bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Simulation of Tennis Serve Image Path Correction Optimization Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Shaokun , Yu Huan
Published: November 2022

The traditional tennis serve training model has been deeply ingrained in the current training. For athletes, in order to master the essentials of technical movements proficiently, they must practice for a long time and repeatedly according to the guidance of coaches. Effectively correcting the image path of tennis serve can improve the level of tennis training and competition. When correcting the image path of the tennis serve, it is necessary to mark the corners of the error points according to the characteristics of rotating multidimensional characteristics of the serving action. The traditional method adopts the critical node control method to realize the extraction of limb features and complete the path correction of the serving image. The error points of the process are marked, which reduces the accuracy of the path correction. Based on the deep learning model, this paper proposes an optimization modeling method for tennis serve image path correction and builds a visual feature acquisition system for tennis serve action based on remote video monitoring. The processing method designs the edge segmentation algorithm for the collected visual images and, on this basis, marks the corner points of the error points of the serving action and realizes the optimal modeling of the path correction of the tennis serving image. In this paper, the DLT algorithm and MSDLT algorithm are compared first, and then, the DLT algorithm is compared with the algorithm in this paper. The results show that the success rate of this method is about 92%, while the success rate of DLT algorithm is only about 82%. This algorithm has obvious advantages. The method in this paper is used to correct the action shape of the tennis serving action, which has better real time and accuracy and superior performance and can accurately track the visual edge information feature points of the player during the serving process.
Prevalence and Antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Cattle Milk Products Sold in Juja Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Sombie Julius I. N. , Kagira John , Maina Naomi
Published: November 2022

Dairy ruminant milk provides a conducive environment for bacterial proliferation. In animals, these bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, whose overuse has led to increased cases of drug resistance. A cross-sectional study was conducted on milk and milk products vended in Juja Sub-County, Kenya to determine the prevalence of bacteria and antibiogram of Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. A total of 169 milk samples were obtained from various outlets in the study area. Milk samples were cultured and isolated bacteria were identified using standard bacteriological procedures. Various bacteria (15 species) were isolated in different proportions. Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli were isolated from 25.4% and 11.8% of the collected samples, respectively. The highest number of Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from raw milk (n = 34) while the highest number of E. coli where isolated from fermented milk (n = 15). Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests using CLSI guidelines. The Staphylococcus spp. isolates were highly resistant to penicillin G (93%) but susceptible to norfloxacin (100%), gentamicin (90.6%), and chloramphenicol (86%). The E. coli isolates were highly resistant to cephalexin (85%) and ceftazidime (60%) but susceptible to chloramphenicol (100%), norfloxacin (95%), gentamicin (95%), azithromycin (95%) and cefepime (80%). Furthermore, 44.3% of Staphylococcus spp. and 50% of E. coli isolates had a Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index greater than 0.2. This implies that these bacteria were high-risk bacteria whose treatment with current antibiotics would be challenging. The high prevalence and multidrug resistance patterns shown by the Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli isolated from milk products in Juja Sub-county highlights the importance of proper handling and processing of milk from the farm to consumers. This will in turn reduce the possibility of zoonotic transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
An Alliance of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with Precise Capsular Serotypes and Clinical Determinants: A Disquietude in Hospital Setting
Authors: Soltani Elghar , Hasani Alka , Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Nahandi Maryam Zaare , Hasani Akbar , Gholizadeh Pourya
Published: November 2022

Carbapenemase-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a genuine burden for physicians and researchers. We aimed at carbapenemase resistance and its relation with capsular serotyping in K. pneumoniae and studied some clinical determinants, which may influence the clinical infections. Initially, 61 K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from various clinical specimens were confirmed at the molecular level and then antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed followed by capsular serotyping performed by multiplex PCR. All isolates were subjected to the detection of carbapenemase genes including blaKPC, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-48, blaVIM, and blaIMP. Clinical and demographic data of all patients were reviewed including age, gender, underlying diseases, and the treatment obtained. Multidrug-resistance was a predominant feature in 77% K. pneumoniae strains. Presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was detected phenotypically in 59% K. pneumoniae strains. Carbapenem resistance was noticed phenotypically in 24.6% isolates. blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 were the most frequent carbapenemase genes. blaNDM-1 positive isolates correlated with gentamicin, amikacin, imipenem, and meropenem resistance (

p
<
0.05

). The nosocomial isolates mostly harbored blaOXA-48 gene (

p
<
0.02

). Amongst all the K. pneumoniae isolates, 59% isolates could be typed and serotype K54 had the highest prevalence followed by K20 and K5. Correlation between the carbapenemase genes, serotype and type of infection showed that blaOXA-48 positive strains had a significant association with K20 serotype and urinary tract infections (

p
=
0.2

) while, K20 serotype and blaKPC positive strains were significantly associated with wound infections (K20,

p
=
0.3

and blaKPC, and

p
=
0.4

). Mucoid phenotype was not found related to presence of specific carbapenemase genes or serotypes except serotype K20 (

p
<
0.001

). Patients with monotherapy had treatment failure in comparison to the combination therapy for blaKPC-associated infections. In conclusion, the present investigation exhibited the significant association between K20 serotype with blaOXA-48. The predominance of K54 reveals the possibility of endemicity in our hospital setting. K. pneumoniae isolated from wound specimens significantly harbors K20 serotype and blaKPC gene. Comprehensive clinical information and the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes, and serotypes may play important roles in the treatment process.
Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis in Ruminants and Studying the Effect of Novel Green Synthetized Nanoparticles as One of the Alternative Treatments
Authors: Mostafa Abdalhamed Abeer , Zeedan Gamil Sayed Gamil , Ahmed Arafa Amany , Shafeek Ibrahim Eman , Sedky Doaa , Abdel nabey Hafez Amani
Published: November 2022

Mastitis is an important disease in dairy animals worldwide. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of clinical and subclinical intramammary infections. In the current study, we isolated bacteria from 150 mastitic milk samples. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the methicillin resistance genes in S. aureus to detect the occurrence of MRSA isolates. Green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using aqueous leaf extracts of Artemisia herb Alba (A. herb Alba TiO2 NPs). The antibacterial efficacy of these nanoparticles was evaluated (in vitro and in vivo) against collected MRSA isolates using the disc diffusion method and SPF rats. Out of 150 mastitic milk samples, the frequency of S. aureus was 38 (25.3%), that of E. coli was 45 (30%), that of Klebsiella spp. Was 7 (4.7%), and that of Streptococcus spp. Was 11 (7.3%). Among 38 positive isolates of S. aureus, MRSA was 16 (42.1%) by antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST) and 14 (38.8%) by multiplex PCR. The MRSA isolates were shown to have 100% resistance to penicillin and methicillin, 87.5% resistance to gentamicin, 50% resistance to cefoxitin and amoxicillin, and 75% resistance to ampicillin and ampicillin/sublactam with low resistance against erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and levofloxacin by AST, respectively. A. herb Alba TiO2 NP formation was observed by changing the colour from white to dark green. The UV spectrum revealed absorbance peaks at 240–250 nm, and their sizes ranged from 42–66 nm and 11 to 45 nm by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). ‏A. herb Alba TiO2 NP suspensions were evaluated against MRSA, with the highest zone of inhibition (43 ± 0.45 mm) at a concentration of 40 μg/ml. Hematological parameters and histological examination after oral administration of 20 mg/kg of A. herb Alba TiO2 NPs indicated that A. herb Alba TiO2 NPs can be used as a new antimicrobial against resistant bacteria (MRSA) with consideration of the dose and methods of synthesis of plant-based compounds.
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Processed by Twist Extrusion and Subsequent Rolling
Authors: Tarasov Oleksandr F. , Gribkov Eduard P. , Pavlenko Dmytro V. , Danylenko Mykola I. , Altukhov Alexander V.
Published: November 2022

The article considers one of the combined methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD), which includes twist extrusion (TE) and subsequent rolling. The use of combined forming methods is promising for industrial use. Titanium grade 1 was used as a material in the experiments. Rolling was carried out in three stages with a decrease in temperature from 350°C to 180°C for a number of passes with one heating. The accumulated strain degree was e = 4.6 at twist extrusion and e = 3 in rolling. Increasing the reduction per pass decreases the number of heatings and increases the efficiency of the rolling process in whole. At the same time, it is necessary to set the maximum processing modes at which recrystallization processes do not occur in the billet. When rolling, the deformation degree in one pass was taken in the range of 5–20% with an increase in successive passes. The use of such deformation degrees allowed reducing the grain size in titanium grade 1 significantly. Twist extrusion reduces the grain size to 300–500 nm. Subsequent rolling allowed reducing the size of structural elements to 50–100 nm and provided a significant increase in the mechanical characteristics of the billet material (up to 869 MPa) while maintaining satisfactory ductility (up to 11.6%). It was found that increasing the deformation degree in one pass up to 40% at cross-rolling and simultaneously increasing the temperature to 385°C led to a decrease in the UFG structure quality and reduced strength of the deformable material by starting the dynamic recrystallization process.
Rates and Causes of Tailings Dam Failures
Authors: Stark Timothy D. , Moya Lucia , Lin Jiale
Published: November 2022

This paper analyzes two tailings dam databases and recent failures to assess the local and global failure rates of upstream, downstream, and centerline raised tailings dams. Since 2000, the failure rate for all three raising methods has decreased except in Brazil, which helps explain the recent Brazilian regulations banning upstream raising. However, the failure rates also show that the downstream and centerline raising methods of tailings dams are not immune to failure, so, if mining continues, one of these three raising methods will be used, and all have been involved in prior failures. The paper also presents data on failure mechanisms, showing that slope stability, earthquakes, and overtopping are the three primary causes of tailings dam failures. To continue decreasing the failure rate of tailings dams, the following features and practices should be used in all types of tailings dams: drainage systems, engineering analyses, instrumentation, monitoring, inspection, and qualified external peer review to further reduce the failure rates, especially in Brazil. Finally, a section containing data on release volume as a function of dam height and total storage volume is presented.
TSHVNet: Simultaneous Nuclear Instance Segmentation and Classification in Histopathological Images Based on Multiattention Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yuli , Jia Yuhang , Zhang Xinxin , Bai Jiayang , Li Xue , Ma Miao , Sun Zengguo , Pei Zhao
Published: November 2022

Accurate nuclear instance segmentation and classification in histopathologic images are the foundation of cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Several challenges are restricting the development of accurate simultaneous nuclear instance segmentation and classification. Firstly, the visual appearances of different category nuclei could be similar, making it difficult to distinguish different types of nuclei. Secondly, it is thorny to separate highly clustering nuclear instances. Thirdly, rare current studies have considered the global dependencies among diverse nuclear instances. In this article, we propose a novel deep learning framework named TSHVNet which integrates multiattention modules (i.e., Transformer and SimAM) into the state‐of‐the‐art HoVer‐Net for the sake of a more accurate nuclear instance segmentation and classification. Specifically, the Transformer attention module is employed on the trunk of the HoVer‐Net to model the long‐distance relationships of diverse nuclear instances. The SimAM attention modules are deployed on both the trunk and branches to apply the 3D channel and spatial attention to assign neurons with appropriate weights. Finally, we validate the proposed method on two public datasets: PanNuke and CoNSeP. The comparison results have shown the outstanding performance of the proposed TSHVNet network among the state‐of‐art methods. Particularly, as compared to the original HoVer‐Net, the performance of nuclear instance segmentation evaluated by the PQ index has shown 1.4% and 2.8% increases on the CoNSeP and PanNuke datasets, respectively, and the performance of nuclear classification measured by F1_score has increased by 2.4% and 2.5% on the CoNSeP and PanNuke datasets, respectively. Therefore, the proposed multiattention‐based TSHVNet is of great potential in simultaneous nuclear instance segmentation and classification.
Effects of Omega-3-Rich Pork Lard on Serum Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6NJ Mice
Authors: Koontanatechanon Anantawat , Wongphatcharachai Manoosak , Nonthabenjawan Nutthawan , Jariyahatthakij Pichaya , Khorporn Thanchanok , Parnsen Wanpeuch , Keattisin Benjawan , Leksrisompong Pattarin , Srichana Pairat , Prasopdee Sattrachai , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Sriyakul Kusuma , Thitapakorn Veerachai , Pawa Kammal Kumar
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of consuming omega-3-rich pork lard on the serum lipid profile and gut microbiome of the mice model. Methods and Results. We divided 23 C57BL/6NJ males (16-week-old) into 3 groups, and each group received either a control diet, a high-fat diet of coconut oil (coconut oil), or a high-fat diet of omega-3-rich pork lard (omega lard) for 28 days. Thereafter, fasting serum lipids and fecal microbiomes were analyzed. The serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels of the omega lard-treated group were significantly reduced compared to the coconut oil-treated group (

P
<
0.05

). However, the microbiome analysis revealed a significant increase in the abundance of Lachnospiraceae in the omega lard-treated group compared to the coconut oil-treated group (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the increased serum lipid content was positively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidaceae (

P
<
0.05

) and negatively correlated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. These findings suggested that omega-3-rich pork lard altered the serum lipid profile and gut microbiome in the mice model. Practical Application. The excellent protection offered by omega-3-rich pork lard against hyperlipidemia indicated that pork lard could be used as alternative cooking oil for health-conscious individuals. It could also be introduced as a functional ingredient for patients with hyperlipidemia.
Analysis on Lane Capacity for Expressway Toll Station Using Toll Data
Authors: Wang Haolin , Zou Fumin , Tian Junshan , Guo Feng , Cai Qiqin
Published: November 2022

Toll stations are bottlenecks in the traffic flow of expressways, and the evaluation of their capacity is essential for the operation of the expressway. Traditional capacity studies are mostly based on theoretical modelling of traffic engineering or simulation, with a focus on parameter tuning and idealized hypotheses, resulting in poor reliability. In view of the coexistence of electronic toll collection lanes and compound toll collection lanes at toll stations of expressways in China, the present study analyses the capacity of entrance and exit lanes of toll stations under mixed traffic conditions using a real toll data-driven approach. Firstly, the service time of a single vehicle during the saturation period was taken as the starting point for the capacity estimates. Secondly, the variation in service time for multiple categories of vehicles is modelled using lognormal distribution. Finally, the capacity of the two types of toll lanes at the designated toll station is determined. The important outcome of this study is the calculation of authentic capacity at the toll stations and the discussion of individual special toll lanes. Accordingly, it contributes to the development of appropriate policies to manage the operation of the toll plaza effectively.
Development of a 3-MicroRNA Signature and Nomogram for Predicting the Survival of Patients with Uveal Melanoma Based on TCGA and GEO Databases
Authors: Zuo Jun , Ye Hongquan , Tang Jing , Lu Jianqun , Wan Qi
Published: November 2022

Background. The aim of this study was to apply bioinformatic analysis to develop a robust miRNA signature and construct a nomogram model in uveal melanoma (UM) to improve prognosis prediction. Methods. miRNA and mRNA sequencing data for 80 UM patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The patients were further randomly assigned to a training set (n = 40, used to identify key miRNAs) and a testing set (n = 40, used to internally verify the signature). Then, miRNAs data of GSE84976 and GSE68828 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for outside verification. Combining univariate analysis and LASSO methods for identifying a robust miRNA biomarker in training set and the signature was validated in testing set and outside dataset. A prognostic nomogram was constructed and combined with decision curve as well as reduction curve analyses to assess the application of clinical usefulness. Finally, we constructed a miRNA-mRNA regulator network in UM and conducted pathway enrichment analysis according to the mRNAs in the network. Results. In total, a 3-miRNA was identified and validated that can robustly predict UM patients’ survival. According to univariate and multivariate cox analyses, age at diagnosis, tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification, stage, and the 3-miRNA signature significantly correlated with the survival outcomes. These characteristics were used to establish nomogram. The nomogram worked well for predicting 1 and 3 years of overall survival time. The decision curve of nomogram revealed a good clinical usefulness of our nomogram. What’s more, a miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Pathway enrichment showed that this network was largely involved in mRNA processing, the mRNA surveillance pathway, the spliceosome, and so on. Conclusions. We developed a 3-miRNA biomarker and constructed a prognostic nomogram, which may afford a quantitative tool for predicting the survival of UM. Our finding also provided some new potential targets for the treatment of UM.
Panorama macroeconómico
Authors: García Carlos
Published: November 2022

Un presupuesto contra cíclico es una noticia muy positiva para enfrentar la probable recesión del próximo año. En otras palabras, lo que el Gobierno busca es subir su propio gasto de tal manera de compensar la caída del gasto privado, en especial la inversión (como explicaremos más adelante). En efecto, se espera que el crecimiento del PIB el 2023 caiga en -1.0%, por tanto, un aumento del gasto fiscal de 4,2% asegura por lo menos un 1% extra de crecimiento del PIB. Así, la política fiscal del presidente Boric estará acertadamente estabilizando en parte la economía chilena el próximo año. Continuar leyendo...
T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Sequencing in the Era of Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Frank Meredith L. , Lu Kaylene , Erdogan Can , Han Yi , Hu Jian , Wang Tao , Heymach John V. , Zhang Jianjun , Reuben Alexandre
Published: November 2022

T cells are integral components of the adaptive immune system, and their responses are mediated by unique T-cell receptors (TCR) that recognize specific antigens from a variety of biological contexts. As a result, analyzing the T-cell repertoire offers a better understanding of immune responses and of diseases like cancer. Next-generation sequencing technologies have greatly enabled the high-throughput analysis of the TCR repertoire. On the basis of our extensive experience in the field from the past decade, we provide an overview of TCR sequencing, from the initial library preparation steps to sequencing and analysis methods and finally to functional validation techniques. With regards to data analysis, we detail important TCR repertoire metrics and present several computational tools for predicting antigen specificity. Finally, we highlight important applications of TCR sequencing and repertoire analysis to understanding tumor biology and developing cancer immunotherapies.
Anti-BCMA/CD19 CAR T Cells with Early Immunomodulatory Maintenance for Multiple Myeloma Responding to Initial or Later-Line Therapy
Authors: Garfall Alfred L. , Cohen Adam D. , Susanibar-Adaniya Sandra P. , Hwang Wei-Ting , Vogl Dan T. , Waxman Adam J. , Lacey Simon F. , Gonzalez Vanessa E. , Fraietta Joseph A. , Gupta Minnal , Kulikovskaya Irina , Tian Lifeng , Chen Fang , Koterba Natalka , Bartoszek Robert L. , Patchin Margaret , Xu Rong , Plesa Gabriela , Siegel Don L. , Brennan Andrea , Nelson Anne Marie , Ferthio Regina , Cosey Angela , Shea Kim-Marie , Leskowitz Rachel , Four Megan , Wilson Wesley V. , Miao Fei , Lancaster Eric , Carreno Beatriz M. , Linette Gerald P. , Hexner Elizabeth O. , Young Regina M. , Bu Dexiu , Mansfield Keith G. , Brogdon Jennifer L. , June Carl H. , Milone Michael C. , Stadtmauer Edward A.
Published: November 2022

We conducted a phase I clinical trial of anti-BCMA chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART-BCMA) with or without anti-CD19 CAR T cells (huCART19) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients responding to third- or later-line therapy (phase A, N = 10) or high-risk patients responding to first-line therapy (phase B, N = 20), followed by early lenalidomide or pomalidomide maintenance. We observed no high-grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and only one instance of low-grade neurologic toxicity. Among 15 subjects with measurable disease, 10 exhibited partial response (PR) or better; among 26 subjects responding to prior therapy, 9 improved their response category and 4 converted to minimal residual disease (MRD)–negative complete response/stringent complete response. Early maintenance therapy was safe, feasible, and coincided in some patients with CAR T-cell reexpansion and late-onset, durable clinical response. Outcomes with CART-BCMA + huCART19 were similar to CART-BCMA alone. Collectively, our results demonstrate favorable safety, pharmacokinetics, and antimyeloma activity of dual-target CAR T-cell therapy in early lines of MM treatment.

Significance:

CAR T cells in early lines of MM therapy could be safer and more effective than in the advanced setting, where prior studies have focused. We evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of CAR T cells in patients with low disease burden, responding to current therapy, combined with standard maintenance therapy.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 101
Konsensusempfehlungen zur Optimierung von Tests auf neue geeignete Zielmutationen bei nicht kleinzelligem Lungenkrebs
Authors: Ionescu Diana N. , Stockley Tracy L. , Banerji Shantanu , Couture Christian , Mather Cheryl A. , Xu Zhaolin , Blais Normand , Cheema Parneet K. , Chu Quincy S.-C. , Melosky Barbara , Leighl Natasha B.
Published: November 2022

Ein nicht kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom (NSCLC) wird seit jeher mit einer schlechten Prognose und einer geringen Überlebensrate von bis zu 5 Jahren in Verbindung gebracht, aber der Einsatz zielgerichteter Therapien beim NSCLC hat die Behandlungsergebnisse für die Patienten in den letzten 10 Jahren verbessert. Die Entwicklung neuer zielgerichteter Therapien beschleunigt sich und damit auch der Bedarf an molekularen Tests für neue Mutationen, die als Ziele geeignet sind. Da die Komplexität der Biomarkertests beim NSCLC zunimmt, besteht ein Bedarf an Leitlinien für den Umgang mit dem im Fluss befindlichen Behandlungsstandard beim NSCLC, für pragmatische molekulare Testbedingungen und für die Optimierung des Ergebnisberichts. Eine multidisziplinäre Expertengruppe mit Vertretern aus der medizinischen Onkologie, der Pathologie und der klinischen Genetik kam über virtuelle Treffen zusammen, um Konsensusempfehlungen für Tests auf neue geeignete Zielmutationen beim NSCLC zu erarbeiten. Die Arbeitsgruppe betonte, wie wichtig es ist, alle potenziellen Zielmutationen genau und rechtzeitig zu testen, um die Behandlung der Krankheit mit gezielten Therapien zu optimieren. Daher empfiehlt das Expertengremium, dass alle möglichen Zielmutationen routinemäßig bei der Diagnose von NSCLC als Teil eines umfassenden Panels getestet werden, wobei Methoden verwendet werden sollten, die alle relevanten mutierten Zielgene erkennen können. Darüber hinaus sollten auf Wunsch des behandelnden Arztes umfassende Biomarkertests durchgeführt werden, wenn sich eine Resistenz gegen eine zielgerichtete Therapie entwickelt. Die multidisziplinäre Expertenarbeitsgruppe gab auch Empfehlungen für die Berichterstattung ab, um die nötige Klarheit und einfache Interpretation der Ergebnisse durch die behandelnden Ärzte zu gewährleisten und der raschen Entwicklung der klinischen Anwendbarkeit dieser Mutationen Rechnung zu tragen. Molekulare Tests auf alle geeigneten Zielmutationen beim NSCLC sind der Schlüssel für die Behandlungsentscheidung und den Zugang zu neuen Therapien. Diese Konsensusempfehlungen sind als Leitfaden für die weitere Optimierung der molekularen Tests auf neue geeignete Zielmutationen gedacht.
“As If There Are Two of Us”: The Battle of Borderline Personality Disorder Diagnosis in Lived Time
Authors: Sterna Anna , Moskalewicz Marcin
Published: November 2022

Background: Although the experience of reception of borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis was previously researched, the process of mental adjustment to this diagnosis remains both empirically and theoretically unexplored. Theoretical concepts describing the structure of lived time in borderline patients, which underlies adjustment to diagnosis, living with the diagnosis, and recovery from the disorder, namely, immediacy and instantaneity are not empirically verified. Aim: This study aimed to phenomenologically describe the process of mental adjustment to the diagnosis of BPD and to uncover its underlying temporal structure. Methods: Semi-structured phenomenological interviews based on Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological psychological method and Cottle’s Circles Test. The participants were 10 white, adult women diagnosed with BPD aged 20–32 years. Results: The process of adjustment to BPD diagnosis comprises three following stages: (1) a cumulative feeling of inadequacy preceding the diagnosis, (2) the outburst of diagnosis, (3) a battle of Self fragments while adjusting to the diagnosis. Simultaneously, the diagnosis modifies the relationship between the self and illness in a way that previously scattered problematic issues become inscribed into the self as symptoms. At the same time, these symptoms are relatively separated from its “healthy” part. The temporal structure underlying this process is discontinuous. Particular temporal dimensions are distanced from one another, and the inner images of the past and present consist of unconnected, emotional peaks. The present resembles waking up from the lethargy of the past, while the future consists of two colliding scenarios – either being free of or in control of symptoms. Conclusion: Clinicians should pay more attention to the pathway of identification with BPD diagnosis and its underlying temporality. This is crucial for recovery and may allow adjusting therapeutic interventions to the patients’ needs. Treatment should aim to enhance the patients’ abilities to reflect upon their temporal experience to merge their fragmented narrative identity and better situate them in the recovery process.
Integration of Cannabis Extract Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol in an Interdisciplinary Therapy Setting: A Case of Chronic Multilocular Pain Disorder
Authors: Romeyke Tobias , Westfal Rudolf
Published: November 2022

Multilocular pain syndromes with advanced chronification lead to a significant reduction in the quality of life of patients. The administration of cannabis is currently being discussed in the context of therapy-resistant pain and increasing opiate abuse. In this case study, possible side effects from the administration of a cannabis extract tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol are examined. Furthermore, the effect on pain intensity and sleep quality is recorded. Due to numerous comorbidities in the patient, interactions with other medications are documented.
Vestibular Schwannoma Presenting as Acute Vertigo Mimicking Vestibular Neuritis
Authors: Park Joon Yong , Kim Chang-Hee
Published: November 2022

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is commonly accompanied by hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness and tends to be chronically progressive in nature. We report a case of VS presenting as left vestibular neuritis (VN) in a previously healthy 57-year-old patient. Right-beating horizontal-torsional spontaneous nystagmus was observed, and the bedside head impulse test revealed a left catch-up saccade. The bithermal caloric test showed left canal paresis, and pure-tone audiometry revealed an average threshold of 22.5 dB bilaterally. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a 0.7-cm enhancing mass in the left internal auditory canal, consistent with VS. The patient was administered with high-dose systemic corticosteroids and vestibular suppressants with antiemetic, which relieved acute vertigo. Although dizziness in VS is chronically progressive in nature, VS may present as an acute vestibular syndrome that mimics VN. VS should be considered a potential cause of acute vestibular syndrome, and thorough neurological examination with MRI may be helpful for accurate diagnosis.
Aortic Regurgitation Requiring Unplanned Surgery following Transcatheter Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect in Children: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Zhang Kaijun , Yang Penghui , Yin Dan , Li Mi , Liang Xiaohua , Lv Tiewei , Zheng Min , Xiang Ping
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Our aim was to investigate the incidence and risk factors for aortic regurgitation (AR) requiring unplanned surgery after transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in children. Methods: Medical records of 876 children with VSD who underwent transcatheter closure from July 2009 to September 2018 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Groups with and without new-onset or increasing AR requiring unplanned surgery were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the possible risk factors. Smoothing plot and threshold effect analysis were carried out to find the relationship between possible factors and risk of new-onset or increasing AR. Results: A total of 29 children (3.3%) underwent unplanned surgery after transcatheter closure owing to new-onset or increasing AR, including 6 children with new-onset AR and 23 children with increasing AR. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that preoperative mild AR (OR: 60.39, 95% CI: 11.53–316.30, p < 0.001), larger ratio between diameter to body surface area (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01–1.55, p = 0.039), intracristal VSD (OR: 34.09, 95% CI: 4.07–285.65, p < 0.001), and shorter distance from the upper edge of defect to the aortic valve (or the sub-aortic rim) (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05–0.27, p < 0.001) were risk factors for new-onset or increasing AR requiring unplanned surgery. And, low risk of AR after muscular VSD transcatheter closure was found. An L-shaped nonlinear relationship between the sub-aortic rim and the risk of new-onset or increasing AR was observed, and the risk of new-onset or increasing AR with the sub-aortic rim up to the turning point (2 mm) (adjusted OR: 0.00, 95% CI: 0.00–0.08; p =0.001). With a median time of 7.3 years’ follow-up, no new-onset or increasing AR has been found for children who initially did not have unplanned surgery. Conclusion: Preoperative mild AR, larger ratio between diameter to body surface area, intracristal VSD, and shorter distance of the sub-aortic rim (especially <2 mm) could increase the risk of new-onset or increasing AR requiring unplanned surgery after transcatheter closure of VSD.
Pharyngeal Residue Severity and Aspiration Risk in Stroke Patient Using Fiber-Optic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing
Authors: Sabry Aliaa , Abou-Elsaad Tamer
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Pharyngeal residue, defined as the material remaining in the pharynx post-swallow, is a sign of swallowing biomechanical impairment and a clinical predictor of aspiration. This study investigates the correlation between pharyngeal residue severity using the Mansoura FEES Residue Rating Scale (MFRRS) and penetration/aspiration scores using the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) on FEES. Methods: Two hundred ten (210) swallows were obtained during standard FEES assessments of thirty patients with poststroke dysphagia. Residue, in both vallecula and the pyriform sinuses’ locations, and penetration/aspiration were scored using MFRRS and PAS, respectively. The Spearman’s rank-order correlation was used to assess the correlation between residue and PAS scores. The significance of the obtained results was judged at the (p < 0.05) level. Results: Significant strong positive correlations were demonstrated between PAS scores and each vallecular residue score (rs = 0.663, p = 0.000) and pyriform residue score (rs = 0.688, p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant strong positive correlation between residue severity and penetration/aspiration in each anatomical site evaluated (valleculae and pyriform sinuses). Our results do not designate one site as riskier than the other because either can contribute to aspiration, but rather demonstrate penetration/aspiration to better correlate with the overall severity of the residue, perhaps as a better marker for pharyngeal inefficiency. This study offers insight into the association of residue severity with swallowing safety and efficiency.
Lp-PLA
2
(Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A
2
) Deficiency Lowers Cholesterol Levels and Protects Against Atherosclerosis in Rabbits
Authors: Chen Jiahuan , Zhang Huanyu , Li Linquan , Zhang Xinwei , Zhao Dazhong , Wang Lingyu , Wang Jiaqi , Yang Ping , Sun Huan , Liu Kun , Chen Weiwei , Li Lin , Lin Feng , Li Zhanjun , Chen Y. Eugene , Zhang Jifeng , Pang Daxin , Ouyang Hongsheng , He Yuquan , Fan Jianglin , Tang Xiaochun
Published: November 2022

Background:

Elevated plasma Lp-PLA
2
(lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A
2
) activity is closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, whether and how Lp-PLA
2
is directly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is still unclear. To examine the hypothesis that Lp-PLA
2
could be a potential preventative target of atherosclerosis, we generated Lp-PLA
2
knockout rabbits and investigated the pathophysiological functions of Lp-PLA
2
.

Methods:

Lp-PLA
2
knockout rabbits were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 system to assess the role of Lp-PLA
2
in plasma lipids regulation and identify its underlying molecular mechanisms. Homozygous knockout rabbits along with wild-type rabbits were fed a cholesterol-rich diet for up to 14 weeks and their atherosclerotic lesions were compared. Moreover, the effects of Lp-PLA
2
deficiency on the key cellular behaviors in atherosclerosis were assessed in vitro.

Results:

When rabbits were fed a standard diet, Lp-PLA
2
deficiency led to a significant reduction in plasma lipids. The decreased protein levels of SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) and HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) in livers of homozygous knockout rabbits indicated that the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway was impaired with Lp-PLA
2
deficiency. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that intracellular Lp-PLA
2
efficiently enhanced SREBP2-related cholesterol biosynthesis signaling independently of INSIGs (insulin-induced genes). When fed a cholesterol-rich diet, homozygous knockout rabbits exhibited consistently lower level of hypercholesterolemia, and their aortic atherosclerosis lesions were significantly reduced by 60.2% compared with those of wild-type rabbits. The lesions of homozygous knockout rabbits were characterized by reduced macrophages and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Macrophages of homozygous knockout rabbits were insensitive to M1 polarization and showed reduced DiI-labeled lipoprotein uptake capacity compared with wild-type macrophages. Lp-PLA
2
deficiency also inhibited the adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells.

Conclusions:

These results demonstrate that Lp-PLA
2
plays a causal role in regulating blood lipid homeostasis and Lp-PLA
2
deficiency protects against dietary cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Lp-PLA
2
could be a potential target for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
AOC: Assembling overlapping communities
Authors: Jakatdar Akhil , Liu Baqiao , Warnow Tandy , Chacko George
Published: November 2022

Through discovery of mesoscale structures, community detection methods contribute to the understanding of complex networks. Many community finding methods, however, rely on disjoint clustering techniques, in which node membership is restricted to one community or cluster. This strict requirement limits the ability to inclusively describe communities because some nodes may reasonably be assigned to multiple communities. We have previously reported Iterative K-core Clustering, a scalable and modular pipeline that discovers disjoint research communities from the scientific literature. We now present Assembling Overlapping Clusters (AOC), a complementary metamethod for overlapping communities, as an option that addresses the disjoint clustering problem. We present findings from the use of AOC on a network of over 13 million nodes that captures recent research in the very rapidly growing field of extracellular vesicles in biology.
Rule of Law Without International Courts
Authors: Bigge David
Published: November 2022

In commenting on the roles of Elihu Root and James Brown Scott in the founding of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ), former International Court of Justice (ICJ) President Abdulqawi Yusuf stated “there can be no [international] rule of law without a court to apply it.” The American Society of International Law (ASIL)’s International Courts and Tribunals Interest Group recently hosted a symposium event to probe this statement. Without rehashing the voluminous scholarship on the international rule of law, this introduction to the symposium will explore specifically whether a court such as the ICJ or the PCIJ is a prerequisite to an international rule of law. The international court system as currently formulated plainly does not meet the requirements for the rule of law as often defined for domestic systems. Unless we are prepared to accept that there is no international rule of law, or only a partial or developing rule of law, this means that there must be an alternative definition of “rule of law” for international relations, which does not consider international courts as a prerequisite to rule of law in all circumstances, and highlights other enforcement mechanisms and arbitration. Accepting this point does not diminish the important role of international courts in the application of international law but does serve to emphasize how other mechanisms fill important rule-of-law gaps left by international courts. Each of the articles that follow this introduction addresses these mechanisms – including administrative bodies, sanctions, investigative mechanisms, and ad hoc arbitration – and how each mechanism interacts with the international court system.
Did Jesus Befriend Sex Workers?
Authors: Le Donne Anthony
Published: November 2022

This article examines the source material that gave rise to the notion that Jesus befriended sex workers. It considers the first and century evidence. It turns then to medieval fiction for the source of this misunderstanding.
A new amphipod species of the bathyal genus Dautzenbergia Chevreux, 1900 (Amphipoda, Calliopioidea, Pontogeneiidae) associated with cold-water corals off Angola
Authors: ZETTLER MICHAEL L. , HENDRYCKS ED A. , FREIWALD ANDRÉ
Published: November 2022

A new species of pontogeneiid amphipod, Dautzenbergia concavipalma sp. nov., is described from cold-water corals off Angola. This is only the second observation of this genus in the South Atlantic. Important morphological characters in combination, which define the new species from its congeners, occur especially in the shape and size of gnathopod 1–2 propodus, the smooth pereopod dactyls, the shape of the basis of pereopod 7 and the telson shape with narrow cleft. The taxon is fully described and figured and is compared with known species of the genus. A key to Dautzenbergia species is also given.
A new species of the ghost shrimp genus Andamancalliax Sakai, 2011 from Iran (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea: Eucalliacidae)
Authors: SEPAHVAND VAHID , TUDGE CHRISTOPHER
Published: November 2022

A new species of eucalliacid ghost shrimp is described from the Gulf of Oman, Iran. Andamancalliax poorei sp. nov. is the first species of the genus described from Iranian subtidal waters and the third species worldwide. Andamancalliax poorei sp. nov. most resembles A. arafura Poore, 2021 from the Arafura Sea but can be differentiated by characters of the minor cheliped, maxilliped 3 and uropodal endopod.
LncRNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 11 (SNHG11) Participates in Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Adrenal Phaeochromocytoma (PC12) Cell Damage in a ceRNA-Dependent Manner
Authors: Du Jinlong , Gu Huiqin , Cai Shan
Published: November 2022

How to prevent cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/R) is critical for treating ischemic stroke. LncRNA SNHG11 can participate in several diseases by competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), but its’ role in CI/R is unclear. Hypoxia/reoxygenation model (H/R group) cells were set and separated into control team; H/R team; H/R+SNHG11 team and H/R+si-SNHG11 team followed by analysis of LncRNA SNHG11 by real-time PCR, LncRNA SNHG11 subcellular distribution by FISH assay, MTT assay for cell proliferation, flow cytometry for apoptosis, ROS and LDH content and PTEN expression by Western blot. In H/R group, SNHG11 level significantly increased and cell proliferation significantly decreased, along with increased cell apoptosis, ROS activity, LDH content and PTEN expression in comparison of control group (P-value less than 0.05); The foregoing variation was promoted further by the H/R group after overexpression of SNHG11 (P-value below 0.05) and reversed after transfection of SNHG1 siRNA (P<0.05). LncRNA SNHG11 is mainly localized on the cell membrane. miR-16 is a SNHG11 targeted miRNA. Transfection of miR-16 mimics into PC12 cells in H/R group can significantly promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, reduce ROS activity, LDH content and PTEN expression versus the H/R group (P-value less than 0.05). SNHG11 level in H/R condition is increased and might target miR-16 to regulate PTEN expression and oxidative stress, leading to apoptosis and damage.
Late Saphenous Vein Graft Disease: Cut to the Chase
Authors: Engin Mesut , Guvenc Orhan , Aydın Ufuk , Ata Yusuf
Published: November 2022

We read with interest the article entitled “The Role of Systemic Immune Inflammation Index for Predicting Saphenous Vein Graft Disease in Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.” We congratulate the authors for their contribution. We would like to discuss some points about the late development of saphenous vein graft disease.
Stochastic modelling of continuous glass-fibre reinforced plastics–considering material uncertainty in microscale simulations
Authors: Vinot Mathieu , Liebold Christian , Usta Tolga , Holzapfel Martin , Toso Nathalie , Voggenreiter Heinz
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a probabilistic micromechanics-based approach to simulate the influence of scatter sources in composite materials as an alternative to deterministic approaches. Focus is given to the effect of microscopic and macroscopic voids, material inhomogeneity induced by manufacturing processes and stochastic fibre patterns on the mechanical properties of continuous glass-fibre reinforced polymer components. Various periodic unit cells of neat resin and embedded fibre clusters are generated with random distributions of the abovementioned scatter sources, while the voids are represented by degrading locally the pristine properties in an element-wise manner. Subsequently, the models are mechanically loaded under transverse tension as an exemplary case and the resulting responses are correlated with the stochastic inputs. In particular, the relative influence of pore size, porosity and fibre/resin interface strength on the transverse tension modulus and strength of unidirectional composites are numerically investigated. The present approach is suggested as a computational efficient but reliable alternative to geometrical representations of imperfection in composite materials.
Engineering nonreciprocal wave dispersion in a nonlocal micropolar metabeam
Authors: Wu Qian , Shivashankar P , Xu Xianchen , Chen Yangyang , Huang Guoliang
Published: November 2022

Active metamaterials with electronic control schemes can exhibit nonreciprocal and/or complex elastic coefficients that result in non-Hermitian wave phenomena. Here, we investigate theoretically and experimentally a non-Hermitian micropolar metabeam with piezoelectric elements and electronic nonlocal feed-forward control. Since the nonlocal feed-forward control breaks spatial reciprocity, the proposed metabeam supports nonreciprocal flexural wave propagation, featuring unidirectional amplification/attenuation and non-Hermitian skin effect. Theoretical homogenization modeling is developed to consider the nonlocal effect into an effective complex bending stiffness. The unidirectional wave amplification/attenuation is attributed to the energy conversion between electrical power and mechanical work. The non-Hermitian skin effect, characterized by a winding number, is the manifestation of the flexural nonreciprocity and admits an extensive number of localized bulk eigenmodes on open boundaries. The nonlocal metabeam is also employed to engineer the anomalous wave dispersion such as tunable roton-like dispersion and band tilting. The nonlocal micropolar metabeam could pave the ways for designing non-Hermitian topological mechanical metamaterials featuring programmable nonreciprocal wave transmission and engineering roton-like wave dispersion relations under ambient environments.