bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Takım Sporu ile Bireysel Spor Yapan Öğrencilerin Sezinleme Zamanlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: AKBULUT Mehmet , AKTAĞ İşıl , AKPINAR Selçuk
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışma Hatay ilinde okul sporlarına katılan ortaokul 7. ve 8. sınıf takım sporu (basketbol-hentbol) ve bireysel spor (masa tenisi-badminton) yapan öğrencilerin sezinleme zamanlarının incelenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında Hatay ilinde okul sporlarına katılan okullardan 116 erkek, 121 kız öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, Lafayette Enstitü tarafından geliştirilen Bassin Anticipation Timer cihazı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde SPSS (17.0) kullanılarak, takım sporu yapan öğrenciler ile bireysel spor yapan öğrencilerin gruplar arasında, cinsiyete göre, spor deneyimine göre ve yaşa göre sezinleme zamanları arasında fark olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t testi veya tek yönlü Anova Testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlara bakıldığında, bireysel spor yapan öğrencilerin daha iyi sezinleme zamanına sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Kız öğrencilerle erkek öğrenciler arasında ve yaşlar (12-13-14) arasında sezinleme zamanında anlamlı fark elde edilmemiştir. Öğrencilerin spor deneyimlerine göre sezinleme zamanları arasındaki farklılıklara baktığımızda, 1 yıldır spor yapan öğrencilerin sezinleme zamanlarının 2 (iki), 3 (üç) ve 4 (dört) yıldır spor yapan öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara göre, bireysel sporlarda sezinleme zamanının takım sporlarına göre daha önemli olabileceği ve spor deneyiminin artması ile sezinleme zamanında gelişme olabileceği söylenebilir.
Beden Eğitimi Öğretmen Adaylarının Bakış Açısından “Engelliler İçin Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Dersi” Uygulamaları
Authors: ÖZER Dilara , SÜNGÜ Büşra
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı, engelliler için beden eğitimi ve spor (EBES) dersi uygulamalarını öğretmen adaylarının bakış açısı ile daha iyi anlamak ve daha nitelikli bir uygulama sürecinin planlanmasına katkı sağlamaktır. Temas kuramına (Allport, 1954) dayanan bu araştırmaya 2009 ve 2010 yılı güz yarıyıllarında EBES dersini alan toplam 84 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 8 açık uçlu soru kullanılmış ve veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, EBES uygulamaları unsurları başlığı altında “Temas” “Temasla dönüşmek” ve “Dönüşümün sınırlayıcıları” temaları elde edilmiştir. Sınırlı EBES ders saatlerine ve çoğu BEÖ adayının ilk kez engelli çocuklarla bir araya gelmelerine rağmen “Temasla dönüşmek” kapsamında dikkate değer olumlu değişimlerin gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Dönüşümün sınırlayıcılarını dikkate alarak yapılacak fırdüzenlemelerin ve uygulamaların temel ilkelerinin belirlenmesinin EBES uygulamalarının niteliğini artırması beklenmektedir.
“Sporcu Tükenmişlik Ölçeği”nin Türkçe Uyarlaması
Authors: KELECEK Selen , KARA Feyza Meryem , KAZAK ÇETİNKALP F. Zişan , AŞÇI F. Hülya
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Raedeke ve Smith (2001)tarafından geliştirilen “Sporcu TükenmişlikÖlçeği”nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerliği vegüvenirliğinin test edilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda“Sporcu Tükenmişlik Ölçeği” 79 kadın, 128erkek olmak üzere toplam 207 (Ortyaş: 20.57 􀁲 3.62)sporcuya uygulanmıştır. Sporcu Tükenmişlik Ölçeği15 madde ve 3 alt boyuttan (Azalan Başarı Hissi,Duygusal/Fiziksel Tükenme ve Duyarsızlaşma) oluşmaktadırve 5’li Likert tipinde değerlendirilmektedir.Verilerin analizinde, yapı geçerliğine ilişkin olarakdoğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve iç tutarlığınbelirlenmesi için ise Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik analizikullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Sporda GüdülenmeÖlçeği ve Kendini Fiziksel Algılama Envanteri ileyakınsak geçerlik; Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ile deeş zamanlı geçerlik test edilmiştir. Yapı geçerliğineilişkin bulgular, orijinal anketin üç faktör yapısıylatutarlıdır [SB-􀁆2 (df = 66) = 185.70, RMSEA = 0.06,SRMR = 0.05, NFI = 0.92, NNFI= 0.94, CFI = 0.96, GFI= 0.92]. İç tutarlık katsayılarının ise 0.75 ile 0.87 arasındadeğiştiği belirlenmiştir. Eş zamanlı geçerlik içinyapılan analiz sonucunda Sporcu Tükenmişlik Ölçeğialt boyutları ile Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği’ne ait altboyutlar arasındaki korelasyon değerlerinin anlamlıolduğu görülmüştür (p<.01). Yakınsak geçerlik analiziiçin ele alınan içsel güdülenme, güdülenmeme vesportif yeterlik alt boyutları ile Sporcu TükenmişlikÖlçeği’nin alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkinin de anlamlıolduğu (p<.01); ancak dışsal güdülenme alt boyutu ileanlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı görülmüştür (p>.01).BulgularSporcu Tükenmişlik Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlamasınınsporcuların hangi boyutlarda tükenme yaşadıklarınıbelirlemek için yeterli düzeyde psikometrik özellikleresahip olduğunu göstermiştir.
Prepubertal Amatör Cimnastikçilerde Dinamik Denge, Dikey Sıçrama ve Gövde Stabilitesi Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖZMEN Tarık , GÜNEŞ Gökçe Yağmur
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, prepubertal amatör cimnastikçilerde dinamik denge, sıçrama performansı ve gövde stabilitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 38 çocuk (ortalama yaş, 7.94 􀁲 0.32 yıl) katılmıştır. Katılımcıların dinamik dengesi, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) anterior (A), posteromedial (PM) ve posterolateral (PL) yönlerde değerlendirilmiştir. Gövde stabilitesi, gövde fleksiyon, lateral köprü ve gövde ekstansiyon testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Dikey sıçrama performansı için squat sıçrama yüksekliği kontak matı kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. SEBT’nin A (p=0.044), PL (p=0.001) uzanma yönleri ile gövde fleksiyon testi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Aynı zamanda hem gövde fleksiyon (p=0.032) hem de gövde ekstansiyon (p=0.048) testi ile squat sıçrama yüksekliği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, gövde stabilitesinin prepubertal amatör cimnastikçilerde, dinamik denge ve dikey sıçrama yüksekliği ile kısmen ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Congenital chicken pox: a clinical case of a child at the age of 6 days
Authors: Timchenko Vladimir N. , Kaplina Tatyana A. , Bannova Svetlana L. , Subbotina Maria D. , Sukhovetskaya Vera F. , Bulina Oksana V.
Published: April 2018

Chicken pox can be both acquired and congenital. The information is presented in the form of a diagram on the incidence of chickenpox in St. Petersburg, which shows that among children, the most common are children aged 3 to 6 years. A brief etiology of the varicella virus, a clinical picture, describing the typical and atypical forms of the disease. Due to the airborne pathway and the high infectivity of the infection, there is a risk of contracting seronegative pregnant women, which is 50%. It has been established that for 1,000 deliveries there are from 1 to 5 cases of chicken pox. In addition, the flow of chicken pox and lethality depends on the possibility of transmitting from mother to child protective specific maternal antibodies. Features of infection in pregnant women and fetus, the severity of intrauterine infection, depending on the timing of infection are described. The characteristics of varicella and neonatal chickenpox syndrome, as well as nonspecific clinical manifestations of the infectious process in the newborn are presented. We describe our own clinical observation of congenital varicella in a 6-day-old child, born from a mother who fell ill four days before the birth. The inclusion in the complex therapy of children with congenital chickenpox recombinant interferon-α2β with antioxidants (viferon rectal suppositories) contributes to the rapid positive dynamics of clinical symptoms, easier flow, prevents the layering of acute respiratory infections, reduces the material costs of treatment.
Features of species composition of intestinal bifidobacterium and microbial metabolism profile in children of the first half of life depending on the way of delivery
Authors: Bulatova Elena M. , Shabalov Alexandr M. , Bogdanova Natalia M. , Shilov Alexandr I. , Oganesiyan Emma G. , Kuritsyna Nadezhda S.
Published: April 2018

Changes of intestinal microbiome in first year of life, related with cesarean section, are the most unfavorable and have long-term negative immunological and metabolic effects. The aim of the study. Evaluate the species composition of Bifidobacterium, range of Short-chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) in feces in children, who were born by natural way or with cesarean section, for clarification their diagnostic value in the process of formation of microbiocenosis in children. Materials and methods. Exa mined 60 children in the age of 4-6 months. 48 children were born in natural way and 12 were born by cesarean section. All of them were full-term and were on breastfeeding. Functional disorders of digestion were noted in 49 children (81,7%). Researchs that were conducted: microbiological examination of feces, typing of Bifidobacterium (PCR), definition of SCFA (C2 – acetic acid, C3 – propionic acid, C4 – butyric acid, C5 – valeric acid, C6 – caproic acid) content in feces. Results. III-grade dysbiotic changes in intestines were found significantly less in natural-way born (NW) children in comparison with cesarean section (CS) born children (14,58 и 33,33%; p < 0,05). In natural-way born children, infant strains of Bifidobacterium were not detected just in 12.5% but after cesarean section in 25% (p < 0,05). One infant strain of Bifidobacterium was in 41,67% of NW born children and in 25% CS born children (p > 0,05). Established, that content of acetic acid was significantly higher in NW born children (1,59 ± 0,75 и 1,04 ± 0,56; p < 0,05). Conclusion. In CS born children, impoverishment of the intestines by infantile species of Bifidobacterium, lower content of acetic acid, were detected significantly more often. It shows decrease of activity and amount of obligatory anaerobic bacteria (Bifidum-, Lacto-) in intestines, increased activity of opportunistic flora. That can be used in practical healthcare with diagnostic purpose.
Training of specialists and development of design regulatory framework for Russian magnetic levitation transport systems
Authors: Shmatchenko Vladimir V. , Plekhanov Pavel A. , Roenkov Dmitry N. , Ivanov Victor G.
Published: April 2018

The article deals with the issues of training of specialists and development of design regulatory framework for Russia’s magnetic levitation transport systems.
Introduction: The development of maglev technologies in Russia requires solving the task of training specialists and developing the design regulatory framework for the magnetic levitation transport systems (MLTS). The MLTS related specific issues, namely traction, levitation, lateral stabilisation, power supply systems as well as overall safety, should receive special attention.
Analysis: The maglev transport technology is a further development of a conventional “wheel-track” technology, employing the linear motor and the magnetic levitation system (electromagnetic, electrodynamic, the permanent magnets-based system, and combined types). Each type of MLTS possesses its advantages and limitations, which points at the necessity to justify the choice of an optimal technology.
A crucial issue is to choose (develop) a linear motor for MLTS on the basis of the four related aspects: electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical, and the cost related one.
Another significant issue is the overall safety provision of MLTS. The elaboration of the quality management system should be carried out in accordance with all stages of the life cycle of the wheel-track transport, which is specified in EN 50126, EN 50128, and EN 50129.
Methodology: The methodological base of training specialists and developing the design regulatory framework should become a systematic approach. The necessity of the application of this approach lies in the variety and complexity of physical processes of MLTS. The development of the project and working documentation of the design and construction of MLTS in the territory of Russia should be carried out in accordance with the active Russian legislation, which specifies the application of Special Technical Regulations for new technical systems.
Conclusion: As of today, it is reasonable to develop the training of specialists for MLTS on the basis of the qualification upgrade and professional retraining programmes of the engineering staff, who already possess the fundamental railway education. All the necessary expertise and competences are available at Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University. For many years, the university’s specialists have been working on the development of the maglev technologies in Russia both on the basis of their own researches and on the study and generalisation of the national and international experience. They have also been developing the projects of the design regulatory framework for future MLTS.
Searching for Haknip Achukma (Good Health): Challenges to Food Sovereignty Initiatives in Oklahoma
Authors: Mihesuah Devon
Published: April 2018

In the last three decades, tribes have initiated numerous food projects, including seed distribution, farmers' markets, cattle and bison ranching, and community and school gardens. These enterprises are steps towards achieving what many food activists refer to as “food sovereignty,” that is, tribal self-sufficiency and the ability to supply nutritious and affordable foods to tribal members. As many food activists have discovered, food production and distribution and maintaining healthy environments for farming, hunting, and gathering involve a complex meshing of social, political, religious, economic, and environmental concerns. Oklahoma is home to thirty-eight tribal nations. The state's multifaceted history, environmental issues, and current politics—including uneven food quality, poor indigenous health, intratribal factionalism, racism, and the glaring dichotomy of affluence and extreme poverty—presents opportunities for discussion about food initiatives. This paper discusses the meaning of “food sovereignty” and uses examples from Oklahoma to address some challenges of creating self-sufficient food systems and reconnecting tribal members with their traditional foodways.
Effect of police training during the confinement period on some cardiopulmonary and hematological parameters in Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed O. , Abdallah Isam M. , Ali Ibrahim A. , Musa Omer A.
Published: April 2018

Background: Pulmonary function tests (PFT) serve as a tool of health assessment and as a predictor of occupational fitness. Police officers must develop and maintain high levels of physical fitness for physical demanding tasks they perform. The training program starts with confinement of five to eight weeks according to the trainee. Previously it has been shown that the police students have better lung functions values compared to their civilian colleagues. In this study the effect of the confinement training on pulmonary function tests was investigated.Methods: Eighty one policemen trainee were randomly selected from a new batch in the faculty of police sciences and Law, the National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan at their starting confinement period. Subjects were medically fit with no history of Diabetes, Hypertension, Asthma or use of any long term medications. Pulmonary function tests (FVC, FEV1 and PEFR) were performed using a micro-plus spirometer. Blood pressure, pulse rate, and hemoglobin were measured. All these were repeated at the end of the confinement.Results: The age of participants ranged from 24 to 26 years. FVC, FEV1 and PEFR significantly increased after the confinement period. The blood pressure and the pulse significantly decreased. The weight of the participants decreased after the confinement but Hb significantly slightly increased.Conclusions: Regular police training during the confinement improved the pulmonary and cardiovascular reserve function.
Bacteriological evaluation of bladder calculi: a study
Authors: Singh Priyanka
Published: April 2018

Background: Despite modern antibiotic therapy and technological advances in lithotripsy, the presence of infection in patients with urinary stones, as well as with infectious stones is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Recent findings lend more theories as to how infection leads to stone formation.Methods: Bacteriological study was conducted on pre-operative urine and operated bladder stones. Pre-operative urine samples were collected aseptically for macroscopic and microscopic examination. Both pre-operative urine and operated renal stones were processed for bacteriological culture. The isolated microorganisms were identified by standard techniques.Results: Urinary tract infection was present in 27.88% cases. Majority of cases urine culture was positive (12.5%). E. coli was the commonest organism pseudomonas aerogenosa 3.84% klebsiella aureogenosa 1.92%, staphylococcus aureus and proteus 0.96% present in and mixed organism was found in 3.84% cases.Conclusions: This study revealed the following aspect: The incidence of urinary stone was higher in patient having predisposing factor: recurrent UTI, Urinary Stasis, Inadequent water intake, anatomical abnormality in urinary tract. The prepoderent microorganism found in stone and urine is E coli, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus.
Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jain Swapnil , Nawal C. L. , Singh Amandeep , Chejara Radhey Shyam , Barasara Sagar , Marker Sebastian
Published: April 2018

Background: Diastolic dysfunction in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus represents an earlier stage in the natural history of cardiomyopathy. This study was done to assess the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed (<5yr) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Echocardiography and also to determine association of glycemic status (by HBA1c levels) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).Methods: An observational descriptive study involving 100 diabetic patients, taken on first come first serve basis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. In all the subjects, other than routine investigations, HbA1c was estimated and echocardiography was done to evaluate LVDD.Results: Mean value of HbA1c in the study was 8.31+ 1.408 %. 63 out of 100 subjects had LVDD. There was significant positive correlation between HbA1c and LVDD (p value <0.001). As HbA1c increased, severity of LVDD increased. In this study, as BMI increased, HbA1c and LVDD increased & both findings were statistically significant (p value =0.001).Conclusion: Our study indicates that myocardial damage in patients with diabetes affects diastolic function before systolic function &higher HbA1C level is strongly associated with presence of LVDD. Patients should be advised strict control of diabetes in order to reduce the risk for developing LVDD which is a precursor for more advanced disease.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diastolic dysfunction, BMI, HbA1c
Comparison of real time PCR with phenotypic methods in bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosis of sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Agarwal Abhishek , Pandey Saurav , Verma S. K. , Verma Anand , Raza Tasleem , Kant Surya
Published: April 2018

Background: Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is of utmost importance for proper control of the disease in the patient. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is usually by acid fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination and culture Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In this study, we have employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MTB in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) along with AFB smear and culture MTB for early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Era’s Lucknow medical college and Hospital, Lucknow over a period of two years. A total of 123 previously treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled for the study whose two sputum smear samples were negative for AFB. These patients underwent fibreoptic bronchoscopy and BAL was obtained which was sent for AFB smear, culture MTB and PCR for MTB.Results: The examination of BAL revealed the highest sensitivity for culture MTB at 87.4% followed by PCR for MTB at 73.8% and then AFB smear at 61.2%. PCR for MTB helped in diagnosing an additional 12% patients of pulmonary tuberculosis which were negative on AFB smear and an additional 6.8% patients which were negative on culture MTB.Conclusions: PCR for MTB is useful in making an early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis especially in paucibacillary cases negative on AFB smear and also in some culture MTB negative patients.
Effect of yoga and meditation on serum cortisol level in first-year medical students
Authors: Kumar Kislay , Singh Vinay , Kumar Devesh , Asthana A. B. , Mishra Divya
Published: April 2018

Background: Yoga is a traditional technique to conserve and purify body, mind and soul. It is a mind-body bridge which involves relaxation, meditation and a set of physical exercises performed in association with breathing. In this new era of evolution, most of the population are depressed or in stress, irrespective of their age and gender.Methods: This study is performed on 1st yr. medical students whose stress level is in higher side due to academic burden. An 55 medical students were selected as participants through counseling and were divided into yoga group (n= 27) and control group (n=28). Their morning serum cortisol level was assessed, and yoga group were instructed to practice yoga (1hr/day for 12 weeks) under supervision of yoga instructor. No such instruction was given to control group.Results: Serum cortisol level is the marker of stress and inflammation. Higher cortisol level means high stress level. Yoga and meditation is documented to reduce stress level in regular practitioners.  Statistical analysis has shown decrease in morning serum cortisol level (572.18±168.03 to 544.98±139.89, 4.8% decrease, P value ˂0.05, significant) in yoga group after study. Control group have shown marked increase in cortisol level (558.89±162.69 to 577.26±254.5, 3.4% increase, P value = 0.74, not significant) after three months of study.Conclusions: This study concludes that practicing Yoga has a significant effect on the reduction of stress and anxiety level in medical students.
Study of clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic profile in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Chaudhari Rajan , Shrimali Lalit
Published: April 2018

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is defined as a disease formal categorized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Electrocardiography (ECG) carries information about cardiac disease and prognosis in COPD patients. However, Echocardiography provides a rapid, noninvasive, portable, and accurate method to evaluate cardiac functions.Methods: A 100 patients of COPD fulfilling the inclusion criteria coming to OPD/wards of Medicine, Gitanjali medical college and Hospital, Udaipur were recruited. They were staged by pulmonary function test (PFT) and evaluated by electrocardiography and echocardiography. Statistical analysis of correlation was done with chi square test and statistical significance was taken p<0.05.Results: Mean age was 52.54±9.55 years, with male preponderance, male to female ratio 4.55:1. Mean duration of disease was 6.36±4.14 years. The common symptoms were Breathlessness (100%). Most common ECG and ECHO finding was RAD (52%) and PAH (54%) respectively. Statistically Right axis deviation and Poor ‘r’ wave progression was significantly correlated with disease severity by ECG findings while R.A. dilatation, R.V. dilatation and Pulmonary hypertension were significantly correlated with disease severity by ECHO findings (p<0.05).Conclusions: COPD is more common in males and in the 5th and 6th decade of life. Most of the patients have fairly advanced disease at presentation. The incidence of abnormalities of ECG and echocardiography increases with COPD severity. ECG and echocardiography are better tools than clinical methods in detecting R.V. dysfunction in COPD.
Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Ponnaganti Satyanarayana Chowdary , Undavalli Vamsi Krishna , Sayyad Asha Parveen , Narni Hanumanth , Muthe Amarnath
Published: April 2018

Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge in present phase of socio-demographic and epidemiological transition leading to various complications causing high mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to observe changing trends prevalence of hypertension and its association with major risk factors in rural community.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out among 1500 individuals (654 men and 846 women) aged 18-65 years living in villages under rural field practice area of Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Chinaoutpally, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. Information on socio-demographic data and risk factors was obtained. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured.Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was 130±19mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 86±11mmHg. The mean age, waist circumference and BMI are 40±13 years, 85±11cm’s and 24±4kg/m2 respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension in the age group of 18-65 years was reported to be 27.7% and 24.3% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher with increasing age, BMI, positive family history and low physical activity.Conclusions: Hypertension is one of the major public health problems in India with a long preclinical phase i.e. pre hypertension. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity and tobacco consumption are the modifiable risk factors associated with high prevalence of hypertension. These observations re-emphasize the need to follow effective preventive interventions such as healthy life style with regular physical activity and healthy dietary practices to be adopted to prevent hypertension.
A rare case of neomercazole induced hepatitis
Authors: Varma Muralidhar , Mansingh Jaikaran , Sivakumar Devyani , Dhalla Rabia , Vidyasagar Sudha , B. Nandakrishna
Published: April 2018

Neomercazole is one of the most commonly used drugs to treat hyperthyroidism. Common side effects include rash, hair loss and agranulocytosis. Hepatotoxicity is a common side effect of Propylthiouracil, the other major antithyroid drug, but it has been rarely described as a side effect of neomercazole. Here, a patient presents with hepatitis 6 months after starting neomercazole therapy for graves disease. Diagnosis is based on excluding other causes of hepatitis, and treatment involves removing the offending drug. This is followed by normalization of liver function. Rechallenging should not be done as it can lead to recurrence of symptoms.
Liver abscess caused by Serratia grimesii in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Balakrishna Arjun M. , Mahto Subodh K. , Goel Mishita , Goel Atul , Mitrolia Bobby
Published: April 2018

In tropical and subtropical countries, the most common cause of liver abscess is Entamoeba histolytica. However, pyogenic infections are common due to bacteria like Kleibsella pneumonia followed by Escherichchia coli and enterococcus species. The possibility of atypical organisms should be considered especially with recurrent liver abscess. We report a case of recurrent liver abscess caused by Serratia grimesii in an immunocopetent individual. Early isolation of the organism along with drug susceptibility testing would make a marked difference in improving the management of the patient and associated prognosis.
A study of clinical profile of hypospadias cases at a medical college hospital of South Gujarat, India
Authors: Gohil Ajit , Nema Archana
Published: April 2018

Background: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly in which the anterior urethra is incompletely developed and does not extend to the tip of the glans penis. The present study was aimed to study clinical profile of hypospadias cases at a medical college hospital of southern Gujarat.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat, India including 32 patients of hypospadias. Data collected for each patient included age, sex, demography, and major symptoms, duration of symptoms and relevant past and treatment history.Results: Out of 32, 9 (28%) patients are between 4 years to 6 years of age and mean age of presentation of patients of hypospadias is 7.55 years. Twenty seven (84%) patients of Hypospadias were associated with prepucial hood, 17 (53%) patients of Hypospadias were associated with meatal stenosis, 6 (19%) patients of hypospadiasis were associated with severe chordee and 2 (6%) patients associated with narrow urethral plates.Conclusions: T Most cases of hypospadias were presented at age 9 years and below. Most common type of hypospadias was coronal and distal penile followed by penoscrotal type. Hypospadias was associated with prepucial hood (84%), meatal stenosis (53%), Chordee (19%) and narrow urethral plates (6%) out of total cases. Hypospadias was associated with undescended testis, bilateral retractile testis, cervical rib, mental retardation and microcephaly with mental retardation, squint and bifid tongue.
Early complications of ultrasound guided central vein catheterization in children
Authors: Arda Mehmet Surhan
Published: April 2018

Background: Since mid-20th century Central Venous Catheter (CVC) has been in use. Cut-down was the initial approach that was followed by Seldinger method. Thereafter, anatomic land-mark has been recommended and finally it was switched to ultrasound (USG) guidance. In adults the lower complication and higher success rates of USG guided catheterization has been reported. However, in children, although it was accepted that USG guidance lowers puncture rates, increased success and decreased complication by USG was controversial.  Methods: Between 01/07/2014 and 31/12/2017 records of patients that were younger than five years old and that were undergone USG guided CVC placing have been extracted. The early complications due to catheterization was evaluated.Results: A total 259 patients met our criteria. All of them have placed catheter successfully whereas mean puncture rate was 1.32. The 18.9% of them necessitated repetitive procedures of whom 44.9% (n= 22) of them have been catheterized from the previous central line. Thrombosis was detected in only 2.7% (n= 7) of them. Arterial puncture was noticed in four.Conclusions: USG guided central vein catheterization is safe and reliable with lower complication. It could be speculated that lower puncture rates might have great influence on patency of vessels.
Effect of marsupialization on the healing of fistulotomy wounds of simple anal fistula: a randomized control trial
Authors: Raslan Mohamed M.
Published: April 2018

Background: An anal fistula is traditionally treated by fistulotomy, adding marsupialization of fistulotomy wounds is optional. The aim of the current study was to compare the outcomes of fistulotomy with marsupialization and fistulotomy alone for simple anal fistula on healing rates and post-operative complicationsMethods: 50 patients with simple anal fistula randomly allocated to two groups fistulotomy alone group (F)and fistulotomy with marsupialization group(FM). The primary outcome was the healing time secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, operating time, incontinence and recurrence.Results: Mean age of group (F) patients was 37.55 ± 1.96 years with a male: female ratio of 19:6 while the mean age of group (FM) patients was 36.30 ± 3.03 years with a male: female ratio of 21:4. Mean operative time in the group (F) was 23.5±3.3 minutes while in the group (FM) It was 29.00± 4.595 minutes difference is statistically significant. Mean time for complete healing in group (F) was 6.9 ±0.73 weeks while in group (FM) was 4.80 ±0.96 weeks difference is significant statistically. Mean postoperative pain score by visual analogue scale in the group (F) was 3.4 ± 1.2 while in the group (FM) it was 3.3 ± 1.3 this difference is statistically non-significant. No recurrences or incontinence.Conclusions: Study demonstrated faster-wound healing when adding marsupialization to fistulotomy compared to fistulotomy alone. There is an increase operative time with marsupialization. This effect is minimal when compared with the benefits of enhanced healing. Limitations are mainly the inadequate sample size and inadequate follow-up period.
Changing clinical profile of malaria at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rathod Shital N. , Chavan Arvind , Sharma Shilpa , Rathod Tushar , Khan Nihal , Bavdhankar Koustubh
Published: April 2018

Background: There is a widespread range of diverse typical and atypical manifestations of malaria. The diagnosis of malaria may escape the attention of treating physician due to its unusual and vague presentations.The morbidity and mortality due to malaria is increased due to lack of early diagnosis and right treatment. The Aim of the present study was to examine the changing clinical pattern of malaria with special attention to atypical presentations.Methods: The present study comprised of 630 cases of definitively diagnosed malaria.Diagnostic methods used were conventional thick and thin peripheral smear stained with Leishman stain and rapid malarial antigen test.Results: This study revealed atypical symptoms like lack of taste (1.3%), throat discomfort (13.33%) and cough (24.0%) and vomiting (52.4%) as presenting complaints. These were significantly more in patients with P. vivax infestations.Conclusions: A high degree of suspicion is necessary for early detection and treatment of malaria, especially of unusual presentations.
Management of sub-trochanteric femoral fractures in adults using proximal femoral nail in lateral position: a prospective study
Authors: Abdul Aziz Ansari Muqtadeer , Jaju Rahul Gopikishan , Deshmukh Ajit J.
Published: April 2018

Background: Subtrochanteric fractures are devastating injuries that not only affect the elderly but also the young. Despite marked improvement in implant design, surgical technique and patient care; subtrochanteric fractures continue to consume a substantial proportion of our health care resources.

Methods: This prospective study consists of 20 adult patients of subtrochanteric fractures of femur, who were treated with internal fixation using PFN. All patients were followed up at an interval of 4 to 6 weeks till fracture union and then once in 3 months till 1 year.

Results: Anatomical results are noted as good or poor depending upon shortening, varus deformity, hip movements and knee movements and functional result as excellent, good, fair and poor depending upon the hip pain, ambulatory status, ability to squat, and sit cross leg. In the study 2 patients had shortening of l cm. None of the patients had any varus deformity. Overall excellent to good results were achieved in 85% cases.

Conclusions: The potential advantages of the proximal femoral nail over extramedullary devices with regards to minimal invasiveness due to closed technique and minimal soft tissue dissection, better biomechanical design to prevent implant failure and ability to bear more stress, shows that this technique holds considerable promise in complex fractures. Early rehabilitation, less blood loss, less surgical trauma, cosmetic incision, make it the implant of choice in complex, comminuted unstable subtrochanteric fractures in adults.
A prospective comparative study of internal fixation of diaphyseal forearm fractures with LCP and DCP in above 50 year age group
Authors: Reddy P. Amarnath , Dinesh Reddy C.
Published: April 2018

Background: In orthopedic practice forearm bone fracture is commonly encountered fracture. Forearm plays a vital role in day to day activities without which a person is unable to perform his role in his own life. It has been estimated that around 31% of the total fractures of the upper limb are of forearm fractures. The objective of the study was to study and compare internal fixation of diaphyseal forearm fractures with LCP and DCP in above 50 year age group

Methods: Present study was hospital based study. This was a prospective study. A total of 50 patients with fracture of both bones in the forearm were included in the present study. They were divided randomly as 25 patients in each group. They were followed for about eight months.

Results: Both the groups in the present study were found to be comparable in terms of age, sex, mode of injury, type of injury and level of fracture. It took only 13.83 weeks for radiological union in LCP group and it took a longer in DCP group of 15.33 weeks. This difference was found to be statistically significant. Overall functional results were almost same in both the groups. Excellent in 36 cases (19 in LCP, 17 in DCP), Good in 10 cases (4 in LCP, 6 in DCP), fair in 4 cases (2 in each group).

Conclusions: It has been concluded from the present study that union of fracture after LCP had taken significantly lesser time as compared to the DCP technique. Hence especially in persons above 50 years, LCP should be used.
Sorafenib induced pustular psoriasis in a patient of hepatocellular carcinoma: a rare case report
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Bassi Roopam , Kaur Manpreet
Published: April 2018

Pustular psoriasis is the least common form of psoriasis characterized by the formation of psoriatic plaques studded with pustules. Sorafenib is an oral multi-targeted kinase inhibitor approved for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. We report a biopsy proven case of pustular psoriasis induced by Sorafenib in a patient of hepatocelluar carcinoma. Cutaneous adverse effects with Sorafenib are rare but are not life threatening. We are reporting this case because of the rarity of association and for highlighting the need for early detection and management.
Produção e qualidade do meloeiro sob osmocondicionamento da semente e níveis de salinidade da água
Authors: Pereira Edna Dantas , Fernandes de Queiroga Roberto Cleiton , Da Silva Zaqueu Lopes , Ferreira Rayana Pereira , Assis Lamartine Eduardo , De Sousa Francimalba Francilda
Published: April 2018

A intensa evaporação, deficiência em drenagem e uso inadequado de fertilizantes têm aumentado os problemas com a salinidade, ocasionando prejuízos no rendimento das culturas. Objetivou-se avaliar a produção e qualidade do meloeiro em função do osmocondicionamento da semente e níveis de salinidade da água. O experimento foi realizado no delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas do tipo 4 x 2, com quatro repetições. A parcela foi composta por quatro níveis de salinidade da água (0,3, 1,0, 1,7 e 2,4 dS m-1) e nas sub parcelas de plantas oriundas de sementes osmocondicionadas (tratadas e não tratadas com solução salina de NaCl). A cultivar utilizada foi a Rangers do grupo Cantaloupe, cultivada no espaçamento de 2,0 x 0,4 m. As características avaliadas foram relacionadas à produção e qualidade dos frutos de melão. O osmocondicionamento das sementes em solução de NaCl afetou os componentes de produção do meloeiro em que a massa do fruto foi maior em plantas advindas de sementes tratadas com NaCl. A massa do fruto contribuiu mais do que o número de frutos por planta na formação da produtividade da cultura e que essa diferença foi significativa apenas em condições de baixa salinidade da água de 0,3 dS m-1. A qualidade do fruto do meloeiro não foi alterada pelo osmocondicionamento da semente com NaCl e plantas irrigadas com água de salinidade de 2,4 dS m-1 reduziram sua produção e qualidade de frutos de melão.
Capacidade de rizobactérias na solubilização de fosfato e síntese de ácido indol acético em feijão caupi
Authors: Rocha Weslany Silva , Santos Manoel Mota dos , Colonia Brigitte Sthepani Orozco , Chagas Junior Aloisio Freitas
Published: April 2018

As espécies de rhizobia são conhecidas como microorganismos efetivos para melhorar a fertilidade do solo, como solos de Cerrado com deficiência de crescimento da planta e problemas de fixação de nitrogênio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de solubilização de fosfato e síntese de ácido indol acético de isolados de rizóbio obtidos de solos de Cerrado em Tocantins, avaliando a eficiência simbiótica dos mesmos em plantas de feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). Foram utilizados 32 isolados de rizóbio e uma espécie referência de Bradyrhizobium, onde foram avaliadas a capacidade de solubilização de fosfato e síntese de ácido indool acético (AIA), in vitro, e capacidade simbiótica dos isolados de rizóbio e o efeito na biomassa de feijão caupi em casa de vegetação. Dos 32 isolados e a estirpes referência, apenas oito obtiveram capacidade de solubilizar fosfato de cálcio, e todos os isolados produziram AIA. Houve aumento significativo para a biomassa e nodulação de feijão caupi com a inoculação de diferentes isolados de rizóbio, com os isolados UFT R122 e UFT R124 com os maiores valores para os parâmetros estudados, com aumentos acima de 33% para a eficiência relativa em relação ao tratamento com adubação nitrogenada. Associando-se os resultados de capacidade de solubilização de fosfato, síntese de AIA e eficiência simbiótica e nodulação, observou-se que os isolados que apresentaram bom desempenho são potenciais inoculantes para o feijão caupi em solos de Cerrado.
Crescimento inicial de mudas de pinhão manso cultivadas em solos de diferentes texturas
Authors: Sousa Kidyaveline Lacerda de , Viegas Ricardo Almeida , Viana Simone Gomes , Barroso Roberto Ferreira , Silva Francisco De Assis da , Lucena Rosivania Jeronimo de
Published: April 2018

O pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) é uma planta oleaginosa que apresenta elevado potencial para produção de biocombustíveis, contudo pouco é conhecido sobre técnicas de cultivo desta espécie, principalmente com relação à produção de mudas de qualidade o que propicia elevadas taxas de sobrevivência no campo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de plantas jovens de pinhão-manso cultivadas em solos com diferentes texturas, em condições controladas de casa de vegetação no município de Patos, Paraíba. Foram avaliados os efeitos de cinco composições de substratos (tratamentos): areia de rio 100%; material de solo argiloso 100%; areia de rio 50% + material de solo argiloso 50%; areia de rio 75% + material de solo argiloso 25%; areia de rio 25% + material de solo argiloso 75%. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Foi determinada a altura de planta, o diâmetro caulinar, a área foliar, o número de folhas e a massas seca das raízes e da parte aérea. Os resultados do presente estudos mostram que plantas jovens de pinhão-manso respondem diferentemente à variação da textura do solo; de forma geral, parâmetros importantes como diâmetro caulinar e massa seca da parte aérea mostraram certa sensibilidade ao substrato com mais argila. Considerando efeito positivo para a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, o substrato composto por material de solo argiloso 75% + areia de rio 25% foi aquele que proporcionou mudas de pinhão-manso com melhor qualidade.
Concentrações de óleo de cravo, benzocaína e cloreto de sódio durante a simulação de transporte de Tilápia do Nilo
Authors: Bizarro Yvonaldo Wlademir Saldanha , Navarro Fernanda Keley Silva Pereira , Navarro Rodrigo Diana
Published: April 2018

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de óleo-de-cravo (eugenol), benzocaína e cloreto de sódio no tempo de indução e retorno e na taxa de sobrevivência de Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), durante a simulação de transporte de 5 horas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 9 tratamentos em três repetições: Tratamento 1: controle, Tratamento 2: benzocaína 20 mg/L, Tratamento 3: benzocaína 40 mg/L, Tratamento 4: eugenol 3 ml/L, Tratamento 5: eugenol 6 ml/L, Tratamento 6: 3 ml/L de eugenol + 5 g/L de sal, Tratamento 7: 6 ml de eugenol + 10 g/L de sal, Tratamento 8: sal 5 g/L, Tratamento 9: sal 10 g/L. Não foi observada diferença significativa para taxa de sobrevivência imediata, taxa de sobrevivência entre 24 e 48 horas. Em relação ao tempo de indução, este foi inferior e significativo para os tratamentos de benzocaína 40 mg/L, eugenol 6 ml/L e a associação entre 6 ml/L de eugenol mais 10g/L de sal em relação aos demais tratamentos. O tempo de retorno dos anestésicos benzocaína 40mg/L, eugenol 6 ml/L e conjugação entre 6ml/L de eugenol e 10g/L sal foi menor em relação aos tratamentos com menor concentração. A taxa de sobrevivência demonstrou resultados satisfatórios em todos os tratamentos. No entanto, a benzocaína na concentração 40 mg/L foi considerado o anestésico mais eficiente para tilápia por apresentar menores tempos de indução e recuperação.
Estimativa da geração e composição gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraíba
Authors: Silva Elisângela Maria da , Albuquerque Walker Gomes de , Andrade Sobrinho Luiz Gualberto , Medeiros Amanda Nogueira
Published: April 2018

Objetivou-se apresentar a estimativa da geração per capita e composição gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos do Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal. Essas duas características são de fundamental importância no processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos. O procedimento metodológico foi realizado por meio do levantamento de campo para identificar o número de setores existentes no Campus Universitário, bem como a quantificação da população diária que frequenta a instituição. Como resultado obteve-se que a geração per capita diária do Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Ambiental foi de 49,28g. Em relação à composição gravimétrica, verificou-se que a matéria orgânica apresentou o maior percentual, representando um total de 66%, seguido por 13% de plásticos, 9% de papel/papelão e 8% de compósitos. Conclui-se que, do total de resíduos sólidos gerados, a maior parcela encontrada é de matéria orgânica putrescível, visto que, os resíduos sólidos gerados no Campus universitário apresentam características de resíduos domiciliares.
Pharmacological versus genetic inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 – the comparison of metalloporphyrins, shRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Mucha Olga , Podkalicka Paulina , Czarnek Maria , Biela Anna , Mieczkowski Mateusz , Kachamakova-Trojanowska Neli , Stępniewski Jacek , Józkowicz Alicja , Dulak Józef , Łoboda Agnieszka
Published: April 2018

Inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, encoded by HMOX1), a cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory enzyme, may be a valuable therapy in various pathophysiological processes, including tumorigenesis. We compared the effect of chemical inhibitors – metalloporphyrins, with genetic tools - shRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 systems, to knock-down (KD)/knock-out (KO) HO-1 expression/activity. 293T cells were incubated with metalloporphyrins, tin and zinc protoporphyrins (SnPPIX and ZnPPIX, respectively) or were either transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding different shRNA sequences against HO-1 or were modified by CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting HMOX1. Metalloporphyrins decreased HO activity but concomitantly strongly induced HO-1 mRNA and protein in 293T cells. On the other hand, basal and hemin-induced HO-1 inhibition in shRNA KD 293T cell lines was confirmed on mRNA, protein and activity level. Nevertheless, silencing effect was much stronger when CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out was performed. Most of the clones harboring mutations within HMOX1 locus did not express HO-1 and failed to increase bilirubin concentration after hemin stimulation. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HO-1 depletion decreased 293T viability, growth, clonogenic potential and increased sensitivity to H2O2 treatment. In summary, we have shown that all technologies can be used for inhibition of HO activity in vitro; however, the most potent and comprehensible results can be obtained using genetic tools, especially CRISPR/Cas9 approach.