob os mais diversos aspectos que envolve a vida e a quase ausência de descondicionantes nos processos educativos. Nesse sentido, busca-se no decorrer deste trabalho analisar as seguintes categorias: pensamento complexo; excelência; autonomia; estado pleno; e pedagogia radical e inclusiva. Como metodologia utilizou-se a hermenêutica-reconstrutiva, concluindo-se que o egocentrismo reprime a formação, mas que se espera atingir um patamar cognitivo de excelência antes que os seres humanos destruam a si próprios e/ou o planeta.
A IDEOLOGIA EMPREENDEDORA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: LEITURA E DISCUSSÃO DE TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES DE 2000 A 2019
Authors: Rufato Glaucia , Pacífico Martineli Telma Adriana
Published: December 2021

A ideologia empreendedora vem sendo disseminada em espaços cada vez mais amplos nas políticas dos governos, inserindo-se no campo educacional por meio da justificativa da necessidade de se formar um novo tipo de trabalhador: o empreendedor. A presente pesquisa, que faz parte de uma dissertação de mestrado em desenvolvimento, tem o objetivo de identificar e discutir diferentes apropriações teóricas da educação empreendedora em estudos acadêmicos. Para a realização deste trabalho, selecionamos pesquisas stricto sensu cadastradas na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e noScientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), no período de 2000 a 2020. Analisamos as 14 dissertações e as 2 teses encontradas, organizando-as, semanticamente, em 2 categorias de análise. Os resultados apontaram que os discursos apresentados nas pesquisas, em sua maioria, não são neutros, pois naturalizam e corroboram para a reprodução do sistema capitalista no ambiente educacional.
O CURRÍCULO DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO A PARTIR DAS CATEGORIAS DE TRABALHO EM MARX E PRÁXIS EM FREIRE
Authors: Juliana Rezende Torres  , Bertanha Adriano , Demartini Gabriel Ribeiro , Madureira Cristiane Aparecida , Pinto de Oliveira Wander
Published: December 2021

A partir de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e utilizando-se da análise documental como método, a presente investigação buscou apreender as manifestações das concepções de trabalho e de práxis, presentes no currículo escolar do estado de São Paulo. A partir da articulação de Marx e Freire, foi possível desvelar valores e interesses presentes no documento que serve de fundamento para as práticas pedagógicas da rede de ensino estadual. Elementos que indicam uma formação para a subserviência e para a heteronomia estiveram presentes expressando o exercício de uma práxis domesticadora e inautêntica, que em nada se aproxima dos valores éticos e críticos que perspectivas educacionais humanizadoras reverberam.
PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO: MÉTODOS E EPISTEMOLOGIAS
Authors: Pereira Antonia Naiara de Sousa , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa
Published: December 2021

Esse estudo parte do livro de Silvio Sánchez Gamboa, intitulado Pesquisa em educação: métodos e epistemologias, com a última versão publicadoa em 2018. Nesse momento explanamos a visão do autor de modo a destacar a contribuição que a sua obra evidência para as pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito da educação. O seu estudo explora desde métodos tradicionais abordados em pesquisas até  a importância da abordagem epistemológica, de modo a articular conteúdos lógicos e históricos. Esses conteúdos são manisfestados a partir de uma lógica interna da pesquisa, de modo a articular elementos, como, metodológicos, teóricos, gnosiológicos, ontológicos, entre outros.  Ao final, Gamboa volta-se todo esse processo para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa educacional de modo a envolver uma questão ética por trás desses conteúdos.
DIZER-SE NEGRO COMO ATO/DESAFIO: ASPECTOS AUTODECLARATÓRIOS DE ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Pasti Renato , Da Silva Gonçalves Mellina
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre os resultados de uma pesquisa autodeclaratória étnico-racial desenvolvida com estudantes do Centro Territorial de Educação Profissional do Extremo Sul, CETEPES - BA. A pesquisa foi elaborada com questionários baseados no senso do IBGE (2013) sobre as características étnico-raciais da população brasileira e visou compreender como os discentes percebem as desigualdades raciais e em que medida as características de cor, patrimônio fenotípico, ideologia política, tradição cultural, origem familiar e classe social incidem sobre o ato de dizer-se pertencentes a determinado grupo étnico-racial. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa foram comparados com dados nacionais, estaduais e analisados segundo o contexto histórico, social e regional dos discentes.
Is there a relationship between renal scarring and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with vesicoureteral reflux?
Authors: Demir Mehmet , Yağmur İsmail , Pelit Eyyup Sabri , Katı Bülent , Ördek Eser , Çiftçi Halil
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) exacerbates the risk of renal scarring by establishing a ground for pyelonephritis. It is known that the inflammatory process is more influential than the direct damage caused by bacterial infection in the development of renal scars after pyelonephritis. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between renal scarring and systemic inflammatory markers in patients with VUR.Material and methods: Hundred and ninety-two patients (116 females, 76 males) diagnosed with VUR were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of renal scarring and into three groups according to the grade of VUR (low, moderate and high). Neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were compared among the groups.Results: Of the 192 patients, 102 had renal scarring. The age and gender distribution did not differ significantly between the groups with and without renal scarring (p > 0.05). However, the grade of reflux and lymphocyte count were significantly higher in the group with renal scarring (p < 0.05), and the NLR was significantly lower in the group with renal scarring (p < 0.05). The lymphocyte count was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and NLR was significantly lower in the high-grade VUR group (p < 0.05). However, MPV values did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the groups. Conclusions: NLR can be used to predict renal scarring in patients with VUR, especially in the period of 3-6 months after the first attack of infection, and may even serve as a candidate marker for treatment selection. However, larger series and prospective studies are needed.
Cocaine-induced massive ischemic stroke treated by decompressive craniectomy with favorable outcome
Authors: Algahtani Hussein , Shirah Bader , Algahtany Mubarak , Alqahtani Saeed , Abdelghaffar Nawal
Published: December 2021

Cocaine abuse is a significant health hazard with multiple cardiac and neurological complications. Cocaine-induced ischemic stroke can have multiple underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, resulting in various complex neurological presentations. We describe a case of a young man who had a massive ischemic multi-territorial stroke who was managed successfully with decompressive craniectomy with a favorable outcome. Cocaine use should be routinely suspected in young patients presenting with ischemic stroke, and a urine toxicology screen should be part of the initial workup for such patients. Brain magnetic resonance imaging is an essential neuroimaging modality, which is very helpful in confirming the ischemic insult and planning management. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to potential reversibility and reduction of the size of infarcted tissue. In addition, multidisciplinary care, including a vascular neurosurgeon, should be implicated.
Delayed presentation in chiari malformation
Authors: Rafay Muhammad , Gulzar Farhan , Jafri Hassan , Sharif Salman
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Chiari malformations are a group of clinicopathological entities with a variety of clinical presentations, different pathophysiology, and variable outcomes. It has a typical set of clinical presentation. In this study is to observe the different clinical presentations of the patients with Chiari malformation in our population. As the time of initial presentation is delayed that might change the sign and symptoms with which patient initially presents. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study with prospectively collected data of 46 patients with Chiari malformation. The duration of the study is from 2017 to 2020. Patient's data will be compiled and analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25. Qualitative variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. Quantitative variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Effect modifiers are controlled through stratification. The Chi-square test is used for finding association between categorical variables. P ≤ 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: According to our data 36% of our patients presented with motor weakness which is followed by sensory deficit, however in previous literature headache was the commonest clinical presentation. Conclusion: Clinical presentation in our population differs from other studies and the reason behind this is the delayed presentation of the patient and lack of awareness of disease and ultimately it will alter the outcome of disease and treatment.
Effect of preoperative serum transthyretin levels on postoperative clinical results and morbidity in patients undergoing spinal surgery
Authors: Gurer Bora , Kertmen Hayri
Published: December 2021

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the effects of preoperative serum transthyretin (TTR) levels on surgical success, pain scores, and postoperative morbidity. Methods: Note that, in our clinic, 188 patients who were operated for spinal pathologies between June 2010 and January 2011 were included in this study. Blood samples were drawn from all patients on the morning of surgery, and then, serum TTR measurements were made. Demographic data of all patients were collected, and then their preoperative and postoperative neurological examinations, Karnofsky scores, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores, postoperative infection and wound healing status, hospital stay, and morbidity levels were recorded, and TTR levels were compared. Results: When preoperative TTR level of patients was low, their Karnofsky scores decreased, ODI scores increased, the early postoperative VAS and late postoperative VAS values increased, and the length of hospital stay was increased. Moreover, in patients with low TTR levels, postoperative Karnofsky scores were lower, postoperative ODI levels were higher, postoperative early and late VAS scores were higher, hospital stays were longer, peroperative complication rates were higher, wound infection rates were higher, the delay in wound site healing was higher, and the morbidity rate was higher. Conclusion: Consequently, preoperative low TTR levels have been reported to be an effective parameter that can be used to predict surgical results, wound infection and wound site healing status, perioperative complications, and morbidity in spinal surgery.
Intracranial myopericytoma: A rare benign tumor at an extremely rare location
Authors: Shrivastav Ashish , Garg Manish , Aiyer Hema , Sharma Gaurav , Prachi Prachi
Published: December 2021

A 50-year-old female with a history of seizures, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On imaging, parafalcine meningioma with mass effect features was rendered. She underwent right frontal tumor excision and craniotomy. Pathological examination showed a tumor composed of syncytial aggregates of round to plump fusiform cells forming whorls around prominent branching congested vessels. The tumorous cells expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin and heavy chain caldesmon and were negative for epithelial membrane antigen, protein S100, HMB45, CD34, calponin and desmin, thus providing the final diagnosis of intracranial myopericytoma. The rarity of this benign tumor at an extremely location, prompted this study. As preoperative radiological investigations are nonspecific in such cases, hence a detailed and comprehensive pathological examination is mandatory to come to a definitive diagnosis.
Long-term clinicoradiological outcomes of cervical fusion with polyether ether ketone versus cervical disc arthroplasty in a double-blinded randomized control trial
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Basantani Neeraj , Carvalho Ajay , Gupta Ekata
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, we compare the long-term clinicoradiological effects of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with polyether ether ketone implant (ACDF with PEEK) versus artificial cervical disc (cervical disc arthroplasty [CDA]) in patients with single and bilevel cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD). Aims: We aimed to compare the pain scores, cervical kinematics, and radiological outcomes in patients undergoing CDA and ACDF for single and bilevel CDDD over 5 years. Settings and Design: This study was carried out from 2010 to 2019 in the Neurosurgery Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital attached to a Medical College in India. Subjects and Methods: We enrolled 30 patients in each group. Clinical and radiological assessments were carried out for all patients over a period of 5 years. Statistical Analysis Used: Wilcoxon Signed-rank test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Fischer's exact test were used for comparing the preoperative and follow-uP values. R software version 3.6.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A significant improvement in the cervical range of motion, sagittal range of motion (ROM), and functional spinal unit (FSU) was observed in the CDA group at final follow-up, while the PEEK group reported a significant decrease in the ROM and FSU and the difference between the two groups was also found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: When assessed over 5 years following surgery, we found CDA to be superior with respect to ROM, FSU, overall cervical alignment, and maintenance of disc height when compared to ACDF with PEEK implant.
Clinicopathological correlation of glioma patients with respect to immunohistochemistry markers: A prospective study of 115 patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Dahuja Gitanshu , Gupta Ashok , Jindal Arpita , Jain Gaurav , Sharma Santosh , Kumar Arvind
Published: December 2021

Background: With the incorporation of molecular subtyping in glioma patients in 2016 WHO classification, there is a need to understand the immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker expression in various glioma patients and to clinically correlate with various subgroups. Objective: Aim of the study was to assess IHC marker expression profile in glioma patients and to clinically correlate them in various subgroups. Materials and Methods: The prospective study included 115 glioma patients. IHC markers (isocitrate dehydrogenase [IDH] 1, ATRX, P53, Ki-67 antibody) were done in all patients. Patients received treatment as per the grade of tumor. The patients were followed in 3 monthly intervals, for a period of 12 months. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Tables were prepared in Microsoft Excel sheet. Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: There were 11 Grade 1, 33 Grade 2, 26 Grade 3, and 45 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients out of which 10 patients were secondary GBM cases. IDH1 mutation is frequent in Grade 2 and Grade 3 tumors of both astrocytic and oligodendroglia tumors. Its mutation is also common in secondary GBM patients. ATRX mutation is specific to astrocytic lineage, Grade 2, Grade 3, and secondary GBM patients. Conclusion: Molecular nature of DA and AA cases can be accurately confirmed by combined IDH1 and ATRX IHC thereby avoiding costly investigations such as fluorescence in situ hybridization. In astrocytic tumors, p53 can act as a surrogate marker. IDH-mutant glioma patients have better prognoses than IDH wild gliomas.
Neurocutaneous melanosis with hydrocephalus and dandy-walker variant
Authors: Sarwar Mohammad , Tripathy Laxminarayan , Jain Harsh , Basu Sunandan , Sengupta Ashvini
Published: December 2021

Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is one of the rare, congenital, noninheritable phakomatoses characterized by the presence of large and/or multiple congenital melanocytic cutaneous nevi associated with intracranial leptomeningeal melanocytosis. NCM usually presents before 2 years of age. So far 302 cases have been reported in literature. We report a case of NCM presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus and Dandy-Walker Variant in a young adult.
Postoperative outcome of robot-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: A pilot study
Authors: Alsalmi Sultan , Alsofyani Mohammad , Bugdadi Abdulgadir , Alkhairi Abdu , Peltier Johann , Lefranc Michel
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery is well established for the treatment of discopathy, foraminal disc herniation, and recurrent disc herniation. At the Amiens university medical center, we have been using a robot-assisted technique for performing the TLIF. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcome, specifically pain, of patients having undergone robot-assisted TLIF. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of patients having undergone minimally invasive (MI) robot-assisted TLIF between November 2014 and July 2018 in a French university medical center. In clinical consultations at 6 weeks, 12 months, and 24 months posttreatment, patients were assessed for back and leg pain (on a visual analog scale), breached screws, and sagittal parameters. Results: A total of 136 pedicle screws were inserted with robot guidance into 32 patients. Four of the patients required laminectomy before fusion. No pedicle breach occurred for 94% of the screws, and no joint violation was observed for 90%. Lordosis was improved in 78% of the cases. Conclusions: The robot provides valuable assistance during MI arthrodesis; it facilitates the surgical procedure by preplanning the trajectory, providing instantaneous navigation and tracking, and thus assure the accuracy of screw positioning.
Measurement of bupivacaine induced myotoxicity in interfascial plane blocks: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rakhi Vasundhara , Kaushal Sonali , Singh Surinder
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:

Recent reports of local-anaesthetic induced myotoxicity after peripheral nerve blocks have increased interest in this less commonly known complication. Although the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in muscle after injection of clinically used concentration of bupivacaine have been studied in animals, little research has been conducted on human subjects, especially in relation to fascial plane blocks. We conducted a study to examine the changes in circulating creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) or mesh hernioplasty (MH) with or without peripheral nerve blocks. The study explored local anaesthetic (bupivacaine) induced myotoxicity by measuring changes in serum CPK levels following transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) or pectoral nerve block-II (PEC- II) in patients undergoing MH or MRM, respectively.

Methods:

The study was a randomised, controlled open-label trial. Patients undergoing MH who were randomised to the intervention group received TAP block whereas those undergoing MRM received PEC-II block. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, 6 and 24 hours after surgery for serum CPK measurements. Changes in serum CPK levels between the control and intervention groups were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results:

Baseline serum CPK levels were similar between the groups. There was a significant difference in the change in serum CPK levels between the groups. It significantly rose in the intervention group as compared to the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The study shows that serum CPK levels significantly increase at 24 hours after interfascial plane block thereby indirectly indicating myotoxicity. Further research is needed to ascertain its clinical impact.
Stress and burnout among health-care workers in the coronavirus disease 2019 intensive care unit
Authors: Sasidharan Shibu , Dhillon Harpreet Singh
Published: December 2021

Since late December 2019, the city of Wuhan in China has reported a novel pneumonia caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has now spread domestically and internationally. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unthinkable consequences and has challenged and, in numerous cases, beaten the capacity of hospitals and intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide to handle it. Apart from the obvious burden of patient care, extended work timings, and fear of personal safety, health-care workers (HCWs) also suffer from occupational stress as a result of lack of skills, organizational factors, and low social support at work leading to distress, burnout, and psychosomatic problems. This leads to stress, direct deterioration in quality of life as well as the quality of service provided. In this article, the authors navigate on the root cause of stress that is peculiar to the HCWs deployed in the ICU and suggest recommendations to alleviate it. To aid in the research, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, NIOSHTIC-2, and Web of Science up to May 2021.
Role of silver diamine fluoride in caries prevention
Authors: Bhadule Shivani Nagnath , Kalaskar Ritesh
Published: December 2021

Dental caries is one of the most common diseases affecting people across the globe. Unlike other infectious diseases, dental caries is not a self-limiting disorder. Preventive outlook to avoid tooth decay is hence very essential. Fortunately, there has been a rapid shift from surgical model, which emphasizes on the restorative aspect to the medical model that majorly focuses on disease prevention. The use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has recently been in limelight due to its ability to prevent as well as arrest dental caries. The purpose of this review is to compile and procure all related data regarding SDF, along with the inclusion of its various recent advancements and its efficiency in the current pandemic situation. The article further includes reviews from various clinical trials performed in the past as well as in recent times, regarding the efficacy of SDF when compared to other caries preventive agents.
A cross-sectional study on the assessment of the complexity of removable dental prosthesis at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Omo Julie Omole , Enabulele Joan Emien
Published: December 2021

Background:

Oral rehabilitation using removable dental prosthesis for patients with maxillofacial defects and missing teeth could pose a challenge while trying to achieve prosthetic treatment goals. It is important therefore to determine how complex the case is before proceeding with treatment.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the complexity of removable dental prosthesis at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria using the Restorative Index of Treatment Need (RIOTN) System.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of patients who sought for removable prostheses. Data were collated by means of an interviewer-administered question which collated data on biodemographic characteristics of the participant, indication for removable prosthesis, tooth to be replaced with removable prosthesis. Following a clinical examination, the RIOTN System was applied to assess the complexity of the treatment needed.

Results:

Ninety-eight adult patients with age ranging from 18 years to 90 years with a mean age of 45.17 ± 18.06 years participated in the study. Partial dentures were the most prevalent prostheses provided (91.8%). The most prevalent complexity grade recorded was Grade I (84.7%). There was a statistically significant association between complexity and Kennedy's class of saddle (P < 0.0001) as well as the type of support for the removable prosthesis (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The pattern of the complexity of treatment using removable dental prostheses was dependent on the type of prosthesis, teeth replaced, support, and saddle.
Relationship between second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and academic performance among students in Nigeria.
Authors: Anas Y.I. , Badamasi M.I.
Published: December 2021

The second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), is a sexually dimorphic trait, with males on the average having lower ratios than females 2D:4D. It had been correlated with several psychosocial features. The present study is primarily aimed at investigating the existence of the association between digit ratio (2D:4D) with academic performance of 205 secondary school students (110 males and 95 females) in Kano State, Nigeria. Academic performance of the students was measured from the terminal examinations results in three key subjects (Maths, English and Biology) and these results were obtained from the schools managements. A significantly low 2D:4D (a correlate of high prenatal testosterone and low prenatal oestrogen) was observed in male students compared to females and the differences in digit size measurments between male and female students were also statistically significant (P<0.05). Female students performed significantly better in all the 3 subjects, but there was no correlation between the performance and any of the 3 subjects or their cumulative average with 2D:4D ratio of the right or left hand in the current study. However, a positive but negative correlation between the sizes of the left and right digits, with academic performance in all subjects in males and two subjects (English and Biology) in females were observed. It is therefore sufficient to conclude that 2D:4D ratio was not associated with better performance in the current study.
Isolation, partial purification and characterization of phospholipase A2 from Naja Katiensis venom
Authors: Okechukwu C.F. , Shamsudeen P.L. , Bala R.K. , Kurfi B.G. , Abdulazeez A.M.
Published: December 2021

The most effective and acceptable therapy for snakebite victims is the immediate administration of antivenin which is limited by problems of hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals and its inability to resolve the local effects of the venom. The aim of this study was to isolate, partially purify and characterize phospholipase A2 from Naja Katiensis venom. Phospholipase A2 was partially purified via a two-step process: gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and ion exchange chromatography using CM Sephadex, and subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis. From the results, the specific activity of the partially purified PLA2 decreased from 0.67μmol/min/mg in crude venom to 0.29μmol/min/mg after ion exchange chromatography with a yield of 5% and purification fold of 0.43. The optimum temperature of the purified PLA2 was found to be 35ºC and optimum p.H of 7. velocity studies for the determination of kinetic constants using L-a-lecithin as substrate revealed a Km  of 1.47mg/ml and Vmax  of 3.32μ moles/min/mg. The sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified PLA2 showed a distinct band with molecular weight estimated to be 14KDa. In conclusion, the present study shows that phospholipase A2 was isolated, purified and characterized. This may serve as a promising candidate for future development of a novel anti-venin drug.
Microbial changes during the fermentation of baobab (Adansoniadigitata) fruit pulp yoghurt
Authors: Zumunta J. D. , Umar A. F. , Agbo V.
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to assess the microbial changes during the fermentation of Baobab (Adansoniadigitata)fruit pulp yoghurt. The Baobab fruit pulp yoghurt was prepared in the Laboratory using the conventional method. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were used as starter cultures while a control was produced without the starter cultures. de Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar was used to culture lactic acid bacteria. The microbialload, succession and percentage occurrences were determined using standard methods. The total aerobic bacterial count wasfound to be within the range of 1.9x103 - 1.4x105 cfu/ml. The Lactic acid bacteria and fungal count ranges were 4.5 x 103  - 7.5 x 103  cfu/ml and 8.0 x 101 – 2.8 x 104  cfu/ml respectively. At the end of fermentation time, there was significant difference between the test and control Baobab yoghurt at P<0.05.  Lactic acid bacteria recorded the highest count of 6.2 x 104  and 7.5 x 103 cfu/ml in the test and control respectively. Bacillus species , Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus,Streptococcus thermophilus and Micrococcus species were the bacteria isolated while the fungal isolates were Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hansenula species. Lacbacillusbulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bacillus species and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were the only microorganisms found at the end of fermentation time. The study obtained low microbial count and isolated less number and type of microorganisms from Baobab fruit pulp yoghurt because of the antimicrobial effect of baobab pulp and pasteurization treatment.Based on the results of this study, Baobab fruit pulp yoghurt can be said to be of good microbiologicalquality for human consumption. The industrial use of Baobab fruit pulp in the production of yoghurt is recommended.
Effect of dietary supplementation with soybean on reproductive hormones of male Wistar rats
Authors: Anisah Yahya , Mohammed I.Y. , Jibril M. El-Bashir
Published: December 2021

Dietary soybean has been shown to have variable effects on the reproductive system of male rodents, non-human primates and humans. These effects can affect subsequent fertility. Soybean intake in men has been advocated due to its protective effect in the prevention of prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease and osteo-arthritis. However, the protection it offers in the prevention of prostatic cancer by altering the levels of male reproductive hormones may lead to infertility. This study aimed at determining the effect of dietary supplementation with soybean on reproductive hormones of male Wistar rats. The study was a randomised controlled trial. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group and two study groups. The rats in the control group were fed on soy-free diet while rats in Group 1 and Group 2 of the study were fed on 20% and 50% soybean supplemented diet for four weeks. Serum concentration of FSH, LH and Testosterone were estimated. Data obtained was analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.There was no statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the level of FSH (p=0.783), LH (p=0.815)and Testosterone (p=0.330) between the study and control groups. Dietary supplementation with of soybean has no effect on the level of FSH, LH and Testosterone in male Wistar rats and therefore may not affect their reproductive function.
Effects of salicylic and benzoic acid on yield and yield components of moisture stressed tomato (solanum lycopersicun l.) at Kadawa Sudan Savannah
Authors: Isa H.M. , Manga A.A.
Published: December 2021

Salicylic acid and Benzoic acids are antitranpirants usually used to reduce the rate of moisture loss and increase productivity of irrigated crops. To test antitranspiracy of Salicylic and Benzoic acids, field experiments were conducted during the two successive dry Seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 at the Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kadawa (11̊ 38ʹ 40.3ʺ N,8̊ 25ʹ3.9ʺ E) 498m elevation above sea level. The aim was to study the effects of antitranspirants and moisture stress on crop growth and development stages of tomato. The treatments consisted of two antitranspirants at four different concentrations of 0, 200, 400 and 600 ppm, and three moisture stress stages, vegetative, flowering and fruit setting. Antitranspirants and moisture stresses were assigned to the main plot and concentrations were used as sub–plot treatment. These were replicated three times and laid out in a split-plot design. The gross plot size was 3.6m x 3.0m (10.8m2) consisting of 6 rows of 3m length, while the net plot size was 1.2m 1.8m (2.16 m2) consisting of 2 inner most rows. Data were taken on tomato growth and yield attributes. Data generated were analysed using statistical analytics software (SAS). The results of the study revealed that application of both Antitranspirants enhanced growth and yield components such as fruit diameter, number of fruits plant1, average fruit weight, marketable fruit yield and total fruit yield of tomato. Significant interactions between and among the factors were also recorded for fruit diameter, number of fruits plant-1 marketable fruit yield and the total fruit yield. Application of 200 and 400 ppm of of Salicylic acid at fruit setting produced the highest total fruit yield (6.66 tha-1) which was statistically similar to 600 ppm of Benzoic (6.10 t ha-1) at flowering while the control had the lowest. Total fruit yield was positively and significantly correlated with number of fruit plant-1 and average fruit weight. Number of fruits plant-1 was found to have the highest direct contribution to the yield. Flowering and fruiting stages were found to be the critical growth stages for moisture stress of tomato. Foliar application of 400 ppm of Salicylic acid at fruit setting stage appeared to promote tomato yield in the study area.
Integrating information and communication technology (ICT) in social interaction spaces of proposed public library Gwagwalada, Abuja- Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya M. M. , Abdullahi A.
Published: December 2021

This work focuses on preference of Public Library users on information and communication technology (ICT) facilities that matches user social activities in the library. It also proffers means of integrating such factors in social interaction spaces of proposed Public library Gwagwalada, Abuja to enhance user experience and meet the digital age. Libraries began incorporating ICT facilities since the advent of technology but without considering the facilities that matches user activity in such spaces. The analysis is based on data collected through observation and questionnaire survey addressed to users and staff of three public libraries and analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel analytical software. The results show that Group Creative Collaborative space is more preferred by users while very few users prefer Small Group Collaborative space. Responses indicate that users prefer group studies to interact. Also “Between Individual and Individual spaces”, majority of public library users prefer Internet Facilities which appears to have mean of (3.8371) while very few prefer Video Conferencing with mean of (2.8708).  It also reveals that, in “Between Group and Group space” majority of public library users prefer Mailing List with mean of (3.7247) while very few users prefer Video Conferencing with mean of (3.0955) and “Between Group and Object space” majority of the users prefer Digitalized Library Structure with mean 0f (3.6180) while very few users prefer interactive floor (iFloor) with mean of (3.1292).In conclusion ICT has high potential for encouraging social interaction, in public spaces, thus connecting the society and provides access points to information and supports education. The study revealed the current situation on the issues investigated which can be relied on in future studies or decision making. Essentially, the study produced findings that researchers can apply or validate subsequent similar researches.
Influence of compost and irrigation systems on the growth indices and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Isa H. M. , Waiya M.A.
Published: December 2021

Field trial was conducted during the 2017 dry season from March to June at Bayero University, Kano and Birji village both in Sudan savannah to determine the effect of compost rates and irrigation intervals on the growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) The treatments were conducted in five rates of compost (0 t ha-1, 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1,15 t ha -1 and 20 t ha-1) and three irrigation intervals (5, 10 and 15 days). The treatments were laid out in a split plot design and replicated three times. Irrigation intervals were assigned to the main plot while compost rates were assigned to the sub plot. The gross plot size was 1.5 m x 2.0 m (3.0 m2) consisting of 10 rows of 2 m length. Data on growth and yield parameters were collected, weighed and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Treatment means were separated using Student-Newman-Keuls Test. The result ssize was 1.5 m x 2.0 m (3.0 m2) consisting of 10 rows of 2 m length. Data on growth and yield parameters were collected, weighed and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Treatment means were separated using Student-Newman-Keuls Test. The result showed that compost rates and irrigation intervals had significant effect on cropgrowth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and cured bulb yield. Application of 10 t ha-1 of compost had the heaviest cured bulb yield. Interactions between compost rates and irrigation intervals were significant on all the measured parameters as well as the cured bulb yield of onion at both locations. The optimum rate of compost was 15 t ha1 at both locations, while that of irrigation intervals were 10 and 5 days for BUK and Birji village, respectively. Therefore, these levels were recommended to be used by farmers of the study areas.