bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing criminal offenses committed in a state of great emotional distress from related corpus delicti of criminal offenses
Authors: Buchkivska V. L.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the positions of scholars, as well as the provisions of current legislation and the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine in terms of distinguishing criminal offenses committed in a state of great emotional distress from related corpus delicti of criminal offenses.

The author analyzes judicial and law enforcement practice for premeditated murder in a state of great emotional distress, by a mother of her newborn child, and in case of exceeding the limits of necessary defense or in case of exceeding the measures necessary to detain the person who committed the criminal offense.

The author defines theoretical approaches to the qualification of acts committed in a state of great emotional distress and the position, taking into account the case law, on the distinguishing criminal offenses committed in a state of great emotional distress from related corpus delicti of criminal offenses. It is substantiated that for the correct qualification of crimes committed in a state of strong mental excitement, it is necessary to establish not only the features of the corresponding crimes, but also to distinguish them from the related corpus delicti of crimes, since the type and degree of responsibility of the person for the committed criminal offense, as well as the degree, depend on this punishment, which is imposed in case of finding a person guilty of committing a criminal offense.
Theft as a type of property offense: problems of criminal law characterization
Authors: Komplektova T. O.
Published: April 2024

The article highlights the issues of criminal law characterization of theft as one of the types of criminal offenses against property. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the author emphasizes that theft is a fairly common manifestation of criminal behavior of a person. This necessitates its comprehensive study, including consideration of the issues of its criminal law characterization. It is noted that in the science of criminal law there are no uniform approaches to determining the criteria for criminal law characterization of theft. The most common are: corpus delicti; qualifying and specially qualifying features; distinction from related offenses and offenses defined by other branches of law.

The author emphasizes that despite the legally enshrined concept of theft, there are a number of approaches to its definition in criminal law. When formulating them, scholars focus on a certain defining feature of theft. The author characterizes the element of secrecy as one of the most defining features of theft.

The author focuses on the case law on distinguishing theft from other types of criminal offenses against property. The author analyzes both the statutory criteria for classification of theft and the criteria proposed by researchers of criminal law and criminology. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the objective side of this criminal offense, which is the basis for distinguishing theft from other offenses against property. It is emphasized that, according to the subjective side, theft involves only direct intent. It is noted that in the course of the criminal law characterization of theft, the issues of victimization factors (study of the category of a criminal offense victim, peculiarities of the victim’s behavior, etc.) The author concludes that the issue of both the criteria for criminal legal characterization of theft and their content and features remains controversial in criminal law science and requires further study.
Features of the formation of the progressive prison system in England
Authors: Krysiuk Yu. P.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the development of a progressive prison system in England. It is noted that the prerequisites for the implementation of this system were: an increase in the number of convicts, and therefore, prisoners; lack of prisons; decentralization and inefficiency of the prison system at that time; demoralizing consequences of execution of punishments. In 1838, the main regulations for reforming the penitentiary system of England were submitted to the government. The result of the proposed reform was the formation of a progressive prison system. The beginnings of the English progressive system of execution of punishments can be found in the activities of Captain D. McConochie, who in 1840 first applied its regulations to convict labourers on Norfolk Island near Australia, where the most dangerous criminals were sent. In England itself, this system was first introduced in 1842 in Pentonville Prison. The English progressive penitentiary system provided for several stages of imprisonment: solitary confinement, which took place in special solitary cells; collective imprisonment with joint labor during the day and separation at night; parole. The system had the following characteristic features: gradualness in the severity of the punishment, which depended on the arrestee himself; individualization of execution of sentences, based on a personal daily analysis of prisoners’ attitude to the regime and work; involvement of prisoners in the provision of prison activities; comprehensibility and accessibility for each detainee; significant educational influence on prisoners, most of whom were interested in softening prison conditions; parole as the highest reward for good behavior and conscientious work. The system had significant successes and attracted the attention of specialists and the public by reducing recidivism and a diverse set of educational measures. It also found its embodiment in the modern penitentiary system of England, in which the execution of prison sentences is organized according to a progressive system, which provides for solitary confinement with subsequent transfer to a general cell, where the regime of detention has three degrees. One of the main elements of organising and executing punishments related to deprivation of liberty is the classification and division of prisoners into four categories. According to these categories, there are four regimes of detention of prisoners.
Ensuring environmental security in agriculture
Authors: Tolkachenko O. V.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the position of the food and agricultural organization of the United Nations regarding support for agriculture to reach the level of environmentally safe sustainable development. It is very relevant, due to the fact that at this stage of the development of civilization, there is an increase in the consumption of natural resources, which leads to an ecological burden on agricultural systems and, as a result, various problems in the provision of ecological and food security arise, the solution of them requires a comprehensive approach.

The article examines in which directions the legal regulation of environmental security in agriculture is carried out and analyzes the current legislation according to the following criteria: ensuring environmental security during the use of certain natural resources in the implementation of agricultural activities: land, water, atmospheric air, etc.; ensuring environmental security in the process of using auxiliary means in the implementation of agricultural activities: agrochemicals, pesticides, etc. The following groups: ensuring environmental security in the process of using machinery, technologies, equipment, the latest developments, etc. in the implementation of agricultural activities and ensuring environmental security in the disposal of agricultural waste, will be analyzed in detail in further scientific works. It is worth noting that in each selected group internal division is possible according to individual characteristics. Special attention is paid to the legal regulation of environmental security in the process of land use, because it is the main means of agricultural production.

In the work, special attention is paid to the analysis of the legislation on ensuring environmental security in the process of using pesticides and agrochemicals in the implementation of agricultural activities, since environmental and food security directly depends on their use. It is noted that some provisions are controversial, do not have specific requirements for ensuring environmental security and do not meet the modern requirements of sustainable development of agriculture.

The concept of sustainable agriculture is considered and ecologically safe, natural methods of increasing productivity and pest control are proposed. It is noted that for the development of sustainable agriculture, all the specified methods should be reflected in the environmental policy of the state and, subsequently, in the legislation.
Criminality of military servants of the army and other military forms of Ukraine in the conditions of russian aggression against Ukraine. Criminology aspect
Authors: Pashchenko E. M.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the rise in criminality among military personnel within the military environment during the war in Ukraine. The increase in breaches of military discipline and law is linked to heightened mobilization demands and psychological stress on servicemen. The authors analyze statistics of military criminal offenses during a state of war and highlight the threats it poses to national security and trust in military service. The article emphasizes that a state of war is a key determinant of military crime, calling into question certain aspects of the criminological situation in Ukraine.

The article also explores various reasons for criminal behavior among military personnel on a micro-level. These include psychological difficulties, strenuous physical demands, family upbringing, professional dissatisfaction, legal issues, and cultural factors. Individual factors also influence criminal behavior, encompassing financial hardships, psychological deviations, substance abuse, disregard for legal norms, and a lack of psychological support. The article provides statistics on criminal offenses among military personnel and underscores the increase in criminality during wartime.

The article delves into the distinctions between military and civilian criminal offenses, emphasizing the heightened accountability of military personnel for similar actions compared to civilians. Servicemen who breach military discipline can face both disciplinary and criminal consequences, including punishments such as lifelong imprisonment and liberty restrictions. The article underscores that a state of war can lead to increased criminality among military personnel due to factors such as stress, psychological pressure, and restricted access to leisure and social services during wartime. The authors conclude that it is crucial to provide support and programs to mitigate these risks and facilitate the reintegration of military personnel after returning from conflict zones. The article underscores the need to enhance military service and elevate its prestige to ensure the professionalism of military personnel and meet the contemporary challenges of Ukraine’s foreign policy.
Social conditioning of criminalization of offenses qualified as collaborative activity
Authors: Tananakin O. V.
Published: April 2024

One of the types of social relations that arose during the war in Ukraine is relations with the occupiers, which can be carried out both within the legal field and be an illegal, criminal manifestation in the form of cooperation with the enemy and assistance to him. Such illegal nature of relations with the occupiers is considered a collaborative activity. The legislator was faced with the task of determining the composition of such an offense and establishing the punishment for actions that constitute collaborationism. Despite a fairly large number of studies of individual and complex issues of criminal liability for collaborative activities, a number of questions remain open.

The purpose of this study was to establish the social conditions and the existence of the necessary grounds for the criminalization of socially dangerous acts that constitute collaborative activity.

In the theory of criminal law, it is clearly established which factors must be taken into account when deciding on the criminalization of a particular illegal act - they are defined as the grounds for criminalizing illegal acts: the existing (real) social danger of the act; its relative prevalence; the need for a criminal legal guarantee; fulfillment by the state of international legal obligations The above research allows us to assess the social conditionality of the criminalization of collaborative activities. First, taking into account the importance of the protected order of social relations, which is encroached upon by collaborative activity, actions containing signs of such illegal activity are socially dangerous. Secondly, official statistical data on the number of registered cases of collaborative activity and persons prosecuted under Art. 111-1, testify to the sufficient prevalence of collaborative activities on the territory of Ukraine. Thirdly, collaborative activity should be punished most severely, namely by establishing criminal liability for it. And, fourthly, the establishment of criminal liability for collaborative activities correlates with the provisions of international legal acts and ensures Ukraine’s fulfillment of relevant international legal obligations.
Crimes against humanity: concepts and signs
Authors: Toma M. G.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the article is obvious because the terrible crimes committed by the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine shook not only Ukrainian society but also the whole world. Russian military personnel and their command commit large-scale and systematic attacks on the civilian population - brutal murders, torture, torture, rape, enslavement, extermination, deportations, imprisonment, the crime of apartheid and other illegal acts of a cruel nature directed against the people of Ukraine.

The relevance of the study is also related to the fact that the Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter - the Criminal Code of Ukraine) does not contain a definition of crimes against humanity, unlike other crimes such as military or war crimes. We will try to figure out how the actions of criminals will be qualified by Ukrainian courts and who will be held criminally responsible at the international level in the event that crimes against humanity are committed in Ukraine.

«Crimes against humanity» as a separate group of crimes in international law was first reflected in the joint declaration of the governments of France, Great Britain and Russia on May 28, 1915 as a protest against the genocide committed by Turkey against the Armenian population. The result of the criminal events was the killing of more than a million people, prompting the international community to label this shameful act as a «crime against civilization and humanity» for which the leaders of the Turkish government should be held accountable.

Crimes against humanity are crimes designed to destroy the very nature of man. These crimes are considered the most heinous crimes, because they mean deliberate mass killings either by the fact of the very existence of people (crimes against humanity) or by the fact of belonging to an ethnic or national group (genocide).

In a number of international documents, such as: the Statute of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal, article 6c; Charter of the International Military Tribunal in Tokyo, Article 5c; Law No. 10, adopted by the Control Council of the Allied Powers in Germany in 1945, Article II, 1c; UN Convention of December 9, 1948 on the Prevention of the Crime of Genocide and its Punishment; Statutes of international criminal tribunals for Yugoslavia, Art. 3-5 and Rwanda Art. 2-3; Statute of the International Criminal Court, Art. 7, such international crimes as crimes against humanity are reflected, from this it follows that universal jurisdiction extends to crimes against humanity.
Some criminological indicators of land mismanagement
Authors: Turlova Yu. A. , Kolisnyk S. V.
Published: April 2024

Based on official statistical sources, this article presents a long-term criminological analysis of the situation with land mismanagement in Ukraine spanning the period from 2002 to 2023. The author determines absolute, average and relative indicators, in particular, the rate and dynamics of crimes in this category. The total number of recorded crimes in the category under study (1,240 crimes), their average annual occurrence (56 crimes), and the average growth rate (22.9 %) are calculated. Employing a 5th degree polynomial function, a trend depicting the dynamics of these crimes is constructed. The chosen model aptly captures the development trend of the process with high precision (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.916) and facilitates the identification and characterization of four distinct periods, each reflecting the main trends of land mismanagement in Ukraine.

A paradoxical situation is revealed by the analysis of the practical application of the criminal law provisions which have supplemented Art. 254 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code « Land Mismanagement» in accordance with Law of Ukraine No. 402-IX of December 19, 2019 « On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding Improvement of Legislation on Mining of Amber and Other Minerals». Notably, no crimes were recorded under Part 2 of Article 254 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (the primary corpus delicti). Conversely, 15 crimes were recorded under Parts 3 and 4 of Article 254 (qualifying elements of the crime). The author concludes that this correlation would be impossible in the case of objective recording of crimes, and it also underscores a noteworthy latent aspect of land mismanagement, in particular, deliberate evasion of mandatory reclamation of lands damaged in the course of pilot commercial development of amber deposits or amber mining under a special subsoil use permit, resulting in considerable damage. The conducted analysis holds an intrinsic value both for scientific research and for law enforcement, ensuring an appropriate information support base for countering land mismanagement, firstly, by providing a clear understanding of the current situation with this phenomenon. Furthermore, it lays the groundwork for the development of the relevant system of criminal preventive measures tailored to address this specific issue.
Some aspects of legal regulation of the legal activities of journalists in modern conditions
Authors: Khorvatova O. O. , Pukhir Y. I.
Published: April 2024

The article reveals some of the legal principles of regulating the legal activity of a journalist in modern conditions of martial law. The activities and state of media freedom in Ukraine over the past 11 years have been analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in modern conditions of martial law, the index of freedom of the press in the state is growing.

The authors focused attention on some features of the legal regulation of the legal grounds of journalists’ activities according to the norms of international law and the national legislation of Ukraine; determined the rights and obligations of journalists, guarantees of media activity, specifics of activities of foreign journalists, employees of foreign entities in the field of media working in Ukraine.

Attention is focused on certain types of prohibitions regarding interference in the professional activities of journalists under conditions of peace and during a state of war or in places of armed conflicts. The statistics of criminal offenses against the legal activities of journalists and the media during the ten years of the war in Ukraine were analyzed.

It is substantiated that legal liability, including criminal liability, has been established for encroachment on the journalist’s life and health, and other actions against him. The current criminal legislation and specific articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which provide for criminal liability for such criminal offenses as obstructing the legitimate professional activity of journalists, threatening, or using violence against a journalist, intentional destruction or damage to a journalist’s property, encroachment on a journalist’s life, taking a journalist as a hostage, were analyzed. Statistical information on the number of registered criminal offenses of this category for the last three years is provided. A criminological description of criminal offenses against the legal activity of a journalist is given.

It was concluded that criminal offenses committed against journalists represent a significant public danger, as they encroach on freedom of speech, national security of the state, and violate the foundations of activity in the information sphere.
Some aspects of regulating the procedure for the adoption and appeal of normative legal acts of local councils in Ukraine
Authors: Baran S. I.
Published: April 2024

Research on this topic is important and relevant for several reasons. Effective and fair regulation of procedures for the adoption and appeal of normative legal acts at this level is crucial for ensuring the rights and interests of citizens in practice. The alignment of national legal norms with international standards is key for the organic integration of Ukraine into the European legal system, and the processes of decentralization necessitate the study of this topic through the prism of local authorities.

The article uses such research methods as comparison, analysis, induction and deduction.

During the research, results were obtained, consisting of the formation of a clear and comprehensive vision of normative legal acts that regulate the procedures for the adoption and appeal of normative legal acts of local councils in Ukraine. Existing legal problems were highlighted, and solutions were proposed. The primary issue in the normative-legal regulation of the studied topic is the insufficient clarity in defining normative-legal acts and the narrowing of the range of subjects of appeal compared to the Constitution. Considering the points stated in this article will contribute to the improvement of the legal regulation of the discussed issues and the further application of legal norms.

The study of the chosen topic is crucial for understanding and addressing current problems in the regulatory and legal foundations of the functioning of local self-government and ensuring guarantees of the protection of citizens’ rights at the local level.

Further research on this topic allows for a deeper understanding of the role of local self-government in ensuring the harmonious functioning of society and identifying possible ways to improve regulatory and legal frameworks. Specifically, in the context of addressing issues such as the lack of clarity in defining the concept of «regulatory and legal act» and restricting the scope of subjects for challenging regulatory and legal acts, as identified in this study, it is crucial to emphasize the need for transparency in legal processes at the local level. The findings of this research can serve as a foundation for subsequent reforms in the field of local self-government and the establishment of effective mechanisms for protecting citizens’ rights at the local level.
La «masa ígnea»
Authors: Mantovani Larisa
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la sección artística de las Cristalerías Rigolleau, así como la actividad de Lucrecia Moyano que dirigió esta área entre 1934 y 1962. El interés de la familia Rigolleau en las artes resultó un punto de partida fundamental que motivó la presencia de Moyano en la fábrica, quien se destacó a lo largo de su carrera por la producción de vidrios artísticos. Esta investigación también busca poner el foco en el lugar de esta mujer entre el mundo de las artes y el de la fábrica, junto con las dificultades que eso conllevó, a la vez que se espera proponer una nueva lectura respecto de su rol como «diseñadora ». De este modo, se reflexiona sobre el uso de esta categoría a la luz de su contexto histórico en el que por mucho tiempo predominó el uso de términos como «artes aplicadas» o «artistas decoradores».
Patient Targeted Googling by nurses and midwives in Poland
Authors: Zurzycka Patrycja , Wojtas Katarzyna , Musiał Zofia , Puto Grażyna , Czyżowicz Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Patient Targeted Googling (PTG) is not a new phenomenon, but in Poland — according to the information available to the authors — there has been no research in this area among nurses and midwives. The above-mentioned activity is associated with many doubts and concerns of legal and ethical issues, and therefore there is a need to explore it. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PTG among nurses and midwives in Poland. Material and Methods: The study conducted among 300 working nurses and midwives used a diag-nostic survey based on the author’s survey questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using PQStat version: 1.8.4.142. Mann–Whitney U tests, chi^2 and Fisher’s correlations were used. The significance level was adopted at p <0.05 and highly significant at p <0.01. Results: The respondents’ reasons for patient targeted googling were mainly lack of other sources of information, controlling adherence to recommendations, ascertaining the patient’s mental disorders, behavior, substance abuse status and physical appearance. PTG without informing the patient was con-sidered unethical and likely to violate the principle of informed consent and privacy. Respondents ex-pressed the need for PTG training. Conclusions: The study presents the prevalence of PTG phenomenon among Polish nurses and mid-wives along with the different determinants of this activity.
Symptomatic Intraparenchymal Epididymal Cysts: Description of 11 cases
Authors: Schoina Evangelia , Gkalonaki Ioanna , Trevlias Ioannis , Panteli Christina , Patoulias Ioannis
Published: April 2024

Epididymal cysts are benign cystic formations of the epididymis that usually appear in adoles-cence or early adulthood. Their frequency doubles after the age of 14–15. Obstruction in the epididymal efferent ductules with subsequent prostenotic dilatation of them, as well as dysgenesis due to hormonal disorders during fetal or postnatal life, are possible. At the 1st Department of Pediatric Surgery of A.U.Th. we treated 11 cases of boys at the age of 11–16 who presented with acute scrotum because of an epididymal cyst. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound scanning . Due to persistent symptomatology, patients underwent surgical exploration and removal of the cyst. The postoperative care of the patients was uncomplicated with immediate remission of symptoms. In one case, ipsilateral acute epididymitis oc-curred after 10 days, which was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy. It is reported that approxi-mately 50% of epididymal cysts involute within an average of 17 months. In conclusion, using the data obtained from the review ,of the small in number of international bibliography studies, it is proposed conservative treatment of asymptomatic cysts with diameter smaller than 1 cm and surgical excision [1] of large asymptomatic cysts with diameter greater than 1 cm, which do not regress after a follow-up of 24–48 months, cysts, regardless of their diameter, responsible for persistent symptoms and in the manifestation of acute scrotal symptoms due to inflammation, intravesical bleeding or secondarily torsion of the epi-didymis.
Hypertension and Gastrointestinal Bleed in COVID-19 Patients: Associations with Mortality, Acute Kidney Injury, Vasopressor Use, and Mechanical Ventilation Use
Authors: Brodskiy Igor , Fogel Joshua , Douen Aaron , Wagner Justin , Trillo John
Published: April 2024

There are mixed findings on the association of hypertension or gastrointestinal bleed (GIB) with mortality in COVID-19 patients but no research on the combination of both hypertension and GIB with mortality in COVID-19 patients. We study in COVID-19 patients the association of hypertension and GIB with mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), vasopressor use, and/or mechanical ventilation. This is a retro-spective study of COVID-19 patients who were categorized into groups of no GIB/no hypertension (n = 653), yes hypertension/no GIB (n = 1,620), yes GIB/no hypertension (n = 104), or yes GIB/yes hypertension (n = 334). Covariates included demographics and medical history variables. In the multi-variate logistic regression analysis for the composite outcome of mortality, AKI, vasopressor use, and/or mechanical ventilation use, yes hypertension/no GIB (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.89, p <0.001) and yes GIB/ no hypertension (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.78, p <0.001) were each significantly positively associated with the composite outcome. The yes GIB/yes hypertension group was not significantly associated with the composite outcome. In conclusion, we found that hypertension or GIB alone were each significantly associated with increased odds for the composite outcome while having both hypertension and GIB was protective and not significantly associated with the composite outcome. We recommend that clin-icians be aware of such findings when treating patients with COVID-19, as those with both hypertension and GIB may not need as aggressive treatment as compared to those with either hypertension or GIB.
The Impact of the SARS-COV-2 Pandemic on the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Marghescu Angela , Vlăsceanu Silviu , Badarau Ioana Anca , Ţigău Mirela , Mahler Beatrice , Dumitrache-Rujinski Stefan , Leonte Diana , Măgheran Elena , Tudor Adrian , Costache Mariana , Georgescu Livia , Negoescu Iris-Andreea , Bobocea Andrei Cristian , Savu Cornel Florentin
Published: April 2024

The SARS-COV-2 pandemic had an important impact on the diagnosis of all pathologies, including lung cancer. According to Global Cancer Observatory 2020, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death (18%).

The study aims are the comparative evaluation of lung cancer diagnosis and optimal identification of the factors that influenced the establishment of this diagnosis in the pre-pandemic and SARS-COV-2 pandemic periods. This retrospective study included patients >18 years-old, diagnosed with lung carcinoma on surgical specimens in „Marius Nasta” Institute of Pneumophtisiology, grouped in two cohorts: pre-pandemic (March 01, 2019 - February 29, 2020, N=370) and pandemic (March 01, 2020 - February 28, 2021, N=177).

Demographic, clinical, and paraclinical information have been collected from the Institute's database, and statistically analyzed (IBM SPSS Statistics 21). The number of newly diagnosed bronchopulmonary carcinoma decrease almost by half during the first year of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. We noticed a significant increase in the number of patients with professional exposure (p=0.040), atypical resections (p≤0.001), and tumors that couldn't be completely resected (p=0.001), and an ascending trend of lung carcinoma diagnosis in women smokers, even though it wasn't statistically significant (p=0.098). The proportion of newly diagnosed women from rural medium significantly decreased, from 36.45% to 17.65% (p=0.023). The SARS-COV-2 pandemic debut determined a significant under-diagnosis of lung cancer, with an increase in advanced tumors at the time of diagnosis. It is important to further analyze the situation in our country, given the fact that the literature review reported different results, depending on the geographic area.
The Role of GLP 1 Receptor Agonists in Treating Heart Failure: Useful or Not?
Authors: Lungeanu-Juravle Laura , Nica Andra , Rusu Emilia , Radulian Gabriela
Published: April 2024

Heart failure is not a single disease but a clinical syndrome with symptoms and/or signs caused by a structural/functional cardiac abnormality and represents a public health problem, leading to significant functional impairment, morbidity, and poor quality of life. In 2023, 64 million people had been diagnosed with heart failure and needed specific treatment. An important percentage is associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) as well. Because of the large etiology of this syndrome treatment should be leaded by the cause who underwent to heart failure. A few glucose-lowering therapies showed their efficacy in treating heart failure for patient with or without T2DM such as sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors) but the role of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is still investigated. At this point, evidence show no improvement in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated with GLP-1 RAs but in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) proves otherwise.
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Under the Anonymity of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Constantin Ancuţa Alina , Mălăescu Andreea Nicoleta , Mihălţan Florin Dumitru
Published: April 2024

We report the case of a 32-year-old male patient, a former smoker, with a known history of SARS-COV-2 infection, mild clinical form, condition that required follow-up evaluation. Despite being oligosymptomatic, the patient reports discreet respiratory symptoms, manifested by dry cough and a sensation of chest tightness. CT thoracic scan revealed a pseudo-nodular, diffusely contoured infiltrate of approximately 10 mm, in the apical left upper lobe segment (LUL), sequelae appearance, thought to represent SARS-COV-2 residual changes, with follow-up recommendation. Three months later, reassessment highlighted a slight progression of the lesion, with a spiculated appearance and umbilicated pleura, a context that mandated further respiratory-specific medical investigations, including bronchoscopic examination and positron emission tomography (PET CT). Given the diagnostic suspicion that included a pathology with neoplastic potential, the firm recommendation was to perform a nodular pulmonary biopsy through video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS). Both the histopathological (HP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations supported the diagnosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The therapeutic course was completed by performing a left upper lobectomy with lymphadenectomy. The case is instructive, confirming that SARS-COV-2 infection is a perfect mimic (1), capable of imitating various other conditions.

In this context, the optimal scenario is distinguished, where monitoring after infection contributes to the early and incidental identification of neoplasia, thus suggesting that SARS-COV-2 infection may also offer certain benefits.
Complement Blockade, a New Therapeutic Approach in Malignant Hypertension
Authors: Achim Camelia-Adriana , Voicu-Titere Cătălina , Nae Georgiana Aurelia , Florescu Daniela-Gabriela , Moisa Rareș-Vasilică , Ismail Gener
Published: April 2024

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) represents a major challenge due to its rare nature and severe impact on patients, characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. This paper describes the case of a 41-year-old patient diagnosed with aHUS in the context of malignant arterial hypertension and severe renal impairment, manifested by anuria and significant azotemic retention syndrome. The complex management of the case, including the use of Eculizumab, a complement inhibitor, highlighted significant therapeutic benefits, especially in improving hematological parameters.

Despite a positive response, challenges related to dosing, monitoring treatment efficacy, and maintaining remission without relapses emphasize the need for adapted therapeutic strategies and a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms. This case also highlights the importance of individualized approaches and consideration of the possible benefits of dose adjustments based on specific clinical and pharmacological parameters, as well as continuous evaluation of treatment efficacy and safety, in the context of such a variable and potentially devastating syndrome as aHUS.
A Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Q-Learning for Distributed Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Energy-Saving
Authors: Cai Jingcao , Wang Lei
Published: April 2024

Energy saving has always been a concern in production scheduling, especially in distributed hybrid flow shop scheduling problems. This study proposes a shuffled frog leaping algorithm with Q-learning (QSFLA) to solve distributed hybrid flow shop scheduling problems with energy-saving(DEHFSP) for minimizing the maximum completion time and total energy consumption simultaneously. The mathematical model is provided, and the lower bounds of two optimization objectives are given and proved. A Q-learning process is embedded in the memeplex search of QSFLA. The state of the population is calculated based on the lower bound. Sixteen search strategy combinations are designed according to the four kinds of global search and four kinds of neighborhood structure. One combination is selected to be used in the memeplex search according to the population state. An energy-saving operator is presented to reduce total energy consumption without increasing the processing time. One hundred forty instances with different scales are tested, and the computational results show that QSFLA is a very competitive algorithm for solving DEHFSP.
Automatic Analysis and Anomaly Detection System of Transverse Electron Beam Profile Based on Advanced and Interpretable Deep Learning Architectures
Authors: Piekarski Michał , Jaworek-Korjakowska Joanna , Wawrzyniak Adriana
Published: April 2024

The National Synchrotron Radiation Center SOLARIS, ranked among the top infrastructures of that type worldwide, is the only one located in Central-Eastern Europe, in Poland. The SOLARIS Center, with six fully operational beamlines, serves as a hub for research across a diverse range of disciplines. This cutting-edge facility fosters innovation in fields like biology, chemistry, and physics as well as material engineering, nanotechnology, medicine, and pharmacology. With its advanced infrastructure and multidisciplinary approach, the SOLARIS Center enables discoveries and pushes the boundaries of knowledge. The most important aspect of such enormous research as well as industry infrastructure is to provide stable working conditions for the users and the conducted projects. Due to its unique properties, problem complexities, and challenges that require advanced approaches, the problem of anomaly detection and automatic analysis of signals for the beam stability assessment is still a huge challenge that has not been fully developed. To increase the effectiveness of centers with advanced research infrastructure we focus on the automatic analysis of transverse beam profiles generated by the Pinhole diagnostic beam-line. Pinhole beamlines are typically installed in the middle and high-energy synchrotrons to thoroughly analyze emitted X-rays and therefore assess electron beam quality. To address the problem we take advantage of AI solutions including up-to-date pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) models among others EfficientNetB0-B4-B6, InceptionV3 and DenseNet121. In this research, we propose the benchmark for Pinhole image classification including data preprocessing, model implementation, training process, hyperparameter selection as well as testing phase. Created from scratch database contains over one million transverse beam profile images. The proposed solution, based on the InceptionV3 architecture, classifies pinhole beamline images with 94.1% accuracy and 96.6% precision which is a state-of-the-art result in this research area. Finally, we employed interpretability algorithms to perform an analysis of the models and achieved results.
The Impact of Digitalization on Customer Knowledge Management
Authors: Camară Andreea Bianca
Published: April 2024

The best way for a business to gather pertinent knowledge and apply it for the growth and sustainability of the firm is through communication with its customers. Companies must adapt to today’s data, information, and knowledge-based economy. A company’s ability to evolve depends on how strategically it uses its intangible resources to build its knowledge capital. Digital tools create new channels for client engagement and collaboration. The current study assesses how digital tools affect how businesses interact with their customers and how these tools help customers share knowledge with companies. This study updates knowledge management and customer knowledge management practices in a digital context and serves as an example of these practices. The study aims to address the absence of specific and valuable components in business practices that give them access to client knowledge. The study is conducted on a sample of 10 individuals, managers, and CEOs of Romanian enterprises, using the in-depth interview method. Data from the survey were analyzed and interpreted, and significant results were drawn by comparing them to prior research. The study emphasizes the value of digital tools for customer communication and the potential these platforms provide for gathering knowledge about, for, and from customers. The respondents stressed the significance of knowledge for both the growth of the company and the innovation process. Still, there needs to be more internal structures to manage this knowledge strategically and capitalize on it for the beginning of innovative business approaches. The study identifies the primary challenges to communicating via digital channels and suggests solutions to help companies acquire, share, and use customer data to its fullest potential.
Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations as a Voice for Justice and Humanity during the Russian Invasion
Authors: Vasin Maksym
Published: April 2024

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has prompted a critical examination of the church’s role as a social institution during times of war. During such circumstances, national and global religious leaders are typically expected to spearhead peacebuilding initiatives focused on saving civilians, protecting critical infrastructure, and mitigating the potential for widespread destruction and humanitarian crises. In this case, however, the Kremlin has actively used the Russian Orthodox Church as well as an array of religious figures to justify Russian aggression and legitimize actions that amount to genocide against the Ukrainian people. In contrast, the Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations has assumed the role of a moral guide during the war by condemning, with remarkably unity, Russian war crimes and the destructive ideology of Russkiy mir (the Russian world), and instead advocating for a humane approach and proposing peacebuilding initiatives. This paper details the scope and character of the Council’s activities carried out in wartime, providing numerous illustrative examples.
Ukrainian Evangelicals and the War
Authors: Panych Olena
Published: April 2024

The resilience of evangelical communities in Ukraine became evident during the full-scale war started with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, as they actively engaged in networking and robust volunteer movements to provide aid and support to those affected by the warfare at the grassroots level. This article delves into the responses of evangelical ministers and believers to the traumatic circumstances arising from the war. The author emphasizes that the war experiences conveyed in the testimonies and narratives of evangelicals are deeply intertwined with their religious experiences and are framed to align with fundamental evangelical values. Confronting the challenges associated with life-threatening situations, irreparable losses, and bereavements, evangelicals interpret these experiences through the lens of their theologically grounded worldview.
Ukrainian Muslims in the Context of the Russo-Ukrainian Conflict
Authors: Brylov Denys
Published: April 2024

This article examines the processes of transformation in the Ukrainian Muslim community since the outset of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, and also delves into shifts in the state’s policy towards Muslims during this time. Since the conflict began in 2014, the state’s stance towards Muslims has steadily improved. The main reason for this is the unequivocal pro-Ukrainian position taken by nearly all Muslim communities in Ukraine amidst the Russian invasion. The paper assesses the impact of Russian military aggression and the occupation of part of Ukraine’s territory on the country’s Muslim communities. It also highlights the ambiguous role of a number of Islamist movements taking an active part in the armed resistance to the invasion
Fortschreibungen des Wohnens. Ein Vergleich zwischen dem Taufzeugnis und der Berufung der ersten Jünger in Joh. 1
Authors: Pricop Cosmin
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to analyze the similarities found between two biblical pericopes in chapter 1 of the Gospel of John, namely the description of the baptism of Jesus by St. John the Baptist and the call to the apostolate of the first disciples. The two pericopes are analyzed from the perspective of the concept of indwelling, which is found in both texts, the first which speaks about the indwelling/location of the Spirit upon Jesus from the Baptism onwards, and the second which presents the indwelling/location of the first disciples at the place where Jesus lived. Both texts demonstrate a similar structure, consisting of five elements: introduction, ignorance or limited knowledge about Jesus, hints about knowing more, success in reaching this higher stage of knowledge, and testimony about what has been achieved.
Food Security Model Based on Consumer Characteristics in East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Nona Reyna Virginia , Sagajoka Estherlina , Juniasih Ida Ayu Komang , Suku Yohanes Laka
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to formulating a regional food security model based on the relationship between the characteristics of production, consumption and entrepreneurship areas with the performance of the community's food business in NTT Province based on consumer perceptions.
 
Method: The research locations are in six areas in NTT namely Ende, Manggarai, West Manggarai, Southwest Sumba, North Central Timor and Kupang, which have Farmer Shops designated by the government as LUPM partners. Farm in six randomly selected government-defined blood. The distribution of sampling is done proportionally. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistics, namely Partial Least Square (PLS).
 
Results and conclusion: The results of the structural model analysis based on consumer perceptions of rice show empirically strong evidence to accept the proposed hypothesis, namely the characteristics of production, consumption and entrepreneurship areas simultaneously affect the performance of PUPM in NTT Province in realizing food security.
 
Implications of the research: To achieve good PUPM performance, it is necessary to pay attention to consumer characteristics so that food security for the NTT community can be realized.
 
Originality/value: This research examines the consumption characteristics model through a community food business development program to achieve food security. Place, price, product, personality and motivation are important indicators that influence consumption characteristics. Capital, prices, task and result orientation, as well as increasing business profits of business actors are important indicators for improving the performance of community food business development through regional characteristics of production, consumption and entrepreneurship.