bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A VIOLÊNCIA SIMBÓLICA JUDAICOCRISTÃ CONTRA A MULHER EM ACÓRDÃO SOBRE A PORNOGRAFIA DE VINGANÇA NO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA MINEIRO
Authors: Ulrich Claudete Beise , Oliveira Taiane Martins , Ramos Vera Gomes Ribeiro
Published: November 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo desvelar a violência simbólica judaico-cristã contra a mulher que permeia as relações sociais, principalmente, no âmbito do ciberespaço. Do mesmo modo, busca-se averiguar em que medida a ideologia patriarcal que é sustentada pelo discurso religioso cristão permeia os votos dos desembargadores do Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais. Por meio do estudo de precedentes do Tribunal Mineiro sobre a divulgação não consentida de imagem íntima se constatou um modo de funcionamento discursivo religioso em acórdão do Poder Judiciário. Isto é, o acórdão está precipuamente enquadrado na tipologia jurídica, mas o voto analisado trazia marcas do discurso religioso. Nunca é demais lembrar que o voto jurídico deveria ser lastreado pelo manto da laicidade.
The Rise of Technocratic Leadership in the 1990s in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Lin Rongrong
Published: November 2020

The transformation of China’s political elite provides important insights into the nation’s political metamorphosis and the changes in cadre selection criteria. The current literature explains the composition of Chinese political elites by referencing cross-sectional biographic data and describing how the revolutionary veterans stepped down and were replaced by the technocrats who emerged in the 1980s and 1990s. However, explanations for the rise of the technocrats have largely been limited to socioeconomic factors. By analyzing the longitudinal data of Chinese provincial leaders during the period of 1990–2013, this article shows the rise of technocrats in Chinese politics in the 1990s but also provides an explanation for it from the perspectives of individuals’ career paths and the contemporaneous political and policy landscapes. These explanations were drawn from analyses of the expansion of higher education and faculty restructuring in the 1950s, graduate job assignments, the recruitment and promotion of young and middle-aged cadres, and the cadre policy known as the Four Modernizations of the early 1980s. This article presents the interactions among individuals’ career opportunities, group composition characteristics, and socioeconomic and macropolitical dynamics. It also reveals how the Chinese Communist Party legitimizes its ruling power and maintains state capacity and political order through elite recruitment.
Article Locating Leadership and Political Will in Social Policy: The Story of India’s MGNREGA
Authors: Krishna Ujjwal , Roche Chris
Published: November 2020

The term ‘political will’ is often conveniently used to explain the success or failure of any policy or programme. It has emerged as the “sine qua non of policy success which is never defined except by its absence” (Hammergren, 1998, p. 12). Therefore, a structured examination of the term is necessary to analyse social policy and programming. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), enacted by India’s United Progressive Alliance government in 2005, offers a compelling case to examine the role of ‘political will’ in the formulation of a major programme. The evolution of the MGNREGA, which has been described by the World Bank as the largest antipoverty state-run employment-generation scheme anywhere in the world (Dutta, Murgai, Ravallion, & van de Walle, 2014), depended significantly on leadership and political commitment in the legislature and the executive, as well as their coordination and substantive engagement with civil society, represented through non-governmental organisations and activists. We explore the complex power relations between the diverse range of actors involved in the MGNREGA, and gauge the role of leadership and political will in the formulation of the MGNREGA, as carried out by the United Progressive Alliance government between 2005 and 2014, in contrast to the manner in which it was reframed and retained by its successor dispensation, the National Democratic Alliance from 2014 onwards. We then examine the MGNREGA, utilising a framework which expands our understanding of political will as being contingent upon leadership at the individual, collective and societal levels (Hudson, Mcloughlin, Roche, & Marquette, 2018), thereby providing us with greater explanatory power.
Leadership, Identity and Performance: The Nature and Effect of ‘Prototypicality’ in Indonesia
Authors: Hudson David , Mcloughlin Claire , Margret Anna , Pandjaitan Yolanda
Published: November 2020

What makes a leader worthy of support? The article uses novel survey and experimental data from Indonesia to test the proposition that identity trumps performance for citizens perceptions of their political leaders. The results confirm theories of ‘prototypicality’—leaders that best reflect and represent the identity of the group tend to be more trusted and have a licence to fail. We argue and show that the dimensions of identity that matter most varies and is context specific. In the Indonesian context religious identity is most important. But the data also suggest that this varies across space, time, and follower identity: We show that gender matters, as women are less easily persuaded by prototypicality. We conclude by reflecting on the implications for leaders, politics and support for leadership development.
Leadership and Change in Asia-Pacific: Where Does Political Will Come From?
Authors: Hudson David , Lemay-Hébert Nicolas , Mcloughlin Claire , Roche Chris
Published: November 2020

We introduce this thematic issue by exploring the role of leadership in social and political change. In current times, the importance of leadership and choice has proved as important as ever. Leadership is often the critical variable separating success or failure, legitimacy and sustainability or collapse. This thematic issue explores a range of in-depth case studies across the Asia-Pacific region that help illustrate the critical elements of leadership. Collectively they demonstrate that leadership is best understood as a collective process involving motivated agents overcoming barriers to cooperation to form coalitions that have enough power, legitimacy and influence to transform institutions. Five themes emerge from the thematic issue as a whole: leadership is political; the centrality of gender relations; the need for a more critical localism; scalar politics; and the importance of understanding informal processes of leadership and social change.
Classificação social, modernidade/colonialidade e relações de gênero: uma abordagem decolonial do rompimento do tecido comunitário dos Povos Tupinambás
Authors: Salles Victória Taglialegna , Bomfim Rainer , Diniz Margareth
Published: November 2020

Resumo: A partir das exposições de narrativas descritivas da organização social dos Povos Tupinambá no Brasil e das interpretações antropológicas, o presente trabalho realiza uma abordagem crítica da apresentação das relações de gênero no mundo-aldeia, identificando características da colonialidade de poder, saber e de gênero que romperam o tecido comunitário indígena e ocultaram a sua autonomia. Aborda a criação das categorias gênero e raça como exercício legitimado de poder, compreendendo que a ótica da modernidade perpetua nos dias atuais por meio de uma matriz republicana burguesa. Identifica a reprodução do discurso moderno pelo Estado Democrático Direito, apesar do reconhecimento dos povos indígenas como sujeitos de direito, propondo uma nova interpretação do problema apontado. Apresenta-se a devolução da autonomia a partir do pluralismo, buscando o reconhecimento da diversidade enquanto individualidade e coletividade e, como ruptura, tensiona a luta pela existência de um Estado restituidor da jurisdição própria e do foro interno comunitário, que garanta a deliberação dos povos tradicionais e possibilite que o próprio povo construa seu projeto histórico. A operacionalização da pesquisa dá-se pelo método jurídicosociológico, bem como pela análise de dados quantitativos secundários e de revisão bibliográfica para o embasamento teórico decolonial.Palavras-chave: direito constitucional, decolonialidade, colonialidade, modernidade, povos tradicionais indígenas.Abstract: From an exhibitions of descriptive narratives of the Tupinambá People social organization in Brazil and from anthropological interpretations, this scientific work takes a critical approach to the presentation of gender relations in the word-village, identifying characteristics of the power coloniality, knowledge and gender that broke the indigenous community web and hid their autonomy. Brings up the creation of gender and race categories as legitimate exercise of power, understanding that the modernity optics remains nowadays through one bourgeois republic matrix. Identifies a reproduction of a modern discourse by the Democratic State, despite the recognition of the indigenous as subjects of the law, proposing one new interpretation of the present problem. Presents the return of autonomy based on pluralism, seeking the recognition of diversity as individuality and collectivity and, as a rupture, intends to fight for the existence of a State that restores its own jurisdiction and the internal community forum, which guarantees the deliberation of the peoples and allow the people themselves to build their historic project. The operationalization of the search is made with a sociologicaljuridical method, as well as by the analysis of secondary quantitative data and the bibliographic review for the theoretical basis decolonial.Keywords: constitutional right, decoloniality, coloniality, modernity, traditional indigenous people.
Sensitivity of influenza viruses to specific drugs in Russia during 2017−2020. The rare finds and perspective antivirals
Authors: Breslav Natalia V. , Krasnoslobotsev Kirill G. , Mukasheva Evgeniya A. , Kirillova Elena S. , Rosatkevich Alexandra G. , Kolobukhina Lyudmila V. , Burtseva Elena I.
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: The article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of anti-influenza drugs in Russia in the period 20172020. The sensitivity of circulating strains of influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B to neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir, zanamivir and rimantadine was determined. The analysis of scientific articles by both domestic and foreign researchers on new promising chemotherapy drugs for influenza viruses was carried out.
AIMS: study of the sensitivity of influenza viruses circulating strains to specific anti-influenza drugs in the framework of monitoring in the period 20172020.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted within the framework of epidemiological surveillance of the influenza viruses circulation using the collection of the influenza etiology and epidemiology laboratory with the following criteria for selecting strains isolated from pregnant women, patients with complicated flu infection and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), lethal outcomes, as well as patients undergoing treatment with specific drugs. Virological, immunological, and molecular genetic methods were used in the study, and following drugs substances were used: oseltamivir carboxylate, zanamivir, and rimantadine.
RESULTS: For the period 20172020, the sensitivity of 541 influenza A and B viruses epidemic strains to anti-influenza drugs was studied. Most of the studied strains remained sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors. The exceptions were: in 2017/2018 5 strains of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus resistant to oseltamivir and 2 strains of the influenza B virus, one with reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir, the second to zanamivir; in 2019/2020 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strain with reduced sensitivity to both drugs.
In the 2018/2019 season, an influenza A/Moscow/246/2018 A(H1N1)pdm09 strain was found to be sensitive to rimantadine.
CONCLUSIONS: The main and most common genetic markers of influenza viruses resistance to specific drugs are: for oseltamivir substitution H274Y in the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus NA; for rimantadine substitution S31N in the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses M2 protein. Taking into account the low frequency of strains with reduced sensitivity to drugs with antineuraminidase activity, can confidently approve that they remain the drugs of choice for the treatment and prevention of influenza infection.
Development of a program for automated recording of the results of polymerase chain reaction studies in real time in the conditions of a massive intake of biological material during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vodopyanov Alexey S. , Khomyakov Yury N. , Pisanov Ruslan V. , Furina Angelina Yu. , Lopatin Anton A. , Noskov Alexey K.
Published: November 2020

With regard to the rapid spread of the latest coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the Russian Federation in 2020, 70 workplaces were organized in Antiplague Center of Rospotrebnadzor and were seconded by specialists from the Rospotrebnadzor research antiplague institutes. However, the round-the-clock three-shift mode of operation significantly complicates the organization and documentation of the studies and increases the risk of errors.
Subsequently in Antiplague Center of Rospotrebnadzor, we have conducted the work to automate the most problematic stages of conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies for the latest coronavirus infection and to develop an algorithm for real-time monitoring of the results.
The development of our own software solutions was carried out in Python 3.8.2.
The initial data for automation were.xlsx files automatically generated by the thermocycler software and typical tabular templates filled in at the sample analysis and RNA extraction stages. The software we developed consolidated the data into a single file register to detect potential errors simultaneously (e.g., the presence of duplicates, differences in the lists of samples at different stages, etc.). Using the Python scripting language provides cross-platform functionality (the ability to work in any operating system) and allows you to easily and quickly modify the system when changing any parameters or input file structure. Thus, 7 days were spent on the development and commissioning of this software complex, which is particularly important when working in an emergency and high alert mode.
Therefore, using the approach we developed made it possible to more quickly detect technical errors, discordant results, and samples requiring re-examination, which in turn reduced the time for issuing results.
Well-Log-Based Velocity and Density Models for the Montney Unconventional Resource Play in Northeast British Columbia, Canada, Applicable to Induced Seismicity Monitoring and Research
Authors: Babaie Mahani Alireza , Malytskyy Dmytro , Visser Ryan , Hayes Mark , Gaucher Michelle , Kao Honn
Published: November 2020

We present detailed velocity and density models for the Montney unconventional resource play in northeast British Columbia, Canada. The new models are specifically essential for robust hypocenter determination in the areas undergoing multistage hydraulic-fracturing operations and for detailed analysis of induced seismicity processes in the region. For the upper 4 km of the sedimentary structure, we review hundreds of well logs and select sonic and density logs from 19 locations to build the representative models. For depths below 4 km, we extend our models using data from the southern Alberta refraction experiment (Clowes et al., 2002). We provide one set of models for the entire Montney play along with two separated sets for the southern and northern areas. Specifically, the models for the southern and northern Montney play are based on logs located in and around the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area and the North Peace Ground Motion Monitoring area, respectively. To demonstrate the usefulness of our detailed velocity model, we compare the hypocenter location of earthquakes that occurred within the Montney play as determined with our model and the simple two-layered model (CN01) routinely used by Natural Resources Canada. Locations obtained by our velocity model cluster more tightly with the majority of events having root mean square residual of <0.2  s compared with that of <0.4  s when the CN01 model is used. Cross sections of seismicity versus depth across the area also show significant improvements in the determination of focal depths. Our model results in a reasonable median focal depth of ∼2  km for events in this area, which is consistent with the completion depths of hydraulic-fracturing operations. In comparison, most solutions determined with the CN01 model have fixed focal depths (0 km) due to the lack of depth resolution.
“Грядущая философия” международных отношений и апофатическая демократия Фреда Даллмайра
Authors: Кочеров Олег
Published: November 2020

Статья приурочена к изданию книги “Cosmopolitan Civility. Global-Local Reflections with Fred Dallmayr” (New York: SUNY, 2020), но выходит за рамки творческого наследия Фреда Даллмайра, рассматривая становление философии международных отношений как самостоятельной дисциплины в контексте множественности философий в современном мире. Поскольку для этого сборника трудов, полилога разделяющих идеалы Ф. Даллмайра исследователей из разных культурных традиций, одним из краеугольных камней стала предложенная Даллмайром идея апофатической демократии, эта концепция анализируется в статье как идеал политического и мирополитического устройства. Рассматриваются ресурсы, имеющиеся у незападных стран для концептуализации и реализации апофатической демократии. Выявляются преимущества концепции апофатической демократии по сравнению с либеральной и агонистической версиями демократии с точки зрения теории международных отношений. Делается вывод о важности обращения незападных стран не только к мейнстримным самобытным философским традициям, но и к другим оригинальным учениям в рамках своих культур при артикуляции политических и внешнеполитических концепций. Апофатическая демократия рассматривается как один из возможных этических идеалов на мирополитической арене, достижение которого должно начаться с реконцептуализации современных теорий международных отношений в рамках глобальной “грядущей” философии международных отношений при включении незападных эпистемологических, этических и иных релевантных философских концепций. В качестве одного из примеров такой реконцептуализации рассматривается развитая Ф. Даллмайром концепция Э. Дусселя о трех измерениях политического пространства: человеческих отношениях, акторах и представлении об общем благе как политическом идеале.
Rare presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a case report
Authors: Hiraki Jack , B. Kumar Mohan
Published: November 2020

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease of complex etiology, with protein manifestations, having a variable course and prognosis. It effects primarily women in their childbearing years (20-40 years). We reported a rare case of 23-year-old woman presented to the GIT clinic with long history (more than 18-months) of hemoptysis without any other significant symptoms and signs. Physical examination reveals tachycardia, and normal blood pressure. Ventilation perfusion scanning is normal. Investigation excluded infectious etiology. Immunological markers revealed high titre of antinuclear antibody (ANA), normal dsDNA antibodies and anti SM. All the imaging investigation are normal including OGD. A cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone pulses were started, with good initial response. In unusual SLE presentation, a wide range of differential diagnosis has to be considered. Primary SLE presents difficult diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Hemoptysis; Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Study of pulmonary function tests in multitransfused children with beta thalassemia major: an observational study
Authors: Shivaswamy Kavya , Chikkanna Somashekhar , Singh Jagdish , Gubbari Keerthana T. N.
Published: November 2020

Background: Thalassemia is a hemoglobinopathy requiring multiple blood transfusions leading to iron deposition in various organs. Abnormalities in pulmonary function in thalassemia major patients have been found in various studies. Our aim was to study pulmonary function tests (PFT) in multitransfused children with beta thalassemia major.Methods: PFT was done in forty beta thalassemia major (TM) patients and forty normal healthy age and sex matched individuals and the results were analyzed.Results: Out of 40 thalassemia major patients, 20 (50%) had normal PFT and the rest 20 (50%) had an abnormal PFT out of which 18 (90%) had restrictive PFT and 2 (10%) had obstructive PFT.  Out of 40 controls, all 40 (100%) had normal PFT.Conclusions: Alteration of pulmonary function can be seen even in well-chelated TM patients. The respiratory system should be evaluated annually by PFTs even in asymptomatic patients to prevent pulmonary sequelae.
Mobile media uses and circumstances in which parents offer these devices to children: a cross sectional study in North India
Authors: Meena Satish K. , Reddy Singam Lakshmi Narsimha , Anand Bhavna , Roy Manas P.
Published: November 2020

Background: To look into circumstances in which parents offer mobile media to their children in an urban, low-middle income community from North India.Methods: Cross sectional study, enrolled 354 children from 6 months to 12 years coming for a well visit or immunization, at a tertiary care hospital from August 2016 to July 2017. A study questionnaire adopted from zero to eight common sense media nationwide survey 2013, USA used to assess the circumstances in which parents offer mobile media to their children.Results: A total of 354 children were enrolled in the study; 56.5% were male and 43.5% female. All of study population had access to handheld mobile devices (75% to smart phones, and 25% to ordinary mobile phones). The most common reason for offering mobile phone to children in all age groups was to console them while crying (73.7%). Other reasons were making them calm while travelling (42.9%), feeding the child (31.6%), and household chores (22.0%). YouTube was the most frequently used app in all age groups.Conclusions: Reasons for offering mobile media devices by parents to their children seen in this study were actually avoidable. It is the ease of parents and lack of awareness regarding optimal media uses which leads to these circumstances.
Azithromycin and ceftriaxone in uncomplicated typhoid fever in paediatric patients: a prospective, comparative and randomized open labelled trail
Authors: Rao K. Narayan , Pratyusha R. , Acharya Anand
Published: November 2020

Background: Typhoid fever is a life-threatening infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. There are limited options for treatment of typhoid fever in children. Carbapenems and azithromycin are two drugs which is available for treatment of infection caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strain of Salmonella typhi.Methods: This is a prospective, comparative, randomized open labelled trail conducted in the department of paediatrics Konaseema institute of medical science, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh. Blood sample was obtained from each patient before start of treatment for determination of complete blood count and differential count at baseline. Everyday each patient was evaluated clinically.Results: The mean duration of fever after start of treatment was 4.41.46 days in group treated by azithromycin and 3.95+1.02 days in group treated by ceftriaxone which is little early without  statistical significance.Conclusions: From present study we can conclude that azithromycin 20 mg/kg/day is as effective as ceftriaxone 75 mg/kg/day for the treatment of typhoid fever in children. Clinical and microbiological cure was comparable in both groups. There was no incidence of relapse of fever in azithromycin treatment group. Diarrhoea was common in patients treated with ceftriaxone and nausea and vomiting was more common in patient treated with azithromycin.
Association between iron deficiency anaemia and simple febrile seizure in South Indian rural population
Authors: Durai Gayathri , Parambath Syamily , Ramayi Rajendiran Ramachari
Published: November 2020

Background: Simple febrile seizure is a common problem worldwide, many studies have investigated the etiology and natural history of febrile seizures and evaluated various management strategies, but very little information is available about iron deficiency as a risk factor. Hence, we aimed to determine the association between iron deficiency anaemia and simple febrile seizures in south Indian rural population. Methods: It is an observational study done in paediatrics department at Sri Venkateshwaraa medical college hospital and research centre. A total 120 (60 cases and 60 control) were included in the study. Children with febrile seizures and controls were included fever without seizures. Informed consent was taken from parents of each child. Children were divided into two groups, cases and controls. Serum ferritin level, Hb, HCT and MCV levels were assessed.Results: Mean Hb level in cases and controls were 9.1±1.2 and 12.7±1.7 mg/dl respectively. Mean MCV value in cases and controls was 78.1±6.2 and 81.4±6.9 respectively. Mean serum iron level in cases was 29.9±4.9 and in controls mean serum iron level was 42.8±7.4. Conclusions: Iron deficiency anaemia is considered as a risk factor for febrile seizures in children.
Pituitary stalk transection syndrome
Authors: Sajeevan Gayathri , Nair Sajitha , Geetha Devika , Bhavani Nisha , Jayakumar C. , Sivadas Suchitra
Published: November 2020

Growth hormone deficiency is one of the most common endocrinological causes for short stature. It can either be idiopathic or associated with organic causes like tumors or following surgery. One of the rare causes for growth hormone deficiency in children is pituitary stalk transection syndrome. It can be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland which shows an ectopic or absent posterior pituitary, an absent or interrupted pituitary stalk, or small anterior pituitary in combination with growth hormone or other pituitary hormone deficiencies. Current report presents a child with pituitary stalk transection syndrome who was brought for evaluation of hypoglycemic seizures.
Clinicopathological study and management of infective swellings of neck in pediatric age group patients
Authors: S. Sudhakar Rao M. , . Bipinkumar , N. Vijaya T.
Published: November 2020

Background: Neck swellings are common presenting complaint in paediatric age group patients attending ENT department and are cause of concern for both doctors and parents because they are considered as red flag.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 102 paediatric patients of both genders attending the OPD of department of ENT, Vijayanagar institute of medical sciences, Bellary, Karnataka, between July 2018 to March 2020.

Results: Out of 102 patients in our study, majority of them were reactive lymphadenopathy 47 (46%). Out of 41 deep neck space infections, submandibular space is the most commonly involved space 27 (65.8%). Twenty-nine (70.7%) DNSI’s needed institutional management hence got admitted and among them 20 (48.7%) were submandibular space infection and 7 (17%) were Ludwig’s angina which was statistically significant (p=0.001). Among 27 submandibular space infection, 24 (88.8%) had fever, 19 (70.3%) had local pain, 4 (14.8%) had dysphagia which was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusions: In the infective neck swellings of paediatric age group the submandibular space infection needs the zenith of active institutional management among both the genders, and the Ludwig’s angina warrants its treatment on institutional admission which is frequent in this age group.
Optic fenestration in benign intracranial hypertension: case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Singla Monika , Goel Sahil , Rishi Porshia , Tuli Nitika , Sidhu Harjinder , Munjal Shubham
Published: November 2020

Condition of raised intracranial pressure without any mass lesion and normal cerebrospinal fluid composition is termed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri. Raised intracranial tension with visual effects was treated by trans-sphenoidal optic fenestration as an emergency intervention to salvage the vision. The lamina papyracea on either side was lifted off the orbital periosteum and thick bone of the ethmoid sphenoidal junction was drilled with a diamond burr to thin it and elevate the bone covering the optic nerve.
Isolated schwannoma of maxillary sinus: a rare occurrence
Authors: Francis Glynis Florence , T. C. Vikram Raj Mohanam , M. Lakshanadeve V. , Kurien Mary , Mohanraj Anand
Published: November 2020

Schwannomas are benign tumors originating from the neural crests (schwann cells), which are cells that form the nerve sheath of peripheral nerve fibers. Around 25-45% cases of schwannomas occur in the head and neck, of which less than 4% occurs in the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. Isolated schwannomas of the maxillary sinus appear to be extremely rare. We report a case of an isolated maxillary schwannoma in a 45 years old lady who presented with swelling in the right cheek for 1 year and right sided nasal obstruction for 4 months. The swelling was not associated with epistaxis, fever, headache or visual disturbances. We report this case keeping in mind the rarity in occurrence of isolated maxillary schwannomas
A study on intra-operative and post-operative effects of dexmedetomidine on haemodynamic stress responses to surgeries
Authors: Kaladhar S , Korukonda Viditha
Published: November 2020

Stress response usually involves hormonal and metabolic changes which follow injury or trauma. Many of the manoeuvres, such as laparoscopic surgeries, laryngoscopies, tracheal intubation and extubation involve sympathetic stimulation. Dexmedetomidine is a specific and short acting alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist and a potent drugwhich decreases sympathetic tone, with attenuation of the neuroendocrine and hemodynamic responses to anaesthesia and surgery; reduces anaesthetic and opioid requirements; and causes sedation and analgesia.

100 patients between the ages of 18-60 years, with ASA score of I and II and scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia were included in the study and divided into 2 groups of 50 each. Group I was given saline solution as Placebo and Group II was given 100 μg/ml of Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. The data collection was performed every 2 minutes during induction of anaesthesia and for 10 minutes after tracheal intubation. The need for post operative analgesia was decided according to the visual analogue scale.

Dexmedetomidine reduced the heart rate significantly (P<0.05) in comparison to the baseline values at 15 and 30 minutes, and compared to the control group. The heart rate values recorded after 15, 60,120,180 minutes, in PACU were significantly less in Dexmedetomidine group in comparison to control group.

The perioperative infusion of Dexmedetomidine appears to be effective to attenuate stress induced haemodynamic fluctuation, reduced Propofol requirements, decreased the intra and post-operative narcotic analgesic administration, produced perioperative sedation in patients.
Combination of epidural bupivacaine and fentanyl for labour analgesia: An observational longitudnal study
Authors: Mirza Meesam , Najeeb Rukhsana , Masoodi Tahir
Published: November 2020

Labour is a physiological process which is associated with most severe pain. Goal of labour analgesia should be to ensure painless labour without any side effect. Various methods have been used to alleviate pain during labour but the only consistently effective method is lumbar epidural analgesia. Since higher doses of local anaesthetics cause undesirable effects like motor block and hemodynamic changes, adjuvants like opioids are used.

The present study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of continuous lumbar epidural for vaginal delivery using 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml of fentanyl.

91 patients admitted to Lalladed hospital govt medical college Srinagar for vaginal delivery and who were in active labour were given first loading dose of 10ml 0.25% plain bupivacaine via epidural catheter followed by continuous epidural infusion of 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml fentanyl @ 12ml/hr. the parturients were assessed for onset and duration of analgesia, hemodynamics, sensory block, mode of delivery, and APGAR(neonatal outcome).

Onset of analgesia was significantly faster(10 min). The duration of analgesia was also longer. There were no significant hemodynamic changes. No motor block was seen. 1 min and 5 min APGAR scores were comparable.

It was concluded that epidural labour analgesia with low dose bupivacaine (0.0625%) with fentanyl (2.5mcg/ml) given through continuous infusion technique provides good pain relief to the parturient in labour with increased maternal satisfaction without significant maternal or fetal side effects.
Taylors approach as a savior in difficult spine anatomy
Authors: Halder Bivash , Narayan Anil Kumar , Shandilya Ajay S
Published: November 2020

We report a case which was managed by spinal anaesthesia using Taylor's approach. The patient had an altered spine anatomy due to previous L4-L5 laminectomy and discectomy with L4, L5, S1 transpedicular fixation and fusion. Patient's history of post-operative confusion and apprehension about general anaesthesia (GA) made spinal anaesthesia our first choice. However, in view of the altered spine anatomy, Taylor's approach was used successfully to manage anaesthesia to avoid GA.

Although SAB is a relative contraindication for patient with history of previous spine surgery mostly due to altered spine anatomy, SAB can be safely administered via Taylor’s approach when general anaesthesia has to be avoided.
Anesthetic management of a known case of pemphigus vulgaris with diabetes mellitus posted for surgery
Authors: Chakraborty Ritwik , Kochhar Namrata
Published: November 2020

80 yr old diabetic female known case of pemphigus vulgaris, got admitted to our hospital with relapse of fresh lesions. During her hospital stay she fell down in the washroom and developed fracture in inter-trochanteric region of left femur for which surgery was planned. She had pancytopenia, low hemoglobin level, low platelet count and deranged blood sugar levels. After optimization she was planned for surgery under spinal anesthesia. Special care was taken during transfer, positioning, placement of intravenous lines and monitors. She was premedicated with intravenous steroids. Part was painted gently with chlorhexidine & spinal anesthesia was administered using hyperbaric bupivacaine with a 26 gauge Quincke’s needle taking care not to puncture the blisters and papules. Pressure points were adequately padded. Intra-operative hemodynamics were stable. Post-operatively, care was taken for the existing lesions along with special care to prevent the development of fresh lesions.
Xavier Mina, el insurgente español: guerrillero por la libertad de España y México
Authors: Orozco Piñón Eduardo Adán
Published: November 2020

Gustavo Pérez Rodríguez, Xavier Mina, el insurgente español: guerrillero por la libertad de España y México, México, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Secretaría de Desarrollo Institucional/Seminario de Investigación sobre Historia y Memorias Nacionales, 2018, 446 p. (Serie Historia Novohispana, 105).
Una novela criminal
Authors: Del Ángel Landeros Erik
Published: November 2020

Jorge Volpi, Una novela criminal, México, Alfaguara, 2018.
Militantes de la izquierda latinoamericana en México, 1920-1934. Prácticas políticas, redes y conspiraciones
Authors: Granados García Aimer
Published: November 2020

Sebastián Rivera Mir, Militantes de la izquierda latinoamericana en México, 1920-1934. Prácticas políticas, redes y conspiraciones. México, El Colegio de México/Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, 2018. ISBN: 978-607-628-417-9.
Geografía e historia en Iberoamérica: síntesis de su evolución y consideraciones contemporáneas
Authors: García Valladares Miguel Enrique
Published: November 2020

¿Qué tanta cercanía hay o ha habido entre geógrafos e historiadores, si se supone que hay una afinidad?, ¿qué aspectos teórico-metodológicos habría que tomar en cuenta para que la interdisciplina sea efectiva?, ¿qué se está haciendo desde Iberoamérica? Esto es lo que algunos geógrafos e historiadores tratan de responder en el  libro Geografía e historia en Iberoamérica: síntesis de su evolución y consideraciones contemporáneas, publicado en 2015 por el Instituto de Geografía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, al reflexionar sobre las practicas geográfica e historiográfica iberoamericanas.
Hacer la revolución. Guerrillas latinoamericanas, de los años sesenta a la caída del muro
Authors: Dip Nicolás
Published: November 2020

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La ciudad arde este verano: Buenos Aires, enero de 1919. Roles sexuales y demandas por derechos de una clase obrera generizada
Authors: Norando Verónica
Published: November 2020

En este artículo me propongo aportar al examen sobre la “Semana Trágica” de 1919 desde la historia social y los estudios de género. Focalizo en el papel de las relaciones comunitarias y de sociabilidad que fueron la base de esa resistencia obrera y en los roles de género que surgieron durante el conflicto. De este estudio concluyo que las causas fundamentales de la gran resistencia alcanzada en dicha semana hay que buscarlas en la cultura de la resistencia gestada con los años, sobre todo a partir del proceso huelguístico de 1910, en donde las relaciones de género y la sociabilidad de las mujeres cumplieron un papel fundamental. La originalidad de este trabajo radica en que la “Semana Trágica” nunca se ha investigado desde esta perspectiva, sobre todo desde la de género, lo que brinda nuevos hallazgos y, sobre todo, visibiliza el papel de las mujeres en dicho acontecimiento histórico.
Los impuestos a puertas, ventanas, perros, caballos y carros de Santa Anna, 1853-1855
Authors: Strobel del Moral Héctor Manuel
Published: November 2020

Este artículo trata sobre los impuestos a puertas, ventanas y perros, decretados por Santa Anna entre 1853 y 1854, así como los de caballos y carros, que datan de antes. Pese a lo que la historiografía liberal sostuvo para desprestigiar a Santa Anna, en su tiempo, estas contribuciones no fueron consideradas“extravagantes” ni “ridículas”, ya que se adoptaron de Europa y fueron un intento por gravar progresivamente la riqueza sin afectar a las clases menesterosas. Tampoco hay prueba de que se creyeran “odiosas” ni “vejatorias”, pues pocos las pagaron y se otorgaron bastantes exenciones. Antes bien, su mala planificación y la concesión de exenciones causó que, a costa de grandes esfuerzos y gastos, lo recaudado fuera poco. Con tal de ahorrar y comenzar el cobro lo más pronto posible, fueron mal planificadas, lo cual perjudicó al erario y dificultó la recaudación. Los funcionarios públicos fueron sus principales críticos y el mismo gobierno decidió abolirlas en 1855.
El presupuesto de culto en la Argentina del siglo XIX. Debates historiográficos y un estudio de caso: Tucumán, 1861-1897
Authors: Abalo Esteban
Published: November 2020

La asignación de fondos por parte del Estado para financiar el culto  católico en Argentina ha sido y es un tema de discusión tanto en el ámbito académico como fuera de él. El significado de esos aportes, su pertinencia, su origen histórico, son algunas de las cuestiones que se han discutido durante gran parte del siglo XX y los años que corren del actual. En el presente artículo se propone hacer una revisión de algunas de las conclusiones a las cuales llegaron investigaciones precedentes, tanto en el pasado más o menos remoto, como en la actualidad. Por último, se pretende poner a discusión esas conclusiones con el estudio de un caso particular: el presupuesto estatal de culto en la provincia de Tucumán durante las últimas cuatro décadas del siglo XIX.
Las relaciones cívico-militares en Argentina y Uruguay: una revisión bibliográfica de sus tempranos devenires (1900-1930)
Authors: Goldentul Analía
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo se propone realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre los cambios operados en la esfera de las relaciones cívico-militares en Argentina y Uruguay durante las primeras tres décadas del siglo xx. A través de una perspectiva histórica y comparativa se revisan los factores explicativos que  distintos historiadores y cientistas sociales privilegiaron para dar cuenta de las condiciones de acumulación de poder de las fuerzas armadas, en un periodo en el que estas atravesaron importantes cambios internos (doctrinarios y organizacionales) y externos (referidos a las relaciones que mantuvieron con el sistema político y la sociedad civil). La hipótesis que guía el análisis sugiere que entre 1900 y 1930 las fuerzas armadas argentinas lograron constituirse en un poder militar, mientras que en Uruguay las mismas tendieron a ser relegadas de la escena política y social.
La cooperación internacional en el ciberperiodismo ecuatoriano
Authors: Levoyer Saudia
Published: November 2020

La expansión de los cibermedios ecuatorianos contó con el apoyo de la cooperación internacional, interesada en el fortalecimiento del sistema democrático y la libertad de expresión. Las ONG internacionales, con apoyo de las que se encuentran en Ecuador, invirtieron en capacitación y capitales semilla. Este proceso arrancó cuando la relación entre el gobierno de Rafael Correa (2007-2017) y los medios de comunicación de información se tensó y los periodistas migraron a la web, para continuar con su trabajo.

Plan V y Periodismo de Investigación son dos de los proyectos que recibieron fondos para desarrollarse. Esta forma de financiamiento puede considerarse como una variante del modelo de negocio patrocinado.

Esta investigación, que es de tipo descriptivo, busca determinar cómo se establece la ayuda de la cooperación internacional a los cibermedios, para lo cual se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a los voceros de las ONG locales, como Fundamedios y FOPE; una internacional, como Freedom House; y a los representantes de los cibermedios Plan V y Periodismo de Investigación. Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación financiada por la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, sede Ecuador.
DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTIVE MEDIUM FOR BACTERIA Y .RUCKERI
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Vorotnikov А.P. , Vasiliev D.А. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shmorgun B.I. ,   FSBI All Russian state centre for quality and standardization of medicines for animals and feed
Published: November 2020

In this work the research results on development of selective biphase medium for detachment and bacterial identification of microorganism Y. ruckeri are shown. The selective medium consists of 2 phases: 1)liquid, on the basis of meat-peptone broth, sodium azide (NaN₃) and sodium dodecyl sulphate; 2) dense, including agar, maltose, trypton and bromthymol blue. It was established that substrate on the basis of sodium azide and dodecyl sulphate admit growth of Y. ruckeri on dense phase only under condition of weakening NaN₃ with 0,08%, based on its molecule migration into agar. During the test on specificity, engineered biphase medium showed presence of adequate stability of microorganisms of Yersinia species to inhibitory environmental components. Bacteria Y. ruckeri , Y. enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis species showed good growth even in weak concentrations, but it was not showed by used I experiments bacteria of grampositive and gram-negative groups, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Аeromonas hydrophila. So the use of this selective medium is entirely sufficient for primary differentiation carrying out of bacteria Yersinia species from other gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms found in fish water area. For further differentiation of Yersinia ruckeri, cultures it is enough to cultivate cultures, obtained on experimental medium, on Giss medium with arabinose 48 hours at the temperature of 260С. Bacteria Y. species doesn’t ferment arabinose, in contrast to other bacteria Yersinia , which allows to make clear specific belonging of studied cultures.
INDIRECT METHODS OF NUTRIENTS DETERMINATION IN FEED STUFF FOR DIARY CATTLE, SHEEP AND PIGS
Authors:   FSBSI FSC AICB named after L.К. Ernst, Anikin А. S. , Nekrasov R. V. ,   FSBSI FSC AICB named after L.К. Ernst
Published: November 2020

We considered the question of demand parameters correspondence in feedstuff nutrition of separate groups of animals to parameters of feedstuff nutrition and possibility of their determination in feedstuff. For comparison we chose methods of determination of feedstuff chemical composition during zootechnic analysis, actual data of feedstuff nutrition on a database and estimate indicators of feedstuff chemical composition. Under factory conditions it is practically impossible to make full zootechnic feed analysis of diet according to specified parameters on grounds of analysis cost, laboratory opportunities and time conditions. Indirect methods of feedstuff nutrition index obtainment from data base and calculation with the help of regression were developed. However from database it is not always possible to get comprehensive information. There is not enough information in database on content in feedstuff microelements, vitamins, ADF, NDF, starch, sugar, etc. For calculation of feedstuff nutrition formulae were used in indirect method. They fully provide calculations of energetic partially protein feedstuff nutrition, but also calculations of separate parameters of carbohydrate nutrition. For calculation of mineral and vitamin and specific parameters of lipidic and carbohydrate nutrition there are no certain calculation formula. Consequently, along with advance of analysis methods of feedstuff chemical composition, it is necessary to broaden and deepen databases of feedstuff and continue research to establish mathematical models for calculations of feedstuff chemical composition . These developments will allow significantly speeding up calculations of diets, reducing costs and time on feedstuff analysis.
ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING EVALUATION OF RAM HOGS GROWTH OF KARACHAI BREED OF DIFFERENT BIRTH MONTHS
Authors:   FSBSI North- Caucasian FSAC, Ulimbasheva R.А.
Published: November 2020

Meat sheep breeding got a big popularity in recent years, which one of the main ways is production of high quality mutton with least possible working and physical resources. One of the reserves of expansion of output is the use of different processing methods, such as production and sale of lamb meat in birth year with account for lamb birth period. The research aim is to study growth characteristics and feed efficiency by liveweight gain of ram hog of Karachai breed, born in different months- February, March and April. Research for the study of growth characteristics and feed efficiency by liveweight gain on ram hogs of Karchai breed was carried out in conditions of submontane zone of the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic. The research object is ram hogs of Karachai breed. During the research analytical, common zoocultural and biometric techniques were used. Lambing ewes in February – March period gave the edge on offsprings in live weight parameters, daily live weight gain and feed efficiency by products. By the end of their superiority over ram-hogs of April birth month was according to liveweight 3,2-4,7 kg (Р>0,999), and according to average daily growth for all the production cycle – 12-17 g (Р>0,999). Production of lamb meat from ram hogs of February- March birth period was less expensive which had for 0,61-0,77 EFU and 61-79 g of digestible protein lower, was less expensive. Lambing ewes in February and March provides the obtainment of more constitutional strong offsprings, which predominate herdmates of April birth according to growth parameters and feed efficiency.