bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motif Kejahatan dan Penerapan Undang-Undang Terhadap Pencurian dan Penyalahgunaan Data Pribadi Melalui Media Elektronik di Kota Kupang
Authors: Sintje Doutel Anna , Petrus Leo Rudepel , Antonius Kian Darius
Published: July 2023

Pencurian dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi melalui media elektronik di Kota Kupang merupakan salah satu kejahatan cybercrime yang bersifat melawan hukum dan dapat memberikan kerugian bagi korban. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris. Untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan wawancara dan studi pustaka. Teknik wawancara yang digunakan adalah teknik wawancara semi terstruktur dan studi kepustakaan yang meliputi buku, jurnal, dan sember-sumber tertulis lainnya. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan: (1) Motif kejahatan seseorang melakukan pencurian dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi melalui media elektronik adalah motif intelektual dan motif ekonomi, (2) Penerapan Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik terhadap pencurian dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi melalui media elektronik adalah dengan proses penyeledikan, penyidikan, pemberkasan (BAP), penyerahan ke kejaksaan, persidangan, putusan hakim dan eksekusi.Saran dari penelitian ini adalah bagi para penegak hukum, sebaiknya mencari tahu lebih dalam lagi motif-motif lainnya yang mendasari pelaku melakukan pencurian dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi agar dapat memperkuat tuntutan yang diberikan kepada pelaku. Penerapan undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebaiknya lebih dipertegas lagi pada pemberian hukuman penjara, dimana hukuman penjara yang diberikan harus ditambah agar memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku. Bagi pemerintah agar memberikan sosialiasi kepada pengguna internet untuk lebih waspada dalam menyimpan data pribadinya di internet. Bagi penyedia barang elektronik juga sebaiknya memperkuat sistem keamanan dalam media elektronik yang dikeluarkan dan diperjualbelikan. Bagi masyarakat sebagai pengguna teknologi, sebaiknya selalu waspada dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan teknologi tersebut, terutama dalam menyimpan data yang bersifat pribadi.
Identificación de los factores determinantes en la producción lechera en la provincia de Pastaza
Authors: Segura Chávez Edison Oliver , Coronel Espinoza Billy Daniel , Heredia Rengifo Marco Gerardo , Landines Vera Edgar , Muñoz Rengifo Julio Cesar
Published: July 2023

Con el objetivo de clasificar y tipificar las fincas lecheras en Pastaza – Ecuador se usó el Modelo Estadístico de Medición de Impactos (MEMI). Se determinaron tres factores: El “Rebaño y producción” explica el 38.7% de la varianza del sistema, definido por las variables: número de vacas, hembras a la reproducción, vacas en ordeño y producción de leche. En la “Situación edafoclimática” el 27.8% de la varianza y el 66.5% acumulada por el modelo ajustado se relaciona con: la pendiente, área compatible con el pastoreo, cárcavas y profundidad del suelo. Y el “Tamaño de la explotación” expone el 78.7% de la varianza acumulada. El índice de impacto contribuyó para determinar el comportamiento y los principales problemas que influyen en el desarrollo de las fincas. Al 50% de la distancia euclidiana en el dendograma se conforman cuatro grupos: Primero: En 47 fincas de 45 ha ubicadas al 16% de pendiente, con una profundidad del suelo 22 cm. y menor número de cárcavas 32.5 ha-1, el 86.4 % es compatible con el pastoreo, producen 22.3 miles de litros (ML) de leche. Segundo: 26 fincas, ubicadas en zonas con mayor pendiente 47%, con menores áreas en uso ganadero, 12.5 hembras a la reproducción y como consecuencia menor producción de leche 16.8 ML de leche. Poseen la menor profundidad del suelo 15.3 cm y 104.2 cárcavas (ha-1), poseen alto impacto negativo causado por la erosión. Tercero: 9 fincas de 137.3 ha promedio, 101.6 ha utilizan para la ganadería, 57.8% del área es compatible con el pastoreo. Los indicadores reproductivos son superiores y una producción Anual de 45.5 ML. Cuarto: 8 fincas con pendientes de 50.6%, 47.5% compatible con el pastoreo. Son las fincas con mayor producción anual de leche 53.5 miles de litros, pero mayor cantidad de cárcavas (ha-1).
An Open-labeled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of “Anuloma DS” in Improving Constipation
Authors: Varuni BG
Published: July 2023

Background: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal problem in the general population. Despite a plethora of well-established and safe treatment options, the improvement is not satisfactory for many patients. This has prompted interest in alternative therapeutic strategies for constipation. Methods: This open-label, non-comparative single-arm clinical study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the polyherbal formulation “Anuloma DS”, 1 tablet daily at bedtime, in improving bowel movements in 30 adult patients with functional constipation. Patients were evaluated at baseline (Visit 1, Day 0) and follow-ups during Visit 2 (Day 7 ± 2), Visit 3 (Day 14 ± 2) and Visit 4 (End of the Study) at Day 30 ± 2. Results: There was a significant increase in the mean of spontaneous bowel movement every week from day 7 to days 14 and 30. All constipation symptoms such as abdominal bloating (aadmana), abdominal pain/discomfort (aanaha), feeling of incomplete evacuation and straining during passing stool improved significantly as did the SGA and the PGA scores. Conclusion: Anuloma DS is highly effective for the treatment of chronic functional constipation. No treatment-related side effects were reported by the study participants.
Pogonias courbina sperm characteristcs in its first reproductive season
Authors: Benato Jhony Lisboa , Streit Jr Danilo , Teixeira Nathalia Dos Santos , Rodrigues Rômulo Batista , de Freitas Thaiza Rodrigues , Okamoto Marcelo , Rodrigues Ricardo , dos Santos Raquel Santos , Dantas Renata Villar , Balbinot Ana Paula de Abreu , de Oliveira Rodrigo Ribeiro Bezerra , Maltez Lucas Campos , Menossi Olivia , Sampaio Luis Andre
Published: July 2023

Southern black drum (Pogonias courbina) is a species distributed along the western Atlantic Ocean, and it is the largest Sciaenidae observed in the coast of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. However, it is listed as a vulnerable species at The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™, and their fishing is prohibited. The objective of this study was to determine the sperm characteristics of P. courbina. Sperm samples of five young males (two-year-old fish) were collected through abdominal pressure. The sperm kinetics parameters were sperm motility (MOT) 10.7 ± 5.6%, curvilinear velocity (VCL) 120.07 ± 16.16 mm s ± 1, average path velocity (VAP) 75.64 ± 23.78 mm s ± 1, straight-line velocity (VSL) 62.49 ± 15.83 mm s ± 1, straightness (STR) 83.9 ± 5.3%, wobble (WOB) 61.9 ± 12.7%, beat cross frequency (BCF) 42.981 ± 4.627 Hz and progression (PRG) 1,805.4 ± 564.5 µm. The proportion of normal spermatozoa was 35.6 ± 6.1%. About the abnormalities observed, 22.7% occurred in the tail (short tail = 0.6 ± 0.5%, distally curled tail = 2.4 ± 1.6%, strongly curled tail = 1.9 ± 1.3%, broken tail = 7.9 ± 5.1%, folded tail = 5.5 ± 0.8%, loose tail = 4.4 ± 1.9%); 14.2% occurred in the head (degenerate head = 4.2 ± 1.6%, microcephaly = 1.8 ± 2.5%, loose head = 8.2 ± 2.1%) and 27.5% of the spermatozoa showed cytoplasmatic gouts (proximal gout = 20.0 ± 8.4%, distal gout = 7.5 ± 2.8%). Besides that, a correlation analysis was performed between sperm morphology and kinetics parameters, and the spermatozoa were measured for the morphometric parameters. There was a positive correlation between BCF and normal spermatozoa (r =  0.9269). A negative correlation occurred between BCF and loose head (r =  −0.9047); WOB and strongly curled tail (r =  −0.8911); and PROG and strongly curled tail (r =  −0.9191). The morphometric measures found for the head were length of 2.50 ± 0.21 µm and width of 2.12 ± 0.22 µm, and for the tail it was length of 37.97 ± 2.01 µm. It was possible to verify that the animals have sperm characteristics that indicate reproductive aptitude, but an abnormal behavior on sperm activation and high presence of the cytoplasmic gout abnormality indicates that the animals are not fully mature in their first reproductive season. This work contributes to a better understanding of the P. courbina spermatic parameters, what can be allies to recovery this species population in nature and promote its production in fish farms.
Unraveling Mechanoluminescent Mechanisms in Doped CaZnOS Materials: Co‐Mediation of Trap‐Controlled and Non‐Trap‐Controlled Processes
Authors: Li Wei , Cai Yiyu , Chang Jianqing , Wang Shanshan , Liu Jianjun , Zhou Lei , Wu Mingmei , Zhang Jun‐Cheng
Published: July 2023

Doped CaZnOS materials show great potential for mechanoluminescence (ML) applications spanning the ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared (UV–vis–NIR) range. However, conflicting reports regarding the generation and reproducibility of ML hinder the understanding and practical utilization of these materials. To address this issue, a comprehensive characterization strategy combining NIR laser‐assisted de‐trapping, UV irradiation‐induced trap‐filling, in situ mechanical stimulation, and continuous ML recording is proposed. Herein, the ML behaviors of four representative doped CaZnOS materials (Mn2+, Bi3+, Er3+, and Ce3+) are investigated using this approach. The results reveal that de‐trapped materials exhibit non‐trap‐controlled ML, wherein ML intensity gradually weakens under successive mechanical stimuli without self‐recovery. In contrast, trap‐filled materials demonstrate both trap‐controlled ML and non‐trap‐controlled ML, with the former predominantly contributing to the overall ML intensity. Notably, trap‐controlled ML shows only partial recovery after trap filling. The non‐trap‐controlled ML is attributed to plastic ML and destructive ML phenomena, while explaining trap‐controlled ML through the carrier de‐trapping model. These results not only clarify conflicting reports but also provide clear insights into the ML properties and mechanisms of CaZnOS‐based materials, facilitating advancements in practical applications. Furthermore, the developed characterization strategy is expected to serve as a valuable reference for establishing standardized protocols to evaluate ML performance.
Reductive Denitrogenation of Six‐membered Cyclic Nitronates to Densely Substituted Dihydrofurans with Raney® Nickel/AcOH System
Authors: Pospelov Evgeny V. , Zhirov Alexander V. , Kamidolla Baglan , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu.
Published: July 2023

A protocol for the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydrofurans by reductive denitrogenation/ring contraction of 6‐membered cyclic nitronates was developed. The process utilizes cheap Raney® nickel both as catalyst and stoichiometric agent without the need for high‐pressure equipment. The products are formed in high purity and column chromatography is often not required. Studies on the substrate scope, functional group tolerance, and mechanism were performed. The developed approach provides a straightforward two‐step access to densely substituted 2,3‐dihydrofurans from nitrostyrenes and alkenes.
Can limits of plant available water be inferred from soil moisture distributions?
Authors: Kukal Meetpal S. , Irmak Suat
Published: July 2023

Robust assessment of crop water availability requires effective integration of soil moisture data within the range of field capacity (θFC) to permanent wilting point (θPWP). Emerging needs for spatiotemporally dynamic θFC and θPWP are difficult to achieve with lab determinations. Therefore, we used long‐term data from 182 sites across the United States to evaluate whether soil moisture extremes defined by 95th and 5th percentiles represent θFC and θPWP, respectively. Soil moisture extremes and lab‐measured θFC and θPWP were well correlated (R2 = 0.71−0.92), however, both 95th and 5th percentiles overestimated θFC and θPWP at most depths (RMSE = 6%–16% vwc). Percentiles of soil moisture distribution that corresponded to lab‐determined θFC and θPWP varied widely and were a function of precipitation received at the site and site‐ and soil‐depth specific clay content. These findings imply that while θFC and θPWP may not be broadly represented by soil moisture extremes (95th and 5th percentiles), there may be potential to statistically infer the positioning of θFC and θPWP within long‐term soil moisture distributions using biophysical determinants such as aridity and soil characteristics.
Narrative minireview of the current status of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for pregnant women
Authors: Yanagawa Youichi , Nunotani Marika , Abe Keiki , Hamada Michika , Ota Soichiro , Muramatsu Ken‐ichi , Takeuchi Ikuto , Nagasawa Hiroki , Ohsaka Hiromichi , Ishikawa Kouhei
Published: July 2023

We performed a narrative minireview for a PubMed search on March 31, 2023, using the keywords “pregnant” and “hyperbaric oxygen” to identify any related articles. Most reports have described pregnant women with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning being treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). HBOT helped improve the maternal condition and ensure normal fetal development. Some pregnant women with CO poisoning treated by HBOT suffered abortions or gave premature birth to low‐weight babies or with congenital malformations. However, these results were considered sequelae of CO poisoning, not HBOT. We hypothesized that for pregnant women facing a life‐threatening situation, for which the effectiveness of HBOT has previously been suggested, prioritizing the stabilization of the mother may also be beneficial for normal fetal development.
Influence of the π‐bridge and heteroatom on fluorene‐based donor‐acceptor polymers: Structure and optoelectronic properties
Authors: Pereira Myllena S. , Araujo Luis O. , Daros Mikaela , Torres Bruno B. M. , Coutinho Douglas J. , Macedo Andreia G. , Faria Roberto M. , Rodrigues Paula C.
Published: July 2023

Conjugated copolymers possess intriguing electronic characteristics that can be precisely modulated by manipulating their chemical structures. In this study, we explored two approaches for fine‐tuning the energy levels of these copolymers: the incorporation of heterocyclic moieties between the donor and acceptor units, and the substitution of a chalcogen atom in the acceptor unit. Specifically, we investigated the insertion of a thiophene along the polymer backbone and the replacement of sulfur with selenium in the acceptor unit. A series of copolymers were synthesized and thoroughly characterized using both experimental and theoretical methods. Partial density distribution of states analysis revealed that the inclusion of a thiophene significantly altered the HOMO level. Furthermore, the resulting Eg exhibited a decrease of approximately 0.8–0.9 eV compared to the copolymer without thiophene, indicating an enhanced planarization of the chain and increased conjugation length. Experimental data obtained from cyclic voltammetry demonstrated that both the conjugation length and the chalcogen atom in the acceptor unit played crucial roles in controlling the energy levels of the HOMO and LUMO. These findings establish a clear correlation between the chemical structure and the properties of the copolymers, demonstrating the potential for precise control and tailoring of their electronic characteristics.
Computer Vision Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium Reveals Lymphocytic Inflammation Is Associated With Immunoglobulin Skewing in Blood
Authors: Frezza Damon , DiCarlo Edward , Hale Caryn , Ramirez Daniel , Mehta Bella , Slater David , Habib Saimun , Frank Mayu O. , Spolaore Edoardo , Smith Melanie H. , Donlin Laura , Goodman Susan , Thompson James R. , Orange Dana E.
Published: July 2023

Objective

We sought to develop computer vision methods to quantify aggregates of cells in synovial tissue and compare these with clinical and gene expression parameters.

Methods

We assembled a computer vision pipeline to quantify five features encompassing synovial cell density and aggregates and compared these with pathologist scores, disease classification, autoantibody status, and RNA expression in a cohort of 156 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 149 patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Results

All five features were associated with pathologist scores of synovial lymphocytic inflammation (P < 0.0001). Three features that related to the cells per unit of tissue were significantly increased in patients with both seronegative and seropositive RA compared with those with OA; on the other hand, aggregate features (number and diameter) were significantly increased in seropositive, but not seronegative, RA compared with OA. Aggregate diameter was associated with the gene expression of immunoglobulin heavy‐chain genes in the synovial tissue. Compared with blood, synovial immunoglobulin isotypes were skewed from IGHM and IGHD to IGHG3 and IGHG1. Further, patients with RA with high levels of lymphocytic infiltrates in the synovium demonstrated parallel skewing in their blood with a relative decrease in IGHGM (P < 0.002) and IGHD (P < 0.03) and an increase in class‐switched immunoglobulin genes IGHG3 (P < 0.03) and IGHG1 (P < 0.002).

Conclusion

High‐resolution automated identification and quantification of synovial immune cell aggregates uncovered skewing in the synovium from naïve IGHD and IGHM to memory IGHG3 and IGHG1 and revealed that this process is reflected in the blood of patients with high inflammatory synovium.

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Deep learning‐based prediction of H3K27M alteration in diffuse midline gliomas based on whole‐brain MRI
Authors: Huang Bowen , Zhang Yuekang , Mao Qing , Ju Yan , Liu Yanhui , Su Zhengzheng , Lei Yinjie , Ren Yanming
Published: July 2023

Background

H3K27M mutation status significantly affects the prognosis of patients with diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), but this tumor presents a high risk of pathological acquisition. We aimed to construct a fully automated model for predicting the H3K27M alteration status of DMGs based on deep learning using whole‐brain MRI.

Methods

DMG patients from West China Hospital of Sichuan University (WCHSU; n = 200) and Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital (CSNH; n = 35) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from February 2016 to April 2022 were enrolled as the training and external test sets, respectively. To adapt the model to the human head MRI scene, we use normal human head MR images to pretrain the model. The classification and tumor segmentation tasks are naturally related, so we conducted cotraining for the two tasks to enable information interaction between them and improve the accuracy of the classification task.

Results

The average classification accuracies of our model on the training and external test sets was 90.5% and 85.1%, respectively. Ablation experiments showed that pretraining and cotraining could improve the prediction accuracy and generalization performance of the model. In the training and external test sets, the average areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) were 94.18% and 87.64%, and the average areas under the precision‐recall curve (AUPRC) were 93.26% and 85.4%.

Conclusions

The developed model achieved excellent performance in predicting the H3K27M alteration status in DMGs, and its good reproducibility and generalization were verified in the external dataset.
Unfolding emotions for creating happiness and quality of life in Malaysia's low‐income community using text mining
Authors: Shuhidan Shuhaida Mohamed , Lokman Anitawati Mohd , Hamidi Saidatul Rahah , Kadir Shamsiah Abd , Syahirah Sharifah , Alam Md. Mahmudul
Published: July 2023

Determining the true reasons for happiness that exist in different social groups is important, especially in the case of those groups where poverty strongly dominates people's well‐being and happiness. To understand the factors that determine happiness among poor communities, this study collected data in the form of 1,793 responses from low‐income communities, who constitute 40% of Malaysia's workforce. To ascertain the feelings and emotional responses of the target group, primary source data were collected based on a questionnaire survey utilising the Lokman Emotion Importance Quadrant (LEIQ™) model. The data were analysed using text mining techniques based on R‐Language software. According to the findings, happiness in Malaysian low‐income communities is primarily shaped by concerns about family matters such as success, care issues, education and so on. Interestingly, government financial support, money, income and work matters are only fifth in importance, and lastly, the least emphasis was put on the public transportation issue. To ensure the true happiness and wellbeing of people who are struggling financially, policymakers must provide not only financial assistance but also ensure a better future for their families: better healthcare, better incomes, keeping a roof over their heads, etc. This study will be useful to the government, development agencies, NGOs, international organisations and other stakeholders wanting to realise the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Malaysia and similarly affected countries. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
The efficacy of radiation therapy using the Quad Shot regimen in cutaneous metastasis from parotid gland cancer: A case report
Authors: Okada Kohei , Takahashi Satoru , Endo Masashi , Fukuda Yukiko , Ogawa Kazunari , Kawahara Masahiro , Akahane Keiko , Nishino Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Hironori , Shirai Katsuyuki
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

Cutaneous metastasis from malignant tumors can cause symptoms such as exudates, bleeding, and pain, which remarkably reduce patient's quality of life. Herein, we report a case in which radiation therapy using the Quad Shot regimen was effective in the treatment of cutaneous metastasis from parotid gland cancer.
Promoting Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Excitation of Localized Surface Plasmon of Shape‐ and Facet‐Controlled Octahedral Au@Pt Core‐Shell Nanocrystals
Authors: Kameyama Tatsuya , Sato Kentaro , Yamamoto Takahisa , Tamura Mamoru , Iida Takuya , Shoji Tatsuya , Tsuboi Yasuyuki , Torimoto Tsukasa
Published: July 2023

Much attention has been paid to the development of high‐performance electrocatalytic reactions by exploiting the plasmonic properties of noble metal nanoparticles. In this study, ultrathin Pt layers with different coverage ratios were prepared on plasmonic octahedral Au nanoparticles (NPs) by underpotential deposition (UPD) of Cu followed by redox replacement with Pt. The effect of the Cu UPD cycle on the deposited Cu and redox‐substituted Pt layers on octahedral Au NPs was investigated to evaluate the electrocatalytic activity of Pt‐decorated octahedral NPs for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By varying the number of cycles of Cu UPD and Pt replacement, the coverage by the Pt layer on the Au NPs could be easily controlled. The resulting Pt‐coated octahedral Au NPs exhibited three times higher specific activity for ORR than commercial Pt/C nanocatalysts due to the deposited Pt layer reflecting the {111} plane of the core. The ORR activity of Pt‐coated octahedral Au NPs could be enhanced by photoexcitation with monochromatic LED irradiation, and the increase in enhancement factor was even greater when irradiated with a wavelength that could efficiently excite the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the NPs. Analysis shows that this improvement is due to improved diffusion of oxygen to the electrode.
Endoscopic landmarks corresponding to anatomical landmarks for esophageal subsite classification
Authors: Ishihara Ryu , Tani Yasuhiro , Okubo Yuki , Asada Yuya , Ueda Tomoya , Kitagawa Daiki , Ninomiya Takehiro , Tamashiro Atsuko , Yoshii Shunsuke , Shichijo Satoki , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Uedo Noriya , Michida Tomoki
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Individual treatment strategies for esophageal cancer have been investigated based on the anatomical subsite classification. Accurate subsite classification based on these anatomical landmarks is thus important. We investigated the suitability of the existing endoscopic classification and explored alternative landmarks for esophageal subsite classification.

Methods

Patients who received endoscopic ultrasonography (and computed tomography scans for surveillance of esophageal cancer treatment or esophageal submucosal tumors were included. Distances between anatomical landmarks, including the inferior cricoid cartilage border, superior border of the sternum, and tracheal bifurcation, were measured using a combination of endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography, and other information.

Results

The mean (standard deviation) distances from the superior incisor dentition to the pharynx–esophagus, cervical–upper thoracic esophagus, and upper–middle thoracic esophagus boundaries were 16.9 (1.7), 21.7 (1.9), and 29.0 (1.9) cm, respectively. However, variances in the differences between the mean and individual distances were large (2.8, 3.4, and 3.7, respectively), mainly because of differences in body height. However, variances in the differences between individual distances and novel endoscopic landmarks, including the lower end of the pyriform sinus and lower end of compression of the left main bronchus, were lower (1.7, 1.2, and 0.6, respectively).

Conclusions

Existing indicators of esophageal subsite boundaries were not consistent with anatomical boundaries. Modification of the distance from the superior incisor dentition based on average distances from anatomical landmarks or the use of alternative endoscopic landmarks is recommended to provide more suitable anatomical boundaries.
Fabrication of hybrid tin oxide‐cellulose nanocomposite as the flexible and thin supercapacitor
Authors: Letchumanan Iswary , Leo Choe Peng , Pung Swee‐Yong , Koe Chee Meng , Shaari Norazuwana , Yusoff Yusra Nadzirah
Published: July 2023

Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with reinforcing effects is a useful building block in the fabrication of flexible and thin supercapacitors. Herein, a hybrid tin oxide‐cellulose nanocomposite was hydrothermally produced and coated on MFC thin films to form a supercapacitor. The hybrid tin oxide‐cellulose thin films were structurally analyzed using scanning electrode microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x‐ray diffraction. The cellulose thin film with the highest loading of hybrid tin oxide‐cellulose nanocomposite exhibited a specific capacitance of 225.88 F g−1 at 100 mV s−1 and 486.38 F g−1 at 20 mV s−1 in the three‐electrode electrochemical system. In addition, it revealed good cyclic stability up to 40 cycles run continuously with 95% cyclic retention. The high specific capacitance and superior cyclic stability could be related to the enhanced charge mobility and ion diffusion between the solid and electrolyte interface. The cellulose thin film coated with flower‐like hybrid nanocomposite showed great potential in energy storage.
The role of maladaptive personality in behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia
Authors: Dero Kato , van Alphen Sebastiaan P. J. , Hoogenhout Esther , Rossi Gina
Published: July 2023

Background

Although research demonstrated a significant link between premorbid normative personality traits and the severity of behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) and associated emotional distress of the caregiver, little is known about the relationship of BPSD symptoms and associated distress with maladaptive traits.

Method

Informants (N = 182) of Dutch nursing home residents with dementia aged 65+, completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire to assess the severity of BPSD and associated emotional distress. Premorbid maladaptive personality traits were evaluated using informant versions of a brief version of the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders‐5 (PID‐5‐BF), and two age‐specific personality measures, the Informant Personality Questionnaire (HAP), and Gerontological Personality disorder Scale. Relationships between premorbid personality and BPSD were investigated with correlational and ordinal regression analyses.

Results

BPSD severity and distress were associated with medium sized correlations to Negative Affectivity, Antagonism and indications of personality disorder presence. The emotional distress also correlated with a medium effect with Detachment. Higher scores on maladaptive personality traits increased the odds of higher BPSD severity and distress.

Conclusion

Results found with age‐specific personality measures were in line with results found with other measures of (mal)adaptive traits. Several maladaptive personality traits had a significant relationship with the BPSD severity and associated emotional distress. We therefore encourage to implement personality assessment within BPSD treatment strategies. This way care becomes more person‐focused and more tailored to the specific needs of patients and caregivers.
Role of fibrilins in human cancer: A narrative review
Authors: Mahdizadehi Mahsa , Saghaeian Jazi Marie , Mir Seyyed Mostafa , Jafari Seyyed Mehdi
Published: July 2023

Background

Fibrillin is one of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins and participates in forming microfibrils found in many connective tissues. The microfibrils enable the elasticity and stretching properties of the ligaments and support connective tissues. There are three isoforms of fibrillin molecules identified in mammals: fibrillin 1 (FBN1), fibrillin 2 (FBN2), and fibrillin 3.

Objective

Multiple studies have shown that mutations in these genes or changes in their expression levels can be related to various diseases, including cancers. In this study, we focus on reviewing the role of the fibrillin family in multiple cancers.

Methods and Results

We performed a comprehensive literature review to search PubMed and Google Scholar for studies published so far on fibrillin gene expression and its role in cancers. In this review, we have focused on the expression of FBN1 and FBN2 genes in cancers such as the lung, intestine, ovary, pancreatic ductal, esophagus, and thyroid.

Conclusion

Altogether various studies showed higher expression of fibrillins in different tumor tissues correlated with the patient's survival. However, there are controversial findings, as some other cancers showed hypermethylated FBN promoters with lower gene expression levels.
Spatial variability of lacustrine groundwater discharge in the largest urban lake in Asia: Coupled influence from land use and hydrogeology
Authors: Sun Pengbo , Du Yao , Sun Xiaoliang , Deng Yamin , Gan Yiqun , Ma Teng
Published: July 2023

Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) has a profound impact on the status of lake ecosystems. The distinct spatial variability of LGD has been acknowledged, but corresponding research has rarely been conducted, especially in urban lakes with changing land use. In this study, the spatial variability of LGD in Tangxun Lake, the largest urban lake in Asia, was quantitatively estimated using the 222Rn mass balance model. Catchments with different land use and hydrogeological conditions within the study area are divided into five regions. The results revealed three ranges of the LGD rate in five regions: the first range of 25 mm/day (region II: 27.25 ± 8.38 mm/day and region IV: 23.04 ± 7.51 mm/day), the second range of 15 mm/day (region III: 14.16 ± 5.64 mm/day), and the third range of 10 mm/day (region I: 10.61 ± 4.31 mm/day, region V: 9.05 ± 3.60 mm/day). Here, we found that the LGD rate of urban lakes was largely controlled by land use patterns, although it was also inherently affected by hydrogeological conditions, which is consistent with a significant positive correlation between the proportion of impermeable/total surfaces within 1 km of the lakeshore and the LGD rate of the corresponding region. The proposed reason is that the head difference between groundwater and lake water decreases with increasing proportion of impermeable surfaces around the urban lake because of reduced infiltration, leading to the decrease of LGD rate. This study provides new insights into the spatial variability of LGD for lakes in a changing environment.
Variability in parenting behaviours during play and during mealtimes with toddlers
Authors: Zvara Bharathi J. , Keim Sarah A. , Andridge Rebecca , Anderson Sarah E.
Published: July 2023

Few empirical studies have explored variability in parenting behaviours observed in a mealtime setting as well as in a play setting with young children. We analysed data from 282 parent–toddler dyads who participated in the Play & Grow study in the United States in 2017–2019. Parent–child interactions were video recorded during play in the laboratory when the child was 18 months old and then during mealtime in the home 6 months later. Standardised coding procedures were used to rate parenting behaviours (sensitivity, cognitive stimulation, positive regard, detachment, intrusive control and negative regard). We describe correlations and differences and variability in parenting behaviour between the two assessments and relative to child sex, gestational age, parent education level, household composition and household income. Detachment was lower on average during play at 18 months compared to during mealtime at 24 months (Cohen's d = −0.40), and the other five parenting behaviours were greater on average during play than during mealtime (d = 0.18–0.43). Sociodemographic characteristics were unrelated to the magnitude of individual differences across contexts in any of the parenting behaviours. Implications for research on associations between parent–child interactions and risk for childhood obesity are discussed.
Using Design Structure Matrices (DSMs) to Derive System Architectures
Authors: Dano Eric B.
Published: July 2023

Design Structure Matrices (DSMs) have been used to find the optimal sequence for process tasks and for defining optimum team structures for many years. This paper proposes a novel approach of performing functional based DSMs. This approach aligns closely with several Architecture Development Methods (ADMs) and serves as a great way to both manually perform and to teach the architectural derivation of a system. An advantage of using the functional DSM method is that system modularity can easily be identified, which aligns with the Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA) modular design tenets. This paper will demonstrate how the functional DSM method can be used to define the architecture of a Software Defined Radio (SDR) based system, for both a large and small platform. Further, it will be demonstrated how the DSM findings can also be combined with the MOSA Key Open Subsystem (KOSS) tool to further enhance modularity and ensure low cost growth and capability insertion over the entire system lifecycle. The author's intent is to not imply that the detailed DSM approach replaces model based architecting. On the contrary, there are model based architectural derivation methodologies (e.g. Arcadia Capella) that have rich artifacts to support all steps of the architecture derivation process. However, this approach provides a means to synthesize a robust modular architecture without model based techniques and allows practitioners to gain a better understand the architectural development elements before a pure modeling approach is used.
Conceptual Design for Resilience
Authors: Flanigan David , Robinson Kevin
Published: July 2023

The development of system concepts are always challenging to visualize as well as analyze, particularly where design concepts such as resilience are a critical system attribute. We are motivated to extend our Model Based Conceptual Design (MBCD) approaches towards analyzing the resilience designed into systems in the Concept Phase. Using the example of a bushfire emergency response system, and specifically to the command and control (C2) systems, of the design concept of resilience is investigated. This paper explores the use of MBCD and its underlying framework to structure the modeling and analysis of C2 structures as they apply to various levels of severity in bushfire situations, and consider how designing for resilience can incorporated in the MBCD approach.
Longitudinal association between self‐compassion and intuitive eating: Testing emotion regulation and body image flexibility as mediating variables
Authors: Messer Mariel , Lee Sohee , Linardon Jake
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Growing evidence suggests that intuitive eating is associated with numerous positive mental health and well‐being constructs. Understanding factors that predict intuitive eating is necessary for identifying practical targets to enhance this style of eating, yet research identifying such predictors is scarce. Self‐compassion is one variable that could enhance intuitive eating because it involves the practice of healthy emotion regulation skills that may disrupt the tendency to turn to food to cope during distressing situations. The present study tested for a longitudinal association between self‐compassion and intuitive eating. We also tested whether this association was mediated by indices of emotion regulation (i.e., global emotion regulation skill scores and body image flexibility).

Method

Adult women (n = 3039) were invited to completed study measures at baseline (T1), 4‐month follow‐up (T2), and 8‐month follow‐up (T3). Path analyses were computed to test hypothesized indirect effects.

Results

A direct path from T1 self‐compassion to T3 intuitive eating emerged, such that higher self‐compassion levels predicted increased intuitive eating over time. However, this association was not mediated by T2 emotion regulation skills nor body image flexibility.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that self‐compassion may facilitate an intuitive eating style, which does not appear to be explained by certain emotion regulation skills.
Can open innovation improve technological outcomes for digital transformation?: Structural approach to strategic decisions of Korean ICT SMEs
Authors: Chung Hyuk , Kim Kyunam
Published: July 2023

In digital transformation, the importance of information and communications technology small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (ICT SMEs) is growing, but their potential and strategic behaviors responding to digital transformation were not fully understood. We empirically analyzed Korean ICT SMEs' strategic decisions for developing and commercializing digital transformation technologies through a structural model of competencies, R&D strategies, and technological commercialization. We found that open innovation and internal R&D are significant mediators between their competencies and technological commercialization. Sectoral discrepancy is also identified: R&D employment and open innovation positively influence on technological commercialization in ICT service, while patenting and internal R&D are significant for ICT manufacturing.
Nurses' perceptions of engaging in internet‐based nursing services: A qualitative study based on three hospitals in China
Authors: Zhao Baosheng , Wang Wei , Yi Mo , LV Hong , Zhang Xiaoman , Liu Yujie , Song Xinhong
Published: July 2023

Aim

In response to the ageing population and shortage of human resources for nursing care, China is piloting internet‐based nursing services (nurses who provide this care are called online nurses). Nurses are the providers of this model, so it is important to understand their perceptions. We aim to explore nurses' perceptions of engaging in internet‐based nursing services.

Design

This study is descriptive qualitative research, so the data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative research method based on the theory of planned behaviour, using thematic analysis.

Methods

With personal semi‐structured interviews conducted by two Master of Science in Nursing with 18 online nurses and nine clinical nurses, terminated after information saturation.

Results

Nurses' emotional attitudes towards internet‐based nursing services were generally positive, but their behavioural intentions were negative. Social support, hospital organisational climate and family responsibilities had a statistically significant impact on nurses' behavioural decisions. Internet‐based nursing services place higher demands on nurses' knowledge and skills, and nurses are most concerned with ensuring patient and nurse safety.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.
The experiment and simulation of enhanced mechanical performance for polyethylene terephthalate/high‐density polyethylene composites via domain size control
Authors: Wang Xiaotong , Yang Shuangqiao , Wang Qi
Published: July 2023

Solid‐state shear milling (S3M) equipment is proficient for achieving room‐temperature ultrafine grinding of multicomponent polymers, demonstrating significant potential in polymer blending and waste plastic recycling. However, a systematic investigation of S3M's ability to control the domain size of multicomponent polymer is currently lacking, which was of great potential for the high‐value recycling of waste plastics that are difficult to separate and thermodynamically incompatible. As the raw material of beverage bottle, polyethylene terephthalate/high‐density polyethylene (PET/HDPE) system with tremendous production was hard to be recycled together. Therefore, in this study, we chose PET/HDPE for the study of domain size control efficiency of S3M on mechanical properties of polymer blend. We also measured the processing parameters during the fabrication of PET/HDPE blended powder to determine the optimal manufacturing parameters for the polymer composite with outstanding mechanical property. After 30 milling cycles, the powder size of PET/HDPE gradually decreased from 849.8 μm (2 cycles) to 43.2 μm, which related to PET domain size of 71.9 and 5.2 μm, respectively. Meanwhile, at 24 milling cycles, the PET/HDPE composites reached the highest tensile strength of 27.6 MPa, meeting the most proper milling condition for PET/HDPE system. Finite element computer simulation was introduced to further investigate the domain size influence on mechanical property of PET/HDPE composites, which acquired similar results with the experimental value before excessive milling cycles. Based on both the experimental results and simulation support, a theoretical basis for the domain‐size‐control analysis of S3M in multicomponent waste polymer recycling was established.
Contextual factors contributing to variability within middle school teachers' observed classroom management and student engagement
Authors: Kaihoi Chelsea A. , Braun Summer S. , Bottiani Jessika H. , Bradshaw Catherine P.
Published: July 2023

Teachers' classroom management practices are an essential aspect of supporting student engagement, yet they often vary in response to changing conditions in the classroom. This study explored the variability within middle school teachers' observed practice and their students' engagement as a function of contextual factors. Observers visited teachers (n = 278) on three occasions, typically over the course of two consecutive school days using two consecutively‐administered observational tools (n = 1582 total observations). Multilevel regression models and multiple comparison adjustments suggested teachers' emotional support and student cooperation declined over time during the morning hours. Small group work, individual seat work, and “other” instructional groupings were often associated with less desirable outcomes than whole group instruction. Finally, most teacher practice and student engagement outcomes were rated more favorably when observers perceived a larger proportion of the students in the classroom to be White. Implications are discussed for observational measures in research and practice and for improvements in teachers' classroom management practices, particularly when working with students of color.
Lipid exchange in crystal‐confined fatty acid binding proteins: X‐ray evidence and molecular dynamics explanation
Authors: Alvarez H. Ariel , Cousido‐Siah Alexandra , Espinosa Yanis R. , Podjarny Alberto , Carlevaro C. Manuel , Howard Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are responsible for the long‐chain fatty acids (FAs) transport inside the cell. However, despite the years, since their structure is known and the many studies published, there is no definitive answer about the stages of the lipid entry‐exit mechanism. Their structure forms a ‐barrel of 10 anti‐parallel strands with a cap in a helix‐turn‐helix motif, and there is some consensus on the role of the so‐called portal region, involving the second ‐helix from the cap (2), C–D, and E–F turns in FAs exchange. To test the idea of a lid that opens, we performed a soaking experiment on an h‐FABP crystal in which the cap is part of the packing contacts, and its movement is strongly restricted. Even in these conditions, we observed the replacement of palmitic acid by 2‐Bromohexadecanoic acid (Br‐palmitic acid). Our MD simulations reveal a two‐step lipid entry process: (i) The travel of the lipid head through the cavity in the order of tens of nanoseconds, and (ii) The accommodation of its hydrophobic tail in hundreds to thousands of nanoseconds. We observed this even in the cases in which the FAs enter the cavity by their tail. During this process, the FAs do not follow a single trajectory, but multiple ones through which they get into the protein cavity. Thanks to the complementary views between experiment and simulation, we can give an approach to a mechanistic view of the exchange process.
All‐Oxide Transparent Vertical Indium Tin Oxide and Aluminum‐Doped Zinc Oxide/β‐Ga2O3 Schottky Diodes
Authors: Taube Andrzej , Borysiewicz Michał A. , Sadowski Oskar , Wójcicka Aleksandra , Tarenko Jarosław , Wzorek Marek
Published: July 2023

Herein, the fabrication and characterization of low‐resistance all‐oxide transparent vertical β‐Ga2O3 diodes using indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) Schottky contacts are reported. It is shown that an ITO ohmic contact to n+‐β‐Ga2O3 substrate is formed after annealing in N2 at 800 °C. Both AZO‐ and ITO‐based Schottky diodes show well‐behaved current–voltage characteristics. Average Schottky barrier heights and ideality factors are 0.99 and 1.05 eV and 0.95 and 1.03 eV for AZO and ITO Schottky contacts, respectively. The on‐off current ratio is about 21010 and 11010 for AZO and ITO Schottky contact, respectively. Moreover, the on‐state resistance is about 6–7 and 4–5 mΩ cm2 for AZO and ITO Schottky contact, respectively, and is 20–35 times lower than for previously reported transparent β‐Ga2O3 Schottky diodes.
The FIFA World Cup as a Tool for Global Health Diplomacy
Authors: Shomuyiwa Deborah Oluwaseun , Ajayi Oluwatomisin Temidayo , Jitanan Manatee , Musa Shuaibu Saidu , Gregorio Ernesto R. , Manirambona Emery , Tamang Monu , Sow Alhaji Umar , Ledra Dorji , Phungdee Theerapon , Gyeltshen Dawa
Published: July 2023

International football competitions like the Continental Championships, Leagues, and World Cup serve as the focal point of large‐scale tournaments with an international scope. With specialized local representatives serving as diplomatic envoys, they can represent interests, beliefs, and history across boundaries. The advancement of world health can also be reflected in this representation. Football can play a crucial role in accomplishing various health goals by raising audience knowledge and encouraging behavioral and lifestyle changes. The World Cup may provide a platform for increased interest in the potential for global health diplomacy. A systems approach is needed to contextualize international soccer within the reality of global health. The World Cup for Health's diplomacy should negotiate with stakeholders and oversee their interactions to provide initiatives and activities that support the globally shared and aligned viewpoint on health outcomes. This article seeks to provide a long‐lasting framework for effectively using the Fédération Internationale de Football Association World Cup, an enormously popular sporting event, as a diplomatic instrument for promoting global health.