bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Digital Signal Processing Technology in Electronic Measuring Instruments
Authors: Xin Gao
Published: July 2018

With the development of society, digital signal processing technology has been widely used by more and more people to various industries. It is to promote our entire world of information technology development is very favorable, and it can also be the maximum to help people improve the efficiency of working life, so the need to further strengthen its research. In the present situation, digital signal processing technology is the use of electronic equipment to carry out the measurement of the important components of the work, so in the future development process, the need to continue to strengthen the application of digital signal technology for human production and life to provide more the convenience. Based on this paper, the application of digital signal processing technology in the field of electronic measuring instruments is analyzed.
The Systematic Study of the Feasible Photovoltaics in Eastern Kentucky
Authors: Lee Sanghyun
Published: July 2018

Photovoltaics (PV-also called solar photovoltaic devices) are used to harness the power of the sun via the electronic process that occurs within semiconductor cells. The solar energy isÂ absorbed by the cells, which causes the electrons to break away from their atoms, allowing them to flow within the material to produce electricity. This electricity will become the renewable energy for Kentucky, as the generation of coal will but come to a stop within the near future. Like Denmark who is running on 100% renewable generation we must stride to become fully operational on solar. In the present work, we systematically studied about renewable energy resources, in particular, solar energy for the application of photovoltaicÂ panels in Eastern Kentucky. By analyzing data from our PV cells at Morehead State University designed to follow the direction of the sun for optimized output and by incorporating MPPT charge controllers, we have constructed a maximum power algorithm that performs best for the location. Utilizing these, measurements of daily electricity production in comparison to the average power needed for household use has validated our research. With the advancements in solar cell technology what was once impossible is now reality, as solar power can easily power this region based on our data. Knowing this, being a prime location we can now push to enable the advancement of renewable energy production and become less dependent on fossil fuels, thus creating an infrastructure that will run off solar power.
An Overview of Advanced Chalcogenide Thermo- electric Materials and Their Applications
Authors: Tesfaye Fiseha
Published: July 2018

Thermoelectricity is a strong scientific and technological interest due to its wide application ranging from clean energy producing to photon sensing devices. Recent developments in theoretical studies on the thermoelectric (TE) effects as well as the newly discovered thermoelectric materials provide new opportunities for several applications. Though the scale of production is limited, thermo-electric technology provides an alternative to traditional methods of power generation, heating and cooling systems. TE technologies can be used in power generation, heating and cooling applications. They potentially offer significant energy savings through waste heat recovery and augmented cooling. This article critically discusses the current progress in chalcogenide TE materials and the advantages and limitations associated with the TE technologies. The need for new materials discoveries from the point of view of achieving higher figure-of-merit combined with thermal stabilities in intermediate- and high- temperature Peltier and Seebeck effects applications is also emphasized. Besides, this article aims to evaluate the main features of recently characterized multicomponent chalcogenide ionic compounds with high thermal stabilities as potential TE materials to harvest electric power from high-temperature heat flux via thermoelectricity.
Discussion on Application of Green Building Design Based on BIM Technology
Authors: Nan Yang
Published: July 2018

With the development of society, applying green technology in the construction industry has become the main development trend. In the green building, that the simulation method is used to carry out digital analysis on the energy-saving effects quickly, directly and accurately is also the main object of research at present. On the current situation, the application of BIM technologyin green building design not only can effectively solve the existing problems, but also can provide more efficient technology to reduce environment pollution, improve the overall efficiency and promote the development of green building construction, so it is necessary to further strengthen the research. Based on this, this paper analyzes the green architectural design application of BIM technology.
MEMÓRIAS DA ESCOLA RURAL MUNICIPAL AMADOR BUENO: DELINEANDO EXPERIÊNCIAS EDUCATIVAS DO NORTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Ivashita Simone Burioli , Domingues Ana Caroline Macedo
Published: July 2018

O presente texto objetiva proporcionar algumas discussões acerca da pesquisa sobre a história das instituições escolares, apresentando resultado de pesquisa realizada na Escola Municipal Rural Amador Bueno (1959-2001) localizada na fazenda Marília, distrito de Lerroville, no município de Londrina, ao norte do Estado do Paraná. Metodologicamente trabalhamos com estudos bibliográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas, que possibilitou reavivar a memória dos professores que atuaram na referida escola evidenciando suas experiências educativas. Em um primeiro momento há uma discussão sobre o avanço das pesquisas em torno das instituições escolares no âmbito da historiografia da educação e, em um segundo momento, nosso enfoque se dá no planejamento docente, avaliação, relação professor-aluno, organização do ensino (métodos e supervisão pedagógica), dificuldades de acesso à escola rural e desafios enfrentados com as classes multisseriadas.
TUXMATH COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO NO ENSINO DAS OPERAÇÕES COM OS NÚMEROS INTEIROS
Authors: Lopes Thiago Beirigo , Costa Ademir Brandão , Oliveira Ritianne de Fátima Silva de , Sá Pedro Franco de
Published: July 2018

Na sociedade contemporânea, a utilização de tecnologias digitais vêm em uma crescente utilidade cotidiana, no entanto a escola, de modo geral, não tem acompanhado esse mesmo ritmo de aprimoramento tecnológico e não incorporando a tecnologia disponível que tem potencial para ser utilizada durante as aulas. Diante disto, o objetivo dessa investigação foi verificar o que pensam os estudantes em relação ao uso de tecnologias digitais no ensino e às atividades lúdicas com o TuxMath envolvendo as expressões aritméticas. Para tanto, foi proposta uma atividade na qual utiliza o computador como recurso didático para trabalhar tais expressões no laboratório de informática da escola. Sendo esse estudo realizado com os 32 estudantes matriculados no 7º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública municipal em Canaã dos Carajás/Pará. O trabalho inicia com uma breve situação histórica, desde surgimento da informática até suas contribuições na educação. Posteriormente, é proposto um método por meio da realização de uma atividade de disputa em que se busca envolver os estudantes em disputas sadias na busca de maiores pontuações no TuxMath, e consequentemente maior prática do cálculo aritmético mental. Tendo essa atividade logrado êxito, podendo ser observada nas respostas dos estudantes focos da pesquisa nos questionários abertos respondidos ao fim das atividades.
CONHECIMENTO ESCOLAR: O CURRÍCULO PRESCRITO E OS PROCESSOS DE APROPRIAÇÃO
Authors: Meloni Reginaldo Alberto
Published: July 2018

O conhecimento escolar não se resume aos conteúdos conceituais sistematizados pela sociedade. O processo educativo não coincide com a exposição de conteúdos conceituais na sala de aula. O que hoje parece óbvio já foi investigado e discutido em inúmeros trabalhos nos quais as instituições escolares são apontadas, por um lado, como produto do contexto social e, por outro lado, como produtoras de uma cultura própria.
METHOD FOR FMD VIRUS 146S COMPONENT CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION WITH REAL-TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION – POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN VACCINE RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Doronin M. I. , Timina A. M. , Lozovoy D. A. , Starikov V. A. , Mikhalishin D. V. , Medvedeva N. N. , Borisov A. V.
Published: July 2018

Method for determination of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus 146S component concentration with real-time reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) in vaccine raw materials is developed. Negative regression model of  С146S = (30.269 – Ct )/4.155 type allowing determination of FMDV 146S particle concentrations based on the amplification threshold cycle values (Ct ) is proposed. It has been experimentally proven that the quantity of the 146S component determined by the real-time RT-PCR method using developed regression model and contained in the inoculation dose of FMD vaccine confers protection to the vaccinated animals against generalized FMD of A, O, Asia-1 types. rtRT-PCR method is highly sensitive and allows rapid and highly reliable estimation of the 146S antigen concentration in FMD vaccine. The method for 146S particle quantity determination by real-time RT-PCR using the regression model is reliable and demonstrates high correlation (95.5–99.0%) with the complement fixation test results.
BIOMASS ESTIMATION MODEL FOR MANGROVE FOREST USING MEDIUM-RESOLUTION IMAGERIES IN BSN CO LTD CONCESSION AREA, WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Yusandi Sendi , Jaya I Nengah Surati , Mulia Fairus
Published: July 2018

Mangrove forest is one of the forest ecosystem types that have the highest carbon stock in the tropics. Mangrove forests have a good assimilation capability with their environmental elements as well as on carbon sequestration. However, the availability of data and information on carbon storage, especially on tree biomass content of mangrove is still limited. Conventionally, an accurate estimation of biomass could be obtained from terrestrial measurements, but those methods are very costly and time-consuming. This study offered an alternative solution to overcome these limitations by using remote sensing technology, i.e. by using Landsat 8 and SPOT 5. The objective of this study is to formulate the biomass estimation model using medium resolution satellite imagery, as well as to develop a biomass distribution map based on the selected model. The study found that the NDVI of Landsat 8 and SPOT 5 have considerably high correlation coefficients with the standing biomass with a value of higher than 0.7071. On the basis of the values of aggregation deviation, mean deviation, bias, RMSE, χ², R², and s, the best model for estimating the mangrove stand biomass for Landsat 8 is B=0.00023404 e(20 NDVI) with the R² value of 77.1% and B=0.36+25.5 NDVI² with the R² value of 49.9% for SPOT 5. In general, the concession area of Bina Silva Nusa (BSN) Group (PT Kandelia Alam and PT Bina Ovivipari Semesta) have the potential of biomass ranging from 45 to 100 ton per ha.
LAPAN-A3 SATELLITE DATA ANALYSIS FOR LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION (CASE STUDY: TOBA LAKE AREA, NORTH SUMATRA)
Authors: Nugroho Jalu Tejo , Zylshal Zylshal , Kushardono Dony
Published: July 2018

LAPAN-A3 is the 3rdgeneration satellite for remote sensing developed by National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN). The camera provides imagery with 15 m spatial resolution and able to view a swath 120 km wide. This research analyzes the performance of LAPAN-A3 satellite data to classify land cover in Toba Lake area, North Sumatera. Data processing starts from the selection of region of interest up to the assessment of accuracy. Supervised classification with maximum likelihood approach and confusion matrix method was applied to classify and evaluate the assessment results. The land cover is classified into five classes; water, bare land, agriculture, forest and secondary forest. The result of accuracy test is 93.71%. It proves that LAPAN-A3 data could classify the land cover accurately. The data is expected to complement the need of the satellite data with medium spatial resolution.
THREE-WAY ERROR ANALYSIS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST) BETWEEN HIMAWARI-8, BUOY, AND MUR SST IN SAVU SEA
Authors: Sukresno Bambang , Hanintyo Rizki , Kusuma Denny Wijaya , Jatisworo Dinarika , Murdimanto Ari
Published: July 2018

Variance errors of Himawari-8, buoy, and Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) SST in Savu Sea have been investigated. This research used level 3 Himawari-8 hourly SST, in situ measurement of buoy, and daily MUR SST in the period of December 2016 to July 2017. The data were separated into day time data and night time. Skin temperature of Himawari-8 and subskin tempertaure of MUR SST were corrected with the value of 15âˆ†Tdept">  before compared with buoy data. Hourly SST of Himawari-8 and buoy data were converted to daily format by averaging process before collocated with MUR SST data. The number of 2,264 matchup data are obtained. Differences average between Himawari-8, buoy and MUR SST were calculated to get the value of variance (Vij).  Using three-way error analysis, variance errors of each observation type can be known. From the analysis results can be seen that the variance error of Himawari-8, buoy and MUR SST are 2.5 oC, 0.28oC and 1.21oC respectively. The accuracy of buoy data was better than the other. With a small variance errors, thus buoy data can be used as a reference data for validation of SST from different observation type.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium dioxide nanotubes synthesized in the fluoride-based electrolyte
Authors: Lim Ying Pio , Yeo Wei Hong
Published: July 2018

Titanium is one of the biomaterials commonly used for prosthetic devices due to its bio-inert properties. The discovery of titanium dioxide nanotubes (TDNTs) has created a great interest in medical applications such as dental and orthopedic implants. The synthesizing of TDNTs can produce different morphology, sizes and mechanical properties of the nanotubes – depending on the applied method. In this study, an electrochemical anodization method was used for synthesizing the TDNTs. A 100 ml mixture of 99% of ethylene glycol (EG), 1% of deionized water and 1 wt.% of ammonium fluoride (NH4F) was used as the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. Parameters such as anodization time and the voltage applied were used to alter the morphology of the TDNTs formed. The produced nanotubes were analyzed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness tester. The SEM results showed that the formed diameter of nanotubes was mainly affected by the anodizing voltage. The wall thickness was found to be irrelevant to the parameters conducted in this study. The diameter of nanotubes formed with an anodizing voltage of 30, 45 and 60 V have the diameters ranging from 46 nm to 71 nm. All of the TDNTs samples formed have a wall thickness between 11 nm and 13 nm. With the use of EG and NH4F as an electrolyte, the array of TDNTs with honeycomb structure was formed. In general, hardness test showed that the hardness of the nanotubes was inversely proportional with the anodizing time. The anodizing voltage only has little effect on the hardness of the nanotubes. The nanotubes formed by 60 V have about 3 to 5% lower hardness compared to those formed by 30 V for different anodizing times.
Application of raw volcanic rock found in Etna valley as an adsorbent of chromates, arsenates and selenates
Authors: Bugarčić Mladen Dobrivoje , Milivojević Milan , Marinković Aleksandar , Marković Branislav , Sokić Miroslav , Petronijević Nela , Stojanović Jovica
Published: July 2018

This paper aims to determine the potential of volcanic rock found in Etna valley as an adsorbent of heavy metals in anionic form (chromates, arsenates, and selenates). Characterization of the volcanic rock was done with chemical methods (AAS, AES, gravimetric analysis, XRF), physicochemical methods (XRD, FTIR, SEM, DTA, DTG) and physical methods (porosity measurement, Microscopy in transmitted light). Also, equilibrium adsorption capacity was determined. All the results of adsorption capacity were satisfying considering the mineral composition, granulation, and porosity. The removal efficiency of chromates was the biggest (above 30 %) with adsorption capacity of 15.6 mg Cr g-1. The lowest adsorption efficiency was with the selenates, approximately 18 %.
Surgical treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: what’s new?
Authors: V. V. Lazoryshynets  , K. V. Rudenko  , O. A. Krykunov  , A. O. Rusnak  , O. M. Trembovetska  , L. O. Nevmerzhytska  , P. A. Danchenko
Published: July 2018

The aim — to investigate the effectiveness of surgical septal myectomy in patients with obstructive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to determine its effect on survival and quality of life.Materials and methods. The research included 118 consequential symptomatic patients with obstructive form of HCM who underwent surgical extensive myectomy with secondary chordae resection and mobilization of the anterior and posterior groups of papillary muscles (PM). An evaluation of the following parameters in group of patients before and after surgical intervention was performed: systolic pressure gradient (SPG) on the left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT), mitral regurgitation (MR) degree, NYHA functional class, survival rate and main post­operative complications.Results and discussion. According to the obtained data, SPG decreased from 93.6 ± 23.2 mmHg prior the surgery to 19.7 ± 11.4 mmHg after the treatment (p < 0.001). 21 (17.8 %) patients had moderate degree of MR after the surgery, while before the intervention the number of patients who had moderate or severe MR degree made up 101 (85.5 %) out of 118 (p < 0.001). Out of 118 patients, 36 (30.5 %) of whom had III — IV NYHA functional class of heart failure before the procedure, 115 (97.4 %) switched to functional class I — II in the latest follow­up (p < 0.001). The mortality accounted for 1.7 %. Out of 118 patients under study, one (0.8 %) underwent cardioverter­defibrillator implantation in the post­operative period for the prophilaxis of sudden death, and 5 (4.2 %) patients underwent pacemaker implantation due to complete post­operative AV­block.Conclusions. Surgical septal myectomy by professor P. Ferrazzi procedure is a gold standard of treatment of patients with obstructive form of HCM. Successful correction of HCM can be conducted only by a high­qualified surgeon with experience of reconstruction of valvular pathologies and in an expert center, where it is possible to perform routine pre­operative MRI or CT‑planning and mandatory intraoperative echocardiographic control.
The case of diagnosis of the left and right atria giant myxomas
Authors: O. V. Bevz  , A. B. Hayduk  , L. V. Yushchyk  , O. I. Berlinec  , Yu. I. Kopelyuk  , O. S. Romanyshyn  , V. S. Moroz  , I. M. Bigun
Published: July 2018

A rare case of the simultaneous left and right atria giant myxomas is reported in the article. A short review of epidemiologic, morphologic and genetic features of these benign tumors is submitted in the issue. The clinical manifestations of the disease are often presented with nonspecific symptoms, so myxoma are often late diagnosed. Timely detection of the heart myxomas allows a correct choice of surgical tactics and contributes to patients’ recovery.
AGRIBISNIS SEBAGAI LANDASAN PEMERATAAN PEMBANGUNAN DI KABUPATEN BURU
Authors: PSPM-Uniqbu
Published: July 2018

Untuk mewujudkan visi pembangunan nasional tersebut ditempuh melalui delapan misi yang mencakup: (1) mewujudkan masyarakat berakhlak mulia, bermoral, beretika, berbudaya dan beradab berdasarkan falsafah Pancasila, (2) mewujudkan bangsa yang berdaya saing, (3) mewujudkan masyarakat demokratis berlandaskan hukum, (4) mewujudkan Indonesia aman, damai dan bersatu, (5) mewujudkan pemerataan pembangunan dan berkeadilan, (6) mewujudkan Indonesia asri dan lestari, (7) mewujudkan Indonesia menjadi negara kepulauan yang mandiri, maju, kuat dan berbasiskan kepentingan nasional, dan (8) mewujudkan Indonesia berperan penting dalam pergaulan dunia internasional.
Omics and plant responses to Botrytis cinerea
Authors: AbuQamar Synan , Moustafa Khaled , Tran Lam-Son
Published: July 2018

Botrytis cinerea is a dangerous plant pathogenic fungus with wide host ranges. This aggressive pathogen uses multiple weapons to invade and cause serious damages on its host plants. The continuing efforts of how to solve the “puzzle” of the multigenic nature of B. cinerea’s pathogenesis and plant defense mechanisms against the disease caused by this mold, the integration of omic approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, along with functional analysis could be a potential solution. Omic studies will provide a foundation for development of genetic manipulation and breeding programs that will eventually lead to crop improvement and protection. In this mini-review, we will highlight the current progresses in research in plant stress responses to B. cinerea using high-throughput omic technologies. We also discuss the opportunities that omic technologies can provide to research on B. cinerea-plant interactions as an example showing the impacts of omics on agricultural research.
Synthetic sugar for sustainable power
Authors: Moustafa Khaled
Published: July 2018

Energy is a major challenge for the future with important consequences on the economic and political stability, food security, water supply, energy independence, pollution, and global ecosystem. Owing to increased industrial activities and growing population, the reserve of oil and other fossil resources will become, at best, rare, and costly for extraction and commercialization.
ANALISIS DAERAH IRIGASI KATIMIN KABUPATEN SORONG
Authors: mochtar Tirsa fajrin , Pristianto Hendrik
Published: July 2018

Kabupaten Sorong berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Raja Ampat di sebalah utara dan baratnya, sedangkan sebelah selatan berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Sorong Selatan dan sebelah timur berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Manokwari, terletak pada koordinat 00o 33’ 42” – 01o 35’ 29” lintang selatan dan 130o 40’ 49” – 132o 13’ 48” bujur timur Luas wilayah Kabupaten Sorong mencapai 12.159,42 km2 yang terdiri dari daratan seluas 11.644,77 km2 dan lautan seluas 514,65 km2. . Pemerintah Indonesia melakukan usaha pembangunan di bidang pengairan yang bertujuan agar dapat langsung dirasakan oleh masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air khususnya untuk kebutuhan air di persawahan maka perlu didirikan sistem irigasi dan bangunan bendung. Kebutuhan air di persawahan ini kemudian disebut dengan kebutuhan air irigasi. Untuk irigasi, pengertiannya adalah usaha penyediaan, pengaturan dan pembuangan air irigasi untuk menunjang pertanian yang jenisnya meliputi irigasi permukaan, irigasi rawa, irigasi air bawah tanah, irigasi pompa, dan irigasi tambak. Tujuan irigasi adalah untuk memanfaatkan air irigasi yang tersedia secara benar yakni seefisien dan seefektif mungkin agar produktivitas pertanian dapat meningkat sesuai yang diharapkan. Kebutuhan air irigasi adalah jumlah volume air yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan evaporasi, kehilangan air, kebutuhan air untuk tanaman dengan memperhatikan jumlah air yang diberikan oleh alam melalui hujan dan kontribusi air tanah.
ANALISA KONDISI LAHAN PARKIR RAMAYANA MALL SORONG
Authors: Marlina Serly , Sukrisman Agus
Published: July 2018

Parkir merupakan tempat pemberhentian kendaraan di suatu kawasan atau bangunan, dimana masyarakat melakukan berbagai aktivitas . Permasalahan seperti kebutuhan ruang parkir yang melebihi kapasitas dapat terjadi, karena pusat perbelanjaan memiliki tingkat aktivitas perekonomian yang cukup tinggi sehingga kebutuhan ruang parkir juga tinggi. Tujuan dari pengamatan ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data durasi parkir kendaraan roda empat yang berada di mall Ramayana Sorong . Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung terhadap area parkir Ramayana Mall Sorong. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan adalah : 1) Dalam pengamatan yang telah dilakukan kurang lebih selama 2 jam terdapat 30 kendaraan yang belum diketahui waktu keluarnya kendaraan tersebut.2)Dari hasil pengamatan yang telah dilakukan didapat 5 kendaraan yang memiliki durasi parkir kurang dari 2 jam dan 25 kendaraan yang memiliki durasi parkir kuarng dari 1 jam.3)Rata – rata durasi parkir kendaraan roda empat yang dikendarai oleh pria yaitu 39 menit 74 detik.4)Rata – rata durasi parkir kendaraan roda empat yang dikendarai oleh wanita yaitu 45 menit 50 detik.5)Rata – rata durasi parkir kendaraan roda empat yang memiliki penumpang pria dan wanita yaitu 47 menit 15 detik.
KONDISI PRASARANA DASAR KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN SUNGAI REMU KOTA SORONG
Authors: Annas Nur Hidayah
Published: July 2018

Kota Sorong adalah sebuah Kota di Provisi Papua Barat, Indonesia. Kota ini dikenal dengan sebutan Kota Minyak, dimana Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea Petroleum Maatschappij (NNGPM) mulai melakukan aktivitas pengeboran minyak bumi di Sorong sejak tahun 1935. Sorong adalah kota terbesar di Provinsi Papua Barat serta Kota terbesar kedua di Papua Indonesia, setelah Kota Jayapura. Kepadatan penduduk adalah perbandingan jumlah penduduk dengan luas lahan. Secara umum, tingkat kepadatan penduduk adalah perbandingan banyaknya jumlah penduduk dengan luas daerah berdasarkan satuan luas tertentu. Badan Pusat Statistik mencatat pertumbuhan jiwa pada 2016 sebanyak 121.439 pria dan 111.394 perempuan. Penduduk Kota Sorong Didominasi oleh pendatang mencapai 70% sementara penduduk asli Papua berkisar 30%. Kepadatan penduduk banyak terjadi didaerah kawan kumuh. Kawasan kumuh adalah sebuah kawasan dengan tingkat populasi tinggi disebuah Kota yang umumnya dihuni oleh rakyat miskin. Kawasan kumuh dapat ditemui diberbagai Kota besar di Dunia. Tujuan pembuatan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi prasarana dasar kawasan permukiman sungai remu Kota Sorong seperti jalan, air bersih, drainase, persampahan, dan air limbah. Kondisijalan yang ada cukup memenuhi hanya jalannya sudah mengalami kerusakan ringan. Air bersih yang ada kurang memenuhi karena sebagian besar menggunakan air dari PDAM dan air dari PDAM mengalir seminggu 2 kali dengan kualitas yang buruk. Drainase yang ada kurang memenuhi karena kondisi drainase perumahan terlalu kecil yang membuat air tergenang karena elevasi yang kurang tepat sehingga menjadi sarang nyamuk dan sebagian drainase terputus. Persampahan kurang memenuhi karena TPS terlalu jauh dari permukiman dan kontener yang disiapkan terlalu sedikit. Air Limbah kurang memenuhi karena limbah rumah tangga di alirkan kesungai dan membuat air sungai tercemar hingga tidak ramah lingkungan.
Even in the remote South Pacific, fish are eating plastic – and so are the people who eat those fish
Authors: Open Communications for The Ocean OCTO
Published: July 2018

Plastics are universally associated with pollutants. Chemicals like bisphenol-A (BPA) and phthalates are commonly bonded to plastics during manufacturing. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) often adsorb onto plastics from surrounding waters when they are released into the ocean. Fish have been shown to ingest plastic and integrate these adsorbed pollutants into their tissues. Since fish are commonly served for human consumption, there are potential risks to human health and development from eating contaminated fish.
Does a good cop really never get wet? The impact of weather on stop and frisk
Authors: Ashby Matthew P J , Tompson Lisa
Published: July 2018

The study of discretionary police activity has largely focused on the demographic characteristics (particularly ethnicity) of the parties involved. This study proposes a police action model that facilitates a more-holistic analysis of individual and situational influences on police actions. This model is used to generate hypotheses about the relationship between police stop and search/frisk and weather (temperature and precipitation) in London and New York City. After controlling for other situational factors (such as public holidays and special events) and for the frequency of street crime, increasing temperatures are associated with small increases in police stops, while precipitation (rain and snow) is associated with substantial decreases. These relationships disappear, however, when stops conducted indoors (e.g. in shopping malls) are modeled. This research suggests that analysis of discretionary police activity should consider the influence of the environment as well as other factors.
‘Why would you referee?’: An {auto}ethnographic account of a football official.
Authors: Ing Charles , Mills John Paul
Published: July 2018

Adopting a creative yet novel autoethnographic approach, this study explores the experiences of the first author, a newly qualified footballing official. In doing so, the study provides a first person account to showcase the realities of refereeing whereby adding to a small pool of refereeing literature in the process. That said, in providing an evocative account with a theoretical analysis, the study looks to both showcase and explain the demands associated with the position. Therefore, by constructing the said narratives in an easy to understand manner, the study looks to showcases the challenges associated with officiating to a broad audience. While, the study gives a viable explanation to why many newly qualified referees drop out from the role, the study hopes to inform and subsequently aid aspiring officials in their ongoing development.
Mental Health situation in Nepal and priorities for interventions
Authors: Rijal Anupa
Published: July 2018
The Classification of Types of Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce
Authors: Choe Jong-min
Published: July 2018

Based on the degree of information sharing between buyers and suppliers as well as the level of supplier power, we suggested a framework that can be useful for classifying
types of business to business (B2B) electronic commerce (EC) in the manufacturing
firms. According to this framework, four kinds of B2B EC were theoretically proposed,
classified, and empirically confirmed. These four are: an electronic marketplace,
electronic procurement, electronic partnerships, and electronic distribution. Many prior
studies have investigated and proposed some kinds of B2B EC. However, these studies
focused mostly on one or two types of B2B EC, and did not develop or suggest a
framework for the classification of forms of B2B EC. The framework constructed in
this research can be utilized variously. Specifically, when a firm wants to initiate B2B
EC with its suppliers, this framework can help a firm to decide and select an appropriate
kind of B2B EC. This framework can also be applied to evaluate whether the proper
form of B2B EC has been adopted or not.
Prediction of cavernous sinus invasion in patients with Cushing’s disease by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mastorakos Panagiotis , Taylor Davis G. , Chen Ching-Jen , Buell Thomas , Donahue Joseph H. , Jane John A.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

Cavernous sinus invasion (CSI) in Cushing’s disease (CD) negatively affects the probability of complete resection, biochemical cure, and need for adjuvant therapy. However, the prediction of CSI based on MRI findings has been inconsistent and variable. Among macroadenomas, the Knosp classification is the most widely utilized radiographic predictor of CSI, but its accuracy in predicting CSI and the probability of gross-total resection is limited in the setting of microadenomas or Knosp grade 0–2 macroadenomas. The authors noticed that the presence of a triangular shape of adenomas adjacent to the cavernous sinus on coronal MR images is frequently associated with CSI. The authors aimed to determine the correlation of this radiographic finding (“sail sign” [SS]) with CSI.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of all patients with a pituitary lesion < 20 mm and a biochemical diagnosis of CD treated with endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal resection from November 2007 to May 2017. Overall 185 patients with CD were identified: 27 were excluded for negative preoperative imaging, 32 for lacking tumors adjacent to the sinus, 7 for Knosp grade 3 or higher, and 4 for inadequate intraoperative assessment of the CSI. Following application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 115 cases were available for statistical analysis. Intraoperative CSI was prospectively evaluated at the time of surgery by one of two neurosurgical attending surgeons, and MRI data were evaluated retrospectively by a neurosurgical resident and attending neuroradiologist blinded to the intraoperative results.

RESULTS

A positive SS was identified in 23 patients (20%). Among patients with positive SS, 91% demonstrated CSI compared to 10% without an SS (p < 0.001). Using the SS as a predictor of CSI provided a sensitivity of 0.7 and a specificity of 0.98, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.91 and a negative predictive value of 0.9. Among patients with positive SS, 30% did not achieve immediate postoperative remission, compared to 3.3% of patients without an SS (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of a positive SS among Cushing’s adenomas adjacent to the CS provides strong PPV, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio for the prediction of CSI. This can be a useful tool for preoperative planning and for predicting the likelihood of long-term biochemical remission and the need for adjuvant radiosurgery.
Endoscopic surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: a 16-year single-center experience
Authors: Dalle Ore Cecilia L. , Dilip Monisha , Brandel Michael G. , McIntyre Joyce K. , Hoshide Reid , Calayag Mark , Gosman Amanda A. , Cohen Steven R. , Meltzer Hal S.
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

In this paper the authors review their 16-year single-institution consecutive patient experience in the endoscopic treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with an emphasis on careful review of any associated treatment-related complications and methods of complication avoidance, including preoperative planning, intraoperative management, and postoperative care and follow-up.

METHODS

A retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients undergoing endoscopic, minimally invasive surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis at Rady Children’s Hospital from 2000 to 2015. All patients were operated on by a single neurosurgeon in collaboration with two plastic and reconstructive surgeons as part of the institution’s craniofacial team.

RESULTS

Two hundred thirty-five patients underwent minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis from 2000 to 2015. The median age at surgery was 3.8 months. The median operative and anesthesia times were 55 and 105 minutes, respectively. The median estimated blood loss (EBL) was 25 ml (median percentage EBL 4.2%). There were no identified episodes of air embolism or operative deaths. One patient suffered an intraoperative sagittal sinus injury, 2 patients underwent intraoperative conversion of planned endoscopic to open procedures, 1 patient experienced a dural tear, and 1 patient had an immediate reexploration for a developing subgaleal hematoma. Two hundred twenty-five patients (96%) were admitted directly to the standard surgical ward where the median length of stay was 1 day. Eight patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) postoperatively, 7 of whom had preexisting medical conditions that the team had identified preoperatively as necessitating a planned ICU admission. The 30-day readmission rate was 1.7% (4 patients), only 1 of whom had a diagnosis (surgical site infection) related to their initial admission. Average length of follow-up was 2.8 years (range < 1 year to 13.4 years). Six children (< 3%) had subsequent open procedures for perceived suboptimal aesthetic results, 4 of whom (> 66%) had either coronal or metopic craniosynostosis. No patient in this series either presented with or subsequently developed signs or symptoms of intracranial hypertension.

CONCLUSIONS

In this large single-center consecutive patient series in the endoscopic treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, significant complications were avoided, allowing for postoperative care for the vast majority of infants on a standard surgical ward. No deaths, catastrophic postoperative morbidity, or evidence of the development of symptomatic intracranial hypertension was observed.
Extensive spinal epidural immature teratoma in an infant: case report
Authors: Yoshioka Fumitaka , Shimokawa Shoko , Masuoka Jun , Izaki Tomoko , Nakahara Yukiko , Kawashima Masatou , Sakata Shuji , Abe Tatsuya
Published: July 2018

Here, the authors present an extremely rare case of an extensive spinal epidural teratoma (SET) in an infant and provide a review of the cases in the literature. In this report, the authors focused on the clinical manifestation and management of extensive SET. A 64-day-old girl presented with severe dyspnea and paraparesis caused by a large thoracic mass. Imaging studies revealed that the mass originated from the epidural space of the thoracic spine and extended from C7 to L1. The tumor extended bilaterally through the intervertebral foramina and formed a large posterior mediastinal mass. The tumor was partially resected via laminotomy after an emergency thoracotomy. The remnant grade I immature teratoma grew rapidly. After a re-laminotomy and bilateral thoracotomy, the residual tumor stopped growing. However, the patient’s paraparesis improved very little, and her scoliosis progressed gradually. Therefore, SET should be included in the differential diagnosis when an infant patient with paraparesis of the lower extremities is encountered. Timely diagnosis, aggressive treatment, and close monitoring are of critical importance to successful recovery in such patients.
Severe cranial deformity following cerebrospinal fluid diversion in an adolescent with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Ho Winson S. , Jane John A.
Published: July 2018

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited connective tissue disorder that causes bone fragility and deformity. Neurological manifestations, including macrocephaly and hydrocephalus, have been reported. Increased vascular fragility or bleeding diathesis also predisposes OI patients to intracranial hemorrhage. The development of chronic subdural fluid collections or hydrocephalus may require CSF diversion. The authors report a previously unrecognized complication of CSF diversion in a patient with OI, that is, a delayed severe cranial deformity, presumably due to over-shunting. In addition to the cosmetic concern, the deformity caused severe headaches and tenderness. The patient underwent craniectomy and titanium mesh cranioplasty, which resulted in the complete resolution of symptoms. This report raises the possibility that over-shunting in patients with OI could predispose to the formation of cranial deformity requiring surgical intervention.
Цикличность как ключевое свойство функционирования богослужебно-певческой традиции
Authors: Osadchaya Svetlana
Published: July 2018

Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что религиозно-духовная музыка стала активной частью культуры, прочно вошла в слушательское сознание современного человека. Вместе с тем, присущее ей символическое содержание не может быть понято и раскрыто так, как оно того заслуживает, вне осведомленности субъекта восприятия, в том числе музыковеда, в вопросах прагматики богослужения, в его уставных требованиях, наконец, в области истории христианства и православного вероучения. Целью статьи является выявление циклических уровней православной богослужебно-певческой традиции как выражения его пространственно-временной природы, что позволяет понимать цикличность как ключевое свойство функционирования данной традиции. Научная новизна данного исследования заключается в выявлении и определении циклических уровней богослужебно-певческой традиции как выражение ее хронотопической обусловленности – пространственно-временной природы. Выводы. Цикличность, как общий принцип системообразования в православной традиции, определяющий ее внешние границы и достаточную герметичность этих границ, то есть как главная и содержательная и формальная предпосылка богослужебного пения, реализуется в Типиконе (Уставе).Ключевые слова: богослужебно-певческая традиция, канон, цикличность, циклические уровни, культ.
Музыкально-интонационная феноменология автопоэзиса артиста мюзикла.
Authors: Oganezova-Grigorenko Olga
Published: July 2018

Цель статьи – обосновать музыкально-интонационную специфику имманентного содержания автопоэзиса артиста мюзикла. Методология: исследование предполагает применение феноменологического, интонационного и компаративного методов исследования. Научная новизна: в статье анализируется имманентное содержание автопоэзиса артиста мюзикла, феноменология которого проявляется в музыкально-интонационной специфике технологического актерского процесса. Выводы: Специфика творческого процесса артиста мюзикла в том, что его психофизический аппарат выполняет профессиональную актерскую работу, основываясь на погружении в атмосферу, рожденную музыкально-интонационными впечатлениями. В мюзикле процесс вживания в роль этот процесс имеет две составляющие: начало профессионального алгоритма артиста мюзикла – «опредмечивание» чувственно-интонационного бессознательного импульса, полученного из музыкального впечатления. Самодиалог сознания артиста мюзикла, привычные для актера механизмы «вживания» в роль осуществляются уже на основе «интонационно прочувствованного» психофизическим аппаратом артиста музыкального материала. Имманентное содержание автопоэзиса артиста мюзикла обеспечивает самодиалог сознания артиста. Интонационное впечатление является основой осуществления самодиалога сознания артиста мюзикла.Ключевые слова: имманентное содержание автопоэзиса артиста мюзикла, самодиалог сознания артиста мюзикла, музыкально-интонационная специфика актерского технологического процесса.
From Groupthink to Polythink in the Yom Kippur War Decisions of 1973
Authors: Mintz Alex , Schneiderman Itai
Published: July 2018

Numerous studies on decision making in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 claim that a groupthink syndrome led to the faulty assessment and processing of information prior to the Yom Kippur War.
Diagnostic Imaging for Solid Renal Tumors: A Pictorial Review
Authors: van Oostenbrugge Tim J. , Fütterer Jurgen J. , Mulders Peter F.A.
Published: July 2018

The prognosis of renal tumors depends on histologic subtype. The increased use of abdominal imaging has resulted in an increase in the number of small renal incidentaloma in recent decades. Of these incidentally discovered tumors, 20% are benign lesions warranting conservative management, but most are renal cell carcinomas that warrant a more aggressive therapeutic approach due to their malignant potential. Dedicated diagnostic renal imaging is important for characterization of renal tumors to facilitate treatment planning. This review discusses the ability to detect and differentiate renal cell carcinoma subtypes, angiomyolipoma and oncocytoma based on ultrasound imaging, computed tomography, multiparametric magnetic resonance, and nuclear imaging.
A study on the characteristics of mobile X-ray device using supercapacitor as internal power
Authors: Kim Young-Pyo , Park Yong-Pil , Cheon Min-Woo
Published: July 2018

Mobile X-ray device is widely employed because it is useful for diagnosis in patients having mobility difficulties and in medical emergencies. As various devices for X-ray generation have continued to be developed, X-ray devices can now be used more safely and effectively. However, mobile X-ray devices generate relatively low X-ray doses due to the limitation of the power input. Therefore, the use of mobile X-ray devices is limited to thin parts of body. In this study, a new device was designed in order to increase the usefulness of mobile X-ray devices by offsetting the weaknesses of the existing mobile X-ray devices, rendering them useable independently. A supercapacitor and battery were used as the internal power source for the X-ray generation in the manufactured device. The pulse width modulation (PWM) method is applied to control the tube voltage and current required for generating the X-ray, and the pulse frequency modulation (PFM) method is applied to the control to generate the high voltage in order to enhance the precision and efficiency. The manufactured X-ray device was used to evaluate the control signal, frequency, and output characteristics according to changes in tube voltage and current. Based on the results of X-ray generation, it is confirmed that precise control was achieved by X-ray generation increases linearly with increasing tube voltage and tube current. This means that precise control of the manufactured mobile X-ray device is passible. In addition, the study confirmed that stable output was achieved by checking the tube voltage, tube current and exposure rate during the exposure times by high power condition.
Hair Testosterone and Cortisol Concentrations in Pre- and Post-Rut Roe Deer Bucks: Correlations with Blood Levels and Testicular Morphometric Parameters
Authors: Ventrella Domenico , Elmi Alberto , Barone Francesca , Carnevali Giacomo , Govoni Nadia , Bacci Maria Laura
Published: July 2018

The roe deer is a seasonally breeding species with a reproductive cycle regulated by endogenous rhythms and photoperiod-sensitivity. Sexually mature bucks show hormonal and testicular activation during the reproductive season, with a peak in the rut period, and following gradual involution. Hair is a good matrix for non-invasive endocrinological analyses that provide long-term information without being influenced by the hormones’ pulsating release patterns in blood. The aim of the work was to quantify hair concentrations of testosterone and cortisol in wild roe deer bucks hunted during the pre- and post-rut period, using a radioimmunoassay methodology, and to look for differences between the two periods. The secondary objective was the evaluation of possible correlations of such hair concentrations with blood and morphometric parameters of the testes. Both hormones showed statistical differences, with opposing trends, when comparing the two periods: testosterone increased while cortisol decreased. The correlation analysis was in agreement with existing literature regarding metabolism/actions of these hormones and testicular morphometric parameters. This study represents the first report of the use of radioimmunoassay techniques to quantify testosterone and cortisol in roe deer hair, and may provide interesting insights into their reproductive physiology.
S-allylmercaptoglutathione Is a Substrate for Glutathione Reductase (E.C. 1.8.1.7) from Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Authors: Horn Tobias , Bettray Wolfgang , Slusarenko Alan J. , Gruhlke Martin C. H.
Published: July 2018

Allicin (diallylthiosulfinate) is a potent thiol reagent and natural defense substance produced by garlic (Allium sativum) tissues when damaged. Allicin acts as a redox toxin and oxidizes the cellular glutathione (GSH) pool producing S-allylmercaptoglutathione (GSSA). The cellular enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) uses NADPH to reduce glutathione disulfide (GSSG) back to GSH and replenishes the GSH pool. It was not known whether GR could accept GSSA as a substrate. Here, we report that GR from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) shows Michaelis–Menten kinetics with GSSA as substrate in vitro (Km = 0.50 mM), but that GSSA is not as good a substrate as GSSG (Km = 0.07 mM). Furthermore, cells unable to synthesize GSH because the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1) gene is deleted, cannot grow without GSH supplementation and we show that the auxotrophic requirement for GSH in Δgsh1 mutants can be met by GSSA in the growth medium, suggesting that GSSA can be reduced to GSH in vivo.