bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENHANCING ACCESSIBILITY IN ELECTRICAL WEBSITES: A HUMAN-CENTERED APPROCH
Authors: Doye Ankur
Published: July 2024

Abstract : Serving clients in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, ABD Electrical Solutions is a dynamic and creative supplier of full electrical services. With an emphasis on efficiency, safety, and client pleasure, our business is dedicated to providing top-notch electrical solutions. Electrical installations, repairs, maintenance, and upgrades are just a few of the many services provided by ABD Electrical Solutions, which employs a group of knowledgeable and professional electricians. Our professionals can tackle jobs of any size and complexity, whether it’s updating an office space, wiring a new home, or troubleshooting electrical problems. Safety is our first concern at ABD Electrical Solutions. We guarantee that every electrical job is completed precisely and with attention to detail, adhering to the strictest industry standards. By providing dependable and affordable solutions, our aim is to not only meet but also beyond the expectations of our clientele. We are dedicated to remaining at the forefront of innovation and technology in the electrical business in addition to providing our core services. Our company provides eco-friendly electrical practices, smart home automation integration, and energy-efficient solutions to assist our clients save money and lessen their environmental impact. Index Term: Web development, accessibility, user experience, responsive design , Java Script , boot strap , Component , formatting , style , styling , insert
E news paper edition: Updates about current activities and daily new
Authors: Balki Ravina R
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper presents future scenarios of use and design of the e-newspaper, i.e. the newspaper on e-paper. These scenarios are based on experiences from prototyping e-newspaper interfaces and from a survey with newspaper designers and management. The findings show e.g. that the design from the printed edition and the functionality of the online newspaper were considered preferable attributes for the e-newspaper, and that mobility, interactivity, adjustment for special target groups and personalization were the most frequently suggested functionalities Pagination was considered important as well as the ability to estimate the amount of content of the e-newspaper, and the possibility to return to the page from which an article was chosen to read. E-Paper is invented by Nick Sheridan in 1970. E-Paper are just like traditional paper. E-Paper are E papers of the future are just around the corner, promising to hold libraries on a chip and replace most printed newspapers by the end of the decade. They are made of flexible material, require ultra-low power consumption, are cheap to manufacture, and most importantly, are easy and convenient to read. E paper is a portable form of electronic paper. Reusable storage and display media that resembles paper but that can be written on (refreshed) thousands or millions of times via electrical means. E-paper will be utilized for books, electronic newspapers, portable signs, and foldable, roll able screens, among other applications. KEYWORDS – e-paper, e-newspaper, design, GUI, future scenarios. Electronic paper, E Ink, Invention, Printing, Innovation, Print Media, adoption, use experience, e-newspaper.
Claves de la Metafísica de la Comunidad de von Hildebrand
Authors: Ferrer Urbano
Published: July 2024

El artículo atiende a la vigencia hoy de la obra de Hildebrand recién traducida Metafísica de la Comunidad, actualizada según la última edición de 1975. En ella se ponen de relieve las bases personalistas de las distintas comunidades, frente a los colectivismos de distinto signo y frente a la disolución de los vínculos comunitarios. Se empieza destacando los sucesivos pasos en la aproximación intencional al otro hasta llegar a las respuestas afectivas al valor de la persona del otro en su integridad. En todas ellas hay un componente de amor, que Hildebrand desglosa en sus diferentes modalidades de amor al prójimo, amor paterno-filial, amor conyugal, amor de amistad o amor a la nación, entre otras. Desde cada una de ellas se edifica una u otra forma comunitaria. El problema ulterior está en ordenar según su rango axiológico las comunidades descubiertas e indagar las diversas formas de tangencia, exclusión o copertenencia que cabe adscribirles. Concluimos comentando algunas observaciones críticas.
Українські жінки, особливості напівлегального / нелегального життя і ув’язнення у Польщі після 1945 року
Authors: Мюллер Анна
Published: July 2024

Після Другої світової війни залучення до українського підпілля означало, що і жінки, і чоловіки ставали обʼєктом посиленої уваги спецслужб по обидва боки нового повоєнного кордону, а саме радянських і польських спецслужб. Багато кого з членів Української Повстанської Армії схопили на польських територіях. Цей модуль історикині Анни Мюллер розповідає про долі українських жінок, ув'язнених у післявоєнній Польщі за учасниць в національному підпіллі.
Приватні травми війни: досвід вдови одного з провідників українського націоналістичного підпілля після Другої світової
Authors: Петренко-Цеунова Ольга
Published: July 2024

Цей модуль літературознавиці Ольги Петренко-Цеунової розповідає про Катерину Білецьку-Кандибу, дружину Олега Кандиби (літературний псевдонім Олег Ольжич), поета та учасника українського націоналістичного підпілля, голову культурно-освітньої референтуру Проводу українських націоналістів (ПУН) та Революційного Трибуналу Організації українських націоналістів (ОУН) (1939—1941), та її досвід Другої світової війни та повоєнного життя в еміграції.
Автономія архітектури: люди та ідеї архітектурного факультету в габсбурзькому Львові
Authors: Заречнюк Ольга
Published: July 2024

Цей факультет з'явився у Львові 1871 року внаслідок розділення інженерного факультету на окремі спеціальності. Своєю чергою, така реформа Політехніки стала можливою завдяки автономізації краю Галичини у складі Австро-Угорської імперії.
Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Dengan Media Kartu Bergambar Pada Kelompok B Di KB El-Elyon Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Silitonga Mirdat , Nababan Ester Linda , Nasution Fadhilah Syam
Published: July 2024

Pentingnya dalam kemampuan dalam membaca permulaan pada anak di tahap usia yang dini untuk memasuki jenjang sekolah dasar. Kurangnya stimulasi dalam mengembangkan kegiatan membaca permulaan. Adapun tujuan peneltian ini untuk mengetahui berkembangnya kemampuan untuk membaca permulaan pada kelompok B yang penggunaan media pembelajaran seperti kartu yang bergambar. Metode dalam penelitian tindakan ketika di kelas yang dilaksanakan dengan melalui tahapan siklus yang hasil observasi merupakan pengamatan saat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung. Subjek penelitian di kelompok B sebanyak 15 anak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil, bahwa rata-rata keberhasilan membaca permulaan meningkat sebesar 59% di siklus 1 dan 95% di siklus 2, sehingga sudah berkembang dengan baik dari persentase keberhasilan. Adapun kesimpulan yang didapat yaitu keberhasilan dalam kemampuan membaca pada kelompok B dipengaruhi adanya media ketika pembelajaran yang menggunakan kartu gambar.
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan Membaca, Kartu Bergambar, Anak Usia Dini
Importance of Synoptic Reporting for Specimens with Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: S Akhter
Published: July 2024

Cancer diagnoses are increasing day by day in the world and takes up a significant number of specimens reported in pathology laboratories. In Bangladesh, the vast majority of surgical pathology reports of resected cancer specimens have the traditionalnarrative format with more emphasis on a microscopic description of the tumour composition rather than on providing critical information like the status of lymphovascular invasion or tumour size.
Evaluation of PD-L1 Immunoexpression in Resected Samples of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Study on 64 Cases
Authors: I Jahan , BP Dey , M Akhtaruzzaman , KH Hossain , M Alam , MZ Rahman
Published: July 2024

its incidence is rising steadily in developing nations. The patient prognosis for CRC remains poor,despite advances in surgery and treatment. Additionally, there are currently no reliable prognosticapproaches for CRC, despite the use of conventional prognostic factors. Immune checkpointsblockades (ICB) have emerged as a promising treatment strategy and have dramatically improvedlong-term survival in several malignances. The “PD-1 (programmed cell death-1)”/PD-L1(programmed cell death-ligand 1) axis plays an important role to control immune suppression bydown-regulating T effector cell activities enable tumor cells to escape from the host’s anti-tumorimmune surveillance. Aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 (28-8 clone) inresected samples of colorectal cancer.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. A total 64 cases were selected from thepatients who were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma from resected samples received in the departmentof pathology at BSMMU from July 2021 to June 2023. Immuno-histochemical staining for PD-L1was performed along with appropriate positive control.Results: In this study PD-L1 immuno-expression was found in 14 (21.9%) out of 64 cases.However, no expression was found in rest of the 50 (78.1%) cases.Conclusion: Evaluation of expression of PD-L1 may emerge as a new marker and target for theimmunotherapy of colorectal cancer.
Informed Consent of the Patient
Authors: Dinu Catalina Georgeta  , Eleonora Brandusa Miess
Published: July 2024

As a basic and general condition for the conclusion of the civil legal act, consent does not know a legal definition, this role being left to the doctrine. But the Romanian legislator dedicates a generous regulation to it in the Civil Code.  Thus, consent was defined as a person's manifestation of will to conclude or perform a legal act. To produce legal effects, the consent must be conscious, free, and untainted. Consent, as provided by art. 1240 of the Romanian Civil Code, can be expressed verbally, in writing or through a behaviour that, according to the law, the parties, established between them, that leaves no doubt about the intention to produce the corresponding legal effects. Referring to the medical act and to the need for a valid and informed consent of the patient, we can define this informed consent, as representing the informed consent of the patient in relation to the interventions/medical acts that can have unpredictable consequences. However, to make an informed decision, the patient must be fully informed about his state of health, about the proposed medical procedures, about the potential risks and benefits of each procedure, about alternatives to the proposed procedures, about the diagnosis, the prognosis, and the progress of the treatment. As a rule, obtaining consent is done only after the patient is informed according to his capacity to understand, clearly and with direct reference to the medical act to be performed, communicating any useful information to make a fully informed decision of cause.
Liderazgo femenino en los consejos y respuesta corporativa a las iniciativas de sostenibilidad: Un caso exploratorio en cooperativas agroalimentarias
Authors: García-Martí Elia , Hernández-Ortiz María Jesús , Ruiz-Jiménez María del Carmen , Pedrosa-Ortega Cristina , Martínez-Jiménez Rocío
Published: July 2024

Actualmente, existe un gran interés por la participación de la mujer en ámbitos de toma de decisiones, debido a que diferentes estudios demuestran que la presencia femenina en la dirección influye en la mejora de la sostenibilidad de la empresa.Este trabajo contribuye a mejorar la comprensión de las características del liderazgo femenino, en cooperativas agroalimentarias, a través de un estudio de casos de referencia en España. El objetivo ha sido analizar el proceso de la mujer en el acceso al consejo rector, las características de su liderazgo y la influencia que su liderazgo tiene en la sostenibilidad empresarial, medida a través de sus tres componentes ESG (Environmetal, Social and Governance).Los resultados indican que la mujer accede al consejo rector, tras demostrar sus capacidades profesionales ante los socios. Su liderazgo se puede definir como transformacional y se apoya en la cultura cooperativa. Además, se pone de relieve que existe una relación positiva entre la mujer en puestos de liderazgo y la mejora de la sostenibilidad en cooperativas agroalimentarias.
Ameliorative effect of Vitis gracilis leaf decoction against sensory and motoric disorders, oxidative stress, and cerebellar degeneration in diabetic mice
Authors: Santoso Putra , Yuniarti Alfi , Maliza Rita , Tofrizal Alimuddin , Belahusna Dinda Fadhila
Published: July 2024

Vitis gracilis (Vitaceae) is a potent medicinal plant, but its effectiveness in counteracting neuronal issues due to diabetes is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate whether the leaf decoction of V. gracilis could manage sensory and motoric disorders, oxidative stress, and cerebellar degeneration caused by diabetes mellitus. Twenty-five adult male mice were divided into five treatment groups: non-diabetic (non-DM), diabetic (alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus; DM), and DM treated with V. gracilis leaf decoction at doses of 25 g/l (DM + 25 g/l VgD), 50 g/l (DM + 50 g/l VgD), or 100 g/l (DM + 100 g/l VgD). The decoction was administered orally for 30 days. The results showed that V. gracilis leaf decoction did not significantly lower blood glucose levels or improve insulin tolerance in diabetic mice (p > 0.05). However, it substantially maintained sensory response and motoric balance and reduced malondialdehyde levels in brain tissue, especially at a 100 g/l dose (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher decoction doses alleviated histopathological alterations in the cerebellum by significantly preserving molecular and granular layer thickness while reducing degenerated Purkinje cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, despite its inability to manage hyperglycemia, the decoction effectively improved sensory and motoric function, reduced oxidative stress, and mitigated cerebellar histopathological changes. Therefore, V. gracilis could be an alternative treatment for diabetes-related neurological disorders.
On the distribution of powerful and r-free lattice points
Authors: Srisopha Sunanta ,   Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University, Srichan Teerapat ,   Kasetsart University
Published: July 2024

Let $1 < c < 2$. For $m, n \in \mathbb{N}$, a lattice point $(m, n)$ is powerful if and only if $\gcd(m, n)$ is a powerful number, where $\gcd(*, *)$ is the greatest common divisor function. In this paper, we count the number of the ordered pairs $(m, n)$,  $m, n \leq x$ such that the lattice point $(\left\lfloor m^c \right\rfloor, \left\lfloor n^c \right\rfloor)$ is powerful. Moreover, we study $r$-free lattice points analogues of powerful lattice points.
Neural Correlates and Reinstatement of Recent and Remote Memory: A Comparison Between Children and Young Adults
Authors: Schommartz Iryna , Lembcke Philip F , Ortiz-Tudela Javier , Bauer Martin , Kaindl Angela M , Buss Claudia , Shing Yee Lee
Published: July 2024

Children showed less robust memory consolidation across short and long delay compared to young adults.From short to long delay, children show differential neural upregulation for remote versus recent memory compared to young adults.Over time, both children and young adults showed reduced scene-specific reinstatement of neural patterns.Children relied more on gist-like neural reinstatement in anterior hippocampal and medial prefrontal brain regions.Memory consolidation tends to be less robust in childhood than adulthood. However, little is known about the corresponding functional differences in the developing brain that may underlie age-related differences in retention of memories over time. This study examined system-level memory consolidation of object-scene associations after learning (immediate delay), one night of sleep (short delay), as well as two weeks (long delay) in 5-to-7-year-old children (n = 49) and in young adults (n = 39), as a reference group with mature consolidation systems. Particularly, we characterized how functional neural activation and reinstatement of neural patterns change over time, assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging combined with representational similarity analysis (RSA). Our results showed that memory consolidation in children was less robust and strong (i.e., more forgetting) compared to young adults. Contrasting correctly retained remote versus recent memories across time delay, children showed less upregulation in posterior parahippocampal gyrus, lateral occipital cortex, and cerebellum than adults. In addition, both children and adults showed decrease in scene-specific neural reinstatement over time, indicating time-related decay of detailed differentiated memories. At the same time, we observed more generic gist-like neural reinstatement in medial-temporal and prefrontal brain regions uniquely in children, indicating qualitative difference in memory trace in children. Taken together, 5-to-7-year-old children, compared to young adults, show less robust memory consolidation, possibly due to difficulties in engaging in differentiated neural reinstatement in neocortical mnemonic regions during retrieval of remote memories, coupled with relying more on gist-like generic neural reinstatement.
SAMGAT: structure-aware multilevel graph attention networks for automatic rumor detection
Authors: Li Yafang , Chu Zhihua , Jia Caiyan , Zu Baokai
Published: July 2024

The rapid dissemination of unverified information through social platforms like Twitter poses considerable dangers to societal stability. Identifying real versus fake claims is challenging, and previous work on rumor detection methods often fails to effectively capture propagation structure features. These methods also often overlook the presence of comments irrelevant to the discussion topic of the source post. To address this, we introduce a novel approach: the Structure-Aware Multilevel Graph Attention Network (SAMGAT) for rumor classification. SAMGAT employs a dynamic attention mechanism that blends GATv2 and dot-product attention to capture the contextual relationships between posts, allowing for varying attention scores based on the stance of the central node. The model incorporates a structure-aware attention mechanism that learns attention weights that can indicate the existence of edges, effectively reflecting the propagation structure of rumors. Moreover, SAMGAT incorporates a top-k attention filtering mechanism to select the most relevant neighboring nodes, enhancing its ability to focus on the key structural features of rumor propagation. Furthermore, SAMGAT includes a claim-guided attention pooling mechanism with a thresholding step to focus on the most informative posts when constructing the event representation. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate that SAMGAT outperforms state-of-the-art methods in identifying rumors and improves the effectiveness of early rumor detection.
Impactos da energia solar na área rural
Authors: Francisco Alan Paulo , Zorgette Ana Julia , Ferreira Gabriel Machado , Bueno Miriam Pinheiro
Published: July 2024

A energia fotovoltaica permite que as comunidades rurais tenham acesso a eletricidade de forma confiável e acessível, superando as limitações de infraestrutura elétrica, isso impulsiona o desenvolvimento econômico local, promovendo o uso de tecnologias como irrigação, refrigeração de alimentos e bombeamento de água, além de proporcionar iluminação e carregamento de dispositivos eletrônicos. Além disso, a energia solar reduz a dependência de combustíveis fósseis, contribuindo para a mitigação das mudanças climáticas e a preservação do meio ambiente. Diante do contexto, o trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os impactos da energia fotovoltaica no empreendimento rural. O procedimento metodológico aplicado foi de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e revisão bibliográfica. Os resultados apontam que a implantação do sistema fotovoltaico na propriedade rural traz consigo diversos benefícios, porém deve ser analisada a capacidade do produtor em superar os desafios que tal instalação requer. As considerações enfatizam os benefícios da utilização da energia solar na produção rural e propõe estudos de incentivos governamentais. O trabalho contribuiu porque demonstra de forma real os efeitos que a utilização da energia solar propõe, demonstrando suas facetas positivas e negativas e os impactos no dia a dia do produtor rural.
Fabricação de peças metálicas por manufatura aditiva com diferentes características mecânicas superficiais
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Antonio , Casagrande Henrique Cechinel , Daleffe Anderson , Fritzen Daniel , March Gilson de , Schaeffer Lirio
Published: July 2024

Em decorrência dos avanços tecnológicos constantes no ramo metalúrgico, e buscando contribuir para tal, o estudo é aplicado a um dos pilares da indústria 4.0, sendo este, a manufatura aditiva. Busca-se, imprimir peças com diferentes características superficiais, onde, após a fabricação não venha ser necessário utilizar tratamentos térmicos e tratamentos superficiais. Dessa forma, amostras foram impressas, com metal de base maleável utilizando-se o arame de soldadura AWS A5.18 ER70S-6. Já para a região da superfície, utilizou-se o arame AWS A5.28 HL 85 MC-B, arame para soldagem de aços baixa liga e alta resistência mecânica. Ressalta-se o uso da técnica de soldagem TANDEM como aliada na deposição dos materiais, visto que se utilizam dois materiais de diferentes características. Para determinar os resultados, foram impressas duas paredes de 200 mm de comprimento e aproximadamente 35 mm de altura, que posteriormente foram cortadas três amostras para análise metalográfica e ensaio de microdureza Vickers. Os resultados se mostraram eminentes, sendo que para o material com arame AWS A5.18 ER70S 6 a dureza ficou entre 194 à 210 HV, e para o material AWS A5.28 HL 85 MC-B a dureza ficou com valores entre 262 à 277 HV, podendo este valor chegar em aproximadamente 356 HV ao se tratar da última camada depositada, onde ocorre troca térmica com ambiente sem reaquecimento, diferente dos demais cordões depositados que são reaquecidos a cada camada impressa.
Trauma psíquico em condições de vulnerabilidade dos serviços de esgotamento sanitário: o caso de uma favela em São José dos Campos-SP
Authors: Vieira José Moacir de Sousa , Vieira Delma Santos , Valério Filho Mario , Mendes Rodolfo Moreda , Gomes Cilene
Published: July 2024

Apesar do avanço tecnológico contemporâneo, observamos que o cenário urbano brasileiro ainda revela um aumento do número de pessoas residindo em favelas e comunidades urbanas, expostas à vulnerabilidade no acesso ao saneamento básico, especialmente os serviços de esgotamento sanitário. Neste artigo, estudamos o Trauma Psíquico relacionado a essas condições de vulnerabilidade a que os habitantes de favelas e comunidades urbanas estão suscetíveis. Adotamos uma Abordagem Psicanalítica e uma metodologia bibliográfica exploratória para examinar o trauma psíquico à luz da Teoria Freudiana. Concentramo-nos especificamente na favela Jardim Nova Esperança, em São José dos Campos-SP. Existente há mais de um século, essa comunidade enfrenta desafios de irregularidade fundiária e vulnerabilidade em saneamento básico, mesmo estando situada em uma Cidade Inteligente e considerada um dos territórios mais desenvolvidos do Brasil. Paralelamente, a problemática foi ilustrada com o caso ficcional de Joana, uma menina de 7 anos, moradora dessa favela, descrita através de Vinhetas Ficcionais. As conclusões apontam as graves consequências do trauma psíquico associado à precariedade dos serviços de saneamento básico, evidenciando as adversidades em áreas periféricas. Enfatizamos a necessidade de implementar políticas públicas eficazes e ações práticas que melhorem as condições de vida desses grupos vulneráveis, garantindo acesso amplo aos serviços de esgotamento sanitário para reduzir o trauma psíquico e promover o bem-estar dessa população.
Inovações tecnológicas no setor elétrico: revisão sistemática e metassíntese
Authors: Cardoso João Vanio Mendonça , Camilo Sílvio Parodi Oliveira , Picolo Jaime Dagostim
Published: July 2024

O mercado das inovações tecnológicas ou mercado de alta tecnologia, vem apresentando um grande crescimento. No setor elétrico, também se percebe o avanço e crescimento das inovações tecnológicas. Neste sentido esta pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura por meio de metassíntese, mediante levantamento de artigos constantes em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais e que respondam à seguinte questão de pesquisa: como as inovações tecnológicas vêm afetando o setor elétrico? Para isso, foi desenvolvimento um estudo quali-quanti, utilizando as metodologias de bibliometria e revisão sistemática. O processo de busca foi realizado nas bases Sciencedirect, Emerald e Scopus e resultou na seleção de 23 artigos dentro do escopo definido, dentre 121 estudos. Os estudos selecionados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD) e análise fatorial de correspondência (AFC). Os resultados permitiram a constatação do crescente interesse no desenvolvimento de estudos voltados às inovações tecnológicas em vários países. Na classificação das temáticas envolvidas nos estudos, depois de categorizadas, a categoria ambiente organizacional é a que apresenta a menor quantidade de estudos, oportunizando a ampliação de estudos. Os desafios despertados pelas inovações tecnológicas no setor elétrico estarão relacionados a: geração distribuída, eficiência energética, automação e o ambiente organizacional.
Gender Differences in Skill Mismatches
Authors: Moro-Egido Ana Isabel ,   University of Granada
Published: July 2024

Using the Cedefop European Skills and Jobs Survey (ESJS), we analyse, by gender, to what extent skill and qualification mismatches are related. Our findings show that past skill mismatch statuses are more relevant for current over-skilling in men while qualification mismatches matter more for women. We find that labour market characteristics affect men and women differently. Finally, we also find that country differences only remain for women when controlling for other characteristics. A better understanding of the relationship among mismatches seems crucial to improve the effectiveness of policy intervention in terms of education and the labour market.
A Study of the Effects of Mathematical Culture on Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Non-intellectual Factors
Authors: Liu Siyu , Zheng Shasha
Published: July 2024

Academic achievement is an indicator of students' learning effectiveness, and mathematical culture has been widely researched in recent years, but few articles have explored the influence of mathematical culture on academic achievement and the role of non-intellectual factors in it. This paper adopts the method of literature analysis, comprehensively describes the research background of mathematical culture, academic achievement, and non-intellectual factors, and based on "Questionnaire on Non-intellectual Characteristics of Mathematics Learning for High School Students", compiles a questionnaire on the influence of non-intellectual factors on academic achievement for college students, explores the influence of mathematical culture on academic achievement, and the role of non-intellectual factors as a mediator. The results found that (1) the effects of mathematical culture and non-intellectual factors on academic achievement are significant. (2) Non-intellectual factors play a mediating role in the influence of mathematical culture on academic achievement and the mediating role is significant. Therefore, in the future teaching, we have to penetrate the mathematical culture to improve the students' performance in mathematics by improving the level of their non-intellectual factors, and according to the suggestions before, during, and after the lesson respectively.
Crop Responses and Strategies for Mitigating Cold, Salt, and Drought Stress in Vegetables: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Shoaib , Munawar Maryam , Ullah Mansoor , Khalid Sumbal , Waris Ihtisham , Sher Nida , Burhan Zabeehullah , Usman Muhammad , Zubair Muhammad Moaz , Eman Amrat
Published: July 2024

The demand for vegetables has increased significantly over the past few decades, due mostly to the world's rising population. Cold, salt, and drought are all key abiotic variables that might jeopardise vegetable production. Many vegetables, including cauliflower, carrot, tomato, okra, pea, eggplant, lettuce and potato, are sensitive to cold temperatures, excessive salt levels and dry circumstances. Researchers have extensively studied the plant's defence systems against cold, salt, and drought stress in both model plant species and field crops. To increase food production, it is critical to produce crops that are resistant to stress and can survive in salty and dry areas. Vegetables play an important part in the human diet owing to their nutritional value, which includes vitamins, carbohydrates, protein, and minerals. Several vegetable crops have substantial local relevance worldwide, while others are widely cultivated. Each of these vegetable crops experiences varied levels of biotic and abiotic stress, resulting in changes in their molecular, physiological, and morphological responses. This review paper focuses on the major abiotic stresses that influence essential crops such as okra, cauliflower, tomatoes, peas, chilies, and eggplant. The review also examines a variety of methods for promoting growth and development in these vegetables in stressful environments.
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Pharmacy Technicians' Hands in Ghana
Authors: Osisiogu Emmanuel Udochukwu , Abdul-Razak Hamidu Tampuori , Abosum Clement Wepia , Agyapong Genevive Afia Amoakoa , Bawa Flavia Kaduni , Nattah Emmanuel Mawuli , Amemo Raphael E. , Antoanette Ngmennasong
Published: July 2024

Background: Pharmacy technicians play a critical role in healthcare delivery, particularly in developing countries like Ghana. However, there is limited knowledge about the microbial contamination of their hands and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these microbes. This study aimed at investigating the presence of bacteria on the hands of pharmacy technicians in the Upper West region of Ghana and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolated organisms.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2019. Hand swabs were collected from pharmacy technicians working in hospital pharmacies, community pharmacies, and over-the-counter medicine shops. Samples were cultured, and isolated bacteria were identified using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: Thirty samples were collected across the three pharmacy categories. The study identified Bacillus species, Staphylococcus species, and Enterobacter species on the hands of pharmacy technicians. Bacillus species were the most prevalent and were generally sensitive to most antibiotics tested. Staphylococcus species, however, showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. Enterobacter species demonstrated mixed susceptibility patterns.
Conclusion: The study revealed significant microbial contamination on the hands of pharmacy technicians, with some isolates showing alarming antimicrobial resistance patterns. These findings emphasize the need for improved hand hygiene practices and regular antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance among pharmacy technicians to prevent the spread of potentially harmful bacteria in healthcare settings.
Quantity and quality of organic matter (detritus) drives N2 effluxes (net denitrification) across seasons, benthic habitats, and estuaries
Authors: Eyre Bradley D. , Maher Damien T. , Squire Peter
Published: October 2013

N2 flux rates (net denitrification) were measured over a diel cycle, seasonally, in 12 benthic habitats across three warm temperate Australian coastal systems. Dark N2‐N fluxes were strongly controlled by sediment oxygen demand (SOD) across the 3 estuaries, 4 seasons, and 12 benthic habitats (r2 = 0.743; p < 0.001; n = 142; slope = 0.0170). However, some of the slopes differed significantly between seasons and among estuaries and habitats, and all of the slopes were correlated with the δ13C values and C:N ratios of sediment organic matter. Ternary mixing diagrams with the contribution of algal, seagrass, and terrestrial/mangrove material to sediment organic matter showed that habitats, seasons, and estuaries dominated by a mixture of seagrass and algal material had the lowest slopes, and slopes increase as habitats, seasons, and estuaries have an increasing contribution from terrestrial/ mangrove material. Overall, the slopes of dark N2 fluxes versus SOD were low compared to previous studies, most likely due to either, or a combination of, the C:N ratio of the organic matter, the mixture of C:N ratios making up the organic matter, the structure of the organic matter, and/or the SOD rates. This study demonstrated that it is not only the quantity but also the type (quality), and maybe the mixture, of organic matter that is an important control on denitrification. As such, rapid global changes to detrital sources to coastal systems due to losses of mangrove, seagrasses, and saltmarshes, and associated increases in algae and macrophytes, are also expected to impact system level losses of nitrogen via denitrification.
Spatial heterogeneity and lake morphology affect diffusive greenhouse gas emission estimates of lakes
Authors: Schilder Jos , Bastviken David , van Hardenbroek Maarten , Kankaala Paula , Rinta Päivi , Stötter Tabea , Heiri Oliver
Published: October 2013

Most estimates of diffusive flux (F) of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from lakes are based on single‐point flux chamber measurements or on piston velocity (k) modeled from wind speed and single‐point measurements of surface water gas concentrations (Caq). We analyzed spatial variability of F of CH4 and CO2, as well as Caq and k in 22 European lakes during late summer. F and k were higher in the lake centers, leading to considerable bias when extrapolating single‐point chamber measurements to whole‐lake estimates. The ratio of our empirical k estimates to wind speed‐modeled k was related to lake size and shape, suggesting a lake morphology effect on the relationship between wind speed and k. This indicates that the error inherent to established wind speed models can be reduced by determining k and Caq at multiple sites on lakes to calibrate wind speed‐modeled k to the local system.
Tracking atmospheric water pathways by direct evaporation tagging: A case study for West Africa
Authors: Knoche Hans Richard , Kunstmann Harald
Published: October 2013

One of the central questions in hydrological research is where and to what extent evaporated water of a region returns as precipitation in another region. This study addresses this question and presents a detailed process‐based approach implemented into a regional climate model. It allows tagging and tracking of the moisture evaporating from a given region into the atmosphere until it returns to the land surface as precipitation. Our approach is fully three‐dimensional and enables the detailed consideration of vertical transport mechanisms for tagged water. We present a case study for the region around Lake Volta in West Africa. The simulation demonstrates the performance of the regional model and the implemented tagging mechanism. It shows the evolution of the tagged moisture field and reveals details of the transport: Moisture evaporated from Lake Volta is initially transported predominantly to the east and north, lifted by convective processes and then transported in upper layers to the west far away from the source of evaporation. The results indicate that the coupling between boundary layer and higher levels through convective processes can be essential for the fate of tagged water substances. Detailed analysis for a 2 month period in the rainy season 1998 shows that locally up to 6% of precipitating water originates from the Lake Volta region. Less than 2% of the evaporated water is locally recycled as precipitation in the source area. A further 10% precipitates in the rest of the Volta Basin.
A simple geomorphic‐based analytical model for predicting the spatial distribution of soil thickness in headwater hillslopes and catchments
Authors: Liu Jintao , Chen Xi , Lin Henry , Liu Hu , Song Huiqing
Published: October 2013

Soil thickness acts as an important control for headwater hydrologic processes. Yet, its spatial distribution remains one of the least understood in catchment hydrology. Analytic methods are desirable to provide a simple way for predicting soil thickness distribution over a hillslope or a catchment. In this paper, a simple geomorphic‐based analytical model is derived from the dynamic equations of soil thickness evolution in areas with no tectonic uplift or lowering since the recent geological past. The model employs terrain attributes (slope gradient, curvature, and upstream contributing area) as inputs on grid‐based DEMs for predicting soil thickness evolution over time. The analytic model is validated first on nine abstract hillslopes through comparing 10 kyr simulation results between our proposed model and the numerical solution. The model is then applied to predict soil thickness evolution over 13 kyr in the 7.9 ha Shale Hills catchment (one of the Critical Zone Observatories in the U.S. located in central Pennsylvania). Field observed and model predicted values of soil thickness are in good agreement (with a root mean squared error of 0.39 m, R2 = 0.74, and absolute errors <0.10 m in 70% of 106 sample points). Moreover, our model verifies that terrain shape and position are the first‐order control on soil thickness evolution in the headwater catchment. Therefore, the derived geomorphic‐based analytical model can be helpful in understanding soil thickness change over geological time and is useful as a simple tool for deriving spatially distributed soil thickness needed for hydrologic modeling.
Spatial Control of Heterogeneous Nucleation on the Superhydrophobic Nanowire Array
Authors: Lo Ching‐Wen , Wang Chi‐Chuan , Lu Ming‐Chang
Published: October 2013

Condensation is a common phenomenon and is widely exploited in power generation and refrigeration devices. Although drop‐wise condensation offers high heat and mass transfer rates, it is extremely difficult to maintain and control. In this study, the ability to spatially control heterogeneous nucleation on a superhydrophobic surface by manipulating the free energy barrier to nucleation through parameterizing regional roughness scale on the Si nanowire array‐coated surface is reported. Water vapor preferentially condenses on the designed microgrooves on the Si nanowire surface and continuous shedding of the drop‐wise condensate is observed on the surface. The nucleation site density can also be manipulated by tailoring the density of the microgroove on the surface. Moreover, the cycle time on the Si nanowire array with microgrooves is approximately ten times smaller than that on a plain Si surface. This suggests that potentially high heat and mass transfer rates can be achieved on the surface. The insight from this study has implications in enhancing energy efficiency in a wide range of thermal energy conversion systems.
RGD‐Conjugated Nanoscale Coordination Polymers for Targeted T1‐ and T2‐weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors in Vivo
Authors: Yang Hong , Qin Changyuan , Yu Chao , Lu Yang , Zhang Hongwei , Xue Fengfeng , Wu Dongmei , Zhou Zhiguo , Yang Shiping
Published: October 2013

Development of multifunctional nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) allowing for T1‐ and T2‐weighted targeted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of tumors could significantly improve the diagnosis accuracy. In this study, nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) with a diameter of ≈80 nm are obtained with 1,1′‐dicarboxyl ferrocene (Fc) as building blocks and magnetic gadolinium(III) ions as metallic nodes using a nanoprecipitation method, then further aminated through silanization. The amine‐functionalized Fc‐Gd@SiO2 NCPs enable the covalent conjugation of a fluorescent rhodamine dye (RBITC) and an arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD) peptide as a targeting ligand onto their surface. The formed water‐dispersible Fc‐Gd@SiO2(RBITC)–RGD NCPs exhibit a low cytotoxicity, as confirmed by MTT assay. They have a longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of 5.1 mM−1 s−1 and transversal relaxivity (r2) of 21.7 mM−1 s−1, suggesting their possible use as both T1‐positive and T2‐negative contrast agents. In vivo MR imaging experiments show that the signal of tumor over‐expressing high affinity αvβ3 integrin from T1‐weighted MR imaging is positively enhanced 47±5%, and negatively decreased 33±5% from T2‐weighted MR imaging after intravenous injection of Fc‐Gd@SiO2(RBITC)–RGD NCPs.
Optimal operation of a membrane reactor network
Authors: Esche Erik , Arellano‐Garcia Harvey , Biegler Lorenz T.
Published: October 2013

In this contribution, the operation of a membrane reactor network (MRN) for the oxidative coupling of methane is optimized. Therefore, three reactors, a fixed bed reactor (FBR) and two packed bed‐membrane reactors, are modeled. For the (CPBMR), a two‐dimensional (2‐D) model is presented. This model incorporates radial diffusion and thermal conduction. In addition, two 10 cm long cooling segments for the CPBMR are implemented based on the idea of a fixed cooling temperature positioned outside the reactor shell. The model is discretized using a newly developed 2‐D orthogonal collocation on finite elements with a combination of Hermite for the radial and Lagrangian polynomials for the axial coordinate. Membrane thickness, feed compositions, temperatures at the inlet and for the cooling, diameters, and the amount of inert packing in the reactors are considered as decision variables. The optimization results in C2 yields of up to 40% with a selectivity in C2 products of more than 60%. The MRN consisting of an additional packed‐bed membrane reactor with an alternative feeding policy and a FBR shows a lower yield than the individual CPBMR. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 170–180, 2014
Mixture semisupervised principal component regression model and soft sensor application
Authors: Ge Zhiqiang , Huang Biao , Song Zhihuan
Published: October 2013

Traditionally, data‐based soft sensors are constructed upon the labeled historical dataset which contains equal numbers of input and output data samples. While it is easy to obtain input variables such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate in the chemical process, the output variables, which correspond to quality/key property variables, are much more difficult to obtain. Therefore, we may only have a small number of output data samples, and have much more input data samples. In this article, a mixture form of the semisupervised probabilistic principal component regression model is proposed for soft sensor application, which can efficiently incorporate the unlabeled data information from different operation modes. Compared to the total supervised method, both modeling efficiency and soft sensing performance are improved with the inclusion of additional unlabeled data samples. Two case studies are provided to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of the new method. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J60: 533–545, 2014
Neurological studies on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)‐poisoned patients
Authors: Chia Lie‐Gan , Chu Fu‐Li
Published: October 2013

Thirty‐five patients out of the 2,000 PCB‐poisoned cases that occurred in central Taiwan in 1978 were neurologically studied in 1980. Neurological manifestation included clinical peripheral sensory neuropathy in about two thirds of the cases, headache in two‐fifths and dizziness in one‐third. There was no relationship between the blood PCB concentration in patients with neurological manifestation and those without. Sensory nerve conduction velocity was reduced in about half of the cases and motor nerve conduction was delayed in about one‐third of the cases, which suggested that PCB poisoning apparently affected not only sensory nerve conduction but also motor nerve conduction. Normal CSF PCB concentrations (0.5–2.3 ppb) indicated that PCB had difficulty penetrating the blood‐brain barrier. A mildly abnormal EEG pattern was found in one fifth of twenty‐seven cases.
Persistently elevated polychlorinated biphenyl levels from residual contamination of workplace surfaces
Authors: Christiani David C. , Kriebel David , Fox Nancy J. , Baker Edward L.
Published: October 2013

A short‐term follow‐up study was performed on 55 workers in a gear plant exposed to PCB that contaminated the work surfaces. Current work did not involve the use of PCBs. Exposure was to residual PCB left behind by a capacitor company which formerly used the site. Elevated PCB levels were found in production area workers; these elevations persisted on retesting 1 year later. Efforts should be made to identify potentially toxic materials left behind on work surfaces of buildings before remodeling or reuse.
Public awareness of the problem of asbestos use in Israel
Authors: Baum Gerald L.
Published: October 2013

Concern for occupational health problems in Israel became manifest in the 1930s with the establishment by Histadrut of a Division of Industrial Medicine. Public awareness of the health problems associated with the use of asbestos gradually increased in the 1970s. The history of the development of current programs is presented.
Cancer risks associated with 10 inorganic dusts: Results from a case‐control study in Montreal
Authors: Siemiatycki Jack , Dewar Ron , Lakhani Ramzan , Nadon Louise , Richardson Lesley , Gérin Michel
Published: October 2013

A multicancer site, multifactor case‐control study was undertaken to generate hypotheses about possible occupational carcinogens. Probing interviews were carried out with eligible cases, comprising all incident cases of 20 types of cancer who were male, aged 35–70 years, and a resident in Montreal. The interview was designed to obtain detailed lifetime job histories and information on potential confounders. Each job history was reviewed by a team of chemists and industrial hygienists who translated it into a history of occupational exposures. These occupational exposures were then analyzed as potential risk factors in relation to the sites of cancer included; 3,726 cases were interviewed. For each site of cancer analyzed, controls were selected from among the other sites in the study. This report concerns the associations between the 12 main types of cancer in our series and 10 inorganic dusts that are found mainly in construction and metal industries. All site‐exposure combinations were investigated. After intensive control for confounding, nonadenocarcinoma (NAC) of the lung was associated with long duration–high level exposure to silica (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4), excavation dust (OR = 1.9), concrete dust (OR = 2.5), abrasives dust (OR = 1.4), and alumina (OR = 1.5). It was difficult to disentangle the relative effects of those substances, and confounding among them was a distinct possibility. Although residual confounding by some uncontrolled factors may explain the elevated ORs, the results were compatible with the hypothesis of a nonspecific relation between NAC of the lung and respirable inorganic dusts as a class. Other associations that remained suggestive after in‐depth analysis were silica and stomach cancer (OR = 1.2) and concrete dust and lymphoma (OR = 2.9).