bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissociation of LFP Power and Tuning in the Frontal Cortex during Memory
Authors: Holmes Charles D. , Papadimitriou Charalampos , Snyder Lawrence H.
Published: August 2018

Working memory, the ability to maintain and manipulate information in the brain, is critical for cognition. During the memory period of spatial memory tasks, neurons in the prefrontal cortex code for memorized locations via persistent, spatially tuned increases in activity. Local field potentials (LFPs) are understood to reflect summed synaptic activity of local neuron populations and may offer a window into network-level processing. We recorded LFPs from areas 8A and 9/46 while two male cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) performed a long duration (5.1–15.6 s) memory-guided saccade task. Greater than ∼16 Hz, LFP power was contralaterally tuned throughout the memory period. Yet power for both contralateral and ipsilateral targets fell gradually after the first second of the memory period, dropping below baseline after a few seconds. Our results dissociate absolute LFP power from mnemonic tuning and are consistent with modeling work that suggests that decreasing synchronization within a network may improve the stability of memory coding.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe frontal cortex is an important site for working memory. There, individual neurons reflect memorized information with selective increases in activity, but how collections of neurons work together to achieve memory is not well understood. In this work, we examined rhythmic electrical activity surrounding these neurons, which may reflect the operation of recurrent circuitry that could underlie memory. This rhythmic activity was spatially tuned with respect to memorized locations as long as memory was tested (∼7.5 s). Surprisingly, however, the overall magnitude of rhythmic activity decreased steadily over this period, dropping below baseline levels after a few seconds. These findings suggest that collections of neurons may actively desynchronize to promote stability in memory circuitry.
Prenatal undernutrition affects the phenotypes of PCOS model rats
Authors: Iwasa Takeshi , Matsuzaki Toshiya , Yano Kiyohito , Mayila Yiliyasi , Yanagihara Rie , Yamamoto Yuri , Kuwahara Akira , Irahara Minoru
Published: August 2018

Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, its etiology remains poorly understood. From the perspective of developmental origins of health and disease, some studies have investigated the relationship between low birth weight and the prevalence of PCOS and/or PCOS phenotypes in humans; however, the results of these studies were inconclusive. Here, we evaluated the effects of prenatal undernutrition on the metabolic and reproductive phenotypes of dihydrotestosterone-induced PCOS model rats. The PCOS model rats showed increased body weight, food intake, fat weight, adipocyte size and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue; prenatal undernutrition exacerbated these metabolic changes. Prenatal undernutrition also increased the gene expression of hypothalamic orexigenic factor and decreased the gene expression of anorexigenic factor in the PCOS model rats. In addition, the PCOS model rats exhibited irregular cyclicity, polycystic ovaries and disrupted gene expression of ovarian steroidogenic enzymes. Interestingly, prenatal undernutrition attenuated these reproductive changes in the PCOS model rats. Our results suggest that in dihydrotestosterone-induced PCOS model rats, prenatal undernutrition exacerbates the metabolic phenotypes, whereas it improves the reproductive phenotypes and that such phenotypic changes may be induced by the alteration of some peripheral and central factors.
OXTR overexpression leads to abnormal mammary gland development in mice
Authors: Li Dan , Ji Yan , Zhao Chunlan , Yao Yapeng , Yang Anlan , Jin Honghong , Chen Yang , San Mingjun , Zhang Jing , Zhang Mingjiao , Zhang Luqing , Feng Xuechao , Zheng Yaowu
Published: August 2018

Oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor and known for regulation of maternal and social behaviors. Null mutation (Oxtr−/−) leads to defects in lactation due to impaired milk ejection and maternal nurturing. Overexpression of OXTR has never been studied. To define the functions of OXTR overexpression, a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses mouse Oxtr under β-actin promoter was developed (
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Oxtr).
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Oxtr mice displayed advanced development and maturation of mammary gland, including ductal distention, enhanced secretory differentiation and early milk production at non-pregnancy and early pregnancy. However,
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Oxtr dams failed to produce adequate amount of milk and led to lethality of newborns due to early involution of mammary gland in lactation. Mammary gland transplantation results indicated the abnormal mammary gland development was mainly from hormonal changes in ++Oxtr mice but not from OXTR overexpression in mammary gland. Elevated OXTR expression increased prolactin-induced phosphorylation and nuclear localization of STAT5 (p-STAT5), and decreased progesterone level, leading to early milk production in non-pregnant and early pregnant females, whereas low prolactin and STAT5 activation in lactation led to insufficient milk production. Progesterone treatment reversed the OXTR-induced accelerated mammary gland development by inhibition of prolactin/p-STAT5 pathway. Prolactin administration rescued lactation deficiency through STAT5 activation. Progesterone plays a negative role in OXTR-regulated prolactin/p-STAT5 pathways. The study provides evidence that OXTR overexpression induces abnormal mammary gland development through progesterone and prolactin-regulated p-STAT5 pathway.
Influence of Environment Condition on Main Character’s Stress Significant In Inside Out (2015) Film
Authors: Rallie Rivaldy Padel Muhamad
Published: August 2018

This research aims to observe influence of environment condition on main character’s stress significant through psychological approach in Inside Out (2015), a film directed by Pete Docter and Ronnie Del Carmen. By using qualitative method and descriptive analysis technique, this research explains influence of environment on main character’s stress significant through characterization by Boggs and Petrie, cinematography aspect, and concept of stress by Richard Lazarus. This research finds that the main character of Inside Out film has dynamic characters and environment in Inside Out film has a significant influence as the stimulation of stressors that put main character into stress condition based on the facts that San Francisco has natural disaster potency, different food culture, and manner.---Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi lingkungan terhadap stres karakter utama yang signifikan melalui pendekatan psikologis di Inside Out (2015), sebuah film yang disutradarai oleh Pete Docter dan Ronnie Del Carmen. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teknik analisis deskriptif, penelitian ini menjelaskan pengaruh lingkungan terhadap stres karakter utama yang signifikan melalui karakterisasi Boggs dan Petrie, aspek sinematografi, dan konsep stres oleh Richard Lazarus. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa karakter utama film Inside Out yang memiliki karakter dan lingkungan dinamis di film Inside Out memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan sebagai stimulasi stressor yang menempatkan karakter utama pada kondisi stres berdasarkan fakta bahwa San Francisco memiliki potensi bencana alam, makanan yang berbeda. budaya, dan cara.DOI : .10.15408/bat.v24i1.6357
Perang dan Percintaan dalam Sajak-Sajak Clarence Michael James Dennis
Authors: Susandi Deny Gunawan
Published: August 2018

Abstract This research focuses on analyzing Clarence Michael James Dennis's character and works that illustrate the atmosphere of natural beauty and romance in Australia when during and after the war. In this paper also explained that the development of literary works in the UK affect the development of literary works in Australia. The works sampled in this study are the works of C.J Dennis made before World War 1, until after World War 1 was completed. The values of humanity, the atmosphere of war, and romance became the cirikhas of C. Dennis's poems. The study concludes that C. J Dennis is a world writer thanks to his synchronized work and is relevant to the issues that can be absorbed by the world community, as well as explaining how the first world war from the standpoint of the army world. ---Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis tokoh dan karya Clarence Michael James Dennis yang menggambarkan suasana keindahan alam dan percintaan di Australia ketika saat dan setelah perang. Pada paper ini juga dijelaskan bahwa perkembangan karya sastra di Inggris mempengaruhi perkembangan karya sastra di Australia. Karya-karya yang dijadikan sample pada penelitian ini adalah karya-karya C.J Dennis yang dibuat sebelum perang dunia 1, hingga setelah perang dunia 1 selesai. Nilai-nilai kemanusiaan, suasana perang, dan percintaan menjadi cirikhas dari sajak-sajak C.J Dennis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa C.J Dennis merupakan sastrawan dunia berkat karya-karyanya yang sinkron dan relevan dengan isu yang dapat diserap oleh masyarakat dunia, serta menjelaskan tentang bagaimana perang dunia pertama dari sudut pandang dunia tentara.DOI : 10.15408/bat.v24i1.7005
Al Shiraa’ Al ‘Aniif fii Riwayat Ismii Ahmar
Authors: Arika Merdu
Published: August 2018

The research is titled 'Violent Conflict in the novel' ismi ahmar 'by orhan parmuk. This study focuses on two core issues of violent conflict and lafaz-lafaz factors that show violent conflict. The analytical technique used is the method of analysis description that is used to analyze the data by describing or describing the data that has been collected as it is without intending to make conclusions that apply to the public or generation. The results obtained from research that is, the factors of conflict first factor biyulujiyah, that is the way someone do violence to his opponent or the way he melakukakn killing on his opponent. The second factor wastiqah, namely the murder that occurred between close friends, family and friends. Third factor ijtimaiyah, namely the relationship with social as in school and workplace so that happened violence. The fourth factor ijtimaiyah kharijiah, namely violence that occurred in the outside community such as the inclusion of the attack from the outside so that there was violence and murder.---Penelitian ini berjudul ‘Konflik kekerasan dalam novel “ismi ahmar” karya orhan parmuk. Penelitian ini fokus pada dua permasalahan inti yaitu factor-faktor konflik kekerasan dan lafaz-lafaz yang menunjukkan konflik kekerasan. Adapun teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah metode deskripsi analisis yaitu digunakan untuk menganalisis data dengan cara mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan data yang telah terkumpul sebagaimana adanya tanpa bermaksud membuat kesimpulan yang berlaku untuk umum atau generasi. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian  yaitu, factor-faktor konflikpertama factor biyulujiyah, yaitu cara seseorang melakukan kekerasan kepada lawannya atau cara dia melakukakn pembunuhan pada lawannya. Kedua factor wastiqah, yaitu pembunuhan yang terjadi antara teman dekat, keluargakerabat dan teman. Ketiga factor ijtimaiyah, yaitu hubungan dengan social seperti di sekolah dan tempat kerja sehingga terjadilah kekerasan. Keempat factor ijtimaiyah kharijiah, yaitu kekerasan yang terjadi di masyarakat luar seperti masuknyapeperangan dari luar sehingga terjadilah kekerasan dan pembunuhan.DOI : 10.15408/bat.v24i1.7591
Devolatilization of African Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Husk studied by TG-MS
Authors: Albis Arrieta Alberto Ricardo , Ortiz Muñoz Ever , Piñeres Ariza Ismael , Suárez Escobar Andrés Felipe , Vanegas Chamorro Marley Cecilia
Published: August 2018

Using simultaneous thermogravimetrical analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy, the pyrolysis of African palm husk, using several heat rates and programs was performed. Seven relations of mass/charge were followed of the evolved gas of the pyrolysis process, fitting the kinetics and the mass spectroscopy signals to the distributed activation energy model (DAEM) with different numbers of pseudo-components. Fitting with four pseudo-components proved to be the best for modeling the thermal degradation process. Kinetic parameters were not affected by the heating rate or program employed, which agrees with other reports for similar biomass. Methane, methanol formaldehyde, furfural were successfully fitted to the DAEM model, nevertheless CO2 and NO2 were not able to be represented by this model due to its production in secondary reactions in gaseous phase.
Novelties in the 2017 SJR for Engineering journals ranking
Authors: Pavas Andres
Published: August 2018

Recently the new results of Scimago Journal Rank-SJR, Journal Citation Report-JCR and Google Scholar Metrics for journals have been updated and published. This editorial note presents a comparative analysis of 2016 and 2017 SJR ranking, pointing out differences in journal performance.
The Effect of Situational Leadership Style and Compensation to Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variable at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Denpasar Branch
Authors: Setyorini RR. Wahyu , Yuesti Anik , Landra Nengah
Published: August 2018

The aims of study are to examine and analyze the influence of situational leadership style and compensation on employee performance with job satisfaction as intervening variable. This research was conducted at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Denpasar Branch Office with population and sample of all employees working at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Denpasar Branch Office, which are 64 people. All data obtained from the questioner distribution is feasible to be used, then analyzed using model of structural equation based on variance known as Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis.

The result of the research shows that (1) situational leadership impact  positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, (2) compensation impact positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, (3) job satisfaction has positive and significant effect to employee's performance, (4) situational leadership has positive and (6) situational leadership impact positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction, (7) compensation impact positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. (5) Compensation have impact a negative effect on employee performance.

The implication of this research is that situational leadership can be improved by paying attention to exemplary in order to increase employee performance. Compensation can be increased by paying attention to incentive to sacrifice to increase employee performance. Job satisfaction can be enhanced by paying attention to the superiority of employee's ability to improve employee performance last employee performance can be improved by taking into account the responsibility.
Delayed Neurological Deficit after Traumatic Odontoid Fracture
Authors: Yunus Yesaya , July Julius
Published: August 2018

Fractures of the odontoid process can lead to gross instability of the atlantoaxial complex and present a significant risk for a potentially catastrophic spinal cord injury. Type II odontoid fractures are the most common odontoid fractures and are unstable that may displace anteriorly or posteriorly.  If left untreated, the patient may develop atlantoaxial dislocation that causes neurological deficit also progressive myelopathy.We described the surgical management of four patients with a delayed neurological deficit after odontoid fracture with a history of trauma and after triggered by traditional massage. Traction several days before operation applied to achieve reduction of atlantoaxial dislocation.Posterior instrumentation and correction of atlantoaxial dislocation were performed with interarticular screw fixation (Harm technique) in all of the patients.All of the four patients showed a reduction of the atlantoaxial dislocation and also a neurological improvement. Cervical traction followed by posterior instrumented correction may be an effective alternative to treating delayed neurological deficits after traumatic odontoid fracture.
Controversies in Managing of Thoracic-Lumbar Upper Burst Fractures
Authors: Sitorus Sahat Edison
Published: August 2018

Upper burst fracture of Th12-L1 has unique anatomy because it contains lower spinal cord, medullary cone, and diaphragm which separates between the thoracic and lumbar spine.The presence or absence of neurologic deficit is the single most important factor in the decision making. The presence of profound but incomplete neural deficit in association with canal compromise represents an urgent indication of surgical decompression. Antero-lateral direct decompression with trans-thoracic trans-pleural–retroperitoneal approach given the proximity the cord and conus is the most effective method, with inter-vertebral instrumentation with or without lateral fixation or posterior instrumentation.
Tethered Cord Syndrome
Authors: Ashari Samsul
Published: August 2018

Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a clinical condition of various origins, which comprises of progressive neurological, urological, and orthopaedic dysfunction, because of congenital fixation or tethering of the distal spinal cord by the terminal filum. It is believed that, if the filum elasticity is compromised by either fatty infiltration or abnormal thickening, the spine movement may cause stress upon the conus, resulting in TCS.Patients with symptomatic TCS can present with a wide variety of signs and symptoms in combination with cutaneous, orthopaedic, spinal, anorectal, and urological abnormalities. The common clinical presentations include the presence of cutaneous signs associated with open septal defects, neurogenic bladder with incontinence or urinary tract infection, leg or foot weakness, numbness and/or spasticity, differences in leg or foot length, deformities of the foot, spinal deformities, and back and leg pain.Neuroimaging is used to confirm when there is suspicion of TCS. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice in visualizing the level of the conus medullaris and for identifying a thickened and/or fatty filum.The fundamental goals of surgical intervention in TCS are to prevent future deficits in the asymptomatic patient and to improve or stabilize deficits in the symptomatic patient. These two goals are based on the fact that sectioning of the terminal filum can be done safely with minimal risk and a very low rate of morbidity. The reported complications of surgery are cerebrospinal fluid leakage (most common), wound infection, meningitis, bladder dysfunction, and neurological injury.
Surgery of Intramedullary Tumours
Authors: July Julius
Published: August 2018

Surgery still offers a cure to the majority of intramedullary tumours. The challenge of the surgery is taking out the tumour while preserving the function. Very often the patient has a huge tumour with very minimal symptoms, such as mild numbness. The slow growth of the tumour nature provides enough time for the cord fibres to adapt accordingly.  Usually, the motor function is preserved and most of the pathologies are benign. For this reasons, the majority of cases have good long-term tumour control. The functional outcome is depending on the preoperative functional state, especially for motor function. The patient should be educated prior to surgery, especially to anticipate the post-surgical rehabilitation period. The surgical technique should preserve the motor function, but the fine movement usually gets worst for several months after surgery and slowly recover within 6 months. We share our experience of 45 surgical cases with intramedullary tumour (14F;31M), the pathologies distributions are 20 ependymomas, 8 astrocytomas (1/8 anaplastic astrocytoma), 7 cavernomas, 8 hemangioblastomas, 1 glioblastoma multiforme, and 1 tuberculoma. The location distribution varied from 27 at the cervical cord, 11 thoracal, 4 thoracolumbal, and 3 MO-upper cervical. The surgical outcome for all cases experienced sensory changes and recovered over 6 months. Almost all cases experienced some degree of spasticity and fine movement difficulty and they are improving over 6 months. Motor strength is usually preserved. One case of GBM, improve gradually for the first two months then followed by the disease course regardless of the treatment. The tuberculoma case required one year to recover her neurological function with adequate treatment.
Saving Good Quality of Sleep for Cervical Herniated Nucleus Pulposus Patients
Authors: Dharmajaya Ridha
Published: August 2018

Background: Cervical herniated nucleus pulposus compresses the nerve roots with clinical pain manifestation and causes sleeping disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the quality of sleep before and after surgery.Method: This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and all data was analyzed with the McNemar Test.Result: The outcome revealed that in 98 patients, 72 (73.4%) patients had increased their quality of sleep after surgery.Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the quality of sleep pre- and post-surgery.
Neurological Recovery in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Patient with Delayed Surgical Intervention
Authors: Alatas Mochamad Targib
Published: August 2018

Early surgical treatment for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients has been proven to yield better improvement on neurological state, and widely practiced among surgeons in this field. However, it is not always affordable in every clinical setting. It is undeniable that surgery for chronic SCI has more challenges as the malunion of vertebral bones might have initiated, thus requires more complex operating techniques. In this case series, we report 7 patients with traumatic SCI whose surgical intervention is delayed due to several reasons. Initial motoric scores vary from 0 to 3, all have their interval periods supervised between outpatient clinic visits. On follow up they demonstrate significant neurological development defined by at least 2 grades motoric score improvement. Physical rehabilitation also began before surgery was conducted. These results should encourage surgeons to keep striving for the patient’s best interest, even when the injury has taken place weeks or even months before surgery is feasible because clinical improvement for these patients is not impossible.
Kyphoplasty Technique for Thoraco-Lumbar Compression Fracture
Authors: Sim Alfred Sutrisno
Published: August 2018

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Fractures can happen because of osteoporosis, tumours, or other conditions.In the past two decades, kyphoplasty has emerged as surgical options that play a central role in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Before the common use of kyphoplasty, the principal surgical option for treatment of compression fractures was decompression and fusion. However, surgical fixation frequently failed in elderly patients because of osteopenia. Kyphoplasty has expanded to include treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures, traumatic compression fractures, and metastatic compression fractures. Osteoporotic compression fractures are now the most common indication for this procedure.Kyphoplasty utilizes an inflatable balloon to create a cavity for the cement with the additional potential goals of restoring height and reducing kyphosis. Kyphoplasty is an effective treatment options for the reduction of pain associated with vertebral body compression fractures. Biomechanical studies demonstrate that kyphoplasty is initially superior for increasing vertebral body height and reducing kyphosis, but these gains are lost with repetitive loading. Complications secondary to extravasation of cement include compression of neural elements and venous embolism. These complications are rare but more common with vertebroplasty. Kyphoplasty is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of vertebral body compression fractures.
Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care
Authors: Islam Andi Asadul
Published: August 2018

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.
Surgical Treatment for Scoliosis
Authors: Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus
Published: August 2018

Recently, patients with spinal deformities, particularly scoliosis, could be handled well through surgical pathways. Generally, surgery is indicated in patients with scoliosis curve exceeding 45 degrees (COBB angle> 45). The ultimate goal is to reduce the curve as optimally as possible without disturbing spinal cord. Whether the result is straight or not, it also depends on the patient's spine flexibility before surgery.Surgical indications are for improving appearance, preventing increasing degrees of the curve, preventing interference to other organs such as the lungs, and preventing neurological deficits. Correction of Cobb angle below 25 degrees had already makes the patient feel more comfortable. The amount of screw and instrumentation length depends on the number of spines involved. After surgery treatment, 2-4 weeks of rest are required before returning to daily activity.Fusion principle states that the spine will be slightly stiff in order to be corrected but it is believed that patient's activity could still be done with the remaining flexibility. Surgical treatment of scoliosis that does meet the indications is imperative and relatively safe with advances in medical technology today.
Back Pain and Sciatica are not the Signs of HNP (Nerve Compression)
Authors: Shahab Ali
Published: August 2018

We used to think that back pain and sciatica were the signs of HNP. In fact, each of them has distinct clinical manifestations. In the majority of nerve compression cases, back pain and sciatica are not found. Meanwhile, most of back pain and sciatica are facet syndromes. Thus, the treatment of nerve compression and facet syndrome is different.To treat nerve compression that was progressing to paralyze, about a hundred years ago, Joel Goldthwait performed decompression through laminectomy from L1 to S3. On the other hand, in 1971, Rees, who was the first surgeon to do the procedure, performed facet denervation to cure facet syndrome on 1000 patients by using scalpel and the result was satisfying.Recently, the treatment of back pain and sciatica (facet syndrome) switches over from open surgery to facet denervation by radiofrequency. In patients with back pain whose MRI show signs of HNP but do not experience motor deficit, the choice of management is also facet denervation. Moreover, according to my experience about the treatment of back pain and sciatica, the best results so far are also by facet denervation.
Fear-Avoidance Beliefs in Chronic Cervical Zygapophyseal Joint Pain Relieve With Medial Branch Block
Authors: Yudoyono Farid
Published: August 2018

Background: Chronic posterior neck pain is common, affecting 50–75% of people for 1 year or longer. The zygapophyseal joint is reported to be one of most common causative factors. The fear-avoidance is a model that describes how individuals develop chronic pain as a result of avoidant behaviour based on fear. Previous studies shown that medial branch block (MBB) and radio frequency neurotomy were effective for intractable pain.Material And Method: Case 1, TMK, Male, 57 yo, left posterior neck pain, VAS neck 7-8, NDI 46 %, no radiating pain, no neurological deficit. FABQ-PA score showed high fear (60%). Physical examination provokes facet joint pain. Neuroimaging revealed facet degeneration on T1WI and T2WI MRI. Case 2, RDW, Male, 45 yo, left posterior neck pain, VAS neck 8-9, NDI 40 %, no radiating pain, no neurological deficit. FABQ-PA score showed high fear (63%). Physical examination provokes facet joint pain. Neuroimaging revealed facet degeneration on T1WI and T2WI MRI. Case 3, TAY, Female, 52 yo, bilateral posterior neck pain, VAS neck  8-9, NDI 52 %, no radiating pain, no neurological deficit. FABQ-PA score showed high fear (60%). Physical examination provokes facet joint pain. Neuroimaging revealed facet degeneration on T1WI and T2WI MRI.Results: Our study reveals that C-MBB might ensure pain relief and decrease analgesic need. Physical activity at 1-, 3- and 6-months post-CMBB intervention were 65%, 60% and 68% of patients, respectively, gained >50% pain relief.Conclusion: Therapeutic MBB may provide an option for chronic high fear-avoidance beliefs pain of zygapophyseal joint.
Delayed Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury In Young: A Case Report
Authors: Sutikno Joshua
Published: August 2018

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI), one of the problems caused by traffic accidents, has a high morbidity in developing country like Indonesia. In Indonesia, the use of motorcycles is increasing every year. The epidemiological data from Fatmawati Hospital of spinal cord injury in 2014 was 104 cases both traumatic and non-traumatic SCI. In this case, a young boy with worsening of SCI, delayed the treatment for about 3 months.Case: A 19 years-old male complained of limbs paralysis for the past two weeks. He felt numbness and tingling in hamstring and calf areas. From past medical history, he had a motorcycle accident 3 months prior. After the accident, he suffered from extreme low back pain, but he could still move his legs. Due to economic restrictions, the patient refused to go to the hospital, and they chose a traditional treatment. For about three months, the pain was decreasing, but he was never pain-free. As the symptoms continued to worsen, the neurosurgeon decided to decompress the spinal cord and performed discectomy. After a week of treatment, the pain disappeared, motor muscle got better, and he could feel again the sensation on the dermatome of S1. Conclusion: Early treatment is recommended to get a better outcome. The surgery is not the only treatment, rehabilitation and orthotics using are important too. Delayed treatment increases morbidity rate.
Brachial Plexus Surgery
Authors: Ompusunggu Sevline Estethia , Dahlan Rully Hanafi
Published: August 2018

The magnitude problems of brachial plexus lesions are not only about the surgical approaches but also the basic problems. Its vague clinical symptoms, the complexity of anatomy structure, the use of advanced imaging followed by electrophysiology to address the lesions, and the challenging of surgical timing and options make those lesions management more challenging. These challenges in Indonesia are more difficult because not so many neurosurgeons are familiar with brachial plexus surgery.Brachial plexus surgery is in evolution. For brachial plexus nerve sheath tumours, a fascicular level resection of tumours and preservation of uninvolved fascicles is now possible. Neuropathic pain may be improved by a dorsal root entry zone lesion procedure. The timing of surgery is different in each pathology, especially in traumatic injury. In traumatic injury, it depends on several factors, e.g. the mechanism of injury, type of injury, the speed of the vehicle, and the mode of fall while victim lands on the ground.The common surgical options in traumatic injury are direct repair by means of an end-to-end suture, external neurolysis, nerve grafting, and nerve transfers. Secondary reconstruction to improve function has been widely introduced such as soft-tissue reconstruction (tendon/muscle transfer or free muscle transfer) and bone procedures (arthrodesis or osteotomy). Brachial plexus surgery demands a broad multidisciplinary approach to a common problem, targeting not only the peripheral nerve, but also the brain, spinal cord, muscle, end-organ, bone and joints, and their complex interactions.
Anti-TB Drug for Tuberculosis Spondylitis
Authors: Ibrahim Chandra Satria
Published: August 2018

Tuberculosis spondylitis, or spinal tuberculosis, is a disease that occurs throughout the world. Conservative therapy that is given to patients with spinal tuberculosis actually gives good results, but in certain cases, it requires surgery and rehabilitation therapy. The incidence of tuberculous spondylitis varies worldwide and is usually associated with the quality of available public health service facilities as well as the social factors in the country. Currently, tuberculosis spondylitis is a major source of morbidity and mortality in underdeveloped countries, especially in Asia, where malnutrition and population still remains a major issue. The goals of therapy in tuberculosis spondylitis are eradication of infection or at least to prevent neurological deterioration, and prevention or correction of a deformity or neurological deficit. Administration of anti-tuberculosis drugs is a major therapeutic principle in all cases including spinal tuberculosis. Early administration of anti-tuberculous drugs can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
Management of The Cervical Spine Tuberculosis
Authors: Ibrahim Sabri
Published: August 2018

Tuberculosis of the cervical spine is a rare clinical condition (10%), most commonly affected lower thoracic region (40-50% of the cases). Spinal tuberculosis is a destructive form of tuberculosis. It accounts for approximately half of all cases of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Spinal tuberculosis is more common in children and young adults. The incidence of spinal tuberculosis is increasing in developed nations. Characteristically, there is a destruction of the intervertebral disk space and the adjacent vertebral bodies, collapse of the spinal elements, and anterior wedging leading to kyphosis and gibbus formation. For the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis, magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than x-ray and more specific than computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging frequently demonstrates an involvement of the vertebral bodies on either side of the disk, disk destruction, cold abscess, vertebral collapse, and presence of vertebral column deformities. Anti-tuberculous treatment remains the cornerstone of treatment. Surgery may be required in selected cases, e.g. large abscess formation, severe kyphosis, an evolving neurological deficit, or lack of response to medical treatment. The quality of debridement and bony fusion is optimal when the anterior approach is used. Posterior fixation is the best means of achieving reduction followed by stable sagittal alignment over time. With early diagnosis and early treatment, the prognosis is generally good.
From Achimota to Arusha: an ecumenical journey of Mission in Africa.
Authors: McGeoch Graham
Published: August 2018

Resenha
Performance of recycled soda–lime glass powder in mitigating alkali–silica reaction
Authors: Shafaatian Seyed M H , Wright Jared R , Rajabipour Farshad
Published: August 2018

Recycled soda–lime glass powder (SLGP) is a valuable supplementary cementitious material. However, it has a high alkali content, and its effectiveness in mitigating the alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is uncertain. In this study, the ASR performance of SLGP was evaluated using the accelerated mortar bar test (ASTM C 1567) and the concrete prism test (ASTM C 1293). It was determined that a sufficient dosage of SLGP can mitigate ASR according to ASTM C 1567, and that finer SLGP is more effective. Meanwhile, the 2-year concrete prism test showed that the same type, fineness and dosage of glass powder as tested by C 1567 does reduce ASR, but not sufficiently and below the ASTM failure threshold. Pore fluid composition monitoring revealed that SLGP, over time, serves as a net contributor to the pore solution alkalinity, but these alkalis are released slowly. Overall, SLGP can reduce ASR, albeit insufficiently and temporarily. This ASR reduction is likely through a combination of reduced pore solution pH at early ages (due to cement dilution) and reduced portlandite content and transport properties at later ages (due to pozzolanic reaction). Long-term ASR testing is necessary to determine if and at what dosage a glass pozzolan may be able to control ASR sufficiently.
Diş Hekimliğinde Güvenli Lazer Kullanımı: Derleme
Authors: ÇELİKKOL Berk , ERDİLEK Necdet
Published: August 2018

Lazer
teknolojisi, diş hekimliğine kanamasız cerrahi işlem, minimal post-op ağrı,
kısa işlem süresi gibi avantajlar sunmaktadır. Bu büyük avantajların yanı sıra,
bu teknolojinin kullanımıyla gün geçtikçe lazer güvenliği önemli bir unsur
haline gelmiştir. Kullanım sırasında oküler tehlikeler, doku yaralanması,
uygulama sırasında açığa çıkan buharın solunması, yangın ve patlama gibi
tehlikeler mevcuttur. Lazerlerin güvenli kullanımı, lazer kazalarına bağlı
yaralanmaların en aza indirilmesi için sağlık çalışanları tarafından dikkat
edilmesi gereken önlemlerle mümkündür. Bu derlemede, diş hekimliğinde lazer
kullanımı ile ilgili riskler araştırılmış ve lazer yaralanmalarının önlenmesi
için klinikte uygulanabilecek bazı lazer güvenlik protokolleri ve önlemleri anlatılmıştır.
ABDOMİNAL DREN TÜPÜ İNSİZYONU İLİŞKİLİ NÖROPATİK AĞRI; TANI VE TEDAVİDE TRANSVERS ABDOMİNİS PLAN (TAP) BLOK
Authors: ALKAYA SOLMAZ Filiz , GÖLBOYU Birzat Emre , KIRDEMİR Pakize
Published: August 2018

Transversus abdominis plan (TAP) bloğu
son yıllarda kullanımı yaygınlaşmış rejyonel anestezi tekniğidir. Bu blok
tekniğinin cerrahi sonrası akut ağrıda kullanımı ile ilgili bir çok çalışma
olmasına rağmen kronik ağrı yönetiminde kullanımı ile ilgili veriler
kısıtlıdır. Nöropatik karakterde ve uzamış batın ön duvarı ağrısı olan olguda
TAP bloğun tanı ve tedavideki etkinliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Leaf Punch DNA Extraction v1
Authors: Rajewski Alex , McGregor Cecilia
Published: August 2018

This is a quick (and very cheap) genomic DNA extraction protocol for fresh leaf or seed tissue in many plant species. It should be use preferably for extractions that do not require exceptional lengths of DNA, and is suitable for routine PCR, sanger sequencing, and restriction digests. The protocol is modified from Edwards et al. Nucleic Acids Research 19(6): 1349, and has been adapted since then by Zach King, Jonathan Serrano, and Cecilia McGregor. Typical yeilds of DNA are ~200ng/µL.
A Interferência da Relação Comprador-vendedor e da Dimensão da Confiança na Percepção de Injustiça do Preço
Authors: Ortiz Ubal Valentina , Slongo Luiz Antonio
Published: August 2018

A teoria existente sobre a temática da percepção de injustiça do preço argumenta que esta é influenciada por diferentes dimensões de confiança associadas ao relacionamento entre o comprador e o vendedor. Há autores que sustentam que quanto mais longo o relacionamento e maior a confiança, maior será a injustiça de preço percebida diante de uma situação de pagamento de um preço distinto e desvantajoso em relação a outros compradores. Contudo, outros estudiosos opinam o contrário, alegando que o relacionamento e a confiança são agentes minimizadores da percepção de injustiça do preço. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal do presente artigo foi analisar a interferência da relação comprador-vendedor e da dimensão da confiança na percepção de injustiça do preço. Com isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica e um estudo exploratório qualitativo para alicerçar a formulação de proposições de estudo sobre o tema. Foram realizadas entrevistas com seis gestores de empresas situadas na Fronteira Brasil-Uruguai, com o intuito de descobrir o ponto de vista da sociedade empresarial sobre o assunto. Constatou-se que quando há uma relação de confiança elevada entre o comprador e o vendedor, a constatação de uma diferença de preço desvantajosa por parte do comprador gera uma percepção de injustiça do preço maior por parte do mesmo. Além disso, descobriu-se que quando há mais confiança, se espera um maior comprometimento e há uma expectativa maior sobre as ações da outra parte e, quando percebida injustiça do preço cobrado pelo vendedor entende-se que houve uma traição.
Bahaya Radikalisme terhadap NKRI
Authors: Khamid Nur
Published: August 2018

An ideology, is needed by a nation to bind the people to live together in the shade of one ideology. Likewise in Indonesia that the founding fathers already set ideology of Pancasila as the nation of Indonesia, it is automatically Pancasila becomes the nation’s ideology that must be obeyed and followed by the whole nations. Pancasila is an ideology with the principle of “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” which teaches us to always live with a sense of tolerance. Due to the presence of many religious, ethnic, racial and flow, but the essence is one also, the one nation, the nation of Indonesia. Lately emerged a new ideology in Indonesia that is very disturbing society, namely the ideology of radical Islam. An exclusive ideology that always puts the violence in the realization of its goals. Dogmas contained in the teachings of Islam interpretednarrowly and misused to legitimize any radical action. The ideology of radical Islam is very much influenced by the ideology of ISIS or the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, which is a group of militant jihad idiology, that is being developed all over the world through websites, books, education in schools, campuses, lecture , social networks like face book, you tube, twitter etc.
Dari Ibrahim M. Abu Rabi’ tentang Problematika Studi Islam Kontemporer
Authors: Mahfudh Hasan
Published: August 2018

The dynamic of thought, study, and learning is a necessity. The interaction of subjects and objects, added by some problems which are being or have occurred and the challenges that will be faced become the reasons for this dynamic. It is not a problem if perspectives, approaches or scientific paradigm have shifted significantly later. Islamic study formulated in the Ulum al-din, al-Fikr al-Islamy or Dirasat Islamiyyah is ideally always dynamic and evolving as a study in general. Despite of the various problems faced by Muslims today, Ibrahim M. Abu Rabi ‘(hereinafter typed Abu Rabi’) found no significant development of Islamic studies. Stagnation of Islamic studies at least can be found in the various elements. Through the study of Islamic thought history, Abu Rabi’ tried to uncover the “disease” which was lull. Then, he tried to resuscitate the intellectuals to fully understand the role and function inencouraging Islamic studies with a scientific perspective developing at this time. The issue becoming increasingly complex cannot be explained satisfactorily by the classical Ulum al-Din theory which is only focused on text, especially only a portion of the text. Halal and haram for example are felt helpless facing increasingly varied social problems. Islamic studies would not want to open and open up to the disciplines of science, not mono-dicipline.
IMPACTO DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DA MASSAGEM SHANTALA PARA CRIANÇAS: ensaio de campo randomizado.
Authors: Ribeiro Mota Rhuan Luiz , De Souza Nilzemar Ribeiro , Nascimento Karine Vilela
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: A incorporação das práticas alternativas e complementares no sistema de saúde, principalmente ao nível de atenção primária, vem sendo sugerido há algumas décadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, como estratégia de se alcançar saúde com qualidade de vida para as populações de todo o mundo. A cultura indiana através da globalização tem trazido muitas contribuições para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas, dentre elas a técnica de massagem para bebês, conhecida como Shantala. OBJETIVO: No presente estudo, tivemos como objetivo avaliar o emprego do Método Massagem Shantala em crianças até 06 meses adscritas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família do município de Passos-MG, por meio de estudo randomizado. METODOLOGIA: Pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa por meio de estudo randomizado, onde para cada 5 crianças do estudo 2 serão alocadas para o Grupo Intervenção (GI) e 3 para o Grupo Controle (GC), a randomização em blocos será utilizada para evitar ou diminuir possíveis desequilíbrios em algum ponto do processo. O estudo foi direcionado aos pais de crianças até 06 meses de idade do PSF Novo Horizonte. Após a coleta dos dados, os dados foram tabulados e apresentados por meios de tabelas e gráficos, sendo analisados por meio de percentuais. O período de desenvolvimento do projeto foi de Abril de 2016 a Dezembro de 2017, no período vespertino. RESULTADOS PARCIAIS: O projeto vem sendo desenvolvido desde o ano de 2014 demonstrando nos resultados parciais uma melhora na qualidade de vida das crianças e familiares, sendo que nas etapas de 2016/2017 foram acompanhadas 35 crianças, sendo 21 do GC (Grupo Controle) e 14 do GI (Grupo Intervenção). As crianças do GI receberam consulta de enfermagem e o emprego da Massagem Shantala em oficinas e as GC receberam consulta de enfermagem. O estudo constatou que em relação ao aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de vida da criança obteve-se 93% (N=13) do GI e 62% (N=13) do GC; quanto ao calendário vacinal completo o GI apresentou 100% e o GC  48% de adesão.  Em relação ao peso, obteve-se 100% (N=14) de satisfação do GI quanto aos percentis entre 10 e 97; GC apresentou com 76% (N=16), sendo que 24% destes (N=5) o percentil encontrava-se entre 10 e 3. Em relação à estatura o GI apresentou 100% (N=14) de satisfação do percentil entre 10 e 97; GC apresentou 95% (N=20) de satisfação, ocorrendo 5% (N=1) de insatisfação do percentil. Sobre os aspectos de morbidade, a maioria das crianças acometidas por febre e agravos respiratórios foi do GC, sendo respectivamente, 58,33% (N=7) e 66,67 (N=8) do total. CONSIDERAÇÕES PARCIAIS: Acredita-se que seja esta uma forma de ofertar saúde com qualidade, reduzir a mortalidade e as hospitalizações por causas evitáveis, fortalecer o vínculo familiar, apoiar os pais na educação dos seus filhos, proporcionar um crescimento e desenvolvimento saudáveis, e aproximar o enfermeiro do contexto sócio familiar da criança, justificando a continuação do estudo.
E-marketing Skill: An Essential Future Qualification to Compete in the Digital Era (The Effect of Social Media E-marketing to Consumers’ Shopping Behavior)
Authors: Krypton A
Published: August 2018

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A Review of Vocational Education Curriculum in Accordance with Industrial Needs: Case Study
Authors: Arianty F , Purwanto T A
Published: August 2018

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Academic Fraud Behaviour Among Students in Accounting Diploma Program: An Empirical Study in Bali
Authors: Artani K T B
Published: August 2018

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Qualitative Descriptive Study on Verbal Communication of Indonesian Women in ‘Pengajian and Arisan’ Community in Brisbane, Australia
Authors: Prasanti D , Indriani S S
Published: August 2018

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Identification of Some Factors that Motivated Last Vocational Student at the University of Indonesia to choose the Multinational Company (MNC) as their Internship Company Workplace (Case study of Office Administration and Secretary Student)
Authors: . Istiadi
Published: August 2018

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