bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Ekosistem Mangrove dan Perubahan Lingkungan Pesisir Pulau Bawean, 1886–1923
Authors: Novel Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to discuss the history of mangrove ecosystem utilization and physical changes on the coast of Bawean Island during 1886 – 1923. This article used the historical method which consists of heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Image classification and maps comparation applied as proponent system in this study to analysis coastal change. The first step is analysis data showing the activities of Bawean residents in utilizing the mangrove ecosystem. The second is analysis through image classification and map comparation to analyze historical changes. Based on this analysis, it can be seen that residents use the mangrove ecosystem for daily needs such as foundations and house roofs. Residents have also converted the function of the mangrove ecosystem into residential areas and agricultural land. Therefore, the activity of residents in coastal area as well as use of mangrove ecosystem plays a role in changing the coastal environment of Bawean Island.
Pengaruh Ideologi Gerakan Konservasi Global di Indonesia dari Abad ke-19 hingga ke-21
Authors: Khairina Mustika Indah , Rahmania Farhani Nurshafa
Published: April 2024

The history of the environmental conservation movement in Indonesia is not detached from the global elitist influence. The policy products of the elites’ thought and European colonialism backward originated from a few influential persons in the Western countries that came across to the Dutch East Indies through international persuades. Natural conservation that had originally been a part of indigenous daily life has been slowly transformed as a modern scientific area of works that need a specific expertise. So therefore, this research was aimed to explore and question the impact of the international conservation movement toward Indonesia for about the 19th to 20th century. The research used literature study and interview methods. Then, the analysis was focused on the aspects of Indonesia conservation policy, funding, and people’s participation.
Research on Cultivation Mechanism of College Managers in the Context of "Double First-class" Construction
Authors: Wu Juan
Published: April 2024

The construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, which is of great significance for enhancing the level of China's educational development, strengthening the core competitiveness of the country and laying the foundation for long-term development. As an important part of the university faculty, university administrators will become specific organizers and implementers of school development and discipline construction in the context of "double first-class". However, at present, the overall ability and quality of university management personnel are not yet compatible with the requirements of "double first-class" university construction. Therefore, it is urgent to cultivate and build a team of managers who are both moral and talented, who know their profession, who understand education, who are good at management, and who have a reasonable structure and are relatively stable, so as to make sure that they are compatible with the construction and development of the "double first-class" universities.
Wirkungsanalyse des Härtefall-Fonds
Authors:   IWI - Industriewissenschaftliches Institut, Brunner Philipp , Dick Nikias , Luptáčik Peter , Mooslechner Eva-Maria , Pöchhacker-Tröscher Gerlinde , Schneider Herwig W.
Published: April 2024

Der COVID-19-Härtefall-Fonds wurde als Fördermaßnahme zum Ausgleich bzw. zur Abschwächung von Einkommensentgängen bei Selbständigen als Folge der Ausbreitung des Erregers SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) konzipiert. Die gegenständliche Analyse widmet sich der Dimensionierung und Verortung der mikro- und makroökonomischen Wirkungen des Härtefall-Fonds in der vorab skizzierten Ausgangslage. Im Blickpunkt des Erkenntnisinteresses stehen auch Hinweise auf Treffsicherheit oder Fehleranfälligkeit des Instruments in Hinblick auf potentielle Mitnahmeeffekte und Überförderung. Hinweis: Diese Studie wird im fteval Repositorium aufgenommen um als Referenz für andere COVID-19-bezogene Förderschienen im FTI-Bereich zu dienen und so sektorübergreifendes Lernen zu ermöglichen.
Breast Cancer Tumour Masks Segmentation Using Modified U-Net with Channel Attention
Authors: Helen Akin-Olayemi Titilope. , Fagbuagun Ojo Abayomi , Abimbola Oguntuase R. , A Ojo Olufemi , Oyeladun Makinde Bukola
Published: April 2024

Abstract: A modified U-Net for biomedical image segmentation with channel attention is developed for breast cancer image segmentation. A unique step in biomedical image analysis is segmentation because it determines the accuracy of image analysis algorithms. Algorithms for accurate and early breast cancer detection in women using mammograms depend highly on the accuracy of the segmentation stage. In this thesis, in order to improve on the segmentation ability of the traditional UNet architecture, it was modified by varying the fixed kernel sizes that it was originally designed for. In this model, progressively increasing kernel sizes of 3x3, 5x5, 7x7, 9x9 and 11x11 were used, which is different from the architecture of UNet that depended on fixed 3x3 kernel sizes for all convolutional layers. The first Convolutional block of the proposed model contains two Conv2D layers with 3x3 kernel sizes, ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) activation function, and 16 channel dimensions. A maxpooling2D layer with pool size of (2x2) was placed to downsample the image size before feeding to the next convolutional block which used the same activation function, with 32 channel dimension and 5x5 kernel size. The next convolutional block used 64 channel dimensions with 7x7 kernel size, then a 9x9 kernel size Conv2D block with 128 channel dimensions was placed before the Conv2D with upsampling. The squeeze and excitation block was placed after this convolutional layer and in-between the two convolutional blocks with 11x11 kernel sizes, to reallocate the weight of the essential features to ensure that more discriminate features are learnt from the breast cancer images to improve the overall representational strength of the network through the performance of dynamic feature recalibration of the image channels. This significantly improved the performance of the segmentation by explicitly modeling the interdependencies between channels in the convolutional layers. The increasing kernel sizes enables the model to learn more discriminate features from the images. Jaccard similarity index, F1 score, Recall, Precision, F2 score, and accuracy results were used to compare the result of the proposed model with other models such as U-Net model and Baseline model. The results shows a better performance of 0.88 for Jaccard similarity index, 0.94 for F1 score, 0.93 for recall, 0.92 for precision, 0.92 for F2 score, and an accuracy score of 0.98%. The model is good for biomedical image segmentation.
Face Sketch Creation and Recognition
Authors: Kushwaha Prof. Anoop
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper presents a wisdom mapping approach to dissect the thematic elaboration of face recognition exploration. For this reason, different bibliometric tools are combined (Performance analysis, wisdom mapping and Coword analysis) to identify the most important, productive and loftiest- -impact sub fields. also, different visualization tools are used to display a graphical vision of the face recognition field to determine the thematic disciplines and their evolutionary geste. . Eventually, this study proposes the most applicable lines of exploration for the face recognition field. Findings indicate a huge increase in face recognition exploration since 2014. Mixed approaches revealed a great interest compared to original and global approaches. In terms of algorithms, the use of deep literacy styles is the new trend. On the other hand, the illumination variation impact on face recognition algorithms' performances is currently, the most important and impacting challenge for the face recognition field.
Planning, Designing, Rendering and Model Making of Institutional Building Using Autocad, Sketchup and Rhino
Authors: Sridevi P. , Ramani K. Revathi , Vinay T.Y.V. , Srinu S. , Sujatha G. , Srinivas M. , SaiSandeep K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper presents a holistic methodology for retroactively planning, designing, rendering, and model making of Dr. Lankapalli Bullayya College, an existing educational institution employee AutoCAD, Sketchup and Rhino software. The approach aims to enhance the colleges architectural features, visualize potential renovations, and communicate design proposals effectively. Beginning with AutoCAD, precise measurements and existing floor plans are digitized to establish a comprehensive foundation for the redesign process. Sketchup is then utilized to create 3D models of thecollege, allowing for virtual exploration of design modifications and spatial arrangements. Rhino software further refines the 3D models, incorporating intricate details and architectural enhancement.Rendering techniques are applied using both Sketchup and Rhino, enriching visualizations with realisticmaterials, lighting effects and contextual elements. These rendered images serve as valuable Tools for stakeholders to visualize proposed changes and provide feedback. In the model making phase, a combination of digital fabrication methods and traditional model making techniques are employed to produce physical prototypes of the redesigned college. These models facilitate a tangible understanding ofspecial relationships and design interventions, aiding in decision making process andcommunity engagement.By integrating AutoCAD, Sketchup, and Rhino, this approach offers a comprehensivesolution for retroactivearchitectural design, enabling stakeholders to re imagine and revitalize existing structuressuchasDr.Lankapalli BullayyaCollegewith efficiency and precision. This project focuses on the planning, designing, rendering and model making of Dr. Lankapalli Bullayya College, leveraging AutoCAD, Sketchup and Rhino. The completed structure serves as the basis for refining architectural elements and visual representations. Through the integration of the software tools, the projectaimsto optimize the collegesspecial layout, aesthetic appeal and functional efficiency
Revealing Transitive Verbs in Arabic Short Stories: A Case of Tagmemic Approach
Authors: Basid Abdul , Al Lastu Nurul Fatim  , Jumriyah Jumriyah , Masrokhin Masrokhin
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to reveal transitive verbs, both active and passive monotransitive, in the Arabic short story “al-’Ajuz was al-’Ushfur” by Mahasin Jadu by using Kenneth L. Pike’s tagmemic theory, which consists of four elements. This study was qualitative-descriptive. Data was collected by reading and noting techniques from short story texts based on Kenneth L. Pike’s four tagmemic elements. The result of the study showed that based on Kenneth L. Pike’s four tagmemic elements, active transitive verbs were expressed by using four structures: (1) transitive verb phrase, noun phrase 1, and noun phrase 2; (2) transitive verb phrase, noun phrase 1, noun phrase 2, and adjunct (prepositional phrase); (3) transitive verb phrase, noun phrase 1, and noun phrase 2; (4) transitive verb phrases (noun phrase 1), adjunct (prepositional phrase), and noun phrase 2. The passive monotransitive verbs founded on one structure were expressed by using transitive verb phrases, noun phrases 1, and noun phrases 2. The result of this study shows that in many cases of transitive phrases, both active and passive monotransitive forms might stimulate the notion of different meanings by using their own syntactic structures.
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MOISTURE IN INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF CALCULATING HEAT LOSSES OF A BUILDING
Authors: Zubarev Kirill
Published: April 2024

A discrete-continuous approach was applied to the moisture transfer equation, which made it possible to obtain an analytical solution for the moisture potential. The new method was applied to study the unsteady-state moisture regime of the facade heat-insulating composite system with expanded polystyrene insulation and aerated concrete base. It was found that the mass moisture content of building materials achieved in the walls during the period of operation is lower than the mass moisture content used in construction regulations, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of calculating the transmission heat losses of the building. Calculations of heat losses of a two-storey building in the climatic conditions of Moscow (Russia) showed a decrease in the heating system load by 5 %, and the reduction in heat losses for specific premises of the building ranged from 3.6 to 7 %.
COMPUTER MODELING OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT JOINTS OF WOOD COMPOSITE PANELS
Authors: Lukin Mikhail , Roshchina Svetlana , Lukina Anastasiya , Rimshin Vladimir
Published: April 2024

High air permeability and the presence of thermal bridges at the junctions of wooden frame wall panels have a significant impact on the thermal balance of the building and its operational characteristics. The importance of improving the energy efficiency of nodal interfaces of panels with a wooden frame is undeniable.

To date, there is no single generally accepted method for calculating heat losses through nodal interfaces of panels with a wooden frame. Based on the analysis carried out, it is necessary to carry out calculations and measurements that allow creating this calculation methodology. To carry out numerical studies, a list of characteristics and parameters affecting their conduct is formulated: the influence of the thickness of a li-ear-discrete inclusion on the heat-protective properties of the panel docking unit; the thermal conductivity characteristics of the material used to fill linear-discrete inclusions affecting the heat flux density of the node interface; consideration of the influence of the outdoor temperature of air depending on different climatic zones on the density of heat flow. The dependences of the heat flux density on the "inner" surface of the experimental samples on the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material of the insulating insert, the width of the insulating insert and the outside air temperature were revealed and the nature of the temperature distribution on the "inner" surface of the prototypes was established. By calculating two-dimensional temperature fields in the cross section of the node, isofields of temperature distribution inside the structure, isofields of heat flux density and its direction, lines of temperature distribution and heat flux density along the inner and outer surfaces are obtained. It was found that the heat flux density in the ribs with heat-insulating inclusions is lower in comparison with solid wood parts by an amount from 13% to 52%.
BEARING CAPACITY OF T-BEAMS WITH A FLANGE MADE OF HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE AND LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT OF CLASS А500С
Authors: Rogatnev Yuriy , Sokolov Oleg , Perekalskiy Oleg , Jawid Hasani Mohammad Mahdi
Published: April 2024

Experimental and numerical studies of the bearing capacity and deformation of T-beams with a flange made of high-strength concrete and longitudinal reinforcement of class A500C with a web made of concrete of ordinary strength were carried out on prototypes of beams and numerical models. The beams being tested are considered at different percentages of reinforcement. The calculation scheme of the beams corresponded to a four-point bend.
As a result of experimental and numerical studies, the nature of the destruction of beams, their deformation and the nature of cracking are determined. Experimental and numerical relationships of relative deflections on relative bending moments are obtained. A comparative analysis of the values of the bearing capacity and the relative height of the compressed zone of the beams, obtained experimentally, numerically and according to SP 63.13330.2018, was carried out. The nature of the distribution of deformations in concrete of normal section of beams at different levels of loading is determined.
Experience of Leading European Global Cities in Attracting Foreign Direct Investments and Labor Migrants: Opportunities for Use in Russia
Authors: Bulatov Alexander S. , Habarta Andrzej A. , Sergeev Egor A.
Published: April 2024

This research examines how Russian cities can learn from leading European global cities in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign labor migrants. It emphasizes the link between migration and investment flows in global cities specialized in specific services. Global cities play a crucial role in attracting transnational factors of economic growth, with migration being a significant factor. The study analyzes the potential benefits of migration to global cities, including increased trade and capital flows. This benefits both the countries of origin through remittances and the global cities themselves through FDI. European global cities, including London, Paris, Amsterdam, Stockholm, Madrid, Frankfurt, Vienna, Zurich, Dublin, and Berlin, are major centers attracting FDI and labor migrants. Each city has its own specialization and competitive advantages, contributing to the global division of labor. Building on previous research, the study analyzes the attracting factors identified by the City of London for FDI and foreign-born skilled personnel. It aims to identify applicable opportunities for Moscow and St. Petersburg, the leading Russian global cities. While Moscow and St. Petersburg are well-ranked, other Russian cities have limited recognition. The research plans to expand to other Russian global cities, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of global city development. The research explores how Russian cities can leverage the experiences of leading European global cities to attract FDI and foreign labor migrants. By doing so, Russian cities can foster economic growth and enhance their global standing.
Book Review: Müllerson, R. (2021). Living in Interesting Times: Curse or Chance? Recollections of an International Lawyer - Participant and Observer. London: Austin Macauley Publishers, 219 p.
Authors: Bezborodov Yury S. , Khalafyan Rustam M. , Vedel Igor A.
Published: April 2024

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Israel in the Context of the “New Bipolarity”
Authors: Krylov Alexander V. , Mikaelian Arman A.
Published: April 2024

The study is dedicated to the main guidelines of the foreign policy of the State of Israel in the context of the current transformation of the world order. Before the start of the special military operation, despite a fairly strong strategic alliance with the United States, Israel pursued a pragmatic foreign policy and maintained mutually beneficial bilateral relations with the leading powers of the non-Western world - especially Russia, China and India. However, the sharp escalation of the situation in the Palestinian territories in October 2023 put Israel in front of an existential choice under the conditions of the emerging new bipolarity, and this choice was made in favor of the United States and its NATO allies. Now the official rhetoric in Israel has become consonant with the one that prevailed during the period of the severed relations between Russia and Israel. Nevertheless, in formulating policies where Russian and Israeli positions do not coincide, both sides continue to coordinate all actions within the framework of a joint dialogue. The article focuses on the main issues on which Russia and Israel differ: Ukrainian, Iranian, and Palestinian factors. China and India occupy a special place among Israel’s foreign policy priorities. The importance of these countries for the Jewish state will be increasing due to the inevitable isolationist tendencies in the region, which are growing against the backdrop of the worsening Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The article examines the main trends in Israel’s relations with some Arab countries, China and India.
Cooperation Between the USSR and India in the 1950-1960s: The First Youth and Student Visits
Authors: Starikova Mariia N. , Kurylev Konstantin P. , Chereshneva Larisa A.
Published: April 2024

In the 21st century, the Russian Federation and the Republic of India have great scientific and educational potential. The particularly privileged strategic partnership between the two states is aimed, among other things, at the development and innovations of scientific and educational cooperation, which has stable traditions laid down in the second half of the last century. It was during this period that the first connections were established between students and youth of the two countries. The VI World Festival of Youth and Students, held in Moscow in 1957, was the starting point for building youth cooperation, the activities of the International Youth Tourism Bureau “Sputnik,” and the first tourist trips of Soviet students to India. The relevance of the article is determined by the appeal of the interuniversity team of authors of the RUDN University, MGIMO University and Lipetsk State Pedagogical P. P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky University to the topic that had not previously been the subject of comprehensive research either in Russia or in India. The purpose of this study is to analyze the goals, forms of organization and significance of the Soviet-Indian youth and student partnership in the late 1950s - early 1960s on the basis of materials from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History that were not involved in scientific circulation. The authors use a constructivist approach demonstrating the connection between society and politics and revealing the impact of international cooperation on the institutionalization, development of scientific and educational partnership between the USSR and India at the interstate and interinstitutional levels. The Khrushchev “thaw” period laid the foundations for Soviet-Indian cooperation between the two states in the field of higher education, youth and student academic exchange and tourism. In the 21st century, the experience of the world festivals of youth and students, the work of the “Sputnik” bureau is relevant, since the Republic of India is one of the important and priority partners for the Russian Federation. Students of Modern Russia also face the task of establishing and developing academic and cultural ties with India, increasing the prestige of the country in the eyes of Indians and the whole world.
Key Aspects of India’s Arms Export Policy amid Military-Industrial Complex Reform
Authors: Likhachev Kirill A.
Published: April 2024

The study examines the key features and areas of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government’s policy aimed at boosting the export of weapons, military and special equipment (WMSE) within the broader strategy of reforming the Indian military-industrial complex (MIC). The long-term goal of the Indian government is to achieve “strategic autonomy” in the defence sector. In the short term, Indian arms exports serve as the driving force behind the “Make in India” and “Self-reliant India” programmes - pivotal components of Prime Minister Modi’s political agenda. The significant amplification factor for India’s export ambitions has been conditioned in part by the escalating border tensions with China since 2017. The export of WMSE is emerging as a crucial tool to strengthen India’s bilateral relations with countries in the Asia-Pacific region to counterbalance China. Nonetheless, to propel India into the group of the world’s leading arms exporters, as well as to gain full “strategic independence,” may be hard to achieve even in the long run. Despite systemic reforms in the military-industrial complex, efforts to engage private businesses and attract foreign capital, a number of challenges impede the growth of the defence industry and the export potential of the Indian military-industrial complex. These include the inadequate development of India’s manufacturing sector, dependency on foreign technologies, and insufficient funding for military-technical advancements. At the same time, the policy of supporting defence exports and reforming the MIC has been a stable trend in the strategy of the BJP government, playing a crucial role in the fulfillment of its short, medium and long term goals.
Professional selection at the university as a means for improving the quality of engineers training
Authors: Anisimov R. I.
Published: April 2024

Higher professional education is a social factor of labor productivity. The article considers some problems in training engineers on the example of the mechanical engineering. Russia is one of the world leaders in the number of trained engineers, while the Russian industry is in dire need of qualified engineering personnel. Based on the statistical data, the author shows that 40 % of graduates do not work in their specialty, and 30 % of students do not complete their studies; as a result, half of engineering specialties’ students do not connect their careers with engineering. The author argues that such an insufficient professional selection during the period of study at universities is determined by per capita financing, practices of “saving the contingent” and a student-oriented strategy in Russian universities. Thus, it is necessary to return some elements of the Soviet higher education system by abandoning per capita financing and a student-oriented strategy.
Some (relatively) new conceptual ‘frames’ supplementing the study of human capital in rural sociology
Authors: Nikulin A. M. , Trotsuk I. V.
Published: April 2024

The article continues the authors’ thoughts about the necessary conceptual frameworks that would help rural sociology provide more reliable insights and data in the study of such a relatively new (in the conceptual-analytical perspective) social phenomenon as rural human capital. In the previous article, we presented a brief overview of such half-forgotten but still relevant theoretical foundations of rural sociology as agricultural economics, theories of peasant agrarianism, and theory of rural-urban continuum, which to a greater or lesser extent can be applied in the analysis of rural development and rural social and human capital. In this article, we provide a brief overview of some more recent agrarian ideas that seem to have sufficient but questionable heuristic potential for rural sociology. First, the idea and repeatedly tested projects of the Green Revolution, or the Third Agricultural Revolution, which implied technology transfer initiatives to greatly increase crop yields, opposed the concept of “Red Revolution” (comprehensive agrotechnological transformations instead of radical political ones), despite some skeptical assessments, in the last decades of the 20th century contributed to the reduction in global hunger, and, especially in its Soviet interpretations, seemed to be consonant with the more recent intellectual direction - development studies. Second, Peasant Studies defending the position that the very question about the need for a special theory of the peasantry and peasant societies is untenable, and presenting an attempt to develop a middlerange theory within historical sociology, which is based on the four most important characteristics of the peasantry in the past and present: family economy, work on land in interaction with nature, local culture of self-organization (rural community), and marginal role in relation to the state. Today’s disputes about the peasantry in the contemporary world are complemented by two macroconcepts - theory of international food regimes and theory of global rural development. Thus, we still miss unambiguous theoretical generalizations regarding rural development due to the extreme diversity of both rural areas (and their social/human capital) and interpretations/definitions of rural/agricultural development (for instance, deagrarianization and extractivism or rural-urban glocalization and optimistic “unorthodox” social-ecological model).
MULTICRITERIA MODELS IN REVENUE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Prague University of Economics and Business, The Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, W. Churchill Sq. 4, 130 67 Praha 3, Czech Republic, Fiala Petr , Majovska Renata ,   University of Finance and Administration, The Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management, Prague, Estonská 500, 101 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
Published: April 2024

Revenue management (RM) deals with selling the right product to the right customer at the right time at the right price through the right channel to maximise revenue. The innovation of RM lies in the way decisions are made. The performance of revenue management approaches can be evalu- ated against several criteria. Both discrete and continuous multicriteria models can be used to analyse RM. The performance pyramid is a comprehensive, fully integrated per- performance system that captures multiple perspectives such as internal, financial, customer and innovation. The assessment is based on a combina- tion of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaches. Customer behavior modeling is gaining increasing attention in revenue management. Customer choice models can be extended with more inputs and more outputs. Evaluation of alternatives can be performed using DEA- based evaluation methods. The search for an efficient frontier in a DEA model can be formulated as a multiobjective linear programming problem. We propose to use an Aspiration Level Oriented Procedure (ALOP) to solve the problem. Keywords: revenue management, performance measurement, multiple criteria, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Analytic Network Process (ANP), Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), customer behavior, efficient frontier, Aspiration Level Oriented Procedure (ALOP)
Proceso constituyente chileno: pasado, presente y futuro
Authors: Viera Álvarez Christian
Published: April 2024

Los procesos constituyentes chilenos son producto de una respuesta institucional frente a la crisis política inaugurada por el estallido social de 2019. El de la Convención Constitucional terminó con el rechazo de su propuesta de Constitución y la apertura de un nuevo proceso que, hasta el momento, el resultado es incierto. Este trabajo ensaya sobre algunas de las razones del fracaso del proceso de la Convención, especialmente por la profunda transformación del modelo de desarrollo chileno que significaba el estado social, en el marco de una cultura neoliberal.
Josefa
Authors: R A Sosa Trotti
Published: April 2024

En 1992, cuando mi país apenas se desahogaba de la hiperinflación, me dirigía a atender en una salita ubicada en una barriada muy humilde.

Llego, saludo a todos mientras recibo de la administrativa la planilla de pacientes donde registraban nombres y edades. La edad separada en dos columnas, una para cada sexo. Doy un vistazo rápido y noto que alguien tenía anotada la edad en la columna de los hombres, veinticuatro años, pero de nombre Josefa Jara. Inmediatamente me sonó un campanazo y, a velocidad luz, arremetió el recuerdo de un compañero de residencia de “tocogineco” que había consentido recetar abundantes dosis de hormonas femeninas a un travesti, con la idea de que se le desarrollen los pechos, o lo que sea. Mi recuerdo fue fugaz pero rotundo.

 

Atendí mis "pacientitas", algunas embarazadas y otras no. Llegó el turno del "mi caso incierto", llamé firme: “¡JosefJara!”, de un solo tirón. El inconsciente, muy puntual, ya se había metido. Y así fue que llamé con un nombre ni de hombre, ni de mujer.
Assessing the Stabilizing Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Atherosclerotic Plaque: An Interventional Study Investigating Cytokine Profiles in Diabetic Individuals
Authors: Hachula Marcin , Kosowski Michal , Basiak Marcin , Okopien Boguslaw
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the most
pressing global health challenges. The diabetic population has surged
dramatically, from 108 million in 1980 to an estimated 529 million in
2021. Hyperglycemia is intricately linked with endothelial dysfunction,
which contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, thereby
increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is closely associated with vulnerable
plaques, influenced by numerous cytokines. Consequently, contemporary
diabetes treatments must consider pleiotropic effects that mitigate
cardiovascular risk. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the
impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on
biomarkers indicative of atherosclerotic plaque instability, including
pentraxin 3 (PTX3), copeptin (CPC), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9),
and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Patients and Methods: Fifty subjects
aged 41–81 years (mean: 60.7) with diagnosed T2DM (median HbA1c:
8.75%), dyslipidemia, and confirmed atherosclerosis via B-mode
ultrasound were included. All subjects were eligible to initiate
treatment with a GLP-1 RA. Results: Following a 180-day intervention
with GLP-1 RAs, our study observed a statistically significant decrease
in biochemical markers associated with atherosclerotic plaque
instability, including PTX3, CPC, and MMP-9 (p < 0.001), as
well as Lp(a) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: GLP-1 receptor agonists
significantly reduce concentrations of PTX3, CPC, MMP-9, and Lp(a), all
implicated in plaque vulnerability. This effect may contribute to the
reduction of cardiovascular risk among diabetic patients.
Mathematical Fuzzy Modeling to Estimate Erosion Wear Rate of a Novel Metal Matrix Composite Produced by Powder Metallurgy Method
Authors: Behera Rajesh Kumar , Panda Binay Kumar , Samal Birajendu Prasad , Ota Rashmi Ranjan , Rout Ullash Kumar
Published: April 2024

The field of materials is currently undergoing extensive research to
identify novel materials possessing characteristics such as low weight,
high strength, and exceptional mechanical properties. This pursuit an
investigation into metal matrix-composites those are both lighter and
stronger. The study revolves around the development of an innovative
aluminium composite material characterized by notable density,
favourable machinability, low corrosion susceptibility, high strength,
light weight, and cost-effectiveness. In this research an aluminium
metal matrix composite of aluminium-0.5, silicon-0.5, magnesium-2.5,
copper-15, silicon carbide-1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 was developed by
metallurgical powder method and subjected to the study of erosion wear
properties. The investigation involved conducting solid-particle erosion
tests on prepared samples. A total of thirty five tests were executed,
considering four key process parameters: the percentage of silicon
carbide, stand-off distance, impact velocity, and impact angle. The
experimental findings revealed that the erosion rate exhibited minimum
with an increasing of impact angle, irrespective of the impact-velocity.
Additionally, at higher impact velocities, the erosion rate showed an
increase, while it decreased with an increasing stand-off distance.
Using different erosion test input parameters in the fuzzy model, the
fuzzy results and experimental data showed a percentage deviation not
exceeding 2.91 percent.
DESTRUCTIVE NON-INVASIVE INFECTION IN ISOLATED FRONTAL SINUS ASPERGILLOMA: REVEALING PREVALENCE AND PROPOSITION OF A NEW PATHOGENETIC MODEL.
Authors: Dohin Isabelle , Vinciguerra Alessandro , Sama Professor Anshul , Verillaud Benjamin , herman philippe
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study is to report our cases of isolated
frontal sinus aspergilloma (FSA), and identify key features and aspects
suggestive of this pathology. Moreover, we have investigated the
pathogenesis of this FSA, which has not been clearly elucidated yet.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study on cases of isolated FSA
treated at the unit of Otolaryngology of the Hopital Lariboisière in
Paris from 2009 to 2023 was performed. A chart review was done,
Demographic and radiologic data, type of treatment with intraoperative
findings, and follow-up were analyzed. Moreover, a literature review was
carried out on Pubmed and Scopus using the search terms “frontal sinus
aspergilloma”, “frontal sinus fungus ball” and “frontal sinus
mycetoma”. Non-invasive FSA characteristics, especially the relation
with surrounding bony structures were analyzed. Results: Six patients
were included. The median age of the patients was 58 years old (range
25-69); 2/6 patients were female. The most common symptom was headache.
All the patients underwent exclusive endoscopic sinus surgery. With
regards to literature review, 17 papers have been identified reporting a
total number of 30 cases of FSA. Overall, frontal sinus walls erosion
was described in 47% of the cases showing a prevalence of erosive
behavior of this pathology. Conclusions: FSA shows a higher incidence of
bone erosion compared to other PSA. The destructive behavior of FSA
could increase the risk of potential intracranial and intraorbital
complications. Recognizing the radiological features of FSA, is crucial
for accurate differential diagnosis with invasive forms of fungal
infections and treatment planning.
The Development of Innovative Techniques for Determining the Properties of Natural Hydraulic Lime
Authors: Mermer Nevin Karamahmut
Published: April 2024

Hydraulic mortars, produced by combining air-curing lime with pozzolans
and a water-hardening mortar, were widely used in ancient Greece and
Rome. Later in the 18th century, as we learned more about hydraulic
properties of materials obtained by burning clay-contaminated limestone,
there was a shift in the preferred materials used. Hydraulic and
pozzolan lime mortars are used in restoration and eco-friendly building.
Hydraulic lime’s characterization outside of reactions is unknown. A
technique to analyze and properly define changes in hydraulic lime
mortars made from natural and synthetic materials is a global priority.
The volume expansion and water vapor permeability properties of
hydraulic lime make it favorable restoration of heritages. The study
aims to increase our understanding of hydraulic lime hydration,
monitoring the hydrated phase changes, and use the results to verify
content by determining the composition. Combining XRD and FTIR, a method
has been devised for the characterization of hydraulic lime.
UNMASKING THE SILENT PANDEMIC: A CALL TO CONFRONT THE CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH CRISIS
Authors: Edward Majani , Korkuvi Antonio , Nketsiah David Ekow , Awuni Cindy Anuweh
Published: April 2024

Climate change, a defining challenge of the 21st century, silently
threatens global health. This study delves into this often-overlooked
“silent pandemic,” exploring its far-reaching impacts on human health
and advocating for urgent action.Ignoring the interconnectedness between
climate and health has grave consequences. The research exposes the
uneven distribution of health burdens, highlighting how vulnerable
populations bear the brunt of heat stress, infectious diseases, food
insecurity, and mental health challenges. Climate change acts as a cruel
amplifier of existing health inequities, widening the gap between the
fortunate and the forgotten.The conclusion paints a stark picture,
demanding immediate action. Aggressive climate mitigation strategies are
paramount, alongside investments in building resilience for vulnerable
communities. Tackling the social determinants of health and integrating
climate considerations into public health policies are crucial steps
towards a more just and resilient society. Finally, raising public
awareness and galvanizing collective action are essential to hold
leaders accountable and build a future where climate change no longer
dictates our health. This study serves as a clarion call, urging a shift
from acknowledging the threat to actively confronting it. By recognizing
the silent pandemic and taking decisive action, we can safeguard the
health and well-being of generations to come .
Novel Identification of mAbs by Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Duan Maoqin , Liu Jun , Wang and Lan , Du Jialiang , Du Jialiang
Published: April 2024

The identification of the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of
monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a key component of quality by design.
Traditional detection methods for the identification of mAbs, such as
peptide mapping and weak cation-exchange chromatography (WCX-HPLC),
require sophisticated equipment, experienced staff, and a considerable
amount of time. In this study, the novel identification of mAbs was
performed using Raman spectroscopy, combined with the evaluation of
other CQAs, such as the appearance and purity of size-exclusion
high-performance liquid chromatography(SEC-HPLC), charge heterogeneity
of WCX-HPLC, and bioassay. Raman spectroscopy achieved comparable
results to the conventional, but complex, approach to identifying
anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies. Raman spectroscopy
was used to identify and distinguish between different antibody types.
Additionally, the Raman technique with principal component analysis of
multivariate algorithms is rapid, efficient, and accurate for mAb
identification; this technique has great potential to support
biopharmaceutical development and counterfeiters.
Colorectal cancer cells with stably expressed SIRT3 demonstrate proliferating retardation by Wnt/β-catenin cascade inactivation
Authors: Li Ye , Li Tianyu , Fan Leqi , Jia Yijiang , Xu Chen , Guo Wei , Wang Yuji
Published: April 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a typical and lethal digestive system
malignancy. In this study, we investigated the effect of Sirtuin 3
(SIRT3) expression, a fidelity mitochondrial protein, on proliferation
of CRC cells and the related mechanisms. Using UALCAN database and CPTAC
database, we found low expression of SIRT3 in CRC was the unfavorable
factor for survival prognosis. Meanwhile，SIRT3 expression was
correlated with distant metastasis and TNM stage of CRC patients.
Subsequently, we found the proliferating capacities of CRC cells with
stably expressed SIRT3 were decreased dramatically in
vitro and in vivo, with comparison to their counterparts,
respectively. Further western blot (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP) and
TOPflash/FOPflash assay showed the related mechanism of growth
retardation of these cells was highly associated with the degradation of
β-catenin in cytosol, and the localization of β-catenin/α-catenin
complex in nucleus. Taken together, these results revealed the
retardation of CRC cell proliferation by SIRT3 was highly correlated
with the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Phenotypic divergence of Glossina morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) populations in Zambia: Application of landmark-based wing geometric morphometrics to discriminate population-level variation
Authors: Muyobela Jackson , Pirk Christian , Yusuf Abdullahi , Sole Catherine
Published: April 2024

An important consequence of the discontinuous distribution of insect
populations within their geographic range is phenotypic divergence.
Detection of this divergence can be challenging when it occurs through
subtle shifts in morphological traits with complex geometries, such as
insect wing venation. Here, we used landmark-based wing geometric
morphometrics to investigate the population-level phenotypic variation
of the two subspecies of Glossina morsitans, G. m. centralis Machado and
G. m. morsitans Westwood that occur in Zambia. Twelve homologous
landmarks digitized on the right wings of 720 specimens collected from
four and five sites (80 per site with 1:1 sex ratio) within the G. m.
centralis and G. m. morsitans range respectively, were subjected to
generalised Procrustes analysis to obtain wing centroid size (CS) and
wing shape variable. Linear permutation models were then used to compare
CS and wing shape between male and female G. morsitans, the two
subspecies G. m. centralis and G. m. morsitans, and between sample
locations within each subspecies range. Significant differences in CS
and wing shape were observed between G. morsitans sexes, subspecies and
sample locations within each subspecies range. Neighbour-joining trees
derived from the analysis of Procrustes distances showed that tsetse
within each subspecies range were highly divergent. We conclude that G.
morsitans populations in Zambia exhibit significant population-level
variation in fly size and wing shape which suggests high levels of
population structuring. The main drivers of this structuring could be
adaptation to local climatic condition, especially temperature and
random genetic drift. We therefore recommend molecular studies to
estimate the levels of gene flow between these populations and determine
their levels of genetic isolation.
Impact of socioeconomic status on healthy immune responses in humans
Authors: Bertrand Anthony , Sugrue Jamie , LOU Tianai , Bourke Nollaig , Quintana-Murci Lluis , Saint-André Violaine , O'Farrelly Cliona , Duffy Daragh
Published: April 2024

Individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) are at greater risk of
contracting and developing severe disease compared to people with higher
SES. Age, sex, host genetics, smoking, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
serostatus are known to have a major impact on human immune responses
and thus susceptibility to infection. However, the impact of SES on
immune variability is not well understood or explored. Here, we used
data from the Milieu Intérieur project, a study of 1,000 healthy
volunteers with extensive demographic and biological data, to examine
the effect of SES on immune variability. We developed an Elo-rating
system using socioeconomic features such as education, income, and
household to objectively rank SES in the 1,000 donors. We observed sex
specific SES associations, such as females with a low SES having
significantly higher frequency of CMV seropositivity compared to high
SES females, and males from a low SES having significantly higher
frequency of active smoking compared to high SES males. Using random
forest models, we identified specific immune genes which were
significantly associated with SES in both baseline and immune challenge
conditions. Interestingly, many of the SES associations were sex-stimuli
specific, highlighting the complexity of these interactions. Our study
provides a new way of computing SES in human populations that can help
identify novel SES associations and reinforces biological evidence for
SES-dependent susceptibility to infection. This should serve as a basis
for further understanding the molecular mechanisms behind socioeconomic
status effects on immune responses and ultimately disease.