bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of passing fit testing of the masks and respirators used during the COVID-19 pandemic: Part 1-quantitative fit test procedures
Authors: Fakherpour Anahita , Jahangiri Mehdi , Jansz Janis
Published: October 2023

Background

During respiratory infection pandemics, masks and respirators are highly sought after, especially for frontline healthcare workers and patients carrying respiratory viruses. The objective of this study was to systematically review fit test pass rates and identify factors influencing the fitting characteristics.

Methods

Potentially relevant studies were identified using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct during the COVID-19 pandemic from February 5, 2020, to March 21, 2023. The search strategy using the following keywords was conducted: Quantitative Fit Test, Condensation Nuclei Counter, Controlled Negative Pressure, PortaCount, Sibata, Accufit, Fit, Seal, Mask, Respirator, Respiratory Protective Device, Respiratory Protective Equipment, Protective Device, Personal Protective Equipment, COVID-19, Coronavirus, and SARS-CoV-2. The quality of the included studies was also assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results

A total of 137 articles met the eligibility criteria. Fifty articles had a quality score of less than 7 (good quality). A total of 21 studies had a fit test pass rate of less than 50%. 26 studies on disposable respirators and 11 studies on reusable respirators had an FF of less than 50 and less than 200, respectively. The most influential factors include respirator brand/model, style, gender, ethnicity, facial dimensions, facial hair, age, reuse, extensive movement, seal check, comfort and usability assessment, and training.

Conclusion

37.36% of the disposable respirator studies and 43% of the reusable respirator studies did not report fit test results. 67.86% of the disposable respirator studies had a fit test pass rate greater than 50%, and 35.84% of these studies had an FF greater than 100. Also, 85.71% of the reusable respirator studies had a fit test pass rate greater than 50%, and 52.77% of these studies had an FF greater than 1000. Overall, the fit test pass rate was relatively acceptable. Newly developed or modified respirators must undergo reliable testing to ensure the protection of HCWs. Subject and respirator characteristics should be considered when implementing fit testing protocols. An optimal fit test panel should be developed prior to respirator design, certification, procurement decisions, and selection procedures.
Antimicrobial drug resistant features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with treatment failure
Authors: Mushtaq Fizza , Raza Syed Mohsin , Ahmad Adeel , Aslam Hina , Adeel Atiqa , Saleem Sidrah , Ahmad Irfan
Published: October 2023

Tuberculosis stands as a prominent cause of mortality in developing countries. The treatment of tuberculosis involves a complex procedure requiring the administration of a panel of at least four antimicrobial drugs for the duration of six months. The occurrence of treatment failure after the completion of a standard treatment course presents a serious medical problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial drug resistant features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with treatment failure. Additionally, it aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of second line drugs such as amikacin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and the efflux pump inhibitor verapamil against M. tuberculosis isolates associated with treatment failure. We monitored 1200 tuberculosis patients who visited TB centres in Lahore and found that 64 of them were not cured after six months of treatment. Among the M. tuberculosis isolates recovered from the sputum of these 64 patients, 46 (71.9%) isolates were simultaneously resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid (MDR), and 30 (46.9%) isolates were resistant to pyrazinamide, Resistance to amikacin was detected in 17 (26,5%) isolates whereas resistance to moxifloxacin and linezolid was detected in 1 (1.5%) and 2 (3.1%) isolates respectively. Among MDR isolates, the additional resistance to pyrazinamide, amikacin, and linezolid was detected in 15(23.4%), 4(2.6%) and 1(1.56%) isolates respectively. One isolate simultaneously resistant to rifampicin, isoniazid, amikacin, pyrazinamide, and linezolid was also identified. In our investigations, the most frequently mutated amino acid in the treatment failure group was Serine 315 in katG. Three novel mutations were detected at codons 99, 149 and 154 in pncA which were associated with pyrazinamide resistance. The effect of verapamil on the minimum inhibitory concentration of isoniazid and rifampicin was observed in drug susceptible isolates but not in drug resistant isolates. Rifampicin and isoniazid enhanced the transcription of the efflux pump gene rv1258 in drug susceptible isolates collected from the treatment failure patients. Our findings emphasize a high prevalence of MDR isolates linked primarily to drug exposure. Moreover, the use of amikacin as a second line drug may not be the most suitable choice in such cases.
Recovery of Vibrio cholerae polarized cellular organization after exit from a non-proliferating spheroplast state
Authors: Goudin Anthony , Ferat Jean-Luc , Possoz Christophe , Barre François-Xavier , Galli Elisa
Published: October 2023

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera epidemics, is a rod-shaped bacterium with a highly polarized cellular organization. It can survive harmful growth conditions by entering a non-proliferating spheroplast state, which involves loss of the cell envelope and polarity. How polarized rod organization cells are formed when the spheroplasts exit the non-proliferating state remains largely uncharacterized. To address this question, we investigated how L-arabinose-induced V. cholerae spheroplasts return to growth. We found that de novo morphogenesis started with the elimination of an excess of periplasm, which was immediately followed by cell elongation and the formation of cell branches with a diameter similar to that of normal V. cholerae cells. Periplasm elimination was driven by bifunctional peptidoglycan synthases involved in cell-wall maintenance, the aPBPs. Elongation and branching relied on the MreB-associated monofunctional peptidoglycan synthase PBP2. The cell division monofunctional peptidoglycan synthase FtsI was not involved in any of these processes. However, the FtsK cell division protein specifically targeted the sites of vesicle extrusion. Genetic material was amplified by synchronous waves of DNA replication as periplasmic elimination began. The HubP polarity factor targeted the tip of the branches as they began to form. However, HubP-mediated polarization was not involved in the efficiency of the recovery process. Finally, our results suggest that the positioning of HubP and the activities of the replication terminus organizer of the two V. cholerae chromosomes, MatP, are independent of cell division. Taken together, these results confirm the interest of L-arabinose-induced V. cholerae spheroplasts to study how cell shape is generated and shed light on the de novo establishment of the intracellular organization and cell polarization in V. cholerae.
Metformin pretreatment ameliorates busulfan-induced liver endothelial toxicity during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Balakrishnan Balaji , Illangeswaran Raveen Stephen Stallon , Rajamani Bharathi Murugan , Arunachalam Arun Kumar , Pai Aswin Anand , Mohanan Ezhilpavai , Srivastava Alok , Mathews Vikram , Balasubramanian Poonkuzhali
Published: October 2023

The success of Haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is often limited by regimen-related toxicity (RRT) caused by conditioning regimen drugs. Among different conditioning drugs, busulfan (Bu) and treosulfan (Treo), although widely used in HCT, exhibit different toxicity profiles, the mechanism of which is still unclear. Here we investigated the effects of Bu and Treo in endothelial cells. While both Bu and Treo induced DNA damage in endothelial cells, we observed Bu alone to induce oxidative stress and sustained activation of phospho-ERK1/2, leading to apoptosis. However, Treo-treated cells exhibited no oxidative stress/apoptosis of endothelial cells. Screening of pharmacological inhibitors of both ROS and p-ERK revealed that metformin effectively ameliorates Bu-mediated toxicity in endothelial cells. In Balb/c mice, we observed a significant reduction in bone marrow endothelial cells in Bu-treated mice compared to Treo-treated mice. Further, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) was damaged by Bu, which is implicated in liver vasculature and their functional capacity to uptake FITC-albumin. However, Treo-treated mice liver vasculature was morphologically and functionally normal. When mice were pretreated with metformin followed by Bu, LSECs damage was ameliorated morphologically and functionally. Bone marrow transplants done on these mice did not affect the engraftment of donor cells.
Simulations suggest walking with reduced propulsive force would not mitigate the energetic consequences of lower tendon stiffness
Authors: Pimentel Richard E. , Sawicki Gregory S. , Franz Jason R.
Published: October 2023

Aging elicits numerous effects that impact both musculoskeletal structure and walking function. Tendon stiffness (kT) and push-off propulsive force (FP) both impact the metabolic cost of walking and are diminished by age, yet their interaction has not been studied. We combined experimental and computational approaches to investigate whether age-related changes in function (adopting smaller FP) may be adopted to mitigate the metabolic consequences arising from changes in structure (reduced kT). We recruited 12 young adults and asked them to walk on a force-sensing treadmill while prompting them to change FP (±20% & ±40% of typical) using targeted biofeedback. In models driven by experimental data from each of those conditions, we altered the kT of personalized musculoskeletal models across a physiological range (2–8% strain) and simulated individual-muscle metabolic costs for each kT and FP combination. We found that kT and FP independently affect walking metabolic cost, increasing with higher kT or as participants deviated from their typical FP. Our results show no evidence for an interaction between kT and FP in younger adults walking at fixed speeds. We also reveal complex individual muscle responses to the kT and FP landscape. For example, although total metabolic cost increased by 5% on average with combined reductions in kT and FP, the triceps surae muscles experienced a 7% local cost reduction on average. Our simulations suggest that reducing FP during walking would not mitigate the metabolic consequences of lower kT. Wearable devices and rehabilitative strategies can focus on either kT or FP to reduce age-related increases in walking metabolic cost.
Evidence of long-term allocentric spatial memory in the Terrestrial Hermit Crab Coenobita compressus
Authors: Vargas-Vargas Ilse Lorena , Pérez-Hernández Estefany , González Daniel , Rosetti Marcos Francisco , Contreras-Galindo Jorge , Roldán-Roldán Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Spatial learning is a complex cognitive skill and ecologically important trait scarcely studied in crustaceans. We investigated the ability of the Pacific (Ecuadorian) hermit crabCoenobita compressus, to learn an allocentric spatial task using a palatable novel food as reward. Crabs were trained to locate the reward in a single session of eleven consecutive trials and tested subsequently, for short- (5 min) and long-term memory 1, 3 and 7 days later. Our results indicate that crabs were able to learn the location of the reward as they showed a reduction in the time required to find the food whenever it was present, suggesting a visuo-spatial and olfactory cue-guided task resolution. Moreover, crabs also remember the location of the reward up to 7 days after training using spatial cues only (without the food), as evidenced by the longer investigation time they spent in the learned food location than in any other part of the experimental arena, suggesting a visuo-spatial memory formation. This study represents the first description of allocentric spatial long-term memory in a terrestrial hermit crab.
Preoperative admission is non-essential in most patients receiving elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A cohort study
Authors: Tunruttanakul Suppadech , Tunruttanakul Ratchanee , Prasopsuk Kamoltip , Sakulsansern Kwanhathai , Trikhirhisthit Kyrhatii
Published: October 2023

We evaluated conventional overnight-stay laparoscopic cholecystectomy, focusing on the preoperative admission day, to assess the feasibility of implementing daycare laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is currently underutilized in developing and some Asian countries. We retrospectively reviewed elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy data from March 2020 to February 2022 at a 700-bed tertiary hospital in Thailand. Variables included age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, presence of preoperative anesthesiology visit, laparoscopic cholecystectomy indications, additional intraoperative cholangiography, and surgery cancellations. The primary focus was on preoperative treatment and monitoring needs; secondary outcomes included morbidity, mortality within 30 days, and prolonged hospital stay (>48 hours). Statistical analysis was conducted using the Fisher exact test, t-test, and logistic regression. The study included 405 patients. Of these, 65 (16.1%) received preoperative treatment, with 21 unnecessary (over) treatments and six under-treatments. Based on the results, approximately 12.1% (n = 49) of patients may have theoretically required preoperative admission and treatment. Multivariable analysis showed that the increasing of comorbidities was significantly associated with preoperative management (odds ratio [95% Confidence interval]: 7.0 [2.1, 23.1], 23.9 [6.6, 86.6], 105.5 [17.5, 636.6]) for one, two, and three comorbidities, respectively), but factors such as age, obesity, and American Society of Anesthesiologists status were not. The cohort had 4.2% morbidity (2.2% medical complications), with no mortality. Surgery cancellations occurred in 0.5%. In conclusion, on the basis of our data, a small proportion (12.1%) of patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy may require preoperative admissions to receive the necessary treatment, and most (87.9%) preoperative admissions may not provide treatment benefit. The traditional admission approach was safe but required re-evaluation for optimal resource management.
Prediction model for in-hospital mortality in patients at high altitudes with ARDS due to COVID-19
Authors: Rodriguez Lima David Rene , Rubio Ramos Cristhian , Yepes Velasco Andrés Felipe , Gómez Cortes Leonardo Andrés , Pinilla Rojas Darío Isaías , Pinzón Rondón Ángela María , Ruíz Sternberg Ángela María
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) includes the ratio of pressure arterial oxygen and inspired oxygen fraction (P/F) ≤ 300, which is often adjusted in locations more than 1,000 meters above sea level (masl) due to hypobaric hypoxemia. The main objective of this study was to develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality among patients with ARDS due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (C-ARDS) at 2,600 masl with easily available variables at patient admission and to compare its discrimination capacity with a second model using the P/F adjusted for this high altitude.

Methods

This study was an analysis of data from patients with C-ARDS treated between March 2020 and July 2021 in a university hospital located in the city of Bogotá, Colombia, at 2,600 masl. Demographic and laboratory data were extracted from electronic records. For the prediction model, univariate analyses were performed to screen variables with p <0.25. Then, these variables were automatically selected with a backward stepwise approach with a significance level of 0.1. The interaction terms and fractional polynomials were also examined in the final model. Multiple imputation procedures and bootstraps were used to obtain the coefficients with the best external validation. In addition, total adjustment of the model and logistic regression diagnostics were performed. The same methodology was used to develop a second model with the P/F adjusted for altitude. Finally, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the two models were compared.

Results

A total of 2,210 subjects were included in the final analysis. The final model included 11 variables without interaction terms or nonlinear functions. The coefficients are presented excluding influential observations. The final equation for the model fit was g(x) = age(0.04819)+weight(0.00653)+height(-0.01856)+haemoglobin(-0.0916)+platelet count(-0.003614)+ creatinine(0.0958)+lactate dehydrogenase(0.001589)+sodium(-0.02298)+potassium(0.1574)+systolic pressure(-0.00308)+if moderate ARDS(0.628)+if severe ARDS(1.379), and the probability of in-hospital death was p (x) = e g (x)/(1+ e g (x)). The AUC of the ROC curve was 0.7601 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74–0, 78). The second model with the adjusted P/F presented an AUC of 0.754 (95% CI 0.73–0.77). No statistically significant difference was found between the AUC curves (p value = 0.6795).

Conclusion

This study presents a prediction model for patients with C-ARDS at 2,600 masl with easily available admission variables for early stratification of in-hospital mortality risk. Adjusting the P/F for 2,600 masl did not improve the predictive capacity of the model. We do not recommend adjusting the P/F for altitude.
An integrated system to assess marine extinctions
Authors: Yáñez-Arenas Arturo , Nakamura Miguel , Trites Andrew W. , Reyes-Bonilla Héctor , Hernández-Camacho Claudia Janetl , Galván-Magaña Felipe , Borcherding Jost , del Monte-Luna Pablo
Published: October 2023

More than 20 global marine extinctions and over 700 local extinctions have reportedly occurred during the past 500 years. However, available methods to determine how many of these species can be confidently declared true disappearances tend to be data-demanding, time-consuming, and not applicable to all taxonomic groups or scales of marine extinctions (global [G] and local [L]). We developed an integrated system to assess marine extinctions (ISAME) that can be applied to any taxonomic group at any geographic scale. We applied the ISAME method to 10 case studies to illustrate the possible ways in which the extinction status of marine species can be categorized as unverified, possibly extinct, or extinct. Of the 10 case studies we assessed, the ISAME method concludes that 6 should be categorized as unverified extinctions due to problems with species’ identity and lack of reliable evidence supporting their disappearance (periwinkle—Littoraria flammea [G], houting—Coregonus oxyrinchus [G], long-spined urchin—Diadema antillarum [L], smalltooth sawfish—Pristis pectinata [L], and largetooth sawfish—P. pristis [L]). In contrast, ISAME classified the Guadalupe storm-petrel (Oceanodroma macrodactyla [G]) and the lost shark (Carcharhinus obsolerus [G]) as possibly extinct because the available evidence indicates that their extinction is plausible—while the largetooth sawfish [L] and Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas [G]) were confirmed to be extinct. Determining whether a marine population or species is actually extinct or still extant is needed to guide conservation efforts and prevent further biodiversity losses.
Developing similarity matrices for antibody-protein binding interactions
Authors: Islam Sumaiya , Pantazes Robert J.
Published: October 2023

The inventions of AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold are revolutionizing computational protein science due to their abilities to reliably predict protein structures. Their unprecedented successes are due to the parallel consideration of several types of information, one of which is protein sequence similarity information. Sequence homology has been studied for many decades and depends on similarity matrices to define how similar or different protein sequences are to one another. A natural extension of predicting protein structures is predicting the interactions between proteins, but similarity matrices for protein-protein interactions do not exist. This study conducted a mutational analysis of 384 non-redundant antibody–protein antigen complexes to calculate antibody-protein interaction similarity matrices. Every important residue in each antibody and each antigen was mutated to each of the other 19 commonly occurring amino acids and the percentage changes in interaction energies were calculated using three force fields: CHARMM, Amber, and Rosetta. The data were used to construct six interaction similarity matrices, one for antibodies and another for antigens using each force field. The matrices exhibited both commonalities, such as mutations of aromatic and charged residues being the most detrimental, and differences, such as Rosetta predicting mutations of serines to be better tolerated than either Amber or CHARMM. A comparison to nine previously published similarity matrices for protein sequences revealed that the new interaction matrices are more similar to one another than they are to any of the previous matrices. The created similarity matrices can be used in force field specific applications to help guide decisions regarding mutations in protein-protein binding interfaces.
Flanders Nursing Home (FLANH) project: Protocol of a multicenter longitudinal observational study on staffing, work environment, rationing of care, and resident and care worker outcomes
Authors: Geyskens Lisa , Declercq Anja , Milisen Koen , Flamaing Johan , Deschodt Mieke ,   the FLANH research consortium
Published: October 2023

Background

While the demand for high quality of care in nursing homes is rising, it is becoming increasingly difficult to recruit and retain qualified care workers. To date, evidence regarding key organizational factors such as staffing, work environment, and rationing of care, and their relationship with resident and care worker outcomes in nursing homes is still scarce. Therefore, the Flanders Nursing Home (FLANH) project aims to comprehensively examine these relationships in order to contribute to the scientific knowledge base needed for optimal quality of care and workforce planning in nursing homes.

Methods

FLANH is a multicenter longitudinal observational study in Flemish nursing homes based on survey and registry data that will be collected in 2023 and 2025. Nursing home characteristics and staffing variables will be collected through a management survey, while work environment variables, rationing of care, and care worker characteristics and outcomes will be collected through a care worker survey. Resident characteristics and outcomes will be retrieved from the Belgian Resident Assessment Instrument for long-Term Care Facilities (BelRAI LTCF) database. Multilevel regression analyses will be applied to examine the relationships between staffing variables, work environment variables, and rationing of care and resident and care worker outcomes.

Conclusion

This study will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the nursing home context and the interrelated factors influencing residents and care workers. The findings will inform the decision-making of nursing home managers and policymakers, and evidence-based strategies to optimize quality of care and workforce planning in nursing homes.
Projecting Nation: South African Cinemas after 1994, Cara Moyer-Duncan (2020)
Authors: Mututa Addamms
Published: October 2023

Review of: Projecting Nation: South African Cinemas after 1994, Cara Moyer-Duncan (2020)

East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 298 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-60917-638-9, e-book, $54.95
Traços da fenomenologia de Max Scheler na obra de Lima Vaz
Authors: Barbosa André Damasceno , Junior Nilo Ribeiro
Published: October 2023

O artigo visa identificar traços da fenomenologia de Max Scheler na obra de Henrique Cláudio de Lima Vaz. Pretende-se aprofundar a compreensão do pensamento deste filósofo brasileiro ainda pouco estudado através da aproximação de outras fontes filosóficas implícitas em sua sua escritura ética. No primeiro passo, trata-se de investigar a influência do personalismo moral de Scheler sobre a questão ética em Lima Vaz. No segundo passo, intenciona-se propugnar o ineditismo da Ética filosófica em relação ao pensamento scheleriano graças ao sistema ético-filosófico do autor que faz com que seu pensamento possa ser situado numa esfera mais elaborada do saber filosófico.
Ricoeur and the bible
Authors: Agís Villaverde Marcelino
Published: October 2023

This article briefly presents the relationship between philosophy and religion in the work of Paul Ricœur, demonstrating how he established a dialogue between both languages, both methodologies – that of philosophy and that of religion – in his philosophical and biblical hermeneutics. The article briefly recaps Ricœur’s personal and intellectual trajectory and the way he dealt with this double allegiance, showing the differences between biblical and philosophical hermeneutics but also their relation in Ricœur’s works
Sobre a retórica do negacionismo da COVID-19
Authors: Vieira Monteiro Carlos , Ribeiro Henrique Jales
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo, procura-se enquadrar na perspetiva da retórica e da argumentação a problemática do chamado “negacionismo” da COVID-19, entendendo-se por um tal conceito não tanto ou simplesmente a rejeição da identificação médica dessa doença, mas, fundamentalmente, quer a negação da sua gravidade e a da sua amplitude pandémica como matéria de saúde pública, quer a negação das medidas adotadas para a combater, de maneira geral, pelas autoridades competentes. As posições defendidas sobre o assunto por uma autoridade médica especializada, mas rotulada e estigmatizada como “negacionista” (Fernando Nobre, médico, ex-Professor catedrático convidado da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa e doutor honoris causa pela mesma Universidade), servem de caso em estudo.
O real — no conhecimento
Authors: Reis José
Published: October 2023

Não há a anterioridade e por isso a independência das coisas em relação ao sujeito. Porque, para as afirmarmos lá, já tivemos de as perceber antes. Não havendo mais, nestas condições, o antigo conhecer. É o que um novo exemplo faz palpável.
A desconstrução como desconstrução dos humanismos em Derrida
Authors: Bernardo Martha Luiza Macedo Costa
Published: October 2023

O artigo propõe apresentar o movimento de desconstrução do humanismo em Derrida em A escritura e a diferença. Parto de um trabalho exegético, na trilha das ocorrências do termo “humanismo” na mencionada obra, com o intuito de determinar seus usos diferentes e em que sentidos a desconstrução derridiana deve ser compreendida já, em seus primeiros escritos, como uma desconstrução do humanismo. Para tal, minha análise se dedicou a três textos centrais no referido livro: Violence et métaphysique, essai sur la pensée d’Emmanuel Lévinas; La parole souflée; La structure, le signe, le jeu dans le discours des Sciences Humaines.
Entre líneas y aulas. 21 docentes latinoamericanos narran sus experiencias
Authors: Linares Simancas Juan Joel , Quintero Oviedo Alberto José
Published: October 2023

Durante la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19, la educación pasó de ser presencial a remota; por ello, se tomaron medidas que en varias regiones de Suramérica fueron experiencias no tan agradables. Por otro lado, la pandemia generó profundos cambios en la práctica docente, en la enseñanza y en el aprendizaje. Muchos docentes tuvieron que enseñar y crear espacios alternativos, así como métodos y técnicas para evitar desacelerar los procesos y avances educativos. El objetivo de esta reseña es dar a conocer momentos vividos, narrados y construidos de los maestros no solo en el seno académico, sino también en el comunitario. Como método para analizar el libro se empleó la descripción. Los resultados arrojaron importantes hallazgos, sobre todo, en materia de promoción de la lectura y la escritura. Como conclusión, se tuvo que las vivencias contadas por los maestros pueden crear alternativas positivas en aras del conocimiento, así como para el fortalecimiento de otras áreas y de la convivencia en general.
Biopolítica de la comunicación, un campo para problematizar
Authors: Lencina José Daniel
Published: October 2023

La contemporaneidad se ofrece como un escenario de circulación de diversos objetos discursivos que interpelan ciertas formas vitales, prácticas y, en última instancia, producción de subjetividades. Esos discursos resultan de juegos de poder que se dinamizan no siempre a simple vista, lo que demanda un esfuerzo para descifrarlos, entenderlos y explicarlos. En línea con el pensamiento de Foucault (2006), se trata de una ontología del presente o de “nosotros mismos” (p. 97), es decir, de lo que los individuos somos en cuanto sujetos en el marco de ciertas condiciones históricas. Con el fin de guardar coherencia entre ontología y metodología (Foucault, 1999), tal análisis exige el empleo de herramientas acordes a una estrategia genealógica a través de la que se rastrean esas líneas de poder y, simultáneamente, se aproxima a aquellas experiencias que, en cuanto trayectorias hermenéuticas críticas, trazan recorridos por fuera de lo mayoritario en el campo comunicacional. Como resultado aparece la exploración mediante lo que se opta por nominar trayectos experimentales comunicacionales/periodísticos críticos, como ejercicios minoritarios desde una ontología del presente, para concluir en la necesidad existencial de una biopolítica de la comunicación como campo de problematización que responda a la singularidad de una actualidad configurada discursivamente. De esta manera, las relaciones problemáticas entre discursos, medios y técnicas se presentan como campo reflexivo y político para la creación de nuevos mundos a partir de la comunicación.
El giro del concepto de empatía al de amor compasivo en el abordaje de las vulnerabilidades a través de las artes
Authors: Parra Grondona Agustín
Published: October 2023

Este artículo cuestiona el uso excesivo y acrítico de la empatía en proyectos de investigación creación aplicada con población vulnerable debido al riesgo de generar fatiga por distrés empático. Se cuestiona el uso inadecuado del término fatiga por compasión, pues se ha demostrado que la compasión no produce fatiga. En este contexto, se propone recurrir al concepto de amor compasivo, que ha tenido un interesante desarrollo conceptual tanto desde las neurociencias como desde el campo de las artes aplicadas al desarrollo del bienestar en poblaciones vulnerables. Este concepto, además, cuenta con novedosas herramientas psicométricas de evaluación que permiten determinar la efectividad de un proceso formativo en amor compasivo basado en las artes.
“aMorales” en dictadura. Vertiente material de las violencias hacia las disidencias sexo-genéricas a través del estudio de caso de la Policía de la provincia de Buenos Aires (1976-1983) (Segunda Parte)
Authors: Solari Paz Ana Cecilia
Published: October 2023

Esta investigación es un aporte a la construcción de conocimiento que pretende profundizar la pregunta sobre el objetivo de “exterminio” del terrorismo de Estado implementado por la última dictadura argentina (1976-1983), aportando una serie de elementos para pensar qué quedó fuera de la mira de este gran proceso represivo que produjo muertes, desapariciones, que destruyó toda una serie de sujetxs, para poder pensar en otros temas que fueron reprimidos mucho menos visiblemente.

Este proyecto se inserta en el campo de los estudios de Historia Reciente Argentina y estudios de Terrorismo de Estado, enfocados desde una perspectiva sexo genero disidente, mirando desde el presente cosas que no se han visto desde ese lugar, que no aparecen en las historias dominantes.

Mi propósito consiste en reconstruir la estructura y el funcionamiento de la Policía de la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el periodo, para poder identificar, a posteriori, las áreas encargadas de la represión hacia las disidencias sexo genéricas y sus múltiples y diversas prácticas desplegadas en el territorio, enmarcadas en un momento particular de la historia argentina, en el que el Proceso de Reorganización Nacional puso en funcionamiento una maquinaria del terror, un accionar represivo inédito en sus características, dispositivos y escalas, con el objetivo de “realizar un escarmiento histórico a quien subvierta la norma”, se propuso “exterminar al enemigo”, al “terrorista”, que “es cualquiera que difunde ideas que son contrarias a la civilización occidental y cristiana”, que es quien produce un “trastocamiento de los valores tradicionales; es decir, subversión. Porque subversión no es ni más ni menos que eso: subversión de los valores esenciales del ser nacional”, “subversivos” que “apuntan a destruir la familia, la sociedad y los pilares fundamentales de la República”.
Recorrido sensible en las calles de chimalhuacán: cuerpo y emociones en una marcha feminista*
Authors: Carpio Pacheco Carla V.
Published: October 2023

Las marchas son un recurso ampliamente utilizado por la protesta social sobre todo en ámbitos urbanos. Su presencia en las calles hace visibles y tangibles los cuerpos indignados, incluso de quienes ya no están pero que alzan la voz a través de quienes salen a las calles. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar la relevancia de las marchas feministas como dispositivo de la protesta social y su interacción con el espacio urbano a partir de la noción de corpografías urbanas, lo que permite analizar el vínculo de las emociones y el cuerpo en el activismo político.  De modo particular me refiero al caso de la Marcha contra las violencias machistas en el municipio de Chimalhuacán, Estado de México en 2017 que describo a partir de mi trabajo de investigación participante. Este artículo pretende contribuir en la investigación interdisciplinar de las protestas sociales, en particular las marchas feministas de la cuarta ola que han puesto en práctica formas novedosas de ocupación del espacio público. Asimismo, se pretende mostrar el desarrollo de dichas manifestaciones que movilizan una serie de redes de apoyo y creación colectiva de las que la marcha es sólo el resultado más visible.
Tejiendo comunidad: reflexiones sobre lo LGBTIQ+ en la comuna 6, como un aporte a la construcción de paz
Authors: Restrepo Acevedo Isabel Cristina , Taborda Zapata Johnatan Alonso
Published: October 2023

El presente texto da cuenta del proceso del proyecto Tejiendo comunidad: una apuesta para la construcción de paz en el barrio Santander, desarrollado por la Universidad de Antioquia y la Corporación Casa Mía. Se esbozan los planteamientos conceptuales, antecedentes y desarrollos realizados con la comunidad desde la perspectiva de la cocreación y la diversidad de género LGBTIQ+, como un aporte para la construcción de paz en la comuna 6 de Medellín. Se explica la metodología interdisciplinar de la investigación-creación la cual articula: recolección de información por medio del diagnóstico rápido participativo (DRP), los laboratorios transmedia de cocreación y la activación de estrategias de comunicación comunitaria. También se presenta un análisis del proceso y los resultados preliminares, y se generan unas conclusiones que permiten dar cuenta de la difusión científica y el diálogo académico con otros actores.
Volver a nombrarte: un gesto poético-político con las madres de la candelaria
Authors: Arboleda Zapata Jhon Ferney
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se hace una descripción y reflexión sobre un proceso de creación teatral que se tuvo con un grupo de nueve mujeres integrantes del colectivo Madres de la Candelaria. Con ellas se realizó un trabajo de sensibilización hacia el teatro y sus formas con el fin de crear un gesto teatral poético-político como parte de la celebración de su aniversario número 23, develando afectos, sensibilidades y deseos en cada una de las participantes durante el proceso de montaje y presentación. Un ejercicio que puso en evidencia la necesidad y la fuerte voluntad de estas mujeres de seguir construyendo memoria y persistir en la elaboración de sus duelos, proponiendo acciones que contribuyan a la labor de búsqueda de personas dadas por desaparecidas y aportar a sus procesos de sanación simbólica
Cuerpos en movimiento, corporrelatos en transición: intuiciones para sublevar el escenario transicional en Colombia*
Authors: Bautista Vigueras Xanath Bautista Vigueras
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo busca compartir algunas inquietudes y gestos artístico/reflexivos que constituyen un proceso de investigación doctoral en curso. Su propósito es mostrar cómo a través de una perspectiva somático-performativa desde la danza es posible sublevar algunos componentes del carácter histórico, social y político que se vive en Colombia tras la firma de los Acuerdos de paz del 2016 entre el Gobierno Nacional y las FARC-EF. Guiada por distintas pautas cartográficas que entrelazan exploración corporal y escritura performativa –corporrelatos– se expone un abordaje metodológico que centra su atención e intención en indagar lo que el campo de los estudios de las transiciones políticas ofrece a la danza; y cómo ésta al mismo tiempo aporta en la dimensión de movimiento político desde los cuerpos. Atender la actual transición política desde dicha perspectiva de la danza despliega procesos que podrían enunciar cómo y qué es lo que en ella se mueve, reconociendo las particularidades que toma en Colombia desde los sujetos que la viven y no desde cierta generalidad institucional que la impone.
Gen-ea-logia de las corporeidades que crean en torno a las prácticas danzarías desde el suma en ámbitos comunitarios
Authors: Acero Ardila Rafael Antonio
Published: October 2023

Este artículo y relato apunta a presentar de una manera muy suelta y dispersa una genealogía del proceso que ha seguido la investigación-creación desde el sistema SUMA, con diferentes tipos de población, en colegios, jardines, universidades y con la Corporación Cultural Sueño Mestizo, el cual es uno de los temas principales de la Tesis: Corporeidad, prácticas danzarias y precariedad del Doctorado en estudios Artísticos. Este enunciado parte de la candidatura doctoral y de los temas que propone, justifican y dialogan conmigo como Doctorante, mi travesía por el proceso investigativo y la construcción de conocimiento que aporta a la linea y a los estudios artísticos en sí. Una tesis que busca dentro de su pregunta responder ¿Cómo las prácticas danzarías del SUMA procuran transformaciones en la experiencia corporal de comunidades en situación de vulnerabilidad y precariedad?, desde ahí pronuncia y busca articular formas de ser y de pensar, con un estado del arte, con autores, con justificaciones varias y con la T-existencia del SUMA a través de procesos sociales artísticos y comunitarios.
Analisis Sistem Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Lingkungan Area Berbahaya
Authors: Setiawan Enggal , Nugroho Agung , Zaman Badrus
Published: October 2023

Analisis sistem keselamatan kerja khususnya dalam tata aturan penggunaan peralatan listrik yang digunakan di lingkungan area berbahaya merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dalam suatu proses industri,terutama dengan keberadaan bahan kimia berupa gas yang mudah terbakar yang menjadi alasan bahwa area tersebut termasuk dalam kategori area berbahaya.  Standar sistem keamanan peralatan listrik berdasarkan ketentuan ATEX dan lembaga sertifikasi peralatan teknis pada area berbahaya sebagai hal mutlak yang harus diperhatikan. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, menunjukkan peralatan listrik yang digunakan pada area berbahaya sudah sesuai dengan standar keselamatan dan sudah tersertifikasi untuk penggunaan di area berbahaya dengan disertai kajian terhadap faktor resiko dan cara penanggulangan bahaya. Sebagai data referensi, dilakukan perbandingan dengan acuan dari jurnal Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Keberlanjutan melalui perusahaan yang kompetitif dan bertanggung jawab (SCORE) yang dipublikasi oleh ILO (International Labour Organization). Kata kunci: Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja; Area berbahaya; Peralatan listrik; KlasifikasiAbstract [Analysis of occupational safety and health systems in hazardous area environments] Analysis of work safety systems, especially in the regulation of the use of electrical equipment used in the environment of hazardous areas is a very important part in an industrial process, especially with the presence of chemicals in the form of flammable gases which is the reason that the area is included in the hazardous area category. Electrical equipment safety system standards based on ATEX regulations and technical equipment certification bodies in hazardous areas are absolutely essential. Based on the analysis carried out, it shows that electrical equipment used in hazardous areas is in accordance with safety standards and has been certified for use in hazardous areas accompanied by a study of risk factors and how to deal with hazards. As reference data, a comparison is made with references from the journal Occupational Safety and Health, Sustainability through competitive and responsible companies (SCORE) published by the ILO (International Labor Organization). Keywords: Occupational safety and health; Hazardous areas; Electrical equipment in hazardous areas; Classification of hazardous areas; K3 in hazardous areas.
PEMASANGAN PIPA HDPE PADA PENYAMBUNGAN PIPA IRIGASI DENGAN METODE BUTT FUSION
Authors: Syafrizal Dery , Widayat W , Darsono Suseno
Published: October 2023

This paper  was made based on the experience of implementing a network development project of the raw Spam Regional transmission pipeline BANJARBAKULA from IPA II Pinus (Kab. Banjar) to IPA Pramuka (Banjarmasin city). The path to be traversed installation of pipes not all can be accessed properly to mobilize pipes to  the location, until another alternative is found SO that HDPE pipe OD 710 mm to the location of the Pipeline installation plan, by the WAY of unwrapped HDPE pipe OD 710 mm in the irrigation channel primary Riam Kanan. Connection of HDPE pipe divided by two namely short circuit and long circuit with connection method using butt Fusion tool, until the pipe is connected to a single unit and hydrotest test results meet   the required specifications. Keywords : HDPE pipe OD 710 mm,  butt fusion,  curtain pipe, hydrotest
Efektifitas Matras dan Cerucuk Bambu Untuk Peredam Penurunan Tanah Urugan Pada Area Bandara Ahmad Yani Semarang
Authors: S Afprianto Endy , Syafrudin S. , Kodoatie Robert
Published: October 2023

Penurunan tanah yang besar akan terjadi pada tanah asli yang berupa lempung lunak area Bandara Internasional Bandara Ahmad Yani Semarang yang memiliki nilai kuat geser dan daya dukung yang rendah ketika tanah lempung diberi beban luar saat seperti ini dapat membahayakan bangunan diatasnya ketika tak diberi perkuatan. Cerucuk bambu dan matras bambu adalah solusi alternatif. Perilaku matras bambu serupa sebagai pondasi menerus ( raft foundation ), sedangkan cerucuk bambu serupa dengan pondasi dalam. Bambu yang digunakan adalah bambu petung dengan diameter 10 cm dengan kualitas baik. pada pemodelan fisik kombinasi cerucuk dan matras bambu peletakan matras disusun rapi horizontal dengan 3 lapis bambu diikat memakai tali ijuk dan diikat diatas cerucuk 3 bambu yang sebelumnya ditancapkan pada tanah existing secara vertical dengan bantuan alat berat ( excavator ) . Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mendapatkan metode kerja yang paling efektif antara perkuatan tanah dengan matras cerucuk bamboo dan perkuatan tanah konvensional ( pre loading ) dalam mendukung pekerjaan Sistem Tata Air ( Water Management ).Kata kunci : Penurunan tanah, Perkuatan tanah, Efektif, Matras cerucuk bambu, Konvensional Abstract A large subsidence will occur on the original soil in the form of soft clay in the area of Ahmad Yani International Airport, Semarang which has a low value of shear strength and bearing capacity when the clay is subjected to an external load, at a time like this it can endanger the building above it when it is not reinforced. Bamboo cones and bamboo mats are alternative solutions. The behavior of the bamboo mat is similar to that of a raft foundation, while the bamboo pit is similar to that of a deep foundation. The bamboo used is petung bamboo with a diameter of 10 cm with good quality. in the physical modeling of the combination of bamboo niches and bamboo mats, the mats were arranged horizontally with 3 layers of bamboo tied using palm fiber ropes and tied on top of 3 bamboo culms which were previously plugged into the existing ground vertically with the help of heavy equipment (excavators). This study aims to obtain the most effective working method between soil reinforcement with bamboo cerucuk mats and conventional soil reinforcement (pre loading) in supporting the work of the Water Management System (Water Management).Key words : Soil subsidence, Soil reinforcement, Effective, Bamboo pile ,mattress, Conventional
Manajemen Waktu Tahap Konstruksi Pekerjaan Struktur Pada Pembangunan Mall Living World Denpasar Bali
Authors: Fitriyani Nismalia , Setyo Huboyo Haryono , Nugroho Agung
Published: October 2023

Pada pembangunan proyek gedung penerapan manajemen waktu sangat penting. Agar proyek berjalansesuai dengan waktu yang sudah direncanakan maka dilakukan manajemen waktu. Metode CPM dan PERT merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk manajemen waktu. Pada manajemen waktu dilakukan membuat jaringan kerja dan menentukan lintasan kritis sehingga mendapatkan durasi dari metode CPM dan PERT. Dari hasil metode CPM perhitungan durasi penyelesaian adalah 238 hari sedangkan menggunakan metode PERT sebanyak236,35 hari. Probabilitas keberhasilan proyek dengan durasi 238 hari sebesar 62,17%. Dengan menggunalan metode PERT probabilitas keberhasilan proyek sebesar 80%- 95,59% dibutuhkan durasi selama 245-250 hari. Pada saat proses pengawasan manajemen waktu dilakukan pengendalian jadwal. Dari hasil analisa kendala-kenadala manajemen waktu yang dilakukan selama periode 23-38 yang terbanyak adalah kendala dari pekerja atau manpower yaitu sebanyak 22%
Desain Pekerjaan Tanah pada Proyek Pembangunan Jalan Tol Solo NYIA Kulon Progo
Authors: Daliman D , Djaeni Muhammad , Hardyanti Nurandani
Published: October 2023

Pembangunan jalan tol Solo – NYIA Kulon Progo akan memberikan dampak positif bagi wilayah sekitar. Trase jalan tol melewati berbagai panorama dan kontur tanah, salah satunya adalah perbukitan dengan kontur tanah miring di wilayah Kecamatan Sentolo, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Dibutuhkan teknik yang tepat untuk membangun jalan tol, khususnya pekerjaan tanah, pada wilayah ini dengan memperhatikan K3L. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa beberapa langkah untuk melaksanakan pekerjaan tanah meliputi: pemilihan jalan akses masuk, pembersihan lokasi, pembongkaran struktur dan bangunan tidak terpakai, pekerjaan galian, penimbunan dan hamparan, pemadatan. Pada pelaksanaan pekerjaan tanah tersebut diperlukan pemahaman mengenai pedoman pelaksanaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta selalu memperhatikan rencana keselamatan, kesehatan kerja dan lingkungan. Kata kunci: earthworks; toll road projects; K3L. Abstract Earthwork Design on Toll Road Project Solo – NYIA Kulon Progo. The construction of the Solo - NYIA Kulon Progo toll road will have a positive impact on the surrounding area. The toll road alignment passes through various panoramas and land contours, one of which is hills with sloping land contours in the Sentolo District, Kulon Progo Regency. It takes the right technique to build toll roads, especially earthworks, in this area by paying attention to K3L. This research uses literature study method. Based on the research results, it was found that several steps to carry out earthworks include: selection of access roads, site cleaning, dismantling of unused structures and buildings, excavation work, stockpiling and stretching, compaction. In the implementation of the earthworks, it is necessary to understand the guidelines for implementing occupational safety and health and always pay attention to the work safety, health and environmental plans.  Keyword: earthworks; toll road projects; K3L.