bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI KEBUTUHAN RESPIRASI OKSIGEN KERAPU BEBEK (Chromileptes altivelis) BERDASARKAN PADAT TEBAR, YANG DIPELIHARA DENGAN AERASI
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Ramses Ramses , Nugroho R. Pramuanggit Panggih
Published: January 2019

Pemeliharaan Kerapu Bebek sangat dipengaruhi oleh keadaan kualitas air, khususnya ketersediaan O2 terlarut air. Kebutuhan O2 kerapu bebek dalam budidaya yang semakin intensif perlu diketahui dan ketersediaan O2 dalam media air harus selalu optimal. Kebutuhan O2 kerapu bebek dan ketersediaan O2 dalam air dapat ditentukan dengan mengetahui laju konsumsi oksigen dan oksigen terlarut kritis.  Kadar oksigen yang terlarut di perairan alami bervariasi, tergantung pada suhu, salinitas, turbulensi air, dan tekanan atmosfer.Kegiatan perekayasaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan oksigen respirasi Kerapu Bebek pada berbagai ukuran berat dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan padat tebar kerapu bebek yang dipelihara dengan aerasi air terhadap sintasan.Mekanisme/cara kerja yang digunakan dalam kegiatan perekayasaan ini untuk mengetahui kebutuhan O2  respirasi kerapu bebek yaitu dengan menggunakan wadah tertutup, kapasitas volume air 3 L dan di penuhi air. 4 perlakuan ukuran berat ikan dengan 4 tingkat ukuran berat, yaitu berkisar antara A1(0,6-1,0), A2(1,1-1,5), A3(1,6-2,0), A4(2,1-2,5) g. Sebelum diujikan kedalam wadah tertutup, masing-masing perlakuan kisaran berat ditimbang hingga mencapai berat total 10 g. Penentuan kebutuhan O2 respirasi kerapu bebek untuk melihat laju konsumsi O2 dan kadar O2 kritis kerapu bebek. Tahap berikutnya dilakukan pemeliharaan kerapu bebek dengan aerasi selama 60 hari. Padat tebar kerapu bebek terdiri dari 3 tingkat yaitu 8, 10, 30, ekor/dm3. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap ikan dan kualitas air setiap 10 hari,dimulai pada umur 30 hari. Pengamatan ikan dilakukan terhadap jumlah yang hidup.Hasilnya  diperoleh bahwa pada perlakuan pertama A1 laju konsumsi oksigen  0,24 mg O2/g/detik dan oksigen terlarut kritis 2,75; A2 laju konsumsi oksigen 0,18 mg O2/g/detik dan oksigen terlarut kritis 2,88; A3 laju konsumsi oksigen 0,22 mg O2/g/detik dan oksigen terlarut kritis 2,91; A4 laju konsumsi oksigen 0,11 mg O2/g/detik dan oksigen terlarut kritis 3,26. Pada pemeliharaan dengan aerasi diperoleh sintasan sebagai berikut ; padat tebar 8 ekor/L = 15%, padat tebar 10 ekor/L = 21 %, padat tebar 30 ekor/L = 32%.
THE USAGE OF ENVIRONMENT TO INCREASE THE STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN NATURAL SCIENCE SUBJECT FOR THE 5th GRADE STUDENTS OF PEMBANGUNAN PRIVATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TANJUNG MORAWA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2009/2010
Authors: Sari Nurhaty Purnama
Published: January 2019

The usage of environment to increase the students achievement in natural science subject for the 5th grade students of Pembangunan Private Elementary School Tanjung Morawa. The objective of this research is to know the increasing students achievement in natural science subject after taught using environment and without using environment as learning sources. The total sample is all the student in 5th grade of Pembangunan Private Elementary School in Tanjung Morawa. The teaching learning process by using environment was done for the experiment class and without using environment for the control class.The data were obtained from the student ability in answering pre-test and post-test (research instrument) after the teaching learning process has done. The results shows that teaching by using environment has better effect than teaching without using environment. It can be seen from the value of the post-test mean (7.93) for the class taught by using environment method. On the other side, the class taught without using the environment method only reach 5.60. The analysis of statistic (t-test) has showned the significant difference between the usage of environment and without the usage of environment (t count 6.51 > t table 2.007)From the success of teaching learning process using the environment to increase the students achievement in natural science subject for the 5th grade students of Pembangunan Private Elementay School Tanjung Morawa on the topic of  green plant material. So, it can be accepted as a new method in teaching learning process in Elementary School.Keywords: Environment, student, achievement
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TERBALIK (RECIPROCAL TEACHING) MENGGUNAKAN BUKU SAKU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS VII MTs USB SAGULUNG BATAM
Authors: Salminda Lisa , Ramses Ramses , Efendi Yarsi
Published: January 2019

Penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah hasil belajar siswa yang menerapkan model pembelajaran resiprokal (Reciprocal Learning) dengan menggunakan buku saku lebih baik dibandingkan menggunakan pembelajaran biasa (konvensional) di kelas VII MTs USB Sagulung Batam tahun akademik 2013/2014. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas VII kelas mendistribusikan pada 4 (empat) kelas. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Kelas VII C terpilih sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VII B sebagai kelas kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan Uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh hipotesis T hitung = 8,02 dan T tabel = 2,02 pada tingkat signifikansi 5% untuk T hitung > T tabel berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti bahwa biologi hasil belajar rata-rata siswa setelah menggunakan aplikasi yang mengajar resiprokal menggunakan buku saku lebih baik dari rata-rata hasil belajar menggunakan pembelajaran biasa (konvensional).
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI PADA POKOK BAHASAN KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP DI KELAS VII SMP TUNAS BARU BATAM
Authors: Pinem Revida , Sari Nurhaty Purnama , Ramses Ramses
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan pendekatan proses keterampilan dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VII pada SMP Tunas Baru, dengan materi Klasifikasi Mahluk Hidup. Jumlah siswa yang mengikuti penelitian sebanyak 165 siswa dari total 5 kelas. Sampel diambil dari kelas VII C (XI) dengan perlakuan menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran ketrampilan proses dan  kelas VII D (X2) dengan menggunakan pendekatan konvensional. Peralatan yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes dalam bentuk pilihan ganda 25 pertanyaan dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji T tingkat α = 5%. Hasil penelitian rerata nilai post-test XI = 81.00 dan post test X2 = 70,45 dengan hasil Uji T menunjukkan bahwa Thitung = 5,44 > Ttabel = 2,00 sehingga hipotesis nol (H0) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif diterima (H1). Ada perbedaan yang signifikan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar antara siswa yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan ketrampilan proses dengan pendekatan konvensional.
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA LAKI-LAKI DENGAN SISWA PEREMPUAN MENGGUNAKAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF MODEL MIND MAPPING PADA POKOK BAHASAN KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP SISWA KELAS VII DI SMP IT NURUL MUHAJIRIN BATAM
Authors: Farianti Farianti , Rahmi Rahmi , Agustina Fenny
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa laki-laki dengan siswa perempuan dengan menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif model mind mapping di kelas VII di SMP IT Nurul Muhajirin. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis eksperimen, yakni yang menjadi variabel adalah penerapan pada pembelajaran kooperatif model mind mapping pada siswa laki-laki (X1) dan siswa perempuan (Y2). Data penelitian yang diperoleh adalah hasil belajar siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan pada kelas VII yang mengikuti proses pembelajaran dengan pokok bahasan klasifikasi makhluk hidup. Data penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar akhir dari pembelajaran berupa tes pilihan ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata hasil belajar siswa laki-laki 76 dan siswa perempuan 81,57. Uji analisis  dilakukan uji t terhadap hasil belajar di dapat thitung = 3,723 dan ttabel =2,02pada taraf nyata 0,05. Dari perhitungan nilai thitung > ttabel  berarti kedua kelas sampel memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan, sehingga H0 ditolak dan  Ha diterima. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa perempuan lebih baik dari hasil belajar siswa laki-laki pada  kelas VII menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif model mind mapping.
HUBUNGAN IKLIM KELAS DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 8 BATAM
Authors: Kadarsih Wening , Ramses Ramses , Efendi Yarsi
Published: January 2019

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan iklim kelas dengan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem reproduksi di kelas XI IPA SMAN 8 Batam Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014. Jenis penelitian dengan desain korelasi sederhana dimana populasi terjangkau yaitu seluruh kelas XI IPA, kemudian pengambilan sampel secara acak sederhana (simple random sampling) dengan cara undian dan terpilih kelas , dan . Instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket iklim kelas (Y) serta hasil belajar siswa (X) yang diperoleh dari guru mata pelajaran yang kemudian dianalisis uji hipotesis dengan korelasi product moment dari Pearson. Hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,349 (34.9%) artinya bahwa faktor iklim belajar kelas hanya memberikan konstribusi pengaruh sebesar 34,9% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya. Sedangkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0.591 (59,1%) memberikan gambaran bahwa ada hubungan yang cukup baik dan nyata antara iklim belajar kelas dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI materi sistem reproduksi.
KEANEKARAGAMAN BURUNG DI KAWASAN LAHAN BASAH KOTA BATAM
Authors: Syamsi Fauziah
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman fauna burung di lahan basah Kota Batam dan mengidentifikasi status lahan basah berdasarkan keanekaragaman fauna burung yang terdapat disana. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2016 sampai Januari 2017 di Rempang dan Tg. Piayu, Kota Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan pengamatan langsung di kawasan hutan mangrove dan sekitarnya. Pengamatan lapangan dilanjutkan analisis rekaman gambar di laboratorium. Setelah dilakukan pengamatan terhadap jenis-jenis burung di lokasi penelitian ditemukan 327 individu yang terdiri dari 7 Ordo, 12 Famili dan 23 jenis. Famili dengan jumlah individu terbanyak adalah Ardeidae yaitu sebanyak 207 individu yang terdiri dari 5 spesies. 11 spesies burung yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian merupakan burung yang dilindungi berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 7 tahun 1999. Tingkat keanekaragaman burung di dua lokasi penelitian tergolong sedang yaitu dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) burung di Rempang adalah 2,01 dan di Tg Piayu adalah 2,33. Nilai indeks kemerataan spesies (J’) di Rempang tergolong sedang, yaitu 0,66 dan di Tg. Piayu tergolong tinggi yaitu 0,82.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN READING QUESTIONING AND ANSWERING(RQA) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF BIOLOGI SISWA KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK RENDAH
Authors: Ramdiah Siti , Adawiyah Rabiatul
Published: January 2019

Rancangan pembelajaran menjadi bagian penting dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap suatu konsep. Proses pembelajaran yang bermakna jika seluruh siswa baik dengan akademik tinggi maupun rendah dapat memperoleh hasil belajar yang diinginkan oleh tujuan pembelajaran. Dengan demikian guru perlu memanfaatkan model-model pembelajaran dalam melaksanakan hal tersebut. Hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan adalah model pembelajaran yang mampu membantu peningkatan pemahaman siswa akademik rendah. RQA merupakan salah satu model yang diyakini dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa selama proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran reading, questioning and answering terhadap hasil belajar kognitif biologi siswa yang memiliki kemampuan akdemik rendah. Penelitian eksperimen semu ini menggunakan model rancangan yang dikenal dengan “nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design”. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini yaitu Reading, Questioning, and Answering (RQA)  dan variabel terikat yaitu hasil belajar kognitif biologi siswa. Populasi seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan model RQA dan  XI IPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes essay. Data di analisis dengan Anava satu jalur melalui SPSS versi 17 for windows.Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai F sebesar 30.382 dengannilaisigifikansi 0.000 > 0.05 yang berarti bahwa terdapat pengaruh model RQA terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa kemampuan akademik rendah KelasXI IPA SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin.
Pengembangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Melalui Penerapan Model Learning Cycle
Authors: Safahi Luthpi
Published: January 2019

Penelitian yang menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle terhadap kemampuan berpikirkritis mahasiswa dalam matakuliah  Vertebrata. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasy Experiment dengan desain penelitian Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design.Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi semester IV yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Penguasaan kemampuan berpikir kritis diukur dengan menggunakan tes uraian materi klasifikasi chordata dan pisces sebanyak enam soal, masing-masing mengukur ketercapaian enam indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata posttest kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas eksperimen memperoleh nilai 61,87 sedangkan kelas kontrol memperoleh nilai 49,55. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi α = 1% diperoleh nilai Sig.(1-tailed) = 0.000 < p.0.01, yang berarti H0 ditolak. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan penggunaan model pembelajaran learning cycle sangat berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis.
PERSEPSI GURU BIDANG STUDI ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DALAM KURIKULUM 2013 TINGKAT SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI KECAMATAN LENGAYANG KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: Sudirman Destaria , Rahmi Ennike Gusti
Published: January 2019

Indonesia selalu mengalami perubahan kurikulum yang salah satunya yaitu kurikulum 2013. Perubahan kurikulum ini dilakukan pemerintah dengan tujuan perbaikan sistem pendidikan di Indonesia, dimana dalam kurikulum 2013 ini muncul berbagai pendapat atau tanggapan serta terjadi pro dan kotra dari berbagai pihak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji Persepsi dari setiap guru bidang studi Ilmu Pengatahuan Alam Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kecamatan Lengayang Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan terhadap pelaksanaan Pendekatan Saintifik dalam kurikulum 2013. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini semua guru bidang studi Ilmu Pengatahuan Alam Sekolah Menengah Pertama di kecamatan lengayang dan yang menjadi sampel adalah  guru bidang studi Ilmu Pengatahuan Alam yang sudah melaksanakan kurikulum 2013. Dalam pengumpulan data digunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi guru bidang studi Ilmu Pengatahuan Alam Sekolah Menengah Pertama tentang pelaksanaan  pembelajaran pendekatan saintifik dalam kurikulum 2013 tergolong cukup baik untuk penerapannya, namun masih terdapat kekurangan yaitu minimnya pelatihan yang diselenggarakan serta kurangnya sarana prasaran penunjang seperti alat-alat laboratorium yang kurang memadai.
TREN GAYA VISUAL LOGO DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEABADIAN PENGGUNAAN
Authors: Kasmana Kankan
Published: January 2019

Logo berfungsi sebagai identifikasi, yang mampu membentuk dan menanamkan citra pada khalayak. Dengan gaya visual yang beragam logo mempunyai karakter yang berbeda-beda, memperlihatkan ciri, bentuk, dan selera. Bahkan logo-logo tertentu muncul memiliki gaya visual khas yang mencirikan gaya rancangan yang digandrungi oleh masyarakat pada saat logo tersebut dibuat. Adanya fenomena desain, berupa perubahan logo yang diakibatkan oleh pemilihan gaya visual tertentu yang disesuaikan tren menarik untuk diteliti. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas secara deskriptif desain logo dan kaitannya dengan tren serta keabadian penggunaannya. Dapat disimpulkan dalam gaya visual logo, tren dipengaruhi oleh gaya ilustrasi dalam media, selera manusia, penemuan teknologi serta pengaruh sosial-budaya. Tren visual selalu berubah, dan mempengaruhi desain logo. Logo yang baik adalah logo berumur panjang dalam penggunaannya, ia dapat bertahan dalam perubahan tren yang ada. Tren hanya bertahan beberapa waktu saja, ia akan selalu berubah tergantung kondisi sosial-budaya masyarakat. Secara visual, desain logo yang mengikuti tren akan terasa generik, secara emosional ia tidak memberikan kesan yang beda bagi khalayak. Teknologi merupakan tools yang mengkomodir kebutuhan desainer, digunakan untuk merealisasikan konsepsi ide seorang desainer. Desain yang baik bukan desain yang dipenuhi oleh efek yang indah dan terlihat canggih yang dapat direalisasikan oleh teknologi, namun bagaimana desain itu menjadi solusi dari sebuah masalah.
PENYATUAN MANUSIA & TEKNOLOGI APLIKASI 3D (KATALOG VIRTUAL 3D)
Authors: Albar Deni
Published: January 2019

Interaksi antara manusia dan katalog komoditas merupakan suatu halyang sangat berperan dalam mempengaruhi tingkah laku manusia dalammengkonsumsi komoditas. Dengan adanya kebutuhan yang menentukan tingkah laku untuk membeli suatu komoditas, maka dibutuhkan suatu katalog yang mampu membuat manusia seperti seolah-olah merasa ada di tempat perbelanjaan sehingga kebutuhan ‘sense’ akan suatu komoditas benar-benar terwakili kehadirannya. Adanya tuntutan emosi yang harus terpenuhi dalam suatu katalog, memunculkan isu bahwa katalog konvensional tidak lagi efektif dalam merepresentasikan suatu komoditas. Wacana dalam memenuhi kepuasan hidupnya, manusia berusaha menciptakansuat u kondisi ideal dalam berbagai hal, salah satunya dalam mendapatkan kepuasan informasi komoditas dari suatu katalog. Munculnya wacana / diskursus mengenai katalog masa depan (3D) menjadikan suatu wacana yang berkembang dalam dunia desain. Aplikasi interaktif virtual 3D mampu menghadirkan komoditas pada konsumen dengan lebih baik, secara intuitif konsumen mampu memantau, belajar dan mengumpulkan data komoditas seperti berjalan di pusat perbelanjaan. Adanya dukungan perkembangan teknologi baik material, energi, alat dan teknik mendorong realisasi katalog yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan manusia.Kata kunci: manusia, teknologi, katalog, 3D.
LENSA CANON L SERIES PUTIH DAN GAYA HIDUP KOMUNITAS FOTOGRAFI
Authors: Kurniawan Ivan
Published: January 2019

Saat ini, fotografi tidak hanya berada dalam lingkup ruang seni saja. Sejak ditemukannya kamera dalam bentuk yang kompak dan praktis, fotografi telah menjadi bagian hidup masyarakat luas sehari-hari. Kamera tidak hanya menjadi alat para fotografer professional, namun telah menyebar luas pada masyarakat. Fenomena tersebut ternyata telah membuat sebuah gaya hidup yang baru di masyarakat, kamera dan aksesorisnya kini telah menjadi pelengkap dentitas diri. Salah satu diantara aksesoris tersebut adalah lensa L series berwarna putih yang diproduksi oleh Canon. Dengan warna yang berbeda dari lensa-lensa sejenis yang beredar di masyarakat, lensa L Series memiliki sebuah nilai yang unik. Lensa tersebut telah dianggap menjadi patokan mengenai kualitas sebuah lensa dan juga kualitas keterampilan seorang fotografer. Artikel ini secara khusus akan membahas mengenai fenomena lensa L  Series versi warna putih, dilihat dari lifestyle trajectory dan teori psikologi Hurlock.Kata kunci: lensa, Canon, gaya hidup, komunitas, fotografi
RELASI ENVIROMENTAL TYPOGRAPHY, PUBLIC SPACE DAN GAYA HIDUP
Authors: Nursaiman Dodi
Published: January 2019

Ruang umum (public space) di perkotaan merupakan sebuah ruang yang dapat digunakan sebagai aktifitas oleh masyarakat umum, ruang public dapat berupa taman (park), kebun (garden), jalur hijau (greenways), pedestrian, jalan, trotoar, lapangan olah raga, plaza, dan semua ruang yang berada di luar bangunan. Ruang publik pada dasaranya dapt dibuat dengan terencana dan disadari dan didesain untuk kebutuhan masyarakat dan tidak terlepas dari dukungan pemerintah dalam upaya penyediaan fasilitas publik dalam sudut pandang tata kelola wilayah. Ruang publik perkotaan merupakan bagian dari produk arsitektur kota. Aktifitas padaruang publik menjadi bagian dari perkembangan dalam proses penciptaangaya hidup.Kata Kunci : Environmental, Typography
PROSES KREASI SEORANG DESAINER GRAFIS (STUUDI KASUS : STEFAN SAGMEISTER)
Authors: Maulina Rini
Published: January 2019

Proses kreasi merupakan tahapan penting bagi seorang desainer grafis dalam pencapaian karya. Proses kreasi yang dialami oleh seniman, desainer grafis atau pelaku kreatif biasanya tidak disadari oleh pelaku kreatif itu sendiri. Dalam keilmuan psikologi khususnya psikologi seni proses kreasi dapat dikategorikan berdasarkan tipe-tipe dari cara berfikir atau cara bagaimana pelaku kreatif tersebut memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi ketika bekerja kreatif. Proses kreatif seorang kreatif dipengaruhi oleh beberapa factor yang ditelaah lewat psikologi personal dari pelaku kreatif. Stefan Sagmeister adalah seorang desainer grafis sekaligus seniman yang memiliki beberapa tipe proses kreasi. Beliau adalah seorang kreatif yang pola berkreasinya dapat dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran. Penilitian ini merupakan tinjauan dari Stefan sagmeister, mengenai proses kreasi seorang desainer grafis sekaligus seniman kontemporer yang menciptakan karya desain dengan melewati batas-batas desain dan seni. Karya-karya Stefan sagmeister menggambarkan cirri-ciri kontemporer. Tinjauan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari apakah proses kreasinya dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan dunia seni rupa dan desain secara umum, dimana saat ini merupakan era kontemporer yang mengusung eksperimental, eklektik, simbolik sekaligus spiritual yang mempengaruhi pola berfikir dan berkarya di segala bidang khususnya bidang desain grafis.
PLAGIARISME DALAM PEMBUATAN PERIKLANAN TELEVISI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hasyim Noor , Senoprabowo Abi
Published: January 2019

Televisi dianggap sebagai media iklan paling berpengaruh dan mampu menjangkau luasnya spektrum konsumen. Televisi memungkinkan tiga kekuatan generator makna yang berkolaborasi membentuk sistem pertandaan, yakni narasi, audio dan visual. Di era globalisasi ini perusahan dituntut membuat iklan yang lebih dari biasa. Tuntutan ini membuat biro iklan memciptakan iklan yang terkadang membingungkan konsumen. Untuk menengahi kebutuhan konsumen dan kreativitas pada pembuat iklan Dewan Periklanan Indonesia membuat tata cara periklanan yang disebut EPI. Walaupun EPI telah dibuat ternyata periklanan di Indonesia masih banyak yang melanggar etika periklanan tersebut. Salah satunya adalah kasus peniruan atau plagiarisme.
Yrkesämnesdidaktik på universitet: Mål, innehåll, arbetssätt och examination
Authors: Andersén Annelie , Asghari Hamid , Petersson Maria
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this article is to investigate learning goals, content, working methods and examinations in the vocational didactic sections of the vocational teacher education programme. In a case study, a total of forty study guides from one vocational teacher education programme have been analysed in order to answer what central content is highlighted, how the goals are examined, and what course literature is used in vocational subject didactics in a selected vocational teacher education programme at a Swedish university. The aim of the analysis, based on Hiim’s (2010) model, is to find both clearly expressed and more latent elements. The results answer questions on what the subject didactics contain in three different courses. Vocational teacher educators plan their teaching with regard to the goals of vocational subject didactics, but the interpretation of goals varies among different educators and within different vocational subjects. The result also gives some indications of what could be general differences and similarities within and between different didactics teacher groups and/or vocational subjects. The analysis of the study guides also shows that educational background and the form of employment of educators seem to be of importance.
Editorial: Challenges and development in and of vocational teacher education
Authors: Henning Loeb Ingrid , Gustavsson Susanne
Published: January 2019

No abstract available.
Teachers’ Interpersonal Style in Physical Education: Exploring Patterns of Students’ Self-Determined Motivation and Enjoyment of Physical Activity in a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Fin Gracielle , Moreno-Murcia Juan Antonio , León Jaime , Baretta Elisabeth , Nodari Júnior Rudy José
Published: January 2019

This longitudinal study explored patterns of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation, as well as its association with the teaching style and the physical activity enjoyment in a group of students. The sample consisted of 200 secondary education students (105 girls and 95 boys) aged 11 to 13 years (M= 12.65,SD= 0.79) at the start of the study. Students were assessed twice in a 22 month-period. Descriptive analyses were conducted between major variables at both time points, and to explore the number and nature of clusters, we relied on latent profile analysis. The statistical analyses showed three different patterns: downward, stable and upward, with different outcomes and determinants. The downward pattern was associated with more negative enjoyment and a controlling style, while the upward pattern with more positive enjoyment and autonomy support. This study, which was based on a person-centered approach, provided a bigger picture of the interplay between autonomy, competence, relatedness, self-determined motivation, autonomy/control support, and physical activity enjoyment.
The Prognostic Breeding Application JMP Add-In Program
Authors: Fasoula Vasilia A. , Thompson Kevin C. , Mauromoustakos Andy
Published: January 2019

Prognostic breeding is a crop improvement methodology that utilizes prognostic equations to enable concurrent selection for plant yield potential and stability of performance. There is a necessity for plant breeders to accurately phenotype plants in the field and select effectively for high and stable crop yield in the absence of the confounding effects of competition. Prognostic breeding accomplishes this goal by evaluating plants for (i) plant yield potential and (ii) plant stability, in the same generation. The plant yield index, stability index and the plant prognostic equation are the main criteria used for the selection of the best plants and the best entries grown in honeycomb designs. The construction of honeycomb designs and analysis of experimental data in prognostic breeding necessitate the development of a computer program to ensure accurate measurement of the prognostic equations. The objective of this paper is to introduce the Prognostic Breeding Application JMP Add-In, a program for constructing honeycomb designs and analyzing data for the efficient selection of superior plants and lines. The program displays powerful controls, allowing the user to create maps of any honeycomb design and visualize the selected plants in the field. Multi-year soybean data are used to demonstrate key features and graphic views of the most important steps.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Wound-Healing Properties of Extracts from Different Parts of Hylocereus polyrhizus
Authors: Tsai Yu , Lin Ching-Gong , Chen Wei-Lin , Huang Yu-Chun , Chen Cheng-Yu , Huang Keh-Feng , Yang Chao-Hsun
Published: January 2019

Hylocereus polyrhizus cultivation started in Taiwan around the 1980s. The pulp of the fruit is edible and contains small, black, and soft seeds. The peel of the fruits are covered with bracts. The H. polyrhizus fruit is known to be rich in nutrients and minerals. To evaluate the potential applications of the agricultural wastes of H. polyrhizus, the stem, peel, and flower of H. polyrhizus were extracted with solutions of ethanol and water mixed in different ratios. Data was collected for the H. polyrhizus extract including the yield of total phenolics, the total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity, as determined by the 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. The protective effects of H. polyrhizus extract on DNA was investigated using an assay with the pUC19 plasmid. The cell proliferation and migration effects were evaluated in the NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell line. The greatest yield of extract from the stem of H. polyrhizus was 44.70 ± 1.77% which was obtained using 50% aqueous ethanol and the greatest yield of extract from the peel was 43.47% using distilled water. The stem extract, which was prepared with 95% aqueous ethanol, had the highest composition of phenolics and flavonoids as well as the best DPPH radical scavenging activity. The stem extract had excellent ABTS radical scavenging activity as well. The stem, peel, and flower extracts, which were prepared using 95% aqueous ethanol, showed excellent results in protecting themselves from DNA damage, similar to the effect of 0.3 mg/mL ferulic acid. None of the extracts were able to promote cell proliferation at concentrations of 250 μg/mL to 2,000 μg/mL in a 24 h period. The 1000 μg/mL stem and flower extracts in 95% aqueous ethanol promoted considerable cell migration after a 24 h period.
Representing Rape Trauma in Film: Moving beyond the Event
Authors: Spallacci Amanda
Published: January 2019

Trauma theorists foreground the unrepresentability of trauma; however, with modern innovations in visual representation, such as the photograph and cinema, depictions of trauma have begun to circulate across different mediums for a variety of audiences. These images tend to problematically present the traumatic event rather than the effects of trauma, such as traumatic memory. Specifically, some contemporary Hollywood popular films and television series that include rape as their subject matter often include a rape scene that can evoke affects such as disgust or empathy, and while these affects can last the duration of the film, they fail to shift popular discourses about rape because affect is more productive when it focuses on effects instead of events. As trauma studies has shifted to memory studies in the Humanities, and rape has become more prominent in popular culture through the circulation of personal testimony on social media and memoir, depictions of rape in cinema have slowly started to change from presentations of rape scenes to representations of rape trauma that highlight different affects, such as shame. Using Monster (2003), Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011), Room (2015), and the television series, 13 Reasons Why (2017) and Sharp Objects (2018) as case studies, this paper argues that, for an audiovisual depiction of rape to shift popular discourses about rape, it would have to function rhetorically to widen the cultural understanding of rape trauma beyond the event, and demonstrate that rape trauma should be understood as part of the personal, unconscious, cultural, and visual mediation of traumatic memory.
A Case Study of Stratus Cloud Properties Using In Situ Aircraft Observations over Huanghua, China
Authors: Zhao Chuanfeng , Zhao Lijun , Dong Xiaobo
Published: January 2019

Cloud liquid water content (LWC) and droplet effective radius (re) have an important influence on cloud physical processes and optical characteristics. The microphysical properties of a three-layer pure liquid stratus were measured by aircraft probes on 26 April 2014 over a coastal region in Huanghua, China. Vertical variations in aerosol concentration (Na), cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) at supersaturation (SS) 0.3%, cloud LWC and cloud re are examined. Large Na in the size range of 0.1–3 μm and CCN have been found within the planetary boundary layer (PBL) below ~1150 m. However, Na and CCN decrease quickly with height and reach a level similar to that over marine locations. Corresponding to the vertical distributions of aerosols and CCN, the cloud re is quite small (3.0–6 μm) at heights below 1150 m, large (7–13 μm) at high altitudes. In the PBL cloud layer, cloud re and aerosol Na show a negative relationship, while they show a clear positive relationship in the upper layer above PBL with much less aerosol Na. It also shows that the relationship between cloud re and aerosol Na changes from negative to positive when LWC increases. These results imply that the response of cloud re to aerosol Na depends on the combination effects of water-competency and collision-coalescence efficiency among droplets. The vertical structure of aerosol Na and cloud re implies potential cautions for the study of aerosol-cloud interaction using aerosol optical depth for cloud layers above the PBL altitude.
Contact Semi-Riemannian Structures in CR Geometry: Some Aspects
Authors: Perrone Domenico
Published: January 2019

There is one-to-one correspondence between contact semi-Riemannian structures ( η , ξ , φ , g ) and non-degenerate almost CR structures ( H , ϑ , J ) . In general, a non-degenerate almost CR structure is not a CR structure, that is, in general the integrability condition for H 1 , 0 : = X − i J X , X ∈ H is not satisfied. In this paper we give a survey on some known results, with the addition of some new results, on the geometry of contact semi-Riemannian manifolds, also in the context of the geometry of Levi non-degenerate almost CR manifolds of hypersurface type, emphasizing similarities and differences with respect to the Riemannian case.
Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Coordination by Means of a Value Sensitive Design Approach
Authors: Umbrello Steven
Published: January 2019

This paper argues that the Value Sensitive Design (VSD) methodology provides a principled approach to embedding common values into AI systems both early and throughout the design process. To do so, it draws on an important case study: the evidence and final report of the UK Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence. This empirical investigation shows that the different and often disparate stakeholder groups that are implicated in AI design and use share some common values that can be used to further strengthen design coordination efforts. VSD is shown to be both able to distill these common values as well as provide a framework for stakeholder coordination.
Clinical Activity and Tolerability of SL-401 (Tagraxofusp): Recombinant Diphtheria Toxin and Interleukin-3 in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Alkharabsheh Omar , Frankel Arthur E.
Published: January 2019

Overcoming the leukemia stem cell resistance to intensive chemotherapy has been an area of extensive research over the last two decades. Advances and greater understanding of the molecular biology of leukemia stem cells are in rapid progress. Targeted therapies are currently being used in clinical practice with reasonable response rates, but a cure is being achieved in only a small percentage of patients, most likely due to tumor mutational heterogeneity. A genetically engineered diphtheria toxin fused with interleukin-3 (SL-401 or tagraxofusp) has shown robust activity in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm and promising response rates in different myeloid malignancies, including eradication of minimal residual disease. Multiple clinical trials are being conducted using this drug and the preliminary results are encouraging. This article reviews the clinical trials for SL-401, its mechanism of action, clinical activity, and the adverse event profile.
Mechanical and Typological Characterization of Traditional Stone Masonry Walls in Old Urban Centres: A Case Study in Viseu, Portugal
Authors: Domingues José Carlos , Ferreira Tiago Miguel , Vicente Romeu , Negrão João
Published: January 2019

Essential for any intervention in existing buildings, a thorough knowledge of both structural and material characteristics is even more important in the case of traditional stone masonry buildings, due both to the variability of this technology’s properties and the degradation buildings might have sustained. In Portugal, a number of in situ and laboratory experimental campaigns has allowed us in recent years to expand the knowledge on the mechanical properties of stone masonry walls. Nevertheless, the existence of different wall typologies built with the same material necessitates that this characterization takes into account the various regional constructive cultures. This paper presents the results obtained through an in-situ characterization campaign carried out in the old urban center of Viseu, for which there is no information available in the literature. Granite stone masonry walls of two different buildings were analyzed and characterized considering their geometrical and material features, contributing to the identification of stone masonry typologies present in the city’s old urban center. Flat-jack testing yielded resistance and deformability parameters to be used both in safety evaluation and intervention design. The properties obtained can be said to be consistent with those deriving from other experimental campaigns, conducted in granite walls of different typologies, throughout the country. Simultaneously, relevant conclusions about the use of flat-jacks to characterize this type of stone masonry were drawn.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of C in 2018
Authors:   C Editorial Office
Published: January 2019

Rigorous peer-review is the corner-stone of high-quality academic publishing [...]
Oxymatrine Attenuates Tumor Growth and Deactivates STAT5 Signaling in a Lung Cancer Xenograft Model
Authors: Jung Young Yun , Shanmugam Muthu K. , Narula Acharan S. , Kim Chulwon , Lee Jong Hyun , Namjoshi Ojas A. , Blough Bruce E. , Sethi Gautam , Ahn Kwang Seok
Published: January 2019

Oxymatrine (OMT) is a major alkaloid found in radix Sophorae flavescentis extract and has been reported to exhibit various pharmacological activities. We elucidated the detailed molecular mechanism(s) underlying the therapeutic actions of OMT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and a xenograft mouse model. Because the STAT5 signaling cascade has a significant role in regulating cell proliferation and survival in tumor cells, we hypothesized that OMT may disrupt this signaling cascade to exert its anticancer effects. We found that OMT can inhibit the constitutive activation of STAT5 by suppressing the activation of JAK1/2 and c-Src, nuclear localization, as well as STAT5 binding to DNA in A549 cells and abrogated IL-6-induced STAT5 phosphorylation in H1299 cells. We also report that a sub-optimal concentration of OMT when used in combination with a low dose of paclitaxel produced significant anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and causing substantial apoptosis. In a preclinical lung cancer mouse model, OMT when used in combination with paclitaxel produced a significant reduction in tumor volume. These results suggest that OMT in combination with paclitaxel can cause an attenuation of lung cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo.
Constitutive BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Can Be a Predisposing Event in Isolated Early-Onset Breast Cancer
Authors: Azzollini Jacopo , Pesenti Chiara , Pizzamiglio Sara , Fontana Laura , Guarino Carmela , Peissel Bernard , Plebani Maddalena , Tabano Silvia , Sirchia Silvia Maria , Colapietro Patrizia , Villa Roberta , Paolini Biagio , Verderio Paolo , Miozzo Monica , Manoukian Siranoush
Published: January 2019

Early age at onset of breast cancer (eoBC) is suggestive of an increased genetic risk. Although genetic testing is offered to all eoBC-affected women, in isolated cases the detection rate of pathogenic variants is <10%. This study aimed at assessing the role of constitutive promoter methylation at BC-associated loci as an underlying predisposing event in women with eoBC and negative family history. Promoter methylation at 12 loci was assessed by the MassARRAY technology in blood from 154 BRCA1/2 negative patients with eoBC and negative family history, and 60 healthy controls. Hypermethylation was determined, within each promoter, by comparing the patient’s mean methylation value with thresholds based on one-sided 95% bootstrap confidence interval of the controls’ mean. Three patients had hypermethylated results, two at BRCA1 and one at RAD51C. Analyses on tumor tissue from the patient exceeding the highest threshold at BRCA1 revealed a mean methylation >60% and loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 17q. The patient hypermethylated at RAD51C showed low methylation in the tumor sample, ruling out a role for methylation-induced silencing in tumor development. In isolated eoBC patients, BRCA1 constitutive promoter methylation may be a predisposing event. Further studies are required to define the impact of methylation changes occurring at BC-predisposing genes and their role in tumorigenesis.
Paroxetine Induces Apoptosis of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells through Ca2+-and p38 MAP Kinase-Dependent ROS Generation
Authors: Cho Young-Woo , Kim Eun-Jin , Nyiramana Marie Merci , Shin Eui-Jung , Jin Hana , Ryu Ji Hyeon , Kang Kee Ryeon , Lee Gyeong-Won , Kim Hye Jung , Han Jaehee , Kang Dawon
Published: January 2019

Depression is more common in women with breast cancer than the general population. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a group of antidepressants, are widely used for the treatment of patients with depression and a range of anxiety-related disorders. The association between the use of antidepressant medication and breast cancer is controversial. In this study, we investigated whether and how SSRIs induce the death of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Of the antidepressants tested in this study (amitriptyline, bupropion, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and tianeptine), paroxetine most reduced the viability of MCF-7 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The exposure of MCF-7 cells to paroxetine resulted in mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis, which is assessed by increase in the number of cells with sub-G1 DNA content, caspase-8/9 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Paroxetine increased a generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca2+ levels, and p38 MAPK activation. The paroxetine-induced apoptotic events were reduced by ROS scavengers and p38 MAPK inhibitor, and the paroxetine’s effect was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ level. Paroxetine also showed a synergistic effect on cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results showed that paroxetine induced apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through extracellular Ca2+-and p38 MAPK-dependent ROS generation. These results suggest that paroxetine may serve as an anticancer adjuvant to current cancer therapies for breast cancer patients with or without depression.
Efficient Heterogeneous Activation of Persulfate by Iron-Modified Biochar for Removal of Antibiotic from Aqueous Solution: A Case Study of Tetracycline Removal
Authors: Nguyen Van-Truc , Hung Chang-Mao , Nguyen Thanh-Binh , Chang Jih-Hsing , Wang Tsing-Hai , Wu Chung-Hsin , Lin Yi-Li , Chen Chiu-Wen , Dong Cheng-Di
Published: January 2019

Waste reutilization is always highly desired in the environmental engineering and science community. In this study, Fe-SCG biochar was functionalized by modifying spent coffee grounds (SCG) with magnetite (Fe3+) at 700 °C and applied for the oxidative removal of tetracycline (TC) with the presence of persulfate (PS). The effects of pH, dosage of biochar and sodium persulfate and initial TC concentration on TC degradation were investigated in a batch system. Our results show that higher TC degradation efficiency was obtained at low pH, low initial TC concentration, and at high dosages of PS and biochar. The highest removal efficiency (96%) was achieved by Fe-SCG/PS under the conditions of pH = 2.0, [Fe-SCG] = 2.5 g/L, [PS] = 60 mM and [TC] = 1 mM. The proposed Fe-SCG catalyst could be a promising effective biochar for the remediation of other emerging organic contaminants.
“PdO vs. PtO”—The Influence of PGM Oxide Promotion of Co3O4 Spinel on Direct NO Decomposition Activity
Authors: K. Reddy Gunugunuri , C. Peck Torin , A. Roberts Charles
Published: January 2019

Direct decomposition of NO into N2 and O2 (2NO→N2 + O2) is recognized as the “ideal” reaction for NOx removal because it needs no reductant. It was reported that the spinel Co3O4 is one of the most active single-element oxide catalysts for NO decomposition at higher reaction temperatures, however, activity remains low below 650 °C. The present study aims to investigate new promoters for Co3O4, specifically PdO vs. PtO. Interestingly, the PdO promoter effect on Co3O4 was much greater than the PtO effect, yielding a 4 times higher activity for direct NO decomposition at 650 °C. Also, Co3O4 catalysts with the PdO promoter exhibit higher selectivity to N2 compared to PtO/Co3O4 catalysts. Several characterization measurements, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and in situ FT-IR, were performed to understand the effect of PdO vs. PtO on the properties of Co3O4. Structural and surface analysis measurements show that impregnation of PdO on Co3O4 leads to a greater ease of reduction of the catalysts and an increased thermal stability of surface adsorbed NOx species, which contribute to promotion of direct NO decomposition activity. In contrast, rather than remaining solely as a surface species, PtO enters the Co3O4 structure, and it promotes neither redox properties nor NO adsorption properties of Co3O4, resulting in a diminished promotional effect compared to PdO.
Over-Expression of βII-Tubulin and Especially Its Localization in Cell Nuclei Correlates with Poorer Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ruksha Kseniya , Mezheyeuski Artur , Nerovnya Alexander , Bich Tatyana , Tur Gennady , Gorgun Julia , Luduena Richard , Portyanko Anna
Published: January 2019

Tubulin is a heterodimer of α and β subunits, both existing as isotypes differing in amino acid sequence encoded by different genes. Specific isotypes of tubulin have associations with cancer that are not well understood. Previous studies found that βII-tubulin is expressed in a number of transformed cells and that this isotype is found in cell nuclei in non-microtubule form. The association of βII expression and its nuclear localization with cancer progression has not previously been addressed. We here used a monoclonal antibody to βII to examine patients with colorectal cancer and found that patients whose tumors over-express βII have a greatly decreased life expectancy which is even shorter in those patients with nuclear βII. Our results suggest that βII-tubulin may facilitate cancer growth and metastasis and, to accomplish this, may not need to be in microtubule form. Furthermore, βII expression and localization could be a useful prognostic marker. We also found that βII appears in the nuclei of otherwise normal cells adjacent to the tumor. It is possible therefore that cancer cells expressing βII influence nearby cells to do the same and to localize βII in their nuclei by an as yet uncharacterized regulatory pathway.