bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USING TEXT-RELATED PICTURE TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Sari Diah Paramita
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Reading as one of the language skills needs to be developed at various levels of education so that students are able to understand the contents of the reading well, especially texts that use the English language. This study aims to discuss one way to solve students’ problem in reading descriptive text which is by using text-related picture. The text used is descriptive text. In this activity, the teacher shows the picture that is related to the text that will be given. The teacher asks the students about the pictures and brainstorms their knowledge about the picture. Therefore, it is expected to the English teachers to be able to develop the students' reading skill by using the right strategy so that the students can understand the English reading texts quickly and easily. Through this image media teachers can guide students to the text to be learned. Finally the authors hope this paper can be useful for English teachers as an alternative strategy applied in teaching reading.
FEAR OF ENGLISH PUBLIC SPEAKING: CAUSES AND CONQUEST
Authors: Sabri Muhammad -
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This study tries to find out what factors causing students’ fear of English public speaking and what methods could help them to conquer it effectively. This is a descriptive qualitative study where the data for the research were collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed to all students of the sixth semester at English Study Program of State Polytechnic of Bengkalis – Riau.  The questionnaire was set based on relevant literature review and also focused on condition of the students based on daily observation done by the researcher during his several years of teaching Public Speaking subject to the students. After collecting the data, the researcher sorted the data by summarizing and choosing the specific category, displaying and verifying the data analysis and making the conclusion from the finding data. The result of this study reveals the factors that caused the fear of English public speaking facing by the students and the methods that could help the students most effectively to conquer their fear of English public speaking.
LEARNING STYLES AND TACHING METHODS IN ENGLISH TEACHING
Authors: Novita Loly
Published: August 2023

A teacher has resposibilities in building the students’ character, morality and intellectual capability. What he does for the students will give great effect for the future of a nation. A teacher needs to do self-continuous improvementin teaching because he is the one who is responsible to transfer knowledge and value. In performing his teaching task, he needs to understand his students’ personality to ease him find out the precise methods, strategies, approaches and models of teaching applied during teaching and learning process takes time. Understanding the students’ personality in learning will lead the teacher to be successful in teaching because he knows what to do with different students who have different ability. It is a must for a teacher to make someone who knows nothing become the one who knows many things and know how to solve any problem.The teacher will also do his best to apply various methods of teaching in order that he can attract the students’ attention to learn more about the subject. Knowing the students personality, such as their energy, brain hemisphere, modality, and multiple intelligences will really be helpful for the success of teaching.
IMPROVING CLASSROOM MATERIALS DESIGN FOR VOCATIONAL ENGLISH TEACHERS AT SAMPANG VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Rohmah Nurir
Published: August 2023

Improving the content and classroom materials design for English Classrooms at any vocational high school level is a tough job. English teachers at SMK levels found it challenging to integrate their classrooms materials to fulfill the vocational needs of their students. No denying to the fact that Vocational English has set a different framework compare to general English classes at the similar level of education. This study aims as a joint research partnership and as well as a platform to improve and create variety of English Vocational Materials for SMK classes in Sampang area. Around 7 public vocational high schools were involved in this study, providing a thorough information of its students’ needs for ESP purposes. The materials included knowledge about syllabus writing and the creation of independent teaching materials in the classroom as well as the implementation of reading, writing, and listening and speaking which are targeted to two different goals, UNBK and ESP improvements. The activity of developing English teaching materials is also expected to improve the final results of UNBK Students in English subjects. The study has resulted in the findings of challenges of teaching and developing materials for ESP classes, learning and teaching weaknesses triumph with the models, and the possible future solutions for ESP teaching at SMK level. The study also resulted in the initiative project collaboration with MKKS SMK in Sampang area to pioneer Sampang Vocational Camp 2020.
REFLECTIVE TEACHING ON THE USING OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING NOTION: CASE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Rosalina Elsa
Published: August 2023

The success of teaching needs to consider what strategy should be used to identify an effective way for students to absorb the material. These could be the main priority in the teaching process done by teachers involving teaching English to review their failure in the past, which tend to emphasize the role of a teacher in teaching and learning process what so-called teacher-centered. In the next phase to provide alternative solution, there is a contextual teaching and learning as an approach which adopts various strategies and makes students have an opportunity to be more explorative and thoughtful to learn in class as well as put them as the actor in learning milieus as it is called as student-centered helps teacher to reflect the teaching process whilst connecting academic material to the learners’ context in their daily lives in terms of personal and social contexts for promoting learning motivation.This was descriptive research that described to which extent of the implementation of contextual teaching and learning in the teaching and learning English in SMAN 1 Banjarmasin. There was one English teacher to be observed as a subject of research and involving 63 students in the process of English teaching in the classroom of the second and third grade of SMAN 1 Banjarmasin. To get the data, the researcher used observation and interview.The research found that the teacher employed several principles of contextual teaching and learning involving constructivism, questioning, inquiry, learning community, and authentic assessment in the classroom activities conducted by the observed teacher.Keywords: Contextual Teaching and Learning, Teaching Approach, Reflective Teaching
GROUP DISCUSSION AND ICTS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH IN LARGE CLASSES
Authors: Dewi Puspita
Published: August 2023

This study is concerned with Information Communication and Technologies (ICTs) and Group Discussion (GD) that become one of the most effective solutions to the problem. Universitas Bumigora has numerous students in one class in which each class consists of approximately 50-60 students. The aims of this study are to identify students’ perspectives on GD and ICTs and to compare men's and women’s perspectives on GD and ICTs in large classes. This study was conducted in two big classes. The instrument in this research was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was used to get information about the students’ responses to the application of FGD and ICTs in teaching and learning English and to identify the differences responses between man and women group. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. This study was conducted in two big classes. The instrument in this research was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was used to get information aboutthe students’ responses to the application of FGD and ICTs in teaching and learning English. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the results, the students believed that group discussion and ICTs belong to “very good” and “good” with range score 3.11-3.44.
THE MAKING OF TENSES COMPILATION VIDEO USED BY ALL CHARACTERS IN “PENGUINS OF MADAGASCAR” MOVIE TO LEARN GRAMMAR
Authors: Veronika Selvi , Gunawan Muhammad Indra
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to make tenses compilation using a video in a film entitled Penguins of Madagascar. The method used in this study was a descriptive research. This video was created by using Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2017 program. There were several steps in making this video, including: collecting the materials, recording the voice, converting the files and editing the video The result of this study was a video of tenses compilation with English subtitle for learning English. The duration of the video was about ten minutes 40 second starting from the beginning until closing. There were pictures, audio, video and some informations about Penguins of Madagascar. This product is hoped to help students in learning  grammar especially tenses in easy way and fun and would become one of interesting teaching materials for English teachers in teaching English
THE USE OF FIX THE MISTAKE GAME BOOK TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ GRAMMAR MASTERY
Authors: Satria Ari
Published: August 2023

The objective of the research was to describe the learning atmosphere during the implementation of “Fix the Mistake Game Book”. Besides, the research was also designed to know how the improvement of the students’ grammar during the implementation of “Fix the Mistake Game Book”. This research was a classroom action research. The research was carried out in first year students of MTSM Penyasawan. This research was conducted in two cycles by following the procedure of action research, i.e. planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results of the research showed that the learning atmosphere also improved. The class became more enthusiastic and feel comfort. Furthermore, Fix The Mistake Game Book was able to improve the students’ grammar mastery. It was proven by the increase of the students’ mean score from 41.34 in pre-test to 47.83 in cycle 1, and 49.84 in cycle 2, although the results of the research were just a little bit improvement. It could be concluded that the use of Fix the Mistake Game Book has proven to be an effective way in teaching-learning of grammar on first year of MTSM Penyasawan.
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING TOWARD ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION FOR SANTRI IN PONDOK PESANTREN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu
Published: August 2023

Entrepreneurship education in Islamic Boarding Schools (Pondok Pesantren) is still growing in certain areas in various parts of Indonesia. According to data from Ministry of Religious Affairs Yogyakarta (2018), there are 288 Islamic Boarding Schools (Pondok Pesantren) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Although some Islamic boarding schools (Pondok Pesantren) still implement education traditionally and only in the form of religious education, some of them are already modern enough to introduce the importance of learning English to their santri. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, which produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and observable behavior. This approach is directed towards the background and the whole individual. The first step is profiling all Pondok Pesantren in Sleman Regency. Then Pondok Pesantren Nawesea is selected because it has an area of excellence in English curriculum with various learning activities using English language. After collecting data and visiting Pondok Pesantren Nawesea, several conclusions and description were drawn and it influenced the implementation of English learning in the entrepreneurship education. The next step is to make observations about the understanding of students toward entrepreneurial competencies in enterprenurship education in Pondok Pesantren Nawesea. Regarding the result of the study, the researcher concludes that it is undeniable that Pondok Pesantren Nawesea (Nawesea Islamic boarding school) has an excellent implementation of English language learning for students, especially for its language intensive programs. The other main objective soon to be developed is to implement entrepreneurial competencies of santri in Pondok Pesantren Nawesea. The data from the observations of this research shown that the closest step that can be taken is to build Kopontren (Kooperasi Pesantren) in which the management activities can involve independent students (santri mandiri) in Pondok Pesantren Nawesea.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ABILITY AND PROBLEM IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
Authors: Elfa Fanalisa
Published: August 2023

Abstract This research aims to analyze the ability and problem of students in writing analytical exposition text. The participants of this research were the students at XI IPA 2 SMAN I Ulakan Tapakis. The type of this research was descriptive research.  The data of the research was collected by administering writing task. The data collected were analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The finding shows that the ability of students in writing thesis arguments, reiteration, language features (Simple present, passive voice and conjunction), vocabulary and mechanics was unsatisfactory. Furthermore they had some problems in writing thesis arguments, reiteration, language features (Simple present, passive voice and conjunction), vocabulary and mechanics. From the data gotten, it can be concluded that the students had unsatisfactory performance in writing analytical exposition text. Key words: students’ability, students’ problems, analytical exposition text.
THE MAKING OF GUESS ME GAME CHALLENGE TO LEARN VOCABULARY FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Imami Khusnul , Malik Abdul
Published: August 2023

As a phenomenon that many students are not so interested in the subject of English. One of the causes is lack of supporting media used by teachers to support the learning process. Students get bored in learning process because some teachers are book-minded. This project deals with The Making of Guess Me Game Challenge to Learn Vocabulary for Junior High School students. The formulation of the problem is how to make Guess Me Game Challenge. The study belongs to descriptive research. The purpose of this study is to make Guess Me Game Challenge to help student in learning vocabulary. There are two components in this game; they are self-made and expert-made components. The conclusions made after the making process of this game are the making processes of Guess Me Game Challenge. The results of this study are Boards, Clue Cards, Nametag and Figures. Keywords: Guessing Game, Vocabulary, Junior High School Students
THE APPLICATION OF MATCHING GAME TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Aswandi Aswandi
Published: August 2023

Based on the problem found in the classroom, mastering English vocabulary is one of the weekness for the student. It seemed difficult for them to understand some words which are unfamiliar with them or even memorizing them. The use of learning media can be more effective and interesting way in learning.Therefore the researcher decided to solve these problems by applying a matching game which can be used as an alternative learning medium in learning Vocabulary. The participanst of this research were 20 Students of English Depatment. Tihis game was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four meetings; three meetings for teaching the vocabulary by using this media, and one of them was for the test. The research findings showed that matching game could improve the students’ vocabulary mastery. It could be seen from the improvement of the students score in test. The average score of students in cycle 1 was 63 and in cycle 2 was 66. In conclusion, the implementation of matching game could improve the students’ Vocabulary mastery at first year Students of English Department at State Polytechnic of Bengkalis.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Siswa Bigar Rahasia , Fitria Rini , Ilfa Rahila Cut Dara
Published: August 2023

The research is aimed to know whether there is a significant difference of student’s vocabulary mastery between those who are taught by using Total Physical Response and those who are taught by using Direct Method. The researcher took the ninth grade student of Mambaúl Hikmah Islamic Boarding School Magelang as the population. There were 80 student. We used total random sampling and divided the student into two groups, group A as the Experimental group was taught using “Total Physical Response”and group B as the control group was taught by using “Direct Method”. The methods used to collect the data are documentation pre-test and post-test answer sheet. There were two tests given in this research. They were pre-test and post-test. To analyze the data the researcher used comparative analysis. The comparative formula of the data analysis used t-test calculation. The researcher used t-test to analyze the data. In which the pre-test score group A is 53, 275 that was higher than the second group. The post test score of group A is 67, 25 that was higher than the group B as the Control group. While t-test proves that difference is significant because the result of T-test is higher that the figure shown on the t-table. Based on the above result, the researcher concludes that there is significant difference between the student who are taught using “Total Physical Response” and those who were taught using “Direct Method”. It is better for English teacher to use “Total Physical Response” as one of technique in teaching vocabulary mastery for junior high school especially in the Islamic Boarding School.
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN CONSTRUCTING IF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES BY APPLYING THE TENSE KEY MATCHING TECHNIQUE AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF STKIP INSAN MADANI AIRMOLE
Authors: Novita Loly , Sabri Muhammad , Elfa Fanalisa
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This study was conducted to improve the students’ ability in constructing If conditional sentences by aplying the tense key matching technique. This was a kind of Classroom Action Research. The subject of the study was the second semester students of the English Department of STKIP Insan Madani Airmolek in academic year 2019/2020. The total number of the students were 10. The objectives of the study was to improve the second semester students’ ability in constructing If conditional  sentences by applying the Tense Key Matching Technique at English Department of STKIP Insan Madani Airmolek. The study was devided into two cycles in which each cycle has four phases (planning, acting, observing and reflecting. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered in this study. Through the result of the study, it shows that there is significant improvement on the students’ ability in constructing If conditional sentences. The mean score of the pre-test in cycle I was 60.7 and the post-test in the same cycle was 74.7. After the technique was applied during the process of teaching and learning, the mean score was higher (84.7).Keywords: Tense key matching technique, If conditional sentences, Students’ ability
CODE MIXING USED BY THE TEACHERS OF LPAM ENGLISH COURSE
Authors: Wilymafidini Okti
Published: August 2023

This research discuss about Code Mixing Used by Teacher of LPAM English Course in the Teaching Learning process. This research aims to  find out the type of code-mixing, and the reason of using code-mixing. The theory used is Hoffman‟s theory about Code Mixing. The data were analyzed using descriptive method. The researcher used observation and interview as the instruments to find out the data. The findings showed that there were three types of code-mixing used by the teachers, they were Intra Sentential Code-Mixing, intra lexical code mixing and Involving Change of Pronunciation, and the reason of using code-mixing were Quoting Somebody Else, Interjection, Repetition Used for Clarification and Real Lexical Need.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH QUESTION ANSWER RELATIONSHIP STRATEGY (QARS)
Authors: Damanik Ade Sahbana , Herman Herman
Published: August 2023

This research was intended to find out the empirical evidence of the influence the (QARS) Question Answer Relationship strategy on student reading comprehension ability in reading comprehension explanation text. The research used quantitative method with quasi experimental design This research was used purposive sampling with the research sample totally 20 students with classified into two classes, namely experimental group and control group, the population of this research was eight grade of SMP YPK Pematangsiantar. The instrument used is reading comprehension test, before giving treatment the student from both classes were give pre-test to know the ability of student reading comprehension in reading explanation text, the test consists 10 multiple choice question.at the end of treatment the student given post-test the data from both tests were analyzed by using mean to measure the score of student the result of mean score of pre-test reveal a significant improvement between pre-test and post-test. In the pre-test the experimental group got 61 while the control group 66 in post-test
SLANG WORDS IN PANDEMIC CONDITION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Eka Dyah , Sudaryanto Memet
Published: August 2023

Slang is one of ways to make language unique. It makes language spoken in society vary. The variation creates new context that is only understood by a certain community. One variation occurs in the pandemic condition in Indonesia. The variation is known as slang. It emerges as the effect of the social diversity of speakers. Its language characteristic is closely connected to the socio-linguistic phenomenon in society. Hence, it is important to conduct analysis on the form and function of slang in the government instruction in mass communication in the pandemic condition in Indonesia. There are five classifications used to classify the slangs. They are fresh and creative, flippant, imitative, acronym, and clipping. Fresh and creative showed any in the government instruction, flippant emerged in some government instructions. Imitative and acronym also emerged in some government instructions, while clipping did not emerge in any of the government instruction. It may happen because some people often use slangs in flippant, imitative, and acronym classifications in their daily life context and conversation.
POPULAR CULTURE OF MAIN CHARACTER IN CONFESSIONS OF A SHOPAHOLIC MOVIE DIRECTED BY P. J. HOGAN
Authors: Chodidjah Chodidjah , Hidayat Dadan , Pratiwi Luspianti
Published: August 2023

The objective of this paper is to know about popular culture especially type of popular culture which occurred in today society and the moral value. This analysis is done based on the source of movie is Confessions of a Shopaholic which focuses on main character only. The writer uses descriptive qualitative method for this analysis which focused on Brummet’s theory of popular culture as the main subject. The result indicates that there are two types of popular culture based on Brummet’s category, there are top down and bottom up. First is top down, which consist of eight points: branded-product, fancy store, shopaholic, credit card, look, property, taxi, and gadget. Second is bottom up, which consists of two points, there are: boot and coat. The writer considered that the most dominant type from those two types and ten points is top down. While for the moral values from the movie, the writes takes six points there are: confront the expenditure, do not let things define you, cost and worth are very different things, credit cards are not magic wands, lying is not a good idea, and everything happens for a reason.  Keyword: Main Character, Movie, Popular Culture.
LECTURERS’ FEEDBACK ON WHATSAPP GROUP: STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION DURING ONLINE CLASS
Authors: Fitriani Yustina , Bandung Murti
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This research is aimed to know the students’ responses to the feedback given by the lecturers during online class and to know the students’ motivation after feedback given. This research belongs to descriptive qualitative. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The participants were students of the second semester who takes an English major in Samarinda. The results showed that students felt happy with the feedback given by lecturers toward the learning materials. They can identify their mistakes, so they can correct them immediately and will not repeat the same mistakes. The students also appreciate it because it really helps them as students to be better in the future. In addition, the feedback given also can improve students’ motivation. They become more enthusiastic to learn more.Keywords: feedbacks, perception, online learning
The Responses of Maritime Department Students toward Online Learning at the third semester during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis
Authors: Aprizawati Aprizawati
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the process of online learning in this pandemic as well as effective and optimal for students’ online learning. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic forced many universities to apply online learning. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The data has collected by using observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Hopefully, this study will find which one is the most interesting online learning way by the lecturers to teach especially at the third semester students of Maritime Department, Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis. There are WhatsApp Group, Zoom, Google Meet and Google Classroom that the lecturers always use at this department. The study will suggest for students in online learning and the development of other media to implement effective online lectures that other researchers expose the solution to get more experience.Keywords: Students, Responses, Learning, Pandemic
THE EFFECT OF USING PICTIONARY GAME TO INCREASE THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY OF THE SEVENTH GRADE AT SMPN 4 BANTAN
Authors: Aminah Siti , Mayasari Wan Julia
Published: August 2023

Astract : The aim of the study was to find out the effect of using Pictionary game on the students’ vocabulary mastery before and after being taught by using this game. There were two classes as the samples namely experimented class with twenty (20) students and the other was controlled class with twenty (20) students as well. Three questions were formulated : a) How is the students’ vocabulary mastery before being taught by using Pictionary game?, b) How is the students’ vocabulary mastery after being taught by using Pictionary game?and c) Is there any significant effect on the students’ vaocabulary mastery by using Pictionary game?. Based on the result, the mean score of expermented class was 73, controlled class 60 and ttest was 4,00. It showed that ttest was higher than ttable in 1% and 5% (2.03≤4,00≥2.72). It meant that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. In sum, Pictionary game was effective to increase the students’ vocabulary mastery of the seventh grade at SMPN 4 Bantan. Key Words : Vocabulary, Pictionary Game.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING THROUGH MAKING ENGLISH VLOGS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Jusmaya Ance -
Published: August 2023

This research is focused on developing students' speaking ability through Project Based Learning method by making vlogs about Pariaman Tourism. This is based on the findings of previous research which showed that the majority of students at the University of West Sumatra still have low English skills. The design of this research is a quasi-experimental research that wants to know the effect of Project Based Learning by making vlogs on the speaking ability of students at the University of West Sumatra. To determine the students' speaking ability, this study used a speaking test, through three pre-test and post-test. The pre-test was used to see the speaking ability before undergoing treatment and the posttest was used to see the difference in students' speaking scores after being given treatment. The research subjects were students from the Management Department at the University of West Sumatra who took English class 2. The data found showed that Project Based Learning using vlogs had a significant effect on students' speaking skills. This conclusion can be seen based on the analysis that has been carried out where t table t is observed. t observed = 3.80 and t table 2.30 with a standard significance of 0.05. So, it can be concluded that students' speaking skills can be improved by using the Project Based Learning method in making vlogs.
IMPROVING STUDENTS READING SKILLS THROUGH READING LOG ACTIVITIES AT SMKN 3 TANJUNG PINANG
Authors: Taqiyuddin Taqiyuddin , Syaputra Deo Irwan , Ramadhani Diana Fitri , Yonantha Ferri , Fitria Rini
Published: August 2023

This research is a Quasi Experiment Design research. This study analyzed using Reading Logs to improve students' reading skills at SMKN Tanjung Pinang. Experimental Research is defined as a research method used to find the effect of Reading Log activity. There are two groups in this research, experimental and control classes. The experimental class acquired treatment for Reading Log activities, while the control class did not get the Reading Log activity treatment. In this study, the researcher used the simulation method in experimental class the, while the control class used the demonstration method. Based on the results of the t-test on students' reading skills, it can be seen from the value of the Independent sample T-Test data analysis where the T-count value is 5,971 with a significance of 0.000. The significance value showed 0.000 <0.005 and Ho is rejected. This is also supported by the mean value of the experimental class is 84.78 which is greater than the control class is about 73.00. Based on the results of the statistical test, it can be concluded that Reading Log activities can improve students' reading skills.
The Implementation of Bilingual Flashcards to Improve Vocabulary Mastery in Fiqh Lesson for the First Grader at SDNU Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Sarifudin Mahmud , Rahayu Rahayu
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out to implement bilingual flashcards method in Fiqh learning, especially during a pandemic to the first grade students at SDNU Sleman Yogyakarta. This research method is classroom action research (CAR). The data was collected using pretest and post test which were then processed using the SPSS v.22 application. The results of these data indicate that the average change of both, before using flashcard media is 49.44 while after using flashcards media is 86.66. The increase in the average indicates a very good result. While the result of significance (tailed2) is 0.00 less than 0.05 so that it shows a significant difference between the two variables and shows a significant effect on the difference in treatment between the two variables.
STUDENT’S DIFFICULTIES IN LISTENING TOEIC TEST OF SEMESTER II (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS) AT THE STATE POLYTECHNIC BENGKALIS
Authors: Wahana Desi , Satria Ari , Zahraa Safra Apriani
Published: August 2023

Toeic test is one of the requirements to graduate at State Polytechnic Bengkalis. To pass in Toeic test, some of students get difficulties to pass the passing grade. The aim of this study is to find out students’ difficulties in listening to Toeic tests and how to overcome the problem. This study found that students’ ability in listening comprehension on Toeic test was average category from 11 students by 36.7%. Then students ‘difficulties in Toeic tests Picture description (used similar sound answered agree by 50%), question response (the speech rate answered agree by 53.3%), short conversation (unfamiliar word answered strongly agree by 53.5%), short talks (can easily miss the text answered agree by 43.3%).
EKSTRAKSI BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya) SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF ANTIBAKTERIAL PADA LARVA UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) SECARA IN VITRO DAN IN VIVO
Authors: Cahyadi Jimmy , Sovina Laylan
Published: August 2023

This research was the administration of papaya seed extract to black tiger prawn which were challenged with Vibrio harveyii infection in vivo and in vitro to determine the effectiveness of papaya seed extract in inhibiting vibrio harveyii. This research was conducted in the laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Borneo Tarakan in vitro and in vivo. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and statistically. Based on observations and research it is known that papaya seed extract (Carica papaya) in vitro contains active antibacterial ingredients such as saponins, flavonoids which can inhibit Vibrio in breeding so that it has an impact on the weakness of Vibrio harveyii in disturbing and inhibiting the growth of tiger shrimp larvae during independent research. in vivo. The survival rate of black tiger prawn larvae from the total of each treatment which was maintained for 12 days of treatment showed that the highest value was achieved in treatment P3 of 90% and the lowest was obtained in the negative control treatment of 5%, while in treatment P1 (positive control) of 95 %, P4 was 78% and P2 treatment was 65%.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMANTAUAN SUHU, KELEMBABAN DAN KADAR GAS AMONIA BERBASIS ANDROID PADA PETERNAKAN KAMBING SAPERA MITRA AGRO ABADI FARM
Authors: Mara Muhlasah Novitasari
Published: August 2023

The partner of this program is a dairy goat breeder Mitra Agro Abadi Farm which is located in Barukan Village, Semarang Regency. The fundamental problem of dairy goat farmers in Barukan Village is related to continuous real time monitoring of temperature, humidity and ammonia gas levels in goat cages. Breeders still use the manual method by estimating changes in temperature and humidity and changes in ammonia gas making the goat cage susceptible to disease in goats so that it affects the production of goat milk produced. Therefore, the PKM team offers a solution to create a system that can monitor temperature, humidity and ammonia gas levels in an Android-based goat pen that can be monitored via the farmer's cellphone, then the monitoring data is sent via the internet and then provides notifications to farmers remotely in real time. via mobile phones so that farmers can provide immediate handling or action if the cage conditions are not in accordance with ideal conditions. The goal to be achieved from this activity is that the Barukan Village goat breeders are IT literate and it is easier to control the condition of the goat cages in a measurable manner. Thus, the quality of goat's milk production also increases
STRATEGI PEMASARAN PRODUK MAKANAN RINGAN (USAHA TAPE GORENG WIJEN)
Authors: Parandangi Ema
Published: August 2023

Cassava is a type of tuber that contains carbohydrates so that it can also be used as a substitute staple food.cassava has important nutrients and benefits for the body. In 100 grams of boiled cassava there are calories,98 percent of which comes from carbohydrates,the rest comes from protein and fat. The same dose.cassava also contains fiber,vitamins and minerals while the health benefits include adding good energy for the body.cassava can be processed into various types of food,among which can be processed into tape by means of a fermentation process,namely the oxidation reaction of organic compounds in glutinous rice and cassava with tape yeast.tape has a sour and sweet taste as a result of the fermentation process in Indonesia it self .one of the food ingredients that is very easy to get in various regions,especially in the city of palopo.cassava is processed into traditional snacks,one of which is cheese tape goreng wijen .it is hoped that this new variant of this food is liked and has many fans so that people can take advantage of the resources the natural environment in the area,namely cassava,becomes income and economic value
OPTIMALISASI KUALITAS KERJA DALAM MEMBERIKAN PELAYANAN PT. ANGKASA PURA 1 PERSERO BALI
Authors: Syukur Maria Febriend , Sukadana I Wayan
Published: August 2023

This study aims to find out what strategies are carried out by the General service division at PT. Angkasa Pura I Persero in managing the company. In this case the General Service is responsible for managing various matters related to the company's operational activities. General service plays an important role in ensuring that every company activity can run well. For this reason, in order to facilitate roles and responsibilities, General Service must make a quality work strategy. Some of these important strategies are strategies for maintaining and being responsible for company assets, strategies for making RAB, and social strategies with external parties. With this strategy, General Service was able to make PT. Angkasa Pura I Persero Bali Survive until now. The above strategy ensures that the work and services of the General Service division are of high quality.
PENGARUH VARIASI BERAT KATUP BUANG DAN KETINGGIAN INPUT PADA KINERJA POMPA HIDRAM
Authors: Denilson Denilson , Murdianto Deny , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: August 2023

The hydram pump comes from the word Hydraulic Ram, which is a pump that works by relying on the beat of a hydraulic system that can work without using electricity or fuel. Hydram pumps work by harnessing the potential energy in water in a straight pipe and then turning it into dynamic pressure which results in the creation of a water strike resulting in high pressure in the pump. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in exhaust valve weight and input height on the performance of the hydram pump. The exhaust valve weight variables used in this study were 0 gram, 40 gram, 50 gram and 60 gram, with the input height from the surface of 190 cm and 240 cm. The analysis technique is carried out by examining the data obtained from the research results, where the results are in the form of quantitative data made in tabular form and displayed in graphical form. The results of the study showed the highest efficiency of 52.47% at a height of 240 cm, and at a height of 190 cm the highest efficiency was obtained at 40.75%, and the highest yield water discharge at a valve weight of 50 grams was 6.51 l/minute at a height of 240 cm. and at a height of 190 cm, the resulting water discharge is 3.80 l/minute with a valve weight of 50 grams.
RADIO KOMUNITAS SEBAGAI TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA UNTUK KOMUNIKASI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Rustamaji Rustamaji , Sawitri Kania
Published: August 2023

At this time there are various types of equipment for electronic communication or often called telecommunications equipment that can be used by the public. Difficulties for students who do not have or master the use of the latest telecommunications equipment, and live in areas that are not covered by telecommunications networks. Of course there must be an appropriate alternative technology that can be used. Where one of them uses broadcast technology through "community radio". Community radio is a radio broadcasting station that is owned, managed, earmarked, initiated, and established by a community. Community radio to disseminate or broadcast information in the form of sound (audio) such as talk, news, or music, through radio waves at a certain frequency. Community radio is useful for distance learning activities, both in situations where there is a pandemic that limits face-to-face activities, or situations without a pandemic, such as overcoming technological limitations in areas that are not covered by cable or cellular telecommunications networks for internet applications.
PERBEDAAN JUMLAH IKAT BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN RUMPUT LAUT (Kappaphycus alvarezii) MENGGUNAKAN METODE LONG LINE PANTAI AMAL KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Cahyadi Jimmy , Ihsan Burhanuddin , Asrullah Asrullah
Published: August 2023

Seaweed is one of the fisheries commodities that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. The cultivation of seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) in the Coastal Waters of Amal Baru, Tarakan City, is traditionally done using the longline method. The gillnet method is the most used method by seaweed farmers because it is flexible in choosing locations and relatively inexpensive. The research aims to determine the difference in the number of seaweed seedlings on the absolute and specific growth rates. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment P1 (1 bundle), P2 (2 bundles), P3 (3 bundles), and P4 (4 bundles). The results showed that the growth of seaweed seedlings with different numbers of bundles influenced absolute and specific growth rates. The best treatment was found in treatment P4 with an average absolute growth rate of 80.00% and an average specific growth rate of 100%.
On the pathogenesis of obesity-associated osteoarthritis
Authors: Buryanov O.A. , Kvasha V.P. , Kuprii V.O. , Skobenko E.O. , Skobenko O.E.
Published: August 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease that is initiated by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors (metabolic, mechanical, including traumatic), which leads to a violation of the properties of cartilage tissue with the subsequent spread of the pathological process to all structural elements of the joint and leads to the development of persistent inflammation. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common dystrophic-degenerative joint diseases, which occurs in 6.4–12.0% of the planet's population. The purpose of the study is to determine modern views on the peculiarities of the pathogenesis of obesity-associated osteoarthritis based on the study of literary sources. An analysis of literature sources was carried out by using the MEDLINE database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, EMBASE, Science Citation Index (Web of Science), Science direct and Scopus by searching: osteoarthritis, obesity, osteoarthritis associated with obesity. The subject of assessment is the pathogenetic relationship of these diseases. The mechanical factor in the development of osteoarthritis is a proven factor in general and in excess body weight in particular. Such a relationship is confirmed by many studies, and the content is that the mediator of the relationship between obesity and OA is biomechanical factors, which are implemented through the redistribution of increased body weight to the supporting joints. The use of modern technological research methods provides an opportunity to deepen the understanding of the complex molecular relationship between OA and obesity. Adipokines have the potential to identify an additional pathogenetic link in the development and progression of OA in obese patients, which forms a potentially new approach in the development and implementation of methods for the prevention and therapy of OA in obese patients. However, views on the correlations of adipokines with OA are quite different (direct, inverse, and even absent), which requires further study.

Keywords: osteoarthritis, obesity, adipokinins, leptin, apodenectin, resistin.
L’inscription ibérique de San Miguel de Liria et le basco-ibérisme en général
Authors: Iglesias Hector
Published: August 2023

L’auteur propose une nouvelle hypothèse en ce qui concerne la célèbre et énigmatique inscription ibère de San Miguel de Liria. Il reprend également la question ‘basco-ibère’ et raffelle que cette question est loin d’être élucidée. Plusieurs similitudes toponymiques ‘basco-ibères’ sont tellement transparentes et évidentes qu’elles demandent á être expliquées. La question de la parenté ‘basco-ibère’ semble à nouveau être posée.
Análisis crítico de los desarrollos etimológicos de Uhlenbeck y Michelena para el vasco ilargi “luna”
Authors: Zytsar Yuri
Published: August 2023

El autor propone en este artículo la posible etimologización del término vasco ilargi “luna”. A su juicio, esta palabra del antiguo léxico vasco está unida claramente a la religión, a las creencias y costumbres de los antiguos vascos. Critica la propuesta de Uhlenbeck y comenta la aportación de Mitxelena.
Eibarko euskararen intonazioaz
Authors: Gaminde Iñaki
Published: August 2023

Artikulu honetan Eibarko euskararen intonazioaren oinarrizko ereduen gaineko datuak eta euron azterketa aurkezten dugu. Lan honetarako azentu ez markatudun hitzak eta aditza amaierako egongunean dauzkaten esaldiak baino ez ditugu aukeratu. Jaso ditugun datuen aurkezpenarekin batera, euron azterketa fonetikoa eta fonologikoa ere egin ditugu.

Ataletariko batean datuen normalizazioak dakarkigun arazoaz jardun ez ezik, konponbide metodologiko bat iradoki ere egin dugu. Azkenik, barietate honetarako lortu ditugun ondorioak ezagutzen ditugun besten batzuetakoekin erkatu ditugu, erkaketa honen helburua etorkizunean egingo den euskararen intonazio-ereduen mapa egiten hastea da.
Acerca del sufijo toponímico -ain
Authors: Salaberri Zaratiegi Patxi
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo el autor analiza el sufijo -ain, que tanto ha dado que hablar entre los estudiosos que se han ocupado de la toponimia vasca, con el objetivo de hacer un poco de luz en este tema todavía oscuro en cierta medida. En cuanto a la estructura del trabajo, el autor explica en primer lugar cuál es la extensión del sufijo e intenta ver si hay algún tipo de relación entre el -ain vasco y los nombres bearneses con final similar. Después examina lo que los diversos autores han dicho sobre -ain, clasificándolos por grupos. Finalmente, y de manera bastante extensa, el autor expone su punto de vista, basándose para ello sobre todo en los nombres que aparecen en la toponimia navarra.
Nombres de oficios en la oiconimia navarra
Authors: Iñigo Ariztegi Andrés
Published: August 2023

En una gran parte de Navarra las casas tienen nombre que, por lo general, se ha conservado hasta nuestros días. El origen de dichos nombres es muy diverso: referencias a aspectos personales –nombres de pila, apodos, apellidos, patronímicos, oficios...–, a topónimos, a características propias de la casa, etc. En este trabajo se hace referencia a nombres de oicónimos de Navarra que han tomado su denominación de la actividad laboral u oficio de los dueños que la edificaron o de las personas que la habitaron posteriormente. Los mencionados oficios se presentan clasificados por sectores de actividad y se analizan, asimismo, otros elementos que incluyen dichas denominaciones, especialmente los sufijos que se aplican a los nombres de dichos oficios para convertirlos en oicónimos.
Relación del vasco ola (choza) y alaba (hija) con las lenguas caucásicas y del antiguo oriente
Authors: Zytsar Yuri
Published: August 2023

En este artículo el profesor Y. V. Zytsar fundamenta su exposición en los términos vascos ola “cabaña” y alaba “hija” y hace una comparación con las lenguas caucásicas, antiguas lenguas de Oriente e intenta demostrar también una relación de estos términos con lenguas de origen indoeuropeo. El autor investiga en la Historia, la Mitología, la estructura de la familia y la propia evolución de estos términos para demostrar una relación entre ellos.
Sakana erdialdeko azentuaren deskribapena
Authors: Erdozia Mauleón José Luis
Published: August 2023

Artikulu honetan Sakana erdialdeko azentuaren gaia aztertu dut, aurretik jakinaren gainean izanik hauxe ez dela asmo batere xamurra. Horrexegatik, azterketa esparruko azentuari buruz orain arte esan dena aztertzeaz gain, herriz herri aritu naiz belarriz zein grabagailuz, bertako hiztunek esaten zutena jasotzen, jarraian ondorio batzuk atera ditudalarik, beti ere, kontuan izanik herri bakoitzeko informatzaileek esan eta nire belarriek hartutakoaren araberakoak izan direla gehien bat aipatu ondorioak. Honetaz gain, Ahotsa programa informatikoa erabili dut belarriek esaten zidatena konfirmatu asmoz, eta guztietan ere ez bada horrela izan, gehienetan bai, azpimarratu ditu nire susmoak, artikuluaren amaieran, burutzapen horietako hamaika azaltzen ditudalarik.