bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psia kość! Kreatywność językowa w nazwach gier planszowych i karcianych
Authors: Furmaniak Katarzyna
Published: October 2024

W niniejszym artykule omówiono kreatywne na płaszczyźnie formalnej i znaczeniowej oraz podporządkowane celom pragmatycznym nazwy gier planszowych i karcianych. Do przejawów kreatywności językowej w zebranym materiale zaliczają się neologizmy słowotwórcze, wyróżnienia graficzne, defrazeologizacje, innowacje wymieniające oraz intertekstualne nawiązania.
Real-time marketing w strategii reklamowej włoskiej firmy Barilla
Authors: Księcikowska Magdalena
Published: October 2024

W artykule została zaprezentowana strategia komunikacyjna włoskiej firmy Barilli na rodzimym rynku w zakresie stosowania marketingu czasu rzeczywistego (real-time marketing) w kampaniach reklamowych w mediach społecznościowych. Przybliżono istotę i najważniejsze funkcje wskazanego narzędzia marketingowego, a także dokonano analizy postów publikowanych w mediach społecznościowych firmy skupionej na omówieniu ich aspektów wizualnych oraz werbalnych, m.in. formy, tematyki, a także sloganów zawartych w analizowanych grafikach.
Monomit – uniwersalna struktura narracji w budowaniu wizerunku marki
Authors: Gielarek-Gorczyca Krystyna
Published: October 2024

Budowanie wizerunku marki to zagadnienie bardzo popularne w teorii i praktyce marketingowej. Postępująca technicyzacja społeczeństwa i mnogość informacji, które docierają do konsumenta, sprawiają, że czuje się on zdezorientowany. By mu ułatwić odnalezienie się w świecie obietnic i perswazji, kreatywni twórcy reklam sięgają po nienachalne metody zaznajamiania odbiorcy z marką. Do takich bez wątpienia należy storytelling, który stanowi ciekawą alternatywę wobec imperatywnych tradycyjnych form komunikacji reklamowej. Rosnąca popularność marketingu narracji, bo do tego sprowadza się storytelling, jest efektem poszukiwania nowych sposobów dotarcia do odbiorcy zmęczonego komunikatami o jawnie nakłaniającym charakterze. Marketing narracji czerpie tematy do swoich opowieści z różnych źródeł – wśród nich można wymienić Jungowską teoria archetypów, na podstawie której powstała koncepcja monomitu, czyli uniwersalnej podróży bohatera odtwarzanej w każdej mitologicznej opowieści, a współcześnie również w kulturze popularnej i komunikacji marketingowej. W artykule analizuję znaczenie mitów w kulturze współczesnej – omawiam różne orientacje badawcze, które koncentrują się na mitach.
Storytelling jako narzędzie kreowania wizerunku marki
Authors: Głowacz Anna
Published: October 2024

W artykule przedstawiono istotę koncepcji storytelling i możliwości jego wykorzystania w procesie kreowania wizerunku marki. Praca składa się z trzech elementów. W pierwszej części artykułu ukazano pojęcie marki oraz wizerunku, a także omówiono zasady oraz etapy kreowania wizerunku marki. W drugiej części objaśniono istotę storytellingu oraz rodzaje narzędzi wykorzystywanych w storytellingu. Zwrócono także uwagę na archetypy, które stanowią ważny element tworzenia wizerunku marki. W ostatniej części pracy omówiono kreowanie wizerunku marki przy wykorzystaniu storytellingu na przykładzie świątecznej kampanii firmy DocMorris.
Stable Isotope Analysis of Antipatharian Diets from the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Macartney Keir , Salinas Victoria , Rivera Zachary , Hicks David
Published: October 2024

Antipatharians, or black corals, form a key component of the benthic fauna found throughout the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). In the northwestern GOM, they are a common member of the communities found on the natural relic coral—algal banks known as the South Texas Banks as well as on artificial reefs. They are known to provide important habitat for many ecologically and economically important species in the area but are relatively understudied. Here we present a study on their trophic ecology using stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen from 2 species, Antipathes atlantica and Stichopathes luetkeni from a mesophotic artificial reef in close proximity to the South Texas Banks. We observed that a large proportion of the 2 coral’s diets was composed of detrital matter, likely driven by the continuous disturbance of the benthos by high velocity benthic currents common to the region that support a persistent nepheloid layer below 30 m. Both species also show a reliance on different members of the planktonic community, with A. atlantica consuming more micro and mesozooplankton compared to S. luetkeni. Comparative analysis between soft tissue and skeletal material also indicates that A. atlantica may change its diet on a seasonal basis, while S. luetkeni appears to rely on detrital matter consistently. This study represents the first assessment of the diets of these organisms and provides valuable insight on the trophic ecology of 2 common antipatharian corals in the GOM on natural and artificial reef ecosystems.
Weather based Yield Prediction of Pigeonpea Crop with the Resource Use Efficiency under Varied Sowing Windows
Authors: Thimmegowda M.N. , Manjunatha M.H. , Sathisha G.S. , Huggi Lingaraj , Jayaramaiah R. , Soumya D.V. , Nagesha L.
Published: October 2024

Background: Sowing of crops at the optimal time is a non-cash input, which maximizes yield by effectively utilizing available resources. Choosing the best sowing time is crucial for exploiting a crop’s fullest potential in a specific environment with good agronomic management. Methods: A long term experiment (2004-2020) was conducted at research farm under AICRP on Agro meteorology field unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru from 2004-2020 to find out the different sowing windows on the performance and resource use efficiencies in pigeonpea. Result: Long term (2004-2020) pooled data analysis reveals that, among the different sowing windows, early sown pigeonpea produced higher seed yield with effective utilization of the resources compared to the normal and late sown crops.
Method of obtaining and possibility of using of new complex fertilizers from flotation sludge – potassium-magnesium ore processing wastes
Authors: Smetannikov An. F. , Korlyakov K. N. , Onosov D. V. , Tsema L. G. , Onosova E. F. , Shishkov D. G. , Vasbieva M. T. , Smetannikov Al. F.
Published: October 2024

The results of research on properties of cinders obtained by high-temperature roasting of clay-salt waste (sludge) after processing K-Mg ores are presented. Cinders are used as complex fertilizers, ameliorant components and microelement fertilizers. Secondary wastes, after extraction of Pd, Pt, Ag from burnt sludge (cinder), consist of sludge after deslagging of crushed cinder and “tails” after sand enrichment. Mixing these products, moistening, granulating and sintering forms result in a sintering product (CP) that is ready for application as complex fertilizer, ameliorating additive and microfertilizer. A study of the chemical composition and composition of impurities of cinders and CP was carried out. The identity of the composition of cinders and CP has been established. Tests with cinders and CP as a complex of fertilizers, ameliorants and microfertilizers were carried out. The research was carried out on the experimental field of Perm Agricultural Research Institute, on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil formed on the deluvium of Permian clays, this soil represents up to 70% of the arable lands of the Perm region, the studied crop was potato. The yield of potato when applying cinder as an ameliorant additive was higher by 6.05 t/ha compared to the control (the use of traditional fertilizers provided an increase of 3.56 t/ha). For the first time determination of chemical composition including trace elements studies was fulfilled in potato tubers from unfertilized variants, plots fertilized with traditional fertilizers and plots fertilized with cinders. Two components of tubers – peel and pulp – were analyzed using a mass spectral method, with decomposition in a closed system (autoclave). Most of the elements were characterized by a higher content in the peel (almost an order of magnitude) compared to the pulp. An inverse relationship was observed for P and S, their content was higher in pulp than in peel. In the variant with the use of cinder, a higher content of microelements, especially rare-earths elements, was observed compared to the control. A method for processing sludge to extract Pd, Pt, Ag, results in secondary wastes, that can be used as complex slow-release fertilizers, ameliorating additives and microelement-containing fertilizers.
Observación etnográfica y valoración cultural del barrio San Francisco en Tunja, Boyacá.
Authors: Cepeda Rojas Nancy Yaneth , Ruiz Higuera Sandra Milena , Moreno Parra Daniela Alejandra , López Blanco Laddy Joanne
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es determinar condiciones físicas, infraestructura, vías, condiciones ambientales y organización social del barrio San Francisco en la ciudad de Tunja, que impactan o pueden tener alguna incidencia en la salud de sus habitantes. Se utilizó una metodología de investigación de tipo cualitativo, bajo la modalidad de observación participante y registros de diarios de campo, que permitiera identificar las características culturales de la población, mediante un ejercicio pedagógico desarrollado en la especialidad de medicina familiar y comunitaria UPTC. Este artículo, se desarrolla mediante la línea de investigación etnográfica, entendido como un ejercicio de rigor y sensibilidad, que permita describir, conocer y sentir la forma de vivir de una comunidad, aprendiendo a observar lo cotidiano, aprendiendo a estar, aprendiendo a leer los códigos y los signos/símbolos con que las culturas instauran y ordenan su mundo.  La guía se puede ampliar, mejorar y adecuar para diferentes disciplinas.
Trastornos del espectro autista: caracterización clínica en niños y adolescentes de un centro de referencia en Tunja, Boyacá.
Authors: Castellanos Hernández Jessica del Pilar , Enríquez Erazo Diego Mauricio , Erazo Muñoz María José , Mitchell Hawkins Duane Dexter
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El DSM V define los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) por deficiencias en la comunicación e interacción social, con patrones repetitivos de comportamiento. La etiología es multifactorial, involucrando factores genéticos y ambientales. La detección temprana es esencial, pero la falta de datos en Boyacá destaca la necesidad de investigaciones locales para adaptar intervenciones. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínicamente la población de niños y adolescentes con diagnóstico de TEA en un centro de referencia en Tunja, Boyacá. Metodologìa: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo observacional en niños y adolescentes con TEA en Boyacá. Excluimos casos mayores de 18 años y previos al 2021. Se revisaron historias clínicas de 2021 a 2023, recopilando datos demográficos, antecedentes familiares, y aspectos del desarrollo. La información se recopiló con un cuestionario de Google Forms y se analizó con medidas de frecuencia y tendencia central. Resultados: Se obtuvieron los datos de 214 pacientes, de los cuales 20 fueron diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista, con una edad de diagnóstico entre los 3-6 años. El trastorno del espectro autista más frecuente fue moderado (75%), siendo el síntoma más común, el desarrollo tardío del lenguaje (100%) seguidas de la alteración de la conexión con el medio (80 %). Conclusiones: Sería pertinente realizar en el futuro un estudio colaborativo departamental que permita incluir las diferentes instituciones que prestan servicios de atención a la infancia en Boyacá  para obtener y muestra más significativa y resultados más precisos.
Embracing Christian Values: Positive Relationships and Academic Achievement in Higher Education
Authors: Fowler David , Musgrave Jon
Published: October 2024

This literature review and analysis intricately examines the dynamic interplay between educators and students within the realm of higher education, with a keen focus on the spiritual dimensions elucidated by Christian principles and biblical wisdom. Rooted in the fundamental belief that education embodies a sacred journey, this study delves deep into the profound impact of positive relationships on both academic achievements and spiritual maturation. By establishing meaningful connections between contemporary educational practices and timeless biblical teachings, the research sheds light on how Christian virtues, such as love, compassion, and empathy, serve as foundational pillars in cultivating a spiritually enriching learning environment. The synthesis of empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and biblical insights not only enhances our understanding of the transformative potential of positive relationships in higher education but also underscores their pivotal role in fostering holistic development on a spiritual level. Through this comprehensive exploration, the study contributes significantly to the discourse on the symbiotic relationship between academic success and spiritual growth, emphasizing the importance of nurturing positive relationships as a cornerstone of holistic education in higher learning institutions.
Mapa de ocorrências de geossítios espeleológicos e paleontológicos de Minas Gerais
Authors: Moura Ricardo Almeida de , Ribas Giovana Kelly , Sanchez Evelyn
Published: October 2024

O estudo do Geopatrimônio engloba o estudo de geossítios, os quais envolvem os mais variados aspectos geológicos com valor científico de uma região, incluindo os geomorfológicos, paleontológicos, espeleológicos, arqueológicos, entre outros. As práticas ligadas à conservação do geopatrimônio é designada geoconservação e sua importância se justifica por consolidar ações e políticas que permitirão a manutenção do registro de aspectos importantes da história geológica da Terra. Pensemos no Ensino de Geociências como um aliado na conservação do Geopatrimônio, pois, através dele, ensina-se futuras gerações sobre a importância e a conservação de geossítios (unidade do geopatrimônio, um local de interesse de preservação) e geoparques (aglomerado de vários geossítio). O ensino de Geociências, focado em conteúdos ligados à Geologia e às Ciências da Vida, apresenta similaridades às disciplinas de Ciências Naturais e Biologia no ensino básico, incluindo o uso das TICs.  Visando aliar o ensino geopatrimonial às tecnologias de informação e comunicação, trazemos como objeto de estudo o mapa virtual de geossítos paleontológicos e espeleológicos de Minas Gerais, desenvolvido a partir de geossítios catalogados pela Comissão de Sítios Geológicos e Paleontológicos do Brasil (SIGEP). Testou-se a aplicabilidade e eficácia da aplicação deste mapa virtual em alunos do ensino superior. Conclui-se que, ainda que o público possua conhecimentos sobre geodiversidade e geopatrimônio, este mapa ainda apresenta boa aplicabilidade acerca de ensino geopatrimonial e pode, assim, ser uma ferramenta didática e que contribui para a geoconservação.
Galectins: a potential pharmacological target
Authors: Serebryakova V. A. , Vaizova O. E. , Golovina E. L. , Kochubey V. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To consider the use of galectin-1 and galectin-3 inhibitors as potential pharmacological targets in antitumor and antifibrotic therapy.

The lecture includes the analysis of experimental research and review articles presented in the PubMed database. A brief description of the structure of galectins is given. Their generally accepted classification and features of the structure of the carbohydrate recognition domain in galectin-1 and galectin-3 are presented. The main part of the lecture describes the results of research on the development of carbohydrate-based (β-galactoside derivatives or analogues) and non-carbohydrate-based (peptide-based, carboxamide derivatives) inhibitors capable of interacting with galectin-1 and galectin-3.

The results of experiments performed on animal models and tumor cell cultures demonstrate that the antitumor effect of galectin antagonists is realized through the suppression of proliferation and metastasis, activation of tumor cell apoptosis, and modulation of the antitumor immune response. Antagonists of galectin-1 and galectin-3 potentiate the effect of antitumor drugs and have an antifibrotic effect. Some of the compounds discussed in the lecture are undergoing clinical trials. The data presented in the lecture open up opportunities for the development and synthesis of new molecules of potential galectin-1 and 3 inhibitors.
Analgesic activity of a new cannabinoid CB1 receptor modulator
Authors: Gurkin N. V. , Bykov V. V. , Bykova A. V. , Motov V. S. , Larchenko V. V. , Il’ina I. V. , Khazanov V. A. , Volcho K. P. , Salakhutdinov N. F. , Vengerovskii A. I.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the analgesic activity, the effect on motor functions, and the potential ulcerogenic effect of a new 2H-chromene derivative, a cannabinoid CB1 receptor modulator (code name – CHR).

Materials and methods. The analgesic activity of the CHR compound was studied when injected intragastrically at an effective dose of 5 mg / kg in mouse models of acute chemogenic pain (formalin test), acute visceral pain (the acetic acid-induced writhing test), and thermal nociception (hot plate test and tail-flick test). It was compared to the effect of tramadol and morphine or diclofenac sodium at doses of 20, 4 or 10 mg / kg, respectively. The effect of a single intragastric injection of the CHR compound at a dose of 5 mg / kg on motor activity was evaluated in the open field test. The potential ulcerogenic effect of the CHR compound at a dose of 5 mg / kg with repeated intragastric administration was compared with the effect of diclofenac sodium at a dose of 10 mg / kg.

Results. With subplantar administration of formalin to mice, the 2H-chromene derivative reduced the number of pain reactions by 43–63% (p < 0.05). With intraperitoneal administration of acetic acid to mice, it reduced the number of writhing responses by 50% and had the same analgesic effect as diclofenac sodium and tramadol. In the hot plate test, the CHR compound increased the latency time to painful stimuli by 34% (p < 0.05). In the tailflick test, it increased the latency time to painful thermal sensations by 32% (p < 0.05). The CHR compound at an effective dose of 5 mg / kg did not change the motor activity of mice in the open field test and did not cause the formation of erosions and ulcers in the gastric mucosa when administered repeatedly to rats.

Conclusion. The 2H-chromene derivative CHR at an effective dose of 5 mg / kg has a pronounced analgesic effect in mouse models of chemogenic, visceral, and thermal pain, which is as strong as that of tramadol, morphine, and diclofenac sodium used at effective doses. The CHR compound at an effective dose does not inhibit motor functions and does not have an ulcerogenic effect.
Cardioprotective effect of lithium ascorbate in an in vivo model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Plotnikov E. V. , Chernov V. I. , Mukhomedzyanov A. V. , Maslov L. N. , Yusubov M. S. , Larkina M. S. , Artamonov A. A. , Belousov M. V.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the work was to study the cardioprotective effect of lithium ascorbate in an in vivo model of myocardial infarction. In the course of the study, we searched for compounds promising for therapy of acute myocardial infarction.

Materials and methods. Myocardial infarction was modeled in Wistar rats by ligating the left coronary artery (the duration of ischemia was 45 minutes) followed by ligature loosening and 120-minute reperfusion. All manipulations were performed under alpha-chloralose anesthesia with mechanical lung ventilation and recording heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG. Lithium ascorbate was administered intravenously at a dose of 100 mg / ml before ischemia. The area at risk (the ischemia / reperfusion zone) was detected by staining the myocardium with tightened ligature with 5% potassium permanganate. After that consecutive myocardial slices were prepared, and infarct size was determined. Differentiation of the infarct size from the area at risk was performed by staining with 1% 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride solution for 30 minutes at 37 ºC. The infarct size and the area at risk were determined by the planimetric method. The serum concentration of myocardial damage marker creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) was measured using ELISA kits.

Results. Lithium ascorbate reduced the infarct size / area at risk ratio by 38% and decreased the serum CPKMB level in the experimental animals by 42% compared to the control group. Lithium ascorbate did not affect hemodynamics parameters during coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion.

Conclusion. The cardioprotective effect of lithium ascorbate in cardiac ischemia / reperfusion in vivo was found.
The effect of a new 3-hydroxypyridine derivative LHT-2-20 on free radical oxidation in experimental periodontitis
Authors: Poryadin G. V. , Zakhvatov A. N. , Yasnetsov V. V. , Skachilova S. Ya. , Khaydar D. A. , Tarasova T. V. , Zakharkin I. A. , Parshina A. Yu. , Simakina E. A.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the effect of a new complex compound LHT-2-20 (2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-2-(3benzoyl phenyl)-propanoate) on free radical oxidation in experimental periodontitis.

Materials and methods. The experimental study was performed on 195 white mongrel mice weighing 19–23 g and 137 white mongrel rats weighing 180–220 g. The effect of a new complex compound LHT-2-20 (2-ethyl-6methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-2-(3-benzoyl phenyl)-propanoate) on the intensity of free radical oxidation and the local state of periodontal tissues during a course of intragastric administration was studied on the experimental model of periodontitis. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the SPSS Statistics 20.0 software package with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the parametric Tukey’s test.

Results. The LHT-2-20 compound reduced elevated levels of primary and secondary lipoperoxidation products (conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde in plasma and in erythrocytes during spontaneous and iron-induced oxidation) already at the early stages of the experiment, bringing the studied parameters closer to the reference values by the end of the course of treatment. The use of the compound LHT-2-20 contributed to an increase in the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase), normalizing them to baseline values by the end of the experiment. With the correction of free radical processes, the use of LHT-2-20 limited the local inflammatory response in periodontal tissues, which was confirmed by a decrease in gingival edema and hyperemia, bleeding, depth of periodontal pockets, and tooth mobility.

Conclusion. The results of this study confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound and the multiplicity of its effects due to the impact on the mechanisms of oxidative stress. The expediency of further study of the drug is justified by the prospect of creating a new drug and its subsequent wide clinical application as part of the complex therapy of periodontal inflammation.
Beta-adrenergic reactivity of erythrocyte membranes in adolescents with supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias before and after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Rebrova Т. Yu. , Perevoznikova Yu. E. , Muslimova E. F. , Svintsova L. I. , Afanasiev S. A. , Dzhaffarova O. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate β-adrenergic reactivity of erythrocyte membranes (β-ARM) in adolescents with ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias before and after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of heart rhythm disturbances.

Materials and methods. The study included 49 adolescents aged 11–17 years, of which 15 had Wolff – Parkinson – White pattern (WPW), 13 – WPW syndrome, 10 – atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), and 11 – ventricular arrhythmia (VA). The control group consisted of 11 adolescents without cardiovascular pathology. All patients received surgical treatment for heart rhythm disturbances (HRD) using RFA. In patients with HRD, β-ARM was determined by a set of reagents BETA-ARM AGAT (AGAT LLC, Russia) before RFA and 3 days after it. In the control group, the parameter was determined at the stage of inclusion in the study.

Results. In adolescents with supraventricular arrhythmias, median values of β-ARM did not differ significantly from the control group. RFA in adolescents in these groups did not affect the value of β-ARM on day 3 after the surgery. In adolescents with VA, the median value of β-ARM was initially higher than in the control group (p = 0.026). On day 3 after RFA, an increase in β-ARM was noted in this group (p = 0.028) compared to baseline values.

Conclusion. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of VA in adolescence. The study showed the possibility of using β-ARM to assess the state of the sympathetic nervous system in patients with methodological limitations in analyzing heart rate variability.
Commitment to Place as Motivation for Citizen-Based Watershed Collaboration: BIMBY Effect
Authors: Weber Sindhu , Morris John C. , Krawczyk Kelly Ann , Diaz-Kope Luisa
Published: October 2024

A growing literature in citizen-based collaboration extols the many virtues of collaboration to address complex public problems. Little attention has been paid, however, to the underlying motivation for citizen participation. Drawn from three case studies of citizen-based environmental collaborations, this paper examines the motivations of citizens to engage in collaboration. The research suggests that a longstanding commitment to “place” is an important driver for collaboration. The findings of this paper can assist citizen-based environmental collaborative groups to identify ways to more effectively engage citizens in local collaborative efforts.
Method of Detecting Liquid Meniscus in Capillary Using Ultraviolet Sensor
Authors: Mirgorodskaya A. V. , Dunaev A. Yu. , Neklyudova A. A.
Published: October 2024

The accuracy of determining the physical and chemical properties of a liquid, in particular, assessing the viscosity of the liquid used, is considered an important technical problem in medicine, food, oil, chemical industries, as well as in other areas that determine the quality and safety of human life and activity. For example, assessing the viscosity of the liquid used is a key stage in the design of hydraulic systems. Today, the improvement of methods for determining the viscosity of a liquid is on the path to automation (digitalization) of measurement instruments and methods. In this area, the activities of metrologists and engineers are consistent with the national program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation» adopted in 2017. The article discusses the capillary method for determining the kinematic viscosity of a liquid as the most accurate of all possible methods at present. The method is based on determining the time of liquid flow between two marks, which are applied to the walls of a glass capillary viscometer forming a measuring tank. One of the main problems of this method is that all stages of measurement are performed by a person, even recording the moment when the liquid meniscus crosses the mark, which is a violation of one of the key principles of process automation – independence of execution, which only implies monitoring the operation of the system. Since ready-made solutions do not fit the laboratory’s measurement tasks, the management decided to develop and conduct a study of an information and measuring system that will carry out the process of detecting the liquid meniscus at the mark level, as well as recalculate the measured time interval into the kinematic viscosity value. The key decision in this development is the choice of a sensor for detecting the liquid meniscus. Based on the literature review, it was decided to use a photoelectric sensor. A study of the transmission spectra of liquids used in this method was conducted to select the wavelength at which the sensor will operate. Thus, a type of photoelectric sensor designed to operate in the UV range has been selected to automate the method of detecting the liquid meniscus when it crosses a mark applied to a capillary tube. The article is addressed to metrologists who perform verification and calibration of glass capillary viscometers, specialists in the field of experimental and theoretical viscometry. The method proposed by the authors can become the basis for further improvement of the method for measuring the kinematic viscosity of a liquid.
Tensile Properties of Ex-Situ Ti-TiC Metal Matrix Composites Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Bernard Gaëtan , Pejchal Vaclav , Sereda Olha , Logé Roland E.
Published: October 2024

Titanium-based Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) manufactured by additive manufacturing offer tremendous lightweighting opportunities. However, processing the high reinforcement contents needed to substantially improve elastic modulus while conserving significant ductility remains a challenge. Ti-TiC MMCs fabricated in this study report fracture strains in tension up to 1.7% for a Young’s modulus of 149 GPa. This fracture strain is 30% higher than previously reported values for Ti-based MMCs produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) displaying similar Young’s moduli. The heat treatment used after the LPBF process leads to the doubling of the fracture strain due to the conversion of TiCx dendrites into equiaxed TiCx grains. As-built microstructure shows both un-dissolved TiC particles and sub-stoichiometric TiC dendrites resulting from a partial dissolution of TiC particles. Reduction of the C/Ti ratio in TiC during the process results in an increase in the reinforcement content, from a nominal 12 vol% to an effective 21.5 vol%. The variation of the TiC lattice constant with its stoichiometry is measured, and an empirical expression is proposed for its effect on TiC’s Young’s modulus. The lower TiC initial powder size distribution displayed the best mechanical performance.
Modeling the Production Process of Lignin Nanoparticles through Anti-Solvent Precipitation for Properties Prediction in Industrial Perspective
Authors: Victor Girard , Marchal-Heussler Laurent , Chapuis Hubert , Brosse Nicolas , Canilho Nadia , Ziegler-Devin Isabelle
Published: October 2024

Global warming has recently intensified research interest in renewable polymer chemistry, with significant attention directed towards lignin nanoparticle (LNPs) synthesis. Despite progress, LNPs industrial application faces challenges: (1) reliance on kraft lignin from declining raw biomass processes, (2) sulfur-rich, and condensed lignin use, (3) complex lignin macroparticles to LNPs conversion, using harmful and toxic solvents, and above all (4) lack of control over the LNPs production process (i.e., anti-solvent precipitation parameters), resulting in excessive variability in properties. In this work, eco-friendly LNPs with tailored properties were produced from a semi-industrial organosolv process by studying anti-solvent precipitation variables. Using first a parametric and then a Fractional Factorial Design, predictions of LNPs size and size distribution as well as zeta-potential were derived from a model over beech by-products organosolv lignin, depending on initial lignin concentration (x1, g/L), solvent flow rate (x2, ml/min), antisolvent composition (x3, H2O/EtOH v/v), antisolvent ratio (x4, solvent/antisolvent v/v) and antisolvent stirring speed (x5, rpm). This novel chemical engineering approach holds promise for overcoming the challenges inherent in industrial lignin nanoparticle production, thereby accelerating the valorization of lignin biopolymers for high value-added applications such as cosmetics (sunscreen or emulsion) and medicine (encapsulation, nanocarriers), a process currently constrained by significant limitations.
Research on Enterprise Risk Decision Support System Optimization based on Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Gong Chenwei , Lin Yuzhen , Cao Jinming , Wang Jun
Published: October 2024

Since the advent of artificial intelligence, it has not only transformed the way we live, but is also accelerating the transformation of production methods. Machine learning is a pivotal technology that endows computers with intelligence. The primary driving force behind its advancement is the pursuit of rapid and precise knowledge acquisition. Nevertheless, the existing enterprise risk decision support system is inadequate in terms of both timeliness and effectiveness when confronted with the task of analysing vast quantities of data. Furthermore, it lacks the capacity to assimilate the expertise of managers and to facilitate interaction in an intuitive manner.By combining a variety of machine learning models, the ensemble learning method effectively leverages the advantages of different algorithms, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of risk prediction. Each model provides a unique perspective and decision-making boundaries when dealing with complex enterprise risk data, but a single model may not be adequate when faced with a particular data set or a particular type of risk. The ensemble method overcomes the problem of bias or overfitting that may be caused by a single model by combining the prediction results of multiple models, so as to obtain a more robust prediction effect. These methods optimize the final prediction results based on how well they perform during training by giving different weights to each model. This convergence strategy significantly improves the accuracy of enterprise risk assessment and helps to provide decision-makers with more reliable data support to make more informed risk management decisions in complex business environments.
MDM2 is a Promising Synthetic Lethal Candidate for ARID1A‐Mutated Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Maehana Tomoka , Kawahara Naoki , Nishikawa Kyohei , Matsuoka Motoki , Yamanaka Shoichiro , Yamada Yuki , Kawaguchi Ryuji , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Kimura Fuminori
Published: October 2024

Background: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a type of ovarian cancer with a poor prognosis if detected in the progressive stage since there is less effective chemotherapy. Recent advancements in molecular-targeted drugs have not substantially affected OCCC treatment. Therefore, we explored the potential of targeting MDM2 in OCCC cells. Methods: We used TOV-21G and KOC7c cells as the ARID1A mutant-type, and RMG-I and ES2 cells as the ARID1A wild-type. Then, we performed small interfering library screening, Western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, time-lapse cell proliferation assessment, and DNA damage assessment. Next, to generate murine intraperitoneal tumors, 7.5 × 106 TOV-21G cells in 200 μL of phosphate-buffered saline were injected subcutaneously into the intraperitoneum in 5–6-week-old athymic nude mice. Results: Using various cell lines with ARID1A mutations or without mutation, the results showed that the interference of MDM2 effectively reduced cell proliferation in ARID1A-mutant cells but not in ARID1A wild-type cells. Additionally, interference with ARID1A against ARID1A wild strains reproduced susceptibility to MDM2 interference. In vivo experiments demonstrated that nutlin-3, an MDM2 inhibitor, significantly suppressed tumor growth in the ovarian cancer mouse model.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that targeting MDM2 may be a viable strategy for the treat-ment of ARID1A-mutated OCCC, offering a new therapeutic approach for this challenging type of cancer.
Problem‐Based Learning: A Fundamental Pillar for the Training of Competent Physicians
Authors: Sánchez Redrobán José , Romero Durán Vanessa
Published: October 2024

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has emerged as an innovative and effective pedagogical methodology in medical education. This student-centered approach promotes the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and self-directed learning skills, essential for the training of competent physicians. This article explores the theoretical foundations of PBL, its implementation methodology, and the benefits it offers to medical students as well as to the quality of medical care. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of experiences in different contexts, the importance of PBL as a tool to improve medical training is highlighted and recommendations are offered for its effective implementation.
Seismic Vulnerability of Florence, Italy
Authors: Paoletti Barbara , Tanganelli Marco , Viti Stefania
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the assessment of damage scenarios of urban communities has become one of the central themes in local government policies, aimed at promoting effective seismic risk mitigation and improving the efficiency of rescue systems to manage emergencies. In Italy, the seismic hazard has become a topic issue since the 1982 Irpinia earthquake, and several ventures have been promoted to face the seismic mitigation of complex residential districts. The objective of this research is to define the damage scenarios of the city of Florence, where 97% of the building stock is designed without anti-seismic prescriptions. The urban vulnerability of Florence has been assessed on the basis of the current approaches available in technical literature, and it has been combined with the knowledge provided by the recent investigation on the subsoil. Once the possible damage scenarios have been defined, the resilience of the area has been determined and the population involved in the evacuation has been estimated.
Characterizing Bloodstream Infections in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Sannathimmappa Mohan Bilikallahalli , Aravindakshan Rajeev , Nambiar Vinod , Ahmed Walaa Abdelmoeiz , Al Mazroey Layan Salim , Al-Gazali Amjad Mohammed , Alhooti Alrayan Hamood , Alhasani Arwa Basim , Al Blushi Hind Yousuf Abdullah , Risi Elham Said Ahmed AL , Al Maqbali Salima
Published: October 2024

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a major health risk to hemodialysis patients, significantly contributing to morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify the bacterial pathogens responsible for BSIs in this population, analyze clinical and laboratory profiles, and identify risk factors associated with poor outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Sohar Hospital, Oman, analyzing cases from January 2018 to December 2022. Data were obtained from e-health records, focusing on patient demographics, bacterial etiology, antibiotic susceptibility, and clinical outcomes. Statistical analysis included t-tests, Mann-Whitney tests, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests, with univariate odds ratios calculated for mortality associations using the R package GTSUMMARY.
Results: Among 1332 hemodialysis patients, 148 (11.1%) developed a BSI, with an average age of 60.43±14.46 years. Infections were more common among females (54%) and those over 60 years. The predominant comorbidities were hypertension (86%) and diabetes mellitus (74%). The main causative agents were coagulase-negative staphylococci (29.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.8%). Gram-negative bacteria showed high susceptibility (80-100%) to carbapenems and piperacillin-tazobactam, while Gram-positive bacteria exhibited 80-100% susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and universal sensitivity to linezolid and vancomycin.
Conclusions: BSIs in hemodialysis patients at Sohar Hospital are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, underscoring the need for prompt empirical antibiotic therapy and targeted treatment adjustments based on culture results. This study highlights critical mortality-associated factors, offering valuable insights for improving patient management and survival outcomes in this vulnerable population.
The Effect of Different Carrier Frequencies in Binaural Beats on the Relative Power of Gamma, Alpha, and Theta Frequency Bands in Healthy People
Authors: Younessi Hamid , Abharian Payman Hassani , Tajik Sima , Namdar Somayeh
Published: October 2024

Binaural beats are an acoustic-based form of brain stimulation that relies on engineering and neurophysiological principles. One important engineering factor in binaural beat stimulation is the carrier frequency Given the limited information available on the impact of carrier frequencies, our research aims to explore how carrier frequencies of 250 Hz and 400 Hz in binaural beats affect the theta, alpha, and gamma frequency bands in healthy individuals. The research involved 30 people between the ages of 20 and 30. It was conducted as a single-group comparative study. Prior to the test, brain maps were created for the participants. Based on these brain maps and the participants' resilience, various binaural beats with different carrier frequencies were played while the participants sat quietly in a chair and looked ahead. Their brain waves were then recorded. The results showed: 1- The relative power of the gamma frequency band changed significantly between the carrier frequencies of 250 and 400. However, there were no significant changes in the relative power of the alpha band, and no changes were observed in the theta frequency band. 2- Based on the principle of theta-gamma coupling in the theta frequency band, there have been positive changes in the gamma frequency band at the carrier frequency of 255 compared to 405. 3- The brain's topography map has shown changes at different carrier frequencies. The results indicate that as the carrier frequency increases, the energy also increases, but it must be proportional to the frequency band based on the energy equation between the carrier frequency and the frequency band. Based on the brain topography map, the carrier frequency mainly affects the intensity and extent of the involved areas.
DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation Contribute to the Maintenance of LTP in the Withdrawal Behavior Interneurons in Terrestrial Snails
Authors: Zuzina Alena , Kolotova Daria , Balaban Pavel
Published: October 2024

Accumulated data indicate that epigenetic regulations, including histone modifications and DNA methylation, are important means for adjusting genes’ expression in response to various stimuli. In contrast to the success in studying the role of DNA methylation in laboratory rodents, the role of DNA methylation in terrestrial snail Helix lucorum has been studied only in behavioral experiments. This prompted us to further investigate the role of DNA methylation and the interaction between DNA methylation and histone acetylation in the mechanisms of neuroplasticity in terrestrial snails using in vitro experiments. Dysregulation of DNA methylation by DNMT inhibitor RG108 suppressed significantly the long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic inputs in identified neurons. We then tested whether the RG108-induced weakening of potentiation will be rescued under co-application of histone deacetylase inhibitors sodium butyrate or trichostatin A. RG108-induced LTP deficiency was significantly compensated by increased histone acetylation. These data bring important insight to the functional role of DNA methylation as an important regulatory mechanism and a necessary condition for the development and maintenance of long-term synaptic changes in withdrawal interneurons of terrestrial snails. Moreover, these results support the idea of the interaction of DNA methylation and histone acetylation in the epigenetic regulation of synaptic plasticity.
The Mechanistic Link Between Tau-Driven Proteotoxic Stress and Cellular Senescence in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tangavelou Karthikeyan , Bhaskar Kiran
Published: October 2024

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau dissociates from microtubules (MTs) due to hyperphosphorylation and misfolded. It is degraded by various mechanisms, including the 20S proteasome, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), 26S proteasome, macroautophagy, and aggrephagy. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) form upon impairment of aggrephagy, and eventually, the ubiquitin chaperone valosin-containing protein (VCP) and heat shock 70 kDa protein (HSP70) are recruited to the sites of NFTs for extraction of tau for the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-mediated degradation. However, impairment of tau degradation in neurons allows tau to be secreted into the extracellular space. Secreted tau can be monomers, oligomers, and paired helical filaments (PHFs), which are seeding competent pathological tau that can be endocytosed/phagocytosed by healthy neurons, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes, often causing proteotoxic stress, and eventually triggers senescence. Senescent cells secrete various senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, which trigger cellular atrophy, causing decreased brain volume in human AD. However, the molecular mechanisms of proteotoxic stress and cellular senescence are not entirely understood and are an emerging area of research. Therefore, this comprehensive review summarizes pertinent studies that provided evidence for the sequential tau degradation, failure, and the mechanistic link between tau-driven proteotoxic stress and cellular senescence in AD.
Impact of Building Orientation on Energy Performance of Residential Buildings in Various Cities Across Afghanistan
Authors: Karimi Mustafa , Chikamoto Tomoyuki , Lee Myonghyang , Tanaka Teppei
Published: October 2024

Building or solar orientation, a key architectural design parameter, significantly influences energy consumption in buildings. Optimizing building orientation to harness passive solar benefits is a fundamental and cost-effective measure in designing energy-efficient buildings. The optimal orientation, however, varies with the geographical location, climatic conditions, and building type. Notably, Afghanistan’s building sector lack tailored energy efficiency regulations. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of building orientation on the energy performance of residential buildings across nine cities in Afghanistan, each characterized by distinct climatic conditions and geographic locations, employing BEoptTM energy simulation software. The findings reveal diverse optimal orientations, dividing the country into three distinct climatic zones: subarctic, continental, and hot arid, offering potential energy savings ranging from 25.6% to 48.9% compared to the least efficient orientations. These insights are crucial for formulating standardized building regulations in Afghanistan, emphasizing location-specific design approaches. This research also has implications for urban planning decisions that promote sustainable built environment.
Transvaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (vNOTES) for Early-Stage Ovarian Cancer and Borderline Ovarian Tumors: A Case Series
Authors: Kellerhals Gaétan , Nef James , Hurni Yannick , Huber Daniela Emanuela
Published: October 2024

Surgical approaches for ovarian cancer have advanced significantly in recent years. Transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is an emerging technique in gyneco-logical oncology, with limited reports of its use in ovarian cancer management. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of vNOTES for the surgical staging of early-stage adnexal malignancies. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and early-stage ovarian cancer surgically staged using vNOTES at our institution between October 2021 and August 2024. Results: Eleven patients were included, 7 with ear-ly-stage ovarian or tubal cancer and 4 with BOTs. The median age was 47 (27 – 81) years, and the median body mass index was 28.1 (22.4 – 39.2) Kg/m². Complete vNOTES staging was achieved in all cases, including peritoneal washing, unilateral/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, ab-dominal cavity inspection, peritoneal biopsies, infracolic omentectomy, and total hysterectomy when required. The median operating time was 70 (35 – 138) minutes, with a median blood loss of 50 (10 – 100) mL. No intraoperative complications occurred except for one case of minor ovar-ian spillage. No conversions to laparoscopy or laparotomy were needed. Postoperative compli-cations included one surgical site infection (9.1%) and two cases of postoperative cystitis (18.2%). No severe complications graded ≥3 on the Clavien-Dindo classification were observed. Conclu-sion: vNOTES appears to be a feasible and safe approach for the surgical staging of selected pa-tients with early stage adnexal malignancies. Further studies are needed to validate its long-term safety and oncological outcomes.