bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of Prophylactic use of Antibiotics among Indian Neurosurgeons
Authors: Turel Mazda K , Meshram Bhushan , Rajshekhar Vedantam
Published: December 2021

Background:

Despite recommendations and guidelines, surgical antibiotic prophylaxis protocol for neurosurgical cases is not uniformly followed.

Objective:

To report trends in the use of prophylactic antibiotics by Indian neurosurgeons for non-trauma neurosurgical cases.

Materials and Methods:

An email survey consisting of 17 questions was sent in 2018 to 2,175 surgical members with a registered email in the Neurological Society of India (NSI) registry. Three reminders were sent at 3-month intervals. The results were analyzed for the number, type, and duration of antibiotic use for different surgical procedures. The differences in the antibiotic policy in different practice settings were also studied.

Results:

The response rate was less than 5% (103 responses). Almost all (98.1%) surgeons used prophylactic antibiotics. A single antibiotic was most used for cranial surgeries (85%) and least for spine surgeries with instrumentation (64%) (P = 0.001). One dose or 1 day of antibiotics was used by the least number of responders (29%) for spinal instrumentation surgeries and the most responders (66.7%) for spinal surgery without instrumentation (P < 0.0001). Surgeons working in corporate teaching hospitals or non-teaching hospitals were more likely to use antibiotics for longer duration than surgeons working in government/trust teaching hospitals.

Conclusions:

Substantial numbers of surgeons use prophylactic antibiotics for more than 1 day with a higher proportion of surgeons working in corporate teaching and non-teaching hospitals pursuing such a policy.
Newer Horizon for Treatment of Acute Attack of Migraine
Authors: Maitra Arpita , Mukhopadhyay Sabyasachi , Das Abhijit , Choudhury Shouvik
Published: December 2021

Migraine is characterized by severe, intermittent headache attacks with associated symptoms including nausea, vomiting, phonophobia, and photophobia. Still Triptans (selective 5-HT1B/D agonists) are considered as the first-line therapy in acute attack of migraine. Recently two new drugs Lasmiditan and Ubrogepant were approved by United States Food and Drug Administration in acute attack of migraine with or without aura in adults. Lasmiditan is a highly selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist which demonstrated superiority to placebo in the acute treatment of migraine in adults with moderate/severe migraine disability in two similarly designed phase-3 trials, SAMURAI and SPARTAN. Ubrogepant is a novel small molecule oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist. The approval was supported by two pivotal phase-3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (ACHIEVE I and ACHIEVE II) that evaluated the efficacy, safety, tolerability. Hopefully, these two drugs may soon be a new addition to the mounting armory of drugs against migraine and may fulfill a substantial unmet need.
A Decremental Response Seen to a His Refractory Premature Ventricular Complex in a Patient with Short Ventriculoatrial Interval
Authors: Kanjwal Khalil , Kichloo Asim , Ali Muzaffar , Haji Abdul Qadir
Published: December 2021

We report on a patient with supraventricular tachycardia, mediated through a left posterior concealed accessory pathway (AP). During an electrophysiology study, the His refractory premature ventricular complex (PVC) delayed in the next atrial signal and was suggestive of the decremental pathway; however, further maneuvers and tachycardia features were suggestive of a nondecremental AP. In this paper, we discuss possible mechanisms of this interesting observation of decremental response to PVC in an otherwise nondecremental AP.
A Case Report of Tachycardia-Dependent Right Bundle Branch Block During Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Cheng Chendi , Sun Lei , Gu Xiang
Published: December 2021

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve symptoms and mortality in a suitably selected population with systolic heart failure and prolonged QRS duration. Various factors have been reported to be associated with poor response to CRT. A 67-year-old man with CRT implantation experienced response, nonresponse, and response in turn. The new-onset right tachycardia-dependent bundle branch block was considered to be an exclusive cause. More attention should be paid to the possible changes of paced-QRS morphology, resulting from tachycardia-dependent aberrancy during CRT, ensuring a high percentage of effective biventricular pacing.
Significantly High Serum Cardiac Troponin Level with Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmia in the Absence of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Chen Lian , Zhong Yigang , Xu Yizhou , Chen Liuying , Yu Faming
Published: December 2021

Although elevated cardiac troponin is considered to be the gold standard biomarker for the identification of acute coronary syndrome, it may also occur in other clinical situations as supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT) and acute coronary syndrome. We reported the case of a 77-year-old patient with a highly elevated cTn after the onset of SVT. Normal coronary arteries were detected through coronary angiography and intravenous ultrasound. It seems that the association of the cardiac troponin elevation in SVT patients with future cardiovascular events is very low. Meanwhile, more attention should be paid to those patients with high cardiovascular risk factors.
Clinical characteristics of igG4-related disease in the United Arab Emirates: A retrospective single-center study
Authors: Namas Rajaie , Elarabi Mohamed , Hegazin Safa , Joshi Abhay , Salvo Fulvio , Jassim Imad , Ghosn Muriel , Attallah Nizar , Joshi Priti , Memisoglu Esat , Hassen Waleed , Al-Saleh Jamal , Abuzakouk Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Background: Demographic and clinical data of IgG4-related disease affecting solely the native population of the UAE, known as Emiratis, does not exist in the literature. Aim: To explore the demographic and clinical characteristics of IgG4-related disease in a well-defined population of Emirati patients attending Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, a large tertiary center in the Middle East. Patients and Methods: The data presented is part of a retrospective cohort study, in which 15 Emirati patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) were evaluated over 5 years from April 2015 to September 2020 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. The demographic and clinical data were recorded. Descriptive statistics of the variables were applied. Results: Fifteen Emirati patients with an established diagnosis of IgG4-RD were assessed. There was a male predominance (53%) with a median age at the time of diagnosis of 47 ± 11.2 years. A 6-year lag period was noted from the initial presentation until a diagnosis of IgG4-RD was established. The most frequent comorbidities observed were hematological conditions (63%), hypertension (47%), diabetes mellitus (40%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (40%). An elevated serum IgG4 was observed in the majority of patients at the initial presentation. Rheumatoid factor was detected in 13% and low titer of immunofluorescence antinuclear antibody in 7%. 86% of patients had a tissue biopsy with marked lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration being the most reported finding in 86%. Methotrexate, azathioprine, and rituximab were the most frequently prescribed disease-modifying agents. Conclusion: We report the first comprehensive analysis on a small cohort of Emirati patients with IgG4-RD. We describe disease features unique to UAE patients and demonstrate that IgG4-RD has a significant disease burden. Our results underscore the need for the IgG4-RD UAE-wide national registry to improve the quality of care of these patients.
An assessment of pharmacy practice in Libya measured against international standards
Authors: Ali Mohammed , Benkorah Amal
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Practicing pharmacy in Libya is still limited to the dispensing roles. However, pharmacists have started to work proactively to advance modern practices by expanding their roles in different practice settings. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the status of pharmacy practice in Libya through self-assessing competencies of hospital and community pharmacists. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional online survey study of community and hospital pharmacists. The survey questionnaire was based upon the “Global Competency Framework for Pharmacists̶ and the Joint FIP/WHO guidelines on good pharmacy practice. Results: A total of 199 responses were received with 93% response rate. 47.0% were community pharmacists, 39.4% worked both in hospital and community, and 13.6% practiced exclusively in hospitals. 10% of respondents graduated in 1980–1989; 15% graduated in 1990–1999. 30% graduated in 2000–2009, and 45% graduated in the past 8 years before the study (2010–2017). The overall pharmacy competency indicators were reportedly met consistently by 45.3% of respondents, usually by 25% of responders and only sometimes or rarely by 15.9% or 13.8% of respondents, respectively. Conclusions: Pharmacy practice in Libya is more population and system-focused than being professional and patient-focused. Significant amendments in pharmacy education curricula are required to include modern teaching methods, knowledge, skills, and competencies. Continuous professional development programs are also needed for established pharmacists to modernize pharmacy practice in the country.
Let's sit down and talk: The art of breaking bad news
Authors: Ghellai Ali , Elhafi Kafia , Ghellai Maram , Ghellai Mamoon
Published: December 2021

Physicians often are uncomfortable when communicating bad or difficult news. In the absence of much effective training, many doctors find that breaking bad news is one of the most difﬁcult, demanding, and stressful tasks. A significantly negative relationship can form between the patient and their medical staff if poor communication is used. Most patients want the truth, but how bad news is delivered can substantially influence a patient's emotions, satisfaction, subsequent psychological adjustments, and attitudes toward treatment. Moreover, values in certain cultures can become barriers that can limit or pressure a physician in ethically approaching the patient. Disclosing bad news is a complex communicational task that requires time, compassion, and empathy. Although breaking bad news will never be easy, communicating well is a skill that can be learned. The SPIKES protocol provides a simple and easily learnable strategy for communicating bad news.
Highlights of the Ninth Diabetes and Ramadan International Alliance conference (mena-zone virtual), January 21–22, 2021
Authors: Beshyah Salem , Hafidh Khadija
Published: December 2021

The 9th “Ramadan and Diabetes” international alliance annual conference was held over 2 days (January 21–22, 2021) virtually due to health restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program included several sessions covering various aspects of Ramadan fasting from physiology, nutrition, pharmacotherapies, mental well-being, and bioethical considerations. A good proportion of the conference was used to highlight the 2021 edition of the International Diabetes Federation-diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) recommendations on diabetes management during Ramadan. The proposed new risk stratification tool for objectively assessing patient's risk was discussed. Results of the DAR global survey of the impact of COVID-19 on fasting practices were reported during the event. Results of a couple of recent trials were presented during the conference. The conference closed by a thoughtful review of the grading of evidence and a futuristic vision of future research directions. The present report provides a concise overview of the conference to help those who did not have the opportunity to attend the live event.
Stratified approaches for using biomarkers in phenotyping for the management of severe asthma in India
Authors: Talwar Deepak , Singh Sarvinder , Marwah Vikas , Asawale Ketan , Bhushan Bharat
Published: December 2021

Various respiratory societies including the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), European Respiratory Society (ERS) and American Thoracic Society (ATS) define severe asthma as asthma that requires or remains uncontrolled despite treatment with systemic corticosteroids or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus another controller such as long acting beta agonist. The management of asthma as an entity is not straightforward due to inter-individual variability in assessment parameters. With the advent of science, targeted therapies are on the emergence for management of severe asthma. A biomarker can be used as a surrogate to phenotype a patient as well as to measure the response to therapy with any drug. Biomarkers have been critical for studies of disease pathogenesis and the development of new therapies in severe asthma. From a resource constraint perspective like countries in India, it is imperative to use biomarkers that are easily available are affordable cost. Choosing an ideal biomarkers is also important from a perspective of choosing a particular therapy. The cost associated with the biologicals is high and it is imperative to gauge the treatment effectiveness with the therapy at the earliest considering the out of pocket spends of the patients.
Determinants of maternal mortality in a critical care unit: A prospective analysis
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Gupta Ayush , Suri Tejus , Suri Jyotsna , Mittal Pratima , Suri Jagdish Chander
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

An admission of a pregnant woman to an intensive care unit (ICU) is considered as an objective marker of maternal near miss. Only a few studies from the Indian subcontinent have reported on the ability of ICU scoring systems in predicting the mortality in obstetric patients.

Methods:

A prospective analysis of all critically ill obstetric patients admitted to the critical care department was done.

Results:

In the period between April 2013 and September 2017, there were 101 obstetric admissions to the critical care ICU. Of these, 82 patients (81.2%) were discharged from the hospital, 18 patients (17.8%) died, and one left against medical advice. The common diagnoses seen in these patients were cardiac failure (n = 39; 38.6%); pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 26; 25.7%); acute respiratory distress syndrome (n = 20; 19.8%); intra-abdominal sepsis (n = 19; 18.8%); tropical diseases (n = 19; 18.8%); and tuberculosis (n = 13; 12.9%).When we compared the survivors with the nonsurvivors, a higher severity of illness score and a low PaO2/FiO2 were found to increase the odds of death. The area of distribution under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.726 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.575–0.877), 0.890 (95% CI = 0.773–1.006), 0.867 (95% CI = 0.755–0.979), and 0.850 (95% CI = 0.720–0.980) for the PaO2/FiO2, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, respectively, for predicting mortality. The standardized mortality ratio was better with SAPSII than with APACHE II.

Conclusions:

Cardiac dysfunction is a leading cause of ICU admission. Obstetric patients frequently require ventilatory support, intensive hemodynamic monitoring, and blood transfusion. The APACHE II score is a good index for assessing ICU outcomes.
A new role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the management of tuberculosis with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Anand Shweta , Singla Rupak , Kumar Vikas , Dewan Sandeep , Faye Abhishek , Gupta Amitesh
Published: December 2021

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can be at times fatal. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) ensures adequate oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal, avoiding ventilator-induced lung injury. We present a case where a young woman with refractory respiratory failure caused by PTB, unresponsive to conventional mechanical ventilation, but was successfully managed with prolonged VV-ECMO support. The patient diagnosed with PTB was started on antitubercular treatment but went into respiratory failure and ARDS. The patient was put on mechanical ventilation, on which she was not improving. The patient was then put on ECMO. On the 9th day, lung compliance and gas exchange were good enough to resume conventional mechanical ventilation. ECMO was weaned and removed. This is one of few cases of survival of the patient with PTB with ARDS utilizing ECMO.
Prevalence of sleep apnea and lung function abnormalities in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Hashim Zia , Gupta Mansi , Nath Alok , Khan Ajmal , Neyaz Zafar , Tiwari Satyendra , Mishra Ravi , Srivastava Shivani , Gupta Sushil
Published: December 2021

Background:

Sleep apnea (SA) is highly prevalent in acromegaly. Ethnicity influences the prevalence of SA in the general population. We studied the prevalence of SA and other respiratory comorbidities in North Indian patients with active acromegaly.

Design:

Prospective, observational.

Materials and Methods:

Consecutive adult patients with active acromegaly (n = 35, age 39.7 ± 13.2 years) and hypersomatotropism (nonsuppression of serum growth hormone after oral glucose and elevated serum insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1]) were evaluated for respiratory symptoms, scoring for SA (Epworth Sleepiness Score [ESS] and STOP-BANG), pulmonary function tests (PFT), high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) of the thorax, polysomnography (PSG), and transthoracic echocardiography. Age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 34) served as controls.

Results:

Acromegaly subjects had dyspnea (34%), cough (37%), excessive daytime somnolence (43%), and fatigue (49%). Clinically significant ESS (>10) and STOP-BANG score (≥3) were present in 41% and 68.6% of subjects, respectively. PFT showed restrictive and obstructive patterns in 45.7% and 11.4% of acromegalics respectively; with higher total lung capacity (TLC), thoracic gas volume (TGV), and residual volume (RV). PSG revealed significantly higher SA events in acromegalics (central [acromegaly 24.63 ± 37.82 vs. control 3.21 ± 5.5], mixed [11 ± 19.46 vs. 3.50 ± 5.96], obstructive [34.86 ± 44.37 vs. 9.71 ± 10.48], and mean apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] [16.91 ± 18.0 vs. 7.86 ± 7.84]). Acromegalics had significantly higher prevalence of obstructive SA (71.4% [mild 31.4%, moderate 20%, severe 20%]) as compared to controls (38.2%). There was no correlation of AHI with serum IGF-1 and disease duration.

Conclusion:

Acromegaly subjects have a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms, SA, and abnormalities in PFT. Screening for respiratory comorbidities should be routinely recommended in all patients with acromegaly.
Laibacher Deutscher after the Congress of Laibach
Authors: Podlesnik Tomášiková Lidija , Motnik Marko , Benčina Marjana
Published: December 2021

Behind the scenes of the Congress of Laibach (modern day Ljubljana), a dance form called Deutscher came into existence and for a decade remained, in a specific local version, the most popular dance of bourgeois circles. This paper sheds light on the phenomenon of the Laibacher Deutscher within a broad social and cultural context and political background.
Grieg and Violins
Authors: Urniežius Rytis
Published: December 2021

Violin was Edvard Grieg’s favourite orchestral instrument. This affinity expanded to other string family instruments and a string orchestra. The article aims to characterise Grieg’s two-movement cycles of miniatures for string orchestra, emphasizing the features of their orchestration. The analysis revealed that these cycles should be considered as original and creative orchestral compositions where the composer efficiently employs the possibilities of string instruments.
ПРАВОВАЯ ПРИРОДА ТРЕТЕЙСКИХ АКТОВ, ПРИНИМАЕМЫХ В РАМКАХ АРБИТРАЖА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Сорокин В.П.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена вопросам правовой природы актов, принимаемых в рамках третейского разбирательства на территории Российской Федерации. В науке процессуального права отмечается дискуссионность в понимании правовой природы решения третейского суда по существу спора, а также в понимании мирового соглашения, утверждаемого третейским судом. Автор сравнивает некоторые положения зарубежного законодательства, касающиеся проблем мирового соглашения, с аналогичными положениями отечественного законодательства. Статья может представлять интерес и быть полезной для специалистов в области процессуального права как в теоретическом, так и в практическом аспекте.
Integer Programming Formulations For The Frobenius Problem
Authors: Kara Imdat , Karakas Halil Ibrahim
Published: December 2021

The Frobenius number of a set of relatively prime positive integers α1,α2,…,αn such that α1< α2< …< αn, is the largest integer that can not be written as a nonnegative integer linear combination of the given set. Finding the Frobenius number is known as the Frobenius problem, which is also named as the coin exchange problem or the postage stamp problem. This problem is closely related with the equality constrained integer knapsack problem. It is known that this problem is NP-hard. Extensive research has been conducted for finding the Frobenius number of a given set of positive integers. An exact formula exists for the case n=2 and various formulas have been derived for all special cases of n = 3. Many algorithms have been proposed for n≥4. As far as we are aware, there does not exist any integer programming approach for this problem which is the main motivation of this paper. We present four integer linear programming formulations about the Frobenius number of a given set of positive integers. Our first formulation is used to check if a given positive integer is the Frobenius number of a given set of positive integers. The second formulation aims at finding the Frobenius number directly. The third formulation involves the residue classes with respect to the least member of the given set of positive integers, where a residue table is computed comprising all values modulo that least member, and the Frobenius number is obtained from there. Based on the same approach underlying the third formulation, we propose our fourth formulation which produces the Frobenius number directly. We demonstrate how to use our formulations with several examples. For illustrative purposes, some computa-tional analysis is also presented.
Range Extension of Priacanthus sagittarius Starnes, 1988 Southeastern Mediterranean Coast of Turkey
Authors: GÜRLEK Mevlüt , ERGÜDEN Deniz , TURAN Cemal
Published: December 2021

A single specimen of Priacanthus sagittarius Starnes, 1988 has been captured in the Iskenderun Bay (Konacık, Turkey), at a depth of 80 m in February 2021. This species represents the second record from Turkish waters and the first record from southeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Besides, this species is the fifth successive record from the. The presence of P. sagittarius in the Mediterranean coast of Turkey is evidently due to migration from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal. On the other hand, available records show that this species is gradually expanding its distribution in the Mediterranean.
The Effect of Different Solvents on Antioxidant Properties of Gongolaria barbata (Phaeophyceae)
Authors: YILMAZ Melis , TÜRKER Gülen , AK İlknur
Published: December 2021

In this study, the antioxidant activities, total polyphenolic contents of algal extracts from Gongolaria barbata were examined by using ethyl acetate (AcOEt), water(W), and phosphate buffer (PH) as solvents. According to the results, EtOH, W, and PB showed medium antioxidant potential with low IC50 values. The highest total flavonoid content was detected in W (6.91±0.09 mg/g Ext., and PB showed the maximum phenolic content (2.29±0.01 mg GAE/g ext.). The chlorophyll a and total carotenoid contents were detected as 40.5±1.20 and 29.13±1.12 (mg/g DW), respectively. Phycoerythrin was 0.002±0.001 (mg/g DW), while phycocyanin content was found as0.04 ±0.01 (mg/g DW). Our results show that PB could be used as an extraction solvent for determining the antioxidant properties of G. barbata instead of ethanol.
Ecological Gradients of Epimegafaunal Distribution along The Sectors of Gulf of İzmir, Aegean Sea
Authors: MUTLU Erhan
Published: December 2021

During 2009-2010 epifaunal materials were collected seasonally with a beam trawl from seven fixed stations in the infralittoral of Gulf of Izmir to study spatiotemporal distribution of megabenthic fauna and their ecology. A total 153 megafaunal species were identified belonging to nine phyla, comprised mostly of 54 molluscans, 43 chordates (mostly fish), 20 arthropods, and 18 echinoderms. Nine alien species were recorded. Four species (two fish species, one gastropod and one Asteroidea species) were constant species and 16 species were common species in the study area. Lesueurigobius friesii, Buglossidium luteum, Turritellinella tricarinata and Astropecten irregularis were the most frequently occurred, and Lesueurigobius friesii, Varicorbula gibba, Anomia ephippium, Turritellinella tricarinata and Dentalium sp were the most abundantly occurred species. Excluding the evenness index, faunistic characteristics tended to increase as a factor of depth. Seasonal density (abundance and biomass) was minimal in April and maximal in February, followed by November having 2-fold higher abundance than that inJuly. Faunal assemblages were correlated with regions of the gulf and habitat type. Buglossidium luteum overspread the entire gulf excluding the inner gulf. Varicorbula gibba and Fulvia fragilis, a pollution indicator predominated the inner gulf. Hydrographical parameters and depth were associated to dictate faunal assemblages with difference among the sectors and habitats.
Mogan Gölü’nde (Ankara, Türkiye) Sediment Tarama Uygulamalarının Sedimentteki Ağır Metal Konsantrasyonları Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BİNİCİ Arzu , PULATSÜ Serap , BURSA Nurbanu
Published: December 2021

Bir göl yönetim uygulaması olan sediment taraması (uzaklaştırımı), Mogan Gölü’nün rekreaktif değerinin artırılması amacıyla zaman zaman gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sediment tarama faaliyetinden sonra; a) sedimentteki bazı ağır metal (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu ve Zn) konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesi ve sediment kalite kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmesi b) göl sedimentindeki ağır metallerin potansiyel kaynaklarının bazı çok değişkenli istatistiksel analizler kullanarak tanımlanması c) güncel veriler bağlamında sediment taramasının etkinliğine ışık tutulması amaçlanmıştır. Gölde litoral bölgede; özellikle maden işleme tesisleri ile evsel kaynaklı atık suların (I. istasyon) ve evsel atık sular ile tarımsal faaliyet kaynaklı atık suların ulaştığı alanda (II. istasyon) seçilen iki istasyondan 2020 yılının Mayıs ve Kasım aylarında alınan yüzey sediment örneklerinde saptanan bulgulara göre, sedimentteki ortalama ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının dizilimi Cr>Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>As>Cd>Hg şeklinde bulunmuştur. Cr, Ni ve As, ay-istasyonlara göre olası etki değerini (PEL) aşmış olup, göl sedimenti Cr, Ni, Cu ve As açısından çok kirli sınıfa girmektedir. Spearman korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, Cu-Cd, Zn-Pb ve As-Cd, benzer antropojenik kaynaklar ile göle ulaşmaktadır. Temel bileşen analizi ile belirlenen 3 temel bileşen de bu sonucu desteklemekte, farklı antropojenik kaynaklardan köken alan ağır metallerdeki farklılıklar, göldeki ağır metal birikimine ilişkin çevresel baskının çeşitliliğini ve baskısını yansıtmaktadır. Bulgular ışığında, gölde gerçekleştirilen sedimentin uzaklaştırılması faaliyetini, etkin bir girişim olarak değerlendirmek olası gözükmemektedir. Göl havzasındaki farklı antropojenik kirleticiler devam ettikçe, gölün sürdürülebilir kullanımı açısından göl sedimenti ağır metaller açısından rutin olarak izlenmelidir.
Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction of a Masonry Structure: Sungurbey Mosque
Authors: YILDIZ Özgür , DOĞAN Ebru , YAMAK Fatma Berfin
Published: December 2021

In existing buildings, it may be necessary to repair, adapt, renew, relocate or demolish buildings and building parts that have come to the end of their usage period due to spatial, functional, technical and economic obsolescence. After the necessary applications to extend the service life of buildings, it is of great importance to analyze the dynamic behavior of buildings under soil-structure interaction and earthquake loads and to obtain accurate results. In this study, the seismic soil-structure interaction of the historical Sungur Bey Mosque, which was first built in 1577 but was disassembled, moved and rebuilt in another area (relocated) in order to preserve its historical and cultural values and extend its service life, was examined. The analysis of the masonry structure that survived after the Sivrice (2020) earthquake, where the great loss of life and property occurred, was carried out with the PLAXIS 3D software program. The real record of the Sivrice NS (2020) earthquake was used in dynamic analysis. Local soil properties obtained as a result of field investigation studies were utilized in numerical modeling. Depending on the result of the analyzes, the effects of soil-structure interaction on a reconstructed historical masonry structure were examined. The results obtained from the analyzes were compared with the existing state of the structure and important findings were revealed.
Dialogical Structure Experience in Basic Design Studio at Online Education
Authors:   Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey, Adiguzel Ozbek Derya
Published: December 2021

In this study, the structure of the basic design studio that started with face-to-face education and had to end with online education due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was set over Bakhtin's dialogic concept, is discussed. The three main components of the basic design studio; studio space, studio process and studio content and the combination of these components have changed in the transition from face-to-face education to online education. With these changes, dialogic relations are defined in the basic design studio's setup that extends from the face-to-face to the online education, and a structure that is shaped not as a sharp transition but as a flow has been developed. The basic design studio structure, which is shaped by the concept of dialogue, is presented as an approach proposal for online education, which is still ongoing and is expected to continue.
Zobo Tea Package Design Prototype Allied with Product Onomastics
Authors:   Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria, Oluyemi Ayorinde S. , Oladumiye E. Bankole ,   Department of Industrial Design, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria, Adelabu Oluwafemi S ,   Department of Industrial Design, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this design is to create a Zobo tea package design prototype allied with African indigenous onomastics. African indigenous products are effective in terms of functionality; however, industrialized products gained more attention because of aesthetics, safety, hygiene, and other advanced technology put into consideration during production. This seems to boost the inferiority of indigenous products. Hence, the present study focuses on indigenous Zobo tea in terms of creating a conceptual package design prototype enhanced with product onomastics. Twenty-two names are derived for indigenous Zobo tea by making use of linguistics techniques. These names are used as label for designing a conceptual package prototype for indigenous Zobo tea. A Delphi technique is adopted for the evaluation of this creative process. The findings show that homonym as an onomastics will enhance the branding and development of indigenous Zobo tea even in the international market. This will remodel the inferiority of the aesthetics of Zobo indigenous products. Hence, research on the choice of an appropriate name for a particular product should be a contemporary research area to improve the present situation of our indigenous product branding and graphic design. It is believed that the outcome of this research could provide guidelines for effective naming in product package design for indigenous product development; as creative designers must not only understand the vocabulary of graphic design but be aware of extraneous constraints that could affect their designs.
ANALISA FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT CALON MAHASISWA DALAM MEMILIH AKADEMI KOMUNITAS (Studi kasus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar)
Authors: Utama Adiguna
Published: December 2021

Objektif. Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar (AKB) adalah salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri vokasi berbentuk akademi komunitas. AKB masih mengalami kendala terkait jumlah mahasiswa. Meskipun kegiatan promosi telah dilakukan, jumlah mahasiswa baru belum memuaskan. Berdasarakan alasan di atas, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui lebih jauh minat calon mahasiswa untuk melanjutkan studi ke pendidikan tinggi, jenis pendidikan tinggi yang diminati, serta beberapa variabel lain yang mempengaruhi minat calon mahasiswa di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar untuk melanjutkan studi ke pendidikan tinggi, khususnya ke AKB.

Material and Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan melakukan kegiatan survey secara daring. Subjek penelitian adalah minat siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/Sederajat untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/Paket C/Sederajat yang ada di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar. Kuesioner dalam bentuk google form disebarkan melalui aplikasi Whatsapp ke guru BP dan/atau langsung ke siswa serta media sosial lainnya. 

Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat responden di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi adalah cukup besar. Namun minat untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi vokasi jenjang D1-D3 terbilang rendah dan hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa responden menginginkan jenjang D4/S1. Responden mendapatkan informasi mengenai AKB dari guru BP/Sekolah dan sosial media serta memutuskan pilihan jurusan lebih berdasarkan keputusan diri sendiri dan sedikit dipengaruhi masukan guru BP dan orang tua. Keberadaan beasiswa merupakan faktor yang mendorong minat untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke AKB walaupun tidak terlalu signifikan, sementara di sisi lain ketersediaan kelas transfer dan bangunan kampus baru serta fasilitasnya tidak begitu membuat calon mahasiswa baru berminat untuk melanjutkan kuliah ke AKB.

Kesimpulan. Minat responden untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi cukup besar namun sayangnya belum ada lembaga pendidikan tinggi di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar yang mampu memfasilitasi minat dari responden sehingga kegiatan promosi yang dilakukan oleh AKB tidak bisa efektif karena AKB tidak menawarkan program yang sesuai dengan minat calon mahasiswa.
PEMBUATAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF ALUR PROSES PENGOLAHAN KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI CPO
Authors: Nofiar Andri
Published: December 2021

Objektif. Buah sawit atau Elaeis merupakan tumbuhan produksi sebagai bahan baku produksi minyak masak, minyak industri dan bahan bakar. Pada satu dekade terakhir ini permintaan pasar terhadap produksi buah kelapa sawit terus meningkat. Produksi minyak kelapa sawit yang baik di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari proses produksi yang telah memenuhi standar mutu produksi minyak kelapa sawit dunia. Perkembangan yang baik ini tentu membuat masyarakat umum ingin tahu bagaimana proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Salah satu media yang bisa digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi dan edukasi mengenai proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi CPO adalah dengan menggunakan Media Interaktif yang mudah diakses oleh masyarakat pada umumnya.

Material dan Metode. Media interaktif ini dibuat dengan menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6 dan metode penelitian yang digunakan pada pembutan media interaktif ini adalah MDLC (Multimedia Devlopment Life Cycle) yang terdiri 6 tahapan dimulai dari pengonsepan, perancangan, pengumpulan bahan, pembuatan, percobaan dan diakhiri dengan pendistribusian.

Hasil.  Media interaktif ini terdiri dari 5 scene, 5.379 frame dengan total durasi keseluruhan adalah 268 Detik.

Kesimpulan. Media Interaktif Alur Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit Menjadi CPO telah berhasil dibuat menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6, sebagai media informasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat umum mengenai alur proses pengolahan kelapa sawit menjadi CPO dan hasil eksport data dengan output Shockwave Flash Object (SWF).
Impact of Green Finance on National Economic Growth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Singh Vijeta , Mishra Nandita
Published: December 2021

This study explores the impact of green financing on economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from 30 countries, we find that green financing has a positive impact on economic growth. This finding has both theoretical and practical implications.
INVESTIGATING SEVERAL SIMILAR QUESTIONS TYPES IN TURKISH, KURDISH, ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND GERMAN
Authors: BABAYİĞİT Mehmet Veysi
Published: December 2021

Language is used as a tool of communication in all over the world, and each society or country may adopt a different language leading various dialects or language usages. In order to interrogate different aspects, multiple question types are utilized in a language. Also, questions are globally used to get information about a topic / issue, ask for confirmation, request something or clarify some controversial aspects almost in all languages. In addition, some questions are directed to speakers via question words such as what, where or how; on the other hand, some questions are conducted via helping verbs, adjuncts or question tags. Foreign language learners first learn affirmative, then negative and finally questions forms in the target language that is why it may be inferred that using questions in a language requires improvement and experience. The current study aims to find out some similar questions types in Turkish, English,Kurdish, Russian and German; hence, an analysis has been conducted on question samples obtained descriptively in those languages. The results of the analysis indicated that there are some similar types of questions such as general questions, special questions, tag questions and alternative questions in both languages.
Key Words: Types, question, Kurdish, English, Turkish, Russian, German
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF FASHION CONSCIOUSNESS OF CONSUMERS
Authors: Batool Syeda Shahida , Syeda  Azra Batool  , Amir Sultan
Published: December 2021

Fashion conscious people allocate a large part of their budget on a latest fashion. The present study assessed the socio-economic and psychological factors that play significant role in fashion consciousness. A convenient sample of 200 individuals (men=100 and women=100) of age between 22 and 44 years from Multan, Pakistan was taken to study the correlates of fashion consciousness. The estimates of ordinary least square showed that education, monthly income, materialism, and media exposure had significant positive impact, and price consciousness had significant negative impact on fashion consciousness of the sample, which partially support consumption theories (e.g., Absolute Income Hypothesis’ and ‘Relative Income Hypothesis). The study has implications for both consumers and producers.
Key Words:  Fashion consciousness, materialism, price consciousness, absolute income hypothesis, relative income hypothesis
COVID-19 PANDEMIC: DIFFICULTIES FACED BY SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS DURING EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING AND THEIR OPINIONS
Authors: Jameel Hafiz Tahir , Masood Khan Abid , Nabeel Tanzila
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to explore the difficulties faced by special education teachers during emergency remote teaching through online learning to special needs students during covid-19 pandemic and discuss their opinions. Population of study was special education teachers who were teaching to special needs students of secondary level at government special education institutions Faisalabad division of Punjab province Pakistan. The sample of the study was 15special education teachers were selected through random sampling technique. Phenomenology pattern was used in this research as a method of research.  Semi structure interview was used as a tool of research. Results of the study clearly showed that almost all the special education teachers were motivated towards providing emergency remote teaching to their special students through online learning system. They have practiced a variety of strategies to provide online education to their students but they face a lot of difficulties in this regard. As majority of special students were from low socio economic background, so they have a lack of online learning facilities i.eandroid cell phones, laptops and internet connection etc. It was interesting to know that all the students who have sufficient facilities of online learning were not utilizing this for constructive purpose and to overcome their academic problems.  They were merely wasting it over social media and gadgets are not utilizing for constructive purpose which was creating anxiety for their parents.
Key Words: Covid-19, pandemic,special needs students, special education teacher, emergency remote teaching, online learning
Stima de sine și epuizarea profesională în profesia didactică
Authors: Cîndea Adela
Published: December 2021

In order to have satisfaction in doing didactic profession, the teachers need a high level of self-esteem, a professional environment lacking stress and tensions, an environment which encourages active involvement, empathy and the joy of doing everything for those one devotes oneself each moment of one’s life. The work proposes a comparative analysis of self-esteem and burnout phenomenon for teachers in special education and in mass education. At the same time it approaches a correlative analysis between the level of self-esteem and the level of burnout for the persons who teach. The sample involved in the research is made of 142 teachers from special schools (83) and normal schools (59).
Speaking-club on-line para fortalecer la expresión oral del idioma inglês
Authors: Cedeño Maria Isabel Alcazar , Palma Melba Lilian Triana , Herrera Maria Mercedes Carpio , Liscano Veronica Alexandra Garcia
Published: December 2021

En la expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes del nivel secundario, la comunicación oral (speak) es uno de los aspectos más relevantes en el aprendizaje del idioma y es aquí donde se evidencia dificultad al desarrollar una conversación en ingles lo cual implica el desarrollo de destrezas y habilidades para la comunicación.  Tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de la estrategia Speaking Club on-line en el fortalecimiento de la expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes de secundaria de la Institución Educativa Nicolás Infante Díaz. En la construcción de esta estrategia multimedia se consideró antecedentes nacionales e internacionales pertinentes al tema, se fundamenta en la teoría de Chomsky sobre el enfoque comunicativo sintetizado por Oxford (1990).

La investigación es cuantitativa, de diseño cuasi-experimental, El estudio se realizó a una muestra de 70 estudiantes de segundo año de bachillerato el instrumento que se utilizó fue una rúbrica la técnica de análisis de datos fue la prueba no paramétrica la U de Mann Whitney que contrastó la Este trabajo de investigación surgió como respuesta a las dificultades presentadas hipótesis de investigación. Una vez desarrollada la estrategia Speaking Club on-line se evidenció que los estudiantes en el grupo experimental, el 1% necesita mejorar, el 51% se encuentra en logro obtenido y 37% logro notable y alcanza un logro sobresaliente un 9%. Apreciándose que el grupo experimental tienen un mejor desempeño en la prueba del Post-Test.

Los resultados fueron favorables se logró fortalecer la expresión oral hay una diferencia significativa en el nivel de los estudiantes antes y después de aplicación de la estrategia Speaking Club on-line, con respecto a la contratación de hipótesis general el resultado del sig lateral es 0,003< 0.05  si tiene efectos significativos en el desarrollo de la expresión oral. Por tal razón se recomienda la aplicación de esta estrategia multimedia Speaking Club on-line para ser empleado en otros contextos.
Estrategias metodológicas para la enseñanza contable
Authors: Anchundia Liliana Isabel Flores , Jiménez Marjorie Magdalena Jara , Jama Teófilo Tonny Terán , Chango Lilibeth Belén Montúfar
Published: December 2021

La educación en el área técnica de la figura profesional de contabilidad se ha convertido en uno de los ejes que denotan mucha importancia durante los últimos años, en tal contexto, existe preocupación acerca de temáticas como la preparación del docente, currículos y modelos pedagógicos, por tal razón, este estudio tuvo como propósito determinar el efecto del diseño y aplicación de estrategias metodológicas para mejorar la enseñanza de contabilidad desde la percepción de los estudiantes en instituciones técnicas del Distrito 12D06 Buena Fe – Valencia – Educación, con una muestra de 70 estudiantes distribuidos en grupos de 35 estudiantes uno experimental y otro de control. Para el recojo de la información se utilizó como instrumento un cuestionario el cual fue sometido a una validación de juicio de expertos y para garantizar su confiabilidad se realizó el análisis estadístico utilizando el coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach. Como resultado se obtuvo que luego de la aplicación de las estrategias cambio el nivel de enseñanza de “mala” a “muy buena”, obteniendo un valor “p” significativo de 0,000 según la U de Mann-Whitney y se concluyó que la aplicación de las estrategias metodológicas mejora de manera significativa la enseñanza de contabilidad según la percepción de los estudiantes.
A comparison of the physiological responses to heat stress of juvenile and adult starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)
Authors: Lee Hyo B. , Yoon Ji H. , Park Jung Y. , Lee Il Y. , Lim Han K.
Published: December 2021

Water temperature is the most important factor in fish farming as changes in water temperature cause physiological stress in fish. There have been few studies on physiological responses to high temperatures, which vary with aging. This study investigated the responses of juvenile and adult Platichthys stellatus to heat stress. Plasma cortisol, glucose, lactate, and lysozyme levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and expression of heat shock proteins 70 and 90 (HSP70 and HSP90) of P. stellatus were determined at water temperatures of 16, 20, 24, 28, and 30°C. As a result, it was confirmed that several plasma parameters of adult were significantly higher than that of juvenile under heat stress. Plasma cortisol and glucose levels of adult were increased than juvenile at 24 and 28°C. Plasma lactate level of adult were higher than that of juvenile at 28°C. Comparisons of survival and physiological changes showed that juveniles have better thermal tolerance, resulting in a higher cumulative survival rate. Moreover, the relationship between thermal tolerance and HSP gene expression revealed that expression of HSP70 and HSP90 was significantly upregulated at 28°C in both juvenile and adult fish, and HSP70 expression was significantly higher in juvenile fish than in adult fish. It is judged that the adult’s HSP70 activity was lower than juvenile, so the demand for plasma parameters for heat response was relatively high, whereas juvenile’s HSP70 activity increased at 24 and 28°C, indicating a relatively stable value of plasma parameters. These results indicate that the thermal tolerance of juvenile fish is greater than that of adult fish, based on the differences in plasma parameters and HSP expression. These findings improve our understanding of age-related changes in P. stellatus during thermal stress and may help guide the management of fish farms.