bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reality of embedded drug purchasing practices: Understanding the sociocultural and economic aspects of the use of medicines in Bangladesh
Authors: Miah Md. Shahgahan , Sherer Penchan Pradubmook , Sumpradit Nithima , Sringernyuang Luechai
Published: June 2023

Background

Purchasing drugs with or without prescription from retail drug shops is common practice in Bangladesh. However, what actually takes place between the drug seller and customer during the transaction is under-researched. This study explores the drug purchasing practices which underlie the socio-cultural and economic aspects of a Bangladeshi city.

Methods

Adopting ethnographic methods, we conducted thirty in-depth interviews (IDIs) with customers, patients, and sales assistants, and ten key informant interviews (KIIs) with drug sellers, experienced sales assistants and pharmaceutical company representatives. Thirty hours were spent observing drug sellers’ and buyers’ conversations and interactions for medicine. A total of 40 heterogeneous participants were purposively selected from three drug stores. Transcribed data were coded, and analyzed thematically.

Results

We found through thematic analysis that some individuals visited the drug store with fixed ideas about the name, brand, and dose of the drugs they wanted. Among the 30 IDIs participants, most individuals come without any preconceived ideas, describe their symptoms, and negotiate purchases with the expectation of quick remedies. Cultural practices of buying medicines in full or partial course of doses, with or without prescription, trust in sellers, and positive previous experiences of medications shape the drug purchasing behavior, regardless of any preconceived ideas concerning brand name, and dose. Few customers (n = 7) sought drugs by trade name, but most drug sellers often offered a generic substitute because selling non-brand drugs is more profitable. Notably, many of the clients (n = 13) bought drugs through installment payments and with loans.

Conclusion

Community people choose and purchase the most necessary medicines in a self-medicated way from shortly trained drug sellers that can harm individuals’ health and reduce the effectiveness of medication. In addition, the results of buying medicine through installments and loans suggest further research on the financial burden of consumers’ purchasing behavior. Policymakers, regulators, and healthcare professionals might implicate the study findings to deliver practical information on the rational use of medicines to sellers and customers.
Vitamin D status & associations with inflammation in older adults
Authors: Laird Eamon , O’Halloran Aisling M. , Molloy Anne M. , Healy Martin , Bourke Nollaig , Kenny Rose Anne
Published: June 2023

Research studies have observed associations of vitamin D with inflammation but data in representative older adult studies is lacking. We aimed to investigate the association of C-reactive protein (CRP) with vitamin D status in a representative sample of the older Irish population. The concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and CRP was measured in 5,381 community dwelling Irish adults aged ≥50 years from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Demographic, health and lifestyle variables were assessed by questionnaire and categorical proportions of CRP were generated by vitamin D status and age. Multi-nominal logistic regression was used to investigate the association of 25(OH)D and CRP status. The prevalence (mean; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)) of normal CRP status (0–5 mg/dL) was 83.9% (82.6–85.0%), elevated status (5–10 mg/dL) 11.0% (9.9–12.0%) and high status (>10 mg/dL) was 5.1% (4.5–5.8%). Mean (95% CI) CRP concentrations were lower in those with normal vs. deficient 25(OH)D status (2.02 mg/dL (1.95–2.08) vs. 2.60 mg/dL (2.41–2.82); p<0.0001). In a logistic regression analysis, those with insufficient or sufficient 25(OH)D status were less likely to have a high CRP status compared to those with deficient 25(OH)D status (insufficient: coefficient (CE) -0.732, 95% CI -1.12–0.33, p<0.0001; sufficient: CE -0.599, 95% CI -0.95–0.24, p = 0.001). In conclusion older adults with deficient vitamin D status had higher levels of inflammation as measured by CRP. Given that inflammation is an important pathological driver of chronic diseases of ageing, and that emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D therapy can reduce inflammation in some disease settings, optimising vitamin D status could represent an effective low risk/low-cost pathway to modulate inflammation in community dwelling older adults.
Autonomous aerial obstacle avoidance using LiDAR sensor fusion
Authors: Liang Qing , Wang Zilong , Yin Yafang , Xiong Wei , Zhang Jingjing , Yang Ziyi
Published: June 2023

The obstacle avoidance problem of
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mainly refers to the design of a method that can safely reach the target point from the starting point in an unknown flight environment. In this paper, we mainly propose an obstacle avoidance method composed of three modules: environment perception, algorithm obstacle avoidance and motion control. Our method realizes the function of reasonable and safe obstacle avoidance of UAV in low-altitude complex environments. Firstly, we use the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor to perceive obstacles around the environment. Next, the sensor data is processed by the vector field histogram (VFH) algorithm to output the desired speed of drone flight. Finally, the expected speed value is sent to the quadrotor flight control and realizes autonomous obstacle avoidance flight of the drone. We verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method in 3D simulation environment.
Machine learning in predicting outcomes for stroke patients following rehabilitation treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Zu Wanting , Huang Xuemiao , Xu Tianxin , Du Lin , Wang Yiming , Wang Lisheng , Nie Wenbo
Published: June 2023

Objective

This review aimed to summarize the use of machine learning for predicting the potential benefits of stroke rehabilitation treatments, to evaluate the risk of bias of predictive models, and to provide recommendations for future models.

Materials and methods

This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement and the CHARMS checklist. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CNKI databases were searched up to April 08, 2023. The PROBAST tool was used to assess the risk of bias of the included models.

Results

Ten studies within 32 models met our inclusion criteria. The optimal AUC value of the included models ranged from 0.63 to 0.91, and the optimal R2 value ranged from 0.64 to 0.91. All of the included models were rated as having a high or unclear risk of bias, and most of them were downgraded due to inappropriate data sources or analysis processes.

Discussion and conclusion

There remains much room for improvement in future modeling studies, such as high-quality data sources and model analysis. Reliable predictive models should be developed to improve the efficacy of rehabilitation treatment by clinicians.
Prediction of stock price movement using an improved NSGA-II-RF algorithm with a three-stage feature engineering process
Authors: Zeng Xiaohua , Cai Jieping , Liang Changzhou , Yuan Chiping
Published: June 2023

Prediction of stock price has been a hot topic in artificial intelligence field. Computational intelligent methods such as machine learning or deep learning are explored in the prediction system in recent years. However, making accurate predictions of stock price direction is still a big challenge because stock prices are affected by nonlinear, nonstationary, and high dimensional features. In previous works, feature engineering was overlooked. How to select the optimal feature sets that affect stock price is a prominent solution. Hence, our motivation for this article is to propose an improved many-objective optimization algorithm integrating random forest (I-NSGA-II-RF) algorithm with a three-stage feature engineering process in order to decrease the computational complexity and improve the accuracy of prediction system. Maximizing accuracy and minimizing the optimal solution set are the optimization directions of the model in this study. The integrated information initialization population of two filtered feature selection methods is used to optimize the I-NSGA-II algorithm, using multiple chromosome hybrid coding to synchronously select features and optimize model parameters. Finally, the selected feature subset and parameters are input to the RF for training, prediction, and iterative optimization. Experimental results show that the I-NSGA-II-RF algorithm has the highest average accuracy, the smallest optimal solution set, and the shortest running time compared to the unmodified multi-objective feature selection algorithm and the single target feature selection algorithm. Compared to the deep learning model, this model has interpretability, higher accuracy, and less running time.
Evaluation of near-infrared spectroscopy as a contactless method for health monitoring of resin-based coating materials applied to concrete surfaces
Authors: Watanabe Anri , Omiya Masayuki , Sato Makoto , Furukawa Hiromitsu , Fukuda Nobuko , Minagawa Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

The surfaces of concrete structures are often coated with protective materials to minimize corrosion and weathering-based deterioration. Therefore, it is important to monitor the aging of the coating materials and their overall condition to extend the service lifetime of the structure effectively. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a contactless, nondestructive, rapid, and convenient method for material characterization; therefore, it is useful for onsite inspection of coating materials. Hence, in this study, we attempt to determine whether NIRS can be used for simple inspection for health monitoring of organic resin-based coating materials. In addition to identifying different severities of peeling damage, we characterize the ultraviolet-induced deterioration of coating materials with different thicknesses using diffuse reflection spectra acquired in the near-infrared wavelength region. For independent comparison with the NIR spectra, the state of the coating materials on the mortar specimens was analyzed using a combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, while the state of the underlying mortar specimens was analyzed using permeability and salt-water immersion tests. The results confirm that the NIRS could detect the degradation of coating materials at early stages of deterioration before their permeability had been affected. NIRS offers the possibility of intermittent monitoring of coating deterioration. In addition, because the NIR spectrometer is portable, it can help in inspecting high-rise areas and areas that are difficult to reach. Therefore, we believe that NIRS is a simple, safe, and inexpensive method for inspection of surface coating materials.
LygA retention on the surface of Listeria monocytogenes via its interaction with wall teichoic acid modulates bacterial homeostasis and virulence
Authors: Yao Hao , Li Guo , Xiong Xianglian , Jin Fanxin , Li Sirui , Xie Xinyu , Zhong Dan , Zhang Renling , Meng Fanzeng , Yin Yuelan , Jiao Xin’an
Published: June 2023

Wall teichoic acid (WTA) is the abundant cell wall-associated glycopolymer in Gram-positive bacteria, playing crucial roles in surface proteins retention, bacterial homeostasis, and virulence. The WTA glycosylation of Listeria monocytogenes is essential for surface anchoring of virulence factors, whereas the nature and function of the noncovalent interactions between cell wall-associated proteins and WTA are less unknown. In this study, we found that galactosylated WTA (Gal-WTA) of serovar (SV) 4h L. monocytogenes plays a key role in modulating the novel glycine-tryptophan (GW) domain-containing autolysin protein LygA through direct interactions. Gal-deficient WTA of Lm XYSN (ΔgalT) showed a dramatic reduction of LygA on the cell surface. We demonstrated that LygA binds to Gal-WTA through the GW domains, and the binding affinity is associated with the number of GW motifs. Moreover, we confirmed the direct Gal-dependent binding of the GW protein Auto from the type I WTA strain, which has no interaction with rhamnosylated WTA, indicating that the complexity of both WTA and GW proteins affect the coordination patterns. Importantly, we revealed the crucial roles of LygA in facilitating bacterial homeostasis as well as crossing the intestinal and blood-brain barriers. Altogether, our findings suggest that both the glycosylation patterns of WTA and a fixed numbers of GW domains are closely associated with the retention of LygA on the cell surface, which promotes the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes within the host.
‘How can I say this politely?’: Remodelling peer critiquing in design education and revealing compassionate critiques
Authors: Yilmaz Onur , Gelmez Koray
Published: June 2023

Peer critiques play a major role in the design learning process. However, due to vague boundaries and definitions of them, it is hard and yet significant to model peer critiques in the context of design education. This article aims to gain a greater understanding about dynamics, motivations and contents of peer critiques. As a result, a framework to categorize peer critiques in design education context is presented. Also, a new type of peer critiques is suggested as compassionate critiques, which are defined as statements that occur between hierarchically equivalent, emotionally matched individuals and contain a general appreciation and sensitivity without determinate judgements about the idea, project or process.
Knowledge and understanding: Education in Aldous Huxley’s short stories
Authors: Matić Andrija
Published: June 2023

Aldous Huxley wrote about education all his life. Most of his books of non-fiction contain essays that scrutinize problems in education and propose solutions, while his novels and short stories are full of characters that embody the peculiarities of various educational systems. This article will show that the majority of educational flaws that Huxley highlighted in his essays were first depicted in his short fiction, especially his criticism of conservative teaching methods, self-education and spiritual homeschooling, and so-called intellectual education that lacks a practical dimension and draws a sharp distinction between emotions and rationality. This analysis will also prove that some characters in Huxley’s short stories embody progressive teaching styles that were promoted at the time by Maria Montessori and John Dewey, educators Huxley praised in his essays on education, although he had reservations about their followers.
Boxed within the frame: Tibetan masculinities in transformation in Pema Tseden’s Jinpa
Authors: Pecic Zoran Lee
Published: June 2023

The Tibetan auteur Pema Tseden is renowned for using the road movie as a means of interrogating the relationship between his characters and society in the Tibetan areas of the PRC. As his protagonists travel, the natural settings become an integral part of the journey through the Tibetan lands. The amalgamation of movement and landscapes enables the emergence of a Tibetan subject whose complex and heterogenous self-representation defies the dualism of tradition and modernity. In this article, I argue that Pema Tseden’s recent feature Jinpa () marks an aesthetic and thematic departure from his earlier work. Rather than looming large over the characters, the landscapes serve as an underlying framework for a heightened emphasis on the interaction between the characters. At the heart of the film is the notion of Tibetan masculinity in crisis. Whilst portraying the ways that history, culture and tradition haunt the men in the film, Pema Tseden also turns his attention to the female characters. Proposing a new take on Tibetan masculinities who assume the previously women-only roles of carriers of culture, he offers a unique perspective on and in New Tibetan Cinema.
“Homens de caminho”
Authors: Ivo Isnara Pereira
Published: June 2023

São analisadas as atividades comerciais exercidas por escravos e forros durante o século XVIII. As dinâmicas sociais produzidas e reproduzidas pela escravidão promoveram misturas biológicas e culturais que marcaram as relações entre pessoas e grupos sociais em todos os cantos e recantos da vida em sociedade. Nos sertões do Brasil, especialmente, os sertões do Norte de Minas Gerais e do Centro-Sul da Bahia, indivíduos de distintas qualidades e condições sociais foram os responsáveis pelo abastecimento dessas áreas mineradoras. “Homens de caminho” é a expressão coetânea aplicada para se referir aos comerciantes que circularam pelas vias terrestres e fluviais que conectavam os sertões. Assim, também, eram denominados os administradores dos caminhos e os arrematadores dos direitos régios nos leilões de “Arrematação dos direitos das Entradas e Caminhos”. Os diários das alfândegas fiscais localizadas ao longo dos trajetos são a base da documentação analisada no artigo.
Distinguir e hierarquizar
Authors: Gomide Ana Paula Sena
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo central analisar os processos de classificações e hierarquizações de grupos sociais e indivíduos pertencentes ao Império Asiático português. A partir de narrativas missionárias, escritas entre os séculos XVI e XVII, busco compreender como que a formação da sociedade mestiça - seja ela por vias biológicas, seja por vias culturais - nos espaços asiáticos, acabou por moldar a prática e o discurso sobre as populações locais, mestiças e portuguesas que ali viviam.
La integralidad desde el Modelo Educativo de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras: una propuesta para la formación crítica de estudiantes
Authors: Green Ivy , Padilla Ivania
Published: June 2023

El propósito de este artículo es aportar elementos teóricos y metodológicos para avanzar en la integralidad del currículo universitario en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras atendiendo a los ejes integradores del Modelo Educativo y las funciones de docencia, investigación y vinculación con la sociedad. Se presentan propuestas y rutas de articulación que se impulsan en otras universidades del cono sur, las cuales aportan reflexiones sobre el impacto de la integralidad del currículum para promover la ciudadanía crítica. Se concluye que el Modelo Educativo de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras vigente propone estrategias y dispositivos para la integralidad de las funciones, la integración de las disciplinas y la participación de la Universidad en la solución de las principales problemáticas de la sociedad hondureña. Por tanto, es posible plantearse otras formas de interpelar el conocimiento dado y crear conocimientos nuevos, con la participación de los estudiantes y docentes, al mismo tiempo que se construyen, junto a los actores sociales, soluciones concretas a la problemática social en las comunidades.
Analysis of Early Literacy Practices Based on Social Inclusion in Palembang
Authors: Lestari Maya , Kurniati Euis
Published: June 2023

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore children's literacy activities at home that involve parenting in Indonesia from a social inclusion perspective.
Design/methods/approach – This study uses a qualitative research method. Analyzing the results of interviews conducted with four parents and teachers in Palembang, Indonesia, and using a critical theory perspective as the basis for the analysis.
Findings – In the setting of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), literacy practices are not only carried out at school but also in the home and community. Based on the findings that we conducted on four parents and teachers in Palembang, the practice of early literacy at home is very diverse. The practice of early literacy at home is also still experiencing problems, especially in the provision of media that supports children's literacy interests, especially in the fields of reading and numeracy.
Research implications/limitations – From an early age, it is important to synergize the roles of families, institutions, and the government in an effort to support the practice of early literacy based on social inclusion.
Practical implications – This study has deep implications for realizing the interest in children's literacy in this country. Originality/value – his study contributes in the form of understanding literacy practices in early childhood education.
Paper type Research paper
Agama Dan Identitas Diri Pada Waria di Surakarta
Authors: Jannah Roudhotul
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini dibuat untuk melihat bagaimana fungsi agama bagi waria dan juga berbagai perjalanan yang dialami oleh waria di Surakarta. Mereka sering memperoleh stigma, cemoohan dan label negatif dari masyarakat sekitar. Hal tersebut menjadikan mereka dikucilkan dan susah untuk memperoleh pekerjaan. Alhasil, karena kebutuhan ekonomi yang semakin mencekik menjadikan mereka tidak jarang mengambil jalan menjadi pekerja seks komersial (PSK) dan mengamen untuk menyambung hidup. Padahal, dengan melakukan pekerjaan tersebut mereka sangat rentan terjangkit penyakit kelamin dan Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Meski begitu, mereka pada hakikatnya sadar pada bahwa mencari nafkah dengan menjadi PSK adalah tidak benar. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mereka sangat rajin beribadah, bahkan dalam berdoa mereka sangat khusyuk dan memohon ampun kepadaNya atas kesalahan-kesalahan yang telah diperbuatnya. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang berupa wawancara kepada para waria di Surakarta. Selama ini banyak orang yang hanya menghakimi tanpa mampu memahami dari sisi kemanusiaan bahkan banyak yang menjadikan narasi agama sebagai cara untuk mengakiminya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa waria sebagaimana manusia lainnya juga mempunyai semangat sprititualitas. Bahkan mereka bisa lebih khusyuk daripada manusia pada umumnya beribadah sebab momentum ibadah mereka gunakan sebagai tempat mengadu atas berbagai tekanan yang mereka dapatkan dari masyarakat.
[This study aims to examine how religion functions for waria in Surakarta, as well as the various journeys experienced by them because they often receive stigma, ridicule and negative labels from the surrounding community. This makes them isolated and difficult to get a job. As a result, due to increasingly suffocating economic needs, they often take the path of becoming commercial sex workers who are vulnerable to contracting venereal diseases and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Even so, in their daily life they are very diligent in worship, even in prayer they are very solemn and ask Him for forgiveness for the mistakes they have made (the green ones are too detailed! Can you just summarize them?). The data source used is primary data in the form of interviews with four waria in Surakarta. So far, many people have only judged without being able to understand from a human standpoint, and many have even used religious narratives as a way to judge waria. This research shows that waria, like other humans, also have a spirit of spirituality. In fact, they can be more solemn than humans in general in worship because they use the momentum of their worship as a place to complain about the various pressures they get from society.]
Screening of recombinant inbred lines for resistance to bacterial leaf blight pathotypes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Duppala Manoj Kumar , T. Srinivas  , L. V. Subba Rao  , Y. Suneetha  , R. M. Sundaram  , V. Prasanna Kumari  , V. Bhuvaneswari7  , B. Ganesh
Published: June 2023

In the present investigation 16 recombinant inbred lines (RIL’s) developed from the intra-specific cross between YH3 and AKDRMS 21-54 through Marker Assisted Pedigree Breeding Method were screened along with their parents and the checks, namely, BPT 5204, TN1 and Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) against IxoPt-20 pathotype at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad during Rabi 2021-22 and a new pathotype of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causing Bacterial Leaf Blight disease in rice at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru during Kharif 2022 to identify pathotype specific resistant sources.  Morpho-Molecular screening was adopted to evaluate the recombinant inbred lines over two locations in the consecutive seasons of Rabi 2021-22 and Kharif 2022. Based on per cent diseased leaf area, the genotypes were scored and categorised as per the Standard Evaluation System (SES) scale provided by International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The results revealed all 16 RIL’s to be either resistant (10) or moderately resistant (6) to IxoPt-20 pathotype. However, only five RIL’s were found to be resistant, while four RIL’s were moderately resistant for the new virulent pathotype. Seven RIL’s with resistant to moderately resistant reaction for IxoPt-20 pathotype, showed moderately susceptible reaction for the new virulent pathotype.  Among the resistant RIL’s identified for each pathotype, BPT-1901-72-10-6, BPT-1901-108-4-1 and BPT-1901-111-3-2 were found to be uniformly resistant, while, BPT-1901-45-8-6 and BPT-1901-163-1-18 were uniformly moderately resistant to both IXoPt-20 and the new virulent pathotype at Hyderabad and Maruteru, respectively, indicating their potential as genetic stocks for development of new cultivars resistant to bacterial leaf blight disease.
Effect of heavy metals on germination, biochemical, antioxidant and withanolide content in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Authors: Banadka Akshatha , Nagella Praveen
Published: June 2023

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal., commonly referred to as Ashwagandha, is a medicinal plant from the solanaceae family with a wide range of pharmacological properties. W. somnifera is a rich source of withanolides, such as withanolide A, withanolide B, withanolide D, withaferin A, etc. and these molecules are attributed for large number of pharmacological activities. In the present study, the impact of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) has been assessed on the growth, biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity and withanolide A and withaferin A content of W. somnifera. The seeds of W. somnifera were germinated in cocopeat treated with different concentrations of Cd (0–200 ppm), Hg (10–100 ppm), and Pb (0–2000 ppm) for 21 days. There have been substantial differences between the heavy metal-treated plants and the control plants with the lowest germination of 20% has been observed in the plants treated with 2000 ppm Pb. The selected metals inhibited vegetative growth with lowest length of 3.07 cm and lowest biomass of 0.74 g in 180 ppm Cd and 200 ppm Cd treated plants respectively. With the addition of heavy metals, biochemical parameters like protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, total phenol, flavonoid, and proline content varied significantly and showed metal tolerance by exhibiting antioxidant activity at lower concentrations. The metal accumulation occurred in a dose-dependent manner with highest Cd accumulation of 14.30 mg kg?1, Hg accumulation of 42.45 mg kg?1, and Pb accumulation of 217.46 mg kg?1 of dry biomass of the plants. The withanolide content increased up to a specific metal concentration and decreased with a further increase in heavy metal concentration. The seeds treated with 1200 ppm of Pb showed the highest withanolide A content of 1.7 mg g?1 DW, and the seeds treated with 80 ppm of Cd showed the highest withaferin A content of 3.2 mg g?1 DW.
In vitro symbiotic seed germination in Vanda wightii, an endemic orchid species of Western Ghats, India supported by Ceratobasidiaceae isolates
Authors: Lekshmi Suresh  , Raveendran Reshma , Decruse William
Published: June 2023

Symbiotic seed germination for conservation and cultivation of orchids holds colossal merit asmycorrhizal fungus in its system improves their growth and adaptability. Symbiotic activity ishighly specific in some species, but in other cases the same fungus from one species is effective in aseries of related species. The present work describes inter-specific activity of three fungal isolatesfrom seedling root of Vanda thwaitesii to support seed germination and seedling growth of V.wightii, a closely related species from India. Among the three isolates, two designated as Wyd2 andIdk were identified as Ceratobasidium sp through sequencing of ITS1 and ITS4 regions. Oneisolate designated as Wyd1 did not clad with any described genera, but remained as an out-groupunder the family Ceratobasidiaceae. All the three isolates possessed binucleate hyphae producingellipsoidal, oval or barrel shaped monilioid cells and supported 80–95% seed germination,transforming 70–85% of them into protocorms in 30 days duration. Symbiotic seedlingdevelopment starting with the promeristem formation, first leaf development and second leafinitiation occurred in 95% of the protocorms in a time interval of 60 days compared to 90–120 daysthrough asymbiotic method. The fungal isolates from Vanda thwaitesii evaluated are provedeffective in V. wightii for its symbiotic seed germination and thus useful to mycorrhiza assistedconservation.
Impact assessment of the organic agriculture production training program in Northern Philippines
Authors: Alsiken-Nanglegan Marah Joy
Published: June 2023

A study was conducted to assess the impacts of the Organic Agriculture Production (OAP) Training Program of Ifugao State University (IFSU) on beneficiaries. The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) framework for impact assessment was used in tracing the impact pathways of the program. It utilized quantitative methods of data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the Likert scale. Respondents were the beneficiaries of the training that served as the treatment and non-beneficiaries that served as the control. The majority of the treatment and control respondents are young adults and middle-aged, female, married, finished secondary and college, have less than five household members, and are employed. Most of the respondents in the study have organizational affiliations. The inputs to the program were from the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and the IFSU. The use of these inputs produced technological and capacity building outputs. All the training respondents received their National Certificates, which means that they are all competent in the use of the OAP technologies and that they can produce new products that they can utilize for subsistence and livelihood. The evidently used adoption pathways were capacity building and communication. Respondents from the treatment group “agreed” that their participation in the training resulted in capacity building outcomes utilized at a personal and organizational level. The training program showed significant impacts on farm income, total annual income, employment, organizational affiliation and involvement, and adoption. Policy recommendations for the improvement of the program are discussed.
Andrzej Tretiak jako krytyk przekładu
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: June 2023

W roku 1924 nakładem Biblioteki Narodowej ukazał się tom powieści poetyckich Goerge’a Byrona w opracowaniu Andrzeja Tretiaka. We wstępie oraz licznych przypisach Tretiak uzasadnił wybór konkretnych przekładów i uszeregował je pod względem jakości, jednocześnie wskazując na błędy tłumaczy oraz pozostawione przez nich naddatki. Badacz skupił się również na ocenie wybieranych przez tłumaczy rozwiązań, czasami zamieszczając dla porównania własne wersje niektórych fragmentów. Artykuł prezentuje krytyczną analizę komentarzy Tretiaka do dwóch przekładów: Korsarza i Lary, prowadzącą do weryfikacji tezy badacza, według której najlepszym polskim tłumaczem Byrona był Julian Korsak, a najgorszym – Antoni Edward Odyniec.
Gramatyczna dynamika literatury – perspektywa badawcza
Authors: Skibski Krzysztof
Published: June 2023

Artykuł stanowi próbę nakreślenia perspektywy badawczej w odniesieniu do gramatyki literatury. Filologiczny sposób analizy tekstów literackich skłania autora do przyjrzenia się kilku swoistym przejawom dynamiki gramatycznej przy założeniu, że tekstom przynależna jest językowa potencjalność determinowana przez różne czynniki. Wśród nich wymienia się przestrzenność struktury wiersza (syntagmatyczność), specyfikę sytuacyjnego użycia języka z odniesieniem do powtarzalnych elementów tekstotwórczych, mechanizmy kategoryzacji czy – w nieco innym ujęciu – płynność tekstu. Omówione przykłady tekstów literackich stanowią wprowadzenie podstawowych elementów istotnych w podejmowaniu prób analitycznych skoncentrowanych na zjawiskach gramatycznych. Wśród problemów najistotniejszych wskazuje się niejednokształtność i redundancję.
Poetyka chochlika
Authors: Hendrykowski Marek
Published: June 2023

Zorientowana interdyscyplinarnie próba charakterystyki fenomenu chochlika występującego w rozmaitych tekstach kultury: od struktury wiersza do wydarzeń życia społeczno-politycznego.
Wdrożenie chaosu. Uwagi o Il dettaglio e l’infinito. Roth, Yehoshua e Salter (Detal i nieskończoność. Roth, Yehoshua i Salter) Luki Alvina
Authors: Taraborrelli Chiara
Published: June 2023

Il dettaglio e l’infinito autorstwa Luki Alvina to zbiór krótkich esejów krytycznych, poświęconych trzem znanym powieściopisarzom, Philipowi Rothowi, Abrahamowi Yehoshule i Jamesowi Salterowi, którzy swą twórczą uwagę poświęcają, zdaniem Alvina, chaosowi oraz drobiazgom ludzkiej egzystencji. Odrzucają oni każdy rodzaj paradygmatu, który oferuje czytelnikowi iluzję wszechświata rządzonego przez określony porządek, w to miejsce koncentrują swój narracyjny wysiłek na spotkaniu z migotliwością istnienia, nieuporządkowanego we wszystkich swoich przejawach. Praca Luki Alvina jest przejrzysta i płynna i oferuje nie tylko precyzyjną i jasną analizę badanej literatury, ale również – rozsiane mniej lub bardziej przypadkowo – wskazówki umożliwiające czytelnikowi zastosowanie ukazanego rozumowania do innych autorów oraz innych niż literatura rodzajów sztuki, finalnie sugerując mu reorientację sposobu podejścia do otaczającego nas świata i jego ekspresji.
The role of the social forestry programs in increasing farmers' income and conserving forests in the Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nurfatriani F. , Erwidodo  , Tarigan H. , Perkasa H.W.
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the implementation of Social Forestry programs in the Upstream Citarum – West Java, Indonesia. The paper utilizes the data set of the Farm Household Survey undertaken in the Bandung and West Bandung districts. A critical review was carried out on farmers who
participated or did not participate in the forest management program by examining variables such as: access to land, ratio of farm incomes, conservation practices, and perceptions toward the program. Data were collected from individual interviews of 499 farm-households within two districts.
Using descriptive statistical analysis, the results show that social forestry programs have provided economic, social, and environmental benefits for farmers in the area. The programs have improved community and farmers's access to forestry land and increased household's incomes from the farm
sector. Strengthening and empowering farmers, supported by government and other stakeholders are key for sustainability of the program.
Identifying and prioritising traditional knowledge-related strategies within Turkish forest policy: the perspective of forest managers
Authors: Erol S. Yurdakul , Topcu Y.I. , Şahin G.
Published: June 2023

Forests are an essential part of the lifestyle and income of forest villagers in Türkiye. This interaction between forests and rural society offers considerable potential for the generation of traditional knowledge (TK). However, most of this knowledge is in danger of extinction.
This study pursued qualitative and quantitative research methods: a SWOT analysis was created by utilising the related components of current national forest policy documents and sought to create basic strategies which were then prioritised using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) rating
approach. The findings showed that TK is tied directly to the main objectives of forestry policy. Social strategies were viewed as the highest priority, emphasising the improvement of local living standards and increasing local awareness and loyalty to their regions. These strategies were
followed by organisational and legislation-policy-related issues. However, the close scores of the strategies proved that all are interdependent and have relations with each other, and a holistic approach is required.
Dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylserine-filled cationic maltodextrin nanoparticles exhibit enhanced efficacy for cell entry and intracellular protein delivery in phagocytic THP-1 cells
Authors: Brinkhuizen Clément , Shapman Damien , Lebon Alexis , Bénard Magalie , Tardivel Meryem , Dubuquoy Laurent , Galas Ludovic , Carpentier Rodolphe
Published: June 2023

Vaccination through the upper respiratory tract is a promising strategy, and particulate antigens, such as antigens associated with nanoparticles, triggered a stronger immune response than the sole antigens. Cationic maltodextrin-based nanoparticles loaded with phosphatidylglycerol (NPPG) are efficient for intranasal vaccination but non-specific to trigger immune cells. Here we focused on phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors, specifically expressed by immune cells including macrophages, to improve nanoparticle targeting through an efferocytosis-like mechanism. Consequently, the lipids associated with NPPG have been substituted by PS to generate cationic maltodextrin-based nanoparticles with dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylserine (NPPS). Both NPPS and NPPG exhibited similar physical characteristics and intracellular distribution in THP-1 macrophages. NPPS cell entry was faster and higher (two times more) than NPPG. Surprisingly, competition of PS receptors with phospho-L-serine did not alter NPPS cell entry and annexin V did not preferentially interact with NPPS. Although the protein association is similar, NPPS delivered more proteins than NPPG in cells. On the contrary, the proportion of mobile nanoparticles (50%), the movement speed of nanoparticles (3 µm/5 min), and protein degradation kinetics in THP-1 were not affected by lipid substitution. Together, the results indicate that NPPS enter cells and deliver protein better than NPPG, suggesting that modification of the lipids of cationic maltodextrin-based nanoparticles may be a useful strategy to enhance nanoparticle efficacy for mucosal vaccination.
Gelfand–Kirillov dimension and the p-adic Jacquet–Langlands correspondence
Authors: Dospinescu Gabriel , Paškūnas Vytautas , Schraen Benjamin
Published: June 2023

We bound the Gelfand–Kirillov dimension of unitary Banach space
representations of p-adic reductive groups, whose locally analytic vectors afford
an infinitesimal character. We use the bound to study Hecke eigenspaces in completed
cohomology of Shimura curves and p-adic Banach space representations of the group of units of a quaternion algebra over

ℚ
p

{\mathbb{Q}_{p}}

appearing in the
p-adic Jacquet–Langlands correspondence, deducing finiteness results in favorable cases.
A compartmental model of the COVID-19 pandemic course in Germany
Authors: Adalıoğlu Yıldırım , Kaplan Çağan
Published: June 2023

Objectives

In late 2019, the novel coronavirus, known as COVID-19, emerged in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread worldwide, including in Germany. To mitigate the pandemic’s impact, various strategies, including vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions, have been implemented. However, the emergence of new, highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 strains has become the primary driving force behind the disease’s spread. Mathematical models, such as deterministic compartmental models, are essential for estimating contagion rates in different scenarios and predicting the pandemic’s behavior.

Methods

In this study, we present a novel model that incorporates vaccination dynamics, the three most prevalent virus strains (wild-type, alpha, and delta), infected individuals’ detection status, and pre-symptomatic transmission to represent the pandemic’s course in Germany from March 2, 2020, to August 17, 2021.

Results

By analyzing the behavior of the German population over 534 days and 25 time intervals, we estimated various parameters, including transmission, recovery, mortality, and detection. Furthermore, we conducted an alternative analysis of vaccination scenarios under the same interval conditions, emphasizing the importance of vaccination administration and awareness.

Conclusions

Our 534-day analysis provides policymakers with a range of circumstances and parameters that can be used to simulate future scenarios. The proposed model can also be used to make predictions and inform policy decisions related to pandemic control in Germany and beyond.
Performance of a horizontal well in a bounded anisotropic reservoir: Part II: Performance analysis of well length and reservoir geometry
Authors: Nzomo Timothy Kitungu , Adewole Stephen Ezizanami , Awuor Kennedy Otieno , Okang’a Oyoo Daniel
Published: June 2023

Evaluation of the performance of horizontal wells is an important aspect in the enhancement of their productivity. This study provides mathematical computations, and analysis for theoretical well and reservoir considerations. The study investigates how well design and reservoirs geometry affect the overall performance of a horizontal well in a completely bounded reservoir throughout its productive life. A horizontal well in a rectangular reservoir with completely sealed boundaries is considered and the effect of dimensionless well length

L

D

\hspace{.25em}{L}_{\text{D}}

, dimensionless reservoir length

x

eD

\hspace{.25em}{x}_{\text{eD}}

, and dimensionless reservoir width

y

eD

{y}_{\text{eD}}

on the pressure response over a given period of production using dimensionless time

t

D

{t}_{\text{D}}

is studied. The mathematical model used was derived using source and Green’s functions presented in part I of this study. Appropriate well and reservoir parameters are considered and the respective dimensionless parameters are computed which are then used in computing dimensionless pressure

P

D

{P}_{\text{D}}

and its dimensionless pressure derivative

P

D

′

\hspace{.25em}{P}_{\text{D}}^{^{\prime} }

. From the computations, the results obtained are analysed in diagnostic log–log plots with a discussion of the flow periods. The results obtained indicate that an increase in dimensionless well length decreases pressure response during the infinite-acting flow at early times and during transition flows at middle time but increases the pressure response during the pseudosteady state flow at late times. The dimensionless reservoir width and length are observed not to influence dimensionless pressure response during the infinite-acting flow at early times and during the transition flows at middle time, only affecting the prevalence time of the flow periods. However it is observed that during the pseudosteady state flow at late times, dimensionless pressure response reduces with increased dimensionless reservoir length and width.
A profinite approach to complete bifix decodings of recurrent languages
Authors: Costa Alfredo
Published: June 2023

We approach the study of complete bifix decodings of (uniformly) recurrent languages with
the help of free profinite monoids. We show that the complete bifix decoding of a uniformly recurrent language F
by an F-charged rational complete bifix code is uniformly recurrent. An analogous result is obtained for recurrent languages.
As an application of the machinery developed within this approach, we show that the maximal pronilpotent quotient of the Schützenberger group of an irreducible symbolic dynamical system is an invariant of eventual conjugacy.
Millimeter wave over fiber based 50G-wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network for 5G and beyond communications
Authors: Singh Simranjit , Kaur Jagroop , Kaur Harpreet
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the 50 Gbps-passive optical network (50G-PON) is proposed by utilizing the millimeter wave over fiber concept. At the first stage, DP-MZM modulation schematic approach is used to modulate the millimeter wave at the distinct wavelengths. At Stage 2, a third MZM modulator is used by utilizing the WDM interleaver de-multiplexer. The bi-directional fiber is used to make the system symmetric which is a requirement of 50G-PON. The eye diagrams, quality factor and bit error rate are measured to analyze the performance of the proposed system for the different encoding formats i.e. non-returns to zero (NRZ), returns to zero (RZ) and Gaussian pulse. The proposed schematic approach is used to generate the millimeter wave in 3-tupling by using the select switch selection. The proposed millimeter based 50G-PON can support 5G and 6G for fronthauling.
Composite disc optimization using hunger games search optimization algorithm
Authors: Kopar Mehmet , Yildiz Ali Rıza
Published: June 2023

It has been interesting in industrial applications due to the advantages provided by laminated composite applications. Composite materials are of great importance in design optimization due to the advantages they provide, such as lightweight, high strength value, and design flexibility. Finite element programs and artificial intelligence optimization techniques developed in recent years are effectively used in the design of composite materials. In order to optimize the angular orientations of the composite disc, analyses are made using the finite element program. Particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and hunger games search optimization algorithm(HGS) are used to determine the best stacking angle value on the disc plate using the analysis data obtained after the completion of the analyses. When the results obtained were examined, it was determined that the results obtained from particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, and hunger games search optimization techniques showed that hunger games search optimization algorithm gives better results as other and HGS could be used for the stacking of composite materials.
Thienylpicolinamidine derivatives as new dissolution inhibitors for carbon steels in HCl medium: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Sakr Shrouk F. , Badr Gamila E. , Ismail Mohamed A. , Fouda Abd El-Aziz S.
Published: June 2023

One of the main ways that metallic materials lose their useful qualities is through dissolution; hence corrosion management is crucial for protecting the metal. In this paper, new thienylpicolinamidine derivatives, namely; 5-[5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)thiophen-2-yl]picolinamidine hydrochloride salt (MA-1517), 5-[5-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiophen-2-yl]picolinamidine hydrochloride salt (MA-1543), and 5-[5-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)thiophen-2-yl]picolinamidine hydrochloride salt (MA-1516), were utilized as corrosion inhibitors for C-steel in 1.0 mol L−1 HCl. Their corrosion inhibiting impact can be demonstrated by experimental methods as chemical approaches (mass reduction) and electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance examination, EIS, and Tafel polarization). These methods gave inhibition efficiencies (IE%) of 97.41 %, 93.84 % and 91 % for MA-1517, MA-1543 and MA-1516, respectively at 323 K and concentration 17 × 10−6 mol. L−1. The rise in IE% with rising inhibitor concentration and temperature illustrate that the adsorption of these studied compounds is chemisorption, declared via the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are computed and discussed. Polarization research exhibits that these thienylpicolinamidines act as mixed type inhibitors. The outer part morphology of C-steel surfaces and the adsorption of these compounds on C-steel outer part can be checked by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The mechanism of inhibition can be backed by quantum chemical examination and Monte Carlo model. A theoretical estimate proves that the use of cationic derivatives of pyridine is good impediments versus corroding of C-steel in HCl medium.