bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Waiver of Certain Intellectual Property Rights Provisions of the TRIPS for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID-19: A Review of the Proposal under WTO Jurisprudence
Authors: Zaman Khorsed
Published: January 2022

This article is a critical legal analysis of the proposed TRIPS waiver under World Trade Organization (WTO) law. It reviews the existing TRIPS flexibilities and the “August 2003 TRIPS waiver”, highlighting the obstacles to achieving the goals of these legal instruments. It demonstrates that numerous critical TRIPS flexibilities, notably TRIPS Article 31bis, are ineffective, prompting some countries to submit a new waiver proposal to the WTO. It highlights several WTO rules that are also quite ambiguous. This paper argues that a WTO clarification might be an alternative to the new TRIPS waiver proposal if it is ultimately rejected due to a lack of consensus among WTO members. Finally, this article emphasises the importance of adopting a balanced approach that may simplify complicated TRIPS rules, decrease the risk of trade-based retaliation and improve collaboration in knowledge transfer and scaling up the manufacture of and access to lifesaving vaccines, pharmaceuticals and healthcare equipment.
Fatigue chronique: quand suspecter une maladie héréditaire du métabolisme?
Authors: Tankeu Aurel T. , Tran Christel
Published: January 2022

Résumé. La fatigue chronique est un symptôme peu spécifique, fréquent en consultation ambulatoire de l’adulte. Une fatigue physique persistante, d’étiologie indéterminée après élimination des causes courantes, doit faire évoquer des maladies rares telles que les erreurs innées du métabolisme (EIM). La principale caractéristique de la fatigue chronique dans les EIM est son caractère dynamique, aggravée par les situations entrainant une augmentation du métabolisme telles que l’effort physique, le froid, le jeûne ou un stress biologique. Devant de tels indices cliniques, il est important d’entreprendre une démarche diagnostique orientée permettant d’identifier les patients susceptibles d’avoir une EIM afin de les orienter vers un centre spécialisé. Les EIM entrainant une fatigue chronique sont les myopathies métaboliques, notamment les glycogénoses musculaires, les troubles de la béta-oxydation des acides gras et les maladies mitochondriales. Des analyses biochimiques et/ou moléculaires spécifiques permettent de poser le diagnostic et de mettre en place une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire.
Social Media as Source of Information, Stress Symptoms, and Burden Caused by Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Brailovskaia Julia , Margraf Jürgen , Schneider Silvia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. This cross-national study investigated the extent of social media use (SMU) as a source of information about COVID-19, and its relationship with the experienced burden caused by the pandemic. Representative data from eight countries (France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, the UK, the USA) were collected online (end of May to the beginning of June 2020). Of the overall 8,302 participants, 48.1% frequently used social media (SM) as a COVID-19 information source (range: 31.8% in Germany, to 65.4% in Poland). In the overall samples and in all country-specific samples, regression analyses revealed the experienced burden caused by COVID-19 to be positively associated with SMU and stress symptoms. Furthermore, stress symptoms partly mediated the relationship between SMU and the burden. The results emphasize the significant association between the use of SM as a source of information, individual emotional state, and behavior during the pandemic, as well as the significance of conscious and accurate use of SM specifically during the COVID-19 outbreak.
The Signature of Metasomatized Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle in the Basaltic Magmatism of the Payenia Volcanic Province, Argentina
Authors: Chilson‐Parks Benjamin H. , Calabozo Fernando M. , Saal Alberto E. , Wang Zhengrong , Mallick Soumen , Petrinovic Ivan A. , Frey Frederick A.
Published: January 2022

The Payenia region of Argentina (34.5–38°S) is a large Pliocene‐Quaternary volcanic province of basaltic compositions in the Andean Cordillera foothills representing the northernmost extent of back‐arc volcanism in the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ). Although the chemical diversity of the Payenia basalts has been characterized previously, the processes and sources responsible for such variation remain controversial. Here, we report new whole‐rock major and trace element concentrations, Sr‐, Nd‐, Hf‐, and Pb‐isotope ratios and high‐precision olivine oxygen‐isotope ratios in a suite of 35 alkaline basalts from Payenia. These lavas have major and trace elements that define a compositional range from arc‐influenced to intraplate signature. Variable crustal contamination and/or recent slab‐derived inputs inadequately account for elemental and isotopic systematics and spatial compositional variations of Payenia lavas. We present a simple forward model indicating that early metasomatism and subsequent melting of the metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) has significantly contributed to the Payenia lava compositional range. Isotopic ingrowth calculations of radiogenic Sr, Nd, Hf, and Pb suggest that the SCLM metasomatism occurred at 50–150 Ma, consistent with the timing of the breakup of Gondwana and the development of the proto‐Pacific Andean arc. Variations in δ18Oolivine values from modeled melts indicate that the metasomatism and melting within the SCLM can fractionate oxygen isotopes even when the metasomatizing melt has MORB‐like δ18O values, providing a different explanation for the low‐δ18O signatures observed in continental arc settings.
Spatial Variation and Frequency Dependence of Lg Wave Attenuation With Site Response Correction Along the CCSE Array in Central California, US
Authors: Yun Jeena , Kim YoungHee , Clayton Robert W.
Published: January 2022

We estimate lateral Lg wave attenuation (Q) structure at four center frequencies (0.75, 1, 2 and 2.75 Hz) along the Central California Seismic Experiment array in western US crossing the San Andreas Fault and Central Valley. We take two steps in constructing the site‐response‐corrected Lg Q model: (a) we compute relative site responses at each station using the reverse two‐station method, and (b) we estimate Q values based on the two‐station method after removing the site term. Removal of the site response in the Q model allows to probe laterally varying Q properties at mid‐to‐lower crustal depths. Our model follows a power‐law frequency dependence as , reflecting the active tectonic setting and the presence of fluids in the region. A change in lithology from softer sediments near Pacific coast to harder basements near Sierra Nevada correlates well with the increasing trend of the Lg Q values towards east. Our laterally varying estimates at lower frequencies generally follow the variation of shear‐wave velocities at deeper crustal depth and Moho temperature, whereas those at higher frequencies mostly follow the shear‐wave velocity variation at shallow depth. Positive site responses obtained by reverse two‐station method are found at 34 stations out of total 46 stations examined, and their responses are mostly correlated with surficial lithology (i.e., sedimentary rocks) along the profile, rather than the thickness of the sediments. The site responses also exhibit a strong negative correlation to the VS30 data.
Uncertainty in Aerosol Optical Depth From Modern Aerosol‐Climate Models, Reanalyses, and Satellite Products
Authors: Vogel Annika , Alessa Ghazi , Scheele Robert , Weber Lisa , Dubovik Oleg , North Peter , Fiedler Stephanie
Published: January 2022

Despite the implication of aerosols for the radiation budget, there are persistent differences in data for the aerosol optical depth (τ) for 1998–2019. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the large‐scale spatio‐temporal patterns of mid‐visible τ from modern data sets. In total, we assessed 94 different global data sets from eight satellite retrievals, four aerosol‐climate model ensembles, one operational ensemble product, two reanalyses, one climatology and one merged satellite product. We include the new satellite data SLSTR and aerosol‐climate simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models Phase 3 (AeroCom‐III). Our intercomparison highlights model differences and observational uncertainty. Spatial mean τ for 60°N – 60°S ranges from 0.124 to 0.164 for individual satellites, with a mean of 0.14. Averaged τ from aerosol‐climate model ensembles fall within this satellite range, but individual models do not. Our assessment suggests no systematic improvement compared to CMIP5 and AeroCom‐I. Although some regional biases have been reduced, τ from both CMIP6 and AeroCom‐III are for instance substantially larger along extra‐tropical storm tracks compared to the satellite products. The considerable uncertainty in observed τ implies that a model evaluation based on a single satellite product might draw biased conclusions. This underlines the need for continued efforts to improve both model and satellite estimates of τ, for example, through measurement campaigns in areas of particularly uncertain satellite estimates identified in this study, to facilitate a better understanding of aerosol effects in the Earth system.
FlexBRDF: A Flexible BRDF Correction for Grouped Processing of Airborne Imaging Spectroscopy Flightlines
Authors: Queally Natalie , Ye Zhiwei , Zheng Ting , Chlus Adam , Schneider Fabian , Pavlick Ryan P. , Townsend Philip A.
Published: January 2022

Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) effects are a persistent issue for the analysis of vegetation in airborne imaging spectroscopy data, especially when mosaicking results from adjacent flightlines. With the advent of large airborne imaging efforts from NASA and the U.S. National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), there is increasing need for methods that are flexible and automatable across images with diverse land cover. Flexible bidirectional reflectance distribution function (FlexBRDF) is built upon the widely used kernel method, with additional features including stratified random sampling across flightline groups, dynamic land cover stratification by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), interpolation of correction coefficients across NDVI bins, and the use of a reference solar zenith angle. We demonstrate FlexBRDF using nine long (150–400 km) airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS)‐Classic flightlines collected on 22 May 2013 over Southern California, where diverse land cover and a wide range of solar illumination yield significant BRDF effects. We further test the approach on additional AVIRIS‐Classic data from California, AVIRIS‐Next Generation data from the Arctic and India, and NEON imagery from Wisconsin. Comparison of overlapping areas of flightlines show that models built from multiple flightlines performed better than those built for single images (root mean square error improved up to 2.3% and mean absolute deviation 2.5%). Standardization to a common solar zenith angle among a flightline group improved performance, and interpolation across bins minimized between‐bin boundaries. While BRDF corrections for individual sites suffice for local studies, FlexBRDF is an open source option that is compatible with bulk processing of large airborne data sets covering diverse land cover needed for calibration/validation of forthcoming spaceborne imaging spectroscopy missions.
A Bayesian Approach to Recreational Water Quality Model Validation and Comparison in the Presence of Measurement Error
Authors: Potash E. , Steinschneider S.
Published: January 2022

Methods for measuring recreational water quality vary in analysis time, precision, availability, and cost. Decision‐makers often use predictions from statistical models to compensate for the shortcomings of available measurements. However, model validation and comparison has largely omitted measurement error (defined here as variation in both sampling and the measurement technique) as an important source of uncertainty during validation. It is unknown how this omission affects estimates of model performance and comparisons between models. This study aims to fill this gap. First, we derive the bias incurred when omitting measurement error in calculating a model's mean squared error (MSE). We then develop a non‐parametric validation method to correct estimates of MSE. To study other metrics of prediction performance (mean absolute error, sensitivity, precision, etc.) we develop a second validation method that uses simulations from a Bayesian validation model. These methods are applied to a comparison of two prediction models (random forest and nearest neighbor) used to predict the level of fecal indicator bacteria at nine recreational beaches in the city of Chicago. We find that accounting for measurement error significantly changes estimates of model performance. Moreover, it reveals substantial uncertainty underlying some of these estimates.
Sensing Iceland’s Most Active Volcano with a “Buried Hair”
Authors: Klaasen Sara , Thrastarson S�lvi , Fichtner Andreas , �ubuk-Sabuncu Yeşim , J�nsd�ttir Krist�n
Published: January 2022

Distributed acoustic sensing offered researchers a means to measure ground deformation from atop ice-clad Gr�msv�tn volcano with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions.
The importance of enhancer methylation for epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis in squamous lung cancer
Authors: Cho Jae-Won , Shim Hyo Sup , Lee Chang Young , Park Seong Yong , Hong Min Hee , Lee Insuk , Kim Hye Ryun
Published: January 2022

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LUSC occurs at the bronchi, shows a squamous appearance, and often occurs in smokers. To determine the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of tumorigenesis, we performed a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in tumor and adjacent normal tissues from LUSC patients. With the Infinium Methylation EPIC Array, > 850,000 CpG sites, including ~350,000 CpG sites for enhancer regions, were profiled, and the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) overlapping promoters (pDMRs) and enhancers (eDMRs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified. Dimension reduction based on DMR profiles revealed that eDMRs alone and not pDMRs alone can differentiate tumors from normal tissues with the equivalent performance of total DMRs. We observed a stronger negative correlation of LUSC-specific gene expression with methylation for enhancers than promoters. Target genes of eDMRs rather than pDMRs were found to be enriched for tumor-associated genes and pathways. Furthermore, DMR methylation associated with immune infiltration was more frequently observed among enhancers than promoters. Our results suggest that methylation of enhancer regions rather than promoters play more important roles in epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis and immune infiltration in LUSC.
LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease
Authors: De Rossi Giulia , Da Vitoria Lobo Marlene E. , Greenwood John , Moss Stephen E.
Published: January 2022

Retinal and choroidal diseases are major causes of blindness and visual impairment in the developed world and on the rise due to an ageing population and diabetes epidemic. Standard of care is centred around blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but despite having halved the number of patients losing sight, a high rate of patient non-response and loss of efficacy over time are key challenges. Dysregulation of vascular homoeostasis, coupled with fibrosis and inflammation, are major culprits driving sight-threatening eye diseases. Improving our knowledge of these pathological processes should inform the development of new drugs to address the current clinical challenges for patients. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an emerging key player in vascular dysfunction, inflammation and fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, LRG1 is constitutively expressed by the liver and granulocytes, but little is known about its normal biological function. In pathological scenarios, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD), its expression is ectopically upregulated and it acquires a much better understood pathogenic role. Context-dependent modulation of the transforming growth-factor β (TGFβ) pathway is one of the main activities of LRG1, but additional roles have recently been emerging. This review aims to highlight the clinical and pre-clinical evidence for the pathogenic contribution of LRG1 to vascular retinopathies, as well as extrapolate from other diseases, functions which may be relevant to eye disease. Finally, we will provide a current update on the development of anti-LRG1 therapies for the treatment of nvAMD.
Photoredox catalyzed C–H trifluoroethylamination of heteroarenes
Authors: Wang Juan , Liu Shuai , Huang Yangen , Xu Xiu-Hua , Qing Feng-Ling
Published: January 2022

The first C–H trifluoroethylamination of heteroarenes with N-trifluoroethyl hydroxylamine reagents under photoredox catalysis has been described.
The solvent influenced coordination variation of flexible ligands to Y(iii) towards MOF structural diversity
Authors: Park Jiwon , Koo Jin Young , Choi Hee Cheul
Published: January 2022

Coordination variation by solvent environment change leading to various yttrium-based MOFs with flexible ligands.
Toxicity of metal–organic framework nanoparticles: from essential analyses to potential applications
Authors: Ettlinger Romy , Lächelt Ulrich , Gref Ruxandra , Horcajada Patricia , Lammers Twan , Serre Christian , Couvreur Patrick , Morris Russell E. , Wuttke Stefan
Published: January 2022

This tutorial review highlights the key aspects of nanotoxicity and the importance of its systematic assessment for metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles to pave the way towards their potential applications in a safe and sustainable manner.
Structural distortion induced broad emission in vacancy-ordered halide triple perovskites
Authors: Mala Maruthi , Appadurai Tamilselvan , Chandiran Aravind Kumar
Published: January 2022

This paper reports the role of distortion in vacancy-ordered halide perovskites in photoluminescence properties. The mixture of trivalent sites in Cs2SbxBi2−xX6 leads to the creation of distortion leading to enhanced photoluminescence.
A novel cyclic dinuclear gold(i) complex induces anticancer activity via an oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells
Authors: Abogosh Ahmed K. , Alghanem Meshal K. , Ahmad Saeed , Al-Asmari Abdullah , As Sobeai Homood M. , Sulaiman Adam A. A. , Fettouhi Mohammed , Popoola Saheed A. , Alhoshani Ali , Isab Anvarhusein A.
Published: January 2022

The complex was found to display cytotoxic effect via oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as indicated by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium iodide double staining, ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential and migration assays.
A mononuclear iron(iii) complex with unusual changes of color and magneto-structural properties with temperature: synthesis, structure, magnetization, multi-frequency ESR and DFT study
Authors: Garg Nitish Kumar , Goriya Yogesh , Manojveer Seetharaman , Muratović Senada , Pajić Damir , Cetina Mario , Petreska Irina , Krupskaya Yulia , Kataev Vladislav , Johnson Magnus T. , Wendt Ola F. , Žilić Dijana
Published: January 2022

A new mononuclear iron(iii) complex with a high-spin magnetic stateS= 5/2 shows an unusual change in ESR spectra with temperature and non-spin-crossover driven thermochromism.
A nonsymmetric Dy2 single-molecule magnet with two relaxation processes triggered by an external magnetic field: a theoretical and integrated EPR study of the role of magnetic-site dilution
Authors: Lalioti Nikolia , Nastopoulos Vassilis , Panagiotou Nikos , Tasiopoulos Anastasios , Ioannidis Nikolaos , van Slageren Joris , Zhang Peng , Rajaraman Gopalan , Swain Abinash , Tangoulis Vassilis
Published: January 2022

A non-symmetric Dy2 single molecule magnet revealing two magnetization relaxation processes under a 1500 G external magnetic field and a ferromagnetic interaction between the DyIII ions.
Two reliable calibration methods for accuratein situU–Pb dating of scheelite
Authors: Tang Yanwen , Han Junjie , Lan Tingguang , Gao Jianfeng , Liu Liang , Xiao Changhao , Yang Jiehua
Published: January 2022

The accuratein situU–Pb age of scheelite can be determined using our proposed methods in normal ablation settingsviaLA-SF-ICP-MS.
Endogenous hydrogen peroxide can efficiently regulate CRISPR-Cas9 based gene editing
Authors: Zhao Jizhong , Hu Hongmei , Zhang Jingwen , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Li , Zhou Hongling , Wang Rui
Published: January 2022

We report controllable gene editing tools for the CRISPR-Cas9 system via genetic code expansion triggered by oxidative small molecule H2O2.
Regulation of conjugate rigid plane structures for achieving transformation of fluorescence recognition properties
Authors: Kan Xiao-Tong , Yao Hong , Niu Yan-Bing , Hu Yin-Ping , Zhang You-Ming , Wei Tai-Bao , Lin Qi
Published: January 2022

Regulation of a conjugate rigid plane structure based on bisbenzimidazole derivatives to research the structure-effective relationship between conjugate systems size and fluorescence sensing properties.
Highly active small Pd nanocatalysts obtained by visible-light-induced photoreduction with citrate and oxalate salts under batch and flow approaches
Authors: Díaz-Vázquez E. Daniela , Soria-Castro Silvia M. , Della-Cagnoletta Irina , Martín Sandra E. , Oksdath-Mansilla Gabriela , Uberman Paula M.
Published: January 2022

With a suitable combination of citrate and oxalate salts as photoinitiators, a visible-light induced Pd NP synthesis was conducted. Depending on the reaction conditions of the catalysis, the ligands may have a great impact on the catalytic activity.
Microfluidics as a tool to assess and induce emulsion destabilization
Authors: Porto Santos Tatiana , Cejas Cesare M. , Cunha Rosiane Lopes
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews techniques for emulsion destabilization into two principal categories: (1) dynamic flow processes, where droplets are subjected to shear forces and (2) confined processes, where droplets are confined in fixed positions.
Chemical survey of Class I protostars with the IRAM-30 m
Authors: Mercimek S. , Codella C. , Podio L. , Bianchi E. , Chahine L. , Bouvier M. , López-Sepulcre A. , Neri R. , Ceccarelli C.
Published: January 2022

Context. Class I protostars are a bridge between Class 0 protostars (≤105 yr old), and Class II (≥106 yr) protoplanetary disks. Recent studies show gaps and rings in the dust distribution of disks younger than 1 Myr, suggesting that planet formation may start already at the Class I stage. To understand what chemistry planets will inherit, it is crucial to characterize the chemistry of Class I sources and to investigate how chemical complexity evolves from Class 0 protostars to protoplanetary disks.

Aims. There are two goals: (i) to perform a census of the molecular complexity in a sample of four Class I protostars, and (ii) to compare the data with the chemical compositions of earlier and later phases of the Sun-like star formation process.

Methods. We performed IRAM-30 m observations at 1.3 mm towards four Class I objects (L1489-IRS, B5-IRS1, L1455-IRS1, and L1551-IRS5). The column densities of the detected species were derived assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) or large velocity gradients (LVGs).

Results. We detected 27 species: C-chains, N-bearing species, S-bearing species, Si-bearing species, deuterated molecules, and interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs; CH3OH, CH3CN, CH3CHO, and HCOOCH3). Among the members of the observed sample, L1551-IRS5 is the most chemically rich source. Different spectral profiles are observed: (i) narrow lines (~1 km s−1) towards all the sources, (ii) broader lines (~4 km s−1) towards L1551-IRS5, and (iii) line wings due to outflows (in B5-IRS1, L1455-IRS1, and L1551-IRS5). Narrow c-C3H2 emission originates from the envelope with temperatures of 5–25 K and sizes of ~2′′−10′′. The iCOMs in L1551-IRS5 reveal the occurrence of hot corino chemistry, with CH3OH and CH3CN lines originating from a compact (~0.′′15) and warm (T > 50 K) region. Finally, OCS and H2S seem to probe the circumbinary disks in the L1455-IRS1 and L1551-IRS5 binary systems. The deuteration in terms of elemental D/H in the molecular envelopes is: ~10−70% (D2CO/H2CO), ~5−15% (HDCS/H2CS), and ~1−23% (CH2DOH/CH3OH). For the L1551-IRS5 hot corino we derive D/H ~2% (CH2DOH/CH3OH).

Conclusions. Carbon chain chemistry in extended envelopes is revealed towards all the sources. In addition, B5-IRS1, L1455-IRS1, and L1551-IRS5 show a low-excitation methanol line that is narrow and centered at systemic velocity, suggesting an origin from an extended structure, plausibly UV-illuminated. The abundance ratios of CH3CN, CH3CHO, and HCOOCH3 with respect to CH3OH measured towards the L1551-IRS5 hot corino are comparable to that estimated at earlier stages (prestellar cores, Class 0 protostars), and to that found in comets. The deuteration in our sample is also consistent with the values estimated for sources at earlier stages. These findings support the inheritance scenario from prestellar cores to the Class I phase when planets start forming.
Impact of survey geometry and super-sample covariance on future photometric galaxy surveys
Authors: Gouyou Beauchamps S. , Lacasa F. , Tutusaus I. , Aubert M. , Baratta P. , Gorce A. , Sakr Z.
Published: January 2022

Photometric galaxy surveys probe the late-time Universe where the density field is highly non-Gaussian. A consequence is the emergence of the super-sample covariance (SSC), a non-Gaussian covariance term that is sensitive to fluctuations on scales larger than the survey window. In this work, we study the impact of the survey geometry on the SSC and, subsequently, on cosmological parameter inference. We devise a fast SSC approximation that accounts for the survey geometry and compare its performance to the common approximation of rescaling the results by the fraction of the sky covered by the survey, fSKY, dubbed ‘full-sky approximation’. To gauge the impact of our new SSC recipe, that we call ‘partial-sky’, we perform Fisher forecasts on the parameters of the (w0, wa)-CDM model in a 3 × 2 point analysis, varying the survey area, the geometry of the mask, and the galaxy distribution inside our redshift bins. The differences in the marginalised forecast errors –with the full-sky approximation performing poorly for small survey areas but excellently for stage-IV-like areas– are found to be absorbed by the marginalisation on galaxy bias nuisance parameters. For large survey areas, the unmarginalised errors are underestimated by about 10% for all probes considered. This is a hint that, even for stage-IV-like surveys, the partial-sky method introduced in this work will be necessary if tight priors are applied on these nuisance parameters. We make the partial-sky method public with a new release of the public code PySSC.
Assessment of [Fe/H] determinations for FGK stars in spectroscopic surveys
Authors: Soubiran C. , Brouillet N. , Casamiquela L.
Published: January 2022

Context. The iron abundance [Fe/H] in the atmosphere of FGK-type stars is crucial in stellar and galactic physics. The number of stars with a measured value of [Fe/H] is increasing considerably thanks to spectroscopic surveys. However, different methodologies, inputs, and assumptions used in spectral analyses lead to different precisions in [Fe/H] and possibly to systematic differences, which need to be evaluated. It is essential to understand the characteristics of each survey to fully exploit their potential, in particular if the surveys are combined to probe a larger galactic volume and to improve statistics.

Aims. The purpose of this study is to compare [Fe/H] determinations from the largest spectroscopic surveys to other catalogues taken as reference. Offsets and dispersions of the residuals are examined, as are their trends with other parameters. The investigated surveys are the latest public releases of APOGEE, GALAH, RAVE, LAMOST, SEGUE, and the Gaia-ESO Survey.

Methods. We use reference samples that provide independent determinations of [Fe/H], which are compared to those from the surveys for common stars. The distribution of the residuals is assessed through simple statistics that measure the offset between two catalogues and the dispersion representative of the precision of both catalogues. When relevant, linear fits are performed. A large sample of FGK-type stars with [Fe/H] based on high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise spectroscopy was built from the PASTEL catalogue to provide a reference sample. We also use FGK members in open and globular clusters to assess the internal consistency of [Fe/H] of each survey. The agreement of median [Fe/H] values for clusters observed by different surveys is discussed.

Results. All the surveys overestimate the low metallicities, and some of them also underestimate the high metallicities. They perform well in the most populated intermediate metallicity range whatever the resolution. In most cases, the typical precision that we deduce from the comparisons is in good agreement with the uncertainties quoted in the catalogues. Some exceptions to this general behaviour are discussed.
Classical Cepheid period-Wesenheit-metallicity relation in the Gaia bands
Authors: Ripepi V. , Catanzaro G. , Clementini G. , De Somma G. , Drimmel R. , Leccia S. , Marconi M. , Molinaro R. , Musella I. , Poggio E.
Published: January 2022

Context. Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) represent a fundamental tool to calibrate the extragalactic distance scale. However, they are also powerful stellar population tracers in the context of Galactic studies. The forthcoming Data Release 3 of the Gaia mission will allow us to study, with unprecedented detail, the structure, the dynamics, and the chemical properties of the Galactic disc, and in particular of the spiral arms, where most Galactic DCEPs reside.

Aims. In this paper we aim to quantify the metallicity dependence of the Galactic DCEPs’ period-Wesenheit (PWZ) relation in the Gaia bands.

Methods. We adopted a sample of 499 DCEPs with metal abundances from high-resolution spectroscopy, in conjunction with Gaia Early Data Release 3 parallaxes and photometry to calibrate a PWZ relation in the Gaia bands.

Results. We find a significant metallicity term, of the order of −0.5 mag dex−1, which is larger than the values measured in the near-infrared (NIR) bands by different authors. Our best PWZ relation is W = ( − 5.988 ± 0.018)−(3.176 ± 0.044)(log P − 1.0)−(0.520 ± 0.090)[Fe/H]. We validated our PWZ relations by using the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud as a benchmark, finding very good agreement with the geometric distance provided by eclipsing binaries. As an additional test, we evaluated the metallicity gradient of the young Galactic disc, finding −0.0527 ± 0.0022 dex kpc−1, which is in very good agreement with previous results.
On optimal cloaking-by-mapping transformations
Authors: Capdeboscq Yves , Vogelius Michael S.
Published: January 2022

A central ingredient of cloaking-by-mapping is the diffeomorphism which transforms an annulus with a small hole into an annulus with a finite size hole, while being the identity on the outer boundary of the annulus. The resulting meta-material is anisotropic, which makes it difficult to manufacture. The problem of minimizing anisotropy among radial transformations has been studied in Griesmaier and Vogelius [Inverse Prob. 30 (2014) 17]. In this work, as in Griesmaier and Vogelius [Inverse Prob. 30 (2014) 17], we formulate the problem of minimizing anisotropy as an energy minimization problem. Our main goal is to provide strong evidence for the conjecture that for cloaks with circular boundaries, non-radial transformations do not lead to lower degree of anisotropy. In the final section, we consider cloaks with non-circular boundaries and show that in this case, non-radial cloaks may be advantageous, when it comes to minimizing anisotropy.
The Knowledge Based View of Embedding Strategy for Platforms Enterprises
Authors: Li Chen-Guang , Qiu Zhen-Jun
Published: January 2022

Dialectically linking with heterogenous suppliers, manufacturers, consumers and resources, emerging e-commerce platforms achieve and maintain competitive advantage. Based on different levels of innovation network content and structure, YEATION and YOUPIN, two typical ecommerce platforms, adopt different strategies involving the promotion of value-seeking. Many decisions concern how companies perceive the innovation environment and how to engage in the innovation network. Knowledge base view provides useful theoretical lens to understand the network embedding approach for electric business platform enterprises. To put forward, enterprises with wide breadth should adopt structural strategy give priority to relational embeddedness, on the other hand, enterprises of which the depth of knowledge base is deep and width of insufficient shall adopt strategy give priority to the embedding of structure. It is also proposed that platform enterprises should not adopt a single embeddedness strategy but should adopt auxiliary embeddedness strategy in a timely manner.
Varying importance of the work-life balance dimension of career success for Korean accountants: The effects of gender and generation
Authors: Kim Najung , You Jaekyoung , Lee Eunhyung
Published: January 2022

In this study, we examine the effects of gender, generation, and the interaction between gender and generation on Korean accountants’ perception of career success. With the large survey data collected from 1,000 accountants working in South Korea, we found that Korean female accountants have higher perceived importance of work-life balance dimension of career success than male accountants; and younger generations (Millennials or younger) have higher perceived importance for this dimension than older generations (Generation X or older). No interaction effects between gender and generation were found in relation to the perceived importance of work-life balance dimension of career success. Specifically, female accountants had higher perceived importance of work-life balance than their male counterparts regardless of generation; and while the mean was higher for younger generations the gap between the female accountants’ means and the male accountants’ means of work-life balance dimension has not been reduced. The insignificant interaction effects between gender and generation regarding the perceived level of the work-life balance dimension of career success suggest that, despite the national and organizational efforts in changing the gender discriminating practices, Korean accounting field may still be making a very slow progress in breaking its glass ceiling.
Prediction of supply and demand for jobs in the Czech Republic
Authors: Machová Veronika , Šanderová Veronika , Šuleř Petr , Hodinová Anna
Published: January 2022

The topic of supply and demand for jobs is a very current and important topic, as their prediction contributes to the future operation of an organization. The base source of data is information and data obtained from online databases of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is to predict the supply and demand for jobs up to 2022, using the method of exponential alignment of time series. With the existence of natural unemployment, not all job positions will be filled. In such a situation, organizations will have to demand labor from abroad. In the event that organizations are unable to secure labor from abroad, they will have to reduce their activities and the associated volume of production they produce. Last but not least, the organization can start going bankrupt. In the forecast, we do not address the structure of unemployment by the highest attained education or by profession. We see the application benefits of the work in companies that manage human resources. At present, the prediction of future development is mostly at the national level and in the Czech Republic it is at the beginning of its journey. The developed methodology will enable organizations to monitor the current situation on the labor market and respond to changes in the short and long term.
Evaluation of inflation and unemployment and plotting the Philips curve of the Czech Republic
Authors: Krulický Tomáš , Šanderová Veronika , Dolejš Dominik
Published: January 2022

The Phillips curve was supposed to mean an expansion of the doctrine based on the original regulatory ideas of J. M. Keynes. At the time of its inception (1950s), it gave governments theoretical hope, coming from the possibility of choosing a negative correlation between the price level (P) and the product (Y). Her early denial (at least in the short term) by Milton Friedman, on the other hand, has not changed anything about other applications that are still relevant until present time. In the fact, advantage of Phillips curve is her ability based on broad-spectrum use for any type of national economy. The aim of this work is to determine the shape of the Phillips curve for the Czech Republic in the period from 2000 to the present and to compare its shape with the shape of the original Phillips curve. The method of regression analysis is used here, comparison and prediction are performed using time series. In this paper, we find out what the short-term Phillips curve looks like for the Czech Republic, that it does not coincide with the original Phillips curve, and that in the future we can count on a growing correlation between inflation and unemployment.
Evaluation of market demand for a specific product
Authors: Rowland Zuzana , Kučera Jiří , Martínková Leona
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the demand for mobile phones in the world at the time of the coronavirus pandemic and to predict future development up until the end of 2022. During the covid-19 pandemic, markets in all sectors were subdued due to limited production and sales. As the production of chips for electronics was one of the deeply affected areas in terms of production slowdown, along with the rapid purchase of electronics at the beginning of the pandemic, there was also a slowdown in sales. The method of describing time series and calculation using linear regression is used. In this work, it is found that the decline in demand for mobile phones was caused by a global pandemic and consumers' uncertainty in maintaining their jobs. Overall, during the covid-19 pandemic, we saw a drop in the number of mobile phone units sold by more than 40,000. Furthermore, it was found that the entire mobile phone market is clearly recovering after the coronavirus crisis.
Semi-supervised generative adversarial networks for anomaly detection
Authors: Montenegro Juan , Chung Yeojin
Published: January 2022

Advancements in security have provided ways of recording anomalies of daily life through video surveillance. For the present investigation, a semi-supervised generative adversarial network model to detect and classify different types of crimes on videos. Additionally, we intend to tackle one of the most recurring difficulties of anomaly detection: illumination. For this, we propose a light augmentation algorithm based on gamma correction to help the semi-supervised generative adversarial networks on its classification task. The proposed process performs slightly better than other proposed models.
Valuation of construction work on architectural heritage and its influence on project implementation decision
Authors: Brožová Lucie , Střelcová Iveta , Vitásek Stanislav , Tomek Radan , Krulický Tomáš
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the description of the methodology for determining the prices of construction work used most often in the reconstruction of historic buildings. The procedure is based on parametric estimating of buildings and on traditional tools and principles of pricing. The historic building is divided into structural parts and technological units. Structural elements are individually valued at the unit price, which was created on the basis of sub-budget. Very strict rules are set for the financing of cultural monuments and the method of valuation is based on the price systems’ methodology. The research also included an analysis of market prices and a subsequent comparison with indicative prices. Proper estimate of historic buildings’ reconstruction cost is also an important input for the decision-making process regarding the actual implementation of the project, its method of execution and its life cycle cost determination.
Mutualisation des informations en réunion de relève infirmière : structures préférentielles, structures dédiées
Authors: Maritaud Louis , Teston-Bonnard Sandra
Published: January 2022

Les réunions de relève infirmière en psychiatrie sont des moments d'échanges importants dans la pratique professionnelle des soignants. Ces situations de mutualisation d'informations sont couplées à l'existence de notes écrites, créant ainsi deux modalités de transmission d'informations. Cet article propose d'établir, à partir des outils de la macrosyntaxe Aixoise et de l'analyse conversationnelle, des structures appuyant le discours des soignants. Nous abordons, à partir de l'analyse de relèves écrites et orales concernant une patiente, des phénomènes syntaxiques, lexicaux et pragmatiques qui nous permettent de distinguer les objectifs des deux modalités de relève, ainsi que leurs réalisations. Puis, nous analysons un phénomène transversal aux productions écrites et orales, le discours rapporté, au travers d'une observation écrite correspondant aux informations mutualisées lors d'une relève orale. Forts de ces analyses, nous pouvons déterminer que les soignants tendent à s'effacer dans les observations écrites, pour se concentrer sur des éléments saillants dans la pratique des soignants, alors que dans les réunions, ils inscrivent bien les émotions et traits humains des soignants comme des patients dans leurs discours. Ces différences, qui s'inscrivent dans des constructions particulières, permettent néanmoins de cibler les informations importantes à mutualiser, selon les objectifs des deux modalités de transmission.
Glucocorticoids Increase Fracture Risk and Fracture Prevalence
Independently from Bone Mineral Density and Clinical Risk Factors: Results from
the Gliwice Osteoporosis (GO) Study
Authors: Pluskiewicz Wojciech , Adamczyk Piotr , Drozdzowska Bogna
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to establish the influence of glucocorticoids (GC) on
fracture risk, probability, and prevalence. A set of 1548 postmenopausal women
were divided into study group – treated with GC (n=114, age
66.48±7.6 years) and controls (n=1434, age 66.46±6.83
years). Data on clinical risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures were
collected. Hip bone densitometry was performed using a device Prodigy (GE, USA).
Fracture probability was established by FRAX, and fracture risk by Garvan
algorithm and POL-RISK. Fracture risk and fracture probability were
significantly greater for GC-treated women in comparison to controls. In the
study group, there were 24, 3, 24, and 6 fractures noted at spine, hip, forearm,
and arm, respectively. The respective numbers of fractures reported in controls
at those skeletal sites were: 186, 23, 240, and 25. The use of GCs increased
significantly prevalence of all major, spine and arm fractures. Also the number
of all fractures was affected by GC use. Following factors significantly
increased fracture probability: age (OR 1.04 per each year; 95% CI:
1.03–1.06), GC use (OR 1.54; 95% CI: 1.03–2.31), falls
(OR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.60–2.73), and FN T-score (OR 0.62 per each
unit; 95% CI: 0.54–0.71). In conclusion, in patients treated
with GCs the fracture risk, probability, and prevalence were increased. This
effect was evident regardless of whether GC therapy is included in the algorithm
as a risk factor (FRAX, POL-RISK) or not taken into consideration (Garvan
nomogram).
Stereoselective Michael Additions of Arylacetic Acid Derivatives by Asymmetric Organocatalysis
Authors: Kim Byungjun , Kim Yongjae , Lee Sarah Yunmi
Published: January 2022

Because of the versatility of chiral 1,5-dicarbonyl structural motifs, the development of stereoselective Michael additions of arylacetic acid derivatives to electron-deficient alkenes is an important challenge. Over recent decades, an array of enantio- and diastereoselective methods of this type have been developed through the use of chiral organocatalysts. In this article, three distinct strategies in this research area are highlighted. Catalytic generation of either a chiral iminium electrophile (iminium catalysis) or a chiral enolate nucleophile (Lewis­ base catalysis) has allowed the efficient construction of stereogenic C–C bonds. We also introduce a synergistic catalytic approach involving the merger of these two catalytic cycles that provides selective access to all four stereoisomers of products with vicinal stereocenters.

1 Introduction

2 Iminium Catalysis

3 Lewis Base Catalysis

4 Synergistic Organocatalysis

5 Summary
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Cervical Collar
Authors: Krishnan Prasad , Aditya Grandhi
Published: January 2022

Cervical collars are routinely applied in neurosurgical units following trauma or cervical spine operations. We describe a case of florid allergic contact dermatitis that developed as a complication following collar application in a postoperative patient.
Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing a Digital Informed Decision Making Tool in Primary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Puccinelli-Ortega Nicole , Cromo Mark , Foley Kristie L. , Dignan Mark B. , Dharod Ajay , Snavely Anna C. , Miller David P.
Published: January 2022

Background Informed decision aids provide information in the context of the patient's values and improve informed decision making (IDM). To overcome barriers that interfere with IDM, our team developed an innovative iPad-based application (aka “app”) to help patients make informed decisions about colorectal cancer screening. The app assesses patients' eligibility for screening, educates them about their options, and empowers them to request a test via the interactive decision aid.

Objective The aim of the study is to explore how informed decision aids can be implemented successfully in primary care clinics, including the facilitators and barriers to implementation; strategies for minimizing barriers; adequacy of draft training materials; and any additional support or training desired by clinics.

Design This work deals with a multicenter qualitative study in rural and urban settings.

Participants A total of 48 individuals participated including primary care practice managers, clinicians, nurses, and front desk staff.

Approach Focus groups and semi-structured interviews, with data analysis were guided by thematic analysis.

Key Results Salient emergent themes were time, workflow, patient age, literacy, and electronic health record (EHR) integration. Saving time was important to most participants. Patient flow was a concern for all clinic staff, and they expressed that any slowdown due to patients using the iPad module or perceived additional work to clinic staff would make staff less motivated to use the program. Participants voiced concern about older patients being unwilling or unable to utilize the iPad and patients with low literacy ability being able to read or comprehend the information.

Conclusion Integrating new IDM apps into the current clinic workflow with minimal disruptions would increase the probability of long-term adoption and ultimate sustainability.

NIH trial registry number R01CA218416-A1.