bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Novel Method for the Estimation of Total Cholesterol in Chicken Eggs
Authors: Sharma Suruchi , Singh Geetanjali , Vij Rishika
Published: November 2021

Background: Cholesterol estimation in eggs was mostly done by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography which are tedious, expensive and time consuming methods. Thus, there is a need to determine cholesterol content by an easy spectrophotometric method which is not expensive and tedious. The present study was aimed to determine the cholesterol content in chicken eggs spectrophotometrically so as to provide better information about the nutritional quality of an egg. Methods: The experiment was conducted on 24 healthy layer birds of Dahlem Red (DR). 45 egg samples were randomly collected fresh in the morning. Total cholesterol was determined by enzymatic colorimetric method by using biochemical estimation kit (Agappe Diagnostics Ltd.). The pure yolk was separated and determined enzymatically for cholesterol estimation. The method is newly evaluated, rapid, simple and accurate. Result: The methodology designed herein can provide specific, accurate and suitable method for estimation of total cholesterol in chicken eggs. The average cholesterol content of Dahlem red was 12.59±0.09 mg/ml in egg yolk or 195.66±2.80 mg/egg yolk.
The Larval Stage of Taenia taeniaeformis in Wistar Albino Rats with an Illustration of Biochemical and Histopathological Changes
Authors: Shivaraju S. , Maiti Swapan Kumar , Mohan Divya , Kalaiselvan E. , Kumar S.P. Sunil , Banu S. Amitha , Kumar Naveen
Published: November 2021

Background: Performing all the diagnostic tools before subjecting animals for designed experimental study is time consuming and economically not feasible. Furthermore, it may divert the researchers from original planned work to other areas. But these factors not acceptable to compromise in the assessment of effect of different regenerative agents, drugs and herbal preparation on liver. This is important to prevent any diversions in the actual results of the research due to the prior infection caused by Strobilocercus fasciolaris the lab animals. The study aimed to detect Strobilocercus fasciolaris infected Wistar albino rats using biochemical parameters as a diagnostic marker before subjecting the animals to any designed experimental study. Methods: The study mainly utilizes abdominal exploration, morphological examination of the larvae, histopathological examination of liver and finally the biochemical parameters changes in the concerned animal. 192 animals used for this study in that 32 had single to multiple cysts in the liver on abdominal exploration. Characteristic Strobilocercus larval morphology, histopathological alterations on liver and serological biomarkers was studied. Result: Our results showed that the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, gamma glutamyl transferase, blood urea nitrogen, and total protein can be used as indicators to measure the severity of Strobilocercus fasciolaris larva infection in rats.
​Optimized Bioprocess for the Formulation of Liquid Microbial Inoculants for Forage Cowpea and Insight of Plant-microbe Interaction by SEM
Authors: Ramya S. , Pandove Gulab , Kalia Anu
Published: November 2021

Background: In the present investigation bioprocess for the formulation of liquid microbial inoculants with escalated shelf stability for forage cowpea has been standardized. The forage cowpea can make a relevant contribution towards livestock fodder and supply nitrogen to the soil. Methods: In the present study viability of Burkholderia seminalis, Burkholderia sp. and Bradyrhizobium sp. was evaluated for one month in a basal medium amended with different concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3%), trehalose (5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM and 20 mM), polyethylene glycol (PEG) (0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3%) and glycerol (1%, 3%, 5% and 7%). Result: At 30th day, maximum growth and survival was observed in the basal medium amended with 5 mM trehalose for all the three test cultures. Further, Liquid microbial inoculants of Burkholderia seminalis, Burkholderia sp. and Bradyrhizobium sp. were prepared using trehalose (5 mM) in basal medium and viability retention was studied up to 180 days of storage and compared to charcoal carrier based formulations at room temperature. Furthermore, Scanning electron microscopy provided insight of root colonization of forage cowpea by liquid microbial inoculants under gnotobiotic conditions, maximum root surface colonization was observed by liquid microbial inoculants of Burkholderia seminalis followed by Burkholderia sp. and Bradyrhizobium sp. Therefore, the optimized bioprocess can be used for the formulation of liquid microbial inoculants with enhanced shelf stability and could play a pertinent role in integrated nutrient management of forage cowpea for enhanced productivity and quality.
Español como lengua extranjera, a través del lenguaje de las fiestas colombianas
Authors: Motta Ávila J. Humberto
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta el proceso de la investigación “Enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera ELE, a través del lenguaje de las fiestas colombianas”, la cual buscó promover la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera mediante el lenguaje de las fiestas colombianas, desde la perspectiva del fortalecimiento de la interculturalidad. Se circunscribió en el paradigma interpretativo con un enfoque cualitativo fundamentado en la cultura como contenido inherente al proceso. Es un estudio con base en una prueba piloto que implicó el diseño de unidades didácticas para el nivel C del MCER que lo dinamizaran en aprendientes de otras lenguas. Se buscó activar la competencia comunicativa e intercultural, de modo que los hablantes no nativos del español tuvieran acceso a los significados y sentidos que otorgan los hablantes de las diferentes regiones colombianas. Para ello se precisó de un marco teórico que tratara la relación entre el lenguaje y la cultura. Como resultado, esta indagación posee no solo un valor pedagógico didáctico, sino sociocultural, ya que confirma que aprender una lengua es habitar la cultura que la habla. Se concluye que enseñar ELE a través del lenguaje corriente es una estrategia viable y productiva porque implica una genuina inmersión.
Systematic Mapping of the Harmonization of SCRUM and ISO 9001
Authors: Burbano-Delgado Darly-Liliana , Pardo-Calvache César-Jesús , Orozco-Garcés Carlos-Eduardo
Published: November 2021

Small and medium-sized companies have limitations related to the amount of human talent and capital they have, which causes their processes to be disorganized and affects the quality of the products or services they offer. To address this problem, several solutions that allow companies to improve their processes and the way their projects are managed have appeared, some of the most common in the software industry are Scrum and the ISO 9001 standard or its Latin American variants (NTC 6001, NTG 66006 and NTE INEN 2537). In this sense, the objective of this article is to present the results obtained after carrying out a systematic mapping of the literature to identify proposals and related studies. Although it was possible to identify some related studies, the topic has great relevance for the software industry given the benefits that would be enabled in an integrated manner by implementing a quality management system based on the specifications of the ISO standard together with the agile approach Scrum. In conclusion, it was possible to observe that, although there are differences between the ISO and Scrum standards, they are not incompatible, on the contrary, they turn out to be complementary.
Students’ Power Relationships within an EFL Classroom
Authors: Gutiérrez Pulido Lila Maribel
Published: November 2021

This paper reports the results of a research study whose main purpose was to identify aspects related to power relationships in a group of ninth-grade English learners. An EFL classroom was used as the setting to analyze power relationships among students. A qualitative case study was carried out in a public school from Sogamoso; the participants were 8 students, selected at random from a group of 35. The data was gathered through field notes, video recordings and focused interviews. After analyzing the data, it was found that aspects connected to power relationships sometimes either helped or hindered the participants’ English language learning process. Positive and negative features concerning power relationships within the EFL classroom were identified. Positive features include the use of power to motivate the accomplishment of tasks.  Negative features include the use of power to suppress others thereby limiting their ability to express opinions in class.
A Group of Eleventh Graders’ Life Stories: Reconstructing Social Identity
Authors: Peñaloza Villamizar Josefina
Published: November 2021

This qualitative and interpretive study aimed to analyze how a group of eleventh graders reconstructed their social identity through life stories and writing related tasks in their native language. This notion is supported in professional literature: “Constructing and reconstructing identity through narratives is like giving sense to the life;” “It is like reorganizing the story lived,” (Park & Burgess, 1924, p. 4). “It is like trying to assume what has happened with the lives and turn them into stories,” (Hardy, 1968, p. 9). The Reconstruction of identity can be expressed through language learning in the way students use narratives; such narratives can provide a glimpse into students’ private world, (Pavlenko, 2007). The instruments from which data was collected were life stories and interviews. The four participants reconstructed their identity with descriptions of overcoming abuse and mistreatment, fighting to survive and to continue ahead, and creating a better life.
Creating Multimodal Texts Online to Improve Young Adults’ English Skills at Two State Institutions
Authors: Galvis Pinzón Diana Pahola , Callejas Linda Lucia
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to describe the creation of multimodal texts as a pedagogical strategy implemented through the use of ICT tools in two state institutions in the Colombian province of Santander. After analyzing teaching practices, it was observed that written texts were usually approached in a linear manner without taking into consideration other text modes, which may lead students to lose interest in literacy practices. Accordingly, an action research was conducted following a qualitative paradigm based on a descriptive-interpretative methodology. The research results suggested learner improvement resulting from the use of ICT for educational purposes, learning English through the implementation of integrated skills, and working collaboratively. It was also concluded that when creating multimodal texts, it is important to bear in mind both: students’ perceptions of the world and the role of the teacher as a facilitator of ICT tools for academic purposes in virtual learning environments.
Roadmap de tendencias de TI al 2030
Authors:   , Alva Macheri Daniel Arturo , Ku Robledillo Meyling
Published: November 2021

Es evidente que en la actualidad la tecnología representa uno de los pilares centrales de las organizaciones; por ende, uno de los factores clave para el buen funcionamiento de cualquier negocio. Sin embargo, a pesar de sus grandes virtudes y múltiples beneficios; no está exenta de presentar fallas de forma inesperada. Es por ello, por lo que la aplicación de una buena estrategia de monitoreo de Tecnologías de Información es primordial para las empresas al momento que deban garantizar la continuidad de sus servicios. (Rivas, 2018) La tecnología puede contribuir a los dueños de negocios, tanto a pymes como a grandes corporaciones, a transformar sus empresas en organizaciones más inteligentes, robustas, efectivas y versátiles. En un mundo activo y globalizado, las empresas deben utilizar sus recursos de manera eficiente y reaccionar rápidamente para satisfacer las demandas de sus clientes, dado que, cada día las tecnologías se van reinventando y van apareciendo nuevos descubrimientos. La tecnología digital ha llegado para resolver los problemas a través de sistemas innovadores que son adaptables a las necesidades de cada organización. Lo que solía tomar semanas o incluso meses, hoy en día es posible realizarlo en pocos minutos y sin mucho esfuerzo. (Melo, 2018) El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo asegurar la implementación de un Roadmap de tendencias de tecnologías de información que permita a las diferentes organizaciones tener una visión global de la evolución de las diferentes tendencias de TI a los que apunta el mercado en un intervalo de tiempo de 10 años, a partir de un listado generado por la investigación dada. El Roadmap permite cubrir la necesidad de información de las empresas que buscan adoptar las tecnologías que han sido probadas como exitosas y que, en el futuro, les generará ingresos considerables.
Farmacovigilância das Vacinas contra a COVID-19 Durante a Gravidez e a Amamentação
Authors: Silva Ana Marta , Ribeiro-Vaz Inês , Ferreira-da-Silva Renato , Cruz-Correia Ricardo , Polónia Jorge , Bernardes João
Published: November 2021

N/a.
Academic perspectives and psychosocial aspects of final-year dental students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Câmara-Souza Mariana Barbosa , Kim Fabiana Han Na , Figueredo Olivia Maria da Costa , Rodrigues Garcia Renata Cunha Mateus
Published: November 2021

Aim: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to evaluate the influence of the Universities lockdown measures on academic perspectives and psychosocial aspects of Brazilian finalyear dental students. Methods: 268 undergraduate students regularly enrolled in a Dentistry course at public universities were asked about anxiety, depression, stress sensitivity, and their academic perspectives by using an online survey. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety and depression, while the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) evaluated stress levels. The academic perspective was evaluated by five affirmatives regarding possible difficulties that will be faced when school reopens and after graduation. The possible association between fear of having COVID-19 with psychosocial outcomes and COVID-19 association with academic perspectives were analyzed by ANOVA and chisquare tests, respectively, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: Considering possible associations between the fear of having COVID-19 and psychosocial aspects, significant values were found for anxiety (P = 0.018) and stress sensitivity (P = 0.002). Regarding students’ academic perspectives, COVID-19 had significant impact on less opportunity to perform procedures (P = 0.023), additional expenses with personal protective equipment (P = 0.007), and concerns of consulting elderly people (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased psychological impairments and enlarged concerns with learning and biosecurity, which might impact academic perspectives. Thus, being aware of these apprehensions, university professors and staff can improve the clinical training of final-year dental students in an empathetic way.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS OF OBESITY AS RISK FACTOR OF COVID-19 RELATED MORTALITY
Authors: Rizwani Achmad Ilham , Ahyandi Syarif Syamsi , Naimatuningsih Nanning , Ridwan Endy Novryan , Nurvita Rani , Nujum Nurun , Mahrus Muhammad Hammam , Djuari Lilik
Published: November 2021

A person with obesity has a high risk of getting a severe complication of COVID-19. This is related to the increasing of chronic illness cases caused by obesity. Obesity itself has been known to take part in the disruption of the human immune system. A person with obesity will be more susceptible to the infection and is suspected to be one of the risk factors that cause death in COVID-19. This study used observational analysis with a systematic review method and continued with Meta-Analysis. This study has been held at the Public Health Department of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, in July 2020. The data sources of this study come from online literature, such as published journals that match our inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for this study were journals that study the relation of obesity and mortality in COVID-19 cases, journals with a cross-sectional design, journals that used samples age >18 y.o., and journals that used BMI as the obesity classification. Five journals matched our criteria and were analyzed in this study. Four of 5 journals show that there is a relationship between obesity and mortality of COVID-19. There are 2133 subjects with COVID-19, and 361 of them have obesity. There are 1861 subjects with COVID-19 who are not dead; 1567 of them don’t have obesity. An analytic study with a random effect model shows that obesity is the risk factor of mortality in COVID-19 cases (OR = 2.041; 95% CI 1.027-4.058). It also shows that there is a significant relationship between obesity and mortality in COVID-19 cases (p=0.042). Most journals analyzed with a systematic review and meta-analysis in this study show that obesity is the risk factor of mortality in COVID-19 cases.
COMPARISON OF MORTALITY BETWEEN THE COMBINATION OF STANDARD THERAPY AND CONVALESCENT PLASMA THERAPY AND STANDARD THERAPY ONLY IN COVID-19 PATIENTS : SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Klarin Felicia , Vita Angelica Diana , Siahaan Cynthia Elvira Sari , Rifdah Salsabila Nabilah , Putri Ayu Rahmanita , Kusuma Indriasti Putri , Prayitno Subur
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered type of coronavirus. Comprehensive management for COVID-19 patients includes infection control, hemodynamic stability maintenance, oxygenation monitoring, ventilation, and pharmacotherapy administration. Convalescent plasma is one of the COVID-19 therapy choices, proven to provide relief for Ebola, SARS, and MERS patients. Therefore, the authors believed in searching data on whether convalescent plasma therapy also improves COVID-19 patients, specifically in terms of mortality. This study aims to compare the comparison in mortality between standard therapy and convalescent plasma therapy with standard therapy only in COVID-19 patients. This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis method according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. This study used ten studies that met the inclusion criteria to evaluate the comparison in mortality between the combination therapy with standard therapy only in COVID-19 patients. There was a significant difference in mortality between the combination of standard therapy and convalescent plasma therapy with standard therapy only in COVID-19 patients, and mortality in the combination therapy groups being lower than standard therapy only.
Coffee Culture di Indonesia : Pola Konsumsi Konsumen Pengunjung Kafe, Kedai Kopi dan Warung Kopi di Gresik
Authors: Puspa Ratih , Yani Hardiyanti Nila
Published: November 2021

Dewasa ini kegiatan berkumpul dan melibatkan pembicaraan sering kali dilakukan di Kafe, kedai kopi ataupun warung. Kegiatan berkumpul, nongkrong, ngopi atau semacamnya dilakukan secara terus-menerus hingga menimbulkan sebuah pola konsumsi yang baru bagi masyarakat kota Gresik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola konsumsi konsumen pengunjung kafe, kedai kopi, maupun warung kopi di Gresik.Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan konsep pola konsumsi gaya hidup, budaya konsumen, identitas dan konsep “third place”. Hasil dari penelitian ini meliputi pola konsumsi konsumen pengunjung kafe, kedai kopi dan warung kopi di Kota Gresik memiliki gambaran kegiatan yang bervariasi. Adapun aktivitas yang mereka lakukan juga sangat beragam misalnya berkumpul dengan keluarga, ngobrol dengan temannya, bertemu klien, rapat dan mengerjakan tugal kuliah atau kantor. Selanjutnya juga pengunjung memiliki pola konsumsi masing-masing, pengunjung juga memilih untuk menghabiskan waktunya, biaya yang dikeluarkan serta bagaimana seseorang tersebut dapat mencapai kesenangan dan kepuasan dirinya sendiri saat berada di kafe, kedai kopi ataupun warung kopi.
The Discourse on the Relationship of Power between the State and the People in Indonesian Indie Band Song
Authors: Adilah Bahiroh
Published: November 2021

This research focuses on analyzing the discourse of the power relation between the state and the people in Indonesia in the lyrics of the songs "Kami Belum Tentu" and "Padi Milik Rakyat" by Feast (group band). Intolerance became Indonesia main concern in 2018 especially Surabaya’s church bombing, which then elaborated on other issues related to the socio- economic and political phenomena in Indonesia. The two songs were chosen because they adequately describe the socio-economic and political conditions in Indonesia and related to various sectors of government.This study uses Normal Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method to read the discourse on power relations between the state and the people which is articulated in the lyrics of the two songs. The results of this study conclude that the discourse on power relations with the form of Governmentality is spread in various areas of government, including in the leadership of a democratic country, the education system in Indonesia, the law constitution of UU ITE, towards farm workers through Reforma Agraria, and also in the management of tax money in Indonesia. The people will always be in a repressive state power system and the state uses its political power to carry out hegemonic submissions that are detrimental to the people structurally and economically through the ISA (Ideological State Apparatus) and RSA (Repressive State Apparatus) which critized in Indonesian indie song lyric.
Analysis Factors Related to Behaviour among Madurese Mothers with Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Izzah Taqiyatul , Triharini Mira , Pradanie Retnanyu
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is still low. Internal and external factors mother can cause a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding. This also happens because of the belief and traditional factors that can inhibit exclusive breastfeeding for babies. This study aimed to analyze the correlation of psychological factors, family support, and socio-culture with the behaviour of Madurese ethnic mothers in exclusive breastfeeding.Methods: This study used descriptive-analytical with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample collected 100 respondents with nonprobability sampling method is purposive sampling.Results: There was a moderate correlation between family support (p= 0.000; r = 0.373) and socio-culture (p= 0.000; r = 0.396) with the behaviour of Madurese ethnic mothers in exclusive breastfeeding. The analysis showed no relation between psychological factors and the behaviour of Madurese ethnic mothers in exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.071; r= 0.181).Conclusion: The Behaviour of Madurese ethnic mothers in exclusive breastfeeding in The Sidotopo Wetan Community Health Center, Surabaya, was related to family support and socio-culture. So, the research can be used as this information to optimize factors that increase exclusive breastfeeding behaviour.
Russia on the Northern Sea Route: Having the Cake and Eating It Too?
Authors: Todorov A.
Published: November 2021

Today Russia implements two different approaches to managing the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The first one entails signaling openness for international cooperation, foreign investments and cargo with the aim to develop the NSR into a globally competitive maritime route. Such approach is evident both from the statements of the high-ranking Russian officials and the strategic documents dedicated to the Arctic region. The other pattern is reflected in Russia’s willingness to impose limitations on foreign shipping on the Route. In addition to the permission-based national regime for navigation on the NSR, since 2018, Russia has ruled out certain maritime activities on the Route carried out by vessels flying non-Russian flags. Further measures for ships built outside Russia, as well as foreign warships, are being discussed. Taken together, these trends could lead to a suggestion that Russia sees the future development of the Northern Sea Route in attracting foreign investments and cargo, but not the vessels. However, additional layer of inconsistency emerges in Moscow’s attempts to justify the harsh national permission-based regime and national measures aimed at limiting foreign shipping on the NSR. The main argument by the Russian authorities is the special responsibility of the coastal state for the safety of navigation and protection of the marine environment. Yet, the practice indicates that the state is sometimes reluctant to keep high environmental and safety standards – both due to the lack of efficient law enforcement mechanisms and possible unwillingness to challenge the economic development of the region. The article concludes with the suggestion that Russia will need to more clearly decide the future course of development for the NSR and adjust the navigation regime and law enforcement mechanisms accordingly.
Russian-Turkish Relations after 2015: New Trends, Old Dilemmas
Authors: Sherstyukov S. , Bodishteanu N.
Published: November 2021

As the events of the past few years indicate, relations between Russia and Turkey are increasingly determined by security-related issues. Such a shift in priorities in bilateral relations should be perceived not only as a response to the emerging threats to the internal and external security of the two countries but also as a consequence of the changes in the strategic orientation of Russia and Turkey after the end of the Cold War. The most important events in the formation of a new model of relations between Russia and Turkey were such as the “Arab Spring”, the wars in Syria and Libya, US support for the Syrian Kurds from the “People’s Self-Defense Forces”, the revolution in Ukraine and the subsequent Russia’s annexation of Crimea, the Russian military operation in Syria, the 2015 crisis in Russian-Turkish relations, and the attempted military coup in Turkey in 2016. Regional crises near the borders of Russia and Turkey and the growing securitization of the policies of both states not only pushed Moscow and Ankara to interact in the security sphere but also created new challenges for their relations. In this article, the authors examine the dynamics of Russian-Turkish relations, paying particular attention to the security dimension, as well as the opportunities and limitations for cooperation between the two countries, given that security is becoming an increasingly important element in bilateral relations. The main focus is on the analysis of competitive cooperation between Russia and Turkey in Eurasia, for the understanding of which it is necessary to refer not only to the current context but also to the historical experience of interaction between the two countries in this wide geographical space. Acknowledgements. Published with the financial support of the project “The influence of the policy of Iran and Turkey on transformation of the Middle East and Post-Soviet space” of the Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs of HSE-University.
Development of an AI-based bot to Tibia MMORPG
Authors: Castanheira Retes de Sousa Thiago , Carvalho Rafael Lima de
Published: November 2021

Artificial Intelligence has always been used in designing of automated agents for playing games such as Chess, Go, Defense of the Ancients 2, Snake Game, billiard and many others. In this work, we present the development and performance evaluation of an automated bot that mimics a real life player for the RPG Game Tibia. The automated bot is built using a combination of AI techniques such as graph search algorithm A* and computer vision tools like template matching. Using four algorithms to get global position of player in game, handle its health and mana, target monsters and walk through the game, we managed to develop a fully automated Tibia bot based in raw input image. We evaluated the performance of the agent in three different scenarios, collecting and analyzing metrics such as XP Gain, Supplies Usage and Balance. The simulation results shows that the developed bot is capable of producing competitive results according to in-game metrics when compared to human players.
Spirals and Rings in Barred Galaxies by the ROTASE Model
Authors: Pan Hongjun
Published: November 2021

This paper extends the application of the ROTASE model for the formation of spiral arms of disc galaxies, questions and confusions from readers about this model are addressed. The optical trail effect behind the spiral arm rotation is the natural consequence of the model. The morphologies of ring-galaxies are classified into four categories: type I: single ring; type II: 8-shaped double ring; type III: 8-shaped double ring wrapped by a larger outer ring; type IV: single ring without spiral and bar. All four types of ring galaxies can be described by the ROTASE model. The ROTASE model predicts that the false impression of spiral arm rotating ahead of the galactic bar in the galaxy MCG+00-04-051 will change with time, it will look like a normal galaxy with about 30° to 40° bar rotation in the future and the galactic bar ends will look like rotating ahead of the spiral arms with further 10 ° to 15 °bar rotation. The formation of one arm galaxies is due to X-matter at one side of supermassive black hole is much stronger than other side. More evidence is found to support the explanation of the formation and the evolution of the Hoag’s object. The possible evolution of spiral pattern of galaxies is illustrated by UGC 6093. The winding of the Milky Way could be tighter in the future based on the ROTASE model.
Enthalpies of Adduct Formation between Boron Trifluoride and Selected Organic Bases in Solution: Toward an Accurate Theoretical Entry to Lewis Basicity
Authors: Gal Jean-François , Maria Pierre-Charles , Yáñez Manuel , Mó Otilia
Published: November 2021

The Lewis basicity of selected organic bases, modeled by the enthalpies of adduct formation between gaseous BF3 and the bases in dichloromethane (DCM) solution, is critically examined. Although experimental enthalpies for a large number of molecules have been reported in the literature, it may be desirable to estimate missing or uncertain data for important Lewis bases. We have decided to use high-level ab initio procedures, combined with a polarized continuum solvation model, in which the solvated species are the clusters formed by specific hydrogen bonding of DCM with the Lewis base and the Lewis base/BF3 adduct. This mode of interaction with DCM corresponds to a specific solvation model (SSM). The results actually show that the enthalpy of BF3 adduct formation in DCM solution is clearly influenced by specific interactions, DCM acting as hydrogen-bonding donor (HBD) molecule in two ways: base/DCM and adduct/DCM, confirming that specific solvation is an important contribution to experimentally determined Lewis basicity scales. This analysis allows us to conclude that there are reasons to suspect some gas-phase values to be in error by more than the stated experimental uncertainty. Some experimental values in DCM solution that were uncertain because of identified reasons can be complemented by the computed values.
Partial Discharge and Internet of Things: A Switchgear Cell Maintenance Application using Microclimate Sensors
Authors: Fechet Radu , Petrariu Adrian Ioan , Graur Adrian
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a solution for the development of microclimate monitoring for Low Voltage / High Voltage switchgear using the PRTG Internet of Things (IoT) platform. This IoT-based real time monitoring system can enable predictive maintenance to reduce the risk of electrical station malfunctions due to unfavorable environmental conditions. The combination of humidity and dust can lead to unplanned electrical discharges along the isolators inside a low or medium voltage electric table. If no predictive measures are taken, the situation may deteriorate and lead to significant damage inside and outside the switchgear cell. Thus, the mentioned situation can lead to unprogrammed maintenance interventions that can conduct to the change of the entire affected switchgear cell. Using a low-cost and efficient system, the climate conditions inside and outside the switchgear is monitored and transmitted remotely to a monitoring center. From the results obtained using a 365-day time interval, we can conclude that the proposed system is integrated successfully in the switchgear maintaining process, having as result the reducing of maintenance costs.
Evolution of the Sustainable Tourism Concepts
Authors: Roblek Vasja , Drpić Danijel , Meško Maja , Milojica Vedran
Published: November 2021

Analytical study presents the evolution and change in content over time and the emergence of different sustainable tourism (ST) concepts in tourism and hospitality. For this purpose, a Comparative Automated Content Analysis (ACA) analyses scientific articles published between 1990, when the first article in this field was published in the Web of Science (WOS), and the end of 2020. With the ACA for analysis papers research, this research helps explain why and how changing business models cross the time, organizational processes, importance of information and communication technologies in sustainable tourism strategies, green investments, sustainable standards in tourism and hospitality, and sustainable reporting.
Deep Reinforcement Learning For Trading - A Critical Survey
Authors: Millea Adrian
Published: November 2021

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved significant results in many Machine Learning (ML) benchmarks. In this short survey we provide an overview of DRL applied to trading on financial markets, including a short meta-analysis using Google Scholar, with an emphasis on using hierarchy for dividing the problem space as well as using model-based RL to learn a world model of the trading environment which can be used for prediction. In addition, multiple risk measures are defined and discussed, which not only provide a way of quantifying the performance of various algorithms, but they can also act as (dense) reward-shaping mechanisms for the agent. We discuss in detail the various state representations used for financial markets, which we consider critical for the success and efficiency of such DRL agents. The market in focus for this survey is the cryptocurrency market.
The Neuroprotective Effects of Cannabis-Derived Phytocannabinoids and Resveratrol in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Pre-clinical Studies
Authors: Prakash Samay , Carter Wayne G.
Published: November 2021

Currently, there are no pharmacological treatments able to reverse nigral degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD), hence the unmet need for the provision of neuroprotective agents. Cannabis-derived phytocannabinoids (CDCs) and resveratrol (RSV) may be useful neuroprotective agents for PD due to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. To evaluate this, we undertook a systematic review of the scientific literature to assess the neuroprotective effects of CDCs and RSV treatments in pre-clinical in vivo animal models of PD. The literature databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PubMed and Web of Science core collection were systematically searched to cover relevant studies. A total of 1034 publications were analyzed, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria for this review. Collectively, the majority of neurotoxin-induced PD rodent studies demonstrated that treatment with CDCs or RSV produced a significant improvement in motor function and mitigated the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Biochemical analysis of rodent brain tissue suggested that neuroprotection was mediated by anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. This review highlights the neuroprotective potential of CDCs and RSV for in vivo models of PD, and therefore suggests their potential translation to human clinical trials to either ameliorate PD progression and/or be implemented as a prophylactic means to reduce the risk of development of PD.
Acquired Intergenic ANK3-RET Fusion as a Pralsetinib-Responsive Mechanism of Resistance to Osimertinib in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC
Authors: Urbanska Edyta Maria , Sørensen Jens Benn , Melchior Linea Cecilie , Costa Junia Cardoso , Santoni-Rugiu Eric
Published: November 2021

The unavoidable progression of EGFR-mutated NSCLC on EGFR-TKIs forces us to discover solutions for further therapies. Herein, we discuss the necessity of accurate genomic mapping of progressive disease illustrated by a patient case. Tumor rebiopsies at progression are strongly needed to characterize acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI. The necessary data, however, may be reliably obtained only by deep targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) of both DNA and RNA. The reported case is a patient with EGFR-mutant NSCLC, who progressed during second line Osimertinib with subsequent targeted treatment determined by the detection of an acquired intergenic ANK3-RET-fusion with concomitant PTEN-mutation and MDM2-amplification. These three acquired gene alterations represent potential mechanisms of TKI-resistance, not previously reported on second line Osimertinib. Yet, while PTEN-mutations and MDM2-amplification are currently undruggable, the ANK3-RET fusion allowed further personalized treatment by combining continuation of Osimertinib with the RET-TKI Pralsetinib, which resulted in objective partial response, so far for 7 months, and significant clinical improvement. Hence, complementary DNA- and RNA-based targeted NGS may be of importance in clinical routine to better reveal the current molecular state of the disease and contribute to the identification of further targeted therapy strategies. Indeed, further cases with acquired RET-fusions, including ANK3-RET, should be investigated to fully determine the effectiveness of RET-TKI-Osimertinib combinations.
BIM Approach in Construction Safety – A Case Study
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda , Baptista J. Santos , Pinto Débora
Published: November 2021

As is known, the construction industry has one of the highest occupational accidents incidence rates among all economic sectors. Currently, Building Information Modeling (BIM) appears as a tool that addresses occupational safety issues throughout the construction life cycle projects, avoiding hazards and risks and, consequently, increasing safety. This work investigates BIM methodology and related technologies application for building safety planning in construction and demonstrates the potential of this technology for the integrated implementation of safety measures during the design phase and the construction site management. The first step consisted of a literature review on the application of BIM in safety in the design and planning phases. Following, to show the potentialities of construction simulation, a case study based on BIM 4D to prevent falls from height was developed. With BIM 4D, it is possible to follow the construction process over time, giving the construction safety technicians’, designers, supervisors and managers the capability to analyse, in each phase, the potential risks and which safety measures should be implemented. BIM can effectively integrate safety measures from the design phase to the construction and use phase and do integrated safety planning within construction planning, leading to reliable safety management throughout the construction process.
Dynamics and Strength of Housings and Supporting Elements of Hydrogenerator Design
Authors: Kobzar Igor , Poliienko Vladyslav , Gnytko Oleksandr , Tretiak Oleksii
Published: November 2021

The basic designs of Hydrogenerators are considered in the presented scientific work. It is shown that one of the most loaded units of Hydrogenerator is the thrust bearing. The analysis of the causes of emergencies in the thrust bearing unit of the high power Hydrogenerator is performed based on the experience of operation. Cause-and-effect relations of origin and development of defects are determined. Existing methods of calculation of the stressed state of the chambers of the thrust bearing unit in the classical formulation for the stationary mode of operation are considered. The main features of the thrust bearing unit operation with respect to the features of the sliding supports were studied. An updated Diagram of the sliding supports loading is presented. For the first time, the calculation of the elastic chambers of the thrust bearing was performed in three-dimensional formulation taking into account the physical properties of the oil, the material of the chambers and the unevenness of the existing loads. It is shown that the applied designs of SE “Рlant “Electrotyazhmash” can be used in high power Hydrogenerators in the entire range of operational loads without restrictions.
Modern Solutions for the Reconstruction of Gas Exhaust Ducts of Converters Operating in Ukraine
Authors: Yefimov Olexander , Kavertsev Valerii , Zhidetskyi Oleksandr
Published: November 2021

Nowadays most of the installed gas cleaning equipment of oxygen converters of metallurgical plants performs cleaning out of emissions of solid particles with final concentrations higher than acceptable. The inconsistency of the efficiency of the BOF-gas purification with the new emission standards entails the rejection of the emission permit and as a consequences the shutdown of metallurgical plants as well as the loss of the sales markets. In order to prevent the shutdown of the main shops of the metallurgical plants with the simultaneous implementation of appropriate environmental protection measures, it is important to launch the reconstruction of all gas-cleaning units of the converter exhaust ducts. The first element of the BOF-gas cooling and purification system is the BOF-gas cooler, its equipment is in close connection with the process equipment, thus the technological mode of steel production fully depends on its operating mode. The article describes the options of
modernization of the exhaust duct of HRSG installed in the BOF-gas cleaning system. Besides, two options of BOF-gas cleaning system presented. In addition, two options of HRSG design: the old one and modernized – were compared.
New Methods Used for the Smoothing of the Three-Dimensional Flow Behind the Turbine Nozzle Cascade
Authors: Subotovich Subotovich , Lapuzin Alexander , Yudin Yuriy
Published: November 2021

To smooth the parameters of the three-dimensional flow behind the nozzle cascade new methods were suggested that allow us to sustain the flow rate, stagnation enthalpy and the axial projection of the moment of momentum for initial-, nonuniform and averaged flows. It was shown that the choice of the fourth integral characteristic (the kinetic energy, the entropy and the quantity of motion) has no particular significance because it has no effect on the complex criterion of the cascade quality, i.e. the velocity coefficient-angle cosine product that characterizes the level of the radial component of velocity. The minimum values of the velocity coefficient and the cosine angle satisfy the method that allows us to sustain the quantity of motion during the smoothing and the maximum values of the specified nozzle characteristics satisfy method 2 that enables the entropy maintenance. To evaluate the aerodynamic efficiency of the nozzle cascade the preference should be given to method 1 that enables the kinetic energy conservation and the velocity coefficient allows for the precise determination of the degree of loss of the kinetic energy that is equal to 3.6 % as for the example given in the scientific paper. As for method 1, the kinematic losses in the cascade are defined by the angle cosine that characterizes the level of the radial component of the velocity behind the cascade. For the example in question, kinematic losses are equal to 1.9 % and the complex criterion of quality equal to 0.972 corresponds to the overall losses of 5.5 %. It was suggested to use the velocity coefficient and the two angles of flow as integral cascade characteristics. The use of these characteristics enables the correct computations of the efficiency factor for the stage within the one-dimensional computation. The incisive analysis was performed for different methods used for the averaging of the parameters of the axially asymmetric flow behind the nozzle cascade. It was suggested to neglect the flow rate factor in the case of thermal computations done for the turbine stage.
Determination of Optimal Angles of Solar Panels for Satisfied Time Intervals on the Territory of Ukraine
Authors: Rymar Tetiana , Kuzyk Myron
Published: November 2021

The results of determining the optimal angles of inclination to the horizon of flat solar panels with a constant orientation to the south are presented. An analytical expression is obtained, which describes the dependence of the optimal angles for time intervals symmetric with respect to July 1 on their duration in months. The parameters of this expression are set for several cities of Ukraine. A method for determining (estimating) the optimal angles of inclination for arbitrary time intervals, except for those in the range of November-February. It was shown that for symmetric relatively summer (July 1) and relatively winter (January 1) intervals there is a certain functional relationship between the value of the optimal angle βopt. and the duration of intervals in months. For summer and winter months, these dependences are described by polynomials of the 2nd order, which makes it possible to determine βopt. for arbitrary time intervals of the mentioned symmetry.
Preventing and Controlling COVID-19: A Practical-Based Review in Offshore Workplace
Authors: Sunandar Hendar , Ramdhan Doni Hikmat
Published: November 2021

An offshore platform is a workplace with complex facilities and limited space due to the complex installed equipment and components. Therefore, the offshore as enclosed area platform is more likely to have a high risk of COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, a company must strictly follow health protocols to prevent workers from being exposed to COVID-19 in the offshore workplace. However, workers are often forced to onboard without proper health protocols because of operational needs and production targets. This paper aimed to explore the essence of the steps in preventing and controlling COVID-19 in the offshore workplace and the challenges. The analysis found that the company must take preventive measures against COVID-19 before workers are on board and in the workplace and control it using the hierarchy of control: engineering control, administrative control, and personal protective equipment (PPE).