bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Temperature, High‐Pressure Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, and Structural Relationships of Mixed‐Alkali Metals Uranyl Silicates.
Authors: Chen Yi‐Hsin , Liu Hsin‐Kuan , Chang Wen‐Jung , Tzou Der‐Lii , Lii Kwang‐Hwa
Published: June 2016

The new mixed alkali metal uranyl silicates (V), (VII), and (VIII) are characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Nd8Co4‐xAlxGe2C3: A Case Study in Flux Growth of Lanthanide‐Rich Intermetallics.
Authors: Zhou Sixuan , Latturner Susan E.
Published: June 2016

Nd8Co4‐xAlxGe2C3 (x ≅ 0.65) is prepared by reaction of Ge and carbon in a Nd/Co eutectic flux (alumina crucible in evacuated silica tubes, 950 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Tetralins and Benzosuberans via BF3·OEt2‐Mediated Formal [4 + 2] and [5 + 2] Stereocontrolled Cyloaddition of 4‐Alkenols with Veratrol.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Cheng Yu‐Chieh
Published: June 2016

BF3·OEt2 mediated formal [4 + 2] and [5 + 2] cycloaddition of 4‐alkenols with oxygenated benzenes gives sulfonyltetralins and benzosuberans, resp., in a stereoselective fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoredox Catalysis for Oxygenation/Deoxygenation Between Sulfides and Sulfoxides by Visible‐Light‐Responsive Polyoxometalates.
Authors: Suzuki Kosuke , Jeong Jinu , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: June 2016

Sulfides are oxygenated to sulfoxides under oxygen using a silicotungstate as catalyst and Ce3+ as electron transfer mediator.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Nucleophilic Difluoromethylation of Enolizable Ketones with CHF2TMS/HMPA.
Authors: Michurin Oleg M. , Radchenko Dmytro S. , Komarov Igor V.
Published: June 2016

A novel protocol for the direct difluoromethylation of enolizable ketones is achieved with TmsCHF2 in the presence of CsF/HMPA as additives.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Mediated N—O Bond Cleavage for α‐Amination of Ketones Through the Aromatic Nitroso Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Ramakrishna Isai , Sahoo Harekrishna , Baidya Mahiuddin
Published: June 2016

A series of amino ketones is prepared by a nitroso aldol reaction of aromatic nitroso compounds with disilanyl enol esters and a subsequent N—O bond cleavage by treatment with phenylboronic acid or during the purification by silica gel column chromatography.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoredox Catalyst‐Mediated Direct Regioselective Phosphonylation of Indoles.
Authors: Zhao Zijian , Min Zehui , Dong Wanrong , Peng Zhihong , An Delie
Published: June 2016

An efficient hetero‐cross‐dehydrogenative‐coupling reaction for the formation of 2‐indolylphoshites (III) is referred.
ChemInform Abstract: A Dramatic Enhancing Effect of InBr3 Towards the Oxidative Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reaction of 2‐Ethynylanilines.
Authors: Ikeda A. , Omote M. , Kusumoto K. , Komori M. , Tarui A. , Sato K. , Ando A.
Published: June 2016

The addition of InBr3 to the oxidative Sonogashira reaction of aryl acetylenes (I) and (V) with silane (II) leads to a dramatic increase in reactivity to afford the corresponding 1,3‐enynes (III) and (VI), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboxylative Cyclization of Propargylic Amines with CO2 Catalyzed by Dendritic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene—Gold(I) Complexes.
Authors: Fujita Ken‐ichi , Inoue Kensuke , Sato Junichi , Tsuchimoto Teruhisa , Yasuda Hiroyuki
Published: June 2016

Amphiphilic dentritic NHC‐gold complexes are employed as catalysts for the cyclization of propargyl amines and CO2 to give oxazolidinones under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential 1,4‐/1,2‐Addition of Lithium(trimethylsilyl)diazomethane onto Cyclic Enones to Induce C—C Fragmentation and N—Li Insertion.
Authors: O'Connor Matthew J. , Sun Chunrui , Guan Xinyu , Sabbasani Venkata R. , Lee Daesung
Published: June 2016

Cyclic α,β‐unsaturated ketones undergo double additions with lithium(trimethylsilyl)diazomethane, effectively generating various molecular frameworks with complexity and diversity.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Indenofurans and Indenopyridines via Annulation of Heterocyclic Ketene Aminals, o‐Phthalaldehyde and Cyclic 1,3‐Diketones.
Authors: Sun Feilong , Shao Xusheng , Li Zhong
Published: June 2016

The synthesis involves an aldol condensation, a regioselective aza‐ene reaction, imine‐enamine tautomerization, and an intramolecular cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Neutral α‐Amino C—H Functionalization: When the Catalyst is also the Nucleophile.
Authors: Shaaban Saad , Oh Joongsuk , Maulide Nuno
Published: June 2016

This method relies on the utilization of hydrazine derivatives both as a catalyst for generation of aryl radical intermediates and as the nucleophile.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Addition of Aryl/Benzyl Halides and Pseudohalides to Carbodiimides for the Synthesis of Amides.
Authors: Panahi Farhad , Jamedi Fereshteh , Iranpoor Nasser
Published: June 2016

In the presence of Zn/MgCl2 as reductant and NiCl2(dppf) as the catalyst carbodiimides undergo reductive addition to benzyl or aryl halides and pseudohalides such as triflates, pivalates, acetates, and tosylates to provide a synthesis of a variety of N‐substituted amides.
ChemInform Abstract: TfOH‐Catalyzed Reaction of Bispropargyl Alcohols with 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Teng Qinghu , Mo Shikun , Pan Jiankun , Wu Na , Wang Hengshan , Pan Yingming
Published: June 2016

1,3‐Di‐ and 1,2,3‐trisubstituted benzenes are prepared by TfOH‐promoted selective Csp3‐Csp2 σ‐bond cleavage of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds in one‐pot.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound‐Promoted Synthesis of β‐Amino Carbonyl Compounds via a Mannich Reaction Catalyzed by Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Qian Hua , Kai Wang , Zhen Juejie
Published: June 2016

The caprolactam‐based Broensted acidic ionic liquid catalyst can be recycled and reused up to five times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II) Complexes of the Hemilabile Pincer Ligand PPh(o‐C6H4SMe)2 as Highly Active and Recyclable Mizoroki—Heck Catalysts.
Authors: Luquin Asuncion , Castillo Noelia , Cerrada Elena , Merchan Francisco L. , Garrido Julian , Laguna Mariano
Published: June 2016

Palladium(II)‐complexes containing PPh(o‐C6H4SMe)2 as pincer ligand are synthesized and the complex (PDC) is utilized as highly efficient and recyclable catalyst for the Mizoroki—Heck reaction of iodobenzene with styrene or methyl acrylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Scalable, Easy Synthesis, and Efficient Isolation of Arylnitromethanes: A Revival of the Victor Meyer Reaction.
Authors: Alaime Thibaud , Delots Audrey , Pasquinet Eric , Suzenet Franck , Guillaumet Gerald
Published: June 2016

Reaction of benzyl‐type halides with AgNO2 allows the moderately efficient synthesis of arylnitromethanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized 3‐Bromoindenes via Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of o‐(Alkynyl)styrenes: Taking Dioxygen as Sole Oxidant.
Authors: Zhou Peng , Liu Weibing , Qiu Huihua
Published: June 2016

Intramolecular Pd‐catalyzed cyclization of various o‐(alkynyl)styrenes includes bromopalladation/Heck cross‐coupling/β‐H elimination using oxygen as an oxidant affords 3‐bromoindenes of type (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Glycosyl β‐Lactam from Glycosyl β‐Amino Esters.
Authors: Prasad Virendra , Mishra Nidhi , Mishra Kunj B. , Shashi Somesh , Tiwari Vinod K.
Published: June 2016

The title lactams are conveniently obtained under mild reaction conditions using less expensive and easily available nontoxic reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 3,3‐Dimethylazetidines via an Intramolecular Iodine‐Mediated Cyclization Reaction.
Authors: Jin Hai‐Shan , Sun Rui , Zhou Wei , Zhao Li‐Ming
Published: June 2016

The title compounds are prepared by intramolecular cyclization of γ‐prenylated amines in good yields with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Construction of an Indole‐Based 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofuran Scaffold via Catalytic Asymmetric [3 + 2] Cyclizations of Quinone Monoimides with 3‐Vinylindoles.
Authors: Sun Xiao‐Xue , Zhang Hong‐Hao , Li Guo‐Hao , Meng Li , Shi Feng
Published: June 2016

The title reaction proceeds well with various vinylindoles using spiro‐chiral phosphoric acid as a powerful chiral catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Amine‐Thiourea‐Catalyzed Sulfa‐Michael/Nitroaldol Cascade Approach to 3,4,5‐Substituted Tetrahydrothiophenes Bearing a Quaternary Stereocenter.
Authors: Meninno Sara , Volpe Chiara , Della Sala Giorgio , Capobianco Amedeo , Lattanzi Alessandra
Published: June 2016

An organocatalytic reaction cascade towards highly functionalized thiophene derivatives is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrroles Using a Titanium‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling Procedure.
Authors: Pasko Cody M. , Dissanayake Amila A. , Billow Brennan S. , Odom Aaron L.
Published: June 2016

The Ti‐catalyzed iminoamination reaction of alkynes, aniline or cyclohexylamine, and tert‐butyl isocyanide produces 1,3‐diimines, which are directly coupled with glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride to give 2‐carboxypyrrole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Au(I)/Chiral Tertiary Amine Catalysis: A Tandem C—H Functionalization of Anisoles or a Thiophene/Asymmetric Michael Addition Sequence to Quaternary Oxindoles.
Authors: Cao Zhong‐Yan , Zhao Yu‐Lei , Zhou Jian
Published: June 2016

The applied chiral tertiary amine catalyst is readily prepared in one step.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of 3‐Sulfenylindoles by Sulfonyl Hydrazides Using Organic Ionic Base‐Broensted Acid.
Authors: Rahaman Rajjakfur , Devi Namita , Sarma Kuladip , Barman Pranjit
Published: June 2016

Sulfenylindoles are prepared via a DBU‐based ionic liquid‐promoted sulfenylation of indoles using sulfonyl hydrazides as thiol surrogate.
ChemInform Abstract: Double π‐Bond Isomerization/Friedel—Crafts Reaction Involving γ‐Amidocronates:Access to γ‐Aryl/Heteroaryl GABA Scaffolds and Dihydropyrido[1,2‐a]indoles.
Authors: Srivastava Anvita , Samanta Sampak
Published: June 2016

The convenient one‐pot method involves Et3N mediated π‐bond isomerization of substrates (I) followed by Friedel—Crafts reaction with various indoles, electron‐rich arenes, and 2‐methylfuran to give γ‐aminobutyric acid analogues.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Indoles from Alkynes and Anilines Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Double C—H Activation Using O2 as the Oxidant.
Authors: Shi Dunfa , Guan Zhipeng , Yao Xiuwen , Shi Wei , Chen Hao
Published: June 2016

One‐pot synthesis of substituted indoles from cyanoalkynes and anilines through Palladium catalyzed double C—H activation is successfully developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Straightforward Approach to Tetrahydroindolo[3,2‐b]carbazoles and 1‐Indolyltetrahydrocarbazoles Through [3 + 3] Cyclodimerization of Indole‐Derived Cyclopropanes.
Authors: Ivanova Olga A. , Budynina Ekaterina M. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Skvortsov Dmitriy A. , Trushkov Igor V. , Melnikov Mikhail Ya.
Published: June 2016

Biologically relevant bisindols, e.g. (II) and (IV), are produced via cyclodimerization of indole‐based donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes (I) and (III), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Three‐Component Reaction of Acid Chlorides, Terminal Alkynes and Hydrazines Leading to Pyrazoles.
Authors: Chen Qiurong , Yao Fang , Yin Lin , Cai Mingzhong
Published: June 2016

The heterogeneous palladium catalyst exhibits higher catalytic activity than PdCl2(PPh3)2 and can be reused for at least ten consecutive runs without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: BiCl3 — An Eco‐Friendly Catalyst for an Efficient Synthesis of Benzoxazoles at Room Temperature
Authors: Patil Vishvanath D. , Sutar Nagesh R. , Patil Ketan P. , Giddh Prathamesh
Published: June 2016

starting from aminophenol and various aromatic/heteroaromatic aldehydes
ChemInform Abstract: Phthalimide‐N‐oxyl Salts: Efficient Organocatalysts for Facile Synthesis of (Z)‐3‐Methyl‐4‐(arylmethylene)‐isoxazole‐5(4H)‐one Derivatives in Water.
Authors: Dekamin Mohammad G. , Peyman S. Zahra
Published: June 2016

Phthalimide‐N‐oxyl salts efficiently catalyze the multicomponent reaction of acetoacetate (I) with aromatic aldehydes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in H2O furnishing isoxazolone derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Catalyzed Intramolecular C—S Coupling Reactions: Synthetic Scope and Mechanistic Insight.
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Pathare Ramdas S. , Maurya Antim K. , Gopal Kandasamy , Roy Tapta Kanchan , Sawant Devesh M. , Pardasani Ram T.
Published: June 2016

Kinetic, isotope labeling, and computational studies reveal the involvement of an electrophilic ruthenation pathway instead of a direct C—H activation for this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Acetate Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles: A Versatile Azide‐Alkene Cycloaddition/Oxidation Approach.
Authors: Rohilla Sandeep , Patel Shyam Sunder , Jain Nidhi
Published: June 2016

Copper acetate is described as inexpensive catalyst for the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azides to terminal and internal alkenes to give 1,4‐di‐ and 1,4,5‐trisubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles after oxidation with air.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis by β‐Cyclodextrin Hydrate — Synthesis of 2,2‐Disubstituted 2H‐Chromenes in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Ghatak Avishek , Khan Sagar , Bhar Sanjay
Published: June 2016

A cost‐effective, operationally simple, and eco‐compatible protocol for the one‐pot synthesis of photochromic pyrans under ambient atmosphere in aqueous medium by using β‐cyclodextrin hydrate as catalyst is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxypalladation Initiating the Oxidative Heck Reaction with Alkenyl Alcohols: Synthesis of Isocoumarin—Alkanones.
Authors: Zheng Meifang , Huang Liangbin , Tong Qizhen , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: June 2016

This one‐pot Pd‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of internal alkynes with alkenyl alcohols is advantageous with regards to mild conditions, good functional group tolerance and can be performed with unactivated alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Isocoumarin‐Fused Enediyne Systems Through the Electrophilic Cyclization of Methyl o‐(Buta‐1,3‐diynyl)benzoates.
Authors: Danilkina Natalia A. , Gurskaya Larisa Y. , Vasilyev Aleksander V. , Balova Irina A.
Published: June 2016

Electrophilic cyclization of diynylbenzoates (I) followed by Sonogashira coupling of the resulting 4‐iodoisocoumarins with acetylenes affords the title products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Selective C—H Functionalization of NNN Tridentate Chelating Compounds via a Rollover Pathway.
Authors: Hong Seung Youn , Kwak Jaesung , Chang Sukbok
Published: June 2016

An unprecedented NHC‐catalyzed bis‐alkylation of N,N,N‐tridentate chelating molecules is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 8‐Heteroaryl Nitroxoline Analogues via One‐Pot Sequential Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Brodnik Helena , Pozgan Franc , Stefane Bogdan
Published: June 2016

A series of title compounds (III) are prepared by Suzuki—Miyaura‐coupling of organoboron reagents (II) with bromoquinolines (I).
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Sulfonated Quinoline Diones by Copper Catalyzed Sulfonylation of Activated Alkenes with Sulfonylhydrazides.
Authors: Wang Shucheng , Huang Xuhu , Wang Qi , Ge Zemei , Wang Xin , Li Runtao
Published: June 2016

A synthesis of sulfonated quinoline diones (III) by copper‐catalyzed sulfonylation of activated alkenes with sulfonylhydrazides (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Fluoromalonate Addition to Tetrahydroisoquinolines Through a CDC Process.
Authors: Shirley Luke D. , Ceban Victor , Meazza Marta , Rios Ramon
Published: June 2016

A new methodology for the synthesis of fluorinated compounds based on the organo catalytic cross dehydrogenative coupling of tetrahydroisoquinolines with fluoromalonates is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted Quinolinones. Part 27. Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolo‐, Oxazolo‐, and Triazepinoquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Abass Mohamed , Hassanin Hany M. , Allimony Hassan A. , Hassan Heba
Published: June 2016

The structure of the reaction product depends not only on the utilized reagent, but also on the solvent and reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Aminopyridines as an α‐Bromination Shuttle in a Transition Metal‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines.
Authors: Roslan Irwan Iskandar , Ng Kian‐Hong , Chuah Gaik‐Khuan , Jaenicke Stephan
Published: June 2016

A wide range of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines are accessible from cheap and readily available 2‐aminopyridines and 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fluorescent 12a‐Aryl Substituted Indoxylisoquinolines via Aryne‐Induced Domino Process.
Authors: Varlamov A. V. , Guranova N. I. , Novikov R. A. , Ilyushenkova V. V. , Khrustalev V. N. , Baleeva N. S. , Borisova T. N. , Voskressensky L. G.
Published: June 2016

The title compounds are prepared involving an aryne‐induced migration of the aryl‐anion in aryloxy substituted dihydroisoquinolines.The compounds show fluorescence properties and are characterized by green‐shifted spectra and moderate quantum yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Multifunctional Pyrrole[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐3(2H)‐ones via Sulfa‐Michael‐Triggered One‐Pot Reactions.
Authors: Qin Tian‐You , Cheng Lu , Jang Ho‐Chol , Zhang Sean Xiao‐An , Liao Wei‐Wei
Published: June 2016

Sulfur‐containing pyrroloisoquinolinones are rapidly synthesized by a general method involving a sulfa‐Michael‐triggered tandem reaction and subsequent lactamization reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Indolizines from Electron‐Deficient Alkenes via One‐Pot Reaction Using TEMPO as an Oxidant
Authors: Shi Fei , Zhang Yu , Lu Zhaole , Zhu Xiaolei , Kan Weiqiu , Wang Xiang , Hu Huayou
Published: June 2016

and various pyridines and α‐halo carbonyl compounds as further substrates
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthetic Route Toward Biologically Active γ‐Carboline Derivatives.
Authors: Hingane Dattatray G. , Parekh Nikita P. , Khan Ayesha , Kusurkar Radhika S.
Published: June 2016

An efficient and short methodology is established to form the biologically active γ‐carboline derivatives (II) using a thermal electrocyclization strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinones Derivatives by Biginelli Reaction in Basic Medium
Authors: Srivastava Nivedita , Mehrotra Arti , Kumar Anil
Published: June 2016

starting from various aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of 4‐ or/and 6‐CF3‐Containing Hexahydro‐ and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyrimidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Solovyev Pavel A. , Fesenko Anastasia A. , Shutalev Anatoly D.
Published: June 2016

The amidoalkylation of Na‐enolates of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with N‐(tosylalkyl)‐ or N‐(acetoxyalkyl)ureas affords hexahydropyrimidinones or their acyclic isomers, which are dehydrated with TosOH to give corresponding tetrahydropyrimidinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Several New 1‐Arylpyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines Containing an Amide Moiety.
Authors: Liu Ju , Zhang Xin‐Wei , Song Duan‐Zheng , Cai Zhi‐qiang , Zhou Yun‐peng
Published: June 2016

9 Title compounds of type (VI) are prepared by condensation of (IV) with various acids (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Tandem C—H Activation and Aza‐Michael Addition of 2‐Arylquinazolin‐4‐ones with Acrylates for the Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1‐b]quinazolin‐9(1H)‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Jiang Xin , Yang Qin , Yuan Jianjun , Deng Zhihong , Mao Xuechun , Peng Yiyuan , Yu Chuyi
Published: June 2016

A tandem C—H activation/aza‐Michael reaction of quinazolinones (I) with acrylic esters is achieved in the presence of a dual Rh/Ag‐catalyst to provide pyrrolo[2.1‐b]quinazolin‐9(1H)‐ones in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Symmetrical 3,5‐Bis(difluoromethyl)‐1,4‐thiazine 1,1‐Dioxides.
Authors: Ogurok Volodymyr M. , Siry Sergiy A. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Vlasenko Yuriy G. , Shermolovich Yuriy G.
Published: June 2016

The title compounds are prepared by heterocyclization of bis(tetrafluoropropyl)sulfone with ammonia or primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Approach for the Synthesis of Novel Triazolo‐Fused Benzazepine Derivatives Using a Multi‐Component Reaction and an Intramolecular C—H Arylation.
Authors: Homami Seyed Saied , Rezaei Zahra
Published: June 2016

8 Title compounds of type (VI) are prepared by a four‐component Ugi reaction followed by formation of the triazole ring by click reaction with NaN3.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quinoline‐Fused 1‐Benzazepines Through a Mannich‐Type Reaction of a C,N‐Bisnucleophile Generated from 2‐Aminobenzaldehyde and 2‐Methylindole.
Authors: Min Lijun , Pan Bin , Gu Yanlong
Published: June 2016

A variety of quinoline‐fused benzazepines are synthesized via Mannich‐type reactions of a C,N‐bisnucleophile such as (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphinic Amide as Directing Group Enabling Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed ortho C—H Alkenylation of Anilines Without and with Alkylation at the Nitrogen Atom.
Authors: Jiao Lin‐Yu , Ferreira Andre V. , Oestreich Martin
Published: June 2016

The new directing group of aniline derived phosphinic amides allows couplings of both secondary (with NH group) and tertiary (with NMe group).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Bimetallic Rare‐Earth Bis(cyclopentadienyl) Derivatives Supported by Bridged Bis(guanidinate) Ligands and Their Catalytic Property for the Hydrophosphonylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Nie Kun , Liu Chengwei , Zhang Yong , Yao Yingming
Published: June 2016

The novel organo‐rare‐earth metal complexes are efficient catalysts for the hydrophosphonylation of various aldehydes affording α‐hydroxyphosphonates in high yields under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Analgesic Corynanthe‐Type Alkaloids from Strychnos angustiflora.
Authors: Jiang Hua , Liu Yun‐Bao , Li Yong , Li Li , Ma Shuang‐Gang , Qu Jing , Yu Shi‐Shan
Published: June 2016

Nine new and five known corynanthe alkaloids are isolated as exemplified by the structures shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of InP Nanocrystal Syntheses
Authors: Tamang Sudarsan , Lincheneau Christophe , Hermans Yannick , Jeong Sohee , Reiss Peter
Published: June 2016

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Transformations within Discrete Coordination‐Driven Supramolecular Architectures
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yu‐Xuan , Yang Hai‐Bo
Published: June 2016

Review: [summary of supramolecular transformations within discrete coordination‐driven supramolecular architectures, including helices, metallacycles, metallacages, etc.; 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid‐Promoted Synthesis of Common Heterocycles and Related Bio‐Active and Functional Molecules
Authors: Ponra Sudipta , Majumdar K. C.
Published: June 2016

Review: [518 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of C3‐Symmetric Tris‐Urea Low‐Molecular‐Weight Gelators
Authors: Yamanaka Masamichi
Published: June 2016

Review: [37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Chiral Squaramides: From Asymmetric Organocatalysis to Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Han Xin , Zhou Hai‐Bing , Dong Chune
Published: June 2016

Review: [46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium Salan/Salalen Complexes: The Twofaced Janus of Asymmetric Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Talsi Evgenii P. , Bryliakova Anna A. , Bryliakov Konstantin P.
Published: June 2016

Review: [25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Optically Active Hybrid Materials Constructed from Helically Substituted Polyacetylenes
Authors: Zhang Huanyu , Zhao Biao , Deng Jianping
Published: June 2016

Review: [47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Activation of Arylboronate or Aryne Reactivity as a Versatile Postfunctionalization Strategy
Authors: Larsson Johanna , Demory Emilien , Devaraj Karthik , Sollert Carina , Pilarski Lukasz T.
Published: June 2016

Review: [52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminocatalytic Enantioselective Cycloadditions
Authors: Vicario Jose L.
Published: June 2016

Review: [48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrates as Enantioinduction Components in Stereoselective Catalysis
Authors: Henderson Alexander S. , Bower John F. , Galan M. Carmen
Published: June 2016

Review: [72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for the Total Synthesis of Clavicipitic Acid
Authors: Ito Mamoru , Tahara Yu‐ki , Shibata Takanori
Published: June 2016

Review: [30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Unorthodox Interactions at Work
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Cotelle Yoann , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan
Published: June 2016

Review: [52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Anion Sensors as Logic Gates: A Close Encounter
Authors: Madhuprasad Madhuprasad , Bhat Mahesh P. , Jung Ho‐Young , Losic Dusan , Kurkuri Mahaveer D.
Published: June 2016

Review: recent advances and progress on development of ion receptors for molecular logic gates, and a brief idea about the application of molecular logic gates; 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aptamer‐Integrated DNA Nanostructures for Biosensing, Bioimaging and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Meng Hong‐Min , Liu Hui , Kuai Hailan , Peng Ruizi , Mo Liuting , Zhang Xiao‐Bing
Published: June 2016

Review: 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Repurposing Strategies for Tropical Disease Drug Discovery
Authors: Klug Dana M. , Gelb Michael H. , Pollastri Michael P.
Published: June 2016

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advancements in the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells: Degradation Mechanisms and Improvement Approaches
Authors: Li Bobo , Li Yafang , Zheng Chaoyue , Gao Deqing , Huang Wei
Published: June 2016

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stability of Organic Solar Cells: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Cheng Pei , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: June 2016

Review: factors limiting the stability and recent developments in strategies to increase the stability of organic solar cells; 381 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hierarchical Photocatalysts
Authors: Li Xin , Yu Jiaguo , Jaroniec Mietek
Published: June 2016

Review: design, fabrication, performance and applications of hierarchical semiconductor photocatalysts; 445 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Beyond Organic Chemistry: Aromaticity in Atomic Clusters
Authors: Boldyrev Alexander I. , Wang Lai‐Sheng
Published: June 2016

Review: 133 refs.
Mass Spectrometric Observation of Doubly Charged Alkaline‐Earth Argon Ions
Authors: Hattendorf Bodo , Gusmini Bianca , Dorta Ladina , Houk Robert S. , Günther Detlef
Published: June 2016

Doubly charged diatomic ions MAr2+ where M=Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba have been observed by mass spectrometry with an inductively coupled plasma ion source. Abundance ratios are quite high, 0.1 % for MgAr2+, 0.4 % for CaAr2+, 0.2 % for SrAr2+ and 0.1 % for BaAr2+ relative to the corresponding doubly charged atomic ions M2+. It is assumed that these molecular ions are formed through reactions of the doubly charged metal ions with neutral argon atoms within the ion source. Bond dissociation energies (D0) were calculated and agree well with previously published values. The abundance ratios MAr+/M+ and MAr2+/M2+ generally follow the predicted bond dissociation energies with the exception of MgAr2+. Mg2+ should form the strongest bond with Ar [D0 (MgAr2+)=124 to 130 kJ mol−1] but its relative abundance is similar to that of the weakest bound BaAr2+ (D0=34 to 42 kJ mol−1). The relative abundances of the various MAr2+ ions are higher than those expected from an argon plasma at T=6000 K, indicating that collisions during ion extraction reduce the abundance of the MAr2+ ions relative to the composition in the source. The corresponding singly charged MAr+ ions are also observed but occur at about three orders of magnitude lower intensity than MAr2+.
Differentiating between benign follicular nodules and follicular neoplasms in thyroid liquid‐based cytology preparations
Authors: Suzuki Ayana , Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Higuchi Miyoko , Takada Nami , Yamao Naoki , Kuma Seiji , Miyauchi Akira
Published: June 2016

Background

The cytological morphology observed in liquid‐based cytology (LBC) preparations is dissimilar to that of conventional preparations. The aim of this report is to clarify the cytological differences between benign follicular nodules (BFNs) and follicular neoplasms (FNs) in LBC preparations and identify novel diagnostic criteria for LBC preparations.

Methods

A retrospective review of LBC preparations from 38 BFN and 74 FN (57 follicular adenomas and 17 follicular carcinomas) cases confirmed by histological examination was conducted. LBC samples were obtained from the washout fluid in aspiration needles, fixed with CytoRich‐REDTM, and prepared using the SurePathTM method.

Results

Fibrin was observed in 43.2% of FNs and in 23.7% of BFNs. The incidences of intercellular spaces, distinct outer margin, and cytoplasmic process were significantly higher in BFNs (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). Elongated microfollicles were seen in 55.4% of FNs and 10.5% of BFNs (P < 0.01). Membranous materials encircling the outer edge of the follicles were observed only in BFN cases (5.8%). There were no significant differences between follicular adenoma and carcinoma.

Conclusion

Intercellular spaces, distinct outer margins of the follicular clusters, cytoplasmic process, and membranous materials constitute indicators of BFN in LBC preparations. Fibrin and elongated microfollicles point to FN. We believe that these findings will improve the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid LBC preparations. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:659–664. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sculpting infant soothability: the role of prenatal SSRI antidepressant exposure and neonatal SLC6A4 methylation status
Authors: Gartstein Maria A. , Hookenson Kaia V. , Brain Ursula , Devlin Angela M. , Grunau Ruth E. , Oberlander Tim F.
Published: June 2016

The role of prenatal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) exposure and SLC6A4 promoter methylation status in shaping soothability at 3 and 6 months of age, for infants exposed to antidepressant medication prenatally (n = 46) and those not exposed (n = 69) was investigated. SSRI exposure status and duration of exposure (number of days) were examined along with neonatal methylation status at mean CpG 9,10 and via factor analysis across 10 CpG sites yielding PC1 (CpGs sites: 3,4,5,7) and PC2 (CpG 1,8). Analyses revealed interactions for methylation markers and SSRI exposure variables. A significant interaction between SSRI exposure and mean SLC6A4 methylation at CpG 9,10 and separately for PC1 emerged, controlling for multiple birth/medical and background covariates (e.g., Apgar scores, maternal education). Increased neonatal methylation status was associated with increased soothability changes from 3 to 6 months among infants prenatally exposed to SSRIs.
Children's cortisol responses to a social evaluative laboratory stressor from early to middle childhood
Authors: Leppert Katherine A. , Kushner Marissa , Smith Victoria C. , Lemay Edward P. , Dougherty Lea R.
Published: June 2016

This study examined the stability of children's cortisol responses to a social evaluative laboratory stressor from early to middle childhood. Ninety‐six children (51 males) completed stress‐inducing laboratory tasks and provided five salivary cortisol samples in early (W1) and middle (W2) childhood. Although W1 cortisol responses did not predict W2 cortisol responses, children's cortisol responses demonstrated change: compared to their W1 cortisol responses, children's W2 cortisol responses demonstrated an increased slope and more negative quadratic curvature. Furthermore, child psychiatric symptoms at W1 moderated the stability of children's cortisol responses. Children with fewer preschool psychiatric symptoms demonstrated greater inter‐individual and intra‐individual stability, whereas children with higher preschool psychiatric symptoms and comorbidity demonstrated systematic inter‐individual and intra‐individual instability in cortisol responses over time. Findings suggest a developmental shift toward increasing cortisol stress responses from early to middle childhood and highlight preschool psychopathology as a moderator of stability in children's cortisol responses over time.
Glucose time series complexity as a predictor of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rodríguez de Castro Carmen , Vigil Luis , Vargas Borja , García Delgado Emilio , García Carretero Rafael , Ruiz‐Galiana Julián , Varela Manuel
Published: June 2016

Background

Complexity analysis of glucose profile may provide valuable information about the gluco‐regulatory system. We hypothesized that a complexity metric (detrended fluctuation analysis, DFA) may have a prognostic value for the development of type 2 diabetes in patients at risk.

Methods

A total of 206 patients with any of the following risk factors (1) essential hypertension, (2) obesity or (3) a first‐degree relative with a diagnosis of diabetes were included in a survival analysis study for a diagnosis of new onset type 2 diabetes. At inclusion, a glucometry by means of a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System was performed, and DFA was calculated for a 24‐h glucose time series. Patients were then followed up every 6 months, controlling for the development of diabetes.

Results

In a median follow‐up of 18 months, there were 18 new cases of diabetes (58.5 cases/1000 patient‐years). DFA was a significant predictor for the development of diabetes, with ten events in the highest quartile versus one in the lowest (log‐rank test chi2 = 9, df = 1, p = 0.003), even after adjusting for other relevant clinical and biochemical variables. In a Cox model, the risk of diabetes development increased 2.8 times for every 0.1 DFA units. In a multivariate analysis, only fasting glucose, HbA1c and DFA emerged as significant factors.

Conclusions

Detrended fluctuation analysis significantly performed as a harbinger of type 2 diabetes development in a high‐risk population. Complexity analysis may help in targeting patients who could be candidates for intensified treatment. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Merging and comparing three mitochondrial markers for phylogenetic studies of Eurasian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)
Authors: Kvie Kjersti S. , Heggenes Jan , Røed Knut H.
Published: June 2016

Phylogenetic analyses provide information that can be useful in the conservation of genetic variation by identifying intraspecific genetic structure. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships requires the use of markers with the appropriate amount of variation relative to the timeframe and purpose of the study. Here, genetic structure and clustering are inferred from comparative analyses of three widely used mitochondrial markers, the CR, cytb and the COI region, merged and separately, using Eurasian reindeer as a model. A Bayesian phylogeny and a MJ network, both based on the merged dataset, indicate several distinct maternal haplotype clusters within Eurasian reindeer. In addition to confirm previously described clusters, two new subclusters were found. When comparing the results from the merged dataset with the results from analyses of the three markers separately, similar clustering was found in the CR and COI phylogenies, whereas the cytb region showed poor resolution. Phylogenetic analyses of the merged dataset and the CR revealed congruent results, implying that single sequencing analysis of the CR is an applicable method for studying the haplotype structure in Eurasian reindeer.
Scaling up functional traits for ecosystem services with remote sensing: concepts and methods
Authors: Abelleira Martínez Oscar J. , Fremier Alexander K. , Günter Sven , Ramos Bendaña Zayra , Vierling Lee , Galbraith Sara M. , Bosque‐Pérez Nilsa A. , Ordoñez Jenny C.
Published: June 2016

Ecosystem service‐based management requires an accurate understanding of how human modification influences ecosystem processes and these relationships are most accurate when based on functional traits. Although trait variation is typically sampled at local scales, remote sensing methods can facilitate scaling up trait variation to regional scales needed for ecosystem service management. We review concepts and methods for scaling up plant and animal functional traits from local to regional spatial scales with the goal of assessing impacts of human modification on ecosystem processes and services. We focus our objectives on considerations and approaches for (1) conducting local plot‐level sampling of trait variation and (2) scaling up trait variation to regional spatial scales using remotely sensed data. We show that sampling methods for scaling up traits need to account for the modification of trait variation due to land cover change and species introductions. Sampling intraspecific variation, stratification by land cover type or landscape context, or inference of traits from published sources may be necessary depending on the traits of interest. Passive and active remote sensing are useful for mapping plant phenological, chemical, and structural traits. Combining these methods can significantly improve their capacity for mapping plant trait variation. These methods can also be used to map landscape and vegetation structure in order to infer animal trait variation. Due to high context dependency, relationships between trait variation and remotely sensed data are not directly transferable across regions. We end our review with a brief synthesis of issues to consider and outlook for the development of these approaches. Research that relates typical functional trait metrics, such as the community‐weighted mean, with remote sensing data and that relates variation in traits that cannot be remotely sensed to other proxies is needed. Our review narrows the gap between functional trait and remote sensing methods for ecosystem service management.
The relevance of spatial variation in ecotourism attributes for the economic sustainability of protected areas
Authors: De Vos Alta , Cumming Graeme S. , Moore Christine A. , Maciejewski Kristine , Duckworth Gregory
Published: June 2016

In contemporary society, protected areas are increasingly expected to justify their existence through the services that they provide to society. Protected areas offer many important cultural services, but appraisal of these nonmaterial benefits has generally proven difficult and most studies have focused on single case studies. Data on tourist numbers across multiple camps and protected areas provide a tractable and previously unexploited case study for better understanding the economic sustainability of cultural service provision and the relevance of potentially confounding variables (e.g., location and infrastructure) for park sustainability. We used redundancy analysis and linear models to relate a 5‐yr monthly data set (2007–2012) of tourist numbers and tourism‐derived income in all camps in South African national parks to a set of largelyGIS‐derived, determinant attributes that captured key elements of location, biodiversity, infrastructure, and accommodation cost at a camp level. Our analysis suggests that the degree to which cultural services can be converted into revenue for conservation is strongly contingent on infrastructure, location, and the business model that the park adopts. When considered alone, ecological attributes explained 14.2% and 3% of day and overnight visitation rates, respectively. In contrast, models that considered ecosystems in combination with other elements could explain 53% and 67% of variation. Linear models confirmed the existence of complex interactions between groups of variables and highlighted individual covariates that affected visitation rates. Significant variables included ecological features that provided aesthetic services, number of water bodies, elevation, available units, unit costs, and distance to the coast, airports, and other national parks. Taken in context our results suggest that it may be simpler than expected to make predictions about the potential future economic viability of protected areas under alternative models of management, illustrate how ecological variables may represent the “supply” side in cultural services, and highlight the complex interplay between ecological and built infrastructure. Encouragingly, this in turn suggests that relatively small, targeted investments in infrastructure could lead to disproportionate increases in tourist visitation rates and hence in increased revenue for conservation.
Specialization within a shifting habitat mosaic underpins the seasonal abundance of a tropical fish
Authors: Lim Isis E. , Wilson Shaun K. , Holmes Thomas H. , Noble Mae M. , Fulton Christopher J.
Published: June 2016

Habitat availability can be a key driver for the distribution and abundance of animals occupying heterogeneous landscapes. How species respond to regular changes in patch habitat structure, however, remains poorly understood, especially within seasonal seascapes. We explored the importance of patch habitat quality for the seasonal population dynamics of a widespread reef fish, Leptoscarus vaigiensis, within a shifting mosaic of seaweed patch habitats. Following dietary and behavioral assessments of L. vaigiensis microhabitat preferences, we used best subsets model selection to explore the relative importance of seaweed canopy attributes (cover, height, density) and the abundance of putative competitors and predators for explaining regional variations in L. vaigiensis density across summer and winter. Dietary analysis (n = 53 individuals) and behavioral observations (n = 1014) indicated that L. vaigiensis are habitat specialists that primarily consume brown seaweeds and prefer areas within patches that have tall (>30 cm height) canopy‐forming seaweeds (Sargassum, Sargassopsis) at low to intermediate densities (1–5 holdfasts per m2). Accordingly, we found seaweed percent cover and canopy height were two of the most powerful predictors for L. vaigiensis abundance, with major seasonal shifts in L. vaigiensis abundance from summer to winter strongly related to patch‐level changes in canopy cover and height. We conclude that patch habitat quality, based upon microhabitat preferences, can be a powerful predictor for the response of species to a seasonally shifting habitat mosaic, and that high‐quality patches that provide seasonal refuges should be a focus for spatial conservation and management.
Twenty‐five‐year response of the herbaceous layer of a temperate hardwood forest to elevated nitrogen deposition
Authors: Gilliam Frank S. , Welch Nicole Turrill , Phillips Anne Hockenberry , Billmyer Jake H. , Peterjohn William T. , Fowler Zachariah K. , Walter Christopher A. , Burnham Mark B. , May Jeffrey D. , Adams Mary Beth
Published: June 2016

Increasing rates of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) present a novel threat to the biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Many forests are particularly susceptible to excess N given their proximity to sources of anthropogenic N emissions. This study summarizes results of a 25‐yr treatment of an entire central Appalachian hardwood forest watershed via aerial applications of N with a focus on effects of added N on the cover, species richness, and composition of the herbaceous layer. Research was carried out on two watersheds of the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF), West Virginia. The long‐term reference watershed at FEF (WS4) was used as a reference; WS3 was experimentally treated, receiving three aerial applications of N per year as (NH4)2SO4 totaling 35 kg N ha−1 yr−1, beginning in 1989. Cover of the herbaceous layer (vascular plants ≤1 m in height) was estimated visually in five circular 1‐m2 subplots within each of seven circular 400‐m2 sample plots spanning all aspects and elevations of each watershed. Sampling was carried out in early July of each of the following years: 1991, 1992, 1994, 2003, and 2009—2014, yielding 10 yr of data collected over a 23‐yr period. It was anticipated that the N treatment on WS3 would decrease species richness and alter herb layer composition by enhancing cover of a few nitrophilic species at the expense of numerous N‐efficient species. Following a period of minimal response from 1991 to 1994, cover of the herb layer increased substantially on N‐treated WS3, and remained high thereafter. There was also a coincidental decrease in herb layer diversity during this period, along with a sharp divergence in community composition between WS4 and WS3. Most changes appear to have arisen from unprecedented, N‐mediated increases of Rubus spp., which are normally associated with the high‐light environment of openings, rather than beneath intact forest canopies. These findings support the prediction that N‐mediated changes in the herbaceous layer of impacted forests are driven primarily by increases in nitrophilic species.
Marine infectious disease dynamics and outbreak thresholds: contact transmission, pandemic infection, and the potential role of filter feeders
Authors: Bidegain Gorka , Powell Eric N. , Klinck John M. , Ben‐Horin Tal , Hofmann Eileen E.
Published: June 2016

Disease‐causing organisms can have significant impacts on marine species and communities. However, the dynamics that underlie the emergence of disease outbreaks in marine ecosystems still lack the equivalent level of description, conceptual understanding, and modeling context routinely present in the terrestrial systems. Here, we propose a theoretical basis for modeling the transmission of marine infectious diseases (MIDs) developed from simple models of the spread of infectious disease. The models represent the dynamics of a variety of host–pathogen systems including those unique to marine systems where transmission of disease is by contact with waterborne pathogens both directly and through filter‐feeding processes. Overall, the analysis of the epizootiological models focused on the most relevant processes that interact to drive the initiation and termination of epizootics.A priori, systems with multi‐step disease infections (e.g., infection‐death‐particle release‐filtration‐transmission) reduced dependence on individual parameters resulting in inherently slower transmissions rates. This is demonstrably not the case; thus, these alternative transmission pathways must also considerably increase the rates of processes involved in transmission. Scavengers removing dead infected animals may inhibit disease spread in both contact‐based and waterborne pathogen‐based diseases. The capacity of highly infected animals, both alive and dead, to release a substantial number of infective elements into the water column, making them available to suspension feeders results in such diseases being highly infective with a very small “low‐abundance refuge”. In these systems, the body burden of pathogens and the relative importance between the release and the removal rate of pathogens in the host tissue or water column becomes paramount. Two processes are of potential consequence inhibiting epizootics. First, large water volumes above the benthic susceptible populations can function as a sink for pathogens. Second, unlike contact‐based disease models in which an increase in the number of susceptible individuals in the population increases the likelihood of transmission and epizootic development, large populations of filter feeders can reduce this likelihood through the overfiltration of infective particles.