bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin induces differentiation and shows synergistic cytotoxicity with other epigenetic drugs in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Lai Y-S , Chen J-Y , Tsai H-J , Chen T-Y , Hung W-C
Published: May 2015

Epigenetic modifying enzymes have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 by the methyltransferase G9a and SUV39H1 is associated with inhibition of tumor suppressor genes. We studied the effect of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors on viability and differentiation of AML cells and tested the cytotoxicity induced by combination of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors and various epigenetic drugs. The SUV39H1 inhibitor (chaetocin) and the G9a inhibitor (UNC0638) caused cell death in AML cells at high concentrations. However, only chaetocin-induced CD11b expression and differentiation of AML cells at non-cytotoxic concentration. HL-60 and KG-1a cells were more sensitive to chaetocin than U937 cells. Long-term incubation of chaetocin led to downregulation of SUV39H1 and reduction of H3K9 tri-methylation in HL-60 and KG-1a cells. Combination of chaetocin with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) or JQ (a BET (bromodomain extra terminal) bromodomain inhibitor) showed synergistic cytotoxicity. Conversely, no synergism was found by combining chaetocin and UNC0638. More importantly, chaetocin-induced differentiation and combined cytotoxicity were also found in the primary cells of AML patients. Collectively, the SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin alone or in combination with other epigenetic drugs may be effective for the treatment of AML.
Altitudinal patterns of diversity and functional traits of metabolically active microorganisms in stream biofilms
Authors: Wilhelm Linda , Besemer Katharina , Fragner Lena , Peter Hannes , Weckwerth Wolfram , Battin Tom J
Published: May 2015

Resources structure ecological communities and potentially link biodiversity to energy flow. It is commonly believed that functional traits (generalists versus specialists) involved in the exploitation of resources depend on resource availability and environmental fluctuations. The longitudinal nature of stream ecosystems provides changing resources to stream biota with yet unknown effects on microbial functional traits and community structure. We investigated the impact of autochthonous (algal extract) and allochthonous (spruce extract) resources, as they change along alpine streams from above to below the treeline, on microbial diversity, community composition and functions of benthic biofilms. Combining bromodeoxyuridine labelling and 454 pyrosequencing, we showed that diversity was lower upstream than downstream of the treeline and that community composition changed along the altitudinal gradient. We also found that, especially for allochthonous resources, specialisation by biofilm bacteria increased along that same gradient. Our results suggest that in streams below the treeline biofilm diversity, specialisation and functioning are associated with increasing niche differentiation as potentially modulated by divers allochthonous and autochthonous constituents contributing to resources. These findings expand our current understanding on biofilm structure and function in alpine streams.
Crystallization seeds favour crystallization only during initial growth
Authors: Allahyarov E. , Sandomirski K. , Egelhaaf S.U. , Löwen H.
Published: May 2015

Crystallization represents the prime example of a disorder–order transition. In realistic situations, however, container walls and impurities are frequently present and hence crystallization is heterogeneously seeded. Rarely the seeds are perfectly compatible with the thermodynamically favoured crystal structure and thus induce elastic distortions, which impede further crystal growth. Here we use a colloidal model system, which not only allows us to quantitatively control the induced distortions but also to visualize and follow heterogeneous crystallization with single-particle resolution. We determine the sequence of intermediate structures by confocal microscopy and computer simulations, and develop a theoretical model that describes our findings. The crystallite first grows on the seed but then, on reaching a critical size, detaches from the seed. The detached and relaxed crystallite continues to grow, except close to the seed, which now prevents crystallization. Hence, crystallization seeds facilitate crystallization only during initial growth and then act as impurities.
Rapid and retrievable recording of big data of time-lapse 3D shadow images of microbial colonies
Authors: Ogawa Hiroyuki , Nasu Senshi , Takeshige Motomu , Saito Mikako , Matsuoka Hideaki
Published: May 2015

We formerly developed an automatic colony count system based on the time-lapse shadow image analysis (TSIA). Here this system has been upgraded and applied to practical rapid decision. A microbial sample was spread on/in an agar plate with 90 mm in diameter as homogeneously as possible. We could obtain the results with several strains that most of colonies appeared within a limited time span. Consequently the number of colonies reached a steady level (Nstdy) and then unchanged until the end of long culture time to give the confirmed value (Nconf). The equivalence of Nstdy and Nconf as well as the difference of times for Nstdy and Nconf determinations were statistically significant at p < 0.001. Nstdy meets the requirement of practical routines treating a large number of plates. The difference of Nstdy and Nconf, if any, may be elucidated by means of retrievable big data. Therefore Nconf is valid for official documentation.
Radial Wettable Gradient of Hot Surface to Control Droplets Movement in Directions
Authors: Feng Shile , Wang Sijie , Tao Yuanhao , Shang Weifeng , Deng Siyan , Zheng Yongmei , Hou Yongping
Published: May 2015

A radial wettable gradient was fabricated on the surface of graphite plate by a simple one-step anodic oxidation process. It was found that the direction and value of the wettable gradient could be easily controlled by adjusting current and oxidation time gradient. With the increase of surface temperature, droplets on surface not only exhibited the transition of boiling mode, but also showed the controlled radial spreading, evaporation and movement behaviors. These phenomena could be attributed to the cooperation of wettability force, hysteresis force and vapor pressure (Leidenfrost effect). Especially, the controlled radial convergence or divergence of droplets with high velocity were realized on the surfaces with either inside or outside radial gradient, which would have crucial applications in the design of microfluidic devices and the exploration of the biotechnology.
CfLec-3 from scallop: an entrance to non-self recognition mechanism of invertebrate C-type lectin
Authors: Yang Jialong , Huang Mengmeng , Zhang Huan , Wang Lingling , Wang Hao , Wang Leilei , Qiu Limei , Song Linsheng
Published: May 2015

A C-type lectin (CfLec-3) from Chlamys farreri with three carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) was selected to dissect the possible mechanisms of PAMP binding and functional differentiation of invertebrate lectins. CfLec-3 distributed broadly and its mRNA expression in hemocytes increased significantly after stimulations with LPS, PGN or β-glucan, but not poly(I:C). The recombinant CfLec-3 (rCfLec-3) could bind PAMPs and several microbes. rCfLec-3 mediated hemocytes phagocytosis against Escherichia coli and encapsulation towards agarose beads. Obvious functional differentiation occurred among the three CRDs, as CRD1 exhibited higher activity to bind PAMPs, while CRD2/3 were expert in promoting hemocyte mediated opsonisation. The tertiary structural differences were suspected to be associated with such functional differentiation. PAMP binding abilities of CfLec-3 were determined by Ca2+-binding site 2 motif. When Pro in this motif of each CRD was mutated into Ser, their PAMP binding abilities were deprived absolutely. rCRD2 acquired mannan binding capability when its EPD was replaced by EPN, but lost when EPN in rCRD3 was changed into EPD. The Pro in Ca2+-binding site 2 was indispensable for PAMPs binding, while Asn was determinant for specific binding to mannan. It shed new insight into PAMPs binding mechanism of invertebrate C-type lectins and their functional differentiation.
Functional Characterization of Novel Sesquiterpene Synthases from Indian Sandalwood, Santalum album
Authors: Srivastava Prabhakar Lal , Daramwar Pankaj P. , Krithika Ramakrishnan , Pandreka Avinash , Shankar S. Shiva , Thulasiram Hirekodathakallu V.
Published: May 2015

Indian Sandalwood, Santalum album L. is highly valued for its fragrant heartwood oil and is dominated by a blend of sesquiterpenes. Sesquiterpenes are formed through cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), catalyzed by metal dependent terpene cyclases. This report describes the cloning and functional characterization of five genes, which encode two sesquisabinene synthases (SaSQS1, SaSQS2), bisabolene synthase (SaBS), santalene synthase (SaSS) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (SaFDS) using the transcriptome sequencing of S. album. Using Illumina next generation sequencing, 33.32 million high quality raw reads were generated, which were assembled into 84,094 unigenes with an average length of 494.17 bp. Based on the transcriptome sequencing, five sesquiterpene synthases SaFDS, SaSQS1, SaSQS2, SaBS and SaSS involved in the biosynthesis of FPP, sesquisabinene, β-bisabolene and santalenes, respectively, were cloned and functionally characterized. Novel sesquiterpene synthases (SaSQS1 and SaSQS2) were characterized as isoforms of sesquisabinene synthase with varying kinetic parameters and expression levels. Furthermore, the feasibility of microbial production of sesquisabinene from both the unigenes, SaSQS1 and SaSQS2 in non-optimized bacterial cell for the preparative scale production of sesquisabinene has been demonstrated. These results may pave the way for in vivo production of sandalwood sesquiterpenes in genetically tractable heterologous systems.
Impact of land use type conversion on carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems of China: A spatial-temporal perspective
Authors: Zhang Mei , Huang Xianjin , Chuai Xiaowei , Yang Hong , Lai Li , Tan Junzhong
Published: May 2015

Our work is the first study to explore the national and provincial composite carbon storage variations in terrestrial ecosystems of China caused by the entire flows of land use type conversion (LUTC). Only water body was excluded. The results indicated that terrestrial ecosystems of China lost 219 Tg-C due to LUTC from 1980 to 1995 and the amount was 60 Tg-C during the period 1995-2010. Despite the decrease in the total amount, carbon losses from LUTC intensified, but most of the losses were balanced by the opposite conversions. Our analyses also revealed that LUTCs in China were becoming detrimental to carbon reduction, mainly due to the insufficient increase of forest land to meet the growing demand for carbon absorption, the accelerating disappearance of grassland and the rapid expansion of settlements. More than 50% of the carbon storage variations for a single LUTC flow concentrated in several provinces. To improve China’s LUTC status from the aspect of low-carbon, Heilongjiang, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang and coastal regions, such as Shandong, Jiangsu and Liaoning, should be dealt with first according to their conditions. This study can be helpful to planners, policy makers and scholars concerned about carbon reduction in China.
A biochemical network can control formation of a synthetic material by sensing numerous specific stimuli
Authors: Hun Yeon Ju , Chan Karen Y. T. , Wong Ting-Chia , Chan Kelvin , Sutherland Michael R. , Ismagilov Rustem F. , Pryzdial Edward L. G. , Kastrup Christian J.
Published: May 2015

Developing bio-compatible smart materials that assemble in response to environmental cues requires strategies that can discriminate multiple specific stimuli in a complex milieu. Synthetic materials have yet to achieve this level of sensitivity, which would emulate the highly evolved and tailored reaction networks of complex biological systems. Here we show that the output of a naturally occurring network can be replaced with a synthetic material. Exploiting the blood coagulation system as an exquisite biological sensor, the fibrin clot end-product was replaced with a synthetic material under the biological control of a precisely regulated cross-linking enzyme. The functions of the coagulation network remained intact when the material was incorporated. Clot-like polymerization was induced in indirect response to distinct small molecules, phospholipids, enzymes, cells, viruses, an inorganic solid, a polyphenol, a polysaccharide and a membrane protein. This strategy demonstrates for the first time that an existing stimulus-responsive biological network can be used to control the formation of a synthetic material by diverse classes of physiological triggers.
Neurological morphofunctional differentiation induced by REAC technology in PC12. A neuro protective model for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Maioli Margherita , Rinaldi Salvatore , Migheli Rossana , Pigliaru Gianfranco , Rocchitta Gaia , Santaniello Sara , Basoli Valentina , Castagna Alessandro , Fontani Vania , Ventura Carlo , Serra Pier Andrea
Published: May 2015

Research for the use of physical means, in order to induce cell differentiation for new therapeutic strategies, is one of the most interesting challenges in the field of regenerative medicine and then in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson’s disease (PD) included. The aim of this work is to verify the effect of the radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology on the PC12 rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line, as they display metabolic features of PD. PC12 cells were cultured with a REAC regenerative tissue optimization treatment (TO-RGN) for a period ranging between 24 and 192 hours. Gene expression analysis of specific neurogenic genes, as neurogenin-1, beta3-tubulin and Nerve growth factor, together with the immunostaining analysis of the specific neuronal protein beta3-tubulin and tyrosine hydroxylase, shows that the number of cells committed toward the neurogenic phenotype was significantly higher in REAC treated cultures, as compared to control untreated cells. Moreover, MTT and Trypan blue proliferation assays highlighted that cell proliferation was significantly reduced in REAC TO-RGN treated cells. These results open new perspectives in neurodegenerative diseases treatment, particularly in PD. Further studies will be needed to better address the therapeutic potential of the REAC technology.
Explicit solvent simulations of the aqueous oxidation potential and reorganization energy for neutral molecules: gas phase, linear solvent response, and non-linear response contributions
Authors: Guerard Jennifer J. , Tentscher Peter R. , Seijo Marianne , Samuel Arey J.
Published: May 2015

Explicit solvent simulations are used to partition the aqueous adiabatic ionization potential (AIEaq) into the gas phase adiabatic ionization energy (AIEgas), linear solvent response (ΔΔGLRAsolv), and non-linear solvent response (ΔΔΔGnon-LRsolv) contributions.
Carbon cycle in advanced coal chemical engineering
Authors: Yi Qun , Li Wenying , Feng Jie , Xie Kechang
Published: May 2015

This review highlights possible routes, principle, and potential for the carbon cycle (CO2) in advanced coal chemical engineering.
Topological events in single molecules of E. coli DNA confined in nanochannels
Authors: Reifenberger Jeffrey G. , Dorfman Kevin D. , Cao Han
Published: May 2015

Complex structures are detected in molecules of DNA confined in nanochannels by searching for bright regions in the YOYO signal.
Sensitive, quantitative, and high-throughput detection of angiogenic markers using shape-coded hydrogel microparticles
Authors: Al-Ameen Mohammad Ali , Li Ji , Beer David G. , Ghosh Gargi
Published: May 2015

Demonstration of the application of shape coded hydrogel microparticles for multiplexed detection of angiogenic molecules. Utilization of single fluorophore eliminates the spectral overlap associated with microparticle based multiplexed analysis.
On-chip gradient generation in 256 microfluidic cell cultures: simulation and experimental validation
Authors: Somaweera Himali , Haputhanthri Shehan O. , Ibraguimov Akif , Pappas Dimitri
Published: May 2015

A microfluidic diffusion diluter was used to create a stable concentration gradient for dose response studies.
Recent developments in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions for ion sensing
Authors: Herzog Grégoire
Published: May 2015

The most recent developments on electrochemical sensing of ions at the liquid–liquid interface are reviewed here.
Highly sensitive determination of reduced glutathione based on a cobalt nanoparticle implanted-modified indium tin oxide electrode
Authors: Wang Tong , Su Wen , Xiao Zhengjun , Hao Shuang , Li Yuanchun , Hu Jingbo
Published: May 2015

Cobalt nanoparticle modified indium tin oxide (CoNP/ITO) electrodes fabricated by ion implantation were applied for the detection of reduced glutathione (GSH).
DNA-functionalized upconversion nanoparticles as biosensors for rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Hg2+ in complex matrices
Authors: Huang Li-Jiao , Yu Ru-Qin , Chu Xia
Published: May 2015

DNA-functionalizable upconversion biosensors for the sensitive and selective determination of Hg2+ ions in complex matrices.
Electrochemical nanoparticle–enzyme sensors for screening bacterial contamination in drinking water
Authors: Chen Juhong , Jiang Ziwen , Ackerman Jonathan D. , Yazdani Mahdieh , Hou Singyuk , Nugen Sam R. , Rotello Vincent M.
Published: May 2015

A simple, sensitive and rapid electrochemical method for bacterial detection in drinking water is developed based on gold nanoparticle–enzyme complexes.
A highly sensitive and direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in infant supplies
Authors: Zhang Mingcui , Hong Wentong , Wu Xiayu , Zhang Yue , Li Fengzhu , Zhao Su-Qing
Published: May 2015

A sensitive and specific direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dc-ELISA) was studied in this paper for the detection of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) based on an antigen-coating format.
A simple and precise LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3and D2without interference from the C3epimer
Authors: Wang Siming , Wang Shu , Yang Ruiyue , Zhou Weiyan , Li Hongxia , Dong Jun , Chen Wenxiang
Published: May 2015

The protocol provides a simple and precise determination of serum 25-hydroxyvitamins D3and D2without interference from the C3epimer, which can be applied to the clinical measurement and research.
Efficient biological conversion of carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and for utilization in bioplastic production by Ralstonia eutropha through the display of an enzyme complex on the cell surface
Authors: Hyeon Jeong Eun , Kim Seung Wook , Park Chulhwan , Han Sung Ok
Published: May 2015

An enzyme complex was anchored on the cell surface ofRalstonia eutrophaand successfully resulted in a 3.3-fold increase in CO conversion efficiency.
Photocatalytic metal–organic frameworks for the aerobic oxidation of arylboronic acids
Authors: Yu Xiao , Cohen Seth M.
Published: May 2015

A photocatalytic Ru complex was incorporated into a Zr(iv)-based MOF via postsynthetic methods, to give an efficient and recyclable catalytic material for the aerobic oxidation of arylboronic acids under light irradiation.
Facile preparation of smooth perovskite films for efficient meso/planar hybrid structured perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Meng , Yu Hua , Yun Jung-Ho , Lyu Miaoqiang , Wang Qiong , Wang Lianzhou
Published: May 2015

Smooth organolead halide perovskite films were prepared by a facile blow-drying method in ambient air for achieving efficient and low cost meso/planar hybrid structured perovskite solar cells.
Enabling [18F]-bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne for oligonucleotide conjugation for positron emission tomography applications: [18F]-anti-microRNA-21 as an example
Authors: Li Xiang-Guo , Roivainen Anne , Bergman Jörgen , Heinonen Arttu , Bengel Frank , Thum Thomas , Knuuti Juhani
Published: May 2015

Bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN)-based inverse electron demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) conjugation for 18F-labeling of oligonucleotides!
Dispersion, solvent and metal effects in the binding of gold cations to alkynyl ligands: implications for Au(i) catalysis
Authors: Ciano Luisa , Fey Natalie , Halliday Connor J. V. , Lynam Jason M. , Milner Lucy M. , Mistry Nimesh , Pridmore Natalie E. , Townsend Nell S. , Whitwood Adrian C.
Published: May 2015

The ability of gold(i) cations to coordinate to alkynyl ligands allows for the formation of di- and trinuclear scaffolds. This reinforces the notion that multiple gold coordination may play a key role in catalysis.
Synthesis of amphiphilic polysuccinimide star copolymers for responsive delivery in plants
Authors: Chen Mingsheng , Jensen Shaun P. , Hill Megan R. , Moore Gloria , He Zhenli , Sumerlin Brent S.
Published: May 2015

While polymeric nano-carriers are widely used in medicine for controlled release and site-specific delivery, few reports have applied such delivery methods within agriculture. We report the synthesis of polymeric nano-carriers designed for delivery to the phloem of plants and describe novel methods for evaluating toxicity of polymers in plant cells.
“Click” post-functionalization of a metal–organic framework for engineering active single-site heterogeneous Ru(iii) catalysts
Authors: Wu Suntao , Chen Liyu , Yin Biaolin , Li Yingwei
Published: May 2015

A terpyridyl NNN-chelator has been successfully incorporated into MIL-101(Cr) by using a click post-synthetic modification method, offering a useful platform for metalation to prepare highly active and stable single-site heterogeneous catalysts.
A microwave-facilitated rapid synthesis of gold nanoclusters with tunable optical properties for sensing ions and fluorescent ink
Authors: Zhang Jia , Yuan Yue , Liang Gaolin , Arshad Muhammad Nadeem , Albar Hassan A. , Sobahi Tariq R. , Yu Shu-Hong
Published: May 2015

Luminescent gold nanoclusters with tunable emissions for sensing ions and fluorescent ink can be efficiently synthesized using a solution-based microwave method.
Serine O-sulfation probed by IRMPD spectroscopy
Authors: Paciotti Roberto , Coletti Cecilia , Re Nazzareno , Scuderi Debora , Chiavarino Barbara , Fornarini Simonetta , Crestoni Maria Elisa
Published: May 2015

The gas phase structures of (de)protonatedO-sulfoserine ions have been revealed by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and computations.
Molecular and ionic diffusion in aqueous – deep eutectic solvent mixtures: probing inter-molecular interactions using PFG NMR
Authors: D’Agostino Carmine , Gladden Lynn F. , Mantle Mick D. , Abbott Andrew P. , Ahmed Essa, I. , Al-Murshedi Azhar Y. M. , Harris Robert C.
Published: May 2015

Diffusional studies in deep eutectic solvent–water mixtures suggest that in many cases the fluids do not act as homogeneous mixtures and there is a complex behaviour between the cation, hydrogen bond donor and water.
Experimental determination of the partitioning coefficient of β-pinene oxidation products in SOAs
Authors: Hohaus Thorsten , Gensch Iulia , Kimmel Joel , Worsnop Douglas R. , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid
Published: May 2015

Measured particle phase concentrations of semi-volatile organic compounds exceed those predicted by absorption equilibrium gas-particle partitioning by orders of magnitude.
Distance measurements between manganese(ii) and nitroxide spin-labels by DEER determine a binding site of Mn2+ in the HP92 loop of ribosomal RNA
Authors: Kaminker Ilia , Bye Morgan , Mendelman Natanel , Gislason Kristmann , Sigurdsson Snorri Th. , Goldfarb Daniella
Published: May 2015

W-band (95 GHz) double electron–electron resonance (DEER) distance measurements between Mn2+ and nitroxide spin labels were used to determine the location of a Mn2+ binding site within an RNA molecule.
Effects of different manganese precursors as promoters on catalytic performance of CuO–MnOx/TiO2 catalysts for NO removal by CO
Authors: Sun Chuanzhi , Tang Yingjie , Gao Fei , Sun Jingfang , Ma Kaili , Tang Changjin , Dong Lin
Published: May 2015

Since the formation of the surface synergetic oxygen vacancy SSOV (Cu+–□–Mn3+) in the xCuyMn(N)/TiO2 catalyst is easier than that (Cu+–□–Mn2+) in the xCuyMn(A)/TiO2 catalyst, the activity of the xCuyMn(N)/TiO2 catalyst is higher than that of the xCuyMn(A)/TiO2 catalyst.
Research progress of perovskite materials in photocatalysis- and photovoltaics-related energy conversion and environmental treatment
Authors: Wang Wei , Tadé Moses O. , Shao Zongping
Published: May 2015

Perovskite materials are shown to be active in the applications of photocatalysis- and photovoltaics-related energy conversion and environmental treatment.
Voltammetric behavior of 1- and 4-[S2VVW17O62]5−in acidified acetonitrile
Authors: Ueda Tadaharu , Ohnishi Miho , Kawamoto Daisuke , Guo Si-Xuan , Boas John F. , Bond Alan M.
Published: May 2015

Voltammetric and spectroscopic data for the VV/IVcouple in 1- and 4-[S2VVW17O62]5−are reported in acidified acetonitrile.
Passive microfluidic chamber for long-term imaging of axon guidance in response to soluble gradients
Authors: Taylor A. M. , Menon S. , Gupton S. L.
Published: May 2015

A user-friendly microfluidic chamber produces a passive, stable gradient of soluble cues for imaging and quantification of axon turning.
Fragment growing exploiting dynamic combinatorial chemistry of inhibitors of the aspartic protease endothiapepsin
Authors: Mondal Milon , Groothuis Daphne E. , Hirsch Anna K. H.
Published: May 2015

The novel combination of fragment growing and DCC is a powerful and efficient strategy to convert a fragment into a hit.
Efficient photothermal therapy of brain cancer through porphyrin functionalized graphene oxide
Authors: Su Siheng , Wang Jilong , Wei Junhua , Martínez-Zaguilán Raul , Qiu Jingjing , Wang Shiren
Published: May 2015

High photothermal therapy efficiency is achieved by using an 808 nm laser to irradiate 87-MG cells co-cultured with porphyrin functionalized graphene oxide.
The use of the lactone motif in chemical communication
Authors: Schulz Stefan , Hötling Susann
Published: May 2015

The current knowledge of the lactone motif will be described, concentrating on the structure, chemistry, function, biosynthesis and synthesis of such compounds.
Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition of 1-acetylcyclohexene and 1-acetylcyclopentene to nitroolefins
Authors: Nath Utpal , Banerjee Ankush , Ghosh Bidhan , Pan Subhas Chandra
Published: May 2015

The first organocatalytic asymmetric Michael reaction between α-branched enones namely 1-acetylcyclohexene, 1-acetylcyclopentene and 1-acetylcyclobutene with nitroolefins has been developed using primary amines as catalysts.
Nanodelivery of gambogic acid by functionalized graphene enhances inhibition of cell proliferation and induces G0/G1cell cycle arrest in cervical, ovarian, and prostate cancer cells
Authors: Saeed L. M. , Mahmood M. , Xu Y. , Nima Z. A. , Kannarpady G. K. , Bratton S. M. , Dervishi E. , Casciano D. , Ali S. , Crooks P. A. , Radominska-Pandya A. , Biris A. S.
Published: May 2015

Graphene was used to deliver gambogic acid to cervical, ovarian, and prostate cancer cells and the complex was shown to be more effective at inhibiting cell proliferation, initiating cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis compared to the drug alone.
Carbazole/fluorene based conjugated small molecules: synthesis and comparative studies on the optical, thermal and electrochemical properties
Authors: Irfan Madiha , Belfield Kevin D. , Saeed Aamer
Published: May 2015

A series of new molecular materials with varying carbazole and fluorene contents were prepared employing Suzuki coupling and their properties were compared.
Graphene-decorated graphite–sulfur composite as a high-tap-density electrode for Li–S batteries
Authors: Babu Ganguli , Reddy Arava Leela Mohana
Published: May 2015

FESEM images of graphite, graphene and sulfur individually and their composite with high-tap-density with improved volumetric energy density over 50 cycles to that of graphene/sulfur composite (low tap-density).
RA abrogates hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance by enhancing IRS-1 and AMPK signalling in experimental type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jayanthy G. , Subramanian S.
Published: May 2015

RA abrogates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, the primary features of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Atmospheric-pressure-plasma-jet processed nanoporous TiO2photoanodes and Pt counter-electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Chou Chia-Yun , Chang Haoming , Liu Hsiao-Wei , Yang Yao-Jhen , Hsu Cheng-Che , Cheng I-Chun , Chen Jian-Zhang
Published: May 2015

A rapid (1 min) APPJ process is successfully developed for processing Pt counter electrodes of DSSCs.
Imidazolium based ionic liquids bearing a hydroxyl group as highly efficient catalysts for the addition of CO2 to epoxides
Authors: Denizaltı Serpil
Published: May 2015

A variety of β-hydroxyl-functionalized imidazolium salts were synthesized and characterized.
Defluoridation by a Mg–Al–La triple-metal hydrous oxide: synthesis, sorption, characterization and emphasis on the neutral pH of treated water
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Daosheng Li , Xi Li , Jianxiong Kang
Published: May 2015

A study has been designed for a fluoride adsorbent synthesized by a co-precipitation approach of Mg(ii), Al(iii) and La(iii) salts (MAL) in 2 : 1 : 2 ratios.
Unprecedented one-pot multicomponent synthesis of propargylamines using Amberlyst A-21 supported CuI under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Bosica Giovanna , Gabarretta John
Published: May 2015

An environmentally benign, one-pot, A3-coupling reaction of various aldehydes, amines and terminal alkynes for the synthesis of propargylamine was catalysed by Amberlyst A-21 supported CuI, under heterogeneous and solvent-free conditions.
Novel bio-based flexible epoxy resin from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A cured with castor oil maleate
Authors: Rosu D. , Mustata F. , Tudorachi N. , Musteata V. E. , Rosu L. , Varganici C. D.
Published: May 2015

A novel bio-based flexible epoxy resin from castor oil maleate and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A was synthesized and its thermal and electrical properties were investigated.
Bridged-cyclodextrin supramolecular hydrogels: host–guest interaction between a cyclodextrin dimer and adamantyl substituted poly(acrylate)s
Authors: Wang Jie , Xu Yisheng , Wang Yiming , Liu Jianjia , Xu Jun , Li Li , Nguyen Hanh-Trang , Pham Duc-Truc , Lincoln Stephen F. , Guo Xuhong
Published: May 2015

Tunable biocompatible hydrogels are prepared by competitive complexation between a beta-cyclodextrin dimer and adamantyl substituted poly(acrylate)s with various tether lengths.
Modified Kagan's amide: synthesis and application as a chiral solvating agent for hydrogen-bonding based chiral discrimination in NMR
Authors: Jain Nilesh , Patel Ravi B. , Bedekar Ashutosh V.
Published: May 2015

A modified Kagan's amide, N-((S)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethyl)-3,5-dinitrobenzamide has been designed, synthesized and screened as a Chiral Solvating Agent for discrimination of optically active substrates.
Mediator-free biosensor using chitosan capped CdS quantum dots for detection of total cholesterol
Authors: Dhyani Hemant , Ali Md. Azahar , Pal Satyendra P. , Srivastava Saurabh , Solanki Pratima R. , Malhotra Bansi D. , Sen Prasenjit
Published: May 2015

An electrochemical mediator-free biosensor platform have been fabricated using in situ synthesized cadmium sulfide quantum dots embedded in chitosan via surface functionalization of cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase enzyme molecules.
The mechanism of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene detection with amino acid-capped quantum dots: a density functional theory study
Authors: Lou Zhaoyang , Cui Yingqi , Yang Mingli , Chen Jun
Published: May 2015

Both a Meisenheimer complex and deprotonated TNT are formed when TNT meets amino acid-capped quantum dots.
Heteroatom-doped porous carbon derived from “all-in-one” precursor sewage sludge for electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Yuan Shi-Jie , Dai Xiao-Hu
Published: May 2015

A unique heteroatom (N, O) doped porous carbon nanomaterial with favorable charge storage capacity and excellent stability and durability was synthesized via direct pyrolysis of “all-in-one” precursor sewage sludge.
Nanocrystalline Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4/SrFe12O19 composite fibers with enhanced exchange coupling behavior
Authors: Meng Xianfeng , Liu Tong , Yu Le , Jin Kai , Xu Song
Published: May 2015

Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NZFO)/SrFe12O19 (SFO) composite fibers with excellent exchange coupling behavior were prepared by a sol–gel spinning technique followed by annealing.
Ultra-high uptake and selective adsorption of organic dyes with a novel polyoxomolybdate-based organic–inorganic hybrid compound
Authors: Zhang Yan-Qiu , Wang Chong-Chen , Zhu Tian , Wang Peng , Gao Shi-Jie
Published: May 2015

[(4-Hap)4(Mo8O26)] was used to conduct rapid and efficient selective uptake of organic dyes.
Oxygen storage capacity of Sr3Fe2O7−δ having high structural stability
Authors: Beppu Kosuke , Hosokawa Saburo , Teramura Kentaro , Tanaka Tsunehiro
Published: May 2015

Sr3Fe2O7−δ has not only high structural stability under severe reduction conditions, but also high oxygen storage capacity due to topotactic oxygen intake/release.
Fabrication of a highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate for monitoring the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Song Wei , Ji Wei , Vantasin Sanpon , Tanabe Ichiro , Zhao Bing , Ozaki Yukihiro
Published: May 2015

We have described a simple electrospinning technique combined with a calcination process to fabricate ZnO nanofibers deposited on a silver foil surface. These can be used as a photocatalyst and a SERS substrate for monitoring the catalytic degradation process of organic pollutants.
Hollow titanium dioxide spheres as anode material for lithium ion battery with largely improved rate stability and cycle performance by suppressing the formation of solid electrolyte interface layer
Authors: Han Cuiping , Yang Di , Yang Yingkui , Jiang Beibei , He Yanjie , Wang Mengye , Song Ah-Young , He Yan-Bing , Li Baohua , Lin Zhiqun
Published: May 2015

This work reports the origin of the irreversible capacity loss during the initial cycles of the nanostructured TiO2anode in the lithium ion battery.
A ditopic calix[4]pyrrole amide derivative: highlighting the importance of fundamental studies and the use of NaPh4B as additive in the design and applications of mercury(ii) ion selective electrodes
Authors: de Namor Angela F. Danil , El Gamouz Abdelaziz , Alharthi Salman , Al Hakawati Nawal , Varcoe John R.
Published: May 2015

A ditopic calix[4]pyrrole amide based ion selective electrode and its applications are first reported. Sodium tetraphenylboron currently used as additive in Hg ISE is by itself a sensor for mercury(ii).
A highly selective and sensitive recyclable colorimetric Hg2+ sensor based on the porphyrin-functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber
Authors: Liu Xiaoxing , Liu Xiaojuan , Tao Minli , Zhang Wenqin
Published: May 2015

The colorimetric fiber sensor reported in this study shows excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ over other common metal ions and can be repeatedly used more than 50 times.
Charge storage mechanism of activated manganese oxide composites for pseudocapacitors
Authors: Wu Tzu-Ho , Hesp David , Dhanak Vin , Collins Christopher , Braga Filipe , Hardwick Laurence J. , Hu Chi-Chang
Published: May 2015

Manganese oxides can undergo an electrochemical activation step that leads to greater capacitances, of which the structural change and mechanism remains poorly understood.
Encapsulation of a living bioelectrode by a hydrogel for bioelectrochemical systems in alkaline media
Authors: Chen Shuiliang , Yang Fangfang , Li Chungen , Zheng Suqing , Zhang Hua , Li Ming , Yao Haimin , Zhao Feng , Hou Haoqing
Published: May 2015

A hydrogel-bioelectrode was fabricated by encapsulating a living electroactive biofilm with a poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel through a freezing/thawing process for bioelectrochemical systems in alkaline media.
Precise algorithm for frequency estimation under dynamic and step‐change conditions
Authors: He Zhengyou , Fu Ling , Han Wenzhen , Mai Ruikun , Dong ZhaoYang
Published: May 2015

To achieve fast‐response frequency estimation under step‐change dynamics as well as accurate frequency estimation under slowly varying dynamics, a dynamic‐model‐based frequency estimation with step‐change detection (DFESD) algorithm is proposed in this study. In DFESD, the derivative of the initial phasor estimation, which is obtained from short‐time Fourier transform and the first‐order Taylor‐expansion phasor model, is used to detect the step changes in signals. Then, the initial estimations are adaptively selected by the data‐selection strategy to estimate the frequency, of which the estimation is based on a high‐order Taylor‐expansion model to express the dynamic characteristics in signal. DFESD is a Taylor‐expansion‐based algorithm and it avoids the states mixture of both pre‐ and post‐ step‐change data within one long data window, so it can track the frequency accurately under slowly varying dynamics and give fast‐response estimation under step‐change dynamics. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by computer‐simulated and electromagnetic transients including DC (EMTDC) generated signals, and the results prove the efficiency of DFESD for accurate or fast‐response frequency estimation under various test cases.
Investigation of peeling-ballooning stability prior to transient outbursts accompanying transitions out of H-mode in DIII-D
Authors: Eldon D. , Boivin R. L. , Groebner R. J. , Osborne T. H. , Snyder P. B. , Turnbull A. D. , Tynan G. R. , Boedo J. A. , Burrell K. H. , Kolemen E. , Schmitz L. , Wilson H. R.
Published: May 2015

The H-mode transport barrier allows confinement of roughly twice as much energy as in an L-mode plasma. Termination of H-mode necessarily requires release of this energy, and the timescale of that release is of critical importance for the lifetimes of plasma facing components in next step tokamaks such as ITER. H-L transition sequences in modern tokamaks often begin with a transient outburst which appears to be superficially similar to and has sometimes been referred to as a type-I edge localized mode (ELM). Type-I ELMs have been shown to be consistent with ideal peeling ballooning instability and are characterized by significant (up to ∼50%) reduction of pedestal height on short (∼1 ms) timescales. Knowing whether or not this type of instability is present during H-L back transitions will be important of planning for plasma ramp-down in ITER. This paper presents tests of pre-transition experimental data against ideal peeling-ballooning stability calculations with the ELITE code and supports those results with secondary experiments that together show that the transient associated with the H-L transition is not triggered by the same physics as are type-I ELMs.
A technique for continuous measurement of the quality factor of mechanical oscillators
Authors: Smith Nicolás D.
Published: May 2015

Thermal noise is a limit to precision measurement in many fields. The relationship of the quality factor of mechanical systems to the thermal noise has compelled many researchers to search for materials with low mechanical losses. Typical measurements of mechanical quality factor involve exciting a mechanical resonator and observing the exponential decay of the amplitude under free oscillations. Estimation of the decay time allows one to infer the quality factor. In this article, we describe an alternative technique in which the resonator is forced to oscillate at constant amplitude, and the quality factor is estimated by measuring the drive amplitude required to maintain constant oscillation amplitude. A straightforward method for calibration of the quality factor is presented, along with an analysis of the propagation of measurement uncertainties. Such a technique allows the quality factor to be measured continuously in real time and at constant signal to noise ratio.
Hydrodynamics and Brownian motions of a spheroid near a rigid wall
Authors: De Corato M. , Greco F. , D’Avino G. , Maffettone P. L.
Published: May 2015

In this work, we study in detail the hydrodynamics and the Brownian motions of a spheroidal particle suspended in a Newtonian fluid near a flat rigid wall. We employ 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations to compute how the mobility tensor of the spheroid varies with both the particle-wall separation distance and the particle orientation. We then study the Brownian motion of the spheroid by means of a discretized Langevin equation. We specifically focus on the additional drift terms arising from the position and orientational dependence of the mobility matrix. In this respect, we also propose a numerically convenient approximation of the orientational divergence of the mobility matrix that is required in the solution of the Langevin equation. Our results illustrate that both hydrodynamics and Brownian motions of a spheroidal particle near a confining wall display novel features from those of a sphere in the same type of confinement.
Intermediate energy electron impact excitation of composite vibrational modes in phenol
Authors: Neves R. F. C. , Jones D. B. , Lopes M. C. A. , Nixon K. L. , de Oliveira E. M. , da Costa R. F. , Varella M. T. do N. , Bettega M. H. F. , Lima M. A. P. , da Silva G. B. , Brunger M. J.
Published: May 2015

We report differential cross section results from an experimental investigation into the electron impact excitation of a number of the low-lying composite (unresolved) vibrational modes in phenol (C6H5OH). The measurements were carried out at incident electron energies in the range 15–40 eV and for scattered-electron angles in the range 10–90°. The energy resolution of those measurements was typically ∼80 meV. Calculations, using the GAMESS code, were also undertaken with a B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ level model chemistry, in order to enable us to assign vibrational modes to the features observed in our energy loss spectra. To the best of our knowledge, the present cross sections are the first to be reported for vibrational excitation of the C6H5OH molecule by electron impact.
Quantum calculations of the IR spectrum of liquid water using ab initio and model potential and dipole moment surfaces and comparison with experiment
Authors: Liu Hanchao , Wang Yimin , Bowman Joel M.
Published: May 2015

The calculation and characterization of the IR spectrum of liquid water have remained a challenge for theory. In this paper, we address this challenge using a combination of ab initio approaches, namely, a quantum treatment of IR spectrum using the ab initio WHBB water potential energy surface and a refined ab initio dipole moment surface. The quantum treatment is based on the embedded local monomer method, in which the three intramolecular modes of each embedded H2O monomer are fully coupled and also coupled singly to each of six intermolecular modes. The new dipole moment surface consists of a previous spectroscopically accurate 1-body dipole moment surface and a newly fitted ab initio intrinsic 2-body dipole moment. A detailed analysis of the new dipole moment surface in terms of the coordinate dependence of the effective atomic charges is done along with tests of it for the water dimer and prism hexamer double-harmonic spectra against direct ab initio calculations. The liquid configurations are taken from previous molecular dynamics calculations of Skinner and co-workers, using the TIP4P plus E3B rigid monomer water potential. The IR spectrum of water at 300 K in the range of 0–4000 cm−1 is calculated and compared with experiment, using the ab initio WHBB potential and new ab initio dipole moment, the q-TIP4P/F potential, which has a fixed-charged description of the dipole moment, and the TTM3-F potential and dipole moment surfaces. The newly calculated ab initio spectrum is in very good agreement with experiment throughout the above spectral range, both in band positions and intensities. This contrasts to results with the other potentials and dipole moments, especially the fixed-charge q-TIP4P/F model, which gives unrealistic intensities. The calculated ab initio spectrum is analyzed by examining the contribution of various transitions to each band.
Phase-field simulations of GaN growth by selective area epitaxy from complex mask geometries
Authors: Aagesen Larry K. , Coltrin Michael E. , Han Jung , Thornton Katsuyo
Published: May 2015

Three-dimensional phase-field simulations of GaN growth by selective area epitaxy were performed. The model includes a crystallographic-orientation-dependent deposition rate and arbitrarily complex mask geometries. The orientation-dependent deposition rate can be determined from experimental measurements of the relative growth rates of low-index crystallographic facets. Growth on various complex mask geometries was simulated on both c-plane and a-plane template layers. Agreement was observed between simulations and experiment, including complex phenomena occurring at the intersections between facets. The sources of the discrepancies between simulated and experimental morphologies were also investigated. The model provides a route to optimize masks and processing conditions during materials synthesis for solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and other electronic and opto-electronic applications.
Growth modes of thin films of ligand-free metal clusters
Authors: Dollinger A. , Strobel C. H. , Bleuel H. , Marsteller A. , Gantefoer G. , Fairbrother D. H. , Tang Xin , Bowen K. H. , Kim Young Dok
Published: May 2015

Size-selected Mon−, Wn−, and Fen− cluster anions are deposited on a weakly interacting substrate (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) and studied ex-situ using atomic force microscopy. Depending on size, three growth modes can be distinguished. Very small clusters consisting of less than 10–30 atoms behave similar to atoms and coalesce into 3-dimensional bulk-like islands. Medium sized clusters consisting of hundreds of atoms do not coalesce and follow a Stanski-Krastanov growth pattern. At low coverage, an almost perfect monolayer is formed. This is a new finding different from all previous studies on deposited metal clusters. For clusters with several thousands of atoms, the growth pattern again changes. At low coverage, the substrate is dotted with individual clusters, while at high coverage, the surface becomes extremely rough.
Single-molecule-sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer in freely-diffusing attoliter droplets
Authors: Rahmanseresht Sheema , Milas Peker , Ramos Kieran P. , Gamari Ben D. , Goldner Lori S.
Published: May 2015

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from individual, dye-labeled RNA molecules confined in freely-diffusing attoliter-volume aqueous droplets is carefully compared to FRET from unconfined RNA in solution. The use of freely-diffusing droplets is a remarkably simple and high-throughput technique that facilitates a substantial increase in signal-to-noise for single-molecular-pair FRET measurements. We show that there can be dramatic differences between FRET in solution and in droplets, which we attribute primarily to an altered pH in the confining environment. We also demonstrate that a sufficient concentration of a non-ionic surfactant mitigates this effect and restores FRET to its neutral-pH solution value. At low surfactant levels, even accounting for pH, we observe differences between the distribution of FRET values in solution and in droplets which remain unexplained. Our results will facilitate the use of nanoemulsion droplets as attoliter volume reactors for use in biophysical and biochemical assays, and also in applications such as protein crystallization or nanoparticle synthesis, where careful attention to the pH of the confined phase is required.