bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Land Without Identifiable Ownership” in the Post-East Japan Earthquake Recovery: Lawful Land-Grabbing in Neoliberal Japan
Authors: Kaneko Yuka
Published: September 2024

This paper, with a focus on the status of tsunami disaster victims affected by the 2011 East Japan Earthquake, investigates into the status of private property rights in facing with the reviving legal instrumentalism in Japan, under the campaign of land law reform for the elimination of “land without identifiable owners” in the name of facilitating the disaster recovery, by means of the “special zone” method or the designation of lawless areas where the normal time law is excluded, with the particularly targeted area for such exclusion being the constitutional requirements of due process and fair compensation in public taking. Under the extraordinary setting of absolute majority of conservative party at the National Diet in the aftermath of the 2011 great disaster, legislations in Japan during this decade have been characterized by a manifestation of neo-liberal policy, driving the entire Japanese legal system into a corner. Facts observed in present Japanese society are not different from those observed in other authoritarian regimes in Asia, including the phenomenon of “land grabbing” by the governmental projects, which Asia once experienced a century ago for the colonial land enclosure by “wasteland management.”
Allies in a standoff: Examining the confrontation between Turkey and the United States in Syria
Authors: Alim Eray
Published: September 2024

Turkish confrontation with the United States (US) in Syria serves as a test case for how junior allies, which often rely on their senior allies for defence and security, can come close to armed conflict with them. Neither the theoretical literature on alliances nor the empirical literature on Turkey–US relations provide sufficient insight into such a case. Addressing existing gaps requires identifying the likely factors that lead junior allies into disputes with their senior allies and examining junior allies’ ability to challenge the policies of their more powerful counterparts. In the case of Turkey, the way it withstood the US by revealing its readiness to use military force over the latter’s cooperation with armed groups Turkey considered a threat proves that, despite their disadvantage in the balance of power, junior allies can militarily stand up to their senior allies. Nonetheless, the fact that Turkey has failed to alter its ally’s behaviour shows the limits of success in this endeavour, the reason for which, in our case, lies in Turkey’s lack of normative attachment to and weak interest-based ties with the US.
SARS-CoV-2 burden on the floor was associated with COVID-19 cases and outbreaks in two acute care hospitals: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fralick Michael , Moggridge Jason A. , Wiebe Makenna , Castellani Lucas , McGeer Allison , Feenstra Bryan , Hinz Aaron , Hicks Alexandra M.A. , Hug Laura A. , Wong Alex , Van Bakel Tamara , Abeygunawardena Sawith , Burhunduli Tasha , Mejbel Hebah S. , Kassen Rees , Thampi Nisha , MacFadden Derek , Nott Caroline
Published: September 2024

Background:

Recent work demonstrated that detection of SARS-CoV-2 on the floor of long-term care facilities is associated with impending COVID-19 outbreaks. It is unknown if similar results will be observed in hospitals.

Methods:

Floor swabs were prospectively collected weekly from healthcare worker-only areas (eg, staff locker rooms) at two hospitals in Ontario, Canada for 39 weeks. Floor swabs were processed for SARS-CoV-2 using quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results were reported as percentage of positive floor swabs and viral copy number. Grouped fivefold cross-validation was used to evaluate model outbreak discrimination.

Results:

SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on 537 of 760 floor swabs (71%). At Hospital A, overall positivity was 90% (95% CI: 85%–93%; N = 280); at Hospital B, overall positivity was 60% (95% CI: 55%–64%; N = 480). There were four COVID-19 outbreaks at Hospital A and seven at Hospital B during the study period. The outbreaks consisted of primarily patient cases (ie, 140 patient cases and 4 staff cases). For every 10-fold increase in viral copies, there was a 22-fold higher odds of a COVID-19 outbreak (OR = 22.0, 95% CI 7.3, 91.8). The cross-validated area under the receiver operating curve for SARS-CoV-2 viral copies for predicting a contemporaneous outbreak was 0.86 (95% CI 0.82–0.90).

Conclusion:

Viral burden of SARS-CoV-2 on floors, even in healthcare worker-only areas, was strongly associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in those hospital wards. Built environment sampling may support hospital COVID-19 outbreak identification, fill gaps in traditional surveillance, and guide infection prevention and control measures.
The dusty aftermath of a rapid nova: V5579 Sgr
Authors: Raj Ashish , Bisht Mohit Singh , Walter F.M. , Pandey R. , Woodward C.E. , Harker D.E. , Bisht Devendra , Singh H.P. , Agarwal A. , Pandey Jeewan , Joshi Arti , Belwal K. , Buil Christian
Published: September 2024

V5579 Sgr was a fast nova discovered in 2008 April 18.784 UT. We present the optical spectroscopic observations of the nova observed from the Castanet Tolosan, SMARTS, and CTIO observatories spanning over 2008 April 23 to 2015 May 11. The spectra are dominated by hydrogen Balmer, Fe II, and O I lines with P-Cygni profiles in the early phase, typical of an Fe II class nova. The spectra show He I and He II lines along with forbidden lines from N, Ar, S, and O in the nebular phase. The nova showed a pronounced dust formation episode that began about 20 days after the outburst. The dust temperature and mass were estimated using the WISE data from spectral energy distribution (SED) fits. The PAH-like features are also seen in the nova ejecta in the mid-infrared Gemini spectra taken 522 d after the discovery. Analysis of the light curve indicates values of

$t_2$

and

$t_3$

about 9 and 13 days, respectively, placing the nova in the category of fast nova. The best-fit cloudy model of the early decline phase JHK spectra obtained on 2008 May 3 and the nebular optical spectrum obtained on 2011 June 2 shows a hot white dwarf source with

$T_{BB}$

$\sim$

2.6

$\times$

10

$^5$

K having a luminosity of 9.8

$\times$

10

$^{36}$

ergs s

$^{-1}$

. Our abundance analysis shows that the ejecta is significantly enhanced relative to solar, O/H = 32.2, C/H = 15.5, and N/H = 40.0 in the early decline phase and O/H = 5.8, He/H = 1.5, and N/H = 22.0 in the nebular phase.
The chronology of the Early Trypillian expansion
Authors: Kiosak Dmytro , Bodean Sergiu , Kotova Nadiia , Szidat Sönke , Tinner Willy
Published: September 2024

A new series of 22 radiocarbon dates provides new insights on the origin and distribution of the Early Trypillian archaeological culture in modern-day Moldova and Ukraine. The paper presents data from the sites of preceding groups (5 dates), highlighting gaps in the agricultural settlement of the region, dates related to the Early Trypillia directly (14 dates) and dates from the ceramic hunter-gatherers’ sites that yielded some Early Trypillian pottery (3 dates). The results indicate that the expansion of Early Trypillia into Moldovan and Ukrainian forest-steppe took place during 47–45th centuries BCE and it was a relatively fast colonization likely spanning only 3–5 generations.
THE USE OF SCHOLARSHIP BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Dzehtsiarou Kanstantsin , Ridi Niccolò
Published: September 2024

The relationship between scholarship and adjudication has attracted considerable attention in recent years, especially in those areas where significant academic expertise has been developed and academic scrutiny of decisions is common. Yet the role of scholars and scholarship in the context of the adjudicatory practices of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has remained palpably under-investigated. This article begins to fill this gap in the literature by carrying out the first large-scale empirical study of the use of scholarship by the ECtHR. The authors rely on a purpose-built dataset comprising all the citations made by the Grand Chamber of the Court in judgments and separate opinions appended to it. The study finds that the Court's majority uses scholarship for the purposes of reviewing facts and interpreting international and domestic law but does so rarely. The majority of the ECtHR does not use scholarship to interpret the European Convention on Human Rights or for persuasive purposes, unlike the individual Judges in their separate opinions. Indeed, individual Judges refer to scholarship more often, for more varied and arguably different purposes. This use, however, is inconsistent in terms of both frequency and the types of sources referred to.
Mwene Muji: A Medieval Empire in Central Africa?
Authors: Thornton John
Published: September 2024

Although the Lower Kasai was identified by Jan Vansina as a likely center for highly complex societies, he failed to recognize that sixteenth-century sources had mentioned the Empire of Mwene Muji as a large polity in that region. Studying the well known and recently discovered literature on West Central Africa, as well as a critical study of oral tradition, shows considerable evidence for the antiquity and existence of Mwene Muji.
Asymptotics for the sum-ruin probability of a bi-dimensional compound risk model with dependent numbers of claims
Authors: Chen Zhangting , Cheng Dongya
Published: September 2024

This paper studies a bi-dimensional compound risk model with quasi-asymptotically independent and consistently varying-tailed random numbers of claims and establishes an asymptotic formula for the finite-time sum-ruin probability. Additionally, some results related to tail probabilities of random sums are presented, which are of significant interest in their own right. Some numerical studies are carried out to check the accuracy of the asymptotic formula.
Blue carbon as just transition? A structured literature review
Authors: Atchison Jennifer , Foster Rose , Bell-James Justine
Published: September 2024

Non-technical summary

Substantive carbon is sequestered in mangrove, saltmarsh, seagrass, and other marine ecosystems. Blue carbon is considered to offer potential for enhanced carbon sequestration. Bringing blue carbon to market, however, presents risks to local people and communities with livelihood and other connections to these environments. While efforts are forged to establish payments for ecosystem services, blue carbon presents critical challenges to social and environmental justice. In this paper, we synthesize insights from relevant literature and provide direction for future research on the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon.

Technical summary

Blue carbon has been proposed as a nature-based solution to mitigate climate change and is the focus of concerted scientific and policy attention. The rush to operationalize blue carbon however, presents significant risks for social and environmental justice where it intersects with inequality and marginalization. To date, the reasonable and just consequences of the social transformation that will accompany blue carbon are under-examined. We undertake a structured literature review of research published over the past decade that addresses the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon, and chart four themes: (1) conceptual issues, (2) governance issues; (3) emergent lessons (from practice); and (4) future research directions that address: social acceptability; processes to address social justice including engagement, participation, and benefit sharing; information and data deficits; and institutional governance reform. If the stated opportunities are to be fully realized, we argue the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon, and its intersections with social justice, must be attended to explicitly and clarified.

Social media summary

Just transitions to climate change mean attending to people, culture, and livelihoods as blue carbon is operationalized.
Sustainability dialogues in Brazil: implications for boundary-spanning science and education
Authors: Scarano Fabio R. , Brink Ebba , Carneiro Beatriz L. R. , Coutinho Luciane , Fernandes Clemir , Holz Vitória L. , Salgado Moema , Aguiar Ana C. P. , Latawiec Agnieszka E. , Pardini Renata , Sampaio Michelle C. , Aguiar Anna C. F. , Branco Paulo D. , Freire Laísa , Padgurschi Maíra C. G. , Pires Aliny P. F. , Soares Isadora M. M. , Solórzano Alexandro
Published: September 2024

Non-technical summary

Brazil – one of the world's largest biocultural diversities – faces high rates of habitat loss, social inequality, and land conflicts impacting indigenous and local peoples. To challenge that, Brazilian sustainability science and education needs to be strengthened. We searched for elements in ongoing bottom-up sustainability social movements that can help serve that purpose. We found values, contents, and attitudes that, if incorporated into Brazilian sustainability science and education, can assist its transformative potential by reflecting local voices and critically engaging with (often-hegemonic) northern concepts.

Technical summary

In Brazil, a strong sustainability science and education is required to confront ‘glocal’ issues such as zoonotic pandemics and climate change, which are worsened by rampant ecosystem loss and social vulnerability. However, a largely disciplinary university system has been slow to meet these urgent needs. To address if and how dialogical processes with non-academics can prompt integration between distinct types of knowledge, we analyze four bottom-up sustainability initiatives that promote dialogues between science, the arts, religion, youth, and indigenous and local knowledge, and reflect on lessons learnt with movement organizers, scientists, and educators – the authors of this paper. Although sustainability science produced in dialogue with other forms of knowledge is still emerging in Brazil, we find that bottom-up initiatives outside academia can inspire science and education to approach sustainability as wholeness – a state of balance to be fulfilled when reached individually, collectively, and cosmically. We discuss how to approach a transdisciplinary and reflexive attitude in Brazilian sustainability science and education, and highlight its unique contribution to frontier topics in global sustainability debates.

Social media summary

Social movements’ values, contents, and attitudes can inspire transformative Brazilian sustainability science and education.
Alterspsychiatrie ohne bewegungseinschränkende Maßnahmen
Authors: Baumberger Eliane , Richter Dirk
Published: September 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt?

Bewegungseinschränkende Maßnahmen (BM) können schwerwiegende Folgen haben. Ihre Wirksamkeit ist nicht belegt. Sie tangieren die Menschenrechte und sollten abgeschafft oder stark reduziert werden.

Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht?

Die ärztliche Anordnung von BM erfolgt häufig auf Empfehlung von Pflegenden, die mit BM Stürzen und herausfordernden Verhaltensweisen entgegenwirken wollen.

Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis?

Zur Prävention von Stürzen und herausforderndem Verhalten sind evidenzbasierte Interventionen notwendig. BM, die durch pflegerische Maßnahmen vermieden werden könnten, sind gemäß der Schweizerischen Akademie der Medizinischen Wissenschaften (SAMW) nicht legitim.
New Map Reveals the Extent of Vegetation in Antarctica
Authors: Capella Larissa
Published: September 2024

More than 40 square kilometers of vegetation cover Antarctica, including in previously unknown areas. A new map offers fresh insights for conservation amid climate change.
A Reference Model of Crustal Thickness and Vp/Vs of Western Canada
Authors: Zhang Quan , Chen Yunfeng , Gu Yu Jeffrey , Currie Claire , Audet Pascal , Gilbert Hersh , Schutt Derek L. , Fernández‐Viejo Gabriela , Chen Yangkang
Published: September 2024

The Canadian Cordillera marks a transition region from the current plate boundary through the Phanerozoic Cordilleran orogen to the Precambrian cratons. Knowledge of the subsurface structure of western Canada has been greatly advanced by seismological investigations during the past two decades, pioneered by the Lithoprobe project and, more recently, by regional passive seismic arrays. In this study, we construct a new model (WCANM22) of crustal thickness and P‐ to S‐wave velocity ratio, or Vp/Vs, by compiling receiver function data from 473 stations and existing constraints from over 2,600‐km long active source experiments. Our model covers a broad swath (about 1/4) of the land area of North America (105°–140°W, 48°–72°N) and shows an overall flat Moho beneath the Cordillera with an average depth of ∼36 km and a standard deviation of 3 km across orogenic belts. This study provides a comprehensive catalog of Vp/Vs in western Canada and reveals a moderate correlation between Poisson's ratio and the age of crustal domains. The average Vp/Vs values are 1.72, 1.79, and 1.82 for the Phanerozoic Cordillera, Proterozoic Cratons, and Archean‐aged Medicine Hat Block, respectively, suggesting continued modifications to crustal composition through episodic tectonothermal events. This distinct trend in western Canada sheds new light on the debated role of secular changes in the composition of continental crust.
Validation of Ps‐P Tomography for Obtaining 3D Crustal VP/VS With Small‐N Data Sets: An Application to the Mount St. Helens Magmatic System
Authors: Portner Daniel Evan , Delph Jonathan R. , Kiser Eric , Abers Geoffrey A. , Levander Alan , Pang Guanning
Published: September 2024

The high sensitivity of VP/VS to the presence of melt makes images of VP/VS structure particularly useful in magmatic systems, but detailed three‐dimensional models of VP/VS structure in magmatic systems are often restricted to the upper crust where there is a concentration of seismic sources used for imaging. Ps‐P tomography is a new technique that has been used to image three‐dimensional crustal‐scale variations in VP/VS in regions with limited seismic instrumentation. We apply the Ps‐P tomography technique to a well‐constrained, independently imaged magmatic setting, Mount St. Helens, to outline the efficacy and limitations of this imaging approach. Our Ps‐P tomography model reveals previously imaged high VP/VS upper crustal magma reservoirs beneath active volcanic systems at Mount St. Helens, Mount Adams and the Indian Heaven Volcanic Field and low VP/VS anomalies associated with crystallized plutons. Our model also provides new VP/VS constraints in the lower crust that reveal a high VP/VS anomaly connecting the Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams reservoirs and a low VP/VS anomaly associated with lower crustal cumulates or mafic accreted terranes. Decimation tests further show that first order VP/VS structure is recoverable using as few as four recording seismometers. These images resemble those of independent, higher resolution images from traditional techniques, highlighting the utility of Ps‐P tomography for imaging three‐dimensional variations of VP/VS throughout the crust, including in data‐poor settings or with arrays not designed for structural seismic investigations, such as many volcano monitoring networks.
Anthropometric prediction models of body composition in 3 to 24month old infants: a multicenter international study
Authors: Wickramasinghe Vithanage Pujitha , Ariff Shabina , Norris Shane A. , Santos Ina S. , Kuriyan Rebecca , Nyati Lukhanyo H. , Varghese Jithin Sam , Murphy-Alford Alexia J. , Lucas Nishani , Costa Caroline , Ahuja Kiran D. K. , Jayasinghe S. , Kurpad Anura V. , Hills Andrew P. ,   Multi-center Infant Body Composition Reference Study (MIBCRS), Wickramasinghe V. Pujitha , Murphy-Alford Alexia , Nyati Lukhanyo , Costa Caroline S. , Ahmad Tanvir , Beckett Jeff M. , Bielemann Renata M. , Byrne Nuala M. , Charania Laila , Christian Michele Peresh , Divya Priscilla J. , Hanley Anne , Herath Manoja P. , Ismail Leila I. Cheikh , Jayasinghe Sisitha , Lanerolle Pulani , Loechl Cornelia , Mokhtar Najat , Senerath Upul , Slater Christine , Soofi Sajid , Street Steven J. , Valle Neiva C. J. , Yameen Ayesha
Published: September 2024

Background

Accurate assessment of body composition during infancy is an important marker of early growth. This study aimed to develop anthropometric models to predict body composition in 3–24-month-old infants from diverse socioeconomic settings and ethnic groups.

Methods

An observational, longitudinal, prospective, multi-country study of infants from 3 to 24 months with body composition assessed at three monthly intervals using deuterium dilution (DD) and anthropometry. Linear mixed modelling was utilized to generate sex-specific fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) prediction equations, using length(m), weight-for-length (kg/m), triceps and subscapular skinfolds and South Asian ethnicity as variables. The study sample consisted of 1896 (942 measurements from 310 girls) training data sets, 941 (441 measurements from 154 girls) validation data sets of 3–24 months from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa and Sri Lanka. The external validation group (test) comprised 349 measurements from 250 (185 from 124 girls) infants 3–6 months of age from South Africa, Australia and India.

Results

Sex-specific equations for three age categories (3–9 months; 10–18 months; 19–24 months) were developed, validated on same population and externally validated. Root mean squared error (RMSE) was similar between training, validation and test data for assessment of FM and FFM in boys and in girls. RMSPE and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were higher in validation compared to test data for predicting FM, however, in the assessment of FFM, both measures were lower in validation data. RMSE for test data from South Africa (M/F−0.46/0.45 kg) showed good agreement with validation data for assessment of FFM compared to Australia (M/F−0.51/0.33 kg) and India(M/F−0.77/0.80 kg).

Conclusions

Anthropometry-based FFM prediction equations provide acceptable results. Assessments based on equations developed on similar populations are more applicable than those developed from a different population.
The effect of DMSO on Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with different energy metabolism and antioxidant status
Authors: Święciło Agata , Januś Ewa , Krzepiłko Anna , Skowrońska Monika
Published: September 2024

We studied the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the biochemical and physiological parameters of S. cerevisiae yeast cells with varied energy metabolism and antioxidant status. The wild-type cells of varied genetic backgrounds and their isogenic mutants with impaired antioxidant defences (Δsod mutants) or response to environmental stress (ESR) (Δmsn2, Δmsn4 and double Δmsn2msn4 mutants) were used. Short-term exposure to DMSO even at a wide range of concentrations (2–20%) had little effect on the metabolic activity of the yeast cells and the stability of their cell membranes, but induced free radicals production and clearly altered their proliferative activity. Cells of the Δsod1 mutant showed greater sensitivity to DMSO in these conditions. DMSO at concentrations from 4 to 10–14% (depending on the strain and genetic background) activated the ESR programme. The effects of long-term exposure to DMSO were mainly depended on the type of energy metabolism and antioxidant system efficiency. Yeast cells with reduced antioxidant system efficiency and/or aerobic respiration were more susceptible to the toxic effects of DMSO than cells with a wild-type phenotype and respiro-fermentative or fully fermentative metabolism. These studies suggest a key role of stress response programs in both the processes of cell adaptation to small doses of this xenobiotic and the processes related to its toxicity resulting from large doses or chronic exposure to DMSO.
Cardiovascular outcomes in Parkinson’s disease patients from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lim Subin , Yum Yun Jin , Kim Jong-Ho , Lee Chan-Nyoung , Joo Hyung Joon , Kwon Do-Young
Published: September 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) reports high rates of morbidity and mortality, but the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with PD has not been fully elucidated. This bi-center retrospective cohort study using the electronic health records (EHR) database of two tertiary hospitals screened a total of 327,292 subjects who visited the outpatient clinic, and 1194 patients with PD were propensity score-matched with a control population. The primary outcome was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Key secondary outcomes included all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure hospitalization and 30-day CV death. After PS matching, MACE occurrence was not significantly different between PD and non-PD groups (18.2% vs. 17.5%, log-rank p = 0.98). Key secondary outcomes were also similar between the two groups. In patients with PD, MACE rate, and also CV risk score, were higher in patients with more severe PD (according to Hoehn and Yahr scale and unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale), and after multivariable analysis, PD severity was not an independent predictor of MACE. Patients with PD are at an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the contribution from other common CV risk factors cannot be ignored. The management of prevalent CV risk factors is therefore important in mitigating adverse outcomes among patients with PD.
Manure-biochar compost mitigates the soil salinity stress in tomato plants by modulating the osmoregulatory mechanism, photosynthetic pigments, and ionic homeostasis
Authors: Kamal Mohammed Zia Uddin , Sarker Umakanta , Roy Siddhartha Kumar , Alam Mohammad Saiful , Azam Mohammad Golam , Miah Md. Yunus , Hossain Nazmul , Ercisli Sezai , Alamri Saud
Published: September 2024

One of the main abiotic stresses that affect plant development and lower agricultural productivity globally is salt in the soil. Organic amendments, such as compost and biochar can mitigate the opposing effects of soil salinity (SS) stress. The purpose of this experiment was to look at how tomato growth and yield on salty soil were affected by mineral fertilization and manure-biochar compost (MBC). Furthermore, the study looked at how biochar (organic amendments) work to help tomato plants that are stressed by salt and also a mechanism by which biochar addresses the salt stress on tomato plants. Tomato yield and vegetative growth were negatively impacted by untreated saline soil, indicating that tomatoes are salt-sensitive. MBC with mineral fertilization increased vegetative growth, biomass yield, fruit yield, chlorophyll, and nutrient contents, Na/K ratio of salt-stressed tomato plants signifies the ameliorating effects on tomato plant growth and yield, under salt stress. Furthermore, the application of MBC with mineral fertilizer decreased H2O2, but increased leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf proline, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid content and improved leaf membrane damage, in comparison with untreated plants, in response to salt stress. Among the composting substances, T7 [poultry manure-biochar composting (PBC) (1:2) @ 3 t/ha + soil-based test fertilizer (SBTF)] dose exhibited better-improving effects on salt stress and had maintained an order of T7 > T9 > T8 > T6 in total biomass and fruit yield of tomato. These results suggested that MBC might mitigate the antagonistic effects of salt stress on plant growth and yield of tomatoes by improving osmotic adjustment, antioxidant capacity, nutrient accumulation, protecting photosynthetic pigments, and reducing ROS production and leaf damage in tomato plant leaves.
Multi-output prediction of dose–response curves enables drug repositioning and biomarker discovery
Authors: Gutierrez Juan-José Giraldo , Lau Evelyn , Dharmapalan Subhashini , Parker Melody , Chen Yurui , Álvarez Mauricio A. , Wang Dennis
Published: September 2024

Drug response prediction is hampered by uncertainty in the measures of response and selection of doses. In this study, we propose a probabilistic multi-output model to simultaneously predict all dose–responses and uncover their biomarkers. By describing the relationship between genomic features and chemical properties to every response at every dose, our multi-output Gaussian Process (MOGP) models enable assessment of drug efficacy using any dose–response metric. This approach was tested across two drug screening studies and ten cancer types. Kullback-leibler divergence measured the importance of each feature and identified EZH2 gene as a novel biomarker of BRAF inhibitor response. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our MOGP models in accurately predicting dose–responses in different cancer types and when there is a limited number of drug screening experiments for training. Our findings highlight the potential of MOGP models in enhancing drug development pipelines by reducing data requirements and improving precision in dose–response predictions.
A proposed framework to establishin vitro–in vivorelationships using gastric digestion models for food research
Authors: Nadia Joanna , Roy Debashree , Montoya Carlos A. , Singh Harjinder , Acevedo-Fani Alejandra , Bornhorst Gail M.
Published: September 2024

Proposal of anin vitro–in vivorelationship (IVIVR) framework for food digestion research that serves as a tool to evaluate and improve a specificin vitroapproach in simulatingin vivogastric digestion process.
Screening of anticoagulant active components in Xuefu Zhuyu decoction via affinity-ultrafiltration coupled with mass spectrometry
Authors: Huang Chencun , Dai Jie , He Xiangchang , Huang Shiyi , Zhao Hongqing , He Weihe , Xu Guangming
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to establish an effective affinity-ultrafiltration coupled with mass spectrometry (AUF-MS) method to rapidly screen the active components of antithrombin in Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD).
Innovative fluorescence sensing platform for β-lactams based on acidity/basicity-sensitive graphdiyne quantum dots
Authors: Zhu Gangbing , Liao Diyan , Li Jing , Yi Yinhui
Published: September 2024

An innovative fluorescence sensing strategy of β-lactams (using penicillin G as a model) was proposed by preparing acidity/basicity-sensitive graphdiyne quantum dots, and a smartphone-fluorescence test strip was also established.
Structure-guided design of C3-branched swainsonine as potent and selective human Golgi α-mannosidase (GMII) inhibitor
Authors: Koemans Tony , Bennett Megan , Ferraz Maria J. , Armstrong Zachary , Artola Marta , Aerts Johannes M. F. G. , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Overkleeft Herman S. , Davies Gideon J.
Published: September 2024

A structure-guided design of 3R-substituted swainsonine analogues with selectivity for human GMII over the other human α-mannosidases is reported.
Cu-doped LaNiO3 perovskite catalyst for DRM: revisiting it as a molecular-level nanocomposite
Authors: Hossain Akbar , Ghorai Kalyan , Bhunia Trilochan , Llorca Jordi , Vasundhara M. , Bera Parthasarathi , Bhaskaran Aathira , Roy Sounak , Seikh Md. Motin , Gayen Arup
Published: September 2024

LaNi0.8Cu0.2O3 (left) decomposes to metal/metal oxides (right) without significantly altering their original positions, thus showing identical DRM activity.
Green and efficient catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone over cobalt oxide supported on a carbon material derived from sugar
Authors: Li Jinhong , Song Zhimei , Cui Kaikai , Li Haonan , Han Mei , Wang Jinge , Chen Lidong
Published: September 2024

The improvement in the activity of the CoOx/SC-10-in situ catalyst in ethylbenzene oxidation to acetophenone is mainly attributed to the nano-effect of the support and the active component cobalt oxide.
The potentiality of isoflavones from Derris robusta (DC.) Benth. against α-glucosidase
Authors: Panbo Pakuna , Tantapakul Cholpisut , Payaka Apirak
Published: September 2024

Details of the α-glucosidase inhibitory ability of isoflavones from D. robusta were revealed by MD simulations. All isoflavones could bind with the α-glucosidase active site effectively and the hydroxy substituent was a key factor in the binding.
High-temperature calcination enhances the activity of MnOx catalysts for soot oxidation
Authors: Wang Meng , Wang Jingyi , Zhang Yan , Yu Yunbo , Shan Wenpo
Published: September 2024

High-temperature calcination usually induces the sintering of catalysts, thus resulting in negative effects on their performance.
Air-stable and lithium-compatible garnet pellet enabled by surface doping for high-performance solid-state batteries
Authors: Guo Sijie , Wu Ting-Ting , Lu Si-Qi , Weng Su-Ting , Qi Mu-Yao , Li Bing , Sun Yong-Gang , Zhang Si-Dong , Wang Xue-Feng , Zhang Hong-Shen , Cao An-Min
Published: September 2024

Garnet-type solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), typically Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZT), hold great promise for next-generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs).
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HEAL9 attenuates cognitive impairment and progression of Alzheimer's disease and related bowel symptoms in SAMP8 mice by modulating microbiota-gut-inflammasome-brain axis
Authors: Di Salvo C. , D'Antongiovanni V. , Benvenuti L. , d'Amati A. , Ippolito C. , Segnani C. , Pierucci C. , Bellini G. , Annese T. , Virgintino D. , Colucci R. , Antonioli L. , Fornai M. , Errede M. , Bernardini N. , Pellegrini C.
Published: September 2024

HEAL9 alleviates cognitive decline and normalizes colonic motility in the prodromal AD via microbiota-gut-inflammasome-brain axis. HEAL9 can represent a suitable therapeutical option for the treatment of early AD and related intestinal symptoms.
Green tea polyphenols alleviate TBBPA-induced gastric inflammation and apoptosis by modulating the ROS-PERK/IRE-1/ATF6 pathway in mouse models
Authors: Yang Jie , Geng Yuan , Zhao Bing , Liu Tianjing , Luo Ji-long , Gao Xue-jiao
Published: September 2024

Green tea polyphenols (GTP), an important phytochemical in the daily human diet, bind to various cellular receptors and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides in dry-fermented sausages fermented with Staphylococcus simulans QB7
Authors: Li Hongying , Liu Linggao , Fan Hongbing , Li Mingming , Luo Peng , Zhou Ying , Lu Kuan , Zhu Qiujin , Wu Jianping
Published: September 2024

This study focused on investigating the impacts of Staphylococcus simulans QB7 (S. simulans QB7) on the generation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides in dry-fermented sausages and the associated mechanisms by in silico.
Evaluation on the recovery of lignin from basic [Ch][Lys] systems using low-cost alcohols as anti-solvents under acid-free conditions
Authors: Liu Yichen , Zhao Wanting , Luo Qizhen , Yan Jipeng , Sun Jian
Published: September 2024

An acid-free, high efficiency, and mild method of precipitating and separating lignin from basic ionic liquids (BIL) such as choline lysinate ([Ch][Lys]) by using alchohols (such as tert-butanol) as anti--solvents.
Unveiling the anticancer potential of plumbagin: targeting pyruvate kinase M2 to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in hepatoma cells
Authors: Wu Jun , Ding Zhenjiang , Tu Jingwen , Osama Alsiddig , Nie Qiuying , Cai Wenqing , Zhang Baoxin
Published: September 2024

Plumbagin is discovered as a novel PKM2 inhibitor, which induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in HepG2 cells via inhibiting PKM2 activity and expression.
Revolutionizing cancer therapy: nanoformulation of miRNA-34 – enhancing delivery and efficacy for various cancer immunotherapies: a review
Authors: Fawzy Marola Paula , Hassan Hatem A. F. M. , Sedky Nada K. , Nafie Mohamed S. , Youness Rana A. , Fahmy Sherif Ashraf
Published: September 2024

Despite recent advancements in cancer therapies, challenges such as severe toxic effects, non-selective targeting, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and recurrence of metastatic tumors persist.
Towards tunable exciton delocalization in DNA Holliday junction-templated indodicarbocyanine 5 (Cy5) dye derivative heterodimers
Authors: Pascual Gissela , Díaz Sebastián A. , Roy Simon K. , Meares Adam , Chiriboga Matthew , Susumu Kimihiro , Mathur Divita , Cunningham Paul D. , Medintz Igor L. , Yurke Bernard , Knowlton William B. , Melinger Joseph S. , Lee Jeunghoon
Published: September 2024

We studied the exciton delocalization of indodicarbocyanine 5 dye derivative (Cy5-R) heterodimers templated by a DNA Holliday junction (HJ), which was quantified by the exciton hopping parameter Jm,n.
Regulating magnetic skyrmions in multiferroic monolayer MnOBr
Authors: Hou Cong , Sun Yibo , Lu Yuhang , Li Zimo , Ni Jun
Published: September 2024

Two-dimensional multiferroic materials that exhibit both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism provide a new platform for the discovery and regulation of magnetic skyrmions.
Metal–organic framework-based membranes for ion separation/selection from salt lake brines and seawater
Authors: Li Lirong , Liu Biyuan , Li Zhigang
Published: September 2024

Nanofiltration (NF) technologies have evolved into a stage ready for industrial commercialization.
3D self-assembled polar vs. non-polar NiO nanoparticles nanoengineered from turbostratic Ni3(OH)4(NO3)2 and ordered β-Ni(OH)2 intermediates
Authors: Pejova Biljana , Eid Arej , Lari Leonardo , Althumali Ahmad , Šiller Lidija , Kerrigan Adam , Pejov Ljupcho , Lazarov Vlado K.
Published: September 2024

3D assemblies of neutral and polar surface-terminated NiO NPs from 3D nanoflowers utilizing ordered β-Ni(OH)2 and turbostratic Ni3(OH)4(NO3)2 intermediates, respectively.
Organocatalytic enantioselective assembly of dispiro-bisoxindoles with vicinal stereocenters
Authors: Borah Biplob , Patat Mihir , Chowhan L. Raju
Published: September 2024

An enantioselective synthesis of dispiro-bisoxindoles featuring vicinal stereogenic centers using organocatalysis is discussed in this review article.
Influence of polyol impurities on the transesterification kinetics, molecular structures and properties of isosorbide polycarbonate
Authors: Guo Mingfa , Wang Yaning , Li Zhenguang , Xu Jielin , Chen Qian , Wu Jing , Wang Huaping
Published: September 2024

A so-called “reverse-addition” model protocol based on two kinds of polyol impurities (glycerol and 2-deoxy-d-ribose) was established to systematically demonstrate their influence on the polymerization and properties of PIC.
Constructing phase diagrams of block copolymers with A-block-(B-stat-C) architecture
Authors: Weidinger Britta , von Coelln Nadine , Yang Guohui , Nirschl Hermann , Wacker Irene , Schröder Rasmus R. , Tegeder Petra , Blasco Eva
Published: September 2024

Two libraries of BCPs with an A-block-(B-stat-C) architecture having hydroxy and methacrylate pendant groups are synthesized. Constructed phase diagrams reveal that small changes in polymer composition significantly impact the morphological behavior.
Scalable complete conversion of MgCo2O4 by mechanochemistry for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Xiang Qixuan , Zhang Hao , Zhang Xianglong , Tan Huijun , Zhao Yaping
Published: September 2024

Complete conversion of MgCo2O4 with excellent electrochemical performance has been successfully achieved.
Visible-light-promoted catalytic epoxidation of alkenes under metal-free conditions
Authors: Tan Dabao , Cai Xiaoyan , Zhang Lele , Liu Boyu , Zeng Jianbin , Li Feiming , Cai Zhixiong , Huang Mingqiang , Chen Xiaoping , Cai Shunyou
Published: September 2024

In this work, we report a method for the synthesis of functionalized epoxy analogues using the synergistic interaction of 4CzIPN and oxygen under visible light stimulation.
On the temperature dependent photoluminescence of nanoscale LuPO4:Eu3+ and their application for bioimaging
Authors: Kappelhoff Jan , Greve Burkhard , Jüstel Thomas
Published: September 2024

The Eu3+ doped LuPO4 nanoparticles were incubated in human lung cancer cells (A549) and the emission was measured via fluorescence microscope.
Chemically recycled commercial polyurethane (PUR) foam using 2-hydroxypropyl ricinoleate as a glycolysis reactant for flexibility-enhanced automotive applications
Authors: Jašek Vojtěch , Montag Petr , Menčík Přemysl , Přikryl Radek , Kalendová Alena , Figalla Silvestr
Published: September 2024

Chemical recycling is a material and energy-saving concept that solves the landfilling and incinerating of used materials. This article presents the polyurethane chemical recycling route, including a bio-based solvent.
Synthesis and fluorescence properties of europium complex functionalized fiberglass paper
Authors: Li Qiuping , Wen Qianqian , Fang Zian , Wang Yidi , Ouyang Hongxia , Wang Qi , Wei Meng
Published: September 2024

We present a simple method to create fluorescent paper using europium complexes and glass fiber, which can also be used for producing test papers that detect specific transition metals.
Recycling of e-waste power cables using microwave-induced pyrolysis – process characteristics and facile recovery of copper metal
Authors: Horikoshi Satoshi , Hachisuga Naoki , Serpone Nick
Published: September 2024

Recycling e-wastes using a VVF power cable through a rapid pyrolytic mechanism by microwave radiation is reported, and it is possible to produce copper wire and carbon resources without going through highly toxic intermediates.
Correction: Catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) using coal-based nano-carbon materials
Authors: Luo Hongchao , Liu Xinjuan
Published: September 2024

Correction for ‘Catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) using coal-based nano-carbon materials’ by Hongchao Luo et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 27298–27309, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA03407D.
Wide-field imaging of active site distribution on semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets in electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic processes
Authors: Wen Lisi , Chen Houkai , Hao Rui
Published: September 2024

A widefield in situ metal-deposition-based molecular reaction imaging method has been developed to map electrochemical interfaces, unveiling the complementary distribution of electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic active sites on p-type WSe2.
An electron-losing regulation strategy for stripping modulation towards a highly reversible Zn anode
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Liu Liyang , Hu Zewei , Han Chao , Xu Xun , Dou Shixue , Li Weijie
Published: September 2024

An electron-losing regulation strategy for stripping modulation by adding Oxolane (OL) additives is proposed. According to experimental results, new guidance for designing electrolyte additives is provided.
Facile and scale-up syntheses of high-performance enzyme@meso-HOF biocatalysts
Authors: Di Zhengyi , Qi Yu , Yu Xin-Xin , Li Hai-Ruo , Zuo Meng-Xuan , Ren Tian-Tian , Li Cheng-Peng , Zhao Yanli
Published: September 2024

Facile and scale-up fabrication of enzyme-loaded mesoporous hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks as efficient biocatalysts is achieved.
Size disproportionation among nanocluster transformations
Authors: Zhu Chen , Lu Luyao , Li Fei , Kang Xi , Zhu Manzhou
Published: September 2024

The size disproportionation of nanocluster transformation was investigated based on controllable Au-doping on a (AgCu)43 nanocluster, which produced size-increased (AuAgCu)56 and size-reduced (AuAgCu)33 simultaneously.
The role of an intramolecular hydrogen bond in the redox properties of carboxylic acid naphthoquinones
Authors: Guerra Walter D. , Odella Emmanuel , Cui Kai , Secor Maxim , Dominguez Rodrigo E. , Gonzalez Edwin J. , Moore Thomas A. , Hammes-Schiffer Sharon , Moore Ana L.
Published: September 2024

The electrochemical properties of a bioinspired naphthoquinone bearing an intramolecular hydrogen-bonded carboxylic acid are explained by a combination of PCET and ET processes.
Facilitating intrinsic delayed fluorescence of conjugated emitters by inter-chromophore interaction
Authors: Gao Yixuan , Sun Yingman , Guo Zilong , Yu Guo , Wang Yaxin , Wan Yan , Han Yandong , Yang Wensheng , Zhao Dongbing , Ma Xiaonan
Published: September 2024

By facilitating an intramolecular excimer-like state, intrinsic delayed fluorescence of a conjugated emitter was enabled with kRISC = 6.5 × 105 s−1, which can be regarded as a general strategy for TADF based high-performance OLED devices.
Mononuclear metal complex catalysts on supports: foundations in organometallic and surface chemistry and insights into structure, reactivity, and catalysis
Authors: Gates Bruce C.
Published: September 2024

Catalysts consisting of isolated metal atoms bonded to solid supports have drawn wide attention by researchers, with recent work emphasizing noble metals on metal oxide and zeolite supports.
Choosing a liquid hydrogen carrier for sustainable transportation
Authors: Tountas Athanasios A. , Ozin Geoffrey A. , Sain Mohini M.
Published: September 2024

The convenient transport of liquid H2 carriers’ from locations ≥10,000 km distance by tanker ships will enable the use of H2 for next generation transportation purposes, provided the techno-economics of doing so are achievable in practice.
Integrating dual-defects and the heterojunction in ZnIn2S4−x/g-C3N4−x composites induces breaking-symmetry for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Zhou Guoxi , Qi Yige , Wu Yunchao , Wang Hou , Yan Zhiyong , Wu Yan
Published: September 2024

N and S dual defects break the symmetry of ZISSv/CNNv composites, producing shallow capture states with directional electric fields.
Polyamidoxime-based colloidal particles with a 3D network for synergistic uranium extraction from seawater
Authors: Huang You , Zou Shufen , Lin Shan , Na Bing , Li Zhuyao , Zhang Shuang
Published: September 2024

It is still a challenge to synthesize high-performance adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater.
Integrating transition metal phosphide catalysts on WO3 photoanodes enabling robust photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Yang Biao , Ru Changlong , Jiao Yuye , Gao Lihua , Song Yurou , Hu Zhiqiang , Hou Jungang
Published: September 2024

Transition metal phosphides (MPx = Ni2P, Cu3P, FeP and Co2P) are employed as cocatalysts to optimize the surface reaction kinetics of a WO3 photoanode, improving the oxygen evolution reaction performance and long-term stability.
Highly stretchable ionic hydrogels with enhanced thermoelectric performance and flame retardancy for intelligent fire protection
Authors: Fu Mi , Wu Zhengzhong , Liu Xiaobo , Yuan Yuwei , Lai Xuejun , Yue Kan
Published: September 2024

This work highlights the synergistic integration of mechanical flexibility, thermoelectric performance, and fire safety in the development of next-generation intelligent materials for fire protection.
Synergistic hydrazine-driven regulation and Mo/S co-doping to endow BiOBr with heterovalent molybdenum states and abundant oxygen vacancy defects for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Su Zhengjie , Wu Binghong , Kuo Dong-Hau , Chen Longyan , Zhang Pengkun , Yang Baoqian , Wu Xinru , Lu Dongfang , Lin Jinguo , Chen Xiaoyun
Published: September 2024

A novel Mo/S co-doped BiOBr-based bimetal bismuth sulfur-oxybromide catalyst with heterovalent molybdenum states and abundant oxygen vacancy defects exhibits an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 710.5 μmol h−1.
Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells for hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis
Authors: Du Zhiwei , Gong Wenjie , Xu Kang , Zhu Feng , Zhang Xirui , Chen Yu
Published: September 2024

Here we report the demonstration of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells for hydrogen production through seawater vapor electrolysis. The single cells achieve excellent electrochemical performance and maintain good stability during testing.
Robust hydrogels with hierarchical porosities from the controlled assembly of metal–organic polyhedra for rapid removal of low-concentration aqueous iodine
Authors: Xiao Haiyan , Yin Jia-Fu , Jiang Hanqiu , Lan Linjie , Chen Jiadong , Liu-Fu Wei , Liu Shengqiu , Ke Yubin , Yin Panchao
Published: September 2024

The Rh-MOPs coordinate with telechelic ligands to form robust hydrogels with controlled hierarchical porosities, where the meso-channels and the micropores of MOPs cooperatively achieve the rapid removal of low-concentration aqueous iodine.