bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Power of Socio Economic Status for Achievement Goal Orientation of Secondary School Students in Punjab
Authors: Akhter Mumtaz
Published: June 2020

This study aimed at finding the effect of socio economic status of students on their achievement goal orientation in the subject of mathematics at secondary level in Punjab. Population of the study was secondary school students and teachers in the province of Punjab. Multi stage random sampling technique was used for the selection of sample. Sample was consisted of 874 ninth grade students (428 female and 446 male) from nine Districts of Punjab by categorizing Districts according to its Human Development Index, into three categories. Four government schools, two girls and two boys, were selected for data collection.  Adapted questionnaire “Achievement Goal Orientation Questionnaire (AGOQ)” was used to get responses about achievement goal orientation of students. To assess the socio-economic status of students various demographic variables (i.e, father and mother' qualification and profession, monthly income, area of their houses and income per month etc.) were used. Regression analysis showed the predictive power of SES for achievement goal orientation of students at secondary level in Punjab. Findings were tabulated and recommendations were made on the basis of findings.
Los derechos procesales en grupos vulnerables desde la normativa nacional e internacional
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Yahaira Berenice , Sauceda-Villeda Brenda Judith , Moreno-Rodríguez María Salomé
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo es producto de una revisión documental que tuvo por objetivo analizar los derechos procesales en los grupos vulnerables desde el marco nacional e internacional. El estudio enfoca un análisis de tipo reflexivo y analítico jurídico. Se aplicó un método heurístico de categoría taxonómico en metodología cualitativa. Se ha desarrollado en dos fases: la primera refiere el marco teórico-jurídico y la segunda busca señalar los derechos procesales de los grupos vulnerables en los procesos judiciales. En el estudio reflexivo, se observó la existencia de la vulnerabilidad primaria y secundaria. Se concluye la necesidad de generar un protocolo para la atención de derechos procesales en los grupos vulnerables en protección de los derechos humanos.
Reinventando los espacios como lugares de vida y paz una estrategia desde la lúdica para sectores vulnerables
Authors: Nuñez-Ríos Greys , García- Mendoza Kadry , Castillo-Martelo Judith , Niño-Jiménez Nevis
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo  es producto de una investigación acción -  participativa, cuyo objetivo consistió en intervenir a una comunidad de un sector vulnerable y marginal de la ciudad de Barranquilla, en los aspectos  económicos, social y físico con estrategias lúdico – pedagógicas para transformar los espacios de estas zonas expuestas en lugares de vida y de paz, que  desde las dinámicas sociales  inviten al fortalecimiento de la participación y las competencias  ciudadanas, la inteligencia emocional y la cultura ambiental. Se abordó desde un paradigma cualitativo con un diseño no experimental y de campo, de alcance descriptivo transversal. Tras la intervención se encontró que la comunidad se motiva para participar en las actividades que propendan por generar una cultura de paz para el encuentro y disfrute colectivo donde sus actores reinventan sus relaciones y transforman las categorías fundamentales que rigen su vida cotidiana. Se concluye que estas intervenciones son una oportunidad para acercar a la población al desarrollo de sus competencias ambientales, sensibilizarlos sobre el impacto ambiental y su compromiso con el desarrollo sostenible; así como potenciar su desarrollo afectivo, generar transformación de historias de vida articulando la lectura y la narración oral para impactar en la relación hombre - sociedad- naturaleza.
FORAMEN IN XIPHOID PROCESS OF STERNUM
Authors: Sabnis Anjali , Mane Prakash
Published: June 2020

Xiphoid process is smallest and distal component of manubrium sternum which is located in epigastrium. Variations in size and shape of xiphoid process are commonly observed. During teaching sternum to 1st M.B.B.S. students of MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, two small foramina in two different xiphoid processes were noticed. Though presence of foramen in xiphoid process is not uncommon, their presence should not be ignored. During assessment of injuries in autopsy, post-mortem examination and radiological reporting knowledge of xiphoid process and foramina in xiphoid process will be helpful.
Being and Becoming Woke in Teacher Education
Authors: Babulski Timothy
Published: June 2020

The role education plays in society has been contested in the United States since the inception of public education. Historically this contention has produced a delicate balance between promoting the social justice concerns of educating democratic citizens and the disciplinary concerns of individual intellectual development. Teacher preparation programs in American normal schools, colleges, and universities have traditionally struck a similar balance between theory and practice. In the past several decades, however, the rise of neoliberalism in American politics has shifted the balance away from equity, diversity, and inclusivity. The purpose of this study is to provide an account of the lived experiences of teacher candidates with the phenomena of being and becoming “woke” within a teacher education program that reflects neoliberal values but maintains a stated commitment to social justice. This study includes narrative vignettes that explore the phenomenality of “wokeness” as it manifests in the public-school environment and the teacher education program. It also addresses the effects of neoliberalism on teacher candidates’ willingness and ability to take up social justice for themselves, their students, and society.
Time for a Committee C for the WHO? COVID-19 and a more inclusive participation and accountable WHO
Authors: Lee Tsung-Ling
Published: June 2020

Much of World Health Organization’s (WHO) creditability and legitimacy as a global public health agency now hinges upon its leadership to coordinate international health work, as well as effectiveness of the International Health Regulations (IHR). With the IHR lacking robust accountability mechanisms for compliance and oversight, the article proposes an establishment of a Committee C of the World Health Assembly—an idea first put forward by Gaudenz Silberschmidt, Don Matheson, Ilona Kickbusch—not as a pancreas to the chronic shortfalls of the WHO, but as an additional governance mechanism to improve accountability and transparency at the organization. Democratizing global governance of health would rebuild trust and engender global solidarity, the foundations for a resilient global health system.
Application of information and communication technology in radiological practices: a cross-sectional study among radiologists in Ghana
Authors: Edzie Emmanuel K M , Dzefi-Tettey Klenam , Gorleku Philip N , Idun Ewurama A , Osei Bernard , Cudjoe Obed , Asemah Abdul Raman , Kusodzi Henry
Published: June 2020

Background

There is an inadequate number of radiologists in Ghana whose distribution are skewed in favour of urban areas, creating a huge service gap with the few radiologists overburdened with work. The only way to bridge this service gap while increasing numbers of radiologists by training is from the application of information communication technology (ICT), hence this study.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional questionnaire administered study conducted between 16th - 18th May 2019 during the annual general meeting of the Ghana Association of Radiologists involving 46 consented radiologists. The questionnaire investigated the available ICT tools, imaging modalities, the degree of usage and impacts of ICT on radiologists work output.

Results

The most available modalities were digital. 13.0% had teleradiology available, but 32.6% were familiar with it. All radiologists indicated improvement in work output with ICT. The time taken to report a case reduced from 1-2 hours to 10-30 minutes with ICT. Majority did not communicate professional issues via e-mails. 95.7%, 13.0% and 10.9% of radiologists used WhatsApp, Facebook and Twitter respectively to communicate radiological information. Online research provided significant information for their radiological reporting.

Conclusion

The topmost four imaging modalities readily available were Digital Ultrasound, Digital Radiography, Computed Tomography scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The availability of and familiarity with teleradiology was low in radiological practices. The reporting time per case and work output of radiologists were improved with ICT. The two most common social media platforms used by radiologists were WhatsApp and Facebook.
STUDENTS' CONCEPT MASTERY: REASONING ABILITY AND CONCEPT MASTERY OF EVOLUTION
Authors: Helmi  , Rustaman Nuryani Yogipratama , Tapilouw Fransisca Sudarto , Hidayat Topik
Published: June 2020

Now a days, students tend to learn the concept of evolution through various sources independently through memorizing or reading on their own and unaware of the mutual relations  among them in everyday life. The tendency leads  makes  learning the concept of evolution becomes meaningless and not profound, even though there are many studies that states  that scientific reasoning will make the knowledge gained more meaningful and profound. This study aims to test the hypothesis, is there  whether any correlation between students' concept mastery levelwith students' scientific reasoning skills in the evolution learning process. A total of 33 students participated in this study. Students' reasoning skills are obtained through the use of Test of logical thinking (TOLT), while students' concept mastery of evolution was assessed using concept knowledge assessment. The results of this study indicate that there is a correlation between students' scientific reasoning skills and students' concept mastery, where the tendency is that students who think formally are more dominant in obtaining high scores or better concept mastery of the knowledge.
THE TALE OF SI KABAYAN HAYANG KAWIN: A MEANING EMBODIED IN ORAL LITERATURE
Authors: Humaira Megan Asri
Published: June 2020

The fairy tale of Si Kabayan is a fairy tale in Sundanese society. Various fairy tales about Si Kabayan Save the meaning that can be taken by the community, especially the fairy tale of Si Kabayan Hayang Kawin. This fairy tale is examined in order to know the meaning contained within it using qualitative methods of descriptive. This fairy tale serves as an educational tool, consolation or entertainment, and a means of wearers enact social norms. As for the meaning of the fairy tale Si Kabayan Hayang Kawin, it is obvious that Kabayan's insinuation of one trait of society is lazy.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCE, LEARNING METHODS, INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES ON GRADUATE QUALITY (CASE STUDY (VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL) SMKN 5 BANDUNG INDONESIA)
Authors: Nurliana Mina , Sudaryana Bambang
Published: June 2020

The main objective of this research is to determine teacher competency requirements that support appropriate learning methods and be able to increase students' high learning desires and establish good learning facilities to determine the achievement of quality graduates and love knowledge. This study is expected to investigate how competencies, learning methods and ideal learning infrastructure can be used to improve students' understanding and comfort of teaching and learning processes that support intellectual quality and love knowledge. This notion arose after discovering that teaching practices for the affective domain were ineffective. Students learn to pass examinations, not to love knowledge. Experiments are conducted for 1 (one) year or 2 semesters, in January - December 2019, to determine the impact of learning experiences on students' academic achievement. The research sample consisted of 10 English teachers and 20 students from the Vocational High School. The students are divided into two groups; the control group (10 students) and the experimental group (10 students). Both groups were taught the same topic and learning objectives for 2 hour. However, the control group was taught using lecture slides, group discussions and closed with a question and answer session. Meanwhile, the experimental group is taught using new instructional instruments that adapt learning experiences that are appropriate to the curriculum. During the teaching session, the teacher observes student participation in all their activities and behavior during the lesson session. To complete this study, tests are conducted to see the impact of the learning experience on students' academic achievement.
USING ANIMATED VIDEO BASED ON SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO IMPROVE STUDENTS HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL
Authors: Adri Helmia Tasti , Yudianto SA  , Mawardini Annisa , Sesrita Afridha
Published: June 2020

This research is motivated by the desire to make a change to conventional and monotonous ways of learning by providing variations in science learning for students, where so far learning has been fixated on old media that are not relevant to the demands of innovation in education namely skill-based learning in the 21st century and the industrial revolution 4.0. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of video animation based on a scientific approach to the high-level thinking skills of students. The sample in this study were students majoring in Primary teacher education programs in science education, which were determined by cluster random sampling techniques. The study used an experimental methodology with a pretest-posttest control design. (3) T-test results from the results of the analysis of high-level thinking skills scores of students showed a significance value of 0.002 <0.05, proving that the final ability of the experimental class group was significantly higher than the control class. This indicates that the use of scientific animated video approaches influences students' high-level thinking skills.
PRAKTIK PENERAPAN PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN NOMOR 290 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG PERSETUJUAN TINDAKAN KEDOKTERAN (INFORMED CONSENT) PADA PELAYANAN GAWAT DARURAT DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Wardani Yulia Kusuma , Fakih Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Secara normal pelayanan medis di rumah sakit selalu diawali dengan sebuah persetujuan yang dituangkan dalam bentuk informed consent. Informed consent itu sendiri pada prinsipnya adalah persetujuan dari pasien dan keluarganya atas tindakan medis yang akan dilakukan setelah mendapatkan penjelasan dari dokter. Namun demikian dalam keadaan darurat informed consent secara hukum dapat ditiadakan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah, pertama: Bagaimana penerapan informed consent dalam praktek pelayanan kesehatan pada pasien gawat darurat di rumah sakit? Kedua, Apa yang menjadi hambatan dalam pelayanan gawat darurat di rumah sakit beserta aspek hukumnya? Ketiga, Bagaimana seyogyanya penerapan informed consent dalam pelayanan gawat darurat di rumah sakit? Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder maupun data primer. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan dokumen, sedangkan data primer diperoleh melalui informasi dari para informan baik tenaga medis (dokter) dan perawat yang pernah bertugas di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan, bahwa penerapan informed consent pada pasien gawat darurat di rumah sakit, pada prinsipnya telah mengikuti peraturan yang berlaku. Namun demikian, masih timbul kekhawatiran di kalangan tenaga kesehatan bahwa tidak adanya informed consent akan menimbulkan tuntutan dari keluarga pasien. Hambatan pelayanan gawat darurat di IGD adalah pada umumnya keluarga pasien tidak memahami prosedur pelayanan medis di IGD yang mengenal sistem triase, adanya perluasan operasi (extended operation) yang mungkin timbul dan adanya teamwork yang kurang efektif. Penerapan informed consent dalam pelayanan gawat darurat di IGD secara yuridis mengandung makna adanya penyimpangan-penyimpangan terhadap kaedah medis. Namun penyimpangan yang dimaksud merupakan pengecualian, bahwa penyimpangan tersebut tidak dikenakan sanksi dan dibenarkan secara hukum Kata kunci: informed consent, gawat darurat, tindakan medis
HUKUM ABORSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Nining Nining
Published: June 2020

Aborsi adalah pengguguran seorang janin baik dilakukan sendiri ataupun orang lain oleh seorang perempuan atau seorang ibu. Dalam dunia kedokteran aborsi dibagi menjadi dua macam aborsi, yaitu aborsi spontan dan aborsi buatan (sengaja dan medis). Pandangan Syariat Islam secara umum mengharamkan praktik aborsi. Hal itu tidak diperbolehkan karena beberapa sebab, yaitu Syariat Islam datang dalam rangka menjaga Adhdharuriyyaat al-khams, aborsi sangat bertentangan sekali dengan tujuan utama pernikahan dan tindakan aborsi merupakan sikap buruk sangka terhadap Allah SWT. Tindakan aborsi merupakan sikap buruk sangka terhadap Allah. Seseorang akan menjumpai banyak diantara manusia yang melakukan aborsi karena didorong rasa takut akan ketidakmampuan untuk mengemban beban kehidupan, biaya pendidikan dan segala hal yang berkaitan dengan konseling dan pengurusan anak. Ini semua merupakan sikap buruk sangka terhadap Allah. Padahal Allah telah berfirman: “Dan tidak ada suatu binatang melata pun di bumi melainkan Allah-lah yang member rezekinya” Maka, Syariat Islam memandang bahwa hukum aborsi adalah haram kecuali beberapa kasus tertentu. Dalam kalangan Ulama terdapat perbedaan pendapat tentang praktik aborsi tersebut, dan mereka memiliki dalil-dalil yang sama kuat, yaitu sebagai berikut:1)Dalil-dalil yang melarang dilakukannya aborsi sebelum Islam datang, pada masa jahilliyah, kaum Arab mempunyai tradisi mengubur hidup-hidup bayi yang baru dilahirkan. Allah SWT berfirman :“Dan apabila bayi-bayi perempuan yang dikubur hidup-hidup ditanya, karena dosa Apakah Dia dibunuh”. (At Takwir 8-9)Islam membawa ajaran yang menentang dan mengutuk tradisi jahiliyyah ini. Allah SWT berfirman : إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا“Sesungguhnya Tuhanmu melapangkan rezeki kepada siapa yang Dia kehendaki dan menyempitkannya; sesungguhnya Dia Maha Mengetahui lagi Maha Melihat akan hamba-hamba-Nya.” (QS. Al-Isra:30) Kata Kunci : Hukum Aborsi, Perspektif Islam
REKONSTRUKSI IDEOLOGI PANCASILA SEBAGAI SISTEM EKONOMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF WELFARE STATE
Authors: Hariri Achmad
Published: June 2020

Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara sudah semestinya menjadi katalisator dalam aspek kehidupan bernegara, terutama dalam soal ekonomi yang berkaitan langsung dengan hidup orang banyak, dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 (UUD Tahun 1945) Pasal 33 sudah jelas bahwa pasal tersebut menjadi ideologi sistem ekonomi Indonesia, namun dalam praksisnya tidak ada intstrumen yang jelas dalam menjalankan ideologi ekonomi tersebut, bahkan banyak Undang-undang yang bertentangan dengan pasal 33 UUD 1945 tersebut. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengulas terkait dengan sistem ekonomi Pancasila untuk terwujudnya kesejahteraan. Sedangkan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan pendekatan konsep (Conseptual Approach). Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Mengetengahkan sistem ekonomi pancasila menjadi keharusan ditengah pembangunan ekonomi yang tidak tentu, kegagalan ideologi ekonomi di dunia sebut saja liberalisme dan marxisme seharusnya menjadi titik tolak dari kembalinya penerapan ideologi yang khas dengan budaya Indonesia. Maka dari itu perlu sikap konsekuen untuk membangun ekonomi dengan sistem ekonomi Pancasila yang terejawantah dalam konstitusi Pasal 33 UUD 1945. Cabang produksi yang berhubungan dengan hajat hidup orang banyak dikuasasi oleh negara dan di peruntukkan pada sebesar-besarnya kesejahteraan rakyat. Inilah cita-cita Pancasila khususnya sila kelima, yaitu keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat.
Use of IPA in Healthcare Research and Qualitative Data Analysis: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Behal Dr. Anil
Published: June 2020

Please see attached a short article on the use and deployment of the "Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis" (IPA) for making sense of, and analyzing qualitative data. It's a turnkey approach developed in the UK by Jonathan Smith et al. at the University of Birkbeck. The redeeming feature of this approach is its ease of use, especially for the novice researcher and the more advanced candidates who are looking to make sense of novel phenomena.
Holographic conformal local surface and focusing
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: June 2020

Holographic conformal local surface and focusing
Improving the production and evaluation of structural models using a Delphi process
Authors: Bolger Fergus , Nyberg Erik P. , Belton Ian , Crawford Megan M , Hamlin Iain , nicholson Ann , Alvandi Abraham Oshni , Pearson Ross , riley jeff , Sissons Aileen , Taylor Browne Lūka Courtney , Thakur Shreshth , Vasilichi Alexandrina , Wright George
Published: June 2020

Bayes Nets (BNs) are extremely useful for causal and probabilistic modelling in many real-world applications, often built with information elicited from groups of domain experts. But their potential for reasoning and decision support has been limited by two major factors: the need for significant normative knowledge, and the lack of any validated methods or software supporting collaboration. Consequently, we have developed a web-based structured technique – Bayesian Argumentation via Delphi (BARD) – to enable groups of domain experts to receive minimal normative training and then collaborate effectively to produce high-quality BNs. BARD harnesses multiple perspectives on a problem, while minimising biases manifest in freely interacting groups, via a Delphi process: solutions are first produced individually, then shared, followed by an opportunity for individuals to revise their solutions. To test the hypothesis that BNs improve due to Delphi, we conducted an experiment whereby individuals with a little BN training and practice produced structural models using BARD for two Bayesian reasoning problems. Participants then received 6 other structural models for each problem, rated their quality on a 7-point scale, and revised their own models if they wished. Both top-rated and revised models were on average significantly better quality (scored against a gold-standard) than the initial models, with large and medium effect sizes. We conclude that Delphi – and BARD – improves the quality of BNs produced by groups. Further, although rating cannot create new models, rating seems quicker and easier than revision and yielded significantly better models – so, we suggest efficient BN amalgamation should include both.
Twos in human visual perception
Authors: Papeo Liuba
Published: June 2020

Human vision serves the social function of detecting and discriminating with high efficiency conspecifics and other animals. The social world is made of social entities as much as the relations between those entities. Recent work demonstrates that vision encodes visuo-spatial relations between bodies with the same efficiency and high specialization of face/body perception. Specifically, perception of face-to-face (vs. non-facing) bodies evokes effects compatible with the most robust markers of face-specificity such as the behavioral inversion effect and increased activity in selective visual areas. Another set of results suggests that face-to-face bodies are processed as a grouped unit, analogously to facial features in a face. The facing dyad in the visual cortex may be the earliest rudimentary representation of social interaction.
Fractal Urbanism: City Size and Residential Segregation in India
Authors: Bharathi Naveen , Malghan Deepak , Mishra Sumit , Rahman Andaleeb
Published: June 2020

We present the first ever large-scale snapshot of urban residential segregation in India at the neighborhood-scale. Our analysis from 147 largest cities in contemporary India shows how caste-based residential segregation is independent of city size (our sample includes all cities in India with at least 0.3 million residents in 2011). The extent of segregation in the largest metropolitan centers with over ten million residents closely tracks cities that are nearly two orders-of-magnitude smaller. We also show how residential segregation across a large swathe of urban India mirrors the spatial geometry of rural India. Our findings call into question one of the central normative promises of modernization in India and elsewhere --- the gradual withering of traditional ascriptive identities such as caste. Our paper also contributes to the emerging debates in urban segregation by developing an interdisciplinary framework for analytical and empirical operationalization of a neighborhood unit.
Government versus Industry Self-Regulation: Film Classification in Canada and the United States
Authors: Covell Tim
Published: June 2020

Film censorship in Canada and the United States was similar in the early decades of film, but while the United States moved from state government censorship to industry self-regulated censorship, censorship remains a provincial government responsibility in Canada. In both countries, agencies officially moved from censorship to age classification, but censorship continues. Comparing the histories of classification in both countries shows similar events happened at different times, which may predict industry self-regulated classification coming to Canada. Comparisons of the film classifications issued by six provincial agencies and the film industry in the United States show that Canadian agencies agree on the classification for more than 70% of films, and that Canadian classifications are more liberal than the classifications issued by the American film industry. The findings are consistent with previous studies. The international comparison finding may reflect Canadian liberalism but is more likely the result of the different agency structures. In a democracy, film classification run by the government is responsive and independent. Film classification run by the film industry may be affected by a desire to protect the industry from government classification. The similar classifications among the provinces suggest regional differences are minor. This and other factors lead to the possibility of Canadian provincial film classifications being replaced by the more conservative American industry film classifications.
Consecrating Canada’s Icon: The Riel Project, Usable Heroes, and Competing Nationalisms
Authors: Braz Albert
Published: June 2020

The publication of The Collected Writings of Louis Riel / Les écrits complets de Louis Riel in 1985 was a remarkable event for several reasons. To begin with, it is the first collected works devoted not only to any figure in Canadian history but to someone who had been hanged for treason. In addition, Riel is not generally considered a major writer. So given the controversy still associated with the nineteenth-century Métis politician, poet, and mystic, the editors decided to eschew contextual analysis and limit their commentary to bibliographical matters. This is a strategy they justified by arguing that it would enable the collection to incorporate only the views of Riel as he articulated them in his considerable body of poetry and prose. Paradoxically, though, most contemporary reclamations of Riel rely little on his words as gathered in The Collected Writings. Perhaps because his texts often conflict with the dominant images of him in popular discourse, the collection appears to have become canonized. Like the monument that it is, it is largely unread—or, at the least, unacknowledged.
Laser additive manufacturing of copper– chromium–niobium alloys using gas atomized powder
Authors: Maischner Dora , Fritsching Udo , Kini Anoop , Weisheit Andreas , Uhlenwinkel Volker , Schleifenbaum Johannes Henrich , Biermann Tim
Published: June 2020

Copper-chrome-niobium alloys exhibit excellent thermal and electrical properties combined with high strength at elevated temperatures. Additive manufacturing techniques such as laser metal deposition using powder as raw material offer the potential for rapid solidification as well as a high freedom of design to manufacture parts layer by layer. Powder samples of copper- chrome-niobium alloys were produced by gas atomization. Via laser metal deposition, bulk volumes without cracks and with a very low porosity can be built up. Rapid solidification leads to the formation of fine precipitates which are likely to be (Cr,Fe)2Nb. The precipitates are distributed homogeneously in the copper matrix. The copper crystals grow across the layers due to epitaxial nucleation on the preceding layer.
Justification and development of a method for stabilizing the movement of grain and forage harvesters based on the principle of inertial dynamic damping
Authors: Sirotin P. V
Published: June 2020

The necessity of stabilizing the movement of grain and forage harvesters as one of the main directions of increasing the productivity of the considered class of transport and technological machines is substantiated. It is shown that a modern combine can be represented in the form of two mass models, including a housing and an adapter, which allows you to organize controlled forced mobility between them, forming reactive torque components, controlling which can provide a given level of smoothness of the combine. The design scheme is given, an approximate component composition of the system is determined, and a description of the working process is given when stabilizing the longitudinal-angular vibrations of the self-propelled combine body. Based on the mathematical and simulation models of the combine previously developed by the author, modeling of its movement along a dirt road and asphalt concrete highway with different speeds in the initial state and with a working stabilization system was carried out. Based on a comparison of the spectral densities of the angles of longitudinal inclination of the housing of the forage harvester, the efficiency of the system in terms of stabilization of movement is shown. The efficiency of the system is confirmed by a decrease in the active vibration acceleration at the workplace in the entire normalized frequency range. The results of evaluating the health of the system are presented. The implementation of the adapter rotation angles is shown, the dimensional parameters and restrictions on the driving conditions that allow the adapter to move along the calculated rotation amplitudes are justified. The energy costs for the implementation of the proposed stabilization method are considered. It is shown that for a modern forage harvester, a motion stabilization system will require up to eight kW of power, which is an insignificant share in the energy structure of the combine. Conclusions are drawn and directions for further research are identified.
Multicopter spraying module
Authors: Bykov S. N
Published: June 2020

A design of a device mounted on a multicopter for implementing the technology of spot spraying of plants is proposed. When individual small areas of the field are damaged from an environmental and economic point of view, the processing of the entire field is not advisable. The use of tractor equipped with a sprayer is often impossible due to the lack of wheeltrack and is not effective when the problem area is too small. One of the promising directions for solving this problem is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. The aim of the work is to develop the design of the spraying module for further installation of it on a multicopter. The technology for spot processing of fields using a multicopter contains the steps of aerial photography of plants, compilation and analysis of electronic field maps, setting up a multicopter and attachments to carry out planned work, spraying point objects, and evaluating object processing results. Existing field spraying technologies involve the use of multicopter with a carrying capacity of about ten liters of working fluid. The main limitations are the high cost of the multicopter and the impossibility of spot spraying objects of small area. For the proposed technology, it is possible to use inexpensive compact multicopter with a carrying capacity of about two kilograms. A spray module of about one liter of working fluid was developed. The liquid pressure at the nozzle exit is created due to the energy of compressed air supplied from a special reservoir through a pneumatic reducing unit. The use of a spraying module allows to expand the range of machines for plant protection and improve the quality of their spraying in hard-to-reach areas, in fields of small area and of complex configuration, in conditions of increased soil moisture and lack of wheeltrack. The production of the proposed design does not require sophisticated equipment and tools. The use of the device is advisable in small farms.
Bladder Cancer Following Medicaid Expansion: No Changes in the Diagnosis of Muscle-Invasive Disease and Time to Treatment
Authors: Ko Oliver S. , Weiner Adam B. , Desai Anuj S. , Vo Amanda X. , Miller Jake A. , Cooley Lauren F. , Kundu Shilajit D.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:

Bladder cancer patients who are insured experience improved outcomes. Medicaid expansion aimed to increase insurance coverage and improve access to care. However, the association between Medicaid expansion and stage at diagnosis or time to treatment for those with advanced bladder cancer is unknown.

OBJECTIVE:

We sought to determine to association of Medicaid expansion with stage at diagnosis, and time to treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

METHODS:

A US-based cancer registry was utilized to evaluate the association between Medicaid expansion and cancer stage at diagnosis, insurance rates, and time to treatment (>60 days from diagnosis) for those diagnosed with bladder cancer. We compared outcomes in non-Medicare-aged patients in non-expansion states ( n = 16,602) and expansion states ( n = 15,921) before (years 2012-2013) and after (years 2015-2016) Medicaid expansion with adjusted difference-in-differences (DIDs) using multivariable linear regression.

RESULTS:

The DIDs of percentage of bladder cancer patients with Stage≥II disease (0.02%; 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.91 to 1.95%, p = 0.9), without insurance (–0.65%; 95% CI –1.71 to 0.41), and with metastatic disease at diagnosis (–0.07%; 95% CI –1.14 to 1.00, both p > 0.10) did not change following insurance expansion despite an increase in Medicaid coverage (6.03%; 95% CI 4.79 to 7.29, p < 0.01). Any treatment with either cystectomy, radiation or systemic therapy > 60 days after diagnosis of stage≥II disease did not change (DID 1.48%; 95% CI –3.29 to 6.25%, p = 0.50). On subgroup analysis of patients living in low-income regions, the rates of stage≥II disease, no insurance, metastatic disease, and time to treatment did not significantly change.

CONCLUSION:

Medicaid expansion was not associated with changes in advanced cancer stage at diagnosis or time to treatment in newly diagnosed bladder cancer patients.
Does the knowledge-sharing platform specialist matter in knowledge sharing for secured KMS?
Authors: Nyame Gabriel , Qin Zhiguang
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Knowledge remains a competitive, intangible resource in today’s contemporary organizations. Most knowledge management initiatives aimed at leveraging knowledge for sustainable corporate performance. Knowledge sharing is fundamental to growing intellectual capital. Security on knowledge resources is a prerequisite to quality knowledge content. To increase trust in both knowledge content and security, a knowledge-sharing platform specialist (KsPS) plays a significant role in the overall management and authentication of corporate intellectual capital. OBJECTIVE: This paper analyzes the contributive role of the KsPS and investigates whether or not KsPS matters in strengthening knowledge quality and security in organizations. METHODS: We conducted a broader review of relevant literature on issues relating to knowledge management, knowledge security, KsPS, and sharing platforms to have a better understanding of roles played by the KsPS. Besides, 18 KsPS from 15 organizations were interviewed through telephone or Skype regarding their role expectations in knowledge sharing, quality, and security in the knowledge management system (KMS). Thematic analysis was done to obtain the relevant themes for the study. RESULTS: The study established that the KsPS provides quality facilitative roles in knowledge-sharing processes for secured KMS. Thus, the KsPS significantly contributes to knowledge codification and internalization. CONCLUSIONS: With very little recognition of the KsPS in the existing KMS literature, this study draws attention to the management of organizations about the need to invest in a KsPS for quality knowledge support services and increased knowledge security.
Effects of local vibration and cervical stabilization exercises on balance, joint position sense, and isometric muscle performance in young adults: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Turkmen Ceyhun , Kose Nezire , Bilgin Sevil , Cetin Hatice , Dulger Esra , Altin Busra , Aksoy Songul
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:

Cervical stabilization exercises and local vibration may improve proprioception and balance and prevent musculoskeletal problems.

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the effects of local vibration and cervical stabilization exercises on balance, cervical joint position sense, and muscle performance in healthy participants.

METHODS:

Forty-eight healthy male participants without neck pain were included. The participants were randomly divided into three groups: a home exercise program lasting eight weeks to the cervical stabilization group; 60 s of vibration to the neck muscles of the local vibration group and a control group. Balance, joint position sense, and muscle performance were evaluated twice in all subjects, before and after the intervention.

RESULTS:

Joint position sense error values were decreased in both the local vibration and cervical stabilization groups. Balance was improved ([Formula: see text] 0.001) in the local vibration group while improvement in muscle performance parameters was only seen in the cervical stabilization group ([Formula: see text] 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

The methods used in the present study may be used for improving the proprioceptive and vestibular components of balance in individuals with musculoskeletal problems such as cervical disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, or neck pain. However, given the limitations, much more research is needed to firmly establish these recommendations.
Effects of cluster training on body composition and strength in resistance-trained men
Authors: Vargas-Molina Salvador , Romance Ramón , Schoenfeld Brad J. , García Manuel , Petro Jorge L. , Bonilla Diego A. , Kreider Richard B. , Martín-Rivera Fernando , Benítez-Porres Javier
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:

Cluster Training (CL) is an alternative to traditional training where intra-set breaks are incorporated. Positive effects have been reported on sports performance. However, there is little research on body composition in trained subjects.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three cluster training (CL) protocols comprised of different intra-set rest (RIntra) and blocks of repetitions (BK) on strength, power and body composition in individuals maintaining a high protein diet.

METHODS:

Twenty-nine resistance-trained male participants were randomized to RIntra 20 s and BK 3 RM ([Formula: see text] 8, CL1), RIntra 40 s and BK 3 RM ([Formula: see text] 7, CL2), RIntra 20 s and BK 6 RM ([Formula: see text] 7, CL3), and control group ([Formula: see text] 7, CG). All participants performed two sessions per week of lower-limb resistance training for 8 weeks.

RESULTS:

There were significant changes in FFM in CL1 (0.9 [Formula: see text] 0.5 kg, [Formula: see text] 0.001, ES [Formula: see text] 0.17), CL2 (0.6 [Formula: see text] 0.5 kg, [Formula: see text] 0.010, ES [Formula: see text] 0.14) and CL3 (0.6 [Formula: see text] 0.4 kg, [Formula: see text] 0.011, ES [Formula: see text] 0.14) but not in CG (0.4 [Formula: see text] 1.1 kg, [Formula: see text] 0.323, ES [Formula: see text] 0.13). Likewise, significant increases were found in the cluster groups (CL1, 14.5 [Formula: see text] 12.3, [Formula: see text] 0.012, ES [Formula: see text] 0.80; CL2, 10.1 [Formula: see text] 4.3, [Formula: see text] 0.001, ES [Formula: see text] 0.60; CL3, 9.5 [Formula: see text] 4.9, [Formula: see text] 0.002, ES [Formula: see text] 0.45) but not in CG (9.0 [Formula: see text] 9.0, [Formula: see text] 0.057, ES [Formula: see text] 0.55). There were no significant changes for any group in CMJ.

CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that a RIntra of [Formula: see text] 20 s in CL protocols with 3 RM blocks in multi-joint exercises of the lower-limb is sufficient to elicit significant training adaptations; no additional benefits were obtained using longer rest intervals.
Kangaroo father care to reduce paternal stress levels: A prospective observational before-after study
Authors: Dongre S. , Desai S. , Nanavati R.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE:

The objective was to assess stress in fathers of preterm infants and use of “Kangaroo Father Care (KFC)” to mitigate it.

STUDY DESIGN:

Stress levels of 30 fathers of preterm infants admitted in the NICU were assessed using the parental stressor scale: neonatal intensive care unit (PSS: NICU) before and after three sessions of KFC. The data was analysed using Wilcoxon signed rank sum test.

RESULT:

There was a statistically significant reduction in stress levels after KFC ( p = 0.006). Amongst all the four subscales, stress levels were found to be reduced in ‘staff behaviour and communication’ ( p = 0.001) domain and ‘baby looks and behaves’ domain ( p = 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Fathers of preterm infants admitted in the NICU experience a lot of stress, which can adversely affect their mental health. Kangaroo care is very effective in reducing this paternal stress levels.
Influence of ultrasonic excitation on microhardness of glass ionomer cement
Authors: Tanweer Navara , Jouhar Rizwan , Ahmed Muhammad Adeel
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Numerous researchers have attempted to improve the mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement since 1972. In this study, ultrasonic curing treatment was introduced during the mixing of glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji IX) to facilitate intimate mixing, compaction and adaptation of residual glass particle which consequently improves densification of the material. OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of ultrasonic treatment on the microhardness of glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji IX) and compare it with the conventionally cured method. METHODS: A total of 40 specimens (2 × 2 mm) were fabricated and equally divided into two groups: Group I (conventional curing method) and Group II (ultrasonically cured). For Group II, an ultrasonic scaler was used which provides energy to ensure proper mixing of material without leaving any air bubbles or unmixed particles. Vicker’s hardness test was employed to generate the average microhardness values by making three indentations at different points on each specimen. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 17 was used, employing independent samples T test to compare the difference in microhardness values between two curing groups. RESULTS: The average surface hardness value for conventional cured GIC was 62.21 ± 13.61 while ultrasonically cured GIC exhibited a higher mean microhardness value of 66.37 ± 12.83. Additionally, the average microhardness values produced by the two groups showed statistically significant differences (p value < 0.035). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic excitation treatment leads to intimate mixing and accelerated hardening of glass ionomer cement thereby enhancing its microhardness and reducing early weakness.
Fixation of distal radius fracture with volar locking palmar plates while preserving pronator quadratus through the minimally invasive approach
Authors: Fan Jian , Zhang Xin , Ji Jia-qing , Yao Ying , Li Shan-Zhu , Yuan Feng , Cheng Li-Ming
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: The volar locking plate technique with an L-shaped incision of the PQ muscle through the classic volar Henry approach is a popular method for treating distal radius fractures. Recently we revised and improved this traditional technique by performing mini-invasive surgery. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects after fixation of distal radius fracture with volar locking palmar plates while preserving the pronator quadratus through minimally invasive approach. METHODS: From May 2014 to March 2017, 58 patients (38 males and 21 females) with an age range of 22–72 years (mean age 44.6 years) and with distal radius fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation with volar locking palmar plates. The patients were classified as 23A-2 through 23C-2 according to the Orthopedic Trauma Association fracture classification system. All surgeries were completed by one trained team. The group that received volar locking palmar plates of distal radius performed with the traditional method through Henry approach involved 33 patients (21 males and 12 females) and the group that received PQ through minimally invasive approach group involved 25 patients (16 males and 9 females). We compared the two groups for wrist pain, forearm range of motion, grip strength, preoperative complications and wrist functional recovery score. RESULTS: The minimum follow-up for the whole cohort was one year. The differences between the two groups were significant in terms of wrist pain, forearm range of motion, grip strength and wrist function at 1, 2, 6 weeks postoperatively, but insignificant at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. In the minimally invasive group a case of limited extension of the forefinger 3 months postoperatively was found. No significant differences were found for preoperative complications and radiographs postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Fixation with volar locking palmar plates through minimally invasive approach is a satisfactory and optional method in the treatment of distal radius fractures. This technique yields better early wrist function, shortens rehabilitation time and gets high psychological satisfaction.
Development and usability of a mobile tool for identification of depression and suicide risk in Fiji
Authors: Iyengar M. Sriram , Chang Odille , Florez-Arango Jose F. , Taria Mosese , Patel Vimla L.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: In Fiji and other South Pacific island countries, depression and suicide are of great concern. There is a pressing need to rapidly identify those at risk and provide treatment as soon as possible. OBJECTIVE: Design, develop and test a mobile health tool that enables CHNs to easily and rapidly identify individuals at risk for suicide and depression and provide guidelines for their treatment. METHODS: Using Android Studio, a native app called ASRaDA was developed that encoded two validated scales: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D), and Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). The usability of the app was measured using the System Usability Scale by community health nurses in Fiji. RESULTS: Out of a maximim possible of 100 on SUS, ASRaDA was scored at 86.79. CONCLUSION: Mobile tools with high usability can be designed to aid community health nurses in Fiji and Pacific island counties rapidly identify those at risk for depression and suicide.