bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microglial depletion rescues spatial memory impairment caused by LPS administration in adult mice
Authors: Zong Tao , Li Na , Han Fubing , Liu Junru , Deng Mingru , Li Vincent , Zhang Meng , Zhou Yu , Yu Ming
Published: November 2024

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of microglia, the resident macrophages in the brain, in regulating cognitive functions such as learning and memory in both healthy and diseased states. However, there are conflicting results and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the effect of depleting adult microglia on spatial learning and memory under both physiological conditions and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. Our results revealed that microglial depletion by PLX5622 caused mild spatial memory impairment in mice under physiological conditions; however, it prevented memory deficits induced by systemic LPS insult. Inactivating microglia through minocycline administration replicated the protective effect of microglial depletion on LPS-induced memory impairment. Furthermore, our study showed that PLX5622 treatment suppressed LPS-induced neuroinflammation, microglial activation, and synaptic dysfunction. These results strengthen the evidence for the involvement of microglial immunoactivation in LPS-induced synaptic and cognitive malfunctions. They also suggest that targeting microglia may be a potential approach to treating neuroinflammation-associated cognitive dysfunction seen in neurodegenerative diseases.
Análise da emissão de opiniões nos pareceres da auditoria interna sobre a prestação de contas nas universidades federais brasileiras segundo a IN 05/2021
Authors: Alcon Alan Novaes , Pinto Tainá Rodrigues Gomide Souza
Published: November 2024

Considerando a relevância do controle interno para a governança nas universidades federais brasileiras, o artigo aborda a emissão de opinião das unidades de auditoria interna em seus pareceres sobre a prestação de contas das universidades, à luz da Instrução Normativa nº 05/2021 da Controladoria Geral da União (CGU). Objetiva-se analisar a frequência das opiniões emitidas em quatro aspectos: aderência aos normativos, conformidade legal, elaboração de informações contábeis e alcance dos objetivos operacionais. Para tanto, procede-se a uma pesquisa quantitativa, de natureza descritiva, com análise documental dos pareceres das auditorias internas em 68 universidades federais para os exercícios de 2022 e 2023. Desse modo, observa-se que a frequência de opiniões é alta nos quesitos de conformidade e normatividade, enquanto é menor na análise de informações contábeis, especialmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Conclui-se que é necessário fortalecer as auditorias contábeis nas universidades e garantir equipes de auditoria internas capacitadas e adequadas, promovendo maior accountability e transparência na gestão pública.
Performance Evaluation of Delonix regia Sawdust as Cement Retarder in Oil and Gas Well
Authors: Akintola Sarah A. , Kolajo Tolulope , Obande Agbenu
Published: November 2024

Sawdust, a byproduct of wood exploitation and processing, poses environmental pollution risks if not managed appropriately. Its substantial carbon footprint can lead to pollution, habitat disruption, and fire hazards. However, repurposing sawdust as a chemical additive in cement slurry within the oil and gas industry offers an environmentally friendly solution. This practice aligns with sustainability goals, enhances cement slurry properties, promotes wellbore stability, and replaces more hazardous additives, thereby reducing environmental impact. This study is aimed at the production of a retarder (sodium lignin) from sawdust waste obtained from the Delonix regia species, and examining its effect on the thickening time/consistency, compressive strength, and rheological properties on the slurry of a Class G cement At a Bottom Hole Circulating Temperature (BHCT) of 90°C, thickening time tests conducted on the slurry samples revealed that as the concentration of the locally synthesized retarder increases, the thickening time of the concrete also increases, with minimal effect on compressive strength. The optimal thickening time result of 6 hours and 13 minutes was achieved with 0.5% Sodium Lignin (Retarder from Delonix regia sawdust) replacing a portion of the cement. At a bottomhole static temperature (BHST) of 100°C, increasing the concentration of the formulated sample led to higher Plastic Viscosities (PV) and yield points in the slurries. The findings indicate that slurries formulated with sodium lignin maintain viscosities within recommended values, making them suitable for pumping.
Attributes Required for Entrepreneurs of Self-Help Groups (SHGS) Involved in the Development of Microenterprises
Authors: Murugan Reshma J , Sreedaya G. S.
Published: November 2024

Under the pathetic and uneasy conditions the rural poor face, microfinance activity acts as the saviour to redeem them from the clutches of poverty and unemployment. The present study was conducted to examine the influence of entrepreneurial attributes of members of SHGs in the effectiveness of microfinance services for agro-enterprise development by the Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in Kerala. The study was conducted in ex-post facto design, in the three purposively selected districts of the three zones of Kerala, namely, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur and Malappuram. The effectiveness of microfinance services was calculated individually from the scores obtained for each respondent and the average score of members in a group constituted the effectiveness score of the group. The independent samples t-test was employed to find out the significant difference in entrepreneurial characteristics score with the effectiveness of microfinance services. Also, a correlation analysis was performed between entrepreneurial characteristics and the effectiveness of microfinance services. The correlation analysis of the entrepreneurial characteristics of the SHG members and the effectiveness of microfinance services revealed that ‘achievement motivation’, ‘innovativeness’, ‘thrift tendency’, ‘strategic visioning’ and ‘internal locus of control’ were positively and significantly correlated with the effectiveness of microfinance services at one per cent level of significance, whereas ‘economic opportunism’ was positively and significantly correlated with the effectiveness of microfinance services at five per cent level of significance. The independent samples t-test revealed that the entrepreneurial abilities of the members of SHG largely influenced the effectiveness of microfinance services for agro-enterprise development rather than other factors like the nature of agro-enterprises which was usually selected through micro screening techniques. The study necessitates a severe need of the establishment of business schools for youth to develop their entrepreneurial traits as well as better governance, especially in the agro sector.
Appealing Classroom Organization and Building Community Teaching of Teachers in Public Elementary Schools
Authors: Badolato Grace L. , Baguio Josephine B.
Published: November 2024

This study examined the relationship between appealing classroom organization and building community teaching among public elementary school teachers in Manay District, Davao Oriental, Philippines. A non-experimental quantitative research design using a correlational method was employed. A total of 135 teachers were surveyed using universal sampling. Data were analyzed using mean, Pearson-r correlation, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that teachers often manifested appealing classroom organization in terms of vision, sensitivity, needs, and risk-taking. However, they sometimes demonstrated building community teaching practices such as supportive, instructive, preventive, and responsive approaches. A significant positive correlation was found between appealing classroom organization and building community teaching. Furthermore, the domains of appealing classroom organization significantly influenced building community teaching practices. Based on these findings, it is recommended that public school teachers participate in DepEd-sponsored conferences and trainings to enhance their professional capabilities. This can contribute to improved teaching practices, better support for learners, and ultimately, higher academic achievement.
Effect of Sowing Date and Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield Attributes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown at AEZ-9 of Bangladesh
Authors: Rana Md. Sohel , Ahmed Masuma , Nasim Md Roconuzzaman , Hossain Md Maruf , Jolly Nilufer Yasmin , Shahrin Kazi Rifat , Hoque Mohammad Amdadul , Kader Md. Abdul , Hasan Ahmed Khairul
Published: November 2024

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, from November 2019 to March 2020 to assess the combined effects of sowing date and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the growth and yield of wheat cv BARI Gom-33. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications, with sowing dates in the main plots and PGRs in the sub-plots, totaling 36 plots (12 treatments × 3 replications). Results of the study revealed that sowing on 5th December with Gibberellic Acid (GA3) application increased grain yield by 25.62% over the control. This sowing date also produced 7.59% and 12.83% higher yields than early and late sowing dates, respectively. The results suggest that sowing on 5th December combined with GA3 application effectively optimizes wheat growth and yield, providing a promising approach for enhancing wheat production and supporting sustainable agriculture.
Study on Sensory Analysis of Gulabjamun Prepared by Utilization of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Pulp
Authors: Mhetre Akash , Ramod S. S. , Sawant Dwij , Gudadhe P. S. , Prasade N.N. , Kadav V. B. , Sarangkar Ajit
Published: November 2024

Present investigation was carried out at Dairy Science Laboratory of Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture, Dr. BSKKV., Dapoli (M.S.) to study the Utilization of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) pulp for the preparation of gulabjamun. In present study, Khoa prepared from buffalo milk and sweet potato pulp was used in preparation of Gulabjamun. Sweet potato pulp was used at five levels i.e., 0,5,10,15,20 whereas khoa was used at 90,85,80,75 and 70 %. Maida was added 10 % at the five-treatment combination. Studied for its sensory properties such as colour and appearance, body and texture, flavour, overall acceptability was carried out by trained panelist using 9-point hedonic scale. It was found that Gulabjamun made from utilization of sweet potato pulp at 15% was best in present investigation and it may conclude that sweet potato pulp can be successfully utilized for preparation of gulabjamun.
Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables Grown in Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Authors: Angeline Angbo Kousso Marie , Phillippe Kambou Sansan , Chantal Gauze , Cissé Massara Camara
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The presence of pesticide residues in primary and derived agricultural products raises serious health problems for consumers.
The aim of this study was to assess the level of pesticide residues in commonly consumed vegetables.
Methods: Pesticide residues were extracted from market garden products (Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum sp, Cucumis sativus and Lactuca sativa) by the QuEchERS method and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) technique.
Results: These analyzes made it possible to detect 32 pesticide residues. All market garden products contained pesticide residues, 12.82% of which exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The pesticide families found were triazines (34.34%), urea derivatives (31.25%), organophosphorus residues (9.37%), organochlorines (9.37%), triazinones (9.37%) and carbamates (6.25%).
Among the market garden products, only lettuce was contaminated by residues from all families with concentrations of pesticide residues exceeding their limits of quantification at the level of 5 molecules: Chlorpropham (0.016 mg/kg), Linuron (0.02 mg/kg), Chlorfenvinphos (0.026 mg/kg) Parathion-ethyl (0.014) and Metolachlor (0.013 mg/kg) which is an organochlorine pesticide.
Organochlorines are among the prohibited pesticides. Among agrochemicals used, some were not approved.
Conclusion: The results indicate the presence of pesticide residues in commonly consumed vegetables and highlight the urgent need to develop comprehensive intervention measures to reduce the potential health risk to consumers.
The need for regular monitoring of pesticide residues and raising farmers' awareness of better pesticide safety practices are actions to be taken for the health of consumers.
Effect of Organic Manures and Biofertilizers on Crop Phenology, Growth Parameters and Yield of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Kalson Anjali , Qazizadah Nasir Ahmad , P.V Pavitra , Qane Khatera , Ravi
Published: November 2024

To assess the fertility level of organic nutrient management practices and biofertilizers on phenology studies, growth parameters and yields of mung bean the present study was carried out during summer season of 2024 at Research Farm, School of Agriculture, OM Sterling Global University, Hisar. Seven treatment combinations comprising organic manures and bio fertilizer were tested in randomized block design in three replications. The results revealed that the phenology studies viz., days taken to emergence (6.67), flowering (43.67), pod initiation (52.00) and maturity (65.67), growth parameters viz., plant height (21.07; 48.82; 58.67; 59.00 cm), dry matter accumulation (4.93; 13.83; 19.32; 21.41 g) root shoot ratio on the length (0.58; 0.65; 0.70; 0.75), root shoot ratio on the weight basis (0.29; 0.35; 0.35; 0.36) and number of branches per plant (3.67; 5.00; 5.67; 5.83) at 30, 45, 60 and at harvest stages, respectively and seed yield (1,197 kg ha-1) were significantly higher in the treatment of Jeevamrutha@ 3000 l ha-1 through three splits at sowing, 30 and 45 DAS + Rhizobium +PSB. Whereas, significantly minimum for all above parameters were recorded under control.
Effect of Two Biofertilisers Based on Endophytic Fungi on Fall Armyworm Infestations in Maize Production in the Kara Region of Togo, West Africa
Authors: Kpanegue Essossiname , Tchabi Atti , Sourassou Nazer Famah , Kombieni Emmanuel , Tchanssanti Latifou , Gmakouba Tighankoumi
Published: November 2024

Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of two biofertilisers based on endophytic fungi on infestation rates, foliar damage and maize yield losses caused by the armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a worst maize pest.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three types of treatments.
Place and Duration of Study: Agronomic Experimentation Station of Tchitchao, Kara (Togo), between October 2019 and March 2020.
Methodology: A complete randomized block design was used with three types of treatments: (i) maize seeds inoculated with Glomus sp. strain 142, (ii) maize seeds inoculated with Mycotri, (iii) maize seedlings fertilized with NPK and urea and finally (iv) a control consisting of seeds and/or seedlings of maize neither fertilized nor inoculated.             
Results: The results show that the plots treated with endophytic fungi recorded significantly lower infestation rates compared with the fertiliser treatments and the control. The highest infestation rates were 54% at 38 days after sowing (DAS) and 45% at 31 DAS for treatments with 5.35 x 105 spores/ha Glomus sp. and 0.38 kg/ha Mycotri, respectively, compared with 78% at 31 DAS and 62% at 38 DAS for fertiliser treatments and the control. The highest level of leaf damage, 2.92, was observed at 33 DAS on the plots fertilised with fertiliser, compared with scores of 2.53 and 2.38 for the plots mycorrhised with Glomus sp. and Mycotri, respectively. Yields were significantly higher in the fertilised plots (3.87 t/ha), followed by the mycorrhised plots (2.62-3.01 t/ha) and the control (1.73 t/ha).
Conclusion: The endophytic fungi enabled the plants to tolerate fall armyworms attacks better than the controls, offering an alternative to chemical fertilisers and an effective option for managing soil fertility and controlling Spodoptera frugiperda.
The Impact of Biotechnology in Shaping the Modern Agriculture
Authors: Sinha Tushar , Sharma Arusha , Das Apurba , Kumar Anil , Rahman Tanvi , Panotra Narinder , Anbarasan S.
Published: November 2024

Advances in biotechnology have created new opportunities for food diversity in terms of both quantity and quality, as well as for collecting food in proportion to the world's expanding population and ensuring food security. With the advancement of molecular biology, DNA sequencing, and recombinant DNA in the middle of the 20th century, modern-day advancement of molecular breeding gave rise to genetic engineering and recombinent DNA techniques that are today frequently connected to biotechnology. This expansion has been facilitated by a variety of fields, including genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology. The use of genetic engineering in agriculture has grown due to its ability to precisely create and insert a gene from any living organism. Molecular markers are also utilized to identify disease and pest resistance in order to increase agricultural output using traditional techniques. Genetic engineering plays a crucial role in agriculture, representing the scientific and technical advancement of traditional methods for crop enhancement. Recombinant DNA technology, RNA interference, and CRISPR genomic editing are some of the instruments and methods used in genetic engineering. The emergence of biotechnological innovations aimed at improving the nutritional composition of individual foods has led to the growing problem of a malnourished world population, where a growing number of people rely on large regions of the world for food used as the only source of protein, carbohydrates, fats and several essential minerals and vitamins, in addition to being a source of energy.
The Potential of Drug Repurposing as a Rapid Response Strategy in COVID-19 Therapeutics
Authors: Saini Govind , Abhishek  , Kumar Inder , Verma Kapil Kumar
Published: November 2024

Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy in the rapid development of effective therapeutics for COVID-19. This approach leverages existing medications, previously approved for other indications, to target the pathophysiological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several drugs were tested during the COVID-19 pandemic, developed originally for other purposes and under less-than-ideal conditions. Some of the most well-known include remdesivir, an Ebola drug approved by the FDA for emergency use to treat COVID-19, and dexamethasone, a corticosteroid that reduces death associated with severe infection through immunomodulation. However, while hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin, among others, showed very meager or no benefit, it is clear that such early promise must be subjected to firm testing. Despite such promises, drug repurposing may face several inconsistent clinical outcomes, questions over safety, and the inability to address all forms of COVID-19 pathology. Key candidates identified through high-throughput screening and computational methods include antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and those targeting host cell pathways critical for viral replication. This review discusses the efficacy and mechanisms of these repurposed drugs, highlights ongoing clinical trials, and addresses challenges such as resistance and optimal dosing. Ultimately, drug repurposing represents a crucial component of the multi-faceted response required to combat the COVID-19 pandemic effectively.
Pulses in India: Comprehensive Analysis of Production, Challenges, and Strategic Vision for 2030
Authors: Agarwal Divya , Devra Sneh. J. , R. Raj Siddharajsinh
Published: November 2024

Despite of immense growth of Indian agriculture, food and nutritional security is still a challenge due to biasedness towards wheat and rice. As production of pulses in the recent decade has not increased in pace with the increase in population. Pulses are a major source of protein in Indian diet and also environment friendly. Therefore, the increase in pulse production will act as an accelerator for nutritional security. This study analyses the nutritional value of pulses, status of pulses economy in India comprising of import, export and consumption status as well as a strategic vision for 2030 towards promotion of pulses in the country. Pulses form one of the most important group of crops in India, which is also responsible for yielding large financial gains by amounting to a large part of the exports. Of all categories of people, pulses form an integral part of the Indian diet, providing much-needed protein to the carbohydrate-rich diet. For farmers, pulses are an important crop because they can both sell them and consume them, which helps farmers maintain household food security and creates economic stability. Being leguminous crops, they help in restoring soil fertility by utilising nitrogen from the air (nitrogen fixation). Therefore, pulses are mostly grown in rotation with other crops. They need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions. India is the largest producer as well as consumer of pulses in the world. The top pulse-producing states in India are Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka, collectively contribute significantly to the country’s pulse output, yet current production fails to meet domestic demand, leading to imports. The common pulses across globe are black gram, green gram, horse gram, peas, cow peas, pigeon peas, lentils and chick peas. A long-term vision is required for pulses in India because of various aspects like lower yield compared to global average, wide gap between demand and supply, rapid population growth and nutritional as well as environmental value. In this article the challenges and constraints in achieving projected demand of pulses and government policy support for achieving this projected demand have been discussed, addressing the complex dynamics of pulses economy in India.
Overview of Food Adulteration: Its Definition, Causes, Impacts, and Detection
Authors: Pririti  , Sharma Keshav , Kaushal Shilpa , Shubham  , Rajput Reshu
Published: November 2024

A tampered food, Food is any substance made up of carbohydrates, water, fats, and proteins that is consumed by humans and other animals to survive. It holds great significance for us. Nonetheless, it is not uncommon for food products to be tampered with, and dangerous situations can arise from poorly managed supply chains that handle perishable goods. Economic Customers who purchase and serve food are impacted in numerous ways; they might not receive the nutrients they are supposed to, contaminated food may be harmful to their health, and they might also suffer financial losses. So, every responsible individual, organization, and government should complete their role to protect the act of food adulteration and to reveal the recognized acts. Furthermore, there are numerous gaps in the literature that need to be filled by academics and researchers working in various research institutes. These gaps include the assessment of the situation, the identification of foods that are vulnerable to adulteration in the national context, the development and validation of detection methods, and much more. adulteration has long plagued the food business, negatively impacting both food quality and public health. The process of altering food by adding undesirable or dangerous components lowers its safety and quality, a practice known as food adulteration. Inadequate handling of this issue has led to the production of contaminated and dangerous food products, which has raised concerns throughout history. Food adulteration can harm our health and often does so without our knowledge. By addressing these issues, we may proactively work to create a better society. Food adulteration can involve adding, taking away, or replacing expensive food ingredients with less expensive (cheaper) ones in order to get unfair financial advantage. The manufacturer may profit financially from this act of food fraud, but the eventual consumers of the goods suffer losses. A variety of approaches, such as physical, chemical, biological, and other methods, are used to detect food adulteration. However, detecting adulterants can be hard when the adulterants closely mirror the food’s physiochemical properties. The right of consumers to safe and high-quality food is undermined by adulteration, hence it is imperative that people, groups, and governments take action to stop these practices.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Causes of Secondary Glaucomas at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre
Authors: Kavya.C.M.  , Anitha.S.Maiya.  , Manasaveena.N.T
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Secondary glaucomas(SG) are defined by the presence of elevated intra ocular pressure (IOP) with/without optic neuropathy changes, associated with some primary ocular/systemic disease resulting in severe visual impairment.
Objective: To determine the causes of secondary glaucomas in a tertiary eye care centre.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out in medical college hospital over a period of 2 years on 52 patients of either gender, aged < 70 years who presented with IOP >21mmHg, excluding primary open angle/angle closure and congenital glaucoma cases underwent detailed ophthalmic examination (glaucoma evaluation) and the collected data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: In our study the majority of cases (51.9%) were in the age group of 60 – 70 years, with a slight female preponderance i.e male to female ratio of 2:3. Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma was the most common cause of SG seen in 15 (28%) cases followed by 7(13%) cases of SG in post cataract surgery and 7 (13%) cases of SG in post vitreo retinal surgery. The least common causes were Irido corneal endothelial syndrome, SG due to elevated episcleral venous pressure.
Conclusion: Our study concluded as the most common cause of SG was Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. SG is a significant public health disease, commonly seen in elderly population having a potential to cause severe visual impairment & blindness. Hence early detection & prompt treatment plays a vital role
Effect Of Consumer Education By Consumer Federation Of Kenya On Consumer Protection In Commercial Banks Of Kenya
Authors: Muraru Irene
Published: November 2024

Background: In many jurisdictions, consumer protection law has not been enacted despite the financial services industry's development. This means that in order to boost client confidence and promote the adoption of innovative products, financial services clients must have access to fundamental protections. The prevalence of uninformed customers who rely on financial institutions for their information has led to a rise in the misuse of consumer confidence. Abuse by banks and its marketers, such as imposing exorbitant charges on clients' accounts without providing formal advice, is becoming more widespread. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the measures taken by the Consumer Federation of Kenya to ensure adequate access to information by Kenyan commercial banks customers in an effort to ensure their protection. approach was taken to get in touch with the COFEK staff. Methodology: Questionnaires were utilized in the study to collect data. Both inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Version 22 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed. Frequency tables, percentages, and relevant statistical descriptions were used to display the data. Results: Most of the respondents were fairly aware of the consumer education activities carried out by the protection agency in commercial banks. Consumer education had a significant coefficient (p-value = 0.0001; β = 0.469) according to the data analysis. Consumer education is statistically significant in ensuring consumer protection. Conclusion: COFEK should enhance the sensitization programs put in place for clients with a view of making them more informed. Public drives to raise the awareness levels should be carried out.
Reloading Civil Disobedience In India - A Gandhian Legacy
Authors: P. G Dr. Ajith. , M Ms. Binsi.
Published: November 2024

There are many factors which shape people’s compliance with laws. Through various studies it was established that the major factors shaping compliance with laws are morality, social pressure, deterrence and legitimacy. In different societies the factor shaping compliance with laws may vary. Early societies largely depend on morality and social pressure for compliance, whereas state centric societies depend on deterrence and modern Democratic Republican societies depend on legitimacy. In India, however, deterrence remains the dominant factor shaping compliance with laws despite India's long-standing democratic republican system. The people in India are often hesitant to follow their own government’s laws. The Gandhian legacy of freedom struggle, particularly the civil disobedience and non-cooperation movement might have legitimized civil disobedience. The civil disobedience movement later suppressed voluntary compliance with laws. This reflects a culture of lack of voluntary compliance with laws among the Indian people. This may be the reason why the state has to rely more on deterrence than legitimacy. If legitimacy shapes compliance with laws then people would have practiced voluntary compliance with laws
Burnout Syndrome In Military Personnel: Risk Factors And Professional Impacts
Authors: Silva Késia Chaves Da , Silva Bruno Costa , Moura Ivone Pereira Da Silva , Souza Hugo Alberto Neves De , Azevedo Marcos Paulo Garcia De
Published: November 2024

Background: Burnout Syndrome (BS) has become a frequent psychological concern in daily life. It is believed to be an emotional disorder that affects individuals’ personal lives, prompting them to question their responsibility and personality within the work context. Objective: his study aimed to analyze the relationship between age and burnout levels across the domains of professional achievement, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization in military personnel. Materials and Methods: The methodology was based on a quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, using questionnaires and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to identify factors associated with the onset of Burnout Syndrome. Results: The study revealed a positive relationship between age and burnout, showing that older individuals displayed lower levels of depersonalization, while emotional exhaustion did not significantly vary with age. Regarding professional performance, the results indicated that the variable "sedentary lifestyle" showed a significant difference: non-sedentary individuals had higher averages in professional achievement. Additionally, emotional exhaustion was significantly higher in individuals with interpersonal and professional conflicts. Statistical analysis revealed that 10.4% of participants scored high in all burnout domains, confirming a concerning prevalence of the syndrome among military personnel. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of addressing burnout syndrome in the military, highlighting that factors such as a sedentary lifestyle and interpersonal conflicts are associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization
Exploring The Impact Of Machine Learning On Financial Markets: Opportunities, Risks, And Regulatory Challenges
Authors: Anyango Wicliffe Otieno , Gichaiya Mark Waita
Published: November 2024

The increasing use of machine learning in finance is creating the potential to transform the financial industry, offering opportunities for improved risk management, fraud detection, trading strategies, and customer experience. However, there are also significant risks associated with the use of machine learning in financial markets, including data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the potential for unintended consequences or "black swan" events. Additionally, there are regulatory challenges in ensuring that the use of AI in finance complies with existing laws and regulations, as well as developing new rules and standards as needed to address emerging issues. This study involved a comprehensive analysis of financial market indices, namely the S&P 500, NASDAQ Composite, and FTSE 100. These indices were chosen as representative benchmarks for the U.S. and UK financial markets. Historical data for these indices was collected and examined, covering a period of five years to capture a significant timeframe for analysis. The research findings indicate several key implications of machine learning for financial markets: The application of machine learning algorithms has the potential to enhance market efficiency by processing vast amounts of data, identifying patterns, and generating insights in real-time; contribute to better risk management strategies by providing advanced risk models and early warning systems; and development of sophisticated trading strategies by analyzing market data, identifying trends, and generating trading signals. However, the findings also underscore the importance of addressing regulatory challenges. The adoption of machine learning in financial markets presents regulatory challenges that require careful consideration. Regulators need to address issues related to algorithmic bias, data privacy, model interpretability, and system stability to ensure the fair and safe implementation of machine learning techniques in finance. This study highlights the significant impact of machine learning on financial markets, showcasing its potential for improving market efficiency, enhancing risk management practices, and generating alpha through advanced trading strategies. By leveraging financial market indices as benchmarks, this research provides valuable insights into the opportunities, risks, and regulatory considerations associated with the adoption of machine learning in financial markets
Impacto Da Central De Material E Esterilização Na Redução De Infecções Hospitalares: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Pereira Keverson Resende , Oliveira Wendell Emanoel Marques De , Costa Ismael Carlos Da , Silva Carlos Eduardo Rodrigues Justino , Santo Ilana Maria Brasil Do Espírito
Published: November 2024

A Central de Material e Esterilização (CME) é crucial na prevenção de infecções hospitalares, desempenhando um papel significativo na segurança do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o impacto da CME na redução das infecções hospitalares. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que permite reunir e avaliar informações relevantes sobre a atuação da CME, contribuindo para uma compreensão mais ampla do tema. A pesquisa foi realizada em novembro de 2024, utilizando bases de dados como Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed. Os descritores utilizados foram “Central de Material e Esterilização” e “Infecção Hospitalar”, aplicando operadores booleanos como AND. Inicialmente, foram identificados 94 estudos; após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 10 artigos foram selecionados para análise qualitativa. Os resultados revelaram que a CME tem um impacto positivo na prevenção de infecções hospitalares. A análise dos artigos selecionados mostra que as práticas de esterilização adequadas são fundamentais para evitar a contaminação cruzada e a disseminação de microrganismos multirresistentes. A pesquisa destaca a importância da padronização dos processos e da adoção de tecnologias inovadoras para melhorar a eficácia das intervenções. Conclui-se que a implementação eficaz da CME é essencial para a segurança do paciente em ambientes hospitalares. Recomenda-se que futuras pesquisas continuem a explorar este tema, focando na melhoria contínua dos processos de esterilização e na capacitação dos profissionais envolvidos para garantir uma assistência mais segura e eficaz
Agile Methodologies In The Automotive Industry: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: M Savitha , Cholli Dr. Nagaraj G
Published: November 2024

The automotive industry is undergoing a major transformation driven by trends such as autonomous driving, connectivity, electrification, and rapid digitalization. This results in embracing agile software development practices and new digital architectures to accelerate development cycles and manage increasing complexity. This paper discusses the insights on the agile methodologies into automotive software procedures, extending agility beyond software units , integrating agile with product lines, addressing security concerns, and constructing advanced digital platforms for automotive systems also assessment models like ASPLA (Agile Software Product Line Adoption) for agile adoption in software product lines, and future research directions towards realizing the vision of intelligent, self-driving, connected vehicles through continuous evolutions in agile-based development processes, digital architectures complying with quality standards, cross-domain collaborations, and empirical validations
Physical And Chemical Characterization Of Substrates Formed By Different Source Material
Authors: Pagliarini Maximiliano Kawahata , Ribeiro Fabio da Silva , Alves Jerusa Cariaga , Cassulino Luis Fabiano Arantes , Correia Murilo Henrique Silva
Published: November 2024

Background: The search for the ideal substrate that does not burden the production system is the key to discovering different components that, together, may have all the physical and chemical characteristics suitable for full plants development. Therefore, it is essential to find cheap, local alternatives and, at the same time, dispose of materials with high pollutant potential, such as agro-industrial waste. The present study aimed to characterize the physical and chemical characteristics of substrates formed by different materials of different origin and quantities. Materials and Methods: The experiment was developed at the Experimental Farm Laboratory of the Federal University of Grande Dourados, in a completely randomized design, with four substrates (treatments) and five replicates. All substrates were formed by the same quantities of sugarcane ash (20%), coarse sand (10%) and swine biological sludge (10%). Substrate A was formed by 30% sugarcane bagasse, 10% vermiculite, 10% sugarcane filter cake and 10% chicken litter; substrate B was formed by 20% sugarcane bagasse, 20% sugarcane filter cake and 20% chicken litter; substrate C was formed by 10% vermiculite, 10% sugarcane filter cake, 10% chicken litter and 30% sugarcane straw; finally, substrate D was formed by 20% sugarcane filter cake, 20% chicken litter and 20% sugarcane straw. The characteristics evaluated were: current moisture content, wet density, dry density, water retention capacity at 10 cm, total porosity, aeration space, available water, particle size, percentage of moisture loss, pH and electrical conductivity. Results: Substrates A and B may be indicated for use in pots measuring 20 to 30 cm in height, depending on the dry density, while substrates C and D may be used in pots larger than 30 cm. Total porosity and available water of all substrates presented values considered ideal. Conclusion: The values indicated in the theoretical reference of the literature indicate the substrates as nonadequate due to the high pH value, however, this indication may be reassessed depending on the species of plant that will be cultivated, while the electrical conductivity is in the range considered ideal for cultivation.
Ternary Elements In Nanotechnology
Authors: Monticeli Samuel Lamarão Alves , Santos Judes Gonçalves Dos , Martins Alessandro , Bezerra Mauro Guilherme Ferreira , Silva Laffert Gomes Ferreira , Rodrigues Laercio Carmo , Souza Fabrico Araújo , Alves Daniela Monticeli
Published: November 2024

The research performs a comprehensive review of the literature on ternary elements in nanotechnology, contextualizing the current scenario of scientific advances in this field. The general objective is to deepen the understanding of the properties, synthesis methods and applications of these nanostructured systems. The adopted methodology consists of a literature review, exploring sources in the SCIELO, Google Scholar and CAPES databases over the last 10 years, both in Portuguese and English. The analysis of the results obtained seeks to identify trends, significant advances and gaps in knowledge, contributing to the current state of knowledge on ternary elements in nanotechnology
Herbal Extracts Exhibit Anti-Epilepsy Properties
Authors: Opiyo Sylvia Awino
Published: November 2024

Epilepsy refers to a group of persistent neurological illnesses characterized by seizures. It is a chronic brain disease that affects 50 million people in the world, being one of the most common neurological disorders. Developing countries account for over 90% of all epilepsy patients. Epileptic seizures are caused by aberrant, excessive, or hyper synchronized neuronal activity in the brain. The cause of most epileptic seizures is unknown. However, some people develop epilepsy as a result of a brain injury, stroke, brain tumor, or drug and alcohol abuse. Anti-seizure drugs remain the mainstay in the treatment of epilepsy and about 70% of epileptics become seizure-free when antiseizure medications are taken effectively. However, some of these medications have significant pharmacological interactions and undesirable side effects. Traditional utilization of plants extracts for treatment of epilepsy is widely practiced. Many plants extracts and herbal formulations have been studied to determine their efficacy in treatment of epilepsy. This paper presents a review on herbal extracts that have shown antiepileptic activity in animal models published in the last ten years (between 2014 and 2024). The study found that plant extracts from some 138 plant species belonging to 54 different plant families were evaluated for antiepileptic efficacy. The most studied plants belong to the Asteraceae family (19%) followed by Fabaceae (9%), Apiaceae (8%), Lamiaceae (8%), Apocynaceae (7%), Cucurbitaceae (3%), Euphorbiaceae (3%) and Rutaceae (3%). In most cases, the studies focused only on the crude extracts without any attempts to identify the antiepileptic compounds from the plants. The most commonly used model in the antiepileptic assays were found to be pentylenetetrazole and maximal electroshock models. The findings from this study confirm that plant extracts have significant efficacy that needs to be explored for antiepileptic formulation and drugs development. It is also necessary to perform bioassay guided phytochemical evaluation to isolate and characterize the antiepileptic principles.
Crosstalk between Autophagy and Nanomaterials: Internalization, Activation, Termination
Authors: Wei Fujing , Duan Yixiang
Published: November 2018

Nanomaterials (NMs) are comprehensively applied in biomedicine due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Autophagy, as an evolutionarily conserved cellular quality control process, is closely associated with the effect of NMs on cells. In this review, the recent advances in NM‐induced/inhibited autophagy (NM‐phagy) are summarized, with an aim to present a comprehensive description of the mechanisms of NM‐phagy from the perspective of internalization, activation, and termination, thereby bridging autophagy and nanomaterials. Several possible mechanisms are extensively reviewed including the endocytosis pathway of NMs and the related cross components (clathrin and adaptor protein 2 (AP‐2), adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6), Rab, UV radiation resistance associated gene (UVRAG)), three main stress mechanisms (oxidative stress, damaged organelles stress, and toxicity stress), and several signal pathway–related molecules. The mechanistic insight is beneficial to understand the autophagic response to NMs or NMs' regulation of autophagy. The challenges currently encountered and research trend in the field of NM‐phagy are also highlighted. It is hoped that the NM‐phagy discussion in this review with the focus on the mechanistic aspects may serve as a guideline for future research in this field.
Novel 2D Nanosheets with Potential Applications in Heavy Metal Purification: A Review
Authors: Fu Liangjie , Yan Zhaoli , Zhao Qihang , Yang Huaming
Published: November 2018

Over the past decades, extensive studies have been carried out for the design of advanced materials for water purification. Heavy metal pollution in water is a serious global environmental problem due to their toxicity and carcinogenicity. With the discovery of graphene, novel 2D nanosheets, derived from the wide variety of traditional materials, have emerged as some of the most promising candidates for heavy metal purification. This review summarizes the recent progress on the novel 2D nanosheets with their applications in heavy metal purification. First, the authors introduce the unique advances on 2D nanomaterials, followed by the description of their composition and crystal structures. Some novel 2D nanosheets with great success in heavy metal purification field are then summarized, including insights on their advantages over traditional materials and limitations in practical applications, along with some advances in interfacial structure modifications for future work. The functional design of more and more novel 2D interfacial materials with unique properties is still demanding for future industrial applications.
Tunable Infrared Devices via Ferroelectric Domain Reconfiguration
Authors: Beechem Thomas E. , Goldflam Michael D. , Sinclair Michael B. , Peters David W. , McDonald Anthony E. , Paisley Elizabeth A. , Kitahara Andrew R. , Drury Daniel E. , Burckel D. Bruce , Finnegan Patrick S. , Kim Jong‐Woo , Choi Yongseong , Ryan Philip J. , Ihlefeld Jon F.
Published: November 2018

Despite widespread use in sensing, electro‐optics, and catalysis, plasmonic elements are typically static in their spectral response. The subwavelength spatial confinement and enhanced electric fields intrinsic to plasmons provide a lever to realize dynamic spectral tunability—and thus multifunctional optical components—as small alterations in their dielectric environment are amplified by these effects. Here, electric‐field (DC) control of phonon modes is leveraged in lead zirconate titante (PZT) ferroelectric bilayers to create tunable long‐wave infrared (LWIR) plasmonic devices that demonstrate a combination of advantages—speed (>10 kHz), latching, and low‐power switching (<1 µJ mm−2)—unavailable together in approaches reported heretofore. Mechanistically, bias‐induced domain reconfiguration alters the phonon energies defining PZT's optical permittivity, which determines the gap plasmon formed within the ferroelectric resting between patterned metal contacts. The utility of ferroelectrics for tunable plasmonic devices is thus demonstrated while highlighting the promise of leveraging phonons for these purposes.
C−I‐Selective Cross‐Coupling Enabled by a Cationic Palladium Trimer
Authors: Diehl Claudia J. , Scattolin Thomas , Englert Ulli , Schoenebeck Franziska
Published: November 2018

While there is a growing interest in harnessing synergistic effects of more than one metal in catalysis, relatively little is known beyond bimetallic systems. This report describes the straightforward access to an air‐stable Pd trimer and presents unambiguous reactivity data of its privileged capability to differentiate C−I over C−Br bonds in C−C bond formations (arylation and alkylation) of polyhalogenated arenes, which typical Pd0 and PdI‐PdI catalysts fail to deliver. Experimental and computational reactivity data, including the first location of a transition state for bond activation by the trimer, are presented, supporting direct trimer reactivity to be feasible.