bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibiting wood-water interactions by hydrothermal hemicellulose extraction combined with furfurylation
Authors: Tiantian Yang , Ma Erni , Mei Changtong , Cao Jinzhen
Published: December 2021

Wood-water interactions affect durability and performance of wood products, such as dimensional stability and biodegradation. To upgrade wood, a combined modification via hemicellulose extraction and furfurylation was proposed to inhibit wood-water interactions. More intense hemicellulose extraction caused larger voids and led to higher pore volume. The increment of porosity resulted in more uniform distribution of polymerized furfural resin in cells, as indicated by scanning electron microscopic and confocal laser scanning microscopic observations. The combined modification greatly reduced surface wettability with an increase of water contact angle (CA) of over 134% at 100 s. With hemicellulose extraction, polymerized furfural resin partially occupied the accommodation initially for water molecules and reduced accessible sorption sites, causing water absorption (WA) of wood to decrease by over 30% after soaking in water for 768 h. Dynamic moisture sorption was weakened after combined modification, and the moderate hemicellulose extraction combined with furfurylation reduced the moisture content by over 50% due to incorporative changes of chemical sorption sites and physical porosity. The results confirmed the efficiency of the combined modification in inhibiting wood-water interactions and indicated the importance to accurately control hemicellulose content during modification. This study could provide useful information for sustainably enhancing wood performance and upgrading low-quality wood.
Quenching and Distortion*
Authors: Fechte-Heinen R. , Lübben Th.
Published: December 2021

This paper is based on a keynote lecture presented by Prof. Fechte-Heinen during the 2nd International Conference on Quenching and Distortion Engineering in April 2021. Firstly, it presents a short summary of the basics of distortion formation. The mechanisms and the potential for distortion with its carriers are discussed in more detail. Furthermore, the method of Distortion Engineering is explained. Finally, selected examples are presented that illustrate the connections between distortion and the quenching process.
A review of the mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of some medicinal plants–biochemical perspectives
Authors: Aba Patrick E. , Ihedioha John I. , Asuzu Isaac U.
Published: December 2021

Cancer is a disease resulting in unbridled growth of cells due to dysregulation in the balance of cell populations. Various management procedures in handling cases of cancer are not without their adverse side effects on the normal cells. Medicinal plants/herbs have been in use in the management of various ailments, including cancer, for a long time. Medicinal plants have been credited with wide safety margins, cost effectiveness, availability and diverse activities. This study reviewed various mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of some medicinal plants from a biochemical perspective. The mechanisms of anti-cancer activities of plant compounds addressed in this article include induction of apoptosis, anti-angiogenic effects, anti-metastasis, inhibition of cell cycle, inhibition of DNA destruction and effects on key enzymes, cytotoxic and anti-oxidant effects. The anti-cancer activities of some of the plants involve more than one mechanism.
Application research on neutron-gamma discrimination based on BC501A liquid scintillator
Authors: Luo J. , Hou S.
Published: December 2021

Liquid organic scintillators are widely used in non-destructive analysis, which plays an important role in nuclear disarmament verification. This paper focused on studying the neutron-gamma discrimination technology in the fast neutron multiplicity measuring counter based on BC501A liquid scintillation detector. First, the charge comparison method, the zero-crossing time method and the rise time method were compared via the Geant4 and Matlab algorithm, and the result shows that charge comparison has the highest Figure of Merit. Then, a neutron-gamma discrimination system based on the six-probe fast neutron multiplicity counter was built and tested with a conclusion that the mean value of Figure of merit is 1.08, which verify the satisfactory neutron-gamma discriminating capability of the system. Finally, for the uranium samples, the mass are detected by fast neutron multiplicity counter, and the enrichment are measured by the characteristic gamma-ray signals using the system. The experimental results are in good agreement with the actual data.
Mechanoresponsive scatterers for high-contrast optical modulation
Authors: Cho Donghwi , Chen Haomin , Shin Jonghwa , Jeon Seokwoo
Published: December 2021

Smart chromatic materials with optical transmittances that can be modified by light scattering upon external stimuli are attracting extensive interest because of their appealing applications in smart windows, privacy protection, electronic displays, etc. However, the development of these scatterers, which are mostly activated by electric fields, is hindered by their intrinsic energy consumption, slow responses, and poor stability. Recently, mechanoresponsive scatterers based on a strain-driven reconfiguration of the surface or internal structure have emerged, featuring fast responses and a simple composition/fabrication. Because there is no energy consumption to maintain the transparency/opacity, this novel scheme for scatterers holds great promise to break the existing bottleneck. This article presents recent advances in the development of mechanoresponsive scatterers and compares different structural design strategies. The scatterers are categorized into 2D, 3D, and other types according to the dimensions of their functioning structures. The fabrication methods, mechanisms, and relationships between the structural parameters and optical modulating performances are discussed for each category. Next, the potential applications of these scatterers are outlined. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the mainstream 2D and 3D categories are summarized, followed by a perspective on future research directions.
Optimization of EI961 steel spheroidization process for subsequent use in additive manufacturing: Effect of plasma treatment on the properties of EI961 powder
Authors: Ozerskoi Nikolai , Silin Alexey , Razumov Nikolay , Popovich Anatoly
Published: December 2021

For use in additive manufacturing (AM), powders that have a spherical shape, high fluidity, and packing density are required. One of the methods for producing spherical powders is spheroidization using inductively coupled plasma. In this work, the powder of steel grade EI961 was used. To obtain the powder for subsequent use in 3D printing, the selection of modes was carried out with the change in various parameters of the unit: different power, powder feed rate to the plasma as well as the height of feed rate. The optimal spheroidization mode is as follows: power of 15 kW, pressure of 1 atm, feed rate height of 0 mm, and powder feed rate of 28 g·min−1. The temperature distribution over the plasma torch cross section was calculated and the maximum plasma temperature was also determined. In addition, the effect of plasma treatment on the granulometric composition, phase composition, and chemical composition was studied.
One-factor-at-a-time method combined with ICP-MS for determining 11 elements in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles
Authors: Gao Xun , Chen Kexin , Zhang Yue , Chi Miaomiao
Published: December 2021

This study was designed to determine the 11 metal elements (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sb, and Pb) in soy sauce and their migration from the containing glass bottles. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied for the determination of the elements and one-factor-at-a-time method was employed for optimizing the ICP-MS parameters in migration experiment and microwave digestion experiment. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the content of 11 elements. The results showed that the experiment had excellent correlation and sensitivity. The accuracy of the elements in the migration study and test of soy sauce itself ranging from 84.25% to 118.75% was satisfied, and the precision of the method was validated and the RSD was no more than 15.5%. The concentration of all the detected metal elements migrated from the glass bottles were between 0.3450 and 2.398 ng·mL−1, and the risk assessment indicated that the metal elements in soy sauce had no risk to the public health. The proposed methodology in this study was successfully applied for the quality control for metal elements in soy sauce and the containing glass bottles for the first time, and a research method suitable for soy sauce consumption process control and risk assessment has been established.
Efficacy of Nasogastric and Nasojejunal Enteral Feeding in the Early Phase of Acute Pacreatitis
Authors: Sivkov O. G. , Sivkov A. O. , Popov I. B. , Zaitsev E. Yu.
Published: December 2021

Enteral nutrition in the early phase of predicted severe acute pancreatitis can be administered via a nasogastric or nasojejunal tube. Finding the most effective method in terms of daily balance, the volume of feeding and residual gastric volume in the early period of moderate and severe acute pancreatitis is a current challenge.The aim of the study was to estimate the efficacy of nasogastric and nasojejunal early enteral feeding duringthe early phase of predicted severe acute pancreatitis.Material and methods. The study was prospective, single-center, and randomized. The data were collected from November 2012 to October 2018. The study included 64 ICU patients in the early period of acute pancreatitis exhibiting predictors of severity. During randomization, the patients were assigned to either nasogastric (group 1) or nasojejunal (group 2) feeding for the next four days. The volume of enteral feeding on Day 1 was 250 ml/day, and on each successive day it was increased by 250 ml/day. During group allocation, the disease severity and the way of nutrient administration were taken into account. Daily balance was calculated using the difference between enterally administered and residual gastric volume. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23 software package. The null hypothesis was rejected at P0.05.Results. The volume of enteral nutrition administered over 4 days did not differ between the study groups. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis had significantly better nutrient absorption over 4 days when the postpyloric route was used (1.63±0.98 l/d) vs the nasogastric one (0.55±0.29 l/d) (P=0.001). In moderate pancreatitis, the enteral nutrition absorption over 4 days did not differ (P=0.107) between the groups with nasogastric (2.06±0.87 l/day) and nasojejunal (2.6±0.45 l/day) feeding.Conclusion. Nasojejunal route is the preferred way to start enteral feeding in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. In moderate acute pancreatitis, feeding can be initiated via the gastric route and only in case of intolerance it should be switched to the nasojejunal one.
Weak approximations of Wright-Fisher equation
Authors: Mongirdaitė Gabrielė , Mackevičius Vigirdas
Published: December 2021

We construct weak approximations of the Wright-Fisher model and illustrate their accuracy by simulation examples.
Patients’ falls in different sectors in a public-teaching hospital in Brazil
Authors: Alves Marilia , da Silva Souza Kelen Adriane , de Oliveira Quites Humberto Ferreira , da Silva Doane Martins , Vaz Ventura Palloma Fernandes Estanislau
Published: December 2021

Objective: Describe characteristics of adults and seniors falls in different sectors of a public teaching Hospital of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Quantitative study, with a descriptive and retrospective approach, on reported falls of adults and seniors from different sectors of a teaching Public Hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil such as the emergency room, medical wing and surgical wing. Data was collected through notifications and charts. Result: Most falls occurred in men with ages between 55 and 62 years old. Presence of assistive devices, difficulty walking, altered emotional state, pain, and use of medications were found to be associated with high risk of falls. Bed falls at night were the most frequent. There are few nursing assessments that are relevant in preventing falls. Conclusion: The greatest number of falls occurred in male patients during the night shift.The main comorbidities found were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the circulatory system and diseases of the nervous system. The most common type of falls were in regards to falling from bed and falling from proper height. The identification of the risk of falling and the use of preventive measures reduce falls.
A review on the effect of using rotary hyflex electrical discharge machining endodontic files on the formation of dentinal microcracks in straight root canals
Authors: Al-Hashimi Yasir , Abyad Ahmed , Abyad Ahmed , Al-Hashimi Yasir
Published: December 2021

Endodontic therapy is based on cleaning and shaping the canal system till the apex with total obturation of the canal. However, it is not always straightforward. Endodontics specialists face many complicated cases as sever curved canals, calcified canals and canals with previously initiated therapy which require to deal with. dental professionals pay attention to create new methods or to improve the already developed equipment and procedures to facilitate their work. Rotary endodontics files are in the center of attention. nowadays, recent files with extraordinary properties have been revolutionized. The standard Nickel Titanium rotary endodontic files are not always preferred. It cannot serve well in the aforementioned complex cases due to its larger tapers and unique shape memory property. Moreover, these files have led to several dentinal microcracks formation during canal preparation using the flaring instruments. Microcracks are evaluated through the accurately presented sliced images using Micro-Computer Tomography (micro-CT) done before and after root canal preparation. This has led to the invention of new generations of rotary endodontics files, with unique properties improving its behavior during the instrumentation, including Controlled Memory (CM) files and Electrical discharge Machine (EDM) files, opening the door for a new era in the field of endodontics dentistry. The present study aims to review HyFlex EDM files, including their properties, clinical dental usage, and the role of micro-CT in analyzing dentinal micro cracks formed with HyFlex EDM files.
Power as a Source of Risk
Authors: Burlachuk Victor
Published: December 2021

The problem of risk connected with the power administration requires a rethinking of traditional ideas about power. Its images of law and sovereignty, disciplinary domination within the framework of modern forms of government need to be rethought. The information theory of power developed by N. Luhmann and the concept of governmentality of M. Foucault are directed against the ideology of the subject, where the ruling subject is one of the effective means and images of power. For both Foucault and Luhmann, power is immanent in its own manifestations, it is synchronous with all transformations in the macrostructures of society and is not outside, but inside. For Luhmann, the risk of power is the risk of a decision. The topic of risk is not at all in the domain of the subject dimension; it must be sought in the state of the temporal and social dimension. However, modern society should present possible threats not in the risk mode, but in the danger mode. The problem is that it is impossible to identify false or correct decisions. Once the decision is made, the risk cannot be avoided. If there are no risk-free solutions, the multiplication of research and knowledge would not make it possible to move from risk to reliability. Luhmann's position is opposed by the followers of M. Foucault, who supplement the concept of government with the idea of reflexive control. Reflexive control abstracts from solution problems. For this direction, risk is a way of thinking about the world. Therefore, the task of management is to identify risky objects and accordingly coordinate management tasks and determine measures to eliminate or reduce the risk. The industrial society tried to protect itself by means of some kind of social contract against the dangers and damage generated by this society. A system of private and public insurance was established. Modern society questions the principle of insurance because it is unable to insure itself against the mega-hazards of nuclear energy or catastrophic climate change. The four pillars of "computable risks" are crumbling: compensation, constraint, security and computation. The risk has ceased to be calculable. Its incalculability characterizes the current state of society.
The concept of classes in early work of F. Engels
Authors: Makeiev Serhii
Published: December 2021

In 2020 the scientific community celebrated the 200th anniversary of the birth of Friedrich Engels with numerous publications, conferences, and meetings. But as if by tradition representatives of various social and humanitarian disciplines, including sociologists, were and remain to this day, surprisingly inattentive (or indifferent) to the concepts of classes and class analysis presented by the founder of Marxism in his first book «The Condition of the Working Class in England», published in 1845. Modern life writers of F. Engels usually rank the work as a genre of high-quality journalistic investigations, as an engaged political journalism, as the first publications on the problem of urbanization, and as one of the best examples of a fiction book about the life and customs of the Victorian era. The article substantiates its belonging to the social and humanitarian science in accordance with today’s ideas about the relevance of scientific research. A sociological explication and interpretation of the views on the formation, evolution and prospects for the participation of large groups of people in the process of transforming social orders are proposed. The first part presents the biographical context of Engels’ writing of his first major work, as well as some post-biographical facts about the memory of his stay in Manchester in connection with the living conditions of English workers. The second part lists those conceptual constructs that can be taken for the concept of classes.
John Lofland's concept of analytical ethnography
Authors: Melnikov Andrii , Aleksentseva-Timchenko Kateryna
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a historical and theoretical interpretation of the ethnographic paradigm in the social sciences, its specificity, general principles of application and main research directions. The sources of analytical ethnography, its founders and the period of formation as an independent approach in the structure of interpretive metaparadigm are briefly considered. An ethnographic perspective is defined as a systematic, integral understanding of social processes and the organization of the collective life in the context of everyday practices. The intellectual heritage of the analytical ethnography’s founder John Lofland is presented by characterizing the basic research principles that constitute the essence of his theoretical and methodological strategy: generic propositions; unfettered inquiry; deep familiarity; emergent analysis; true content; new content; developed treatment. An attempt is made to trace the further connections of Lofland's analytical approach with other areas of the ethnographic paradigm.
The use of active methods of teaching sociological disciplines in distance learning
Authors: Moroz Yevheniia , Sobolevska Maryna , Chervinska Tetiana
Published: December 2021

The article considers the problems of teaching and application of methods of activating the educational audience in the global pandemic COVID-19 and the transition to the format of distance and blended learning. Using examples from the experience of teaching compulsory disciplines for training specialists in sociology at the Faculty of Sociology at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kiev, the authors considered the possibilities of using game and projective techniques, role-based discussions, visualizing students' answers and explanations in the context of distance learning and technically mediated communication with students. The possibilities of using various online platforms and services (KNU Education Online, Google Meet, Google Classroom, Zoom, kahoot.it, triventy.com, quizizz.com, jeopardylabs.com, baamboozle.com, mentimeter.com, ArcGIS Online, Google Maps , Bing Maps) to energize student work and generate feedback from the audience. The use of distance learning methods allows us to rethink and suggest new ways to solve traditional problems of teaching in higher education, such as: the connection of theory and practice, visualization of theoretical material, activating the audience during classes. Involvement of game techniques partially overcomes the difficulties of distance learning and communication with students, which is an objective consequence of the impossibility of dialogue in the usual face-to-face format. At the same time, there are other important problems and issues of organizing the educational process, associated not only with the availability of the necessary material and technical support, but also with the willingness and ability of direct participants in the educational system to work with the necessary software — digital literacy of teachers. All this creates new challenges for the teachers, the search for alternative options for introducing the latest or updated techniques and constant reflection on the advantages and disadvantages of their use.
Від незрячої мухи до захворювань людини: історія відкриття та дослідження термо- і механорецепторів
Authors: Шуба Ярослав Михайлович
Published: December 2021

Нобелівську премію з фізіології або медицини у 2021 р. присуджено двом ученим із США — Девіду Джуліусу (David Julius) з Каліфорнійського університету в Сан-Франциско та Ардему Патапутяну (Ardem Patapoutian) з Дослідницького інституту Скріппса в Сан-Дієго за «їхні відкриття рецепторів температури і дотику» (for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch). У пресрелізі Нобелівського комітету зазначено, що «ці проривні відкриття стимулювали інтенсивну дослідницьку діяльність, що розширила горизонти нашого розуміння того, як нервова система відчуває тепло, холод і механічні подразники, та визначили важливі відсутні ланки у взаємодії між нашими органами відчуття і навколишнім середовищем».
Bolus Versus Continuous Nasogastric Feeds for Infants With Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Courtney Alyssa , Bernard Anne , Burgess Scott , Davies Katie , Foster Kelly , Kapoor Vishal , Levitt David , Sly Peter D
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis are commenced on nasogastric feeding to maintain hydration. Feeding strategies vary according to physician or institution preference. The current study hypothesized that continuous nasogastric feeding would prolong length of stay (LOS) when compared to bolus feeding.

METHODS

A randomized, parallel-group, superiority clinical trial was performed within an Australian children’s hospital throughout 2 bronchiolitis seasons from May 2018 to October 2019. Infants <12 months hospitalized with bronchiolitis and requiring supplemental nasogastric feeding were randomly assigned to continuous or bolus nasogastric regimens. LOS was the primary outcome. Secondary outcome measures included pulmonary aspirations and admissions to intensive care.

RESULTS

The intention-to-treat analysis included 189 patients: 98 in the bolus nasogastric feeding group and 91 in the continuous group. There was no significant difference in LOS (median LOS of the bolus group was 54.25 hours [interquartile range 40.25–82] and 56 hours [interquartile range 38–78.75] in the continuous group). A higher proportion of admissions to intensive care was detected in the continuous group (28.57% [26 of 91] of the continuous group vs 11.22% [11 of 98] of the bolus group [P value 0.004]). There were no clinically significant pulmonary aspirations or statistically significant differences in vital signs between the groups within 6 hours of feed initiation.

CONCLUSIONS

No significant difference in LOS was found between bolus and continuous nasogastric feeding strategies for infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis. The continuous feeding group had a higher proportion of intensive care admissions, and there were no aspiration events.
Predicted milk production per hectare based on yield and chemical composition of native and hybrid maize silage varieties on temperate and tropical regions
Authors: Robles Jiménez Lizbeth Esmeralda , González Ronquillo Manuel , Rosas Davila Melchor , Osorio Avalos Jorge , Palacios Riocerezo Carlos , Castelán Ortega Octavio Alonso , Chay-Canul Alfonso , Plata Reyes Dalia A.
Published: December 2021

The objective of the present study was to characterize maize silage according to chemical composition, maize silage yield, as well as their predicted milk production. A search was made on studies related to maize silage yield, density, chemical composition (DM, CP, NDF, starch), and dry matter digestibility (DMD). In this study, 41 maize varieties from temperate regions and 101 maize varieties from tropical origin were analyzed. The net energy of lactation (NEL Mcal/kg DM), kilograms of milk per t of silage (kg of milk/t DM), and kilograms of milk per hectare of silage (kg of milk/ha) were determined. A cluster (CL) analysis was performed, and six CL of maize silage were obtained. The CL1 included digestibility for dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, NEL, and kg of milk/t DM. CL2 was characterized by maize silage with the highest number of plants per hectare and NDF. CL3 included the highest ash content. CL4 consisted of intermediate values for all variables. CL5 included the highest forage yield (t DM/ha) and kg of milk/ha whereas CL6 included the highest kg of milk/t. Overall, CL1 resulted in the highest DMD and NEL, producing more milk per t DM. Results suggested that the ideal option is maize silage with a higher forage yield and more than 35 % DM (CL5) since this produces more kg of milk per hectare.
Las arvenses como hospedantes de microorganismos en un agroecosistema de sucesión Zea mays L.-Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: Blanco Valdes Yaisys , Leyva Galán Ángel , Castro Lizazo Iván
Published: December 2021

La competencia entre las plantas arvenses y los cultivos es un tema de gran interés, ya que esta interacción puede causar grandes pérdidas en la agricultura. A pesar de algunos estudios en este tema, poco se sabe sobre la importancia de los microorganismos. Las plantas arvenses tienden a presentar interacciones positivas con la microbiota del suelo, mientras que los cultivos presentan interacciones neutras o negativas. La competición entre las plantas arvenses y los cultivos promueven cambios en la comunidad microbiana del suelo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar los microorganismos de mayor relevancia en la rizófora de las principales especies de arvenses colectadas en los cultivos de maíz y frijol sembrados en sucesión durante tres años. Sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo, se condujeron seis experimentos para conocer los posibles beneficios del manejo oportuno de las arvenses en los cultivos del maíz (Zea mays L.) y del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en un sistema sucesional para lo cual se determinaron los cambios estructurales de las arvenses e influencia de estas, sobre la presencia de microorganismos. La especie dominante de arvense fue Sorghum halepense L. en ambos cultivos. Las relaciones interespecíficas arvenses-cultivos incrementaron la biodiversidad asociada al sistema productivo. Se registraron 31 especies de arvenses (15 en maíz y 16 en frijol). Amaranthus dubius L., S. halepense y Parthenium hysterophorus L. y junto a ellas, Eleusine indica L. y Lepidium virginicum L., albergaron la mayor cuantía de microorganismos en la rizósfera.
del suelo, mientras que los cultivos presentan interacciones neutras o negativas. La competición entre las plantas arvenses y los cultivos promueven cambios en la comunidad microbiana del suelo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar los microorganismos de mayor relevancia en la rizófora de las principales especies de arvenses colectadas en los cultivos de maíz y frijol sembrados en sucesión durante tres años.  Sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo, se condujeron seis experimentos para conocer los posibles beneficios del manejo oportuno de las arvenses en los cultivos del maíz (Zea mays L) y del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L) en un sistema sucesional para lo cual se determinó los cambios estructurales de las arvenses e influencia de éstas sobre la fertilidad presencia de microorganismos del suelo. La especie dominante de arvense fue Sorghum halepense (L.) en ambos cultivos. Las relaciones interespecíficas arvenses-cultivos incrementaron los nutrientes y la biodiversidad asociada al sistema productivo. Se registraron 31 especies de arvenses (15 en maíz y 16 en frijol). Amaranthus dubius Mart., Sorghum halepense (L.) y Parthenium hysterophorus (L.), y junto a ellas, Eleusine indica (L.) y Lepidium virginicum (L.), albergaron la mayor cuantía de microorganismos en la rizofera.
Soft Skills Research in Higher Education: Top 100 Scopus-Indexed Publications
Authors: Rumiantseva Olesia V.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. At present, employers’ standards for university graduates are scrutinized, obviously stepping up requirements for soft skills. The issue of modernization of university curricula or development of new ones that include soft skills development in the framework of university education is relevant. The importance of the problem makes us turn to the experiences of foreign universities. This article aims to identify the main subject areas, where much attention is paid to the issues of soft skills, as well as directions of research on students’ soft skills development between 2010 and 2020 in the framework of higher education.
Materials and Methods. ИThe study was conducted in two phases. During the first phase, we used a search strategy to identify the main subject areas of research on the topic of soft skills development in the period from 2010 to 2020. At the second phase, a study of one hundred most cited articles indexed in the Scopus database on the topic of soft skills in education was carried out. The selection was based on the inclusion and non-inclusion criteria. We used a method of content analysis. The selected articles were divided into several clusters demonstrating the research focus.
Results. The analysis of foreign studies provided information on the subject fields that essentially focus on forming soft skills. The main subject areas, where the largest number of studies on soft skills published from 2010 to 2020 were recorded, embrace social sciences, IT, engineering, business and accounting. The areas of research on students’ soft skills in the period between 2010 and 2020 were general pedagogical issues, issues of increasing employability, and different areas of education.
Discussion and Conclusion. A selection of the worldʼs best practices described in the leading articles on the formation of soft skills in education enriches the collection of methodological techniques of teachers in various specialized disciplines. The materials of the article can be useful for methodologists and teachers of professional education institutions, engaged in the formation and development of a new type of curricula, taking into account the needs of the modern labor market, and persons interested in the problems of higher education.
Russian and International Experience of Working with Personality Developing Inquiry
Authors: Rabinovich Pavel D. , Kushnir Mikhail E. , Zavedensky Kirill E. , Kremneva Lidia V. , Tsarkov Igor S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Response to challenges of actual mass demand for personalisation of education is not feasible without specification of idea, models and mechanisms of usage of “learning inquiry”, which are determined by regional, cultural, social, and historical specifics of society. Relevance of the research is based on the necessity to clarify the term “learning inquiry” to facilitate practical implementation of mechanisms of personal educational logistic realised in digital environment. The article’s objective is to present results of analysis of local and international interpretations of the term “learning inquiry” (or its equivalent) as well as practices of its formation and usage. Materials and Methods. Local and global practices (formalised education, family education, “alternative” education) have been analysed with a searching depth of 5-8 years. Searching requests: educational inquiry, personal(sized) learning inquiry, personalized education, personalized learning, student-initiated learning, selflearning, etc. The following concepts have been reviewed: subjectivity, individualisation, personalization, personification, choice theories by D. Leontiev, intermediate action theory by B. Elkonin, theory of complicated systems and personality by K. Rogers, field theory by K. Levin, concept of deep knowledge by K. Duek, etc.; models and practices of active learning based on subjective position of a student. Results. Specifics of terminology related to personalized education are determined and described. A preterm “learning request” has been introduced via system of basic principles of creation of “learning inquiry” model. It has been shown that “learning inquiry” is realized via various educational institutions. In digital environment “learning inquiry” becomes a trigger for transformation towards educational logistic. Discussion and Conclusion. Research results contribute to development of practices of construction of position by participants of educational activity, to practices of work with learning inquiry, to enable to develop mechanisms of transformation towards personal educational logistic and, therefore, to facilitate readiness of educational systems to realisation of personalized education.
Isolation and identification of peptides from Pinctada martensii with osteogenic activity
Authors: Jiang P.Y.Z. , Tian Y.F. , Liu X.Y. , Wei L.L , Bai Y.X. , Liu X.L. , Li S.B.
Published: December 2021

Marine organisms have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, peptides with osteogenic activity from Pinctada martensii were isolated and identified. Additionally, the effects of the hydrolysates on MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated using the MTT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays, respectively. First, trypsin, pancreatin, and neutral protease were used to hydrolyse the intact shellfish. The hydrolysates with the greatest effects on osteoblast proliferation and ALP activity were separated and purified. Second, fraction WP2 was isolated and purified using a Sephadex G-25 column. WP2, which had the highest osteogenic activity, increased cell growth by 48.57 ± 0.05% and ALP activity by 6.27 ± 0.07 mU. Finally, four novel peptides were identified in WP2 (FDNEGKGKLPEEY, IVLDSGDGVTH, IVLDSGDGVSH, and SSENSDLQRQ) by Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid orbital liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our findings revealed that P. martensii contains peptides with potential osteogenic activity.
EDUKASI TEKNOLOGI PANEL SURYA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK AQUAPONIK DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG PALAS KOTA DUMAI
Authors: Demeianto Bobby , Yaqin Rizqi Ilmal , Arkham Muhammad Nur , Imawan Bambang , Bastian Kenny , Mulyani Iwed
Published: December 2021

The source of electrical energy is one of the main components in everyday life. The development of technology today requires all people to be able to take advantage of renewable energy, one of which is solar energy. The solar panel is an energy conversion machine that can produce electrical energy. Coastal communities have an abundance of solar energy sources that can be utilized by solar panels as alternative electrical energy in the aquaponics system that has been built. The majority of the people of Tanjung Palas Village, Dumai City, are fishermen. So that there is a need for additional economic income besides being a fisherman. On the other hand, the community still does not understand the operation and maintenance of solar panels due to knowledge problems. Therefore education and the installation of solar panels as a source of aquaponic electricity are alternative solutions offered to the community. The educational activity of solar panels as a source of aquaponic electricity is carried out in collaboration with CSR PT Pertamina RU II Dumai with the Dumai Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic. The result of this activity is that the level of understanding of participants from per category always increases. The knowledge category increased from 39% of participants to 93% of participants, the operating category increased from 14% of participants to 94% and the care category increased from 14% of participants to 95% of participants. In addition, the level of satisfaction of the participants shows that 25% of participants are very satisfied and 75% of participants are satisfied with this activity. Recommendations for the results of activities that have been carried out are that there is a need for follow-up activities so that the community can better utilize solar panels as alternative electrical energy.
APOIO AO DOCENTE EM INÍCIO DE CARREIRA: IMPACTOS NA INDUÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DE PROFESSORES DO PROGRAMA RESIDÊNCIA DOCENTE DO COLÉGIO PEDRO II
Authors: RABELO AMANDA OLIVEIRA , MONTEIRO ANA MARIA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar a ação de indução profissional em docentes recém-formados, com foco no diálogo entre instituição de formação e escola, relacionando a ação com os seus resultados. Abordagens quantitativas, qualitativas e narrativas foram usadas para investigar docentes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e da educação infantil que participam de um programa que auxilia a indução profissional de professores recém formados, a saber: o programa piloto Residência Docente do Colégio Pedro II, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. Analisamos o impacto desse Programa na indução profissional por meio da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas focados: Investigou-se particularmente as dificuldades encontradas durante a prática pedagógica; o papel dos professores orientadores regentes (da escola básica, do Colégio Pedro II) e dos supervisores docentes do Programa e a influência deste no início da atuação profissional e nos locais onde trabalham. Por fim, esta investigação visa dar visibilidade a políticas de apoio a professores iniciantes para que possam se desenvolver profissionalmente e, até mesmo, diminuir sua desmotivação e o eventual abandono da docência, bem como contribuir para ampliar as poucas experiências existentes nessa área, no Brasil.
SER PROFESSOR, UMA CONSTRUÇÃO EM TRÊS ATOS: FORMAÇÃO, INDUÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO NA CARREIRA
Authors: ELISANGELA DA SILVA BERNADO , KATIA VASCONCELLOS
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O artigo pretende refletir acerca da construção profissional do professor em três momentos, a saber: a formação inicial, a indução nos primeiros anos de exercício profissional e o desenvolvimento por meio da formação contínua. Tais marcos têm repetidamente orientado o percurso da construção da nossa identidade docente. Desse modo, o que apresentaremos é um entretecer de pesquisas realizadas no âmbito da nossa formação em três reflexões, sendo elas: um diálogo sobre a formação inicial docente no Brasil e em Portugal; uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura sobre a indução na profissão docente e uma reflexão sobre a Formação Contínua de Professores em uma escola de tempo integral. Para a Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), apoiamo-nos em teóricos como: Nóvoa (1992; 2019); Huberman (2013), Tardif (2000) e Gatti (2010). A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e se insere no paradigma interpretativo que apresenta, dentre outras funções primárias, a identificação de conceitos por meio de um grupo de questões teóricas e metodológicas emergentes do processo de investigação. Para o desenvolvimento metodológico, utilizamos diferentes recursos, dentre os quais destacamos: as técnicas de análise documental, a organização de um protocolo que sintetiza os principais argumentos dos teóricos em seus textos e trouxemos à discussão os resultados oriundos da RSL. Como achados da pesquisa, destacamos a necessidade de uma estruturação de tempos e espaços para que aconteçam os encontros formativos, a fim de criarmos momentos de troca que apresentem significados teóricos e práticos na reflexão individual e coletiva do professor.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DE NOVOS PROFESSORES NA TRANSIÇÃO PARA O ENSINO
Authors: SHANKS RACHEL
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: Passar da formação inicial de professores para a docência pode ser difícil. Na Escócia, garante-se um ano de indução àqueles que atendem ao Padrão para Registro Provisório de Professor, o que ajuda na transição da condição de aluno para a de professor, com base na oferta de um orientador/mentor de indução e de uma carga de ensino reduzida. No entanto, após o ano de indução, a tutoria e a redução da carga de ensino cessam e não há uma assistência específica organizada, em nível de autoridade nacional ou local, para professores em início de carreira. Este artigo relata os problemas enfrentados por professores em início de carreira durante a transição de professores do ano de indução para aqueles totalmente registrados na Escócia. Durante um estudo de métodos mistos conduzido com professores do ano de indução na Escócia por dois anos, quatro participantes foram entrevistados após o primeiro ano de ensino (o qual corresponde ao primeiro ano como professor totalmente registrado). Em entrevistas semiestruturadas, os professores foram questionados sobre suas necessidades de aprendizagem e apoio profissional. Os participantes destacaram questões relacionadas à mudança de escola, ao trabalho como professor substituto, ao aprendizado através de observações, ao apoio dos colegas, ao relacionamento com os alunos e à carreira futura. A pesquisa mostra a necessidade contínua de fornecer apoio a professores em início de carreira para além do ano de indução.
Study of resveratrol against bone loss by using in-silico and in-vitro methods
Authors: Abbas S. R. , Khan R. T. , Shafique S. , Mumtaz S. , Khan A. A. , Khan A. M. , Hassan Z. , Hussain S. A. , Abbas S. , Abbas M. R. , Batool A. , Safder M. A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract By applying the in-silico method, resveratrol was docked on those proteins which are responsible for bone loss. The Molecular docking data between the resveratrol and Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-Β ligand [RANKL] receptors proved that resveratrol binds tightly to the receptors, showed the highest binding affinities of −6.9, −7.6, −7.1, −6.9, −6.7, and −7.1 kcal/mol. According to in-vitro data, Resveratrol reduced the osteoclasts after treating Marrow-Derived Macrophages [BMM] with Macrophage colony-stimulating factor [MCSF] 20ng / ml and RANKL 50ng / ml, with different concentrations of resveratrol (2.5, 10 μg / ml) For 7 days, the cells were treated with MCSF (20 ng / ml) and RANKL (40 ng / ml) together with concentrated trimethyl ether and resveratrol (2.5, 10 μg / ml) within 12 hours. Which, not affect cell survival. After fixing osteoclast cells with formaldehyde fixative on glass coverslip followed by incubation with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 min and after that stain with rhodamine phalloidin staining for actin and Hoechst for nuclei. Fluorescence microscopy was performed to see the distribution of filaments actin [F.actin]. Finally, resveratrol reduced the actin ring formation. Resveratrol is the best bioactive compound for drug preparation against bone loss.
Evaluation of indigenous plants’ extracts for mosquitocidal activity against different stages of Culex quinquefasciatus say (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Hussain A. , Ilahi I. , Ahmed H. , Niaz S. , Masood Z. , Khan T. , Khan A. , Zając Z. , Alkhaibari A. M. , Alanazi A. D.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Being vector of West Nile Virus and falariasis the control of Culex quinquefasciatus is likely to be essential. Synthetic insecticide treatment is looking most effective for vectors mosquito control. However, these products are toxic to the environment and non-target organisms. Consequently, ecofriendly control of vectors mosquito is needed. In this regard botanical insecticide is looking more fruitful. Therefore, the present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of methanolic extract and various fractions, including, n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, chloroform, and aqueous fraction, obtained from methanolic extract of Ailanthus altissima, Artemisia scoparia, and Justicia adhatoda using separating funnel against larval, pupal, and adult stages of Culex quinquefasciatus. The larvae and pupae of Culex quinquefasciatus were exposed to various concentrations (31.25-1000 ppm) of methanolic extract and its fractions for 24 hours of exposure period. For knock-down bioassay (filter paper impregnation bioassay) different concentration of the methanolic extract and its various fractions (i.e. 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1mg/mL) were applied for 1 hour exposure period. The results were statistically analysed using standard deviation, probit analysis, and linear regression. The R2 values of larvae, pupae, and adult range from 0.4 to 0.99. The values of LC50 (concentration causing 50% mortality) for late 3rd instar larvae after 24 hours exposure period range from 93-1856.7 ppm, while LC90 values range from 424 -7635.5ppm. The values of LC50for pupae range form 1326.7-6818.4ppm and and values of LC90 range from 3667.3-17427.9ppm, respectively. The KDT50 range from 0.30 to 2.8% and KDT90 values range from1.2 to 110.8%, respectively. In conclusion, Justicia adhatoda may be effective for controlling populations of vector mosquito.
Ethnomedicinal and traditional uses of the Ferns of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Irfan M. , Jan G. , Murad W. , Jan F. G. , Rauf A. , Alsayari A. , Almarhoon Z. M. , Mabkhot Y. N.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Ferns are often used by indigenous people in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This study was designed to collect the ethnomedicinal and traditional knowledge of these locals about this group of vascular plants. Forty taxa belong to nineteen genera and ten families are used in the treatment of different diseases. The Pteridaceae was the most representative family with twelve taxa (30%), followed by Athyriaceae and Dryopteridaceae with six taxa each (30%), and Thelypteridaceae with five taxa (12.5%). Regarding the genera, Adiantum, Asplenium and Dryopteris ranked first with four taxa each (30%), followed by Aleuritopteris, Diplazium, Pteris and Equisetum with three taxa each (30%), followed by Athyrium, Oeosporangium, Polystichum and Pseudophegopteris with two taxa each (20%). These taxa were commonly used in the treatment of respiratory disorders i.e. asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia; intestinal ulcer, stomach, urinary ailments and skin disorders by the methods of decoction and infusion. Traditional knowledge about ethnomedicinal plants is a valuable and essential source for the discovery of allopathic, herbal and homeopathic medicines.