bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Damsels Who Distress
Authors: Mitchell Liam
Published: September 2020

Female figures routinely appear in popular fiction as ostensibly critical correctives to masculinity who can inadvertently retrench problematic divisions between “Woman” and “Man.” In video games, these figures are often aural rather than visual; whether they are off-screen narrators, nonplayer characters, framing devices, or divinities, players regularly hear voices without seeing their source. While many games leave voices off-screen for reasons of technical and economic constraint, developers may restrict voices in this manner for other reasons as well—or at least with other consequences. The voice is a particularly potent site for the production of sexual difference, and the restriction of the female voice to relatively narrow protocols can result in the reduction of female characters to mere agential functions. This article offers brief critical readings of the acousmatic female voice in five recent games—BioShock (2007), Gone Home (2013), The Stanley Parable (2013), The Talos Principle (2014), and Firewatch (2016)—that illustrate the complicated connections between gender, games, technology, and the political. It then turns to the work of Super-giant Games, a small developer responsible for four critical and popular successes. Rather than reducing women’s voices to agential player functions, Supergiant’s first two games, Bastion (2011) and Transistor (2014), pose these voices as an affirmation of the characters’ agency. Moreover, because of the distressing character of this affirmation for certain players, Supergiant at first represses these characters’ speech. Although they are rendered voiceless, they are anything but powerless.
Next Generation Multifunctional Nano-Science of Advanced Metal Complexes with Quantum Effect and Nonlinearity
Authors: Yamashita Masahiro
Published: September 2020

My research target can be described as “Next Generation Multifunctional Nano-Science of Advanced Metal Complexes with Quantum Effect and Nonlinearity”. My work encompasses four important key areas: (1) inorganic-organic hybrid systems, (2) nano-size and nano-space, (3) bottom-up and self-assembly, and (4) nonlinearity and quantum effect. Among them, nonlinearity and quantum effect are the most important for nano-science of advanced metal complexes. I have been working on these two topics (nonlinearity and quantum effect) simultaneously for more than 40 years. As for quantum effect, I have focused on Haldane gap systems, single-chain magnets (SCMs), single-molecule magnets (SMMs), Kondo resonance on SMMs, photo-switchable SMMs, metallic conducting SMMs, SMMs encapsulated into single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), and metal-organic framework (MOF)-spintronics for spin qubits, for pursuing high-density memory devices and quantum computing. As for nonlinearity, I have focused on quasi-one-dimensional halogen-bridged metal complexes (MX-Chains; M = Pt, Pd, and Ni; X = Cl, Br, and I) with nonlinear excitons such as solitons and polarons, strongly electron-correlated Ni(III) complexes with gigantic third-order optical nonlinearity, and phase transitions and charge fluctuations between Pd(III) averaged states (= Mott insulator) and Pd(II)-Pd(IV) mixed-valence states (= charge density wave states), for pursuing optical communication, optical switching, and optical computing. In this review article, I will describe the above main topics (quantum effect and nonlinearity) according to my research history of more than 40 years, respectively. Finally, I will propose future perspectives for the two topics.
Irritable bowel syndrome dietary modifications - what to forbid and what to recommend?
Authors: Kaczyńska Agnieszka , Wieteska Małgorzata , Stanicki Paweł , Szarpak Julita
Published: September 2020

Irritable bowel syndrom is a gastrointestinal disorder, that affects about 10 % of worlds population. The etiology remains unclear, however studies show, that bad dietary habits may aggravate the symptoms. The most frequent signs of IBS are: abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea and change in bowel habits. The aim of this study was to describe dietary modifications that can alleviate the symptoms and improve patients quality of life. The study material consisted of publications, that we’ve found on databases as PubMed, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Patients find out, that certain food aggravate the symptoms. The most frequent triggering factors are: coffee, diary products, alcohol, spicy foods and lipids. Our review shows, there are some recommendations that help patients in their everyday diet change. For example drinking at least 3 cups of coffee per day can reduce bloating and diarrhea, while drinking more than 1,5 L of other fluids per day can alleviate symptoms as constipation. According to studies, following a IBS diet can minimize the signs. Moreover, recently developed  „IBS food pyramid” is based on actual recommendations and knowledge a visual and user-friendly tool helping patients in everyday diet changes.Unfortunately, still there is insufficient evidence of studies about dietary approaches. Well designed and randomized control trials are needed to improve efficacy, safety and knowledge about dietary modifications.
The use of Kinesio Taping in edema treatment after primary knee arthroplasty. A case study
Authors: Sobiech Magdalena , Kochman Maciej
Published: September 2020

A knee joint is one of the most exposed to the degenerative injuries causing pain and reducing motion abilities. In case of ineffective conservative treatment and advanced degenerative changes, a patient may be referred for knee arthroplasty. This surgery is often followed by pain and limb edema. Postoperative treatment can be supported by the Kinesio Taping. This paper aims to present the Kinesio Taping as a supportive post-surgery pain and edema treatment after knee arthroplasty. The 67-year-old-patient has been treated conservatively for the last 7 years. Due to the deteriorating changes and increasing pain the patient had been referred for the left knee arthroplasty procedure. After the surgery, the patient was stable, therefore the standard post-surgery procedures were implied. On the 3rd day, the lymphatic technique of the Kinesio Taping was added. After the end of the therapy (10th day after the surgery) the tests have shown a significant decrease of subcutaneous tissue swelling, pain relief, and knee joint circumference reduction.
Adipose tissue and its proinflammatory properties
Authors: Pluta Waldemar , Radecka Aleksandra , Dudzińska Wioleta , Lubkowska Anna
Published: September 2020

For many years, adipose tissue was considered only as an energy store, additionally having an insulating and protective function against injuries. The discovery of the ob gene more than 20 years ago meant that adipose tissue is now seen as an endocrine gland regulating / modulating the body's energy metabolism, inflammatory and immune processes thanks to the secretion of bioactive molecules such as adipokines, enzymes, hormones and growth factors. The substances secreted by adipose tissue with a pro-inflammatory effect include, among others leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor, lipocalin 2, angiopoietin-like protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-18, visfatin, monocyte chemotactic factor 1, chemerin or a plasminogen activator inhibitor.
Hygiene behaviour among youths before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wróblewski Hubert , Chojęta Dariusz , Zimna Aleksandra , Zygmunt Ewelina , Maziarz Barbara
Published: September 2020

Introduction and purpose of work: For years, scientific bodies have emphasized the essential role of proper hygiene in preventing infectious diseases. However, as is well known, many do not follow basic hygiene rules. Only in the face of spreading epidemics does the society understand the need to take care of it. Such simple actions are crucial in limiting and inhibiting the effects of an epidemic.Material and method: The results of the study were obtained on the basis of an online survey.Results: Before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the respondents washed their hands 4 to 7 times a day, which took them mainly 10-25 seconds. 91% of adolescents used soap and water to wash their hands. Almost every respondent (96.4%) washed their hands after using the toilet, about 78% after returning home, and every 5th person after contact with money. The vast majority of respondents did not use disinfectants when washing their hands was impossible. As many as 60% of teenagers covered their face with their hands while sneezing and coughing. During the coronavirus pandemic, still the most respondents (37.5%) wash their hands 4 to 7 times a day, but as many as 32.1% do it more than 10 times a day. Almost 37% of people take about 30 seconds to do so, compared to less than 10% before the pandemic. In addition, 66.7% use hand disinfectants.Conclusions: In the situation related to the coronavirus pandemic, an increase in hygiene has been noted in each of the categories. The current situation has prompted young people to change their habits and keep them in the future.
Features of the condition of the neuroendocrine-immune complex in different constellations of entropies of morpho-functional immune subsystems in rats
Authors: Popadynets’ Oleksandr , Bilas Volodymyra , Flyunt Igor-Severyn , Badiuk Nataliya , Zukow Walery , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Popovych Igor
Published: September 2020

Background. We have previously shown that the Entropy (E) of the Thymocytogram (T), Splenocytogram (S) as well as Leukocytogram (L) and Immunocytogram (I) of the blood in rats are virtually independent of each other. The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the condition of the neuroendocrine-immune complex in different constellations of E(s) of these four morpho-functional immune subsystems. Materials and methods. Experiment was performed on 108 healthy Wistar rats (48 male and 60 female) weighing 240-290 g divided into 8 groups. Animals of the first group remained intact. Instead, the other rats received various balneofactors for 6 days. The day after the completion of the drinking/application course the parameters of neuroendocrine-immune complex were registered. Results. The method of cluster analysis created four homogeneous groups of rats, significantly different from each other in the constellation of E of four morpho-functional immune subsystems. The members of the first cluster (n=31) are characterized by elevated levels of E (Z±SE) of I (1,12±0,16), T (1,00±0,14) and L (0,88±0,12) at the normal E level of S (0,14±0,16). The members of the second cluster (n=21) are characterized by reduced E level of L (-1,59±0,16) in combination with increased levels of I (0,80±0,17) and T (0,81±0,15) at the normal E level of S (0,13±0,16). A characteristic feature of the members of the third cluster (n=28) is reduced E of T (-1,01±0,17) at normal E levels of S (-0,33±0,23), I (-0,19± 0,14 ) and L (0,35±0,20). The last cluster (n=28) is characterized by reduced E of I (-1,36± 0,14), while the E of other immune subsystems are at the borderline levels: L (-0,52±0,16), S (0,49±0,15), T (0,60±0,15). The method of discriminant analysis revealed 15 parameters of the neuroendocrine-immune complex, the set of which four clusters of Entropies differ from each other with an accuracy of 95%. Conclusion. Each constellation of independent Entropies of the thymocytogram, splenocytogram, immunocytogram and leukocytogram is accompanied by a specific constellation of parameters of the neuroendocrine-immune complex which indicates their natural functional relationships.
Endometriosis and ovarian cancer - what they have in common?
Authors: Zarankiewicz Natalia , Kosz Katarzyna , Kuchnicka Aleksandra , Zielińska Martyna , Wolanin Natalia , Ciseł Bogumiła
Published: September 2020

Introduction and purpose: Endometriosis is one of the most common diseases among women in the reproductive age. Although its etiology remains not fully understood, several models of endometriosis development are taken into consideration. Many studies have been focused on hormonal and genetic alterations in endometriosis. The results of these studies allow for a thesis on common origin of endometriosis anda few types of ovarian cancer. The aim of this review is to present actual knowledge about endometriosis’ development conditions and a possible association with ovarian cancer.Material and method: The review concerned articles published in years 2012-2020, which were collected in the PubMed and Google Scholar. Particular attention was paid to the development of both the endometriosis and Endometriosis-Related Ovarian Neoplasms (ERONs) and their genetic disorders.Results:Endometriosis development is connected with several risk factors and also immune, hormonal and genetic alterations. Some authors postulated that malignant transformation of endometriosis may be a multi-step process powered by increasing levels of estrogen. Many studies confirmed that mutations of ARID1A and PIK3CA genes are likely to be present in the majority of cases of ovarian cancer with adjacent endometriosis.Conclusions:The awareness of clinical features and medical complications of endometriosis is spreading increasingly around the world. Many studies are focused on genetic causes of this illness. It may be supposed that we will be able to select women with endometriosis and increased risk of ovarian cancer and prevent its development.
The impact of pregnancy on a woman's health - stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Fortuna Aleksandra , Lipka Marta , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is an embarrassing problem that affects more and more women. The most common type of incontinene in women is stress urinary incontinence, which is defined as the involuntary loss of urine caused by an abnormal closure of the urethra. It happens most often during exercise, coughing or sneezing. The problem of urinary incontinence is extremely important due to the accompanying impact on the psyche of women. It causes a disturbance of self-esteem and is often a cause of embarrassment before visiting a doctor. Results: The pathogenesis of urine loss is multifactorial, but in recent times a lot of blame has been placed on the changes taking place in the body during pregnancy and childbirth. Childbirth weakens the pelvic floor muscles, causing temporary or permanent urine loss. The diagnosis of urinary incontinence is based on the basis of a carefully collected medical history, physical examination and additional tests. Conclusion: Physiotherapeutic procedures, pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment are used as a therapeutic procedures. Prophylactic pelvic floor muscle exercises also play an important role. The most popular treatment for stress urinary incontinence is physiotherapy, including Kegel exercises. The awareness of women about the problem of urinary incontinence should be increased to prevent them from limiting their daily activities and deteriorating sexual activity.
Study on the state of knowledge of medical students about the glycemic index of popular food products in Poland. A survey study
Authors: Czarnota Jakub , Dobrzyński Michał , Skubel Tomasz , Drozd Małgorzata , Dudek Iga , Sokół Dorota , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The glycemic index (GI) is a helpful indicator in composing a healthy diet, especially for people at risk of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. High GI products are quickly digested and absorbed in the human body. There is a sharp increase in postprandial glucose and insulin secretion, followed by a rapid decrease in blood glucose level, which results in increased glucagon secretion and increased appetite. A high GI diet may be one of the causes of insulin resistance and obesity.Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the state of knowledge of medical students studying in Poland about the glycemic index of popular food products.Material and Methods: An anonymous online survey was conducted. The answers of 140 medical students of polish medical universities were analyzed.Results: Despite the fact that 52.1% of respondents declared that they are interested in the subject of healthy eating, milk chocolate and honey were most often recognized as high GI by the respondents (respectively 90.6% and 84,1% of answers). However, these products are classified as low/medium GI products. A baguette with a very high GI obtained 70.3% of responses. Another product with a medium Gi, boiled potatoes, got  56.5% response.Conclusion: The knowledge of medical students about the glycemic index is not large, despite expressed interest in the subject of healthy eating.
Theories of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia
Authors: Dąbrowska Justyna , Wójcik Magdalena , Szarpak Julita , Bator Damian , Milanowska Joanna , Nieścior Hubert
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Schizophrenia is one of the most serious and frightening of all mental illnesses. It affects almost 1% of the population worldwide. The main concept and treatment of schizophrenia are based on the dopaminergic hypothesis. However, accumulating evidence has shown that the core pathophysiology of schizophrenia might involve dysfunction in dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling.The aim of the study: The purpose of this systemic review was to collect and analyse current and new information on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.Material and method: Standard criteria were used to review the literature data. The search of articles in the PubMed database was carried out using the following keywords: schizophrenia, dopamine hypothesis, serotoninergic hypothesis, hypothesis of schizophrenia .Description of the state of knowledge: There are evidence that pathogenesis of schizophrenia include dysfunction in dopaminergic, serotoninergic, GABAergic, glutamatergic systems. The use of drugs that act on any of these systems reduces the symptoms of the disease. Nicotinic receptors may also be the target for drugs in treatment of schizophrenia. Studies about the role of nicotinic receptors in pathogenesis of schizophrenia show that it normalize many of the sensory processing deficits found in schizophrenia.Summary: Despite the fact that current concept and treatment are still based on the dopaminergic hypothesis of the disease, existing theories and each new theory, open up different ways for treating schizophrenia. Considering that schizophrenia is one of the most serious and frightening of all mental illnesses and has major public health implications, more research about pathogenesis and ways of treatment is needed.
Rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in the elderly
Authors: Kuklińska Paulina , Gackowska Martyna
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY Introduction The article is an attempt to assess the effectiveness of various physiotherapeutic methods in people after ischemic stroke in the elderly, because rehabilitation has been shown to be an indispensable element of the treatment of these people. The range of methods used is a broadly understood concept, and this article will present the most effective reports from the world of physiotherapy on how to rehabilitate patients after a stroke. Aim The aim of the article is to characterize given methods as therapies, to indicate applications in rehabilitation and to assess their effectiveness. Methods and materials The most commonly used methods for patient improvement are NDT-Bobath, a Kabat proprioceptive pathway method (PNF). The basic therapy for the elderly after an ischemic stroke should be carried out with support for motor imagining. This article uses pilot and review works from 1986-2017. Results The presented methods of improving NDT Bobath, PNF and motor imagery are more effective in the treatment of people after ischemic stroke in the elderly than traditional methods of treatment. Research that was used for the purposes of this article conducted in the years 2009-2015 prove the effectiveness of these methods. Conclusions Based on the research carried out so far, the effectiveness of the given methods on the process of rehabilitation of a patient after a stroke can be confirmed. The use of both basic therapeutic and supportive methods at the same time gives beneficial results than using them alone. Key words: rehabilitation, stroke, neurorehabilitation INTRODUCTION A stroke is the under World Organization for a clinical syndrome characterized by a sudden onset of a focal, and sometimes also generalized brain dysfunction, the symptoms of which persist longer than 24 hours or until death and has no purpose. 80-85% of all ischemic strokes. Stroke third in time with full deaths in development after cardiovascular disease and cancer. Factors leading to pathological processes, while ischemic stroke is arterial or complete blockage of blood supply to the brain, the effects lead to hypoxia, the effects lead to damage to nerve cells [1,3]. The most important ischemic stroke is disability or weakness, sensory disturbance, involuntary movements, chorea movements, sensory and motor aphasia, maladjustment disorder [1,2].
Impact of otosclerosis symptoms on patients quality of life before and after surgery – a literature review
Authors: Kuchar Iga , Kościelska Oktawia , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Published: September 2020

Otosclerosis is a chronic process that leads to hearing impairment and other onerous symptoms, such as tinnitus or dizziness. The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis: they lead to problems in communication with the environment, as well as to different types of disorders of psychological nature, and this negatively affects the quality of life of patients. Despite the great progress in knowledge, the disease process cannot be completely stopped with otosclerosis. The most effective method of treatment is stapes surgery, which main goal is to improve speech hearing and understanding, as well as to reduce the accompanying symptoms. The greatest recognition among doctors collect stapedotomy surgery. The surgery may have unpleasant complications for some patients, but it is worth noting that in the majority of cases these problems disappear after a maximum of a few weeks. The aim of the study was to analyse previously published articles and other scientific literature on the impact of symptoms associated with otosclerosis on the quality of life of patients. Due to the small number of relevant publications, the search time frame has not been limited. The search for the literature needed to write the article was conducted using the Google Scholar and PubMed scientific articles databases. The topics of the described works included: generally quality of life, what is the sense of hearing for a person, the effects of hearing loss on the patient's functioning, the impact of tinnitus on the patient's life, possible methods of treatment for otosclerosis, improved hearing after surgery, as well as possible postoperative complications and their impact on well-being of the patient.
Pathogenetic features of the nitric oxide system state in the left ventricular myocardium of the rats with experimental arterial hypertension
Authors: Isachenko Mariia Igorivna , Melnikova Olha Valeriiva
Published: September 2020

The aim was to determine the pathogenetic features of the NO system in the myocardium of the left ventricle in the rats with endocrine-salt hypertension.Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on 20 male rats 220-290 g weight, 6–10 months old which were divided into 2 experimental groups: 1st – the control group (10 intact normotensive male Wistar rats); 2nd – 10 male Wistar rats with endocrine-salt arterial hypertension. Systolic and diastolic BP levels were measured in all the rats using a system of non-invasive arterial pressure measurement BP-2000. The objects of study in the experimental animals were blood plasma in which the nitrotyrosine level was measured, and the fragment of left ventricle, which was divided into two parts, one of which was homogenized using a Silent Crusher S homogenizer (Heidolph, Germany), in which nitrites level was determined. Concentration of immunoreactive material to NOS isoforms was detected with immunofluorescence method. The study of NOS mRNA isoforms expression in the left ventricular myocardium homogenates was carried out using a real-time polymerase chain reactionResults. In the experiment, an increase in all 3 isoforms and their mRNA was obtained. In the study, a decrease in nitrites concentration and a significant increase in nitrotyrosine levels, indicates the development of nitroso-oxidative stress.Conclusions. The development of experimental endocrine-salt hypertension in the Wistar rats leads to a stable increase in mean blood pressure by 65 % compared to control. Endocrine-salt arterial hypertension in Wistar rats is characterized by an increased mRNA content of all three isoforms of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS by 2.7, 2.8 and 5.7 times, respectively, compared to the control; increased expression of immunoreactive material to isoforms in transverse fibers by 14.3 %, 16.2 % and 18.5 %, respectively; in longitudinal fibers IRM to nNOS was higher by 8.3 %, to iNOS - by 8. 5%, but to eNOS it was lower by 7.6 %. At the same time, nitrites level decreased by 11.7 % and nitrotyrosine concentration was significantly higher, exceeding the control value by 88.5 %.
Mothers' knowledge about urinary tract infections in children and their prevention
Authors: Czerwińska Pawluk Iwona , Mic Łukasz
Published: September 2020

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a serious medical problem. The disease affects a significant percentage of children, including newborns, infants, older children and adolescents. Numerous factors influence the course of UTI and the manifestation of clinical symptoms. UTIs that are diagnosed too late, untreated or poorly treated are the cause of many complications that can pose a serious threat to the health and even life of a child. In the prevention of UTI, in their diagnosis and therapy, an important role is played by nursing staff, who have an obligation to educate child carers on the subject of risk factors, the importance of check-ups in early diagnosis of infections, and rules in force during therapy. It is not without significance to learn skills related to the care of the child's intimate areas, as well as the principles relevant for the prevention of relapses.
Sports massage as a method of preventing delayed onest muscle soreness
Authors: Choroszewicz Paweł , Dobosiewicz Anna Maria , Badiuk Nataliia
Published: September 2020

Physical activity, despite it’s many advantages for health and fitness, can have negative effects on humans. One of them may be delayed muscle soreness (DOMS), which appears 48-72 hours after the end of training. People performing intensive training, performing eccentric exercises, as well as people who take up activity once in a while are exposed. DOMS can meet both qualified athletes and amateurs of sport.

There is a collage of hypotheses explaining the formation of delayed muscle soreness. The most recent one is that DOMS is the result of muscle micro-injuries. There is also no single effective method of pain treatment. Pharmacology, hot and cold treatment methods, stretching and massage are applied. Research on athletes as well as amateur athletes shows that sports massage leads to faster regeneration of muscles affected by DOMS.
Distance education in the conditions of 2020 - risks and signs
Authors: Volotovska Nataliya
Published: September 2020

This article deals with the benefits and risks of distance learning programs being based on the modern information sources. Alco the personal experience of distance teaching, released by teaching stuff of the Department of Physiology, Bioethics and Biosafety, as well as research of psychological comfort during working hours. Personal ways to solve difficulties were in that period are presented, opportunities of effective implementation of obtained experience are proposed, including the back to classical studying scenario.
The assessment of Kinesiology Taping application in the reduction of menstrual pains among female basketball players
Authors: Hagner-Derengowska Magdalena , Gałęcki Sławomir , Kałużny Krystian , Kałużna Anna , Cichosz Michał , Kochański Bartosz , Zukow Xawery
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION. A menstrual pain often contributes to the decline of a woman's life quality. It remains a serious problem in an everyday life, but also in a proffessional life of a sportwoman as it significantly affects the achieved results. Pharmacology is the most popular way to cease the menstrual pain. However, thanks to the development of physiotherapy, many methods of the menstrual pain management have been emerged and they are still evolving. It is in this regard especially noticebale that Kinesiology Taping should be paid rapt attention.

AIM OF THE RESEARCH. The aim of the research is to assess Kinesiology Taping application in the reduction of menstrual pains among female basketball players.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY. The reaserch was conducted in a group of 35 women aged 20-36 with regular menstrual cycles and who train basketball professionaly. This group was for itself the study group and the control group. The assessment was conducted twice: 1) the first menstrual cycle after the research inclusion (no medical intervention); 2) the second menstrual cycle with the application of Kinesiology Taping. 3 day prior menstrual bleeding Kinesiology Taping was used among the participants of the reasearch. The 'I'-shaped cutting technique was used. The tapes tension was 50% and they were on women's bodies for 7 days.

RESULTS. The average pain intensity in the NRS scale before the therapy was 5,525286 (median 6,00). Whereas after the therapy with the kinesiology taping application the decline of pain intensity was noted at the level of 3,428571 (median 3,00). The statistical analysis showed that the use of Kinesiology Taping had statistically significant – p
A New Scatter Search Design for Multiobjective Combinatorial Optimization with an Application to Facility Location
Authors: López-Sánchez A. D. , Sánchez-Oro J. , Laguna M.
Published: September 2020

Metaheuristic optimization is at the heart of the intersection between computer science and operations research. The INFORMS Journal of Computing has been fundamental in advancing the ideas behind metaheuristic methodologies. Fred Glover’s “Tabu Search—Part I” was published more than 30 years ago in the first volume of the then ORSA Journal on Computing. This article, one of the most cited in the area of heuristic optimization, paved the way for many contributions to the methodology and practice of operations research. As a continuation of this stream of research, we describe a new scatter search design for multiobjective optimization. The design includes a short-term memory tabu search and a path relinking combination method. We show how the strategies and mechanisms within scatter search and tabu search can be combined to produce a highly effective approach to multiobjective optimization.
An anaesthetic and intensive care perspective on infection control measures for the prevention of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: O'Mahony Hazel R , Martin Daniel S
Published: September 2020

Guidance regarding appropriate use of personal protective equipment in hospitals is in constant flux as research into SARS-COV-2 transmission continues to develop our understanding of the virus. The risk associated with procedures classed as ‘aerosol generating’ is under constant debate. Current guidance is largely based on pragmatic and cautious logic, as there is little scientific evidence of aerosolization and transmission of respiratory viruses associated with procedures. The physical properties of aerosol particles which may contain viable virus have implications for the safe use of personal protective equipment and infection control protocols. As elective work in the NHS is reinstated, it is important that the implications of the possibility of airborne transmission of the virus in hospitals are more widely understood. This will facilitate appropriate use of personal protective equipment and help direct further research into the true risks of aerosolization during these procedures to allow safe streamlining of services for staff and patients.
An Insight into TiN, TiAlN and AlTiN Hard Coatings for Cutting Tools
Authors: Lungu Magdalena Valentina
Published: September 2020

The evolution of the metalworking industry over the centuries was greatly influenced by the development of a large range of cutting tools. Tool surface quality improvement with hard coatings generated considerable progress in the metal cutting industry. Hard coatings were composed mainly of nitrides, carbides, borides, and oxides of transition metals (typically Ti, Cr, Zr).1-5
Harnessing the therapeutic myco-potential for concrete-crack healing: Prospects and snags
Authors: Konwarh Rocktotpal , Palanisamy Suresh Babu , Jogi Pavan Kumar
Published: September 2020

There has been a continual upsurge on research pertaining to bio-based/ microbial healing of cracks in concrete (a pre-requisite component when it comes to construction design). Albeit, the application of bacteria in this realm has been documented widely over the years, howbeit, delving into fungus based self-healing under the deleterious ambience of concrete with oxygen and nutrient limitation, moisture deficit and high alkalinity has captured recent research impetus. In this context, we have tried to mine the current contextual information to gauge whether research on fungal-based self-healing concrete could be worthwhile. Recent systematic screening encompassing the application of genetically engineered strains, attests the profound untapped potential of specific fungal species in assisting sustainable self-healing to ensure resilient infrastructure. Known for their adaptability under a plethora of environmental stress-conditions and architecturally endowed with large surface-active biomass, fungi can display both biomineralization and organomineralization, leading to rapid and profuse precipitation of CaCO3 (a befitting concrete-filler) for prospective sealing of cracks, even of large width, plausibly without any negative trade-off with respect to concrete’s strength. This article is thus compiled to mirror the various prospects, practical hitches and future direction of research in using fungi for concrete crack healing.
Carapace length-weight and width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in Bulungan District, North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: WIDIGDO BAMBANG , RUKISAH RUKISAH , LAGA ASBAR , HAKIM AGUS A. , WARDIATNO YUSLI
Published: September 2020

Widigdo B, Rukisah, Laga A, Hakim AA, Wardiatno Y. 2017. Carapace length-weight and width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in Bulungan District, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1316-1323. The mud crab, Scylla serrata lives associated with mangrove ecosystems and is widely distributed in the Indo West-Pacific. The present work was aimed to reveal the carapace length/width-weight relationships of Scylla serrata in two mangrove ecosystem area of Bulungan District, North Kalimantan- Indonesia, i.e. Kahayan Delta and Tibi Island. The crabs were collected by using ambau pancang (trap) for two months from November to December 2016. A total of 522 individuals were collected and their carapace length, carapace width, and weight were measured. The sex ratio of total collected samples (male to female) was 1:0.79. Carapace length and width of S. serrata caught in these two study area ranged from 40 to 89 mm for male; 32 to 91 mm for female and 59 to 128 mm for male; 53 to 122 mm for female, respectively. The carapace length-weight relationships of total samples showed logarithmic equations as follow: W = -3.2194 + 2.9725 Log CL for male and Log W = -2.2010 + 2.3750 Log CL for female. While the carapace width-weight relationships are as follow: W = -3.9162 + 3.1012 Log CW for male and Log W = -2.6001 + 2.3968 Log CW for female. The b values of carapace width-weight relationship indicated that the growth pattern of male was positive allometric and female was negative allometric. Size frequency of crab population is also presented.
The ethno-techno-conservation approach in the utilization of Black Fruit (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen ethnic of Papua, Indonesia
Authors: UNGIRWALU ANTONI , AWANG SAN AFRI , SURYANTO PRIYONO , MARYUDI AHMAD
Published: September 2020

Ungirwalu A, Awang SA, Suryanto P, Maryudi A. 2017. The ethno-techno-conservation approach in the utilization of Black Fruit (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen people of Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1336-1343. Identities and cultures are developed by societies through interaction with their environments. In caring for and using their environment, ecological knowledge is created. Deep knowledge of sustainable utilization and conservation of forest resources exist in Papua, but this traditional wisdom is poorly reflected in scientific literature. Such knowledge includes for example the adaptive traditional management of Black Fruit trees (Haplolobus sp.) by the Wandamen people of Papua, which is the subject of the case study reported in this paper. Our research focused on developing an understanding of how local knowledge about utilization, conservation, and protection of Black Fruit was constructed over time. It employed ethnoecology as the analytical lens. The study was conducted in Teluk Wondama District, West Papua. We found that the adaptive resource management of Black Fruit by the Wandamen is based on an approach which we have called â€œethnotechno- conservationâ€. This approach is an attitude of mind by which Wandamen communities manage their Black Fruit trees to meet the dual goals of fulfilling subsistence needs and conserving the resource. This adaptive strategy has evolved over time as a response to the dynamics of the environment and exemplifies the co-evolution of culture and environment that is a defining feature of the world we all inhabit. The traditional concepts and knowledge of the Wandaman elaborate conservation values in the utilization of the Black Fruit. These adaptive concepts and knowledge are codified in their beliefs, myths, and handed-down wisdom.
Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: WIRYANTO WIRYANTO , SUNARTO SUNARTO , RAHAYU SLAMET MARDIYANTO
Published: September 2020

Wiryanto, Sunarto, Rahayu SM. 2017. Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1344-1352. Mangrove areas have important roles of ecologic, socio-economic, and socio-culture in ecosystem. Mangrove areas in Purworejo go into degradation as an impact of illegal logging, fishpond area expansion, settlements expansion and extension of agriculture area. All of the activities will influence the communitiesâ€™ structure of mangroves vegetation and aquatic fauna. The purposes of research are to observe (i) biodiversity of mangroves aquatic fauna; (ii) correlation between mangrove vegetation and aquatic fauna; and (iii) the influence of abiotic factors towards biotic condition in research sites. This research was conducted in June-September 2016 at 3 stations and was determined with purposive sampling method. The research stations are Gedangan (Station 1), Jatikontal (Station 2) and Ngentak (Station 3). Vegetation of mangrove and aquatic fauna were observed with method of line transect and sampling removal. Association between variables (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with Pearson Correlation Test. Influence of abiotic factors (physics and chemicals) on biotic (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with t-test and regression test. According to the research, 34 species of aquatic fauna are from mangroves area of Purworejo. Highest value of aquatic fauna is found in Station 3 (ID 2.50). Pearson correlation test between vegetation and aquatic fauna obtains r value of 0,104. The t-test results a significant difference (sig 0.000) between abiotic factors and biotic condition and shows the impact of changes on both. Further test with regression method also indicates a weak impact on changes on abiotic factors towards biotic condition (r2 0.032).
Short Communication: New record of a primitive brachiopod, Lingula sp. in Lubuk Damar, Indonesia
Authors: DARMARINI ANANINGTYAS S. , WARDIATNO YUSLI , PRARTONO TRI , SOEWARDI KADARWAN
Published: September 2020

Darmarini AS, Wardiatno Y, Prartono T, Soewardi K. 2017. Short Communication: New record of primitive brachiopod, Lingula sp. in mangrove ecosystem of Lubuk Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1438-1444.. Darmarini AS, Wardiatno Y, Prartono T, Soewardi K. 2017. Short Communication: New record of primitive brachiopod, Lingula sp. in mangrove ecosystem of Lubuk Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1438-1444.. This study reports the occurrence of the primitive brachiopod, Lingula in mangrove ecosystem as a new record in Indonesia. Specimens were collected from the mangrove sediment at a depth of between the sediment surface and 20 cm beneath. . Lingula has a glossy shell and oval-ovate shell shape. The color of shell is brownish or greenish. In posterior a point where pedicle occurs is found. The pedicle is a prolongation of the body like an anchor, with varying length, rough, hard and striped texture. Pedicle has soft transparent layer and the edges are covered by the substrate. The inside body of Lingula, there is a lophophore, which is the characteristic of this species The total length of the brachiopod ranges from 3-122 mm. The texture of habitat consists of 39.67% sand, 50.95% silt, and 11.45% clay.
Increased sensitivity of higher-order laser beams to mode mismatches
Authors: Jones A. W. , Freise A.
Published: September 2020

This Letter derives explicit factors linking mode-mismatch-induced power losses in Hermite–Gauss optical modes to the losses of the fundamental spatial mode. Higher-order modes are found to be more sensitive to beam parameter mismatches. This is particularly relevant for gravitational-wave detectors, where lasers employing higher-order optical modes have been proposed to mitigate thermal noise, and quantum-enhanced detectors are very susceptible to losses. This work should inform mode matching and squeezing requirements for Advanced+ and third generation detectors.
Turbulent coherent structures in a long cavity semiconductor laser near the lasing threshold: publisher’s note
Authors: Gowda Uday , Roche Amy , Pimenov Alexander , Vladimirov Andrei G. , Slepneva Svetlana , Viktorov Evgeny A. , Huyet Guillaume
Published: September 2020

This publisher’s note contains corrections to Opt. Lett. 45, 4903 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.397840.
Learning complex scattering media for optical encryption: publisher’s note
Authors: Zhou Lina , Xiao Yin , Chen Wen
Published: September 2020

This publisher’s note contains corrections to Opt. Lett. 45, 5279 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.400174.
‘My sleeves may be green but my lipstick’s red’: Deconstructing the ‘feminism’ in Six
Authors: Barnes Grace
Published: September 2020

This article questions the critical appraisal of Six as a feminist musical and as a step forward for gender equality within the British theatre industry. When the show is viewed through a feminist lens, it is clear that, far from challenging the meanings of gender in popular culture, Six reproduces them with demeaning stereotypes that conform to the ideals of the male gaze. I conclude that the positive critical reaction to Six owes more to a need within the theatre community to have a successful British musical than to the merits of the show itself, and a wariness on the part of critics in a post-Weinstein era to be seen to question the artistic quality of a female-centric show that women clearly experience as empowering.
Expresso Bongo and Make Me an Offer: The ‘Angry Young Musical’ in the 1950s
Authors: Wells Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2020

Following on from John Osborne’s infamous play Look Back in Anger of 1956, London’s stage saw the emergence of the ‘Angry Young Man’, realistic portrayals of working-class men in a difficult age. Expresso Bongo and Lily White Boys, works of the mid-to-late 1950s, demonstrate that the angry young man was also present in London’s musicals, previously an upper- and middle-class genre. Featuring the Soho district, gangsters, prostitutes and rock music, this unique era of musical theatre changed expectations of what musical theatre could and would offer to a jaded urban audience. These astonishing musical theatre works offer potent commentary on British society, British identity and particularly disenfranchised young British men, and offer insights into American and British relations, gender roles and expectations, and the complicated role of working-class men in the new Elizabethan era.
Imitation Artist: Gertrude Hoffmann’s Life in Vaudeville and Dance, Sunny Stalter-Pace (2020)
Authors: Courtis Sarah
Published: September 2020

Review of: Imitation Artist: Gertrude Hoffmann’s Life in Vaudeville and Dance, Sunny Stalter-Pace (2020)

Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 280 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-8101-4191-9, p/bk, $34.95
Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma
Authors: Wales Freedman Eden
Published: September 2020

Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma: Confronting Race, Gender, and Violence in American Literature treats reader response to traumatic and testimonial literature written by and about African American women. Theorists emphasize the necessity of writing about—or “witnessing”—trauma to overcome it. To this critical conversation, Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma adds insight into the engagement of testimonial literature, articulating a theory of reading (or “dual-witnessing”) that explores how narrators and readers can witness trauma together. The book then places its original theories of traumatic reception in conversation with the African American literary tradition to speak to the histories, cultures, and traumas of African Americans, particularly the repercussions of slavery, as witnessed in American literature. This book also considers intersections of race and gender and how narrators and readers can cross such constructs to witness collectively.
Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma’s innovative examinations of raced-gendered intersections open and speak with those works that promote dual-witnessing through the fraught (literary) histories of race and gender relations in America. To explicate how dual-witnessing converses with American literature, race theory, and gender criticism, the book analyzes emancipatory narratives by Sojourner Truth, Harriet Jacobs, and Elizabeth Keckley and novels by William Faulkner, Zora Neale Hurston, Margaret Walker, Toni Morrison, and Jesmyn Ward.