bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemostatic Profile and Serum Levels of Interferon Gamma-Induced Protein 10 (IP-10) in Neonates Born to Mothers with COVID-19 During the Peripartum Period
Authors: Sokou Rozeta , Bikouli Efstathia-Danai , Tsantes Andreas G. , Halvatsiotis Panagiotis , Houhoula Dimitra , Taliaka Kopanou Paschalia , Liakou Paraskevi , Tavoulari Evangelia-Filothei , Piovani Daniele , Bonovas Stefanos , Iliodromiti Zoi , Boutsikou Theodora , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Theodoraki Martha , Tsantes Argirios E.
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns regarding its potential impact on maternal and neonatal health. This study aimed to investigate the immunologic and hemostatic profiles of neonates exposed to SARS-CoV-2 during the peripartum period (0–14 days prior to delivery). This retrospective study included 28 neonates born to COVID-19-positive mothers during the peripartum period and a control group of 54 neonates born to mothers who never tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. Arterial blood samples were collected from all neonates on the second day of life for the simultaneous assessment of full blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) levels, as well as Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) tests (EXTEM, INTEM, and NATEM). Neonates born to COVID-19-positive mothers and those born to COVID-19-negative mothers exhibited similar coagulation profiles based on ROTEM analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that peripartum COVID-19 infection was associated with higher IP-10 levels in neonates (coefficient: +16.8, 95% CI: +9.0 to +24.6, p < 0.0001). Our study findings suggest that the presence of immunologic disturbance in neonates is related to recent peripartum exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evidenced by increased IP-10 levels in blood samples obtained from neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers. However, peripartum exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 did not appear to disrupt the hemostatic profile of the exposed newborns based on ROTEM test results.
P2Y1 and P2Y12 Receptors Mediate Aggregation of Dog and Cat Platelets: A Comparison to Human Platelets
Authors: Sophocleous Reece A. , Curtis Stephen J. , Curtis Belinda L. , Ooi Lezanne , Sluyter Ronald
Published: January 2025

Thrombosis is one of the most prevalent and serious health issues amongst humans. A key component of thrombotic events is the activation and aggregation of platelets, of which the P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors play a crucial role in this process. Despite a breadth of knowledge on thrombosis and its mechanisms and treatment in various disorders in humans, there is less of an understanding of the expression and exact role of these receptors in companion animals such as dogs and cats. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors on dog and cat platelets in platelet-rich plasma and compare them to human platelets. Immunoblotting revealed the presence of P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptor proteins on dog and cat platelets, although relative amounts of each receptor appeared to contrast those of human platelets, with increased amounts of P2Y1 compared to P2Y12 receptors in dogs and cats. Using a modified 384-well plate aggregation assay, designed for use with small volumes, the human P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptor agonists adenosine 5′-diphosphate and 2-methylthio-adenosine 5′-diphosphate caused aggregation of dog and cat platelets. This aggregation was near-completely inhibited by the selective P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor. Aggregation of dog and cat platelets was partly inhibited by the human P2Y1 receptor antagonist MRS2179. The agonist and antagonist responses in dog and cat platelets were like those of human platelets. In contrast, the aggregation of dog platelets in the absence of added nucleotides was two-fold greater than that of cats and humans. This study indicates that platelets of cats and dogs possess functional P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors that can be inhibited by human antagonists. The data presented suggest differing roles or responses of the platelet P2Y receptors in dogs and cats compared to humans but also highlight the potential of using currently available P2Y1 or P2Y12 antiplatelet drugs such as ticagrelor for the treatment of thrombosis in these companion animals.
Fluence Rate-Dependent Kinetics of Light-Triggered Liposomal Doxorubicin Assessed by Quantitative Fluorescence-Based Endoscopic Probe
Authors: Rohrbach Daniel J. , Carter Kevin A. , Luo Dandan , Shao Shuai , Aygun-Sunar Semra , Lovell Jonathan F. , Sunar Ulas
Published: January 2025

Liposomal doxorubicin (Dox), a treatment option for recurrent ovarian cancer, often suffers from suboptimal biodistribution and efficacy, which might be addressed with precision drug delivery systems. Here, we introduce a catheter-based endoscopic probe designed for multispectral, quantitative monitoring of light-triggered drug release. This tool utilizes red-light photosensitive porphyrin−phospholipid (PoP), which is encapsulated in liposome bilayers to enhance targeted drug delivery. By integrating diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy, our approach not only corrects for the effects of tissue optical properties but also ensures accurate drug delivery to deep-seated tumors. Preliminary results validate the probe’s effectiveness in controlled settings, highlighting its potential for future clinical adaptation. This study sets the stage for in vivo applications, enabling the exploration of next-generation treatment paradigms for the management of cancer that involve optimizing chemotherapy administration for precision and control.
Chitosan-Based Materials for Peripheral Nerve Repair—New Pre-Clinical Data on Degradation Behavior at the Nerve Repair Site and Critical Opinion on Their Translational Impact
Authors: Ronchi Giulia , Ackva Christina , Fregnan Federica , Zen Federica , Muratori Luisa , Crosio Alessandro , Metzen Jennifer , Haastert-Talini Kirsten
Published: January 2025

Before clinical approval of chitosan nerve conduits (CNCs) less than 10 years ago, substantial material degradation was not reported from pre-clinical research. The current study investigated the biodegradation of two different CNC variants in the median nerve model. In adult rats, 10 mm long CNCs were secured covering end-to-end repair sites. After 2, 6, 12, and 18 months, the implantation sites were inspected, and samples harvested. Histology was performed in order to analyze local immune response or foreign body tissue reaction around the devices or within nerve samples. Further, the number of myelinated nerve fibers and the condition of the chitosan material was evaluated. Data confirmed that different CNC variants did not induce tissue reaction or negatively impact the condition of the regenerated nerve. At late time points, some specific variants were demonstrated to have resulted in encapsulated material debris in the vicinity of the original implantation side. The reported degradation behavior resembles recent clinical reports and indicates that implantation sites for CNCs need to be chosen carefully. Nerve regeneration itself is undisturbed, but narrow implantation sites should be avoided for eliminating the risk of foreign body sensation with immunologically inert material degradation.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of a Four-miRNA Signature in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gattuso Giuseppe , Longo Federica , Spoto Graziana , Ricci Daria , Lavoro Alessandro , Candido Saverio , Di Cataldo Antonio , Broggi Giuseppe , Salvatorelli Lucia , Magro Gaetano , Libra Massimo , Falzone Luca
Published: January 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, CRC mortality remains high, especially in industrialized countries. Numerous studies have highlighted the pathogenetic role of altered microRNA (miRNA) expression among the various factors contributing to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the data regarding specific miRNAs involved in CRC pathogenesis remain inconsistent, and no miRNAs have been recognized so far as reliable or effective biomarkers for the diagnosis of this tumor type. To identify novel miRNA biomarkers in CRC, this study validated the expression levels of a four-miRNA signature predicted to be involved in CRC by analyzing both tissue and liquid biopsy samples. Our experimental and bioinformatics results highlighted the diagnostic potential of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-503-5p, and hsa-miR-375, as well as the potential prognostic value of hsa-miR-497-5p overexpression and hsa-miR-375-3p downregulation. Overall, the results obtained suggest the diagnostic and prognostic significance of this four-miRNA signature in CRC.
Urtica dioica Aqueous Leaf Extract: Chemical Composition and In Vitro Evaluation of Biological Activities
Authors: Dakhli Nouha , López-Jiménez Auxiliadora , Cárdenas Casimiro , Hraoui Manel , Dhaouafi Jihene , Bernal Manuel , Sebai Hichem , Medina Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

Urtica dioica L. has been used as a natural remedy due to its healing properties for over 2000 years. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor properties in vitro of the aqueous extract of Urtica dioica leaves (AEUD). The chemical composition was assessed by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a benchtop QExactive high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry operating in a data-dependent acquisition mode as a non-target approach. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion were used to assess the antibacterial efficacy against nine bacterial strains. The antioxidant impact was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ferrous ion-chelating ability assays. By using the MTT method, the cytotoxicity effect of AEUD on colon cancer cell HCT-116 was evaluated. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Finally, the anti-migration and anti-invasion properties of AEUD on HCT-116 cells were estimated using the wound healing test and Transwell assays. AEUD is a rich source of phenolic compounds. The results of disc diffusion and MIC showed that the AEUD is more active against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria. MTT assay confirmed that the AEUD inhibited HCT-116 colon cancer cell proliferation. Findings of flow cytometry confirmed that cell cycle arrest occurred at the G2 phase. Additionally, AEUD had anti-migration and anti-invasion effects. This study shows that Urtica dioica aqueous leaf extract exhibits potential antibacterial, antioxidant, and antitumoral activities on HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
Global Trends in Research on Biological Control Agents of Drosophila suzukii: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abeijon Lenon Morales , Birkhan Júlia , Lee Jana C. , Ovruski Sérgio Marcelo , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello
Published: January 2025

It is essential to consolidate knowledge on biological control agents (BCAs) for Drosophila suzukii, to identify gaps, evaluate the effectiveness of existing strategies, and guide future research toward sustainable pest management. The biological control of SWD has been explored through various BCAs, focusing on parasitoids, predators, and entomopathogens. We conducted a systematic review using Web of Science and Scopus (2012–2023) to investigate global research on BCAs of SWD. Our goal was to synthesize and categorize the current scientific production, addressing questions such as (1) publication numbers per BCA group and species, (2) key BCAs, (3) common methodologies (laboratory, field, greenhouse, or combined), (4) research scope, (5) effectiveness of BCAs, and (6) countries conducting research. We found 585 records, 184 of which were suitable for analysis. The most studied BCAs are parasitoids, comprising 64% of publications, with Trichopria drosophilae and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae being the most researched, followed by Leptopilina japonica and Ganaspis kimorum. Entomopathogens and predators represent 26% and 7% of publications, respectively. Studies under controlled conditions predominate, and surveys, identifications, and characterization of natural enemies are the main research foci, followed by conservation biological control showing the highest effectiveness.
Beyond the Lumen: Molecular Imaging to Unmask Vulnerable Coronary Plaques
Authors: Currie Geoffrey , Kiat Hosen
Published: January 2025

Vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaque involves a dynamic pathophysiologic process within and surrounding an atheromatous plaque in coronary artery intima. The process drastically increases the risk of plaque rupture and is clinically responsible for most cases of acute coronary syndromes, myocardial infarctions, and sudden cardiac deaths. Early detection of vulnerable plaque is crucial for clinicians to implement appropriate risk-mitigation treatment strategies, offer timely interventions, and prevent potentially life-threatening events. There is an imperative clinical need to develop practical diagnostic pathways that utilize non-invasive means to risk-stratify symptomatic patients. Since the early 1990s, the identification of vulnerable plaque in clinical practice has primarily relied on invasive imaging techniques. In the last two decades, CT coronary angiogram (CTCA) has rapidly evolved into the prevalent non-invasive diagnostic modality for assessing coronary anatomy. There are now validated plaque appearances on CTCA correlating with plaque vulnerability. It is worth noting that in clinical practice, most CTCA reports omit mention of vulnerable plaque details because spatial resolution (0.3–0.5 mm) is often insufficient to reliably detect some crucial features of vulnerable plaques, such as thin fibrous caps. Additionally, accurately identifying vulnerable plaque features requires substantial expertise and time, which many cardiologists or radiologists may lack in routine reporting. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) is also non-invasive and allows simultaneous anatomic and functional assessment of coronary plaques. Despite several decades of research and development, routine clinical application of cMRI in coronary plaque imaging remains hampered by complex imaging protocols, inconsistent image quality, and cost. Molecular imaging with radiotracers, specifically positron emission tomography (PET) with sodium fluoride (Na18F PET), have demonstrated significant potential as a sensitive and specific imaging procedure for diagnosing vulnerable coronary artery plaque. The study protocol is robust and brief, requiring minimal patient preparation. Compared to CTCA and cMRI, the diagnostic accuracy of this test is less dependent on the experience and expertise of the readers. Furthermore, validated automated quantitative algorithms complement the visual interpretation of the study, enhancing confidence in the diagnosis. This combination of factors makes Na18F PET a promising tool in cardiology for identifying high-risk coronary plaques.
Impact of Hidradenitis Suppurativa on Sexual Quality of Life
Authors: Caliezi Annik , Rabufetti Andrea , Hunger Robert , Wolf Ronald , Seyed Jafari S. Morteza
Published: January 2025

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects about 1% of the world’s population. It is characterized by round, painful nodules, abscesses or sinuses, often in the genital area. HS has the worst impact on quality of life (QoL) of any dermatological condition. Methods: The aim of this systematic review is to analyze how HS affects patients’ sexual quality of life (SQoL), herein defined as a person’s evaluation of their sexual relationships, including physical and mental aspects, and their response to this evaluation. Results: The systematic search yielded 41 primary results. After screening, 6 studies were selected for this review. Men with HS suffer from lower SQoL than male controls and sexual dysfunction is more common in both male and female patients than in controls. Sexual dysfunction is worse in all HS patients than in controls, and worse in female patients than in male patients. Disease severity is not related to any of the sexual concepts analysed. Conclusions: HS has a strong impact on SQoL, as patients suffer from sexual dysfunction and sexual distress more often than healthy controls, and feel that their relationships are negatively affected by the disease. Therefore, the impact of HS on SQoL should be further investigated, especially the psychological aspect of SQoL.
A Review of Research Progress on Cables and Towed Objects of the Ocean Engineering Towing System
Authors: Qi Kefu , Zhang Jianing , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jinlong , Gan Ruijun
Published: January 2025

Towing operations are widely applied in various fields such as maritime accident rescue, assisting large vessels entering and exiting ports, and transporting large ocean platforms. Tugboats and the towed objects form a complex multi-body system connected by flexible cables, and during operations, they are subjected to the effects of complex marine environmental loads. Current research focuses on using numerical simulations and model tests in water tanks to study the motion response of towed objects and cables under the action of environmental loads. There is a lack of research that combines the mechanical response and structural strength with the load conditions of towing operations. Taking cables as an example, most studies focus on the mechanical properties of cables without considering the impact of towing conditions. After reviewing the literature, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the existing research and points out several potential research directions in the field of towing: the mechanical response of cables during the initial stage of towing, experiments on towing by multiple tugboats, research on composite fiber cables using experimental and finite element simulation methods, and structural optimization of components related to towing operations.
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists and Cognitive Outcomes in Cardiovascular Disease and Beyond: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pastena Paola , Campagnoli Gabriele , Rahmani Ali Reza , Kalogeropoulos Andreas P.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Cognitive impairment is a debilitating comorbidity affecting diverse patient populations, yet the cognitive effects of therapies like mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) remain underexplored. Preclinical evidence suggests that MRAs, particularly spironolactone, may reduce cognitive decline by modulating aldosterone-dependent pathways and targeting hippocampal receptors. However, evidence in humans is fragmented, and no systematic review has consolidated these findings. This review evaluates the cognitive effects of MRAs, synthesizes current data, and identifies research gaps. Methods: A literature search using terms related to MRAs and cognitive outcomes was performed in PubMed and Web of Science from 1979 to 2023. A total of 143 articles were identified and 85 were screened after removing duplicates. Ultimately, 44 studies were included and were classified based on study design and population focus (preclinical, healthy controls, patients with psychiatric disorders, and cardiovascular patients). Results: Spironolactone demonstrated mixed effects on cognition. In healthy participants, it improved spatial memory under stress and prevented stress-related suppression of medial temporal activity, but impaired working memory and selective attention. In patients with psychiatric conditions, spironolactone reduced cognitive empathy deficits in major depressive disorder and improved working memory in bipolar I disorder. In cardiovascular patients, spironolactone improved cognitive scores and hippocampal memory but had no effect on non-hippocampal memory. Conclusions: Spironolactone exhibits potential cognitive benefits across diverse populations. However, its effects on cognition are mixed, highlighting the need for further research to understand its mechanisms and therapeutic potential, particularly in patients with heart failure and other related conditions.
An Intelligent Water Level Estimation System Considering Water Level Device Gauge Image Recognition and Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Yukawa Chihiro , Oda Tetsuya , Sato Takeharu , Hirota Masaharu , Katayama Kengo , Barolli Leonard
Published: January 2025

The control of water levels in various environments is very important for predicting flooding and mitigating flood damages. Generally, water level device gauges are used to measure water levels, but the structural setting of reservoirs presents significant challenges for the installation of water level device gauges. Therefore, the solution to this problem is to apply image recognition methods using water level device gauges. In this paper, we present an intelligent water level estimation system considering water level device gauge image recognition and a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). We carried out experiments in a water reservoir to evaluate the proposed system. From the experimental results, we found that the proposed system can estimate the water level via the object recognition of numbers and symbols on the water level device gauge.
Carbon Emission Status and Regional Differences of China: High-Resolution Estimation of Spatially Explicit Carbon Emissions at the Prefecture Level
Authors: Guo Jinwei , Qi Yanbing , Luo Jiaqi , Du Guohong , Sun Jingyan , Wei Xin , Soothar Mukesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

There are disagreements regarding the accuracy of estimation and spatial distribution of carbon emissions in China. It is of great significance to estimate a more detailed carbon emission inventory for China and analyze the carbon emission characteristics of different regions. This study comprehensively estimated carbon dioxide and methane emissions (and their spatial distributions) across eight carbon-emitting sectors in 360 prefecture-level cities in China in 2020. The results indicated that total carbon emissions in China amounted to 146.00 × 108 t, with carbon dioxide and methane accounting for 95.87% and 4.13%, respectively. The industrial sector was the main source of carbon emissions, accounting for 75.42% of the total. The North China Plain, the Northeast Plain, and the Sichuan Basin were identified as the carbon emission hotspot areas with the most intensive carbon emission densities. Among the clustered four carbon emission zones based on carbon emission density and economic carbon intensity, the High Carbon Emission Density and High Economic Carbon Intensity zones accounted for 41.73% of total carbon emissions. To achieve carbon neutrality, it is essential to devise emission reduction strategies for specific areas by thoroughly considering spatially explicit variation at the prefecture level, with a focus on primary carbon-emitting cities and sectors.
Effect of Asphaltenes on the Stability of Water in Crude Oil Emulsions
Authors: Peng Yan , Zhang Xiangyu , Cheng Lihua , Zhang Hong , Tang Jieyun , Chen Hong , Fan Qinzhen , Ouyang Xinping
Published: January 2025

The presence of asphaltene, especially in heavy crude oil, causes difficulties in the de-watering/desalting process, which is the initial step of crude oil pretreatment. This study investigates the effect of asphaltenes on the stability of crude oil emulsions using a simulated oil system composed of toluene and n-heptane. It was found that asphaltenes behave like conventional surfactants, adsorbing at the oil–water interface and reducing interfacial tension. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of W/O emulsions formed from a toluene and n-heptane mixture (7:3 volume ratio) was found to be 0.05 g/L. When the asphaltene concentration was greater than CAC, the asphaltene aggregated into clusters, forming a viscoelastic interface film that enhanced the strength of the emulsion droplets. At an asphaltene concentration of 0.01 g/L, the storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) were 1.12 Pa·s and 8.94 Pa·s, respectively. The storage modulus G′ was less than the loss modulus G″, indicating that the viscoelastic nature of the emulsion, and both the G′ and G″ of the emulsions increased with the increasing asphaltene concentration. When the concentration reached 11 g/L, G′ and G″ were 1033 Pa·s and 416 Pa·s, respectively, with G′ exceeding G″, indicating that the emulsion became more stable. Moreover, increasing the solvent aromaticity led to a rise in the CAC of asphaltene, which was favorable for breaking emulsions. The findings imply that reducing the asphaltene content at the interfaces of oil–water by adding an aromatic solvent or blending with light crude oil is a feasible way to break the emulsion and further dewater and desalt.
A Combined Algorithm Approach for Optimizing Portfolio Performance in Automated Trading: A Study of SET50 Stocks
Authors: Thongkairat Sukrit , Yamaka Woraphon
Published: January 2025

This study investigates portfolio optimization for SET50 stocks using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms to address market volatility. Five DRL algorithms—Advantage Actor–Critic (A2C), Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG), Soft Actor–Critic (SAC), and Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3)—were evaluated for their effectiveness in managing risk and optimizing returns. We propose an Iterative Model Combining Algorithm (IMCA) that dynamically adjusts model weights based on market conditions to enhance performance. Our results demonstrate that IMCA consistently outperformed traditional strategies, including the Minimum Variance model. IMCA achieved a cumulative return of 14.20% and a Sharpe Ratio of 0.220, compared to the Minimum Variance model’s return of −4.35% and Sharpe Ratio of 0.018. This research highlights the adaptability and robustness of DRL algorithms for portfolio management, particularly in emerging markets like Thailand. It underscores the advantages of dynamic, data-driven strategies over static approaches.
Operational Advantages of Novel Strategies Supported by Portability and Artificial Intelligence for Breast Cancer Screening in Low-Resource Rural Areas: Opportunities to Address Health Inequities and Vulnerability
Authors: Xiques-Molina Wolmark , Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Fiorillo-Moreno Ornella , Hernández-Lastra Angel Luis , Bermúdez Valmore
Published: January 2025

Early detection of breast cancer plays a crucial role in reducing the number of cases diagnosed at advanced stages, thereby lowering the high healthcare costs required to achieve disease-free survival and helping to prevent avoidable premature deaths. However, women living in rural and low-income areas face multiple obstacles that limit their access to conventional screening methods, such as mammography, which has been widely proven effective, particularly in high-income countries. The main barriers include a lack of healthcare infrastructure, long distances to medical facilities, high costs associated with large-scale screening programs, and shortages of specialized personnel. In this context, emerging technologies offer innovative solutions with the potential to mitigate these challenges. The development of strategies supported by artificial intelligence and the use of portable devices capable of overcoming geographical and sociocultural barriers represent valuable complementary tools for strengthening community-driven screening programs and expanding the reach of large-scale initiatives. However, to date, no comprehensive analysis has been conducted on the availability of evidence assessing the outcomes of breast cancer screening programs in vulnerable and underserved communities. This manuscript outlines the benefits of emerging portable technologies powered by artificial intelligence for detecting significant breast lesions in low-resource rural areas, where traditional screening methods are often difficult to implement. It also highlights gaps in the current knowledge, drawing on the available evidence. A search using PubMed yielded 7629 articles on breast cancer screening, of which only 59 (0.77%) addressed resource-limited settings and rural populations. Further filtering identified 29 original studies (0.38%) with specific epidemiological designs involving humans as the unit of analysis. The findings revealed significant disparities in evidence availability: nine studies originated from high-income countries, while fewer than half were from low-income or lower middle-income countries. Only two studies were conducted in Latin America, specifically in Peru and Argentina. This limited evidence poses challenges for generalizing and replicating recommendations for unexplored settings.
An Unusual Case of Uremic Tumoral Calcinosis with Atypical Manifestation in a Patient on Peritoneal Dialysis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Moral Berrio Esperanza , Cox Conforme Roger A. , Elías Raúl , De La Flor José C. , Rodríguez Tudero Celia , Sánchez de la Nieta-García María Dolores , Zamora González-Mariño Rocío , Vozmediano Poyatos Carmen
Published: January 2025

Background: Uremic tumoral calcinosis (UTC) is a rare yet severe complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), predominantly occurring in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT). It is characterized by extensive soft tissue calcifications, frequently associated with chronic hyperphosphatemia and disruptions to calcium–phosphorus metabolism. Case report: This report describes a 34-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to lupus nephritis, undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). She presented with a progressively enlarging calcified mass in the proximal phalanx of the third finger on her right hand, accompanied by functional impairment. Laboratory findings revealed persistent hyperphosphatemia (8.8 mg/dL), elevated parathyroid hormone levels (901 pg/mL), and low vitamin D levels (9 ng/mL), indicating significant disturbances to mineral metabolism. Imaging studies, including X-ray and whole-body 18F-Choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), confirmed the presence of localized calcifications in the soft tissue of the proximal phalanx of the third finger on her right hand and parathyroid hyperplasia, respectively. Initial management included the optimization of phosphate binders and calcimimetic therapy, with the subsequent intensification of dialysis therapy. Transitioning to automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) with high-volume exchanges resulted in a notable improvement in biochemical parameters and the eventual remission of the calcified mass. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of comprehensive management in dialysis patients, including dietary phosphate restriction, the appropriate use of non-calcium-based binders, and tailored dialysis regimens to prevent and treat CKD-related mineral and bone disorders. It also highlights the utility of imaging modalities such as PET/CT in diagnosing UTC and monitoring response to therapy. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of UTC and optimize its management in dialysis patients.
Palaeostomate Bryozoans from Glacial Erratics in the Tvären Region, Sweden
Authors: Song Baopeng , Liang Yue , Holmer Lars E. , Strotz Luke C. , Ma Junye , Zhang Zhifei
Published: January 2025

The post-impact fauna of the Dalby Limestone of Tvären Bay has been extensively examined, with the exception of the Palaeostomate bryozoan taxa present. Here, we report three palaeostomate bryozoans found in limestone boulders recovered from glacial deposits on Ringsö Island derived from Tvären Bay, Sweden. The bryozoan fauna includes Pachydictya bifurcata, Hallopora sp., and Trematoporid sp. indet. Pachydictya bifurcata has bifoliate zoaria with two layers of zooecia oriented in opposite directions along the mesotheca. Hallopora sp. is characterized by the presence of mesozooecia, tubular autozooecia with rounded apertures, thin walls, and possessing diaphragms. The zoaria of Trematoporid sp. indet are loosely arranged and slightly ambiguous, but lack further identifying features. The report of Pachydictya bifurcata herein represents an extension of its stratigraphic range within the late Ordovician. These findings enhance our understanding of the bryozoan diversity in the region, providing the first detailed report of the presence of these taxa in this geological context.
Recent Advances in Visible Light-Induced C-H Functionalization of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
Authors: Gao Juanjuan , Fu Xinlei , Yang Kai , Liu Zhaowen
Published: January 2025

The imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine skeleton is widely present in many natural products and pharmaceutical agents. Due to its impressive and significant biological activities, such as analgesic, anti-tumor, antiosteoporosis, and anxiolytic properties, the derivatization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine skeleton has attracted widespread attention from chemists. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the derivatization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines through direct C-H functionalization, especially through visible light induction. This review highlights recent advances in visible light-induced C-H functionalization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines during the past ten years, and some reaction mechanisms are also discussed.
Solubility and Diffusion of Main Biogas Components in a Glassy Polysulfone-Based Membrane
Authors: Tańczyk Marek , Janusz-Cygan Aleksandra , Pawlaczyk-Kurek Anna , Hamryszak Łukasz , Jaschik Jolanta , Janusz-Szymańska Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

Biogas, one of the important controllable renewable energy sources, may be split into two streams: bio-CH4 and bio-CO2 using, among others, membrane processes. The proper optimization of such processes requires the knowledge of phenomena accompanying each specific CH4–CO2–membrane system (e.g., competitive sorption or swelling). The phenomena were analyzed for the polysulfone-based membrane used in a developed adsorptive–membrane system for biogas separation. The Dual Mode Sorption and partial immobilization models were used to describe the solubility and diffusion of CO2, CH4 and their mixtures in this material. The parameters of the models were determined based on pure-gas sorption isotherms measured gravimetrically and permeances of CO2/CH4 mixture components from our previous studies. It was found, among other things, that the membrane swelling caused by CO2 was observed for pressures higher than 5 bar. The real selectivity (permselectivity) of CO2 vs. CH4 is significantly lower than the selectivity of pure gases (ideal selectivity), while the solubility selectivity of CO2 vs. CH4 in the mixture is higher than that of pure gases. This is due to the better affinity of CO2 towards the tested polysulfone membrane, making CO2 the dominant component in competitive sorption. The reduction in the permselectivity is mainly due to an approximately two-fold decrease in the CO2 diffusion rate in the presence of CH4. It was also found that the fraction of solubility in the fractional free volume (FFV) is dominant for both gases, pure and mixed, reaching 65–73% of the total solubility. Moreover, in CO2/CH4 mixtures, the mobility of methane in FFV disappears, which additionally confirms the displacement of methane by CO2 from FFV.
Recent Applications of Theoretical Calculations and Artificial Intelligence in Solid-State Electrolyte Research: A Review
Authors: Wu Mingwei , Wei Zheng , Zhao Yan , He Qiu
Published: January 2025

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), as key materials for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), face challenges such as low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability. With the rapid advancement of computational science and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, theoretical calculations and AI methods are emerging as efficient and important virtual tools for predicting and screening high-performance SSEs. To further promote the development of the SSEs, this review outlines recent applications of theoretical calculations and AI in this field. First, the current applications of theoretical calculation methods, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), in material structure optimization, electronic property analysis, and ionic transport dynamics are introduced, along with an analysis of their limitations. Second, innovative applications of AI methods, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), in predicting material properties, analyzing structural features, and simulating interfacial behaviors are elaborated. Subsequently, the synergistic application strategies combining high-throughput screening (HTS), theoretical calculations, and AI methods are highlighted, demonstrating the unique advantages of integrating multiple methodologies in material discovery and performance optimization. Finally, the current research progress is summarized, and future development trends are forecasted. The deep integration of theoretical calculations and AI methods is expected to significantly accelerate the development of high-performance SSE materials, thereby driving the industrial application of ASSBs.
Comparison of Single Atoms vs. Sub-Nanoclusters as Co-Catalysts in Perovskites and Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic Technologies
Authors: Spyrou Anastasia V. , Zodhiates Konstantinos , Deligiannakis Yiannis
Published: January 2025

Adatoms as co-catalysts may play a key role in photocatalysis, yet control of their exact configuration remains challenging. Specifically, there is converging evidence that ultra-small structures may be optimal as co-catalysts; however, a comprehensive distinction between single atoms (SAs), sub-nanoclusters (SNCs), and quantum-sized small particles (QSSPs) has yet to be established. Herein, we present a critical review addressing these distinctions, along with challenges related to the controlled synthesis of SAs, SNCs, and QSSPs; their detection methods; and their functional benefits in photocatalysis. Our discussion focuses on perovskite oxides (e.g., such as ABO3, where A and B are cations) and metal oxides (MxOy, where M is a metal) decorated with adatoms, which demonstrate superior photocatalytic performance compared to their unmodified counterparts. Finally, we highlight cases of misinterpretation between SA, SNC, and QSSP configurations emerging from limitations in high-resolution detection techniques and synthesis methods.
Effect of Ammonium Salt on Conjugated Polyelectrolyte as an Interlayer for Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Memristors
Authors: Shim Eun Soo , Lee Ji Hyeon , Park Ju Wan , Kim Sun Woo , Park Su Bin , Jo Jea Woong
Published: January 2025

Memristors are promising candidates for next-generation non-volatile memory devices, offering low power consumption and high-speed switching capabilities. However, conventional metal oxide-based memristors are constrained by fabrication complexity and high costs, limiting their commercial viability. Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), known for their facile solution processability and unique ionic–electronic conductivity, provide an attractive alternative. This study presents a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE), PhNa-1T, as an interlayer for OIHP memristors to enhance the high-resistance state (HRS) performance. A post-treatment process using n-octylammonium bromide (OABr) was further applied to optimize the interlayer properties. Devices treated with PhNa-1T/OABr achieved a significantly improved ON/OFF ratio of 2150, compared to 197 for untreated devices. Systematic characterization revealed that OABr treatment improved film morphology, reduced crystallite strain, and optimized energy level alignment, thereby reinforcing the Schottky barrier and minimizing current leakage. These findings highlight the potential of tailored interlayer engineering to improve OIHP-based memristor performance, offering promising prospects for applications in non-volatile memory technologies.
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption, Food Security, and Nativity Among Adults: Associations from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2020
Authors: Stamou Aikaterini , Flórez Karen R.
Published: January 2025

Background/Aims: Immigrant populations face unique dietary challenges influenced by food security and acculturation, particularly regarding sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study examines the interplay of nativity and food security on SSB consumption patterns. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2020 (N = 23,331) were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. SSB consumption was assessed through 24 h dietary recalls. Food security was categorized as high/marginal or low/very low, and nativity as U.S.-born or foreign-born. Stratified regression models by sex evaluated associations between nativity, food security, and SSB consumption. Results: U.S.-born adults with low food security had the highest sugar intake (men: β = 27.5, 95% CI [14.8, 40.3]; women: β = 30.4, 95% CI [11.0, 49.7]) and SSB consumption (men: β = 14.7, 95% CI [11.2, 18.3]; women: β = 23.6, 95% CI [15.2, 31.9]). Conclusions: The findings highlight associations that suggest the importance of culturally tailored interventions targeting vulnerable groups to address disparities in SSB consumption influenced by food security and nativity.
Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next?
Authors: Petronio Lorenzo , Dal Buono Arianna , Gabbiadini Roberto , Migliorisi Giulia , Privitera Giuseppe , Ferraris Matteo , Loy Laura , Bezzio Cristina , Armuzzi Alessandro
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic conditions requiring long-term therapy to maintain remission and improve quality of life. Despite the approval of numerous drugs, IBD continues to present treatment challenges. This review aims to summarize novel therapeutic target agents in phases II and III of development, including sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1P), anti-interleukin-23 (IL-23), and other small molecules and monoclonal antibodies currently under investigation (e.g., anti-TL1A, obefazimod, NX-13, RIPK-inhibitors). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to December 2024 to identify relevant articles published in English over the past three–five years, focusing on phase II/III studies for UC and CD. The search included databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the ClinicalTrials.gov portal. Results: Clinical trials underline the potential of novel immunomodulators, including anti-TL1A, obefazimod, NX-13, RIPK inhibitors, and anti-IL-23p19 agents, as promising therapeutic options for IBD. Anti-IL23p19 therapies, such as risankizumab and mirikizumab, alongside guselkumab, exemplify this class’s growing clinical relevance. While some are already in clinical use, others are nearing approval. Conclusions: Ongoing research into long-term safety and the development of personalized treatment strategies remains pivotal to enhance outcomes. Patient stratification and the strategic positioning of these therapies within the expanding treatment landscape are critical for optimizing their clinical impact.
Aromatherapy and Essential Oils: Holistic Strategies in Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Integral Wellbeing
Authors: Caballero-Gallardo Karina , Quintero-Rincón Patricia , Olivero-Verbel Jesus
Published: January 2025

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) encompasses a variety of ancient therapies with origins in cultures such as those of China, Egypt, Greece, Iran, India, and Rome. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) classifies these integrative therapies into five categories: (1) mind–body therapies, (2) biological practices, (3) manipulative and body practices, (4) energy medicine, and (5) whole medical systems, including traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine. This review explores the role of biological practices utilizing aromatic plants, particularly through inhalation aromatherapy and massage with essential oils, as effective complementary strategies within health systems. The review compiles information on the most commonly used plants and essential oils for holistic health maintenance from a complementary and alternative perspective. Given their accessibility and relative safety compared to conventional treatments, these therapies have gained popularity worldwide. Furthermore, the integration of essential oils has been shown to alleviate various psychological and physiological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disorders, neuropathic pain, nausea, and menopausal symptoms. Among the studied plants, lavender has emerged as being particularly notable due to its broad spectrum of therapeutic effects and its designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as “Generally Recognized as Safe”. Other essential oils under investigation include eucalyptus, damask rose, sandalwood, vetiver, calamus, frankincense, chamomile, lemon, grapefruit, tangerine, orange, sage, rosemary, garlic, and black pepper. This study emphasizes the potential benefits of these aromatic plants in enhancing patient well-being. Additionally, it underscores the importance of conducting further research to ensure the safety and efficacy of these therapies.
Synthesis of Fe3O4@MCM-48 as Nano Fertilizer for Growth Stimulation in Tomato Plants
Authors: Morfín-Gutiérrez Adriana , García-Cerda Luis Alfonso , González-García Yolanda , Juárez-Maldonado Antonio
Published: January 2025

Innovative nano fertilizers based on nanoparticles present great potential for agriculture since they can stimulate growth and development in different crops. However, the efficiency of nanoparticles directly depends on their physicochemical characteristics, such as composition, shape, size, and the type of plant species. In this work, a material formed by mesoporous silica and iron oxide (Fe3O4@MCM-48) was synthesized and used as a nano fertilizer for tomato crop. Materials with different percentages of iron (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% by weight) were applied to study the effect of the amount of iron in the plants and compared with MCM-48 without iron and ferric chloride hexahydrate. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was possible to identify the phases present in the system, and with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), it was observed that the material is made up of a matrix of MCM-48 with embedded Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a size of 5 nm. Also, the results show that all treatments with nano fertilizers increased the content of photosynthetic pigments and carotenoids in leaves. The use of nano fertilizers can be a viable option to improve the crop growth and efficiency of nutrient use in plants.
Review on Damage and Failure in Adhesively Bonded Composite Joints: A Microscopic Aspect
Authors: Oshima Sota , Koyanagi Jun
Published: January 2025

Adhesively bonded joints offer numerous advantages for industrial applications. However, because damage and failure in adhesively bonded joints occur within thin adhesive layers between stiff adherends, experimental characterization and numerical simulation that account for microscopic phenomena are particularly challenging. For adhesively bonded composite joints, in particular, the interaction between adhesive and adherend damage must also be carefully considered. This review article mainly discusses and reviews the microscopic aspects of damage and failure in adhesively bonded composite joints for aerospace applications. Three main topics are addressed in this article. First, the peculiar deformation and damage behaviors of polymeric materials, including their dependence on stress triaxiality, are discussed. Second, the experimental characterization of deformation and damage in adhesive layers using advanced microscale inspection techniques is reviewed. Lastly, the modeling and numerical simulation of damage and failure processes, incorporating microscopic phenomena, are explored. The article concludes with a discussion of future perspectives.