bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Андресна функція топонімів в українських народних думах
Authors:   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushynsky, Krupenyova Tetiana
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the functioning of toponyms in Ukrainian folk ballads. It is noted that toponyms as organic components of ballad lyrics are a source that helps to establish the time and place of the event. Ukrainian ballads appeared in the XV–XVI centuries and were created by kobza players up to and including the XX century. Ballads have always reflected reality, important social events, heroic deeds carried out in the name of the people, and therefore it is in this genre that the most reliable information about the fate of Ukraine is concentrated. Toponyms used in the context of folk ballads have an important place and meaning. This layer of vocabulary is important since it precisely reflects socio-historical events, as well as directly mirrors the people’s figurative understanding of the natural environment’s real specifics. Big cycles in the epic work consist of thoughts about the struggle against the Turkish- Tatar and Polish-noble invaders. A prominent place among the works of the heroic epic belongs to the ballads that reflect the history of Ukraine in the XX century (starting from the revolutionary events of 1905). These works are mostly devoted to specific historical events and personalities. The description of real events is impossible without an indication of the event’s place, a description of the area, and this explains the frequency of toponyms in ballad lyrics, as them perform the function of address. 115 toponyms were analyzed, among which the largest group was oykonymy (60), the group of hydronyms has 30 proper names, a slightly smaller number (25) is the group of horonyms. It was found that the frequency of use of one onym or another is primarily related to the subject and content of Ukrainian folk ballads. The central place in these epic works is the fate of Ukraine, the heroic and tragic life of Ukrainians, in this regard, the token Ukraine is a semantic center around which all the positive and negative, the glorious and tragic, is based. It is proved that one of the functions of toponyms in the texts of Ukrainian people’s ballads is address. Toponyms acquire a generalized, abstract meaning, ie the lyrics of Ukrainian folk ballads contain many toponyms, which add other meanings to their own lexicographically fixed meaning, and these meanings implicitly contain people’s attitudes to the world, environment, ie acquire for them a certain cognitive meaning. In this regard, the study of such toponyms allows us to analyze and understand the linguomentality of our people, their spirit, worldview and world perception.
A kiedy (u)kradną nam słowa…
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Mizerek Henryk
Published: May 2024

The paper addresses issues related to the growing social phenomenon that has disturbing consequences for practice – in this case, everyday academic life in Poland. It consists of the critical categories of contemporary humanities; its “first words” are given content very distant from their original, traditional meanings. The meanings of these categories are often reversed, given secondary meanings or even made meaningless. As a result, many words are used as empty labels, fashionable words intended to add dignity to the speaker. The article’s author, referring to the metaphor of “stealing” words, raises three specific issues. Firstly, it presents a register of “stolen” words, three of which are the subject of detailed analysis – evaluation, quality, and dialogue. The second issue is a detailed analysis of the mechanisms governing changes in the meanings assigned to each of these categories and the effects associated with using “stolen” words in the everyday life of academies and dormitories. Finally, the issue of the “perpetrators of the theft” was raised. The author claims that one of them is the “seventh enemy from the seventh world of the field” – an entity that creates the everyday life of academic life, regardless of its place in the university’s social hierarchy.
Antropologia kultury a ewaluacja edukacyjna
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Walczak Bartłomiej
Published: May 2024

The paper describes the connections between cultural anthropology and educational evaluation. It starts from the history of anthropologically oriented educational evaluation, when a qualitative-oriented approach emerged from a dominant, post-Tyleran tradition. It analyses connections between anthropological evaluation and anthropological paradigms, in particular the phenomenological one. The next section explores the notion of culture, a central category for ethnographic research, making anthropological evaluation distinctive from other research using a qualitative methodology. It presents the discussion about the notion of culture and the meaning of an inclusive approach to the research on school cultures. The third part describes distinctive features of anthropological evaluation, contrasted to the “traditional” anthropology. In the fourth part, conclusions from a postmodern critique of the linguistic turn are described: involvement in the power/knowledge relationships, an ontoepistemological status of collected data, fluidity and ambiguity of the evaluator’s roles. The next section covers probably the most obvious aspects of anthropological evaluation – the methodological implications. The last, sixth part presents challenges for doing evaluations in anthropological settings: keeping the integrity of the roles, reflecting on the biases, limitation in influence on change, “competition” with the postpositivist approach, and logistic difficulties.
Rosnące znaczenie ewaluacji w zmieniającej się rzeczywistości społeczno-politycznej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Nowotniak Justyna
Published: May 2024

The article focuses on evaluation, which remains of unflagging popularity and interest in many scientific disciplines and areas of social life. The article is divided into three parts. Firstly, it attempts to outline the variety of theoretical contexts of the relationship between education, science, evaluation and state policy in this respect. The second part presents arguments for the need to practice educational (seflevaluation) – especially its dialogic forms in schools, resulting from the experience gained in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, including the results of research carried out in primary schools in Szczecin. The third part covers issues related to the importance of developmental evaluations in education, consisting of democratizing organizational culture, opening social discourse and supporting patterns of institutional reflexivity. In literature this is described as “participatory research”, “interventional research” in which the researcher conducts the analysis at the same time also thinking about using its results to formulate the recommendations regarding public policy or for the purposes of creation and support of organizations acting in the best interest of the researched community. This article presents a fragment of results of a research – its subject being “Diagnosing needs and expectations of students and teachers in primary schools in Szczecin days before returning to school” – conducted in May 2021. Comfort-Stretch-Panic model, created by Karl Rohnke, has been used as a theoretical framework for said research.
Risk Factors for Treatment Drop Out Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the UPT Public Health Center in Medan Sunggal
Authors: Zuhair Raisa Daffa , Ismah Zata
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the factors contributing to treatment dropout in tuberculosis (TB) patients.Methods: This study utilized a case-control design with a sample size of 81 participants. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted, and an accidental sampling technique was employed.Results:  The research analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and family support (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship found between drug side effects and treatment dropout (p>0.05). This lack of significance may be attributed to the consistent occurrence of side effects throughout the different stages of treatment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this research demonstrates a significant correlation between patients' knowledge, family support, and treatment dropout (p<0.05). Conversely, no significant correlation was found between drug side effects and treatment dropout (p>0.05).
Analysis of the Relationship between Age and Immunization Completeness with Measles Incidence in the City of Medan in 2022
Authors: Harahap Sunnii Irtiyah , Ismah Zata , Hotmaida Doris
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the relationship between age and immunization completeness and the occurrence of measles in Medan City in 2022.Methods: This study is quantitative research with a case-control study design. The respondents in this study are the entire population of Medan City. The sample size for this research is 96 respondents, with 48 in the case group and 48 in the control group, all recorded in the measles case report at the Health Department of Medan City in 2022. The study was conducted from January to July 2023.Results: Forty respondents in this study belonged to the toddler group, and most of whom had an incomplete immunization history. Based on chi-square analysis, a significant relationship was found between age and the occurrence of measles (p-value < 0.05), as well as between immunization completeness and the occurrence of measles (p-value < 0.05) with an odds ratio (OR) of 11.0. This means that respondents who are not immunized are 11 times more likely to experience measles compared to those who are immunized. Respondents with incomplete immunization are also 11 times more likely to experience measles compared to those with complete immunization.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between age and immunization completeness and the occurrence of measles. Respondents with an incomplete immunization history are at 11 times higher risk of experiencing measles compared to those with a complete immunization history. For future research, it is recommended to increase the number of study respondents and further explore and expand on risk factors such as the history of contact with measles cases in the city of Medan.
Interpretation of Platelet Histograms and Their Correlation with Peripheral Smear in Data Showing Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shinde Aparna , Modi Alisha , Patil Amruta
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the significance of platelet histograms and peripheral smears in understanding thrombocytopenia and compare them for the incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care medical institute. The study included 200 cases of thrombocytopenia. Platelet parameters (PCT, PDW, MPV) were obtained using an autoanalyzer, and peripheral smears were examined manually. Thrombocytopenia cases were classified into hyper-destructive, hypo-productive, and abnormal pooling categories based on etiology and platelet histogram patterns. The incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia was also compared. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The gender distribution showed a male preponderance (56% male, 44% female). The mean age of the patients was 26.8 years. The study found hyper-destructive thrombocytopenia to be the most common type, with viral fever, sepsis, and malaria being the common etiologies for this type of thrombocytopenia. Histogram analysis revealed distinct patterns for different types of thrombocytopenia. The study also noted a higher incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia in automated analysis compared to manual methods, with a statistically significant difference.Conclusion: Platelet histograms combined with peripheral smear analysis provide crucial information about the etiology and nature of thrombocytopenia. This integrated approach enhances diagnostic accuracy and aid in effective patient management.
Produto Interno Bruto e pegada hídrica do agronegócio: comparativo entre países
Authors: Sesso Filho Umberto Antonio , Lopes Ricardo Luís , Gonçalves Junior Carlos Alberto , Esteves Emerson Guzzi Zuan , Sesso Patrícia Pompermayer
Published: May 2024

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo é dimensionar o agronegócio dos países em termos de renda (Produto Interno Bruto - PIB) e água (pegada hídrica), além de estimar um indicador de sustentabilidade (água por unidade de renda). A metodologia é baseada na matriz insumo-produto e foi aplicada para 189 países com enfoque sobre as vinte maiores economias (PIB) no ano de 2015. O PIB do agronegócio mundial era de US$12,3 trilhões e a pegada hídrica de 151 trilhões de metros cúbicos, os valores representavam respectivamente 18% e 97,5% dos totais do sistema produtivo. A participação da renda do agronegócio no total do sistema produtivo dos países variou entre 4% e 61%. Os maiores valores do PIB do agronegócio foram obtidos para a China (US$ 2,5 trilhões), Estados Unidos (US$ 1,4 trilhão), Índia (US$ 0,67 trilhão), Japão (US$ 0,5 trilhão) e Brasil (US$ 0,43 trilhão). O custo ambiental do agronegócio mensurado em metros cúbicos de água para mil dólares de geração de renda (m3/US$) variou entre menos de cem metros cúbicos para cada mil dólares de renda gerada para mais de 200 mil, o que indica que existe a possibilidade do aumento da eficiência do uso da água e sustentabilidade por meio do desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias.
Efeitos do treinamento muscular do assoalho pélvico versus Ginástica Abdominal Hipopressiva (GAH) na incontinência urinária de esforço de mulheres climatéricas: ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Bottini Dayane Aparecida Moisés Caetano , Silva Diego Vargas da , Silva Filho Rui Malta da , Lúcio Adelia , Saiki Fabio , Pegorare Ana Beatriz Gomes de Souza
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (TMAP) é recomendado como primeira linha no tratamento do nível 1 de evidência da incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE). Atualmente, a Ginástica Abdominal Hipopressiva (GAH) tem sido utilizada na prática clínica com este propósito. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a superioridade de um tratamento experimental em relação ao tratamento padrão-ouro para IUE e função do assoalho pélvico em mulheres na menopausa. Foi conduzido um ensaio clínico randomizado de não inferioridade com 31 mulheres climatéricas, sexualmente ativas e com IUE. Elas foram alocadas em dois grupos, em que: 16 foram submetidas ao TMAP e 15 à GAH. Ambos receberam 26 sessões, duas vezes por semana, em atendimentos individuais. Todas as voluntárias foram avaliadas em dois momentos, no início e ao término das intervenções. O desfecho primário foi avaliado pelo Questionário (ICIQ-SF) e o secundário pela avaliação bidigital do assoalho pélvico. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste ANOVA de duas vias, seguido do pós-teste de Tukey, quando necessário. O TMAP foi superior na melhora da IUE (p=0.01). Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação a força de contração, tempo de sustentação, repetições rápidas e lentas. Em relação à melhora dos sintomas de IUE, concluiu-se que o TMAP é superior a GAH.
Validity of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale (FACIT-F) in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Brazil
Authors: Correa Gabriela Pereira , Oliveira Cristino Carneiro , Vieira Gláucia Cópio , Cabral Leandro Ferracini , Malaguti Carla , José Anderson
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but it is poorly evaluated. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale (FACIT-F) is one of the main instruments used to measure fatigue. However, this instrument has not yet been validated for the Brazilian population with COPD. This study aimed to investigate the validity of the FACIT-F fatigue scale in individuals with COPD. In a cross-sectional study, the impact of symptoms (COPD Assessment Test - CAT), dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council - MRC scale), functional capacity (six-minute step test - 6MST), exertional fatigue (Borg modified scale at the end of 6MST), and the FACIT-F scale to assess multidimensional fatigue were evaluated. Concurrent validity was assessed by associating the FACIT-F with the CAT, and convergent validity by associating it with the number of steps, perceived exertional fatigue, and dyspnea. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing fatigue with the dyspnea severity strata. In total, 92 participants were studied (69.9±8.8 years, FEV1: 48.4% of predicted). The FACIT-F presented an average of 30.1±10.9 points, strong concurrent validity with the CAT (r=-0.80), strong convergent validity with dyspnea (r=−0.66), and low with exercise capacity (r=0.40) and fatigue on exertion (r=-0.44). FACIT-F was effective in discriminating groups with different intensities of dyspnea. Conclusion: The FACIT-F is a valid tool for assessing fatigue in the Brazilian population with COPD.
Ginástica laboral em profissionais de saúde: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Costa Lara Maria Camilato Lima , Pimenta Isadora Caroline , Sales Erika Moreira , Vidal Alessandra Paiva de Castro , Martins Lisandra Vanessa
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar sistematicamente ensaios randomizados controlados e comparar a eficácia da ginástica laboral com nenhuma intervenção, intervenção mínima ou outros tipos de intervenção em trabalhadores de saúde, em relação à dor musculoesquelética, estresse, incapacidade física e afastamento do trabalho. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PUBMED, PEDro, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHAL, PsycINFO, NIOSHTIC-2, SPORTDicus, SCIELO e LILACS. Foram encontrados 3598 artigos, sendo sete elegíveis. Houve diferença estatística para dor musculoesquelética a favor da ginástica laboral após 5, 10 e 12 semanas (MD: −0,63; 95%, CI: −1,17; −0,08) e 6,9 e 12 meses de intervenção (MD: −0,74; 95% CI: −1,43; −0,05). Também foi verificada diferença estatística a favor da ginástica laboral para o afastamento no trabalho (MD: −3,26; 95% IC: −6,28; −0,25) e para redução do estresse (SMD: −0.35; 95% IC: −0,67; −0.03) nos estudos que realizaram intervenção por 5 e 10 semanas. A ginástica laboral pode contribuir para a saúde física e mental do profissional de saúde, no entanto, mais estudos randomizados controlados voltados para essa categoria profissional, e com maior valor amostral, são necessários para confirmação dessa hipótese.
POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF ChatGPT® TO LEARNING ABOUT SEPTIC SHOCK IN INTENSIVE CARE
Authors: Sasso Grace Terezinha Marcon Dal , Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Alvarez Ana Graziela , Barra Daniela Couto Carvalho , Barbosa Sayonara de Fatima Faria
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to demonstrate the application of some prompts and to problematize the use of ChatGPT® to guide the best answers for nursing students and teachers on septic shock in intensive care learning. Method: a methodological study where prompt technology was applied in ChatGPT® to support nursing learning in intensive care with an emphasis on septic shock. The study was organized in 3 stages, covering an understanding of ChatGPT® and models, as well as testing and exercising prompts. Results: applications of prompts were presented, based on a structure of pre-defined stages that made it possible to exemplify the answers given and to organize an output generation diagram as a way of summarizing the process of decision support in intensive care. Conclusion: ChatGPT® is a natural language processing model that uses deep learning approaches to generate human-like answers. However, the generation of prompts for the teaching-learning process in intensive care nursing requires in-depth association with the pillars of evidence-based practice.
Adoção internacional e o princípio da proteção integral no Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Conto Thais de , Canzi Idir
Published: May 2024

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a adequação do instituto da adoção internacional a partir do viés dos tratados e convenções internacionais nos Ordenamentos Jurídicos da República Federativa do Brasil e de Portugal. O método utilizado foi o dedutivo e os procedimentos metodológicos na construção do corpus documental da análise considerou os marcos teóricos que definem a adoção internacional e a identificação das convergências e divergências existentes nas categorias jurídicas previstas na legislação do Brasil e de Portugal. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que os Ordenamentos Jurídicos da República Federativa do Brasil e República Portuguesa, no que se refere especificamente ao Instituto da Adoção Internacional, adequaram as respectivas normatizações constitucionais e legislações infraconstitucionais em conformidade ao princípio da Proteção Integral à criança e ao adolescente, tomando por referência os aportes dos Tratados e Convenções Internacionais, resultantes do movimento internacionalista em defesa da proteção integral à criança e ao adolescente.
Autocracia burguesa, racismo e encarceramento à luz do pensamento social brasileiro
Authors: Oliveira Gabrielle Paula de , Machado Giovanny Simon
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este trabalho analisa o sistema prisional brasileiro, destacando o aumento da população carcerária, superlotação, violência, seletividade penal e as penas alternativas. Explora-se a contribuição de intelectuais, como Clóvis Moura, Florestan Fernandes, Octavio Ianni, Darcy Ribeiro, Jacob Gorender e Lucio Kowarick, para entender o encarceramento no Brasil, considerando suas raízes no período escravista e colonial. Este ensaio bibliográfico busca lançar luz à resiliência do punitivismo no país, baseando-se nas protoformas escravistas do capitalismo dependente, conforme descrito pelos clássicos do pensamento social brasileiro. Posteriormente, o ensaio explora as influências do capitalismo dependente no sistema penal, com base em dados estatísticos e autores da criminologia crítica, abolicionismo penal e minimalismo penal. Concluímos que a autocracia e sua política penal, com raízes na herança escravista, parecem operar incessantemente, transcendendo as fronteiras governamentais, alimentando a violência e as ilegalidades que ela mesma se propõe a reprimir e controlar.
PESQUISA-AÇÃO E GERENCIALISMO DE PLATAFORMA DA REDE ESTADUAL PAULISTA DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Dias Carlos Eduardo Sampaio Burgos , Silva Elem Rose Vasconcelos da , Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Rocha Antonio de Jesus
Published: May 2024

Diante da tendência à plataformização da educação escolar, este artigo objetiva compreender os constrangimentos que o gerencialismo de plataforma traz para a gestão da escola e o processo educativo, assim como refletir sobre as possibilidades de enfrentar esta política educacional cada vez mais hegemônica e orientada pelos pressupostos da gestão privada e os interesses do capital. O artigo foi escrito com base em dados e análises de uma pesquisa-ação realizada em sete escolas da rede estadual paulista, cujo objetivo é produzir uma implementação crítica e criativa da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, do Programa Inova Educação e da Reforma do Ensino Médio, para que as escolas possam ressignificar essas políticas a partir de sua realidade territorial, social, econômica e cultural, bem como desenvolver uma educação de qualidade social com os estudantes. A realização da pesquisa-ação tem mostrado muitos limites à realização de uma práxis diversa daquela que o gerencialismo de plataforma impõe, mas também tem indicado a necessidade de construção de alternativas que se apoiem nas contradições que o confronto entre a política prescrita e a realidade vivida produzem.
Short neuropeptide F in integrated insect physiology
Authors: Cholewiński Marcin , Chowański Szymon , Lubawy Jan , Urbański Arkadiusz , Walkowiak-Nowicka Karolina , Marciniak Paweł
Published: May 2024

The short neuropeptide F (sNPF) family of peptides is a multifunctional group of neurohormones involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in insects. They have been found in a broad spectrum of species, but the number of isoforms in the precursor molecule varies from one to four. The receptor for sNPF (sNPFR), which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family, has been characterized in various insect orders and was shown to be an ortholog of the mammalian prolactin-releasing peptide receptor (PrPR). The sNPF signaling pathway interacts with other neurohormones such as insulin-like peptides, SIFamide, and pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs) to regulate various processes. The main physiological function of sNPF seems to be involved in the regulation of feeding, but the observed effects are species-specific. sNPF is also connected with the regulation of foraging behavior and the olfactory system. The influence of sNPF on feeding and thus energy metabolism may also indirectly affect other vital processes, such as reproduction and development. In addition, these neurohormones are involved in the regulation of locomotor activity and circadian rhythm in insects. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the sNPF system in insects.
Geochemical Characterizations of Crude Oils in Pendopo High and Limau Graben, South Sumatra Basin
Authors: Syaifudin Muhammad , Subroto Eddy A.
Published: May 2024

There are several oil fields in Pendopo High and Limau Graben, South Palembang Subbasin, South Sumatra Basin. Crude oils from the Pendopo High and Limau Graben have been analyzed using geochemical methods. Some or all of the following analyses were completed on twenty-four oils. Two analysis methods, namely the δ13C isotopic and biomarker compositions have been used to classify the oil types. Most of the oils are isotopically more depleted in δ13C sat (> -28‰) relative to the other four oil sample counterpart of the Pendopo High. All oil samples from The Pendopo High have Pr/Ph values < 4 and those from the Limau Graben > 4. In addition, biomarker ratio for hopanes/steranes from the Limau Graben shows small values compared with the Pendopo High. Geochemical cross plots of probabilities can also be used to distinguish oils derived from different source inputs. In the Limau Graben, tricyclic terpane data shows terrestrial patterns, while the Pendopo High shows deltaic patterns. The Limau Graben is derived from humic kerogen, while the Pendopo High is more towards mixed kerogen (humic and sapropelic kerogen). The depositional condition in the Limau Graben is anoxic to suboxic to oxic and mostly oxic condition, predominated by higher plants. While Pendopo High condition is anoxic to suboxic, predominated by algae. Oil in the Pendopo High is interpreted to be deltaic oil, whereas oil in the Limau Graben is a typical fluvial.
Migration Crime in the Context of National Security (Regional Aspect)
Authors: Koryagina Svetlana
Published: May 2024

The article points that illegal migration, which leads to the existence of a significant segment of the shadow economy, distorts the domestic labor market, and also forms a breeding ground for corruption in many regions of the country as a whole, the Irkutsk region in particular, can be attributed to the number of criminogenic risks that have a negative impact on ensuring the national interests of the state. In the near future, not only conservation is predicted in this region, but also an increase in the flow of illegal migration, which may have negative consequences. It is noted that the given data of official statistics reflect not the actual, but only the recorded level of migration crime, characterized by latency. The purpose of the study is a criminological analysis of migration crime based on official criminal statistics, the criminological aspects of the current state of this phenomenon are revealed.
The research methods are private scientific (special) - the method of expert assessments, statistical research methods. The empirical basis was made up of statistical data on registered crimes committed by foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation for the periods 2016–2022, Data from the Office of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation for 2016–2022, as well as the results of published criminological studies conducted by other authors. The study showed that the effectiveness of measures taken to migration in general and illegal migration in particular depends on the coordinated work of all departments dealing with migration issues. It is concluded that it is necessary to work out the Concept of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation for 2019–2025," especially in terms of "embedding" migrants into the multicultural space of the country in a legislative form in order to preserve the demographic balance on the one hand, on the other hand, assistance the Russian economy needs a national workforce.
Statute of Limitation on Corruption-Related Offences: International Experience
Authors: Ganhuyag Boldbayar , Zumberlham Dordzhamba
Published: May 2024

The article examines international experience in establishing the statute of limitations for corruption offences depending on the category of crime, as well as in calculating the statute of limitations based on the scale of the corruption crime and the public danger. In the current policy of Mongolia, especially in view of the loss of differentiation between serious and minor crimes in determining the statute of limitations, the theoretical concepts of this process remain unclear, which is the subject of consideration and scientific analysis from the point of view of legal regulation.
Criminological Aspects of the Motivation of Individuals Belonging to Organized Criminal Groups of an Extremist Nature
Authors: Aripshev Ahmed
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of criminological aspects of the motivation of persons joining organized criminal groups of an extremist nature. The author of the study analyzes various factors that may contribute to involvement in criminal groups and their illegal activities in such groups, the motives for their participation in extremist activities. The article examines the psychological, social and ideological factors that influence the formation and support of the motivation of participants in organized criminal groups with an extremist nature. Examples of interactions between various individual and social factors that contribute to the formation of radical beliefs and readiness to commit extremist acts are given. In addition, the features of the motivation of individuals belonging to organized extremist groups are analyzed with the aim of their classification.
The author of the article comes to the conclusion that understanding the motivation of individuals who join extremist organized criminal groups is important for developing appropriate tactics and methods for preventing and suppressing extremist activities. Overall, the article represents a comprehensive study of the criminological aspects of the motivation of individuals belonging to organized criminal groups with an extremist nature, and is an important contribution to the field of criminology and criminal activity.
Counteracting Crimes in the Field of Professional Sports in the Legislation of the States of the Anglo-Saxon Legal System
Authors: Krupnik Inna
Published: May 2024

One of the “trend setters” in terms of legal regulation of liability for crimes in the field of professional sports are the United States of America and Great Britain. Accordingly, its analysis can be important for developing its own position on this issue, including the possibility of formulating legislative proposals on this issue. The study shows that the legislators of both countries, despite the unconditional similarity of legal systems, nevertheless have different approaches to solving this issue. The experience of each country is of considerable interest in terms of comparative law, and the attention paid to the issues raised indicates its extreme relevance, which requires taking quite strict measures to solve it today. Their success seems to be achieved only if an integrated approach can be achieved precisely to counter the negative phenomenon, the underestimation of which is already costing our society.
Financial Pressure in Russia: Issues in Theory and Practice
Authors: Abgaldaev Vladimir , Bubnov Vyacheslav , Osodoeva Olga
Published: May 2024

This article attempts to understand in theory the concept of financial pressure. In order to analyze financial pressure, the authors found that system analysis, logistic regression model, large sample and economic entropy could be suitable methods in the financial pressure study. The authors used deductive and analytical cognition methods, studied the financial pressure causes, taking into account the financial transactions specifics leading to high risk in economic activity of the enterprise and the country as a whole. It has been established that the Russian capital market differs from foreign markets in its specificity. It has been determined that the financial pressure study should begin with a study of transformations in enterprises with state participation in the form of ownership. For this purpose, in the financial risk and fraud study there was studied various theoretical approaches, the scientific results of which are of a different nature. It was revealed that business entities should take into account financial pressure in order to respond in a timely manner to a potential economic crisis, since financial problems periodically give rise to economic problems, the failure of which can become threatening either for enterprises or for the national economy in general.
«Lieutenant Kizhe» of Russian Economics, or a Word in Defense of Its Empirical Historiography
Authors: Maidachevsky Dmitry
Published: May 2024

The article addresses such a practice of historiography of economic science that rarely attracts research attention as establishing the probable authorship of a text using the example of the article «Prerequisites of Real Economic Policy», published in two issues of the famous magazine «The Economist» in 1922. For more than a century, the pseudonym P. Chubutsky, with whom this work was signed, has been considered and perceived as the name and surname of a real-life representative of domestic economic science. Assuming the famous Russian publicist and economist-researcher Peter Pavlovich Maslov as the probable author of the publication and presenting arguments justifying the choice made, the author of this article doesn’t consider the attribution of the text as an end in itself. Placing the problem of establishing authorship in the broad context of the historiography of economic science, the author seeks to clarify the reasons why the famous author of the early 20th century turned into the «Lieutenant Kizhe» of domestic economic science, the history of economic thought made no attempts to bring the owner of the pseudonym to the forefront of science, and the discipline lost its empirical and historical orientation, having the word «his¬tory» in its title.
Professor V.V. Ignatenko — a Scholar, a State man, a Mentor
Authors: Gribunov Oleg
Published: May 2024

The article is dedicated to the jubilee of the Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor, Rector of Baikal State University V.V. Ignatenko, widely known in the scientific community. The contribution of Professor V.V. Ignatenko as a prominent state man, a scholar and a mentor in the development of legal thought is shown. Readers are introduced to the biography of the hero of the day, with the results of his scientific, pedagogical and professional activities. The results of Viktor Vasilyevich's scientific research are of interest to specialists in the field of not only constitutional, electoral and administrative law, but also criminalistics, operational-search activities, criminal law, criminology, penitentiary law, theory and history of state and law. The development of Baikal State University after the taking up of V.V. Ignatenko the post of rector is shown, his desire to preserve classical university traditions and ability to arouse the love of science among his pupils and associates is highlighted
Kombucha çayı kullanarak yeşil sentez ve kimyasal sol-jel yöntemi ile ZnO nanoparçacıklarının sentezlenmesi ve fotokatalitik aktivitelerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: Cetınkaya Gürer Sevil , Özserçe Haste Zeynep
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada Kombucha çayı (KÇ) kullanılarak yeşil sentez ve kimyasal sol-jel yöntemleri ile çinko oksit nanoparçacıkları sentezlenerek özellikleri incelendi. Kombucha çayı ile çinko oksit nanoparçacıklarının ( ZnO-NP(KÇ) ) en uygun sentez şartlarını belirlemek amacı ile reaksiyon sıcaklığı 25, 40 ve 60 0C ve 1, 2, 3 ve 4 h reaksiyon süresini alınarak deneyler gerçekleştirildi. . İncelenen bu parametrelerde 60 0C sıcaklık ve reaksiyon süresi 3 olarak belirlendi. Karşılaştırma amacı ile kimyasal bir yöntem olan sol-jel yöntemiyle de çinko oksit nanoparçacıkları ( ZnO-NP(SJ) ) 60 0C reaksiyon sıcaklığında ve 3 h reaksiyon süresinde sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Her iki yöntemle kullanılarak hazırlanan ZnO-NP’nin karakterizasyon UV/Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM teknikleri kullanılarak incelendi. Her iki yöntem kullanılarak sentezlenen ZnO-NP(KÇ) ve ZnO-NP(SJ)”nin ortalama kristalit boyutu sırasıyla 22 nm ve 89 nm Debye Schrerrer denklemi ile belirlendi. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde her iki yöntemle hazırlanan ZnO-NP’nin, UV lamba altında ve 180 min sonunda, metilen mavisi (MM) çözeltisinde boya giderimi incelenerek fotokatalitik aktiviteleri karşılaştırıldı. Hazırlanan ZnO-NP(KÇ)’nin %76 ve ZnO-NP(SJ)’nin %67 sulu çözeltiden MM’yi giderdiği belirlendi. Her iki yöntemle de sentezlenen ZnO-NP’i kullanarak MM’nin fotokatalitik bozunma kinetiğinin birinci dereceden reaksiyon kinetiğine uyduğu belirlendi.
Kimyasal metalurjide çevreci bir yaklaşım: Solvometalurji
Authors: Çelik Kurtulan Çisem , Kaplan Şevki Samet , Güloğlu Elif , Orhan Gökhan , Gürmen Sebahattin , Sönmez Mehmet Şeref
Published: May 2024

Hidrometalurji metal ekstraksiyonunda sıkça kullanılan etkin ve bilinen bir yöntemdir. Ancak bu sistemlerde kullanılan yüksek miktarda su ve açığa çıkan atık asit miktarı sebebiyle, bilim dünyasında alternatif metot araştırma faaliyetleri her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu noktada literatür incelendiğinde yeşil kimya ve solvometalurji kavramının ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada solvometalurjik yöntemlerde kullanılan yeşil çözücüler tanımlanmış, iyonik sıvılar ve ötektik altı çözücüler hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Solvometalurjik yöntemlerin birincil hammaddelere uygulandığı örneklere yer verilmiş, bu bağlamda nadir toprak elementlerinin ve bakırın solvometalurjik yöntemlerle eldesi üzerine detaylı açıklamalarda bulunulmuştur. İkincil kaynaklardan hareketle; atık lityum iyon pillerin, floresan lamba atıklarının, hurda NdFeB ve SmCo mıknatısların, maden atıklarından solvometalurjik yöntemler kullanılarak metallerin geri kazanılması hakkında detaylı bilgiler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; solvometalurjinin hidrometalurjik temelli yöntemlere göre daha az su kullanımı başta olmak üzere üretimde kaynak kullanımını azaltma iddiası taşıdığı, solvometalurjik yöntemlerin uygulandığı birçok proseste gerek çözümlendirme verimleri, gerekse çözelti saflaştırma ve zenginleştirme oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu, bu yöntemlerin oda sıcaklığında çalışma olanağı ve geleneksel yöntemlerle karşılaştırıldığında çok daha düşük enerji tükettiği ifade edilmiştir. Solvometalurjik yöntemlerin araştırıldığı akademik çalışmaların önümüzdeki dönemlerde de artarak devam edeceğinin beklendiği, bununla birlikte yöntemin laboratuvar ölçeğinden yarı-endüstriyel hatta endüstriyel boyuta taşınmasına yönelik çalışmaların kısa-orta vadede artarak devam edeceğinin öngörüldüğü belirtilmiştir.
Büyük girdap benzetimi analizleri için gerekli ağ çözünürlüğü üzerine bir çalışma
Authors: Güleren Kürşad Melih
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada türbülanslı akışların LES (Büyük Girdap Benzetimi) çözümlerinde sonuçların doğruluğundan emin olmak için gerekli ağ çözünürlüğü üzerine bir yöntem önerilmiştir. Bu öneride, deneysel veri yokluğunda doğru bir strateji ile oluşturulan ağ sayesinde LES çözümünün güvenilir olacağı ifade edilmektedir. İzlenilen bu yöntem kolayca uygulanabilir bir yapıda olup, daha önce LES ağ yeterliliği için çoklu ve farklı ağ yapıları kullanılarak yapılan ağdan bağımsız analizlerden farklı bir niteliktedir. İntegral, Kolmogorov ve Taylor Ölçekleri ile hücre boyutunu karakterize eden ölçeğin zamansal ve boyutsal karşılaştırmasını temel alan bu öneride LES çözümüne geçmeden ağ yeterliliği hakkında bilgi sahibi olunmuştur. Referans alınan U-kanalı akış problemi için mevcut deneysel veriler ile önerinin doğrulaması yapılmıştır. Sunulan önerinin doğrulama sonuçlara göre ana akış yönünde ve ana akışa dik yöndeki hızların doğru hesaplandığı, dolayısı ile önerinin birinci dereceden akış istatistiği parametrelerin belirlenmesi için yeterli olduğu yorumu yapılmıştır. U-kanalında görülen iç duvardaki hızlanmanın, dış duvardaki yavaşlamanın, iç duvardaki akış ayrılmasının, ters akış oluşumunun ve gelişiminin doğru bir şekilde mevcut LES analizi yakalandığı görülmüştür. İkinci dereceden akış istatistiği parametrelerinden ana akış ve ana akışa dik yöndeki hız salınımlarının karekök ortalaması değerlerine bakıldığında sonuçların olumlu ve kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Neticede bu çalışmada sunulan LES için ağ yeterliliği önerisinin kolay uygulanabilir, hızlı ve güvenilir olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Alümina önyüzlü polietilen destekli kompozit zırhın balistik davranışlarının deneysel incelenmesi
Authors: Akdoğan Mehmet Akif , Türkbas Selim
Published: May 2024

Askeri hücum teknolojisinin artan gücü nedeniyle, geleneksel zırh yöntemleri etkinliğini yitirmiştir. Bu nedenle hızla gelişen savunma uygulamaları için farklı mekanik özelliklere sahip yeni ekipmanların geliştirilmesi gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, ultra yüksek moleküler ağırlıklı polietilen (UHMWPE) destek tabakası ve alümina seramik yüzeyli kompozit zırh sisteminin 7.62×51mm zırh delici mermiye karşı balistik testleri yapılmış ve hasar yapıları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamındaki balistik testler özel bir endüstriyel tesis laboratuvarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak verilen zırh kombinasyonunun koruyucu performansının yeterince yüksek olduğuna ve saha uygulaması için uygun bir seçim olduğuna karar verilmiştir. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, meydana gelen kırılma konisi, hasarın boyutu ve yapısı, çatlak ilerlemesi, mermi hasarı, arka destek tabakasındaki çöküntü boyutu gibi birçok özellik açısından mükemmele yakın olduğu görülmüştür. Zırh sisteminin arka yüzeyindeki UHMWPE tabakasında oluşan çöküntü miktarının 18 ile 20 mm arasında değiştiği ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bu değerler istenilen uluslararası personel koruma standartlarına uygun olduğundan oluşturulan zırh sistemi kompozisyonunun gerekli korumayı sağlayabilen tercih edilen bir kompozisyon olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Genel olarak alümina seramik ön yüz, UHMWPE kompozit destek plakası ile oluşturulan ve epoksi reçine ile birleştirilen zırh sisteminin standartlar çerçevesinde istenilen özellikleri sağladığı görülmektedir.
Karaciğer enzimlerinden hastalık tahmini için yapay sinir ağları ve sezgisel yöntem modellerinin performansları: Biyokimya cihazı çıktılarına uygulanması
Authors: Çavga Seyit Hamza
Published: May 2024

Karar verme sistemlerinin sağlık alanında uygulanmasında, gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte, direkt analiz cihazı çıktıları kullanılabilir hale gelmiştir. Veri setinin genişlemesiyle birlikte modellerin doğrulukları da artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan veri seti parametreleri nicelik ve nitelik yönünden eski çalışmalara kıyasla gerçek duruma daha yakın ham veriler içermektedir. Karaciğer hastalıklarını tanımlamak için kurulan modeller incelendiğinde uzman görüşü içeren parametreler kullanılması sebebiyle model performansının yanında uzman performansının da etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan veri seti sınıf değerleri dışında sübjektif verilere yer vermeyerek uzman görüşünü sadece modelin eğitiminde kullanmıştır. Bu sayede model performansının veri setine diğer çalışmalardan daha az bağımlı olacaktır. Gerçek hayat verileri farklı modeller ile çalışılarak, hangi yapıların daha iyi olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada yapay sinir ağları ve parçacık sürü optimizasyonu metotları sınıflandırma problemini çözebilmek için eğitilmiş ve test verileri ile sınanarak sonuçlar analiz edilmiştir.
Hidrazin elektrooksidasyonu için gelişmiş karbon nanotüp destekli monometalik katalizörlerin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu
Authors: Çağlar Aykut
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, karbon nanotüp (CNT) destekli M(Bi, Cu, Fe, Nb) katalizörleri, hidrazin elektro-oksidasyonu için sodyum borohidrür (SBH) indirgeme yöntemiyle hazırlanmıştır. %3 Cu/CNT katalizörün yapısal ve morfolojik yüzey analizleri, X-Işını kırınımı (XRD) ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu-enerji dağıtıcı X-Işını (SEM-EDX) ve haritalama analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Katalizörlerin katalitik aktiviteleri döngüsel voltametri (CV) analizi ile incelenmiştir. %3 Cu/CNT katalizörü, 34.7 mA/cm2'lik spesifik aktivite ile diğer katalizörlere kıyasla en iyi katalitik aktiviteyi sergiledi. %3 Cu/CNT katalizörün farklı tarama hızları ile elektrokatalitik performansı incelendi. Ayrıca elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopisi (EIS) analizleri ile en iyi direnci sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Doğrudan hidrazin yakıt pilleri (DHYP) için umut verici bir anot katalizörü olabilme potansiyeline sahiptir.
Başlangıç oksitlerinin tane boyutunun Zn2SnO4 sentezi ve sinterlenmesi üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Erden Sadiye , Ozel Emel , Suvacı Ender
Published: May 2024

Günümüzde metal oksit esaslı yarı iletken malzemeler, sağladığı üstün fiziksel ve performans özelikleri sebebiyle optoelektronik aygıtlar, bilgi depolama cihazları, yüksek çözünürlüklü ekran teknolojileri, yüksek performanslı gaz sensörleri ve güneş paneli uygulamalarında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Yarı iletken endüstrisinde sahip olduğu üstün özellikler nedeniyle ve sürdürülebilir olmasından dolayı çinko stanat (Zn2SnO4, ZTO) malzemesi son zamanlarda dikkatleri üzerine çekmektedir. Bu malzemenin sentezlenmesi, özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi ve ince film özelliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik araştırmalar sürdürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, literatürde ilk kez hammadde tane boyutunun ZTO'nun faz oluşumu ve sinterleme davranışı üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Katı hal sentez yöntemiyle, farklı tane boyut aralığına sahip ZnO ve SnO2 hammaddelerinden 4 kompozisyon tasarlanarak ZTO tozları sentezlenmiştir. Başlangıç hammaddeleri stokiyometrik oranda karıştırılarak bilyalı değirmende homojenize edildikten sonra tek eksenli pres ile pelet haline getirilmiştir. Sentez öncesi peletlerin boyutları ölçülmüş ve 900-1200°C'de 2-4 saat sentezlenmiştir. Sinterlenen peletlerin boyutları tekrar ölçüldükten sonra ZTO spinel dönüşüm oranları XRD analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, en yüksek spinel dönüşüm oranı, her iki başlangıç tozunun da ince taneli olduğu bileşimde elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, spinel oluşumu için ZnO partikül boyutunun kritik olmadığı, buna karşın SnO2 partikül boyutunun önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Tüm bileşimlerde, 1200°C'de 2 saat sonra spinel dönüşümü tamamlanmıştır. Spinel dönüşümüne bağlı boyutsal değişim incelenmiştir.