bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approach and Algorithm for Evaluating the Allowed Signal/Noise Ratio of Robotic Lidars under External Influences
Authors: Mamchenko M. V.
Published: February 2023

Purpose or research. The aim of the study is to ensure the safe operation of robotics by developing methods, approaches and algorithms for information processing, and describing their functioning.

Methods. The paper proposes an approach to estimation allowed signal/noise ratio (SNR) for robotic LiDARs based on the predetermined probability of occurrence of «false alarm» under unintended influences. The synthesized probabilistic approach is based on the physical fundaments of infrared radiation, and the Bayesian theory using the Neyman-Pearson criterion. The feature of the proposed approach is the use of the given threshold of «false alarm» occurrence, and the probability of occurrence of interference in the analytical apparatus, as well as consideration of the characteristics of photodetectors. This allows expressing analytically and calculating the value of the allowed SNR when stabilizing the level of «false alarms» against background noise caused by this type of interference.

Results. The formed and presented dependencies can be used as one of the operating characteristics in the development and selection of optoelectronic system of LiDAR’s measurement system. Based on the fixed value of «false alarm», and the resulting graphical expression of the operating characteristic (obtained characteristics) it is possible to choose a LiDARs system with necessary technical parameters.

Conclusion. The probabilistic approach and the corresponding algorithm for selecting the threshold SNR value based on the Neyman-Pearson criterion were developed. The approach allows minimizing the probability of «ignoring» the object when scanning, since the probability of «false alarm» does not exceed the given threshold value. Mathematical and methodological support for the design of LiDARs is presented, taking into account a priori estimation of the allowed SNR value, and the probability of reflected pulse detection, without preliminary estimates of probabilistic characteristics of object detection. The presented algorithm has a set of raw data (in the form of the values of the received signal with a noise component) as an input. Its output is represented by a set of error probability dependencies for different SNR thresholds.
Method of Determining the Source of Messages Based on Processing the Time of Their Receipt
Authors: Tanygin M. О. , Plugatarev A. V. , Egorov S. I. , Loktionov A. P.
Published: February 2023

Purpose of researchis to create a method for determining the source of messages in the receiver, which allows, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the distribution of the time of receipt of messages, to increase the reliability of determining the source.

Methods.Authentication of the message source is based on statistical analysis of metadata values, which in this study are the time intervals between messages. The metadata processing model is based on the well-known model of receiving messages from the target source in LoRaWAN networks. At the same time, the source was determined using coding methods in the block coupling mode, which provide higher identification reliability for short-length messages characteristic of the specified type of networks. With the help of numerical modeling, the patterns of changes in the characteristics of the time of receipt of messages in the event of an identification error were determined. The decision-making rule is also formulated in case of impossibility of authentication based on processing the contents of identification fields. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the application of the source detection model in various ranges of parameters for the formation of message sequences.

Results.The result of the conducted research is the development of an authentication method based on the analysis of the time of receipt of messages to the receiver, which differs in that it uses the characteristics of the distribution of moments of high orders for a series of time delays as the analyzed data. Its use in combination with coding methods in the message concatenation mode reduces the probability of a single message replacement error in a sequence by 4-6 times, compared with methods that perform identification only based on the results of processing the identifiers of the messages themselves.

Conclusion.The result of experimental studies has shown the possibility of using the developed method to increase the reliability of determining the authenticity of the source of messages, the possibility of reducing the number of reinquiries that occur when errors are detected, the possibility of reducing the size of additional identifier fields in each message. The resulting effect will be expressed in a general increase in the bandwidth of the communication channel between remote components of a distributed system.
Load Balancer of Data in a Distributed Network via Nginx Proxy Server
Authors: Nikishin K. I.
Published: February 2023

Purpose of research.Is investigation of a software method for balancing data in a distributed network via an Nginx proxy server.

Methods.In a computer network load balancer of data is an important network parameter. Due to load balancer in the network, the transmission delay may decrease or increase, the spread from the average jitter value. Thus, load balancer in the network affects the time characteristics and network bandwidth. Load balancer can be managed and optimized in both software and hardware ways. The article focuses on load balancer of data at the application level of applications. Hardware load balancer, which is solved within the framework of network equipment itself, for example, in switches, is briefly considered. This is handled by the queue manager in the Ethernet switch, which manages the bandwidth and queues. Cyclic algorithms are described, as well as an algorithm with time selection of frames in dispatcher of switch that implement effective hardware load balancer. Software load balancer of data in the network is considered. A web server and an Nginx reverse proxy server were used as software load balancer, 3 Docker containers based on Asp.net applications running on different environments.

Results.The network was configured and the cyclic load balancer algorithm was used in the Nginx server. A research of a network with a different number of environments in the network, web servers, data requests was conducted. The cyclic load balancer of data in Nginx is more efficient than the random algorithm, this has been shown during experiments.

Conclusion.Hardware and software load balancer algorithms in a distributed network were considered and investigated. Cyclic load balancer of data has made it possible to increase the network bandwidth, its efficiency and performance.
A Profile of Occupational Therapy in Australian Education
Authors: Pozorski Georgia , Macbeth Matthew , Gilbert-Hunt Susan , Boshoff Kobie
Published: February 2023

There is growing evidence for the need for occupational therapists in government-funded primary schools and preschools across Australia. Anecdotally and through some evidence sources, such as documented school policies and an international mapping review conducted in 2019 (Boshoff, Bowen and Gilbert-Hunt), it is evident that there are inconsistencies surrounding the role of occupational therapists across the different states and territories. In order to enable advocacy and further development of the roles, we aimed to establish a clear description of the role of occupational therapy in education, through collaboration with key stakeholders and information gathering from occupational therapists around Australia.

As part of a student project, we gathered information from representatives from each state and territory, utilised existing documentation and worked with a steering group to consolidate the information and develop a summary report describing the role of occupational therapy in Australian education. We gathered information about the employment and funding of occupational therapists in schools, the service delivery models used, strengths of certain models and the challenges facing occupational therapists in schools.

As primary outcome of this project, we provide a description of the occupational therapy role in Australian government-funded preschools and primary schools. The information gathered highlights the variation in occupational therapy presence, employment and service delivery across states and territories in Australia. It is evident that the majority of states and territories lack easily accessible documentation of the occupational therapy presence, employment and service delivery models. Key strengths and challenges were identified. Various recommendations are made for the profession and education communities to further progress the role in education nation-wide.
Improvements to Virtual Reality Trainings for Healthcare Practitioners to De-Escalate Challenging Behaviors in Persons With Dementia: Interviews With Experts (Preprint)
Authors: Herath Thilini , Garcia Linda , Robitaille Annie
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

A common problem among healthcare practitioners (HCPs) for persons with dementia is difficult behaviours associated with dementia, which cause burnout and stress. One intervention to help HCPs de-escalate these behaviours is virtual reality (VR) trainings, which simulate those stressful behaviours. However, current VR trainings lack important elements; these trainings are unrealistic and users cannot practice skills or interact with the virtual environment.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to formulate improvements to VR trainings in order to enhance HCPs’ skills. The goal was to increase interaction between the user and virtual environment in order to induce anxiety, generate feedback, and evaluate the user’s skills.

METHODS

The three areas for improvement are in the clinical, technological, and educational assessment aspects of this training. To inform next steps, thirteen experts were interviewed using a questionnaire developed around six themes: practical skill acquisition; feedback; evaluation of the user; measurement of skills/knowledge; interaction between the user and the virtual environment; realism; and elicitation of emotion from the user.

RESULTS

A total of eight experts participated in this research and their responses led to the identification of several themes related to, and building on, the original themes: interaction, feedback, evaluation, realism, elicitation of emotion, and practical considerations. Potential ideas for the next stage of this intervention include introducing branching scenarios, adapting the intervention for informal caregivers, and creating standardized evaluation, debriefing, and screening tools.

CONCLUSIONS

VR simulations for HCPs of persons with dementia must include greater opportunities for practicing de-escalation through interaction, using a variety of tools and methods.
Sexuality and Sexual and Reproductive Health Depiction in Social Media: Content Analysis of Kinyarwanda YouTube Channels (Preprint)
Authors: Uhawenimana Thierry Claudien , Musabwasoni Marie Grace Sandra , Nsengiyumva Richard , Mukamana Donatilla
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Social media platforms such as YouTube can be used to educate people of reproductive age about healthy and nonrisky sexual and reproductive health (SRH) practices and behaviors. However, there is a paucity of evidence to ascertain the authenticity of sexuality and SRH content on Kinyarwanda YouTube, making it difficult to determine the extent to which these topics are covered, the characteristics of available videos, and the themes covered by these videos.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were (1) to determine the extent to which YouTube channels in Kinyarwanda-language videos address sexuality and SRH issues, identify the general characteristics of the available videos (type of video, when published, intention for the audience, and content focus), and the aspects of sexuality and SRH covered; and (2) to identify the themes covered by retrieved Kinyarwanda videos, and the extent to which the channels have been used to communicate issues of sexuality and SRH during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Using a content analysis approach, we searched Kinyarwanda YouTube channels to analyze videos about sexuality and SRH. The adopted framework for data collection from social media platforms builds on three key steps: (1) development, (2) application, and (3) assessment of search filters. To be included, an audio and/or visual video had to be in Kinyarwanda and the video had to be directed to the general public. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages) were computed to characterize the basic characteristics of retrieved channels, portrayal of the videos, and presentation of sexuality and SRH themes that emerged from retrieved videos. Further analysis involved cross-tabulations to explore associations between the focus of the channel and the date when the channel was opened and the focus of the channel and who was involved in the video.

RESULTS

The YouTube search retrieved 21,506 videos that tackled sexuality and SRH topics. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 4-fold increase (from 7.2% to 30.6%) in channels that solely focused on sexually explicit content. The majority of the 1369 retrieved channels (n=1150, 84.0%) tackled the topic of sexuality, with sexually explicit content predominantly found in the majority of these videos (n=1082, 79%), and only 16% (n=287) of the videos covered SRH topics.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to analyze the use of YouTube in communicating about sexuality and SRH in the Kinyarwanda language. This study relied on videos that appeared online. Further research should gather information about who accesses the videos, and how channel owners and individuals involved in the videos perceive the impact of their videos on the Rwandan community’s sexuality and SRH.
Analisis Media Representasi Citra Diri (Studi Kasus Lesti dan Billar dalam Membangun Citra Diri Sebagai Keluarga Harmonis)
Authors: Sari Widya Ayu Nirmala , Harianto Sugeng
Published: February 2023

Di era modernisasi seperti saat ini, keberadaan teknologi begitu marak di kehidupan masyarakat. Teknologi juga menjadikan masyarakat mengenal adanya media sosial. Dalam sebuah media sosial seringkali menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara panggung depan dengan panggung belakang. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan apa yang ditunjukkan oleh Lesti dan Billar di media sosial mereka yang justru sangat berbeda dengan apa yang benar-benar terjadi di kehidupan nyata. Keluarga yang seharusnya harmonis dan bahagia tersebut justru diberitakan oleh media bahwa Billar melakukan tindak kekerasan terhadap Lesti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara Lesti dan Billar dalam mencitrakan diri mereka sebagai keluarga harmonis dalam perspektif teori dramaturgi. Adapun kebaruan dalam penelitian ini terdapat pada teknik analisis data yang menggunakan teknik analisis semiotika dari Roland Barthes. Teknik tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara Lesti dan Billar dalam mencitrakan diri mereka sebagai keluarga harmonis. Dengan penggunaan teknik analisis tersebut, maka metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data berupa konten YouTube Lesti dan Billar, jurnal-jurnal ilmiah, buku, internet, serta sumber-sumber lain yang relevan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cara Lesti dan Billar mencitrakan dirinya sebagai keluarga yang harmonis di media sosial YouTube yaitu dengan menunjukkan kepedulian terhadap satu sama lain di depan media, bersikap romantis terhadap istrinya dengan sering memberi kejutan, menunjukkan kekompakan antara keduanya, dan perhatian terhadap satu sama lain.
Black holes as clouded mirrors: the Hayden-Preskill protocol with symmetry
Authors: Nakata Yoshifumi , Wakakuwa Eyuri , Koashi Masato
Published: February 2023

The Hayden-Preskill protocol is a qubit-toy model of the black hole information paradox. Based on the assumption of scrambling, it was revealed that quantum information is instantly leaked out from the quantum many-body system that models a black hole. In this paper, we extend the protocol to the case where the system has symmetry and investigate how the symmetry affects the leakage of information. We especially focus on the conservation of the number of up-spins. Developing a partial decoupling approach, we first show that the symmetry induces a delay of leakage and an information remnant. We then clarify the physics behind them: the delay is characterized by thermodynamic properties of the system associated with the symmetry, and the information remnant is closely related to the symmetry-breaking of the initial state. These relations bridge the information leakage problem to macroscopic physics of quantum many-body systems and allow us to investigate the information leakage only in terms of physical properties of the system.
The impact of organizational culture and leadership styles on the performance of public organizations
Authors: Almahasneh Yousef Amin Salman , Rahman Mohd Shaari Bin Abd , Omar Khatijah Binti , Zulkiffli Siti Nur Atikah
Published: February 2023

When comparing actual outputs of an organization to its expected results, aims, and objectives, this is referred to as organizational performance (Abuzarqa, 2019; Al Khajeh, 2018). Therefore, this study is to determine the impact of organizational culture and leadership styles on the performance of Jordanian government organizations. The total number of respondents in this survey was 168, and they were divided into Jordanian government employees. The quantitative analysis test, which includes the validity test, reliability test, classic assumptions test, and hypothesis test, is used in the data analysis process. Organizational culture and leadership styles are independent variables in this study. Organizations’ performance is the dependent variable in this study. The findings of this study reveal that organizational culture and leadership styles have a significant or minor impact on the performance of Jordanian public organizations. The two independent variables have a significant point that supports the hypothesis. As a result, it is widely assumed that organizational culture and leadership styles have an impact on the functioning of Jordanian government organizations. Future studies may examine managerial support as a moderating variable between organizational culture and leadership styles and performance.
Think-Tank 0.0
Authors: Yamil Hasbun Chavarría  , Pamela Jiménez Jiménez
Published: February 2023

Systematiation of the experiences lived in a space of reflection and dialog among teachers, researchers and students from various artistic and design fields. This particular activity, coined ‘think-tank 0.0’ is the culmination of three similar experiences in which the Nodos team explored how the concept of ‘Artistic Research’ takes shape in practice and as a complex system of intertwined concepts. Hence, the ‘think-tank’ experience initiates with a ‘hands on’ exercise in which participants construct a personal interpretation of a certain ‘phenomenon’ (i.e. Body, light, space and movement) by means of ordering images, drawings, objects, sounds, materials and bodies as symbolic representations of meaningful concepts. Followed these hands-on experiments, participants reflect on the methodological processes followed to construct their interpretations while exposing what sort of learnings, limitations and opportunities where identified. Finally, the various participants engage in a dialogue about their common findings, interests, and sensibilities, allowing them to identify potential theoretical, methodological, epistemological, and empathic partnerships for the future. At the same time, this space for interaction allowed participants to further experience the heterogeneity and similarity of CIDEA’s artistic research constellation and identity.
Habilidades de Pensamiento Aplicadas a la Investigación Científica
Authors: Romero-Morett Miguel Agustín
Published: February 2023

El conocimiento científico es contrapuesto a otras formas de conocimiento, como el cotidiano, el sentido común, el filosófico, el de las ciencias sociales y más aún de la religión y la mitología. Se asume que dicho conocimiento es expresión de la verdad, que sus indicadores son incuestionables y que está concentrada en los laboratorios A la vez, se reconoce que la ciencia es un entretejido de errores y aciertos, de falsedades perdurables y de verdades transitorias.
Pre-fatigue damage on the mechanical properties of Q690D steel
Authors: ZONG Liang , Liu Heng , Si Qi , Chung Kwai-Fai
Published: February 2023

This article aims to analyze the influence of high cycle fatigue damage
on the mechanical properties and low cycle fatigue performance of Q690D.
Monotonic tensile and cyclic loading tests were performed on Q690D
specimens with different degrees of high cycle fatigue damage.
Degradation models were established to describe the declining trending
of mechanical properties with the increase of pre-fatigue damage.
Manson-Coffin models for Q690D steels of different pre-damage levels
were established. Besides, a comparison was presented between Q690D and
Q355B. The research work in this article provides a fundamental
reference for the appropriate assessment of the mechanical performance
of Q690D high-strength steel structures after long-term alternating
loading.
Conspecific nest attendance behaviour of Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) in response to Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) foraging activity: error or intent?
Authors: Simone Cassandra , Geldart Erica , Semeniuk Christina , Love Oliver , Gilchrist Grant , Barnas Andrew
Published: February 2023

Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) is a colonial nesting sea duck with extremely high nest attendance rates. Although individuals take few recess breaks away from their nest to feed or preen, previous research has shown that some female eiders in dense nesting assemblages engage in conspecific nest attendance, spending short amounts of time incubating nests of other females. However, to the best of our knowledge, most observations of these behaviours occur during regular recess events, as opposed to instances where females flush from their nest in response to a foraging predator. Using drone videography on East Bay Island, northern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, Canada, we observed conspecific nest attendance behaviours in 11 eiders that flushed in response to a foraging Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus). Of the 11 birds attending to other nests, only two predation events were observed at the focal bird’s nest (i.e., two attenders’ own nests were predated). Of the nine nests that were attended to, we also only observed two predation events. Motivations behind these behaviours are unclear, but conspecific nest attendance may serve as a type of distraction display, whereby activity at another female’s nest leads the predator away from the focal bird’s nest. However, given that, on East Bay Island, eiders are known to nest in proximity to kin, distraction displays at nests of related individuals would incur fitness costs. General confusion on nest location or the concealment of closely related eggs are more likely explanations for these behaviours.
RESNETCNN: An abnormal network traffic flows detection model
Authors: Li Yimin , Han Dezhi , Cui Mingming , Yuan Fan , Zhou Yachao
Published: February 2023

Intrusion detection is an important means to protect system security by detecting intrusions or intrusion attempts on the system through operational behaviors, security logs, and data audit. However, existing intrusion detection systems suffer from incomplete data feature extraction and low classification accuracy, which affects the intrusion detection effect. To this end, this paper proposes an intrusion detection model that fuses residual network (RESNET) and parallel crossconvolutional neural network, called RESNETCCN. RESNETCNN can efficiently learn various data stream features through the fusion of deep learning and convolutional neural network (CNN), which improves the detection accuracy of abnormal data streams in unbalanced data streams, moreover, the oversampling method into the data preprocessing, to extract multiple types of unbalanced data stream features at the same time, effectively solving the problems of incomplete data feature extraction and low classification accuracy of unbalanced data streams. Finally, three improved versions of RESNETCNN networks are designed to meet the requirements of different traffic data processing, and the highest detection accuracy reaches 99.98% on the CICIDS 2017 dataset and 99.90% on the ISCXIDS 2012 dataset.
Physical Activity and Insulin Sensitivity Independently Attenuate the Effect of FTO rs9939609 on Obesity
Authors: Andersen Mette K. , Ängquist Lars , Bork-Jensen Jette , Jonsson Anna E. , Stinson Sara E. , Sandholt Camilla H. , Thodberg Malte , Pikkupeura Laura Maarit , Ongstad Emily L. , Grarup Niels , Astrup Arne , Pedersen Oluf , Williams Kristine , Barrès Romain , Sørensen Thorkild I.A. , Linneberg Allan , Grimsby Joseph , Rhodes Christopher J. , Hansen Torben
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

The association between FTO rs9939609 and obesity is modified by physical activity (PA) and/or insulin sensitivity (IS). We aimed to assess whether these modifications are independent, to assess whether PA and/or IS modify the association between rs9939609 and cardiometabolic traits, and to elucidate underlying mechanisms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Genetic association analyses comprised up to 19,585 individuals. PA was self-reported, and IS was defined based on inverted HOMA insulin resistance index. Functional analyses were performed in muscle biopsies from 140 men and in cultured muscle cells.

RESULTS

The BMI-increasing effect of the FTO rs9939609 A allele was attenuated by 47% with high PA (β [SE], −0.32 [0.10] kg/m2, P = 0.0013) and by 51% with high IS (−0.31 [0.09] kg/m2, P = 0.00028). Interestingly, these interactions were essentially independent (PA, −0.20 [0.09] kg/m2, P = 0.023; IS, −0.28 [0.09] kg/m2, P = 0.0011). The rs9939609 A allele was also associated with higher all-cause mortality and certain cardiometabolic outcomes (hazard ratio, 1.07–1.20, P > 0.04), and these effects tended to be weakened by greater PA and IS. Moreover, the rs9939609 A allele was associated with higher expression of FTO in skeletal muscle tissue (0.03 [0.01], P = 0.011), and in skeletal muscle cells, we identified a physical interaction between the FTO promoter and an enhancer region encompassing rs9939609.

CONCLUSIONS

Greater PA and IS independently reduced the effect of rs9939609 on obesity. These effects might be mediated through altered expression of FTO in skeletal muscle. Our results indicated that PA and/or other means of increasing insulin sensitivity could counteract FTO-related genetic predisposition to obesity.
Effects of extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infections after instrumented spinal fusion: a cohort study of 901 patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year
Authors: Menendez Garcia Miguel , Otermin Maya Iñaki , Librero Lopez Julian , Gutierrez Dubois Jorge , Manrique Cuevas Diego , Alaez Cruz Jose Ignacio , Azcona Salvatierra Leyre , Ayechu Diaz Isabel , Hidalgo Ovejero Angel M
Published: February 2023

Background and purpose: We aimed to determine whether an extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis protocol may reduce the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing instrumented spinal fusion.Patients and methods: This retrospective cohort study comprise 901 consecutive patients subjected to spinal fusion between September 2011 and December 2018 with a minimum 1-year follow-up. 368 patients operated on between September 2011 and August 2014 were administered standard intravenous prophylaxis. 533 patients operated on between September 2014 and December 2018 were administered an extended protocol with 500 mg of oral cefuroxime axetil every 12 hours (clindamycin or levofloxacin in allergic individuals) until the removal of sutures. SSI was defined following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. The association between risk factors and the incidence of SSI was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) with a multiple logistic regression model.Results: The bivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between SSI and the type of prophylaxis used (“extended”’ = 1.7% vs. “standard” = 6.2%, p= 0.001), with a lower proportion of superficial SSIs with the extended regimen (0.8% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.001). The multiple logistic regression model showed an OR = 0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10–0.53) for extended prophylaxis and an OR = 3.5 (CI 1.3–8.1) for non-beta-lactams antibiotics.Conclusion: Extended antibiotic prophylaxis seems to be associated with a reduction in the incidence of superficial SSI in instrumented spine surgery.
Metaplasia: transformation of views
Authors: Deev R. V , Indeikin F. A
Published: February 2023

"Metaplasia” is a concept of differentiated cells and tissues transformation that has been discussed since the second half of the19th century. The issues of the research were the essence, mechanisms and role in histogenetic and pathological process. The aim of this review is an attempt to trace and analyse the evolution of ideas about cells and tissues transformation possibilities beginning from the R. Virchow observations (1958). Also there is a need to correlate them with the modern understanding of the issues of the of opportunities in cell differentiation and the underlying pathological processes.
Telocytes: localization, structure, functions and significance in pathology
Authors: Odintsova I. A , Slutskaya D. R , Berezovskaya T. I
Published: February 2023

The review article presents the material analyzing and summarizing the information about the localization, ultramicroscopic structure, functions and significance in pathological processes of newly discovered cells - telocytes. The information about molecular markers of telocytes are considered. The questions about the tissue belonging of these cells are discussed, the relevance of studying their role in the development of pathological processes in different organs is emphasized. The analysis of literature data was carried out taking into account the fundamental provisions of the doctrine of the cell-differon organization of tissues.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO ENSINO EM DOR NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA ANÁLISE DE LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA SELECIONADOS PELO PNLD/2018
Authors: Ferraz Cardozo Gustavo , Sanches Pereira Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo baseia-se em uma pesquisa que investiga o ensino da dor baseado em evidências no Ensino Médio, nas mudanças propostas pela International Association for the Study of Pain e numa revisão de métodos mistos publicada em 2022, no BJPT - nortearam esse estudo. O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar a importância do tema dor abordado em livros didáticos do Ensino Médio. Sendo assim, lançou-se mão de metodologia de cunho qualitativo, empreendendo-se um estudo descritivo dos livros didáticos de Biologia indicados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio. A análise considerou a ausência do tópico, concluindo a necessidade da criação de uma forma didática para o ensino em dor nas salas de aula buscando mudanças de paradigma e implementação dos novos conceitos sobre o tema para divulgação do modelo biopsicossocial na formação dos adolescentes promovendo ferramentas atuais para uma condição mais ampla de cuidados em saúde.
Post-Nietzschean Contributions to Translation
Authors: Milhim Alwadani Essa
Published: February 2023

Post-Nietzschean thought has subverted the metaphysics of essentialist Platonic thinking about meaning. It has made significant contributions to elevating translation to a superior position after being considered inferior and secondary by essentialist thinking for more than two millennia. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question: What insights do we gain from post-Nietzschean thought into meaning, and how might these impact the future of translation? We will shed light on some of the significant post-Nietzschean contributions that have paved the way for various insights into translation. These insights primarily contradict the essentialist viewpoint on the concept of meaning in translation, which has long regarded translation as inferior to the original. This paper adopts a corpus-based method that focuses mainly on Jorge Luis Borges’ enriching analysis of The Translators of The Thousand and One Night and Jacques Derrida’s reasonable letter entitled A Letter to a Japanese Friend. It also incorporates some other relevant arguments, including the work of Rosemary Arrojo, which contrasts many key post-Nietzschean contributions to provide anti-platonic perspectives on translation’s role in the formation of meaning and identity. This study suggests that post-Nietzschean perspectives on meaning may prompt us to reconsider our understanding of meaning and the original text, as well as our approach to translating and teaching translation.
La adaptación del ordenamiento jurídico español al Instrumento de Recuperación de la Unión Europea “Next Generation EU”
Authors: Valle Camacho María
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo presenta uno de los nuevos fondos aprobados por la Unión Europea para hacer frente a las consecuencias socioeconómicas negativas derivadas de la pandemia del COVID-19 en los Estados miembros, el Instrumento de Recuperación de la Unión Europea Next Generation EU, así como uno de los programas que lo componen, el Mecanismo de Recuperación y Resiliencia. Asimismo, se estudia con detalle la legislación aprobada en España para la recepción de estos fondos y su repercusión sobre el régimen jurídico de las subvenciones públicas financiables con fondos europeos.
ISLAM DI IRAN: Dari Era Umar ibn al-Khattāb Hingga Ahmadinejad
Authors: . Asmullah
Published: February 2023

The main problem in this paper is trying to study or elaborate in depth about Islam in Iran from the era of Umar ibn Khattāb to Ahmadinejad. To answer this problem, the author tries to trace, explore and analyze several books, books, opinions of historians and various related writings in order to obtain a deeper and more accurate understanding.The results of the study of this paper show that during the leadership of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (634-644 AD), the territory of the Persian Empire (Iran) began to be conquered in various battles. From 634 AD to 820 AD, the territory of Persia (Iran) was successively under the rule of the Khulafa' al-Rasyidin, the Umayyad dynasty, and the Abbasid dynasty.

If one contemplates or examines the long span of Islamic history in Persia (Iran), the Persians (Iran) have played and contributed quite a bit, both in terms of the spread of Islamic teachings to the Eastern parts of the world, as well as in terms of the development of Islamic culture and civilization. . The spread and expansion of Islamic territory to the eastern world cannot be separated from the role of Iran which is at the gate of the eastern world. This can be seen from the entry of Islam into Persia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, China, Malaysia and Indonesia. Persia (Iran) as an Islamic country which has privileges from various interesting aspects to study and elaborate on even when Ahmadinejad was elected as president he was one of those people who lived a simple life. He is also known as a conservative figure who is very loyal to the values ​​of the Islamic Revolution in Iran.Islam, Iran, History, Umar Ibn al-Khattab,Ahmadijenad
GURU SEBAGAI PILAR UTAMA PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Wahab Jamal
Published: February 2023

The teacher is a role model, both in terms of knowledge and personality for his students. The role of the teacher is contained in article 3 of Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, which states that national education functions to develop capabilities and form dignified national character and civilization in the context of educating the nation's life, aims to develop the potential of students to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, have good morals noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and a democratic and responsible citizen. Character in Greek and Latin, character comes from the word charassein which means to carve a permanent and indelible pattern. Character or character is a combination of all human traits that are permanent so that it becomes a special sign to distinguish one person from another. Individuals with good character are individuals who can make decisions and are ready to take responsibility for any consequences of the decisions they make. three stages of character formation, namely: Moral knowing, namely understanding well in children about the meaning of goodness. Moral feeling, namely building a love of good behavior in children which will become a source of energy for children to behave well. Moral feeling is strengthening the emotional aspects of students to become human beings with character. This reinforcement is related to the forms of attitude that must be felt by students, namely awareness of identity, self-confidence, sensitivity to the suffering of others, love of truth, self-control, and humility. Moral action is how to make moral knowledge into real action.
MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA TUNANETRA MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PANDIKAR BERKODE BRAILLE
Authors: Rumantiningsih Dini Ken , Astuti Erni Puji , Purwoko Riawan Yudi
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media PANDIKAR (Papan Koordinat Kartesius) berkode braille yang merupakan salah satu alternatif media pembelajaran matematika untuk siswa tunanetra pada materi sistem koordinat kartesius. Keterbatasan indera penglihatan yang dimiliki oleh siswa tunanetra membuat mereka mengalami kesulitan untuk memahami materi sistem koordinat kartesius dikarenakan sebagian besar materi tersebut mengandung informasi visual. Penggunaan media ini akan mempermudah siswa untuk belajar dikarenakan media ini memiliki komponen-komponen yang dibutuhkan oleh siswa tunanetra. Tahapan Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation (ADDIE) digunakan sebagai model pengembangan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, angket, tes hasil belajar, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data. Lembar validasi, lembar kepraktisan, lembar respon siswa, pedoman wawancara, dan soal tes merupakan instrumen yang digunakan peneliti. Media dikatakan layak jika sesuai dengan kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial digunakan oleh peneliti sebagai teknik untuk menganalisis data. Setelah analsis data, penilaian validasi produk dikategorikan sangat valid dengan skor 4,85, penilaian kepraktisan sangat baik dengan skor 4,375, dan penilaian keefektifan yang berasal dari (a) respon siswa sangat positif dengan persentase 90,625%, dan (b) hasil tes evaluasi belajar siwa berhasil melebihi Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Papan Koordinat Kartesius berkode braille layak digunakan serta dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika pada siswa tunanetra.
PENDAMPINGAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Bahar Herwina , Sundi Venni Herli , , Iswan
Published: February 2023

Masa pandemi covid 19 membawa permasalahan baru terhadap kesulitan belajar siswa di rumah, hal ini membutuhkan peran serta orang tua dalam mendampingi kesulitan belajar anaknya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pendampingan orang tua dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika pada masa pandemi covid 19. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 157 responden yang terdiri dari orang tua siswa kelas IV, V, dan VI SD Lab School FIP-UMJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi orang tua dan guru sangat baik (31,21%) dan 64,97% baik. 91,08% orang tua melakukan pendampingan belajar anaknya ketika menghadapi kesulitan belajar. Sementara itu 35,03% orang tua menyiapkan ruangan khusus untuk anaknya belajar dan 38,22% orang tua menyiapkan waktu khusus untuk anaknya belajar. Kesulitan yang dihadapi orang tua dalam pendampingan anaknya 50,96% adalah tentang materi pelajaran dan permasalahan konsentrasi anak (35,67%). Sementara itu 70,70% orang tua mendalami materi pelajaran anak mereka dengan sungguh-sungguh, sehingga mereka dapat mengatasi secara langsung kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh anaknya, dengan strategi 71,34% orang tua mengkondisikan waktu belajar anak di rumah sesuai dengan jadwal yang diberikan dari sekolah, meskipun ada kendala yang dihadapi adalah kesibukan orang tua (50,96%). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa orang tua SD Lab School FIP-UMJ melakukan pendampingan dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika dengan mempelajari dan mencermati secara langsung pelajaran matematika, mengalokasikan waktu belajar di rumah sesuai dengan jadwal yang ditentukan dan menjalin komunikasi aktif dengan guru untuk mengatasi berbagai macam kedala dan kesulitan belajar.
FENOMENA LITERASI SPASIAL SISWA: STUDI PADA GEOMETRI RUANG
Authors: Mas’udah Itsna Lailatul , Sudirman Sudirman , Susanto Hery , Rofiki Imam
Published: February 2023

Literasi spasial merupakan komponen penting yang harus dikuasai siswa. Literasi spasial mendukung pemahaman siswa tentang geometri ruang yang erat kaitannya dengan dunia nyata. Namun, fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi spasial siswa rendah. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini menyelidiki fenomena literasi spasial siswa pada pemecahan masalah geometri ruang. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Peneliti memberikan soal literasi spasial kepada 5 siswa kelas XII SMA dan meminta siswa menyelesaikannya. Kemudian, wawancara dilakukan kepada setiap siswa secara individu. Pada artikel ini, peneliti mendeskripsikan satu siswa yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi tertulis dan lisan paling baik di antara keempat siswa lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga domain literasi spasial, siswa hanya mampu mencapai semua indikator-indikator domain visualisasi dan penalaran. Sedangkan untuk indikator-indikator domain komunikasi, siswa hanya mencapai dua dari empat indikator.
PENERAPAN SCAFFOLDING SEBAGAI SOLUSI MEMINIMALISIR KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH SPLDV
Authors: Purwasih Silviana Maya , Rahmadhani Erika
Published: February 2023

Kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah matematis menunjukkan adanya kesulitan yang mereka alami dalam memahami suatu konsep. Sehingga dibutuhkan suatu upaya untuk menyelesaikan permasalah tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerapan scaffolding yang diberikan kepada subjek berdasarkan bentuk kesalahan yang dilakukan. Kesalahan tersebut sebelumnya telah dianalisis berdasarkan tahapan kastolan. Adapun bentuk scaffolding yang diterapkan berupa tiga tingkatan yaitu, 1) lingkungan belajar yang mendukung, 2) interaksi langsung antara guru dan siswa; meliputi tahap explaining, reviewing, serta restructuring, dan 3) penekanan berfikir konseptual. Pada tahap lingkungan belajar yang mendukung, proses penerapan scaffolding diberikan melalui Google Meet setelah pemberian tes tahap 1 dan 2 melalui google classroom dan WhatsApp Group. Perubahan lingkungan belajar ini juga bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan tahap interaksi langsung antara guru dan siswa. Pada tahap kedua, scaffolding diberikan berupa penjelasan ulang tentang metode penyelesaian SPLDV, peninjauan hasil pekerjaan siswa, dan merestrukturasi materi bahasan yang dirasa sulit. Pada tahap ketiga peneliti memberikan penekanan tentang perbedaan metode eliminasi dan substitusi yang kerap menyebabkan siswa mengalami kesulitan. Melalui analisis yang telah dilakukan tersebut, didapat data sebagai berikut: dari 3 subjek terpilih diketahui 2 subjek penelitian mengalami perubahan positif setelah pemberian scaffolding, sedangkan 1 subjek yang lainnya tidak menunjukkan adanya perubahan positif.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATICS ENGLISH SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM TERPADU AL-AZHAR 15 PAMULANG
Authors: Widyaningsih Sawitri Ayu , Yuni Chairunissa Mustika , Fairuz Ismi , Cahya Saputri Nilanda , Destiani Sabrila , Astriyani Arlin
Published: February 2023

Matematika merupakan mata pelajaran yang kurang diminati kalangan para pelajar, karena menganggap bahwa matematika itu sulit. Saat pembelajaran kerap kali mereka bermalas-malasan yang dapat menyebabkan banyak masalah seperti kurangnya pemahaman konsep, tidak berkembangnya kreatifitas pola berpikir, nilai tidak memuaskan, dan lain-lain. Beberapa sekolah khususnya sekolah Islam terpadu, berdasarkan pengalaman pada saat memberikan pelajaran kepada siswa Sekolah Islam Terpadu tersebut ada mata pelajaran Mathematics English yang dimana pelajaran tersebut di luar pelajaran matematika pada umumnya. Untuk mengetahui seberapa pentingnya  serta seberapa butuh media pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran Mathematics English dan mengidentifikasi hambatan media apa saja dalam kebutuhan media pembelajaran, Penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan dan analisis data secara mendalam terhadap guru dan siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran sangat penting untuk mendukung pembelajaran Mathematics English Agar siswa semangat belajar dan mengasah imajinasi mereka melalui media tersebut.
PERAN ETIKA DAN PROFESI KEPENDIDIKAN DALAM MEMBANGUN NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER MAHASISWA CALON GURU SD
Authors: Setiyaningsih Dewi
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh karakter-karakter mahasiswa yang harus dibangun untukmenyiapkan mereka menjadi calon guru SD yang berakhlak mulia dan sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman.Dalam hal ini upaya yang dilakukan untuk membangun karakter mahasiswa PGSD dengan caramenempatkan perkuliahan Etika dan Profesi Kependidikan sebagai wadah untuk memberikanpendidikan karakter bagi mahasiswa PGSD. Guru yang professional bukan hanya guru yangmengandalkan materi semata, namun kualitas moral dan menjunjung tinggi nilai – nilai kode etikprofesi. Penelitian ini akan membahas beberapa kajian, antara lain (1) Karakter bagi calon guru SD;(2) Perencanaan Penanaman nilai-nilai kaakter dalam mata kulia Etika dan Profesi Kependidikan;(3) Langkah-langkah Kontribusi Mata Kuliah Etika Profesi dan Kependidikan dalam menanamkannilai-nilai karakter; (4) Integritas Mata Kuliah Etika Profesi dan Kependidikan dalam membangunKarakter Mahasiswa; (5) Evaluasi Proses Penerapan mata kuliah etika dan profesi kependidikan.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DAN MANAJEMEN KELAS TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sholehuddin Sholehuddin , Wardani Rahmawati Kusuma
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bahwa pengaruh lingkungan sekolah dan manajemen kelas terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh lingkungan sekolah dan manajemen kelas yang kurang kondusif serta kurangnya motivasi belajar pada siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Adapun pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Karang Tengah 10 pada siswa kelas tinggi, yaitu kelas IVa, Va, dan VIa. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji regresi sederhana untuk mencari pengaruh variabel X terhadap variabel Y dan uji regresi berganda untuk mencari pengaruh variabel X1 dan X2 terhadap variabel Y dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 (5%) dengan jumlah sampel 70 responden. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh lingkungan sekolah terhadap motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 28,4%. Terdapat pengaruh manajemen kelas terhadap motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 33,2%. Dan terdapat pengaruh lingkungan sekolah dan manajemen kelas terhadap motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 37,4% Kata kunci: lingkungan sekolah, manajemen kelas, motivasi belajar