bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A párkapcsolattal való elégedettség időbeli alakulása: lehetséges pályák és befolyásoló tényezők
Authors: Erát Dávid
Published: March 2020

Jelen tanulmány a magyar nők és férfiak párkapcsolattal való elégedettségének időbeli változását, valamint az arra potenciálisan befolyással bíró tényezők hatását vizsgálja. A kutatás csoportalapú pályaelemzést alkalmaz, az Életünk fordulópontjai panelkutatás 1–4. hullámának (2001/2002–2012/2013) felhasználásával. A pályaelemzés során a párkapcsolati minőség időbeli alakulásában mutatkozó, egymástól elkülönülő csoportok azonosíthatók, rámutatva a nemek átlagos trendjei mögötti heterogenitásra. A párkapcsolattal való elégedettség tekintetében a nők esetében egy magas (57%) és egy alacsony (43%) pályával rendelkező csoport, míg a férfiak tekintetében szintén egy magas (54%), valamint egy közepes (46%) pálya azonosítható, ugyanakkor mind a négy csoportra jellemző az elégedettség kezdeti csökkenése. A nők esetében az alacsony csoporthoz tartozást valószínűsítette a szülők válása, az élettársi kapcsolatban élés, a vitás konfliktuskezelési szokások, az anyagi nélkülözés gyakorisága és az egyedüli kenyérkeresői szerep, viszont csökkentette az élve született gyermekek száma, valamint a tradicionális vagy homogám relatív státuszhelyzet a kapcsolatban. A férfiak párkapcsolattal valóelégedettségét a nőkkel egyező irányban határozta meg a szülők válása, a kapcsolat típusa, valamint a konfliktuskezelés módja, ugyanakkor az anyagi helyzethez és a státuszhoz kötődő változók egyike sem volt szignifikáns hatással.
New Insights on the Beneficial Effects of the Probiotic Kefir on Vascular Dysfunction in Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Vasquez Elisardo C. , Aires Rafaela , Ton Alyne M. M. , Amorim Fernanda G.
Published: March 2020

The mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases have been the focus of experimental and clinical studies for decades. The relationship between the gut microbiota and the organs and system tissues represents the research field that has generated the highest number of publications. Homeostasis of the gut microbiota is important to the host because it promotes maturation of the autoimmune system, harmonic integrative functions of the brain, and the normal function of organs related to cardiovascular and metabolic systems. On the other hand, when a gut microbiota dysbiosis occurs, the target organs become vulnerable to the onset or aggravation of complex chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular (e.g., arterial hypertension) and neurodegenerative (e.g., dementia) diseases. In the present brief review, we discuss the main mechanisms involved in those disturbances and the promising beneficial effects that have been revealed using functional food (nutraceuticals), such as the traditional probiotic Kefir. Here, we highlight the current scientific advances, concerns, and limitations about the use of this nutraceutical. The focus of our discussion is the endothelial dysfunction that accompanies hypertension and the neurovascular dysfunction that characterizes ageing-related dementia in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.
A Review on Robust Computational Approaches Based Identification and Authentication of Herbal Raw Drugs
Authors: Singh Preet Amol , Bajwa Neha , Naman Subh , Baldi Ashish
Published: March 2020

Background:

Over the last decade, there has been a sudden rise in the demand for herbal as well as Information and Technology (IT) industry around the world. Identification of plant species has become useful and relevant to all the members of the society including farmers, traders, hikers, etc. Conventional authentication techniques such as morphological characterization, histological methods, and optical microscopy require multiple skills which are tedious, timeconsuming and difficult to learn for non-experts. This creates a hurdle for individuals interested in acquiring knowledge of species. Relying on rapid, economical and computerized approaches to identify and authenticate medicinal plants has become a recent development.

Objective:

The purpose of this review is to summarize artificial intelligence-based technologies for wider dissemination of common plant-based knowledge such as identification and authentication to common people earlier limited to only experts.

Methods:

A robust plant identification design enabling automated plant-organ and feature-based identification utilizing pattern recognition and image processing techniques resulting in image retrieval and recognition has been highlighted in this review for all the concerned stakeholders. Attempts have been made to compare conventional authentication methods with advanced computerized techniques to emphasize the advantages and future applications of an automated identification system in countering adulteration and providing fair trade opportunities to farmers.

Results:

Major findings suggested that microscopical features such as shape and size of calcium oxalate crystals, trichomes, scleriods, stone cells, fibers, etc. are the essential descriptors for identification and authentication of herbal raw drugs using computational approaches.

Conclusion:

This computational design can be successfully employed to address quality issues of medicinal plants. Therefore, computational techniques proved as a milestone in the growth of agriculture and medicinal plant industries.
In Silico and In Vitro Study: COX-2 Inhibition by Ethanol Extract of Dayak Onion Bulb (Eleutherine Americana Merr) as Treatment Innovation of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Sutapa Hendra , Widodo Mochammad Aris , Purnomo Basuki Bambang , Soebadi Doddy M. , Negara Edvin Prawira
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign tumor in males, which is histopathologically known with an increase of epithelial cells and prostatic stroma. Androgens, estrogens, stroma-epithelial interactions, growth factors, and chronic inflammation play a key role in the occurrence of BPH. Chronic inflammation in BPH is characterized by excessive expression of COX-2, which will trigger the expression of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein. Dayak onion (Eleutherine Americana Merr) is a typical Kalimantan plant that is known as the treatment for prostate disease. This plant contains flavonoids which can inhibit the COX-2 enzyme thus causing a reduction in the production of prostaglandin E2.

Methods:

This research was experimental research computationally and in vitro laboratory experimental research to determine COX-2 inhibitory activity by ethanol extracts of Dayak onion.

Result and Discussion:

In in silico flavonoid, it was strongly related to COX-2 receptor on the active side of TYR371. Thus, it had the potential to inhibit COX-2. COX-2 inhibitor would cause BCL-2 to be inactive so that apoptosis occurr in BPH. In the in vitro research using human whole blood assay, the Dayak Onion bulb ethanol extract had IC50 COX-2 of 40.57 ng/ml and IC50 COX-1 of 364.89 ng/ml. Therefore, the ratio of IC50 COX-2 to IC50 COX-1 was 0.11.

Conclusion:

Ethanol extract of Dayak onion bulb has an inhibitory activity against COX-2. Thus, it has a potential of being an innovation for BPH treatment. Patient Summary: A healthy male, age 25-35 years old (history taking, physical and laboratory examination), and not using NSAIDs for the past 2 weeks.
Performance Evaluation of Fiber Wireless (FiWi) Access Network Using Position Optimization of ONUs
Authors: Chouhan Nitin , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Upadhyay Raksha
Published: March 2020

Aims:

Optimize position of ONUs using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) to make
cost-effective FiWi network.

Background:

Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) is a network which provides higher bandwidth and better stability
at lower cost to the users. The placement of network components (such as ONU) in FiWi is of
utmost importance since it comes under the network planning. ONU placement mainly focuses on
this thing that how efficiently ONUs are placed so that with fewer number of ONUs all the routers
get interconnected.

Objective:

Optimize position of ONUs using WOA algorithm such that, with minimum ONUs all
routers can connects with satisfactory network performance.

Methods:

Extensive simulation is carried out to implement proposed work. A simulation model and
code is developed in MATLAB to get the results for existing and proposed algorithms for varying
number of variables such as number of ONUs, wireless routers, grid sizes etc.

Conclusion:

The present work optimizes the location of ONUs using encircling prey mechanism and
spiral update mechanism of WOA. Results show that proposed work gives best result in terms of
minimum number of ONUs in the network with almost comparable PDR and TTDPN with that of
deterministic.
An evaluation model of 2019-nCoV prevention effectiveness based on immigration data in China (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Qiangsheng
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

As of the end of February 2020, 2019-nCoV is currently well controlled in China. However, the virus is now spreading globally.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control measures in a region.

METHODS

A model is built for find the best fit for two sets of data (the number of daily new diagnosed, and the risk value of incoming immigration population). The parameters (offset and time window) in the model can be used as the evaluation of effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control.

RESULTS

Through study, it is found that the parameter offset and time window in the model can accurately reflect the prevention effectiveness. Some related data and public news confirm this result. And this method has advantages over the method using R0 in two aspects.

CONCLUSIONS

If the epidemic situation is well controlled, the virus is not terrible. Now the daily new diagnosed patients in most regions of China is quickly reduced to zero or close to zero. Chinese can do a good job in the face of huge epidemic pressure. Therefore, if other countries can do well in prevention and control, the epidemic in those places can also pass quickly.
eSalud en servicios de salud públicos en México: estudio de caso
Authors: Díaz de León Castañeda Christian , Góngora Ortega Javier
Published: March 2020

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de explorar el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (componentes de eSalud) en servicios de salud públicos de México, así como indagar sobre los facilitadores y barreras para su implementación. Se realizó un estudio de caso en el Instituto de Servicios de Salud del Estado de Aguascalientes utilizando un abordaje mixto de tipo concurrente y de predominancia cualitativa que incluyó observación no participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y un cuestionario dirigido al personal médico. A través del estudio, se identifican diversas oportunidades de mejora en cuanto al acceso y desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación; también se identifican diversas barreras para su implementación factibles de superarse. En cuanto a las limitaciones del estudio, se reconoce la exploración de perspectivas sólo desde la oferta de servicios. En lo que respecta a la originalidad, destaca la investigación integral de diferentes componentes de eSalud. Se concluye que es necesario fortalecer las políticas de las tecnologías de información y comunicación dirigidas al sector salud con el fin de optimizar su desarrollo e implementación.
La superficie pulida
Authors: Mercado Tununa
Published: March 2020

La superficie pulida
Nadine D'Orange
Authors: Duras Marguerite
Published: March 2020

Nadine D'Orange
El derecho a decidir
Authors: Beltrán Aragón Leticia Murúa
Published: March 2020

El derecho a decidir
Feminismo y teoría del discurso: razones para un debate
Authors: Colaizzi Giulia
Published: March 2020

Feminismo y teoría del discurso: razones para un debate
El dinero: de lo real a lo simbólico
Authors: Parada-Ampudia Lorenia
Published: March 2020

El dinero: de lo real a lo simbólico
In memoriam Francisco Estrada Valle
Authors: Monsiváis Carlos
Published: March 2020

In memoriam Francisco Estrada Valle
Realization of Information System for Calculating Heat Emission Intensity During Fires
Authors: Telegina M. V. , Yannikov I. M.
Published: March 2020

В настоящее время качественная подготовка специалистов невозможна без современного учебно-методического обеспечения. При этом информатизация играет первоочередную роль в процессе формирования у обучающихся необходимых компетенций. Наличие обучающих программ и программ-тренажеров позволяет лучше освоить расчетно-практический материал, предусмотренный учебными планами. В статье рассмотрены существующие системы расчетов пожарных рисков, применяемые в сфере подготовки и обучения по вопросам пожарной и техносферной безопасности. Показано, что указанные программы отличаются излишней функциональностью и высокой стоимостью. В связи с чем для применения в указанных сферах предлагается система автоматизированного расчета интенсивности теплового излучения при пожарах, связанных с разливом легковоспламеняющихся и горючих жидкостей. Разработанная система имеет функции регистрации и авторизации, хранения и изменения справочных данных расчетов; расчета интенсивности теплового излучения и построения графика интенсивности теплового потока от одного из параметров решаемой задачи и позволяет изучить предметную область расчетов интенсивности теплового излучения, выбрать вариант задачи, выполнить автоматизированный расчет интенсивности теплового излучения для различных параметров пожара.Разработанная система может использоваться студентами специальности «Техносферная безопасность» при изучении дисциплин, связанных с безопасностью в ЧС и управлением рисками, а также будет интересна специалистам в области техносферной безопасности.
The Model of Data Aggregation from Clustered Devices in the Internet of Things
Authors: Faizullin R. V. , Hering S.
Published: March 2020

Современные производственные системы могут включать множество элементов и связей между ними. Для эффективной работы системы необходимо оперативно собирать и обрабатывать информацию ее элементов. Целью статьи стало описание модели сбора данных с устройств интернета вещей на основе кластеризации. Количество устройств влияет на сложность организации работы системы. В основе схемы сбора данных должна быть выработана стратегия формирования маршрутов передачи информации. В статье описана возможность использования мобильных агентов для сбора данных. Оптимизация маршрутов агентов между узлами интернета вещей сводится к построению гамильтонова цикла (замкнутого со стартом в конкретной точке) с минимальными затратами на его прохождение (время, расстояние или др.). Для упрощения задачи предложено кластеризовать узлы внутри системы. В случае необходимости оптимизации маршрутов мобильных агентов определена функция, в которой учтены такие параметры, как расстояния между узлами системы, важность собираемой информации, энергия узлов и т. п., при этом за счет коэффициентов уравнения, которые задаются экспертно, можно влиять на процесс планирования маршрута для мобильных агентов в системах интернета вещей с учетом необходимого баланса между показателями производительности системы. Предложенная формулировка задачи позволяет использовать марковский процесс принятия решений для ее решения.
Shooting Simulator «Inhibitor»: Format of Files of Educational Exercises Scenarios
Authors: Egorov S. F. , Korobeynikova I. V.
Published: March 2020

Цикл статей подробно описывает программное обеспечение тактического тренажера оптико-электронного для стрелкового оружия «Ингибитор», разработанного в Институте механики УдмФИЦ УрО РАН и на кафедре «Вычислительная техника» ИжГТУ имени М. Т. Калашникова совместно с ОАО «Концерн «Ижмаш».Приводится тактико-техническое задание на функциональные возможности сценариев учебных упражнений из Курса стрельб с поддержкой замены мишеней в горных условиях развертывания тренажера, особое внимание уделяется ночным условиям тренировок с изменением поведения мишеней, с имитацией подсветки местности осветительной ракетой и демаскирующим ответным огнем мишеней. При отображении мишеней должны поддерживаться несколько вариантов дальности (ближний предел, средний и дальний) и неповторяемость их появления по фронту, в том числе отработка времени года, суток  и сложного поведения целей (приседание, залегание, уклонение от близких промахов и т. п.). Нужна база упражнений и мишеней из Курса стрельб по стрелковому вооружению.Необходимо было разработать формат файлов для хранения сценариев упражнений с гибким количеством обучаемых (1...8) и независимыми индивидуальными тренировками на своих стрелковых директрисах или всех вместе на общем сценарии (например, по действию отделения в обороне).Сделан вывод о перспективности дальнейших исследований и разработке электронных стрелковых тренажеров благодаря совершенствованию и удешевлению элементной базы и развитию программных библиотек с целью повышения точности тренажеров, расширения функциональных возможностей и снижения себестоимости и, значит, повышения конкурентоспособности.
Eğirdir Gölü’nde Kullanılan Fanyalı Uzatma Ağlarının Av Verimliliklerinin ve Gümüşi Havuz Balığının, Carassius gibelio (Bloch,1782) Bazı Biyolojik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması
Authors: Korkmaz Bayram , Kuşat Mete
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışma 100, 110 ve 120 mm göz açıklığına sahip monofilament ve multifilament yapıda fanyalı uzatma ağlarının av verimliliklerinin karşılaştırılması ve gümüşi havuz balığı Carassius gibelio’ya ait bazı biyolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi amacıyla Nisan-Mayıs 2013 döneminde Eğirdir Gölü’nde yürütülmüştür. Araştırma süresince avlanan gümüşi havuz balıklarının sayıca % 65,09’u monofilament ve % 34,91’i ise multifilament fanyalı ağ grubunda yakalanmıştır. Ağırlıkça dağılımda da yine toplam avın % 64,69’unun monofilament ve % 35,31’inin multifilament fanyalı ağ grubunda ağlarla yakalandığı tespit edilmiştir. Monofilament ve multifilament ağ grupları için CPUE değerleri sırasıyla 60,21 ve 32,87 g/m/operasyon olarak hesaplanmıştır. Avlanan 495 adet Carassius gibelio’nun toplam boyları 20,5-35,2 cm ve ağırlıkları ise 205-1219 g aralığında değişmekle birlikte, bunların % 74,13’ünün dişi ve % 25,87’sinin erkek bireylerden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Dişi: Erkek oranı ise 2,87:1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Carassius gibelio’ya ait toplam boy-çatal boy ilişkisi, boy-ağırlık ilişkisi ve ortalama kondisyon faktörü sırasıyla FL=-0,449+0,945TL; W=0,0141FL3,1744 (r2=0,86) ve KF=2,503±0,011 olarak bulunmuştur.
Antalya, Isparta ve Afyonkarahisar İllerinde Bulunan Su Ürünleri İşleme Tesislerinin Güncel Durumu
Authors: Erkeç Hüseyin , Bilgin Şengül
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada Göller Bölgesi’nin su ürünleri üretiminde lider konumda olan Antalya, Isparta ve Afyonkarahisar’da faaliyet gösteren toplam 13 su ürünleri işleme tesisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma için önceden belirlenen soruların bulunduğu anket formu hazırlanmıştır. Ankette işletmelerin kuruluş tarihleri, kuruluş yerleri, kurulu kapasiteleri, personel durumu, hijyen durumu, iş güvenliği durumu, uluslararası almış oldukları kalite belgeleri, hammadde temin şekilleri, işleme yöntemleri, üretim ve ihracat durumu ve işleme tesislerinin karşılaşmış oldukları problemler ile ilgili bilgilere yer verilmiştir.Anket sonuçlarına göre genel olarak işleme tesislerinin Isparta ve Afyonkarahisar’da eşit şekilde dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Antalya’da 5, Isparta ve Afyonkarahisar’da 4’er tesis yerinde ziyaret edilerek anket formları doldurulmuştur. Tesislerde bayan işçiler daha çok olmak üzere daimi işçiler çalışmaktadır. Sorumlu yöneticilerin çoğunu su ürünleri mühendisleri oluşturmaktadır. Tesislerin tümünde HACCP uygulanmakta olup hijyen eğitimini almış, iş güvenliği eğitiminden geçmiş personel çalışmaktadır. Tesislerde iş güvenliği şirketleriyle anlaşmalı iş güvenliği uzmanı bulunmaktadır. Hammadde temininin hem yerli hem de yabancı üreticilerden karşılandığı tespit edilmiştir. Genellikle tüm tesislerin ihracat yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. En çok karşılaşılan problemler kalifiye elaman bulmaktaki güçlükler ve hammadde sıkıntısı olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Koi balığı (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) Yetiştiriciliğinde Argulus japonicus (Thiele, 1900) Enfestasyonu
Authors: Koyuncu Cafer
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışma, Nisan-Haziran 2018 tarihlerinde Mersin İlindeki bir akvaryum işletmesinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan Koi balıklarında (Cyprinus carpio) görülen ani ölümlerin sebebini ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır. Balıkların deri, yüzgeç ve solungaç dokularından alınan parazitlerin ölümlere neden olan Argulus japonicus (Brancihura: Arguludae) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen 200 adet balıkta, enfestasyon oranının %33 olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca parazitin morfolojik özellikleri ve balıklarda oluşturduğu semptomlar incelenmiştir.
The Effects of Formaldehyde, Hydrogen Peroxide and Trichlorphon Applications on Some Hematological Stress Indicators in Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Şahan Aysel
Published: March 2020

In this study, the toxic effects of therapeutic doses of formaldehyde (37%), hydrogen peroxide (35%) and trichlorfon (Neguvon), which are commonly used for both prophylactic and treatment purposes in ectoparasites in mirror carp (C. carpio), were evaluated in terms of hematological stress indicators. Accordingly, 180 fish (51.13 ± 8.18 g) were kept in eighteen tanks with a volume of 70 L under freshwater conditions at 22±1oC. The study was designed as three different trials and each trial group was compared with its own control group. Formalin administration was performed for five days, as 150 ppm/30 min/day, while hydrogen peroxide administration was performed for two days as 1000 ppm/20 min/day and Trichlorophone administration, was performed for two days as 150 ppm/30 min/day. At the end of the trials, blood and serum samples collected from fish were evaluated in terms of erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) values, erythrocyte cell indices (MCV, MCH), cell sizes, leukocyte cell types (lymphocytes, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil), and glucose and cortisol levels. RBC, Hb, Hct and erythrocyte indices significantly decreased in all three experimental groups compared to those of the control group of each trial group (p <0.05). In addition, percentile values of lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil cells, WBC levels, and serum glucose and cortisol levels significantly increased compared to those of the controls. (p<0.05). On the other hand, significant increases were determined in the blood cell sizes of the fish in the experimental groups. In the study, it has been reported that the chemotherapeutics in mirror carp caused significant differences in the blood parameters of the stress indicator and that the therapeutics used in the study could be considered as a source of stress in terms of dose and time.
Mustafakemalpaşa Çayı’nın (Bursa) Su Kalitesinin Faktör Analizi Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Dalkıran Nurhayat , Karacaoğlu Didem , Taş Mestik Dilara , Karabayırlı Güllü , Atak Sevil , Arda Koşucu Tuğçe Necmiye , Coşkun Firuze , Akay Enis
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada Mustafakemalpaşa Çayı’nda belirlenen iki örnekleme noktasından Ekim 2016 - Eylül 2017 tarihleri arasında aylık olarak alınan su örneklerinde bazı fizikokimyasal ve ağır metal analizi sonuçları akarsuyun su kalitesini belirlemek için değerlendirilmiştir. Veri setine Ana Bileşenler Analizi/Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi uygulanmış ve toplam varyansın % 76,426’sını açıklayan üç faktör yükü belirlenmiştir. Faktör I’de bikarbonat, bor, arsenik, antimon, sodyum ve kalsiyumun kuvvetli pozitif faktör yükü oluşturduğu ve toplam varyansın % 28,76’sını açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Faktör II toplam varyansın % 25,999’unu açıklamış, bu faktörde alüminyum, demir ve toplam azot kuvvetli negatif, magnezyum ve sülfat ise pozitif faktör yükü oluşturmuştur. Faktör III’te çözünmüş oksijen negatif, florür, fosfat fosforu ve silis ise pozitif faktör yükü oluşturmuştur. Bu faktör toplam varyansın % 21,667’sini kapsamıştır. Her üç faktör yükünün havzanın madencilik faaliyetleri ve jeolojik yapısını yansıttığı, daha az oranda ise havzada yapılan tarımsal faaliyetlerin baskı unsuru oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ölçülen fizikokimyasal değişkenlerin ve bazı ağır metal analizlerinin yıllık ortalamaları ulusal yönetmeliklerdeki standart değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Mustafakemalpaşa Çayı’nda ölçülen bazı ağır metallerin (bor, arsenik, cıva, krom, nikel, alüminyum ve demir) Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’ne göre yıllık ortalama çevresel kalite standardı ve/veya maksimum çevresel kalite standardının üstünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Nitrat azotu hariç tüm besin tuzlarının ise II. ya da III. sınıf su kalitesini yansıttığı, toplam fosfor derişimi açısından akarsuyun ötrofik karakterde, toplam azot miktarı açısından ise akarsuyun mezotrofik ila ötrofik karakter arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mustafakemalpaşa Çayı bulunduğu bölgede tarım arazilerinin sulanması için çok önemli bir su kaynağı olduğu için sulama suyu kriterleri açısından da su kalitesi araştırılmış ve akarsuyun sulama suyu kalitesinin yüksek bor derişimi dışında iyi kalitede olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak Mustafakemalpaşa Çayı’nda tespit edilen yüksek bor derişiminin bora yüksek tolerans gösteren bitkiler için belirlenen sınır değerin iki kat üstünde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The Perceived Destination Identity of Stakeholders: a Case of Chang Island
Authors: Preechawong Panita , Sawagvudcharee Ousanee
Published: March 2020

The tourism industry in Thailand is a significant economic activity due to the large and increasing number of tourists, facilities, accommodation and revenue. It is likely to increase its contribution to the GDP from its already significant role of more than 10%. Additionally, the tourism industry career opportunities and helps spread prosperity throughout the kingdom. Chang Island is no exception. Tourism on Chang Island is arguably the most important revenue-generating sector because of the income and job creation. Much of the competition in tourism focuses on touristsâ€™ ability to recognize and remember a particular destination as being unique. Because of this, the development and use of a strong destination identity is critical when making strategic marketing plans. Many tourists will select their holiday destination from their memory of, or recognition of a destination identity. That is why the message behind a destination identity should be a topic to highlight. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the real-life perception of Chang Islandâ€™s destination identity by its sender stakeholders. This will help the researcher identify key issues that allow for the development of a suitable guideline for review and possible revision of the islandâ€™s destination identity. A qualitative analysis of data collected in this study provides a grounded theory, to support the perception of the sender side of Chang Islandâ€™s stakeholders.
Vocational Education and Training in Rural Zimbabwe: Attitudes and Opinions of Students, Teachers and Education Inspectors: The Case of Murewa District
Authors: Katsande Tapiwa Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

The 2008 global economic crisis has seen young peopleâ€™s career and employment prospects dwindle, particularly for those based in rural areas. Governments in both industrialised and developing countries are considering vocational education reform to meet nationsâ€™ employment and economic needs. Despite renewed interest in VET, the sentiments of students and teachers remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the views and attitudes of students, teachers and education inspectors towards VET in rural Zimbabwe. The findings revealed divergent views. It emerged that most students did not necessarily have negative views of VET, but they were put off by the low status, lack of choice and the lacklustre delivery of VET. Teachers and students alike were sceptical about the role of VET in securing employment. This study will contribute to the on-going review of Zimbabweâ€™s education system and will inform school managers and policy makers on curriculum development and culture change in rural communities and schools.
Analyst Forecasts and Target Setting in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts
Authors: Choi Sunhwa , Kim Sunyoung , Kwon Sewon , Shin Jae Yong
Published: March 2020

Whereas practitioners often recommend that firms incorporate forward-looking information in setting executive performance targets, academic studies have mainly focused on past information (e.g., past performance) as information sources. Using analysts' annual earnings forecasts as the main proxy for market-based forward-looking information, we find evidence that boards of S&P 1500 firms exploit forward-looking information in setting targets for executive annual bonus contracts. Furthermore, we find that the positive association between analyst forecasts and firms' bonus target revisions is more pronounced when forecasts are more informative about future firm performance and when they are less likely to be influenced by managers. Our results are robust to a battery of sensitivity tests.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources indicated in the text.
Initial Glycemic Control and Care Among Younger Adults Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gopalan Anjali , Mishra Pranita , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Blatchins Maruta A. , Kim Eileen , Man Alan , Karter Andrew J. , Grant Richard W.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing among adults under age 45. Onset of type 2 diabetes at a younger age increases an individual’s risk for diabetes-related complications. Given the lasting benefits conferred by early glycemic control, we compared glycemic control and initial care between adults with younger onset (21–44 years) and mid-age onset (45–64 years) of type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using data from a large, integrated health care system, we identified 32,137 adults (aged 21–64 years) with incident diabetes (first HbA1c ≥6.5% [≥48 mmol/mol]). We excluded anyone with evidence of prior type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, or type 1 diabetes. We used generalized linear mixed models, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, to examine differences in glycemic control and care at 1 year.

RESULTS

Of identified individuals, 26.4% had younger-onset and 73.6% had mid-age–onset type 2 diabetes. Adults with younger onset had higher initial mean HbA1c values (8.9% [74 mmol/mol]) than adults with onset in mid-age (8.4% [68 mmol/mol]) (P < 0.0001) and lower odds of achieving an HbA1c <7% (<53 mmol/mol) 1 year after the diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.70 [95% CI 0.66–0.74]), even after accounting for HbA1c at diagnosis. Adults with younger onset had lower odds of in-person primary care contact (aOR 0.82 [95% CI 0.76–0.89]) than those with onset during mid-age, but they did not differ in telephone contact (1.05 [0.99–1.10]). Adults with younger onset had higher odds of starting metformin (aOR 1.20 [95% CI 1.12–1.29]) but lower odds of adhering to that medication (0.74 [0.69–0.80]).

CONCLUSIONS

Adults with onset of type 2 diabetes at a younger age were less likely to achieve glycemic control at 1 year following diagnosis, suggesting the need for tailored care approaches to improve outcomes for this high-risk patient population.
Position sensing of ultrashort pulsed laser-welded seams in glass by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Hecker Sebastian , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas
Published: March 2020

Today's methods for the inspection of the position of weld seams in glass, which has a decisive effect on the strength and thus on the quality of the permanent bond, are costly and often carried out manually in a destructive manner. The present paper proposes the application of optical coherence tomography to determine the position of the weld seam by evaluation of the signals caused by the voids within weld seams. Blind welds of fused silica and alkali-aluminosilicate glass were investigated, and a method for data evaluation is presented. The method is predominantly suitable for glass that exhibits the formation of distinct voids during welding and provides an approach for online monitoring and control of glass welding processes.
God praxis inom utvärdering av forskare. Nationell rekommendation för ansvarsfull utvärdering
Authors: Vastuullisen tutkijanarvioinnin työryhmä
Published: March 2020

Detta är en rekommendation för ansvarsfull utvärdering av forskare.  Rekommendationen har utarbetats för utvärdering av enskilda forskare. Samma principer bör också följas vid utvärderingen av forskningsorganisationer, forskningsenheter och forskning i ett större sammanhang.
Rekommendationen rekommenderas att användas tillsammans med Forskningsetiska delegationens modell till meritförteckning för forskare.
Linguistic Deviation in Literary Style
Authors: Mansoor Mohammad S. , Salman Yusra M.
Published: March 2020

This paper is an attempt to shed light on linguistic deviation in literary style. Literary language, with its three main genres; poetry, drama and prose, is a situational variety of English that has specific features which belong to the literary and elevated language of the past. Literary language has been assigned a special status since antiquity, and is still used nowadays by some speakers and writers in certain situations and contexts. It has been considered as sublime and distinctive from all other types of language; one which is deviant from ordinary use of language in that it breaks the common norms or standards of language. A basic characteristic of literary style is linguistic deviation which occurs at different levels; lexical, semantic, syntactic, phonological, morphological, graphological, historical, dialectal and register. All these types of deviations are thoroughly investigated and stylistically analyzed in this paper so as to acquaint readers, students of English, researchers, and those interested in the field, with this type of linguistic phenomenon whose data is based on selected samples from major classical works in English literature
Análise estatística da variabilidade de parâmetros de resistência ao cisalhamento de aterros sanitários
Authors: Norberto Alison de Souza , Corrêa Christiane Lyra , Mariano Maria Odete Holanda , Jucá José Fernando Thomé
Published: March 2020

O conhecimento dos parâmetros geotécnicos dos resíduos sólidos urbanos influência de modo direto no projeto de um aterro sanitário. Os parâmetros de resistência ao cisalhamento: peso específico, ângulo de atrito e coesão, condicionam os aspectos comportamentais da estabilidade de talude dos aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos. A estabilidade de um aterro depende da resistência de seus elementos, que possuem as mais diversas características, estando os resíduos sujeitos ao processo de biodegradabilidade, que por sua vez causa uma variação temporal dos seus parâmetros. Compreender a variabilidade destes parâmetros, tendo em vista a importância dos mesmos, é essencial para os profissionais da engenharia e meio ambiente, o que planejam, projetam, controlam e monitoram tais estruturas. Trazer análises estatísticas das tendências destes parâmetros é uma ferramenta de relevante usabilidade para estimativas de projetos e análises do comportamento mecânico do aterro. Com esse panorama, o presente trabalho analisou estatisticamente a variação dos parâmetros peso específico, coesão e ângulo de atrito, por meio de compilação bibliográfica. Os resultados mostram altos valores de dispersão para os parâmetros de coesão e ângulo de atrito, com valores de desvio padrão de 13,56 e 9,46 respectivamente.
WEEDS IN POTATO CULTURE AND THEIR OUTCOME IN SPREADING OF Alternaria spp.
Authors: Kurzawińska Halina , Mazur Stanisław , Nadziakiewicz Małgorzata , Nawrocki Jacek
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to determine whether the weeds accompanying potato crops can be a source of Alternaria spp. causing Alternaria leaf blight and to determine the genetic similarities of Alternaria alternata isolates infecting selected weeds: Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense and tested potato cultivar. Three-year field experiment was conducted on the potato cultivar ‘Vineta N’. The isolates were classified into different species on the basis of macro- and microscopic features. In each year of the study, A. alternata dominated among the isolated fungi colonizing the leaves of potato plants and the selected weeds. The genetic similarities of A. alternata isolates was determined by the RAPD-PCR method. Tested genetic forms of A. alternata were closely related; only small differences in the pattern of the separated amplification products was evidenced. The dominance of A. alternata on the weeds accompanying potato crops suggests that if weed infestation is extensive, the pathogen is very likely to spread and its population to increase.
THE ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM SPECIES AND INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS OF THE Mentha GENUS AGAINST SELECTED PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
Authors: Schollenberger Małgorzata , Staniek Tomasz M. , Paduch-Cichal Elżbieta , Dasiewicz Beata , Gadomska-Gajadhur Agnieszka , Mirzwa-Mróz Ewa
Published: March 2020

Plant essential oils of six aromatic herb species and interspecies hybrids of the family Lamiaceae – chocolate mint (Mentha piperita × ‘Chocolate’), pineapple mint (Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’), apple mint (Mentha × rotundifolia), spearmint (Mentha spicata), orange mint (Mentha × piperita ‘Granada’) and strawberry mint (Mentha × villosa ‘Strawberry’) – were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on agar plates filled with the target organism. All essential oils screened exhibited a higher level of antibacterial activity against A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina than streptomycin used as a standard in all tests. The antimicrobial effect of streptomycin and five mint oils was at the same level for P. syringae pv. syringae. There were no significant differences in the influence of the chocolate mint oil on the growth inhibition of all bacteria tested. Plant essential oils from pineapple mint, apple mint, spearmint and strawberry mint showed the weakest antimicrobial activity against P. syringae pv. syringae and the strongest towards A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina. The essential oils from strawberry mint, pineapple mint, spearmint and apple mint had the strongest effect on A. tumefaciens, and the lowest inhibitory activity was exhibited by the chocolate mint and orange mint essential oils. X. arboricola pv. corylina was the most sensitive to the strawberry mint, pineapple mint and spearmint oils. The chocolate mint oil showed the greatest activity against P. syringae pv. syringae.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Postia puberula, AN ENDEMIC SPECIES FROM IRAN
Authors: Hemmati Hassan Gavyar Parvaneh , Amiri Hamzeh
Published: March 2020

Essential oils from the leaves, stems and flowers of Postia puberula at the flowering stage were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. The results showed that leaves are abundant of cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (10.75%), benzyl benzoate (8.16%) and caryophyllene oxide (8.12%). The main compounds of stems were benzyl benzoate (21.92%), E-nuciferol (11.58%) and dibutyl phthalate (7.08%), while major components of flowers were benzyl benzoate (9.99%), caryophyllene oxide (8.14%) and E-nuciferol (8.13%). The antioxidant activities of methanol extract were evaluated by DPPH and β-carotene/linoleic acid assays. The results showed that in both methods, leaves had stronger antioxidant activity than other organs.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CROP ROTATIONS ON WEED INFESTATION AND YIELD OF SILAGE MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AND MUSKMELON (Cucumis melo L.) IN ORGANIC CULTIVATION
Authors: Kaçan Koray
Published: March 2020

In our study, we investigated how crop rotation of a spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) products affected the weed density and coverage area in organic crop production. The weed coverage areas and densities (weeds m–2) of summer crops produced in rotation with winter crops were compared with those of control plots in the experimental area. As a result of this comparison, the most effective winter crops for reducing weed density in silage maize were found to be broccoli (50.4%), barley + vetch (48.3%) and faba bean (45.3%). When the effect of winter crops on weeds in terms of muskmelon production was examined, barley + vetch (53.2%), broccoli (36.1%) and faba bean (33.4%) were found to reduce the density of weeds. In contrast, the application of barley + vetch (67.0%), faba bean (65.3) and broccoli (62.0%) was the most effective applications for the muskmelon product in terms of weed coverage area; spinach (24.7%) and constantly weedless (16.8%) applications were less effective. When the silage maize and muskmelon yield results were examined, it was determined that yield differences were statistically significant. It was also determined that the highest yield was obtained from the barley + vetch rotations. This application effectiveness was followed by that of the faba bean, constantly weedless, broccoli and spinach applications.

Novelty statement. Recently, non-chemical applications have been considered for weed control due to growing concerns about herbicide resistance and chemical residues in the environment. Moreover, organic crop systems are gradually developing. One of the options for weed control in organic farming is crop rotation. In this study, we found that crop rotations controlled weeds effectively in organic farming.
The effects of Rhodiola Rosea supplementation on depression, anxiety and mood – A Systematic Review
Authors: Konstantinos Fanaras , Heun Reinhard
Published: March 2020

Objectives

Rhodiola rosea is an adaptogen herb from the Crassulaceae family, which has been vastly used in the Russian and Chinese medicine. The herb is used against depression, anxiety, mental and physical fatigue and to promote overall health. In this systematic review, we examined the effects of R. rosea on depression, anxiety and mood, as these are the most relevant to mental health.

Methods

Literature searches were made in PubMed using the term ‘Rhodiola rosea’. Inclusion criteria were: Randomized controlled trials using interventions of R. rosea on any type of participants, while focusing on the effects of the intervention on depression, anxiety or mood. Mixed interventions of R. rosea with other herbs were excluded. Studies not published in English or Greek were excluded.

Results

A total of 39 randomized controlled trials were identified and their abstract was screened. After screening, a total of 17 papers were excluded because they were focusing on irrelevant outcomes. The full text of the remaining 22 papers was read and an additional 17 papers were excluded. These papers were excluded because they were eventually not focusing on our main outcome or they were using R. rosea interventions with other herbs. In the end, a total of 5 papers (n = 327 participants) were found eligible for our systematic review. In these studies, R. rosea seems to improve the symptoms of mild to moderate depression, symptoms of mild anxiety and to enhance mood. The last date of our search was October 13, 2019.

Conclusion

Rhodiola rosea supplementation may alleviate symptoms of mild to moderate depression and mild anxiety, while it may also enhance mood. The findings of our review are not definite due to the lack of available experimental data. Randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias are needed to further study the herb.
New Medical Studies, Same Old Politics: The Effects of Anti-Black Racism on Penetrative Trauma Research
Authors: Fast Jina
Published: March 2020

The effects of medical racism on health outcomes of Black people in the U.S. are well recorded in prominent medical journals and governmental study data. Despite this documentation, there has yet to be broad structural change addressing the multiple oppressive systems intersecting to create adverse outcomes for Black people. Consequently, trust in medicine and medical practitioners continues to be low, which impacts the relationship between Black people and dominant institutions of medicine, including medical research. In this paper, I analyze the ethics of a forthcoming study on penetrative wound treatment from Temple University Hospital in Philadelphia. Using Franz Fanon’s analysis of medicine as a form of colonial practice and Dorothy Roberts’ analysis of the biological reduction of social inequities to problems of Black people themselves, I argue that the Philadelphia Immediate Transport in Penetrating Trauma Trial, or PIPT study 1) fails to meet the ethical requirement of treating study participants as human beings; 2) fails to engage with deep, structural inequities that produce higher rates of gun violence in communities from which study participants will be drawn; and 3) functions to reinforce stereotypes of Black men as violent and as thus to blame for the violence they face individually and at a community level. Without addressing the intersectional, structural, and interpersonal forms of oppression framing studies like the PIPT, I contend that medical researchers, medical practitioners, and policy makers cannot fully appreciate the extent to which race and anti-Black racism function to prevent the health and well-being of Black people.
"Everyday Racism," "White Innocence," and Postcolonial Society: A Deeper Look into the Dutch Cultural Archive
Authors: Dikmans Bas
Published: March 2020

This paper explores Dutch postcolonial society through looking at it from the lens of critical race studies. In particular, this paper highlights the complex societal debate surrounding race, skin colour, and ethnicity in the Netherlands through examining the voices of Dutch individuals who come from an immigrant background and who are writing critically about these issues. Through looking at Surinamese-Dutch anthropologist Gloria Wekker’s “white innocence” and Surinamese-Dutch critical scholar Philomena Essed’s “everyday racism,” this paper explains how colonial discourses of racial thinking still substantially influence Dutch society today. I then employ these concepts to examine the nonfiction writings of the Russian-Cameroonian-Dutch author Anousha Nzume’s Hallo Witte Mensen[1](2017)and the Turkish-Dutch Zihni Özdil’s Nederland mijn Vaderland[2](2015) as two texts that critically engage in, within the realm of popular culture, contemporary discussions about the position of race and the way it is ingrained in the dominant conception of Dutch national identity. In doing so, I provide insight into how “new” migrant-descent voices within the realm of Dutch popular media are actively challenging hegemonic ideas about race and racism.

 

[1]English translation: Hello White People.

[2]English translation: The Netherlands, my Motherland.
I didn’t do that! Contested Definitions of Racialized Immigrant Youth in the Extra-Judicial Sanctions Program: Uncovering Hidden Voices.
Authors: Bailey Monetta
Published: March 2020

The social organization of knowledge focuses on how knowledge is created, enacted and shared by individuals in order to coordinate people’s actions. Using the frameworks of Institutional Ethnography (IE) and Critical Race Theory (CRT), this paper will look at the process of hearing the cases of racialized immigrant youth who are referred to the Extra-judicial Sanctions program in Calgary. I investigate how cultural knowledge impacts the way in which the youth’s cases are adjudicated.  In particular, looking at how knowledge about various racialized and ethnic groups is gained in an environment of popular discourse, and how this influences the cases of racialized immigrant youth. I then look at how this racialized knowledge impacts the process of the youth and their families attempting to contest the definitions that are assigned to them during the hearing process. I suggest that in the context of a neo-liberal, “colour-blind” Canadian society and policy, workers in the EJS process draw on their own cultural understandings in order to interpret the interactions with racialized immigrant youth, which then impacts the ability of the youth to truly have their voices heard.