bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da «selvaggi» a «moretti»
Authors: Ghedini Giacomo
Published: July 2023

During the 19th Century, more than 2000 children of sub-Saharan origin were redeemed from slavery by missionaries and educated in Europe with the aim of sending them back to Africa as «indigenous missionaries». Yet, so far this phenomenon has found no place in historiography and collective memory. Forgotten, perhaps, or removed. The so-called «moretti» were not mere anonymous satellites, orbiting around the European missionaries. Victims of the choices of others, but also protagonists according their own choices, they were real «agents of history». This book is a first attempt to remove them from the peripheries of our narratives and to return them a place and a name. The archives show it clearly: African-Europeans are far from being just recent actors of European history.
Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Briggs Omiete Victoria Olulu- , Goya Titi Sunday-
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the influence of financial sector development on the economic growth of Nigeria. It examines how financial access, financial depth, financial stability, and financial efficiency affect Nigeria's gross domestic product using annual series data from 1986 to 2021, and sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria data bank. The descriptive, unit root, co-integration and Parsimonious error correction as well as the Granger Causality test were adopted at the 95% confidence level. From the analysis, all variables are integrated at order one; and presented of long-run cointegration. The Parsimonious error correction model confirmed that financial access and its depth are both positive and significant to gross domestic product, whereas financial stability and efficiency are both positive but insignificant to gross domestic product. The Granger causality test demonstrated a one-way movement from to gross domestic product to financial access, and a two-way causality between financial depth and gross domestic product only. In conclusion, the expansion of Nigeria's financial industry has a substantial impact on the growth of her economy. The study thus suggests that financial institutions should continue to allocate more funds to the private sector in the form of credit in order to stimulate more growth prospects in the economy. In addition, interest rates paid to depositors should be improved to attract more deposits; while simultaneously cutting back the rate charged on business loans and advances in order to encourage investors to borrow funds and invest in profitable ventures that will quicken growth.
QALYs: The Math Doesn’t Work
Authors: Sawhney Tia G. , Dobes Angela , O'Charoen Sirimon
Published: July 2023

The quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) is a metric widely used when assessing the cost-effectiveness of drugs and other health interventions. The assessments are used in the development of recommendations for pricing, formulary placement decisions, and health policy decisions. A new bill, H.R. 485, the Protecting Health Care for All Patients Act of 2023, was approved by the US House Energy and Commerce Health Subcommittee that will, if passed, end the practice of using QALYs in all federal programs.1,2

Proponents of the ban say that QALYs undervalue the positive effects of therapeutics on people with disabilities.3 We share their concerns. Furthermore, our review of the mathematical properties of QALYs, including an analysis of quality-of-life utility (QOL utility) data recently collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has led us to conclude that QALYs are an inappropriate metric of drug and treatment cost-effectiveness for all people, both disabled and nondisabled, and should not be the basis for US healthcare policy decisions.
A Comprehensive Review: Advancements in Pretrained and Deep Learning Methods in the Disease Detection of Rice Plants
Authors: Akash Arya  , P.K. Mishra
Published: July 2023

Rice cultivation is essential to the global economy, particularly in India, where it holds the distinction of being the largest rice exporter and the second-largest rice producer. However, the agricultural sector faces significant challenges due to diseases and pests that negatively impact the crops, by hindering the plant growth, reducing the yield, and, in extreme cases, leading to famine. The use of pesticides, intended to increase production, often results in a decline in crop quality. Prompt as well as precise disease identification in plants is requisite for prevention and control of disease, enabling timely implementation of pesticide control measures. This has spurred research at the intersection of computer science and agriculture, specifically focused on identifying diseases in rice through collected and real-time images. Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a key area of study within this domain, addressing various aspects of agricultural plant protection, including disease detection and pest control. Pretrained models have proven to be invaluable tools in the realm of rice plant disease identification and monitoring. These models leverage transfer learning, enhance feature extraction, reduce training time and resource requirements, improve generalization and resilience, and facilitate knowledge sharing and collaboration. This article examines rice plant diseases, explores deep learning and pre-trained models for diagnosis, reviews relevant publications, and presents a comparative analysis of research studies to assess advancements in rice plant disease detection.
Desafios para o controle da Doença de Chagas na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Correa Modesto Lucas , Moraes de Aviz Ana Sofia , Coelho Amaral Vinicius Adriano , Da Costa Lobo Willian , Do Carmo da Silva Yuri , Moraes de Moraes Thayse
Published: July 2023

A Doença de Chagas apresenta-se como uma moléstia que afeta diversos órgãos e tecidos, sobretudo o sistema nervoso central e o coração, tanto de forma aguda quanto de forma crônica, sendo causada pelo protozoário Trypanossoma cruzi, cujo principal vetor é o Triatoma Infestans. O objetivo central do trabalho é identificar os principais entraves encontrados pela Atenção Primária à Saúde no controle da Doença de Chagas no Brasil. Para tal, fez-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura, selecionando-se estudos disponíveis nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Lilacs e ScienceDirect. Foram incluídos 20 estudos para a revisão após criteriosa avaliação. Os estudos destacaram a importância da Atenção Primária e da implementação de planos de ação bem embasados para o controle da Doença de Chagas nacionalmente, bem como salientaram a insuficiente capacitação dos profissionais no que tange o manejo da moléstia, os baixos níveis educacionais da população e dificuldades relacionadas ao diagnóstico e tratamento como principais desafios para se alcançar esse fim. Conclui-se que a Atenção Primária à Saúde é imprescindível para o apropriado manejo da enfermidade de Chagas no Brasil, bem como seus principais desafios envolvem questões atreladas à capacitação profissional, falta de infraestrutura para realização de diagnósticos e acompanhamentos de boa qualidade, além de problemas socioeconômicos.
Entropy Generation in a Magnetohydrodynamic Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Nonlinear Permeable Surface with Velocity Slip Effect
Authors: Salawu S. O. , Ogunseye H. A. , Yusuf T. A. , Lebelo R. S. , Mustapha R. A.
Published: July 2023

The current study is designed to model the hydrothermal feature of a hybrid nano liquid slip flows over a permeable expanding/contracting surface with entropy generation. The model incorporates Cu-Al2O3 nanoparticles with water as the host liquid to simulate the flow. Additional impacts incorporated into the novelty of the model are viscous dissipation and Joule heating. The model is transformed appropriately to its dimensionless form using similarity quantities and the solution is numerically obtained using the spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM). The impact of pertinent factors on the flow characteristics is communicated through graphs for the hybrid nano-suspension to discuss the hydrothermal variations. The friction factor and the rate of heat transport are also discussed with sensible judgment through tables. To ensure the code validity, a comparison with earlier studies is conducted and excellent consensus is accomplished. The result explored that diminution in the irreversibility ratio is witnessed for rising magnetic field strength along the free stream, distance away from the permeable surface as the heat dissipation to the surrounding decelerates. Also, the augmented nonlinearity parameter intensified the heat transfer rate for about 2.79% of the hybrid nano-suspension.
impacto transformador de la Ley 7/2022, de 8 de abril, de residuos y suelos contaminados para una economía circular en la gestión municipal de residuos de competencia local
Authors: Pernas Juan José
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo pretende ofrecer una visión amplia e integral del impacto de la Ley?7/2022 de residuos y suelos contaminados para una economía circular en la gestión municipal de residuos de competencia local. No se pretende realizar un análisis descriptivo del régimen jurídico, sino centrar el análisis en las cuestiones más novedosas y con especial impacto en la gestión municipal.
Academic Literature on Compliance Programs, ESG, Corporate Governance, Fraud Prevention, Human Rights, Corruption, Data Protection, and SDGs
Authors: Silva Altieres de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

This academic summary provides an overview of key themes in recent open-access articles pertaining to compliance programs, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices, corporate governance, fraud prevention, human rights, corruption, data protection, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as set forth by the United Nations. Scholars have extensively explored the significance of compliance programs in organizations, evaluating their role in ensuring ethical practices, legal adherence, and risk mitigation. Additionally, research has focused on the adoption and impact of ESG strategies, addressing their influence on corporate decision-making, sustainability, and stakeholder engagement. Corporate governance remains a vital area of investigation, investigating board structures, executive compensation, and the effectiveness of governance mechanisms in enhancing firm performance and accountability. Simultaneously, efforts to combat fraud and corruption have led to analyses of fraud detection techniques, whistleblowing systems, and anti-corruption measures. The literature also highlights the evolving landscape of data protection, emphasizing regulatory developments, privacy frameworks, and organizational responsibilities in safeguarding data. Furthermore, there is a growing emphasis on the integration of human rights principles into business practices, exploring the implications of human rights violations and strategies for promoting responsible corporate behavior. Lastly, articles have explored the alignment of corporate practices with the SDGs, examining businesses' contributions to global sustainability goals.
Analisis Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Dan Emisi Karbon Dioksida (CO2) Pada PLTDG Blok 2 di PT. Indonesia Power UP Bali
Authors: Sutama I Wayan , Mustika Kadek Jodi , Suriana I Wayan
Published: July 2023

This study contains an electric power system consisting of generation, distribution and distribution. One type of power plant is a Gas Diesel Power Plant (PLTDG). As industrial activities and population increase, the demand for electrical power also increases. This results in each generator having to be effective and maximum so as not to cause losses, the generator must also be environmentally friendly so as not to cause global warming. Where the effect of specific fuel consumption and load percentage greatly affects thermal efficiency, as well as the amount of fuel consumption greatly affects the economy and CO2 emissions generated at the power plant. Therefore, it is important to know the efficiency from an economic point of view, the performance of the PLTDG power plant and the resulting CO2 emissions. One of the efforts made is by changing the main fuel for the generator. The results of the analysis show that using LNG fuel thermal efficiency, electricity costs per kWh and the resulting emissions are better than using HSD fuel.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Tugas Akhir Pada Institut Informatika Indonesia Menggunakan Metode Incremental
Authors: Sutjiadi Raymond , Wirapraja Alexander , Trianto Edwin Meinardi , Rahmawati Titasari , Basatha Rizky , Adiwena Briantito , Krisopras Andreas
Published: July 2023

Bagi perguruan tinggi, memiliki sistem informasi adalah suatu keharusan dalam menjawab tantangan di era teknologi informasi saat ini. Institut Informatika Indonesia (IKADO) Surabaya, sebagai salah satu perguruan tinggi di kota Surabaya juga telah memiliki sistem informasi guna menunjang kinerja akademik maupun non akademik. Permasalahan yang ditemukan adalah pada pelaksanaan tahapan tugas akhir pada Institut Informatika Indonesia Surabaya dimana pada beberapa tahapan masih menggunakan cara offline, yaitu mahasiswa bertemu dengan dosen untuk melakukan revisi dan persetujuan revisi dengan draft dokumen tugas akhir masih menggunakan hardcopy. Selain itu proses penilaian tugas akhir juga masih dilakukan secara manual yang membutuhkan banyak berkas penilaian dari pembimbing maupun penguji. berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka dibuatlah sistem informasi manajemen tugas akhir dengan menggunakan metode incremental. metode ini digunakan agar setiap fitur yang dirancang dapat dibuat dengan tertata dan fleksibel sehinggaa hasil yang didapatkan lebih sesuai dengan tahapan alur tugas akhir yang ada di IKADO. Pada Sistem ini memiliki 5 fitur utama yaitu membuat akun baru dan pengajuan judul, mengunggah dokumen, membuat dan menyetujui revisi, fitur saling berkirim pesan, dan proses penilaian tugas akhir. Metode pengujian yang digunakan yaitu black box testing dimana pada pengujian ini dilakukan dengan cara membuat skenario pengujian, melakukan wawancara terhadap pengguna sistem yang telah melakukan trial dan error pada aplikasi ini seperti mahasiswa, dosen pembimbing, dosen penguji dan koordinator tugas akhir pada IKADO Surabaya dan melakukan dokumentasi terhadap hasil pengujian. Hasil akhir yang didapatkan paska implementasi dan pengujian terhadap fitur aplikasi yang telaha dilakukan adalah (1) adanya sistem informasi tugas akhir yang dapat membantu mahasiswa, dosen dan koordinator TA dalam melaksanakan proses TA secara online dengan lebih mudah dan cepat, (2) proses rekapitulasi nilai akhir yang lebih cepat, (3) aktivitas yang tidak menghabiskan banyak kertas, (4) meminimalisir human error dan (5) tata kelola pelaksanaan proses tugas akhir seperti penjadwalan dan pembagian tugas dari koordinator tugas akhir pun menjadi lebih rapi.
SOME ISSUES OF QUALIFICATION OF CRIMES FOR ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING OF WEAPONS, AMMUNITION AND EXPLOSIVES
Authors: Lisovy N. V. , Nikitenko M. G.
Published: July 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the qualification of crimes provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation for illegal trafficking in weapons, ammunition, explosives. The work also contains an overview of some of the changes made to the relevant articles in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
HISTORICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS TOKYO AND KHABAROVSK TRIBUNALS
Authors: Nikitenko M. G.
Published: July 2023

The article reveals the historical and legal aspect of the Tokyo and Khabarovsk Tribunals, which were held at the end of World War II over Japanese war criminals.
CODIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL LAW
IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
Authors: Sazankova O. V.
Published: July 2023

The article reveals the general characteristics of the development of civil law of the Russian Empire. In particular, four features of civil law of the specified period are highlighted: the absence of a clear sectoral division, the absence of a certain system, the essential importance of customary law, polysystem, i.e. the presence of a special legal regulation of civil relations in certain areas. The characteristics and significance of the Civil Laws of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire are given, the assessment of the law-making activity of the Governing Senate of the Russian Empire is given, the characteristics of the development of individual institutions are given.
TERRORIST COMMUNITY: GENERAL QUALIFICATION ISSUES
Authors: Shcherbakov E. A. , Nikitenko M. G.
Published: July 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the general issues of the qualification of the crime provided for in Article 205.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the provisions of Article 35 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is carried out in order to determine the place of the concept of "terrorist community" among the forms of complicity fixed by the legislator.
Bolometric Hemispherical Albedo Map of Pluto from New Horizons Observations
Authors: Hofgartner Jason D. , Buratti Bonnie J. , Beyer Ross A. , Ennico Kimberly , Grundy Will M. , Howett Carly J. A. , Johnson Perianne E. , Lauer Tod R. , Olkin Catherine B. , Spencer John R. , Alan Stern S. , Weaver Harold A. , Young Leslie A.
Published: July 2023

The New Horizons encounter with the Pluto system revealed Pluto to have an extremely spatially variable surface with expansive dark, bright, and intermediate terrains, refractory and volatile ices, and ongoing/recent endogenous and exogenous processes. Albedo is useful for understanding volatile transport because it quantifies absorbed solar energy; albedo may also provide insights into surface processes. Four filters of the New Horizons LORRI and MVIC imagers are used to approximate the bolometric (flux-weighted, wavelength-integrated) albedo. The bolometric hemispherical albedo (local energy balance albedo) as a function of the incidence angle of the solar illumination is measured for both Cthulhu and Sputnik Planitia, which are extensive, extreme dark and extreme bright terrains on Pluto. For both terrains, the bolometric hemispherical albedo increases by >30% from 0° to 90° incidence. The incidence-angle-average bolometric hemispherical albedo of Cthulhu is 0.12 ± 0.01, and that of Sputnik Planitia is 0.80 ± 0.06, where uncertainties are estimates based on scatter from different photometric functional approximations. The bolometric Bond albedo (global energy balance albedo) of Cthulhu is 0.12 ± 0.01, and that of Sputnik Planitia is 0.80 ± 0.07. A map of Pluto’s incidence-angle-average bolometric hemispherical albedo is produced. The incidence-angle-average bolometric hemispherical albedo, spatially averaged over areas north of ≈30° S, is ≈0.54. Pluto has three general albedo categories: (1) very low albedo southern equatorial terrains, including Cthulhu; (2) high-albedo terrains, which constitute most of Pluto’s surface; and (3) very high albedo terrains, including Sputnik Planitia. Pluto’s extraordinary albedo variability with location is also spatially sharp at some places.
Incidence, causes, and risk factors for unplanned readmission in patients admitted with pulmonary tuberculosis in China
Authors: Ye Xinchun , Su Xiaoqiao , Shi Jichan , Jiang Xiangao , Liu Saiduo , Cheng Fang , Pan Ning , Qiu Chaochao , Pan Chenwei
Published: July 2023

Introduction: To investigate the incidence, causes, and risk factors for unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).
Methodology: The clinical data of 1,062 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB who were admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 were analysed retrospectively. The subjects were divided into a readmission group (354 cases) and a non-readmission group (708 cases) according to whether there was an unplanned admission within 30 days of discharge. We analysed the risk factors for unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharge with pulmonary TB.
Results: The incidence of unplanned readmission in patients with pulmonary TB was 5.2%. Being female (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.434–0.942) and living in cities (OR = 0.218, 95% CI: 0.151–0.315) were protective factors for the readmission of patients with TB (p < 0.05). However, being ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.574, 95% CI: 1.709–3.870), being a smoker (OR = 2.773, 95% CI: 1.751–4.390), having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 3.373, 95% CI: 1.708–6.660), having viral hepatitis (OR= 2.079, 95% CI: 1.067–4.052), receiving non-standard treatment (OR = 15.620, 95% CI: 10.413–23.431), having medical side effects (OR = 6.138, 95% CI: 3.798–9.922) and l unauthorised discharge (OR = 2.570, 95% CI: 1.509–4.376) were risk factors for the readmission to hospital of patients with TB (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Gender, age, place of residence, smoking, COPD, hepatitis, non-standard treatment, adverse drug reactions and unauthorised discharge were risk factors of TB for unplanned readmission.
SARS-COV-2 Infection and Reproductive Capacity: What do we know after the Pandemic?
Authors: Balic Devleta
Published: July 2023

Whether and in what way the infection could affect reproductive capacity in the long- term is a question that preoccupies not only doctors but also patients. The SARS-COV-2 virus affected their function through angiotensin converting receptor-2 and other receptors that are present in the tissues of female and male reproductive organs. It was noticed that men suffering from the infection have a reduced number of spermatozoa in the acute phase of the disease as well as in convalescence. The level of testosterone also plays a role in the impact of infection, which explains the more severe forms of the disease in older men and those with hypogonadism. Infection with SARS-COV-2 affects women’s fertility through the direct impact of on ovarian function, sex hormone production, and endometrial receptivity, but also through the impact of stress that pandemic infection can cause by affecting the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Speculations about the impact of the vaccine on the reproductive capacity of young women were the reason why a large number of young people did not opt for the vaccine. Menstrual disorders,  reduced sperm concentration, premature ovarian failure, erectile dysfunction, and anorgasmia are mentioned today as long-term effects of infection with the SARS-COV-2 virus. Despite numerous published studies on the impact of SARS-COV-2 on the reproductive function, it is still not possible to talk about the real long-term impact of the infection, but most of the data we have so far suggest that the impact of the infection was temporary except in rare cases.
Detecting the basal dichotomies in the monophylum of carrion and rove beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Silphidae and Staphylinidae) with emphasis on the Oxyteline group of subfamilies
Authors: Grebennikov Vasily , Newton Alfred
Published: July 2023

Carrion beetles (Silphidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae, including Scaphidiinae, Pselaphinae and Scydmaeninae) form a well supported and exceptionally species-rich clade with nearly 58,000 described Recent species (of them Silphidae constitute0.3%). The presently accepted classification implies a sister-group relationship between these families. The enormous clade of Staphylinidae, if indeed monophyletic, has its basal-most dichotomies inadequately hypothesized. We analysed 240parsimony-informative larval and adult morphological characters for 34 terminals of carrion (3) and rove beetles (31) and rooted the obtained topologies on Neopelatops (Leiodidae). The most fully resolved topologies from the combined datasetconsistently suggest that carrion and rove beetles are indeed monophyletic sister-groups. Two ancient species-poor rovebeetle subfamilies (Apateticinae with two genera in the eastern Palaearctic, and the monogeneric Holarctic Trigonurinae)branch off as a clade from the rest of Staphylinidae, rather than with members of the Oxyteline Group. Subsequent dichotomies of the staphylinid main clade remain obscure. A newly redefined and monophyletic Oxyteline Group is formed byScaphidiinae + (Oxytelinae + Osoriinae + Piestinae), the last subfamily paraphyletic with respect to the previous two, which are monophyletic. The Oxyteline Group and the earlier detected monophyletic Omaliine and Staphylinine Groups form threemain subdivisions within the rove beetles. Their interrelationships, as well as those with the possibly monophyletic Tachyporine Group (which includes the mega-diverse Aleocharinae), form the main unresolved questions in basal Staphylinidaephylogeny.
Morphological and genetic data clarify the taxonomic status of Colossendeis robusta and C. glacialis (Pycnogonida) and reveal overlooked diversity
Authors: Dietz Lars , Pieper Sven , Seefeldt Meike , Leese Florian
Published: July 2023

Colossendeis robusta Hoek, 1881, originally described from the Kerguelen shelf, is considered as one of the most widespread Antarctic pycnogonids. However, the taxonomic status of this and similar species has long been unclear, as synonymy of C. glacialis Hodgson, 1907 and several other species with C. robusta has been proposed. Here we test the synonymy of C. robusta and C. glacialis with two independent molecular markers as well as comprehensive morphometric measurements and SEM data of the ovigeral spine configuration. We show that C. robusta and C. glacialis are clearly distinct species, and our results also indicate the existence of another previously unrecognized Antarctic species, C. bouvetensis sp.n., as well as an Antarctic lineage closely related to the endemic Kerguelen group C. robusta s.str. We find evidence for strong regional differentiation within each species. Our results suggest that diversity of Antarctic pycnogonids is still underestimated.
Phylogenetic position and taxonomic review of the Ianduba spiders (Araneae: Corinnidae) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest
Authors: Magalhães Ivan , Fernandes Lúciu , Ramírez Martín , Bonaldo Alexandre
Published: July 2023

The spider genus Ianduba is known from seven species, all restricted to the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, a biodiversity hotspot. The genitalic morphology of these spiders is rather peculiar and they have been considered incertae sedis in Corinnidae. We present novel morphological data for the genus, including scanning electronic microscopy images for several somatic and genitalic features, and test their phylogenetic position by including one Ianduba species in a large morphological matrix of dionychan spiders. Our results suggest that Ianduba is a true corinnid, possibly belonging in a clade sister to Corinninae. Furthermore, we here describe eight new species of the genus: I. acaraje sp.n. (Bahia), I. apururuca sp.n. (Minas Gerais to Espírito Santo), I. capixaba sp.n. (Espírito Santo), I. dabadu sp.n. (Espírito Santo), I. beaga sp.n. (Minas Gerais), I. benjori sp.n. (Rio de Janeiro), I. liberta sp.n. (Minas Gerais) and I. angeloi sp.n. (Minas Gerais to São Paulo). Six of the new species seem to be closely related to I. varia, previously considered an aberrant species. Thus, we divide the genus into two morphological groups. All species from the varia group (except for I. varia, which is synanthropic in southeastern Brazil) appear to be restricted, or more common, at altitudes of at least 800 m above sea level. We argue that unsampled montane rainforest areas from southeastern Brazil are likely to yield new records or even undescribed species of Ianduba, and that montane species are likely to be under threat of extinction. New records for previously known species are provided, the female of I. caxixe Bonaldo, 1997 is described and illustrated for the first time, and distribution maps and an identification key for the fifteen known species are provided.
Phylogenomic reconstruction of transcriptome data confirms the basal position of Prodoxidae moths within the order Lepidoptera
Authors: Darwell Clive , Ayyampalayam Saravanaraj , Leebens-Mack James , Smith Chris , Segraves Kari , Althoff David
Published: July 2023

Yucca moths (Prodoxidae) have long been considered by taxonomists to be basally positioned within the Lepidoptera in the superfamily Adeloidea. Recently, phylogenomic reconstructions of ordinal lepidopteran relationships using transcriptome data confirmed the basal position of the Adeloidea and the positioning of the Tegeticula pollinating yucca moths within the superfamily. However, to date, no phylogenetic studies have been conducted attempting to position the Prodoxus bogus yucca moths using whole genome data. We incorporated our own transcriptome libraries into publicly available lepidopteran data in order to phylogenetically confirm the evolutionary position of the Prodoxidae within the Lepidoptera and to assess the position of Prodoxus relative to Tegeticula. Our phylotranscriptomic reconstruction verified the Prodoxidae as the sister taxa to the basal Adelidae (Adeloidea), and Prodoxus as sister to Tegeticula. However, topological relationships among our four focal Tegeticula species contradicted recent findings from RAD-seq analyses. We show that this apparent paradox is in fact an artefact of the phylogenetic methods employed in building the ordinal level phylogeny (i.e. sequence alignment based on the first two nucleotide positions only) and that the true Tegeticula relationships are recovered by using all three nucleotide base positions to correctly infer more recent evolutionary events. Our work shows the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies whilst highlighting some technical considerations that may confound phylogenetic interpretation according to taxonomic scale. We add to the growing consensus that NGS techniques offer a prime opportunity to elucidate previously challenging questions in evolutionary biology.
Networks, Phillips Curves, and Monetary Policy
Authors: Rubbo Elisa
Published: July 2023

This paper revisits the New Keynesian framework, theoretically and quantitatively, in an economy with multiple sectors and input‐output linkages. Analytical expressions for the Phillips curve and welfare, derived as a function of primitives, show that the slope of all sectoral and aggregate Phillips curves is decreasing in intermediate input shares, while productivity fluctuations endogenously generate an inflation‐output tradeoff—except when inflation is measured according to the novel divine coincidence index. Consistent with the theory, the divine coincidence index provides a better fit in Phillips curve regressions than consumer prices. Monetary policy can no longer achieve the first‐best, resulting in a welfare loss of 2.9% of per‐period GDP under the constrained‐optimal policy, which increases to 3.8% when targeting consumer inflation. The constrained‐optimal policy must tolerate relative price distortions across firms and sectors in order to stabilize the output gap, and it can be implemented via a Taylor rule that targets the divine coincidence index.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Uncertainty on Firm Decisions
Authors: Kumar Saten , Gorodnichenko Yuriy , Coibion Olivier
Published: July 2023

Using a new survey of firms in New Zealand, we document how exogenous variation in the macroeconomic uncertainty perceived by firms affects their economic decisions. We use randomized information treatments that provide different types of information about the first and/or second moments of future economic growth to generate exogenous changes in the perceived macroeconomic uncertainty of some firms. The effects on their decisions relative to their initial plans as well as relative to an untreated control group are measured in a follow‐up survey six months later. We find that as firms become more uncertain, they reduce their prices, employment, and investment, their sales decline, and they become less likely to invest in new technologies or open new facilities. These ex post effects of uncertainty are similar to how firms say they would respond to higher uncertainty when asked hypothetical questions.
Notas filológicas sobre la letra alfa en un nuevo diccionario etimológico del griego, con especial atención al material de Hesiquio
Authors: Olson S. Douglas
Published: July 2023

Hasta hace poco, los dos diccionarios etimológicos griegos estándar eran Frisk 1960 y Chantraine 1968 (segunda edición: 1999, tercera edición: 2009), si bien Frisk no estaba en condiciones de tomar en consideración la evidencia del Lineal B, y ninguno de ellos tuvo en cuenta la teoría laringal. Por el contrario, las laringales son fundamentales para muchas entradas en Beekes 2010, que se ha convertido en una herramienta de investigación fundamental en el campo de los estudios clásicos. Las notas filológicas detalladas que se ofrecen aquí se centran en cambio en el manejo de Beekes de la lengua griega en sí, con especial atención al material extraído de Hesiquio. El argumento implícito es que el manejo del griego en el nuevo diccionario es a menudo poco fiable, y que los lectores deben tomar su manejo de los textos antiguos, en particular los lexicógrafos, y por lo tanto muchas de sus conclusiones individuales, con precaución.
Los imperativos λέγε y εἰπέ en los diálogos de Platón: aproximación desde el Análisis de la Conversación
Authors: Verano Rodrigo
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo estudia ciertos usos de los imperativos de λέγειν en los diálogos de Platón. Con la ayuda del marco metodológico del Análisis de la Conversación, salen a la luz dos tendencias claras, cada una con funciones diferentes en la interacción, que se relacionan con la posición que ocupa el imperativo en estructura secuencial del diálogo, especialmente si se encuentra en la primera o en la segunda parte de un par adyacente. En el primer caso, los imperativos desempeñan un papel en el diseño del turno. En el segundo caso, los imperativos funcionan sobre todo como fórmulas de expresión de conformidad. Tras examinar esta distinción, el artículo explora ciertos matices asociados al uso de otras expresiones alternativas al imperativo, como el optativo potencial, en términos de cortesía y caracterización.
Giasone ‘oplita’ ἀμήχανος (A. R. IV 190-205)
Authors: Belloni Luigi
Published: July 2023

[it] L’ esortazione di Giasone agli Argonauti al culmine dell’ impresa richiama valori peculiari della polis arcaica, del suo spirito civico. Ma il lessico di Apollonio evoca una realtà più sfumata. Afferiscono a questa parenesi alcuni tratti comportamentali dello stesso Giasone ed anche anticipazioni del dramma corinzio di Medea.
Los inicios en España de la hermenéutica y crítica textual plinianas: Perotti en el Commentariolus in Plinii prohemium (Salamanca, 1504) de L. Flaminio Sículo
Authors: Ramos Maldonado Sandra Inés
Published: July 2023

El Commentariolus in Plinii prohemium de Lucio Flaminio Sículo es el primer comentario pliniano impreso en España, en 1504. Este postincunable de naturaleza ecdótica y lingüística fue escrito con una finalidad eminentemente escolar para los estudiantes de la Universidad de Salamanca. El estudio de las fuentes expresas (Niccolò Perotti, Ermolao Barbaro y Pomponio Leto) nos descubre la influencia preponderante del comentario pliniano de Perotti y de su Cornu Copiae en el opúsculo de Flaminio, con cuyo análisis filológico se establecen las necesarias filiaciones textuales que proporcionan las claves de los inicios en España de la hermenéutica y la crítica textual impresa de la Naturalis Historia.
Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Giuliano Bonfante y el nacimiento de la Sección de Estudios Clásicos del CEH
Authors: Piquero Juan , Piquero Álvaro
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo aborda el estudio de la creación y el desarrollo de la Sección de Estudios clásicos del CEH a partir del examen de documentación inédita custodiada tanto en la Fundación Ramón Menéndez Pidal como en el archivo de la JAE. El trabajo pone de manifiesto la importancia de las figuras de Pidal y Giuliano Bonfante para sacar adelante un importante proyecto que supuso el avance definitivo de la filología clásica en España, con intervenciones tan decisivas como la creación de una biblioteca especializada, la internacionalización de los investigadores o la creación de la revista Emerita, entre otras cuestiones.
Optimizing Fresh Agricultural Product Distribution Paths Under Demand Uncertainty
Authors: Chu Jie , Tan Shiyan , Lin Junyi , Chan Jimmy Hing Tai , Lee Louisa Yee Sum , Zheng Leven J.
Published: July 2023

Consumers' demand for fresh agricultural products (FAPs) and their quality requirements are increasing in the current agricultural-product consumption market. FAPs' unique perishability and short shelf-life features mean a high level of delivery efficiency is required to ensure their freshness and quality. However, consumers' demand for FAPs is contingent and geographically dispersed. Therefore, the conflicting relationship between the costs associated with the logistics distribution and the level of delivery quality is important to consider. In this paper, the authors consider a fresh agricultural-product distribution path planning problem with time windows (FAPDPPPTW). To address the FAPDPPPTW under demand uncertainty, a mixed-integer linear programming model based on robust optimization is proposed. Moreover, a particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with a variable neighborhood search is designed to solve the proposed mathematical model. The numerical experiment results show the robustness and fast convergence of the algorithm.
The Effect of Zirconia Content on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3/ZrO2 Composites
Authors: Murti Cahyaning Fajar Kresna , Nehan Phahul Zhemas Zul , Sa'adah Anis Silfiyatus , Setopratama Andyan Rafi , Munawaroh Fatimatul , Munaji Munaji , Triwikantoro Triwikantoro
Published: July 2023

The structural, physical and mechanical properties of alumina composites reinforced with various zirconia contents were studied. Zirconia with specific stress-induced toughness mechanisms (from tetragonal to monoclinic) can improve its mechanical properties. The raw materials were commercial products of alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZrO2) with gamma alumina (γ-Al2O3) and monoclinic zirconia (m-ZrO2) phases, respectively. In this study, alumina and zirconia powders containing 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt% were mechanically activated and sintered at 1400°C for 3 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization was used to confirm the functional groups in the sample. Phase analysis of the sintered samples was carried out via X-ray diffraction (XRD). Composite characterization includes diameter shrinkage, density, and Vickers hardness. Corundum (α-Al2O3), monoclinic zirconia (m-ZrO2) and tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) phases were the observed phases in the sintered sample. The Al2O3/ZrO2 60:40 sample had the largest shrinkage in pellet diameter, apparent density, and Vickers hardness, at 8%, 4.35 g/cm3, and 1.33 HVN, respectively.
The Conductivity of PANI/Zirconia Composites: Effect of Amorphous and Crystalline Fillers
Authors: Munaji Munaji , Azhari Muhammad Affan Chadziq , Arifin Zaenal , Zainuri Mochammad , Triwikantoro Triwikantoro
Published: July 2023

This paper reports the results of synthesis and characterization PNI/zirconia composites. PANI/zirconia composites were synthesized by in-situ polymerization. Aniline was used as a monomer, hydrochloric acid as a dopant, ammonium peroxodisulphate as an oxidant and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as a surfactant. The zirconia used is amorphous and crystalline (monoclinic). XRD test results show that the composite has been successfully formed, indicated by the absence of new peaks. FTIR spectrum analysis showed an interaction between PANI and zirconia. Composites with amorphous zirconia fillers have lower conductivity than PANI; on the other hand, composites with monoclinic zirconia fillers have better conductivity than PANI.
Optical Absorbance of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells in Different Solvents for Film Preparation
Authors: Sudarsono Sudarsono , Sholih Ahmad , Faridawati F. , Yudoyono Gatut , Darminto Darminto
Published: July 2023

Graphene-based materials have been widely developed in various applications, both in electronics and optoelectronics. It is because of their attractive characteristics, such as flexible structure, large surface area, and excellent thermal, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties. In this research, the optical absorbance of coconut shell-based carbon materials was studied in the exfoliation process and the type of solvent. To determine the effect of optical absorption and particle size of graphene carbon from coconut shells on solvents, we used two types of solvents, namely Deionized (DI) water and a mixture of DMSO and DI (DMSO/DI) with a fraction of 1:10. The exfoliation process is carried out by dissolving graphene powder from coconut shell powder that has been synthesized and heated at 400°C into DI water and DMSO/DI mixture with a concentration of 0.01 g/ml. Ultrasonication is carried out with time variations of 60, 180, 300, and 420 minutes. After ultrasonication for 420 minutes, the absorbance peak was at 241 nm with an average particle size of 134 nm in the solvent DMSO/DI mixture. For the DI solvent, the absorbance peak was at 243 nm with an average particle size of 198 nm. This study showed that the DMSO/DI mixed solvent with a fraction of 1:10 could produce a smaller average particle size than the DI solvent, but the absorbance spectrum is less clear at a wavelength of less than 240 nm compared to the DI water. Furthermore, these two solvents can be used to prepare graphenic carbon films from coconut shells because they are easy to obtain, cheap, and can reduce particle size by ultrasonication.
Structural and Thermal Analysis of CaCO3/ZrO2 Composites
Authors: Munawaroh Fatimatul , Baqiya Malik Anjleh , Arifin Zaenal , Triwikantoro Triwikantoro
Published: July 2023

CaCO3 is one of abundant minerals in nature, which is a promising material in thermochemical energy storage (TCES). In this work, we have succeeded in synthesizing CaCO3/ZrO2 composites by physical mixing with a magnetic stirrer using CaCO3 from natural limestone. The mixing was carried out by mechanical stirring with various molar percentages of CaCO3:ZrO2 of 100:0, 85:15, 70:30 and 50:50. The phase and structure of the CaCO3/ZrO2 composites were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal properties were characterized by thermogravimetri analyzer. Morphology of the composites was observed by scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX). Based on the XRD results, the peak intensity of CaCO3 at the crystalline plane of (104) decreased with increasing percentage of ZrO2. The lattice volume of CaCO3 also relatively decreases with increasing percentage of ZrO2. The increase in the percentage of ZrO2 in the CaCO3/ZrO2 composites makes the decomposition temperature also decreases. This is probably due to heat and mass transfer of ZrO2.
Study on Optical Energy Gap and the Thickness of Boron Doped Graphenic Carbon (B-GC) Film Prepared by Nanospray Method
Authors: Firdaus Aulia Anisa , Purwandari Endhah , Asih Retno , Sholih Ahmad , Darminto Darminto
Published: July 2023

Graphenic carbon (GC) provides a potential ability as photovoltaic material due to its tunable properties. Here, we investigate the optical energy gap and the thickness of B-GC material as a p-type in solar cell application. The GC was prepared from old charcoal powders of coconut shells by heating process at 400°C and B-GC powders were prepared by wet mixing method using boric acid as B atom source. B-GC films were then prepared by employing nebulizer as a nanospraying method. All samples were examined through various characterization techniques such as X-Ray Diffarction (XRD), SEM cross section, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The amorphous characteristic of B-GC is confirmed by broad peaks in XRD patterns, similar to that of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The present of B along with O and dominant C elements is determined by SEM-EDX result. The B dopants affect the optical bandgap energy (Eg) of GC as an intrinsic material. The thickness of B-GC films was found to be thinner than in a previous study that used a similar method but different equipment. The average thickness of B-GC films is in the range of 127 to 420 nm, followed by an increase in the deposition time for 5 to 20 s. Estimation of the Eg value indicated that B-GC has an energy gap around 2 eV, which is most suitable as a window layer in solar cell applications.
Disorder - Induced Characteristics Based on Optical Absorption of SiO2/rGO-Like Carbon Films
Authors: Faridawati F. , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Sholih Ahmad , Yudoyono Gatut , Darminto Darminto
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to study the interrelation between Urbach energy (Eu), optical band gap energy (Eg), and complex dielectric constant (ε) in relation to the disorder induced properties of SiO2/rGO thin films. The rGO-like carbon was created by annealing coconut shell carbon (csc) at different temperatures of 400°C, 600 oC, and 800 oC. From the analyses, it obtained Eg which was varied from 2.01 eV until 2.67 eV. While Eu from 0.13 eV until 0.26 eV. The results showed that the Eu varied inversely to the Eg. The Penn model and hydrogen-like atom model theories were used to investigate the interrelation between Eu and ε. Finally, it is shown that the Urbach energy is linearly and inversely related to the imaginary and real parts of dielectic constant, respectively.
Asymmetric Four Point Bend Test Method for Interlaminar Shear Strength in Ceramic Matrix Composites
Authors: Jadhav Prakash , Lande Chhaya
Published: July 2023

Asymmetrical Four Point Bend test method is proposed for measurement of interlaminar shear strength in continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composites. The current standard ASTM test method (ASTM C1425) for interlaminar shear strength of composites uses a double edge notched compression (DNC) coupon. Large variation in measured strength is observed with the standard ASTM test method, possibly due to machining variability and damage at the notches. The proposed test AFPB method for ILSS is adapted from ASTM C1469 Standard Test Method for Shear Strength of Joints of Advanced Ceramics. This test method does not require any machining of notches and the sample size requirement is much smaller than the ASTM test method. The shear loading in this method is similar to the standard short beam shear test (ASTM D2344) with higher shear to tensile ratio compared to SBS with AFBP. Using finite element analysis, coupon geometry and the distance between the loading and support pins was optimized to maximize shear and minimize tensile and compressive stresses on the specimen. It was found that the variability in the measured ILSS strength was lower with this method compared to the ASTM standard method using the DNC specimen. In addition, the value of ILSS measured using AFPB method was found to be consistently higher than that measured using DNC coupons. It was also found that specimen preparation (cutting, polishing, etc.) did not have significant effect on the measured strength.