bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Henri Roorda, encore méconnu
Authors: Maggetti Daniel
Published: October 2021

Henri Roorda est à la fois un auteur très apprécié par un cercle d’amateurs, et un écrivain largement méconnu. Ce cahier souhaite donner quelques pistes pour découvrir une oeuvre variée à l’humour souvent décapant.

Keywords: Henri Roorda, chronique, association, Michel Froidevaux, pédagogie.
«Credo che esista solo la letteratura». Conversazione con Olivo Barbieri
Authors: Maggi Marco , Tescari Vega
Published: October 2021

Conversazione con il fotografo Olivo Barbieri sullo statuto delle immagini e il suo rapporto con la parola e la letteratura. A partire da Flippers (1977- 1978), proseguendo con la partecipazione a Viaggio in Italia (1984) e con le serie Artificial Illuminations (1980-2014), Virtual Truths (1996-2002), site specific_ (2003-2013), Parks (2006-2015), Real Worlds (2008-2013), Olivo Barbieri conduce un’originale riflessione sulla quantità di realtà presente nei sistemi di vita contemporanei e su quanto la nostra percezione sia in grado di assorbirne. Presente con le sue opere nei principali musei e collezioni del mondo, è inoltre attento e appassionato curatore di cataloghi e libri fotografici.

Keywords: Olivo Barbieri, Letteratura e fotografia, Libro fotografico, Fototestualità.
Il languorino
Authors: Falco Giorgio , Ragucci Sabrina
Published: October 2021

Una digressione sul rapporto tra testo e immagine: dal segno al linguaggio, l’influenza di Atget su Evans, di Evans su Frank, dal modernismo anti-narrativo fino al manifestarsi della scrittura nell’immagine. Gli autori ripercorrono alcuni loro lavori fototestuali.

Keywords: Eugène Atget, Walker Evans, Berenice Abbott, modernismo, Robert Frank, Jean-Luc Godard, Jim Dine, testo-immagine.
Reflexiones metapoéticas en esbozos inéditos de Miguel Hernández
Authors: Alemany Bay Carmen
Published: October 2021

En las presentes páginas trataremos de analizar una serie de reflexiones metapoéticas que se encuentran entre borradores, todavía inéditos, de Miguel Hernández. Las observaciones sobre el hecho poético se circunscriben a dos etapas. La primera, correspondiente al ciclo de Perito en lunas, y la tercera, que responde al ciclo de la guerra; coincidiendo temporalmente con las reflexiones que de este tipo ya se conocen del poeta. Los razonamientos metapoéticos inéditos, escritos durante la guerra, son menos abundantes y vienen a corroborar lo que de este ciclo sobre el tema ya conocemos. A estas consideraciones de carácter metapoético, se unen otras que remiten a escritores referentes.

Keywords: Miguel Hernández, metapoesía, inéditos, esbozos, proceso de creación.
Laporan Kasus: Anemia pada Anjing Pascaenterektomi
Authors: Merthayasa Julitha Dewitri , Wijayanti Agustina Dwi , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , . Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Jayanti Putu Devi
Published: October 2021

Anemia adalah terjadinya defisiensi eritrosit atau hemoglobin atau keduanya hingga kemampuan darah mengangkut oksigen berkurang dan sering dijumpai pada anjing. Anjing lokal  betina bernama Pogan berumur 1 tahun dengan riwayat enterektomi diperiksa dengan keluhan; lemas, kurus, nafsu makan dan minum menurun. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik;  mukosa mulut dan mata anemis, dehidrasi dan kurus. Hasil pemeriksaan hematologi rutin, total protein plasma (TPP) dan albumin menunjukkan bahwa anjing mengalami anemia mikrositik hipokromik, trombositopenia, limfositosis, terjadi penurunan nilai TPP dan hipoalbuminemia. Berdasarkan anamnesa, pemeriksaan fisik dan laboratorik anjing Pogan didiagnosis menderita anemia mikrositik hipokromik yang diakibatkan oleh defisiensi zat besi (Fe). Pengobatan dengan menggunakan preparat Fe dengan dosis 1 ml/5kgbb, subcutan selama 5 hari dan terapi suportif berupa infus serum albumin manusia dengan total volume 128 ml melalui infus intravena selama ±4 jam dan Livron (Vitamin B complex) 1tab/hari, per oral selama 5 hari memberikan hasil yang baik.
Suplemen Calcitriol Dosis Tinggi Mencegah Osteoporosis dan Memicu Urolitiasis pada Tikus Ovariektomi
Authors: Hartiningsih Hartiningsih , Anggraeni Devita
Published: October 2021

Calcitriol supplementation in ovariectomized rats for 8 weeks reduce osteoporosis risk and safe for kidney depend a proper dose. The objective of the research was to study the efectivity of high dose calcitriol for osteoporosis prevention and safe for kidney  in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Fifteen female Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into three  groups of five which were sham operated rats (KN), ovariectomized rats (KOV), and ovariectomized rats+calcitriol supplementation 200ng/day (OVD200). After 8 weeks of treatment, blood samples were taken from plexus orbitalis medialis for estrogen analysis. All rats were then euthanized, left tibia and left kidney were taken for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Immunohistochemistry using anti TRAP5b monoclonal antibody was also done for left tibia by streptavidin-biotin.  The results showed that estradiol level of KOV was significantly decreased compared with KN (P<0.05), meanwhile, estradiol levels of OVD200 were not significantly different compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure of kidney in KOV was not different compared with KN. Glomerulus was surrounded by Bowman‘s capsule, proximal and distal convoluted tubulus were lined with typical cuboidal epithelium. Immunohistochemistry result of proximal tibial epiphysis in KOV were shown more tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) expression in trabecular bone, which was located in bone marrow space, and trabecular speculum surface as well. Meanwhile, proximal tibia epiphysis in OVD200 had less tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) expression compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure  of proximal tibia epiphysis in group OVD200 was shown more trabecular bone speculum and less adipocyte in the bone marrow compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure of kidney in OVD200 was showed glomerular  hypertrophy and atrophy, as well as protein deposits in proximal convoluted tubules epithelium.  In conclusion, calcitriol supplementation 200ng/day in ovariectomized rats for 8 weeks prevented osteoporosis risk but trigger urolithiasis. Key words :  : Calcitriol, osteoporosis, ovariectomized rats, urolithiasis
Akumulasi Fibrin dalam Anterior Chamber Pada Kucing Penderita Tripanosomiasis dan Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Kurnia Kurnia , Wirapratiwi Dyah Kunthi , Budhi Setyo , Mulyani Guntari Titik , Priyowidodo Dwi
Published: October 2021

Tripanomiasis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Tripanosoma sp, protozoa hemoflagellata dari kelas Zoomatigophora dan famili Tripanosomatidae. Tripanosomiasis banyak dijumpai di daerah tropis dan menyerang berbagai hewan domestik seperti kuda, sapi, kerbau, onta, anjing, kucing dan tikus. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) dikenal sebagai  feline AIDS adalah spesies virus dalam genus Lentivirus, menyebabkan penurunan sistem imun pada kucing dimana tubuh tidak dapat mengatasi serangan dari berbagai sumber penyakit lain sehingga muncul infeksi tambahan. Umumnya kucing tidak menimbulkan gejala klinis infeksi FIV meskipun telah berlangsung beberapa tahun. Seekor kucing domestik jantan, 3 tahun didiagnosis Tripanosomiasis dan positif FIV. Kedua mata terlihat berwarna keputihan, berawal dari mata kiri, berukuran kecil yang berkembang secara progresif selama 2 minggu, diikuti penurunan nafsu makan serta kondisi badan yang semakin kurus. Kucing berasal dari kucing jalanan, dan gemar memakan tikus maupun burung, serta belum dilakukan vaksinasi. Hasil pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan mukosa anemik, dehidrasi, oedema di daerah submandibular hingga bahu, BCS 4/9, dan uveitis anterior. Hasil pemeriksaan hematologi dan kimia darah menunjukkan anemia normositik-hipokromik, trombositophenia, normal leukosit total dengan peningkatan relatif monosit, nilai SGPT dan SGOT yang sangat tinggi, peningkatan creatinin dan penurunan total kolesterol. Hasil pemeriksaan rapid test menunjukkan positif antibodi FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus), negatif Feline Leukemia Virus, serta negatif  toksoplasma. Pemeriksaan apus darah menunjukkan mild anemia tanpa polikromasia, dan ditemukan flagellata Trypanosoma sp. Akumulasi fibrin di dalam anterior chamber yang bersifat progresif-bilateral disertai dengan aqueous flare dan normal retina merupakan gambaran anterior uveitis sebagai gejala klinis yang menciri dari Tripanosomiasis pada kucing dan infeksi FIV.
Prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium spp. on dairy farms in Bogor
Authors: Nugraha Arifin Budiman , Cahyaningsih Umi , Sudarnika Etih
Published: October 2021

Cryptosporidial infection is one of the most common causes of diarrhea in humans and livestock worldwide. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection and to identify potential risk factors associated with shedding of oocysts in Bogor. A total of 308 faecal samples were collected from 136 calves less than 6 months, 44 from those 6-12 months and 128 from those than 12 months. Data of factors potentially associated with the likelihood of Cryptosporidium spp. infection were recorded (i.e., enviromental status, size of herd, and herd management). Cryptosporidium spp. oocyst was identified by using modified acid fast (Ziehl Neelsen) staining technique and microscopically examined under 400x magnifition. Results showed that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in Bogor was 21.1% (CI 95%; 16.5%-25.6%). The highest prevalence was 29% (CI 95%; 26.8%-31.7%) in cattle aged less than 6 months. The oocysts abundance were around <5 oocysts per microscopy visual area. Data was analyzed using logistic regression models.  Statistical analysis showed that there were association between cryptosporidiosis and calves aged less than 6 months with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.7 (CI 95%; 1.5-5.2) times compared with cattle aged more than 12 months.
Kepincangan Akibat Kuku Abnormal Sapi Perah di Kandang dengan Alas Karet dan Beton
Authors: Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Sugiyanto Catur , Pertiwiningrum Ambar , Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Prabowo Teguh Ari , Fauzi Ahmad Syahrul
Published: October 2021

Kepincangan pada sapi perah yang dapat diebabkan kuku abnormal dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan dan produksi susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kasus kepincangan akibat kuku abnormal pada sapi perah yang dipelihara di kandang dengan alas karet dan beton. Penelitian ini menggunakan 104 ekor sapi perah dari 23 peternak, yang terdiri dari 72 ekor dipelihara dengan alas kandang karet dan 32 beton. Semua sapi diperiksa kukunya, kemampuan berdiri dan berjalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi kasus kuku abnormal sebanyak 26 dari 105 ekor sapi (25%) yang terdiri dari 16/72 ekor (22,2%) pada kandang alas karet dan 10/32 ekor (31,3%) pada kandang alas beton. Kondisi kuku tersebut menyebabkan sebanyak 8 ekor sapi (30,8%) kesulitan berdiri atau kesulitan berjalan dan (69,2%) masih dapat berdiri dan berjalan dengan normal. Sebanyak 6/16 ekor (37,5%) sapi pada kandang alas karet dan 2/10 ekor (20%) sapi pada kandang alas beton menunjukkan kesulitan berdiri dan berjalan. Abnormalitas kuku pada penelitian ini kemungkinan disebabkan kuku tidak dipotong tepat waktu karena peternak kurang berpengalaman. Kesimpulan dari peneltian ini adalah prevalensi problem kuku abnormal adalah 25% yang didapatkan lebih banyak terjadi pada kandang alas beton. Kepincangan akibat kuku abnormal terjadi pada 30,8% sapi perah kuku abnormal dan kejadian didapatkan lebih banyak pada sapi yang dipelihara di kandang dengan alas karet.
Detection of Knockdown-Resistance Mutations (V1016G and F1534C) in Dengue Vector from Urban Park, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziyah Shifa , Subekti Sri , Utomo Budi , Sucipto Teguh Hari , Adrianto Hebert , Aryati Aryati , Wardhani Puspa , Soegijanto Soegeng
Published: October 2021

An urban park is potentially a source of vector-borne disease transmission due to it being a natural and artificial mosquito breeding habitats combined with people's continuous presence. Thus, this study aims to screen the occurrence of knockdown-resistance (kdr) mutant alleles (V1016G and F1534C) in mosquito populations collected from urban parks in Surabaya, Indonesia. Cross sectional study was conducted in July 2019. A total of 28 ovitraps were installed in seven urban parks, having four ovitraps installed in each park. In total, 1,662 eggs were collected, and only 187 emerged into adult mosquitoes, consisting of 97 Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and 90 Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus. All-female adult mosquitoes (n=55) were tested using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay (AS-PCR) to detect voltage gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene mutations. This study found no mutations in Valine to Glysine mutation in point 1016 (V1016G) and Phenylalanine to Cysteine in point 1534 (F1534C) alleles in both two species. All of mosquito samples have wild type genotype of kdr alleles (V1016V and F1534F). Data were analysed using R Studio 1.4 Version by Genetics package. Results showed that the frequency of resistant alleles (G1016 and C1534) was zero, and the frequency of susceptible allele was 1 (V1016 and F1534). Insecticide bioassay could not be established due to the limited number of adult mosquitoes, so insecticide resistance status could not be determined. However, this study can be used as preliminary monitoring for the vector control program.
Reporte de viaje por el camino de Guillermo Cox desde Valdivia hacia el País de las Manzanas, siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Vezub Julio , Godoy Marcelo , Alvarado Margarita , Urbina Simón , Adán Leonor
Published: October 2021

The article addresses the exploration conducted by a transdisciplinary and bi-national team in 2015 between Valdivia and the Llifén mountain gap, as a research on intercultural and territorial relationships in the settlements and routes of the “Frontera de Arriba” of colonial Valdivia. The itinerary followed was Guillermo Cox’s, who searched for a river route connecting the Pacific with the Atlantic Ocean in 1863, a goal thwarted by the Limay Pehuenches (Neuquén) who prevented him from continuing his journey to Carmen de Patagones (Argentina). An archaeological, historical, ethnographic, and mapping counterpoint was used as methodology, which evidenced the continuities and variations of the landscape by comparing Cox’s testimony with missionary archives of the movements during the 18th and 19th centuries, and recent regional history. The road and the chronicle were the main sources which enlight on the cultural, economic, and political relations between spaniard-criollos and mapuche at both sides of the Andes before the setting of national borders. The hypothesis proposed is that the social-territorial colonization process was already underway in 1863 and that there was a considerable population in the “Upper Border”, a fact that explains the efforts made by the Chilean state to put an end to their autonomy.
Pastores y agricultores de Socoroma
Authors: Moreira Peña Jorge Leopoldo
Published: October 2021

The results of an investigation on ecological complementarity in an Aymara community located in the Sierra de Huaylillas, Arica-Parinacota Region, are presented. Based on historical research and ethnographic data, it was analyzed in diachronic perspective the ecological complementarity displayed by Socoroma’s families with aim of accessing to resources in multiples productive zones. The ethnography highlights that during the 20th century this system was characterized by a pattern of mobility and temporary residence linking the territory both intra-communal -between the different populated localities of the community space- and extra-communal -in displacements towards the coast, adjacent valleys and highlands. It is proposed that during the last century this way of inhabiting and integrating the territory rested mainly on pastoral dynamics, which intensified and constrained the modes of ecological complementarity according to different historical contexts
Mupirocin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Nasal Swabs of ICU and OT Staff- A Study from A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chauhan Sapna , Surender  , Rappai Tony J
Published: October 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common causes of Healthcare-associated infection. Staphylococcus colonizes the anterior nares of the nose and tends to disseminate and secondarily colonize several other body sites including the skin and the gut. Colonized hospital personnel may be an important factor in dissemination. Staphylococcus aureus to patients and vice-versa. Mupirocin is an excellent topical anti-staphylococcal antimicrobial agent used for eradicating nasal carriage. Resistance to Mupirocin is a threat for future use of this drug in eliminating nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the rate of Mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nasal swabs of Health care workers (HCWs ) of Operation Theatres (OTs) and Intensive Care Units (ICUs). A single nasal swab was collected from both the anterior nares of participating health care workers of ICU and OT once at the end of their shift. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus to various antibiotics was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using CLSI guidelines. High and low-level Mupirocin resistance was determined. Among 282 nasal swabs collected, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 62 samples. Of Staphylococcus aureus 19 came out to be Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the remaining 43 Methicillin sensitive (MSSA). Mupirocin resistance was seen in 3 MRSA strains and 1 MSSA strain. Thus, overall 4/62 (6.5%) strains were MupR strains. Mupirocin is the most effective antibiotic used against colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in anterior nares. Resistance to this antibiotic is thus an alarm as well as a matter of great concern. Necessary steps, policies and guidelines need to be framed to stop the spread of this resistance.
Studio preliminare sulla commitenza artistica femminile nella Sardegna tra X e XI secolo
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Carta Valeria
Published: October 2021

A Sardenya molts són els fragments medievals recuperats a les esglésies destruïdes actualment i sovint reconeguts com fora de context. Per tant, als especialistes els és difícil investigar adequadament artefactes com els epígrafs greco-sards. Alguns d'aquests informen dels noms d'homes i dones que probablement formaven part de les famílies aristocràtiques que governaven l'illa. La comparació d’evidències sardes amb les trobades al sud d’Itàlia podria suposar respostes sobre aquest període. A més, pot ser significativament eficaç per revelar totes les connexions entre el mecenatge artístic i les dones a Sardenya.
Methods of assessing and mapping the natural and agricultural potential of landscapes
Authors: Osipov A.G. , Dmitriev V.V. , Kovyazin V.F.
Published: October 2021

In order to increase the efficiency of land use- and territorial planning, cartographic materials of various thematic contents are required. In the article, the authors propose a methodology of assessing and mapping the favorability of the natural and agricultural potential of landscapes for agricultural use to increase its efficiency using GIS technologies. It is proposed to obtain information on landscapes by means of geoecological assessment, including a multivariate mathematical-cartographic, and spatial analysis of landscape conditions for sustainable environment-friendly agricultural production. Geoecological conditions make an integral indicator of the natural and agricultural landscape. To assess the land for agricultural production, maps are used, according to which the quality of the land plot is determined through the convolution of normalized indicators of the territory’s favorability, while the map is created in the GIS environment of spatially-linked information on the degree of the agro-resource suitability and geoecological conditions for agricultural production. Indicators of agro-resource and geoecological state of landscapes were established. The first ones include the agroclimatic potential and soil bonitet, and the second – the ecological and geochemical resistance of soils to acidification, erosion, ecosystem diversity of the territory, the density of the hydrographic network, the depth of groundwater, and the erosion potential of the relief. The developed technique is tested on Volkhov landscape of Leningrad oblast. The aim of the research is to develop a methodology for assessing and mapping the natural and agricultural potential of landscapes in the GIS environment and to test it on the territory of the region.
Population pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients and optimisation of dosing regimen
Authors: Zhou Shouning , Lian Qiaoyan , Xie Hui , Guan Yan-ping , He Jianxing , Wei Li , Ju Chunrong
Published: October 2021

Aim: To establish a population pharmacokinetic model and optimise
tacrolimus dosing regimens in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients.
Methods: Tacrolimus trough concentrations and clinical data of 70 adult
lung transplant recipients were collected. Population pharmacokinetic
analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed effects model. A Monte
Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the optimal dosing regimen.
Results: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus could be best described by a
one-compartment model, with the CYP3A5 genotype, haematocrit (HCT), and
alanine transaminase (ALT) as significant covariates. The clearance of
tacrolimus in the CYP3A5 rapid and intermediate metabolisers were 3.03
and 1.99 times higher than those of CYP3A5 poor metaboliser,
respectively. When HCT decreased from 0.30 to 0.20, the clearance of
tacrolimus increased by 31.14%, and the apparent volume of distribution
increased by 28.58%. The clearance of tacrolimus decreased by 8.67%
when ALT increased from 20 IU·L-1 to 40 IU·L-1. Monte Carlo simulation
indicated that recipients with CYP3A5*1/*1 receiving 3.5 mg twice daily,
recipients with HCT < 0.2 receiving 5 mg twice daily, and
recipients with ALT < 4IU·L-1 received 3 mg twice daily, could
achieve the target concentrations of 10–15 ng·mL-1. Conclusions: A
population pharmacokinetic model of tacrolimus in Chinese Han lung
transplant recipients was successfully constructed. Recipients with the
CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype, low HCT value, and low ALT value after surgery
needed a higher maintenance dose to reach the therapeutic window, which
provided a reference for the formulation of individualised tacrolimus
regimen.
COVID-19 infection in an infant with cystic fibrosis: a case report and possible therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline
Authors: Seyedi Seyed Javad , Sadeghi Hossein , Kianifar Hamid-Reza , Hamedi Abdolkarim , Saeidinia Amin
Published: October 2021

Pulmonary infections represent the major causes of morbidity and
mortality in cystic fibrosis(CF). Here, we report a3-month old infant
with pancreatic insufficient CF was hospitalized with positive
RT-PCRtest for COVID-19. He was treated successfully. Hypertonic saline
can be hypothesized as a treatment regimen against COVID-19 infection
after further investigation
The Forgotten Valve; How to Improve Results.
Authors: Al_ebrahim Khalid
Published: October 2021

I read with interest the articles by Wang and colleagues about
comparison of risk scores for predicting outcomes after isolated
tricuspid valve surgery and the commentary by Russo and colleagues about
prediction of mortality in isolated tricuspid surgery1
No evidence that relatedness or familiarity modulate male harm in wild Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Marquez-Rosado Ana , García-Có Clara , Londoño-Nieto Claudia , Carazo Pau
Published: October 2021

Sexual selection frequently promotes the evolution of aggressive
behaviours that help males compete against their rivals, but which may
harm females and hamper their fitness. Kin selection theory predicts
that optimal male-male competition levels can be reduced when
competitors are more genetically related to each other than to the
population average, contributing to resolve this sexual conflict. Work
in Drosophila melanogaster has spearheaded empirical tests of this idea,
but studies so far have been conducted in lab-adapted populations in
homogeneous rearing environments that may hamper kin recognition, and
used highly skewed sex ratios that may fail to reflect average natural
conditions. Here, we performed a fully factorial design with the aim of
exploring how rearing environment (i.e. familiarity) and relatedness
affect male-male aggression, male harassment, and overall male harm
levels in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster, under more
natural conditions. Namely, we: a) manipulated relatedness and
familiarity so that larvae reared apart were raised in different
environments, as is common in the wild, and b) studied the effects of
relatedness and familiarity under average levels of male-male
competition in the field. We show that, contrary to previous findings,
groups of unrelated-unfamiliar males were as likely to fight with each
other and harass females than related-familiar males, and that overall
levels of male harm to females were similar across treatments. Our
results suggest that the role of kin selection in modulating sexual
conflict is yet unclear in Drosophila melanogaster, and call for further
studies that focus on natural populations and realistic socio-sexual and
ecological environments.
Quality of Care: Performance Measurement and Quality Improvement in Clinical Practice
Authors: Desai Sonali P. , Kachalia Allen
Published: October 2021

Attention to the quality of care within the United States health care system has grown tremendously over the past decade. We have witnessed a significant change in how quality improvement and clinical performance measurement are approached. The current focus on quality and safety stems in part from the increasingly clear realization that more services and technological advancement are not automatically equivalent to high-quality care. Much of the discussion about cost and quality in health care is shifting towards the concept of value. Value is defined as health outcomes achieved per dollar spent (in other words, an assessment of the quality of care per cost). This chapter reviews the current state of quality improvement in health care and, because improvement cannot be determined without measurement, reviews several aspects of effective clinical performance measurement. Since many measures are already in place, the chapter describes some of the organizations involved in quality measurement and improvement, as well the approaches they utilize. It looks at the multiple strategies in place to improve quality, from process management to collaboration, from financial incentives to transparency, and reviews newer models of care delivery that may materialize in the near future. Tables list types of quality measures, characteristics to consider when developing a quality measure, and organizations involved in quality improvement and performance measurement. A figure shows strategies used by the federal government to spur performance measurement and quality improvement.

This review contains 1 figure, 3 tables, and 56 references
Keywords: Quality of care, performance measure, quality improvement, clinical practice, sigma six, transparency
Loss of Functional SCO2 Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Gujarati Nehaben A. , Leonardo Alexandra R. , Vasquez Jessica M. , Guo Yiqing , Frimpong Bismark O. , Fozilov Elbek , Revelo Monica P. , Daehn Ilse S. , He John C. , Bogenhagen Daniel , Mallipattu Sandeep K.
Published: October 2021

Increased oxidative stress in glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) contributes to early diabetic kidney disease (DKD). While mitochondrial respiratory complex IV activity is reduced in DKD, it remains unclear whether it is a driver or a consequence of oxidative stress in GEnCs. Synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 2 (SCO2), a key metallochaperone in the electron transport chain, is critical to the biogenesis and assembly of subunits required for functional respiratory complex IV activity. Here, we investigated the effects of Sco2 hypomorphs (Sco2KO/KI, Sco2KI/KI), with a functional loss of SCO2, in the progression of DKD by using a model of type 2 diabetes, db/db mice. Diabetic Sco2KO/KI and Sco2KI/KI hypomorphs exhibited a reduction in complex IV activity but an improvement in albuminuria, serum creatinine, and histomorphometric evidence of early DKD compared with db/db mice. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing using gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes in the endothelial cluster of Sco2KO/KI;db/db mice demonstrated an increase in genes involved in VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling and reduced oxidative stress compared with db/db mice. These data suggest that reduced complex IV activity as a result of a loss of functional SCO2 might be protective in GEnCs in early DKD.
Longitudinal Plasma Lipidome and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Sample of American Indians With Normal Fasting Glucose: The Strong Heart Family Study
Authors: Miao Guanhong , Zhang Ying , Huo Zhiguang , Zeng Wenjie , Zhu Jianhui , Umans Jason G. , Wohlgemuth Gert , Pedrosa Diego , DeFelice Brian , Cole Shelley A. , Fretts Amanda M. , Lee Elisa T. , Howard Barbara V. , Fiehn Oliver , Zhao Jinying
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: Comprehensive
assessment of alterations in lipid species preceding T2D is largely unknown. We
aimed to identify plasma molecular lipids associated with risk of T2D in
American Indians.

RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODS: Using an untargeted LC-MS, we
repeatedly measured 3,907 fasting plasma samples from 1,958 participants who
attended two exams (~5.5 year apart) and were followed up to 16 years in the
Strong Heart Study. Mixed-effect logistic regression was used to identify
lipids associated with risk of T2D adjusting for traditional risk factors. Repeated
measurement analysis was performed to examine the association between change in
lipidome and change in continuous measures of T2D adjusting for baseline
lipids. Multiple testing was controlled by false discovery rate at 0.05.

RESULTS:
Higher baseline level of 33 lipid species, including TAGs, DAGs, PEs, and PCs, was significantly associated with increased
risk of T2D (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline
lipids: 1.50-2.85) at 5-year follow-up. Of these, 21 lipids were also
associated with risk of T2D at 16-year follow-up. Aberrant lipid profiles were also
observed in prediabetes (OR per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids:
1.30-2.19 for risk lipids; 0.70-0.78 for protective lipids). Longitudinal changes in 568
lipids were significantly associated with changes in continuous measures of
T2D. Multivariate analysis identified distinct lipidomic signatures differentiating
high from low risk groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Lipid
dysregulation occurs many
years preceding T2D, and novel molecular lipids (both baseline level and longitudinal
change over time) are significantly associated with risk of T2D beyond traditional
risk factors. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms linking dyslipidemia to T2D and
may yield novel
therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
Unilateral Naevoid Telangiectasia Associated with Oral Contraceptive
Authors: Nohara Takuma , Natsuga Ken , Yasuoka Atsushi , Ujiie Hideyuki
Published: October 2021

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Quality of Life and Psychopathology in Lichen Planus: A Neglected Disease Burden
Authors: Fiocco Zeno , Kupf Sophie , Patzak Leilah , Kämmerer Till , Pumnea Teodora , French Lars E. , Reinholz Markus
Published: October 2021

The disease burden of lichen planus and its impact on patients’ quality of life have not been well studied. The aim of this mono-centre cross-sectional study was to investigate these factors. From June to September 2020, an anonymous survey was posted to 253 patients, who were diagnosed with lichen planus in our outpatient clinic from January 2018 to June 2020. Quality of life was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), the EuroQol 5-dimension 3-level score, and further quality of life indicators. Beck Depression Inventory II was used to evaluate symptoms of depression. A total of 100 patients completed and returned the survey. Lichen planus affected quality of life in 78% of cases. DLQI was higher for multiple localizations (r = 0.454, p < 0.001). Patients with genital lichen planus had a significantly higher DLQI (mean ± standard deviation (SD) 8.68 ± 6.96) than patients who were not affected in the genital area (5.01 ± 5.49; p = 0.009). DLQI was also significantly higher for ungual lichen planus (9.83 ± 7.6; not affected: 5.65 ± 5.84; p-value 0.039), and for cutaneous LP (mean 8.1, SD 6.22; not affected: 5.63 ± 6.12; p-value 0.045). Twenty-nine percent of patients had mild to moderate symptoms of depression, and 6% had severe symptoms of depression. Depression and reduced quality of life are an undetected and relevant burden affecting patients with lichen planus.
Experiencias de los estudiantes exitosos de primera generación en la educación superior mexicana: un estudio narrativo
Authors: Bonilla Murillo Enrique , Solís Herebia Verónica Sanité
Published: October 2021

La diversidad de la población estudiantil dificulta a la universidad poder satisfacer la demanda educativa. Los estudiantes de primera generación (EPG) pertenecen a una población vulnerable por sus características y retos de mantenerse en su trayectoria escolar. Los EPG son los primeros en sus familias en asistir a una universidad; por lo tanto, enfrentan retos complejos como no conocer la cultura escolar, tener bajo rendimiento académico, dificultades económicas y típicamente no tienen un proyecto académico. El propósito de este estudio, por tanto, fue conocer a través de sus historias las experiencias de EPG exitosos en la educación mexicana. Se utilizó un método cualitativo con enfoque narrativo. Se colectaron datos de cuatro participantes a través de entrevistas narrativas de profundidad para encontrar cuáles fueron sus retos, sus sistemas de apoyo y sobre todo su motivación hasta alcanzar el éxito. Las historias narradas demuestran que la visión clara sobre lo que quieren profesionalmente y habilidades emocionales como la motivación y la resiliencia les permitieron conseguir sus metas académicas. Sin embargo, cabe resaltar que no todo debe depender de los EPG, pues la universidad tiene la obligación de proveer el apoyo que los estudiantes necesitan de acuerdo a sus necesidades.
Estudio del precio entre la instrucción virtual y la instrucción convencional: estudio de caso en el nivel de instrucción superior
Authors: Vásquez Martínez Claudio Rafael , González González Felipe , Torres Mata Joaquín
Published: October 2021

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis y descripción económica acerca de lo que enfrentan los discentes universitarios de licenciatura y maestría que realizan sus estudios a través de la modalidad de instrucción virtual (IV) en comparación con la instrucción convencional (IC). Asimismo, se detecta el precio semestral y total en esas modalidades. La pregunta formulada fue la siguiente: ¿cuál es el precio total en instrucción virtual (IV) e instrucción convencional (IC), así como el precio total discente-semestre? El estudio se estima para Colombia utilizando información del Instituto Pedagógico. Los resultados indican una notable diferencia entre los precios financieros de acuerdo con los discentes de licenciatura y maestría, en donde para los primeros la instrucción convencional (IC) tiene más precio respecto a la instrucción virtual, mientras que en el caso de los alumnos de maestría, en la instrucción convencional el precio económico resultó menor.
Rural youth attitudes towards immigrants
Authors: Somerkoski Saaga
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to research the attitudes towards immigrants among rural Finnish second grade students. The study was carried out in Southern Ostrobothnia region which is strongly countryside and where the number of immigrants is the lowest in Finland. Also, the level of education in the region is the lowest in Finland. During the next decades, immigrants will be an important source of labour, since the population in Finland is getting older - faster than in any other European country. The data (n=275) was collected from colleges and upper secondary schools. The analysis showed that gender, parents level of education and the multicultural connections had an effect on persons attitudes towards immigrants. Youths´ attitudes also varied towards different immigration groups and nationalities. Attitudes towards the immigration of children and labour for example, were more positive than attitudes towards unemployed migrants and refugees. In terms of nationalities, Western immigrants were more positively welcomed than immigrants from war zones and those from the crisis areas. Answers to the open-ended question in the end of the questionnaire showed that the attitudes towards immigration were particularly concerned with refugees and the policy of immigration. Open answers included both racist and negative statements as well as statements to helping refugees. The results of this study may be of use when the new refugee policies are implemented in near future. The increase in immigrant labour requires respect, cooperation and cultural tolerance. To stabilize the economy in Finland and to be able to work in the future, new, more tolerant attitudes are needed.
Diagnóstico y perspectivas de fomento del emprendimiento como instrumento de desarrollo en el cantón San Pedro de Pelileo
Authors: Sánchez Caguana Darwin Fabricio
Published: October 2021

El emprendimiento es la base fundamental de todo desarrollo socioeconómico dentro de una determinada zona. Por medio del mismo se generan diversas fuentes de ingresos para los propios emprendedores; así también, contribuye al desarrollo progresivo del sector productivo y comercial. Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la situación actual del emprendimiento considerado como instrumento de desarrollo en el cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, pues es una de las formas de generar empleo y lograr un modelo de desarrollo socioeconómico alternativo. Este involucra el mejoramiento del bienestar social para quienes están excluidos del mercado laboral activo. Además, la combinación de los esfuerzos de los emprendimientos y las autoridades del cantón fomentan el desarrollo social de las comunidades locales. La investigación presenta características cuantitativas, descriptivas y emplea la técnica de la encuesta para recolectar información y posterior análisis. Se contó con la participación de 382 personas de la cuidad de Pelileo. El emprendimiento se ha convertido en el medio para garantizar, a buena parte de la población, oportunidades y nuevas alternativas de mejorar la calidad de vida. Una vez desarrollada la indagación, se concluye que las perspectivas de fomento del emprendimiento son altas dentro del cantón, llegando a ser una opción de solución a las necesidades económicas de la población.
“The Rhythm of Cancer” – Unexpected Autopsy Finding in a Patient with Gastric Ulceration
Authors: Ananiev J. , Hadzhi M. , Ivanova K.
Published: October 2021

Malignant tumors of the heart are rare. Even rarer, however, are metastases to the heart from cancers originating from the gastrointestinal tract. This case report involves a 63-year-old patient who presented into the clinic with a gastric ulcer and subsequent haemorrhage, and who died after sudden cardiac arrest. Autopsy revealed a metastatic involvement of the heart muscle from low-grade carcinoma of the stomach, as well as many other organ metastases.
Tk-deleted pseudorabies virus retains high pathogenicity in rats
Authors: Zhang Lirong , Ruan Keyue , Sang Guoju , Xu Zhaoyang , Tong Wu , Yu Hai , Shan Tongling , Gao Fei , Li Liwei , Kong Ning , Tong Guangzhi , Zheng Hao
Published: October 2021

Introduction

The pseudorabies virus (PRV) gene encoding thymidine kinase (tk) is an important virulence-associated factor. Attenuation of PRV in susceptible animals is a frequent result of tk deletion. The aim of the study was to assess the pathogenicity of tk-deleted PRV in rats.

Material and Methods

Sprague Dawley rats were infected with the tk-deleted PRV strain SuHV-1 ΔTK:247via intranasal or intramuscular inoculation. PRV loads in ten tissues from dead and euthanised rats were determined using real-time PCR.

Results

Infection with SuHV-1 ΔTK:247 could cause death in rats. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of SuHV-1 ΔTK:247 via intranasal inoculation was 103.16 TCID50 in rats. Intramuscular inoculation required a higher dose of SuHV-1 ΔTK:247 (105.0 TCID50). A high SuHV-1 ΔTK:247 titre was observed in the trigeminal ganglia or spinal cord of dead rats.

Conclusion

The results of this study show that rats are highly susceptible to PRV infection, and tk deletion did not completely diminish the pathogenicity of PRV in rats.
Examination of the Development of New Bus Registrations with Alternative Powertrains in Europe
Authors: Gnap Jozef , Dočkalik Marek , Dydkowski Grzegorz
Published: October 2021

The setting of minimum targets for EU member states to procure green vehicles within two reference periods ending in 2025 and 2030, should help to promote mobility with low, respectively zero emissions. The research results reveal that the V4 countries (Slovakia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary) will find it very difficult to meet the set minimum targets for the share of ecological buses in the total number of buses included in the sum of all contracts subject to EU Directive 2019/1161 concluded from 2 August 2021. The share of buses with alternative powertrains in the V4 countries in 2019 was only 12.79% (with the minimum target being much higher). The Nordic countries are best placed to meet the minimum targets for the share of green buses (in 2019, the share of such buses was almost 19%). The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has and continues to affect bus demand across Europe, may have a significant impact on meeting the minimum targets, especially by the end of the first reference period.
Investigation of Functional Dependency between the Characteristics of the Machining Process and Flatness Error Measured on a CMM
Authors: Štrbac Branko , Rodić Dragan , Delić Milan , Savković Borislav , Hadžistević Miodrag
Published: October 2021

Numerous studies have shown that the choice of measurement strategy (number and position of measurement points) when measuring form error on a coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) depends on the characteristics of the machining process which was used to machine the examined surface. The accuracy of form error assessment is the primary goal of verification procedures and accuracy is considered perfect only in the case of the ideal verification operator. Since the ideal verification operator in the “point-by-point” measuring mode is almost never used in practice, the aim of this study was to examine a relationship which had not been examined in earlier studies, namely how the machining process, surface roughness and a reduced number of points in the measurement strategy affect the accuracy of flatness error assessment. The research included four most common cutting processes applied to flat surfaces divided into nine different classes of roughness. In order to determine functional dependency between the observed input variables and the output, statistical regression models and neuro-fuzzy logic (artificial intelligence tool) were used. The analyses confirmed the significance of all three input parameters, with surface roughness being the most significant one. Both the statistical regression models and neuro-fuzzy models proved to be adequate, matching the experimental results. The use of these models makes it possible to determine flatness error measured on a CMM if input variables considered in the paper are known.
Existe um antepredicativo pático? Uma possível leitura do percurso heideggeriano
Authors: Pasqualin Chiara
Published: October 2021

Although the term “pre-predicative” (vorprädikativ) is used only two times in Being and Time, it qualifies in an essential way the hermeneutical process in which the existentials of understanding, interpretation and discourse cooperate to structure the phenomenal field into a meaningful horizon. This hermeneutical function represents for Heidegger the precondition for every theoretical-predicative behaviour of Dasein towards being. By means of a conceptual-historical analysis throughout the Twenties, it is possible to point out that Heidegger considers the domain of the pre-predicative identical to the hermeneutical process. Nevertheless, on the basis of some indications that are to be found in Heidegger’s writings, we can trace the contours of a different history of the concept of “pre-predicative”, in which the latter hints at a deeper dimension of the human being – a dimension that can be designated as “pathic” or “prehermeneutical”. To this purpose, it is essential to investigate the concept of “pre-worldly” (vorweltlich), introduced by Heidegger in his first lecture course, his analysis of anxiety in 1929 and, finally, the image of the “great silence” (große Stille) in the later Contributions to Philosophy.
E-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: the impact on medical students’ perceived academic progress
Authors: Vîlceleanu Bogdan-Viorel , Bălan Ana Maria , Jugănaru Elena , Merlușcă Elena , Rașcu Agripina , Oțelea Marina Ruxandra
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic created one of the most stressful situations all around the world and affected almost all activity sectors, including medical education. Sudden restrictions on social interactions forced an abrupt transition from amphitheatres and physical examinations to online lectures and, despite difficulties, the academic community rallied to continue teaching. The swift transition left academia with no time to design custom platforms and confined the university to choose among a set of readily available tools: Google Classroom and Google Meet, Zoom and Moodle, which offer a basic framework for substituting the students’ needs. In some countries, ours included, most of the summer term took place online.

Although pandemics are, hopefully, rare events, the experience with online classes should be used to improve and expand current teaching models, since this improvement could be a means to a general improvement of the medical teaching system. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic is not finished yet and many restrictions continue, affecting at least 20% of the total undergraduate training of several generations of doctors.

The study aims to identify – within the medical students’ community - transferable aspects of online classes to the post-pandemic teaching in the perspective of blended learning. We deliberately chose to omit the examination part of the educational process in order to set the focus on the delivery of teaching.

In this first analysis of the results, the degree of progress in reaching a high professionalism level was analyzed starting from the self-assessment of professional growth, that was previously found to be in good agreement with the actual achievements as derived from the traditional formative examination. [1]