bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Persediaan Beras Pada Perum BULOG Cabang Makassar Menggunakan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
Authors: Basri Muhammad , Natsir A Dian Sry Rezki , Rusdiansyah A.
Published: November 2023

Manajemen persediaan merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting. Tanpa manajemen persediaan yang tepat, perusahaan akan mengalami masalah di dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen baik dalam bentuk barang maupun jasa yang dihasilkan oleh perusahaan tersebut. Perum BULOG Cabang Makassar merupakan perusahaan yang salah satu lini yang dimilikinya bergerak dalam penjualan logistik pangan khususnya pada komoditi beras. Tentunya persediaan beras adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting pada perusahaan ini untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan. Permasalahan di Perum BULOG Cabang Makassar yaitu belum efisiennya manajemen persediaan beras dan belum diketahuinya jumlah pembelian beras yang ekonomis dalam setiap kali pengadaan, sehingga terdapat perbedaaan jumlah kebutuhan dan persediaan beras pada periode Januari sampai Mei pada tahun 2022, dimana jumlah persediaan lebih tinggi dari jumlah kebutuhan. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya penumpukan beras dan dapat menambah biaya penyimpanan. Karena itu perlu dilakukan manajemen persediaan untuk meminimalisir penumpukan beras dan biaya persediaan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Hasil pengolahan data didapatkan bahwa untuk ukuran pesanan yang ekonomis yaitu 251,47 ton dengan persediaan rata-rata sebanyak 125,74 ton dan pesanan per periode sebanyak 1,92 dibulatkan menjadi 2 kali serta total biaya persediaaan sebesar Rp. 2.694.529.
Penerapan Metode Exponential Smoothing dan Moving Average Dalam Menentukan Jumlah Produksi Benur pada PT. Esaputlii Prakarsa Utama
Authors: Basri Muhammad , Lestari Rianti Indah , M Erlangga Anugrah
Published: November 2023

PT. Esaputlii Prakarsa Utama (Benur Kita) merupakan perusahaan yang menghasilkan benih udang Vannamei dan benih ikan bandeng sejak tahun 1984. Perusahaan ini menerapkan model produksi make to stock dimana barang diproduksi terlebih dahulu sebelum ada pesanan yang masuk. Dalam proses perencanaan dan pengendalian produksi, perusahaan mengalami permasalahan yaitu tingkat produksi benur lebih besar daripada pesanan. Benur yang melebihi standar stadia (ukuran) untuk panen, juga menjadi permasalahan. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak benur yang terbuang akibat tidak adanya tempat penampungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jumlah produksi benur pada PT. Esaputlii Prakarsa pada periode selanjutnya yaitu bulan Juli 2022. Metode peramalan yang digunakan yaitu metode Exponential Smoothing dan Moving Average. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, maka dapat diperoleh metode yang optimal digunakan dalam peramalan pada perusahaan ini yaitu metode Moving Average karena menghasilkan nilai tingkat kesalahan terkecil yaitu MAD = 9401,25; MSE = 171476400; MAPE = 7%. Adapun jumlah produksi benur yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 139.025 bungkus.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGELOLAAN ASET DAERAH BERUPA TANAH OLEH BADAN PENGELOLA KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH (BPKAD) KOTA PEKANBARU BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 27 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN BARANG MILIK NEGARA/DAERAH
Authors: ASNAWI EDDY , AZMI BAHRUN , DARYANTO PUJI
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan Pasal 42 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 27 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara/Daerah diatur bahwa Kepala Daerah sebagai pemegang kekuasaan pengelolaan barang milik daerah wajib melakukan pengamanan barang milik daerah yang meliputi pengamanan administrasi, pengamanan fisik, dan pengamanan hukum. Namun, terdapat beberapa bidang tanah yang merupakan aset daerah milik Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru saat ini dikuasai oleh pihak lain tanpa izin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan Pasal 43 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 27 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara/Daerah ditegaskan bahwa barang milik daerah berupa tanah harus disertipikatkan atas nama pemerintah daerah. Implementasi pengelolaan aset daerah berupa tanah oleh Badan Pengelola Keuangandan Aset Daerah Kota Pekanbaru belum terlaksana dengan baik. Hambatannya adalah lemahnya pendataan dan inventarisasi aset daerah Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru yang dilakukan oleh Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Pekanbaru serta terbatasnya jumlah pegawai yang bertugas melakukan inventarisasi aset daerah pada Bidang Pengelolaan Aset. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Pekanbaru adalah melakukan pendataan ulang dan inventarisasi semua aset-aset daerah Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru, baik yang masih digunakan maupun yang sudah tidak digunakan lagi.
The shared and unique neural correlates of personal semantic, general semantic, and episodic memory
Authors: Tanguay Annick FN , Palombo Daniela J , Love Brittany , Glikstein Rafael , Davidson Patrick SR , Renoult Louis
Published: November 2023

One of the most common distinctions in long-term memory is that between semantic (i.e., general world knowledge) and episodic (i.e., recollection of contextually specific events from one’s past). However, emerging cognitive neuroscience data suggest a surprisingly large overlap between the neural correlates of semantic and episodic memory. Moreover, personal semantic memories (i.e., knowledge about the self and one’s life) have been studied little and do not easily fit into the standard semantic-episodic dichotomy. Here, we used fMRI to record brain activity while 48 participants verified statements concerning general facts, autobiographical facts, repeated events, and unique events. In multivariate analysis, all four types of memory involved activity within a common network bilaterally (e.g., frontal pole, paracingulate gyrus, medial frontal cortex, middle/superior temporal gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate, angular gyrus) and some areas of the medial temporal lobe. Yet the four memory types differentially engaged this network, increasing in activity from general to autobiographical facts, from autobiographical facts to repeated events, and from repeated to unique events. Our data are compatible with a component process model, in which declarative memory types rely on different weightings of the same elementary processes, such as perceptual imagery, spatial features, and self-reflection.
Rapid cloning-free mutagenesis of new SARS-CoV-2 variants using a novel reverse genetics platform
Authors: Kipfer Enja Tatjana , Hauser David , Lett Martin J , Otte Fabian , Urda Lorena , Zhang Yuepeng , Lang Christopher MR , Chami Mohamed , Mittelholzer Christian , Klimkait Thomas
Published: November 2023

Reverse genetic systems enable the engineering of RNA virus genomes and are instrumental in studying RNA virus biology. With the recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, already established methods were challenged by the large genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Herein we present an elaborated strategy for the rapid and straightforward rescue of recombinant plus-stranded RNA viruses with high sequence fidelity using the example of SARS-CoV-2. The strategy called CLEVER (CLoning-free and Exchangeable system for Virus Engineering and Rescue) is based on the intracellular recombination of transfected overlapping DNA fragments allowing the direct mutagenesis within the initial PCR-amplification step. Furthermore, by introducing a linker fragment – harboring all heterologous sequences – viral RNA can directly serve as a template for manipulating and rescuing recombinant mutant virus, without any cloning step. Overall, this strategy will facilitate recombinant SARS-CoV-2 rescue and accelerate its manipulation. Using our protocol, newly emerging variants can quickly be engineered to further elucidate their biology. To demonstrate its potential as a reverse genetics platform for plus-stranded RNA viruses, the protocol has been successfully applied for the cloning-free rescue of recombinant Chikungunya and Dengue virus.
ThermoMaze: A behavioral paradigm for readout of immobility-related brain events
Authors: Vöröslakos Mihály , Zhang Yunchang , McClain Kathryn , Huszár Roman , Rothstein Aryeh , Buzsáki György
Published: November 2023

Brain states fluctuate between exploratory and consummatory phases of behavior. These state changes affect both internal computation and the organism’s responses to sensory inputs. Understanding neuronal mechanisms supporting exploratory and consummatory states and their switching requires experimental control of behavioral shifts and collecting sufficient amounts of brain data. To achieve this goal, we developed the ThermoMaze, which exploits the animal’s natural warmth-seeking homeostatic behavior. By decreasing the floor temperature and selectively heating unmarked areas, mice avoid the aversive state by exploring the maze and finding the warm spot. In its design, the ThermoMaze is analogous to the widely used water maze but without the inconvenience of a wet environment and, therefore, allows the collection of physiological data in many trials. We combined the ThermoMaze with electrophysiology recording, and report that spiking activity of hippocampal CA1 neurons during sharp-wave ripple events encode the position of the animal. Thus, place-specific firing is not confined to locomotion and associated theta oscillations but persist during waking immobility and sleep at the same location. The ThermoMaze will allow for detailed studies of brain correlates of immobility, preparatory-consummatory transitions and open new options for studying behavior-mediated temperature homeostasis.
Exonuclease Xrn1 regulates TORC1 signaling in response to SAM availability
Authors: McGinnis Madeline M. , Sutter Benjamin M. , Jahangiri Samira , Tu Benjamin P.
Published: November 2023

Autophagy is a conserved process of cellular self-digestion that promotes survival during nutrient stress. In yeast, methionine starvation is sufficient to induce autophagy. One pathway of autophagy induction is governed by the SEACIT complex, which regulates TORC1 activity in response to amino acids through the Rag GTPases Gtr1 and Gtr2. However, the precise mechanism by which SEACIT senses amino acids and regulates TORC1 signaling remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify the conserved 5’-3’ RNA exonuclease Xrn1 as a surprising and novel regulator of TORC1 activity in response to methionine starvation. This role of Xrn1 is dependent on its catalytic activity, but not on degradation of any specific class of mRNAs. Instead, Xrn1 modulates the nucleotide-binding state of the Gtr1/2 complex, which is critical for its interaction with and activation of TORC1. This work identifies a critical role for Xrn1 in nutrient sensing and growth control that extends beyond its canonical housekeeping function in RNA degradation and indicates an avenue for RNA metabolism to function in amino acid signaling into TORC1.
The exocyst complex controls multiple events in the pathway of regulated exocytosis
Authors: Suárez Freire Sofía , Perez-Pandolfo Sebastián , Fresco Sabrina Micaela , Valinoti Julián , Sorianello Eleonora , Wappner Pablo , Melani Mariana
Published: November 2023

Eukaryotic cells depend on exocytosis to direct intracellularly synthesized material toward the extracellular space or the plasma membrane, so exocytosis constitutes a basic function for cellular homeostasis and communication between cells. The secretory pathway includes biogenesis of secretory granules (SGs), their maturation and fusion with the plasma membrane (exocytosis), resulting in release of SG content to the extracellular space. The larval salivary gland of Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent model for studying exocytosis. This gland synthesizes mucins that are packaged in SGs that sprout from the trans-Golgi network and then undergo a maturation process that involves homotypic fusion, condensation, and acidification. Finally, mature SGs are directed to the apical domain of the plasma membrane with which they fuse, releasing their content into the gland lumen. The exocyst is a hetero-octameric complex that participates in tethering of vesicles to the plasma membrane during constitutive exocytosis. By precise temperature-dependent gradual activation of the Gal4-UAS expression system, we have induced different levels of silencing of exocyst complex subunits, and identified three temporarily distinctive steps of the regulated exocytic pathway where the exocyst is critically required: SG biogenesis, SG maturation, and SG exocytosis. Our results shed light on previously unidentified functions of the exocyst along the exocytic pathway. We propose that the exocyst acts as a general tethering factor in various steps of this cellular process.
The embryonic role of juvenile hormone in the firebrat, Thermobia domestica, reveals its function before its involvement in metamorphosis
Authors: Truman James W , Riddiford Lynn M , Konopova Barbora , Nouzova Marcela , Noriega Fernando G , Herko Michelle
Published: November 2023

To gain insights into how juvenile hormone (JH) came to regulate insect metamorphosis, we studied its function in the ametabolous firebrat, Thermobia domestica. Highest levels of JH occur during late embryogenesis, with only low levels thereafter. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments show that JH acts on embryonic tissues to suppress morphogenesis and cell determination and to promote their terminal differentiation. Similar embryonic actions of JH on hemimetabolous insects with short germ band embryos indicate that JH’s embryonic role preceded its derived function as the postembryonic regulator of metamorphosis. The postembryonic expansion of JH function likely followed the evolution of flight. Archaic flying insects were considered to lack metamorphosis because tiny, movable wings were evident on the thoraces of young juveniles and their positive allometric growth eventually allowed them to support flight in late juveniles. Like in Thermobia, we assume that these juveniles lacked JH. However, a postembryonic reappearance of JH during wing morphogenesis in the young juvenile likely redirected wing development to make a wing pad rather than a wing. Maintenance of JH then allowed wing pad growth and its disappearance in the mature juvenile then allowed wing differentiation. Subsequent modification of JH action for hemi- and holometabolous lifestyles are discussed.
Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
Authors: Warner Ross M. , Yang Jun , Drake Andrew , Lee Youngjoo , Nemanic Sarah , Scott David , Higgins Adam Z.
Published: November 2023

Organ cryopreservation would revolutionize transplantation by overcoming the shelf-life limitations of conventional organ storage. To prepare an organ for cryopreservation, it is first perfused with cryoprotectants (CPAs). These chemicals can enable vitrification during cooling, preventing ice damage. However, CPAs can also cause toxicity and osmotic damage. It is a major challenge to find the optimal balance between protecting the cells from ice and avoiding CPA-induced damage. In this study, we examined the organ perfusion process to shed light on phenomena relevant to cryopreservation protocol design, including changes in organ size and vascular resistance. In particular, we compared perfusion of kidneys (porcine and human) with CPA in either hypotonic or isotonic vehicle solution. Our results demonstrate that CPA perfusion causes kidney mass changes consistent with the shrink-swell response observed in cells. This response was observed when the kidneys were relatively fresh, but disappeared after prolonged warm and/or cold ischemia. Perfusion with CPA in a hypotonic vehicle solution led to a significant increase in vascular resistance, suggesting reduced capillary diameter due to cell swelling. This could be reversed by switching to perfusion with CPA in isotonic vehicle solution. Hypotonic vehicle solution did not cause notable osmotic damage, as evidenced by low levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the effluent, and it did not have a statistically significant effect on the delivery of CPA into the kidney, as assessed by computed tomography (CT). Overall, our results show that CPA vehicle solution tonicity affects organ size and vascular resistance, which may have important implications for cryopreservation protocol design.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma-specific prognostic signature and drug sensitive subtypes based on programmed cell death-related genes
Authors: Xu Chengbo , Xu Hongfang , Liu Baimei
Published: November 2023

Background

As a complex group of malignancies, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. This study aims to establish a reliable clinical classification and gene signature for HNSC prognostic prediction and precision treatments.

Methods

A consensus clustering analysis was performed to group HNSC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database based on genes linked to programmed cell death (PCD). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes were identified using the “limma” R package. The TCGA prognostic signature and PCD-related prognostic genes were found using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis. The robustness of the LASSO analysis was validated using datasets GSE65858 and GSE41613. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test, Western blot, and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to evaluate the expression and viability of prognostic genes.

Results

Four molecular subtypes were identified in PCD-related genes. Subtype C4 had the best prognosis and the highest immune score, while subtype C1 exhibited the most unfavorable outcomes. Three hundred shared DEGs were identified among the four subtypes, and four prognostic genes (CTLA4, CAMK2N1, PLAU and CALML5) were used to construct a TCGA-HNSC prognostic model. High-risk patients manifested poorer prognosis, more inflammatory pathway enrichment, and lower immune cell infiltration. High-risk patients were more prone to immune escape and were more likely to be resistant to Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil. Prognosis prediction was validated in external datasets. The expression of CTLA4, CAMK2N1, PLAU and CALML5 was enhanced in CAL-27 and SCC-25 cell lines, and CALML5 inhibited CAL-27 and SCC-25 cell viability.

Conclusion

This study shares novel insights into HNSC classification and provides a reliable PCD-related prognostic signature for prognosis prediction and treatment for patients with HNSC.
What’s with the Attitude? Unravelling the Dynamics of Pro-Environmental Action in India
Authors: Salim Fazli , Khan Azizuddin
Published: November 2023

Environmental degradation has become one of the most significant threats for humanity. Insights on individual’s pro-environmental actions remain insufficiently investigated in India.

The study aims to explore the effect of attitude, injunctive and descriptive norms, self-efficacy, controllability and behavioural intentions on individual’s pro-environmental action. Drawing on a sample of individuals from India (n = 308), the study conducts multilinear regression and correlation analysis to explore the association between the variables. The results indicate that individual pro-environmental action is significantly affected by behavioural intentions, descriptive and injunctive norms. In contrast, attitude show a close-to-significant impact, while self-efficacy and controllability show negligible effects. Overall, these factors explain 35.6% of the variance in individual pro-environmental action. The present analysis provides an important overview of pro-environmental actions in India, essential in addressing environmental degradation. The study end by highlighting the necessity of localised research, and advancement of research in pro-environmental action in India.
Phenomenological Study of Budget Management at the Jambi City Education Office
Authors: Yosefa Anti , Firman  , Ali Rd. M.
Published: November 2023

Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 13 of 2006 concerning Guidelines for Regional Financial Management states that every regional government agency must prepare and determine a cash budget useful for controlling cash inflows and outflows and functions as a target for budget absorption. This research attempts to describe the phenomenon of budget management at the Jambi City Education Office. The approach used in this research is qualitative, with data collection methods carried out through semi-structured interviews. Data validity is guaranteed through the reliability of the interview instrument and the triangulation process. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive critical analysis techniques. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that: (1) in the Jambi City Education Department, there has been a trend of decreasing percentage of budget absorption over the last three years since the 2020 budget year, 2021 budget year and 2022 budget year respectively at 93.37%, 91.19% and 87.79% of the budget target, (2) there is a trend of decreasing ideality in the comparison of the operational expenditure budget) OB and direct expenditure (DE) over the last three years. This research has implications for strengthening regulations and developing human resources at the Jambi City Education Office to support the optimization of education budget absorption.
Viral Load Pattern of HIV Positive Children and Adolescents Attending a Paediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic in Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Nwolisa Emeka Charles , Ikejiaku Udochukwuka , Ezeogu Joseph , Asinobi Kingsley , Emerenini Franklin Chime , Alaoma Kawa , Ezenwa Emmanuel
Published: November 2023

Background: The Viral load (VL) test measures the number of copies of HIV RNA in one milliliter of blood and is the preferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) monitoring strategy. Viral suppression is defined as patients having ≤ 1000 copies of viral RNA/ml of blood.

Methods/Materials: This study involved the retrospective review of viral load test result of patients aged 2-19years living with HIV/AIDS and enrolled in the treatment programme of the Paediatric infectious diseases clinic of the Federal University Teaching hospital Owerri.

Results: 117 patients met the inclusion criteria and 103 were virally suppressed giving a suppression rate of 88%. Majority of those virally suppressed were in the 15-19 age group. A logistic regression analysis to ascertain the impact of age, gender, drug regimen, and duration on ARTs on the likelihood of viral suppression showed that age, gender, and drug regimen were not significant predictors of viral suppression (p > 0.05). However, duration on ARTs was a significant predictor (p < 0.01), with patients who had been on ARTs for greater than 24 months having higher odds of viral suppression (OR = 5.42, 95% CI = 1.84-15.93) compared to those who had been on ARTs for 0-6 months.

Conclusion: Our study provides important insights into the viral load pattern of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Owerri. It highlights the importance of early initiation of ART, adherence to ART regimen, and routine viral load monitoring to achieve and maintain viral suppression.
Use of Tissue Culture for Propagation of Banana Variety Grand Naine (Musa acuminata)
Authors: Singh Avinash Kumar , Sharma Aarti , Chhavi  , Singh Akanksha
Published: November 2023

The present experiment was conducted in sword suckers of the Grand Naine variety of bananas to estimate a perfect blend of different growth hormones used to initiate explants' proliferation and shoot growth in the micropropagation of bananas. In the experiment, we concluded that the explants survival rate increased when they were treated with 0.1 and 0.2 percent of HgCl2 for a period of 8 and 6 minutes respectively. Six different compositions of growth media or treatments were used to initiate the proliferation of explants and further shoot growth. Among the six treatments, MS +6 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA (T5) gave excellent results, comparatively. For rooting all the explants were treated with the same media composition of IAA at a concentration of 0.1mg/l and activated charcoal, which proved an adequate blend for root imitation. Primary and Secondary hardening processes are carried out in greenhouse using soil-rite as growth media and in the shade house by using press mud and sand in a 1:1 ratio as growth media. Plantlets were established in the field following the second hardening.
Effect of Cassia sieberiana DC (Fabaceae) on α-amylase and α-Glucosidase and Diabetes Treatment Trial in Rats
Authors: Sadat Baba O. Zeine Mohamed Anouar , Marcelin Kouassi Konan Armand , Denis Bedou Kouassi , Angèle Edjeme-Ake , Hmeyada Abdellahi Mohamed Vall , Salihi Ahmedou Mohamed Vadel , Joseph Djaman Allico , Jean-David N’guessan
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disease caused by a disturbance in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. It constitutes a public health problem whose major symptom is chronic hyperglycemia. The present study aims to assess the inhibitory effect of aqueous root extract of Cassia sieberiana (AECs) on two glycosidases, as well as its anti-diabetic potential in Wistar rats.

Study Design: Experimental Design.

Place and Duration of Study: Biology and Health Laboratory, Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, is the place where this study was carried out. The work was conducted from November 2022 to February 2023.

Methodology: The inhibitory effect of AECs on α-amylase and α-glucosidase was determined in vitro by measuring its ability to block the activity of these enzymes in the presence of their substrate. As for anti-diabetic activity, this was assessed in Wistar rats during experimental alloxane-induced diabetes. Diabetic rats were then treated with AECs at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg bw and glibenclamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg bw for three weeks.

Results: AECs exerts weak inhibitory effect on α-amylase activity (IC50 = 3.41x104 mg/mL) compared to its effect on α-glucosidase activity (IC50 =7.31x10-2 mg/mL). However, this inhibitory effect is lower than that of acarbose (IC50 = 3.13x10-4 mg/mL). In addition, treatment of diabetic rats reduced hyperglycemia by 38.75%, 55.48% and 63.55% in rats receiving AECs at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg bw and glibenclamide respectively. In addition, changes in lipid, hepatic and renal profiles, and weight loss in diabetic rats were corrected by this extract.

Conclusion: AECs inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity, but this effect is better with α-glucosidase. This extract is also able to reduce glycemia in diabetic rats and regulate certain parameters linked to complications associated with diabetes.
Effect of Nano Nitrogen and Nano Zinc on the Growth and Yield of Sweetcorn
Authors: Sengupta Rivu , Sahu Gayatri , Pradhan P. P. , Pal A. K.
Published: November 2023

Aim: To study the effect of nano nitrogen and nano zinc on the growth and yield of sweetcorn (variety KSP-5389) in Inceptisol of Odisha.

Experimental design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and eight treatments. The treatments details were T1-Absolute control, T2- RDF (Recommended dose of N: P2O5: K2O :: 80: 40: 40), T3- RDF + Zn @ 5 kg ha-1 , T4- 50 % N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage), T5- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling), T6- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling) + Zn foliar spray (Silking stage), T7- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling) + Zn foliar spray (Silking+Milking), T8- N spray ( Veg+ Tasselling ) + Zn spray (Silking+ Dough). P & K was common to all treatment except control.

Place and duration of study:  A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season, February 2022 at khujimahal, Chandaka, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar Odisha.

Results: The results showed that highest biological yield (1685 kgha-1) was found in the application of (50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two foliar spray of nano Zn @4ml L-1 at silking and milking stage). Whereas lowest cobyield (691 kg ha-1) was observed in absolute control. Compare with recommended dose of fertilizer with Zn, the application of 50% N with Nano N and Nano Zn as double foliar spray, the yield was increased by 41% whereas 26% yield increase by single foliar application of nano Zn.

Conclusion: Highest harvest index HI was found in the application of 50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two sprays of nano Zn @4 ml L-1 at silking and milking stage and lowest in control. Application of 50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two spray of nano Zn @4ml l-1 at silking and dough stage (T8) helps in increasing the yield of sweet corn as well as nutrient concentration and nutrient uptake followed by T7 (50 % N + N foliar spray at vegetative stage @ 4ml l-1 + Zn spray at Silking and Milking stage).
Effect of Various Organic and Inorganic Formulations on Fruit Setting and Yield in Mango cv. Kesar
Authors: Ramoliya M. P. , Chaudhari Mani N. , Butani A. M. , Dodiya K. D.
Published: November 2023

The present experiment was carried out at Fruit Research Station, Sakkarbaugh, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat). The results of the study indicated that the spraying of monopotassium phosphate 2 % + Boron 0.8 % + Panchgavya 3 %  was found effective in fruit setting where as spraying of KNO3 2 % + NAA 50 ppm + Jeevamrut  5 % exhibited the minimum fruit drop at marble stage (58.89 %), harvest stage (49.44 %), maximum fruit retention (48.89 %), maximum number of fruits per panicle (2.08), maximum number of fruits per tree (88) and highest fruit yield (13.57 kg/tree and 3.76 t/ha).
Evaluation for Parental Polymorphism and Identification of Microsatellites Linked to Drought Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Shankar C.  , Abida P. S.  , Joseph Jiji , Francies Rose Mary , Mathew Deepu , Beena R.
Published: November 2023

Aims: To identify the ready-to-use polymorphic microsatellite markers associated with drought tolerance for marker-assisted backcross breeding through a polymorphism survey between Jyothi and Chuvannamodan rice varieties.

Place and Duration of Study: Centre for plant biotechnology and molecular biology, Thrissur, Kerala, India, during January to May 2023.

Methodology: The genomic DNA of Jyothi and Chuvannamodan was isolated by following CTAB (Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method with modification. Isolated DNA from both varieties was subjected to PCR amplification using 208 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) primer pairs distributed in 12 chromosomes. The amplified PCR products were electrophoresed in 3% agarose gel and separated fragments were visualized and documented in the Gel Documentation System. Different allele sizes produced by the same SSRs primers between two varieties are identified as polymorphic markers. Polymorphism per-cent was calculated, and frequency distribution and chromosome distribution of polymorphic markers were analyzed.

Results: A total of 208 SSR primers were surveyed for the parental polymorphism. Out of which, 85 SSR primers exhibited clear polymorphism between Jyothi and Chuvannamodan and the remaining 123 were monomorphic primers. The amplicon size ranged from 83bp (RM430) to 495bp (RM18919) among the different primers. The survey revealed maximum parental polymorphism on chromosome 4 (69.23%), followed by chromosome 5 (64.28%), and minimum polymorphism on chromosome 8 (21.73%). The average per cent of polymorphism between the parents was 40.86%. Among the 85 polymorphic markers, 66 had dinucleotide repeats, 17 had trinucleotide repeats, and 1 had tetranucleotide repeats.

Markers with dinucleotide repeats showed higher level of polymorphism. A group of 28 polymorphic markers were identified to be linked with traits including root-related traits, grain yield, leaf rolling and leaf drying under drought conditions.

Conclusion: The polymorphic markers identified in the present study form the basis for tagging drought-tolerant QTLs/genes, fine mapping of those genes, and subsequently in marker-assisted breeding programs. The polymorphic markers linked with the QTLs for grain yield under drought can be pyramided in Jyothi through marker-assisted backcross breeding.
Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Combined with Dietary Intervention on Childhood Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Seif Ebtesam Ragab , Hamam Mohammed Amr , El-Shafiey Rasha Mohammed Gamal , Attia Gihan Farouk , El-Sawy Doaa Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Background: Obesity is one of the multifactorial diseases associated with numerous cardiometabolic comorbidity conditions and insulin resistance (IR).  Modifying the lifestyle, like following healthy nutrition in addition to physical activity, is considered one of the main strategies for obesity management. Besides various treatment options, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation is suggested as a potential solution to alleviate several obesity-related issues. The work aimed: to assess the effects of omega-3 PUFAs in combination with dietary intervention on BMI and IR in children with obesity. Subjects and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled longitudinal study was carried out on sixty children & adolescents suffering from obesity with a BMI of ≥95th percentile for sex and age. They were categorized into 2 groups (thirty children in each group): group A received oral omega-3 PUFAs in addition to a dietary intervention for six months, and group B received only a dietary intervention during the same period. Another thirty healthy children & adolescents having BMI ranging from 5th to 85th percentile for sex and age were matched with the obese children groups for sex and age and served as controls. All participants included in the study underwent a history taking, thorough clinical assessment, anthropometric measurement, and various investigations such as ALT, AST, CRP, lipid profile, HOMA-IR, serum adiponectin, serum leptin, and adiponectin-leptin ratio (ALR). Results: After the therapeutic interventions, group A (omega-3-supplemented) showed significant improvement in waist circumference, serum triglycerides, HDL-C, inflammatory adipokines (that included leptin, adiponectin, and ALR) as well as markers for insulin sensitivity compared to group B. Conclusion: Combining omega-3 PUFAs with dietary intervention improved various obesity-related parameters, enhancing insulin sensitivity markers and reducing inflammatory adipokines in obese children and adolescents.
Exploring the Nexus among Tourism, Information Communication Technology and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Nigeria
Authors: Alao-Owunna Ifeoluwa , Adediwura Olamide M. , Ayoade Olabisi S.
Published: November 2023

The research investigates the relationship between economic growth and tourism as well as information and communications technology (ICT) between 1995 and 2021. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) process and an enhanced Solow framework for cointegration analysis; we examine how these variables interact. The findings demonstrate that, when all three are forced to depend on one another, economic growth, foreign tourism receipts—which act as a stand-in for tourism—and mobile cellular subscriptions—which indicate the pervasiveness of ICT—all display cointegration. At the 1% level, both ICT and tourism have long-term statistically significant effects. ICT and tourism have short-run coefficients of 0.006 and 0.03 respectively. Furthermore, at the 1% level, the interaction term (LNTOUR*MCS) of tourism receipts and ICT is associated with a long-run coefficient (0.148) that indicates a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth. This finding highlights the importance of fostering the mutually beneficial interaction between the development of technology and the growth of the tourist industry as key factors in Nigeria's economic prosperity.
Mental journey to the future and memory for future thoughts during the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Migueles Seco Malen , Aizpurua Sanz Alaitz
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the production and recall of future thoughts during the COVID‐19 lockdown. Participants were free to produce future thoughts (Experiment 1) or received cues to promote production (Experiment 2), and then were asked to recall as many of the future thoughts produced as possible. The Valence (positive vs. negative) and the Event Type (personal vs. collective) thoughts were considered. In production and recall, there were no global differences between the positive and negative thoughts in Experiment 1, whereas in Experiment 2 the cues led to more positive than negative ones. More importantly, a Valence × Event Type interaction was observed in both experiments for production and recall data, indicating a positivity bias for personal and a negativity bias for collective future thinking. These findings contribute to a better understanding of mental time travel in situations as complex as the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Effect of Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis and Knee Osteoarthritis: Results From a Substudy of a Phase 3 Clinical Trial
Authors: Lane Nancy E. , Betah Donald , Deignan Cynthia , Oates Mary , Wang Zhenxun , Timoshanko Jen , Khan Aliya A. , Binkley Neil
Published: November 2023

Objective

Romosozumab is a bone‐forming agent approved for osteoporosis treatment. Here we report results of the protocol‐specified, noninferiority osteoarthritis substudy of the fracture study in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (FRAME), which evaluated the effect of romosozumab versus placebo on knee osteoarthritis in patients with a clinical history of osteoarthritis.

Methods

Women in FRAME with a history of knee osteoarthritis were eligible for enrollment in the osteoarthritis substudy; key inclusion criteria were osteoarthritis‐related signal knee pain, morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes, knee crepitus, and knee osteoarthritis confirmed by x‐ray within 12 months. The protocol‐specified outcomes were change from baseline through month 12 in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, incidence of worsening knee osteoarthritis, and treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with romosozumab versus placebo. In a post hoc analysis, percentage change from baseline to month 12 in bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed.

Results

Of 7180 women in FRAME, 347 participated in the osteoarthritis substudy (placebo, 177; romosozumab, 170). At month 12, no significant difference in progression of knee osteoarthritis was observed with romosozumab versus placebo (least squares mean total WOMAC score: –2.2 vs. –1.3; P = 0.71). Incidence of worsening symptoms of knee osteoarthritis was comparable between romosozumab (17.1%) and placebo (20.5%) (odds ratio 0.9 [95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.7]; P = 0.69). Incidence of TEAEs of osteoarthritis was numerically lower with romosozumab (13 [7.7%]) versus placebo (21 [12.0%]). BMD gains were higher with romosozumab.

Conclusion

Romosozumab treatment did not impact knee pain or function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and knee osteoarthritis and resulted in significant BMD gains in these women.
Red Phosphorus Grafted High‐Index (116) Faceted Anatase TiO2 for Z‐Scheme Photocatalytic Pure Water Splitting
Authors: Zhu Yukun , Ren Jun , Huang Guiqing , Dong Chung‐Li , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Lu Ping , Tang Hua , Liu Yiming , Shen Shaohua , Yang Dongjiang
Published: November 2023

Red phosphorus (RP) is an emerging visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst, yet the rapid charge recombination has limited photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. In this work, a Z‐scheme heterostructure with RP nanolayer coated on high‐index (116) faceted anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2@RP) is designed and fabricated via chemical vapor deposition. Compared with pristine TiO2 and RP, the optimized TiO2@RP Z‐scheme heterostructure exhibits a significantly boosted photocatalytic activity for pure water splitting, with hydrogen evolution rate reaching 12.9 µmol·h−1, under simulated solar light irradiation. The strong interfacial interaction and staggered band alignment between (116) faceted TiO2 and RP result in the formation of built‐in electric field, which can drive the directional charge migration from the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 to the valance band (VB) of RP under light irradiation, with photoelectrons and holes of high redox ability maintained at the CB of RP and the VB of TiO2, respectively. This well‐designed heterostructure greatly promotes photogenerated charge separation and migration via a direct Z‐scheme charge transfer pathway.
Facile Physicochemical Reprogramming of PEG‐Dithiolane Microgels
Authors: Nelson Benjamin R. , Kirkpatrick Bruce E. , Skillin Nathaniel P. , Di Caprio Nikolas , Lee Joshua S. , Hibbard Lea Pearl , Hach Grace K. , Khang Alex , White Timothy J. , Burdick Jason A. , Bowman Christopher N. , Anseth Kristi S.
Published: November 2023

Granular biomaterials have found widespread applications in tissue engineering, in part because of their inherent porosity, tunable properties, injectability, and 3D printability. However, the assembly of granular hydrogels typically relies on spherical microparticles and more complex particle geometries have been limited in scope, often requiring templating of individual microgels by microfluidics or in‐mold polymerization. Here, we use dithiolane‐functionalized synthetic macromolecules to fabricate photopolymerized microgels via batch emulsion, and then harness the dynamic disulfide crosslinks to rearrange the network. Through unconfined compression between parallel plates in the presence of photoinitiated radicals, we transform the isotropic microgels are transformed into disks. Characterizing this process, we find that the areas of the microgel surface in contact with the compressive plates are flattened while the curvature of the uncompressed microgel boundaries increases. When cultured with C2C12 myoblasts, cells localize to regions of higher curvature on the disk‐shaped microgel surfaces. This altered localization affects cell‐driven construction of large supraparticle scaffold assemblies, with spherical particles assembling without specific junction structure while disk microgels assemble preferentially on their curved surfaces. These results represent a unique spatiotemporal process for rapid reprocessing of microgels into anisotropic shapes, providing new opportunities to study shape‐driven mechanobiological cues during and after granular hydrogel assembly.
Cobra Hemagglutinin and cGAMP Loaded Ace‐Dex Microparticles Provide a Broadly Active and Shelf‐Stable Influenza Vaccine Platform
Authors: Hendy Dylan A. , Pena Erik S. , Batty Cole J. , Ontiveros‐Padilla Luis , III John A. Roque , Dixon Timothy A. , Middleton Denzel D. , Carlock Michael A. , Ross Ted M. , Bachelder Eric M. , Ainslie Kristy M.
Published: November 2023

Current FDA‐approved influenza vaccines are limited by variable year to year efficacy, low immunogenicity, and poor stability outside of cold‐chain storage. Polymeric microparticles can overcome many of these issues to provide an improved influenza vaccine platform. Here, an acetalated dextran microparticle platform is used to encapsulate a broadly active influenza COBRA immunogen and the adjuvant cGAMP. Microparticles are fabricated via the highly scalable electrospray method. Mice vaccinated with acetalated dextran microparticles loaded with COBRA and cGAMP produced antibodies with the ability to neutralize antigenically distinct influenza viruses. The microparticles also induced a potent cellular response against the COBRA immunogen. Finally, after storage for 3 months at 40 °C or 6 months at 24 °C, the microparticles produced as strong of an immune response as microparticles stored at −20 °C for the same amount of time. Overall, acetalated dextran microparticles provide a promising platform for a broadly active influenza vaccine.
STAG2 Regulates Homologous Recombination Repair and Sensitivity to ATM Inhibition
Authors: Zhou Jie , Nie Run‐Cong , He Zhang‐Ping , Cai Xiao‐Xia , Chen Jie‐Wei , Lin Wen‐ping , Yin Yi‐Xin , Xiang Zhi‐Cheng , Zhu Tian‐Chen , Xie Juan‐Juan , Zhang You‐Cheng , Wang Xin , Lin Peng , Xie Dan , D'Andrea Alan D , Cai Mu‐Yan
Published: November 2023

Stromal antigen 2 (STAG2), a subunit of the cohesin complex, is recurrently mutated in various tumors. However, the role of STAG2 in DNA repair and its therapeutic implications are largely unknown. Here it is reported that knockout of STAG2 results in increased double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) and chromosomal aberrations by reducing homologous recombination (HR) repair, and confers hypersensitivity to inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATMi), Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARPi), or the combination of both. Of note, the impaired HR by STAG2‐deficiency is mainly attributed to the restored expression of KMT5A, which in turn methylates H4K20 (H4K20me0) to H4K20me1 and thereby decreases the recruitment of BRCA1‐BARD1 to chromatin. Importantly, STAG2 expression correlates with poor prognosis of cancer patients. STAG2 is identified as an important regulator of HR and a potential therapeutic strategy for STAG2‐mutant tumors is elucidated.
All Carbon Helicenes and π‐Extended Helicene Derivatives
Authors: Peng Li‐Jun , Wang Xin‐Yue , Li Zhi‐Ao , Gong Han‐Yuan
Published: November 2023

Atomic precise chiral molecules with all‐hydrocarbon backbones, such as helicenes and related π‐extended derivatives, attract critical interests due to their great application potential in many fields (e. g., chiral optical materials, asymmetric catalysis, and molecular machines). Herein, the main development of these molecules in the past decade was summarizes, including enantioselective synthesis of helicenes, helicene with extension along with perpendicular to the helical axis, as well as π‐extended following both directions, namely along with helix axis and perpendicular to the helical axis direction.
C−N Bond Formation Using Paraformaldehyde as C1 Source – Recent Advances
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , Wu Jinglong , Wei Xuehong
Published: November 2023

Recently, polyformaldehyde (PFA) has been used as C1 source to synthesize a series of value‐added compounds due to its low price, stability, low level of toxicity and easy operation. Exploiting paraformaldehyde as C1 source, rather than using traditional methylation reagent to develop benign N‐methylation reactions, can be more environment‐friendly and make the chemical industry more sustainable. In this paper, the chemical transformation of polyformaldehyde and a new strategy of methylating polyformaldehyde with amine compound to methylamine compound are reviewed. These methods will provide a reference for researchers to synthesize a large number of methylamine compounds in a short reaction by using paraformaldehyde as a single carbon source.