bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness in education: Critical debates and pragmatic considerations
Authors: Lee Winky , McCaw Christopher T. , Van Dam Nicholas T.
Published: March 2024

Mindfulness has all but become a mainstay in modern education. Yet despite the incredible enthusiasm and increased application in schools, there remains significant divergence between advocates and critics. Advocates assert that mindfulness practice promotes individual and societal health and well‐being. Meanwhile, critics question the intention and the social and political implications of promoting these ancient practices in schools, arguing that the Buddhist ethics underlying mindfulness remain incompatible with the neoliberal ideology and instrumentalism of contemporary schooling. As mindfulness has been commodified, instrumentalised and used as a therapeutic tool for acute coping, its broader potential for human growth and development may be undermined. Furthermore, scholars caution that the fledging nature of mindfulness research leaves critical questions unanswered, especially the potential for adverse effects. The work herein examines these critiques, presenting three critical considerations for mindfulness in education, and articulates practical recommendations for educational leaders, policy makers and stakeholders. We aim to empower educators and others to make judgements about the promotion and integration of mindfulness into educational settings, considering context‐specific factors such as developmental needs and capacities, as well as recommendations to support effective and ethical practice of mindfulness in education.
Exposure‐based treatments for fear and reactivity to medical procedures: A systematic review of the literature with implications for research and practice
Authors: Abdel‐Jalil Awab , Baldwin Jillian N. , Leaf Justin B.
Published: March 2024

This systematic literature review following updated PRISMA guidelines investigated the application of exposure treatments to address phobias and highly reactive patterns associated with medical procedures. Through a search of APA PsycINFO followed by screening, 62 articles were identified spanning the years 1968–2021, encompassing a total of 715 participants and 11 medical procedures. Multiple variables were assessed across these articles, and common patterns were analyzed. The review reveals general trends within the field and offers valuable insights for future researchers and practitioners. Outcomes related to participants' proximity to receiving necessary medical care were recorded and discussed. Notably, to the authors' knowledge, this review appears to be the first systematic literature review focusing on the use of exposure treatments for addressing phobias related to medical procedures as a comprehensive category.
Fluorescence ‘turn‐off–on’ assays for neomycin sulphate and K+ ions with orange‐red fluorescent molybdenum nanoclusters
Authors: Sadhu Vibhuti Atulbhai , Jha Sanjay , Park Tae Jung , Kailasa Suresh Kumar
Published: March 2024

Fluorescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) have found extensive application in recognizing molecular species. Here, orange‐red fluorescent Arg–A. paniculata–MoNCs were synthesized using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract, arginine as a ligand, and MoCl5 as a metal precursor. The Arg–A. paniculata–MoNCs complex exhibited a quantum yield (QY) of 16.91% and excitation/emission wavelengths of 400/665 nm. The synthesized Arg–A. paniculata–MoNCs successfully acted as a probe for assaying neomycin sulphate (NS) via fluorescence turn‐off and K+ ions via fluorescence turn‐on mechanisms, respectively. Moreover, the developed probe was effectively used to develop a cellulose paper strip‐based sensor for detection of NS and K+ ions. Arg–A. paniculata–MoNCs demonstrated great potential for sensing NS and K+ ions, with concentration ranges of 0.1–80 and 0.25–110 μM for NS and K+ ions, respectively. The as‐synthesized Arg–A. paniculata–MoNCs efficiently detected NS and K+ ions in food and biofluid samples, respectively.
The interlacing anticancer effect of pharmacologic ascorbate, chloroquine, and resveratrol
Authors: Makk‐Merczel Kinga , Varga Dóra , Hajdinák Péter , Szarka András
Published: March 2024

Currently, a diagnosis with KRAS mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) means a death warrant, so finding efficient therapeutic options is a pressing issue. Here, we presented that pharmacologic ascorbate, chloroquine and resveratrol co‐treatment exerted a synergistic cytotoxic effect on PDAC cell lines. The observed synergistic cytotoxicity was a general feature in all investigated cancer cell lines independent of the KRAS mutational status and seems to be independent of the autophagy inhibitory effect of chloroquine. Furthermore, it seems that apoptosis and necroptosis are also not likely to play any role in the cytotoxicity of chloroquine. Both pharmacologic ascorbate and resveratrol caused double‐strand DNA breaks accompanied by cell cycle arrest. It seems resveratrol‐induced cytotoxicity is independent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and accompanied by a significant elevation of caspase‐3/7 activity, while pharmacologic ascorbate‐induced cytotoxicity shows strong ROS dependence but proved to be caspase‐independent. Our results are particularly important since ascorbate and resveratrol are natural compounds without significant harmful effects on normal cells, and chloroquine is a known antimalarial drug that can easily be repurposed.
Does combining analytical and synthetic knowledge benefit eco‐innovation? Evidence from Norway
Authors: Vai Faraimo Jay
Published: March 2024

Analytical or synthetic knowledge is widely considered beneficial for eco‐innovation (EI). For a firm, analytical and synthetic knowledge can be acquired externally through collaboration with various partners or generated internally through R&D and other internal firm activities. However, evidence supporting the assumption that both forms of knowledge are complementary and that “doing more of all” will benefit EI is unclear. We found that external analytical and synthetic knowledge and internal analytical and synthetic knowledge all positively affect EI, with internal analytical being the most prominent. However, combining analytical and synthetic knowledge may not be beneficial for EI. The interaction between analytical and external synthetic knowledge is generally substitutive. We found a particularly significant substitutive effect between internal analytical and internal synthetic knowledge, as well as between internal analytical and external synthetic knowledge. In short, we found little evidence of complementarity between analytical and synthetic knowledge, regardless of where it is acquired from. These findings advise caution to firm managers and policymakers who are considering strategies to combine different forms of knowledge from different sources to successfully achieve EI goals.
Human induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived liver organoids grown on a Biomimesys® hyaluronic acid‐based hydroscaffold as a new model for studying human lipoprotein metabolism
Authors: Roudaut Meryl , Caillaud Amandine , Souguir Zied , Bray Lise , Girardeau Aurore , Rimbert Antoine , Croyal Mikaël , Lambert Gilles , Patitucci Murielle , Delpouve Gaspard , Vandenhaute Élodie , Le May Cédric , Maubon Nathalie , Cariou Bertrand , Si‐Tayeb Karim
Published: March 2024

The liver plays a key role in the metabolism of lipoproteins, controlling both production and catabolism. To accelerate the development of new lipid‐lowering therapies in humans, it is essential to have a relevant in vitro study model available. The current hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs) models derived from hiPSC can be used to model many genetically driven diseases but require further improvement to better recapitulate the complexity of liver functions. Here, we aimed to improve the maturation of HLCs using a three‐dimensional (3D) approach using Biomimesys®, a hyaluronic acid‐based hydroscaffold in which hiPSCs may directly form aggregates and differentiate toward a functional liver organoid model. After a 28‐day differentiation 3D protocol, we showed that many hepatic genes were upregulated in the 3D model (liver organoids) in comparison with the 2D model (HLCs). Liver organoids, grown on Biomimesys®, exhibited an autonomous cell organization, were composed of different cell types and displayed enhanced cytochromes P450 activities compared to HLCs. Regarding the functional capacities of these organoids, we showed that they were able to accumulate lipids (hepatic steatosis), internalize low‐density lipoprotein and secrete apolipoprotein B. Interestingly, we showed for the first time that this model was also able to produce apolipoprotein (a), the apolipoprotein (a) specific of Lp(a). This innovative hiPSC‐derived liver organoid model may serve as a relevant model for studying human lipopoprotein metabolism, including Lp(a).
Construction and validation of machine learning models for predicting distant metastases in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients: A large‐scale and real‐world cohort study
Authors: Wei Ran , Yu Guanhua , Wang Xishan , Jiang Zheng , Guan Xu
Published: March 2024

Background

More accurate prediction of distant metastases (DM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) would optimize individualized treatment and follow‐up strategies. Multiple prediction models based on machine learning have been developed to assess the likelihood of developing DM.

Methods

Clinicopathological features of patients with CRC were obtained from the National Cancer Center (NCC, China) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The algorithms used to create the prediction models included random forest (RF), logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting, deep neural networks, and the K‐Nearest Neighbor machine. The prediction models' performances were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

In total, 200,958 patients, 3241 from NCC and 197,717 CRC from SEER were identified, of whom 21,736 (10.8%) developed DM. The machine‐learning‐based prediction models for DM were constructed with 12 features remaining after iterative filtering. The RF model performed the best, with areas under the ROC curve of 0.843, 0.793, and 0.806, respectively, on the training, test, and external validation sets. For the risk stratification analysis, the patients were separated into high‐, middle‐, and low‐risk groups according to their risk scores. Patients in the high‐risk group had the highest incidence of DM and the worst prognosis. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy could significantly improve the prognosis of the high‐risk and middle‐risk groups, whereas the low‐risk group only benefited from surgery and chemotherapy.

Conclusion

The RF‐based model accurately predicted the likelihood of DM and identified patients with CRC in the high‐risk group, providing guidance for personalized clinical decision‐making.
Notch signaling genes and CD8+ T‐cell dynamics: Their contribution to immune‐checkpoint inhibitor therapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Ogi Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Takahiro , Sasaya Takashi , Nishiyama Koyo , Tokura Takaaki , Sasaki Takanori , Dehari Hironari , Arihara Yohei , Murase Kazuyuki , Saito Masato , Someya Masanori , Takada Kohichi , Miyazaki Akihiro
Published: March 2024

Background

Aberrant Notch signaling pathway has been related with the tumorigenesis in head and neck region, involving oral cavity. Here, we report the correlation between mutations in the Notch signaling pathway and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration via PD‐L1, which lead to enhanced antitumor immunity and may target for immune‐checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed the results of immunohistochemical staining for PD‐L1 and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration in 10 patients and whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on five of these patients to identify frequently mutated genes.

Results

Four of 10 patients were positive for PD‐L1 and CD8+ T. By analyzing WES in three of these four patients, we notably identified the mutations of NOTCH1, FBXW7, and noncoding RNA intronic mutation in NOTCH2NLR in two of these three patients. This study may enable better selection of ICI therapy with CD8+ T‐cell infiltration via PD‐L1 expression for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with mutations in Notch signaling pathway.
Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous high‐frequency irreversible electroporation in porcine livers using four electrode needles: A feasibility and safety study
Authors: Li Chang‐Tian , Zhao Guo‐Dong , Zou Wen‐Bo , Zhang Zhen‐Hua , Zhao Yi , Liu Rong
Published: March 2024

Background

Malignant liver tumors seriously endanger human health. Among different therapeutic approaches, high‐frequency irreversible electroporation (H‐FIRE) is a recently emerging tumor ablation technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous H‐FIRE using four electrode needles in porcine livers.

Methods

Twelve experimental pigs underwent percutaneous H‐FIRE ablation using a compound steep‐pulse therapeutic device. Liver tissues adjacent to the gallbladder, blood vessels, and bile ducts were selected as the ablation targets. Pigs were randomly divided into three groups: (1) immediately after ablation (N = 4), (2) 2 days after ablation (N = 4), and (3) 7 days after ablation (N = 4). Blood routine, liver and kidney function, and myocardial enzyme levels were measured before and after ablation. Ultrasound, contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and hematoxylin–eosin staining were performed to evaluate the ablation performance.

Results

Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous H‐FIRE ablations using four electrode needles were successfully performed in all 12 experimental pigs. The general conditions of the pigs, including postoperative activities and feeding behaviors, were normal, with no significant changes compared with the preoperative conditions. The imaging features of ultrasound, CEUS, and MRI demonstrated no significant changes in the gallbladder walls, bile ducts, or blood vessels close to the ablation areas. Laboratory tests showed that liver function indices and myocardial enzymes increased temporarily after H‐FIRE ablation, but decreased to normal levels at 7 days after ablation. Histopathological examinations of porcine liver specimens showed that this technique could effectively ablate the target areas without damaging the surrounding or internal vascular systems and gallbladder.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous H‐FIRE ablation in porcine livers in vivo, and proposed a four‐needle method to optimize its clinical application.
Decreased interleukin‐17RA expression is associated with good prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer and inhibits tumor growth and vascularity in mice
Authors: Jiang Jeng‐Kai , Lin Chi‐Hung , Chang Ting‐An , Lo Liang‐Chuan , Lin Chien‐Ping , Lu Ruey‐Hwa , Yang Chih‐Yung
Published: March 2024

Background

Interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine that plays a vital role in the promotion of tumorigenesis in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Based on current evidence, IL‐17 binds to interleukin‐17 receptor A (IL‐17RA); however, the role of IL‐17RA has not been elucidated in previous studies on CRC. In this study, we explored the role of IL‐17RA in human CRC tissues and the progression of CRC in humans and mice.

Methods

The expressions of IL‐17RA and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related genes were examined in CRC cells and tissue samples by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The role of IL‐17RA in pathogenesis and prognosis was evaluated using a Chi‐squared test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression analysis in 133 CRC patients. A tumor‐bearing mice model was executed to evaluate the role of IL‐17RA in tumor growth, vascularity and population of infiltrating immune cells.

Results

IL‐17RA expression was found to be significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of IL‐17RA in Stage IV patients was significantly higher than that in Stages I and II patients. Patients with high IL‐17RA expression exhibited significantly worse overall and CRC‐specific survival than those with low IL‐17RA expression. Functional assessment suggested that the knockdown of IL‐17RA expression distinctly suppressed cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT‐related gene expression. In a tumor‐bearing mouse model, decreased IL‐17RA expression significantly repressed tumor growth and vascularity and reduced the population of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).

Conclusion

Reduced IL‐17RA expression also suppressed cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, and the expression of EMT genes. Knockdown of IL‐17RA inhibited tumor growth and vascularity and decreased the population of Tregs and MDSCs in mouse tumors. Overall, IL‐17RA expression was identified to be independently associated with the prognosis of patients with CRC.
Reduced‐dose chemotherapy followed by blinatumomab in induction therapy for newly diagnosed B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Lu Jing , Zhou Huifen , Zhou Xin , Yang Yonggong , Tong Laigen , Miao Miao , Yang Xiaofei , Chen Suning
Published: March 2024

Background

Blinatumomab early‐line treatment in B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) might improve clinical outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective real‐world cohort analysis in 20 newly diagnosed B‐ALL patients who received reduced‐dose chemotherapy (idarubicin, vindesine, and dexamethasone) for 1–3 weeks, followed by blinatumomab for 1–4 weeks as an induction therapy.

Results

At the end of the induction therapy, a complete remission rate of 100% was achieved; 17 (85%) patients were minimal residual disease (MRD) negative (<1 × 10−4). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 12 (60%) patients—43.8% were grade 1–2 and 56.2% were grade 3–4. No incidence of neurotoxicity or grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome was reported.

Conclusions

Blinatumomab demonstrated a significant improvement in clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed B‐ALL irrespective of their poor‐risk factor status and the pretreatment blast burden.
A New Rare Halogenated Depside from Lichen and Study of its Anti‐Proliferative Activity
Authors: Bauri Ajoy K. , Dionicio Ines Castro , Arellano Eric Salinas , Jeyaraj Jonathan G. , Foro Sabine , Carcache de Blanco Esperanza J.
Published: March 2024

Lichens are a symbiotic association of algae and fungus, belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. Some lichen species are edible and used as an active ingredient for preparation of exotic spices as well as folklore medicine to cure different kinds of ailments. A specimen of lichen was collected from Munner in the Kerala State of South India for chemical profiling. Chemical analyses of the diethyl ether extract of the defatted lichen led to the isolation of six phenols 1–6 with variation of relative abundance. Amongst them, the relative abundance of compound 3 was the greatest (1 % of crude extract) and it was identified as atranorin. The structures of known compounds were confirmed by comparison of their 1H‐NMR, 13C NMR, and mass data with published values available in the literature. In vitro bioassay for anti‐proliferative activity of these compounds has been conducted against various human cancer cell lines in comparison with paclitaxel as control using SRB assay. Interestingly, a new compound 5 was found along with previously reported compounds from this lichen. This new compound was designated as fluoroatranorin 5 which was reported for the first time herein. The structural characterization of a new depside was determined by spectral methods such as 1H‐NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, IR, LC‐HRESI‐MS, and LC–MS/MS study. Its structure was confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction study. This new compound was designated as fluoroatranorin 5 which was reported first time herein. Anti‐proliferative activity of all these compounds was evaluated against six different cancer cell lines. The inhibitory activity, IC50 value of compounds 1–3 and 5 exhibited at 99.64, 102.04, 109.20, 53.0 and 2.4 μM on cancer cell lines HT‐29 (colon), Hela (cervical), HT‐29, HPAC (pancreas) and A2780 (ovarian cancer cell line) respectively in comparison with paclitaxel as control. The new compound 5 exhibited significant activity with IC50 value 2.4 μM on A2780 ovarian cancer cell line.
Dual role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and their cell‐free extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer
Authors: Saadh Mohamed J. , Mohamed Asma'a H. , Almoyad Muhammad Ali Abdullah , Allela Omer Qutaiba B. , Amin Ali H. , Malquisto April Ann , Jin Wong Tze , Sârbu Ioan , AlShamsi Faisal , Elsaid Fahmy Gad , Akhavan‐Sigari Reza
Published: March 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer‐related deaths. However, the surgical control of the CRC progression is difficult, and in most cases, the metastasis leads to cancer‐related mortality. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) with potential translational applications in regenerative medicine have been widely researched for several years. MSCs could affect tumor development through secreting exosomes. The beneficial properties of stem cells are attributed to their cell–cell interactions as well as the secretion of paracrine factors in the tissue microenvironment. For several years, exosomes have been used as a cell‐free therapy to regulate the fate of tumor cells in a tumor microenvironment. This review discusses the recent advances and current understanding of assessing MSC‐derived exosomes for possible cell‐free therapy in CRC.
Betaine postpones hyperglycemia‐related senescence in ovarian and testicular cells: Involvement of RAGE and β‐galactosidase
Authors: Mohammadi Neda , Hemmati Mina , Motlagh Behrouz , Biyabani Arezou
Published: March 2024

The structural and functional disorders of the testis and ovary are one of the main complications of hyperglycemia. Betaine is a trimethyl glycine with antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti‐inflammatory potential. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of betaine on the expression of aging and oxidative stress markers in ovarian and testicular cells under hyperglycemic conditions. Testicular and ovarian cells were subjected to four different conditions, including normal glucose and hyperglycemia, with or without betaine (5 mM). The cells with hyperglycemia saw an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), methylglyoxal (MGO), expression of a receptor for AGE, and aging‐related genes (β‐GAL), and a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The treatment with betaine, in contrast, decreased the amount of MGO and MDA, and also downregulated aging‐related signaling. Although hyperglycemia induces senescence in testicular and ovarian cells, the use of betaine may have a protective effect against the cell senescence, which may be useful in the management of infertility.
Tissue engineering innovations to enhance osseointegration in immediate dental implant loading: A narrative review
Authors: Saleh Hasani Jebelli Mohammad , Yari Amir , Nikparto Nariman , Cheperli Sahar , Asadi Amirali , Darehdor Amirmohammad Arabi , Nezaminia Sayna , Dortaj Dorara , Hasani Mehraban Saeed , Hakim Lotfollah Kamali
Published: March 2024

The demand for efficient and accelerated osseointegration in dental implantology has led to the exploration of innovative tissue engineering strategies. Immediate implant loading reduces treatment duration and necessitates robust osseointegration to ensure long‐term implant success. This review article discusses the current studies of tissue engineering innovations for enhancing osseointegration in immediate dental implant loading in the recent decade. Keywords “tissue engineering,” “osseointegration,” “immediate implant loading,” and related terms were systematically searched. The review highlights the potential of bioactive materials and growth factor delivery systems in promoting osteogenic activity and accelerating bone regeneration. The in vivo experiment demonstrates significantly improved osseointegration in the experimental group compared to traditional immediate loading techniques, as evidenced by histological analyses and biomechanical assessments. It is possible to revolutionize the treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction in dental implants by integrating bioactive materials and growth factors.
Goat mammary epithelial cells provide a better expression system for production of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 compared to Chinese hamster ovarian cells
Authors: Ganesan Venkateswaran , Ulgekar Goutam , Ramalingam Anandhi , Sen Sharma Souvik , Ganguli Nirmalya , Majumdar Subeer S.
Published: March 2024

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2), a member of the Transforming Growth Factor‐β (TGF‐β) super family of proteins and is instrumental in the repair of fractures. The synthesis of BMP2 involves extensive post‐translational processing and several studies have demonstrated the abysmally low production of rhBMP2 in eukaryotic systems, which may be due to the short half‐life of the bioactive protein. Consequently, production costs of rhBMP2 are quite high, limiting its availability to the general populace. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify better in‐vitro systems for large scale production of rhBMP2. In the present study, we have carried out a comparative analysis of rhBMP2 production by the conventionally used Chinese Hamster ovarian cells (CHO) and goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC), upon transfection with appropriate construct. Udder gland cells are highly secretory, and we reasoned that such cells may serve as a better in‐vitro model for large scale production of rhBMP2. Our results indicated that the synthesis and secretion of bioactive rhBMP2 by goat mammary epithelial cells was significantly higher as compared to that by CHO‐K1 cells. Our results provide strong evidence that GMECs may serve as a better alternative to other mammalian cells used for therapeutic protein production.
Dual‐Emissive Iridium(III) Complexes and Their Applications in Biological Sensing and Imaging
Authors: Ruan Zhipeng , Yang Jun , Li Yonghua , Zhang Kenneth Yin
Published: March 2024

Phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are widely recognized for their unique properties in the excited triplet state, making them crucial for various applications including biological sensing and imaging. Most of these complexes display single phosphorescence emission from the lowest‐lying triplet state after undergoing highly efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and ultrafast internal conversion (IC) processes. However, in cases where these excited‐state processes are restricted, the less common phenomenon of dual emission has been observed. This dual emission phenomenon presents an opportunity for developing biological probes and imaging agents with multiple emission bands of different wavelengths. Compared to intensity‐based biosensing, where the existence and concentration of an analyte are indicated by the brightness of the probe, the emission profile response involves modifications in emission color. This enables quantification by utilizing the intensity ratio of different wavelengths, which is self‐calibrating and unaffected by the probe concentration and excitation laser power. Moreover, dual‐emissive probes have the potential to demonstrate distinct responses to multiple analytes at separate wavelengths, providing orthogonal detection capabilities. In this concept, we focus on iridium(III) complexes displaying fluorescence‐phosphorescence or phosphorescence‐phosphorescence dual emission, along with their applications as biological probes for sensing and imaging.
Novel application of the Diabolo technique to restrict pulmonary blood flow in a single ventricle patient with a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit
Authors: Stanley Helen M. , Callahan Ryan
Published: March 2024

Balancing pulmonary and systemic circulations in single ventricle patients with a conduit after Stage 1 palliation is challenging. A transcatheter intervention for excessive pulmonary blood flow would provide benefit. We report a case of a critically ill single ventricle patient with symptoms of excessive pulmonary blood flow after Stage 1 despite maximal medical therapy. The patient underwent percutaneous intraluminal downsizing of the right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit using a novel application of the Diabolo‐covered stent technique, with subsequent clinical improvement. A second catheterization was performed during the interstage period with successful dilation of the stent to achieve appropriate saturations. The Diabolo technique can be successfully employed in this population to restrict pulmonary blood flow and has the advantage of being adjusted during placement and in subsequent interventions.
The utility of guide catheter extensions (GCE) in coronary interventions and specifically chronic total occlusion (CTO) interventions
Authors: Poommipanit Paul , Tashtish Nour
Published: March 2024

Key points

Guide catheter extensions (GCE) are associated with improved success in chronic total occlusions interventions.

GCE can be associated with a higher risk of complications, although found to not be statistically significant in this large multicenter registry.

Care must be exercised in the use of GCE to ensure a successful intervention and limit rates of complications.
Trans‐catheter repair of tricuspid regurgitation following left heart valve surgery: Expansion of the interventionist portfolio
Authors: Hanson Ivan , Goldstein James A.
Published: March 2024

Key points

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is highly prevalent and leads to poor outcomes if left untreated.

Surgical treatment of TR, if indicated, is generally recommended at the time of left heart valve surgery.

Patients with only mild TR not meeting indications for concomitant tricuspid repair/replacement may develop progressive TR requiring treatment.

A strategy of trans‐catheter tricuspid valve replacement in select patients with prior left heart valve surgery is feasible
Local coordination and electronic interactions of Pd/MXene via dual‐atom codoping with superior durability for efficient electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation
Authors: Chen Zhangxin , Jing Fan , Luo Minghui , Wu Xiaohui , Fu Haichang , Xiao Shengwei , Yu Binbin , Chen Dan , Xiong Xianqiang , Jin Yanxian
Published: March 2024

Catalyst design relies heavily on electronic metal‐support interactions, but the metal‐support interface with an uncontrollable electronic or coordination environment makes it challenging. Herein, we outline a promising approach for the rational design of catalysts involving heteroatoms as anchors for Pd nanoparticles for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) catalysis. The doped B and N atoms from dimethylamine borane (DB) occupy the position of the Ti3C2 lattice to anchor the supported Pd nanoparticles. The electrons transfer from the support to B atoms, and then to the metal Pd to form a stable electronic center. A strong electronic interaction can be produced and the d‐band center can be shifted down, driving Pd into the dominant metallic state and making Pd nanoparticles deposit uniformly on the support. As‐obtained Pd/DB–Ti3C2 exhibits superior durability to its counterpart (∼14.6% retention) with 91.1% retention after 2000 cycles, placing it among the top single metal anodic catalysts. Further, in situ Raman and density functional theory computations confirm that Pd/DB–Ti3C2 is capable of dehydrogenating ethanol at low reaction energies.
Reshaping Li–Mg hybrid batteries: Epitaxial electrodeposition and spatial confinement on MgMOF substrates via the lattice‐matching strategy
Authors: Wang Yongqin , Cheng Fulin , Ji Jiawen , Cai Chenyang , Fu Yu
Published: March 2024

The emergence of Li–Mg hybrid batteries has been receiving attention, owing to their enhanced electrochemical kinetics and reduced overpotential. Nevertheless, the persistent challenge of uneven Mg electrodeposition remains a significant impediment to their practical integration. Herein, we developed an ingenious approach that centered around epitaxial electrocrystallization and meticulously controlled growth of magnesium crystals on a specialized MgMOF substrate. The chosen MgMOF substrate demonstrated a robust affinity for magnesium and showed minimal lattice misfit with Mg, establishing the crucial prerequisites for successful heteroepitaxial electrocrystallization. Moreover, the incorporation of periodic electric fields and successive nanochannels within the MgMOF structure created a spatially confined environment that considerably promoted uniform magnesium nucleation at the molecular scale. Taking inspiration from the “blockchain” concept prevalent in the realm of big data, we seamlessly integrated a conductive polypyrrole framework, acting as a connecting “chain,” to interlink the “blocks” comprising the MgMOF cavities. This innovative design significantly amplified charge‐transfer efficiency, thereby increasing overall electrochemical kinetics. The resulting architecture (MgMOF@PPy@CC) served as an exceptional host for heteroepitaxial Mg electrodeposition, showcasing remarkable electrostripping/plating kinetics and excellent cycling performance. Surprisingly, a symmetrical cell incorporating the MgMOF@PPy@CC electrode demonstrated impressive stability even under ultrahigh current density conditions (10 mA cm–2), maintaining operation for an extended 1200 h, surpassing previously reported benchmarks. Significantly, on coupling the MgMOF@PPy@CC anode with a Mo6S8 cathode, the assembled battery showed an extended lifespan of 10,000 cycles at 70 C, with an outstanding capacity retention of 96.23%. This study provides a fresh perspective on the rational design of epitaxial electrocrystallization driven by metal–organic framework (MOF) substrates, paving the way toward the advancement of cutting‐edge batteries.
20π‐Electron Antiaromatic Benziphthalocyanines with Absorption Reaching the Near‐Infrared‐II Region
Authors: Yanagi Shunsuke , Takayama Orie , Toriumi Naoyuki , Muranaka Atsuya , Hashizume Daisuke , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: March 2024

Although second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1500 nm) light has attracted considerable attention, especially for life sciences applications, the development of organic dyes with NIR‐II absorption remains a formidable challenge. Herein we report the design, synthesis, and electronic properties of 20π‐electron antiaromatic benziphthalocyanines (BPcs) that exhibit intense absorption bands in the NIR region. The strong, low‐energy absorption of the antiaromatic BPcs is attributed to electric‐dipole‐allowed HOMO‐LUMO transitions with narrow band gaps, enabled by the reduced structural symmetry of BPc compared with regular porphyrins and phthalocyanines. The combination of peripheral substituents and a central metal decreases the HOMO‐LUMO energy gaps, leading to the extension of the absorption bands into the NIR‐II region (reaching 1100 nm) under reductive conditions.
Metal‐Free Selective Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes from Alkenes and Formaldehyde Catalyzed by Dimethylamine
Authors: Peng Gongming , Ullah Naseeb , Streiff Stéphane , De Oliveira Vigier Karine , Pera‐Titus Marc , Wischert Raphael , Jérôme François
Published: March 2024

α,β‐Unsaturated aldehydes are important building blocks for the synthesis of a wide range of chemicals, including polymers. The synthesis of these molecules from cheap feedstocks such as alkenes remains a scientific challenge, mainly due to the low reactivity of alkenes. Here we report a selective and metal‐free access to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes from alkenes with formaldehyde. This reaction is catalyzed by dimethylamine and affords α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes in yields of up to 80 %. By combining Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and experiments, we elucidate the reaction mechanism which is based on a cascade of hydride transfer, hydrolysis and aldolization reactions. The reaction can be performed under very mild conditions (30–50 °C), in a theoretically 100 % carbon‐economical fashion, with water as the only by‐product. The reaction was successfully applied to non‐activated linear 1‐alkenes, thus opening an access to industrially relevant α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes from cheap and widely abundant chemicals at large scale.
Lewis Base Catalyzed Selenofunctionalization of Alkynes with Acid‐Controlled Divergent Chemoselectivity†
Authors: Chen Ling‐Ling , Cao Ren‐Fei , Ke Hua , Chen Zhi‐Min
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive Summary

Lewis base catalyzed and Brønsted acid controlled chemodivergent electrophilic selenofunctionalizations of alkynes were developed for the first time. Various selenium‐containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were readily obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete E/Z selectivities. As the substrates were 1‐ethynyl naphthol derivatives, linear selenium‐containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were produced via intermolecular oxygen nucleophilic attack in the absence of acid additive; in contrast, cyclic selenium‐containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were generated through intramolecular carbon nucleophilic capture with the addition of Brønsted acid.
Ru(II)‐Catalyzed Selective C—H Alkynylation of Isoquinolones, Quinazolones and Phthalazinones with Bromoalkynes
Authors: Luo Quan‐Jian , Wang Han‐Chi , Zhang Jing , Li Jin‐Heng , Sun Bo
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive Summary

A new, selective Ru(II)‐catalyzed alkynylation reaction of isoquinolones, quinazolones and phthalazinones with readily available bromoalkynes has been developed. This reaction enables the selective construction of a new C(sp2)‐C(sp) bond through C—H activation and C—Br functionalization, and offers an effective and selective route to synthesizing highly valuable alkynylated isoquinolone, quinazolone and phthalazinone derivatives with a wide substrate scope and high selectivity.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward postoperative self‐management among patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Lei Hailing , Zhu Lin , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2024

Objective

The knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) self‐management among Chinese patients remains unknown. This study investigated the KAP toward postoperative self‐management among patients after PCI.

Hypothesis

Patients exhibit poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding post‐PCI self‐management, requiring enhanced education strategies.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study recruited patients after PCI at Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, between November 2022 and May 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised patients 1–3 months post‐PCI, those capable of self‐care, and those willingly participating. The questionnaire (49 items) was designed with reference to current guidelines (the Cronbach α = .829). The final questionnaire included four dimensions with 49 items. The Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to determine the relationship among knowledge, attitude, and practice.

Results

A total of 476 valid questionnaires were included. The knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 8.24 ± 2.78 (possible range: 0–12), 21.61 ± 3.15 (possible range: 9–45), and 32.62 ± 3.75 (possible range: 10–50). The Pearson correlation analysis showed only knowledge scores were correlated with the attitude scores (r = .446, p < .001). The SEM showed that knowledge directly affects attitude (β = .616, p < .001) but had no influence on practice (β = .119, p = .155); attitude had no influence on practice (β = .015, p = .809).

Conclusion

This study indicated that patients had poor knowledge, unfavorable attitudes, and unsatisfied practice toward post‐PCI self‐management. Strengthening patient health education through diverse approaches is imperative.
Illuminating the terminal nerve: Uncovering the link between GnRH‐1 neuron and olfactory development
Authors: Amato Enrico , Taroc Ed Zandro M. , Forni Paolo E.
Published: March 2024

During embryonic development, the olfactory placode (OP) generates migratory neurons, including olfactory pioneer neurons, cells of the terminal nerve (TN), gonadotropin‐releasing hormone‐1 (GnRH‐1) neurons, and other uncharacterized neurons. Pioneer neurons from the OP induce olfactory bulb (OB) morphogenesis. In mice, GnRH‐1 neurons appear in the olfactory system around mid‐gestation and migrate via the TN axons to different brain regions. The GnRH‐1 neurons are crucial in controlling the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis. Kallmann syndrome is characterized by impaired olfactory system development, defective OBs, secretion of GnRH‐1, and infertility. The precise mechanistic link between the olfactory system and GnRH‐1 development remains unclear. Studies in humans and mice highlight the importance of the prokineticin‐2/prokineticin‐receptor‐2 (Prokr2) signaling pathway in OB morphogenesis and GnRH‐1 neuronal migration. Prokr2 loss‐of‐function mutations can cause Kallmann syndrome (KS), and hence the Prokr2 signaling pathway represents a unique model to decipher the olfactory/GnRH‐1 connection. We discovered that Prokr2 is expressed in the TN neurons during the critical period of GnRH‐1 neuron formation, migration, and induction of OB morphogenesis. Single‐cell RNA sequencing identified that the TN is formed by neurons distinct from the olfactory neurons. The TN neurons express multiple genes associated with KS. Our study suggests that the aberrant development of pioneer/TN neurons might cause the KS spectrum.
Correlation between morphological parameters and dosimetric parameters of the heart and spinal cord in the intermediate‐ and advanced‐stage esophageal cancer
Authors: Zhao Wenjuan , Lan Linzhen , Xu Bichun , Chen Di , Zeng Yusha , Guo Feibao , Zhang Huojun
Published: March 2024

Background

Radiation therapy plays a pivotal role as the primary adjuvant treatment for esophageal cancer (EPC), emphasizing the critical importance of carefully balancing radiation doses to the target area and organs at risk in the radiotherapeutic management of esophageal cancer.

Aims

This study aimed to explore the correlation between morphological parameters and dosimetric parameters of the heart and spinal cord in intermediate‐ and advanced‐stage esophagus cancer to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

Methods and results

A total of 105 patients with intermediate‐ and advanced‐stage EPC, who received treatment in our hospital from 2019 to 2021, were included. The morphological parameters were calculated by imaging. Intensity‐modulated radiation therapy plan was executed at Raystation4.7. The PTV‐G stood for the externally expanded planning target volume (PTV) of the gross tumor volume (GTV) and PTV‐C for the externally expanded volume of the clinical target volume (CTV). The prescription dose of PTV‐G and PTV‐C was set as 60Gy/30F and 54Gy/30F, respectively. The linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between morphologic parameters of EPC and dosimetric parameters of the heart and spinal cord. In 105 cases, the total lung length was correlated with the spinal cord maximum dose (D2). The heart mean doses (Dmean) and heart V40 (the relative volume that receives 40 Gy or more) was correlated with PTV‐G volume, PTV‐G length; In middle‐ and upper‐segment EPC cases, only the total lung volume was correlated with the spinal cord Dmean, spinal cord D2, heart Dmean, and heart V40; In middle‐stage EPC cases, the heart Dmean was correlated with the PTV‐G volume, PTV‐G length. The total lung length was correlated with the spinal cord D2; In middle‐ and lower‐segment EPC, only the PTV‐G volume and PTV‐G length were correlated with the heart Dmean. All the aforementioned values were statistically significant.

Conclusions

Combined with the unsegmented tumor and different locations, the organ at risk dose was comprehensively considered.
Covalent Tethering of Cobalt Porphyrins on Phenolic Resins for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Kong Jiafan , Qin Haonan , Yang Luna , Zhang Jieling , Peng Yuxin , Gao Yimei , Wu Yizhen , Nam Wonwoo , Cao Rui
Published: March 2024

The front cover artwork is provided by Rui Cao's group at Shaanxi Normal University. The image shows the design of Co‐porphyrin‐engineered phenolic resins with intramolecular phenolic hydroxyl groups to facilitate proton and electron transfers for efficient oxygen electrocatalysis, which is bioinspired by cytochrome c oxidases, and shows the excellent performance of Zn‐air batteries assembled with the hybrid material. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202400017.
Combination Therapy With Guselkumab and Golimumab in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity and Drug–Drug Interactions
Authors: Shao Jie , Vetter Marion , Vermeulen An , Feagan Brian G. , Sands Bruce E. , Panés Julian , Xu Zhenhua
Published: March 2024

A proof‐of‐concept study with the combination of guselkumab and golimumab in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) has shown that the combination therapy resulted in greater efficacy than the individual monotherapies. The current analysis evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and immunogenicity of guselkumab and golimumab in both the combination therapy and individual monotherapies. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum concentrations and immunogenicity of guselkumab and golimumab. Population PK (PopPK) models were developed to assess the effects of combination therapy and other potential covariates on the PK of guselkumab and golimumab. The guselkumab PK was comparable between monotherapy and combination therapy, whereas golimumab concentrations were slightly higher with combination therapy. The anti‐guselkumab antibody incidence was low with both monotherapy and combination therapy, and guselkumab immunogenicity did not impact the clearance. Conversely, the anti‐golimumab antibody incidence with combination therapy was lower than that for monotherapy. PopPK analysis suggested that the slightly higher golimumab concentrations with combination therapy were partially due to lower immunogenicity and thus lower clearance with combination therapy. C‐reactive protein (CRP) was also a significant covariate on golimumab clearance. The greater improvement of inflammation with combination therapy, as shown by reductions in CRP, may have also contributed to the higher golimumab concentrations. Combination therapy slightly decreased the clearance of golimumab, but not guselkumab clearance, in patients with UC. Lower immunogenicity and greater improvement of inflammation with combination therapy were potential mechanisms for slightly increased golimumab concentrations with combination therapy as compared with golimumab monotherapy.