bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e seu diálogo com o Ensino de História
Authors: Vieira Jucilmara Luiza Loos
Published: January 2018

Este artigo teve por meta mostrar a produção acadêmica na área do ensino de história, tendo como fundamento a relação entre a Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e o ensino da história. A finalidade principal foi verificar a possibilidade do diálogo entre essa produção, considerada como expressão de uma cultura histórica de uma sociedade e o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da história. O artigo foi organizado da seguinte forma: foram apresentadas algumas perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas orientadoras para identificação da produção e seu diálogo com o ensino de história. Apresentou-se uma contextualização com a intenção de explicar o significado de Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e como ela é a expressão da cultura histórica de uma sociedade. Definiu-se o termo cultura histórica e como a Iconografia Pictórica Histórica enquanto expressão da cultura histórica, tem relação com a formação da consciência histórica e, portanto, com o ensino e aprendizagem da história. Apresentou-se uma definição para Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e o termo cultura histórica foi explorado juntamente com os elementos que o compõe, sendo realizado um estudo sobre a consciência histórica e a aprendizagem histórica. Palavras-chave: Educação Histórica. Iconografia Pictórica. Fonte Histórica.
Uma análise das despesas com saúde dos municípios da microrregião de Londrina
Authors: Santos Rogelio Gerônimo dos , Nascimento Sidnei Pereira do
Published: January 2018

Este artigo mediu a dinâmica dos gastos com saúde, no período de 1998 a 2014, dos municípios pertencentes à Microrregião de Londrina. Mais especificamente avaliou os efeitos do Pacto pela Saúde nas despesas com saúde pública nos municípios de Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Rolândia, Tamarana e Pitangueiras. Para isto, utilizou-se da metodologia econométrica denominada de Diferenças em Diferenças com Ajuste de Poligonais. Os resultados demonstraram que o Município de Londrina aumentou seus gastos com saúde pública per capita acima dos demais municípios avaliados, no período de 2006 a 2014.Também, demonstrou que todos os municípios aumentaram seus gastos com saúde, após a implantação efetiva do Pacto pela Saúde, em 2006.ABSTRACT The objective of this article was evaluated by a dynamic measure of the health expenditures of the municipalities belonging to the Micro-region of Londrina, from 1998. More specifically, it evaluated the effects of the Health Pact on public health expenditures in the municipalities of Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Rolândia, Tamarana and Pitangueiras. For this, we used the econometric methodology called Differences in Differences with Polygonal Adjustment. The results showed that the Municipality of Londrina increased its spending on public health per capita above the other municipalities evaluated, from 2006 to 2014. It also showed that all municipalities increased their spending on health after 2006 the implementation of the Pact for Health in 2006. Keywords: Spending on Public Health. Municipal Finances. Micro-region of Londrina.
The Relationship between Children’s Noncognitive Skills toward Food and Their Food Habits in a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Osera Tomoko , Tsutie Setsuko , Kobayashi Misako , Kurihara Nobutaka
Published: January 2018

Our previous study suggested that children’s food preferences were related to their concern about food and respect for food. In general, concern and respect were sorts of non-cognitive skills, which are useful for future life if acquired during childhood. The aim of this study was to make clear how concern about food and respect for food were related to their food habits and life style. We investigated the relationship between children’s non-cognitive skills and their food habits in a cross-sectional study. From 2007 to 2016, 2,408 Japanese kindergarten children aged 3 to 5 years were included in the study. The distribution was categorized into two patterns of their non-cognitive skills based on whether a particular the guardians answered children’s non-cognitive skills, concern about food and respect for food. The high and low of non-cognitive skills toward food were related to lifestyle, food preferences and food habits. High non-cognitive skills toward food may be associated with to take good food habits and their preferences in kindergarten children.
FLIGHT PHENOLOGY OF VESPID WASPS (HYMENOPTERA, VESPIDAE) IN NORTHERN MONGOLIA
Authors: B Buyanjargal , Dorzhiev Tsydypzhap Z , Abasheev Roman Yu
Published: January 2018

Flight phenology of forty-one vespid species were determined in northern Mongolia, using published data and our own samples. The studied species were divided into four phenological groups (summer species, late-summer species, summer-early autumn species and multi-seasonal species) depending on overlapping periods of the flight. Generally, flight phenology of vespid wasps in northern Mongolia is characterized as short lasting (50-150 days) between early May and late September, and mainly related with local environmental conditions and biology of particular species. Probability of occurrence of each species in particular time of the year was high (r-value ~1). The time of the year coincided for all studied species in a same period of time: from end of June to early August. Running title: Vespidae in northern Mongolia.
SOME RESULT OF QUALITY PARAMETERS OF “GARDI” TRANSDERMAL PATCH
Authors: Ch Erdenechimeg , B Uuganbayar , B Dejidmaa , Ch Chimedragchaa , G Munkhzul
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to conduct standardization study and determine quality parameters of “Gardi” transdermal patch. We used “Gardi” transdermal patch consists of extract of radix Aconitum Kusnezoffii, extract of Terminalia chebula, extract of Saussurea lappa L., extract of Acorus calamus L. and Musk of Musk deer. We used some biologically active compounds of the transdermal patch were revealed by TLC. And main biologically active compounds content of the transdermal patch were determined by spectrophotometric methods. The moisture, average weight and parameters of microbiology were determined by Mongolian National First Pharmacopoeia methods. The transdermal patch was light brown colour, unusual smell and rectangular shape. We determined aconitine, costunolide and gallic acid in “Gardi” transdermal patch by TLC. The retention time of aconitine was 63.04±0.2 minutes and amount was 0.169±0.009% by HPLC.The polyphenolic compounds by spectrophotometer method using Folin-Chiocalto reagent as 0.567±0.043%. Quality and safety parameters of “Gardi” transdermal patch determined as: moisture 27.28±0.65 %, average weight 3.969±0.196 g, thickness 0.83±0.2 mm, total bacteria 1х103, mould, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter were not detected in “Gardi” transdermal patch.
INFANT- AND YOUNG CHILD-FEEDING PRACTICES IN MONGOLIA
Authors: D Otgonjargal , J Batjargal , D Davaalkham , B Gereljargal
Published: January 2018

For almost all infants, breastfeeding remains the simplest, healthiest and least expensive feeding method that fulfils the infants’ needs. To assess the indicators of infant and young child feeding practices among 0- 23 months old children.This cross-sectional studies was conducted all 21 provinces of the 4 economic regions of the country and capital Ulaanbaatar city. A total of 350 children aged 0-23 months were selected from sampled households. In total, 350 children aged less than two years selected through revised 125-cluster sampling using of the indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices were revised during the International Consensus Meeting organized be WHO in 2007.The proportions of infants with early initiation of breastfeeding (85.5%) and exclusive breastfeeding at the age of 4-5 months (46.7%) were low and infants who received foods from four and more groups is insufficient in Western and Eastern regions. Consumption of vegetables and fruits was also insufficient. Dairy products (milk, yogurt, cheese and other dairy products) were included in the diet of 75.6% (95%CI 69.2-81.0) of 6-23 month-old children during the previous day (p<0.003). The main problems revealed from the study were inappropriate complementary feeding practices. Our findings have highlighted the need to encourage mothers to enrich their traditional wheat- based complementary foods add more animal source foods and vegetables.
ANALYSES ON LEGAL SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT AND POLICE STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
Authors: D Erdenebaatar
Published: January 2018

Like any country carries out both foreign and domestic policy management, similarly administration also carries out internal and external operations and manages them with legal norms. From this, the internal administrative operation of the police organization and its legal management is directed towards ensuring the implementation of the law and improving operation results of its personnel and organizations. As the legal act systemization is also directed towards result improvement, hence I propose that it is of importance and demand to study the interconnection between them and utilization of it in practice.The purpose of this study is to show the results and differences from implementing legal techniques in the legal sector and establishment of legislative institutions, viewing legal act systemization technique as the theoretic foundation for systematic creation of the legal norm acts of the police organization’s internal operation rather than the narrow view of it as only legislation.
EARLY INTERVENTION HOME VISIT PRACTICES WITH FAMILIES AND THEIR YOUNG CHILDREN WHO HAVE MULTIPLE DISABILITIES
Authors: Chen Deborah
Published: January 2018

This text focuses on evidence-based home visit practices with families and their young children who have multiple disabilities. These include children with two or more of the following diagnoses: developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism, physical disabilities, hearing loss and medical conditions (such as seizure disorders, hydrocephaly or microcephaly, gastrostomy tube or tracheostomy tube). I will describe field tested strategies for encouraging these children’s early interactions and communication.
DZIECKO W „LUDZKIM CENTRUM AKSJOLOGICZNYM”  RÓŻNE PERSPEKTYWY WYJAŚNIENIA KANONÓW WCZESNEGO WSPOMAGANIA ROZWOJU DZIECKA
Authors: Głodkowska Joanna
Published: January 2018

The article’s focus is to identify and theoretically present canons that are specific generalizations about the assessment and rehabilitation area constituted by early childhood development support. It refers to the following interdisciplinary theoretical concepts and empirical analyses: positive psychology, pedagogical personalism, optimal functioning theory, developmental task concept, and social support theory. In the light of the above concepts and analyses, the following canons become theoretically and empirically anchored: (1) a happy childhood canon, (2) a subjective treatment canon, (3) a safe environment canon, (4) a developmental success canon, and (5) an intervention professionalism canon. Their framing suggests that there exist already substantial resources in this area that make it possible to systematize this stage of human development  considered the most precious one  that is the period from birth to 6 years of age.
RODZICE Z DZIECKIEM NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNYM. DOŚWIADCZANIE POZYTYWNYCH ZMIAN
Authors: Parchomiuk Monika
Published: January 2018

Numerous explorations of how parents with children with disabilities function have to date largely adopted a negative perspective. The development of theories focusing on positive experiences of living with disability extended the analysis of parental functioning. Researchers are showing more interest in phenomena which suggest significant positive stress-related changes in the personal and social functioning of mothers and fathers of children with disabilities. Such changes are explained in various theories. This study examines selected topics, such as posttraumatic/stress-related growth, organismic valuing process, and transformation theory. The authors of these theories focus on changes in key belief systems, such as beliefs about self, other people, and the world. The basic assumptions of these theories are analyzed and related to parents with a child with disability. Referring to the results of the available qualitative research, the author shows positive changes connected with raising children with disabilities experienced by parents and suggests what their underlying factors may be.
La responsabilidad del autor en un contexto de crisis: Kirmen Uribe y el compromiso con la memoria
Authors: Nafría Fernández María Jesús
Published: January 2018

En uno de sus poemas, Kirmen Uribe escribe: «Y es que nadie es sólo para uno mismo» (2010: 201). Eso mismo sucede con los recuerdos: una vez que se comparten, ya pasan a pertenecer a los demás. En sus dos primeras novelas, Bilbao-New York-Bilbao y Lo que mueve el mundo, el autor recurre a su memoria y a los recuerdos de los otros para la construcción de la historia. Fusiona lo individual y lo colectivo con un fin determinado: que lo vivido no se pierda en el olvido y sirva para aprender en el presente. Su compromiso con la sociedad por un mundo mejor queda reflejado en sus palabras, los temas de sus obras, tanto en verso como en prosa. En esta ocasión, su lucha es con la memoria histórica, y así lo vamos a demostrar analizando los recursos que utiliza para ello, tales como la autoficción, la inclusión documental, la investigación de autor o la utilización de la lengua como símbolo.In one of his poems, Kirmen Uribe declares: «No one is meant only for themselves» (2010: 201). Same as with memories. In his first two novels: Bilbao-New York-Bilbao and Lo que mueve el mundo, the author appeals to his own memory and the memories of others in order to build the story. He blends the individual and the collective with a particular purpose. His commitment to society and to a better world is clearly reflected in his words and the themes of his works in both prose and poetry. In this case, Uribe’s struggle is with historical memory, and we will here analyze the resources he uses in that struggle including: autofiction, documentary inclusion, the author’s own investigations or use of language as a symbol.
Verónica Martínez Delgado: unha poeta do século XXI nas marxes do sistema
Authors: Cagiao Conde Lidia Gladys
Published: January 2018

Unha fonda biografía nos aproximará das orixes da poeta Verónica Martínez: a súa nenez, a paisaxe galega, as persoas e os motivos que a empurraron a escribir dende ben nova, a súa participación en concursos literarios, etc. Poñerase de relevo a importancia que a arte terá na súa vida e na súa obra, ben como o seu estilo, as súas influencias literarias máis destacábeis ou a marxinación que sofre da parte do sistema e que despois ela acrecenta de maneira voluntaria e rebelde. Nunha segunda parte analízanse as súas obras individuais, obras onde a poeta segue unha clara evolución, mudando a súa maneira de escribir e de expresarse. Así, de 2012en diante, a poeta tórnase máis directa e combativa na súa loita e denuncia e pasará a escribir as obras, que son integramente súas, en portugués padrón (estándar).A profound biography will approach us to Verónica Martínez’s origins: her childhood, the Galician landscape and people as well as the reasons which drove her to write since she was very young, her participation in literary competitions, etc. I will indicate the vital importance that art has had in her life, her work and in her style. I will also indicate her more important literary influences or the marginalization that she suffers by the system and then she increases voluntarily and rebel. In the second part I’ll analyze her individual works, where the poet follows a clear evolution, changing the way she writes and the way she expresses herself. From 2012 on, the poet becomes more combative in her fight and protest and she will write in standard Portuguese.
Reflexiones sobre el espacio migrante en la narrativa de Amara Lakhous
Authors: Pozo-Sánchez Begoña
Published: January 2018

La literatura migrante italiana actual transita ciertos espacios heterotópicos que, siguiendo la propuesta teórica de Michel Foucault, inciden especialmente en la creación y el análisis de esos no-lugares que, bien desde la utopía o desde la heterotopía, analizan la situación social a través de la literatura. «Italia» se convierte así en un territorio al que llegar, conocer, habitar pero, sobre todo, desde el que construir realidades otras. Esta perspectiva de la literatura actual no aparece solo en obras escritas «en» italiano y «desde» Italia –como, por ejemplo, Scontro di civiltà per un ascensore a Piazza Vittorio, publicada por Amara Lakhous en 2006; o como las propuesta poéticas transculturales de la Compagnia delle Poete– sino también «en» otras lenguas y «desde» otras miradas –quizá uno de los ejemplos relativamente recientes sea el texto Vergogna tra le due sponde del escritor egipcio Ezzat el Kamhawi, a medio camino entre la novela y el ensayo. Nuestro artículo se centra en el estudio de la construcción de la identidad migrante a través del análisis de la poética del espacio propuesta por Amara Lakhous, evidenciando cómo desde distintas realidades transculturales se aborda y (re)crea actualmente el concepto de «Italia» a partir del discurso literario, a modo incluso de polémico «contra-espacio».Current Italian migrant literature goes along certain heterotopic spaces which, following Michel Foucault’s theoretical proposal, influence especially on the creation and analysis of those no-places that, either from utopia or heterotopia, scrutinise the social situation through literature. Thus, «Italy» becomes a place to get, discover, dwell in but, especially, from which to construe other realities. This perspective of current literature does not only feature in works written «in» Italian and «from» Italy – as, for instance, Scontro di civiltà per un ascensore a Piazza Vittorio, published by Amara Lakhous in 2006; or as transcultural poetic proposal by the Compagnia delle Poete– but also «in» other languages and «from» other stances – one of the most recent texts is perhaps Vergogna tra le due sponde by the Egyptian writer Ezzat el Kamhawi, midway between novel and essay. This articles focuses on studying the construction of migrant identity by analysing the poetics of space proposed by Amara Lakhous, showing how the idea of «Italy» is currently dealt with and recreated in literary discourse from distinct transcultural realities, even in a polemical «counter-space» way.
Xenografías femeninas en la literatura catalana contemporánea: Laila Karrouch y Najat El Hachmi, integración e identidad
Authors: Muñoz Carrobles Diego
Published: January 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un acercamiento a la escritura de dos autoras catalanas de origen marroquí, Laila Karrouch y Najat El Hachmi. Sus obras, xenografías femeninas, contienen numerosos elementos de interés tanto para la literatura como para los estudios culturales, puesto que en ellas se reúnen conceptos importantes como la integración, el bilingüismo, el sexismo o la identidad, sin los cuales no podríamos comprender la sociedad europea contemporánea.The aim of this paper is to carry out an approach to two Catalan authors of Moroccan descent, Laila Karrouch and Najat El Hachmi. Their literary work, female xenographies, contain numerous elements of interest for both literary and cultural studies, since they deal with relevant elements such as integration, bilingualism, sexism or identity, without which we could not fully understand how present-day European society works.
Enfermería y control social: las actividades socio-sanitarias de la Sección Femenina de Falange en la ciudad de Valencia (1940-1977)
Authors: Maceiras Chans José Manuel , Galiana Sánchez María Eugenia , Bernabéu Mestre Josep
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Analizar las actividades de carácter socio-sanitario que llevaron a cabo en la ciudad de Valencia las enfermeras sociales visitadoras y las divulgadoras de la Sección Femenina de Falange.
Material y método: Se ha combinado el enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de los trabajos relacionados con la historia de la enfermería y la actividad de la Sección Femenina (S.F.) durante el primer franquismo. Como principal fuente documental se han utilizado los legajos depositados en el Archivo del Reino de Valencia (A.R.V), Sección Femenina Inventario (S.F.I.) (1940-1977), referidos a la actividad que llevó cabo dicha organización en la ciudad de Valencia, así como los informes remitidos por las enfermeras a sus Regidoras Locales y por estas a la Regidora Nacional.
Resultados: Las actividades desarrolladas tuvieron connotaciones de índole ideológica y  política, y estuvieron relacionadas con cuatro parcelas de actuación: el ámbito sanitario, el social, la educación para la salud y cuestiones de índole religiosa. Destaca la importancia que se atribuyó a la lucha contra la mortalidad infantil, dentro del contexto de las políticas pro-natalistas del primer franquismo. La falta de recursos y de incentivos profesionales, junto con la pérdida de influencia política de Sección Femenina, motivó que dichas actividades fueran decreciendo a lo largo del período objeto de estudio.
Conclusiones: Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la complejidad de las funciones que tenían asignadas las enfermeras sociales y las divulgadoras de Sección Femenina, al mismo tiempo que muestran la influencia que tenía el contexto sociopolítico e ideológico en el desarrollo de las mismas
Índice de Massa Corporal e fatores associados em mulheres climatéricas
Authors: Ronivon Fonseca José , Ferreira Freitas Ronilson , Duarte Míria Rita , Chaves Pereira Reis Vivianne Margareth , Araújo Veloso Popoff Daniela , Brant Rocha Josiane Santos
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Identificar la asociación del índice de masa corporal con factores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida, los hábitos alimentarios, mediciones antropométricas y factores clínicos de mujeres climatéricas asistidos en las Estrategias de Salud de Montes Claros.
Metodología: Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico transversal, analítico, con una muestra de 874 mujeres perimenopáusicas seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple. Los datos sociodemográficos, estilo de vida, los hábitos alimentarios y los factores clínicos, obstetricia y ginecología se recogieron a través de cuestionarios estandarizados, además de realizar la evaluación antropométrica. El análisis bivariante se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una alta prevalencia de la obesidad (36,0%) y el sobrepeso (38,1%), así como las asociaciones de índice de masa corporal con el tipo de escuela que asistió (p = 0,009), el tabaquismo (p = 0,023 ), el tratamiento para la pérdida de peso (p = 0,000), las mediciones antropométricas (p = 0,000) y los factores clínicos (p = 0,000).
Conclusión: Se concluye que las intervenciones educativas para corregir o mejorar el perfil antropométrico pueden resultar en beneficios para la salud de las mujeres climatéricas, ya que la presencia de la obesidad y el sobrepeso fue alta, y los hábitos de estilo de vida, antropométricas y factores clínicos asociados presentes para que la morbilidad.
Lesões de pele em neonatos em cuidados intensivos neonatais
Authors: Faria Talita Faraj , Kamada Ivone
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Describir la ocurrencia de lesiones de la piel en recién nacidos internados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal de un hospital público de Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil.
Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y de abordaje prospectivo, realizado con 104 neonatos desde septiembre hasta diciembre de 2014. El análisis estadístico descriptivo incluyó frecuencia absoluta y relativa, mediana y desvío estándar.
Resultados: 42 neonatos desarrollaron lesiones de la piel, resultando 77 lesiones, siendo las más incidentes las dermatitis del pañal (15,4%), edema (15,4%), eritema (13,5%) e infiltración (12,5%), seguidas de equimosis (4,8%) y descamación (3,8%).
Conclusión: Es necesaria la creación de protocolos y/o la utilización de instrumentos que miren al mantenimiento de la integridad de la piel del recién nacido, que puedan ser herramientas útiles para identificar cualquier alteración en el sistema tegumentario del neonato y, de este modo, prevenir o disminuir su incidencia y sus consecuencias.
Expectativas de parto de las gestantes de La Ribera: una aproximación cualitativa
Authors: Camacho Morell Francisca , Romero Martín Mª José
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: El cambio de modelo asistencial en la atención al parto normal, el interés por parte de las autoridades sanitarias en que se exploren las expectativas de parto de las gestantes, y su especificidad cultural y social, hacen que el estudio de tales expectativas sea pertinente en este momento. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer cuáles son las expectativas de parto de una muestra de gestantes españolas y estudiar las diferencias entre las expectativas de las gestantes primíparas y multíparas.
Metodología: Estudio cualitativo basado en una pregunta de respuesta libre sobre expectativas de parto. Se recogieron datos a gestantes de tercer trimestre del área de salud de La Ribera (Alzira, Valencia) durante 2014-2015. Se analizaron los datos mediante análisis del contenido.
Resultados: Muestra de 213 gestantes cuyas principales expectativas de parto fueron tener un parto rápido, con buen resultado obstétrico, sin dolor y con apoyo de los profesionales. Las expectativas relacionadas con los protocolos de atención al parto normal supusieron un 5.2% del total de las respuestas. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre gestantes primíparas y multíparas.
Conclusiones: El conocimiento de las expectativas resulta importante, ya que las gestantes miden su satisfacción con el parto en base al cumplimiento de tales expectativas. Ayudarlas a desarrollar expectativas realistas aumentará su satisfacción. Las matronas tienen un importante papel a través de la formación que imparten (educación maternal) y del apoyo en el momento del parto (fundamental para que las gestantes se sientan protagonistas del mismo).
Imaginación y creatividad matemática en las ciencias sociales
Authors: Ramiro Roca Enric , Gil Noé José Vicente
Published: January 2018

University has been criticized because of it hasn’t been always linked enough to the society. Also, social sciences have been disapproved because they have been perceived as a boring area, unuseful and memory-based. And third, there has been a traditional separation between Science and Arts into a more and more globalized world, with border issues and teamwork.Because of that reason, from didactics of social sciences area into the education department of the University Jaume I of Castelló (UJI), a group of professors have started a set of activities and resources in order to bring near Teaching studies and the real classroom. And we have done it from contents of geography, history and art in order to favor a more active and innovative methodology in the environment knowledge and Valencian culture areas.Resources have been adapted in different ways as a deck of cards, board games and posters. In all of them, we associate mathematical techniques through mathemagic with the contents of geographical features, historical figures, festivities and traditions, or biographies among others, and using different text typologies.The evaluations show the good climate in the classroom, the autonomy achieved by the students and the utility of the teachings and the competences accomplished. However, students and professors agree with the intensity of the work done, the convenience of lightening the activities and the need of a better coordination between professors of different subjects in the same degree.
La inserción de las personas con discapacidad en el empleo público. Análisis jurídicoeconómico de la situación en la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Burzaco Samper María , Colino Fernández Alberto
Published: January 2018

Las personas con discapacidad sufren dificultades de acceso al mercado de trabajo que exigen políticas públicas de protección y mecanismos específicos que favorezcan la inserción laboral. Este trabajo se centra en los instrumentos de acceso al empleo en el sector público, sus principios, características (distintas de las del sector privado), así como los problemas que plantea para las personas con discapacidad.
En España, la normativa -básica estatal y desarrollo normativo autonómico- es poco ambiciosa y prácticamente limita las medidas positivas al cupo de reserva, consistente en que un porcentaje de las plazas convocadas se reservan a personas con discapacidad. Los conflictos judiciales muestran que esta medida de acción positiva debe conciliarse con los principios de mérito y capacidad que presiden el acceso al empleo público. Los datos demuestran que la rigidez del sistema está suponiendo que el cupo no se cumpla en la práctica.
Por lo demás, este estudio toma como referencia de su análisis el III Plan de Acción de la Comunidad de Madrid: la experiencia de esta Administración en planes plurianuales y de carácter multisectorial permite examinar si las políticas públicas contenidas en estos planes son efectivos y qué aspectos deberían mejorarse para lograr resultados óptimos.
Thirty years after the hydrogeological scheme of Central Italy
Authors: Argentieri Alessio , Sezione di Storia delle Geoscienze Società Geologica Italiana , Capelli Giuseppe , Mazza Roberto , Petitta Marco
Published: January 2018

Not available.
Differential requirements of androgen receptor in luminal progenitors during prostate regeneration and tumor initiation
Authors: Chua Chee Wai , Epsi Nusrat J , Leung Eva Y , Xuan Shouhong , Lei Ming , Li Bo I , Bergren Sarah K , Hibshoosh Hanina , Mitrofanova Antonina , Shen Michael M
Published: January 2018

Master regulatory genes of tissue specification play key roles in stem/progenitor cells and are often important in cancer. In the prostate, androgen receptor (AR) is a master regulator essential for development and tumorigenesis, but its specific functions in prostate stem/progenitor cells have not been elucidated. We have investigated AR function in CARNs (CAstration-Resistant Nkx3.1-expressing cells), a luminal stem/progenitor cell that functions in prostate regeneration. Using genetically--engineered mouse models and novel prostate epithelial cell lines, we find that progenitor properties of CARNs are largely unaffected by AR deletion, apart from decreased proliferation in vivo. Furthermore, AR loss suppresses tumor formation after deletion of the Pten tumor suppressor in CARNs; however, combined Pten deletion and activation of oncogenic Kras in AR-deleted CARNs result in tumors with focal neuroendocrine differentiation. Our findings show that AR modulates specific progenitor properties of CARNs, including their ability to serve as a cell of origin for prostate cancer.
MOOCs and their Influence on Higher Education Institutions: Perspectives from the Insiders
Authors: León-Urrutia Manuel , Cobos Ruth , Dickens Kate
Published: January 2018

Since Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) became a global phenomenon in 2012, there has been constant evolution in the way Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) make sense of them. HEIs embracing MOOCs have dedicated a variety of human resource to this venture. Only in a minority of cases, staff have been appointed exclusively to this role. In all other cases, MOOC related tasks have been allocated to professionals who were already performing other educational tasks. This article contains a study that captures the experiences of these professionals in a Spanish university and a British university, as relates to their involvement in MOOCs. Interviews and group sessions were conducted to ascertain the influence of MOOCs in their practice, and in their opinions about the role of MOOCs in their institutions. The results seem to suggest that participants have positive attitudes towards incorporating MOOCs at the university, although they demand a serious bet for this educational approach from the strategic decision makers in the institutions.
Extended Aperture Miniature Antenna Based on CRLH Metamaterials for Wireless Communication Systems Operating Over UHF to C‐Band
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Ali Abdul , Limiti Ernesto
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a simple technique to extend the aperture of planar composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) metamaterial antennas with minimal impact on the antenna's dimensions. Unlike most CRLH antenna structures the proposed antenna is via‐free. The proposed antenna is shown to operate over a wideband from UHF to C‐band with good radiation characteristics. The antenna configuration consists of a vertically stacked CRLH unit cells comprising a patch and meandered lines, where the patch is engraved with an S‐shaped slot. The design uses minimal ground plane area. The meander line inductance is grounded using coplanar waveguide (CPW) ground which eliminates conventional CRLH transmission line metallic via into ground plane. The antenna is feed through a coplanar waveguide (CPW) match stub that is electromagnetically coupled to the unit cells. Antenna dimensions are 17.5 × 32.15 × 1.6 mm3, which corresponds to 0.204 λ0 × 0.375 λ0 × 0.018 λ0 where free‐space wavelength (λ0) is 3.5 GHz. Parametric study enabled the optimization of the antenna performance in terms of impedance bandwidth, radiation gain, and radiation efficiency. Measured results confirm that the antenna can operate from 850 MHz to 7.90 GHz, which is equivalent to a fractional bandwidth of 161.14%. The antenna has a maximum gain and radiation efficiency of 5.12 dBi and ~80%, respectively, at 3.5 GHz.
Insights Into the Crustal‐Scale Dynamics of a Doubly Vergent Orogen From a Quantitative Analysis of Its Forelands: A Case Study of the Eastern Pyrenees
Authors: Grool Arjan R. , Ford Mary , Vergés Jaume , Huismans Ritske S. , Christophoul Frédéric , Dielforder Armin
Published: January 2018

In natural doubly vergent orogens, the relationship between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges is, as yet, poorly constrained. We present a detailed tectonostratigraphic study of the retro‐wedge of the Eastern Pyrenees (Europe) and link its evolution to that of the pro‐wedge (Iberia) in order to derive insight into the crustal‐scale dynamics of doubly vergent orogens. Based on cross‐section restoration and subsidence analyses, we divide the East Pyrenean evolution into four phases. The first phase (Late Cretaceous) is characterized by closure of an exhumed mantle domain between the Iberian and European plates and inversion of a salt‐rich, thermally unequilibrated rift system. Overall shortening (~1 mm/yr) was distributed roughly equally between both margins over some 20 Myr. A quiescent phase (Paleocene) was apparently restricted to the retro‐wedge with slow, continuous deformation in the pro‐wedge (~0.4 mm/yr). This phase occurred between closure of the exhumed mantle domain and onset of main collision. The main collision phase (Eocene) records the highest shortening rate (~3.1 mm/yr), which was predominantly accommodated in the pro‐wedge. During the final phase (Oligocene), the retro‐wedge was apparently inactive, and shortening of the pro‐wedge slowed (~2.2 mm/yr). Minimum total shortening of the Eastern Pyrenees is ~111 km, excluding closure of the exhumed mantle domain. The retro‐wedge accommodated ~20 km of shortening. The shortening distribution between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges evolved from roughly equal during rift inversion to pro‐dominant during main collision. This change in shortening distribution may be intrinsic to all inverted rift systems.
Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Systems with Solid–Liquid Phase Change Materials: A Review
Authors: Zhang Nan , Yuan Yanping , Cao Xiaoling , Du Yanxia , Zhang Zhaoli , Gui Yewei
Published: January 2018

This paper provides a review of the solid–liquid phase change materials (PCMs) for latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). The commonly used solid–liquid PCMs and their thermal properties are summarized here firstly. Two major drawbacks that seriously limit the application of PCMs in an LHTES system, that is, low thermal conductivity and liquid leakage, are discussed. Various methods for enhancing the thermal conductivity and heat transfer of solid–liquid PCMs are explained. Previous studies regarding form‐stable composite PCMs and microencapsulated PCMs are also presented. Furthermore, applications of the solid–liquid PCMs used in LHTES and thermal management systems are introduced and analyzed. Finally, future outlooks and research topics are proposed.
Polydimethylsiloxane Composites for Optical Ultrasound Generation and Multimodality Imaging
Authors: Noimark Sacha , Colchester Richard J. , Poduval Radhika K. , Maneas Efthymios , Alles Erwin J. , Zhao Tianrui , Zhang Edward Z. , Ashworth Michael , Tsolaki Elena , Chester Adrian H. , Latif Najma , Bertazzo Sergio , David Anna L. , Ourselin Sebastien , Beard Paul C. , Parkin Ivan P. , Papakonstantinou Ioannis , Desjardins Adrien E.
Published: January 2018

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used in biomedical science and can form composites that have broad applicability. One promising application where PDMS composites offer several advantages is optical ultrasound generation via the photoacoustic effect. Here, methods to create these PDMS composites are reviewed and classified. It is highlighted how the composites can be applied to a range of substrates, from micrometer‐scale, temperature‐sensitive optical fibers to centimeter‐scale curved and planar surfaces. The resulting composites have enabled all‐optical ultrasound imaging of biological tissues both ex vivo and in vivo, with high spatial resolution and with clinically relevant contrast. In addition, the first 3D all‐optical pulse‐echo ultrasound imaging of ex vivo human tissue, using a PDMS‐multiwalled carbon nanotube composite and a fiber‐optic ultrasound receiver, is presented. Gold nanoparticle‐PDMS and crystal violet‐PDMS composites with prominent absorption at one wavelength range for pulse‐echo ultrasound imaging and transmission at a second wavelength range for photoacoustic imaging are also presented. Using these devices, images of diseased human vascular tissue with both structural and molecular contrast are obtained. With a broader perspective, literature on recent advances in PDMS microfabrication from different fields is highlighted, and methods for incorporating them into new generations of optical ultrasound generators are suggested.
Facile Assembly of High‐Quality Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Dot Thin Films for Bright Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jin Xiangcheng , Zhang Xiujuan , Fang Huan , Deng Wei , Xu Xiuzhen , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiaohong
Published: January 2018

Organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbX3, X = Cl, Br or I) quantum dots (QDs) have shown superior optoelectronic properties and have been regarded as a most ideal material for next‐generation optoelectronic devices, particularly for QDs‐based light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs). However, there are only a few reports on CH3NH3PbX3 QLEDs and the reported performance is still very poor, primarily due to the difficulties in the fabrication of high‐quality compact QDs thin films. In this work, an electric‐field‐assisted strategy is developed for efficient fabrication of uniform CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs thin films with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY, 80%–90%) from dilute CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs suspensions (≈0.1 mg mL‐1) within 5 mins. Benefited from the high‐quality CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs thin films, the corresponding QLEDs deliver a highly bright green emission with maximum luminances of 12450 cd m2. Furthermore, a current efficiency of 12.7 cd A‐1, a power efficiency of 9.7 lm W‐1, and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.2% were acheived by enhancing the hole injection. This performance represents the best results for CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs‐based QLEDs reported to date. These results indicate an important progress in the fabrication of high‐performance CH3NH3PbX3 QLEDs and demonstrate their huge potential for next‐generation displays and lighting.
Self‐Propelled Rolled‐Up Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Microrockets
Authors: Hu Narisu , Sun Mengmeng , Lin Xiankun , Gao Changyong , Zhang Bin , Zheng Ce , Xie Hui , He Qiang
Published: January 2018

Engineering self‐propelled micro‐/nanomachines with ultrafast speeds and high towing forces is crucial for the efficient transportation of important objects in key biomedical and environmental applications. In this study, rolled‐up nanomembrane technology is used for the first time for the controlled fabrication of layer‐by‐layer (LbL)‐assembled microtubes and the corresponding chemical‐powered microrockets. By integrating LbL assembly, microcontact printing, and a rolled‐up nanomembrane technique, polyelectrolyte multilayer microplates of different shapes are transformed into well‐defined microtubes. Coupled with platinum nanoparticles, the as‐prepared microtubes can act as bubble‐propelled microrockets with a very rapid speed and a large towing force. As a proof of concept, the rolled LbL microrockets confirm the feasibility of transporting single or multiple cells at high speed. Integrating the rolled‐up nanomembrane technology and LbL assembly results in a simple, versatile, and low‐cost approach and expands the scope of both polymer multilayer‐based multifunctional tubes and artificial machines at the micro‐/nanoscale.
Efficient Nondoped Blue Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) with a High External Quantum Efficiency of 9.4% @ 1000 cd m−2 Based on Phenanthroimidazole−Anthracene Derivative
Authors: Tang Xiangyang , Bai Qing , Shan Tong , Li Jinyu , Gao Yu , Liu Futong , Liu Hui , Peng Qiming , Yang Bing , Li Feng , Lu Ping
Published: January 2018

Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) can promise flexible, light weight, energy conservation, and many other advantages for next‐generation display and lighting applications. However, achieving efficient blue electroluminescence still remains a challenge. Though both phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials can realize high‐efficiency via effective triplet utilization, they need to be doped into appropriate host materials and often suffer from certain degree of efficiency roll‐off. Therefore, developing efficient blue‐emitting materials suitable for nondoped device with little efficiency roll‐off is of great significance in terms of practical applications. Herein, a phenanthroimidazole−anthracene blue‐emitting material is reported that can attain high efficiency at high luminescence in nondoped OLEDs. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of nondoped device is 9.44% which is acquired at the luminescence of 1000 cd m−2. The EQE is still as high as 8.09% even the luminescence reaches 10 000 cd m−2. The maximum luminescence is ≈57 000 cd m−2. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum shows an emission peak of 470 nm and the Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates is (0.14, 0.19) at the voltage of 7 V. To the best of the knowledge, this is among the best results of nondoped blue EL devices.
Fuel‐Free Nanocap‐Like Motors Actuated Under Visible Light
Authors: Wang Xu , Sridhar Varun , Guo Surong , Talebi Nahid , Miguel‐López Albert , Hahn Kersten , van Aken Peter A. , Sánchez Samuel
Published: January 2018

The motion of nanomotors triggered by light sources will provide new alternative routes to power nanoarchitectures without the need of chemical fuels. However, most light‐driven nanomotors are triggered by UV‐light, near infrared reflection, or laser sources. It is demonstrated that nanocap shaped Au/TiO2 nanomotors (175 nm in diameter) display increased Brownian motion in the presence of broad spectrum visible light. The motion results from the surface plasmon resonance effect leading to self‐electrophoresis between the Au and TiO2 layers, a mechanism called plasmonic photocatalytic effect in the field of photocatalysis. This mechanism is experimentally characterized by electron energy loss spectroscopy, energy‐filtered transmission electron microscopy, and optical video tracking. This mechanism is also studied in a more theoretical manner using numerical finite‐difference time‐domain simulations. The ability to power nanomaterials with visible light may result in entirely new applications for externally powered micro/nanomotors.
High Energy Storage Performance of Opposite Double‐Heterojunction Ferroelectricity–Insulators
Authors: Zhang Tiandong , Li Weili , Zhao Yu , Yu Yang , Fei Weidong
Published: January 2018

In this study, the excellent energy storage performance is achieved by constructing opposite double‐heterojunction ferroelectricity–insulator–ferroelectricity configuration. The PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films and Al2O3 films are chosen as the ferroelectricity and insulator, respectively. The microstructures, polarization behaviors, breakdown strength, leakage current density, and energy storage performance are investigated systematically of the constructed PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3/Al2O3/PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 opposite double‐heterojunction. The ultrahigh electric field breakdown strength (≈5711 kV cm−1) is obtained, which is beneficial to achieve high energy storage density. Meanwhile, the high linearity of hysteresis loops with low energy dissipation is obtained at a proper annealing temperature, which is induced by partially crystallized and is in favor of achieving high energy storage efficiency η. The PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3/Al2O3/PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 annealed at 550 °C exhibits excellent energy storage performance with a storage density of 63.7 J cm−3 and efficiency of 81.3%, which is ascribed to the synergetic effect of electric breakdown strength (EBDS = 5711 kV cm−1) and the polarization (Pm–Pr = 23.74 µC cm−2). The proposed method in this study opens a new door to improve the energy storage performance of inorganic ferroelectric capacitors.
N‐Doping and Defective Nanographitic Domain Coupled Hard Carbon Nanoshells for High Performance Lithium/Sodium Storage
Authors: Huang Shifei , Li Zhiping , Wang Bo , Zhang Jiujun , Peng Zhangquan , Qi Ruijuan , Wang Jing , Zhao Yufeng
Published: January 2018

Hard carbons (HCs) possess high lithium/sodium storage capacities, which however suffer from low electric conductivity and poor ion diffusion kinetics. An efficient structure design with appropriate heteroatoms doping and optimized graphitic/defective degree is highly desired to tackle these problems. This work reports a new design of N‐doped HC nanoshells (N‐GCNs) with homogeneous defective nanographite domains, fabricated through the prechelation between Ni2+ and chitosan and subsequent catalyst confined graphitization. The as‐prepared N‐GCNs deliver a high reversible lithium storage capacity of 1253 mA h g−1, with outstanding rate performance (175 mA h g−1 at a high rate of 20 A g−1) and good cycling stability, which outperforms most state‐of‐the‐art HCs. Meanwhile, a high reversible sodium storage capacity of 325 mA h g−1 is also obtained, which stabilizes at 174 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles. Density functional theory calculations are performed to uncover the coupling effect between heteroatom‐doping and the defective nanographitic domains down to the atomic scale. The in situ Raman analysis reveals the “adsorption mechanism” for sodium storage and the “adsorption–intercalation mechanism” for lithium storage of N‐GCNs.