bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of gynecological morbidity among ever married women of reproductive age group in field practice area of Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur
Authors: N. K. Brunda , Kalasker Pavan , Kurre Bhaskar
Published: July 2018

Background: India has made rapid progress in social, economy and health sectors since independence and simultaneous dramatic changes in lifestyle and social roles for women, mortality rates have shifted, resulting in a decreasing advantage for women. Explaining the consequences of these dynamic changes requires understanding of the various health effects. In the future these changes will have significant impact on women’s health.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 ever married women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) residing in the urban field practice area of NMCH&RC. Study subjects were interviewed about gynecological morbidities experienced in the recent past 6 months. Blood samples were collected and hemoglobin estimation was done.Results: Out of the total 400 ever married women of reproductive age group (15-49 years), 153 women were found to have gynecological morbidity and the prevalence was found to be 38.3%. Statistically significant association was found among the prevalence of gynecological morbidity and variables like literacy status, occupation, age at marriage, age at menarche and type of family of respondents.Conclusions: Due to the traditional and social constrains, socio-cultural factors of study participants, limit their access to the health care and social support services, thereby providing an environment conducive to acquiring and transmitting RTI/STIs.
Pattern of substance abuse: a community based study in West Bengal
Authors: Sau Manabendra , Sinha Roy Amal Kumar , Das Pausali , Singh Jitendra Kumar
Published: July 2018

Background: Drug addiction produces serious pervasive and expensive social problems. Regardless of whether substance abuse is a sin, a crime, a bad habit or an illness society has a right to expect that an effective approach to drug abuse problem will reduce drug related crime unemployment, family dysfunction and disproportionate use of medical care. Science has made great progress over the past several years, but it is still not possible to account fully the physiological and psychological process that transform controlled voluntary use of drugs into uncontrolled is voluntary dependence on those substances, and these is still no cine. The objective of the study was to find out pattern of different types of substance abuse in a community in West Bengal.Methods: An observational cross-sectional community based study during April 2017-September 2017 in a community of West Bengal among 142 addicted persons.Results: In the studied 142 cases, Brown sugar (an adulterated form of Heroin) was primary drug of abuse in urban area contrary to alcohol in rural area. Commonest age of initiation was between 15-20 years (57.75%). Polydrug abusers (59.1%) were common.Conclusions: Our study revealed that in spite of having strict legislation for prohibition of substance abuse, people are still addicted with alcohol, cannabis, drugs etc. Substance use is prevalent in the studied area, with a higher prevalence in males. Substance users rarely seek treatment for substance use. This needs continuous awareness and community-level services for the treatment of substance use disorders.
Study to assess knowledge, perception and practices regarding Swachh Bharat Abhiyan among rural people of Nalgonda district in Telangana state
Authors: J. Kishore Yadav , Naidu Navya K. , D. Sreeharshika , B. Harikrishna , V. Malhotra
Published: July 2018

Background: Swachh Bharat Mission was launched by our Hon. Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi on October 2, 2014 with Mahatma Gandhi as the inspiration, to create a clean India of his dream by 2019, on his 150th birth anniversary. The basic objective is to create sanitation facilities for all and eliminate completely the unhealthy practice of open defecation. This study is conducted to assess knowledge, perception and practices regarding Swachh Bharat Abhiyan among rural people.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 subjects of rural area with a pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire in order to assess their knowledge, perception and practices regarding Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Data collected was analysed using SPSS software.Results: In our study, it was found that 62.2% have heard about SBA and 82.84% of them have identified both the objectives of SBA. 81.8% of the literates felt that people must actively participate in SBA and this was statistically significant. 26.52% were defecating in the open field, 69.81% were using soap and water for hand washing after defecation and 34.75% of the subjects were disposing solid waste in community bins.Conclusions: Though most of the people were having positive perception only 25.98% have participated in SBA activities and main source of information was found to be television and newspaper. The proportion of people disposing solid waste in community bins and using soap and water for hand washing was significantly higher among people who were aware about SBA.
A community based study on awareness of organ donation among young adults in rural areas of Puducherry
Authors: K. Devi , Leondra Lydia , R. Poovitha
Published: July 2018

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding organ donation in a selected rural adult population in Pondicherry.Methods: Simple random sampling was used to generate a sample of 100 in rural service areas of IGMC&RI. Face to face interview was conducted based on a pre-tested questionnaire in selected rural areas of Pondicherry. Data was analysed using SPSS v.22 and associations were tested using the Pearson's Chi square test.Results: 66% of the participants in this survey had adequate knowledge score for organ donation. Knowledge about organ donation was significantly associated with employment status (p=0.025). Television emerged as the major source of information. Only 19% had donated an organ. All (19%) were volunteers who have donated blood.Conclusions: Better knowledge may ultimately translate into the act of donation. Effective measures should be taken to educate people with relevant information with the involvement of media and doctors.
Monitoring and evaluation of intranatal facilities at community health centre level in Siddharth Nagar district
Authors: Yadav Surbhi , Ahmad Shamshad , Kumar Mahendra , Yadav S. K. , Garg P. K. , Bahteja Roma
Published: July 2018

Background: Despite WHO and UNICEF are leaving no stone unturn to promote breastfeeding in health facilities globally, there is poor status of breastfeeding in rural India till today. in 2012, U.P had one of the poorest maternal and neonatal health outcomes in India. Assessment the implementation of practice of skin to skin contact and early initiation of breastfeeding.Methods: It was a descriptive longitudinal study. This study was carried out in CHC Khisraha and CHC Mithwal in Siddharthnagar, over a period of 3 months. All pregnant women admitted for normal delivery during data collection period and had positive outcome was our study sample. A total of 101 samples were observed and interviewed.Results: Most of the beneficiaries were from age group 20-22 years (46.5%). Pre-term delivery was high (26.7%) in present study. Only in 12% of cases radiant warmer were switched on 20-30 minutes before delivery. Only 3% of babies born were dried with pre-warmed towel/cloth. Practice of skin to skin contact was observed in 97% of cases. Only in 18.8% of cases babies followed breast crawl. All babies were given pre-lacteal feed. Only in 8.9% of cases initiation of breastfeeding was done within 30 minutes.Conclusions: Supportive supervision of staff nurses for STS contact and BF initiation is needed. Counselling and training of ASHA worker about benefits of early BF and STS contact for both mother and baby.
A study on menstrual hygiene practices and problems amongst adolescent girls in Udaipur, Rajasthan, 2018
Authors: Tundia Mohnish N. , Thakrar Dhara V.
Published: July 2018

Background: Adolescence in girls has been recognized as a special period in life cycle. This period is marked with onset of menarche. It is linked with several perceptions and practices, which sometimes results in adverse health outcomes. So, this study was carried out to assess practices of menstruation in adolescent girls, to find out its related problems and socio-cultural beliefs.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during January-February 2018 in two schools of Udaipur using convenient sampling method with 440 sample size. Participants were adolescent girls of 9 to 12 standard. Girls were asked to fill a pre formed, pre tested semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Here 68.41% girls gave history of abdominal pain as premenstrual symptoms (PMS). School absenteeism was found 44.54% due to menstruation related problems. Sanitary Napkins were used by 50.22% girls. And 66.54% girls were using water to clean genitals during menstruation. Restriction from attending religious functions was high (91.59%). Associations of absorbents used by participants with absorbents used by their mothers and sisters were statistically significant.Conclusions: Abdominal pain was main PMS. Restrictions due to menstruation were very highly imposed. There were all chances that same types of the adsorbent were used by the adolescent girls, which were used by their mothers and sisters.
Sexual behaviour in pregnancy among antenatal women attending a secondary hospital in southern India
Authors: Livingstone Jennifer David , Ralte Lalmalsawmi , Magar James Thapa , Choudhari Sirshendu , Cherian Anne George , Mohan Venkata Raghava
Published: July 2018

Background: The objectives of our study were to estimate the prevalence of antenatal women who had ever experienced sexual activity (only genital sex) in the present pregnancy; to assess their knowledge and practice towards sexual activity and to identify the socio-demographic variables associated with abstinence of sexual activity during pregnancy.Methods: This is a cross sectional study which included antenatal women, who visited the investigators for regular health check-ups and were asked to take part in the study after giving their consent.Results: Eighty-seven (80%) out of 108 subjects responded to the question as to whether they ever had sexual intercourse (SI) during the current pregnancy. Overall prevalence of the Sexual Intercourse during pregnancy in our study was 54% (95%CI is 43.4-64.6%). Sixty nine (63.9%) women believed that sexual intercourse was safe in pregnancy. Out of the 69 women who believed sex is safe in pregnancy, majority (79.8%) reported that it widened the birth passage.Conclusions: The present study finds that most of the women are not keen to discuss the topic of sexual behaviour even if confidentiality is maintained. Majority of the women in our study were willing to discuss with a doctor or husband if there is a sexual health related problem; whereas one fourth of the women would continue to bear such problems without discussing it with anyone. Sex during pregnancy is a topic which women are reluctant to discuss irrespective of their socio-economic and cultural background.
Maternal co-relates of anaemia among children aged 1-3 years of age in a rural area of Meerut
Authors: Bano Tanveer , Agarwal Abhishek , Garg Sunil Kumar , Chopra Harivansh , Jain Seema , Singh Ganesh
Published: July 2018

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia constitutes more than half of the anaemia burden among the under 5 children. In addition to socio-demographic factors, the maternal factors plays an important role in determining childhood anaemia. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia among 1-3 year old children and to find their association with maternal factors.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in a sub centre village under Machhra CHC. Sample size was calculated as 182 by taking the prevalence of anaemia as 79% with 7.5% relative precision and 95% confidence interval. From the list of 404 children obtained from MCTS data, 200 children were selected randomly. Detailed information regarding socio demographic factors and maternal factors was obtained on a pre tested and pre designed questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were estimated using haemo check rapid diagnostic kit. The data was collected and analyzed on epi info 3.7.2 using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Out of 200 children 77.5% of them were suffering from mild to severe anaemia. Among all the maternal factors studied maternal education, iron folic acid consumption during pregnancy, birth order of the index case and history of exclusive breast feeding were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of anaemia among the children.Conclusions: The present study revealed a high prevalence of anaemia in children and maternal factors plays an important role in determining the disease.
Impact of conditional cash transfer scheme (MAMATA) on the prevalent MCH care practices in rural areas of Ganjam district, Orissa: a descriptive study
Authors: Ali Syed Irfan , Begum Jarina , Panda Manasee
Published: July 2018

Background: RMNCH services are provided in an integrated manner to it’s beneficiaries under the premise of Primary Health Care. The utilization rates for such services have remained abysmally low and stagnated over the years. The problem lies in failure to generate a demand for such services among it’s beneficiaries. MAMATA a conditional cash transfer scheme implemented in Odisha, aims to bring around radical changes by addressing the issue of demand generation. The objectives of the study were to assess the implementation of MAMATA scheme services in the study area and to assess the impact made by the scheme in their life.Methods: The study was conducted on 200 women, who were randomly selected from the 903 pregnant women registered under Mamata Scheme from a randomly selected block of Odisha. They were then followed up for a period of 15 months.Results: Implementation of the scheme in the district was smooth, the instalments were paid regularly in most of the cases without any delay. Impact of the scheme- 98% got adequate rest during pregnancy, because of the scheme. 95% utilized the money for purchasing nutritious food and procuring medicines. The scheme has also helped develop a health seeking attitude in most of the beneficiaries (85%). 97% felt a sense of empowerment and independence compared to the past.Conclusions: The benefits of MAMATA scheme percolated beyond the boundaries of demand generation. It also brought about a sense of empowerment and independence among it’s beneficiaries.
Prevalence of malnutrition and its determinants in an elderly people in South India
Authors: Konda Satyanarayana , B. P. Ravi Kumar , Giri Purushottam A
Published: July 2018

Background: The population of elderly people aged ≥60 years is increasing worldwide and is projected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050. In India, the elderly people constitute 8.1% of the total population. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in the elderly population due to various diseases and impairments.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 209 elderly people from February 2018 to April 2018. A questionnaire was used to collect data related to socio-demographic characteristics, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and regarding medication use, comorbidity, use of a walking aid, smoking and alcohol consumption. The MNA tool was used for the assessment of nutrition status. For an assessment of functional status, the activities of daily living scale and instrumental activities of daily living scale were used. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used to present the data.Results: The average MNA score was 23.5 (SD=4.3, range: 7-30) and that of BMI was 23.8 (SD=3.9, range: 15.6-38.9). Of 209 study participants, 9.1% were malnourished, 32.5% were at risk of malnutrition and remaining 58.4% were having normal nutritional status. The possible predictors of malnutrition were older age, lower education level, staying single, unemployed, low income and less than three meals daily.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 9.1% but the proportion of elderly people at risk of malnutrition was relatively high. Diagnosis and treatment of elderly people at high risk for malnutrition based on the findings of this study may improve functional status and prognosis of elderly people.
Profile of Indians died abroad: analysis of secondary data of human remains arrived at point of entry in Mumbai
Authors: Gaikwad Pragati B. , Khandare Kanchan P. , Dan Amitabha , Jalaluddeen Mohammed , Pasi Achhelal R. , Singh Sujeet Kumar
Published: July 2018

Background: According to Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) – India, in 2015 a total of 8315 people of Indian origin died abroad and more than 65% were from United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia. Present study was conducted to study the demographic profile and cause of death in case of persons died abroad.Methods: Present descriptive study was conducted in APHO, Mumbai and it was a secondary data analysis. All records during 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016, available in the office of APHO Mumbai related to clearance of dead body were reviewed. Data analysis was done in line with objectives by using Microsoft Excel. Qualitative data was presented by using number and percentages while quantitative data was presented by using mean and standard deviation.Results: During the reporting period 534 dead bodies arrived at CSMI Airport. Average age of the person died abroad was 48.4 years and more than 85% were males. In more than 65% of cases the reported cause of death was heart related including cardiac arrest and road traffic accidents. More than 50% of dead bodies were from gulf countries.Conclusions: Death was reported in a significant number of Indians travelling abroad and most of them were relatively young. Heart diseases including cardiac arrest and road traffic accidents were the commonest reported cause of death. A targeted health communication strategies for modification of life style and behavior change is recommended for persons travelling abroad.
A cross sectional study on adequacy of blood transfusion and transfusion related infections in thalassemic patients attending a medical college hospital, West Bengal
Authors: Sarkar Tarun Kumar , Jana Pulak Kumar , M. Jasmine , Das Timiresh Kumar , Adhikary Mrinmoy , Chellaiyan Vinoth Gnana , Agarwal Harsh , Taneja Neha
Published: July 2018

Background: Thalassemia is more prevalent in India. The main treatment of Thalassemia is blood transfusion. But the transfusion of blood has many side effects like iron overload, transfusion related infections etc. The objectives of the study were to assess the adequacy of blood transfusion for thalassemic patients and to determine the magnitude of transfusion transmitted infections among those patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal for 1 month with the sample size of 116. The blood samples from the patients were taken from the patients attending for blood transfusion in transfusion centre of Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital for two weeks dated from 24.04.2017 to 05.05.2017 to check for the hemoglobin, ferritin level and hepatitis B, C and HIV infection.Results: Among the 116 patients, even after transfusion, 94% of the study participants have their hemoglobin levels below 7 gm/dl. Only 2 individuals got their hemoglobin levels more than 9 gm/dl and only 1 patient got HIV infection post transfusion which accounts for 0.9% of study population.Conclusions: Frequent Hb estimation will help to maintain the adequacy of blood transfusion and proper screening of the blood before transfusion can help in reducing these transfusion transmitted infections.
Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning hepatitis B infection, among medical students in urban area of Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Jayakiruthiga S. , Rajkamal R. , Gopalakrishnan S. , Umadevi R
Published: July 2018

Background: Hepatitis B is a serious, global, public health problem nearly two billion people in the world have been infected with HBV. Medical students represent a population that is at high‑risk group for acquiring and spreading hepatitis B infection (HBV). Despite increasing prevalence of HBV, there is paucity of information on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) HBV among medical students. Objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices of hepatitis B infection among medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2017 to August 2017 on medical students at Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data from 200 undergraduate medical students.Results: In the present study 82.5% of medical students had correct knowledge that vaccine is available for hepatitis B .Regarding spread of Hepatitis B, 92.5% said that hepatitis B spreads by blood, 91.0% said that is spread by sexual contact, 97% revealed that vaccination can prevent the hepatitis B infection. With respect to the risk factors 95.5% said that shared needle is a risk factor for hepatitis B, Regarding the vaccination status of the students for hepatitis B only 32% are fully vaccinated, 30% are partially vaccinated and 38% are unvaccinated.Conclusions: This study showed that the knowledge and attitude of medical students are good, but practice was not sufficient only 32% of the medical students are fully vaccinated for Hepatitis B.
TOTAL DİZ REPLASMANI UYGULANAN STERİL HAZIR TURNİKE İLE PNÖMOTİK TURNİKENİN AMELİYAT SONRASI DÖNEMDE DERİN VENTROMBOZU OLUŞUMU YÖNÜNDEN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Mutlu Tansel , Daşar Uygar
Published: July 2018

ÖZ
AMAÇ: Total diz replasmanında kullanılan steril elastik
hazır turnike ile pnömotik turnikenin ameliyat sonrası
dönemde gelişebilen derin ven trombozu oluşumuna etkisini
incelemek ve sonuçlarını bildirmek.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: 2005-2012 yılları arasında total diz
replasmanında (TDR) uygulanan 754 hasta çalışmaya
alındı. Hasta sayısı, cinsiyet ve ağırlıkları göz önünde
bulundurularak 2 ayrı grup oluşturuldu. 1. gruptaki 377
vakaya pnömotik turnike, 2. gruba aynı sayıda hazır steril
turnike kullanıldı. Her iki grup pıhtılaşmayı etkileyen
biyokimyasal değerler yönünden incelendi. Pıhtılaşmaya
etkileyen ilaç kullanımı, faktör eksikliği, geçirilmiş derin
ven trombozu veya riskine sahip hastalar çalışmaya
alınmadı. Tüm hastalara aynı cerrahi grup tarafından
operasyon gerçekleştirilmiş olup ortalama operasyon
süresi 60,2±4,12 (45-100) dakika olarak tespit edildi. Tüm
hastalar ortalama19,5±2,18 (10-28) saat sonra mobilize
edildi, motor blok bitiminde ayak fleksiyon-ekstansiyon
hareketleri uygulatıldı. Hastalar ortalama 5,14±0,92 (3-
9) gün hospitalize edildi. Taburcu sonrası 1-4. haftalarda
kontrole çağrıldı. Bu süre zarfında hastalar derin ven
trombozu açısından klinik ve ultrasonografik olarak alt
ekstremite venöz doppler tetkiki uygulandı. Derin ven
trombozu (DVT) pozitif olan hastalara Kardiyovasküler
cerrahi tarafından tedavi başlandı.
BULGULAR: İncelenen 754 hasta içinde 165’ inde (%21.8)
DVT tespit edildi. Bunlardan 1. grupta 124 (%32.8) 2.
grupta ise 41(%10.8) di. Pulmoner emboli 21 (%2.7)
hastada teşhis edilirken 1. grupta 19 (%5) 2. grupta
ise sadece 2 (%0.5) hastada saptandı. İki grup DVT ve
pulmoner emboli gelişimi açısından anlamlı bulundu.
(p<0.05). Her iki grupta incelenen demografik özellikler
benzerdi.
SONUÇ: Pnömotik turnike uygulanması esnasında alt
extremitede yaklaşık 30-40 cm lik bir segmentte sirküler
kompresif güçlere bağlı spazm oluşmaktadır, buna
karşılık hazır steril turnikede bu genişlik yaklaşık 2 cm
dir. Etki altında kalan segment uzunluğu arttıkça damar
intimasında olası hasarlanma nedeniyle venöz tromboz
riskinin artabildiği görülmektedir. Hazır steril turnikelerin
DVT açısından daha az riskli olduğu görülmektedir.
SAFRA KESESİNİN PÜR MÜSİNÖZ ADENOKARSİNOMU: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Koşar Mehmet Nuri , Öngen Nuray Ayper , Habibi Mani , Güleç Faruk , Öner Osman Zekai
Published: July 2018

ÖZ
Safra kesesi tümörlerinin de %90’ını adenokarsinomlar
oluşturur ve bunların da çoğunluğu iyi
veya orta derecede differansiye tümörlerdir. Pür
müsinöz adenokarsinomlar ise oldukça nadir
görülmekte olup literatürde oldukça sınırlı sayıda
olgu sunumu bildirilmiştir. Bu yazımızda, ileri
yaşta akut kolesistit kliniği ve sağ alt kadranda
ele gelen kitle bulgusuyla takibe alınan ancak
takiplerinde kliniğin ilerlemesi üzerine acil operasyona
alınarak kolesistektomi ve periportal
lenf nodu örneklemesi yapılan patolojik değerlendirmesinde
pür müsinöz adenokarsinom tanısı
olan bir olguyu sunmayı amaçladık.
ONTOLOGY MAPPING USING THE METHOD OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Semenova A. , Kureichik V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2018

The paper is devoted to the integration of data from distributed heterogeneous information sources on the basis of ontology. The method of semantic similarity calculation between concepts allows to evaluate similarity between concepts. A technique for semantic similarity estimation between concepts of two ontologies is proposed. The main feature is the automatic calculation of weights using particle swarm optimization method. With the proposed approach, vectors of weights are generated. They correspond to different coefficients of semantic similarity. Then, using the obtained weights, the combination of different coefficients of semantic similarity is performed. Each concept from an ontology is attributed wit a set of relevant semantic concepts from another ontology. This allows to obtain sets of optimal and quasi-optimal solutions.
Neo-con Yaklaşımın George W. Bush Dönemindeki Etkisi ve Donald J. Trump Dönemi Olası Beklentiler
Authors: Gürel Onur
Published: July 2018

Uluslararası ilişkiler açısından Soğuk Savaş
ertesi dönemin dönüm noktası olarak tanımlanan, 11 Eylül saldırıları sonrası,
yönetim kademesinde üst düzey mevkilerde bulunan Neo-conlar, realizm ve
idealizm teorilerinin sentezinden oluşan perspektifleri çerçevesinde
oluşturdukları geleneksel realist bakış açısının önüne geçen politikalarını
George W. Bush döneminde uygulamaya sokarak belirleyici etkiye sahip
olmuşlardır.

Çalışma, geleneksel olarak ABD dış politikasının
şekillenmesinde öncü teoriler realizm ve idealizm ile George W. Bush dönemi dış
politikasında önemli rol oynayan Neo-con yaklaşımın değerlendirilmesini ve 8
Kasım 2016 tarihinde ABD’de yapılan başkanlık seçimi sonucunda zafere ulaşan
Donald J. Trump döneminde gerçekleşebilecek olasılıkların analizini
hedeflemiştir.
Resenha crítica-análise de textos:fundamentos e práticas
Authors: Da Silva José Kleibson
Published: July 2018

O trabalho faz uma análise sobre a obra Análise de textos: fundamentos e práticas da autoria de Irandê Antunes publicada pela Editora Parábola no ano de 2010.
A indeterminação do sujeito na Bahia, nos séculos XIX e XX: questões que envolvem uma análise variacionista no nível morfossintático
Authors: Dias Valter de Carvalho
Published: July 2018

Esta pesquisa investigou as principais estratégias para marcar a indeterminação do sujeito em textos escritos na Bahia (Cartas de Leitores, Cartas de Redatores e Peças Teatrais), nos séculos XIX e XX, à luz do Sociofuncionalismo, no qual se tem o enquadramento teórico-metodológico da Sociolinguística Variacionista e a compreensão dos usos linguísticos na perspectiva do Funcionalismo. Levou-se em consideração também os questionamentos de Lavandera (1978) no que diz respeito às implicações de uma análise da variação linguística no nível morfossintático.
Os topônimos comerciais da cidade de Naranjal, Paraguai
Authors: Sipavicius Seide Marcia , Lucas Patrícia
Published: July 2018

O estudo da toponímia revela aspectos da cultura e da identidade de uma comunidade, o que permite relacionar a Toponímia à Sociolinguística, ramo da Linguística que estuda as relações entre a língua e a sociedade. A partir desses pressupostos, o presente artigo apresenta uma análise dos topônimos comerciais (nomes de estabelecimentos), da cidade de Naranjal, localizada no Paraguai e colonizada por brasileiros. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dos topônimos presta homenagem aos proprietários dos estabelecimentos, são híbridos e remetem ou à língua ou à origem dos colonizadores.
Inventário dos correlatores disjuntivos do português do Brasil
Authors: Rosário Ivo Costa , Acosta Jovana Maurício
Published: July 2018

Este artigo apresenta um inventário dos correlatores disjuntivos da língua portuguesa do Brasil e seus contextos de uso. Alguns dos correlatores aqui apresentados não são contemplados pelas principais gramáticas do português, apesar de apresentarem produtividade. Os pressupostos teóricos da pesquisa estão calcados na Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso. O corpus utilizado é composto por textos retirados de versões eletrônicas da Revista Veja on-line, disponíveis em http://www.veja.abril.com.br. A pesquisa demonstra que os correlatores disjuntivos em uso no português atual são os seguintes: ou...ou, seja...seja,...ora...ora, quer...quer, e nem...nem, seja...ou, quer...ou, e nem...ou.
Apresentação
Authors: Cavaliere Ricardo
Published: July 2018

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Perspectivas da análise do (in)visível: a arquitetura discursiva do não verbal
Authors: Souza Tania Conceição Clemente de
Published: July 2018

Há algum tempo, a análise do não verbal vem despertando nosso interesse, no sentido de se pensar alguns aspectos que são instituídos na e pela discursividade:  a materialidade discursiva do não verbal e sua arquitetura e como se textualiza o político em termos não verbais. Estes aspectos perduram no trabalho em pauta, quando colocamos em discussão três conceitos – punctum (BARTHES, 1980), intericonicidade (COURTINE, 2013) e policromia (Souza, 1997 e 2001) -, sublinhando o alcance de cada um desses conceitos na análise da textualidade do não verbal. E investindo na interface destes três conceitos. Calcados em pressupostos da Análise de Discurso, investimos na análise de quatro fotos veiculadas na mídia online, sobre a cobertura do embate da polícia com índios em abril de 2017.
Espaços de solidão, estados de liminaridade: cidade e as ressonâncias da modernidade em A Cidade Onde Envelheço e O Homem das Multidões
Authors: Costa Wendell Marcel Alves da
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho tem como proposta analisar o cinema como reconhecimento dos mundos sociais que coexistem na representação fílmica das relações afetivas na cidade de Belo Horizonte – MG. Entende-se aqui que o cinema fornece um acervo de imagens que ilustram situações sociais que podem ser consideradas como ressonâncias da modernidade. Para efeito de análise empírica, privilegiaremos a apreciação dos longas-metragens O Homem das Multidões (Marcelo Gomes e Cao Guimarães, 2013) e A Cidade Onde Envelheço (Marília Rocha, 2016), e discutir quais os elementos que estão presentes nas narrativas desses filmes para a compreensão das questões sobre solidão, afetividades, memórias e identidadesencenadas na cidade, sob a ótica dos estudos sobre a modernidade.Diante desse contexto, conduzimos o debate a partir das reflexões sobre os aspectos do cinema como um objeto referente da prática social, e da cidade como um lugar da intensificação das matrizes fundamentais da modernidade. Logo, o potencial do cinema em representar determinadas realidades sociais também contribui para dimensionar as questões postas neste trabalho sobre o viver no urbano, quando oportuniza reconhecer os mundos sociais através do dispositivo imagético que congrega elementos filosóficos das ressonâncias da modernidade.
O tríplex: a imagem como operadora de memória discursiva em charges
Authors: Cavalcanti Cristiane Renata da Silva , Azevedo Nadia Pereira Gonçalves de
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho analisará, no discurso da charge, o papel da memória discursiva, enquanto efeito de sentido. Tem como ponto de partida a noção de memória discursiva, conforme os pilares da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa, (AD), fundada por Michel Pêcheux. Propomos a ideia de que a imagem é uma operadora, arte da memória social. Tal afirmação partiu da hipótese de que, em charges, há um relacionamento inerente entre a imagem e a memória, ou seja, há uma relação de sentido, através da memória social presente no interdiscurso. Para tanto, tomamos como objeto de análise três charges, veiculadas em jornais impresso e online. O trabalho pressupõe a perene incompletude dos fatos da linguagem, compreendendo que o dizer é sempre ponto de deriva para outros sentidos.
Participação, arte e vivências num território cultural
Authors: Dobry Sylvia Adriana , Boucinhas Caio , Pessoa Denise Falcão
Published: July 2018

A experiênciaentredocentes da “Escola Esmeralda Becker” na Aldeia de Carapicuíba, eestudantes de pós-graduação da FAU- USP em 1997, cujos objetivos foram: atingir um estudo do meio interdisciplinar, com a arte como eixo principal; reconhecer o local, moradores, cotidiano, seus sonhos;preservar recursos naturais, história,cultura, e também desenvolver um projeto participativo urbano-paisagístico. O entrelaçamento dos processos criativos e seu rebatimento na produção artística individual colaboraram para a reflexão sobreapropriação eidentidade. Expandiram- se horizontes de esperança na preservação histórica e ambiental e aimplantação do projeto – hoje com o nome de Parque Ecológico da Aldeia de Carapicuíba – pela Prefeitura, só foi possível pela participação da comunidade.
Apresentação
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: July 2018

A Revista Rua, em seu número 24, tem muito a comemorar. Completam-se 10 anos do lançamento eletrônico da Revista que passou, com sua edição de junho de 2008, a ser semestral e a aceitar originais em espanhol, como uma importante política linguística que reflita o lugar do conhecimento na América Latina. Essa mudança para o espaço eletrônico garantiu também a possibilidade de a revista circular gratuitamente, além de um aumento significativo de contribuições advindas de áreas bem diversas. Aos poucos, fomos também abrindo a submissão de originais a outras línguas, sendo possível, no presente momento, submissões em português, espanhol, francês, italiano e inglês. Ao comemorar seus 20 anos de existência, em 2014, Rua lançou um número especial com um design completamente renovado, em novembro daquele ano, dentro da programação do evento que tematizou seus 20 anos de publicação.
Significance of the epidermal barrier and sensitisation to household allergens to the development of atopic march for primary prevention
Authors: Varlamov E. E. , Pampura A. N. , Asmanov A. N.
Published: July 2018

Atopic march is a variant flowing of atopia that begins in early childhood as atopic dermatitis, then developinto other allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis) at an older age. The state of the epidermal barrier and sensitization to inhaled allergens are considered as predictors for the development of atopic march. Data on the importance of these factors in the development of atopic march and information about possible approaches to prevention are presented in this article.
The role and place of bioimpedance analysis assessment of body composition of children and adolescents with different body mass
Authors: Girsh Ya. V. , Gerasimchik O. A.
Published: July 2018

The steady rise of obesity in children and adolescents emphasizes the need for new, integrated approaches to its diagnosis and therapy. When diagnosing obesity and choosing methods for its correction, it is fundamentally important to use reliable methods of estimating the amount of adipose tissue. Using the body mass index is not always sufficient, since it does not provide complete information on quantitative content in the body weight of the patient’s body. For these purposes in clinical medicine use of bioimpedance analysis to assess the indicators, which characterize the basal metabolism, active cell mass, fat and basirova mass and total water content in the body. However, the holding of bioimpedance body composition analysis is currently limited mainly to dietetics and sports medicine, and adult patients. Quite interesting is the use of the bioimpedance method in the pediatric age group for accurate evaluation of body composition of children of various ages and body weight that will allow for dynamic control of all types of metabolism to evaluate the effectiveness of the observation and treatment of patients with overweight and obesity.
Treatment of adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance
Authors: Bogatyreva E. M. , Novik G. A.
Published: July 2018

Aim. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common cause of infertility. In addition, polycystic ovary syndrome is often associated with metabolic complications. In most women hyperandrogenic manifestations occur during puberty. Early detection of polycystic ovary syndrome and associated metabolic problems can solve the problem of puberty and prevent infertility, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus type 2 in women of reproductive age. One of the objectives of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the simultaneous use of a combined oral preparation (ethinyl estradiol + drospirenone) and metformin in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Materials and methods. 113 adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism from 14 to 19 years were included. 32 of these girls aged 14–18 years with polycystic ovary syndrome were treated with medication ethinyl estradiol + drospirenone. Of these 32 patients, 20 girls with insulin resistance were obtained simultaneously with metformin. The following methods were used: examination, evaluation of hair (Ferriman-Gallwey score), pelviс ultrasound, determination of hormone status (LH, FSH, PRL, 17-OHP, E2 , TSH, DHEA-s, SHBG, T), glucose, insulin, and glucose tolerance test. The diagnostic technique used the Sultan C. criteria of polycystic ovary syndrome (2004).

Results.A reduction in the frequency characteristics after treatment was shown: of laboratory hyperandrogenism 90.6% , dermopathy 65.6% , insulin resistance 43.8%, hyperinsulinemia 18.8%, ultrasonic signs of PCOS 34.4%.

Conclusions. The study results confirm the efficacy of the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance during puberty by Low-dose combined oral preparation (0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone) in combination with metformin.
Hen’s egg allergy: an update
Authors: Fedotova M. M. , Fedorova O. S. , Konovalova U. V. , Kamaltynova E. M. , Nagaeva T. A. , Ogorodova L. M.
Published: July 2018

Hen’s egg allergy is one of the most common problems in pediatrics. This pathology is associated with severe clinical manifestations, often with a risk of anaphylactic reactions. This review presents current data on the epidemiology and clinical presentation, as well as aspects of the natural history and management of hen’s egg allergy. The paper will provide data on allergenic proteins of hen’s egg, including data on structure, physicochemical properties, IgE-binding capacity, and cross-reactivity. Finally, practical information about egg allergy and immunization will be presented.
Comparative analysis of eating behavior of children of different age groups
Authors: Girsh Ya. V. , Yuditskaya T. A.
Published: July 2018

The phenomenon of eating behavior in the development of obesity in the pediatric age group remains poorly understood.

The purpose of the study. To determine the peculiarities of eating behavior of children of various age groups depending on body mass.

Material and methods. A comparative prospective study of 905 children: 342 children 1–7 years (4.7 ± 1.29), 249 children aged 8–12 (11.08 ± 0.81) and 314 adolescents 13–18 (14.25 ± 1,34). A physical survey was conducted according to standard methods with calculation of body mass index. For the study of eating behavior of preschool children, a survey of the parents was conducted using the scales of CEBQ (Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire; J. Wardle, 2001; by the license author), an assessment of eating behavior of children 8–12 years was conducted through the analysis of the questionnaire FEV - II, and an assessment of adolescents was done with the use of the Dutch questionnaire DEBQ (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). Statistical analysis: STATISTICA (version 8), Microsoft Excel 7,0.

Results. Assessment of the frequency of occurrence of eating disorders in children and adolescents showed that regardless of age and body mass, all the children had eating disorders. The development of pathological disorders begins at 5-years of age and acquires a clear shape at 7 years. All children with normal body weight was dominated by external type of eating behavior, in subgroups of patients with overweight / obesity was the prevalent restrictive type. In patients with obesity, a third had combined forms of food behavior with the prevalence of the combination in children 8–12 years of restrictive and external types, in children 13–18 years of restrictive and emotional types. The frequency of occurrence of these combinations was increased together with the increase in children of body weight.
Risk factors associated with the development of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Kalaeva G. Yu. , Khokhlova O. I. , Deev I. A. , Мikheenko G. A.
Published: July 2018

Development of the undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) is influenced by various adverse factors to the fetus during intrauterine growth. There is not a clear linkage to the contribution of the separate factors to the development of the UCTD.

Aims of the studyare to determine the risk factors associated with the development of the UCTD of the adolescents and to appreciate the predictive value of the examined factors related to UCTD to form the dispensary groups of the children with UCTD.

Materials and methods. During the first stage of the study there was an examination of 110 adolescents at the age of 10–14 years old, the UCTD presence was established according to the scale proposed by T.I. Kadurina and V.N. Gorbunova (2009). During the second stage the data of the prenatal casework and maternity hospital records attached to the out-patient medical records were examined to detect the specialties of the antenatal life course. During the third stage 2 groups were formed: with the presence of UCTD (n = 81) and without UCTD (n = 29). The mother groups were formed accordingly with the adolescents groups.

Results. The pregnancy of the mothers of the adolescents with UCTD proceeded against the anemia, threatening miscarriage, chronic fetal hypoxia, chronic fetoplacental insufficiency, toxicosis, gestosis, and concomitant chronic conditions (thyroid, kidneys, digestive apparatus, aspiration pathology) more common than the pregnancy of the mothers of the adolescents without UCTD. The binary logistic regression method allowed the predictors of the UCTD’s formation to be determined, there were: toxicosis during the gestation course (OR = 10.9; CI 95% 2.94–40.49), anemia of pregnancy (OR = 8.6; CI 95%: 2.42–30.81), gestosis (OR = 6.53; CI 95%: 1.27–33.71), chronic fetal hypoxia (OR = 4.4; CI 95%: 1.09–17.83) and pre-existing chronic conditions of the mothers (OR = 3.6; CI 95%: 0.86–15.48). Different factor combination enhances the likelihood of the delivery of a child with UCTD more than 6.5-fold: chronic conditions of the mothers and chronic fetal hypoxia (OR = 6.8; CI 95%: 1.95–48.57); anemia of pregnancy and chronic fetal hypoxia (OR = 7.2; CI 95%: 1.01–50.99), and toxicosis (OR = 10.4; CI 95%: 1.48–72.82).

Conclusion. The risk factors associated to the development of UCTD in adolescents are: toxicosis during the gestation course, anemia of pregnancy, gestosis, chronic fetal hypoxia and pre-existing chronic conditions of the mothers. The use of the equation of the binary logistic regression allows the prediction of the possibility of the development of UCTD in adolescents at the level of 80.9% and to form the dispensary groups of children in order to prevent the development of dysplastic-dependent pathology
Evaluation of the influence of clinical risk factors on the performance of extracorporal fertilization programs
Authors: Likhacheva V. V. , Markdorf A. G. , Bazhenova L. G. , Vlasenko A. E. , Shramko S. V.
Published: July 2018

Purpose of the study. To assess the influence of main clinical risk factors on the effectiveness of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.

Materials and methods. The study included 3,969 IVF programs conducted in the “Medica” clinic of the “Mother and Child” group of companies in Novokuznetsk for 2010–2015. The inclusion criterion was the availability of information on the results of the procedure conducted.

Results.The structure of the considered risk factors was identified, their key features were identified: the majority of women who underwent IVF procedure were under the age of 34, inclusive, more than half of all procedures were performed at the first attempt. The main causes of female infertility were: tubal factor, including those associated with chronic endometritis, polycystic ovary syndrome, external genital endometriosis and adenomyosis. In a number of cases, as a concomitant gynecological disease, uterine fibroids have been extirpated, which is not the main cause of infertility, but the presence of which can influence the effectiveness of IVF programs. Statistically significantly more often, fibroids were found in adenomyosis and tubal factors associated with chronic endometritis. A quantitative assessment of the degree of influence of the considered risk factors on the effectiveness of IVF programs was considered, and the influence of both individual factors and their combination was considered.

Conclusion.The main factors statistically significantly increasing the risk of a negative outcome of the program are: the age of a woman over 30; repeated attempt at the age of up to 30 years inclusive (in comparison with the first attempt); tubular factor associated with chronic endometritis; presence of uterine fibroids in the tubular factor associated with chronic endometritis; The presence of fibroids in the tubular factor, complicated by adenomyosis.
Influence of L-tryptophan use on the dynamics of cognitive functions in the complex therapy of delayed psycho-speech development in children
Authors: Polyakov V. M. , Rychkova L. V. , Belogorova T. A. , Mikhnovich V. I. , Bugun O. V. , Berdina O. N. , Prokhorova Zh. V. , Teterina T. A. , Lebedeva L. N. , Lebedeva L. I.
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this studyis to evaluate the ability of L-tryptophan used in complex therapy of delayed psycho-speech development in children to influence the dynamics of cognitive performance.

Materials and methods. The study included 80 children aged 3–7 years with delayed psycho-speech development (DPSD). The main group consisted of 37 children (25 male and 12 female), a control group – 43 patients (30 male and 13 female). Both groups of children were comparable in age, sex, degree of speech and cognitive impairment, and IQ level. Patients in the main group have taken standard therapy with L-tryptophan (25–50 mg per day depending on the age) supplement for 14 days. Control patients have taken standard therapy only. Psychodiagnostic tests at the entrance and exit of patients from this study was carried out for evaluation the dynamics of cognitive functions. All differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.

Results. The study suggests that oral L-tryptophan intake selectively affects the dynamics of cognitive performance in children with DPSD. So, we studied pre- and post-treatment cognitive performance in both group patients and noted a significant improvement in the visual memory (p < 0.001) and an increase in thinking productivity (p < 0.001) in the tryptophan group versus similar indicators in the control group. Intergroup differences (p < 0.001 and p = 0.026, respectively, for the main and control groups) also found.

Conclusion. Two-week L-tryptophan intake in complex therapy of DPSD in children can significantly improve the cognitive activity, and greatly increase both the effectiveness and sustainability of treatment outcomes, which will significantly reduce the time and frequency of hospitalization and financial costs for the rehabilitation of this patients.