bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and firm’s performance: A cross-economy comparison of developed, emerging, and underdeveloped markets
Authors: Naz Iram , Danial Hashmi Syed , Maha Bukhari Syeda
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the firm performance of
underdeveloped, emerging and developed countries in order to determine which country was
more affected. The sample period used in this study is from 2013-2023 and includes more than
300 businesses from 17 countries. This study employed a fixed effect model. The results show
that COVID 19 has significantly impact the firm performance. These results are further
supported by contrasting the predicted and real data. Whereas the investment growth did not
moderate the relation. Compared to less developed and emerging countries, developed
economies have been found to be more affected by COVID-19. Managers can now adjust their
policies to be prepared for the post-endemic phase according to this study. It is beneficial for
the state since it allows them to create policies that address the loss of all industries and sectors
or assist them in advance by foreseeing the loss. It is beneficial for investors to rebalance
portfolios by controlling risk to observe the variability of returns.
Reliability Analysis and Neural-network Modeling of Ship Radar Mast Structure by Adopting Quasi-random Sampling
Authors: Song Chang-Yong
Published: February 2025

Outfitting structures, such as ship radar masts, require a design that considers the vibration and structural strength performance to ensure safe navigation. Nevertheless, reliability analysis considering design uncertainties is required because of the lack of classification rules for such structure design. This study examined the quasi-random sampling process suitable for the design reliability evaluation of radar masts. Neural network modeling was performed for the approximation using quasi-random sampling data regarding the vibration and structural strength performance of radar masts. For statistical reliability analysis, the Sobol sequence method was applied to the sampling process, and the reliability probability with the variation of the sampling number was evaluated. The approximate accuracy of neural network modeling was analyzed according to the variation of sampling number. In the context of research results, setting the quasi-random sampling number to approximately 0.4% of the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) sampling number allowed for a practical design reliability evaluation. A sampling number of approximately 0.2% of the MCS sampling number was found to be sufficient to approximate. Through this study, a quasi-random sampling process suitable for statistical reliability analysis of radar mast structures was determined, and a neural network model with high approximate accuracy was generated.
Studi Komparatif Pengaruh Asam Fosfat terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik NR dan EPDM
Authors: Octaviani Ana Nur , Feriyanto Dafit , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Arti Dewi Kusuma , Nur Hery
Published: February 2025

Natural Rubber (NR) dan Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) adalah material karet yang banyak digunakan dalam komponen otomotif seperti bushing karena sifat elastisitas dan daya tahannya. Namun, paparan bahan kimia agresif seperti asam fosfat dapat memengaruhi sifat mekanik dan fisik kedua material ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perendaman dalam larutan asam fosfat dengan konsentrasi 13% terhadap kekuatan tarik, kekerasan, dan struktur mikro NR dan EPDM. Hasil pengujian menggunakan Mesin (UTM) Universal Testing Machine menunjukkan bahwa NR mengalami penurunan pada kekuatan tarik tegangannya NR sebesar 20,44% dan EPDM sekitar 23,8% setelah perendaman,dan untuk nilai regangannya penurunan NR sebesar 38,3% dan EPDM sekitar 17,43%  disebabkan oleh degradasi rantai polimernya. Penurunan kekerasan NR yang diuhi menggunakan Shore A mencapai 19,2%, sedangkan EPDM hanya sekitar 4,81%. Hasil struktur mikro dengan perbesaran 20x, 50x dan 100x dari kedua jenis karet pun menunjukkan bahwa tidak banyak perubahan yang dapat teramati. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa EPDM lebih unggul dalam aplikasi yang melibatkan paparan bahan kimia seperti asam fosfat, menjadikannya pilihan yang lebih sesuai untuk bushing dalam lingkungan kerja yang agresif.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Pencetak Bata Tempel Semi-Otomatis Untuk UMKM Roster Pondok Pinang Purwakarta
Authors: Agustiawan Iwan , Bagaskara Bryen , Wildany Rafi
Published: February 2025

Bata tempel merupakan salah satu jenis bata yang digunakan sebagai penghias dinding dan juga menambah nilai estetika pada bangunan. Proses produksi bata tempel di UMKM Roster Pondok Pinang Purwakarta saat ini masih secara tradisional, yang dimana prosesnya menjadi lebih lama dan juga hasil pengepresan yang dilakukan tidak stabil dan tidak merata karena terbatas oleh kemampuan operator. Tujuan dari rancang bangun mesin pencetak bata tempel semi-otomatis ini adalah untuk memperoleh hasil perancangan mesin dalam bentuk gambar teknik 2D, assembly, simulasi gerak mesin, dan wujud pembuatan mesin, serta pengujian untuk memperoleh spesifikasi atau kinerja mesin pencetak bata tempel semi-otomatis yang memenuhi kebutuhan. Langkah yang diperlukan untuk mendapatkan target spesifikasi teknis yaitu dengan cara melakukan perhitungan beban pengepresan didapat sebesar 370,8 N, perhitungan jumlah mampu buat sebanyak 180 Pcs/jam, dan perhitungan total daya listrik didapat sebesar 1230 Watt. Tahapan pada proses pembuatan dilakukan dengan proses perancangan manufaktur, proses manufaktur dan proses perakitan. Untuk proses pembuatan meliputi pemotongan, penyambungan, pelubangan, dan finishing. Selanjutnya proses perancangan pengujian dan pengujian kinerja mesin pencetak bata tempel semi-otomatis didapatkan dimensi bata tempel 24 cm x 7 cm x 1,7 cm, kekuatan bata tempel 176.5197 N, jumlah mampu buat 168 pcs/jam dan daya total listrik 1.230 Watt.
On the complexity of computing the “Shuffled Inequality” function in classical and quantum NOBDDs
Authors: Gainutdinova A. F.
Published: February 2025

We investigate Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (OBDDs) — a model for computing Boolean functions. It is known that OBDD’s complexity can extremely depend on the order of reading variables. There are techniques for constructing functions that do not allow choosing the optimal order for reading the input, one of which we use in this paper. A function “Shuffled Inequality” NEQS is presented, for which a lower and an upper bounds for the complexity of nondeterministic OBDD are proved. The upper bound is an improvement of a previously known result. A quantum measure-many non-deterministic OBDD is constructed that is more efficient than the classical one. The hierarchy of complexity classes defined on the basis of OBDD models is clarified.
Nonlocal separable elliptic and parabolic equations and applications
Authors: Shakhmurov V. B. , Musaev Н. К.
Published: February 2025

The regularity properties of nonlocal anisotropic elliptic equations with parameters are investigated in abstract weighted Lp spaces. The equations include the variable coefficients and abstract operator function A = A (x) in a Banach space E in leading part. We find the sufficient growth assumptions on A and appropriate symbol polynomial functions that guarantee the uniformly separability of the linear problem. It is proved that the corresponding anisotropic elliptic operator is sectorial and is also the negative generator of an analytic semigroup. Byusing these results, the existence and uniqueness of maximal regular solution of the nonlinear nonlocal anisotropic elliptic equation is obtained in weighted Lp spaces. In application, the maximal regularity properties of the Cauchy problem for degenerate abstract anisotropic parabolic equation in mixed Lp norms, the boundary value problem for anisotropic elliptic convolution equation, the Wentzel-Robin type boundary value problem for degenerate integro-differential equation and infinite systems of degenerate elliptic integro-differential equations are obtained.
Trace inequalities for measurable operators affiliated to a von Neumann algebra
Authors: Bikchentaev A. M.
Published: February 2025

Let φ be a trace on von Neumann algebra M, A, B ϵ M and ||B|| < 1, [A, B] = AB—BA. Then φ(|[A,B]|) ≤ 2 φ(|A|). Let τ be a faithful normal semifinite trace on M, S(M, τ) be the *-algebra of all τ-measurable operators. If A ϵ L2(M, τ) and Re A = λ|A| with λ ϵ {—1,1}, then A = λ|A|. An operator A ϵ L2(M, τ) is Hermitian if and only if τ(A2) = τ(A*A). Let positive operators A, B ϵ S(M, τ) be invertible in S(M, τ) and Y := (A-1 — B-1)(A — B). If Y, A1/2YA-1/2 ϵ L1(M, τ), then τ(Y) ≤ 0. Let an operator A ϵ S(M, τ) be hyponormal and A = B + iC be its Cartesian decomposition. If 1) BC ϵ L1(M, τ), оr 2) C = C3 ϵ M and [B, C] ϵ L1(M, τ), then A is normal.
A TREATISE ON CONTEMPORARY WORLD ‘AGE OF ANYTHING – CAN – HAPPEN’‘THE TALE OF THE SEEKER THE GRAIL OF LOVE’
Authors: P. Suneetha
Published: February 2025

Rushdie’s latest novel Quichotte1 a literary “embarrass de richesse,”2 runs like a picaresque novel of the Spanish writer’s Don Quixote3 of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra of the 16th century. In fact, it is a strikingly reworking of Cervantes’s work Don Quixote and “a retelling of it and a homage to it.”4 It almost runs like a comic romance that influenced many writers5 at a later date including Sam Du Champ, a mediocre writer of spy thrillers. In the Spanish romance Don Quixote, has had his wits disordered by inordinate devotion to the tales of chivalry and he calls up on to roam the world in search of adventures on his old nag Rocinat. Accompanied by Sancho Panza, his squire, he, with a view to continuing chivalric tradition, elects a beautiful damsel to be the mistress of the heart. So the most commonplace objects assume in his imagination fearful or romantic forms. He names the peasant girl from a neighbouring village Dulcinea del Toboso an honour about which she is entirely unaware. To set right his mental condition, Sanson Carraseo one of his friends, disguises himself as a knight and defeats Don Quixote who is forced to spend his time to lead the life of a shepherd. On his return journey, he dies though many lengthy digressions enrich the plot of the novel. The Spanish novel with its gripping theme of the confrontation of illusion with reality, bore deep impress on multitudes of writers including Salman Rushdie.
THE CREATION OF TRADITIONAL MASKS IN ASSAM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAJULI
Authors: Paul Binoy
Published: February 2025

The Vaisnavite Monasteries are an integral part of the breathtaking Sattras Assam socio-religious and cultural complex, which was established in the 16th century by the esteemed Saint Vaisnavite Srimanta Sankaradeva. Sattras is a truly exceptional institution that encompasses a wide array of socio-religious, cultural, and artistic domains. The Mask or Mukha, due to its portrayal of spiritual beliefs, has historically possessed a distinctive shape in Assam, making it an essential cultural and religious tradition. Masks have been utilized in rituals and festivities across the globe for centuries, and India has a rich cultural heritage in the art of mask-making. Majuli Island in Assam, renowned for its mask-making, holds a special place in the hearts of culture enthusiasts worldwide.
ESSENTIALITY OF UNDERSTANDING AND FOLLOWING AN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY FOR THE UNIVERSE IN PRESENT TIMES
Authors: Chauhan Shlok Sujit Kumar
Published: February 2025

This contemporary world recognized by rapid technological advancements, environmental crises, global and social unrest. The essentiality of understanding and adhering to Indian philosophy particularly to vedas and upnishads cannot be overstated. The upnishads and vedas with their keen insights into nature of reality, self and the universe offer a comprehensive framework for addressing modern challenges. Central principles such as Brahman, Atman, Dharma, Karma and Ahimsa provide valuable guidance and fostering global harmony, sustainable living and personal wellbeing. The upnishads and vedas insights emphasizes on interconnectedness of all life. These doctrines highlight moral responsibility, ecological balance and existence of unity which are necessary for creating sustainable world. This philosophical approach offers pathway to personal, social, environmental and global growth, ethical governance more harmonious and enlightened community, demonstrating its enduring relevance and transformative potential in present times.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Mendukung Merdeka Belajar: Implementasi Kampus Mengajar di SDIT Anak Sholeh 2 Mataram
Authors: Akbar Aulia Rahmayani , Yuniarsih Dilla Khairunnisa , Hidayah Fadila
Published: February 2025

The use of technology becomes crucial in supporting the implementation of this program, especially in the digital era. This study aims to examine the use of technology in supporting Merdeka Belajar, specifically the study of the implementation of the Kampus Mengajar activities at SDIT Anak Sholeh 2 Mataram. This qualitative research with a case study method uses data collected through observation, interviews with students, teachers, and the principal, as well as documentation studies. The results show that technology is used in various aspects, including: (1) creating interactive learning media, (2) utilizing digital learning platforms, and (3) developing students' digital literacy. The use of technology has a positive impact in creating a more interactive, effective, and enjoyable learning process. However, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as limited infrastructure and the digital skills gap. This research provides recommendations for improving the quality of the Kampus Mengajar program and the implementation of Merdeka Belajar in Indonesia
Factors Affecting Language and Narrative Styles in Prose Fiction: A Stylistic Perspective
Authors: Al-Alami Suhair Eyad
Published: February 2025

Prose fiction texts embody a portrayal of feelings, thoughts, and dispositions translated into language worthy of exploration and appreciation. Through exploration and appreciation, the reader is exposed to an intellectual journey of knowledge, skill, and experience. Bearing this in mind, the current paper explores the main factors that may negatively impact the language and narrative styles of a prose fiction text. Two research questions are addressed accordingly: what major factors may negatively impact the language style of a prose fiction text, and what major factors may negatively impact the narrative style of a prose fiction text? Seeking logical answers to the two research inquiries, the author of this paper employed two study devices: a questionnaire comprising nine items and an interview with two questions. The study sample included two categories: avid readers who are members of the book club the author is a member of in Dubai, and university instructors teaching English in the United Arab Emirates. The subjects’ responses to the questionnaire’s items and interview’s questions highlighted several points in terms of the research questions the paper raises. Based on the subjects’ responses and statisticians suggestions, the paper concludes with several recommendations for scholars and researchers to consider regarding how to ensure effective writing of prose fiction texts. Additionally, the paper proposes a framework targeting language and narrative styles of prose fiction for quality outcome purposes.
Security implications of cloud-based enterprise applications: An in-depth review
Authors: Gireesh Kambala
Published: February 2025

The widespread use of enterprise applications in the cloud has reshaped business functions by providing candidates with enhanced scalability and flexibility as well as budget efficiency. Cloud-based enterprise applications provide invaluable advantages but security challenges emerge that need attention to protect data encryption as well as privacy and system accessibility. A thorough analysis investigates the security risks of cloud-based enterprise applications by examining major threat categories alongside data protection and access control issues and compliance requirements together with new dangers within this space. The research suggests actionable best practices that address these security risks through encryption methods interwoven with identity access control and persistent system monitoring and advanced threat identification systems. The paper evaluates how emerging technology tools such as AI and blockchain fit into modern systems along with presenting ongoing research priorities for multi-cloud and hybrid infrastructure integration and quantum computing effects on cloud security. Continued investment in cloud security policy development together with organization and research collaboration and regulator partnership forms the cornerstone for a proactive security solution according to the review. This thorough examination delivers essential knowledge for specialists in cloud computing along with experts in enterprise security.
White Maize (Zea Mays L., 1753) six new lineages Agro-morphological performance In Cote D’Ivoire
Authors: Chigata Lohona SORO  , Brahima TRAORE  , Yao Jacques Edouard KOUADIO  , Sopie Edwige-Salomé YAPO  , Ahou Nadia KANGA  , Yatty Justin KOUADIO
Published: February 2025

Côte d’Ivoire produced 1,176,000 corn tons in 2020. In cereal harvest terms this represents 41%. Thus, for Ivorian populations food self-sufficiency, maize plays a crucial role. Due to that importance and in a national production dropping context, this study objective was to compare six new lines of white colored corn. For that, lineages L1D0, L4D200, L46D300, L72D300, L103D200 and L104D200 phylogenetic resources were used. Their agro-morphological and production characteristics have been evaluated. A significant diversity between studied lineages was highlighted. Ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) revealed that this variability is structured into 3 groups. Thus, group 1 (L46 and L104) characterized by lineages involving small plants with reduced insertion heights, leaf lengths and surface. Then Group 2 (L1(EV8728), L71, L103), not influenced by any factor. Group 3 (L4) contains plants with large diameters and lodging sensitivity high index. Regarding production parameters, 3 Sets were identified. Set 1 (L04, L72, L103 and L104), characterized by high values ​​for variables linked to silk appearance, 50% of pollen released, spike and panicle appearance. Set 2 (L46) showed low spike weight. Set 3 included EV8728(L1), characterized by spike grain number high values. Within this study limits, these results can contribute to a maize productivity program improvement in Côte d'Ivoire.
Predicting autism spectrum disorder through machine learning
Authors: Parwateeswar Gollapalli  , Sana Tabasum  , Sai Kumar Ganta  , Sidhartha Tadaboina  , Aishwarya Gottipamula
Published: February 2025

Since social interaction, speech, and behaviour are all impacted by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), early detection is essential for prompt intervention. Through the analysis of behavioural and demographic data, this study creates a machine learning-based model to predict ASD in children. The system effectively classifies ASD cases using the Random Forest and XGBoost algorithms, making it more accessible than conventional diagnostic techniques. Model training, feature selection, and data preprocessing are all part of the methodology, and accuracy, precision, and recall measures are used to assess performance. In order to improve early diagnosis and intervention for improved cognitive and social development, the model seeks to offer an objective, scalable, and user-friendly screening tool.
Special Core Analysis Model – SCAL Model for CCS: Insights From the First Commercial CO2 Project on the Norwegian Continental Shelf, Northern Lights
Authors:   Equinor ASA, Ebeltoft Einar , Recordon Marion ,   Petoro AS, Meneguolo Renata ,   NL DA, Jacobsen Jorgen Gausdal ,   NL DA, Askarinezhad Reza ,   NORCE, Pitman Richy ,   Equinor ASA
Published: February 2025

Relative permeability and capillary pressure are multiphase flow properties that determine reservoir fluid dynamics for fields in production and for new field developments. These key parameters are characterized by a special core analysis (SCAL) model. For carbon capture and storage projects (CCS), multiphase flow properties are equally important. Interpretation of SCAL experiments and implementation of the SCAL model for full-field simulations will be shared to highlight the impact of the SCAL model uncertainty on the estimation of the carbon dioxide (CO2) storage resource assessment and plume migration for the Northern Lights project—the world’s first open-source CO2 transport and storage infrastructure. In the case of CO2 storage in a saline aquifer like in the Northern Lights project, the flow process is inverse to the hydrocarbon production as water saturation decreases from unity saturation toward a residual water saturation when the CO2 plume propagates through the formation. Therefore, there is a need to provide the SCAL model for the process and system applicable for CCS , i.e., primary drainage type when the CO2 plume develops and residual trapped CO2 when the aquifer later imbibes into the stored CO2.
Nitrogen (N2) has frequently been used by the industry in ambient conditions as a proper analog fluid to CO2 to achieve fluid flow properties without the need for SCAL experiments in resource-demanding reservoir conditions with supercritical CO2. For the SCAL model presented here, we have also included experiments with supercritical CO2 at reservoir conditions. Several multiphase flow experiments have been performed, and comprehensive interpretation work has been performed using the core flow simulations tool Sendra®. The experiments cover steady state for relative permeability, multispeed centrifuge, and porous plate for capillary pressure and residual water saturation, as well as unsteady-state trapped gas experiments to provide data for determination of residual capillary-trapped CO2.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK MENGGUNAKAN PERMAINN ENGKLEK MODIFIKASI
Authors: Sabrianti Rizkika  , Hazizah Nur
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan belum optimalnya kemampuan motorik kasar anak, seperti dalam kemampuan anak dalam melakukan gerakan yang meliputi otot-otot besar dengan contoh anak belum mampu menyeimbangkan tubuh pada saat berlari, anak belum mampu melempar dan menangkap bola, anak belum mampu melakukan gerakan melompat sesuai dengan arahan guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pengumpulan data mengeni dampak permainan engklek modifikasi terhadap kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Pelita Bunda Kabupaten Solok. Penelitian ini menerapkan metodologi kuantitatif dengan bentuk percobaan semu atau quasy eksperiment. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak berusia 5-6 tahun yang berjumlah 30 orang dengan 15 orang anak di kelas B2 atau sebagai kelas kontrol dan 15 orang anak di kelas B3 atau sebagai kelas eksperimen. Proses analisis data melibatkan tes normalitas, tes homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil analisis data penelitian, rata-rata pre-tes untuk kelompok eksperimen adalah 11,87, dan 10,47 untuk kelompok kontrol, sedangkan rata-rata pos-tes untuk kelompok eksperimen adalah 16,80, dan 12,60 untuk kelompok kontrol. Perbedaan tersebut terjadi karena kegiatan engklek modifikasi yang dilakukan di kelas eksperimen dalam kegiatan engklek modifikasi ini anak melakukan lompatan di atas spanduk yang diletakkan dilantai yang sudah didesain oleh peneliti, dimana diatas spanduk tersebut sudah terdapat gambar telapak kaki berwarna yang menarik bagi anak, pada permainan engklek modifikasi anak anak tidak hanya melakukan lompatan satu kaki atau dua kaki namun pada permainan ini anak juga melakukan latihan keseimbangan tubuh bagi anak. Hal ini dibuktikan pada hasil uji hipotesis dimana pada hasil hipotesis terbukti bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, Dimana Ha menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan permainan engklek modifikasi terhadap kemampuan motoric kasar anak di TK Pelita Bunda Kabupaten Solok dan H0 menyatakan tidak terdapat pengaaruh penggunaan permainan engklek modifikassi terhadap kemampuan motoric kasar anak di TK Pelita Bunda Kabupaten Solok
Implementasi Literasi Budaya Minangkabau "Kato Nan Ampek" di Taman Kanak-kanak Negeri 2 Padamg
Authors: Hardifa Oktaviandari , Yeni Indra
Published: February 2025

Literasi budaya Minangkabau dalam pendidikan anak usia dini bertujuan mengenalkan adat istiadat, norma, dan nilai-nilai budaya Minangkabau untuk melestarikan serta mengembangkan warisan budaya tersebut. Salah satu elemen penting dari budaya Minangkabau yang perlu diwariskan adalah Kato Nan Ampek, istilah dalam bahasa Minangkabau yang merujuk pada aturan sosial dan norma dalam penggunaan bahasa sesuai dengan konteks hubungan antara pembicara dan pendengar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan literasi budaya Minangkabau, khususnya Kato Nan Ampek, di TK Negeri 2 Padang. Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi merupakan alat utama pengumpulan data dalam penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa literasi budaya Minangkabau “Kato Nan Ampek” diterapkan melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Budaya Alam Minangkabau (BAM) yang dilaksanakan setelah jam sekolah. Dalam kegiatan tersebut, anak-anak belajar tentang berbagai aspek budaya Minangkabau, termasuk penerapan Kato Nan Ampek dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Evaluasi perkembangan literasi budaya anak dilakukan melalui catatan anekdot dan menilai bagaimana anak-anak mengaplikasikan nilai-nilai budaya dalam kehidupan mereka. Kesimpulannya, implementasi literasi budaya Minangkabau di TK Negeri 2 Padang berlangsung dengan efektif melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, yang memungkinkan anak-anak untuk belajar dan menerapkan nilai-nilai budaya Minangkabau, terutama Kato Nan Ampek dalam kegiatan sehari-hari mereka.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA BALOK CUISENAIRE TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP BILANGAN DAN AKTIVITAS ANAK USIA 3-4 TAHUN
Authors: Sulistina Reni , Astuti Retno Dwi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan (1) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire berpengaruh terhadap pengusaan konsep bilangan anak kelompok Bermain, (2) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire terhadap aktivitas anak kelompok Bermain, (3) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire berpengaruh terhadap pengusaan konsep bilangan dan aktivitas anak kelompok Bermain. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan Noneequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada KB Az-Zahwa Sugihan Kecamatan Kampak Kabupaten Trenggalek. Data digali  menggunakan lembar observasi, analisis data statistik deskriptif dan Statistik Inferensial (ANOVA dan MANOVA) dengan alpha < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap penguasaan konsep bilangan, hal ini terbukti dari hasil uji ANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai nilai Fhitung sebesar 163,303 lebih besar  dari Ftabel sebesar 4,01, (2) penggunaan media  berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap aktivitas anak,  hal ini terbukti dar hasil uji ANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai nilai Fhitung sebesar 9,097 lebih besar  dari Ftabel 4,01, (3) penggunaan media  berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap penguasaan konsep bilangan dan aktivitas anak, hal ini terbukti dari hasil uji MANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai signifikan Fhitung sebesar 13.485 lebih besar  dari Ftabel 4,01
Pengaruh Eksperimen Pelangi Terhadap Kemampuan Sains Anak Di Taman Kanak-kanak Nur Ilaahi Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang
Authors: Pratiwi Velina , Yaswinda Yaswinda
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini di dasarkan pada pentingnya pengembangan kemampuan sains pada anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Nur Ilaahi Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang. Kemampuan sains dapat dikembangkan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan menggunakan eksperimen pelangi. Pembelajaran sains akan memberikan banyak pengetahuan dan pengalaman langsung pada anak karena anak langsung yang melakukan percobaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode eksperimen pelangi terhadap kemampuan sains anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Nur Ilaahi Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang. Kemampuan sains anak tersebut meliputi proses sains, pengetahuan sains dan sikap sains.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan bentuk Quasy Eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh murid Taman Kanak-kanak Nur Ilaahi Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang, dengan sampelnya yaitu kelas B1 dan B3 masing-masingnya berjumlah 11 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi terstruktur. Dan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis. Kemudian data diolah dengan uji perbedaan (t-test) menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SPSS 29.0 for windows.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa kemampuan sains anak di kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan metode eksperimen pelangi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Rata-rata pre-test kelas eksperimen 12 dan kelas kontrol 11,90, sedangkan rata-rata post-test kelas eksperimen 29,36 dan kelas kontrol 27,45. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan uji-t dengan bantuan SPSS dapat diketahui bahwa Sig (2-tailed) adalah sebesar 0,013 < 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode eksperimen pelangi dapat berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan sains anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Nur Ilaahi Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang dengan perolehan data yang meningkat.
PENGARUH MEDIA PAPAN GEOMETRI TERHADAP MATEMATIKA AWAL ANAK USIA DINI DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK ISLAM AL AZHAR 32 PADANG
Authors: Meiriza Egidia Puty , Zulminiati Zulminiati
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan permasalahan rendahnya kemampuan matematika awal anak mengenal bentuk geometri di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang. Hal ini terjadi karena kurang menariknya penggunaan media dalam penegenalan matematika awal anak, Sehingga anak mudah bosan ketika diajarkan mengenai bentuk geometri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi seberapa besar pengaruh media papan geometri terhadap matematika awal anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitaf dengan pendekatan eksperiemn dalam bentuk quasy eksperiemen.  Menggunakan sampel penelitian di kelmpok A yang terdiri dari 10 anak di kelas eksperimen dan 10 anak di kelas kontrol. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis, untuk menguji perbedaan kemampuan matematika awal anak sesudah dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil analisis data penelitian, rata-rata pre-test untuk kelas eksperimen 18,7 dan 18,7 untuk kelompok kontrol, sedangkan rata-rata post-test untuk kelompok eksperimen adalah 24,7 dan 20,2 untuk kelas kontrol. Perbedaan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa untuk kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan media papan geometri dan kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan media balok adalah homogen. Hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan signifikan karena penggunaan media papan geometri memiliki keunggulan dalam mengembangkan kemampuan matematika awal anak. Keunggulan dari penggunaan media papan geometri dalam penelitian ini dapat dilakukan anak saat penggunaannya seperti mengenal bentuk, mengenal warna, membedakan ukuran dan mengurutkan berdasarkan besar-kecil. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media papan geometri terhadap kemampuan matematika awal anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang.
Strategi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Literasi Anak Usia Dini melalui Kegiatan Sehari-hari
Authors: Ismawati Dwi , Puspita Yenda , Hutahuruk Lenni Mantili , Lazfihma Lazfihma , Afrodita Meli , Sari Dwi Lyna
Published: February 2025

litian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi guru dalam mengembangkan kemampuan literasi anak usia dini melalui kegiatan sehari-hari. Literasi pada anak usia dini merupakan fondasi penting yang mendukung kemampuan berbahasa, berpikir kritis, dan keterampilan sosial. Strategi berbasis kegiatan sehari-hari, seperti membaca cerita, bernyanyi, permainan berbasis bahasa, serta penggunaan media digital secara bijak, terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan minat dan keterampilan literasi anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi pada guru-guru TK Se Kecamatan Tuah Medani Pekanbaru sebagai subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak yang terlibat dalam kegiatan literasi sehari-hari lebih antusias dan aktif, serta mengalami perkembangan signifikan dalam kosakata dan pemahaman bahasa. Dukungan orang tua juga memegang peran penting dalam memperkuat pengalaman literasi anak di rumah. Kesimpulannya, sinergi antara guru dan orang tua dalam menciptakan pengalaman literasi yang menyenangkan dan bermakna menjadi kunci untuk membangun kemampuan literasi yang kuat pada anak usia dini, sehingga mempersiapkan mereka untuk jenjang pendidikan berikutnya
DA’I FASHION AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION: Public Perspectives in Southern Tapanuli
Authors: Rafiq Mohd. , Dianto Icol
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This study examines how religious values, social norms, and cultural expectations influence public perceptions of preacher attire in regions deeply rooted in local traditions. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews and participatory observation for data collection. The research sample consisted of purposefully selected local community members from diverse age groups and social backgrounds. The findings indicate that preacher fashion in South Tapanuli is perceived as a reflection of religious devotion and personal integrity. Traditional clothing styles, along with accessories such as the peci and sarong, symbolize commitment to Islamic principles and respect for local customs. However, some view certain aspects of preacher attire as a marker of exclusivity or social status. Overall, the community perceives preacher fashion as a bridge between religious identity and local culture, serving as both a medium for da’wah and a representation of social values.

Keywords: Islamic propagation, Da’i, Perception, Fashion, Southern Tapanuli, Non-verbal Communication
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA TELENFERMAGEM NO PERÍODO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO MEDIATO E TARDIO
Authors: Silvestre dos Santos Azevedo Ana Paula , Burguez Romero Lilian , Alves Ferreira Rosilene , Bernardo Bueno Andressa Aline , Amado Baptista dos Santos Diana , Duarte Chança Raphael , Silva Fassarella Cintia
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: mapear as características do processo de implementação da telenfermagem no pós-operatório mediato e tardio de todas as especialidades cirúrgicas. Método: Trata-se de protocolo de revisão de escopo conduzido pelo método JBI. Foi registrado no Open Science Framework. A questão da revisão foi: quais são as características do processo de implementação da telenfermagem no período pós-operatório mediato e tardio? Serão consultadas as bases de dados: Medline, CINAHL, Scopus e Embase via Elsevier, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Web of Science. E literatura cinzenta será consultada a Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, WordCat e o Google Acadêmico, além dos sites de instituições nacionais e internacionais referente ao objeto. Os estudos selecionados serão exportados para a plataforma de seleção Rayyan, removido duplicatas. Os títulos e resumos serão revisados por dois pesquisadores independentes, os conflitos serão resolvidas por meio de reunião de consenso ou consultando um terceiro revisor, após ocorrerá a leitura na íntegra. A extração dos dados ocorrerá por dois revisores independentes utilizando um instrumento de extração de dados adaptado do modelo proposto pelo JBI.
William Least Heat-Moon’s American Travels: Representing Spaces through the American Road Narrative
Authors:   NOVA University of Lisbon, Carletto Alice
Published: February 2025

William Least Heat-Moon embarked on a road trip across the United States in 1978, after having lost his job as a professor and after divorcing. With his van, called Ghost Dancing, after Native American ceremonies, Heat-Moon hits the open road for three months, travelling only through the backroads of America, with the intention to find pristine places. These experiences on the road are recounted in his well-known road book Blue Highways: A Journey into America (1982). The aim of this article is to discuss the representation of space—natural and manmade—within Heat-Moon’s Blue Highways, using ecocritical and geocritical studies as a methodological mapping for the analysis. Applying the ecocritical and geocritical approaches will contribute to provide a more comprehensive study on the topic of space, leading also to a reconsideration of the genre of the American road narrative, and consequently, providing new insights on mobilities and space studies.
[Commentary] The parasite-mediated domestication hypothesis: on the common cause of known domestication mechanisms
Authors: Skok Janko
Published: February 2025

The parasite-mediated domestication hypothesis (PMD) brings a new aspect to the understanding of animal domestication. Basically, the PMD draws from the assumption that the conditions underlying the domestication process in animals (particularly mammals) and thus the domestication syndrome/phenotypes had a common cause, namely parasites (particularly endoparasites – helminths and protozoa). The PMD does not stand in contrast to its predecessors. Neither the fundamental work of Belyaev (fox experiment, destabilising selection) nor that of Wilkins and colleagues (neural crest cells deficits during embryonic development), which both elucidated and explained the developmental mechanisms of the domestication syndrome. PMD goes further and proposes an initial trigger for the modulation of these mechanisms and thus for the developmental changes that then lead to the domestication syndrome. As appeals to explain the underlying mechanisms of PMD have emerged, this commentary will attempt to provide some more clarity on the PMD rationale. In fact, PMD is basically a causal hypothesis and simply states that the known developmental mechanisms leading to domestication syndrome, all of which have been well explained previously, are triggered by parasites (endoparasites in particular).
Two-band superconductivity and transition temperature limited by thermal fluctuations in ambient pressure La3-xPrxNi2O7-d(x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) thin films
Authors: Talantsev Evgeny F.
Published: February 2025

Recently, two research groups [1–3] reported on the observation of ambient pressure superconductivity in a few nanometres thick La3-xPrxNi2O7-d (x = 0.0, 0.15, 1.0) films with the T(c,onset)≅40 K and T(c,zero)≤14 K. Here I have analyzed the reported self-field critical current density, Jc(sf,T), and upper critical field, Bc2(T), for these films [1–3] and showed that the La3-xPrxNi2O7-d films exhibit a large in-plane London penetration depth, λab(0)=1.9-6.8 μm, and the Ginzburg-Landau parameter κc(0)=500-1000. Deduced λab(0) values are within uncertainty range for independently reported [2] λab(T=1.8 K)=(3.7±1.9) μm. Such large values of λab(0) explain a wide resistive transition inLa3-xPrxNi2O7-d films [1–3], because large λab(0) implies low superfluid density, ρs≡1/(λab)^2, and therefore large thermal fluctuations. Consequently, I calculated the phase fluctuation temperature, T(fluc), and found that the T(c,zero)<T(fluc). I also found that Jc(sf,T) and Bc2(T) data are nicely fitted to two-band gap models, from which the preference has been given to two-band (s+s)-wave model (for which the ratios of (2ΔL (0))/(kBT(c,L))≅3.6-4.0 and (2ΔS (0))/(kBT(c,S))=1.0-3.0 are for the larger and smaller bands, respectively). Besides I showed that bulk highly compressed Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n = 2,3) and ambient pressure Lan+1NinO2n+2 (n = 5) thin film also demonstrate evidences for two-band superconductivity.
AI Feedback in Education: The Impact of Prompt Design and Human Expertise on LLM Performance
Authors: Jacobsen Lucas Jasper , Rohlmann Jonathan , Weber Kira Elena
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the potential of large language models (LLMs) as tools for high-quality feedback in higher education, emphasizing the critical role of prompt design and human supervision. Addressing challenges such as time constraints for educators and variability in feedback quality, two empirical studies evaluate feedback generated by ChatGPT-4, Claude 3, and Gemini Advanced. Study 1 examines the influence of prompt structures on feedback quality, contributing robust evidence to a manual for effective prompt engineering. Study 2 compares 459 pieces of LLM-generated feedback on learning goals from 153 pre-service teachers across nine quality dimensions. Findings reveal that domain specificity and clarity in criteria within prompts significantly enhance feedback quality, with ChatGPT-4 outperforming in all categories of feedback quality, except errors. While Claude 3 demonstrates minimal content errors, Gemini Advanced provides balanced but lower-quality feedback. These results underscore that prompt engineering is a learnable skill for educators and students, aligning with the call for AI literacy in education. By combining expertly crafted prompts with human oversight, this research provides a framework to address the feedback challenges in higher education.
Any notebook served: authoring and sharing reusable interactive widgets
Authors: Manz Trevor , Gehlenborg Nils , Abdennur Nezar
Published: February 2025

The open-source Jupyter project has fostered a robust ecosystem around notebook-based computing, resulting in diverse Jupyter-compatible platforms (e.g., JupyterLab, Google Colab, VS Code). Jupyter Widgets extend these environments with custom visualizations and interactive elements that communicate directly with user code and data. While this bidirectional communication makes the widget system powerful, its architecture is currently tightly coupled to platforms. As a result, widgets are complex and error-prone to author and distribute, limiting the potential of the wider widget ecosystem. Here we describe the motivation and approach behind the anywidget project, a specification and toolset for portable and reusable web-based widgets in interactive computing environments. It ensures cross-platform compatibility by using the web browser’s built-in module system to load these modules from the notebook kernel. This design simplifies widget authorship and distribution, enables rapid prototyping, and lowers the barrier to entry for newcomers. Anywidget is compatible with not just JCPs but any web-based notebook platform or authoring environment and is already adopted by other projects. Its adoption has sparked a widget renaissance, improving reusability, interoperability, and making interactive computing more accessible.
Measuring Descriptive Representation at Scale: Methods for Predicting the Race and Ethnicity of Public Officials
Authors: Lee Diana Da In , Velez Yamil Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Political scientists have increasingly relied on Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) to predict individual-level race and ethnicity using surnames and geographic information. However, these predictions are prone to systematic measurement error when geographic variables are included as independent variables, leading to bias and an increased likelihood of false positives. We compare five estimation methods, including approaches that use names, geography, and images. We find that a hybrid approach that combines surname-based Bayesian estimation with the use of publicly available images in a convolutional neural network not only reduces bias in downstream analyses, but also improves predictive accuracy in a sample of over 16,000 local elected officials. We conclude with a discussion of ethical considerations and describe domains where the hybrid approach might be especially suitable.
The right turn: Modeling driver yielding behavior to e-scooter riders
Authors: Rasch Alexander , Morando Alberto , Thalya Prateek
Published: February 2025

Electric scooters (e-scooters) are a relatively new and popular means of personal transportation in many cities. Unfortunately, they have been involved in crashes with other road users with whom they share the infrastructure. Crashes with motorized vehicles are particularly critical since they result in more severe injuries or even fatalities. While previous work has highlighted the consequences of failed interactions, we know little about how drivers interact with e-scooters and how to improve such interactions. In this paper, we conducted a test-track experiment to study how drivers negotiate a right turn at an intersection with an e-scooter. Using Bayesian regression, we modeled whether drivers yield to the e-scooter according to the projected post-encroachment time and approaching speed, and we were able to predict drivers’ intentions with an AUC of 0.94 and an accuracy of 0.82 in cross-validation. The model coefficients indicate that drivers yield less often when approaching the intersection at a higher speed or larger projected gap. We further modeled drivers’ braking timing (time-to-arrival) and strength (mean deceleration), yielding an RMSE of 1.42 s and 0.33 m/s^2, respectively. Being a reference for driver behavior when interacting with an e-scooter rider, the model can be integrated into simulations and inform the development driver support system to warn drivers more effectively.
A new fossil buffalo from the Shungura Formation (Ethiopia), and the role of size- shape allometry in the diversification of Syncerus
Authors: Bibi Faysal , Boisserie Jean-Renaud
Published: February 2025

Allometry, the relationship between shape and size, plays a pivotal role in the diversification of phenotypes. The African buffalo, Syncerus caffer, the only surviving member of an extensive Pliocene-Pleistocene African bovin diversity, exhibits considerable morphological variability among extant populations. The extent to which size-shape allometry contributed to this variability, and potentially also to diversification of species of Syncerus, has remained unresolved due to limited fossil material. This study describes a nearly complete fossil cranium aged ~2.6 Ma from the Shungura Formation in southern Ethiopia, designated as the holotype of a new species. The new species, characterized by small size and short, divergent horns, shares similarities with populations of extant forest-dwelling Sy. caffer. Using 3D geometric morphometrics on fossil and extant bovins, we demonstrated that size-shape allometry accounts for a significant portion of cranial shape variation within Bovini, and that the new species is located close to small-sized and juvenile individuals of extant Sy. caffer. Our findings suggest that the newly described species represents an ancestral morphological template for the evolution of Syncerus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the phenotypic diversification of African buffaloes. These results enhance our understanding of size-shape dynamics in bovin evolution and shed light on the early evolutionary history of Syncerus.