bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Code and Data Repository for Solving Bilevel Programs Based on Lower-level Mond-Weir Duality
Authors: Li Yu-Wei , Lin Gui-Hua , Zhu Xide
Published: August 2024

The goal of this repository is to provide a large number of numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness of solving bilevel programs based on lower-level Mond-Weir duality.
Multi-parameter to single parameter: a systematic review of wearable sensor sensitivity in seizure detection
Authors: Imzilene Ayoub , Lansi Ayoub , Emidar Abderahman
Published: August 2024

Objective:

This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of multi-parametric and single-parameter wearable sensors in seizure detection – a vital aspect of neurological research focused on improving epilepsy management.

Methods:

The authors conducted a comprehensive literature search up to 1 July 2023 across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore. The inclusion criteria were studies on human subjects, in English, reporting seizure detection sensitivity using wearable systems. Quality assessment was performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool.

Results:

Out of 29 initial records, 8 studies involving 641 participants were included. Multi-parameter systems generally exhibited higher sensitivities, achieving up to 100% accuracy in certain settings. Single-parameter systems also proved effective. A meta-analysis, excluding studies with small sample sizes, was conducted, with confidence intervals calculated for most studies.

Significance:

This review highlights the potential of wearable sensors in enhancing seizure monitoring. While multi-parameter systems demonstrate superior sensitivities, single-parameter systems also show significant merits. The findings advocate for further large-scale research to validate these preliminary results and to explore the combined use of diverse sensors in seizure detection.
Supporting older people during summer in nursing and residential care settings
Authors: Ashurst Adrian M
Published: August 2024

Adrian Ashurst explains how to safely support older people when it is warm during the summer months.
Medical imaging for the diagnosis, recurrence and metastasis evaluation of clear cell sarcoma
Authors: Wang Wen-Jing , Wang Xia , Hui Dong-Ming , Feng Jun-Bang , Li Chuan-Ming
Published: August 2024

Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) of soft tissue is extremely rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all soft tissue tumours. It is very difficult to diagnose CCS based on clinical manifestations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high-resolution images of soft tissues and pathological features such as mucus, necrosis, bleeding, and fat through high and low signals on T1 weighted image (T1WI) and T2 weighted image (T2WI). On the other hand, the paramagnetism of melanin in CCS shortens the relaxation time of T1 and T2, and high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2WI can be found. This is different from most other soft tissue sarcomas. At present, the treatment method for CCS is surgical resection. MRI can effectively display the tumour edge, extent of surrounding oedema, and extent of fat involvement, which is highly important for guiding surgical resection and predicting postoperative recurrence. As an invasive sarcoma, CCS has a high risk of metastasis. Regardless of the pathological condition of the resected tumour, MRI or computed tomography (CT) should be performed every 1-2 years to assess recurrence at the primary site and to screen for metastasis in the lungs, liver, and bones. If necessary, PET-CT can be performed to evaluate the overall condition of the patient.
Recurrent acute pancreatitis as an initial presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism: A case report
Authors: Karim Masood M , Raza Hira , Parkash Om
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

With 4.9 to 35 instances per 100000 cases, hyperparathyroidism is one of the rarest causes of acute pancreatitis. The major cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is a parathyroid adenoma, which can manifest clinically in various ways.

CASE SUMMARY

We discuss the unusual case of a 13-year-old boy with recurrent pancreatitis as the initial presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism. The cause of his recurrent pancreatitis remained unknown, and the patient had multiple admissions with acute pancreatitis over 3 years. His diagnosis was delayed due to the initial normal levels of parathyroid hormone, which were later reported elevated in a subsequent episode where ultrasound neck and thyroid scintigraphy revealed a parathyroid adenoma as the underlying cause. After the diagnosis was made, he underwent surgical resection of the adenoma.

CONCLUSION

This case study stresses the importance of considering uncommon causes for recurrent pancreatitis.
Challenging Dualism: Rethinking the World Council of Churches through Anzaldúa's Borderlands
Authors: Welch Tess
Published: August 2024

precis: This essay applies Gloria Anzaldúa's theoretical lens of borders and borderlands to the World Council of Churches. Such a lens highlights how the W.C.C. simultaneously expands the borderlands and reinscribes dualisms. I explore the Council's voting procedure and flexible understanding of membership as instances of the W.C.C.'s softening borders. I also present the Council's struggle for representation, specifically with gender and rationalism as instances of the W.C.C.'s supporting dualisms. In response to existing borders within the Council, a mestiza consciousness imagines alternative possibilities. The 11th Assembly's elections offer key insights as a case study of border support and opposition that intersects with consensus, membership, representation, and rationalism. I suggest that Anzaldúa is useful for the W.C.C. and ecumenism overall in identifying and challenging dualisms.
"I wouldn't trust that map": Fraudulent Geographies in Late Victorian Lost World Novels
Authors: Mccausland Elly
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This article examines the connection between the late Victorian lost world novel and the fraudulent or flawed maps that frequently punctuate its narratives. Drawing on sociological risk theory, it argues that the model of adventure structuring these texts is one of liminality and 'experiential tension,' and that their fraudulent geographies are a spatial counterpart to this liminal model. They promote an adventure characterized by perpetual potential and possibility, one we might more accurately term 'meta-adventure.' This model was central to both the imperialist enterprise during the late nineteenth century and to the discourse of 'hypothetical masculinity' that helped bolster and uphold it. The problematic geographies of these texts illuminate the ways in which fiction, masculinity, and adventure were mutually productive processes during the fin de siècle, and the ways in which this interrelationship was facilitated, at least in part, by the 'unmapping' of adventurous space.
High performance visible spectral polarizer using a double-layer alternating metal grating and metamaterial substrate
Authors: Zhao Jiangting , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Shoupeng , Yang Yandong
Published: August 2024

A polarizer is a crucial component in polarization imaging technology. In practical applications, an excellent polarizer can significantly improve optical imaging quality, target detection ability, and the reliability of polarization imaging systems. To address the problems of high cost, difficult preparation, low transmittance, and extinction ratio, which are found in existing polarizers, this paper proposes a high performance visible spectral polarizer, where a double-layer alternating metal subwavelength grating is adopted, referred to as DAMG-Polarizer. The polarizer consists of a metamaterial substrate, which is covered with subwavelength metal gratings on its upper and lower surfaces. The simulation results demonstrate that the transverse magnetic (TM) transmittance of the polarizer ranges from 55.5% to 75.8% in the 350–800 nm visible wavelength region, with an average extinction ratio (ER) of 74.6 dB, and a maximum of 85 dB. Additionally, the polarizer has good process tolerance and exhibits less dependence on the incident angle. Compared to the existing metal grating polarizers, the proposed polarizer has superior performance and achieves high transmittance and a high extinction ratio simultaneously.
Evaluation of twelve algorithms to estimate suspended particulate matter from OLCI over contrasted coastal waters
Authors: Subirade Corentin , Jamet Cédric , Duy Tran Manh , Vantrepotte Vincent , Han Bing
Published: August 2024

Remote sensing of suspended particulate matter (SPM) is crucial for water-quality monitoring, as it influences turbidity, light availability, or nutrient transport. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of twelve common and well-used SPM models for the Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) on-board Sentinel-3 satellite, based on different methods and assumptions, including estimation from water-leaving reflectance or proxies, a combination of semi-analytical equations, and machine learning algorithms. The models are tested in three stages: 1) performance assessment on in-situ measurements, 2) matchup exercise with OLCI and 3) visual assessment of satellite SPM products. The models are first tested on the GLORIA dataset (n = 767, 0.21 g.m−3 <SPM <2,626.82 g.m−3). The matchup analysis is then conducted in French coastal waters using the SOMLIT dataset (n = 71, 0.2 g.m−3 <SPM <722 g.m−3), based on the standard OLCI L2 remote sensing reflectance product. Finally, the visual assessment of the SPM maps provided by the twelve models is conducted for two French coastal sites. Results show that the algorithms proposed by Jiang et al. [
Remote. Sens. Environ.
258, 112386 (2021)10.1016/j.rse.2021.112386
] and Novoa et al. [
Remote. Sens.
9, 61 (2017)10.3390/rs9010061
] exhibit the highest score and the most accurate retrievals when compared to in-situ measurements. However, the matchup exercise shows that the method from Jiang et al. demonstrates more overall accurate SPM retrievals (Error = 49.85%, Bias = 0.55%, RMSLE = 0.35, Slope = 1.06). The visual assessment of SPM maps reveals that this model displays a larger dynamic range, making it suitable for applications in regions with a wide range of SPM concentrations. The sensitivity of these models to the atmospheric correction procedure is further explored. When all OLCI spectra are taken into account for the matchup exercise, the performance of the algorithms from Han et al. [
Remote. Sens.
8, 211 (2016)10.3390/rs8030211
] improve, relative to the other one. Finally, the standard OLCI SPM product is evaluated, and the advantages of using the OLCI standard product over the MODIS one for studying coastal waters are discussed.
Pulse characterization via two-photon auto- and cross-correlation
Authors: Finger K. , Walker S. , Becker A.
Published: August 2024

We present the application of a previously proposed multiple-Gaussian approach to characterize ultrashort vacuum (VUV) and deep ultraviolet (DUV) pulses via auto- and cross-correlation methods. The knowledge of the temporal variation of amplitude and phase of such pulses is important for spectroscopic and dynamical imaging techniques. The method, which is an extension of the single Gaussian autocorrelation technique, is based on the expansion of the pulse in a series of Gaussian functions at different frequencies and the use of analytic solutions for two-photon ionization of atoms by Gaussian pulses. Using this approach we compare the characterization of a pulse via the auto- and the cross-correlation techniques and find that an accurate characterization even in the case of more complex pulse forms can be achieved. Furthermore, the comparison of the application of unchirped and chirped Gaussian pulses reveals some specific advantages in the use of pulses with a linear chirp. Finally, we quantify our conclusions from the qualitative comparisons by defining errors and using results from information theory.
Micro magnetic field sensor based on bifunctional diodes
Authors: Wu Wenxuan , Ye Ziqi , Yan Jiabin , Fu Kang , Fu Jianwei , Liu Pengzhan , Su Yuxuan , Wang Yongjin
Published: August 2024

Multiple-quantum well (MQW) diodes can be used as bifunctional diodes due to the emission-detection spectral overlap. When integrated with magnetic fluids (MFs) that have tunable refractive index, they can be designed as micro magnetic field sensors. The sapphire substrate of the MQW diode chip that consists of an MQW transmitter and receiver that is directly exposed to the MF, and the external magnetic field strength is used to change the refractive index at the boundary between the sapphire and the MF, thus modulating the reflected light and realizing external magnetic field sensing. Verified by experimental measurements, the micromagnetic field sensor has a detection range of 0.001-0.05 T, a sensitivity of 127.3 µA/T, and a resolution of 4.5×10−5 T, with excellent stability and repeatability. Additionally, the sensor demonstrates good velocity resolution under dynamic magnetic fields and can detect the direction of magnetic field motion, providing significant application value.
Research on Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectrum Signal Denoising Based on CSGWO-SVMD-SVD method
Authors: Liu Longtai , Wang Kunyang , Jiang Tianzhi , Luo Shiyu , Xu Shiqing
Published: August 2024

To mitigate the susceptibility of absorption lines to noise interference during gas measurement using the off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) technique, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy, this paper introduces a novel denoising method. This method synergistically integrates Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Cuckoo Search (CS) with Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Sequential Variational Mode Decomposition (SVMD). Initially, the optimal solution for the quadratic penalty coefficient in SVMD is ascertained via iterative optimization using the CSGWO algorithm. Subsequently, a circulant matrix is established to extract the singular values of each modal component. A threshold is set to discriminate between noise and useful signals, and the singular values corresponding to noise are nullified. The useful signal components are then reconstructed, yielding the final processed signal. The proposed algorithm was applied to both simulated and experimental target signals and compared with common filtering algorithms such as WT, VMD-WTD, and S-G. In the experimental signal processing results, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the absorption spectrum signal improved from 21.4 to 39.95, and the correlation coefficient increased from 0.99715 to 0.99946. Results indicate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior identification and noise suppression capabilities compared to other algorithms. After signal processing using the CSGWO-SVMD-SVD algorithm, the accuracy and stability of signal data detected based on off-axis integration cavity output spectroscopy technology have been greatly improved.
Chirped periodically poled lithium-niobate-on-insulator micro-waveguides for broadband second-harmonic generation
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Xue Xiaotian , Qiu Jing , Tang Yongzhi , Ye Rui , Zhang Yuting , Huang Yiwen , Li Hao , Liu Shijie , Zheng Yuanlin , Chen Xianfeng
Published: August 2024

Periodically poled lithium niobate (LN) waveguides based on quasi-phase matching schemes, benefiting from their high nonlinear coefficient (d33) and strong optical confinement, are widely employed for implementing efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG). Here, we report broadband SHG in z-cut chirped periodically poled lithium-niobate-on-insulator (CPPLNOI) ridge micro-waveguides. Nearly 90-nm-wide SHG at the telecom band is achieved, along with an averaged normalized efficiency of 7.5%/(W·cm2). We also demonstrate simultaneous generation of second as well as cascaded third and fourth harmonics under direct pumping of femtosecond pulses. This work would benefit applications for frequency conversion of a wideband coherent light source.
Time-to-brightness converter (TBC): measuring photon arrival time with conventional cameras
Authors: Oguh Blessed , Orunesajo Emmanuel , Abubakar Sulaiman , Lee Suk Kyoung , Li Wen
Published: August 2024

We introduce a new, to our knowledge, method to measure the arrival time of photons with a sub-nanosecond precision using two conventional cameras. The method exploits the finite rise/fall time of the electro-optical global shutter implemented in modern complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras. By mapping the arrival time to the normalized brightness, the time of flight (ToF) can be determined with a precision better than 0.3 ns. The method can be implemented at the pixel level of a camera and thus simultaneously provides a high spatial resolution to achieve high-performing three-dimensional (3D) imaging.
The activation cascade of the broad-spectrum antiviral bemnifosbuvir characterized at atomic resolution
Authors: Chazot Aurélie , Zimberger Claire , Feracci Mikael , Moussa Adel , Good Steven , Sommadossi Jean-Pierre , Alvarez Karine , Ferron François , Canard Bruno
Published: August 2024

Bemnifosbuvir (AT-527) and AT-752 are guanosine analogues currently in clinical trials against several RNA viruses. Here, we show that these drugs require a minimal set of 5 cellular enzymes for activation to their common 5′-triphosphate AT-9010, with an obligate order of reactions. AT-9010 selectively inhibits essential viral enzymes, accounting for antiviral potency. Functional and structural data at atomic resolution decipher N6-purine deamination compatible with its metabolic activation. Crystal structures of human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1, adenosine deaminase-like protein 1, guanylate kinase 1, and nucleoside diphosphate kinase at 2.09, 2.44, 1.76, and 1.9 Å resolution, respectively, with cognate precursors of AT-9010 illuminate the activation pathway from the orally available bemnifosbuvir to AT-9010, pointing to key drug–protein contacts along the activation pathway. Our work provides a framework to integrate the design of antiviral nucleotide analogues, confronting requirements and constraints associated with activation enzymes along the 5′-triphosphate assembly line.
Non-adherence to antihypertensive drugs and its risk factors among hypertensive patients, Marrakech, Morocco
Authors: Belayachi Safae , Boukhari Fatima Zahra , Essayagh Firdaous , Terkiba Othmane , Zohoun Alban , Essayagh Meriem , Essayagh Touria , Essayagh Sanah
Published: August 2024

Non-adherence to hypertensive drugs is a barrier to controlling blood pressure and decreases hypertensive patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-adherence to hypertensive drugs among hypertensive patients treated at Marrakech’s primary health care facilities. A cross-sectional survey of 922 hypertensive patients treated at Marrakech’s primary health care facilities for arterial hypertension was conducted between 2021 and 2022. For collecting data, two questionnaires were employed. One was administered during an interview to patients and focused on socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical variables, as well as hypertensive treatment characteristics and the care-patient-physician triad. The physician self-administered the second questionnaire to assess therapeutic inertia. Non-adherence risk factors were identified using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 760 participants did not adhere to the hypertensive drugs, with a prevalence of 82.4%. The average age was 62.8±9.8 years, and 600 (78.9%) of the participants were female. Moderate stress, unsatisfactory family support, uncontrolled hypertension, the presence of depressive symptoms, an insufficient patient-physician interaction, and inadequate medical management of cardiovascular risk factors were associated with drug non-adherence. Non-adherence to hypertensive treatment is common in Marrakech. Regular therapeutic education classes and support group meetings must be scheduled. A performance-based remuneration system to incentivize health-care workers should be investigated.
Exploring the mitochondrial genomes and phylogenetic relationships of trans-Andean Bryconidae species (Actinopterygii: Ostariophysi: Characiformes)
Authors: Márquez Edna Judith , Gómez-Chavarría Daniel Alfredo , Alzate Juan Fernando
Published: August 2024

Comparative mitogenomics and its evolutionary relationships within Bryconidae remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, this study assembled 15 mitogenomes from 11 Bryconidae species, including five newly sequenced. Salminus mitogenomes, exceeding 17,700 bp, exhibited the largest size, contrasting with a median size of 16,848 bp in the remaining species (Brycon and Chilobrycon). These mitogenomes encode 37 typical mitochondrial genes, including 13 protein-coding, 2 ribosomal RNA, and 22 transfer RNA genes, and exhibit the conserved gene arrangement found in most fish species. Phylogenetic relationships, based on the maximum-likelihood method, revealed that the trans-Andean species (found in northwestern South America) clustered into two main sister clades. One clade comprised the trans-Andean species from the Pacific slope, Brycon chagrensis and Chilobrycon deuterodon. The other clade grouped the trans-Andean species from the Magdalena-Cauca Basin Brycon moorei and Salminus affinis, with their respective cis-Andean congeners (found in eastern South America), with Brycon rubricauda as its sister clade. Since the current members of Brycon are split in three separated lineages, the systematic classification of Bryconidae requires further examination. This study provides novel insights into mitogenome characteristics and evolutionary pathways within Bryconidae, standing as crucial information for prospective phylogenetic and taxonomic studies, molecular ecology, and provides a valuable resource for environmental DNA applications.
Single-cell RNA sequencing of nc886, a non-coding RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase III, with a primer spike-in strategy
Authors: Shin Gyeong-Jin , Choi Byung-Han , Eum Hye Hyeon , Jo Areum , Kim Nayoung , Kang Huiram , Hong Dongwan , Jang Jiyoung Joan , Lee Hwi-Ho , Lee Yeon-Su , Lee Yong Sun , Lee Hae-Ock
Published: August 2024

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a versatile tool in biology, enabling comprehensive genomic-level characterization of individual cells. Currently, most scRNA-seq methods generate barcoded cDNAs by capturing the polyA tails of mRNAs, which exclude many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially those transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). Although previously thought to be expressed constitutively, Pol III-transcribed ncRNAs are expressed variably in healthy and disease states and play important roles therein, necessitating their profiling at the single-cell level. In this study, we developed a measurement protocol for nc886 as a model case and initial step for scRNA-seq for Pol III-transcribed ncRNAs. Specifically, we spiked in an oligo-tagged nc886-specific primer during the polyA tail capture process for the 5’scRNA-seq. We then produced sequencing libraries for standard 5’ gene expression and oligo-tagged nc886 separately, to accommodate different cDNA sizes and ensure undisturbed transcriptome analysis. We applied this protocol in three cell lines that express high, low, and zero levels of nc886. Our results show that the identification of oligo tags exhibited limited target specificity, and sequencing reads of nc886 enabled the correction of non-specific priming. These findings suggest that gene-specific primers (GSPs) can be employed to capture RNAs lacking a polyA tail, with subsequent sequence verification ensuring accurate gene expression counting. Moreover, we embarked on an analysis of differentially expressed genes in cell line sub-clusters with differential nc886 expression, demonstrating variations in gene expression phenotypes. Collectively, the primer spike-in strategy allows combined analysis of ncRNAs and gene expression phenotype.
Public perception on face mask wearing during COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia: A cross sectional study
Authors: Yusof Muhammad Zubir , Fadzil Nur Faza Zinnirah , Kamaruzi Nik Nur Niska Azlin , Ayazi Maya Syazana Syamimi
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Since the emergence of COVID-19, the Malaysian government has made wearing a face mask in public mandatory since August 1, 2020, as an effort by the government to control the transmission of COVID-19. However, Malaysians’ willingness to wear face masks in public is unknown.

Objective

Thus, this study aimed to evaluate their perception of face mask wearing during COVID-19 and its contributing factors.

Methodology

A total of 1024 respondents, aged ≥ 18 years, participated in this online cross-sectional survey from October 2021 to December 2021. The Face Mask Perception Scale (FMPS) was used to measure their perceptions.

Results

Most of the respondents perceived wearing a face mask as uncomfortable. Our findings also revealed statistically significant differences and a small effect (f2 = 0.04) in which respondents who were concerned about being infected by the virus perceived face mask wearing appearance positively (B = - 0.09 units of log-transformed, 95% CI = - 0.15, - 0.04), whereas married respondents perceived it negatively (B = 0.07 units of log-transformed, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.09). There were no statistically significant differences in other domains of FMPS.

Conclusion

In conclusion, discomfort was a major complaint. Marital status and fear of COVID-19 infection affected their perceptions. The public health implications of these findings highlight the importance of addressing discomfort and societal perceptions, particularly those influenced by factors such as marital status and COVID-19 experience, to promote widespread acceptance and consistent usage of face masks, which is crucial in mitigating the spread of COVID-19.
Feasibility, acceptability, and effects of a web-delivered behavioral parent training intervention for rural parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: A protocol
Authors: Ault Samantha , Herbell Kayla , Helsabeck Nathan , Stephenson Kevin , Breitenstein Susan M. , Smith Laureen M.
Published: August 2024

Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often report higher levels of stress and mental health issues. Support services and parent training programs may help buffer the effects of caring for a child with ASD. However, due to the national lack of trained ASD providers and disparity of ASD support resources available in rural areas, caregivers often go without support. A possible solution to reach caregivers in rural areas is web-based interventions. This paper describes an ongoing pilot study examining the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects on caregiver well-being and disruptive child behaviors for a web-based parent training program (Attend Behavior) for caregivers of young children (ages 2–11 years old) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) living in rural areas (trial registration NCT05554198). The intervention is available on the internet as well as a downloadable app for mobile phones. Participants will be invited to use the intervention program for 12-weeks. Prior to using the program, participants will be asked to take a baseline survey assessing depressive symptoms (PROMIS Depression Short Form-6a), caregiver stress (Parenting Stress Index-Short Form), child disruptive behaviors (Home Situations Questionnaire-ASD and Aberrant Behavior Checklist). After 12-weeks, participants will be asked to complete a post-intervention survey with the same measurement scales plus questions regarding intervention acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility (Acceptability of Intervention, Intervention Appropriateness Measure, and the Feasibility of Intervention Measure). Participants are also invited to partake in a brief 1:1 interview with a study team member to give further feedback regarding the intervention. Study retention and participant app usage data will be examined. Information generated from this pilot study will be used to inform a future larger scale randomized control trial of Attend Behavior.
Bidirectional gated recurrent unit network model can generate future visual field with variable number of input elements
Authors: Lee Joohwang , Park Keunheung , Kim Hwayeong , Moon Sangwoo , Kim Junglim , Jin Sangwook , Lee Seunguk , Lee Jiwoong
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to predict future visual field tests using a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU) and assess its performance based on the number of input visual field tests and the prediction time interval.

Materials and methods

This study included patients who underwent visual field tests at least four times at five university hospitals between June 2004 and April 2022. All data were accessed in October 2022 for research purposes. In total, 23,517 eyes with 185,858 visual field tests were used as the training dataset, and 1,053 eyes with 9,459 visual field tests were used as the test dataset. The Bi-GRU architecture was designed to take a variable number of visual field tests, ranging from 3 to 80, as input and predict visual field tests at the desired arbitrary time point. It generated the mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), Visual Field Index (VFI), and total deviation value (TDV) for 54 test points. To analyze the model performance, the mean absolute error between the actual and predicted values was calculated and analyzed for glaucoma severity, number of input visual field tests, and prediction time interval.

Results

The prediction errors of the Bi-GRU model for MD, PSD, VFI, and TDV ranged from 1.20 to 1.68 dB, 0.95 to 1.16 dB, 3.64 to 4.51%, and 2.13 to 2.60 dB, respectively, depending on the number of input visual field tests. Prediction errors tended to increase as the prediction time interval increased; however, the difference was not statistically significant. As the severity of glaucoma worsened, the prediction errors significantly increased.

Conclusion

In clinical practice, the Bi-GRU model can predict future visual field tests at the desired time points using three or more previous visual field tests.
The impact of patient engagement on patient safety in care transitions after cancer treatment: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brust Larissa , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo , Weigl Matthias
Published: August 2024

Background

Transitions of care after cancer treatment pose a major challenge for patient safety as adverse events and unplanned healthcare utilization occur frequently. At this point, patient and family engagement (PFE) is particularly valuable since patients and their families experience various challenges along this pathway, such as changing roles and recurrent needs to navigate across structural gaps between different services. However, there is currently a lack of evidence on the impact of PFE on patient safety in transitions after cancer treatment.

Objective

To systematically review and synthesize evidence on effects of different PFE interventions on patient safety in the transition of care after cancer treatment.

Methods

This protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis follows PRISMA-P guidelines. A comprehensive database search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and APA PsycInfo. Trial registries and grey literature will be searched, forward and backward citation tracking will be performed. Trials with prospective, longitudinal, interventional study designs will be included if they evaluate PFE interventions on patient safety outcomes (primary outcomes: healthcare utilization, patient harm, adherence, patient experience; secondary: quality of life, distress); eligible studies need to survey patients with any oncological disease during or after transition following cancer treatment. Results will be synthesized narratively and meta-analytically using a random-effects model. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 and revised JBI critical appraisal tool. The certainty of evidence will be judged according to the GRADE approach.

Discussion

Robust evidence of effectiveness is needed to establish PFE interventions for patient safety in care transitions for oncological patients. This review will allow evidence-based conclusions about types and effects of different PFE interventions for transitional safety in oncology care and inform stakeholders in designing sustainable PFE activities.

Trial registration

PROSPERO (CRD42024546938), OSF (doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/9XAMU).
The synergy of depression and flourishing/languishing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors: Findings from a national sample of emerging adult students in higher education in the United States
Authors: Oh Hans , Jacob Louis , Soffer-Dudek Nirit , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee , Besecker Megan , Leaune Edouard , Pickering Trevor A.
Published: August 2024

Background

Suicide is a leading cause of death among students in higher education, driven in large part by mental illness, but also mental wellness. Relatively few studies have examined the extent to which depression and flourishing/languishing interact in relation to suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Methods

We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (2020–2021; emerging adult students aged 18–29; N = 101,435), and calculated interaction contrast ratios to estimate the interaction between depression and flourishing/languishing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors, using an additive scale, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and food insecurity.

Results

When compared with students who were flourishing without depression, the students who were languishing without depression, and the students who were depressed but still flourishing had significantly greater odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, students who were depressed and languishing had the greatest odds, exceeding the sum of the individual effects.

Conclusion

The interaction of depression and flourishing/languishing produced a synergy that increased odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Flourishing interventions may prove to be an effective strategy for universal suicide prevention.
Fracaso escolar y paro juvenil en España. Análisis y propuestas de política educativa
Authors: Escardíbul Josep Oriol
Published: August 2024

Este artículo analiza el fracaso escolar en España y sus consecuencias sobre el desempleo juvenil. Dado que el paro juvenil se reduce a medida que los jóvenes alcanzan niveles educativos superiores, y teniendo en cuenta la poca formación permanente que reciben los menos formados, la reducción del fracaso escolar es un elemento clave para la posterior reducción del desempleo entre los jóvenes. El fracaso se define y analiza (dentro de un marco europeo) de tres maneras: la falta de adquisición de competencias, no haber finalizado satisfactoriamente la educación obligatoria a la edad correspondiente, así como el porcentaje de población de 18-24 años de edad que ha alcanzado como máximo la educación secundaria inferior y que no siguen en formación. En el artículo se revisa la literatura nacional e internacional sobre las causas del fracaso escolar (especialmente los factores relacionados con la escuela o el sistema educativo) y se sugiere la implantación de determinadas políticas educativas para reducirlo, y en consecuencia disminuir el paro juvenil, dado el contexto económico actual.
Vergílio Ferreira, la educación y el futuro
Authors: Abelho Cunha Manuel
Published: August 2024

Vergílio Ferreira, uno de los escritores y pensadores más destacados del Portugal contemporáneo, escribe sobre la responsabilidad de la educación en la construcción de un país civilizado. Habla desde una nación sometida a una dictadura política muy represiva sobre la libertad de pensamiento.
Los contenidos lingüísticos y estilísticos en la enseñanza del español en Gabón: actitudes y prácticas docentes
Authors: Makaya Mavoungou Jeanne Berthe
Published: August 2024

Siempre nos ha dejado perplejos la postura tomada por la mayoría del profesorado gabonés en cuanto a si debemos o no interesarnos al estudio parcial o completo de los aspectos lingüísticos y semánticos durante la explicación y comentario de un documento. La enseñanza de la lengua y de la literatura españolas requiere del docente la toma en cuenta y el conocimiento de la sinergia que existe entre los diferentes géneros literarios, la expresión estética, el contenido semántico y el uso pragmático. Es la razón por la cual se espera del docente la toma en cuenta de los aportes de otras ciencias conexas tales como la lingüística, la estética, la sociología, la psicología,etc., que no dejan de sugerir a la pedagogía y a la didáctica otras pistas de tratamiento de los contenidos idóneos en clase de lengua española. El aporte de esta investigación se sitúa, sobre todo, a nivel del análisis de las prácticas docentes y las aportaciones de éstas mediante las trayectorias semánticas y lingüísticas de los diversos soportes didácticos utilizados en clases de lengua española.
Tradición y modernidad: la alianza de la corona con la nobleza y la oligarquía mercantil de Burgos en la Guerra de las Comunidades
Authors: Ercilla Villabona Aitor
Published: August 2024

A pesar del notable incremento cuantitativo y cualitativo de los trabajos de investigación que se han publicado al calor del quinto centenario de la guerra de las Comunidades, y de los loables esfuerzos por analizar las complejas dimensiones políticas, económicas, sociales, militares o institucionales de la rebelión comunera, apenas se ha estudiado el relevante papel desempeñado por la oligarquía mercantil de Burgos. Con la intención, precisamente, de enriquecer el debate historiográfico sobre la contienda, el presente artículo analiza en profundidad el área de poder político local en la ciudad de Burgos, en manos de una oligarquía enriquecida por el comercio internacional y las actividades financieras. Sólo de este modo se puede llegar a comprender, en profundidad, tanto la alianza de las grandes familias de mercaderes burgaleses con la Corona como las consecuencias del posicionamiento de la ciudad en la resolución final del conflicto.
producción y exportación de vinos de Málaga a mediados del siglo XVII: cultivo, financiación y fiscalidad
Authors: Martínez Ruiz José Ignacio
Published: August 2024

Málaga lideró, junto con Canarias, la exportación de vinos y pasas en el siglo XVII convirtiéndose, de esta forma, en un enclave estratégico de la economía española. A partir de la explotación sistemática de la totalidad de los protocolos notariales de los escribanos de la ciudad de Málaga del año 1652 se analizan diferentes aspectos del funcionamiento de su economía vitivinícola hacia esa fecha que difícilmente se podrían conocer de otra manera. Se presta especial atención a las modalidades y coste del transporte de los vinos y pasas desde las heredades hasta la ciudad, a las deudas contraidas por los cultivadores y al peso de la fiscalidad sobre una producción destinada en gran medida a la exportación.
Presentación: Identidad, familia y pautas de civilización
Authors: Irigoyen López Antonio , García Fernández Máximo
Published: August 2024

Presentación
Employment and salaries of university graduates: impact evaluation of a financial aid programme by means of propensity score matching
Authors: Hernández-Medina Patricia , Goncalves Hernández Daniel , Morales La Paz Luis
Published: August 2024

Introduction / Objective: Educational funding in Venezuela is limited, especially in private higher education institutions, due to existing budget constraints. Despite these limitations, some grant programmes manage to serve a significant proportion of students. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the impact of a financial aid programme at a Latin American university by analysing the probability of employment and remuneration at three key points in time: during the degree programme, upon graduation, and three years after graduation. Methodology: A sample of graduates from various programmes was used, and information about their career paths was collected by means of a follow-up survey. The analysis was conducted using propensity score matching through the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) estimator, employing both parametric and non-parametric methods. Results: The results indicate an inverse relationship between the financial aid received and the salary earned during the evaluation periods, alongside a positive relationship with the probability of being employed. However, none of the estimated coefficients were significant, whether for the nearest neighbour, the 5 or 10 nearest neighbours, the Kernel estimation, or the local linear estimation, taking into account the common support and the 20% trimming. Conclusions: It cannot be concluded that the grant received during the degree programme significantly improves employment and remuneration outcomes. This suggests the need for a comprehensive programme that includes support in job placement processes in order to enhance these outcomes.
Atenção sobre o socioeducando e os serviços comunitários referentes à medida socioeducativa de prestação de serviços à comunidade
Authors: Rosa Sarah Fernanda Etges da , Areosa Silvia Virginia Coutinho
Published: August 2024

A medida de Prestação de Serviços à Comunidade (PSC) consiste na realização, pelo adolescente, de serviços comunitários gratuitos e de interesse geral junto às organizações da rede pública. Entretanto, é comum que o jovem seja encaminhado para atividades laborais e manuais, que pouco contribuem com o desenvolvimento psicossocial dele. Devido a isso, o objetivo da experiência prática foi construir uma ação para qualificar os serviços que recebem os socioeducandos e fortalecer o vínculo dos locais com o Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social (CREAS), de um município no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, que executa as medidas. Por meio de visitas institucionais e de uma roda de conversa virtual, em que participaram 40 profissionais de 26 instituições da rede, mobilizou-se, conscientizando e sensibilizando os locais a respeito dos socioeducandos e das atividades da medida de PSC. Os resultados apontaram que as percepções dos servidores sobre os socioeducandos são meios para compreender os lugares sociais, a sociedade e o entendimento dos próprios adolescentes que internalizam tais discursos. A ação resultou em maior entusiasmo e disponibilidade de novos cenários, o princípio de um trabalho conjunto eficaz, com objetivos equivalentes de responsabilização e fortalecimento da cidadania pedagógica.
Educação popular e controle social na saúde
Authors: Morais Lucas Andrade de , Andrade Neta Maria das Graças Duarte de , Morais Luan Caio Andrade de
Published: August 2024

Realizado por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura no período de 2013 a 2023, nas plataformas de periódicos Capes e BVS, este estudo busca identificar a relação entre educação popular e controle social na saúde, focando nos Conselhos municipais de saúde como agentes fundamentais. Inspirada nos princípios de Paulo Freire, a educação popular emerge como perspectiva prático-teórica para empoderar conselheiros e comunidade, impulsionando uma participação efetiva no processo de aprendizagem. A literatura revisada destaca a relevância dos Conselhos, mas alerta para distanciamentos e ênfase excessiva em questões administrativas. A educação popular surge como prática transformadora, capacitando atores e fortalecendo a participação ativa. Seus princípios, aplicados nos Conselhos, contribuem para uma atuação mais crítica, eficaz e democrática. Este estudo sugere a necessidade de abordagens participativas e emancipatórias para fortalecer o Sistema Único de Saúde.
Inclusão geográfica
Authors: Silva Beatriz Cristina Antunes
Published: August 2024

Cursos populares preparatórios desempenham papel crucial na democratização da educação pré-universitária, especialmente para estudantes de baixa renda. Essas iniciativas proporcionam acesso a uma preparação acadêmica de qualidade que muitas vezes estaria fora do alcance desses alunos. Um exemplo significativo é a implementação de atividades inclusivas, como o uso de mapas táteis em aulas de Geografia. Essas atividades não apenas tornam o aprendizado mais acessível, mas promovem um entendimento profundo e significativo dos conteúdos. A construção coletiva de materiais pedagógicos envolve a participação ativa dos alunos, fortalecendo o senso de comunidade e colaboração. Esse processo facilita a aprendizagem dos conceitos geográficos e desenvolve importantes habilidades cognitivas, sociais e emocionais. Ao trabalhar juntos na criação desses materiais, os alunos aprendem a valorizar o trabalho em equipe, a comunicação e o pensamento crítico. Este relato de experiência em aulas de Geografia no Cursinho Educação e Cidadania da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) destaca como o estudo de problemas urbanos e ambientais, por meio da cartografia e de métodos inclusivos, como os mapas táteis, pode transformar o aprendizado e capacitar os estudantes. Essas abordagens melhoram o desempenho acadêmico e contribuem para a formação de indivíduos mais engajados e críticos.
การศึกษาคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขายในสถานประกอบการ ประเภทเครื่องมือไฟฟ้าไร้สาย ในยุคดิจิทัล
Authors:   มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ, ลบช้าง พีรเชฏฐ์ , วิเศษศรี วรกมล ,   มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ, โชติวงษ์ ชุลีวรรณ ,   มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ
Published: August 2024

การวิจัยมีวัตถุประสงค์ 1) เพื่อศึกษาระดับความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขายในสถานประกอบการประเภทเครื่องมือไฟฟ้าไร้สายในยุคดิจิทัล เปรียบเทียบกับคุณลักษณะส่วนบุคคล 2) เพื่อหาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณลักษณะส่วนบุคคลกับคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขายในสถานประกอบการประเภทเครื่องมือไฟฟ้าไร้สายในยุคดิจิทัล กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ใช้ศึกษาเป็นพนักงานขายในสถานประกอบการประเภทเครื่องมือไฟฟ้าไร้สาย ในเขตจังหวัดกรุงเทพมหานครและนนทบุรี จำนวน 228 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นแบบสอบถาม สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ได้แก่ ความถี่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และสถิติเชิงอนุมาน ได้แก่ T-test, F-test เทคนิค One-Way ANOVA และการวิเคราะห์ไคสแควร์ ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) ระดับความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขายโดยรวม อยู่ในระดับมาก 2) การเปรียบเทียบคุณลักษณะส่วนบุคคลกับคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขาย ที่มีความคิดเห็นแตกต่างกัน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ คือ อายุ ระดับการศึกษา ตำแหน่งงาน ประสบการณ์ด้านงานขาย และรายได้ต่อเดือน และที่ไม่ความแตกต่างกันทางสถิติ คือ เพศ และ 3) ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณลักษณะส่วนบุคคลกับคุณลักษณะพึงประสงค์ของพนักงานขายโดยรวม พบว่า คุณลักษณะส่วนบุคคล ด้านรายได้ต่อเดือน มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การจรสูงสุด เท่ากับ 0.84