bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in the Fashion and Apparel Industry
Authors: Singh Sukhvir
Published: July 2024

In recent times, there has been significant interest in incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in the fashion and apparel industry, as it has the ability to bring about significant transformations across different aspects of the sector. This comprehensive review offers a systematic examination of current AI applications in fashion, and discusses implications and future opportunities. The study investigates AI uses in the sector, with a focus on virtual try-on technology, personalized recommendations, AI-driven design and supply chain optimization. This analysis explores the benefits and constraints of these applications, and is supported by real-world case studies showcasing successful deployments. The review examines how AI influences consumer insights and market trends, and highlights the effectiveness of sentiment analysis and social media monitoring as tools for understanding consumer preferences and the shaping of brand perception. It also emphasizes AI's role in analysing market trends, enabling the identification of emerging fashion trends through AI-driven market research tools. This study provides a glimpse into future possibilities and advancements AI can introduce to fashion, including potential integration with augmented reality (AR), innovative applications in fashion shows and events, and the potential to revolutionize traditional business models. This review consolidates primary findings on the introduction of AI in the fashion and apparel sector, and emphasizes AI's potential to enhance consumer experiences, sustainability practices and market efficiency.
The eternity of change: adaptation and legal-institutional reform in situations of redefinition of the State in Spain (1476-1917)
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Manuela
Published: July 2024

This book is a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of laws and institutions in Spain from the reign of the Catholic Monarchs to the dawn of the twentieth century, delving into the rich history of a country that has undergone major transformations over the centuries. The first chapters focus on the transition from medieval to modern times, a period marked by the reign of the Catholic Monarchs. The War of the Castilian Succession, the peace treaties with Portugal and the incorporation of the Kingdom of Granada are examined in depth. This analysis is not limited to historical facts, but also addresses the military, administrative and cultural consequences of these events. An intermediate chapter deals with dynastic changes and the religious paradigm in the 18th century. The last part deals with the 19th and early 20th centuries. It describes the process of the restoration of the Ancien Régime and the very important consequences this had in terms of the preservation of public order. Then, from a liberal perspective, the integration of revolutionary myths into the institutions of the time is exemplified. This part culminates with a detailed study of the liberal revolts and late absolutism, providing a unique insight into this tumultuous period of Spanish history. It closes with an analysis of the crisis of the turnist system of the Restoration, the effects of the First World War in Spain and the phenomenon of military juntism, which provides a valuable insight into the challenges and changes that Spain faced during this period. Manuela Fernández Rodríguez is a tenured lecturer at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos in the area of History of Law and Institutions. Among the lines of research she has worked on throughout her academic career are those related to security, public order and the enjoyment of rights and freedoms in contemporary times. Most of her publications focus on the Spanish field, although she is also well versed in the institutional framework of the European Union and gamification, as co-director of the Master’s Degree on Gamification, Game-based Learning and Serious Games at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos.
Bridging the divide: addressing discrepancies between clinical guidelines, policy guidelines, and biomarker utilization
Authors: Horgan Denis , Hofman Paul , Buttner Reinhard , Rieß Olaf , Lugowska Iwona , Dube France , Singh Jaya , Nadal Ernest , Stokłosa Tomasz , Sīviņa Elīna , Van der Buckle Marc , Mosoiu Silvia , Bertolaccini Luca , Girard Nicolas , Meerbeeck Jan Van , Omar Imran , Capoluongo Ettore D. , Bielack Stefan , Hills Tanya , Baldwin David , Subbiah Vivek
Published: July 2024

Objectives

This paper aims to identify and address gaps in cancer treatment and diagnosis within European health services, focusing specifically on discrepancies between clinical guidelines and policy guidelines. It seeks to highlight how the underutilization of advanced diagnostic techniques recommended by medical societies contributes to missed opportunities for improving patient outcomes.

Methods

A comprehensive analysis was conducted across multiple European countries to assess the compliance and integration of clinical guidelines with the availability of advanced diagnostic technologies. Secondary data related to clinical and policy guidelines in cancer care were collected and analyzed. Key indicators of adoption and utilization of next-generation sequencing and liquid biopsy were examined to evaluate their impact on health service efficiency and patient care.

Results

The analysis revealed significant discrepancies between the recommendations of medical societies regarding advanced diagnostic techniques and their adoption in health policy decisions across Europe. Country-specific assessments indicated varying levels of alignment between clinical guidelines and the availability of advanced diagnostics. These findings underscored missed opportunities for optimizing patient care and health service efficiency through better alignment and integration of clinical guidelines with policy decisions.

Conclusions

This study concludes that there is a critical need for health policy decision-makers to prioritize the adoption of clinical guidelines in resource allocation and health service organization. Greater attention to the recommendations of medical societies regarding advanced diagnostic techniques could significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and overall patient outcomes in cancer care. The paper advocates for policy reforms that acknowledge and leverage the potential benefits of advanced diagnostics in improving health service performance and patient-centered care across Europe.
Why Did Plato not Write the ‘Unwritten Doctrine’? Some Preliminary Remarks
Authors: Ferber Rafael
Published: July 2024

This article asks the question “Why did Plato not write the ‘unwritten doctrine’?” and answers it by citing a combination of two obstacles. The first derives from the limitations of the episteme available to an embodied soul about the essence of the good. Even if the dialectician has access to some kind of knowledge, the mismatch between the unchanging essence of the good and the precarious logoi which aim to identify it (and allow others some measure of access to it) can never fully be overcome. At best, Socrates (or Plato) can lead souls to an incomplete account of it: It is possible that even the most expert dialectician can only have a claim to knowledge, but no absolute certainty. Another obstacle lies in the audience or readership itself: No shortcut to understanding is possible, and yet a mere written presentation, which is all they have, is just such a shortcut, and so represents an empty promise. In memory of Charles H. Kahn (1928–2023), a letter of his from September 5, 1989, concerning the question “Why did Plato not write the ‘unwritten doctrine’?” is published, along with some comments.
Nachweis der Varietätenkette anhand historischer Patientenbriefe
Authors: Schiegg Markus
Published: July 2024

Die Varietätenkette bildet ein zentrales Konzept der Varietätenlinguistik und modelliert gerichtete Affinitäten zwischen den drei Varietätendimensionen der Diatopik, Diastratik und Diaphasik. Diese weisen jeweils eine interne Skalierung auf, deren Abstufungen in gerichteter Beziehung zueinander stehen und dabei auch am konzeptionellen Kontinuum der Nähe- und Distanzsprachlichkeit ‚hängen‘ (vgl. Koch & Oesterreicher 1994: 595). Die Varietätenkette wurde weitgehend intuitiv postuliert, allerdings nie an einem größeren Sprachkorpus empirisch überprüft. Dieser Beitrag belegt an einem Korpus von 191 süddeutschen Briefen des 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts, geschrieben von Patientinnen und Patienten der psychiatrischen Anstalt Kaufbeuren-Irsee, die klaren Zusammenhänge zwischen den Varietätendimensionen sowie Nähe- und Distanzsprachlichkeit.
Simulative analysis of carrier suppressed return to zero based symmetrical compensated optical link
Authors: Singh Manjit , Sarangal Himali , Singh Butta , Kour Satveer , Kaur Pawandeep
Published: July 2024

Optical communication systems provide high data rates to fulfil users’ demands. In addition, the modulation format is essential to the system’s transmission quality and spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the effects of chromatic dispersion, which impair the performance and quality of transmitted signals, are mitigated using dispersion compensation techniques. In optical communication systems, dispersion compensation techniques are essential for preserving signal quality, increasing transmission distances, improving system performance, and offering network designers flexibility. These methods seek to improve signal quality and enable transmission at longer distances by reducing or eliminating the distortion brought on by dispersion. This paper uses a symmetrical compensation technique to analyze the performance of the CSRZ modulation format-based optical communication system. The research is conducted within a communication range of 150–350 km. The system is evaluated in terms of input power, filter order, and filter depth. The results indicate that the proposed system performed better at an input power of 4 dBm using a third-order filter and 60 dB filter depth.
Evaluating the effectiveness of various diversity and combining techniques on an RF-FSO link
Authors: Joshi Hardik , Gupta Shilpi
Published: July 2024

Diversity and combining is one of the robust techniques to mitigate multi-path fading in RF links and turbulence-induced scintillation in FSO links. This article evaluates the effect of different diversity and combining techniques on outage and BER performance of decode and forward RF-FSO link. We have utilized diversity and combining techniques over source to relay RF link and/or relay to destination FSO link. The selection combining, transmit antenna selection, maximal ratio combining, and maximum ratio transmission schemes are considered. The Monte-Carlo simulation results of outage probability and bit error rate are compared by considering different parameters affecting link quality like the strength of atmospheric turbulence, pointing error, FSO link detection scheme, RF link fading strength, diversity order, etc. It is found that configurations like SIMO-SISO, MISO-SISO, SISO-SIMO, and SISO-MISO, where diversity is applied in either source to relay link or relay to destination link, are improving the overall link performance provided that diversity is applied at the link experiencing stronger fading compared to another link. The link configurations SIMO-MISO or MISO-SIMO also improve the link performance and it can achieve BER of 10−5 at less than 15 dB SNR in favourable link conditions.
A combination of DST precoder and ICF based-methods for PAPR suppression in OFDM signal
Authors: Yadav Ajay Kumar
Published: July 2024

One well-known demerit of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which limits the efficiency of high-power amplifier (HPA) and also destroys its bit error rate (BER) performance. Hence, a method based on grouping of discrete sine transform (DST) precoder and iterative clipping and filtering (ICF) is proposed to reduce PAPR in this article. The DST precoder reduces PAPR to certain level by changing phase of the signal. Moreover, the ICF technique is also implemented in DST based-OFDM signal for additional minimization of PAPR. Therefore, the proposed method (DST-ICF) preserves BER performance also from other existing methods. At complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) = 10−3, the simulation results indicate the proposed technique that minimizes PAPR with iteration values (I = 1, I = 2, and I = 3) to 6.37 dB, 5.29 dB, and 4.81 dB respectively. Moreover, at same BER, the E

b
/N
0 of proposed technique with iteration value (I = 3) is achieved by 9.75 dB for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK).
“Silence is the best answer for a bully”: an exploration of humour techniques in selected Nigerian newspaper political cartoons
Authors: Osisanwo Ayo , Atoloye Lekan
Published: July 2024

Newspaper political cartoons, known for their satirical nature, employ semiotic and linguistic techniques to comment on or criticise political leaders and events humorously. While previous studies on Nigerian newspaper political cartoons have focused on ideological issues and discourse frames, little attention has been given to the linguistic investigation of semiotic humour techniques in these cartoons. This study, therefore, investigates these humour techniques, utilising Salvatore Attardo and Victor Raskin’s General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) as the framework within a descriptive design. Three newspapers – Punch, The Guardian, and Daily Trust – were purposively selected for their regular publication of cartoons, criticising Nigeria’s politics. Eleven political cartoons were purposively selected for their semiotic and humorous depictions of Nigeria’s politics, and subjected to linguistic analysis. Six semiotic humour techniques were identified in the cartoons: exaggeration, humorous metaphor, distortion of formulaic expressions, neologism, innovative collocation, and sarcasm. These techniques were employed to satirise three governance issues in Nigeria – misgovernance, corruption and insecurity.
Asymmetric dumbbell dimers simultaneously supporting quasi-bound states in continuum and anapole modes for terahertz biosensing
Authors: Feng Jixin , Wang Xianghui , Shi Weinan , Ma Liang , Ji Yunyun , Fan Fei , Chang Shengjiang
Published: July 2024

Multi-resonant metasurfaces are of great significance in the applications of multi-band nanophotonics. Here, we propose a novel metasurface design scheme for simultaneously supporting quasi-bound states in continuum (QBIC) and other resonant modes, in which QBIC resonance is generated by mirror or rotational symmetry breaking in oligomers while other resonant modes can be simultaneously excited by rationally designing the shapes of meta-atoms within oligomers. As an example, the simultaneous excitation of QBIC and anapole modes are demonstrated in a dimer metasurface composed of asymmetric dumbbell-shaped apertures. Based on the far-field multipole decomposition and near-field electromagnetic field distributions, the origin mechanisms of QBIC and anapole mode are elucidated. The symmetry breaking of dumbbell-shaped dimer results in QBIC. Within a certain asymmetric variation range, the contributions of toroidal dipole moment and electric dipole moment with approximately equal magnitudes remain dominant, which allows the anapole mode to always present. The effectiveness of the proposed design scheme is further confirmed by the experimental results identical with the evolutions of numerical simulation. In terahertz biosensing experiments, the anapole mode exhibits a higher sensitivity of 271.3 GHz (nmol/μl)−1, whereas the QBIC can achieve a lower detection limit of 0.015 nmol/μl and expands the detection range by almost an order of magnitude. Our findings are beneficial to designing multi-resonant metasurfaces with different resonance modes and promote the corresponding applications in the fields of biosensing, lasers, filtering, and nonlinearity.
Analytical investigation of convective phenomena with nonlinearity characteristics in nanostratified liquid film above an inclined extended sheet
Authors: Yasmin Humaira
Published: July 2024

This work focuses on the time-variant convective thin-film nanoliquid fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching, inclined surface under the effect of magnetism for different energy technologies for sustainability. It is crucial to understand how solid materials can be treated with thin films while focusing on the actual ability to improve the body surface features for infiltration, shock resistance, rigidness, brightness, dispersal, absorption, or electrical efficiency. All of these improvements are invaluable, especially in the field of nanotechnology. As with any mass and thermal transport phenomena, the study breaks down important factors such as thermophoresis and Brownian movement, in an attempt to improve the energetic balance and lessen fuel consumption. Utilizing the mathematical model of the temporal evolution on the liquid film flow characteristics over an inclined surface, we obtain a system of nonlinear partial differential equations and convert it to a system of coupled ordinary differential equations appropriately. Finally, the results of the model problem computational analysis are produced using the Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM) and are shown both quantitatively and visually. During the flow analysis, the impact of specific flow parameters such as the magnetic, Brownian, and thermophoresis parameters are examined and found to be highly significant. Furthermore, it is found that the effects of (

M

M

) and (Nt) factors on (

F

F

), (

Φ

\Phi

), and (

ϕ

\phi

) lead to decreased conduction. Conversely, the thermal gradient within the liquid films rises in proportion to the (Nb) factor. This research is distinguished from similar attempts made in the past in terms of thin-film nanoliquid flow from inclined planes and application of LADM approach toward modeling. The findings have provided tangible use in coming up with new methods of cooling electronics gadgets, energy harvesting for solar energy, and eco-friendly industrial processes.
Method development for multielement determination of halogens and sulfur in teas
Authors: Mesko Marcia F. , Costa Larissa C. A. , Cerqueira Jenifer H. , Balbinot Fernanda P. , Rondan Filipe S.
Published: July 2024

Microwave-induced combustion was evaluated as a sample preparation method for several types of tea (black, green, lemon balm, boldo, and mint) for further determination of bromine, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, and sulfur by ion chromatography. Parameters such as the sample mass efficiently decomposed and the most suitable absorbing solution (ultrapure water and 25, 50, 100, and 150 mmol L−1 NH4OH) were evaluated, considering the characteristics of the analytes and the determination technique used. The maximum sample mass possible to be decomposed was 900 mg of milled tea in the form of pellets, and the absorbing solution chosen was 100 mmol L−1 NH4OH, which provided suitable stabilization of the analytes (recoveries between 95 % and 103 %). To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, a certified reference material (BCR 060, aquatic plant) was analyzed. Agreements with the certified values ranged from 101 % to 107 %. The proposed method was used to analyze tea samples and the concentrations ranged from 549 to 2,549 mg kg−1 for chlorine, 223 to 828 mg kg−1 for fluorine, and 786 to 4,023 mg kg−1 for sulfur; bromine and iodine concentrations were below the limits of quantification (42 and 80 mg kg−1, respectively) in all evaluated samples.
Erprobung einer miniaturisierten Infrarotspektroskopie zur Messung von Alterungseffekten in Öl
Authors: Uebel Julian , Stiemcke Yvo , Huber Maximilian E. , Rheinländer Carl , Thielen Stefan , Koch Oliver , Wehn Norbert , Seewig Jörg
Published: July 2024

Kurzfassung

In diesem Artikel wird ein Ansatz zur Ölzustandsüberwachung mit dem Ziel vorgestellt, in Zukunft Veränderungen in den Eigenschaften von Schmierölen zu messen. Die Messung ermöglicht eine automatisierte Überwachung des Schmierstoffs und es können somit Maßnahmen der prädiktiven Instanthaltung eingeleitet und Beschädigungen der Maschinen vermieden werden. Um eine möglichst breite Masse an unterschiedlichen Maschinen mit Ölschmierung und auch Bestandsmaschinen überwachen zu können, soll die Sensorik in einen handelsüblichen Radialwellendichtring (RWDR) integrierbar sein. Zur Messung der Alterungseffekte wird eine Kombination aus Infrarot-(IR-)LED und -Fotodiode eingesetzt. In dieser ersten Iterationsstufe wird die Sensorik so ausgelegt, dass eine Sensitivität bezüglich des Rußgehalts im Öl besteht. Mit dem Aufbau ist es bei niedrigen Rußkonzentrationen möglich den Rußgehalt mit einer mittleren Messabweichung von 0,0026 Ma-% zu ermitteln. Vorgestellt werden die ersten Messergebnisse und Berechnungen der Rußkonzentration in Schmierstoffproben, sowie der Messaufbau und die Modellierung des Sensorverhaltens.
Modulation of Comorbid Chronic Neuropathic Pain and Anxiety-Like Behaviors by Glutamatergic Neurons in the Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray and the Analgesic and Anxiolytic Effects of Electroacupuncture
Authors: Zhu Xixiao , Zhang Chi , Hu Yuxin , Wang Yifang , Xiao Siqi , Zhu Yichen , Sun Haiju , Sun Jing , Xu Chi , Xu Yunyun , Chen Yuerong , He Xiaofen , Liu Boyu , Liu Jinggen , Du Junying , Liang Yi , Liu Boyi , Li Xiaoyu , Jiang Yongliang , Shen Zui , Shao Xiaomei , Fang Jianqiao
Published: July 2024

Comorbid chronic neuropathic pain and anxiety is a common disease that represents a major clinical challenge. The underlying mechanisms of chronic neuropathic pain and anxiety are not entirely understood, which limits the exploration of effective treatment methods. Glutamatergic neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) have been implicated in regulating pain, but the potential roles of the vlPAG in neuropathic pain-induced anxiety have not been investigated. Herein, whole-cell recording and immunofluorescence showed that the excitability of CamkIIα neurons in the vlPAG (vlPAGCamkIIα+neurons) was decreased in mice with spared nerve injury (SNI), while electroacupuncture (EA) activated these neurons. We also showed that chemogenetic inhibition of vlPAGCamkIIα+neurons resulted in allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors in naive mice. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of vlPAGCamkIIα+neurons reduced anxiety-like behaviors and allodynia in mice with SNI, and EA had a similar effect in alleviating these symptoms. Nevertheless, EA combined with chemogenetic activation failed to further relieve allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors. Artificial inhibition of vlPAGCamkIIα+neurons abolished the analgesic and anxiolytic effects of EA. Overall, our study reveals a novel mechanism of neuropathic pain-induced anxiety and shows that EA may relieve comorbid chronic neuropathic pain and anxiety by activating vlPAGCamkIIα+neurons.
PROBLEMS OF RELIABLE HEAT SUPPLY PROVIDING IN THE CONDITIONS OF NON-GUARANTEED ELECTRICITY SUPPLY TO HEAT-GENERATING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Mazurenko A. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Klymchuk A. , Pozdniakova G. , Pustovit A. , Shavrov V. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University,   Odessa Polytechnic National University,   Odessa Polytechnic National University,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the current state of centralized heat supply systems. Considered problems that arise when the power supply is turned off for a longer period of time. For example, due to natural disasters or the destruction of power stations, substations and networks. An analysis of the consequences of long-term shutdowns of centralized heat supply sources in the winter period at extremely low temperatures, which leads to the failure of the main and auxiliary equipment, heat networks and domestic heating systems, was carried out. Considered several real options for reservation or full self-sufficiency of boiler room heat supply needs in power supply for the most common types of boiler room. Namely, with water heating boilers and direct connection to the heating network and with steam boilers and steam water boilers. It is proposed to introduce elements of own power generation on a permanent basis, as part of the technological process of the heat supply system or a separate boiler house of medium and large capacity, which, with their rational combination, can lead to a significant economic effect. It is shown that the most promising is the redundancy due to the built-in heat generation scheme, the electricity generation system, i.e. full or partial cogeneration. It was found that when gas turbines are used in the cogeneration system of heat and electricity, it is advisable to use units with a low temperature of up to 800°C and a gas pressure before the turbine of up to 0.8 MPa, which are characterized by high reliability, low cost and provide the greatest release of utilized heat. Keywords: centralized heat supply systems, reliability of power equipment, power supply of boiler houses
Reproductive Ageing: Declining translational capacity as a potential driver for oocyte meiotic instability
Authors: Danielson Katie J , Judson Kayla L , Greenblatt Ethan J
Published: July 2024

In Brief

This point of view article focuses on the potential contribution of defects in protein synthesis (translation) to the incidence of oocyte meiotic failure. We discuss the potential cause of diminished oocyte translation during aging and the impact of these deficits on the function of the meiotic spindle.

Errors during female meiosis lead to embryonic aneuploidy and miscarriage and occur with increasing frequency during aging. The underlying molecular changes that drive female meiotic instability remain a subject of debate. Developing oocytes undergo a tremendous increase in cytoplasmic volume over several months of follicle development and rely on long-lived mRNAs and ribosomes accumulated during this growth phase for subsequent meiotic maturation. In this point of view article, we discuss how the unique reliance on stores of long-lived mRNAs and ribosomes may represent an Achilles' heel for oocyte function and how alterations that reduce the translational capacity of oocytes could be a factor significantly contributing to female infertility. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to new therapeutic strategies to improve fertility outcomes.
Fixkostenmanagementorientierte Plankostenrechnung
Authors: Reichmann Thomas , Schwellnuß Axel G. , Fröhling Oliver
Published: July 2024

Kaum ein anderer Ansatz im betrieblichen Rechnungswesen hat in der letzten Zeit so viel Aufmerksamkeit erfahren wie die Prozesskostenrechnung. ln der Diskussion wird dabei insbesondere auf mögliche Vorteile gegenüber der flexiblen Plankostenrechnung in bezug auf die Produktkalkulation abgestellt. ln diesem Beitrag wird versucht zu klären, welche Informationen eine entscheidungsorientierte Kostenrechnung liefern sollte und ob nicht ein integrierter Ansatz auf Teilkostenbasis den vielfältigen Informationsbedürfnissen des jeweiligen Entscheidungsträgers besser gerecht wird. Dabei wird insbesondere auch die Möglichkeit einer DV-gestützten Umsetzung auf Standard-Softwarebasis diskutiert.
Startschuß für Controlling in der "DDR''
Authors: Göpfert lngrid
Published: July 2024

Die Unternehmen in der früheren DDR werden erst seit relativ kurzer Zeit mit den Konkurrenzbedingungen einer sozialen Marktwirtschaft konfrontiert. Um in dieser ,neuen' Situation bestehen zu können, bedarf es der Anwendung bisher unbekannter Techniken. Der Einsatz eines Controllingsystems wird von lngrid Göpfert als Managementhilfe für ,DDR'-Unternehmen vorgeschlagen. Somit sollen die Betriebe bei ihrer Umgestaltung zu modernen, auf dynamische Marktverhältnisse reagierende Unternehmen unterstützt werden. Frau Göpfert war jahrelang als wissenschaftliche Assistentin an der Technischen Hochschule Zwickau tätig und mit den dortigen Verhältnissen bestens bekannt. Sie skizziert in dem folgenden Beitrag überblickartig Aspekte des Controlling und unterbreitet einen Vorschlag, welche Einführungsschritte für ,DDR'-Unternehmen als wichtig anzusehen sind.
CIM als Basis für ein prozeßorientiertes Gemeinkostenmanagement
Authors: Wäscher Dieter
Published: July 2024

Im deutschen Maschinenbau ist ein stetig wachsender Anteil der Gemeinkosten an den Gesamtkosten zu beobachten. Hierfür sind gemeinkostentreibende Faktoren, die sich in Prozesssteuerungsvorgängen ausdrücken, verantwortlich zu machen. Dies macht die zunehmende Bedeutung des Gemeinkostenmanagements deutlich, mit dessen Hilfe die gemeinkostentreibenden Faktoren und die ihnen zugrundeliegenden komplexen Aktivitäten und Prozesse identifiziert, quantifiziert und beeinflusst werden können. Dieter Wäscher klärt in seinem Beitrag zunächst die Frage, was unter prozessorientiertem Gemeinkostenmanagement zu verstehen ist, und stellt die Methodik der prozessorientierten Kalkulation als wesentlichen Bestandteil des prozessorientierten Gemeinkostenmanagements dar. Im nächsten Schritt wird der Beitrag der prozessorientierlen Kalkulation als Steuerungsinstrument bei der Entscheidung über konstruktive Alternativen aufgezeigt. in einem abschließenden Schritt zeigt Dieter Wäscher, welche Unterstützung CIM für ein prozessorientiertes Gemeinkostenmanagement leisten kann.
Produktivitätssteuerung in Marketing und Vertrieb.
Authors: Homburg Christian
Published: July 2024

Rezessionsbedingt ist für eine Vielzahl deutscher Unternehmen die Zeit der Kostensenkungsprogramme und der Produktivitätsoffensiven gekommen. ln beiden Fällen konzentriert man sich oftmals auf die Bereiche Produktion und Logistik, wohl nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil dort einfach zu erfassende Maßgrößen vorliegen, die Produktivitätsfortschritte relativ leicht erfassbar machen. Dieser ,Messbarkeitsvorteil' führt dazu, dass andere betriebliche Schlüsselbereiche produktivitätsanalytisch vernachlässigt werden. Christian Homburg zeigt in seinem Artikel, dass auch in den Bereichen Marketing und Vertrieb sehr wohl Effizienzmessungen möglich sind, die verdeckte Produktivitätspotentiale offenlegen können.
Zuliefererintegration im marktorientierten Zielkostenmanagement
Authors: Seidenschwarz Werner , Niemand Stefan
Published: July 2024

Marktorientierte Unternehmenssteuerung mit Hilfe des Target Costing sowie die frühzeitige Einbindung von Zulieferern in den Entwicklungsprozess neuer Produkte sind derzeit zwei bedeutende Diskussionspunkte sowohl in der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung als auch in der Unternehmenspraxis. Im folgenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, dass es sich hierbei nicht um zwei getrennte Bereiche handelt, sondern dass die Zulieferer - auch methodisch - in den Prozess des Target Costing zu integrieren sind. Es werden zum einen die Integrationsmöglichkeiten dargestellt, zum anderen wird ein Instrumentarium zur Unterstützung des Zulieferermanagements im Rahmen des Target Costing vorgestellt.
Prozeßorientierte Verrechnung administrativer Serviceleistungen einer Management-Holding
Authors: Stoi Roman , Luncz Fabian
Published: July 2024

Mit den traditionellen Formen der Holdingumlage ist eine verursachungsgerechte Verteilung der entstandenen Holdingkosten nicht durchführbar. Die auf diese Weise ermittelten Erfolge der angeschlossenen Tochterunternehmen bieten somit für die Konzernsteuerung keine ausreichende Entscheidungsgrundlage. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt am Beispiel der Gebrüder Rhodius GmbH & Co. KG die Möglichkeit einer prozessorientierten Verteilung vor. Dabei wird aufgrund der Erfassung der tatsächlichen Inanspruchnahme der administrativen Serviceleistungen der Management-Holding eine verursachungsgerechtere Verrechnung erzielt. Die erhöhte Aussagefähigkeit der prozesskostenorientierten Informationsbasis verbessert die Gemeinkostenplanung und -Kontrolle administrativer Servicefunktionen sowie die Erfolgsermittlung und Kalkulation der Tochtergesellschaften.
Zur Eignung der US-GAAP für Zwecke des internen Rechnungswesens
Authors: Haller Axel
Published: July 2024

Eine wachsende Anzahl deutscher Großunternehmen wenden für ihre Konzernrechnungslegung internationale Standards wie lAS oder US-GAAP an. Gleichzeitig verstärken sich die Forderungen nach einer Vereinfachung des Rechnungswesens durch die Harmonisierung der internen und externen Rechnungssysteme. Im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutiert Haller die Eignung einer Konzernrechnungslegung nach US-GAAP, diesen Forderungen Folge zu leisten, ohne die Aussagefähigkeit des Rechnungswesens als Grundlage unternehmerischer Entscheidungen zu verschlechtern.
Strategieorientiertes Kostenmanagement
Authors: Brokemper Andreas
Published: July 2024

Kostenprobleme haben in der Regel strategische Ursachen. Diese Feststellung ist in Theorie und Praxis weit verbreitet, spiegelt sich jedoch in den bestehenden Kostenrechnungssystemen nicht oder nur unzureichend wider. Die Forderung zahlreicher Kostenrechnungsexperten nach einer Erweiterung der Kostenrechnung bzw. des Kostenmanagements auf strategische Belange ist daher durchaus verständlich. Innerhalb eines "strategischen" oder strategieorientierten Kostenmanagements kommt langfristigen Kostentreibern eine zentrale Rolle zu. Durch Kenntnis der strategisch relevanten Kostentreiber sowie ihrer Interdependenzen lassen sich Kostensenkungspotentiale identifizieren und Wettbewerbsvorteile realisieren. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Konzept des strategieorientierten Kostenmanagements vor und zeigt empirische Erkenntnisse einer Analyse strategischer Kostenbestimmungsfaktoren auf. Abschließend wird in Form eines Kostentreiberportfolios ein pragmatisches Instrument zum strategischen Management der Kostenposition entwickelt.
Variability of the groundwater regime on the background of сhanges in snow storage (by the example of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve)
Authors: Китаев Л.М. , Аблеева В.А.
Published: July 2024

На основе данных экспериментальных наблюдений 1999–2021 гг. на примере характерных участков Приокско-Террасного заповедника уточнена степень влияния снегонакопления на динамику глубины залегания уровней грунтовых вод c учетом изменчивости приземной температуры воздуха и осадков. Проведена оценка пространственной неоднородности сезонных и многолетних изменений метеорологических характеристик и глубины залегания уровня грунтовых вод. Регрессионный анализ показал наличие значимого влияния снегозапасов на многолетнюю динамику глубины залегания грунтовых вод как в снежный период (декабрь–апрель), так и во время их максимального подъема (май–июль) – при малой значимости влияния приземной температуры воздуха холодного периода, продолжительности оттепелей и их суммы положительных температур. Полученные закономерности могут быть использованы для уточнения особенностей региональных процессов водообмена и модельных алгоритмов соответствующего направления исследований.

Based on observation data on typical areas of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve for 1999–2021, the influence of snow accumulation on the dynamics of the groundwater level was clarified with due account for the variability in air temperature and precipitation. An assessment of the spatial heterogeneity of seasonal and long-term variability in meteorological characteristics and the groundwater level was made. A regression analysis demonstrated that the snow storage has a significant influence on the long-term dynamics of the groundwater level during both the snowy season (December–April) and the maximum rise of the groundwater level (May–July). The effects of the air temperature of the cold season, duration of thaws, and the accumulated positive air temperatures during them on the groundwater level were statistically insignificant. The obtained conclusions complement the results of studies of the relationship between the variability of snow cover characteristics and the depth of groundwater under the conditions of modern meteorological regime and can be used to specify regional features of water exchange processes.
A multivariate regression analysis of a comprehensive rehabilitation program and performance improvement in young female volleyball players
Authors: Sivaraman Chitra , Chelliah Jesus Rajkumar Navaraj , Salini Baby , Akter Boby Farjana , Sanjaykumar Swamynathan
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a comprehensive rehabilitation program tailored for college female volleyball players in India, specifically focusing on its impact on vertical jump performance.

Material and Methods: Twenty-seven female college volleyball players participated in the study, undergoing a preseason rehabilitation program comprising various exercises targeting strength, power, stability, agility, and flexibility. Pre- and post-rehabilitation assessments were conducted to evaluate changes in vertical jump height using a Vertec vertical jump measuring device. Statistical analysis included multivariate regression analysis and paired t-tests.

Results: The multivariate regression analysis revealed significant positive associations between several rehabilitation components, including squats, depth jumps, and plyometric circuits, and improved vertical jump height (p < 0.01). Paired t-test results indicated a significant increase in vertical jump height post-rehabilitation (p < 0.0001), with a mean difference of 4.863 cm. Strong positive correlations were observed between baseline and post-rehabilitation vertical jump measurements (r = 0.9629).

Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the comprehensive rehabilitation program in enhancing vertical jump performance among college female volleyball players in India. By targeting multiple facets of physical fitness and movement quality, the program facilitated significant improvements in explosive lower body strength and power, essential for volleyball performance. These results underscore the importance of tailored rehabilitation interventions in optimizing athlete capabilities and achieving success on the volleyball court.
Felsőoktatási pedagógiák
Authors: Kozma Tamás
Published: July 2024

A felsőoktatás pedagógiája azt sugallja, hogy a felsőoktatás nem elkülönült
intézményrendszer az oktatási rendszeren belül, hanem az iskolarendszer szerves
része. A felsőoktatás lényege is a tanítás-tanulás, akárcsak az iskolarendszer
többi fokozatán; a felsőoktatás többi funkciói (missziói) erre rakódnak rá. Az
iskolarendszer alsóbb fokozataival összeköti az a tény, hogy a felsőoktatásba a
középfokú oktatásból lépnek át a hallgatók. Az alsóbb fokozatoktól azonban
megkülönbözteti a tananyag, a tanár (oktató), valamint a hallgatók. A tananyagot
a tudományok és a technika alapjai jelentik; az oktatók kutatók is egyben (a
tudományos közösség tagjai), a hallgatók pedig részben még serdülők, részben már
felnőttek. Mindezt tekintetbe véve a felsőoktatásban folyó tanítás-tanulásban
sajátos módszerekre van szükség, amelyek a tanulást mint autonóm tevékenységet
hangsúlyozzák, az oktatást az önálló tanulás menedzseléseként fogják föl, a
tananyagot pedig a tudományos kutatások eredményei alapján határozzák meg. A
felsőoktatás további missziói lassan elfeledtetik az első misszió
(tanítás-tanulás) fontosságát. A felsőoktatásban terjedő teljesítményértékelések
azonban újra rávilágítanak a tanítás-tanulás fontosságára az egyetemen.
A zenetanulás mint a társadalmi felemelkedés eszköze
Authors: Szűcs Tímea
Published: July 2024

Kutatásomban olyan intézményeket vizsgálok, amelyek hátrányos helyzetű gyerekeket
segítenek a zenetanulás eszközével. Jelen tanulmányban a Máltai Szimfónia
Programot vizsgálom, figyelembe véve mind a szakmai, mind az emberi tényezőket.
Vizsgálatom során kvalitatív módszert alkalmaztam, és félig strukturált
interjúkat készítettem a program mentor zenetanáraival. A MAXQDA kvalitatív
adatelemző szoftvert használtam a válaszok objektív elemzéséhez, így lehetőség
nyílt az adatok kvantifikálására. Az eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy a
gyerekek sikereiben meghatározó a megértő környezet, a speciális attitűd és
bánásmód. Emellett kulcsfontosságú a speciális módszertan alkalmazása a gyerekek
fejlődésében.
A kutatásalapú tanulás helye a felsőoktatásban: kiváltság vagy a bevonás eszköze
Authors: Sass Judit Gabriella
Published: July 2024

A tanulmány a 21. századi készségigényekre reflektálni tudó, kutatásalapú tanulás
hazai felsőoktatási tapasztalatait vizsgálja a nem természettudományi
oktatásban. Áttekinti a kutatásalapú tanulás fogalmát, valamint néhány példát a
gyakorlatból. Bemutatja a kapcsolódó alapkérdéseket (irányítás helye, kutatás
szerepe) és az alkalmazás feltételeit.

A vizsgálat a kutatásalapú tanulás alkalmazásának céljait és akadályait tárja fel
módszertani központvezetők és oktatók tematikus interjúival. Az interjúk
tartalomelemzése alapján felvázolhatók a „kutatásalapú tanulás” értelmezései:
kutatási folyamat- és tehetséggondozás-hangsúly, a kommunikációs készségek
fejlesztendő területei és az intézményi támogatás lehetséges beavatkozási
pontjai.
Atomic force microscopic investigations of transient early-stage bacterial adhesion and antibacterial activity of silver and ceria modified bioactive glass
Authors: Gour Shivani , Mukherjee Abhijit , Balani Kantesh , Dhami Navdeep K.
Published: July 2024

Bioactive glass 58S (BG58S) is widely recognised for its bioactivity and antibacterial properties, making it a promising material for orthopaedic implant applications. This study investigates the effects of incorporating silver (BG58S-2.5Ag) and cerium oxide (BG58S-5C) into BG58S on early-stage bacterial adhesion and subsequent bacterial growth inhibition. Using a high-intensity ball milling approach, BG58S was modified with 5% cerium oxide (CeO2) and 2.5% silver (Ag) nanoparticles to create homogeneous BG58S-2.5Ag and BG58S-5C nanocomposites. Custom-made biomineral probes were employed to measure the bacterial adhesion within one second of contact with Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The results demonstrated that BG58S-2.5Ag showed significantly stronger transient adhesion to bacteria compared to BG58S, leading to a more effective long-term antibacterial response. Additionally, it was observed that the antibacterial effect of Ag commenced within one second of contact. These findings indicate a potential correlation between the rate of bond strengthening and cell wall penetration. This study highlights the potential for enhancing the effectiveness of antibacterial implant surfaces for various biomaterial applications.

Graphical abstract
Penampilan agronomi tanaman bawang merah varietas lokananta hasil induksi mutasi kolkisin pada beberapa media tanam
Authors: Pramesti Nanda Dwi , Faozi Khavid , Fatichin Fatichin , Hidayat Ponendi , Nurchasanah Siti
Published: July 2024

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) is an important horticultural sub-sector commodity and potential to be developed. Nevertheless, the production fluctuates due to the use of vegetative seeds in cultivation. Currently, there are still a few true seed shallot (TSS) varieties circulating for production. TSS diversity is needed by the colchicine mutation supported by a proper planting media composition. The experiment aimed to determine the effect and obtain the best colchicine concentration with media composition on the performance of Lokananta shallot. The experiment used a randomized group design with two factors. The first factor was colchicine concentrations i.e. 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%. The second factor was the composition of media i.e. soil + goat manure), soil + husk charcoal, and soil + husk charcoal + manure. The observations were the percentage of growing seeds (%), growth, and yield characteristics. The results showed that the concentration of colchicine and planting media affected on plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, dry plant weight, dry bulb weight, escaped dry bulb weight, number of tillers, and number of bulbs. Colchicine concentration with media composition only interacted on fresh plant weight with 0.75% colchicine with planting media soil + manure (1:1).

Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hortikultura penting dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai tanaman obat. Produksi bawang merah masih fluktuatif karena menggunakan benih vegetatif pada budidayanya. Saat ini, masih sedikit varietas true seed shallot (TSS) yang beredar di masyarakat. Diperlukan keragaman TSS melalui mutasi dengan kolkisin dan didukung komposisi media tanam yang tepat. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan memperoleh konsentrasi kolkisin dengan komposisi media terbaik terhadap penampilan bawang merah Lokananta. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama konsentrasi kolkisin yang terdiri dari konsentrasi 0%, 0,25%, 0,50%, dan 0,75%. Faktor kedua komposisi media tanam yang terdiri atas tanah + pupuk kandang kambing, tanah + arang sekam, dan tanah + arang sekam + pupuk kandang kambing. Variabel pengamatan yaitu persentase benih tumbuh (%), karakter agronomi dan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi kolkisin dan komposisi media tanam berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, luas daun, jumlah daun, bobot tanaman kering, bobot umbi kering, bobot umbi kering eskip, luas daun, jumlah anakan, dan jumlah umbi. Konsentrasi kolkisin dengan komposisi media hanya berinteraksi pada bobot tanaman segar. Pemberian kolkisin 0,75% dengan komposisi media tanam tanah + pupuk kandang kambing (1:1) mampu meningkatkan bobot tanaman segar.
Pendugaan parameter genetik karakter biomassa dan hasil pada galur-galur F7 sorgum numbu X samurai 2.
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Antony Jefri , Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas , Wirnas Desta
Published: July 2024

This research is a preliminary yield test of the F7 lines crossing from Numbu x Samurai 2. The aims are to obtain selection criteria, a relationship between vegetative characters and yield and biomass characters, and to obtain vegetative characters that have a direct influence on character Yield and biomass and have high production potential. This study used 20 F7 lines and 4 check lines grown using a Randomized Complete Block Design. The data were analyzed for variance and to estimate variance component analysis, broad sense heritability, genetic diversity coefficient, correlation analysis, cross-trace analysis, and selection index. The results showed that to obtain lines with high biomass, attention should be put on the characters of plant height, panicle diameter, and weight while selecting lines with high yields needs to pay attention tocharacters of the number of leaves at harvest and panicle weight. These characters show wide genetic variation, high broad sense heritability values, and have a high correlation and direct influence on biomass and yield. Therefore, they were potent selection criteria for sorghum plant breeding programs. The F7 lines selected for high biomass and yield based on the selection index were NS021, NS126, NS107, NS123, NS112, NS020, NS015, NS119, NS121 and NS011.

Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari uji daya hasil pendahuluan galur-galur F7 hasil persilangan Numbu x Samurai 2. Tujuannya adalah memperoleh kriteria seleksi hasil dan biomassa, memperoleh hubungan antar karakter vegetatif dengan karakter hasil dan biomassa, memperoleh karakter vegetatif yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap karakter hasil dan biomassa dan memperoleh galur sorgum yang memiliki potensi produksi tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 galur F7 dan 4 galur pembanding yang ditanam menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak. Data dianalisis ragam, analisis komponen ragam, heritabilitas arti luas, koefisien keragaman genetik, analisis korelasi, analisis sidik lintas dan Indeks seleksi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa untuk mendapatkan galur dengan biomassa tinggi perlu memperhatikan karakter tinggi tanaman, diameter dan bobot malai. Sedangkan seleksi galur dengan hasil tinggi perlu memperhatikan karakter bobot malai. Karakter-karakter tersebut menunjukkan ragam genetik yang luas, nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas yang tinggi, dan mempunyai korelasi dan pengaruh langsung besar terhadap biomassa dan hasil, sehingga merupakan karakter seleksi yang sangat baik untuk program pemuliaan tanaman sorgum. Galur F7 yang terseleksi dengan biomassa dan hasil tinggi berdasarkan indeks seleksi adalah NS021, NS126, NS107, NS123, NS112, NS020, NS015, NS119, NS121 dan NS011.