bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of social innovation in agricultural cooperatives: a model applied to the Spanish olive oil industry
Authors:   Juan Antonio Parrilla-González, Diego Ortega-Alonso
Published: September 2021

The Social Economy plays a fundamental role in the implementation and development of social innova-tion practices, especially in the field of cooperatives. In the case of agri-food cooperatives in the olive oil producing areas of Spain, a substantial share of the business is based around the social economy, with CIRIEC reporting a cooperativization rate of 70%. As such, there are increasing opportunities for these cooperatives to adopt tools that enable the potential development of social innovation actions. In the present article, we conduct a literature review to explore the definitions of social innovation provided in the last decade. We then analyse the results relating to a proposed model of social innovation applied to the olive oil industry, involving the participation of an expert panel composed of people with a position on the board of directors or managers of olive oil cooperatives and companies in the olive oil industry. From the analysis of the data collected, we identify four dimensions of Social Innovation that are particularly relevant to the olive oil industry: the Economic Dimension, the Cultural Dimension, the Environmental Dimension, and the Technological Dimension. These dimensions give rise to a methodological model for the implementation of Social Innovation actions in the olive oil industry.
Innovation in North African Agriculture and Food
Authors:   Tarek Ben Hassen, Hamid El Bilali
Published: September 2021

Innovation plays an essential role in addressing the interlinked environmental, social, and economic challenges facing the agri-food sectors in the North Africa region. This systematic review analyses the state of research on innovation in North African agri-food sector and investigates whether sustainabil-ity is addressed in the research strand. The analysis shows an increasing interest in the research field, although many publications are authored by scholars based in institutions outside North Africa. Most of the selected documents deal with crops and the production stage of the food chain. The focus is generally on technical innovations while social, organizational, and marketing ones are overlooked. There are growing attempts to connect innovation to sustainability and sustainable development by moving towards the concept of ‘sustainable innovation’. Factors hindering agri-food innovation relate to policy, research, institutional environment, extension, and human capital. The promotion of innovation in the North Afri-can agri-food sector is crucial to unlock the sector’s potential and improve its competiveness, resilience, and sustainability.
Social Impact and Sustainability in short food supply chains: an experimental assessment tool.
Authors:   Luigi Corvo, Lavinia Pastore, Annarita Antonelli, Damiano Petruzzella
Published: September 2021

In recent years, as global food chains have expanded, a wide range of terms has been used in the academic, political, technical or social debate to illustrate innovative re-organisation of food supply chains aiming at re-connecting producers and consumers and re-localising agricultural and food production. These include short supply chains, alternative food networks, local farming systems and direct sales. This paper presents a research carried out during the SMARTCHAIN project (Horizon project within the research line “Innovative agro-food chains: unlocking the potential for competitiveness and sustainability”). The research aims at iden-tifying an assessment model for grasping the level of social innovation in Short Food Supply Chain (SFSC) taking into consideration the social and sustainability indicators. A specific tool, the Social Innovation Assess-ment Template (SIAT) was created for this purpose. The SIAT investigates five dimensions of SFSC: economic, environmental, socio-cultural, governance and influence (positive impact on other sectors & stakeholders) dimensions. The assessment has been tested in 9 European countries and 16th case studies. The findings show both managerial implications for the SFSC and policy implications for strengthening the SFSC ecosystem.
Sustainability assessment of small dairy farms from the main cattle farming systems in the North of Tunisia
Authors:   Khaoula Attia, Cyrine Darej, Naceur M’hamdi, Frédéric Zahm, Nizar Moujahed
Published: September 2021

Demand for animal products is expected to increase due to human population growth, resulting in a need for increased production. At the same time, climate change poses a major threat to the viability and sustainability of livestock production systems. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the sus-tainability of dairy cattle farms belonging to three farming systems (rainfed, irrigated, and mixed) at the northeast zone of Tunisia using the IDEA method (version 3). Collected data of 102 farms were subjected to an analysis of variance using the GLM procedure of SAS software (version 9.4). Results showed that the socio-territorial scale was the limiting factor for all systems and that the irrigated sys-tem had the lowest scores of agro-ecological and socio-territorial scales, compared to the other ones, but it recorded the highest score for the economic scale. The best agro-ecological and socio-territorial scores characterized the mixed system. However, it had the lowest score on the economic scale. Finally, the rain-fed system was exhibited medium performances of the three scales. It was concluded a differ-ence between the three farm systems, but there was no disassociation between the three sustainability dimensions; thus, improvements should proceed across all scales simultaneously.
Sustainability of Food Systems in the Mediterranean Region
Authors:   Roberto Capone, Vincenzo Fersino, Eleni Stamataki, Manuela Cerezo, Myriam Kessari, Sandro Dernini, Hamid El Bilali
Published: September 2021

Despite the recurring discourse on food systems and their sustainability in the Mediterranean region, compre-hensive studies are hard to find. Therefore, this article provides an overview on the challenges and perspectives of food systems in the Mediterranean. In particular, the paper addresses the main challenges (environmental, economic, socio-cultural and nutrition-health) facing Mediterranean food systems; analyses the multifaceted relations between sustainable food systems (SFS) and sustainable diets by exploring the example of the Medi-terranean diet; and briefly presents the relevance of the innovation for Mediterranean food systems. The paper highlights the urgency of action to move towards sustainable and resilient food systems in the Mediterranean area. This is particularly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. For that, there is a need for shared policy, governance, practice and research agenda. In this respect, the contribution of CIHEAM results fundamental. The paper concludes by highlighting the disruptive potential of the SFS-Med Platform – under co-development by CIHEAM, FAO and the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) – to foster food systems trans-formation towards sustainability and accelerate the achievement of SDGs in the region.
The Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria against the Clastogenicity and Hepatotoxicity of Sodium Arsenite in Mice
Authors: Kazeem A. Akinwumi  , Kazeem A. Akinwumi  , Osifeso O. Olabode  , Osifeso O. Olabode  , Adedoja A. Wakeel  , Adedoja A. Wakeel
Published: September 2021

Exposure to arsenic is a public health concern and many strategies are being employed to counter arsenic intoxication. Here, we investigated the effect of methanol leaf extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria (MRV) on mice exposed to sodium arsenite (SA) using micronucleus assay and monitoring the activities of γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) in the plasma. In addition, pathological examination of the liver of test and control mice was carried out. Test mice were exposed to 1300, 650 and 325 mg/kg body weight of MRV for seven consecutive days before injection (i.p.) with 1 mg/kg body weight of SA on the seventh day. Negative control mice were given distilled water, while the positive control animals were injected with 1 mg/kg body weight of SA twenty hours before the experiment was terminated on the eighth day. The SA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (mPCE) and the activities of γ-GT, ALP, AST and ALT when compared to the negative control. Mice treated with SA showed portal inflammation and hepatocyte necrosis. Pretreatment with MRV significantly (p< 0.05) reduced the biochemical parameters except ALT that was increased in animals treated with SA and 1300 mg/kg body weight MRV. Histopathological changes induced by SA were prevented by 650 and 325 mg/kg body weight MRV. This suggests that methanol extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria offers some degree of chemo-protection against SA induced clastogenicity and liver damage at lower doses
Assessment of Gene Expression Level of ATP Binding Cassette G Member 2 (ABCG2) Transporter in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Shaimaa A. Soliman  , Laila A. Rashed  , Mahmoud M. Said  , Amina M. Medhat
Published: September 2021

The efficacy of cancer chemotherapy is limited by cellular mechanisms of resistance that result in increased drug efflux of chemotherapeutic agents thereby reducing intracellular drug levels and causing drug resistance. Overexpression of some members of ATP binding cassette transporter superfamily, including ATP binding cassette G member 2 (ABCG2), which mediates energy-dependent transport of drugs out of the cells against concentration gradient, is one of the major mechanisms responsible for multidrug resistance in the treatment of breast cancer. In the current study, the expression of ABCG2 mRNA gene was evaluated in the peripheral blood of newly diagnosed breast cancer (NDBC) patients immediately before surgical resection of the breast and in extirpated breast tumors, then sequentially in the blood of patients after receiving three and six cycles of chemotherapy. Compared to normal breast, cancerous specimens expressed higher levels of ABCG2 gene expression (p<0.001). In addition, a gradual significant increase in the expression of peripheral blood ABCG2 gene of NDBC patients among different treatment periods was recorded. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between peripheral blood ABCG2 gene expression of NDBC patients receiving chemotherapy and disease progression was found. In conclusion, assessment of ABCG2 gene expression may be a prerequisite in evaluating the effectiveness of chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients.
Child Survivors in Deutschland
Authors: Grünberg Kurt , Markert Friedrich
Published: September 2021

Die Child Survivors, deren seelische Entwicklung am nachhaltigsten von der Nazi-Verfolgung geprägt und beschädigt wurde, werden oftmals noch heute nicht wahrgenommen und anerkannt. Während Tilo Held in der Zeitschrift Psyche (8/2014) über eben diese Gruppe erklärte, »die Zeit ihrer Implikation in Forschungsprojekte ist vorbei«, widmen sich die Autoren mit ihrer Forschungsarbeit den psychosozialen Spätfolgen der Verfolgung der Child Survivors und postulieren eine vierte Sequenz des traumatischen Prozesses im Alter. Anhand der Auseinandersetzung mit Child-Survivor-Tagungen im Jahr 2014 in Berlin werden Mikroprozesse des Szenischen Erinnerns der Shoah dargestellt, die sich sowohl auf die Trauma-Tradierung als auch auf zentrale Konflikte im deutsch-jüdischen Verhältnis im post-nationalsozialistischen Deutschland beziehen, wie sie sich auch im Forschungsprojekt des jüdischen Psychoanalytikers in Deutschland mit seinem nicht-jüdisch-deutschen Kollegen zugetragen haben. Das Einbrechen des Szenischen Erinnerns der Shoah in die Forschungsbeziehung wird als Manifestation einer konträren Holocaust Imagery verstanden. Einige Fallvignetten illustrieren das »Szenische Erinnern der Shoah« der Child Survivors.
Macht und Ohnmacht des Verzeihens
Authors: Kodalle Klaus-Michael
Published: September 2021

Nach einem kurzen Rückblick auf die Philosophiegeschichte legt der Autor die komplexe Struktur des Verzeihungsvorgangs frei. Das »entgegenkommende« Verzeihen der in ihrer Integrität verletzten Person hat die Kraft, aufseiten des Schädigers den Mut zur Selbstkonfrontation und zur Reue zu evozieren. Die Komplexität dieser extrem fragilen Kommunikation führt an die Grenzen der Versprachlichung. Geklärt wird auch das Verhältnis von Vergeben und Vergessen. Mit Blick auf Gemeinschaften und ihr Verhältnis zu Vergangenheit wird die strategische Instrumentalisierung von Schuld und Schuldbekenntnis herausgearbeitet. Philosophie konzentriert sich in der Regel auf Moral und Recht. Der Autor zeigt die Grenzen dieser Sichtweise auf: Verzeihung ist die Mitte der Ethik, obwohl jeder einzelne Akt des Verzeihens als unbedingt und extraordinär zu beschreiben ist. Der Mut zum Neubeginn speist sich aus der unberechenbaren Kraft des Verzeihens und der ständigen Bemühung um eine Kultur der Nachsichtigkeit.
THE THOUGHT OF ABU YA’LA CONCERNING FINANCIAL SUPERVISION (STUDY ON THE BOOK OF AL-AHKĀM AL-SULṬĀNIYYAH)
Authors: Rahmat Rahmat , Iskandar Azwar , Aqbar Khaerul
Published: September 2021

This study aims to find out the thought of Abu Ya'la concerning public finance supervision according to Islamic law in the book of al-Aḥkām al-Sulṭāniyyah. This research is qualitative descriptive research with library research method and juridical-philosophical approach. The results showed that construction of Abu Ya'la's thought on public finance supervision was included in the system of hisbah, i.e. the system of the indication and the possibility to involve two parties; (1) an independent institution created by the government to supervise the financial management of the state, whether structural in the state institutions or independent purely and non-structural; (2) other parties involved in this efforts is society, so that the entire community of people are kindly participated in the oversight efforts. In Abu Ya'la's perspective, a Hisbah institution is not a pro justicia institution that does not have the right to impose criminal or civil sanctions, but has the right to listen to public complaints about the deviation of the state's financial management and cooperate with law enforcement agencies making claims.
PERULEROS EN FILIPINAS Y EN EL ORIENTE, 1580-1610
Authors: Bonialian Mariano
Published: September 2021

El ensayo analiza la circulación de los peruleros con plata de Potosí hacia el Oriente a través de las dos rutas transpacíficas: la vía Callao-Filipinas-Cantón, y la ruta del puerto novohispano de Acapulco y proseguía con el galeón de Manila. El fenómeno se contextualiza en el período de apogeo productivo de Potosí y la expansión de la economía peruana. Se contextualiza el tema dentro de la historiografía colonial y global. Luego se explora la modalidad de la circulación transpacífica través de la asociación con los novohispanos y se analiza la avanzada perulera por el Pacífico, que alcanzó Macao y Nagasaki, comprometiendo las operaciones de los portugueses por la Carreira de Indias. La conclusión reflexiona sobre el peru-lero en tanto agente de la temprana globalización.
Teacher Video Coaching, From Design Features to Student Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: van der Linden Sara , van der Meij Jan , McKenney Susan
Published: September 2021

Video and coaching as vehicles for teachers’ professional development have both received much attention in educational research. The combination of the two, video coaching, where teachers watch and discuss videos of their own practice with a coach, seems especially promising, but there is limited insight into how the design leads to desired teacher and student outcomes through mediating enactment processes. This review systematically synthesized the occurrences and co-occurrences of video coaching design features, enactment processes, teacher outcomes, and student impacts as reported in 59 empirical studies. The literature corpus contained information on design features for all studies, but the video coaching enactment processes were described in only half of the studies. Altogether, the studies showed that video coaching can support some positive teacher outcomes, such as changes in pedagogical behavior, but evidence was not consistently reported for all types of outcomes. Few studies examined impacts on learners. Taken together, this review revealed important gaps in knowledge, which highlights the importance of paying attention to unpacking teacher learning processes.
Comparative analysis of physical methods of transport disinfection
Authors: Kopytenkova Olga I. , Sachkova Oksana S. , Levanchuk Leonid A.
Published: September 2021

Transport is an object of mass concentration of people where workers and passengers are likely to be exposed to pathogens of infectious diseases. 95% are diseases that do not respond effectively to the effects of specific prophylaxis, influenza and acute respiratory viral infections. Currently, measures to contain the infection have led to a restriction of transport activity. In such conditions, the development of effective ways to prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases transmitted by airborne droplets, not controlled by means of specific prevention, as well as the preservation of the health of transport industry workers, is particularly relevant. The aim of the study is to determine the location and type of air disinfection device in the driver's cabin of a railway vehicle and the passenger compartment of a sitting car with various breathing options (natural exhalation, cough, sneezing). To determine the location and capacity of the decontamination plant, the mathematical method of gas-dynamic calculations using solid-state three-dimensional models was used. The study was performed in the SolidWorks software package, using the FlowSimulation module to solve the system of nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations. The trajectories of air flows from human breathing in the cab of the vehicle are calculated taking into account the influence of ventilation. Research on the effectiveness of disinfection was carried out by a certified laboratory in the operating conditions of the vehicle. The results of the calculation allowed us to establish that it is advisable to place devices for physical disinfection of air in the cab of the vehicle at the level of the information panel on the left side or directly in the center. The basis for choosing the technical characteristics of the device for air disinfection should be information about the maximum speed of particles approaching the information panel, which is equal to 2.2-3 m/s. The safest method of disinfection of the air environment of vehicles is the use of closed UV radiation installations, the effectiveness of which is confirmed in the course of a full-scale experiment. It is concluded that the formation of an infection zone when an infected person is in the cab or cabin of a vehicle largely depends on the duration of his stay in the cabin, the intensity of breathing and the use of personal protective equipment. The advantage of closed UV radiation installations is the simultaneous provision of high disinfection efficiency and satisfaction of all safety requirements (chemical, environmental, fire, electrical, etc.), as well as the possibility of using the method in the presence of people. The analysis of the regulatory and technical documentation showed that UV irradiators are the only type of disinfection equipment that meets the requirements of domestic legislation in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare.
Musik Semar Pegulingan Menurunkan Kecemasan Pasien Pre Operasi di Siloam Hospitals Bali
Authors: Yuniantari Ni Putu Dian
Published: September 2021

Kecemasan pasien sebelum operasi dapat mengganggu jalannya pembedahan bahkan pasien bisa membatalkan tindakan yang akan dilakukan. Terapi musik tradisional semar pegulingan dapat dipakai sebagai alternatif menurunkan kecemasan. Studi  bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana pengaruh musik semar pegulingan terhadap kecemasan pasien pre operasi di ruang persiapan Siloam Hospitals Bali. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif, desain pre eksperimental pretest-posttest with control.  Sampelnya pasien pre operasi yang mengunakan lokal anastesi, dipilih secara  purposive sampling, berjumlah 32 orang. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol masing-masing 16 orang, dipilih secara simpel random sederhana. Data pretest dan posttest dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, sedangkan data antar kelompok menggunakan uji Mann Whitney pada Î± 0.05. Pada kelompok intervensi rerata kecemasan pre adalah 21,12 dan post 15,75 dengan p (0,001< Î± (0,05). Pada kelompok pre test 21.81 dan post test 18.50 dengan  p (0,001< Î± (0,05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney  pre test pada kelompok kontrol dan intervensi didapatkan nilai p value (0.153) > (0.05) dan setelah dilakukan intervensi didapatkan p value (0.01) < Î± (0,05). Musik semar pegulingan mampu menurunkan kecemasan pada pasien preoperatif. Diharapkan terapi musik semar pegulingan  diperdengarkan pada pasien pre operasi untuk menurunkan kecemasannya.
Kajian Permainan Tradisional Bali Untuk Membantu Pembentukan Karakter Dan Keterampilan Sosial Anak
Authors: Dian Widiastuti Ni Made , Sandra Devindriati Kusuma Putu
Published: September 2021

Permainan tradisional merupakan salah satu warisan leluhur yang banyak memiliki kontribusi dalam kehidupan. Dengan kontribusinya yang dimiliki, kenyataannya tidak sejalan dengan eksistensinya di zaman saat ini. Permainan tradisional di masyarakat perlahan mengalami kepunahan, mulai ditinggalkan dan menjadi asing di kalangan anak-anak, terutama di daerah perkotaan yang telah banyak tersentuh budaya modern. Budaya modern dengan mudah masuk dan mempengaruhi melalui media berbasis teknologi yang sedang naik daun saat ini. Asingnya permainan tradisional di mata anak-anak disebabkan oleh kegiatan belajar mengajar yang diterapkan di sekolah mulai didominasi oleh kegiatan-kegiatan berbau kekinian dan terkadang tidak sesuai dengan karakter anak. Adanya perkembangan teknologi turut menjadi faktor penyebab tergerusnya permainan tradisional. Oleh sebab itu perlu adanya penggalian kembali dan mengkaji jenis-jenis permainan tradisional yang ada khususnya di Denpasar sebagai daerah perkotaan. Hasil penggalian jenis permainan tradisional ini nantinya dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran anak khususnya di Taman Kanak-Kanak sekaligus membantu pembentukan karakter dan keterampilan sosial anak yang tingkat penanamannya terbilang rendah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling untuk memilih sampel guru TK yang akan di wawancarai. Adapun jenis-jenis permainan tradisional Bali yang tumbuh dan dipopulerkan di Denpasar yaitu permainan Tok Lait Kancing, Kul Kuk, Penyu Mataluh, Meong-Meongan Kotak, dan Deduplak. Kelima permainan tersebut tidak terimplementasi seluruhnya dalam kegiatan belajar anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Metode mengajar permainan tradisional Bali didominasi dengan demonstrasi, bermain dan bercerita karena sesuai dengan prinsip anak usia dini yang dunianya adalah bermain.
Rambling (?) about the image of scientists in meme culture
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: September 2021

I briefly and sarcastically talk about the image of scientists in meme culture, in a constructive manner (?).
RPL23AP64 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of ribosomal protein L23a pseudogene 64, encoded by RPL23AP64 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. RPL23AP64 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
PFKP expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of platelet phosphofructokinase, encoded by PFKP when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, PFKP expression was significantly correlated with recurrence-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. PFKP may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Valuation of accounts national in the system of economy of Peru, 2007-2020
Authors: Lugo Josefrank Pernalete , Rossel Ysaelen Josefina Odor
Published: September 2021

The study of the accounts of national quarterly, on the basis of historical 2007-2020, with values to prices constants of 2007 to the Republic of Peru; accurate the value in the volume of money from Exports and Imports, and the association with the Product Domestic Gross, GDP. The analysis cluster of expectation-maximization, estimated in millions of suns 123,173 to 141,029 the Product Domestic Gross, the Exports between 32,664 and 38,717 millions of soles; and for Imports between 34,274 and 38,682 millions of soles, with variance explained in average of 85.76%. The artificial neural network Kohonen of learning not monitored has been trained in such a way that each unit has learned to specialize in different regions of the space of input. In this sense, for each 20,000 million of soles of variation in the Product Domestic Gross, the exports vary in 4,000 million of soles, and the Imports at 6,000 million soles. In short, the model proposed allows to assess the ability productive in the country, both in property as of services in the period of recovery economic post Covid-19
PAX5 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of paired box 5, encoded by PAX5 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, PAX5 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. PAX5 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
CD96 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of cluster of differentiation 96, encoded by CD96 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, CD96 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. CD96 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Adoption of machine learning for medical diagnosis
Authors: Shaheen Mohammed Yousef
Published: September 2021

The healthcare industry has historically been an early adopter of technologyadvancements and has reaped significant benefits. Machine learning (an artificialintelligence subset) is being used in a variety of health-related fields, including theinvention of new medical treatments, the management of patient data and records, andthe treatment of chronic diseases. One of the most important uses of machine learningin healthcare is the detection and diagnosis of diseases and conditions that areotherwise difficult to identify. This can range from tumors that are difficult to detect intheir early stages to other hereditary illnesses. This research identifies and discussesthe various usages of machine learning in medical diagnosis.
On "Commentary: The responsibility of the Japanese media, the Fukushima accident and the use of personal data" by T. Sawano et al.
Authors: Kageura Kyo , Hamaoka Yutaka , Kurokawa Shin-ichi , Makino Jun , Oshikawa Masaki , Tanimoto Yoh
Published: September 2021

This correpondence examines issues observed in "Commentary: The responsibility of the Japanese media, the Fukushima accident and the use of personal data'' by T. Sawano et al., published in QJM. from the points of view of scientific and factual recognision of the situation and issues related to legal scheme and research ethics addressed in the Commentary.
Modeling Public Transport Users’ Trip Production in Hawassa City, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Girma , Quezon Emer Tucay
Published: September 2021

Today, overcrowded public transport demand, resulting in huge costs in an urban area. Similarly, there are a lot of people who use public transport in Hawassa city. This study aimed to develop public transport users' trip production models at the household level. Some socio-economic characteristics and trip detail of the public transport users were collected randomly from the different households through a questionnaire survey. The data gathered was fed into IBM SPSS package version 20 to develop linear regression models. The developed models are associated with trips for purpose and time intervals of trips made. The developed linear regression models, general trips, work trips, educational trips, and trips made before 8:00 AM and after 4:00 PM had good explanatory power. The value of explanatory power comprised of 0.656, 0.722, 0.549, 0.610 and 0.510. These values indicated the explanation power of the socio-economic characteristics on the trips made. It means the daily trips production was significantly affected by the number of working individuals, the different age brackets, cars and motorcycles, and the monthly income per household. The most frequent public transport users’ trips production regarding the trip purpose and time are work trips and occurred after 4:00 PM. This scenario represented a good model developed in this study. Hence, it is suggested that Hawassa city’s traffic management office use the developed models to predict the future trips demand to provide a proper scheme to avoid congestion during the peak hour of the day.
Mindfulness interventions for offsetting health risk following early life stress: Promising directions
Authors: Lindsay Emily K
Published: September 2021

Early life stress (ELS), common to childhood maltreatment, socioeconomic disadvantage, and racial discrimination, is thought to create a proinflammatory phenotype that increases risk for poor health in adulthood. Systemic change is needed to address the root causes of ELS, but a substantial number of adults are already at increased health risk by virtue of ELS exposure. Interventions that target stress pathways have the potential to interrupt the trajectory from ELS to inflammatory disease risk in adulthood. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), which train acceptance toward present-moment experience, have shown promise for reducing stress and improving a variety of stress-sensitive health outcomes. Although MBIs have primarily been conducted in more advantaged populations, evidence suggests that they may be uniquely effective for improving mental health and health-related quality of life among those with a history of ELS. Whether these effects extend to physical health remains unknown. To shed light on this question, I review evidence that MBIs influence inflammatory markers in at-risk samples, explore the promise of MBIs for improving stress-related health outcomes in diverse at-risk populations, and describe adaptations to MBIs that may increase their acceptability and efficacy in populations exposed to ELS. This prior work sets the stage for well-controlled RCTs to evaluate whether MBIs influence stress and inflammatory pathways among those exposed to ELS and for pragmatic and implementation trials focused on disseminating MBIs to reach these at-risk populations. Overall, the evidence assembled here shows the potential of MBIs for offsetting physical health risk related to ELS.
Strange face illusions: A systematic review and quality analysis
Authors: Mash Joanna , Jenkinson Paul Mark , Dean Charlotte Elizabeth , Laws Keith R.
Published: September 2021

Background: Strange face illusions describe a range of visual apparitions that occur when an observer gazes at their image reflected in a mirror or at another person’s face in a dimly lit room. The illusory effects range from mild alterations in colour, or contrast, to the perception of distorted facial features, or new strange faces. The current review critically evaluates studies investigating strange face illusions, their methodological quality, and existing interpretations. Method: Searches conducted using Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and the grey literature until June 2022 identified 21 studies (N= 1132; healthy participants n= 1042; clinical participants n=90) meeting the inclusion criteria (i.e., providing new empirical evidence relating to strange face illusions). Results are reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review was preregistered at the Open Science Framework (OSF: https://osf.io/ek48d).Results: Pooling data across studies, illusory new strange faces are experienced by 58% (95%CI 48 to 68) of nonclinical participants. Study quality as assessed by the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) revealed that 3/21 (14.28%) studies were rated as high, 9/21 (42.86%) as moderate and 9/21 (42.86%) as low quality. Whilst the items relating specifically to reporting quality scored quite highly, the detail relating to study design and possible biases is lower and more variable. Study quality accounted for 87% of the variance in new strange faces reported, with higher quality studies associated with lower rates of illusion being reported. The prevalence of illusions was also significantly greater in older samples, samples with higher proportions of female participants and for the interpersonal dyad (IGDT) compared to the mirror gaze paradigm (MGT). The moderating impact of study quality persisted in a multiple meta-regression involving participant age, paradigm type (IGDT vs MGT) and level of feature distortion. Our review suggests that the conditions required to induce strange face illusions appear to be reduced light levels, face stimuli and prolonged eye fixation.Conclusion: Strange face illusions commonly occur in both mirror-gazing and interpersonal gazing dyad paradigms. Further research of higher quality is required to establish the prevalence and particularly, the mechanisms underpinning strange face illusions.
The Effects of Career Advice on Expected Impact for Animals
Authors: Harris Jamie
Published: September 2021

There is limited research on the effects that career advice can have on individuals’ expected impact for altruistic causes, especially for helping animals. In two studies, we evaluate whether individuals who receive a one-to-one careers advice call or participate in an online course provided by Animal Advocacy Careers (a nonprofit organisation) seem to perform better on a number of indirect indicators of likely impact for animals, compared to randomly selected control groups that hadn’t received these services. The one-to-one calls group had significantly higher self-assessed expected impact for altruistic causes and undertook significantly more career-related behaviours than the control group in the six months after their initial application to the programme. There was no significant difference between the two groups’ attitudes related to effective animal advocacy or their career plan changes. In contrast, the online course group made significantly higher levels of career plan changes in the six months after their application than the control group, but there were no significant differences for the other metrics. A number of supplementary analyses were undertaken which support the main conclusion that the one-to-one calls and online course likely each caused meaningful changes on some but not all of the intended outcomes.
A Vertical Peer Mentorship Model to Promote Early Career Academic Development: Implementation and Initial Outcomes
Authors: Haynos Ann Frances , Coniglio Kathryn , Murray Helen Burton , Utzinger Linsey , Goldschmidt Andrea B.
Published: September 2021

Mentorship is critical for early career success. However, many barriers to mentorship exist, including inadequate supply of advanced mentors, inconsistent mentorship quality, and diverse mentorship needs. Additionally, few training experiences provide an opportunity to learn effective mentorship techniques. Vertical peer mentorship programs provide one solution to these pitfalls; slightly more advanced early career professionals (e.g., post-doctoral fellows) provide mentorship to more junior colleagues (e.g., graduate students), permitting mentorship and mentorship training in one dyad. Here, we detail the process of developing and refining an early career vertical peer mentorship program within a subspecialty of psychology. Initial evaluation data the first four years of the program (n=109 respondents) indicate that the program was highly acceptable (M=8.22, SD=4.25 on a 10-point scale) and productive (producing >25 manuscripts published or under review and >21 conference abstracts) during that time. This manuscript provides one model for developing a successful vertical peer mentorship program.
Dance Therapy dalam Konseling
Authors: Sarereake Eva Anita
Published: September 2021

AbstrakTari merupakan serangkaian gerakan ritmis disertai irama bertujuan mengekspresikan perasaan, dapat dilakukan secara individu atau kelompok. Pada proses melakukan aktifitas tari terdapat konsep ruang gerak, tenaga, dan waktu. Adapun unsur dari tari ada ragam gerak, iringan, dan pakaian. Seni tari memiliki beberapa fungsi dalam kehidupan diantaranya sebagai sarana bergaul, sarana upacara, sarana hiburan, media pendidikan, katarsis, penyaluran terapi, dan pertunjukan. Pada proses media pembelajaran seni, tari juga bisa digunakan dalam media terapi membantu mengatasi permasalah siswa disekolah terkait masalah learning disability seperti adanya masalah kelelahan belajar (bournout study).
Navigating adolescence; pubertal development in autism spectrum conditions and its relation to mental health
Authors: Groenman Annabeth , van der oord saskia , Geurts Hilde
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Adolescence is a period of social, psychological, and physiological change, including the onset of puberty. Differential pubertal onset has been linked to a myriad of problems, including mental health problems. Therefore, we aim to investigate deviating pubertal development in autism, and whether this is more pronounced in girls than in boys. Methods: 68 individuals (nASC= 34, nCOM (comparisons) = 34) aged 12 to 16 years were administered test concerning pubertal development and mental health (i.e., sensory sensitivity, autistic traits, depression, anxiety, and externalizing problems). Frequentist and Bayesian ANOVA was used to examine deviations in pubertal development in ASC and possible sex effects. Regression analyses was used to test whether this asynchronicity was linked to mental health problems. Results: Our (Frequentist and Bayesian) analyses revealed earlier onset and slower development of pubertal development in ASC but we did not find any sex differences. Maturation disparity was linked to higher mental health problems in ASC, but not in COM. No sex differences in the relation with mental health outcomes was found. Conclusions: We found evidence for a slower development of “true” puberty in those with ASC compared to those without. Moreover, we show that disparities in pubertal development are related to mental health in ASC, suggesting a greater impact on mental health in autistic than in non-autistic teens. Longitudinal studies are necessary to elucidate important developmental trajectories in puberty in neurodiverse populations.Keywords: autism spectrum conditions; puberty, pubertal development, mental health, sex differences
Making the Leap: from Experimental Psychopathology to Clinical Trials
Authors: Blackwell Simon Edward , Woud Marcella Lydia
Published: September 2021

One important aim of experimental psychopathology research is to inform development of new interventions derived from basic science. However, testing whether a newly developed intervention is in fact effective requires moving from experimental studies to clinical trials, and this transition can pose many problems. These problems stem not only from the inherent complexity of even the simplest clinical trial, but also from differences between experimental psychopathology and clinical trial research that may not always be obvious to researchers immersed in only one of these specialist areas. In this paper we explore some of these complexities, and discuss when a clinical trial may, or may not be, the best next step in the translational process. We then consider some of the ins and outs of clinical trials methodology, from design and planning through to reporting, with the aim of providing a guide for experimental psychopathology researchers thinking of making the leap from their experimental studies of mechanisms to clinical trials of novel interventions. We hope that this can help increase the chance of successful clinical translation and novel treatment development from basic science.
Job Insecurity During an Economic Crisis: The Psychological Consequences of Widespread Corporate Cost-Cutting Announcements
Authors: Van Egdom Drake , Spitzmueller Christiane , Wen Xueqi , Kazmi Maryam Ahmad , Baranski Erica , Flin Rhona , Krishnamoorti Ramanan
Published: September 2021

Economic crises, such as the one induced by the COVID-19 pandemic, and resulting widespread corporate cost-cutting, drastically alter the nature of work. Job insecurity represents a critical intermediate between the economic ramifications of an economic crisis and work and stress outcomes, however, the underlying cognitive consequences of job insecurity and how to buffer those effects are not well understood. We examine how corporate cost-cutting announcements indirectly relate to employees’ attention through their relationship with employee job insecurity and investigate supervisor support as a potential buffer of these relationships. We used multi-source data to test our research model, combining data on cost-cutting announcements (budget cuts, layoffs, and furloughs) in news articles for 165 organizations with survey data from 421 full-time employees from these organizations between March 26, 2020 and April 8, 2020. Cost-cutting announcements are positively related to job insecurity, which is related to employee’s attention with supervisor support mitigating the effects of job insecurity on attention. Grounded in self-regulation theories, we contribute to and extend the theoretical understanding of the organizational context for job insecurity and cognitive outcomes. We discuss the implications for organizations to manage and prepare for future economic crises, specifically on organizational communication and supervisor interventions.
Prospective and Concurrent Effects of Traits, Coping Beliefs, Social Support, Preventive Beliefs and Behaviors, and Sickness Experiences on Coronavirus Vaccine Inclination
Authors: Bogg Tim , Milad Elizabeth , Godfrey Olivia
Published: September 2021

The present study examined prospective and concurrent associations between traits, political orientation, well-being, coping and positive social relations, infection and preventive behavior beliefs, preventive behaviors, symptoms, exposure, viral testing, and coronavirus vaccine intention and likelihood following the FDA emergency use authorization for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The pre-registered study used a stratified online U.S. sample assessed from March, 2020, to January, 2021 (N = 500). Three assessments were aligned with “15 days to slow the spread” in March 2020; the first mortality surge in April/May, 2020; and the overlapping FDA EUA in mid-December, 2020, and major case/mortality surge during December, 2020 and January, 2021. Consistent with contemporaneous polling, 66.4 % of participants agreed a little or strongly agreed that they intended to receive an approved vaccine. Modeling results showed less education (β = .11, p < .01), child(ren) in the household (β = -.14, p < .001), baseline conservative political orientation (β = -.17, p < .001), weaker concurrent perceived health consequences (β = .13, p < .05), weaker concurrent norms for preventive behaviors (β = .23, p < .001), and less frequent concurrent mask wearing (β = .23, p < .001) were associated with weaker vaccine inclination. None of the trait, coping, or sickness experience variables was associated with vaccine inclination in the model. The results clarify the parental, political, and preventive factors associated with vaccine inclination and suggest the need for a multi-pronged vaccination campaign immediately before approval and upon availability of a novel vaccine.
On the psychological origins of tool use
Authors: Mangalam Madhur , Fragaszy Dorothy M , Wagman Jeffrey B. , Day Brian , Kelty-Stephen Damian , Bongers Raoul M. , Stout Dietrich , Osiurak François
Published: September 2021

The ubiquity of tool use in human life has generated multiple lines of scientific and philosophical investigation to understand the development and expression of humans’ engagement with tools and its relation to other dimensions of human experience. However, existing literature on tool use faces several epistemological challenges in which the same set of questions generate many different answers. At least four critical questions can be identified, which are intimately intertwined—(1) What constitutes tool use? (2) What psychological processes are involved in tool use? (3) Which of these psychological processes are specific to tool use? (4) Which psychological processes involved in tool use are specific to Homo sapiens? To help advance a multidisciplinary scientific understanding of tool use, six author groups representing different academic disciplines (e.g., anthropology, psychology, neuroscience) and different theoretical perspectives respond to each of these questions, and then point to the direction of future work on tool use. We find that while there are marked differences among the responses of the respective author groups to each question, there is a—perhaps surprising—degree of agreement about many essential concepts and questions. We believe that this interdisciplinary and intertheoretical discussion will foster a more comprehensive understanding of tool use than any one of these perspectives (or any one of these author groups) would (or could) on their own.