bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da autoeficácia na amamentação de puérperas
Authors: Souza Maressa Lo Bianco , Santos Thiago Pereira , Alves Odelle Mourão , Leite Franciele Marabotti Costa , Lima Eliane De Fatima Almeida , Primo Cândida Caniçali
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o nível de autoeficácia na amamentação de puérperas. Método: estudo epidemiológico, realizado em um hospital público do município de Vitória, ES, com 214 puérperas. Utilizou-se um formulário com dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e para avaliação da autoeficácia para amamentação (Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form) e do nível de ansiedade (Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado). Resultados: houve predomínio de mulheres na faixa etária de 20 a 34 anos, com ensino médio completo, casadas, renda familiar baixa, sem atividade remunerada e 67% tiveram parto cesárea. As puérperas apresentaram traço-estado de média ansiedade e níveis de autoeficácia média ou alta. Houve associação significativa da autoeficácia na amamentação com as variáveis: possuir companheiro, ter amamentado anteriormente por no mínimo seis meses e apresentar médio e alto estado de ansiedade. Conclusão: a avaliação da autoeficácia na amamentação na maternidade pode representar uma estratégia para o enfermeiro realizar ações de promoção e apoio a amamentação.Descritores: Aleitamento materno, Autoeficácia, Ansiedade, Enfermagem Materno-Infantil.
Conhecimento das mulheres e dos homens referente ao climatério e menopausa
Authors: Alcântara Laiany Lais de , Nascimento Leila Cristine do , Oliveira Vânia Aparecida da Costa
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: conhecer o que as mulheres e os homens com vínculo trabalhista ou estudantil da Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste, sabem sobre o climatério e menopausa. Metodologia: estudo de caso único, com abordagem qualitativa e fundamentada na técnica de Análise Crítica do Discurso. A pesquisa contou com 43 participantes, sendo 15 mulheres e 28 homens. Resultados: a distinção entre climatério e menopausa nem sempre é clara para os participantes, sendo desconhecidas, especialmente, pelos participantes do sexo masculino. Além disso, o climatério é um período em que as mulheres queixam-se de vários sintomas, tanto biológicos quanto psicológicos. Considerações finais: há uma defasagem no conhecimento das mulheres referente ao climatério e à menopausa. Nota-se o desconhecimento total dos homens referente ao climatério e poucos sabem o que é a menopausa. Em face ao exposto evidencia-se a necessidade de mais estudos que busquem explorar a temática menopausa/ climatério.
Representações Sociais sobre Esquecimento e Depressão por Pessoas Idosas: Abordagem Processual
Authors: Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Marangon Amanda Maísa Gava , Tosoli Gomes Antônio Marcos , De Melo Laércio Deleon , Martins Renata , Fontes Fabiola Lisboa da Silveira
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: compreender os conteúdos representacionais e suas origens a partir do esquecimento e da depressão em pessoas com idade ≥ 65 anos, identificando-se as aproximações e as diferenciações atribuídas ao declínio cognitivo. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo delineado na abordagem processual da Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado numa Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde, numa cidade de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Entrevistas individuais em profundidade com gravação de áudio a partir de questões norteadoras. Conteúdos discursivos transcritos na íntegra e tratados em Programa NVivo Pro11, análise de conteúdo. Atendidos todos os aspectos ético-legais de pesquisa. Resultados: foram 49 participantes, cujos fragmentos de discurso permitiram identificar dimensões: comportamental, atitudinal, cognitivo, informativo, valorativo e objetival. A perda cognitiva foi percebida como algo peculiar ao envelhecimento e vinculada à presença da depressão. Conclusão: as representações sociais do esquecimento e depressão foram associadas ao isolamento social com origens vinculadas a problemas (pessoais, sociais ou familiares) identificadas a partir da observação do cotidiano.Descritores: Enfermagem, Envelhecimento, Idoso, Memória, Depressão.Contribuição dos autores: 1) concepção e/ou desenho: Arreguy-Sena e Marangon, 2) análise e interpretação dos dados: Tosoli, de Melo, Martins, Arreguy-Sena, Marangon e Silveira Fortes, 3) redação do artigo: Marangon, Arreguy-Sena, Martins e de Melo, 4) revisão final: Marangon, Arreguy-Sena, Martins e de Melo
Perfil de mulheres acolhidas em leitos de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas
Authors: Menezes Ferraz Leão Natália , De Andrade Boska Gabriella , De Mattos Cerioni Silva Júlia Carolina , Garcia Claro Heloisa , Ferreira de Oliveira Márcia Aparecida , Rodrigues de Oliveira Mônica Silvia
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil de mulheres admitidas para uso dos leitos de acolhimento noturno em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em Álcool e Drogas (CAPSad) e suas admissões. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, documental e retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Dados foram coletados de prontuários, seguidos de análise estatística.  Resultados: as mulheres tinham em média 38 anos, sem companheiro (81,1%), com vínculo familiar ruim/conflituoso (52,7%), sem vínculo empregatício (83,5%) e em situação de rua (64,5%). As substâncias mais consumidas foram crack e álcool. Frequentemente, as admissões foram por desintoxicação e vulnerabilidade social, com permanência média de 7 dias.  Entretanto, 29,1% não concluíram o tratamento e 35,4% retornaram pós-alta buscando atendimento individualizado. Conclusão: o perfil das usuárias relaciona-se com uma relevante vulnerabilidade social, sendo os leitos referência terapêutica para o cuidado integral.
Caracterização do trabalho e ações desenvolvidas pelas equipes do Consultório na Rua de Maceió - AL
Authors: Timóteo Aryanna Vanessa Gomes , Silva John Victor dos Santos , Gomes Larissa Karolline Gonçalves , Alves Ahyas Sydcley Santos , Barbosa Vívian Mayara da Silva , Brandão Thyara Maia
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar o trabalho e as ações desenvolvidas pelas equipes do consultório na rua de Maceió-AL. Métodos: estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 13 profissionais que compõem as equipes do Consultório na Rua de Maceió-AL. Foi realizada entrevista semiestruturada, com registro em diário de campo e gravação de áudio, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2018. O material produzido foi transcrito e analisado através da Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Temática, proposta por Bardin. Resultados: Através das falas dos profissionais, foram encontradas as temáticas “Caracterizando o trabalho” e “Limitações e desafios do trabalho”. Conclusão: é necessário um trabalho diferenciado para a população em situação de rua, diminuição do preconceito e descriminalização desse público, além de maior investimento para garantir a manutenção e condições adequadas para a assistência das pessoas em situação de rua.
Ações técnicas e gerenciais da enfermagem no Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein para atender na pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Laselva Claudia Regina
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de liderar a implantação de ações técnicas e assistenciais em hospital para atendimento da pandemia do COVID-19. Método: Relato de Experiência da atuação como gestora na implantação das ações no Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein para atendimento à pandemia do novo coronavírus. Resultados: Foi criado um Comitê de Gestão de Crise multiprofissional que estabeleceu ações como a formação de um Núcleo de Inteligência e um de Epidemiologia, bem como para padronização das boas práticas e uso dos recursos. Conclusão: A participação neste momento de pandemia na experiência de protagonizar ações visando o melhor atendimento foi importante, reafirmando o papel da Enfermagem e do Enfermeiro na gestão na área hospitalar.Descritores: Coronavírus; Infecções por Coronavírus; Pandemias; Enfermagem; Administração hospitalar.TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT ACTIONS OF NURSING AT THE ISRAELI HOSPITAL ALBERT EINSTEIN TO ATTEND IN THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 Objective: to report the experience of leading the implementation of technical and assistance actions in a hospital to care for the pandemic of COVID-19. Method: Experience report of performance as a manager in the implementation of actions at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein to attend the pandemic of the new coronavirus. Results: A multiprofessional Crisis Management Committee was created, which established actions such as the formation of an Intelligence Center and an Epidemiology Center, as well as for the standardization of good practices and the use of resources. Conclusion: Participation in this pandemic moment in the experience of leading actions aimed at better care was important, reaffirming the role of Nursing and Nurse in the management in the hospital area.Descriptors: Coronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Pandemics; Nursing; Hospital Administration. ACCIONES TÉCNICAS Y DE GESTIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL HOSPITAL ISRAELÍ ALBERT EINSTEIN PARA ASISTIR A LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 Objetivo: informar la experiencia de liderar la implementación de acciones técnicas y de asistencia en un hospital para atender la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Informe de experiencia del desempeño como gerente en la implementación de acciones en el Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein para asistir a la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus. Resultados: se creó un Comité de Gestión de Crisis multiprofesional, que estableció acciones como la formación de un Centro de Inteligencia y un Centro de Epidemiología, así como para la estandarización de buenas prácticas y el uso de recursos. Conclusión: La participación en este momento pandémico en la experiencia de liderar acciones dirigidas a una mejor atención fue importante, reafirmando el papel de Enfermería y Enfermera en la gestión en el área hospitalaria.Descriptores: Coronavirus; Infecciones por Coronavirus; Pandemias; Enfermería; Administración Hospitalaria.
Impacto de um curso de especialização de gestão em saúde no trabalho dos egressos
Authors: Gontijo Tarcísio Laerte , Ferreira Marina Nagata , Moraes Juliano Teixeira , Duarte Sebastião Junior Henrique , Santos Carolina Fernandes
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto de um curso de especialização em gestão em saúde no trabalho do egresso. Método: Estudo de caso com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa envolvendo 121 egressos. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de escala validada e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e testes de associação de dados quantitativos e análise categorial temática para os qualitativos. Resultados: Foram identificados escores médios entre 4,2 e 4,6, identificando assim o impacto positivo do curso no trabalho dos egressos demonstrado pela melhor sistematização das práticas administrativas e de gestão de pessoas. Conclusões: O curso apresentou impacto positivo no trabalho dos egressos.Descritores: Gestão em saúde; Educação a Distância; Avaliação da saúde.Impact on work of a distance learning health management specialization courseObjective: To evaluate the impact of a specialization course on health management at work of the graduates. Method: Case study with quantitative and qualitative approach involving 121 graduates. Data collection was performed by applying validated scale and semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis and association tests of quantitative data and categorical thematic analysis were performed for the qualitative ones. Results: We identified average scores between 4.2 and 4.6, thus identifying the positive impact of the course on the work of graduates demonstrated by better systematization of administrative practices and people management. Conclusions: The course showed a positive impact on the work of graduating students.Descriptors: Health management, Education Distance, Health evalution.Impacto en el trabajo de un curso de especialización en gestión de la salud a distanciaObjetivo: evaluar el impacto de un curso de especialización en la gestión de la salud en el trabajo de los graduados. Método: Estudio de caso con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo con 121 graduados. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de escala validada y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y pruebas de asociación de datos cuantitativos y análisis temáticos categóricos para los cualitativos. Resultados: Identificamos puntajes promedio entre 4.2 y 4.6, identificando así el impacto positivo del curso en el trabajo de los graduados demostrado por una mejor sistematización de las prácticas administrativas y la gestión de personas. Conclusiones: El curso mostró un impacto positivo en el trabajo de los estudiantes graduados.Descriptores: Gestión de la salud, Educación a distancia, Evaluación en salud.
A insuficiência cardíaca em uma cidade brasileira mineira: um panorama epidemiológico de 10 anos
Authors: Da Costa Pereira Fernanda Ávila , Correia Dayse Mary Da Silva
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: identificar e analisar os principais desfechos secundários dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, no período de 2009 a 2019, em Juiz de Fora, região da zona mata mineira. Metodologia: estudo epidemiológico a partir de dados coletados de julho a agosto de 2019 no site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), de domínio público no Brasil. Foram selecionados como principais desfechos secundários: taxa de hospitalização, mortalidade e custo econômico associado ao tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca. Resultados: no período houve 16.338 internações, 1.280 óbitos e custos com despesas hospitalares que ultrapassaram os 22 milhões de reais. Conclusão: os dados confirmam o impacto da insuficiência cardíaca como uma doença crônica de alta taxa de internação hospitalar, mortalidade e de elevado custo. Descritores: Epidemiologia; Insuficiência Cardíaca; Hospitalização; Mortalidade; Brasil.  Objectives: To identify and analyze the main secondary outcomes of heart failure patients from 2009 to 2019 in Juiz de Fora, a Brazilian city of Minas Gerais. Methodology: Epidemiological study from data collected from July to August 2019 on the website of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), in the public domain in Brazil. The main secondary outcomes were selected: hospitalization rate, mortality and economic cost associated with the treatment of heart failure. Results: In the period there were 16,338 hospitalizations, 1,280 deaths and costs with hospital expenses that exceeded 22 million reais. Conclusion: The data confirm the impact of heart failure as a chronic disease with high hospitalization rate, mortality and high cost.Keywords: Epidemiology; Heart Failure; Hospitalization; Mortality; Brazil. Objetivos: Identificar y analizar los principales desfechos secundários dos pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca en el período de 2009 a 2019 en Juiz de Fora, ciudad brasileña de la región de la zona minera. Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico basado en datos colectados de julio a agosto de 2019 en el sitio del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud (DATASUS), del dominio público en Brasil. Se seleccionaron los principales resultados secundarios: tasa de hospitalización, mortalidad y costo económico asociado con el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca. Resultados: En el período hubo 16.338 hospitalizaciones, 1.280 muertes y costos con gastos hospitalarios que superaron los 22 millones de reales. Conclusión: Los datos confirman el impacto de la insuficiencia cardíaca como una enfermedad crónica con una alta tasa de hospitalización, mortalidad y alto costo.Descriptores: Epidemiologia; Insuficiência Cardíaca; Hospitalização Mortalidade Brasil.
Site-Selective, Chemical Modification of Protein at Aromatic Side Chain and Their Emergent Applications
Authors: Chowdhury Arnab , Chatterjee Saurav , Pongen Akumlong , Sarania Dhanjit , Tripathi Nitesh Mani , Bandyopadhyay Anupam
Published: January 2021

Site-selective chemical modification of protein side chain has probed enormous opportunities
in the fundamental understanding of cellular biology and therapeutic applications. Primarily,
in the field of biopharmaceuticals, the formulation of bioconjugates has been found to have more
potential than an individual constituent. In this regard, Lysine and Cysteine are the most widely
used endogenous amino acid for these purposes. Recently, the aromatic side chain residues (Trp,
Tyr, and His) that are low abundant in protein have gained more attention in therapeutic applications
due to their advantages of chemical reactivity and specificity. This review discusses the site-selective
bioconjugation methods for aromatic side chains (Trp, Tyr and His) and highlights the developed
strategies in the last three years, along with their applications. Also, the review highlights
the prevalent methods published earlier. We have examined that metal-catalyzed and photocatalytic
reactions are gaining more attention for bioconjugation, though their practical operation is under
development. The review has been summarized with the future perspective of protein and peptide
conjugations contemplating therapeutic applications and challenges.
Hydroalcoholic Extract of Solanum lycocarpum A. St. Hil. (Solanaceae) Leaves Improves Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Complications in Mice
Authors: Guimarães Victor Hugo Dantas , Basilio Silva Jéssica Nayara , de Freitas Daniela Fernanda , Filho Otávio Cardoso , da Silveira Luiz Henrique , Marinho Barbhara Mota , de Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista , Melo Geraldo Aclécio , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa
Published: January 2021

Background::

Solanum lycocarpum is a medicinal plant used in Brazil with hypoglycemic
activity by its fruits use. However, the fruits production is restricted in some periods of the
year, differently of leaves.

Objective::

To evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of S. lycocarpum leaves in alloxan-induced
diabetic mice.

Methods::

Hydroalcoholic extract of S. lycocarpum was characterized by phytochemical and GCMS
analysis. The Antidiabetic activity was assessed following treatment for 22 days with S. lycocarpum
extract at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg. Bodyweight, water, and food intake, glycemia, biochemical
parameters, anatomy-histopathology of the pancreas, liver and kidney, and expression of
target genes were analyzed. In addition, oral acute toxicity was evaluated.

Results::

Animals treated showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in glycemia following a dose of
125 mg/kg. Food intake remained similar for all groups. Decreased polydipsia symptoms were observed
after treatment with 250 (p < 0.001) and 500 mg/kg (p < 0.01) compared with diabetic control,
although normal rates were observed when 125 mg/kg was administered. A protective effect
was also observed in the pancreas, liver, and kidneys, through the regeneration of the islets. Hypoglycemic
activity can be attributed to myo-inositol, which stimulates insulin secretion, associated
with α-tocopherol, which prevents damage from oxidative stress and apoptosis of β-pancreatic
cells by an increased Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA expression.
The toxicological test demonstrated safe oral use of the extract under the present conditions.

Conclusion::

Hydroalcoholic extract of S. lycocarpum promotes the regulation of diabetes in the
case of moderate glycemic levels, by decreasing glycemia and exerting protective effects on the
islets.
Recent Progress of Deep Learning in Drug Discovery
Authors: Wang Feng , Diao XiaoMin , Chang Shan , Xu Lei
Published: January 2021

Deep learning, an emerging field of artificial intelligence based on neural networks in machine learning,
has been applied in various fields and is highly valued. Herein, we mainly review several mainstream architectures
in deep learning, including deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural
networks in the field of drug discovery. The applications of these architectures in molecular de novo design,
property prediction, biomedical imaging and synthetic planning have also been explored. Apart from that, we
further discuss the future direction of the deep learning approaches and the main challenges we need to address.
The Effect of Gastric pH on the Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of Naphthoquine in Rodents, as well as in Human Predicted Using a PBPK Model
Authors: Xie Yuewu , Liu Huixiang , Chen Xiaoyue , Xing Jie
Published: January 2021

Background:

Fixed-dose combination of artemisinin and naphthoquine (NQ) is a new artemisinin-
based combination therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum. NQ absorption has
been reported to be affected by food in humans.

Objectives:

The effect of gastric pH on NQ pharmacokinetics and antiplasmodial activity was investigated.

Methods:

The pharmacokinetic profiles of NQ were studied in healthy rodents after an oral dose of NQ with or
without gastric pH modulators, i.e., pentagastrin (stimulator) and famotidine (suppressant). The effect of gastric
pH on NQ exposures in humans was predicted using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model.
The effect of gastric pH on the antiplasmodial activity of NQ was evaluated in mice infected with Plasmodium
yoelii.

Results:

Neither pentagastrin nor famotidine affected NQ absorption (AUC0-t and Cmax) significantly (P > 0.05)
in rodents. The predicted PK profiles of NQ in humans did not show an effect of gastric pH. Compared to pure
NQ (ED90, 1.2 mg/kg), the combination with pentagastrin showed non-significantly (< 1.5-fold) higher antimalarial
potency (ED90, 1.1 mg/kg). Correspondingly, the elevation of gastric pH (up to pH 5) by famotidine
treatment resulted in a relatively weaker antimalarial potency for NQ (ED90, 1.4 mg/kg). Such a difference is
within the acceptable range of variability in NQ pharmacokinetics and antiplasmodial activity.

Conclusions:

Although the food was found to significantly impact NQ pharmacokinetics, other factors except
for gastric pH should account for the result, and the warning of careful use of NQ in patients with the acid-related
disease is not expected to be clinically meaningful.
Pro-inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress: Therapeutic Markers for Recurrent Angina Pectoris after Coronary Artery Stenting in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Zhou Hualan , Hu Youdong , Fang Xiang , Chen Ying
Published: January 2021

Background:

Pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress are related to severity of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective:

We evaluated the effects of pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress on recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting in elderly patients.

Methods:

We determined the expression levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein (ACR), tumour
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), paraoxonase-1
(PON-1), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in elderly
patients with recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting.

Results:

Levels of MDA, ACR, TNF-α and TLR4 were significantly increased (p<0.001), and levels of
SOD3, PON-1, SDF-1α and EPCs were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the elderly patients with
recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery stenting. MDA, ACR, TNF-α and TLR4 as markers of
oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators may have suppressed SOD3, PON-1, SDF-1α and
EPCs as markers of anti-oxidative stress/anti-inflammatory responses. Oxidative stress and proinflammatory
mediators were important factors involved in recurrent angina pectoris of elderly patients
after coronary artery stenting.

Conclusion:

Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators could be considered as potential noninvasive
prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers for stable recurrent angina and recurrent
unstable angina in elderly patients after coronary artery stenting.
Comparison the Effect of Arbidol Plus Hydroxychloroquine vs Hydroxychloroquine Alone in Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Khodashahi Rozita , Naderi Hamidreza , Bojdy Amin , Heydari Ali Akbar , Sani Ashraf Tavanaee , Ghabouli Mohammad Javad , Sarvghad Mohammad Reza , Haddad Mahboubeh , Arian Mahnaz , Jahanian Shahrzad , Mazidi Saeedeh , Pasand Maziar Mortazavi , Hoseini Binyamin , Dadgarmoghaddam Maliheh , Khorsand Ali , Khodashahi Mandana
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim:

The main challenging issue about coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) is the production of safe and stable vaccines, which is a very long process. Due to the
emergency situation, regular and extensive screening of available and traditional drugs, which are
commonly used for the treatment of similar viral diseases, can be a reasonable option. The present
study aimed to compare the administration of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) plus arbidol to the use of
HCQ alone in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.

Methods and Materials:

This single-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out on a total of
100 patients with COVID-19 referring to the infection ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad,
Iran, in 2020. The patients were randomly assigned to two HCQ alone and HCQ plus arbidol
groups.

Results:

According to the obtained results, hematological parameters, including white blood cell
count, hemoglobin level, lymphocyte count, and platelet count, improved in patients with
COVID-19 after the treatment with both HCQ plus arbidol and HCQ alone (P<0.005). The mean
values of the reduction time of C-reactive protein (CRP) were 4.48±1.24 and 8.22±2.08 days in the
arbidol and HCQ alone groups, respectively, indicating that CRP decreased faster in the arbidol
group than that reported for the HCQ alone group (Z=0.-7.85; P<0.000). The mean scores of hospital
stay were reported as 5.89±2.04 and 9.35±3.72 days in the arbidol and HCQ alone groups, respectively
(Z=-4.31; P<0.005). All the patients in the arbidol group survived, while 6% of the subjects
in the HCQ alone group died. In addition, the drug regimen was not changed for any patient,
and no subject was transferred to the intensive care unit in the arbidol group.

Conclusion:

In summary, the administration of both arbidol and HCQ leads to the improvement of
the hematological parameters. The present study introduced arbidol as an effective treatment for
moderate to severe patients with COVID-19, which not only reduced the time of CRP normalization
level but also decreased the hospitalization duration and mortality compared to those reported
for HCQ.
An Extremely Rare, Atypical and Genetically-undetermined Form of Osteopetrosis
Authors: Tetta Cecilia , Focaccia Marco , Bono Lea , Rimondi Eugenio , Spinnato Paolo
Published: January 2021

Introduction:

Osteopetrosis is an uncommon skeletal disorder characterized by generalized
sclerosis of bones due to defective osteoclast function. A wide variation in clinical severity of
the disease has been observed. Radiographic features and genetic testing are commonly used to diagnose
the condition.

Case Presentation:

In the present study, we present a case of an extremely rare, atypical and genetically-
undetermined form of Osteopetrosis.

Conclusion:

This patient had some clinical and radiological features of craniometaphyseal dysplasia
along with atypical radiological signs of osteopetrosis.
Anterior Knee Pain and Oedema-like Changes of the Suprapatellar Fat Pad: Correlation of the Symptoms with MRI Findings
Authors: Yasemin Kucukciloglu , Ozum Tuncyurek
Published: January 2021

Background:

The aetiology of anterior knee pain is multifactorial, and any patellofemoral
structure can be the cause of the symptoms.

Introduction:

For the last decades, the suprapatellar fat pad is studied as a potential cause of anterior
knee pain. Since the results in the literature are contradictory, in this study, we tried to reevaluate
the role of the suprapatellar fat pad in the development of anterior knee pain.

Methods:

Total 156 knee MRIs of 150 patients from December 2015 to July 2019 were retrospectively
evaluated by a radiologist for the configuration of the suprapatellar fat pads. The population
was divided into two groups according to the presence of anterior knee pain. Maximum craniocaudal,
anteroposterior and oblique diameters, and relative signal intensity indexes of the suprapatellar
fat pads were measured and compared between the groups. Configurations of the fat pads were recorded,
and measurements of the triangular-shaped and convex posterior bordered suprapatellar fat
pads were compared. A student t-test was used for statistical analysis. Statistically, significant differences
and correlations were defined as p<0.05.

Results:

The diameters and relative signal intensity indexes of the fat pads showed no significant
difference between the groups (p=0.588, 0.744, 0.874, and 0.201, respectively). Anteroposterior
and oblique diameters and relative signal intensity indexes of the suprapatellar fat pads were correlated
with the convex posterior border (p=0.001, 0.003, and 0.000, respectively).

Conclusion:

Oedema-like changes of the suprapatellar fat pad seen at knee MRIs are correlated
with the configuration of the fat pad but are rarely associated with anterior knee pain.
Morphological Changes in Cu2O Nanoshells During Photocatalysis
Authors: Yang Ailing , Wang Lele
Published: January 2021

Background:

It is meaningful to use semiconductor nanomaterials for degradation of organic compounds under irradiation of solar light.

Introduction:

Nano Cu2O is suitable for visible-light photocatalysis for the narrow band gap (~2.17 eV). However, few focus on the morphology changes of Cu2O in the process of photocatalysis.

Methods:

By two-step addition of reducer, porous Cu2O nanoshells (NSs) with almost 100% hollow structure were synthesized, characterized and used to photocatalyze MO in neutral solution at 30 C in air.

Results:

Cu2O NSs have high adsorption and good photocatalysis rates for MO. After photocatalysis, some new results were observed. Most chemical bonds of MO were broken, but part of sulfur containing group of MO left on the NSs. The morphology of Cu2O NSs was changed and lots of nanodebris was produced. Further experimental results showed some nanodebris was also observed after adsorption-desorption equilibrium (ADE). Without MO and only light irradiation of Cu2O suspension, little nanodebris appeared. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmittance electron microscope (STEM) and high-resolution transmittance electron microscope (HRTEM) proved the composite of the nanodebris is Cu2O. The nanodebris are the nanosheets dropped off from the Cu2O NSs.

Conclusion:

For the porous Cu2O NSs are composed of Cu2O nanosheets with exposed 111 facets, which have strongest adsorption ability for MO and strongest catalysis performance. Light irradiation sped up this interaction and led to the Cu2O nanosheets dropping off from the Cu2O NSs. For the strong interaction between Cu+ and S, part of sulfur containing group of MO left on the NSs after photocatalysis.
The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ogay Vyacheslav , Sekenova Aliya , Li Yelena , Issabekova Assel , Saparov Arman
Published: January 2021

AtheroscleroAtherosclerosis is a multifactorial and complex disease involving the arterial intima of
the circulatory system. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are diabetes mellitus, hypertension,
hyperlipidemic states, smoking, mental stress, unhealthy diet, and a lack of physical activity. Recent
studies have shown that dyslipidemia, inflammation and immune cells are involved in all stages of
the development of atherosclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous subset of multipotent
cells that can be isolated from nearly all human organs and tissues, and they possess both regenerative
and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem
cells are able to provide immunosuppressive, regenerative, and atheroprotective effects by reducing
dyslipidemia, inflammation and inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and plaque formation during
the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Based on these beneficial effects, mesenchymal
stem cells are considered a promising alternative therapeutic approach for the effective treatment
of atherosclerosis.sis is a multifactorial and complex disease involving the arterial intima of the circulatory system. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemic states, smoking, mental stress, unhealthy diet and a lack of physical activity. Recent studies have shown that dyslipidemia, inflammation and immune cells are involved in all stages of development of atherosclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous subset of multipotent cells that can be isolated from nearly all human organs and tissues, and they possess both regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells are able to provide immunosuppressive, regenerative and atheroprotective effects by reducing dyslipidemia, inflammation, and inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and plaque formation during the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Based on these beneficial effects, mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising alternative therapeutic approach for effective treatment of atherosclerosis.

In this review, we summarize the current findings on potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells for preventing and regressing atherosclerosis as well as discuss strategies for improving the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.

In this review, we summarize the current findings on potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells
for preventing and regressing atherosclerosis as well as discuss strategies for improving the efficacy
of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.
Current Perspectives on the Role of Nrf2 in 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gong Jiayi , Xu Huaxi
Published: January 2021

Background:

The antimetabolite, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), is the only chemotherapeutic drug to significantly
improve 12-month survival rates of patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC). However, resistance to 5-FU
is a major obstacle to effective treatment. The mechanism of 5-FU resistance has been discovered but is not fully
known. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of cellular defense against
oxidative and electrophilic stresses, is considered a major factor in 5-FU resistance.

Objective:

The current study was conducted to discuss the role and mechanisms of Nrf2 in 5-FU resistance and
to search for medicines or compounds that can reverse Nrf2-mediated 5-FU resistance.

Methods:

Literature was obtained by defining specific search terms and searching several databases.

Results:

Previous study suggested that overactivation of Nrf2 contributed to 5-FU resistance by regulating
many cytoprotective genes. Interestingly, several medicines and compounds can repress 5-FU resistance mediated
of Nrf2.

Conclusion:

This review describes the major 5-FU-resistance mechanisms of Nrf2 and summarizes the medicines/
compounds that can overcome them.
Clinical Signs, Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections in Infants
Authors: Firouzi Majid , Sherkatolabbasieh Hamidreza , Shafizadeh Shiva
Published: January 2021

:

Certain infectious diseases are common in infants than any other age groups and are associated with morbidities in childhood and adulthood, and even mortality in severe cases. Environment, epidemic and maternal immunity are the main causes of these infections. Early diagnosis using molecular methods and treatment is therefore important to prevent future complications. Vaccines are recommended during infancy and childhood to prevent these infections. This review highlights some of the most commonly reported viral infections in children, their clinical signs, prevention and treatment.
Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol
Authors: Rahul  , Siddique Yasir H.
Published: January 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington’s
disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic stroke have become a major health problem worldwide.
Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative
diseases and suggest them to be used as therapeutic agents. Kaempferol is found in many plants
such as tea, beans, broccoli, strawberries, and neuroprotective effects against the development of
many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease.
The present study summarizes the neuroprotective effects of kaempferol in various models of neurodegenerative
diseases. Kaempferol delays the initiation as well as the progression of neurodegenerative
disorders by acting as a scavenger of free radicals and preserving the activity of various antioxidant
enzymes. Kaempferol can cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), and therefore results in
an enhanced protective effect. The multi-target property of kaempferol makes it a potential dietary
supplement in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A Review on Identification Methods of Road Friction Coefficient
Authors: Qi Gengxin , Fan Xiaobin , Li Hao
Published: January 2021

Background:

The development of the tire/road friction coefficient measurement and estimation system has far-reaching significance for the active electronic control safety system of automobiles and is one of the core technologies for autonomous driving in the future.

Objective:

Estimating the road friction coefficient accurately and in real-time has become the leading research direction. Researchers have used different tools and proposed different algorithms and patents. These methods are widely used to estimate the road friction coefficient or other related parameters. This paper gives a comprehensive description of the research status in the field of road friction coefficient estimation.

Method:

According to the current research status of Chinese and foreign scholars in the field of road friction coefficient recognition, the recognition methods are mainly divided into two categories: Cause-based and Effect-based.

Results:

This literature review will discuss the existing two types of identification methods (Cause-based and Effect-based), and the applicable characteristics of each algorithm are analyzed.

Conclusion:

The two recognition methods are analyzed synthetically, and the development direction of road friction coefficient recognition technology is discussed.
Withdrawal Notice: Experimental Investigation and Economic Analysis of Solar Water Heater Fitted with Hindrance Promoter
Authors: Khargotra Rohit , Kumar Raj , Singh Tej
Published: January 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Recent Patents on Engineering; due
to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

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authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
The Evolutionary Significance of Generalist Viruses with Special Emphasis on Plant Viruses and their Hosts
Authors: Kumar Mayank , Bharti Ruchika , Ranjan Tushar
Published: January 2021

The host range of a virus is defined as the number of species a virus potentially infects. The specialist virus infects one or few related species while the generalist virus infects several different species, possibly in different families. Origin of generalist viruses from their specialist nature and the expansion of the host range of the generalist virus occur with the host shift event in which the virus encounters and adapts to a new host. Host shift events have resulted in the majority of the newly emerging viral diseases. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of generalist over specialist viruses and the unique features of plant viruses and their hosts that result in a higher incidence of generalist viruses in plants.
Improved Convolutional Neural Network and Heuristic Technique based
on Forecasting and Sizing of Hybrid Renewable Energy System
Authors: Kumar Manish , Kumari Sweta , Sinha Umesh Kumar , Jangir Sunil Kumar , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: January 2021

Aims & Objective:

The fast depletion of fossil fuels and the growing awareness of environmental protection has
become a concerning topic. Because of this fact, the researchers are working for a long time to generate electrical energy
sources due to the intermittent nature of unconventional energy sources such as solar, wind geothermal, tidal, and biomass
as a sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly alternative for conventional energy sources. These systems are
interconnected and full-fill demands as well as energy storage, which subsequently formed a complex hybrid renewable
energy system. Hence, forecasting of energy generation, sizing of equipment is essential for the economic feasibility of a
complex hybrid system. Also necessary for the design analysis.

Methodology:

In this research article, the proposed Functional Link Convolutional Neural Network (FLCNN) is applied to
forecast the energy generation from the hybrid solar and wind energy system. Also, the Jaya algorithm has been applied to
find the optimal sizing of the solar and wind based hybrid renewable energy system.

Results & Discussion:

The proposed method is simple in design and implementation, and it also reduces computational
complexity and time. The proposed FLCNN technique has been compared with various other Machine Learning (ML)
methodology, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Random Forest (RF), and Xg-Boost. In sizing, Jaya is
compared with other heuristic techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Cat
Swarm Optimization (CSO).

Conclusion:

The proposed FLCNN and Jaya optimization techniques successfully applied for tasks like energy forecasting
and sizing of the renewable energy system.
Carbapenem Resistance Among Common Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Isolates in Part of North-East India
Authors: Sharma Mohan , Chetia Pankaj , Puzari Minakshi , Neog Nakul , Phukan Upasana , Borah Amrit
Published: January 2021

Background:

Enterobacteriaceae, the normal dwellers in the human intestine, are commonly
associated with a variety of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. An emerging trend
of antibiotic resistance among these strains is a notable issue globally; a more serious threat is the resistance
against the available last resort antibiotics- the carbapenems.

Objective:

The objective of our study was intended to determine the burden of resistance towards
common antibiotic classes so as to address the gap of drug resistance prevalence data, among the Enterobacteriaceae
isolates obtained from the health settings in this region.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was done with an inclusion of clinical isolates collected from
varied sources from health settings in upper Assam. The isolates were identified based on standard
methods of morphology study and biochemical tests. The identified isolates were then subjected to antibiotic
susceptibility testing by following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and the result was
interpreted as per the CLSI guidelines. The resistance of the reported carbapenem-resistant isolates
was confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using a commercial E-strip
kit.

Results:

Among the enterobacterial isolates Klebsiella spp. accounted for the majority, followed by
Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Shigella spp. and others. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was noted
among 67.6% isolates; however, carbapenem resistance was confirmed in 18.9% of the total Enterobacteriaceae
isolates.

Conclusion:

Higher prevalence of resistance towards carbapenems, among the Enterbacteriaceae isolates
of upper Assam seems to be an upcoming threat to the region, limiting the treatment options in
the future.
Importance of Pre-treatment Fractional Anisotropy Value in Predicting Volumetric Response in Patients with Meningioma Treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
Authors: Cesme Dilek H. , Alkan Alpay , Sari Lutfullah , Yabul Fatma , Temur Hafize O. , Aykan Mahmut E. , Seyithanoglu Mehmet H. , Hatiboglu Mustafa A.
Published: January 2021

Background:

The importance of pre-treatment Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters
in determining the response to treatment after radiosurgery in patients with meningioma has
not yet been clearly revealed.

Objective:

This study was conducted to determine tumor volume changes in terms of radiological
response in patients with meningioma treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) and to analyze
the relationship between Total Tumor Volume (TTV) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters.
In addition, we investigated whether the response to treatment can be predicted by pre-radiosurgery
DTI findings.

Methods:

Fifty-four patients were assessed using MRI and DTI before and after GKR. Mean Diffusivity
(MD), Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Radial Diffusivity (RD), and TTV of tumour were determined.
Patients with 10% or more decrease in TTV after GKR were classified as group 1 and those
with less than 10% decrease in volume or increase in volume were considered group 2. The relationships
between MD, RD, and FA values and TTV were investigated.

Results:

A decrease of 46.34% in TTV was detected in group 1 after GKR, while TTV increased
by 42.91% in group 2. The lowest pre-treatment FA value was detected in group 1. In addition, after
GKR, FA values showed a significant increase in group 1. MD and RD values increased in both
groups after radiosurgery. There was a negative correlation between pre-treatment FA, RD, and
MD values after radiosurgery.

Conclusions:

Detection of low FA values due to the poor fiber content in meningioma before radiosurgery
may be a guide in predicting the response to treatment. Further studies are required to have
a better understanding of the relationship between pre- and post-treatment follow-up FA values and
tumor volume in determining the efficacy of GKR in patients with meningioma.