bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Arend Silvia Maria Fávero , Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo , Cunha Maria Teresa Santos
Published: June 2022

Editorial: Volume 14, Número 35, Ano 2022
Apresentação
Authors: Rezola Maria Inácia , Gonçalves Leandro Pereira
Published: June 2022

Apresentação do Dossiê Rompendo fronteiras: da história comparada à história transnacional
Digitization in Austrian small-town regions: opportunities and risks for spatial planning and development
Authors: Stroissnig Ulrike
Published: June 2022

The digitization of our society continues to progress, which comes with implications for cities and regions. This paper reviews the existing literature on digitization and spatial development. It then identifies the potentially concerned sectors of spatial development through re-interpreting the basic ‘functions of existence’ in the light of digitization. Expert interviews in three selected Austrian small-town regions inform the outcome of the paper: an extensive list of opportunities and risks through digitization in the fields of mobility, economy, tourism, environment, social infrastructure, local governance and planning.
Neuroeconomía agraria familiar: aplicación de la Jerarquía de Patrones Neuronales Emocionales en el sector de fibra de alpaca y papa nativa en Perú
Authors: Zúñiga Aguilar Isaac , Colom Gorgues Antonio , Cristóbal Fransi Eduard
Published: June 2022

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las decisiones neuroeconómicas de pequeños productores de fibra de  alpaca y papa nativa considerando la Teoría de la Jerarquía de Patrones Neuronales y el Modelo de la Memoria  Temporal. Se pretende medir el impacto en el nivel de  correlación de las competencias holísticas de innovación en el proceso de aprendizaje basado en el emprendimiento. Para ello se realizó una investigación de tipo experimental, transaccional, correlacional y descriptiva con una muestra de 88 individuos. Se aplicó una metodología de alineamiento de patrones neuronales emocionales. Los resultados muestran que (H1:Y0 > Y1), acentuando fibra de alpaca.
Queer N/Oceans: Vore and Child Abuse in Ananda Devi’s La vie de Joséphin le fou
Authors: Ireland Benjamin Hiramatsu
Published: June 2022

This article argues that in Ananda Devi’s La vie de Joséphin le fou (2003), the protagonist Joséphin assumes the form of a human-eel monster, engaging in acts of vorarephilia or “vore,” to satiate a murderous desire underwater. This analysis conceives Joséphin’s aquatic world as a paradoxically queer, abject, and maternal space in which Joséphin terrorizes two underage children as both their abductor and protector. Devi further reconfigures in her novel the archetype of the protective eel in Mauritian shamanistic practices by depicting Joséphin as a predatorial human-eel figure. Joséphin’s violence against the children as he assumes such a monstrous embodiment serves as a metaphor for child sexual abuse in Mauritius where, at the time of the novel’s publication, an estimated 2,600 children were victims of molestation.
A Madame Bovary for a New Millennium: Leïla Slimani’s Dans le jardin de l’ogre (2014)
Authors: Christiansen Hope
Published: June 2022

Best known for her 2016 suspense novel, Chanson douce, Leïla Slimani first attracted attention for her novel about a female sex addict, Dans le jardin de l’ogre. Having realized that women never figure in media accounts of sexual addiction, she immersed herself in Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina, François Mauriac’s Thérèse Desqueyroux, Joseph Kessel’s Belle de jour, and Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary. Reviewers of Dans le jardin de l’ogre often mention the latter in passing, and Slimani herself has identified Emma as one of her favorite heroines, but thus far there has been only one scholarly study that deals with specific connections between the two novels. While they seem unlikely bedfellows on the surface—Flaubert’s text is a traditional nineteenth-century roman de formation that unfolds in linear fashion, while Slimani’s is decidedly modern in subject and in its slippage back and forth in time—a close reading reveals numerous uncanny similarities in narrative technique, characterization, themes, and motifs. It is hard to imagine a more promising pairing to test Julia Kristeva’s theory that “tout texte se construit comme mosaïque de citations, tout texte est absorption et transformation d’un autre texte” (85). This study shows that Dans le jardin de l’ogre is one of those mosaics that has “absorbed” many of Madame Bovary’s salient features and “transformed” them into something quite modern and distinctive.
Marguerite Duras, le judaïsme et l’interdit du N/nom dans Le camion et La pluie d’été
Authors: Josephy Rebecca
Published: June 2022

In the script and film, Le camion (1977) by Marguerite Duras, a single biblical name – “Abraham” – emerges from a backdrop of indistinct characters and places. During the film, the name becomes taboo. Thirteen years later, a similar phenomenon occurs in La pluie d’été (1990) when the verse “I, son of David, King of Jerusalem” from Ecclesiastes repeats regularly throughout the text and generates a feeling of discomfort and embarrassment. Furthermore, in this novel, characters are “polynymous”, shifting from one identity to another, one name to another. Here, the act of naming is entirely unique and provokes a deep sense of fear that manifests in the text through the characters’ paroxysmal reactions: cries, screams, howls, and silence. The main focus of this article will be to study the source of this malaise and to determine the prohibitions and taboos that lead to this incredible loss of speech. Thus, in the first part of the article, I examine how and why Duras populates Le camion and La pluie d’été with biblical, Jewish names and the way in which “Abraham” and the “the son of David” in these works become concentrated into a single word and identity: “Jew” or Juden”. In the second part of the article, I explore how the characters’ paroxysmal reactions relate to the difficulty and importance of assigning a name, both in terms of individual identity, but also in terms of the prohibitions and interdictions against divine representation and verbalization in the Hebrew Bible.
Imperative Process Algebra with Abstraction
Authors:   Informatics Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Middelburg Cornelis A.
Published: June 2022

This paper introduces an imperative process algebra based on ACP (Algebra of Communicating Processes). Like other imperative process algebras, this process algebra deals with processes of the kind that arises from the execution of imperative programs. It distinguishes itself from already existing imperative process algebras among other things by supporting abstraction from actions that are considered not to be visible. The support of abstraction of this kind opens interesting application possibilities of the process algebra. This paper goes briefly into the possibility of information-flow security analysis of the kind that is concerned with the leakage of confidential data. For the presented axiomatization, soundness and semi-completeness results with respect to a notion of branching bisimulation equivalence are established.
pataBanana: A Web-Based Decision Support Application for Calculating the Fertilizer Amount Based on Soil Test Result
Authors: Barrios Exander T.
Published: June 2022

In the Philippines, the banana industry is one of best agricultural products and become a source of income for local Filipino farmers and foreign exchange earners for the country. In the Regional Research Agenda 2011-2016 issued by the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA), suitability of specific fertilizers on land/soil classes for varieties of bananas is one of the priorities. Researchers found out that agriculturists from Bureau of Soils and Water Management agency manually compute the fertilizer recommendation for a certain crop. The study aims to develop a web - based decision support application to assist agriculturists in calculating the exact amount of fertilizer by automating the computation process for fertilizer recommendation. The general formula given by the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) serves as the algorithm for calculation. Decision Support System is used for predicting the number of banana herbs to be planted and the number of hands and fingers to be harvested. Descriptive development method using Iterative process model was utilized in the study. The application was developed using PHP Laravel 5.3, semaphore API for the SMS feature and black box for testing procedure.
Non Indigenous Rhinoscleroma
Authors: Somu Prabakaran , Navin RB Namasivaya , Rajasekaran S , Anand Raghvi
Published: June 2022

Rhinoscleroma (RS) is a granulomatous illness of the upper respiratory tract caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. It is a rare, chronic, granulomatous disease. RS develops in the nasal mucosa subepithelium and can spread to the eustachian tube, maxillary antrum, oral cavity, larynx, orbit, trachea, and bronchi. The present case is of a 29-year-old female who came to the Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) outpatient department with chief complaints of bilateral nose block for six months. Examination by anterior rhinoscopy revealed pink nasal mucosa and a swelling arising from both sides of nasal septum, that was soft, non tender, did not bleed on touch. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed a midline septal mass which was present just posterior to mucocutaneous junction and a second septal mass was present posterior to first mass at level of posterior part of inferior turbinate. She underwent submucosal resection of septal mass and the same was sent for histopathological examination and it was diagnosed as features suggestive of RS. The patient was treated with a course of tablet ciprofloxacin, analgesics, antihistamines. There has been no recurrence during the one year follow-up period. Patient improved symptomatically and had no further complaints.
Improvement of Fruit Pubescence and Fruiting Pattern among Pure Lines and Landrace of Okra (Abelmoschus spp.) through Interspecific Hybridization
Authors: Enyi Jacob I. , Agbo Christian U. , Onyia Vincent N. , Okechukwu Emeka C.
Published: June 2022

The research study was aimed at improving fruit pubescence and growth pattern in the highly mucilaginous but very spiny local and wild okra variety - ‘Ele Ogwu’ through generic hybridization with selected glabrous conventional and early maturing varieties at the Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The hybrid seeds generated from their diallel crosses were selfed to generate the F2 seeds. Backcrosses (BC1 and BC2) were also made to the much improved and glabrous varieties. The parents, F1, F2 and BC genotypes were sown in an experimental field in a randomized complete block design and organoleptic assessment was done at harvest. The F2 hybrids from the crosses, ‘UHIE x CLM’ and ‘AGW x CLM’, yielded some smooth fruits; although most of the hybrids generated, exhibited intermediate smoothness, except for ‘OGW x UHIE’ and ‘OGW x LD88’ that exhibited high degree of spineness. Most of the F2 hybrids generated exhibited intermediate growth and fruiting pattern, except for ‘OGW x UHIE’ which showed indeterminate pattern. The Chi-square statistics for the F2 showed that fruit pubescence for the highly spiny landrace and the more glabrous improved ones was monogenically controlled with incomplete dominance, while growth pattern were polygenically controlled. The successful backcrosses obtained showed reduction in the proportion of fruits spininess and increased fruit determinate growth pattern. This hereby indicates the prospect of obtaining okra plants with glabrous, highly appealing and determinate growth pattern with early maturity from the local, wild spiny but mucilaginous, nutritious and high yielding local varieties through sustained hybridization programme.
Outcome of Laparoscopic Management of Undisturbed Ectopic Pregnancy Versus Medical Management
Authors: Shora Sara A. El , EL-Shawikh Sherief L. , El-gergawy Adel E. , Mohamed Mostafa Z.
Published: June 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is major health problem that women experience during reproductive years. The most frequent type of EP is tubal pregnancy, while non-tubal and heterotopic extra-uterine pregnancies are rare. Recently; ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed before patient's clinical state is worsened.

Aim: was to compare outcome of laparoscopic therapy of undisturbed adenexial ectopic pregnancy versus medical therapy by methotrexate.

Methods: This randomized controlled clinical study on 50 patients attending outpatient clinic and inpatient at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology -Tanta University Hospital. The study participants included women who underwent laparoscopy or underwent medical therapy with MTX for undisturbed adenexial ectopic pregnancy. We analyzed data of 50 women 25treated with single dose MTX and 25 cases treated with laparoscopy for undisturbed adenexial ectopic pregnancy between 2020and 2021. Success of treatment in laparoscopy group was deﬁned as significant decrease in one week post-therapeutic quantitative β- HCG, while in MTX group success of treatment was defined as decrease in BHCG level more than15% between day 4 and day 7, with no need for surgical intervention..

Results: Success of treatment in laparoscopy group (23cases, 92%) and (18 cases, 72%) in methotrexate group, no statistically significant difference between two groups (p=0.306). In methotrexate group the 7 cases who had failed medical therapy, underwent laparoscopy. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding persistent trophoblast (p=0.490), as two (8%) cases in laparoscopy group, while no cases in methotrexate group.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery is as effective as methotrexate therapy for conservative therapy of undisturbed adenexial ectopic pregnancy and methotrexate has advantage of being non-invasive procedure.
Effect of Trade Openness and Real Exchange Rate on Economic Growth in Tanzania
Authors: Sanjo Goodwill John , Sende Ngong’ho Bujiku , Mpeta Innocent Fabiano
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of trade openness and real exchange rate on economic growth in Tanzania. Secondary time series data collected annually for consecutive 47 years since 1970 to 2016 were analyzed. The study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to assess the long-run and short-run effects of trade openness, real exchange rate, and foreign direct investment on Real Gross Domestic Product. The results from analysis reveal the evidence on one hand that trade openness has a positive significant effect on economic growth in both the short and long-run, but real exchange rate and foreign direct investment have a positive significant effect in the long run on the other. As it was estimated that with trade openness more trade is developed in terms of exports and imports which in turn boosts the economy. The study recommends that, there is the need for country to support the domestic industrial development to produce more goods and services.
An Automated Warehouse Management System
Authors: Tulaskar Dhiraj P. , Kale Pawan D. , Nemane Shon G. , Sharma Ayush J. , More Pradnya
Published: June 2022

The impact of a warehouse management system on supply chain performance is investigated in this study, to create a less resource-intensive, more efficient, and dependable inventory management system. Before designing the software to manage the required transactions, the warehouse's supply chain operations were analyzed. The software was evaluated for its ability to optimize workflow and provide timely and effective service. The data was collected from a Jordanian telecoms service provider's warehouse. Furthermore, the facility layout was assessed, and a manufacturing station was built within the warehouse, resulting in improved warehouse area optimization and use. Bundling, labeling, and repackaging are the three procedures of the production station. Product receipt, processing, and delivery are all handled by the system. Each stage of the product lifecycle was thoroughly investigated, and defects in the process and procedure were discovered. Some scholars may use this work as a practical reference and an example to compare Jordan's telecoms sector's software inventory management system to the traditional manual system. It also draws attention to the gap between theory and reality to encourage academics to create and tailor innovative supply chain disruption mitigation solutions.
Implications of cognitive‐oriented language within posttrauma nightmare narratives
Authors: Meador Cass , Paquet Caitlin B. , Cogan Chelsea M. , Davis Joanne L.
Published: June 2022

While rescription‐based therapies are effective treatments for chronic post‐trauma nightmares, mechanisms of change have not yet been defined. We examined the relationship between the use of cognitive‐related words in nightmare narratives and the posttraumatic cognitions inventory (PTCI) in a sample of 25 trauma‐exposed individuals undergoing rescription therapy for post‐trauma nightmares. In addition to exploring the relationship between different types of cognitive language use and PTCI scores, the relationship between changes in their frequency of use and post‐trauma cognitions were also analyzed. We found that cognitive language use as a whole in addition to the subcategories of tentative, discrepancy, and insight words within the nightmare are significantly negatively related to baseline PTCI scores, while analytic language use was positively correlated. However, cognitive language use in the rescription did not relate to PTCI scores post‐treatment. Furthermore, changes in the of use cognitive language, between the nightmare and the rescription, are significantly negatively associated with severity of posttraumatic cognitions at the post‐assessment. These results demonstrate the importance of understanding cognitive language in nightmare imagery as it may relay important information about treatment outcomes.
High‐Performance Neuromorphic Computing Based on Ferroelectric Synapses with Excellent Conductance Linearity and Symmetry
Authors: Yang Shu‐Ting , Li Xing‐Yu , Yu Tong‐Liang , Wang Jie , Fang Hong , Nie Fang , He Bin , Zhao Le , Lü Wei‐Ming , Yan Shi‐Shen , Nogaret Alain , Liu Gang , Zheng Li‐Mei
Published: June 2022

Artificial synapses can boost neuromorphic computing to overcome the inherent limitations of von Neumann architecture. As a promising memristor candidate, ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJ) enable the authors to successfully emulate spike‐timing‐dependent synapses. However, the nonlinear and asymmetric synaptic weight update under repeated presynaptic stimulation hampers neuromorphic computing by favoring the runaway of synaptic weights during learning. Here, the authors demonstrate an FTJ whose conductivity varies linearly and symmetrically by judiciously combining ferroelectric domain switching and oxygen vacancy migration. The artificial neural network based on this FTJ‐synapse achieves classification accuracy of 96.7% during supervised learning, which is the closest to the maximum theoretical value of 98% achieved to date. This artificial synapse also demonstrates stable unsupervised learning in a noisy environment for its well‐balanced spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity response. The novel concept of controlling ionic migration in ferroelectric materials paves the way toward highly reliable and reproducible supervised and unsupervised learning strategies.
Engineering Location and Supports of Atomically Ordered L10‐PdFe Intermetallics for Ultra‐Anticorrosion Electrocatalysis
Authors: Shen Tao , Gong Mingxing , Xiao Dongdong , Shang Tongtong , Zhao Xu , Zhang Jian , Wang Deli
Published: June 2022

Exploring efficient Pd‐based materials with anticorrosion performance in acidic medium is still challenging for electrocatalysis. Herein, yolk‐shell L10‐PdFe@C nanoreactors are constructed to enhance the anticorrosive performance and activity toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Benefited from engineering supports and location of L10‐PdFe nanoparticles, the stability toward ORR is significantly improved during accelerated degradation tests (ADT) in both acidic and alkaline mediums, outperforming that of state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C catalysts. As evidenced by the structural characterizations, the active Pd sites in porous L10‐PdFe@C nanoreactors are well reserved with structure ordered PdFe intermetallics and redeposited Pd nanoparticles, while carbon supported Pd/C and PdFe/C nanoparticles go through severe corrosion and growth after ADT. This work provides a strategy to enhance the durability of catalysts through combining the merits of nanoreactors and ordered intermetallics.
Boosting Activity and Stability of Electrodeposited Amorphous Ce‐Doped NiFe‐Based Catalyst for Electrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Liu Yang , Mu Xulin , Jang Haeseong , Lei Zhanwu , Jiao Shuhong , Yan Pengfei , Kim Min Gyu , Cao Ruiguo
Published: June 2022

NiFe‐based hydroxides are considered as promising nonprecious catalysts for water oxidation due to their low cost and easy preparation. However, the rational design of NiFe‐based electrocatalysts remains a great challenge to address the sluggish reaction kinetics and severe deactivation problems for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, the authors report a facile approach to fabricate an amorphous Ce‐doped NiFe hydroxide catalyst, which enables high activity and outstanding stability toward OER in alkaline media. The overpotential of electrodeposited amorphous Ce‐doped NiFe is only 195 mV at 10 mA cm−2. Meanwhile, the durability of the amorphous Ce‐doped NiFe is maintained for 300 h at 100 mA cm−2. The comprehensive characterization results reveal that the improved electrochemical performance of the amorphous Ce‐doped NiFe catalyst is originated from the favorable oxidation transition of active sites enabled by Ce‐doping. It is a very good strategy to introduce highly oxidized state ions to regulate the NiFe‐based catalyst to improve the catalytic activity and stability.
High‐Concentration Additive and Triiodide/Iodide Redox Couple Stabilize Lithium Metal Anode and Rejuvenate the Inactive Lithium in Carbonate‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Wen Zuxin , Fang Wenqiang , Wu Xiaoyu , Qin Zuoyu , Kang Hong , Chen Long , Zhang Ning , Liu Xiaohe , Chen Gen
Published: June 2022

Carbonate‐based electrolytes are incompatible with lithium (Li) metal anode because the generated solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) undergoes repeated breakage‐repair, resulting in the accumulation of inactive Li including Li+ compounds and electrically isolated dead Li0 in the SEI. Therefore, exploiting a suitable strategy to construct a stable SEI while efficiently rejuvenating the inactive Li capacity is urgent and more thoughtful than just building a stereotyped SEI layer. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed of high‐concentration additive (HCA) of LiNO3 inspired by (localized) high‐concentration electrolyte and inactive Li restoration methodology via triiodide/iodide (I3−/I−) redox couple to improve the compatibility of carbonate‐based electrolytes. The HCA of LiNO3 can maintain the cation–anion aggregates solvation structures in the carbonate‐based bulk electrolyte and induce the in situ formation of superior‐ionic‐conductivity NO3−‐derived SEI. Moreover, the reversible I3−/I− redox couple can further optimize the SEI and constantly rejuvenate the inactive Li including solvent/LiNO3‐derived Li2O, a derivative has almost been acquiescent in LiNO3‐additive electrolytes, and dead Li0 into delithiated cathode. Consequently, epitaxy‐like planar Li deposition, better reversibility, and higher capacity retention can be realized and are systematically verified by Li||Cu half cells, full cells with excess/limited Li (N/P ratio = 1.5) and anode‐free lithium metal batteries.
High‐Performance Thermoelectric Material and Module Driven by Medium‐Entropy Engineering in SnTe
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Guo Zhe , Wang Ruoyu , Tan Xiaojian , Song Kun , Sun Peng , Hu Haoyang , Cui Chen , Liu Guo‐Qiang , Jiang Jun
Published: June 2022

The emerged strategy of entropy engineering provides new ideas for realizing high‐performance thermoelectric materials, but it is still much unresolved how to achieve delicate trade‐off between the carrier mobility mH and the lattice thermal conductivity κph in taking advantage of configurational entropy ΔS. Herein, the significant advances of ultralow κph yet decent mH in a new medium‐entropy system of well‐designed (Pb, Ge, Sb, Cd) co‐alloyed SnTe is reported. Moreover, the co‐alloying also optimizes the carrier concentration nH and promotes the valence band convergence, thereby yielding an excellent Seebeck coefficient and compensating for decreased electrical conductivity. Consequently, a high peak ZT of 1.5 at 800 K, a record average ZT of 0.84 (300−800 K), and a remarkable Vickers hardness of 134 HV are concurrently attained in Cd0.02(Sn0.59Pb0.15Ge0.2Sb0.06)0.98Te. Benefiting from the synergistically increased ZT and mechanical strength, the fabricated 17‐couple SnTe‐based thermoelectric module exhibits a competitive conversion efficiency of 6.3% at ΔT = 350 °C. This study not only provides a paradigm of the medium‐entropy design for thermoelectric materials but also puts forward an innovative scheme for low‐grade heat harvest by SnTe‐based TE module.
Self‐Healing and Light‐Soaking in MAPbI3: The Effect of H2O
Authors: Ceratti Davide Raffaele , Tenne Ron , Bartezzaghi Andrea , Cremonesi Llorenç , Segev Lior , Kalchenko Vyacheslav , Oron Dan , Potenza Marco Alberto Carlo , Hodes Gary , Cahen David
Published: June 2022

The future of halide perovskites (HaPs) is beclouded by limited understanding of their long‐term stability. While HaPs can be altered by radiation that induces multiple processes, they can also return to their original state by “self‐healing.” Here two‐photon (2P) absorption is used to effect light‐induced modifications within MAPbI3 single crystals. Then the changes in the photodamaged region are followed by measuring the photoluminescence, from 2P absorption with 2.5 orders of magnitude lower intensity than that used for photodamaging the MAPbI3. After photodamage, two brightening and one darkening process are found, all of which recover but on different timescales. The first two are attributed to trap‐filling (the fastest) and to proton‐amine‐related chemistry (the slowest), while photodamage is attributed to the lead‐iodide sublattice. Surprisingly, while after 2P‐irradiation of crystals that are stored in dry, inert ambient, photobrightening (or “light‐soaking”) occurs, mostly photodarkening is seen after photodamage in humid ambient, showing an important connection between the self‐healing of a HaP and the presence of H2O, for long‐term steady‐state illumination, practically no difference remains between samples kept in dry or humid environments. This result suggests that photobrightening requires a chemical‐reservoir that is sensitive to the presence of H2O, or possibly other proton‐related, particularly amine, chemistry.
High‐Conductivity Crack‐Free 3D Electrical Interconnects Directly Printed on Soft PDMS Substrates
Authors: Brenneman Jacob , Tansel Derya Z. , Fedder Gary K. , Panat Rahul
Published: June 2022

Nanoparticle 3D printing and sintering is a promising method to achieve freeform interconnects on compliant substrates for applications such as soft robotics and wearable healthcare devices. However, previous strategies to sinter metallic nanoparticles while preserving the soft polymer substrate are rife with problems such as cracking and low conductivity of the metallic features. In this paper, the mechanisms of cracking in nanoparticle‐based 3D printed and sintered stretchable interconnects are identified and architecture and processing strategies are demonstrated to achieve crack‐free interconnects fully embedded in thin (<100 μm in thickness) stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with external connectivity. Capillary forces between nanoparticles developed through rapid solvent evaporation in the colloidal ink is hypothesized to initiate cracking during drying. Additionally, the presence of oxygen promotes the removal of organic surfactants and binders in the nanoparticle ink which increases nanoparticle agglomeration, grain growth, and subsequently conductivity. An experimental step‐wise variation of the thermal/atmospheric process conditions supports this hypothesis and shows that the presence of air during a low temperature drying step reduces the capillary stress to produce crack‐free interconnects with high conductivities (up to 56% of bulk metal) while having an excellent compatibility with the underlying polymer materials. Finally, stretchable interconnects fully‐encapsulated in PDMS polymer, with 3D pillar architectures for external connectivity are demonstrated, thus also solving an important “last‐mile” problem in the packaging of stretchable electronics.
Plant‐Based Substrate Materials for Flexible Green Electronics
Authors: Hwang Youngkyu , Kim Min Ku , Zhao Ze , Kim Bongjoong , Chang Taehoo , Fan Teng Fei , Ibrahim Mohammed Shahrudin , Suresh Subra , Lee Chi Hwan , Cho Nam‐Joon
Published: June 2022

With the increasing use of soft and flexible electronics, there is a growing need to develop substrate materials that mitigate potential environmental risks associated with non‐degradable electronics waste from synthetic substrate materials. To address this issue, the authors develop a novel, 2D plant‐based substrate termed “sporosubstrate”, which is made of non‐allergenic natural pollen. The pollen particle has a double‐layered architecture with an ultra‐tough sporopollenin exine, and a soft cellulose intine is engineered through an eco‐friendly process. In this manner, a readily available, economical, biodegradable, and biocompatible microgel can be prepared. This microgel can be used to create a variety of flexible shapes with customized mechanical, geometrical, electronic, and functional properties and performance characteristics such as thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability and optical transparency. Moreover, the authors demonstrate here different applications of the flexible natural substrate made of pollen microgel for use in electronic devices for health monitoring and wearable wireless heating. The results of this work point to opportunities for the development of a new class of flexible green electronics based on plant‐based materials in applications such as wearable sensors, implantable devices, and soft robotics.
Forming‐Free, Self‐Compliance, Bipolar Multi‐Level Resistive Switching in WO3–xBased MIM Device
Authors: Rudrapal Krishna , Bhattacharya Gourab , Adyam Venimadhav , Roy Chaudhuri Ayan
Published: June 2022

Resistive switching (RS) in metal oxides, which offers self‐compliance and multiple resistance states without the requirement of any high voltage forming step, holds the potential of application in selector less high density resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices. Typically, operation of metal oxide‐based RS devices requires the integration of additional oxide layers or circuit elements to achieve current compliance and complicated device architecture for high‐density memory applications. In this study, a self‐compliance, and multi‐level RS is demonstrated that does not require high voltage forming in a single layer non‐stoichiometric WO3–x. This study suggests that high oxygen vacancy (VO) concentration in the pristine WO3–xlayer leads to its forming‐free filamentary switching characteristics, whereas reversible formation and annihilation of an oxygen‐rich region in the filament at the WO3–x/Pt junction has been envisaged to be responsible for self‐compliance set and voltage controlled multiple reset resistance states. The results demonstrate non‐stoichiometric WO3–xwith an active metal/oxide interface permeable to reversible oxygen migration can pave the way for producing high density, reliable RRAM devices.
Solar Energy in Space Applications: Review and Technology Perspectives
Authors: Verduci Rosaria , Romano Valentino , Brunetti Giuseppe , Yaghoobi Nia Narges , Di Carlo Aldo , D'Angelo Giovanna , Ciminelli Caterina
Published: June 2022

Solar cells (SCs) are the most ubiquitous and reliable energy generation systems for aerospace applications. Nowadays, III–V multijunction solar cells (MJSCs) represent the standard commercial technology for powering spacecraft, thanks to their high‐power conversion efficiency and certified reliability/stability while operating in orbit. Nevertheless, spacecraft companies are still using cheaper Si‐based SCs to amortize the launching costs of satellites. Moreover, in recent years, new SCs technologies based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as promising candidates for aerospace power systems, because of their appealing properties such as lightweightness, flexibility, cost‐effective manufacturing, and exceptional radiation resistance. In this review the current advancements and future challenges of SCs for aerospace applications are critically discussed. In particular, for each type of SC, a description of the device's architecture, a summary of its performance, and a quantitative assessment of the radiation resistance are presented. Finally, considering the high potential that 2D‐materials (such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have in improving both performance and stability of SCs, a brief overview of some important results concerning the influence of radiation on both 2D materials‐based devices and monolayer of 2D materials is also included.
Chromosome 1q21 aberrations identify ultra high‐risk myeloma with prognostic and clinical implications
Authors: Kastritis Efstathios , Migkou Magdalini , Dalampira Dimitra , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Fotiou Despina , Roussou Maria , Kanellias Nikolaos , Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos Ioannis , Malandrakis Panagiotis , Theodorakakou Foteini , Sevastoudi Aggeliki , Eleutherakis‐Papaiakovou Evangelos , Triantafyllou Theodora , Terpos Evangelos , Katodritou Eirini , Dimopoulos Meletios A.
Published: June 2022

Numerical abnormalities of chromosome 1q (+1q21) are common in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) but their prognostic impact remains a matter of debate. In addition, the impact of the number of copies of 1q21 is not known. We analyzed 912 consecutive patients with symptomatic MM to evaluate the prognostic implications of +1q21 and of their copy number variations, as assessed by FISH. At the time of initial diagnosis, 249 (27.3%) patients had +1q21, of which 150 (16.4%) had 3 copies and 99 (10.9%) had 4 or more copies. Presence of +1q21 was associated with advanced ISS stage (p = .003), concurrent presence of other cytogenetics aberrations and advanced R‐ISS stage (p < .001). Patients with +1q21 had inferior PFS (median 34 vs. 20 months, p < .001) and OS (median 75 vs. 44 months, p < .001) but the copy number of 1q21 had no additional prognostic impact. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for R‐ISS, age, treatment and HDM, +1q21 remained an independent prognostic factor both for PFS (p < .001) and OS (p = .008). The detrimental prognostic effect of +1q21 was more profound in R‐ISS‐3 patients, identifying a subgroup with OS of just 16 months (vs. 46 for R‐ISS‐3 without +1q21, p < .001). We further validated our findings in an independent cohort of 272 patients. In conclusion, the presence of +1q21 is associated with more advanced disease, inferior PFS, and OS but especially patients with R‐ISS‐3 disease and +1q21 have a very poor outcome comprising an ultra‐high‐risk group.
Hybrid reinforcement of styrene‐butadiene rubber nanocomposites with carbon black, silica, and graphene
Authors: Pirityi Dávid Zoltán , Bárány Tamás , Pölöskei Kornél
Published: June 2022

The complex structure of tyres makes them hard to recycle economically; hence, it is crucial to minimize the generation of tyre waste. Nano‐reinforcement, such as graphene, has the potential to increase the abrasion resistance of rubber and thus their lifespan as well. In this research, hybrid styrene‐butadiene rubber‐based (SBR) nanocomposites reinforced with carbon black, silica and various amounts of graphene nanoplatelets are investigated with great emphasis on their combined effects on the mechanical properties of the rubber samples. Sixty‐five phr of precipitated silica can holistically improve the properties of SBR. However, further addition of carbon black and graphene nanoplatelets to silica‐containing samples do not benefit the properties of the samples. Further studies on the compatibilization of silica with carbon‐based reinforcement are necessary. On the other hand, graphene and carbon black constitute an effective hybrid reinforcement system. The tensile strength and elongation at break of SBR are improved by almost 100% with 10 phr of graphene nanoplatelets in combination with 10 phr of carbon black. However, the abrasion resistance of samples was negatively influenced by the addition of graphene nanoplatelets whenever it was added in combination with other fillers. Silica was particularly effective in increasing the abrasion resistance of rubber.
Polystyrene nanospheres coated red phosphorus flame retardant for polyamide 66
Authors: Chen Xingdong , Lan Wei , Dou Wei
Published: June 2022

As a halogen‐free flame retardant, red phosphorus (RP) is unstable in air due to its slow oxidation. The shortcomings of RP include strong water absorbing proneness, high friction sensibility and poor thermal stability. The characteristics of polystyrene (PS) are thermostability and fluidity in melt, which can improve the compatibility of RP and the organic matrixes. Using PS as a coating material can improve the characteristics of strong water absorbing proneness of RP. Herein, the polystyrene nanospheres coated RP (PSNS@RP) flame retardant was successfully prepared via emulsion polymerization of styrene. The result shows that the release of phosphine from the PSNS@RP is greatly reduced. The ignition point is increased by about 200°C, and the moisture absorption rate can be reduced by 40 times. The effect of PSNS@RP on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of polyamide 66 (PA66) were studied in detail. Compared with PA66, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PSNS@RP/PA66 composite is increased from 24.8% to 34.2%. The flame retardant grade is enhanced to be UL94 V‐0. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) is decreased from 1444.5 to 420.9 kW m−2, the total heat release (THR) is decreased from 145.8 to 94.2 MJ m−2, and the total smoke production (TSP) is also reduced by 35%. Therefore, the as‐synthesized PSNS@RP has excellent flame retardant and smoke‐suppressing properties for PA66.
A self‐healing waterborne poly(urethane‐urea) on reversible covalent interaction for textile breathable coating
Authors: Chen Shu‐Yi , Cai Sheng‐Yo , Chuang Fu‐Sheng , Rwei Syang‐Peng
Published: June 2022

The solvent‐free self‐healable waterborne poly(urethane‐urea) (SH‐WPU) product is environmentally friendly due to its lower volatile organic compounds emission during the coating process. This research revealed a strategy for breathable textile coating, that longer product life of SH‐WPU coated fabric based on the self‐healing dynamics that triggered by disulfide bond rearrangement upon temperature elevation (e.g., textile ironing). SH‐WPU was synthesized with 4,4′‐methylenebis cyclohexyl isocyanate as hard segment, (poly(propylene oxide)‐b‐poly (ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly (propylene oxide) triblock copolymer as soft segment. 4,4'‐Dithiodianiline (DTDA), and 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid were used as the chain‐extenders. The self‐healing efficiency was tested by simulated ironing condition. The SH‐WPU that contained 7.5 wt% of DTDA shown the highest recovery efficiency of stress at break by tensile test. The SH‐WPU coated fabric showed excellent recovery with the DTDA concentration from 4.5 to 7.5 wt% by the water pressure resistance test by disulfide and hydrogen bond rearrangement at elevated temperature. The results indicated the promising potential of SH‐WPU for breathable textile coating applications to not only overcome the damage under extreme weather conditions but also render the textile repairable by ironing.
Cellulose nanofiber reinforced starch film with rapid disintegration in marine environments
Authors: Soni Raghav , Hsu Yu‐I , Asoh Taka‐Aki , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: June 2022

Floating plastic debris in the ocean creates major environmental problems and threatens marine life. Conventional marine‐degradable plastics can remain in seawater for many years due to their strength and stability. In this study, we prepared a cellulose nanofiber‐reinforced starch film that rapidly degrades in marine environments. (2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO) mediated oxidation was performed to prepare highly fibrillated TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TCNF). The TCNF was blended with cationic starch (CS) to develop a TCNF/CS film, which exhibited adequate mechanical strength (~50 MPa) and freshwater durability. In contrast, the neat TCNF and CS films collapsed in freshwater. Results showed that the TCNF/CS film disintegrated and lost its strength and stability in seawater. The wet strength of the TCNF/CS film decreased to ~50 kPa after 28 days of seawater immersion, while that of the neat TCNF film was steady at a wet strength of ~25 MPa due to ionic crosslinking. Owing to its rapid disintegration ability in marine environments, the TCNF/CS film is a potential next‐generation packaging material that can help address the problem of floating debris.
Phase II/III Results of a Trial of Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Multivalent NANOBODY Compound Ozoralizumab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Takeuchi Tsutomu , Kawanishi Masafumi , Nakanishi Megumi , Yamasaki Hironori , Tanaka Yoshiya
Published: June 2022

Objective

To assess the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous administration of 30 mg or 80 mg of ozoralizumab plus methotrexate (MTX) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) whose disease remained active despite MTX therapy.

Methods

In this multicenter, double‐blind, parallel‐group, placebo‐controlled phase II/III trial, 381 patients were randomized to receive placebo, ozoralizumab 30 mg, or ozoralizumab 80 mg, plus MTX subcutaneously injected every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. The primary end points were the response rates based on the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (ACR20) at week 16 and change in the Sharp/van der Heijde score (ΔSHS) from baseline to week 24.

Results

The proportion of patients with an ACR20 response at week 16 was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in both ozoralizumab groups (79.6% for 30 mg, 75.3% for 80 mg), compared with placebo (37.3%); these improvements were observed from the first week of treatment. The proportion of the patients with structural nonprogression (ΔSHS ≤0) was significantly higher in both ozoralizumab groups than in the placebo group. For some secondary end points, significantly greater improvements were observed starting from as early as day 3. Serious adverse events occurred in 4 patients in the ozoralizumab 30‐mg group and 5 patients in the ozoralizumab 80‐mg group.

Conclusion

In patients with active RA who received ozoralizumab in combination with MTX, the signs and symptoms of RA were significantly reduced as compared with the outcomes in those receiving placebo. Ozoralizumab demonstrated acceptable tolerability with no new safety signals when compared with other antibodies against tumor necrosis factor.
Price sensitivity, government green interventions, and green product availability triggers intention toward buying green products
Authors: Srivastava Vibhava , Gupta Amit Kumar
Published: June 2022

In the 21st century, environmental problems are wreaking havoc, and sustainability is now of primary importance. Several external factors like population growth, industrialization, development, and overexploitation of natural resources play a crucial role in environmental degradation. Thus, the present study endeavors to explore the impact of price sensitivity, governments green interventions and green product availability on green buying intention through the lenses of the theory of planned behavior and the theory of consumption values. It also intends to examine the moderating effect of demographic factors on green buying intention. A cross‐sectional study was carried out. Responses were gathered through a self‐administered questionnaire‐based survey. The final data set of 708 respondents were subjected to structural equation modeling for hypothesis testing. Price sensitivity, government green interventions, and green product availability show negative and significant interaction effects. Perceived behavioral control shows a relatively more substantial impact on green buying intention. Indian consumers from the age group of 41–50 years relatively have higher intention toward green buying. Overall, gender does not reveal any different approaches to environmentally friendly products. Green marketers must focus on communicating the availability of green products to reduce perceived difficulty.
Helical Packing Columns for Preventing Foam Formation: Experimental and Numerical Investigations
Authors: Nesme Anuhar Osorio , Hohagen Hans , Topic Nikola , Thünnesen Julian , Mobarak Mohammad , Lyu Wenjing , Jahn Alexander , Kim Sedong , Delgado Antonio
Published: June 2022

Unwanted foaming and liquid bridging inside structured packings have a negative effect on the pressure drop during thermal separation processes. A novel helical design of a packing column for preventing foaming is presented. The effective interfacial area is calculated by numerical simulations. Different designs are analyzed by varying geometrical parameters such as helix pitch, channel opening angle, and number of channels. Different F‐factor values and liquid loads are evaluated. Packings with larger helix pitch exhibited lower pressure drop and reduced effective interfacial area. Smaller channel opening angles increased the pressure drop and promoted unstable flow conditions. The novel packings show lower effective interfacial area than existing structured packings, but no foaming was observed in a wide range of operating conditions.
Electrochemical Grafting of a Pyridinium‐Conjugated Assembly on Graphite for H2O2 Electrochemical Production
Authors: Ma Rui , Zhang Zhengping , Iyoda Tomokazu , Wang Feng
Published: June 2022

Carbon materials have shown great promise as cost‐effective electrocatalysts for H2O2 electrochemical production. In this work, we prepare a series of well‐defined pyridinium‐conjugated graphite sheets via nucleophilic substitution reaction of graphite with pyridine derivatives in anodic oxidation process. A combination of experimental and computational investigations confirm that the pyridine derivatives are electrochemically grafted onto the armchair‐type edges of graphitic layers, where the adjacent carbon atoms show the positively charged state by the intramolecular charge transfer. The strong charge delocalization on pyridinium‐conjugated graphite sheets leads to the enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction in terms of both activity and selectivity (above 97 %) for H2O2 production. Moreover, we find that the yield of H2O2 is also affected by the H2O2 decomposing capabilities of functional groups on pyridinium. As one kind of pyrolysis‐free strategies, the proposed electrochemical grafting can serve as a molecularly precise regulation to develop nitrogen doped carbon materials for more applications.