bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Middle Ordovician Aparchitidae and Schmidtellidae: the significance of ‘featureless’ ostracods
Authors: Williams Mark , Vannier Jean M. C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Schmidtellidae and Aparchitidae form a common element of North American middle Ordovician ostracod faunas. Characterized by relatively simple morphology with few obvious diagnostic features they are conventionally assigned to the Leiocopa. Their simple morphology has led to numerous species being referred to as ‘bag gencra’ such as Aparchites or Schmidtella. Aparchitids differ markedly from schmidtellids in the nature and degree of valve overlap, shell thickness and development of dorsal and ventral valve modifications. Schmidtellids may be more closely related to leperditellaceans. Kayina, previously assigned to the leiocope Family Jaanussoniidae and recorded from the middle Ordovician of North America, does not conform to leiocope morphology and is probably a leperditellacean. Aparchitaceans (Aparchitidae and Jaanussoniidae) may represent the root-stock from which the Paraparchitacea evolved later in the Palaeozoic. In North America schmidtellids and aparchitids have potential for middle Ordovician stratigraphic correlation. They co-occur in normal marine shelf depositional environments but were absent from marginal marine depositional settings.
Preliminary observations on living Krithe praetexta praetexta (Sars, 1866), Sarsicytheridea bradii (Norman, 1865) and other marine ostracods in aquaria
Authors: Majoran Stefan , Agrenius Stefan
Published: July 2010

Abstract. More than fifty years ago, Elofson (1941) showed that it is fully possible to maintain living cultures of marine ostracods in aquaria. He concentrated particularly on determining the generation length of several species. In this study, we provide some preliminary observations on the mode of life and morphological variations of marine ostracods kept in aquaria. They derive from a water depth of 40m in the Gullmar Fjord (58°17′N and 11°29′E), west coast of Sweden. The dominant species are Krithe praetexta praetexta (Sars, 1866) and Sarsicytheridea bradii (Norman, 1865). Other species housed in the aquaria are: Jonesia acuminata (Norman, 1865), Palmoconcha guttata (Norman, 1865), Palmoconcha laevata (Norman, 1865), Cytheropteron latissimum (Norman, 1865), Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird, 1850), Acanthocythereis dunelmensis (Norman, 1865), Robertsonites tuberculatus (Sars, 1866), Elofsonella concinna (Jones, 1857) and Argilloecia conoidea (Sars, 1923).MATERIAL AND METHODSThe study was carried out at the Kristineberg Marine Research Station, west coast of Sweden, from July of 1992 to June of 1994. Sediment from a depth of 40 m in the Gullmar Fjord was sieved to remove the macrofauna and frozen, then thawed to constitute a 10–20 mm thick sediment layer in two 501 aquaria. The sediment consisted of 8 % sand (>63 μm), 44 % silt (>3.9 μm) and 49 % clay (<3.9 μm), and with a water content of 71 % ± 5% (σ = 2.4). Ostracods from the ≥250 μm sieve fraction of the dredge sample (from a depth of 40 m) were added to the aquaria. They were kept. . .
Precise chitinozoan dating of Ordovician impact events in Baltoscandia
Authors: Grahn Yngve , Nõlvak Jaak , Paris Florentin
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The chitinozoan biostratigraphy of four Ordovician impact craters has been investigated. Three of these (Tvären, Kärdla and Lockne) contain complete sequences of early Caradoc age, while the Granby crater contains rocks of late Arenig age yielding two bentonitic horizons at their top. Chitinozoans, together with graptolites and other planktic organisms, were the first to invade the craters after the impact event. It has therefore been possible to date the impact events with a precision of less than one million years. An immigration of graptolites from Australia during the late Arenig corresponds to an immigration of chitinozoans from Gondwana at this time. Two stratigraphically important taxa, not previously described or discussed, Lagenochitina sp. A aff. capax and Laufeldochitina sp. A aff. striata are commented upon. Three species. Cyathochitina hunderumensis, Spinachitina tvaerenensis and Tartuchitina granbyensis, are described as new.
Novel epifluorescence microscopy method to determine life position of foraminifera in sediments
Authors: Bernhard Joan M. , Bowser Samuel S.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Microscopic examination of resin-embedded sedimenl cores has provided information regarding the sedimentary fabric in certain environments (e.g. Watling, 1988) as well as the in situ associations of rose Bengal-stained infaunal foraminifera (e.g. Frankel, 1970, 1974). Unfortunately, difficulties connected with making and examining these resin-embedded cores have limited their widespread use in studying meioinfauna. In particular, sediment grains may obscure specimens when viewed by transmitted light microscopy. Also, using rose Bengal to identify live foraminifera can be problematic (Bernhard, 1988). Furthermore, fine-grained deposits are difficult to infiltrate with highly viscous embedding media (e.g. Epon 812 ≥ 100 centipoise). and may require a vacuum apparatus for proper infiltration (Watling, 1988).Fluorescent probes were recently used to distinguish live from dead foraminifera (Bernhard et al., 1995). Here we report a novel method using an aldehyde-fixable fluorescent probe (Cell Tracker™ Green CMFDA) which, when viewed by epifluorescence microscopy, greatly enhances the visibility of biological material alive at the time of fixation. Cell Tracker™ Green CMFDA is a membrane-permeant chloromethyl derivative of fluorescein diacetate that is hydrolyzed by cellular esterases to yield a membrane-impermeant, fluorescent intermediate which further undergoes a reaction with glutathione to form an aldehyde-fixable end-product (Haugland, 1992). We also used low viscosity embedding media (i.e. 20–60 centipoise) to facilitate infiltration. The method is applied to the study of live foraminifera in a sediment core.PROCEDUREA c. 1.5 cm diameter subcorer (fashioned from a 10 ml syringe by removing the tip end, creating a cylinder into which two syringe plungers were inserted) was used to . . .
Holothurian sclerites from the Triassic of Jordan and their stratigraphic importance
Authors: Sadeddin Walid
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Holothurian selerites are some of the most stratigraphically important microfossils of the middle Triassic of Jordan. Stratigraphically and palaeogeographically important faunas have been obtained by dissolving Triassic carbonate rocks with a dilute acetic acid. The oldest forms, Acanthotheelia jordanica Sadeddin, Priscopedatus quadratus Kozur & Mostler, and Tetravirga perforata Mostler, occur in the Hisban Formation (Anisian) in the area of the northeast corner of the Dead Sea and Wadi Abu Oneiz. North of this area in Wadi Salit, Ladinian holothurian faunas are especially characterized by the mass occurrence of Schizotheelia jordanica and Schizotheelia multiporata Kozur & Sadeddin in the lower part of the section (Fassanian) and Theelia tubercula Kristan-Tollmann in the upper part (Longobardian). In spite of some differences, the Jordanian Middle Triassic holothurian faunas are similar to those from the Northern Alps and Germanic Basin, and the Himalayas. As yet, no holothurian selerites have been recovered from Jordanian Lower or Upper Triassic deposits.
A review and classification of fossil didemnid ascidian spicules
Authors: Varol Osman , Houghton Simon D.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. This study discusses and classifies fossil didemnid ascidian spicules. Three new fossil genera and nine new fossil species are described based on spicule morphology. The genera are Bonetia gen. nov., Rigaudia gen. nov. and Monniotia gen. nov. The species are Bonetia acuta sp. nov., B. brevis sp. nov., B. quasitruncata sp. nov., B. truncata sp. nov., Rigaudia multiradiata sp. nov., R. praecisa sp. nov., Micrascidites pauciradiatus sp. nov., Monniotia acuformis sp. nov., and M. fasciculata sp. nov. Recognizing these distinctive fossil didemnid spicules in fine-grained sediments should provide useful palaeoenvironmental information and may stimulate interest in their biostratigraphy.
Variation in the adductor muscle-scar rosette of Darwinula cicatricosa Wakefield, 1994 (Ostracoda, Crustacea), and comparison with other species of Darwinula
Authors: Wakefield Matthew I.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Variation in the morphology of the adductor muscle-scar pattern of Darwinula cicatricosa Wakefield, 1994 is demonstrated, and is shown to affect specific segments within the essentially rosette-shaped scar. Potential subdivisions of individual segments can be identified in fossil specimens as ‘scar-sutures’. All fossil and Recent species of Darwinula studied are shown to have different patterns to their adductor muscle-scar rosette. These differences can be used as an aid in species identification, particularly of fossil species, in which the muscle-scars are the best indicator of soft part morphology.
The evolutionary significance of scale-like spines on the Australian and SW Pacific Cainozoic ostracods Ponticocythereis manis Whatley & Titterton, 1981 and Trachyleberis floridus sp. nov
Authors: Warne M. T. , Whatley R. C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Ponticocythereis species are a discrete phylogenetic group within the Trachyleberididae that evolved in the SW Pacific and Australasian regions during the Tertiary. The presence of similar scale-like spines on the unrelated species Ponticocythereis manis Whatley & Titterton, 1981 and Trachyleberis floridus sp. nov. is presented as an example of convergent evolution.
The genera Muellerina Bassiouni, 1965 and Thaerocythere Hazel, 1967 from the Neogene of Northwest Europe
Authors: Wood A. M. , Whatley R. C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Twenty one species of the genera Muellerina and Thaerocythere are considered. Of these, 11 species, including the type species of both genera, have been described previously. Two species are left in open nomenclature due to inadequate numbers but eight are described as new. These species are: Muellerina latimarginata (Speyer, 1863), M. abyssicola (Sars, 1866), M. lacunosa (Jones, 1857), M. praeabyssicola Uffenorde, 1981, M. parvipunctata Uffenorde, 1981, Thaerocythere crenulata (Sars, 1866), T. hoptonensis (Brady, Crosskey & Robertson, 1874), T. mayburyae Cronin, 1991, T. oedichilus (Brady, 1878), T. trachypora (Jones, 1857), T. trapezia (Brady, 1878), and the new species M. dolabrata, M. metabyssicola, M. orygyma, M. pliocenica, T. biformis, T. praecrenulata, T. vermiculata, T. woutersi and T. wittei. The phyletic relationships of these northwestern European species are considered.
The First Appearance Datum (FAD) of Heterosphaeridium difficile (Manum & Cookson), dinoflagellata, in clastic deposits offshore Norway
Authors: Bell D. G. , Selnes H.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. INTRODUCTIONThick sequences of clastic deposits of Late Cretaceous age (1000–1500 m) are present offshore mid and north Norway. Dinoflagellate assemblages from these deposits have arctic affinities and are dominated by species of Chatangiella, Trithyrodinium and Isabelidinium. The First Appearance Datum (FAD) of Heterosphaeridium difficile is an important correlation point within this sequence and is equated with a Turonian age in most current zonal schemes. Our observations on the relative ranges of H. difficile, members of the Endoceratium dettmanniae–E. ludbrookiae plexus and other key index species in well materials offshore mid and north Norway are not consistent with ranges documented from European stratotypes and suggest a Cenomanian age for the correlation point. This note is intended as a basis for discussion pending a more detailed account of these deposits.OBSERVATIONSThree released offshore wells with good control from sidewall and core samples were selected for study. All of the well sections produced rich typical middle Cretaceous dinocyst assemblages with common H. difficile. At some levels typical forms of H. difficile with discrete processes intergrade with morphotypes having shorter, wider, coalescing processes, probably related to species in the Cyclonephelium membraniphorum complex. As recognized here, H. difficile is restricted to forms similar to the holotype, with discrete processes. Species of Endoceratium are present consistently in the lower part of the H. difficile range zone. There is gradation between forms close to E. dettmanniae and E. ludbrookiae to reticulate forms similar to E. lurneri.Well 35/3–5 is located about 190 km . . .
Ozarkodina remscheidensis plexus conodonts from the upper Ludlow (Silurian) of the Welsh Borderland and Wales
Authors: Miller C. Giles , Aldridge Richard J.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Three subspecies of the conodont Ozarkodina remscheidensis Ziegler, 1960, are described from the late Ludlow (Silurian) of the Welsh Borderland and Wales, including a new subspecies O. r. baccata. Four discrete element types which occur in association are also described and interpreted as possible members of the Ozarkodina remscheidensis apparatus.
Aspects of the Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Northern Sulaiman Ranges, Pakistan
Authors: Jones R. W.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The results of micropalaeontological, nannopalaeontological and palynological analyses of Cenozoic sections from the Northern Sulaiman Ranges in Pakistan are discussed. They are in keeping with previously published results (though in some cases significantly more refined). They enable placement of most of the sampled lithostratigraphic units in a global bio- and sequence-stratigraphic framework. Limestones appear to be associated with essentially transgressive global sequences, shales with essentially regressive sequences. Palaeoenvironmental interpretations indicate a range of depositional settings from continental through shallow marine to basinal. A number of shallow marine carbonate platform sub-environments are recognized over the Palaeocene–Eocene section
Revision of the Gault foraminifera from the Hollis and Neaverson Collection (1921)
Authors: Herrero C. , Haynes J. R.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. In 1921, Hollis and Neaverson listed 135 species and varieties of foraminifera from the Gault Phosphatic Nodule Bed at Ford, Buckinghamshire, England. The material has been re-examined, the list is brought up to date and the species are figured. The Collection has yielded a diverse and well preserved foraminiferal fauna of 90 species. Nodosariacea are the dominant group, though Ataxophragmiacea, Hedbergellacea and Miliolacea are abundant. The recorded assemblages allow us to date the Phosphatic Nodule Bed at Ford as belonging to the uppermost Euhoplites lautus Zone to lower part of Mortoniceras inflatum Zone within the Albian standard ammonite zonation.
The miospore genus Fragilipollenites Konyali emend, from the Silesian of Great Britain
Authors: Mclean Duncan
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The miospore genus Fragilipollenites Konyali in Agrali et al., 1965 is emended. The type species F. radiatus Konyali in Agrali el al., 1965 is also emended and a new species F. ganymedeii is described. The two species have a distinctive morphography which appears to be unique. The genus has been recorded sporadically from the Namurian and, more commonly, from the early Langsettian (Silesian) of on- and offshore Great Britain.
An Ipswichian foraminiferal assemblage from the Gwent Levels (Severn Estuary, UK)
Authors: Haslett Simon K.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Andrews et al. (1984) documented the occurrence of palaeo-beach deposits underlying Holocene alluvium at Llanwern, inland on the Caldicot (Gwent) Levels near Newport. These deposits at Llanwern (ST360872) lie at −3.6 to −4 m OD and were studied by Andrews et al. (1984) from borehole samples only. The sediments comprised sands and gravels with abundant intertidal and rocky shore molluscs suggesting a beach depositional setting, close to an intertidal lagoon. Locke (1971) also noted the widespread occurrence of coarse basal sands and gravels underlying the Holocene deposits of the Caldicot Levels and interpreted them as an ancient beach. Radiocarbon dates obtained from mollusc specimens yield a date of 25 450 ± 750 BP, indicating a pre-Holocene age. Amino acid racemization (AAR) studies assign these deposits to AAR Group II, oxygen isotope substage 5e, c. 120 000–130 000 BP (Andrews et al., 1984), equivalent to the Ipswichian interglacial of Great Britain.In the spring of 1991, a coarse yellow sand unit was found exposed low within the intertidal zone (c. −4–6 m OD) on the foreshore at Goldcliff, Gwent (ST374828). The unit occurs stratigraphically lower than the Holocene deposits, which at Goldcliff comprise blue/grey clay and peat of the Wentlooge Formation, deposited under brackish–freshwater conditions (Allen & Rae, 1987). This represents a similar stratigraphic succession to that observed at Llanwern by Andrews et al. (1984) some 4 km inland, and given Locke’s (1971) remarks, the probability is that the coarse yellow sand exposed at Goldcliff is a seaward . . .
Infra-sample, inter-sample and down-core microvariation in sea-surface temperature estimates obtained from planktonic foraminifera in the NE Atlantic
Authors: Funnell Brian M. , Swallow Jane E.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Quantitative investigation of populations of planktonic foraminifera in core-top and down-core (top 10 cm) samples from 14 sites in the NE Atlantic, between 19° to 52°N and 11° to 30°W, have revealed no intra-sample, inter-sample or down-core variability beyond that to be expected on counts of 300 specimens (2 standard deviations, 95% confidence interval). Application of F20 transfer function analysis shows that estimates of sea-surface temperature, based on these counts, fall within a range of ±1.9°C (precision). However, when these estimates are compared with ‘actual’ temperatures within the 1° latitude/longitude squares containing the sites, the estimate errors range as high as ±3.6°C (accuracy). These results indicate there is a continuing need to improve methods for estimating proxy temperatures from planktonic foraminifera, in order to match the requirements of numerical modellers of past climates.
Cambrian Bradoriida and Phosphatocopida (Arthropoda) of the former Soviet Union
Authors: Melnikova Ludmila M. , Siveter David J. , Williams Mark
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Some 40 bradoriid and phosphatocopid (Arthropoda) species are known from the Cambrian of the former Soviet Union. The faunas occur chiefly in Asia (mostly Siberia and Kazakhstan; also Kirghizia); west of the Urals bradoriid and phosphatocopid faunas are sparse, occurring in the Leningrad region, Belarus and Estonia. Most specimens are recovered as crack-out material from clastic and impure carbonate rocks; acid resistant valves from limestones are a minor component of the known faunas.Early Cambrian (Atdabanian-Botomian) faunas are widespread; middle and late Cambrian faunas are scarcer and are known largely from Siberia and Kazakhstan. Though many species are seemingly short-ranging, currently most have only local biostratigraphic significance, with only a few having practical international correlative value.Palaeogeographically, faunas west of the Urals show affinites with those of the Early Palaeozoic Baltica and Avalonia palaeocontinents (Olenellid trilobite realm). Siberian and central Asian (Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Gorny–Altay–Mongolian belt) faunas show clear affinities with those of palaeocontinental South China and eastern Gondwana (Redlichiid trilobite realm).
The depth distribution of Ostracoda from the Greenland Sea
Authors: Whatley Robin , Eynon Michael , Moguilevsky Alicia
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Sixteen box core samples of Recent sediment collected in three transects across the East Greenland shelf and slope were analysed for Ostracoda. The samples which range in depth from 274 m to 3355 m, yielded a total of 52 species belonging to 25 genera. No less than 26 of the species also occur in the adjacent Scoresby Sund fjord complex. The fauna represents an interesting mixture of high latitude shallow water Arctic species and others known from bathyal and abyssal depths in the North Atlantic, including some pandemic deep sea species. Many species occur in shallower water here than in the North Atlantic due to the colder water. The fauna comprised of three associations (Shelf/Upper Slope; Slope: Lower Slope/Abyss). A marked faunal turnover occurs at the Upper Slope. The study raises questions concerning the constancy and universality of the relationship between certain ostracod species and water masses.
Late Miocene calcareous nannofossil genus Catinaster: taxonomy, evolution and magnetobiochronology
Authors: Peleo-Alampay Alyssa , Bukry David , Liu Li , Young Jeremy R.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A systematic study on the evolution and stratigraphic distribution of the species of Catinaster from several DSDP/ODP sites with magnetostratigraphic records is presented. The evolution of Catinaster from Discoaster is established by documentation of a transitional nannofossil species, Discoaster transitus. Two new subspecies, Catinaster coalitus extensus and Catinaster calyculus rectus are defined which appear to be intermediates in the evolution of Catinaster coalitus coalitus to Catinaster calyculus calyculus. The first occurrence of C. coalitus is shown to be in the lower part of C5n.2n at 10.7–10.9 Ma in the low to mid–latitude Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The last occurrence of C. coalitus coalitus varies from the upper part of C5n.2n to the lower portion of C4A. Magnetobiostratigraphic evidence suggests that the FO of C. calyculus rectus is diachronous. Catinaster mexicanus occurs in the late Miocene and has been found only in the eastern equatorial Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
Fossil glochidia (Bivalvia, Unionidae): identification and value in palaeoenvironmental reconstructions
Authors: Aldridge David C. , Horne David C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Preserved valves of fossil glochidia have been recovered from Holocene lake marls at Quidenham Mere, UK. Detailed morphological comparisons with glochidia removed from live adult unionids have enabled confident identification of the fossil glochidia as those of Anodonta anatina. Fossil glochidia are potentially powerful tools in the interpretation of palaeoenvironments. Different species of freshwater mussels are known to release glochidia at different times of the year and, therefore, the occurrence of fossil glochidia can provide information on the season during which sediments accumulated. Furthermore, glochidia can provide information on the presence of certain fish species and on water depth.
Revision of the late Famennian miospore zonation scheme in eastern Belgium
Authors: Maziane Nadia , Higgs Kenneth T. , Streel Maurice
Published: July 2010

Abstract. New palynological data have been obtained from the Late Famennian Evieux and Comblain au Pont Formations of the Chanxhe section located in the Ourthe Valley in the eastern part of the Dinant Basin. In the light of this new data the stratigraphic ranges of several zonally important miospore taxa are now significantly different to those previously recorded. This has necessitated a re-evaluation and revision of the late Famennian miospore zonation scheme for this region. Apiculiretusispora verrucosa and Vallatisporites hystricosus are now found to occur below the inception of Retispora lepidophyta. Consequently, a new biozone, the Apiculiretusispora verrucosa–Vallatisporites hystricosus VH Biozone is described for the late Fa2c interval. The problematical relationship between the Retispora lepidophyta– Apiculiretusispora verrucosa LV Biozone and the Retispora lepidophyta–Knoxisporites literatus LL Biozone is resolved, and part of the LL Biozone is now considered equivalent to the LV Biozone, which it consequently replaces. The Retispora lepidophyta–Indotriradites explanatus LE Biozone is recorded from the upper part of the Comblain au Pont Formation. A continuous succession of miospore zones is now established for the late Famennian Fa2c/Fa2d interval which permits more accurate correlations with other regions in Europe and North America. Correlation with the standard conodont biostratigraphy shows that the base of LL Miospore Biozone is correlated with the middle or late expansa Conodont Biozone and the base of LE Miospore Biozone with the early to middle praesulcata Conodont Biozone.
Fissurina as an ectoparasite
Authors: Collen J. D. , Newell P.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. For such a large and ecologically diverse group of organisms, foraminifera have produced remarkably few examples of parasites. They have, however, been recorded as ectoparasites on other foraminifera (Le Calvez, 1947; Haynes, 1981) and on bivalve molluscs (Todd, 1965; Alexander and Delaca, 1987). With respect to foraminiferal hosts, Le Calvez (1947) described Entosolenia ( = Fissurina) marginata as an ectoparasite that fed on granules from the pseudopodial reticulum of Discorbis villardeboanus. He observed specimens of F. marginata positioning themselves over the aperture of Discorbis, either moving there on their own or being carried along by the host’s pseudopodia, and remaining until leaving to undertake vegetative reproduction. After secretion of their tests, the new gamonts returned onto Discorbis. From his studies of mixed cultures, Le Calvez considered Fissurina marginata to be restricted to this single host and to die in its absence. It is thus apparently an obligate parasite with high host specificity.Haynes (1981), apparently from unpublished data, considered both Fissurina and Lagena to be ectoparasitic on other foraminifera, with their tests and apertural regions evolved for parasitic feeding. However, to the best of our knowledge, the observations outlined above have not been repeated and there are few recent reports of an ectoparasitic lifestyle for Fissurina (see Haward & Haynes, 1976).Specimens of Fissurina spp. are not uncommon in Fijian sediments. During the study of a sample of recent sediment collected from Bligh Water off Viti Levu, Fiji, a specimen of Fissurina, here referred to F. submarginata (Boomgart), was found . . .
Marginal marine agglutinated foraminifera: affinities for mineral phases
Authors: Allen Kathryn , Roberts Stephen , Murray John W.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The major agglutinated constituents in test material of marginal marine foraminifera are identified as α-quartz and clay particles using complementary spectroscopic techniques. Electron dispersive scattering analysis, micro-laser Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques revealed detail about elemental and mineral polymorph constituents in test walls. Additionally, FTIR identifies the existence of organic cements and lining materials in wall structures. Micro-laser Raman specifically characterized the titanium oxide mineral, anatase, as a distinctive fraction of agglutinate in Ammobaculites balkwilli Haynes. The mineral represents ≈10% of the test material, but comprises a minor component of the sediment and is identified in sediments only after heavy mineral separation. The enhanced concentration of anatase in the test of A. balkwilli suggests that there is a preferential selection for anatase. This provides further evidence that certain foraminifera can select grains specifically, which implies that there exists a selective mechanism and interaction between the organic (secreted) phases in the test walls and inorganic (grain surface) materials.
Some species of the genus Neocyprideis in the early Tertiary of Pakistan
Authors: Siddiqui Qadeer A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Four species of the genus Neocyprideis described in this paper are an addition to the ostracod fauna from the early Tertiary of Pakistan. N. sp. A occurs in the Upper Palaeocene of the Sor Range, and three new species are found in the Eocene of the Sulaiman Range. The new species are Neocyprideis simplex and N. regularis from the upper Lower Eocene, and N. formosa from the uppermost Eocene. The first two species, the associated ostracod fauna and the lithology suggest a shallow marine shelf environment with evaporitic conditions, while N. formosa lived in an open marine shelf environment. The short vertical ranges of these three new species makes them useful stratigraphic markers in this area.
Conodont micropalaeontology of mid-Ordovician aged limestone clasts from Lower Old Red Sandstone conglomerates, Lanark and Strathmore basins, Midland Valley, Scotland
Authors: Armstrong H. A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Mid-Ordovician limestone clasts in the Lower Old Red Sandstone conglomerates of the Lanark and Strathmore basins of the Midland Valley, Scotland, were derived from a cryptic carbonate platform, now hidden beneath the Southern Uplands Allochthon. These have yielded 17 multi-element species of conodonts, which are systematically described herein and include the eponymous biozonal species Pygodus serra and Pygodus anserinus. The fauna represents an outer shelf-ocean margin biofacies, found only in Upper Ordovician conglomerates in the Southern Uplands and the Malopolska Terrane, Poland.
Note on the preservational nature of ornamentation in sphaeromorphs assignable to Tapajonites Sommer & van Boekel, 1963 (Prasinophyta?)
Authors: Turnau Elz̀bieta
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Assemblages of Middle Devonian (Givetian) phytoplankton from the Holy Cross Mountains include sphaeromorphs possessing blister-like ornamentation typical of the genus Tapajonites Sommer & van Boekel, 1963. Study of the sculptural elements under high magnification indicates the presence of patterns resembling impressions of pyrite crystals. It is suggested that ornamentation in Tapajonites, or at least in some sphaeromorphs assignable to that genus, is of a secondary nature.
Kinnekullea comma (Jones, 1879), a trans-Iapetus ostracod locum for the late Ordovician Dicellograptus anceps graptolite Biozone
Authors: Williams M. , Floyd J. D. , Miller C. G. , Siveter D. J. , Stone P.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The ostracod Kinnekullea comma occurs in the upper part of the Cautley Mudstone Formation (Ashgill Series) in the Cautley district of northern England, thus geographically extending the stratigraphical value of K. comma as a locum for the Dicellograptus anceps graptolite Biozone in Ordovician shelly marine facies of Britain and Ireland. Its occurrence, in Scotland and England, confirms it as one of the earliest trans-Iapetus Ocean ostracod species.
Ecology and distribution of ostracods in Kuwait Bay
Authors: Al-Abdul-Razzaq S. , Shublaq W. , Al-Sheikh Z. , Kittaneh W.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Few ostracods live in the central part of Kuwait Bay due to the effect of ebb and flow currents in the central channel. The number increases gradually towards the nearshore areas and then decreases rapidly near the tidal flat areas due to turbidity in the northeastern zone and pollution in Sulaibikhat Bay. Different ostracod assemblages inhabit the subenvironments of the bay. The tidal-flat assemblage differs from that of the nearshore area and from the assemblage living in the restricted area in the western corner of the bay. Ostracods in the bay are mostly found living on clayey silt sediments and sandy mud.Forty-nine species belonging to 39 genera were recognised in the bay, of which 28 were found living there. The dominant living species in the bay include Hemicytheridea paiki Jain, 1978; Keijella nealei Jain, 1978; Jainella karwarensis Bhatia & Kumar, 1979; Propontocypris sp.; Chrysocythere keiji Jain, 1978; Aglaiocypris sp.; Alocopocythere reticulata indoaustralica (Hartmann, 1978); Carinocythereis batei Jain, 1978; Cytherella pulchra Brady, 1868; Hemikrithe peterseini Jain, 1978 and Neomonoceratina sp. cf. N. delicata Ishizaki & Kato, 1976.
Some aspects of the palaeobiology of Tertiary deep-Sea Ostracoda from the S.W. Pacific
Authors: Whatley Robin
Published: July 2010

Abstract. From a numerical analysis of deep water Neogene and Quaternary Ostracoda from D.S.D.P. sites in the S. W. Pacific, it is shown that the Miocene to Quaternary interval saw a large scale invasion by bathyal stocks of the abyss. This invasion was progressive and cumulative and resulted in abyssal faunas being much more diverse in the Quaternary than they had been in the Miocene. This major palaeoecological shift also occasioned a concommitant decline in bathyal faunas over the same interval. The breakdown of bathyal and abyssal isolation resulted from the Miocene onwards, in a progressive increase in the number of species which were able, contemporaneously, to live at both bathyal and abyssal palaeodepths.The study shows deep water faunas of this age to be much more diverse than previous studies have indicated. Ninety-one genera with autochthonous deep water species are encountered in this study. These genera are listed with the numbers of species of each genus and their depth distribution for Miocene, Pliocene and Quaternary respectively. Overall species diversity declines from the Miocene to the Pliocene but steeply increases into the Quaternary. It is suggested that the Pliocene impoverishment may in part be an artefact, occasioned by abnormally high Miocene diversity.It is shown that the phenomena outlined above are, to varying degrees, illustrated by all of the 6 groups into which the fauna is divided. It is suggested that certain of these phenomena, such as the major downslope migration from the Miocene onwards, may be detectable in other parts of the world’s oceans.
Sub-Recent Ostracoda from Bosten Lake, NW China
Authors: Mischke Steffen , Schudack Michael E.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. In spite of early work by Daday (1903) and by Sars (1903a, b), the Recent and sub-Recent non-marine ostracod faunas of NW China remain poorly known. There is only little information included in later works, which have tended to focus on fossil Tertiary and Quaternary ostracods (e.g. Sun et al., 1999), rather than on Recent or sub-Recent taxa, although Yu & Martens (1997) have presented a very preliminary checklist for China as a whole.In an attempt to improve this situation, this note reports on ostracods collected from the largest ‘freshwater’ lake of NW China. Bosten Hu (Lake) (c. lat. 42°N, long. 87°E) covers an area of about 1020 km2 at an altitude of 1048 m above sea-level in an intermontane basin of the Chinese Tianshan Mountains. The lake has an outlet to the Tarim Basin in the south and had a salinity of about 1.0 g l−1 in 1950 which increased to 1.5 g l−1 in 1978 due to withdrawal of water from the main tributary (Kaidu He) for irrigation purposes. The lake is rather shallow with a maximum depth of 15.7 m, its volume being about 9.9 km3 (Berkner, 1993).Sampling of surface mud from the uppermost centimetres of the lake bottom and of plankton samples was carried out along several transects in nearly all parts of the lake. Altogether, 33 samples were collected by a mud grabber or a handnet, and by a diver. Surprisingly, no living specimens were found, although ostracod valves were very abundant in . . .
A review of some key species of mainly Indo-Pacific Ostracoda from the collections of G. S. Brady
Authors: Titterton Rosemary , Whatley Robin C. , Whittaker John E.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Fifteen key species of Recent Ostracoda (all but one from Indo-Pacific waters), selected from the collections of G. S. Brady and deposited in the Hancock Museum, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and The Natural History Museum, London, are reviewed. Holotypes and lectotypes have been formally designated and illustrated (by SEM) in the case of seven of these species: Neonesidea crosskeiana (Brady, 1866), Macrocyprina decora (Brady, 1866), Macrocyprina maculata (Brady, 1866), Pontocypris attenuata (Brady, 1868), Neocyprideis spinulosa (Brady, 1868), Keijia demissa (Brady 1868), Cytherella semitalis (Brady 1868). Other taxa reviewed and re-illustrated are five species erected by Brady in 1880: Neonesidea woodwardiana, Paranesidea globulus, Loxoconcha pumicosa, Kotaracythere inconspicua, Cletocythereis rastromarginata and Cytherelloidea venusta, and one species described by Brady in 1890: Neomonoceratina entomon. Lectotypes of these have been designated previously, elsewhere. The final species, Neocyprideis timorensis which, although found by Brady in 1880, was first formally described by Fyan in 1916.
A Lower Cretaceous nannofossil zonation for the North Sea Basin
Authors: Jeremiah Jason
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Analysis of cored sections from the Central North Sea Basin, boreholes from the onshore Netherlands and onshore sections from the UK and Germany has enabled a major reappraisal of Lower Cretaceous nannofossil datums. The Lower Albian to Upper Barremian interval has, in particular, been comprehensively amended. Five new species, Crucibiscutum bosunensis sp. nov., Crucibiscutum ryazanicum sp. nov., Lithraphidites houghtonii sp. nov., Seribiscutum dentatum sp. nov., Staurolithites palmula sp. nov. and one new sub-species, Biscutum constans cavum ssp. nov. are described.
Calcareous nannofossil, ostracode and foraminifera biostratigraphy of Plio-Pleistocene deposits, Rhodes (Greece), with a correlation to the Vrica section (Italy)
Authors: Thomsen Erik , Rasmussen Tine L. , Hastrup Annette
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The Kalithea Bay section is situated on the southeastern coast of the island of Rhodes. The section comprises a sedimentary sequence ranging from brackish water gravel and nearshore sand to deep-water clay. The brackish water and nearshore deposits are assigned to the Kritika Formation, while the deep-water deposits are assigned to the Lindos Bay clay. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy shows that the age of the marine sequence is Early Pleistocene. The brackish water sediments cannot be dated with any degree of certainty. The marine deposits are rich in ostracodes and foraminifera and several species have been recognized, which previously have been used as biostratigraphic markers in the Plio-Pleistocene deposits of Rhodes. Biostratigraphic correlation between the Kalithea Bay section and the Plio-Pleistocene boundary stratotype at Vrica, southern Italy, shows that the ostracodes and foraminifera events generally are diachronous relative to the calcareous nannofossil events. The only exception is the first occurrence of the benthic foraminifera Hyalinea balthica. As calcareous nannofossil events are thought to be virtually synchronous within the Mediterranean region, it is concluded that the diachroneity is due to a relative delay in the appearance of ostracodes and foraminifera at Kalithea, caused by differences in the palaeobathymetric settings between the two sites.
The molecular phylogenetic status of Elphidium williamsoni (Haynes, 1973) as inferred from partial 18S-rDNA sequences
Authors: Langer Martin R.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Comparative studies on DNA nucleotide sequences have revolutionized our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of many organisms and have become an important tool in evolutionary, ecological and palaeobiological inquiry. We have analysed partial small-subunit 18S sequences (srDNA) of Elphidium williamsoni (Haynes, 1973), a common intertidal benthic foraminiferid from the North Sea. The molecular phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal rDNA sequence data indicate that E. williamsoni constitutes a well-defined genetic entity that is closely related to Elphidium aculeatum.Elphidium williamsoni is a prominent and frequently encountered foraminiferid in the North Sea and other tidal flats. It was originally described by Williamson (1858) as Polystomella umbilicata and subsequently renamed by Haynes (1973). Because of its phenotypic similarities with other elphidiids, this species has been frequently confused with, for example E. excavatum or Cribrononion alvarezianum (see Haynes for discussion). The molecular data provided here, and their direct comparison to other benthic foraminifera including one elphidiid, may therefore provide additional insight into the taxonomic status and the validity of this species.Individuals of the foraminiferid Elphidium williamsoni were collected in October 1997 from the intertidal mud flats of the Crildumersiel at the outer Jade Bay near Wilhelmshaven, North Sea (see Langer et al., 1989 for details). The mud flats are characterized by fine-grained, muddy sediments containing high contents of organic material. In the laboratory, specimens were transferred into petri dishes, examined and cleaned under a stereo microscope. Living specimens of E. williamsoni were picked out separately and placed into clean glass dishes containing filtered. . .
Arthur Earland: the foraminiferal slide collection and correspondence at the University of St Andrews, Scotland
Authors: Robinson M. , Austin W. E. N.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Arthur Earland and D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson corresponded for a period of over fifty years between 1894 and 1946. During this interval Earland supplied Thompson with Foraminifera for his growing museum collection at the University of Dundee. Following Thompson’s move to the University of St Andrews in 1917, a new collection was started. The content, general state, and labelling of the 405 slides in this collection are described. Earland’s correspondence with Thompson provides a rare insight into the early twentieth century approach to scientific research by the interested amateur and sheds new light on the nature of Earland’s long working relationship with Edward Heron-Allen.
Classification of the meridionally costellate Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera
Authors: El-Nakhal Hamed A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The meridionally arranged rugosity, which is restricted to the Cretaceous globigerines, is given a superfamily taxonomic status. The globigerines displaying this type of ornamentation are placed in the Rugoglobigerinacea which is subdivided into two families the Rugoglobigerinidae and the Abathomphalidae. The Rugoglobigerinidae includes the forms having an umbilical primary aperture with a tegillum (Rugoglobigerina Brönnimann, Trinitella Brönnimann, and Plummerita Brönnimann). The Abathomphalidae includes the genera which have an umbilical–extraumbilical to spiro-umbilical primary aperture with a tegillum (Abathomphalus Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan, and Kassabella El-Nakhal), or a porticus (Meridionalla El-Nakhal, and Badriella n. gen.). Badriella is introduced as a new genus with B. mouradi n. sp. (= hypotype of Praeglobotruncana loeblichae Douglas) as a type species, to accommodate the meridionally costellate species with compressed chambers and umbilical–extraumbilical primary aperture, which were previously assigned to Praeglobotruncana Bermudez. The Rugoglobigerinacea may have evolved from a hedbergelline ancestor during the latest Albian via the development of the meridinally arranged rugosity.
Early Palaeogene planktic foraminiferal and carbon isotope stratigraphy, Hole 762C, Exmouth Plateau, northwest Australian margin
Authors: Hancock Haidi J. L. , Chaproniere George C. , Dickens Gerald R. , Henderson Robert A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Although the northwest margin of Australia is an important region for petroleum exploration and palaeoceanographic investigations, its Palaeogene stratigraphy is poorly documented, especially in terms of a foraminiferal biozonation. Early Palaeogene cores from 502.96 to 307.80 m below sea floor at Ocean Drilling Program Site 762 on the Exmouth Plateau were examined in this study for their planktic foraminiferal assemblages and the carbon isotopic compositions of Subbotina spp. Planktic foraminifera are generally well preserved and belong to 74 species and 17 genera. In spite of a mid-latitudinal palaeolatitude (c. 40°S) the sequence, deposited between the early Paleocene and Middle Eocene, contains all planktic foraminiferal Zones P1c through P10 of the current global scheme for tropical locations, except for Subzone P4b. Most zones are well defined by the datums of primary marker species except P3a and P9, which have boundaries that probably occur in core gaps, and the P9 zonal boundaries are defined by secondary marker species. Overall, variations in δ13C based on sequential samples of Subbotina are similar in pattern and magnitude to global summary isotope curves spanning the early Palaeogene. However, the prominent δ13C excursion that characterizes the Palaeocene/Eocene transition is mostly missing and appears to lie in a core gap. The planktic foraminiferal zonation, linked with that based on nannofossils, a recalibrated magnetostratigraphy and carbon isotope records, provides a robust temporal framework for the Early Palaeogene of the northwest margin of Australia.
Two new Early Cretaceous dinocyst species from the Central North Sea Basin
Authors: Duxbury S.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Two new species of dinocyst, Cerbia monilis and Hapsocysta susanae are described from the Lower Cretaceous of the Central North Sea Basin. The first ranges across the Aptian/Albian boundary and the latter is restricted to the Early to Middle Albian interval; both are valuable index taxa in this area. Hapsocysta susanae is remarkably similar to cysts ‘without walls’ described from the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene, and detailed comparisons are made. The ranges of the two species described here are illustrated against regional lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic schemes.
Resting stage in benthic foraminiferal propagules: a key feature for dispersal? Evidence from two shallow-water species
Authors: Alve Elisabeth , Goldstein Susan T.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Understanding dispersal mechanisms in benthic formainifera has wide implications for explaining their geological and biological distribution in space and time, including evolutionary and genetic trends. Because they lack a planktonic larval stage (although a few have a meroplanktonic life stage), their mode of dispersal in the marine environment has been subject to much speculation, and a range of alternative mechanisms have been suggested (for a review, see Alve (1999) and further discussion in Hayward et al. (1999)).In the present note, we suggest a mechanism which is more efficient and probably more widespread than most of those previously proposed. We hypothesize that many species produce ‘propagules’ (small juveniles, perhaps just the proloculus) released in large numbers following reproduction that may enter a resting stage. Propagules can be widely dispersed by normal physical processes (currents, sediment transport) and ultimately settle over a range of habitats and conditions. Growth and reproduction commence only in those individuals and species that reach a suitable environment. We have two lines of evidence from completely different shallow-water environments (Norwegian fjord and the Florida Keys, USA) that strongly support our hypothesis.ObservationsSurface sediments from a box core were collected at 60 m water depth in the inner part of Oslofjord 10 September 1999. Some of the sediment was processed immediately after collection, and the remaining bulk sample was transferred to a transparent container with ambient seawater, sealed, and placed on a window ledge until 30 March 2000. Those sub-samples processed immediately after collection contained no live . . .
Upper Cretaceous intertrappean non-marine Ostracoda from Mohagaonkala (Mohgaon-Kalan), Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh State, Central India
Authors: Whatley Robin , Bajpai Sunil , Srinivasan S.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A rather impoverished fauna of only nine species of non-marine Ostracoda, belonging to seven genera was recovered from the classic intertrappean locality of Mohagaonkala (Mohgaon-Kalan), in Central India. Two species are cytherids and the remainder cyprids. Three of the species are new: Gomphocythere paucisulcata sp. nov., Cypridopsis elachistos sp. nov. and Zonocypris labyrinthicus sp. nov., while the remaining six species have been described previously from a variety of Upper Cretaceous localities in Peninsular India. Although one species Frambocythere tumiensis (Helmdach) occurs outside India, the sub-species which occurs at this locality, F. t. lakshmiae Whatley & Bajpai, is an Indian endemic. The present fauna confirms that the non-marine Ostracoda of the intertrappeans are essentially endemic to India, despite prior claims to the contrary.