bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conhecimento da engenharia associado ao lançamento de foguete de garrafa pet: experiência com meninas de escolas públicas do município de Gurupi-TO
Authors: Menezes Flávia Borges de , Alves Erica Vitoria dos Santos , Ferrante César Augusto de Oliveira , Silva Káttia Ferreira da , Sousa Rosângela Pimenta de , Jerônimo Netto Antonio , Santos Marlene Evangelista dos , Alves Uilson Pereira , Bezerra Mireia Aparecida Pereira , Bessa Nelita Gonçalves Faria de
Published: August 2022

Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência de um projeto de iniciação científica (IC) CNPq “Elas na Engenharia: Por que não?”, com a temática “lançamento de foguete”. A estratégia realizada foi uma intervenção no processo de aprendizado nas áreas de engenharias e afins. O estudo foi financiado pelo CNPq, com participação de professores docentes de Engenharia Civil da Universidade de Gurupi (UnirG) e acadêmicas bolsistas de IC do curso, executado em cinco escolas públicas municipais e estaduais, com envolvimento de professoras bolsistas ATP e meninas bolsistas de IC junior. O objetivo foi apresentar às alunas das escolas públicas sobre a importância da inserção de mulheres nos cursos de engenharia, usando o lançamento de foguetes com garrafa pet e mostrando na prática os ensinamentos da química, física, matemática e mostrar as etapas do processo de construção e aprendizagem tendo a problematização como estratégia. Os protótipos utilizados foram de vinagre e bicarbonato de sódio, e também de água e ar comprimido. Ambos tiveram resultados satisfatórios, sendo o de vinagre e bicarbonato de sódio com alcances maiores, com contribuições quanto ao despertar de escolares para as áreas das engenharias e inclusão de gênero.
Direitos humanos, saúde pública e COVID-19 em presídios femininos no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Ellen de Moraes e , Santos Rayra Pereira Buriti , Weil Andreza Gomes , Ferreira Aldo Pacheco
Published: August 2022

Emergências em saúde pública põem em xeque a praticabilidade dos preceitos regidos pelos direitos humanos em populações vulnerabilizadas. A pandemia de COVID-19 acendeu um alerta acerca da ausência do emprego das garantias humanas fundamentais dentro de presídios femininos o qual já era caracterizado pela dura realidade da invisibilidade, portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na aplicação das ações e serviços de direitos humanos e saúde pública em estabelecimentos penais destinados as mulheres. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, onde foram utilizadas produções coletadas na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Oxford Academic (OXford - EBSCO), Google Acadêmico. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de janeiro a maio de 2022, abrangendo publicações entre os anos de 2020 a 2022. Sem restrição de idiomas. Os resultados foram apresentados em três categorias: (1) Principais normativas legais nacionais e internacionais sobre Direitos Humanos em estabelecimentos penais; (2) Limitações da aplicação de ações de direitos humanos em estabelecimentos prisionais femininos em meio a uma emergência de saúde pública; (3) As principais violações notificadas acerca das garantias previstas nas normativas apresentadas. Alguns dos resultados apontam para o enfraquecimento da aplicação dos direitos humanos e pelo aprofundamento da pobreza, aumento das desigualdades, discriminação estrutural e arraigada e, outras lacunas na proteção dos direitos humanos das mulheres em situação de prisão.
Percepção do ensino remoto em crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de TDAH, seus pais e professores
Authors: Tanaka Amanda de Oliveira , Bissi Stéfani da Silveira , Rossetto Alessandra de Arriba
Published: August 2022

O SARS-CoV-2, conhecido popularmente como Coronavírus, foi identificado em Wuhan, na China, em dezembro de 2019. A disseminação contagiosa acelerada da COVID-19 levou a Organização Mundial da Saúde a decretar Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (ESPII) em 2020. Para conter sua rápida disseminação, medidas de distanciamento social foram adotadas acarretando desafios nos diferentes contextos. No âmbito educacional, o Ministério da Educação decretou a substituição das aulas presenciais pelo ensino remoto emergencial. O TDAH é um transtorno neurobiológico caracterizado por um padrão persistente de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade-impulsividade, que interfere no funcionamento, no desenvolvimento e no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos portadores desta condição. Estudos anteriores apontaram as implicações que as novas tecnologias digitais podem ter no processo de aprendizagem/desenvolvimento de escolares com TDAH. Igualmente, foi destacado que a metodologia didática usada pelos professores deve favorecer o desenvolvimento e comportamento da criança com TDAH. Neste contexto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica para descrever os resultados das pesquisas que avaliam a percepção do ensino remoto em crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH, seus pais e professores, para conhecer as facilidades e as dificuldades no uso dos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem.  Observam-se resultados inconsistentes sobre o impacto do ensino remoto nas crianças e adolescentes com TDAH, pois alguns estudos apontam benefícios e outros malefícios. Conclui-se a necessidade de futuras pesquisas para esclarecer as disparidades e os fatores que interferem nos resultados e facilitem ou dificultem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em alunos com TDAH.
Construção de uma prática terapêutica ocupacional com crianças com atraso no desenvolvimento: Relato de Experiência
Authors: Silva Laryssa Celly Rodrigues da , Paiva Rayssa Béder César , Albuquerque Raquel Costa
Published: August 2022

Objetivo:  Este estudo objetivou compreender de que forma estrutura-se a prática terapêutica ocupacional cujo objetivo é favorecer o desempenho ocupacional de crianças com AD em suas ocupações. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência construído a partir das vivências na disciplina Estágio Supervisionado em Terapia Ocupacional 1, ministrada no sétimo período do curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), em uma instituição sem fins lucrativos localizada no bairro do Recife. Foram realizados atendimentos semanais com crianças com diferentes diagnósticos, como Síndrome de Down e Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Resultados e Discussão: As intervenções foram estruturadas de forma gradual, iniciando a partir da aplicação da anamnese e avaliações com a família e a criança. O brincar foi utilizado como instrumento para favorecer a criação do vínculo e mediar o desenvolvimento de habilidades necessárias para o desempenho ocupacional. Verificou-se a partir da análise de evoluções o aprimoramento de habilidades antes não exploradas pelo indivíduo que favoreceram a execução das ocupações. Conclusão: Devido ao curto período para reaplicação dos instrumentos não se obteve o resultado qualitativo dessa evolução, sendo registrada apenas através da observação. No entanto, tornou-se perceptível o potencial da intervenção terapêutica ocupacional através de uma prática realizada de forma gradual e estruturada, realizando junto a um profissional formado desde a aplicação de instrumentos, desenvolvimento de habilidades isoladas, até o treino da atividade.
Avaliação das técnicas de inserção de MTA em dentes preparados apicalmente simulando rizogênese incompleta: estudo in vitro
Authors: Tomazoli Aline Thomazelli Peres , Cabau Leonardo , Tolentino Elen , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita , Tookuni Izabela Volpato Marques , Endo Marcos Sérgio
Published: August 2022

A apicificação com MTA na rizogênese incompleta permite a formação da barreira apical de forma rápida e segura, contudo, existe a dificuldade da sua inserção nos condutos radiculares. Neste estudo avaliou-se comparativamente, in vitro, a eficácia do selamento apical em dentes humanos, quando utilizados os dispositivos: porta-MTA, broca Lentulo e cone de guta percha. Foram utilizados 60 dentes anteriores extraídos, com comprimentos entre 20 e 25 mm. O preparo dos canais radiculares deu-se pelo uso das brocas Gates-Glidden, progressivamente, do número 1 ao número 4, e para a simulação da divergência apical, usou-se a 5, de forma retrógrada. A amostra foi randomizada em 3 grupos (n=20) para a confecção dos plugs apicais. Grupo 01, broca Lentulo, grupo 2, o porta-MTA e o grupo 3, cone de guta-percha #80. A qualidade das barreiras apicais passou pela avaliação de um residente em Endodontia, por meio de radiografias periapicais digitais. Considerou-se um escore de 0 a 3, verificando a correspondência do plug apical ao ápice radiográfico, o preenchimento dos 4 mm apicais da raiz e a ausência de espaço entre o material e as paredes do canal. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos (p> 0,05) e os escores em ordem decrescente foram: 2 (48,3%), 1 (23,3%), 3 (18,4%) e 0 (10%). Concluiu-se que não existiu diferença na eficácia do selamento apical em dentes humanos, in vitro, simulando rizogênese incompleta, quando comparados a broca Lentulo, o porta-MTA, e cone de guta percha.
Infodemiologia sobre vacinação na internet brasileira: análise dos critérios técnicos de qualidade
Authors: Natarelli Taison Regis Penariol , Ferreira Fernanda Medrado de Souza , Silva Francislene do Carmo , Domingues Aline Natalia , Moreno Ana Isabel Parro , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti
Published: August 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo localizar e analisar, com base em critérios de qualidade, websites de notícias que apresentassem informações sobre vacinas. Trata-se de um estudo infodemiológico descritivo, observacional e transversal, em que foram analisadas as características técnicas de qualidade de websites brasileiros sobre o tema vacinação. A busca foi realizada no período de outubro a dezembro de 2021, incluindo páginas no idioma português. Para a avaliação dos critérios técnicos de qualidade, foi utilizado um instrumento composto por dezesseis questões fechadas, que abordam a análise de confiabilidade e informações. Foram identificados 20.800.000 websites de notícias, após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, 139 páginas foram analisadas. Nenhuma das páginas declarou conflitos de interesse. Apenas 56,1% das páginas revelou o nome do autor e 16,5% não citavam as referências utilizadas. Somente 10,8% das notícias apresentavam os graus de evidência clínica. A análise realizada alerta para uma preocupação na qualidade e na veiculação de informações relacionadas à vacinação, que deve ser considerada pela repercussão nacional e, também, pelo combate às Fake News.
Impacto da pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 no rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero no município de Taboão da Serra - SP
Authors: Vieira Camila Maria , Cepeda Aline do Nascimento , Souza Larissa Nínive Santos de , Cardozo Mariah Marrara , Carbone Luís Felipe Barreiras , Sgroi Jaqueline Christiane Lanaro
Published: August 2022

No Brasil a Atenção Primária à Saúde é responsável pelo rastreamento precoce de neoplasias. O Câncer de Colo de Útero está em segundo lugar como o câncer mais prevalente no país. Seu método de rastreamento é o exame de colpocitologia oncótica realizado em mulheres entre 25 a 64 anos com vida sexual ativa.  Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2 no rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero no município de Taboão da Serra - SP.  Método: foi um estudo observacional transversal, com análise de bases de dados fornecidos pelo município de Taboão da Serra. Resultado: constatou-se que, no respectivo município, o total de exames colpocitológicos nas mulheres de idade elegível (25 - 64 anos), coletados em 2019 foi de 6.276 e, no ano seguinte, 2020, foi de 4.207. Houve uma redução absoluta de 2.069 e relativa de 32,97%. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu analisar o impacto da pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 no rastreamento do Câncer de Colo de Útero, no entanto também foi observado que no ano que antecede a pandemia o rastreamento no município também era deficitário, assim não há uma garantia que esse rastreamento esteja sendo eficaz para reduzir a morbimortalidade.
Análise da qualidade de vida e sobrecarga de cuidadores familiares de idosos assistidos pela atenção domiciliar
Authors: Pereira Jéssica de Aquino , Souza Irene Duarte , Bazilio Jennifer , Figueira Maura Cristiane e Silva , Silva Eliete Maria
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: analisar as variáveis que repercutem na piora da qualidade de vida e no aumento da sobrecarga entre cuidadores familiares de idosos dependentes assistidos por um serviço de atenção domiciliar público. Metodologia: estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com 143 cuidadores familiares de idosos, entre setembro de 2017 e agosto de 2019. A coleta e análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de questionário sociodemográfico, econômico e clínico, e das escalas Zarit Burden Interview (sobrecarga) e World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (qualidade de vida). Realizou-se análise descritiva, bem como de comparação. Resultados: A maioria eram mulheres (87,4%), com sobrecarga moderada (41,8%) ou de moderada a severa (35,0%), qualidade de vida mediana, doentes (68,5%), com dores frequentes (52,4%), que utilizavam medicações contínuas (61,5%), inclusive analgésicos (55,2%) e ansiolíticos /antidepressivos (25,2%), com problemas de sono (76,9%), deambulação (37,8%) e financeiros (35,7%), que não realizavam atividades físicas (81,8%) e de lazer (76,9%) e possuíam pouco apoio social. Nos testes de comparação foi evidenciado como essas variáveis repercutiram na diminuição da qualidade de vida física, emocional, social e ambiental, e no aumento da sobrecarga. Conclusão: É imprescindível um olhar atento às necessidades físicas, psicológicas, sociais e ambientais dos cuidadores familiares, para traçar estratégias que visem o envolvimento dos demais membros da família, sociedade, serviços de saúde e poder público para inclusão dos cuidadores familiares no plano de cuidados.
Fontes de energias renováveis: pesquisas, tendências e perspectivas sobre as práticas sustentáveis
Authors: Araújo Raiane Sodré de , Sousa Flaviany Luise Nogueira de , Vanderley Paulino Sousa , Bentes Suzana Oliveira da Silva , Gomes Luiz Moreira , Ferreira Fernanda Carla Lima
Published: August 2022

O uso das fontes de energias renováveis em diversos campos do conhecimento é uma forte tendência global, isto graças às inúmeras vantagens socioeconômicas e ambientais advindas a partir da adoção de práticas sustentáveis, que permitem promover um equilíbrio entre a preservação do meio ambiente e o bem-estar da população atual e futura. O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias a base de energia solar e eólica tem sido considerada uma das muitas soluções-chaves para atender a alta demanda energética mundial. Entretanto, apesar dos diversos benefícios relacionados à sustentabilidade, o panorama mundial mostra que ainda não temos um cenário tão sustentável e este ainda galga posições a passos lentos, por questões que incluem apoio financeiro do governo, incentivos à pesquisa, falta de conhecimento da população, uma visão sustentável dos empreendedores e entre outros fatores. Neste trabalho, realizou-se um estudo de uma revisão bibliográfica de natureza sistemática, para avaliar as principais medidas, tendências adotadas e uma maior compreensão sobre as fontes de energias renováveis. Algumas vantagens e desvantagens envolvendo as tecnologias solar e eólica são discutidas neste artigo, a fim de contribuir significativamente com a relação das principais práticas e perspectivas acerca da geração e produção de energia a partir destas. Os resultados destes estudos apontam, que apesar dos investimentos feitos, espera-se mais investimentos em pesquisas e instalações de parques eólicos e melhores condições de financiamento para adesão das placas solares e aerogeradores, visando superar as limitações atuais da indústria de energia renovável, tendo em vista que este é um mercado que ainda necessita de explorações e investimentos em novas pesquisas para ampliar essa grande área de estudo.
The Concept of Information Neutrality in the Context of Contemporary International Law
Authors: Moroz Nataliya
Published: August 2022

Information neutrality is a new term used in the Information Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus. Given the fact it is associated with the implementation of an external dimension of ensuring information security, the article attempts to reveal its content in relation to other concepts traditionally used in international law («neutrality», «permanent neutrality»), as well as to new terms that have been developed in academic publications due to active use of information and telecommunication technologies («cyberneutrality», «network neutrality»). The author concludes that the notion «information neutrality» used in the Information Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus differs from the traditional understanding of the term «neutrality» in contemporary international law. The policy of information neutrality proclaimed by Belarus creates an extensive range of voluntary obligations and serves to build international trust and contribute to international information security.
The Evolution of the China’s Cultural Export Policy (2001—2020)
Authors: Shi Dandan
Published: August 2022

The export of cultural products and services is a key element of China’s international outreach
strategy. The author presents a comprehensive review of the Chinese policy on the export of Chinese
cultural products and services for 2001—2020. Stages in the evolution of this policy are identifi ed from
a review of the documents adopted by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the
State Council of China. The author concludes that the growing share of Chinese cultural products in
international markets is an eff ective tool to increase the international infl uence of Chinese culture and
is evidence of China’s rising soft power.
Middle course of the Desna at the turn of the 1st millennium BC – 1st millennium AD: a view of archaeozoologist
Authors: Чубур Артур Артурович
Published: August 2022

Generalised regional information on the fauna of the sites of the Pochep culture (Vorobeyna-1, Kudeyarka, Pochep, Kurovo-7). Dominance cattle, pig. On the Kudeyarka a sheep prevails. A comparison with the preceding Yukhnovo culture demonstrates a sharp difference between the structure of the herd and the values of hunting. The reason is the change of the population and the landscape. For Kyiv culture, replacing the priest was studied osteological material from the north of the area (Chotylevo-2, Novoyamskoe-3a). In the herd dominates cattle and pigs, the proportion of petty cattle is less. Horse carriers of the Pochene and Kyiv traditions, unlike of Yukhnovo peoples, practically did not eat, using both the righteous and heavy animal. According to archeozoology, the Yukhnovo culture does not demonstrate a connection with the Pochep and Kyiv cultures.
Analysis of Ancient tradition of punishments in Sparta
Authors: Печатнова Лариса Гаврииловна
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the system of punishments used in Sparta for two offenses: for refusing to marry and for cowardice shown in battle. Ancient authors, especially Xenophon and Plutarch, give a list of punishments for these offenses. In court, the perpetrators were deprived of many of the rights directly related to the status of full citizens. Extrajudicial punishments were mostly spectacular and took place in public places. Spartan youth played a special role in the persecution of bachelors and so-called tremblers as the two main categories to be punished. However, the few testimonies that have come down to us do not make it possible to determine how often punishments for refusing to marry and for cowardice in battle were applied and how exactly they were formalised in practice. The almost complete absence in the tradition of specific examples of their application leads to the conclusion that the picture drawn by ancient authors does not fully correspond to reality. This is what Spartan propaganda wanted to present to the outside world. The writers-laconophiles, like Critias or Xenophon, in turn, used this material to create an ideal image of Sparta.
Food supply in the unoccupied territory of Belarus during the First World War
Authors: Моторова Надежда Сергеевна
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the problem of organising food supply for the civilian population of unoccupied Belarusian provinces during the First World War. It is noted that in 1914 traditional method of price regulation through the issuance of rates was used to resolve it. Starting from 1915, food committees and commissions began to be created in the structure of the local self-government institutions to prevent shortage of goods and speculative trade. They were entrusted with the organisation of the purchase of food and its distribution, the maintenance of food warehouses and the development of rates. To provide financial support for their activities, there were used funds from local budgets and credits received from banks under the guarantees of the treasury or from government institutions. However, local authorities could not solve the problem of food supply for the civilian population effectively due to the lack of a unified concept of food policy at the state level and the lack of coordination between the actions of central departments. To the greatest extent, it manifested itself in the organisation of food supplies from the central regions of the Russian Empire to the front-line provinces. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Empire, when determining the supply areas, did not coordinate the transportation plan with the War Ministry of the Russian Empire, which controlled the railways. The department also faced opposition from the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Empire. It contributed food shortages, speculation and rising prices. As a result in late 1916 – early 1917 in the Belarusian provinces, not occupied by German troops, the food crisis worsened and turned into one of the main factors of destabilisation of the internal situation, which led to the February Revolution and a change in the state system.
A method for relaxing state constraints in nonsmooth optimal control problems
Authors: Dymkov Michael P. , Dymkou Siarhey M.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider the optimal control problem described by a system of ordinary differential equations in the presence of state constraints. Theoretical results are obtained concerning the approximation of this problem by a sequence of new optimal control problems with a modified right-hand side of the control system and no state constraints. The issues of the approximation of continuous control systems by their discrete versions are also discussed.
Classical solution of one problem of a perfectly inelastic impact on a long elastic semi-infinite bar with a linear elastic element at the end
Authors: Korzyuk Viktor I. , Rudzko Jan V.
Published: August 2022

In this article, we study the classical solution of the mixed problem in a quarter of a plane for a one-dimensional wave equation. This mixed problem models the propagation of displacement waves during a longitudinal impact on a bar, when the load remains in contact with the bar and the bar has a linear elastic element at the end. On the lower boundary, the Cauchy conditions are specified, and the second of them has a discontinuity of the first kind at one point. The boundary condition, including the unknown function and its first and second order partial derivatives, is set at the side boundary. The solution is built using the method of characteristics in an explicit analytical form. The uniqueness is proven and the conditions are established under which a piecewise-smooth solution exists. The problem with matching conditions is considered.
PENERAPAN PEMBINAAN KEMANDIRIAN DALAM PROGRAM INTEGRASI DI LAPAS KLAS IIA CIBINONG
Authors: Adisaputra Mochamad Naufal , Subroto Mitro
Published: August 2022

Lembaga pemasyarakatan berfungsi melalukan pembinaan untuk para warga binaan pemasyarakatan agar nantinya mereka dapat menjadi manusia yang memliki hak seutuhnya, menyadari semua kesalahannya, memperbaiki diri serta tidak mengulangi lagi apa yang telah mereka perbuat sehingga dapat diterima kembali di lingkungan masyarakat dan lingkunganya. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh Lembaga pemasyarakatan salah satunya adalah dengan pelaksanaan program pembinaan kemandirian narapidana dalam rangka agar mereka dapat berkembang dan memiliki kemampuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya sendiri setelah selesai menjalani masa hukuman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan pembinaan kemandirian dalam program integrasi pada Lapas Klas IIA Cibinong dan efektivitas dari penerapan program pembinaan kemandiriian narapidana. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan pendekatan kepada narapidana Lapas Klas IIA Cibinong. Salah satu program yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan keterampilan kerja. Sehingga penulis memberikan saran seperti diperlukan pengamatan oleh balai pemasyarakatan agar mengetahui apakah penerapan pembinaan yang dilakukan bermanfaat dan diperlukan program lainnya mengenai pembinaan kemandirian agar menambah keefektivitasan program pembinaan narapidana.
MÉTODO KYOKAI DE AQUECIMENTO E ALONGAMENTO
Authors:   UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, Pessoa Marcelo
Published: August 2022

The Kyokai method has been developed in the last two decades, based on technical studies on Eutony (an approach to somatic education in which the person accesses the wisdom that is proper to the body), compared to consecrated practices of warm-up / stretching performed in Yoga, Pilates and especially Martial Arts such as Kalaripayattu, Tai Chi Chuan, Qigong, Kung Fu, Karate, Judo, Jiu-Jitsu
EXPRESSÕES DO BABY BLUES E DA DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO
Authors:   UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, Pires Alexandra Alves , QUEIROZ Lara Virginia Souza ,   Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, MARQUES Maria Antonia Ferreira ,   Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, PESSOA Marcelo ,   Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal
Published: August 2022

Postpartum depression (or baby blues, in English) affects women who have just given birth to a fetus. From this event, an emotional discomfort is generated that, out of fear or guilt, establishes between the parturient and the child a relationship of conflict that can culminate in the elimination of the newborn. As a methodology for this study, we searched for publications on the subject, in physical and digital collections, in order to obtain information in the face of an evil that is so present in the daily lives of thousands of women. The objective of our work is to clarify information about this disease that affects women all over the world and, in this way, to bring information about treatments and diagnoses to the debate. This work is justified by the need to build a collection of information capable of helping women in this delicate moment of their existence. As a partial result of the research, we observed that, for some women who have already gone through this depressive phase, the physical and mental health condition tends to evolve into other diseases, with an expected duration of life.
Screen Now, Save Later? The Trade-Off between Administrative Ordeals and Fraud
Authors: Aman-Rana Shan , Gingerich Daniel , Sukhtankar Sandip
Published: August 2022

Screening requirements are common features of fraud and corruption mitigation efforts around the world. Yet imposing these requirements involves trade-offs between higher administrative costs, delayed benefits, and exclusion of genuine beneficiaries on one hand and lower fraud on the other. We examine these trade-offs in one of the largest economic relief programs in US history: The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Employing a database that includes nearly 11.5 million PPP loans, we assess the impact of screening by exploiting temporal variation in the documentation standards applied to loan applications for loans of different values. We find that screening significantly reduced the incidence and magnitude of various measures of loan irregularities that are indicative of fraud. Moreover, our analysis reveals that a subset of borrowers with a checkered history strategically reduced their loan application amounts in order to avoid being subjected to screening.
The effect of mandibular flexure on the design of implant-supported fixed restorations of different facial types under two loading conditions by three-dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Gao Jing , Li Xuejing , He Jing , Jiang Lulu , Zhao Baohong
Published: August 2022

Objective: Investigating the biomechanical effects of mandibular flexure (MF) on the design of implant-supported fixed restorations in edentulous jaws of different facial types.

Methods: Three-dimensional finite element models were established to analyze mandibular displacement and stress distribution of implant-supported fixed restorations (four or six implants, different implant numbers and sites, and the design of the superstructure across the dental arch in one or two or three pieces, under the loading conditions of maximum opening or right unilateral molar occlusion) in mandibular edentulous patients of three different facial types (brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial types).

Results: The brachyfacial type presented higher mandibular flexure and stress in the overall restorative system, followed by the mesofacial and dolichofacial types. During jaw opening and occlusal movements, the one-piece framework showed the lowest bone stress values surrounding the anterior implants and gradually increased to the distal position, and the three-piece framework showed the highest stress values for peri-implant bones. Also, the split framework could greatly increase the stress on abutments and frameworks. Moreover, fixed implant prostheses with cantilevers can generate high amounts of biomechanical stress and strain on implants and surrounding bones. The bone surrounding the anterior implant increased in stress values as the most distal implants were more distally located regardless of frameworks. The zirconia framework demonstrated higher stresses than the titanium framework.

Conclusion: The design of edentulous fixed implant-supported restorations can be optimized for facial types. For patients of the brachyfacial type or with high masticatory muscle strength, the non-segmented framework without a cantilever provides an optimal biomechanical environment.
The roles and applications of neural stem cells in spinal cord injury repair
Authors: Guo Wen , Zhang Xindan , Zhai Jiliang , Xue Jiajia
Published: August 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI), which has no current cure, places a severe burden on patients. Stem cell-based therapies are considered promising in attempts to repair injured spinal cords; such options include neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs are multipotent stem cells that differentiate into neuronal and neuroglial lineages. This feature makes NSCs suitable candidates for regenerating injured spinal cords. Many studies have revealed the therapeutic potential of NSCs. In this review, we discuss from an integrated view how NSCs can help SCI repair. We will discuss the sources and therapeutic potential of NSCs, as well as representative pre-clinical studies and clinical trials of NSC-based therapies for SCI repair.
Random genome reduction coupled with polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis to facilitate its accumulation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ma Shuai , Su Tianyuan , Liu Jinming , Wang Qian , Liang Quanfeng , Lu Xuemei , Qi Qingsheng
Published: August 2022

Genome reduction has been emerged as a powerful tool to construct ideal chassis for synthetic biology. Random genome reduction couple genomic deletion with growth and has the potential to construct optimum genome for a given environment. Recently, we developed a transposon-mediated random deletion (TMRD) method that allows the random and continuous reduction of Escherichia coli genome. Here, to prove its ability in constructing optimal cell factories, we coupled polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation with random genome reduction and proceeded to reduce the E. coli genome. Five mutants showed high biomass and PHB yields were selected from 18 candidates after ten rounds of genome reduction. And eight or nine genomic fragments (totally 230.1–270.0 Kb) were deleted in their genomes, encompassing 4.95%–5.82% of the parental MG1655 genome. Most mutants displayed better growth, glucose utilization, protein expression, and significant increase of electroporation efficiency compared with MG1655. The PHB content and concentration enhanced up to 13.3%–37.2% and 60.2%–102.9% when batch fermentation was performed in M9-glucose medium using the five mutants. Particularly, in mutant H16, lacking 5.28% of its genome, the increase of biomass and PHB concentration were more than 50% and 100% compared with MG1655, respectively. This work expands the strategy for creating streamlined chassis to improve the production of high value-added products.
A versatile “3M” methodology to obtain superhydrophobic PDMS-based materials for antifouling applications
Authors: He Zhoukun , Yang Xiaochen , Mu Linpeng , Wang Na , Lan Xiaorong
Published: August 2022

Fouling, including inorganic, organic, bio-, and composite fouling seriously affects our daily life. To reduce these effects, antifouling strategies including fouling resistance, release, and degrading, have been proposed. Superhydrophobicity, the most widely used characteristic for antifouling that relies on surface wettability, can provide surfaces with antifouling abilities owing to its fouling resistance and/or release effects. PDMS shows valuable and wide applications in many fields, and due to the inherent hydrophobicity, superhydrophobicity can be achieved simply by roughening the surface of pure PDMS or its composites. In this review, we propose a versatile “3M” methodology (materials, methods, and morphologies) to guide the fabrication of superhydrophobic PDMS-based materials for antifouling applications. Regarding materials, pure PDMS, PDMS with nanoparticles, and PDMS with other materials were introduced. The available methods are discussed based on the different materials. Materials based on PDMS with nanoparticles (zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional nanoparticles) are discussed systematically as typical examples with different morphologies. Carefully selected materials, methods, and morphologies were reviewed in this paper, which is expected to be a helpful reference for future research on superhydrophobic PDMS-based materials for antifouling applications.
Natural and nature based features for environmental enhancement and coastal storm risk management: a case study on Marco Island, Florida, United States
Authors: Dabees Mohamed A. , Fleming Matthew , Damon Marc
Published: August 2022

Natural and Nature-Based systems provide an opportunity for adaptive response to Coastal Storm Risk Management and Sea Level Rise. The Tigertail Lagoon/Sand Dollar Island Restoration on Marco Island, Florida, presents a case study designed to maintain and enhance an existing coastal barrier system consisting of a 3-km-long sand spit and tidal lagoon ecosystem that is otherwise evolving toward closure. The case study is part of a nature-based adaptive management plan to restore and stabilize the sandspit and tidal lagoon through cyclic use of sediment within the system. This approach seeks to preserve existing protective habitats and landforms that also serve as natural coastal barriers to protect upland development. Design of the restoration plan considers the functions of a wildlife nature preserve and evolution of complex tidal inlet morphologic features bordered by a heavily developed barrier Island. The design aims to restore and enhance a sandspit degraded by a sequence of storms since Major Hurricane Irma impacted Southwest Florida in 2017 and improve the existing deteriorated habitat by enhancing tidal exchange through restoration of the lagoon flow channel. Total wetland area will be increased by relocating the sand spit seaward of its present location to where it was located in approximately 2017. The reconstructed beach berm will provide enhanced resiliency to high frequency weather events. Sediment will be sourced from the existing sand spit and an innovative sand trap that will maintain the lagoon entrance open while providing beneficial re-use for excess sediment that continues to accumulate at the end of the spit. Components of the project were analyzed using existing engineering models and methods such as the Coastal Modeling System (CMS) and XBeach. Enhancing and preserving this barrier island feature and productive ecosystem provides an example of the enhanced coastal resiliency provided by natural and nature-based systems that are adaptable and responsive to sea level rise and ongoing coastal processes.
Transcriptional expression of m6A and m5C RNA methyltransferase genes in the brain and fat body of honey bee adult workers
Authors: Bataglia Luana , Simões Zilá Luz Paulino , Nunes Francis Morais Franco
Published: August 2022

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) adult workers change behaviors and nutrition according to age progression. Young workers, such as nurses, perform in-hive tasks and consume protein-rich pollen, while older workers (foragers) leave the colony to search for food, and consume carbohydrate-rich nectar. These environmentally stimulated events involve transcriptional and DNA epigenetic marks alterations in worker tissues. However, post-transcriptional RNA modifications (epitranscriptomics) are still poorly explored in bees. We investigated the transcriptional profiles of m6A and m5C RNA methyltransferases in the brain and fat body of adult workers of 1) different ages and performing different tasks [nurses of 8 days-old (N-8D) and foragers of 29 days-old (F-29D), sampled from wild-type colonies], and 2) same-aged young workers caged in an incubator and treated with a pollen-rich [PR] or a pollen-deprived [PD] diet for 8 days. In the brain, METTL3, DNMT2, NOP2, NSUN2, NSUN5, and NSUN7 genes increased expression during adulthood (from N-8D to F-29D), while the opposite pattern was observed in the fat body for METTL3, DNMT2, and NSUN2 genes. Regarding diet treatments, high expression levels were observed in the brains of the pollen-deprived group (DNMT2, NOP2, and NSUN2 genes) and the fat bodies of the pollen-rich group (NOP2, NSUN4, and NSUN5 genes) compared to the brains of the PR group and the fat bodies of the PD group, respectively. Our data indicate that RNA epigenetics may be an important regulatory layer in the development of adult workers, presenting tissue-specific signatures of RNA methyltransferases expression in response to age, behavior, and diet content.
ECM-transmitted shear stress induces apoptotic cell extrusion in early breast gland development
Authors: Friedland F. , Babu S. , Springer R. , Konrad J. , Herfs Y. , Gerlach S. , Gehlen J. , Krause H.-J. , De Laporte L. , Merkel R. , Noetzel E.
Published: August 2022

Epithelial cells of human breast glands are exposed to various mechanical ECM stresses that regulate tissue development and homeostasis. Mechanoadaptation of breast gland tissue to ECM-transmitted shear stress remained poorly investigated due to the lack of valid experimental approaches. Therefore, we created a magnetic shear strain device that enabled, for the first time, to analyze the instant shear strain response of human breast gland cells. MCF10A-derived breast acini with basement membranes (BM) of defined maturation state and basoapical polarization were used to resemble breast gland morphogenesis in vitro. The novel biophysical tool was used to apply cyclic shear strain with defined amplitudes (≤15%, 0.2 Hz) over 22 h on living spheroids embedded in an ultrasoft matrix (<60 Pa). We demonstrated that breast spheroids gain resistance to shear strain, which increased with BM maturation and basoapical polarization. Most intriguingly, poorly developed spheroids were prone to cyclic strain-induced extrusion of apoptotic cells from the spheroid body. In contrast, matured spheroids were insensitive to this mechanoresponse—indicating changing mechanosensing or mechanotransduction mechanisms during breast tissue morphogenesis. Together, we introduced a versatile tool to study cyclic shear stress responses of 3D cell culture models. It can be used to strain, in principle, all kinds of cell clusters, even those that grow only in ultrasoft hydrogels. We believe that this approach opens new doors to gain new insights into dynamic shear strain-induced mechanobiological regulation circuits between cells and their ECM.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-like receptor 2 inversely regulates somatic proteostasis and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kishner Mor , Habaz Libat , Meshnik Lana , Meidan Tomer Dvir , Polonsky Alexandra , Ben-Zvi Anat
Published: August 2022

The quality control machinery regulates the cellular proteome to ensure proper protein homeostasis (proteostasis). In Caenorhabditis elegans, quality control networks are downregulated cell-nonautonomously by the gonadal longevity pathway or metabolic signaling at the onset of reproduction. However, how signals are mediated between the gonad and the somatic tissues is not known. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-like signaling functions in the interplay between development and reproduction and have conserved roles in regulating reproduction, metabolism, and stress. We, therefore, asked whether GnRH-like signaling is involved in proteostasis collapse at the onset of reproduction. Here, we examine whether C. elegans orthologues of GnRH receptors modulate heat shock survival. We find that gnrr-2 is required for proteostasis remodeling in different somatic tissues during the transition to adulthood. We show that gnrr-2 likely functions in neurons downstream of the gonad in the gonadal-longevity pathway and modulate the somatic regulation of transcription factors HSF-1, DAF-16, and PQM-1. In parallel, gnrr-2 modulates egg-laying rates, vitellogenin production, and thus reproductive capacity. Taken together, our data suggest that gnrr-2 plays a GnRH-associated role, mediating the cross-talk between the reproduction system and the soma in the decision to commit to reproduction.
The phenotype of the gut region is more stably retained than developmental stage in piglet intestinal organoids
Authors: Mussard Eloïse , Lencina Corinne , Gallo Lise , Barilly Céline , Poli Maryse , Feve Katia , Albin Mikael , Cauquil Laurent , Knudsen Christelle , Achard Caroline , Devailly Guillaume , Soler Laura , Combes Sylvie , Beaumont Martin
Published: August 2022

Intestinal organoids are innovative in vitro tools to study the digestive epithelium. The objective of this study was to generate jejunum and colon organoids from suckling and weaned piglets in order to determine the extent to which organoids retain a location-specific and a developmental stage-specific phenotype. Organoids were studied at three time points by gene expression profiling for comparison with the transcriptomic patterns observed in crypts in vivo. In addition, the gut microbiota and the metabolome were analyzed to characterize the luminal environment of epithelial cells at the origin of organoids. The location-specific expression of 60 genes differentially expressed between jejunum and colon crypts from suckling piglets was partially retained (48%) in the derived organoids at all time point. The regional expression of these genes was independent of luminal signals since the major differences in microbiota and metabolome observed in vivo between the jejunum and the colon were not reproduced in vitro. In contrast, the regional expression of other genes was erased in organoids. Moreover, the developmental stage-specific expression of 30 genes differentially expressed between the jejunum crypts of suckling and weaned piglets was not stably retained in the derived organoids. Differentiation of organoids was necessary to observe the regional expression of certain genes while it was not sufficient to reproduce developmental stage-specific expression patterns. In conclusion, piglet intestinal organoids retained a location-specific phenotype while the characteristics of developmental stage were erased in vitro. Reproducing more closely the luminal environment might help to increase the physiological relevance of intestinal organoids.
10−7 M genistein partially alleviates 10−7 M MEHP unfavorable effects in a new modified fetal rat testis culture system
Authors: Zhang Tong-Dian , Ma Yu-Bo , Gao Ming , Li He-Cheng , Wang Zi-Ming , Chong Tie , Zhang Lian-Dong
Published: August 2022

Background: Recent studies revealed that some common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) including phthalates and phytoestrogens may exhibit low-dose effects properties. However, how low dose of these EDCs and their mixture would affect fetal rat testis development still needs further investigation. Moreover, testis organ culture system also needs further modification to provide an effective tool for ex vivo EDCs study.

Methods: We firstly modified the agarose organ culture system, in which fetal rat testes were cultured for 4 days (d1 to d4) on agarose gels held by Millicell inserts. Then we used the modified agarose culture system to study the combined effects of multiple EDCs exposure. 15.5 dpc fetal rat testes were isolated and treated with vehicle, MEHP (0.1 μmol/L), GEN (0.1 μmol/L) or MEHP (0.1 μmol/L) + GEN (0.1 μmol/L). Parameters concerning testicular cell development and function were evaluated, trying to gain insight into the early molecular events after multiple EDCs exposure.

Results: The development of somatic, germ cells and seminiferous tubule in 15.5 dpc fetal rat testis was better sustained in the modified agarose culture system. Based on the modified system, we found that MEHP at 0.1 μmol/L induced alterations in gonocyte markers, antioxidative enzyme activity as well as transient reduction of testosterone production, accompanied by mitochondria swelling in gonocytes and Sertoli cells. No obvious morphological and histological alterations were observed in all treated groups. However, coadministration of genistein at 0.1 μmol/L partially alleviated MEHP-induced fetal testis damage ex vivo through enhancement of antioxidative action. MEHP at low dose still showed weak endocrine disrupting properties but did not exhibit typical low-dose effects.

Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the modified agarose culture system could better mimic testicular microenvironment without obvious hypoxic cell damage. Furthermore, low dose of MEHP induced mild disruption to fetal testis development, cotreatment of genistein at low dose attenuated MEHP induced fetal testis injuries in part by balancing redox state, indicating that low dose of genistein may partially protect fetal testis from phthalates induced injury.