bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keadilan Sosial sebagai Perwujudan Demokrasi Pancasila
Authors: Sopiana Maya
Published: November 2021

Demokrasi bagi sebagian besar orang adalah suatu sistem untuk menghasilkan keputusan. Namun, demokrasi tidaklah sesimpel itu. Demokrasi merupakan sebuah tuntutan untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang rukun serta produktif di tengah perbedaan yang ada. Pancasila sebagai sebuah ideologi dan acuan sistem demokrasi di negara apabila hendak menjadi sesuatu yang ideal, maka dalam penyelenggaraannya harus berlandaskan demokrasi. Bukankah pemerintahaan yang demokrasi akan mencurahkan kebaikan pada rakyat secara keseluruhan. Pada dasarnya demokrasi melekat pada kebebasan dan partisipasi individu. Menggunakan kebebasan, hak hak sipil dan politik, merupakan bagian dari kehidupan yang melekat pada individu sebagai makhluk sosial. Partisipasi dalam kehidupan sosial dan politik mengandung nilai intrinsik bagi kehidupan manusia. Semua itu sejalan dengan cita cita Demokrasi Pancasila. Sebagian dari masyarakat Indonesia beranggapan bahwa demokrasi harus mengikuti model liberal seperti negara negara barat. Padahal,demokrasi harus disesuaikan dengan pribadi bangsa masing-masing. Sehingga, demokrasi yang dijalankan di Indonesia harus sesuai dengan falsafah hidup yang dijalankan bangsa kita, yaitu Pancasila. Oleh karena itu,diciptakan istilah khusus demokrasi bagi bangsa Indonesia yaitu Demokrasi Pancasila.
Differential expression of carbonic anhydrase 4 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase 4, CA4, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. CA4 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of CA4 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in patients with basal-like subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. CA4 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Major depression among men and women in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Omary Areen
Published: November 2021

A multidimensional index that measures the health status of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic has been developed. The COVID-19 Health Status Scale (CHSS), a combination of previously studied and newly created health status scales, assesses the physical, mental, and social well-being of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aimed to examine the differences between men and women in self-reported past major depressive disorder diagnosis during the COVID-19 lockdown in the United States using the CHSS self administered questionnaire. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling performed online through the SurveyMonkey Audience. The self-administered CHSS questionnaire has been pilot tested in an adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in the US. The study sample size included 173 participants aged 18 years and older. Results revealed that almost one-third of the study participants (31.2%) reported being diagnosed with past major depressive disorder, whereas 68.8% reported no past major depressive disorder diagnosis. The results of the estimated coefficients of the logistic regression analysis test showed that men were less likely to report major depression during the COVID-19 lockdown (Exp (B) = 0.45 for men; p < 0.05) than women. Although the results showed that almost two thirds of the participants reported no major depression diagnosis during the COVID-19 lockdown, the logistic regression analysis confirmed that the chances of men reporting major depressive disorder diagnosis were lesser than that of women and this difference was statistically significant.
Influences of hand action on the processing of symbolic numbers: a special role of pointing?
Authors: Ranzini Mariagrazia , Semenza Carlo , Zorzi Marco , Cutini Simone
Published: November 2021

Embodied and grounded cognition theories suggest that cognitive processes are built upon sensorimotor systems. In the context of studies on numerical cognition, interactions between number processing and the hand actions of reaching and grasping have been documented in skilled adults, thereby supporting embodied and grounded cognition accounts. The present study made use of the neurophysiological principle of neural adaptation applied to repetitive hand actions to test the hypothesis of a functional overlap between neurocognitive mechanisms of hand action and number processing. Participants performed repetitive grasping of an object, repetitive pointing, repetitive tapping, or passive viewing. Subsequently, they performed a symbolic number comparison task. Importantly, hand action and number comparison were functionally and temporally dissociated, thereby minimizing context-based effects. Results showed that executing the action of pointing slowed down the responses in number comparison. Moreover, the typical distance effect (faster responses for numbers far from the reference as compared to close ones) was not observed for small numbers after pointing, while it was enhanced by grasping. These findings confirm the functional link between hand action and number processing, and suggest new hypotheses on the role of pointing as a meaningful gesture in the development and embodiment of numerical skills.
Epistemology of Monolingual Bias: Contexts from a Tagalog Standpoint
Authors: Manalili Marie Adrienne Robles
Published: November 2021

How did monolingual bias emerge and why does it persist? What are the epistemologies concerning human language? How do language and languages develop? What do the terms monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual mean? What does “typical” language development entail? What constitutes “atypical” language development? To answer these questions, this paper foregrounds that language is a human cognitive skill for communication, and that Anglo-American and European notions of language diversity, monolingualism, bilingualism, and multilingualism disseminate monolingual bias. Monolingual bias extends to educational and clinical contexts where children from bi/multilingual households and/or communities face inappropriate scrutiny when language practitioners assess and support them based on normative monolingual expectations or standards. Monolingual bias is then linked to conceptual issues on “typical” and “atypical” language development. Ultimately, this paper attempts to explain why Anglo-American and European notions of bi/multilingualism are less relevant for most, if not all, of the world’s multilingual contexts, especially in the Philippines.
Open Developmental Science: An Overview and Annotated Reading List
Authors: Kalandadze Tamara , Hart Sara Ann
Published: November 2021

The increasing adoption of open science practices in the last decade has been changing the scientific landscape across fields. However, developmental science has been relatively slow in adopting open science practices. To address this issue, we followed the format of Crüwell et al., (2019) and created summaries and an annotated list of informative and actionable resources discussing ten topics in developmental science: Open science; Reproducibility and replication; Open data, materials and code; Open access; Preregistration; Registered reports; Replication; Incentives; Collaborative developmental science.This article offers researchers and students in developmental science a starting point for understanding how open science intersects with developmental science. After getting familiarized with this article, the developmental scientist should understand the core tenets of open and reproducible developmental science, and feel motivated to start applying open science practices in their workflow.
Hidden Clusters Beyond Ethnic Boundaries
Authors: Velilla Alejandro Pérez , Moser Cody James , Smaldino Paul E.
Published: November 2021

Hidden cluster problems can manifest when broad ethnic categories are used as proxies for cultural traits, especially when traits are assumed to encode cultural distances between groups. We suggest a granular understanding of cultural trait distributions within and between ethnic categories is fundamental to the interpretation of heritability estimates as well as general behavioral outcomes.
Smartphone and Flow
Authors: Pourafshari Razieh
Published: November 2021

Using Experience Sampling Method (ESM), we investigated the impacts of smartphone Interruptions on flow state - the experience of deep absorption to the task at hand- in different activities in students’ daily lives
Status signalling in the market for consumer goods
Authors: YU HAIMEI , Vul Edward
Published: November 2021

People are concerned with signalling their social status to others, and conspicuous consumption may be a prevalent means of signalling, such that purchasing decisions are motivated not only by the direct value of a product, but by the indirect value gained from what the product might communicate to others. Here we measure which products people might use as signals and ask how the signalling potential of products relates to the distribution of product offerings in the consumer goods market. In particular, we asked how the signalling potential of products influences the number, price, and dispersion of prices within and across department stores. Using data scraped from 11 department stores, we found that products with greater signalling potential are available in greater quantity, more expensive within a given store, and that more expensive stores stock more products with higher signalling potential, leading to greater global variance in prices for goods with greater signalling potential. Further, we use product visibility as an instrumental variable to estimate the causal effect of signalling potential on product offerings. Altogether, these results suggest that consumers demand to use visible goods as social signals, and being sensitive to this demand, suppliers of consumer goods position their product offerings to supply ample material for signalling via consumption.
The Evidential Value and Pitfalls of Extant Language Development Research Methods
Authors: Manalili Marie Adrienne Robles
Published: November 2021

Several research methods have been developed with an aim to uncover the underlying cognitive andneural mechanisms behind child language acquisition. While these methods continue to generatepromising empirical evidence, language researchers need to carefully examine the evidential valueand limitations of findings that were derived from these methods before building on them. Similarly,language practitioners (e.g., speech-language pathologists/therapists, teachers) need to be aware thatwhile these methods may form or resemble the foundations of language assessment and interventionpractices (Seiger-Gardner & Almodovar, 2017; Deevy, 2017), no single paradigm cancomprehensively account for the multifaceted nature of “typical” and “atypical” languagedevelopment that we see in real-world settings, especially in multilingual contexts. If such is the case,how can we utilise the evidence that these methods generate in practical and clinical settings? Toanswer this question, this paper reviews and evaluates select language acquisition research methodsbased on the following criteria: (1) ecological validity of stimuli, (2) sensitivity of cognitive-linguisticmeasure, (3) suitability of comparison groups, (4) procedural suitability, (5) precision of responseclassification, (6) communicative sense (Ambridge & Rowland, 2013), and (7) practical implications(e.g., evidential value for bi/multilingual populations and in practitioner settings).
Framing Responsible Drinking Messages in Nigeria: An Empirical Examination
Authors: Dumbili Emeka , Uwa-Robinson4 Kelechi , Odeigah Ogochukwu W.
Published: November 2021

Nigeria ranks first for per capita consumption and heavy episodic drinking prevalence in Africa. Yet, there are no alcohol policies, standard drinks measurements, or low-risk drinking guidelines in the country. We explored the awareness and understanding/interpretations of the alcohol industry-sponsored ‘‘drink responsibly’’ message (DRM) among Nigerian youths. Data were elicited through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, and we also observed product labels and industry websites. Undergraduate participants were aware of the DRM, but some out-of-school participants with low-level education did not know it existed. This is likely because the DRM is promoted in the English language without any indigenous language alternatives. It is embedded in conventional advertisements that glamorize drinking without stand-alone public health messages encouraging low-risk drinking behaviours. Participants shared divergent but subjective interpretations of the DRM, but none associated it with abstinence. Some associated the DRM with the ability to hold one’s drink, stating that it means: ‘drinks very well, but don’t get drunk’, and ‘drink to your satisfaction, but don’t misbehave’. Other interpretations included: ‘know your limit’ and ‘drink in moderation'. Alcohol companies in Nigeria redirect consumers to Drinkaware’s and DrinkIQ’s websites in the UK but use inconspicuous fonts to inscribe the DRM on product labels. By design, alcohol companies frame the DRM to promote drinking and individual responsibility. Thus, it engendered subjective interpretations, including high-risk drinking behaviours. Policymakers should jettison self-regulation, implement alcohol policies and introduce low-risk drinking guidelines to encourage low-risk drinking. Also, Drinkaware’s and DrinkIQ’s websites should be avoided. To be effective, all RDMs should include the indigenous language versions.
Happy = Human: A Feeling of Belonging Modulates the “Expression-to-Mind” Effect
Authors: Saito Toshiki , Almaraz Steven , Hugenberg Kurt
Published: November 2021

Past research has demonstrated a link between facial expressions and mind perception, yet why expressions, especially happy expressions, influence mind attribution remains unclear. Conducting four studies, we addressed this issue. In Study 1, we investigated whether the valence or behavioral intention (i.e., approach or avoidance) implied by different emotions affected the minds ascribed to expressers. Happy (positive valence and approach intention) targets were ascribed more sophisticated minds than were targets displaying neutral, angry (negative-approach), or fearful (negative-avoidance) expressions, suggesting emotional valence was relevant to mind attribution but apparent behavioral intentions were not. We replicated this effect using both Black and White targets (Study 2) and another face database (Study 3). In Study 4, we conducted path analyses to examine attractiveness and expectations of social acceptance as potential mediators of the effect. Our findings suggest that signals of social acceptance are crucial to the effect emotional expressions have on mind perception.
Problematic Smartphone Use in Iran
Authors: Pourafshari Razieh
Published: November 2021

A link between psychopathology and PSU is investigated for the first time in large sample size in Iran
The unity hypothesis revisited: can the gender incongruent McGurk effect be disrupted by priming?
Authors: Ma Kennis , schnupp jan
Published: November 2021

The “unity assumption hypothesis” contends that higher-level factors, such as a perceiver’s belief and prior experience, modulate multisensory integration. The McGurk illusion exemplifies such integration. When a visual velar /ga/ is dubbed with an auditory bilabial /ba/, listeners unify the discrepant signals with knowledge that open lips cannot produce /ba/ and a fusion percept /da/ is perceived. Previous research claimed to have falsified this theory by demonstrating the McGurk effect occurs even when a face is dubbed with a gender incongruent voice. But perhaps stronger evidence than just an apparent incongruence between unfamiliar faces and voices is needed to prevent perceptual unity. Here we investigated whether the McGurk illusion with gender incongruent stimuli can be disrupted by priming with appropriate pairing of face and voice. In an online experiment, 89 participants aged 18-62, were randomly allocated to experience experimental trials containing either a male or female face with incongruent gender voice. The number of times participants experienced a McGurk illusion was measured before and after a training block which familiarized them with the true pairings of face and voice. After training and priming, the susceptibility to the McGurk effects decreased significantly on average. The findings support the notion that unity assumptions modulate intersensory bias, and confirm and extend previous studies using gender incongruous McGurk stimuli.
Policy making e apprendimento di capacità politiche della società civile. Il terzo settore nella riforma lombarda dell’assistenza
Authors: Vitale Tommaso
Published: November 2021

After a period of general fervour for social capital, civil society and NGOs’ involvement, current literature is more cautious, trying to test the outcomes of networks’ participation on the quality of democracy. Third Sector political capabilities for voice, negotiation, lobbying and campaigning are very important variables. The article focuses on the formation of these capabilities in a contentious process of policymaking. Starting on a case study in the Lombardy Region, it shows how conditions, mechanisms and processes of Third Sector engagements play a role in the learning and gradual change of political capabilities. Particularly, it stresses the relevance of deliberative arenas for third sector coordination and reflexivity. Looking at the political outcomes in the implementation of the Social Care Reform at the Regional level, the article formulates a hypothesis about the policy dependency of Third Sector legitimate power.
Une évaluation de l’effet du crédit d’impôt pour prolongation de carrière sur l’emploi et le taux d’activité des travailleurs de 60 ans et plus au Québec
Authors: Cousineau Jean-Michel , Tircher Pierre
Published: November 2021

En 2012, le gouvernement du Québec, à l’instar de la Suède et de l’Australie qui l’avaient précédé, mettait en place le Crédit d’impôt pour les travailleurs d’expérience afin d’inciter les travailleurs âgés à demeurer ou à revenir sur le marché du travail. Ce programme est devenu le Crédit d’impôt pour prolongation de carrière (CIPC) en 2019. Le présent article évalue l’effet de ce crédit d’impôt sur le taux d’activité et d’emploi des travailleurs âgés par la méthode des différences dans les différences, en s’appuyant sur les microdonnées à grande diffusion de l’ Enquête sur la population active de Statistique Canada et en prenant l’Ontario comme groupe de référence. L’analyse probit indique un effet positif et significatif du CIPC sur la probabilité d’emploi ou d’activité dans la plupart des sous-groupes d’âge et de sexe des personnes de 60 ans et plus. Au total, sur la période de 2012 à 2019, les auteurs estiment que cette politique a contribué à maintenir ou à combler un peu moins de 27 000 emplois en moyenne par année chez les 60 ans et plus, à un coût annuel moyen de 4 800 $ par emploi, ce qui place le Québec dans une position avantageuse par rapport à des pays qui ont adopté des politiques semblables. Ainsi, un programme qui cible les classes d’âge et de revenu peut améliorer significativement la performance de cet outil fiscal.
Global convergence of new three terms conjugate gradient for unconstrained optimization
Authors: Anwer Mustafa Ahmed , Gazi Shareef Salah
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a new formula of 𝛽𝑘 is suggested for the conjugate gradient method of solving unconstrained optimization problems based on three terms and step size of cubic. Our new proposed CG method has descent condition, sufficient descent condition, conjugacy condition, and global convergence properties. Numerical comparisons with two standard conjugate gradient algorithms show that this algorithm is very effective depending on the number of iterations and the number of functions evaluated.
Intravenous albumin for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and renal dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis-short review
Authors: Stoian Marilena
Published: November 2021

Current clinical guidelines for albumin use in decompensated cirrhosis recommend the use of intravenous albumin infusions for management of ascites-related symptoms and paracentesis (removal of ascitic fluid) and for the management of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), renal dysfunction and variceal bleeding. Routine albumin use is not recommended for the management of non-SBP infections. The aim of this review is to improve our understanding of the effects of albumin use in cirrhosis by reviewing the currently available and quantifying the effectiveness of intravenous albumin therapy to prevent specific cirrhosis complications, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and renal dysfunction. Long-term albumin administration to patients with decompensated cirrhosis improves survival, prevents complications, eases the management of ascites and reduces hospitalizations, thus being cost-effective. However, variant results indicate that further investigations are needed, aiming at confirming the beneficial effects of albumin, clarifying its optimal dosage and administration schedule and identify patients who would benefit most from long-term albumin administration.
Healing Testimonial of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Kamath Vivek
Published: November 2021

51 Years old Patient from Dubai approached us for Liver Cirrohsis healing. It was extremely difficulty case to save the patient. Hepatologist recommended him for liver tranplant surgery.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism and Pulmonary Fibrosis due to H1N1 Pneumonia with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome :: Not ALL is COVID
Authors: Desai Unnati , Bharmal Ramesh , M Dharani , Utpat Ketaki , Pal Vinod L. , Joshi Jyotsna M
Published: November 2021

Novel influenza A H1N1 virus (pH1N1) was the predominant strain in the 2009 pandemic. It continues to circulate along with other influenza strains in the post pandemic era. This new virus is nevertheless well known for its strong association with high cardiovascular mortality and a high propensity to preferentially affect young and otherwise healthy adults, resulting in a clustering of severe and even fatal cases in patients of the productive age group. H1N1 infection is a multifaceted disease. It affects the lung parenchyma as well as the pulmonary vasculature. It also affects the multisystemic vasculature and can cause other embolic events not strictly falling in the “usual” thrombotic category. We herein present a case of H1N1 influenza pneumonia induced severe ARDS with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and pulmonary fibrosis.
Why Patients with Chronic Gastritis Do Not Get Better with The Prescription Drugs Nowadays?
Authors: Wei Ling Huang
Published: November 2021

In the daily practice of the author, she usually sees that patients can complain of chronic stomach pain and who is using drugs prescribed by their specialists and they still not able to improve their symptom. This answer may be hard to do even by the specialists in the field. In the article written by Talley et el. (2001) entitled Indigestion: When is it functional? Talley is saying that physicians should advice the patient that functional dyspepsia never leads to cancer
Fasting Gastrointestinal Tract: Changes in Structure, Functions and Microbiota Milieu
Authors: Gupta PD
Published: November 2021

Short and Intermittent fasting brings many structural and functional changes in the GI tract.Now it has been shown that changes are beneficial in terms of postponing the onset of NCDs prolonging the healthage,That might be the reason for Ancient Indian saints todo fasting. These benefits have been described in a series of research papers by us and others. Change in microbiota due to fasting is a recent addition which explains the mechanism of many physiological processes taking place during fasting.Two other parameters namely, effect of long and short term fasting and.sexual dimorphism on microbiota also dealt with in this review.
Radiologic Findings of Splenic Abscess: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: M.B Sule , A.U Umar , I.H Gele , M.M Ribah , A.Z Aliyu
Published: November 2021

Splenic abscess is a very rare entity with an incidence of about 0.14-0.7% in autopsy studies. Splenic abscess has been reported to have a mortality rate of about47%, it has various causes but usually associated with trauma and infections of the spleen. We report two cases of splenic abscess; a child with post traumatic cause and a middle aged lady with an unknown cause. Both cases were diagnosed of having the abscess following imaging; the first case had abdominopelvic ultrasound that showed an abscess cavity with a volume of about 11mls and subsequently resolved following medical treatment with intravenous antimicrobial agents. The second case however had an abdominopelvic computed tomography scan that showed a huge splenic abscess with a volume of about 1400mls; she had a successful splenectomy. We report the radiologic findings of these cases due to the rare nature of splenic abscess as reported in the literature.
Tirzepatide: A Useful Addition for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Mikhail Nasser
Published: November 2021

Background: Tirzepatide is a dual receptor agonist of the 2 incretin hormones: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) which is currently under development. Objective: To clarify the potential role of tirzepatide for treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Methods: Pubmed search until August 5th, 2021. Search terms were GLP-1, GIP, incretins, tirzepatide, efficacy, safety. Clinical trials and pertinent reviews were included. Results: In one phase 3 clinical trial, mean reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with tirzepatide (5-15 mg/week) was -1.87 to -2.07% versus + 0.04% with placebo after 40 weeks. In another phase 3 randomized trial, tirzepatide decreased HbA1c levels by -2.01% to -2.3% versus -1.86% with semaglutide (1.0 mg/week) (P<0.0001). In the previous 2 studies, tirzepatide use was associated with dose-related mean weight loss at 40 weeks of -7.0 kg o -9.5 kg vs -0.7 kg with placebo (P<0.0001) and -7.6 kg to -11.2 kg vs -5.7 kg with semaglutide ((P<0.001). Tirzepatide had generally favorable effects on lipid profile, particularly on lowering serum triglyceride levels: -19% to -24.8% mean reduction compared with -11.5% with semaglutide. Gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects were the commonest reported symptoms associated with tirzepatide use and occurred more frequently than with placebo and semaglutide. Hypoglycemia was reported more coomonly with high-dose terzipatide (1.7%) compared with semaglutide (0.4%). Drug discontinuation rates due to adverse effects were 6-8.5 % with tirzepatide vs 4.1% with semaglutide. Conclusions: Available data from 2 short-term randomized trials suggest that tirzepatide may be more effective than placebo and the GLP-1 agonist semaglutide in reducing HbA1c levels and body weight. Pattern of safety profile of tirzepatide is similar to that of GLP-1 agonists, but frequency of GI adverse effects and hypoglycemia is more common with tirzepatide.
Flax Seed
Authors: Alp Hayriye
Published: November 2021

Flax sed also known as flax oil and linseed oil, is derived from the seeds of the plant Linium usitatissimum. Flax seed oil is a very rich source of alpha-linolenic acid. Alpha-linolenic acid concentration in flaxseed oil ranges from approximately 40 to 60%.lower amounts of linoleic acid and oleic acid (each about 15%) are also present in flaxseed oil.ın addition, flaxseed contains varying amounts of the lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG).
Mediastinal Goiter Operated as Trans Clavicular Access as Adjunct to Cervical Incision
Authors: Gagliano Ettore , Querci Antonio , Domenica Paparo , Pontin Alessandro , Caruso Ettore , Damiano Cristina , Pin Antonella
Published: November 2021

There are cases in which resection of cervico-mediastinal goitres requires additional thoracic access as an adjunct to standard transverse cervicotomy, and typically this takes the form of sternotomy or thoracotomy. The authors propose transclavicular access as an alternative to thoracotomy or sternotomy access for the removal of such goitres. This technical variant is performed by means of resection of the middle third of the clavicle and extraperiosteal disarticulation. They report a case of cervico mediastinal or “plunged” goitre associated with mediastinal metastasis from a follicular thyroid carcinoma in a 77-year-old woman, in whom this technical variant was used. They conclude by stressing the greater effectiveness, ease of execution and relatively limited “aggressiveness” of the technique in comparison with other ways of reaching the mediastinum. The variant proves effective in solving a number of technical, functional and aesthetic problems.
Combined graft surgery technique in the management of late endovascular aneurysm repair type III endoleak. A case report
Authors: Alşalaldeh Mohammad , Özcan Ali Vefa , Simşek Şafak
Published: November 2021

Recently, the endovascular approach in abdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA) management has become a more popular and alternative approach to open surgery, mainly when is achieved to proper patients that is more comfortable for both patient and surgeon. In this case, our patient developed Type III endoleak complication after 2 years of the Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedure and was treated by open surgery and combined graft technique.
Spontaneous Passage of a Long Nail through the Gastrointestinal Tract of a 2-year old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Kevin Emeka Chukwubuike
Published: November 2021

Swallowing of foreign body is a common problem in children. Although most foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract will pass spontaneously, passage of sharp and pointed object such as a long nail is unusual. We report a case of a 2-year old female who swallowed a 3-inch nail and passed the nail per rectum spontaneously without problems while preparations were being made for the removal of the nail. The rarity of this event makes it worthy of being reported.
Giant pelvic-perineal leiomyoma simulating a malignant lesion
Authors: Abdoulaye Bâ Papa , Gueye Doudou , Mbar Wade Thomas Marcel , Tendeng Jacques Noel , Lamine Diao Mohamed , Sankale Anne Aurore , Cissé Mamadou , Konaté Ibrahima
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Soft tissue tumors are benign or malignant lesions developing from connective tissue and its varieties. Case Report: A 35-year-old patient referred to us for management of a voluminous pelvic-perineal mass. The clinical and para clinical data were in favor of a malignant lesion. The treatment consisted of a wide excision of the tumor. The post-operative period was complicated by an anal incontinence needing a protective left iliac colostomy. A perinioraphy, sphincter refection, and re–establishment of the digestive continuity were performed later on. The cytological examination of the excised mass revealed a conclusive involute hyanilised leiomyoma. Conclusion: This contrast between the clinical, para clinical and histologic data in our patient confirm the diagnostic challenges of soft tissue tumors, hence the need for special technic to assure diagnostic certitude to avoid mutilating surgical approaches for a benign lesion.
A Prenatal Diagnosis and Repair of Spina Bifida
Authors: Mazur Lynnette , Bishop Danielle , Aijaz Najma
Published: November 2021

Before the 2011 Management of Meningomyelocele Study (MOMS) was published, the standard of care for SB was surgical closure of the defect shortly after birth. The MOMS trial showed that prenatal repair could limit damage to exposed spinal contents, arrest spinal fluid leakage, reverse hindbrain herniation, and improve fetal outcomes. Repair,usually between 19 and 25 weeks gestation is done by hysterotomy or a laparoscopic procedure
Caecal desmoid tumour – A rare tumour at uncommon location and review of literature
Authors: Dahiya Divya , Abuji Kishore , Naik Anil , Jain Tanvi , Vaiphei Kim
Published: November 2021

A 49-year female presented to surgery outpatient clinic with the awareness of a right lower abdomen asymptomatic lump for one week. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated a 10x11x15cm heterogeneous lesion anterior to the ileocecal junction with the possibility of leiomyosarcoma. Patient was prepared for laparotomy and intraoperative there was a large tumour arising from the medial wall of cecum. Right hemicolectomy was performed, and histopathology came as a desmoid tumour of the cecum. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and is well on one year follow up.
Acute Hydrocephalus in an Adult Patient Secondary to Unruptured Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: S. Szewczyk Benjamin , Entezami Pouya , I. Tranmer Bruce
Published: November 2021

Acute hydrocephalus as a result of unruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare phenomenon in the adult population. Patients with AVMs typically present with hemorrhage, seizures, or focal neurologic deficits. Hydrocephalus may result from obstructing the native cerebrospinal fluid drainage by the malformation’s architecture. We report a previously healthy 32 year-old male who initially presented to an optometrist with blurry vision, visual obscurations, and papilledema. A large right frontal cerebral AVM with hydrocephalus and papilledema was confirmed by MRI. Unfortunately localized lesions may result in hydrocephalus as a rare presentation in unruptured AVMs.
Wilkie’s Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Schraibman Vladimir , Gabrielle Epstein Marina , Maccapani Gabriel , Milan Sapuppo Franco , Fernandes Marilia
Published: November 2021

Superior Mesenteric Artery or Wilkie Syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction and results from compression of the third portion of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery and the aortic artery.
Foreign Body Granuloma
Authors: Agarwal Pooja
Published: November 2021

Penetration of foreign bodies may present a diagnostic challenge to the surgeon. The foreign body granuloma is a biological response of tissue to any foreign body in the tissue. The pathway of arriving to the diagnosis of foreign body granuloma becomes diﬃcult when patient presents with non speciﬁc symptoms such as pain/ swelling, and in history- no recollection of previous trauma. It can be of two types- a) Iatrogenic gossypiboma by retained surgical sponge intra-operatively b) Granulation by a penetrating foreign body such as wooden splinter or other materials. -The most frequent reported injury is to hand, thigh, knee and feet; these may be limited to soft tissue of may be intra articular. The time and type of presentation varies according to the immune status of the individual. In cases, where history of trauma is uncertain, the presentation is very late and the radiographic appearance may be confusing - Median time of presentation: 4 months to 20 years
Stab Brain Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Kamalifar Amir , Salehpoor Firooz , Mirzaii Farhad , Kamalifar Samar
Published: November 2021

Penetrating foreign object rare cause of brain injury, and have high mortality and morbidity rate among traumatic brain injury, surgery and management of this patient challenged and need high experience health care system, we introduced 29 years old man admitted with stab brain injury to emergency department
Lateral Plantar Arch Reconstruction Using Vascularized Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap
Authors: M Shet Srivatsa , Joseph Subin , Kalathinga Kader , Koyappathody Hafiz Muhammed , Samantaray Srikant Aruna , Latheef Sameer
Published: November 2021

A Sixteen-year-old male had a road traffic accident resulting in crush and loss of lateral two metatarsals of the left foot. The Lateral plantar arch was reconstructed with a vascularized fibula osteocutaneous flap. Flap survived and partial weight-bearing was started by 3 months and full weight-bearing was started 6-months post-surgery. At a 16-month follow-up patient had a normal gait and integrity of the lateral plantar arch was maintained. Vascularized fibula osteocutaneous flap is an excellent option for one-stage reconstruction of the lateral arch of the foot and gives satisfactory results in terms of functions of foot and in avoiding long-term morbidity.
Tactics Optimization of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Area of Bifurcation of the Anterior Descending Artery By Means Of Cardiography from the Coronary Sinus
Authors: Leonidovich Hevchenko Yury , Yuryevich Ermakov Dmitry , Yuryevna Vahrameeva Anastasia
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the possibilities of the method of cardiography from the coronary sinus (ECG-CS) in optimization of stenting bifurcation lesions (BL) of coronary arteries (CA). Materials and Methods: 43 patients with stable CHD with pseudo-BL of the anterior descending artery (ADA) were included in this investigation. We placed a 10-canal electrode into their coronary sinus at the beginning of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Ischemic guidance was done with the WorkMate electrophysiological recording system. Results: In 11 patients (25%) out of 43 with CHD, the diagonal branch (DB) comprometation and ischemia dynamics (p<0.05) in intracardiac lead (CS 3-4) after ADA stenting were discovered according to ECG-CS. Nine patients (20.9%) underwent successful provisional-T-stenting, while a second stent was required for the other 2 patients. Conclusion: ECG-CS provides the possibility to optimize coronary intervention in the area of CA bifurcation.
Recent emerging gut Microbiome Management Modalities in Acute Diarrhea in Children: (a comparative study review of different probiotic strains). An Update. !
Authors: Hawal AMR I.M.
Published: November 2021

Aims & Objectives: Acute Diarrhea (AD) is a highly prevalent condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies include oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS), Antibiotics and Zinc Products. Emerging data suggest that Probiotics use in the treatment & control of AD cases in children may help supplement current therapies for further control. Methods Herein, we review the evidence of several Probiotics modalities for AD treatment. We describe the Clinical Impact & prevalence of Acute Diarrhea in children and its complications, provide an overview of current treatments, and finally, discuss recent emergent Gut approaches to AD management. Specifically, we will describe - in a Comparative study - on the utility of different kinds of Probiotics known & used and common natural products in the treatment of Acute cases of AD and focus on recent, high-quality studies. Adverse effects and potential interactions of each therapy will be highlighted where applicable.
Mind, Body, and Soul
Authors: Cusack Paul T E
Published: November 2021

In this paper we uses AT Math and electrical engineering equations to prove that the mind, body and soul evolved to match up with the universal signal. Questions as to whether there is a creator or not is mentioned as well as the nature of consciousness.
Importance from the Postgraduate Upping in Financial Administration Subjects for Health Educational Managers
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: November 2021

Background. The real available from economic resources determines the capacity from the Public Health and the Education to support their demanded services. In that way the postgraduate upping is very important and health educational managers continue needing a sufficient upping in financial management in rational terms across the taking decisions process since the Health Economy. Objective. To describe the importance from the postgraduate upping in financial administration subjects for health educational managers. Materials and methods. Were utilized the inductive – deductive and the comparative as theorical methods. As empiric method was utilized the bibliographic research. Results. Health educational managers are taking economic decisions constantly. The postgraduate forming in results optimization terms´ across the taking decision process must provide to health educational managers the strategies and methodologies scientifically supported for the best management process. Conclusions. Best use from the health educational institutions budget´s is a main necessity for respective managers. The role from the postgraduate education in this context is very important for the complementary upping for health educational managers.
Biblical Appointments for the COVID-19 Control
Authors: González Efraín Sánchez
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 focuses the international strategic for the Public Health. The absence of a definitive treatment had carried to adopt several measures to control it. The biblical law affording leprosy is showing a defined epidemiologic strategic to control this illness. This strategy is focused in the value of the self inquest, the importance from the scientific research, the useful from the social isolate, the hygiene role in the prevention and the gradual insertion into the society post illness. These elements are showing that the epidemiologic strategic contained in The Bible for the leprosy control is effectively applicable to the COVID-19 control
Photovoltaic Sun Energy Supporting the Health Services
Authors: Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: November 2021

Background. In Cuba all health services are covered by the fiscal resources. That’s why the Cuban government most takes heavy decisions to support the transportation and electrician services for health services. The majority from the electricity generated in Cuba is obtained by gross petroleum. Then, the health services and the patient’s satisfaction are close related to the importation of gross petroleum to support the electrician and the health services transportation demand. The use of photovoltaic sun energy contributes to reduce the electrician demand generated by fossil fuel, to reduce the importation of gross petroleum to generate electricity and the save in international currency obtained may be used to cover the importation costs related to transportation services for the health services. Objective. To value the use of photovoltaic sun energy to support the hospital services in Havana. Materials and methods. Was made a descriptive research about the benefits utilizing the photovoltaic sun energy to support the hospital services in Havana. As theorical methods were utilized the inductive – deductive, the comparative and the historical – logical. As empiric methods were used the document and bibliographic research and the arithmetic calculus. Results. If these hospitals considered should install 5000 photovoltaic cell, they should generate 236.25 MW during 350 days at year. This electricity represents the substitution of 65677.5 MT of this fossil fuel annually. Conclusions. Photovoltaic sun energy shows several benefits for developing countries in tropical zones as Cuba. The example showed before should be taken account in health systems of tropical countries as example to reduce the health services costs and increase the patient satisfaction too.
Postgraduate Education Strategy’s for the Smoking Control in Cuba
Authors: González Efraín Sánchez
Published: November 2021

Background: Smoking control is full important in Cuba. Cuban tobacco industry looks for the significant tobacco consumption growing. However, Cuban Public Health has a national program against smoking. This health institution contributes to generalist some smoking researches. By this institution is possible to call the main health professional related with the smoking control around the country. Much from these professionals haven´t a sufficient academic formation in Health Economy subjects for the smoking control. This condition and previous related are showing the real necessity to make available a postgraduate strategic for the smoking economic control since the Health Economy point of view. Objective. To design a postgraduate educational strategic for the smoking economic control in Cuba. Materials and Methods. Theoric methods: inductive – deductive, comparative and systematization. Empiric method: bibliographic and documental research. Results. The postgraduate educational strategic appoint to the professionals from the Public Health close related to the smoking control. It is formed by six courses, one of them is a diploma course. Inside each course a subject is supported by the previous. By this way is possible obtain a logic process in the postgraduate teaching about the smoking economic control. Conclusions. Was designed a postgraduate educational strategic for the smoking economic control in Cuba, agree to real needs from the health professionals related with the smoking control.
Brief analysis about the smoking economic benefits
Authors: González Efraín Sánchez , Hernández Fé Fernández
Published: November 2021

Background. Smoking is given by the tobacco consumption. Thus all smoking economic benefits are based on this fact. Some economic sectors are benefited from the smoking economic impact over the health services demand. The magnitude of these economic benefits is given by the relevancy from the effective demand of health services attributable to smoking. Objective. To describe the main economic benefits attributable to smoking. Materials and methods. As theoric methods were used the historic – logic the inductive – deductive and the comparative. As empiric method it used the bibliographic research. Results. The financial resources able to access to the health services may be limited by the same reason that motive the health service demand: the smoking. One of the more singular economic benefits from smoking is given by the smoker earlier death. The smoker over-mortality carries to reduce the demand of Social Security services to retired people agree to life expectation reduction. Much times the unquestionable health valued isn´t sufficiently considered by fiscal authorities who consider more important at short time the practice value from the smoking economic benefits. That’s why it isn´t sufficient with the understanding and acknowledge from the smoking impact over the life quality and life expectation. Conclusion. The social and the human development may not be supported in the existence of a risk factor that reduces the life value reducing the health quality and life expectative at same time, which raise the living cost and favor to a reduced people number across the addiction to the nicotine.
A reasonable Response to Diphensiprone in Pediatric Alopecia Patient: A Case Report
Authors: DERTLİOĞLU Selma Bakar
Published: November 2021

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder which accounts for the most frequent cause of inflammation based hair loss among dermatological outpatient attendances. It has an unpredictable course and its etiology has not yet been fully elucidated. Many alternatives treatments are available; however, none of them have been curative or preventive so far. Its treatment must be individualized, and aims at suppressing the phase of activity of the disease. Alopecia areata (AA) persistent for a minimum of 6 months and resistant to other treatments and/or severe AA are indications to use diphencyprone (DPCP). We report a 9 year-old boy with diffuse alopecia areata, who underwent topical immunotherapy with diphencyprone. The application procedures, the results obtained and the clinical follow-up are described. Treatment alternatives should be tried, especially in the pediatric age group, due to the prominent effects of the disease on the patient’s quality of life and consequent development of psychological impairments. In this case; DPCP application is a preferable treatment option in AA in the pediatric age group because is very easy, effective and with less side effects