bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Mi Fuma il Cervello” self-portrait series of Alighiero Boetti: evaluation of a conservation and maintenance strategy based on sacrificial coatings
Authors: Gulotta Davide , Mariani Bruna , Guerrini Edoardo , Trasatti Stefano , Letardi Paola , Rosetti Laura , Toniolo Lucia , Goidanich Sara
Published: April 2017

“Mi Fuma il Cervello” (“steaming brain”) is the iconic self-portrait of Alighiero Boetti, in which the artist is represented standing up while a copper hose lets water flow on his head. A hidden electric resistance heats the sculpture’s head so that the splashing water forms a dense vapour mist as it comes in contact with the hot metal surface. Such system is normally active only during museum exhibitions and determines critical conservation issues due to the inevitable formation of a thick and adherent calcareous deposit. Recently, the Fonderia Artistica Battaglia (Milan, Italy) conducted an extensive conservative intervention aimed at retrieving the original aesthetic features of the bronze surface and its artificial patina finishing. A conservation strategy was proposed based on the use of a superficial coating, to protect the surface and to ease the removal of the calcareous deposits in view of future cleaning operations. Three siliconic commercial paints were selected and preliminarily applied to specimens that simulate the actual alloy. The efficacy, compatibility and durability of the treatments were tested by accelerated ageing test based on combined thermal and wetting cycles, representative of the real working conditions. A multi-analytical diagnostic approach was followed for the evaluation of the coatings characteristics and performances before and after aging: stereomicroscopy, ESEM-EDX, VIS-Light spectrophotometry, micro-FTIR, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The research showed that from the aesthetic point of view all coatings induce only limited and rather comparable initial colour variations. The permanence of the treatments upon ageing, used as durability indicator, was assessed in all cases but the protective layers appeared damaged and no longer continuous over the metal surface. The best performing treatment was identified and further tested with respect to re-treatability. The results provide indications for the general conservation and maintenance protocol.
Application of solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the detection of active moulds on historical objects
Authors: Sawoszczuk Tomasz , Syguła-Cholewińska Justyna
Published: April 2017

The main purpose of these studies was to assess the possibility of applying the technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME)–gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) to detect the activity of moulds on historical objects, based on the analysis of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs). The studies were performed for selected species of moulds, which were inoculated onto model samples of silk, cellulose, parchment and wool that had been prepared on microbiological medium, in vials for headspace sampling. After a few days of incubation, the MVOCs in the vials were sampled by using SPME fibre, and then they were analysed in the GC–MS system. The acquired chromatograms were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed, and it was ascertained that among the identified compounds are markers of mould activity which can be used to detect the vital mould growing on actual historic items. This usefulness of the method was additionally confirmed by analysis of MVOCs emitted by keratinolytically active mould inoculated on a sample of historical wool prepared in a Petri dish without a medium.
Strategies for imaging with Marchenko-retrieved Green’s functions
Authors: Singh Satyan , Snieder Roel
Published: April 2017

Recent papers show that imaging with the retrieved Green’s function constructed by the Marchenko equations, called Marchenko imaging, reduces artifacts from internal and free-surface multiples compared with standard imaging techniques. Even though artifacts are reduced, they can still be present in the image, depending on the imaging condition used. We have found that when imaging with the up- and downgoing Green’s functions, the multidimensional deconvolution (MDD) imaging condition yields better images than correlation and deconvolution. “Better” in this case means improved resolution, fewer artifacts, and a closer match with the true reflection coefficient of the model. We have determined that the MDD imaging condition only uses primaries to construct the image, whereas multiples are implicitly subtracted in the imaging step. Consequently, combining the first arrival of the downgoing Green’s function with the complete upgoing Green’s function produces superior (or at least equivalent) images than using the one-way Green’s functions because the first arrival of the downgoing Green’s function excludes all the downgoing multiply reflected waves. We also find that standard imaging algorithms which use the redatumed reflection response, constructed with the one-way Green’s functions, produce images with reduced artifacts from multiples compared with standard imaging conditions, which use surface reflection data. All imaging methods that rely on the Marchenko equations require the same inputs as standard imaging techniques: the reflection response at the surface and a smooth estimate of the subsurface velocities.
Quantitative interpretation using facies-based seismic inversion
Authors: Zabihi Naeini Ehsan , Exley Russell
Published: April 2017

Quantitative interpretation (QI) is an important part of successful exploration, appraisal, and development activities. Seismic amplitude variation with offset (AVO) provides the primary signal for the vast majority of QI studies allowing the determination of elastic properties from which facies can be determined. Unfortunately, many established AVO-based seismic inversion algorithms are hindered by not fully accounting for inherent subsurface facies variations and also by requiring the addition of a preconceived low-frequency model to supplement the limited bandwidth of the input seismic. We apply a novel joint impedance and facies inversion applied to a North Sea prospect using broadband seismic data. The focus was to demonstrate the significant advantages of inverting for each facies individually and iteratively determine an optimized low-frequency model from facies-derived depth trends. The results generated several scenarios for potential facies distributions thereby providing guidance to future appraisal and development decisions.
Relationship between pore characteristics and occurrence state of shale gas: A case study of Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China
Authors: Chen Lei , Jiang Zhenxue , Liu Keyu , Wang Pengfei , Liu Yu , Bi He , Gao Fenglin , Zhang Chen , Ji Wenming
Published: April 2017

We have used focused ion beam-helium ion microscopy and low-pressure [Formula: see text] adsorption to investigate the pore characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale. These results, combined with the molecular potential energy theory, reveal the relationship between pore size and the occurrence state of shale gas. Our results reveal that (1) the pore volume and the specific surface area of Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale are mainly contributed by the pores with diameters of less than 10 nm. Nanoscale organic-matter pores are predominant, and the pore surface is not generally smooth and has fractal characteristics. (2) When the distance between the methane molecule and the pore wall in organic-matter pores is limited to 2 nm, there is a strong interaction force between them, and the methane molecule is affected by the interaction force and is in the adsorbed state accordingly. When the distance between them is greater than 2 nm, the interaction force can be ignored, and the methane molecule is not affected by the interaction force and is in the free state accordingly. (3) In the pores having a radius greater than 2 nm, the adsorption capacity is positively correlated with the specific surface area; whereas in the pores having a radius smaller than 2 nm, the average gas concentration is related to the pore radius. (4) First, the adsorption-zone volume increases, and then it decreases with increasing pore diameter. When the pore diameter ranges from 1 to 6 nm, the adsorption-zone volume is significantly larger than the free-zone volume. Within this range, the adsorption volume nearly equals the pore volume. When the pore diameter ranges from 6 to 60 nm, the adsorption volume gradually decreases, whereas the free volume increases, which equals the adsorption volume when the diameter reaches 15 nm.
Breast Cancer Knowledge, Behaviors, and Preferences in Malawi: Implications for Early Detection Interventions From a Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Kohler Racquel E. , Gopal Satish , Lee Clara N. , Weiner Bryan J. , Reeve Bryce B. , Wheeler Stephanie B.
Published: April 2017

Purpose

Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in Africa and leading cause of death resulting from cancer; however, many countries lack early detection services. In Malawi, women are frequently diagnosed with large tumors after long symptomatic periods. Little is known about local cancer knowledge.

Methods

We administered a cross-sectional survey with a discrete choice experiment to a random sample in urban and rural areas of Lilongwe district. Bivariable and multivariable analyses determined factors associated with knowledge. Preference utilities for early detection interventions were estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian model in Sawtooth software.

Results

Of 213 women recruited, fewer than half were aware of breast cancer. In multivariable analysis, electricity at home and knowing someone with cancer increased the odds of awareness. Women were more knowledgeable about symptoms than treatment or risk factors; more than 60% erroneously believed local misconceptions. Seventeen percent were aware of breast self-examination, and 20% were aware of clinical breast examination (CBE); few reported either behavior. Common barriers included not knowing where to access CBE and transportation difficulties. Discrete choice experiment results indicated the detection strategy (breast health awareness, CBE, or both) was the most important attribute of an intervention, followed by the encounter setting and travel time.

Conclusion

Addressing misconceptions in health messages and engaging survivors to promote early detection may help improve breast cancer knowledge in Malawi. Program designs accounting for women’s preferences should provide breast health education and CBEs in convenient settings to address transportation barriers, particularly for women with low socioeconomic position.
Attempted Development of a Tool to Predict Anesthesia Preparation Time From Patient-Related and Procedure-Related Characteristics
Authors: Maheshwari Kamal , You Jing , Cummings Kenneth C. , Argalious Maged , Sessler Daniel I. , Kurz Andrea , Cywinski Jacek
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND:

Operating room (OR) utilization generally ranges from 50% to 75%. Inefficiencies can arise from various factors, including prolonged anesthesia preparation time, defined as the period from induction of anesthesia until patients are considered ready for surgery. Our goal was to use patient-related and procedure-related factors to develop a model predicting anesthesia preparation time.

METHODS:

From the electronic medical records of adults who had noncardiac surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, we developed a model that used a dozen preoperative factors to predict anesthesia preparation time. The model was based on multivariable regression with “Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator” and 10-fold cross-validation. The overall performance of the final model was measured by R2, which describes the proportion of the variance in anesthesia preparation time that is explained by the model.

RESULTS:

A total of 43,941 cases met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our final model had only moderate discriminative ability. The estimated adjusted R2 for prediction model was 0.34 for the training data set and 0.27 for the testing data set.

CONCLUSIONS:

Using preoperative factors, we could explain only about a quarter of the variance in anesthesia preparation time—an amount that is probably of limited clinical value.
Flurbiprofen Axetil Provides Effective Analgesia Without Changing the Pregnancy Rate in Ultrasound-Guided Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhao Hong , Feng Yi , Jiang Yan , Lu Qun
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND:

In this prospective double-blind randomized study, we evaluated the analgesic effect and potential effect on pregnancy rate of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug flurbiprofen axetil in patients undergoing ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval under propofol–remifentanil anesthesia.

METHODS:

A total of 200 patients scheduled to undergo ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval were randomly allocated to receive 1.5 mg/kg of flurbiprofen axetil (FA group) or placebo (control group) 30 minutes before the procedure. Postoperative pain scores, embryo implantation rate, and pregnancy rate were recorded. Neuroendocrine biomarkers and prostaglandin E2 levels in follicular fluid were tested after oocyte retrieval.

RESULTS:

Patients in the FA group awakened earlier after surgery than patients in the control group (3.3 ± 2.6 vs 5.3 ± 3.4 minutes, P < .05) and had lower pain scores than patients in the control group (2.0 [0.0, 2.8] vs 5.0 [3.0, 5.0], P< .001). The difference in pregnancy rates between the 2 groups (44%–44%) was 0% (conventional 2-sided 95% confidence interval, –13.8% to 13.8%). The lower limit of the 90% 1-sided confidence interval for this difference was −9.0%, which was within the predefined noninferiority margin of −15.0%. The concentration of prostaglandin E2 in follicular fluid was decreased in the FA group (24.51 ± 1.52 vs 25.15 ± 1.49 pg/mL, P = .039), although the difference does not appear to be clinically important.

CONCLUSIONS:

Flurbiprofen axetil given before ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval for patients under propofol–remifentanil general anesthesia relieves pain without any detrimental effect on clinical pregnancy rate.
Genomic responses to the socio-sexual environment in male Drosophila melanogaster exposed to conspecific rivals
Authors: Mohorianu Irina , Bretman Amanda , Smith Damian T. , Fowler Emily K. , Dalmay Tamas , Chapman Tracey
Published: April 2017

Socio-sexual environments have profound effects on fitness. Local sex ratios can alter the threat of sexual competition, to which males respond via plasticity in reproductive behaviors and ejaculate composition. In Drosophila melanogaster, males detect the presence of conspecific, same-sex mating rivals prior to mating using multiple, redundant sensory cues. Males that respond to rivals gain significant fitness benefits by altering mating duration and ejaculate composition. Here we investigated the underlying genome-wide changes involved. We used RNA-seq to analyze male transcriptomic responses 2, 26, and 50 h after exposure to rivals, a time period that was previously identified as encompassing the major facets of male responses to rivals. The results showed a strong early activation of multiple sensory genes in the head–thorax (HT), prior to the expression of any phenotypic differences. This gene expression response was reduced by 26 h, at the time of maximum phenotypic change, and shut off by 50 h. In the abdomen (A), fewer genes changed in expression and gene expression responses appeared to increase over time. The results also suggested that different sets of functionally equivalent genes might be activated in different replicates. This could represent a mechanism by which robustness is conferred upon highly plastic traits. Overall, our study reveals that mRNA-seq can identify subtle genomic signatures characteristic of flexible behavioral phenotypes.
Belief As Mystic-Gnoseological Onthologema of Christian Philosophy of Life
Authors: Соболев  , Sobolev Yuri
Published: April 2017

The belief’s problem as one of the key subjects of gnoseology, doesn’t seem less interesting in a historical-religious discourse, as well. The example of comparison of Judaic and Christian tradition shows the various focuses of understanding of a belief’s phenomenon in its interface to texts of the Old and New Testament, Christian exegesis and views of prominent foreign and domestic philosophers (M. Buber, P. Tillikh, H. Yannaras, D. Zilberman, M. Bakhtin).
The Formation of Creative Competence of the Future Teacher of Preschool Educational Organizations in Terms of the Variable Education
Authors: Шумовская
Published: April 2017

The article is devoted to consideration of issues relating to the formation of creative competence of the future teacher of preschool educational organizations in the framework of the variable education, the need for which is attributable to the modern requirements of the profession. Variability of education actualizes the training of professionals involved in the education of future generations from the position of the development of their creative potential, empower personal development in various directions, ability to solve different kinds of tasks, organize educational activities in preschool educational organizations subject to the requirements of modern standards. The variability of the process of formation of creative competence of the future teacher is presented through the substantial and organizational aspects. The first aspect is characterized by research activity in the process of classroom and extracurricular work. The potentialities of scientific research in the process of the formation of competence. The second aspect is implemented using the interaction of actors in research activities and research collaboration, which involves the passing of phases: end-to-end (monitoring and dialogue) and serial ("meeting", understanding, thinking, activities) that are methodologically based on the concepts of the hermeneutic approach. Described in detail the nature and organization of each phase of a scientific collaboration with the aim of forming creative competence of future teacher of preschool educational institution.
Open Programme Stakeholders� Expectations � Is It Possible to Manage?
Authors: ��������  , Yakovleva Anna , ���������  , Pisarenko O.
Published: April 2017

Problems of open programmes stakehoders� expectations, connected with benefit realization management (BRM) are considered in the article. It is revealed that programmes benefits are significantly connected with stakeholders expectations, in case of open proramme they even coincide. It is explained by the fact, that open programme stakeholders often define benfits on their own. Basing on this conclusion, recommendations directed towards integration of BRM (including stakeholders expectation) in programme management are presented. The recommendations include principles of coordination, specifics of subject area and set of documents.
Training of Reflection As a Method of Increasing the Efficiency of Intercultural Communication
Authors: Кананчук  , Kananchuk L. , Смолева  , Smoleva T.
Published: April 2017

The article deals with one of the leading methods of training

future experts for intercultural communication. Special attention is

paid to the psychological-pedagogical research of reflection as the

ability to improve the communicative competence.

The purpose of the training for each participant is to learn to solve

problems of intercultural communication in professional activity and

interpersonal communication. Be aware of how cultural stereotypes

affect the perception and behavior of the subjects of the multiethnic

educational environment due to the emergence of a situation of psychologic

uncertainty.

In the article approaches to the study of the phenomenon of reflection

in the context of overcoming uncertainty and increasing the effectiveness

of intercultural communication in terms of training are disclosed.

Particular attention is paid to cognitive-emotive technology to overcome

the negative emotions of the person adaptation to the representatives

of other culture through the prism of the reflective skills of participants

in intercultural communication.

Relevance the article presents the contents of the study is determined

by the importance of studying this aspect in connection with necessity

of definition of the status of the training reflection as a method of

increasing the efficiency of intercultural communication.
To the Question on the Evolution of Traditional Social Institutions in Modern Tajikistan
Authors: Овсянников  , Ovsyannikov D. , Попов  , Popov D.
Published: April 2017

The article deals with the transformation of social relations

in Tajikistan in the historical and contemporary context. There

are an explanation of the basic concepts, of which the term "avlod"

is key, the analysis of causality that led to the synthesis of the traditional

and the post-Soviet social institutions in the local community

in the text. The authors investigate structure of the society

in Tajikistan, his horizontal and vertical categories, understanding

of their identity in the local society. The questions of effective

public administration and traditional authorities in Tajikistan, the

reasons of neotraditionalism and a problem of social stratification

of territorial communities are considered.
The Core of the Activity Concept of Extend Didactic Unit (EDU) Technology in Teaching Geometry
Authors: Ульянова  , Ulyanova I.
Published: April 2017

The core of the concept allows to characterize the specifics

of any pedagogical concept and to enable the theoretical and

logical inference of its key provisions. It is formed by the basic laws

and principles of the concept as a system of scientific knowledge.

The activity concept of the technology of extend didactic units

(EDU) is based on the idea of an action enlargement, as a fundamental

strategic component. Then one of the components of the

core of the activity concept EDU, explaining the regularities of its

functioning, is the system of an action enlargement as didactic

units.

The given paper is reveals the gradual construction of a final (noncomputer)

model of system of this enlargement using the phased

construction of the auxiliary models: informational and symbolic.

Also the mechanism of an action enlargement based on this model

is described. Thus the essence of the model and the mechanism

of an enlargement are showed on the subject material of the school

course of geometry.
Theoretical Aspects of Environmental Monitoring to Assess the Environmental Situation
Authors: Гасымова  , Gasymova V. , Мамедзаде  , Mamedzade N.
Published: April 2017

The article considers the theoretical aspects of environmental

monitoring, as exemplified in actinomycetes – producers

of polyene antibiotics (PA), depending on geographical and climatic

zones of distribution of microorganisms. Using PA as a test

system, it is possible to trace the relationship between the taxonomic

position of the producers and the properties of their antibiotics.

It is assumed that depending on the geographical locations

of the producers of PA, may be the biosynthesis of molecules of

PA, resulting in the formation of antibiotics with a modified molecular

structure.
Features of Math Correction-Developing Work in the 4th Grade
Authors: Кочурова  , Kochurova Elena
Published: April 2017

The article considers the problem of organization of correction and developing work in the 4th grade of primary school. The features of teaching methods of the 4th graders are considered, that find math difficult. The influence of diagnostics on the teaching process correction is shown; the teacher’s work aimed at addressing the causes of children’s difficulties is discussed.
Easily and Interesting: Studying Parts of Speech
Authors: Петленко  , Petlenko L.
Published: April 2017

The article considers innovative approaches to the study of one of the most difficult for the younger schoolchildren part of the program of Russian language – morphology – on the basis of Academic and Methodological Complex “Primary School of the XXI Century”. The difficulties of studying of this part of grammar for younger schoolchildren are caused by high level of abstractedness of learning material and introduction of many concepts and terms. The author offers the special methods and approaches for the successful learning of program part “Morphology”.
Extracurricular Activities As a Sphere of Social and Pedagogical Partnership in the Interaction of the General and Supplementary Education in the Terms of Introduction of the FSES
Authors: �������  , Ivanova I.
Published: April 2017

The article is based on the description of the author�s vision of designing a network of educational interaction in the context of socio-pedagogical partnership between the general and further education in line with the realization of extracurricular activities in the conditions of the introduction of the FSES. The paper describes the stages of a network between educational institutions and supplementary education in the fi eld of extracurricular activities teaching, the content of which need a good idea of planning to become a party to the educational network. Performance criteria of socio-pedagogical partnership in the interaction of the general and supplementary education in the conditions of the introduction of the FSES is the availability of functioning network interaction of educational institutions for the implementation of extracurricular activities in the framework of the FSES, involving teaching, psychological and pedagogical, professional, material and technical resources of educational institutions of diff erent levels; development and implementation of educational programs extracurricular activities FSES-based schools; positive dynamics of development of students involved in extracurricular activities; enhance the professional competence of teachers involved in networking through the organization of extracurricular activities in the Context of the FSES. Socio-pedagogical collaboration between the general and further education, the diff erent models of networking between educational institutions in the conditions of the introduction of the FSES helps to provide opportunities for the development of each child on a variety of activities taking into account the orientation of the individual; eff ective organization of extracurricular activities of students in the development of the FSES; empowerment to improve the professional competence of school teachers; meet the requests of professional participants in the educational process. Perspective and practical importance of this activity, which can be called innovative in the light of the modernization of education is the ability to design and realization of diff erent models of network of educational interaction in the framework of the extracurricular activities of students in the conditions of the introduction of the GEF in the educational space of city, region.
Principles and Criteria of Content Selection of Emotional-Value Component of the Content of Foreign Language Education
Authors: ����������  , Tatarinova M.
Published: April 2017

The article considers the system of general didactic, specifi c principles and criteria for the selection of the content of the emotional-value component (EVC) of the content of foreign language education. It is intended to facilitate the formation and development of students� motivational and value orientations, emotional-volitional relationship and personal universal educational actions (UEA). In the description of the principles of selection of the content of foreign language education we have identifi ed information that is associated with the accentuation of individual (emotional-value and volitional) aspects of students� perceiving diff erent linguistic culture and their experience in it. The system of principles and criteria for the selection of the content of EVC is the basis of the achievement of the objectives of modern foreign language education, ensuring the priority of its moral component. The backbone principle, performing the integrating and coordinating functions of the system, is the principle of conformity of the content of education (CE) to the requirements of the society, science, culture and personality development.
Short Way to the New Knowledge
Authors: ��������  , Fedorova Yuliya , �������  , Nevskaya O.
Published: April 2017

The article discusses the experience of diagnostics ICT Competence of teachers developed at the Moscow Institute of Open Education.
Analysis of the Level of Social and Economic Development of Moscow Region
Authors: Гретченко  , Gretchenko A. , Гретченко  , Gretchenko A.
Published: April 2017

The scientific article is prepared within the supported by RGNF the scientific project No. 15-02-00221. This article analyses the result of the level of social and economic development of Moscow region by its municipalities, extents of their differentiation on the reached level of social and economic development, and development of the legislative offers on the problem resolution revealed as a result of the conducted researches are systematized.
Activity Approach to the Learning: New Terminology or Real Advantages?
Authors: Сиднева  , Sidneva A.
Published: April 2017

The article considers the problem of misunderstanding of the activity approach to learning specific, replacement of many key statements of this approach by more evident and known. As this approach is the basis of the Federal state educational standards, it is important to formulate the criteria of activity approach, which allow to see the new, that this approach offers.
Primary School Today: Normality and Reality
Authors: Виноградова  , Vinogradova Natalya
Published: April 2017

The article considers the key ideas of academic and methodological complex “Primary school of the XXI century”: priority of the development of learning activity, conditions of successful differential training, organization of educational interaction and search activity of schoolchildren on the basis of imaginary situation. The concept of “norm” is considered in respect to the sphere of education from the perspective of ensuring the objective interests of the public, compliance with the requirements of state educational standards, as well as the specifics of the didactic process, which includes objectives, content, methods and tools.
Maximality of the Minimal R-Logic
Authors: Karczewska Anna Maria
Published: April 2017

The minimal system of the connective of realization – T. Jarmużek and A. Pietruszczak’s MR– is examined. The single-index rule is defined. Then it is claimed that if a single– index rule non-derivable in MR is derivable in a strengthening of MR, then the strengthening is inconsistent. This property may be called the single-index maximality.
Repositioning and Cost-Cutting: The Impact of Competition on Platform Strategies
Authors: Seamans Robert , Zhu Feng
Published: April 2017

Organizational structures are increasingly complex. In particular, more firms today operate as multisided platforms. In this paper, we study how platform firms use repositioning and cost-cutting in response to competition, elucidate external and internal factors that constrain or enable these responses, and examine how the firms’ responses affect their performance. Our empirical context is the U.S. newspaper industry, which has experienced increased competition following the entry of Craigslist, an online provider of classified ads. We find that when Craigslist enters a newspaper’s market, the newspaper repositions itself away from other newspapers by changing its content. This results in greater differentiation between newspapers in a market, but occurs primarily in markets in which reader preferences are heterogeneous. When reader preferences are homogeneous, newspapers are more likely to engage in cost-cutting. Both responses are more pronounced for newspaper firms whose sister firms have already experienced Craigslist’s entry. We also find that failure to design the right response harms competitive viability. These findings offer important implications for many platform firms operating in today’s digital economy.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2017.0027 .
LA FORMACIÓN DE DIRECTORES ESCOLARES EN CATALUÑA. LECCIONES APRENDIDAS A CINCO AÑOS DEL DECRETO DE DIRECCIÓN
Authors: Silva García Patricia , Del Arco Bravo Isabel , Flores Alarcia Òscar
Published: April 2017

INTRODUCCIÓN. Las personas que ejercen o que desean ejercer la función directiva necesitan de una formación específica para llevarla a cabo. Es una actividad que requiere de un conjunto conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que no se adquieren solo a través de la experiencia, sino que se necesitan procesos de formación y actualización especializados. La función directiva demanda cada vez más el desarrollo de competencias profesionales que respondan a los retos de la sociedad actual. Se valora que un directivo conozca y abarque mucho más sobre la organización y gestión de los centros escolares, pero también sobre la resolución de conflictos, la gestión de los recursos humanos o la gestión emocional. MÉTODO. Este artículo presenta los principales aprendizajes y experiencias derivados de un estudio evaluativo de los programas de formación de directivos escolares desarrolladas en Catalunya considerando el Decreto de Dirección 155/2010. RESULTADOS. De entre los resultados, identificamos la importancia de definir programas de formación que respondan a las funciones y responsabilidades de los directivos. Deben estar orientados hacia la mejora de las prácticas profesionales guiadas por unos determinados valores, de manera especialmente relevante: respeto, justicia y equidad. Las modalidades y estrategias formativas impulsadas por universidades e instituciones han permitido dar respuesta coherente a las tendencias actuales que promueve la política educativa. DISCUSIÓN. Coincidimos con Fullan (2015) cuando señala que el directivo ha de desarrollar habilidades para liderar el cambio y que se ha de comprometer en obtener resultados sostenibles en el tiempo. Con Cabero (2006) convergemos en que el uso de dispositivos telemáticos, recursos e instrumentos relacionados con el aprendizaje basado en e-learning y b-learning son, hoy en día, herramientas fundamentales en la formación.
Time to Push: Use of Gestational Age in the Electronic Health Record to Support
Delivery of Relevant Prenatal Education Content
Authors: Arcia Adriana
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Clinicians must provide anticipatory guidance pregnant clients would
find useful but might not seek out independently. Client-facing health information
resources should a) satisfy clients’ health self-management queries, and b) provide
anticipatory guidance at developmentally appropriate times. Care Guide (by our
technology partner, Maternity Neighborhood™) is an online maternity education platform
positioned to meet pregnant clients’ information needs through high-quality, curated
content paired with secure provider/client messaging. The research version of Care Guide
is called Maternity Information Access Point (MIAP). Little is known about how clients
perceive or engage with maternity education delivered via patient portal or personal
health record.Methods: This qualitative study employed focus groups and four week
field-testing periods with English- and Spanish-speaking pregnant women enrolled in
Medicaid. User satisfaction and system usability were evaluated through self-report
instruments.Results: Twelve of the 16 participants logged usage of MIAP, with amount of
usage varying widely. Satisfaction (4.3/5) and usability (4.7/5) were rated highly.
Weekly content push emails were a popular feature; participants agreed the content was
relevant, timely, and useful. Forgetting passwords and lack of experience with
technology were barriers to use.Discussion and Conclusion: Gestational age captured in
the electronic health record can support automated pushing of content containing highly
relevant anticipatory guidance. Platform features that guide the user through content
can be leveraged to promote continued user engagement. Users’ desire for easy access to
content must be balanced against the need to safeguard protected health information.
Digital newcomers may require in-person technical support.
Thrombin-Mediated Degradation of Human Cardiac Troponin T
Authors: Katrukha Ivan A , Kogan Alexander E , Vylegzhanina Alexandra V , Serebryakova Marina V , Koshkina Ekaterina V , Bereznikova Anastasia V , Katrukha Alexey G
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND

Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is an acknowledged biomarker of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that is known to be prone to proteolytic degradation in serum. Such degradation is usually explained by the action of μ-calpain, although there could be other candidates for that role. In the current study, we explored the hypothesis that thrombin-mediated cTnT cleavage occurs as a result of the serum sample preparation.

METHODS

cTnT degradation was studied by using immunoblotting and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.

RESULTS

The comparison of cTnT isolated from AMI heparin plasma and serum samples showed that cTnT in the plasma samples was mainly present as the full-sized molecule (approximately 35 kDa), while in serum samples it was present as a 29-kDa fragment. The incubation of recombinant cTnT, or native ternary cardiac troponin complex with thrombin or in normal human serum (NHS), resulted in the formation of a 29-kDa product that was similar to that detected in AMI serum samples. No cTnT degradation was observed when thrombin or NHS was pretreated with hirudin, a specific inhibitor of thrombin, or during incubation of troponin in normal heparin plasma. When the products of thrombin-mediated cTnT proteolysis were analyzed by MS, 2 fragments consisting of amino acid residues (aar) 2–68 and 69–288 were identified, which suggests that thrombin cleaves cTnT between R68 and S69.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that the 29-kDa fragment of cTnT in AMI serum samples mainly appears due to the cleavage by thrombin during serum sample preparation.
Grotowski and the Indian tradition
Authors: Byrski Maria Krzysztof
Published: April 2017

The question of Grotowski’s Indian affiliations in his theatrical experiments is long discussed. In the article presented, an attempt is made to tackle this problem. What absorbs Grotowski into the Indian tradition is a question that remains still fascinating in many ways. My conclusion is that it was first of all Grotowski’s fascination with the Indian spirituality as personified by Ramana Maharishi of Arunachala that made him especially sensitive to what the Indian culture could offer and not so much his acquaintance with the Indian theatre tradition, which was rather fragmentary and occidental. While travelling in India, he was more interested in the religiously motivated performances of the Bauls of Bengal than in regular theatre, either classical or modern.
Performance, revelation and resistance: Interweaving the artistic and the therapeutic in devised theatre
Authors: Gopalakrishna Maitri , Rao Shabari
Published: April 2017

This article describes the process that led to the creation of Positively Shameless, a devised theatre performance that explores emotional and physical residues of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in five adult women in Bangalore, India. The article touches upon the interplay between the therapeutic and artistic perspectives of theatre making and challenges the widely held dichotomy between applied and pure theatre. It also explains the principles that guided the process, with illustrative examples taken from the devising stage and the final piece.
Book Reviews
Authors: Madhavan Arya , Nair Sreenath
Published: April 2017

The Taste of British South Asian Theatres: Aesthetics and Production, Chandrika Patel (2015)

Lulu Publishing Services, 252 pp.,

ISBN: 978-1-4834-3340-0, p/bk, £17.99

 

Stanislavsky and Yoga, Sergei Tcherkasski (2016)

Routledge, 125 pp.,

ISBN: 978-1-138-95409-0, p/bk, £14.26
The Greek Crisis at the movies: Jason Bourne (2016)
Authors: Wills David
Published: April 2017

The ongoing economic crisis has afforded film-makers the opportunity for transforming Greece from paradise holiday destination to violent nightmare. Jason Bourne (2016) presents an extended dystopian vision of Athens beset by graffiti, political instability and riots. This short article sets this significant ‘dark tourism’ development in the context of recent English-language commentary about the present situation in Greece – including from travel writing and novels – and the previous representation of Greece in foreign movies.
Beware of Greeks bearing gifts: Metaphors as viruses in discourses on the Greek crisis
Authors: Gumpert Matthew
Published: April 2017

During negotiations in February 2015 over the Greek debt crisis, a German official was widely quoted referring to the latest Greek offer as a ‘Trojan horse’ designed to sabotage the latest bailout package. The recent economic debacle and the threat of a ‘Grexit’ from the eurozone produced a veritable outbreak of tropes in the classical style: Greece is Europe’s ‘Achilles heel’, its collapse a ‘modern Greek tragedy’, its prospects for recovery ‘Sisyphean’, etc. What are the effects of these classicizing clichés – all of which function, in effect, as Trojan horses – on the debate over European unity and identity, past, present and future? A closer examination of these hellenotropes suggests that they constitute important weapons or antidotes for conceptualizing and, by the same token, quarantining Greece as a form of economic, political and cultural ruin metastasizing within the European body politic. But the effort to ward off the virus of the Greek ruin only helps transmit it. What finally underlies Europe’s resentment of Greece is the anxiety produced by the metaphorical itself: the fear that Greece is either not enough or too much like Europe.
Foreign correspondents in Cyprus: Universal roles and contextualized practices
Authors: Doudaki Vaia
Published: April 2017

This study on foreign correspondence in Cyprus explores the profiles and professional values of the correspondents working on the island, taking into consideration the interplay of forces operative at the level of the foreign correspondents’ professional culture, the international media environment and the specific context of the country the correspondents report from and for. The study shows that the foreign correspondents working in Cyprus largely align with their colleagues in other countries, as it concerns the self-perception of their main professional roles, values and selection criteria. At the same time, these roles, values and tasks take on certain special traits, accommodated both in the specificities of the foreign correspondent’s job and the Cypriot environment. This contextualized examination points to the complexity not only of studying but also of defining foreign correspondence in ever-changing environments and sheds some light on the ways in which news is built as a product of its time and its professional, cultural and social milieu.
Otra modernidad, otra geografía: una interpretación crítica de las influencias y orientaciones geográficas de José Carlos Mariátegui
Authors: Quiroz Rojas Rodolfo
Published: April 2017

Este artículo explica y defiende una interpretación crítica del origen epistemológico de las principales operaciones geográficas que elaboró José Carlos Mariátegui (1894-1930), reconociendo su contexto histórico particular y las condiciones de la geografía de la época. Más allá de las escasas referencias que abordan perspectivas geográficas dentro del pensamiento de Mariátegui (Ruiz, 2003; Méndez, 2016; Sanjinés, 2009), se enfatiza situar este objeto a partir de la disputa por la modernidad y el proyecto político-intelectual que encarnó el pensador peruano. Lejos del inventario de regiones naturales o históricas, legitimadas en el positivismo y el nacionalismo republicano, Mariátegui recreó a la geografía a partir de las prácticas sociales e históricas de la realidad peruana. Es decir, sus fuentes y direcciones geográficas son sacudidas y transformadas a partir de un proceso categorial más amplio que se vincula a su propia trayectoria política y analítica: el rechazo tajante al positivismo como única forma válida de conocimiento y la construcción de un socialismo antiimperialista que se organiza en la propia realidad peruana. Implícitamente, así, Mariátegui proyectó una modernidad alternativa que significó reincorporar el problema de la subjetividad a la comprensión de la realidad geográfica y abrir una geografía en diálogo con un proyecto político socialista fundamentado en las diferencias geográficas o provinciales (Flores Galindo, 1980). Esto implicó, entre otras cosas, que el espacio y el tiempo en Mariátegui son siempre posibilidades abiertas a la política y a la imaginación (Germaná, 1994). He aquí una fuente significativa de sus influencias geográficas.
Número completo/Full issue
Authors: . .
Published: April 2017

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A qualidade da educação na rede pública municipal de educação de Uberlândia/MG: análise das concepções, atitudes e ações dos/as gestores/as das unidades escolares /The quality of education in municipal public education network of Uberlândia/MG: analysis of conceptions, attitudes and actions of managers/the school units
Authors: Nunes Silma do Carmo , Novais Gercina Santana
Published: April 2017

Abordamos, neste texto, o modo como os/as gestores/as da rede pública municipal de Uberlândia/MG entendem a qualidade da educação nas unidades escolares e no contexto da escola pública que dirigem. Esta abordagem se deu a partir da investigação realizada com os/as gestores/as escolares, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa. O eixo da pesquisa foi a qualidade da educação, fundada nas concepções, atitudes e ações desenvolvidas pelos/as gestores/as escolares no contexto das escolas de educação infantil e do ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal de ensino de Uberlândia/MG, no ano de 2013. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Qualidade da Educação. Gestão Educacional. Políticas Públicas.
A educação infantil nos países da américa latina: um estudo sobre a obrigatoriedade do ensino para além do Brasil /Childhood education in latin american countries: a study about the education obligation beyond Brazil
Authors: Sene Fernanda Teodoro Mérida , Lira Aliandra Cristina Mesomo
Published: April 2017

A Lei Federal 12.796 (BRASIL, 2013a) insere a obrigatoriedade escolar para as crianças a partir dos 4 anos de idade e, como medida recente, embora já debatida há algum tempo no contexto educacional brasileiro, torna-se importante reconhecer se esse movimento acompanha o que acontece em outros países da América Latina. Diante disso, o objetivo foi problematizar a obrigatoriedade da educação infantil na América Latina, identificar intencionalidades, justificativas e desdobramentos da extensão da matrícula obrigatória para as crianças, com foco especial em dois países: Argentina e Uruguai. Trata-se de pesquisa de cunho teórico, contemplando estudo teórico de literatura que discute a obrigatoriedade da educação infantil em alguns países da América Latina. De modo geral a educação infantil não figura como etapa importante do desenvolvimento infantil e da formação humana, reservando-se para os 2 anos (em grande parte dos países) anteriores ao ensino fundamental os investimentos em vagas e atendimentos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação infantil. América Latina. Obrigatoriedade do ensino. Argentina. Uruguai.