bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an H-PSOGA Optimization Model for Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Kangah Justice Kojo , Appati Justice Kwame , Darkwah Kwaku F. , Soli Michael Agbo Tettey
Published: July 2021

This work presents an ensemble method which combines both the strengths and weakness of particle swarm optimization (PSO) with genetic algorithm (GA) operators like crossover and mutation to solve the vehicle routing problem. Given that particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm are both population-based heuristic search evolutionary methods as used in many fields, the standard particle swarm optimization stagnates particles more quickly and converges prematurely to suboptimal solutions which are not guaranteed to be local optimum. Although both PSO and GA are approximation methods to an optimization problem, these algorithms have their limitations and benefits. In this study, modifications are made to the original algorithmic structure of PSO by updating it with some selected GA operators to implement a hybrid algorithm. A computational comparison and analysis of the results from the non-hybrid algorithm and the proposed hybrid algorithm on a MATLAB simulation environment tool show that the hybrid algorithm performs quite well as opposed to using only GA or PSO.
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Development Prospects
Authors: Gökmen Aytaç
Published: July 2021

Small and medium-sized enterprises are the backbone of a country. SMEs create most of the employment opportunities and comprise 90% to 95% of economic activities. Therefore, these make SMEs indispensable for the development of a country. Also, SMEs are the source of innovativeness, and they are the ones that respond to niche market needs that are ignored by large businesses. Small and medium-sized enterprises are an important instigator for the improvement and renewal of national economies. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review the concept of SME, differentiating features of SMEs, market economy, and state the importance of SMEs for the Republic of Turkey.
Balancing Exploration and Exploitation With Decomposition-Based Dynamic Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Qing , Jiao Ruwang , Zeng Sanyou , Zeng Zhigao
Published: July 2021

Balancing exploration and exploitation is a crucial issue in evolutionary global optimization. This paper proposes a decomposition-based dynamic multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for addressing global optimization problems. In the proposed method, the niche count function is regarded as a helper objective to maintain the population diversity, which converts a global optimization problem to a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP). The niche-count value is controlled by the niche radius. In the early stage of evolution, a large niche radius promotes the population diversity for better exploration; in the later stage of evolution, a niche radius close to 0 focuses on convergence for better exploitation. Through the whole evolution process, the niche radius is dynamically decreased from a large value to zero, which can provide a sound balance between the exploration and exploitation. Experimental results on CEC 2014 benchmark problems reveal that the proposed algorithm is capable of offering high-quality solutions, in comparison with four state-of-the-art algorithms.
OCEDS
Authors: Arunambika T.  , Senthil Vadivu P.
Published: July 2021

Many organizations require handling a massive quantity of data. The rapid growth of data in size leads to the demand for a new large space for storage. It is impossible to store bulk data individually. The data growth issues compel organizations to search novel cost-efficient ways of storage. In cloud computing, reducing an execution cost and reducing a storage price are two of several problems. This work proposed an optimal cost-effective data storage (OCEDS) algorithm in cloud data centres to deal with this problem. Storing the entire database in the cloud on the cloud client is not the best approach. It raises processing costs on both the customer and the cloud service provider. Execution and storage cost optimization is achieved through the proposed OCEDS algorithm. Cloud CSPs present their clients profit-maximizing services while clients want to reduce their expenses. The previous works concentrated on only one side of cost optimization (CSP point of view or consumer point of view), but this OCEDS reduces execution and storage costs on both sides.
Exploring System Thinking Leadership Approaches to the Healthcare Cybersecurity Environment
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , Aridi Amalisha Sabie , McLester Quatavia , Shufutinsky Anton , Nobles Calvin , Dawson Maurice , Muller S. Raschid
Published: July 2021

A Florida-based obstetrics and gynecology facility reported in February 2019 that they lost data because of a ransomware attack. In November 2017, 107,000 healthcare records were exposed from data breaches, and 340,000 records were exposed in December 2017. In 2019, 23,000 patient records at Critical Care, Pulmonary & Sleep Associates were compromised when a hacker gained access to an employee's email account and sent out phishing emails to the other employees, eventually exposing the patient data. On January 11, 2018, Adams Memorial Hospital and Hancock Regional Hospital, both in Indiana, experienced independent ransomware attacks, with Hancock Regional Hospital paying $50,000 in ransom. These incidents point to significant and complex cybersecurity risks for all healthcare organizations. Effectively managing these risks requires healthcare managers to develop system thinking and adaptive leadership skills. This paper explores the nuances and complexities around systems thinking in the healthcare cybersecurity environment.
Evaluating the Performance of a Hockey Helmet in Mitigating Concussion Risk Using Measures of Acceleration and Energy During Simulated Free Fall
Authors: Zerpa Carlos , Carlson Stephen , Przysucha Eryk , Liu Meilan , Sanzo Paolo
Published: July 2021

Hockey helmets represent the best form of head protection available to reduce the occurrence of skull fracture and concussion. Currently, helmet testing protocols focus on the reduction of peak linear acceleration measures. Gaps exist in analyzing how certain impact factors such as angle, neck stiffness, and location influence the energy loaded to the helmet and the risk of injury during head collisions. This study examined the effect of helmet impact angle, neck stiffness-torque levels, and helmet impact locations on energy reduction and risk of head injury grounded on acceleration measures using simulated free fall head collisions. The researchers conducted 540 impacts to collect the data. The results revealed statistical interaction effects between the angle of impact and location on measures of energy and risk of head injury. This study builds on existing literature by introducing an energy measurement technique to assess helmet performance. The outcome also provides an avenue for helmet manufacturers to evaluate the performance of the helmet in reducing concussion risk.
Decentralized Intelligent Search of Tourist Routes Based on Check-In Data
Authors: Su Jie , Li Jun
Published: July 2021

The location social network generates a large amount of data; these dada reflect the user's preferences and the popularity of the route, and a new model is provided for travel route search. Based on this demand, a problem of local distributed travel route search is proposed for group users. In this problem, the personal preferences of group users are combined, and an access route is found with partial POI (point of interest) and the largest group profit. The check-in data are used to generate a POI transfer relationship diagram based on the user's transfer between POIs, and route search is performed on the relationship diagram. In order to improve the search efficiency, a two-layer transfer relationship diagram is designed according to the popularity and transfer relationship of POI, the POI is generalized, and a hierarchical query is realized. A branch and bound search strategy optimization algorithm is designed, and the control relationship between nodes is used for pruning; the search efficiency of the algorithm is further improved.
The Improvement of Elementary School Teachers Through Web-Based Clinical Supervision
Authors: Rugaiyah Rugaiyah , Kustandi Cecep , Rahmawati Desi , Fadhillah Dini Nur
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to develop a valid draft clinical supervision web-based model for increasing the professionalism of elementary school teachers who have complete commitment, integrity, and competence in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study used qualitative research. Data was collected through observation and interview. The researcher worked together with three supervisors, five schools, two elementary school head chiefs, and three elementary school teachers. Clinical supervision consists of five phases following a research and development procedure, such as the initial preparation, observation, interpretation, post-observation meeting, and reverse meetings. The supervisor assessed explained clinical supervision web-based model was very effective and efficient considering teachers who had to be fostered in one target area, good communication between supervisors and teachers in the target area, because they could use the website and even upload videos teaching teachers in the classroom.
Are Entrepreneurial Capabilities and Prior Knowledge the Silver Bullet for the Generation of New Digital Venture Ideas in a Digital Context?
Authors: Yao Meifang , Ye Dan , Yang Gao , Shi Hui , Zheng Xianrong
Published: July 2021

Digital technology has had changed the uncertain nature of the process of new venture idea generation, and it has also brought unprecedented opportunities for the generation of new digital venture ideas. To explore how startups can deal with major challenges brought by digital technology and create new digital venture ideas, this paper focuses on micro level entrepreneurial actions, and constructs a theoretical model of the relationship among networking capabilities, IT capabilities, prior knowledge and new digital venture ideas. Furthermore, through the hierarchical linear regression analysis of 278 sample data, the paper finds that in the context of digitalization, both networking capabilities and IT capabilities have a positive impact on the generation of new digital venture ideas. In addition, prior knowledge plays an moderating role in the relationship between IT capabilities and new digital venture ideas. This paper explore how startups can build new digital venture ideas in the context of digitalization, which guides small enterprises in responding to new challenges.
E-Government and Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Han Yan , Shao Xue-Feng , Tsai Sang-Bing , Fan Di , Liu Wei
Published: July 2021

Along with the rapid development of digital information technology, e-government is of great potential because it is a new form of conducting public administration and a way of demonstrating governmental innovation. The literature suggests that foreign direct investment (FDI) is increasingly associated with the continuing development of e-government in China. Using the Annual Census of Industrial Enterprises and e-government scores of government portals, this study examines the effects of e-government on FDI and how government subsidies mediate relationships between e-government and FDI. Our results show that e-government positively affects FDI, and government subsidies have a positive effect on foreign enterprises' investment efficiency by playing a mediating role between e-government efficiency and FDI. The findings make both theoretical and practical implications related to the role, provision and acquisition of government subsidies; e-government systems and FDI; e-government scores and government efficiency; and firms maintaining focus on areas that are government priorities.
Research and Analysis of a Real Estate Virtual E-Commerce Model Based on Big Data Under the Background of COVID-19
Authors: Zhu Delong
Published: July 2021

The sudden attack of the new crown virus in 2020 has brought an unprecedented impact on the real estate market economy and has completely disrupted people's work and life rhythm! With the rapid development of the Internet, the Internet has penetrated into all aspects of people's lives. As soon as e-commerce was introduced, it was loved by the majority of young people and brought tremendous changes to people's lives. Based on this, this paper studies a real estate virtual e-commerce model based on big data. In the study of this model, this paper combines the advantages of e-commerce and virtual communities to design a more effective virtual e-commerce model. The analysis of e-commerce and virtual communities shows that the virtual e-commerce model designed in this paper is a more effective model, and the real estate virtual e-commerce model based on big data technology can serve the real estate industry. Do a good job in the sales reform of the real estate industry.
Development of a semiochemical-based trapping technique for efficient control ofOdoiporus longicollisOlivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Palanichamy S. , Boopathi T. , Uma S.
Published: July 2021

The banana stem weevil,Odoiporus longicollisOlivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important economic insect pest of bananas throughout the world. In this study, several important volatile substances were analysed to develop a semiochemical-based trapping technique for the control ofO. longicollis. Electroantennogram responses of both sexes were associated with electroantennogram-active compounds (1-hexanol, 1-heptanol,cis-3-Nonen-1-ol, methyl jasmonate, and terpenoids such as (–)-linalool, (+)-(1R)-α-pinene, (–)-(1S)-α-pinene, and 1,8-cineole) and then were analysed using a Y-tube olfactometer. The results revealed that only methyl jasmonate and 1-hexanol elicited strong behavioural responses inO. longicollis. These two semiochemicals and the host plant extract were evaluated individually and in a mixture for their efficiencies in attractingO. longicollisin order to develop a semiochemical-based trapping technique. The methyl jasmonate + host plant extract and 1-hexanol + host plant extract mixtures captured more weevils (> 3.5 times) than the host plant extract alone did in both high- and low-altitude regions. The captured weevils were female-dominated, with a mean sex ratio of 1:1.29 (males:females). This is the first report on the use of methyl jasmonate or 1-hexanol and the host plant extract as a potential attractant in mass trapping and managingO. longicollis.
SIGIRR Negatively Regulates IL-36–Driven Psoriasiform Inflammation and Neutrophil Infiltration in the Skin
Authors: Giannoudaki Eirini , Stefanska Anna M , Lawler Hazel , Leon Gemma , Hernandez Santana Yasmina E , Hassan Najma , Russell Shane E , Horan Rachel , Sweeney Cheryl , Preston Roger S , Mantovani Alberto , Garlanda Cecilia , Fallon Padraic G , Walsh Patrick T
Published: July 2021

SIGIRR has been described as a negative regulator of several IL-1R/TLR family members and has been implicated in several inflammatory disease conditions. However, it is unknown whether it can suppress IL-36 family cytokines, which are members of the broader IL-1 superfamily that have emerged as critical orchestrators of psoriatic inflammation in both humans and mice. In this study, we demonstrate that SIGIRR is downregulated in psoriatic lesions in humans and mice, and this correlates with increased expression of IL-36 family cytokines. Using Sigirr−/− mice, we identify, for the first time (to our knowledge), SIGIRR as a negative regulator of IL-36 responses in the skin. Mechanistically, we identify dendritic cells and keratinocytes as the primary cell subsets in which IL-36 proinflammatory responses are regulated by SIGIRR. Both cell types displayed elevated IL-36 responsiveness in absence of SIGIRR activity, characterized by enhanced expression of neutrophil chemoattractants, leading to increased neutrophil infiltration to the inflamed skin. Blockade of IL-36R signaling ameliorated exacerbated psoriasiform inflammation in Sigirr−/− mice and inhibited neutrophil infiltration. These data identify SIGIRR activity as an important regulatory node in suppressing IL-36–dependent psoriatic inflammation in humans and mice.
Testing soft tissue radiodensity parameters interplay with age and self-reported physical activity
Authors: Recenti Marco , Ricciardi Carlo , Edmunds Kyle , Jacob Deborah , Gambacorta Monica , Gargiulo Paolo
Published: July 2021

Aging well is directly associated to a healthy lifestyle. The focus of this paper is to relate individual wellness with medical image features. Non-linear trimodal regression analysis (NTRA) is a novel method that models the radiodensitometric distributions of x-ray computed tomography (CT) cross-sections. It generates 11 patient-specific parameters that describe the quality and quantity of muscle, fat, and connective tissues. In this research, the relationship of these 11 NTRA parameters with age, physical activity, and lifestyle is investigated in the 3,157 elderly volunteers AGES-I dataset. First, univariate statistical analyses were performed, and subjects were grouped by age and self-reported past (youth–midlife) and present (within 12 months of the survey) physical activity to ascertain which parameters were the most influential. Then, machine learning (ML) analyses were conducted to classify patients using NTRA parameters as input features for three ML algorithms. ML is also used to classify a Lifestyle index using the age groups. This classification analysis yielded robust results with the lifestyle index underlying the relevant differences of the soft tissues between age groups, especially in fat and connective tissue. Univariate statistical models suggested that NTRA parameters may be susceptible to age and differences between past and present physical activity levels. Moreover, for both age and physical activity, lean muscle parameters expressed more significant variation than fat and connective tissues.
Effect of short- and long-term immunization of recombinant disorganized muscle protein-1 (rDIM-1) against human filarial parasite Brugia malayi in rodents
Authors: Kushwaha Vikas , Murthy Puvvada Kalpana
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of short-term and long-term immunization of recombinant disorganized muscle protein-1 (rDIM-1) in rodents against human filarial parasite Brugia malayi.

Methods:

Recombinant Brugia malayi DIM-1 (rDIM-1bm) protein was cloned, expressed and purified using a Ni-NTA affinity column. Mastomys coucha were immunized with rDIM-1bm in three immunization schedules: short-term (3-dose of rDIM-1bm), and long-term (booster doses till 3- and 6-week) and subsequently challenged with infective third-stage larvae of filarial parasite Brugia malayi (L3). Microfilaraemia was monitored in L3 exposed groups on day 90 post larval inoculation (p.l.i.) and continued till day 205 p.l.i. On day 205 p.l.i. all the infected animals were killed and total worm burden was estimated. Cellular proliferative response, macrophage activity, nitric oxide (NO) release, specific IgG and its subtypes, IgE, IgA and Th1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13) cytokine release were determined.

Results:

Of the 3 different immunization schedules, short-term immunization (3-dose schedule) showed better reduction in microfilarial burden (36%-63%) in the peripheral circulation, adult worm load (52%), whereas long-term immunization (3- and 6-week schedule) exerted less effect on peripheral microfilariae count (9%-58%), and adult worm burden (9%-12.5%). Short-term immunization resulted in upregulation of cellular proliferation, macrophages activity, NO release, specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgE and IgA levels and both Th1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13) cytokine release whereas long-term immunization (3- and 6-week schedule) exerted less effect on parasite burden and showed mixed immunological responses. None of the rDIM-1bm administration schedules induced any pathology in lymphoid tissues, or alteration in mast cell number and granularity.

Conclusions:

The short-term immunization with rDIM-1bm (3-dose schedule) induces robust immune responses and protects the host from filarial parasite infection.
Antibacterial resistance patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii complex
Authors: Mostafavi Sayed Nassereddin , Rostami Soodabeh , Nokhodian Zary , Ataei Behrooz , Cheraghi Azam , Ataabadi Parisa , Almasi Naser , Norouzi Zohreh , Kelishadi Roya
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of the Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii complex isolates that cause the confirmed infection.

Methods:

The present descriptive study was performed from March 2016 to March 2018 in three referral hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. All A. baumannii complex strains isolated from different clinical samples were identified by conventional phenotypic methods and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was detected. After the clinical investigation, contaminated samples were excluded and the source (hospital/community) and site of the infection were determined. Data on antibiotic susceptibility testing were extracted from WHONET software and analysis was done with SPSS.

Results:

From 254 patients who had confirmed A. baumannii complex infection, 158 (62.20%) cases were male, 27 (10.63%) were less than 20 years old, 172 (67.72%) had healthcare-associated infections and 96 (37.79%) were admitted in intensive care units. The most frequent infection was bloodstream infections (111, 43.70%). Our results showed that most of the isolates were resistant to most of the antibiotics (more than 75.00%) and a lower rate of non-susceptibility was observed against minocycline (20, 44.44%) and colistin (0%). The rate of multidrug-resistant isolates was 88.97%. There was no significant difference between resistance of A. baumannii complex isolates according to age. However, the resistance to amikacin and minocycline and the rate of multidrug resistance (MDR) were significantly different between males and females. In patients with healthcare associated infection (HAI), MDR isolates were significantly different regarding admission in ICU ward. Resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were lower in isolates from patients with bloodstream infections in comparison to other diagnoses.

Conclusions:

In our study, a high level of antibiotic resistance was detected in both community-acquired and healthcare-associated A. baumannii complex infections. Appropriate antibiotic prescription in a clinical setting is an essential need for the control and prevention of A. baumannii resistant infections.
Phylogeny of Brucella abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kovalev Dmitry A. , Ponomarenko Dmitriy G. , Pisarenko Sergey V. , Shapakov Nikolay A. , Khachaturova Anna A. , Serdyuk Natalia S. , Bobrysheva Olga V. , Kulichenko Alexander N.
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To study Brucella (B.) abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation, in order to identify their detailed position in the phylogenetic structure of the species global population as well as to determine genetic relationships for isolates from different geographical areas.

Methods:

Based on Bayesian method, the whole genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of 258 B. abortus strains from different geographical areas of the world including 20 B. abortus strains isolated in Russia was carried out.

Results:

The core genome SNP analysis of the B. abortus isolates allowed describing the main genetic lineages. The Russian strains entered two separate clades, including the basal branch and the C1 branch that is widely spread in Eurasia. The data on the isolation time was used for the dating of phylogenetic tree, and also the estimated time frame for the B. abortus genotype diversification was determined. There were sets of specific SNPs identified, which defined each of the genotypes and sub-genotypes.

Conclusions:

A significant genetic diversity of the brucellosis pathogen strains from Russia has been proven. The sets of unique specific SNPs described in our study may become one of the elements within a bio-informational analysis algorithm to be used for epidemiological study of brucellosis outbreaks, including those caused by new (atypical) genetic variants of B. abortus.
Transanal Small Bowel Evisceration in a 3-Year-Old Victim of Motor Vehicle Accident
Authors: Bhosale Minakshi , Sangle Ameya , Bhat Ganesh , Dambal Praveen
Published: July 2021

Although motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) in children are common, pediatric rectal perforations secondary to MVAs leading to transanal evisceration of the small bowel are very rare. Herniation of bowel through breach in the rectal wall seen eviscerating through the anus is a surgical emergency requiring laparotomy and necessary surgical procedure. We report case of a 3-year-old boy, victim of run-over MVA accident, presenting with bilateral fracture shaft femur, fracture of the left humerus, and transanal small bowel evisceration. About 30–40 cm long, gangrenous, small bowel loop was hanging outside the anal canal. Two consecutive surgeries were performed to manage this unusual and complex case with an excellent outcome. This report is presented for an extremely rare presentation of MVA injury in a child.
Hemoperitoneum Due to Ruptured Botryoid Sarcoma of the Uterus in Young Girl
Authors: Ramaswamy Rajendran , Ali Elsayed , Ghalib Saif Saeed , Mukattash Ghazi
Published: July 2021

Five-year-old girl presented with lower abdominal pain, pelvi-abdominal mass, and generalized abdominal tenderness. Ultrasound and computed tomography scans diagnosed heterogeneous pelvi-abdominal soft-tissue mass and a large amount of free peritoneal fluid. Laparotomy revealed hemoperitoneum and ruptured tumor at the posterior uterine wall. Histopathology report was botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma (BRMS). This case is unique due to ruptured BRMS of the uterus in early childhood, with no vaginal bleeding.
Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
Authors: Zameer M. M. , Rao Sanjay , Chandrashekar Vinay , D’Cruz Ashley
Published: July 2021

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare melanin-containing mesenchymal tumor of neural crest origin. We present a case of MNTI in a 1-year-old girl. It was managed successfully with conservative excision (enucleation).
Growth and Development Assessment of Children (1–5 Years) Operated for Tracheoesophageal Fistula/Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Maan Monika , Kaur Sukhwinder , Kalyan Geetanjli , Samujh Ram , Peters Nitin James , Bharti Bhavneet , Malhi Prahbhjot
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Among children, esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is one of the major and common congenital anomalies. It is a life-threatening emergency and at birth may be associated with three C's coughing, choking, and cyanosis. It requires surgical interventions in the early neonatal period. The postsurgical period is associated with poor growth which can be developmental outcomes particularly in the first 5 years of life and attributed to postsurgical complications. The aim of the study is to assess and compare the growth and development of the children (1–5 years) operated for TEF/EA attending Pediatric Surgery OPD/admitted inwards at APC, PGIMER, Chandigarh versus healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted on age-matched 40 children aged between 1 and 5 years operated for TEF/EA and healthy controls. The sampling technique for cases was total enumeration and for controls was purposive sampling. Tools used were socio-demographic sheets of children, clinical profile of children, Trivandrum Development Screening chart, and Vineland Social Maturity Scale for Indian adaptation.

Results:

Majority 33 (82.5%) of children had distal TEF and more than two-third 28 (70%) have undergone primary repair. More than one-third 14 (35%) had a respiratory infection, 12 (30%) anastomosis leakage and 6 (15%) had Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) as one of the early and late postoperative complications. More than one-fourth 11 (27.5%) of TEF/EA operated children had less weight, 11 (30%) had less height and 16 (40%) had less weight for height for their reference age. A significant difference was found for height for age, weight for height, and social maturity among children who had TEF repair as compared to their healthy counterparts.

Conclusion:

Growth monitoring reflected (more than one-fourth of children were underweight and stunted while more than one-third were wasted) and showed development delay in TEF/EA operated children as compared to healthy controls.
Basic Oral Health Knowledge and Awareness among Rural Adults
Authors: Bhangu Amanpreet Kaur , Dhillon Mehraab , Ghuman Karan Singh , Kumar Mandeep , Goel Richa , Gambhir Ramandeep Singh
Published: July 2021

Background:

It is very important to identify common oral health problems particularly in rural areas and create awareness for the same so that people can make informed choices. This study was conducted among the adult population residing in rural areas to assess their oral health knowledge and awareness.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population residing in rural areas around the dental clinic. A total of 662 participants constituted the final sample size after making necessary exclusions. A self-designed close-ended questionnaire written in English and Punjabi (local language) was constructed specifically for the study. The questionnaire was split into two sections. Analysis of variance and t-test were used in statistical analysis.

Results:

Majority of the participants (450, 68%) were male and 42.6% (282) of participants were in the age group of 41–50 years. Only 38% (251) of participants gave a positive response when asked about the importance of good oral health. About 40.2% (264) of participants believed that dental problems get cured solely by medicines. Low knowledge scores were recorded in 38.2% (252) of participants. Mean knowledge scores of the study participants were significantly associated with education (0.016) and occupation (0.027).

Conclusion:

Oral health knowledge and awareness among majority of study participants were not satisfactory. Therefore, the study emphasizes an urgent need for dental awareness and education programs targeting the rural masses.
Relation between Media Habits with Behavior Management Problems Along with Dental Anxiety during Dental Procedures in Children
Authors: Deolia Shravani , Chaurasia Abhishree Vinod , Kohale Renuka Ajay , Makode Sonal Shrikrushna , Nimbulkar Gargi , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav
Published: July 2021

Background:

Relationship between children's media habit with their anxiety and behavior management problems (BMPs) is clinically relevant in establishing the link of usage of social media with dental fear and problems in behavior management during dental chairside treatment. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between media habits with BMPs along with dental anxiety (DA) during dental procedures in children.

Materials and Methods:

Overall, fifty patients of 3–10 years old were selected. DA and BMP were recorded by application of Clinical Anxiety Rating Scale and Frankel's Rating Scale in dental procedure. Parents reported their own DA on a Likert scale and also the time spend on using media and its type by children as well as parents was noted. Analysis of data was done with Mann–Whitney U and Chi-square test at “P < 0.05” significant level.

Results:

In children with BMP, TV watching and overall usage of electronic media were found more compared to those without BMP, this was significant. There was no significant correlation of total hours of TV watching and overall media time in children with DA. While in children with BMP, TV watching and overall usage of electronic media were found more compared to those without BMP, this was significant. There was a significant correlation of total hours of TV watching and overall media time in children with DA and BMP.

Conclusions:

There was a significant relation between BMPs with media usage in children while the same was insignificant with DA.
A Comparative Study of Oral Health Status of Outpatients with Mental Disorders and Healthy Controls in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Amedari McKing Izeiza , Akinsulore Adesanmi , Ogunbodede Eyitope O , Jeboda Sonny O
Published: July 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine and compare the oral health status of outpatients with mental disorders (OPMDs) and healthy controls (HCs) in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Methodology:

A comparative cross-sectional study among 140 OPMDs was consecutively recruited from the Mental Health Clinic of a Nigerian tertiary teaching hospital. Furthermore, 140 age- and sex-matched HCs screened using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire were recruited from the general outpatient clinic. Oral health status was assessed using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, the community periodontal index modified (CPI modified), the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), and the gingival index (GI). Bivariate analyses were carried out to make comparisons between the two groups, and the level of significance was set atP< 0.05.

Results:

A total of 280 participants were recruited. This comprised 68 male participants and 72 female participants in each group. The mean DMFT in the OPMD group was 0.50 (±1.09) and 0.17 (0.645) for the HC group. The prevalence of dental caries was 24.3% in the OPMD group and 10% in the HC group. The mean OHI-S score was 2.68 (±0.97) and 2.38 (±0.98) and GI score was 1.09 (±0.46) and 0.87 (±0.87), while clinical attachment loss was seen in 48.5% and 32.8% for the OPMD and HC groups, respectively.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of common oral diseases in OPMD was higher compared to HC, thus the study provides evidence on the poor oral health of OPMD. Furthermore, there is a need to incorporate preventive dental education into the management of OPMD.
Role of Family Physicians in Maintaining Oral Health and Wellness
Authors: Kumar Raman
Published: July 2021

The family physician's role is to provide whole-body care across all age groups irrespective of the organ system. They provide preventive, promotive, and curative care to families and communities. Due to the traditional fragmentation of the health-care education system, mouth and oral health do not fall into one discipline. Family physicians are positioned uniquely within the health system where they can play a very important role in the provision of oral health care. Family physicians by virtue of their experience and training are capable of screening and providing care a multisystemic approach. They have a continuity of care relationship with the patients and families. And families visit their family doctors multiple times for multiple health problems. During contact with family, physicians have the opportunity to peep into the window of the body – the oral cavity.
A Rare Case of Leiomyosarcoma of the Prostate
Authors: Pemmaraju Gopal , Sharma Sanjay , Parab Anand , Singh Anuradha , Barsing Shubhangi
Published: July 2021

Leiomyosarcoma is most common in adults and constitutes 38%–52% of primary prostatic sarcomas. Primary prostatic leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare which accounts for 0.1% of all prostatic malignancies. Patients present with signs and symptoms generally encountered with prostatic enlargement. A 41-year-old gentleman presented with complaints of burning micturition and difficulty in passing urine and stools for 1 month. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed a 10 cm × 5.6 cm × 5.9 cm heterogeneous mass lesion originating from the prostate gland extending into bilateral seminal vesicles. There is loss of fat planes with bladder, rectum, and rectosigmoid. Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis as leiomyosarcoma of the prostate. Because of the proximity of the prostate with urinary bladder and difficulty in resection, the patient received neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to a dose of 30 Gy in 5 fractions alternate day over a period of 2 weeks. The patient underwent cystoscopy, followed by radical prostatectomy 1 month post-SBRT. Histopathological examination of the prostatectomy specimen was suggestive of high-grade spindle cell neoplasm. The margins were focally involved by the tumor. Because of positive margins, the patient underwent adjuvant radiation treatment to postoperative primary tumor bed to a dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions by conventional fractionation on Halcyon 2.0. The patient tolerated the treatment well with minimal side effects. The patient is symptom-free and disease-free 3 months posttreatment and needs regular and long follow-up.
Возрастание энтропии и необратимость времени в гамильтоновой динамике
Authors: Pavlov Vladimir Petrovich , Sergeev Viktor Mikhailovich , Shamin Roman Vyacheslavovich
Published: July 2021

Построена модель гамильтоновой полевой теории, объединяющей гидродинамику и термодинамику. В этой модели в качестве уравнений Гамильтона фигурируют уравнение непрерывности и уравнение Эйлера для потенциального течения, а в качестве уравнений связей второго рода - уравнения состояния (или эквивалентные им уравнения Гиббса). Редуцированная на поверхность связей второго рода плотность функции Гамильтона является суммой плотностей кинетической и потенциальной энергий, причем в качестве потенциальной энергии выступает свободная энергия. На поверхности связей второго рода возникает естественная симплектическая структура и канонические переменные, функциями которых являются все физические переменные. В частности, с точки зрения гамильтонова формализма энтропия интерпретируется как обобщенная скорость - множитель Лагранжа при соответствующей связи второго рода, выражающей температуру как функцию канонических переменных на последнем этапе редукции. На последнем этапе этот множитель выражается через канонические переменные, в результате чего возникает нетривиальное уравнение движения для энтропии.
Чтобы продвинуться дальше, следует еще более конкретизировать модель, фиксировав зависимость удельной свободной энергии от своих аргументов. Выбирается простейший нетривиальный вариант - одноатомный газ Ван-дер-Ваальса, атомы которого находятся в основном состоянии. Канонические уравнения Гамильтона позволяют вычислить скорость изменения энтропии этой динамической системы. Для физически интересной ситуации, когда эволюция системы приводит к равновесию, энтропия и скорость ее изменения являются функционалами от решения динамических уравнений для плотности. Численное решение этих уравнений дает монотонный рост энтропии (для конечного времени эволюции). Для нахождения асимптотики по времени уравнения можно линеаризовать; для асимптотической эволюции отклонения плотности от равновесного значения получается не гиперболическое, а эллиптическое уравнение с "неправильным" знаком аналога квадрата скорости звука. Тем самым обратимость решения во времени теряется.
Вакуумные плотности заряда и тока в закритической двумерной системе Дирака-Кулона в магнитном поле с аксиальным векторным потенциалом
Authors: Davydov Andrei Semenovich , Krasnov Artem Aleksandrovich , Kuzmin Vladimir Alexandrovich
Published: July 2021

Для планарной системы Дирака-Кулона со сверхкритическим протяженным аксиально-симметричным кулоновским источником с зарядом $Z > Z_{cr,1}$ и радиусом $R_0$ в присутствии магнитного поля с аксиальным векторным потенциалом рассмотрены непертубативные эффекты поляризации вакуума в закритической области. Исследовано поведение вакуумных плотностей заряда $\rho_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$ и тока $\vec{j}_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$. Основное внимание уделено расходимостям теории, соответствующей перенормировке и сходимости парциальных рядов для $\rho_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$ и $\vec{j}_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$. Подчеркнуто, что, в отличие от вакуумной плотности заряда, для вычисления вакуумной плотности тока в присутствии локализованного при $R_1>R_0$ внешнего магнитного поля необходимо учитывать парциальные каналы с большими значениями третьей проекции полного углового момента $|m_j|$. Показано, что в присутствии закритического кулоновского источника наведенное магнитное поле при определенных значениях параметров внешнего векторного потенциала способно усиливать исходное магнитное поле.
Иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили типов B и C
Authors: Zabrodin Anton Vladimirovich
Published: July 2021

Дан краткий обзор иерархий Кадомцева-Петвиашвили типов B и C. Основными обсуждающимися объектами являются $L$-оператор, волновой оператор, вспомогательные линейные задачи для волновой функции, билинейные тождества для волновой функции и тау-функции. Проясняются связи с обычной иерархией Кадомцева-Петвиашвили (типа A). Приведены примеры солитонных решений и рассматривается бездисперсионный предел указанных иерархий.
Об отсутствии глобальных периодических решений нелинейного
эволюционного уравнения типа Шредингера
Authors: Nasibov Sharif Mamed ogly
Published: July 2021

Исследуется вопрос об отсутствии глобальных периодических решений нелинейного эволюционного уравнения типа Шредингера с демпфированным линейным членом. Доказано, что в случае, когда коэффициент демпфирования неотрицательный, исследуемая задача не имеет глобальных периодических решений при любых начальных данных, а в случае отрицательного коэффициента демпфирования это утверждение остается в силе при достаточно больших значениях начальных данных.
Слабое условие для одного класса гамильтоновых систем с $p$-лапласианом
Authors: Benhassine Abderrazek Benhassine
Published: July 2021

Для уравнений в частных производных, известных как гамильтоновы системы с $p$-лапласианом, приведено общее слабое достаточное условие существования последовательности решений, сходящейся к нулю, которое очень близко к необходимому и достаточному условию. Также даны иллюстрации основного теоретического результата.
Characteristics of Three Person-to-Person Transmission Clusters of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Southeastern China
Authors: Tao Mingyong , Liu Ying , Ling Feng , Zhang Rong , Shi Xuguang , Ren Jiangping , Guo Song , Sun Jimin , Jiang Jianmin
Published: July 2021

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease worldwide. It can be transmitted from person to person, and the fatality rate is very high. During this study, three SFTS clusters including 12 associated cases were identified in three counties in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2020. The median age of the three index patients was 70 years, and that of secondary case patients was 59 years. Of note, the mortality rate of the index patients was 100%. The mortality rate of secondary case patients was 11%. The total secondary attack rate (SAR) was 30% (9/30). The SARs of cluster A, cluster B, and cluster C were 38% (3/8), 21% (3/14), and 38% (3/8), respectively. Additionally, the interval from onset to diagnosis was 4 days. The intervals from disease onset to confirmation of the index cases and secondary cases were 7 days and 4 days, respectively. All secondary case patients had a history of close contact with blood or body fluids of the index patients. These results indicate that SFTS patients should not be discharged until recovery. When SFTS patients die, the corpses should be transferred directly from the hospital to the crematorium for cremation by persons wearing proper protective equipment to prevent virus transmission.
Comunicaciones del XXXVIII Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica. Bilbao, 9-11 de Octubre de 2013
Authors: Ochando García Antonio
Published: July 2021

Desde la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica es un placer presentaros la recopilación, de los trabajos de investigación presentados al XXXVIII Congreso Nacional de la SEDEN que se celebra este año en Bilbao.Un año de retos, en que reunirnos para alentar la actividad investigadora y compartir experiencias que amplían los horizontes profesionales parecía una tarea compleja.Cada trabajo expresa, curiosidad, pasión, dedicación, tiempo robado al descanso, creatividad, originalidad, además de una mejor aplicación de la metodología científica, y de la exposición temática.Resulta evidente que los Enfermeros de Nefrología aprendemos a mostrar lo que hacemos, lo que sabemos, lo que somos. Y hacerlo con la perspectiva de mejorar los cuidados de las personas con enfermedad renal es una tarea noble y necesaria.Como cada año el Congreso demostrará que estamos unidos, que tenemos ansia de aprender, ¿en qué otro Congreso científi co podría encontrarse congresistas sentados en el suelo por exceso de aforo? Demostramos que somos curio-sos, insaciables, inquietos, que estamos unidos en conseguir la excelencia en los cuidados y en preservar celosamente nuestra área de conocimientos.Que nuestro desempeño profesional florece y mejora con la adversidad y que seguimos aprendiendo, moldeándonos continuamente, capacitándonos para transformar, incorporar y crear, métodos, técnicas, procedimientos y evidencia que nos permitan prevenir, anticipar, cuidar, preservar, mantener y despedir la vida de las personas con enfermedad renal. ¿Quién más versátil e innovador que los Enfermeros de Nefrología. Gracias y enhorabuena a los autores de los trabajos por lo que aportan y enriquecen, agradecimiento, a los evaluadores, por la complejidad de la selección de trabajos, y a los que colaboran en la edición para que esta colección de trabajos de fe de lo viva que está la Enfermería Nefrológica.
Comunicaciones del XL Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica. Valencia, 6-8 de octubre de 2015
Authors: Ochando García Antonio
Published: July 2021

Como Vocal de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica es un placer ofreceros el resumen de los trabajos de investigación presentados al XL Congreso Nacional de la SEDEN que se celebra este año en Valencia. Hace ya 40 años que, centrados en el cuidado de las personas con enfermedad renal, los Enfermeros de Nefrología se reúnen para compartir experiencias, crear lazos de amistad y tejer redes de cooperación. Cada año se aúnan en los trabajos pasión, tiempo robado a la familia o al ocio, ilusión, originalidad. Cada año se incorporan nuevos enfermeros, savia y sabor nuevos y nos nutrimos del saber hacer de los veteranos.Cada año el Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica da testimonio del compromiso profesional y personal de todos nosotros y permite demostrar la unidad de la profesión,el deseo de mejorar las técnicas y ampliar los conocimientos. Enhorabuena a todos los que en estos años han aportado sus trabajos de investigación y divulgación, porque cada conocimiento adquirido nos enriquece a todos.A todos los que hemos disfrutado escuchando las exposiciones a pié de póster o en comunicaciones orales (Talante y talento en cada sesión) ánimo para participar y seguir avanzando juntos.Gracias a los Evaluadores, unas GRACIAS especiales al trabajo excelente de la Secretaría de nuestra Sociedad, conocemos la complejidad de su labor. Y por supuesto a todos los que colaboran en la edición de esta recopilación que cada año da fe del buen hacer de los Enfermeros de Nefrología.