bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Unusual Presentation of Intestinal Obstruction: Uterine Perforation and Bowel Herniation Following Manual Vacuum Aspiration
Authors: Aule Terna , Adamgbe Moses Ahangba , Usman Mary Musa , Eko Anthony Aboki , John Akut Daniel , Abdulmumini Busari , Jock Sunday Christopher , Solomon Evelyn Oluwatobi , Musa Jonah , Ugwu Benjamin Tagbo
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Uterine perforation following manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) of early pregnancy is an uncommon occurrence. It is even more unusual to be complicated by bowel herniation and intestinal obstruction. Proper evaluation and intervention are required to ameliorate the attendant morbidity.

Case Report:

We reported a case of a 39-year-old known retroviral disease P1+[1] nonalive who presented 2 weeks after MVA with clinical and radiological features of complete small bowel obstruction. She was resuscitated and had a laparotomy that revealed a herniated loop of small bowel through a uterine perforation. Resection and anastomosis were done; she made a full recovery and was subsequently discharged on the 7th postoperative day.

Conclusion:

Public enlightenment, safe sex practices, and public access to health care covered by health insurance would reduce the incidence of this uterine perforation.
Risk factors for positive pulmonary tuberculosis, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yassin Abuobaida
Published: August 2024

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem worldwide. Identifying risk factors for developing TB is most important in controlling disease progression and spread among the target population and the whole community.

Aim:

The current study aimed to identify the associated risk factors with positive smear for Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) patients in the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia (SA).

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study was conducted over 10 months, in the Jazan Region, SA.

Subjects and Methods:

The study involved the use of a questionnaire, which consisted of three parts: demographic information, TB risk factors, and smear microscopy for MTB.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics and correlation using Chi-square and multi-linear regression to identify the correlation between identified risk factors and certain factors. An adjusted odds ratio (OR) was also calculated.

Results:

The enrolled patients were 114 with a mean age of 35.77 years, the majority (76.3%) were below 45 years, and males constituted 71.1% of the sample. Marital status varied, with 57.9% being single. The population represented urban (39.5%) and rural (60.5%) lifestyles, and 63.2% were employed. Most had family sizes exceeding five members (78.1%), and 43.9% had more than three rooms in their residences. The smear-positive rate was 66.7%, with potential gender differences, but this difference was not statistically significant. Smoking, substance abuse, and contact with active TB patients were common risk factors. Females had lower odds of human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes, chronic conditions, and smoking but higher odds of substance abuse, psychiatric problems, and contact with active TB patients. Females were more likely to have a history of chronic respiratory diseases, contact with active TB patients, and psychiatric problems. Significant associations (P < 0.05) existed between smear positivity and age group, being single, contact history with active TB, and diabetes. Adjusted ORs confirmed age and being single as independent risk factors for smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB). Age and family size were identified as significant predictors of positive smear for TB, explaining approximately 36% of the variance. Other variables such as gender, marital status, residence, occupation, and past medical histories did not significantly contribute to predicting smear positivity.

Conclusion:

The current study focused on identifying significant risk factors among newly diagnosed PTB patients. The study revealed that age, marital status, contact with TB patients, diabetes, smoking, and substance abuse were all reported risk factors. The smear positivity was found to be statistically significant with the younger age groups, married, diabetic patients, and those with a previous history of exposure to tuberculous patients. These findings provide valuable insights for designing tailored interventions in the Jazan region.
Professional quality of life among intensive care unit nurses in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mhawish Huda A. , Gano Jennifer Q. , Stephen Taisy J. , Diolaso Sheena R. , Aletreby Waleed Tharwat
Published: August 2024

Background:

Stressful and challenging intensive care settings may influence nurses’ professional quality of life (ProQOL), in terms of job satisfaction, burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS).

Aims:

This study aimed to measure the ProQOL of critical care nurses, and its association with sociodemographic variables.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

Cross-sectional design utilizing the self-administered ProQOL 5.0 questionnaire composed of three subscales for compassion satisfaction (CS), BO, and STS.

Statistical Analysis:

scores of the three subscales of the ProQOL questionnaire were presented as mean and standard deviation, and their association with categorical sociodemographic variables was explored using analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results:

With a response rate of 48.4%, the majority of nurses were in the moderate category of all three subscales of the questionnaire, with mean scores of CS, BO, and STS of 35.8 ± 6.6, 27 ± 4.4, and 23.9 ± 8.7, respectively. Higher levels of education and longer experience were significantly associated with lower STS scores.

Conclusion:

Moderate levels of all subscales of ProQOL prevail in our ICU. Longer experience and higher educational levels may be significant factors in minimizing STS.
Safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coiling ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A single-center experience
Authors: Zhang Deng-Xiang , Luo Chao-Bao , Lee Chien-Hui
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Endovascular coiling is a minimally invasive method to manage intracranial aneurysms. However, patients who undergo stent-assisted coiling (SAC) for acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms need dual antiplatelet treatment. We reported our experience and outcomes of SAC for ruptured intracranial aneurysm.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively collected data on procedure-related complications, rates of aneurysm rebleeding and recurrence, and clinical outcomes of patients with ruptured aneurysms managed by SAC over 2 years.

Results:

Among the 17 patients included in this study, there were 14 (82.4%) women and 3 (17.6%) men, with a mean age of 58.59 years (standard deviation = 13.57; range: 40–82 years). There were no periprocedural hemorrhagic complications and no aneurysm rebleeding before discharge. However, two patients developed acute brain infarction because of symptomatic vasospasm. Linear regression revealed significant associations of posterior circulation involvement with the Glasgow Outcome Score and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge and 6 months after. Besides, Hunt and Hess grade ≥3 has a significant association with mRS at discharge, 6 months, and 1 year after.

Conclusion:

SAC for ruptured aneurysm was technically feasible and did not carry an additional risk of postoperative aneurysm rebleeding secondary to antiplatelet treatment. Moreover, it had relatively low rates of aneurysm regrowth and coil compaction. Therefore, it can be a safe and effective endovascular treatment for acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysm.
The Oncogenic Role of TNFRSF12A in Colorectal Cancer and Pan-Cancer Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Chuyue , Zhao Yingying , Chen You , Shi Ying , Yang Zhiying , Wu Weili , Ma Rui , Wang Bo , Sun Yifeng , Yuan Ping
Published: August 2024

Purpose Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms.Materials and Methods Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A.Results TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer.Conclusion TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.
Die performative Kamera. Technologien und Formen der Partizipation im Dokumentar- und Amateurfilm
Authors: Krautkrämer Florian
Published: August 2024

Dokumentarische Aufnahmen können durch neue Entwicklungen von Produktions- und Distributionstechnologien von immer mehr Personen aufgenommen, verarbeitet und verbreitet werden. Damit verändern sich nicht nur Orte und Sujets, sondern vor allem auch die Perspektiven und Praktiken des Dokumentar- und Amateurfilms, beispielsweise wenn verschiedene Kameras direkt aus dem Geschehen heraus filmen oder zur multiperspektivischen Aufnahme weitergereicht werden. Anhand der Analyse aktueller und innovativer Beispielfälle konzentriert sich die vorliegende Arbeit auf Praktiken, Gefüge, Konstellationen und Bezüge zwischen Kamera und Körper. Im Zentrum steht dabei allerdings weniger das Apparative selbst als vielmehr sich in diesem Prozess verändernde dokumentarische Konzepte und Haltungen.
Autoimmune mediated suicidal behavior
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Bykova A. Yu. , Bekker R. A.
Published: August 2024

There is a known autoimmune disease, which is called ‘anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis’, or ‘Dalmau encephalitis’ (named after its discoverer). It is associated with the presence of high titers of antibodies to a certain epitope of the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors in the blood and/or in the cerebrospinal fluid. This disease in its classic form is accompanied by severe mental (depression, delusions, hallucinations, anxiety, sleep disorders, cognitive impairment, catatonia, etc.) and neurological (convulsions, dyskinesias) symptoms, disturbances of consciousness and autonomic regulation (regulation of respiration, temperature, blood pressure, heart rhythm), as well as with suicidality, which seems to be disproportionate to the severity of mental disturbances. However, there are also ‘non-classical’ forms of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. These can manifest with exclusively psychiatric symptoms (for example, depression, psychosis, suicidal behavior), without characteristic neurological symptoms and/or disorders of autonomic regulation. In some of these cases, the correct diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis was delayed by months, years or even decades. In addition, in recent decades, increasing evidence had accumulated that in some patients with so-called ‘classical’ mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, depressive disorders – and especially in those who show resistance to traditional psychopharmacotherapy – elevated titers of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies can be detected in their blood and/or in their cerebrospinal fluid. It has also been shown that elevated blood titers of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies are often detected in post-mortem examinations of suicide victims. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody titers in psychiatric patients correlate well with a recent history of suicide attempts and/or with current active suicidal ideation. Some of these patients may benefit from aggressive immunosuppressive therapy that is similar to the regimens normally used to treat ‘classical’ anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis with neurological and autonomic manifestations. This might stop their suicidal ideation and/or help in overcoming their resistance to psychopharmacotherapy. This article presents a description and analysis of three clinical cases of patients with various mental disorders, acute suicidality and elevated titers of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, in whom such therapy has been effective.
Allergy in HIV-Infected patients (on the example of clinical observation)
Authors: Ivanova O. N. , Ivanova I. S.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the causes of the formation of allergic diseases in patients with HIV infection on the example of a clinical case. Patient C., 35 years old, was under medical supervision at the Victory Clinic from 2013 to 2015 with manifestations of skin allergies. Over the next four years, the patient received therapy for exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, followed a diet with the exception of dairy products and beef. The patient’s condition could be assessed as satisfactory; relapses of atopic dermatitis were noted 2 times after a violation of the diet. In 2017, after an unprotected contact, the patient noticed: weakness, weight loss, dry skin and enlarged peripheral lymph nodes. In June 2017, the patient turned to the district pediatrician, who prescribed a referral for a general blood and urine test, a blood test for AIDS and hepatitis. As a result of the examination, the patient was diagnosed with HIV infection. The patient was examined and treated at the Yakutsk AIDS center. Since August 2017, the patient has been worried about nasal congestion, sneezing, watery eyes, and headaches. In early September 2017, the patient turned to an allergist-immunologist. An examination was conducted: a blood test was taken for allergoscreen panel No. 1 and an immunogram, rhinocytogram. The following results were obtained: according to allergoscreen No. 1, allergy to birch 3.0, milk 3.2, wheat flour 2.8. Rhinocytogram data from 09/28/2017: neutrophils 67 per-field and eosinophils 10 per-field. People infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have high levels of allergic conditions, including allergic rhinitis (hay fever), drug allergies and asthma. The HIV virus infects and destroys CD4+T cells, a type of white blood cell. This leads to a change in immune function, which contributes to the development of allergies, infections, cancer and other immune problems. In a patient with HIV infection, after the pathology is detected, the formation and transformation of allergic diseases is observed. The formation of allergopathology in HIV patients is associated with a reduced level of CD4+ cells, which is one of the factors contributing to the development of allergy transformation. The treatment of allergic diseases such as: bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic urticaria in patients with HIV is the same as in patients not infected with HIV. Oral administration of glucocorticosteroids should be avoided due to the immunosuppressive effects of this group of drugs.
Systemic imbalance of TGF-β isoforms in patients with various manifestations of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Ruchkin M. P. , Markelova E. V. , Fedyashev G. A.
Published: August 2024

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a group of structurally similar multifunctional regulatory proteins that exhibit pleiotropy in various tissues of the body. Considering that TGF-β isoforms show tropism to various cells, and in diabetic retinopathy both a neurodegenerative process and damage to microvessels can be simultaneously realized, we believe that the study of the content of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 in patients with various manifestations of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 in the blood serum in patients with neurodegenerative and vascular manifestations of diabetic retinopathy against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study involved 80 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 healthy volunteers. Based on ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (n = 12) – patients without vascular symptoms of fundus DR and without OCT signs of retinal neurodegeneration; Group 2 (n = 28) – patients without vascular symptoms of fundus DR and the presence of OCT signs of retinal neurodegeneration; Group 3 (n = 10) – patients with vascular symptoms of non-proliferative DR and without OCT signs of retinal neurodegeneration; and Group 4 (n = 30) – patients with vascular symptoms of non-proliferative DR and the presence of OCT signs of retinal neurodegeneration. The serum content of TGF-β1 in all groups was within the reference values throughout the study. The serum concentration of TGF-β2 in all groups was higher in comparison with the control group. The content of TGF-β3 in the blood serum of patients with neurodegenerative manifestations of diabetic retinopathy (groups 2 and 4) was significantly lower than the reference values. A more pronounced deficiency was observed in group 4, whose patients had both vascular and neurodegenerative signs of DR. The presented study showed the presence of a systemic imbalance in the levels of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 in vascular and neuronal manifestations of diabetic retinopathy. The results obtained confirm the data that changes in the production of cytokines from the TGF-β family in one pathological process can be multidirectional.
Inhibition of TLR4 and NLRP3 leads to the exacerbation of IgE specific antibodies in mouse allergic models based on subcutaneous or intranasal immunization respectively
Authors: Chudakov D. B. , Shustova O. A. , Konovalova M. V. , Velichinskii R. A. , Fattakhova G. V.
Published: August 2024

A significant increase in the prevalence of diseases linked with IgE production can be seen in recent years, but the question about the role of TLR receptors in this process remains controversial. According to the hygiene hypothesis, the decrease of the contact of the individual with pathogens that contain PRR receptor ligands in the recent years leads to the development of allergic diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate whether TLR4 and NLRP3 receptor activation contributes to allergen-specific antibody formation.
BALB/c mice were immunized according to two different protocols. In the first one, OVA antigen was administered in 0.1 µg dose 2-3 times a week for 6 weeks by subcutaneous route. In the second one, OVA was administered in 0.3 µg dose intranasally in combination with 4 ng of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) 2 times a week for 8 weeks. In both cases, TLR4 and NLRP3 receptor inhibitors, namely TLR4-IN-C34 in 1 mg/kg dose and CY- 09 in 20 mg/kg dose respectively were also administered to the some of the mice. Specific antibody production was determined by ELISA.
Immunization of mice with TLR4-IN-C34 significantly (p 0.01) amplify IgE production (about 2.5 times in comparison with control group), but has no effect on specific IgG1 production in subcutaneous model. Specific IgE titers in the control group immunized without small molecule inhibitor and in the TLR4-IN-C34 group were (3±0.6) × 103 and (8±2) × 103, respectively. In this model, CY-09 administration has no effect on humoral immune response. In the secondary (intranasal) model, BaP significantly increase specific IgE and IgG1 production. CY-09 but not TLR4-IN-C34 administered in combination with BaP significant (p 0.05) and approximately 2 times enhances specific IgE but not IgG1 production. Specific IgE titers in the control group without inhibitor and in the CY-09 group were (2.0±0.4) × 102 and (5.1±0.3) × 102, respectively.
So, PRR-activation, in our case activation of TLR4 in the model based on subcutaneous immunization or NLRP3 in the model based on intranasal antigen administration with BaP suppressed the production of allergen-specific IgE, but not IgG1. These data are in consistent with the hygiene theory of allergy development.
Mechanisms of RORα-dependent effects of melatonin
Authors: Kuklina E. M.
Published: August 2024

The transcription factor RORα has not traditionally been attributed a fundamental role in the development of Th17 cells, but recent studies have shown that it is necessary for the formation of a pathogenic variant of Th17 cells, the so-called Th1-polarized Th17 (Th17.1). Since the transcriptional activity of RORα depends on ligand binding, the search for such ligands is highly relevant, and in this regard, melatonin is of particular interest. The question of the ability of RORα to directly bind melatonin remains open today; data on this problem are extremely contradictory. In 1995, I. Wiesenberg and colleagues identified RORα as a nuclear receptor for melatonin, demonstrating the hormone’s ability to enhance the binding of this factor to DNA and determining the dissociation constant for the interaction of RORα with melatonin using classical Scatchard analysis. In 2011, P.J. Lardone and colleagues “rediscovered” RORα as a receptor for melatonin by demonstrating the coprecipitation of melatonin with RORα. And in 2016, A.J. Slominski and colleagues published a paper that cast doubt on the possibility of melatonin binding to RORα based on molecular modeling of ligand-receptor interactions supported by functional studies. However, a careful analysis of these data indicates the ambiguity of this conclusion, allowing us to speak, rather, of medium or low binding affinity of the hormone to RORα, but not of its absence. This conclusion is also supported by the fact that RORα mediates many of the effects of melatonin, both physiological and pharmacological, including the regulation of circadian rhythms and oxidative metabolism, neuro- and cardioprotection, and control of the immune response. In general, the data available today allow us to consider the transcription factor RORα as a receptor for melatonin with medium affinity, although indirect regulation of this factor by the hormone is not excluded, and RORα-dependent mechanisms should contribute to the cellular response to melatonin, both under physiological conditions and in the case of pharmacological use of the hormone.
Influence of endomorphins-1, 2 on glucose uptake by T and B lymphocytes in vivo
Authors: Gein S. V. , Kadochnikova Ya. A.
Published: August 2024

The main method of treating pain syndrome is the use of morphine and its analogues, which have a wide range of side effects. In this regard, many modern studies are aimed at finding safer analgesic compounds. Currently, among morphine analogues, much attention is paid to endogenous opioid peptides, which, along with an analgesic effect, have pronounced immunoregulatory properties. It is now known that the functional activity of immune cells is ensured by metabolism. This process supplies cells with the energy necessary for activation, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, etc. Glucose metabolism plays a key role in ensuring the functions of immune cells. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of endomorphins-1, 2 on the characteristics of glucose uptake by T and B lymphocytes in vivo. The subjects of the study were white male mice, peptides were administered to mice intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 ìg/kg, and glucose uptake by cells was assessed using fluorescent analogues of glucose (2-NBDG). It was found that endomorphin-1 did not affect at the intensity of glucose consumption in both T and B cells. Administration of endomorphin-2, on the contrary, led to a significant increase in glucose uptake in T lymphocytes. However, the level of glucose consumption in B cells after administration of endomorphin-2 did not change significantly. In a study of two subsets of T lymphocytes, it was noted that endomorphin-2 leads to an increase in glucose uptake in both CD4+ and CD4-T cells. Administration of endomorphin-1 had no significant effect on the level of uptake of this substrate in both subsets of T lymphocytes. Proliferating B lymphocytes increased glucose consumption in the presence of LPS after administration of endomorphin-2. Both endomorphins did not have a significant effect on glucose consumption in proliferating CD4+ and CD4-T cells.
Thus, endomorphin-1, unlike endomorphin-2, does not have a significant effect on glucose metabolism in T and B cells. Taking into account the role of glycolysis in the functioning of immune cells and inflammation, it can be concluded that the use of endomorphin-1 may be associated with a lower risk of immune system-related side effects.
Soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE) as a new biomarker of asthma in children: a brief review of the literature and our own findings
Authors: Tereshchenko S. Yu. , Smolnikova M. V. , Gorbacheva N. N.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the receptor of glycosylation end products (RAGE) has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers and plays an important role in various in various diseases associated with tissue destruction, metabolic and neurodegenerative processes, infections, immune reactions and inflammation of various origins. The study of the soluble form of this receptor (sRAGE) as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of bronchial asthma (BA) in children is becoming particularly relevant.
This article presents a brief review of the literature on the role of RAGE and its ligands in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, and analyzes our own data on the study of sRAGE levels in children with AD.
We examined 101 children aged 7-18 years suffering from AD referred to the Children’s Allergy Center (Krasnoyarsk, Russia). Children with AD were divided into three groups: controlled (n = 45), partially controlled (n = 19) and uncontrolled asthma (n = 37) according to GINA-2023. The control group consisted of 92 age- and sex-matched children (virtually healthy children without signs of infection or allergy). Serum sRAGE levels were determined by magnetic immunoassay (MAGPIX, Luminex, USA; Merk Millipore, USA). Data are presented as median (25-75% quartiles). The Kruskal–Wallis test was used.
Serum sRAGE levels were reduced only in uncontrolled AD in the examined children (Figure 1, p (Kruskal–Wallis test) = 0.001). In addition, serum sRAGE levels were reduced in the asthma exacerbation groups, regardless of exacerbation status caused by viral infection or allergens.
Thus, serum sRAGE levels are closely related to asthma control and exacerbation status in children with AD in and may be used as a novel marker of loss of disease control and possibly as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Identification of IgE-mediated sensitization in children by enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence methods
Authors: Sokolova T. F. , Shcheglova E. L. , Sokolov E. Yu. , Emelyanov Yu. V.
Published: August 2024

The goal of research was to determine the frequency of detection and the structure of causally significant sensitization to the main groups of allergens in children with allergic diseases in Siberia when evaluating the results by enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence analysis. We researched 968 children with allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, urticaria, and/or allergic dermatitis undergoing treatment at the Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Allergology and Immunology, GDKB No. 2 named after V.P. Bisyarina of Omsk. Blood serum samples were diagnosed in the laboratory of clinical immunology. Also, the allergen-specific IgE concentrations were determined for 109 allergens, including food allergens (milk, egg, meat, fish, cereals, fruits, vegetables), household allergens (epidermal pets, dust and house dust mites, molds), and inhaled antigens (grass, trees). Analysis of 435 children was carried out by enzyme immunoassay, and 533 children by indirect immunofluorescence. The research revealed the predominance in children with allergic diseases in Siberia of IgE-mediated sensitization to household allergens, which were detected in 33.7% of the examined. IgE-mediated sensitization to inhalation and food allergens was 1.5 times less common. According to our research, the most common causative allergen among households was house dust (90%), dandruff and animal epithelium (86%), house dust mites (13.5%), and molds (1.4%). The most common causative allergen among pollen was tree allergens (47.8%), cereals (23.5%) and weeds (20.1%). The presence of multivalent sensitization with a predominant combination of household and respiratory allergens and a rarer combination of household and food allergens has been experimentally established.
Surfactant system of the lungs in antiphospholipid syndrome under the conditions of administration of the immunosuppressive agent FTY-720
Authors: Urakova M. A. , Mustaev V. R. , Karimova G. R. , Kuznetsova M. G. , Rakhmatullina E. N. , Oleneva S. A. , Urakova K. V.
Published: August 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a thrombophilic disease in the pathogenesis of which the leading role belongs to antibodies reacting with antigenic determinants of phospholipids. APS is a systemic autoimmune pathology that involves many organs and systems in the pathological process, including the respiratory system. Given the fact that the lung surfactant is mainly represented by phospholipids, it can be presented that the surfactant is damaged and its functioning is impaired in APS. The results of our experiments showed that in antiphospholipid syndrome, there was a decline in the functional activity of the surfactant and a change in its biochemical composition. The introduction of FTY-720 normalized the parameters of the lung surfactant system, which were changed during the modeling of antiphospholipid syndrome. The work shows the effectiveness of the therapy of this autoimmune pathology with immunosuppressor FTY-720, which is a structural analogue of endogenous sphingosine. The effect of the drug is based on the modulation of sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors of lymphocytes. The main effect of the immunosuppressor FTY-720 as a result of receptor interaction is a decrease in the number of circulating lymphocytes. The research involved 85 white random bred male rats: Group 1 (APS modeling) consisted of 30 rats who were intravenously injected with cardiolipin antigen at a total dose of 0.2-0.4 mg per rat every other day for three weeks; Group 2 (control) consisted of 25 rats who were injected with 0.9% NaCl solution according to the same scheme; and Group 3 including 30 rats in which APS was combined with the administration of the immunosuppressive agent FTY-720 (intraperitoneally 1 mg/kg of animal weight). Three weeks later, there was an operation conducted with the purpose of extraction of the bronchopulmonary complex. After extraction of the bronchopulmonary complex, its triple lavage was carried out with 0.9% NaCl solution. The material of the experimental study was a lavage liquid, in which the biophysical and biochemical parameters of the surfactant were studied. Langmuir–Blodgett method was used to identify static, minimal and maximal surface tension. These figures were used to identify integrative indicator reflecting surfactant characteristics – the Clements stability index. The fractional composition of surfactant phospholipids was determined by thin-layer chromatography. The results of our experiments showed that in antiphospholipid syndrome, there was a decline in the functional activity of the surfactant and a change in its biochemical composition. The introduction of FTY-720 normalized the parameters of the lung surfactant system, which were changed during the modeling of antiphospholipid syndrome.
In situ and in silico modeling of the hematopoiesis-inducing effect of chelidonic acid
Authors: Nasibov T. F. , Gorokhova A. V. , Porokhova E. D. , Starosvetskaya A. A. , Bariev U. A. , Nosov V. E. , Litvinova L. S. , Avdeeva E. Yu. , Белоусов Mikhail V. , Khlusov I. A.
Published: August 2024

The current trend in regenerative medicine, in the context of an aging population, is the search for new ways and means to optimize tissue bioengineering. One of the convenient models for in situ studying bone marrow regeneration is the subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis test on scaffolds that imitate the architecture of bone tissue. Chelidonic acid (CA), a small molecule, is capable of participating in various cellular processes and metabolic pathways, and it can activate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the molecular mechanisms behind the regulatory effects of CA remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulatory effect of CA on the in situ formation of hematopoietic foci, as well as to predict target genes and intracellular signalling pathways involved in the hematopoietic activity of CA. An aqueous solution of CA, isolated from an extract of the Saussurea controversa plant. Course (daily for 35 days) oral administration of CA. Ectopic osteogenesis testing in Balb/c mice. Morphometric analysis of histological sections after 45 days and in silico modelling of gene expression with statistical analysis. CA, when administered orally in a low dose (10 mg/kg), threefold increases the normalized area of bone marrow in the composition of bone tissue plates grown in situ in a test of ectopic subcutaneous osteogenesis in mice. This effect is associated essentially (a probability of CA activity Pa 0.5 and a probability of inactivity Pi 0.5) with enhanced expression of 358 hematopoiesis-related genes, as predicted by in silico analysis. The top list with the highest Pa value included 10 target genes, such as GATA1, CITED2, SFRP1, EP300, LGALS9, VNN1, IL10RB, RARA, CD83, and HMOX1. CA has a significant ability to enhance the reparative remodelling of hematopoietic tissue in situ. The next phase of research will be to test actual target genes and signalling pathways that mediate the regulatory effect of HC on hematopoiesis both in vitro and in vivo, as well as in clinical settings.
Ratio of immune indices in women of the semi-arid region
Authors: Kabbani M. S. , Shchegoleva L. S. , Shashkova E. Yu.
Published: August 2024

Environmental and climatic factors have a significant impact on the immune system, shaping its composition and functions. The semiarid region of Aleppo, characterized by hot, dry summers and moderate, wet and cold winters, is also characterized by environmental pollution such as air pollutants and industrial chemicals. The interaction of these environmental and climatic factors can impair immune function by causing inflammatory responses, compromising the integrity of immune cells, and impairing the body’s ability to mount an effective immune response. To date, the physiological characteristics of the parameters of the human blood system and the development of physiological reactions of adaptive immune homeostasis depending on the territory of residence have not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we studied the state of immune indices in women living in the semi-arid region. Thirty women aged from 20 to 60 years without chronic and acute diseases were examined. Immunocompetence was assessed using white blood cell count, lymphocyte subset analysis and calculation of immune indices including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), immunoregulatory index (CD4+/ CD8+) and lymphoproliferation ratio and apoptosis (CD10+/CD95+ and CD71+/CD95+). The results of the analysis showed that the median NLR was 2.18 (1.50-2.90), LMR 6.66 (5.47-8.87), SIRI 0.64 (0.45-0.98), immunoregulatory index 0.99 (0.84-1.27) and the ratio of lymphoproliferation processes to apoptosis (CD10+/ CD95+ and CD71+/CD95+) 0.95 (0.65-1.29) and 0.94 (0.78-1.11), respectively, which indicates a stressful state of immune homeostasis and signs of premature aging of the immune system. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), immunoregulatory index (CD4+/CD8+) and lymphoproliferation-apoptosis ratio were determined. (CD10+/ CD95+ and CD71+/ CD95+) in the examined women of the semiarid climate zone of residence, emphasizes the stressful level of immune homeostasis. The results obtained highlight the need for systematic individual biomedical monitoring to maintain immune homeostasis in populations inhabiting similar environmental conditions.
Avidin-positive mast cells of the liver when exposed to water-soluble silicon for nine months
Authors: Grigoreva E. A. , Gordova V. S. , Sergeeva V. E. , Smorodchenko A. T. , Smirnova N. V.
Published: August 2024

Mast cells, due to the mediators contained in them, are active participants in various processes occurring in the body. The reaction of avidin-positive mast cells of the liver to the intake of silicon with drinking water at a concentration of 20 mg/L for nine months was studied. The experiment was conducted on laboratory nonlinear male rats, which were divided into two groups: the control group received bottled drinking water with a silicon concentration of 10 mg/L; the experimental group received the same water, but with the addition of sodium metasilicate nine-hydrate, which was used to adjust the total concentration of silicon in drinking water to 20 mg/L. The mass concentration of silicon in the water of the control and experimental groups was determined using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer 5110 ICP-OES. After nine months, the animals were sacrificed, the liver was extracted and fixed in 10% neutral formalin, processed and embedded in paraffin. After deparaffinization, 6-ìm-thick liver sections were incubated for 30 minutes with green fluorescent-labeled avidin (Avidin, Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate, Invitrogen, Germany). The preparations were analyzed under a fluorescence microscope at an excitation light wavelength of 495 nm. According to the results of the study, an increase in the number of avidin-positive mast cells due to weakly fluorescent ones was found in the liver of rats of the experimental group, as well as an increase in the median of their area and fluorescence intensity. It was revealed that the change in the median of area of avidin-positive mast cells in the liver of rats of the experimental group is due to a decrease in the number of small cells and an increase in the number of medium and large cells. Positive strong and positive average correlations were established between the cell area and its intensity in the control and experimental groups, respectively.
Thus, the study made it possible to expand the data on the effect of water-soluble silicon on the liver and indirectly suggest the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the organ under study.
Immunology of the “sensible world” and of the “intelligible world”: the evolutionary decline and the “constructed reality”
Authors: Goloviznin M. V. , Moiseev V. I. , Timofeev V. T. , Lakhonina N. S. , Buldakova Yu. R.
Published: August 2024

The term “immunity” was introduced in medicine due to Ilya Mechnikov. However, the concept of infection resistance existed in European culture long before Mechnikov in the form of s.c. “vital force”. According to holistic methodology, the history of immunology can be divided into three unequal periods: 1) vitalistic – from antiquity to the discoveries of Mechnikov and Ehrlich; 2) “Mechnikov time” (1890s – 1916); and 3) a post-Mechnikov period (1916 – present). At the beginning of 18th century, the existence of “vital force” ideas created the possibility to adapt variolation in Europe, which was based on medieval magical-mystical concepts. Without generalizing of variolation experience, Edward Jenner would hardly have been able to discover vaccination. Scientific ideas of Mechnikov were not a categorical denial of the previous period of immunology. For almost 20 years, he himself had to fend off teleological and vitalistic accusations from the side of those biologists who denied the possibility of phagocytes to act expediently. An analogy helped Mechnikov to confirm his intuition was the phenomenon of intracellular digestion of amoebas or ciliates. Besides, he experimentally proved that phagocytosis was the product of evolution and not a “god gift”. However, in his works, Mechnikov also addressed to the category of “healing forces of the body.” Modern immunology now faces a number of theoretical contradictions and methodological difficulties related to reductionists paradigm: as far as the “split” between the world of “immune objects” (immune cells receptors, antibodies, cytokines, etc.) and “subjectness” of its basic categories “self-nonself”, “immune aggression, “immune defence”, etc., Ilya Mechnikov tried to overcome this contradiction substantiating the phenomenon of phagocytosis as functional system acting in accordance with defense purpose. The construction of “holistic” subject-object models of immunity (such as the symbiosis model of plant immunity) could be a way of overcoming the aforementioned contradictions.
AN ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDINAL LOYALTY IN SINGAPORE MEDICAL TOURISM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN MEDICAL TOURISTS
Authors: Teresa Cynthia , Adam Mochammad Riyadh Rizky
Published: August 2024

The study examines the impact of destination familiarity, service quality, satisfaction, perceived value, trust, and destination image on the attitudinal loyalty of Mount Elizabeth Hospital (MEH) Singapore among Indonesian medical tourists. A quantitative study was conducted on 130 Indonesian medical tourists who live in Jakarta and have used medical services at Mount Elizabeth Hospital (MEH) Singapore within the last three months. To test the hypothesis, structural equation analysis is performed using PLS software. The findings suggest that there are positive associations between destination familiarity, destination image, and attitudinal loyalty to Mount Elizabeth Hospital (MEH) Singapore. Service quality has an indirect effect on attitudinal loyalty since satisfaction, perceived value, and trust operate as mediators. Finally, satisfaction, perceived value, and trust all have a favorable impact on Mount Elizabeth Hospital (MEH) Singapore's attitudinal loyalty.
FINANCIAL LITERACY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP-BUSINESS STARTUP FOR EFFECTIVE POST-RETIREMENT LIFE MANAGEMENT AMONG PRE-RETIREES IN UNIVERSITIES IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Oriazowanlan Obose Angela
Published: August 2024

The role of entrepreneurship to prevent poverty and mitigate other post-retirement challenges has been acknowledged to be crucial for effective post-retirement life management but financial constraints could constitute bane to pre-retirees’ entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, the study determined the financial knowledge that could spur their intentions and readiness for business start that could enable them surmount post-retirement life challenges. Two research questions guided the study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted and the population comprised all the pre-retirees in universities in Edo State. 250 respondents were randomly selected using the simple random sampling technique from three purposive selected universities. Primary data were gathered through the use of structured questionnaire which was validated and tested to have reliability coefficient value of 0.84. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions and test the respondents’ homogeneity. The findings revealed among others that the respondents perceived the benefits of entrepreneurship-business startup to ensure their effective post-retirement life management but intend to rely totally on their retirement savings benefits with the Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) for business startup. Based on the findings it was recommended among others that pre-retirees should make contingency savings plan and that the employers and government should provide them financial education in order to acquaint them with relevant financial knowledge to access other forms of business financing such as loans, bank overdraft, angel investors, venture capital and government grants among others prior to final disengagement.
Determine The Implications Of Presidential Regulation (Perpres) Number 82 Of 2021 Funding For Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Hannum Ikhsanti , Sirozi M. , Sumanti Soliha Titin
Published: August 2024

This research aims tothe Government's concern for Islamic boarding schools.This concern was identified by Presidential Regulation (PERPRES) Number 82 of 2021, which concerns the funding of Islamic boarding schools, Islamic boarding school endowment funds, and the prospects for Islamic boarding schools following the stipulation ofPERPRES No. 28 of 2021, as well as political aspects in the stipulation of the PERPRES. Consideringthat Islamic boarding schools are the oldest educational institutions in Indonesia, with their distinctive educational approach, they have also played a pivotal role in the Indonesian independence movement. They are an integral part of the Indonesian educational landscape, contributing to the production of high-quality educational outcomes. This paper draws upon a range of key literature on the subject, which has been selected, organized and categorized according to their suitability for the purposes of this study. The contents of the literature were subjected to a rigorous analysis in order to ensure their suitability as material for the completion of this paper. This explanation is characteristic of library research, which employs content analysis techniques. The findings of the research indicate that the primary functions of Islamic boarding schools are education, da'wah and community empowerment.The existence of political power to pass the Islamic Boarding School Law and the Islamic Boarding School Endowment Fund contained in PERPRES no. 28 of 2021 is a legal umbrella for Islamic boarding school institutions to receive funds from the APBN, APBD in the form of grants, as well as non-binding assistance from other parties.The implications of this government policy have a significant impact on Islamic boarding schools, which are tasked with improving the quality of education in these institutions. However, Islamic boarding schools must also navigate the challenges of maintaining their unique curriculum in the context of government regulations. The primary implications of the establishment of the PERPRES in question are the requirement to register Islamic boarding schools (legalizing Islamic boarding schools administratively) and changes to the curriculum used (the incorporation of non-religious knowledge).
IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA MINING FOR DIABETES PREDICTION USING THE C4.5 ALGORITHM
Authors: Rahmah Sabrina Aulia
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on the implementation of data mining techniques to predict diabetes using the C4.5 algorithm. Diabetes is a syndrome characterized by metabolic disturbances and abnormally high blood glucose levels due to insulin deficiency or decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin. Maintaining blood sugar levels is crucial for health, as it is a vital energy source for cells and tissues. The research employs various classification attributes, including weight, gender (as an auxiliary attribute), blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and diabetes history. These attributes are used to help individuals predict whether their diabetes is hereditary or non-hereditary.
Responsibilities of a transport university for the development and dissemination of advanced competencies in the ﬁelds of transport and transport education in the context of the expanding BRICS space
Authors: Valinsky O. S.
Published: August 2024

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OBRAS PÚBLICAS DE INTERÉS GENERAL
Authors: GALÁN VIOQUE ROBERTO
Published: August 2024

Estudia el reparto de competencias sobre obras públicas en el Sistema de Administraciones Publicas del Estado de las Autonómicas, haciendo referencia a la Unión Europea y a las Corporaciones Locales. Concluyendo la obra con una propuesta motivada de una Ley de Infraestructuras públicas.