bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of TQM in Manufacturing Industries of Developing Countries - Case Study: Albanian Companies
Authors: Teta Jonida , Xhafka Eralda , Bodi Ilo
Published: February 2020

Manufacturing industry in Albania has been grown significantly over the last decades due to increased public demand, Government’s initiatives, and the investors increased interest in the manufacturing sector. Unfortunately, quality of product is still an important issue for the locally produced goods. Only a few manufacturers are producing high quality products with higher customer satisfaction. Many of them are holding quality certificates but a few has reached a stage of product development where they are able to apply modern quality principles and techniques effectively. Research on product quality improvement shows that meeting customer satisfaction, increasing profits and reducing losses to a minimum level can be attained through the application of modern quality philosophies and principles such as Total Quality Management (TQM). Understanding the tools and techniques of TQM is considered to be significant in order to get useful results. A better understanding is required to investigate the current status of TQM implementation. This research article presents a survey on current quality control practices within the manufacturing industries in Albania to assess the potentiality of implementing TQM technique and principles in order to improve the customer satisfactions and market share.
The Comparison of Some Methods in Analysis of Linear Regression Using R Software
Authors: Palla Ilir
Published: February 2020

This article contains the OLS method, WLS method and bootstrap methods to estimate coefficients of linear regression and their standard deviation. If regression holds random errors with constant variance and if those errors are independent normally distributed we can use least squares method, which is accurate for drawing inferences with these assumptions. If the errors are heteroscedastic, meaning that their variance depends from explanatory variable, or have different weights, we can’t use least squares method because this method cannot be safe for accurate results. If we know weights for each error, we can use weight least squares method. In this article we have also described bootstrap methods to evaluate regression parameters. The bootstrap methods improved quantile estimation. We simulated errors with non constant variances in a linear regression using R program and comparison results. Using this software we have found confidence interval, estimated coefficients, plots and results for any case.
Comparing Different Equipment and Applications in Pavement Data Collection as Part of Road Management System
Authors: Lule Arjol , Daja Shkelqim
Published: February 2020

National roads are the main arteries in road transport infrastructure. Therefore, all agencies or authorities responsible of road infrastructure, pay attention to road management systems. Albania is experiencing an increase in road infrastructure investments and maintenance of this road network. There have been some attempts to establish national and secondary road management systems. These systems attempt to achieve different objectives, such as the provision of an adequate level of service, the preservation of the road infrastructure, etc. A good Road Asset Management System (RAMS), helps to carry out all the actions of inventory, storage and maintenance of road assets as well as, supports the decision-making process. At present, there are several data collection devices and applications that carry out the job efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to present the analysis of the use and comparison of some equipment and Cell Phone Based Systems (MiniROMDAS, PaveProf-V2 and RoadLab_Pro) used for the road pavement data collection, necessary in the calculation of the International Roughness Index (IRI), along the national road network in Albania. The comparison is made, by analyzing the data and results obtained along a 20 km long road segment in Albania, using the various above-mentioned technologies. Also, an overview of the currently available technologies providing information that could assist managers in establishing an appropriate data collection program is given.
Challenges of Economic of Georgia: Good and Bad EconomicGrowth
Authors: Kasradze Tea , Zarnadze Nino
Published: February 2020

The Georgian economy has been undergoing serious transformations over theyears. The reforms carried out by the government affected all spheres of theeconomy - health care, education, industry, the military-technical complex,etc. The annual growth of the economy is approximately 4.8%. The EU,partner developed countries and donor international organizations allocatehuge financial resources for the implementation of the changes planned bythe government. Despite this, the economy of Georgia is in a difficult situation.The reason of economic stagnation in which the country has been for years isan extensive vector of development of the national economy. Investmentprojects carried out in the country in recent years are extensive in most cases.These projects are aimed at increasing current profits. They mostly are notoriented to long-term perspective. Intensification projects based on scientificand technical progress that are capable to change the level of productionqualitatively are few. Despite the lack of an innovative scientific and technicalbackground the economic indicators are increasing. However, the analysis ofthe indicators’ growth factors shows the lack of development of the nationaleconomic system. The data does not reflect the real economic statement andpoint to an extensive (so-called bad growth) growth of the national economyand will lead to economic and political crisis. The intensive and extensivefactors of economic growth is discussed and analyzed in the paper. Therecommendations and measures are developed by the authors for improvingthe economy through the intensification of production processes.
Challenges of Financial Management of the Higher EducationInstitutions in Georgia
Authors: Kasradze Tea , Antia Vakhtang , Gulua Ekaterine
Published: February 2020

The funding of the higher education institutions and its efficient managementaffects the functioning of the whole system. The level of development of aneducation and science has an important role in the economic development ofthe country. Georgia has enough potential to achieve economic developmentby intellectual and educated human resources. Despite the reformsimplemented in the recent years, there are still many shortcomings andchallenges left in the education system that are hindering the creation of welleducatedand competitive human resources. Without strengthening theeducation system, it is impossible to participate in a global competition. Theincreasing of financing of the education system over the years does not meanraising the quality of education. Developing the correct strategy and tactics ofthe reform and adequate and efficient distribution of financial resources iscrucial. The aim of the paper is to study impact of the existing funding policyon higher education system in Georgia. The structure and dynamics of thefunding of the higher education institutions, the nature and importance of thealready funded projects are examined in the study. The issue of promotion ofdevelopment of education through the reforms implemented in the educationsystem is also discussed and analyzed in it. The study is based on thequalitative and quantitative analyses. The recommendations issued withinthe framework of the study will support stakeholders to overcome the current challenges and improve financial management policy of higher education institutions.
Social Businesses with An Export Profile as a Mechanism to Promote Entrepreneurship and Improve Welfare
Authors: Betancourt Ignacio Ortiz , Téllez María del Carmen Meza , Carrasco Jorge Samuel Berdón , Castro Leidy Margarita López , Sánchez Patricia Margarita Villar
Published: February 2020

The increase in unemployment rates at the international level, as a consequence of the deep financial crisis of the beginning of the 21st century, has caused the labor market to become increasingly restricted, complicating the insertion of a population of productive age. In addition, the lack of employment has exacerbated a series of social problems, including poverty, insecurity, undernourishment, among others, in a large part of Latin America. Therefore, the impulse of social enterprises can contribute to the creation of jobs and combat this problem, generating wellbeing not only within a region but also in others with similar situations, generating an area of opportunity for those social enterprises with an export profile. Based on the above, this paper begins with a documentary research process of specialized literature on social business and later analyzes a group of students' perception on the impact that this model can produce, as well as the limitations for its implementation, through an exploratory and descriptive study, guided by the qualitative approach since a questionnaire of open questions about these topics was used as a research instrument. The answers were analyzed in such a way that similarities and differences could be detected among students' perception. Results shown that the main benefits are the creation of direct jobs in the country of origin and indirect in other markets as well as the emergence of productive chains while among the constraints include ignorance of the export logistics process and tariff rates. Finally, a series of recommendations are proposed in order to strengthen the dissemination of this business model.
The Rural Development and Employment in Albania
Authors: Meçe Manuela , Ribaj Artur
Published: February 2020

Public institutions in Albania play an important role in the functioning, regulation and development of the rural areas, including their support to the rural labor market as an important mechanism for the allocation of labor, resources and income generation. The governments’ efforts emphasize the prioritization of rural employment as crucial for development of Albania. But, this paper conclusions that many young Albanians from rural countryside would like to run away from their country, not because they don’t love their country, but because they see no employment (and livelihood) perspective. The economic development of the country seems more as a residual rather than prosperous, despite many foreign experts and donors trying over 25 past years to present a sustainable economic development model. Informal work arrangements remain widespread across many economic activities and the division between unemployment and informal work (employment) is still blurred. Albanians from rural countryside should be drawn more to farming than in the recent past. Government institutions should reflect a clear rise in the status of farming compared to the recent past, improving the respective legal framework, addressing constraints on access to farming activities and borrowing (or financing) and adapting fiscal policies which will motivate and incentive them to be drawn more to farming than in the recent past.
Wine as an Investment Opportunity
Authors: Majerčáková Daniela , Mittelman Alexandra , Greguš Michal
Published: February 2020

Market development with non-traditional commodities is not as developed and widespread as the market with traditional commodities. There is much information regarding investments into antiquarian objects but there is not so much regarding other types of commodities. The traditional slovak investor is an investor into classic investment products with lower risk and lower revenue at the same time. As Warren Buffett said, price does not matter, but value matters. In case of some commodities, with we can gain the high appreciation with a small investment, too, despite the high risk. We have to look forward and to think about the future with non-traditional investments as it is the long-term investment. It represents goods that are little liquid, and there is an inactiveness sometimes needed, but on the other hand it is still necessary to follow the market. There are more and more possibilities of investments with the fast-changing world. Sometimes we can get interesting revenues from some irrational investments. The aim of this paper is to analyze conditions of the market with possibilities to invest into non-traditional commodities, where also the investments into wine belong. We have used the description of alternative investments, analysis of facts and conditions as well as the possibilities of non-traditional investments in Slovakia to reach this aim. On the basis of observing the price development, we have made recommendations for the traditional slovak investor with the positive relationship to non-traditional investments and with the positive relationship to risk.
Household Economy in the Rural Sector of the Border Region between Ecuador and Colombia and Alternatives to Overcome Poverty
Authors: Vallejo Jaime Rodrigo Moreno , Kerchis Donald E.
Published: February 2020

This research examines the present-day reality in the rural area on the border between Ecuador and Colombia, focusing on the current situation of the rural women; this study looks at the process of self-awareness, validation and empowerment of these women in this border region. As a consequence, the fundamental objective is to analyze and evaluate the participation and empowerment of rural women and to identify their contribution to alleviate the worst conditions of poverty. This study also examines the ability of these rural women to influence the public policy process and to improve gender equity and quality of life. Rural women are confronted with a wide array of economic, social, political and cultural challenges. These women lack stable employment opportunities; their incomes are variable and depend on a livelihood based upon agriculture and livestock. Their common characteristics include low educational attainment level, gender disparities, relatively higher unemployment rate, exclusion from decision-making circles, lack of opportunity, lack of institutional support, sexism, androcentric domination, inappropriate workplace behavior and domestic violence; All extremely unfortunate outcomes that both derive from and are exacerbated by low income levels and increasing levels of poverty among this rural population.
The Diffusion of M-Pesa in Developing Countries: Convergence Program Lead Vodafone Albania Sh.a, Tirane, Albania
Authors: Bregu Elvis , Shosha Bitila
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether this kind of innovative service was successful in all developing countries. Prior to the introduction and implementation of M-Pesa, people used a variety of formal and informal channels to save or send money to others. It is supposed that through mobile money technology, the population currently out of the reach of financial services will be integrated as formal players into the market and that informal ways of transferring money will be reduced (Jenkins, 2008). Financial inclusion is an issue that has gathered a lot of attention among policymakers and researchers and is referred to as a process that guarantees ease on access, availability and also the usage of banking services for all householders of a country (Sarma, 2010). Without doubt, the introduction of M-Pesa in Kenya has deeply changed the way through which transactions occur. Based on the review of the literature but also the case-studies on the application of M-Pesain Albania and other countries, at the end of the paper we give some important conclusions.
Use of Recyclable Materials in the Interior Design
Authors: Lubonja Otjela , Ovidiu Folcut
Published: February 2020

This paper is the subject of the Bachelor's Degree by Albina Dervishi under the guidance of the lecturer Dr. Otjela Lubonja. Through this study, it is intended to show what is recycling, what is its impact on nature and society. As an efficient process for the handling and reuse of materials, which promotes innovation and an important and long-term economic growth. Equally important are both social and environmental benefits because it promotes the sustainable use of our natural resources and fosters community development, saving of new land use, pollution prevention, energy conservation and reduction of greenhouse gas effects. To tell us at what stage of our recycling is our country and whether we have it or not as a culture. To explain what it means to use indoor and outdoor recyclable materials and what these materials are. The paper continues to detail how recyclable materials are selected in detail from their chemical and structural composition as these materials can be applied to the interior and exterior. In practice, it is unlikely to achieve this ideal in the near future most of the construction companies in Albania. However, a significant contribution that the society itself, but also the construction industry can do, is to link design and ecology to building buildings and buildings without harming the environment. So use the design in such a way as to make possible the reuse and recycling of the materials used. The work at the current stage was supported by secondary data, the study at a second stage could be extended to public policy presented as a project for its realization, in public institutions such as municipal units, city hall. Through this paper, UET draws the attention of the country's scientific opinion and beyond to the opportunities created for in-depth studies in the field of Architecture and Design Sciences.
Social Media and E-commerce as Mechanisms to Enhance Entrepreneurship Among Graduate Students
Authors: Betancourt Ignacio Ortiz , Téllez María del Carmen
Published: February 2020

In recent years, entrepreneurship has been one of the most discussed issues among government agencies, education institutions and international organizations, given the restrictions on the labor market. The above, since entrepreneurship is considered as an important mechanism to generate direct and indirect jobs. However, the increasing participation of electronic mechanisms in society has transformed the way we carry out our activities, redefining the processes through which the various goods and services are produced and offered. Therefore, there is a consensus towards the need for entrepreneurs to adopt a profile oriented towards social media and electronic commerce. However, this topic is still in its first stages, so it is necessary to identify how much these concepts have been integrated into the university entrepreneurial ecosystem, which represents one of the main channels for promoting entrepreneurial culture. After a study among a group of students graduated from university, it was detected that they attach high importance to social networks and electronic commerce, since they allow them to increase their presence in the markets at a relatively low cost; however, its adoption process has been heterogeneous, given the lack of knowledge of many tools and the lack of financing. Finally, a series of recommendations that could improve these skills among future entrepreneurs from the university level are indicated.
Customer Experience as the Driving Force for Supply Chains Digital Transformation
Authors: Nowicka Katarzyna
Published: February 2020

Supply chain managers constantly look for the resources that are able to enhance and improve supply chain competitiveness. This competitiveness is analysed mainly in the light of cost, time and quality of the customers’ service delivered by the supply chain management. Today one of the most important resource impacting on driving business in the competitive way are the digital technologies. This is mainly due to the fact that digital technologies are strongly changing the innovation level of the company and its performance. Therefore it is worth to analyse the influence of digital technologies on supply chain competitiveness in terms of cost, time and quality. The aim of this paper is to present the most important areas that are impacted by the digital technologies in improving of supply chain competitiveness. The results of the empirical research, conducted among 120 supply chain managers in 2018, show that the aspect of quality is the weakest point in terms of digital innovation impacting on supply chain competitiveness. Thus in the second part of the paper the analyses of the role of the customers experience have been done to understand the new approach to the role of digital technologies. The digital innovation is impacting the whole customers’ journey during their relation not only with the company, but with the supply chain – that is actually the organization of several independent companies. In this way digital technologies starting to be a central point of supply chain configuration for improving its competitiveness.
Inovative Surgical Treatment for Intratubal Administration of Methotrexate
Authors: Tomescu Aneta , Tomescu Cezar Laurentiu , Sîrbu Rodica
Published: February 2020

In patients where conservative medical treatment with methotrexate failed, surgical intervention was necessary. The personal surgical method was performed on a number of 9 patients; the surgical intervention was a conservative method – salpingorraphy. In order to prevent persistent gestational throphoblastic disease and tubal clogging, a polyethylene catheter is introduced in the oviduct until it reaches the ostium of the Fallopian tube, without exceeding it. In order to ensure a rigorous haemostasis, the Fallopian tube and the polyethylene catheter are sutured together. The level of HCG is measured in the fourth and seventh day postoperative: if the levels of HCG are higher than 1000 mUI/ml, if they plateau or if they have increased, methotrexate is administered intraluminally through the polyethylene tube, according to the following scheme: 50 mg of methotrexate are dissolved in 10 ml of physiological saline solution and injected through the polyethylene catheter, for 5 days. 10 mg per day in 2 doses (5 mg in the morning and 5 mg in the evening).If the values of HCG decrease to an adequate level and there is no risk of persistent throphoblastic disease, the polyethylene catheter is kept for 8-12 days, afterwards it is extracted by traction. If the values do not decrease accordingly, the intraluminal administration of methotrexate is resumed after a 3-day break. This method was used on a number of 9 patients; 4 of them had been treated with methotrexate before the surgical intervention and pertain to the study, and 5 of them had been operated on for complications of ectopic pregnancy and were suitable for this kind of surgical intervention. No postoperative complications or deaths were recorded.
Contemporary Models of Organization of Power and the Macedonian Model of Organization of Power
Authors: Kuçi Driton
Published: February 2020

This paper is a critical analysis of the model of organization of power, which intends to prove that the traditional dichotomy parliamentary - presidential system has a relative methodological value in view of the character of the contemporary organization of power models. The Macedonian organization of power model is no exception to this statement. The political system is not determined only by the constitutional framework. It is also determined by the (un)democratic tradition, the model of political culture, the electoral and party system. In this sense, the same normative model works differently in different countries or different periods of development of the same political system. This is especially evident in the relations between Parliament and Government. The dominance of the executive government is not characteristic only of the organization of power model in the Republic of Macedonia, it is a global tendency as well. In that sense, the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia shares the “fate” of the representative bodies in the contemporary parliamentary system. However, in the absence of a democratic tradition, the presence of subject political culture, strong elements of partocracy and party state, fragile and fragmented civil society and weak general public, the dominance of the executive over the legislative government acquires dramatic dimensions.
European Patients' Rights to Be Protected Against Counterfeit Medicines
Authors: Erimia Cristina Luiza , Sîrbu Rodica , Cazacincu Radu George , Cadar Emin , Tomescu Aneta , Paris Stelian
Published: February 2020

Because the falsification of medicines is a global problem, requires increased and effective international coordination and cooperation to ensure the effectiveness of the strategies to combat counterfeiting, especially in relation to the sale of such products on the Internet. In the context of people’s health and life rank foremost among the values and interests protected by the TFEU, this article examines the evolution of the legislative process regulating the internal market for medicinal products in order to ensure a high level of protection of public health against falsified medicines and to present the legislative initiatives that have been taken at EU level taking account of new risk profiles, measures meant to ensure, at the same time, the functioning of the internal market of medicinal products. However, this article aims to address consumers’ right to have access to safe, effective, quality and innovative medicinal products as a right of the European patient. Ensuring the free movement of medicinal products on the EU market must not violate or restrict this fundamental right of thepatient.The threat that falsified medicines pose to public health is also recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), which has established the International Medical Products Anti-Counterfeiting Taskforce ("IMPACT").IMPACT has developed the Principles and Elements for National Legislation against Counterfeit Medical Products, which were endorsed by the IMPACT General Meeting in Lisbon on 12 December 2007.
Council of Europe and Its Priorities on the Reform of the Legal System in Albania
Authors: Danaj Lorenc
Published: February 2020

After the Second World War in all international organizations, it was created a spirit of overall giving a fundamental importance to the recognition and the guaranteeing of human rights. These organizational initiatives by then tried to avoid what had just happened, that according their existence results precisely to the goals of peace and friendly relations increasingly between them. In such circumstances setting out the principles on which relations between Member States of European council should support. Which supports the Council of Europe and in its efforts Albania has responded to the essential changes that apparently occurred in its legal system within the country. The Council of Europe has played an essential role for countries like Albania with typical character which aspired to adopt new reforms on the international stage but based on their a regional level. Following the principles and objectives enunciated in the UN Charter as well as the spirit that pervades today regarded as a universal catalog of human rights, Albania more than anyone else had some-century clash conflict. Council of Europe had defined its key purpose in his status founded and signed on 5 May 1949 in London, called the Treaty of London which states
The Impact of Avoidable Mortality on the Life Expectancy in Bulgarian Population
Authors: Mourgova Mariana
Published: February 2020

Mortality due to avoidable causes of death is one of the most often used quality and efficiency indicators for the health care system and the policies of prevention of morbidity and mortality by causes of death due to behavioural or environmental factors. The objective of the article is to study the impact of avoidable mortality including amenable and preventable mortality on the life expectancy in Bulgaria during the period 2005-2012. The classification of avoidable mortality, proposed by the Office for National Statistics of the United Kingdom in 2011, is used. The methods of decomposing the change in two life expectancies by age and the change in two life expectancies by age according to the causes of death by E. Andreev and E. Arriaga are applied to measure the impact on the change in life expectancy. The main results of the study show that during the period 2005-2012 along with the decrease in the total mortality, also the avoidable mortality has dropped – from 34. 72% to 29. 12% of the mortality due to all causes of death. The avoidable causes’ of death contribution to life expectancy increase is by 1. 20 years and it is considerably greater than those of the other causes. Mortality due to amenable and preventable causes of death is also decreasing. Greater is the effect of the amenable causes of death on the life expectancy increase.
Consent to Treatment and Anamnesis as Problem of Communication with Minor Patients in Healthcare Decision-Making
Authors: Palkova Karina , Semaka Svetlana
Published: February 2020

Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.
The Effectiveness of QMS Implementation in Applying of Quality Health Care for Patients in Health Institutions of Kosovo
Authors: Lleshi Samir
Published: February 2020

Continuous improvement of quality in health system is a challenge for many countries, particularly for those which are undergoing difficult period of transition from the system where the quality was not even known, measured or hasn’t consequently been improved in a system where the health service offers are different. In its route toward the European integration in the recent years Kosovo has set up the basis in terms of quality of infrastructure. Even though compared to its neighbors it is still staying behind in terms of quality of legal infrastructure by creating a quality system according to the requirements of EN ISO 9001 standards, while making easier instalment and constant monitoring of the healthcare standards by setting the guidelines for best application practices, particularly in well-known international fields Health sector in Kosovo is one of the most important sectors and has been continually stated as a priority for development of the country, therefore, creating of conditions for a continuous quality improvement, safety of health services and evaluation of such services is a major challenge associated with a patient and citizens to offer more and higher qualitative health services.
Geographic Information System(GIS) and Roadeng Usage to Determine the Environmentally Sensitive Forest Road Route in Mountainous Terrain
Authors: Çalışkan Erhan
Published: February 2020

Road between two known points and placing the various economic and environmental factors that require consideration is a highly complex engineering problems. Engineers, soil conservation and water resources, taking into account the total road construction, maintenance and handling cost is the lowest of the route is difficult to determine. Forest road construction and maintenance costs of raw wood is a significant proportion of the total cost of production. Of forest road network planning, forest villages transportation, production work, social needs, providing transportation to the recreation area, depending on the functional use of forests that are made according to the purpose. In this study, by using GIS and Roadeng Technology planning forest road network planning was make zero line, curve, longitudinal profiles, cross sections, such as the amount of excavation and filling all the planning criteria are determined. Roadeng of software for planning of forest roads; surveillance, compliance of the terrain and the location of the module were investigated. Look at the slope of the land and river maps with GIS software has been created.Roadeng numerical software made its way forest we have done with classical methods and technical processes are automatically offers more detailed and more quickly practitioners do on computers.
The Place of the Criminal Justice for Children in the Legal System of Republic of Macedonia from Its Independence Until Today
Authors: Arifi Blerta , Kadriu Besa
Published: February 2020

In this paper the author will analyze the legal treatment of juvenile delinquency in Republic of Macedonia, in historical aspect of the development of its legislation. In this way it will be presented the place of the criminal law for juveniles in the criminal legal system of the country and its development during today. The study will be focused on the innovation of legal protection of delinquent children, especially it will be analyzed the sanctioning of juvenile perpetrators and their special treatment from the majors in Republic of Macedonia. It will be a chronological comparison reflect of the juvenile sanctioning based on some of laws in Macedonia such as: Criminal Code of Former Yugoslavia, Criminal Code of Republic of Macedonia (1996), Law on Juvenile Justice (2007) and Law on Child protection (2013). The purpose of the study is to bring out the types of criminal sanctions for juveniles in Republic of Macedonia from its independence until today which, above all, are aimed on protecting the interests of the juvenile delinquents. Also the author of this paper will attach importance to the so-called “Measures of assistance and protection” provided by the Law on Child protection of Republic of Macedonia, which represent an innovation in the country's criminal law. This study is expected to draw conclusions about how it started to become independent itself the delinquency of minors as a separate branch from criminal law in the broad sense – and how much contemporary are the sanctions to minors from 1996 until today.
Cooperation Between Albania and Kosovo and Its Impact in Strengthening the Rule of Law Against Transnational Organized Crime, 2008-2015
Authors: Ibraj Bajram
Published: February 2020

Transnational organized criminal activities and local activities have affected both countries, Albania and Kosovo. Meanwhile, transnational crime with transnational and local base Albania-Kosovo, is of interest and influence, therefore, it is suggested that the cooperation between the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo in this regard be serving in law enforcement institutions in Albania and within law enforcement institutions in Kosovo. Transnational organized crime, terrorism, corruption and money laundering are global security threats and local, regional and international sources of crises. Organized crime knows no nationality, no countries, borders, homeland, race, ethnicity, religion and religious beliefs. That is why it is required cooperation in the fight against transnational organized crime and transnational organized crime to be implemented permanently with the main goal of the strategy implementation, action plans, joint operations between the two countries, Albania and Kosovo. Important role in this association play their respective law enforcement institutions such as the police of the two countries, prosecutions, courts and other institutions. While international cooperation is realized with major international organizations like the UN, the EU, Interpol, Europol, SECI center etc. During the years 2002-2015 between the governments, ministries of internal and Police of the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo hav signed several agreements, memoranda of understanding and common protocols. Interstate and transnational cooperation through the tabulation and graphs presented and seek to build strategies, institutions, measures, operations and joint actions with preventive, managers and common problem solvers of security and the fight against transnational organized crime. Consolidation of security in Albania and Kosovo, is closely associated with the construction, consolidation and functioning of the rule of law, and the rule of law, reaching freedom and respect for fundamental human rights. Albania-Kosovo cooperation significantly affects the strengthening of the rule of law against transnational organized crime. This cooperation is a necessary precondition for the prevention of conflicts and internal, external and regional crises, in order to achieve security and human rights and freedom.
Measurements of Standby Power Consumption of Domestic Appliances in Albania
Authors: Pano Marijon
Published: February 2020

Nearly all modern domestic appliances used in typical homes consume some energy when they are left on standby mode or even switched off. I investigated the variation in standby power consumption in five homes in Korça city. The typical standby energy loss for studied homes ranged from 8–115 W, with an average of 37 W. This corresponded to 3%-20% of the homes annual electricity use. This loss and the associated cost are not high enough to get noticed by the consumer. However, when such power losses of all domestic appliances are aggregated at the level of a country, the amount becomes significant and cannot be ignored. The appliances with the largest standby losses were coffee machines, televisions, set-top boxes and printers. They account for a significant proportion of the electricity consumption in more and more Albanian households. The wide variation in the standby power of appliances providing the same benefits indicates that producers are able to reduce standby losses without degrading performance. The standby power consumption of various domestic appliances was determined using an energy smart meter and data-logger connected with a computer. The purpose of this paper is to estimate how much power is wasted in a typical Albanian home due to household appliances being in the standby mode.
The Challenges of Collective Action for Olive Growers in Albania
Authors: Kolaj Rezear , Ozuni Edmira , Skunca Dubravka , Zahoalia Dorjana
Published: February 2020

Despite a considerable increase of surfaces with new olive cultivars during last two decades in Albania, the yields have not followed the expected trend. Participation of farmers in common activities would have benefits for costs cutting and efficiency as well as for the commons in a broader economic and social aspect. An opportunity for reducing costs and increasing farmers' income is the organization of farmer’s production by the principles of collective action. The research objective is to find factors affecting the olive growers (farmers) participation in collective actions in Berat area, the second largest olive production area in Albania. A questionnaire was designed in order to measure several variables. Interviewing took place from October 2015 to February 2016. Education, access to markets, income and leadership have statistical significance and influence olive producer’s participation in activities based on collective action. The research results can be useful to policymakers, public bodies and researchers. The fact that with farm size increase, decrease the possibility of farmer’s participation in collective action activities is important finding that helps in understanding the critical financing limits and optimization of the public funds used in creation of public policies.
Conceptual Usage of Systems Dynamics in Patients Rehabilitation Management
Authors: Irimiaș Tudor , Carbone Giuseppe , Pîslă Adrian
Published: February 2020

The essence of social sciences is well encompassed in Green’s (2006) quote “People were created to be loved. Things were created to be used. The reason why the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. ” For this reason, social sciences are important, as major research paradigm on how and why individuals interrelate. The aim of the actual research is to look for a conceptual approach activity, as part of a larger project focused on individual rehabilitation. The brain is trained to react to the stimulus and command a behavior. The premise, for the considered approach, is understanding the social sciences as revealing the individuals interests for self conscience, well being and moral values and drawing the line to it’s importance for governments authorities, policymakers or NGO’s.
The value of a person in Akan traditional life and thought: A contemporary inquiry
Authors: Antwi Joseph Kofi
Published: February 2020

As a contribution to the debate on African Philosophy, this paper explores the value of a person in Akan traditional life and thought. African philosophy can be found in the various traditional and cultural schemes of the people. This paper maintains that one of the approaches of appreciating African philosophy is through the traditional concept and worldview of the nature of a person. This paper argues that a person is not just a bag of flesh and bones that we see with our eyes, but, a more complex being with soul and body. Through a qualitative analysis of the relevant literature, this paper argues that some contemporary incidents, such as African crossing the Mediterranean Sea to seek better life in Europe, and the recent Xenophobic attacks on some African nationals in South Africa, undermines the indigenous value of a person in Akan traditional life and thought. This paper concludes that the real goal of the value of human life, as one of the dominant themes in African philosophy, must be properly studied, assessed, understood and harnessed in addressing contemporary African problems, such as corruption in government and society, environmental degradation, indiscipline, diseases and conflicts in our communities and other social vices. Keywords: Akan worldview, philosophical thought, communalism, humanism, Agenda 2063
The Political Tolerance and the Youth Perceived Participation in Malaysia
Authors: Nizah Mohd Azmir Mohd
Published: February 2020

-text"/-This article was initiated to recognize the level of political tolerance in a multiethnic society of Malaysia, with a specific orientation to the district of Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. It also aimed at identifying factors that stimulus political tolerance in the area involved. In a survey of political tolerance of 200 respondents, this study begs the question of the relationship of political tolerance and youth participation in political activities. It is imperative to study due to the demographic distinctiveness and generality power of expanse for forecasting near future of political and voting tendencies in Selangor. The findings reveal that the youth of Kuala Langat district can be categorized as medium good of political tolerance practitioners, as democratic values and civic participation are more significant than the issue of party politics and ethnicity. It is substantial where moderation has become gradually Malaysia national plan in managing plural society. Results and discussions are further discussed.
The Impact of Self-Esteem on the Attitudes Towards Homosexuality
Authors: Osmanaga Prof.As.Dr. Fatbardha
Published: February 2020

Diversity is part of our everyday lives. It is present everywhere, so it is present in health care settings also. The medical staff serves all the patients, regardless their gender, their race, their religion, regardless their economic status, sexual orientation, political beliefs, etc. It is very important for the medical staff to accept and respect the diversity. In this way, the quality of offered services will be the same for all the people. Having good attitudes towards homosexual individuals is one of the ways of accepting and respecting human diversity. One of the sources of good attitudes towards homosexuality is the having good self-esteem. The paper aims to analyze the impact of self-esteem on the attitudes toward homosexuality of heterosexual students of Professional Master in Nursing, branch of the Faculty of Natural Sciences. It is used the technique of questionnaire. The measuring instruments are: a)Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), b)Attitudes Toward Sexual Orientation: An Adaption of Herek’s ATLG Survey (the adaption is made by Benjamin J. Stefonik). The data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed by means of the SPSS program, variant 20. In the study, we had the participation of 77 heterosexual students of Professional Master in Nursing, 40 students frequent the first academic course and 37 students are at the second academic course. The paper concluded that there is positive correlation between heterosexual students’ self-esteem and their attitudes towards homosexuality (Sig.= 0.083). Their self-esteem is not too positive and their attitudes towards homosexuality are not good. The students prejudice the homosexual individuals. It is very important the improvement of self-esteem and the improvement of the attitudes toward homosexuality of heterosexual students of Professional Master in Nursing, branch of the Faculty of Natural Sciences. The improvement of their self-esteem and their attitudes toward homosexuality will influence the quality of their work. There are defined the main strategies in order to improve students’ self-esteem and their attitudes toward homosexuality.
Integration of Vocal Music, Dance and Instrumental Playing in St Matthews Apostolic Church: Maphopha Congregation
Authors: Lebaka Morakeng Edward Kenneth
Published: February 2020

There are a number of different approaches to determining the functions of music. Members of St Matthews Apostolic church – Maphopha congregation in Sekhukhune district – Limpopo Province in South Africa identify themselves by their music and allow music to become a representation of themselves. In responding to a song, to a hymn, they are drawn into affective and emotional alliances. Their relationship to music is inevitably based upon their emotions and internal connection to a particular song. Emotionally intense songs are even used during funerals to cue specific emotions from the audience for suspense, heartbreak, or a peaceful resolution. Songs, then, become an active ingredient in their lives as they find ways to employ music as a tool to share in their life experiences and bring them to a desired emotional state. The purpose of this study was to contribute towards documenting and describing the integration of vocal music, dance and instrumental playing in this church. To achieve this aim, the study employed a naturalistic approach and data was collected through video recordings of church services, interviews and observations. The primary question the study addressed is: how is collective identity formed through music and how does religious music serve as a core part of culture? The results have shown that in this church, music is manipulated to serve congregational purposes. The investigation has also shown that identity is largely related to musical preference, and the congregants use music to understand who they are and define themselves internally as well as externally.