bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposta de treball amb animals per a la millora de la convivència al centre d’educació infantil i primària
Authors: Caparrós Checa Queralt
Published: February 2022

Aquest article presenta una proposta per a escoles d’educació infantil i primària per millorar la convivència al centre a partir de valors com l’empatia, el respecte i la cooperació. La proposta conté objectius, estratègies i activitats específiques per a cada cicle educatiu. A més, en aquesta proposta de projecte de millora també es pretén crear espais a partir de les diferents activitats que promoguin la llengua vehicular i la interacció entre tota la comunitat educativa, fomentant la participació de les famílies i de la ciutat. També es vol millorar la resolució d’una necessitat de la comunitat per tal de promoure la tinença responsable d’animals i combatre’n l’abandonament. En el món actual hi ha desconnexió cap a la naturalesa. L’alumnat que viu en ciutats no té aquest contacte amb el medi ambient que es tenia en el passat. Aquest projecte també vol potenciar la relació amb el medi ambient i la natura. A partir d’entrevistes i una anàlisi DAFO posterior, es descriuen les debilitats, amenaces, fortaleses i oportunitats del projecte, que finalment ofereix una experiència d’aprenentatge enriquida que suposarà una millora en les habilitats comunicatives dels estudiants i facilitarà la seva integració en la comunitat, fomentant l’ús de la llengua vehicular del centre i valors com l’empatia i el respecte, amb l’objectiu final de millorar els resultats educatius i el clima relacional entre la comunitat educativa.
Las monedas alternativas como herramienta para la socialización del consumo ecológico: el Candil como estudio de caso
Authors: Gonzalo Palomo Guijarro  , María Catalán Balmaseda  , Begoña Lozano Diéguez
Published: February 2022

El Candil es una moneda social que surge en 2014 con la creación de ACTYVA, una cooperativa integral del suroeste peninsular que se constituye como una herramienta abierta para dinamizar la economía local-regional, fomentar el emprendimiento social, el consumo crítico y los principios cooperativos como la ayuda mutua.

Se trata de una moneda de crédito mutuo usada por 130 usuarios (de 450 personas socias en ACTYVA) registrados en la plataforma online de gestión alojada en Community Exchange System (CES) junto a otras 200 redes de intercambio ibéricas. Hay un promedio de 16 transacciones al mes con un movimiento de 179,62 Candiles por transacción. En total ha habido más de 1.000 transacciones desde su creación con un movimiento total de 238.000 Candiles.

En "Cáceres para comérselo" nodo de distribución y consumo de la cooperativa desde su fundación hasta un 25% de las transacciones de venta hacia consumidores en 2019 se realizaron en Candiles, demostrando que hay otras fórmulas para facilitar el acceso a los productos ecológicos más allá de la lógica del poder adquisitivo clásico.

Aunque las monedas alternativas, complementarias o sociales son tan antiguas como la humanidad, la conceptualización contemporánea arranca con Heloísa Primavera en el año 1999 y los clubes de trueque en Argentina. En el "Informe Lietaer" de la Comisión Europea se señala que con este sistema se pretende contrarrestar los valores propios del sistema monetario convencional (autoridad central, jerarquía, competencia, etc.) por otros valores como la confianza mutua, la igualdad, la cooperación, la sincronicidad, el holismo y las habilidades interpersonales.

 

Palabras clave: economía social, economía ecológica, cooperativa integral, moneda social, crisis financiera, precio.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK TIME OUT TERHADAP PENGURANGAN PERILAKU AGRESIF PESERTA DIDIK MDVI
Authors: Fitri Hudayani Sabila , Meiyani Neni
Published: February 2022

Perilaku agresif verbal, yaitu berteriak, marah-marah, dan perilaku agresif non verbal atau fisik, yaitu melempar benda, memukul sering dilakukan oleh peserta didik di kelas, sehingga mengganggu pembelajaran. Untuk mengurangi perilaku agresif yang sering dilakukan peserta didik, diterapkan teknik time out dengan jenis nonexclusionary time out. Teknik ini dilakukan dengan cara apabila peserta didik berperilaku agresif di dalam kelas, maka ia akan tetap berada di dalam kelasnya dengan memindahkan posisi dirinya ke tempat time out yang disediakan di sudut ruangan untuk waktu singkat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan Single Subject Research dengan desain penelitian A-B-A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi perilaku agresif yang muncul pada peserta didik MDVI mengalami penurunan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perolehan rata-rata (mean) setiap kondisi mengalami penurunan dalam segi berkurangnya frekuensi kemunculan perilaku agresif pada peserta didik yang sangat signifikan, yaitu pada kondisi A-1 (baseline-1), yaitu 36,33, kondisi B (intervensi), yaitu 11, dan kondisi A-2 (baseline-2), yaitu 4. kesimpulannya penerapan teknik time out memberikan pengaruh sangat signifikan dalam mengurangi perilaku agresif peserta didik MDVI kelas II SD di SLBN A Kota Bandung.
VIDEO TUTORIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENGHIAS DIRI PADA SISWI TUNAGRAHITA
Authors: Risanti Inge Rifa , Rochyadi Endang , Ratnengsih Een
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan seorang siswi tunagrahita ringan kelas VII yang belum mampu menghias diri secara mandiri. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh pembelajaran bina diri khususnya pada aspek menghias diri belum menggunakan media yang tepat. Selain itu, di tengah kondisi pandemik covid-19 sulit untuk guru melakukan pembelajaran dengan efektif sehingga peran keluarga dibutuhkan untuk membantu pembelajaran siswa di rumah. Bertitik tolak dari latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media video tutorial untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menghias diri siswi tunagrahita. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan Subject Single Research dan menggunakan desain A-B-A dimana terdapat dua kondisi kontrol (baseline) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data, ditemukan peningkatkan keterampilan menghias diri setelah diberikan intervensi. Maka dari itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa media video tutorial efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menghias diri pada siswi tunagrahita. Peneliti merekomendasikan kepada pendidik, orangtua maupun peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat menggunakan media video tutorial untuk pembelajaran bina diri lainnya.
Al-Quran Memorizing Training Using 2T+1M Method for Student with Visual Disability Through the Zoom Application
Authors: Azizah Nur , Prasetyo Adhit Cahyo , Azis Abdul , Munggaran Wulan Syakinah , Asih Neng Sri Sinta
Published: February 2022

Allah has guaranteed convenience for anyone who wants to memorize the Qur'an, including students with visual disabilities. However, it is necessary to have the right method and make it easier for the student with visual disabilities to memorize the Quran. This study aims to provide an overview of the training to memorize the Quran for the student with a visual disability using the 2T+1M method. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques using observation and interview with mother of a student with visual disability. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model analysis which has 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Al-Quran memorization training is carried out by volunteers from the SIEP (Social Inclusive Education Project) community through the Zoom Meeting application. The chapter name is An-Naziaat verses 1 to 46. The training was carried out for 9 meetings by applying the 2T+1M method, namely Talqin or Tasmi, Tikrar, and Murajaah. During the Quran memorizing training using the 2T+1M method, the student with a visual disability with the initial E was able to listen to verse by verse, was able to repeat the reading of the Quran with a calm attitude, was able to repeat the reading of each verse with correct pronunciation and tajwid rules, and able to maintain the memorization that has been memorized previously.
A Rapid Microtiter Assay to Evaluate Fungicide Sensitivity to Colletotrichum falcatum Isolates
Authors: Carvalho Menezes Renato de
Published: February 2022

Chemical control of sugarcane red rot, caused by Colletotrichum falcatum, forms part of integrated management of the disease. A rapid microtiter bioassay based on the colorimetric changes of resazurin dye was developed to evaluate the sensitivity of C. falcatum to the main chemical fungicide groups, including strobilurin, triazole, benzimidazole, isophthalonitrile and dithiocarbamate. There was no significant difference among the isolates in terms of growth inhibition for any of the active ingredients tested (α = 0.01). The C. falcatum isolates showed almost similar sensitivity to various fungicides. The active ingredients varied in relation to fungitoxicity. Doses that inhibited 50% of C. falcatum growth were calculated as a percentage of resazurin reduction due to various fungicides. The colorimetric method used to assess the fungitoxicity of active ingredients to C. falcatum, combined with resazurin, proved a fast practical and efficient method. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
An overview on Salmonella infection
Authors: Kushwaha Sandeep , Dubey Shivam , Sambath S , Khurana Shally
Published: February 2022

Salmonella is the kind of microscopic living being that is the most routine justification for food-related infection. Disorder from these organisms is officially called salmonellosis. It can cause an upset stomach, fever, and pain, and crushing in your midriff. A considerable number of individuals further get well while isolating at home within 4 to 7 days. Salmonella contamination and the subsequent resistant reaction are complex, particularly given the foundational idea of certain diseases, where various tissues are probably going to show remarkable invulnerability to contamination. This is made more mind-boggling by the way that diverse Salmonella contaminations can shift from self-restricting gastroenteritis to intrusive fundamental sickness to a foundational, yet steadily tainted asymptomatic transporter state.
Post enucleation reconstruction of orbit using silicone orbital implant and dermis fat graft
Authors: Ather Mohammed , Rahmatunissa  , Saudhamini S , Shreya T , Fatima Samra Wahaj
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to study the cosmetic appearance of patients after Post-enucleation reconstruction of the orbit with silicone implant and dermis fat graft.

this is a prospective interventional study conducted at the department of Oculoplasty and Orbital disorder of a tertiary care eye hospital between 2014 and 2016. 30 cases of which 16 were males and 14 females were included in the study. Patients between the age group 10- 40 years who had painful blind eye, anterior staphyloma and Pthisis bulbi were included in the study. Patients who had enucleation because of malignancies like retinoblastoma and malignant melanoma were excluded from study. Informed consent obtained from the adult patients and consent of one of the parent was obtained from patients who were under 18 years of age after explaining the procedure in patients own language. All patients included were examined by an experienced ophthalmologist using slit lamp, transparent scale, exophthalmometer, A scan, B scan. In single sitting enucleation was done, silicon spherical orbital implant was placed in orbit in posterior sub tenon’s space. Dermis fat harvested from upper and outer quadrant of buttock was placed over the Orbital implant in the posterior sub tenon’s space. Recti muscles were sutured to the edge of dermis fat and conjunctiva sutured to the edge of dermis fat. Conformer placed and Suture tarsorraphy done. Cases followed post operatively on day one, and after 2 week and after 3 months.

After 3rd month prosthetic eye was placed. Palpebral aperture height, enophthalmos and superior orbital sulcus deformity and cosmetic appearance was noted. 20 cases had 1mm difference in palpebral aperture height when compare to normal eye. 9 cases had 2mm, and one case had 4mm difference in palpebral aperture height.

Enophthalmos with prosthesis was measured by exophthalmometer. 20 cases had 1mm of enophthalmos when compared to normal eye. 9 cases had 2 mm of Enophthalmos and one case had 4 mm of enophthalmos. 20 cases had fullness of superior orbital sulcus. 10 cases had 1-3 mm of superior orbital sulcus deformity.

Cosmetic appearance was judged by doctors and attenders of patient. 20 cases had good cosmetic appearance. Whereas, 9 had fair cosmetic appearance and one had poor cosmetic appearance.

It is concluded that doing enucleation and implanting orbital implant primarily along with Dermis fat graft reduces implant exposure to nil, and gives good cosmetic results as shown by measurement of Palpebral aperture height, Enophthalmos and Superior orbital sulcus deformity.
The Colt for Phoenix: Mucormycosis in COVID-19 times
Authors: B M Varshitha , M Sharanabasamma
Published: February 2022

To compare whether treatment incorporating retrobulbar liposomal amphotericin B for rhino-orbital mucormycosis in ongoing covid 19 time can reduce the risk of exenteration compared to treatment with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B without compromising the survival rate.

In this retrospective, comparative institutional study 23 patients of biopsy-proven mucormycosis and radiographic evidence of orbital involvement were enrolled and 13 were divided into group A and 10 in group B. Group A consists of patients who were treated with retrobulbar liposomal amphotericin B and group B consists of patients who were treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B.

In group A, out of 13 patients, only one patient underwent exenteration and the patient survived post exenteration. Among the other 12 patients, 10 patients survived. In group B, out of ten, four patients were subjected to exenteration, out of which two survived. Among the other six patients without exenteration, five of them survived.

In comparison, patients who were treated with retrobulbar amphotericin B had a lower risk of disfiguring exenteration without an apparent increase in the risk of mortality.
Ocular morbidity in patients on long-term selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Authors: Prasad Rao Vaishnavi , H V Pooja , Gowda H T Venkate
Published: February 2022

: To assess ocular morbidity in patients on long time anti-psychotic medication- SSRI.

: Cross- sectional observational study was conducted on 96 patients on anti- psychotic medication (SSRI) who attended the OPD in Department of Ophthalmology and Psychiatry, from July 2019 to July 2021.

: Of 96 patients, 71(73.9%) patients had ocular morbidity. Most common ocular morbidities were dry eye 62 (87.3%) followed by, reduced corneal sensitivity 3(4.2%), cataract 3 (4.2%), glaucoma 2(2.8%), ischemic optic neuropathy 1 (1.4%).

Dry eye was the most common ocular morbidity seen. SSRIs on long term usage have significant ocular side effects, which should be kept in mind by both Ophthalmologists and Psychiatrics in their clinical practise.
A rare case of eyelid abscess and orbital cellulitis following acute dacryocystitis
Authors: Roy Pummy , Kumar Nandan
Published: February 2022

Acute dacryocystitis usually presents as a pre-septal cellulitis since the lacrimal sac lies anterior to the orbital septum. Orbital cellulitis secondary to acute dacryocystitis is very rare due to a variety of anatomic barriers to the orbit but can occur and result in abscess formation with risk of visual compromise.

We describe a case of 28 yrs. old otherwise healthy adult who presented with almost complete visual loss following orbital cellulitis and lower lid abscess formation secondary to acute dacryocystitis in right eye. The clinical, radiological, intraoperative and postoperative findings are discussed. He underwent emergency lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, lower lid abscess drainage along with planned endoscopic endonasal dacryocystectomy as resolutive surgery.
Assessment of oral health related quality of life (OHRQL) in patients with periodontitis: A cross sectional survey
Authors: Sivadas T Greeshma , R Nayar Bindu
Published: February 2022

Health related quality of life is attaining more attention and is considered as an important marker of patients’ perception of disease. The impact of oral diseases on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQL) is of immense importance, but very few studies exist on the impact of periodontitis on quality of life.

: This study was aimed to find out the relationship between periodontitis and OHRQL.

A cross sectional survey was conducted at the outpatient Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala among 158 patients presented with periodontitis who satisfied the inclusion criteria.

Data collection was done by using a proforma for recording age, gender and socioeconomic status. Clinical periodontal parameters such as clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI) using UNC 15 probe were examined. OHRQL was assessed using the Malayalam version of OHIP-14.

Descriptive statistics were used to describe quantitative and qualitative variables. Association between periodontitis and OHRQL was analysed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Severity of periodontitis and OHRQL and each domains of quality of life and was determined using Kruskal-Wallis test.

There is statistically significant association of OHRQL with CAL (r=0.16; p= 0.04). Other periodontal parameters (PPD, OHIS and GI) depicted a very weak positive correlation with OHRQL but none was statistically significant (r=0.15, p=0.07; r=0.13, p=0.10 and r=0.14, p=0.08 respectively). There is no statistically significant association between severity of periodontitis and OHRQL (p=0.24). The maximum affected domains are physical pain, psychologic discomfort and physical disability among the seven domains.

Periodontitis have a definite impact on the OHRQL of this selected population. The perception of OHRQL can vary with difference in cultural background and between individuals. Further long term studies with a larger sample size and comparison with a healthy periodontium is necessary to validate the results.
Rethinking the global microscope for financial inclusion: 2021 key findings report
Authors:   Economist Impact
Published: February 2022

The Global Microscope is a benchmarking index that has assessed the enabling environment for financial inclusion across 55 countries since 2007. This year, the Economist Impact team conducted an assessment of the index's existing data (2007-20) to understand the relationship between key financial inclusion enablers (i.e. policies, regulation and infrastructure) and financial inclusion outcomes. This report discusses the policies that have driven change, the priorities to keep in mind for the future, the tools that will help achieve these goals and the unique ways these priorities and tools apply across different parts of the financial system. Below we summarize our key findings: - A higher overall Global Microscope score showed a positive relationship with the number of accounts with formal financial institutions and mobile money providers among the population. - The Infrastructure domain had the strongest relation to account ownership, documenting the positive effects on inclusion from policies facilitating the expansion of payment systems, strong digital identification regimes, widespread connectivity, and robust credit information systems. The other four domains are Government and Policy Support, Stability and Integrity, Products and Outlets, and Consumer Protection. - Consumer Protection was also positively linked to the prevalence of bank accounts, underscoring the importance of measures to ensure that financial consumers are treated fairly across the range of distribution channels and products. - The magnitude and quality of regulatory implementation significantly impacts financial inclusion. Larger regulatory improvements were associated with increasingly larger gains in account ownership. * The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IDB, its Board of Directors or the countries they represent, nor of the MIF Donors Committee or the countries it represents.
Priorización en tiempos de pandemia. No. 3: Cómo asignar recursos escasos en salud en medio de una pandemia: Intervenciones no terapéuticas
Authors: Gutiérrez Catalina
Published: February 2022

La pandemia provocada por el coronavirus acentuó la urgencia de establecer criterios para la priorización de recursos en salud. En general, ya existía presión sobre los presupuestos sanitarios debido a tratamientos cada vez más costosos y necesidades en salud cada vez mayores, la pandemia agravó la situación al escasear los recursos para la atención y contención del COVID-19. A pesar de la disponibilidad de vacunas, las intervenciones no terapéuticas (INT), como el distanciamiento social, las mascarillas, las pruebas y el rastreo, y las ordenes de confinamiento, son y seguirán siendo una herramienta para controlar la propagación del COVID-19. Esta tercera nota de esta serie de Notas Técnicas provee lineamientos para priorizar insumos y recursos atendiendo a los principios y al marco teórico discutidos en la primera nota de la serie. La nota se enfoca en la asignación de INT bajo el principio de eficiencia, es decir, buscando alcanzar el mayor bienestar para la mayoría. Adicionalmente, aborda brevemente la priorización atendiendo a otros principios de asignación: equidad, reciprocidad y respeto por la autonomía y la libertad individual. La nota finaliza resumiendo los principales hallazgos y recomendaciones de política.
ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER EFFICIENCY ON IRRIGATION IN THE AREA BETWEEN TURYANCHAY-GIRDIMANCHAY RIVERS
Authors: Jafarli Jale V.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to determining the possibility of using groundwater with different degrees of mineralization and chemical composition for irrigation, which is spread in the area between the Turyanchay-Girdimanchay rivers. The efficiency of groundwater for irrigation, whose mineralization rate varies from 0.5 to 10 g/l, was assessed according to the methods and criteria adopted in the world countries. The suitability of groundwater for irrigation, which varies from 0.5 to 10 g/l, depends on the methods and criteria adopted in the world, including the degree of mineralization of water, irrigation coefficient, salinity hazard, sodium sorption coefficient, percentage of magnesium, rated for potential salinity and sodium carbonate residue. It has been determined that groundwater with a salinity of up to 3 g/l is fully suitable for irrigation according to all assessment criteria, water with a salinity of up to 5 g/l is suitable for irrigation, water with a salinity of 5-7 g/l is less efficient for irrigation. It is suitable in terms of irrigation coefficient, sodium sorption coefficient, salinity hazard and sodium carbonate residue, and according to three indicators it is not suitable for irrigation. Water with a salinity of 7-10 g/l is not suitable for irrigation according to all assessment criteria. However, these waters have a favorable chemical composition, neutral and balanced salt content, and in years of acute water shortage, groundwater with a salinity of 7-10 g/l can be used for irrigation of crops using special irrigation methods and technologies. At the same time, it was found that the groundwater is not contaminated. The content of pollutants and heavy metals in these waters does not exceed the permissible limits. The content of ni-trite in groundwater was 0.012-0.019 mg/l, nitrates - 1.10-1.72 mg/l, and the amount of ammonium - 0.07-0.08 mg/l. The amount of iron in heavy metals was 0.05-0.06, aluminum - 0.09-0.19, zinc - 0.004-0.005 mg/l. Metals copper and lead, as well as oil products were not found in the water. Biochemical oxygen consumption ranged from 1 to 5 mg/l.
De una reforma pensional a la protección integral de la persona adulta mayor
Authors: Uprimny Miguel
Published: February 2022

Colombia está en un proceso de envejecimiento poblacional muy acelerado, que ha llevado a profundizar las inequidades del país. Debe afrontar el reto de lograr la protección social integral en la vejez, con perspectiva de toda la vida. Después de un análisis de la situación de las personas adultas mayores en Colombia, las propuestas de abordaje en la política pública del país y las orientaciones de organismos internacionales, se hace una propuesta de ajuste institucional de coordinación intersectorial que permita su ejecución, que incluye la creación de sistema de cuidados sociales, ajustes al sistema de salud y seguridad económica en la vejez.
Developing a health and well-being program for college students: An online intervention
Authors: Villarino Resti Tito H , Villarino Maureen Lorence F. , Temblor Maria Concepcion L. , Bernard Prosper , Plaisent Michel
Published: February 2022

Managing health and well-being issues can be challenging for college students. Alternative supports, such as online programs, have been identified as cost-effective and efficient methods of providing inclusive support to college students, removing numerous barriers to health and well-being promotion. The article summarized a novel, evidence-based approach to developing an online health and well-being program. The program is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), the positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishments (PERMA) construct, and the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. It discusses future directions in the evaluation, assessment, and documentation of the fitness-for-purpose process.

 

Keywords: well-being, online health, physical health, college students, PERMA, CBT, ADDIE
Application of secondary education sports lessons with blended teaching method
Authors: Ayat Marshalkhan , Elmira Bakytzhan , Bakytzhan Jigarbayev , Yernar Ospankulov , Ulmeken Toleshova , Aliya Yesselbayeva
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to apply secondary education sports lessons with the blended teaching method. The quantitative research method was used in the study. The research was conducted in the fall semester of 2021–2022. 280 volunteer secondary school students continuing their education in Kazakhstan participated in the research. In the research, sports education was given to secondary school students with a 4-week blended education. In the research, the ‘Sports and Blended Education’ measurement tool developed by the researchers and compiled by experts in the field was used. The measurement tool was delivered to secondary school students via the online method and collected. The analysis of the data was made by using the SPSS programme, frequency analysis, t-test and the results were added to the research in the presence of tables. According to the results obtained from the research, it was concluded that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test of the secondary school students and the blended education levels in sports lessons are high.

 

Keywords: Blended Education, Secondary Education, Distance Education, Education in Sports
The Search for Real-Time Impact Monitoring for Private Sector Support Programmes
Authors: van Rijn Fédes , Pamuk Haki , Dengerink Just , Ton Giel
Published: February 2022

An increasing consensus exists in the impact evaluation literature on using detailed theory-based evaluations to evaluate complex programmes such as private sector development (PSD) programmes. At the same time, PSD managers expect periodic and timely (so-called ‘real-time’) input from evaluators to improve programmes throughout their implementation. This article presents insights from real-time theory-based monitoring and evaluation shaped by the needs of policymakers in two Dutch PSD programmes. To learn about their experiences, we held in-depth interviews with researchers and policymakers involved in the evaluation. The interviews indicated that theory-based evaluation improved reporting on the programmes’ contribution to higher-level impact areas and credibly quantified the importance of that contribution. The insights showed too that real-time monitoring and evaluation of PSD programmes requires more flexibility in data collection and increased interaction with mid-management.
Understanding Behaviour Change in Theory-Based Evaluation of Market Systems Development Programmes
Authors: Thorpe Jodie
Published: February 2022

Market systems development (MSD) programmes aim to influence private actor behaviour to promote markets that work better for the poor. This article aims to inform theory-based evaluation (TBE) of such programmes, arguing that a stronger analysis of market actor behaviour change is needed. It proposes a ‘behaviour change framework’ (BCF), building on recent advances in the TBE literature. These focus attention on behaviour change as contingent on the alignment of actor capability, motivation, and opportunity, influenced by the meso and macro contexts. The article applies the BCF to three theory-based MSD evaluations to illustrate its applicability and draw lessons on its use. The BCF can be used to identify evidence gaps and support more compelling explanations of what worked and under what conditions. Such evidence can inform future MSD programmes, and enable them to better stimulate systemic change in line with poverty reduction.
Tahlîlu al-Taqâbul 'an al-Fi'li fî al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah wa al-Injalîziyyah
Authors: Bariyah Khoirul
Published: February 2022

This study covers 3 main problems, namely (1) the definition of verbs in Arabic and English (2) what are the similarities and differences between them (3) how to predict problems regarding verbs in Arabic. This study uses a qualitative study of literature. All data in this study were generated through the documentation method and to analyze the data researcher using a descriptive approach by comparing verbs in Arabic and English. And the results of this study indicate that verbs in Arabic and English are every word that indicates something that happened at a certain time. But between the two have similarities and differences. The similarities between the two are in the aspects of definition, sign, and division. The differences include division and marks. Verbs in Arabic are divided into 3, while in English are divided into 4. Verbs in Arabic and English also have different characteristics. The prediction of the problem about verbs in Arabic when teaching them to students is that verbs which have differences will be difficult for students to understand, while verbs that have similarities will be easily understood by students.
Tadakhkhulu al-Lughatu al-Umm fî Mahârati al-Kalâm bimarkazi al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah fî Ma'hadi al-'Inâyah Sumber Batu lilbanât Pegantenan Pamekasan
Authors: Khuluq Muchsinul , Zulaikha Siti
Published: February 2022

This study covers 2 main problems, namely, what are the types of interventions Mother language in speaking skills at the Arabic Language Center of al-Inayah Putri Islamic Boarding School Sumber Batu Pegantenan Pamekasan and what are the factors that influence these interventions. This study uses a qualitative approach and data sources in this study came from the leadership of the cottage, the head of the Language center and several Arabic language center’s students of al-Inayah Putri Islamic Boarding School Sumber Batu Pegantenan Pamekasan. The method used in data collection is observation, interview and documentation. While the method used in analyzing data is a descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that there are 5 types of mother tongue interventions in speaking skills at the Arabic Language Center, namely phonetic interventions, morphological interventions, grammatical interventions, semantic interventions, and repetitive interventions. Of all the factors that researchers examined previously, most of the factors that often occur are censorship weakness, language position, initial use pressure, mastery of the first and second languages, the nature of interventions inherited earlier, and lack of vocabulary retention.
Ta'lîmu Ashwâti al-Lughah bi at-Tharîqah al-Tarkîbiyyah al-Tahlîlîyyah li Mahârati al-Istimâ' li al-Thullâb al-Mubtadiîn
Authors: Khozaimah Khozaimah
Published: February 2022

Dar al-Lughah Wa Dirasat al-Islamiyyah Pamekasan Islamic boarding school is an Arabic language development institutions which applies phonetics learning to students at the first grade. Phonetic learning is important in learning Arabic especially for listening skill. Arabic phonetics and listening skill are an inseparable unity. First graders need to learn phonetics to support their listening skills in learning Arabic. At Dar al-Lughah, this is taught using synthetic-analytical methods (al-thariqah al-tarkibiyyah al-tahliliyyah) as it is considered very effective. The results of observations, interviews, questionnaires and document examination through descriptive qualitative methods show that the use of synthetic-analtical method is very suitable for phonetics subject learning among first graders of Dar al-Lughah. Moreover, several media are used. One of with is schematic drawing of the face (rasm al-takhthithi li al-wajhi). However, some problems arise in the process of phonetics learning, including:1) First graders are not accustomed to recite any sounds of Arabic letters, words or sentences in good and right pronounciation.2) First graders find it difficult to harden the tongue in pronouncing some specific sounds of Arabic letters, especially those which do not exist in Indonesian language, 3) Most of first graders come from schools where they were not used to listen to Arabic letter pronunciation from native speakers.
Google Meeting Sebagai Media Alternatif di Masa Pandemi Dalam Pembelajaran Maharah Kitabah
Authors: Vinda
Published: February 2022

During online learning, many applications have been launched to support the learning process in the world of education. Starting from the existence of the Learning Management System (LMS), the use of various kinds of Video Conferencing, even to the use of social media which is not a medium for learning but still used for the expected learning to take place. The research objective was to find out how to process and student’s responses related to the use of Video conferencing (Google Meet) in learning Khat Imla’ in the Arabic Language Education Department (PBA) in Semester II and IV of IAIN Surakarta. This type of research is qualitative with descriptive methods. The data collection techniques are interviews and questionnaires. The result of this study is the learning process using Google Meet video conferencing has been going quite well, seen from the level of student participation in attending lectures is very satisfying. In terms of understanding the material, it is quite understandable by students. However, from the point of view of using google meet to practice writing khat imla’, it is still less effective, due to signal problems which cause the video stucked when the lecture is practicing writing khat imla’, so that in the training and evaluation process there are still many students who complain of difficulties.
Cooperative Learning Dalam Bahasa Arab: Metode Belajar di MA Nurul Huda
Authors: Satriadi Satriadi satriadi , Muassomah
Published: February 2022

The paper elaborates about the application of Arabic learning with the Cooperative Learning method, along with the results obtained after applying this method to 11 students of class XI MA Nurul Huda Pandan Jaya. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach with observation, interview and documentation research instruments. The results showed that the applied Cooperative Learning method is able to affect student’s outcomes, besides that students are more motivated to think more critically in solving problems in the form of discussions, and are more courageous to express their arguments both in their groups and to deliver to the class.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Dalam Penggunaan Teknologi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab pada Pertemuan Tatap Muka Terbatas di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Ayu Desrani  , Suci Ramadhanti Febriani  , Rosita Ilhami
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine how student’s perceptions in the implementation of limited face-to-face learning (PTMT) and also the use of learning technology at STAI Al-Musdariyah Cimahi. The population and samples were taken from Arabic students at STAI Al-Musdariyah Cimahi city with a total number of 29 students. This research was qualitative research with descriptive method and the data were analyzed using data source triangulation technique. The findings of this study: 1) lectures were carried out online and offline based on the results of distributing questionnaires as many as 58.6% of students determine that the implementation of learning was carried out online & offline or blended learning, 34.5% of students preferred offline learning and as many as 6.9 % set for full online. 2) learning technology used as a means of online learning, namely WhatsApp as learning monitoring, Zoom as face-to-face learning, YouTube as a media for learning Arabic. While offline learning uses projector and language labs as learning support. Based on the results of learning Arabic, it can be seen that STAI Al-Musdariyah has implemented some of the government's recommendations to facilitate learning by applying limited ace-to-face learning (PTMT) and learning technology
„Zobojętnieć na toksyny”? O wybranych sposobach dostosowania społecznego
Authors: Kasińska-Metryka Agnieszka
Published: February 2022

The aim of the paper is to present a strategy of social survival in the conditions of a crisis of parliamentary democracy. Threats to the rule of law are compared to toxins that have accumulated in the world of living organisms over the years and thus have prevented their proper functioning. The analysis covers three strategies, including passive and active ones, for individuals or groups that need to adjust to the expectations of a subject/entity exercising power. The differentiation of these strategies depends on the degree of subordination of the individual (servant personality type) as well as on the place that both material and non-material goods occupy in one’s value system.
The Impact of Implementing a Proposed Program for Developing Critical Thinking Skills among Student Teachers at the High Institute for Teachers in Bashir Al Ibrahimi, Algeria
Authors: Al-Hidabi Dawood , Ramdane Tahraoui , Laçri Fatiha
Published: February 2022

The study aimed to investigate the impact of implementing a proposed program for developing critical thinking skills among student teachers at the High Institute for Teachers in Bashir Al Ibrahimi, Algeria. The quantitative, semi-experimental, one-group approach was used, consisting of a pre- and post-test. The developed program was applied to a sample of 37 male and female students from science specializations. The California Critical Thinking Test (2000) version (A) was used after testing its validity and reliability. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between post and pre-test for some critical thinking skills, namely analysis, induction and deduction, while there were no statistically significant differences between the post and pre-test for inference and evaluation skills. Based on the study findings and Cohen Index (D), the impact of implementing the developed program on developing critical thinking skills was generally weak.
Proyectos para un paisaje de la memoria : el Concurso para el Memorial de Auschwitz-Birkenau = Projects for a landscape of memory: The Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial Competition
Authors: Álvarez Álvarez Darío
Published: February 2022

ResumenEl concurso para el Memorial de Auschwitz-Birkeanu, iniciado en 1957, representa un hito en la reflexión sobre el sentido de un paisaje arquitectónico de la memoria en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Los proyectos que se presentaron en las diferentes fases del concurso, que se alargó diez años hasta 1967, contienen no solo una fuerte carga formal sino una importante búsqueda conceptual por reflejar y sintetizar de manera simbólica, mediante elementos arquitectónicos y de paisaje, la huella de todo el horror que se había vivido en el campo de exterminio polaco. De entre todos ellos destaca el proyecto “The Road”, del equipo dirigido por el arquitecto Oskar Hansen, una propuesta que, de haberse realizado, hubiese marcado un sentido nuevo en el proyecto de paisajes arqui­tectónicos en su relación con los movimientos plásticos de vanguardia. Sin embargo, el resultado final del concurso fue la construcción de un mero monumento conmemorativo de escaso carácter, perdiendo así una gran oportunidad en la investigación y el desarrollo de los paisajes arquitectóni­cos contemporáneos.AbstractThe competition for the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial, started in 1957, represents a milestone in the reflection on the meaning of an architectural landscape of memory in the second half of the 20th century. The projects that were presented in the different phases of the contest, which lasted ten years until 1967, contain not only a strong formal charge but also an important conceptual search to symbolically reflect and synthesize, through architectural and landscape elements, the footprint of all the horror that had been lived in the Polish Death Camp. Among all of them stands out the project “The Road”, developed by the team led by the architect Oskar Hansen, a proposal that, if it had been carried out, would have marked a new meaning in the architectural landscape project in its relationship with avant-garde plastic movements. However, the end result of the competition was the construction of a mere commemorative monument of little character, thus missing a great opportunity in the research and development of contemporary architectural landscapes.
Discovery of Novel Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 5 (TAAR5) Antagonists Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Bon Carlotta , Chern Ting-Rong , Cichero Elena , O'Brien Terrence , Gustincich Stefano , Gainetdinov Raul R , Espinoza Stefano
Published: February 2022

Trace amine-associated receptor 5 (TAAR5) is a G protein-coupled receptor that belongs to the TAARs family (TAAR1-TAAR9). TAAR5 is expressed in the olfactory epithelium and is responsible for sensing 3-methylamine (TMA). However, recent studies showed that TAAR5 is also expressed in the limbic brain regions and is involved in the regulation of emotional behaviour and adult neurogenesis, suggesting that TAAR5 antagonism may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for anxiety and depression. We used the AtomNet® model, the first deep learning neural network for structure-based drug discovery, to identify putative TAAR5 ligands and tested them in an in vitro BRET assay. We found two mTAAR5 antagonists with low to submicromolar activity that are able to inhibit the cAMP production induced by TMA. Moreover, these two compounds also inhibited the mTAAR5 downstream signalling, such as the phosphorylation of CREB and ERK. These two hits exhibit drug-like properties and could be used to develop further more potent TAAR5 ligands with putative anxiolytic and antidepressant activity.
The Impact of Sub-Microscopic Malaria parasitaemia on Rapid Diagnosis in North-Eastern Tanzania, an Area with Diverse Transmission Patterns
Authors: Kaaya Robert Diotrephes , Matowo Johnson , Kajeguka Debora , Tenu Filemoni , Shirima Boniface , Mosha Franklin , Kavishe Reginald
Published: February 2022

Global malaria epidemiology has changed in the last decade with a substantial increase in cases and death being recorded. Over 90% of global cases and deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Tanzania accounts for about 4% of all cases and deaths reported in recent years. It is believed that several factors contribute to the resurgence of malaria, parasite resistance to antimalarials and mosquito resistance to insecticides being at the top of the list. The presence of sub-microscopic infections poses a significant challenge to malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDT), particularly in low-endemic areas. Our cross-sectional surveys in Handeni and Moshi, Tanzania assessed the effect of low parasite density on mRDT. A significant difference (P˂0.001) in malaria prevalence by mRDT, light microscopy (LM) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was found among age groups. In comparison to all other groups, school-age children (5-15 years) had the highest prevalence of malaria. Based on the results of this study, mRDT may miss up to 6% of cases of malaria mainly due to low-density parasitaemia. Routinely used mRDT will likely miss the sub-microscopic parasitemia which will ultimately contribute to the continued spread of malaria and hinder efforts to control and eliminate it.
Online teaching, challenges and educational inequalities: facing the pandemic in Riacho de Santana, Bahia
Authors: Moreira Antônio Domingos , Santos Arlete Ramos dos , Halmann Adriane Lizbehd , Gomes Edilane de Jesus
Published: February 2022

The social isolation, necessary to reduce the spread of the virus that causes the greatest epidemic ever experienced, brought the need for a series of adaptations to guarantee education for all. However, as it is a context that has never been never experienced before, this study is necessary, which sought to analyze the adaptations implemented in the municipal education system of Riacho de Santana, a small municipality in Bahia due to Covid-19, as well as their impacts on inequalities. For this purpose, a research was carried out with the perspective of Historical Dialectical Materialism, in which the teachers of the municipality were invited to answer a questionnaire about the educational actions developed during the pandemic. The results demonstrate that there are no unified public policies for social well-being to provide elementary conditions for the most vulnerable. Although several actions were taken to adapt education to Remote Education, teachers, families and students have experienced a series of difficulties, which means, in the last case, the worsening of social and educational inequalities.
Communicative competence of elementary school teachers
Authors: Bader Svitlana , Varianytsia Liudmyla Oleksandrivna , Hrechyshkina Iryna , Dudnyk Oksana , Pochynkova Mariia
Published: February 2022

The article considers the problem of teacher's professional communication through the prism of his/her communicative competence formation. The authors present their own approach to the essence of the concept “communicative competence”. The value of personal qualities of the teacher in establishing communicative relations in the system “teacher-student” and professional development was found out. The aim was to determine the features of the formation of communicative qualities of the elementary school teacher, the application in practical activity; the main conditions and techniques of development of successful pedagogical communication; the characteristics of the structure of communicative competence. To disclose the issue of communicative competence we used general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison), interdisciplinary (interview, conversation, observation) and methods of mathematical statistics. In order to empirically study the process of formation of communicative competence of a teacher, we conducted research among students who had experience of practical classes in elementary school. The sample consisted of 200 applicants for the specialty “Elementary education”. The results showed that the dominant majority of the respondents have no difficulties in professional communication. They are able to provide students with the necessary instructional material and establish a trusting relationship with them. However, the presence of students insecure about their own communicative competence indicates the need to introduce new approaches and methods of practical training of future specialists into the educational space of higher education.