bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construção coletiva da subjetividade
Authors: Bento Maria Lair Liberato , Almeida Lenise Moura Fé de , Silva Ângela Viana de Sousa
Published: October 2021

Em 2018 unimos as áreas de Língua Portuguesa, de Filosofia e de Psicologia para planejar e executar o Projeto de Ensino Transdisciplinar “Construção Coletiva da Subjetividade” (CCS), que teve como objetivo possibilitar aos alunos ingressantes nas primeiras séries no Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí, campus São João do Piauí, no estado do Piauí, práticas interativas voltadas ao desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais. Este artigo apresenta uma síntese do trabalho realizado pelas responsáveis por cada área de conhecimento e seus aportes teóricos. Para análise do processo de construção da subjetividade, foram utilizadas, entre outras, as referências de Vygostsky, Josafá Gonçalves, Antonio Candido, Maria Luiza Abaurre, Paul Ricoeur, PCNs, Lei n° 9394/96 e BNCC com a finalidade de explorar e conhecer caminhos possíveis para que o professor/facilitador promova o desenvolvimento integral dos estudantes.
Synthesis of Mono-Carbonyl Analogues of Curcumin Assisted by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Wijianto Bambang , Safitri Cikra I. N. H.
Published: October 2021

Mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin, especially those containing hydroxy groups at the para position in the aromatic ring flanked by an electron withdrawing group (EWG) like chlorine, are known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity. This study aims to synthesize mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin with assisted microwave synthesis and determine its toxicity. The acute toxicity assay carried out on zebrafish larvae. The results showed that the synthesis of mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin with assisted microwave synthesis gave clean products, faster reaction rates, more product yields, economical, and environmentally friendly. The optimal synthesis results obtained at 160Watt microwave radiation energy for 10 minutes. The acute toxicity assay of HGV-6, PGV-6, and GVT-6 compounds showed low toxicity to zebrafish larvae.
The Effect of pH and Cocrystal Quercetin-Isonicotinamide on Quercetin Solubility and its Thermodynamic
Authors: Wisudyaningsih Budipratiwi , Sallama Solihatus , Siswandono Siswandono , Setyawan Dwi
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to improve the solubility of quercetin by solvent pH control method and crystal modification through co-crystal formation using isonicotinamide as its co-former. Solubility of quercetin was tested at nine pH levels using phosphate buffer solvents. Quercetin-isonicotinamide co-crystal was prepared by a solvent evaporation method. Co-crystal preparation was carried out using two different stoichiometric ratios of quercetin-isonicotinamide (1:1 and 1:3). The co-crystalline solubility test was performed in 50 mL citrate buffer (pH 5.0 ± 0.05) at a temperature of 37 ± 0.5C. The thermodynamic parameters of quercetin and co-crystal were analyzed to determine the mechanism of the quercetin solubility process. Increasing the pH of solvents has proven to increase the solubility of quercetin. The quercetin oxidation reaction starts at pH level of 7.4. The formation of quercetin-isonicotinamide co-crystal at ratio of 1:1 and 1:3 shows the increase of quercetin solubility by 1.36 and 1.27 times, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters of the quercetin and quercetinco-crystal, which include entropy, enthalpy, and free energy values, can be used to explain the solubility process of quercetin. Quercetin has increased solubility under alkaline pH conditions, but undergoes an oxidation reaction at pH 7.4 and easily oxidized at alkaline pH. Crystal modification of quercetin by the co-crystal formation method has proven to increase the solubility of quercetin so that it can be used for the development of quercetin as a candidate for effective, safe, and acceptable active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Pharmacognostical Investigation of Trapa natans L Leaves
Authors: Majee Chandana , Mazumder Rupa , Choudhary Alka N.
Published: October 2021

Background: Trapa natans L., is annual aquatic plant generally kwon as Water caltrp, Water chest nut belonging to the Trapaceae or Lytraceae family. Trapa natans L is use for the treatment of wide no of diseases without proper standardization. Objective: To give the right pharmacognostical and photochemical information of the Trapanatan L leaves. In this study pharmacognostical investigation of the fresh leaves and powder drug were done to determine the macroscopical, microscopical, quantitative physicochemical and phytochemical property of the drugs. Method: Macroscopical, quantitative and qualitative microscopy, physicochemical evaluation, extractive value, florescence analysis and phytochemical analysis were done according to the WHO guideline. Result: Macroscopical analysis showed that, leaves are greenish to purplish color, rhomboidal shape; alternate, acute, margin is dentate, pinnate venation. Microscopic evaluation showed that leaf is dorsi ventral in nature, upper layer epidermis cells were covered with cuticle layer. Single layer of barrel shape cell were present bellow the upper epidermis layer. Trichomes are generally multicellular. Anomocytic stomata were observed in upper epidermis. From the experiment it was found that methanolic extract give the highest extractive value. Phytochemical analysis gives the evidence for the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, glycoside, steroids, flavonoids, tannin, and triterpenoids. Qualitative phytochemical analysis give the evidence for presence of high amount total phenolic content. Conclusion: Different pharmacognostical parameters assessed in this examination help to detection and standardization of Trapa natans L., leaves.
Effectivity Evaluation of Bisoprolol as Additional Hypertension Therapy in Geriatrics with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus while ongoing with Dual Oral Anti-Hypertension Agent: A Cohort Study
Authors: Adi Jaya Made Krisna , Veryanti Putu Rika , Ayu Kartika I Gusti Agung
Published: October 2021

Background: Bisoprolol is a beta-blocker agent that is widely used as an antihypertensive agent, cardiac rate control, and agent to improve the cardiac ejection fraction. Bisoprolol is commonly added to hypertension therapy in patients with a high risk of heart disease such as hypertension with diabetes. The effectiveness of beta-blocker agents in the treatment of hypertension in geriatrics with diabetes without a history of CVD who are currently using dual therapy is still minimal. Evaluation of this matter needs to be done to complement scientific evidence in the use of bisoprolol in the treatment of hypertension in geriatrics with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of bisoprolol as additional therapy in geriatric patients who have diabetes hypertension without CVD history while they are ongoing dual oral antihypertension therapy. Method: A cohort study involving 82 geriatrics was prospectively observed for four weeks. The exposure in this study was the bisoprolol agent. Subjects were divided into two groups, where all patients would undergo dual antihypertensive agents, namely Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker (ARB) and Calcium-Channel-Blocker (CCB). Reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed as primary outcomes, and success in achieving blood pressure goals was observed as a secondary outcome in the study. Result: There was no difference in the decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the exposure and non-exposure groups (p> 0.05). Judging from the large number of patients who successfully achieved the therapeutic target also showed no significant difference between the exposure and non-exposure groups with systolic and diastolic risk difference (RD) values of 1,091 (CI95%: 0.545-2.184) and 1,222 (CI95%: 0.781-1.913). Conclusion: The addition of bisoprolol agents in geriatric patients with hypertension and diabetes without a history of CVD is not required.
Phytochemical analysis and in vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial activity of the Chloroform leaf extract of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik (Malvaceae)
Authors: Divya Selvaraj , Arivoli Subramanian , Tennyson Samuel
Published: October 2021

Medicinal plants are of great significance and global importance as antioxidants and antibacterial agents. In the present investigation the chloroform leaf extract of Abelmoschus manihot was screened for its phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Flavonoids, phenolics, tannins and vitamins were the phytochemical constituents present. GC-MS analysis revealed ten major phytocompounds. In vitro antioxidant assay via DPPH exhibited an IC50 value of 234.7±37.53mg/mL, and its activity could be ascribed due to the presence of the phytocompound α-tocopherol. The antimicrobial activity represented by the zone of inhibition via disc diffusion method, observed no activity against the fungal strains, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exhibited 12 to 14mm zone of inhibition at concentrations 100-500µg, which can be attributed due to the presence of flavonoids. The above results suggests that antioxidant and antibacterial activity exhibited by the chloroform leaf extract of this plant was attributed to the presence of the phytochemicals, especially phenolics and flavonoids. Further in depth studies on the phytochemical constituents of this chloroform leaf extract is recommended, as this extract could serve as an additional implement to natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents.
Comparative Study of different Solvent Extract of Plectranthus amboinicus Stem for their Diuretic Activity
Authors: Salma Noor , Prakash K Chandra , Ahmed Syed Sagheer , Tabassum Saba , K H Ahalya Devi
Published: October 2021

Diuresis can be beneficial in removing toxins from the body. Globally traditional and folklore medicines plays a vital role in health care services. Plectranthus amboinicus belongs to Lamiaceae family is an Indian medicinal plant which has been utilized traditionally to treat various diseases. However, there is no systematic methodology for the use of Plectranthus amboinicus stem as a diuretic. Hence the present study is proposed to evaluate the diuretic activity of various solvent extract of Plectranthus amboinicus stem in the rat model. The acute toxicity study was performed in albino mice by fixed-dose method (OECD guidelines number 425) of CPCSEA. The diuretic activity was carried out using the Lipschitz method. The total urine volume collected in 24hours was observed. Sodium, potassium and chloride concentration in urine were also recorded. The ionic concentrations were recorded calorimetrically. Acute toxicity study proved no toxicity and mortality in any of the animal up to the dose of 2000mg/kg bodyweight. All three extracts of Plectranthus amboinicus have exhibited dose-dependent diuretic activity by increasing urine volume and excreting sodium ions in urine. The urine pH was also elevated. From the study, it can be concluded that the plant Plectranthus amboinicus could be considered as a diuretic agent. This current study encourages the use of this plant in folk medicine. Further study is required for isolation, characterization and formulation of the active constituents responsible for its diuretic activity.
Assessment of the antidiabetic potential of Gymnemic acid as α-amylase and α-Glucosidase inhibitor using invitro and insilico tools
Authors: Karthikeyan Porkodi , Prakash M.V. Dass , Sendurapandi Pavithra Devi , Periandavan Kalaiselvi
Published: October 2021

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose level caused due to deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin action. The management of the blood glucose level is an important approach in the control of diabetes mellitus complications. There are many divergent therapeutic strategies in the management of Type II diabetes. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase can be used to lower postprandial blood glucose levels. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory potential of Gymnemic acid in various concentrations on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Gymnemic acid and voglibose show the IC50 value of 68.12 and 46.23 on alpha amylase and IC50 value of 65.77 and 36.67 on alpha glucosidase activity respectively. Insilico docking study between α-amylase and α-glucosidase with gymnemic acid and voglibose depict the similar amino acid binding sites that substantiate that gymnemic acid might be used as a natural and cost-effective alternative to the synthetic drug. This study throws light on the anti-diabetic action of phytomedicine, Gymnemic acid, a component of Gymnema sylvestre.
Chemical Compounds and Antimicrobial Activities of Actinomycetes Isolates from BRIS Soil
Authors: Majhool Ali Arkan , Idris Hamidah , Nuzul Hakimi Wan Mohd , Daniel Abdullah Muhd Danish
Published: October 2021

The existing study examined three actinomycetes isolated from Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil where the morphological properties were examined and chemical compounds of their metabolite extracts were ana; ysed. Based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the strains were identified as Streptomyces sp. AA13, Amycolatopsis sp. AA12 and Micromonosporasp. AA141. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested against a panel of microorganisms that consist of Escherichia coli DSM 30083, Bacillus subtilis DSM 10, Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 50090, Klebsiella pneumoniae DSM 30104, Micrococcus luteus DSM 20030, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Results revealed a wide range of antimicrobial activities produced by the isolates at different concentration of each extracts. The extracts were found to show stronger antimicrobial activities against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria, while no activities were shown when tested against fungi. Thirty-nine compounds were detected both from Streptomycessp. AA13 and Amycolatopsissp. AA12, while thirty-eight compounds from Micromonosporasp. AA141 using GC-MS. This Study Demonstrate the ability of actinomycetes in producing variety type of compounds with antimicrobial activities that may be the potential candidates as drug leads.
Calocybe indicia extract modifies GABA and Serotonin levels to Alleviate anxiety in experimental adult Zebrafish models
Authors: Wilson Sarah Andrea , Nagaraj Anushree , Vaidyanathan Lalitha
Published: October 2021

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model to study anxiety due to its physiological homology to humans. The pathophysiology of anxiety, even though still unclear, has been extensively studied in Zebrafish. Anxiety was induced by withdrawal after exposure to 0.5% ethanol, which proved to be anxiogenic, validated through the novel tank test. The light/dark test revealed that exposure to 0.5% ethanol had anxiolytic effects. The milky mushroom, Calocybe indica was used to treat anxiety since its anti-hypertensive effects have already been reported. Biochemical parameters such as GABA and MAO (A&B) were measured before and after treatment with different concentrations of C. indica and standard anxiolytic drug, Fluoxetine to compare and confirm the anxiolytic effect. The GABA content was found to be 119.9±1.99 mmoles/g tissue weight after treatment with 50 µg C. indica which was comparable to the normal group values (100±4.12). MAO (A&B) activity decreased which in turn increased serotonin levels with 25µg of C. indica. 25µg and 100µg concentration of the extract of C. indica was found to be optimum in reducing the level of anxiety.
Role of Claudin-4 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Tumor Invasion of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fatimah Sitti , Rahaju Anny Setijo , Rahniayu Alphania
Published: October 2021

Colorectal adenocarcinoma is positioned as the third of most common cancer which the cases rise in Indonesia lately. More than 90% of colorectal carcinoma are adenocarcinoma type. One of prognostic factor of colorectal adenocarcinoma is invasion state of the tumor (T). Uncontrollable proliferation of tumor cell causes transformation of paracellular permeability that increase claudin-4 expression (a protein located on main integral membrane). Claudin-4 activation influence the expression and activity of MMP-2 directly or by altering transduction signal. Expression of claudin-4 and MMP-2 play a role in tumor invasion. Analyzing correlation of claudin-4 and MMP-2 toward invasion state of the tumor (T stadium) on colorectal adenocarcinoma. Analytical observation was conducted on 47 samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma with different invasion state collected by Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital during 2015-2018. Immunohistochemistry was conducted using both claudin-4 and MMP-2 antibodies. Expression of claudin-4 and MMP-2 were semiquantitatively measured then statistically analyzed. Significant result could be obtained in comparison between claudin-4 and tumor invasion state (p=0.773). The significant result could be obtained in comparison between MMP-2 and tumor invasion state (p=0.920). It also could be observed in comparison between claudin-4 and MMP-2 (p=0.638). In summary, claudin-4 and MMP-2 play a role on tumor invasion colorectal adenocarcinoma. It was showed by significant result between claudin-4 and MMP-2 expressions compared to invasion state of colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Praxis of Technology and Tools in COVID-19 Response
Authors: K M Padmavathy , Sharan S Rohith , M Noorzaid , M Rehanna
Published: October 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has affected around forty million people worldwide and causing over a million deaths. Since no treatment guideline is considered the most efficient, and with no vaccine approved for prophylaxis, currently the COVID-19 response demands efficient use of available technology and tools in medical field for controlling the disease. The knowledge and experience gained from the epidemics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Ebola, and Zika virus play a pivotal role in this pandemic response. The required technologies and tools are adapted from the existing technologies and are modified to serve the purpose of COVID-19 response which is applied in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of Coronavirus infection. The technologies applied at the prevention stage aims at limiting the spread of infection by using personal protective equipment, contact-tracing, and modelling. At the stage of diagnosis, technologies are used efficiently and the correct diagnosis of infected cases is done by molecular, immunological testing and radiological imaging. Artificial-Intelligence is employed in building applications that use the available information and radio-images to aid in differential diagnosis of Coronavirus infection. The treatment in COVID-19 incorporates technology in both in-patient and remote care of the cases. Though the COVID-19 response strategy differs from country to country, it is devised based on the recommendations made by the international health authorities such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States (NCDCP-US). The controlling of the pandemic depends on the collective effort of all nations which rest on efficient scientific communication and in the advancement of the medical field.
The comparison of two Chemometric Assisted UV Spectrophotometric Techniques with High-performance Liquid Chromatography Methods for simultaneous determination of three Antiemetic drugs used in Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Singh Veena Devi , Singh Vijay Kumar , Daharwal Sanjay J
Published: October 2021

This research work was emphasis to adopt green analytical chemistry via development of environmentally friendly methods for simultaneously estimation of drugs used for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). In these study two multivariate calibration methods namely; Partial least square (PLS) models, Principal component regression (PCR) and RP-HPLC (Reverse phase- high performance liquid chromatography) method were employed for simultaneous assessment of aprepitant (APT), dexamethsone (DEX) and ondansetron (OND) in their market formuations. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Phenomenex Luna C18 column (150mm X 4.6mm in diameter with 5μ particle size) and detection was carried out by UV-Visible detector. The mobile phase comprises a mixture of ethanol and toluene in a ratio of 65:35% v/v, at the flow rate of 1.2ml/ min. The elution was monitored at 225nm and total run time required for separation was 10 min. The retention time of APT, DEX and OND were found to be 4.37 min, 6.57 and 8.11 min respectively. The Applied methods were validated as per ICH guidelines to achieve maximum sensitivity and lowest error. Linearity range for multivariate calibration methods was found to be 5-50μg/mL for APT, DEX and OND and similarly for HPLC methods was found to be 5-30μg/mL,5-30μg/mL and 5-50μg/mL of APT, DEX and OND respectively. A statistical procedure was carried out to find statistical difference among these developed methods. The results revealed that there is no significant difference between two multivariate models and HPLC methods. Therefore, it could be applied as an alternative of HPLC method in quality control laboratories lacking the required facilities for these expensive instruments. Hence, proposed method can also be applied in clinical pharmacy, toxicology and quality control analysis without the interference of commonly encountered dosage form additives.
A new Validated Stability Indicating RP-UFLC Method for the Estimation of Voriconazole in presence of internal standard
Authors: Venkata Naveen Paladugu , Ganapaty Seru
Published: October 2021

Voriconazole is used for the treatment of variety of fungal infections caused by aspergillosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, penicilliosis etc. Voriconazole belongs to triazole class. Voriconazole is mainly used to treat certain patients who are not responding to other anti-fungal drugs. It works by slowing the growth of the fungi that cause infection. A new validated reverse phase stability indicating liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the assay of Voriconazole in presence of an internal standard (Rufinamide) tablets. Forced degradation studies were performed to define the selectivity and specificity of the method. Linearity was observed over the concentration range 1.0-100μg/mL with linear regression equation y = 0.4489x – 0.1262 (r2 = 0.9999). The LOQ and LOD were found to be 0.8934μg/mL and 0.2921μg/mL. The present stability indicating RP-UFLC method was validated as per ICH guidelines and can be useful for the assay of tablets and injections and also for the kinetic studies.
Factors Causing Delay in Pile Cap Work (Case Study: Trans Studio Mall Makassar Upgrade Project)
Authors: Marioga Sulistiawati , Latupeirissa Josefine Ernestine , Meti
Published: October 2021

Pile cap as an important part used in construction engineering. Construction projects have a completion schedule, and pile caps as part of a construction project must not be delayed. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that cause delays in Pile cap work. The analysis method to calculate the results of questionnaire distribution is simple correlation analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are seven factors causing delays  Pile cap work on the Trans Studio Mall Makassar upgrade project, namely: (1) Lack of manpower, (2) Late delivery of materials, (3) Rainfall intensity factor, (4) Lack of labor expertise, (5) equipment shortage, (6) equipment damage, (7) the factor of the change of design by the owner. From the results of the calculation of the product moment correlation factor of the lack of labor with the Pearson correlation coefficient value of 0.821 has a very strong relationship.
The impact of political programs on Lebanese television on political knowledge of the youth
Authors: Ayesh Alasemi Dr. Ahed
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to find out the effect of watching political programs on Lebanese television on the level of political knowledge of Lebanese university youth and the extent of their dependence on them, according to many variables. The study

also aimed to apply the test of hypotheses of the knowledge gap theory.

The researcher used the descriptive approach, to achieve the aim of the study, through the "questionnaire tool", which was implemented on an intentional non-probability sample of (400) single Lebanese university students in Beirut, which included a set of questions related to questions and hypotheses of the study. And its goals and variables.

     The researcher came out with many conclusions. The important ones are:

In general ,viewing the political programs in the Lebanese satellite channels was medium among the participants, the high level came in the second place while the law level got the third and last place.

The political knowledge among the participants was high; the participant with middle political knowledge was in the second place while the low political knowledge came in the third place.

There is a non-statistically significant correlation between the volume of exposure to television channels and the size of political knowledge of the respondents.

There is a statistically significant correlation between the size of the respondents' political knowledge and the degree of their interest in the political issue raised.

5- There are statistically significant differences between the respondents in the size of political knowledge, according to the variable of the economic and social level.
El ganado bovino criollo patagónico de Argentina
Authors: Martínez Rubén Darío , Carpinetti Bruno Nicolas , Ruiz Moreno Lisandro , Solis Rolando
Published: October 2021

El ganado bovino criollo patagónico de Argentina es un recurso zoogenético formado en la Patagonia, con las características biológicas que se requieren para vivir y producir en esos ambientes tan bellos, como duros y cambiantes. La diversidad de sus pelajes y sumorfología (condición favorable para la producción extensiva patagónica), fue castigada por el mercado que ha preferido utilizar razas uniformes. También en el ámbito académico existieron y existen aún hoy, defensores de la uniformidad frente a la diversidad. Hoy sabemos que la evolución biológica es imposible sin diversidad genética y fenotípica y la producción animal (sobre todo la extensiva y en ambientes extremos y cambiantes) necesita evolucionar para ser eficiente. Actualmente el bovino criollo se encuentra presente en todas las provincias patagónicas, en algunas hay poblaciones asilvestradas en áreas protegidas o tierras públicas y también privados, que desarrollan distintos planteos productivos con bovinos criollos. Este trabajo describe algunas características genéticas del recurso y brinda un panorama actualizado de sudesarrollo en la región. La utilización racional de este recurso genético, considerando sus ventajas adaptativas, podría tener un importante impacto positivo en la mejora de la productividad ganadera de toda la región patagónica, mediante el aporte de genes y combinaciones de genes relacionados con la fertilidad, la rusticidad, la mansedumbre, la longevidad y todos aquellos atributos que requiere la especie bovina para desarrollarse en producciones extensivas con ambientes difíciles y cambiantes como ocurre en toda la región patagónica.
Relación entre peso al nacimiento y medidas torácicas en terneros de raza Criollo Argentino
Authors: Holgado Fernando Daniel , Ortega Maria Florencia , Cantarella Gabriela Eugenia , Fernandez Jorge Luis
Published: October 2021

La raza Criollo Argentino es un recurso genético valioso y su conservación y caracterización una actividad relevante. En razas que presentan dificultades al parto, estos inconvenientes han sido relacionados con elpeso al nacer del ternero, el área pélvica de la madre y con la relación entre ambas variables. Se menciona además a la conformación de la cría como otro componente de importancia. Para el presente trabajo se utilizó un total de 67 terneros, hijos de vacas de la raza Criollo Argentino, nacidos en el período entre el 15 de Septiembre y 15 de Diciembre de 2019. Las vacas fueron mantenidas en condiciones extensivas, en la experimental de Leales, provinciade Tucumán. Los vientres forman parte de una unidad de cría, con una alimentación exclusivamente pastoril, basada engramíneas perennes megatérmicas cultivadas. Estas gramíneas forrajeras presentan un crecimiento estival (Noviembre a Abril). Por lo tanto, desde Mayo a Octubre, la alimentación se basa en forraje diferido delv erano, de muy baja calidad. No se emplea ningún tipo de suplemento nutricional. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar las correlaciones existentes entre el peso al nacimiento del ternero (PN) con sus medidas corporales: ancho (AT), profundidad (PT), perímetro (PERI) y área del tórax (AREA); y relacionar estas variables con la facilidad de parto. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó el programa InfoStat. Se estimaron correlaciones yregresiones lineales, entre las variables consideradas. PN, PERI, PT y AREA presentaron correlaciones positivas elevadas (0.87, 0.91 y 0.76 respectivamente). ATfue la única variable cuya correlacióncon PN resultó no significativa. Las medidas corporales indicanque las dificultades al parto pueden estar asociada con otras características raciales.
Diversidad genética y estudios de asociación en genes de clase II del complejo principal de histocompatibilidad en bovinos Criollos americanos
Authors: Ortega Masagué María Florencia , Pereira Rico Juan Antonio , Loza Vega Ariel , Giovambattista Guillermo
Published: October 2021

El complejo principal de histocompatibilidad o MHC(denominado en la especie bovina “antígenoleucocitario bovino, BoLA”) está compuesto por un gran número de genes involucrados en la respuesta inmune dentro de una misma región cromosómica. Muchos de estos genes presentan niveles extraordinarios de polimorfismo. Además, estos loci hansido asociados a enfermedades infecciosas, autoinmunes y a caracteres productivos en diferentes especies de mamíferos. Es por esta razón, que el estudio de su estructura, polimorfismo yevolución ha sido de gran interés para biólogos, genetistas y veterinarios durante las últimas décadas. El objetivo dela presente revisión consiste en analizar el estado del arte sobre la caracterización de la diversidad genética de losloci del BoLA, con especial énfasis en el gen BoLA­DRB3 en las razas bovinas criollas americanas. En este sentido, se detallan las metodologías utilizadas para el genotipado de este gen (serológicas y moleculares). Además, se describen los principales resultados obtenidos a partir del estudio de la diversidad genética del gen BoLA­DRB3, así como de los estudios de asociación de este locus con enfermedades infecciosas en bovinos criollos americanos. Aunque mucho se ha avanzado en el conocimiento de la diversidad genética del gen BoLA­DRB3, aún existe un largo camino por recorrer.
The Slick Holstein as an alternative to cope with heat stress in tropical dairy operations
Authors: Ortiz-Uriarte Bianca , Rosa-Padilla Natalia , López-López Rafael , Curbelo-Rodríguez Jaime , Negrón-Pérez Verónica , Ortiz-Colón Guillermo
Published: October 2021

Heat stress is a significant challenge to dairy production in most parts of the world. Puerto Rican Criollo cattle carry the Slick (SL) gene that results in short lustrous hair, conferring them with superior heat tolerance that makes them a valuable genetic resource in dairy breeding programs aiming at achieving resiliency upon the uncertainty of climate change. The SL gene has been part of the Puerto Rican dairy cattle genetic pool long enough that we have registered SL Holsteins with ancestry percentages greater than 93%. We documented milk production throughout the lactation cycle and calving intervals (CI) of SL registered Holstein cows in El Remanso Dairy Farm, in Camuy, Puerto Rico (18.4839° N, 66.8450° W). Official production and reproductive data from the Dairy Records Management System (www.drms.org) was obtained and used to compare the production of 17 SL hair registered Holstein cows with 68 wild-type (WT) Holsteins. Milk production was analyzed using Proc GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS University Edition, 2018) and a Tukey test was conducted to analyze milk production during the hot period using a model that included genotype (SL and WT), stage of lactation, and lactation number (1, 2 or ≥ 3) as fixed effects. Tukey test analysis were also performed comparing the CI between 4-12 SL and 4-12 WT Holsteins with data from 2013-2016 (number of cows varied by year). Average milk production for SL and WT Holsteins was 16.59 ± 0.94 and 14.83 ± 0.41 kg/day (p=0.746). SL Holsteins showed a shorter CI than their WT contemporaries with an average of 14.42±0.13 versus 16.06±0.08 (p=0.001). Under the hot and humid conditions of Puerto Rico, SL Holstein dairy cows perform reproductively better than WT Holsteins. Therefore, the SL gene may be an appropriate adaptive strategy to support an efficient dairy industry within a warmer global climate.
Diferenciación y distancia genética entre cerdos criollos venezolanos
Authors: Galíndez González Rafael , Ramis Catalina , Martinez Gonzalo , Angulo Luis , Bedoya Angela , Landi Vincenzo , Martinez Amparo , Delgado Juan Vicente
Published: October 2021

Con el objetivo de analizar la diferenciación y distancia genética entre cerdos criollos venezolanos setomaron muestras de pelo de individuos de Capanaparo (n = 29), Cunaviche (n = 32), Guadarrama (n = 31), ElSocorro (n = 26), Hato Masaguaral (n = 22), Guayabal (n = 31), así como los grupos referenciales Landrace (n = 21),Large White (n = 14), Alentejano (n = 29) e Ibérico (n = 30). En el Laboratorio de Genética Molecular del Centro deInvestigaciones en Biotecnología Agrícola en el Instituto de Genética de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UniversidadCentral de Venezuela, se extrajo ADN de los folículos pilosos. Se utilizaron 13 marcadores microsatélites: S0005,S0155, S0215, S0218, S0225, S0227, SW24, SW240, SW632, SW857, SW911, SW936 y SW951. Se amplificaron losfragmentos por la técnica de PCR, se ejecutó electroforesis vertical en geles de poliacrilamida y los fragmentos serevelaron con nitrato de plata. Se calcularon los estadístico “F”, “GST” y se realizó el análisis factorial decorrespondencias múltiples, se obtuvieron las distancia DCy DAy se construyeron los dendrogramas usando lametodología del vecino más cercano. El “FIT” osciló entre 0.029 y 0.414;“FIS” entre -0.126 y 0.414;“FST” entre 0.026y 0.241;“GST” entre 0.043 y 0.293. Las menores distancias se observaron entre los cerdos de El Socorro y Arismendi,y estos a su vez próximos a las razas comerciales. Por otro lado, los cerdos de Guayabal, Capanaparo y Cunaviche seubicaron en clúster separados, siendo los cerdos de Cunaviche los más cercanos a los cerdos de la Península ibérica.Se concluye que existe subdivisión y diferenciación moderada entre las poblaciones de cerdos criollos venezolanos,estando algunos grupos cercanos a las razas comerciales y otros a los cerdos provenientes de la Península ibérica.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Salmonella parayphi
Authors: Aida Nor Aini , Ngazizah Febri Nur , Sobirin Miftachul , Riky Riky
Published: October 2021

Bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang sering digunakan untuk obat di Kalimantan. E.  palmifolia digunakan untuk pengobatan karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Seperti senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin dan glikosida yang termasuk kedalam senyawa polar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol 70% E. palmifolia terhadap bakteri Salmonella paratyphi dengan metode ekstraksi teknik maserasi. E. paratyphi merupakan bakteri pathogen terhadap manusia yang habitatnya berada di saluran pencernaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak E. palmifolia dengan perbandingan konsentrasi ekstrak E. palmifolia 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, dan 60 mg/ml serta kloramfenikol sebagai kontrol positif dan aquadest steril sebagai kontrol negatif.  Metode uji antibakteri yang digunakan yaitu metode difusi dengan cara paper disk sebanyak 5 kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh ekstrak E. palmifolia dalam mengambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. paratyphi yang dibuktikan dengan adanya zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar paper disk pada media dengan konsentrasi 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, dan 60 mg/ml dimana rata rata diameter zona hambat berturut-turut 6,6 mm, 7,4 mm, 8,8 mm, 9,9 mm masuk dalam kategori daya hambat tidak efektif dan 11 mm masuk dalam kategori lemah.
Kata Kunci: Eleutherine palmifolia, Etanol, Antimikroba
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.) DENGAN DAUN BAJAKAH (Uncaria acida Roxb.) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA VEKTOR DENGUE Aedes aegypti
Authors: Mulyono Fitra Akbar , Romaidha Iqlila , Khasanah Nur Aini Hidayah , Ngazizah Febri Nur
Published: October 2021

Demam berdarah adalah penyakit yang disebabkan virus dengue yang dibawa nyamuk A. aegypti. Pembuatan Larvasida alami dari tumbuhan seperti Alium sativum L. dan Uncaria acida Roxb sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat larvasida alami dari A. sativum dan U. acida. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk melihat efektivitas dari ekstrak A. sativum dengan U. acida sebagai larvasida nyamuk A. aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan larva nyamuk sebanyak 20 ekor untuk setiap konsentrasi dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan larvasida A. sativum pada konsentrasi tertinggi mencapai 100 % kematian sedangkan larvasida U. acida pada konsentrasi tertinggi mencapai 80% kematian larva nyamuk A. aegypti. Analisa data penelitian diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Analisa One Way Anova ekstrak A. sativum bernilai sig 0.049 dan ekstrak U. acida bernilai sig 0.245. Pada ekstrak A. sativum terdapat perbedaan signifikan kematian larva nyamuk pada setiap konsentrasi sedangkan ekstrak U. acida tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan kematian larva nyamuk pada setiap pemberian konsentrasi. Analisa T-tes ekstrak A. sativum dan U. acida bernilai sig 0.80 maka tidak ada perbedaan efektivitas di kedua ekstrak larvasida. Dapat disimpulkan hasil penelitian larvasida ekstrak A. sativum dan ekstrak U. acida sama-sama efektif pada larva A. aegypti.
Kata kunci : A. aegypti, A. sativum, U. acida, Larvasida, One Way Anova
MODIFIKASI METODE ISOLASI DNA CETYL TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE (CTAB) UNTUK SAMPEL EPITEL PIPI MANUSIA
Authors: Koentjoro Maharani Pertiwi , Sri Wilujeng Hidayah , Dilla Astrina , Prasetyo Endry Nugroho
Published: October 2021

Isolation of deoxyribonucleotide (DNA) is an important step in molecular analysis. In this process, DNA must be obtained in sufficient quantities and in good quality for any further analysis. The Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) method is commonly used in DNA isolation of plant or fungal. This method is an alternative in DNA isolation since it is easy and inexpensive. This study aims to modify the CTAB method for DNA isolation from human cheek epithelium for any molecular analysis. Epithelial cells were taken from the oral cavity of the researcher. The isolation protocol included cell lysis step with CTAB buffer and proteinase-K, purification step with the addition of chloroform:isoamylalcohol (24:1), precipitation step with isopropanol. The results of the ratio analysis of DNA spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 260 and 280 nm in the range of 1.73-1.85. The quality of DNA isolation was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis and a firm band was obtained after Ethidium Bromide staining. The DNA concentration in both methods ranged from 400-480 mg/mL. The time required for both methods ranges from 2.5-3 hours. The modified CTAB method DNA isolation protocol produces DNA that has good quality and quantity for molecular analysis processes, such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Nilai Kearifan Lokal pada Cerpen Silariang dalam Antologi Cerpen Gadis Pakarena Karya Khrisna Pabichara
Authors: Arifa Ainun Rondiyah
Published: October 2021

Karya sastra menjadi bentuk karya yang di dalamnya memadukan unsur imajinasi dan kehidupan nyata baik sastra lisan maupun tulisan. Karya sastra mengandung babagi aspek salah satunya yakni aspek budaya yang mempunyai cakupan yang sangat luas. Budaya sendiri ada secara alamiah dan berkembang yang dilakukan secara rutin dan berulang-ulang. Nilai kearifan lokal merupakan bagian dari budaya menjadi kekhasan suatu karya sastra baik puisi , novel atau cerpen. Salah satu cerpen yang mengandung nilai kearifan lokal  pada cerpen Salirang dalam buku antologi cerpen Gadis Pakarena karya Khrisna Pabichara. Cerpen yang menceritakan tentang nilai kearifan lokal masyarakat Bugis- Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif memanfaatkan cara-cara penafsiran dalam menyajikan data dengan bentuk deskriptif. Pendekata yang digunakan dalan penelitian ini ialah antropologi sastra.  Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kutipan teks dengan sumber data pada cerpen Salariangdalam buku antologi cerpen Gadis Pakarena karya Khrisna Pabichara. Data alamiah yang disajikn berupa fakta dan fenomena yang mencakup nilai-nilai, kearifan lokal. Teknik yang digunakan  selama pengumpulan data yaitu mencatat dokumen atau arsip, maka penelitian ini menggunakan analisis dokumen dengan teknik cuplikan Ada tiga nilai kearifan local pada cerpen Salariang dalam buku antologi cerpen Gadis Pakarena karya Khrisna Pabichara. Pertama kasta dalam masyarakat Bugis Makassar terdapat status sosial yang di dalamnya mengatur terkait pernikahan. Kedua silariang adalah pelanggaran aturan adat berupa kawin lari yang disebabakan berbagai hal. Ketiga siri dan pacce bagi Bugis Makassar sesuatu yang sangat penting melebihi nyawa. Siri yang memiliki arti harga diri sedangkan pacce mempunyai makna rasa malu yang tidak akan pernah hilang.

Kata kunci: karya sastra, budaya,  kearifan lokal
Compassion: The Art of Medicine
Authors: Donohue Miguel Oliveros
Published: October 2021

Compassion is necessary in clinical situations because they involve a medical response to suffering and carry respect, a desire to help, serve, and express solidarity. The use of the three “t's” to express compassion has been suggested: talk, take time, and touch (Talk or listen, Give time and Touch or caress). Compassion is part of humanization and involves affection, dedication, respect for the other and considering the person in their total integrity. Doctors and nurses should invite the family to participate in the health care of their relatives. In this act the values and virtues that make up the moral formation and that are taught or reinforced in the medical school emerge.
CH50 Activity and its Relationship to Antimüllerian Hormone in Patients with Infertility
Authors: Sánchez José Manuel Lozano
Published: October 2021

Objective: To study the importance of immunological screening (CH50, C3, C4) to determine the correlation between the ovarian reserve and complement pathway. Design: A cross-sectional multivariate study. Setting: Single tertiary referral center. Patients: 40 Women with infertility diagnosis who underwent In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Intervention(s): Basal blood samples collected to measure complement pathway and antimüllerian hormone. Main Outcome Measure(s): To correlate complement pathways (CH50 levels) with AMH. Results: The complement system and ovarian reserve were studied in 40 women aged from 28-48 years (mean=37.87 years), finding the values of CH50 65-268 CAE (mean=153.2 CAE), C3 13.9- 183mg/dl (mean=128.52mg/dl), C4 11.5-106mg/dl (mean=29.86mg/dl), AMH 0.10-3.9ng/dl (mean=1.32ng/dl). A multivariate analysis comparison was also conducted yielding significant results: negative correlation between AMH and age (Spearman correlation -0.6; P=0.001), as well as between AMH and CH50 (Spearman correlation -0.4; P=0.0129). Conclusion: High CH50 levels are correlated with an AMH decrease and it could be accordingly associated with age-related chronic inflammation. Capsule: High levels of CH50 are correlated with a decrease in AMH levels and could also be considered as a marker of poor response in IVF cycles.
Access and Waiting Time Standard for Early Intervention in Psychosis: At Risk Mental State Identification and Interventions Accepted within a Routine Service
Authors: Adamson Vidyah
Published: October 2021

Aim: Following the introduction of an access and waiting time standard for Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) services, the identification and treatment of people experiencing an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) for psychosis has become a national priority. However, there is a dearth of literature concerning what is offered to and accepted by ARMS service users within routine services. Methods: This descriptive evaluation reports upon the assessment and treatment of people with an at-risk mental state identified during the first year of a routine service operating in line with the EIP standard. The paper details referral sources, referral to treatment times, socio-demographic characteristics, ARMS subgroups and the interventions accepted by these service users. Results: A total of 138 ARMS cases were identified over the evaluation period, with 73% (n=101) aged between 18-34 years and 86% (n=118) meeting attenuated psychotic symptoms criteria. The majority (64%) of service users engaged in multiple interventions; 54% (n=75) accepted psychoeducation and coping skills enhancement work, 42% (n=58) participated in a sleep programme, 33% (n=45) undertook coping with voices and visions work and 28% (n=39) engaged in individual psychological therapy. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the majority of ARMS service users presenting to the EIP service were aged 18-34 and experienced attenuated psychotic symptoms. A range of NICE and CBT informed interventions as well as individual psychological therapies appear to be acceptable to ARMS service users and many engaged in multiple interventions offered.
A New Perspective on the Prodromal Training Phase (PTP)Beyond Aviation
Authors: Coclami Tina
Published: October 2021

Prodromal Training Phase (PTP) is the early identification, of the special characteristics that each trainee pilot has, beyond what is on their CV. It is important to do this before or at the beginning of the trainingbecause these characteristics will determine how efficientthe process of learning will be. That is why this article describes PTP since it could also be used in other fields of training beyond aviation which was the domain for which it was initially developed. To make sure that trainees do not just learn theories but to be able to think out of the box and figure out what is wrong and fix it.
Primary Mental Health Care Part 1: A Critical Review of the Irish System
Authors: L Smith
Published: October 2021

Primary mental health care is an evolving system, in need of regular revision and requiring innovative and creative adjustments in order to provide the public with an easily accessible and appropriate level and type of service, based on best practice and evidence. This paper is the first in a series of three exploring primary mental health care. The Irish model of care, ‘Counselling in Primary Care’, is presented as well as a number of short-comings associated with that model. The short-comings include eligibility criteria governing access, limitations of service as well as waiting lists; and the medicalization of service delivery.