bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antenna Optimization Design Based on Deep Gaussian Process Model
Authors: Zhang Xin-Yu , Tian Yu-Bo , Zheng Xie
Published: November 2020

When using Gaussian process (GP) machine learning as a surrogate model combined with the global optimization method for rapid optimization design of electromagnetic problems, a large number of covariance calculations are required, resulting in a calculation volume which is cube of the number of samples and low efficiency. In order to solve this problem, this study constructs a deep GP (DGP) model by using the structural form of convolutional neural network (CNN) and combining it with GP. In this network, GP is used to replace the fully connected layer of the CNN, the convolutional layer and the pooling layer of the CNN are used to reduce the dimension of the input parameters and GP is used to predict output, while particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used algorithm to optimize network structure parameters. The modeling method proposed in this paper can compress the dimensions of the problem to reduce the demand of training samples and effectively improve the modeling efficiency while ensuring the modeling accuracy. In our study, we used the proposed modeling method to optimize the design of a multiband microstrip antenna (MSA) for mobile terminals and obtained good optimization results. The optimized antenna can work in the frequency range of 0.69–0.96 GHz and 1.7–2.76 GHz, covering the wireless LTE 700, GSM 850, GSM 900, DCS 1800, PCS1900, UMTS 2100, LTE 2300, and LTE 2500 frequency bands. It is shown that the DGP network model proposed in this paper can replace the electromagnetic simulation software in the optimization process, so as to reduce the time required for optimization while ensuring the design accuracy.
Analysis of Effective Operation Performance of Wireless Control Downhole Choke
Authors: Fu Yukun , Ma Huiyun , Yu Chenggang , Dong Liangliang , Yang Yunshan , Zhu Xiaohua , Sun Hanwen
Published: November 2020

Wireless control downhole throttle is designed to control the opening of downhole throttle remotely by ground pressure wave signal to regulate downhole production in a wireless and intelligent manner. The throttle’s production regulation capability and the noise immunity of the signal receiver are the key factors affecting the reliability of the throttle operation. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory, the flow field of downhole throttle is simulated numerically to study the flow resistance characteristics of wireless control downhole throttle and the stability of flow field at signal receiver. Finally, the field test proves that the tool achieves the design capacity of production regulation and can accurately receive signals to regulate downhole production in a wireless and intelligent manner. The research content of this paper provides theoretical and experimental basis for the further improvement and optimization of the wireless control downhole throttle’s structure and has certain guiding significance for the field use of the throttle, achieving the purpose of downhole wireless intelligent production adjustment.
Efficacy of Arytenoidectomy after Suture Lateralisation Failure in Patients with Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis
Authors: Suzuki Shinsuke , Yamada Takechiyo
Published: November 2020

Background. Endolaryngeal suture lateralisation is an ideal operation for bilateral vocal fold paralysis. However, restenosis owing to breakage and slippage of suture can sometimes occur. In such a case, methods that are more effective in expanding the glottis, including arytenoidectomy, must be selected. Case Report. Herein, we report two female patients aged 86 and 54 years who presented with bilateral vocal cord paralysis and who had restenosis after suture lateralisation. Endoscopic partial arytenoidectomy was performed, and satisfactory outcomes were obtained. This method maintains the height of the arytenoid and preserves its sensation by leaving a part of the cartilage and mucous membrane. Conclusion. Endoscopic partial arytenoidectomy is effective for securing the airway while preserving vocal function and preventing aspiration. This technique is suitable for patients with restenosis after they have undergone endolaryngeal suture lateralisation.
Comprehensive Measurement of the Deformation and Failure of Floor Rocks: A Case Study of the Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine
Authors: Liu Hao , Wang Pu , Zhang Weihe , Liu Qiang , Su Lijun
Published: November 2020

The isolated island panel 10304 of the Xinglongzhuang coal mine was used as the research subject to study the deformation and damage characteristics of the coal seam floor. The damage of the floor was studied using the borehole strain sensing method and borehole imaging technology, and FLAC3D was used to study the influence of abutment pressure on floor failure. The result shows that the floor under the superimposed area which is affected by lateral and advanced abutment pressure is damaged firstly, and the maximum depth reaches 26 m, other areas of the working face about 23 m. The degree of deformation and failure of floor rock at different depths is decreased. The deformation damage increases with the advancement of the working face until a certain distance at the same depth. The hole image can clearly show the influence range of the abutment pressure in front of the coal wall and influence the degree of the advancement and lag by means of the strain increment curve for each sensor probe and the images from different drilled positions. On the basis that the results of simulation and field measurement are consistent, the results can reflect the three-dimensional failure characteristics of the whole island working face floor in the process of coal mining more comprehensively and accurately; moreover, they also can provide important information for mine flood prevention and ecological environment protection.
Assessment of Patient’s Satisfaction and Associated Factors regarding Postoperative Pain Management at the University of Gondar Compressive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Bizuneh Yosef , Fitiwi Lema Girmay , Yilkal Fentie Demeke , Woldegerima Berhe Yophtahe , Enyew Ashagrie Henos
Published: November 2020

Objective. We aimed to assess the level of patient’s satisfaction and associated factors regarding postoperative pain management. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 at the University of Gondar, and comprehensive specialized hospital data were collected through semistructured questionnaire and chart review. Level of satisfaction was measured using five-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 23. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. Variables of

P

value ≤0.2 in the bivariable analysis were a candidate for multivariable logistic regression. A

P

value ≤0.05 was considered as significantly associated with patient’s level of satisfaction at 95% CI. Results. A total of 418 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 98.58%. The overall proportion of patients who were satisfied with pain management services was 72.2% (95% CI: 67.7–76.6). ASA1 (AOR = 3.55: 95% CI = 1.20–10.55) and ASA2 patients (AOR = 3.72: 95% CI = 1.04–13.28), absence of postoperative pain (AOR = 1.86: 95% CI = 1.02–3.39), peripheral nerve block done (AOR = 9.14: 95% CI = 3.93 20.86), received analgesic before request (AOR = 6.90: 95% CI = 3.72–12.83), and received systemic analgesics (AOR = 6.10: 95% CI = 1.17–33.91) were significantly associated with the level of satisfaction. Conclusion. The level of patient satisfaction with postoperative pain management was considerably low. Hence, it is vital to implement time-interval pain assessment method during the first 24 hours of postoperative period and treat accordingly based on the WHO pain ladder. Moreover, we suggested that all patients who underwent major surgery should receive peripheral nerve block as part of multimodal analgesia to decrease the incidence and severity of post op pain.
Particle Crushing and Morphology Evolution of Saturated Crushed Gangue under Compaction
Authors: Yu Bangyong , Pan Shucai , Xu Kaisheng
Published: November 2020

In this research, the deformation, particle crushing, and morphology evolution of saturated crushed gangue under variable axial stresses (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 MPa) were investigated by performing a series of laboratory tests with our self‐designed compacting device. The research results showed that the relationship between compression modulus and axial stress can be expressed by an exponential function. The relative breakage varied from 0 to 0.3685 and increased monotonously with the increase of axial stress. The relation between relative breakage and axial strain was described by a linear function. The particle circularity varied from 1.179 to 1.361 and decreased gradually with the increase of axial stress. When the axial stress increased from 0 MPa to 2 MPa, the relative breakage increased rapidly by over 39.15% of the total increase, and the particle circularity of large particles in the range of 15–20 mm sharply decreased by over 48.34% of the total decrease. 2 MPa was a key value in controlling the particle crushing of the saturated crushed gangue during compaction. Particle crushing was predominantly divided into three types: fracture, crushing, and grinding. At the early stage of compaction, fracture and crushing took place in large numbers. At the end, grinding was the main form of particle crushing. The axial strain was influenced by the initial gradation, and a larger Talbot exponent corresponded to a larger strain. However, the initial gradation had little effect on the relative breakage.
Calculation and Analysis of the Structure and Viscosity of B2O3-Regulated CaO-Al2O3-Based Mold Fluxes
Authors: Chen Lifeng , Liu Kun , Han Peng , Yang Bin , Feng Lianghua
Published: November 2020

The high content of aluminum in the steel reacts with the CaO-Si2O-based mold fluxes, resulting in deterioration of the mold slag physical and chemical properties, which cannot be applied to the continuous casting molten slag casting process of high-Mn high-Al steel Herein, the thermodynamic and structural properties of low-reactivity CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes were investigated. The thermodynamic properties were studied based on the first principles of quantum mechanics. The results show that the formation of stable structures of B-O and O-B-O in the mold fluxes was beneficial to reduce the probability of structural interconnection, degree of polymerization, and viscosity of the molten slag. The increase in the ratio of CaO/Al2O3 = 0.88–2 led to an increase in the O2− concentration. O2− entered the [AlO4] structure to form a stable structure of [AlO6] and [AlO5], wherein [AlO6] was more stable than [AlO5], reducing the degree of polymerization of the network structure. When cosolvent content B2O3 = 2%–10%, a simple layered structure of [BO3] was formed, and the particle migration resistance, break temperature, and viscous activation energy of the mold fluxes were reduced, while the corrected optical basicity of mold fluxes was gradually increased.
Labyrinthine Structure with Subwavelength and Broadband Sound Insulation
Authors: Jiang Heng , Liu Yu , Xu Wenshuai , Yang Tao , Pei Dongliang , Chen Meng , Wang Yuren
Published: November 2020

In this text, the combination of spiral structure and zigzag channels is introduced to design labyrinthine structures, in which sound waves can propagate alternately in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Finite element method and S-parameter retrieval method are used to calculate band structures, effective parameters, and transmission properties of the structures. The influences of different structural parameters on their acoustic properties are also studied. These results show labyrinthine structures have multiple bandgaps in the range of 0 Hz–1000 Hz, and the proportion of bandgaps exceeds 33%, which indicates labyrinthine structures have good broadband properties. The normalized frequency of the lowest bandgaps is far smaller than 1, which indicates the structures take good control of sound waves on subwavelength scale. Combining units with different structural parameters can achieve better sound insulation. This research provides a new kind of space-coiling structure for low-frequency and broadband sound waves control, which have excellent application prospects.
Stress Analysis of Negative Coal Pillar Gob-Side Entry and Its Principle of Preventing Rock Burst
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Peng , Shi Lei , Lv Wenyu , Wu Chao , Luo Jianqiao
Published: November 2020

Gob-side entry is an area where it is difficult to prevent and control the frequent occurrence of rock burst. Based on “Longwall Mining with Split-level Gateways” (LMSG), this paper puts forward the technology of preventing rock burst by a new gob-side entry (NCPG). The abutment pressure distribution of LMSG shows that the stress peak of solid coal is lower than the conventional panel, and the width of the limit equilibrium zone is also reduced by a small percentage. After the narrow coal pillar gob-side entry has been excavated, the peak stress in solid coal increases, and the width of the limit equilibrium zone decreases, so the practical stress concentration increases. However, the NCPG located in areas of lower stress. The peak stress in solid coal of the NCPG does not increase, but the width of the limit equilibrium zone increases, so the practical stress concentration decreases. NCPC makes the concentrated stress transfer into the deep coal body and plays the role of pressure avoidance. Compared with the narrow coal pillar gob-side entry, the NCPG reduces the energy stored in coal and rock masses and increases the energy consumption. It has significantly improved the regionality, initiative, safety, and timeliness of rock burst prevention in deep high-stress coal seam mining.
Postdiagnostic Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Breast Cancer Survival: Prospective Analyses in the Nurses' Health Studies
Authors: Farvid Maryam S. , Holmes Michelle D. , Chen Wendy Y. , Rosner Bernard A. , Tamimi Rulla M. , Willett Walter C. , Eliassen A. Heather
Published: November 2020

Fruits and vegetables contain many bioactive components that may contribute to improved survival after diagnosis of breast cancer, however, evidence to date is insufficient. We prospectively assessed the associations of postdiagnostic fruit and vegetable consumption with breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among 8,927 women with stage I–III breast cancer identified during follow-up of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1980–2010) and NHSII (1991–2011), using a validated food frequency questionnaire completed every 4 years after diagnosis. We prospectively documented 2,521 deaths, including 1,070 from breast cancer through follow-up until 2014 in the NHS and 2015 in the NHSII. Total fruit and vegetable and total vegetable consumption was related to lower all-cause [HRQ5vsQ1, 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–0.94; Ptrend = 0.004, and HRQ5vsQ1, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72–0.97; Ptrend = 0.001, respectively], but not breast cancer–specific mortality. Total fruit consumption was not related to breast cancer–specific or all-cause mortality. Greater intake of green leafy and cruciferous vegetables was associated with lower all-cause mortality. Each 2 servings/week of blueberries was associated with a 25% (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60–0.94) lower breast cancer–specific and a 17% (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72–0.96) lower all-cause mortality. In contrast, higher fruit juice consumption was associated with higher breast cancer–specific (HRQ5vsQ1, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09–1.63; Ptrend = 0.002) and all-cause mortality (HRQ5vsQ1, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.04–1.36; Ptrend = 0.003). Apple juice largely accounted for these higher risks and orange juice was not associated with risk. Higher postdiagnostic fruit and vegetable consumption among breast cancer survivors was not associated with breast cancer–specific mortality. However, our findings suggest that higher vegetable consumption, particularly green leafy and cruciferous vegetables, was associated with better overall survival among patients with breast cancer. Higher fruit juice consumption, but not orange juice, was associated with poorer breast cancer–specific and all-cause survival.

Significance:

A large-scale study shows that high fruit and vegetable consumption may be associated with better overall survival among breast cancer patients, while high fruit juice consumption may be associated with poorer porgnosis.
Shorter Treatment-Naïve Leukocyte Telomere Length is Associated with Poorer Overall Survival of Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Antwi Samuel O. , Bamlet William R. , Cawthon Richard M. , Rabe Kari G. , Druliner Brooke R. , Sicotte Hugues , Jatoi Aminah , Mahipal Amit , Boardman Lisa A. , Oberg Ann L. , Petersen Gloria M.
Published: November 2020

Background:

Critically shortened telomeres contribute to chromosomal instability and neoplastic transformation and are associated with early death of patients with certain cancer types. Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been associated with higher risk for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and might be associated also with survival of patients with PDAC. We investigated the association between treatment-naïve LTL and overall survival of patients with incident PDAC.

Methods:

The study included 642 consecutively enrolled PDAC patients in the Mayo Clinic Biospecimen Resource for Pancreas Research. Blood samples were obtained at the time of diagnosis, before the start of cancer treatment, from which LTL was assayed by qRT-PCR. LTL was first modeled as a continuous variable (per-interquartile range decrease in LTL) and then as a categorized variable (short, medium, long). Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for overall mortality using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results:

Shorter treatment-naïve LTL was associated with higher mortality among patients with PDAC (HRcontinuous = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01–1.28, P = 0.03; HRshortest vs. longest LTL = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05–1.59, Ptrend = 0.01). There was a difference in the association between LTL and overall mortality by tumor stage at diagnosis; resectable tumors (HRcontinuous = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.73–1.12), locally advanced tumors (HRcontinuous = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.07–1.56), and metastatic tumors (HRcontinuous = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.96–1.42), Pinteraction = 0.04.

Conclusion:

Shorter treatment-naïve LTL is associated with poorer overall survival of patients with incident PDAC.

Impact:

Peripheral blood LTL might be a prognostic marker for PDAC.
Neoadjuvant Therapy for Melanoma: A U.S. Food and Drug Administration—Melanoma Research Alliance Public Workshop
Authors: Mueller Kristen L. , Theoret Marc R. , Lemery Steven J. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Ariyan Charlotte E. , Atkins Michael B. , Berry Donald A. , Blank Christian U. , DeMichele Angela M. , Forde Patrick M. , Ibrahim Nageatte , Keegan Patricia , Mitchell Tara C. , Moss Rebecca A. , Robert Caroline , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Taube Janis M. , Tetzlaff Michael T. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Flaherty Keith T. , Kaplan Michael J. , Topalian Suzanne L. , Ward Ashley F. , Hurlbert Marc S.
Published: November 2020

Tremendous progress has been made in treating patients with metastatic melanoma over the past decade. In that timeframe, the FDA has approved 12 novel treatments for patients with advanced unresectable melanoma, comprising both kinase-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and five treatments for adjuvant (postoperative) use in patients with high-risk resectable stage III melanoma. It is not known whether outcomes can be further improved by administering kinase inhibitors or ICI in the neoadjuvant (presurgical) setting in patients with high-risk resectable melanomas. Noting research community interest in exploring the neoadjuvant approach for treating melanoma and recognizing that early harmonization of methodologies may expedite the development of therapeutics in this space, the FDA and Melanoma Research Alliance convened a public workshop on November 6, 2019, in National Harbor, Maryland, to discuss key issues. The workshop consisted of 23 faculty and included more than 250 live participants. Topics discussed included opportunities for advancing novel endpoints for regulatory purposes as well as translational research, clinical trial design considerations, and strategies for optimizing patient selection while mitigating risk.
FDA Approval Summary: Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Hyaluronidase–zzxf Injection for Subcutaneous Use in Patients with HER2-positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Gao Jennifer J. , Osgood Christy L. , Gong Yutao , Zhang Hui , Bloomquist Erik W. , Jiang Xiling , Qiu Junshan , Yu Jingyu , Song Pengfei , Rahman Nam Atiqur , Chiu Haw-Jyh , Ricks Tiffany K. , Rizvi Fatima , Hou Sherry , Wilson Willie , Abukhdeir Abde M. , Seidman Jeffrey , Ghosh Soma , Philip Reena , Pierce William F. , Bhatnagar Vishal , Kluetz Paul G. , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh
Published: November 2020

On June 29, 2020, the FDA approved pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase-zzxf subcutaneous injection (Phesgo) for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive early-stage and metastatic breast cancer. Patients should be selected for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic test. Approval was primarily based on the FeDeriCa trial, a randomized, open-label, multicenter comparability study of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase-zzxf subcutaneous injection compared with intravenous pertuzumab and intravenous trastuzumab administered in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings with chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with early breast cancer. The pharmacokinetic endpoints were, first, to demonstrate that the exposure of subcutaneous pertuzumab was not inferior to that of intravenous pertuzumab, and then to demonstrate that the exposure of subcutaneous trastuzumab was not inferior to that of intravenous trastuzumab. The primary endpoints were met with the observed lower limit of the two-sided 90% confidence intervals above the prespecified noninferiority margins. The most common adverse reactions were alopecia, nausea, diarrhea, anemia, and asthenia. The totality of the evidence demonstrated comparability of the subcutaneous product to intravenous, allowing for extrapolation and approval of all breast cancer indications for which intravenous trastuzumab and pertuzumab are approved.
Artificial Intelligence–Electrocardiography to Predict Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Christopoulos Georgios , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Lopez Camden L. , Yao Xiaoxi , Attia Zachi I. , Rabinstein Alejandro A. , Petersen Ronald C. , Knopman David S. , Mielke Michelle M. , Kremers Walter , Vemuri Prashanthi , Siontis Konstantinos C. , Friedman Paul A. , Noseworthy Peter A.
Published: November 2020

Background:

An artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm applied to electrocardiography during sinus rhythm has recently been shown to detect concurrent episodic atrial fibrillation (AF). We sought to characterize the value of AI–enabled electrocardiography (AI-ECG) as a predictor of future AF and assess its performance compared with the CHARGE-AF score (Cohorts for Aging and Research in Genomic Epidemiology–AF) in a population-based sample.

Methods:

We calculated the probability of AF using AI-ECG, among participants in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging who had no history of AF at the time of the baseline study visit. Cox proportional hazards models were fit to assess the independent prognostic value and interaction between AI-ECG AF model output and CHARGE-AF score. C statistics were calculated for AI-ECG AF model output, CHARGE-AF score, and combined AI-ECG and CHARGE-AF score.

Results:

A total of 1936 participants with median age 75.8 (interquartile range, 70.4–81.8) years and median CHARGE-AF score 14.0 (IQR, 13.2–14.7) were included in the analysis. Participants with AI-ECG AF model output of >0.5 at the baseline visit had cumulative incidence of AF 21.5% at 2 years and 52.2% at 10 years. When included in the same model, both AI-ECG AF model output (hazard ratio, 1.76 per SD after logit transformation [95% CI, 1.51–2.04]) and CHARGE-AF score (hazard ratio, 1.90 per SD [95% CI, 1.58–2.28]) independently predicted future AF without significant interaction (
P
=0.54). C statistics were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.66–0.72) for AI-ECG AF model output, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.66–0.71) for CHARGE-AF, and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69–0.75) for combined AI-ECG and CHARGE-AF score.

Conclusions:

In the present study, both the AI-ECG AF model output and CHARGE-AF score independently predicted incident AF. The AI-ECG may offer a means to assess risk with a single test and without requiring manual or automated clinical data abstraction.
Oxidation of Protein Kinase A Regulatory Subunit PKARIα Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Lysosomal-Triggered Calcium Release
Authors: Simon Jillian N. , Vrellaku Besarte , Monterisi Stefania , Chu Sandy M. , Rawlings Nadiia , Lomas Oliver , Marchal Gerard A. , Waithe Dominic , Syeda Fahima , Gajendragadkar Parag R. , Jayaram Raja , Sayeed Rana , Channon Keith M. , Fabritz Larissa , Swietach Pawel , Zaccolo Manuela , Eaton Philip , Casadei Barbara
Published: November 2020

Background:

Kinase oxidation is a critical signaling mechanism through which changes in the intracellular redox state alter cardiac function. In the myocardium, PKARIα (type-1 protein kinase A) can be reversibly oxidized, forming interprotein disulfide bonds in the holoenzyme complex. However, the effect of PKARIα disulfide formation on downstream signaling in the heart, particularly under states of oxidative stress such as ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), remains unexplored.

Methods:

Atrial tissue obtained from patients before and after cardiopulmonary bypass and reperfusion and left ventricular (LV) tissue from mice subjected to I/R or sham surgery were used to assess PKARIα disulfide formation by immunoblot. To determine the effect of disulfide formation on PKARIα catalytic activity and subcellular localization, live-cell fluorescence imaging and stimulated emission depletion super-resolution microscopy were performed in
prkar1
knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts, neonatal myocytes, or adult LV myocytes isolated from “redox dead” (Cys17Ser) PKARIα knock-in mice and their wild-type littermates. Comparison of intracellular calcium dynamics between genotypes was assessed in fura2-loaded LV myocytes, whereas I/R-injury was assessed ex vivo.

Results:

In both humans and mice, myocardial PKARIα disulfide formation was found to be significantly increased (2-fold in humans,
P
=0.023; 2.4-fold in mice,
P
<0.001) in response to I/R in vivo. In mouse LV cardiomyocytes, disulfide-containing PKARIα was not found to impact catalytic activity, but instead led to enhanced AKAP (A-kinase anchoring protein) binding with preferential localization of the holoenzyme to the lysosome. Redox-dependent regulation of lysosomal two-pore channels by PKARIα was sufficient to prevent global calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in LV myocytes, without affecting intrinsic ryanodine receptor leak or phosphorylation. Absence of I/R-induced PKARIα disulfide formation in “redox dead” knock-in mouse hearts resulted in larger infarcts (2-fold,
P
<0.001) and a concomitant reduction in LV contractile recovery (1.6-fold,
P
<0.001), which was prevented by administering the lysosomal two-pore channel inhibitor Ned-19 at the time of reperfusion.

Conclusions:

Disulfide modification targets PKARIα to the lysosome, where it acts as a gatekeeper for two-pore channel–mediated triggering of global calcium release. In the postischemic heart, this regulatory mechanism is critical for protection from extensive injury and offers a novel target for the design of cardioprotective therapeutics.
The Problem of the Absent I
Authors: D’Alessio Giovan Battista
Published: November 2020

One of the greatest paradoxes of ancient Greek lyric poetry is its fundamental tension between the vivid evocation of a performance communicative context and the capability of the text to transcend the context itself. A key aspect of this is the way in which language can exploit both poles of this tension: the presentness of the performance and the transcendence of the text. This is a source of crucial interpretative problems, as well as of complex expressive potentialities. The focus of this paper is to examine some of the ways in which the shift of the use of first person indexicals serves the dialogue between text and performance, proceeding through three stages. In the first place I briefly analyze some different genres of discourse (drama, epistle, lyric) that in Archaic and Classical Greek display a complex use of indexicality calling attention to the ‘mediated’ nature of the communication process (§ 2). In the second stage I revise some examples of ‘mediated’ indexicality in Greek lyric in general (§ 3) and in Pindaric poetry in particular (§ 4). In the third stage I locate these cases within a wider comparative approach, exploring a suitable theoretical explanation of this important feature (§ 5).
Correlation of Single Nucleotide Gene Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Qi Ming , Liu Dongmei , Wang Hailing , Bianba Ciren , Ji Wei
Published: November 2020

Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat to the health and lives of people around the world. In China, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are much higher than the world average, coupled with its low early diagnosis rate, low survival rate, poor prognosis, and complex etiology,
especially the serious lack of effective early warning methods, which has become the main constraint on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer factor. Therefore, finding reliable, effective, and specific markers that can be applied to early warning and diagnosis of gastric cancer has
been a hot issue in gastric cancer research. Magnetic nanoparticles are an ideal molecular carrier for gene separation because they have many advantages such as easy operation, fast, high efficiency, and non-destructive non-recognition biological entities. Changes in gene levels can detect
the development of early diagnosis and treatment of prognosis in patients with gastric cancer by affecting susceptibility, clinical phenotype, and drug response. PcG protein can modify chromatin and affect tumorigenesis. The experimental results show that the introduction of magnetic nanoparticles
can improve the sensing signal, detection sensitivity and gene differentiation. Combined with the latest magnetic nanoparticle technology to analyze the relationship between SNPs of some genes in the pathways involved in gastric cancer treatment and DNA specificity, screening and identifying
specific SNP markers are helpful to the mechanism of gastric cancer development. Understand to achieve the purpose of individualized treatment. By introducing the RAS-BRAF gene on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles, the surface of the magnetic particles was biologically functionalized and
used for the separation and detection of proteins and pathogens, respectively. The results show that the system has excellent detection sensitivity and separation selectivity. At present, the research results of susceptible genes screened by coding gene association studies are inconsistent.
In this study, PLCE1 gene was found to be used as a DNA gene identification method through high expression of cells to analyze that polymorphisms are closely related to the incidence of gastric cancer. In addition, the study suggests that PLCE1 gene may be a susceptible gene for tumor cells.
The signaling pathways involved in the regulation play an important role in tumorigenesis, development, migration, and apoptosis, and are closely related to disease prognosis. Therefore, at the gene level More analysis of the role of these genes in gastric cancer is needed.
Experimental Study of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier in the Treatment of Immune Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Li Yuan , Qi Wufang
Published: November 2020

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common, frequently-occurring and refractory renal medical disease. With the progress of society, the improvement of people’s living standards, changes in lifestyles, and drug abuse, the incidence rate is increasing year by year. The effect of treatment
on it is currently unsatisfactory clinically, and the recurrence rate is relatively high, which seriously affects People’s quality of life. Therefore, the disease has become a hot and difficult point of research. In recent years, the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease have been
thoroughly studied at home and abroad, especially the application of hormones and cyclophosphamide, which have achieved relatively good clinical effects. In this paper, nanostructured lipid carriers were prepared and their pharmacodynamics were studied in the treatment of mice with immunological
lupus nephritis. The main experimental methods and results show that the nanostructured lipid carrier TWHF-NLC prepared by the high-pressure microjet method is characterized by transmission electron microscopy, and the TP-NLC has a uniform particle size, and the nanoparticles are spherical
or short rod-shaped. Animal experiments show that TWHF-NLC has obvious therapeutic effect on mice with immune lupus nephritis. Pathological sections of the kidney showed that TWHF-NLC can effectively reduce the collagen content of the renal interstitial cells, and remove MCP-1 deposited in
the kidney, and inhibit its expression.
Application and Analysis of 6-Mercaptopurine Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Leukemia
Authors: Lu Xueying , Xie Yandong , Wang Fengyu
Published: November 2020

As a first-line drug widely used in the treatment of leukemia, 6-MP has obvious effects on leukemia. However, 6-MP disadvantages such as poor solubility in water, easy binding with serum proteins, short circulation time, and large toxic and side effects greatly limit the application
of 6-MP. For this reason, various 6-MP nano drug-loading systems have been designed to increase the water solubility of 6-MP, extend the circulation time, and increase the bioavailability of 6-MP to a certain extent, reducing its toxic and side effects. However, its therapeutic effect in
vivo and in vitro is still far from expectations, and there is a lot of room for improvement. In order to solve the above problems encountered in the clinical application of 6-MP, we have tried two ways of polymer prodrugs and drug-loaded vesicles to achieve efficient targeted delivery
and treatment of 6-MP. We designed hyaluronic acid (HA)-based gluteal-skin-responsive 6-MP polymer prodrug (HA-GS-MP) for highly effective targeted therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Hyaluronic acid is a natural polysaccharide, which has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, and
has a good ability to actively target malignant tumor cells overexpressing the CD44 receptor. 6-MP is connected to the HA chain through a vinyl sulfide bond, which is stable under physiological conditions (no drug release), and under intracellular reducing conditions, the connection
bond is broken and 6-MP is quickly released. HA-GS-MP has a simple preparation process, good water solubility, long cycle time, and strong targeting ability. This GSH-responsive CD44 targeted 6-MP polymer prodrug is expected to improve the therapeutic effect on acute myeloid leukemia
cells.
Southern Ocean Heat Storage, Reemergence, and Winter Sea Ice Decline Induced by Summertime Winds
Authors: Doddridge Edward W. , Marshall John , Song Hajoon , Campin Jean-Michel , Kelley Maxwell
Published: November 2020

The observational record shows a substantial 40-yr upward trend in summertime westerly winds over the Southern Ocean, as characterized by the southern annular mode (SAM) index. Enhanced summertime westerly winds have been linked to cold summertime sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Previous studies have suggested that Ekman transport or upwelling is responsible for this seasonal cooling. Here, another process is presented in which enhanced vertical mixing, driven by summertime wind anomalies, moves heat downward, cooling the sea surface and simultaneously warming the subsurface waters. The anomalously cold SSTs draw heat from the atmosphere into the ocean, leading to increased depth-integrated ocean heat content. The subsurface heat is returned to the surface mixed layer during the autumn and winter as the mixed layer deepens, leading to anomalously warm SSTs and potentially reducing sea ice cover. Observational analyses and numerical experiments support our proposed mechanism, showing that enhanced vertical mixing produces subsurface warming and cools the surface mixed layer. Nevertheless, the dominant driver of surface cooling remains uncertain; the relative importance of advective and mixing contributions to the surface cooling is model dependent. Modeling results suggest that sea ice volume is more sensitive to summertime winds than sea ice extent, implying that enhanced summertime westerly winds may lead to thinner sea ice in the following winter, if not lesser ice extent. Thus, strong summertime winds could precondition the sea ice cover for a rapid retreat in the following melt season.
Detectable Intensification of Hourly and Daily Scale Precipitation Extremes across Eastern China
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Wei , Jiang Xiaoling , Zhai Panmao , Luo Yali
Published: November 2020

Detecting long-term changes in precipitation extremes over monsoon regions remains challenging due to large observational uncertainty, high internal variability at the regional scale, and climate models’ deficiency in simulating monsoon physics. This is particularly true for Eastern China, as illustrated by limited yet controversial detection results for daily scale precipitation extremes and the lack of detection analysis on hourly scale extremes there. Relying on high-quality gauge observations, two complementary techniques are used to detect the footprint of anthropogenic forcings in observed changes in both hourly and daily scale precipitation extremes across Eastern China. Results show that, scaled with global-mean surface temperature during 1970–2017, the regional-scale intensification nearly doubles the Clausius–Clapeyron rate (C-C; ~6.5% °C−1) for the wettest 10 h in the period and almost triples the C-C rate for the top 10 heaviest daily precipitation extremes. The intensification at both time scales, as well as the resulting increase in frequency, is discernibly stronger and more widespread than expected due to random internal variability. This not only lends supports to the model-based detection of forced trends for daily scale precipitation extremes, but it also suggests that anthropogenic warming has already be intensifying hourly scale precipitation extremes in this monsoon region. The magnitude and detectability of observed changes arise primarily from systematic intensification of non-tropical-cyclone-related precipitation extremes in response to the past warming.
Women health: Psychological and most prominent somatic problems in 3-year follow-up in Bosnian refugees
Authors: Sarajlić Vuković Iris , Jovanović Nikolina , Džubur Kulenović Alma , Britvić Dolores , Mollica Richard F.
Published: November 2020

Background:

Little is known about gender differences among people exposed to war related trauma. Aim of this study is to explore gender differences in health status and comorbidity of mental and physical disorders in a cohort of Bosnian refugees followed up for 3 years (1996–1999).

Methods:

This longitudinal study included 534 subjects followed up for 3 years. The interviews were conducted in refugee camps in Varaždin, Croatia in Bosnian language. Data were collected using Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (Bosnian version) and Hopkins Checklist-25, respectively. Physical health disorders were self-reported.

Results:

In both assessments there was a statistically significant difference between men and women in the number of physical health disorders, even when results were controlled for educational status. Although there was no difference in total number of symptoms in both assessments ( F = 0.32; df = 1; p > 0.05 and F = 1.15; df = 1; p > 0.05), important physical health disorders were significantly more frequent among women than in men in different educational groups, namely high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and anaemia. Asthma, tuberculosis, cirrhosis of the liver, ulcer and epilepsy were more frequent in men than in women. There were no differences in frequencies of psychiatric disorders at baseline, but frequency of psychiatric disorders in women was higher at endpoint for uneducated respondents. There was significant difference compared to men in group of respondents without formal education, but only in comorbidity of PTSD and depression which was more often present in females (22.1%) than in males (3.6%).

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate the importance of gender and education on mental and physical health of people exposed to warrelated trauma. Long term health monitoring and programs, especially related to women’s health are needed in order to avoid lasting consequences.
Psychological response of children to home confinement during COVID-19: A qualitative arts-based research
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Abdulla Bayar Mohammed Omar , Liamputtong Pranee
Published: November 2020

Background:

The evidence has shown that children are more susceptible to the emotional effects of traumatic events such as outbreaks with the possible disruption in their daily lives.

Aim:

In this paper, we discussed the psychological wellbeing of children during the COVID-19 outbreak through the art-based qualitative study using the drawing method among children in Iraqi Kurdistan.

Methods:

In this qualitative arts-based research study, 15 children aged 6 to 13 years old who were confined at home during the COVID-19 outbreak for at least 1 month were included following obtaining the consent from their parents. The children were asked to draw his/her feelings, reflections, and responses during the COVID-19 on a paper. The children were guided to paint their reflections during the COVID-19 based on the following criteria: if they experienced loneliness, tiredness, insomnia, depression, worry or anxiety, or have behavior changes and their relationship with their parents and other siblings.

Results:

This study showed that children have a high level of stress at home during the COVID-19 outbreak. The children had great fear about the coronavirus. They experienced loneliness and stress, and felt sad, depressed due to home confinement and social distancing. The possibility of infection by coronavirus has occupied their entire mind. Mental health care providers must take the experiences of children who are caught in this global pandemic seriously and ensure that appropriate care is offered to the children and their parents.

Conclusions:

The children exhibited a strong feeling of distress, loneliness, and fear during the COVID-19 outbreak. This has implications for mental health care.
“I’m Supposed To Be Thick”: Managing Body Image Anxieties Among Black American Women
Authors: Hughes Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

Prior literature on Black women’s body image heavily relies on comparative studies to confirm Black women’s greater body satisfaction relative to white women. Collectively, these studies argue that “cultural buffers” exempt Black women from the thin ideal and instead, encourage women to embrace thickness as a mark of racial pride. And while the literature largely establishes Black women’s preference for a curvaceous figure, I take a different approach by examining women who describe failing to embody thickness and how they reconcile this conflict. Thus, this article asks how women negotiate body dissatisfaction when violating racialized bodily ideals. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 31 Black American women of diverse body sizes and shapes, I demonstrate how women rely on discursive frameworks such as healthism and the “strong Black woman” ideology to reconcile their self-image. While these discourses enable women to defend criticisms of violating thickness, they also participate in stigmatizing other forms of embodiment in their attempts to assuage body dissatisfaction. Overall, these findings reveal Black women’s agency to challenge idealized–and essentialized–notions of thickness that weighed heavily on their body image. Lastly, I discuss the broader implications of my findings within the literature of body politics and offer suggestions for future research.
Investigation of the penetration behavior of silicon dioxide epoxy hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Erkendirci Ömer Faruk , Çakıcı Avni , Avcı Ahmet , Dahil Lütfiye
Published: November 2020

The use of nanomaterials is gradually increasing with the progress of nanotechnology. In particular, the production of nanocomposites incorporating nanoparticles is one of the most significant areas in which nanomaterials are being used increasingly. The first objective of this research was to detect the punch shear or penetration resistance behavior and damage mechanisms of hybrid nanocomposites obtained by using silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. For that purpose, six different SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites with different laminations three layer (3La), 5La, 7La, 11La, 15La and 21La and different thicknesses (HC) of 0.95∼4.98 mm, were made by using vacuum assisted transfer molding (VARTM). During this research, quasi-static punch-shear (QS-PS) tests at span punch ratios (SPRs) of 1.16, 1.33, 1.67, 2.00, 2.33, 2.67, and more were conducted to determine quasi-static penetration mechanics and penetration resistance behavior. Moreover, deflection, energy dissipation, damage area, stiffness, and peak force values were investigated through experimental results and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) images.
The discourse and aesthetics of populism as securitisation style
Authors: Kurylo Bohdana
Published: November 2020

Populists have lately been at the forefront of securitisation processes, yet little attention has been paid to the relationship between populism and securitisation. This paper investigates the role of securitisation in populism, exploring how the populist mode of securitising differs from traditional securitisation processes. It argues that securitisation is inherently embedded in populism which embodies a particular style of securitisation with a distinct set of discursive and aesthetic repertoires. The populist invocation of societal security and their claim to defend the fundamentally precarious identity of ‘the endangered people’ necessitate an unceasing construction of new threats. Aiming to discredit ‘elitist’ securitisation processes, populism invests in a specific construction of the referent object, the securitising actor and their relationship to the audience. The populist securitising style also carries a distinctive aesthetic centred on ‘poor taste’, sentimental ordinariness and unprofessionalism, examining which can widen our understanding of the aesthetics of security.