bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Simulation Analysis of Belt Rupture for Belt Conveyor
Authors: Ma Hong Wei , Li Dong Sheng , Zhang Xu Hui , Mao Qing Hua
Published: March 2013

To study the dynamic characteristics of belt conveyor during belt rupture, the finite element dynamic model of belt conveyor was built. Dynamic simulation system of DTII type belt conveyor was established with AMESim. The simulation parameters were determined by DTII type belt conveyor design manual and the dynamic model. The speed, displacement of break point and mechanic characteristic carve in break moment were obtained. According to the result, the optimal capture time was confirmed.It provides the theoretical basis for the design of belt rupture equipment.
Design of a New Five-Axis Linkage CNC Machining Center
Authors: Liu Xing Guo , Deng Chi Gang , Liu Yu Hang , Zhao Qing Ying
Published: March 2013

Five-axis linkage CNC Machining CenterXH756 has five axis -- X, Y, Z, A, B, can achieve five axis linkage processing function, is the most ideal equipment of processing space curve CAM, cylindrical CAM and die. Its numerical control system is M520 of Mitsubishi of Japan. XH756 is most advanced CNC processing equipment with high precision in China now.
Application of Differential Transform Method to Buckling Problems at Pined-Pined Boundary Conditions
Authors: Han Ling Feng , Wu Shi Yuan
Published: March 2013

Differential Transform Method (DTM) is a new semi-analytical, semi-numerical algorithm, which transforms differential equations to the form of Taylor series. The method derives an approximate numerical solution based on Taylor series expansion, which is a analytical solution built on polynomial form. Traditional Taylor series method is used for symbolic computation, while the Differential Transform Method obtained the solution of the polynomials through itineration calculations. Applying DTM to buckling problems, the critical length of a bar at Pined-Pined boundary is studied. The computational results are compared with analytical solutions and shown excellent agreement between those two algorithms. The method adds a new tool for computational engineering mechanics.
The Design of a Data Acquisition System for Wave Energy Conversion Efficiency Measurement System Based on the Serial Communication
Authors: Wang Shou Jun , Wang Guo Dong , Li Chao
Published: March 2013

This paper mainly introduces the design and programming ideas of data acquisition system for wave energy conversion efficiency test system. The design ideas of this software is that using VC6.0 as a design platform, multi-channel data acquisition through the serial port, and real-time curve display and save the data collected. The serial programming is to use the MSComm control to achieve serial communication between the sensor and PC serial. The software can be used in engineering practice after several tests stable and reliable performance.
The Extraction of Differential MFCC Based on EMD
Authors: Chu Yun Yun , Xiong Wei Hua , Shi Wei Wei , Liu Yu
Published: March 2013

Feature extraction is the key to the object recognition. How to obtain effective, reliable characteristic parameters from the limited measured data is a question of great importance in feature extraction. This paper presents a method based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for the extraction of Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCCs) and its first order difference from original speech signals that contain four kinds of emotions such as anger, happiness, surprise and natural for emotion recognition. And the experiments compare the recognition rate of MFCC, differential MFCC (Both of them are extracted based on EMD) or their combination through using Support Vector Machine (SVM) to recognize speakers' emotional speech identity. It proves that the combination of MFCC and its first order difference has a highest recognition rate.
The Precision Breeding System of Pig Based on RFID
Authors: Zhu Wei Xing , Hao Wei , Wang Bao Heng
Published: March 2013

Electronic scales and Ethernet technology were used in the real-time data acquisition of pigs food intake and body weight to realize precision breeding of pigs. The control system was designed using programmable control technology to monitor environmental parameters and manage the daily information of the pig farm. The experiment results show that the each pig identity can be accurately identified, and the intake data and weight data can be gained accurately and timely, the control scope of the environmental parameter can meet the design requirements. The basic information of pigs can be put into the database correctly, and precision breeding and management of the commercial pigs can also be realized by making statistic analysis to the database. it made a successful exploration in precision breeding.
Dynamic Obstacle Detection Using Visually Informed Scan Matching
Authors: Lee Tae Seok , Lee Heon Cheol , Yoo Won Sok , Kim Doo Jin , Lee Beom Hee
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a real-time dynamic obstacle detection algorithm using a scan matching method considering image information from a mobile robot equipped with a camera and a laser scanner. By combining image and laser scan data, we extract a scan segment corresponding to the dynamic obstacle. To complement the performance of scan matching, poor in dynamic environments, the extracted scan segment is temporarily removed. After obtaining a good robot position, the position of the dynamic obstacle is calculated based on the robot’s position. Through two experimental scenarios, the performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated.
Space-Time Adaptive Processing Used for Underwater LFM and CW
Authors: Lv Wei , Wang Zhi Jie , Li Jian Chen , Wang Ming Zhou , Hu Qiao , Yang Bao Min
Published: March 2013

In order to use the STAP in reverberation suppression, and compare the performances of STAP for underwater LFM with CW, the method of STAP used for LFM was proposed. Firstly, the principle of STAP for CW was analyzed, according to the underwater echo of CW. Then, the space-time steering vector of LFM is deduced by analysing the underwater echo of LFM. Fianlly, the performances of STAP for LFM and CW were compared by simulations. The results show that the proposed method of STAP for underwater LFM with narrower modulation bandwidth can achieve a better performance in target detection and estimate, and the processing gain of STAP for CW is higher than that of LFM form 1.6dB to 5.5dB with the modulation bandwidth from 100Hz to 600Hz.
Short-Term Noise and the Robustness of Two Log-Periodogram Estimators in Long Memory Series
Authors: Deng Lu
Published: March 2013

This paper focuses on the robustness of estimates and its mechanism with presence of short-term noise. Simulation results show that although AG estimator derives lower bias and better robustness than the GPH in most situations, the modification effects are evident only when the short noise has small negative roots. The problem of over-modification on larger negative roots and the under-modification on the positive roots are still lack of advanced study. The standard deviation it is not sensitive to short-term noise but the mean square errors increase sharply with short-term noise. Besides, the power and practical size of the test was affected too. Larger sample size is suggested to gain more robust finite sample properties.
Research of the Best Receive Principle Based the Binary Knowing Signal
Authors: Chen Jiang Bo , Li Yan , Xue Cai Lian , Wang Shao Qing
Published: March 2013

the best reception technologyis an important part of communication technology ,this article starting fromthe perspective of improving receivers,mainly analyzes how to make the maximumprobability of correct signals,and minimize the probability of error signalunder the same channel noise conditions,which means the best reception.And give thebinary knowing signal in the white noise of the channel under the condition ofthe best receive structure and principle,filter to accept, analysis ofcommunication technology theoretical research and practical application is verysignificant.
The Properties of Al2O3 Films Deposited onto Al2O3-TiC and Si Substrates by RF Diode Sputtering
Authors: Panitchakan H. , Limsuwan Pichet
Published: March 2013

The Al2O3 films were deposited onto Al2O3-TiC and Si (100) substrates by RF sputtering technique by varying powers sputter target, substrate bias voltages and fixed process pressure 25 mTorr which aim to achieve high deposition rate and investigated film properties onto different types. Result showed significant power sputter target to deposition rate both substrates and film properties depend on type of substrate. The power sputter target at 8kW and substrate bias voltage at -150 V is optimum deposition condition to provide deposition rate is 53.97nm/min for Al2O3-TiC substrate and 51.50nm/min for Si substrate. The Al2O3 film deposited onto Al2O3-TiC substrate surface morphology displayed rather roughness than Al2O3 film deposited onto Si substrate which verified from SEM and AFM as 0.99 nm (Ra) versus 0.46 nm (Ra). The film stress, hardness, reduces modulus and breakdown voltage (BDV) of Al2O3 film deposited were higher than Al2O3 film deposited on Al2O3-TiC substrates which were correspond to surface morphology.
Active Control of Sound Radiation Into an Enclosure Using Different Number of Actuators
Authors: Cui Huai Feng , Chen Nan
Published: March 2013

This paper presents an investigation into the active control of structural-acoustic coupled system of a rectangular enclosure involving two simply supported flexible plates. One of the two plates is driven by a point force. The locations of actuators are determined by considering contour plot of the optimal potential energy. The control mechanisms for this enclosure are analyzed when one, two and three actuators are applied on one of the plates. Results obtained demonstrate that the control mechanisms for Panelaare always modal restructuring; those for Panelbare dominantly modal suppression when a different number of actuators is applied to reduce the noise level.
A New Algorithm of Phase to Ground Fault Location for Electric Power Feeder
Authors: Wang Yan Song , Liu Xue Min
Published: March 2013

t is a great significance for power supply reliability and smart grid to locate feeder fault quickly and accurately for distribution network. A new ground fault traveling-wave signal time-frequency analysis method is proposed, which decomposes the aerial mode component and zero mode component of fault current based on EMD to get multi-stage stable intrinsic mode function (IMF). The first IMF contains high frequency components which can reflect the mutation of signal. Hilbert-Huang transformation is done for the first IMF to get the instantaneous frequency of signal. And then check the moment of traveling wave arrival by the instantaneous frequency in the figure of IMF time-frequency. The fault distance is computed based on the time difference between the moments of wave arrived of aerial mode component and zero mode components. Simulation shows that this method is able to accurately give the distance of fault without the influence of the random fault condition such as fault transition resistance and the moment of fault.
Research of Special Form for Analysis Properties in Transmit Channels of NDT System
Authors: Qin Hong Wu , Wang Xiao Li , Du Qin Sheng
Published: March 2013

In this report givens descriptions of principle hardware-software complex. It was designed for generation signals special form on their frequency characteristics. Simulation of the signal occurs through the summation of harmonic components of the spectrum with user-defined step, and the registration system response reduces the measurement error value of the phase-frequency characteristic can be calculated by the algorithm to maximize the average signal power during the period of generation. Designed software and hardware system to reduce the quantity of necessary equipment for nondestructive testing by acoustic methods and to increases the flexibility of approaches to the study of a specific object.
Technology Development and New Issues of Distribution Automation in Smart Grid
Authors: Qu Yi , Liu Jun Yong , Xiang Yue , Wei Zhen Bo
Published: March 2013

Distribution automation development and research on system devices have been introduced in this paper. In terms of new issues appearing in distribution automation, such as distributed generation, electrical vehicles station, microgrid, electrical interaction, etc., applications and development prospects have been concluded, as well as the research on new power electronics technology, information technology, interactive strategy, etc. in smart grid.
On the Simplification of Data Based on Standard MODBUS Protocol
Authors: Wang Hao Yu , Zheng Yi , Ge Tong Min
Published: March 2013

In order to obtain more rapid and effective communication, simplify the format information of the slave and the transmission logic under the appropriate project application requirements, and form the simplified scheme.
Design of Network Adapter Compatible OCP for High-Throughput NOC
Authors: Wang Jian , Yang Zhi Jia
Published: March 2013

Network adapter is one of the most important components of NOC which is recommended to be used in present and future SOCs. In this paper, a network adapter compatible with OCP interface protocol is designed to enable the integration of IP cores from different providers into an on-chip interconnection network. In order to tradeoff communication performance with complication, the design of network adapter is based on a single global address space and supports burst transmission and virtual channel technology. With the goal of reducing transport latency, the processes of encapsulation and decapsulation are executing simultaneously with packet transmitting and receiving. Considering the simulation result, the network adapter presented in this paper gets satisfactory performance.
The Application of Global Forecast Function in the Power System Load Forecasting Software Development
Authors: Zhang Wen Tao , An Rui Feng , Wu Bin
Published: March 2013

First of all, this paper analyzes the calculation process of the load forecast of power system, and puts forward a new ideas of varieties of load forecasting method according to the classification on this basis, this paper will establish a global predictive function corresponding to different kinds of load forecasting methods, and designed the software on the load forecasting on the basis of such function. This paper describes the programming ideas of using the global predictive function to conduct the single forecast method and combined forecast, which demonstrates its advantages. Finally this paper has introduced the realization of global predictive function in Visual Basic language in programming, and the corresponding interface-building and use method. Actual use shows that, the use of global predictive function can significantly reduce the program size, add flexibility in the load forecasting software, which improves the scalability as well as the extensibility of the program.
A MATLAB-Based Study on Approximation Performances of Improved Algorithms of Typical BP Neural Networks
Authors: Ding Shuo , Wu Qing Hui
Published: March 2013

BP neural networks are widely used and the algorithms are various. This paper studies the advantages and disadvantages of improved algorithms of five typical BP networks, based on artificial neural network theories. First, the learning processes of improved algorithms of the five typical BP networks are elaborated on mathematically. Then a specific network is designed on the platform of MATLAB 7.0 to conduct approximation test for a given nonlinear function. At last, a comparison is made between the training speeds and memory consumption of the five BP networks. The simulation results indicate that for small scaled and medium scaled networks, LM optimization algorithm has the best approximation ability, followed by Quasi-Newton algorithm, conjugate gradient method, resilient BP algorithm, adaptive learning rate algorithm. Keywords: BP neural network; Improved algorithm; Function approximation; MATLAB
Design and Implementation of Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester for Autonomous WSN Components
Authors: Zaman Mukter , Rahman Airul Azha Abd. , Aziz Aiman , Ghafar Jauhari Abdul , Islamn Shabiul
Published: March 2013

Successful deployment of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) depends on the availability of power sources. Conventional battery-based WSN components has several drawbacks, such as limited life-span, bulky size and hazardous to the environment. Hence, energy harvesting from ambient sources attracts enormous attention. But energy harvesting depends on the availability of the ambient sources. In most cases energy harvesting from a single source is not enough to produce sufficient energy to power up WSN components. This paper describe about the design, and implementation consideration of a hybrid energy harvester for an autonomous sensing system. The sensing components of WSN are connected with the hybrid energy harvester on the same structure to generate required energy from the ambient environment such as solar and chemical reaction. As a case study, the power requirements of in-house developed WSN components [1] are measured. Based on the power requirement a hybrid energy harvester based autonomous system is designed [2], and a functional prototype of the system is implemented. In the implemented prototype, energy is being harvested from the ambient solar and chemical sources. From the evaluation of the developed system, it is found that powering WSN components, hybrid energy harvester produces an additional amount of 10491.93 J (equivalent to 2.91 Wh) of energy, which is capable to fill-up a 971 mA-hr storage in one day operation. This is enough for the WSN components to draw power subsequently, when there is not enough ambient sources available for next few days.
A New Method of Distribution Network Fault Location
Authors: Tang Zhong , Min Qian Qian
Published: March 2013

Proposed a new method establish the line fault monitoring system to achieve the real-time fault monitoring and location because so many power line open fault that caused by the cable theft or the frequent natural disasters such as ice storm and so on today, The system uses the power line carrier technology to locate the power line fault in one transformer area, and uses the Zigbee wireless communication technology to transmit the fault information within the jurisdiction of different transformers.
A Novel Architecture for Civil Aviation Aircraft Intelligent Landing Using Dual Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Xu Kai Jun
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a novel architecture of intelligent landing control of an airplane using dual fuzzy neural networks, including roll control, pitch control and altitude hold control. The neural network control has been implemented in MATLAB and the data for training have been taken from Flight Gear Simulator. The flight performance has been shown in the Flight Gear Simulator. The objective is to improve the performance of conventional landing, roll, pitch and altitude hold controllers. Simulated results show that control for different flight phases is successful and the neural network controllers provide the robustness to system parameter variation.
Based on the BP Neural Network VAc Synthesis Reactor in Temperature Control
Authors: Meng Hua , Ma Jia , Bao Shi Feng , Wei Shao Qing
Published: March 2013

This paper analyzes the synthesis of vinyl acetate production process and technology, and applied the artificial neural network modeling approach, by using the adaptive learning rate BP learning algorithm, then established the medium temperature control of BP neural network in the structure model of the VAc synthesis process of flurried bed synthesis reactor, by controlling medium temperature of the synthesis reactor, the results show that: Be able to effectively will in reactor temperature control in good accuracy.
The Horizontal and Vertical Screen to Switch the Display Based on the Android
Authors: Zhu Xiao Dong , Yu Song Nian
Published: March 2013

In this paper we address the problem of how to achieve the Android frequent horizontal and vertical screen rotation. We propose a method that using graphics hardware 2D acceleration to improve system performance. In Android complex display system, the horizontal and vertical rotation of the screen is frequent scene. If software method is adopted , the system performance will be relatively low, while if the method of the GPUs 2D hardware acceleration is used to recalculate the rotation of the source region and the target coordinates, combined with the 2D hardware interface, the system performance can be dramatically improved. In this way, it is able to realize rotation and composition on every layer of the server-side. Our experiments show that the rotation speed measured with the method of 2D hardware is two times faster than what is measured with the software method under the same platform.
Exciton Dissociation at Indium Tin Oxide/Indium Doped Zinc Phthalocyanine Interface
Authors: Prajuabwan Pakorn , Rojanasuwan Sunit , Chanhom Annop , Jaruvanawat Anuchit , Rangkasikorn Adirek , Nukeaw Jiti
Published: March 2013

A new intercalation of Indium and zinc phthalocyanine(ZnPc) thin film is developed by using thermal co-evaporation technique. The exciton dissociation at the interface of Indium Tin Oxide(ITO) electrode and Indium doped ZnPc upon laser irradiation is observed through the transient photovoltage measurement technique in comparison with the interfacial exciton dissociation occurred at ITO/pristine ZnPc interface. The occurring transient photovoltage spike is regarded as the effect of exciton dissociation at ITO/In-doped ZnPc interface and depends on the amount of free carrier separation by built-in field or charge carrier concentration according to doping ratio. The experiments demonstrate the existence of exciton dissociation at ITO/In-doped ZnPc interface, the direction of charges transfer is that holes are injected to ITO, whereas electrons are left in bulk film. A thin insulating layer of 6 nm thick lithium fluoride(LiF) is inserted between ITO and In-doped ZnPc to prevent the exciton dissociation at ITO/In-doped ZnPc interface and insist on the phenomenon of interfacial exciton dissociation. Further photoelectron spectroscopy experiments prove that In-doped ZnPc is hole transport material.
Hole Doping Through Indium Intercalation Into Nickel Phthalocyanine
Authors: Prajuabwan Pakorn , Rojanasuwan Sunit , Chanhom Annop , Jaruvanawat Anuchit , Rangkasikorn Adirek , Nukeaw Jiti
Published: March 2013

A new intercalation of indium and nickel phthalocyanine(NiPc) thin films is developed by using thermal co-evaporation technique. X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and optical absorption spectroscopy of In-doped NiPc suggest the crystal structure of In-doped NiPc is α-phase as same as that of pristine NiPc. Current-voltage characteristic of Shottky diode fabricated with In-doped NiPc thin film shows the enhancement of charge carrier concentration due to indium doping. Further photoelectron spectroscopy experiments prove that In-doped NiPc is hole transport material.
Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Palm Slag, Calcium Carbonate and Dolomite Filler in Brake Pad Composites
Authors: Ghazali Che Mohd Ruzaidi , Kamarudin H. , Jamaludin Shamsul Baharin , Al Bakri A.M. Mustafa , Liyana J.
Published: March 2013

The development of asbestos free brake pad composites using different fillers was investigated with a intention to substitute asbestos which is known hazardous and carcinogenic. Mechanical and morphology studies were made to clarify the mechanism for compressive strength, hardness and wear rate behavior of different filler of brake pad which were prepared by compression molding of mixture of filler (palm slag, calcium carbonate and dolomite) with phenolic as binder, metal fiber as reinforcement, graphite as lubricant and alumina as abrasive. The result showed that palm slag has significant potential to use as filler material in brake pad composite. The wear rate of palm slag composite was comparable with the conventional asbestos based brake pad. The result also supported by SEM micrograph.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Diluted Magnetic Zn1-xMnxO Semiconductor
Authors: Zheng Wen Li , Yang Wei
Published: March 2013

Diluted magnetic semiconductor Zn1-xMnxO crystals were synthesized at 430°C for 24h by hydrothermal method. 3mol·L-1KOH was used as the mineralizer, and the fill factor is 35%. The obtained crystals show a ZnO wurtzite structure, with positive polar faces{0001}, negative polar faces{000 },pfaces{ 011} and–pfaces { 01 } exposed. The height of the crystal is 5-30 m and radius-height ratio is2:1. Mn atom concentration of 2. 6% (x=0.026) was determined using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy ( EDS). The crystals show low-temperature ferromagnetism with Curie temperature of 50K.
Morphologies of ZnO Crystals Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Zheng Wen Li , Yang Wei
Published: March 2013

In this paper , the ZnO crystal was synthesized using hydrothermal method through 24 hours'reaction with 35 % filling factor at 430°C. When the mineralizer concentration is rather low (eg. lmol/L NaOH), only ZnO microcrystal is produced. The mineralizer concentration increases, the larger crystal was present. When 5 mol·L-1NaOH served as mineralizer, the extent of the synthesized crystal was nearly 500μm. The ZnO cryslals with length of 1500μm were present when 3ml·L-1KOH served as mineralizer. Respectively when 3mol·L-1NaOH and lmol·L-1KBr were used as mineralizer, the extent of the synthesized crystal was nearly 700μm , the diameter was 200μm and the exposed faces m { 100} , p { 101 } was complete , so we obtained the higher quality crystals. Besides the larger crystal, a great deal of microcrystal and nanocrystallites cluster was also present in the product.
Oil Film State between Friction Pair in Hydro-Viscous Drive
Authors: Xie Fang Wei , Hong Yun Sen , Zheng Gang , Wang Shu Meng
Published: March 2013

In the paper, we research the flow state and the pressure of the oil film between the parallel and the deformed friction pairs to reveal the oil film state between the friction pair in hydro-viscous drive. Firstly, 3D physical models of the oil film were established. Then, the models were solved based on the principle of computational fluid dynamics. We found that the dynamic pressure goes up gradually along the radial direction; at zone with groove the dynamic pressure is higher, and the dynamic pressure between deformed interfaces is lower than that between parallel interfaces. The velocity of the oil film increases along the radial direction, and that between deformed interfaces is higher. The numerical results can provide some theoretic basis for the study of the HVD technology.
A Way to Analyze Oil Damping Force of Electromagnetic Release with Oil Dashpot
Authors: Guo Hui Juan , Su Xiu Ping , Xia Xiao Lei
Published: March 2013

t is important for dynamic characteristics of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot to calculate the oil damping force. The formula of the oil damping force is deduced by the theoretical formula of viscous damper or according to the experimental results. Therefore, a way to analyze oil damping force of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot is proposed based on Fluent due to the limitations of the two methods in this paper. The curve which is the speed of the plunger variations of the oil damping force is drawn through the numerical analysis of the flow field and the index of the speed is fitted.
The Research on Certain Type of Starter Lead-Acid Battery Performance Test Used in Real Off-Road Vehicle
Authors: Zhang Guo Bin , Zhu Dao Weind , Yang Gang
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the main performances of the lead-acid battery used on in a real off-road vehicle were tested through experiments. The lead-acid battery voltage and current characteristic curves of the self-discharge, real vehicle starting experiment and battery electricity demand experiment performance in the different conditions were studied. The results show that this lead-acid battery can be used as the preferred battery and the charging and discharging rules of this battery can be used to improve the vehicle design.
The Effect of Thermal Heating on Corrosion Resistance of Diamond-Like Carbon Film Prepared by Filtered Cathodic Arc
Authors: Khamnaulthong Nattaporn , Siangchaew Krisda , Limsuwan Pichet
Published: March 2013

The correlation of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) bonding structure versus film corrosion protective capability against Hydrofluoric (HF) acid exposure was made. Raman analysis of DLC films that were subjected to repeated thermal cycle heating showed that were more clustering in sp2sites upon exposure to high temperature and increasing time. When these films were subsequently exposed to HF acid, there was also corresponding increase in the amount of pitting corrosion features. The increase in sp2clustering size is seen as a weak point in the overall DLC structure which subsequently allowed the acid to penetrate the film structure.
Thermal, Mechanical and Chemical Analyses of Rapid and Self-Cured Prepolymerized Polyurethane Coatings
Authors: Sien Wong Chee , Badri Khairiah Haji
Published: March 2013

The influence of NCO/OH ratio of PU monomers on the thermal, mechanical and chemical properties of palm-based polyurethane (PU) was investigated. The prepolymerization of PU was conducted at NCO/OH ratio of palm kernel oil polyol (PKO-p) to 2,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) at 200/100, 150/100, 100/100 and 75/100 with diethylene glycol (DEG) as chain extender at ambient temperature under nitrogen gas atmosphere. The palm-based PU prepolymer was casted onto a Teflon plate to a thickness of 50 µm. The presence of the urethane linkages (OCN-H) was identified from the FTIR spectrum. The disappearance of NCO peak in the FTIR spectrum at 2270-2250 cm-1 indicated that MDI had completely reacted with the PKO-p to form PU. The appearance of C=O peak at 1700 cm-1 showed that hydrogen bonds were formed between the soft segmented chain and hard segmented chain which were contributed by PKO-p and MDI respectively. Hence, urethane bond was the main polymeric chain in the PU. Besides, PU with the highest hard segment content (NCO/OH ratio: 200/100) exhibited great thermal stability (Tstable of 205°C). In addition, it showed the highest glass transition temperature (85°C) compared to other PU coating formulations. Endothermic peaks were detected in PU with low NCO/OH ratio of 150/100, 100/100 and 75/100 which was referred to the flash point of the polyols (PKO-p and diethylene glycol). However, PU with the highest content of hard segment possessed the lowest scratch resistance of 0.5 N. Steric effect due to benzene ring in MDI molecular chain caused restriction in the mobility of the PU chain.
Electrooxidation of Methanol on Carbon Supported Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Dan
Published: March 2013

Activated carbon supported gold nanoparticles (Au/C) were prepared by a chemical reduction process using NaBH4as a reducing agent. The characterization of transmission electron microscope indicated that the Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the Au/C catalyst were highly well dispersed on the carbon support. The catalytic activity of the Au/C catalyst for the methanol electrooxidation (MEO) was investigated by the cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results displayed that the Au/C catalyst exhibited a favorable catalytic activity towards the MEO in alkaline solution. Moreover, the competitive adsorption between OH-and CH3OH on the surface of the AuNPs in the Au/C catalyst existed in the course of the MEO. Based on this competitive adsorption, the mechanism of the MEO on the Au/C catalyst was further investigated.
Correlation between EIS and Potential Distribution for Carbon Steel under Epoxy Coating
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Bin , Zhu Lei , Luo Tian Yuan , Wang Wei
Published: March 2013

The potential distribution of carbon steel under epoxy coating exposed to natural seawater was investigated by the wire beam electrode (WBE) technique. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the WBE was characterized to analyze the behaviour of the coating degradation and metal corrosion at coating/metal interface. The mechanism of coating degradation was discussed from a point of electrochemical distribution. This research showed that the potential distribution had a close relationship with the characteristic of EIS in local area. The combined method can help us better understand the mechanism of the organic coating degradation and beneath substrate corrosion.
Fine Tuning Magnetic Properties of FePt:C Thin Films by FePt UnderLayers
Authors: Jin Ling Fang , Zhuang Hong
Published: March 2013

Nonepitaxially grown FePt (x)/FePt:C thin films were synthesized, where FePt (x) (x=2, 5, 8, 11, 14 nm) layers were served as underlayers and FePt:C layer was nanocomposite with thickness of 5 nm. The effect of FePt underlayer on the ordering, orientation and magnetic properties of FePt:C thin films has been investigated by adjusting FePt underlayer thicknesses from 2 nm to 14 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD), together with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the desired L10 phase was formed and films were (001) textured with FePt underlayer thickness decreased less 5 nm. For 5 nm FePt:C nanocomposite thin film with 2 nm FePt underlayer, the coercivity was 8.2 KOe and the correlation length of FePt:C nanocomposite film was 67 nm. These results reveal that the better orientation and magnetic properties for FePt:C nanocomposite films can be tuned by decreasing FePt underlayer thickness.
Experimental Study of Nanofluids Crystallize on Low Temperature Environment
Authors: Yu Jin Ze , Li Zhen Liang , Hu Han Yan
Published: March 2013

In order to study the influence of undercooling, crystallization time to Al2O3 nanoparticles. To design a set of nanofluids crystal test system, and study the process of base fluid and Al2O3 - H2O nanofluids crystallization. Results show that the base fluid added nanoparticles, degree of undercooling significantly, with the increase of mass fraction of nanoparticles and fluid crystallization time is shortened. Nanofluids phase transition temperature increased by 0.5 °C than water, reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration unit.
Research and Validation of ICs' TDDB Physics-of-Failure Model
Authors: Xu Ming , Lu Feng Ming , Zeng Chen Hui
Published: March 2013

In the new era, the reliability technology based on physics of failure (PoF) is playing an increasingly important role in development of electronic equipment. PoF models of electronic products, as the foundation and core of this advanced technology, are the main point of engineering application. With continual scaling of VLSI in electronic equipment, the electric field across gate oxide becomes higher and higher and affects the reliability of semiconductor device greatly. In this paper, TDDB failure mechanism and Physics-of-Failure model was researched firstly. Then the test sample was designed and processed, and the test verification program for TDDB Physics-of-Failure model was carried out to develop the test verification, collect and process test data. Through analyzing test data, the parameters of TDDB model were determined and modified to ensure the Physics-of-Failure model precision and the model could be used in engineering. Based on modified model, the reliability of integrated circuits can be evaluated at designing stage. And the inherent reliability of integrated circuits in electronic equipment could be improved by design optimization to reduce the risk in the process of using.
The Detection System of Adaptive Electrochemical Micro Electric Current
Authors: Ma Sheng Qian , Fan Man Hong
Published: March 2013

The existing micro current detecting apparatus is of large size and is manual controlled. When the detected currents sensitivity is higher, however, stability will be worse. In order to solve this problem, an adaptive detection system is proposed in this paper. The system designed a micro current signal detection circuit based on OK6410 embedded with development board. The Weak current signal is collected with the high precision ADC. Automatic adjustment circuit gain is from 1 to 10000. Spectrometer wavelength size is changed in real-time. Current resolution can reach nA. The experimental results show that this system can collect the micro current effectively. The main characteristics of the system are simple circuit structure, small volume, high degree of automation, and strong reliability, and it greatly improves the anti-interference performance of the circuit. The system can not only be applied in electrochemical current detection, but also be widely used in weak signal detection.
The Design and Implementation of Micromouse Based on C8051F120
Authors: Wan Dong
Published: March 2013

According to the international Micromouse competition requirements suited for the IEEE standard maze, a kind of Micromouse based on C8051F120 is designed in this paper. The hardware structure and software algorithm are specifically introduced, the Center Toward Rule and the Bellman-Ford Algorithm is used for turning, searching and attitude control is optically designed. The designed Micromouse can find the optimal route of the IEEE standard maze by 0.4 s and walk rapidly and stably.
The Design of Digital Direct Current Source Based on Nios II
Authors: Fu Qing Qing , Wu Ai Ping
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a digital direct current source based on Nios II is studied. The system adopts FPGA as hard core and the main circuit of constant current source consisting of operational amplifier LM358 and power Field Effect Transistor (FET) IRF530. In addition, 12 bit D/A chip MAX531 and 12 bit A/D chip TLC549 are used to monitor the output current. The system outputs current from 20mA to 2000mA with 0.5mA step level, the set current value and actual output current value can be displayed by LCD. Result shows that the system has characteristics of high precision, good stability, small size and high integration.
A Novel SHE Modulation Method for Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) with Reduced Switching Frequency
Authors: Ma Xiao Xiao , Wang Ping
Published: March 2013

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the most attractive converter topology intended for high power conversion without transformer. In this paper, a new modulation method for MMC is proposed and verified by simulated model. The main advantage of reduced switching frequency is also proved in the simulation results.
Improved Control Model for Relay Protective Settings Remote Control and its Application
Authors: Liu Yu Quan , Hua Huang Sheng , Wang Li
Published: March 2013

For a long time, settings complexity makes the settings remote modification technology is difficult to be applied on the relay protective devices effectively. To solve the key technical problems of relay protective devices settings remote modification, this paper makes an in-depth research of setting group remote control model. The setting group remote control model based on protective relaying and fault information system is proposed with the setting group services mapping between IEC61850 and IEC60870-5-103. The setting group remote control models working mechanism is deeply analysed via the setting group views. Base on the analysis, an enhanced control flow and task block method are provided to avoid the edit setting group data being changed abnormally, which improves the reliability of setting group remote control remarkably. The setting group remote control model introduced in this paper is applied successfully and its reliability is approved.
Soft Starting of Medium Voltage Induction Motors with Fuzzy PD Control
Authors: Yin Zhen Yong , Yue Yun Tao
Published: March 2013

A novel fuzzy control soft starting medium voltage induction motor is presented in this paper, Introduced the principle and the design of software and hardware on the medium voltage soft starter for asynchronous motors. According to analysis of the starting characteristic of induction motors, discussed a design method of medium voltage induction motor soft starting based on fuzzy Proportional-Differential (PD) control. Through measuring the input current, fuzzy control and PD control are used in the different phases of starting process to get the best control results.
The Direct Torque Control of Induction Motors in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on the AMEsim
Authors: Wang De Jun , Pan Dan Dan , Cao Xiao Tao , Chen Hong
Published: March 2013

Based on the hybrid vehicle model in AMESim, the real working conditions of an induction motor are analyzed and the drive system’s physical simulation models are built in AMESim. The direct torque control system is designed. And the control system runs by AMESim/Simulink co-simulations. Hence, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design is verified.
System Design of Digitally Controlled Constant Current Source
Authors: Zhu Ai Jun , Shao Yin Chao
Published: March 2013

In order to provide stable and adjustable current source for portable systems, this paper designs a digitally controlled constant current source. According to the input of independent key, the output of the microcontroller digital volume controls digital-to-analog converter by Voltage-Current conversion module to get the constant current output. The output module consists of the operational amplifier and the power transistor TIP122, which is used for voltage-current conversion. At the same time, the value of output current is obtained by sampling resistor to convert the real-time acquisition and monitor the output of constant current source. The experimental results show that the system output ranges from 0 mA to 240 mA. The value of constant current can be controlled by stepper key, and the measurement error ratio can meet the requirement of design.
Indirect Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control and Application to Tank Pressurization System
Authors: Xu Fan Rong , Wang Zheng , Yu Hong Zhi
Published: March 2013

An indirect adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control scheme for a class of discrete-time systems with model uncertainty and external disturbance is developed. In this approach, a discrete-time exponential reaching law is used to obtain the ideal sliding mode control law. Then, two fuzzy systems and a third one are used to approximate unknown functions of the system and the switch-type control in the ideal control law, respectively, wherein the consequent parameters are adjusted by an on-line adaptation law with parameter projection. Towards to Tank pressurization system, experiment results have shown the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Weighted Multiple Model Adaptive Control Based on ADRC
Authors: WANG Hui , Zhang Wei Cun
Published: March 2013

Weighted multiple model adaptive control is a combination of off-line design and on-line decision, which combines a finite number of simple controllers by weighting algorithm. Its an effective means to solve the control problems of complex and uncertain systems. Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is a new digital control technology with high accuracy and strong robustness. This paper introduces ADRC as local controller in the weighted multiple model adaptive control system. The simulation results show that the proposed system has strong robustness in a wide range.
Desired Compensation Adaptive Robust Control for NC Rotary Table Direct Drive Rotary Feeding System
Authors: Yang Ying Zhen , Cui Chen , Sun Yi Biao , Liu Chun Li
Published: March 2013

For the characteristics of direct drive NC rotary table servo system using ring permanent magnet torque motor being influenced by varying of external disturbance, parameters varieties and load disturbances, the desired compensation adaptive robust position controller based on projection algorithm is designed to achieve high performance and parameters estimation. The desired compensation adaptation law based on projection algorithm for uncertainties off-line estimation is calculated by desired information only to achieve high requirement of the servo system of the ring permanent magnet torque motor. Compared with adaptive robust controller, the controller can reduce the effect of measurement noises. Therefore the process of uncertainties estimation is faster and the estimators are more accurate. Simulation result shows that the designed method enables the system to be better in robustness in general.
The Application Study of Temperature Control Strategy for Boiler
Authors: Hou Guo Qiang , Lv Ping
Published: March 2013

The series fuzzy control system is designed for boiler steam temperature based on the characteristics of boiler steam temperature control. The composition, the principles and the algorithm were presented in this paper. The corresponding fuzzy logic control system is simulated and analyzed with MATLAB.
Design of a Small Portable Wind/PV Hybrid Controller
Authors: Wu Xiu Hua , Guan Fei Fei , Xu Fei
Published: March 2013

Wind/PV hybrid generation technology is one of the hottest researching spots in the application areas of new or clean sources of energy. Designing a new small portable wind/ PV hybrid controller can effectively make use of wind power and solar energy to those whose are in the outdoor to work or tour . In this paper, 89C51 microcontroller as the intelligent control core was used to manage and control the wind/ PV hybrid system and accomplish the battery charging through a timer producing a high-frequency PWM. Meanwhile it used the Multisim software to simulate the 60W wind/PV hybrid system. The experimental data proved that the parameters of the hardware system were correct and the whole power system was secure and reliable.
High Accuracy Attitude Regulation of Spacecraft Using Arm Motion
Authors: Shi Ye , Liang Bin , Wang Xue Qian
Published: March 2013

Various path planning algorithms have been used to deduce optimal manipulator joint trajectories for spacecraft attitude regulation using arm motion. However, few papers have considered the unexpected factors when applying those planned path into actual situations. Even though conventional feedback control would drive the arm dynamics to the desired one, this only appears when time evolves to infinity which means during some time the actual joint paths deviate from the desired ones. However, the spacecraft attitude change is related to the entire process of arm motion. So, even a small deviation of the actual joint movement from the desired one would cause the failure of spacecraft attitude regulation task. In this paper, sliding mode control technique is adopted to force the actual joint moves along the desired trajectory from the start. Further, saturation function is used to eliminate the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, the relation between attitude regulation accuracy and controller parameters is deduced which gives instructions in tuning the controller parameters. In the end, numerical simulation is conducted to show the feasibility of the proposed controllers.
Study on Control System for CS Mode of PHEV Based on State Space Description Method
Authors: Zhou Feng Jun , Cao Wan Ke , Lin Cheng , Wang Gang , Xu Zhi Feng
Published: March 2013

Electric vehicles represent the direction for development of future vehicles. The control system for battery component is one of its key technologies and its performance has a vital impaction on the whole vehicle. In this paper, the state space description method is adopted to model the control system for battery component of PHEV. Taking equivalent fuel consumption and power tracing accumulated error as optimize object, the control system is testified and evaluated based on both ECE and NewYork drive cycles. The results indicate that the control system has good driving performance, good fuel economy and charge sustainability, thus satisfying the requirement of electric vehicle application well.