bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Rigid Gas Permeable and Toric Soft Lens for Correcting Astigmatism
Authors: Yunard Ardiella , Rahayu Tri
Published: January 2024

Background: To compare visual acuity correction of astigmatism and comfort between toric softcontact lens and rigid gas permeable. Thus, ophthalmologists will less reluctantly propose contactlenses for the patients with astigmatism, and maximize the potential advantages of contact lenses forthe wearer.Methods: Literature review of all prospective and retrospective studies which reported managementof astigmatism with rigid gas permeable of toric soft contact lenses. The articles were divided intocharacteristics and outcomes. Outcomes reviewd were visual acuity, lens fit characteristics, cornealstaining, and subjective problems.Results: Lens corrected visual acuity by toric soft lens showed variation, which 3 studies reported afew amount of visual loss from spectacles corrected. Meanwhile other studies reported better toric softlens corrected visual acuity than spectacles. In RGP group, four studies reported better or the samevisual acuity with spectacles, and only one study showed a few amount of visual loss. Visual clarityand poor comfort were the most frequent subjective problems in toric soft lens group. Meanwhile,dryness and poor comfort were the most frequent subjective problems in RGP group.Conclusion: RGP is superior than toric soft lens in correcting astigmatism. Meanwhile, toric soft lensprovides quick adaptation and comfort.Â Keywords: astigmatism, rigid gas permeable, toric soft lens
The Effect of Zinc Distribution for New TB Patients who Have Ethambutol Therapy Toward Visual Field Defect
Authors: Daniati Neni , Kusdiantoro Kusdiantoro , Wulandari Laksmi , Mauthia Nina , Agustini Lukisiari
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculosis is an infection disease that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ethambutol therapy for TB patients can cause side effect such as decreased visual acuity, visual field defect, decreased contrast sensitivity, and disturbance of colour detection. Zinc in TB patients has decreased that causes broken cell on retina ganglion and disturbance of mytochondria function. The aim of this study is the effect of zinc supplementation for new TB patients who have ethambutol therapy toward visual field defect.Methods: This study involved 40 new TB patients who have ethambutol therapy which is classified as 20 patients who have ethambutol therapy with zinc supplementation and 20 patients who have ethambutol therapy without zinc supplementation. Each patient underwent a routine examination including visual acuity using Snellen chart which is converted to LogMAR, anterior segment using slit lamp biomicroscope, non-contact tonometry for intraocular pressure examination, posterior segment using direct ophthalmoscope, and Humphrey perimetry for visual field examination which is performed three times on first time when initial patient came, first month, and second month duration.Results: This study showed no correlation between gender with visual field defect (p=0,554), there is no correlation between age with visual field defect (p=0,418), no correlation between smoking behaviour with visual field defect (p=1), no correlation between amount of meals consumption containing Zn with visual field defect (p=0,608), and also no correlation between systematic illness history with visual field defect (p=0,305). The effect of Zn treatment to visual field defect was significant with p=0,0085. Conclusion: Zinc treatment for new TB patients with ethambutol treatment may prevent visual field defect. Â Keywords: ethambutol, new TB patients, zinc, visual field defect
Outcomes and Complications of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation at Dr. Yap Eye Hospital
Authors: Reswari Widya A , Wardhani Sri , Jati Krisna D P , Arsianti Erin , Gani Tatang Talka , Ekantini Retno
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Objectives: Glaucoma drainage device is widely used in glaucoma surgery. Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implant is one of the most used glaucoma drainages with a low incidence of complication. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and complication of Ahmed Glaucoma valve implantation in patients with refractory glaucoma at Dr Yap Eye Hospital

Methods: Medical records of 30 patients (30 eyes) who had AGV implant surgery at Dr Yap Eye Hospital from January 2014 to October 2016 were reviewed. Pre-operative data include age, gender, eye laterality, type of glaucoma, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure and. The IOP, visual acuity (VA), and complications were measured at day 2, day 7, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The postoperative complications were documented.

Results: The mean IOP at baseline was 45.78 Â± 13.04 mmHg, decreased after the operation to 14.41 Â± 9.86 mmHg at day- 2 and 17.6 Â± 14.6 mmHg at 6 months follow up. The mean initial VA was 2.47 Â± 0.56 and unchanged 2.4 Â± 0.74, at last, follow up. Early postoperative complications (0-3mos) were flat anterior chamber (4 eyes, 13%), hyphema (4 eyes, 13%), and tube exposure (4 eyes, 13%). The late postoperative complication (after 3 mos) was tube exposure (1 eye, 3%), bullous keratopathy (1 eye, 3.3%), and dislocation of the implant (1 eye, 3.3%). The rang of tube exposure onset was 49-235 days (mean 99.5 Â± 90.54 days) after implantation. Flat anterior chamber and hyphema could be successfully managed conservatively while tube exposure needed surgical repair. Three cases of tube exposure required explantation. Endophthalmitis was detected in one case of tube exposure.

Conclusion: AGV implantation appears to be a safe and effective surgical option in patients with refractory glaucoma.
The Comparison of Transepithelial versus Conventional Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Salfasari Puspita , Suhardjo  , Mahayana Indra Tri
Published: January 2024

Introduction : Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is the first choice in treating myopia for eyes with mildly irregular and/or thin corneas because it preserves corneal integrity. A laser-assisted method for epithelial removal, termed Transepithelial PRK (T-PRK), was introduced as an alternative to conventional PRK, which gives a smoother corneal surface than that achieved with mechanical ablation of the epithelium in conventional PRK.
Objective: To compare emmetropization between patients treated with T-PRK and conventional PRK.
Methods: This study was an observative comparative analytic study with case-control study design. Myopic eyes treated by T-PRK (study group) were compared with variable-adjusted eyes treated by conventional PRK (control group), from year 2015-2018 at Dr.YAP Eye Hospital Yogyakarta. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the degree on myopia; mild (spherical minus 0-3D), moderate (4-6D), and severe (>7D). Emmetropization within 1 month follow-up and treatment time were analyzed.
Results: In all of the cases reviewed, the total percentage of patients treated with T-PRK who reached emmetropization within 1 month follow-up was 21.51% (17/79 eyes), with 33.34% (9/27 eyes) in mild, 28.57% (6/21 eyes) in moderate, and 6.45% (2/31 eyes) in severe myopia group; compared to the control group which was 22.78% (18/79 eyes) (p=0.848), with 48.14% (13/27 eyes) in mild, 15% (3/20 eyes) in moderate, and 6.25% (2/32 eyes) in severe myopia group. Treatment time in the study group was relatively faster compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The study group showed slightly better result in treating moderate myopia within 1 month follow-up. Treatment time was relatively faster compared to the control group.
CLINICAL FINDINGS AND MANAGEMENT OF ANGLE RECESSION GLAUCOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Madona Debora  , Rifada Maulida , Prahasta Andika , Gustianty Elsa
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Angle recession is a common finding after blunt trauma and involves a tear between the longitudinal and circular fibers of ciliary body. The incidence of angle recession was 24.3%. It may occur months to years after ocular trauma.
Purpose: To report clinical findings and management of a patient with angle recession glaucoma.
Case report: A 51 years old female came with chief complaint of blurry vision of left eye since five months earlier. There was a history of trauma in left eye 26 years ago. She had been treated with antiglaucoma medication by an ophthalmologist. Visual acuity of right eye was 1.0 and left eye was light perception. Applanation Tonometer Goldmann of left eye was 42 mmHg. Slit lamp examination revealed traumatic iritis and lens opacity. Gonioscopy revealed widening of ciliary body band in three quadrants. Funduscopy showed cup/disc ratio enlargement and RNFL thinning. This patient was diagnosed as angle recession glaucoma with traumatic iritis and traumatic cataract. Combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy with intraocular lens implantation was performed. One month after surgery, intraocular pressure decreased with improvement of visual acuity.
Conclusion: Classically clinical findings of angle recession glaucoma were unilateral glaucoma with history of trauma and widening of ciliary body band. Surgery is needed in uncontrolled intraocular pressure with medication. Combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy decreases intraocular pressure as well as improves visual acuity.
COMPARISON OF SECONDARY AC-IOL IMPLANTATION ON APHAKIA PATIENTS WITHOUT CAPSULAR SUPPORT AFTER PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY VERSUS COMPLICATED CATARACT SURGERY
Authors: Reswari Widya Ardhana , Olda Prili , Arsianti Erin , Manueke Elisa , Supanji Supanji
Published: January 2024

Introduction and objectiv: Capsular support is often absent in cases of aphakia secondary to ocular trauma or previous complicated intraocular surgery. This study aims to compare the short-term efficacy and safety of secondary AC IOL implantation for aphakia patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and complicated cataract surgery
 
Method: Retrospective, comparative, case series of 72 aphakic eyes without capsular support after pars plana vitrectomy (Group 1 =37 eyes) and complicated cataract surgery (Group 2=35 eyes) who underwent secondary AC-IOL implantation (Iris Claw and Anterior Chamber) in Yap Eye Hospital and Air Force Central Hospital Hardjolukito. Basic characteristics such as age, sex, laterality, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness, endothelial count, axial length, anterior chamber depth and keratometry were recorded
 
Results: There were no statistically differences at baseline characteristics between the two groups. Despite the proportion difference of lens type used in both group (p=0.04), the mean visual acuity outcome at day 1 and month 3 were found similar. However, on day 7 and month 1 the difference of postoperative visual acuity showed a trend. The difference of postoperative mean IOP was also not significant at day 1, month 1 and month 3, but showed a trend in day 7 (p=0.06). The proportion of complication cases were found different in both group (p=0.01), with secondary glaucoma was found highest (18%).
 
Conclusion: The outcomes of secondary anterior chamber IOL implantation after pars plana vitrectomy and complicated cataract surgery were found similar, although there was a significant difference in the proportion of complication in both groups
Efek Penambahan Natrium Diklofenak Topikal pada Terapi Injeksi Intravitreal Bevacizumab terhadap Perubahan Visus dan Tekanan Intraokular Pasien dengan Edema Makula Diabetika
Authors: Supanji Supanji , Ramania Widya , Sandra Melvina Nidya , Agni Angela Nurini , Suhardjo Suhardjo , Ekantini Retno , Sasongko Muhammad Bayu
Published: January 2024

Introduction dan Aim: Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) in Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) patients might threaten the patient's visual acuity. Therefore, a robust DME treatment is needed to prevent sight threatening condition in DR patients. In this study, we intended to compare the effects of intravitreal administration of bevacizumab versus bevacizumab and topical natrium diclofenac in DR patients who developed DME.
Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study with double blinds. Data were taken from April 2020 to June 2021 from the Dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital and the Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Indonesian Air Force Central Hospital, Yogyakarta. Our patients were assigned to a control group (intravitreal bevacizumab therapy only) and an intervention group (intravitreal bevacizumab and topical natrium diclofenac). Then, we evaluated best corrected visual acuity (LogMar) and intraocular pressure (IOP, mmHg) were recorded in both groups before and after therapy.
Results: A total of 38 eyes from 36 patients with naive DME were included in this study. Both treatment groups showed a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity after treatment bevacizumab (pre = 0.8±0.5; post = 0.6±0.5; p-value = 0.033) and bevacizumab and natrium diclofenac (pre = 0.9±0.5; post = 0.5±0.3; p-value = 0.004). In contrast to the above findings, the IOP in both groups did not show a significant change in IOP after therapy, bevacizumab (pre = 15.7±4.1; post = 15.6±4.2; p-value = 0.810) and bevacizumab and natrium diclofenac (pre = 16.0±4.5; post = 16.0±3.9; p-value = 0.868).
Conclusion: Our study showed that visual acuity was improved significantly in DME patients treated with either bevacizumab or bevacizumab and natrium diclofenac. This might be a valuable information on the improvement of DME therapy, given that no increased post-therapy IOP in patients treated topical natrium diclofenac.
The VARIATION OF THE AXIAL LOCATION OF BRUCH’S MEMBRANE OPENING, GANGLION CELL INNER PLEXIFORM LAYER AND FLUX INDEX IN NORMAL TENSION GLAUCOMA AND PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA PATIENTS
Authors: Jehan Jehan Fauzi , Ekantini Retno , Gani Tatang Talka , Jati Krisna Dwi Purnomo
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) at the most anterior point of the neural canal for quantification of cup depth /based on retinal surface position, area and volume, laminar position, and prelaminar connective tissue volume. If these deep structural parameters are to be used effectively in glaucoma detection and identification of progression.
Purpose. This study explores variation in the axial location of Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) to determine if this reference plane varies with NTG and POAG patients.
Methods This was a cross-sectional prospective descriptive study with purposive sampling. This study enrolled 72 eyes in Sardjito General Hospital  underwent  cirrus – OCT 5000 Ver 11.0.0.29946  between 1st March 2022 and 10th May 2022.
Results. We evaluated 72 (25 NTG and 47 POAG)  eyes on 37 outpatients service of Sardjito General Hospital. Median BMO, GCIPL, Flux index and CD ratio of NTG patients was 1.707 µm (1.387-2.182), 83,0µm (76-88), 0,40 (0.27-0,48), 0,64 (0,22-0,75). Median BMO, GCIPL, Flux index  and CD ratio of POAG patients was 1.612 (1.028-2.031) µm, 79,00 (56-98) µm, 0,40 (0,26-0,47) and 0,64 (0,28-0,92) for CDR. Bruch’s membrane opening position was more posterior relative to the sclera in older subjects with negative correlation (P value = 0,07). Variable BMO and GCIPL tested between NTG and POAG group showed significant difference with BMO P value =0,04 and GCIPL P value=0,01 except Perfusion, flux index and RNFL.
Conclusion. Bruch’s membrane opening is more posteriorly located in older individuals. There was significant difference p value of BMO between the mean of NTG and POAG.
Perancangan Antar Muka Sistem Monitoring Pencapaian Indikator Kinerja Utama Di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Monalisa  , Paturusi Sary D. E. , Sambul Alwin M.
Published: January 2024

Sistem monitoring Indikator Kinerja Utama di Universitas Sam Ratulangi memiliki kekurangan, yaitu dalam menampilkan ketercapaian IKU membutuhkan waktu yang lama karena melakukan pengambilan data dari beberapa database disaat yang bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem monitoring pencapaian Indikator Kinerja Utama di Universitas Sam Ratulangi menggunakan platform Looker Studio sebagai alat visualisasi data. Sistem ini dirancang untuk membantu Perguruan Tinggi dalam memantau dan mengukur pencapaian target yang telah ditetapkan. Sistem monitoring ini dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan fitur yang disediakan oleh Looker Studio. Data yang digunakan antara lain data mahasiswa, dosen, dan aktivitas akademik. Kemudian data ini diolah, dihubungkan pada Looker Studio kemudian divisualisasikan dalam bentuk grafik, tabel, dan dashboard interaktif. Dengan adanya pengembangan ini, diharapkan dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan kualitas sistem monitoring indikator kinerja utama.
The Augmented Reality Application for Waruga Cultural Heritage Recognition
Authors: Angouw Meilani Rosinta Emma , Lantang Oktavian , Tulenan Virginia
Published: January 2024

Abstract  —  Waruga is one of the cultural heritages which is the ancestral tomb of the Minahasa tribe which is made of sedimentary rock called tufa, the local language is called apela/domato. The lack of easily accessible information and the lack of interest in the information presented has resulted in a decrease in interest in getting to know the waruga cultural heritage. Augmented reality technology offers great potential in enriching the user experience and facilitating understanding of waruga. This study uses the image target tracking method so that target detection is based on images. For the development method using the multimedia development life cycle which has 6 stages and produces an application augmented reality introduction to the waruga cultural heritage which includes 13 markers and 12 3D objects. Based on the test results involving 31 respondents in a questionnaire with 10 questions regarding understanding of waruga cultural heritage, the average answer was 94.19 out of 100 points with a range of 70-100 points. By employing augmented reality technology, we can develop an application for recognizing the cultural heritage of Waruga.
Key words— Augmented reality, Cultural Heritage, Image target, Waruga
 
Abstrak — Waruga adalah salah satu cagar budaya yang merupakan makam leluhur suku Minahasa yang terbuat dari batuan sedimen yang bernama tufa, bahasa daerahnya disebut apela/domato. Kurangnya informasi yang mudah diakses serta kurang menariknya informasi yang disajikan menyebabkan menurunnya minat untuk mengenal cagar budaya waruga. Teknologi augmented reality menawarkan potensi yang besar dalam memperkaya pengalaman pengguna dan memfasilitasi pemahaman tentang waruga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pelacakan image target sehingga pendeteksian target berdasarkan gambar. Untuk metode pengembangan menggunakan multimedia development life cycle yang memiliki 6 tahap dan menghasilkan aplikasi augmented reality pengenalan cagar budaya waruga yang meliputi 13 marker dan 12 objek 3D. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang melibatkan 31 responden pada kusioner dengan 10 pertanyaan mengenai pemahaman tentang cagar budaya waruga, didapatkan rata-rata jawaban 94,19 dari 100 poin dengan rentang 70-100 poin. Sehingga dengan menerapkan teknologi augmented reality didapatkan suatu aplikasi pengenalan cagar budaya waruga.
Kata kunci — Augmented reality, Cagar Budaya, Image target, Waruga
Desain Sistem Kendali Listrik Jarak Jauh Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Manoppo Franky , Sumendap Andreas , Simbolon Rosdiana , Laloan Tony , Aktama Gede Erik , Siregar Riyando Assire , Putro Muhamad Dwisnanto
Published: January 2024

Abstract — Designing a remote control can enable users without directly visiting the system. Controlling the source of electricity impacts increasing the efficiency of a system's performance and leads to monitoring and analyzing savings. Internet of Things network design is proposed in this research to control electrical equipment from an electrical panel source. The connection system between the Wemos D1 microcontroller and the designed Website can turn on and off the power lines on different building floors through a website information system. This study also describes the working system of data transmission between the Wemos D1 microcontroller and the Website by proposing a two-position control system design, namely on/off, based on the method of Observation, Interview, and Literature study. This study offers a prototype with C programming language as a Wemos D1 microcontroller design and information system simulation with HTML, CSS, Javascript, Node.js, and MongoDB as a Website design. The result is a two-position control system prototype that can operate properly to turn on and off the power lines on the 3rd and 4th floors, thereby increasing efficiency in terms of time and energy.
Key words— Control System, Internet of Things, Two Positions, Wemos D1, Website
 
Abstrak — Perancangan sebuah kendali jarak jauh dapat memudahkan penggunanya tanpa mengunjungi secara langsung sistem tersebut. Pengendalian sumber listrik berdampak untuk peningkatan efesiensi kinerja sebuah sistem serta bermuara pada sebuah monitoring dan analisa penghematan. Sebuah desain jaringan internet of things diusulkan pada penelitian ini untuk mengendalikan peralatan listrik dari sebuah sumber panel listrik. Sistem koneksi antara mikrokontroler Wemos D1 dan Website yang dirancang dapat menghidupkan dan mematikan jalur listrik pada lantai bangunan yang berbeda melalui sebuah sistem informasi website. Studi ini juga memamparkan sistem kerja transmisi data antara mikrokontroler Wemos
D1 dan Website dengan mengusulkan sebuah perancangan sistem kontrol dua posisi yaitu on/off berdasarkan metode Observasi, Wawancara and Studi pustaka. Studi ini menawarkan sebuah prototipe dengan bahasa pemrograman C sebagai perancangan mikrokontroler Wemos D1 dan simulasi system informasi dengan HTML, CSS, Javascript, Node.js, MongoDB sebagai perancangan pada Website. Hasilnya adalah sebuah prototipe sistem kontrol dua posisi yang dapat beroperasi dengan baik untuk menghidupkan dan mematikan jalur listrik di lantai 3 dan 4, dengan demikian dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam hal waktu dan juga tenaga.
Kata kunci — Sistem Kontrol, Internet of Things, Dua Posisi, Wemos D1, Website.
Virtual Reality Wisata Pesisir Pantai Timur Kabupaten Minahasa
Authors: Rantung Clayf , Tuturoong Nancy , Robot Jimmy
Published: January 2024

Abstract — The tourism sector has been skyrocketing thanks to the information technology that keeps innovating. With blazing speed and widely available internet connection, a tourist nowadays can easily decide where they will spend their time on holiday. The Minahasa East Coast has been very popular with the people of North Sulawesi because of the white sand beaches. Unfortunately, the North Sulawesi has not been actively promoting the tourism section. This research aims to design and build a tourism application to highlight the tourism potentials that span across the Minahasa East Coast. The virtual reality application “Explore: Tondano Pante” has been successfully developed with the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method that consists of Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing and Distribution.

 

Key words— Tourism; Virtual Reality; Virtual Tour; Pano2VR; Photogrammetry

 

Abstrak — Sektor pariwisata akhir-akhir ini berkembang dengan pesat berkat kemajuan teknologi informasi yang terus memberikan inovasi tanpa henti. Dengan akses internet yang tersedia secara luas saat ini para wisatawan akan sangat mudah untuk memutuskan dimana mereka akan menghabiskan waktu untuk berlibur. Pantai timur Minahasa sendiri sudah cukup dikenal oleh masyarakat Sulawesi Utara karena keindahan pasir putihnya, namun sayangnya upaya dari pemerintah untuk mempromosikan pariwisata di bagian pantai timur Minahasa masih sangat minim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah aplikasi wisata yang bertujuan untuk meng-highlight potensi-potensi pariwisata yang ada di pesisir pantai timur Minahasa. Aplikasi Virtual Reality Wisata Pesisir Pantai Timur Kabupaten Minahasa “Explore: Tondano Pante” kemudian telah berhasil dikembangkan menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) yang terdiri dari 6 tahapan, yaitu Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing dan Distribution.  

   

 

Kata kunci — Pariwisata; Virtual Reality; Virtual Tour; Pano2VR; Photogrammetry
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI ULTRAVIOLET EKSTRAK TERIPANG Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra SERTA Synapta maculata DARI PANTAI TONGKAINA KECAMATAN BUNAKEN KOTA MANADO
Authors: Lalawi Rian S. , Angkouw Esther D. , Mangindaan Remy E.P. , Bara Robert , Rumengan Inneke F. , Lumuindong Frans
Published: January 2024

Anti-UV compounds are compounds used for making sunscreen or sunscreen/sunblock that can absorb sunlight. Several classes of antioxidant active compounds such as cinnamates, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, and others have been studied to have the ability to protect the skin from UV rays. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-UV substance of extracts of three types of sea cucumbers H. atra, H. scabra and                                     S. maculata. This test was conducted using spectrophotometric analysis method using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer is a tool used to measure energy relatively if the energy is transmitted, reflected or emitted as a function of wavelength. The results of the anti-UV activity test showed that the three sea cucumbers were able to absorb UV A at 320-400 nm. From this study it can be concluded that sea cucumbers have the potential as anti-UV. It is suggested that it can be further researched with the purification stage.

 Keywords: Sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Synapta maculata, anti-UV

 

 

ABSTRAK

Senyawa anti UV adalah senyawa yang dipakai untuk bahan pembuatan tabir surya atau sunscreen/sunblock yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap sinar matahari. Adapun beberapa golongan senyawa aktif antioksidan seperti sinamat, flavonoid, tanin, kuinon, dan lain-lain telah diteliti memiliki kemampuan untuk melindungi kulit dari sinar UV.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan substansi anti UV ekstrak ketiga jenis teripang H. atra, H. scabra dan S. maculata. Pengujian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis spektrofotometri dengan memakai alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Spektrofotometer adalah alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur energi secara relatif jika energi tersebut ditransmisikan, direfleksikan atau diemisikan sebagai fungsi dari panjang gelombang. Hasil penelitian uji aktivitas anti UV menunjukan bahwa ketiga teripang mampu menyerap UV A pada 320-400 nm. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa teripang laut berpotensi sebagai anti-UV. Disarankan agar dapat diteliti lebih lanjut dangan tahap pemurnian.

Kata kunci : Teripang laut, Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Synapta maculata, anti-UV
PERSEPSI STAKEHOLDER TERHADAP KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI DALAM MEMBANGUN TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Zainal Andi Syaiful , Riston G. Ahmad  , Dian Arwulan  , Musridwan  , Mulyawan
Published: January 2024

This research focuses on stakeholder perceptions of information transparency, the aim is to contribute to the development of effective governance. The main problem is the low transparency of information which hinders the development of participatory governance in Kendari. This study aims to analyze stakeholder perceptions, formulate strategies to increase transparency, and measure the impact of implementing these strategies. The literature review involves the concepts of governance, information transparency, and stakeholder perceptions. Variables include information access, trust, and stakeholder participation. Qualitative methods with interviews, observations and FGDs are used, supported by the analysis of official documents. This research fills in a gaping body of literature on stakeholder perceptions at the local level, providing insight into the dynamics of local information transparency. Data analysis uncovered positive impacts, including improved accountability, participation, and decision quality. Challenges involve budget constraints and community understanding. Recommendations involve increased community understanding, evaluation of administrative barriers, and adequate budget allocation. These conclusions provide a clear picture, highlight challenges, and offer direction for future improvements regarding information transparency and governance in Kendari.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN NEGARA PADA KANWIL DITJEN PERBENDAHARAAN PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Aminuddin  , Akhyar Abdullah  , Clara Nella
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the application of management information systems in state financial management and financial management at the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Treasury of Southeast Sulawesi Province. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive research types. Data analysis techniques in this study are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the integrated system in the SAKTI application has an impact on saving time for the financial management process. The SAKTI application also has a high level of security because it uses One Time Password (OTP). Although the SAKTI application is still classified as a new application, its application is very effective and optimal and facilitates the financial management process. Financial management at the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Treasury of Southeast Sulawesi Province is very efficient and the SAKTI application is used for all management processes ranging from planning, recording to accountability.
Effects of proton implantation for expansion of basal plane dislocations in SiC toward suppression of bipolar degradation: review and perspective
Authors: Kato Masashi , Harada Shunta , Sakane Hitoshi
Published: January 2024

Silicon carbide (SiC) is widely used in power semiconductor devices; however, basal plane dislocations (BPDs) degrade device performance, through a mechanism called bipolar degradation. Recently, we proposed that proton implantation could suppress BPD expansion by reducing BPD mobility. We considered three potential mechanisms: the hydrogen presence around BPDs, point defects induced by implantation, and carrier lifetime reduction. In this study, we discuss the mechanisms of proton implantation and its applicability to SiC power device production.
Study on dopant activation and EOT impact in HKMG stacks using microwave annealing with different frequencies
Authors: Divya Pandi , Chen Shih Syun , Lee Wen Hsi , Wang Y. L.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we have examined the dopant activation levels in various materials (Si, SiGe, and Ge) annealed using two different microwave annealing (MWA) frequencies, 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz, with rapid thermal annealing serving as a comparative counterpart. The aim is to identify a material-specific annealing method that minimizes the high thermal budget typically required in the annealing process. For the dopant activation of Si wafer with B doping, there are two different frequencies (2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz) MWA methods were compared. As the results of electrical measurement, the high activation level by 5.8 GHz MWA shows the material-targeted annealing method to reduce the thermal budget of the device. Additionally, we fabricated a high-k/metal gate (HKMG) MOSCAP structure, which was annealed using 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz MWA as part of the post-metallization annealing process. The results show that MWA at 2.45 GHz is more efficient than HF 5.8 GHz MWA at 3000 W in minimizing the interface trapped charge and the reduction in leakage current density. The highest capacitance (1.73 μF cm−2) was observed for MWA 2700 W at 2.45 GHz. However, there is a slight clear reduction in capacitance as the frequency increased to 5.8 GHz increasing in interfacial layer thickness. The post-metallization annealing of gate-last MOSCAPs using MWA at 2.45 GHz not only inhibits the growth of the equivalent oxide thickness and Al diffusion but also preserves the effects of pre-thermal annealing on doping activation at 5.8 GHz. Due to undesirable effects such as Al diffusion into the dielectric layer, the MWA at 5.8 GHz and 2.45 GHz demonstrates great a potential candidate, respectively as doping activation and as a post-metallization annealing method for HKMG structures.
CAMPUR KODE BAHASA IBU TERHADAP PERCAKAPAN BAHASA ARAB PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL IMAN
Authors: Sani Nurhikmah , Nurazim Okitra Asri , Rahmatan Madah , Alvio JH Depaty , Pratama Ridho
Published: January 2024

In Pondok pesantren Darul Iman, students are required to communicate using the Arabic language, so researchers are interested in examining whether in Pondok pesantren Darul Iman, there is a mix of Arabic and mother tongue code which is the language they learned from birth, as well as to determine the factors and forms of mixed language code in conversation at pesantren Darul Iman, the method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study showed that there is a mix of codes that occurs in the conversation of Islamic boarding school students. Darul Iman is divided into three formations, namely: (1) mix the code of Indonesian to Arabic, (2) mix the code of regional languages to Arabic. This study found the type of outer code mixing in the form of insertion and congruent lexicalization. The factors that cause language mixing in the conversation of students at Pondok pesantren Darul Iman are: (1) limitations in vocabulary, (2) background of speakers, (3) mixing codes occurs due to the situation, (4) speech partners with the same background, (5) speakers do not find the right word equivalent, (6) clarification and refinement of requests, (7) the habit of interacting using regional languages.
Investigation of the bactericidal-inhibitory property of the reagent in laboratory conditions
Authors: Gurbanov Guseyn , Gasimzade Aysel
Published: January 2024

The corrosion protection capability of reagent C-1 with bactericidal-inhibitory properties was studied in laboratory conditions in neutral, acidic and alkaline mediums and the concentration of the reagent was in the range of 10-25 mg/l. Desulfomicrobium and desulfovibrio desulfuricans strains of sulphate-reducing bacteria extracted from formation water of oil well no. 1802 of Bibiheybatneft OGPD, SOCAR field were used as the research object. For comparison, reagent free and reagent-based mediums were used in the research process. In laboratory conditions, the effect of reagent C-1 on the incubation period of sulfate-reducing bacteria was investigated for fifteen days in postgate-“B” nutrient medium. It was determined that having a bactericidal property, reagent C-1 affects the life activity of bacteria significantly. It was revealed that the highest bactericidal effect occurs at a concentration of 25 mg/l of reagent C-1 and the effect of corrosion protection from bacteria is 85%.
Semiotic Analysis of Memes Insulting Others on Facebook
Authors: Putriayunda Putriayunda , Aditiawarman Mac
Published: January 2024

This research is entitled semiotic analysis of memes insulting others on Facebook. The semiotic study aims to explain the signs as well as to know the meanings of dark joke memes on Facebook social media. The theory used in this study is Peirce's theory, namely by using the triadic model. The method used in this study is by using a qualitative descriptive method. The data analysis method uses the second data, namely the uploaded image and the researcher selects it by taking a screenshot and then interpreting. Data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and note-taking techniques. Peirce's semiotic analysis is an analytical technique that researchers use to find out the signs and meanings of dark joke meme images on Facebook social media, namely the triadic model consisting of representamen, object and interpretant. The results of this study, namely being able to find out the signs and meanings that exist in writing and images of dark joke memes on Facebook social media.
Evaluation of Anti-nociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Markhamia tomentosa Cream Co-Formulated with Eucalyptus Oil
Authors: Cardoso-Daodu WIbilola M. , Mmaduabuchukwu Chidinma S. , Ilomuanya Margaret O. , Azubuike Chukwuemeka P.
Published: January 2024

Background: Pain is a noxious, sensory, and emotional experience due to intense stimuli. Pain is intimately linked with nociception. The clinical therapies available at the moment for pain are tricyclic antidepressants, non -steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids. There is a need to develop and investigate safer alternatives that minimise the chances of psychological or physical drug dependence and drug dose tolerance. The purpose of this research is to develop an anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive formulation (Markhamia tomentosa cream co-formulated with Eucalyptus oil as a permeation enhancer) and evaluate its efficacy.
Methods: In this study, Markhamia tomentosa was extracted from its leaves using maceration technique. A qualitative screening of the Markhamia tomentosa ethanolic extract (EEMT) was carried out. Five emulsions (A1-A5) containing varying compositions of Markhamia tomentosa were developed, and a negative control (an emulsion that did not contain Markhamia tomentosa or Eucalyptus oil) was also developed using fusion method. The anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties of the topical creams were evaluated using mice paw-licking and xylene-induced ear oedema tests. Diclofenac and aspirin administered at 20 mg/kg and 50mg/kg orally, respectively, were used as standards. All experiments were carried out in triplicates.
Results: The phytochemical investigation of the Markhamia tomentosa extract showed a marked presence of key phyto-constituents such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. A1 and A2 had significantly higher percentage of nociception inhibition at phase I—neurogenic and phase II—inflammatory stages compared to Diclofenac 20 mg/kg. A1 and A3 had anti-inflammatory properties more potent than Aspirin 50mg/kg. In both tests, the negative controls did not show any level of potency. All results in this investigation were expressed as mean ± S.D (n=3) and (p<0.05) for all data sets. Formulation A1 had the highest concentration of EEMT. No rash, erythema, or oedema was observed in the Draize test implying that the formulations are safe for topical application.
Conclusion: Markhamia tomentosa and eucalyptus oil cream showed potent anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity. Markhamia tomentosa cream co-formulated with Eucalyptus oil as a permeation enhancer can be used effectively as a non-opioid, anti-nociceptive, and anti-inflammatory cream topically for pain and its symptoms
Assessment of Medication Prescribing Indicators Using the World Health Organization Standard Indices in a Tertiary Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Agede Olalekan A. , Ogunmodede James A. , Ole Joseph O. , Bojuwoye Matthew O. , Oyedepo Dapo S. , Sanni Nasiru , Aiyedun Olawale S.
Published: January 2024

Background: Drug use is the most common option in treating disease conditions in clinical practice. Irrational prescription and use of medicine have become a major problem in Africa. The patterns of medication prescription in this environment have been under-studied. Evaluating these patterns is essential to provide information that may guide actions towards improving the prescription standards and mitigate the problems associated with irrational prescription and use of medicine. The study aimed to assess medication prescribing patterns by all cadres of doctors in the General Outpatient Department of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators.
Methods: It was a six-month retrospective study of medication prescription by all cadres of the doctors attending to outpatients in the General Outpatient Department of UITH between 1st July, 2022 – 31st December, 2022. A validated data capture form was used for the study following the WHO prescribing indicator guidelines. The results were displayed using the arithmetic means, frequencies, and percentages. Results were interpreted by the recommended ideal values by the WHO.
Results: 1,650 prescriptions were reviewed, 914 were included in the study. This study found that all the analyzed prescription indices fell short of the WHO-recommended threshold. An average of 2.25 medications were prescribed per patient. The percentages of encounters with injections, antibiotics, and other medications by generic name were 87.2%, 66.9%, and 73.2%, respectively. 53.8% of the medications prescribed came from the essential medicine list.
Conclusion: All medication prescribing indicators assessed were found to be below the ideal value recommended by WHO. Therefore, we advocated for the training of prescribers and the formulation of policies that will promote the prescription of medications in line with WHO guidelines.
Asymptomatic Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Akindele Razaq A. , Adeagbo Ifeoluwa A. , Igbe Emmanuel U. , Uthman-Izobo Oyeronke S. , Akindele Akeem A.
Published: January 2024

Background: Pregnant women are in danger from malaria infection during pregnancy, which is a serious public health issue. A key obstacle to eradicating malaria is the reservoir host for the parasite, and is also regarded as one of the main obstacles to eliminating malaria. This study assessed the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2020 to assess the prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria among 294 consenting pregnant women. Socio-demographic data, Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy with SP (IPTp-SP), and information on insecticide-treated nets use were collected using a structured questionnaire. SD BIOLINE Malaria rapid diagnostic test kits and Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy were used to diagnose Plasmodium infections. Anaemia status was determined using microhematocrit centrifugation. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. In all comparisons, p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection was 20.4% (60/294) and 23.5% (69/ 294) using microscopy and RDT, respectively. Among those infected, 76.7% were anaemic (p=0.001). Asymptomatic malaria was significantly associated with not using insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN). Secundigravida women and being in third-trimester pregnancy were significant determinants of pregnancy-associated malaria.
Conclusion: This study showed that malaria and anaemia are still prevalent among pregnant women in Southern Nigeria, and it is a significant concern for public health. Improved access to intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets should be encouraged to help further diminish the risk of malaria infection amongst pregnant women in the region.
Quality Assessment of Research Comparisons in the Open Research Knowledge Graph
Authors: D'Souza Jennifer , Hussein Hassan , Evans Julia , Vogt Lars , Karras Oliver , Ilangovan Vinodh , Lorenz Anna-Lena , Auer Sören
Published: January 2024

The Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) is a digital library for machine-actionable scholarly knowledge, with a focus on structured research comparisons obtained through expert crowdsourcing. While the ORKG has attracted a community of more than 1,000 users, the curated data has not been subject to an in-depth quality assessment so far. Here, proposed as a first exemplary step, within a team of domain experts, we evaluate the quality of six selected ORKG Comparisons based on three criteria, namely: 1) the quality of semantic modelling, 2) the maturity of the Comparisons in terms of their completeness, syntactic representation, identifier stability, and their linkability mechanisms ensuring the interoperability and discoverability. Finally, 3) the informative usefulness of the Comparisons to expert and lay users. We have found that each criterion addresses a unique and independent aspect of quality. Backed by the observations of our quality evaluations presented in this paper, a fitting model of knowledge graph quality appears one that is indeed multidimensional as ours.
convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Skills: a necessary space for Digital Education and Education 4.0
Authors: Marzal Miguel-Ángel , Vivarelli Maurizio
Published: January 2024

An analysis study of the state of the art on the convergence process first, then confluence, final symbiosis between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Competences (CD) for Digital Education and 4.0 is presented, following a descriptive and diachronic method to be able to analyze from different points of view the complexity, problems and opportunities that this process implies, trying to present, in each of the phases of study of this phenomenon, the models, experiences and lines of research that illustrate the educational impact of this symbiosis . The study proceeds to analyze:
1) first, the characteristics of AI and the drivers that have led to its impact on Education (Educational Artificial Intelligence),
2) the challenges that this impact on Education has brought about,
3) and the initiatives of political, social, and educational agents to assimilating the effects of AI in educational innovation.
4) Then the analysis stops at the definition, characters, properties and initiatives of the DC in Education. Analyzed in pairs, a detailed analysis is made of the symbiosis process that can promote Education 4.0: the changes in the behavior of the agents in the educational process, the tools and good practices that lead to an effective use of this symbiosis, the progress of intelligent technologies in Education, the enunciation of own educational objectives, which are generating new educational models and also the proposal of new evaluation systems.
Pengaruh Terapi Zikir Istigfar Terhadap Depresi Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Ma’rufa Nazula Hidayatul , Rumaisha Assyifa Nur , Nashori Fuad
Published: January 2024

Depresi merupakan gangguan suasana hati yang buruk dan dapat diidentifikasi dengan gejala sedih yang berkepanjangan, perasaan bersalah, putus asa, dan merasa rendah diri. Salah intervensi psikologis terbukti efektif untuk menangani kasus depresi dalam pendekatan Islam yaitu dengan zikir istighfar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak zikir istighfar terhadap tingkat depresi pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa yang beragama Islam, laki-laki dan perempuan, berusia 18-23 tahun (7 laki-laki dan 23 perempuan). Seluruh subjek penelitian diberikan kuesioner prates dan pasca-tes dengan menggunakan skala BDI (Beck Depression Inventory). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan secara signifikan skor depresi yang diukur menggunakan T-test dengan skor mean sebelum intervensi sebesar 10.90 dan setelah intervensi turun secara signifikan menjadi 4.23. Dari hasil analisis tersebut ditemukan bahwa ada perbedaan kadar depresi pada subjek antara sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti terapi zikir. Maka dapat dikatakan bahwa terapi zikir terbukti memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap depresi yang dialami oleh mahasiswa. Semakin sering mahasiswa berzikir maka kadar depresi akan semakin rendah, begitu pula sebaliknya semakin jarang mahasiswa berzikir maka kadar depresi akan semakin tinggi.