bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing Price Competitiveness through Efficient Use of Materials with Upcycle and Patchwork Techniques in the Clothing Production Process
Authors: Wahyuningsih Urip , Yulistiana Yulistiana , Suhartini Ratna , Indarti Indiarti , Prihartina Yuhri
Published: July 2023

Consumers in choosing clothing products are increasingly considering many things, including models that are up to date with a touch of new technology, good quality but at competitive prices on equivalent products. This condition needs to be observed by a fashion entrepreneur, especially with regard to the issue of how to produce clothing at competitive prices (relatively cheaper for equivalent quality) without compromising on quality and with innovative models. Waste from the fashion production process, especially patchwork, can be utilized so that it can become a new product (and at the same time present innovation) and can bring profits. In this way, the use of raw materials for the main product (clothing) is more efficient, and this will also have an effect on reducing production costs. This analytical presentation is emphasized on the problem of how to make the price of fashion products more competitive without abandoning quality requirements and with up to date models. In addition, it also presents an illustration of how to make fashion products using efficient raw materials, namely by utilizing waste clothing products for product innovation (upcycle). These products are in the form of accessories or complementary clothing and household accessories which are done using patchwork techniques.
New Generation Leadership in Shaping EU Foreign Policy in the Face of the Crisis in Ukraine and the Annexation of Crimea
Authors: Kuryłowicz Mariusz , Rogozińska-Mitrut Joanna
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes how Germany, particularly through the Ukrainian crisis that began in 2014, has been placed at the decision-making center of the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), thus becoming the de facto chief architect after Poland of the EU’s response to Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine. The article highlights the internal and external implications of this role, including in other policy areas in particular with regard to the Baltic States. To do so, we must first take a closer look at the principles of German foreign policy and the specific nature of German-Russian relations.
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant potential of Anisomeles indica Kuntze and exploration of its bioactive phytoconstituents
Authors: T. Manjunatha , Vadlapudi Kumar , H.M. Prathap , D.V. Poornima , F Ruksana , E Vishala , M Savitharani , CM Anuradha
Published: July 2023

Introduction and Aim: Anisomeles indica Kuntze (A. indica) is employed to treat a wide range of illnesses. The Present study was aimed at establishing preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Visible spectrophotometric, FT-IR analysis, and evaluation of biological activities of A. indica extracts.

 

Materials and Methods: A. indica leaves were employed for the Soxhlet extraction. Furthermore, the crude extracts were utilized for phytochemical analysis and quantitative estimations of phenolics and flavonoids. UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR analysis provided further evidence for the existence of bioactive constituents in A. indica extracts. The A. indica extracts were assessed for antioxidant potential by DPPH and metal chelation activity.

 

Results: The findings illustrated that A. indica methanol extract was found to possess the highest yield. The preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR fingerprint analysis provided evidence for the existence of significant bioactive constituents. A.indica methanol extract has significant total phenol, flavonoid content, and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) among all extracts. These characteristics are attributed to substantial antioxidant activity and metal-chelating activity.

 

Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that A. indica extract possess antioxidant activity as evaluated by the potential DPPH radical scavenging and chelate metal ions. These characteristics are interconnected to the high flavonoid and phenol content, and distinctive secondary metabolites. The finding indicates that A.indica is abundant in active phytoconstituents, which also offer a vital source for effective therapeutic management.
Empreendedorismo rural feminino: mulheres na olivicultura da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Da Rosa Alessandra Bandeira , Maehler Alisson Eduardo , Menezes Gabrielito Rauter
Published: July 2023

O empreendedorismo feminino tem crescido em importância no Brasil e no mundo. Cada vez mais as mulheres assumem postos de liderança em empresas e abrem novos negócios. Na agricultura isso não é diferente. Contudo, são poucos os estudos sobre empreendedorismo feminino no agronegócio, em especial no cultivo de oliveiras. Assim, o presente artigo busca entender como atuam e quais oportunidades e barreiras das mulheres empreendedoras na olivicultura no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil. Através de uma abordagem qualitativa com método estudo de casos múltiplos, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com empreendedoras no cultivo de oliveiras em pequenas e grandes propriedades rurais no Brasil. Como principais resultados encontramos mulheres motivadas com a produção do seu produto, com alta escolaridade, que buscam conciliar família e trabalho e que não têm essa atividade como principal fonte de renda, mas encontram como barreiras o machismo, estradas precárias e baixa infraestrutura. Esta pesquisa teve como limitação a impossibilidade de visitar as propriedades por conta da pandemia e um número pequeno de mulheres empreendedoras entrevistadas. Como sugestões para trabalhos futuros, sugerimos aprofundar as barreiras ao empreendedorismo feminino, analisar outras culturas agrícolas e investigar quais outras atividades que as empreendedoras femininas estão inseridas. As implicações práticas se referem a políticas públicas que podem ser desenhadas especificamente para o público feminino, capacitando-as para a melhor gestão dos seus negócios, bem como políticas públicas de combate ao machismo e melhoria da infraestrutura rural.
Analysis of intrinsic elements of poetry for class IV students of SDIT Insan Karima Cigombong
Authors: Qurotu'ain Salsabila
Published: July 2023

Background:  Poetry is results work literature, which arises from expression feelings and thought, and arises in situation certain. Thing this seen in statement that nothing, rhythm, and pressure play role important in poetry, language imaginative and choice say (vocabulary) arranged by bait, which is total CLASSIFIED in each table, and so on. Poetry is of course not a simple work of art, but a very complex organism. Poetry is created with different linguistic and aesthetic elements. Poetry is also an important record and interpretation of human experience and is written in the most memorable form. There are two main elements in building a poem, namely intrinsic and extrinsic elements.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine students' ability to compose poetry based on the intrinsic elements of class VI SDIT Insan Karima.

Design and methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative approach. The method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were documents made by students, totaling 17 poems. The data collection tool used by the researcher was a document written by a class IV student at SDIT Insan Karima and filling in the rubric carried out by the researcher was based on the theory of Saefu Zaman

Results: The results of this study are that out of 17 student works, almost 100% of the poems made are in accordance with the intrinsic elements requested, but the need for further guidance to students in managing vocabulary that will be poured into these poems.
Constructed wetlands operated as bioelectrochemical systems for improvement and control of wastewater treatment
Authors:   , Hartl Marco
Published: July 2023

The objective of this work was the improvement and control of wastewater treatment using constructed wetlands operated as Microbial Fuel Cells (CW-MFCs) and Microbial Electrolysis Cells (CW-MECs). For this purpose, eight meso-scale experimental systems were constructed. The first experiment investigated the use of CW-MFC as a bioindicator, showing that it could be used as a qualitative alarm tool for sudden COD increases. The following three experiments investigated the removal of conventional contaminants as well as organic micropollutants (OMPs) using duplicates of CW-MEC, closed-circuit CW-MFC, open-circuit CW-MFC and conventional CW-control. Results showed that CW-MEC and CW-MFC+ increased the removal of COD (7-13%) and ammonium (18-22%) when compared to the control systems. Regarding OMPs, carbamazepine, diclofenac and naproxen removal was increased by 10-17% in CW-MFC+ and CW-MEC when compared to the control, while ibuprofen removal was similar amongst treatments. Additionally, a microbial activity analysis showed that activity was 4-34% higher in CW-MFC+ as compared to CW-control, and a microbial community analysis indicated that anode and cathode communities in CW-MEC were significantly different tq other treatments, seemingly due to the effects of electrolysis. In CW-MFC+ only cathode communities were different. probably due to sampling issues at the anodes.

El objetivo de esta tesis es la mejora de la eficiencia y control del tratamiento de aguas residuales mediante humedales construidos operados como sistemas bioelectroquímicos (CW-BES), tanto en su configuración de celdas microbianas de combustible (CW-MFC) como en configuración de celdas microbianas electrolíticas (CW-MEC). Para este propósito, ocho CW-BES a escala experimental de mesocosmo fueron construidos. Durante el primer experimento se investigó el uso de CW-BES operados como celdas CW-MFC como herramienta de bioindicación de la carga orgánica. En los subsiguientes experimentos se abordó el estudio de la mejora del tratamiento de contaminantes convencionales y microcontaminantes mediante la operación de CW-BES y CW-MFC y se comparó con la eliminación de los mismos con sistemas de humedales control (CW-Control). Los resultados mostraron que los CW-MEC y los CW-MFC incrementaban la eficiencia de tratamiento entre un 7-13% y entre el 18-22% respectivamente a la eliminación de la materia orgánica y el amonio. En relación a la eliminación de microcontaminantes, la eliminación de carbamacepina, diclofenaco y naproxeno mejoró entre un 1 O y un 17% en los CW-BES comparado con los sistemas control, mientras que la eliminación de ibuprofeno no mostró diferencias. El estudio de la actividad microbiana en los sistemas experimentales mostró que ésta aumenta entre un 4 y un 34% en los CW-BES. El estudio de las comunidades microbianas en los sistemas experimentales mostró diferencias significativas tanto en zona anódica como catódica de los CW-BES, comparado con los sistemas experimentales control.
Edge housing : el projecte residencial de vora : Urbanística 4 matí ETSAB 2018-2021
Authors: Galindo González Julián , Clua Uceda Álvaro , Bayona Mas Marta , Crosas Armengol Carles , Perea Solano Miguel Jorge , Bellmunt Chiva Jorge , Aquilué Junyent Inés , García García Miriam , Mas Ibáñez Sara , Mòdol Deltell Dani
Published: July 2023

La creixent preocupació per la sostenibilitat dels àmbits metropolitans està portant a reconèixer el valor dels espais de vora urbana com a franges de singular rellevància per poder generar sinergies entre la ciutat i la matriu biofísica que la sosté i envolta. Aquest llibre recull el resultat de les últimes edicions dels cursos d’Urbanística IV (ETSAB. Grau en Arquitectura, 2018-2021), en què s’han explorat les oportunitats d’aquests àmbits de vora des del projecte residencial.

Growing concern for the sustainability of metropolitan areas is leading to recognition of the value of urban edge spaces as issues of singular relevance. These fringe spaces could generate synergies between the city and the biophysical matrix that supports and surrounds it. This book contains the results of the last editions of Urban Design IV courses (ETSAB, Architecture Degree Studies, 2018–2021), focusing on the opportunities of these urban edges for the residential project.
The Impact of Infrastructure Escalation on Services and Economic Growth in Southern East Java
Authors: Wibowo Angga Trie Sugiarto , Handoko V. Rudy , Rochim Achluddin Ibnu
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth as well as to determine the impact of increased infrastructure on services and economic growth. The results showed that efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth one of them is the realization of the construction of the Southern Cross Line (JLS). JLS is included in one of the efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth, especially in the southern part of Java. JLS development is a national project. JLS is part of the construction of the south coast of Java Road (Pansela), starting from Pacitan, Trenggalek, Tulungagung Blitar, Malang, Lumajang, Jember and Banyuwangi. The results also show that through the construction of the Southern Cross Line (JLS) is expected to improve services and economic growth, especially economic growth in the southern part of Java considering the income and economic inequality between Southern and Northern Java. The southern part of Java can be categorized as poor, given the limited access to infrastructure.
Machine Failure Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Assagaf Idrus , Sukandi Agus , Abdillah Abdul Azis
Published: July 2023

This article focuses on the application of deep learning methods for failure prediction. Failure prediction plays a crucial role in various industries to prevent unexpected equipment failures, minimize downtime, and improve maintenance strategies. Deep learning techniques, known for their ability to capture complex patterns and dependencies in data, are explored in this study. The research employs Multi-Layer Perceptron as deep learning architectures. This model is trained on AI4I 2020 Predictive Maintenance data to develop accurate failure prediction models. Data preprocessing involves cleaning, feature engineering, and normalization to ensure the quality and suitability of the data for deep learning models. The dataset is split into training and testing sets for model development and evaluation. Performance evaluation metrics such as accuracy, ROC, and AUC are utilized to assess the models' effectiveness in predicting failures. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning methods in failure prediction. The models showcase high accuracy and outperform SVM approaches, particularly in capturing intricate patterns and temporal dependencies within the data. The utilization of Multi-Layer Perceptron architecture further enhances the models' ability to capture long-term dependencies. However, challenges such as the availability of diverse and high-quality data, the selection of appropriate architecture and hyperparameters, and the interpretability of deep learning models remain significant considerations. Interpretability remains a challenge due to the inherent complexity and black-box nature of deep learning models. In conclusion, deep learning method offer significant potential for accurate failure prediction. Their ability to capture complex patterns and temporal dependencies makes them well-suited for analyzing operational and sensor data. Future research should focus on addressing challenges related to data quality, interpretability, and model optimization to further enhance the application of deep learning in failure prediction.
Análisis de la alimentación y distribución del visón americano (Neovison vison) y de la nutria (Lutra lutra) en la población simpátrica del río Moros (Sistema Central, Segovia)
Authors: Morales Javier , Díez David , Lizana Miguel
Published: July 2023

The distribution of the American mink (Neovison vison) has been continuous in the last decades in the river Moros basin (Segovia) and in its tributary streams and reservoirs at all altitudes , while the otter distribution (Lutra lutra) is linked to the river Moros, mainly to the middle course, alter the recolonization which began less than two decades ago and with a seasonal presence in the high altitude stretches of the river. The trophic ecology was studied by the analysis of 321 feces (spraints) (130 of otters and 191 of mink) collected during 13 months in 5 study sites located 64 in the high and middle stretches of the river, including 2 small mountain dams and a large dam in the middle stretch with a great human presence. Fish are the fundamental prey of the otters throughout the year and at all altitudes, the rest prey are accidentals. Mammals and fish are the fundamental prey for the American mink. The diversity of the otter’s diet is considerably smaller than that of the mink in all the stretches of the river. The overlap of the diets between otters and minks throughout the study is over 83%. Considering the sites in sympatry for both species is greater than 89%. The distribution of otters in the river Moros seems to be stable in the last samplings. The American mink distribution did not become reduced in the area and it is present in all the same river courses in which it was detected more than 25 years ago. Trapping minks has been insufficient to control this alien carnivore, which seems to tolerate the presence of otters in seasonal sympatry avoiding competition for trophic resources and shelters.
Autophagy signaling in hypertrophied muscles of diabetic and control rats
Authors: Scervino Maria V. M. , Fortes Marco A. S. , Vitzel Kaio F. , de Souza Diego R. , Murata Gilson M. , Santana Giovanna O. , da Silva Eliane B. , Levada‐Pires Adriana C. , Kuwabara Wilson M. T. , Loureiro Tatiana C. A. , Curi Rui
Published: July 2023

Autophagy plays a vital role in cell homeostasis by eliminating nonfunctional components and promoting cell survival. Here, we examined the levels of autophagy signaling proteins after 7 days of overload hypertrophy in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles of control and diabetic rats. We compared control and 3‐day streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats, an experimental model for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). EDL muscles showed increased levels of basal autophagy signaling proteins. The diabetic state did not affect the extent of overload‐induced hypertrophy or the levels of autophagy signaling proteins (p‐ULK1, Beclin‐1, Atg5, Atg12‐5, Atg7, Atg3, LC3‐I and II, and p62) in either muscle. The p‐ULK‐1, Beclin‐1, and p62 protein expression levels were higher in the EDL muscle than in the soleus before the hypertrophic stimulus. On the contrary, the soleus muscle exhibited increased autophagic signaling after overload‐induced hypertrophy, with increases in Beclin‐1, Atg5, Atg12‐5, Atg7, Atg3, and LC3‐I expression in the control and diabetic groups, in addition to p‐ULK‐1 in the control groups. After hypertrophy, Beclin‐1 and Atg5 levels increased in the EDL muscle of both groups, while p‐ULK1 and LC3‐I increased in the control group. In conclusion, the baseline EDL muscle exhibited higher autophagy than the soleus muscle. Although TDM1 promotes skeletal muscle mass loss and strength reduction, it did not significantly alter the extent of overload‐induced hypertrophy and autophagy signaling proteins in EDL and soleus muscles, with the two groups exhibiting different patterns of autophagy activation.
A research on the improved rotational robustness for thoracic organ delineation by using joint learning of segmenting spatially‐correlated organs: A U‐net based comparison
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Yiwei , Fang Min , Xu Yujin , Ji Yongling , Chen Ming
Published: July 2023

Purpose

To study the improved rotational robustness by using joint learning of spatially‐correlated organ segmentation (SCOS) for thoracic organ delineation. The network structure is not our point.

Methods

The SCOS was implemented in a U‐net‐like model (abbr. SCOS‐net) and evaluated on unseen rotated test sets. Two hundred sixty‐seven patients with thoracic tumors (232 without rotation and 35 with rotation) were enrolled. The training and validation images came from 61 randomly chosen unrotated patients. The test data included two sets. One consisted of 3000 slices from the rest 171 unrotated patients. They were rotated by us by –30°∼30°. One was the images from the 35 rotated patients. The lung, heart, and spinal cord were delineated by experienced radiation oncologists and regarded as ground truth. The SCOS‐net was compared with its single‐task learning counterparts, two published multiple learning task settings, and rotation augmentation. Dice, 3 distance metrics (maximum and 95th percentile of Hausdorff distances and average surface distance (ASD)) and the number of cases where ASD = infinity were adopted. We analyzed the results using visualization techniques.

Results

In terms of no augmentation, the SCOS‐net achieves the best lung and spinal cord segmentations and comparable heart delineation. With augmentation, SCOS performs better in some cases.

Conclusion

The proposed SCOS can improve rotational robustness, and is promising in clinical applications for its low network capacity and computational cost.
A data‐driven fault diagnosis of high speed maglev train levitation system
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Long Zhiqiang , Luo Jie , He Zhangming , Li Xiaolong
Published: July 2023

The levitation system is a crucial component of a maglev train as it is responsible for levitating the train body above the track. Real‐time diagnosis of faults in the levitation system is essential for commercial operational purposes. Despite extensive research on the mechanism of the levitation system, it is challenging to obtain an accurate system model due to unavoidable noise and disturbances. To address this issue, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for the maglev train levitation system. This method combines model‐based fault diagnosis with a data‐based implementation approach to maximize the benefits of both approaches while considering system noise and model uncertainty. Additionally, a secondary confirmation of fault isolation results is proposed to improve the reliability of fault diagnosis and minimize the effect of false alarms. Finally, a subsequent processing of fault data is recommended to enrich fault analysis methods.
Hybrid Marine Predators and Border Collie Optimization algorithm for multipath routing in IoT
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: July 2023

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of smart things that connects people and objects for gathering and exchanging information by means of embedded sensor. IoT‐based wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes are monitored as a resource parameter at the variety of methods, including resource calculation, energy resource, and storage resource, with multipath routing protocols necessary to enable extended network lifespan and achieve high energy utilization. The existing routing protocols did not provide optimal path from the multipath route. Hence, in this manuscript, a Hybrid Marine Predators and Border Collie Optimization algorithm is proposed for multipath routing in IoTs. The main aim of this endeavor is to “increase network lifetime.” IoT is simulated initially and multipath routing initiates in internet of things network. Multipath routing is achieved by proposed Hyb‐MP‐BCOA; this is the combination of Hybrid Marine Predators Algorithm and Border Collie Optimization algorithm. The proposed Hyb‐MP‐BCOA algorithm chooses the optimum path from the multiple path obtainable for routing, depending upon fitness parameter, like context awareness, network lifetime, residual energy, trust, and delay. Based on the fitness parameter, the optimal path is selected by using Hyb‐MP‐BCOA algorithm. Finally, the proposed Hyb‐MP‐BCOA‐MR‐IoT model is applied in MATLAB, and efficacy of proposed technique is estimated by using various performance metrics, like drop, normalized network energy, lifetime of network, delay, throughput, energy consumed, packet delivery ratio, and number of sensor nodes versus aggregation level. The proposed method attains lower delay of 14.285%, 50%, 53.846%, and 57.142%, lower packet drop of 14.285%, 50%, 53.846%, and 57.142%, lower energy consumption compared with existing methods such as multiobjective sun flower optimization with gray wolf optimizer (GWO) for multipath routing in IoT (SFO‐GWO‐MR‐IoT), multiobjective Whale Lion Fireworks optimization algorithm and fitness function for multipath routing in IoT (WLFA‐MR‐IoT), multipath routing in IoT using shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA‐MR‐IoT), and multipath routing in IoT using hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm‐Moth Flame Optimization (MFO)(hyb‐WOA‐MFO‐MR‐IoT). Finally, the safe communication is attained in the IoT network.
Efficacy of Systemic Bevacizumab for Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis with Pulmonary Involvement
Authors: So Raymond J. , Hidalgo Lopez Julio C. , Ballestas Samir A. , Klein Adam M. , Steuer Conor , Shin Dong M. , Abousaud Marin , Teng Yong , Saba Nabil F. , Tkaczuk Andrew T. , Schaefer Eric S. , Seiwert Tanguy Y. , McClellan Kim , Best Simon R.
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Pulmonary papillomatosis is a rare but severe manifestation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Efficacy data of systemic bevacizumab for pulmonary RRP are limited. This study's objective was to characterize disease response of pulmonary RRP to systemic bevacizumab.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed to identify patients with pulmonary RRP seen at three medical institutions. Clinical symptoms, CT findings, and disease response were compared before and after initiation of systemic bevacizumab therapy. Disease response was categorized as complete response, partial response, stabilization, or progression for each subsite involved by papilloma.

Results

Of the 12 pulmonary RRP patients treated with systemic bevacizumab, 4 (33.3%) were male, and 11 (91.7%) were juvenile‐onset RRP patients. All presented with laryngeal, tracheal, and pulmonary RRP. The median (range) age at first bevacizumab infusion was 48.1 (19.5–70.2) years. Progression to pulmonary malignancy was identified in 3 (25.0%) patients, 2 before initiation of and 1 after complete cessation of bevacizumab therapy. Clinical symptoms such as dyspnea (75.0% vs. 25.0%; p = 0.01) and dysphagia and/or odynophagia (33.3 vs. 0.0%; p = 0.03) were significantly decreased following bevacizumab therapy. Compared with pre‐treatment baseline, 9 (75.0%) patients experienced a stable‐to‐partial response in the lungs to systemic bevacizumab, and 10 (83.3%) experienced partial‐to‐complete responses in the larynx and trachea.

Conclusion

Systemic bevacizumab is effective in stabilizing progression in even the most severe cases of RRP, with both a dramatic reduction in laryngeal and tracheal disease as well as a stable‐to‐partial response of pulmonary involvement in a majority of patients.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 134:577–581, 2024
A multi-objective nonlinear integer programming model for mixed runway operations within the TMAs
Authors: Kaplan Z. , Çetek C. , Saraç T.
Published: July 2023

Global air traffic demand has shown rapid growth for the last three decades. This growth led to more delays and congestion within terminal manoeuvring areas (TMAs) around major airports. The efficient use of airport capacities through the careful planning of air traffic flows is imperative to overcome these problems. In this study, a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model with a multi-objective approach was developed to solve the aircraft sequencing and scheduling problem for mixed runway operations within the TMAs. The model contains fuel cost functions based on airspeed, altitude, bank angle, and the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft. The optimisation problem was solved by using the
$\varepsilon$
-constraint method where total delay and total fuel functions were simultaneously optimised. We tested the model with different scenarios generated based on the real traffic data of Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen Airport. The results revealed that the average total delay and average total fuel were reduced by 26.4% and 6.7%, respectively.
Prospective External Validation of an Algorithm Predicting Hourly
Basal Insulin Infusion Rates from Characteristics of Patients with Type 1
Diabetes Treated with Insulin Pumps
Authors: Schmelzer Jana S. , Kahle-Stephan Melanie , Meier Juris J. , Nauck Michael A.
Published: July 2023

Background We previously published an algorithm predicting 24 h
basal insulin infusion profiles in insulin pump-treated subjects with type 1
diabetes profiles from six subject characteristics. This algorithm was to be
externally validated in an independent environment and patient population.

Methods Thirty-two patients with pump-treated type diabetes were switched
to their individually algorithm-derived basal insulin infusion profile, and the
appropriateness of fasting glycemic control was scrutinized by means of a
supervised 24 h fast. Primary endpoint was appropriate fasting glycemic
control according to pre-defined criteria in at least 80% of the
cohort.

Results In 24 out of 32 patients switching to the algorithm-derived basal
insulin infusion rate and undergoing a 24-h fasting period, appropriate glycemic
control was achieved (=75%, lower than the pre-defined threshold
of 80%), two patients discontinued the fast due to hyperglycemia, and
six finished the fasting period, however, with inappropriate fasting glycemic
control (entirely due to hyperglycemic episodes). There were no obvious
differences in baseline characteristics between those with appropriate vs.
inappropriate fasting glycemic control on the basal insulin infusion rate
provided by the algorithm.

Conclusion In conclusion, when testing fasting glycemic control with an
algorithm-derived individual basal insulin infusion profile during a
24 h fasting period in a cohort unrelated in terms of the hospital
environment and catchment area, the success rate was lower than a pre-defined
threshold for concluding utility of this algorithm. Therefore, applying this
algorithm in order to initiate or optimize basal insulin infusion profiles in
type 1 diabetes cannot be generally recommended.
The Social Space of the Page
Authors: Sawday Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Karen Blixen’s modern short story entitled “The Blank Page” shows how a blank space might be invested with ambiguous meaning. This chapter begins by discussing paper manufacture in the early modern period, and (in particular) the role of women in this kind of labor. Empty spaces on either a hand-written or printed page are considered as examples of significant social space. In letter writing, as well as in print, space was not merely a gap or a period of silence but an important signifier of courtesy (or the lack of it). These spaces were also configured as gendered, being compared to women’s faces or bodies. But providing such space also cost the printers money. This chapter looks at the way in which social space was created in printed books, as well as in hand-written letters and printed dedications, using works by Bess of Hardwick, Emilia Lanier, George Chapman, Edmund Spenser, John Florio, and Ben Jonson.
Vacant Leaves and Waste Blanks
Authors: Sawday Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Renaissance pages in both manuscript collections and printed books were sometimes left purposefully blank, although why this was the case is not always easy to establish. This chapter revolves around the “waste blanks” described in Shakespeare’s Sonnet 77, which is discussed in the context of Lady Jane Grey’s writings inscribed on “waste leaves” of a book she was reading immediately prior to her execution in 1554. But what, exactly, are “waste leaves?” This discussion leads into an investigation of the curious (and still not fully understood) instances of printed books with empty (usually verso) pages, such as Shakespeare’s The Passionate Pilgrime (1599). Consciously creating books with empty pages by interleaving printed books is considered, along with various models of the mind and information storage in the early modern period. Finally, the chapter explores the role of blank endpapers in printed books, and how, using the example of Robert Burton, they provided sometimes valued space for inscription.
Liaison
Authors: Nedecky Jason
Published: July 2023

The linking of two words by pronouncing a normally silent consonant at the end of the first word before an initial vowel sound of the second word is known as liaison. It is one of the most unique and complex aspects of French pronunciation. At one time, liaison was made sparingly in elevated French speech. In the nineteenth century, this began to change. Frequent liaison became a hallmark of education and upbringing. At the Comédie-Française, and in French poetry in general, the avoidance of back-to-back vowels led to a predilection for frequent liaison. This carries through to opera and mélodie, where in general, liaison is made much more often than in modern speech. Liaison is considered either obligatory, optional, or forbidden. It is the optional category that requires the most explanation in singing. This chapter addresses how to make decisions about liaison in opera and mélodie, including the handling of special cases and exceptions in the repertoire. The method for pronunciation of final letters in liaison is covered, as well as alterations to pronunciation with liaison from masculine adjectives. Musical examples illustrate all concepts. A section on the use of liaison in common vocabulary provides instruction on a case-by-case basis.
Evolving Tomorrow
Authors: Cutter Asher D.
Published: July 2023

Evolving Tomorrow scrutinizes how evolutionary change happens, how modern-day genetic engineering can influence it, and what consequences of these forces we can expect to see in the future of the Anthropocene era. The first part of this book explores how living organisms change over time and how it can happen fast. It explains nature’s evolutionary forces, how these forces interplay with genetics, and the intricacies of genetic biotechnologies like CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. Some genetic engineering with CRISPR-Cas9 gene drives will present a new force of evolution, termed genetic welding, if unleashed into the wild. Extensive real-world examples from nature draw on the author’s decades of experience conducting research around the world in the lab and in the field. The second part of the book investigates the applications and implications of manipulating evolution and genetic engineering to alter and create new species. It explores the ecosystem consequences and environmental bioethics of changes to plants and animals, including through de-extinction, rewilding, and invasive species. It deliberates competing perspectives of the meaning of wild and nature. It considers the ethical conundrums of genetic engineering of our own species, including the potential emergence of a new form of eugenics. The ideas developed in this book build the crucial links across evolution, ecology, biotechnology, and ethics to ground how global society will decide how and when it acts to shape the inevitable evolutionary changes that accumulate in the world of tomorrow and throughout the next millennia.
Fast numerical techniques for FE simulations in electrical capacitance tomography
Authors: Neumayer M. , Suppan T. , Bretterklieber T. , Wegleiter H. , Fox Colin
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Nonlinear solution approaches for inverse problems require fast simulation techniques for the underlying sensing problem. In this work, the authors investigate finite element (FE) based sensor simulations for the inverse problem of electrical capacitance tomography. Two known computational bottlenecks are the assembly of the FE equation system as well as the computation of the Jacobian. Here, existing computation techniques like adjoint field approaches require additional simulations. This paper aims to present fast numerical techniques for the sensor simulation and computations with the Jacobian matrix.

Design/methodology/approach

For the FE equation system, a solution strategy based on Green’s functions is derived. Its relation to the solution of a standard FE formulation is discussed. A fast stiffness matrix assembly based on an eigenvector decomposition is shown. Based on the properties of the Green’s functions, Jacobian operations are derived, which allow the computation of matrix vector products with the Jacobian for free, i.e. no additional solves are required. This is demonstrated by a Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno-based image reconstruction algorithm.

Findings

MATLAB-based time measurements of the new methods show a significant acceleration for all calculation steps compared to reference implementations with standard methods. E.g. for the Jacobian operations, improvement factors of well over 100 could be found.

Originality/value

The paper shows new methods for solving known computational tasks for solving inverse problems. A particular advantage is the coherent derivation and elaboration of the results. The approaches can also be applicable to other inverse problems.
Audit quality and engagement partner busyness: The role of internal resource allocation
Authors: Suzuki Katsushi , Takada Tomomi
Published: July 2023

Prior studies have found that engagement partner busyness influences audit effectiveness. The more workload partners have from clients, the busier partners will be, resulting in lower audit quality. However, internal resources available to partners can attenuate the partners’ work burden, although the moderating effect of such resources has been mostly overlooked in the literature. As partners’ work burden could lessen for a partner with more internal resources, we elaborate on its effect in this study. We examine the following types of internal resources: (1) availability of higher‐ranked personnel and (2) accumulated client‐specific information. Our results show that engagement partners reduce audit quality for a client when partners bear higher work burden from other clients, for which limited internal resources are available. Moreover, the results indicate that this mutual impact on the audit quality of partners’ workload and internal resource availability for other clients is more pronounced for non‐Big 4 clients. These results suggest that internal resource allocation is critical for quality control, especially for non‐Big 4 audit firms.
The relevance of emotional intelligence in social work practice and education
Authors: Matthews Hawa
Published: July 2023

This article presents a discussion of the concept of emotional intelligence and provides a rationale with reference to the relevant literature on the concept and significance of emotional intelligence in social work education. In this piece I argue that emotions can influence moral decision making in social work and may act as moral markers and motivators for social work practitioners and students. It offers my viewpoint on emotional intelligence based on my practice experience as a registered social worker, a social work educator and a learner completing a PhD in social work. Finally, I explicate some suggestions to further include emotional intelligence in the social workers’ ongoing professional development and social work students’ education.
Strengths of family carers: Looking after a terminally ill adult under 65 years of age
Authors: James Mary P , Reid Kate
Published: July 2023

Introduction: To learn of a terminal illness is devastating at any age.  How much more so when it occurs in early or mid-adulthood, when people are busy with family and career goals. Those facing death when under 65 years of age are a group whose voice is virtually invisible in the palliative caregiving literature.  Yet one in every five people die in New Zealand before 65 years of age.  For Māori, almost half will die under the age of 65.Methods: Eight bereaved family carers were interviewed with particular focus on the strengths that underpinned and sustained them through the spouse’s illness and death. The research utilised a social construction methodology and thematic analysis of the narratives was undertaken to identify the key themes.Findings: Following analysis, themes emerged relating to the Medical Circle of Care, the Home Circle of Care, Saying Goodbye, and Picking Up the Threads. Further analysis revealed the strengths of love, hope, family, teamwork and resilience in coping with these experiences.Conclusion: Three key findings for palliative care teams emerge from the research. These are to prioritise support for family carers, to enable access to Social Work, and the provision of targeted support for bereaved family carers.
Immune-mediated denervation of the pineal gland underlies sleep disturbance in cardiac disease
Authors: Ziegler Karin A. , Ahles Andrea , Dueck Anne , Esfandyari Dena , Pichler Pauline , Weber Karolin , Kotschi Stefan , Bartelt Alexander , Sinicina Inga , Graw Matthias , Leonhardt Heinrich , Weckbach Ludwig T. , Massberg Steffen , Schifferer Martina , Simons Mikael , Hoeher Luciano , Luo Jie , Ertürk Ali , Schiattarella Gabriele G. , Sassi Yassine , Misgeld Thomas , Engelhardt Stefan
Published: July 2023

Disruption of the physiologic sleep-wake cycle and low melatonin levels frequently accompany cardiac disease, yet the underlying mechanism has remained enigmatic. Immunostaining of sympathetic axons in optically cleared pineal glands from humans and mice with cardiac disease revealed their substantial denervation compared with controls. Spatial, single-cell, nuclear, and bulk RNA sequencing traced this defect back to the superior cervical ganglia (SCG), which responded to cardiac disease with accumulation of inflammatory macrophages, fibrosis, and the selective loss of pineal gland–innervating neurons. Depletion of macrophages in the SCG prevented disease-associated denervation of the pineal gland and restored physiological melatonin secretion. Our data identify the mechanism by which diurnal rhythmicity in cardiac disease is disturbed and suggest a target for therapeutic intervention.
The genetic architecture and evolution of the human skeletal form
Authors: Kun Eucharist , Javan Emily M. , Smith Olivia , Gulamali Faris , de la Fuente Javier , Flynn Brianna I. , Vajrala Kushal , Trutner Zoe , Jayakumar Prakash , Tucker-Drob Elliot M. , Sohail Mashaal , Singh Tarjinder , Narasimhan Vagheesh M.
Published: July 2023

The human skeletal form underlies bipedalism, but the genetic basis of skeletal proportions (SPs) is not well characterized. We applied deep-learning models to 31,221 x-rays from the UK Biobank to extract a comprehensive set of SPs, which were associated with 145 independent loci genome-wide. Structural equation modeling suggested that limb proportions exhibited strong genetic sharing but were independent of width and torso proportions. Polygenic score analysis identified specific associations between osteoarthritis and hip and knee SPs. In contrast to other traits, SP loci were enriched in human accelerated regions and in regulatory elements of genes that are differentially expressed between humans and great apes. Combined, our work identifies specific genetic variants that affect the skeletal form and ties a major evolutionary facet of human anatomical change to pathogenesis.
Preparation and Performance Study of ZnO Nanorod Array with Anti-Ultraviolet and Superhydrophobic Surface
Authors: Chen Menglong , Hua Jianglong , Jiang Qi
Published: July 2023

A two-step low-temperature hydrothermal method was used to construct an aluminum-nickel compound network structure on the substrate surface, followed by a secondary hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorod array. After low surface energy material modification, a superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface was obtained. The aluminum-nickel compound network structure plays a key guiding role in the growth of ZnO nanorod arrays. The uniformly shaped and densely arranged ZnO nanorod arrays have high roughness and exhibit excellent hydrophobic properties after modification. The surface of the ZnO nanorod array is improved in terms of UV resistance due to the size effect. The effects of hydrothermal reaction temperature, hydrothermal reaction time, hydrothermal reaction pH value, and Zn[Formula: see text] concentration on the surface structure, morphology, and properties of the ZnO nanorod array were also studied.
Cerebral Lateral Ventricular Asymmetry: Normal Variant or an Indicator of Underlying Pathology
Authors: Petpichetchian Chusana , Carpineta Lucia , Brown Richard
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Isolated lateral ventricular asymmetry has been associated with a favorable prognosis; however, prenatal evaluations in existing studies have been conducted using ultrasonography (US). This study aimed to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, progression of ventricular asymmetry, and perinatal outcomes in fetuses prenatally diagnosed with isolated ventricular asymmetry. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent MRI for isolated fetal ventricular asymmetry at a tertiary center between January 2012 and January 2020. Information, including pregnancy history, US, MRI findings, and perinatal outcomes, was obtained from medical records. Results: The study cohort included 17 women with fetal ventricular asymmetry but without ventriculomegaly at the time of index US. Mild ventriculomegaly subsequently developed in 13 patients; 12 of them showed spontaneous resolution before delivery. MRI identified low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in 13 fetuses. Postnatally, 12 newborns underwent neonatal cranial US where two of them showed evidence of germinal matrix hemorrhage. Both newborns appeared normal at birth without neonatal complications. Conclusion: MRI identified low-grade IVH in most fetuses with isolated ventricular asymmetry. These fetuses were also likely to develop mild ventriculomegaly with spontaneous resolution. Although perinatal outcomes appeared good, careful follow-up in both prenatal and postnatal periods is warranted.