bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O ensino de Endodontia pré-clínica nos cursos de Odontolologia brasileiros
Authors: Kappler Rafaela Braga , De-Paula Karen Barea , Barbisan Daniela Bazzo , Grock Camila Hélen , Ferreira Maria Beatriz Cardoso , Luisi Simone Bonatto , Montagner Francisco
Published: September 2019

O objetivo desse estudo foi obter informações quanto ao ensino de Endodontia em atividades pré-clínicas nos diferentes cursos de graduação em Odontologia no Brasil, além de avaliar o perfil e a distribuição por regiões do país dessas instituições. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal do tipo censo, envolvendo 246 instituições de ensino, por meio do acesso aos sítios eletrônicos das respectivas instituições, obtendo-se dados de domínio público. As informações relacionadas às instituições de ensino foram obtidas em base de dados pública, em sítio eletrônico do Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO). Foram registradas as seguintes variáveis de interesse: dados sobre a instituição de ensino, a distribuição das disciplinas relacionadas ao ensino de pré-clínica na área de Endodontia, e a carga horária e relacionada com o ensino de Endodontia. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva dos dados obtidos. A maioria dos cursos ocorrem em instituições privadas, localizadas no Sudeste do país, com maior número de cursos diurnos e apresentando duração mínima de 10 semestres. Em relação à presença de informações relativas à estrutura curricular dos Cursos de Odontologia nas instituições avaliadas, verificou-se que foi possível acesso direto em sítios eletrônicos de 190 instituições (77,2%). O Projeto Pedagógico está disponível no sítio eletrônico de 57 cursos (23,2%). Observou-se grande diversidade de organização das disciplinas nas diferentes instituições. Constatou-se que há informações limitadas disponíveis para acesso na forma de domínio público, o que dificulta uma análise mais criteriosa acerca dos modelos didáticos e conteúdos abordados pelas instituições. Ainda, observou-se que as informações disponibilizadas sugerem que há abordagens heterogêneas para o ensino da endodontia pré-clínica.
Pendidikan Multikultural dan Pendekatan Quantum dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Jusuf Rahmathias
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan memberikan ruang pada budaya untuk mengembangkan dan melestarikan serta memperjelas proposisi esensialnya sebagai bagian yang melekat pada masyarakat. Proses saling mempengaruhi antar satu budaya dengan budaya lain semakin intens dan cepat, baik budaya itu bersifat positif ataupun negatif. Pikiran dan budaya tidak dapat dipisahkan dan saling konstitutif. Relevansi konsep dasar untuk mengkonstruksi pendidikan multikultural dengan pendekatan quantum dalam pembelajaran, proposisi idealnya pada neurolinguistik program dalam pembelajaran. Program ini meneliti hubungan antara bahasa dan perilaku yang dapat digunakan untuk menciptakan jalinan pengertian antara pendidik dan peserta didik. Pendidik mengetahui bagaimana menggunakan bahasa yang positif untuk meningkatkan tindakan-tindakan positif yang merupakan faktor penting untuk merangsang otak. Pikiran dan budaya tidak dapat dipisahkan dan saling konstitutif, studi tentang bagaimana psikologis dan kecenderungan perilaku berakar dalam budaya mempengaruhi penanaman nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran yang dapat dipahami oleh peserta didik, jika pendekatan quantum memberi penekanan teori pada konsep psikologi melalui kajian neurolinguistik maka bahasa sebagai simbol atau identitas budaya adalah pendukung utama kontruksi pendidikan multikulturalKata Kunci: pendidikan multikultural, pendekatan quantum, pembelajaran
Konsep Link and Macth pada Lembaga Pendidikan Islam menuju Masyarakat Industri Modern
Authors: Potiua Sulfa
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan pada dasarnya merupakan sesuatu yang kongkret, spontan, dan tidak direncanakan tetapi langsung berhubungan dengan keperluan hidup. Dengan kata lain, dalam situasi yang belum mengenal sistem sekolah, sifat pendidikan pada dasarnya bersifat linked and macthed. Link and Macth dipopulerkan oleh Mendikbud Wardiman Joyonegoro pada tahun 1990-an. Pada era Wardiman ini, Link and Macth betul-betul menjadi mantra di setiap diskusi pendidikan. Tidak mengutip dua kata itu, berarti tak tahu dunia pendidikan. Sehingga konsep link and macth terus menerus menjadi inti dari dunia pendidikan. Problema pendidikan waktu itu dan hingga kini adalah tak adanya keberkaitan dan keberpadanan dengan dunia kerja.Kata Kunci: link and match, lembaga pendidikan, masyarakat modernpendidikan pada dasarnya merupakan sesuatu yang kongkret, spontan, dan tidak direncanakan tetapi langsung berhubungan dengan keperluan hidup. Dengan kata lain, dalam situasi yang belum mengenal sistem sekolah, sifat pendidikan pada dasarnya bersifat linked and macthed. Link and Macth dipopulerkan oleh Mendikbud Wardiman Joyonegoro pada tahun 1990-an. Pada era Wardiman ini, Link and Macth betul-betul menjadi mantra di setiap diskusi pendidikan. Tidak mengutip dua kata itu, berarti tak tahu dunia pendidikan. Sehingga konsep link and macth terus menerus menjadi inti dari dunia pendidikan. Problema pendidikan waktu itu dan hingga kini adalah tak adanya keberkaitan dan keberpadanan dengan dunia kerja.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Metode Pemberian Tugas Menganyam Kertas Dan Melipat Kertas
Authors: Utiarahman Trimurti
Published: September 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan metode pemberian tugas menganyam kertas dan melipat kertas (origami) yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus pada anak. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ialah anak taman kanak-kanak kelompok B Raudatul Athfal Al-Mujahidin Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara yang berjumlah 16 orang. Pelaksanaan tindakan dilaksanakan dalam siklus berulang yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan teknik kualitatif melalui tiga tahap yaitu reduksi data, paparan data, dan penyimpulan atau verifikasi data. Sedangkan, data kuantitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan tabel frekuensi dan persentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pemberian tugas menganyam kertas dan melipat kertas (origami) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak. Melalui pemberian tugas menganyam kertas dan melipat kertas (origami) ini motivasi belajar anak meningkat sehingga sangat mudah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak. Oleh karena itu, metode penugasan menganyam dan melipat kertas (origami) dapat dijadikan bahan dalam menyusun desain pembelajaran khususnya pada anak taman kanak-kanak kelompok B.  Kata Kunci: kemampuan motorik halus, anak, menganyam kertas, melipat kertas AbstractThe aim of this research was to describe the application of the method of giving task with floating and folding paper (origami) which could increase the children’s fine motor skills. This study was conducted by used a class action research design. This research subjects were the children of the kindergarten group B Raudatul Athfal Al-Mujahidin Tomohon, North Sulawesi, which amounts to 16 people. The implementation of the actions was carried out in a repetitive cycle which consisting of 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The type of data which used in this study were qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data were analyzed by using the qualitative techniques through three stages, namely data reduction, data exposure, and inference or data verification. Whereas, quantitative data were analyzed descriptively by using the frequency tables and percentages. The results showed that the method of giving task with floating and folding paper (origami) could increase the children's fine motor skills. Through giving the task of floating and folding paper (origami), the children’s learning motivation increased so it’s very easy to increasing the children's fine motor skills. Therefore, the method of giving task with floating and folding paper (origami) can be used as material in preparing the design of learning, especially in kindergarten children in group B.Keywords: fine motor skills, children, floating paper, folding paper
Hakekat, Dinamika Organisasi, Dan Fungsi Pemimpin Dan Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Julia Sari Indah Suci
Published: September 2019

AbstrakPada sebuah organisasi khususnya organisasi pendidikan Islam, tentu tidak terlepas dari dinamika organisasi. Setiap personil dalam organisasi pendidikan tentu tahu bahwa organisasi merupakan suatu ikatan atau entitas sosial dari individu-individu yang memiliki tujuan bersama. Maka, peran kepemimpinan dalam organisasi pendidikan Islam sangatlah penting dalam mengarahkan personil untuk mencapai visi-misi pendidikan.Menjadi seorang pemimpin dalam lembaga pendidikan Islam memanglah tidak mudah, selain harus memahami betul siapa dirinya dan siapa yang dipimpinnya, seorang pemimpin harus mengetahui fungsinya sebagai pemimpin, mengerti situasi dan kondisi yang sedang terjadi, berusaha dengan sungguh-sungguh, bekerjasama, memberikan penghargaan terhadap bawahan yang memiliki kinerja tinggi, tetap fokus pada tujuan yang akan dicapai. Semua dinamika dalam organisasi ini akan tetap dalam koridor kendali seorang pemimpin, jika pemimpin mampu memposisikan dirinya sebagai pemimpin, kapanpun dan di manapun.Kata kunci :     Kepemimpinan, Organisasi. AbstractIn organization, especially an Islamic educational organization, it certainly cannot be separated from the dynamics of the organization. Every personnel in an educational organization certainly knows that the organization is a bond or social entity of individuals who have a common goal. Thus, the leadership role in Islamic education organizations is very important in directing personnel to achieve the vision and mission of education.Being a leader in an Islamic educational institution is indeed not easy, in addition to having to fully understand who he is and who he leads, a leader must know his function as a leader, understand the situation and conditions that are happening, try earnestly, cooperate, give appreciation to subordinates who have high performance, stay focused on the goals to be achieved. All the dynamics in this organization will remain in the corridor of a leader's control, if the leader is able to position himself as a leader, whenever and whereverKeywords:        Leadership, Organization
Peningkatan Sumber Daya Manusia (Perspektif Pendidikan Islam)
Authors: Baba Mastang Ambo
Published: September 2019

Setiap kali bangsa dilanda krisis, pendidikan segera menjadi obyek sorotan. Mengapa bangsa menjadi begini dan begitu?  Apa yang telah dilaksanakan oleh pendidikan untuk bangsa ini? konsekwensi tersebut wajar dan harus diterima oleh pendidikan karena memang permasalahan ini sangat erat kaitannya dengan peranan pendidikan sebagai agen perubahan dan pembentukan masa depan bangsa. Pendidikan Islam memiliki karakteristik yang koheren pada berbagai komponennya, baik menyangkut filsafat, materi, maupun prosesnya. Sehingga, pendidikan Islam akan memberi solusi bagi pemecahan krisis yang dihadapi oleh bangsa dan umat, suatu kemampuan yang akan mempertegas fungsi reformatifnya dan perannya sebagai pembentuk masa depanKata Kunci: Pendidikan Islam, Sumber Daya Manusia, berkualitas
Menilik Dasar dan Orientasi Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Yusuf Nasruddin
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan Islam adalah suatu bagian dari Agama Islam itu sendiri, karena itu Pendidikan Islam tidak boleh lari dari makna Islam yang bertujuan mencari keberhasilan hidup rohani dan materi.  Olehnya, dasar yang dipakai dalam pendidikan Islam adalah argumen-argumen nas Al-Qur’an dan hadis yang memuat secara global ataupun rinci tentang pendidikan Islam. Selain itu digunakan pula ketentuan lain yang di dalam sejarah pendidikan Islam telah teruji substansinya. Pendidikan Islam memiliki dua orientasi pokok, yaitu pertama mengabdi kepada Allah selaku khaliq dan memahami dirinya sebagai khalifah di muka bumi. Orientasi ini berguna untuk mendesain keyakinan anak didik agar tetap terbingkai dalam nilai-nilai dan moralitas Islam. Kedua, mendidik dengan memahami adanya fitrah anak didik, pada batas ini maka tidak hanya materi pendidikan Islam saja yang urgen tetapi metode dan proses pembelajaran pun menjadi penting.Kata Kunci: Nilai, Dasar, Orientasi Pendidikan Agama Islam
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Pluralisme dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Ikmal Ikmal
Published: September 2019

Diktum Bhinneka Tunggal Ika hanya menjadi jargon penguasa belaka, belummenempati kesadaran kognitif masyarakat mayoritas, dan tidak diimplementasikan secara nyata dan tepat dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat sehari-hari. Berbagai konflik bernuansa SARA yang terjadi beberapa tahun silam, merupakan kegagalan bangsa Indonesia memahami pluralitas. Secara spesifik pendidikan juga dituding telah gagal memainkan perannya dalam menjalin keragaman melalui pembelajaran yang melampaui sekat-sekat agama. Pendidikan agama yang seharusnya dapat dijadikan sebagai wahana untuk mengembangkan moralitas universal yang ada dalam agama-agama sekaligus mengembangkan teologi inklusif dan pluralis, selama ini malah cenderung menampilkan wajahnya yang eksklusif dan dogmatis. Akibatnya, cita-cita luhur untuk mencapai masyarakat majemuk yang harmonis masih menjadiimpian.Keyword : Pluralisme-Agama-Pendidikan
Not Just Generalizability: A Case for Multifaceted Latent Trait Models in Teacher Observation Systems
Authors: Wind Stefanie A. , Jones Eli
Published: September 2019

Teacher evaluation systems often include classroom observations in which raters use rating scales to evaluate teachers’ effectiveness. Recently, researchers have promoted the use of multifaceted approaches to investigating reliability using Generalizability theory, instead of rater reliability statistics. Generalizability theory allows analysts to quantify the contribution of multiple sources of variance (e.g., raters and tasks) to measurement error. We used data from a teacher evaluation system to illustrate another multifaceted approach that provides additional indicators of the quality of observational systems. We show how analysts can use Many-Facet Rasch models to identify and control for differences in rater severity, identify idiosyncratic ratings associated with various facets, and evaluate rating scale functioning. We discuss implications for research and practice in teacher evaluation.
Мелкие млекопитающие на деревьях: результаты учетов животных в предгорной тайге Северного Урала
Authors: Бобрецов A. В. , Петров А. Н. , Быховец Н. М.
Published: September 2019

Приведены результаты изучения вертикальной активности мелких млекопитающих в пред-горной тайге Северного Урала (Печоро-Илычский заповедник). Установлено, что из 15 видов полевок и землероек древесный ярус леса используют всего три вида – Myodes rutilus, M. glareolus и редко Sorex caecutiens. Среди них чаще всего встречается красная полевка, единично – средняя бурозубка. Показано, что частота встречаемости красной полевки на деревьях положительно коррелирует с численностью этого вида на земле. Для рыжей полевки такая связь выражена слабо. Основной причиной древолазания полевок является поиск и потребление эпифитных лишайников. Красная полевка чаще поедает эти виды кормов, с чем и связана ее большая вертикальная активность.
Third-eye Rivalry
Authors: Gallagher Regan , Tsuchiya Naotsugu
Published: September 2019

We showcase an optical phenomenon that we call “Third-eye Rivalry”. The effect is most easily induced by viewing one’s own reflection in a mirror. Using the pupil of the opposing eye as a fixation target, people can easily cross their eyes in free-fusion to experience vivid rivalry. The resulting percept is of a prominent central “third” eye and two peripheral faces rivalling for perceptual dominance. We illustrate the process of achieving third-eye rivalry and discuss historical connotations of the third eye in scientific and mystical contexts.
Expectations affect physical causation judgments
Authors: Gerstenberg Tobias , Icard Thomas
Published: September 2019

When several causes contributed to an outcome, people often single out one as "the" cause. What explains this selection? Previous work has argued that people select abnormal events as causes, though recent work has shown that sometimes normal events are preferred over abnormal ones. Existing studies have relied on vignettes that commonly feature agents committing immoral acts. An important challenge to the thesis that norms permeate causal reasoning is that people's responses may merely reflect pragmatic or social reasoning rather than arising from causal cognition per se. We tested this hypothesis by asking whether the previously observed patterns of causal selection emerge in tasks that recruit participants' causal reasoning about physical systems. Strikingly, we found that the same patterns observed in vignette studies with intentional agents arise in visual animations of physical interactions. Our results demonstrate how deeply normative expectations affect causal cognition.
Ensuring the Spread of Referral Marketing Campaigns: A Quantitative Treatment
Authors: Gaurav Kumar , Ghosh Sayantari , Bhattacharya Saumik , Singh Yatindra Nath
Published: September 2019

In marketing world, social media is playing a crucial role nowadays. One of the most recent strategies that exploit socialcontacts for the purpose of marketing, is referral marketing, where a person shares information related to a particular productamong his/her social contacts. When this spreading of marketing information goes viral, the diffusion process looks like anepidemic spread. In this work, we perform a systematic study with a goal to device a methodology for using the huge amount ofsurvey data available to understand customer behaviour from a more mathematical and quantitative perspective. We performan unsupervised natural language processing based analysis of the responses of a recent survey focusing on referral marketingto correlate the customers’ psychology with transitional dynamics, and investigate some major determinants that regulate thediffusion of a campaign. In addition to natural language processing for topic modeling, detailed differential equation basedanalysis and graph theoretical treatment, experiments have been performed for generation of a recommendation network tounderstand the diffusion dynamics in homogeneous as well as heterogeneous population. A complete mathematical treatmentwith analysis over real social networks can help us to determine key customer motivations and their impacts on a marketingstrategy, which are important to ensure an effective spread of a designed marketing campaign. Pointing out possibilities ofextending these studies to game theoretic modeling, we prescribe a new quantitative framework that can find its application toall areas of social dynamics, beyond the field of marketing.
Ablación endometrial: Tipos, técnicas y evidencias de su utilidad. revisión de la literatura
Authors: Rodríguez Daza Henry Octavio , Miranda Ángel David , Ruiz Aguilar Luis Alberto
Published: September 2019

Endometrial ablation was introduced as an alternative to hysterectomy in the management of menorrhagia, a very common and disabling problem, affecting the quality of life of women of reproductive age. It consists of removing or destroying the entire thickness of the endometrium, in order to achieve the oligo or amenorrhea. Two generations of techniques have been described: first-generation techniques eliminate the full thickness of the endometrium under direct visualization with electrosurgical instruments. The second generation depends on a device that is inserted into the uterine cavity and releases thermal energy to destroy the endometrium. Although they are procedures known worldwide, in our country there are few studies and the technique has not been widespread. The review of the literature about the state of the art of endometrial ablation techniques is carried out, with an explanation, indications, complications and advantages. Strategies are proposed for future studies that may be useful in the practice of gynecology services in Colombia.
Sistema de utilización de medicamentos en pacientes de alto riesgo farmacológico: Reto de calidad
Authors: Escobar Espinosa Sandra Beatriz , Moreno de Santacruz Rocío , Rivera Romero Nathaly
Published: September 2019

The system of medication use (SUM) is composed of multiple processes where nurses, doctors and pharmacy personnel interact, with the former having the most responsibilities. This study sought to establish the prevalence and possible causes of errors in high-risk pharmacological patients in a highly complex hospital. Method: cross-sectional study with follow-up for three months to SUM, with a total of 318 adults; Compliance was reviewed in formulating, delivering, preparing and administering medications. The data were obtained by observation in the field and review of medical records. Results: the overall prevalence of error for every 100 doses / patients throughout the SUM was 5% or more in 95% of cases. Of the total reported errors, 1.89% came to cause harm to the patient. The morning and weekend shifts, the less than six months' experience of the nursing staff and the hospital stay longer than ten days were situations with greater prevalence. Conclusion: the higher prevalence of errors in patients with high pharmacological risk suggests greater difficulty in the management of medications in these cases. Improvement strategies must be aligned with the institutional context and be specific for this group of patients. Abbreviations: SUM, medication use system.
Manejo de aneurismas intracraneales con stent redireccionador de flujo. Hospital infantil universitario de San José, Bogotá DC
Authors: Lobelo Nelson , García Juan Pablo , Jaimes Luisa Fernanda , Vallejo José Fernando , Barragán Diego
Published: September 2019

The high morbidity and mortality in intracranial aneurysms requires rapid identification of alarm symptoms and timely treatment in case of rupture. Hence the importance of diagnostic images to identify patients at risk and define endovascular or surgical management. We reviewed the criteria for the use of the flow redirecting stent in intracranial aneurysms, an endovascular method that reduces comorbidities, surgical time and hospital stay. Retrospective descriptive study from 2010 to 2012 of seven cases. Complications are presented, with headache and thrombosis after the procedure being the most frequent. Endovascular treatment is safe, effective and innovative and therefore can be implemented and disseminated. Abbreviations: AI, intracranial aneurysm (s).
Gonablastoma bilateral en disgenesia gonadal pura o síndrome de swyer
Authors: Pérez Cristian J. , Blanco Vanessa , Rodríguez Andrés , Polo José Fernando
Published: September 2019

Pure gonadal dysgenesis or Swyer's syndrome is a genetic disorder of the sex chromosomes characterized by being patients with a female phenotype but with genotype XY, absence of functional gonadal tissue that prevents the formation of the antimüllerian hormone and normal formation of structures derived from the duct Müller. This can occur by mutations of different genes such as SRY of the Y chromosome, important in the process of sexual determination or as SOX-9 and WT-1, keys in the production of proteins involved in the same process. It courses with gonadadas acintadas, ambiguous structures that predispose to neoplasms such as dysgerminomas and gonadoblastomas. Bilateral gonadectomy is recommended as shown in a 16-year-old female phenotype and 46XY genotype.
Ataque isquémico transitorio: Incidencia de accidente cerebrovascular fatal: Seguimiento a seis meses
Authors: Palacios Sánchez Eduardo , Barreto Laura Milena
Published: September 2019

TIA (transient ischemic attack) is considered a predictor of stroke. The six-month follow-up showed a risk close to 10%. They are two spectra of ischemic cerebrovascular disease with a high impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: to evaluate the incidence of stroke in patients with AIT hospitalized in two institutions with follow-up at 180 days. Methodology: cohort study, the AIT was defined by history and clinical examination, excluding the infarction by neuroimaging. The risk of stroke with the ABCD2 scale was evaluated, documenting it by neuroimaging. Results: 85 cases were admitted (April 2012 / April 2013). Average age 68.1 years (SD 13.5), 62.4% women. The most frequent risk factors were HBP (69.4%), dyslipidemia (56.4%), smoking (31.1%) and history of stroke (18.8%). 24.6% presented ACV (n: 19), with two deaths (2.4%). ABCD2 ≥ 5 was a predictor of stroke, HR 4.7 [95% CI 1.1-20.7]. Among patients with a previous history of stroke, half of them repeated the event (8/16), HR 2.2 [95% CI 0.81-6.1]. Conclusion: there is a high incidence of stroke after TIA. Studies with larger sample are required. Abbreviations: TIA, transient ischemic attack; ACV, stroke; Hypertension, arterial hypertension.
Analgésicos opioides en pacientes hospitalizados: Hospital de San Jpsé de Bogotá DC, Colombia
Authors: Buitrago Claudia Liliana , Rodríguez Carlos Hernán , Ibarra Nestor Alfredo , Velásquez Andrés Felipe , Molina Bilena Margarita
Published: September 2019

Opioid analgesics are essential for the control of moderate to severe pain, which is a quality parameter in hospital care. Objective: to describe the use and indication of opioid analgesics in the hospitalized population of the San José Hospital in Bogotá DC in February 2014. Materials and methods: a retrospective study of drug use (MUS) in 559 patients over 16 years of age, measuring doses hospital defined (DDD / DHD) and opioid distribution pattern according to specialty, ICD10 diagnosis, use of validated pain assessment tools, opioid concomitance and interconsultation to the pain unit. Results: the main reasons for hospitalization were non-oncological and oncological surgical pathology with 73.7% and 8.4%. The most commonly used opioid was tramadol with 15.4 DDD / 100 beds / day. The consumption of morphine and parenteral hydromorphone is low with 2 and 1.3 DDD / 100 beds / day. Of the strong opioids, morphine is the most widely used, with general surgery, hematology and orthopedics being the main prescribers with 27.4%, 20.4% and 20.4%. The distribution of morphine in the population groups of each specialty is heterogeneous, presenting greater use in hematological patients with 39.1%. The scales of pain assessment at hospital admission and discharge were used in 48.6% and 5.1%. Conclusion: Institutional pain management guidelines should be strengthened. There is little adherence to the use of pain scales as a parameter of follow-up of analgesic therapy. Educational strategies will be created for the adequate management of pain.
Frecuencia de virus del papiloma humano en atipia de células escamosas de significado infeterminado: Serie de casos
Authors: Pérez Carlos H. , De Amaya Miryam P. , López Astrid C. , Delgado Adriana , Plata Silvia M.
Published: September 2019

Cervical cancer results from persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Global health policies are based on screening programs to reduce the incidence of cancer. Tests have been implemented to detect HPV and thus clarify ambiguous cytomorphological reports such as squamous cell atypia of undetermined significance (ASC-US), to optimize the management of these cytological results. Objectives: to establish the frequency of high risk HPV by means of molecular test in women diagnosed with ASC-US by conventional cytology in the Hospital of San José de Bogotá DC. Methods: series of cases with conventional cytology, colposcopy and HPV test, followed up at six months. Results: of 121 patients, 16% had ASC-US diagnosis and in 15% of these, the high-risk HPV test was positive. Conclusions: the frequency of HPV in cases with ASCUS was 15%, comparable with that reported in the literature, and in the entire sample, HPV was 11.5%. Of the risk factors, no relationship was found with early onset of sexual relations and the number of sexual partners. Abbreviations: HPV, human papillomavirus; ASC-US, atypia of squamous cells of undetermined significance: BR, low risk; AR; high risk.
Síndrome de apnea hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño en paciente con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico
Authors: Palacios Eduardo , Reyes Marco Aurelio , Vega Natalia , Mejía Diana
Published: September 2019

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is considered a risk factor for stroke, which is the second cause of death worldwide and the first cause of disability. Objective: to describe the prevalence of suspicion of OSAHS by Epwhort scale and increase of cervical circumference in patients with ischemic stroke in the hospitals of San José and Infantile University of San José, of Bogotá DC, from October 2013 to September 30 of 2014. Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study with chosen population with diagnosis of ischemic stroke. Results: 125 patients with an average age of 69 years (SD 15.0) and a male / female ratio of 1: 1. Antecedent of SAHOS 1.6% (n: 2). By Epworth 57% (n: 63/109) they had suspicion of OSAHS, men 60.3% (n: 35). The median for Epworth was 10 (RIQ 7-12). Cervical circumference> 43 cm in men 8.6% (n: 5) and in women> 40 cm in 28% (n: 14). 30% (19/62) of ACV had suspected OSAHS by Epworth and cervical circumference. Men with Epworth (8-15), had cervical circumference increased 14% (5/35) and women 51.9% (14/27). In-hospital mortality was 9.7% (n: 12). Conclusion: it was found that more than half had suspicion of mild OSAHS due to Epworth. There was a higher prevalence of cervical obesity in women and a third had suspicion of OSAHS by both criteria, which confirms the importance of routinely exploring these indicators. Abbreviations: ACV, stroke; SAHOS, hypopnea sleep apnea syndrome.
Citología convencional y en base líquida en muestra compartida de tomas cervicouterinas
Authors: Puerto de Amaya Miryam , Moreno-Acosta Pablo , Mora Martha
Published: September 2019

Objective: to standardize the liquid based cytology technique by using the fixative medium (BDSUREPAth) and cytocentrifuge and to identify the possible advantages over conventional cytology in a shared sample of cervical shots. Methods: 92 samples of women who attended the social projection program campaigns of the University Foundation of Health Sciences, Bogotá DC, Colombia, were included. Results: of the 92 samples, 89 were negative for conventional cytology and 75 for liquid base, with a greater number of cases with squamous cell abnormalities in liquid based cytology. Conclusions: the squamous cells maintain their cytoplasmic tonality being basophilic or acidophilic, conserving the translucent of the cytoplasm; the glandular cells preserve their honeycombed or palisade pattern. By means of liquid based cytology, cleaner funds are obtained, the epithelial cell atypia were easier to identify as well as the pathogenic microorganisms. Abbreviations: HPV, human papillomavirus; ASC-US, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.
Linfoma de células T asociado con enteropatía tipo II
Authors: Pérez H. Cristian J. , Castro Paula , Polo José Fernando , López Patricia , Yaspe Edgardo
Published: September 2019

T-cell lymphoma associated with type II enteropathy is a rare variant of peripheral T, which can be located in the small intestine and has specific immunophenotypic characteristics. The present study reports the case of a 46-year-old man with no medical history who presented perforation of the small intestine with subsequent diagnosis by histopathology of a T-cell lymphoma associated with type II enteropathy.
Manejo médico del onfalocele gigante con sulfadiazina de plata tópica
Authors: Camacho Jhon , Romero Héctor , Muñetones Néstor , Navarro Sandra
Published: September 2019

The omphalocele is a congenital defect of the abdominal wall, of infrequent presentation, that can be associated with another type of genetic malformations. The management is surgical and consists in the reduction of the herniated viscera to close the fascia and the skin, although the giant omphalocele represents a bigger problem due to the size of the defect, for which the primary closure must often be deferred. We present a newborn with prenatal diagnosis of giant omphalocele who underwent medical management with silver sulfadiazine to epithelize the sac with adequate success, managing to defer surgical management. Abbreviations: OG, giant omphalocele (s).
Heridas neoplásicas: Aspectos básicos del cuidado de enfermería
Authors: Vargas Emilce , Alfonso Ivonne , Solano Dora , Aguilar Marcela , Gómez Vanessa
Published: September 2019

Neoplastic wounds are related to the tumor and require a special and more careful approach for the different factors associated with cancer. Problems of difficult handling can be found such as bad odor, exudate, bleeding, pain, infection, visual appearance that causes low self-esteem and social isolation that leads to a marked deterioration in the quality of life of patients and their families. Objective: to determine what are the basic aspects of nursing care in neoplastic wounds. Materials and methods: this documentary review analyzes the epidemiology, classification, assessment instruments and current care interventions that the nursing professional should have when providing care to these patients. Conclusion: a multidisciplinary team is required for the management of neoplastic wounds. The problems or needs must be identified, according to this a personalized management plan will be designed and the interventions will be evaluated, generating a positive impact on the current and future lifestyle of the patient.
Carcinomas epiteliales del ovario de alto y bajo grado: Estado de Arte
Authors: Hernández Diana , González Yezid
Published: September 2019

Ovarian epithelial cancer in Colombia is the second cause of morbidity and mortality due to gynecological tumors after carcinoma of the cervix. It usually presents in advanced stages and survival is poor. Recent studies of clinical and molecular types have revealed new theories about carcinogenesis, proposing a dual model with tumors types I and II. This article seeks to expand and update the information on these new theories and deepen histopathological and molecular knowledge. For the review of the literature, a search strategy was structured using the terms ovarian carcinoma, tumors type I-II, KRAS, BRAF, p-53 (MeSH and not Mesh), which were articulated with Boolean operators in the following bases of data: pubmed, ebscohost, base, filtering the results by review articles.
Infección urinaria en pediatría
Authors: Ardila Margarita , Rojas Marcela , Santisteban Gina , Gamero Andrea , Torres Angélica
Published: September 2019

The infection of the urinary tract is a frequent pathology in children, so the general practitioner, the pediatrician and those involved in the diagnosis and management of the affected child are obliged to know the updates on the pathophysiological mechanism, diagnostic methods and current treatments. Emphasis is placed on prevention, the rational use of antibiotic therapy and the new therapeutic approaches that can be offered. Abbreviations: UTI, urinary tract infection; VUR, vesicoureteral reflux.
Cambios hemodinámicos por Doppler en fetos con retardo del crecimiento intrauterino de 26-34 semanas a 24 y 48 horas de la administración materna de Betametasona
Authors: Rojas José Luis , Rueda Carol Gisela , Rincón Alfredo , Coronado Oscar Gregorio
Published: September 2019

Objective: to identify changes in the pulsatility index (PI) of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries after applying betamethasone in patients with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) between 26 and 34 weeks. Methods: 22 patients hospitalized with single pregnancies between 26 and 34 weeks associated with IUGR, with indications of lung maturation who were not in labor, received complete maturation protocol, initial fetoplacental doppler sampling and at 24 and 48 hours. Results: 68.2% presented hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, 81.8% (n: 18) denied associated chronic disease, no major fetal abnormalities were documented or fetal infection was suspected. The average PI of the umbilical artery at admission was 1.62 (SD 0.41) and of the middle cerebral artery 1.97 (SD 0.61). In the 48-hour Doppler, IP changes were observed in the umbilical (p = 0.0079) and the middle cerebral (p = 0.0149), with respect to the baseline. Conclusions: in IUGR between weeks 26 and 34 there are variations with statistical significance of the IP in the umbilical and medial cerebral arteries Doppler that were not always associated with changes in the current Doppler staging and have no clinical importance. Associated gestational hypertension can be a confounding factor. Abbreviations: IP, pulsatility index: IUGR, delay in intrauterine growth.
Leucemia linfoide aguda y mal de pott: Respuesta paradójica al tratamiento antitbc
Authors: Gómez Carlos Hernando , Vargas Viviana , Alfonso Camilo Andrés , Vásquez Leonidas , Casas Claudia Patricia , Abello Virginia , Jiménez Adriana
Published: September 2019

Hombre de 58 años con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda llevado a trasplante de progenitores de sangre periférica de donante intrafamiliar. Requirió manejo inmunosupresor por presencia de enfermedad injerto contra huésped aguda y crónica. Consultó por dolor lumbar severo y en los exámenes se encontraron lesiones compatibles con espondilodiscitis L4-L5 y colecciones paravertebrales. Con sospecha de tuberculosis se inició tratamiento empírico, la evolución clínica inicial fue tórpida por persistencia de síntomas y compromiso neurológico progresivo, por lo cual se sospechó presencia de micobacterias atípicas vs resistentes. Se logró aislamiento de Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptible a la terapia instaurada. Se continuó esquema de tratamiento TBC con evolución clínica a la mejoría. Se interpretó como reacción paradójica a la terapia, pero con presencia de lesión renal en la que se confirmó recaída de la enfermedad hematológica. Abreviaturas: TBC, tuberculosis.
Epilepsia y embarazo
Authors: Palacio Eduardo , Cárdenas Karen
Published: September 2019

Epilepsy is the neurological entity that most often requires continuous treatment during pregnancy. The possible complications in the mother are reviewed, in which way the fetus and the teratogenic probability of the anticonvulsants can be affected. It is important to schedule the pregnancy to choose the right medication, with the crisis-free period being the most convenient. The doctor must first seek to control seizures during pregnancy and seek that the drug is the least teratogenic, since almost all anticonvulsants have harmful effects for the fetus. Valproic acid continues to be the highest risk to produce congenital malformations and cognitive disorders detectable in childhood. Other medications such as levetiracetam, lamotrigine, carbamazepine or phenytoin have been shown to be less toxic. Avoid polytherapy and administer folic acid to promote the normality of pregnancy and its product.
Relajación residual en la unidad de cuidado posanestésico
Authors: Reyes Luis Eduardo , Valencia Ana Ruth , Campo Carlos Andrés , Muñoz Luis Alfonso
Published: September 2019

The use of neuromuscular relaxants in clinical practice is becoming more frequent and indispensable in the anesthetic act and the intensive care unit. Although the neuromuscular blockers of both aminosteroids and benzylisoquinolines of last generation have minimal adverse effects, residual relaxation is a complication of considerable incidence associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Due to this we raised the importance of knowing the different methods of monitoring the neuromuscular block with its interpretation, emphasizing the monitoring with the train of four (TOF), the ratio between the first and the fourth response T4 / T1 (TOF RATIO) and prevention strategies for residual relaxation. Abbreviations: TOF, train of four; PORC, postoperative residual paralysis; RNMND, non-depolarizing neuromuscular relaxants; UCPA, postoperative care unit.
Complicaciones quirúrgicas de la circulación extracorpórea
Authors: Acuña Ivonne , Hennessey José María , Albornoz Jennifer Paola , González Lizeth Juranny
Published: September 2019

Introduction: extracorporeal circulation in cardiovascular surgery replaces cardiac and pulmonary function, which generates functional and systemic changes that expose the patient to complications. Objective: to determine the intra and postoperative in operated by cardiovascular surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study. We analyzed 139 clinical records of adults from January 2009 to June 2011. The variables analyzed were demographic, comorbidities, procedures performed, pump times and occlusion of the arterial line, myocardial protection used and hospital stay. The complications were analyzed with the statistical program stata. Results: the systems with greater complications were cardiac 79%, circulatory 50% and pulmonary 48%. The average age was 61 years, 64% were women. The most frequent antecedents were 81% arterial hypertension, 36% smoking and 35% dyslipidemia. There was evidence of 14% of intra-surgical complications and 86% postoperative complications. Conclusions: the use of extracorporeal circulation leads to greater postoperative complications. Those who presented arterial hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia were more predisposed to cardiac, circulatory and pulmonary complications, as well as those who had prolonged occlusion of the arterial and pump lines.
Mucocele esfenoidal en niña de siete años
Authors: Mencías Jimmy de Jesús , Guerra Ricardo Enrique , Villamor Perla , Rojas Carolina
Published: September 2019

The mucoceles of the sphenoid sinus represent 1 to 2% of all those of the paranasal sinuses. A total of 140 cases have been reported, 95% of which occurred in adults, and the youngest was 11 years old. The objective is to present our experience in a seven-year-old patient with a sphenoidal sinus mucocele. Signs and symptoms consisted of scarce purulent headache and rhinorrhea. Diagnosis was made by CT and MRI of paranasal sinuses, as well as by histopathological findings. The treatment consisted of an endoscopic approach. Early diagnosis is important to avoid permanent neurological deficit or visual and nervous alterations by neighborhood. The aetiology, manifestations and treatment of the sphenoid mucoceles were analyzed and the available medical literature is reviewed.
Enfermedad de creutzfeldt jakob: Hospital de San José, Bogotá D.C. Colombia
Authors: Triana Javier Darío , Pérez Rangel Andrés
Published: September 2019

It is estimated that the incidence of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (CJD) is about one case per million inhabitants and although it is rare in those who suffer catastrophic consequences, with signs that usually start as a demential picture progressive and irreversible that inevitably results in death. There is no specific treatment and the diagnosis despite the great scientific advances is still puzzling, since the performance of the available tests is not the best. Perhaps it is the anatomopathological study that establishes the diagnosis, but disposable instruments are required that condition important costs to the health services, in addition to the high risk of infection to the medical personnel involved in the procedure. Abbreviations: CJD, Creutzfeldt Jakob disease; NMR, nuclear, magnetic resonance; VTM, videotelemetry.
Changes in Electroencephalography Activity in Response to Power Mobility Training: A Pilot Project
Authors: Kenyon Lisa K. , Farris John P. , Aldrich Naomi J. , Usoro Joshua , Rhodes Samhita
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The purposes of this pilot project were to examine the impact of power mobility training on (1) electroencephalography (EEG) activity in children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) and (2) power mobility skill acquisition. Method: A single-subject A–B–A–B research design with a 5-week duration for each phase (20 wk total) was replicated across three participants with severe CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System Level V). Data related to the target behaviour, as represented by EEG activity, were collected each week. Power mobility skills were assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the Wheelchair Skills Checklist (WSC), and the Assessment of Learning Powered mobility use (ALP). Weekly power mobility training was provided during the intervention phases. EEG data were analyzed by means of three measurement metrics (power spectral density, mutual information, and transfer entropy). Results: All three participants demonstrated changes in activation in frontoparietal EEG recordings and clinically significant improvements in power mobility skill acquisition as measured by the COPM as well as by the ALP and WSC. Conclusions: Power mobility training appeared to affect both neuroplastic and skill acquisition. Combining the use of EEG with direct therapist-observation measurement tools may provide a more complete understanding of the impact of power mobility training on children with severe CP.
EMISSÃO DE CO2, ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E CARBONO ORGÂNICO TOTAL EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE PREPARO DO SOLO
Authors: Simon Carla da Penha , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Lacerda Elcio das Graça , Avancini Yago Soares , Rodrigues Tatiana Fiorotti , Simon Catia Aparecida
Published: September 2019

Objetivou-se quantificar o CO2,atributos químicos e físicos do solo são influenciados por diferentes manejos de preparo do solo. O Delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, sendo os tratamentos: Sistema de Plantio Direto (SPD), Cultivo Mínimo e Preparo Convencional (PC), e como referência: área de vegetação nativa (Mata), contando com seis repetições cada variável de estudo. Além da comparação por teste médias, foi realizada uma análise exploratória das leituras nos sistemas de preparo do solo, onde o CO2 foi traduzido graficamente num diagrama o box-plot. As variáveis avaliadas foram: CO2 obtido por meio de um analisador de gás infravermelho; os atributos físicos do solo: Densidade do solo (Ds), Volume Total de Poros (VTP), Macroporosidade (Ma), Microporosidade (Mi), Resistência a Penetração do solo (RPS) e o atributo químico: carbono orgânico total (COT). O fluxo CO2 do solo apresentou diferença significativa entre o SPD e o PC; valores médios encontrados para SPD, CM, Mata e PC foram 2,30; 2,25; 2,18; e 1,39 μmolCO2m−2 s−1, respectivamente; o COT apresentou seu maior valor na área de Mata (32,95 gkg-1) diferindo estatisticamente das demais áreas. Observou-se uma menor emissão de CO2 do solo no PC, pois o sistema apresenta baixo aporte de carbono orgânico.Palavras-chave: sistema de preparo convencional; cultivo mínimo; preparo convencional; carbono orgânico total. CO2 EMISSION, PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES AND TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON IN DIFFERENT SOIL PREPARATION SYSTEMS ABSTRACT: The objective was to quantify the CO2, chemical and physical attributes of the soil are influenced by different management of soil preparation. The experimental design was completely randomized, with the treatments: no-tillage (NT), minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT), and as reference:  native forest (NF), with six replicates each study variable. In addition to the mean test comparison, an exploratory analysis of the readings was performed in the soil preparation systems, where CO2 was graphically translated into a box-plot diagram. The variables evaluated were: CO2 obtained by means of a infrared gas analyzer; density (Bd), total pore volume (TPV), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), resistance to soil penetration (RSP) and chemical attribute: total organic carbon (TOC). The CO2 soil flux presented a significant difference between NT and CT; where respectively the mean values found for SPD, CM, Mata and PC were 2.30; 2.25; 2.18; and 1.39 μmolCO2m-2s-1; the COT had its highest value in the Mata area (32.95 gkg-1), differing statistically from the other areas. It was observed a lower CO2 emission of the soil in the PC, because the system has low input of organic carbon.Keywords: no-tillage; conventional tillage; minimum tillage; total organic carbon.