bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kadar Phosfat dan N-Nitrogen (Amonia, Nitrat, Nitrit) pada Tambak Air Payau akibat Rembesan Lumpur Lapindo di Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Hendrawati Hendrawati , Prihadi Tri Heru , Rohmah Nuni Nurbani
Published: November 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kadar Phosfat dan N-Nitrogen (Amonia, Nitrit, Nitrat)pada tambak air payau akibat rembesan lumpur Lapindo di Sidoarjo. Penentuan lokasi dilakukanpada tambak air payau yang tercemar dan tidak tercemar lumpur panas di Sidoarjo. Lokasitambak berada pada arah utara dan selatan pusat semburan lumpur Lapindo, tepatnyadisepanjang kali Alo dan kali Porong. Pada setiap tambak, diambil 5 sampel air yaitu inlet,outlet dan 3 titik ditengah tambak. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei - Juni tahun 2007metode yang digunakan mengacu pada SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) dengan menggunakanalat Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Kadar amonia pada tambak yang tercemar lumpur kurang dari 2mg/L dan untuk tambak tidak tercemar kurang dari 3 mg/L. Kadar nitrit pada tambak yangtercemar antara 0- 27,86 mg/L dan untuk tambak tidak tercemar antara 0 – 0,22 mg/L. Kadarnitrat pada areal tambak tercemar 0 – 1,7 mg/L. Untuk tambak tidak tercemar disepanjang kaliPorong memiliki kisaran antara 0 – 0,3 mg/L. Kadar phosfat pada tambak tercemar antara 0,11-0,35 mg/L. Secara umum, kadar phosfat dan n-nitrogen pada tambak tercemar dan tidaktercemar menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak berarti. Tetapi, dibandingkan dengan PP No.82tahun 2001, kadar amonia dan nitrit masih berada diatas ambang batas.
Pemanfaatan Lempung Berpilar Untuk Pengelolaan Limbah Radioaktif
Authors: Las Thamzil , Zamroni Husen
Published: November 2018

Pemanfaatnan Lempung Berpilar Untuk Pengelolaan Limbah Radioaktif. Lempung berpilar(pillared clay) dapat digunakan tidak hanya untuk material backfill (bahan pengisi) dalam suatusistim penyimpanan limbah radioaktif, tetapi juga sangat diperlukan untuk bahan sorben dalampengolahan limbah radioaktif aktivitas rendah dan sedang. Lempung berpilar dibuat dari bahanbentonit alam yang direaksikan dengan ZrOCl2.8H2O. Identifikasi lempung berpilar diukurdengan spektrometer X-Ray Fluorescence dan kemampuan penyerapan oleh lempung berpilarterhadap radionuklida Cs-137 pada konsentrasi CsCl 0,01M, 0,05M dan 0,1 M menghasilkannilai Kd (koefisien distribusi) berturut-turut sebesar 1619 ml/g, 1133 ml/g dan 800 ml/g.Lempung berpilar mampu menyerap radionuklida Cs-137 dalam limbah aktivitas rendah. Danbila digunakan sebagai material backfill, tidak hanya mampu menahan aliran air tanah, tapi jugamampu menahan lepasnya radionuklida ke lingkungan sehingga terjamin keselamatanpenyimpanan limbah radioaktif
Pemurnian Gliserol Dari Hasil Samping Pembuatan Biodiesel Menggunakan Bahan Baku Minyak Goreng Bekas
Authors: Aziz Isalmi , Nurbayti Siti , Luthfiana Fira
Published: November 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan gliserol dari pengotornya untukmendapatkan kadar yang lebih tinggi. Pemisahan gliserol dilakukan dengan penambahan asamphospat diikuti penambahan karbón aktif untuk menarik sisa kotoran dan warna. Terakhirdigunakan rotary evaporator untuk menarik air. Gliserol yang digunakan dalam penelitian iniberasal dari hasil samping pembuatan biodiesel. Minyak goreng bekas dan katalis KOHdigunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk pembuatan biodiesel. Hasilnya menunjukkan kadartertinggi gliserol sebesar 76,43 % dihasilkan pada kondisi : pH 6; karbón aktif 5 % dan waktuadsorbsi 24 jam.
Antioxidant Activity From Water Extract Of Kecombrang Flower (Etlingera elatior) Leading To Jelly Candy Formulation
Authors: Sukandar Dede , Radiastuti Nani , Muawanah Anna , Hudaya Adeng
Published: November 2018

A research on antioxidant activity of kecombrang flower ( Etlingera Elatior) water extract leading tojelly candy formulation was conducted. This experiment aims to elucidate the potential usage ofkecombrang flower as a functional food ingredient. Antioxidant activity of the kecombrang flowerwater extract was determined using Diphenyl Picryl Hidrazyl ( DPPH) method. In order to elucidatethe responsible compound for antioxidant activity, GCMS analysis was undertaken. Water extract ofkecombrang flower have antioxidant activity ( IC50=61,6497 ppm) and based on GCMS analysis itcontained 1-dodekanol ( tR=11,60, area=11,73, similarity at 95 %), 3-metil-1-oxo-2-buten 1-(21,41,51-trihidroxyl phenil) ( tR=13,02, area=3,17, similarity at 57 %) and 1-tetradecene ( tR= 13,26,area=6,03, similarity at 98 %). Formulation of jelly candy using kecombrang flower was designedand based on organoleptic test, C formula ( pink, sample code 763) was the optimum jelly pepermintformula with average score of 3,52.
Determination Of Formaldehyde In Tofu From Ciputat Traditional Market With Colorimetry Method
Authors: Zilhadia Zilhadia , Susanti Sanny
Published: November 2018

Tofu, a food product made from soybean, contain water and it is very easy to overgrown microbes.Based on a survey, many products of tofu contain formaldehyde as preservative. Formaldehyde is apreservative that the use is prohibited for food because it can cause cancer in humans. The aim of thisstudy was determined concentration of formaldehyde in tofu from traditional market Ciputat usingSpectrophotometer UVI-VIS. Steam distillation was used for sample extraction process. Distillate wasreacted with Nash reagent. The equation of calibration curve is y=0,0032x – 0,0079 and correlationcoefficient of the linear regression of 0,9992. The experimental results obtained LOD value of11.1328 μg/ml, LOQ value of 37,1094 μg/mL The precision of this analytical method were lower than2% for each of the sample, while method’s accuration for tofu was 98,69% ± 0,4085%. Results ofsample analysis from Ciputat market, samples were detected containing formaldehyde. Formaldehydeconcentrations are 104,87 μg/mL, 11,21 μg/mL, 1,96 μg/mL, 190,80 μg/mL, 201,98 μg/mL, 10,47μg/mL, and 3,31 μg/mL.
Synthesis, Spectral, Anticancer Studies on Cu (II) Complex of 2,4,5-Triphenyl-1H-Imidazole
Authors: Martak Fahimah , Candrawati Iin , Widyasari Ayu
Published: November 2018

Schiff bases of 2,4,5-triphenyl-1H­-imidazole ligand and Cu(II) complex has been synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analyses, molar conductance, thermal analysis (TGA), magnetic moment measurement, IR and UV-Vis. On the basis spectral studied and analytical data, it is evident that the Schiff base acts as monodentat ligand coordinating via nitrogen atom. The result showed that Cu(II) complex has octrahedral geometry. The studied complex was tested for anticancer activity. The anticancer activity of Cu(II) complex is evaluated against liver Carninoma (HEPG2)  cell lines. These compound exhibites a moderate and weak activity against HCT 116 cell line with IC50 19.8 mM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.3328
Kajian Kinerja Organoclay Bentonit Terinterkalasi Poli-DADMAC sebagai Flokulasn Limbah Cair Tahu
Authors: Rohmah Nurhayati , Nugraha Irwan
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Telah dilakukan kajian kinerja organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi polyi-DADMAC  sebagai flokulan limbah cair tahu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektifitas organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi poly-DADMAC sebagai flokulan limbah cair tahu. Organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi poly-DADMAC  disintesis dengan mereaksikan 10 g bentonit dengan 100 mL poly-DADMAC 4%.  Pergeseran yang terjadi pada spektra hasil analisis XRD dan FTIR menunjukan keberhasilan proses interkalasi bentonit dengan poly-DADMAC. Koagulasi flokulasi dilakukan dengan metode jar test pada kecepatan pengadukan cepat 120 rpm selama 1 menit dan pengadukan lambat 20 rpm. Kajian kinerja flokulan organoclay meliputi variasi jenis flokulan, massa flokulan, lama waktu kontak flokulasi dan variasi jenis pengenceran. Nilai efektifitas penurunan COD maksimum pada   35.7 %  terjadi pada penambahan jenis flokulan organoclay dengan massa 0.05 g dan waktu kontak flokulasi 40 menit. Proses koagulasi-flokulasi limbah cair tahu menggunakan flokulan organoclay mampu menghasilkan penurunan nilai COD limbah dari 1145.76 mg/L menjadi 833.28 mg/L. Akan tetapi., koagulasi-flokulasi limbah cair tahu pada penelitian ini tidak menurunkan pH limbah secara ekstrim, rentang penurunan pH adalah dari 3.836 menjadi 3.448.   Kata kunci : Flokulan, organoclay, bentonit-polyDADMAC, limbah cair tahu Abstract Studies of Bentonite intercalated organoclay performance polyi-DADMAC as flocculants wastewater of tahu has been done. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Bentonite intercalated organoclay poly-DADMAC as flocculants wastewater of Tahu. Bentonite intercalated organoclay poly-DADMAC are synthesized by reacting 10 g of bentonite with 100 mL of poly-DADMAC 4%. The shift in spectral analysis of XRD and FTIR results showed the success of the process of intercalation of bentonite with poly-DADMAC. Coagulation-flocculation using Jar test with the rapid stirring speed of 120 rpm for 1 minute and 20 rpm slow stirring. Organoclay flocculant performance review includes a variation type of flocculant, flocculant mass, contact time flocculation and variations in the type of dilution. Rated maximum effectiveness of COD reduction occurs at 35.7% in the type of flocculant addition of organoclay with a mass of 0.05 g and a contact time of 40 minutes flocculation. Coagulation-flocculation process of wastewater of Tahu  using flocculants organoclay decrease COD from 1145.76 mg / L to 833.28 mg / L. However, coagulation-flocculation of wastewater of Tahu did not lower the pH of the waste significantly, decreasing pH occurs from 3.836 to 3.448.Keywords: Flocculant, organoclay, bentonite-polyDADMAC, wastewater of TahuDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.4322
Penghambatan Enzim Pemecah Protein (Enzim Papain) Oleh Ekstrak Rokok, Minuman Beralkohol Dan Kopi Secara In Vitro
Authors: Sumarlin La Ode , Nurbayti Siti , Fauziah Syifa
Published: November 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh ekstrak rokok, kopi dan minuman beralkohol terhadap aktivitas enzim papain.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak rokok, kopi dan minuman beralkohol terhadap aktivitas enzim pencernaan terutama enzim protease dimana papain digunakan sebagai model.  Enzim papain menghidrolisis substrat dihambat dengan mencegah interaksi antara gugus –SH dari Sis25 dengan atom N imidazol dari His159 dari papain untuk membuat sisi aktif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak rokok, ekstrak kopi dan minuman beralkohol masing-masing menunjukkan penghambatan terhadap aktivitas enzim papain sebesar 27,3%, 35%, dan 22,3%. Kata Kunci: Rokok, kopi, alkohol, inhibitor, papain
Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Nurcholis Waras , Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo , Purwakusumah Edy Djauhari , Katayama Takeshi , Suzuki Toshisada
Published: November 2018

The crude ethanol extracts of four Indonesian medicinal plants namely Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.,Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata Ness., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. wereexamined for their antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The total phenoliccontent was used the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activityranged from 14.5 to 178.5 μg/ml, with P. niruri having the lowest value and therefore the mostpotent, and C. aeruginosa having the highest value. LC50 values for BSLT ranged from 210.3 to593.2 μg/ml, with C. xanthorrhiza and A. paniculata having the lowest and highest values,respectively. The total phenolic content of the Indonesian plants ranged from 133.0 ±3.7 to863.3±54.7 mg tannic acid equivalent per 1 g extract, with C. aeruginosa and P. niruri having thelowest and highest values, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavengingactivity and the content of phenolic compounds was found in the four of Indonesian medicinal plants.
Adsorpsi Pb2+ dan Zn2+ pada Biomassa Imperata cylindrica
Authors: Komari Noer , Utami Umi Baroroh Lili , Malinda Noor
Published: November 2018

Metode alternatif untuk mengatasi pencemaran logam berat adalah biosorpsi menggunakan biomassa sebagai adsorben. Telah dilakukan penelitian kajian adsorpsi campuran Pb2+ dan Zn2+ pada biomassa Imperata cylindrica sebagai adsorben. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui kemampuan biomassa mengadsorpsi Pb2+ dan Zn2+. Preparasi biomassa dilakukan dengan aktivasi menggunakan asam nitrat dan amonium hidroksida. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan sistem batch. Parameter yang diukur adalah pH optimum, waktu kontak optimum, kapasitas adsorpsi dan recovery ion logam. Analisis kadar logam dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pH optimum adsorpsi Pb2+ dan Zn2+ masing-masing pada pH 5 dan pH 6. Waktu kontak optimum adsorpsi Pb2+ dan Zn2+ masing masing pada 40 menit dan 30 pertama. Kapasitas adsorpsi Pb2+ dan Zn2+ pada konsentrasi awal 10 ppm masing-masing adalah 90,95% dan 43,60%. Recovery Pb2+ dan Zn2+ masing-masing 84,45% dan 57,13%.
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Batik menggunakan Fotokatalis TiO2-Dopan-N dengan Bantuan Sinar Matahari
Authors: Riyani Kapti , Setyaningtyas Tien , Dwiasih Dian Windy
Published: November 2018

Studi penggunaan fotokatalis TiO2-dopan-N untuk pengolahan limbah cair batik telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi nilai BOD dan COD pada limbah cair batik menggunakan sinar matahari sebagai sumber energi. Sebagai sumber nitrogen untuk pembuatan fotokatalis TiO2-dopan-N adalah urea. Limbah cair batik berasal dari salah satu industri batik di Sokaraja, Banyumas, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pembuatan fotokatalis TiO2-N, dengan perbandingan molar TiO2:urea adalah 95:5 dan 90:10. Selanjutnya TiO2 standar; TiO2–dopan-N (95:5); dan N-dopan TiO2 (90:10) dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan DRS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan puncak kristal TiO2 anatase standar, TiO2-dopan-N (95:5) dan TiO2-dopan-N (90:10) berturut-turut pada 2θ = 25,5794°, 2θ = 25,5398° dan 2θ = 25,7286°. Energi celah pita TiO2 anatase standar, TiO2-dopan-N (95:5), dan TiO2-dopan-N (90:10) berturut-turut adalah 3,342 eV, 3,337 eV dan 3,268 eV. Uji aktivitas fotokatalis dilakukan menggunakan sinar matahari sebagai sumber energinya dengan lama penyinaran 5 jam. Penambahan Urea pada fotokatalis TiO2 akan meningkatkan aktivitas fotokatalis, perbandingan molar TiO2 : Urea optimum pada perbandingan 90:10, dengan persen penurunan BOD dan COD berturut-turut sebesar 48,4 % dan 72,73 %.
Penggunaan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami Dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah
Authors: Hendrawati Hendrawati , Syamsumarsih Delsy , Nurhasni Nurhasni
Published: November 2018

AbstrakPenggunaan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah telah dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan serbuk biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir sebagai biokoagulan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air dan pengaruhnya terhadap parameter kualitas air, yang meliputi: temperatur, pH, konduktivitas, kekeruhan, oksigen terlarut, kandungan logam berat, dan total koliform. Hasil jar test diperoleh dosis optimum 0,009% (penurunan turbiditas 99,72%) untuk biji asam jawa dan 0,03% (penurunan turbiditas  92,03%) untuk ekstrak biji kecipir. Nilai pH optimum diperoleh pada pH 3 untuk kedua jenis biokoagulan. Penggunaan ekstrak biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir dan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap parameter temperatur, pH, konduktivitas,dan logam berat. Penggunaan ekstrak biji kecipir dan biji asam jawa tidak menurunkan angka BOD. Ekstrak biji asam jawa mampu menurunkan angka total koliform sedangkan ekstrak biji kecipir tidak efektif dalam  menurunkan angka total koliform. Kata Kunci: Koagulasi, Asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L.), Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.), Jar test, Air tanah, MPN.Abstrack The Use of Tamarind Seeds (Tamarindus indica L.) and Winged Bean Seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) As Natural Coagulant in Groundwater Quality Improvementhas been done. The aims of this study is to determine the ability of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds as biocoagulant to improve water quality and its effect on water quality parameters, which include: temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, heavy metal content, and total coliform. Jar test results obtained optimum dose of 0.009% (99.72% reduction in turbidity) to tamarind seeds and 0.03% (92.03% reduction in turbidity) to winged bean seeds. The optimum pH obtained at pH 3 for both types of biocoagulant. The use of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds does not have much influence on the parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, and heavy metals. They also did not reduce the number of BOD. Tamarind seeds reduce the number of  total coliform while winged bean seeds are not effective in reducing the number of total coliform. Keywords: Coagulation, Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.), Jar test, Groundwater, MPN.
Isolasi Kitin dari Cangkang Kepiting Laut (Portunus pelagicus Linn.) serta Pemanfaatannya untuk Adsorpsi Fe dengan Pengompleks 1,10-fenantrolin
Authors: Murniati Dewi , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Telah dilakukan isolasi kitin dari cangkang kepiting laut (Portunus pelagicus Linn.) yang digunakan sebagai fasa padat dalam Adsorpsi kompleks tris(1,10-fenantrolin)besi(II). Optimasi berat kitin dan penentuan eluen yang sesuai telah dipelajari dalam penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan recovery kompleks yang optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spektra Inframerah dari kitin hasil isolasi memberikan bilangan gelombang yang hampir sama dengan kitin standar. Penentuan kadar abu, kadar nitrogen dan kadar karbon serta derajat deasetilasi dari hasil analisis kitin hasil isolasi memberikan hasil yang memenuhi syarat kitin standar. Berat kitin optimum untuk adsorpsi kompleks [Fe(phen)3]2+ 0,4 ppm adalah 0,2 g yang memberikan % recovery sekitar 55,56% dan eluen yang sesuai adalah campuran etanol : HCl (6 : 4, v/v). Kata Kunci: Isolasi kitin, Adsorpsi, Besi, 1,10-fenantrolin dan Eluen. Abstrack The isolated crab shell chitin from the sea crab (Portunus pelagicus Linn.) for solid-phase extraction  [Fe(1,10-phenantroline)3]2+complex based. The weight optimized of chitin and searched of eluent were compatible. The result showed that infrared spectra of the isolated chitin has similar characteristic absorption with that of the standard chitin. The measurement of ash contents, nitrogen contents, and carbon contents and de-acetylated degrees from analysis result of the isolated chitin up to the standard chitin. The weight optimized of chitin used for solid-phase extraction of 0.4 ppm trace(1.10-phenanthroline)iron(II) complex are 0.2 g with % recovery 55,56% and the eluent compatible are the mixed ethanol: HCl (6:4, v/v).   Keywords: Chitin isolation, Adsorption, Iron, 1,10-phenantroline and Eluent.
Solubility Enhancement of Ethyl AcetateFraction of The Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg Leaves with Addition of β-Cyclodextrin-HPMC by Using Kneading Method
Authors: Sabrina Sabrina , Anggraeni Yuni , Puspitasaril Berti , Kardono LBS
Published: November 2018

Abstract Ethyl acetate fraction of the Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg extract have a potency to treat the cardiovascular diseases have poorly solubility in water. The purpose of this study was to improve the solubility of the extract. One of method to improve the solubility of the extract by mixing with cyclodextrin polymers and their derivatives. Hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a water-soluble polymer can enhance the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) activity. Three comparisons extract and ß-cyclodextrin were: 1:2, 1:4, and 1:6 by mixing with the addition hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose 0.12%of the total weight of extract and β-CD for each formula. The sample was prepared by kneading method. The sample characterization was used Karl Fischer titration, Scanning Electron Microscopy and solubility study.Content of total flavonoid from the extract was 32.7%. The Result showed that the addition polymer combination of β-CD + HPMC caused increasing the solubility of extract in water7.04% (F1), 19.47% (F2) and 59.92% (F3) compared to extract control with significant differences at level of confidence 95% (p ≤ 0.05). Keywords : ethyl acetate fraction of breadfruit, kneading method, β-cyclodextryn, hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, total flavonoid
Analisis Profil Protein dan Asam Amino Sarang Burung Walet (Collocalia fuchiphaga)Asal Painan
Authors: Elfita Lina
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Penelitian tentang profil protein sarang burung wallet masih terbatas, terutama sarang burung walet dari Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa profil protein dan asam amino sarang burung walet yang berasal dari daerah Painan, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Sumatera Barat. Analisis protein dilakukan dengan menggunakan SDS-PAGE, sedangkan analisis asam amino dilakukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT). Analisa ekstrak air sarang burung walet dengan SDS-PAGE menunjukan bahwa sarang burung walet terdiri dari 6 protein. Keenam protein tersebut mempunyai bobot molekul masing-masing 147.2 kDa, 142.6 kDa, 133.4 kDa, 73.3 kDa, 66.2 kDa dan 37.7 kDa. Dari analisa asam amino burung walet dengan KCKT didapatkan 16 asam amino yang terkandung dalam sarang burung wallet, yang terdiri dari 7 jenis asam amino esensial yaitu Histidin (2.31%), Leusin (3.84%), Treonin (3.82%), Valin (3.93%), Metionin (0.48%), Isoleusin (1.80%), Fenilalanine (4.49%)  dan 9 asam amino non esensial yaitu Asam Serin (4.56%), Aspartat (4.48%), Arginin (3.93%), Lisin (2.34 %), Prolin (3.64%),  Asam glutamate (3.65%), Glisin (1.87%), Alanin (1.31%), Tirosin (3.92%). Serin merupakan asam amino dengan kadar tertinggi (4.56%), diikuti dengan Fenil alanine (4.49%) dan Asam aspartate (4.48%). Kandungan asam amino ini sedikit berbeda dengan kandungan asam amino sarang burung walet dari daerah dan negara lain. Kata kunci: sarang burung walet, protein, asam amino Abstract Study on protein profile of bird nest is still limited particularly protein profile of bird nest from Indonesia has not been reported. Therefore, this study was aimed to analyze protein profile and amino acid composition of bird nest from Painan, Pesisir Selatan Distric, West Sumatra. Protein analysis was performed by SDS-PAGE, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for amino acid analysis. SDS-PAGE analysis showed  six bands, which molecular weigh of 147.2 kDa, 142.6 kDa, 133.4 kDa, 73.3 kDa, 66.2 kDa and 37.7 kDa, respectively. On the other hand, HPLC analysis demonstrated that bird nest was composed of 16 amino acids. Seven of them were essential amino acids; histidine (2.31%), leucine (3.84%), threonine (3.82%),  valine (3.93%), methionine (0.48%), isoleucine (1.80%), phenylalanine (4.49%), and nine of them were non-essential amino acids; serine (4.56%), aspartic acid (4.48%), arginine (3.93%), lysine (2.34%), proline (3.64%), glutamic acid (3.65%), glycine (1.87%), alanine (1.31%), tyrosine (3.92%). Serine was the highest percentage of amino acid in the bird nest (4.56%), followed by phenylalanine (4.49%) and aspartic acid (4.48%). Composition of amino acid in this bird nest was slightly different with composition of amino acid in bird nest from other area. Keywords : bird nest, protein profile, amino acids
Pediatric Inpatient-Status Volume and Cost at Children’s and Nonchildren’s Hospitals in the United States: 2000–2009
Authors: Short Heather L. , Sarda Samir , Travers Curtis , Hockenberry Jason , McCarthy Ian , Raval Mehul V.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES:

The evolving role of children’s hospitals (CHs) in the setting of rising health care costs has not been fully explored. We compared pediatric inpatient discharge volumes and costs by hospital type and examined the impact of care complexity and hospital-level factors on costs.

METHODS:

A retrospective, cross-sectional study of care between 2000 and 2009 was performed by using the Kids’ Inpatient Database. Weighted discharge data were used to generate national estimates for a comparison of inpatient volume, cost, and complexity at CHs and nonchildren’s hospitals (NCHs). Linear regression was used to assess how complexity, payer mix, and hospital-level characteristics affected inflation-adjusted costs.

RESULTS:

Between 2000 and 2009, the number of discharges per 1000 children increased from 6.3 to 7.7 at CHs and dropped from 55.4 to 53.3 at NCHs. The proportion of discharges at CHs grew by 6.8% between 2006 and 2009 alone. In 2009, CHs were responsible for 12.6% (95% confidence interval: 10.4%–14.9%) of pediatric discharges and 14.7% of major therapeutic procedures, yet they accounted for 23.0% of inpatient costs. Costs per discharge were significantly higher at CHs than at NCHs for all years (P < .001); however, the increase in costs seen over time was not significant. Care complexity increased during the study period at both CHs and NCH, but it could not be used to fully account for the difference in costs.

CONCLUSIONS:

National trends reveal a small rise in both the proportion of inpatient discharges and the hospital costs at CHs, with costs being significantly higher at CHs than at NCHs. Research into factors influencing costs and the role of CHs is needed to inform policy and contain costs.
Development and Evaluation of High-Value Pediatrics: A High-Value Care Pediatric Resident Curriculum
Authors: Dewan Maya , Herrmann Lisa E. , Tchou Michael J. , Parsons Allison , Muthu Naveen , Tenney-Soeiro Rebecca , Fieldston Evan , Lindell Robert B. , Dziorny Adam , Gosdin Craig , Bamat Tara W.
Published: November 2018

Low-value health care is pervasive in the United States, and clinicians need to be trained to be stewards of health care resources. Despite a mandate by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to educate trainee physicians on cost awareness, only 10% of pediatric residency programs have a high-value care (HVC) curriculum. To meet this need, we set out to develop and evaluate the impact of High-Value Pediatrics, an open-access HVC curriculum. High-Value Pediatrics is a 3-part curriculum that includes 4 standardized didactics, monthly interactive morning reports, and an embedded HVC improvement project. Curriculum evaluation through an anonymous, voluntary survey revealed an improvement in the self-reported knowledge of health care costs, charges, reimbursement, and value (P < .05). Qualitative results revealed self-reported behavior changes, and HVC improvement projects resulted in higher-value patient care. The implementation of High-Value Pediatrics is feasible and reveals improved knowledge and attitudes about HVC. HVC improvement projects augmented curricular knowledge gains and revealed behavior changes. It is imperative that formal high-value education be taught to every pediatric trainee to lead the culture change that is necessary to turn the tide against low-value health care. In addition, simultaneous work on faculty education and attention to the hidden curriculum of low-value care is needed for sustained and long-term improvements.
International Perspectives: Hypothermic Neuroprotection for Neonatal Encephalopathy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A New Approach to an Old Problem
Authors: Montaldo Paolo , Lally Peter J. , Oliveira Vânia , Thayyil Sudhin
Published: November 2018

Little progress has been made over the past decade in improving the outcomes of infants with neonatal encephalopathy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and millions of infants still die or sustain permanent neurodisability every year. One of the key reasons for this lack of progress is a disconnect between encephalopathy research in high-income countries and LMICs. The majority of the neonatal encephalopathy research has been conducted in high-income countries with a low disease burden, without the involvement of LMICs. Here we discuss how a collaborative approach—particularly between middle-income countries and high-income countries—enables the use of state-of-the-art magnetic resonance biomarkers and host gene expression profiling for effective disease stratification. Using the example of the Hypothermia for Encephalopathy in Low- and middle-Income countries (HELIX) trial, we describe how this approach may result in a paradigm shift in global perinatal brain research over the next decade.
MOCA-Peds: Development of a New Assessment of Medical Knowledge for Continuing Certification
Authors: Leslie Laurel K. , Olmsted Murrey G. , Turner Adam , Carraccio Carol , Dwyer Andrew , Althouse Linda
Published: November 2018

The American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) certifies that general and subspecialty pediatricians meet standards of excellence established by their peers. Certification helps demonstrate that a general pediatrician or pediatric subspecialist has successfully completed accredited training and fulfills continuous certification requirements (Maintenance of Certification [MOC]). One current component of the MOC program is a closed-book examination administered at a secure testing center (ie, the MOC Part 3 examination). In this article, we describe the development of an alternative to this examination termed the "Maintenance of Certification Assessment for Pediatrics" (MOCA-Peds) during 2015–2016. MOCA-Peds was conceptualized as an online, summative (ie, pass/fail), continuous assessment of a pediatrician’s knowledge that would also promote learning. The system would consist of a set number of multiple-choice questions delivered each quarter, with immediate feedback on questions, rationales clarifying correct and incorrect answers, references for further learning, and peer benchmarking. Questions would be delivered quarterly and taken at any time within the quarter in a setting with Internet connectivity and on any device. As part of the development process in 2015–2016, the ABP actively recruited pediatricians to serve as members of a yearlong user panel or single-session focus groups. Refinements to MOCA-Peds were made on the basis of their feedback. MOCA-Peds is being actively piloted with pediatricians in 2017–2018. The ABP anticipates an expected launch in January 2019 of MOCA-Peds for General Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Child Abuse, and Pediatric Infectious Diseases with launch dates for the remaining pediatric subspecialties between 2020 and 2022.
Satisfação dos usuários com um serviço de referência no cuidado do HIV
Authors: Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein , Koerich Micheline Henrique Araújo da Luz , Costa Veridiana Tavares , Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo
Published: November 2018

Objetivos: caracterizar a los usuarios con VIH que utilizan un servicio de referencia en el Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, y comparar la satisfacción entre los usuarios del ambulatorioe internación. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo transversal, realizado con 106 personas con VIH asistidas en un servicio de infectología en la ciudad de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina). La recolección de datos ocurrió de julio a diciembre de 2013 por medio de un formulario compuesto por cuestiones sociodemográficas y satisfacción. Para análisis de datos se utilizó el test chi-cuadrado y el software SPSS®.Resultados: la mayoría de los usuarios demostró satisfacción con el servicio en todos los aspectos: disponibilidad de los cuidados (80,2 %),oportunidad/libertad para dar sugerencias (94,3 %), satisfacción con las relaciones personales (94,3 %), acceso al servicio (87,7 %) y cuidado recibido (90 %). No hubo diferencia entre los grupos (ambulatorio e internación) en la comparación entre los aspectos relacionados con la satisfacción.Conclusión: la satisfacción de las personas viviendo con VIH se mostró positiva para los usuarios del servicio en ambulatorio y para los de la internación.
Aporte de la ética convergente a la enseñanza de bioética para investigación
Authors: Rodríguez Holguín Yanira Astrid
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: realizar un análisis de los modos de aplicación de la teoría de la ética convergente para razonar los conflictos bioéticos que se pueden generar en investigación.Síntesis de contenido: en este artículo de reflexión se presentan razonamientos sobre la posibilidad de enseñar bioética para la investigación a partir de la teoría formulada por el filósofo Ricardo Maliandi: la ética convergente, la cual es una propuesta a la luz de la conflictividad. Se propone enseñar a partir de los conceptos y principios derivados de esta teoría, para facilitar el logro de capacidades bioéticas en los estudiantes que realicen investigación en los diferentes niveles de formación profesional en áreas de la salud, que los anticipe para atender la tensión entre principios bioéticos y los guíe para que puedan sugerir posibles formas de atenuar o equilibrar los conflictos en el proceso investigativo. La eflexión surgió luego de una etapa previa de revisión de investigaciones acerca de las prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética y de la revisión exhaustiva de la teoría convergente, lo que permitió ver las bondades de esta en la formación bioética del estudiante, preparándolo para identificar y resolver los conflictos bioéticos en su práctica investigativa.Conclusión: la teoría de la convergencia permite lograr la reflexión, comprensión, argumentación, capacidad crítica y deliberación creativa para la toma de decisiones responsablescuando les surgen los conflictos bioéticos a los estudiantes, lo que resulta una alternativa útil en la praxis de la bioética.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Pupuk Majemuk Sintesis NPK 15-15-15 dengan Pupuk Hayati Trichoderma sp. untuk Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascolanicum)
Authors: Fatchullah Deden , Masnenah Endeh , Rahman Ramdani Abdul
Published: November 2018

Pupuk NPK mempunyai peranan penting untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman serta hasil umbi bawang merah. Salah satu cara memperbaiki hasil dan kualitas umbi bawang merah, yaitu dengan aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dan pupuk hayati Trichoderma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dan pupuk hayati Trichoderma sp yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan hasil dan kualitas umbi bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan di bawah naungan plastik Balai Penelitian Tanaman sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl) dari Juli – Oktober 2012. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3x3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor I adalah dosis pupuk NPK 15-15-15 yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu: 0 kg/ha, 250 kg/ha dan 500 kg/ha. Faktor II adalah pupuk hayati yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu: Trichoderma, Trichoderma + Aspergillus dan Trichoderma+ Penicillum, masing-masing dengan dosis 1010. Parameter yang diamati meliputi; tinggi tanaman, luas daun, dan bobot kering tanaman 40 hst, analisis tanaman pada 40 hst (kandungan unsur hara N, P, dan K tanaman), hasil umbi benih saat panen (jumlah umbi anakan, bobot individu umbi, bobot umbi per tanaman dan bobot umbi total), kandungan bahan kering umbi saat dipanen, analisis bobot akar (segar) bobot akar kering setelah umbi dipanen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis 250 kg/ha yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk hayati Trichoderma + Aspergillus meningkatkan persentase akar bawang merah dengan bobot kering akar bawang merah tertinggi  didapat pada perlakuan aplikasi NPK 15-15-15 dosis 250 kg/ha + pupuk hayati Trichoderma yakni 13,67. Hasil umbi bawang merah nyata meningkat dengan aplikasi pupuk hayati Trichoderma, yaitu bobot individu umbi (8,58 g), bobot umbi per rumpun tanaman (40,97 g/tanaman) dan bobot total umbi (10,24 t/ha)..
The Effect of Seed Coating with Trichoderma sp. and Application of Bokashi Fertilizer to the Quality of Soybean (Glycine max. L) Seed
Authors: Umadi Sarah Sakinah , Sumadi Sumadi , Sobarna Denny Sobardini
Published: November 2018

The decrease of soybean productivity was caused by low quality of seed. To improve the quality of seed, soybean seed were coated  with Trichoderma sp. and adding bokashi organic fertilizer. This research aimed at finding the best dose combination of Trichoderma sp.  and bokashi fertilizer to improve the quality of soybeans. The research was conducted in the experiment field and Laboratory of Seed Technology at Padjadjaran University in April - August 2017. The experimental design in this research was Randomized Block Design (RBD). The treatments were the combination  of four dose values of coating the seed by Trichoderma sp. (0g/100 seeds, 1g/100 seeds, 2g/100 seeds, and 3g/100 seeds) and three dose  of bokashi (0g/polybag, 300g/polybag, and 600g/polybag) and each treatment was replicated three times. The experiment result showed that all treatments on soybean seeds did not affect the germination percentange, vigor index, and conductivity value, but affected the seed quantityof 600g/polybag of bokashi and without seed coating with Trichoderma sp.  on 100 seed mass and seed weight per plant.
Condition of Food Sanitation and Hygiene in East Bandung, West Java
Authors: Paujiah Epa , Solikha Maratus , Suryani Yani
Published: November 2018

Food security is one of the health problems in Indonesia which is related to the lack of knowledge of how the production process, the hygiene and health of the food. This study aims to describe the sanitary and hygienic conditions of food sold by merchant in Cibiru, Bandung City, West Java. The study was conducted in May-June 2017 by determining five sampling location based on the number of merchant in Cibiru. Data was obtained through questionnaire filling of 40 respondents at each sampling point which was then analyzed to find out the characteristics of social-demographic of the respondents, personal hygiene, and support of environmental sanitation. The results shows that the sanitation and hygiene of food in the aspect of knowledge of personal hygiene showed that the food handler was experienced food processors (88%) and 12% had no experience even though their last education was not linear with their trading profession. In addition, respondents' knowledge of individual hygiene shows that out of the nine aspects observed, 33% are in the high category, 11% are moderate and 56% are in the low category. Aspects of environmental sanitation and other support of food sanitation show that the conditions are in the clean and adequate category. All of these aspects can be used as a basic consideration in further counseling about food hygiene and food processing so that it can avoid unpredictable outbreaks.
Estudo epidemiológico do trauma bucomaxilofacial em um hospital de referência da Paraíba.
Authors: Ramos Joab Cabral , Almeida Mirla Lays Dantas de , Alencar Yan Carlos Gomes de , de Sousa Filho Luís Ferreira , Figueiredo Camila Helena Machado da Costa , Almeida Manuella Santos Carneiro
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: estudar os dados epidemiológicos de pacientes vítimas de traumas bucomaxilofaciais atendidos em um hospital de referência da Paraíba. Métodos: estudo transversal de abordagem indutiva com procedimento estatístico comparativo e técnica de pesquisa por documentação direta em campo. O universo foi constituído dos prontuários hospitalares obtidos de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2017 de pacientes atendidos pelo Serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial desse hospital. A amostra foi composta por 332 pacientes de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade do estudo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por dois examinadores previamente calibrados e os dados foram analisados descritiva e inferencialmente. Resultados: os pacientes do sexo masculino foram mais acometidos por trauma facial (83,1%), principalmente na terceira década de vida (32,2%). Acidentes motociclísticos foram a etiologia mais comum de trauma para ambos os sexos. Em relação à estatística inferencial com margem de erro fixada em 5%, não foi observada associação significativa (p>0,05) entre os sexos e os fatores etiológicos do trauma. Os ossos do nariz (38,2%) foram os ossos mais afetados e a lesão mais frequente de partes moles foi o edema, em 50,9% dos casos. Apenas 20,8% dos pacientes com fraturas ósseas foram politraumatizados. Conclusão: as vítimas de traumatismo bucomaxilofacial atendidas em nosso hospital são predominantemente homens na terceira década de vida, envolvidos em acidentes motociclísticos e com lesões em ossos do nariz.
Familiar factors and illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents: an analysis of the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015)
Authors: Antunes Hellen de Araújo , Rivadeneira-Guerrero María Fernanda , Goulart Bárbara Niegia Garcia de , Oenning Nágila Soares Xavier
Published: November 2018

Illicit drug use is related to individual characteristics; however, social and family environments seem to be associated with this consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the relationships between parents or guardians and Brazilian adolescents that use illicit drugs. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015), in which the target population was school children from the ninth grade (eighth year). A total of 102,072 students were included in the current research, being 52,782 females and 49,290 males. Illicit drug use was the outcome and family relationship factors were the exposure. For adjustments, factors as sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, as well as tobacco and alcohol use were established. Univariate and multivariate analysis stratified by sex was conducted through Poisson regression, with a robust variance estimator to calculate the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval. The general prevalence of illicit drug use was 3.8%; 3.3% among females and 4.4% among males. The following factors increase the prevalence ratio for illicit drug use in adolescents: not living with their parents, not feeling supervised by parents, and skipping classes without parents’ consent. Never feeling understood by parents and frequent physical aggressions by family members were also associated with illicit drug use. Family relationships collaborate to illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic factors, alcohol and smoking habits and parents and friends’ profiles.
Adverse drug events identified in hospitalized patients in Brazil by International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) code listings
Authors: Martins Ana Cristina , Giordani Fabíola , Guaraldo Lusiele , Tognoni Gianni , Rozenfeld Suely
Published: November 2018

Studies of adverse drug events (ADEs) are important in order not to jeopardize the positive impact of pharmacotherapy. These events have substantial impact on the population morbidity profiles, and increasing health system operating costs. Administrative databases are an important source of information for public health purposes and for identifying ADEs. In order to contribute to learning about ADE in hospitalized patients, this study examined the potential of applying ICD-10 (10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases) codes to a national database of the public health care system (SIH-SUS). The study comprised retrospective assessment of ADEs in the SIH-SUS administrative database, from 2008 to 2012. For this, a list of ICD-10 codes relating to ADEs was built. This list was built up by examining lists drawn up by other authors identified by bibliographic search in the MEDLINE and LILACS and consultations with experts. In Brazil, 55,604,537 hospital admissions were recorded in the SIH-SUS, between 2008 and 2012, of which 273,440 (0.49%) were related to at least one ADE. The proportions and rates seem to hold constant over the study period. Fourteen out of 20 most frequent ADEs were identified in codes relating to mental disorders. Intoxications figure as the second most frequently recorded group of ADEs in the SIH-SUS, comprising 76,866 hospitalizations. Monitoring of ADEs in administrative databases using ICD-10 codes is feasible, even in countries with information systems under construction, and can be an innovative tool to complement drug surveillance strategies in place in Brazil, as well as in others countries.
Advantages of Using HJ-Biplot Analysis in Executive Functions Studies
Authors: Ruiz Natalia Cadavid , Egido Jaime , Galindo-Villardón Purificación , Del-Río Pablo
Published: November 2018

Abstract Executive functions (EFs) are considered a multiple system of processing, associated with different components, such as inhibition, working memory, planning, among others. The study of EFs requires the assessment of all its components, having in mind the socio-demographic and cognitive characteristics of the target population. Nowadays, analysis of variance is used to achieve this goal; nevertheless, HJ-Biplot analysis overcome its limitations by allowing simultaneous examination of multiple data, such as those generated in EFs studies. This study evaluates possible differences in the EFs of 80 8-year-old Colombian children by their sex, socio-economic status and type of school they attend, to exemplify the advantages of using HJ-Biplot analysis in neuropsychological studies.
Exploração das Relações entre Teoria da Mente e Linguagem em Alunos de Escolas Públicas
Authors: Silva Renata de Lourdes Miguel da , Rodrigues Marisa Cosenza
Published: November 2018

Resumo A pesquisa avaliou e também explorou algumas das possíveis relações entre a teoria da mente e a linguagem. Participaram deste estudo 85 alunos do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental de duas escolas públicas mineiras com média de idade de 6,8 anos (DP= 3,0). Utilizou-se uma escala de tarefas de teoria da mente e um livro com narrativa por imagem. Os resultados mostraram uma associação positiva entre a teoria da mente e linguagem, que mesmo sendo discreta, é um achado convergente com pesquisas anteriores. Além disso, possíveis variáveis que podem motivar diferenças no desenvolvimento sociocognitivo infantil foram discutidas.
Uso da Tecnologia na Prática Pedagógica: Influência na Criatividade e Motivação de Alunos do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Borges Clarissa Nogueira , Fleith Denise de Souza
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Este estudo comparou alunos de escolas que usam tecnologias de informação e comunicação nas práticas pedagógicas e de instituições que não fazem uso desses recursos. Participaram 76 alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental, os quais responderam a três instrumentos sobre criatividade, clima de sala de aula para criatividade e motivação para aprender. Os resultados indicaram médias mais altas em criatividade figural e motivação extrínseca entre alunos cujos professores utilizavam tecnologia. Os alunos das escolas sem uso da tecnologia relataram maior interesse pela aprendizagem. Este estudo contribuiu para desmistificar a ideia de que a utilização de tecnologias na prática docente é uma condição essencial para o desenvolvimento da criatividade e da motivação do aluno.
A Pesquisa em Prevenção em Saúde Mental no Brasil: A Perspectiva de Especialistas
Authors: Abreu Samia , Murta Sheila Giardini
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Este estudo investigou experiências e recomendações de pesquisadores em prevenção primária em saúde mental no Brasil, com vistas a subsidiar uma agenda de trabalho para o fortalecimento nacional da área. Utilizou-se a técnica Delphi e dez pesquisadores, especialistas em prevenção, foram entrevistados. Investimentos na aproximação entre pesquisa e extensão, incremento do ensino de prevenção, parceria com diversas áreas de conhecimento e estudos de validação de instrumentos para avaliação de programas foram citados como necessidades. Foram apresentados recursos pessoais, profissionais e ambientais, percebidos como apoiadores para a construção da carreira. Foram abordadas direções futuras para a área, tais como a construção de redes de pesquisa e a difusão de programas preventivos. São discutidas implicações dos dados para uma agenda de pesquisa.