bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of T-Invariance Violation in Scattering of Polarized 3He Nuclei on Tensor-Polarized Deuterons
Authors: Uzikov Yu. N. , Platonova M. N.
Published: April 2024

In the interaction of a transversely polarized nuclear beam with a tensor-polarized deuteron target, a nonzero value of the component of the total cross section corresponding to this combination of polarizations is an unambiguous signal ofT-invariance violation whileP-parity is preserved. The method developed earlier for calculating this component of the total cross section forpdscattering based on the Glauber theory has been generalized by us to the case of3Hedscattering, and its energy dependence in the range of beam energies 0.1–1 GeV/nucleon has been calculated. It is found that in3Hedcollisions, in contrast topdscattering, the contribution of only one type ofT-violating nucleon-nucleon forces dominates, which is essential for extraction of the unknown constant of this interaction from the corresponding data.
The Influence of Climate Changes on Mudflow Formation in Permafrost Areas: a Case Study for Chukotka Peninsula
Authors: Gensiorovskiy Yu. V. , Lobkina V. A. , Muzychenko A. A. , Muzychenko L. E. , Mikhalev M. V. , Ukhova N. N.
Published: April 2024

The factors influencing the formation of mudflows in areas of the permafrost are considered. The data of studies performed in two regions of Chukotka – “Continental” (the Anyuysky ridge) and “Coastal” (the Iskaten ridge) were used for this research. The air temperature data series obtained in Chukotka in 2000–2020 demonstrate a steady growth of the average annual values. The air temperature rise estimated for the mudflow–dangerous period (June–August) amounted 1.4°C for the “Continental” area, and 1.0°C for the “Coastal”. This warming affects thickness of the seasonal melt layer of permafrost, mainly in the bottoms of valleys and on the slopes of mountains. This factor promotes the involvement of certain volumes of ground into mudflows. As a result of the research, it was found that the dynamics of the change in the thickness of the seasonal melt layer within the studied areas is positive, which is a consequence of warming and leads to additional moistening of grounds. The two periods of the mudflow formation were identified. During the first one (May–June), the mudflow formation is connected with the onset of intensive snowmelt that is favorable mainly for snow-water streams and loose mudflows. In the second period (July–August), mudflows are mostly caused by liquid precipitations, when the maximum thickness of seasonal melt layer is reached. It is the second period when a release of a large cohesive mud stream is the most probable. On the whole, the results obtained allow making a conclusion that in the near future the predominant type of mudflows in Chukotka will remain those of snow genesis. But, at the same time, under conditions of the climate change, occurrence of the snow-water mud streams will increase, especially in the “Coastal” area.
Determination of the Predominant Orientation of Cracks in Ice Cover of the Laptev Sea from the Ice Drift Data
Authors: Dyment L. N. , Ershova A. A. , Porubaev V. S. , Chirkova A. A.
Published: April 2024

Received April 10, 2023; revised May 25, 2023; accepted June 27, 2023The paper shows that in order to solve the problem of predicting the predominant orientation of cracks in ice covering the Laptev Sea, when the satellite information is absent, the orientation of cracks in ice cover can be calculated using data on the ice drift in the Sea. We have selected 200 satellite images made in both visible and infrared spectral bands allowing to obtain actual data on ice cracks in the Laptev Sea for seasons 2016–2021, and then calculated the predominant orientation of them using data on the OSI SAF ice drift for the date of each image as well as for several previous days. Results obtained were compared with actual modal orientations of the cracks and with characteristics of the atmospheric pressure fields in these days. It was found that selecting of initial ice drift data should be done with regard for the intensity of air flows, the invariability or constancy of the direction of air flows over the sea aquatory during several days, and the presence of a cyclone centered over the sea area. An algorithm has been developed for automatic selection of a date when the ice drift can be most likely accompanied by formation of cracks on the day under consideration, and calculation of predominant orientation of cracks should be made exactly on that day. The selected data on ice drift serve as a basis for calculating. It was revealed also that with the difference in the types of intensity of air flows in the northern and southern parts of the Laptev Sea, the developed algorithm for determining the date of ice drift should be applied to each part of the sea separately. The number of squares of the Laptev Sea grid in which the calculated orientation of cracks corresponded to its actual meaning with an established permissible error of 30° has been determined. The ratio of this number to the total quantity of grid squares (skill score) was equal to 69% on the average. The skill score exceeded 70% in 46 percent of the cases. The skill score falls below 60% in only 16 percent of the cases, with minimum value of 50%.
Uncertainty Assessment for Mean Snow Cover Depth Derived from Direct Measurements on Aldegondabreen Glacier (Svalbard)
Authors: Terekhov А. V. , Vasilevich I. I. , Prokhorova U.V.
Published: April 2024

Received March 27, 2022; revised May 5, 2023; accepted June 27, 2023This study introduces an empirical equation allowing to estimate an uncertainty of area-averaged snow depth on the Aldegondabreen Glacier, computed from standard snow surveys and made by an avalanche probe or by similar equipment. The two-decade history of the ongoing mass-balance monitoring program on this glacier shows that the methodology of field work on snow-measuring survey varies somewhat from year to year: the number and location of measurement points change. To identify and quantify long-term trends and variations in snow cover, it is crucial to assess the inter-comparability of the data in the obtained measurement series. The proposed equation was intended to solve this task basing on the collected data only, allowing to estimate the uncertainty even retrospectively. To build this equation, we applied a bootstrap statistical approach to the results of snow surveys carried out in Svalbard in 2015–2021. After interpolating the field measurements, obtained rasters were sampled sequentially with different numbers of points, simulating the real snow survey. The points were initially located in a form of a quasiregular grid and then randomly shifted between the iterations. After a thousand simulations for each number of points, the standard deviations were calculated relative to the “true” values, derived from corresponding rasters. These standard deviations, which we admit to be a random error of the area-averaged snow depth value, expectedly decrease with the number of sampling points and increase with the coefficient of variation (\({{{\text{C}}}_{\user1{v}}}\)). The well-known \({{{\text{C}}}_{\user1{v}}}\) index indirectly characterizes the irregularity of snow cover. After approximating the bootstrap results, the authors derived an equation that yields a relative error. The equation includes only two predictors which are the probing density per area unit and the \({{{\text{C}}}_{\user1{v}}}\), which potentially allows using it for the other glaciers. However, the universality of the empirically obtained coefficients is debatable, since they may vary due toa glacier size, its morphology and other parameters.
GEYSERNAYA RIVER ALLUVIUM (KAMCHATKA): COMPOSITION AND FEATURES OF FORMATION2
Authors: Lebedeva E. V. , Zakharov A. L. , Mikhalev D. V.
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive compositional analysis of the alluvium from the river with active gas-hydrothermal manifestations was carried out for the first time. Geysernaya river alluvium is characterized by: poor roundness of boulders and pebbles (grades 1–2), poorly sorted fine-clastic component, abundance of rock fragments and intergrown minerals even in the fine sand fraction. All these indicate the sediment weak disintegration with significant amount of slope material in it, including redeposited by mudflows. The high content of smectite-zeolite and other newly formed (secondary) minerals aggregates (up to 70% of the light fraction 0.1–0.25 mm in size) and altered rock fragments (up to 70–80% in the pebble fraction of alluvium) indicate that a gas-hydrothermal activity significantly impact the bedrock and alluvium weathering within the thermal fields. The material accumulates predominant in the areas of: (1) active delivery of slope material (temporary dams), (2) the longitudinal profile flattening in dammed reservoirs, and (3) mudflow material removal. Formation of two dammed reservoirs over the past 15 years, as well as layers of fine sand found in the low terrace’s sediments, indicate that such short-lived basins form periodically in the Geysernaya river valley. The conditions of the fine sand deposition in sections of a single-branch channel and within dammed reservoirs are differ, which affects the heavy fraction leading minerals ratio. The well-rounded gravel and abundance of coarse sand, and their decrepit appearance indicates that, along with the processing of incoming slope and mudflow material large volumes the Geyzernaya river continues to cut in and erodes the ancient fluvial sediments.
LAKE VITALIEVSKOYE (VALAAM ISLAND) ISOLATION PROCESS AND VEGETATION DYNAMICS DUE TO CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF THE LAKE LADOGA DURING THE LATE HOLOCENE1
Authors: Sapelko T. V. , Gazizova T. Yu. , Moiseenko A. D. , Ludikova A. V. , Kuznetsov D. D. , Rusanov A. G.
Published: April 2024

The macrophyte pollen is a valuable source of information about lake level changes. Continuing our previous studies on the use of the macrophytes pollen analysis in the paleolimnology we studied the Lake Vitalievskoye sediments sequence of on the Valaam Island (the northern part of Lake Ladoga). To confirm the results of pollen analysis we conducted lithological and diatom analyzes. The macrophytes distribution of the island lakes at the present time has been established with the help of geobotanical and pollen analyzes of the lacustrine surface sediments. As a result, a comprehensive study made it possible to establish the stages of the Lake Vitalievskoye development during the Late Holocene: The Lake Ladoga Bay stage with a slight overgrowth of aquatic vegetation; the lake isolation stage of the from Lake Ladoga, when macrophytes disappeared from the lake, and the lake independent development stage, when their maximum distribution occurred and later began to decline as a result of the human impact. According to our research of the Valaam Island lakes we have received new data about the modern distribution of macrophytes in the island lakes, their dynamics in the Late Holocene. We also conducted a methodological study establishing the macrophytes pollen role in studying the small island lakes history and the Lake Ladoga level.
Audley End Annotations
Authors: Stritmatter Roger
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study investigates the writership of a series of 16th century annotations found in at least six books in the library of Audley End House in Essex, UK, which are of possibly historic significance on account of their alleged connections of plot and theme to several of Shakespeare’s plays, especially Julius Caesar (c. 1599) and Antony and Cleopatra (c. 1601). Audley End is a storied mansion, rebuilt by Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, c. 1610 for the express purpose of entertaining King James on his annual progress of English Great Houses. Today operated by English Heritage, the site preserves an impressive library with at least 128 books predating 1604. In 2016, John Casson and William Rubinstein proposed that the annotator of a number of these volumes was Sir Henry Neville (1564-1616), an early owner of the Billingbear estate in Berkshire from which some of the oldest books now at Audley End were evidently transferred circa 1920-1924.
If Neville was, in fact, the author of the annotations, would this belief hold up under scrutiny if the principles of forensic document examination were applied? If not, is there another contemporaneous writer whose control sample is a better fit? To make this determination, eight of the 21 “Distinguishing Elements of Handwriting” identified in Huber and Headrick classic text Handwriting Identification: Facts and Fundamentals (1999), were applied. These eight, as numbered by Harrelson and Huber (2018) include Class of Allograph (6.2.1.2), Allograph Combinations (6.2.1.4.5), Design and Construction of Allographs (6.2.1.4), Diacritics (6.3.4), Numerals and Textual Symbols (7.2.1), Connections and Terminations (6.2.1.3), Consistency and Natural Variation (6.4.1), and Embellishments (6.3.5). An additional standard, defined as Whole Word or Letter Sequence Comparison, supplies insight into at least two further discriminating elements, Connections (6.2.1.3), and Spacing (6.2.1.7), as well as affording a larger field of reference than do discriminating elements of single characters. Bold-face words are in the glossary.
After applying these standards to the writing of Sir Henry Neville and finding that Neville’s writing contains many unexplained differences from the Audley End Unknown hand, the article then considers and tests the alternative hypothesis that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford (1550-1604), is the writer of the question document annotations. After a thorough investigation applying the same standards used to test the hypothesis of Neville’s writership, the evidence instead supports the conclusion that de Vere is a more plausible writer of the Audley End annotations.
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Geçmişten günümüze insan-çevre ilişkisi
Authors: Ceylan Serdar
Published: April 2024

Avcı toplayıcı toplumda, tarım, endüstri ve post-endüstriyel toplumlarda insan-çevre ilişkisinin ne yönde olduğu, araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, ikincil veriler olan bilimsel yayınlar üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri, betimlenerek yorumlanmış ve anlamlandırılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre insan-çevre ilişkisi, geçmişten günümüze gelinceye kadar farklılaşmıştır. Farklı yüzyıllarda yaşamış toplumlarda, çevrenin kullanımının da farklı yoğunlukta ve yaklaşımda olduğu görülmektedir. Neolitik öncesinde doğaya bağımlı olan insan, yerleşik yaşama geçiş ile birlikte insan ve hayvan gücünü birleştirerek doğayı sömürmeye başlamıştır. Endüstri Devrimi ile makine çağına geçilmesi, mühendislik teknolojisinin gelişmesi ve demir çelik üretiminin artması insanın doğaya hükmetmesinin yolunu açmıştır. Endüstri toplumunda ekonomik büyümeye odaklı ve insan merkezli doğa anlayışı, doğanın sömürüsüne, doğal kaynakların ve büyümenin sınırlarına ulaşılmasına ve büyük çevresel sorunların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. 1970’lerin postmodern toplumunda, politikanın merkezine çevre kavramının girmesi ile çevresel hareketler hız kazanmıştır. Bu duruma bağlı olarak postmodern toplum, endüstri toplumunun çevre anlayışını eleştirmiş; insanın doğayı merkeze alan sürdürülebilir bir çevre bir anlayış ile hareket etmesi gerektiğini belirtmiştir.
Does work experience matter when training teachers to deal with school disengagement?
Authors: Rassameethes Bordin , Phusavat Kongkiti , Pastuszak Zbigniew
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Traditionally, teachers with less work experience receive more training in non-academic areas such as school disengagement. This circumstance affects a school’s readiness when attempting to create a student-focused environment. Teachers need to have a consistent approach when dealing with disengaged students.

OBJECTIVE

The study examines the relationship between work experience on the decision relating to in-service training needs to cope with school disengagement. This study focuses on the schools from Bangkok Metropolitan Administration.

METHODS

The method consists of several steps. The first step is to identify a general set of non-academic training needs. The next step is to distribute the survey to teachers. Finally, statistical analysis is applied to examine the impacts from work experience.

RESULTS

Based on the surveys completed by 147 teachers who are categorized into four work-experience groups. The findings show that work experience does not affect the decisions regarding training needs. Thus, younger as well as older teachers alike should be provided with similar training programs to deal disengaged students.

CONCLUSIONS

Work experience should not be used as a criterion when selecting teachers when providing in-service training for non-academic areas. Consistent practice by teachers is needed when creating a student-focused environment.
On-line task allocation for multi-robot teams under dynamic scenarios
Authors: Arif Muhammad Usman , Haider Sajjad
Published: April 2024

Multi-Robot Task Allocation (MRTA) is a complex problem domain with the majority of problem representations categorized as NP-hard. Existing solution approaches handling dynamic MRTA scenarios do not consider the problem structure changes as a possible system dynamic. RoSTAM (Robust and Self-adaptive Task Allocation for Multi-robot teams) presents a novel approach to handle a variety of MRTA problem representations without any alterations to the task allocation framework. RoSTAM’s capabilities against a range of MRTA problem distributions have already been established. This paper further validates RoSTAM’s performance against the more conventional dynamics, such as robot failure and new task arrival, while performing allocations against two of the most frequently faced problem representations. The framework’s performance is evaluated against a state-of-the-art online auction scheme. The results validate RoSTAM’s capability to allocate tasks across a range of dynamics efficiently.
Sulcal Morphometry Predicts Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sighinolfi Giovanni , Mitolo Micaela , Pizzagalli Fabrizio , Stanzani-Maserati Michelangelo , Remondini Daniel , Rochat Magali Jane , Cantoni Elena , Venturi Greta , Vornetti Gianfranco , Bartiromo Fiorina , Capellari Sabina , Liguori Rocco , Tonon Caterina , Testa Claudia , Lodi Raffaele
Published: April 2024

Background: Being able to differentiate mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients who would eventually convert (MCIc) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from those who would not (MCInc) is a key challenge for prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the ability of sulcal morphometry to predict MCI progression to AD, dedicating special attention to an accurate identification of sulci. Methods: Twenty-five AD patients, thirty-seven MCI and twenty-five healthy controls (HC) underwent a brain-MR protocol (1.5T scanner) including a high-resolution T1-weighted sequence. MCI patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment at baseline and were clinically re-evaluated after a mean of 2.3 years. At follow-up, 12 MCI were classified as MCInc and 25 as MCIc. Sulcal morphometry was investigated using the BrainVISA framework. Consistency of sulci across subjects was ensured by visual inspection and manual correction of the automatic labelling in each subject. Sulcal surface, depth, length, and width were retrieved from 106 sulci. Features were compared across groups and their classification accuracy in predicting MCI conversion was tested. Potential relationships between sulcal features and cognitive scores were explored using Spearman’s correlation. Results: The width of sulci in the temporo-occipital region strongly differentiated between each pair of groups. Comparing MCIc and MCInc, the width of several sulci in the bilateral temporo-occipital and left frontal areas was significantly altered. Higher width of frontal sulci was associated with worse performances in short-term verbal memory and phonemic fluency. Conclusions: Sulcal morphometry emerged as a strong tool for differentiating HC, MCI, and AD, demonstrating its potential prognostic value for the MCI population.
Short-Term Practice Effects on Cognitive Tests Across the Late Life Cognitive Spectrum and How They Compare to Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Duff Kevin , Hammers Dustin B. , Koppelmans Vincent , King Jace B. , Hoffman John M.
Published: April 2024

Background: Practice effects on cognitive testing in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain understudied, especially with how they compare to biomarkers of AD. Objective: The current study sought to add to this growing literature. Methods: Cognitively intact older adults (n = 68), those with amnestic MCI (n = 52), and those with mild AD (n = 45) completed a brief battery of cognitive tests at baseline and again after one week, and they also completed a baseline amyloid PET scan, a baseline MRI, and a baseline blood draw to obtain APOE ɛ4 status. Results: The intact participants showed significantly larger baseline cognitive scores and practice effects than the other two groups on overall composite measures. Those with MCI showed significantly larger baseline scores and practice effects than AD participants on the composite. For amyloid deposition, the intact participants had significantly less tracer uptake, whereas MCI and AD participants were comparable. For total hippocampal volumes, all three groups were significantly different in the expected direction (intact > MCI > AD). For APOE ɛ4, the intact had significantly fewer copies of ɛ4 than MCI and AD. The effect sizes of the baseline cognitive scores and practice effects were comparable, and they were significantly larger than effect sizes of biomarkers in 7 of the 9 comparisons. Conclusion: Baseline cognition and short-term practice effects appear to be sensitive markers in late life cognitive disorders, as they separated groups better than commonly-used biomarkers in AD. Further development of baseline cognition and short-term practice effects as tools for clinical diagnosis, prognostic indication, and enrichment of clinical trials seems warranted.
Association Between Dementia, Change in Home-Care Use, and Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study Using Data from Three Cohort Studies
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Yamasaki Syudo , Nakashima Taeko , Miyamoto Yuki , Cooper Claudia , Richards Marcus , Stanyon Daniel , Sakai Mai , Yoshii Hatsumi , Nishida Atsushi
Published: April 2024

Background: The emotional impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people with dementia has been quantified. However, little is known about the impact of change in home-care use owing to the pandemic. Objective: To determine the longitudinal association between dementia, change in home-care use, and depressive symptoms during the pandemic. Methods: We included data of 43,782 home-dwelling older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), Study of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), and National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). This study considered the latest main wave survey prior to the pandemic as the baseline, and the COVID-19 survey as follow-up. In a series of coordinated analyses, multilevel binomial logistic regression model was used to examine the association between baseline dementia, change in home-care use at follow-up, and presence of depressive symptoms. Results: Dementia, using the ELSA, SHARE, and NHATS datasets, was identified in 2.9%, 2.3%, and 6.5% of older adults, and home-care use reduced in 1.7%, 2.8%, and 1.1% of individuals with dementia, respectively. Dementia was significantly associated with the increased risk of depressive symptoms in all three cohorts. However, the interaction between dementia and period (follow-up) was non-significant in SHARE and NHATS. Across all three cohorts, home-care use during the pandemic, regardless of change in amount, was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms, compared to the non-use of home care. Conclusions: These results highlight the need for tailoring dementia care at home to promote independence and provide sustainable emotional support.
Enhances the recognition accuracy of the complex text for online production labels by improving convolutional recurrent neural network
Authors: Sun Haobin , Chen Bingsan , Zhang Wenshui , Wei Songma , Lian Changwei
Published: April 2024

In the process of production, the label on the product provides the basic product information. Due to the complex text contained on the product labels, the high accuracy recognition for online production labels has always been a challenging problem. To address this issue, a more effective method for complex text detection by improving the convolutional recurrent neural network has been proposed to enhance the recognition accuracy of complex text. Firstly, the SE-DenseNet feature extraction network has been introduced for feature extraction, aiming to improve the model’s depth and feature extraction capacity. Then, the Bi-GRU network is utilized to learn and model the hidden states and spatial features extracted by SE-DenseNet, anticipate preliminary sequence results, reduce model parameters, and improve the model’s calculation performance. Finally, the CTC network is employed for transcription to convert each feature sequence prediction output by Bi-GRU into a label sequence, achieving complex text recognition. Experimental results on the SVT, IIIT-5K, ICDAR2013 public dataset, and a self-built dataset demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior outcomes on both public and self-built datasets. Remarkably, the model exhibits the highest recognition accuracy of 93.2% on the ICDAR2013 public dataset, demonstrating its potential to support complex text recognition for online production labels.
MTS-Net: An enriched topology-aware architecture for molecular graph representation learning
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhou Qing , Su Renbin , Xiong Weihong
Published: April 2024

Molecular graph representation learning has been widely applied in various domains such as drug design. It leverages deep learning techniques to transform molecular graphs into numerical vectors. Graph Transformer architecture is commonly used for molecular graph representation learning. Nevertheless, existing methods based on the Graph Transformer fail to fully exploit the topological structural information of the molecular graphs, leading to information loss for molecular representation. To solve this problem, we propose a novel molecular graph representation learning method called MTS-Net (Molecular Topological Structure-Network), which combines both global and local topological structure of a molecule. In global topological representation, the molecule graph is first transformed into a tree structure and then encoded by employing a hash algorithm for tree. In local topological representation, paths between atom pairs are transcoded and incorporated into the calculation of the Transformer attention coefficients. Moreover, MTS-Net has intuitive interpretability for identifying key structures within molecules. Experiments on eight molecular property prediction datasets show that MTS-Net achieves optimal results in three out of five classification tasks, the average accuracy is 0.85, and all three regression tasks.
Predictors of Loss of Ambulation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Landfeldt E. , Alemán A. , Abner S. , Zhang R. , Werner C. , Tomazos I. , Ferizovic N. , Lochmüller H. , Kirschner J.
Published: April 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study was to describe predictors of loss of ambulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Methods:

This systematic review and meta-analysis included searches of MEDLINE ALL, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022, for predictors of loss of ambulation in DMD. Search terms included “Duchenne muscular dystrophy” as a Medical Subject Heading or free text term, in combination with variations of the term “predictor”. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We performed meta-analysis pooling of hazard ratios of the effects of glucocorticoids (vs. no glucocorticoid therapy) by fitting a common-effect inverse-variance model.

Results:

The bibliographic searches resulted in the inclusion of 45 studies of children and adults with DMD from 17 countries across Europe, Asia, and North America. Glucocorticoid therapy was associated with delayed loss of ambulation (overall meta-analysis HR deflazacort/prednisone/prednisolone: 0.44 [95% CI: 0.40–0.48]) ( n = 25 studies). Earlier onset of first signs or symptoms, earlier loss of developmental milestones, lower baseline 6MWT (i.e.,<350 vs. ≥350 metres and <330 vs. ≥330 metres), and lower baseline NSAA were associated with earlier loss of ambulation ( n = 5 studies). Deletion of exons 3–7, proximal mutations (upstream intron 44), single exon 45 deletions, and mutations amenable of skipping exon 8, exon 44, and exon 53, were associated with prolonged ambulation; distal mutations (intron 44 and downstream), deletion of exons 49–50, and mutations amenable of skipping exon 45, and exon 51 were associated with earlier loss of ambulation ( n = 13 studies). Specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CD40 gene rs1883832, LTBP4 gene rs10880, SPP1 gene rs2835709 and rs11730582, and TCTEX1D1 gene rs1060575 ( n = 7 studies), as well as race/ethnicity and level of family/patient deprivation ( n = 3 studies), were associated with loss of ambulation. Treatment with ataluren ( n = 2 studies) and eteplirsen ( n = 3 studies) were associated with prolonged ambulation. Magnetic resonance biomarkers (MRI and MRS) were identified as significant predictors of loss of ambulation ( n = 6 studies). In total, 33% of studies exhibited some risk of bias.

Conclusion:

Our synthesis of predictors of loss of ambulation in DMD contributes to the understanding the natural history of disease and informs the design of new trials of novel therapies targeting this heavily burdened patient population.
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN PERSEPKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: . Hotman , Handayani Wiwik
Published: April 2024

Prinsip ekonomi syariah merupakan prinsip yang berbasis Islam yang mengendalikan setiap pelaku usaha dan konsumen sebagai batasan-batasan untuk bertransaksi. Salah satu hal yang membedakan antara ekonomi syariah dengan ekonomi konvensional, adalah dasar yang dijadikan pedoman untuk berprilaku sesuai aturan yang sudah ada dan yang sudah ditetapkan berkenaan dengan hal ini ekonomi syariah lebih kental dengan hukum Islam yaitu al-qur’an dan hadist sesuai dengan syariat Islam.

Sistem ekonomi indonesia adalah sistem yang harus diterapkan sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah dan sesuai dengan peraturan hukum islam agar adanya keselarasan diantara kedua hukum tersebut untuk memperlancar segala rutinitas umat manusai yang beretika baik jujur dan tidak merugikan orang lain.Setiap tindakan pasti berujung  pertengkaran apabila tidak sesuai dengan aturan-aturan yang ada,perlu adanya regulasi hukum yang menjamin pihak konsumen maupun membuat jera para pelaku usaha untuk tidak semena-mena terhadap pelanggan dan memanipulasi sesuatu yang diperdagangkan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan maupun  hasil yang sebesar-besarnya.perlu adanya pakar-pakar ekonomi terjun langsung untuk mengendalikan ekonomi indoensia agar perkembanganya semakin pesat tidak semakin turun rentan kemudian hilang ditelan bumi.

Perlu adanya perkiraan  yang mengarah kepada perkembangan ekonomi indonesia sehingga bisa merubah keadaan.karena potensi indonesia terhadap ekonomi sangat besar dan tinggi.penunjangan pun perlu digencarkan untuk mendukung pergerakan ekonomi menuju ekonomi yang berkembang dan dengan adanya aturan yang dibuat memberikan batasan-atasan dan tidak ada alasan lagi memperkaya diri sendiri dengan cara yang merugikan karena aturan yang dibaut dibubuhi dengan sanksi-sanksi yang tegas.
PENETAPAN PEMBIAYAAN LEASING SYARIAH DI FIF KOTA METRO PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: . Sudirman
Published: April 2024

Indonesia's financial development is also marked by the diversification of financial products, namely by the emergence of non-bank financing institutions that can be used as alternatives to meet the community's needs for the desired financing. The development of non-bank financial institutions that offer various forms of financing facilities will further expand the provision of alternative financing for the business world and the needs of the Indonesian people in the Indonesian economic system. This study aims to determine the determination of Islamic financing and the mechanism of sanctions for late payments at the Metro City FIF. This type of research is field research (field research). While the nature of this research is descriptive. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources. Data was collected using interview and documentation techniques. The data from the findings are described descriptively and analyzed using inductive thinking.

The results of this study indicate that the determination of Islamic financing in the Islamic system is not known as the interest system as an instrument to obtain profits for the company. Because basically sharia financing in conducting business transactions uses a sale and purchase contract or known as murabahah, which is a contract used to procure an item by confirming the purchase price to the buyer and the buyer pays it in installments at a higher price as profit. The Sharia FIF mechanism if the consumer is unable to pay the installments then the goods will be withdrawn and resold. So that the FIF Syariah does not pay attention and even tends to eliminate the risk aspects that will be encountered when the customer/consumer occurs in the event of a delay in payment
NORMALISASI PEMBAJAKAN BUKU DI ERA TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL
Authors: Uyun Qurrotul
Published: April 2024

Piracy carried out using digital technology is commonplace. This happens because of the lack of awareness of perpetrators to make good use of digital technology. With the rapid development of technology, it is increasingly easier for perpetrators to commit piracy. Piracy that utilizes digital media usually takes the form of certain sites or websites that provide plagiarized works. One type of piracy that often occurs amidst the development of the digital world is piracy of electronic books or e-books. Book piracy in Indonesia is very common. Piracy starts with part or even all of the contents of the book. People increasingly think that using pirated books is not a problem as long as they get cheaper prices.
A review of the use of escape extinction for the reduction of inappropriate mealtime behavior
Authors:   , Maddox Grace
Published: April 2024

Food selectivity and inappropriate mealtime behaviors (IMB) can disrupt a child's ability to consume the necessary calories and nutrients necessary for growth and development. This literature review examined whether escape extinction was a necessary treatment component for the treatment of IMB. Studies were included in the review if (a) the primary and secondary dependent variables were IMB or a behavior that is topologically equivalent (e.g., food refusal) and acceptance of solid food or liquids, and (b) the study compares an intervention utilizing escape extinction to an intervention that does not utilize escape extinction or an intervention that uses a different form of escape extinction. Studies were evaluated based on the following variables: types of treatment evaluated, most effective treatment, inclusion of a functional analysis, intervention setting, interventionist, and the inclusion of social validity measures. For all participants but one, some form of escape extinction was necessary to reduce IMB and increase food acceptance.
Evaluation of positive reflections in critical care nursing huddles to reduce nursing burnout
Authors:   , Ferreiro Amanda Eva
Published: April 2024

Nature and scope of the project: Nurses can experience burnout when their workload exceeds their abilities and resources, causing physical and ment al fatigue (Saravana et al., 2023). Research shows that 76 percent of critical care nurses face burnout, with 53 percent considering leaving their jobs (Roney et al., 2022). This project's objectives are a 10 percent decrease in critical care nurses' Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) score and a 10 percent decrease in critical care nurse turnover from T1 to T2. Synthesis and analysis of supporting literature: Bono et al. (2013) found that listing at least one positive reflection decreased after-work stress ([gamma] = -.16, p < .01) and resulted in fewer mental and physical health complaints ([gamma] = -.07, p < .05; [gamma] = -.07, p < .01). Project implementation: Huddle leaders received an educational guide about Positive Reflections. They must end each huddle by asking for three positives from the previous shift. Leaders must ask for another positive if any answer is negative, sarcastic, or passive-aggressive. Evaluation criteria: Changes in the BAT scores and turnover rates from January 2024 (T1) to March 2024 (T2). Outcomes: The average BAT score decreased by 6.5 percent from 51.14 (sd = 14.0) to 47.8 (sd = 12.9) (p < .21). Furthermore, the turnover rate decreased by 18.9 percent in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (2.97 percent to 2.41 percent) and by 7.61 percent in the Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit (2.89 percent to 2.67 percent). Recommendations: Positive Reflections in critical care nursing huddles have positively affected burnout and reduced turnover. They are easy to perform, take a few minutes to do, and have no associated costs except for the savings by the reduction in turnover associated costs.
Using a chatbot with artificial intelligence elements to study the theme "Working in spreadsheet processors"
Authors: Samokhvalova E. A.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the actual problem of integrating artificial intelligence technologies into the educational process in the context of digital transformation of education. Based on the analysis of scientific, methodological and educational literature, the importance of this direction is shown. An original multilevel structural model of the chatbot with elements of artificial intelligence is proposed, including natural language processing modules, a knowledge base and machine learning algorithms. The integration of the chatbot into solving specific pedagogical tasks is demonstrated, which confirms its potential for implementing a personalized approach to learning. The use of the chatbot with artificial intelligence elements developed by the author to study the theme "Working in spreadsheet processors" in a school informatics course is described, examples of tasks and algorithms for their execution by students are given. The conclusion is made about the prospects of introducing intelligent chatbots to optimize the educational process.
The Influence of National Health Insurance Participant Satisfaction in Mediating the Relationship of Service Quality and Brand Image Towards Participant Loyalty at RSU Balimed Denpasar
Authors:   Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Diastut Ni Kadek i , Atmaja Ni Putu Cempaka Dharmadewi ,   Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Wijana I Made Dauh ,   Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Putra I Gede Cahyadi ,   Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
Published: April 2024

The irregularity of participants in paying National Health Insurance contributions shows that participants lack loyalty in paying contributions which are their routine obligations as participants in the National Health Insurance program. The aim of this research is to reveal the mediating impact of satisfaction on service quality and brand image on loyalty. This research is quantitative research conducted using a survey, using data samples from National Health Insurance participants with active membership and receiving services at the Bali Med Denpasar General Hospital, totaling 82 people with PLS-based SEM analysis. The research results showed that service quality had a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, brand image had no significant effect on satisfaction, service quality and brand image had a positive and significant effect on loyalty, and patient satisfaction was able to mediate the effect of service quality and brand image on patient loyalty. It is hoped that the results of the research can provide advice to related parties to improve the quality of health services, such as how to respond to existing complaints and communicate well with patients and this is expected to have a positive impact on the quality of services
A közösségi rendészet gyöngyösi modellje
Authors: Christián László , Ferenczy Dániel
Published: April 2024

Hazánkban a rendszerváltást követően a döntéshozók nem éltek a lehetőséggel, hogy a rendőrséget decentralizált irányba kezdjék el terelni, így néhány kezdeményezést leszámítva, elmaradt a közösségi rendészet országos lefedettségű megvalósítása. Elismert szakemberek szerint napjainkra a rendőrség a központi feladatokra való koncentrálás következtében kezd elszakadni a lakosság szolgálatától, ami nehézkessé teszi az állampolgár és egyenruhás közti bizalomépítést. A kutatás célja a Gyöngyösön bevezetettközösségi rendészeti módszer a lakosság szubjektív biztonságérzetére gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata. Gyöngyösön településbiztonsági szempontból a kockázati tényezők között főként azok az elemek szerepelnek, amelyekkel bármely átlagos hazai vidéki településen találkozhatunk. Ilyen például az illegális hulladéklerakás, a város mélyszegények által lakott területein lévő közrendfenntartás nehézségei, forgalmasabb közterületeken megjelenő randalírozó személyek. A közösségi rendészet bevezetésénekhatásait vizsgáló kutatás részeként a lakosság szubjektív biztonságérzettel kapcsolatos véleményét internetes, a közösségi média felületein megosztott kérdőív segítségével mértem fel. Emellett félig strukturált interjú készült három, a város életében, közbiztonságának alakulásával kapcsolatban releváns szereplővel, akiknek a véleménye valódi hozzáadott értéket képvisel, és segítheti a felállított hipotézisek alátámasztását vagy cáfolatát. A személyes interjúk során arról beszélt Hiesz György, Gyöngyös város polgármestere, Marsi Zoltán r. alezredes közrendvédelmi osztályvezető, valamint Mácsár Lászlóné helyi polgárőr elnökhelyettes, hogy ők miként ítélik meg a szervezet közösségi rendészeti munkáját. A kutatás összesített eredményei szerint a közösségi rendészet bevezetése jelentősen növelte a gyöngyösi lakosság szubjektív biztonságérzetét, és erősítette a lakossági bizalmat a helyi önkormányzati rendészet iránt, így a modell az erre irányuló célkitűzést tekintve sikeres, és más hasonló adottságú településekre ajánlható a bevezetése a lakossági elégedettség és biztonságérzet növelése érdekében.
APPLICATION OF THE VALUE CLARIFICATION TECHNIQUE (VCT) MODEL BASED ON CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CIVIC DISPOSITION IN LEARNING CIVIC EDUCATION
Authors: Mupidin Pipid
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the application of the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) model which uses stimuli in the form of controversial issues in Civic Education learning. The research method in this study uses the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method. Data collection was carried out by reviewing all articles related to the use of the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) learning model. The testing in this research is intended to obtain and analyze how to apply the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) learning model based on controversial issues to improve students' civic disposition. The research results show that the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) model which uses stimulus in the form of controversial issues in Civic Education learning can increase students' civic dispositions such as being religious, caring, obedient to rules, tolerant and responsible. The conclusions of this research are proven from various research results of other people that have been carried out previously.
ARTIFICIAL INTELEGENCE TRENDS IN EDUCATION AMONG SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ramalingam Shanti , Maniam Mahendran
Published: April 2024

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant attention in the education sector in Malaysia. With the rapid advancement of technology, school administrators are recognizing the potential of AI to improve student learning outcomes and streamline administrative processes. In this narrative overview, we will discuss some of the AI trends in education that are currently being implemented or considered by school administrators in Malaysia. The awareness of the importance of digital learning are very much needed to be emphasize because without it, students will be left behind in terms of education. The main objective of this research is to identify the prospective impact of artificial technologies among school administrators in Malaysian schools with personalized learning, chatbots, predictive analytics, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated grading. This study also conducted to examine the level of competence of school administrators on the technology management and instructional technology using artificial technologies.  The respondents of this study consisted of 40 secondary schools from Malaysia. Using the method of questionnaire survey and interview this study takes the entire education system of Malaysia as an example to explore the effect of AI on role cognition in the education system to streamline administrative processes. The findings of the study show that the level of competence among school administrators in technology management and instructional technology in leveraging AI to improve student outcomes and streamline administrative processes to the study process and to predict possible changes in educational landscape is at a moderate level. Therefore, school administrators need to give their full commitment to the use of instructional technology in order to increase productivity in teaching and learning as well as school management with the impact of artificial intelligence. This research will provide appropriate knowledge for all school administrators to adopt technology leadership features to enhance the school administration system and teacher teaching implementation at a higher level.
PHYSICS TEACHER COMPETENCIES TO DEVELOP EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP ROLES
Authors: Azzahra Sabrilla Almas , Rahmawati Alma Dias
Published: April 2024

The challenges of education in the Merdeka Curriculum era direct teachers to be able to develop good educational leadership, so teachers need to have four main competencies, namely pedagogical, personality, social, and professional competencies. The purpose of this study is to explore the importance of Physics teacher competencies in developing educational leadership roles. The study was conducted at SMA N 4 Surakarta using qualitative research methods including, observation, interview, and literature study. Observations and interviews were used to obtain primary data, while a literature study was used to obtain secondary data. The results of this study indicate that Physics teacher competence plays an important role in directing the learning process, motivating students, and strengthening student learning culture as a form of teacher leadership in the classroom. The implication of this study is the need to develop Physics teachers' leadership competencies through adequate training and support so that Physics teachers can play a more effective role in facing the challenges presented by the Merdeka Curriculum and strengthen the overall educational structure. Therefore, this study emphasizes the urgency of developing Physics teachers' leadership competencies as a strategic step in strengthening education in the Merdeka Curriculum era.