bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Chatbots Ever Provide More Social Connection Than Humans?
Authors: Folk Dunigan , Yu Stephanie , Dunn Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

Around the world, hundreds of millions of people have used social chatbots designed to provide companionship to their users. But can people reap genuine social benefits from interacting with chatbots? In Studies 1a&b (pre-registered; N=801), participants shared good news with a supportive or less supportive interaction partner whom they believed was either a chatbot or a human. Participants’ feelings following the interaction were influenced by their partner’s response style, but not by whether their partner was human. In Study 2 (pre-registered, N=201), participants derived more social connection from having a supportive conversation with ChatGPT than with a less supportive human. In a final pre-registered study (Study 3; N=401), we identified an important boundary condition, demonstrating that the relative benefits of interacting with chatbots (vs. humans) may be reduced when they claim too much humanity.
Tethered balloon measurements reveal enhanced aerosol occurrence aloft interacting with Arctic low-level clouds
Authors: Pilz Christian , Cassano John J. , de Boer Gijs , Kirbus Benjamin , Lonardi Michael , Pöhlker Mira , Shupe Matthew D. , Siebert Holger , Wendisch Manfred , Wehner Birgit
Published: May 2024

Low-level clouds in the Arctic affect the surface energy budget and vertical transport of heat and moisture. The limited availability of cloud-droplet-forming aerosol particles strongly impacts cloud properties and lifetime. Vertical particle distributions are required to study aerosol–cloud interaction over sea ice comprehensively. This article presents vertically resolved measurements of aerosol particle number concentrations and sizes using tethered balloons. The data were collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate expedition in the summer of 2020. Thirty-four profiles of aerosol particle number concentration were observed in 2 particle size ranges: 12–150 nm (N12−150) and above 150 nm (N>150). Concurrent balloon-borne meteorological measurements provided context for the continuous profiles through the cloudy atmospheric boundary layer. Radiosoundings, cloud remote sensing data, and 5-day back trajectories supplemented the analysis. The majority of aerosol profiles showed more particles above the lowest temperature inversion, on average, double the number concentration compared to below. Increased N12−150 up to 3,000 cm−3 were observed in the free troposphere above low-level clouds related to secondary particle formation. Long-range transport of pollution increased N>150 to 310 cm−3 in a warm, moist air mass. Droplet activation inside clouds caused reductions of N>150 by up to 100%, while the decrease in N12−150 was less than 50%. When low-level clouds were thermodynamically coupled with the surface, profiles showed 5 times higher values of N12−150 in the free troposphere than below the cloud-capping temperature inversion. Enhanced N12−150 and N>150 interacting with clouds were advected above the lowest inversion from beyond the sea ice edge when clouds were decoupled from the surface. Vertically discontinuous aerosol profiles below decoupled clouds suggest that particles emitted at the surface are not transported to clouds in these conditions. It is concluded that the cloud-surface coupling state and free tropospheric particle abundance are crucial when assessing the aerosol budget for Arctic low-level clouds over sea ice.
Environmental controls and phenology of sea ice algal growth in a future Arctic
Authors: Haddon Antoine , Farnole Patrick , Monahan Adam H. , Sou Tessa , Steiner Nadja
Published: May 2024

The future of Arctic sea ice algae is examined using a regional ocean and sea ice biogeochemical model, with a simulation from 1980 to 2085, considering a future scenario with strong warming. To analyze the impacts of climate change, we computed key dates in the development of sympagic blooms, corresponding to the occurrence of specific growth conditions, and designed diagnostics of ice algal phenology to estimate the onset and peak of blooms. These diagnostics help understand how the timing of light and nutrient availability governs the growth of ice algae and how environmental controls will be altered by climate change across regions. With thinner ice, photosynthetically active radiation in bottom ice will reach levels sufficient for growth earlier, resulting in a better synchrony of high levels of light and nutrients. Increases in snow cover can potentially offset the effect of thinner ice, leading to shorter periods of favorable growth conditions in certain regions. The loss of sea ice cover before the late 21st century only impacts sympagic blooms at lower latitudes, as the timing of sea ice break-up shows little change relative to other key dates at higher latitudes. In response to climate change, the model simulates a modified spatial distribution of blooms, with the emergence of highly productive areas and the loss of blooms in other regions. However, the changes in the timing of growth conditions do not substantially alter the timing of blooms, and both onset and peak ice algae see little change. The simulated lack of sensitivity of bloom onset is attributed to the delay in sea ice freeze-up projected by the model, causing a reduction of overwintering ice algae. The resulting lower initial biomass at the beginning of spring then causes a delay in the development of blooms, offsetting earlier light from thinner ice.
Listing Butterflies
Authors: Sakurai Ayako
Published: May 2024

Conventionally, specimen dealers’ business publications have not been discussed in the same light as their academic writing. The present study, however, examines the catalogs of butterfly specimens issued by the company Dr. O. Staudinger & A. Bang-Haas to elucidate the latent dynamics that shaped intellectual discourse and commercial ventures. By the end of the nineteenth century, the pricing by Staudinger & Bang-Haas was widely accepted as the benchmark within the German entomological community. The company’s exclusive control over the entomological market had two outcomes. First, the establishment of standard prices facilitated the global circulation of specimens by providing a convenient tool to assess the marketability of butterflies. It convinced entrepreneurs in faraway regions of the prospects of collecting for the transnational supply chain of natural history. This was the case for Meiji Japan (1868–1912), where the business opportunity presented by the price margins between Japan and Europe lured ambitious local entrepreneurs into the trade. Second, Staudinger’s price lists effectively conjured epistemic authority from his market position. The company’s catalogs and the dealer’s academic publications, sharing the same readership, worked in tandem to create a school in systematics. The absence of a unified system of classification, the proliferation of taxonomic novelties, the heavy selling of specimens collected from far and wide, all worked in favor of the catalogs. Their readers put the company’s commercial prints on a par with Staudinger’s academic publications, enabling him to sustain his epistemic authority through his privileged access to this alternative channel of communication.
La tributación ambiental en Guatemala
Authors: Menéndez Ochoa Ángel Estuardo
Published: May 2024

Las sociedades modernas están evolucionando en cuanto a la utilización del Derecho Tributario no solo para fines recaudatorios, sino para lograr la protección de bienes jurídicos que, en muchos casos, su protección es ordenada en las normas constitucionales de estas sociedades. Sobre ello indica Ortega (2005):
Que el Derecho tributario puede también tener una finalidad la protección social y procuración de seguridad ante los nuevos peligros, es indudable que debe manejar nuevos conceptos, tal es el caso del concepto de «bien jurídico protegido» que se postula tanto en el Derecho penal, como en Derecho administrativo sancionador…la estructura del hecho imponible habrá de construirse teniendo en cuenta, en primer lugar, la protección de esos bienes jurídicos y sólo secundariamente en función de otros fines. Igualmente, los criterios de cuantificación del tributo deben ser acordes con ese propósito de «disuasión» o «desincentivación» de conductas lesivas y peligrosas, y no considerar preferentemente la capacidad económica de los particulares. 
 
Indica Ingunza (2009), que:
Desde que hemos existido como humanidad, se ha venido alterando los ecosistemas, pero desde que se inició la Era Industrial, la escala de esas alteraciones ha sido cada vez mayor debido, en particular, al crecimiento demográfico, al creciente consumo de energía, la intensidad del uso del suelo, y al desempeño de otras actividades humanas que han ido lacerando al planeta cuyo resultado es la acumulación de calor. 
 
Una breve referencia al surgimiento del movimiento que resaltaba la importancia de la protección del medio ambiente, Küng (2000) indica:
Surgieron en los años setenta los primeros Verdes, que pusieron la ecología en el centro de su programa y exigieron una transformación radical de la sociedad industrial, los partidos establecidos adoptaron una actitud de rechazo, lo que condujo a que en 1980 se formara el partido de “los Verdes”, que, con valores fundamentales como “ecológico-social, democracia de base, no violencia”. Ellos son expresión del cambio de paradigma, de modernidad a una posmodernidad no dispuesta ya a hacer de la naturaleza simple mercancía.
UZLAŞTIRMACININ UYMAKLA YÜKÜMLÜ OLDUĞU ETİK İLKELER
Authors: Aşkın Uğur , Yeğrim Korhan
Published: May 2024

Uzlaştırmacı, şüpheli veya sanık ile mağdur ya da suçtan zarar gören arasındaki uzlaştırma müzakerelerini yöneten, Cumhuriyet savcısının onayıyla görevlendirilen avukat veya hukuk öğrenimi görmüş kişidir. Bu görevi üstlenen kişilerin uyması gereken etik ilkeler Ceza Muhakemesinde Uzlaştırma Yönetmeliği’nin 6’ncı maddesinde düzenlenmektedir. Burada sayılan ilkelere uzlaştırmacıların görevlerini yerine getirirken uymaları zorunludur. Aksi hal uzlaştırmacının cezai, hukuki ve disiplin sorumluluğunu gerektirebilir.
Uzlaştırmacının uymakla yükümlü olduğu etik ilkeler; bağımsızlık ve tarafsızlık, görevini zamanında, etkin, verimli ve dürüstlük kurallarına uygun bir şekilde yerine getirme, taraflara saygılı ve nazik davranma, önyargılı olmama ve eşit davranma, tarafların vekili ya da müdafiliğini üstlenmeme, menfaat temin etmeme, kişilerin adalete olan inancını ve görevin itibarını koruma sorumluluğu şeklindedir. Etik ilkeler, uzlaştırma sürecinin başarılı şekilde sonuçlanmasını ve uzlaşmadan beklenen faydanın sağlanmasını temin eder.
Effects of treatment application rates (fym and gypsum) on selected chemical properties of saline sodic soils under water limited condition in eastern lowlands Ethiopia
Authors: Adane Assefa , Gebrekidan Heluf , Kibret Kibebew
Published: May 2024

A laboratory incubation experiment was carried out on saline sodic soils collected from Babile, Eastern Ethiopia to evaluate and compare the potentials of gypsum and farm yard manure (FYM) treatments for the reclamation of saline sodic soils. The treatment tested consisted of combination of six rates of gypsum (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% gypsum requirement) and four rates of farmyard manure (0, 10, 20 and 30 tons FYM ha-1) in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated three times. Results revealed that sole and combined application of treatments significantly (P<0.001) improved soil pH, electrical conductivity saturated paste (ECe) and ESP over the control. Maximum reduction in soil pH (14.14%), ECe (48.99%) and ESP (16.20) recorded in soils treated with combined 30 tons FYM ha-1 and gypsum (125% GR) treatments. Furthermore, soils treated with sole application of gypsum at higher rates (50, 75,100 and 125% GR) achieved significantly higher reduction in soil pH, ECe and ESP than sole application of FYM. However, combined applications of FYM and gypsum were relatively more efficient than either one alone in removing exchangeable Na under condition of water limitation for dissolution. Hence, it may be concluded that all combinations of 20 and 30 tons FYM ha-1 with gypsum (50, 75,100 and 125% GR) rates reduced the soil pH, EC and ESP to agricultural permissible level.
Governance and decentralization of forest management in the construction of public policies: process applied to amapá and sergipe – Brazil
Authors: Sá Rocha José das Dores de , Silva José de Arimatéa , Paupitz Julio
Published: May 2024

Forest governance, now in vogue, has been touted by the debate on decentralization. In Brazil, these processes are in progress, coalescing and coming to constitute an important agenda of policy makers, social actors and the academy. This agenda is aimed at harmonizing quality improvement aspirations of living with the support capabilities of the different forest ecosystems. However, the mediation of social demands regarding conservation and use of forest resources is differently expressed and in conflicting hues in the three spheres of government, due to the decentralization of forest management process. Thus, this work presents a process applied in mediating such type of conflict via construction of forest policies in the states of Amapá and Sergipe, located in the Amazon and Semi-Arid Brazil, respectively. The method applied within the forest policy process integrates and complements theories, methods and techniques to articulate forest functions, state functions in forestry, forest policy fundamentals, social demands, and organizational management. The final construction allowed to adjust to the social demands of forest ecosystems carrying capacities and to align them with organizational management, to provide conditions of effectiveness for the implementation of decentralization and strengthening of forest governance.
Multiple ebola virus transmission events: evidence from African countries
Authors: Selmi Nadhem
Published: May 2024

In order to analyze the effects of the numbers of deaths caused by the Ebola virus volatility changes on the stability of the West African countries, we study the outbreak Ebola virus which took place in March 3, 2014 and ends in February 02, 2015. To do this, we have based our analytical approach on the analysis of the GARCH models. We used the EGARCH process to detect the asymmetric effect of volatility. To examine the international transmission of this volatility we employed the multivariate GARCH-BEKK model. The results we have found show that there is consistent evidence of volatility changes in epidemic Ebola virus period; and shocks have permanent and asymmetric effects on volatility of the west African countries. However, we can also conclude that the correlations between numbers of deaths have significantly increased during the crisis period and this confirms that the Guinean Ebola virus is transmitted between different countries which prove the contagion phenomenon. The results we have found shows that over the full sample period shocks have permanent and asymmetric effects on volatility.
How old is too old to fight in boxing?
Authors: K Sethi  Nitin
Published: May 2024

Professional boxing is a popular combat sport worldwide. It is a physically demanding sport, and professional boxers are usually in their mid to late 20’s. At around 35-years of age most boxers begin to show signs of physical decline. Boxers hence begin to retire from professional boxing around 35-years of age. Recently older combatants are entering the ring and cage to ply their trade. These are either former professional combatant who is choosing to come out of retirement or celebrities who are getting pitted against each other in exhibition boxing matches (popularly referred to as celebrity boxing). Many of these “combatants” are on the wrong side of 40, have little to no formal training in combat sports and poor physical conditioning. Boxing and MMA are referred to as combat sports. Neurological, orthopedic, and ophthalmological injuries are common. While some are life threatening others has the potential to cause lifelong disability. Boxers sometimes die in the ring due to acute traumatic subdural hematoma (SDH). Concern is hence raised for the health and wellbeing of these older athletes. Should an athlete above the age of 40 compete in professional boxing? How old is too old to fight in boxing?
Hysteroembryoscopy in repeated early pregnancy loss due to suspected thrombophilia
Authors: Tanos Vasilios
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The cause of a 1st trimester repeated pregnancy loss (RPL) under treatment with aspirin and /or heparin due to suspected thrombophilia was investigated. Using hystero-embryoscopy (HEpy) and embryo genetic analysis the embryo development was correlated to its karyotype. Patients and methods: Seventeen first trimester pregnant women recruited in the study. They all had a history of at least 2 consecutive 1st trimester recurrent miscarriages, underwent an investigation for the cause of RPL and diagnosed to suffer from hypercoagulation. Thromboprophylaxis was administrated in all 17 pregnant women during their next pregnancy, postulating that their past cause of miscarriage was due to a hypercoagulability state. Twelve patients had positive Anticardiolipin and /or Antiphospholipid antibodies and 5 patients had MTHFR high titers. Embryo autopsy was performed by hysteroscopy technique using 2.9mm – 5mm hysteroscopes, 5Fr graspers and scissors and normal saline as distending medium. The embryo morphology results were correlated with the genetic results and compared with the patients’ diagnosis and treatment during the last miscarriage. Results: HEpy revealed that in 11 out of 17 cases embryos had chromosomal abnormalities ensuring patients that the problem of their loss was not the followed treatment. In all 4 cases with decidua haematoma and umbilical cord defect patients received aspirin and LWMH, raising the possibility of anticoagulation overtreatment. Conclusion: In-situ autopsy of a miscarriage embryo can provide useful information regarding the morphology of the embryo, ruling out anatomical defects and collecting the embryo under direct vision anticipating an accurate embryo karyotyping. Embryoscopy results may assist to change the management of the next pregnancy in RPL cases and patients with hypercoagulability state.
The role of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) as second-line debulking in advanced ovarian cancer patients. A meta-analysis
Authors: Sofoudis Chrisostomos , Baltaga Ludmila , Delis Spiros
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Ovarian cancer, as a type of gynecological cancer with one of the highest morbidity and recurrence rates, has been the burning issue for modern research. With new therapeutic methods coming to light, the focus on the promising Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) has raised questions about its efficacy on patients’ overall survival (OS) and post-surgical quality of life. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed in order to estimate the role of HIPEC in advanced ovarian cancer, concentrating, among others, on the following quality of life. After thorough research on the PubMed and Cochrane databases, using the terms ‘HIPEC, ovarian cancer’, as well as decoding the results on the last decade, a total of nine articles were selected for this purpose. Results: Data decoding revealed a notorious improvement of OS of the cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus HIPEC versus the CRS arm at 1, 3, 4 and 5 years respectively; (OR 1.10; 95% CI, 0.85-1.43), (OR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.12-2.10), (OR 1.70; 95% CI, 1.03-2.81), (OR 1.22; 95% CI, 0.77-1.95). At 2 years, the collected data depicted a small worsening in OS (OR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70-1.19). Conclusion: HIPEC, in spite of its recent innovative nature, has already given positive signs for ovarian cancer therapeutic mapping. Objective of the conducted study focuses on investigating its reflection in advanced stages and recurrent ovarian cancer lesions, respectively.
The Role of the Public Sphere of Science in Fostering Public Trust in Science in Ukraine
Authors: KARMADONOVA T.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The war in Ukraine has created a challenging environment for scholarly research, as many researchers and institutions have found themselves in constrained conditions and resources. Furthermore, there has been a decline in public trust in institutions in Ukraine, including the scholarly community.Problem Statement. In Ukraine, public trust in science has been consistently low in recent years. This may have negative consequences for the development of science and technology in the country, as well as for public policy decisions that rely on scientifi c evidence. Therefore, there is a need to foster public trust in the science of Ukraine.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to identify the key tools and technologies of the public sphere of science, which can contribute to building trust in science among the Ukrainian public.Material and Methods. There have been used the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, structural, functional, system analysis, and integration.Results. The importance of the role of the public sphere of science in shaping public trust in scholarly research in Ukraine has been established. The main tools and technologies in the public sphere of science that can be used to engage the public and to enhance trust in science in Ukraine have been analyzed. The role of social media platforms, scientifi c webinars, scientifi c platforms, and scientifi c festivals in this process and their potential for engaging the public in scientifi c knowledge and research have been discussed.Conclusions. The importance of involving the public in scientifi c decision-making processes and engagement through organizing public discussions and debates has been concluded. Another crucial step is ensuring open access to scientifi c information and promoting greater transparency. Collaboration among research organizations, the public, the government, and other stakeholders is also vital to the development of eff ective scientifi c policies. The use of innovation technologies and digital tools facilitates interaction between science and the public. Ensuring access to scientifi c knowledge and scientifi c education contributes to increasing trust in science.
Gyorsan növekvő óriás solitaer fibrosus pleuratumor
Authors: Rózsavölgyi Zoltán , Andrási Katinka , Dóka Adrienn , Sápi Zoltán , Dezső Katalin , Farkas Attila
Published: May 2024

A pleura solitaer fibrosus tumora viszonylag ritkán előforduló, mesenchymalis
sejtekből kiinduló daganat. A legtöbb beteg még nagy tumorméret ellenére is
sokáig teljesen tünetmentes. Általában jóindulatú, ám gyakori a lokális
recidíva, így különösen fontos az ép széllel történő eltávolításuk. Esetünkben a
77 éves férfi beteget nehézlégzéses panaszok miatt készült mellkasi
röntgenfelvétel alapján szűrték ki. A mellkas-CT-vizsgálat egy jobb oldali,
rekesz fölötti, éles szélű, dorsalisan elhelyezkedő terimét írt le.
Transthoracalis ’core’ (vastagtű-) biopszia történt, mely igazolta a pleura
solitaer fibrosus tumorát. Műtét során egy 17 × 16 × 5 cm-es tumort in
toto sikerült eltávolítani. Az enyhe tünetekkel jelentkező betegek
mellkasröntgen-felvételén látott homogén, éles szélű elváltozások kapcsán
gondolni kell a solitaer fibrosus tumor lehetőségére. Mivel kialakulhat a
szövettanilag benignus solitaer fibrosus pleuratumor malignus transzformációja,
a műtét során teljes reszekcióra kell törekedni. A lokális recidíva lehetősége
miatt a beteg szoros klinikai és radiológiai utánkövetése javasolt. Orv Hetil.
2024; 165(19): 754–758.
A tartós videó-EEG-monitorozás szerepe a gyermekkori epilepsziák diagnosztikájában
Authors: Lőrincz-Molnár Tímea , Siegler Zsuzsa , Hegyi Márta , Jakus Rita , Bodó Tímea , Kormos Eszter , Fogarasi András
Published: May 2024

A videó-elektroencefalográfiás (EEG-) monitorozás kulcsfontosságú eszköz az
epilepsziaszindrómák diagnosztizálásában, illetve a különböző paroxysmalis
jelenségek differenciáldiagnosztikájában. Az EEG és a videó kombinálása lehetővé
teszi a klinikusok számára az agyi elektromos tevékenységben bekövetkező
változások és az azokat kísérő klinikai tünetek közötti összefüggés
felismerését, az észlelt rohamjelenség evolúciójának és szemiológiájának valós
idejű megfigyelését, a pontos diagnózis és az optimális kezelési terv
felállítását. A digitális technika fejlődésével párhuzamosan – jobb képi
felbontás, hosszabb felvételi időtartam, nagyobb adattároló kapacitás – a
videó-EEG-monitorozás érzékenysége és specifikussága is jelentősen nőtt,
hozzájárulva a diagnózisok pontosításához és a személyre szabott kezelési
stratégiák kidolgozásához az epilepsziás és más paroxysmalis neurológiai
tüneteket mutató betegek számára. A jelen összefoglaló áttekintést nyújt a
videó-EEG kiemelt jelentőségéről a gyermekkori epilepszia-kórképek
diagnosztikájában, az epilepsziás és a nem epilepsziás paroxysmalis jelenségek
megkülönböztetésében, valamint az idegsebészeti beavatkozások előtti
kivizsgálásban betöltött szerepéről. Tanulmányunkban bemutatjuk a kórházunk
videó-EEG-monitorozási egységében a gyermekkori epilepsziák és paroxysmalis
jelenségek kivizsgálásában összegyűlt, több mint két évtizedes eredményeket és
tapasztalatokat, alátámasztva a módszer jelentőségét a gyermekneurológiában. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(19): 722–726.
A poszttranszplantációs hypertonia kockázati tényezői veseátültetés után
Authors: Harsányi Márton , Manafzadeh Reza Amir , Keresztes Csilla , Seregély Máté , Borda Bernadett
Published: May 2024

Bevezetés: A vesetranszplantációt követő magas vérnyomás a
krónikus allograftkárosodás fontos kockázati tényezője.
Célkitűzés: A jelen vizsgálat célja a transzplantáció utáni
hypertonia gyakoriságának és lehetséges kockázati tényezői szerepének
meghatározása volt. Módszerek: Retrospektív kohorszvizsgálatot
végeztünk a Szegedi Tudományegyetem Sebészeti Klinikáján 2007. január 1. és
2022. augusztus 19. között vesetranszplantáción átesett betegek körében, akik
rendszeresen részt vettek otthoni vérnyomásmérésen. A recipiens demográfiai és
laboratóriumi adatait, továbbá a donor jellemzőit a transzplantációt követő 6.
és 12. hónapban elemeztük. A magas vérnyomás diagnózisát az Európai Hypertonia
Társaság (ESH) iránymutatásai szerint határoztuk meg. Logisztikus regressziót
alkalmaztunk a nem korrigált és a korrigált esélyhányados becslésére a
transzplantáció utáni magas vérnyomás lehetséges kockázati tényezőinek
felmérésére. Eredmények: A vizsgálatba 280 beteget vontunk be.
A transzplantáció utáni magas vérnyomás prevalenciája a veseátültetést követően
6, illetve 12 hónappal 49,3%, illetve 53,5% volt. A többváltozós analízist
elvégezve a vesetranszplantáció után 6 hónappal a hypertonia prediktív tényezői
a férfinem (OR: 1,717, 95% CI: 1,007–2,927; p = 0,047) és a donor-hypertonia
(OR: 2,038, 95% CI: 1,038–4,004; p = 0,039) voltak. A szérumhúgysavszint (OR:
1,004, 95% CI: 1,000–1,007; p = 0,033) és a férfinem (OR: 2,048, 95% CI:
1,161–3,614; p = 0,013) független kockázati tényező volt a vesetranszplantáció
után 12 hónappal. Megbeszélés: A vesetranszplantáció után a
hypertonia előfordulási gyakorisága 49,3% volt. Vizsgálatunk arra utal, hogy a
férfinem, a hypertoniás donor és a szérumhúgysavszint a vesetranszplantáció
utáni hypertonia lehetséges prediktorai. Következtetés: Az
időben fel nem ismert és nem kezelt poszttranszplantációs hypertonia az
allograft funkcionális romlásához vezet, s ezzel csökkenti a graft túlélését.
Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(19): 734–741.
L1 use in pre-task planning by child EFL learners
Authors: Galdeano Chasco Marina , García Mayo María del Pilar
Published: May 2024

An important issue in studies on pre-task planning (PTP) is the language used by the participants, but only recently have researchers paid attention to this topic, with no study focusing on children. This study investigated whether the use of L1 or the L2 in PTP would have a different impact on children's use of the third-person singular morpheme -s. Eighteen 11–12 year-old EFL children with elementary proficiency level worked on a dictogloss task in pairs. They were divided into an L1 PTP group, an L2 PTP group and a control group. The findings revealed that participants did focus their attention on the form of the L2 during the dictogloss stage but very little attention was paid to the target structure -s. However, the L1 PTP pairs produced more turns focused on L2 form and more LREs than the L2 PTP pairs during the PTP stage, which indicates that L1 use allowed these children to discuss problematic formal issues of the L2.
SYMPOSIUM “RARE DISEASES, HOW TO SUSPECT, WHAT TO PAY ATTENTION TO”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: May 2024

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Przemoc rówieśnicza motywowana uprzedzeniami wobec mniejszości. O roli pochodzenia imigranckiego i procesów międzygrupowych w wyjaśnianiu i ograniczaniu zjawiska
Authors:   Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej, Tłuściak-Deliowska Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

Societies are becoming more ethnically and culturally diverse. This growing diversity offers new opportunities for both individuals and societies. At the same time, it also creates challenges such as a polarized political climate and an increase in hostile behaviour based on prejudice, such as ethnic discrimination and peer violence against immigrants. Recent research on the forms of bullying of minority groups by peers suggests that prejudice has some influence on specific patterns of bullying, but not enough attention has yet been given to this either in the conceptualization of bullying itself or in the design of intervention and prevention programs. It is therefore suggested that further research and the design of prevention programs could be targeted to give more attention to prejudice as one of the factors underlying this form of peer violence. The article is of a review nature and has been organized in a conceptual way, i.e. the focus is on prejudice-based bullying, which is the subject of research, but at the same time, arguments for the presented point of view will be presented to justify further empirical research in this problem area.
INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL RADIATION UNDER PRESSURIZED OXY-COMBUSTION CONDITIONS
Authors: Li Lei , Akkerman V'yacheslav , Magalhaes Duarte  , Yang Zhiwei , Axelbaum Richard L.
Published: May 2024

Thermal radiation of the gaseous and particle phases in a pilot-scale pressurized oxy-combustor is computationally
studied. In particular, the radiation characteristics of gases and particles are estimated
by employing the statistical narrow-band model and the large-particle model. It is found that thermal
radiation of the particle cloud dominates in the combustor under a furnace temperature of 1500 K
and when there is no substantial loss of particles to the walls. Another important observation is that
radiation from the gas and particles can be approximately treated as a graybody under these conditions.
More specifically, the results on the spectral radiation intensity of a gas comprising 40% (vol)
H2O and 60% CO2 show that when the pressure is increased to 15 bar, and the radiation pathlength is
100 cm, the spectral radiation profile of the gas phase approaches that of a blackbody at the respective
temperature. In addition, the emissivity of the particulate cloud has been evaluated as a function of the
particle concentration and diameter by employing the large-particle model. It is shown that the emissivity
grows with the particle concentration but decreases with the particle size for the same mass of
the particles. This outcome of the present study is expected to be used to validate the assumption of the
gray-gas model adopted in the numerical simulations of pressurized oxy-combustion.
Reflexos da inclusão dos principais assuntos de Auditoria na qualidade e nos honorários de auditoria das Companhias de Capital Aberto do Brasil
Authors: Melo Priscila dos Santos Fernandes , Salotti Bruno Meirelles , Braunbeck Guillermo Oscar , Costa Raquel Sales da Silva
Published: May 2024

Considerando o contexto das modificações implementadas pela ISA 700 revisada, que demandou a inclusão de itens como os Principais Assuntos de Auditoria (PAA), este artigo teve como objetivo verificar os reflexos das mudanças na ISA 700 na qualidade e nos honorários da auditoria. Foram coletados dados contábeis, de mercado e informações sobre as firmas de auditoria responsáveis e as quantidades de PAAs divulgados pelas companhias de capital aberto do Brasil, dos períodos de 2014 a 2017. Em geral, os resultados não demonstraram evidências de melhoria na qualidade de auditoria após a adoção da ISA 700 revisada. Os honorários de auditoria também não apresentaram alterações estatisticamente significantes na comparação do período pré e pós adoção do novo requerimento. Assim, o estudo concluiu que, durante o período de quatro anos em torno da adoção dos novos requisitos, não houve evidências de aumento na qualidade da auditoria ou nos honorários dos auditores para as empresas de capital aberto no Brasil. O presente artigo amplia as discussões acadêmicas para o mercado de capitais brasileiro acerca das implicações da inclusão dos PAAs nos relatórios de auditoria, bem como na análise dos efeitos práticos da aplicação das normas expedidas pelos órgãos reguladores.
Geospatial Tool-Based Geomorphological Mapping of The Lower Kulsi Basin, India
Authors: Thakuriah Gitika
Published: May 2024

Detailed geomorphological map of a region provides necessary information on landforms to understand the variations of surface and subsurface processes. Geomorphological maps prepared based on a combined geospatial and field-observation approach are preliminary data for precise, prompt, and efficient watershed-level planning. The Kulsi is a significant left-bank tributary of the Brahmaputra. It has potential for agricultural, land, and water resources, but the region needs to catch up due to frequent climatic-geomorphic hazards. Therefore, this article aims to prepare an object-oriented detailed geomorphological map using geospatial tools. High-resolution satellite images and a digital elevation model were used to generate the detailed geomorphological map of the studied area. The resultant map is verified with extensive fieldwork. The investigated basin is characterized by structural and denudation hills, anthropogenetic escarpment; pediment plain, older and young alluvial plain; active and older flood plain; islands and sandbar deposits, and highly sinuous river and natural and artificial surface waterbodies. The research can contribute to local governments' and communities' land and water resource development plans.
Keywords: geomorphology, morphometry, satellite image, Geographic Information System
GIS and Water Quality Index Based to Assess Spring Water Quality, A Case Study of Bani Kinanah District, Irbid, Northwestern Jordan
Authors: Khawajah Mohammad A. , Al-Taani Ahmad A , Al-Zoubi Abeer I , Al-Hamad Abeer A
Published: May 2024

Springs in northwestern Jordan are significant sources of freshwater for local communities. The reliance on springs to fulfill the growing demands for water has been intensified in the past decade, following the decline in rainwater due to climate change. Thirty water samples were collected from springs located in Bani Kinanah District, northwest Jordan, and tested for various water quality parameters, including pH, EC, TDS, Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, K+, Cl-, F-, SO4-2, NO3-, TH, TA, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn. The results show that most water quality variables fall within the acceptable limits for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Jordanian standards, except for a few indicators. The chemistry of spring water is mainly governed by rock weathering, with dominant Ca-Mg-HCO3 type of water. The spatial distribution of TDS in spring water shows relatively high levels in springs located in northern and northeastern areas. Based on the water quality index (WQI), twenty-six springs are either of excellent or good water quality, and are suitable for drinking purposes. Whereas four springs (Kharja, Malka, EL Za'agah, and Sa'ed) have poor quality and designated for irrigation and industrial usage. This may be due to its proximity to residential areas, as noted in the field observation. Evaluation of the spring water suitability for irrigation shows that most springs are of excellent to good quality, and only a few springs fall under the category of good to permissible for irrigation.
Keywords: Water Quality Index (WQI), Geographic Information System (GIS), spring water, Bani Kinanah
Risk and Opportunity Assessment Under Fuzzy Constraints
Authors: Abdulaeva Zinaida
Published: May 2024

Problem context. It is necessary to develop methods for analyzing risks and opportunities in economic systems under the assumption that normative criteria are arbitrarily blurry.
Research objective. To propose models and methods for analyzing risks and opportunities when norms are defined by general type fuzzy numbers (GTFN).
Research methodology. When the efficiency factor and its norm are defined by GTFN, risk and opportunity assessments can be obtained using alpha cuts of GTFN and subsequent weighting according to the rule of arithmetic means. In certain cases, there are analytical expressions for risk and chance assessments.
Practical application of the results. Expressions have been derived for cases where efficiency factors and norms are represented by scalars, intervals, triangular numbers, and GTFN. Corresponding risk functions and chance functions have been constructed. The proposed models and methods have been tested in assessing risks and opportunities for an industry economic system, with evaluation of boundary levels of industry indexes based on risk criteria.
Originality and significance. The research is original and applies methods from fuzzy set theory and soft computing. A technology for analyzing risks and opportunities in economic systems has been proposed.
Management of the Resource Potential of Forest Systems of the Irkutsk Region in Conditions of Subsurface Use
Authors: Rusetskaya Genrietta
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the management of forest systems that face increasingly complex conditions and the possibility of developing the potential of these systems through inter-industry interaction. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the negative impact of energy industry enterprises on the natural environment and, consequently, on forest systems when forests and oil and gas enterprises located in adjacent areas.
The study found a negative impact of subsoil use enterprises on the state and development of forest systems in the Irkutsk region in the current environmental and economic situation. Considering the scale of the state of the quantitative, structural and qualitative potential of forests it is obvious that without changing the management of ongoing processes it is difficult to expect positive changes in the state of forest systems.
We have established that there is a need for interaction between the management bodies of the forestry and mining industries in this situation. It is necessary to develop a well-founded regulatory mechanism for the preventive minimization of negative impacts on forests from the oil and gas complex, or a measure of economic liability for damage to change the situation in forests.
Suggestive Potential of Syntactic Features of Environmental Advertising Texts (Based on the Russian and English Languages)
Authors: Ziryanova Irina , Sanina Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the suggestive potential of syntactic expressive means in environmental advertising texts. Analyzing syntactic structures as a means of implementing the suggestive function in advertising contexts allows us to identify the most effective methods of suggestive influence on the audience. The study revealed that the Russian-language environmental advertising employs a limited variety of syntactic figures compared to the English-language texts. Nonetheless, rhetorical questions and parcellation are the most frequently used means of suggestion in both languages. Environmental advertising is focused on international issues, which explains the similarity in the choice of syntactic means in advertising text in different languages. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the significance of the syntactic features in the suggestive function of environmental advertising and their versatility across various languages for influencing an international audience. The results of this research can be used by the authors of advertising texts to the most effective impact on consumers’ subconscious.
Validation of the Teacher Questionnaire of Montessori Practice for Early Childhood in the Dutch Context
Authors: De Brouwer Jaap , Morssink-Santing Vivian , Van der Zee Symen
Published: May 2024

Montessori education has existed for more than 100 years and counts almost 16,000 schools worldwide (Debs et al., 2022). Still, little is known about the implementation and fidelity of Montessori principles. Measuring implementations holds significant importance as it provides insight into current Montessori practices and because it is assumed that implementation might influence its effectiveness. In the Netherlands, it is especially important to measure fidelity because of the country’s history of flexible implementation of Montessori principles. No instruments currently exist that are specifically designed to measure Montessori implementation in the Dutch context. This study aims to validate a translated version of the Teacher Questionnaire for Montessori Practices, developed by Murray et al. (2019), within the Dutch early childhood education context. Additionally, it seeks to investigate the extent to which Montessori principles are implemented in Dutch early childhood schools. Data were collected from 131 early childhood Montessori teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the Dutch dataset did not align with the factor structure proposed by Murray et al. (2019). Subsequent exploratory factor analysis led to the identification of a 3-factor solution, encompassing dimensions related to Children’s Freedom, Teacher Guidance, and Curriculum, which shows some similarities with Murray et al.’s (2019) factors. Implementation levels in the Netherlands varied, with the highest level of implementation observed in Children’s Freedom and the lowest in Curriculum.
Mobilidad urbana y transporte público en los municipios de la Región Metropolitana de Campinas
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Maia , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo , Sugahara Cibele Roberta
Published: May 2024

El problema de la movilidad urbana se ha intensificado en los últimos años, lo que desencadena el uso creciente de automóviles, principalmente en áreas metropolitanas. Este artículo se centra en discutir la movilidad áreas urbanas de municipios insertos en la Región Metropolitana de Campinas a la luz de la Política Nacional de Movilidad Urbana y el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11 en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible. El método de investigación es bibliográfico y los procedimientos técnicos son los de investigación documental y estudio de casos. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de establecer definiciones y lineamientos para que la movilidad urbana se produzca en el sentido de incentivar e invertir en la búsqueda de medios de transporte público como alternativas ambiental y ambientalmente sanas socialmente viable.
Reutilización de efluentes sanitarios y revitalización de ríos en la región semiárida: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Soares Anna Elis Paz , Silva Simone Rosa da , Montenegro Suzana Maria Gico Lima
Published: May 2024

Considerando los desafíos de la gestión de los recursos hídricos y el saneamiento en zonas de clima semiárido, donde ya se enfrenta de manera natural la escasez de agua, agravada por la presencia de ríos intermitentes impactados por la liberación de cargas contaminantes continuas, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es evaluar el papel de la reutilización de efluentes sanitarios en la revitalización de ríos intermitentes y sus ecosistemas. La metodología consistió en realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura utilizando el método PRISMA y la base de datos Scopus. Las búsquedas se realizaron con las palabras clave: reuse, "wastewater reuse", "reclaimed water", arid, river, effluent y "water management". Inicialmente, la búsqueda arrojó un universo de 548 publicaciones. Aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos por el método PRISMA, fueron seleccionados seis artículos relacionados con el tema para el desarrollo de la investigación. Con base en experiencias con el uso de agua reutilizada para revitalizar ríos ubicados en Israel y Estados Unidos, la efectividad del direccionamiento de efluentes tratados para regular caudales en ríos intermitentes y la necesidad de adecuar plantas de tratamiento de aguas servidas para la implementación de tratamientos avanzados, lo que resulta en una alta inversión inicial. Para sortear esta situación, los estudios destacan la importancia de apropiarse de los servicios ecosistémicos y los beneficios directos e indirectos en los análisis de costo-beneficio, además del fuerte papel de las autoridades públicas en la priorización de acciones de reutilización para revitalizar los ríos.
THE BANISHMENT DISCOURSE AND THE WESTERN MACHINE OF MAKING BARBARIANS
Authors: Cardoso Luis Gustavo , Kozicki Katya
Published: May 2024

This article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the banishment discourse in the Western world during the Classical Greek antiquity (8th century B.C. to the 4th century B.C.) from a narrative and historical, theoretical perspective. The text presented here is also marked by its authors' Brazilian nationality and legal tradition, considering that the local and actual legal institutes reveal an unequivocal bond to the ancient tradition.  Focusing on the legal institutes of extradition, deportation, expulsion, and surrender, this study inquiries the moral and political effects of banishment as a critical concept of international law and political life. The analytical method resorts on a case-by-case basis to historical narrative and interpretation of the consequences of displacement. It hypothesizes that the banishment discourse produces a division between a We and an Other and eventually irrupts social rupture and exile. This research proposes a broader and historical view of international law while employing the theoretical tool of auditorium, created by Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca. Thence concludes that the discourse of banishment is responsible for making the so-called barbarians in the Western imaginary, which works as a device and a fundamental argument for a permanent distinction towards the foreign one.
Bempedoic acid: A new player in lipid-lowering
Authors: Walter F Riesen
Published: May 2024

Elevated LDL cholesterol remains one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors. For this reason, great scientific efforts have been made in recent decades to reduce elevated LDL cholesterol levels. After statins, ezetrol, and PCSK9 inhibitors, bempedoic acid is a new promising option for the treatment of LDL-cholesterol. Bempedoic acid is an inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase (ACL), an enzyme that converts citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytosol. The active ingredient thus attacks the above HMG-CoA reductase, the target of statins, in the mevalonate/cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Bempedoic acid can be considered a prodrug that is converted intracellularly to ETC-1002-CoA by ACSVL1 (very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1) via coenzyme A (CoA) activation. ACSVL1 is primarily expressed in the liver and not in skeletal muscle. Therefore, in contrast to statins, it is not associated with muscle pain, which is one of the great advantages of this drug.
0.1M Phosphate Buffer v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2024

This protocol is used to prepare 0.1M Phosphate Buffer. 0.1M Phosphate Buffer is used in the preparation of Sucrose solutions for cryoprotection. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.