bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Organic Matter and Certain Anions on the Yield and Phosphorus Content of Oats1
Authors: Albritton D. J. , Ellis Roscoe
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In pot culture experiments the influence of organic materials and certain anions on yields and phosphorus contents and uptake by oats were investigated. Silicate supplement was especially effective, much more so than organic materials, in increasing yields and phosphorus uptake.
Biologic Measurement of Environment as an Aid in Selection1
Authors: Grafius J. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Two models for classifying environment using standard varieties to measure the environment were proposed. Various schemes for selection were discussed and it was shown that it is not always advantageous to save the best lines. This paradox becomes less incredible when, for example, one considers that if a variety performs well at cool night temperatures relative to another, the reverse may be true at high night temperatures. Data were presented to support this point.
Has Teaching Efficiency Improved Under the Honor System?1
Authors: Carter Jack F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The Honor System, a device for student proctoring of examinations, was tried during the winter, spring, and fall quarters, 1956, in the School of Agriculture, North Dakota Agricultural College. Teaching efficiency under the Honor System appears to have been benefited in time saved by instructor previously spent proctoring, increased clarity of test coverage and statement of test questions, and a less tense environment during examinations. Student‐instructor relationship improved and contributed to better communication between pupil and teacher. A large majority of students favored continued use of Honor System.
Effect of Adequate Nutrient Supply and Varying Conditions of Cultivation, Weed Control, and Moisture Supply on Soil Structure and Corn Yields1
Authors: Swanson C. L. W. , Jacobson H. G. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Experimental data obtained over a 3‐year period with field plots located on Cheshire sandy loam indicate that in humid climates under irrigated conditions with adequate fertilization, it is not necessary to clean cultivate to obtain maximum corn yields, provided the structure of the soil is maintained at an optimum. Under these conditions, one cultivation or use of herbicide may be adequate.
Effects of Long‐Time Soil Treatments on the Organic Carbon Content of Some Illinois Soils1
Authors: Stauffer R. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The organic carbon content of 8 soil types on 7 Illinois soil‐experiment fields was relatively little affected by 40 years, of different fertility treatments, although crop yields were increased markedly by the treatments. Three treatments, (1) manure, lime, and rock phosphate, (2) no lime or fertilizer, and (3) residues, lime, rock phosphate, and potash, were included in the study.
Inheritance of an Exposed Stigma Mutant in Alfalfa, Medicago Sativa L.1
Authors: Markus R. , Wilsie C. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Tetrasomic inheritance of a single factor difference was postulated to explain F2 and backcross ratios from a cross involving normal × exposed stigma. Forty eight F1 plants were normal. Of 17 F2 progenies, 9 segregated approximately 35:1 and 8, approximately 3:1. Respective backcross; ratios were 5:1 and 1:1. Deviations from expected ratios indicated a deficiency of recessive genotypes, due possibly to partial selection against recessive gametes.
Two Additional Factors for Host Resistance to Net Blotch in Barley1
Authors: Mode C. J. , Schaller C. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Eight varieties, 6 resistant to net blotch and 2 susceptible, were used as parents in the genetic studies reported in this paper. Three genes for resistance—Pt1, Pt2, and Pt3—differentiated the six resistant varieties from the susceptible varieties, Atlas and Atlas 46. Pt1 and Pt2 were tightly linked with about 2.57% recombination; Pt3 was inberited independently of the linked genes. The genes for net b'otch resistance were inherited independently of the Hanna gene for mildew resistance carried by Atlas 46.
Yield of Sudangrass Varieties as Affected by Time and Frequency of Cutting1
Authors: Burger A. W. , Jackobs J. A. , Hittle C. N.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Four Sudangrass varieties produced much less dry matter when harvested under the pasture system than when harvested under the hay system. Cutting date had no effect on the rank of the varieties in herbage production under hay management. Disease susceptible varieties tend to produce relatively less dry matter than disease resistant varieties, at the hay rather than the pasture system of management, and at the late rather than the early cutting dates within the hay system of management.
Influence of Timing of Irrigation on Yield, Quality and Fruiting of Upland Cotton1
Authors: Spooner A. E. , Caviness C. E. , Spurgeon W. I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Irrigation increased the yield of cotton approximately 1 bale per acre but water applied before blooming had no beneficial effect. Maturity was delayed and the peak of fruiting was extended 2 weeks by irrigation. Shedding was significantly decreased and boll size was significantly increased. Lint quality was improved in most cases by proper moisture conditions.
Effects of Chloride and Sulfate on P32 Uptake by Potatoes1
Authors: Gausman H. W. , Cunningham C. E. , Struchtemeyer R. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Chlorides and sulfates had a differential effect on the uptake of P32 by potatoes. Chlorides had a positive effect and sulfates a negative effect.
The Inheritance of Inflorescence Type, Peduncle Length, Flowers Per Node, and Percent Flower Shedding in Soybeans1
Authors: van Schaik P. H. , Probst A. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

One factor pair conditioned type of inflorescence. The gene for pedunculate was dominant over sub‐sessile inflorescence. The symbols Se and se have been assigned to this factor pair.

Inflorescence type segregated independently of flower color and growth type but was linked with maturity and height.

Peduncle length, flower number per node, and percent flower shedding were inherited quantitatively with dominance and complementary gene effects toward long peduncles, high flower number, and high shedding.
Root Anatomy and Growth Habit of Some Alfalfa Varieties in Relation to Wilt Resistance and Winter‐hardiness1
Authors: Seth Jagdish , Dexter S. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In no way could the anatomy of the wilt resistant varieties of alfalfa be differentiated from that of the susceptible varieties. Short days caused a notable decrease and recumbence in top growth of the winter‐hardy varieties. The annual growth rings of the field‐grown roots of hardy varieties revealed formation of large xylem vessels during long days and small xylem vessels during shorter days. The same contrast in vessel size was seen in the greenhouse‐grown roots of hardy varieties but it was less prominent in nonwinter‐hardy varieties.
Moisture Relations in Soft Red Winter Wheats. I. Varietal Differences and Delayed Harvest Effects1
Authors: Pool Mart , Patterson Fred L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Four varieties of soft red winter wheat differed in rate of drying to the 14% moisture level in the field after rains or dews. Rates of moisture gains and losses in the laboratory increased during the delayed harvest period and were related to internal changes in kernel structure. Varieties differed in rate of change in absorption properties during the delayed harvest period.
Variability in Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Clonally Propagated Kenland Red Clover1
Authors: Seay William A. , Henson Lawrence
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dry matter yield, total uptake of soil and fertilizer P, utilization of fertilizer P mixed through the soil or topdressed and uptake of soil and, fertilizer K varied much more among 30 clones of Kenland red clover than among replicates of clones. These same properties varied widely among 10 clones selected for longevity. It appears that plant yield or uptake of nutrients by clover or like plants can be measured more precisely by using all plants propagated from the same clone than by using seed which vary in genetic character.
Genes for Stem Rust Resistance in Kenya Farmer Wheat1
Authors: Aslam Mohammed , Ausemus E. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In crosses of Kenya Farmer with Marquis, Kentana, and Lerma, the mature plant reaction to a collection of races of stem rust in the field appeared to be inherited on a relatively simple basis, with resistance dominant. The F3 seedling reactions to stem rust race 15B indicated an interaction of 3 independently inherited genes for resistance and 2 epistatic genes for susceptibility. Seedling reaction to races 38 and 11 were the same except there was only 1 susceptible gene.
Comparison of Different Generations of Soybean Crosses Grown in Bulk1
Authors: Torrie James H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Among soybean crosses grown in bulk, a differential response occurred for seed yield but not for plant height, lodging index, or relative maturity when the same generation was tested in different years. However, crosses responded similarly for all characters when different generations were tested concurrently using seed of the same age. Crops grown from 2‐ and 3‐year old seed were lower in yield and slightly later in maturity than those grown from 1‐year old seed.
Treating Irrigated Sorghum with 2,4‐D1
Authors: Wiese A. F. , Rea H. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Sorghum at the flowering stage was susceptible to all rates of 2,4‐D. Applications of ½ pound per acre of either 2,4‐D ester or amine did not reduce yields of sorghum at other stages of growth. One or two pounds of 2,4‐D per acre supplied immediately after irrigations tended to reduce sorghum yields.
Growth, Maturity, and Yield of Corn as Affected by Chloride in Potassium Fertilizer1
Authors: Younts S. E. , Musgrave R. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

High concentrations of chloride attained in row fertilization had adverse effects on corn growth, maturity, and yield. Broadcasting or mixing the chloride with soil tended to alleviate these effects. Low chloride applications, common in hill or row fertilization with KCI, were not detrimental but generally beneficial.
Effect of Pot Size and Shape on Yield and Phosphorus Uptake of Millet1
Authors: Armiger W. H. , Fried Maurice
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Small containers produced the largest yields based on a ratio of plant population to weight of soil. Generally, for greenhouse experiments relatively small containers not only offer an economy in quantity of soil and greenhouse space needed, but actually give comparable yields per unit weight of soil.
A Comparison of Birdsfoot Trefoil‐Bluegrass and Ladino Clover‐Bluegrass for Pasture: II. Yield of Herbage and Relationships to Lamb Response
Authors: Davis R. R. , Bell D. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

When measured by cages, European birdsfoot trefoil‐bluegrass pastures yielded more dry matter than Ladino clover‐bluegrass. Rotational grazing generally resulted in higher yield and the nitrogen content of the herbage was higher than with continuous grazing. The yield of dry matter was closely correlated with animal carrying capacity (r = 0.811). Herbage yield and animal gain per acre were not related.
Air Pollution With Relation to Agronomic Crops: II. A Bio‐Assay Approach to the Study of Air Pollution
Authors: Noble Wilfred M. , Wright Lloyd A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Poa annua (annual blue grass) has been studied and used to determine the relative intensity of the primary phytotoxicant in the Los Angeles smog. Petunia (Rosy Morn) has been used in addition in order to increase the reliability of the diagnosis. A standard technique has been developed for the use of these materials. This method has been in continuous operation since October 1954.
Growth of Alfalfa, Red Clover, and Birdsfoot Trefoil Seedlings Under Various Quantities of Light1
Authors: Gist George R. , Mott G. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Alfalfa, red clover, and birdsfoot trefoil seedlings gave a linear growth response to light treatments ranging from 2,400 to 14,400 foot‐candle‐hours per day. During the period from 41 to 56 days after seedling emergence, under the highest light treatment, red clover made 20% more top growth and 50% less root growth than alfalfa. Under the lowest light treatment the top growth of red clover was approximately twice that of alfalfa.
The Heritability of Reaction in Alfalfa to Common Leafspot1
Authors: Adams M. W. , Semeniuk G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Estimates of heritability of family differences in reaction to Pseudopeziza medicaginis ranged from 79.26 to 89.62% in 2 unrelated alfalfa populations. The heritability of individual differences was lower, amounting to 27.4% in the one population for which it was calculated. Excellent agreement was obtained among four estimates of genetic variance for leafspot reaction in the case of one population.
The Influence of Oat Stubble Management on the Establishment of Alfalfa and Red Clover1
Authors: Klebesadel L. J. , Smith Dale
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Establishment was improved by clipping stubble close to the soil surface in late July after grain harvest, especially where the oats had been sprayed to control weeds. Clipping benefited red clover more than alfalfa. Clipping in late August was usually beneficial when moisture was abundant but was harmful under low‐moisture conditions. Raking after clipping was beneficial to alfalfa but was usually detrimental to red clover except after August clipping when moisture was abundant.
Growth Response of Alfalfa Seedlings Under Various Light Regimes1
Authors: Bula R. J. , Rhykerd C. L. , Langston R. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dry weight accumulation in alfalfa seedlings was essentially proportional to light intensity when grown under 750, 1500, and 3000 f‐c. and a 15‐hour photoperiod. A high light intensity period followed by a low intensity period resulted in greater dry weight accumulatlon than an inverse light regime even though the total amount of incident energy was the same.
Multiple Variation Including Crown Rust Resistance in Irradiated Floriland Oats1
Authors: Chapman W. H. , Luke H. H. , Wallace A. T. , Lunden A. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Extreme variation in morphological characters and pathological reaction was observed in progenies from irradiated Floriland oats. When inoculated with crown rust race 264 under greenhouse conditions, a mesothetic reaction and a distinct mature‐plant resistance were observed. Resistance to crown rust race 264 and race 290 was found under greenhouse conditions and to race 264 under widely different field conditions.
The Effect of Soil Moisture and Light on Flowering in Paspalum spp.1
Authors: Bennett Hugh W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Flowering of Paspalum species varies under normal environmental conditions. Differences in the time, order, and rate of flowering are not changed by day reversal or by varying soil moisture.
Combining Ability for Seed Characteristics in Bromus Inermis Leyss1
Authors: Nielson A. K. , Kalton R. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Extensive variation and segregation for combining ability for seed yield, panicle number, fertility, and seed weight were observed. One generation of inbreeding had no effect on combining ability for seed yield or weight, but decreased fertility somewhat. Panicle number and fertility were the primary components of seed yield, while seed weight was unrelated to these. Heritability of combining ability for fertility and seed weight was relatively high, but only moderate for seed yield and panicle number. Forage and seed yield were positively correlated but predictive value was low.
Relationship of Beef Gains to Forage Yields1
Authors: Schultz E. F. , Langford W. R. , Evans E. M. , Patterson R. M. , Anthony W. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Annual acre beef gain is related to annual acre forage production. The relationship is quadratic and may be used for estimating differences in annual beef gain per acre among treatments evaluated as to forage production under grazing conditions in the same experiments. The difference‐estimating equation is:

D = 0.071,18 (X1 − X2) − 0.000,001,732 (X12 − X22), where X1 and X2 are the average annual acre yields in pounds of oven dry forage for the two treatments.
The Zebra Leaf Character in Alfalfa and Its Dosage‐Dominance Relationship1
Authors: Stanford E. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The character zebra leaf in alfalfa is dependent on a single tetrasomic gene with dominance at the duplex level. The tetrasomic duplex‐dominant system differs rather markedly from the simplex‐dominant system in the proportion of dominant plants in successive generations of inbreeding. This would be reflected in a different rate in the decline of hybrid vigor in inbreed generations.
Estimation of Available Soil Potassium from Plant Analyses1
Authors: Phillips M. W. , Barber S. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Results from greenhouse and field experiments indicate that total potassium uptake is a more precise measurement of available soil potassium than is the percent potassium in the whole plant or in the sixth leaf. Total uptake of potassium varied less with variations in nitrogen, phosphate and plant weight than did percent composition.
Development of Axillary Buds in Maize in Relation to Barrenness1
Authors: Sass John E. , Loeffel Frank A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The formation of floral organs in maize is not prevented by dense planting. Competitive pressure does not produce a marked retardation of ear elongation, ovary development, or silk elongation until approximately 74 days after planting. Barrenness is the result of failure of silk emergence during the pollen‐shedding period.
Lodging Resistance Studies in Oats. II. Inheritance and Heritability1
Authors: Frey K. J. , Norden A. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Lodging resistance in oat crosses as measured by the cLr method appeared to be genetically controlled. Heritability percentages were 19, 6, and 15, respectively, for the F2–F3, F2–F4, and F3–F4, comparisons. Considerable variability for lodging resistance was found among lines selected from Clintland variety.
Effect of Depth of Water Table on Yield of Ladino Clover, Orchardgrass, and Tall Fescue1
Authors: Gilbert W. B. , Chamblee D. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Without surface watering, Ladino clover, orchardgrass, and tall fescue produced 20, 54, and 71% more, respectively, with 6‐inch water tables, than with 12‐ and 20‐inch water tables. With 1 inch of surface water per week, a large increase in yields was obtained with the lower water tables, and a depression with the 6‐inch water tables. With surface watering, the depths of water tables had little effect on the yield of Ladino clover.
Relationship Between Botanical Composition, Nitrogen Response, and Water Table Level on Wet Meadow Sod1
Authors: Klages M. G. , Asleson J. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Controlled water level and nitrogen fertilizer treatments on native wet meadow sods grown in large drums greatly altered the botanical composition of these sods over a 3‐year period. Changes in the botanical composition accounted for much of the effect of these treatments on yield. Treatments favoring sedges and forbs gave low yields, while treatments favoring grasses produced high yields.
N and P Composition and Yield of Corn as Affected by Fertilization1
Authors: Reichman G. A. , Grunes D. L. , Carlson C. W. , Alessi J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Corn yield and N and P percentages were increased by fertilization with N at rates up to 80 pounds per acre together with P at 22 pounds per acre. The yields were highly correlated with the N percentages in the corn leaves. Critical N levels were calculated from the data.
Evaluation of Cool‐Season Turfgrasses Alone and In Mixtures1
Authors: Juska F. V. , Hanson A. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A mixture of 75% Merion Kentucky blue‐grass with 25% red fescue and mixtures of common Kentucky bluegrass with red fescue produced a higher quality turf in 1958 than either of the bluegrasses seeded alone. Merion seeded alone was superior to mixtures of Merion‐common and Merion‐red fescue the first 4 years, 1954–57, after which this variety was seriously injured by stripe smut.
Varietal Differences in the Rotenoid Content of Tephrosia vogelii1
Authors: Irvine J. E. , Freyre R. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The mean rotenoid content of 16 introductions of Tephrosia vogelii was found to vary from 0 to 2.9% dry weight. Mean differences were observed at the 1% level of probability in rotenoid content, plant height and width, leaflet number and size, and flower color. No differences were observed in leaf nitrogen content. A negative correlation was found between mean leaf rotenoid content and mean plant height.
Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) Control and Seedling Emergence as Affected by Tillage, 2,4‐D, and Competitive Crops1
Authors: Wiese A. F. , Rea H. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Bindweed on noncropped areas was controlled in 5 years with 2 annual applications of 2,4‐D or by sweep tillage at 10 and 15 days after weed emergence. On winter wheat land bindweed was controlled with several combinations of sweep tillage and 2,4‐D applications. Emergence of bindweed seedlings from the soil was reduced when application of 2,4‐D was used exclusively for bindweed control.
The Response of Alfalfa Varieties to Photoperiod, Color of Light and Temperature1
Authors: Nittler L. W. , Gibbs G. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seedlings of southern and northern types of alfalfa varied in their response to photoperiod, color of light, and temperature. The greatest difference in growth between these types occurred with short photoperiods, a combination of red and green light, and low temperatures.
Evaluation of Characters in Polycross, Inbred, and Open‐Pollination Progenies of Timothy1
Authors: Nielsen E. L. , Smith D. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Polycross, S0 and S1 progenies selected for superior vigor, leafiness, and resistance to foliage diseases were studied to determine the effectiveness of inbreeding as a breeding technique in a timothy improvement program. The results suggest that for strain improvement, extensive reselection of superior plants from large open‐pollination populations might be equally effective and more economical than would inbreeding and selection during initial stages of the breeding program.
The Lignin Content of Grass Strains1
Authors: Sosulski F. W. , Patterson J. K. , Law A. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Significant differences in lignin content among 22 strains of 4 grass species at the flowering stage of growth are reported. The relative lignin content of strains is influenced by stage of growth, location, proportion of plant parts, and their rates of lignification.
Role of the Male Gametophyte in Dallisgrass Reproduction1
Authors: Wilson J. A. , Holt E. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Pollination is necessary for seed set in common and yellow‐anthered dallisgrass. Although common has a high percentage of aborted pollen, there appears to be enough functional pollen for good seed set. Growth of pollen tubes into the ovule of common and yellow‐anthered dallisgrass is a prerequisite for endosperm formation. Pollination is not essential for embryogenesis in common but is necessary in the yellow‐anthered type.
Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate as Sources of Phosphorus and Calcium for Alfalfa1
Authors: Thurlow D. L. , Smith F. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In a greenhouse experiment, yields were increased by application of lime alone, superphosphate alone, and in some cases by rock phosphate alone. Lime was a better source of Ca for alfalfa than was rock phosphate.
Autotetraploidy and Linkage in Alfalfa— A Study of Resistance to Two Species of Root‐Knot Nematodes1
Authors: Goplen B. P. , Stanford E. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Resistance to two species of root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla and M. javanica javanica) in an alfalfa clone selected from Vernal is controlled by single dominant tetrasomic genes for each species. The genes governing resistance to the two species are different but closely linked. One other Vernal selection shows resistance to both species and a third Vernal selection and one from the California Common strain Hilmar show resistance only to M. hapla. Genetic data are less conclusive for these clones, but inheritance seems to be relatively simple.
Comparison of Ladino and Louisiana White Clovers in Three Grass Sods1
Authors: Craigmiles J. P. , Crowder L. V.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ladino types of white clover were superior to intermediate types in forage production, percent crude protein, and persistency. They also contributed a higher proportion to the grass‐legume mixture. These findings were the same whether the clover was grown alone, with a grass, under irrigation, or without additional water. Only in seed production were the intermediate types superior to the Ladino types.
Combined Effects of Glandless Genes gl2 and gl3 on Pigment Glands in the Cotton Plant
Authors: McMichael Scott C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Two genes, gl2 and gl3, were found responsible for glandlessness (absence of pigment glands) in the cotton plant, Gossypium hirsutum L. A third gene, gl1, is inherited independently and is masked by the action of gl2 and gl3. Glandlessness is recessive in the seedling stage but partially dominant in the mature stage. Glandless cottonseed, previously found associated with absence of gossypol and other pigments, promises to be of economic value to the cottonseed crushing industry.
Modification of Some Physical Characteristics of Soils with VAMA, Ferric Sulfate, and Triphenylsulfonium Chloride1
Authors: Pugh A. L. , Vomocil J. A. , Nielsen T. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Although triphenylsulfonium chloride (TPS‐Cl) produced only small changes in water stable aggregation and hydraulic conductivity, it reduced the modulus of rupture values appreciably on all soils tested. Modulus of rupture values obtained from soils treated with TPS‐Cl were equal to or lower than those obtained from soils treated with ferric sulfate or VAMA.
Yield and Mineral Content of Corn as Affected by Ammonium Chloride Fertilizer1
Authors: Teater R. W. , Mederski H. J. , Volk G. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yield of corn fertilized with NH4Cl was not significantly different from corn fertilized with other common nitrogen carriers. Increased absorption of Cl by plants did not alter the plant content of other mineral elements. Spring‐applied Cl was largely leached from the soil by the following spring.
Influence of Stubble Mulching on Organic Matter and Nitrogen Content of the Soil1
Authors: Norstadt Fred A. , McCalla T. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Increases in readily oxidizable organic matter, carbon, and nitrogen with stubble mulching for 14 and 19 years ranged from 5 to 10% and were concentrated in the surface inch of soil. There were no measurable differences between tillage treatments at depths of 1 to 6 and 6 to 12 inches.
General vs. Specific Combining Ability in Alfalfa for Seedling Vigor and Fall Growth Habit in the Year of Establishment1
Authors: Carnahan H. L. , Hovin A. W. , Graumann H. O. , Kehr W. R. , Davis R. L. , Elling L. J. , Hanson C. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seedling vigor and fall growth habit of the 91 diallel crosses among 14 alfalfa clones were scored in 3 and 4 states, respectively. Estimated, variance components for general (by far the largest component) and specific combining ability and the interaction of these with locations were all highly significant for both characters. Clones differed in their contributions to both additive and nonadditive genetic variances. The two characters were highly correlated (range +0.82 to 0.93), and interlocation correlations for each character were likewise high.
Eugenics in Crops1
Authors: Grafius J. E. , Adams M. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

This paper proposes a method for maximizing the potential of a cross, a hybrid, a synthetic variety, or a recurrent selection program.
Effect of Plant Spacing, Fertility, and Irrigation Managements on Grain Sorghum Production1
Authors: Grimes D. W. , Musick J. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Populations of 100,000 plants per acre produced highest grain yields. Increased row width reduced yields significantly as expressed by the regression Ŷ = 117.11 − 0.72X, where Y is in bushels per acre and ✕ is inches. A significant interaction was found between plant spacing and irrigation water management but not between plant spacing and fertility level. Seasonal moisture use or efficiency was not affected significantly by plant spacing.
The Effect of Soil Sterilants on the Wind Erodibility of Pullman Silty Clay Loam1
Authors: Wiese A. F. , Rea H. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Sterilizing Pullman silty day loam for perennial weed eradication may create a wind erosion hazard for about 2 years. Soil treated with 3‐p‐chlorophenyl‐l,l‐dimethyl urea (monuron) was more susceptible to wind erosion than soil treated with anhydrous borax, a 75% sodium borate plus 25% sodium chlorate mixture, or sodium chlorate. Undisturbed monurontreated soil was more susceptible to wind erosion than monuron soil treatments which were subsequently sweep tilled and planted to sorghum.
Trends of Cold Resistance and Chemical Changes Over Winter in the Roots and Crowns of Alfalfa and Medium Red Clover. II. Changes in Certain Mineral Constituents1
Authors: Jung G. A. , Smith Dale
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The contents of K, P, Mg, and Ca were higher in the crowns than in the roots of both legumes, and generally were higher in red clover tissue. The greatest changes from fall to spring in content of each mineral occurred in the crowns. It was not clearly evident whether certain of the minerals were involved in the hardening process or not.
Determining Crop Yield Probabilities on Several Soil Types in the Great Plains1
Authors: Newhall Franklin , Swanson Dwight W. , Army Thomas J. , Johnson Wendell C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An appropriate statistical distribution for yields of wheat and sorghum at USDA and State stations appears to be a combination of the zeros and a gamma‐distributed, nonzero variable. Using a relatively new method of fitting the gamma distribution, continuous curves of probable yield for predictive purposes are developed for a number of locations.
Effect of Rate and Method of Planting on Several Plant Characters and Yield of Irrigated Corn1
Authors: Colville W. L. , McGill D. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Optimum yields were obtained from 16,000 to 24,000 plants per acre. Yields of drilled corn were superior to both hill dropped and checked methods of planting. Yield increases due to drilled as compared to hilled corn ranged from 22.4 to 9.8 bushels per acre. Hill‐dropped grain yields were intermediate to the other methods. Lodging and broken stalks increased with increased populations.
Theoretical Carbohydrates Requirement for Alfalfa Silage Production1
Authors: Smith Lawrence H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Approximately 0.13% carbohydrate is required for ensilage production, assuming no buffering action. Buffer systems between inorganic ions and organic acids produced by fermentation increase this requirement to 6 or 7%. The availability of these ions is reduced by wilting of the crop.
Growth and Persistence of Several Varieties of Red Clover at Various Temperature and Moisture Levels1
Authors: Kendall W. A. , Stroube W. H. , Taylor N. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The size of red clover plants which grew under laboratory conditions was not directly correlated with persistence of plants of the same variety in the field. The smallest plants obtained in the controlled environment were of the most persistent variety. The varieties did not differ significantly when the plants were subjected to a frequent‐clipping treatment or prolonged incubation in a dark chamber.
Potassium Uptake by Orchardgrass as Affected by Time, Frequency and Rate of Potassium Fertilization1
Authors: Robinson R. R. , Rhykerd C. L. , Gross C. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Fall or spring applications of K fertilizer to orchardgrass resulted in herbage that was high in K in the spring but low in late summer and fall. An annual summer application of K greatly reduced the trend toward luxury consumption in the spring and K starvation in the fall. Calculated K recovery in the herbage plus residual exchangeable soil K accounted for all of the applied K.
Zinc Deficiency and Iron Chlorosis Dependent on the Plant Species and Nutrient‐Element Balance in Tulare Clay
Authors: Brown J. C. , Tiffin L. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Fourteen plant species were grown on Tulare clay: 7 developed zinc deficiency; 2 developed iron deficiency; and 5 had no deficiency. Added phosphate accentuated both zinc and iron deficiencies. Added zinc caused iron deficiency in corn and millet but in no other plants. Nutrient‐element balance is a critical factor in the management of Tulare clay.
Effect of a Rye Winter Cover Crop on Soil Fertility and on the Succeeding Sweet Corn Crop1
Authors: Morgan G. W. , Hanna W. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The growth and N, P and K content of a rye winter cover crop were increased by fertilization. Plowing down the rye, fertilized or not, did not improve the NO3‐N and available P and K level of the soil, nor the yield and N, P, and K content of a succeeding sweet corn crop over soil without rye cover.
Root Production and Accumulation of Root Material on Fertilized Annual Range1
Authors: McKell Cyrus M. , Jones Milton B. , Perrier Eugene R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Root samples were obtained from 7 depth increments of 0 to 24 inches on variously fertilized annual range plots. Production of root material was greatest on N‐fertilized plots. There was no significant accumulation of roots at any particular depth in response to fertilizer.
Comparison of Pelleted Coastal Bermudagrass, and Two Mixed Rations for Animal Gains and Carcass Values1
Authors: Brooks O. L. , Beaty E. R. , McCreery R. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Pelleted Coastal bermudagrass produced rapid steer gains of more than two pounds per day. A concentrate ration produced a similar rate of gain and carcasses with higher finish and dressing percent, and required about the same amount of feed per pound of gain. A third treatment consisting of 1/2 Coastal pellets and 1/2 concentrates produced the fastest gains and a dressing percent comparable to a higher concentrate ration. This treatment required less feed per pound of gain than either of the other two.
Use of 4‐Tert‐Butylpyrocatechol as a Fracturing Aid in Crusting Soils
Authors: Hemwall John B. , Scott Henry H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Between 150 to 250 ppm of the chemical in the seed row are sufficient to induce fracturing in most soils. The actual amount needed is a direct function of the base exchange capacity and CaCO3 content, and an inverse function of the organic matter content of the soil treated.
Saline Irrigation of Several Vegetable Crops at Various Growth Stages. II. Effect on Cation Composition of Crops and Soils1
Authors: Batchelder A. R. , Lunin J. , Gallatin M. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The cation composition of the plant was dependent on the equilibrium composition of the soil solution and the physiological characteristics of each crop, while the stage of growth at which salinization occurred had a lesser effect.
Cotton Growth and Yield as Affected by Taproot Diameter Within a Simulated Restraining Soil Layer1
Authors: Taylor H. M. , Burnett E. , Welch N. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Radial restraint of cotton taproots was studied using plastic clamps to simulate zones of high soil strength. All treatments affected plant vigor and appearance, plant height, stem diameter, and lint cotton yield. A root diameter of about 0.65 centimeter was necessary to bring plants to full maturity.
Response of Some Barley Varieties to Hardening and Freezing During Sprouting1
Authors: Evans K. H. , McGill D. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Freezing sprouted barley seed after a hardening period gave survival scores similar to those obtained in field trials.
Availability of Nitrogen Contained in Certain Condensation Products of Reaction of Urea with Formaldehyde1
Authors: Long F. Leslie , Volk G. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrogen uptake distribution from sources containing up to 62% of the N as water‐insoluble from ureaform was not appreciably improved over watersoluble sources of N. More favorable N uptake distribution was obtained when the water‐insoluble N was used alone, especially a product made with U/F mole ratio of 1.50, when applied at 1,000 pounds N per acre. Total yield was approximately doubled and total N recovery tripled as compared to a 100‐pound application of soluble N.
Reactions of Seven Alfalfa Varieties Under Simulated Moisture Stresses in the Seedling Stage1
Authors: Younis M. A. , Stickler F. C. , Sorensen E. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ability to germinate under moisture tension was not related to ability to harden under tension. Significant differences among varieties in uptake of N, P, and K under moisture stress were noted, but they were not related to relative hardiness. Evidence of correlation of relative hardiness in embryo, seedling, and youngplant stages of development was found. Gibberellic acid stimulated seedling growth more at higher than at lower moisture tensions.
Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer on the Economics of Producing Bluegrass Forage1
Authors: Walker William M. , Pesek John , Heady Earl O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Responses of a native bluegrass sod to topdressed applications of N, P and K fertilizer rates varying jointly were used to fit a forage yield equation and to calculate iso‐yield curves and least cost fertilizer ratios. It was then shown how these data and equations may be used in determining levels of fertilizer for optimum beef production and estimating the price of beef needed to justify fertilization of this type of sod.
Digestibility of Fall Grown Kentucky 31 Fescue
Authors: Brown R. H. , Blaser R. E. , Fontenot J. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dry matter digestibility did not decrease with advancing age of the plants in the fall of 1960 and 1961; in 1960, there was a significant increase with age. Protein content and apparent digestibility of protein decreased as fescue aged in both years. The reverse was true for the N. F. E. fraction. Digestibility of crude fiber and cellulose decreased with age in 1960 but was unaffected by age of grass in 1961.
A Collaborative Study of the Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) Method for Rating Agricultural Limestones. I. Reproductibility of Ratings and Correlations with Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Materials1
Authors: Hunter Albert S. , Kinney Harlin , Whittaker Colin W. , Axley J. H. , Peech Michael , Steckel Joseph E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The reactivities of 39 liming materials as rated by 12 laboratories indicate that the EDTA procedure holds considerable promise as a means of obtaining a simple numerical rating of limestone reactivity.
Assessing the Utility of Pan Evaporation for Controlling Irrigation of Sugar Cane in Hawaii1
Authors: Robinson F. E. , Campbell R. B. , Chang Jen‐hu
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The timing of irrigation applications was determined with reference to the net evaporation from a U.S. Weather Bureau pan. Maximum sugar yields were obtained when 2.5 inches of irrigation water were applied after 2.9 inches had evaporated from the pan. When adjusted to a constant population, the differences in yields of 6 irrigation‐interval treatments reflected differences in stalk length. Decrease in stalk length resulted from soil moisture tensions which exceeded 2 bars.
Teaching the Application of Agronomic Principles in Turfgrass Management
Authors: Roberts Eliot C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Special topics courses in turfgrass management emphasize relationships between principles of soil and plant science and practical construction and maintenance problems. Placement training experiences and exercises conducted on a ‘pseudo’ golf course provide problems for study and analysis.
Some Observations on the Contribution of an Inch of Seeding‐Time Soil Moisture to Wheat Yield in the Great Plains1
Authors: Johnson Wendell C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The average contribution to yield of an inch increment of stored moisture was estimated at 2.44 and 2.74 bushels per acre for spring and winter wheat, respectively. Allowing for side effects of management practice other than soil moisture reduced the estimate for early‐plowed continuous spring wheat and fallowed spring wheat to 1.40 and 1.48 bushels per acre, respectively. The corresponding estimates for winter wheat were 2.48 and 1.99 bushels per acre.
Salt Tolerance of Safflower1
Authors: Francois L. E. , Bernstein Leon
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of safflower grown in artificially salini/ed plots were reduced by 10% at 7 millimhos per centimeter (ECe) and by 20 to 25% at 11 millimhos per centimeter (ECe). Salt tolerance during germination is only half that at later stages of growth.
Influence of Management Practices on Seed‐Set, Seed Yield, Seed Weight, Germination, and Insects of Black Gramagrass, Bouteloua eriopoda (Torr.) Torr.1
Authors: Wright Neal
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Results of the studies suggested the desirability of combining treatments for highest seed yield. Growth should be initiated on August 1 with 100 pounds per acre of nitrogen fertilizer applied to obtain highest seed‐set, germination percent, and seed weight.
Technique for Rapid Analyses of Corn Leaves for Eleven Elements1
Authors: Baker Dale E. , Gorsline G. W. , Smith C. B. , Thomas W. I. , Grube W. E. , Ragland J. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An investigation was conducted to develop methods for an over‐all analytical technique of corn leaf analysis. Samples were analyzed by use of a spectrometer for Sr, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, B, Al, Fe, and Zn. Computing equipment was used to speed and facilitate data conversion. Procedures for sampling, leaf washing, drying, grinding, mixing, ashing, and analysis were studied and modified, where necessary, to increase precision and accuracy with respect to all elements.
Modification of Alfalfa Root System by Severing the Tap Root1
Authors: Klebesadel L. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Severing 12‐week old Vernal alfalfa tap roots 5½ inches below the soil surface resulted in a significant increase in the number and total dry weight of lateral roots over 1 mm. in diameter on the upper 4 inches of tap root as counted when plants were 18 weeks old. Severing the tap root had no effect on dry weight of topgrowth or upper tap root nor on diameter of tap root. The significance of these results to studies of frost heaving of plants is discussed.
Effect of Seeding Rate and Row Width on Yield and on Components of Yield in Winter Barley1
Authors: Middleton G. K. , Hebert T. T. , Murphy C. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

When planted under near optimum conditions at rates varying from 3 pecks to 6 bushels per acre, 3 varieties of barley showed no significant difference in yield. Decreasing the seeding rate decreased the number of fertile heads per unit area but increased the number of seed per head. The influence on weight of individual seed and weight per bushel were less marked.
Water Losses From Soil and Rubidium Uptake by Adventitious Roots of Sunflower as Related to the Water Content of Soil1
Authors: Stevenson D. S. , Boersma L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Water losses were closely related to the amount of root growth, which in turn was increased almost linearly by increased water contents. Rubidium uptake was not consistently affected by the initial water contents to which the roots were exposed, nor was it related to the amount of root growth. There was some evidence that the uptake of the rubidium may be linked to the active transport of water from the roots to the plants.
Influence of Topping and Side Pruning on Cotton Yield and Other Characteristics1
Authors: Bennett O. L. , Ashley D. A. , Doss B. D. , Scarsbrook C. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields were increased and plant lodging was almost eliminated by topping or by using a combination of topping and pruning of side branches of cotton plants. Boll rot was reduced by altering plant geometry. The lint percentage, fiber length, and micronaire were increased by topping plants at 48 inches.
Performance of Tillage Implements in a Stubble Mulch System: III. Effects of Tillage Sequences on Residues, Soil Cloddiness, Weed Control, and Wheat Yield1
Authors: Fenster C. R. , Woodruff N. P. , Chepil W. S. , Siddoway F. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The amount and height of crop residue influenced the effectiveness of tillage sequences to conserve residue on the soil surface. Tillage sequences produced no noticeable effect on soil cloddiness at the end of season. Better weed control was obtained with tillage sequences including one one‐way disking. Tillage sequences seem to influence wheat yields more in dry years than wet years.
Foliar, Floral, and Root Absorption of Sr90 by Crops1
Authors: Evans E. J. , Dekker A. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In a field experiment carried out to determine the relative Sr90 content of wheat, oats, alfalfa, and timothy grown in the open compared with that of the same crops grown under clear plastic tents, absorption of Sr90 for the uncovered crops exceeded that of the covered for all crops. The Sr90 content of flour and bran milled from wheat grown in the open was considerably greater than that of the same fractions milled from wheat which was covered at the flowering stage. However, the ratios of Sr90 in the flour to that in the bran were similar in the two situations.
Influence of Anions on the Uptake of Calcium and Magnesium by Plants and on Calcium and Magnesium Movement in Soils1
Authors: Gillingham J. T. , Page N. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The influence of Cl, NO3, SO4, and PO4 on the uptake of Ca and Mg by sunflowers were studied under greenhouse conditions. Calcium uptake was increased only by Cl and NO3. Magnesium uptake was increased by all anions except Cl. In a lysimeter experiment, the vertical movement of Ca and Mg through the profile and into the leachate by the various anions was in the order of their solubility: NO3 > Cl > SO4 > PO4.
Longevity of Soil Reaction Effects Following Lime and Alum Additions1
Authors: Hutcheson T. B. , Freeman J. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Effects of lime and aluminum sulfate on pH were quite pronounced 6 weeks after application, but had diminished in 12 months and changed little during an additional 24‐month period. Three years after applications, little effect was evident on pH, exchangeable acidity, Al, Ca, or Mg below 8 inches. Exchangeable Al levels were less than 1/100th of those actually applied, indicating that hydrolysis and precipitation of Al as some species of aluminum hydroxide had occurred.
Effects of Subsoiling and Deep Placement of Fertilizer on a Coastal Plain Soil and Vegetables1
Authors: Brill G. D. , Alderfer R. B. , Hanna W. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Subsoiling to 18 inches with and without deep placement of lime, phosphorus, and potassium on a Collington sandy loam soil did not produce significant yield increases of cabbage, tomatoes, and sweet corn over a 7‐year period even in dry years. Residual effects of subsoiling significantly increased water movement into this soil 3 years after the last deep tillage operation.
Use of In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Techniques for Estimating Forage Digestibility and Intake1
Authors: Barnes R. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Realistic estimates of digestibility can be obtained by in vitro techniques where forages are compared relative to each other in the same trial, however, a standard method remains to be established before reliable comparisons of in vitro results can be made between laboratories. The estimation of voluntary intake per se does not appear possible, but the prediction of the digestible energy potential of a forage, defined as the product of energy intake and energy digestibility, has shown considerable promise.