bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Public Service Motivation From the Perspective of Person–Environment Fit: Complementary or Supplementary Relationship?
Authors: Ryu Geunpil
Published: July 2014

Research on public service motivation (PSM) has paid attention to the concept of fit to identify underlying mechanisms of the relationship between PSM and beneficial outcomes such as higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Nonetheless, there have been rare studies aimed at theoretically comparing PSM with the person–environment (P–E) fit. In this article, PSM is reviewed from the perspective of P–E fit, not only because PSM and P–E fit share some theoretical perspectives, such as job attraction, employee rewards, and individual performance, but also because incorporating the concept of PSM into the fit framework may allow us to better understand PSM and enhance its theoretical development. This article concludes that PSM has a complementary relationship with P–E fit as the two provide more concrete and valid explanations for job applications, outcomes, and rewards when they are incorporated.
What are teaching schools for?
Authors: Husbands Chris
Published: July 2014

This article reviews the development of ‘teaching schools’ in England, exploring some of the reasons for their development and their potential to transform professional learning.
Religious Non-Places: Corporate Megachurches and Their Contributions to Consumer Capitalism
Authors: Sanders George
Published: July 2014

The corporate megachurch represents a pecuniarily driven institution that both emphasizes marketing for the purposes of constant growth, and focuses on the manufacture and delivery of consumer-centric goods and services. This article draws on the theory of the non-place as conceptualized by Augé, who argues that the non-place is a direct effect of contemporary capitalism’s incessant incursion into ever more areas of life. The non-place refers to any variety of transitory sites that lack historical, cultural, or geographic reference points, and while they seem to be everywhere one is left with the sense of being ‘nowhere’ in particular. One such place that lacks distinguishing features and fails to provide any contextual reference is the corporate megachurch. Because of its strategic work to distance itself from traditional Christian churches and focus instead on creating homologies with entertainment, self-help, and retail, the non-place church normalizes the banality of consumer capitalism.
The Racialization of Muslims: Empirical Studies of Islamophobia
Authors: Garner Steve , Selod Saher
Published: July 2014

Racialization is a concept that is theoretically underdeveloped. Although there has been an increased interest in Islamophobia since 9/11, it is very rarely discussed as racial in its nature. In this special issue on Islamophobia and the Racialization of Muslims scholars connect racism to Islamophobia. This issue situates racialization as a way to explain and understand Islamophobia, as racism towards a Muslim population. Through empirical studies, this issue uncovers the processes of racialization of Muslims and the rise of Islamophobia in both Europe and the USA. Case studies include the experiences of middle-class US Muslims; of white British converts to Islam; of young working-class British-Pakistani men; policing practices in Ireland; and the construction of Muslim identities through online comments about a reality television show. As well as identifying some issues specific to the nation, each case study also reveals the intersection of the racialization process with class and gender experiences.
Weak solvability via Lagrange multipliers for contact problems involving multi-contact zones
Authors: Matei Andaluzia
Published: July 2014

We investigate the behaviour of an elastic body which is in frictional contact with a foundation on a part of the boundary, and which can come into contact with a rigid obstacle on another part of the boundary. We associate this physical setting with two mechanical models. Every model is mathematically described by a boundary value problem which consists of a system of partial differential equations associated with a displacement condition, a traction condition, a frictional contact condition and a frictionless unilateral contact condition. In both models the unilateral contact is described by Signorini’s condition with non-zero gap. The difference between the models is given by the frictional condition we use. In the first model we use a condition with prescribed normal stress. In the second one, we use a frictional bilateral contact condition. The weak solvability of the boundary value problems we propose herein relies on an abstract generalized saddle point problem. Abstract existence, uniqueness and boundedness results as well as abstract convergence results of a regularization are established. Then, we discuss the existence, the uniqueness, the boundedness and the approximation of the weak solutions based on the abstract results.
Whose resources are they anyway? ‘Development assistance’ and community development agreements in the Mongolian mining sector
Authors: Blunt Peter
Published: July 2014

This is a case study of ‘development assistance’ that demonstrates how the interests of the supposed beneficiary of such assistance – Mongolia – were discarded as soon as there appeared to be the slightest risk that, if served, those interests might have jeopardized the economic or political interests of the donor country (Switzerland) and/or those of its (Western) trading partners and their mining corporations. Donor interests were deemed to be put at risk by a government and donor sponsored research report that made a case for strengthening mining legislation pertaining to community development agreements in Mongolia. The offending research report also challenged the establishment view of the aetiology of the ‘resource curse’, emphasizing the predisposing conditions established by neoliberal design and international financial institutions and the roles of foreign mining corporations, which are rarely mentioned in conventional accounts. The case provides further evidence for the view that Western ‘development assistance’ rendered by state capitalist ‘democracies’ (and others) is first and foremost designed, directly or indirectly, to serve the interests of the countries providing such ‘assistance’ and that development rhetoric and practice is intended to create an impression of altruism where, in reality, little or none exists.
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation: Problems and prospects
Authors: Mukherjee Kunal
Published: July 2014

Regionalism has been an important force in international relations since 1945. Most regional organizations that came into existence after the end of the Second World War dealt primarily with defence and security issues. With the passage of time, however, regional trading blocs have considerably gained in importance. The aim of this article is to look at the only regional organization in South Asia, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). The article argues that regionalism in contemporary South Asia has been problematic right from the start because South Asia has been plagued with ongoing conflicts both at the interstate level and at the domestic level. The main interstate conflict in South Asia has been the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan, the two dominant forces in the region. Internal problems within India include the Maoist insurgency and secessionist movements in the Indian northeast. Pakistan has also struggled with major internal problems such as Islamist terrorism. Since these countries have been giving their time and attention to their internal problems, developing a unified approach to deal with regional problems and also a collective sense of identity has proven to be very problematic. These internal problems within the national boundaries of each of these South Asian countries and the interstate conflicts in the region especially between India and Pakistan have most certainly undermined regionalism in the past in South Asia, and continue to do so. Finally, the article takes a security studies approach whilst making an assessment of the SAARC.
Low compression ratio diesel engines fueled with biodiesel by using spark-induced compression ignition
Authors: Yamane Koji , Kondo Chihiro , Kondo Daichi , Kawasaki Kiyoshi
Published: July 2014

The objective of this study was to demonstrate a novel combustion system in which autoignition is induced by spark discharge into a pre-mixture formed during a long ignition delay time in a direct injection diesel engine with a low compression ratio. The effects of spark discharge on the autoignition process were investigated by changing the spark timing, injection timing, equivalence ratio and fuel amount. The fuel used was lauric acid methyl ester, a fatty acid methyl ester that is relatively volatile and exhibits higher ignition quality than standard diesel fuel. The results obtained with a single-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine show that spark-induced compression ignition combustion was obtained with a volumetric efficiency of 34%. In this study, the autoignition timing was advanced by spark discharge and was controlled by the spark timing within 5° crank angle. We also observed the spark-induced compression ignition combustion flame in a constant volume combustion vessel using direct high-speed photography and OH radical chemiluminescence spectroscopy by means of a combination of an optical band-pass filter, an image intensifier and a charge-coupled device camera. The results showed that spark-induced compression ignition occurs not by flame propagation due to spark ignition but by autoignition of a spray pre-mixture. It was also evident that autoignition is induced by transportation of OH radicals formed at the spark plug by the spray flow.
Interplay of parathyroid hormone and aldosterone antagonist in prevention of heart failure hospitalizations in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hassan Mona , Qureshi Waqas , Sroujieh Laila S , Albashaireh Derar , BouMalham Sara , Liroff Meghan , Amjad Waseem , Khalid Fatima , Hadid Hiba , Alirhayim Zaid
Published: July 2014

Background:

Aldosterone antagonists may mediate their effects on heart failure through parathyroid hormone (PTH) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods:

Patients with CKD on spironolactone were selected and matched for age, gender, race, use of a vitamin D analogue, the number of antihypertensive medications, and CKD stage. PTH levels before and after the first prescription of spironolactone were measured. A thorough chart review was conducted to assess for heart failure hospitalizations. An adjusted Cox proportional model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for heart failure hospitalizations among cases versus controls.

Results:

There were a total of 950 (mean age 67±13 years, 40% men) patients with CKD. Of these, there were 48 hospitalizations for heart failure among the cases and 82 among the controls (HR 0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19–0.74, p=0.005). We noted a more significant decrease in PTH levels among the cases when compared to the controls ( p<0.0001). The adjusted hazard for heart failure hospitalization increased with higher PTH levels ( p=0.002) and mediation analysis revealed change in PTH level as a significant mediator of heart failure hospitalization ( p=0.04).

Conclusion:

Aldosterone antagonists may be helpful in preventing hospitalizations for heart failure exacerbation in CKD patients through a PTH-mediated effect.
Motivation and Intention to Integrate Physical Activity Into Daily School Life
Authors: Vazou Spyridoula , Vlachopoulos Symeon P.
Published: July 2014

Research on the motivation of stakeholders to integrate physical activity into daily school life is limited. The purpose was to examine the motivation of stakeholders to participate in a world record physical activity event and whether motivation was associated with future intention to use activity breaks during the daily school life and future participation in a similar event. After the 2012 JAM (Just-a-Minute) World Record event, 686 adults (591 women; 76.1% participated for children <10 years) completed measures of motivational regulations and future intention to (a) use the activity breaks and (b) participate in the event. High intrinsic motivation and low extrinsic motivation and amotivation for participation in the next event were reported. Hierarchical regression analysis, controlling for age, gender, and occupation, showed that intrinsic forms of motivation positively predicted, whereas amotivation negatively predicted, future intention to participate in the event and use the activity breaks. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed that school-related participants were more intrinsically motivated and intended to use the activity breaks and repeat the event more than those who were not affiliated with a school. Nonschool participants reported higher extrinsic motivation and amotivation than school-related participants.
Identification of inappropriate medication use in elderly patients with frequent emergency department visits
Authors: Wong Jeffrey , Marr Patricia , Kwan Debbie , Meiyappan Soumia , Adcock Lesley
Published: July 2014

Objective:

To determine the demographic and health care characteristics of elderly family health team patients who are frequent emergency department (ED) users, focusing on potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and access to primary care services.

Design:

Cross-sectional retrospective chart review.

Setting:

Academic family medicine clinic in Toronto, Ontario.

Participants:

A total of 46 elderly patients (age >65 years) with 4 or more visits to a University Health Network–affiliated ED between April 1, 2010, and March 31, 2011.

Main outcome measures:

Using the validated STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Persons’ potentially inappropriate Prescriptions) criteria, PIMs were identified. The primary objective was to determine whether PIMs were associated with more frequent ED use. The secondary objective was to determine whether patients who had previously undergone a clinic pharmacist-led medication review had fewer PIMs. We also determined the health characteristics of these patients at the time of their last ED visit of the study period. Utilization of primary care resources, both prior to and after ED visits, was determined.

Results:

Sixty-five percent of patients were taking at least 1 PIM. The total number of PIMs in the study population was 71. Having more PIMs was significantly correlated with a higher number of ED visits ( r = 0.32, p < 0.05). Patients with a previous medication review had a similar number of PIMs compared with those without a review. The mean number of concurrent medications was 12.1 and the mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score was 3.7. Significant delay between hospital discharge and primary care follow-up (median 13 days) was observed.

Conclusion:

Elderly patients who are more frequent ED users have a greater number of PIMs. Primary care resources appear to be underused in this population.
Branding of new and generic/biosimilar products: New concepts and methods (in-depth qualitative study)
Authors: Kudrin Alex
Published: July 2014

This mixed research design is based on qualitative analysis of secondary data from publicly available corporate material and primary data collected via comprehensive in-depth interviewing of 28 experts, spending approximately 42 h of face-to-face interaction with pharmaceutical industry experts, who included marketing personnel, medical directors, patient groups, advertising and regulatory agencies. Any new original, generic or biosimilar product faces many opportunities and challenges in relation to branding and the imminent global commercialization. The study concludes that there is a significant armamentarium of media-related activities, which can be used in branding: media-assisted campaigns, blogging, celebrity endorsement and close cooperation with patient support groups. Based on findings from this study, companies developing new products should devise their branding strategy as early as possible during the initial stages of development and allocate appropriate corporate resources for collaboration with media and patient support groups. In addition, the pharmaceutical industry should prioritise branding architecture strategies that could foster internal and external relationships around an entire product portfolio, maximise brand value, competitive strength and longevity.
Two modified estimators of reliability function with exponential failure model based on prior information and time-censored data
Authors: Al-Hemyari ZA , Al-Dolami JA
Published: July 2014

In this article, we have assumed that the observations are carried out for a period of time T, and when a unit failed, it was replaced with a new identical unit. We have considered the exponential distribution of failure, and we have proposed two estimators of reliability function ([Formula: see text]) by using time-censored data when a prior value (uncertain prior information) about the unknown parameter [Formula: see text] was previously available. The expressions for the bias, risk and relative efficiency were obtained. The investigation concerning the improvement of the proposed estimators of [Formula: see text] on the bases of the criterion of bias ratio, risk and relative efficiency under different cases showed that the proposed estimators were better than the classical estimators. The conclusions, concluding remarks and limitations were then reported.
Embedding Fairtrade in South Africa: Global Production Networks, National Initiatives and Localized Challenges in the Northern Cape
Authors: Hughes Alex , McEwan Cheryl , Bek David , Rosenberg Zaitun
Published: July 2014

This article contributes to debate on the evolving expressions of business responsibility in emerging market economies and developing economies by exploring and theorizing the ways in which the Fairtrade standard for supply chains is being re-worked and implemented in South Africa. To understand the changing ways in which the global Fairtrade standard is embedded in South Africa, the article argues for attention not only to recent strategic re-articulations of the standard through national-level initiatives, but also to the localized experiences of producer groups, including those in peripheral regions. This argument is supported by interview-based research revealing the challenges faced by a particular Fairtrade producer community — Eksteenskuil Agricultural Cooperative (EAC) in the Northern Cape. A relational approach developed from economic geography shows how challenges concerning market access, land tenure and community empowerment for this producer emerge from a combination of global Fairtrade conventions, South Africa's dynamic national-institutional context and local politics of place.
Monitoring hydration in lime-metakaolin composites using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Pesce G. L. , Bowen C. R. , Rocha J. , Sardo M. , Allen G. C. , Walker P. J. , Denuault G. , Serrapede M. , Ball R. J.
Published: July 2014

This paper describes a study of the hydraulic reactions between metakaolin (MK) and air lime using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Tests were carried out at 20, 25 and 30°C on lime-MK pastes with 10:1 w/w ratio. Tests over 28 days allowed identification of relevant changes in the EIS signals and characterization of pastes using thermal analysis (TGA/DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and uni-axial compressive tests. Tests over shorter periods of time (up to 42 h) allowed more detailed studies of the hydraulic phases formed at the very beginning of the reactions.

Results of thermal analyses demonstrate formation of hydraulic compounds such as CSH, C4AH13 and C3ASH6 and show their evolution over time. MIP analysis demonstrates changes in pore size distribution related to the formation and trasformation of hydraulic phases. Variations of impedance response with time are shown to be associated with reaction kinetics. Changes in the NMR signal within the first 42 h of reaction are shown to be associated with the dissolution of calcium hydroxide in the pore solution. Overall, this paper demonstrates the importance of NMR in the study of hydraulic reactions in lime based materials and the ability of EIS to detect the formation of hydraulic compounds and the end of the calcium hydroxide dissolution process.
Geochemical processes in compacted clay in contact with an acid landfill leachate: laboratory experiments and modelling results
Authors: De Soto I. S. , Ayora C. , Cuevas J.
Published: July 2014

Clays are commonly used as liners in urban landfills. However, the reactive processes with landfill leachates, and in particular the role of accessory minerals is poorly known. The aim of this work is to evaluate the diffusion of a synthetic urban landfill leachate through compacted natural smectite-illitic clays containing carbonates and sulfates and to predict the functioning of the clay liner for different minor mineral proportions. The leachate, characterized by acidic pH conditions and high organic matter content, is a typical aqueous solution formed in the acetogenic phase of organic matter degradation in urban landfill areas. Medium-scale (11 cm) laboratory diffusion tests were performed over 77 days. Chloride diffusion coefficients, porosity changes, cation exchange constants and the sulfate reduction rate were quantitatively assessed by means of reactive transport modelling. The exchange capacity of the clays is responsible for NH4+retention. However, the presence or absence of gypsum in the initial clay rock controls the functioning of the liner. Gypsum dissolution ensures a high sulfate concentration in the porewater and enhances the acetate consumption via sulfate reduction. Gypsum dissolution and the concomitant calcite precipitation do not significantly alter the porosity of the clay rock.
Genomic basis of symbiovar mimosae in Rhizobium etli
Authors: Rogel Marco A , Bustos Patricia , Santamaría Rosa I , González Víctor , Romero David , Cevallos Miguel Ángel , Lozano Luis , Castro-Mondragón Jaime , Martínez-Romero Julio , Ormeño-Orrillo Ernesto , Martínez-Romero Esperanza
Published: July 2014

Background

Symbiosis genes (nod and nif) involved in nodulation and nitrogen fixation in legumes are plasmid-borne in Rhizobium. Rhizobial symbiotic variants (symbiovars) with distinct host specificity would depend on the type of symbiosis plasmid. In Rhizobium etli or in Rhizobium phaseoli, symbiovar phaseoli strains have the capacity to form nodules in Phaseolus vulgaris while symbiovar mimosae confers a broad host range including different mimosa trees.

Results

We report on the genome of R. etli symbiovar mimosae strain Mim1 and its comparison to that from R. etli symbiovar phaseoli strain CFN42. Differences were found in plasmids especially in the symbiosis plasmid, not only in nod gene sequences but in nod gene content. Differences in Nod factors deduced from the presence of nod genes, in secretion systems or ACC-deaminase could help explain the distinct host specificity. Genes involved in P. vulgaris exudate uptake were not found in symbiovar mimosae but hup genes (involved in hydrogen uptake) were found. Plasmid pRetCFN42a was partially contained in Mim1 and a plasmid (pRetMim1c) was found only in Mim1. Chromids were well conserved.

Conclusions

The genomic differences between the two symbiovars, mimosae and phaseoli may explain different host specificity. With the genomic analysis presented, the term symbiovar is validated. Furthermore, our data support that the generalist symbiovar mimosae may be older than the specialist symbiovar phaseoli.
Electrical impedance tomography: so close to touching the holy grail
Authors: Constantin Jean-Michel , Perbet Sebastien , Delmas Julie , Futier Emmanuel
Published: July 2014

Electrical impedance tomography is a new technology giving us lung imaging that may allow lung function to be monitored at the bedside. Several applications have been studied to guide mechanical ventilation at the bedside with electrical impedance tomography. Positive end-expiratory pressure trials guided by electrical impedance tomography are relevant in terms of recruited volume or homogeneity of the lung. Tidal impedance variation is a new parameter of electrical impedance tomography that may help physicians with ventilator settings in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. This parameter is able to identify the onset of overdistention in the nondependent part and recruitment in the dependent part. Electrical impedance tomography presents a big step forward in mechanical ventilation.
Tendon proper- and peritenon-derived progenitor cells have unique tenogenic properties
Authors: Mienaltowski Michael J , Adams Sheila M , Birk David E
Published: July 2014

Introduction

Multipotent progenitor populations exist within the tendon proper and peritenon of the Achilles tendon. Progenitor populations derived from the tendon proper and peritenon are enriched with distinct cell types that are distinguished by expression of markers of tendon and vascular or pericyte origins, respectively. The objective of this study was to discern the unique tenogenic properties of tendon proper- and peritenon-derived progenitors within an in vitro model. We hypothesized that progenitors from each region contribute differently to tendon formation; thus, when incorporated into a regenerative model, progenitors from each region will respond uniquely. Moreover, we hypothesized that cell populations like progenitors were capable of stimulating tenogenic differentiation, so we generated conditioned media from these cell types to analyze their stimulatory potentials.

Methods

Isolated progenitors were seeded within fibrinogen/thrombin gel-based constructs with or without supplementation with recombinant growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF5). Early and late in culture, gene expression of differentiation markers and matrix assembly genes was analyzed. Tendon construct ultrastructure was also compared after 45 days. Moreover, conditioned media from tendon proper-derived progenitors, peritenon-derived progenitors, or tenocytes was applied to each of the three cell types to determine paracrine stimulatory effects of the factors secreted from each of the respective cell types.

Results

The cell orientation, extracellular domain and fibril organization of constructs were comparable to embryonic tendon. The tendon proper-derived progenitors produced a more tendon-like construct than the peritenon-derived progenitors. Seeded tendon proper-derived progenitors expressed greater levels of tenogenic markers and matrix assembly genes, relative to peritenon-derived progenitors. However, GDF5 supplementation improved expression of matrix assembly genes in peritenon progenitors and structurally led to increased mean fibril diameters. It also was found that peritenon-derived progenitors secrete factor(s) stimulatory to tenocytes and tendon proper progenitors.

Conclusions

Data demonstrate that, relative to peritenon-derived progenitors, tendon proper progenitors have greater potential for forming functional tendon-like tissue. Furthermore, factors secreted by peritenon-derived progenitors suggest a trophic role for this cell type as well. Thus, these findings highlight the synergistic potential of including these progenitor populations in restorative tendon engineering strategies.
γ/δ T cell subsets in human aging using the classical α/β T cell model
Authors: Vasudev Anusha , Tan Tze Ying Crystal , Ayyadhury Shamini , Joo Puan Kia , Kumar Andiappan Anand , Shwe Zin Nyunt Ma , Binte Shadan Nurhidaya , Mustafa Seri , Low Ivy , Rotzschke Olaf , Fulop Tamas , Pin Ng Tze , Larbi Anis
Published: July 2014

Aging is associated with an increased susceptibility to infections and diseases. It has also been associated with reduced functionality and altered distribution of immune cells, especially T cells. Whereas classical α/β T cells, especially CD8+ T cells, were shown to be highly susceptible to aging, the effects of viral persistent stimulations on the fate of γ/δ T cells are much less documented. Healthy, elderly individuals of Chinese ethnical background were recruited under the aegis of SLAS-II. In this observational study, γ/δ T cell populations were characterized by flow cytometry and compared with the α/β CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in elderly and young controls. In our study, we identified a reduced frequency of γ/δ T cells but not α/β T cells with aging. The classical markers of α/β T cell aging, including CD28, CD27, and CD57, did not prove significant for γ/δ T cells. The extreme range of expression of these markers in γ/δ T cells was responsible for the lack of relationship between γ/δ T cell subsets, CD4/CD8 ratio, and anti-CMV titers that was significant for α/β T cells and, especially, CD8+ T cells. Although markers of aging for γ/δ T cells are not clearly identified, our data collectively suggest that the presence of CD27 γ/δ T cells is associated with markers of α/β T cell aging.
Mice With Hepatocyte-Specific Deficiency of Type 3 Deiodinase Have Intact Liver Regeneration and Accelerated Recovery From Nonthyroidal Illness After Toxin-Induced Hepatonecrosis
Authors: Castroneves Luciana A. , Jugo Rebecca H. , Maynard Michelle A. , Lee Jennifer S. , Wassner Ari J. , Dorfman David , Bronson Roderick T. , Ukomadu Chinweike , Agoston Agoston T. , Ding Lai , Luongo Cristina , Guo Cuicui , Song Huaidong , Demchev Valeriy , Lee Nicholas Y. , Feldman Henry A. , Vella Kristen R. , Peake Roy W. , Hartigan Christina , Kellogg Mark D. , Desai Anal , Salvatore Domenico , Dentice Monica , Huang Stephen A.
Published: July 2014

Type 3 deiodinase (D3), the physiologic inactivator of thyroid hormones, is induced during tissue injury and regeneration. This has led to the hypotheses that D3 impacts injury tolerance by reducing local T3 signaling and contributes to the fall in serum triiodothyronine (T3) observed in up to 75% of sick patients (termed the low T3 syndrome). Here we show that a novel mutant mouse with hepatocyte-specific D3 deficiency has normal local responses to toxin-induced hepatonecrosis, including normal degrees of tissue necrosis and intact regeneration, but accelerated systemic recovery from illness-induced hypothyroxinemia and hypotriiodothyroninemia, demonstrating that peripheral D3 expression is a key modulator of the low T3 syndrome.
Regeneration, morphogenesis and self-organization
Authors: Goldman Daniel
Published: July 2014

The RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan, hosted a meeting entitled ‘Regeneration of Organs: Programming and Self-Organization’ in March, 2014. Scientists from across the globe met to discuss current research on regeneration, organ morphogenesis and self-organization – and the links between these fields. A diverse range of experimental models and organ systems was presented, and the speakers aptly illustrated the unique power of each. This Meeting Review describes the major advances reported and themes emerging from this exciting meeting.
Το θέμα της μετανάστευσης και του εκπατρισμού στη νεοελληνική δραματουργία
Authors: Σωτήρχου Παναγιώτα
Published: July 2014

Η διατριβή με τίτλο: «Το θέμα της μετανάστευσης και του εκπατρισμού στη νεοελληνική δραματουργία (ρεπερτόριο κρατικών θεάτρων Ελλάδας και Κύπρου: 1932 - 1994)» αναλύει και κωδικοποιεί τη δραματοποίηση όψεων της εκούσιας και ακούσιας μετοίκισης και αντλεί από τη θεατρολογία και τις μεταναστευτικές σπουδές. Ερευνητικό πεδίο είναι τμήμα του νεοελληνικού ρεπερτορίου των κρατικών θεάτρων Ελλάδας - Κύπρου. Με εστίαση στη μνήμη και την ταυτότητα, προσεγγίστηκε το υλικό με βάση ένα αναγωγικό σχήμα. Επιλέχθηκαν κείμενα, αποτιμήθηκε η μεταναστευτική και προσφυγική θεματολογία στο corpus, παρουσιάστηκε πρόταση ανάγνωσης του δραματικού κειμένου και σχολιάστηκαν σύνθετα έργα. τα αποτελέσματα ήταν τα εξής: Στο ρεπερτόριο των τριών θεάτρων η αντιστοιχία του μεταναστευτικού και προσφυγικού μοτίβου με τα ιστορικά δεδομένα της εποχήσ δεν είναι μονοσήμαντη. Στο Εθνικό και στο ΚΘΒΕ οι, αρχικά, ισχνές αναφορές - που αγγίζουν την «αμνησία» για οδυνηρούς εκπατρισμούς - γίνονται εμφανέστερες στα τέλη του 20ου αιώνα. Οι επιλογές του ΘΟΚ είναι πιο ευέλικτες και στις σκηνές του σκιαγραφείται ο εκπατρισμός του 1974. Στα ελλαδικά θέατρα η υπό εξέταση θεματική είναι πιο ευδιάκριτη σε φιλελεύθερες εποχές και σχεδόν αδιόρατη στις συντηρητικές περιόδους. Για το ΘΟΚ εξετάστηκαν μόνο 20 χρόνια όπου δεν υπάρχει έντονη εναλλαγή φιλελεύθερων και συντηρητικών κοινωνικο-πολιτικών τάσεων. Οι κειμενικές αναλύσεις καταδεικνύουν ότι η μετακίνηση είναι στα πλαίσια επαρχίας - άστεως. Η μετανάστευση είναι κοινωνικο - οικονομικής ΚΑΙ προσωπικής φύσεως και παρουσιάζεται αμφίσημη, με όρους επιτυχίας - αποτυχίας. Οταν αποδομείται η μεταναστευτική ουτοπία ο ήρωας αναδιαμορφώνει την ταυτότητά του Ή καθηλώνεται στο δυστοπικό παρόν. Ο εκπατρισμός είναι πολεμικός Ή πολιτικός και πατριδολατρικά Ή πολιτικά φορτισμένος σε ελλαδικά δράματα. Τα ελληνοκυπριακά κείμενα χαρτογραφούν τη μνήμη της χαμένης εστίας. Η ενεργός μνήμη οδηγεί στην προσαρμογή στη νέα εστία και η στατική καθηλώνει νοητικά στο παρελθόν. Συνάφεια με το μεταναστευτικό μοτίβο εντοπίζουμε σε μία ρεαλιστική τάση του μεταπολεμικού δραματικού λόγου, που αντλεί από καθημερινά βιώματα. Το αρχικό και καταληκτικό στάδιό της, όπου από τη διερεύνηση της σχέσης ατόμου - κοινωνίας φτάνουμε στην εξέταση ατομικών παθών, προσομοιάζει με φάσεις του μεταναστευτικού κύκλου, κατά τις οποίες η υποταγή του νεοφερμένου μετοίκου στο συλλογικό βλέμμα των ντόπιων αντικαθίσταται σταδιακά με την αλληλεπίδραση με ένα στενότερο κύκλο ατόμων, Ή με ατομικιστική συμπεριφορά.
Ο προγνωστικός ρόλος των ακουστικών προκλητών δυναμικών του εγκεφαλικού στελέχους στην αιφνίδια νευροαισθητήριο βαρηκοΐα ιδιοπαθούς αιτιολογίας
Authors: Τζαγκαρουλάκης Μιχαήλ
Published: July 2014

Η ιδιοπαθής αιφνίδια νευροαισθητήριος βαρηκοΐα παραμένει μέχρι σήμερα μια πρόκληση για κάθε ιατρό. Στην πλειονότητα των περιπτώσεων δεν μπορεί να ανευρεθεί κάποια συγκεκριμένη αιτία, η θεραπεία βασίζεται στην εμπειρική χορήγηση κορτικοστεροειδών, ενώ η πρόγνωση ποικίλει από ασθενή σε ασθενή. Ιδιαίτερα στο πεδίο της πρόγνωσης ελάχιστη πρόοδος έχει σημειωθεί τα τελευταία χρόνια, ενώ η συμβολή των προκλητών δυναμικών δεν έχει ακόμα διερευνηθεί. Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της σχέσης των προκλητών ακουστικών δυναμικών του εγκεφαλικού στελέχους και της τελικής έκβασης της ακοής. Στη συγκεκριμένη έρευνα εκτιμήθηκαν 114 ασθενείς με ιδιοπαθή αιφνίδια νευροαισθητήριο βαρηκοΐα ως προς την προγνωστική αξία των προκλητών δυναμικών, αλλά και άλλων επιδημιολογικών και νευροωτολογικών παραγόντων. Τα αποτελέσματα, μετά από παρακολούθηση ενός έτους, έδειξαν ότι οι παρακάτω παράγοντες σχετίζονται με καλύτερη έκβαση στην ακοή: μικρότερου βαθμού βαρηκοΐα, μικρότερη ηλικία, άρρεν φύλο, συντομότετρο χρονικό διάστημα ανάμεσα στην εκδήλωση της βαρηκοΐας και την έναρξη της θεραπείας, ακοόγραμμα ενδεικτικό βαρηκοΐας στις χαμηλές ή στις μέσες συχνότητες. Όσον αφορά στα προκλητά δυναμικά, η προγνωστική αξία του κύματος V φάνηκε να είναι μεγαλύτερη από αυτή των κυμάτων Ι και ΙΙΙ και ο χρόνος εμφάνισης του κύματος V κατά τη διάρκεια της παρακολούθησης του ασθενούς να έχει μεγαλύτερη προγνωστική αξία από την παρουσία ή απουσία του κύματος κατά την προσέλευση του ασθενούς. Ακόμα, ο προγνωστικός ρόλος των προκλητών δυναμικών ήταν ανεξάρτητος από την ικανότητά τους να υπολογίζουν το μέγεθος της αρχικής βαρηκοΐας, ενώ η μορφή του ακοογράμματος κατά την προσέλευση του ασθενούς επηρέαζε την προγνωστική αξία της εξέτασης, καθώς η αξία αυτή μειωνόταν σε μικρό βαθμό σε βαρηκοΐες χαμηλών συχνοτήτων. Έτσι, η ανεύρεση του κύματος V κατά την προσέλευση του ασθενούς ή σε σύντομο χρονικό διάστημα κατά την ανάρρωση και μέσα στον πρώτο μήνα από την έναρξη της φαρμακευτικής αγωγής, ίσως αποτελεί σημαντικό προγνωστικό παράγοντα για την αποκατάσταση της ακοής. Η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα έδειξε ότι τόσο το ακοογράμμα όσο και τα προκλητά δυναμικά έχουν προγνωστική αξία στην ιδιοπαθή αιφνίδια νευροαισθητηρίο βαρηκοΐα, με ελαφρά μόνο υπεροχή του ακοογράμματος. Τα ακουστικά προκλητά δυναμικά του εγκεφαλικού στελέχους απoτελούν έναν επιπρόσθετο αξιόπιστο προγνωστικό παράγοντα για την κλινική αυτή οντότητα, γεγονός που μπορεί να αποδειχθεί πολύ σημαντικό στη μελλοντική αντιμετώπιση των ασθενών αυτών.
Μελέτη του ρόλου των βλαστοκυττάρων του μυελού των οστών στην μορφολογική και λειτουργική αποκατάσταση του ΚΝΣ μετά από τραύμα
Authors: Βούλγαρη-Κόκοτα Ανδρονίκη
Published: July 2014

Στόχος της μελέτης μας ήταν η διερεύνηση της ικανότητας των Μεσεγχυματικών Βλαστοκυττάρων (ΜΒ) του μυελού των οστών να προστατεύουν in vitro και in vivo νευρώνες του ΚΝΣ που εκτίθενται στην διεγερσιτοξικότητα του γλουταμινικού οξέος.Τα αποτελέσματα των πειραμάτων μας έδειξαν πως διαλυτοί παράγοντες που περιέχονται στο θρεπτικό μέσο των ΜΒ προστατεύουν σε μεγάλο ποσοστό εμβρυικούς νευρώνες του φλοιού του ποντικού και γαγγλιακά κύτταρα αμφιβληστροειδούς του αρουραίου από τον θάνατο που προκαλεί το NMDA. Σε πειράματα Real Time-PCR και cDNA μικροσυστοιχείες γονιδίων, οι εμβρυικοί νευρώνες του φλοιού που επωάστηκαν με θρεπτικό μέσο ΜΒ παρουσίασαν μειωμένα μεταγραφικά επίπεδα των υπομονάδων των υποδοχέων του γλουταμινικού οξέος και αυξημένα μεταγραφικά επίπεδα γονιδίων που σχετίζονται με μη-νευρικά κύτταρα και διαφορετικούς τύπους βλαστοκυττάρων. Η νευροπροστασία του θρεπτικού μέσου των ΜΒ στα γαγγλιακά κύτταρα του αμφιβληστροειδούς σχετίστηκε με μειωμένη εισροή ιόντων ασβεστίου στα κύτταρα αυτά. In vivo, η ενδοφλέβια χορήγηση EGFP+ ΜΒ σε ένα μοντέλο επιληψίας καϊνικού οξέος σε ποντίκια παρείχε νευροπροστασία, όπως φάνηκε από την περιορισμένη νευρική βλάβη και την μειωμένη ενεργοποίηση των κυττάρων γλοίας στον ιππόκαμπο των ζώων.Συμπερασματικά, τα ΜΒ προστατεύουν άμεσα τους νευρώνες του ΚΝΣ μειώνοντας την ευαισθησία τους στους προσδέτες των υποδοχέων του γλουταμινικού οξέος καθώς επίσης μεταβάλλοντας το πρότυπο της γονιδιακής τους έκφρασης.
Η έκφραση του αυξητικού παράγοντα αναγέννησης του ήπατος (Augmenter of Liver Regeneration, ALR) σε νεοπλάσματα του παχέος εντέρου-ορθού
Authors: Γκατζίδου Ελισάβετ
Published: July 2014

Ο καρκίνος του παχέος εντέρου – ορθού αποτελεί την τρίτη συχνότερη αιτίαθανάτου από καρκίνο, τόσο στους άνδρες όσο και στις γυναίκες, και την δεύτερησυχνότερη αιτία θανάτου όταν τα δύο φύλα υπολογιστούν μαζί.Ο αυξητικός παράγοντας αναγέννησης του ήπατος (Augmenter of LiverRegeneration, ALR) προωθεί τον πολλαπλασιασμό των ηπατοκυττάρων με άμεσοτρόπο, παρόλο που έχει οριστεί ως δευτερεύων μιτογόνος παράγοτας. {στόσο, οαυξητικός παράγοντας ALR βρέθηκε να εκφράζεται και σε άλλους ιστούς, μεδιαφορετικές υποκυτταρικές εντοπίσεις και με λειτουργίες που δεν σχετίζονται μόνομε την ηπατική αναγέννηση.Η έκφραση του γονιδίου ALR έχει προηγουμένως μελετηθεί στην κίρρωση, τοηπατοκυτταρικό και χολαγγειοκυτταρικό καρκίνωμα.Στην παρούσα μελέτη, η έκφραση του γονιδίου ALR ανιχνεύθηκε καιποσοτικοποιήθηκε, για πρώτη φορά, σε βιολογικό υλικό παχεός εντέρου – ορθού,τόσο σε καρκινικό όσο και σε παρακείμενο «φυσιολογικό» ιστό, χρησιμοποιώνταςτην αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση πολυμεράσης πραγματικού χρόνου (Real time qRT-PCR).Το μεταγραφικό προφίλ του παράγοντα ALR, στη συνέχεια, συσχετίστηκε μεκλινικοεργαστηριακές – παθολογοανατομικές παραμέτρους. Η έκφραση του γονιδίουALR, επίσης, ανιχνεύθηκε και ποσοτικοποιήθηκε σε κυτταρικές σειρές, τόσοκαρκίνου παχέος εντέρου – ορθού όσο και άλλου τύπου καρκίνου, καθώς και σεκυτταρική σειρά «φυσιολογικών» μη νεοπλασματικών επιθηλιακών κυττάρων.Τα επίπεδα έκφρασης του γονιδίου ALR στον καρκινικό ιστό εμφανίζονταιπαρόμοια σε σύγκριση με τον αντίστοιχο παρακείμενο «φυσιολογικό» ιστό καισχετίζονται αντιστρόφως ανάλογα με τον ιστολογικό βαθμό κακοήθειας(διαφοροποίηση) και το στάδιο κατά Dukes. Τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματαεπαληθεύτηκαν και στις κυτταρικές σειρές.Καταλήγοντας, τα αποτελέσματα της συγκεκριμένης μελέτης αποκάλυψαν μίαπιθανή εμπλοκή του γονιδίου ALR στα πρώιμα στάδια της καρκινογένεσης τουπαχέος εντέρου και του ορθού.
Προγνωστικοί μοριακοί δείκτες σε ασθενείς με οικογενή καρκίνο του μαστού
Authors: Καραντζίκος Γεώργιος-Ανάργυρος
Published: July 2014

Η οικογενής και σποραδικής μορφή καρκίνου μαστού χαρακτηρίζεται από διακριτά πρώιμα γεγονότα. Σκοπός: Η μελέτη στόχευε να διερευνήσει αν αυτά επηρεάζουν το είδος του κυτταρικού θανάτου καθώς και την έκφραση των γονιδίων που συμμετέχουν στη διαδικασία αυτή. Μεθοδολογία: Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τμήματα όγκων ασθενών με οικογενή (29 ασθενείς) και σποραδικό (51 ασθενείς) καρκίνο μαστού, εγκλεισμένα σε κύβους παραφίνης. Η κυτταρική απόπτωση και νέκρωση μετρήθηκαν με κυτταρομετρία ροής, με 7-Αμινο-Ακτινομυκίνη D (7-A AD). Η ίδια τεχνική χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ανίχνευση της έκφρασης των πρωτεϊνών 14-3-3β και καβεολίνης-1. Με ανοσοϊστοχημεία διερευνήθηκε η έκφραση και κατανομή των πρωτεϊνών p53, bcl-2. bax, 14-3-3β και καβεολίνης-1. Αποτελέσματα: Η απόπτωση μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων δεν παρουσίασε στατιστικώςσημαντική διαφορά ενώ μειωμένη νέκρωση παρουσίασε η ομάδα ασθενών με οικογενή καρκίνο μαστού, οι οποίοι ήταν συχνότερα θετικοί στα γονίδια p53 και bcl-2 (p-0.043 και p=0.038 αντιστοίχως). Η ίδια ομάδα παρουσίασε αυξημένη έκφραση της πρωτεΐνης 14-3-3β και μειωμένη έκφραση της πρωτεΐνης καβεολίνης-1 (p<0.001 και p=0.012 αντιστοίχως). Παρόμοια αποτελέσματα βρέθηκαν επίσης για τους 5 ασθενείς με μεταλλάξεις στα γονίδια BRCA1&2, οι οποίοι αναλύθηκαν ξεχωριστά. Η απόπτωση ήταν ανάλογη του ποσοστού των θετικών στην πρωτεΐνη 14-3-3 β κυττάρων και αντιστρόφως ανάλογη της έντασης της έκφρασης της πρωτεΐνης καβεολίνης-1. Η νέκρωση βρέθηκε να παρουσιάζει αντιστρόφως ανάλογη συσχέτιση με την έκφραση της πρωτεΐνης 14-3-3β. Η 5ετής επιβίωση μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων ασθενών δε διέφερε. Όμως οι ασθενείς με υπερέκφραση της καβεολίνης-1 (>50%) είχαν μειωμένη συνολική επιβίωση. Ανοσοϊστοχημικά η πρωτεΐνη 14-3-3β ανιχνεύθηκε στο κυτταρόπλασμα και στον πυρήνα των επιθηλιακών καρκινικών κυττάρων. Αντιθέτως, η πρωτεΐνη καβεολίνη-1 δεν ανιχνεύθηκε στο επιθήλιο αλλά εκφραζόταν στοστρώμα, στα λιποκύτταρα και στα ενδοθηλιακά κύτταρα. Συμπεράσματα: Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά υποστηρίζουν την υπόθεση ότι η ογκογένεση σε ασθενείς με οικογενή και σποραδικό καρκίνο μαστού ακολουθεί ξεχωριστούς βιολογικούς μηχανισμούς, που οδηγούν σε διαφορετική έκφραση των εμπλεκομένων γονιδίων. Επιπλέον, υποστηρίζει την αντίστροφη σχέση μεταξύ της υπερέκφρασης της καβεολίνης-1 και της επιβίωσης των ασθενών με καρκίνο μαστού υποδεικνύοντας πιθανούς στόχους νέων θεραπευτικών προσεγγίσεων.
Μετρήσεις αποστάσεων ανάμεσα σε εκφύσεις αρτηριών και αναζήτηση πιθανών συσχετίσεων
Authors: Παναγούλη Ελένη
Published: July 2014

Ο σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι διπλός: πρώτον να παράσχει επιπλέον στοιχεία σχετικά με τις κύριες αρτηρίες, τους κλάδους τους και τις μεταξύ τους σχέσεις και δεύτερον να διερευνηθούν τυχόν υπάρχουσες συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των υπό μελέτη αρτηριών, σε μια προσπάθεια να συνδεθεί η παρουσία κάποιων από τους ευρεθέντες συσχετισμούς με τις διαδικασίες αγγειογένεσης. Οι παραπάνω στόχοι εξυπηρετούνται με την πραγματοποίηση μετρήσεων και στατιστικής ανάλυσης αυτών σε ένα σε ένα σημαντικό αριθμό δειγμάτων. Έτσι, σε εβδομήντα έξι ανθρώπινα πτώματα των Ελληνικής καταγωγής εξετάστηκαν: 1. Τα σπονδυλικά επίπεδα έκφυσης και οι γωνίες από το οβελιαίο επίπεδο των μονοφυών κλάδων της κοιλιακής αορτής, των νεφρικών αρτηριών, και του διχασμού της κοιλιακής αορτής. 2. Τα μήκη της κοιλιακής, κοινής λαγονίου, κοινής μηριαίας και ανωνύμου αρτηρίας 3. Οι αποστάσεις μεταξύ των εκφύσεων όλων των παραπάνω αρτηριών, και μεταξύ της υποκλειδίου, της σπονδυλικής και της εν τω βάθει βραχιονίου αρτηρίας (δεξιά και αριστερά). Τα επίπεδα και οι γωνίες έκφυσης που παρατηρήθηκαν στην παρούσα μελέτη δεν διαφέρουν ουσιωδώς από παρόμοια δεδομένα, που αναφέρονται στη βιβλιογραφία. Τα αποτελέσματα μας έδειξαν ότι υπάρχει συμμετρία μεταξύ των αρτηριών των άκρων και μεταξύ του μήκος της κοιλιακής αορτής και των αποστάσεων των κλάδων της. Το μήκος της κοιλιακής αορτής εμφάνισε αρνητική συσχέτιση με το μήκος και των δύο κοινών λαγονίων αρτηριών. Το τμήμα μεταξύ της κάτω μεσεντερίου και της κοιλιακής αρτηρίας συσχετίστηκε με αποστάσεις από διαφορετικά μέρη του σώματος , κυρίως στη δεξιά πλευρά. Αυτή η απόσταση, το μήκος της αορτής, η απόσταση μεταξύ της κάτω μεσεντερίου και της κοιλιακής αρτηρίας και το μήκος και των δύο κοινών μηριαίων αρτηριών παρουσίασαν στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ανάλογα με το φύλο, ανεξάρτητα από το μήκος του σώματος και το ύψος. Τα δεδομένα μας υποστηρίζουν την άποψη ότι η τελική θέση και το μήκος των αρτηριών επηρεάζονται από τη θέση των αντίστοιχων σπλάχνων κατά τη διάρκεια της αγγειογένεσης, το μήκος του σώματος και το ύψος, το φύλο και από αγγειογενετικούς παράγοντες επιμήκυνσης.
FIELD TEST OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK IN THE NUCLEAR ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Li L. , Wang Q. , Bari A. , Deng C. , Chen D. , Jiang J. , Alexander Q. , Sur B.
Published: July 2014

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are appealing options for the health monitoring of nuclear power plants due to their low cost and flexibility. Before they can be used in highly regulated nuclear environments, their reliability in the nuclear environment and compatibility with existing devices have to be assessed. In situ electromagnetic interference tests, wireless signal propagation tests, and nuclear radiation hardness tests conducted on candidate WSN systems at AECL Chalk River Labs are presented. The results are favourable to WSN in nuclear applications.
Non-medical prescribers and benzodiazepines: A qualitative study
Authors: Brodie Liz , Donaldson Jayne , Watt Susan
Published: July 2014

Benzodiazepines continue to be widely prescribed in primary care for longer than guidelines advise and can cause adverse consequences for those who have long-term prescriptions. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of nonmedical prescribers (NMPs) in relation to their role in improving benzodiazepine prescribing management in primary care. A qualitative study using a thematic analysis framework, in which face-to-face interviews with eight NMPs from the disciplines of nursing and pharmacy were conducted in their areas of practice in 2011 in rural localities in southern Scotland. The NMPs view their qualification as rigorous in its capacity to promote more focused and confident practice, and provide detailed knowledge about medications and the ability to question the appropriateness of medicines. As medication review is an integral part of the role of the NMP they are suited to contribute positively to benzodiazepine prescribing management. Although several obstacles to the successful integration and full utilization of non-medical prescribing currently exist, more training in the recognition of mild-to-moderate mental health problems, psychopharmacology and alternative interventions would allow this role to be assumed with confidence. NMPs may have a useful role to play in benzodiazepine prescribing. NMPs have regular contact with patients in the older age group and those with chronic illnesses, and are in a prime position to utilize opportunistic medication review to improve concordance in this area of prescribing.
A Method to Obtain the Absorption Coefficient Spectrum of Single Grain Coal in the Aliphatic C–H Stretching Region Using Infrared Transflection Microspectroscopy
Authors: Tonoue Ryota , Katsura Makoto , Hamamoto Mai , Bessho Hiroki , Nakashima Satoru
Published: July 2014

A method was developed to obtain the absorption coefficient spectrum of a grain of coal (as small as 10–7) in the region of aliphatic and aromatic C-H stretching bands (2700–3200 cm−1) using infrared transflection microspectroscopy. In this method, the complex refractive index n – ik was determined using an optimization algorithm with the Kramers-Kronig transform so that the calculated transflection spectrum from the Fresnel equation corresponded to the measured one. The obtained absorption coefficients were compared with the bulk values determined from the potassium bromide (KBr) pellet measurement method.
Vulnerables frente al Riesgo. ¿Qué son los Escenarios?
Authors: ConCiencia Revista
Published: July 2014

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