bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sulfur Sources on the Microstructure and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnIn2S4 Microspheres
Authors: Chen Shunsheng , Li Shaozhen , Xiong Liangbin , Wang Guohong
Published: July 2018

Two kinds of hexagonal ZnIn2S4 samples have been synthesized by applying different sulfur sources of cysteine and thioacetamide (TAA) in a hydrothermal process. The two samples have the same crystal structure but different visible-light absorption and photodegradation activity of methyl orange. The results of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that, compared with ZnIn2S4 prepared using cysteine as sulfur source, ZnIn2S4 samples prepared using TAA possess much higher specific surface areas, smaller particle size and rather thinner nanosheets, which not only can enhance the adsorption of methyl orange on the surface of catalysts but also improve the transport efficiency of photogenerated charge carries.
Energy-aware VM migration using dragonfly–crow optimization and support vector regression model in Cloud
Authors: More Nitin S. , Ingle Rajesh B.
Published: July 2018

Nowadays, virtual machine migration (VMM) is a trending research since it helps in balancing the load of the Cloud effectively. Several VMM-based strategies defined in the literature have considered various metrics, such as load, energy, and migration cost for balancing the load of the model. This paper introduces a novel VMM strategy by considering the load of the Cloud network. Two important aspects of the proposed scheme are the load prediction through the support vector regression (SVR) and the optimal VM placement through the proposed dragonfly-based crow (D-Crow) optimization algorithm. The proposed D-Crow optimization algorithm is developed by incorporating crow search algorithm (CSA) into dragonfly algorithm (DA). Also, the proposed VMM strategy defines a load balancing model based on the energy consumption, load, and the migration cost to achieve the energy-aware VMM. The simulation of the proposed VMM strategy is done based on the metrics such as load, energy consumption, and the migration cost. From the results, it can be shown that the proposed VMM strategy surpassed other comparative models by achieving the minimum values of 7.3719%, 10.0368%, and 11.0639% for the load, energy consumption, and migration cost, respectively.
Multiconjugate Adaptive Optics for Astronomy
Authors: Rigaut François , Neichel Benoit
Published: July 2018

Since the year 2000, adaptive optics (AO) has seen the emergence of a variety of new concepts addressing particular science needs; multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) is one of them. By correcting the atmospheric turbulence in 3D using several wavefront sensors and a tomographic phase reconstruction approach, MCAO aims to provide uniform diffraction limited images in the near-infrared over fields of view larger than 1 arcmin2, i.e., 10 to 20 times larger in area than classical single conjugated AO. In this review, we give a brief reminder of the AO principles and limitations, and then focus on aspects particular to MCAO, such as tomography and specific MCAO error sources. We present examples and results from past or current systems: MAD (Multiconjugate Adaptive Optics Demonstrator) and GeMS (Gemini MCAO System) for nighttime astronomy and the AO system, at Big Bear for solar astronomy. We examine MCAO performance (Strehl ratio up to 40% in H band and full width at half maximum down to 52 mas in the case of MCAO), with a particular focus on photometric and astrometric accuracy, and conclude with considerations on the future of MCAO in the Extremely Large Telescope and post–HST era.
ERCC2Helicase Domain Mutations Confer Nucleotide Excision Repair Deficiency and Drive Cisplatin Sensitivity in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Qiang , Damish Alexis W. , Frazier Zoë , Liu David , Reznichenko Elizaveta , Kamburov Atanas , Bell Andrew , Zhao Huiyong , Jordan Emmet J. , Gao S. Paul , Ma Jennifer , Abbosh Philip H. , Bellmunt Joaquim , Plimack Elizabeth R. , Lazaro Jean-Bernard , Solit David B. , Bajorin Dean , Rosenberg Jonathan E. , D'Andrea Alan D. , Riaz Nadeem , Van Allen Eliezer M. , Iyer Gopa , Mouw Kent W.
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

DNA-damaging agents comprise the backbone of systemic treatment for many tumor types; however, few reliable predictive biomarkers are available to guide use of these agents. In muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), cisplatin-based chemotherapy improves survival, yet response varies widely among patients. Here, we sought to define the role of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) gene ERCC2 as a biomarker predictive of response to cisplatin in MIBC.

Experimental Design:

Somatic missense mutations in ERCC2 are associated with improved response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy; however, clinically identified ERCC2 mutations are distributed throughout the gene, and the impact of individual ERCC2 variants on NER capacity and cisplatin sensitivity is unknown. We developed a microscopy-based NER assay to profile ERCC2 mutations observed retrospectively in prior studies and prospectively within the context of an institution-wide tumor profiling initiative. In addition, we created the first ERCC2-deficient bladder cancer preclinical model for studying the impact of ERCC2 loss of function.

Results:

We used our functional assay to test the NER capacity of clinically observed ERCC2 mutations and found that most ERCC2 helicase domain mutations cannot support NER. Furthermore, we show that introducing an ERCC2 mutation into a bladder cancer cell line abrogates NER activity and is sufficient to drive cisplatin sensitivity in an orthotopic xenograft model.

Conclusions:

Our data support a direct role for ERCC2 mutations in driving cisplatin response, define the functional landscape of ERCC2 mutations in bladder cancer, and provide an opportunity to apply combined genomic and functional approaches to prospectively guide therapy decisions in bladder cancer.

See related commentary by Grivas, p. 907
Neoantigens in Ovarian Cancer: Embarrassment of Riches or Needles in a Haystack?
Authors: McNeish Iain A.
Published: July 2018

Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analysis demonstrate that tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes that react to mutated neoepitopes could be identified in recurrent ovarian cancer. Two of these T-cell populations reacted against TP53 hotspot missense mutations that are present in a wide variety of malignancies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5493–5. ©2018 AACR.

See related article by Deniger et al., p. 5562
The Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Chalcones 4-hydroxyderricin and Xanthoangelol Suppress Melanomagenesis By Targeting BRAF and PI3K
Authors: Zhang Tianshun , Wang Qiushi , Fredimoses Mangaladoss , Gao Ge , Wang Keke , Chen Hanyong , Wang Ting , Oi Naomi , Zykova Tatyana A. , Reddy Kanamata , Yao Ke , Ma Weiya , Chang Xiaoyu , Lee Mee-Hyun , Rathore Moeez Ghani , Bode Ann M. , Ashida Hitoshi , Lippman Scott M. , Dong Zigang
Published: July 2018

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive tumor of the skin and still lacks effective preventive and therapeutic treatments. In melanoma, both the BRAF/MEK/ERK and PI3-K/AKT signaling pathways are constitutively activated through multiple mechanisms, which result in cell-cycle progression and prevention of apoptosis. Therefore, the development of novel strategies for targeting BRAF and PI3K are of utmost importance. In this study, we found that Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) chalcones, 4-hydroxyderricin (4HD) and xanthoangelol (XAG), suppressed melanoma development by directly targeting both BRAFV600E and PI3K, which blocked the activation of downstream signaling. This led to the induction of G1 phase cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in melanoma cells. Importantly, 4HD or XAG dramatically attenuated tumor incidence and volume in the BRAF-activated Pten-deficient melanoma mouse model. Our findings suggest that 4HD and XAG are promising chemopreventive or potential therapeutic agents against melanomagenesis that act by targeting both BRAF and PI3K, providing hope for rapid clinical translation. Cancer Prev Res; 11(10); 607–20. ©2018 AACR.
IL35 Hinders Endogenous Antitumor T-cell Immunity and Responsiveness to Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Mirlekar Bhalchandra , Michaud Daniel , Searcy Ryan , Greene Kevin , Pylayeva-Gupta Yuliya
Published: July 2018

Although successes in cancer immunotherapy have generated considerable excitement, this form of treatment has been largely ineffective in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Mechanisms that contribute to the poor antitumor immune response in PDA are not well understood. Here, we demonstrated that cytokine IL35 is a major immunosuppressive driver in PDA and potentiates tumor growth via the suppression of endogenous antitumor T-cell responses. The growth of pancreatic tumors in mice deficient for IL35 was significantly reduced. An analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed a role for IL35 in the expansion of regulatory T cells and the suppression of CD4+ effector T cells. We also detected a robust increase in both the infiltration and activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, suggesting that targeting IL35 may be an effective strategy to convert PDA from an immunologically “cold” to “hot” tumor. Although PDA is typically resistant to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy, we demonstrated robust synergistic reduction in tumor growth when IL35 deficiency was combined with anti–PD-1 treatment. These findings provide new insight into the function of IL35 in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer and underscore the potential significance of IL35 as a therapeutic target for use in combination immunotherapy approaches in this deadly malignancy. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(9); 1014–24. ©2018 AACR.
Challenges in Diagnosing Myelodysplastic Syndromes in the Era of Genetic Testing: Proceedings of the 13th Workshop of the European Bone Marrow Working Group
Authors: Hebeda Konnie M. , Tzankov Alexandar , Boudova Ludmila , Saft Leonie , Hasserjian Rob P. , de Boer Mirthe , Fend Falko , Orazi Attilio , Leguit Roos
Published: July 2018

The 13th workshop of the European Bone Marrow Working Group in Utrecht, The Netherlands, was devoted to studying myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and their boundaries. The panel received 44 cases submitted to the 3 invited categories, which included: reactive cytopenias with dysplasia, idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance, clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, idiopathic dysplasia of uncertain significance and overt MDS. For this summary, we have selected 17 cases that highlight difficulties in separating true MDS from other causes of cytopenia and the intricate relationship between clonal haematopoiesis and true MDS. In addition, cases of overt MDS with challenging features were also selected. All cases were stained for p53 expression. Using instructive submitted cases we discuss the following: (1) cytopenia with clonal haematopoiesis not fulfilling MDS criteria, (2) cytopenia and/or dysplasia with germline mutations and/or familial history suggesting an underlying gene defect, (3) MDS based on a recurrent chromosomal abnormality and (4) overt MDS with diagnostic difficulties due to concurrent treatment or disease. The lively discussion in the open forum of the workshop illustrated the need for better integrative understanding of the evolution of acquired genetic abnormalities in haematopoiesis, and the challenge of diagnosing true MDS in cytopenic patients with genetic abnormalities, either germline or acquired.
Traumatic Optic Neuropathy and Monocular Blindness following Transnasal Penetrating Optic Canal Injury by a Wooden Foreign Body
Authors: Younis Reem , Berkowitz Eran , Shreter Roni , Kesler Anat , Braverman Itzhak
Published: July 2018

Purpose: To report a case of right eye blindness due to a penetrating injury in the contralateral nostril. Methods: This is a case report of a 67-year-old patient who presented to the emergency room complaining of transient blurred vision in his right eye after falling on a small branch with no apparent injury besides minor lacerations. The following day, the patient experienced blindness in the right eye. Physical examination revealed small lacerations on his left forehead and optic neuropathy on the right side with no other obvious discerning physical or imaging abnormalities. Results: After elevated suspicion and reassessment of the neuroimaging findings, a radiolucent track was observed in the nasal cavity, continuing up from the left nostril to the right optic nerve. Transnasal endoscopic surgery was performed and a long wooden branch was removed from the nasal cavity. Conclusion: A nasally penetrating wooden foreign body can cause traumatic optic neuropathy and vision loss on the unaffected side and can be very difficult to locate and image without any clear external evidence as to its presence. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high level of suspicion in these types of cases.
Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Ameliorating Liver Fibrosis Induced by Dimethylnitrosurea
Authors: Salem Neveen A. , Hamza Amal , Alnahdi Hanan , Ayaz Najla
Published: July 2018

Background/Aims: Hepatic fibrosis is a wound-healing process in the chronically injured liver. Clinical application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is of considerable interest for wound healing and regeneration. In view of the regeneration effect of PRP, we designed this study to explore the hypothesis that PRP could play a role in improving the biochemical and molecular changes that occur in liver fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) in rats. Methods: Four groups were studied: control, PRP control, DMN (liver fibrosis), and DMN+PRP groups. Serum liver enzymes (alanine amino transferase ALT, aspartate amino transferase AST, gamma glutamyl transferase GGT, and lactate dehydrogenase LDH), and liver hydroxyproline content were measured colorimetrically.Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and B-cell lymphoma (Bcl2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. And the expression levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) ,transforming growth factor (TGF-β), and nuclear factor kappa B1(NF-қB1) were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our results showed that PRP markedly improved the DMN-induced changes in liver enzymes accompanied by a significant decrease in liver hydroxyproline content and IL-8 level induced by DMN, and an increase in the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. PRP also showed significant down-regulation of fibrosis-related genes α-SMA and TGF-β and a significant decrease in the inflammatory marker NF-қB1. Conclusion: Based on these encouraging results, we consider that PRP could be a promising new agent for liver regeneration and alleviation of fibrosis.
Guttural Ghosts in Modern Hebrew
Authors: Enguehard Guillaume , Faust Noam
Published: July 2018

Many morphological paradigms in Modern Hebrew exhibit alternations between [a], zero, and a rare [ʔ] in positions where one expects to find a consonant. The letters symbolizing these alternations in the orthography were used to represent the guttural sounds [ʔ, ʕ, h] in stages of the language that had these sounds. Gutturals are largely absent from Modern Hebrew pronunciation, and yet their presence is still felt indirectly, through these alternations. Following Faust (2005) , we analyze these “guttural ghosts” as underlying /a/ vowels. The analysis is conducted within the theory of Government Phonology ( Kaye, Lowenstamm, and Vergnaud 1990 ) in its Strict CV offshoot ( Lowenstamm 1996 , Scheer 2004 ). Against the conclusions of previous accounts, we show that given standard assumptions in this theory, the phenomenon is strictly phonological. We also discuss a puzzle regarding the interaction of such guttural ghosts with epenthesis and reduplication, and we provide an Obligatory Contour Principle–based account that relies crucially on the vocalic identity of these entities.
Summative Existentials
Authors: Francez Itamar
Published: July 2018

Under certain conditions, existential sentences have readings that are not predicted and cannot be modeled, given common assumptions about the construction. For example, the sentence There could be three outcomes to this election is normally taken to express that three things could be the outcome of the election, not that it is possible that the election will have three outcomes. This article proposes the first analysis of such “summative” readings of existentials, premised on a novel semantics for cardinal determiners as counting the values of an individual concept across indices. The analysis is shown to predict the observed descriptive generalizations about summative existentials, including the highly restricted circumstances that give rise to them. The unorthodox semantics proposed for cardinals is argued to be independently motivated.
Selective Opacity
Authors: Keine Stefan
Published: July 2018

This article develops a general theory of selective opacity effects, configurations in which the same constituent is opaque for some operations but transparent for others. Classical observations of selective opacity lie in the realm of movement. Finite clauses, for instance, are opaque for A-movement but transparent for Ā-extraction, a pattern that generalizes beyond the A/Ā distinction. Using novel evidence from movement-agreement interactions in Hindi-Urdu, I argue that selective opacity also encompasses ϕ-agreement and I propose that the underlying constraint applies, not to movement itself, but to Agree. I develop the novel concept of horizons, which delimit search spaces in probe specific ways by terminating search. They thereby prevent particular probes from searching into them, inducing selective opacity. The horizons account derives an otherwise surprising property of selective opacity effects noted previously: the higher the structural position of a probe in the clausal spine, the more structures are transparent to it. The analysis proposed here unifies improper movement and related selective opacity restrictions, mismatches in the locality of movement and agreement, and intricate interactions between movement types and agreement.
Towards a Cure for Prevent? Building Resilience to Religious and Political Forms of Violence within British Muslim Communities
Authors: Hargreaves Julian
Published: July 2018

This article engages with community-led responses to religious and political forms of violence within British Muslim communities. The focus here is on ‘bottom-up’, community-led responses to religious and political forms of violence, a relatively underrepresented topic, given the extent of policy and research literature concerning the nature and effects of ‘top-down’ counter-terrorism and counter-extremist initiatives such as the UK Government’s Prevent strategy. The article argues two main points. First, that solutions to the problems of extremism, radicalisation and terrorism (to use the linguistic framework of the UK Government), or to the problems of religious and political forms of violence (the term used here), might be found as much within the realms of religion, culture, family and community as within the realms of security, policing and legislation. Second, that an analytical framework for the development of community-led approaches may be developed via consideration of the social psychological concept of resilience.
The Geographies of Prevent: The Transformation of the Muslim Home into a Pre-Crime Space
Authors: Fernandez Shereen
Published: July 2018

The Prevent Duty is part of the UK’s counter-extremism strategy, which aims to prevent individuals from becoming involved in ‘extremism’ and ‘radicalisation’. As a pre-crime measure, the duty is now enforced in public institutions in the UK, from schools to healthcare provisions, and relies on frontline staff to monitor and report on ‘signs’ of extremism and radicalisation. The discussion around Prevent has focused on its implementation and impacts in the public sphere, notably in schools. However, this article aims to disrupt the imagined boundaries of the Prevent Duty and demonstrate how, as a result of this policy, the home—primarily the Muslim home—is treated as a pre-crime space, thus broadening the reach of counter-extremism measures into the private sphere.
Arisaema longitubum (Araceae), a new species from northwestern Yunnan, China
Authors: MA ZHENG-XU
Published: July 2018

Arisaema longitubum (Araceae), belonging to Arisaema sect. Odorata, is described and illustrated as a new species. The new species is closely related to Arisaema yunnanense, A. bathycoleum, and A. lidaense but differs in a suite of morphological characters useful in species distinction provided in this article.
Analyzing of Cloud Macroscopic Characteristics in the Shigatse Area of the Tibetan Plateau Using the Total-Sky Images
Authors: Yang Jun , Lyu Weitao , Ma Ying , Zhang Yijun , Li Qingyong , Yao Wen , Lu Tianshu
Published: July 2018

The macroscopic characteristics of clouds in the Tibetan Plateau are crucial to understanding the local climatic conditions and their impact on the global climate and water vapor cycle. In this study, the variations of cloud cover and cloud types are analyzed by using total-sky images of two consecutive years in Shigatse, Tibetan Plateau. The results show that the cloud cover in Shigatse presents a distinct seasonal difference that is characterized by low cloud cover in autumn and winter and high cloud cover in summer and spring. July is the month with the largest cloud coverage, and its average cloud cover exceeds 75%. The probability of clouds in the sky is the lowest in November, with an average cloud cover of less than 20%. The diurnal variations of cloud cover in different months also have considerable differences. Specifically, cloud cover is higher in the afternoon than that in the morning in most months, whereas the cloud cover throughout the day varies little from July to September. The dominant cloud types in different months are also not the same. The proportion of clear sky is large in autumn and winter. Stratiform cloud occupies the highest percentage in March, April, July, and August. The probability of emergence of cirrus is highest in May and June. The Shigatse region has clear rainy and dry seasons, and correlation analysis between precipitation and clouds shows that the largest cumulative precipitation, the highest cloud cover, and the highest proportion of stratiform clouds occur simultaneously in July.
High-Resolution QPF Uncertainty and Its Implications for Flood Prediction: A Case Study for the Eastern Iowa Flood of 2016
Authors: Seo Bong-Chul , Quintero Felipe , Krajewski Witold F.
Published: July 2018

This study addresses the uncertainty of High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs), which were recently appended to the operational hydrologic forecasting framework. In this study, we examine the uncertainty features of HRRR QPFs for an Iowa flooding event that occurred in September 2016. Our evaluation of HRRR QPFs is based on the conventional approach of QPF verification and the analysis of mean areal precipitation (MAP) with respect to forecast lead time. The QPF verification results show that the precipitation forecast skill of HRRR significantly drops during short lead times and then gradually decreases for further lead times. The MAP analysis also demonstrates that the QPF error sharply increases during short lead times and starts decreasing slightly beyond 4-h lead time. We found that the variability of QPF error measured in terms of MAP decreases as basin scale and lead time become larger and longer, respectively. The effects of QPF uncertainty on hydrologic prediction are quantified through the hillslope-link model (HLM) simulations using hydrologic performance metrics (e.g., Kling–Gupta efficiency). The simulation results agree to some degree with those from the MAP analysis, finding that the performance achieved from the QPF forcing decreases during 1–3-h lead times and starts increasing with 4–6-h lead times. The best performance acquired at the 1-h lead time does not seem acceptable because of the large overestimation of the flood peak, along with an erroneous early peak that is not observed in streamflow observations. This study provides further evidence that HRRR contains a well-known weakness at short lead times, and the QPF uncertainty (e.g., bias) described as a function of forecast lead times should be corrected before its use in hydrologic prediction.
Spheroid Formation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Environmentally Friendly BMA/SBMA/HEMA Copolymer-Coated Anti-Adhesive Surface
Authors: Lin Wei-Han , Lin Che-Yu , Tsai Ching-Cheng , Yu Jiashing , Tsai Wei-Bor
Published: July 2018

Surface coating with sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) containing polymers is a simple method for reducing non-specific protein adsorption and cell adhesion to biomaterials. It has been shown that copolymers of zwitterionic monomers and butyl methacrylate (BMA) could be adsorbed onto hydrophobic substrates in order to provide anti-fouling properties. However, the copolymers of BMA/SBMA dissolved in organic solvents such as DMSO and THF, which is harmful to the host and environment, but not in environmentally friendly solvents, such as methanol and ethanol. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was introduced in the copolymers in order to enhance the solubility of BMA/SBMA copolymers in methanol and ethanol. The solubility of the copolymers in methanol, ethanol and DMSO were examined. BMA/SBMA/HEMA copolymers in different solvents were coated on polystyrene (PS) plates, and the surface hydrophilicity and anti-fouling capacity were investigated. On the other hand, many studies have pointed out that spheroid formations of stem cells have the abilities to boost functionality and enhance their therapeutic potential. Therefore, the spheroid formation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) was studied on a plate coated with copolymers. The substrates coated with the copolymers prevented the adhesion of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs); moreover, hASCs formed spheroids after 24 hours of culture. In conclusion, the addition of HEMA in the BMA/SBMA copolymers made the copolymers soluble in methanol and ethanol. With the coating of copolymers, cell adhesion was inhibited and the stem cell spheroids were formed on the plate. The copolymers showed a potential for surface modification under an environmentally friendly condition for anti-fouling and stem cell spheroid application.
Facile Entry to Iron Complexes Supported by Quinoline-Based PNN Pincer Ligand
Authors: Kamitani Masahiro , Kusaka Haruki , Toriyabe Takumi , Yuge Hidetaka
Published: July 2018

New quinoline-based PNN pincer ligands were prepared via Friedländer synthesis and phosphination reaction. The ligation reaction of PNN ligands with FeX2 (X = Cl, OTf) preferentially led to the formation of mono-chelated (PNN)FeX2 and bis-chelated [(PNN)2Fe]2+ complexes depending on phosphorus substituents and X ligands. Molecular structures and electron configurations of the mono-chelated and bis-chelated complexes were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and NMR measurements.
Generation of Active Ruthenium Catalysts for Hydroarylation of C–C Multiple Bonds from Isolated Ru(IV)=O Species Supported on CeO2
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Nagao Masahiro , Hosokawa Saburo , Shishido Tetsuya , Inoue Masashi , Wada Kenji
Published: July 2018

This paper reports that the treatment of Ru/CeO2 with PPh3 and HCHO in 2-methoxyalcohol was an efficient way to generate the catalytically active Ru species for hydroarylation of C-C multiple bonds. A variety of alkenes was applicable toward the title reactions. The solid Ru/CeO2 could be recycled for several times.
Macromolecular Crowding and Nanoscale Confinement on the Structural Regulation of Chromatins/DNAs
Authors: Kim Jun Soo
Published: July 2018

DNA is a very long polymeric molecule that governs the genetic processes in cells, and its structural regulation is critical to their functions. In addition, several uses of DNA as a novel material have also been proposed in nanomaterial science and engineering. In this account, we introduce our efforts to understand the regulatory strategies of chromatins (a very long DNA molecule complexed with and compacted by a large number of histone protein complexes) in crowded cellular environments and in nanoscale confinements, using computer simulations of chromatins. We first show that macromolecular crowding in the cell nucleus has distinguishable influences on chromatins with different compaction densities, suggesting that cellular control of macromolecular crowding may be utilized to control different chromatin domains, called heterochromatin and euchromatin. Then, we also show that chromatins placed in an array of nanoscale posts have different molecular arrangements depending on the dimension of the nanopost arrays: either localized and aligned parallel to the nanoposts or distributed perpendicular to the nanoposts. Our studies suggest that the entropic effects of macromolecular crowding and nanoscale confinement can regulate chromatin structures and arrangements.
Κώστας Καλυβιώτης: «Είμαι ο Αντρέας της ΕΠΟΝ»
Authors: Σακελλαρόπουλος Τάσος , Ιμσιρίδου Γεωργία
Published: July 2018

Δε διατίθεται περίληψη στα ελληνικά.
Η ΟΣΤΕΟΣΥΝΘΕΣΙΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΑ ΜΙΚΡΑ ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΔΙΑ ΖΩΑ
Authors: ΒΙΚΕΛΙΔΗΣ ΙΩΑΝΝΗΣ
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΙΣ ΚΑΤΕΠΕΙΓΟΥΣΗΣ ΓΑΣΤΡΟΤΟΜΗΣ ΕΙΣ ΑΓΕΛΑΔΑ
Authors: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΥ ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΣ ΧΡ.
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Η ΣΧΕΣΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΥΑΙΣΘΗΣΙΑΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΑ ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟΤΙΚΑ IN VITRO ΚΑΙ IN VIVO ΣΤΑΦΥΛΟΚΟΚΚΟΥ ΑΠΟΜΟΝΩΘΕΝΤΟΣ ΕΚ ΚΥΝΟΣ ΠΑΣΧΟΝΤΟΣ ΕΞ ΑΝΙΑΤΟΥ ΥΠΟΤΡΟΠΙΑΖΟΥΣΗΣ ΔΕΡΜΑΤΙΚΗΣ ΣΤΑΦΥΛΟΚΟΚΚΙΑΣΕΩΣ
Authors: ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Α. , ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥΛΑΣ Δ.
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Ο ΑΛΙΠΑΣΤΟΣ ΒΑΚΑΛΑΟΣ: ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΑ ΔΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΥΓΕΙΟΝΟΜΙΚΗΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΙΟΤΙΚΗΝ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΙΝ ΑΥΤΟΥ
Authors: ΚΑΡΔΟΥΛΗΣ Α. Γ.
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
H ΤΟΥΛΑΡΑΙΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΖΩΟΝΟΣΟΣ
Authors: ΓΕΩΡΓΑΚΗΣ ΣΠΥΡΟΣ Α.
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ÉTUDE COMPARATIVE DES ACTIVITÉS DES VÉTÉRINAIRES DANS LES PAYS ÉVOLUÉS ET LES PAYS MOINS AVANCÉS
Authors: DALLING Sir THOMAS
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΙΣ ΔΥΣΤΟΚΙΑΣ ΛΟΓΩ ΔΙΚΕΦΑΛΟΥ ΤΕΡΑΤΟΣ
Authors: ΑΓΓΕΛΗΣ ΜΙΧΑΗΛ
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Ecological Quality Status of the Algiers coastal waters by using macroalgae assemblages as bioindicators (Algeria, Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: KHADIDJA CHABANE , LAMIA BAHBAH , HALIMA SERIDI
Published: July 2018

Macroalgae assemblages have been used as a quality element for the assessment of the Ecological Status Classes (ESC) of coastal water bodies for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC). To assess the suitability of this quality element in Algiers coasts, seven sampling sites with five (5) replications covering a wide range of anthropogenic pressures were studied during spring and summer 2015. Coverage data of macroalgae in each sampling site were analyzed on species, i.e., structural (species number, nMDS, clustering, K-dominance and Simper analysis on Bray–Curtis similarity) and on Ecological Status Groups, i.e., functional (nMDS, clustering, K-dominance, Ecological Evaluation Index/EEI-c) biological levels. Key water variables (temperature, salinity and pH) along with the anthropogenic stress index MALUSI were also estimated. The obtained results revealed a significant effect of anthropogenic stress in the macroalgal assemblages. The structural analysis showed: (1) species richness of 86 taxa in total, (2) dominance of Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta (late-successional) associated by Lithophyllum incrustans, and Jania rubens in non-impacted sites and of Ulva rigida, Ulva intestinalis and Caulerpa cylindracea (opportunistic) species in impacted sites, and (3) record a higher proportion of low abundance of species in polluted communities than in less polluted communities. The functional analysis showed: (1) classification of sites based on multivariate and K-dominance analyses in four groups, three in agreement with water degradation, and one for low salinity influence, (2) classification of sites into “Bad”, ”High”, “Moderate” and “Good” ESC’s by EEI-c index, (3) a strong non-linear relationship (R²=0.85) of EEI-c index with MALUSI index. Therefore, to implement a national monitoring program within the scope WFD in Algeria coasts, the EEI-c index will be a suitable tool.
A new alien crab for the Mediterranean Sea: Xanthias lamarckii (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae)
Authors: CORSINI-FOKA M. , KONDYLATOS G. , PANCUCCI-PAPADOPOULOU M.A.
Published: July 2018

A single specimen of Xanthias lamarckii was collected on March 2013 from the shallow waters of Chtenia, a rocky islet near Rhodes Island, south-eastern Aegean Sea. The occurrence of this Indo-West Pacific species is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean waters and documents the ongoing process of biological invasion of the basin. The vector of introduction of X. lamarckii is unknown so far, waiting for future information on establishment and spread of the species in its new environment.
PIN DIAMETER EFFECT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISSIMILAR FRICTION STIR LAP WELDING ALUMINUM ALLOY 6061-T6 TO DUAL PHASE STEEL
Authors: Helal Yazid , Boumerzoug Zakaria
Published: July 2018

In this work, the effect of the pin diameter on the microstructure, hardness, and strength of friction stir welded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy to dual phase steel has been investigated. Microhardness measurements, tensile shear tests, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), and X-ray diffraction were the main techniques used. The results showed that friction stir welding can be used for the joining of dissimilar 6061-T6 aluminum alloy to dual phase steel. We have found that the maximum strength is obtained after welding with the highest pin diameter.
GAS NITRIDING WITH DEEP CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL
Authors: Hradil David , Duchek Michal , Hrbáčková Taťána , Ciski Aleksander
Published: July 2018

Nitriding with subsequent heat treatment in combination with deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) produces nitrided layers with specific properties. Layers with unique properties result from the dissolution of subsurface layers of iron nitrides and subsequent nitrogen diffusion into the substrate during austenitisation. Fine precipitates of carbonitrides eventually form during DCT and tempering. Intermediate deep cryogenic treatment was performed between the quenching and tempering steps. This work is based on comparing nitrided layers obtained using conventional treatment parameters with nitrided layers from novel processes. The experimental material was DIN 1.3343 (Czech Standard 41 9830) high-speed steel. Several treatment methods were compared in terms of the resulting hardness and metallographic characteristics.
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF UNS S31803 STAINLESS STEEL WELDED JOINTS
Authors: Ferro Paolo , Nilsson Jan-Olof , Bonollo Franco
Published: July 2018

The corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel welded joints is affected by different parameters such as filler metal chemical composition, heat input, shielding gas composition and post welding heat treatment temperature. In most cases such parameters interact with each other so that it is very difficult to foresee their effect on corrosion resistance of welded joints without specific experimental tests. In this work the best combination of shielding gas composition and post welding heat treatment temperature that guarantees the corrosion resistance of the joint according to ASTM A932, method C, was found. Two shielding gases were tested during welding, Ar (100%) and a mixture of Ar (87%), He (10%) and N (3%), while the solution temperatures were 1050 °C and 1070 °C. It was found that only the samples welded with the mixture of Ar (87%), He (10%), N (3%) as shielding gas and solution heat treated at 1070 °C passed the corrosion test completely.
Ensino de Inglês para crianças nas séries iniciais do ensino público à luz dos multiletramentos
Authors: Batinga Agra Christiane , Ifa Sergio
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo é fruto de um estudo que teve como objetivo compreender uma experiência de introdução do componente curricular língua inglesa em uma turma do Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola pública da periferia de Maceió, em Alagoas. O aporte teórico foi baseado na visão de língua de Bakhtin/Volochinov ([1929]/2010), que a considera um fenômeno social que só se materializa na presença do outro, e nas discussões sobre multiletramentos de Rojo (2012) e Monte Mór (2015), que consideram a multiplicidade de semioses e a multiplicidade de culturas envolvidas em nossos contextos de uso da língua. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa, inserida no paradigma qualitativo, é um estudo de caso (LUDKE; ANDRE, 1986). Os dados foram coletados por meio de planos de aulas, relatos de aula e atividades produzidas pelos alunos. Após a interpretação dos dados, percebemos a importância da inclusão do ensino de inglês nas séries iniciais do ensino público uma vez que a problematização e a reflexão sobre os temas trabalhados em sala propiciaram, aos alunos, o desenvolvimento linguístico e uma compreensão expandida do mundo, pois conseguiram ir além das visões homogeneizadoras e centralizadoras apresentadas inicialmente.
Letramento crítico: as relações de causa e consequência aprimorando a leitura, a compreensão e a produção de textos
Authors: Motoyama Juliane Francischeti Martins , Souza Renata Junqueira de , Segabinazi Daniela Maria
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo traz uma análise da produção escrita de três alunos do 6° ano do ensino fundamental que participaram de uma oficina interventiva na qual, através do ensino das relações de causa e consequência no gênero textual conto, objetivou-se promover ações que possibilitassem o letramento crítico. Neste estudo, adotamos a definição de letramento crítico como a ação de ler além, sob, sobre e ao redordo texto. As intervenções realizadas durante a oficina se deram no sentido de auxiliar os educandos a compreenderem as relações dialógicas internas do texto escrito para que, a partir de uma análise reflexiva, pudessem começar a escrever sua produção escrita. Foram desenvolvidos dez encontros nos quais os colaboradores leram, compreenderam, discutiram e produziram textos do gênero textual conto. As produções foram recolhidas e analisadas pelas pesquisadoras no sentido de reconstruir o percurso de produção da criança e compreender como a consciência das relações de causa e consequência contribuiu para a escrita dialógica. Naturalmente, após o processo de participação dos encontros da oficina a escrita de todos os educandos sofreu alterações, no entanto, o que diferenciou uma da outra foi o grau de consciência com que cada indivíduo utilizou a língua, sendo que alguns ficaram presos ao nível gramatical, enquanto outros avançaram para a construção de sentidos amplos. Assim, os resultados do caso aqui analisado denunciam que quando a escola não proporciona ações de dialogia, os educandos não desenvolvem o letramento crítico e consequentemente não conseguem ter total controle sobre o que dizer e como dizer.
PLAc, abordagem comunicativa e letramento crítico: pontos de convergência para a inclusão de práticas digitais no contexto brasileiro de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Sá Elisa Mattos de , Júnior Costa Eric
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho apresenta a concepção e as especificidades de PLAc (SÃO BERNARDO, 2016; AMADO, 2014, 2011; CALDEIRA, 2012; GROSSO, 2010) e propõe uma triangulação entre o ensino de PLAc, a abordagem comunicativa (LEE; VANPETTEN, 2003; SAVIGNON, 2001) e o letramento crítico como idealizado por Freire (1979, 1987, 2011, 2014, 2015) visto que as aulas de PLAc objetivam levar o aprendiz a se comunicar de forma eficiente e pragmaticamente adequada na nova língua, na busca pelo reconhecimento e pelo acesso a seus direitos sociais, deveres e serviços de acolhida no novo país, ou seja, a língua é de fato o meio primário de emancipação e reconstrução social. Além disso, as temáticas que atravessam o ensino de PLAc colocam questões pertinentes ao letramento crítico como foco de discussão e de reflexão em sala de aula, as quais podem ser intensificadas pela inclusão de práticas digitais planejadas com base nos materiais de PLAc, como o de Oliveira et al. (2015). Por entendermos que uma participação social ativa e democrática também é feita online, criamos um questionário e diagnosticamos o uso de tecnologias digitais de nossos alunos de PLAc, na cidade de São Paulo, e então elaboramos uma proposta para a inclusão do componente letramento digital (HOCKLEY; DUDENEY; PEGRUM, 2013) no desenvolvimento das competências comunicativas e críticas dos alunos, considerando seus conhecimentos de legado sobre as práticas digitais.
Sequência didática do gênero notícia online e seus comentários: uma análise à luz do interacionismo sociodiscursivo
Authors: Kleiman Paula Angélica Campos , Beato-Canato Ana Paula Marques
Published: July 2018

Fruto de inquietações acerca do saber didatizar, este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar uma sequência didática (SD) em torno de dois gêneros textuais correlacionados: notícia onlinee comentário virtual, visando contribuir para a melhoria desta prática de linguagem (SCHNEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004), de alunos do ensino médio de escolas públicas do Rio de Janeiro. O material foi elaborado por uma das autoras como atividade de um módulo de um curso de extensão no âmbito do projeto PROLEC –Promoção do Letramento Crítico (UFRJ/FAPERJ) –, que propunha a produção de materiais didáticos como uma forma de contribuição para a formação do professor e tal produção constituiu-se como uma primeira oportunidade de pôr em prática conhecimentos teóricos aprendidos. Os resultados apontam diversas convergências entre a proposta genebrina de SD e as atividades propostas, especialmente no que tange aos objetivos, ao tema, à organização, ao uso de textos autênticos e à tentativa de contribuir com o desenvolvimento das capacidades de linguagem (SCHENEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004). Contudo, nossos dados também revelam alguns problemas no material, especialmente resultantes de dificuldades de transposição didática. Os resultados chamam atenção para as tensões entre uma definição de língua tradicional, com foco exclusivamente linguístico, e uma visão de língua sócio-histórica. Apesar disso, avaliamos que tanto sua produção quanto sua análise constituíram-se como processos importantes de formação profissional e, ao compartilhar nossos resultados, esperamos contribuir com a área, especialmente, de formação docente.
EXPANDINDO O ENSINO DE INGLÊS NOS ANOS INICIAIS: ASPECTOS TRANSCULTURAIS E TRANSLÍNGUES-MULTIMODAIS
Authors: Takaki Nara Hiroko
Published: July 2018

Baseando-se num projeto de formação de alunos e professores com metodologia qualitativa e intersubjetiva, a autora discute sua compreensão sobre a natureza das atividades nas aulas de inglês dos anos iniciais. Acentua a co-construção crítica de estratégias que ampliam a aprendizagem (CERVETTI; PARDALES; DAMICO, 2001; MCLAUGHLIN; DEVOODG, 2004) e performatividade (PENNYCOOK, 2010) com participantes de um workshop e alunos de Prática de Ensino de Inglês em Letras. As oportunidades criadas também são embasadas por conceitos de zonas de contato (PRATT, 1992), as quais são transculturais, práticas translíngues (CANAGARAJAH, 2013) e multimodalidade (KRESS, 2003, 2010) que estão imbricados em perspectivas de letramentos críticos e autocrítica. A conclusão enfatiza processos e oportunidades que podem viabilizar mudanças desejadas no ensino de inglês para os anos iniciais.
Instituições, interesses, ideias e atores sociais: Uma análise do Pronacampo a partir da abordagem cognitiva
Authors: França Damiana de Matos Costa , Farenzena Nalú
Published: July 2018

O artigo trata da construção do Programa Nacional de Educação do Campo (Pronacampo) no período 2011 a 2014. São analisadas as ideias institucionalizadas que deram origem ao Pronacampo, os atores e os interesses envolvidos, a partir da abordagem cognitiva de análise de políticas públicas, com maior aproximação à perspectiva de Bruno Jobert e Ève Fouilleux. São abrangidos o fórum de produção de ideias, no qual os atores constroem suas ideias de acordo com interesses, instituições e relações de poder, e o fórum de comunidades de política pública, espaço de negociação e institucionalização das ideias. O estudo evidencia que o Pronacampo apresenta referenciais diferenciados e que refletem representações de atores distintos. Portanto, o Pronacampo expressa um referencial de política híbrido, ao agregar interesses opostos.
65 YEARS OF THE DOUBLE HELIX: Classification of endocrine tumors in the age of integrated genomics
Authors: Giordano Thomas J
Published: July 2018

The classification of human cancers represents one of the cornerstones of modern pathology. Over the last century, surgical pathologists established the current taxonomy of neoplasia using traditional histopathological parameters, which include tumor architecture, cytological features and cellular proliferation. This morphological classification is efficient and robust with high reproducibility and has served patients and health care providers well. The most recent decade has witnessed an explosion of genome-wide molecular genetic and epigenetic data for most cancers, including tumors of endocrine organs. The availability of this expansive multi-dimensional genomic data, collectively termed the cancer genome, has catalyzed a re-examination of the classification of endocrine tumors. Here, recent cancer genome studies of various endocrine tumors, including those of the thyroid, pituitary and adrenal glands, pancreas, small bowel, lung and skin, are presented with special emphasis on how genomic insights are impacting endocrine tumor classification.
Burocracia estatal: entre la internacionalización y la territorialidad
Authors: CIOLLI Vanesa Paola
Published: July 2018

El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar las modalidades de configuración de las formas institucionales y las prácticas cotidianas de las burocracias estatales a partir de sus articulaciones con instituciones financieras internacionales, y comprender su significación en el marco de los procesos de internacionalización del estado y de territorialización del conflicto sociopolítico durante el siglo XXI en América Latina. Para ello se analiza el papel desempeñado por dos ciclos de préstamos del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo al estado nacional argentino entre 2003 y 2015. De este modo, se sintetizan los principales debates teóricos acerca de la burocracia estatal y se exponen los mecanismos concretos que asumió su configuración, a partir de los préstamos seleccioandos y de su vinculación los procesos políticos a escala territorial. El análisis interpretativo propone como tesis principal que la configuración burocrática del estado nacional estuvo determinada por una articulación escalar compleja, que condensó una articulación funcional entre los dispositivos de homogeneización del aparato estatal desplegados por dicho Banco a escala global y una lógica de acumulación política peculiar del estado nacional a nivel local. Y se propone que ello se vincula a la necesidad de fortalecimiento de la capacidad hegemónica estatal al interior de su territorio.