bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religião, religião e conceitos sociológicos: notas críticas sobre a hermenêutica normativa da religião
Authors: Silveira Emerson José Sena
Published: December 2017

Este artigo, a partir de reflexões antropossociológicas, pretende analisar as mútuas influências entre o campo religioso e a sociedade a partir de algumas dinâmicas empíricas. São tecidas críticas aos usos semânticos de algumas categorias. Empreende também, esboços de releitura de algumas análises sociológicas clássicas do religioso. Trazendo alguns exemplos empíricos de fenômenos religiosos contemporâneos, conclui-se que é necessário, por outras vias de abordagem, compreender as interações entre os fenômenos religiosos contemporâneos e as vertiginosas mudanças sociais. Outros percursos de compreensão epistemológica podem auxiliar os estudiosos da religião a lançar novas luzes sobre as dinâmicas da religião.
Annotation of Cultivar Variations at the Multigeneic Rhg1/Rfs2 Locus:
Authors: Hemmati Melody Naghmeh Shohleh , Geisler Matthew JB , Meksem Khalid , Lightfoot David A
Published: December 2017

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) suffers yield losses due to root infection from soil infestation by  Heterodera glycine I. (soybean cyst nematode SCN) and Fusarium virguliforme (Aoki; sudden death syndrome (SDS)). The major resistance locus was the Rhg1/Rfs2 region (chr18; LG G). The aim here was to compare Sanger DNA sequence of a resistant (‘Forrest’) and two susceptible cultivars (‘Williams 82’ and ‘Asgrow A3244’). Used were sequences downloaded from GenBank (Williams 82), Phytzome (A3244) and a newly sequenced BAC-B73P06 (82,157 bp) encompassing the resistant Rfs2/Rhg1 locus. Identified were 800 SNPs  and 57 indels. In contrast the susceptible cultivars had just 12 SNPs and no indels between them. Polymorphisms were clustered within 59 kbp, divided  in three sections. There were 5 predicted recombination breakpoints. The third and fourth breakpoints were located before gene 3 and after gene 5 (Glyma18g02680; the RLK at Rhg1/Rfs2) which were therefore inferred to be Peking derived DNA within Rhg1/Rfs2 region.   Comparisons of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in Illumina sequences from 31 semi-domesticated  genomes showed 80% of the total SNPs in Forrest were found among the  genomes. Annotation and gene prediction showed the BAC gene prediction encoded 9-10 genes. There were 31 SNPs within exons and 137 among introns. Just 11 SNPs caused amino acid changes. There were 5 SNPs in CREs and 14 in promoters. Polymorphisms indicated the regions that were introgressed from Peking had defined limits. Proteins across the region were highly conserved compared to non-coding regions so infer  purifying selection occurred.
Production and characterization of pectinase enzyme from rhizopus oryzae
Authors: Chowdhury Taminur Islam , Jubayer Md. Fahad , Uddin Md. Burhan , Aziz Md. Gulzarul
Published: December 2017

The research was conducted with the production of pectinase enzyme by fungal fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae and characterization of produced enzyme with respect to pH, temperature, incubation time, and substrate specificity. Carbon source was optimized replacing sugar with different concentration of pectin (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%) during submerged fermentation. The outcomes of the fermentation process showed that media containing carbon source of 1% pectin replaced dextrose at pH 6.0 incubating for 72 hours at 35 °C were the best condition for pectinase production. The maximal activity for pectinase enzyme produced from Rhizopus oryzae by fermentation was 3.16 U.mL-1 and it was found at 40 °C and pH 6.5. The produced pectinase enzyme was found thermo stable up to 60 °C for 50 min. The activity of the enzyme was increased with the increasing pectin concentration in the media and maximum activity was found at the pectin concentration of 5 mg.mL-1. The km and Vmax values were found 0.84 mg.mL-1 and 5.294 mg.mL-1 respectively at optimized condition. The outcomes of the research may be useful for further research in low cost production of pectinases from R.oryzae for domestic consumption in many industries.
The wine market - an empicrical examination of in-store consumer behaviour
Authors: Pierański Bartłomiej , Borusiak Barbara , Horská Elena
Published: December 2017

Business success in the current highly competitive environment determines primarily the ability to understand the customer and his needs and identify the factors that influence consumer behavior. Therefore, the examination of consumer behavior and obtaining feedback on the development and state of the market as well as identifying current trends is an essential part of any successful business. Producers and traders are increasingly forced to adapt to the rapid development and changes in the market. This is especially important with food products, given the wide range of assortment, substitutability of particular groceries and strengthening competitive pressure of manufacturers and retailers. In general, consumer decision-making related to food is influenced by a number of different factors that are changing under the influence of new trends (greater emphasis on quality, country of origin etc.). Even more specific category is the wine market, which is subject to specific criteria of consumer choice, since from a consumer perspective, it is not a product of daily consumption. The world wine market is increasing; new producers as well as new groups of customers are emerging on the market. The distribution channels are becoming more diversified and wine is offered in both specialty stores and self-service outlets; hypermarkets, supermarkets and discount stores. Due to this trend the investigation of in-store consumer behavior becomes crucial. The aim of the paper is to discuss the usefulness of eye tracking based research for examining perceptions of people shelf displays. The research integrates measurements with a mobile eye camera (Eye tracker glasses) in real conditions of a wine shop in order to reveal the impact of merchandising (display of domestic and foreign wines) on the visual attention of the consumer. The results of qualitative research carried out in March 2015 will be presented.
Dynamics of lactose changes during ripening of Edam cheese
Authors: Vorlová Lenka , Prokopová Lenka , Pospí­šil Jan , Tichovský Petr , Derflerová Brázdová Zuzana , Bogdanovičová Kateřina
Published: December 2017

The published data show that milk and dairy products are an important part of the diet in the European population and the population of North America, where they cover from 20 to 30% of protein, 15% of lipids and about 80% of calcium from food sources. The exclusion of milk and dairy products from human diet due to lactose intolerance (approximately 75% of the global population are lactose malabsorbers) can cause very serious health consequences. From a public health point of view, it is therefore extremely important for diary products to capture all the facts about the fluctuation process or rather reduction of lactose content during dairy production technology. The aim of our study was to determine the lactose in various stages of Edam cheese ripening, to assess its suitability for consumption on the afflicted population. For the determination of lactose (day of production, first, second and sixth month of storage) the reference enzymatic method using the enzymatic set Megazyme International Ireland with a detection limit of 0.00296 g.100 g-1was applied. This set is intended for determination of lactose in samples presented as low-lactose or lactose-free products and is based on the hydrolysis of lactose to D-galactose and D-glucose by the enzyme β-galactosidase. After the subsequent oxidation of galactose, the amount of formed NADH (stoichiometrically related to the amount of lactose contained in the sample) is measured in a spectrophotometer at 340 nm.  According to current legislation, the lactose-free product must contain less than 10 mg of lactose per 100 g or 100 mL of the consumed product, while a product that contains up to 1 g of lactose in 100 g or 100 mL of the product consumed is considered as a product with low lactose content. The study results showed that even after one month of storage Edam cheese can be, according to current national and EU legislation, designated as a lactose-free food. This means that the consumer receives a lactose-free product whenever buying this type of cheese.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and mineral composition of low-temperature fractioning products of Malus domestica Borkh (common Antonovka)
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena , Emelyanov Alexander , Klimova Elena , Bychkova Tatyana , Vinokurov Andrey , Selifonova Natalia , Zomitev Vladislav , Brindza Ján
Published: December 2017

The low-temperature fractionation of fruit Malus domestica Borkh (Common Antonovka) has been performed. We obtained by fractionation the biologically active products that are the dehydrated concentrate of juice and the powder of pomace fibers. Use of low temperature minimizes biological value losses during processing. These fractions of fruit Malus domestica Borkh (Common Antonovka) are experimentally studied. It is found that the fractions have high antioxidant activity and include bioflavonoids and organic and phenol carboxylic acids. Analysis of chromatograms showed availability of the identical compounds in the products of low-temperature fractionation. Sodium and potassium are part of the cells of biological systems as highly mobile ionic forms. Therefore, these elements prevail in the concentrated juice. Iron, manganese, copper, and zinc are biogenic trace elements or components of enzyme systems and are evenly distributed as in plant cell walls as well in protoplasm. It follows from the results of the study of the mineral composition that the products of the low-temperature fractioning can be used for a functional food as a result of its high content of magnesium and iron. The low-temperature fractionation of fruit Malus domestica Borkh (Common Antonovka) has antimicrobial activity against the standard strains of spoilage: Bacillus subtilis VKM-B-501, Micrococcus luteus VKM-As-2230, Aspergillus flavus VKM-F-1024, Penicillium expansion VKM-F-275, Mucor mucedo VKM- F-1257, Rhizopus stolonifer VKM- F-2005. Experimental data show that the products of low-temperature fractioning of Malus domestica Borkh (Common Antonovka) inhibit microorganism's growth. The detected composition of Malus domestica Borkh (Common Antonovka) fractions allows using these products as natural additives in food technology to maintain and increase period of storage and also for preventive nutrition.
Evaluation of selected physicochemical parameters of extra virgin olive oil commercialized in the Czech market and stored during a period of 5 months
Authors: Salek Richardos Nikolaos , Burešová Iva , Kráčmar Stanislav , Lorencová Eva , Zálešáková Ludmila , Dabash Vikendra
Published: December 2017

The scope of this work was to evaluate the development of selected physicochemical parameters (free acidity, peroxide value and specific extinction coefficients in ultraviolet) of extra virgin olive oil, commercialized in the Czech market and stored for a time period of 5 months (at 20 ±5 °C). The tested extra virgin olive oil samples were stored under conditions simulating domestic and commercial storage environment, in which the impact of light and headspace volume were also examined. Moreover, all the analyzed samples fell within the established "extra virgin olive oil category", thus proving their legitimacy, authentication and excellent quality. Furthermore, all the monitored physicochemical parameters were affected by the progress of the storage period, the rising volume of headspace (due to more available oxygen in the container) and exposition to light, resulting in decreasing quality of the examined extra virgin olive oil samples. In addition, the storage of extra virgin olive oil samples in dark containers reported sufficient resistance to oxidation processes up to a period of 3 months, however, after this period signs of oil quality deterioration were reported. Nevertheless, if exposition to light occurred, accelerated decrease in the quality of the extra virgin olive oil samples was observed.
Verification of animal species in ham and salami by DNA microarray and Real time PCR methods
Authors: Drdolová Zuzana , Golian Jozef , Čurlej Jozef , Maršálková Lenka
Published: December 2017

Consumer protection and detecting of adulteration is very important and has a wide societal impact in the economic sphere. Detection of animal species in meat products and the use of combining different methods is one of the means to achieve relevant product status. The aim of this study was to reveal whether or not the products label clearly meets the content declared by producer. In our study, 29 samples of meat products such as salami and ham obtained from stores and supermarkets in Slovakia were analyzed to detect the existing animal species according to the product label the use of Chipron LCD Array Analysis System, Meat 5.0. Products in which the presence of non-declared animal species has been detected were subjected to testing by the innuDETECT PCR Real-Time Kit, repeatedly. The results showed that 20 (68.96%) samples were improperly labeled. From in total 14 tested ham samples 11 (78.57%) products exhibited non-conformity with declared composition. Tested salami samples (15) revealed 9 (60%) incorrectly labelled products. The results obtained by DNA Microarray and Real Time PCR methods were identical, and both methods should be extensively promoted for the detection of animal species in the meat and meat products.
Costs of growing wheat and oilseed rape in slovakia and other V4 countries
Authors: Hudáková Stašová Lenka , Bajus Radoslav
Published: December 2017

This paper deals with the issue of cost in primary agricultural production. In this paper, we assess the trends in the costs of agricultural products in the V4 countries and compare them with each other. The subject of the analysis is the evaluation of the structure and development of costs and benefits for agricultural production as a whole, partially for crop and for livestock production and also for two specifically selected products. The purpose is to find out whether the costs incurred for the cultivation of wheat and oilseed rape in Slovakia are adequate as they are compared with the surrounding countries. Following the evaluation of the development of total costs, we define the substantive issues in overhead costs and evaluate their development. Based on the results of the analyses we have defined the proportion of overhead costs in agriculture as an important component of total production costs. The paper points to the need to innovate and modernise the way we think about overheads and the method of their calculation. We also look for the answer to how modern cost management methods could influence their height and development. We propose to improve the calculation system of agricultural enterprises in the analysed countries by introducing of non-traditional calculation method which removes the inaccuracy of the traditional methods and the non-targeted allocation of high overheads to the products.
Evaluation and comparison of bioactive substances in selected species of the genus Allium
Authors: Kovarovič Ján , Bystrická Judita , Fehér Alexander , Lenková Marianna
Published: December 2017

Allium is a genus of some 650 species belonging to the family Liliaceae. However only a few of these are important as food plants, notably garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), leek (Allium porrum L.) and wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.). They contain many health beneficial substances, such as sulphur compounds, vitamins (vitamin C), mineral substances (Fe, Mg, Ca, P), polyphenols (especielly quercetin) and substances antioxidant activity and fiber. In this work we evaluated the content of bioactive substances, especially the content of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in several species (red onion, yellow onion, white onion, garlic, leek, wild garlic) of the genus Allium. Samples of plant material were collected at full maturity stages from Zohor (Slovak Republic). Zohor is an area without negative influences and emission sources. Samples of fresh species of the genus Allium were homogenized and prepared as an extract: 25 g cut plants material (red onion, yellow onion, white onion, garlic, leek, wild garlic) extracted with 50 mL of 80% ethanol for sixteen hours. These extracts were used for analyzes. The content of total polyphenols was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR). The absorbance was measured at 765 nm of wavelength versus blank. Antioxidant activity was measured using DPPHË™ (2,2-difenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) at 515.6 nm in the spectrophotometer. In the present experiment it was found that total polyphenols content in samples ranged from 83.59 mg.kg-1 to 758.63 mg.kg-1 and values of antioxidant activity were in the range from 7.19% to 53.55%.
Effect of selected polymorphisms of genes lep, MTHFR and FTO to BMI level and gender-specificity
Authors: Candráková Kristí­na , Trakovická Anna , Gábor Michal , Miluchová Martina , Kasarda Radovan , Moravčí­ková Nina
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of selected polymorphisms LEP (G2548A), MTHFR (C677T) and FTO (rs1121980) on body mass index in humans. In the study participated 79 people from Slovakia with some genetic relatedness. Genomic DNA was isolated from the buccal swabs using a commercial kit Qiagen DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen). The detection of SNP polymorphisms in human genes LEP, MTHFR and FTO was performed using molecular genetics methods such as PCR-RFLP and ARMS. The most common genotypes in all 3 polymorphism were found in heterozygous form (for LEP AG = 0.5190, for MTHFR CT = 0.519, for FTO CT =0.4051). The LEP gene had increased frequency of G allele (0.5506), the MTHFR gene T allele (0.6646) and FTO gene T allele (0.50635). The least frequent genotype in LEP was AA (0.1899), in MTHFR was TT (0.0759), in FTO it was CC (0.2911). According to the results we can assume that the genotypes AA (LEP G2548A), CC (FTO rs1121980) and TT (MTHFR C677T) in case of women have a protective effect on the prevalence of obesity, based on BMI, compared to the other genotypes and this polymorphism is gender-specific. Added anthropometric measurements, blood test and extension of the group in the future evaluation could increase the statistical relevance in relation to obesity and gender-specificity.
Impact of sensory marketing on consumer´s buying behaviour
Authors: Géci Andrej , Nagyová Ľudmila , Rybanská Jana
Published: December 2017

Knowing consumer's behaviour, his/her preferences and reactions provides company with better chance to establish itself in trade. While doing research, it is very important to analyse and search for answers to questions why customers do the shopping, what they buy, when, where and how often they do the shopping. The decision to buy a product or service is influenced by many factors, including not only cultural, social, psychological but also personal factors. Sensory marketing itself is coming to the foreground and more and more people are realising its position. This document is dedicated to issue which is useful not only for companies but also for consumer himself. It deals with involvement of sensory and tries to clarify their importance in business communication. The aim of research document was evaluation of senses and their influence on consumer's behaviour in shopping area. The comparison of generations and their buying habits during shopping behaviour was also important. Primary data were gained through a questionnaire which was realised on sample of 312 respondents. The impact of sensory marketing was generally aimed on factors which influence consumers while doing shopping. In questionnaire, respondents were divided into three groups/generations according to their age (young, middle aged and elder). The questionnaire research confirmed that sight was the most influenced sense when doing shopping (62%). Irrational consumer's behaviour was also confirmed. There were some differences shown among generation groups. Research confirmed that the sensory perception of these generations is different. More assumptions were formulated for a deeper analysis and their relations were verified by means of statistical test (Pearson Chi-kvadrat goodness-to-fit test). On the basis of required results was confirmed that most of customers do not realise the impact of individual senses on shopping behaviour.
Morphological characteristics for fruits of aronia mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul.
Authors: Vinogradova Yulia Konstantinovna , Grygorieva Olga , Vergun Olena , Brindza Ján
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to determine morphometric characteristics of fruits within some phenotypes of Aronia mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul. Their morphometric parameters were following: weight from 0.75 g (AM-03) to 1.52 g (AM-04), length from 9.46 mm (AM-03) to 12.73 mm (AM-04), diameter from 10.49 mm (AM-03) to 13.73 mm (AM-04), fruits number in the corymb from 11.33 (AM-07) to 20.13 (AM-03), cumulative weight of fruits in the corymb from 10.42 g (AM-07) to 21.73 g (AM-04), volume of fruits from 0.55 (AM-03) to 1.26 (AM-04) cm3. The shape index of the fruits was found in the range of 0.87 (AR-01, AR-05, AR-07) to 0.93 (AM-02). The analysis of coefficient of variation showed the difference of variability in morphological characteristics between Aronia mitschurinii samples. Data showed that the most variability of important selection characteristics are the average cumulative mass of fruits in a сorymb - from 12.34 (AM-03) to 38.61 (AM-02) % and fruit number of fruits in the сorymb - from 14.56 (AM-03) to 36.88 (AM-02) %. The other characteristics are more or less stable. The introduction population of the Aronia mitschurinii, was created in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden in Kyiv, has a sufficient potential for successful selection work.
Consumers´ purchasing preferences towards organic food in Slovakia
Authors: Kádeková Zdenka , Récky Roman , Nagyová Ľudmila , Košičiarová Ingrida , Holienčinová Mária
Published: December 2017

Submitted paper deals with the consumers´ purchasing preferences towards organic food in Slovakia, pointing at the situation on the organic food market in Slovakia finding the consumers' preferences when buying organic food. The results of the questionnaire survey identified the preferences and opinions of respondents about organic food. Paper analyses the questionnaire survey by 227 respondents concerning the purchasing preferences towards organic food in Slovakia. In order to achieve given aim and to ensure deeper analysis of the results, there had been stated 3 assumptions and 5 hypothesis. As the results of the survey proved, 65% of respondents buy organic food, of which 39% of respondents buy organic food at least once a week. Up to 98% of respondents have already met the concept of organic food and know what it means. 37 % of respondents buy mostly organic fruit and vegetables, 18% of respondents buy the most the meat and meat products in organic quality and 13% of respondents prefer dairy products in organic quality. The most preferred place to buy organic food are specialized stores (36 %),to buy organic food directly from the producer is the most popular way for 29 % of respondents, hypermarket and supermarkets are favorite place to buy organic food for 19% of respondents, and 12% of respondents buy organic food mostly in farmers´ markets. Only 4% of respondents prefer another way to buy organic food. Quality of organic food and not using the pesticides is the most important criteria for buying organic food (36%). Price has also really strong influence on purchasing decision, when 34% of respondents are the most affected by the price when purchasing organic food. Package is considered as the least important criteria when buying organic food by 72% of respondents. On the basis of provided results of our survey and formulated hypothesis which were evaluated by Chi-square goodness of fit test, Chi square test of the square contingency and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Based on research can be concluded that there is a difference in preferences of respondents. In Slovakia exists the dependence between the consumers´ preferences towards organic food and conventional food product and there are strong preferences for buying the organic food.
Detection of selected heavy metals and micronutrients in edible insect and their dependency on the feed using XRF spectrometry
Authors: Mlček Jiří­ , Adamek Martin , Adámková Anna , Borkovcová Marie , Bednářová Martina , Skácel Josef
Published: December 2017

Edible insect can be a valuable source of nutrients, but also a potential source of heavy metals. Quick detection of over-limit heavy metals concentration could be a key to processing and quick distribution of edible insect products. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feed-dependent content of heavy metals in the mealworm and superworm using the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry as an easy, cheap and a timeless screening method for evaluating the content of heavy metals and microelements. Using a handheld analyser the content of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were detected. Both analysed species proved dependency of metal content on a feed. Detected level of Cu in mealworm was between 571 mg.kg-1 and 1768 mg.kg-1 and in superworm from 571 mg.kg-1 to 1768 mg.kg-1 based on the feed. The content of Zn was similar, between 725 mg.kg-1 and 1437 mg.kg-1 in mealworm and 555-1482 mg.kg-1 in superworm. The level of Pb was below the detection limit in all samples, thus from this point of view this food seems to be safe. On the contrary, the content of Cd in the dry matter samples was above the food limit - 147 mg.kg-1 to 230 mg.kg-1. From this point of view, the samples were evaluated as unsuitable for consuming.
Effect of thermal treatment on rutin content in selected buckwheat products using calcium as an internal tracer
Authors: Krejzová Eliška , Bittová Miroslava , Kráčmar Stanislav , Vojtí­šková Petra , Kubáň Vlastimil Kubáň , Golian Jozef
Published: December 2017

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used for rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) determination in selected buckwheat products (whole meal flour, broken seeds, seed hulls, herbs and baked cereal breads). The effect of various thermal procedures on content of rutin was evaluated using calcium as an internal tracker to correct changes in mass and composition of the buckwheat products. These factors are very seldom taken into account. The results show non-significant changes in rutin levels obtained in whole meal flour and broken seed samples after thermal treatment up to 150°C. Higher temperature already caused sudden fall in the observed rutin concentrations. The evaporation of some volatile compounds and degradation products can decrease the mass of the samples and formally increase the content of rutin (35.5 ±4.7 mg per 100 g for whole meal flour and 10.2 ±0.4 mg per100 g for broken seeds at 150°C). Serious decrease of rutin contents at elevated temperatures (>150°C) can be explained by its degradation (by breaking off the C-C bond in quercetin-3-rutinoside moiety) and/or evaporation (24.3 ±1.4 mg per 100 g for whole meal flour and 3.06 ±0.3 mg per100 g for broken seeds at 180°C). In case of baked cereal breads the level of rutin changed in dependence on the ratio between buckwheat and corn flour. Longer time leaching and higher temperature implicate higher rutin content in infusions prepared from buckwheat seed hulls and herbs.
The influence of gluten-free bakery products consumption on selected anthropometric parameters
Authors: Gažarová Martina , Chlebová Zuzana , Kopčeková Jana , Lenártová Petra , Holovičová Mária
Published: December 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a short-term consumption (six weeks) of gluten-free bakery products on the anthropometric parameters. The study group was composed of volunteers from the general population and consisted of 30 healthy adults. The amount of bakery product was determined as follows: women consumed 150 - 200 grams per day; men 200 - 250 grams per day. Anthropometric measurements were made by using InBody 720, we received data such as body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), which we evaluated the presence of overweight and obesity in the monitored groups. We also observed visceral fat area (VFA). We found out that the 6-week consumption of gluten-free bread and bakery products showed a significant reduction in body weight and BMI (p <0.01), but also to a significant increase in VFA (p <0.05). By the impact of consumption we recorded the increase of body weight and BMI in 70% of participants (in 30% there was slight increase), decrease of WHR in 33% (increase in 43%) and decrease of VFA in 43% (increase in 57%). For other participants, the values remained unchanged. Two months after the termination of the consumption of gluten-free products we found out the increase of body weight and BMI, WHR remained unchanged, however in the case of VFA showed significant increase of values. We can summarize that dietary habits play a crucial role in the development of overweight and obesity and the consumption of bread and bakery products can also affect it. However, the overall effect of bread and bakery consumption on the development of overweight depends on many factors, such as the composition of the bread and bakery products and the presence of gluten.
Narrativas de “memorização” na escola normal de Porto Alegre/RS (1882)
Authors: Souza José Edimar , Grazziotin Luciane Sgarbi Santos
Published: December 2017

O objetivo foi reconstruir algumas práticas pedagógicas que compreendiam o cotidiano da Escola Normal de Porto Alegre/RS, no final do século XIX. Os documentos analisados constituem-se de vinte e duas “sabatinas” sobre memória que se encontram no acervo documental do Arquivo Histórico do Rio Grande do Sul. A reconstrução do objeto investigado, pelas lentes da história cultural, pressupõe a analise das representações registradas no momento avaliativo dessa forma de testar o conhecimento. Os aportes teóricos sustentam-se em Chartier (2002), evidenciando os usos práticos e as representações que essa didática pressupunha. As memórias “arquivadas” foram organizadas, de maneira a tornar possível compreender, através das representações narrativas de alunos da escola normal em 1882, as práticas instituídas no que se refere a cadeira de Pedagogia. Os resultados preliminares indicam que a sabatina consistia em uma forma didática da qual os professores se valiam para avaliar e instruir.
As convulsões europeias e os seus efeitos na América hispânica entre 1795 e 1815
Authors: Herrera Rémy
Published: December 2017

Este artigo propõe uma série de reflexões acerca dos elos existentes entre os eventos que ocorreram de 1795 a 1815 simultaneamente na Europa e no vasto espaço que era então a América Hispânica. Durante o período considerado, os dois anos que podem ser vistos como pontos de viragem são 1807, quando da invasão da Espanha pelos exércitos franceses de Napoleão, e 1810, quando os movimentos de independência hispano-americanos iniciaram em caráter definitivo.
Tradição e controle normativo das práticas musicais: uma análise dos paradigmas romanos e seu impacto na música católica no Brasil entre 1903 e 1963
Authors: Duarte Fernando Lacerda Simões
Published: December 2017

Compositores de música religiosa têm diante de si diversas possibilidades de assimilação de elementos musicais em seu processo criativo. O mesmo ocorre em relação à seleção de obras pelos intérpretes. Este trabalho analisa os paradigmas instituídos pelo motu proprio sobre a música sacra de Pio X, promulgado em 1903, e seus reflexos nas práticas de música religiosa no Brasil entre 1903 e 1963. Para tanto, recorre-se às noções de habitus, em Pierre Bourdieu, dos tipos weberianos de dominação, em Walter Buckley, e de modelo pré-composicional (MPC), em Sotuyo Blanco. Os resultados apontam para a existência de uma expectativa de controle institucional do tipo racional-legal, inclusive com organismos censores. Pouco compatível com as noções de habitus ou MPC, tal fenômeno demanda o desenvolvimento de um conceito específico, o de controle normativo das práticas musicais.
La música tradicional venezolana: entrevista imaginaria realizada al concertista y compositor venezolano, Eladio Mujica
Authors: Mijares Raimundo
Published: December 2017

La siguiente entrevista imaginaria realizada al compositor y concertista venezolano, Profesor, Eladio Mujica la realicé en la ciudad de Caracas un día del mes de septiembre del año 2017. Fue un ejercicio que sirvió de pretexto para acercarme en el tiempo a un creador de la música venezolana. Recordando sus inicios en el repertorio de la guitara y el cuatro, el profesor Mujica ha significado una referencia de incalculable valor para el patrimonio musical de la música tradicional venezolana. Nuestra amistad se forjó en la ciudad de Porlamar cuando concurríamos al Complejo Cultural Modesta Bor en busca de conocimientos que lograsen colmar nuestras expectativas en las carreras que cada uno tenía en un horizonte no muy lejano. Nuestros pasos se separaron por aquellos años a finales de 1970 cuando Él, en el área de la música y mi persona en las artes del teatro y de regreso a Caracas, decido quedarme en la capital para desarrollar mi carrera en el ejercicio teatral, sin regresar por largo tiempo a la región espartana y sin enterarme certeramente de su paradero. No obstante, los caminos se juntan y precisamente en los actuales momentos, cuando una persona amiga de ambos logra informarme de su persona, de lo que está haciendo y es en esos instantes cuando afloran aquellos recuerdos maravillosos de pretéritos años en tierras margariteñas, cuando juntos jugábamos a ser héroes. De esas añoranzas nace la disposición de realizar esta entrevista a mi amigo, enaltecida por el aprecio, admiración y respeto hacia la persona que es, Eladio Mujica. El tema de la entrevista escogido giró en torno a la música tradicional venezolana relacionándolo con los cuatro puntos cardinales de la geografía. Ese paneo por el pentagrama de la creación musical nacional es motivo de inspiración e identidad; demostrando la riqueza que reside, permanece y se expresa poniendo en evidencia la herencia y evolución histórica de cada una de esas expresiones.
Programas de concerto como fontes relevantes para a historiografia da música – tensões e ideologias com base em repertórios musicais na cidade de Curitiba (1945-1963)
Authors: De Medeiros Alan Rafael
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo realizou uma investigação baseada em programas de concerto como fonte primária, analisando o posicionamento estético da instituição de promoção musical Sociedade de Cultura Artística Brasílio Itiberê (SCABI) por meio do repertório disseminado em Curitiba-PR. A partir do levantamento quantitativo de obras dos compositores e suas respectivas vinculações estéticas ao longo de cada temporada artística da SCABI (1945-1963), é possível confirmar uma prática de repertório enraizada na tradição musical do século XIX com incursões na produção nacionalista. Acredita-se que tal atuação revela um movimento no sentido de oportunizar a internalização de um tipo de repertório institucionalizado, justificando o nacionalismo sem entretanto romper com o repertório canônico da tradição europeia, em momento nítido de tensões no campo da música de concerto entre o nacionalismo x universalismo.
Mediações como espaço de discurso: a MPB e a formação de uma ideia de “integração nacional”
Authors: Machado Neto Diósnio
Published: December 2017

Resenha
Um relato de experiência sobre a introdução da modelagem de processo de negócio para entendimento e validação de requisitos de um sistema de informação para gestão de vertedouro
Authors: Scherer Lyssa Priscyla , Rizzi Rogério Luis , Rizzi Claudia Brandelero , Da Silva Ivonei Freitas , Pramiu Pétterson Vinícius
Published: December 2017

Este artigo apresenta discussões sobre a utilização de Business Process Management Notation (BPMN) para a compreensão da dinâmica de um Sistema de Informações voltado à Gestão de Vertedouros de Usinas Hidrelétricas, que embarca uma metodologia experimental específica para quantificação de desgaste superficial. Como resultado geral do trabalho, o processo de construção dos diagramas utilizando a notação BMPN viabilizou importante discussão entre a equipe de desenvolvedores e especialistas do domínio. Os diagramas contribuíram para validar o documento de requisitos e também o protótipo do Sistema, que estão sendo devidamente atualizados. Destaca-se a importância da aplicação da execução do BPMN que viabilizou a análise dos requisitos elicitados e documentados e também a análise do protótipo implementado, possibilitando identificar requisitos não previstos, incompletos, inconsistentes, ambíguos ou incorretos para o Sistema em questão. Os diagramas contribuem também para facilitar e agilizar a inserção de novos integrantes à equipe de desenvolvedores.
Geração automática de testes em um processo de Model Driven Development: um exemplo de utilização da ferramenta Sikuli
Authors: Neves Romulo De Almeida , Watanabe Willian Massami
Published: December 2017

Contexto: Model Driven Development (MDD) eleva a importância de modelos dentro do ciclo de vida do software, incorporando-os como parte integrante do produto final por meio de técnicas de modelagem e geração de código, com isso, parte da complexidade do software fica
escondida dentro de geradores. Problema: Mesmo com a utilização do processo MDD, o custo associado à elaboração de casos de teste ainda é alto. Objetivo: Automatizar a geração de casos de teste incorporando o Model Driven Testing (MDT) em um processo MDD já existente a fim de
gerar automaticamente casos de teste de aceitação para um sistema legado. Justificativa: Garantir a qualidade do software gerado através de um processo de geração de código e reduzir o tempo geral do
ciclo de vida do software. Método: Foi realizado uma prova de conceito como forma de validar o objetivo deste trabalho e avaliar a efetividade da abordagem de teste utilizando a métrica de Code Coverage
dos casos de testes gerados automaticamente. Resultados: Para este estudo foram selecionados cinco Graphical User Interface (GUIs), na qual a GUI Seguradoras obteve 98% de cobertura de código
pelos casos de teste, Moeda obteve 94,39%, Fornecedor com 95,04%, Tipo do item com 95,95% e por fim a GUI Classificação Contábil obteve 95,91% de cobertura dos casos de teste.
Estratégias para melhorar a experiência de jogo do jogador idoso
Authors: Silva Rômulo Batista , Ishitani Lucila
Published: December 2017

Os idosos, uma parcela da população que tem aumentado no decorrer dos anos, estão apresentando interesse crescente por jogos digitais. Entretanto, quase não existem jogos desenvolvidos para esse público. Este trabalho baseia-se na experiência de fluxo como fator significativo a ser considerado na criação de jogos dirigidos à terceira idade. Dessa forma, o objetivo é propor estratégias para melhorar a experiência do jogador idoso. Para cumprir o objetivo foi analisada a experiência de dois grupos de idosos durante a utilização de jogos digitais por meio de diários, entrevistas, observações e questionários, baseando a metodologia na abordagem de estudo de caso e usando a teoria fundamentada e técnicas estatísticas para as análises. Os resultados indicaram que a experiência de fluxo é importante para os jogadores idosos e permitiram identificar dois novos elementos considerados significativos, além de confirmar a importância da Teoria da Diversão para este público. As principais contribuições são possibilitar a criação de jogos voltados para a terceira idade capazes de aumentar qualitativamente e quantitativamente experiências como a diversão e o envolvimento, e permitir-lhes o contato com uma opção de lazer, aprendizado e de aproximação com a tecnologia.
Analisando uma técnica de elicitação baseada na criatividade combinacional - um estudo comparativo
Authors: Silva Lyrene Fernandes , Pinto Rafael , Lucena Márcia
Published: December 2017

Diante da crescente competitividade do mercado, a Engenharia de Requisitos tem buscado, através de técnicas de criatividade, fornecer meios para elicitação de requisitos úteis e inovadores. Dentre estas técnicas há a criatividade combinacional, que possibilita a produção de novas ideias através da combinação de ideias antigas não familiares. Trabalhos nesta linha têm demonstrado bons resultados, mas poucos comparam esta técnica com outras. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é comparar os resultados alcançados na elicitação usando e não usando uma abordagem combinacional. A elicitação teve a participação de 17 usuários assíduos de um sistema acadêmico, dos quais 9 utilizaram a abordagem combinacional e 8 uma abordagem baseada em entrevista. A elicitação foi realizada numa reunião, na qual os participantes criaram, individualmente, 42 requisitos válidos, 21 por cada técnica. Destes, apenas 9 foram avaliados como úteis e originais. Em termos quantitativos, não houve grande diferença na quantidade de requisitos ao mesmo tempo úteis e originais que foram gerados pelas duas técnicas. Entretanto, mais requisitos úteis foram gerados com a técnica de entrevista. Em termos qualitativos, os participantes sugeriram que uma abordagem mista facilitaria a elaboração de ideias inovadoras.
Analisando métodos e oportunidades em redes definidas por software (SDN) para otimizações de tráfego de dados
Authors: Andrioli Leandro , Righi Rodrigo Da Rosa , Aubin Mateus Rauback
Published: December 2017

Redes de computadores são dinâmicas e requerem constante atualização e monitoramento de operações para atender ao crescente volume de dados trafegados. Isso gera diversos problemas de custo, bem como no gerenciamento e ajuste de desempenho para oferecer uma qualidade de serviço (QoS) granular, balancear a carga dos dados e controlar a ocorrência de congestionamentos. Como alternativa, um novo paradigma de rede programáveis vem sendo utilizado sob o nome de Redes Definidas por Software (SDN). A SDN consiste no desacoplamento do plano de dados e controle da rede, onde um controlador programável é responsável por gerenciar regras para o encaminhamento dos dados para diversos dispositivos. Assim, o hardware que fica no fluxo de dados da rede simplesmente endereça o encaminhamento dos pacotes de forma rápida de acordo com essas regras. Nesse contexto, esse artigo conduz um estudo sobre diferentes métodos e abordagens que estão sendo utilizados na literatura para solucionar problemas na otimização do tráfego de dados na rede através do uso de SDN. Em particular, o presente estudo se diferencia de outras revisões sobre SDN pois foca em questões como QoS, balanceamento de carga e controle de congestionamento. Por fim, além da revisão do estrado-da-arte de SDN perante as áreas mencionadas, apresenta-se também um levantamento de desafios futuros e oportunidades de pesquisa na área.
Estudo do tempo de processamento para análises do comportamento mecânico de córneas via simulações numéricas
Authors: Almeida Paulo Roberto de , Magalhães Ricardo Rodrigues
Published: December 2017

A córnea e a esclera formam a superfície externa do globo ocular, proporcionando proteção aos componentes internos e mantendo o formato de refração do olho. A estrutura da córnea é composta de epitélio, endotélio e estroma, sendo este último o principal responsável pelas características mecânicas da córnea. Estudos biomecânicos envolvendo o Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) podem revelar características mecânicas importantes da córnea, porém estes estudos normalmente requerem alto custo computacional. Este trabalho propõe um estudo do tempo de processamento para análises do comportamento mecânico de córneas humanas via MEF, levando-se em consideração modelos computacionais com baixa complexidade. As simulações foram realizadas utilizando um software comercial de análise de elementos finitos para medir o deslocamento no ponto central da córnea, em que variou-se a quantidade de elementos e nós dos modelos, com o objetivo de comparar os resultados.
Verificando a compreensão do BPMN com gestores de negócio
Authors: Mendoza Vanessa Yadira , Silveira Denis Silva da
Published: December 2017

Engenheiros, artistas e artesões têm criado modelos há muito tempo para experimentar projetos antes de executá-los. Isso faz com que as ideias e soluções propostas nos modelos se tornem claras o suficiente para serem percebidas ou entendidas. De forma análoga, a utilização dos modelos de processos de negócio pode contribuir para a especificação dos requisitos de software, facilitando o entendimento e a comunicação do negócio do ponto de vista dos projetistas de software, bem como dos gestores. No entanto, há poucas pesquisas que examinam se os modelos de processos de negócio em BPMN são mais eficazes em sua compreensão do que outras representações, como por exemplo, as descrições textuais. Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada com pessoas da área de gestão, que conhecem e que não conhecem BPMN, para verificar se há diferenças significativas em termos da compreensão dos modelos BPMN em comparação com uma representação textual. Os resultados encontrados mostram que a compreensão dos modelos BPMN pode refletir uma perda de comunicação entre os gestores, aqueles que entendem do negócio, e os desenvolvedores, profissionais da área de computação que consolidam os processos em requisitos de software.
Predição do tempo de vida de baterias utilizadas em dispositivos móveis: modelagem matemática e validação de modelos baseados em cinética e difusão unidimensional
Authors: Freitas Douglas Joziel Bitencourt , Sausen Paulo Sérgio , Sausen Airam Teresa Zago Romcy
Published: December 2017

Neste artigo são apresentadas a modelagem matemática e a validação de dois modelos analíticos: Modelo Cinético de Bateria e Modelo de Difusão de Rakhmatov e Vrudhula, ambos empregados para predição do tempo de vida de baterias de Li-Po, utilizadas em dispositivos móveis, uma vez que esses modelos não foram desenvolvidos com foco em baterias de pequena capacidade. O interesse pela aplicação dos modelos analíticos ocorre devido a sua simplicidade matemática, e por capturarem dois efeitos não lineares importantes, a taxa de capacidade e o efeito de recuperação, a partir de equações diferenciais solúveis por métodos analíticos tradicionais. Destaca-se que esse trabalho objetiva fornecer aos projetistas de smartphones modelos matemáticos acurados, que podem ser utilizados para aperfeiçoar os Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Energia desses aparelhos. Além disso, diferentemente de outros trabalhos da literatura que empregam perfis de correntes de descarga constantes ao longo do tempo, esta pesquisa visa representar um cenário realístico, a partir de perfis de correntes de descarga variáveis. Os modelos foram simulados e validados por comparação entre os resultados das simulações computacionais e os dados experimentais de descargas de baterias, obtidos a partir de uma plataforma de testes especialmente construída para a coleta de dados. Os resultados das simulações comprovam que o Modelo de Difusão obteve o menor erro médio de 1,55%, quando comparado aos demais modelos analisados na predição do tempo de vida de baterias do tipo Li-Po.
Editorial
Authors: Hölbig Carlos Amaral
Published: December 2017

Apresentação do vigésimo primeiro número da Revista Brasileira de Computação Aplicada por parte do editor da revista.