bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary photodynamic therapy for small amelanotic choroidal melanomas: consecutive case series of 69 patients with at least 24-month follow-up
Authors: Quhill Hibba , Gosling Daniel , Sears Katharine , Rundle Paul
Published: July 2020

Aims

To investigate the success and recurrence rates and visual outcomes in a large case series of amelanotic posterior choroidal melanomas treated by means of primary photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin.

Methods

Retrospective case series from a single specialist ocular oncology centre. All patients had a clinical diagnosis of choroidal melanoma and were selected for PDT based on tumour characteristics. Included patients had at least 24 months of follow-up from initiation of treatment and all but one had not received treatment prior to PDT.

Results

69 patients were included. Mean tumour thickness was 1.9 mm (range 0.5–4.4), while the mean basal diameter was 6.9 mm (range 2.4–11.0). Included lesions were stage cT1a (n=66) or cT2a (n=3). The mean duration of follow-up from treatment initiation was 57 months (range 24–116 months). Seven lesions (10%) failed to respond to PDT. 10 patients (16%) experienced recurrence during follow-up. Overall success rate in this series was 75% (n=52). 83% of successfully treated patients (n=43) maintained or gained vision by final follow-up. Visual outcomes were significantly better in those patients who received PDT therapy alone in comparison to those who needed other treatments for their melanoma (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.004). Unfortunately, one patient (1.4%) in the series developed systemic metastases and died.

Conclusion

Selected amelanotic posterior uveal melanomas may be successfully treated with PDT with retention of good vision in the majority of cases, maintained with a mean of 57 months (minimum of 24 months) of follow-up.
Detection of C-peptide in human hair and nail: a comparison between healthy persons and persons with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Salih Jamal M , Abdulateef Darya S
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Serum and urinary C-peptide has clinical implications in people with/without diabetes. Recently, C-peptide was detected in hair samples of healthy adults but not studied in people with diabetes. It is not known whether C-peptide can be detectable in nail tissue or not. This study aims to assess the detection of C-peptide in hair and nail samples and to find whether hair and nail C-peptide levels are different in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared with healthy individuals.

Research design and methods

In a prospective case-control study on 41 subjects with T1DM and 42 control subjects, hair and nail samples were collected and prepared. C-peptide was extracted by incubating the samples with methanol and measuring the extract with an immunoassay. The hair and nail C-peptide values were compared between the T1DM and control group and their correlations with each other and with other variables were assessed with a significant level set at 0.05.

Results

Hair and nail C-peptide levels were detected in both groups, with significantly lower values in T1DM compared with the control group. T1DM with >7-year diabetes duration had significantly lower C-peptide in serum, nails and hair. Hair and nail C-peptide levels have significant positive correlations with each other and negative correlations with age.

Conclusions

We conclude that C-peptide are detectable in the hair and nails of healthy persons and persons with T1DM. Compared with the healthy persons, persons with T1DM had significantly lower hair and nail C-peptide and significant hair/nail C-peptide reduction after 7 years of diagnosis. Our results suggest that hair and nails are suitable matrices for the measurement of C-peptide in healthy persons and persons with T1DM.
Infiltrative tumour growth pattern correlates with poor outcome in oesophageal cancer
Authors: Anciaux Maelle , Demetter Pieter , De Wind Roland , Gomez Galdon Maria , Vande Velde Sylvie , Lens Gaspard , Craciun Ligia , Deleruelle Amélie , Larsimont Denis , Lenaerts Tom , Sclafani Francesco , Deleporte Amélie , Donckier Vincent , Hendlisz Alain , Vandeputte Caroline
Published: July 2020

Objective

Oesophageal cancer (OEC) is an aggressive disease with a poor survival rate. Prognostic markers are thus urgently needed. Due to the demonstrated prognostic value of histopathological growth pattern (HGP) in other cancers, we performed a retrospective assessment of HGP in patients suffering from invasive OEC.

Design

A first cohort composed of 89 treatment-naïve operated patients with OEC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) public database was constituted, from which H&E images and RNA-sequencing data were retrieved. Next, a second cohort composed of 99 patients with OEC treated and operated in a Belgian hospital was established. H&E-stained sections and extracted tumorous RNA were obtained from the samples. HGP were assessed on H&E slides as infiltrative (IGP) or expansive (EGP). TCGA RNA-sequencing data were analysed through the gene set enrichment analysis and Cytoscape softwares. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiments were performed to assess gene expression in the Belgian cohort.

Results

IGP patients displayed a grim prognosis compared with EGP patients, while IGP was found as associated with numerous lymphovascular emboli and perinervous infiltrations. Analyses of the TCGA expression data showed that angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation were significantly upregulated in IGP compared with EGP samples. qPCR experiments of three genes appearing as highly upregulated in each pathway showed no difference in expression according to the HGP.

Conclusion

The current study demonstrates the poor prognostic value carried by IGP in OC and suggests angiogenesis, EMT and inflammation as key carcinogenetic pathways upregulated in this pattern.
Introduction of postmortem CT increases the postmortem examination rate without negatively impacting the rate of traditional autopsy in daily practice: an implementation study
Authors: Mentink Max G , Bakers Frans C H , Mihl Casper , Lahaye Max J , Rennenberg Roger J M W , Latten Bart G H , Kubat Bela , Hofman Paul A M
Published: July 2020

Aim

The aim of this implementation study was to assess the effect of postmortem CT (PMCT) and postmortem sampling (PMS) on (traditional) autopsy and postmortem examination rates. Additionally, the feasibility of PMCT and PMS in daily practice was assessed.

Methods

For a period of 23 months, PMCT and PMS were used as additional modalities to the autopsy at the Department of Internal Medicine. The next of kin provided consent for 123 postmortem examinations. Autopsy rates were derived from the Dutch Pathology Registry, and postmortem examination rates were calculated for the period before, during and after the study period, and the exclusion rate, table time, time interval to informing the referring clinicians with results and the time interval to the Multidisciplinary Mortality Review Board (MMRB) meeting were objectified to assess the feasibility.

Results

The postmortem examination rate increased (from 18.8% to 32.5%, p<0.001) without a decline in the autopsy rate. The autopsy rate did not change substantially after implementation (0.2% decrease). The exclusion rate was 2%, the table time was 23 min, and a median time interval of 4.1 hours between PMCT and discussing its results with the referring clinicians was observed. Additionally, more than 80% of the MMRB meetings were held within 8 weeks after the death of the patient.

Conclusions

Our study shows that the implementation of a multidisciplinary postmortem examination is feasible in daily practice and does not adversely affect the autopsy rate, while increasing the postmortem examination rate.
Cardiac magnetic resonance systematically overestimates mitral regurgitations by the indirect method
Authors: Bertelsen Litten , Vejlstrup Niels , Andreasen Laura , Olesen Morten Salling , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup
Published: July 2020

Objective

Cardiac MRI is quickly emerging as the gold standard for assessment of mitral regurgitation, most commonly with the indirect method subtracting forward flow in aorta from volumetric segmentation of the left ventricle. We aimed to investigate how aortic flow measurements with increasing distance from the aortic valve affect calculated mitral regurgitations and whether measurements were influenced by breath-hold regimen.

Methods

Free-breathing and breath-hold phase contrast flows were measured in aorta at valve level, sinotubular (ST) junction, mid-ascending aorta and in the pulmonary trunk. Flow measurements were pairwise compared, and subsequently, after exclusion of patients with visible mitral and tricuspid regurgitations for left-sided and right-sided comparisons, respectively, flow-measured stroke volumes were compared with ventricular volumetric segmentations.

Results

Thirty-nine participants without arrhythmias or structural abnormalities of the large vessels were included. Stroke volumes measured with free-breathing and breath-hold flow decreased equally with increasing distance to the aortic valves (breath-hold flow: aortic valve 105.6±20.8 mL, ST junction 101.5±20.7 mL, mid-ascending aorta 98.1±21.5 mL). After exclusion of atrioventricular regurgitations, stroke volumes determined by volumetric measurements were higher compared with values determined by flow measurements, corresponding to ‘false’ atrioventricular regurgitations of 8.0%±5.8% with flow measured at valve level, 11.6%±5.2% at the ST junction and 15.3%±5.0% at the mid-ascending aorta.

Conclusions

Stroke volumes determined by flow decrease throughout the proximal aorta and are systematically lower than volumetrically measured stroke volumes. The indirect method systematically overestimates mitral regurgitations, especially with increasing distance from the aortic valves.
Ultrasound detection of iatrogenic injury during peribulbar eye block: a cadaveric study
Authors: Sadler Amy , McLeod Graeme , McHardy Paul G , Wilkinson Tracey
Published: July 2020

Background

Ophthalmic eye blocks, such as retrobulbar, peribulbar and sub-Tenon’s, are traditionally conducted “blind”. Complications are rare but potentially devastating. Life-threatening complications include brain stem anesthesia and local anesthetic toxicity, whereas sight-threatening complications include globe perforation, optic nerve damage and ocular muscle damage. Ultrasound permits a view of orbital structures and can be used to guide needle placement. The ultrasound appearances of unintended local anesthetic injection into vital orbital structures have not been documented. This study aimed to record the ultrasound appearances of unintended injection locations.

Methods

The spherical shape of the eyeballs of three soft-fix Thiel embalmed human cadavers were restored using glycerol. Iatrogenic injury in peribulbar block was then simulated through injection of printers’ ink mixed with Thiel embalming fluid. Ultrasound was used to guide the needles and the tips were redirected to lie within the globe, lateral rectus and optic nerve. Ultrasound images were recorded during injection. The orbital cavities were then dissected via a superior approach to record the location and extent of injectate spread.

Results

Real-time globe rupture, ocular muscle injection and optic nerve injection were visible using ultrasound. Characteristic appearances were identified in each case. Dissection confirmed needle and injection placement.

Conclusions

The ultrasound appearance of block complications is important to document and should be an integral part of regional anesthesia training. This study is the first to provide such images for ophthalmic nerve blocks. It offers ophthalmic anesthetists and ophthalmologists the potential to diagnose severe complications rapidly and accurately with a potential impact on patient safety.
Defining adult e-cigarette prevalence: comparing a categorical definition with days of use
Authors: Boyle Raymond G , Richter Sara , St. Claire Ann W
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Electronic cigarette use has grown substantially and the health effects are being closely monitored. Tracking the evolving market place and the profile of adult users is important for tobacco control efforts; however, several different ways of measuring current use have been reported. This paper examines how well a categorical definition aligns with days of use.

Methods

Data from the 2018 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey assessed e-cigarette use based on days of use in the past month and currently using ‘every day, some days, or not at all’. Prevalence of current use and agreement of >1, >5 and >20 days of use with every day or some days were calculated.

Results

The prevalence of e-cigarette use varied by category of use from 2.4% (≥20 days/30) to 6.0% (≥1 day/30). The highest prevalence was found among young adults reporting any use in the past 30 days (21.9%). Never smokers had low prevalence overall; however, 4.4% reported using in the past 30 days. Using at least 1 day in the past 30 days included a higher proportion of young adults (p<0.001) and never smokers (p<0.001) compared with other current use categories. Compared with every day or some days, the per cent agreement with days of use categories ranged from 89.7% to 94.4% and kappa ranged from 0.60 to 0.81.

Conclusions

Prevalence and sociodemographics varied by definition of use. Asking ‘every day, some days or not at all’ in population-based studies has the advantage of aligning with cigarette smoking current use definition.
Does $$\varLambda $$CDM really be in tension with the Hubble diagram data?
Authors: Mehrabi Ahmad , Basilakos Spyros
Published: July 2020

In this article, we elaborate further on the $$\varLambda $$ΛCDM “tension”, suggested recently by the authors Lusso et al. (Astron Astrophys 628:L4, 2019) and Risaliti and Lusso (Nat Astron 3(3):272, 2019). We combine Supernovae type Ia (SNIa) with quasars (QSO) and Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) data in order to reconstruct in a model independent way the Hubble relation to as high redshifts as possible. Specifically, in the case of either SNIa or SNIa/QSO data we find that the current values of the cosmokinetic parameters extracted from the Gaussian process are consistent with those of $$\varLambda $$ΛCDM. Including GRBs in the analysis we find a tension, which lies between $$2\sigma $$2σ and $$3\sigma $$3σ levels respectively. Finally, we find that at high redshifts ($$z>1$$z>1) the corresponding cosmokinetic parameters significantly deviate from those of $$\varLambda $$ΛCDM, hence the possibility of new Physics is not precluded by the present analysis.
Crosscap numbers of alternating knots via unknotting splices
Authors: Kindred Thomas
Published: July 2020

Ito–Takimura recently defined a splice-unknotting number [Formula: see text] for knot diagrams. They proved that this number provides an upper bound for the crosscap number of any prime knot, asking whether equality holds in the alternating case. We answer their question in the affirmative. (Ito has independently proven the same result.) As an application, we compute the crosscap numbers of all prime alternating knots through at least 13 crossings, using Gauss codes.
Analysis for Dynamic Response of Buried Steel Pipeline in Cross-Anisotropic Layered Soils
Authors: Zhang Jin , Han Zejun , Fang Hongyuan , Yang Linqing
Published: July 2020

The interaction between underground pipelines and soils is crucial to the design and maintenance of underground pipeline network systems. In this paper, the dynamic stiffness matrix in the frequency-domain of the buried pipeline is obtained by the improved scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) coupled with the finite element method (FEM) at the interface between the far and near fields. A new coordinate transformation together with a scaled line is introduced in the improved SBFEM. Combined with the mixed variable algorithm, the time-domain solution of the buried pipeline under dynamic loads is then obtained. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was verified by numerical examples. A parametric study is performed to assess the influence of the anisotropic characteristics of the layered soils on the dynamic response of the pipeline, the result of which provides a reliable basis for engineering practice. The results show that these parameters have a significant impact on the pipeline. The understanding of this impact can contribute to the design, construction, and maintenance of the corresponding engineering projects.
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Aerogel for Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine and Ascorbic Acid in Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Urbanová Veronika , Kment Štěpán , Zbořil Radek
Published: July 2020

Detection of biological relevant analytes using inexpensive and affordable sensors is of high importance for further development of personalized healthcare. Combining electrochemistry with sensing platforms based on new emerging nanomaterials is of immense interest within the scientific community because such connection could bring amelioration in term of sensitivity and possible miniaturization to traditional sensors. Herein, nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (N-GA) was utilized for detection of biologically important analytes, dopamine and ascorbic acid. Both analytes revealed good linear relationship between current peaks and concentration with detection limit of 0.06 and 0.08 μM for dopamine and ascorbic acid, respectively. Moreover, N-GA was also applied for simultaneous detection of dopamine along with ascorbic acid in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. In this case, the limit of detection for dopamine reached value of 0.42 μM.
A New Method for Corrosion Current Measurement: the Dual-Electrochemical Cell (DEC)
Authors: Guo D. , Li M. , Joseph J. M. , Wren J. C.
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the “dual electrochemical cell” (DEC) method, a new technique that allows monitoring of corrosion current (

i

corr

) in real time with a corrosion potential

E

corr

that may change with time. In this method, the

E

corr

of a metal corroding in a solution containing the oxidant of interest is measured in the 1st cell. This potential is then continuously applied in real time to a second cell using the same metal electrode in the same solution but free of the oxidant, and the current of the 2nd cell, which represents the

i

corr

of the 1st cell, is monitored. This setup allows direct measurement of

i

corr

without having to polarize the corroding electrode away from

E

corr

.

The advantages of DEC over conventional methods are that it does not require the corroding system to be at steady state, and avoids any ambiguities associated with the extrapolation of the measured current-potential relationship to extract

i

corr

.

The

i

corr

values obtained using the DEC method were compared with those obtained using conventional polarization techniques, using dissolved metal concentrations and surface analysis observations, and the results showed that the DEC method provides the most accurate measurement of

i

corr

.
Effects of high-intensity interval exercise on muscle fatigue and SR function in rats: a comparison with moderate-intensity continuous exercise
Authors: Aibara Chihiro , Okada Naoki , Watanabe Daiki , Shi Jiayu , Wada Masanobu
Published: July 2020

Over the past decade, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) training has received attention as a more efficient training to improve endurance capacity. It is unclear, however, whether the extent of acute exercise-related muscle fatigue differs between HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise, traditional endurance training. Here we provide evidence that restoration of force production takes a longer time after HIIE, which is ascribable to long-lasting depressions in Ca2+ release of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Inhibition of central activation of the diaphragm: a mechanism of weaning failure
Authors: Laghi Franco , Shaikh Hameeda , Littleton Stephen W. , Morales Daniel , Jubran Amal , Tobin Martin J.
Published: July 2020

Research into pathophysiology of failure to wean from mechanical ventilation has excluded several factors, including contractile fatigue, but the precise mechanism remains unknown. We recorded transdiaphragmatic pressure and diaphragmatic electrical activity in patients undergoing a T-tube trial. Diaphragmatic recruitment was submaximal at the end of a failed trial despite concurrent respiratory distress, signifying that inhibition of central neural output to the diaphragm is an important mechanism of weaning failure.
Effectiveness and Safety of Panax ginseng Extract on Hepatic Dysfunction: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Shen Lei , Gwak Si Ra , Joo Jong Cheon , Song Bong Keun , Cha Seon Woo , Song Young Uk , Pyo Mi Kyung , Park Soo Jung
Published: July 2020

Background. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Panax ginseng extract (GS‐KG9) in the treatment of hepatic dysfunction. Methods. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial was conducted from December 2017 to January 2019. The trial included 60 subjects between the ages of 19 and 70 who had higher alanine transaminase (ALT) levels than the normal upper limit. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: GS‐KG9 (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30). The former was administered three GS‐KG9 capsules (3 g/day) and the latter three placebo capsules (3 g/day) twice each day orally after meals in the morning and evening for 12 weeks. The primary goal was to observe the changes in ALT and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. The safety of the treatment was assessed and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Results. Out of 60 subjects, nine were excluded from the efficacy analysis because they met the exclusion criteria. Therefore, a total of 51 subjects were evaluated for the effectiveness of the treatment (26 in the GS‐KG9 group and 25 in the placebo group). After 12 weeks of treatment, the ALT levels were significantly reduced in the GS‐KG9 group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.009). The GGT level of the GS‐KG9 group was significantly lower than that of the placebo group (p = 0.036). Mild AEs, such as diarrhea, occurred during the study. There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion. The results of this trial suggest that GS‐KG9 might be an effective and safe option for mild hepatic dysfunction. This trial is registered with KCT0004080.
On Computation of Face Index of Certain Nanotubes
Authors: Ye Ansheng , Javed Aisha , Jamil Muhammad Kamran , Abdul Sattar Kanza , Aslam Adnan , Iqbal Zahid , Fahad Asfand
Published: July 2020

Topological index is a number that can be used to characterize the graph of a molecule. Topological indices describe the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a chemical structure. In this paper, we derive the analytical closed formulas of face index of some planar molecular structures such as TUC4, TUC4C8S, TUHC6, TUC4C8R, and armchair TUVC6.
Migration and Residual Trapping of Immiscible Fluids during Cyclic Injection: Pore-Scale Observation and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Ahn Haejin , Kim Seon-Ok , Lee Minhee , Wang Sookyun
Published: July 2020

Geological CO2 sequestration (GCS) is one of the most promising technologies for mitigating greenhouse gas emission into the atmosphere. In GCS operations, residual trapping is the most favorable form of a trapping mechanism because of its storage security and capacity. In this study, the effects of cyclic injection of CO2-water on the immiscible displacement and residual trapping in pore networks were examined. For the purpose, a series of injection experiments with five sets of drainage-imbibition cycles were performed using 2D transparent micromodels and a pair of proxy fluids, n-hexane, and deionized water. The multiphase flow and immiscible displacement phenomena during drainage and imbibition processes in pore networks were visually observed, and the temporal and spatial changes in distribution and saturation of the two immiscible fluids were quantitatively estimated at the pore scale using image analysis techniques. The results showed that the mobile region of invading fluids decreased asymptotically as the randomly diverged flow paths gradually converged into less ramified ones over multiple cycles. Such decrease was accompanied by a gradual increase of the immobile region, which consists of tiny blobs and clusters of immiscible fluids. The immobile region expanded as streams previously formed by the insertion of one fluid dispersed into numerous isolated, small-scale blobs as the other fluid was newly injected. These processes repeated until the immobile region approached the main flow channels. The observations and analyses in this study implied that the application of cyclic injection in GCS operations may be used to store large-scale CO2 volume in small-scale dispersed forms, which may significantly improve the effectiveness and security of geological CO2 sequestration.
Least Squares Differential Quadrature Method for the Generalized Bagley–Torvik Fractional Differential Equation
Authors: Bota Constantin , Căruntu Bogdan , Paşca Mădălina Sofia , Ţucu Dumitru , Lăpădat Marioara
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the least squares differential quadrature method for computing approximate analytical solutions for the generalized Bagley–Torvik fractional differential equation is presented. This new method is introduced as a straightforward and accurate method, fact proved by the examples included, containing a comparison with previous results obtained by using other methods.
Heightened ACE Activity and Unfavorable Consequences in COVID-19 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Sandooja Rashi , Vura Naga Venkata Rama Krishna , Morocco Michael
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) can manifest as fever, cough, and shortness of breath and is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Occasionally, these patients may present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, as well as older age groups, are known to have a more severe disease progression and poor prognosis. In this review article, we attempt to better understand the disease process in diabetics and also discuss potential mechanisms by which diabetes may play a role in disease severity. This includes the effect of diabetes on the immune response and immune dysregulation. The role of diabetes mellitus in molecular processes including augmenting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) levels is also discussed as potential mechanisms to explain the grave prognosis seen in these patients.
Integrated Analyses of lncRNA and mRNA Profiles Reveal Characteristic and Functional Changes of Leukocytes in Qi‐Deficiency Constitution and Pi‐Qi‐Deficiency Syndrome of Chronic Superficial Gastritis
Authors: You Leiming , Liu Aijie , Sang Xiaopu , Gao Xinhui , Li Ting’An , Zhang Shen , Li Kunyu , Wang Wei , Huang Guangrui , Wang Ting , Xu Anlong
Published: July 2020

Objects. To investigate the lncRNA‐mediated trans‐ and cis‐regulation of genes expression underlying leukocyte functions and characteristics, especially the leukocyte‐related biomarkers implicated in the linkage between traditional Chinese medicine‐ (TCM‐) defined qi‐deficiency constitution (QDC) and Pi‐qi‐deficiency syndrome (PQDS) of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG). Methods. We adopted RNA‐sequencing approach to identify differential lncRNAs and genes in leukocytes, clustered expression profiles, and analyzed biological functions and pathways of differential genes to decode their potential roles in contributing to characteristics and functions of leukocytes. In addition, interaction networks were created to detail the interactions between differential genes. In particular, we explored differential lncRNAs‐mediated regulation of differential genes and predicted the subcellular location of lncRNAs to reveal their potential roles. Results. Compared with TCM‐defined balanced constitution (BC), 183 and 93 genes as well as 749 and 651 lncRNAs were differentially expressed (P < 0.05 and |log2 (fold change)| ≥1) in leukocytes of individuals from case populations 1 (QDC) and 2 (PQDS), respectively. Of them, 12 genes and 111 lncRNAs were common to each case population. Several networks were created to detail the interactions among case‐specific genes, especially case‐specific lncRNAs‐mediated regulation of case‐specific genes. Also, interaction networks were created for the common lncRNAs and genes. HCL analyses showed that differential genes and lncRNAs, especially the common genes and lncRNAs, kept similar expression patterns in both case populations. Furthermore, function enrichment analyses just indicated the common biological processes, namely, extracellular matrix organization and cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules. In addition, most common genes underwent very tight and complex regulation of many trans‐ and cis‐acting lncRNAs. In particular, of them, ADAMTSL5, COL26A1, COL27A1, MSH5, and LOC390937 could be regulated by multiple case‐specific and common lncRNAs, including the means that directs binding of the common lncRNAs to their coded proteins. The common changes in the extracellular matrix and integral components of plasma membrane related to cell‐cell adhesion/junction and communication may implicate the linkage between QDC and PQDS, contributing to alterations in characteristics and functions of leukocytes. Conclusions. These results may provide new insights into the characteristic and functional changes of leukocytes in QDC and PQDS, especially the mechanism underlying the linkage of QDC to PQDS, with potential leukocytes biomarkers for future application in integrative medicine.
SubRF_Seq: Identification of Sub-Golgi Protein Types with Random Forest with Partial Sequence Information
Authors: Cui Qingyu , Cao Yi , Bao Wenzheng , Yang Bin , Chen Yuehui
Published: July 2020

In the recent years, the subject of Golgi classification has been studied intensively. It has been scientifically proven that Golgi can synthesize many substances, such as polysaccharides, and it can also combine proteins with sugars or lipids with glycoproteins and lipoproteins. In some cells (such as liver cells), the Golgi apparatus is also involved in the synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins. Therefore, the loss of Golgi protein function may have severe effects on the human body. For example, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes are related to the loss of Golgi protein function. Because the classification of Golgi proteins has a specific effect on the treatment of these diseases, many scholars have studied the classification of Golgi proteins, but the data sets they used were complete Golgi sequences. The focus of this article is whether there is redundancy in the Golgi protein classification or, in other words, whether a part of the entire Golgi protein sequence can be used to complete the Golgi protein classification. Besides, we have adopted a new method to deal with the problem of sample imbalance. After experiments, our model has certain observability.
Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Larson Anthony S. , Brinjikji Waleed , Savastano Luis E. , Huston III John , Benson John C.
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is a known predictor of symptomatic cervical carotid artery disease. However, the association between IPH and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, patient demographics, and pertinent laboratory values has not been extensively studied. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients who have undergone dedicated carotid plaque imaging over a 3-year period. Patients were excluded if the MR examination did not include high-resolution carotid plaque imaging. Intraplaque hyperintense signal on carotid plaque images was presumed to represent IPH. The presence or absence of IPH was compared to various demographic and clinical variables. Multivariable regression analysis was performed in order to determine an independent association between variables and IPH. Results: Of 643 included patients, 114 patients (17.7%) had IPH in one or both carotids, 529 patients (82.3%) did not; 39.5% of patients with IPH had coronary artery disease compared to 23.1% of patients without (p = 0.0003). Patients with IPH also had higher proportions of hypertension (77.2 vs. 60.7%, p = 0.009), hyperlipidemia (HLD; 89.5 vs. 62.4%, p < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (29.0 vs. 18.7%, p = 0.01), and a history of tobacco smoking (63.2 vs. 52.6%, p = 0.003). Patients without IPH had, on average, higher high-density lipoprotein levels (46.1 vs. 56.7%, p = 0.003). Factors independently associated with IPH were advanced age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.1, 95% CI: [1.0–1.05], p <0.0001), male sex (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: [1.4–4.4], p = 0.0001), presence of carotid stenosis (OR: 8.4, 95% CI: [4.6–15.3], p < 0.0001), and HLD (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: [1.3–5.2], p = 0.009). Conclusions: IPH is associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, in particular advanced age, male sex, presence of carotid stenosis, and HLD. Such risk factors likely play a role in the development of IPH and may provide insight into the pathophysiology of unstable carotid plaques.
Entrevista com David Bartram
Authors: Taniguti Gustavo , Nogueira Nara Nília
Published: July 2020

Entrevista com David Bartram
Sírios e congoleses homens e mulheres refugiados no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Márcio De
Published: July 2020

O tema do refúgio não é novo no Brasil, menos ainda no mundo. Analisando dados de pesquisa realizada com 487 refugiados residentes hoje em oito estados brasileiros, apresentamos análise sobre o perfil socioeconômico, dimensões de processos integrativos e perspectivas futuras dentre sírios e congoleses homens e mulheres, egressos dos dois maiores grupos dentre as mais de 80 nacionalidades reconhecidas pelo Estado brasileiro. Inicialmente, procuramos medir o impacto da não declaração de gênero por parte dos informantes, dividindo-os em “gênero declarantes” e “gênero não-declarantes”, quando foi possível estabelecer que a não declaração de gênero não alterou os indicadores de formação escolar e renda. Em seguida, analisamos apenas o grupo dos “gênero-declarantes”, diferenciando-os por gênero. Notou-se mais atos de discriminação racial entre congoleses independente do sexo e entre as mulheres sírias. Não obstante isso, ambos grupos apresentam características similares em relação ao seu perfil socioeconômico, integração e perspectivas futuras. Apesar das inúmeras dificuldades cotidianas, demonstram interesse em permanecer no Brasil e se integrar politicamente.
Mecanismos de solidariedade étnica/nacional e imigração
Authors: Goes Allisson , Souza Marcelo , Ennes Marcelo
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como objeto principal os mecanismos de solidariedade étnica/nacional acionados em contextos imigratórios. Os estudos sobre chineses e sul-coreanos que deram origem ao artigo foram realizados entre os anos de 2011 e 2018 na cidade de Aracaju, capital do Estado de Sergipe. Para o desenvolvimento destes estudos, foram realizadas revisão bibliográfica, observação direta e entrevistas em profundidade. Os dois grupos de imigrantes se estabeleceram no comércio local por meio de atividades ligadas à venda de produtos importados e lanchonetes. A presença destes dois grupos em Aracaju se deu por meio de fluxos migratórios indiretos, de modo que antes de se estabelecerem na capital sergipana, passaram por outras cidades, em especial São Paulo. Esta trajetória revela uma dupla mobilidade, a geográfica e a social, já que a vinda para Aracaju está associada às oportunidades de passarem da condição de empregados para proprietários de estabelecimentos comerciais. O duplo processo de mobilidade é sustentado por mecanismos de solidariedade étnica/nacional acionados a partir das relações de parentesco e amizade, com base no uso do idioma e tradições culturais, tais como poupança e capitalização financeira. Este processo se desdobra, novamente, em outra dupla dinâmica, que diferencia chineses e sul-coreanos de brasileiros, de modo a produzir práticas sociais e culturais e sentimentos de pertencimentos e, ao mesmo tempo, hierarquias internas no grupo, através de papeis familiares e de classe.
A estilística de Machado de Assis em Oliver Twist e "Miss Dollar"
Authors: Brunismann Danielle Franco , Ruffini Mirian
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar duas publicações da primeira tradução de Oliver Twist para o português brasileiro, traduzida pelos escritores brasileiros Machado de Assis e Ricardo Lísias. Pretende-se identificar a estilística de Machado de Assis enquanto tradutor, por meio do romance, e escritor, pelo conto “Miss Dollar”.
Splanchnic Venous Compression Enhances the Effects of ß‐Blockade in the Treatment of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Authors: Smith Emily C. , Diedrich André , Raj Satish R. , Gamboa Alfredo , Shibao Cyndya A. , Black Bonnie K. , Peltier Amanda , Paranjape Sachin Y. , Biaggioni Italo , Okamoto Luis E.
Published: July 2020

Background

Splanchnic venous pooling induced by upright posture triggers a compensatory increase in heart rate (
HR
), a response that is exaggerated in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome. To assess whether abdominal compression attenuates orthostatic tachycardia and improves symptoms, 18 postural tachycardia syndrome patients (32±2 years) were randomized to receive either abdominal compression (40 mm Hg applied with an inflatable binder ≈2 minutes before standing) or propranolol (20 mg) in a placebo‐controlled, crossover study.

Methods and Results

Systolic blood pressure,
HR
, and symptoms were assessed while seated and standing, before and 2 hours postdrug. As expected, propranolol decreased standing
HR
compared with placebo (81±2 versus 98±4 beats per minute;
P
<0.001) and was associated with lower standing systolic blood pressure (93±2 versus 100±2 mm Hg for placebo;
P
=0.002). Compression had no effect on standing
HR
(96±4 beats per minute) but increased standing systolic blood pressure compared with placebo and propranolol (106±2 mm Hg;
P
<0.01). Neither propranolol nor compression improved symptoms compared with placebo. In 16 patients we compared the combination of abdominal compression and propranolol with propranolol alone. The combination had no additional effect on standing
HR
(81±2 beats per minute for both interventions) but prevented the decrease in standing systolic blood pressure produced by propranolol (98±2 versus 93±2 mm Hg for propranolol;
P
=0.029), and significantly improved total symptom burden (−6±2 versus −1±2 for propranolol;
P
=0.041).

Conclusions

Splanchnic venous compression alone did not improve
HR
or symptoms but prevented the blood pressure decrease produced by propranolol. The combination was more effective in improving symptoms than either alone. Splanchnic venous compression can be a useful adjuvant therapy to propranolol in postural tachycardia syndrome.

Registration

URL
:
https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov
; Unique identifier:
NCT
00262470.
Inter-rater reliability of a composite health promotion scoring system developed in Singapore
Authors: Kailasam M , Vankayalapati P , Hsann YM , Yang KS
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION In view of the important role of the environment in improving population health, implementation of health promotion programmes is recommended in living and working environments. Assessing the prevalence of such community health-promoting practices is important to identify gaps and make continuous and tangible improvements to health-promoting environments. We aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of a composite scorecard used to assess the prevalence of community health-promoting practices in Singapore. METHODS Inter-rater reliability for the use of the composite health promotion scorecards was evaluated in eight residential zones in the western region of Singapore. The assessment involved three raters, and each zone was evaluated by two raters. Health-promoting practices in residential zones were assessed based on 44 measurable elements under five domains – community support and resources, healthy behaviours, chronic conditions, mental health and common medical emergencies – in the composite scorecard using weighted kappa. The strength of agreement was determined based on Landis and Koch’s classification method. RESULTS A high degree of agreement (almost perfect-to-perfect) was observed between both raters for the measurable elements from most domains and subdomains. An exception was observed for the community support and resources domain, where there was a lower degree of agreement between the raters for a few elements. CONCLUSION The composite scorecard demonstrated a high degree of reliability and yielded similar scores for the same residential zone, even when used by different raters.
Dancing with Empty Water Bottles at L’ Afrique a un incroyable talent, Brought to You by Nestlé
Authors: Kohl Marie-Anne
Published: July 2020

Departing from a close reading of a particular performance to examplify localisation processes of the global Reality TV talent show format, this paper offers an analysis of the relationship between talent shows and patronage. Based on a concrete music and dance performance analysis, it further contributes to the more general discussion of transnational format trade and format adaptation by putting a focus on the entanglement of patronage, intervention and transformation. The analysis of the performance in question addresses how the musicians and dancers approached a concrete problem by creating a sense of belonging, involvement and disorientation through aesthetic means. With their critical stance, they position themselves in a specific local performing arts tradition, which itself is connected to earlier theatre and TV talent contests. Referring to the concept of glocalisation, I suggest that local topics of critique and intervention are part of the localising effect of the Reality TV talent show format.
Planning for Climate and the Environment: the EU Green Deal
Authors: Krämer Ludwig
Published: July 2020

The green deal, a strategy programme by the European Commission, intends to “green” the EU activities and re-orient policies and laws for the years to come, in areas such as climate and energy, agriculture and fisheries, products and services, and trade and foreign policy, the most important announcement being the adoption of an EU climate law which will ensure EU climate neutrality by 2050. This contribution tries to place the different elements of the green deal strategy into their environmental context and also to assess the probability that the proposed measures will be agreed by the European Parliament and by the Council (the Member States’ governments).
Surgical Critical Care at the Epicenter of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Latifi Rifat
Published: July 2020

The number of deaths and infected people by Corona-19 virusin 2020 around the world is alarming and numbing at the same time. It almostdifficult to remember when the world was normal, although it just started fewmonths ago. Our world and everything around have changed, our surgical practicehas changed, our life has changed, but Intensive Care Units (ICU)in WestchesterMedical center in Valhalla, NY, continue to care for the sickest of thesickest. But this time, different disease with different prognosis. Everycritical care specialist, every surgery resident and surgical critical carefellow, are COVID-19 doctors. As I round in the ICU, I imagine myself in one ofthose beds that I could have been few weeks ago. Now, fully recovered fromCOVID-19, and coming back to work is a real treat. Yet, I still have morequestions than answers.
Joy and multiple identities
Authors: Kim Enoch Jinsik
Published: July 2020

This article introduces the phenomena of multiple identities and their communication channels that today’s individuals have. Upon reviewing the sociological characteristics of multiple identity holders, they are highly connected people. Though all the people hold multiple identities, the context of the modern city connects people to ever more diverse locations. In the Bible, the multiple identity holders used by God can be categorized into the types of early adopters, bridge, guardian, peacemaker, and mobilizer. The church and mission agencies must recognize that these people can become new channels of joy and should help them fulfill their missions according to biblical principles.
Cracks in the System: The Effects of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Public Health Systems
Authors: Tulenko Kate , Vervoort Dominique
Published: July 2020

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly wrought havoc on the world, exposing the gaps in public health systems of countries that were previously considered most prepared for infectious disease outbreaks. Notably, despite being ranked highest on the Global Health Security Index, the United States has been severely hit with nearly two million confirmed cases and one hundred thousand deaths by the end of May 2020. In addition to the public health fragmentation from the federal to the state level and lagging regulations, early reports highlight substantial socioeconomic disparities and health system barriers contributing to the spread and impact of the pandemic in the United States. In this review, we explore the impact of COVID-19 on public health systems by assessing systems through the lens of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Ten Essential Public Health Services. Building on prepandemic and COVID-19 observations and lessons, we propose recommendations moving forward to prepare for future waves and other disease outbreaks.
COVID-19 Upends Pandemic Plan
Authors: Kirlin John
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 quickly spread worldwide, with over 113,000 deaths in the United States by June 2020. Governments at all levels in this nation responded. This analysis starts with a basic question: How did prior planning for pandemics shape responses? A second question emerges: why were data systems inadequate? Expectations, policies, and procedures focused on addressing influenza pandemics shaped responses to COVID-19. Crippled by inadequate data, federal experts did not fully understand likely impacts of COVID-19 until early March. Planned public health processes were overwhelmed by a surge in infections and deaths. Decision making planned to be responses by experts moved to elected officials. Needed data were provided by sources outside government. Governors in 42 states issued stay-at-home orders, causing severe dislocations in the economy and society at a scale never experienced before as the result of deliberate public policy choices. Possible improvements for the future are discussed.