bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Psychological Differences within China Explained by the Zongfa System
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Gong Weigang , Ren Xiaopeng , Zhu Tingshao
Published: April 2023

Recently, more and more scholars have realised differences in terms of individualism and collectivism within China; however, they are often unable to explain the reasons. Social institutions may affect culture prior to ecological factors. As early as the 11th century BCE, the country developed a new and unique kinship-intensive system—the zongfa system—on a kinship-based social structure. The zongfa system’s core value was the inheritance right of the eldest son of the principal wife and the assurance of posthumous worship. This system adjusted the most important social relations of individuals: property and personal relations. It turns the personal property relationship into an economic one within the family and Chinese lineage. It also encourages individuals to play their roles and fulfil their obligations in the established social relationship. Therefore, collectivism becomes the inevitable cultural result of the zongfa system. Noticeably, the regional differences in China’s zongfa system exhibit similar characteristics to the regional differences between individualism and collectivism. Proposedly, regional differences in zongfa systems may have contributed to differences in individualist and collectivist cultures within China. To test this hypothesis, three studies were conducted. Study 1 used questionnaires to collect data from 6,700 subjects and found through regression analysis that individuals’ frequency of activities related to the zongfa system significantly and positively predicted collectivism. Study 2 utilised social media (Weibo) big data to measure the individualism and collectivism of over 300,000 subjects from more than 190 cities. Through hierarchical linear regression, it was found that the zongfa system at the city level significantly and positively predicted individuals’ collectivism. Study 3 employed the macro-data of 816 districts and counties in China and verified the hypothesis through mediation and structural equation analyses. It further posited that regional differences in zongfa systems were for maintaining social stability and strengthening social control. It also assumed an intermediary model of ‘distance from the political centre → regional differences in zongfa systems → cultural differences in individualism/collectivism’. The three studies consistently found that the zongfa system can effectively explain the cultural differences in individualism and collectivism within China. Moreover, this study discussed the evidence related to previous theories in the findings and illustrated the contributions, limitations and future research directions.
Paving the way for social touch at a distance: sonifying tactile interactions and their underlying emotions
Authors: de Lagarde Alexandra , Pelachaud Catherine , Kirsch Louise P , Auvray Malika
Published: April 2023

Social touch is crucial for human well-being, as a lack of tactile interactions increases anxiety, loneliness and need for social support. To address the detrimental effects of social isolation, we build on cutting-edge research on social touch and movement sonification to investigate whether social tactile gestures could be perceived through sounds, a sensory channel giving access to remote information. Four experiments investigated participants’ perception of auditory stimuli that were recorded with our ‘audio-touch’ sonification technique, which captures the sounds of touch. In the first experiment, participants correctly categorized sonified skin-on-skin tactile gestures (i.e., stroking, rubbing, tapping, hitting). In the second experiment, the audio-touch sample consisted of the sonification of six socio-emotional intentions conveyed through touch (i.e., anger, attention, fear, joy, love, sympathy). Participants’ valence ratings of the underlying touch were coherent with the intended emotions, while their categorization presented more variability. In two additional experiments investigating the characteristics of the surface involved in the tactile interactions (i.e skin or object), skin proved to be a critical factor in the auditory categorization of both gestural and emotional audio-touch stimuli. This result reveals that human skin-on-skin interactions convey information which sets them apart, perceptually, from object-on-object interactions. Our research thus unveils that social touch can be perceived through sounds, when they are obtained with our specific sonifying methodology, tailored for skin-on-skin interactions. This bears great promise for giving remote access, through the auditory channel, to meaningful social touch interactions.
Eye movements reflect active statistical learning
Authors: Arato Jozsef , Rothkopf Constantin A. , Fiser Jozsef
Published: April 2023

What is the link between eye movements and sensory learning? Although some theories have argued for an automatic interaction between what we know and where we look that continuously modulates human information gathering behavior during both implicit and explicit learning, there exists limited experimental evidence supporting such an ongoing interplay. To address this issue, we used a visual statistical learning paradigm combined with a gaze contingent stimulus presentation and manipulated the explicitness of the task to explore how learning and eye movements interact. During both implicit exploration and explicit visual learning of unknown composite visual scenes, spatial eye movement patterns systematically and gradually changed in accordance with the underlying statistical structure of the scenes. Moreover, the degree of change was directly correlated with the amount and type of knowledge the observers acquired. This suggests that eye-movements are potential indicators of active learning, a process where long-term knowledge, current visual stimuli and an inherent tendency to reduce uncertainty about the visual environment jointly determine where we look.
Recommended Practices in Latent Class Analysis using the Open-Source R-Package tidySEM
Authors: Van Lissa Caspar J. , Garnier-Villarreal Mauricio , Anadria Daniel
Published: April 2023

Latent class analysis (LCA) refers to techniques for identifying groups in data based on a parametric model. Examples include mixture models, LCA with ordinal indicators, and latent class growth analysis. Despite its popularity, there is limited guidance with respect to decisions that must be made when conducting and reporting LCA. Moreover, there is a lack of user-friendly open-source implementations. Based on contemporary academic discourse, this paper introduces recommendations for LCA which are summarized in the SMART-LCA checklist: Standards for More Accuracy in Reporting of different Types of Latent Class Analysis. The free open-source R-package package tidySEM implements the practices recommended here. It is easy for beginners to adopt thanks to user-friendly wrapper functions, and yet remains relevant for expert users as its models are integrated within the OpenMx structural equation modeling framework and remain fully customizable. The Appendices and tidySEM package vignettes include tutorial examples of common applications of LCA.
Epigenetic and chronological age: Associations with cognitive performance in daily life
Authors: Zavala Daisy V , Dzikowski Natali , Gopalan Shyamalika , Harrington Karra , Pasquini Giancarlo , Mogle Jacqueline , Reid Kerry , Sliwinski Martin , Graham-Engeland Jennifer , Engeland Christopher Gerald , Bernard Kristin , Veeramah Krishna , Scott Stacey
Published: April 2023

DNA methylation-derived epigenetic clocks offer the opportunity to examine aspects of age acceleration (i.e., the difference between an individual’s biological age and chronological age), which vary among individuals and may better account for age-related changes in cognitive function than chronological age. Leveraging existing ambulatory cognitive assessments in daily life from a genetically diverse sample of 142 adults in midlife, we examined associations between five measures of epigenetic age acceleration and performance on tasks of processing speed and working memory. Covarying for chronological age, we used multilevel models to examine associations of epigenetic age acceleration (Horvath 1, Horvath 2, Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge clocks) with both average-level and variability of cognitive performance. Positive age acceleration (i.e., epigenetic age greater than chronological age) was associated with poorer mean processing speed (Horvath 1 and 2) and working memory (GrimAge). Higher chronological age was also associated with poorer mean processing speed and working memory performance. Further, positive age acceleration was generally associated with greater intraindividual variability in working memory and processing speed tasks, whereas being chronologically older was associated with less intraindividual variability. Although further work is needed, our results indicate age acceleration effects have comparable or greater size as those for chronological age differences, suggesting that epigenetic age acceleration may be a better marker of risk and interindividual variation in cognitive performance than chronological age.
Uncovering the influence of time perception on decision-making about time
Authors: Guarda Pablo , Harvey Nigel , Muñoz Juan Carlos
Published: April 2023

Perception and decision-making are two cognitive processes that are strongly interrelated but that are rarely studied in a unified framework. When decisions concern time-related attributes, a proper understanding of the influence of time perception is critical to disentangle the role of these two cognitive processes on individuals’ choices. This paper reports a lab experiment with university students from London, United Kingdom, and Santiago, Chile to study the impact of time perception on their route choices in a transportation system. A major novelty in the experimental design is the inclusion of an experimental condition where participants must rely on their perception of the time attributes of animated bus trips to choose their preferred bus route. Subsequently, a numerical condition presents the attributes of the same bus routes with numbers, which serves as a baseline for interpreting the impact of time perception on route choice decisions. By leveraging psychophysical principles of time perception and a discrete choice modeling framework, we formulate behavioral models that integrate choice data gathered from the animated and numerical conditions. These models incorporate psychophysical functions to capture the ability of participants to perceive the time attributes of the available bus routes. Our results show that (i) the effect of time perception on route choice decisions is robust across countries ii) the participants’ preferences for waiting and in-vehicle time can be properly recovered if the effect of time perception is controlled for. This evidence should help to produce a unified account of the interrelationship between time perception and decision-making about time.
Utilising Patient and Public Involvement to Increase the Acceptability of Brief CBT for OCD in Young People
Authors: Waite Polly , Klampe Marie-Louise , Walters Sasha , Salkovskis Paul M.
Published: April 2023

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common and debilitating disorder that frequently begins in childhood and adolescence. Previous work (Bolton et al., 2011) has demonstrated that brief CBT (5 sessions), supplemented by therapeutic workbooks, is as effective as more traditional length (12 session) therapist-delivered treatment for adolescents with OCD. However, as was typical at the time, the treatment was developed with very limited patient and public involvement (PPI) and was delivered in the context of a randomised controlled trial which might affect translation to routine child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). To be able to implement such treatment within routine clinical services, it is crucial that it acceptable to young people, their families and the clinicians delivering the treatment. The aim of this project was to improve the acceptability of the brief treatment through PPI and consultation with clinicians and consider issues relating to implementation. This was done through written feedback, interviews and focus groups with five adolescents and two parents, and a focus group and a half-day workshop with 12 clinicians. This led to revisions to the workbooks and materials to improve (a) acceptability by updating the design through changes to wording, language, and images and to ensure that they were consistent with values of equality, diversity, and inclusion, and (b) usability by clarifying, adding, removing content, and organising the materials in new ways. We emphasise the importance of continued PPI throughout the project to maximise the translation of findings into practice.
Tracking variations in daily questionable health behaviors and their psychological roots: A preregistered experience sampling study
Authors: Lazarevic Ljiljana B. , Knezevic Goran , Purić Danka , Teovanovic Predrag , Petrović Marija , Ninković Milica , Zivanovic Marko , Stanković Sanda , Branković Marija , Lukic Petar , Opacic Goran , Zezelj Iris
Published: April 2023

People resort to various questionable health practices to preserve or regain health - they intentionally do not adhere to medical recommendations (e.g., self-medicate or modify the prescribed therapies;iNAR), or use traditional/complementary/alternative (TCAM) medicine. As retrospective reports overestimate adherence and suffer from recall and desirability bias, we tracked the variations in daily questionable health behaviors and compared them to their retrospectively reported lifetime use. We also preregistered and explored their relations to a wide set of psychological predictors - distal (personality traits and basic thinking dispositions) and proximal (different unfounded beliefs grouped under the term irrational mindset). A community sample (N=224) tracked daily engagement in iNAR and TCAM use during 14 days via experience sampling. We observed a high rate of questionable health practices over the 14 days; daily engagement rates roughly corresponded to lifetime ones. iNAR and TCAM were weakly, but robustly positively related. Independent of the assessment method, an irrational mindset was the most important predictor of TCAM use. For iNAR, however, psychological predictors emerged as relevant only when assessed retrospectively. Our study offers insight into questionable health behaviors from both a within and between-person perspective, and highlights the importance of their psychological roots.
Familiar Story Structures Possess an Evolutionary Edge in Memory
Authors: Alaoui-Soce Abla , Tamir Diana
Published: April 2023

Human beings demonstrate a universal impulse to share and consume stories. Over generations of transmission, within and across cultures, stories have evolved, with some story structures surviving better than others. Here, we investigate the factors theorized to guide this selection. Across three studies, our project tracks the evolution of stories in real time as participants tell and retell a story for 5 days in a row. Each study varies the structure of the initial story to manipulate its familiarity and structure. We predict that stories with familiar structures will survive better across retellings. Study 1 tracks the evolution of a story with no recognizable structure using novel story structure metrics. Study 2 compares the evolution of a story with structure and without structure. Study 3 compares the evolution of a familiarly structured story with an unfamiliarly structured story. Results show that all stories become more structurally stable across retellings, with stories moving in a consistent direction (i.e., towards a consistent final form). Stories with more familiar structures show greater evolutionary stability: They are modified less than both unstructured (Study 2) and unfamiliar stories (Study 3), and are either consistently more structurally stable across retellings (Study 2) or start out more stable in earlier retellings (Study 3). By the last generation of recall, people show greater agreement in their recall of more familiarly structured stories than unfamiliarly structured stories (Study 3). This suggests that familiar stories with structural integrity have an evolutionary edge over unfamiliar structures, surviving better in people’s memories.
Innovating to solve a novel puzzle: Wild Asian elephants vary in their ability to problem solve
Authors: Jacobson Sarah Louise , Dechanupong Juthapathra , Horpiencharoen Wantida , Yindee Marnoch , Plotnik Joshua M
Published: April 2023

An animal’s capacity for innovation ¬or solving novel problems likely has important implications for how quickly they can adapt to environmental change. Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) living in zoos have previously demonstrated a capacity to innovate, but problem solving has never been studied experimentally in a wild elephant population. We installed puzzle boxes with multiple possible solutions inside a protected area in western Thailand to determine individual variation in innovation, as well as other behavioral traits associated with elephants’ problem solving, including persistence, exploratory diversity, and neophilia. We recorded 77 elephants approaching the puzzle box, with 44 interacting with the box in their first exposure. Individuals varied widely in their success opening the doors of the puzzle box. Such success was influenced by persistence and exploratory diversity in both the first interaction as well as across multiple interactions. However, when considering each individual’s overall innovation scores, which represented how many different doors elephants were able to open across all of their interactions with the puzzle box, only greater persistence and interaction number were associated with reaching a higher innovation score. We observed that elephants who interacted with the box multiple times learned to open a door of any type more quickly as their interactions increased, but we did not see evidence of learning to open specific door types over time. Overall, this study about how innovation and its associated behaviors vary in wild elephants not only informs our understanding of how a capacity for problem solving is expressed, but also how well elephants may be able to adapt to, overcome or avoid increasingly frequent interactions with humans within their natural habitat.
Surprisal does not explain syntactic disambiguation difficulty: evidence from a large-scale benchmark
Authors: Huang Kuan-Jung , Arehalli Suhas , Kugemoto Mari , Muxica Christian , Prasad Grusha , Dillon Brian , Linzen Tal
Published: April 2023

Prediction has been proposed as an overarching principle that explains human information processing in language and beyond. To what degree can processing difficulty in syntactically complex sentences - one of the major concerns of psycholinguistics - be explained by predictability, as estimated using computational language models? A precise, quantitative test of this question requires a much larger scale data collection effort than has been done in the past. We present the Syntactic Ambiguity Processing Benchmark, a dataset of self-paced reading times from 2000 participants, who read a diverse set of complex English sentences. This dataset makes it possible to measure processing difficulty associated with individual syntactic constructions, and even individual sentences, precisely enough to rigorously test the predictions of computational models of language comprehension. We find that the predictions of language models with two different architectures sharply diverge from the reading time data, dramatically underpredicting processing difficulty, failing to predict relative difficulty among different syntactic ambiguous constructions, and only partially explaining item-wise variability. These findings suggest that prediction is most likely insufficient on its own to explain human syntactic processing.
First record of frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Osteichthyes: Scombriformes: Scombridae) in the Syrian marine waters, the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Othman R.M. , Galiya M.Y. , Laika H.E. , Almajid Z.A.
Published: April 2023

We report for the first time the presence of frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacepède, 1800) in the Syrian marine waters in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. A specimen of A. thazard was caught in Purse seine nets in the fishery for bullet tuna A. rochei (Risso, 1810) in Ras al-Bassit in March 2022.
Agnotologia pedagogiczna (2). Ignorancja jako funkcja politycznego centralizmu i globalnego neoliberalizmu gospodarczego
Authors: Kwieciński Kazimierz Zbigniew
Published: April 2023

Jest to drugi esej z serii „Agnotologia pedagogiczna”. Agnotologia to studia nad szerzeniem nietolerancji (R.N. Proctor). Autor analizuje tu dwa problemy, dotyczące ignorancji jako nieuniknionej funkcji politycznego centralizmu i neoliberalnej gospodarki globalnej. Te dwie wielkie, dominujące siły same w sobie są antyedukacyjne, ale też prowadzą do całkowitej, nieomal śmiertelnej destrukcji systemów edukacji zorganizowanej. Narasta populizm i neofaszyzm. Młodzież, zanurzona w konsumpcjonizmie, nie zauważa, że została przez ‘gerontokratów’ ograbiona z własnej przyszłości, nie buntuje się. Co mogą zrobić pedagodzy i nauczyciele? Wezwanie do edukacji działań do oporu.
Nierówności społeczne: geneza – struktura – walory moralne
Authors: Pilch Tadeusz
Published: April 2023

W tekście wykonano analizę nierówności społecznych, potraktowanych tu jako zjawisko powszechne i uniwersalne. Przy podkreśleniu braku zgody na ich istnienie, autor wskazuje jednocześnie na takie cechy nierówności społecznych, jak związek z władzą polityczną, zracjonalizowany ahumanitaryzm i polimorficzność. Cechy te są ilustracją, jak bezradne wobec zjawiska ‘nierówności społecznych’ są demokracja, praworządność i rozumienie sprawiedliwości. Autor przekonuje, że podejmowane w różnych krajach działania nie zniwelowały tych nierówności, a ich nowym kreatorem stały się wykształcenie i bogactwo. Zwraca uwagę na takie problemy, jak gorsza sytuacja kobiet czy drastyczne ubóstwo dotyczące dużej części ludności świata, w tym dzieci. W artykule zaprezentowano ponadto formy upośledzania dzieci i wskazano, jakie zasady i regulacje uznać można za wartościowe. W ostatniej części tekstu nakreślono sytuację polityczno-społeczną w Polsce, wskazując na zagrożenia płynące z bezrefleksyjnego niszczenia lokalnej i narodowej wspólnoty i pogłębiania społecznych nierówności.
Katastrofa i kontrola niepewności. Pytania i hipotezy z socjologii dyskursu katastrofy
Authors: Wójtowicz Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Globalny strach i nadzieja nieodmiennie charakteryzują zbiorowe i indywidualne postawy wobec licznych w historii zaraz. Pandemia Covid-19 jest jedną z nich. Jej opisy naukowe i popularne miały liczne, społeczne uwarunkowania. Badanie ich dyskursów jest zadaniem socjologii. Przedsięwzięciem głównym jest w takich ujęciach analiza form i treści dyskursów dominujących, medycznych, publicznych, kulturowych. Z konkluzji wynika, że zmiany stanów chorobowych i potencjalnie śmiertelnych ich efektów są także społecznie zdeterminowane w stopniu możliwym do określenia i do kontroli poziomu ich istotności. Hipoteza ta jest silnie kulturowa, to znaczy, że społeczeństwa z wysokim kapitałem kulturowym mają większe szanse ratunku. Idzie tylko o pytanie, jaka struktura społeczna gwarantuje sukces.
‘Ewaluacja’ w akademii – los ‘skradzionego’ słowa
Authors: Mizerek Henryk
Published: April 2023

Celem autora tego artykułu jest wskazanie miejsc, w których prowadzenie badań ewaluacyjnych w szkole wyższej może przynieść oczekiwane rezultaty. Zostały tu przedstawione argumenty na rzecz tezy, że w trakcie projektowania, prowadzenia oraz komunikowania wyników badania konieczne są nie tylko kompetencje metodologiczne i wiedza merytoryczna na temat ich przedmiotu, lecz także dogłębna znajomość teorii powstałych w ramach wielu nurtów badań ewaluacyjnych. Uwagę skierowano tutaj na różnice między ocenianiem a ewaluacją oraz na specyfikę wyróżniającą badania ewaluacyjne na tle stosowanych badań społecznych. W tekście zamieszczono także analizę porównawczą założeń przyjmowanych w ramach współistniejących współcześnie nurtów w teorii i metodologii ewaluacji.
Wizualne przedstawienia religii i nowej duchowości w przestrzeni publicznej – na przykładzie Olsztyna i okolic
Authors: Zduniak Agnieszka
Published: April 2023

Kultura współczesna jest kulturą zdominowaną przez wszechobecność obrazów. Wizualne reprezentacje i manifestacje dotyczą także religii i duchowości. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja lokalnych przedstawień religii instytucjonalnej, religii sprywatyzowanej, nowej duchowości i religii kulturowej. Główną metodą badawczą jest analiza fotografii wykonanych w Olsztynie i okolicach miasta wiosną 2018 roku. Badania pozwoliły wyciągnąć wnioski m.in. o skonwencjonalizowanych obrazach religii.
Z historii i współczesności olsztyńskiej politologii
Authors: Gajowniczek Tomasz , Żukowski Arkadiusz
Published: April 2023

W artykule skoncentrowano się na przemianach instytucjonalno-organizacyjnych dotyczących tworzenia się ośrodka politologicznego w Olsztynie, którego geneza sięga końca lat sześćdziesiątych XX wieku. Aktywność olsztyńskiej politologii ukazano przede wszystkim poprzez pryzmat aktywności Instytutu Nauk Politycznych Wydziału Nauk Społecznych Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie utworzonego w 2001 roku. W powiązaniu ze zmianami organizacyjnymi przedstawiono ewolucję ofert dydaktycznych i rozwój kadry naukowej, m.in. poprzez uzyskiwane akredytacje i uprawnienia do nadawania stopni i tytułów naukowych. Znaczące miejsce poświęcono współpracy międzynarodowej oraz działalności publikacyjnej i wydawniczej. Ujęto też kwestie aktywności badawczej i popularyzowania nauki, a także współpracy naukowej ze studentami oraz politologicznego aktywizowania uczniów szkół średnich i podstawowych.
On the perception of science by Poles: corpus-based descriptive study of public consultation data
Authors: Dzimińska Małgorzata , Grabowski Łukasz , Krzewińska Aneta , Warwas Izabela
Published: April 2023

This descriptive study, conducted using corpus linguistic research methods, examines the ways the Polish public perceives science. Starting from selected assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis and the Linguistic Picture of the World, whereby language is seen primarily as a social practice and as a carrier of knowledge, opinions, beliefs and attitudes, we analyse the data obtained during public consultations on science communication which were held in 2019 in Poland, as part of the CONCISE project. The combined quantitative and qualitative analyses focus on selected collocations of a high-frequency noun nauka (‘science’) and aim to identify patterns of reference and agency within the discourse.The findings revealed citizens’ expectations concerning science, including its clarity,accessibility, understandability, visibility and credibility.
Dilemmas of online video review genre: An attempt at describing genre complexity in Polish and German linguistics
Authors: Hanus Anna , Kallaus Agnieszka
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to examine the changes in the genre pattern of review resulting from its expansion to a new online communication medium, i.e. the YouTube platform. The case study of two video reviews comprising four levels of analysis (structural, pragmatic, thematic-cognitive and stylistic) aims to compare the canonical version of the arts review and its modern online variants. The authors attempt to determine whether online video film reviews could be regarded as manifestations of the review genre evolution, intermedial adaptation, its genre pattern transformation, or – perhaps – the development of a distinct genre, characteristic of online communication only. Contrastive analysis based on selected methods of Polish linguistic genre studies applied in the context of German text type linguistics is intended to extend the scope of the ongoing research on genre with aspects of Polish and German research perspectives.
Wariantywne wyrażenie dziesiąta, dziewiąta, siódma, piąta itp. woda na, po kisielu w słownikach i w tekstach
Authors: Ignatowicz-Skowrońska Jolanta
Published: April 2023

Powodem podjęcia badań nad tytułowym wyrażeniem były dostrzeżone we współczesnych tekstach przykłady jego aktualizacji w znaczeniu nienotowanym w większości najnowszych słowników językowych. Celem prowadzenia badań była weryfikacja hipotezy, że związek we współczesnej polszczyźnie rozszerza swoją odnośność realną i nabywa nowego znaczenia, czemu służyła analiza notacji wyrażenia w zbiorach leksykograficznych i jego użyć w tekstach dawnej i współczesnej polszczyzny. Badania pokazały, że tytułowy związek niemal od początku swojego funkcjonowania w polszczyźnie używany był w dwóch odcieniach znaczeniowych: ‘bardzo daleki krewny’ i ‘luźny związek czegoś z czymś’, przy czym drugi odcień znaczeniowy, notowany w słownikach niekonsekwentnie oraz zilustrowany tylko jednym cytatem, nie został zarejestrowany w większości współczesnych zbiorów leksykograficznych. Badania pokazały też, że wyrażenie podlegało różnym modyfikacjom, w związku z czym funkcjonuje jako związek wielokształtny, którego komponenty w niektórych aktualizacjach podlegają semantyzacji. Pewne przeobrażenia postaci formalnej związku, a mianowicie wymiana w nim komponentów równokształtnych z przyimkami, komponentu „na” na komponent „po” (… woda na kisielu → … woda po kisielu), sprzyjały też powstaniu nowej motywacji związku frazeologicznego, który pojawił się w polszczyźnie jako zapożyczenie obcojęzyczne.
Scytyjskie zoonimy w leksykonie Hesychiosa
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: April 2023

W niniejszym artykule przedyskutowano siedem scytyjskich glos zachowanych w leksykonie Hesychiosa z Aleksandrii (V–VI w. n.e.), które odnoszą się do udomowionych zwierząt lub do wschodnioeuropejskiej dzikiej fauny. Cztery spośród omówionych zoonimów mają potwierdzoną genezę scytyjską (explicite wskazaną przez greckiego leksykografa), podczas gdy dwie inne glosy (ἀρανίς · ἔλαφος „aranis – jeleń”; γοῖτα · οἶς „goita – owca”) zostały przypisane Scytom na podstawie uzasadnionego domniemania. Siódma glosa dotyczy typowo scytyjskiego napoju pozyskiwanego z mleka klaczy. Drobiazgowo przeprowadzona analiza materiału leksykalnego daje możliwość ustalenia jasnej etymologii trzech scytyjskich nazw zwierząt udomowionych: ‘owcy’ (scyt. γοῖτα < irań. *gaiθā- f. ‘stado owiec’), ‘psa’ (scyt. παγαίη < *spakai̯ā- ← irań. *śaka- m. ‘pies’) oraz ‘klaczy’ (gr. ἱππάκη f. ‘napój z mleka klaczy’ ← scyt. *appākā ← scyt. *appā- ‘klacz, kobyła’ < *aspā- < irań. *aśā- f. ‘ts.’). Ponadto grecki leksykograf z Aleksandrii odnotował scytyjskie nazwy czterech dzikich zwierząt, m.in. ‘renifera / łosia’ (scyt. τάρανδος ← ugrofi.*ćar/ań/ta ‘renifer / łoś’), ‘jelenia’ (scyt. ἀρανίς < irań. *araniš, por. lit. elenìs, élnis m. ‘jeleń’), ‘łabędzia’ (scyt. ἄγλυ < irań. *madgu- ‘gatunek ptaka wodnego’) oraz ‘szarańczy’ (scyt. ἀδιγόρ < irań. *atahī-gar/a/-, pierw. ‘pożerający trawę’).
Polskie odzwierzęce derywaty symilatywne w perspektywie kognitywnej
Authors: Kielak Olga
Published: April 2023

Przedmiotem zainteresowań autorki są ogólnopolskie, gwarowe i środowiskowe formacje słowotwórcze (rzeczownikowe, przymiotnikowe i czasownikowe derywaty strukturalne) utworzone od nazw wybranych zwierząt domowych. Autorka, odwołując się do propozycji Ronalda Langackera, próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, w jaki sposób dochodzi do powstania nowych formacji słowotwórczych. Analiza zebranego materiału pokazuje ponadto: w jaki sposób w derywatach ujawnia się konceptualizacja świata przez człowieka oraz jak bliskie sobie są gramatyka kognitywna Ronalda Langackera i lubelska etnolingwistyka Jerzego Bartmińskiego.
Ventriculosinus shunt: a pilot study to investigate new technology to treat hydrocephalus and mimic physiological principles of cerebrospinal fluid drainage
Authors: Munthe Sune , Pedersen Christian Bonde , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Andersen Mikkel Schou , Børgesen Svend Erik
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

Devices draining CSF to the intracranial venous sinus for the treatment of hydrocephalus have been tested in the past, and while clinically effective, have not shown efficacy in the long term. The majority of these devices become obstructed within 3 months due to endothelial overgrowth. In this study, the authors investigated a newly developed ventriculosinus (VS) shunt outlet device with the objective of showing it would remain patent for at least 6 months.

METHODS

Twelve patients in need of shunting for hydrocephalus underwent an operation using the investigational device and were followed for 6 months to record patency of the shunt.

RESULTS

In 10 patients, the shunt was patent at 6 months, with the outlet device remaining unobstructed. In the remaining 2 patients, one died just before reaching the 6-month endpoint, and in the other the outlet was misplaced during surgery and therefore ceased to function after 3 months. No occlusion of the internal jugular vein or thrombus formation was noted in any of the 12 cases.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings indicate that the outlet device can remain patent and has the capability to mimic physiological drainage by diverting CSF to the intracranial sinus. Additional confirmation of its potential as part of a new VS shunt system and ultimately as a viable alternative for ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunting to reduce complication rates requires further clinical trials.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ СТІЙКОСТІ КРИПТОГРАФІЧНИХ АЛГОРИТМІВ У БАГАТОКОРИСТУВАЦЬКИХ WEB-РЕСУРСАХ НА ОСНОВІ ГЕНЕРАТОРІВ ВИПАДКОВИХ ЧИСЕЛ, ЩО ВРАХОВУЮТЬ ЕНТРОПІЮ ПОВЕДІНКИ КОРИСТУВАЧА
Authors: САЛІЄВА Ольга , КАРПІНЕЦЬ Василь , ГРИЦАК Анатолій , ПАВЛОВСЬКИЙ Павло , БОНДАРЕНКО Ірина
Published: April 2023

У роботі розглянуто проблему підвищення захищеності Web-ресурсів стійкими криптоалгоритмами на основі генераторів випадкових чисел, що враховують ентропію поведінки користувача у багатокористувацькому середовищі. Під час дослідження розроблено алгоритм надійного джерела ентропії істино випадкових чисел для табличного генератора, який використовує заздалегідь підготовлені таблиці, що містять перевірені нерелевантні числа. Для програмної реалізації підсистеми шифрування розроблено алгоритм роботи табличного генератора, при цьому здійснено об’єднання окремих модулів генератора випадкових чисел, а саме алгоритму заповнення буфера табличного генератора та алгоритму вибору з нього випадкового числа. Вихідні дані генератора збережено у текстовий файл, який використовувався в якості вхідних даних, необхідних для проведення тестування на випадковість. При цьому використовувалася методика тестування, запропонована Національним інститутом стандартизації і технологій США – NIST на основі пакету статистичних тестів, спрямованих на визначення міри випадковості двійкових послідовностей, утворених генераторами випадкових чисел. Основною перевагою є те, що ці тести засновані на різних статистичних властивостях, які належать лише випадковим послідовностям. З отриманих результатів було зроблено висновок, що послідовність повністю задовольняє критеріям випадковості. Крім того, проведено порівняльний аналіз характеристик розробленого генератора випадкових чисел з класичними реалізаціями, на основі якого визначено його переваги.
Road Damage Analysis, and Repair Techniques and Estimation Plan for Road Repair in Tani Bakti Village STA (00+00 – 03+00) Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Authors: Irawan Mohammad helmi , Rus Tatag Yufitra , Mahfud Mahfud
Published: April 2023

Road damage that occurred on the road of Tani Bakti village in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, the damage factor occurred because of the need for people to use heavy vehicles to transport crops, resulting in reduced quality and life of the pavement. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the pavement as well as recommendations for improvement and budget plan Road Village Tani Bakti. The method used in this study is the method of highways, in determining the value of road damage conditions and calculate the pavement thickness plan. In the calculation of pavement thickness plan there are road condition data, Lhr data and Dcp data. In calculating the budget plan with AHSP 2021 balikpapan data. The results of this study indicate that the level of damage in the village of Tani Bakti has a fairly high level of damage that must be done routine maintenance of roads. Based on the results of damage analysis obtained recommendations that Overlay repair. Based on the analysis of the cost calculation, the Overlay repair cost is Rp. 14.524.436.000. Improvement on the road of Desa Tani Bakti should be focused on increasing road capacity by increasing the width of the pavement, then monitoring the damage is needed if there is damage then immediately held appropriate repairs and the existence of damage documents, Road technical data, traffic data which at times is very necessary as a basis for annual routine road handling activities.
Tối ưu không gian trạng thái của thuật toán AhoCorasick sử dụng kỹ thuật nén dòng và bảng chỉ số
Authors: Nhường Lê Đắc , Nguyên Lê Đăng , Vĩnh Lê Trọng
Published: April 2023

The  pattern  matching  algorithms  are important  roles  in  most  applications  of  informationtechnology. For example, Network Intrusion Detection System looks for evidence of malicious behavior based on  matching  packet  contents  with  known  patterns. Therefore, the study of the pattern-matching algorithm is a hot topic many researchers are interested. In  this paper, we propose a new method to optimize the state storage  of  the  pattern  matching  algorithms,  AhoCorasick  by  using  compressed  row  and  index  table techniques. The experimental results that compare the efficacy performed between the original Aho-Corasick algorithm  and  the  improved  algorithm  installed  in Snort showed that our method achieved better results.
Một số cải tiến thuật toán Index-BitTableFI cho khai thác tập tin phổ biến
Authors: Bắc Lê Hoài , Bảo Chi Nguyễn Thị , Bảy Võ Đình
Published: April 2023

Index-BitTableFI is an algorithm based on BitTable which is very effective in recent (Song& Yang, 2008). It finds out itemsets based on BitTable in vertical and horizontal, and also sets up sorting array and  equivalent  computing  method  to  fast  identify itemsets which occur concurrently with representative items.  Although  Index-BitTableFI  algorithm  reduces considerablely  cost  of  finding  out  candidate  itemsets and  computing  the  support,  but  if  number  of transactions  and  items  is  large  then  intersection computing  of  vector-bits  in  BitTable  still  costs  time. Besides, finding out frequent itemsets in depth hasnot used property of equivalent computing method yet. To resolve  this  problem,  some  improvements  for improving  more  performance  of  Index-BitTableFI algorithm are proposed in this research.
Chọn miền tham số cho đường cong Elliptic sử dụng làm mã bảo mật cho hệ thống DNS
Authors: Tân Trần Minh , Tam Nguyễn Văn
Published: April 2023

Besides RSA algorithms are widely used, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has been currently studied  and  just  applied  in  security  with  outstanding advantages  of  shorter  key  length.  To  enhance  the safety in using ECC, a list of domain parameters has been applied for minimizing attack possibilities. In this paper,  we  introduce  algorithm  creating  domain parameters  and  elliptic  curves  that  meet  security requirements,  preventing  scan-based  attacks  on elliptic  curve  cryptography  for  application  in  DNS system’s security.
Chuyển đổi cây cú pháp cụm danh từ tiếng Anh theo tiếng Việt
Authors: Hiếu Nguyễn Chí
Published: April 2023

Transferring syntax trees is one of the key tasks of machine translation systems. To transfer syntax  trees,  they  can  be  performed  by  different models  of  the  statistical  translation  method,  rulebased translation method, or a hybrid of statisticsand rule-based  translation  method  [9].  In  this  paper  wepresent  a  combination  of  bilingual  corpus  and knowledge-based method, which transfers syntax trees of  English  Base  Noun  Phrases  via  the  Vietnamese syntax  from  a  pair  of  bilingual  sentences  to  identify anchor points. Our combination technique can help to invert  word  order  in  noun  phrases  of  the  source language to suit those of target language and improve the  performance  of  miss-alignment,  null-alignment, overlap  and  conflict  projection  of  the  existing methods.  The  proposed  technique  can  be  easily applied to other language pairs. Experiment on pairs of  sentences  in  the  English-Vietnamese  bilingual corpus  showed  that  our  proposed  method  is satisfactory.
Prevalência da via de transmissão sexual na doença Varíola dos Macacos
Authors: Cunha Letícia de Queiroz , Rosado Larissa Galvão , Marinho Filho Fernando , Silva Gabriela Martins , Vale Gustavo Fernandes do , Pinheiro Daniele Maria Lopes , Nunes Beatriz Cunha Lisboa De Medeiros
Published: April 2023

Esse trabalho analisa se a hipótese de transmissão sexual por fluidos, da doença Monkeypox, é verdadeira e se pode ser considerada a prevalente entre as demais formas de transmissão. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa que consultou as bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scielo, em Outubro de 2022, comparando artigos publicados entre 2018 e Outubro de 2022. Após as etapas de triagem, foram incluídos 12 artigos. Os principais resultados foram agrupados em duas categorias: a) sugeriram a hipótese da transmissão sexual enquanto via de alta relevância no contato por Monkeypox Vírus (MPXV) e b) demonstrou a prevalência numérica da transmissão sexual nos casos confirmados de MPXV. Sete estudos sugeriram a hipótese da transmissão sexual como via de alta relevância no contato por MPXV, enquanto que cinco trabalhos demonstraram a prevalência numérica da transmissão sexual nos casos confirmados de MPXV. Existe uma associação entre MPXV e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs), como o HIV, e é pertinente reconhecer a via de transmissão sexual, por fluidos, da varíola dos macacos, como uma das principais vias de contaminação.
Planejamento Estratégico Situacional no ensino-aprendizado do profissional de medicina durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial: relato de experiência
Authors: Santana Marcos Saulo Salviano , Borges Evelyn Teixeira , Braga Joyce Pantoja , Miranda Letícia Vitória Garcia , Cunha Marcus Victor Balieiro , Barbosa Anderson Veiga , Pereira Waltair Maria Martins
Published: April 2023

A Doença de Chagas Aguda apresenta situação epidemiológica alarmante na Região Norte do Brasil. Isso se deve principalmente devido ao negligenciamento perene das formas de prevenção e de profilaxia por parte dos agentes sociais responsáveis pela saúde pública. O conteúdo curricular da escola de medicina da Universidade Federal do Pará contempla, no Eixo Longitudinal de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Indivíduo, Família e Comunidade, o ensino do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional no exercício da programação de ações de promoção da saúde e de prevenção de doenças e de agravos. Este relato de experiência teve como objetivo, em um momento de Ensino Remoto Emergencial, identificar a importância do ensino-aprendizado desse tipo de estratégia para os discentes de medicina. No decurso da vivência em aplicar a simplificação do método de planejamento proposto por Artmann (2000), ocorreu grande adesão dos discentes, bem como os aproximou da formatação de um Projeto de Intervenção onde as operações e as ações pensadas foram embasadas nas metas de alteração positiva dos indicadores que declararam o problema, além do protagonismo na revisão bibliográfica para conhecimento da Doença de Chagas Aguda e da vigilância epidemiológica desta. A elaboração da programação proporcionou ainda a reflexão no cuidado humanizado, o que incentivou os discentes a exercer a proatividade e a solidariedade para contornar problemas locais que possam dificultar o trabalho voltada para o bem-estar de uma Comunidade.
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS- A SINGLE CASE STUDY
Authors: BİZZARİ Ansam
Published: April 2023

Electronic health records are a healthcare quality improvement strategy. Healthcare organizations in middle-income countries face significant challenges in adopting and implementing electronic health records. In Jordan, implementation challenges delayed achieving the objective of a national initiative titled Hakeem. The initiative’s objective was to implement the Hakeem electronic health record system in all healthcare sectors by 2020. Lack of clear implementation guidelines may have hindered some healthcare organizations’ efforts to adopt and use the system in Jordan. A successful pioneering implementer of the Hakeem system in Jordan is the King Hussein Cancer Center, which fully used it in all departments. This study used a single case study design to explore and codify the center’s strategies for system implementation. Data sources included a review of organizational documents related to the Hakeem system implementation at the center and individual interviews with six healthcare leaders involved in the implementation process. Thematic data analysis included manual analysis and verification using NVivo 12, QRS International software. The emerging themes included (1) phased approach and continuous planning, (2) stakeholders’ active involvement, (3) collaboration with the vendor, (4) training and continuous support, (5) managing resistance, and (6) recommendations for other organizations. The findings of this study may lay the foundation to lead healthcare organizations into successful implementation and effective use of electronic health records.
THE EFFECT OF OCCUPATIONAL STRESS EXPERIENCED BY NURSES ON MENSTRUATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: ŞEN Mehmet Ali , YAKIT AK Eda , UYURDAĞ Nermin , ERTEN Zekiye
Published: April 2023

Studies have shown that stressful and shift work can lead to reproductive health problems such as irregular menstrual cycles, dysmenorrhea, and subfertility. This study was carried out to determine the irregularity of menstruation that may develop due to the work stress of nurses.
The study universe was composed of female nurses aged 18-49. By taking the research sample as an example of studies related to the menstrual irregularity of nurses in the literature, it was determined that 196 nurses should be reached with a 5% error margin and 95% confidence interval, and 264 nurses were reached. The data were collected face-to-face and online using the Introductory Information Form, the Menstrual Symptom Scale (MSS), and the Work Stress Scale (WSS) as data collection tools. The ethics committee approved the study with the number xxx on 09.06.2022. The data were evaluated by number, average percentage, Pearson or spearman correlation, student's t-test, and one-way analysis of variance in a statistical program.
The mean age of the nurses participating in the study was 33.31±7.73. 57.6% of nurses are married, 60.6% are undergraduate graduates, 42.8% are working in a university hospital, 32.3% have been working for 11-20 years, 53.8% are working ≤40 hours weekly, and 56.8% of them work in a shift system. The mean duration of menstruation of the participants was 6.13±1.91 days. 65.6% of them thought that their menstruation was regular, 54.9% had their first menstruation between the ages of 9-13, and 79.2% had a menstruation interval of 21-35 days. A moderately significant relationship was found between the WSS total and all sub-factors and the MSS total score averages. Furthermore, a low-level positive and significant correlation was found between the MSS score, the WSS total score, and the WSS Job Role Mismatch sub-factor score.
As a result, it was determined that there is a positive significant relationship between work stress and menstruation status. It has been observed that weekly working hours and shift work affect work stress. The implementation of practices that will reduce work stress by health managers will also be able to reduce the complaints of nurses about menstruation.