bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ABOUT MODERN TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Samara State University of Railway Transport, Kuznetsov V.P. , Ryabinova E.N.
Published: June 2022

The subject of the article is the formation of fundamental mathematical knowledge among future technical specialists. The object of the article: a mathematical performance management system aimed at evidence-based and fundamental knowledge. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the immanence of intellectual development and the fundamental nature of the education of future technical specialists, their importance in the educational process. Methodology of the work: search for a set of theoretical and methodological approaches, on the basis of which the principles of continuity, evidence and fundamentality are determined by future specialists of technical areas of training. The results of the work indicate an increase in the level of development of intellectual consciousness among future technical specialists. The field of application of the results is practical pedagogical activity, which forms the practical and applied significance of the subject. It is advisable to form a systematic, consistent and critical thinking with the help of a personalized pedagogical technology that has a reflexive educational function. An important aspect of mathematical training is the principles of interdisciplinarity and continuity. Conclusion: the formation of systematic, consistent, critical thinking of future technical specialists contributes to the generation of an educational result in the process of training highly qualified engineers.
DEVELOPING GENERAL RESISTANCE TO IMPROVE PISTOL SHOOTING SKILLS
Authors:   Samara Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Sedov D.A.
Published: June 2022

Currently, the issues of physical training of the population are actively discussed even at the highest level. The fact is that physical training has a positive effect on the psycho-emotional state of individuals, especially if the activity of such individuals is constantly associated with stress, negative external influences. The latter include employees and cadets of law enforcement agencies, who in the course of their daily activities face not only physical activity, but also stress. An important direction in the training of cadets and law enforcement officers is fire training, including pistol shooting, the improvement of skills in which will be discussed in this article. So, when performing statistical exercises with firearms, when aiming, there is tension in the chest, and as a result, a decrease in lung volume, the priority of shallow breathing. In addition, when aiming with a pistol, the posture worsens the posture, developing a stoop. From the foregoing, it follows that for effective firepower training, cadets and law enforcement officers must be prepared for high physical exertion. In other words, they must train their endurance. In order to develop general endurance, special techniques have been developed that will be discussed in this article. So, in this article, the author analyzes the development of general endurance in order to improve pistol shooting skills. Emphasis is placed on the influence of physical fitness and endurance on pistol shooting skills.
INTERACTION OF LIGHT AND SHADOW AS A PROJECTION IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING A SHADOW PERFORMANCE, A PHOTO AND A FILM
Authors:   Russian State Institute of Performing Arts, Vucenovic A.
Published: June 2022

For many centuries, the name of one of the types of theater that exists in different forms has been recorded under the name "shadow theater". By this name, we mean many different principles of interaction between light and an object that create shadows. Since projection involves the use of light to achieve "light scenes" as well as the use of light as a tool for creating shadows, it is fair to call such a theater "theater of light and shadows." If we use the name “puppet theater”, since the puppet is the main performer in the performance, then in this case both light and shadows equally participate in their performing roles in the “light and shadow theater”. Light without shadow would not be light, and conversely, a shadow without light would not be a shadow. Their uses have evolved over time. Technological progress has also opened up great opportunities for the play of light and shadow. But the principle and essence of the function of the relationship between light and shadow did not change. Light, just like shadow, played a certain role on the screen within the framework of the plot presented in the play. Unfortunately, in theater studies there is still no professional theatrical terminology that allows you to communicate easily and understandably to all participants in the creation of such a performance. Right, professional terminology for working in the shadow theater technique is currently absent. The establishment of such a terminological system would help, first of all, to more easily define and distinguish between the varieties of shadows and light used, and also to raise this type of theater to a higher professional level.
Application of Human Resources Management on Employee Performance Mediated on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Study at the Social Service Office of Aceh Selatan District
Authors: Alimuddin  , Adam Muhammad , Mahdani
Published: June 2022

This research intends to examine the application of human resource management (HRM) on employee performance mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) at the social service office of Aceh Selatan Regency. The population was all employees at the Social Service of Aceh Selatan Regency, totaling 119 people. In this study, the determination of the sample was by using the census method. The research model was analyzed using a structural model. The descriptive hypothesis testing reveals that the HRM implementation, OCB, and employee performance are applied good, the Direct hypothesis testing proves that the implementation of HRM affects OCB, and the implementation of HRM and OCB affect employee performance, and the indirect hypothesis testing proves that OCB partially mediates the implementation of HRM effect on the performance of the Social Service of Aceh Selatan Regency employees. These findings prove that the model of improving employee performance at the Aceh Selatan district social service is a function of HRM implementation and OCB improvement, with OCB as a partial mediator. The meaning is that increasing the effectiveness of KSA (Knowledge, Skills, Abilities), motivation, and opportunities in the implementation of HRM, will increase OCB and have an impact on improving employee performance.
The Effect of Work from Home on Workload and Employee Burnout and Their Implications on Banda Aceh Primary Tax Service Office
Authors: Hastuty Roshita , Mahdani  , Putra Teuku Roli Ilhamsyah
Published: June 2022

This study is about the effect of work from home (WFH) on workload and employee burnout and its implications on the performance of the employees of the Banda Aceh Primary Tax Service Office (KPP Pratama Banda Aceh). This study used a sample of 108 KPP Pratama Banda Aceh employees. Data was collected using a questionnaire and was analyzed using SEM-AMOS. The results prove that the implementation of WFH implemented by KPP Pratama Banda Aceh has a negative effect on the workload borne by employees, the implementation of WFH implemented by KPP Pratama Banda Aceh has a negative effect on employee burnout, the implementation of WFH by KPP Pratama Banda Aceh has a negative effect on employee performance, the workload experienced by employees also reduces the ability of KPP Pratama Banda Aceh employees to give their best performance, employee burnout also reduces the ability of KPPP employees Banda Aceh to give their best performance, Workload partially mediates the WFH implementation effect on the performance of KPP Pratama Banda Aceh employees, and Employee burnout does not mediate the WFH implementation effect on the performance of KPP Pratama Banda Aceh employees. These findings explain that the model for improving employee performance for KPP Pratama Banda Aceh employees is a function of the effectiveness of WFH which has a role in reducing workload and employee burnout which has an impact on increasing employee performance.
Sprachliche Höflichkeit
Authors: EĞİT Yadigar
Published: June 2022

Sprachliche Höflichkeit steht seit einiger Zeit zunehmend als Untersuchungsgegenstand im Zentrum linguistischer Arbeiten und der öffentlichen Diskussionen. Wenn man davon ausgeht, dass die sprachliche Höflichkeit auf sprachliche Handlungen beruht, hat sie sich zu einem zentralen Forschungsgegenstand linguistischer Untersuchungen, wie “der sprachwissenschaftlichen Pragmatik, der Soziolinguistik, der Gesprächslinguistik und anderer wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen“ (9) entwickelt.
Nonlinear physics in the navy. Part 3
Authors: Gaydenok Nikolay
Published: June 2022

The paper considers four nonlinear phenomena studied in the framework of the theory of catastrophes, which are present in the practice of the fleet and relate to various aspects of logistics – depending on the speed of movement of the thrust force of the ship's propulsion and the magnitude of the Cx. Their correspondence to the catastrophes of folding and assembly is shown
Transmission network angle stability protectionbased on synchrophasor data in control centre
Authors: Ivanković Igor , Terzija Vladimir , Skok Srdjan
Published: June 2022

Angle stability appears in many forms in transmission network. There are small active power oscillations which do not endanger the normal operations whereas medium and large oscillations have implications on normal operations. These latter kinds of oscillations in some cases develop in out of step condition, which is dangerous disturbance with serious impact on transmission network and generating units. Transmission network operator’s challenges and obligations are to treat in the right manner angle stability issues in their network. Controlling and protecting network needs to be done in efficient way in order to disconnect disturbance quickly and prevent abnormal network operation without exporting disturbance in surrounding networks. Synchrophasor measurements in control centre offer a platform, which responds in a new way on angle stability in transmission network. Those measurements which are collected in phasor data concentrators, which is a part of Wide Area Monitoring will be used for creating out of step protection. This is the first step to extended system to Wide Area Monitoring Protecting And Control (WAMPAC). Paper gives progress of such project in Croatian Transmission Network Operator (HOPS). Firstly, there will be stated motives for development of new out of step protection based on synchrophasor measurements. Some feasibility aspect elaborated with emphasis on communications latency. Furthermore, designed Matlab model for transmission network and protection with small portions of simulations results and analyses presented in paper reveal potential of proposed solutions. This new protection is based on using voltage angles values from phasor data stream in phasor data concentrator.
Infrared Thermography in Maintenance of Building Applied Photovoltaics
Authors: Glavaš Hrvoje , Vidaković Držislav , Jeršek Željko , Kraus Zorislav
Published: June 2022

Photovoltaic Systems (PV) are the most widely used renewable energy source in the Republic of Croatia but with a modest share in the total energy balance. EU energy policy encourages PV installation in building elements such as facades, roofs or separate constructions with the aim of achieving zero-energy buildings. Whether an integrated or stand-alone system during their lifetime requires periodic maintenance. In a normal operation, it is necessary to carry out a visual inspection twice a year before and after the winter period to determine the condition of the equipment, connecting lines and supporting structures. In the case of a significant deviation from the normal production, the inspection must be done as soon as possible. Most commonly, the problems of the unmaintained system cannot be perceived as long as the PV system is in an operational state. Dropping of dust, bird droppings or shading over a longer period may lead to system components being damaged and to necessary repair costs that can be prevented by regular maintenance procedures, including regular surface cleaning of photovoltaic panels. Infrared thermography is a fast method of detecting heat sources due to shading or defective photovoltaic module elements. The paper provides visual examples of thermal spots that can be observed during the infrared thermographic inspection of photovoltaic systems, as well as a review of their impact on the system.
Deconstructing Rightwing Extremism: Conceptual Variance and Attitudes Towards Islam
Authors: Holbrook Donald
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this report is to map, conceptually and empirically, the diverse elements that constitute rightwing extremism. The aim is to offer readers a guide to this complexity and an appreciation for the numerous ideas, actors, and outcomes associated with RWE. The report is divided into two parts. The first focuses on the conceptual issues associated with RWE while the second explores how this complexity plays out in practice by examining various ways in which RWE has framed and reacted to Islam. This case study was selected as it illustrates the intricacies of varied and evolving RWE responses and because Islam and Muslims are often a major target of RWE violence and hostility. In Part 1 we caution against describing RWE as a single movement or an ideology given that those associated with RWE, overall, lack the common bonds that bind members of a movement together. We explore the substance of this complexity and summarize the key features on a schema focusing on actors, ideas, and outcomes associated with RWE. In Part 2 we illustrate, with reference to this conceptual complexity, how a plethora of mainly European RWE approaches to Islam underscores the pluralism of ideas and interpretations within RWE. This ideological plurality steers its proponents in divergent directions and results in varied outcomes. Not only do right-wing extremists, including those inspired by white supremacism, nationalism, and cultural nativism, adopt divergent positions on the issue, their approach ranges widely from co-optation and inspiration to non-engagement and outright hostility. These divergent positions, in turn, differ depending on local contexts, frames of reference, core beliefs, and individuals’ interpretations of each of these factors. This heterogeneity has important implications for practitioners, policymakers and those who study RWE movements. Importantly, perceptions of threat are not constant or consistent across RWE movements. Varied threat perceptions can, in turn, produce different types of violence and extremism, with a diverse and inconsistent list of potential targets for violent acts, potential allies, and perceived constituents among RWE actors.
Wind Energy Assessment as a Source of Power Generation in Bangladesh
Authors: Mithun Mondal  , Djamal Hissein Didane  , Alhadj Hisseine Issaka Ali  , Bukhari Manshoor
Published: June 2022

Wind energy has been considered one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It has been widely considered for the generation of electricity for its low maintenance cost and negligible effect on environmental pollution. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and compare the wind energy potential in seven different districts of Bangladesh including Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and Sylhet. Data had been recorded on daily basis for the consecutive five years from 2015 until 2019 and analysed using Weibull distribution function various essential parameters such as wind speed, wind energy density and wind power density. Results show that the monthly average wind speed varies between 0.5 m/s to 2.10 m/s for all the divisions except Chittagong where it is in the range between 3 m/s and 4.5 m/s. Similarly, the maximum wind power density and wind energy density were also found in the Chittagong division with annual densities that range between 51.86967 W/ to 84.01142 W/ and 454.3783 KWh/ to 753.94 KWh/ , respectively. The shape and scale parameters (k and c) are varying between 0.774373 – 1.086069 and 0.684588 – 1.735511 m/s, respectively for all the divisions except Chittagong where it ranges between 1.463098 – 1.625881 and 3.131256 – 4.28601 m/s, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevailing wind directions vary from one division to another but mainly between south and east. This, this study strongly recommends the Chittagong division for the utilization of the potentiality of wind energy.
Comparative Study of Rudder Performance of Single Plate and Fishtail of SPOB Ship Using CFD Method
Authors: Amalia Ika Wulandari  , Mukhtar Prabu Dewanagara  , Muhammad Uswah Pawara  , Syerly Klara
Published: June 2022

Rudder is the most important hydrodynamic control surface on a ship to control horizontal movement. An important function of the rudder is to develop a force concerning orientation and motion relative to the water. The widely used type is the conventional type. However, the other types of rudders, other than the conventional type, are the single plate and fishtail types. This study aims to analyze the difference in performance between the single plate rudder on the Adeline 01 spob (self propeller oil barge) ship and the fishtail rudder on the value of lift force and drag force as well as find out the comparison of the two Rudders on the maneuvering force of the Adeline 01 spob ship. The method used was the Clark equation with the help of a CFD-based application to determine the performance of the ship lifts force and drag force by varying the turning angle by 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°. The results obtained from this study was the Fishtail has better maneuverability at 5° and 10° angle variations with lift coefficient values ​​of 0.0398 and 0.0522, and with Steady Turning Diameter (STD) values ​​of 1882.9 m and 717.83 m. On another hand, the Single Plate rudder has better maneuverability at angle variations of 15° and 20° with lift coefficient values ​​of 688.30 m and 330.77 m, and with STD values ​​of 688.30 m and 330.77 m. At the angle variations of 25° and 30°, Rudder Fishtail has better maneuverability with lift coefficient values ​​of 0.7712 and 0.9993, and with Steady Turning Diameter (STD) values ​​of 53.40 m and 35.92 m
Water Depth Effect to Ferry Ship Resistance with Computational Fluid Dynamic Method
Authors: Khairuddin  , Andi Haris Muhammad  , Muhammad Iqbal Nikmatullah  , Faisal Mahmuddin
Published: June 2022

Predicting ship resistance in shallow water conditions is very important for the operational considerations of a ship. Shallow waters greatly affect viscous resistance, wave resistance and also propulsion efficiency. This study aims to determine the effect of water depth on the resistance of the ferry. The CFD method was used to simulate this phenomenon and its effects on the hull starting from the coefficient of ship resistance, surge force, sway force and yaw (hydrodynamic moment). Input speed at 9 – 13 knots with depth ratio H/T = 4 (deep water), H/T = 3 (deep water), H/T = 2 (medium water), H/T = 1.3 (shallow water), and H/T = 1 (very shallow water). The simulation results show a significant increase in total resistance, surge force, sway force, and hydrodynamic moment in shallow water conditions in every speed variation. This condition is caused by the increase in pressure received by the ship's hull when operating in shallow water.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MESOPOROUS CERIUM OXIDE FOR TOXIC AS(V) REMOVAL: PERFORMANCE AND MECHANISTIC STUDIE
Authors: Sahu Uttam Kumar , Mandal Sandip , Sahu Sumanta , Gouda Narayan , Patel Raj Kishore
Published: June 2022

In the present work, the adsorption of carcinogenic pentavalent arsenic (As(V)) from an aqueous solution was studied using mesoporous cerium oxide (MCO). The MCO was synthesized in the precipitation process and confirmed by FT-IR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and BET instrumental techniques. Batch adsorption showed that 95% of As(V) was removed in the optimum conditions of 0.60 g/L adsorbent dose, 10 mg/L initial concentration, time 30 min, and pH 3. Pseudo-secondorder kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model were fitted to the experimental data. The MCO had a high surface area of 191.97 m2/g and a maximum adsorption capacity of 58.25 mg/g at pH 3. MCO could be able to remove 88% and 82% in the first and second cycles after being desorbed with 0.1 M NaOH solution. The Zeta potential and FTIR studies suggested that electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange mechanisms were responsible for As(V) adsorption.
The COS CGM Compendium. IV. Effects of Varying Ionization Backgrounds on Metallicity Determinations in the z < 1 Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Gibson Justus L. , Lehner Nicolas , Oppenheimer Benjamin D. , Howk J. Christopher , Cooksey Kathy L. , Fox Andrew J.
Published: June 2022

Metallicity estimates of circumgalactic gas based on absorption-line measurements typically require photoionization modeling to account for unseen ionization states. We explore the impact of uncertainties in the extreme-ultraviolet background (EUVB) radiation on such metallicity determinations for the z < 1 circumgalactic medium. In particular, we study how uncertainties in the power-law slope of the EUV radiation, α
EUVB, from active galactic nuclei affect metallicity estimates in a sample of 34 absorbers with H i column densities between

15.25
<
log
(

N

H

I

/

cm

−
2

)
<
17.25

and measured metal ion column densities. We demonstrate the sensitivity of metallicity estimates to changes in the EUV power-law slope of active galactic nuclei, α
EUVB, at low redshift (z < 1), showing that derived absorber metallicities increase on average by ≈0.3 dex as the EUV slope is hardened from α
EUVB = −2.0 to −1.4. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling of photoionization models with α
EUVB as a free parameter to derive metallicities for these absorbers. The current sample of absorbers does not provide a robust constraint on the slope α
EUVB itself; we discuss how future analyses may provide stronger constraints. Marginalizing over the uncertainty in the slope of the background, we find that the average uncertainties in the metallicity determinations increase from 0.08 to 0.14 dex when switching from a fixed EUVB slope to one that freely varies. Thus, we demonstrate that EUVB uncertainties can be included in ionization models while still allowing for robust metallicity inferences.
NICER Monitoring of Supersoft X-Ray Sources
Authors: Orio M. , Gendreau K. , Giese M. , Luna G. J. M. , Magdolen J. , Pei S. , Sun B. , Behar E. , Dobrotka A. , Mikolajewska J. , Pasham Dheeraj R. , Strohmayer T. E.
Published: June 2022

We monitored four supersoft sources—two persistent ones, CAL 83 and MR Vel, and the recent novae YZ Ret (Nova Ret 2020), and V1674 Her (Nova Her 2021)—with NICER. The two persistent supersoft X-ray sources (SSS) were observed with unvaried X-ray flux level and spectrum, respectively, 13 and 20 yr after the last observations. Short-period modulations of the SSS appear where the spectrum of the luminous central source was fully visible (in CAL 83 and V1674 Her) and were absent in YZ Ret and MR Vel, in which the flux originated in photoionized or shocked plasma, while the white dwarf (WD) was not observable. We thus suggest that the pulsations occur on, or very close to, the WD surface. The pulsations of CAL 83 were almost unvaried after 15 yr, including an irregular drift of the ≃67 s period by 2.1 s. Simulations, including previous XMM-Newton data, indicate actual variations in period length within hours, rather than an artifact of the variable amplitude of the pulsations. Large amplitude pulsations with a period of 501.53 ± 0.30 s were always detected in V1674 Her, as long as the SSS was observable. This period seems to be due to rotation of a highly magnetized WD. We cannot confirm the maximum effective temperature of (≃145,000 K) previously inferred for this nova, and discuss the difficulty in interpreting its spectrum. The WD appears to present two surface zones, one of which does not emit SSS flux.
Analytic Approximations for the Velocity Suppression of Dark Matter Capture
Authors: Ilie Cosmin , Paulin Jillian
Published: June 2022

Compact astrophysical objects have been considered in the literature as dark matter (DM) probes, via the observational effects of annihilating captured DM. In this paper we investigate the role of stellar velocity on multiscatter-capture rates and find that the capture rates of DM by a star moving with respect to the DM halo rest frame are suppressed by a predictable amount. We develop and validate an analytical expression for the capture rate suppression factor. This suppression factor can be used to directly reevaluate projected bounds on the DM–nucleon cross section, for any given stellar velocity, as we explicitly show using Population III stars as DM probes. These objects (Population III stars) are particularly interesting candidates, since they form at high redshifts, in very high DM-density environments. We find that previous results, obtained under the assumption of a star at rest with respect to the DM rest frame, are essentially unchanged when considering the possible orbital velocities for those central stars.
Chandra Follow-up Observations of Swift-BAT-selected AGNs II
Authors: Silver R. , Torres-Albà N. , Zhao X. , Marchesi S. , Pizzetti A. , Ajello M. , Cusumano G. , Parola V. La , Segreto A. , Comastri A.
Published: June 2022

We present the combined Chandra and Swift-BAT spectral analysis of nine low-redshift (z ≤ 0.10), candidate heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected from the Swift-BAT 150 month catalog. We located soft (1−10 keV) X-ray counterparts to these BAT sources and joint fit their spectra with physically motivated models. The spectral analysis in the 1−150 keV energy band determined that all sources are obscured, with a line-of-sight column density N

H
≥ 1022 cm−2 at a 90% confidence level. Four of these sources show significant obscuration with N

H
≥ 1023 cm−2 and two additional sources are candidate Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (CT-AGNs) with N

H
≥ 1024 cm−2. These two sources, 2MASX J02051994–0233055 and IRAS 11058−1131, are the latest addition to the previous 3 CT-AGN candidates found using our strategy for soft X-ray follow-up of BAT sources. Here we present the results of our methodology so far, and analyze the effectiveness of applying different selection criteria to discover CT-AGN in the local Universe. Our selection criteria has an ∼20% success rate of discovering heavily obscured AGN whose CT nature is confirmed by follow-up NuSTAR observations. This is much higher than the ∼5% found in blind surveys.
Morpho-kinematic Modeling of the Expanding Ejecta of the Extremely Slow Nova V1280 Scorpii
Authors: Naito Hiroyuki , Tajitsu Akito , Ribeiro Valério A. R. M. , Arai Akira , Maehara Hiroyuki , Kouzuma Shinjirou , Iijima Takashi , Okazaki Atsuo T. , Watanabe Makoto , Takagi Seiko , Watanabe Fumitake , Sakon Itsuki , Sadakane Kozo
Published: June 2022

Knowledge of the morphology of nova ejecta is essential for fully understanding the physical processes involved in nova eruptions. We studied the 3D morphology of the expanding ejecta of the extremely slow nova V1280 Sco with a unique light curve. Synthetic line profile spectra were compared to the observed [O iii] λλ4959, 5007 and [N ii] λ5755 emission line profiles in order to find the best-fit morphology, inclination angle, and maximum expansion velocity of the ejected shell. We derive the best-fitting expansion velocity, inclination, and squeeze as

V

exp

=

2100

−
100

+
100

km s−1,

i
=

80

−
3

+
1

deg, and

squ
=

1.0

−
0.1

+
0.0

using [O iii] line profiles, and

V

exp

=

1600

−
100

+
100

km s−1,

i
=

81

−
4

+
2

deg, and

squ
=

1.0

−
0.1

+
0.0

using the [N ii] λ5755 line profile. A high inclination angle is consistent with the observational results showing multiple absorption lines originating from clumpy gases, which are produced in dense and slow equatorially focused outflows. Based on additional observational features such as optical flares near the maximum light and dust formation on V1280 Sco, a model of internal shock interaction between slow ejecta and fast wind proposed for the γ-ray emission detected in other novae seems to be applicable to this extremely slow and peculiar nova. Increasing the sample size of novae whose morphology is studied will be helpful in addressing long-standing mysteries in novae such as the dominant energy source to power the optical light at the maximum, optical flares near the maximum, clumpiness of the ejecta, and dust formation.
A Multiwavelength Study of GRS 1716-249 in Outburst: Constraints on Its System Parameters
Authors: Saikia Payaswini , Russell David M. , Baglio M. C. , Bramich D. M. , Casella Piergiorgio , Trigo Maria Diaz , Gandhi Poshak , Jiang Jiachen , Maccarone Thomas , Soria Roberto , Al Noori Hind , Al Yazeedi Aisha , Alabarta Kevin , Belloni Tomaso , Bel Marion Cadolle , Ceccobello Chiara , Corbel Stéphane , Fender Rob , Gallo Elena , Homan Jeroen , Koljonen Karri , Lewis Fraser , Markoff Sera B. , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Rodriguez Jerome , Russell Thomas D. , Shahbaz Tariq , Sivakoff Gregory R. , Testa Vincenzo , Tetarenko Alexandra J.
Published: June 2022

We present a detailed study of the evolution of the Galactic black hole transient GRS 1716−249 during its 2016–2017 outburst at optical (Las Cumbres Observatory), mid-infrared (Very Large Telescope), near-infrared (Rapid Eye Mount telescope), and ultraviolet (the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope) wavelengths, along with archival radio and X-ray data. We show that the optical/near-infrared and UV emission of the source mainly originates from a multi-temperature accretion disk, while the mid-infrared and radio emission are dominated by synchrotron emission from a compact jet. The optical/UV flux density is correlated with the X-ray emission when the source is in the hard state, consistent with an X-ray irradiated accretion disk with an additional contribution from the viscous disk during the outburst fade. We find evidence for a weak, but highly variable jet component at mid-infrared wavelengths. We also report the long-term optical light curve of the source and find that the quiescent

i

′

-band magnitude is 21.39 ± 0.15 mag. Furthermore, we discuss how previous estimates of the system parameters of the source are based on various incorrect assumptions, and so are likely to be inaccurate. By comparing our GRS 1716−249 data set to those of other outbursting black hole X-ray binaries, we find that while GRS 1716−249 shows similar X-ray behavior, it is noticeably optically fainter, if the literature distance of 2.4 kpc is adopted. Using several lines of reasoning, we argue that the source distance is further than previously assumed in the literature, likely within 4–17 kpc, with a most likely range of ∼4–8 kpc.
Hybrid Origins of the Cosmic-Ray Nucleus Spectral Hardening at a Few Hundred GV
Authors: Niu 牛 Jia-Shu 家树
Published: June 2022

Many experiments have confirmed the spectral hardening at a few hundred GV of cosmic-ray (CR) nucleus spectra, and three general different origins have been proposed: the primary source acceleration, the propagation, and the superposition of different kinds of sources. The AMS-02 CR nucleus spectra of He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, and B (which includes B and its dominating parent species) are collected to study the necessity of employing a break in diffusion coefficient and independent breaks in primary source injection spectra to reproduce the spectral hardening at a few hundred GV. For comparison, three different schemes are introduced to do the global fitting. The fitting results show that both the break in diffusion coefficient and the independent breaks in primary source injection spectra are needed, which correspond to the spatially dependent propagation and the superposition of different kinds of sources, respectively. Consequently, the nucleus spectral hardening in a few hundred GV should have hybrid origins. Moreover, the CR spectral indices of He and Ne show large deviations from other species in the low-rigidity region, which indicates their different CR origins.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a New Predictor of Sepsis in Critically-ill Stroke Patients
Authors: Irawany Vera , Lolobali Marilaeta Cindryani
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported that many severe stroke patients developed sepsis during their acute phase, which leads to poor outcomes. In stroke, there is a shift from predominant Th1 lymphocytes, which have proinflammatory characteristics, to predominant Th2 lymphocytes which activate anti-inflammatory responses that induce hyporesponsiveness of the immune system against an invasion of pathogen, known as stroke-induced immunodepression syndrome.

AIM: This study aims to examine whether the neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) could predict the development of sepsis in acute stroke patients.

METHODS: Patients were admitted to Fatmawati hospital intensive care unit from September 2019 to May 2020.

RESULTS: The mean NLR of acute stroke patients during their stay in ICU was 16.8 ± 12.5. We performed Mann–Whitney test, which revealed that the mean rank of several NLR parameters, such as initial NLR, day-3 NLR, highest NLR, and dNLR in stroke patients at ICU, was associated with the incidence of sepsis. The median difference in day-3 NLR, highest NLR, and dNLR in the stroke group with sepsis differed from those of the non-sepsis group.

CONCLUSION: NLR is assumed to have potential as an early predictor to distinguish septic conditions from non-septic conditions, to prevent delay in establishing diagnosis and management of sepsis, especially in acute, critically-ill stroke patients.
Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)
Authors: Barboza Gloria E. , García Carolina Carrizo , Bianchetti Luciano de Bem , Romero María V. , Scaldaferro Marisel
Published: June 2022

CapsicumL. (tribe Capsiceae, Solanaceae) is an American genus distributed ranging from the southern United States of America to central Argentina and Brazil. The genus includes chili peppers, bell peppers, ajíes, habaneros, jalapeños, ulupicas and pimientos, well known for their economic importance around the globe. Within the Solanaceae, the genus can be recognised by its shrubby habit, actinomorphic flowers, distinctive truncate calyx with or without appendages, anthers opening by longitudinal slits, nectaries at the base of the ovary and the variously coloured and usually pungent fruits. The highest diversity of this genus is located along the northern and central Andes. AlthoughCapsicumhas been extensively studied and great advances have been made in the understanding of its taxonomy and the relationships amongst species, there is no monographic treatment of the genus as a whole. Based on morphological and molecular evidence studied from field and herbarium specimens, we present here a comprehensive taxonomic treatment for the genus, including updated information about morphology, anatomy, karyology, phylogeny and distribution. We recognise 43 species and five varieties, includingC. mirumBarboza,sp. nov.from São Paulo State, Brazil and a new combinationC. muticum(Sendtn.) Barboza,comb. nov.; five of these taxa are cultivated worldwide (C. annuum L. var. annuum, C. baccatum L. var. pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh, C. baccatum L. var. umbilicatum (Vell.) Hunz. & Barboza,C. chinenseJacq. andC. frutescensL.). Nomenclatural revision of the 265 names attributed to chili peppers resulted in 89 new lectotypifications and five new neotypifications. Identification keys and detailed descriptions, maps and illustrations for all taxa are provided.
Remote ischemic preconditioning combined with atorvastatin improves memory after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in male rats
Authors: Hedayatpour Azim , Shiasi Maryam , Modarresi Peyman , Bashghareh Alieh
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Damage to hippocampus can occur through ischemia. Memory problems are among the most significant disabilities after stroke. Therefore, improving memory is of great interest in helping post-stroke patients. This study demonstrated that intraperitoneally injection of atorvastatin with a short cycle of ischemia-reperfusion in the left femoral artery improved hippocampal CA1 neurons injury and memory problems after global cerebral ischemia.

Materials and methods: In this article survey, we used 64 animals. Rats were divided into 8 groups, (n=8). Group 1: control; group 2: sham; group 3: global cerebral ischemia (GCI) only; group 4: remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) + GCI; group 5: GCI + atorvastatin (ATO); group 6: GCI + vehicle; group 7: RIP + GCI + ATO; group 8: RIP + GCI + vehicle. We created global cerebral ischemia (GCI) with 20 min occlusion of the Common carotid artery.

Results and discussion: Remote ischemic preconditioning could improve rats performance in water maze tests along with a decrease in neuronal death. Also, atorvastatin combined with remote ischemic preconditioning was more effec­tive for memory improvement and reduction of neuronal death. Inconsistent with our result, the function of the animals in the ischemia group was impaired. CA1 hippocampal neurons have an important role in memory and learning, and they can be damaged after cerebral ischemia. Therefore, ischemia can create memory problems. Remote ischemic preconditioning and atorvastatin had a neuroprotective effect and could improve rat performance in water maze test.

Conclusion: This study showed that remote ischemic preconditioning with atorvastatin could improve CA1 neuronal injury and memory.
Panstrongylus noireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia
Authors: Gil-Santana Hélcio R. , Chavez Tamara , Pita Sebastián , Panzera Francisco , Galvão Cleber
Published: June 2022

Panstrongylus noireauisp. nov. from Bolivia is described based on male and female specimens. Although morphologically almost indistinguishable from Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899), the new species shows remarkable chromosome and molecular features, which are very distinctive among all others Panstrongylus species. The new species is also separated by some characteristics of the processes of the endosoma of the male genitalia. An updated key for species of Panstrongylus is provided.
Comment l’intention d’implémentation facilite-t-elle le changement comportemental ? Des habitudes instantanées à la cognition incarnée
Authors: Legrand Eve , Mignon Astrid
Published: June 2022

Se former une intention d’implémentation (« si je rencontre la situation X, alors je réaliserai la réponse Y dirigée vers le but Z ») favorise le passage d’une intention de but (« je veux Z ») à des actions concrètes. Cet article dresse une revue des processus de contrôle de l’action générés par cette technique. Nous analysons les processus impliqués dans l’initiation des actions puis ceux responsables de leur maintien. Nous verrons en particulier 1) comment l’intention d’implémentation peut modifier les habitudes passées, qui sont résistantes au changement ; 2) le caractère flexible et tenace de la poursuite effective d’un but lorsque cette technique a été formée ; 3) à la lumière du concept de simulations sensori-motrices, comment le simple fait de créer un lien verbal « si-alors » entre situation et réponse peut conduire à la production réelle de cette réponse.
L’Europe centrale et orientale face au concept de zone d’influence
Authors: Kuźniar Roman
Published: June 2022

Le concept de zone d'influence est aussi ancien que la politique internationale. Il a connu un essor particulier avec la rivalité des empires au centre de l'Europe et les écoles géopolitiques du XXe siècle. La fin de la guerre froide a fait disparaître du continent ce concept que Poutine tente de restaurer à travers ses fantasmes de retour à l'empire russe et à l'hégémonie régionale. La réponse de l'Occident est garante de la sécurité globale en Europe face à un dangereux retour en arrière.
Algérie : une restauration musclée
Authors: Belkaïd Akram
Published: June 2022

L'élection du président Tebboune, suivie de la pandémie de Covid-19, a marqué l'épuisement d'un Hirak massif, mais qui avait échoué à se constituer en alternative politique. La répression ne peut cependant masquer l'absence de renouvellement du pouvoir et la persistance des problèmes économiques. À l'extérieur, les relations avec le Maroc se dégradent suite à son rapprochement avec Israël, et les relations avec la France sont toujours marquées par les rivalités de mémoires.
Influence et nuisance dans les relations internationales
Authors: Buhler Pierre , Charillon Frédéric
Published: June 2022

Pour imposer leur volonté sans utiliser la force, certains États déploient des stratégies d'influence. Selon la nature de leur régime, ils recourent plus ou moins à la séduction, l'attractivité, la contrainte, la nuisance ou encore la rémunération. Ces stratégies se déploient par différents canaux : médias, culture, éducation, entrisme et technologies numériques. Les pays européens prennent progressivement conscience de ces défis, mais ils se doivent d'agir plus vigoureusement.
Comment nommer la lignée humaine ? De l’ordre des Bimanes à la sous-tribu des hominiens
Authors: Lequin Mathilde
Published: June 2022

À partir du xviii e  siècle, la classification de l’humain dans le règne animal a fait l’objet de vifs débats, dans lesquels se sont notamment opposés les partisans de l’ordre des Bimanes et les défenseurs de l’ordre des Primates. Cet article retrace l’histoire des discussions relatives au statut taxinomique de l’humain, de la première édition du Système de la nature de Linné en 1735 jusqu’à nos jours. S’il se pose aujourd’hui en d’autres termes, le questionnement sur la place de l’humain dans le système zoologique est pourtant loin d’être clos. Depuis le milieu du xx e  siècle, la désignation de la lignée humaine a varié à plusieurs reprises, des « hominidés » aux « homininés », aux « hominines », puis aux « hominiens ». La lignée humaine a été tantôt placée au rang taxinomique de la famille Hominidae (correspondant à la forme francisée « hominidés »), tantôt à celui d’une sous-tribu (Hominina, correspondant à la forme francisée « hominiens »). En identifiant les différentes raisons permettant d’expliquer ces changements dans la dénomination et la classification de l’humain, cet article met en évidence les enjeux philosophiques sous-jacents à ces querelles taxinomiques. Nous montrons que ces variations terminologiques ne relèvent pas d’une problématique strictement nomenclaturale : elles reflètent non seulement l’histoire des hypothèses sur la phylogénie des primates, mais aussi l’histoire des tensions entre anthropologie et zoologie, toujours présentes dans les débats sur les classifications de l’humain.
Les travaux zoologiques de Jacob Theodor Klein (1685-1759) et leur réception en France : une opposition mesurée au linnéisme
Authors: Schmitt Stéphane
Published: June 2022

L’un des traits les plus remarquables de l’histoire naturelle au xviii e  siècle est l’émergence, puis le triomphe du linnéisme. Cependant, cette approche ne fut pas acceptée sans difficulté et fit l’objet dans les années 1740 de critiques plus ou moins radicales, la plus célèbre étant celle de Buffon. Le présent article s’intéresse plus particulièrement à un auteur prussien, Jacob Theodor Klein, qui mit lui aussi en cause la classification linnéenne des animaux et proposa une distribution alternative plus simple, mieux adaptée, selon lui, à la pratique des naturalistes, spécialement à celle des collectionneurs. Ses idées trouvèrent un certain écho en Europe, notamment en France où plusieurs de ses ouvrages furent traduits, probablement à l’instigation de Réaumur.
Investigating purine and uric acid contents of various development stages of artificially reared edible insects
Authors: Sabolová M. , Kulma M. , Škvorová P. , Veselá K. , Kurečka M. , Kouřimská L.
Published: June 2022

Nutritional interventions play a vital role in treating gout, and knowledge of the purine content in foods is essential. Because edible insects have been proposed as mini-livestock alternatives, this study aimed to analyse the content of purines (adenine, guanine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine) and their metabolite (uric acid) in two different developmental stages of six insects (Tenebrio molitor, Alphitobius diaperinus, Gryllus assimilis, Acheta domesticus, Locusta migratoria, and Blaberus discoidalis) and meats (chicken, pork, beef, and salmon). Compared to meat, edible insects contained equivalent or higher amounts of total purine (3.23-13.22 g/kg edible insect dry matter vs 3.61-5.53 g/kg meat dry matter) and uricogenic purines adenine + hypoxanthine (1.55-8.86 g/kg edible insect dry matter vs 2.97- 4.91 g/kg meat dry matter). Although the uric acid content was significantly affected by the developmental stage and species, the total purine content did not vary within the stages. In conclusion, the tested insects are unsuitable for a low-purine diet.
A Consistent Anatomic Landmark for Identifying the Lateral Femoral Circumflex Artery in a Direct Anterior Hip Approach
Authors: Harper Katharine D. , Nzeogu Michael I. , Vakil Jeffrey J. , Abdelfadeel Walaa M. , Saxena Arjun , Star Andrew M.
Published: June 2022

A direct anterior approach (DAA) is a technique practiced by arthroplasty surgeons that can be technically challenging, most notably for inexperienced surgeons. The lateral femoral circumflex artery (LFCA) is a branch of the femoral artery that crosses the surgical field during DAA and is an important landmark for superficial surgical dissection. If the vessel is not identified, significant bleeding may occur, and visualization may be impaired. This study aimed to develop a reliable method to identify and ligate the LFCA with minimal bleeding. First, a retrospective review was performed on a series of patients who underwent primary DAA total hip arthroplasty. Epidemiologic and intraoperative radiologic information was collected to determine the 2-dimensional location of the LFCA as it coursed through the surgical interval. Second, a series of computed tomography (CT) angiograms were compared to validate the intraoperative anatomic findings. In this study, 108 patients were evaluated fluoroscopically and 100 CT angiograms were obtained, for 208 total patients. The distance of the LFCA from the lesser trochanter with standard fluoroscopy (LT/TD) was 0.600 vs 0.438 on CT angiogram. Mean offset from midline (offset/femur diameter) was 0.166 lateral to midline vs 0.36 medial to midline. Median value of offset was 0 vs 0.411—representing a position on the anatomic axis of the femur. This study confirmed that the LFCA is found approximately one-third to two-thirds of the way between the lesser and greater trochanters along the anatomic axis of the femur for most patients. Surgeons who are new to DAA can use the LFCA as a reliable landmark to confirm the correct interval. [Orthopedics. 2022;45(5):262–268.]
Single-Stage Revision of Infected Total Femoral Replacement
Authors: Lew Alexandra R. , Burnett Robert A. , Colman Matthew W. , Gitelis Steven , Blank Alan T.
Published: June 2022

We present 2 cases of infected total femur prosthetic devices treated with a single-stage revision with extensive irrigation and debridement, followed by reimplantation with a prosthesis coated in antibiotic-impregnated cement. Single-stage total femoral replacement with antibiotic-eluting cement around the device was used for 2 cases of limb salvage arthroplasty to reduce complications, maintain patient function, and minimize hospital-associated cost. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(5):e280–e283.]