bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFIL DOS EMPREENDEDORES QUE ATUAM NO TURISMO RURAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA MICRORREGIÃO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA (BA)
Authors: Sampaio dos Santos Wellington
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo aborda o comportamento empreendedordos empresários atuantes no segmento do Turismo em áreas rurais, namicrorregião de Feira de Santana, da qual fazem parte vinte e quatromunicípios. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória com osempresários rurais, utilizando-se como instrumento de levantamento dedados o questionário. Buscou-se analisar o perfil empreendedor dessesempresários, bem como, suas características empreendedoras. A pesquisabaseou-se no levantamento bibliográfico sobre Turismo Rural eEmpreendedorismo, o qual forneceu subsídios para compreender a práticaempreendedora, relacionada com as características e comportamentosdos proprietários dos estabelecimentos estudados. Constatou-se que existempoucas características empreendedoras no comportamento dos empresáriosestudados e que uma pequena parte desses empresários adotam umapostura de empreendedor, embora se tenha observado uma preocupaçãodos mesmos em praticar a rede de relacionamentos, de comunicação enegociações, características do comportamento empreendedor.
VISÃO DO NEOLIBERALISMO: SURGIMENTO, ATUAÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: B. A. de Cerqueira Jackson
Published: July 2023

Busca-se fazer uma abordagem sucinta, porém não superficial,sobre origem e desenvolvimento do neoliberalismo. O propósito é mostrar,de forma didática, os fundamentos econômicos sobre os quais repousa ateoria neoliberal, observando-se sempre a prática implementada em diversospaíses do continente europeu, América Latina e Estados Unidos, tanto deposições ideológicas de direita, quanto social-democratas e socialistas.O trabalho destaca os pontos cruciais abordados pelos estudiosos dotema, e contempla desde a origem do neoliberalismo até as suas perspectivasfuturas, passando pelas fases de crescimento, desenvolvimento e hegemoniano mundo. Do mesmo modo, procura analisar as forças de resistênciaatravés dos principais setores que dificultam o avanço das práticas neoliberais:os que são inerentes a um Estado de bem-estar social, já implantado empaíses desenvolvidos e/ou em vias de desenvolvimento e aqueles provenientesdos sindicatos organizados nas diversas instituições da sociedade civil.
GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA APLICADA EM ORGANIZAÇÕES DO TERCEIRO SETOR: UMA MUDANÇA DE PARADIGMA
Authors: Ponce Cunha Hélio
Published: July 2023

Nos últimos anos, o terceiro setor vem ganhando grandeimportância no cenário econômico mundial, quer seja pela existência deum espaço de atuação não-ocupado pela ação governamental ou empresarial,quer seja por uma demanda crescente pela atuação de instituições comfins sociais. Eis porque, o número de organizações que atuam nessa áreavem crescendo sensivelmente, trazendo, junto com esse crescimento, ointeresse no estudo da gestão dessas organizações. A utilização de princípiosde gestão estratégica e a aplicação de métodos e instrumentos de gestãobaseados na eficácia, no alcance de resultados, na prospecção de cenáriose na atuação pró-ativa frente às variáveis do ambiente externo, fazem-senecessárias em todas as organizações que atuam em um ambiente altamentemutável e com um número grande de variáveis.
DESENHO E FOTOGRAFIA: MEMÓRIA DA HISTÓRIA DOS TRANSPORTES EM SALVADOR
Authors: Trinchão Gláucia Maria Costa
Published: July 2023

O artigo enfoca a história dos transportes de Salvador, doprimeiro esboço de um sistema viário e de transporte, nos primórdios dafundação da cidade, até a segunda metade do século XIX, com a implantaçãode um sistema moderno e articulado. Toma-se como principal fontede conhecimento e de informação histórica o desenho, legado históricodeixado pelos viajantes; e a fotografia, fruto da Revolução Industrial,produtos e reflexão das variações sócio-culturais em cada época histórica.O desenhar e o fotografar são métodos atuantes no registro históricoda humanidade. Tratar o desenho e a fotografia, enquanto materialda história e da memória coletiva e individual, caracteriza-os comodocumentos e/ou monumentos. O trabalho demonstra a importância dodesenho e da fotografia como meios de representação de imagens, paraa reconstituição histórica e cultural dessa cidade, demarcando uma desuas tradições, o uso de ascensores – inclinados e verticais –, como meiode transporte.
PROCESSOS FONOLÓGICOS E A CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA DISLEXIA
Authors: Pepe Vera Pedreira dos Santos
Published: July 2023

Este texto discute a importância da abordagem de processosfonológicos para a caracterização da dislexia. Conquanto seja um transtornolinguístico, visto tratar-se de uma dificuldade de aprendizagemenvolvendo a leitura e a escrita, a dislexia tem sido contemplada deforma mais sistemática em artigos nas áreas da Educação e da Neurologia,só para citar alguns exemplos e, curiosamente, pouco no âmbito daLinguística. Tendo isso em vista, esse texto tem por objetivo levar diferentesprofissionais a uma reflexão acerca das contribuições que aportesteóricos oriundos da linguística podem lhes fornecer na caracterizaçãodo transtorno em questão.
GESTÃO DE CUSTOS: UMA FERRAMENTA ADMINISTRATIVA NAS ENTIDADES DO TERCEIRO SETOR
Authors: Brito Carlos Alberto Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Diante das exigências mercadológicas que atingem toda equalquer organização, aliada a escassez de recursos provenientes dasdificuldades geradas pela economia globalizada, as entidades do TerceiroSetor têm buscado a profissionalização de seus atos, sobretudo no quetange ao controle e redução de custos, para otimizar os recursos disponíveise cumprir sua missão com efetividade. Dessa forma, este trabalhodiscorre sobre a gestão de custos aplicada a entidades do Terceiro Setor,evidenciando o uso deste mecanismo como aliado na eficiência e naeficácia das atividades realizadas.
ORÇAMENTO PARTICIPATIVO E A LEI DE RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL
Authors: Silva Luiz Ivan dos Santos
Published: July 2023

A falta de probidade administrativa de muitos gestores públicosno Brasil tem deixado diversas entidades públicas em má situaçãofinanceira. Mesmo depois das limitações impostas pela Lei de ResponsabilidadeFiscal (LRF) ainda se ouve falar de abusos cometidos por taisgestores. Em alguns municípios, porém, a utilização do Orçamento Participativotem colaborado para a diminuição de tais ocorrências, visto que, a suaimplementação possibilita um maior comprometimento dos administradores,a transparência da gestão e o acompanhamento da execução orçamentáriapela sociedade.Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar,por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, como o OrçamentoParticipativo pode colaborar para a operacionalização das obrigatoriedadesimpostas pela Lei Complementar 101/2000, a denominada Lei de ResponsabilidadeFiscal.
ASPECTOS DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DA MANDIOCA EM FEIRA DE SANTANA NO DISTRITO DE MARIA QUITÉRIA (POVOADOS DE LAGOA GRANDE E OLHOS D’ÁGUA DAS MOÇAS)
Authors: Pinto Florentino Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Este artigo discute as circunstâncias em que se dá a cadeiaprodutiva da mandioca, em especial, no município de Feira de Santana-Bahia, no distrito de Maria Quitéria. Por meio de uma pesquisa, buscaserevelar traços que caracterizam como o produtor rural percebe acultura da mandioca: para o consumo e/ou sua comercialização, e comoa desorganização setorial gera uma má produtividade. Apresentam-se,também, os aspectos da cadeia produtiva da mandioca, a caracterizaçãodo mercado mandioqueiro feirense e, posteriormente, analisam-se os dadosda pesquisa que foi realizada nos povoados de Lagoa Grande e OlhosD’água das Moças, no distrito supracitado e, por fim, uma breve discussãodas informações apontadas neste estudo, no intuito de comprovar aimportância da cultura da mandioca na sustentabilidade das populaçõesrurais, melhorando a qualidade de vida do produtor.
Diversity and Multiculturalism Accommodation
Authors: Motsaathebe Gilbert
Published: July 2023

This article examines and problematises the “rights” of Indigenous communities under multiculturalism debates with reference to the San community popularly known as “Basarwa” or “Bushmen” in Botswana, paying particular attention to the tension between perceived government effort to accommodate this community and the concomitant violence inflicted upon its members. The article refers to the Sesana and Others v Attorney-General (2006) case as a springboard to unravel the two-thronged way in which the law becomes an instrument of violence on the one hand, and a means to correct social injustices on the other. This case deals with the forceful removal of the Basarwa from their ancestral land and the government’s abrupt termination of essential services such as drinking water and primary healthcare. The article problematises the rights of the Basarwa under multiculturalism debates and considers questions such as: If the Basarwa community are contenders under modern laws, which are alien to them in terms of the asymmetrical way in which these laws were imposed over their customary laws, what rights do they have that enable us to speak about them as citizens? In what way does the modern state accommodate them and their unique cultural and legal understanding? What resources do they have at their disposal to speak the language of the law? Is the argument that multiculturalism accommodation gives minority groups the choice of maintaining their unique cultural and legal understanding of the world sustainable? Ultimately, I proffer the application of democratic experimentalism as an effective and amicable means of solving disputes between the state and minoritised and marginalised communities such as the Basarwa.
Fashion of Global Warming: Between counterculture and trend, discursive translations in post-consumerism
Authors: Jardim Marilia
Published: July 2023

The article reflects on the translation mechanisms operated by fashion and the transformation of countercultural discourses and practices into their mainstream versions. By exploring the recent boom of products, advertisements, and lifestyles utilising the communication of sustainability as a strategy, the work utilises Landowski’s socio-semiotic theory to analyse the absorption of post-consumerism by commodity capitalism, understanding the process of commodification as a transformation in the regimes governing interactions between subjects. Supporting the discussion with literature debating the countercultural critique—in politics, economics, and fashion—and the contemporary commentary about post-consumerism and the environmental crisis, the work concludes that fashion operates a narrative simplification of countercultural discourses, transforming its regime of risk and sense production, causing a transition from intricate webs of relations between subjects to a set of values that can be exchanged.
discours éthiques de la mode : Entre réparation et renouveau des modèles
Authors: Ambrosio Alberto Fabio
Published: July 2023

La mode est en train de se « convertir » – et pour cause : ce n’est pas un hasard en temps d’urgence – à une éthique écologique. Le thème choisi pour cette contribution est dicté par l’intention d’explorer le langage qu’utilise la mode éthique dans un corpus de textes de nature diverse ayant tous pour trame de fond un vocabulaire dont les connotations renvoient à un lexique de philosophie religieuse. L’hypothèse sous-jacente à cette recherche est qu’une partie de cet outillage discursif peut être intimement reliée à un discours moral, voire résolument spirituel. De la « conversion » écologique de la mode à la préconisation de pratiques quasi ascétiques devant déboucher sur un comportement plus responsable de consommateur non compulsif en passant par le pacte de la mode et tout le discours tournant autour de la deuxième vie à donner aux vêtements, le langage utilisé semble parsemé d’emprunts au corpus de la théologie. Voilà qui conférerait à la mode, déjà éthique par nature, la possibilité de se hisser au rang d’un modèle moral dont la compétence s’élargirait jusqu’à devenir nouvelle orthodoxie ou nouvelle orthopraxie. L’idée d’où est sortie La Contre-mode, de Monsieur de Fitelieu, texte de 1642, trouve des correspondances contemporaines dans le manifeste anti-mode de Lidewij Edelkoort, aussi bien que dans un nouveau discours prônant une consommation vestimentaire capable de prendre en compte la protection de la planète. Ainsi la mode serait au confluent de deux modèles : celui du discours éthique renouvelé et, parallèlement, un élément récurrent du cycle historique, s’il faut en croire Giambattista Vico (m. 1744), philosophe de l’histoire, qui, dans Corsi e ricorsi oppose à la mode et à son discours une autre mode et ses pratiques.
Tailoring of multifunctional cotton fabric by embedding a TiO2+ZnO composite into a chitosan matrix
Authors: Tomšič Brigita , Bajrič Špela , Cergonja Kaja , Čepič Gracija , Gerl Ana , Varga Egshig Ladislav , Panoska Marina , Peulić Svjetlana , Skoko Jasna , Gorjanc Marija , Simončič Barbara
Published: July 2023

The use of nanomaterials to functionalise textiles offers new opportunities for chemical modification of textile fibres’ surfaces to achieve multifunctional protective properties. In this study, novel coatings were tailored on cotton fabric by embedding a mixture of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) of different molar ratios into a chitosan polymer matrix. The excitation energies of the TiO2+ZnO composites generated in the coatings ranged from 3.20 eV to 3.25 eV, indicating that the photocatalytic performance of the functionalised cotton was driven by UV light. The presence of TiO2+ZnO composites increased the UV protection factor (UPF) of the cotton fabric from 4.2 for the untreated sample to 15–21 for the functionalised samples. The UPF values of the coatings slightly decreased after repeated washing. The ZnO in the TiO2+ZnO composites conferred biocidal activity to the coatings, which were resistant to washing at higher ZnO concentrations. In addition, the TiO2 in the TiO2+ZnO composites was responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic self-cleaning of the functionalised cotton, which was observed during the initial period of illumination at lower ZnO concentrations in the composite. The main advantage of these TiO2+ZnO composite coatings is their multifunctionality, which cannot be provided by single-component TiO2 or ZnO coatings. Moreover, these coatings have wide-ranging practical applications, as they were composed of commercially available nanomaterials and were applied using conventional pad–dry–cure equipment.
Remote HbA1c testing via microsampling: fit for purpose?
Authors: Verougstraete Nick , Stove Veronique , Stove Christophe P.
Published: July 2023

The collection of capillary blood microsamples via finger-prick has several advantages over traditional blood collection. It is considered convenient and more patient-centric, enabling collection of the sample by the patient at her/his home with subsequent analysis in the lab following postal shipment. Determination of the diabetes biomarker HbA1c in self-collected microsamples to remotely monitor diabetes patients seems to be a very promising option which could eventually lead to better treatment adaptations and disease control. This is especially convenient/relevant for patients living in areas where venipuncture is impractical, or to support virtual consultations using telemedicine. Over the years, a substantial numbers of reports on HbA1c and microsampling have been published. However, the heterogeneity of the applied study designs and data evaluation is remarkable. This review provides a general and critical overview of these papers, along with specific points of attention that should be dealt with when aiming at implementing microsampling for reliable HbA1c determination. We focus on the used (dried) blood microsampling techniques, collection conditions, stability of the microsamples, sample extraction, analytical methods, method validation, correlation studies with conventional venous blood samples and patient satisfaction. Lastly, the possibility of using liquid instead of dried blood microsamples is discussed. Liquid blood microsampling is expected to have similar advantages as dried blood microsampling and several studies suggest it to be a suitable approach to collect samples remotely for subsequent HbA1c analysis in the lab.
Tensile properties of sandwich-designed carbon fiber filled PLA prepared via multi-material additive layered manufacturing and post-annealing treatment
Authors: Wang Zhaogui , Yin Xiuzeng , Wang Lihan
Published: July 2023

Polylactic Acid (PLA) experiences widely spread applications in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) owing to its relatively high stiffness, strength, and environmentally friendly biodegradability. Reinforcing inclusions like short carbon fibers are introduced to virgin PLA feedstock aiming to improve the mechanical performance of FFF-made products. Nevertheless, the rigid fibers significantly reduce the ductility of the overall fabricated parts. This study prepares sandwich specimens with PLA as core and its 10 wt% chopped carbon fiber reinforced composites (i.e., CF/PLA) as shell via a low-cost FFF-based multi-material additive layered manufacturing method. The sandwich specimen has three layers, which are changed according to different material volumes, which is able to design the local strength and toughness performances of a printed part. Tensile properties of these sandwich samples printed in the different volumetric rates of virgin PLA constituents are measured. It is found that the strength of sandwich specimens with 20% vol of PLA reduces noticeably as compared to the full CF/PLA specimens. The 80% vol specimens exhibit a competitive strength as compared to the 40% and 60% vol specimens, while its toughness increases notably as compared to the other cases. Finite element simulations of the layered manufacturing process show that the thermal residual stresses of 20% vol sandwich accumulates most significantly. We also explore the effects of thermal annealing on the prepared sandwiches. Experimental results indicated that the post-annealing process improved the strength and stiffness of the sandwich specimens, while enhancing the stability of the mechanical properties of the FFF printed sandwich.
Revisiting Dependency and Development in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Özekin Muhammed Kürşad
Published: July 2023

Does dependency theory no longer offer an analytical and conceptual framework for the study of underdevelopment under the dynamics of modern globalization and the new international division of labor? Has the emergence of newly industrialized countries and a rising proportion of higher value-added manufacturing in the Global South cast the notions of subordination, peripherality, and dependence into the dustbin of history? These questions are today answered affirmatively by a broad consensus. In contrast to this widely-held assertion in the current development discourse, this study aims to bring these notions back to critical development studies by offering an up-to-date and analytically valid theorization of dependency in today’s Global South. Taking the historical-structural dependency perspective as a point of departure, the study revisits the notion of dependent development by drawing on a set of conceptual insights derived from Schumpeter’s theory of innovation, Global Value Chain analyses, and a class-relational articulation of the developmental state. In doing so, the study shows how core and periphery activities have clustered in time and space, leading to polarization in today’s global economy, and how new forms of dependency have been spatially reproduced along hierarchically-structured global value chains through the interplay of transnational corporations, states, and classes.
A review of neuroimaging-based data-driven approach for Alzheimer’s disease heterogeneity analysis
Authors: Liu Lingyu , Sun Shen , Kang Wenjie , Wu Shuicai , Lin Lan
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex form of dementia and due to its high phenotypic variability, its diagnosis and monitoring can be quite challenging. Biomarkers play a crucial role in AD diagnosis and monitoring, but interpreting these biomarkers can be problematic due to their spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Therefore, researchers are increasingly turning to imaging-based biomarkers that employ data-driven computational approaches to examine the heterogeneity of AD. In this comprehensive review article, we aim to provide health professionals with a comprehensive view of past applications of data-driven computational approaches in studying AD heterogeneity and planning future research directions. We first define and offer basic insights into different categories of heterogeneity analysis, including spatial heterogeneity, temporal heterogeneity, and spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Then, we scrutinize 22 articles relating to spatial heterogeneity, 14 articles relating to temporal heterogeneity, and five articles relating to spatial-temporal heterogeneity, highlighting the strengths and limitations of these strategies. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of understanding spatial heterogeneity in AD subtypes and their clinical manifestations, biomarkers for abnormal orderings and AD stages, the recent advancements in spatial-temporal heterogeneity analysis for AD, and the emerging role of omics data integration in advancing personalized diagnosis and treatment for AD patients. By emphasizing the significance of understanding AD heterogeneity, we hope to stimulate further research in this field to facilitate the development of personalized interventions for AD patients.
Anatomical investigation of thermally compressed wood panels
Authors: Dogu Dilek , Tirak Kamile , Candan Zeki , Unsal Oner
Published: July 2023

Effects of temperature and press pressure on the anatomical structure of solid-wood panels produced by using Pinus sylvestris L. (Scotch pine) wood were evaluated. Solid wood panels with dimensions of 250 by 500 by 18 mm were hot-pressed using a laboratory hot press at a temperature of either 120°C or 150°C and pressure of either 5 or 7 MPa for 1 h. Microscopic investigations conducted by Light Microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the highest deformation occurred in earlywood regions of all growth rings for each process condition and the distribution of deformation was not uniform in growth rings. Cell-wall thickness was observed to be an important factor in wood behavior during thermal compressing processes. The results showed clearly that the impact of pressure in wood structure is promoted by increased temperature. Significant densification was observed at the maximum temperature and maximum pressure condition employed in the study, and almost all earlywood layers showed cell collapse. The study revealed that a homogenous structure of growth rings with the uniform earlywood and latewood widths throughout the wood samples plays a major role in prevention of cell collapse. The results indicated that both process conditions and anatomical structure of the wood have an interaction.
Flotation de-inking of 50% ONP/50% OMG recovered papers mixtures using nonionic surfactant, soap, and surfactant/soap blends
Authors: Allix Jérémy , Beneventi Davide , Zeno Elisa , Nortier Patrice
Published: July 2023

A laboratory flotation column equipped with Venturi aerators and an adjustable froth removal system was used to study the effect of calcium soap and a mixture of calcium soap/alkyl phenol ethoxylate surfactant on ink and fibres transfer during flotation de-inking of a 50% old newprint (ONP) / 50% old magazines (OMG) recovered papers mixture. Mass transport phenomena determining the yield of the flotation process were interpreted using model equations describing particle removal in terms of flotation, entrainment, and drainage in the froth. A decrease in the ink and mineral fillers flotation rate constant, drainage through the froth, and in fibre entrainment was observed when increasing the surfactant concentration. These trends were consistent with the typical dispersing action of the studied nonionic surfactant. An opposite effect on ink and fillers was observed when using calcium soap alone, and the increase in the flotation rate constant and drainage through the froth were consistent with the collecting and defoaming action of the calcium soap. Moreover, fibre entrainment decreased when increasing the soap concentration. The study of the surfactant/soap mixture highlighted the absence of synergy between the calcium soap and the surfactant.
The influence of the counter-ions to the charged groups on the refinability of never-dried bleached pulps
Authors: Bäckström Marie , Hammar Lars-Åke
Published: July 2023

Refining of bleached hardwood pulps and bleached softwood pulps having different counter-ions to the charged groups within the fibres was studied. The results show that an energy reduction of 50% for the hardwood pulps and 20% for the softwood pulp can be achieved if the fibres are converted into the Na+-form prior to refining. The results also show that the amount of charged groups in the fibres is important for the refinability, which explains why the refining efficiency is much lower for bleached softwood fibres, which have a much smaller amount of charged groups than the bleached hardwood pulp.
Review: Chitosan based hydrogel polymeric beads - As drug delivery system
Authors: Rani Manjusha , Agarwal Anuja , Negi Yuvraj Singh
Published: July 2023

Chitosan obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin is a non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable natural polymer. Chitosan-based hydrogel polymeric beads have been extensively studied as micro- or nano-particulate carriers in the pharmaceutical and medical fields, where they have shown promise for drug delivery as a result of their controlled and sustained release properties, as well as biocompatibility with tissue and cells. To introduce desired properties and enlarge the scope of the potential applications of chitosan, graft copolymerization with natural or synthetic polymers on it has been carried out, and also, various chitosan derivatives have been utilized to form beads. The desired kinetics, duration, and rate of drug release up to therapeutical level from polymeric beads are limited by specific conditions such as beads material and their composition, bead preparation method, amount of drug loading, drug solubility, and drug polymer interaction. The present review summarizes most of the available reports about compositional and structural effects of chitosan-based hydrogel polymeric beads on swelling, drug loading, and releasing properties. From the studies reviewed it is concluded that chitosan-based hydrogel polymeric beads are promising drug delivery systems.
Features of structure formation in economy alloyed chromo-manganese iron-carbon alloys for metallurgical equipment parts
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of. Z.I. Nekrasov of NAS of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine, Pliuta V. L. , Nesterenko A. M. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of. Z.I. Nekrasov of NAS of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

It was established that in cast chromium-manganese alloys of the transition class Fe–C–Mn–Cr system (carbon content no more than 2.2%) with a certain combination of Mn and Cr, the formation of crystals of highly hard carbide Me7C3 is possible. The relationship between the phase-concentration parameters and the structure formation of alloys of the Fe–C–Mn–Cr system was studied, the analysis of the relationship between the phase-concentration parameters, structure formation and properties was carried out on the compositions of the Fe–C–Mn and Fe–C– Mn–Cr with 1.5-2.1% C, with a variable content of Mn, Cr and additives of other alloying elements - Si and Ni at the level of impurities. A phase-concentration diagram of the crystallization of the alloys of this system was constructed, delimiting the regions of crystallization P → γ-Fe, P → γ-Fe + Me3C and P →(γ -Fe + Me7C3) + (γ-Fe + Me3C). It is shown that economically alloyed chromium-manganese alloys of the Fe–Mn–Cr–C system with eutectics based on Me7C3 carbide are characterized by a high level of shock-abrasive wear resistance, and the results of the conducted studies indicate the prospects of using economically alloyed chromium-manganese alloys and can be recommended for further research and use as wear-resistant materials for the manufacture of parts of replaceable metallurgical equipment, which are operated in severe conditions of abrasive and shock-abrasive wear. Keywords: phase-concentration diagram, microstructure, Me7C3 carbide, impact-abrasive wear resistance, chromium-manganese alloys
Multi-component NiFeCrWMo high entropy alloy, resulted from mechanical alloying
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nakonechnyi S.O. , Dmytryshyn D.R. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Moroz V.О. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yurkova A.I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

In this work, the evolution of the structure and phase composition of the multicomponent Ni-Fe-Cr-W-Mo system during mechanical alloying (MA) of an equiatomic mixture of elemental metal powders in a planetary mill is investigated. The formation of the phase composition and structure of the powdered equiatomic high-entropy NiFeCrWMo alloy at different stages of mechanical alloying was determined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray spectral analysis. It was found that during 10 hours of МА, a single-phase high-entropy alloy with the structure of a BCC solid solution in the nanostructural state with a crystallite size of 22 nm and a lattice strain (microstress) of 0.61 % was formed. It was shown that the metal components were completely dissolved in the solid state during mechanical alloying, in contrast to their limited solubility under equilibrium conditions. Moreover, despite the different features of the formation of solid solutions in high-entropy alloys and traditional materials, the order of dissolution of element atoms in the lattice of a solid solution follows general principles and occurs depending on the melting point in the following sequence: Ni→Fe→Cr→Mo→W. The average particle size of the produced powdered NiFeCrWMo high-entropy alloy is 3.8 μm, and their shape is predominantly spherical or close to spherical. The microstructure of the particles of the powdered NiFeCrWMo high-entropy alloy at the early stage (1.5 hours) of mechanical alloying is a layered structure formed in the process of grinding, deformation, and cold welding of particles of elemental metal powders. After 10 hours of МА, the microstructure of the alloy particles becomes homogeneous and contains a small amount of WC inclusions as a result of milling due to wear of grinding bodies in the MА process. The obtained NiFeCrWMo high-entropy alloy can be used in the future as a component/binder for other composite materials, for example, hard alloys based on WC to replace Co. Keywords: high-entropy alloy, mechanical alloying, structure, phase composition, solid solution, nanostructure
Acute appendicitis in newborns (literature review and own data)
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Konoplitskyi V.S. , Slipchuk K.I. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Korobko Yu.Ye. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Most often, acute appendicitis occurs in premature babies. The mortality rate from neonatal acute appendicitis in 2000 was 25-28%. Most often, the cause of inflammation of the appendix in newborns is a local form of necrotizing enterocolitis. Purpose - is to provide up-to-date information and to familiarise a wide range of medical professionals with the current issues of diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis in newborns. Acute appendicitis in newborns has a similar course to necrotizing enterocolitis. However, it should be noted that treatment tactics for these diseases are different. Necrotic enterocolitis in the absence of perforation and peritonitis is treated with conservative methods, while appendicitis is treated surgically in all cases. Ultrasound diagnosis has an advantage over computed tomography because it does not have a radiation burden on the newborn, so it is recommended as the first line of diagnosis among other imaging methods. In the case of appendage perforation, an important method is inspection radiography and the search for free gas in the abdominal cavity (52% of appendage perforations are visualized by inspection roentgenography). Сonclusions. Due to the rare occurrence of acute appendicitis among newborns, doctors may be less wary of this pathology, which often causes significant changes in the child's body and is a frequent cause of septic conditions due to the rapid spread of the inflammatory process due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of newborns. The speed of diagnosis and medical care, the correct determination of treatment tactics directly reduces the frequency and severity of postoperative complications, including purulent inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity and abdominal wall, as well as adhesive disease and adhesive intestinal obstruction in the first place. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
To the relevance of the problem of alimentary diseases in children
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Denysova M.F. , Gorban N.E. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Muzyka N.M. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.М. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Bukulova N.Yu. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.М. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2023

Purpose - to highlight the problem of alimentary diseases in childhood and their connection with the factors of unbalanced nutrition. An analysis of the literature on the role of unbalanced nutrition in the development of alimentary diseases in children and adolescents was carried out. The source of information for the analysis of questionnaires of adolescents (864 children) was the Ukrainian snippet of the international program ELSPAS (Europea Longitudinal Childhood), which made it possible to identify the interrelation of the nutritional characteristics of children with the risk of developing alimentary diseases. According to the data from the literature and our own research, changes in the structure of non-infectious morbidity in both the adult and child population in the 20th-21st centuries due to an increase in the frequency of alimentary diseases are associated with a tendency to nutritional disorders, namely, unbalanced nutrition. Studies, conducted within the department indicate significant nutritional deficiencies of adolescents and young children, which contributes to the development of alimentary diseases in this group of patients. The article shows the importance of the role of food as a risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease due to the imbalance of the diet in terms of energy value, the prevalence of unrefined fats and carbohydrates in the diet, the lack of plant fiber, etc. This makes it possible to scientifically substantiate preventive programs to diagnose nutritional disorders in children and adolescents to prevent complex disabling diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the proximal left tibia in the setting of cystic fibrosis related diabetes mellitus. Clinical case
Authors:   National Pirogov Мemorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Dudnyk V.M. , Furman V.H. ,   National Pirogov Мemorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Kutsak O.V. ,   National Pirogov Мemorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Pasik V.Yu. ,   National Pirogov Мemorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Fedchyshen O.P. ,   National Pirogov Мemorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) is a rare pathology that combines genetically determined systemicity with damage to the exocrine glands, which leads to early manifestations of the disease, a clear exacerbation and chronicity of the process, with possible complications in bone remodeling with the occurrence of malignant tumors. Purpose - to acquaint practitioners with the peculiarities of manifestations, diagnosis and course of chondroblastic osteosarcoma in a child with CFRD. Features of the clinical course and differential diagnosis are described and given osteosarcoma of the proximal part of the left tibia against the background of CFRD in a child. The main diagnostic value of history, clinical picture, laboratory, instrumental, immunohistochemical and microscopic research methods was highlighted, in particular, a biopsy of this tumor. Microscopic examination of tissue biopsy revealed alternating areas of atypical cartilaginous tissue corresponding to the structure of chondrosarcoma 1-2 cm, solid proliferates of atypical fibroblast-like cells and areas of atypical and fibroblastic tissue containing elements of atypical osteogenesis. Periosteally - randomly oriented bone fragments at the place of the cortical plate, as well as impressions of the lower metaphysis of the thigh and the upper metaphysis of the tibia, near the knee joint. The immunohistochemical examination showed a clear differential diagnosis of the existing CD99-positive tumor cells (DAKO, clone 12E7). Some cells were positive for SATB2 (Cell Marque, clone EP281); tumor cells were negative for S-100 - SOX-10. The histological picture and immunophenotype of the tumor cells correspond to chondroblastic osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma with genetic, metabolic and aplastic features developing in the setting of a comorbid background significantly complicates diagnosis and requires certain changes in the treatment tactics of CFRD (correction of prophylactic and basic therapy, metabolic and toxic disorders, including those caused by chemotherapy). The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Risk factors and short-term consequences of the absence or early cessation of breastfeeding in infants born preterm
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Starets O.O. , Khimenko T.M. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Kotova N.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Ismayilova S.I. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Kanarova O.V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Breastfeeding (BF) benefits all babies; it also benefits preterm infants, so it is crucial that mothers receive skilled and expanded lactation support. Purpose - to identify factors associated with the absence or early cessation of BF, to evaluate the short-term consequences of the absence of BF in preterm infants and to identify the relationship between feeding practices (BF vs formula feeding - FF) and adherence to preventive measures recommended for preterm children, related with food. Materials and methods. An anonymous online survey of parents (self-reported) of preterm infants was conducted using the Google Forms service. The study involved 390 children divided into two groups. The main group (MG) included 290 children who were on mechanical ventilation, and the control group (CG) included 70 children on BF. Results. Early termination of BF of a preterm baby or start from FF is associated with the following factors: maternal age under 18 or older than 38 years old (OR=3.47; 95% CI: 0.84-2.40), male gender of the child (OR=2.43; 95% CI: 1.41-4.18), birth from a multiple pregnancy (OR=1.94; 95% CI: 1.01-3.73), prolonged (more than 7 days) mechanical lung ventilation (OR=2.52; 95% CI: 1.36-4.66) and prolonged (more than 14 days) tube feeding of the child (OR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.14-3.36). Children of MG aged 6 months of adjusted age were significantly more likely to have delayed psychomotor development. Conclusions. When counseling parents on the nutrition of a child born pretermin the first year of life, it should be taken into account that in the absence of BF, parents start introducing the first complementary foods to the child later (р<0.001), including those rich in iron (р=0.01), and parents of a BF child more often neglect the recommendations for adding iron and vitamin D (OR=2.09 vs OR=1.92). The lack of BF of preterm babies for at least the first 6 months of life is associated with an increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis and acute respiratory diseases in the first year of life (OR=2.14 and OR=2.24, respectively). The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
On the issue of acute pancreatitis in children
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Banadyha N.V.
Published: July 2023

Purpose - to analyze modern approaches to understanding classification, etiopathogenesis, principles of diagnosis of pancreatitis in children. The pancreas has an important role in the processes of adequate digestion and assimilation of nutrients, as it ensures the fermentation of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The problem of pancreatitis in pediatrics worries not only domestic specialists, it is extremely important for study by the medical community in the world. Experts of the European Pancreatic Club focused on the fact that the incidence of acute pancreatitis has increased over the last 10-15 years and is 3.6-13.3 cases per 100,000 children. Taking into account such statistics, acute pancreatitis leaves the rubric of rare diseases, as it approaches the frequency in adults. It is important to understand the leading etiological factors of pancreatitis in childhood, as they are not identical to those in adult patients. However, the etiological factors in children are not of the same type according to the data of various studies. For example, according to the results of a twelve-year research in the USA, the dominant causes of pancreatitis in children were biliary tract problems (36.2%) and drug use (25.6%). Among sick children living in India, the causes were mostly injuries (21%) and biliary pathology. One of the latest data obtained in the study of children in the USA shows the structure of etiological factors: idiopathic (31%) and the influence of medications (23%). Analysis of the clinical course of the first episode of pancreatitis in children revealed that age, male gender, pancreatic necrosis and a higher body mass index were associated with the formation of a recurrent course. However, it is necessary to take into account possible anatomical anomalies of the biliary tract, hyperlipidemia and genetic factors. Modern guidelines and clinical recommendations for the diagnosis of pancreatitis in children mostly coincide and suggest taking into account the existing clinical symptoms and their consistency with the data of additional research methods. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
O CURRÍCULO COMO NARRATIVA ÉTNICO-RACIAL
Authors: Silva Marcos Vinicius Marques da , Portela Edinólia Lima
Published: July 2023

Objetiva-se discutir a formação de professores e o currículo que a estrutura a partir de uma perspectiva afrocentrada. O currículo é aqui concebido como espaço de poder e território de disputas que, ao longo da história, tem se desenvolvido em uma perspectiva eurocêntrica, invisibilizando saberes africanos e afro-brasileiros por meio de práticas epistemicidas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho estrutura-se em três seções. Primeiramente, faz-se uma breve incursão pelas teorias curriculares de modo a apreender o currículo como um espaço no qual estão imbricadas diferentes relações de poder que, de certo modo, implicam no silenciamento de conhecimentos e representações de matriz africana; em seguida, adentra-se o território epistemológico da afrocentricidade, que surge em resposta ao paradigma eurocêntrico, apresentando as principais características e conceitos fundamentais da teoria afrocêntrica; por fim, na terceira seção, apresenta-se reflexões para o desenvolvimento do currículo e da formação de professores em uma perspectiva afrocentrada.
REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS MULHERES NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DO PNLD CAMPO E SUAS POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Santos Maria Luíza Lucas dos , Maldonado Maritza Maciel Castrillon , Peripolli Odimar João
Published: July 2023

No Brasil os livros didáticos são os principais artefatos utilizados pelos professores da rede pública no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, contribuindo, consubstancialmente, na constituição de sujeitos de determinados tipos.  Com base nessa constatação, percebemos a necessidade de problematizar como estes materiais representam homens e mulheres em seus enunciados e ilustrações. Para isso, escolhemos como objeto de pesquisa a coleção de livros didáticos “Novo Girassol: saberes e fazeres do campo”, do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático e do Material Didático (PNLD) Campo, utilizando como método de análise ferramentas arqueo-genealógicas. Como resultado, percebemos que as mulheres ainda possuem menos espaços de representação do que os homens nos livros didáticos, e que muitas vezes os papéis reforçam estereótipos de gênero, de raça e de classe. Porém, acreditamos na força desses artefatos, enquanto rizomas, que podem produzir efeitos outros nos corpos que os utilizam, desde que outras histórias sejam contadas, outras imagens sejam veiculadas. Ao final sugerimos que histórias de mulheres brasileiras, que se destacam sócio-cultural-artisticamente, sejam adicionadas às coleções de livros didáticos pertencentes ao PNLD e que encontrem igualdade de oportunidade para demonstrar seus feitos.
NARRATIVAS DE MÉDICAS NEGRAS SOBRE SEU PROCESSO DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO
Authors: Caldeira Maria Carolina , Abreu Ieda Marisa Trindade Moreira de
Published: July 2023

Este artigo busca contribuir com as reflexões acerca da importância de se discutir as relações étnico raciais ao apresentar narrativas de experiências escolares de médicas negras que vivenciaram situações de racismo estrutural, durante toda a trajetória escolar, incluindo o curso superior em medicina na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Essas narrativas foram produzidas em uma pesquisa de Mestrado que investigou processos de subjetivação de cinco mulheres negras e pobres que ingressaram no curso de medicina no ano de 2009 concluindo-o no ano de 2014. A pesquisa que dá base a este artigo opera com conceitos foucaultianos, em especial os modos de subjetivação. Como metodologia foram utilizadas as entrevistas narrativas, entendidas como uma técnica para produção de informações de pesquisa por meio de uma conversa, a partir de alguns eixos estruturantes. O argumento deste artigo é o de que o corpo negro é o alvo sobre o qual incidem as relações de poder que se referem ao racismo. Assim, para produzir modos de subjetivação, as médicas precisaram ressignificar esse corpo (particularmente no que concerne ao cabelo negro e à cor da pele), fazendo com que ele ocupasse um lugar social historicamente negado ao corpo negro. Nesse processo, elas desestabilizam as relações de poder, criam resistências e produzem outros modos de ser.