bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Agreement Given Correct Assignment: The Case of L2 Spanish Learners
Authors: Martoccio Alyssa
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The current study contributes to the argument regarding whether L2 learners up to advanced levels make agreement errors on grammatical gender. It reports gender agreement accuracy on a written Grammaticality Judgment Task (GJT) and an Elicited Oral Production Task (PDT) on known nouns assigned the correct gender by participants on a vocabulary test. Participants were 15 intermediate and 15 advanced second language Spanish learners (first language English), and 15 native Spanish speakers. Overall results found that intermediate learner agreement scores differed significantly from those of native speakers on the GJT and PDT, but advanced learner scores did not differ from those of native Spanish speakers on either task. Findings for advanced learners demonstrate that once these learners know the meaning of a noun and can correctly assign its gender, gender agreement is relatively unproblematic. Results of the present study reinforce the importance of focusing learner attention on gender assignment while teaching noun meanings at least through intermediate levels, to aid in gender agreement accuracy by strengthening co-occurrence relations between nouns and their modifiers. Findings are discussed in terms of the lexical gender learning hypothesis (Grüter et al. 2012), which focuses on the relationship of input and experience to gender acquisition.
Redeeming Professions: Wollstonecraft, Austen, and Vocational Choice
Authors: Gates Amy L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Jane Austen’s novels insist that readers notice characters’ professions and vocational choices. This essay argues that Austen’s ideas develop from—and expand on—Wollstonecraft’s claims about the power and potential of vocational choice to benefit self and society. In A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790) and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Mary Wollstonecraft famously critiques clergy, soldiers, and sailors because too often men in these professions were—like women of the time—without choice of career and without self-determination within those careers. Austen illustrates novelistically many of the complaints Wollstonecraft levels against men in clerical and military professions, but she also offers examples that redeem these professions and the men who intentionally adopt them. Previous studies of Wollstonecraftian influence on Austen have largely overlooked Austen’s insistent attention to men’s careers and the ways in which they affirm Wollstonecraft’s critiques as well as extend the possibility of moral and social benefits to be realized from vocational choice, equipping men, too, to be better marriage partners and citizens. This essay provides an overview of Wollstonecraft’s theories about vocational choice and Austen’s fictional echoes of these theories within the context of contemporary ideas of vocation and the professions. Then it turns to two case studies from Austen’s fiction and two characters who most directly and extensively discuss their choices of profession: Edward Ferrars in Sense and Sensibility (1811) and Edmund Bertram in Mansfield Park (1814). Bringing these elements together not only illuminates another aspect of Wollstonecraft’s influence on Austen that has received scant critical attention but also reveals Austen’s contribution to changing notions of profession and egalitarian marriage partnerships.
“What Would Become of My Literary Career?”: Julia Ward Howe, Elizabeth Stoddard, and the Limits of Literary Traditions
Authors: Livengood Nicole C.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: In The Hermaphrodite (ca. 1846) and “Collected by a Valetudinarian” (1870), Julia Ward Howe and Elizabeth Stoddard indulge in fantasies in which their protagonists, Laurence and Alicia, embrace fully Romantic modes of authorship. Laurence and Alicia can fulfill Romantic ideals of authorship partly because they publish their work through the circulation of ideas rather than in printed, mass-produced form; they also embrace life writing as a genre and explore the aesthetics of manuscripts’ materiality. Through these characters, Howe and Stoddard explore the costs and consequences of self- and literary authorship at the intersections of two overlapping mid-nineteenth-century media traditions: nonprint salon and manuscript cultures and the more recent tradition of commercial print culture. Even as The Hermaphrodite and “Collected” emphasize life writing’s artistry and authenticity and showcase nonprint modes of authorship and circulation as a way of embracing literary and personal autonomy, they also reveal those pathways as imperfect. When read together, these works neither condemn one tradition nor condone the other. Rather, they ask readers to reassess—and address—critical paradigms that limit conceptions of authorship and literary careers.
Landscape Love Letters: An Appreciation of the Larry Ford Photographic Library
Authors: Graves Steven
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay, adapted from the APCG Presidential address delivered at the eighty-fourth annual APCG conference in Bellingham, Washington, explores the substantial legacy of Larry Ford as an author and photographer. Ford's extensive research publications profoundly influenced the thinking, and indeed the career trajectory, of numerous geographers, including the author. Ford's corpus of landscape geography photography is perhaps the equal of his text-based works and is the most important photographic collection housed in the Geography Department at California State University, Northridge. To demonstrate the value of the collection, several sample images from the Ford photography collection are considered from a landscape geography perspective.
An Appreciation of Carl O. Sauer's Intellectual History
Authors: Yoon Hong-key
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Based on Carl O. Sauer's taped reflections on his own academic life, this paper outlines and offers a personal appreciation of Sauer's intellectual history. I argue that Sauer's intellectual life can be conceptualized as three dialectical developmental stages: (1) the Warrenton-Calw stage , marked by general education in his hometown environment; (2) the Chicago-Ann Arbor stage , marked by steep intellectual growth and expansion of his knowledge in geography as an academic subject; and (3) the Berkeley Stage , characterized by his Mexican field work and establishment of his own form of historical-cultural geography. This paper argues that Sauer's own intellectual curiosity, rather than any external influences, was the primary factor behind his scholarly progression to successive stages. Driven by his own curiosity, Sauer covered a wide range of research themes covering physical geography, use of fire in the development of landscape, theoretical discussion of the landscape morphology, and prehistorical agricultural origins and dispersals. He was a remarkable scholar and teacher who made a significant impact on the course of geography.
The Specter of Sartre in Brazilian Concrete Poetry: Paideuma, Affect, Politics, and the Question of World Literature
Authors: Shellhorse Adam Joseph
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay returns to Brazilian concrete poetry's origins and conception of the paideuma. It does so in order to unearth the cardinal, yet underestimated legacy of Jean-Paul Sartre for the Noigandres group's conception of poetic form, literary engagement, and world literature. Drawing on their theoretical writings as well as those of Sartre, Martin Heidegger, Oswald de Andrade, Ernest Fenollosa and Pound, I illustrate how the French thinker configured a matrical part of what the poets deemed the cultural-morphological process. Third, against the grain of the numerous critiques that have shortchanged the concretes' participatory experiments, the essay endeavors to throw light over the intervening power of their political poetics, concluding with an assessment of Haroldo de Campos's "poemalivro," Servidão de passagem (1962). By way of a return to antropofagia, the ideogram, and the Poundian paideuma, I show how Campos's breakthrough shatters "the Sartrean dilemma" and alters the theory and practice of committed literature, configuring itself as a generative, constellatory, and mediational praxis for counterconstructing the present (H. Campos, "Respuesta" 43).
Geofetishism and the Tender Violence of Rare Earths
Authors: Boetzkes Amanda , Diamanti Jeff
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article addresses the geospeculation of Kuannersuit, a mountain in southwest Greenland that holds a major deposit of rare earth minerals, including uranium. Through the concepts of “geofetishism” and “tender violence,” we consider the history of mineral speculation in Greenland, and how its colonial history bears on the now independent (Inuit) Greenlandic government, and the township of Narsaq. With a focus on the anti-uranium activist group, Urani? Naamik! , we show the challenges posed to Greenlanders in their resistance to the mobilization of their mineral resources by the Australian mining company, Greenland Minerals and Energy (now renamed Energy Transition Minerals). A highlight of this resistance, in our view, is Urani Naamik’s counter-analysis of GME’s environmental assessment report.
40  W of supercontinuum generated by a self-pulsed pump-sharing oscillator-amplifier
Authors: Abbouab Clara , Malleville Marie-Alicia , Leconte Baptiste , Jamier Raphaël , Genier Etienne , Morin Philippe , Roy Philippe
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate an all-fiber supercontinuum (SC) source delivering up to 40 W of average power ranging from 750 to 2200 nm. The laser source is based on a self-Q-switched pump-sharing oscillator-amplifier. The self-Q-switched master oscillator generates giant pulses, amplified in the high-power stage. Finally, a passive fiber acts as a nonlinear stage, improving the spectrum flatness as well as the spectral broadening. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a pump-sharing oscillator-amplifier is used for SC generation and is based on the use of a submeter Ytterbium-doped fiber length inside the oscillator.
Low-loss and broadband wafer-scale optical interposers for large-scale heterogeneous integration
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Shang Kuanping , Zhang Yu , Li Siwei , Lin Yi-Chun , Yoo S. J. Ben
Published: December 2023

We design, fabricate, and demonstrate a low-loss and broadband optical interposer with high misalignment tolerance for large-scale integration of many chips using thermal compression flip-chip bonding. The optical interposer achieves flip-chip integration with photonic integrated circuit die containing evanescent couplers with inter-chip coupling loss of 0.54dB and ±3.53μm 3-dB misalignment tolerance. The loss measurement spectrum indicated wavelength-insensitive loss across O-band and C-band with negligible spectral dependence. Further, we demonstrate 1 to 100 wafer-scale equal power splitting using equal power splitters (EPS) and a path length matching design fabricated using a wafer-scale fabrication technique.
High-performance TM-pass polarizer based on anti-symmetric Bragg gratings
Authors: Liu Weizhuo , Fu Xin , Cheng Chuang , Yang Lin
Published: December 2023

We present an all-silicon transverse-magnetic-pass (TM-pass) polarizer based on anti-symmetric Bragg gratings. We obtain wide operation bandwidth and high polarization extinction ratio (PER) by maximizing the coupling between the forward TE0 mode and the backward TE1 mode through the reduction of the bridge element width. In the meantime, low insertion loss (IL) is acquired with long tapered structures and the exclusion of the center grating part. Experimental results indicate IL below 0.74 dB and PER over 40 dB covering the wavelength ranges of 1275–1360 nm and 1500–1523 nm, while the average IL within these ranges is as low as 0.27 dB. Additionally, simulation results suggest that the performance can be further improved by introducing chirp in the period of Bragg gratings, thus achieving IL < 0.11 dB and PER > 60 dB over a wide range of 280 nm (1290–1570 nm).
How does ChatGPT-4 preform on non-English national medical licensing examination? An evaluation in Chinese language
Authors: Fang Changchang , Wu Yuting , Fu Wanying , Ling Jitao , Wang Yue , Liu Xiaolin , Jiang Yuan , Wu Yifan , Chen Yixuan , Zhou Jing , Zhu Zhichen , Yan Zhiwei , Yu Peng , Liu Xiao
Published: December 2023

ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) system powered by large-scale language models, has garnered significant interest in healthcare. Its performance dependent on the quality and quantity of training data available for a specific language, with the majority of it being in English. Therefore, its effectiveness in processing the Chinese language, which has fewer data available, warrants further investigation. This study aims to assess the of ChatGPT’s ability in medical education and clinical decision-making within the Chinese context. We utilized a dataset from the Chinese National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) to assess ChatGPT-4’s proficiency in medical knowledge in Chinese. Performance indicators, including score, accuracy, and concordance (confirmation of answers through explanation), were employed to evaluate ChatGPT’s effectiveness in both original and encoded medical questions. Additionally, we translated the original Chinese questions into English to explore potential avenues for improvement. ChatGPT scored 442/600 for original questions in Chinese, surpassing the passing threshold of 360/600. However, ChatGPT demonstrated reduced accuracy in addressing open-ended questions, with an overall accuracy rate of 47.7%. Despite this, ChatGPT displayed commendable consistency, achieving a 75% concordance rate across all case analysis questions. Moreover, translating Chinese case analysis questions into English yielded only marginal improvements in ChatGPT’s performance (p = 0.728). ChatGPT exhibits remarkable precision and reliability when handling the NMLE in Chinese. Translation of NMLE questions from Chinese to English does not yield an improvement in ChatGPT’s performance.
Family rejection of non-hetero sexuality–Sexual orientation and behavior anonymity among sexual minority men in slum communities-BSGH 001
Authors: Shamrock Osman Wumpini , Abu-Ba’are Gamji Rabiu , Zigah Edem Yaw , Apreku Amos , Agbemedu George Rudolph Kofi , Boyd Donte T. , Adjaka Gideon , Nelson LaRon E.
Published: December 2023

It can be challenging for sexual minority men (SMM) to decide whether or not to disclose their sexual orientation or behavior. The implications of this decision are significant, especially when considering how their family might react. We interviewed individuals living in slum communities (n = 12) in Accra and Kumasi, Ghana. Our study found that two factors primarily influenced the decision of SMM to disclose their sexual orientation. Firstly, SMM feared facing harm from their families and, secondly, the close ties of SMM families to religious institutions in their communities, which taught against LGBTQ+ activities in the country. These findings contribute to understanding why SMM in Ghanaian slum communities choose to keep their sexual orientation anonymous. While no single intervention is enough to address the challenges associated with coming out, participants in the study agreed that a social support intervention that provides opportunities to educate and inform their families and community on LGBTQ+ activities could help them assimilate comfortably in their communities.
Improving estimates of pertussis burden in Ontario, Canada 2010–2017 by combining validation and capture-recapture methodologies
Authors: McBurney Shilo H. , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Brown Kevin A. , Rudzicz Frank , Wilton Andrew , Crowcroft Natasha S.
Published: December 2023

An underestimation of pertussis burden has impeded understanding of transmission and disallows effective policy and prevention to be prioritized and enacted. Capture-recapture analyses can improve burden estimates; however, uncertainty remains around incorporating health administrative data due to accuracy limitations. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of pertussis case definitions and data accuracy on capture-recapture estimates. We used a dataset from March 7, 2010 to December 31, 2017 comprised of pertussis case report, laboratory, and health administrative data. We compared Chao capture-recapture abundance estimates using prevalence, incidence, and adjusted false positive case definitions. The latter was developed by removing the proportion of false positive physician billing code-only case episodes after validation. We calculated sensitivity by dividing the number of observed cases by abundance. Abundance estimates demonstrated that a high proportion of cases were missed by all sources. Under the primary analysis, the highest sensitivity of 78.5% (95% CI 76.2–80.9%) for those less than one year of age was obtained using all sources after adjusting for false positives, which dropped to 43.1% (95% CI 42.4–43.8%) for those one year of age or older. Most code-only episodes were false positives (91.0%), leading to considerably lower abundance estimates and improvements in laboratory testing and case report sensitivity using this definition. Accuracy limitations can be accounted for in capture-recapture analyses using different case definitions and adjustment. The latter enhanced the validity of estimates, furthering the utility of capture-recapture methods to epidemiological research. Findings demonstrated that all sources consistently fail to detect pertussis cases. This is differential by age, suggesting ascertainment and testing bias. Results demonstrate the value of incorporating real time health administrative data into public health surveillance if accuracy limitations can be addressed.
An 18-month meditation training selectively improves psychological well-being in older adults: A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schlosser Marco , Klimecki Olga M. , Collette Fabienne , Gonneaud Julie , Kliegel Matthias , Marchant Natalie L. , Chételat Gaël , Lutz Antoine ,   for the Medit-Ageing Research Group
Published: December 2023

Objectives

As the world population is ageing, it is vital to understand how older adults can maintain and deepen their psychological well-being as they are confronted with the unique challenges of ageing in a complex world. Theoretical work has highlighted the promising role of intentional mental training such as meditation practice for enhancing human flourishing. However, meditation-based randomised controlled trials in older adults are lacking. We aimed to investigate the effects of meditation training on psychological well-being in older adults.

Methods

This study presents a secondary analysis of the Age-Well trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02977819), which randomised 137 healthy older adults (age range: 65 to 84 years) to an 18-month meditation training, an active comparator (English language training), or a passive control. Well-being was measured at baseline, mid-intervention, and 18-month post-randomisation using the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS), the World Health Organisation’s Quality of Life (QoL) Assessment psychological subscale, and composite scores reflecting the meditation-based well-being dimensions of awareness, connection, insight, and a global score comprising the average of these meditation-based dimensions.

Results

The 18-month meditation training was superior to English training on changes in the global score (0.54 [95% CI: 0.26, 0.82], p = 0.0002) and the subscales of awareness, connection, insight, and superior to no-intervention only on changes in the global score (0.54 [95% CI: 0.26, 0.82], p = 0.0002) and awareness. Between-group differences in psychological QoL in favour of meditation did not remain significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. There were no between-group differences in PWBS total score. Within the meditation group, psychological QoL, awareness, insight, and the global score increased significantly from baseline to 18-month post-randomisation.

Conclusion

The longest randomised meditation training conducted to date enhanced a global composite score reflecting the meditation-based well-being dimensions of awareness, connection, and insight in older adults. Future research is needed to delineate the cognitive, affective, and behavioural factors that predict responsiveness to meditation and thus help refine the development of tailored meditation training.
Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profile of patients presenting with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) in Ethiopia
Authors: Gize Addisu , Kassa Melkayehu , Ali Solomon , Tadesse Yosef , Fantahun Bereket , Habtu Yitagesu , Yesuf Aman
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Data regarding patients presenting with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) illness have not adequately been documented which provides distinct insights into low-resource settings like Ethiopia. Thus, the study aimed to compare epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profiles of patients presenting with acute respiratory syndrome illness in Addis Ababa Ethiopia.

Methods

We used a comparative cross-sectional study design among patients with SARS-CoV-2 illness at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from October 2020 to September 2021. Using a structured questionnaire a consecutive sampling technique was applied to collect socio-demographic data. Additionally, nasal swabs were collected to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection using a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Blood samples were also collected from the participants for laboratory profiles (hematological tests like; white blood cell count, hematocrit, and platelet count; and biochemical and enzymatic tests like; aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine, etc) analysis. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 and p-values ≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results

Of the total 413 participants presenting with SARS-CoV-2 illness, 250 (60.5%) participants tested positive for COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 patients were less likely to use an alcohol-based method of hand washing (12.5% vs 87.5%; p = 0.048). The COVID-19 patients had a higher proportion of headache (67.3% vs 32.7%, p = 0.001), sore throat (72.5% vs 27.5%, p = 0.001), and loss of sense of taste (74.4% vs 25.6%, p = 0.002). Patients with COVID-19 have significantly higher neutrophil than their counterparts (68.2% vs 31.8%; p = 0.001). Similarly, creatinine (64.9% vs 35.1%, p = 0.001) from renal function and alkaline phosphatase (66.8% vs 33.2%, p = 0.046) in the liver function tests were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest the need to substantially consider headache, sore throat, and loss of taste as potential clinical diagnostic symptoms for early screening and testing. Elevation of neutrophil, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase profiles are also used for potential diagnostic biomarkers in screening and testing suspected patients.
Fatigue and resilience in Master’s and PhD students in the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Valóta Izabel Alves das Chagas , Rodrigo da Silva Pimentel Rafael , Neroni Stina Saura Ana Paula , Marques da Silva Rodrigo , Siqueira Costa Calache Ana Lucia , José dos Santos Marcelo
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze levels of fatigue and resilience of Brazilian graduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine whether there is an association between fatigue and resilience and sociodemographic and academic factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and it was discovered that the variables associated with higher levels of resilience were age; having children; being retired; receiving income above five minimum wages; having had greater problems in other phases of the research schedule; coming from private universities; being from the north of Brazil; studying the area of Health; and having their research schedule unaffected during the pandemic. On the other hand, lack of resilience was associated with not having children; being less well-off financially; being younger; being a woman; studying in a public university; and having to postpone part of the research during the pandemic. The conclusion of the study indicated the need for graduate programs to design strategies to deal with fatigue and promote resilience in Master’s and PhD students.
Investigation on the fault monitoring of high-voltage circuit breaker using improved deep learning
Authors: Chen Hao , Han Chenlei , Zhang Yucheng , Ma Zhaoxing , Zhang Haihua , Yuan Zhengxi
Published: December 2023

Mechanical faults are the main causes of abnormal opening, refusal operation, or malfunction of high-voltage circuit breakers. Accurately assessing the operational condition of high-voltage circuit breakers and delivering fault evaluations is essential for the power grid’s safety and reliability. This article develops a circuit breaker fault monitoring device, which diagnoses the mechanical faults of the circuit breaker by monitoring the vibration information data. At the same time, the article adopts an improved deep learning method to train vibration information of high-voltage circuit breakers, and based on this, a systematic research method is employed to identify circuit breaker faults. Firstly, vibration information data of high-voltage circuit breakers is obtained through monitoring devices, this vibration data is then trained using deep learning methods to extract features corresponding to various fault types. Secondly, using the extracted features, circuit breaker faults are classified and recognized with a systematic analysis of the progression traits across various fault categories. Finally, the circuit breaker’s fault type is ascertained by comparing the test set’s characteristics with those of the training set, using the vibration data. The experimental results show that for the same type of circuit breaker, the accuracy of this method is over 95%, providing a more efficient, intuitive, and practical method for online diagnosis and fault warning of high-voltage circuit breakers.
Associations of serum DNA methylation levels of chemokine signaling pathway genes with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
Authors: Zou Ting , Zhou Xiaohui , Wang Qinwen , Zhao Yongjie , Zhu Meisheng , Zhang Lei , Chen Wei , Abuliz Pari , Miao Haijun , Kabinur Keyimu , Alimu Kader
Published: December 2023

Objective

To investigate the associations of serum DNA methylation levels of chemokine signaling pathway genes with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly people in Xinjiang, China, and to screen out genes whose DNA methylation could distinguish AD and MCI.

Materials and methods

37 AD, 40 MCI and 80 controls were included in the present study. DNA methylation assay was done using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP). Genotyping was done using Sanger sequencing.

Results

DNA methylation levels of ADCY2, MAP2K1 and AKT1 were significantly different among AD, MCI and controls. In the comparisons of each two groups, AKT1 and MAP2K1’s methylation was both significantly different between AD and MCI (p < 0.05), whereas MAP2K1’s methylation was also significantly different between MCI and controls. Therefore, AKT1’s methylation was considered as the candidate serum marker to distinguish AD from MCI, and its association with AD was independent of APOE ε4 allele (p < 0.05). AKT1 hypermethylation was an independent risk factor for AD and MAP2K1 hypomethylation was an independent risk factor for MCI in logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study found that the serum of AKT1 hypermethylation is related to AD independently of APOE ε4, which was differentially expressed in the Entorhinal Cortex of the brain and was an independent risk factor for AD. It could be used as one of the candidate serum markers to distinguish AD and MCI. Serum of MAP2K1 hypomethylation is an independent risk factor for MCI.
“Adivina el envenenamiento”: un juego para aprender toxicología a través de Instagram
Authors: Casanova Alfredo G. , Vicente-Vicente Laura
Published: December 2023

El taller del Farmaforum 2023 titulado “Adivina el envenenamiento” tuvo como objetivo incentivar el interés por la toxicología mediante la participación en un juego denominado “Adivina el envenenamiento”. Durante el transcurso del congreso se propuso esta actividad a través de la red social Instagram y, posteriormente, de manera presencial en los talleres. El fundamento del juego era descifrar envenenamientos “famosos” (rol detective) a través de preguntas que solo podían contestarse con sí/no (rol director). El juego finalizaba cuando un detective acertaba la víctima del envenenamiento y el tóxico implicado.
Análisis de la dispensación de medicamentos utilizados en la farmacoterapia del insomnio desde 2015 a 2022 en el ámbito de la farmacia comunitaria
Authors: Cubero de Blas Lucía , Parra Astorgano Lola
Published: December 2023

El insomnio es una consulta recurrente en farmacia comunitaria (FC) y nuestra hipótesis afirma que durante los últimos años se han producido cambios en el perfil de dispensación de los medicamentos y complementos alimenticios (MCA) cuya única indicación es el tratamiento del insomnio. Así, el estudio describe la dispensación de MCA desde 2015 a 2022, a partir de la actividad asistencial de tres FC de Castilla y León. Para ello, se analizaron las dispensaciones que requieren prescripción médica (MCR) y las de indicación y complementos alimenticios (MSR). Se recogieron 32 875 registros que mostraron un aumento del 52 % de la dispensación de MCA (R2 = 0,97), sin cambios en el perfil del uso de MCR, pero con el aumento en la dispensación de melatonina como complemento alimenticio, desde el 10 % de MSR en 2015 hasta el 51 % en 2022, de acuerdo con la importancia creciente de la administración exógena de esta hormona como principio activo de indicación farmacéutica. Estos resultados sugieren un cambio en el tipo de dispensación hacia la demanda de indicación en insomnio, reforzando el papel asistencial del farmacéutico comunitario para prevenir, tratar y a dar visibilidad a la mala calidad del sueño como un problema de salud pública.
Kitartás és érdeklődés a nyelvtanulásban
Authors: Csizér Kata , Fekete Imre , Szabó Fruzsina , Albert Ágnes
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate English majors’ grit-related
dispositions and their relationships to motivation and language learning
emotions. The importance of this study lies in the fact that general
motivation-related investigations could not explain some of the problems of
language education in Hungary (Csizér, 2020) and we think that a more
specific view on long-term issues pertaining to motivation, such as
students’ levels of grit, might be beneficial to teachers and researchers
alike. We used a standardized questionnaire to answer our research
questions and employed a sample of English language majors (N = 331). The
main results of our study show that participants’ motivation and grit were
of medium strength, which is somewhat surprising given the sample of our
study. In terms of correlations, grit correlated with emotions
significantly but only at medium level. Based on our results, it seems that
grit, especially, language-domain specific grit should be an important
component of future studies and more care should be taken to investigate
long-term motivation and its effects. Future studies could map this issue
qualitatively and explore other populations as well.
Dye Chromoendoscopy Outperforms High-Definition White Light Endoscopy in Dysplasia Detection for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Mohamed Mouhand F.H. , Marino Daniel , Elfert Khaled , Beran Azizullah , Nayfeh Tarek , Abdallah Mohamed A. , Sultan Shahnaz , Shah Samir A.
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Whether dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) adds value in surveillance colonoscopy with high-definition (HD) scopes remains controversial. This updated meta-analysis compares dysplasia detection using DCE and high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing surveillance colonoscopy.

METHODS:

A comprehensive search was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing HD-WLE and DCE in patients with IBD. The primary outcome was to compare the proportion of patients with at least 1 dysplastic lesion detected by DCE vs HD-WLE. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using the random-effects model, with I
2 > 60% indicating substantial heterogeneity. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence (CoE).

RESULTS:

Six RCT involving 978 patients were analyzed (DCE = 479 vs HD-WLE = 499 patients). DCE detected significantly more patients with dysplasia than HD-WLE (18.8% vs 9.4%), OR 1.94 (95% CI 1.21–3.11, I
2 = 28%, P = 0.006, high CoE). This remained significant after excluding 2 RCT published as abstracts. A sensitivity analysis excluding a noninferiority RCT with a single experienced operator eliminated the results' heterogeneity, OR 2.46 (95% CI 1.56–3.90, I
2 = 0%). Although high-grade dysplasia detection was numerically higher in the DCE group (2.8% vs 1.1%), the difference was statistically insignificant, OR 2.21 (95% CI 0.64–7.62, I
2 = 0%, low CoE).

DISCUSSION:

Our updated meta-analysis supports DCE as a superior strategy in overall dysplasia detection in IBD, even with HD scopes. When expertise is available, DCE should be considered for surveillance colonoscopy in patients with high-risk IBD, with the acknowledgment that virtual chromoendoscopy shows equivalence in recent studies. Further multicenter trials with multiple endoscopists with varying expertise levels and longer-term outcome data showing a reduction in cancer or cancer-related death are needed.
La vida de las cosas
Authors: Arce Rafael
Published: December 2023

Este artículo propone una lectura de Parques (2021) de Sergio Delgado, libro que reúne tres textos diferentes, uno de ellos, Parque del Sur, publicado originalmente en 2008. Los tres parques sobre los que trata cada texto constituyen una reflexión sobre la memoria que desborda ampliamente el problema de la subjetividad humana para abrirse a la vida en todas sus formas y a una concepción de la materia no inerte. Cada texto es una exploración de un espacio concreto que discurre sobre las relaciones entre naturaleza, paisaje, sociedades humanas y no humanas, su historia y su política. Para ello, la mirada de los protagonistas, naturalista primero y arqueológica después, se detiene en los parques como reductos de naturaleza dentro de la ciudad, en sus animales, sus plantas, sus cursos de agua y la composición inorgánica de sus elementos.
La enunciación literaria como posición extranjera
Authors: Fernández Bravo Álvaro
Published: December 2023

Este artículo analiza la posición de las así llamadas «literaturas extranjeras» en el currículum universitario de los estudios literarios en la Argentina. A través de un recorte que examina diversos casos en que la nacionalidad resulta insuficiente para abordar la complejidad del texto literario, se revisan consensos establecidos y se actualiza un debate que atraviesa el campo de la literatura comparada. Se trata de una discusión necesaria para repensar la organización del conocimiento literario y la economía de los saberes en las humanidades y formular alternativas para enseñar e investigar literatura más allá de las fronteras nacionales, en un marco cosmopolita, alejado tanto de marcas eurocéntricas como de agendas provincianas y chauvinistas.
Heterogeneidad y paisajes culturales latinoamericanos
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo F.
Published: December 2023

La Literatura Comparada surgió por oposición a los estudios específicos de literaturas nacionales; así, desde el comienzo se ha erigido como el estudio de las relaciones entre producciones literarias distintas, es decir, entre literaturas de naciones diferentes o producidas en idiomas distintos. Al contrario de las literaturas nacionales, que se restringían al ámbito de una nación, y de las literaturas producidas en un mismo idioma, que servían frecuentemente como referencial alternativo al de literaturas nacionales, la Literatura Comparada siempre tuvo como objeto productos literarios o culturales distintos, y se ha caracterizado como el estudio de contactos, intercambios y choques entre tales productos, o, en términos más académicos, como el estudio de los diálogos entre culturas.
Mujeres transatlánticas en mis libros
Authors: Lojo María Rosa
Published: December 2023

María Rosa Lojo analiza aquí los diferentes tipos de viajes transoceánicos, que cumplen los personajes femeninos de sus obras. Mujeres políticas, intelectuales, artistas o, simplemente, mujeres comunes; emigrantes, exiliadas o turistas que exploran otra realidad, siempre son de algún modo extranjeras en un mundo manejado por hombres, al que miran desde otra perspectiva. Manuela Rosas, Eduarda Mansilla, Victoria Ocampo son algunos de los personajes históricos recreados en estas novelas, junto a otras mujeres completamente ficticias. En ellas se combinan la audacia para dar el gran salto al otro lado sin perder la memoria, y la continuidad de un legado femenino creativo.
brecha de productividad e innovación en Entre Ríos
Authors: Flores Nadia Estefania
Published: December 2023

Este artículo propone una caracterización de la estructura productiva de Entre Ríos a partir del enfoque de CEPAL, Brechas Estructurales de Desarrollo. Por su parte la provincia de Entre Ríos ha presentado a lo largo de la historia una estructura productiva ligada fuertemente al sector primario, las actividades industriales más dinámicas resultan ser aquellas que se encuentran vinculadas con el sector. La provincia se caracteriza por presentar niveles de heterogeneidad estructural en su matriz productiva, por lo tanto, para su desarrollo es necesario que se realicen cambios estructurales. En este sentido se propone realizar una caracterización de la brecha de productividad e innovación en la provincia de Entre Ríos en relación a las demás provincias que conforman la Región Centro, Córdoba y Santa Fe. En el análisis se percibe que la provincia, a pesar del crecimiento económico reflejado no ha logrado diversificar su estructura productiva y potenciar significativamente sectores ligados al conocimiento y la tecnología, indispensables para el desarrollo.
ALACIP Joven: Aportes a una Ciencia Política Latinoamericana con perspectiva de género
Authors: Mercado Mott Macarena
Published: December 2023

El presente texto se enmarca en el desarrollo de la Jornada Debate “Política pública y género. ¿Cuál es el rol del Estado?” organizadas por el Equipo de Cátedra B “Ciencia Política” y la Secretaría de Investigación y Transferencia de la Facultad de Ciencia Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FCJS-UNL). A partir de la participación del Comité Ejecutivo del Grupo Joven en la Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencia Política (ALACIP Joven) en la Jornada, por tratarse de uno de los proyectos autogestionados seleccionados en la convocatoria 2022, proponemos una reflexión sobre la necesidad de pensar y construir una ciencia política con perspectiva de género
Agroecología a escala humana en el departamento de Chilecito, La Rioja. Análisis en relación con los ODS
Authors: Ceberio de León Iñaki
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de esta comunicación es analizar las debilidades y fortalezas en el proceso de transición hacia la agroecología a escala humana de los pequeños productores hortícolas del Departamento de Chilecito (La Rioja), a la luz de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable (ODS), establecidos en la AGENDA 2030. En Chilecito y ante la emergencia sanitaria del Covid-19, se impulsó un proceso de transición agroecológica con estos productores, bajo el seguimiento del Instituto de Agricultura Familiar, Campesina e Indígena, y el acompañamiento de la Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Las acciones apuestan por una agricultura sostenible a escala humana, que garantice la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria, que tras los desequilibrios económicos mundiales provocados por la pandemia del Covid-19 y, ahora, el conflicto militar entre Ucrania y Rusia, se develaron como vitales para la comunidad. En Argentina, el Proyecto de Ley de Fomento a la Agroecología, sumado a los compromisos del país con los ODS suponen un apoyo institucional al proceso de transición agroecológica. Sin embargo, los pequeños productores hortícolas enfrentan serios problemas vinculados al acceso a la tierra, al agua y a la falta de capacitación que permita una verdadera y sostenible transición a la producción agroecología.
Daño ambiental, el daño bien recibido
Authors: González Limardo Camila , Marty Florencia R
Published: December 2023

En un estudio descriptivo-analítico abordaremos los posibles discursos que legitiman la selectividad penal para con pueblos indígenas, frente a la explotación desmedida de recursos naturales en Argentina. A partir de conflictos existentes y hechos de la realidad, buscaremos evidenciar la naturalización del accionar de determinados sujetos, que ejecutan una tendencia extractivista bajo el marco de políticas de promoción industrial impulsadas por diversos actores nacionales y transnacionales, que a su vez se benefician de estas mismas medidas. De esta manera, se producen daños ambientales que no son abordados desde el ámbito penal, mientras que se criminalizan las acciones de comunidades vulnerabilizadas que se enfrentan a estas políticas, generen o no daño alguno.

El marco desde el cual realizaremos nuestro análisis es el de la perspectiva crítica de la criminología verde vinculada a conceptos como extractivismo, delito de maldesarrollo (mal vivir), desarrollo económico e inserción internacional, entre otros. Todo ello será estudiado desde y para el Sur Global, al que pertenecemos como investigadoras y que buscamos reivindicar y visibilizar.
Legislación y acciones afirmativas para la población trans. Un balance a diez años de la ley identidad de género en Argentina
Authors: Dellacasa María Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo describe una serie de normativas y políticas desplegadas por el Estado argentino durante el período 2012-2022 en pos de garantizar los derechos de las personas travestis, trans y no binarias.

En un primer momento introducimos la perspectiva de derechos humanos, considerando que resulta el marco más adecuado para el análisis del tema, luego analizamos algunos conceptos teóricos a los que recurrimos para el análisis, como el reconocimiento social, la igualdad y las acciones afirmativas.

En un segundo momento describimos detalladamente la Ley de Identidad de Género, el decreto presidencial que reconoce la identidad no binaria y la Ley de Promoción de Acceso al Empleo Formal para Personas Travestis, Transexuales y Transgénero “Diana Sacayán-Lohana Berkins”, así como el escenario en que tuvo lugar su implementación en Argentina.

Finalmente realizamos un análisis del impacto que tuvieron algunas de las principales medidas detalladas en el reconocimiento de las personas trans y en el mejoramiento de sus condiciones de vida. Para ello tomamos como insumo investigaciones desarrolladas por organismos públicos y organizaciones de la sociedad civil que permiten dar cuenta del alcance de las políticas.
Ecosofía del sonido y desafíos de la escucha
Authors: Barbanti Roberto
Published: December 2023

Ante el proceso sistémico de colapso de los ecosistemas, necesitamos poner en marcha nuevas estrategias epistémicas, estéticas y éticas. Tras haber observado y analizado el mundo, ahora tenemos que «escucharlo». La dimensión de la escucha se ha convertido en la cuestión clave de nuestra civilización planetaria. En efecto, el capitalismo actual es un sistema de producción basado esencialmente en una nueva forma de escucha instrumental que produce y pretende subyugar. Por tanto, es preciso concebir y practicar una auténtica capacidad de escucha, a la cual yo denomino «ecosofía sonora», para transformar el actual deseo de audiencia en un proceso de emancipación. La noción de sentipensar, introducida por el sociólogo Orlando Fals Borda en 1986 y retomada por Arturo Escobar en el título de su bello libro publicado en 2014 Sentipensar con la tierra, es tematizada para la enunciación de una nueva estética destinada a actualizar una aisthesis de la escucha del mundo.
Sonido y ecología: preguntas, ideas, urgencias en torno al field recording
Authors: Celedón Bórquez Gustavo
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la real conexión entre la urgencia climática y el field recording. Hay muy poco cuestionamiento en la práctica artística sobre sus bases. No basta simplemente con grabar la naturaleza cuando la discusión actual nos pone en el dilema de una crisis prácticamente terminal de la modernidad, ya sea en su versión poshumanista o en su versión antropocénica. La idea de una escucha de la naturaleza, de un trozo de realidad, parece quedar fuera de foco, siendo más bien un acto de despolitización en medio de una necesaria actividad política y ecológica del arte. Las siguientes líneas tratan de integrar la importancia de mejorar las condiciones de vida, comprendiendo que en una práctica como el field recording también pasan ideas fundamentales sobre los estados de cosas que, no indagando en ellas, pueden invertir la buena intención ecológica en actos que profundizan el problema.
Sensibilizar la escucha. Reflexiones a cuatro años de su creación
Authors: Villafañe Cristian
Published: December 2023

El espacio curricular Sensibilizar la escucha comenzó a desarrollarse desde el año 2019 en la Escuela de Música (FHUMyAR–UNR). En el año 2021, fue incluido en la currícula del Instituto Superior de Música (ISM–FHUC–UNL) como materia optativa general. Desde su creación propuso la reflexión sistemática en torno a dos centros de interés: por un lado, a la escucha en tanto acto voluntario y consciente, histórica y socioculturalmente situada. Es decir, buscó, por un lado, indagar en cuáles son las conexiones posibles entre la dimensión sensible del sujeto que escucha y las descripciones paramétricas que este pudiera realizar a partir de su acto de escucha. Por otro lado, indagó en cómo es que se dinamizan y tensionan las escuchas al ser institucionalizadas por trayectos académicos de formación musical específicos en el nivel universitario argentino. A la fecha de presentación de este resumen, Sensibilizar la escucha ha completado nueve ediciones, configurándose cada una de ellas como instancias de gran singularidad. 

En este trabajo proponemos reflexionar críticamente en torno a los cuatro años de desarrollo de Sensibilizar la escucha, recuperando las singularidades de cada edición como también los emergentes que fueron configurándose como núcleos temáticos a lo largo de su desarrollo, señalando además cuáles son los desafíos que siguen vigentes hasta este momento. A partir del relevamiento de los registros realizados en cada edición, de entrevistas y encuestas realizadas a quienes han participado del espacio, reflexionaremos en torno a cómo se han abordado desde Sensibilizar la escucha la articulación dimensión sensible–dimensión racional en el acto de escucha; la potencia en el uso de hashtags como posibles facilitadores para la producción de sentido; la consideración de una teoría viva, artísticamente compatible, para la práctica musical; y cómo tensiona la escucha al ponerse en juego en marcos institucionales específicos.