bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE ІNSTITUTIONALIZATION IN THE LIFE WORLD OF POSTMODERNISM
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, VLASOVA Olha , NOVOKSHONOVA Natalia ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, LITMAN Maksym ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The actual message of this paper is stipulated by the necessity of the scientific reflexion of the new socio-cultural processes under the postmodern conditions. The emergence of the problematic field of the institutional research, launching from the end of the XXth century, testifies to the remarkable growth, which is an evidence of the continual development of the political philosophy, which is focused on the transformation of the values of the individual and the status objectives of the power institutions and the state authority. The research of the institutional processes under the ―conditions of postmodernity‖ is carried out in the range of the systematic analysis and is based on the theories of J. F. Lyotard, J. Deleuze, G. Habermas, M. Weber, D. North, E. Durcheim and other postmodern scientists.
The extraordinary heightening of individuation is described as the consequence of the multiplication and segregation of roles available to – in some measure forced upon, – the individual. The social roles we occupy are increasingly experienced not as natural and fixed representations of the self but as optional appliances. The enlarged domain of reflexive management of the self is the major reason of the appearance of the opposite thinking and self consciousness, which are based on the alternative self-representations, which are evident in the Western world. Individuals and individuation are analyzed with the insertion of the cultural phenomena, intellectual media and postmodern discourses, with the stress on the main contradiction of the institutialization, that is some kind of discrepancy between who and what we have been as well as what we desire to be. In addition, the situation is aggravated with the incongruity of the system of the normative society organization and the life world of individuals. In some cases it is represented in the phenomena of depersonalization, which are given different names in philosophy, literary criticism and cultural studies. Generally speaking it means the crisis of the individual basis of the self. The overall conclusion is focused on the necessity of overcoming the crisis, mentioned above, and the assertion that the growth of the both individual development and society changes depends on the speed of overcoming the effect of the slow transformations of the state institutional organizations.
UKRAINIAN STUDIES PRACTICES IN THE FIELD OF APPROVAL OF THE NATIONAL AND CIVIL IDENTITY OF YOUTH
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, HAZIZOVA Olena , FOSHCHII Snezhana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The study examines the main aspects of Ukrainian studies practices, their role in the formation of the national and civic identity of young people, as well as the importance of their implementation in the educational process. Attention is focused on the fact that in the conditions of a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, the issues of establishing and reproducing the national and civil identity of young people, raising the level of patriotism of Ukrainian society are becoming more and more urgent. In particular, legislative documents emphasize the importance of national-patriotic and military-patriotic education. The generalization and dissemination of the best pedagogical experience in the field of Ukrainian studies is an important factor in the education of patriotism among young people. The article analyzes the results of the IV International Competition for teachers of general secondary education institutions of Ukraine and educational institutions of the Ukrainian diaspora "Ukrainian Studies Priorities of the Educational Process", which was held by the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies from December 15, 2023 to January 15, 2024 in order to use the potential of Ukrainian studies as a means the formation of conscious and motivated patriotism, the development of social and cultural competences, which involve the ability to preserve and protect national identity. As evidenced by the works of the winners of the Competition, when teaching the course "Ukrainian tudies" and integrating the Ukrainian studies component into other educational fields, it is necessary to focus on the events taking place in Ukraine, such as the war, humanitarian aid, volunteering, and the participation of young people in social initiatives. It is important to include personal stories: the use of eyewitness accounts, interviews with veterans, volunteers and others who have experience of participating in the war. Also, the Ukrainian studies component of the educational process in wartime conditions can serve as psychological support for students, helping them cope with emotional stress and build resilience. This makes it possible to form an active civic position of the younger generation of Ukrainians who are aware of their identity, values and responsibility for the future of their country.
LEADERSHIP: CURRENT ASPECTS OF SELF-FULFILLMENT OF FUTURE OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE DURING EDUCATION AT MILITARY UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Kyiv Institute of the National Guard of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, MATVIEIEV Vitalii
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and cultural aspects of self-realization of future officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during their studies at military universities. The author points out that in modern conditions, in parallel with the development of scientific and technical progress, the requirements for the intellectual, mental, volitional and even physical qualities of a specialist are also growing significantly and, first of all, this applies to a military serviceman. The original contradiction of the task of improving the preparedness of future officers, according to the author, is that the profession mainly involves improving the functioning of the future specialist, and not the professional's personal growth. Therefore, there is a need to enrich the educational process of the military university with new educational technologies and improve the existing ones, the transition from reproductive to productive, creative education. In the article, the model of improving the professional training of future officers for the performance of servicecombat tasks is presented as a complex system that includes interconnected blocks: target; motivational; meaningful and active; axiological-resultative. At the beginning of the third millennium, the most important problem of the spiritual life of our country is the revival of traditional spiritual values and ideas, among which the idea of patriotism was and remains the main one. In modern Ukraine, when changes have covered almost all spheres of socio-economic, political and spiritual life, perhaps only it can contribute to the realization of the hope for the revival of national values and traditions of Ukrainian society. The article emphasizes that the idea of patriotism serves as the basis of the officer's psychological culture.
The Logical Rise of Analytic Metaphysics
Authors: Strollo Andrea
Published: December 2024

Analytic metaphysics is usually considered a contemporary form of traditional, pre-Cartesian metaphysics. This paper examines the epistemic legitimacy of analytic metaphysics in the face of scientific dominance. While naturalized metaphysics has found its place within science, analytic metaphysics remains challenged. To meet the challenge, I propose interpreting analytic metaphysics as a form of logical inquiry, positioning logic as its foundation, similarly to how science grounds naturalized metaphysics. The argument is developed through three key points: (1) tracing the historical connection between science and naturalized metaphysics on the one hand, and analytic metaphysics and philosophical logic on the other hand, (2) highlighting similarities between logic and metaphysics, and (3) demonstrating that contemporary analytic metaphysics often operates as a logical inquiry. I show that this strategy preserves classical options at the meta-metaphysical level, arguing that a view of logic as grounded in language is in a better position to safeguard the autonomy from science and the collapse into naturalized metaphysics.
Why Contextualist Approaches to Essences are worth Pursuing
Authors: Nencha Cristina
Published: December 2024

In this paper, my goal is to delve into several reasons that support adopting modal contextualist frameworks for understanding essences, and to show why they deserve further consideration. Contextualist approaches, in my view, are often dismissed because too much emphasis is placed on their disadvantages. For this reason, I advocate for a discussion that encompasses not only the advantages but also the drawbacks, some of which I believe have been overestimated. Although my main focus will be on David Lewis’s proposal, many of the arguments I put forward can also be applied to other contextualist frameworks.
Temporal and Atemporal Asymmetries in Causation
Authors: Saudek Daniel
Published: December 2024

This article proposes a new account of causal asymmetry and of how it relates to temporal asymmetry. The key concept on which the account is based is that of inclusion, i.e. of an object being “in” another. Thus, part I develops the notion of what is “possible with respect to” a given object, and what is not, based on what is included in it. This leads to a counterfactual dependence asymmetry which is independent of the direction of time. Part II provides a crash course in local time, describing how to derive temporal precedence (“before”) and time’s characteristic asymmetry in terms only of states of physical objects called “recorders”, a derivation which yields a relativistically correct model of time’s arrow. Putting the counterfactual and temporal asymmetries together allows, in part III, to propose an explanation of why causes are observed to precede their effects in time. The upshot is that, even though many of our intuitions about causal asymmetry are profoundly connected to our temporal perspective, there remains a robust counterfactual asymmetry whereby a change in an object requires something distinct from it.
Dispositional Harmony: Examining the Causal Connection Between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties
Authors: Hauska Jan
Published: December 2024

Having recently emerged from the philosophical doldrums, the view that there are extrinsic dispositions has provoked questions about some aspects of their nature. One of the questions is whether causal bases of such dispositions would be extrinsic as well. Adopting the dominant causal conception of dispositional properties, I argue for the thesis of dispositional harmony, or for the proposition that dispositions agree with their bases in respect of intrinsicness (or lack thereof). The proposition is at odds with the claim that the causal bases of extrinsic dispositions are intrinsic. As the claim was supported by appeal to the disposition of a key to open a door, I discuss the disposition, contending that it is intrinsic. Then I deflect a possible rejoinder by pointing out that the disposition is also multi-track. Dispositional harmony entails that if there were extrinsic dispositions, at least some extrinsic properties would be causally efficacious.
The Category Mistake of Locating Properties in Spacetime and Platonic Immanence
Authors: Zhang Ruoyu
Published: December 2024

This paper challenges the traditional metaphysical assumption that properties can be located in spacetime and examines the ontological implications of categorizing spacetime itself. By introducing a two-category ontology, we argue that attempts to locate properties in spacetime represent a category mistake, as this notion fails to address the fundamental categorization of spacetime. We propose that the notion of instantiation should be conceptually separated from spatiotemporal location, thereby allowing for properties that are Platonic yet immanent. Furthermore, we reevaluate the debate between Platonism and Aristotelianism, advocating that Platonic properties can possess a form of immanence previously thought to be exclusive to Aristotelian frameworks. This reformation not only underscores the need for categorizing spacetime but also reshapes our understanding of the instantiation and immanence of properties within ontological dependence frameworks.
Some Notes on the Role of the Identity of Indiscernibles in Metaphysics
Authors: Ferrari Francesco Maria
Published: December 2024

The Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles (PII) asserts that if putative objects x and y share all properties P, then they must be one and the same entity. Since the usual formal rendering of the PII has the same formal structure as the Leibniz Identity, it may be unclear whether it can be used to define identity and objectuality. As identity and objectuality are closely related, this study aims to examine their relationship within the framework of formal ontology. Crucial for the discussion are issues about type and range of quantification and the invariance of the identity predicate coourring in the PII. Ultimately, the analysis reveals that the appeal to PII is insufficient for providing both identity and objectuality. Some further considerations about how the PII sensitively constrains the range of available ontologies or metaphysics are formulated.
Epidemiology, microbiological profile and susceptibility pattern of uropathogens from a tertiary care hospital in central India
Authors: Gaur Shuchita , Gahlot Rupam , Netam Suchita , Dadarya Sneha , Sherwani Nikita
Published: December 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common infection in the community, whereas in hospitals, they are the most common healthcare-associated infections. Monitoring factors like the most common causative organisms and their susceptibility pattern is essential for tailored management and practicing antimicrobial stewardship. This study was done to determine the epidemiology, microbiological profile, and susceptibility pattern of uropathogens to make better antibiotic policy.

: This was a retrospective descriptive study done at the Department of Microbiology, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh in which analysis of the culture isolates obtained from urine samples received between January 2022 to December 2022 was performed.

: Out of 2893 urine samples, 784 (27.1%) showed significant growth on culture. Females were more affected than males with male to female ratio being 1:2.3. Most common causative organism found in our study was (41.9%) followed by species (23.9%), non-albicans species(11.09%) and (10.3%). isolates showed 100% susceptibility to fosfomycin; 93% for nitrofurantoin, and 93% for carbapenems. In the case of isolates of the susceptibility percentage for nitrofurantoin and carbapenems were 59% and 82% respectively. In isolates were 100% susceptible to Teicoplanin and Fosfomycin, 82% for Nitrofurantoin.

: followed by species the most common uropathogen. Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin were the most effective antibiotics against uropathogens.
Specialty-specific hand hygiene compliance: 5-year study from a large public sector teaching hospital, South India
Authors: Dhandapani Sarumathi , Priyadarshi Ketan , Rajshekar Deepashree , Vinothini A Benedict , Punnen Stessy Ann , Sastry Apurba S
Published: December 2024

: Hand hygiene (HH) is essential for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), especially in ICUs and cancer care centers. These settings often involve immunocompromised patients and invasive devices, making HH critical for patient safety. Despite its recognized importance, consistent adherence to HH practices by healthcare workers (HCWs) remains a significant challenge.

This study aimed to evaluate HH compliance in a tertiary care hospital in South India using a customized Android application aligned with WHO guidelines.

: This observational study was conducted across high-risk areas of a tertiary care hospital from June 2019 to May 2024. The hospital's high-risk units, under medical, surgical, and pediatric alliances, were included. An Android application based on the Ibhar platform and WHO hand hygiene audit guidelines was used for data collection. The study recorded HH opportunities, Complete HH Adherence (HHCAR), Partial HH Adherence (HHPAR), and Total HH Adherence (HHTAR). The data were analyzed for location-specific, profession-specific, and moment-specific compliance rates.

: A total of 196,252 HH opportunities were recorded, with the surgical alliance accounting for the highest number. Pediatric units had the highest compliance, with an HHTAR of 89% and an HHCAR of 66%. Nurses demonstrated the highest compliance among professions, with an HHTAR of 82.8%. Compliance was higher after patient care moments compared to before. Statistically significant differences were noted across different specialties and moments.

: This large-scale study highlights the variation in HH compliance across different specialties and the need for targeted training sessions. Given the resource constraints in many tertiary care centers, focusing audits on high-risk areas is practical. The use of software-based applications like Ibhar enhances data collection and analysis, making the audit process more efficient. Regular HH audits and behavioral changes are essential to improve and sustain high standards of HH compliance, ultimately contributing to better infection control practices.
Surge of healthcare associated infections in COVID intensive care units
Authors: Priyadarshi Ketan , Dhandapani Sarumathi , Vinothini A Benedict , Punnen Stessy Ann , Sastry Apurba S
Published: December 2024

: Healthcare-associated infection played a vital role in determining the patient’s outcome during the COVID pandemic. However, the data on HAI rates is largely unavailable in COVID locations. This is because conducting HAI surveillance inside COVID ICUs is a big challenge. Therefore, we conducted this unique quality improvement study which aims at comparing the trends of HAI rates in COVID and non-COVID ICUs during the ongoing pandemic.

: The aim of the study was to compare the HAI rates in COVID and non COVID ICUs with the baseline HAI rates in pre COVID era.

: The HAI surveillance was carried out during April 2020-December 2020 in the COVID ICUs (test group) and non-COVID ICUs (control group) and compared with ICUs from January 2019 to March 2020 (pre COVID baseline group). Then HAI data was analysed and the HAI rates were calculated based on national healthcare safety network guidelines.

Overall, the HAI rates were higher in COVID time in comparison to pre COVID time. During the COVID period, higher HAI rates were seen in the COVID ICUs than in the non COVID ICUs. CLABSI rate had the highest occurrence followed by VAE, CAUTI, and SSI.

: Higher HAI rates in COVID time indicates that there is need of serious infection control intervention thereby reducing the HAIs associated in COVID patients. Strict compliance to hand hygiene and other transmission-based precautions are to be followed in order to enhance the overall safety of patients.
Assessment of bacteriological contamination in coin currency in circulation
Authors: Gedam Dilip , Taiwade Pooja Dilip , Kayal Titirsha , Meshram Prashant , Bhise Swati
Published: December 2024

: The primary aim of this study was to identify the bacterial contaminants present on Indian currency coins, characterize the different types of bacteria isolated, and assess the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the bacteria within the Nagpur region of Maharashtra, India. Determining the isolation and identification of the various pathogens on coin surfaces is essential for addressing the potential spread of diseases through handling currency.

: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, spanning from 2015 to 2024. We collected 120 currency coin samples aseptically from individuals across various occupational groups. The culture and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were analyzed following standard operating procedures.

: A total of 50.83% of the coins exhibited bacterial contamination, with . identified as the most frequently isolated organism at 13.33%. The highest levels of contamination were found in lower-value coins. Notably, there was a significant decrease in coin contamination during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, likely due to a rise in online monetary transactions. The isolated bacteria demonstrated strong sensitivity to several antibiotics, including Ampicillin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Doxycycline, and Ceftriaxone.

: The present study finds that Indian currency coins often harbor pathogenic bacteria, especially enteropathogens, which play a significant role in the spread of diseases. It is essential to raise public awareness about the importance of maintaining good personal hygiene when handling coins. By practicing proper hand hygiene and adhering to sound sanitary practices, individuals can greatly reduce the risk of infection, particularly those who handle both food and money at the same time.
Neonatal septicemia: Diagnostic challenges and the role of CRP and blood culture
Authors: Pipaliya Binda Prakashbhai , Norris Saurabh Chhotalal , Patel Rachana Dhirubhai , Pandya Himani Bhardwaj , Javadekar Tanuja Bakul
Published: December 2024

Neonatal septicemia, a serious blood infection occurring within the first four weeks of life, is a significant cause of neonatal deaths. Its diagnosis is challenging due to the non-specific nature of its signs and symptoms. C-reactive protein (CRP) serves as a valuable biomarker for early detection, facilitating timely treatment and improving survival rates as a rapid adjunct to the standard blood culture process. This study explores the relationship between CRP levels and blood culture findings in diagnosing Neonatal septicemia.

The objectives were to determine common organisms causing neonatal septicemia, to evaluate CRP as a diagnostic tool for Neonatal septicemia compared to blood culture results.

The study examined the correlation between CRP levels and blood culture outcomes in neonates suspected of having sepsis. Blood samples were aseptically collected and inoculated in 1 set of BD BACTECTM Peds Plus/F blood culture bottles, incubated for five days using a BD BACTEC automated machine. The bacteria isolated from positive blood culture were processed using Vitek-2. CRP levels were determined using the latex agglutination card test, with positive samples further analyzed via quantitative nephelometry.

Of the 321 samples, 28.97% (93) tested positive for bacterial sepsis via blood culture. Among these, 33.3% (31 cases) were , 18.3% (17 cases) were , and 11.8% (11 cases) were , with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) being the most common group overall. Among the Gram-negative organisms, (8.6%) and (6.5%) were significant contributors to neonatal septicemia. CRP was positive in 82 cases with blood culture-positive samples and in 105 cases with blood culture-negative samples, underscoring its potential as a diagnostic marker for Neonatal septicemia.

While CRP is a valuable biomarker for detection of Neonatal septicemia, it should not be used as a sole diagnostic tool due to its lack of specificity. CRP testing provides a presumptive diagnosis that can guide early antibiotic therapy, emphasizing its significance in neonatal care.
A stochastic analysis and bibliometric analysis of COVID-19
Authors: Gaur Nisha , Chaudhary Rakshita , Yadav Mohit , Srivastava Siddharth , Chaudhary Vanshika , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 a novel Corona Virus Disease which was caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2) continues to pose a critical and urgent threat to global health. When an infected person comes in contact with a normal individual or when the infected person sneezes or coughs, the virus that triggers COVID-19 spreads.

The spread of novel SARS-CoV-2 was increasing, and the threats caused by it were becoming more severe in 2021. To counter the disease and save countless lives in danger, it is necessary to predict the trend of the number of cases and deaths and then implement the policies accordingly.

In this paper, the trends of the growth rate of worldwide cases and deaths were studied, and the future growth for 100 days was predicted using the Neural network model and Polynomial Regression model. For efficient planning, the countries were grouped using Principal Component Analysis and the predictions were made. The cases and deaths in different countries and states were related through the Pearson coefficient, and the heat maps were studied. Additionally, in this paper, a case study to predict the trend of cases, number of deaths and recoveries in India was also performed.

The Indian states were grouped into four groups based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results, and relevant remarks and trends were suggested. The growth of cases and deaths was studied, and the peaks were predicted for the next 200 days. In recent months, COVID-19 has generated a significant deal of anxiety as a global pandemic, and an increasing number of studies have been published in this area.

Consequently, a bibliometric examination of these papers may offer insight into current research hot subjects and trends. We are the first to join stochastic analysis of COVID-19 effects with bibliometric analysis of COVID-19. This prediction, if taken into consideration strategically during the planning of preventive measures of COVID-19 can help to reduce the cases to a great extent.
Hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis in hepatitis A: case report on early remission through ayurveda interventions
Authors: Panda Ashok Kumar
Published: December 2024

Hepatitis A is a common cause for acute hepatitis and jaundice. It is mostly self-limiting requires no or suppurative treatment and very rare cases prolong jaundice, liver failure and death. Prolonged jaundice types of cases are mostly going to folk healers and herbalist. Ayurveda has no recordable evidence of course of treatment in Hepatitis A. Therefore, this case paper will be a notable evidence for Ayurveda in hepatitis A.

A 43-year female came to hospital with an one week history of lethargy, anorexia, weight loss and yellow discoloration of urine. The patient has Hepatitis A (HAV) IgM antibody positive with other viral profile negative and elevated bilirubin(6.28mg/dl) and high transaminase (SGOT-824U/L and SGPT 1263 U/L).

Arogyavardhini Vati, Liv 52Hb and Phalatrikadi Kwatha were administrated in its standard doses as these regimen have Agnideepak(Carminative), Srotosothaka (channel purifier), Mrudu virechana ( Mild purgative)properties, but no signicant change in liver function test . then ( Siddha Makardwaja Rasa) is added to reduce liver inflammation and possible involvement of cholangitis. The physical strength , appetite was normalised along with normalisation of bilirubin and liver transaminase within three weeks of the therapy.

The combination of therapy may reduce the bile acid cytotoxicity of bile and, possibly, decrease of the concentration of hydrophobic bile acids in the cholangiocyte. As Siddha Makardwaja special is in metallic oxide form (Au/HgO), it may be acts as an anti-inflammatory drug by reducing pro inflammatory cytokine expression, blocking leucocyte adhesion and decreasing oxidative stress due to infection.

This case report is preliminary evidence for further stresses the significance of Siddha Makardwaja Rasayana along with other Ayurveda formulations in early remission of high bilirubin and liver transaminase in Hepatitis A infection. This treatment regimen can be used for local epidemic of Hepatitis A for appropriate Ayurveda management after randomised clinical trial.
Shakespeare, Television, and Girl Culture
Authors: Balizet Ariane M.
Published: December 2024

This essay examines representations of Shakespeare in television marketed towards teen girls, paying special attention to the way that studying Shakespeare's works is crucially associated with girls' intellectual inferiority and/or the threat of physical violence or sexual assault. The teen heroines of My So-Called Life, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Gilmore Girls, Gossip Girl, and Switched at Birth — though not a racially, ethnically, or economically diverse group — nevertheless represent a useful snapshot of fictional girls on American television over the past twenty years. Using de Certeau's idea of "textual poaching," this essay explores the relationship between Shakespeare and television aimed at teen girls to suggest two related but contrasting conclusions. The first is that the study of Shakespeare in teen girl TV reveals persistent, troubling patterns of girls' intellectual, physical, and sexual subordination. The second is that Shakespeare in teen girl TV also represents an opportunity for true resistance against such subordination. The imbrication of Shakespeare with girl culture on television demands that scholars of Shakespearean appropriation articulate and theorize the consequences of depicting Shakespeare as a girl's ally as opposed to her enemy.
Sarah Bernhardt's Ophelia
Authors: Young Alan R.
Published: December 2024

This essay argues that both Sarah Bernhardt's 1880 sculpture of the drowned Ophelia and her later, on-stage appearance in 1886 as the dead Ophelia contributed significantly to the nineteenth-century obsession with death and sexuality. The cult of Ophelia was central to this obsession, and in both her sculpture and stage appearance, Bernhardt added subversive aspects that hinted at the nature of the female subject and the afterlife of Ophelia that would continue to play a significant role in visual culture in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
"Being Born a Girl": Toni Morrison's Desdemona Authors
Authors: Carney Jo Eldridge
Published: December 2024

Desdemona is a collaboration among writer Toni Morrison, theater director Peter Sellars, and musician Rokia Traoré. Morrison's text, a series of monologues and dialogues spoken by an actress who plays Desdemona and channels various other characters, alternates with songs written and performed by Traoré, a renowned Malian singer and composer. This hybrid narrative of words and music insists upon a radical rereading of Othello as it pushes against aesthetic, generic, and ideological boundaries. Both prequel and sequel to Shakespeare's play, this work expands and re-envisions the story of his tragic heroine by imagining Desdemona's girlhood as well as her afterlife. Desdemona tells us her story from the other side of the grave, the "undiscovered country" Hamlet famously evokes. Morrison's desire to create a more significant role for Desdemona came from her sense that Shakespeare's tragic heroine has been given insufficient attention, particularly in performances, a neglect that can be located in the critical tradition as well. Morrison's reconstruction of Desdemona as a young girl is a rich lyrical narrative in itself, but as a creative appropriation it explicitly positions itself in dialogue with Shakespeare's articulation of Desdemona and with a tradition of critical and performative interpretations of her character.
A Republican Dream? — Americans Question Shakespeare
Authors: Sturgess Kim C.
Published: December 2024

In late 2011, Anonymous, a large-budget movie from filmmaker Roland Emmerich — the producer of such films as Independence Day, The Day After Tomorrow, and The Patriot — was promoted on posters and in TV commercials by posing the question "Was Shakespeare a Fraud?" While contemporary media executives chose the advertising "tag line" for this film, the roots of their exploitative question go back to 1856 and the lead article, by American Delia Bacon, in Putnam's Monthly, A Magazine of Literature, Science, and Art. For the first time in the public press, a scholar argued that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon did not write the plays and poems that bore his name. Important to this re-mythologizing was Bacon's thesis that the plays promoted a republican political philosophy that ultimately led to the creation of the United States of America. This article startled some in nineteenth-century society and, via a tangled web, more recently has resulted in the script and publicity campaign for the movie Anonymous. The origins of this speculation about Shakespearean authorship, together with related commercial sensationalism, can be linked to the appropriation of Shakespeare's plays to support American republican ideology.
Reviving Ophelia: Reaching Adolescent Girls through Shakespeare's Doomed Heroine
Authors: Flaherty Jennifer
Published: December 2024

With the publication of Mary Pipher's Reviving Ophelia in 1996, Shakespeare's Ophelia became a symbol for adolescent girls who are drowning in the pressures of their day-to-day life. Pipher's appropriation of Ophelia resonated with readers, and the idea of saving Ophelia has become a metaphor for the act of helping young women to withstand the social pressures of the twenty-first century. Speaking directly to young readers, authors Lisa Klein and Lisa Fiedler take the current connotations of the character back to Hamlet by creating young adult novelizations of Shakespeare's play from Ophelia's point of view. In Dating Hamlet (2002) and Ophelia (2006), Fiedler and Klein re-create Ophelia by presenting her as a capable, headstrong teenage girl who can survive the painful circumstances that drive her Shakespearean predecessor to madness and early death. By revising Ophelia and creating newer, more assertive versions in their novels, Fiedler and Klein subvert the critical tradition of Hamlet and invert the popular perception of Ophelia in an effort to create relatable role-models for their young readers. Fiedler and Klein use the comfortable distance of the Shakespearean source text and the historical romance genre to address contemporary social concerns (including education, sexism, consensual sex, and date rape). Both authors rely on a cultural familiarity with Shakespeare to provide alternate readings of Hamlet that focus on giving Ophelia more autonomy as a way of encouraging their teenage readers to embrace their own agency.
"I think nothing, my lord": Emptiness, Absence, and Abused Innocence in "Ophelia, the Rose of Elsinore"
Authors: Berg Dianne E.
Published: December 2024

Mary Cowden Clarke's cautionary, didactic pre-history of Hamlet's Ophelia uses the character's submissive affect and limited agency to inflict an escalating series of emotional and psychological shocks on her heroine, which she suggests will eventually burst forth as madness. In doing so, Clarke becomes another (perhaps the worst) of Ophelia's abusers, constructing a narrative of foundational, sexualized psychic pain that surpasses the traumas visited on her by Shakespeare, ultimately silencing her "heroine" and reifying her secondary status in the prince of Denmark's tragedy. In the nineteenth century tradition of "bowdlerizing" literature for impressionable young readers, Clarke employs folk and fairy-tale conventions to create a social and cultural landscape in which masculine desire is an omnipresent threat, female desire too dangerous to contemplate, and a young maid's wits as mortal as her virtue. In her zeal to protect the purity of Victorian girlhood, Clarke adopts an abusive relationship to Ophelia that effectively conflates the roles of author and evil stepmother. By evacuating her subject of any internal resources save "innocence" and "obedience," Clarke creates a character who is merely acted upon, denying Ophelia even the agency granted her theatrical prototype, who performs the most powerful, proactive deed of her circumscribed life by ending it.
Comparative Analysis of Somatic Parameters and Movement Quality in Novice and Experienced CrossFit Athletes
Authors: Sporek Piotr , Konieczny Mariusz
Published: December 2024

In this study, fifty active CrossFit athletes were divided into beginner (n=25, mean age 24.8±5.2 years) and experienced groups (n=25, mean age 25.1±4.9 years) to assess injury risk, body fat distribution, and functional movement quality at different levels of experience. All participants attended training sessions five times a week and were preparing for competitions, training CrossFit at a competitive level, with the beginner group having up to 2 years of CrossFit training and the experienced group having 4-6 years of training. We involved fifty active CrossFit athletes, divided into beginner and experienced groups, in our study. The athletes in the beginning group (n=25, mean age 24.8±5.2 years) had no more than 2 years of training experience, while the athletes in the experienced group (n=25, mean age 25.1±4.9 years) had between 4-6 years of training experience. All participants attended training sessions five times a week and were preparing for competitions, training CrossFit at a competitive level. Both groups were evaluated for skinfold thickness and body fat percentage using appropriate measurement techniques, while functional movements were assessed separately using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Kit system and protocol. The results indicated that the experienced group demonstrated significantly higher overall FMS scores (U = 71.5, p < .001, r = 0.67), suggesting better functional movement patterns and potentially lower injury risk. They also exhibited higher body density and lower body fat percentages (U = 126, p < .001, r = 0.51) compared to the beginner group, which had higher skinfold thickness measurements in the breast, abdominal, and thigh areas. The findings of the study suggest that with increased experience in CrossFit training, athletes tend to have lower body fat, especially in the lower body, and exhibit improved functional movement quality. These improvements in movement efficiency potentially decrease the risk of injury, highlighting the benefits of long-term participation in high-intensity CrossFit training.
Thermal tolerance can be maintained and enhanced by passive, post-exercise intermittent heat exposure following heat acclimation in a military context
Authors: Ashworth Edward Tom , Cotter James David , Kilding Andrew Edward
Published: December 2024

Military personnel are required to operate in hot environments upon short notice. To preserve performance an elevated thermal tolerance could be maintained prior to deployment using heat acclimation (HA) followed by intermittent heat exposure (IHE). In a randomised manner, 19 participants completed 5 d of passive, post-exercise HA in either sauna or hot-water immersion (HWI) followed by 19 d of decay, or IHE every 2-3 days. A heat-stress test involving walking for 1 h in 33°C, 75% humidity in military dress was conducted before HA, after HA, and following the decay or IHE period. Following HA, performance was unaffected, while mean rectal temperature (↓0.3°C), and mean heart rate reduced (↓8 bpm). Following the decay period, performance reduced in the decay group (↓2.6 min) while no change was seen with IHE. IHE saw mean rectal temperature continued to decrease (↓0.1°C) while sweat rate increased (↑0.1 L.h-1), changes not seen in the decay group. These findings showed HA to induce beneficial thermoregulatory adaptations that could be enhanced by IHE in a manner that can be practicably implemented within groups that need to deploy into hot environments at short notice.
The Teaching About De Facto States in Times of Crises: The Case of Transnistria
Authors: Kosienkowski Marcin
Published: December 2024

In this article, I share my personal experience of teaching about the de facto state of Transnistria during times of crises and within Central and East European and multicultural contexts. I begin by explaining where and when I teach about Transnistria, which may not be so obvious because it is a narrow topic. Next, I focus on how I approach classes devoted to Transnistria as a controversial and sensitive issue that requires specific teaching strategies. Finally, I discuss the outcomes of implementing these strategies and share my personal feelings about instruction concerning Transnistria. This article may be valuable to junior scholars who have recently started covering the subject of Transnistria and other de facto states and are seeking guidance. It may also benefit experienced senior scholars by offering them an opportunity to compare their teaching strategies.
Resolution of the II Ukrainian forum of experts on abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Bulavenko O.V. , Gromova O.L. , Dubossarska Y.O. , Ermolenko T.O. , Yefimenko O.О. , Zakharenko N.F. , Kosei N.V. , Pedachenko N.Y. , Pyrohova V.I. , Rozhkovska N.M. , Tatarchuk T.F. , Tutchenko T.M. , Yashina O.G.
Published: December 2024

Approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) are constantly updated due to the new results of clinical studies and in the process of revising international clinical guidelines. These updates need to be implemented in clinical practice. Therefore, on October 20, 2023, the II Ukrainian Forum of experts on AUB was held, the key provisions of which are outlined in this resolution.A new multi-level three-component classification system «HyPO-P + GAIN-FIT-PIE» developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) in 2022 was presented at the Forum. FIGO experts anatomically grouped the causes of ovulation disorders into 4 groups: I – hypothalamic, II – pituitary, III – ovarian, IV – polycystic ovary syndrome (first level HyPO-P). Also, this classification system includes the second level GAIN-FIT-PIE (genetic, autoimmune, iatrogenic, neoplastic; functional, infectious, inflammatory, traumatic, vascular; physiological, idiopathic, endocrine) and the third level with examples of specific conditions within the subgroups of the second level. Correct classification of ovulation disorders is important for the AUB diagnosis and management, since ovulation disorders are associated with disorders of the menstrual cycle characteristics, which leads to the development of functional AUB.In order to optimize the treatment of patients with AUB, the experts of the Forum developed an algorithm for the AUB management taking into account the individual approach and characteristics of the patient, which is based on the current FIGO classifications – PALM-COEIN (2018) and HyPO-P + GAIN-FIT-PIE (2022). According to this algorithm, patient management tactics depend on the type of disorders (structural, functional), the patient’s reproductive stage (adolescence, active reproductive age, perimenopause) and the need for contraception. Hormonal drugs (combined oral contraceptives and progestogens) are main direction of pharmacotherapy of functional AUB. The high efficiency of dydrogesterone among the progestogens has been proven, starting from the first cycle of therapy.
Assessment of anxiety, depression, stress and vitamin d levels in women in warfare
Authors: Kosei N.V. , Tatarchuk T.F. , Yakimets V.M. , Iarotska N.V. , Kolesnichenko I.S. , Plaksiieva K.D.
Published: December 2024

Objective of the study: to assess the levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D) in the blood serum of military women and women involved in a military conflict, as well as to identify the relationship of its indicators with the level of anxiety, depression and stress.Materials and methods. 52 women serving in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other categories of women involved in the military conflict were surveyed. They entered the main group. The comparison group includes 50 women who are not related to military conflict.The concentration of vitamin D (25(OH)D) in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay In all women. The level of stress was studied using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21).Results. The vast majority of women in the main group (76.5%) were diagnosed with vitamin D hypovitaminosis conditions, which significantly exceeded the specific gravity of such patients in the comparison group – 46.0% (р < 0.05). Only 12 (23.08%) women of the main group had a normal level of this vitamin, which was half as much as the specific gravity of such patients in the comparison group – 54% (р < 0.05).The values of the DASS-21 test on the depression scale were 5.74 ± 0.26 points In the main group, while in the comparison group – 4.57 ± 0.31 points (p < 0.05), on the stress scale – 8.22 ± 0.24 points and 6.67 ± 0.28 points, respectively (p < 0.05). Anxiety levels, on the contrary, were more pronounced in civilian women – 5.81 ± 0.24 points compared to the main group (р < 0.001). Signs of anxiety were found in 84.0% of civilian women and in 61.54% of women involved in the military conflict (p < 0.05). However, the specific weight of patients with different levels of this disorder almost did not differ between groups.Conclusions. Today, vitamin D deficiency is a widespread problem among women, regardless of profession. But a more pronounced decrease in its levels was found in female military personnel and other categories of women involved in the military conflict, which is related to the type of chosen profession, service conditions and psycho-emotional stress.It has been established that women who serve in the Armed Forces of Ukraine are more prone to depression and stress. Civilian women, on the other hand, show more signs of anxiety. The revealed relationship between the levels of vitamin D in the blood and elevated scores of the DASS-21 questionnaire in both groups indicates the importance of this vitamin in psycho-emotional stability. The pronounced decrease in the concentration of vitamin D, found in military women against the background of high stress load, substantiates the feasibility of a rational approach to the examination before military service and periodic determination of the vitamin D level, as well as the regular use of its adequate preventive doses.