bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT ON STUDENT SCIENCE PERFORMANCE AND ATTITUDES: THE CASE OF ESTONIA
Authors: Henno Imbi , Reiska Priit
Published: February 2022

This study analysed how to explain the statistically significant differences between the science mean scores and attitudes of students in different language instruction schools. Estonian schools were grouped according to their socioeconomic intake relative to the national average into three categories: advantaged, disadvantaged and mixed schools. The analysis of the socioeconomic composition of different language instruction schools showed that the Estonian and Russian language instruction schools are mostly mixed schools. The results did not support the assertion that weaker performance is connected with disadvantaged background of students or schools either. Although students in Russian language instruction schools reported higher levels of motivation, more innovative classroom activities and they were more informed about science-related careers, the students in Estonian language instruction schools outperformed the Russian-speaking students in science. The results support an opinion that the students’ performance and engagement differences are rather connected with classroom level instructional approaches and learning culture.
Key words: PISA, socioeconomic background of students and schools, students’ science performance and attitudes, teaching practices.
EXPLORATORY TALK IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING AND COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Löfgren Ragnhild , Schoultz Jan , Hultman Glenn , Björklund Lars
Published: February 2022

Recent research on science education has increasingly focused on the role of exploratory talk for learning science in school. This study was conducted in third grade in the Swedish compulsory school and shows how difficult exploratory talk in science is to achieve. The recordings of each lesson focused mainly on the teacher but included the pupils as the teacher interacted with them. The empirical material was analysed from two different perspectives: ways of communicating the science content and communicative approach. The analysis of the classroom practice showed that scien¬tific descriptions were dominating ways of communication. Only in a few cases explanations of scien¬tific phenomena were in focus. Those situations caused turning points into more interac-tive/dialogic communications or exploratory talk. One main conclusion is that exploratory talk and scientific explanations are not easily achieved when working in primary school. These skills are not automatically attained by the use of inquiry-based material – it needs to be trained! Key words: exploratory talk, inquiry, primary school, science.
PARENTS’ VIEWS REGARDING HOMEWORKS GIVEN IN SCIENCE COURSES
Authors: Deveci Isa , Önder Ismail , Çepni Salih
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to explore parents’ opinions about homework assignments given in science and technology courses. The sample of the study was composed of 764 parents who reside in the city of Osmaniye in Turkey. The data were collected by a “Parent Homework Scale” developed by the researcher. The instrument includes three subscales; function, attitude and behavior. U-Test and H-Test were employed to identify any difference among variables. The findings showed that there was no significant difference in parents’ scores on attitude and behavior subscales of the instrument regarding gender, educational background, occupation, and average monthly income. When function subscales scores were investigated according to gender educational background, occupation, average monthly income, it was observed that civil servants in occupational category had lower function scores than self-employed, farmer, worker, artisan, and retired. It was found that university graduates in level of education category had lower function scores than primary school graduates, secondary school graduates, and high school graduates. It was also found that high income in the monthly income group had lower function scores than other members in each related group.
Key words: homework, parents’ opinions, science education.
Solución informática para el sector hotelero
Authors: López Bouza Jansel A. , Ponce Alderete Yordany , Sánchez Fernández Alejandro , Velastegui López Efraín
Published: February 2022

El Turismo en Cuba ha representado durante muchos años un fuerte contribuyente económico al estado, reconociendo a esta área como fuente excepcional de ingreso, sobre todo para países en desarrollo, por tal motivo se hace imprescindible elevar la calidad del servicio en sus diferentes instituciones. Al ser las hoteleras una de las principales entidades turísticas se decidió hacer un software diseñado para las mismas. En vista a la situación económica por la que atraviesa el país y a la pandemia de la COVID-19 (pero no limitándose al tiempo de estadía de esta), se comenzó el desarrollo de una solución informática. Así fue como nació la idea de realizar una aplicación que gestione los servicios en el sector del turismo y permita mantener hasta cierto punto el distanciamiento entre los clientes y los trabajadores en un hotel; si, fue realizada desde un primer momento con vistas al trabajo realizado en hoteles, para mejorar y facilitar a su vez, el trabajo de este y la estancia del cliente, elevando la calidad y eficiencia de los servicios. El objetivo en sí del trabajo se enfoca en exponer las fases por las que ha transcurrido dicha aplicación y brindar una herramienta informática asequible, con la que solucionar dos problemas fundamentales que se están viviendo en el país hoy en día, y, aportar como estudiantes una ayuda en nuestro campo, que es la informática, a mejorar como país.
Ciberseguridad influencia en el turismo cubano
Authors: Córdova Godoy Brena Esther , Barrera Montané Jeyla Camila , Nuñez Torres Edgar , Velastegui Lopez Luis Efrain
Published: February 2022

A lo largo de la historia, Cuba ha sido víctima constantemente de todo tipo de atentados en contra de la seguridad nacional. Entre ellos, es importante mencionar los ciberataques, los cuales han puesto en riesgo a innumerables entidades cubanas. Uno de los sectores más vulnerables en cuestión de ciberseguridad es el sector del turismo, esto es debido a que, dentro del mismo, la conectividad y los datos personales o confidenciales juegan un papel crucial en procesos como: reservas, compras, alojamientos, recopilación de información de clientes, etc. Por todo lo anterior, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el estudio de técnicas que permitan elevar los niveles de ciberseguridad en el sector turístico cubano a través del método de investigación lógico-deductivo. Como resultados se relacionan una serie de prácticas que contribuirán a que Cuba tenga un sistema de acción ante las ciber amenazas, basadas en la evaluación de riesgos, que permiten mitigar los ciberataques en las empresas del sector turístico.
Análisis prospectivo del mercado chino para la etapa post COVID del sector turístico cubano
Authors: Lemes Reyes Melissa , Domínguez Cantera Claudia , Vázquez Alfonso Yasser , Velastegui Lopez Luis Efrain
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación constituye un estudio de las perspectivas del mercado chino en la etapa post Covid del sector turístico cubano y su objetivo fue construir los escenarios prospectivos posibles y probables para su comportamiento. Para ello se ejecutó un análisis respaldado en información primaria y se emplearon técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas de recogida de información tales como reuniones virtuales y encuestas a especialistas y expertos. Como parte de la investigación se empleó una metodología compuesta por herramientas y técnicas las cuales son: tormenta de ideas, el análisis DAFO (Debilidades, Amenazas, Fortalezas y Oportunidades), el análisis estructural, el análisis morfológico y un análisis probabilístico. Las principales herramientas utilizadas se apoyaron en los softwares siguientes: MICMAC (Matriz de Impactos Cruzados Multiplicación Aplicada a una Clasificación), MORPHOL (Morfológico), Smic-Prob–Expert (Sistema de Matrices de Impactos Cruzados) y el MULTIPOL (MULTI-criterio y Política). Como resultado se obtuvo un análisis del comportamiento futuro del mercado chino y se determinó los escenarios prospectivos con más probabilidad de ocurrencia o referencia; mediante los cuales directivos del MINTUR tomarán decisiones con un mínimo de incertidumbre.
Penggunaan Agens Hayati Pseudomonas fluorescens terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr,)
Authors: Wuryantoro Wuryantoro , Andayanie Wuye Ria , Dhuhava Ndaru Hadian
Published: February 2022

Abstractâ€”Soybean (Glycine max L.) is the third most important food commodity after rice and corn in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the interaction of soybean growth that has been incubated using Pseudomonas fluorescens. The research method used a randomized block design experiment consisting of five treatments, namely S1 (soybean seeds were given Pseudomonas fluorescens and not incubated), S2 (soybean seeds were given Pseudomonas flourescen and incubated for 6 hours), S3 (soybean seeds were given Pseudomonas flourescens and incubated for 12 hours), S4 (soybean seeds were given Pseudomonas flourescens and incubated for 18 hours), and S5 as a control. The test used univariate analysis and further tested with Duncan's test with a level of 5%. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the use of Pseudomonas flourescens as a soybean seed incubation material on the parameters of plant height, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight of soybean plants.Â Keywordsâ€”:Soybean; Pseudomonas fluorescens; incubation; seeds; biological agents
Analisa Usahatani Padi Dengan Sistem Tanam Mesin Rice Transplanter Di Kecamatan Geneng Kabupaten Ngawi (Study Kasus Desa Dempel Kecamatan Geneng Kabupaten Ngawi)
Authors: Wardhani Ratna Mustika , Darsono Wigik
Published: February 2022

Abstractâ€” Rice is the staple foodstuff in Indonesia, rice consumption in Indonesia has increased every year. The obstacle found in rice production centers is the scarcity of labor, which has become a barrier to rice farming, especially the labor for planting rice seeds. The limited number of workers when planting rice seeds causes the rice planting schedule to not be synchronized. So there needs to be a change in rice farming, one of which is by means of a rice planting system using a rice planting machine, because rice planting machines do not require a lot of labor. Apart from having less labor, the use of rice planting machines also reduces costs. The method used is descriptive, namely research that leads to the disclosure of a problem or situation as it is. The method used is Î  = TR-TC (Î  = farm profits) TR = total revenue, and TC = total production costs consisting of fixed costs and variable costs. The results showed that the R / C ratio of rice farming with the machine cropping system was feasible to develop with an R / C ratio of 2.25.Â Keywordsâ€”: Farming Analysis; Rice Plants; Rice Transplanter.
Efektivitas Komunikasi Pemasaran Melalui Media Sosial untuk Menumbuhkan Kesadaran Merek Ladang Lima
Authors: Rani Dinda Satya , Winarno Sri Tjondro , Priyanto Eko
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the marketing communications that have been carried out by PT ABA through social media to raise awareness of the Ladang Lima brand. The object of this research is Ladang Lima Instagram, with the sample being Ladang Lima Instagram followers. The research method used is descryptive quantitative with the Customer Response Index (CRI). The result of this research is the marketing communication carried out by the company through social media Instagram has been effective in growing brand awareness, with a CRI value of 43.25%, this is also supported through analysis of brand awareness at the top of the mind level, the first healthy food brand mentioned by the respondent with the most answers was Ladang Lima. PT ABA lost the most consumer responses in the intention to action stage on the CRI hierarchy of 20.67%, meaning that after seeing marketing communications through Ladang Lima's Instagram, many respondents had the intention to buy Ladang Lima products, but did not actually take the purchase action.
Analisis dan Perancangan Website Desa Kare Dengan Menggunakan Content Management
Authors: Azis Muh Nur Luthfi , Yuda Yoga Prisma , Anardani Sri
Published: February 2022

Ditigitalisasi merupakan era dimana kita sebagai manusia di harapkan bisa mengikuti perkembangan teknologi yang berkembang sangatlah pesat saat ini, dimana zaman ini semua hampir semua informasi promosi atau bisnis dalam banyak bentuk menggunakan teknologi yang ada dengan menggunakan jaringan Internet, hampir semuanya dengan internet menjadikan pekerjaan menjadi mudah menyampaikan informasi mulai dari berita terbaru maupun informasi-informasi yang paling lama sekalipun bisa di akses setiap waktunya karena semua di simpan di dalam database sebuah Website.Desa Kare merupakan desa yang terletak jauh dari perkotaan di daerah madiun, Jawa timur dimana untuk menjangkau desa tersebut membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama akan tetapi desa tersebut mempunya banyak keunggulan diantaranya adalah potensi wisata yang belum digali dan di kembangkan karena minimnya media promosi.Dari hal tersebut penulis ingin melakukan penelitian mengenai sebuah perancangan Website yang memperkenalkan desa dan memperkenalkan Potensi Wisata di daerah tersebut yang nantinya diharapkan bisa mendongkrak pendapatan Desa tersebut
Membangun Sistem Informasi Apotek sebagai Media Pelayanan di Masa Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 19 (Covid-19)
Authors: Manganti Aprilia
Published: February 2022

Currently, technology is developing rapidly in various aspects that are well integrated, such as the Sendang Farma Pharmacy. The system used is still considered too complicated so that the admin is less painstaking in data entry and website usage. This results in the number of goods in the system and actual stocks that do not match so that consumers are disappointed because the drug supply is not available. The scope of the problem currently observed is how to design information systems at pharmacies that aim to facilitate data processing in information so that it is effective and efficient according to user desires. The design of this system is also useful for improving customer service during the Covid-19 pandemic so that it can increase customer satisfaction. The method used in this research is the SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) method with the waterfall model. The website of the Sendang Farma Pharmacy is designed using a programming language, MySQL as a database and PHP. The result of this system is a pharmacy information system that will get information and drug inventory at the Sendang Farma Pharmacy.
Pengaruh Variasi Tekanan Terhadap Kerapatan, Kadar Air Dan Laju Pembakaran Pada Biobriket Limbah Kayu Mahoni
Authors: Rinanda Aditiya Darma , Nuriana Wahidin , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: February 2022

Abstractâ€” The use of biomass from mahogany wood waste briquettes as a substitute fuel for oil and gas requires briquette technology. Mahogany wood briquette is able to convert into fuel with a fairly good conversion efficiency, high density and ease of storage and distribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pressure variations on the density, moisture content and rate of burning of mahogany wood waste briquettes. The process of making charcoal biobriquettes begins with the carbonization process with a temperature of 400 ÌŠC, then smoothed and sieved with a size of 80 mesh - 100 to get the same size, and using tapioca adhesive 30% of the weight of the mixture. The mixture is put into a molding machine and then printed with a pressure of 80 kg/cm2, 115 kg/cm2, 150 kg/cm2, and 185 kg/cm2. Charcoal biobriquettes are dried in an oven at 105 ÌŠC for 1 hour. In this research, the mass density and moisture content of the mahogany wood waste met the Indonesian biobriquette standards, the results of this study obtained the higher density of 0,55 g/cm3at a pressure of 150 kg/cm2. The results lowest water content of 47,2% at a pressure of 185 kg/cm2. The lowest combustion rate is 0,257 g/min at a pressure of 185 kg/cm2.Â Keywordsâ€”: mahoni wood waste; pressure; moisture content; combustion rate.
Pengaruh Komposisi Serat Wlingi (Mansaiang) Terhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: February 2022

Abstractâ€” The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the composition of the material using the wlingi fiber fraction with polyester resin on tensile strength. The materials used in this study were Wlingi fiber and BQTN polyester resin. Making was done by hand lay up process. After reaching the desired holding time, the mold is put into the oven and processed and the specimen is removed from the mold. After obtaining four specimens of wlingi fiber variations, the tensile strength testing process was carried out according to ASTM 638. The results of this test indicate that the composition of the material with a wlingi fiber weight fraction of 40% Tensile strength of 118.76 MPa, a strain of 1.32 mm / mm, and a modulus of elasticity of 12355 MPa.Â Keywordsâ€”: tensile strength; wlingi fiber; BQTN resin.
Impelementasi Customer Relationship Management pada Sistem Informasi Pemasaran Toko Wibowo Motor
Authors: Yulianingsih Ervyna , Mumtahana Hani Atun , Pamungkas Ridho
Published: February 2022

Wibowo Motor Shop is a trading unit engaged in the automotive sector, namely the sale of motorcycle spare parts and motorcycle accessories. The Wibowo Motor store in doing its marketing has not utilized information technology in order to increase customers. Toko Wibowo Motor wants to maintain good relations with customers by implementing a website-based Customer Relationship Management method. Customer Relationship Management is a strategy that is combined with the use of information technology in the form of software and computer hardware to assist companies in managing customer relationships. This marketing information system was built using the waterfall method. The result of the implementation of the marketing information system is that it can manage customer data, product data, promotions, product sales.
Evaluasi Kekuatan Struktur Atas Pada Gedung Gas Negara Fakultas Teknik Unmer Madiun Akibat Kemiringan Bangunan
Authors: Muzakky Wildan , Aji Seno , Wibowo Rendi Gusta
Published: February 2022

In a building, the beams and roof frame rest on the upright standing columns of each column is a very important technical factor before the blocks and roof frame are installed. Although a column does not stand vertically, it is a serious problem that will occur in terms of construction, it should be avoided. If the angle value of deviation in the column is outside tolerance, causing difficulties in the installation of construction. The peak of the column that has shifted from its position resulted in a tilted roof frame. This measurement uses an upfront cutting method. While on the upfront cropping method use the center of the column as the target point. Thus this research has proven that the method of cutting the surface is not only more flexible, but also more useful to control the firmness of the column on building construction work. Evaluation of the strength of the upper structure of the building at the time of tilting that can be seen from the repetition of.
Optimasi Web Profil dan Sistem Informasi Terintegrasi Sebagai Media Promosi Wisata Waduk Pondok Ngawi
Authors: Pamungkas Nanda dwi , Pamungkas Ridho , Saifulloh
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of designing and creating a web profile and integrated tourism information system that can present and provide tourist information in the Pondok Reservoir, Ngawi Regency. The background of this research was appointed based on the need for an information system that can provide comprehensive information quickly and accurately. There is still a lack of information that can be consumed by the wider community in relation to information on tourist attractions, especially Pondok Reservoir, so it is necessary to create an effective alternative means in informing the Pondok Reservoir tourism so that it is increasingly known by the wider community. And with this web profile and information system, it can also help the local government of the Department of Tourism and Culture in managing tourism and cultural information in the Ngawi Regency area. This study uses the waterfall system development method and the system testing method using the Black box testing method which focuses on the website function keys.
Pengaruh Panjang Serat Kering Daun Nanas Terhadap Kuat Tekan Dan Kuat Tarik Belah Beton Usia Dini Menggunakan Bahan Tambah Abu Terbang Limbah Batu Bara ( Fly Ash )
Authors: Trinugroho Suhendro
Published: February 2022

Beton memiliki karakteristik yang mudah dibentuk, tahan terhadap temperatur tinggi, lebih ekonomis, serta memiliki kuat tekan tinggi, disisi lain beton juga memiliki kuat tarik yang lemah. Penggunaan serat diharapkan menjadi salah satu upaya mengurangi kelemahan beton tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan serat kering daun nanasÂ  dan bahan tambah limbah batu bara ( Fly Ash ) sebagai penggati semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan bagaimana pengaruh penambahan serat kering daun nanas terhadap kuat tekan maupun kuat tarik belah beton.Metode pencampuran beton menggunkan Packing Density pada beton usia dini. Perancangan dengan cetakan silinder 150 mm x 300 mm. Jumlah sampel pada setiap variasi panjang serat dan pengujian yang dilakukan sebanyak 3 sampel dan total sebanyak 120 sampel. Pengujian dilakukan pada umur beton 1 hari, 3 hari, 7 hari, 14 hari.Â  Variasi panjang serat yang digunakan 1 cm dan 1,5 cm dengan kadar penambahan 5 % dan kadar bahan tambah abu terbang ( Fly Ash ) 13,719 %Â  dari berat semen. Hasil pengujian variasi beton serat 1 cm kuat tekan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 19,71 MPa, kuat tarik belah rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 2,37 MPa. Pengujian variasi beton serat 1,5 cm kuat tekan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 20,75 MPa, kuat tarik belah rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 3,19 MPa. Sehingga pada penambahan panjang serat yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan kuat beton.
1960 DARBESİNİN EĞİTİM FAALİYETLERİNE ETKİSİ: TOPLUM VE ÜLKE İNCELEMELERİ DERSİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KARA Abdullah
Published: February 2022

Darbe kelime olarak siyasi iktidarların genel olarak askeri güç kullanılarak el değiştirmesidir. Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet kurulduktan sonra yapılan ilk darbe 27 Mayıs 1960 darbesidir. Bu darbe ülkede birçok alanda etkisini göstermiştir. Bu alanlardan biri de eğitim olmuştur. Eğitim içerisinde vatandaşlık ve tarih eğitimi önemli bir yere sahiptir.
Tarih ders içerikleri ve materyallerinin yönetimde bulunan rejimler tarafından kullanılması okullar ile birlikte ortaya çıkmış bir yöntemdir. Genel olarak ifade edildiği üzere sadece ulus devletlerin ortaya çıkışıyla değil öncesine dayanan bu yöntem devletler tarafından kendilerine sadık ve iyi vatandaşlar yetiştirmek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Bu gücü elde etmek isteyen iktidarların onaylanmış bilgi ve tecrübeleri bir araya getirerek bahsi geçen hedef kitleye sundukları ders materyalleri kültür aktarımına aracılık etmesinin yanında politik bir söylem de taşımaktadırlar.

Toplum ve Ülke İncelemeleri dersiyle Türk çocuklarını, Türk devriminin manası ve tarihi önemi üzerinde düşündürmek ve onların devrim değerlerine bağlı kalmaları sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu dersin içeriğinde Tarih eğitimi de yer aldığından dolayı darbeci askerlerin etkisiyle şekillendirilmiş olduğu görülmüştür. Bu derslerde genel olarak savaşların merkeze alınıp vatandaşlara militer bir bakış açısı kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu dönemdeki tarih dersleri içinde dikkat çeken bir diğer husus ise komşu devletlerin potansiyel düşman olarak ilan edilmesi, siyaset, hükümet, sivil yönetim gibi kavramların ötekileştirilmesi, askerler ve askeri yönetimlerin ülkenin tek sahibi ve kurtarıcısı olarak gösterilmesi benimsenmiştir. Bu düşünce ile savaş ve militarizm duygusu güçlendirilmiş, demokrasi ve sivil iktidarlar ise itibarsızlaştırılmıştır. Askeri darbe yapılmış ülkelerde tarih ve vatandaşlık eğitimi dersleri toplumu tek tip vatandaşlık düşüncesine sevk etmiş, eğitimi toplumu kendi istekleri doğrultusunda bu planın parçası haline getirmiştir.
Bu çalışma ile Toplum ve Ülke İncelemeleri dersinin içerik, amaç, öğretme ve öğrenme süreçleri bağlamında darbe rejiminin toplumu şekillendirmede kullandığı argümanlar ve bunların topluma yansımalarına değinilmiştir.
Tanzimat Edebiyatında “Ben”i İfade Etme Arayışları: Muallim Naci’nin Hatıraları
Authors: ÖZTÜRK AKAY Banu
Published: February 2022

Tanzimat edebiyatıyla başlayan modernleşme sürecinde “birey” önem kazanır. Bunun bir sonucu olarak “biz”in karşısında “ben”in varlığı sorgulanmaya başlanır. Bu ise hatırat, otobiyografi, biyografi, günlük gibi otobiyografik yazım türlerinin gündeme gelmesini sağlar. Birçok Tanzimat yazarı bu doğrultuda eserler verir. Muallim Naci de çocukluk hatıralarını kaleme aldığı Ömer’in Çocukluğu ve edebi tecrübelerini aktardığı Medrese Hatıraları adlı eserleriyle bu kervanda yer alır.Hatıralarında, kendi “ben”ini ortaya koymaya çalışan Tanzimat yazarlarından biri de Muallim Naci’dir. Muallim Naci’nin hatıraları bu bağlamda önemli ipuçları içermektedir. Bununla birlikte Muallim Naci’nin eserlerini incelemek, “hatıralarında yaşamına, dönemine ve/veya çevresine ait nelerden ve kimlerden bahsediyordu? Vurgu yapmak istediği olay, kişi ve mekânlara bakışı nasıldı?” gibi sorulara cevap vermesi açısından da önem kazanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu inceleme daha sonraki dönemlerde yazılan hatıralar üzerine yapılacak çalışmalara ön ayak olmanın yanı sıra, hatırat türü üzerine yapılacak kuramsal çalışmalar için gerekli malzemenin ortaya çıkarılması konusunda faydalı olacaktır. Aynı zamanda bugüne kadar edebiyat tarihlerinde hatıratla ilgili eksik kalan bilgilerin tamamlanmasını da sağlayacaktır.
"Attending to History" in Major System Change in Healthcare in England: Specialist Cancer Surgery Service Reconfiguration
Authors: Perry Catherine , Boaden Ruth J. , Black Georgia B. , Clarke Caroline S. , Darley Sarah , Ramsay Angus I.G. , Shackley David C. , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Fulop Naomi J.
Published: February 2022

Background: The reconfiguration of specialist hospital services, with service provision concentrated in a reduced number of sites, is one example of major system change (MSC) for which there is evidence of improved patient outcomes. This paper explores the reconfiguration of specialist oesophago-gastric (OG) cancer surgery services in a large urban area of England (Greater Manchester, GM), with a focus on the role of history in this change process and how reconfiguration was achieved after previous failed attempts. Methods: This study draws on qualitative research from a mixed-methods evaluation of the reconfiguration of specialist cancer surgery services in GM. Forty-six interviews with relevant stakeholders were carried out, along with ~160 hours of observations at meetings and the acquisition of ~300 pertinent documents. Thematic analysis using deductive and inductive approaches was undertaken, guided by a framework of ‘simple rules’ for MSC. Results: Through an awareness of, and attention to, history, leaders developed a change process which took into account previous unsuccessful reconfiguration attempts, enabling them to reduce the impact of potentially challenging issues. Interviewees described attending to issues involving competition between provider sites, change leadership, engagement with stakeholders, and the need for a process of change resilient to challenge. Conclusion: Recognition of, and response to, history, using a range of perspectives, enabled this reconfiguration. Particularly important was the way in which history influenced and informed other aspects of the change process and the influence of stakeholder power. This study provides further learning about MSC and the need for a range of perspectives to enable understanding. It shows how learning from history can be used to enable successful change.
Sustaining Knowledge Translation Practices: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis
Authors: Borst Robert A.J. , Wehrens Rik , Bal Roland
Published: February 2022

Background: The health policy and systems research literature increasingly observes that knowledge translation (KT) practices are difficult to sustain. An important issue is that it remains unclear what sustainability of KT practices means and how it can be improved. The aim of this study was thus to identify and explain those processes, activities, and efforts in the literature that facilitate the sustaining of KT practices in health policy-making processes. Methods: We used a critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) to review the health policy and systems research and Science and Technology Studies (STS) literature. The STS literature was included as to enrich the review with constructivist social scientific perspectives on sustainability and KT. The CIS methodology allowed for creating new theory by critically combining both literatures. We searched the literature by using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and qualitative sampling. Searches were guided by pre-set eligibility criteria and all entries were iteratively analysed using thematic synthesis. Results: Eighty documents were included. Our synthesis suggests a shift from sustainability as an end-goal towards sustaining as actors’ relatively mundane work aimed at making and keeping KT practices productive. This ‘sustaining work’ is an interplay of three processes: (i) translating, (ii) contexting, and (iii) institutionalising. Translating refers to activities aimed at constructing and extending networks. Contexting emphasises the activities needed to create contexts that support KT practices. Institutionalising addresses how actors create, maintain, and disrupt institutions with the aim of sustaining KT practices. Conclusion: The ‘sustaining work’ perspective of our CIS emphasises KT actors’ ongoing work directed at sustaining KT practices. We suggest that this perspective can guide empirical study of sustaining work and that these empirical insights, combined with this CIS, can inform training programmes for KT actors, and thereby improve the sustainability of KT practices.
Tip of the Iceberg? Country- and Company-Level Analysis of Drug Company Payments for Research and Development in Europe
Authors: Ozieranski Piotr , Martinon Luc , Jachiet Pierre-Alain , Mulinari Shai
Published: February 2022

Background: Creating new therapies often involves drug companies paying healthcare professionals and institutions for research and development (R&D) activities, including clinical trials. However, industry sponsorship can create conflicts of interest (COIs). We analysed approaches to drug company R&D payment disclosure in European countries and the distribution of R&D payments at the country and company level. Methods: Using documentary sources and a stakeholder survey we identified country- regulatory approaches to R&D payment disclosure. We reviewed company-level descriptions of disclosure practices in the United Kingdom, a country with a major role in Europe’s R&D. We obtained country-level R&D payment data from industry trade groups and public authorities and company-level data from eurosfordocs.eu, a publicly available payments database. We conducted content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. Results: In 32 of 37 studied countries, all R&D payments were reported without named recipients, following a self-regulatory approach developed by the industry. The methodological descriptions from 125 companies operating in the United Kingdom suggest that within the self-regulatory approach companies had much leeway in deciding what activities and payments were considered as R&D. In five countries, legislation mandated the disclosure of R&D payment recipients, but only in two were payments practically identifiable and analysable. In 17 countries with available data, R&D constituted 19%-82% of all payments reported, with self-regulation associated with higher shares. Available company-level data from three countries with self-regulation suggests that R&D payments were concentrated by big funders, and some companies reported all, or nearly all, payments as R&D. Conclusion: The lack of full disclosure of R&D payments in countries with industry self-regulation leaves considerable sums of money unaccounted for and potentially many COIs undetected. Disclosure mandated by legislation exists in few countries and rarely enhances transparency practically. We recommend a unified European approach to R&D payment disclosure, including clear definitions and a centralised database.
In Need of Renewal Rather Than Reconciliation: Why We Cannot Be Satisfied With Hospital Management’s Status Quo Comment on "Dual Agency in Hospitals: What Strategies Do Managers and Physicians Apply to Reconcile Dilemmas Between Clinical and Economic Considerations?"
Authors: Ewert Benjamin
Published: February 2022

Activity-based payment systems enforce Israeli and German hospital professionals to continuously balance clinical and economic considerations. As argued this status quo is unsatisfactory due to two reasons. First, professional hybridity in hospital management is restricted to the physician versus manager dichotomy rather than a multifaceted-identity framework. Second, by depending mostly on serendipity rather than hospital professionals’ organizational leeway applied reconciliation strategies seem extremely temporarily and brittle. As concluded, alternative models of hospital funding and organization such as global budgets are urgently needed. In addition, hospital professionals have to be empowered to make effectively us from their hybrid identities.
If It Is Complex, Let It Be Complex – Dealing With Institutional Complexity in Hospitals Comment on "Dual Agency in Hospitals: What Strategies Do Managers and Physicians Apply to Reconcile Dilemmas Between Clinical and Economic Considerations?"
Authors: Andersson Thomas
Published: February 2022

Waitzberg and colleagues identified strategies that managers and physicians in hospitals apply to reconcile dilemmas between clinical and economic considerations. Contributions that actually acknowledge the institutional complexity of hospitals and describe how to deal with it are rare. This comment explains the reason behind the institutional complexity in healthcare organizations and argues that institutional complexity is a good foundation for a well-functioning and sustainable healthcare, as long as we are able to deal with this complexity. This point underscores the importance of their contribution. However, even if the identified strategies on how to reconcile and balance different, competing demands are important, they are not easy to apply in practice. First, the strategies require frequent and high-quality interaction between different actors adhering to different institutional logics. Second, even when the strategies are applied successfully, it is difficult to make them sustainable since they rest on a fragile balance between competing logics. However, these are important avenues for future research for researchers who want to follow the route of Waitzberg and colleagues.
Evidence-Informed Policy-Making: Are We Doing Enough? Comment on "Examining and Contextualizing Approaches to Establish Policy Support Organizations – A Mixed Method Study"
Authors: Ellen Moriah E. , Ben-Sheleg Eliana
Published: February 2022

In their study of manifestations of policy support organizations (PSOs), Al Sabahi et al found that PSOs are united in their goal to support evidence-informed policy-making (EIPM), albeit with differing approaches. Their article is an important contribution to the body of research on evidence utilization and implementation. The unprecedented evidence climate presented by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a unique window to motivate EIPM implementation. Research such as Al Sabahi and colleagues must prompt a dialogue regarding how best to address some of the current shortcomings in the field of EIPM. Monitoring and evaluation of best practices in EIPM is scarce. EIPM uptake is unsatisfactory, and the scientific community needs to ask itself why that is and what can be done. And, we should strive to develop a gradient that discerns between the convenient and the essential so countries can evaluate and pursue the policies to best address their greatest pain points through evidence.
Rituals in Sangam Ethnic Group Life
Authors: S Gurugnanambiga
Published: February 2022

The ancient man conducted his life as an animal with animals. Individual life, which was eager to compete and win with animals in the archetypal social situation, the ancient man suffered with huge losses. Wanting to make up for that loss, the ancient man headed to live together as a group to save them from their destruction. Anthropologists call this structured way of life as the ethnic community system. The human race which functioned as a group, unable to meet its needs on an individual level. The rituals of this group, which was considered to be group community, can be traced back by the literary genres that express contemporary society.
The Liminality in Silapathikaram
Authors: M Sumathi
Published: February 2022

‘The spirit of ancient culture is boon to the present life’. The world consists of the five great powers (pancha boothangal) land, air, fire, water and universe. The different religious worshipping present in Hindu culture. Production, protection, destroying, blessings predict through liminality. The essay reveals the views of liminality present in silapathikaram how related with present people’s principles. Humans who workshipped the nature, they workshipped the deities in the two forms, the minor deity and the super deity. To proclaim the God’s blessing, they designed a god’s statue, Idols and they celebrated a function to worship a god. In order to cover up the crimes committed by those who lived and died with them, the peace workship became as the deity worship. By praying soul, they hopped that the souls liminality will save and protect the people, so that they started workship a dead soul. All forums showed in silapathikaram had been seen as liminality. They had a fear and opinion that the God will punish the people , If anybody did a mistake. Many God’s has been as liminality in silapathikaram, kannaghi has been shown as a Pathini God. She was not a goddess for a particular part of people , she is defined as a goddess for all Tamil people. After Thousands of years , apart from language, race, country till now kannaghi is believed as a goddess, because in silapthikaram, the liminality is released through kannaghi. This is the reason which makes kannaghi as a goddess.
Poorappattu Velambum Tamilar Panpadu
Authors: V Vijiyalakshmi
Published: February 2022

If there is a cultural repository of ancient Tamilians it is the Sangam period. They are becoming famous in all fields of political culture, art, trade, foreign relations etc. Although most of the Sangam literature speaksof love and braveness, it also highlights the generosity of the Tamilians and the high moral values necessary for the life of the people. Based on this, you can see the Tamil culture found in the late forties in this article.It shows brotherhood responses among the people of the world, maintaining personal virtue, happily welcome others with relationships, faith in god and pursuing careers for the betterment of whole life. It is a pity that humanism still supports the status of brotherhood in this world and their subsequent emergence as a galactic power.
The poet Thiyaru combines the aesthetics of femininity with personality
Authors: Pandian Mary Sugirtha
Published: February 2022

There is no poet who does not admire femininity. Beginning with the Lord, literary poets, jurists, and writers all praised the woman's pride as a woman of great genius. Bharathi, who has changed her name to Padithanda Pattin and is looking at Padithanda, is emerging as a newcomer. She has gone to the pinnacle of leadership, not just leadership. The poet portrays the old as the new, the new as the new, the new as the new, the new as the new, the new as the new. He points out that the creation of civilization in the world is by women. The poet Thiyaru says that love is a sacred bond between a man and a woman that are exchanged through the eyes, mixed with the senses, stimulated by the thoughts and connected by the heart. He has enriched tender love and created the character of love in poetry in a way that amazes everyone. He points out that the bar is pervasive in the eyes of the woman. His poems are a testament to the fact that the eye can have strange effects. He feeds on the dead and speaks of the sanctity of resurrected motherhood. In her death she reveals the distractions of the son who received the love of motherhood. The poet Thearu mixes the expressive aesthetics of femininity with poetry.
Lifestyles of Mullaikali people
Authors: A Murugalakshmi
Published: February 2022

Mullai people are the first to say that the pastor, the hunter, and the car and the evening define the time of the umbilical cord as the umbilical cord is located in the first place. Cholan Nalluruthiran has sung seventeen songs under the title Mullaikkali to add more specialty to the Mullaitivu department which has become so special. There Based on the interiors of pastoral residents who formed and lived their lives. This article describes the leader's wedding in Mullaikali, which is located in Ehl, and the climbing event that can be observed for it. The people of Mullai followed many customs in their lives. It may be noted that even today, the marriage practice of a few ethnic groups follows such customs.
THE USE OF THE FUNGUS Metarhizium rileyi F. IN THE CONTROL OF Crocidolomia pavonana F. ON CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea L.)
Authors: Manguande Stella Priscilia , Ratulangi Max M. , Montong Vivi B. , Tumbelaka Selvie
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of M. rileyi F. fungus with various concentrations on the mortality of C. pavonana F. pests on cabbage plants in the laboratory and to find out how the effect of M. rileyi F. fungus on C. pavonana F. pests. This research was conducted from September to November 2020, at the BPTPH Laboratory (Center for the Protection of Food Crops and Horticulture) and the method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments namely Control (A), 109 ( B), 108 (C), 107 (D), and 106 (E) and each treatment was repeated three times. The collection of C. pavonana F. larvae was carried out on cabbage plantations in Tomohon City. The larvae used as research test materials are third instar larvae. The results of the data obtained in the study were analyzed using analysis of variance and if the treatment showed a significant effect, it would be continued with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test. The results of the study, M. rileyi F. proved effective to kill C. pavonana F. larvae from several treatments with different concentrations found the average with the highest value at treatment concentration of 109 was 54.28%. While the lower values, respectively, were found in the treatment concentrations of 108 , 107 , and 106 with values of 35.23%, 27.61%, 21.90% respectively. Keywords:   Control; Fungus; Cabbage Plant; Pest; Metarhizium rileyiAbstrakPenelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai November 2020, bertempat di Laboratorium BPTPH (Balai Perlindugan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura) dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan yakni Kontrol (A), 109 (B), 108 (C), 107 (D), dan 106 (E). dan masing-masing perlakuan diulangi sebanyak tiga kali. Pengambilan larva C. pavonana F. dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman kubis di Kota Tomohon. Larva yang digunakan sebagai bahan uji penelitian merupakan larva instar tiga. Hasil dari data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam dan apabila perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil dari penelitian, jamur M. rileyi F. terbukti efektif untuk membunuh larva C. pavonana F. dari beberapa perlakuan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda ditemukan rataan dengan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan konsentrasi 109 sebesar 54,28%. Sedangkan nilai yang lebih rendah secara berurutan terdapat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 108 , 107 , dan 106 yakni dengan nilai masing – masing sebesar 35,23%, 27,61%, 21,90%.Kata Kunci: Pengendalian; Jamur; Tanaman Kubis;  Hama; Metarhizium rileyi
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS BERDASARKAN PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS DAN PERSEDIAAN BARANG PADA PT. PASAR SWALAYAN MAJU BERSAMA
Authors: Fang Deliyani
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengendalian kualitas dan persediaan barang terhadap strategi pengembangan bisnis pada PT. Pasar Swalayan Maju Bersama. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diambel dengan menggunkan purposive dimana teknik pengambilan data dengan pertimbangan tertentu dengan metode kuisioner kepada 68 sampel dari 314 staff di PT. Pasar Swalayan Maju Bersama. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengendalian kualitas, persediaan barang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap strategi pengenbangan bisnis. Hasil koefisien determinasi penelitian ini sebesar 0,877 atau 87% sehingga variabel pengendalian kualitas dan persediaan barang dapat menjelaskn keputusan pembelian sebesar 87% dan sisanya 13% dijelaskan variabel lain seperti harga dan kualitas pelayanan.
Does Financial Competition AffectProfitability: A case study of Banks in Oman
Authors: KHAN Dr. M.A. Imran
Published: February 2022

Globally the banking sector is considered one of the most important and sensitive sectors of the economy. The banking sector makes a direct impact on an economy which can be seen reflected in the volume and quality of economic activities. On the contrary, the kind of financial services provided by commercial banks during a certain time cannot be an indicator to measure banks’ efficiency or performance. Through this study, researchers investigate the impact of financial competition on the profitability of banks operating in the Sultanate of Oman. To reach the proposed adjectives, two variables were conducted; one was an independent variable named “Financial Competition” and one was a dependent variable named “Bank Profitability”. Hence, it is necessary to analyze and know the market share of the bank to identify the extent of its ability to compete in the banking sector and then determine its efficiency in the financial market. These motivated researchers to analyze the impact of market share as an indicator of financial competition on the profitability of banks in the Sultanate. The research was conducted quantitative research using financial ratio analysis.The banking industry is a competitive environment in the financial domain, so most banks seek to be the best among their competitors.

Keywords:Financial Competition, Bank Profitability, Banks
Study of Role of Autonomic Component Imbalance in young adults with parental hypertension and in those without it.
Authors: Biswas Dr Dalia
Published: February 2022

Autonomic functions , both sympathetic and vagal/ parasympathetic, are found to be deranged in hypertensive subjects. Autonomic dysfunction has been demonstrated before hypertension is established, as well as in its early stages.
This was a case -control study involving a cross sectional examination of students/subjects / participants aged 17 – 19 years , both males and females. From a selection of those fulfilling the criteria of case group , having at least one hypertensive parent and control group whose no parent has hypertension. 30 subjects was selected by simple random sampling for each group.
In our study it was found that Parasympathetic variable (.E : I ratio) when compared between 2 groups was not significant but Sympathetic variable(HGT) when compared between 2 groups was found to be significant.
This indicates that offspring of hypertensive parents are susceptible to future development of Hypertension. Therefore they should maintain their sympathovagalbalance to reduce the incidence of estabilished hypertension and its associated complication.
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