bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilidade de acompanhar o atendimento emergencial na perspectiva da família: estudo descritivo
Authors: Soares Jamyle Rubio , Martin Andrea Regina , Lopes Ana Patrícia Torquato , Marcon Sonia Silva , Barreto Mayckel da Silva
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: compreender a percepção da família sobre a possibilidade de acompanhar o atendimento emergencial de seu ente querido. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 16 familiares de pessoas que foram atendidas na sala de emergência dos pronto-atendimentos de três municípios do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em maio e junho de 2015, por meio de entrevistas áudio-gravadas, posteriormente transcritas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os familiares gostariam de ter acompanhado o atendimento emergencial. Acreditavam que assim apoiariam o paciente e compreenderiam mais facilmente seu quadro clínico. Ainda, segundo os relatos, o fato de não terem acompanhado o atendimento emergencial exacerbou seu sofrimento, identificado pela vivência de sentimentos como tristeza, desespero, impotência e sensação de ter abandonado o familiar. Conclusão: profissionais de saúde das unidades emergenciais necessitam, na medida de suas possibilidades, permitir às famílias permanecerem próximas de seus entes queridos durante o atendimento.Descritores: Família; Serviços Médicos de Emergência; Percepção; Enfermagem
Nenhuma liberdade é plena se não for obtida pelas próprias mãos
Authors: Machado Dalmo , Teixeira Elizabeth , Lemos Adriana
Published: October 2017

Tramita no Congresso Nacional Brasileiro o Projeto de Lei 4930/2016 que altera a Lei nº 7.498, de 25 de junho de 1986, que regulamenta o exercício da enfermagem, para nela incluir a obrigatoriedade da realização de exame de suficiência para obtenção de registro profissional. A Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, a Executiva Nacional dos Estudantes e a Federação Nacional dos Enfermeiros - entidades representativas da Enfermagem Brasileira, tornaram público posicionamento contrário ao referido exame. é necessário reforçar o rigor regulatório sobre a formação em enfermagem no Brasil, que atenda as especificidades da área, ampliando os mecanismos de avaliação de cursos, instituições de educação superior e ampliando o movimento pela qualidade da educação em enfermagem.
DIREITO, MOBILIZAÇÃO SOCIAL E MUDANÇA INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: LOSEKANN Cristiana , BISSOLI Luiza Duarte
Published: October 2017

O artigo analisa interações entre os movimentos sociais e as instituições jurídicas com o objetivo de observar efeitos gerados pelo uso do litígio como estratégia de ação coletiva em conflitos ambientais. A partir de dados empíricos e tendo em vista o debate teórico da Legal Mobilization Theory, apresentamos uma caracterização de tipos de efeitos: efeitos que alteram ou incrementam os próprios processos de mobilização social e efeitos sobre as instituições. Argumentamos que a adoção de estratégias judiciais produz implicações importantes sobre processos de mobilização social e de mudança institucional. As análises foram elaboradas a partir dos achados de duas pesquisas que investigaram o uso da Ação Civil Pública em conflitos ambientais. Uma levantou dados de conflitos ambientais em geral no Estado de Espírito Santo e na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e outra levantou dados da Campanha por um Brasil Livre de Transgênicos.
FATORES SOCIAIS DETERMINANTES DA REINCIDÊNCIA CRIMINAL NO BRASIL: O CASO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: SAPORI Luis Flávio , SANTOS Roberta Fernandes , MAAS Lucas Wan Der
Published: October 2017

Esse artigo resulta de pesquisa realizada no estado de Minas Gerais no biênio 2014-2015. Seu objetivo foi calcular a taxa de reincidência criminal do sistema prisional do estado. Além disso, procurou-se analisar se o perfil dos presos reincidentes é diferente dos não reincidentes, e ainda, demonstrar possíveis fatores individuais explicativos da reincidência, como atributos sociodemográficos e histórico criminal. A partir de dados referentes aos presos egressos das penitenciárias do estado em 2008, identificamos a probabilidade de reincidência em até cinco anos após a soltura. Os resultados demonstraram que a taxa de reincidência criminal é inferior aos patamares geralmente divulgados pelos meios de comunicação, como também demonstraram que a chance de reincidir foi maior entre indivíduos do sexo masculino, mais jovens, com trajetória criminal mais extensa, que iniciaram essa carreira mais cedo e que praticaram crimes contra o patrimônio, em especial os furtos.
ETHNOS AS A CULTURAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL PHENOMENON
Authors: Getman V.
Published: October 2017

Biosphere and ethnic unity is the main factor of life existence on the Earth. Life process of any nation should harmonize with general evolutionary biosphere development. Otherwise it will be thrown away over the board by centrifugal force.
Ethnic interaction with natural environment is noticed mainly on the village level and encloses not only industrial but spiritual sphere.
The mentality of the Ukrainian ethnos has been forming on the base of countryside affection. Loss of this affection is an equivalent to the loss of identity of native population that has lived on the territory of modern Ukraine from the immemorial times.
The diversity and resilience of natural ecosystems (picturesque nature) determine their performance and viability of the social system entities providing efficiency of labor and intellectual potential of people. Ultimately, all this provokes an energy charge, passionarity (by L.N. Gumilev), strength of national character.
On the cultural position, we note that since Tripoli culture (Aratta), Russ (Kyiv) state, Hetmanshyny, Ukrainian land receives and stores still positive information (materials of archaeological excavations chronicle evidence, etc.) of people who vitally concerned about the social organization of the state, care for its unity, greatness and power among the people and countries of the Ecumene during that times. Since then our land has been infected with passion to create a state, the idea of fighting for independence and Ukrainian unity.
The strength of feeling of homeland, highly emotional relationship to your native land, your native home, all that is known and is area of interest of the local geography. It has an important place in system of human values. If the fate of the Earth is the lot of human than environment starts flourishing, otherwise there will be loss of control over the natural environment and the disappearance of nation (ethnicity), as evidenced by numerous examples from the long history of entire nations and even civilizations.
The strength of the Earth in its spiritual energy. Black arable of an autumn field, as a prototype of our bitter past, gives nutritious juice to spring’s green shoots. Spirit of the land is in black bread, which we consume, in breast milk, in the character of a young child, in the wisdom and will of the new generation of Ukraine!
Effect of intranasal ghrelin administration on the compulsive behavior patterns and the level of anxiety after the vital stress exposure to rats
Authors: Yakushina Natalia D. , Tissen Ilia Yu. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Pshenichnaya Anna G. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Tsikunov Sergey G. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2017

Aim. The effect of the intranasal ghrelin on the compulsive behavior and the anxiety in rats after exposure to vital stress was assessed in Wistar rats using a number of behavioral tests: marble test, elevated plus maze, open field and “resident intruder” test.

Methods. In the buring marble test, the behavioral components of the obsession (obsessive and obtrusive thoughts) and compulsions (obtrusive behavior), aimed to reduce anxiety, were modeled. Mental trauma was caused by a stressful effect, the essence of which was the experience of the animals of the circumstances of the death of a partner from the actions of a predator. A group of rats were placed once in the terrarium to a tiger python.

Results. After the action of vital mental stress in rats, two connected behavioral phenomena were observed: a high level of anxiety and an increase in the number of buried balls. This was accompanied by a decrease in communicability. Intranasal administration of ghrelin (10 µg in 20 µl for 7 days) after presentation of the vital stress reduced the level of anxiety, and also normalized the commpulsive behavior (the number of buried balls).

Conclusion. Thus, brain ghrelin is an important component of psychotraumatic mechanism. Ghrelin can potentially be considered as correctors of obsessive-compulsive disorders on the background of PTSD. Use of intranasal administration of ghrelin the clinic will allow the use of small doses of substances and thereby reduce their possible toxic effects.
Effect of astressin, a corticoliberin antagonist, on aggression and anxiety-fobic states in male rats reared in social isolation
Authors: Lebedev Andrei A. , Pshenichnaya Anna G. , Yakushina Natalia D. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2017

Aim. Intraspecific behavior, emotional and explorative activity were investigated after intranasal administration of astressin, a non-selective antagonist of CRF receptors, in the male rats reared in social isolation from 21 to 93 days.

Results. In the “resident-intruder” test there was an increased level of aggression and communications in isolated rats compared to grouped animals. After intranasal administration of astressin (20 μg in 20 μl), rats grown in isolation demonstrated an increase in aggression and decreased in communicability compared to intact animals reared in isolation. In the “open field” test a level of motor activity was increased in rats grown in isolation compared to grouped animals. The anxiety-phobic state, as well as behavior in an elevated plus maze, revealed enhance of anxiety and fear in rats reared in isolation. After astressin administration to isolated animals the levels of anxiety and fear significantly decreased.

Conclusion. The results of the work revealed that the antagonist of the CRF receptor astressin disinhibited aggression, removing anxious and phobic state in male rats reared in social isolation. The results prove the necessity of taking into account CRF mechanisms in the formation of the social isolation syndrome and the possibility of using CRF receptor antagonists to control the central mechanisms of stress and dependence in ontogenesis.
Effect of novelty stress on behavioral responses of Danio rerio and assessment of dose-dependent effects of anxiolytics of benzodiazepine structure with phenazepam as an example
Authors: Shabanov Petr D. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Bychkov Eugenii R.
Published: October 2017

The effect of benzodiazepine anxiolytic phenazepam in Danio rerio was investigated. Previously, Danio rerio showed the effects of other anxiolytics, dia_zepam and chlordiazepoxide. The analysis of the anxiolytic effect of phenazepam in Danio rerio was carried out for the first time.

Methods. A stress test on novelty situation was used: a fish was placed first in a beaker with a dissolved pharmacological substance (or water) and then into a novel tank for 6 min, where the trajectory, the path length, the number of movements to the upper part of the novel tank, the number and time of the pattern of “freezing” for each min of the experiment were measured.

Results. In response to the novelty of tank, the fish was shown to react by submerging to the bottom, increasing the freezing, and reducing the number of movements to the upper half of the novel tank. After phenazepam exposure (administration), the fish was not only in the lower, but also in the upper part of the novel tank. The average path length did not change significantly in the range of the doses used. The number and time of the freezing, as well as the time spent in the lower part of the novel tank, 2-fold decreased compared to the control group of animals and showed a dose-dependent effect. The number of movements to the upper part of the novel tank for the experiment increased significantly from 1 in the control to 57 after phenazepam in a dose of 1 mg/l. When analyzing the dynamics of the parameters for each min, it was shown that the time of the fish in the lower part of the novel tank decreased from 3th min of the experiment with the use of phenazepam in a dose of 0.5 mg/l. At the same time, the number of movements of fish to the upper part of the novel tank significantly increased more than 2 times from 3th min of the experiment with the use of phenazepam in a dose of 1 mg/l.

Conclusion. The described method to study behavioral responses of Danio rerio on novelty stress is high sensitive in comparison with traditional behavioral methods of studing tranquilizers. The prospect of using Danio rerio as animal model in behavioral pharmacology is significant and does not concede research on rodents.
Generalized Composition Operators on Weighted Hilbert Spaces of Analytic Functions
Authors: Al-Rawashdeh Waleed
Published: October 2017

Letφbe an analytic self-map of the open unit disk D andgbe an analytic function on D. The generalized composition operator induced by the mapsgandφis defined by the integral operatorI(g,φ)f(z) =∫0zf′(φ(ς))g(ς)dς. Given an admissible weightω, the weighted Hilbert spaceHωconsists of all analytic functionsfsuch that ∥f∥2Hω= |f(0)|2+∫D|f′(z)|2ω(z)dA(z) is finite. In this paper, we characterize the boundedness and compactness of the generalized composition operators on the spaceHωusing theω-Carleson measures. Moreover, we give a lower bound for the essential norm of these operators.
Letter from the Editor in Chief of “International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine”: A New Beginning
Authors: Boukhatem Mohamed Nadjib
Published: October 2017

On behalf of the editorial board and with this first issue, we are very pleased to announce the launch of the International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine (IJPPE) under the support of Scipress Publishing Group (Switzerland).Research, to be important to the society, should be able to influence the practice of phytomedicine, satisfactorily and favorably. It is in this circumstance that the International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine (is being launched. And I, Editor in Chief, feel proud to be writing the inaugural editorial. (http://www.scipress.com/Journal/Details?journalId=24)
Liver Involvement in Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Types of Injuries and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Mihăilă Romeo Gabriel
Published: October 2017

The hepatocytolysis raises questions on following therapeutic conduct when it occurs during chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma, expression of its liver toxicity. But the onset of primary liver Hodgkin's lymphoma, including the form manifested by acute liver failure, poses even greater problems, as in the case of occurrence of vanishing bile duct syndrome - expression of a paraneoplastic syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, peliosis hepatis or association of lymphoma with infection with hepatitis viruses or human immunodeficiency virus or different autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the clinical experience acquired on the relationship between Hodgkin's lymphoma and liver, from the point of view of clinical manifestations, used treatments and clinical evolution. Suggestions on the course of treatment in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma and liver damage have been formulated starting from the metabolism and elimination of chemotherapy drugs and taking into account the clinical experience of published clinical trials and cases. This review is a synthesis of knowledge obtained in this field, during the time, of therapeutic possibilities and limits, and formulates potential future milestones for research.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity, Topical and Oral Formulation of Extract of Woodfordia fructicosa and Gardenia gummifera
Authors: Nagar Hemant K. , Ranawat Mahendra S.
Published: October 2017

Woodfordia fructicosa and Gardenia gummifera are traditionally claimed to be useful in treatment of number of diseases. The main aim of this study was to evaluate preliminary phytochemical tests and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Woodfordia fructicosa flowers and Gardenia gummifera leaves and finally extracts were formulated in Gels and Suspensions. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method. The different concentration (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/ml) of standard and test samples were prepared. The anti-oxidant activity is exhibited in percentage inhibition. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of both the extracts increases with increasing concentration. The prepared gels were evaluated physical appearance, homogeneity, Grittiness, Spreadability and Viscosity. The prepared suspensions were evaluated organoleptic properties, pH and Sedimentation Volume.
Evolution, Current Status and Prospects of Phyto-Repellents against Mosquitoes
Authors: Bhat Sumangala K. , Aravind Ganessin
Published: October 2017

Mosquitoes enjoy wide geographical distribution and act as vectors for diverse pathogenic organisms from viruses to protozoans. Mosquito-borne diseases have a long history with some of them like Malaria dominating the scene for centuries. New diseases like Dengue fever, Zika viral disease etc. get added to the list from time to time. Vector control is an effective and widely accepted strategy in the management of mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquito repellents are an important product range extensively used for the management of mosquito-borne diseases. The research and development activities on mosquito repellents of plant origin have been reviewed in this article and classified into three categories like research reports, patents and commercial products, based on their outcomes. The relevance of plant-based mosquito repellents is discussed with reference to current societal and market trends. The review has revealed an increasing trend among researchers towards product development and entry of effective and innovative products into the market. The market analysis reports also confirm competitive advantage for herbal repellents in the coming years.
Prevalencia de embarazo en adolescentes, Yopal-Casanare, Colombia 2013-2014
Authors: Hernández Ávila Alejandra , Barrera Rodríguez Edwin Jesús , Castañeda Porras Oneida
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia de embarazo en mujeres adolescentes desde los registros de nacidos vivos del municipio de Yopal entre 2013-2014.Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal desde la base de datos del módulo de nacidos vivos del Registro Único de Afiliados del Departamento Nacional de Estadística (DANE), suministrado por la Secretaría de Salud de Yopal. Se incluyeron registros completos de toda gestante menor de 19 años. Se estudiaron sus características sociodemográficas, antecedentes de la gestación y características específicas del nacimiento. Análisis mediante estadística descriptiva.Resultados: el 21,9 % (1.286/5.848) de registros correspondieron a gestantes adolescentes entre 10-19 años, con edad promedio 17,4 ± 1,47 años; edad promedio del padre 23,9 ± 5,66 años; mediana de embarazos = 1 (rango = 1-4); más de cuatro controles prenatales 707 (55,0 %); primigestantes 1.033 (80,3 %); periodo intergenésico menor de dos años 54 (25,7 %); parto espontáneo 894 (69,5 %) y cesárea 392 (30,5 %); presentaron bajo peso al nacer 54 (4,2 %) neonatos.Conclusión: la prevalencia del embarazo en adolescentes en Yopal fue superior a la nacional, de 19,5 %; las gestantes adolescentes del área rural acceden menos a los controles prenatales. Estos datos conllevan revisar y fortalecer las estrategias municipales de prevención de este evento.
Las infecciones de transmisión sexual: un problema de salud pública que Colombia debe enfrentar
Authors: Gaitán-Duarte Hernando
Published: October 2017

El actual número de la Revista Colombiana de  Obstetricia y Ginecología  presenta un reporte de políticas públicas  que  resume la Estrategia Global  de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) contra las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS) para los años  2016 – 2021 en cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible que acordaron los países pertenecientes a  las Naciones  Unidas  (UN),  con el fin de lograr las metas para poner fin a la pobreza, proteger el planeta y garantizar la prosperidad para todos (1). El documento se enfoca también en los pasos que deberá dar Colombia para poder cumplir con las metas de la estrategia.La estrategia,  que sigue  la aproximación de la OMS a los problemas de salud pública,  enfoca la atención a tres infecciones de transmisión sexual: la infección gonocócica, por el virus del papiloma humano y la sífilis, infecciones que conllevan serias  consecuencias  sobre la salud de la  y la calidad de vida de la población en especial en las personas más vulnerables en Colombia.El documento hace una serie de recomendaciones a los países para que los gobiernos nacionales definan  las políticas que permitan orientar acciones sostenibles que en el tiempo faciliten la construcción de capacidades institucionales, interinstitucionales y de gobernanza que garanticen la aplicación de  las intervenciones que han demostrado ser seguras,  efectivas y económicamente viables  para el manejo de estas infecciones,  con el fin de lograr su impacto en la mayor cantidad de personas vulnerables dentro de un escenario  de respeto a los derechos humanos equidad de género y equidad en salud(2). Las acciones que incluye la estrategia están enfocadas en:  a) el fortalecimiento de la vigilancia, la vigilancia y la evaluación del programa y el progreso; b) la prevención de las ITS; c) el diagnóstico precoz; d) el adecuado manejo de la paciente y su (s) pareja (s)  y  e) los enfoques para llegar a las poblaciones más vulnerables.
Effect of dietary supplementation of acid ensiled fish waste on production performance, egg quality and serum biochemistry in layer Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Tanuja S. , Kumar Anil , Nayak Sujit Kumar , Behera Sanjay Kumar , Sarkar Ananta
Published: October 2017

Five weeks old layer Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) birds (180 nos) were randomly distributed into 4 dietary groups with 3 replicates each for 98 days to study the effect of dietary inclusion of acid ensiled fish waste silage on the production performance, egg quality, feed cost, and serum biochemical profile. Fish meal in control diet was replaced by supplementing fish silage at 3%, 6% and 12% of the diet. Significant increase in egg production (p>0.05) and the lowest feed conversion ratio were recorded when birds were fed with 3% silage. But the egg production or feed conversion ratio was not adversely affected by 6% or 12% inclusion of fish silage. Egg quality attributes like weight, shape index, Haugh score, albumen index or yolk index did not differ significantly with the increasing content of silage in the feed. The yolk concentration increased significantly (p>0.05) with increase in fish silage in the diet. The concentration of serum biochemical constituents (total protein, albumen, globulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase, urea and creatinine concentration) did not vary significantly (p>0.05) among the treatments. Serum glucose concentration was the highest in birds fed with 3% fish silage. Lowest cost of feed/kg egg mass was obtained by inclusion of 3% of fish silage in the diet. It was concluded that acid ensilage from freshwater fish waste can replace fishmeal in layer Japanese quail diets without affecting the production of birds besides resulting in reduction of feed cost.
Effect of weight and age based split weaning on growth performances and welfare of Large White Yorkshire piglets
Authors: Sandhu Kulvinder Singh , Malik Dalpat Singh , . Chandrahas , Sahoo Sarada Prasanna , Saini Amrit Lal
Published: October 2017

With an objective to minimize the weaning stress and to maximize the welfare, early weaning was combined with split weaning in 41 piglets of Large White Yorkshire (LWY). Weaning method was either “Weight Based Early or Split Weaning” i.e. TES or “Conventional Weaning” i.e. TC and treated as control. The weaning age in TC was 56 days. In TES, heavier (> 1.5 kg) medium weighing (1.0-1.5 kg) and lighter (> 1.0 kg) piglets were weaned at 30 (TESH), 37 days (TESM) and 42 days (TESL), respectively. Different records pertaining to body weight, feed consumption, haematological profiles etc. were collected up to 120 days. At the end of the study period, body weight of piglets was almost equal in both groups. The overall ADG at the end of study period was almost equal in all three sub-groups and in control. FCR of piglets under split and conventional weaning groups was significantly better (P>0.05) in TESH than Tc group, both during pre- and post-weaning period. The PCV (%) and TLC value under different sub-groups of split-weaned piglets were almost similar to different sub-groups of conventionally weaned piglets and were within normal range. There were significant differences among haemoglobin level among different sub-group of TES and Tc and it was within the range of normal reference value. From the present study it can be concluded that split weaned piglets performed almost equally to conventionally weaned piglets.
Morphological and morphometrical studies on the carpal bone of blue bull (boselephus tragocamelus)
Authors: Bharti Sanjay Kumar , Singh Ishwer
Published: October 2017

The present study has been carried out on the carpal bones of six blue bull. The carpal bones consisted of six short bones arranged in two transverse rows one above the other. The bones of the proximal row from medial to lateral were radial carpal or scaphoid, intermediate carpal or semilunar, ulnar carpal or cuneiform and accessory carpal or pisiform. The bones of the distal row were second and third fused carpal or os magnum and fourth carpal or unciform. The radial carpal bone was the medial-most of the proximal row and presented six surfaces. The intermediate carpal bone was wedge shaped, being wide in front and constricted in middle. The ulnar carpal bone was irregular in outline and situated lateral to the intermediate carpal. The accessory carpal was a short, medially curved bone. It was placed behind the ulnar carpal. In the distal row, the fused second and third carpal bone was situated medially and was larger than fourth carpal. The fourth carpal bone was smaller of the two bones of the distal row. It was roughly quadrilateral in outline and decreased in thickness cranio-caudally.
Magnetic Quantum Otto Engine for the Single-Particle Landau Problem
Authors: Peña Francisco J. , González Alejandro , Nunez A.S. , Orellana Pedro , Rojas René G. , Vargas P.
Published: October 2017

We study the effect of the degeneracy factor in the energy levels of the well-known Landau problem for a magnetic quantum Otto engine. The scheme of the cycle is composed of two quantum adiabatic processes and two quantum isomagnetic processes driven by a quasi-static modulation of external magnetic field intensity. We derive the analytical expression of the relation between the magnetic field and temperature along the adiabatic process and, in particular, reproduce the expression for the efficiency as a function of the compression ratio.
Effect of Early Pelvic Binder Use in Emergency Management of Suspected Pelvic Trauma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hsu Sheng-Der , Chen Cheng-Jueng , Chou Yu-Ching , Wang Sheng-Hao , Chan De-Chuan
Published: October 2017

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of early pelvic binder use in emergency management of suspected pelvic trauma, compared with the conventional stepwise approach. Methods: We enrolled trauma patients with initial stabilization using a pelvic binder for suspecting pelvic injury. Inclusion criteria were traumatic injury requiring a trauma team and at least one of the following: loss of consciousness or Glasgow coma score (GCS) < 13; systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg; falling from ≥6 m; injury to multiple vital organs; and suspected pelvic injury. Various parameters, including gender, age, mechanism of injury, GCS, mortality, hospital stay, initial vital sign, revised trauma score, injury severity score, and outcome, were assessed and compared with historical controls. Results: A total of 204 patients with high-energy multiple-trauma from single level I trauma center in North Taiwan were enrolled in the study from August 2013 to July 2014. The two group baseline patient characteristics were all collected and compared. The trauma patients with suspected pelvic fractures initially stabilized with a pelvic binder had shorter hospital and ICU stays. The study group achieved statistically significantly improved survival and lower mean blood transfusion volume and mortality rate although they were more severe in the trauma score. Conclusions: We recommend prompt pelvic binder use for suspected pelvic injury before definitive imaging is available, as a cervical spine collar is used to protect the cervical spine from further injury prior to definitive identification and characterization of an injury.
Security-Constrained Optimal Dispatch of Combined Natural Gas and Electricity Networks Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Costa Denis C. L. , Vieira João Paulo , Nunes Marcus V. A.
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes a method based on genetic algorithm (GA) for the security-constrained optimal dispatch of integrated natural gas and electricity networks, considering operating scenarios in both energy systems. The mathematical formulation of the optimization problem consists of a multi-objective function which aims to minimize both cost of thermal generation (diesel and natural gas) as well as the production and transportation of natural gas. The joint gas-electricity system is modeled by two separate groups of nonlinear equation, which are solved by the combination of Newton's method with the GA. The applicability of the proposed method is tested in the Belgian gas network integrated with the IEEE 14-bus test system and a 15-node natural gas network integrated with the IEEE 118-bus test system. The results demonstrate that the proposed method provides efficient and secure solutions for different operating scenarios in both energy systems.
Impact of Climate Change on Streamflow Hydrology in Headwater Catchments of the Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Worqlul Abeyou W. , Dile Yihun T. , Ayana Essayas K. , Jeong Jaehak , Adem Anwar A. , Thomas Gerik
Published: October 2017

This study assessed the impact of climate change on water availability and variability in two subbasins in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Downscaled future climate data from HadCM3 of A2 (medium-high) and B2 (medium-low) emission scenarios were compared to the observed climate data for a baseline period (1961 to 1990). The emission scenario representing the baseline period was used to predict future climate and as input to a hydrologic model to estimate the impact of future climate on the streamflow at three future time horizons 2020 - 2045, 2045 - 2070 and 2070 - 2100. Results suggest that medium-high emission scenario best represents the local rainfall and temperature pattern. With A2 scenario, daily maximum/minimum temperature will increase throughout the future time horizons. The minimum and maximum temperature will increase by 3.6oC and 2.4oC, respectively, towards the end of the 21st century. Consequently, potential evapotranspiration is expected to increase by 7.8%, though trends in annual rainfall do not show statistically meaningful trends between years. A notable seasonality was found in the rainfall pattern such that dry season rainfall amounts are likely to increase and wet season rainfall to decrease. The hydrological model indicated that the local hydrology of the study watersheds will be significantly influenced by climate change. Overall, at the end of the century, streamflow will increase in both rivers by up to 64% in dry seasons and decrease by 19% in wet seasons.
The Analysis of Nonlinear Vibrations of Top Tensioned Cantilever Pipes Conveying Pressurized Steady Two-Phase Flow under Thermal Loading
Authors: Adegoke Adeshina , Oyediran Ayo
Published: October 2017

This paper studied the nonlinear vibrations of top tensioned cantilevered pipes conveying pressurized steady two-phase flow under thermal loading. The coupled axial and transverse governing partial differential equations of motion of the system were derived based on Hamilton’s mechanics with the centreline assumed to be extensible. Multiple scale perturbation method was used to resolve the governing equations, which resulted to an analytical approach for assessing the natural frequency, mode shape and the nonlinear coupled axial and transverse steady state response of the pipe. The analytical assessment reveals that at some frequencies the system is uncoupled, while at some frequencies a 1:2 coupling exists between the axial and the transverse frequencies of the pipe. Nonlinear frequencies versus the amplitude displacement of the cantilever pipe conveying two-phase flow at super critical mixture velocity for the uncoupled scenario exhibit a nonlinear hardening behaviour, an increment in the void fractions of the two-phase flow resulted to a reduction in the pipe’s transverse vibration frequencies and the coupled amplitude of the system. However, increasing the temperature difference, pressure and the presence of top tension were observed to increase the pipe’s transverse vibration frequencies without a significant change in the coupled amplitude of the system.
What do Users Really Want? Participatory Development of Decision Support Tools for Environmental Management based on Outcomes.
Authors: Hewitt Richard J. , Macleod C.J.A.
Published: October 2017

There is increasing demand from stakeholders for tools to support outcome-based approaches in environmental management. For such tools to be useful, understanding user requirements is key. In Scotland, UK, stakeholders were engaged in the development of an Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) to support the management of land and freshwater resources for multiple policy outcomes. A structured participatory engagement process was employed to determine stakeholder requirements, establish development principles to fulfil these requirements and road-test prototypes. The EDSS specification that emerged from this bottom-up process was spatially-explicit, free at the point of use, and touch and mobile device compatible. This application, which is under development, does not closely resemble most existing published EDSS. We suggest that there is a mismatch between the way scientists typically conceptualise EDSS and the kinds of applications that are likely to be useful to decision-makers on the ground. Interactive mobile and web-based geospatial information services have become ubiquitous in our daily lives, but their importance is not reflected in current literature on EDSS. The current focus in environmental management on adaptive, stakeholder-centred strategies based on outcomes offers an opportunity to make better use of these new technologies to aid decision-making processes.
Pharmacokinetics of the Hypoxia-Imaging Agent [123I]IAZA in Healthy Adults Following Exercise-Based Cardiac Stress
Authors: Stypinski Daria , McQuarrie Stephen A. , McEwan Alexander J.B. , Wiebe Leonard I.
Published: October 2017

Objective:  To determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and detect changes in cardiac uptake of [123I]IAZA, a radiopharmaceutical used to image focal tissue hypoxia, in healthy volunteers after exercise-based cardiac stress, to establish a rational basis for studies of focal myocardial hypoxia in cardiac patients using [123I]IAZA.  Method:  Three healthy male volunteers ran the ‘Bruce’ treadmill protocol (criterion heart rate is 85 % of [220 – age]).  Approximately one minute before reaching this level, [123I]IAZA (4.0 mCi/0.85 mg) was administered as a slow (1-3 min) single bolus i.v. injection, then the volunteer continued running for an additional 1 min.  Serum from venous blood samples, taken at pre-determined intervals from 1 min to 45 h, was analyzed by radioHPLC.  PK parameters were derived for [123I]IAZA and total radioactivity (total[123I]) using compartmental and noncompartmental analyses (NCA).  Whole-body planar scintigraphic images were acquired from 0.75 to 24 h after dosing.  PK data and scintigraphic images were compared to published data from healthy volunteers administered [123I]IAZA at rest.  Results:  Following strenuous exercise, both [123I]IAZA and total[123I] exhibited bi-exponential decline profiles, with rapid distribution phases [half-lives (t1/2α) of 1.2 and 1.4 min, respectively], followed by slower elimination phases [t1/2β of 195 and 290 min, respectively].  Total body clearance (CLTB) and steady state volume of distribution (Vss) were 0.647 L/kg and 185 mL/min, respectively, for [123I]IAZA and 0.785 L/kg and 135 mL/min, respectively, for total[123I].  The t1/2β, CLTB and Vss values were comparable to those reported previously for rested volunteers.  The t1/2α was approximately 4-fold shorter for [123I]IAZA and approximately 3-fold shorter for total[123I] under exercise relative to rested subjects.  The heart was visualized in early whole body scintigraphic images, but overall there were no apparent differences from images reported for rested volunteers.  Minimal uptake of radiotracer in myocardium and skeletal muscle was consistent with uptake in non-stressed muscle.  Conclusion:  The PK and whole-body scintigrams for [123I]IAZA in exercise-stressed healthy volunteers showed no clinically relevant differences relative to non-exercised volunteers.  [123I]IAZA may therefore be suitable for the detection of viable, hypoxic myocardium in areas of myocardial perfusion deficiency.
Shoulder Arthroplasty Imaging: What’s New
Authors: Gregory T.M , Gregory J. , Nicolas E. , Pierrart J. , Masmejean E.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Shoulder arthroplasty, in its different forms (hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty) has transformed the clinical outcomes of shoulder disorders. Improvement of general clinical outcome is the result of stronger adequacy of the treatment to the diagnosis, enhanced surgical techniques, specific implanted materials, and more accurate follow up. Imaging is an important tool in each step of these processes.

Method:

This article is a review article declining recent imaging processes for shoulder arthroplasty.

Results:

Shoulder imaging is important for shoulder arthroplasty pre-operative planning but also for post-operative monitoring of the prosthesis and this article has a focus on the validity of plain radiographs for detecting radiolucent line and on new Computed Tomography scan method established to eliminate the prosthesis metallic artefacts that obscure the component fixation visualisation.

Conclusion:

Number of shoulder arthroplasties implanted have grown up rapidly for the past decade, leading to an increase in the number of complications. In parallel, new imaging system have been established to monitor these complications, especially component loosening
Short, Medium and Long Term Complications After Total Anatomical Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Gregory T.M. , Boukebous B. , Gregory J. , Pierrart J. , Masemjean E.
Published: October 2017

Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is an effective approach for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions affecting the shoulder, including osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis and osteonecrosis, and the number of TSA implanted has grown exponentially over the past decade. This review gives an update of the major complications, mainly infections, instability and loosening, encountered after TSA, based on a corpus of recent publications and a dynamic approach: The review focuses on the causes of glenoid loosening, which account for 80% of the complication, and underlines the importance of glenoid positioning in the recovery of early shouder function and in the long term survival rate of TSA.
Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Synergistically Activate Amphotericin B Against Mature Biofilm Forms of Candida Albicans
Authors: Halbandge Shivkrupa D. , Mortale Supriya P. , Karuppayil Sankunny Mohan
Published: October 2017

Background:

Biofilm formation byCandida albicansis a significant clinical challenge. Fungal biofilms are resistant to most of the currently available antifungal agents. Amphotericin-B (AmB) is an antifungal agent used for the treatment of systematic fungal infections but it is well known for its toxicities and side-effects. Novel approaches are needed to treat these infections that can reduce its toxicities.

Objectives:

Current study aims to evaluate the efficacy of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) alone and in combination with AmB against growth and biofilm formation inC. albicans.

Methods:

Combinations of SNP-AmB were tested against planktonic growth and biofilm formationin vitro. Micro broth dilution method was used to study planktonic growth and biofilm formation. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) were calculated by using a checkerboard format. Biofilm formation was analyzed by using XTT-metabolic assay.

Results:

MIC of AmB for developing biofilm was lowered by 16 fold in combination with SNPs. The calculated fractional inhibitory concentration indices were 0.1875 suggesting that this interaction is synergistic. Similarly, the mature biofilms were significantly prevented by SNPs-AmB combination. This interaction was synergistic. Furthermore, interaction between SNPs and AmB against planktonic growth was additive. Hemolytic activity assay was carried out on these drugs and combinations. Drug required for inhibition alone as well as in combination did not exhibit hemolytic activity.

Conclusion:

The combinations with SNPs lead to decreases in the dosage of AmB required for anti-Candidaactivity. SNPs-AmB combination could be an effective strategy against biofilm formed byC. albicans.
An Entropy Rate Theorem for a Hidden Inhomogeneous Markov Chain
Authors: Qi-feng Yao , Yun Dong , Zhong-Zhi Wang
Published: October 2017

Objective:

The main object of our study is to extend some entropy rate theorems to a Hidden Inhomogeneous Markov Chain (HIMC) and establish an entropy rate theorem under some mild conditions.

Introduction:

A hidden inhomogeneous Markov chain contains two different stochastic processes; one is an inhomogeneous Markov chain whose states are hidden and the other is a stochastic process whose states are observable.

Materials and Methods:

The proof of theorem requires some ergodic properties of an inhomogeneous Markov chain, and the flexible application of the properties of norm and the bounded conditions of series are also indispensable.

Results:

This paper presents an entropy rate theorem for an HIMC under some mild conditions and two corollaries for a hidden Markov chain and an inhomogeneous Markov chain.

Conclusion:

Under some mild conditions, the entropy rates of an inhomogeneous Markov chains, a hidden Markov chain and an HIMC are similar and easy to calculate.
The Physical Factors Affecting to Student’s Life in Higher-Education: A Case Study on Wheelchair-Bounded Students in a Private University
Authors: Tipian Sridara
Published: October 2017

There are 48.37% in Thailand, who use wheelchairs, but they can be learned. The percentage of the disabled who are in higher education system only 1.61%. The result of physical factors where are not ready. This research focused study of physical factors affecting to wheelchair-bounded student by qualitative research; survey, access audit and semi-structured interview. Found that factors affecting are entrance, classroom, activities area and restroom. Enhancing technical knowledge to the building manager to responding to all usage. Contributors often avoid seeking help because don't want to feel like a burdensome. The most important are that family are another motive to study
CIVIC SENSE AMONG TRIBAL HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Saleem T. Mohamed , V. Muneer
Published: October 2017

The focus of the study was to study the Civic Sense among tribal higher secondary school students. The sample for the present study consisted of 230tribal higher secondary school students of wayanad district of kerala state. The investigators prepared and usedCivic sense Scale for tribal higher secondary school students to assess the Civic Sense of sample subjects.Civic SenseScale assesses three dimensions of Civic Sensei.e. Protection of Public Property, Patriotism and Obedience to Law. The investigator used various statistical techniques viz, percentile, t-test, one way ANOVA to analyze the data. The statistical data revealed that the level of Civic Sense and its components among Tribal higher secondary school students is satisfactory to certain extent
Multicultural Efficacy of Preservice Teachers: A Study
Authors: Mansuri Lubna J.
Published: October 2017

Diversity prevails in the education system. Diversity in the classroom consists of different learners.Teachers play an important role in dealing with such diversity. It is pivotal that pre- service teachers must be confident and possess the ability to cater to a multicultural classroom. It is imperative that pre-service teachers are effectively trained to meet the needs of diverse learners. In short high multicultural efficacy among pre- service teachers is needed. Do the preservice teachers possess the experience, attitude and multicultural efficacy towards teaching? Can they effectively implement multicultural strategies for equity pedagogy?The paper is an attempt to study it.The present study is a descriptive research of comparative type. The main goal of this type of research was to compare the Multicultural Efficacy on the basis of type of management and year- wise of the pre- service teachers. The sample consisted of 400 pre- service teachers from colleges of education. The Multicultural Efficacy Scale was prepared by Guyton, E. M., andWesche, M. V was used for the present study.In the present study, two- stage sampling technique was used. ‘t’ test was used to compare the means scores and profile analysis to identify the dimensions of Multicultural efficacy.The study reveals that the Multicultural Efficacy of pre- service teachers of aided colleges of education is higher than that of unaided colleges of education. There is no statistically significant difference in the multicultural efficacy of F.Y.B.ED and S.Y.B.ED pre- service teachers. The result of the profiles analysis of aided and unaided colleges of education intersect across dimensions on the basis of type of management. The profiles of F.Y.B.ED and S.Y.B.ED are not equal and do not intersect across dimensions on the basis of year- wise.