bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introducción a MATLAB como sistema de cómputo numérico para el apoyo de cálculos y desarrollos a partir de notación matemática
Authors: Aguirre Arévalo Andrés
Published: October 2023

MATLAB MATLAB es el nombre abreviado de “MATrix LABoratory”. Es un programa para realizar cálculos numéricos con vectores y matrices, y por tanto se puede trabajar también con números escalares (tanto reales como complejos), con cadenas de caracteres y con otras estructuras de información más complejas. Siendo un lenguaje de alto rendimiento para cálculos técnicos, es al mismo tiempo un entorno y un lenguaje de programación; permite construir herramientas reutilizables, crea fácilmente funciones y programas especiales en código. (Casado, 2017).
Diseño de tostadora de cacao
Authors: Bayona Ramírez Edgar Antonio , Hernández Cavadia Julián Mateo , Carantón Nocua Dana Valentina , Rojas Avellaneda Luis Eduardo
Published: October 2023

El proceso de tostado de granos es un oficio que demanda transferencia de calor entre un medio generador de calor y un recipiente donde se deposita determinada cantidad de grano o materia prima para que con el calor recibido pierda un porcentaje de humedad y adquiera una coloración uniforme, con aroma y sabor agradable.
Social Dialects and Social Stractification: the Observer’s Paradox
Authors: Pereowei Moday Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

This work provides a concise overview of the complex interplay between social dialects and social stratification, highlighting the enigmatic concept known as the "Observer's Paradox. Social dialects, the linguistic variations influenced by an individual's social identity and background, have been a significant area of study in sociolinguistics. These dialects are not only reflections of cultural diversity but are also intimately linked to social stratification, the division of society into hierarchical layers. While the influence of social stratification on language variation is well-documented, the "Observer's Paradox" poses an intriguing challenge in this context. The "Observer's Paradox" encapsulates the dilemma where the linguistic behavior of individuals may be altered when they are aware of being observed, especially when interacting with someone from a different social stratum. This paradox complicates sociolinguistic research because it introduces an element of artificiality into data collection and analysis. When individuals modify their speech patterns in the presence of researchers, it becomes challenging to draw accurate conclusions about the genuine linguistic behavior of different social groups. This work delves into the critical relationship between social dialects and social stratification while emphasizing the impact of the "Observer's Paradox." It explores the methods and challenges faced by researchers striving to unravel the complex dynamics of language variation in stratified societies. Understanding the nuances of the "Observer's Paradox" is essential for obtaining reliable insights into the intricate web of sociolinguistic phenomena and their intersection with social hierarchy. Furthermore, this exploration underscores the importance of employing innovative and ethical research techniques to mitigate the paradox's effects and gain a deeper understanding of the social dynamics at play.
Effect of Norozak (Salvia lerrifolia) biodiesel fuel on diesel engine performance
Authors:   Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Niknejad Morteza , Hajinezhad Ahmad , Moosavian Seyed Farhan
Published: October 2023

Most energy is produced from fossil fuels, and the use of these fuels has increased over the past years. Fossil fuels are the main cause of global pollution and global warming. Using vegetable oils as alternative fuels for diesel engines is one of the ways to reduce pollutant emissions. Biodiesel from Norozak (Salvia lerrifolia) oil has been produced using a transesterification process. Biodiesel is mixed with diesel oil in different proportions B05, B10, B15, and B20. Biodiesel's physical and chemical properties are measured according to ASTM standards. A single-cylinder diesel engine is employed as the test engine in the present work. The torque, power, Special Fuel Consumption (SFC), and Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) are measured and compared with diesel oil. Torque, power, and EGT are larger, and SFC is lower for biodiesel mixture B05 than diesel fuel.
Evaluation of plastic injection molding for PA6/ABS/CaCO3 nanocomposites using Taguchi method and Moldflow simulation approach
Authors:   Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran, Baraheni Mohammad , Ghazi Esfahani Mohammad Masoud , Hajizadeh Aghdam Abolfazl
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, nanocomposites are widely used in the industry. Polymer nanocomposites are widely used in the automotive industry because they have very favorable properties. These properties, including mechanical, electrical, and thermal characteristics, change depending on the combination of materials used in composite synthesis. In this paper, the injection molding of an automobile part called a control arm protector is investigated. Since warpage and shrinkage are general and important challenges in injection molded parts, Taguchi test design and Autodesk Moldflow® simulation approach are used to find the best injection condition for the mentioned part. To perform this, PA6/ABS polymer composite combined with nano CaCO3 is used. Three main injection molding process parameters, including melt temperature, mold temperature, and injection pressure, as well as nano CaCO3 amount, are evaluated. Moreover, analysis of the gate location is investigated. In the following, an analysis of variance is conducted to identify the significant parameters. Regression correlations were also established. Finally, optimization of the process is carried out by the desirability method.
Effect of Biochar on Growth and Yield of Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata) Under Salinity Stress
Authors:   Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh, Rahaman Sadia , Ali Md. Sabuj , Mohammad Nur , Rahman Md. Ekhlasur , Nahid Md.Touhidur Rahman , Anny Sayeda Fatema Tuz Zohura , Mohsin Gazi Md. , Hossen Kawsar , Ahmed Rayhan ,   Bangladesh Agricultural University
Published: October 2023

One of the most popular vegetables worldwide is the yard long bean. Salinity is a significant environmental problem that causes lower yields in vegetable crop. Application of biochar is a crucial manure management practice that can be used to increase yard long bean production under saline conditions. An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh during the period from 1st March to 2nd June of 2022 to determine the potential of biochar on the growth and yield performance of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) under salinity stress. The experiment consisted three treatments with two levels of biochar and each replicated three times following randomized complete block design. The treatment combinations were T0= no biochar +recommended doses of chemical fertilizer (RDF), T1= biochar (3 t ha-1) +RDF, T2= biochar (6 t ha-1) + RDF respectively. The tallest plant height (33.33 cm), minimum days of flowering (29.33 days), highest chlorophyll content (63.43), maximum number of leaf (61.43) and pod (56.33) per plant, highest pod weight (17.70 g), pod length (31.77 cm), pod diameter (0.98 cm), maximum number of seeds (13.67) per pod and also yield hectare (5.49 t) were found from T2 = biochar (6 t ha-1) + RDF under the soil with 0.1 M salinity stress, whereas lowest data was found from control T0= no biochar + RDF under the soil with 0.1 M salinity stress . The findings of experiment indicated that the application of biochar at the level of 6 t ha-1+ RDF enhanced the growth and yield performance of yard long bean under salinity stress.
A gyepek tápanyagellátási-, növényvédelmi-, legeltetési- és élelmiszerbiztonsági kérdései napjainkban
Authors: Bürgés György , Nagy Bálint , Varga Zsolt , Fischl Géza
Published: October 2023

The purpose of Hungarian rangelands is looked upon in many different ways in our changing world. Environmentalists view the problem from an ecology centered point of view, while economists from an economy centered one. The third approach prefers a kind of rangeland management which can meet all expectations. Grassland and pasture management should be carried out in accordance with operative veterinary, phytosanitary, human and food safety regulations. An internationally acknowledged code includes all principles associated with these regulations. Food production will certainly gain greater significance, resulting in growing interest in rangeland management in the near future. Thus methods listed in this article should be kept in sight.
Mastering Presentation Skills: An Essential Skill for Physician Leaders
Authors: Hoque Farzana
Published: October 2023

By mastering public speaking skills, physician leaders can convey information more effectively, make a positive impact on healthcare delivery, enhance patient care, and contribute to the advancement of the medical field.
Physician Leadership, AI, and Employment Practices
Authors: Paterick Timothy
Published: October 2023

With a combination of access to large sets of training data on the internet, considerable increase in computing power, and novel breakthroughs in neural networks, AI has the potential to affect every organization and every employee.
Descriptive Study of Merdeka Curriculum Implementation at SDN 1 Telaga Biru
Authors: Husain Nurmila , Nurhayati Lia , Pongoliu Yusraningsih
Published: October 2023

The objective of the independent curriculum is to find out the results of the implementation of the independent curriculum at SDN 1 Telaga Biru. This research used a qualitative descriptive method, the informants were one school principal, two educators and five students. This research is to find out about how the implementation of the independent curriculum at SDN 1 Telaga Biru. Several techniques were used in data collection, namely: a) Observation, b) Interview, c) Documentation. The results show that in the implementation of the independent curriculum there is more emphasis on substantive material and developing student competencies according to the stages. Therefore, learning with this independent curriculum is expected to be more in-depth, not rushed, more fun and meaningful. Thus, the implementation of the Independent Curriculum is more optimal even though it has only been implemented for one year. The Independent Curriculum, still needs to be developed and improved thus it can overcome current educational problems.
Metodologias ativas com tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação no ensino e aprendizagem de anatomia humana
Authors: Da Costa Roberta Dall Agnese , Dos Santos Ana Maria Vieira , Lopes Paulo Tadeu Campos
Published: October 2023

O estudo analisou a influência das metodologias ativas com a utilização de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) no processo de ensino e aprendizagem em anatomia humana no ensino superior.  Pesquisa do tipo mista, realizada com alunos do curso de Educação Física de uma universidade privada do sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados o aplicativo WhattsApp para comunicação e para metodologias ativas, SimpleMind Free (mapas mentais) e GoConqr (Quizzes e Flashcards). Os acadêmicos avaliaram de forma positiva e produtiva a concretização das estratégias. Ao participar das atividades de aprendizagem utilizando TDIC e metodologias ativas, os estudantes tiveram melhor performance nos testes objetivos, comparado com a performance ao participar apenas de aulas expositivas e práticas (p = 0,01).
Perfil socioeconômico e avaliação da qualidade de vida de adolescentes gestantes no município de Quixadá-CE
Authors: Gonçalves Lívia Maria Silva , Gonçalves Lavínia Maria Silva , Dos Santos Isadora Oliveira , Diógenes Júnior Vágner Hérton Silva , Fontes Natasha Muniz , Paulino Marcilia Ribeiro , Carneiro Sofia Vasconcelos
Published: October 2023

Sabe-se que as mudanças hormonais, fisiológicas, psicológicas, ocorrem tanto no período gestacional como na adolescência, podendo influenciar na qualidade de vida das gestantes jovens. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil da amostra de gestantes no município de Quixadá-CE e avaliar o impacto da condição de saúde oral na qualidade de vida através do OHIP-14. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo, transversal, por meio da aplicação do questionário OHIP-14. A amostra considerada neste estudo foram 25 adolescentes gestantes, de 10 a 19 anos, em atendimento pré-natal no serviço público no município de Quixadá-CE.  Quando o impacto na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) das gestantes observou-se uma média de 17,88. Avaliou-se se havia diferenças de impactos na QVRSB em relação à renda das gestantes. Observou-se que não houve diferença, estatisticamente, significativa (p≥0,05) tanto na avaliação geral, quanto na avaliação por domínios. O escore total médio de OHIP obtido no presente estudo foi elevado, demonstrando assim o significativo impacto na qualidade de vida das adolescentes grávidas participantes do estudo, tendo os domínios “desvantagem social”, como maior contribuinte para o alto valor, seguido do “desconforto psicológico” e “incapacidade social”. Não foi observado impacto na qualidade de vida das grávidas quando comparado à renda.
BoxFactory: um jogo sério para educação empreendedora no ensino fundamental II
Authors: Vahldick Adilson , Alberton Lucas Waterkemper , De Souza Marcelo
Published: October 2023

Para construir um futuro próspero e inovador é importante incentivar desde cedo nas crianças o desenvolvimento do espírito empreendedor, despertando sua criatividade, capacidade de liderança e perseverança para enfrentar desafios e transformar ideias em realidade. Os jogos permitem que os estudantes, através de simulações sobre situações de negócio, possam desenvolver na prática algumas dessas competências. A nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) aponta na Educação Empreendedora a oferta de situações propícias a práticas interdisciplinares, promovendo no aluno um posicionamento proativo em busca da sua evolução. Nesse artigo será apresentado um jogo para dispositivos móveis para o público do Ensino Fundamental II, que abrange os conteúdos de processo produtivo, oferta e demanda como oportunidades de negócios, e fluxo de caixa. O jogo foi testado durante uma semana com 13 alunos do nono ano da Escola Básica Municipal Professor Antonio Rohden de Braço do Norte/SC. Foram realizados testes de conhecimento antes e depois do jogo, e usado o instrumento MEEGA+ Kids para avaliar a qualidade do jogo em termos de usabilidade e experiência de jogo. Os testes apresentaram uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa do conhecimento. A escala MEEGA+ resultou numa avaliação do jogo como de boa qualidade.
Educação e pandemia: a COVID-19 e seus reflexos na aprendizagem
Authors: Gaia Everton Carlos Farias , Hingel Silvio Augusto de Almeida , Ribeiro Mílvio da Silva
Published: October 2023

O artigo relaciona a pandemia da Covid-19 e Educação, para refletir as implicações na aprendizagem escolar no contexto pandêmico. Este interferiu na realidade educacional dos alunos, em todos os níveis de ensino. E, ainda refletiu no modo de fazer e de viver da sociedade moderna, a partir do ano de 2019. O conceito da pandemia de COVID-19 e o atual pensamento educacional são desenvolvidos em contraposição aos sistemas educacionais deficientes, à luz dos estudos sobre a ocorrência da pandemia e das práticas educacionais durante e após o auge dos eventos pandêmicos. Além disso, neste contexto, são exploradas de forma geral os potenciais classificações e tipologias dos sistemas educacionais frente à realidade pandêmica. A conclusão é dedicada à avaliação das implicações e desafios resultantes da pandemia de COVID-19, que deixou marcas significativas na aprendizagem e no processo educacional em nossas instituições escolares.
Análise da educação para a sustentabilidade no curso de administração de empresas à luz da aprendizagem social e organizacional
Authors: Lacerda Aline Cristiane Rocha , Cleophas Maria das Graças
Published: October 2023

Este estudo visa ampliar os debates sobre educação para a sustentabilidade, ao analisar à luz da aprendizagem social e organizacional, como o curso de administração de empresas, de uma instituição de ensino superior, de Foz do Iguaçu-PR, tem se organizado para trabalhar o tema em seu respectivo currículo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, a qual estabeleceu como estratégia o estudo de caso. A entrevista semi-estruturada, com coordenadores e professores, foi a principal técnica de coleta de dados, complementada por análises documentais. Os resultados revelaram que a instituição analisada tem se organizado para trabalhar a temática. Contudo, as disciplinas ainda estão se desenvolvendo no curso e os professores têm trabalhado a sustentabilidade de maneira correlata. Utilizam-se de estratégias de ensino diversificadas e empregam métodos tradicionais de avaliação, como provas e observação dos acadêmicos nas atividades propostas. Mesmo com o ensino fragmentado, os resultados revelaram que as atividades acadêmicas têm tornado os acadêmicos mais conscientes e interessados em contribuir com a sociedade. Tendo como maior desafio, a resistência em aprender sobre o tema. Além disso, essa pesquisa demonstrou que os professores aprendem sobre sustentabilidade nos processos de aprendizagem social que envolvem a investigação e reflexão, a experiência na prática, a preparação das aulas e a interação com os alunos.
Um modelo conceitual para drones e caminhões cooperativos inteligentes em operação logística
Authors: Avelino Bruno , Caetano Mauro , José da Silva Evandro
Published: October 2023

Drones, também conhecidos como Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), têm sido considerados o futuro do transporte aéreo para aplicações no contexto de operações logísticas. Eles podem ser usados colaborativamente com caminhões em operações que aproveitam as vantagens de cada um, comumente conhecido como Problema de Roteamento de Veículos com Drones (VRP-D) na perspectiva da pesquisa operacional. Recentemente, têm sido propostos métodos de solução para o VRP-D, porém, há uma vasta oportunidade no desenvolvimento de modelos estruturais. Com isso, esse artigo propõe um modelo conceitual a partir de uma comparação analítica do estado-da-arte em metaheurísticas. O modelo conceitual proposto considera o método exato para pequenas instâncias, já que este garante soluções ótimas, e considera o uso dos métodos heurísticos em instâncias maiores, priorizando-se o balanço entre a qualidade da solução e o tempo computacional. Essa proposta pode ser utilizada nas decisões sobre a melhor abordagem de acordo com o tamanho do problema real, podendo ser aprimorada incorporando-se outros métodos mais recentes, como hibridização e inteligência artificial.
Classificação de Imagens Utilizando Fusão de Sensores Termal e Visível
Authors: Avilez Fiedler Raoni , Bernardo Lovato Eick Francisco
Published: October 2023

Utilizando uma câmera com sensor duplo (visível e termal), este trabalho avalia a alteração na exatidão global de quatro classes de interesse utilizando-se diferentes composições de canais nas imagens analisadas. São testadas as composições RGB e RGBI (composição RGB mais canal infravermelho). Os resultados são comparados utilizando os algoritmos k vizinhos mais próximos (k-NN) e máquina de vetores de suporte (SVM). Os resultados experimentais indicam que o uso da composição RGBI aumenta a acurácia na classificação em 9,7%, no k-NN, e 1,9% no SVM.
A NEW RESEARCH ON HUMAN SKIN-LUBRICATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Wierzcholski Krzysztof , Gospodarczyk Jacek
Published: October 2023

Skin-tribology is a new scientific domain where the living human skin, lubricated by sweat, cooperates duringthe motion with the non-living surface of clothing material. Such cooperation has an important influence onthe human limbs’ functioning and, consequently, on the bio-frictions and wear effects connected with humanhealth and efficiency. This paper presents new research tendencies and their applications in the contemporaryskin-tribology domain. At first, we described and documented skin-tribology connections between variousscientific domains. In a particular case, some new phenomena are illustrated occurring during the human skinbody lubrication by sweat. For example, sweat properties are considered during the flow inside a thin gapbetween tightly fitting clothing material surfaces and the skin of the human body.This paper presents the meaning and influence of many components in human sweat on dynamic sweatviscosity, health and efficiency.The main results focus on the influence of the non-Newtonian sweat features on the dynamic sweat viscosityvariations across the film thickness in the thin sweat layer and on the load carrying capacity of human limbsand the human Basal Metabolic Rate with Metabolic Age.
FIXED POINT RESULTS FOR MULTI-VALUED GRAPH CONTRACTIONS ON A SET ENDOWED WITH TWO METRICS
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca & Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania, Petrușel A. , Petrușel G. ,   Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: October 2023

In this paper we will study existence, uniqueness and data depen­dence of the fixed points of multi-valued operators on a set endowed with two metrics. The case of multi-valued graph contractions is con­sidered. Then, an extension to a more general contraction type condi­tion is also given.
STRONG STATIONARITY FOR THE CONTROL OF VISCOUS HISTORY-DEPENDENT EVOLUTIONARY VIS ARISING IN APPLICATIONS
Authors:   University of Wurzburg,  Germany, Betzt L.
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses optimal control problems governed by history­dependent EVIs with viscosity. One of the prominent properties of the state system is its nonsmooth nature, so that the application of stan­dard adjoint calculus is excluded. We extend previous results by show­ing that history-dependent EVIs with viscosity can be formulated as nonsmooth ODEs in Hilbert space in a general setting. The Hadamard directional differentiability of the solution map is then investigated. This allows us to establish strong stationary conditions for two differ­ent viscous damage models with fatigue.
ON THE BANG-BANG PRINCIPLE FOR PARABOLIC OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS
Authors:   Institut fur Mathematik der Technischen Universitat Berlin,  Germany, Troltzsch F.
Published: October 2023

Optimal control problems for the linear heat equation with final observation and pointwise constraints on the control are considered, where the control depends only on the time. It is shown that to each finite number of given switching points, there is a final target such that the optimal objective value is positive, the optimal control is bang bang, and has the desired switching structure. The theory is completed by numerical examples.
ON A NEW CLASS OF MIXED HEMIVARIATIONAL-VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES
Authors:   University of Iowa, USA, Hant W.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study a new class of mixed hemivariational- variational inequalities in which both the non-smooth convex func­tional and the non-smooth non-convex functional can depend on two arguments. We present solution existence and uniqueness results. Then, we apply the theoretical results on a mixed hemivariational-variational inequality in the study of a stationary incompressible flow of Bingham type fluid subject to non-smooth non-monotone slip boundary condi­tion.
IMPACT/CONTACT OF ELASTIC BODY ON A MOVING FOUNDATION
Authors:   IRIMAS, Universite de Haute Alsace, France, Murea C. M.
Published: October 2023

We study numerically the dynamic impact/contact of an elastic body on a moving foundation using the mid-point algorithm. Stability results are presented when foundation is decreasing. Numerical sim­ulations on two-dimensional problems are included and we show that the energy is absorbed in the case of decreasing foundation compared to the fixed one.
DISSIPATION AND THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF THE DEVIATION FROM HAMILTONIAN DYNAMICS
Authors:   Simion Stoilow Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, Buliga M.
Published: October 2023

"We explain a dissipative version of hamiltonian mechanics, based on the information content of the deviation from hamiltonian dynam¬ics. From this formulation we deduce minimal dissipation principles, dynamical inclusions, or constrained evolution with hamiltonian drift reformulations. Among applications we recover a dynamics generaliza¬tion of Mielke et al quasistatic rate-independent processes. This article gives a clear and unitary presentation of the theory of hamiltonian inclusions with convex dissipation or symplectic Brezis- Ekeland-Nayroles principle, presented under various conventions first in [3] arXiv:0810.1419, then in [4] arXiv:1408.3102 and, for the ap¬pearance of bipotentials in relation to the symplectic duality, in [2] arXiv:1902.04598v1."
STATIC OUTPUT FEEDBACK CONTROL OF LINEAR PARAMETER VARYING SYSTEMS
Authors:   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania, Stoica A.-M. , Yaesh I. ,   Elbit Systems, Ramat-Hasharon, Israel
Published: October 2023

The synthesis problem of static output feedback controllers within the anisotropic-norm setup for Linear Parameter Varying system is considered. A synthesis approach involving iterations over a convex optimisation problem is suggested, leading to a gain-scheduled con¬troller. The results are formulated by a couple of Linear Matrix In¬equalities and a coupling bilinear equality, using a parameter depen¬dent Lyapunov function. Following LPVTOOL, the problem which is continuous in the gain-scheduling parameter, and hence infinite dimen¬sional, is approximated by a finite grid leading to a tractable sequence of convex optimization problems. The design method is demonstrated on a simple example from the field of flight control.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF Xrst(G)-CONVERGENCE OF SEQUENCES IN GRADUAL NORMED LINEAR SPACES
Authors:   Bartin University,Turkey, Kiși O. , Choudhury C. ,   Tripura University, Agartala, India
Published: October 2023

In the present article, we set forth with the new notion of rough A—statistical convergence in the gradual normed linear spaces. We produce significant results that present several fundamental properties of this notion. We also introduce the notion of Arst(G)—limit set and prove that it is convex, gradually closed, and plays an important role for the gradually A—statistical boundedness of a sequence.
CUSTOMIZING EXPERIENCES: EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES BEYOND GAME’S MECHANICS
Authors: Sampedro Paula Poiet , Grassi Nicholas Bruggner , Zitkus Emilene , Valente Vânia Cristina Pires Nogueira
Published: October 2023

Since the advent of the internet the gaming market has undergone a significant transformation, embracing global publishing and sales, as well as the exponential growth of online gaming. However, the appeal of this market extends beyond the games themselves, as it offers users immersive experiences not only as players but also as creators and customizers of their in-game characters. This research paper centres around the hypothesis that games have the potential to foster interaction and provide experiences that go beyond their mechanics and design, leveraging the customization options available to players. To explore this concept, an online survey was conducted, supported by a theoretical framework drawing from the fields of design, media, and psychology. The survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of customization practices, examining how players acquire customizations for games and how these personalization enhance their overall gaming experience. The findings underscored the significance of customization as a prominent aspect of gaming and revealed that players derive enjoyment from engaging in this activity, considering it an integral part of their gaming journey. These findings suggest that customization can serve as a valuable tool to enhance players' sense of attachment to the game universe.
Creation of a system for automating repetitive actions performed on a computer
Authors:   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania, Medelis Gytis , Urnikienė Jovita ,   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania
Published: October 2023

As technology advances and time saves time, more and more tasks are being automated, reducing the need for manual work. The process of automation is beneficial in computer-based work as well. This article analyzes automation systems for mouse clicks, their benefits, and their applications in various fields. Project problem. The automated click systems do not provide flexible, reliable, and convenient algorithmic functions for the use of complex marketing systems, mobile games, or a broader market segment. The objective of this work is to create a system that simulates mouse clicks, swipes, and text input, allowing for repetitive actions, creating and saving action execution algorithms. The theoretical part discusses similar automated systems, their advantages and disadvantages, text and image recognition algorithms, and popular libraries. The compliance of the systems with the ISO/IEC 9126 standard is analyzed. The programming language chosen for development is C++, Qt framework, the Tesseract library is used for text recognition, while the OpenCV library is used for graphic objects. The practical part presents the project of the created automated action system, the development process, the system itself, and the system's application possibilities. The system includes 10 control tools: text, color, and image recognition systems, mouse click, text input, and swipe simulation systems, automated action deletion, algorithm execution/stop, settings selection, menu collapse/expand, and system shutdown. The system allows for the creation of mouse click, swipe, and text input algorithms, defining conditions, creating action instructions, and sharing instructions on a forum. The system recognizes texts, colors, and images. Keywords: automating click operations, automatic actions system, automated optical character recognition, automatic clicker.
Pelas vias do texto
Authors: Oliveira Wilbett
Published: October 2023

Coletânea de resenhas e artigos organizada pelo poeta e editor Wilbett Oliveira:

SUMÀRIOPARTE UM — RESENHAS

11 Sobre as paixões por Clarice LispectorWilbett Oliveira

19 Sobre o romance “Canibalismo de Outono”, de Arturo GouveiaCícero Émerson do Nascimento Cardoso

27 Sobre “A poesia na precariedade do existir”Joel Cardoso

33 De norte ao sul do Brasil: pontos de convergênciaEster Abreu V. de Oliveira

43 Desvelando méritos ocultos Luiz Eduardo de Carvalho

49 Inventário para a poesia experimental portuguesaRodrigo da Costa Araujo

55 “Vaca Profana”: um mundo lírico e divertidoAdelto Gonçalves

63 Sobre o “Soneto 155”, de Norma Doront StrafArturo Gouveia

71 “Viúvas de Sal”, herdeiras do malLuiz Eduardo de Carvalho

PARTE DOIS — ARTIGOS

79 Apatia sem pátriaFlávio R. Kothe

95 Alguns equívocos dos gramáticosJosé Augusto Carvalho

PARTE TRÊS — Sobre os coautores 111 Adelto Gonçalves112 Arturo Gouveia113 Cícero Émerson do Nascimento Cardoso114 Ester Abreu Vieira de Oliveira115 Flávio R. Kothe116 Joel Cardoso117 José Augusto Carvalho118 Luiz Eduardo de Carvalho119 Rodrigo da Costa Araujo120 Wilbett Oliveira

121 Crédito das imagens
DYNAMICS OF THE DEBT BURDEN OF NON-FINANCIAL ENTERPRISES IN BULGARIA DURING THE PERIOD 2016 – 2020
Authors:   Department “Economics of the Firm” of the Economic Research Institute at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Taseva Galya
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamics of the debt burden of non-financial enterprises in Bulgaria, emphasizing the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on companies from different sectors. The analysis in the article is based on data for the period 2016-2020, which were provided by National statistical institute. Both with the help of the coefficients based on information from the income statement and the balance sheet, as well as on the basis of the coefficients with the participation of the cash flow from operations, a high volatility of the capacity to bear debt is found. This indicates a high risk and a strong dependence on attracted financing for the refinancing of maturing liabilities. The study showed heterogeneous dynamics of indebtedness and the burden of debt in different sectors during the first year of the pandemic, which can be largely explained by the divergent impact of measures to limit the spread of the infection on the level of economic activity in individual sectors. In the majority of the studied sectors, a decrease in the capacity to bear debt is found in the first year of the pandemic. A negative indicator of the capacity of companies to bear the burden of debt is also the low profitability of the use of assets during the studied period. In most sectors, an increase in the traditional liquidity ratios was found, but a significant deterioration of the indicator Cash flow from operations/Current liabilities in the first year of the pandemic. The pandemic has exacerbated the shortcomings of traditional liquidity ratios by increasing uncertainty about how salable inventories are and how collectable receivables of the companies are.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BULGARIA
Authors:   Economic Research Institute at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Ivanova Nadezhda
Published: October 2023

In 2015 Bulgaria expressed its support for adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sus-tainable Development. As the deadline for its implementation approaches, consider-ing the highest order of the objective of achieving sustainable development, the question of what is the current level of sustainable development of our country in absolute and relative terms – compared to other EU member states, what are the trends and prospects for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 is becoming more relevant. The answer to this question is provided by the present study, which presents the most frequently used complex indicators for de-termining the level of sustainable development, as well as the position, value and change in indicators for the level of sustainable development of Bulgaria according to the seventeen Global Goals adopted by the UN. Among the main results of the publication, it stands out that for all three general indicators for sustainable devel-opment – the Human Development Index, the Social Progress Index and the Sus-tainable Development Goals Index, as well as regarding the status and changes for Bulgaria in terms of the realization of the individual Sustainable Development Goals (according to three different methodologies, within three different reports) Bulgaria is far from the average European level and in the last position among the EU mem-ber states. Our country is still far from fulfilling the Global Goals, the direction of change for most goals is positive, although not at a sufficiently good pace to reach them in 2030.
Cooperative Learning in Oceanography
Authors:   Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Møgelvang Anja
Published: October 2023

The challenges of recruitment, retention, and learning outcomes in STEM higher education call for learning environments that promote student belonging and belief in their own abilities (Møgelvang, 2023). Cooperative learning (CL) is a type of group learning associated with increased learning and more “soft” student outcomes such as increased sense of belonging, scientific confidence, and generic skills (Møgelvang et al., 2023). CL may be defined as “a more-structured, hence more-focused, form of collaborative learning” (Millis and Cottell, 1997, p. 4). This structured approach is research based and is considered to increase the probability that all students are successful at group work (Millis and Cottell, 1997).
Fertility restoration, combining ability effects and heterosis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using different CMS sources
Authors: C R MEENA  , H P MEENA  , B SINHA
Published: October 2023

Combining ability studies were made in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using line x tester analysis with two diverse CMS lines PET-1 and ARG-1 and 12 testers. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes i.e., parents and hybrids. Non-additive type of gene action was found important for expression of all the charactersstudied. Studies on identification of effective restorer linesrevealed that out of 12 inbreds,fourturned out to be restorers for both PET-1 and ARG-1, while eight behaved as maintainers. Among the lines, PET-1 was found to be good general combiner forseed yield and oil content. Testers HAM-161, RHA-273 and HAM-174 have also exhibited desirable general combining ability effect for seed yield and several other characters. The cross combination ARG-1 x RHA-273 and ARG-1 x RHA-274 were found to be promising for most ofthe characterssuch as seed yield, plant height, number of leaves, capitulum diameter, stem girth and 100-seed weight. Besides PET-1 source, other source viz., ARG-1 used in the present investigation was equally efficient in expressing their fullest potential of yield and yield contributing characters. Most of the crosses involving high x low general combining parents, exhibited high sca effects for various traits.
Nutrient rich karanja (Pongamia pinnata L.) Pierre genotypes for diversified uses : An inventory
Authors: I Y L N MURTHY  , N MUKTA
Published: October 2023

A study was conducted to quantify the content of major nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in recently matured leaves (RML) of 66 genotypes of Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre, which were grown under same soil fertility and management conditions at the Rajendranagar Research Farm of the Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad. Classification of the accessions on the basis of their nutrient content indicted that majority of the genotypes have medium N, P and K content in the RML while two genotypes viz., DORPP 27 and 67 recorded high N content. Present investigation indicates that leaves of P. pinnata genotypes, DORPP 27 and 67 have shown better nutrient composition to use as manure as well asfeed. Further, the index developed may be useful in assessing the nutrient status of recently matured leaves for deficiency, sufficiency and toxicity in various crops.
The Indian oilseeds scenario : Challenges and opportunities
Authors: R S PARODA
Published: October 2023

Vegetable oils are critical for the nutrition security of our people in India. Through technological means such as refining, bleaching and deodorisation, newer oils like cotton seed, sunflower, palm oil, soybean and rice bran have become popular in recent times. India occupies a prominent place in global oilseeds scenario with 12-15% of area, 6-7% of vegetable oil production, and 9-10% of the total edible oil consumption and 13.6% of vegetable oil imports. The oilseeds sector has remained vibrant globally with 4.1% growth per annumin the last three decades. In India, oilseeds account for nearly 3% of the gross domestic product and 5.98% of the value of all agricultural products. India hasrich diversity of annual oilseed crops on account of diverse agro-ecological conditions. Nine annual oilseeds, which include seven edible oilseeds, viz., groundnut, rapeseedmustard, soybean, sunflower, sesame, safflower and niger and two non-edible crops, viz., castor and linseed are grown in the country. Despite having the largest area under oilseeds in the world (26.77 mha), India currently imports about 50% of total oil requirement at a huge cost of ` 56,000 crores (2011-12). The proportion of import has increased from a meagre 3% in 1970-71 to almost 56% in 2012-13.
Oil palm cultivation in India: past, present and future scenario
Authors: P KALIDAS  , S CHANDER RAO  , K J PRABHAKAR RAO
Published: October 2023

Cultivation of oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. by giving irrigation is a unique practice in the world and is being followed only in India. The palms that were brought for ornamental purpose later paved the way to utilize them as source of vegetable oil. The wide gap between demand and supply in vegetable oil production using the nine annual oilseed crops, the population explosion, the increased consumption of vegetable oil due to increased GDP forced to grow the crop under Indian conditions to obtain more yield. The role played by various organizations in the development of oil palm industry is worth mentioning without which it would not have been successful. The roleplayed by AICRP on Palms (ICAR) in raising the demonstration plots to find the feasibility of the crop in different areas of the country, DAC by appointing three committees to identify the potential areas for cultivation, DBT for taking up of large scale demonstrations and initiation of mutation breeding using gamma rays irradiation of seed sprouts, UNDP by sanctioning two mega projects on training and seed production and finally the TMOP taking the overall control of the project and maintain it successfully to achieve the best results are worth mentioning. The Government policies, are however, need to be reviewed at frequent intervals as these are responsible for the setbackthat were observed in different periods. If these are taken care off, the oil palm industry will be a successful venture in the country.
A modified medium for improved sporulation of gray mold pathogen, Botryotinia ricini (Godfrey) Whetzel in castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: R D PRASAD  , R BHUVANESWARI
Published: October 2023

Oat meal agar medium enriched with gallic acid, L-asparagine and castor pericarp extract was developed to enhance sporulation of castor gray mold pathogen, Botryotinia ricini. The enriched oat meal agar medium supported higher sporulation compared to oat meal agar medium and corn meal agar medium which are commonly used for growing B. ricini.
Resource-use management of castor (Ricinus communis L.) growers in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: R VENKATTAKUMAR  , C SARADA  , M PADMAIAH
Published: October 2023

A study was conducted to assess the resource-use management (RUM) behaviour of castor growers in Mahabubnagar district of Andhra Pradesh with 120 randomly selected castor growers through a pre-standardized scale. It was found that the respondents with large size of land holdings had medium to high level of RUM behaviour, while respondents with small and medium size of land holdings had low to medium level. Overall, there was low to medium level of RUM behaviour as exhibited by the castor growers. The respondents had low to medium level of management towards land, cropping system, seed, soil-moisture and nutrients, while medium to high level of management towards weeds, pests, diseases and irrigation. Seed, soil-moisture and nutrient were the primary indicators contributed towards both productivity and profitability of castor cultivation. Strategies for efficient management of these indicators are to be popularized through need-based extension efforts to improve the productivity and profitability of castor under rainfed conditions of Andhra Pradesh.
Enhanced recovery of oil from Jatropha curcas L. seeds
Authors: R ANANDALAKSHMI  , V SIVAKUMAR  , T VAMADEVAN  , N KRISHNA KUMAR
Published: October 2023

Jatropha curcas L. is a popular and potential tree borne oilseed exploited for biofuel, however, extraction of oil from whole seedsincurs oil loss due to adsorption of considerable amount of oil to the oil cake. To minimize the oil loss, seeds were decoated using a seed decoater which separates the whole seedsinto shell and kernel. Seeds with 15 per cent of the shell removed and with 40 per cent of the shell removed were compared with whole seeds for oil extraction. The oil present in the oil cake was estimated and analysed for its physico-chemical properties. The average oil recovery from the whole seed was about 23.16 per cent. Removal of 15 per cent shell increased the oil recovery to 24.6 per cent and further removal of 40 per cent shell resulted in 25.41 per cent oil recovery. The oil present in the oil cake was reduced from 10.08 to 8.93 and 7.61 per cent in the 15 per cent shell removed and 40 per cent shell removed seeds, respectively. However, the physico-chemical properties of oil from oilcake did not vary significantly. From a commercial point of view, this study helped to enhance oil recovery and displayed the significance of seed processing technique.
Path coefficient analysis of seed yield in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss.] under drought
Authors: R L MEENA  , J S CHAUHAN  , K H SINGH  , S S RATHORE
Published: October 2023

The present investigation was carried out to assessthe components ofseed yield under droughtstress using path coefficient analysis. Twenty two genotypes ofIndian mustard were grown in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during rabi, 2007-08. Analysis of variance indicated presence of variability in the experimental genotypesforseed yield and other morpho-physiological characters except main shoot length, harvest index, protein content, SLW at 35 days aftersowing (DAS) and seed: husk ratio. Seed yield/plant was positively and significantly correlated at both phenotypic and genotypic levels with days to maturity, plant height, primary branches/plant, secondary branches/plant, siliquae on main shoot, LAI, CGR and biological yield/plant. Seed yield/plant had negative genotypic correlations of moderate strength with transpiration quotient at 35 and 75 DAS indicating its positive relationship with water use efficiency. TheRGRduring 35-75 DAS followed byRGRbetween 75 and 95 DAS exerted the highest direct positive effects on seed yield. Biological yield/plant, SLW at 75 DAS, TDM at 75 and 95 DAS, SCMR at 35 DAS, siliquae on main shoot, days to maturity and siliqua length also had substantial positive direct effects. The characters under study explained about 96.5% and 100% variability in the seed yield at phenotypic and genotypic level, respectively. Dry matter production, early growth and development of the crop are important under drought due to continuous decline in available soil moisture. Since LAI, LGR, CGR, RGR and NAR are the functions of dry matter production and/or leaf area, therefore, selection on the basis of high biological yield and large LAI at 50% flowering should be quite effective in improving seed yield under drought. An increase in LAI might increase radiation load resulting in to high transpiration. Therefore, genotypes having high LAI with erect leaves and low TQ should be accorded priority in the selection programme.
Prospects and challenges in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) production: A review
Authors: S A BIRADAR  , K AJITHKUMAR  , B RAJANNA  , A S SAVITHA  , G V SHUBHA  , I SHANKERGOUD  , B M CHITTAPUR  , P K SINGH
Published: October 2023

Linseed or flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important industrial oilseed crops of India. It is grown either for the oil extracted from the seed or fibre from the stem. Every part of the linseed plant is utilized commercially either directly or after processing. Most of the oil is used in industry for the manufacture of paints, varnishes, inks and soaps and also used for edible purpose to a limited extent. The oil cake is a good feed for milch cattle and also used as manure. Linseed seed is widely used as a nutritive and functional ingredient in food products. Linseed in daily diet increases the level of a-linolenic acid (ALA) and omega-3 fatty acid which helps to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. AICRP on Linseed (ICAR) distributed in various agro-ecological situations in the country helped in introduction of new varieties adapted with appropriate production and protection technologies paved the way for introduction of the crop in different areas of the country and as component crop in cropping systems. It is possible to achieve higher yields and net monetary returns by adapting improved production technologies as demonstrated in FLDs conducted across the country. In this review, we have elucidated the production and protection technologies for improvement of linseed productivity in the country. The potential areas for future line of research are indicated for productivity improvement in linseed.