bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STAT3 Targets ERR-α to Promote Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition, Migration, and Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Ma Jia-Hui , Qi Jie , Lin Shi-Qi , Zhang Cai-Yun , Liu Fang-yuan , Xie Wei-Dong , Li Xia
Published: August 2019

STAT3 is constitutively activated in many malignant tumor types and plays an important role in multiple aspects of cancer aggressiveness. In this study, we found that estrogen-related receptor α (ERR-α) correlating with STAT3 was highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and tissues, which was associated with both the pathologic stage and prognosis of patients with TNBC. In vitro studies showed that ERR-α promoted TNBC cell migration and invasion, which was regulated by STAT3. Phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3, Tyr 705) could bind to the promotor of ERR-α, and activate its transcription, which was suggested by luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. We also found that ERR-α was the key target gene regulated by STAT3 in promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion. ERR-α upregulated the expression of ZEB1, N-cadherin, and vimentin while downregulated the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that ERR-α could increase the metastasis ability of TNBC. Our finding demonstrated that ERR-α was a direct regulatory gene target of p-STAT3, which was enriched for processes involving invasion and metastasis in TNBC and provided insight into TNBC pathogenesis, as well as a potential therapeutic option against TNBC metastasis.

Implications:

Our research first showed that p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) could bind to the promotor region of ERR-α and promote EMT in TNBC by ZEB1 pathways, thus providing a potential clinical target for TNBC.
Association of Smoking Status With Long‐Term Mortality and Health Status After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry
Authors: Qintar Mohammed , Li Zhuokai , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Chhatriwalla Adnan K. , Baron Suzanne J. , Kosinski Andrzej S. , Saxon John T. , Spertus John A. , Cohen David J. , Arnold Suzanne V.
Published: August 2019

Background

Smoking is a significant risk factor for aortic stenosis but its impact on clinical and health status outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (
TAVR
) has not been described.

Methods and Results

Patients (n=72 165) undergoing
TAVR
at 457
US
sites in the STS/
ACC TVT
(Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy) Registry between November 2011 and June 2016 were categorized at the time of
TAVR
as current/recent smokers versus prior/nonsmokers. A series of multivariable models examined the association between smoking status and outcomes, including 1‐year mortality, rehospitalization, mean gradient, and health status (measured by the 12‐item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire–Overall Summary Score [
KCCQ
‐
OS
]) and in‐hospital outcomes. A total of 4063 patients (5.6%) were smokers. Smokers presented for
TAVR
at a younger age (75 [68–81] years versus 83 [77–88] years) but with a greater burden of cardiovascular and lung disease. In adjusted models, smoking was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality (relative risk, 0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.62–0.89 [
P
=0.001]) but not with in‐hospital stroke/transient ischemic attack or myocardial infarction. Smoking status had no association with postdischarge mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, or heart failure (HF) but was associated with slightly lower 1‐year
KCCQ
‐
OS
scores (2.4‐point lower
KCCQ
‐
OS
; 95%
CI
, −4.6 to −0.2 [
P
=0.031]) and higher mean aortic valve gradients (11.1 versus 10.2 mm Hg,
P
<0.001) in adjusted models.

Conclusions

The current/recent smoking rate in
US
patients with TAVR is 5.6% and smokers present at a younger age for
TAVR
. Smoking was associated with lower in‐hospital but similar long‐term survival after
TAVR
, slightly worse long‐term health status, and marginally higher mean aortic valve gradients. Further research is needed to understand the effect of smoking cessation on outcomes.
Interaction of α Carboxyl Terminus 1 Peptide With the Connexin 43 Carboxyl Terminus Preserves Left Ventricular Function After Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jiang Jingbo , Hoagland Daniel , Palatinus Joseph A. , He Huamei , Iyyathurai Jegan , Jourdan L. Jane , Bultynck Geert , Wang Zhen , Zhang Zhiwei , Schey Kevin , Poelzing Steven , McGowan Francis X. , Gourdie Robert G.
Published: August 2019

Background

α Carboxyl terminus 1 (α
CT
1) is a 25–amino acid therapeutic peptide incorporating the zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1)–binding domain of connexin 43 (Cx43) that is currently in phase 3 clinical testing on chronic wounds. In mice, we reported that α
CT
1 reduced arrhythmias after cardiac injury, accompanied by increases in protein kinase Cε phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine 368. Herein, we characterize detailed molecular mode of action of α
CT
1 in mitigating cardiac ischemia‐reperfusion injury.

Methods and Results

To study α
CT
1‐mediated increases in phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine 368, we undertook mass spectrometry of protein kinase Cε phosphorylation assay reactants. This indicated potential interaction between negatively charged residues in the α
CT
1 Asp‐Asp‐Leu‐Glu‐Iso sequence and lysines (Lys345, Lys346) in an α‐helical sequence (helix 2) within the Cx43‐
CT
. In silico modeling provided further support for this interaction, indicating that α
CT
1 may interact with both Cx43 and
ZO
‐1. Using surface plasmon resonance, thermal shift, and phosphorylation assays, we characterized a series of α
CT
1 variants, identifying peptides that interacted with either
ZO
‐1–postsynaptic density‐95/disks large/zonula occludens‐1 2 or Cx43‐
CT
, but with limited or no ability to bind both molecules. Only peptides competent to interact with Cx43‐
CT
, but not
ZO
‐1–postsynaptic density‐95/disks large/zonula occludens‐1 2 alone, prompted increased
pS
368 phosphorylation. Moreover, in an ex vivo mouse model of ischemia‐reperfusion injury, preischemic infusion only with those peptides competent to bind Cx43 preserved ventricular function after ischemia‐reperfusion. Interestingly, a short 9–amino acid variant of α
CT
1 (α
CT
11) demonstrated potent cardioprotective effects when infused either before or after ischemic injury.

Conclusions

Interaction of α
CT
1 with the Cx43, but not
ZO
‐1, is correlated with cardioprotection. Pharmacophores targeting Cx43‐
CT
could provide a translational approach to preserving heart function after ischemic injury.
Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering in Patients With Renal Impairment and Lacunar Stroke
Authors: Makin Stephen , Whiteley William N.
Published: August 2019

See Article
Agarwal et al
Three new species of Tubifera from Tasmania and New South Wales

Authors: LLOYD SARAH J. , LEONTYEV DMITRY V. , DAGAMAC NIKKI HEHERSON A.
Published: August 2019

Three new myxomycete species, Tubifera glareata, T. tomentosa and T. vanderheuliae, are described on the basis of morphological investigations and the partial 18S rDNA barcoding. Tubifera vanderheuliae, collected in Tasmania and New South Wales, is characterized by small, bouquet-shaped pseudoaethalia, cylindrical sporothecae somewhat extended at the top, and the largest spores known thus far within the genus (7.5–10.5 μm). Tubifera glareata, found thus far only in Tasmania, is somewhat similar to T. applanata found in the Holarctic region, but differs from the latter by the larger spores, absence of ring-like ornamentation on the peridium, and the smaller subspherical pseudoaethalia. Tubifera tomentosa, also collected in Tasmania, differs from the related species T. dudkae by the conspicuous amorphous felt-like cover on the surface of the pseudoaethalia.
The Fixator—A simple method for mounting of arthropod specimens and photography of complex structures in liquid
Authors: WANKE DOMINIC , BIGALK SONIA , KROGMANN LARS , WENDT INGO , RAJAEI HOSSEIN
Published: August 2019

Mounting and preparing arthropods in liquids for photography and further investigations is a challenging task and may lead to unsatisfactory results and, in the worst case, to damage to specimens. A new method is presented here, which allows the fixation of specimens of different sizes under various degrees of pressure. The method is illustrated by three case studies from different groups of insects and arachnids.
First record of Artoria Thorell, 1877 (Araneae: Lycosidae) from Malaysia, with the description of a new species
Authors: WANG LU-YU , ZHANG ZHI-SHENG , PENG XIAN-JIN
Published: August 2019

The wolf spider genus Artoria Thorell, 1877 is a common group in Australasia, currently including 41 species from Australia, three from New Zealand and four from Pacific islands (Framenau & Baehr 2018; Word Spider Catalog 2019). This does not, however, comprise the whole distribution of the genus. The type species, A. parvula Thorell, 1877 has been recorded from China, Philippines, Indonesia (Sulawesi) and Australia (Northern Territory). An endemic species, A. ligulacea (Qu, Peng & Yin, 2009) was described from Yunnan, China. This indicates that there must be some undescribed species from Southeast Asian countries. A recent collecting expedition to Malaysia confirms this hypothesis. Two species of Artoria were found, the type species, A. parvula from East and West Malaysia and a new species, A. weiwei sp. nov. from East Malaysia. In this study, we illustrate the former and describe for the first time the latter species.
Two new species of the genus Geckobia Mégnin, 1878 (Acariformes, Prostigmata, Pterygosomatidae) from Peru
Authors: MACHADO INGRID B. , GAZÊTA GILBERTO S. , PÉREZ JOSÉ Z. , CUNHA RODOLFO , GIUPPONI ALESSANDRO P. DE L.
Published: August 2019

Two new species of Geckobia Mégnin, 1878, Geckobia andina n. sp. and Geckobia circumdata n. sp., ectoparasites commonly reported on geckos, are described from the host species Phyllodactylus gerrhopygus (Wiegmann). The specimens were collected in the subtropical region of the Andean Pacific of Peru. The geographic distribution of species of Geckobia in South America and the Caribbean are mapped. Furthermore, a dichotomous key for the species of New World Geckobia is provided.
Confronting Wartime Sexual Violence: Public Support for Survivors in Bosnia
Authors: Page Douglas , Whitt Samuel
Published: August 2019

Existing research on conflict-related sexual violence focuses on the motivations of perpetrators and effects on survivors. What remains less clear is how postconflict societies respond to the hardships survivors face. In survey experiments in Bosnia, we examine public support for financial aid, legal aid, and public recognition for survivors. First, we find a persistent ethnocentric view of sexual violence, where respondents are less supportive when the perpetrator is identified as co-ethnic and survivors are perceived as out-groups. Second, respondents are less supportive of male survivors than female survivors, which we attribute to social stigmas surrounding same-gender sexual activity. Consistent with our argument, those who are intolerant of homosexuality are especially averse to providing aid to male survivors. This study points to the long-term challenges survivors face due to ethnic divisions and social stigmatization from sexual violence.
Brand disclosure and source partiality affect native advertising recognition and media credibility
Authors: Li You , Wang Ye
Published: August 2019

This study explores how textual characteristics of native advertising affected audiences’ advertising recognition and perceived message credibility and media channel credibility. Findings show that repeated mentioning of brand names increased audiences’ advertising recognition but did not affect perceived message credibility or media credibility. Using sponsor-affiliated sources increased audiences’ advertising recognition but decreased perceived message credibility and media credibility. The study recommends frequent and early sponsorship disclosure and cautions against using sponsor-affiliated sources in native advertising.
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma Size Measurement in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Noncontrast vs Contrast-Enhanced 3-Dimensional T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Authors: Hill Brook J. , Gadde Judith A. , Palasis Susan
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

Tuberous sclerosis complex is a multisystem genetic disorder characterized by multiorgan hamartomas, seizures, and developmental delay. Current consensus recommendations for tuberous sclerosis complex include brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without and with contrast every 1 to 3 years until age 25 years for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma screening, and more often in patients with known subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Recent reports in the literature regarding gadolinium deposition have prompted us to investigate the added value of intravenous contrast in this setting.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-nine MRI examinations from 12 tuberous sclerosis complex patients with known subependymal giant cell astrocytoma were retrospectively reviewed for all caudothalamic groove lesions larger than 1 cm. Lesions were measured in 2 planes on both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced axial 3-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted imaging in a randomized fashion by 2 attending pediatric neuroradiologists. Differences in lesion measurements were compared to zero using a 1-sample t test.

Results:

On average, radiologist A measured lesions 1.1 mm larger in long-axis diameter without contrast ( P = .0003), whereas radiologist B measured lesions 0.1 mm larger without contrast (not significant). Differences in lesion measurement were smaller when comparing noncontrast to contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted imaging than when comparing radiologist A to radiologist B.

Conclusions:

Noncontrast axial 3D T1-weighted imaging is similar to contrast-enhanced axial 3D T1-weighted imaging for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma size measurement. It has high accuracy and may be a safer and more efficient imaging method for tuberous sclerosis complex patients who commonly undergo numerous MRI examinations throughout their lifetime. Further studies may be appropriate to determine whether contrast material could be beneficial in certain situations.
Dynamic rheological properties of spotted mangrove/high-density polyethylene composites
Authors: Adebayo Ganiyat Olusola , Hassan Aziz , Yahya Rosiyah , Okieimen Felix , Sarih Norazilawati Muhamad
Published: August 2019

This study describes the viscoelastic characterizations of unmodified and heat-modified mangrove particle (MP)-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. The untreated (unmodified) and treated (modified) MPs were compounded with HDPE matrix at 10, 20 and 30 wt% in a twin-screw extruder and compression moulded into thin sheets for rheological characterizations (amplitude and frequency sweeps). The amplitude sweeps of the dynamic rheological analysis indicated that 20 wt% treated composite has the highest linear viscoelastic region of 0.1% with the highest storage and loss modulus of 1310 and 150 kPa, respectively. The frequency sweep showed an increase in storage and loss moduli as particle loading increased. The zero shear viscosities of pure HDPE were nearly 3990 Pa·s, while the MP-reinforced HDPE composites were ≥185,440 Pa·s with treated composites exhibiting higher values.
Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in children with carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Teksam O , Sabuncuoğlu S , Girgin G , Özgüneş H
Published: August 2019

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to investigate oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.

Methods:

The study was conducted prospectively between March 1, 2015 and April 30, 2016 in the pediatric emergency department. Eligible patients included children aged 0–18 years old with a diagnosis of CO poisoning. To determination of oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels, venous blood with heparinized and urine samples were drawn during the admission and after normobaric oxygen (NBO) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment.

Results:

Forty-seven children with CO poisoning for study group and 29 patients as control group were included to the study. Sixteen patients treated with HBO. Basal plasma malondialdehyde levels were found to be significantly higher in the CO poisoning group when compared with the control group ( p = 0.019). There is no significant difference in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels except erythrocyte catalase enzyme levels in patients treated with NBO when comparing before and after NBO treatment ( p > 0.05). Decreasing of basal erythrocyte catalase enzyme levels were found statistically significant after NBO treatment ( p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels in patients treated with HBO before and after therapy ( p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

CO poisoning is associated with increased lipid peroxidation in children immediately after the poisoning. However, both treatment modalities including NBO or HBO do not have a significant effect on oxidative stress or antioxidant parameter levels.
Comparison of end‐tidal carbon dioxide and point‐of‐care echocardiography for fluid response at the bedside
Authors: Korkut Semih , Ünlüer Erden Erol , Karagöz Arif , Mnif Karama Bouchaala , Kadioğlu Emine
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

In this study, we aimed to compare cardiac output, echocardiographic pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide values before and after the passive leg raising maneuver in healthy volunteers.

Methods:

The Ethical Commission approved the study. A total of 36 volunteers were included after signed informed consent in our study. After 12 h of fasting, vital signs, cardiac output, pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide were measured when the participants were lying supine. Then, participants’ legs were elevated to 45° passively, and all measurements were repeated. Pulmonary velocity‐time integral was obtained in parasternal short‐axis view with the aid of pulse Doppler. Pulmonary root measurements were recorded. Echocardiographic stroke volume and cardiac output were calculated. The differences between values of cardiac output, pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide before and after passive leg raising were statistically compared. The level of significance was accepted as p < 0.05.

Results:

Significant differences were found between pre‐ and post‐passive leg raising values of these three measurements. The effect of passive leg raising on pulmonary velocity‐time integral measurements was greater. The change in end‐tidal carbon dioxide was not correlated with either cardiac output or pulmonary velocity‐time integral alteration.

Conclusion:

Our results showed that measurement of pulmonary velocity‐time integral changes after passive leg raising is a more useful bedside method to predict fluid responsiveness than measurement of end‐tidal carbon dioxide and cardiac output alteration.
Relative effects of trade liberalization on poverty: Evidence from Thailand
Authors: Durongkaveroj Wannaphong , Ryu Taehyun
Published: August 2019

Trade liberalization has long been expected to contribute to poverty reduction. The economy of Thailand provides an excellent case to study this relationship because its economy has structurally transformed in the past few decades through the export-oriented growth strategies. The purpose of this article is to examine the relative effect of Thailand’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 on poverty reduction, using a unique data set compiled from labour force survey and tariff data. Variation in production composition across provinces allows us to examine a relative impact of such trade reform. Using the instrument variable estimation, we found that provinces in which employers are concentrated in industries exposed to a greater tariff reduction experience more rapid poverty reduction and more income growth than less exposed provinces. This impact on poverty and income is also more pronounced in urban areas. We hypothesize that labour mobility is a potential channel underpinning this effect.
Cardiovascular Health of Retired Field-Based Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: McHugh Cliodhna , Hind Karen , Davey Daniel , Wilson Fiona
Published: August 2019

Background:

Retirement from elite sport participation is associated with decreased physical activity, depression, obesity, and ischemic heart disease. Although engagement in physical activity through sport is recognized as cardioprotective, an estimated one-quarter of deaths in American football players are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), predominately in players classified as obese.

Purpose:

To systematically investigate the cardiovascular health profile of retired field-based athletes.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

This review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and preregistered with PROSPERO. Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception to October 2018 using MeSH terms and keywords. Inclusion criteria were retired field-based athletes, age >18 years, and at least 1 CVD risk factor according to the European Society of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Review articles were not included. Control groups were not required for inclusion, but when available, an analysis was included. Eligible articles were extracted using Covidence. Methodological quality was assessed independently by 2 reviewers using the AXIS tool. The accuracy of individual study estimates was analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis.

Results:

This review yielded 13 studies. A total of 4350 male retired field-based athletes from 2 sports (football and soccer; age range, 42.2-66 years) were included. Eight studies compared retired athletes with control groups. Retired athletes had elevated systolic blood pressure in 4 of 6 studies; approximately 50% of studies found greater high-density lipoprotein, approximately 80% found lower triglyceride levels, and all studies found greater low-density lipoprotein for retired athletes compared with controls. The prevalence and severity of coronary artery calcium and carotid artery plaque were similar to controls. Retired linemen had double the prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome compared with nonlinemen.

Conclusion:

The overall findings were mixed. Inconsistencies in the reporting of CVD risk factors and methodological biases reduced the study quality. Retired athletes had a comparable CVD risk profile with the general population. Retired athletes with an elevated body mass index had an increased prevalence and severity of risk factors. Significant gaps remain in understanding the long-term cardiovascular effects of elite athleticism.
From the street to the metropolitan region: Pedestrian perspective in urban fabric analysis
Authors: Araldi Alessandro , Fusco Giovanni
Published: August 2019

The urban fabric is a fundamental small-scale component of urban form. Its quantitative analysis has so far been limited either in its geographical extent or in the diversity of components analysed. Moreover, the planning approach has traditionally privileged an aerial perspective. A new approach integrating the pedestrian point of view is proposed. Spatial analysis procedures are implemented with a twofold objective: identifying urban fabrics and studying their spatial organization within a large metropolitan area. The former is achieved through multiple fabric assessment, a three-step protocol using a network-based partition of urban space: (i) a set of skeletal streetscape indicators is implemented on each spatial unit, considering different constituents of the urban fabric; (ii) spatial patterns on the street network are identified, applying geostatistical analysis to each indicator; and (iii) spatial patterns with Bayesian clustering are recombined, allowing the identification and characterization of urban fabric types and subspaces within the city. This methodology is tested on the French Riviera metropolitan area, where nine families of urban fabric are identified. Disentangling the spatial organization of urban fabrics represents the second objective of this paper: the geographical distribution of urban fabrics is investigated, applying mathematical morphology and variography while considering network-constrained topological contiguities.
Patterns of Eastern European urbanisation in the mirror of Western trends – Convergent, unique or hybrid?
Authors: Taubenböck H , Gerten C , Rusche K , Siedentop S , Wurm M
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a cross-sectional analysis of the urban land use patterns of 230 city regions in 34 European countries and an in-depth longitudinal analysis of 10 selected regions. The guiding question is whether the post-socialist transformation of urban spatial structure in Eastern European regions can be interpreted as an adaption process to Western-style urbanisation and how far a process of ‘mimicry’ has reached. Our empirical approach is based on a model designed to measure binary urban land use patterns with respect to spatial dispersion. As cities and city regions vary in spatial pattern and size, we calculate the dispersion index for three different standardised extents: squares of 25 and 50 km around the defined urban centres as well as city-adjusted accessibility isochrones. Our input layers are binary settlement classifications derived from multi-temporal Earth observation data. For the cross-sectional analysis, we cover entire Europe, and for the longitudinal analysis, we cover a sample of 10 cities for Western and Eastern Europe of predominantly capital cities of different sizes at four time steps – 1975, 1990, 2000 and 2010. We found significant differences between Western and Eastern European city regions as they have entered different stages of urbanisation. Eastern city regions are less populated, less urbanised, more dispersed and denser than regions in the West. Processes of post-socialist urban restructuring have definitely resulted in a change in land use patterns similar to that of Western Europe since the late 1950s. We nevertheless do not think that a ‘catch-up’ growth, leading to full convergence with Western-style urbanisation, will be a realistic future scenario. Eastern European urbanisation can best be characterised as hybrid: cities and city regions simultaneously manifest characteristics of convergent adaptation and path-dependency; they prove typical features of capitalist urbanisation, but relics of the socialist past are still omnipresent.
Predictive validity of a novel non-invasive estimation of effective shunt fraction in critically ill patients
Authors: Chang Emma M. , Bretherick Andrew , Drummond Gordon B. , Baillie J Kenneth
Published: August 2019

Background

Accurate measurement of pulmonary oxygenation is important for classification of disease severity and quantification of outcomes in clinical studies. Currently, tension-based methods such as P/F ratio are in widespread use, but are known to be less accurate than content-based methods. However, content-based methods require invasive measurements or sophisticated equipment that are rarely used in clinical practice. We devised two new methods to infer shunt fraction from a single arterial blood gas sample: (1) a non-invasive effective shunt (ES) fraction calculated using a rearrangement of the indirect Fick equation, standard constants, and a procedural inversion of the relationship between content and tension and (2) inferred values from a database of outputs from an integrated mathematical model of gas exchange (DB). We compared the predictive validity—the accuracy of predictions of PaO2 following changes in FIO2—of each measure in a retrospective database of 78,159 arterial blood gas (ABG) results from critically ill patients.

Results

In a formal test set comprising 9,635 pairs of ABGs, the median absolute error (MAE) values for the four measures were as follows: alveolar-arterial difference, 7.30 kPa; PaO2/FIO2 ratio, 2.41 kPa; DB, 2.13 kPa; and ES, 1.88 kPa. ES performed significantly better than other measures (p < 10-10 in all comparisons). Further exploration of the DB method demonstrated that obtaining two blood gas measurements at different FIO2 provides a more precise description of pulmonary oxygenation.

Conclusions

Effective shunt can be calculated using a computationally efficient procedure using routinely collected arterial blood gas data and has better predictive validity than other analytic methods. For practical assessment of oxygenation in clinical research, ES should be used in preference to other indices. ES can be calculated at http://baillielab.net/es.
Ankyrin-G induces nucleoporin Nup358 to associate with the axon initial segment of neurons
Authors: Khalaf Bouchra , Roncador Alessandro , Pischedda Francesca , Casini Antonio , Thomas Sabine , Piccoli Giovanni , Kiebler Michael , Macchi Paolo
Published: August 2019

Nup358 (also known as RanBP2) is a member of the large nucleoporin family that constitutes the nuclear pore complex. Depending on the cell type and the physiological state, Nup358 interacts with specific partner proteins and influences distinct mechanisms independent of its role in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Here, we provide evidence that Nup358 associates selectively with the axon initial segment (AIS) of mature neurons, mediated by the AIS scaffold protein ankyrin-G (AnkG, also known as Ank3). The N-terminus of Nup358 is demonstrated to be sufficient for its localization at the AIS. Further, we show that Nup358 is expressed as two isoforms, one full-length and another shorter form of Nup358. These isoforms differ in their subcellular distribution in neurons and expression level during neuronal development. Overall, the present study highlights an unprecedented localization of Nup358 within the AIS and suggests its involvement in neuronal function.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Physical Activity and Academic Performance: Genetic and Environmental Associations
Authors: AALTONEN SARI , LATVALA ANTTI , JELENKOVIC ALINE , ROSE RICHARD J. , KUJALA URHO M. , KAPRIO JAAKKO , SILVENTOINEN KARRI
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Physical activity and academic performance are believed to be associated. Though both traits are partially heritable, it remains unclear whether these traits also share a genetic and/or environmental background in common. We aimed to examine to what extent leisure time physical activity and academic performance share genetic and environmental effects from early adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods

Participants were Finnish twins (2543–2693 individuals/study wave) who reported their leisure-time physical activity at ages 12, 14, 17, and 24 yr. Academic performance was assessed with teacher-reported grade point averages at ages 12 and 14 yr and by self-reported educational levels at ages 17 and 24 yr. Bivariate quantitative genetic modeling at each age and between different ages was performed to decompose the trait correlation between academic performance and physical activity into genetic and environmental components.

Results

The trait correlations between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were positive, but modest at most (r
trait = 0.08–0.22 in males, and 0.07–0.18 in females). The genetic correlations between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were higher than the trait correlations (r
A = 0.17–0.43 in males, and 0.15–0.25 in females). Common genetic influences explained 43% to 100% of the trait correlations. Environmental influences shared by cotwins between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were also correlated (r
C = 0.27–0.54 in males, and 0.21–0.69 in females) explaining 41% to 100% of the trait correlations. Unique environmental influences were correlated only in females (r
E = 0.10–0.15).

Conclusions

Both common genetic background and shared family environment (i.e., familial background) partially account for the associations observed between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance. However, the estimates vary in magnitude by age.
Διαχείριση Ιστορικότητας και Εθνική Ταυτότητα για νεαρούς ενηλίκους: Η Μικρή Ηρωίδα της Γαλάτειας Καζαντζάκη, του P.-J. Stahl και της M. Vilinska
Authors: Ζερβού Αλεξάνδρα
Published: August 2019

.
Classification of the nucleolytic ribozymes based upon catalytic mechanism
Authors: Lilley David M.J.
Published: August 2019

The nucleolytic ribozymes carry out site-specific RNA cleavage reactions by nucleophilic attack of the 2′-oxygen atom on the adjacent phosphorus with an acceleration of a million-fold or greater. A major part of this arises from concerted general acid–base catalysis. Recent identification of new ribozymes has expanded the group to a total of nine and this provides a new opportunity to identify sub-groupings according to the nature of the general base and acid. These include nucleobases, hydrated metal ions, and 2′-hydroxyl groups. Evolution has selected a number of different combinations of these elements that lead to efficient catalysis. These differences provide a new mechanistic basis for classifying these ribozymes.
Aproximações - Cinema «e» Cristianismo. Fé e Movimento do Cinema. De João Mário Grilo a Pier Paolo Pasolini
Authors: Nóbrega Diogo
Published: August 2019

Este estudo interroga a modalidade da relação existente entre cinema (gr. kī́nēma, “movimento”) e cristianismo. Num itinerário que se pretende de âmbito filosófico, o argumento compreende, em traços gerais, dois momentos, duas compreensões distintas da relação entre as esferas nomeadas: 1) a análise do filme Os Olhos da Ásia (1996), de João Mário Grilo. Acompanhamos, nesse particular, a estrutura de um movimento reduzido a um exercício medialógico de reprodução da herança metafísica que o cristianismo recepta e agrava, sujeitando o existente a um corpo de narrativa e de mensagem que se concretiza na un-identidade de um Deus único, i.e., numa suspensão do movimento; 2) a análise do filme Il Vangelo Secondo Matteo (1964), de Pier Paolo Pasolini. Defendemos, a esse título, que o filme se constrói a partir de uma incompatibilidade de princípio entre movimento e pontualidade. O que é dizer a partir da exigência rigorosamente a-teológica de que o cinema, segundo Pasolini, é portador. Porém, mais do que a indicação de uma ausência pura e simples, a ausência ou a morte do Deus do cristianismo, o filme figura e/ou rememora um ausentar-se, ou bem um esvaziar-se de substância na e como figura humana, repensando sempre de novo e diferentemente o esvaziamento (gr. kénōsis) que Paulo de Tarso anuncia na Epístola aos Filipenses (2, 6-11). Cinema e cristianismo, ser e movimento entretecem, aqui, uma única e mesma questão, a questão de uma fidelidade da figura ao rasgão imprevisível de um apelo, do que vem e de quem vem de algures, sem precedente ou exemplo, radicalmente novo, de cada vez.
Atores em Kiarostami: do mundo iraniano para o palco italiano
Authors: Wahrhaftig Alexandre
Published: August 2019

Este ensaio investiga o trabalho dos atores no filme Cópia fiel (Copie conforme, 2010), de Abbas Kiarostami. O filme, rodado na Itália, difere em muito da obra do diretor realizada no Irã, na qual o elenco era formado por atores não profissionais cujas vidas, muitas vezes, integravam-se à narrativa dos filmes. Já em Cópia fiel estamos diante de uma estrela internacional (Juliette Binoche) e de um cantor de ópera (William Shimell) que evidentemente interpretam papeis que não se confundem com suas vidas – mas que possuem uma particular mobilidade de identidade que ecoa a própria ideia de interpretação e jogo. Investigaremos a forma como Kiarostami trabalhou com seus atores no Irã e na Itália – tentando apreender a transformação que se deu nessa passagem –, e que tipo de resultado tal trabalho conferiu à forma final dos filmes.
Ator como forma fílmica : metodologia dos estudos atorais
Authors: Guimarães Pedro
Published: August 2019

O artigo propõe uma metodologia científica do estudo estético do trabalho do ator nocinema e no audiovisual, os estudos atorais (acting studies). O campo de estudos,surgido nos Estados Unidos nos anos 1970 e desenvolvido a posteriori na França e nomundo anglo-saxão, almeja colocar o ator de cinema no centro da sua problemática,como lugar de expressão, de produção de sentido, de construção de formais visuais enarrativas, de possibilidade de circunscrição histórica pelo estudo cronológico de suaspráticas e de intermediação afetiva entre texto fílmico e espectador. Propomos retornaraos textos seminais do campo para condensar a colaboração de cada autor para o campoe propor cinco eixos de análises do estudo do corpo e da persona do ator, com oobjetivo de se criar base científica para a produção conhecimento histórico-estético dojogo atoral no cinema e em outros meios audiovisuais.
International Conference on Landscape and Cinema
Authors: Camacho Sandra
Published: August 2019

In this article I offer an overview of the 'International Conference on Landscape and Cinema' that took place on December 3-5, 2018, at the School of Arts and Humanities, University of Lisbon.
Chantal Akerman: Tempo Expandido
Authors: Murari Lucas
Published: August 2019

O texto é uma resenha da exposição "Chantal Akerman: Tempo Expandido", realizada no Centro Cultural Oi Futuro (Rio de Janeiro) entre 26 de Novembro de 2018 a 27 de Janeiro de 2019.
“Será que vocês estão preparados para ver isto?”
Authors: De Branco Cristina
Published: August 2019

Recensão da Mostra Ameríndia – Percursos do Cinema Indígena no Brasil (13-17 Março 2019, Museu Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa), um "encontro de visões de vários lados", tomando as palavras de Ailton Krenak.
Editorial v6n2
Authors: Cunha Paulo , Sampaio Sofia , Monteiro Lúcia Ramos , Palinhos Jorge , Robert-Gonçalves Mickael
Published: August 2019

Editorial do vol. 6, n. 2 da Aniki.
Cinema e história: aventuras narrativas
Authors: Baptista Tiago
Published: August 2019

Recensão crítica de Cinema e História: Aventuras Narrativas, de João Lopes (Lisboa: Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos, 2018).
THE SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SENSORY KNOWLEDGE: ITS UNDERSTANDING, CONSTRUCTION AND ACQUISITION
Authors: JAKUBOWSKA HONORATA
Published: August 2019

The aim of this article, based on the literature review, is to explore the senses within the context of knowledge. The article begins with a description of embodied (i.e., also sensory) knowledge’s marginalisation within the social sciences and the reasons for this. After indicating the most popular fields of research, the article explores three main understandings of sensory knowledge: (1) senses as a source of knowledge, (2) senses as acquired skills and (3) sensory knowledge as a result of (collective) activity. In the next part, sensory knowledge is discussed as tacit knowledge, taking into account the problem of its verbalisation and the nature of its acquisition. The last part explores the social construction of sensory knowledge and its relation to subjective experiences, referring to the concepts of intersubjectivity, objectification and legitimisation.
VERNACULAR VIDEO ANALYSIS – COMMUNICATIVE CONSTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE IN POLICE WORK
Authors: TUMA RENÉ
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe use of video recordings for the production of knowledge has spread all over society. This paper presents an empirical study of the processes of interpretation of audio-visual recordings. It draws on an example in the context of police work and on the other side investigation of recordings of police violence. With a theoretical background in communicative constructivism special attention is given to situated bodily forms of “making things visible” performed by the participants. Interpretation is not understood as an pure cognitive but rather an communicative process. I elaborate on that by presenting results of (reflexive) videography of practices of video-interpretation. However, the specifics of the work are not only brought upon situatively, but are embedded in an institutional and organizational context. This paper draws on the concept of work arcs, that allow to highlight the trans-situative linkage.
Novel role for lysophosphatidic acid in vascular remodeling at the maternal–fetal interface
Authors: Beltrame Jimena S , Cañumil Vanesa A , Sordelli Micaela S , Ribeiro María L
Published: August 2019

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) belongs to the group of phosphorylated lipids reported as crucial mediators in the physiology of reproduction. LPA binds to G-protein-coupled receptors and regulates a wide range of female reproductive functions. This bioactive lipid has also been implicated in vascular functions during physiological and pathological conditions. In this regard, the establishment of a successful pregnancy requires proper coordination of vascular processes and remodeling of maternal blood vessels during early gestation. During this process, first trimester cytotrophoblast changes from an invasive to an endovascular phenotype and transforms uterine spiral arteries which are the nutrient supply for placenta and fetus. Here we present an overview of LPA participation in vascular remodeling and highlight the importance of LPA–LPA3 signaling during early gestation at the maternal–fetal interface.
Tendencias de diseños metodológicos en las publicaciones indexadas sobre la satisfacción laboral del profesorado universitario
Authors: Limaymanta-Álvarez César Halley
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de las tendencias del diseño metodológico usadas en los artículos de investigación cuya temática principal es la satisfacción laboral del profesorado universitario. Se identifican las tendencias sobre el método de investigación; la condición del instrumento de medición; las técnicas para la recolección de información, las de muestreo y las estadísticas usadas en el análisis. Luego de una búsqueda sistemática en Proquest y Redalyc (bases de datos bibliográficas), según criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se analizaron 49 artículos publicados entre el 2000 y el 2016. Esta revisión permitió identificar que casi la mitad de los artículos seleccionados pertenecen a los últimos 6 años (44.9%), lo cual revela sumo interés sobre el tema. El enfoque metodológico más frecuente es el cuantitativo (89.8%); predomina la adaptación de los instrumentos (53.1%); y se mencionan las propiedades psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad en un 42.9%. El muestreo probabilístico y no probabilístico se usa con la misma frecuencia (36.7%); asimismo, en un 83.3% se utiliza la estadística descriptiva. Sin embargo, para el análisis inferencial se evidenció un mayor uso de pruebas estadísticas paramétricas que las no paramétricas. Los resultados evidencian que existen múltiples formas para realizar el diseño metodológico, tanto en el uso del instrumento de recolección de datos como en el uso de métodos de análisis de información.
The Phenomenal-Intentional Nature of Happiness: A contemporary Approach to Epictetus and Stoicism
Authors: González Estrada Allan Arturo
Published: August 2019

Este presente artículo ofrece una comparación entre las ideas filosóficas del estoicismo y las ideas contemporáneas en filosofía de la mente, para entender la naturaleza de la intencionalidad y experiencia como un elemento fundamental en una teoría de la “felicidad”. De esta manera se evalúan aspectos relacionados con una teoría fisicalista a partir de una idea basada en una visión de la intencionalidad-fenoménica, esto es, la idea que la intencionalidad depende de las características fenoménicas, de esta forma, un análisis de la psicología popular y actitudes proposicionales como una base contemporánea para reinterpretar la metafísica y epistemología estoica, en particular desde las ideas expuestas por Epicteto, es posible. Se concluye que esta interpretación puede aportar una base más sólida que la propuesta en las teorías representacionales como las defendidas por Michael Tye para entender la naturaleza de la representación y el cambio en la narrativa interna que sugiere el estoicismo como vía a la felicidad.

Palabras clave: felicidad, intencionalidad, carácter fenoménico de la experiencia, estoicismo, Epicteto.
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF THE TYPE OF FULL HOPPER SIGNALLING USED IN GRAIN HARVESTERS ON THE TIME FOR THE GRAIN HOPPER UNLOADING
Authors: Tihanov Galin
Published: August 2019

The paper has established the length of the time for unloading hoppers in harvesters using a different signaling mode for full hopper: without automatic signalling - 245.35 s; with one level of automatic signalling - 224.5 s; with two levels of automatic signalling - 208.82 s and for harvesters unloading in the vehicle located at the end of the field - 301.46 s. Dispersion analysis has been carried out proving the effect of the type of signalling for full hopper used on the total time for unloading the hopper at a significance level of a = 0.05. Through it the interaction between the factor: type of signalling used on the time for unloading the hopper tp has also been established.
DETERMINATION PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS (SUILLUS LUTEUS)
Authors: Papazov Penko , Denev Panteley
Published: August 2019

Mushroom samples were collected in 2017 and 2018 from the Batak mountain by the authors themselves. The aim of this study was to determine phospholipids composition of species wild edible mushrooms (Suillus luteus) grown in the Batak mountain, Bulgaria. Phosphatidic acids were the main components in lipids from Suillus luteus (34.2 %). The content of the other phospholipids in the oils from Suillus luteus was from 8.4 to 19.6%. Phosphatidylcholine was identified in Suillus luteus (19.6 %). Based on the results, can be concluded that the examined species of mushrooms is a potential source of phospholipids and can be used as a functional food or as food additives in many products.
STUDY OF WEED FLORA OF MAIZE CROPS IN THE NISAVA DISTRICT
Authors: Živić Jelica , Vojinović Milić , Stančić Ivica , Petrović Saša
Published: August 2019

The damage from the present weeds in maize crop is shown by the reduction of yield in almost every year and their suppression is completely economically justified. The right selection of herbicides mostly depends on the presence of dominant weed species and the time of application. The paper presents the distribution and existence of economically harmful, invasive and quarantine weed species (Abutilon theophrasti, Agropyrum repens, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Capsela bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hybridum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Datura stramonium, Avena fatua, Calystegia sepium, …) on ten locations of maize crops in the Nisava district. Estimation of the species presence was done in two shootings (May and August) on scale 1-4 (1 - species appears individually and occupy up to 5% of the surface, 2 - appears and occupies 5-25% of the surface, 3 - appears often and occupies 25-50% of the surface, 4 - the species prevails over the cultivated plant and occupies over 50% of the surface).