bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Institutional Work: A Review and Framework based on Semantic and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Gidley Devon , Palmer Mark
Published: December 2021

Institutional work as a concept has evolved and diffused beyond roots in management and organizational studies since it was first defined by Lawrence and Suddaby (2006). A diverse literature and recent criticism call for an extensive review of the field. We conducted a systematic review of 452 peer-reviewed articles in 185 different journals published from March 2006 to December 2019. Semantic analysis revealed changes in topics over time, the rise of institutional maintenance, and a focus on individuals and agency. Using thematic analysis, we inductively categorized the claimed contributions to institutional work as theory combining, actors, contexts, institutional work types, representations, and methodology. The findings led us to develop an integrative conceptual framework for future institutional work study built around setting, motivations, types, and outcomes. We visualized the discourse around institutional work, growth of key themes from early theorizing, and an original process model.
Book Review – The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power
Authors: Hafermalz Ella
Published: December 2021

Surveillance capitalists like Google and Amazon will do whatever they can to corner supply routes to data about us and our actions. In Zuboff’s lengthy book The age of surveillance capitalism, we learn about the strategic and often underhand means by which these data are captured, and the ‘instrumentarian’ ideology that provides the logic for this enterprise. Zuboff shows that the aim of advertisers and ‘people analytics’ advocates is to use our personal data to determine our behavior. At stake is free will and our ‘right to the future tense’. In this book review, I reflect on Zuboff ’s analysis of how Big Tech, as Big Other, is controlling our lives. I first highlight the prescience of the book’s arguments. I then compare aspects of the book with earlier tomes that were critical of new technology, to argue that taking a deterministic view of peoples’ relationship with technology may inadvertently support the hyped narrative that data analytics and algorithms are all-powerful.
Comparison of Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin and Renal Resistive Index as Acute Kidney Injury Predictor in Critically Ill Patients at ICU H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan
Authors: Ginting Muhammad Aldi Rivai , Hanafie Achsanuddin , Lubis Bastian
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication found in critically ill patients. Current consensus explains that diagnosis of AKI based on increased serum creatinine and decreased urine output. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) level is increased a few hours after tubular damage occurred and can predict AKI more significantly than serum creatinine. Renal resistive index (RRI) is also a good marker in predicting the early stage of AKI.

AIM: This study aimed to compare RRI and NGAL level as marker to predict incidence of AKI in critically ill patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan.

METHODS: This was an observational prospective cohort study and conducted in ICU at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in April-May 2021. This study had been approved by the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Sumatera Utara University and H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Inclusion criteria are critical patients aged 18–65 years with 1st and 2nd priority level. Consecutive sampling was used. Resistive Index (RI) measured using USG Doppler by researcher and the results confirmed by ICU supervisors, while urine NGAL level measured within 3 h after ICU admission. Plasma urea and creatinine level measured after 24h after ICU admission.

RESULTS: A total of 40 samples were collected; percentage of men and women are 66–35%, respectively (p = 0.001). There was a significant difference RI between AKI-group and non-AKI group (0.719 ± 0.060 and 0.060 ± 0.077, respectively) (p = 0.001). RI has a sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 84%, and accuracy of 87% in predicting occurrence of AKI with AUROC = 0.873. Meanwhile, NGAL has a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (66%, 89%, 78%, respectively) in early prediction of AKI incidence in critically ill patients.

CONCLUSION: RI value was higher in AKI group than non-AKI group. RRI has better sensitivity than NGAL in predicting incidence of AKI.
« L’oralité à bras-le-corps ». Clinique sensori-motrice des troubles alimentaires du tout-petit en psychiatrie périnatale
Authors: Rabassa Novélie , Saint Ges Lucie
Published: December 2021

« Mon bébé ne mange pas bien » est un motif de consultation courant en pédiatrie comme en pédopsychiatrie. En psychomotricité, il nous semble alors essentiel d’observer un repas et d’évaluer les compétences sensori-motrices du bébé. Il s’agit aussi d’affiner notre compréhension des appuis et des moyens de régulation fournis par l’entourage. En effet, l’exploration de la bouche, la découverte des sensations, comme les praxies fines, sont indissociables des appuis posturaux et relationnels fournis par les proches. Dans la clinique, ce sont parfois les difficultés d’accordage qui sont au premier plan dans la dyade. Parfois, ce sont les difficultés sensori-motrices qui viennent perturber les ajustements parentaux, les conduites de la bouche et, in fine , l’organisation corporelle du bébé. Dans les deux cas, l’enjeu, en psychomotricité, est avant tout de trouver avec le parent comment il peut prendre son enfant « à bras-le-corps » afin de lui donner les appuis dont il a besoin pour aborder avec plus de plaisir les repas.
Entrée, plat, dessert : le tout à l’hôpital et en famille
Authors: Podlipski Marc-Antoine , Lasfar Malaïka , Apter Gisèle , Gerardin Priscille
Published: December 2021

Le repas familial thérapeutique s’inscrit dans les différentes approches familiales participant au traitement hospitalier et ambulatoire des adolescentes présentant une anorexie mentale. Associant un repas non conventionnel entre famille et soignants, ce temps thérapeutique s’intégrait dans les prises en charge sur notre hôpital depuis près de dix ans et venait conclure, jusqu’à l’année dernière, la prise en charge en hospitalisation d’adolescentes présentant une anorexie mentale sévère. À partir d’une recherche qualitative que nous avons menée, nous proposons de développer les enseignements dans la pratique des soins que cet outil apporte.
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : Psychologie et école, un couple devenu historique
Authors: Marmonier Fabien
Published: December 2021

La psychologie s’est progressivement installée au sein du système scolaire. À travers deux aspects seront abordés les enjeux de la place occupée par la psychologie dans l’École : d’une part, l’évolution de la professionnalisation des psychologues de l’éducation nationale ; d’autre part l’entrée de la recherche en psychologie dans les programmes d’enseignement, à travers l’exemple de la théorie de l’esprit.
Newborn Eye Screening as an Application of AI
Authors: Kumm Jochen
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications are diverse and serve varied functions in clinical practice. The most successful products today are clinical decision tools used by physicians, but autonomous AI is gaining traction. Widespread use of AI is limited in part because of concerns about bias, fault-tolerance, and specificity. Adoption of AI often depends on removing cost and complexity in clinical workflow integration, providing clear incentives for use, and providing clear demonstration of clinical outcome. Existing wide-angle photographic screening could be integrated into the clinical workflow based on prior implementations for premature babies and linked with AI interpretation with existing technology. Incidence of retinal abnormality, clinical considerations, AI performance, grading variation for AI-augmented human grading, and cost and policy aspects play a significant role. Improved outcomes for newborns and a relatively high estimated incidence of abnormality have been named as benefits to counterweigh costs in the long term.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2021;52:S17–S22.]
Epiretinal Membrane from Uncontrolled Gliosis After Inverted ILM Flap Technique for Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Singh Deependra Vikram , Reddy Raja Rami , Sharma Yog Raj , Upadhyay Awaneesh
Published: December 2021

We describe two cases with epiretinal membrane (ERM) from uncontrolled gliosis seen after multilayered inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique for full thickness macular hole (FTMH). Two patients with FTMH who had undergone surgery with inverted ILM flap technique were examined by serial optical coherence tomography scans to evaluate the course of multilayered ILM flaps seen as foveal hyperreflective lesions postoperatively. We observed excessive uncontrolled gliosis over these hyperreflective ILM flaps with ERM formation, along with worsening metamorphopsia and best-corrected visual acuity. Case 1 underwent a repeat surgery for ERM. We report excessive uncontrolled gliosis as a rare complication of multilayered inverted ILM flap technique for FTMH.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:663–665.]
Le Terme Marittime della Marciana e del Sileno, e i balnea ostiensi di Musiciolus e dello Scheletro
Authors: David Massimiliano
Published: December 2021

Le indagini del Progetto Ostia Marina consentono di leggere le trasformazioni del paesaggio marittimo in un ampio arco cronologico, ma anche di osservare i segni delle profonde trasformazioni impresse dalla politica edilizia di Adriano. Il quartiere fuori porta Marina assume per effetto delle direttive imperiali i caratteri di un vero e proprio quartiere del benessere termale. Le Terme della Marciana e le Terme del Sileno – presto riconosciute come le «terme marittime» di Ostia – costituiscono il perno del suburbio. Alla fine del IV secolo la funzionalità termale del quartiere continuerà ad essere assicurata, anche se le preferenze del pubblico si orienteranno, in un contesto socio-culturale profondamente mutato, verso minimali impianti a gestione privata («balnea») per una clientela ormai piuttosto limitata.
Crociate, storiografia e politica: sentieri che si biforcano e destini incrociati
Authors: Barbero Alessandro
Published: December 2021

L’atteggiamento verso le crociate è rivelatore dei mutamenti di sensibilità e di valori lungo tutto l’arco della storia europea: dall’epoca in cui le crociate erano una realtà, e nessuno si sognava di chiamarle così, ai lunghi secoli – dal Tre al Cinquecento – che contrariamente a quel che insegnano i nostri manuali non pensavano affatto che le crociate fossero finite, al Seicento che le ha identificate come oggetto di storia ed esaltate come grandi imprese, al Settecento illuminista che se ne è fatto beffe, per arrivare alla riscoperta del concetto di crociata come elemento mobilizzatore e legittimante, nato già nell’Ottocento, ripreso nelle guerre ideologiche del Novecento e non del tutto spento neppure oggi.
Universitas studiorum: i miti di fondazione delle università
Authors: Roversi Monaco Francesca
Published: December 2021

Jan Assmann, in un celebre studio sulla memoria culturale, ha elaborato il concetto di «storia fondante», di storia che struttura memoria e identità, all’interno della quale i miti fondatori rivestono un ruolo centrale, poiché sono la principale espressione del bisogno insopprimibile di ogni organizzazione umana di fondare – appunto – la propria identità e perpetuarla, legittimandola attraverso il riferimento a un passato, naturalmente mitico e glorioso. I miti di fondazione dell’universitas studiorum riflettono, ugualmente, tale insopprimibile bisogno identitario, nello specifico dell’istituzione intellettuale e scientifica che, sviluppatasi nell’Occidente medievale, è divenuta uno dei luoghi elettivi dell’irradiazione nel mondo dei saperi e delle conoscenze umane. Partendo dall’analisi del IX Centenario dell’Università di Bologna, il saggio si propone di analizzare quanto tale mito fondatore, che affonda le sue radici nell’XI e XII secolo, dunque nel pieno Medioevo europeo, grazie all’elaborazione della Magna Charta e della Bologna Declaration continui a influire sull’European Higher Education Area e, dunque, sull’Europa della conoscenza e della scienza, attraverso una riflessione sul Middle Ages in the Modern World che non si esaurisce nella dimensione mitico-leggendaria di un Medioevo atemporale e, alle volte, superficiale ma che si avvalga della sua asincronia per connettere in modo profondo passato e presente.
Reimagining Higher Education as Response to Ongoing Crises
Authors: Larsen Tamar Davis
Published: December 2021

College students and professors have experienced dramatic change in how they are able to attend and participate in classes, convey information, interact with one another, and teach in a meaningful, dynamic way. This chapter explores what worked and what did not work during this shift to online teaching as universities in the United States closed down for almost all in-person classes. Research includes narrative identity, with data derived from collecting stories of the lived experience during COVID-19. Topics explored are issues of how higher education relates to the traditional U.S. college experience, ethics, leadership, money, equitable technology, and mental health. Suggestions will be presented in terms of what can be learned from this particular crisis that can be enacted in framing better practices in higher education as future domestic and global crises emerge.
Motivation in Online Learning
Authors: Orakcı Şenol , Dilekli Yalçın
Published: December 2021

Online learning is accepted as an effective educational learning process that can respond to rapidly and constantly changing learner needs. Increasing the quality of online learning is an important point to be addressed. Within this context, motivation in online learning that affects what learners will learn, how they will learn, and when they will learn is one of the most important components because the motivation of learners has a very important place in terms of achieving desired goals in the learning and teaching process. It is not easy to continuously motivate learners in online learning process over a long period. Creating the motivation of everyone involved in the learning and teaching process is very important in terms of the efficiency and quality of the process. Within the context of a theoretical framework, “motivation,” “motivation process,” “types of motivation,” “internal motivation,” “extrinsic motivation,” “the importance of motivation in education,” and “motivation in online learning” were addressed in the present study.
Fatores associados à hanseníase em agentes comunitários de saúde da região amazônica
Authors: Lemos Siqueira Murilo , Júnior Miri Tadeu , Rogério Gonçalves Duarte Felipe , Rodrigues Rezende Naves Gabriel , Do Prado Borges Mariana , Dias Monteiro Lorena
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: investigar os fatoresassociadosàocorrência/incidência de hanseníase em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), em Palmas, Tocantins. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado mediante a aplicação de questionário para 301 ACS entre os anos de 2017 e 2018, em Palmas, Tocantins. Realizou-se análise bivariada com a aplicação do teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson e o cálculo das razões de prevalência (RP) com intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC 95%). Resultados: a idade média dos ACS foi de 47 anos, com mínima de 20 e máxima de 67 anos. As razões de chance significativamente associadas foram idade ≥ 36 anos (RC:3,65 IC:1,58-8,44), mulheres (RC:2,58 IC:1,16-5,75), UBS localizada fora do plano diretor (RC:2,22 IC:1,37-3,59), renda familiar inferior a 2 salários mínimos (RC:3,50 IC:2,14-5,74), entre 10 e 18 anos de tempo de serviço como ACS (RC:3,04 IC:1,46-6,32), ter capacitação para hanseníase (RC:2,41 IC:1,24-4,69), maior número de casos de hanseníase acompanhados no território (RC:2,59 IC:1,36-4,94) e naturalidade de outro estado (RC:1,67 IC:1,05-2,67). Ter história familiar foi o único fator associado independente (OR:1,83 IC:1,10-3,02). Conclusão: a hanseníase em ACS foi associada a desfavoráveis condições sociodemográficas, maior experiência com o assunto, tendo como fator isolado ter um familiar doente, de menor renda e que acompanhou mais casos.
Fatores potenciais para desenvolvimento de doença renal em adolescentes e jovens: revisão integrativa/ Potential factors for the development of kidney disease in adolescents and young people: integrative review
Authors: Brum dos Santos de Siqueira Francielle , Cammarano Ribeiro Aline , Tatsch Neves Eliane
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: identificar evidências científicas acerca dos fatores potenciais para o desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica em adolescentes e jovens. Método: revisão integrativa,  utilizando uma ficha de seleção para extração dos dados das pesquisas nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde,  National Library of Medicine e Web Of Science, acessada via portal Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, no período de agosto de 2021, o que incluiu 12 artigos. A análise dos resultados da revisão ocorreu  a partir da síntese de cada estudo primário. Resultados: as evidências científicas apontaram, como fatores potenciais para o desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica em adolescentes e jovens, as doenças crônicas, como diabetes, hipertensão, obesidade, e os fatores de risco, como uso de analgésicos, sobrepeso, baixo peso ao nascer e prematuridade. Conclusão: concluiu-se que é necessário um acompanhamento, a partir de estratégias coletivas ou individuais de educação em saúde, desses adolescentes, jovens e suas famílias, pois as doenças crônicas e fatores de risco podem ser prevenidos ou controlados.
Perfil, evolução e desfecho dos pacientes atendidos pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência1/Profile, evolution and outcome of patients served by the mobile emergency care service1
Authors: Silva Cyrino Claudia Maria , Queiroz Dell’Acqua Magda Cristina , Deodato Sergio , Casquel Monti Juliani Carmen Maria , Masquetto Vieira de Almeida Priscila , Novelli e Castro Meire Cristina , Carvalho Nunes Helio Rubens
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar perfil, evolução e desfecho dos pacientes atendidos pelo SAMU 192. Método: estudo transversal, exploratório e descritivo. A amostra constou dados de 600 pacientes adultos, atendidos no ano de 2015 pelo SAMU e encaminhados para outro serviço de saúde. Realizou-se análise descritiva para identificar o perfil da população, a evolução e o desfecho intra-hospitalar; teste de correlação entre o tempo resposta no serviço pré-hospitalar e o tempo de internação; e regressão logística múltipla entre o tempo resposta e o desfecho. Utilizou-se p<0,05 como nível de significância. Resultados: predominaram o atendimento de ocorrências clínicas, o sexo masculino e a média de idade de 55,5 anos. Após o atendimento pré-hospitalar, 50,2% dos pacientes permaneceram em observação e 34,8% precisaram de internação hospitalar. O tempo resposta pré-hospitalar apresentou correlação positiva com o tempo de internação. O principal desfecho foi a alta médica, sendo que 41% deles foram encaminhados para continuidade do tratamento. Conclusão: a análise mostrou um perfil de atendimentos a pacientes com idade média de 55 anos e acometidos por doenças de natureza clínica que necessitaram de encaminhamento a uma unidade de saúde, permanecendo em observação hospitalar por até 12h. Esses resultados são importantes para o embasamento de protocolos de fluxo assistencial na RUE, a fim de diminuir a sobrecarga dos serviços terciários.
Perfil de pacientes que concluíram o tratamento poliquimioterápico da hanseníase: um estudo transversal
Authors: Costa Pinheiro Mônica Gisele , Albino Simpson Clélia , Parreira Mendes Felismina Rosa , Nunes de Miranda Francisco Arnoldo
Published: December 2021

Introdução: a hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa que prevalece como problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico, de tratamento e clínico de pacientes que concluíram o tratamento poliquimioterápico para a hanseníase. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido de novembro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 no município de Natal. A população-alvo foi constituída por 113 indivíduos cadastrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e a amostra por 90, que foram notificados para a hanseníase e concluíram o tratamento poliquimioterápico, selecionados por sorteio. Os dados foram coletados por formulário, tabulados e analisados pelo SPSS 21. Quanto ao teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, não se observou uma distribuição de normalidade dos achados, optando-se por trabalhar com testes não paramétricos: qui-quadrado de Pearson (ou exato de Fisher) e o teste de Mann-Whitney.  Resultados: predominaram indivíduos do sexo feminino, até 59 anos, com baixa renda, baixo grau de escolaridade, tratados nos centros de referência e classificados como paucibacilares. Conclusão: as condições de vulnerabilidade associada à predominância de casos tratados nos centros de referência reforçam a necessidade de organização da atenção básica para acompanhamento dos casos de hanseníase.
Class Ib MHC–Mediated Immune Interactions Play a Critical Role in Maintaining Mucosal Homeostasis in the Mammalian Large Intestine
Authors: Dasgupta Suryasarathi , Maricic Igor , Tang Jay , Wandro Stephen , Weldon Kelly , Carpenter Carolina S , Eckmann Lars , Rivera-Nieves Jesus , Sandborn William , Knight Rob , Dorrestein Peter , Swafford Austin D , Kumar Vipin
Published: December 2021

Lymphocytes within the intestinal epithelial layer (IEL) in mammals have unique composition compared with their counterparts in the lamina propria. Little is known about the role of some of the key colonic IEL subsets, such as TCRαβ+CD8+ T cells, in inflammation. We have recently described liver-enriched innate-like TCRαβ+CD8αα regulatory T cells, partly controlled by the non-classical MHC molecule, Qa-1b, that upon adoptive transfer protect from T cell–induced colitis. In this study, we found that TCRαβ+CD8αα T cells are reduced among the colonic IEL during inflammation, and that their activation with an agonistic peptide leads to significant Qa-1b–dependent protection in an acute model of colitis. Cellular expression of Qa-1b during inflammation and corresponding dependency in peptide-mediated protection suggest that Batf3-dependent CD103+CD11b− type 1 conventional dendritic cells control the protective function of TCRαβ+CD8αα T cells in the colonic epithelium. In the colitis model, expression of the potential barrier-protective gene, Muc2, is enhanced upon administration of a Qa-1b agonistic peptide. Notably, in steady state, the mucin metabolizing Akkermansia muciniphila was found in significantly lower abundance amid a dramatic change in overall microbiome and metabolome, increased IL-6 in explant culture, and enhanced sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium in Qa-1b deficiency. Finally, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, we found upregulation of HLA-E, a Qa-1b analog with inflammation and biologic non-response, in silico, suggesting the importance of this regulatory mechanism across species.
Enhanced Calcium Signal Induces NK Cell Degranulation but Inhibits Its Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Li Yang , Yu Minghang , Yin Jie , Yan Han , Wang Xi
Published: December 2021

Although the mechanism of NK cell activation is still unclear, the strict calcium dependence remains the hallmark for lytic granule secretion. A plethora of studies claiming that impaired Ca2+ signaling leads to severely defective cytotoxic granule exocytosis accompanied by weak target cell lysis has been published. However, there has been little discussion about the effect of induced calcium signal on NK cell cytotoxicity. In our study, we observed that small-molecule inhibitor UNC1999, which suppresses global H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) of human NK cells, induced a PKD2-dependent calcium signal. Enhanced calcium entry led to unbalanced vesicle release, which resulted into fewer target cells acquiring lytic granules and subsequently being killed. Further analyses revealed that the ability of conjugate formation, lytic synapse formation, and granule polarization were normal in NK cells treated with UNC1999. Cumulatively, these data indicated that induced calcium signal exclusively enhances unbalanced degranulation that further inhibits their cytotoxic activity in human NK cells.
Effect of Peptide Dose on Radiation Dosimetry for Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with 177Lu-DOTATOC
Authors: Prasad Vikas , Prasad Sonal , Lehnert Wencke , Brenner Winfried , Kai Huang , Bronzel Marcus , Kluge Andreas
Published: December 2021

Background:

Optimal peptide concentration in treatment with 177Lu-DOTATOC/DOTATATE is a matter of debate. Most of the studies with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy mention peptide dose ranging between 100 and 250 μg. The aim of this is to identify possible differences in radiation-absorbed doses (D/Gy) to tumor and kidney as a function of the peptide mass dose in order to identify the most suitable peptide dose for treatment. The therapeutic index (Dtumor/Dkidneys) was assessed as a key parameter for the treatment response.

Materials and Methods:

Five patients with metastasized Grade 1 to Grade 2 neuroendocrine tumor were analyzed in this study. Patients (n = 4) received two cycles of treatment with intravenously injected 177Lu-DOTATOC containing peptide mass doses of 200 μg and 90 μg, alternatively; one patient was treated with 90 μg peptide mass in both the therapy cycles. Whole-body (head to mid-thigh) three-dimensional single-photon emission computerized tomography (3D SPECT)/CT images were acquired at 1, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h following the injection of 177Lu-DOTATOC. Attenuation correction for 3D SPECT images was performed using CT data acquired and fused with the SPECT data (SPECT/CT).

Results:

Overall, 28 target lesions (liver n = 17, lung n = 4, lymph nodes n = 1, and bone n = 2) were analyzed after 1st and 2nd therapy cycles. Tumor normalized absorbed doses varied by a factor of 74 between 0.35 and 26 mGy/MBq. Averaged over all patients, a higher normalized mean tumor dose (10.51 mGy/MBq) was achieved for a peptide dose of 200 μg compared to 90 μg (4.58 mGy/MBq). Kidneys doses varied by a factor of up to 4 between patients (0.25–1.0 mGy/MBq) (independent of dose cycle and peptide dose) and by a factor of up to 2 between dose cycles. The mean kidney dose was 13.7% higher for the 90 μg peptide dose compared to 200 μg. Given the higher tumor dose, the mean therapeutic index of a 200 μg mass dose was considerably higher (16.95), compared to a 90 μg mass dose (9.63). This coincided with the observation, that lesion volume reduction was more pronounced after an initial treatment with a 200 μg mass dose. Biologically effective dose was only 5. 1%–19.3% higher than the absorbed dose for individual dose cycles.

Conclusions:

Higher peptide dose of 200 μg appears to be more suitable than 90 μg in terms of tumor dose, kidney dose, and therapeutic index for treatment with 177Lu-DOTATOC.
Pulmonary Embolism as Post-COVID-19 Sequelae
Authors: Sitani Keerti , Verma Priyanka , Rao Ramesh D. , Chandak Ashok , Asopa Ramesh V
Published: December 2021

We present the case of a 41-year-old male, suspected to have pulmonary thromboembolism with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection 1 month ago. He presented with dyspnea and dry cough for 2 weeks. D-dimer was >776.70 mcg/L. Lung perfusion scan with Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin revealed multiple bilateral segmental perfusion defects with no mass lesion/consolidation on high-resolution computed tomography (CT) of lungs suggestive of pulmonary embolism (PE) present according to perfusion only modified PIOPED II criteria. CT pulmonary angiogram showed a large filling defect in the right pulmonary artery. The case emphasizes the prolonged sequelae following COVID-19 after recovery from the acute phase of the illness. Lung perfusion scintigraphy can play an important role in the screening of such patients who may be at risk for developing PE as post-COVID-19 sequelae.
Clinical-Diagnostic Relevance of Breast “Incidentaloma” Detected During 18F-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Panareo Stefano , Urso Luca , Nieri Alberto , Caracciolo Matteo , Valpiani Giorgia , Torricelli Pietro , Frassoldati Antonio , Cittanti Corrado , Rollo Marco , Bartolomei Mirco
Published: December 2021

Aim:

This study aims to study the clinical-diagnostic relevance of incidental breast uptake (“incidentaloma”) on 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) scan performed for other indications and to correlate it with radiological imaging and histopathology.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated 3675 FDG-PET scans, identifying 43 patients with breast “incidentaloma.” Thirty of these findings were further investigated with clinical examination, mammography (MMX), UltraSound (US) and/or magnetic resonance (MR). Cases suspected for malignancy underwent US-guided macro-biopsy (USMB) or MR-guided biopsy. Correlations between FDG-PET, radiology findings, age, and histopathology were evaluated.

Results:

patients who performed both US and MMX were 19. Ten consequently underwent USMB, one MR-guided biopsy, the remaining 8 were not further investigated. Nine patients had a diagnosis of malignancy. Among 11 patients who performed only US and consequently, USMB 6 had a diagnosis of malignancy. Histopathology of the 22 patients with both morphological and glucometabolic alterations showed different types of benign or malignant neoplasia, with a cumulative 68.2% incidence of malignancy. Seven lesions showed a SUVmax >2.5, while the remaining 15 a SUVmax <2.5. There was no statistically significant correlation between SUVmax and histology, therefore SUVmax parameter should not be used to discriminate between benign and malignant findings. No significant correlation between patient age and tumor characterization was found.

Conclusions:

incidental mammary uptake during an FDG-PET scan may represent a clue suggesting to investigate PET findings. In this subset of patients, early diagnosis may lead to a change in clinical management with a favorable impact on prognosis and a significant reduction in healthcare costs.
Correlation between Reference Tissue Normalized 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Standardized Uptake Value Max of Nodal and Extranodal Sites in Lymphomas
Authors: Pallavi Mannam , Murali Arunan , Periakaruppan Gokulakrishnan , Easwaramoorthy Venkatachalapathy , Mohanarangam Venkata Sai Pulivadula
Published: December 2021

Context:

Extranodal (EN) lymphomas involve sites other than lymph nodes (LNs), spleen, thymus, and the pharyngeal lymphatic ring. The highest standardized uptake value (SUV) max of the LN can aid in the diagnosis of EN site lymphomatous infiltrations over inflammation or infection especially when there are no contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) changes.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to find the significance of correlation between absolute SUVmax and mediastinal blood pool (mbSUVmax) and liver (lvSUVmax) normalized SUVmax of EN sites and the most fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avid LN in patients with primary and secondary EN involvement in Non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective study of 70 patients with histopathologically proven lymphoma in whom 18F-FDG positron emission tomography CT was performed for pretherapy staging.

Materials and Methods:

Images were used to detect EN sites of disease and SUVmax of mediastinal blood pool, liver, highest SUVmax LN, and highest SUVmax EN site were calculated.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation (r) was used to correlate the highest SUV max of LN and EN site and corresponding highest blood pool corrected and liver corrected SUV max. In view of small sample size, t-test for paired samples at 5% and 10% significance was conducted to validate the findings. Two-tailed t-test for independent samples was also used to compare means of SUVmax values between data grouped according to gender and lymphoma subtype (Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma).

Results:

r = 0.54 for the highest LN SUVmax-highest EN SUVmax values and on further validation by one- and two-tailed paired t-test at significance levels of 5% and 10%, P = 0.00052 and 0.00103 respectively which denoted significant positive and moderate correlation. r = 0.59 for highest LN lvSUVmax-highest EN vSUVmax and P = 0.00032 and 0.00065 showing positive and moderate correlation. r = 0 0.82 for highest LN mbSUVmax-highest EN mbSUVmax values and P = 0.00034 and 0.00068 revealing positive and strong correlation.

Conclusion:

Significant positive and strong correlation exists between nodal and EN mbsUVmax. This is stronger than the correlation between nodal and EN absolute SUVmax and lvSUVmax. Since normalization of lesion SUVmax to reference tissues reduces the variability of SUV, this can be a useful adjunct to determine whether high SUVmax of the EN site is due to lymphomatous infiltration.
Antiproliferative, apoptotic, and antimutagenic properties of stem bark and seed fractions of Polyalthia cerasoides (Roxb.)
Authors: Ravikumar Y. S. , Mahadevan K. M. , Usha B. M. , Manjunatha H.
Published: December 2021

Aims:

The aim was to compare the anticancer and antimutagenic potency of Polyalthia cerasoides seeds and stem bark.

Aim of the Study:

The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative, apoptotic, antioxidation to DNA, and antimutagenic activity of alcoholic (PS-1 and PS-3) and petroleum ether (PS-2 and PS-4) stem bark and seed fractions of P. cerasoides.

Methods:

P. cerasoides stem bark and seeds were extracted with ethanol: water mixture (9:1 ratio v: v) and fractionated with petroleum ether. Fractions were investigated for antiproliferative effect using cell by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole assay (cell line used liver [HepG2] and cervical [HeLa] cancer cell lines), DNA damage protection using hydroxyl radical and antimutagenic effect using chromosome aberration test.

Results:

PS-1 (IC50 10 μg/ml) and PS-3 (IC50 11 μg/ml) showed maximum antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cell lines, whereas, PS-1 (IC50 10 μg/ml), PS-2 (IC50 24 μg/ml), and PS-3 (IC50 11 μg/ml) showed better antiproliferative activity against HeLa cell lines. PS-3 and PS-4 were protective against oxidation to the supercoiled DNA molecule. Further, petroleum ether extract of both seed (PS-2) and stem bark (PS-4) showed good antimutagenicity as revealed by the less chromosomal aberrations compared to PS-1 and PS-3 fractions.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated the beneficial effect of fractions against oxidation of DNA, antiproliferative, apoptotic, and antimutagenic activity. Probably, this property would be attributable by their phenolic and steroid constituents. Therefore, this plant could be used as a potential source of nutraceutical agents.
Lymphomas of the head-and-neck region
Authors: Kamiński Bartlomiej
Published: December 2021

Background:

Lymphomas of the head and neck are always a challenge for an ENT specialist whose goal is to make a quick diagnosis.

Aim:

Accordingly, clinical and epidemiological analysis of head-and-neck lymphoma was performed to approximate diagnostic difficulties.

Materials and Methods:

The diagnosed patients with head-and-neck lymphoma in our center were assessed in 2012–2019.

Results:

The study group included 22 patients with head-and-neck lymphoma including 20 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 2 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). NHL showed symptoms in the lymph nodes of the neck, tonsils, parotid gland, and the orbit. HL showed exclusive manifestation in the lymph nodes of the neck and tonsils.

Conclusions:

Uncharacteristic symptoms of lymphoma are always a challenge for the ENT specialist whose task is to quickly determine the diagnosis that forms the basis for further treatment. Interview, physical examination, imaging, and laboratory tests can only be suggestions for the diagnosis or exclusion of lymphoma; always, the decisive test is histopathological examination of the lymph node or a fragment of the affected organ.
Endometrial stromal sarcoma with sex cord differentiation
Authors: Sinha Ruchi , Jamal Iffat , Sinha Ranwir Kumar , Anant Monika
Published: December 2021

Endometrial stromal sarcoma with sex cord differentiation is a very unusual neoplasm affecting the uterine cavity with an incidence of only 0.25%. They can cause difficulties in diagnosis due to it is histologic appearance and rarity of occurrence. Histopathological diagnosis still remains the cornerstone of diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry and molecular studies are also very helpful. We report a case of a 47-year-old patient who was diagnosed clinically and radiologically as intramural leiomyoma, but on histopathology examination and immunohistochemically proved to be endometrial stromal sarcoma with sex cord differentiation.
Follicular T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Lisa Mona , Verma Pranab Kumar , Nishi  , Shuchismita  , Hussain Md Anwar
Published: December 2021

Follicular T-cell lymphoma is a recently described, rare neoplasm with the true incidence still unknown. It is a lymph node-based tumor in which the node shows a follicular pattern of growth. Immunohistochemistry confirms the cells of origin to be follicular helper T-cells and thus plays an important role in the diagnosis of the tumor. We report a case of follicular variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, which was erroneously reported as Hodgkin lymphoma on fine-needle aspiration, and follicular lymphoma on hematoxylin and eosin.
Use it or Lose it – Sarcopenia and Physical Activity
Authors: Rudra Shivangi
Published: December 2021

Sarcopenia is a geriatric disease characterized by a marked loss of muscle mass and strength. This has led to it being recognized for the role it plays in elderly morbidity and mortality. It is a multifactorial disease with many mechanisms to how it comes about. So far, increasing physical activity has proven to be the best therapeutic agent. Exercise is capable of increasing flow of nutrition to muscle, reversing mitochondrial damage, increasing muscle mass, and strength. Furthermore, resistance training has been shown to be superior to aerobic training when it comes to increasing muscle mass and strength. Additionally, exercise plays a role in both prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, especially in a background of adequate nutrition. With increasing age, the effect of exercise is also subjected to issues such as anabolic resistance that can make increasing muscle mass and strength more challenging. However, physical activity and exercise remain the most important components of improving muscular strength.
Use of Clinical Frailty Scale in Acute Care Settings as a Predictor of in-Hospital and Short-Term Mortality in Older Adults with Severe Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Singhal Sunny , Rao Akshata , Jyani Sunil , Jamshed Nayer , Aggarwal Praveen , Chakrawarty Avinash , Dey Aparajit Ballav
Published: December 2021

Background:

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues with its high mortality in older adults, there is a need to find better outcome predictors in such patients. The use of frailty as outcome predictors in the acute-care settings may help in providing more care to the high-risk patients. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the use of frailty measurement in the emergency department as an in-hospital and short-term outcome predictor in older patients admitted with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI).

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in India from May 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020. All older patients presenting with SARI were assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale at presentation by the emergency medicine residents who were trained by a geriatrician. Patients were followed up telephonically till January 31, 2021.

Results:

A total of 100 patients were recruited (mean age-71.5 years, males-61%, and 75 years or older-40%). Of these patients, 44% were found to be frail. Overall, 50% were SARS-CoV-2 positive. Frail patients had higher in-hospital (47.7% vs. 41.1%) and short-term mortality (67.6% vs. 54.7%); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Duration of hospitalization was also not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions:

Frailty among older SARI patients (with or without COVID-19 infection) was associated with higher in-hospital and long-term mortality, although the results were not statistically significant. Larger multicentric studies are needed to further explore this.
Perceived Dental Needs and Barriers to Utilization of Dental Services Among Elders in India – A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari N. G. , Usha G. V. , Lakshminarayan Nagesh
Published: December 2021

Background:

The population of geriatric patients in India is increasing, and the uneven geographic distribution of dentists and the various age-related factors are likely to pose an oral health challenge in the near future.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess perceived needs and identify and describe the barriers associated with oral health service utilization among the elderly population aged 65–74 years in Davangere city.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional door-to-door survey using a self-designed, structured, validated questionnaire was carried out with a sample of 1440 elders. They were randomly selected through multistage sampling technique. Information regarding demographic details, systemic conditions, oral hygiene practices, perceived need, utilization rate of dental services, and factors acting as barriers for the utilization of dental services among the elderly were collected. Chi-square test and Pearson correlation were applied.

Results:

About 70.5% of the subjects had utilized the dental services in their lifetime, but only 41.4% had utilized in the previous year. Fifty percent of the elders perceived a problem in their oral cavity. Most of our respondents suffered from more than one chronic disease and had utilized the dental services. The cost of treatment, nonsuitability of location of clinic, indirect cost due to transport, the appointment system, and no availability of services on weekends acted as the important barriers to utilize the dental services.

Conclusion:

Financial constraint and lack of perceiving dental problems as severe acted as major barriers. Preventive oral hygiene measures tailored to meet the unique needs of the individual patient are essential.
Association between Consumption of Carbonated Beverages and Dental Erosion – A Systematic Review
Authors: Panda Abhijit , Rath Hemamalini , Mahapatra Shilpa , Mishra Manikesh
Published: December 2021

Diet and nutritional factors affects oral health in multiple ways. Carbonated beverages have an inherent acidity due to the presence of carbonic acid, phosphoric acid and citric acid that are added to stimulate taste. Dental Erosion is an irreversible loss of dental hard tissues by a chemical process without bacterial involvement. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of carbonated beverages with dental erosion. MEDLINE, Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched for articles published between January 2000 to March 2020. Observational studies reporting odds ratios for comparing the risk of dental erosion in patients reporting a frequent consumption of carbonated drink versus those with infrequent consumption were included for review. Studies not reporting odds ratio or with insufficient information to calculate odds ratio were excluded from the study. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the studies. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. A total of 20978 participants from 21 cross sectional studies and 1 cohort study were included in the analysis. The pooled crude odds ratio (19 studies) was found out to be 1.44 (95% CI, 1.23–1.68) and pooled adjusted odd ratio (12 studies) was found out to be 1.86(95% CI, 1.42–2.42). Several clinical and methodological variation among the studies contributed to statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 69%, P ≤ 0.01 for crude odds ratio and I2 = 88%, P ≤ 0.01 for adjusted odds ratio). This systematic review study demonstrates statistically significant associations between consumption of carbonated beverages and dental erosion. Because of the high clinical and methodological heterogeneity estimated pooled effect cannot be relied upon.
Prevalence of Gingivitis and Associated Factors in 619-Year-Old Children in Rudraprayag District, Uttarakhand
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Saxena Vartika , Naithani Manisha
Published: December 2021

Background:

Gingivitis is the most prevalent oral disease among children with a strong influence of social gradients. To date, its studies in the Uttarakhand state are scarce and inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic parameters of gingivitis and its association with sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in the 6–19-year-old children in Uttarakhand state.

Materials and Methods:

Cross-sectional data from 1400 children 6–19 years old from Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand, were analyzed. Sociodemographic status and oral hygiene habits were assessed by questionnaires answered by parents and children. Oral health status and anthropometric examination of each participant were also conducted. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to evaluate relationships between gingivitis and risk factors.

Results:

The prevalence of gingivitis was 20.0% of which 5.4% of children had severe gingivitis affecting gums around more than 6 teeth. Older children (>12 years), children with good oral hygiene habits, and normally aligned teeth with Angle's Class 1 occlusion displayed better gingival conditions, whereas, poor Socioeconomic status had a negative effect on gingival health.

Conclusions:

As compared to other states of the country, the prevalence of gingivitis was lower in Uttarakhand. The children belonging to lower socioeconomic status and who do not brush daily were more frequently affected by gingivitis. Children with maligned teeth (crowding or spacing), and Angle's Class 2 and 3 occlusions had a high prevalence of gingivitis.
Awareness Among Dental Practitioners About Oil Pulling – Its Effect on the Corona Virus and Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: Reddy Upasana Jayaram , Hegde Mithra N , Rao Mallikarjuna , Shetty Aditya , Shetty Jayarama , Saha Nidhi
Published: December 2021

Background:

The ongoing pandemic has posed limitations to dental practice. In the current scenario of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many patients present with symptoms like burning of the eyes, nose, throat, xerostomia, and mouth ulcers. For this, the Ministry of AYUSH is promoting oil pulling as a preventive measure.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to increase the awareness and confidence of dental practitioners in prescribing a simple technique for ameliorating common symptoms of COVID-19 infection – by oil pulling, in routine clinical practice.

Methods:

This study entailed designing a standardized web-based questionnaire for conducting a survey among dental practitioners from all specializations. Here, 100 participants answered 14 questions related to the role of oil pulling in treating oral symptoms common among COVID-19 patients and immunocompromised radiation patients. Statistical analysis was carried out after receiving all responses. Frequencies and percentages were calculated.

Results:

The results of the present survey indicated that 8.6% of total participants had good awareness (>16 Qs); 56.3% of total participants showed moderate awareness (10–16 Qs); while 35.2% had poor awareness (<10 Qs).

Conclusion:

Oil pulling can be deemed as an effective method of treating oral symptoms of COVID-19. Dentists should acquire adequate knowledge regarding the role and importance of this simple preventive measure.