bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMENUHAN ELEMEN NECESSARY CONDITIONS KECAMATAN DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN UMUM DI KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG
Authors: Nugroho Arif , Maulana Delly
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini mengulas Pemenuhan Elemen Necessary Conditions Kecamatan dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan umum baik secara nasional dan spesifik diperdalam dengan fakta empiris di Kabupaten Pandeglang, hal itu sebagai konsekuansi dari pelaksanaan Undang – Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui, penyelenggaraan pemerintahan umum Kecamatan baik fakta secara nasional serta pendalaman fakta empiris di Kabupaten Pandeglang menunjukan belum cukup tertopang oleh elemen necessary condition diantaranya kepastian atas kewenangan legalnya serta anggaran yang menyertainya. Oleh sebab itu dipandang perlu ada kemauan politik baik itu dari Presiden untuk segera mengundangkan Peraturan – Pemerintah sebagai landasan teknis bagi pemerintah daerah selaku kepala wilayah maupun dari Kepala Daerah Kabupaten/Kota untuk melakukan terobosan agar supaya di masa peralihan implementasi Undang – Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 kewenangan – kewenangan pada bidang kesatuan bangsa, keamanan dan keteriban umum dapat dilimpahkan pada Kecamatan serta Elemen Necessary Conditions lain yang menyertainya diperkuat.

 

 

This article discusses the fulfillment of the elements of the sub-district's necessary conditions in the administration of general government both nationally and specifically and deepened by empirical facts in Pandeglang Regency, this is a consequence of the implementation of Law Number 23 of 2014. The research approach used is qualitative. The results showed that in the administration of district general government both the facts nationally and the deepening of empirical facts in Pandeglang district were not sufficiently supported by elements of necessary conditions, including certainty of legal authority and budget. Therefore, there needs to be political will, both from the president, to immediately ratify the Government Regulation as a technical basis for the regional government (Territory) as well as from the Head of Regency / City to make breakthroughs so that in the transitional period the implementation of Law Number 23 Year 2014 powers in the areas of national unity, security and public order can be transferred to the District and the accompanying elements of necessary conditions are strengthened.
Doprinos temperamenta i roditeljskog ponašanja razvojnim ishodima djece predškolske dobi
Authors: Božiković Tina , Reić Ercegovac Ina , Kalebić Jakupčević Katija
Published: December 2020

Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati pridonose li dimenzije roditeljskog ponašajnog stila objašnjenju razvojnih obilježja djece predškolske dobi i povrh dječjih temperamentalnih značajki. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 194 roditelja jednog djeteta predškolske dobi, od čega 95.36 % majki. Primijenjeni su Upitnik temperamenta EASI, Multidimenzijski upitnik roditeljstva i Upitnik za procjenu razvoja djeteta predškolske dobi. Rezultati su uputili na značajnu povezanost između dimenzija temperamenta prema modelu EASI (emocionalnost, aktivnost, socijabilnost i impulzivnost), funkcionalnih razvojnih obilježja djeteta i nekih dimenzija roditeljstva. Nisu utvrđene znatne razlike u procjenama temperamentalnih obilježja i razvojnih ishoda između dječaka i djevojčica. Rezultati regresijskih analiza pokazali su da je procjenama temperamentalnih dimenzija moguće objasniti visokih 56 % – 74 % varijance razvojnih ishoda djece predškolske dobi, ali i da dimenzije roditeljskog ponašanja dodatno ne pridonose objašnjenju varijance razvojnih obilježja djece uz kontrolu temperamenta. Uz ograničenja provedenog istraživanja, rezultati su interpretirani u kontekstu postojećih spoznaja o utjecajima na razvojne ishode djece predškolske dobi s posebnim naglaskom na važnost prepoznavanja i razumijevanja temperamenta kao važne odrednice razvoja u dječjoj dobi.
Managing the development of pedagogical competences
Authors: Labak Irena
Published: December 2020

Competence implies the ability or expertise of an individual to successfully master a variety of goals. There are general competences that are transferrable and profession­independent, and specific, profession­dependent competences. Everyone uses both specific and general competences in their personal and professional life. Teachers need numerous competences to be able to do their job, and these are called pedagogical competences. Pedagogical competences, like other competences, are not static and cannot fully be acquired during professional education. Moreover, they are dynamic and require a lifetime of dedication, development, and growth. This paper discusses and suggests methods for teachers to monitor and plan the development of pedagogical competences in their everyday work so as not to become passive observers in their professional growth. The paper suggests a model of iterative reflections that gather feedback on the effectiveness of development and identifies novel requirements for continuous development.
Youth gambling from the perspective of high-school counsellors
Authors: Mandić Sabina , Lamešić Lucija , Ricijaš Neven
Published: December 2020

Gambling is a relatively new form of risk behaviour in our area. Modern Croatian and foreign scientific studies suggest that there is a considerable prevalence of problem gambling among high­school students. The aim of this paper is to explore how high­school counsellors perceive youth gambling. In addition to other tasks, they are responsible for detecting risk behaviour among youths and ensuring prevention and early intervention. This research was conducted among 120 counsellors from 18 Croatian counties. In general, the results show that they encounter issues surrounding youth gambling relatively rarely and they underestimate the prevalence of this risk behaviour, despite being aware of the fact that gambling products are easily accessible to youths. At the same time, counsellors do not perceive themselves sufficiently competent to provide adequate interventions in this field and they are not familiar enough with the developed training and interventions in Croatia. The
results are interpreted in terms of their practical implications and with the aim of ensuring necessary professional knowledge and skills.
Comparative analysis of a specific type of lexical collocation (light verb + noun) in
Croatian, Italian and English language and its use in classroom teaching of lexis
Authors: Alujević Marijana , Brešan Ančić Tanja , Vinčić Dijana
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview and the analysis of collocations, one of the most significant aspects of idiomatic use of language. A special emphasis has been put on a comparative review of the most common Light Verb Constructions consisting of light verbs (cro. lagani glagoli, ital. verbi supporto) and nouns in Croatian, English and Italian language. The aforementioned construction is chosen since it is extremely common in the early stages of language acquisition. Moreover, the aim of the conducted contrastive analysis has been to determine overlaps in order to use the examples of positive transfer in teaching lexis (English/Italian – L2), as well as to prevent negative interference such as false analogies. The research is based on the assumption that the number of completely concordant collocations taught in the early stages of foreign language acquisition is limited. Thus, prompt detection
and putting emphasis on their relevance is essential. Following the discussion of the results of the contrastive analysis, the relevance of teaching collocations, i.e. presenting the most common collocations simultaneously with new vocabulary will be stressed. In accordance with the above­mentioned, we believe that collocational approach is the most useful and effective in teaching languages.
Geriatrik Cerrahide Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: AYAN Fatma Sıla , DAĞTEKİN Turgay
Published: December 2020

Fizyolojik yaşlanmanın biyolojik kayıplar ve atipik hastalık süreçleri adına yarattığı kimi riskler mevcuttur. Bu risklerin yönetilebilmesi adına cerrahi müdahaleler gerekebilmektedir. Geriatrik cerrahide hedefler kişinin sağlıklı ömür uzunluğunu, hayatta kalma süresini ve yaşam kalitesini olabildiğince uzatmaktır. Geriatrik cerrahi öncesinde, sırasında ve sonrasında diğer yaş gruplarında alınan önlemlere ek olarak planlanması gereken tedbirler ve düzenlemelerin güncel yaklaşımlar ve bilimsel kılavuzlar ışığında incelenmesi gerekmektedir.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Nursing Students’ Anxiety Levels
Authors: AKMAN Özlem , YILDIRIM Dilek , SARIKAYA Aklime
Published: December 2020

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on the anxiety levels of nursing students.Method: This research was conducted in a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design, and it was completed between April-May 2020. In the study, the data were collected with “Socio-demographic and COVID-19 Pandemic Knowledge and Attitudes of Nursing Students Information Form” and “State and Trait Anxiety Inventory”. The research data were arranged on the internet in the form of a Google survey form and sent to e-mail addresses. Written consent was obtained from the Ministry of Health Scientific Research Board and the Ethics Committee in order to carry out the study.Results: The students’ mean age was 22.61±1.70. It was found that as the level of knowledge about COVID-19 increased, their trait anxiety levels also increased (p=0,004), and as they found the effective hand washing level to be sufficient to prevent coronavirus transmission, their trait anxiety levels decreased (p=0,040). It was observed that both state and trait anxiety scores increased as their anxiety levels about coronavirus transmission increased (p<0,05), and the level of state anxiety rose as the worries about the transmission to family members increased (p=0,005).Conclusion: It was determined that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the anxiety level of nursing students. The study concluded that it would be a good method to provide training to help nursing students, who will become health professionals, in developing their attitudes and knowledge of COVID-19-related anxiety and coping methods used to deal with anxiety. Therefore, it was considered that COVID-19-related training should be provided in courses or scientific activities such as independent seminars and conferences; students should be encouraged to talk about their feelings and thoughts, consultancy services should be provided and this issue should be further investigated using case studies.
Çocukluk Çağı Cinsel İstismarına Maruz Kalan Bireylerle Varoluşçu Sosyal Grup Çalışması
Authors: ÇOLAK Betül
Published: December 2020

Çocukluk çağı cinsel istismarı çocuğa yönelik kötü muamele türlerinden biridir ve günümüzde hem ulusal hem uluslararası boyutta görünürlüğü giderek artan önemli bir sorundur. Çocukluk döneminde cinsel istismarın çocuk üzerinde tamamen tamir edilemez ancak azaltılabilir kısa ve uzun dönemli olmak üzere etkileri vardır. Bu etkiler bireyin yetişkinlik dönemini de etkileyerek hayatını yönlendirecek derecede önemli olan olumsuz etkilerdir. Sosyal hizmet teori ve uygulamalarında çocuğun cinsel istismarına ilişkin önemli bir bilimsel arka plan vardır. Çocuğun cinsel istismarının anlaşılması ve çözümü için birden fazla bilim alanı ve hizmet biriminin birlikte çalışması gerekmektedir. Sosyoloji, psikoloji, felsefe, sosyal politika bu bilimlerden bazılarına örnektir. Psikoloji bilimi, cinsel istismarın çocuk üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerini sağaltmak ve yetişkinlik döneminde sağlıklı bir yaşam sürdürmesini sağlamak için çalışan bilim dallarından biridir ve sosyal hizmet bilimsel birikimini ve uygulamalarını da beslemektedir. Sosyal hizmet kurum ve kuruluşlarında müracaatçılarla yapılan bireysel ve grup görüşmelerinde, sosyal hizmet bilgisinin yanı sıra eklektik ve interdisipliner yaklaşım kullanılmaktadır. Çocukluk çağı cinsel istismarının yaşam boyu süren etkilerinin sağaltılmasında psikolog ve psikiyatristlerin çalışmalarının yanı sıra sosyal hizmet kurum bakımı sürecinde çocuklara ve kurum bakımı süreci sonrasında yetişkinlik döneminde bireylere sosyal çalışmacılar tarafından da destek sunulmaktadır. Bu makalede, bu destek hizmetlerinden ve sosyal hizmetin mezzo düzey yöntemlerinden biri olan sosyal grup çalışmasında felsefe temelli olan ancak psikolojide de kullanılan Varoluşçu Terapinin sosyal hizmet alanında kullanımına odaklanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda derlemenin amacı, çocukluk çağı cinsel istismar mağduru bireylerle varoluşçu sosyal grup çalışmasının nasıl gerçekleştirileceğini, işlevselliğini ve etkilerini literatür bilgileri ışığında sunmaktır.
Çalışma Hayatındaki Bireylerin Probiyotik Besinler Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyi ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZGÜL Aybala Ayça , BOZAT Cansu , SEZİŞ Merve , BADUR Yasemin , ÖZCAN Öznur Özge , SARIYER Esra Tansu , ÇEVİK Ekin , ÇOLAK Hatice , KARAHAN Mesut
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar probiyotiklerin sağlık üzerine olan etkilerini göstermekle beraber, bireylerin probiyotik bilgi düzeyi arttıkça tüketimin de arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık personellerinin probiyotik besinler hakkında bilgi düzeyi ve tüketim durumlarının belirlenmesidir.Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Aralık 2019 - Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında İstanbul İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne bağlı iki Kamu hastanesinde rastgele seçilen, 18 yaş ve üzeri 25 sağlıklı gönüllü üzerinde yüz yüze anket ile veri toplama yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma, yaş ortalaması 35,9 olan 14 kadın (%56) ve 11 erkek (%44) olmak üzere 25 birey ile tamamlanmıştır.Bulgular: Katılımcıların %96’sı probiyotik terimini bilmektedir. Probiyotik türlerini %60 mayalar, %60 Lactobacilllus türleri, %44 Escherichia türleri, %44 küfler, %8 Bifidobacterium türleri olarak bilmekte %8’i ise bilmemektedir. Tüm katılımcılar tarafından tüketilen probiyotik besin yoğurttur. Katılımcıların %88’i kefir, %60’ı turşu, %52’si boza, %20’si sirke, %20’si kımız tüketmektedir. Katılımcıların %96 her gün probiyotik gıda tüketmektedir. %4 tüketmeyen kısım ise ihtiyaç duymadığından ve doğal olmadığını düşündüğünden tüketmemektedir.Sonuç: Elde edilen veriler göz önüne alındığında, sağlık çalışanlarında probiyotik bilgi düzeyleri ve tüketimlerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Sağlık üzerine yararlı etkileri kanıtlanmış olan probiyotiklere yönelik farkındalığın ve tüketimin artırılması gerekmektedir. Probiyotik bilgi düzeyi ve tüketimi arasındaki ilişkinin açığa çıkması için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Performance Investigation of refrigerant R-407C as a Replacement to refrigerant R22 in Window Air Conditioner Unit
Authors: Abdulqadir Ibrahim F. , M. Salim Badran , Shamdeen Omar
Published: December 2020

The present work deal with the experimental study to retrofit the refrigerant R407c with the refrigerant R22 in the air conditioning unit at an ambient temperature range between 30-45°C. The main component of the experimental rig includes a window air conditioner with a refrigeration capacity of 2 Ton refrigeration that used refrigerant R22 as a working fluid in the experimental work. The refrigerant R22 is replaced with refrigerant R407C due to similar operation properties for the two refrigerants. The experimental results displayed the refrigeration effect and coefficient of performance COP of the R22 system are high as with those of the R407C system. The falls in the evaporator and condenser for the R407C system is lower than that of the R22 system. The temperature of discharge in the compressor for the system of refrigerant R22 is greater than that of the R407C system. Moreover, condensation temperature along the tube of the condenser is decreased with the increase of the distance for both refrigerants. The refrigerant R407C may be selected as a good alternate for R22 with an agreement difference in the two refrigerants’ performance. The system did not require replacement for any part of the AC unit.
Secondary attack rates of COVID-19 in diverse contact settings, a meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Ting , Huo Xiang
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The secondary attack rate (SAR) measures the transmissibility of an infectious agent. The reported SAR of COVID-19 varied in a broad range, and between different contact settings.

Methodology: We conducted a meta-analysis on the SAR of COVID-19 with adherence to the PRISMA guideline. We searched published literatures and preprints in international databases of PubMed and medRxiv, and in five major Chinese databases as of 20 April 2020, using the following search terms: ("COVID-19" and "secondary attack rate") or (“COVID-19” and “close contact”). The random effect model was chosen for pooled analyses, using R (version 3.6.3).

Results: A total of 1,136 references were retrieved and 18 of them remained after screening. The pooled SAR of COVID-19 was 0.07 (95%: 0.03-0.12) in general. It differed significantly between contact settings, peaking in households (0.20, 95%: 0.15-0.28), followed by in social gatherings (0.06, 95%: 0.03-0.10). The point estimates of the pooled SARs in health facilities, transports, and work/study settings were all as low as 0.01. Among all the secondary cases, the proportion of asymptomatic infections was estimated to be 0.17 (95% CI: 0.09 – 0.34). The proportion was higher in households (0.26, 95% CI: 0.12-0.56), than in other contact settings.

Conclusions: The transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 is much higher in households than in other scenarios. Identification of asymptomatic secondary infections should be enhanced in households.
Pneumonia and acute myocarditis revealing COVID-19 infection in histopathology
Authors: Zlatancheva Galina , Vassilev Dobrin , Ivanova Raya , Genadieva Marusya
Published: December 2020

Cardiac injury is a common condition among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and it is associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. Since the ﬁrst data analyses in China, elevated cardiac troponin has been noted in a substantial proportion of patients, implicating myocardial injury as a possible pathogenic mechanism contributing to severe illness and mortality. Physicians need to pay heed to the possibility of myocarditis in cases of COVID-19. We present a ﬁrst possible SARS-CoV-2 associated myocarditis case, conﬁrmed by autopsy examination. The overlap with acute coronary syndrome, acute decompensated heart failure should be taken into consideration in the current state to COVID-19 epidemics.
Painful Sleep: Insomnia in Patients with Chronic Pain Syndrome and its Consequences
Authors: Ostovar-Kermani Tiffany , Arnaud Daniel , Almaguer Andrea , Garcia Ismael , Gonzalez Stephanie , Mendez Martinez Yamely , Surani Salim
Published: December 2020

Insomnia is a chronic condition that occurs a minimum of three times per week over a period of three or more subsequent months. There are multiple causes of insomnia, and even though it is considered a symptom, it can be associated with chronic illnesses. Chronic pain syndrome, which is defined as pain that persists for a period longer than 3 months, is one of several etiologies of insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia among chronic pain patients is greater in comparison with the general population (percentage or ratio). Chronic pain is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spinal pain (such as chronic back pain) and fibromyalgia. The prevalence of in-somnia is also higher in cancer patients when compared to the general population. When the clinical history indicates a straightforward diagnosis of chronic pain syndrome, patients will complain of insomnia as part of their symptomatology. It is imperative to manage their underlying illness to alleviate their sleep disorder. Various medications may be used to relieve and even improve pain symptoms. Other than pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological alternatives such as yoga, meditation, acupuncture, and psychotherapy can help improve the quality of life of these patients. The purpose of this article is to review the diagnosis and management of insomnia in chronic pain syndrome and its impact on the quality of life.
The Effect of Chronic Treatment with Lacosamide and Topiramate on Cognitive Functions and Impaired Emotional Responses in a Pilocarpine-induced Post-status Epilepticus Rat Model
Authors: Shishmanova-Doseva Michaela , Tchekalarova Jana , Nenchovska Zlatina , Ivanova Natasha , Georgieva Katerina , Peychev Lyudmil
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs can affect negatively the cognitive abilities of patients.

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of topiramate (TPM) and lacosamide (LCM) on the emotional and cognitive re-sponses in naive animals and in animals with pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. 

Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups and status epilepticus was evoked in half of them by a single i.p. administration of pilocarpine (Pilo) (320 mg/kg): Pilo-veh, Pilo-TPM (80 mg/kg) and Pilo-LCM (30 mg/kg). Matched naive rats were treated with the same doses as follows: C-veh, C-TPM, and C-LCM. In a step-down passive avoidance test, the learning session was held for one day, the early retention test was conducted on day 2, and the long-term memory test - on day 7. Motor activity and anxiety were evaluated in an open field test. 

Results: The Pilo-TPM and Pilo-LCM groups increased the time spent on the platform compared to Pilo-veh animals while the C-LCM animals decreased the time compared to C-veh animals during short- and long-term memory retention tests. TPM and LCM exerted an anxiolytic effect in naive rats. The two antiepileptic drugs were unable to alleviate the hyperactivity, but they alleviated the impulsivity associated with decreased anxiety level in epileptic rats.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that LCM and TPM have a beneficial effect on cognition both in naive and epileptic rats. While the two antiepileptic drugs can produce an anxiolytic effect in naive rats, they alleviate the impulsivity after pilocarpine treatment.
The great greenbriers gall mystery resolved? New species of Aprostocetus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) gall inducer and two new parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) associated with Smilax L. in southern Florida, USA
Authors: Gates Michael W. , Zhang Y. Miles , Buffington Matthew L.
Published: December 2020

Aprostocetus smilax Gates & Zhang, sp. nov., is described from stem and leaf galls on Smilax havanensis Jacq. in southern Florida, USA. It is the third species of Aprostocetus Westwood known to induce plant galls. Two parasitoids of A. smilax are also described: Phylloxeroxenus smilax Gates & Zhang sp. nov. and Sycophila smilax Gates & Zhang, sp. nov. We conclude that A. smilax is the true gall inducer on Smilax L., and thus the host records of Diastrophus smilacis Ashmead and its inquiline Periclistus smilacis Ashmead, both from Smilax, are erroneous.
Updating the distribution of Vampyrum spectrum (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in Colombia: new localities, potential distribution and notes on its conservation
Authors: Esquivel Diego A. , Aya-Cuero Carlos , Penagos Angie P. , Chacón-Pacheco Julio , Agámez-López Carlos J. , Ochoa Andrés Vargas , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Bennett David
Published: December 2020

The Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum) is classified as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. In Colombia, it has not been included in any risk assessments, because it is a poorly documented species in the country. Using new occurrence data and ecological niche modelling we evaluate the distribution and analyze the species’ ecological and conservation needs in Colombia. With the new records,V. spectrumshows a distribution over six biogeographic provinces in the country, along an elevational range between 96 and 1750 m. The Spectral Bat has been reported in a wide variety of ecosystems from dry forest and fragmented landscapes, to forested areas. Predictive models suggest a wider presence of this species in the west of the country, center, and southern Andes. The limited number of specimens limits our attempt to evaluate morphometric variation among Colombian populations; however, we detect a variation in the mean value of the forearm and ear length regarding northeast South American populations. Areas with the greatest potential distribution detected in this study could be prioritized in conservation strategies, and make plans accordingly for this and other species that coexist in its range. Finally, we highlight the low representativeness of Protected Areas for the Spectral Bat and add some ecological notes about this rare species.
Phytosociological overview of the Fagus and Corylus forests in Albania
Authors: Fanelli Giuliano , Hoda Petrit , Mersinllari Mersin , Mahmutaj Ermelinda , Attorre Fabio , Farcomeni Alessio , Cambria Vito Emanuele , De Sanctis Michele
Published: December 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the mesophilous forests of Albania including Fagus sylvatica and submontane Corylus avellana forests. Mesophilous Albanian forests are poorly known and were not included in the recent syntaxonomic revisions at the European scale. Study area: Albania. Methods: We used a dataset of 284 published and unpublished relevés. They were classified using the Ward’s minimum variance. NMDS ordination was conducted, with over-laying of climatic and geological variables, to analyze the ecological gradients along which these forests develop and segregate. Random Forest was used to define the potential distribution of the identified forest groups in Albania. Results: The study identified seven groups of forests in Albania: Corylus avellana forests, Ostrya carpinifolia-Fagus sylvatica forests, lower montane mesophytic Fagus sylvatica forests, middle montane mesophytic Fagus sylvatica forests, middle montane basiphytic Fagus sylvatica forests, upper montane basiphytic Fagus sylvatica forests, upper montane acidophytic Fagus sylvatica forests. These can be grouped into four main types: Corylus avellana and Ostrya carpinifolia-Fagus sylvatica forests, thermo-basiphytic Fagus sylvatica forest, meso-basiphytic Fagus sylvatica forest and acidophytic Fagus sylvatica forests. This scheme corresponds to the ecological classification recently proposed in a European revision for Fagus sylvatica forests Conclusion: Our study supports an ecological classification of mesophilous forests of Albania at the level of suballiance. Analysis is still preliminary at the level of association, but it shows a high diversity of forest types.

Taxonomic reference: Euro+Med PlantBase (http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/) [accessed 25 Novemeber 2019].

Syntaxonomic references: Mucina et al. (2016) for alliances, orders and classes; Willner et al. (2017) for suballiances.
Classification of tall-forb vegetation in the Pamir-Alai and western Tian Shan Mountains (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, Middle Asia)
Authors: Nowak Arkadiusz , Świerszcz Sebastian , Nowak Sylwia , Nobis Marcin
Published: December 2020

Aims: To complete the syntaxonomic scheme for tall-forb vegetation of the montane and alpine belts in the Pamir-Alai and western Tian Shan Mountains in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan with some remarks on its environmental predictors. Study area: Middle Asia: Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Methods: A total of 244 relevés were sampled in 2013–2019 using the seven-degree cover-abundance scale of the Braun-Blanquet approach. These were classified with a modified TWINSPAN algorithm with pseudospecies cut-levels 0%, 5% and 25%, and total inertia as a measure of cluster heterogeneity. Diagnostic species were identified using the phi coefficient as a fidelity measure. NMDS was used to explore the relationships between the distinguished groups. Results: Our classification revealed 19 clusters of tall-forb vegetation in Middle Asia. Among others we found forb communities typical for Tian Shan, western Pamir-Alai, forb-scree vegetation of Pamir-Alai, dry tall-forbs and typical forbs of the alpine belt. A total of eight new tall-forb associations and five communities were distinguished. The forb vegetation of Middle Asia has been assigned to the class Prangetea ulopterae Klein. The main factors differentiating the species composition of the researched vegetation are elevation, mean annual temperature, sum of annual precipitation and inclination of the slope. Conclusions: The paper presents the first insight into the comprehensive classification of the alpine forb vegetation in Middle Asia and fosters progress in explaining the relationship of boreo-temperate and Mediterranean-like (Irano-Turanian) vegetation in western Asian and central Asian subregions of the Irano-Turanian phytogeographical region.

Taxonomic references: The nomenclature of the vascular plants follows generally Cherepanov (1995) and for Bromus spp. The Plant List (2020) Version 1.1. http://www.theplantlist.org/.

Syntaxonomic references: The names of syntaxa are used in accordance with Ermakov (2012), Gadghiev et al. (2002) and Nowak et al. (2018).

Abbreviation: NMDS = Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling.
SIVIM Alpine – Database of high-mountain grasslands in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Jiménez-Alfaro Borja , Font Xavier
Published: December 2020

SIVIM Alpine (GIVD ID: EU-00-034) is a thematic database focused on vegetation plots from alpine grasslands of the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of the database is to centralize historical and new vegetation plots of grassland-like communities above the treeline from Spanish mountains, the Pyrenees (including France and Andorra) and Serra da Estrela (Portugal). The database was registered in GIVD in December 2020, and it is currently available in EVA under semi-restricted regime. SIVIM Alpine includes both digitized relevés from the literature and unpublished data. Most of digitized relevés overlap with SIVIM (GIVD ID EU-00-004) but the header data and the geographical coordinates of SIVIM Alpine have been improved when possible. The database is routinely updated with new surveys conducted with GPS and detailed ecological data. Nowadays, SIVIM Alpine contains 6,420 vegetation plots corresponding to all phytosociological alliances described in the Iberian Peninsula for high-mountain grassland vegetation, 85% of them also classified at the association level. Plot size is available for 80% of the relevés. Plant taxonomy keeps the names provided by the original authors of the relevés, with an additional correspondence to Euro+Med and The Plant List, when possible. The database is continuously updated by revisiting the original sources. Different versions of the database have been used to vegetation analysis at national at continental scales.

Abbreviations: EVA = European Vegeation Archive; GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases; SIVIM = Iberian and Macaronesian Vegetation Information System.
Shards, sequences, and shorelines: two new species of Bembidion from North America (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Maddison David R.
Published: December 2020

Two new species ofBembidionare described from river shores in North America. One,Bembidion mimbressp. nov., from the Gila River watershed in the lands of the Mimbres culture in New Mexico and Arizona, is closely related to the widespreadBembidion levigatum. DNA sequences from several linkage groups and morphology provide evidence of the distinctiveness ofB. mimbres. The second,Bembidion corgenomasp. nov., has been the subject of recent genomic and transcriptomic studies. It belongs in theBembidion transversalesubgroup, and occurs from California north to British Columbia, east to Montana and Nevada. TheB. transversalesubgroup as a whole is reviewed, and morphological characters that distinguishB. corgenomafrom the similar and sympatricB. transversaleandB. erosumare described and illustrated. DNA sequences of these three species show no consistent differences in 28S, COI, CAD, and Topoisomerase, and a coalescent species delimitation analysis reveals no notable structure within the complex. This is the first known trio of species withinBembidionfor which those genes provide no clear signal of species boundaries. A neotype is designated for the one name in the group that lacks a primary type,Bembidium haplogonumChaudoir. Chromosomes of the new species and their relatives are as is typical forBembidion, with eleven pairs of autosomes and an XY/XX sex chromosome system.
L’art de conjuguer dépendance et dignité en Établissement Médico-Social
Authors: Henzi Christiane , Libois Joëlle
Published: December 2020

L’accompagnement des personnes âgées vivant en EMS (Établissement Médico-social) en Suisse pose beaucoup de questions, principalement aux professionnels qui les côtoient au quotidien. Leur fragilité liée aux troubles du grand âge, l’angoisse de leurs familles et le contexte sociopolitique rendent délicates les prises en charge et mettent en avant la nécessité de collaborer en bonne intelligence afin de permettre aux résidants de rester des sujets pouvant exprimer leurs compétences et leurs désirs. Il est également fondamental de prendre en considération la dépendance qui les amène en institution d’une manière respectueuse de leur dignité et cela s’avère parfois complexe. Cet article illustre, à travers des situations concrètes, le chemin qui a permis à une équipe d’animateurs-trices socioculturel-s-les travaillant en EMS de rendre visible ses compétences professionnelles, la recherche de sens donné aux animations collectives ainsi qu’à la prise en charge en individuel. Ce travail de mise en visibilité a permis une compréhension en profondeur des valeurs mutuelles interprofessionnelles et une réflexion ouverte en vue d’une meilleure collaboration. Grâce à des échanges de qualité et respectueux du mandat de l’autre, la question du respect de la dignité des résidants a pu être abordée en finesse et la recherche du comportement le plus juste possible, enrichie.
Se construire comme professionnel de la recherche par la rencontre avec les professionnels de terrain
Authors: Lelubre Marjorie , Cassilde Stéphanie , Parazelli Michel
Published: December 2020

Ce texte de réflexion éclaire l’apport fondamental des professionnels de terrain dans la construction des pratiques et de l’identité professionnelles du chercheur en sciences sociales. En mettant en avant ce que ce terrain « fait » au chercheur sous l’angle de son métier, nous identifions les mécanismes par lesquels le professionnel de la recherche parachève son apprentissage et/ou approfondit les questionnements propres à l’exercice de son métier. Nous partons de notre expérience commune de recherche dans le secteur de la lutte contre le sans-abrisme et l’exclusion du logement en Belgique francophone. Il apparaît qu’un « savoir-être » spécifique et adapté au terrain d’enquête est développé grâce à l’initiation assurée par les professionnels de terrain. Il alimente la réflexivité professionnelle du chercheur.
La ville et le sauvage
Authors: Zask Joëlle
Published: December 2020

La représentation de la ville idéale s’est construite contre la nature et le sauvage, sur le modèle d’une forteresse. Ces modèles d’urbanisme sont présents chez des architectes comme Le Corbusier ou Ricardo Bofill, à l’opposé des cités composites reliées à leur environnement. L’irruption de la vie sauvage dans nos villes fut une source d’étonnement pendant le confinement. Comment repenser les rapports de la ville à la vie sauvage par-delà l’alternative de son extermination ou d’une cohabitation irénique ?
Pour une Église plus inclusive
Authors: Rinner Valentine , Euvé François , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: December 2020

Étudiante en théologie, Valentine Rinner a lancé, avec trois autres étudiantes, un site qui propose chaque semaine une prédication en format audio sur les textes liturgiques du dimanche ( www.ohmygoddess.fr ). Ce lieu de parole est un pas vers une Église plus inclusive qui se rende sensible aux réflexions menées dans notre société, en particulier autour des questions de pouvoir, de genre et de sexualités.
Le grand écart d’Alain Resnais
Authors: Collet Jean
Published: December 2020

De film en film, Alain Resnais est devenu, à la fin de ses jours, le cinéaste français le plus célèbre et le plus mystérieux. Inclassable, insaisissable, il est aujourd’hui le plus commenté, le plus étudié, celui qui inspire un si grand nombre de travaux de chercheurs, d’historiens, de cinéphiles et de critiques. Que penser d’une telle admiration, unanime et sans réserve ? Ni Truffaut, ni Demy, ni Rohmer, ni Chabrol n’ont eu le privilège d’une telle gloire. Est-ce l’homme, l’œuvre ou le citoyen qui mérite tant d’éclat ? À l’occasion de la mort de Jean Collet, en novembre 2020, Études republie cet article paru en 2014, en hommage à ce grand critique et collaborateur de notre revue.
Dementia Caregivers' Experiences and Reactions to Remote Activity Monitoring System Alerts
Authors: Zmora Rachel , Mitchell Lauren L. , Bustamante Gabriela , Finlay Jessica , Nkimbeng Manka , Gaugler Joseph E.
Published: December 2020

Technology-based tools, including remote activity monitoring (RAM) systems, have been proposed as valuable aids for family caregivers of people with dementia. Previous analyses have shown limited effects of these systems and highlighted a number of barriers, including false alarms. We used data from an ongoing embedded mixed method randomized controlled intervention to describe patterns of alerts and their association with receipt of the RAM system and caregiver outcomes. Quantitative analyses showed a modest positive association between the number of alerts during the first month and system review score. In addition, qualitative results illustrated the importance of alert context, including utility, accuracy, and type of alert delivery. These findings highlight the relevance of early alerts to engagement with and perceived benefit from the RAM system. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(1), 13–20.]
Existence of periodic wave trains for an age-structured model with diffusion
Authors: Liu Zhihua , Wu Yayun , Zhang Xiangming
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we make a mathematical analysis of an age-structured model with diffusion including a generalized Beverton-Holt fertility function. The existence of periodic wave train solutions of the age structure model with diffusion are investigated by using the theory of integrated semigroup and a Hopf bifurcation theorem for second order semi-linear equations. We also carry out numerical simulations to illustrate these results.
Threshold dynamics and sensitivity analysis of a stochastic semi-Markov switched SIRS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and vaccination
Authors: Zhao Xin , Feng Tao , Wang Liang , Qiu Zhipeng
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a stochastic SIRS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and vaccination is formulated to investigate the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. The model not only incorporates the white noise but also the external environmental noise which is described by semi-Markov process. We first derive the explicit expression for the basic reproduction number of the model. Then the global dynamics of the system is studied in terms of the basic reproduction number and the intensity of white noise, and sufficient conditions for the extinction and persistence of the disease are both provided. Furthermore, we explore the sensitivity analysis of \begin{document}$ R_0^s $\end{document} with each semi-Markov switching under different distribution functions. The results show that the dynamics of the entire system is not related to its switching law, but has a positive correlation to its mean sojourn time in each subsystem. The basic reproduction number we obtained in the paper can be applied to all piecewise-stochastic semi-Markov processes, and the results of the sensitivity analysis can be regarded as a prior work for optimal control.
Fostering Critical Thinking Using Instructional Strategies in English Classes
Authors: Orakcı Şenol , Durnali Mehmet , Aktan Osman
Published: December 2020

The aim of the chapter is to provide both theoretical and practical ideas about critical thinking development within English language teaching contexts. Encouraging language learners to be critical thinkers is important in teaching English as a foreign language. However, achieving the goal remains a challenge. Using various strategies together seem to be effective when properly implemented. Therefore this chapter outlines these strategies which include communicative language tasks, using authentic meaningful texts, using critical literacy, being aware of whole-brain learning, adopting a reflective teaching, enabling students to become autonomous, using explicit instruction, teacher questioning, using active and cooperative learning strategies, using literature in English classes, using creative drama, and adopting self-assessment. Teachers can enable learners to have critical thinking skills and more efficient English lessons by combining these strategies in a new way or by designing critical thinking activities in the classroom.
Information Literacy and Critical Thinking in Higher Education
Authors: White Ann Marie Joanne
Published: December 2020

This chapter acknowledges the widespread recognition of the importance of instruction in the area of information literacy and shows how information literacy and critical thinking, another vital skill demanded in more and more fields of endeavor, can be integrated as institutions seek to prepare their students to be able to function effectively in today's knowledge-based environment. Some attention is given to Information Literacy frameworks which aim to guide the development of information literacy and enhance delivery and assessment in this field. It recognizes the importance of information specialists and faculty in higher education institutions to be able to work together to establish and develop Information Literacy programs that will equip students with the relevant skills to be considered information literate. It also touches briefly on pedagogical approaches that may be taken in the delivery of Information Literacy instruction and emphasizes the importance of assessment as a means of enhancing the ultimate value of the process to students who participate.
Effectiveness of Critical Discourse Analysis to Solve Constrained Employment Relations
Authors: Bhattacharyya Dipak Kumar
Published: December 2020

In employment relationship, power is a dominant construct. Power per se can have adverse effect on institutional employment, which even culminates to conflict and resistance to change. When organizations are constrained by the negativity of workers' power it is difficult to bring order, and even to offer the right solution for lack of problem identification. This book chapter explains the process of interventions in two organizations to solve the problem of constrained employment relations, pertaining to workers' redeployment subsequent to technological change. The author in this case played the role of an interventionist and using primarily the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) could evolve a solution, which ultimately could redeploy most of the erring workmen in restructured job positions, even outside their job family. The book chapter is unique in application of CDA in specific issues pertaining to constrained employment relations. The chapter at the end also discusses on implications for practice of CDA in organizational research, particularly to resolve conflict in employment relations. However, the paper has the inherent limitations as the results are very much organization specific.
The Value of Simulation for Learning Project Management
Authors: Reed April H. , Angolia Mark G.
Published: December 2020

This chapter will explore the value of using computerized simulation case studies to enhance learning in project management education at the undergraduate and graduate college levels. Traditional teaching methods of textbook reading and lectures provide students with a vast number of concepts, processes, tools, and procedures for managing projects. However, it is difficult for students to translate that learning into use in real-life project management situations. Simulations are filling that gap by offering a low-risk environment with lifelike scenarios where students must determine the appropriate project management concept to employ and how to execute it. Simulations allow students to use their newly learned concepts and critical thinking for decision making while receiving immediate feedback which allows the student to make adjustments. This chapter will also discuss the value of these simulations based on the timing of when to introduce them to students during the semester.
Teaching Large Classes
Authors: Lawrence Japhet E.
Published: December 2020

Higher education around the world are experiencing significant growth in student enrolment, as a result, educators face the daunting challenge of teaching larger classes, while improving the quality of instruction and subsequent value delivered to students. Large class can become a daunting task to any teacher who has never taught a large class before and teaching a large group of students can be intimidating for both students and lecturers. The purpose of this article is to identify effective teaching and assessment strategies to address the challenges of teaching in large class environment. It focusses on the idea of student engagement as a strategy to address the challenges faced by large class learning environments. By focusing on student engagement and adapting teaching and assessment strategies to promote critical thinking, it is possible to overcome the challenges posed by large class environments into opportunities for effective student learning. The study provides valuable direction for faculty faced with teaching and supporting large-class environments in higher education.
PAR and Digital Inclusion, An Analysis Using the Capabilities Approach and Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Villalba Sammia Cristina Poveda
Published: December 2020

This paper draws upon the capability approach and critical pedagogy to analyse the value of using Problem-posing Education, a participatory action research method, in a digital inclusion initiative in Brazil. First it the capability approach and explains why using critical pedagogy is a valuable way to deal with issues of power, collective conscientisation and adaptive preference. Freire's pedagogy is then presented and conscientisation is explained as a process of raising critical awareness and praxis. The case study, presents empirical work conducted in Campinas, together with a NGO named CDI, which offers free internet access and basic ICT skills using a Freire's inspired methodology. Findings are then explained and discussed using the theoretical framework. This paper concludes that there is great value in using Freire's critical pedagogy for digital inclusion, but that further research is necessary to identify less resource intense solutions that can provide students with both conscientisation and skills.
The Power of Praxis
Authors: Foster Sandra L. Guzman , Fleenor Stephen J.
Published: December 2020

This chapter introduces the concept of infusing critical thinking and reflection as part of professional development for teachers, as well as provides recommendations for schools to promote critical thinking and reflection as part of teachers' daily practice. Constructs, such as problem posing and dialogue, are introduced to provide examples of promising practices to consider implementing as a means to enhance critical thinking and reflection amongst teachers when participating in professional development. Additionally, professional learning communities and self-directed professional development are introduced as spaces for teachers to practice these constructs to transform their praxis. Providing opportunities for critical thinking and reflection is one of many steps schools and districts must take, to bring about the positive change required for future success of the education system.