bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of boundary layer stability on urban park cooling effect intensity
Authors: Haeffelin Martial , Ribaud Jean-François , Céspedes Jonnathan , Dupont Jean-Charles , Lemonsu Aude , Masson Valéry , Nagel Tim , Kotthaus Simone
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The added heat in cities amplifies the health risks of heat waves. At night under calm winds and cloud-free skies, the air in the urban canopy layer can be several degrees warmer than in rural areas. This lower nocturnal cooling in the built-up settings poses severe health risks to the urban inhabitants, as indoor spaces cannot be ventilated effectively. With heat waves becoming more frequent and more intense in future climates, many cities are expanding their green spaces with the aim to introduce cooling through shading, evaporation and lower heat storage capacities. In this study, we assessed how the evening and nighttime cooling effect of urban parks (relative to nearby built-up settings) varies with the park size and the mesoscale atmospheric conditions during warm summer periods. Using a combination of meteorological surface station data and compact radiosondes, the cooling effect is quantified for several urban parks (about 15 ha) and urban woods (about 900 ha). A profiling Doppler wind lidar deployed in the city centre is used to measure turbulent vertical mixing conditions in the urban boundary layer. We find that the maximum nocturnal cooling effects in urban parks range around 1–5 °C during a 1-week heat wave event in mid-July 2022 but also in general during summer 2022 (June–August). Three atmospheric stability and mixing regimes are identified that explain the night-to-night variability in the park cooling effect. We find that very low turbulent vertical mixing in the urban boundary layer (<0.05 m2 s−2) results in the strongest evening cooling in both rural settings and urban parks and the weakest cooling in the built-up environment. This regime specifically occurs during heat waves in connection with large-scale advection of hot air over the region and corresponding subsidence. When nocturnal turbulent vertical mixing above the city is stronger, the evening cooling in urban green spaces is less efficient, so the atmospheric stratification above both urban parks and woods is less stable, and temperature contrasts compared to the built-up environment are less pronounced. These results highlight the fact that urban green spaces have a significant cooling potential during heat waves, with maximum effects at night as advection and mixing transport processes are minimal. This suggests adapting the opening hours of public parks to enable residents to benefit from these cooling islands.
Were early Archean carbonate factories major carbon sinks on the juvenile Earth?
Authors: Xiang Wanli , Duda Jan-Peter , Pack Andreas , van Zuilen Mark , Reitner Joachim
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Paleoarchean carbonates in the Pilbara Craton (Western Australia) are important archives for life and environment on early Earth. Amongst others, carbonates occur in interstitial spaces of ca. 3.5–3.4 Ga pillow basalts (North Star, Mount Ada, Apex, and Euro Basalt, Dresser Formation) and are associated with bedded deposits (Dresser and Strelley Pool Formation, Euro Basalt). This study aims to understand the formation and geobiological significance of those early Archean carbonates by investigating their temporal–spatial distribution, petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry (e.g., trace elemental compositions, δ13C, δ18O). Three carbonate factories are recognized: (i) an oceanic crust factory, (ii) an organo-carbonate factory, and (iii) a microbial carbonate factory. The oceanic crust factory is characterized by carbonates formed in void spaces of basalt pillows (referred to as “interstitial carbonates” in this work). These carbonates precipitated inorganically on and within the basaltic oceanic crust from CO2-enriched seawater and seawater-derived alkaline hydrothermal fluids. The organo-carbonate factory is characterized by carbonate precipitates that are spatially associated with organic matter. The close association with organic matter suggests that the carbonates formed via organo-mineralization – that is, linked to organic macromolecules (either biotic or abiotic), which provided nucleation sites for carbonate crystal growth. Organo-carbonate associations occur in a wide variety of hydrothermally influenced settings, ranging from shallow marine environments to terrestrial hydrothermal ponds. The microbial carbonate factory includes carbonate precipitates formed through mineralization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) associated with microbial mats and biofilms. It is commonly linked to shallow subaquatic environments, where (anoxygenic) photoautotrophs might have been involved in carbonate formation. In the case of all three carbonate factories, hydrothermal fluids seem to play a key role in the formation and preservation of mineral precipitates. For instance, alkaline Earth metals and organic materials delivered by fluids may promote carbonate precipitation, whilst soluble silica in the fluids drives early chert formation, delicately preserving authigenic carbonate precipitates and associated features. Regardless of the formation pathway, Paleoarchean carbonates might have been major carbon sinks on the early Earth, as additionally suggested by carbon isotope mass balances indicating a carbon flux of 0.76–6.5 × 1012 mol yr−1. Accordingly, these carbonates may have played an important role in modulating the carbon cycle and, hence, climate variability on the early Earth.
A simple model of the turnover of organic carbon in a soil profile: model test, parameter identification and sensitivity
Authors: Coucheney Elsa , Herrmann Anke Marianne , Jarvis Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Simulation models are potentially useful tools to test our understanding of the processes involved in the turnover of soil organic carbon (SOC) and to evaluate the role of management practices in maintaining stocks of SOC. We describe here a simple model of SOC turnover at the soil profile scale that accounts for two key processes determining SOC persistence (i.e. microbial energy limitation and physical protection due to soil aggregation). We tested the model and evaluated the identifiability of key parameters using topsoil SOC contents measured in three treatments with contrasting organic matter inputs (i.e. fallow, mineral fertilized and cropped, with and without straw addition) in a long-term field trial. The estimated total input of organic matter (OM) in the treatment with straw added was roughly three times that of the treatment without straw addition, but only 12 % of the additional OM input remained in the soil after 54 years. By taking microbial energy limitation and enhanced physical protection of root residues into account, the model could explain the differences in C persistence among the three treatments, whilst also accurately matching the time-courses of SOC contents using the same set of model parameters. Models that do not explicitly consider microbial energy limitation and physical protection would need to adjust their parameter values (either decomposition rate constants or the retention coefficient) to match this data. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to identify the most influential parameters in the model determining soil profile stocks of OM at steady-state. Input distributions for soil and crop parameters in the model were defined for the agricultural production area of PO4 (east-central Sweden), which includes Uppsala. The resulting model predictions compared well with aggregated soil survey data for the PO4 region. This analysis showed that model parameters affecting SOC decomposition rates, including the rate constant for microbial-processed SOC and the parameters regulating physical protection and microbial energy limitation, are more sensitive than parameters determining OM inputs. Thus, the development of pedotransfer approaches to estimate SOC decomposition rates from soil properties would help to support predictive applications of the model at larger spatial scales.
Technical assessment combined with an extended cost–benefit analysis for the restoration of groundwater and forest ecosystem services – an application for Grand Bahama
Authors: Imig Anne , Perosa Francesca , Hotta Carolina Iwane , Klausner Sophia , Welsh Kristen , Zheng Yan , Rein Arno
Published: December 2024

Abstract. A large storm surge caused by Hurricane Dorian in 2019 resulted in extensive flooding and saltwater intrusion into the aquifers of the island of Grand Bahama. This caused about 40 % of the island's water supply to become brackish with no or slow recovery to date and damage to more than 70 % of mangroves and forests on Grand Bahama. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) and reforestation were considered nature-based solutions (NBS) to mitigate the impacts of Hurricane Dorian. First, a technical assessment of MAR investigated (hydro)geological aspects. As a result, potential locations for a MAR scheme are proposed. Further, a financial and an extended cost–benefit analysis (CBA) integrating ecosystem service (ES) assessments are conducted for proposed MAR and reforestation measures. Based on the current data availability, results indicate that the MAR scheme of rooftop rainwater harvesting is technically feasible. However, based on our first estimate with limited data, this MAR scheme will be able to provide only about 10 % of the water demand in the study area and thus would not be favorable from a financial perspective. Since MAR has a range of positive aspects (including potential reduction of desalinization efforts and improvement freshwater-dependent ecosystems), we recommend reassessment with more detailed hydrogeological data. On the other hand, reforestation measures are assessed to be financially profitable. The results of this study not only prove the technical feasibility and the added value of restoring groundwater and the forest ecosystem on Grand Bahama, but also highlight the associated high costs. The developed methods for investigating ecosystem services from an economic perspective was proven to allow for a systematic comparison of NBSs and reverse osmosis costs and benefits helping, e.g., policy- and decision-makers and to justify their implementation.
Structural analysis of traditional Chinese puzzle boxes
Authors: Lin Jian-Liang , Wang Hsin-Te , Cheng Ting-Fang , Hsiao Kuo-Hung
Published: December 2024

Abstract. A puzzle box (also known as a trick box) is a box that may be opened by solving some obstacles originally designed by the manufacturer. Some puzzle boxes may be opened with a few moves, while others call for problem-solving and decision-making skills to unlock all the blocks inside the box. Puzzle boxes have existed throughout the ancient ages of the east and west, and their popularity has grown significantly since the 17th century. Chinese puzzle boxes are classified into four types based on the first movement during the initial opening stage: whole-box rotation, mechanical-member sliding, mechanical-member rotation, and pin removal. Since the topological structure of the puzzle box changes during the opening process, it falls under the category of the variable topology mechanism. This study proposes a graphical method for systematically analyzing traditional Chinese puzzle boxes. It discusses the structural characteristics of puzzle boxes and applies line graphs to explain the variable topological structures involved in the opening process. The paper presents four different types of puzzle boxes as examples of applying the proposed method and illustrating the opening processes of the puzzle boxes. Traditional Chinese puzzle boxes are diverse and creative, displaying the skilled craftsmanship of ancient artisans. A series of puzzle boxed can be further systematically synthesized through the atlas of line graphs and generalized chains.
Addressing sanitation injustice through local government public toilet strategies
Authors: Grant-Smith Deanna , Webber Katherine
Published: December 2024

Sanitation injustice exists when people do not have equitable access to sanitation infrastructure. Public toilet strategies can address sanitary injustices in public spaces across cities, towns and regions, but very few local governments in Australia have formalised policies. Two exceptions are Cardinia Shire Council located on the urban fringe of Melbourne and Inner West Council in Sydney. Using these case sites, this briefing paper makes recommendations for local governments seeking to deliver sanitation justice through the development and implementation of effective public toilet strategies.
Sororidad y Telenovela Latinoamericana
Authors: Cassano Giuliana , Antezana Lorena , Gómez Gabriela
Published: December 2024

Este artículo busca reflexionar sobre las representaciones de la sororidad que nos han entregado las telenovelas en el Perú, Chile y México en años recientes, pues varias de ellas están poniendo en escena situaciones y temáticas referidas a la violencia de género contra la mujer. Apostamos por este tema por su importancia y vigencia, pero también porque la telenovela es un relato históricamente asociado al universo femenino; y la sororidad se manifiesta como una experiencia y una práctica femenina. Ello es relevante en el contexto latinoamericano porque las cifras de violencia constituyen ya una pandemia contra las mujeres. 
Sabemos que la telenovela reproduce, recrea y visibiliza – de manera simbólica- normas y mandatos, creencias y sanciones de cada sociedad y está hablando de sujetos sociales genéricamente constituidos en tiempos y contextos específicos, porque la telenovela nos ofrece un conjunto de representaciones que inciden en la manera en que vivimos y experimentamos nuestra propia subjetividad. Como señala Teresa de Lauretis (1989) la inscripción de género es un efecto producido en los cuerpos.
AS REPRESENTAÇÕES DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NO FINAL DO SÉCULO XIX: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO PERIÓDICO “A MÃI DE FAMILIA”
Authors: Moraes Juliana de Mello , Oliveira Claudinete de Fátima
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de implantação das primeiras instituições de educação infantil no Brasil e os debates sobre esse atendimento, a partir da imprensa carioca no final do século XIX. O aporte teórico-metodológico fundamenta-se na Nova História Cultural e utiliza o conceito de representação elaborado por Roger Chartier para problematizar as questões relacionadas à infância e sua educação no final do século XIX. Trata-se de uma análise documental realizada no periódico “A Mãi de Familia (1879-1888)”. Com esta pesquisa foi possível constatar que a educação infantil desse período teve como propósito a civilização da infância carioca.
Can a combination of nanofat and freeze-dried human amniotic membrane enhance full-thickness wound healing? An animal study using rabbit models
Authors: Hidayati Citra A. , Saputro Iswinarno D. , Budi Agus S.
Published: December 2024

Previous studies have explored nanofat stimulating tissue regeneration and maturation, promoting remodeling through its rich content of growth factors and stem cells; however, comprehensive data on its use in full-thickness wounds remains limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of combining nanofat with freeze-dried human amniotic membrane (FDHAM) for treating full-thickness wounds in a rabbit model. An animal experimental study using a post-test control group design was conducted. Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (received a combination of nanofat and FDHAM) and the control group (received FDHAM alone). Each group was subdivided to evaluate effects on days 3 and 7. Macroscopic evaluations of wound healing, microscopic assessment of epithelialization and measurement of epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels in the wounds were conducted on days 3 and 7 post-injury. The present study indicated that the combination treatment significantly elevated EGF levels in the wounds on both days 3 and 7 (with p<0.001 for both assessment time points). The combination of nanofat-FDHAM did not significantly accelerate epithelialization on either day 3 or 7. This study highlights that combining nanofat with FDHAM did not significantly speed up epithelialization of full-thickness wounds within the first seven days; however, it notably increased EGF levels, suggesting that nanofat may enhance the wound's biological environment.
Bawaslu's Strategy in Increasing Community Participation: Preventive Efforts in Supervision and Prevention of Violations in the 2024 Regional Election in Surabaya
Authors: Rusdi Bachtiar Faizal , Kartika Oktaviani Amelia , Hanif Baihaqi Muhammad , Ismail Hasan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the strategy of the Surabaya City Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) in increasing public participation as a preventive effort in supervising the 2024 Pilkada. Bawaslu uses a collaborative governance approach that involves non-government actors in decision-making and utilizes digital technology through the Sigaplapor platform to facilitate reporting of election violations. The use of social media and training for volunteer supervisors are also part of this strategy. The results of the study show that public participation through a collaborative approach and digital technology has succeeded in strengthening election supervision. However, there are still challenges in the form of limited digital literacy and resistance from certain political actors. This policy requires increasing digital literacy, strengthening cooperation with law enforcement, and increasing digital security to ensure the sustainability of inclusive, transparent, and accountable election supervision.
METABOLISM OF YOUNG DEKALB WHITE CROSS CHICKS AT THE AGE OF 42, 90 AND 105 DAYS
Authors:   FSBSI Far Eastern Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Malkova N.N. , Zalyubovskaya E.Yu. ,   FSBSI Far Eastern Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Mansurova M.S. ,   FSBSI Far Eastern Zone Research Veterinary Institute, Ostyakova M.E. ,   FSBSI Far Eastern Zone Research Veterinary Institute
Published: December 2024

The article describes the results of a study on metabolism in young Dekalb White cross chickens aged 42, 90 and 105 days, taking into account live weight gain, physiological norms and feeding level. The findings indicate the tension of metabolic processes, as well as the intensity of growth at this stage of chicken ontogenesis, which are most pronounced during the period of full plumage rather than at the beginning of puberty. Metabolic imbalance and deviations from the normative values of biochemical parameters characterizing the liver and kidney function were also established which was determined by the level of feeding.
КАРАХАНДАРДА КЫЗДАРГА КОЮЛГАН ЫСЫМДАР (МАХМУД КАШГАРИНИН “ДИВАН ЛУГАТ АТ-ТҮРК” СӨЗДҮГҮНҮН МИСАЛЫНДА)
Authors: Абдимиталип уулу Нурсултан
Published: December 2024

Ономастика тил илиминин ысымдар тармагын кучагына алган бөлүк. Ономастика илиминин антропонимика тармагы адам ысымдарын изилдөөгө багытталган. Адам аттарында элдин тарыхы, тарыхый аң-сезими, ишенимдери ж.б. катылып жатат. Айрым учурда унутулган сөздөр адам аттарында гана сакталып калат. Аны изилдеп, фольклорудк жана этнографиялык булактар менен салыштырып, белгилүү бир элдин коңшу элдер менен болгон маданий байланыштарын, жер аттарын ж.б. тактап алууга болот. Орто кылымдарда карахандар доорунун аалымы Махмуд Кашгаринин “Диван Лугат ат-Түрк” эмгегинде көптөгөн этнографиялык маалыматтар менен кошо адам аттары да берилген. Махмуд Кашгаринин эмгегинде негизинен эркектердин ысымдары берилген. Бирок ошентсе да алардын арасында карахандар доорунда кеңири тараган кыздарга коюлган аттар да катталган. Макалабызда карахандардагы кыздарга коюлган түрк тектүү ысымдарды классификациялап, аларды азыркы кездеги кыргыз коомунда кыздарга коюлган аттар менен салыштырып караганга аракеттендик.
A Study of Academic Stress in Relation to Gender and Types of Schools
Authors: Aruna Anchal, Karishma
Published: December 2024

This study investigates academic stress among senior secondary school students, focusing on gender differences and the types of schools attended. The problem was framed as: "A Study of Academic Stress in Relation to Gender and Types of Schools." The objectives were to examine the levels of academic stress among male and female students and to analyze stress levels between students in government and private schools. The hypotheses stated that there is no significant difference in academic stress between male and female students and no significant difference between students in government and private schools. A descriptive survey method was employed to collect data from 600 students across three districts in Haryana—Bhiwani, Charkhi Dadri, and Rohtak. The tool used was the "Scale for Assessing Academic Stress" by Udai Kumar Sinha, and statistical techniques such as mean, standard deviation, and the 't' test were applied. Findings revealed that male students experience higher levels of academic stress than female students. Government school students also reported significantly greater academic stress compared to private school students. These results suggest the need for gender-sensitive interventions and enhanced resources in government schools to reduce academic stress and promote a supportive learning environment.
Estimating the costs of serious and organised crime in Australia, 2022–23
Authors: Smith Russell
Published: December 2024

This report estimates the cost of serious and organised crime in Australia in 2022–23 to be between $30.4b and $68.7b. This is the fourth in a series of reports undertaken for the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission estimating the cost of serious and organised crime. It updates and improves on the methodology used in the previous report, which estimated the cost of serious and organised crime in 2020–21 to be between $24.8b and $60.1b. As with the previous research, this report considers the direct and consequential costs of serious and organised crime in Australia, as well as the costs to government entities, businesses and individuals associated with preventing and responding to serious and organised crime. The current estimate includes the cost of some additional crime types, not previously included, but even accounting for these additions it is clear that serious and organised crime continues to impose a substantial burden on the Australian economy.
Լենինականի քաղաքային ժողովրդական երգը երաժշտագետ Հ.Ափինյանի գրառումներում
Authors: Հարությունյան Հասմիկ Հայկի
Published: December 2024

Հ.Ափինյանը ՀՀ ԳԱԱ Շիրակի հայագիտական հետազոտությունների կենտրոնի հիմնադիր գիտնականներից մեկն է, որն իր հոգևոր և մասնագիտական բոլոր կարողությունները նվիրաբերեց հայ ազգային երաժշտության և, մասնավորաբար, Շիրակի ժողովրդական և ժողովրդապրոֆեսիոնալ երաժշտական նմուշների գրառման, համակարգման և ուսումնասիրման գործին:
H. Apinyan is one of the founding scientists of the Shirak Center for Armenian Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, who devoted all her spiritual and professional abilities to recording, systematizing and studying Armenian national music, in particular, folk and folk-professional music of Shirak.
А. Апинян – одна из ученых-основателей Ширакского центра арменоведческих исследований Национальной академии наук РА, посвятившая все свои духовные и профессиональные способности записи, систематизации и изучению армянской национальной музыки, в частности, народной и народно-профессиональной музыки Ширака.
Una botta di orticaria
Authors: Cappozzo Francesca , Crocco Marco
Published: December 2024

A 4-year-old patient presented with recurrent urticaria without a clear trigger. After excluding other allergic causes, a direct link between urticaria and celiac disease was observed, a condition that affected the child who showed no gastrointestinal symptoms.
Comparison Between Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur by Dynamic Hip Screws (DHS) and Proximal Femoral Locked Compression Plate (PFLCP)
Authors: Mustofa Md. Gulam , Saha Sushmoy , Ahmed Sabbir
Published: December 2024

Background: Intertrochanteric fracture is one of the most common fractures of the hip especially in the elderly with osteoporotic bone. Dynamic Hip screws (DHS) is still considered the gold standard treatment for Intertrochanteric fracture. This study was done to compare the functional and radiological outcome for the treatment of unstable Intertrochanteric fracture. (AO/ATO: 31A2.2. , 31A2.3.). Material & Methods: The study included a total of 30 patients with intertrochanteric fractures who were subjected to PFLCP & DHS treatment. From January, 2020 to December 2022, a prospective comparative study was done who were operated by using PFLCP & DHS. Ethical community approval was taken from local ethical committee of President Abdul Hamid Medical College Hospital. Patient consent was taken in prescribed format. Functional outcome and radiological assessment is done using Harris hip score on 3rd, 6th & 12th months post-operatively. Results: We found that patient treated with DHS had increased blood loss (159 ml), longer duration of surgery (105 min), delayed mobilisation. But PFLCP – had lowered blood loss (73 ml), shorter duration (91 min) and early mobilisation. Shortening of the limbs in DHS group is 9.33 mm. Vs PFLCP groups is 4.72 mm. Conclusions: PFLCP is better than DHS for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in-term of decreased blood loss, duration, early weight bearing, mobilisation, less hospital stay, decreased infection and complications.
Improvement of AOFAS Score after Suture Endobutton Fixation for Ankle Syndesmosis Injury: A Prospective Interventional Study.
Authors: Sarker Manash Chandra , Alam Md. Jahangir , Chowdhury Golam Mahbub , Bhowmik Devolina , Hussain Muhammad Raquib , Hasan Mohammad Zahid , Hossain Md. Zakir , Ferdoushi Naima
Published: December 2024

Background: Ankle syndesmosis injuries, comprising disruptions to the distal tibiofibular joint, present challenges in orthopedic management, necessitating effective interventions to restore optimal function. Suture-endobutton fixation has emerged as a promising surgical technique for stabilizing the syndesmotic complex. The aim of this study was to determine the improvement of AOFAS score after suture endobutton fixation for ankle syndesmosis injury. Material & Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2019 to August 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic only 24 samples could be collected who completed the final follow-up. Results: In our study we found the mean AOFAS sub score of pain was 18.33±5.64 in pre-operative follow up and 29.58±2.04 in 24 weeks follow up. P-value was <0.001 which is statistically significant. The mean AOFAS score improved significantly from a preoperative value of 22.71±7.07 to 85.29±9.41 at final follow up. Conclusions: In conclusion, this prospective interventional study underscores the effectiveness of suture-endobutton fixation in improving AOFAS scores and overall outcomes for patients with ankle syndesmosis injuries.
Outcome of Ankle Syndesmotic Injury Fixation by Suture Endobutton: A Prospective Interventional Study at NITOR
Authors: Chowdhury Golam Mahbub , Alam Md. Jahangir , Sarker Manash Chandra , Khan Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman , Halder Rabin Chandra , Rahaman Syed Khaledur , Rahman Md. Mostafizur
Published: December 2024

Background: The distal tibiofibular syndesmosis connects the lower leg bones and supports the ankle joint. When this structure is injured, often due to ankle fractures, it can cause long-term problems that require surgical repair. Two common methods of surgery are screw and suture-button fixation, with the latter showing better results in recent studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of suture-endobutton fixation for acute ankle syndesmotic injury. Material & Methods: This study followed 24 patients with acute ankle syndesmotic injury who underwent suture endobutton fixation at NITOR, Dhaka, from May 2019 to August 2021. The patients were observed for 24 weeks and their outcomes were evaluated by the AOFAS score and radiological analysis together with reported complications.Results: The study involved 24 patients with acute ankle syndesmotic injury who underwent surgery. The patients were mostly male 19 (79.17%), had PER type of injury 23 (95.83%), and injured by RTA 12 (50.00%) or twisting force 10 (41.67%). According to the AOFAS score, at the final follow up 12 (50%) patients had an excellent outcome, 08 (33.33%) patients had a good outcome, 3 (12.5%) patients had a fair outcome, and 1 (4.2%) patient had a poor outcome.Conclusions: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of suture-endobutton fixation for acute ankle syndesmotic injury. From this study it can be concluded that suture endobutton fixation is an effective treatment option for acute syndesmotic injuries of ankle.
Comparative Analysis of Visual Outcomes and Complications: Age-related Patterns of Uveitis in Pediatric patients
Authors: Sultana K.M. Shakila , Haque Md. Mamunul , Siddiki Jahangeer Alam , Sultana Nigar , Alam Md. Faysol
Published: December 2024

Background: Although it only makes up 2 to 14% of all cases, juvenile uveitis is rare and causes negligible ocular damage. A young person suffering from the disease may become legally blind and have lifelong disability due to the greater rate of complications associated with its course. The aim of the study was to assess the Age-related Patterns of Uveitis in Pediatric Patients: A Comparative Analysis of Visual Outcomes and Complications. Material & Methods: This study was a comparative study conducted at North Bengal Medical College, Sirajganj & Prof. MA Matin Memorial BNSB based Eye Hospital, Sirajganj. The sample size was 150 and the duration of the study was 2021 to 2022. After collection, the data were checked and cleaned, followed by editing, compiling, coding and categorizing according to the objectives and variable to detect errors and to maintain consistency, relevancy and quality control. Statistical evaluation of the results used to be obtained via the use of a window-based computer software program devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24). Results: Regarding age 40% of the patients had ≤8 years of age and 60% had > 8 years of age mean age at presentation (SD) was 7 (4.7) years in ≤8 years patients and 5 (3.6) years in > 8 years patient’s. Mean follow up, months (SD) was 15 (10) in ≤8 years patient’s and 12 (8 ) in > 8 years patient’s. Mean number of uveitis episodes (SD) was 15 (10) in ≤8 years patient’s and 7.87 in > 8 years patient’s. About 78% of the patients were male and 22% of them were female. Idiopathic uveitis was the most common diagnosis. In patients of ≤8 years Idiopathic Causes were 50 (55.55), Autoimmune 30 (33.33) and Infectious 10 (11.11). In patients of > 8 years Idiopathic Causes were 28 (46.67), Autoimmune 20 (33.33) and Infectious 12 (20). With regards to the different etiologies, idiopathic uveitis was the most common and no significant differences in etiologies were noted between the younger and older groups. There were no variations in the methods of treatment across the groups. In a similar vein, no discernible variations in procedure types or rates were discovered between age groups. Visual impairment was present in 48% of the visually immature eyes and 36.3% of visually mature eyes at first visit. In general there was an improvement in vision at subsequent visits in both age groups. Improvement by 2 or more lines was significant in the younger age group both at 6 and 12 months (p = 0.02, 0.03). Conclusions: Pediatric uveitis is an uncommon condition, it can have devastating effects on young patients’ visual prognosis. Because of the higher rate of problems linked with the disease’s course, a young individual afflicted with it may become legally blind and have lifelong handicap.
Post Covid 19 HBA1C Level in Non-Diabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis at Baseline and 3 Months
Authors: Thakur Sharmila , Das Abhay Kumar , Kumari Meetu , Singh Sneha
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of Coronavirus on HB1AC levels in non-diabetic patients and impact of HB1AC levels in treated and untreated periodontitis in post covid patients. Material & Methods: 20 post covid patients with chronic periodontitis were taken for the study. Patients were divided into test(SRP) and controlled (without SRP) group. These HB1AC level and clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months. Results: All the clinical parameters and HB1AC levels were statistically significant in test group in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: In post covid non-diabetic patients with periodontitis had higher levels of HB1AC, non- surgical therapy was performed, tends to improve the HB1AC level in treated patients than untreated patients.
The Effectiveness and Comparison of the Outcome of Tibialis Posterior Tendon Transfer to Tibialis Anterior & Peroneus Longus Versus Extensor Hallucis Longus & Extensor Digitorum Longus for Management of Footdrop
Authors: Monir Md. Moniruzzaman , Das Krishna Priya , Hoque Shah Md. Samsul , Ahmed Md. Bulbul
Published: December 2024

Background: Common Peroneal Nerve (CPN) palsy resulting footdrop has been reported as the most frequent lower extremity palsy. Footdrop is a disabling condition and the result of nerve repair and grafting is not promising. The aim of the study purpose of this present study was to find out the effectiveness and compairsion of the outcome of Tibialis Posterior tendon transfer to Tibialis Anterior & Peroneus Longus Versus Extensor Hallucis Longus & Extensor Digitorum longus for management of Footdrop. Material & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, BSMMU, Dhaka for duration of two and half years. Thirty patients of footdrop were selected. Purposive type of non probability sampling technique was used as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Total number of patients were divided into two groups, Group-I who treated with Tibialis Posterior tendon transfer to Tibialis Anterior & Peroneus Longus, Group-II who were treated with Tibialis Posterior tendon transfer to Extensor Hallucis Longus & Extensor Digitorum Longus. Results: A total number of 30 patients (male- 26 and female-4) were recruited in this study. Mean age was 35.4. Right foot was affected more. 80.0% cases had common peroneal nerve injuries. In Group I and II 12 (80.0%) patients had lateral aspect of knee injury, 1 (6.7%) had popliteal fossa, infront of ankle and anterior leg in Group I and 3 (20.0%) had anterior leg in Group II (p = 0.392ns). Conclusions: Outcome of both the procedures is almost same.
Efficacy of Vaginal Misoprostol and Intracervical Catheterization in Labour Induction for Vaginal Delivery in Eclampsia Patients
Authors: Rahman Nazneen , Farhin Kazi Khadeza , Sultana Rahima , Rahman Shahinur , Khatun Mst. Sharifa , Khatun Mahfuza , Khatun Tahmina , Khatun Asma
Published: December 2024

Background: Eclampsia, a severe complication of pregnancy characterized by seizures, remains a significant cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Effective and safe labor induction methods are crucial for managing eclampsia, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study compares the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol and intracervical Foley’s catheterization for labor induction in eclamptic patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the vaginal misoprostol and intracervical catheterization to induce labor in eclamptic patients. Material & Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Eclampsia unit of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Bangladesh. Sixty antepartum eclamptic patients were enrolled with 30 receiving vaginal Misoprostol (25µg every 6 hours for 24 hours) and 30 undergoing intracervical Foley’s catheterization. The study assessed induction-delivery interval, mode of delivery and maternal and neonatal complications. Baseline characteristics including age, socioeconomic status, gravidity, gestational age and Bishop’s Score were recorded. Results: The induction to active labor interval averaged 9.13 ± 3.45 hours for the Misoprostol group and 10.27 ± 3.26 hours for the Catheterization group (p=0.197). Active labor to delivery times were 6.48 ± 4.20 hours and 5.67 ± 5.79 hours respectively (p=0.566). Total induction to delivery times were comparable at 15.48 ± 5.02 hours for Misoprostol and 15.92 ± 6.12 hours for Catheterization (p=0.771). Vaginal delivery was achieved in 76.67% of the Misoprostol group and 83.33% of the Catheterization group. Complication rates including tachysystole (10% vs. 6.67%), uterine hyperstimulation (3.33% vs. 0%) and maternal fever (6.67% vs. 3.33%), were similar in both groups. Neonatal outcomes such as mortality (36.67% vs. 30%) and NICU admissions (36.67% vs. 30%) showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Both vaginal misoprostol and intracervical Foley’s catheterization are equally effective and safe for labor induction in eclampsia with comparable induction times, delivery outcomes and complication rates. These findings are significant for resource-limited settings, guiding clinical decisions in labor induction for eclamptic patients.
Exploring the Correlation Between Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in the Study Population
Authors: Mridha Md. Sohel , Rashid Md. Mamunur , Kundu Samir , Momen Abdul , Afroza Nahid , Masum Mahmudul Hasan , Alam Iftekhar
Published: December 2024

Background: Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) presents a significant risk in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study investigates the association between the Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio (FAR) and CIN in such patients. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, from June 2019 to May 2020. 200 NSTE-ACS patients undergoing PCI were categorized into two groups based on FAR: Group I (FAR ≥ 0.106, n=100) and Group II (FAR < 0.106, n=100). Clinical parameters, including pulse rate, blood pressure, and biochemical markers, were analyzed. The incidence of CIN and the role of FAR as a predictive marker were statistically evaluated. Results: Baseline clinical parameters showed no significant differences between the groups, with pulse rates averaging 88.8±16.4 bpm in Group I and 87.7±11.4 bpm in Group II (p=0.62). Troponin I levels were higher in Group I (42.1±24.6 ng/dl) compared to Group II (35.5±25.6 ng/dl, p=0.07). Group I also exhibited higher hemoglobin levels (12.5±1.5 gm/dl vs. 12.0±1.5 gm/dl in Group II, p=0.02). The incidence of CIN was significantly higher in Group I at 12%, compared to 2% in Group II. FAR was identified as a significant predictor of CIN, with an odds ratio of 11.45 (p=0.006). Conclusions: The study establishes FAR as a significant independent predictor of CIN in NSTE-ACS patients undergoing PCI. These findings suggest that FAR can be an effective biomarker for assessing CIN risk, potentially guiding more tailored patient management strategies in this high-risk group.
Forest-Based Livelihoods and the Role of the State in Mizoram: Balancing Conservation and Economic Needs
Authors: Vanlalhlimpuii Janet , Thianghlima R.V.L. , Pachuau Ramthanpuia
Published: December 2024

This study delves into the intricate relationship between forest-based livelihoods and conservation policies in Mizoram, a state in Northeast India known for its dense forests. These forests are central to the lives of local communities, providing resources for activities like shifting cultivation (jhum), bamboo harvesting, and collecting non-timber forest products. However, these traditional practices often clash with modern conservation efforts aimed at reducing deforestation and protecting biodiversity. By exploring the history of forest governance—from pre-colonial systems led by village chiefs to post-independence policies like the New Land Use Policy (NLUP) and Joint Forest Management (JFM)—the study sheds light on the socio-economic importance of forests and the challenges posed by unclear land rights, limited community involvement, and global frameworks like REDD+. Through qualitative research and case studies, it highlights the need to blend traditional ecological knowledge with modern approaches, promote sustainable livelihoods, and create policies that include and benefit local communities. The findings emphasize that with inclusive strategies, Mizoram can protect its biodiversity while ensuring the prosperity of its people, offering valuable insights into sustainable development for forest-rich regions worldwide.
Key Words: Forest, Ecology, Pre-Colonial, Colonial Period, Post Independence, Policies, Administration, Sustainable.
PENDETEKSI BOTNET MALWARE DDOS UNTUK MENCEGAH SERANGAN DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICES
Authors: Slamet Slamet
Published: December 2024

Jaringan komputer berskala besar membutuhkan model deteksi dan respons yang efektif terhadap serangan DDoS. Berdasarkan kemajuan infrastruktur jaringan seperti server, switch, router atau peralatan jaringan lainnya, trafik serangan DDoS yang berasal dari sistem yang terinfeksi malware mampu melumpuhkan jaringan internal organisasi dan telah menjadi ancaman yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menghitung dan mencocokkan sejumlah atribut paket di dalam jaringan internal dan menganalisis atribut anomali sebagai pendeteksi serangan botnet Malware DDoS. Akurasi deteksi dan kinerja trafik yang dikumpulkan secara real time pada jaringan utama dianalisis menggunakan algoritma pendeteksi Botnet Malware DDoS. Hasilnya, serangan DDoS pada jaringan internal terdeteksi secara real time dengan banyaknya botnet DDoS yang tidak terkonfirmasi. Dengan mendeteksi host yang terinfeksi malware secara real-time, rencana tindak lanjut dapat dilakukan sebelum penghentian intrusi pada jaringan internal yang disebabkan oleh lalu lintas serangan DDoS berskala besar
PENERAPAN METODE DATA MINING UNTUK PREDIKSI DINI KEGAGALAN MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA DECISION TREE
Authors: Noviyanto Hendri , Fauzi Arma
Published: December 2024

Kompleksitas permasalahan yang terdapat pada lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi yang dialami oleh Mahasiswa menyebabkan beberapa kemungkinan buruk seperti mahasiswa lulus tidak tepat waktu, dropout dan waktu tunggu mahasiswa yang cukup panjang. Hal tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor  penghambat dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Pada era digitalisasi pengembangan sumber daya manusia dituntut sangat cepat dan mutakhir. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kemungkinan terburuk cukup banyak, beberapa diantaranya seperti manajemen waktu, motivasi yang rendah, depresi karena tekanan personal dan sosial, kesalahan dalam memilih jurusan sesuai dengan passion, masalah keuangan, dan resource belajar. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan proses prediksi dini kegagalan mahasiswa. Pada tahap proses belajar, beberapa mahasiswa membutuhkan sebuah bimbingan yang intens terkait dengan permasalah internal maupun eksternal. Namun, sering kita temukan mahasiswa tidak mampu atau tidak berani bertanya terkait dengan permasalahan yang sedang dihadapi. Hal ini banyak ditemukan di lingkungan pendidikan karena seperti terdapat jarak atau jurang pembatas yang membuat mahasiswa merasa takut. Sehingga dengan sistem ini diharapkan pemangku kepentinganlah yang merangkul mahasiswa terlebih dahulu. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk memprediksi kegagalan akademis mahasiswa yang berfokus pada informasi penting untuk membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan mahasiswa. Berdasarkan pada penelitian ini diharapkan informasi penting dapat diberikan kepada pemangku kepentingan dan dengan tepat serta cepat mengetahui kondisi mahasiswa untuk mengambil langkah-langkah strategis guna mencegah kegagalan akademis mahasiswa lebih lanjut. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma decision tree dengan menerapakan beberapa nilai K pada K-Fold Crossvalidation. Nilai K terbaik diperoleh pada nilai 8. Proses seleksi fitur diterapkan untuk mendapatkan fitur terbaik, terbukti bahwa seleksi fitur mampu meningkatkan nilai akurasi menjadi 90%.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM SENSOR PH 4502C DAN SENSOR SEN0189 PADA AIR LIMBAH UNTUK MENDETEKSI TINGKAT CAIRAN BERBAHAYA
Authors: Kurniawan Ricky Ari , Amrulloh Muhammad Faishol , Amrulloh Muhammad Faishol
Published: December 2024

Limbah adalah sisai dairi suaitu baihain usaihai aitaiu kegiaitain. Limbaih berbaihaiyai dain beraicun aidailaih sisai suaitu usaihai aitaiu kegiaitain yaing mengaindung baihain berbaihaiyai. Sungaii konaing sailaih saitu sungaii yaing beraidai di Dusun Konaing, Desai Sukorenai, Kecaimaitain Prigen. Aiir sungaii menjaidi keruh dain kotor aikibait pencemairain aiir limbaih dairi perusaihaiain AiBCD, aiir sungaii tersebut berdaimpaik buruk terhaidaip mainusiai dain lingkungain sekitair dain mengaikibaitkain aidainyai zait aitaiu caiirain berbaihaiyai. Peneraipain sistem pendeteksi caiirain dengain memainfaiaitkain internet of things menjaidi laingkaih yaing efektif dengain tujuain untuk mendeteksi caiirain berbaihaiyai paidai aiir limbaih dain menciptaikain lingkungain yaing sejaihterai baigi mainusiai, dengain menggunaikain metode Reseairch aind Development sertai menggunaikain sensor pH 4502c untuk mengukur tingkait pH aiir dain sensor sen0189 untuk mengukur tingkait kekeruhain aiir