bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« Notre rôle : raccrocher l’individu au système de soins »
Authors: Pettré Pauline , Chaillou Aurore
Published: December 2023

Dans le Tarn-et-Garonne, de nombreuses personnes en situation de précarité, de handicap ou peu mobiles renoncent à des soins. Au sein de l’association Apas 82, des équipes mobiles tentent de les rapprocher du système de santé. Entretien avec une infirmière.
Un camping-car pour faire du lien
Authors: Crochet Romain , Sanchez Alice , Chaillou Aurore
Published: December 2023

En Indre-et-Loire, un camping-car, le Bureau itinérant et solidaire, va à la rencontre des gens du voyage pour les aider à accéder à leurs droits. Une solution associative essentielle, que les services publics devraient reprendre à leur compte.
L’étrange puissance de l’innocence
Authors: Morizot Baptiste
Published: December 2023

Lors d’une expédition scientifique en Méditerranée, un équipage croise la route d’un banc de raies Mobula. Cette rencontre pacifique et curieuse inspire au philosophe et pisteur Baptiste Morizot une réflexion sur le rapport de l’humain aux autres vivants.
Une alerte enterrée
Authors: Méda Dominique
Published: December 2023

Il y a cinquante ans, le vice-président de la Commission européenne chargé de l’agriculture prônait une bifurcation radicale de l’économie face aux limites de la croissance. Un texte d’une évidente actualité.
« Santé Publique Orale » : contexte, enjeux et perspectives
Authors: Vergnes Jean-Noel , Azogui Sylvie
Published: December 2023

La « santé publique orale » est une discipline qui tire sa légitimité épistémologique de la place très particulière du dentiste dans le champ de la santé. Elle agit comme une charnière entre la santé publique et les sciences odontologiques. La pertinence du développement d’une « santé publique orale » est bidirectionnelle. D’un côté, la « santé publique orale » prend la mesure des évolutions sanitaires et sociétales, des déterminants de santé générale, des enjeux climatiques et planétaires, afin d’orienter les décisions politiques, la formation, la recherche et les pratiques odontologiques dans des directions favorisant le bien commun, l’équité dans l’accès aux soins et les innovations techniques et sociales. D’un autre côté, la « santé publique orale » peut enrichir le domaine de la santé en général, en transférant les contributions diverses issues de la chirurgie dentaire et de ses spécificités historiques. Ainsi, l’indépendance de la chirurgie dentaire est à la fois un obstacle à la collaboration interdisciplinaire mais aussi un moyen de progresser grâce aux solutions nécessaires pour la transcender. Ajoutons qu’à l’heure des patients-partenaires et de la diffusion des enjeux d’équité, de diversité et d’inclusion, il est temps de considérer les représentants de patients comme faisant partie des acteurs de la « santé publique orale ».
Le volet bucco-dentaire de la réforme 100 % santé : premiers éléments descriptifs
Authors: Inquimbert Camille , Tramini Paul , Bas Anne-Charlotte
Published: December 2023

La réforme 100 %  s anté est un choc important dans les pratiques tarifaires et assurantielles en santé orale en France. L’objectif de l’étude est d’observer l’évolution de la consommation de soins dentaires et notamment prothétiques sur une période regroupant des années ante- et post-réforme. Cette étude exploratoire, soutenue par des travaux de recherche descriptifs, fournit les premiers éléments d’analyse utiles pour évaluer la réforme 100 % santé sur le volet bucco-dentaire. Il s’agit d’une étude exploratoire reposant sur les données de consommation de soins de 3 466 764 bénéficiaires de 3-25 ans de l’Assurance maladie en Occitanie, sur la période allant du 1 er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2020. L’analyse descriptive de ces données a permis de mettre en évidence que les soins prothétiques sont les seuls soins consommés dont la moyenne augmente entre 2019 et 2020 : hausse relative de +4 % chez les 3-25 ans et +6,7 % chez les 21-25 ans. De plus, chez les 21-25 ans, on observe un recul de la part des prothèses dans les soins consommés en 2019, puis un regain se rapprochant de 0,3 % de la part initiale en 2020. Malgré l’impossibilité de conclure à un réel effet, ces résultats montrent une tendance positive selon laquelle l’objectif d’augmentation de la consommation des soins prothétiques de la réforme semble se réaliser. Cette étude souligne l’importance d’évaluer les répercussions à long terme de la crise Covid et de la réforme 100 %  s anté sur les consommations de soins dentaires.
L’accès aux soins bucco-dentaires dans la réforme 100 % santé : contexte et perspectives
Authors: Bas Anne-Charlotte
Published: December 2023

Le volet bucco-dentaire de la réforme « 100 % santé » devait répondre au problème majeur des inégalités sociales d’accès aux soins dentaires en France. Nous proposons ici un résumé du contexte qui a appelé à cette réforme de la régulation des soins dentaires, une présentation de la réforme « 100 % santé » ainsi que des enjeux auxquels son application devra faire face. Les difficultés d’accès aux soins dentaires constatées étaient notamment associées à des restes à charge particulièrement élevés pour les usagers. La participation financière des usagers étaient ainsi la première cible de la réforme « 100 % santé », juste avant le renforcement d’une politique de santé préventive. L’outil principal de cette réforme est un plafonnement du tarif de certains soins. Cela permet d’organiser le financement total de ces soins par les assurances santé. Il existe désormais trois paniers de soins ayant chacun une tarification et un financement différent. Le premier panier propose des soins sans reste à charge pour le patient. Cette réforme constitue un choc dans la régulation des soins dentaires qui pourrait avoir des conséquences très différentes selon les territoires et leur dotation en chirurgiens-dentistes. L’efficacité de la réforme sur l’évolution de la consommation de soins et son efficience en matière de réduction des inégalités d’accès doivent être surveillées.
Le projet de télémédecine bucco-dentaire e-DENT : réalisations, enseignements et perspectives
Authors: Inquimbert Camille , Bossouf Abid , Sabourin Céline , Giraudeau Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Le décret no 2010-1229 relatif à la télémédecine, paru au Journal officiel de la République française (JORF) no 0245 du 21 octobre 2010, a précisé les modalités d’application de la télémédecine. La pratique de la médecine bucco-dentaire à distance commence à se faire une place en France. Depuis 2010, l’équipe de santé publique orale du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Montpellier et de l’université de Montpellier travaille sur le sujet avec près de 10 000 actes de télémédecine réalisés dans le cadre de l’Unité d’activité médicale de « Première consultation et télémédecine » du Centre de soins, d’enseignement et de recherche dentaire (CSERD) du CHU de Montpellier. Différentes études ont été menées auprès de multiples publics pour évaluer l’intérêt de la télémédecine bucco-dentaire dans différents milieux. La pratique de la télémédecine bucco-dentaire doit permettre de lutter contre les inégalités d’accès aux soins et à la prévention pour la population française. Des intérêts se dégagent pour les patients, les professionnels de santé, les chirurgiens-dentistes et les institutions de santé, mais des améliorations sont nécessaires pour cadrer et pérenniser cette pratique. La profession doit prendre des décisions majeures et relancer les discussions pour que la France reste dans le peloton de tête à l’échelle internationale dans cette pratique.
Cholesterol affected dynamics of lipids in tailor-made vesicles by ArcVes software during multi micro second coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Chia-Wen , Lin Meng-Han , Fischer Wolfgang B.
Published: December 2023

In biotechnology, as well as in nanomedicine, vesicular structures are essential features of the cellular life cycle. Lipid compositions define the applicability of the vesicles. Here, the dynamics of lipid molecules within vesicles of approximately 10 nm in diameter are monitored using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations (MARTINI). The vesicles consist of (i) 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), as well as 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), each in a mixture with cholesterol (CHOL) (POPC/CHOL, DOPC/CHOL), (ii) POPC/DOPC mixture and (iii) pure POPC and DOPC. Vesicles are generated by placing the individual lipids spatially separated by an area-per-lipid based distance onto the sphere using an arc correction, implemented into ArcVes, which is an in-house developed software. This protocol leads to the generation of vesicles which remain stable during extended MD simulations. In the presence of cholesterol, the mixed vesicles show time-dependent changes such as a decrease in both radii and membrane thickness. The number of lipids in each leaflet of the mixed vesicles reveals a trend of POPC and DOPC flipping to the outer leaflet and of cholesterol to the inner leaflet. This leads to a cholesterol rich path-formation in both the inner and outer leaflets. The diffusivity of the lipids in the vesicles mixed with cholesterol is lower than the diffusivity of the pure vesicles, similar to the observation for the respective flat membrane patches. In general, the diffusivity of the lipids is larger in the outer leaflets than the inner leaflets.
On the (total) Roman domination in Latin square graphs
Authors: Zhang Chang-Xu , Hu Fu-Tao , Yang Shu-Cheng
Published: December 2023

Latin square, also known as Latin square matrix, refers to a kind of $ n\times n $ matrix, in which there are exactly $ n $ different symbols and each symbol appears exactly once in each row and column. A Latin square graph $ \Gamma(L) $ is a simple graph associated with a Latin square $ L $. This paper studied the relationships between the (total) Roman domination number and (total) domination number of Latin square graph $ \Gamma(L) $. We showed that $ \gamma_{R}(\Gamma(L)) = 2\gamma(\Gamma(L)) $ or $ \gamma_{R}(\Gamma(L)) = 2\gamma(\Gamma(L))-1 $, and $ \gamma_{tR}(\Gamma(L))\ge \frac{8\gamma_t(\Gamma(L))}{5} $ for $ n\ge 2 $. In 2021, Pahlavsay et al. proved $ \gamma(\Gamma(L))\ge \lceil \frac{n}{2}\rceil $ and $ \gamma_t(\Gamma(L))\ge \lceil \frac{4n-2}{7}\rceil $ for $ n\ge 2 $. In this paper, we showed that $ \gamma_R(\Gamma(L))\ge 2\lceil \frac{n}{2}\rceil $ (equality holds if, and only if, $ \gamma(\Gamma(L)) = \lceil \frac{n}{2}\rceil $) and $ \gamma_t(\Gamma(L)) > \frac{4n}{7} $ for $ n\ge 2 $. Since $ \gamma_R(G)\le 2\gamma(G) $ and $ \gamma_{tR}(G)\le 2\gamma_t(G) $ for any graph $ G $, our results can deduce or improve Pahlavsay et al.'s results. Moreover, we characterized these Latin squares for $ \gamma_R(\Gamma(L)) = 2\lceil \frac{n}{2}\rceil $, which is equal to $ \gamma(\Gamma(L)) = \lceil \frac{n}{2}\rceil $.
Ethnographies sous traitement : enquêter en tant que patients pendant l’épidémie de covid-19 en Guinée
Authors: Attas Fanny , Curtis Marie-Yvonne , Koniono Gnouma Laurent
Published: December 2023

Cet article décrit les aspects méthodologiques de la recherche en anthropologie à l’épreuve du covid en Guinée. Nos expériences comme patients positifs au sein des centres de traitement épidémiques (CT-Epi) nous ont poussés à développer une approche originale basée sur un assemblage d’outils méthodologiques permettant de faire émerger une nouvelle manière d’être au terrain et à la recherche. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons les spécificités de cette méthodologie axée sur le corps et le soi comme objet et outil d’investigation ethnographique – une « ethnographie croisée » combinant ethnographie classique et auto-ethnographie – tout en adressant les enjeux éthiques et épistémologiques qu’elle soulève. Dans un second temps, nous montrons comment cette approche nous a permis de faire une ethnographie plus fine des CT-Epi, par la mise en lumière de la prise en charge holistique des patients, du sentiment d’enfermement et des inégalités de soin, et des tactiques non officielles des acteurs afin de gérer le risque épidémique et social.
Entre peanut butter et pé-de-moleque : incursions comparatives dans les modalités de décision à la majorité de la Cour suprême des États-Unis et du Tribunal fédéral suprême du Brésil
Authors: Duarte Fernanda
Published: December 2023

Partant d’une comparaison contrastive entre la
formation des décisions collégiales de la Cour suprême des États-Unis
(SCOTUS) et du Tribunal fédéral suprême brésilien (STF), fondées sur
le principe de majorité, ce travail met en perspective l’affirmation,
commune dans le champ juridique au Brésil, selon laquelle le STF
aurait été forgé à l’image de la Cour suprême nord-américaine, en
opérant ainsi un rapprochement entre les deux systèmes.
Le Royaume du Kongo face aux bouleversements de l’Atlantique dans le contexte de l’Indépendance du Brésil : le cas du prince Aleixo Água Rosada (1822-1850)
Authors: Sapede Thiago C.
Published: December 2023

Cet article étudie les conséquences profondes
des bouleversements globaux des premières décennies du XIXe siècle sur le royaume du
Kongo, notamment le phénomène abolitionniste de la traite et
l’Indépendance du Brésil. Nous voulons analyser comment des rois, des
princes et des officiers du Kongo ont essayé de manœuvrer en ces temps
troublés et de s’adapter à un contexte qui mettait à mal l’ancien modus operandi diplomatique
et économique entre le Kongo et le Portugal. Ces nouveaux rapports de
force et les tentatives des élites du Kongo pour conserver leur
pouvoir et souveraineté ont entraîné des malentendus et des situations
de violence. Nous allons nous pencher, spécifiquement, sur une étude
de cas : celui du prince du Kongo Aleixo Água Rosada – emblématique et
révélateur de la force du processus en cours et de son impact sur le
Kongo à l’aube du colonialisme.
Juxtapositions de logiques et de domaines culturels et politiques dans l’État du Maranhão
Authors: Reis Eliana Tavares dos , Grill Igor Gastal
Published: December 2023

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à montrer comment des agents qui s’affirment comme porte-paroles de la « culture » et de la « politique » au Maranhão ont des profils déterminés et activent des capacités de médiation qui garantissent l’occupation des positions de leadership. Le but est d’identifier les différents facteurs qui pèsent dans les luttes menées pour la formation, l’acquisition ou la manipulation des biens matériels et symboliques favorables à la conquête de positions sociales élevées, notamment pour devenir le porte-parole de causes considérées comme légitimes. Issues de d’entretiens, de livres ou de recueils d’hommage, les informations obtenues ont été regroupées dans des bases de données et des tableaux synoptiques pour analyser les profils et les actions des agents multinotabilisés de l’État.
L’héritage difficile de l’antimafia : une approche sémiotique du musée No Mafia Memorial de Palerme
Authors: Tassinari Carlo Andrea
Published: December 2023

L’organisation criminelle Cosa Nostra existe dans notre société par les signes qu’elle laisse dans la mémoire médiatique, dans le discours politique, dans le militantisme antimafia. Lesquels de ces signes choisissons-nous de raconter en les pensant et en les recodant comme un héritage à transmettre ? Comment les musées sur la mafia deviennent-ils porteurs de ce projet ? En choisissant d’hériter de qui, de quelle mémoire, pourquoi ? Et comment se situent-ils dans l’espace urbain et social, se différenciant de la ville et des autres acteurs de mémoire ? Cet article explore ces questions d’un point de vue sémiotique, se focalisant sur la patrimonialisation de la mémoire de la lutte contre la mafia dans la ville de Palerme à partir de l’ouverture récente du musée No Mafia Memorial.
L'adaptation de la migration marchande en péninsule Ibérique au xviie siècle : entre résistance, fidélité et stratégie au défi de la frontière
Authors: Meunier Aurian
Published: December 2023

Tandis que la guerre entre les monarchies française et hispanique fait rage dans le deuxième tiers du xviie siècle, les interdictions de commercer décrétées par la monarchie ibérique affaiblissent le commerce transfrontalier, sans l’entraver. Les marchands migrants originaires du Massif central étaient les principaux marchands, colporteurs ou agents circulant à travers les Pyrénées dans la première moitié du xviie siècle, mais de nouveaux acteurs marchands ou intermédiaires apparaissent et participent à faire circuler des marchandises entre les deux couronnes, légalement ou illégalement. L’objectif de cet article est de voir de quelles manières les acteurs du commerce transpyrénéen arrivent, par les opportunités qui leurs sont offertes et les stratégies de contournement de la frontière qu’ils adoptent, à faire circuler des marchandises de part et d’autre de la frontière.
Manœuvrer au milieu des multiples tournants des STS
Authors: Paulos Julio , Riom Loïc
Published: December 2023

Ce texte se propose de revenir de manière spéculative sur l’écriture d’un appel à communication pour une conférence internationale. Depuis les coulisses, il vise à réfléchir à cet exercice singulier qui consiste à s’adresser à une communauté de collègues autour d’une discipline et/ou d’une thématique particulière. La question des fragilités matérielles – à laquelle cet appel était consacré – y est envisagée de ce point de vue, c’est-à-dire non pas de façon conceptuelle ou méthodologique, mais à partir d’une expérience pratique de la recherche. Sous la forme d’un échange épistolaire, le texte rend compte de la façon dont un « tournant » ou un moment disciplinaire engage, fait faire et oriente des manières de mener et de penser des recherches.
Reading from the Guts: of Text and Disgust
Authors: Dunkel Solveig
Published: December 2023

The founder of the Saturday Review of Literature, Henry Seidel Canby, had strong opinions about William Faulkner’s novels, to say the least. Sanctuary, especially, ignited his ire. In a scathing essay entitled “The School of Cruelty,” published in March 1931, Canby deplored what he perceived as the terrible situation of Southern writers, declaring Faulkner the figurehead of a so-called “American sadism.” “So it will be with this new sadism,” Canby wrote, “the novel cruelty by which the American scene with all its infinite shadings is made into something gross, sordid, or, as here, depraved with an ironic depravity in which the trivial by a kind of perversion becomes more horrible than professional evil.” Faulkner is expectedly not the only example of literature deemed “disgusting:” according to Chuck Palahniuk himself, seventy-three people have fainted during public readings of this short story “Guts.” Despite the writer’s obvious delight in describing in vivid detail the fainting spells he witnessed, this specific number is difficult to corroborate. However, numerous readers’ reviews on the popular website Goodreads.com indicate that Palahniuk’s assertions were not unfounded. One reviewer wrote: “I need to talk to someone about this book. I’m trying to digest it. I don’t know if it’s vile trash or provocative writing. It made me feel very strong emotions, which is usually a hallmark of good writing in my opinion, but the emotions were so, so unpleasant […]. I don’t know if my heart or stomach can handle the rest of the book. Is it worth it?” A good question indeed. How can a text, which relies on words on a page and not images, provoke such violent reactions? And finally, can a text be “digested”? Can there be any “pleasure of the text,” to use Roland Barthes’ expression, in the description of something “so, so unpleasant”? This paper is interested in the literary and aesthetic mechanisms enabling a profoundly somatic reading of fiction, especially in the violent experience of disgust, Faulkner’s Sanctuary, Samuel R. Delany’s Hogg and Chuck Palahniuk’s Haunted. I will try to determine the aesthetic and political role disgust plays in these works, in order to prove that the physical unpleasantness caused by the experience of disgust forces readers to confront their societal conditioning by bringing them to the limits of readability.
From Sensationalism to Sensation: Brian Evenson’s Affecting Texts
Authors: Lechevalier-Bekadar Nawelle
Published: December 2023

Brian Evenson’s work forcefully resists literary categorization, playfully mixing then deconstructing genres such as the Gothic, the western, post-apocalyptic fiction, magic realism to name but a few. Yet several short stories and novellas seem to strive towards a common fantasy: achieving sensation. This article intends to analyze the ways in which Evenson’s prose endeavors to probe the limits of literature, reassessing its power to seize the body of the reader by opening the text to a virtually physical reception.
Reading the Sensual in James Baldwin’s Giovanni’s Room
Authors: Berry Ronnel Keith , Thomas Michael
Published: December 2023

In The Fire Next Time, African American writer James Baldwin describes the sensual as, “respect[ing] and rejoice[ing] in the force of life, of life itself, and to be present in all that one does, from the effort of loving to the breaking of bread” (1998c 311). Baldwinian sensuality is divorced from its hedonistic interpretation, instead expressing a form of knowledge and a practice of living in openness to each other and the complexity of our humanity. In his essays and novels, Baldwin works at the intersection of his readers’ “sense of reality,” or lived experience of the world, and “system of reality,” the sociological structure in which they are positioned. In this article, we read Giovanni’s Room (1956) as a site for identifying Baldwin’s techniques for evoking the sensual and experimenting with its effects on individuals and the postwar system(s) of reality. These techniques connect Baldwin’s literary persona and its transformations with the form and content of his essays, providing a framework for analyzing the tension between heteronormative love and queer desire experienced by David in the novel. Using this analysis, we articulate a Baldwinian theory of the sensual as a site for interventions against the racism and homophobia generated by our 21st-century system of reality and as a source of techniques for altering our sense of reality to make systemic transformations possible.
Queering Gay Tourism as Activism: Guy Hocquenghem’s Political Journey in the United States
Authors: Muzart Thomas
Published: December 2023

Consistent with Guy Hocquenghem’s reluctance in Le désir homosexuel (1972) to identify fully as a homosexual while being one, his travel guide entitled Le gay voyage (1980) uses the trend of gay tourism while denouncing its contributions to capitalism and normativity. Focusing on the entries dedicated to New York, San Francisco, and Los Angeles, this article shows how the guide politicizes the ways in which homosexuals in the United States have been inventing new ways of life, which, in the words of Jack Halberstam, elaborate queer understandings of time and space that can inspire the aftermath of the sexual revolution while resisting homonormativity.
“Squeezing Case(s)” with Melville: A Haptic Reading of “The Whiteness of the Whale”
Authors: Marsoin Édouard
Published: December 2023

This essay performs a haptic reading of “The Whiteness of the Whale” chapter in Melville’s Moby-Dick. Following Ishmael’s way of “squeezing cases” and touching upon epistemological issues, it explores how Melville’s fiction dramatizes the affective, epistemological, and literary capabilities of touch. Discussing previous work on hapticality in Melville and building upon recent developments regarding the role of the senses in close reading, it starts by delineating the synesthetic tendencies of Melville’s fiction, in which seeing and touching, the impalpable and the palpable, are intermingled in the quest of a “visible truth.” It then examines how, in “The Whiteness of the Whale,” the visual becomes palpable. Indeed, through a singular, underlying focus on textures, Ishmael’s discourse on whiteness performs a simultaneous, equally valid though contradictory alternative to what it says, and a haptic reading of it enables us to squeeze a sense of touch out of this intensely visual chapter. It also highlights the problematic racial implications of a category that erases differences and promotes a semblance of pure, abstract whiteness. Reading the chapter’s famous final paragraph as a painting enables us to recover the haptic phenomenological quality of colors through their textures, which unsettles traditional readings that equate whiteness with terrifying emptiness. A true epistemology of touch in Melville is therefore to be found in the reconfiguration of seeing as touching—what I call a process of becoming-synesthetic, which is revelatory of what literature can feel like—rather than in a mere reversal of the hierarchy between the two senses. Ultimately, this essay highlights the importance of synesthesia in the singular dynamics of literary discourse and its impact on our ways of reading.
Family Processes, Entrepreneurial Resilience, and Socio-Economic Crisis
Authors: Abe Isaac Idowu , Chidi Eke Idi
Published: December 2023

Resilience in entrepreneurship has been shown to mean more than the capacity of individuals to cope well under adversity. It is also the ability of the business to effectively navigate psychologically, socially, culturally, and physically, and turn hostile and uncertain situations into long-term opportunities. The aim of this chapter is to consider the possibilities of turning socio-economic adversity into opportunities through the functionality of family processes and entrepreneurial resilience. The chapter will examine the case of a successful entrepreneurial company that faced adversity during the pandemic and how the company turned adversity into opportunity. The strategies of the company are further analyzed from the lens of different theories that support her actions. Leadership flexibility in approach, techniques, and strategies emerged as a dominant factor for problem-solving in coping with family business during adverse socio-economic conditions. Stress and vulnerability in high-risk situations will foster growth and empower entrepreneurship in crisis.
The State of Educator Skills and the Teaching Curricula During and Post COVID-19 in South Africa's Higher Education Sector
Authors: Myeni Sifiso
Published: December 2023

This chapter will first discuss the Kurt Lewin change management model to provide some of the change to management processes that the education sector, as well as individuals within this sector, had to experience during this period. Covid-19 experiences in the global arena will be looked at and various practices drawn from dynamic and versatile countries around the globe. Further, the effect of Covid-19 on Africa's education system will be discussed with specific reference to the case study of Ethiopia. The South African higher education context, the state of skills and resource provision will also be discussed and lastly, the envisioned future of South Africa.
Overcoming Barriers to Digital Higher Education in the Global South
Authors: Farooq Rayees , Dash Debasis
Published: December 2023

This story narrates the challenges faced by two young women, Amina from Nigeria and Maria from Peru, in accessing digital higher education in the Global South. Despite limited technological infrastructure, lack of digital competence, language barriers, and socio-economic constraints, they overcame these challenges with determination, perseverance, and community support. This story highlights the importance of investing in digital higher education to create opportunities for millions of young people in the Global South.
Management Practices on Execution Effectiveness of Strategies Based on Thirukkural
Authors: Moharkonda Priyadarshini Srinivasan , Rithani  , Shakshitha S.
Published: December 2023

Thirukkural by Thiruvalluvar contains couplets that speak about the morale necessary for an individual based on the roles played in various circumstances of life. These are applied to various fields including management even today. In this chapter, the authors conduct a narrative analysis on two major aspects of management skills to be inculcated in managers for successful progression of the organization. Execution is one such important aspect of management which plays a significant role in constructing effective doable strategies and executing the strategies without delay after proper analysis, thus sustaining the motivation level of the team and progress.
The Future of Devices in Digital Businesses and Improving Productivity
Authors: Parviznejad Paria Samadi
Published: December 2023

Connected devices are physical objects that can communicate with each other and other systems through the internet. They include everything from traditional computing hardware, such as a laptop or desktop, to common mobile devices, such as a smartphone or tablet, to a wide variety of physical devices and objects. The internet of things describes a network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. Internet of things-connected devices create a world where data is exchanged between physical objects such as sensors, on-device software, and adjacent technologies with other systems and devices. The essential enabling technology is the communication between internet of things “things” that enables these exchanges.
The Impact of IoT on Intelligent Businesses
Authors: Motevalli Hesamoddin
Published: December 2023

IoT is about improving trade forms and arrangements using sensors, gadgets, doors, and stages. Utilizing the IoT by collecting all data in one put, producers can make intelligent decisions in their business and design more efficient and optimal processes. Therefore, the IoT can be useful for companies by reducing costs, increasing efficiency, progressing client involvement and fulfillment, and expanding dynamism and adaptability. As a result, by utilizing the IoT in businesses, they have lower upkeep costs and superior disappointment administration. In an inventive trade, an observing framework based on the IoT predicts issues and permits ideal time planning for exercises. By utilizing the IoT, companies can robotize forms and decrease labor costs. It also moves forward benefit conveyance and gives transparency in exchanges to the client. In this respect, this chapter bargains with the essential definition of the IoT, the sorts of IoT gadgets, how to utilize them in businesses, the reason for clever companies, and when it is considered intelligent.
Identification of Critical Success Factors in the Implementation of Smart and Sustainable Business
Authors: Rahmaty Maryam
Published: December 2023

Smart business is the advances and applications that are utilized to gather, coordinate, analyze, and show commerce within the organization. The smart business may be profound and comprehensive information of components such as customers, competitors, financial environment, operations, and organizational processes, which influence the quality of administration choices within the organization. Smart management enables all of an organization's senior managers to make informed decisions about everything from research and development, marketing, and investment tactics to long-term strategies. Therefore, the success of smart businesses in the new era of success depends on various parameters that should be paid special attention to. For this reason, the most important key indicators of success in smart organizations have been evaluated in this research. In order to analyze the results, a fuzzy decision-making method has been used. The results show that adequate budget and infrastructure growth is the most important critical success factor in developing smart businesses.
Viability of Man and Machine as Co-Workers in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Yadav Meenakshi , Kumar Dinesh
Published: December 2023

This study examines the feasibility of fostering symbiotic relationships between humans and machines in the hotel industry and explores effective strategies for managing their collaboration to maximize benefits. The chapter follows a rigorous methodology, conducting a systematic literature review using scientific databases, analyzing published and unpublished articles and data from various organizations. Key focus areas include the “hospitality industry,” “man and machine,” and “machine as co-workers.” Findings demonstrate that strategic management and implementation of human-machine relationships can enhance organizational performance and yield substantial benefits. Addressing inherent challenges and intricacies is vital for a favorable outcome. The study presents a theoretical framework elucidating the impact of human-machine interaction on organizational outcomes.
Mitigating Risks in the Cloud-Based Metaverse Access Control Strategies and Techniques
Authors: Upadhyay Utsav , Kumar Alok , Sharma Gajanand , Saini Ashok Kumar , Arya Varsha , Gaurav Akshat , Chui Kwok Tai
Published: December 2023

The advent of the metaverse has revolutionized virtual interactions and navigation, introducing intricate access control challenges. This paper addresses the need for effective access control models in the cloud-based metaverse. It explores its distinct characteristics, including its dynamic nature, diverse user base, and shared spaces, highlighting privacy concerns and legal implications. The paper analyzes access control principles specific to the cloud-based metaverse, emphasizing least privilege, separation of duties, RBAC, defense-in-depth, and auditability/accountability. It delves into identity verification and authorization methods, such as biometrics, multi-factor authentication, and role-based/attribute-based authorization. Advanced access control technologies for the cloud-based metaverse are examined, including SSO solutions, blockchain-based access control, ABAC, adaptive access control, and VMI for isolation. Risk mitigation strategies encompass IDS/IPS, SIEM, and user education programs.
A case of Castlemans disease presenting as left axillary tumor
Authors: Sivakumar S. , Rangarajan V. , Manikesi M. , Akeel A. , Krishnan S. G.
Published: December 2023

No abstract available
Radiological investigations in nephrolithiasis and: a narrative review
Authors: Siriwardana S. , Abeysuriya V.
Published: December 2023

Nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis are increasing in incidence and prevalence worldwide, which are significant clinical challenges in management. Radiological assessments are vital in early diagnosis and effective management to decrease morbidity and healthcare costs. This narrative review explores the role of various radiological investigations in nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis, focusing on their clinical implications and limitations. Plain X-ray of the kidney, ureter, and bladder (X-ray KUB) is a widely available, relatively inexpensive modality with limited sensitivity, mainly for smaller stones. However, it is most beneficial when assessing follow-up patients diagnosed with renal or ureteric calculi, but it is less effective in acute ureteric colic. Intravenous Urogram/Intravenous Pyelography (IVU/IVP) is an obsolete investigation and has largely been replaced by newer modalities due to numerous drawbacks. Ultrasonography (USG) is a widely available, relatively lowcost, non-invasive radiological modality without ionising radiation, considered first-line for children and pregnant patients. However, its sensitivity and specificity are traditionally lower than computed tomography and largely depend on the operator and patient factors. Computed tomography kidney, ureter, and bladder (CT-KUB) is the gold standard for diagnosing urolithiasis. It offers high sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to calculate the exact size and stone composition, but it comes with substantial radiation exposure. However, low-dose and ultralow-dose CT (LDCTKUB) protocols reduce radiation to the patient significantly, compromising image clarity. Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU) is a second-line investigation in obstructive uropathy, particularly in pregnancy and children. It provides vital anatomical and functional information without ionising radiation. Urology and radiology professionals should collaborate to identify individualised and optimal radiological investigations, considering the risks and benefits associated with each modality.
Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava and its tributaries, a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Arudchelvam J. , Pathirana A. A. , Nandasena M. , Udayakumara H. , Banagala A. S. K.
Published: December 2023

No abstract available
Epidemiology and care of surgical cancers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayarajah U.
Published: December 2023

No abstract available
Circadian disturbance induces erectile dysfunction by impairing endothelial function
Authors: Li Tao , Jiang Yi-Ting , Qi Xin-Zhu , Chen Peng , Zhang Jun-Hao , Luo Fu , Qiao Jun , Gu Jiang , Du Guang-Shi , Wang Qiang
Published: December 2023

In order to explore the impact of circadian disturbance on erectile function, we randomly divided 24 adult male rats into groups of control (light on at 8:00 a.m. and off at 8:00 p.m.), dark/dark (DD; constant dark), light/light (LL; constant light), and shift dark/light (DL; light off at 8:00 a.m. and on at 8:00 p.m.). Four weeks later, erectile function was measured and corpora cavernosa were harvested for analysis. The maximum intracavernous pressure (mICP) and mICP/mean arterial pressure (MAP) ratio in the DD, LL, and DL groups were significantly lower than that in the control group. The LL and DL groups showed significantly attenuated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), while DD, LL, and DL showed reduced neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) at both mRNA and protein levels. The production of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) was inhibited by altered light/dark cycles to varying degrees. Circadian disturbance impaired endothelial function and contributed to erectile dysfunction. For the core circadian elements, mRNA expression of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock) and brain/muscle aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (Bmal1) was elevated in the DL group, but their protein expression was not significantly changed. DD, LL, and DL increased period 1 (Per1) and Per3 levels, while LL and DL increased PER1 levels. No significant difference was found for Per2 levels, and PER2 and PER3 concentrations were not significantly changed. Moreover, LL and DL significantly increased cryptochrome-1 (CRY1) and CRY2 at both mRNA and protein levels. The altered light/dark rat model showed that circadian disturbance contributed to erectile dysfunction probably by impairing endothelial function. Meanwhile, the core circadian elements were detected in the corpora cavernosa, but these were disrupted. However, which circadian element regulates erectile function and how it works need further analysis.
Determinants of menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls in a rural area of Patna, Bihar, India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Singh Geetika , Gupta Animesh , Anand Nipendra , Kumar Randhir
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Adolescence is a transitional phase marked by the onset of menarche. Most adolescent girls have incomplete or inaccurate information about menstrual physiology and hygiene. There are several misconceptions and taboos linked with it, resulting in adverse health outcomes. However, numerous factors associated with menstrual hygiene are modifiable. If these are adequately identified and addressed, it can empower young girls to lead healthy life in a positive environment.

Aims and Objectives:

(1) To assess the knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls. (2) To determine the association of menstrual hygiene practices with sociodemographic and related factors.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in rural Patna, Bihar, in which 300 eligible adolescent school-going menstruating girls (13-17 years) were recruited from four schools. They were interviewed using a predesigned questionnaire, and relevant information on sociodemographic profiles and menorrhoeal characteristics was obtained. Median scores were calculated for the knowledge and practices domain. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors of menstrual hygiene practice.

Results:

The mean age of girls was 14 ± 1.07 years, while the mean age of menarche was 12.37 ± 0.92 years. More than half (59.3%) were found to possess good knowledge (scores 7 and above) regarding menstruation and its physiology. Half (50.3%) of the girls had good menstrual hygiene practices (scores 9 and above). Multiple logistic regression model revealed that adolescent girls studying in government schools (AOR = 0.05, CI = 0.02-0.12) and those living in nuclear families (AOR = 0.05, CI = 0.02-0.12) were likely to be significantly associated with poor menstrual hygiene practices.

Conclusion:

Menstrual hygiene is still far from satisfactory; hence, it should be a vital aspect of the school health educational curriculum. There is an imperative need to design acceptable awareness/advocacy programs for adolescent girls in the future.
Use of deep learning model for paediatric elbow radiograph binomial classification: initial experience, performance and lessons learnt
Authors: Tan Mark Bangwei , Chua Russ Yuezhi , Fan Qiao , Fortier Marielle Valerie , Chang Pearlly Peiqi
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

In this study, we aimed to compare the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning model that was trained on a dataset of normal and abnormal paediatric elbow radiographs with that of paediatric emergency department (ED) physicians on a binomial classification task.

Methods:

A total of 1,314 paediatric elbow lateral radiographs (patient mean age 8.2 years) were retrospectively retrieved and classified based on annotation as normal or abnormal (with pathology). They were then randomly partitioned to a development set (993 images); first and second tuning (validation) sets (109 and 100 images, respectively); and a test set (112 images). An artificial intelligence (AI) model was trained on the development set using the EfficientNet B1 network architecture. Its performance on the test set was compared to that of five physicians (inter-rater agreement: fair). Performance of the AI model and the physician group was tested using McNemar test.

Results:

The accuracy of the AI model on the test set was 80.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 71.8%–87.3%), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.872 (95% CI 0.831–0.947). The performance of the AI model vs. the physician group on the test set was: sensitivity 79.0% (95% CI: 68.4%–89.5%) vs. 64.9% (95% CI: 52.5%–77.3%; P = 0.088); and specificity 81.8% (95% CI: 71.6%–92.0%) vs. 87.3% (95% CI: 78.5%–96.1%; P = 0.439).

Conclusion:

The AI model showed good AUROC values and higher sensitivity, with the P-value at nominal significance when compared to the clinician group.
Sharp uniform-in-time mean-field convergence for singular periodic Riesz flows
Authors: Chodron de Courcel Antonin , Rosenzweig Matthew , Serfaty Sylvia
Published: December 2023

We consider conservative and gradient flows for

N

-particle Riesz energies with mean-field scaling on the torus

\mathbb{T}^d

, for

d\geq 1

, and with thermal noise of McKean–Vlasov type. We prove global well-posedness and relaxation to equilibrium rates for the limiting PDE. Combining these relaxation rates with the modulated free energy of Bresch et al. (2019, 2019–2020, 2020) and recent sharp functional inequalities of the last two named authors for variations of Riesz modulated energies along a transport, we prove uniform-in-time mean-field convergence in the gradient case with a rate which is sharp for the modulated energy pseudo-distance. For gradient dynamics, this completes in the periodic case the range

d-2\leq s<d

not addressed by the previous work Rosenzweig and Serfaty (2023). We also combine our relaxation estimates with the relative entropy approach of Jabin and Wang (2018) for so-called

\dot{W}^{-1,\infty}

kernels, giving a proof of uniform-in-time propagation of chaos alternative to Guillin et al. (2021).
A new proof of the Riemannian Penrose inequality
Authors: Agostiniani Virginia , Mantegazza Carlo , Mazzieri Lorenzo , Oronzio Francesca
Published: December 2023

We give an overview of our recent new proof of the Riemannian Penrose inequality in the case of a single black hole. The proof is based on a new monotonicity formula, holding along the level sets of the

p

-capacitary potential of the connected boundary of an asymptotically flat

3

-manifold, with nonnegative scalar curvature.
Trajnostni urbani razvoj: vloga in učinki sklada za urbani razvoj v Sloveniji
Authors: Vojinović Borut , Križanič France , Kolšek Vasja , Jere Žiga
Published: December 2023

Sklad za urbani razvoj je načrtovan za financiranje trajnostnih urbanih projektov v Sloveniji s finančnimi instrumenti, kot so krediti, garancije, delnice in mezzanin krediti. Namen sklada je izpolnjevati potrebe za investicije v urbani razvoj, ki ne bi bili donosni na trgu, vendar imajo pomemben razvojni potencial. Sklad lahko deluje na različne načine, vključno s kombinacijo sredstev EU. Sklad bo financiral projekte, kot so obnova območij, oskrba z vodo, ravnanje z odpadki, trajnostna mobilnost, digitalizacija, obnova kulturne dediščine itd. Financiranje bo omogočeno preko različnih virov, vključno s kapitalskim trgom, EU sredstvi ter sodelovanjem z bankami in investitorji. Učinki sklada vključujejo povečanje gospodarske dejavnosti, zaposlovanje in rast državnih prihodkov. Kljub stroškom delovanja sklada naj bi javnofinančni učinek bil pozitiven, saj bodo investicije povečale prihodke države in izboljšale finančni položaj malih in srednjih podjetij. Sklad za urbani razvoj lahko igra pomembno vlogo pri spodbujanju trajnostnega urbanega razvoja in povečanju gospodarske dejavnosti v Sloveniji.
The cultural linguistic image of the dog in Spanish lexicography
Authors: Stala Ewa
Published: December 2023

The aim of the current article is to present the history of the Spanish lexeme perro ‘dog’ in Spanish lexicography. We will begin with an overview of the discussion of the etymology of the word itself and information about its earliest attestations. Subsequently, we will trace both the presence and the content of the dictionary entries for this lexeme from the beginnings of Spanish lexicography. The final part of the article considers contemporary lexicography, and thus we will address the rich phraseology associated with the lexeme perro, which may serve as a basis for further language and culture-related research. The article contributes to the field of cultural linguistics, but due to the examined corpus, it also includes observations of a lexicographic nature.