bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The complexity of kidney disease and diagnosing it – cystatin C, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes and proteome regulation
Authors: Malmgren Linnea , Öberg Carl , den Bakker Emil , Leion Felicia , Siódmiak Joanna , Åkesson Anna , Lindström Veronica , Herou Erik , Dardashti Alain , Xhakollari Liana , Grubb Gabriel , Strevens Helena , Abrahamson Magnus , Helmersson‐Karlqvist Johanna , Magnusson Martin , Björk Jonas , Nyman Ulf , Ärnlöv Johan , Ridefelt Peter , Åkerfeldt Torbjörn , Hansson Magnus , Sjöström Anna , Mårtensson Johan , Itoh Yoshihisa , Grubb David , Tenstad Olav , Hansson Lars‐Olov , Olafsson Isleifur , Campos Araceli Jarquin , Risch Martin , Risch Lorenz , Larsson Anders , Nordin Gunnar , Pottel Hans , Christensson Anders , Bjursten Henrik , Bökenkamp Arend , Grubb Anders
Published: November 2022

Estimation of kidney function is often part of daily clinical practice, mostly done by using the endogenous glomerular filtration rate (GFR)‐markers creatinine or cystatin C. A recommendation to use both markers in parallel in 2010 has resulted in new knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of kidney disorders by the identification of a new set of kidney disorders, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. These syndromes, connected to strong increases in mortality and morbidity, are characterized by a selective reduction in the glomerular filtration of 5–30 kDa molecules, such as cystatin C, compared to the filtration of small molecules <1 kDa dominating the glomerular filtrate, for example water, urea and creatinine. At least two types of such disorders, shrunken or elongated pore syndrome, are possible according to the pore model for glomerular filtration. Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes are prevalent in investigated populations, and patients with these syndromes often display normal measured GFR or creatinine‐based GFR‐estimates. The syndromes are characterized by proteomic changes promoting the development of atherosclerosis, indicating antibodies and specific receptor‐blocking substances as possible new treatment modalities. Presently, the KDIGO guidelines for diagnosing kidney disorders do not recommend cystatin C as a general marker of kidney function and will therefore not allow the identification of a considerable number of patients with selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. Furthermore, as cystatin C is uninfluenced by muscle mass, diet or variations in tubular secretion and cystatin C‐based GFR‐estimation equations do not require controversial race or sex terms, it is obvious that cystatin C should be a part of future KDIGO guidelines.
Personality maturation through sense of mastery? Longitudinal evidence from two education‐to‐work transition studies
Authors: Reitz Anne K. , den Boer Liselotte , van Scheppingen Manon A. , Diwan Ketaki
Published: November 2022

Objective

Why personality changes in young adulthood remains a critical theoretical and empirical question. We studied personality change during the education‐to‐work transition, including mean‐level personality change and its specific timing, the degree of individual variability in change, and the link between sense of mastery and personality change.

Methods

We used two intensive longitudinal studies. Study 1 included 5 waves of data across 2 years during the university‐to‐work transition (N = 309; mean‐aged 25). Study 2 included 3 waves of data across 8 months during an internship‐heavy teacher education program (N = 317; mean‐aged 22). We measured personality traits and work‐related mastery with questionnaires and personality states and general mastery with the experience sampling method.

Results

First, we found no evidence for mean‐level personality maturation but decreases in trait Conscientiousness. Second, young adults differed significantly in personality trait and state change. Third, young adults with higher levels of work‐related sense of mastery showed more positive changes in trait Conscientiousness. Decreases in general sense of mastery predicted later decreases in state Emotional Stability and vice versa. Change in general sense of mastery correlated with personality state change.

Conclusions

Sense of mastery seems to be part of a dynamic short‐term process underlying personality change in young adulthood.
Tool use by the orange wrasse Pseudolabrus luculentus and doubleheader Coris bulbifrons
Authors: Pryor Kimberley Jane
Published: November 2022

The present study investigated whether temperate wrasses in a geographical location in the southern hemisphere break open crab prey on anvils. Here, tool‐use behaviour is reported in two temperate wrasses, the orange wrasse Pseudolabrus luculentus and the doubleheader Coris bulbifrons, at Lord Howe Island, Australia. In addition to the previous observations of this behaviour, these findings suggest that tool use is common and may be ubiquitous, in medium‐sized carnivorous wrasses that are undergoing an ontogenetic shift from soft‐bodied to hard‐shelled prey.
Carbon assimilation in upper subtidal macroalgae is determined by an inverse correlation between Rubisco carboxylation efficiency and CO2 concentrating mechanism effectiveness
Authors: Capó‐Bauçà Sebastià , Galmés Jeroni , Aguiló‐Nicolau Pere , Ramis‐Pozuelo Sonia , Iñiguez Concepción
Published: November 2022

Seaweeds have a wide ecophysiological and phylogenetic diversity with species expressing different Rubisco forms that frequently coexist with biophysical CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), an adaptation that overcomes the low CO2 availability and gas diffusion in seawater.

Here, we assess the possible coevolution between the Rubisco catalysis and the type and effectiveness of CCMs present in six upper subtidal macroalgal species belonging to three phylogenetic groups of seaweeds.

A wide diversity in the Rubisco kinetic traits was found across the analyzed species, although the specificity factor was the only parameter explained by the expressed Rubisco form. Differences in the catalytic trade‐offs were found between Rubisco forms, indicating that ID Rubiscos could be better adapted to the intracellular O2 : CO2 ratio found in marine organisms during steady‐state photosynthesis. The biophysical components of the CCMs also differed among macroalgal species, resulting in different effectiveness to concentrate CO2 around Rubisco active sites. Interestingly, an inverse relationship was found between the effectiveness of CCMs and the in vitro Rubisco carboxylation efficiency, which possibly led to a similar carboxylation potential across the analyzed macroalgal species.

Our results demonstrate a coevolution between Rubisco kinetics and CCMs across phylogenetically distant marine macroalgal species sharing the same environment.
Revisiting the oil droplet sign in keratoconus: Utility for early keratoconus diagnosis and screening
Authors: Gideon Abou Said Arige , Piñero David P. , Shneor Einat
Published: November 2022

Purpose

An annular dark shadow (ADS) reflex has been observed while performing direct ophthalmoscopy on subjects with keratoconus. This study describes a method that may serve as a diagnostic technique for early keratoconus and may be used as a quantitative measure of severity.

Methods

Healthy keratoconic subjects and keratoconus suspects underwent corneal tomography and a full ocular examination. Keratoconus severity was graded based on Belin ABCD criteria. An iPhone camera was connected to a direct ophthalmoscope to take a picture of the eye. The height of the ASD was measured using the AutoCAD software. Differences between subject groups were evaluated by chi‐squared and Mann–Whitney tests. Spearman correlation compared ocular parameters and the height of the ADS. A multiple stepwise linear regression was used to predict the height of the ADS based on clinical parameters.

Results

Fifty‐eight subjects participated in this study: 37 healthy controls (37 eyes) and 21 keratoconics or keratoconus suspects (37 eyes). The ADS was present in all keratoconic and keratoconus‐suspect eyes but in none of the controls. The height of the ADS was significantly correlated with keratoconus severity. Front corneal surface root mean square of higher order aberrations, sphere and anterior radius of curvature from the front apex curve are significant predictors of the height of the ADS.

Conclusions and relevance

The ADS may be a useful method to diagnose keratoconus and keratoconus‐suspect cases and serve as a grading and follow‐up method for tracking disease severity.
Blueberry muffin baby secondary to ganglioneuroblastoma
Authors: Montero‐Vilchez Trinidad , Navarro‐Pelayo Isabel , Sanchez‐Díaz Manuel , Ortega‐Acosta Maria‐Jose , Arias‐Santiago Salvador , Tercedor‐Sanchez Jesus
Published: November 2022

We report the case of a neonate presenting with the clinical features of blueberry muffin syndrome caused by ganglioneuroblastoma, a rare variant of neuroblastoma. This syndrome may be the only visible manifestation of a neonatal tumor and highlights the importance of early recognition and initiation of therapy to reduce mortality.
On the Periodicity of the Rational Dynamical System Corresponding to the Vannimenus–Ising Model
Authors: Akin Hasan
Published: November 2022

The universal behaviors of a rational dynamical system associated with the Vannimenus–Ising model having two coupling constants on a Cayley tree of order three are studied. Cobweb diagrams and related map iterates for some relevant parameters are investigated. The local stability of fixed points is discussed and illustrated through cobweb diagrams. We deal with quantitative universality, such as orbit diagrams and Lyapunov exponents for a class of rational maps. We show that our model is periodic using orbit diagrams and relevant Lyapunov exponents.
Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer for Frequency Regulation of Wind Contributed Microgrid System
Authors: Ramesh Maloth , Yadav Anil Kumar , Pathak Pawan Kumar
Published: November 2022

The high penetration of renewable energy resources (RESs) based microgrids (MGs) into the modern power system brings severe system frequency fluctuations due to RESs uncertain nature. In such cases, supplying an MG model with an effective load frequency control (LFC) plays a crucial part in regaining the stability of the electrical network. In this work, a wind turbine generator (WTG) and diesel generator (DEG) are efficiently planned as autonomous diesel wind energy-based microgrid (DWMG). A wind-contributed dynamic model, speed regulator, and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) frequency controller are designed to make the WTG system aware of power fluctuations. Additionally, an integral type sliding mode control (I-SMC) is designed to generate the supplementary control action for the frequency regulation against the load and source uncertainties. A recently invented artificial gorilla troops optimizer (GTO) is utilized to obtain the controller parameters. The results reveal the proposed method's benefits, such as least frequency deviations, shorter settling time, and minimum integral errors over state-of-the-art methodologies.
Construction of Friction Model of the Third Body Layer and Its Effects on the Dynamic Characteristics in Brake System
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Wei Daogao , Wu Bofu , Jiang Ping
Published: November 2022

The noise of disk brake pair has always been a difficult problem for enterprises and researchers. Many factors induce the noise of disk brake pair, among which the influence of the third body particle flow generated by the external gravel or its own abrasive debris has not been paid much attention. Three-body contact has different friction properties and requires a new friction model to describe it. This paper presents a friction model of disk brake pair on the basis of the predecessors. The new model further considers the influence of the third body on the nonlinear behavior of the brake system on the basis of the previous model of the brake pair. Through numerical simulation, it is concluded that the geometry size of the third body has great influence on the stability interval of the braking system. Finally, the influence of the third body particles on the motion stability of the braking system under different particle size ranges is studied. It is found that larger particle size can improve the motion stability of the system.
On the Use of Half-Implicit Numerical Integration in Multibody Dynamics
Authors: Fang Luning , Kissel Alexandra , Zhang Ruochun , Negrut Dan
Published: November 2022

This work highlights the use of half-implicit numerical integration in the context of the index three differential algebraic equations (DAEs) of multibody dynamics. Although half-implicit numerical integration is well established for ordinary differential equations problems, to the best of our knowledge, no formal discussion covers its use in the context of index three DAEs of multibody dynamics. We wish to address this since when compared to fully implicit methods, half-implicit integration has two attractive features: (i) the solution method does not require the computation of the Jacobian associated with the constraint, friction, contact, or user-defined applied forces; and (ii) the solution is simpler to implement. Moreover, for nonstiff problems, half-implicit numerical integration yields a faster solution. Herein, we outline the numerical method and demonstrate it in conjunction with three mechanisms. We report on convergence order behavior and solution speed. The Python software developed to generate the results reported is available as open in a public repository for reproducibility studies.
Design of a Flexible Transducer Array and Characterisation of Piezoelectric Sensors for Curvature Compensation
Authors: Boerkamp Christiaan , Costa Tiago L. , Jovanova Jovana
Published: November 2022

Flexible ultrasound has emerged as the basis for wearable devices in healthcare. In this work, a flexible 1D phased transducer array has been proposed. This transducer array includes piezoelectric sensors underneath the transducer array, which detect its local curvature at different locations, corresponding to the positions of each piezoelectric sensor. Using FEA a simulation study was created, resulting in a deformed transducer array in which the number of curves and the number of sensors are varied. The piezoelectric sensors detect the local curvature resulting in a displacement map along the array. The sensing error of these sensors is calculated by taking the difference between the detected curvature from the sensors and the actual curvature the PCB was subjected to during the simulations. The results of these simulations show that, an increase of sensors results in a noticeable decrease in sensing error up to 9 sensors. Increasing the number of sensors after that point decreases the sensing error to a negligible value. The curvature information gathered from the piezoelectric sensors was then used to allow for the generation of focused ultrasound beams. To enable this, ultrasound beamforming algorithms were augmented to include curvature correction. These simulations showed that, despite a slight decrease in beam pressure of a curved transducer array compared to an uncurved array, the sensors can effectively detect and compensate for curvature in ultrasound transducer arrays.
Alterations in the Functional Knee Alignment Are Not an Effective Strategy to Modify the Mediolateral Distribution of Knee Forces During Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises
Authors: Bosch Will , Esrafilian Amir , Vartiainen Paavo , Arokoski Jari , Korhonen Rami K. , Stenroth Lauri
Published: November 2022

Pain felt while performing rehabilitation exercises could be a reason for the low adherence of knee osteoarthritis patients to physical rehabilitation. Reducing compressive forces on the most affected knee regions may help to mitigate the pain. Knee frontal plane positioning with respect to pelvis and foot (functional knee alignment) has been shown to modify the mediolateral distribution of the tibiofemoral joint contact force in walking. Hence, different functional knee alignments could be potentially used to modify joint loading during rehabilitation exercises. The aim was to understand whether utilizing different alignments is an effective strategy to unload specific knee areas while performing rehabilitation exercises. Eight healthy volunteers performed 5 exercises with neutral, medial, and lateral knee alignment. A musculoskeletal model was modified for improved prediction of tibiofemoral contact forces and used to evaluate knee joint kinematics, moments, and contact forces. Functional knee alignment had only a small and inconsistent effect on the mediolateral distribution joint contact force. Moreover, the magnitude of tibiofemoral and patellofemoral contact forces, knee moments, and measured muscle activities was not significantly affected by the alignment. Our results suggest that altering the functional knee alignment is not an effective strategy to unload specific knee regions in physical rehabilitation.
Radical and ionic
meta
-C–H functionalization of pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines
Authors: Cao Hui , Cheng Qiang , Studer Armido
Published: November 2022

Carbon-hydrogen (C−H) functionalization of pyridines is a powerful tool for the rapid construction and derivatization of many agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Because of the inherent electronic properties of pyridines, selective
meta
-C−H functionalization is challenging. Here, we present a protocol for highly regioselective
meta
-C−H trifluoromethylation, perfluoroalkylation, chlorination, bromination, iodination, nitration, sulfanylation, and selenylation of pyridines through a redox-neutral dearomatization-rearomatization process. The introduced dearomative activation mode provides a diversification platform for meta-selective reactions on pyridines and other azaarenes through radical as well as ionic pathways. The broad scope and high selectivity of these catalyst-free reactions render these processes applicable for late-stage functionalization of drugs.
Shockley was a racist and eugenicist
Authors: Thorp H. Holden
Published: November 2022

This week’s issue on the 75th anniversary of the transistor describes a triumph of both basic and applied science. What started out as studies on the fundamental physics of silicon led to the device that makes it possible to read this article online. The coinventor of the transistor, William Shockley, who along with John Bardeen and Walter Brattain won the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics, is correctly recognized as a primary architect of the computer age. Gordon Moore (cofounder of Intel Corporation) famously said that Shockley put the silicon in “Silicon Valley.” Appallingly, Shockley devoted the latter part of his life to promoting racist views, arguing that higher IQs among Blacks were correlated with higher extents of Caucasian ancestry, and advocating for voluntary sterilization of Black women. At the time,
Science
did not condemn Shockley for what he was: a charlatan who used his scientific credentials to advance racist ideology.
Shelter from the storm
Authors: Cornwall Warren
Published: November 2022

A plan to wall off Houston and nearby industry from flooding caused by hurricanes will cost tens of billions of dollars. Will it be enough?
Evidence for Widespread Class II Microcins in
Enterobacterales
Genomes
Authors: Cole T. Jeffrey , Parker Jennifer K. , Feller Aaron L. , Wilke Claus O. , Davies Bryan W.
Published: November 2022

Class II microcins are small bacteriocins produced by strains of Gram-negative bacteria in the
Enterobacteriaceae
. They are generally understood to play a role in interbacterial competition, although direct evidence of this is limited, and they could prove informative in developing new peptide antibiotics.
Fifteen-minute consultation: Recognition and management of eating disorders presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Rothwell Luke , Vivek Kavyesh , Nicholls Dasha , Maconochie Ian , Dyer Emma M
Published: November 2022

Eating disorder presentations in children and young people during the COVID-19 pandemic have increased, and this has become a common presentation to paediatric emergency departments (EDs). We cover a structured approach on identifying and managing these presentations within the ED including history taking, what to look for on examination, what investigations are needed and how to decide who requires admission to hospital.
Effects of a mindfulness-based and acceptance-based group programme
followed by physical activity for patients with fibromyalgia: a randomised
controlled trial
Authors: Haugmark Trond , Hagen Kåre Birger , Provan Sella Aarrestad , Smedslund Geir , Zangi Heidi A
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Non-pharmacological approaches are recommended as first-line
treatment for patients with fibromyalgia. This randomised controlled
trial investigated the effects of a multicomponent rehabilitation
programme for patients with recently diagnosed fibromyalgia in primary
and secondary healthcare.

Methods

Patients with widespread pain ≥3 months were referred to
rheumatologists for diagnostic clarification and assessment of study
eligibility. Inclusion criteria were age 20–50 years, engaged in work or
studies at present or during the past 2 years, and fibromyalgia
diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology 2010
criteria. All eligible patients participated in a short patient
education programme before inclusion and randomisation. The
multicomponent programme, a 10-session mindfulness-based and
acceptance-based group programme followed by 12 weeks of physical
activity counselling was evaluated in comparison with treatment as
usual, that is, no treatment or any other treatment of their choice. The
primary outcome was the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC).
Secondary outcomes were self-reported pain, fatigue, sleep quality,
psychological distress, physical activity, health-related quality of
life and work ability at 12-month follow-up.

Results

In total, 170 patients were randomised, 1:1, intervention:control.
Overall, the multicomponent rehabilitation programme was not more
effective than treatment as usual; 13% in the intervention group and 8%
in the control group reported clinically relevant improvement in PGIC
(p=0.28). No statistically significant between-group differences were
found in any disease-related secondary outcomes. There were significant
between-group differences in patient’s tendency to be mindful (p=0.016)
and perceived benefits of exercise (p=0.033) in favour of the
intervention group.

Conclusions

A multicomponent rehabilitation programme combining patient
education with a mindfulness-based and acceptance-based group programme
followed by physical activity counselling was not more effective than
patient education and treatment as usual for patients with recently
diagnosed fibromyalgia at 12-month follow-up.

Trial registration number

BMC Registry (NCT96836577).
A systematic review of strategies adopted to scale up COVID-19 testing in low-, middle- and high-income countries
Authors: Muttamba Winters , O'Hare Bernadette Ann-Marie , Saxena Vibhor , Bbuye Mudarshiru , Tyagi Parul , Ramsay Andrew , Kirenga Bruce , Sabiiti Wilber
Published: November 2022

Objective

We undertook a systematic review of strategies adopted to scale up COVID-19 testing in countries across income levels to identify successful approaches and facilitate learning.

Methods

Scholarly articles in English from PubMed, Google scholar and Google search engine describing strategies used to increase COVID-19 testing in countries were reviewed. Deductive analysis to allocate relevant text from the reviewed publications/reports to the a priori themes was done.

Main results

The review covered 32 countries, including 11 high-income, 2 upper-middle-income, 13 lower-middle-income and 6 low-income countries. Most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) increased the number of laboratories available for testing and deployed sample collection and shipment to the available laboratories. The high-income countries (HICs) that is, South Korea, Germany, Singapore and USA developed molecular diagnostics with accompanying regulatory and legislative framework adjustments to ensure the rapid development and use of the tests. HICs like South Korea leveraged existing manufacturing systems to develop tests, while the LMICs leveraged existing national disease control programmes (HIV, tuberculosis, malaria) to increase testing. Continent-wide, African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention-led collaborations increased testing across most African countries through building capacity by providing testing kits and training.

Conclusion

Strategies taken appear to reflect the existing systems or economies of scale that a particular country could leverage. LMICs, for example, drew on the infectious disease control programmes already in place to harness expertise and laboratory capacity for COVID-19 testing. There however might have been strategies adopted by other countries but were never published and thus did not appear anywhere in the searched databases.
Quality of working life of medical doctors and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional survey in public hospitals in China
Authors: Tang Changmin , Guan Cuiling , Liu Chaojie
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To assess the quality of working life (QWL) of medical doctors and associated risk factors.

Setting and participants

A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 2915 medical doctors from 48 hospitals was conducted in China.

Methods

The QWL-7–32 scale was adopted to assess seven domains of QWL: physical health, mental health, job and career satisfaction, work passion and initiative, professional pride, professional competence, and balance between work and family.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Data were analysed using SPSS V.19.0. Analysis of variance tests and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and job factors associated with overall QWL and its seven subdomain scores.

Results

On average, the respondents reported an overall QWL score of 92.51 (SD=17.74) of a possible 160. Over 35% of respondents reported more than 60 hours of weekly working time; 59.9% experienced night sleep deprivation frequently; 16.6% encountered workplace violence frequently. The multivariate regression models revealed that the eastern region (β≤−2.887 for non-eastern regions, p<0.001), shorter working hours (β≤−2.638 for over 40 hours a week, p<0.01), less frequent night sleep deprivation (β≤−5.366 for sometimes or frequent, p<0.001), higher income (β≥2.795 for lower income, p<0.001) and less frequent encounters of workplace violence (β≤−9.267 for sometimes or frequent, p<0.001) were significant predictors of higher QWL. Night sleep deprivation and workplace violence were common predictors (p<0.05) for all seven domains of QWL.

Conclusion

The low QWL of medical doctors working in public hospitals in China is evident, which is associated with high workloads, low rewards and workplace violence. There are also significant regional differences in the QWL of medical doctors, with the eastern developed region featuring better QWL. Public hospitals in China are facing serious challenges in occupational health and safety, which needs to be addressed through a systems approach.
LAMC2 as a prognostic biomarker in human cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Tao , Liu Jun-Xia , Xie Juan , Gao Zhen , Yang Zhenshan
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Accumulating evidence suggested that the laminin γ2 (LAMC2) expression level was upregulated in various cancers. However, the potential prognostic value of LAMC2 in cancers remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association of LAMC2 expression with prognosis.

Design

We searched Embase, Web of Science and PubMed (up to 25 November 2021) to collect all eligible studies, and meta-analysis was performed to interpret the association of LAMC2 expression with clinicopathological parameters, overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Eligibility criteria for including studies

We included studies that investigate the relationship between LAMC2 and prognosis of cancers, patients were divided into two groups, and associations of LAMC2 expression with clinicopathological features were described.

Results

Seven studies were finally included. We found that increased LAMC2 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (log OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.38, p<0.001), tumour-node-metastasis stages (log OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.50, p<0.001) and tumour status (log OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.68, p<0.001), but not with age (log OR −0.05, 95% CI −0.37 to 0.27, p=0.75) or gender (log OR −0.07, 95% CI −0.52 to 0.38, p=0.75). In addition, higher LAMC2 expression was found to be significantly associated with OS/PFS/DSS (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.40, p<0.001). A similar result was found in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. High LAMC2 expression was significantly associated with OS in lung adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, skin cutaneous melanoma, neck squamous cell carcinoma and brain lower grade glioma.

Conclusion

Our results suggested that higher LAMC2 expression was correlated with worse survival, lymph node metastasis, tumour-node-metastasis stages and tumour status. This study was subject to inherent limitations, but the results presented here provide insights regarding the potential use of LAMC2 as a biomarker for human cancer.

Study registration

researchregistry.com (researchregistry1319).
Discussing results of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between patients and healthcare professionals in routine dialysis care: a qualitative study
Authors: van der Willik Esmee M , Milders Jet , Bart Johannes A J , Bos Willem Jan W , van Ittersum Frans J , ten Dam Marc A G J , Hemmelder Marc H , Dekker Friedo W , Meuleman Yvette
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide insight into patients’ experienced health and needs, and can improve patient–professional communication. However, little is known about how to discuss PROM results. This study aimed to provide in-depth knowledge of patients’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences with and perspectives on discussing PROM results as part of routine dialysis care.

Design

A qualitative study was performed using an interpretive description approach. Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 patients and healthcare professionals. Interviews focused on general and specific situations (eg, addressing sensitive topics or when no medical treatment is available). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively using thematic analysis.

Setting

Participants were purposively sampled from eight dialysis centres across the Netherlands.

Participants

Interviews were conducted with 10 patients receiving dialysis treatment and 12 healthcare professionals (nephrologists and nurses).

Results

Patients and healthcare professionals provided practical guidance for optimal discussion about PROM results. First, patients and healthcare professionals emphasised that PROM results should always be discussed and indicated how to create a suitable setting, adequately prepare, deal with time constraints and use PROMs as a tool for personalised holistic consultations. Second, patients should actively participate and healthcare professionals should take a guiding role. A trusting patient–professional relationship was considered a prerequisite and patient–professional interaction was described as a collaboration in which both contribute their knowledge, experiences and ideas. Third, follow-up after discussing PROM results was considered important, including evaluations and actions (eg, symptom management) structurally embedded into the multidisciplinary treatment process. These general themes also applied to the specific situations, for example: results should also be discussed when no medical treatment is available. Though, healthcare professionals were expected to take more initiative and a leading role when discussing sensitive topics.

Conclusions

This study provides insight into how to organise and conduct conversations about PROM results and lays the foundation for training healthcare professionals to optimally discuss PROM results in routine nephrology care. Further research is needed to provide guidance on follow-up actions in response to specific PROM results.
Hemorrhage rates in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous alteplase and thrombectomy versus thrombectomy alone
Authors: van Kranendonk Katinka R , Kappelhof Manon , Bruggeman Agnetha A E , Rinkel Leon A , Treurniet Kilian M , LeCouffe Natalie , Emmer Bart J , Coutinho Jonathan M , Wolff Lennard , van Zwam Wim H , van Oostenbrugge Robert J , van der Lugt Aad , Dippel Diederik W J , Roos Yvo B W E M , Marquering Henk A , Majoie Charles B L M
Published: November 2022

Background

Intravenous alteplase treatment (IVT) for acute ischemic stroke carries a risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). However, reperfusion of an occluded vessel itself may contribute to the risk of ICH. We determined whether IVT and reperfusion are associated with ICH or its volume in the Multicenter Randomized Clinical trial of Endovascular treatment for Acute ischemic stroke in the Netherlands (MR CLEAN)-NO IV trial.

Methods

The MR CLEAN-NO IV trial randomized patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion to receive either IVT followed by endovascular treatment (EVT) or EVT alone. ICH was classified according to the Heidelberg bleeding classification on follow-up MRI or CT approximately 8 hours−7 days after stroke. Hemorrhage volume was measured with ITK-snap. Successful reperfusion was defined as extended Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) score of 2b-3. Multinomial and binary adjusted logistic regression were used to determine the association of IVT and reperfusion with ICH subtypes.

Results

Of 539 included patients, 173 (32%) developed ICH and 30 suffered from symptomatic ICH (sICH) (6%). Of the patients with ICH, 102 had hemorrhagic infarction, 47 had parenchymal hematoma, 44 had SAH, and six had other ICH. Reperfusion was associated with a decreased risk of SAH, and IVT was not associated with SAH (eTICI 2b-3: adjusted OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.97; EVT without IVT: OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.91 to 2.8). Reperfusion status and IVT were not associated with overall ICH, hemorrhage volume, and sICH (sICH: EVT without IVT, OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.25; eTICI 2b-3, OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.05).

Conclusion

Neither IVT administration before EVT nor successful reperfusion after EVT were associated with ICH, hemorrhage volume, and sICH. SAH occurred more often in patients for whom successful reperfusion was not achieved.
Association of intravenous thrombolysis and pre-interventional reperfusion: a post hoc analysis of the SWIFT DIRECT trial
Authors: Mujanovic Adnan , Eker Omer , Marnat Gaultier , Strbian Daniel , Ijäs Petra , Préterre Cécile , Triquenot Aude , Albucher Jean François , Gauberti Maxime , Weisenburger-Lile David , Ernst Marielle , Nikoubashman Omid , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Gory Benjamin , Tuan Hua Vi , Ribo Marc , Liebeskind David S , Dobrocky Tomas , Meinel Thomas R , Buetikofer Lukas , Gralla Jan , Fischer Urs , Kaesmacher Johannes
Published: November 2022

Background

A potential benefit of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is pre-interventional reperfusion. Currently, there are few data on the occurrence of pre-interventional reperfusion in patients randomized to IVT or no IVT before MT.

Methods

SWIFT DIRECT (Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy Plus Intravenous t-PA vs DIRECT Solitaire Stent-retriever Thrombectomy in Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke) was a randomized controlled trial including acute ischemic stroke IVT eligible patients being directly admitted to a comprehensive stroke center, with allocation to IVT with MT versus MT alone. The primary endpoint of this analysis was the occurrence of pre-interventional reperfusion, defined as a pre-interventional expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score of ≥2a. The effect of IVT and potential treatment effect heterogeneity were analyzed using logistic regression analyses.

Results

Of 396 patients, pre-interventional reperfusion occurred in 20 (10.0%) patients randomized to IVT with MT, and in 7 (3.6%) patients randomized to MT alone. Receiving IVT favored the occurrence of pre-interventional reperfusion (adjusted OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.23 to 6.87). There was no IVT treatment effect heterogeneity on the occurrence of pre-interventional reperfusion with different strata of Randomization-to-Groin-Puncture time (p for interaction=0.33), although the effect tended to be stronger in patients with a Randomization-to-Groin-Puncture time >28 min (adjusted OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.16 to 18.68). There were no significant differences in rates of functional outcomes between patients with and without pre-interventional reperfusion.

Conclusion

Even for patients with proximal large vessel occlusions and direct access to MT, IVT resulted in an absolute increase of 6% in rates of pre-interventional reperfusion. The influence of time strata on the occurrence of pre-interventional reperfusion should be studied further in an individual patient data meta-analysis of comparable trials.

Trial registration number

clinicaltrials.govNCT03192332.
Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery: position statement on pregnancy and parental leave for physicians practicing neurointerventional surgery
Authors: Baker Amanda , Narayanan Sandra , Tsai Jenny P , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I , Haranhalli Neil , Fraser Justin F , Hetts Steven W ,   SNIS Standards and Guidelines Committee
Published: November 2022

Background

The aim of this article is to outline a position statement on pregnancy and parental leave for physicians practicing neurointerventional surgery.

Methods

We performed a structured literature review regarding parental leave policies in neurointerventional surgery and related fields. The recommendations resulted from discussion among the authors, and additional input from the Women in NeuroIntervention Committee, the full Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS) Standards and Guidelines Committee, and the SNIS Board of Directors.

Results

Some aspects of workplace safety during pregnancy are regulated by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Other aspects of the workplace and reasonable job accommodations are legally governed by the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, the Affordable Care Act of 2010 and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as well as rights and protections put forth by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration as part of the United States Department of Labor. Family friendly policies have been associated not only with improved job satisfaction but also with improved parental and infant outcomes. Secondary effects of such accommodations are to increase the number of women within the specialty.

Conclusions

SNIS supports a physician’s ambition to have a family as well as start, develop, and maintain a career in neurointerventional surgery. Legal and regulatory mandates and family friendly workplace policies should be considered when institutions and individual practitioners approach the issue of childbearing in the context of a career in neurointerventional surgery.
Retinal toxicity in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus on hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Almeida-Brasil Celline C , Hanly John G , Urowitz Murray , Clarke Ann Elaine , Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo , Gordon Caroline , Ramsey-Goldman Rosalind , Petri Michelle A , Ginzler Ellen M , Wallace Daniel J , Bae Sang-Cheol , Romero-Diaz Juanita , Dooley Mary-Anne , Peschken Christine , Isenberg David , Rahman Anisur , Manzi Susan , Jacobsen Søren , Lim S Sam , van Vollenhoven Ronald , Nived Ola , Jönsen Andreas , Kamen Diane L , Aranow Cynthia , Sánchez-Guerrero Jorge , Gladman Dafna D , Fortin Paul R , Alarcon Graciela S , Merrill Joan T , Kalunian Kenneth , Ramos-Casals Manuel , Steinsson Kristjan , Zoma A , Askanase Anca D , Khamashta Munther , Bruce Ian N , Inanc Murat , Lukusa Luck , Bernatsky Sasha
Published: November 2022

Objective

To evaluate hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-related retinal toxicity in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort.

Methods

Data were collected at annual study visits between 1999 and 2019. We followed patients with incident SLE from first visit on HCQ (time zero) up to time of retinal toxicity (outcome), death, loss-to-follow-up or end of study. Potential retinal toxicity was identified from SLICC Damage Index scores; cases were confirmed with chart review. Using cumulative HCQ duration as the time axis, we constructed univariate Cox regression models to assess if covariates (ie, HCQ daily dose/kg, sex, race/ethnicity, age at SLE onset, education, body mass index, renal damage, chloroquine use) were associated with HCQ-related retinal toxicity.

Results

We studied 1460 patients (89% female, 52% white). Retinal toxicity was confirmed in 11 patients (incidence 1.0 per 1000 person-years, 0.8% overall). Average cumulative time on HCQ in those with retinal toxicity was 7.4 (SD 3.2) years; the first case was detected 4 years after HCQ initiation. Risk of retinal toxicity was numerically higher in older patients at SLE diagnosis (univariate HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.09).

Conclusions

This is the first assessment of HCQ and retinal disease in incident SLE. We did not see any cases of retinopathy within the first 4 years of HCQ. Cumulative HCQ may be associated with increased risk. Ophthalmology monitoring (and formal assessment of cases of potential toxicity, by a retinal specialist) remains important, especially in patients on HCQ for 10+ years, those needing higher doses and those of older age at SLE diagnosis.
Climatic conditions limit wolverine distribution in the Cascade Range of southwestern North America
Authors: Aubry Keith B. , Raley Catherine M. , Shirk Andrew J. , McKelvey Kevin S. , Copeland Jeffrey P.
Published: November 2022

Recolonization of the Cascade Range in southern British Columbia, Canada, and Washington, USA, by wolverines ( Gulo gulo (L., 1758)) is an ongoing process whose ultimate outcome is unknown. A reliable species distribution model for the wolverine in the Cascades (i.e., their first-order habitat selection) is urgently needed to help inform management and conservation strategies. Using Argos location data obtained on 10 resident adult wolverines (six females, four males) from 2008 to 2016, we generated a multi-covariate species distribution model for the wolverine in the Cascades. Our final model included three climatic covariates and their quadratic terms: Proximity to the Transitional Zone Near Alpine Tree Line, Number of Frost-free Days per Year, and Annual Precipitation as Snow. Model validations indicated that our model was robust and could identify areas of potential wolverine distribution in the Cascades reliably. Our model provides evidence that wolverine distribution in the Cascades is constrained by climatic conditions and that snowy and cold environments define the geographic areas that are overwhelmingly associated with resident wolverines. In addition, our model provides a reliable basis for monitoring the direct effects of climate change on wolverines in the Cascade Range and for predicting the extent to which climate change may impact their populations under various scenarios.
Strange Quark Star (SQS) in Tolman IV potential with density dependent B-parameter and charge
Authors: Goswami K. B. , Roy R. , Saha A. , Chattopadhyay P. K.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the solutions of Einstein–Maxwell Field Equations for relativistic strange quark star in Tolman-IV potential considering MIT bag model EoS $$p=\frac{1}{3}(\rho -4B)$$

p
=

1
3

(
ρ
-
4
B
)

of interior matter in presence of charge in higher dimensions is presented, where B is bag parameter. Here we consider density dependent B as it has more practical application. We note some interesting results. It is observed that interior of a strange quark star may contain bulk stable quarks as a whole having energy per baryon $$E_B<930.4$$

E
B

<
930.4

MeV/fm$$^3$$

3

or stable quark matter core enclosed by a thin metastable quark matter layer enveloped by unstable quark matter. It is also found that interior composition depends on the value of space-time dimension (D) and net charge (Q). The model presented in this paper satisfies all the necessary stability and energy conditions for a viable stellar configuration. We also note the maximum mass of stable strange quark star is 1.773 $$M_{\odot }$$

M
⊙

for density dependent B and 1.684 $$M_{\odot }$$

M
⊙

for constant B.
Trade synchronization and social ties in stock markets
Authors: Baltakienė Margarita , Baltakys Kęstutis , Kanniainen Juho
Published: November 2022

Previous studies suggest that individuals sharing similar characteristics establish stronger social relationships. This motivates us to examine what combinations of socioeconomic investor attributes are more likely to be associated with joint trading behavior. We use a unique data set on actual social ties between investors and find that similarities in investors’ age, geographical location, or length of the co-employment can affect trade synchronization under certain circumstances. Our findings have implications for the analysis of investor networks.
VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS FOR FRACTIONAL EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE EXPONENTS: EXISTENCE, MULTIPLICITY AND NONEXISTENCE RESULTS
Authors: ALSAEDI RAMZI
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we study the question of the existence and nonexistence of solutions for some fractional equations with variable exponents. This paper generalizes some analog results in the classical fractional one. As we know, there are no previous results on the nonexistence of solutions for nonlinear equations with fractional [Formula: see text]-Laplacian.
Mumpreneurship in an Effectual Dynamic: Entrepreneurial Logic and Motivations of Mumpreneurs
Authors: El Kadhi Nedra Nouir , Hamrouni Amel Dakoumi
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to examine the entrepreneurial logic of mumpreneurs in the light of effectuation theory and to analyse their entrepreneurial motivation. The research is based on qualitative data from five mumpreneurs and semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that mumpreneurs are motivated by several factors such as dissatisfaction, motherhood, independence and the need to improve their financial situation. As a result of the multiple constraints faced by mumpreneurs, the five principles of effectuation emerge as an inherent mode of operation. This study provides valuable information on how effectuation theory can be used to describe the way in which mumpreneurs, depending on their situation, create new businesses to improve their situation and better develop personally and professionally in their lives as mothers and entrepreneurs.