bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Аdaptation of foreign students in the framework of the implementation of the third mission of the university
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Chernysheva Tatyana L.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The research topic is conditioned by the need to develop innovative adaptation measures for international university students, which are an important channel for transferring information about the country to the world community. Decoding the national values of the recipient country corresponds to the intention of the third mission of the university, understood as its contribution to the development of the regional, national and global community. The purpose of the study is to analyze the satisfaction of foreign students with the conditions of the new educational environment of the university and to develop a comprehensive program for their adaptation. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in Novosibirsk State Technical University using the survey method by filling out a questionnaire by respondents and a formalized interview. Closed alternative questions were used in the questionnaire. International students from near and far abroad participated in the survey. The data was processed and visualized using the method of bar and pie charts. The results of the study. The data of the conducted survey of foreign students allow us to conclude about the generally successful adaptation environment of the university. However, some indicators have revealed the need to improve the adaptation process, mainly in its socio-cultural aspect. The answers to the question "How easily did you join the educational process of NSTU?" revealed the fact that about 52% of foreign students felt discomfort after arriving to study in Russia, especially this should be attributed to citizens of non-CIS countries. When answering the question "Have you encountered difficulties in establishing contacts with Russian students and the local population due to differences in values, traditions and customs?" 44% of respondents acknowledged the existence of problems. Thirty-nine percent of respondents considered the main barrier to effective communication to be a lack of understanding of the motives of Russians' actions. New formats of adaptation measures are required that decode the system of cultural values of the recipient country for foreign students and involve them in the scientific, cultural and economic life of the region. Thirty-two percent of respondents spoke about their lack. Conclusions. The factors of successful adaptation of students at the university are identified, new formats of socio-cultural activities are proposed that can demonstrate national norms and traditions, such as an adaptive VR course, virtual travel, sightseeing routes around the city and the university area, adaptation quests. Types of adaptation activities are included in a comprehensive program designed to convey both the values of the university, its location region, and the values of the recipient country.
Genotyping and Phylogenic of Norovirus as Main Cause of Children Gastritis in Thi-Qar province
Authors: Leaby Chelab Rahman , Kamel Al- Moussawi Duaa , Abdul Hussain Jarullah Basim
Published: July 2024

Norovirus consided as the second cause of viral diarrhea in children.The current study included examination of 200 (115 females and 85 males) stool sample of diarrhea and abdominal pain suffering children, less than 5 years of age. The samples were divided into nine groups according to the age of the children: 1-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-35, 36-48, 50-55 month. Stool samples were divided for two part, the first part for the molecular diagnosis of virus by real time PCR and then gene sequences of virus and the second part used for ELISA test. Results of real time PCR test revealed that 35 positive sample out of 200 with a percentage of (17.5%).( AccuZo1TM total RNA extraction kit(Bioneer, Korea was used in this test). Real time PCR results showed that Depend on age groups the highly morbidity between 18-23 months (25.8 %) and there was significant differences between age groups on probability ≤0.05. Results showed that high percentage of infection between children depend on artificial nutrition Top value was (21.7%) and the low percentage of infection in children depend on mixed nutrition (breast milk and cereal meals) was (12.6%).  ELISA test results included 25 positive samples from total of 200 samples percentage was (12.5%). The sensitivity of this test was 71.4% while specifity was 94% compare to Real time PCR. ELISA test showed that the age group (18-23 months) was (25.8%). with a significant difference at (P>0.05). Artificial feeding is higher than (15.2%) and normal feeding is lower.
La configuración estratégica para las políticas culturales en México
Authors: Padilla López Raúl ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Leal Moya Irma Leticia , Piedras Feria Ernesto , González Sánchez Jorge Alejandro , Rocha De Souza Renata De Paula Trinidade , Andrew Miller Bruce Toby , Obregón López Manuel Enrique , Jiménez López Lucina , Canelas Rubim Antônio , González Sánchez Jorge Alejandro , Nivón Bolán Eduardo Vicente , Florescano Mayet Enrique Federico , Santana Rocha Bárbara , Arizpe Schlosser María de Lourdes , Gutiérrez Vega Hugo Jesús , Alcalá Ruiz Blanca María del Socorro , Saldaña Hernández Margarita , Valenzuela Arce José Manuel
Published: July 2024

Seguir el debate nacional e internacional sobre las políticas públicas de cultura es, desde el 2006 el objetivo de un equipo de colaboradores de la Feria Internacional del Libro y el Centro de Estudios Estratégicos para el Desarrollo de la UdeG, quienes reunieron en la edición 2012 de la FIL a los presidentes de las comisiones legislativas de cultura del Congreso de la Unión, académicos, investigadores y responsables de políticas culturales tanto en México como en otros países. Se analizó la cultura como un factor de democratización, el papel de las nuevas tecnologías y las redes sociales en la educación, la promoción de la libertad cultural y la aplicación de las políticas públicas frente a diversas formas de desigualdad. Este libro es producto de este encuentro.
Terror romántico: relaciones amorosas psicodinamizadas hacia la autodestrucción del ser.
Authors: Delgado Del Águila Jesús Miguel ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Published: July 2024

Autores como Lovecraft, Llopis, Todorov y Carroll han conceptualizado el terror para explicar la recepción que tiene el lector al corroborar un objeto artístico que cuenta con sus propiedades particulares, además de que el resultado que se obtiene es útil como recurso para la Literatura y el Cine. En cambio, al hacer referencia al terror romántico, se alega a una de las múltiples manifestaciones que adopta este paradigma en la actualidad. Para este estudio, delimito su precisión léxica (convencional), que es identificable por abordar los mecanismos que producen la destrucción de la noción del amor, la aniquilación del personaje que se respalda en este dogma y la intervención macabra del manipulador en las obras artísticas de esta índole. Estas peculiaridades se adecúan principalmente al funcionamiento de un psicodinamismo de confrontación del bien con el mal, que es notoria en las estrategias de manipulación que son empleadas en las relaciones de pareja de Cuentos malévolos (1904), al igual que la exposición a situaciones de riesgo y la ausencia de criterios ético y religioso.
La falsa sensación de horizontalidad en el género “Ciencia ficción”: Kentukis de Samanta Schweblin.
Authors: Martín Preisegger María Emilia ,   Departamento de Letras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
Published: July 2024

En la ciencia ficción, los relatos proponen un futuro en el que la tecnología y la ciencia avanzan de manera monstruosa. Estas pueden resultar beneficiosas o perjudiciales para los seres humanos. Asimismo, se pone en tela de juego la posible “horizontalidad” de la tecnología; es decir, si todas las personas acceden de igual manera a los dispositivos. En el caso de Kentukis, de Samanta Schweblin, se pondrán en jaque ciertas cuestiones: ¿todos acceden a lo mismo? ¿La tecnología permite la igualdad? Además, ¿los avances tecnológicos perpetúan las desigualdades sociales al establecer una máscara para los que los utilizan?
México ante la Violencia Política contra las Mujeres en razón de Género
Authors: Guzmán Robledo Maria Teresa , Miranda Camarena Adrían Joaquín , Corona Nakamura Luis Antonio
Published: June 2024

En México se ha vivido de manera constante y en aumento la violencia política en contra de las mujeres por razón de género. Lo cual se vio evidenciado en el noveno informe periódico que México rindió ante el Comité para la Eliminación de la Discriminación contra la Mujer  (CEDAW/C/MEX/9), y dicho Comité en sus sesiones 1608ª y 1609ª que se celebraron el 6 de julio del 2018, advirtió el incremento de acciones violentas contra mujeres; que no existía la tipificación de delitos de violencia política, además de los bajos niveles de enjuiciamiento de los autores de dichos actos, que como consecuencia puedan disuadir a las mujeres de contender en los comicios electorales. En consecuencia, el estado mexicano ha llevado a cabo una serie de acciones, por lo que, en el presente trabajo se evidenciaran estas, así como los resultados de las mismas.
FLANNEL BOARD DOLL: A MEDIA FOR LEARNING SPEAKING SKILLS FOR IBTIDAIYAH MADRASAH STUDENTS
Authors: Faizah Maryam , Faizah Putri Nur , Ulfa Kulsum
Published: June 2024

Students need speaking skills to flow their ideas and thoughts. This study aims to develop a flannel board doll as an attractive and easy-to-use medium in the speaking learning process. The research was conducted using research and development methods using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The sample of this study was 23 students of class IV MI Roudlotul Ulum—data collection techniques using questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The results of the validation of media products meet the very valid criteria, with the value of the material validator being 90, the media design validator 90, and the learning expert validator 96. This media is equipped with various components that are easy to reach and use, so it gets a student response of 91.99% with the criteria very positive. Overall, using a flannel board doll in the speaking learning process can make it more engaging, provide a visual and tactile aid, and create a supportive and low-pressure environment for students to practice their speaking skills. By incorporating this medium into language learning activities, teachers can help improve their students' speaking skills and overall language proficiency. By using a flannel board, learning becomes more enjoyable and less monotonous.
MUHASEBECİLERİN DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN DAHİLİ WHISTLEBLOWING NİYETİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: Erdoğan Ali , Hacıhasanoğlu Tansel
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de hizmet sunan muhasebecilerin dahili whistleblowing niyetlerini etkileyen demografik faktörleri belirlemektir. Bu çalışmada, bağımsız değişkenler olarak demografik faktörler (yaş, cinsiyet, unvan, medeni durum ve deneyim) ile bağımlı değişken olarak dahili whistleblowing Niyeti arasındaki ilişki incelenerek kesitsel bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. İletişim bilgilerine ulaşılmış muhasebecilere google form üzerinden düzenlenen bir anket formu iletilmiştir. Veriler SPSS programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz için tanımlayıcı istatistikler, korelasyon analizi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve anova testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bulgulara göre muhasebecilerin demografik özelliklerinin dahili whistleblowing niyetlerini etkilemediği bulunmuştur.
ASSESSMENT OF THE BALANCE OF AUTONOMY AND JUSTICE IN ENGLISH ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS IN THE LIGHT OF THE ASSISTANCE OF STATE COURTS AND INJUNCTIONS
Authors: Özraşit Ticen Azize
Published: June 2024

This article offers a comprehensive examination into the realm of arbitration within the UK, with a particular spotlight on the crucial and often contentious role of injunctions. Through a detailed analysis of the Arbitration Act 1996 and a thorough review of significant case law, the piece underscores the multifaceted and sometimes convoluted interplay between injunctions and the arbitration process. Venturing beyond the UK's borders, the study broadens its scope to offer a comparative perspective, juxtaposing the UK's approach with that of other global jurisdictions. This serves to deepen our appreciation and understanding of international arbitration practices. Ultimately, the article's primary objective is to navigate and demystify the labyrinthine world of arbitration. It aims to highlight the necessity of maintaining a delicate balance between ensuring fair dispute resolution mechanisms and the extent of judicial intervention. This is especially pertinent when considering the dual-aspect of court-issued injunctions, which can serve as both protective measures and potential obstacles in the arbitration journey.
Comparative Analysis of Shelf Life and Fungal Spoilage of Different Brands of Bread Sold within Dutsin-Ma Metropolis
Authors: Mzungu Ignatius , Umar Anas , Ogbo Joy , Wata Innocent John
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to compare the shelf life and fungal spoilage of different brands of bread sold within Dutsin-Ma Metropolis. Nine brands of bread were purchased from different vendors within Dutsin-Ma metropolis and were transported in sterile polyethylene bags to the Microbiology Laboratory of Federal University Dutsin-Ma for analyses using standard procedures. The bread samples were stored at various storage conditions such as room temperature, sun exposure, and refrigerator, respectively, for a specified period of 7 days from day 1 to day 7, and samples were taken at each interval to measure the quality of the bread. At each interval, the shelf life of the bread was evaluated based on the color, texture, smell, and taste of the bread. Bread samples stored under ambient temperature had the highest contamination, while samples stored under the sun had less fungal growth and samples kept in a refrigerator showed no fungal growth at all. Analysis of different nine (9) brands of bread yielded fungal species such as Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Fusarium and Penicillium species. Aspergillus niger was found to have the highest percentage occurrence (28%), while Fusarium spp and Trichophyton rubrum had the least percentage occurrence (8%). It is recommended that bakery processes should ensure proper hygiene during the manufacturing process to minimize microbial contamination, especially moulds. People are also advised to buy modern-produced breads for their consumption which is thought to have improved quality standards than the locally produced ones.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИЙ МЕТОД ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ТА ІДЕНТИФІКУВАННЯ НАЗЕМНИХ МІН БЕЗПІЛОТНИМИ ЛІТАЛЬНИМИ АПАРАТАМИ
Authors: Бас Олег , Землянський Олег , Мирошник Олег , Авраменко Олександр
Published: July 2024

Метою статті є представлення експериментального методу, який дозволяє виявляти та розпізнавати міни, що знаходяться на землі, за допомогою безпілотних літальних апаратів (БпЛА), які мають на борту спеціалізовані металошукачі. Пропонується використати вказаний спосіб, для підвищення ефективності сканування місцевості на наявність металевих об’єктів, які можуть бути наземними мінами, а також накопичувати отримані результати для створення масивів даних, про певний тип мін та їх ідентифікації. Описаний алгоритм використовується для обробки та аналізу даних отриманих від спеціалізованих металошукачів, щоб відрізняти міни від інших металевих предметів та визначати їх тип та місце розташування. Запропонований метод є перспективним для розв’язання проблеми гуманітарного розмінування, оскільки він повинен підвищити його ефективність під час застосування безпілотних систем пошуку наземних мін, а також дозволить підвищити рівень безпеки оператору під час виявлення мін.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЛЬОТНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПІЛОТІВ НА ОСНОВІ АЛГОРИТМІВ НЕЧІТКОГО ВИВЕДЕННЯ
Authors: Шевяков Юрій , Миронюк Микола , Дзюбенко Юрій , Ярошенко Ярослав
Published: July 2024

Дослідження спрямоване на розвиток нового підходу до оцінки ефективності льотної підготовки пілотів, використовуючи алгоритми нечіткого виведення. Цей підхід враховує комплексні аспекти, які впливають на професійну компетентність та безпеку пілота під час польотів. Врахування таких факторів, як рівень знань і навичок, досвід пілота, його психологічний стан і умови польоту, дає можливість отримати об'єктивну картину ефективності підготовки. Розроблений метод оцінювання є інноваційним і відкриває нові можливості для підвищення рівня підготовки пілотів та забезпечення безпеки в авіації. Використання алгоритмів нечіткого виведення дозволяє враховувати нестандартні ситуації та реальні умови польотів, що робить оцінку більш адаптивною та точною. Потенційні переваги цього підходу включають можливість ідентифікації слабких місць у підготовці пілотів та вчасного втручання для їх покращення. Крім того, врахування психологічного стану пілота може допомогти у запобіганні стресових ситуацій під час польоту, що також впливає на загальну безпеку.
КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ПРОТОКОЛІВ МАРШРУТИЗАЦІЇ MESH-МЕРЕЖ
Authors: Хажанець Юрій , Білоус Олег
Published: July 2024

У даній роботі було проведено аналіз та класифікацію протоколів маршрутизації mesh-мереж. Mesh-мережі відіграють важливу роль в організації бездротового зв'язку, проте ефективність їх функціонування залежить від вибору оптимальних протоколів маршрутизації. У статті розглянуті різноманітні аспекти, такі як характеристики mesh-мереж, вимоги до протоколів маршрутизації та їх класифікація з урахуванням різних факторів, таких як маршрутні метрики, методи вибору шляху та реакція на зміни у мережі. Розуміння сучасних протоколів маршрутизації в mesh-мережах може служити важливим джерелом інформації для фахівців у галузі бездротових мереж та дослідників, які цікавляться цією проблематикою. Завданням дослідження було проведення аналізу та порівняння різних протоколів маршрутизації, таких як OLSR, B.A.T.M.A.N., Babel тощо, з метою визначення їхніх переваг, недоліків та сфер застосування, а також аналіз основних проблем, таких як масштабованість, якість обслуговування (QoS), безпека тощо, з метою визначення основних викликів та можливих шляхів їх вирішення.
АДАПТАЦІЯ ЛІТАКІВ ТАКТИЧНОЇ АВІАЦІЇ ПОВІТРЯНИХ СИЛ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ ДЛЯ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИХ АВІАЦІЙНИХ ЗАСОБІВ УРАЖЕННЯ КЛАСУ “ПОВІТРЯ-ПОВЕРХНЯ”
Authors: Каплюк Олександр , Гончаренко Євген , Печененко Олег , Чернов Сергій
Published: July 2024

Після надходження в Україну зразків авіаційних засобів ураження, що стоять на озброєнні країн-членів НАТО, постало завдання стосовно необхідності їхньої інтеграції в системи авіаційного озброєння наявного парку літаків Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України радянського виробництва. Це викликало низку технічних і наукових завдань. Поступове їх вирішення у процесі адаптації літаків тактичної авіації для застосування зразків іноземних авіаційних засобів ураження класу “повітря-поверхня” підняло питання про подальше розширення номенклатури таких зразків авіаційних засобів ураження з метою підвищення спроможностей Повітряних Сил.У статті визначено зразки іноземних авіаційних засобів ураження класу “повітря-поверхня”, обладнаних аеродинамічними комплектами із супутниковим наведенням різних модифікацій, некеровані авіаційні ракети, обладнані комплектами лазерного наведення та крилаті ракети повітряного базування, які доцільно інтегрувати в системи озброєння літаків тактичної авіації.Отримані наукові результати дають змогу розширити та доповнити вже існуючі дані про способи адаптації повітряних суден радянського виробництва для застосування іноземних авіаційних засобів ураження та номенклатуру авіаційних засобів ураження, які здатні застосовувати літаки типів МіГ-29, Су-27, Су-25 та Су-24 для ураження наземних цілей.
ШЛЯХИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ БОЙОВИХ СПРОМОЖНОСТЕЙ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ЧАСТИН ЗА РАХУНОК ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ УДАРНИХ БПЛА
Authors: Чирак Микола
Published: July 2024

У статті проведений аналіз вогневого ураження противника, підрозділами ударних дронів Сил оборони України у період з 24.02.2022 по 24.02.2024 року з метою стримування наступу противника та недопущення просування в глибину території України. Визначено, що головним вогневим засобом ураження противника зі складу механізованих, мотопіхотних, піхотних, взводів та підрозділів Сил територіальної оборони – це ручні та станкові протитанкові гранатомети, протитанкові ракетні комплекси, ударні безпілотні авіаційні комплекси. Зроблено висновки, що у подальшому слід максимально оптимізувати, у тому числі і економічно вигідне швидке вогневе ураження противника, з максимальною ефективністю бойового застосування вогневих засобі, що є у складі тактичних підрозділів на передньому краї оборони військ Збройних Сил України з використанням максимальної кількості високоточної зброї, у тому числі з оптимізацією використання високоточної зброї виробництва СРСР.
Análisis de las medidas cautelares con enfoque a la prisión preventiva como principal problema del hacinamiento en los centros privativos de libertad
Authors: Tapia Villavicencio Marcelo Israel , Ochoa Rodríguez Fernando Esteban
Published: July 2024

Introducción. En los procesos penales, la existencia de medidas cautelares como parte de las fórmulas descritas en favor de la protección de los ciudadanos tiene como objetivo evitar posibles violaciones o irrespeto de los derechos constitucionales. La idea central radica en hacer un uso racional de estas medidas sin causar efectos colaterales dañinos a la institucionalidad y a la sociedad, como el hacinamiento carcelario. A menudo, se toman decisiones que recurren a la prisión preventiva para garantizar que el acusado estará presente y cumplirá con la pena señalada. Sin embargo, esta práctica ocasiona consecuencias en el aparato jurídico nacional, convirtiéndose en la causa principal del hacinamiento en los Centros Privativos de Libertad (CPL) del Ecuador.  Objetivo. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las consecuencias de la prisión preventiva en el sistema carcelario ecuatoriano y proponer mejoras en el uso de medidas cautelares para evitar el hacinamiento y proteger los derechos constitucionales de los ciudadanos. Metodología. Este artículo se centró en aspectos cualitativos, descriptivos y bibliográficos. Se emplearon entrevistas con informantes clave que proporcionaron gran parte de su conocimiento en favor de las ciencias jurídicas penales. A través de estos métodos, se buscó producir aportes con fundamentos científicos orientados al mejoramiento del sistema de justicia penal ecuatoriano. Resultados. Los hallazgos del artículo indican que la recurrencia a la prisión preventiva como medida cautelar principal contribuye significativamente al hacinamiento en los CPL del Ecuador. Se identificaron diversas actividades y acciones tomadas en el marco del ordenamiento jurídico penal vigente que, aunque bien intencionadas, a menudo no consideran los efectos colaterales en la infraestructura carcelaria y los derechos de los detenidos. Conclusión.  Es esencial revisar y mejorar el uso de medidas cautelares en el sistema de justicia penal ecuatoriano para evitar el hacinamiento carcelario y proteger los derechos constitucionales de los ciudadanos. Se recomienda un enfoque más racional y equilibrado en la aplicación de la prisión preventiva, con la consideración de alternativas menos restrictivas y más efectivas en la protección de la sociedad y los derechos individuales. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derecho Procesal Penal y Litigación Oral. Tipo de estudio: Artículos originales.
Blast wave interaction during explosive detonation in a variable cross-sectional charge
Authors: Ishchenko Oleksii , Novikov Leonid , Ponomarenko Ivan , Konoval Volodymyr , Kinasz Roman , Ishchenko Kostiantyn
Published: June 2024

Purpose. The research aims to assess the efficiency and performance of solid media destruction in directed blasting of a charge with variable cross-sectional shape. Methods. Numerical modelling of the blast wave interaction process is performed using the finite element method based on the Euler-Lagrange algorithm. The Johns-Wilkins-Lee equation of state is used to determine the pressure-volume dependences of medium destruction. Assessment of solid medium destruction mechanism during a directed blasting of a charge with variable cross-sectional shape is carried out based on polarization-optical method on models made of optically active material. Findings. Experimental studies of solid medium destruction by the action of directed blasting with a variable cross-section charge made it possible to determine the direction of blast wave propagation and its amplitude in stress wave, influencing the intensity of radial crack network formation in superposition areas, and directed perpendicularly to explosive cavity. At the same time, the average peak pressure in collision zone of two shock waves in centre of spherical cavity is approximately 1.48 and 1.84 times higher than that in weakly blast-loaded areas. It has been found that when two shock waves collide and superimpose on each other, the intensity of their impact increases. Moreover, the shock wave velocity in collision zone is higher than that of the radial shock wave. Originality. It has been determined that the maximum pressure values on the explosive cavity wall at the initiation points sharply increase and then gradually stabilize as the blast stress waves propagate and have an arbitrary distribution pattern. Three areas should be considered: not superimposed, weakly superimposed, and strongly superimposed. At each point of detonation, the pressure on explosive cavity wall will be minimal, while in the charge centre in the spherical insert zone, on the contrary, it will be maximal. In this case, the pressure in the central superposition area is about 2.84 times greater than at the initiation ends, and the nature of distribution changes according to a linear dependence. Practical implications. The performed research findings can serve as a basis for development of effective parameters of resource-saving methods for stripping hard rocks of complex structure in the conditions of ore mines.
Research into mechanical properties of ore and rocks in the ore deposits with assessment of the mass stress state natural field
Authors: Matayev Azamat , Zeitinova Sholpan , Mussin Ravil , Doni Dinara , Shaike Nurlan , Kuttybayev Aidar , Iskakov Rustem
Published: June 2024

Purpose. The research aims to conduct a comprehensive study of the mechanical properties of ores and rocks within the Zhilandy Group field, as well as to assess the natural field of mass stress state to solve geomechanical problems in optimizing mining operations. Methods. To determine the boundary conditions when measuring the stress-strain state of the mass, a complex methodology is proposed, including stress measurements using hydraulic fracturing methods of the wells and determining the physical-mechanical properties of rocks. Five rock probes have been tested. Twelve tests (six tests in natural and six in water-saturated states) have been conducted for each probe. Findings. Hydraulic fracturing tests at the metering stations show significant tectonic stress due to the shape of structural folds and the mass fracturing. It has been revealed that the hard rock mass is characterized by non-uniform fracturing. It is of tectonic origin and averages between 10-15 and 15-25 fractures per meter for different lithological varieties. The maximum horizontal stress at the stations is oriented along an azimuth of 70° ± 10. Originality. The influence of water saturation on the reduction of strength and deformation characteristics of rocks has been determined for the conditions of the Zhilandy Group field, which shows significant variations depending on the rock type. Especially important is the revealed fact of a significant decrease in uniaxial compression and uniaxial tensile strength, as well as a decrease in Young’s modulus and cohesion factor. Linear dependences of stresses occurring with depth have been obtained from the measurement results. Practical implications. The results obtained are of significant importance for the mining industry. Understanding the extent of reduction in strength characteristics during water saturation and assessing the natural field of the stress mass state allows more accurate prediction of rock behavior.
Influence of climatic factors on spatio-temporal variabilities in the occurrence of aflatoxins in major food grains available at retail shops in Bangladesh
Authors: Neogi Sucharit Basu , Uddin Md Nasir , Arif Mohammad , Sen Ashis Ratan , Paul Priyanka Rani , Saddam Md Jahidul Islam , Haque AKM Ziaul , Samosornsuk Seksun , Samosornsuk Worada , Kabir SM Lutful
Published: June 2024

In Bangladesh, little is known about the role of climatic factors influencing spatio-temporal occurrence among different food grains of aflatoxins, which have been linked to liver cancer cases and other health hazards. In this study, 252 food grain samples of 10 types were collected from retail markets at 18 districts, pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons during February-September, 2018. Occurrence and concentration of total aflatoxins in the samples were analysed by a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and compared with climatic data (temperature, humidity, rainfall, and sunshine hours). Contamination of aflatoxins was found in approx. 38% (n=96) of the total samples, with highest occurrence in groundnuts (82%), followed by corn grains (70%), chick pea (54.5%), wheat grain (50%) and green gram (42.9%). Aflatoxins occurrence was moderate in split chick pea (30.8%), yellow pea (28.2%), black gram (27.8%), and lentils (27.6%), while the lowest in grass pea (17.6%). Aflatoxins concentration was found to exceed the European Union permissible limit (≤5 µg kg-1) in 33 (13.1%) samples. Overall, approximately 5.6%, 7.5%, and 25.0% samples were contaminated with high (10-19 ppb), medium (5-9 ppb) and low (1-4 ppb) concentrations of aflatoxins, respectively. High level concentration of aflatoxins was more frequent in groundnut (36%) and wheat grain (20%), in comparison to other types. Occurrence of aflatoxins during pre-monsoon was detected among 21% (19/91) samples, which increased to ca. 30% (36/119) during monsoon, and 98% (41/42) during post-monsoon. However, aflatoxins mean concentration during post-monsoon was comparatively low than the other seasons. Variations in aflatoxins monthly prevalence correlated significantly with relative humidity (p ≤ 0.01) and rainfall (p≤ 0.05), when a 1-month time lag was considered. Therefore, predisposing climatic conditions, i.e., rainfall incidences and persistence of higher relative humidity in the previous month(s), have salient influence on aflatoxins occurrence, potentially impacting both pre-harvest and stored food grains. This study underscores the need of a more holistic monitoring of aflatoxins in agricultural products for a longer term, and adoption of proper intervention measures for food grains while being stored and before consumption.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2024, 8(2), 32-47
Performance evaluation of Indigenous and Garole crossbred sheep (F1) under semi-intensive management system
Authors: Sun MA , Islam SS , Islam MS , Rahman MM , D Mondol
Published: June 2024

A crossbreeding program was sought to enhance the genetic attributes of coastal sheep by mating them with Garole rams. The breeding program involved a combination of two male Garole with a group of twenty indigenous ewes. These sheep were permitted to mate naturally, without external intervention. Data collection focused on key metrics like birth weight (kg lamb-1), litter size, sex of lambs, instances of dystocia, weaning weight (kg lamb-1), weaning age (days), body weight (kg), age at puberty (days), and mortality rates (%). Crossbred male lambs had an average birth weight of 1.48±0.12 kg, while female lambs averaged 1.57±0.10 kg. Male to female ratio among crossbred lambs was 54.1% to 45.9%. As for weaning, males and females averaged 151.92±2.24 days and 144.00±4.20 days, respectively, with respective weaning weights of 7.98±0.85 kg for males and 8.31±0.90 kg for females. Between 30 and 60 days, male and female lambs gained at 50.16±5.94 g day-1 and 51.44±7.82 g day-1, respectively. Between 331 and 360 days, growth rates were 15.33±3.84 g day-1 and 22.33±6.00 g day-1 for males and females respectively. Dystocia, or difficult births, occurred in 75% of cases. There was no mortality for male lambs, but female lambs experienced a 20% mortality rate. Crossbreeding has emerged as a viable strategy for increasing meat production due to enhanced growth rates and their adaptability to certain environments. It can be concluded that crossbreeding of indigenous coastal sheep with Garole ram can be carried out to increase body weight and ADG.
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 53 (2): 55-67, 2024
Effects of the Hot Water Pre-treatments and Storage Durations on the Seed Germination of Falcata (Falcataria Falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin)
Authors: Paquit Joseph C , Luceño-Tenizo Aprille Joy M , Coritico Fulgent P
Published: July 2024

Seed dormancy in Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin is well documented. In order to attain a higher seed germination rate, the effect of hot water pre-treatment and storage duration was determined in this study. This study found a highly significant difference (p < 0.05) between the mean Cumulative Germination Percentage (CGP) between treatments. Hot water pre-treatment significantly increased the CGP of seeds. However, storage duration and its interaction with different hot water pre-treatment did not have a statistically significant effect on the CGP of seeds. Overnight (12 hrs) soaking of seeds in water with an initial temperature of 80oC yields the highest CGP regardless of the storage duration. On development, it was found that radicle emergence of imbibed seeds generally starts within 1-2 days.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(2): 249-255, 2024 (June)
Effects of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid On Morphological, Biochemical and Yield Attributes of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Naik Bukke Vishnu , Ahmad Md Afjal , Jangde Savita , Sanodiya Pratik , Ray Madhurya , Reddy KN Madhusudhana , Jat Manju
Published: July 2024

An experiment was performed in the kharif- 2022 focusing on the impact of foliar applications of Salicylic acid on various morphological, biochemical, and yield attributes in maize, using the CP-858 variety. The study involved four concentrations of salicylic acid: T1-50ppm, T2-100ppm, T3-150ppm, and T4-175ppm. Notable differences emerged in morphological and yield attributes such as sink size, test weight and yield per plot, revealing a marked increase in plant physiological efficiency treated with Salicylic acid when compared to the control. This trend was also evident in key biochemical parameters like chlorophyll 'a', 'b', and total chlorophyll content, and protein content in leaves, showing a positive response to exogenously applied Salicylic acid. Similar outcomes were recorded in terms of yield and yield-related indicators. These outcomes underscore the significance of Salicylic acid as a potent growth regulator for crop plants, particularly those cultivated under dryland conditions.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(2): 273-278, 2024 (June)
Marker Assisted Characterization of TGMS Gene in Rice Cultigen Ts 29 (Oryza Sativa L.) to Develop Two Line Hybrids
Authors: Kavithamani D , Premalatha N , Devi M Uma , Sheela Krv Sathya , Thangahemavathi A , Rajeswari R
Published: July 2024

The application of the thermsensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) system has great potential for revolutionizing hybrid rice production through simple and effective seed production technology. For the successful utilization of this novel male sterility system, knowledge of the fertility behaviour and genetic control of a TGMS line is essential. In this study, an investigation was carried out to characterize the TGMS gene present in the mapping population of TS 29 x CO(R)49. Through Bulk Segregant Analysis RM 3476 alone produced a polymorphic relationship between the parents and corresponding bulks and was used for surveying the individual plants of F3/F4 population. The marker RM 3476 produced contrasting fragments between sterile and fertile plants. The result was associated with the phenotypic observations on pollen fertility under the field conditions, confirming co-segregation of the marker with the gene of interest. Hence, the tight linkage of marker with TGMS gene was identified by RM 3476 which was already identified as a marker located near tms 6 gene in chromosome 5. From this study four TGMS lines were also identified with desirable floral traits for high out crossing and medium slender grain type.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(2): 345-351, 2024 (June)
Sustainable improvement of rice growth under salinity stress using an endophytic fungus-based biofertilizer
Authors: Chowdhury Amit , Arafat Md Iyasir , Airin Arifa Akhter , Azim Tomalika , Begum Rifat Ara , Islam Md Rakibul , Rahman Md Sazzadur , Seraj Zeba Islam
Published: June 2024

Salinity stress adversely affects rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth, development and overall productivity. Multiple strategies have been implemented to enhance the resilience of rice plants, enabling them to grow better in saline environments. Use of biofertilizers, a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, has gained significant attention in modern agriculture due to their potential to improve soil fertility, enhance crop productivity, and mitigate environmental concerns. Biofertilizers encompass a diverse group of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, which interact with plants through various mechanisms. These beneficial microbes have been reported to convert atmospheric nitrogen into plant-available forms and break down insoluble phosphates and zinc complexes in the soil. Additionally, they can also produce growth regulators, enhance nutrient availability, and protect plants against pathogens.
In our previous study, a salt-tolerant endophytic fungus isolated from the halophytic wild rice, Oryza coarctata, was identified as Aspergillus welwitschiae Ocstreb1 by whole genome sequence analysis. During the in-vitro experiments, the endophyte showed several plant growth promoting activities such as, zinc and phosphate solubilization, siderophore, IAA, and ACC-deaminase production, nitrogen fixation, etc. in both normal and 900 mM salt stress. In this study, the endophyte was used to formulate a biofertilizer in combination with talcum powder to enhance the growth and yield of rice plants under salinity stress. This research investigated the effectiveness of the biofertilizer in four distinct salinity tanks under both non-saline and 6 dS/m saline conditions, each containing three different varieties of rice.  Treatment of BRRI dhan28 (BD-28), BRRI dhan67 (BD-67) and BRRI dhan87 (BD-87) rice plants with the formulated biofertilizer significantly enhanced their yield in both non-saline and saline conditions. Among the three rice varieties, BD-28 showed the highest significant  (p<0.05) yield increase, with 104.20% under normal conditions and 3080.56% under salt stress. BD-67 exhibited a 45.15% increase in normal conditions and 153.64% under salt stress (P<0.05). BD-87 showed a significant yield increase only under salt stress, at 293.63% (p<0.05).
From the results of the study, it can be proposed that the formulated biofertilizer is a potential eco-friendly and cost-effective solution to improve cultivation and yield of rice in the highly saline coastal regions of Bangladesh.
Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1474-1481, 2024 (July)
Morphometric and DNA-based identification of horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda (Latreille, 1802) and Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785) from Bangladesh coast
Authors: Haque Wahida , Enam Sanjana , Islam Md Tarikul , Datta Sujan Kumar , Ahmed Md Sagir
Published: June 2024

Horseshoe crabs are the living fossils of xiphosurans that have survived for over 200 million years without morphological change and records fossil dating back 500 million years. A study was conducted on morphometric and molecular characterization of horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda (Latreille, 1802) and Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785) from Bangladesh waters. A total of ten samples of C. rotundicauda and one sample of T. gigas were collected from Dublar Char, Sundarbans and Cox’s bazar from June 2016 to May 2017 and February 2024, respectively. Among them, four specimens were male and seven female. Morphometric measurements were taken from all the collected samples and differentiated male and female based on the second pair of legs, the pedipalps. The species were genetically identified using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. An average length of about 670.5 bp nucleotide sequences were obtained. Average percentage of nucleotide frequencies were T (30.3), C (16.3), A (34.4) and G (19.0) for C. rotundicauda and T (34.45), C (22.01), A (27.91) and C (15.63) for T. gigas. GC content analysis showed that average GC 36.20% and AT 63.80%. The average GC content at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd codon position were 38.82%, 37.87% and 31.92% respectively.  This is the first report of DNA barcoding of a living fossil C. rotundicauda and T. gigas from Bangladesh and will serve as baseline information for future research, conservation and management of this invaluable primitive creature.
Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1489-1494, 2024 (July)
Vegetable Recipe Variations in Urban and Periurban Bangladesh: Recipe Survey, Recipe Standardization, And Nutrient Analysis
Authors: Afrin Sanjida Nur A , Akter Fahmida , MA Rahim Abu Torab
Published: June 2024

Recipe variation has social, economic, geographical, cultural, and other roots. The Analysis of each recipe’s composition is not plausible from a chemical as well as an economic point of view. Instead, a standardized recipe from a set of similar recipes could be ideal for cooking and chemical analysis of the nutrient composition of cooked recipes. This type of data has been found to be scanty in conventional food composition tables (FCT) across the globe. Recipe calculation from raw ingredients has always been problematic because cooking is regarded as an unpredictable process on every occasion. Therefore, analysis of cooked recipes is preferred for FCTs which are used for more authentic and accurate in menu planning for individual or community health purposes. The present study seeks to partially fill the information gap on compositional data for vegetable and leafy vegetable recipes consumed by the lower to middle-income urban and peri-urban households of Bangladesh because they have been observed to be the main consumer of these recipes. The study was conducted into three phases. In phase I, a recipe survey was conducted among purposely selected housewives (n=100) representing Dhaka (n=33), Rangpur (n=37), Rajshahi (n=18) and Chattogram (n=12) divisions. In phase II, 10 selected homemade vegetable and leafy vegetable recipes were selected and standardized from the most cited recipe list obtained from consecutive recipe surveys. In phase III, chemical analyses for proximate nutrients were carried out followed by compilation of vitamin and mineral values from local and global food composition databases. The result revealed that the Moisture, Ash, Protein, Fat, Total Dietary Fiber and Available Carbohydrate content (g/100 g) and Calorie of the samples ranged from 71.57-83.68%, 1.30-4.94%, 1.17-5.86%, 0.20-9.18%, 2.63-7.28%, 1.43-14.66%, and 64.94 to 126.28 Kcal respectively. Method validation and analytical quality assurance program was carried out along with all standard operating procedure (SOP) to ensure quality data generation. Therefore, the data obtained in this study can be taken as reliable data which will enrich the food composition database of Bangladesh.
Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1565-1572, 2024 (July)
Fatty acid composition of selected fish species farmed in Biofloc system
Authors: Mamun Sumaiya , Sadia Mohua Islam , Kabir Alamgir , Zaher Mohammad Abduz , Ullah Mohammad Ata
Published: June 2024

Bangladesh is well known for the abundant range of fish. Though fish consumption and variety are very high in Bangladesh, the biodiversity has been alarmingly declining in recent years due to a number of factors including the country's rapid population growth, industrial water pollution, natural disasters, sea intrusion, salinity, overexploitation of fisheries, use of harmful gear, and dewatering of waterbodies. Given that 60% of Bangladesh's rural poor are functionally landless, lack of access to land and water for agricultural production, and rely, in part, on shared resources like fish for their livelihoods and food, the loss of fish biodiversity could pose a special challenge for them. Considering all of this, biofloc technology ensures safe food and higher productivity in high-density fish farming in a limited area by being sustainable and ageless. In order to satisfy the demands, more creative and effective techniques for growing and harvesting fish have been created as the fishing business has developed. Present study analyses the fatty acid profile of two commonly consumed fish species Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Systomus sarana (Shorputi). These fishes were farmed in biofloc system. They were fed commercial feeds and organic feed. Later the the fatty acid profile of both groups were measured. The organic feed group showed higher level of PUFA, omega 3 & 6 fatty acid. Through biofloc technology it is possible to produce fish species with high nutritional level using minimum land and water resources. Sustainable food system can be developed through more research in Bangladesh.
Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1592-1596, 2024 (July)
Plastic waste management through biological methods: an approach towards sustainable development
Authors: Khatun M Mahfuza , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Showva Nazmir Nur
Published: June 2024

At present, the massive plastic pollution load into the environment has become an alarming issue in the world. Plastic wastes enter into the food chain through different ways and can cause serious health issues in aquatic animals and humans besides environmental pollution. Several techniques, including adsorption, coagulation, photocatalysis, and microbial degradation, as well as approaches such as reduction, reuse, and recycling, are currently popular. These techniques vary in their efficiency and the way they interact. Additionally, this review emphasizes the significant benefits and difficulties linked to these methods and strategies in order to comprehend the process of choosing viable paths toward a sustainable future. However, besides reducing plastic waste in the ecosystem, other alternative avenues have also been recently investigated to convert plastic wastes into value-added products for the circular economy. This review paper provides an overview of the currently documented methods and strategies focusing on the biological approaches used for the elimination of plastic trash and bioplastic development approaches. Furthermore, it is crucial to gain a comprehension of the key variables that must be highlighted while contemplating various methods and possibilities for bioplastic production, or insights into the potential utilization of these trashes as valuable resources or converting the plastic wastes into electricity, and transforming it into fuel. This review aims to offer readers a thorough summary of the current state of research about tactics and strategies to address the worldwide problem of plastic pollution.
Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1597-1608, 2024 (July)
Intraoperative diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy in a case of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A case report
Authors: Arin Kazi Mahzabin , Karmakar Chandra Shekhar , Akhtaruzzaman AKM
Published: July 2024

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