bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polarization-resolved broadband time-resolved optical spectroscopy for complex materials: application to the case of MoTe2 polytypes
Authors: Perlangeli Michele , Peli Simone , Soranzio Davide , Puntel Denny , Parmigiani Fulvio , Cilento Federico
Published: February 2020

Time-resolved optical spectroscopy (TR-OS) has emerged as a fundamental spectroscopic tool for probing complex materials, to both investigate ground-state-related properties and trigger phase transitions among different states with peculiar electronic and lattice structures. We describe a versatile approach to perform polarization-resolved TR-OS measurements, by combining broadband detection with the capability to simultaneously probe two orthogonal polarization states. This method allows us to probe, with femtoseconds resolution, the frequency-resolved reflectivity or transmittivity variations along two mutually orthogonal directions, matching the principal axis of the crystal structure of the material under scrutiny. We report on the results obtained by acquiring the polarization-dependent transient reflectivity of two polytypes of the MoTe2 compound, with 2H and 1T’ crystal structures. We reveal marked anisotropies in the time-resolved reflectivity signal of 1T’-MoTe2, which are connected to the crystal structure of the compound. Polarization- and time- resolved spectroscopic measurements can thus provide information about the nature and dynamics of both the electronic and crystal lattice subsystems, advancing the comprehension of their inter-dependence, in particular in the case of photoinduced phase transitions; in addition, they provide a broadband measurement of transient polarization rotations.
Longitudinal magneto-optical effect enhancement with high transmission through a 1D all-dielectric resonant guided mode grating
Authors: Bsawmaii Laure , Gamet Emilie , Royer Francois , Neveu Sophie , Jamon Damien
Published: February 2020

A significant enhancement of the longitudinal magneto-optical effect is demonstrated numerically and experimentally in transmission, and for small angles of incidence, through a subwavelength resonant structure consisting of a dielectric grating on top of a magneto-optical waveguide. The enhanced polarization rotation is associated with a high transmittance. These low footprint devices may thus be suitable for applications like magnetic field sensors or in non-destructive testing.
Dual-wavelength DBR laser integrated with high-speed EAM for THz communications
Authors: Liu Yunlong , Tang Qiang , Zhang Lichen , La Xiaobo , Zhao Lingjuan , Wang Wei , Liang Song
Published: February 2020

We report a novel single-cavity dual-wavelength laser that has two distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) gratings at each side of a gain section for THz communication applications. By varying the inject current of one of the DBR gratings, the optical beat frequency of the laser can be widely tuned. In the device, a high-speed electro-absorption modulator (EAM) is also integrated and can be used for up to 25 Gb/s data modulation.
Tunable microwave sawtooth waveform generation based on one single-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator
Authors: Wei Chao , Jiang Yang , Luo Hao , Dong Ruyang , Tian Jing , Zi Yuejiao , Liu Hongfang , Wang Rong
Published: February 2020

A photonic method of sawtooth waveform generation by using one single-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Depending on the polarization-sensitive characteristic of the modulator, the modulation sidebands and optical carrier can independently exist on two orthogonal polarization directions. Therefore, the required Fourier components can be manipulated on two polarization dimensions separately, and the superposition of the orthogonal optical envelopes synthesize a sawtooth waveform in time domain. The feasibility of the scheme is theoretically analyzed. In the experiment, sawtooth waveforms with full duty cycle at 3, 5, and 8 GHz are obtained, which agree with the simulation results well.
Hyperspectral imaging for high-throughput, spatially resolved spectroscopic scatterometry of silicon nanopillar arrays
Authors: Gawlik Brian , Barrera Crystal , Yu Edward T. , Sreenivasan S. V.
Published: February 2020

Modern high-throughput nanopatterning techniques, such as nanoimprint lithography, make it possible to fabricate arrays of nanostructures (features with dimensions of 10’s to 100’s of nm) over large area substrates (cm2 to m2 scale) such as Si wafers, glass sheets, and flexible roll-to-roll webs. The ability to make such large-area nanostructure arrays (LNAs) has created an extensive design space, enabling a wide array of applications including optical devices, such as wire-grid polarizers, transparent conductors, color filters, and anti-reflection surfaces, and building blocks for electronic components, such as ultracapacitors, sensors, and memory storage architectures. However, existing metrology methods will have trouble scaling alongside fabrication methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), for instance, have micron scale fields of view (FOV) that preclude comprehensive characterization of LNAs, which may be manufactured at m2 per minute rates. Scatterometry approaches have larger FOVs (typically 100’s of µm to a few mm), but traditional scatterometry systems measure samples one point at a time, which also makes them too slow for large-scale LNA manufacturing. In this work, we demonstrate parallelization of the traditional spectroscopic scatterometry approach using hyperspectral imaging, increasing the throughput of the technique by a factor of 106-107. We demonstrate this approach by using hyperspectral imaging and inverse modeling of reflectance spectra to derive 3-dimensional geometric data for Si nanopillar array structures over both mm and cm-scale with µm-scale spatial resolution. This work suggests that geometric measurements for a variety of LNAs can be performed with the potential for high speed over large areas which may be critical for future LNA manufacturing.
Multifunctional optofluidic lens with beam steering
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Di , Wang Qiong-Hua , Xing Yan
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we demonstrate a multifunctional optofluidic (MO) lens with beam steering, which is actuated by electrowetting effect. A liquid lens chamber and a liquid prism chamber are stacked to form the MO lens. When the liquid lens chamber is actuated with voltage, the curvature of liquid-liquid interface changes accordingly and the focal length of the liquid lens can be varied. In the liquid prism chamber, a navigation sheet is just placed on the position of the liquid-liquid interface. When the liquid prism chamber is applied with voltage, the navigation sheet can be tilted to different angles in order to adjust the beam steering angle and keep high beam quality. Thereby, the MO lens has the zoom lens and the beam steering functions. The experiments show that the focal length can be tuned from -180 mm to -∞ and +∞ to 161 mm and the maximum beam tilt angle can be adjusted from 0° to 22.8° when the voltage is applied on one side of the electrode. The proposed MO lens can be applied in zoom imaging system, laser detecting system, and lighting system.
Food Pyramid - The Principles of a Balanced Diet
Authors: SARAC Ioan , BUTNARIU Monica
Published: February 2020

The need to understand the relation of man to food, determines the existence of appropriate behavior as well as an attitude in accordance with the modalities that determine human development and evolution, under this structural aspect. A proper diet is the one that provides the amount of nutrients corresponding to personal needs. The food pyramid is the scheme we refer to most in order to know the proportions of foods recommended for consumption. It is a pyramid divided into "layers", each corresponding to a category of foods and the respective quantity.
Hypertensive Crisis in Patients with Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Authors: Andrejic Olivera , Vucic Rada , Iric Cupic Violeta , Davidovic Goran
Published: February 2020

Introduction

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is the most common and the most severe form of acute hepatic porphyria.

Case report

Patient, 39 years old, was admitted to the Emergency Department because of abdominal pain. Abdominal pain started 5 days before the admission. The diagnostic research in his hospital showed presence of a stone in the right kidney, and the patient was transported to the other Clinical Centre, where a common urine test showed: high values of delta - aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen. The patient was transported to our Clinical Centre.

At the admission, abdominal pain decreased, but the patient had a hypertensive crisis with a headache, tearing eyes, swelling, anxiety. Common laboratory tests were in reference range, except creatinine, CRP, arterial blood gas analysis, urine test. The hypertensive crisis was treated by beta blockers and diuretics in maximal doses, but without a positive effect, so we decided to try with Glyceryl trinitrate intravenously. Control blood pressure was 170/100mmHg….130/80mmHg.

Discussion

Porphyria can be a diagnostic problem, because one of the manifestations can be abdominal pain.

Conclusions

Comorbidities can be critical in the therapy of life threating conditions.
Next Steps for Elevating Health on Trade and Investment Policy Agendas Comment on "How Neoliberalism Is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"
Authors: Townsend Belinda
Published: February 2020

Despite intergovernmental calls for greater policy coherence to tackle rising non-communicable diseases (NCDs), there has been a striking lack of coherence internationally and nationally between trade and health sectors. In this commentary, I explore the arguments by Lenucha and Thow in relation to barriers for greater coherence for NCDs, apply them to regional trade agreements, and point to next steps in research and advocacy for greater attention to health and NCD prevention in government trade agendas.
Understanding Structure and Agency as Commercial Determinants of Health Comment on "How Neoliberalism Is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"
Authors: Lee Kelley , Crosbie Eric
Published: February 2020

The limited success to date, by the public health community, to address the dramatic rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has prompted growing attention to the commercial determinants of health. This has led to a much needed shift in attention, from metabolic and behavioural risk factors, to the production and consumption of health-harming products by the commercial sector. Building on Lencucha and Thow’s analysis of neoliberalism, in shaping the underlying policy environment favouring commercial interests, we argue for fuller engagement with structure and agency interaction when conceptualising, assessing, and identifying public health measures to address the commercial determinants of health.
Transforming Disciplinary Traditions Comment on "Problems and Promises of Health Technologies: The Role of Early Health Economic Modeling"
Authors: Lehoux Pascale , Silva Hudson
Published: February 2020

Grutters et al show that economic assessments can inform the development of new health technologies at an early stage. This is an important contribution to health services and policy research, which implies a "shift away" from the more traditional forms of academic health economic modeling. Because transforming established disciplinary traditions is both valuable and demanding, we invite scholars to further the discussion on how the value of health innovations should be appraised in view of today’s societal challenges.
When Coproduction Is Unproductive Comment on "Experience of Health Leadership in Partnering with University-Based Researchers in Canada: A Call to ‘Re-Imagine’ Research"
Authors: Kreindler Sara A.
Published: February 2020

Bowen et al offer a sobering look at the reality of research partnerships from the decision-maker perspective. Health leaders who had actively engaged in such partnerships continued to describe research as irrelevant and unhelpful – just the problem that partnered research was intended to solve. This commentary further examines the many barriers that impede researchers from meeting decision-makers’ knowledge needs, and decision-makers from using knowledge that they have coproduced. It argues that not all barriers can or should be dismantled: some are legitimate and beneficial; some are harmful but deeply entrenched; some arise unpredictably. This being the case, it seems unrealistic to expect either existing or emerging strategies to create a macro-context devoid of barriers to the fruitful coproduction of knowledge. However, it may be possible to identify and support micro-contexts (configurations of participants, settings, and project characteristics) in which partnered research is most likely to achieve its aims.
National Pharmacare in Canada: Equality or Equity, Accessibility or Affordability Comment on "Universal Pharmacare in Canada: A Prescription for Equity in Healthcare"
Authors: Rawson Nigel S. B.
Published: February 2020

Canada’s federal government intends to take steps to implement national pharmacare so that all Canadians have prescription drug coverage they need at an affordable price. Relatively limited funds have so far been pledged to support national pharmacare, which raises the question: what kind of program is envisioned? Since the government has already introduced regulations intended to reduce new drug prices drastically, national pharmacare seems likely to be a basic system designed to assist low-income Canadians with accessing primary care medicines. What Canadians actually need is a system that provides access to the medicine considered appropriate by the patient and their healthcare provider for the patient’s specific condition. Equitable national pharmacare will not be achieved if patients are denied access to new high-cost specialized medicines that can improve or extend their lives, any more than if patients who cannot afford basic drugs are not helped.
Re-Framing the Knowledge to Action Challenge Through NIHR Knowledge Mobilisation Research Fellows Comment on "CIHR Health System Impact Fellows: Reflections on ‘Driving Change’ Within the Health System"
Authors: Rycroft-Malone Jo , Langley Joe
Published: February 2020

The ambition of the Canadian Institutes for Health Research Health System Impact (HSI) Fellowship initiative to modernise the health system is impressive. Embedded researchers who work between academia and nonacademic settings offer an opportunity to reframe the problem of evidence uptake as a product of a gap between those who produce knowledge and those who use it. As such, there has been an increasing interest in the potential of people in embedded research roles to work with stakeholders in the co-production of knowledge to address service challenges. In this commentary, we draw on research and experiential evidence of an embedded researcher initiative, which has similar intentions to the HSI Fellowships programme: the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Knowledge Mobilisation Research Fellowship (KMRF) scheme. We outline the similarities and differences between the two schemes, and then consider the work, characteristics and skills, and organisational arrangements evident in operationalising these types of roles.
It’s Time to Finally Kill the Zombies Comment on "Universal Pharmacare in Canada"
Authors: Lexchin Joel
Published: February 2020

The movement for a national pharmacare plan in Canada is growing, but at the same time the multinational pharmaceutical companies and their supporters are critical of such a move. The three major arguments that they make are that all that is needed is to "fill in the gaps," ie, cover those who currently are uninsured or underinsured, that private drug plans are superior to public ones because they cover a larger number of drugs and that Canada cannot afford pharmacare. This commentary examines each of these arguments and makes the case that none of them is valid and that it is time to get on with implementing pharmacare.
It’s Not the Model, It’s the Way You Use It: Exploratory Early Health Economics Amid Complexity Comment on "Problems and Promises of Health Technologies: The Role of Early Health Economic Modelling"
Authors: Partington Andrew , Karnon Jonathan
Published: February 2020

In a review recently published in this journal, Grutters et al outline the scope and impact of their early health economic modelling of healthcare innovations. Their reflections shed light on ways that health economists can shift-away from traditional reimbursement decision-support, towards a broader role of facilitating the exploration of existing care pathways, and the design of options to implement or discontinue healthcare services. This is a crucial role in organisations that face constant pressure to react and adapt with changes to their existing service configurations, but where there may exist significant disagreement and uncertainty on the extent to which change is warranted. Such dynamics are known to create complex implementation environments, where changes risk being poorly implemented or fail to be sustained. In this commentary, we extend the discussion by Grutters et al on early health economic modelling, to the evaluation of complex interventions and systems. We highlight how early health economic modelling can contribute to a participatory approach for ongoing learning and development within healthcare organisations.
Reimagining Researchers in Health Research Comment on "Experience of Health Leadership in Partnering With University-Based Researchers in Canada: A Call to ‘Re-Imagine’ Research"
Authors: Plamondon Katrina M.
Published: February 2020

It is widely accepted that research evidence should inform policy and practice in health service organizations. Yet, amid increasingly complex and even wicked realities, where health inequities prevail and resource-strained health service organizations struggle to keep pace with demand, using research to inform practice and policy remains an elusive ideal. Bowen and colleagues’ study illuminates critical relational pathways for engagement in evidence-informed practice and decision-making and suggests beginning insights into what might contribute to the tenuousness of this aspirational ideal. But what kind of reimagination is needed to move toward more genuine engagement in research? This commentary argues for reimagining the relationship between researchers and health research, positioning researchers as responsive, guided by humility, and part of a greater collective effort to advance a public good. It challenges notions of objectivity and detached expertise, suggesting that researchers embrace an active practice of humility focused on approaching research in service and from a position of learning rather than knowing.
What Can Health Services Researchers Offer Health Systems? Developing Meaningful Partnerships Between Academics and Health System Workers Comment on "Experience of Health Leadership in Partnering with University-Based Researchers in Canada - A Call to ‘Re-imagine’ Research"
Authors: Churruca Kate , Ellis Louise A. , Long Janet C. , Braithwaite Jeffrey
Published: February 2020

As healthcare researchers, we know very well our own experiences on the challenges of partnering with those in the health system to do collaborative, internationally-regarded studies aiming for impact. Bowen and colleagues’ study in Canada empirically examines these issues from the other side, interviewing health system leaders about their perspectives of us researchers, research collaborations and the challenges and opportunities these pose. Based on their findings, they propose a need to re-imagine the contours of research. Inspired by that, in this commentary we examine the context for research partnerships and consider some of the emerging models for fostering more meaningful collaborations between researchers and those working in healthcare systems and organisations. Based on principles of embedded research and researchers, these models—including translational research networks (TRNs) and researcher-in-residence models—rely on a complex interplay of personal and interpersonal factors to be successful.
Introducing Care Ethics into Humanitarianism Comment on "A Crisis of Humanitarianism: Refugees at the Gates of Europe"
Authors: Kouki Hara
Published: February 2020

Since 2015, the so-called refugee crisis has transformed ‘humanitarianism’ into a word devoid of meaning or value for European politics. By now, we all know there are numerous migrant populations in Europe living under inhuman conditions and denied their inalienable human rights; still, it seems futile to argue that equal value should be attached to all lives. Introducing care ethics into relief work calls to reflect upon humanitarianism differently, as a relationship between local communities, Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) workers and refugees that is embedded in space and time and might be allowed to have a future.
Expanding the Role of Early Health Economic Modelling in Evaluation of Health Technologies Comment on "Problems and Promises of Health Technologies: The Role of Early Health Economic Modeling"
Authors: Federic Carlo , Torbica Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

In this commentary, we discuss early stage assessments of innovative medical technologies both in terms of methods applied as well as their use in healthcare decision-making. We argue that cost-effectiveness alone may be too reductive if taken as the only decision rule, and it would benefit from being used within a broader evaluation framework. We discuss innovative methods which may contribute to better estimate the potential costs and consequences of a technology in the absence of solid clinical data, as frequently the case in early assessments. Finally, we comment on the potential synergies which may take place should early economic models be used not only by technology developers alone but as a negotiating base during early dialogues with health technology assessment (HTA) bodies.
Orvosok antibiotikumfelhasználással és -rezisztenciával kapcsolatos véleményének vizsgálata Magyarország délkeleti részén
Authors: Gajdács Márió , Szabó Andrea
Published: February 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Antibiotikumok nélkül napjaink modern orvostudománya
elképzelhetetlen lenne, az egyre terjedő rezisztencia azonban veszélyezteti
hatékonyságukat. Célkitűzés: Az orvosok
antibiotikumfelhasználással és -rezisztenciával, illetve prevencióval és
személyes felelősségtudattal kapcsolatos vélekedéseinek vizsgálata.
Módszer: Feltáró jellegű kvantitatív kérdőíves vizsgálat a
Dél-Alföld régióban tevékenykedő (n = 105) orvosok körében.
Eredmények: A válaszadók között kisebb arányban vannak
azok, akik még nem ismerik fel az antibiotikumrezisztencia veszélyeit és saját
szerepüket a megfelelő gyógyszerfelhasználás elősegítésében, emellett a döntő
többség kiemelt szerepet tulajdonít a fertőző betegségekkel kapcsolatos
megelőzésnek. A negatív gyakorlati attitűd hiányos ismeretekkel és nem megfelelő
elméleti attitűddel párosult. Következtetés: Az orvosok
vélekedésében és attitűdjében heterogén eloszlást tapasztaltunk. A témával
kapcsolatos folyamatos szakmai továbbképzés hosszú távon kiemelt jelentőségű.
Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(9): 330–339.
Az orvosi kommunikáció sajátosságai a gyermekonkológia területén, különös tekintettel a palliatív ellátásra
Authors: Földesi Enikő , Hauser Péter , Hegedűs Katalin
Published: February 2020

Absztrakt:

A gyermekkori rosszindulatú daganatos megbetegedések esetében meghatározó
jelentőségű a beteg gyermek, a családja és a kezelőorvos között kialakult
kapcsolat. Ennek alakulásában döntő szerepe van az orvosi kommunikációnak.
Különösen nagy hangsúlyt kap a kommunikáció színvonala abban a helyzetben,
amikor nincs lehetőség a gyermek megmentésére, és a palliatív kezelés kerül az
ellátás középpontjába. A gyermekkori palliatív ellátás esetében a megfelelő
orvosi kommunikáció jelenleg is intenzív kutatás tárgya, melyet nagyban nehezít
a téma érzékenysége, a palliatív ellátásban részesülő vagy elhunyt gyermekek
szüleinek, illetve az ellátószemélyzetnek a bevonási nehézségei. A jelen
munkában áttekintjük a gyermekonkológiai palliatív ellátással kapcsolatos
szakirodalmat. A széles körű kutatások ellenére alacsony azon vizsgálatok száma,
melyek az orvosi kommunikáció gyakorlati aspektusait igyekeznek felmérni. A
szakirodalomban bőségesen rendelkezésre álló elméletek gyakorlati
megvalósításának eredményességéről nem szólnak vizsgálatok. A területtel
kapcsolatos általános következtetések levonását nehezítik a szociokulturális
különbségek, köztük az orvosokkal szemben támasztott elvárások eltérése a
különböző kulturális, vallási környezetekben. Nincs eltérés annak megítélésében,
hogy a palliatív ellátás korai integrációja elengedhetetlen a diagnózisközléssel
egy időben. A már rendelkezésre álló ismeretek tükrében fontos e kutatások
végzése a különböző szociokulturális környezetek speciális keretei között. Orv
Hetil. 2020; 161(9): 323–329.
Benefits and challenges of automated materials technology in industrial construction projects
Authors: Dharmapalan Vineeth , O’Brien William J
Published: February 2020

The widespread adoption of automated materials locating and tracking technologies (AMLTTs) in the construction supply chain can positively impact productivity in industrial construction projects. Prior academic studies have identified the need, recommended the use and demonstrated the potential of AMLTTs using field trials and experiments. These studies have also identified the potential benefits and challenges of AMLTT implementation. Very few studies have empirically examined the on-site application of AMLTTs in projects and reported the actual benefits and challenges. This paper examines the commercial implementation of AMLTT in seven industrial projects to examine the benefits and challenges. Based on the empirical studies, four propositions are presented on the benefits and challenges of AMLTT use. First, improved operational efficiency due to AMLTT allows project/firm personnel to focus more on business-critical activities. Second, AMLTT use improves the transactional visibility of materials through information sharing in the supply-chain network. Third, AMLTT use requires a thorough data management plan. Finally, in order to achieve strategic benefits, AMLTT use requires addressing the organisational aspects of technology adoption. The enhanced understanding of the benefits and challenges of AMLTT implementation is the contribution to the industrial construction body of knowledge.
Trauma dentoalveolar como consecuencia de accidentes de tránsito en Bucaramanga y área metropolitana
Authors: Caipe-López Lizeth Yurlady , Manrique-Díaz Francy Nathaly , Villamizar-Santos Omar , Rueda-Velásquez Sandra Juliana , Castro-Navas Iliana María , Moreno-Monsalve Jaime Omar
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el trauma dentoalveolar lo constituyen todas aquellas lesiones que involucran estructuras dentales, hueso alveolar, tejidos blandos y periodonto; actualmente la frecuencia del trauma dentoalveolar y los accidentes de tránsito se han identificado como un problema de salud pública. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de trauma dentoalveolar ocasionado por accidentes de tránsito en Bucaramanga y área metropolitana entre el periodo 2010-2015. Materiales y métodos: se diseñó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en el cual se obtuvieron informes periciales realizados por el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses - Regional Nororiente Bucaramanga entre el periodo 2010-2015, siendo esta información la encontrada en los sistemas de información siclico y siavac-sivelce. Resultados: la frecuencia de trauma dentoalveolar ocasionado por accidentes de tránsito fue de 0,82%, donde el género masculino presentó mayor predisposición, el grupo de edades entre los 16-30 años, reportó una frecuencia de 45,45%, como diagnóstico se encontró que en la población de estudio hubo lesiones en tejidos blandos en un 17,6%, seguido de fractura de esmalte en un 13,9%, donde el grupo dentario más comprometido fue el de los incisivos centrales superiores; con respecto al tipo de transporte involucrado en los accidentes, se encontró un 74,2% de motocicletas, y que el conductor fue el más afectado, en un 51,5% de la totalidad de los eventos. Conclusiones: el trauma dentoalveolar ocasionado por accidentes de tránsito afectó estructuras a nivel de cavidad oral como tejidos blandos y tejidos duros, el grupo dentario más afectado fue el de dientes antero superiores, y las motocicletas fue el medio automotor más involucrado en estos sucesos.
Necropapiloscopía
Authors: Miguez-Murillas Gonzalo Germán
Published: February 2020

Introducción: en 1969, el entonces Of. Ppal. de la Policía Federal Argentina, José Hipólito Dorrego, ideó una técnica para la identificación de cadáveres momificados. Se propone una metodología basada en aquel, variando el soporte final de la toma de improntas.Materiales y métodos: primero, se procede a conformar la muñequita de Dorrego (se envuelve un trozo de plastilina en guantes de látex o nylon), y se entinta. Teniendo los tejidos secos, se entintan presionando con el conjunto anterior, y luego se le aplica presionando con intensidad media el lado adhesivo de la cinta transparente, la cual captará el relieve papilar. Se desprende cuidadosamente para no dañar el tejido y se transfiere pegándosela a un acetato transparente. Finalmente, el confronte papiloscópico o su carga al AFIS/SAID se efectúa tomando el acetato en su imagen especular (girándoselo 180°).Resultados y discusión: se logra aumentar considerablemente la calidad de la impronta en integridad (campo del dibujo papilar) y nitidez (diferenciación de las crestas/surcos interpapilares). Además, el método fue viable para otros estados cadavéricos (enfisematosos y carbonizados), siempre y cuando el tejido se encuentre previamente seco. Resta experimentar sobre el lado interno de la epidermis y especialmente sobre la siempre delicada dermis.Conclusiones: con esta variante, se abaratan en costes y tiempo la identificación necropapilar, mientras se multiplica y optimiza la cantidad de improntas idóneas por entintado.
Análisis de huellas de pisoteo y eólicas sobre huesos de un vertebrado moderno
Authors: Nasti Atilio
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el análisis tafonómico de los restos óseos nos permitiría obtener información sobre algunos de los procesos posdepositacionales que los afectaron a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Este trabajo pretende exponer algunos de los resultados sobre la formación y distribución de huellas sobre restos óseos como parte de los procesos diagenéticos.Métodos y materiales: para el análisis de las huellas se seleccionaron cinco muestras de huesos planos analizadas mediante la técnica de microscopía electrónica de barrido ambiental. Para obtener imágenes topográficas de las impresiones, se utilizó un perfilómetro óptico 3D.Resultados y discusión: durante la presión de la superficie del periostio sobre el sedimento se producen ablaciones (soluciones de continuidad por colapso del periostio), que se asocian con frecuencia a la presenciade huellas múltiples. Con respecto a las huellas producidas por erosión eólica, estas muestran dos tipos de morfología: una se presenta como pequeños agujeros con perímetros simétricos, generalmente coincidentecon morfología de los granos de sedimento. El otro tipo de huella muestra una forma más asimétrica de forma alongada.Conclusión: los procesos tafonómicos pueden ser reconstruidos a partir de una secuencia diacrónica de la alteración que permita modelar una línea de tiempo que reconstruya los procesos que afectaron los restos orgánicos desde la muerte de un organismo. El modelo diagenético de Equus sp. mostraría que la erosión eólica permanecería a las pocas semanas de depositación y actuaría en espacios de tiempo más largos con lapsos de interrupción al momento del enterramiento de Equus por procesos de sedimentación.
Dos conceptos encontrados de derecho a la cultura en la Constitución de Colombia
Authors: Charria-García Fernando
Published: February 2020

Propósito: el presente trabajo indaga sobre el concepto de cultura de la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos de 1948, y el concepto de cultura en la Constitución Política de Colombia de 1991, a la luz de la concepción de bloque de constitucionalidad. Nada de particular podría tener esta referenciación salvo que se trata de dos formas de expresar el concepto de cultura que son diferentes, lo cual supone la generación de una tensión-distensión entre el concepto de cultura expresado en la Constitución Política de Colombia de 1991 y el concepto de cultura en la Declaración de Derechos Humanos de 1948.  

Descripción: como es apenas natural, es imprescindible resolver dicha tensión mediante un análisis y un estudio interpretativo cuya importancia radica en que nos debe indicar la manera de resolver la tensión de dos conceptos sobre cultura desde la perspectiva jurídica. 

Punto de vista: el presente trabajo ofrece un tipo de interpretación cuya aspiración es dejar una impronta que pueda utilizar el juzgador cuando se deba ocupar de este asunto.  

Conclusiones: a la fecha, este concepto no lo ha tomado en cuenta ninguna de las altas cortes judiciales en Colombia, y de manera particular la Corte Constitucional, ente encargado por su naturaleza de la interpretación y el control de las normas constitucionales.
Garantía de audiencia-debido proceso. Transgresión del derecho humano al importador en el procedimiento aduanero
Authors: Aguado Romero Gabriela
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: el propósito del presente estudio es realizar un análisis del derecho humano a la garantía de audiencia-debido proceso, reconocido tanto en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos como en el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Encontramos que este derecho humano se ve transgredido en el ámbito aduanal, dentro de la legislación secundaria. Esta violación se presenta cuando se soslaya el principio de legalidad y se otorga con esto un margen de discrecionalidad a favor de la autoridad aduanal en contra de la figura del importador.Metodología: para el desarrollo del presente estudio se empleará una metodología exegética y el uso de la técnica documental bibliográfica.Resultados: dado lo anterior, se observa una falta de armonización para la protección de los derechos humanos, pues a pesar de que la reforma constitucional del 2011, en materia de derechos humanos, trae aparejado un cambio en la forma de interpretar la Constitución y los tratados internacionales de los que el Estado mexicano sea parte, es evidente que la legislación en materia aduanera en México aún contiene disposiciones que transgreden el derecho humano a la garantía de audiencia-debido proceso, entre otros.Hallazgos: el Estado incumple con la obligación de respetar, proteger, promover y garantizar el ejercicio y goce de los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales de las personas que se encuentran dentro de su jurisdicción.
Dependencia de la variabilidad hidrológica de los fenómenos macroclimaticos. Caso de estudio
Authors: Arteaga Ávila Lina Betulia , Delgado-Peña Lina Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Introducción: este artículo es producto de la investigación de la incidencia del fenómeno de oscilación cuasi-bienal sobre el comportamiento hídrico en el norte de abastecimiento de Bogotá realizado en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada en el año 2017.
Problema: en la última década, en Colombia, se han presentado años de muy alta y de muy baja humedad relativa, los cuales se asocian con los fenómenos macroclimatológicos que tienen repercusión sobre el régimen hidrológico regional y local, y generan variabilidad de la oferta hídrica.
Metodología: en este estudio se presenta un análisis estadístico proclive a determinar la influencia de la oscilación cuasi-bienal sobre los caudales medios mensuales de los embalses de Sisga, Tominé y Neusa del sistema de abastecimiento norte de Bogotá, a partir de correlaciones lineales entre las dos variables.
Resultado: se evidenció una incidencia del fenómeno de oscilación cuasi-bienal sobre los afluentes a los embalses entre un 2,7% y 4,0% que tarda en reflejarse en un periodo de nueve meses.
Conclusión: el fenómeno de oscilación cuasi-bienal no aporta de manera significativa la escorrentía superficial de las cuencas estudiadas.
Limitaciones: aunque en el estudio no se ha podido demostrar la incidencia del fenómeno natural, en otras zonas del país este efecto es demostrado. A manera de hipótesis, se puede suponer que la aplicación de otros métodos estadísticos diferentes al aplicado, posibilitará un análisis más profundo de los resultados.
Originalidad: en el marco nacional son pocos los estudios realizados acerca del fenómeno de oscilación cuasi- bienal y su influencia sobre la variabilidad hídrica interanual.
Predictive Analysis Of Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Agrawal Rashmi
Published: February 2020

This paper is a product of the research Project “Predictive Analysis Of Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning Techniques” performed in Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad in the year 2018.
Introduction: The present article is part of the effort to predict breast cancer which is a serious concern for women’s health.
Problem: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and has always been a threat to women’s lives. Early diagnosis requires an effective method to predict cancer to allow physicians to distinguish benign and malicious cancer. Researchers and scientists have been trying hard to find innovative methods to predict cancer.
Objective: The objective of this paper will be predictive analysis of breast cancer using various machine learning techniques like Naïve Bayes method, Linear Discriminant Analysis, K-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine method. 
Methodology: Predictive data mining has become an instrument for scientists and researchers in the medical field. Predicting breast cancer at an early stage helps in better cure and treatment. KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases) is one of the most popular data mining methods used by medical researchers to identify the patterns and the relationship between variables and also helps in predicting the outcome of the disease based upon historical data of datasets.
Results: To select the best model for cancer prediction, accuracy of all models will be estimated and the best model will be selected.
Conclusion: This work seeks to predict the best technique with highest accuracy for breast cancer.
Originality: This research has been performed using R and the dataset taken from UCI machine learning repository.
Limitations: The lack of exact information provided by data.
A Local Type-2 Fuzzy Set Based Technique For He Stain Image Enhancement
Authors: Jyoti Bora Dibya , Kumar Bania Rubul , Ngoc Che
Published: February 2020

The proposed approach in the paper comes under “Advanced Soft Computing Based Medical Image Processing Research” and the work has been conducted by Dr. Dibya Jyoti Bora (Assistant Professor), School of Computing Sciences, The Assam Kaziranga University, Jorhat, Assam in the year 2018-2019.
Introduction: HE stain images, although considered as the golden standard for medical image diagnosis, are still found to suffer from poor contrast and degradation in color quality. In this paper, a Type-2 fuzzy set-based enhancement technique is proposed for HE stain image enhancement with special care towards color-based computations and measurements.
Methods: This paper introduces a new approach based on Type-2 fuzzy set for HE stain image enhancement where Bicubic Interpolation plays an important part. Unsharp Masking is also employed as a post enhancement factor.
Results: From the results, it is clearly visible that cell nuclei and other cell bodies are easily distinguishable from each other in the enhanced result produced by our proposed approach. It implies that vagueness in the edges surrounding the objects in the original image is removed to an acceptable level.
Conclusions: The proposed approach is found to be, through both subjective and objective evaluations, an efficient preprocessing technique for a better HE stain image analysis.
Originality: The ideas involved in this paper are original. If work by other researchers are mentioned in any part of the paper, then they are cited properly.
Limitation: The relatively high time complexity is the only limitation associated with the proposed approach.
Production of Bioethanol from Bore (Alocasia macrorrhiza)
Authors: Díaz Díaz Elkin Darío , Quinto Solis Salma Rosa
Published: February 2020

Introduction: This publication is the product of research entitled “Production of Bioethanol from Bore” developed in the year 2016 at the National University of Colombia in Medellín, Colombia.
Objective: To reduce the emissions of gases produced by the combustion of petrol by use of a 90:10 fuel-ethanol mixture from the bioethanol obtained from the Bore plant (Alocasia macrorrhiza).
Methodology: The process for obtaining ethanol involves pretreatment of the raw material through washing and husking, liquefied, pre-drying, pre-shredding, drying, crushing and sifting and later a microbial fermentation using the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Conclusions: The admixtures of bioethanol in 90:10 fuel-bioethanol mixtures generated an increase in the quality of the fuel, due to the oxygen present in the mixture which improves the combustion. Following this work, it is concluded that Bore (Alocasia macrorrhiza) is a promising raw material in the production of a bioethanol with the highest concentrations of starch and better results from fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Originality: To provide a new unknown raw material to produce a bioethanol destined for mixtures with gasoline.
Limitations: The general lack of knowledge of the plant, commonly called a weed, in addition to few references related to its use in the production of bioethanol.
Vulnerable Road Users, Prioritization of Urban Sectors with High Accident Rates
Authors: Rueda Villar Omar , Cerquera Escobar Flor , Pérez-Buitrago Gonzalo
Published: February 2020

Introduction: This article presents a review and analysis of studies that concern research made into “Road infrastructure design models to improve road safety for vulnerable users, prioritizing the high accident zones in Bogota D.C.”
Objective: To understand the interrelationship between the vulnerable road users, natural surrounding factors and buildings, based on the determination of the most representative variables for the analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), applied to the prioritization of areas with high accident rates.
Methodology: It is based on identifying, through review, the known and unknown updated and important results about accident investigations with regards to vulnerable road users.
Results: The use of multivariable correlation – analysis of groupings that are treated with GIS – to identify the main factors associated with the seriousness of traffic accidents related to vulnerable road users, allows for the generation of road infrastructure designs that reduce the risk, based on areas of high frequency of occurrence.
Conclusions: The multi-criteria analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allow for the prioritization of areas with high accident rates not only through the evaluation of the quantity of accidents but also by the evaluation of their conditions, by which causal factors of greater influence are identified.
Originality: Development of infrastructure plans that reduce the risk of vulnerable road users being struck by a vehicle.
Limitations: The methodology is only applied to urban areas where there is a pre-existing history of accidents.
Proposal of Architecture And Application of Machine Learning (Ml) as A Strategy For The Reduction of University Desertion Levels Due to Academic Factors
Authors: Rodríguez Molano José Ignacio , Forero Zea Leidy Daniela , Piñeros Reina Yudy Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Introduction:  Machine Learning arises as one of the techniques of artificial intelligence, with the development of computer programs that, through algorithms, access data and use them to learn and predict results. Their application in education allows for the characterization of problems or difficulties in learning through the analysis of student performance.
Objective:  Identification of applications of Machine Learning that can be applied to the educational field accompanied by a proposal of architecture for the application in an environment of personalized education.
Methodology: This article begins with the review of the literature on the characteristics of Machine Learning and academic desertion, with an emphasis on the Colombian case, the Hyper-personalization and its applicability to learning methodologies. Then, a proposal of architecture in a Machine Learning environment is generated in order to mitigate the academic desertion caused by academic factors. Finally, we propose mechanisms for evaluating the proposed architecture, with a subsequent synthesis and discussion of the results.
Conclusions: The construction of a Moodle architecture for the hyper-personalization of learning, is a global perspective of the representative factors proposed for the development of applications through Machine Learning. This could lead to a decrease in levels of university academic desertion because it facilitates the management of knowledge, information and adaptation through the analysis of scenarios.
Originality: The proposed architecture is shown as an application of machine learning in social cases such as academic desertion, allowing the inclusion of automatic learning models with the requirements of an educational environment.
Restrictions: The case for the application for the Hyper-personalization of learning uses an academic approach which can generate invalid results regarding desertion levels.
The Efficiency of Applying Compressed Sampling and Multi-Resolution Into Ultrasound Tomography
Authors: Quang Huy Tran , Dung Nguyen Van , Tran* Duc-Tan
Published: February 2020

Introduction: This publication is the product of  research developed within the research lines of the Smart Sensing, Signal Processing, and Applications (3SPA)  research  group  throughout  2018,  which  supports  the  work  of  a  doctor’s degree at VNU University of Engineering & Technology, Vietnam.

Problem: The limitations of diagnostic ultrasound techniques using echo information has motivated the study of new imaging models in order to create additional quantitative ultrasound information in multi-model imaging devices. A promising solution is to use image sound contrast because it is capable of detecting changes in diseased tissue structures. Ultrasound tomography shows speed-of-sound changes in the propagation medium of sound waves. This technique is primarily used for imaging cancer-causing cells in womens’ breasts. The Distorted Born Iterative Method (DBIM), based on the first-order Born approximation, is an efficient diffraction tomography approach. The compressed sensing technique is utilized for DBIM to obtain the high-quality ultrasound image, although the image reconstruction process is quite long.

Objective: The objective of the research is to propose an combined method for the efficient ultrasound tomography.

Methodology: In this paper, we proposed an approach to enhance the imaging quality and to reduce the imaging time by applying the compressed sensing technique along with the multi-resolution technique for the DBIM.

Results: The simulation results indicate that the imaging time is reduced by 33% and the imaging quality is improved by 83%.

Conclusion: This project seeks to propose an improvement in ultrasound tomography. The simulated results confirmed the realibility of the propsed method.

Originality: Through this research, a combined method of compressed sensing and multiple resolution are formulated for the first time in ultrasound tomography.

Limitations: The lack of experiments to confirm the proposed method.