bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 aptamer based on magnetic assisted rapid aptamer selection platform
Authors: Zheng Yajuan , Mo Qiuping , Tang Hongchao , Zheng Qinghui , Guan Dandan
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study aims to screen the aptamers of LGR5 through MARAS platform to regulate the migration, proliferation, and invasion in breast cancer cells. Methods: MARAS platform was used to screen adaptation of LGR5. The expressions of LGR5, β-catenin,
c-Myc, Cyclin D1 and DKK1 were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. The capacity of tumor cell migration and invasion were evaluated using wound healing and transwell assays. Results: Anti-LGR5-APtamer was obtained by screening on MARAS platform.
Anti-LGR5-aptamer can remarkably inhibit MDA-MB-231 cells growth, such as proliferation, migration and invasion Mechanically, anti-LGR5-aptamer inhibits β-catenin, C-MyC, Cyclin D1 expression and promotes the expression of DKK1. In addition, the Dox-anti-LGR5-aptamer system can
enhance the ability of Dox to enter MDA-MB-231 cells, enabling them to exert tumor suppressive function. Conclusions: Screening of LGR5 aptamers through MARAS platform can effectively inhibit the function of LGR5 in breast cancer cells. In addition, using LGR5 aptamers as biological
probes loaded with chemotherapy drugs may provide a future strategy for thereapy of breast cancer.
Mechanical properties of steel-plastic grating and its application in fractured rock slope support project
Authors: Wang Yujia
Published: April 2023

Anchor network support is an effective method for rocky slope support, but the defects of metal mesh in anchor network support structure to lead to the decrease of support effect and increase of support cost, which cannot be ignored. In view of the disadvantages of the metal mesh support,
the steel-plastic grid is introduced into the anchor mesh support structure. In order to study the mechanical properties of steel-plastic grating and its application effect in rocky slope support, the influence mechanism of mesh size and node form on the mechanical properties of steel-plastic
grating was studied by indoor experiments, and the feasibility of applying steel-plastic grating to high slope support structure was investigated by field tests. The conclusion of the study shows that the strength is maximum when the mesh size is 1:1 and the force distribution is uniform,
but for the unidirectional force situation, the steel-plastic geogrid with a transverse to longitudinal ratio of 1:1.5 mesh is more economical. The influence law of nodal protrusion on the reinforcing effect of steel-plastic grating. The friction coefficient of the interface of steel-plastic
grating is related to the interface of tendon and soil, and the friction coefficient of the interface is proportional to the mesh size, and the degree of influence of the nodes on the friction resistance is larger, and the larger the nodes, the better the reinforcement effect. The feasibility
of steel-plastic grating applied to high slope support structure provides experience for similar construction projects.
Anticancer effect of miR-124-loaded liposomal nanoparticles on pancreatic cancer progression
Authors: Bian Wuyang , Ma Jinyu , Wang Hao , Dai Tu , Zhou Yongping
Published: April 2023

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a common malignancy that is characterized by strong invasiveness and rapid development. With lack of effective treatments, patients still suffer from poor outcome. In this study, we established liposomal nanoparticles carrying microRNA-124 (Ls/miR-124) and detected their inhibitory effect on PC cells. Ls/miR-124 nanoparticles were prepared and co-cultured with PC cells (Ls/miR-124 group), as some PC cells were treated with pure liposome particles (Ls group), or gemcitabine (gemcitabine group) and some untreated were treated as control group. Flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to determine apoptosis and migration of PC cells. Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 expressions were measured. The Ls/miR-124 nanoparticles presented around 100 nm size at 3:1 molar ratio of DOTAP/Chol, with stable properties and high potential. The fluorescence intensity of the cells in the Ls/miR-124 group and gemcitabine group were higher than Ls and blank groups. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the up-regulation of miR-124 with high transfection efficiency of 85%. Proliferation of cells in each group increased upon culture. Administration of either Ls/miR-124 nanoparticles or gemcitabine significantly decreased PC cell proliferation and increased apoptosis at similar apoptotic rate of 29.76±3.78% and 30.15±3.57. Besides, the Ls/miR-124 and gemcitabine groups had cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase (67.98±3.45%) and exhibited decreased migration of 19.78±2.97% and invaded cells (42.56±6.98%). The expression of Bax in both groups decreased, while expressions of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 increased. In conclusion, administration of Ls/miR-124 nanoparticles decreased cell viability and migration of PC cells, inhibiting cell cycle progression but increasing apoptosis and restraining development of PC.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinase in patients with Alzheimer and mechanism of huangqi granule (astragalus saponins) intervention
Authors: Ma Jinghong , Ping Fumin , Li Junjiao , Wang Ran , Chu Zhaozhen , Zhang Qiannan , Miao Guoying , Li Zhiying
Published: April 2023

This study investigated expression of matrix metalloproteinases in senile dementia patients and mechanism of Huangqi granule intervention. 78 cases of senile dementia patients were selected as observation group from June 2017 to June 2019, while 62 cases of healthy people were enrolled
as control group. Blood samples were collected after admission and levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3,9,13 (MMP-3,9,13) were determined. The observation group was randomly and equally assigned into donepezil hydrochloride group and combined drug group. Mental state examination (MMSE) and
Boston diagnostic aphasia test (BDAE) were used to compare the two groups. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Dementia Scale (HDS) scores, biochemical index levels and drug safety were also used. MMP-2, MMP-9 and urinary plasminogen activator levels in observation group were higher and
ZO-1 was lower than control group along with higher MMP-3,9,13 mRNA levels (p < 0.05) which were reduced after 3 months of treatment. MMSE scale, BDAE, MoCA, and HDS scores in the combined drug group were higher after 3 months of treatment (p < 0.05). The level of NSE (neuron-specific
enolase) was higher and SOD level was lower than in the donepezil hydrochloride group (p < 0.05); nausea and vomiting, muscle spasms, insomnia bradycardia and gastrointestinal bleeding incidence in two groups showed no differences (p > 0.05). The intervention of Huangqi
granules can improve cognitive function of patients, inhibit matrix metalloproteinase, thereby improving the level of biochemical indicators without increasing the incidence of complications.
Harden Insulation Performances of Low Density C/C Composites Imitative from Different Carbon Matrix Precursors
Authors: Shao H. C. , Liu X. C. , Yang J. , Hussain Shahid , Javed Muhammad Sufyan , Liu G. W. , Qiao G. J. , Hashem Mohamed , Alsarani Majed M. , Akhtar Mohammad Shaheer , Fouad Hassan
Published: April 2023

Stuffing the needled carbon felts preform via chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) (propylene as precursor) or resin impregnation/carbonization (phenolic resin as precursor) or combining the two processes results in three types of low-density carbon/carbon composites (LDC/C) with various
carbon matrixes. The performance factors involving density, porosity, thermal conductivity (TC), impurity, compressive strength, composition of three LDC/C composites are investigated systematically. The microstructures of LDC/C composites are analyzed to clarify the relationship between the
performances and preparation process. The density, TC, and compressive strength of resin solution rise with growing CVI time and resin solution concentration, correspondingly. Dual carbon matrix LDC/C composites have greater TC and compressive strength than two single carbon matrix LDC/C composites.
The resin carbon matrix LDC/C composite has greatest ash content of the three, which may be attributable to the considerable quantity of indecomposable impurity originating from the phenolic resin.
Comparative Study on Structural and Optical Properties of Se85Te6Bi9 Nano-Thin Films Synthesized at Disparate Ambient Argon Pressures
Authors: Srivastava Aditya , Akhtar M. Shaheer , Umar Ahmad , Hashem Mohamed , Alsarani Majed M. , Fouad Hassan , Khan Shamshad A.
Published: April 2023

In this research work, we have synthesized amorphous Se85Te6Bi9 Chalcogenide Glasses (ChGs) using Melt Quenching Technique. The glassy nature of the synthesized specimen was confirmed by the DSC thermogram plotted at the heating rate of 20 K/min. The
nano-thin films of such synthesized samples at two disparate working pressures (1 torr and 3 torr) of ambient argon gas were made using the Physical Vapour Condensation Technique on the ultrasonically cleaned glass substrates. During the synthesis process of nano-thin films substrate temperature
(77 K) was kept constant using liquid nitrogen and the thickness of prepared thin films was 40 nm. The morphological analysis of the prepared nanochalcogenide thin films using FESEM confirmed the nanochalcogenide particle size ranges from 20–80 nm. More aggregation and reduction in particle
size on the substrates were observed with an increase in working pressure for Se85Te6Bi9 nano-thin films. HRXRD pattern confirmed the amorphous nature of the synthesized nano-thin films. Based on UV-Visible spectroscopy, the optical parameters such as optical
absorption coefficients, optical direct band gaps and extinction coefficients were measured for synthesized Se85Te6Bi9 nanochalcogenide thin films. The value of absorption coefficients and extinction coefficients increases with the increase of ambient argon
pressure, whereas the value of the optical direct band gap increases with increasing working pressure due to the quantum size effect and dominance of coulombic interactions. The estimated value of optical direct band gaps are 1.37 eV and 1.47 eV at 1 Torr and 3 Torr respectively making our
synthesized nano-thin films a preeminent candidate for solar cell applications and other photonic devices.
Design and Fabrication of Optical Sensors Based on Neodymium (Nd) Doped Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Layer Prepared by Sol–Gel Dip-Coating Method
Authors: Algadi Hassan
Published: April 2023

A high performance and stable UV photodetector with a bsorbant layer of Neodymium (Nd) doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is reported. The Neodymium (Nd) doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer was chractarized with several tools. XRD and FTIR revaled that the crsytal structure
of Neodymium (Nd) doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has changed compared with that of the undoped anatase Titanium dioxide (TiO2). Furthermore, the ultraviolet-visibleand photoluminescence spectrometers reveal that the measured absorption and emission of the hybrid Nd doped
TiO2 layer have significantly enhanced compared with that of the undoped Titanium dioxide (TiO2). In addition. The photodetector based on Neodymium (Nd) doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) shows a low-level dark current (Idark = 0.13 nA), a high-level
light current (Ilight = 15655.6 nA), an ON/OFF ratio (1.2×105), a responsivity (R = 0.32 A/W), and a specific detectivity (D* = 4.2×1012 J). The photoresponsivity (R) of Nd doped TiO2 layer was improved by nearly
3 times in magnitude in comparison with the photoresponsivity of the undoped TiO2 layer PD without the Nd. This result pave the way for utlizing the hybrid Nd doped TiO2 in enhncing performance of optolectronics.
Effect of Stress Ratio on Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of Single Crystal Superalloy
Authors: Tian Fuzheng , Li leyu , Liu Xinling
Published: April 2023

In order to study the impact of different stress ratio on the fatigue crack growth behavior of DD6 single crystal superalloy, the fatigue crack growth rate test of different stress ratio (R = 0.05, 0.2, 0.5, 0.6) at 530 °C was conducted, the influence of stress ratio on crack
growth rate was studied, and the growth of crack extension rate was corrected by normalization method. The results show that the section includes the fatigue fracture section perpendicular to the load and an angle to the load. The flat section is the main section representing the crack extension.
The oblique section is formed with the change of the crack extension load state, and its occurrence is related to the dispersion of (da/dN)−Δk data, reflecting the uniqueness of single crystal. The Paris formula better characterized the crack expansion behavior of DD6 alloy,
and the stress is more sensitive than the crack growth rate in the early stable growth phase. Crack growth rate normalized characterization equation constructed under different stress ratios are predicted to be within the 1.3-fold dispersion band.
circ_0008792 Prevents Against the Deterioration of Thyroid Cancer Through Regulating IGFBP5
Authors: Ai Xiaojiang
Published: April 2023

To detect the expression of circ_0008792 in thyroid cancer (TC) tissues and cell lines, and to explore the regulatory effect of circ_0008792 on TC progression. Relative levels of circ_0008792 and IGFBP5 in TC and paracancerous tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase
chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The influences of circ_0008792 and IGFBP5 on pathology and prognosis of TC patients were analyzed. After intervening circ_0008792 level by transfection, changes in proliferative and migratory abilities of BHP5-16 and TPC cells were analyzed by cell counting kit-8
(CCK-8) and transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between circ_0008792 and IGFBP5 was explored by dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo xenograft model of TC was constructed in nude mice. Co-regulation of circ_0008792 and IGFBP5 on in vitro and In vivo TC progression
was respectively analyzed. circ_0008792 was lowly expressed in TC tissues. TC patients overexpressing circ_0008792 had a relatively well outcome, manifesting as earlier tumor staging, lower rate of lymphatic metastasis and higher overall survival in comparison to whom expressing low level
of circ_0008792. Overexpression of circ_0008792 in TC cells attenuated proliferative and migratory abilities, and knockdown of circ_0008792 yielded the opposite results. IGFBP5 was the target gene binding circ_0008792, which was negatively correlated to circ_0008792 in TC tissues. circ_0008792
overexpression attenuated proliferative and migratory abilities in TC cells, and slowed down In vivo growth of TC by targeting IGFBP5. circ_0008792 is lowly expressed in TC, and its level is correlated to tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis rate and overall survival of TC. It inhibits
proliferative and migratory potentials in TC cells by regulating IGFBP5.
Welding Penetration Research on the Effect of Various Welding Torch Tilt Angles in All-Position Metal Active Gas Arc Welding
Authors: Yin Tie , Zhao Hong , Zhou Lun , Wang Hehe , Wang Xinsheng , Zhang Le
Published: April 2023

An all-position welding experimental platform for pipelines was conducted, and metal active gas arc welding (MAG) was used to study the effect of various welding torch tilt angles on the welding quality. Under the same MAG welding parameters, the single-factor experimental method was
adopted, and different welding torch tilt angles were selected in the welding experiment based on a grade X80 pipeline. In this study, a double ellipsoid heat source model was built, considering different welding torch tilt angles. Based on the model, the effect of various welding torch tilt
angles on the depth and width of the molten pool was investigated in the welding process. The experimental results show that the forward-tilt welding torch had a wider and shallower molten pool compared to the welding torch with backward tilt and perpendicular postures. The research results
suggest that appropriate welding torch tilt angles should be adopted according to the welding technology selected in all-position welding for pipelines, which has important guiding significance for getting better quality weld beads, reducing welding defects, and improving the welding technology.
Preparation and Properties of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Materials Under Specific Conditions
Authors: Zhu Liwen
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the reaction sintering process was used to prepare and conduct experiments on ceramic materials. And the electrical properties and friction properties were analyzed. Density is an important factor affecting the strength of ceramic materials. Generally speaking, the room
temperature performance of ceramic materials has the greatest relationship with the relative density, because pores are the location of stress concentration, which often leads to the reduction of mechanical properties. In this paper, it is found in the preparation experiment that the pore-forming
agent addition amount of about 2% has the best effect. The research results of the friction and wear behavior of ceramic materials show that the load, lubrication conditions and friction pairs greatly affect the friction and wear properties of the materials. The stable friction coefficient
and wear rate of the material both increase with the increase of the load. The water lubrication condition can significantly reduce the wear rate of the material, and the reduction range is two orders of magnitude, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the material. Compared with pure
ceramic materials, reactive sintered composite ceramic materials have more excellent mechanical properties and tribological properties. They are a kind of potential structural ceramic materials and have broader application prospects, which are expected to replace the currently widely used
ceramic materials.
Synoptic Atmospheric Patterns Responsible for Summer Extreme High-Temperature Events over Northern Asia: Evolution, Precursor, and Long-Term Change
Authors: Hong Haixu , Sun Jianqi , Wang Huijun
Published: April 2023

In this study, the synoptic atmospheric patterns responsible for regional extreme high-temperature events (REHEs) over northern Asia (NA) are investigated. First, a hybrid regionalization approach is applied to the daily maximum temperature (Tmax), and three subregions of NA can be identified: western NA, central NA, and southeastern NA. To better understand the mechanism for the NA REHE formation, the REHE-related synoptic circulation patterns over each subregion are further categorized into two types. These six synoptic circulation patterns influence the NA REHE occurrence through different radiation and advection processes. Generally, the radiation process dominates the NA REHE occurrence, while the horizontal temperature advection plays a more important role in the synoptic dipole patterns than in the monopole high patterns. The heatwaves associated with the six synoptic patterns can last more than 3.8 days, with a maximum of 2 weeks. From the forecasting perspective, six wave trains are explored as the precursors of these six synoptic circulation patterns, separately. The wave trains originate from the North Atlantic Ocean and Europe with at least a 3-day lead and then propagate eastward to NA, exerting influences on the pronounced six synoptic circulation patterns and consequently affecting the NA REHEs. In terms of long-term change, the REHEs over the three subregions show significant increasing trends over 1960–2018 and significant interdecadal increases around the mid-1990s, in which the contribution of each synoptic pattern–related REHE is different.
Venous Ulcers: An Unusual Presentation of Iatrogenic Arteriovenous Fistula Caused by Lumbar Disc Surgery
Authors: Aljabri Badr
Published: April 2023

Iatrogenic arteriovenous (AV) fistula is a rare complication of lumbar disc surgery. We report a 38-year-old man who presented with bilateral lower limb venous ulcerations and was diagnosed with an AV fistula from previous L4–L5 laminectomy between the right common iliac artery and left common iliac vein, which was successfully treated using an endovascular stent graft.
Social workers’ migration to the United Kingdom: Comparing social networks, job and life satisfaction post-migration
Authors: Hakak Yohai , Alade Glory , Amponsah Kwaku , Anton Simona , Bosah-Onuh Sophia , Bozorgisaran Gladys , Francis Toks , Onokha Shirley , Willett Lucy , Cheung Kei Long
Published: April 2023

This study explores if and how migrating social workers’ gender, country of origin and time living in the United Kingdom relate to their job and life satisfaction, and to building a new social network post-migration. Online questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were carried out with participants from Australia, Canada, India, Romania, South Africa, the United States and Zimbabwe. We found a statistically significant connection between the length of time in the United Kingdom and satisfaction from working as social workers and living in the United Kingdom. All our participating groups were generally only mildly satisfied professionally, but satisfied with living in the United Kingdom.
Effect of Display Methods on Intentions to Use Virtual Reality in Museum Tourism
Authors: Wang Jinwei , Sun Yue , Zhang Liyan , Zhang Saiyin , Feng Ling , Morrison Alastair M.
Published: April 2023

The application of virtual reality (VR) promises unique visitor experiences in museum tourism; however, the underlying characteristics of the experiences still need to be well-researched. This research used world-famous paintings (Vincent van Gogh’ s The Starry Night and Claude Monet’s Water Lilies) as examples, combining flow theory and Stimulus-Organism-Response framework and using the experimental research method. The findings were: (1) the display methods of museum exhibits affected visitors' flow experience and intention to use VR; (2) flow experience had a significant mediating effect in the main effect, and (3) the familiarity with VR had a moderating effect on flow experience’s mediating effect. The findings enriched the research literature on VR usage and display methods in museums, providing a theoretical reference and strategic suggestions for enterprises developing museum exhibits and applying VR technology.
Adverse Childhood Experiences in Military, Veteran, and Civilian Families
Authors: Hinojosa Melanie Sberna , Hinojosa Ramon , Condon Josalie , DaSilva Sarah
Published: April 2023

Adverse childhood experiences are traumatic early life experiences that can lead to poorer mental, physical, and social outcomes. Children in military and veteran families can face unique challenges compared with civilian families. This study utilizes data from 2017–2019 National Survey of Children’s Health to examine 56,655 children living in military, veteran, and civilian families to predict the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences. Findings indicate that children living in veteran families (compared with civilian families) have higher odds of witnessing parents use violence and witnessing parents with alcohol or substance use problems. Children in military families had higher odds of divorce and lower odds of experiencing parental death. It is also noted that children living in military, veteran, and civilian families are similar across other ACEs including the incarceration of a parent, child as victim of violence, living with family with mental illness, unfair treatment because of race, and difficulty covering basics like food and housing.
Exploring Niche Alteration in Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Mayer Duncan J. , Fischer Robert L.
Published: April 2023

The organizational niche is a concept integral to organizational ecology, reflecting an organization’s mission, expertise, capacity, and resource requirements. The choice of niche is crucial to the viability of the organization; however, the reasons organizations alter their niche are poorly understood. We hypothesize that nonprofit organizations alter their niche to reduce environmental pressure and gain access to resources. The results indicate that niche alteration predicts increases in total revenue with average increases in revenue from program services and contributions (depending on the measure). Additionally, nonprofits that are younger, larger, and have more concentrated revenue, are more likely to alter their niche.
External Validation of the KOOS-ACL in the MOON Group Cohort of Young Athletes Followed for 10 Postoperative Years
Authors: Marmura Hana , Tremblay Paul F. , Bryant Dianne M. , Spindler Kurt P. , Huston Laura J. , Getgood Alan M.J.
Published: April 2023

Background:

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–Anterior Cruciate Ligament (KOOS-ACL) is a short form version of the KOOS, developed to target populations of young active patients with ACL tears. The KOOS-ACL consists of 2 subscales: Function (8 items) and Sport (4 items). The KOOS-ACL was developed and validated using data from the Stability 1 study from baseline to postoperative 2 years.

Purpose:

To validate the KOOS-ACL in an external sample of patients matching the outcome’s target population.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

The Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network group cohort of 839 patients aged 14 to 22 years who tore their ACLs while playing sports was used to assess internal consistency reliability, structural validity, convergent validity, responsiveness to change, and floor/ceiling effects of the KOOS-ACL at 4 time points: baseline and postoperative 2, 6, and 10 years. Detection of treatment effects between graft type (hamstring tendon vs bone–patellar tendon–bone) were also compared between the full-length KOOS and KOOS-ACL.

Results:

The KOOS-ACL demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability (α = .82-.89), structural validity (Tucker-Lewis index and comparative fit index = 0.98-0.99; standardized root mean square residual and root mean square error of approximation = 0.04-0.07), convergent validity (Spearman correlation with International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form = 0.66-0.85; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function = 0.84-0.95), and responsiveness to change across time (large effect sizes from baseline to postoperative 2 years; d = 0.94 [Function] and d = 1.54 [Sport]). Stable scores and significant ceiling effects were seen from 2 to 10 years. No significant differences in KOOS or KOOS-ACL scores were detected between patients with different graft types.

Conclusion:

The KOOS-ACL shows improved structural validity when compared with the full-length KOOS and adequate psychometric properties in a large external sample of high school and college athletes. This strengthens the argument to use the KOOS-ACL to assess young active patients with ACL tears in clinical research and practice.
Outcomes of Open Versus Arthroscopic Treatment of HAGL Tears
Authors: Lee Simon , Krych Aaron J. , Peebles Annalise M. , Rider Danielle , Dekker Travis J. , Arner Justin W. , Ernat Justin J. , Whalen Ryan J. , Provencher Matthew T.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Lesions that involve humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGLs), although less common, are primary contributors to recurrent events of dislocation and subluxation of the glenohumeral joint.

Purpose:

To describe the clinical presentation, examination, and surgical outcomes of patients presenting with HAGL lesions who underwent repair using an arthroscopic or open technique.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A multicenter retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed of skeletally mature patients without glenohumeral arthritis who presented with HAGL lesions and subsequently underwent arthroscopic or open repair between 2005 and 2017. Independent variables included patient characteristics, clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and arthroscopic findings. Dependent variables included pre- and postoperative Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) score, and range of motion outcomes.

Results:

Eighteen patients diagnosed with a HAGL lesion who underwent primary arthroscopic repair (n = 7) or open repair (n = 11) were included. There were 17 male patients and 1 female patient with a mean age of 24.9 years (range, 16-38 years). Mean follow-up duration was 50.9 months (range, 24-160 months). Seventeen patients (94.4%) reported pain as the most common symptom, and 7 (38.9%) reported sensation of instability. Scores significantly improved from pre- to postoperative for the arthroscopic and open groups ( P < .001): SANE (mean ± SD; arthroscopic, 30.7 ± 15.7 to 92.1 ± 12.2; open, 45.5 ± 8.50 to 90.7 ± 5.24) and WOSI (arthroscopic, 51.4 ± 11.4 to 2.49 ± 3.70; open, 45.5 ± 7.37 to 11.5 ± 5.76). The magnitude of improvement in SANE scores was significantly higher for patients treated arthroscopically (Δ60.0; open, Δ46.5; P = .012). Postoperative WOSI scores were also significantly better in the arthroscopic cohort (2.49 ± 3.70; open, 11.5 ± 5.76; P = .00094).

Conclusion:

Symptomatic HAGL tears present primarily with pain as opposed to instability, necessitating a high index of suspicion for injury. The tears may be treated successfully with an arthroscopic or open technique with significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes and stability.
Strength loss and aging life of single-lap CFRP bonded joints under hygrothermal environment
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Zhang Daixin , Xing Ping
Published: April 2023

Strength evolution of CFRP laminates and bonded joints because of moisture absorption was investigated experimentally. Experiments of accelerated moisture absorption under different temperatures, quasi-static tension, and fracture surfaces morphology observations were conducted. Strength loss and failure modes change due to moisture absorption were discussed in detail. An empirical model of predicting strength loss of the CFRP bonded joints due to moisture absorption was presented using a direct and an indirect method. Based on the time-temperature equivalent principle, a new approach of predicting the aging life of the CFRP bonded joints using the laboratory experimental data was proposed. Experimental data from references were extracted to check the strength loss model. The results demonstrated that the strength loss ratio of CFRP bonded joints soaked in 50°C water for 39 days exceeds 27.4%. The large degradation can attribute to the failure modes change from the interfacial failure to the cohesive failure and then return to the interfacial failure. The ratio of strength loss can be predicted by a first order decay exponential equation.
Participant Characteristics as Moderators of the Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Interventions on Concerns About Falling: Secondary Analyses of Two Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kruisbrink Marlot , Zijlstra G.A. Rixt , Crutzen Rik , Dorresteijn Tanja A. C. , Winkens Bjorn , Kempen Gertrudis I. J. M.
Published: April 2023

Effects of interventions may vary among participants. We explored whether participant characteristics were moderators of the effects of two cognitive behavioral interventions on concerns about falling (CaF) in older community-dwelling people. Secondary analyses of two RCTs were performed, concerning the group intervention A Matter of Balance - Netherlands (AMB-NL, n = 540) and individual AMB - Home ( n = 389) intervention. Marginal models were used to assess moderation. Analyses included single moderator and multiple moderator models containing multiple moderators at once. A total of 19 characteristics were assessed. Moderating effects were found for living situation, fall history, symptoms of depression, perceived general health, ADL disability, cognitive status, and consequences of falling—loss of independence subscale. Effects varied by intervention, time point, and type of model.
Machines As Social Entities (MASE) Scale: Validation of a New Scale Measuring Beliefs in the Sociality of Intelligent Machine Agents
Authors: Hong Joo-Wha
Published: April 2023

Researchers examining the social relationship between humans and machine agents have been faced with a series of obstacles, mainly due to the lack of appropriate study tools. To address this need for measurement toolkits, this article examines the development and validation of the Machines As Social Entities (MASE) scale. MASE was created to measure people’s beliefs in machine agents as social entities. Together, the results from a series of studies, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), demonstrate that the MASE is a reliable and valid measure. Potential uses of the scales are then discussed.
Manufacturing informality. Global production networks and the reproduction of informalized labour regimes in Europe’s peripheries
Authors: Bagnardi Francesco
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the drivers of informal employment persistence in Global Production Networks. Building on a structuralist perspective, it reframes informalization as a tool of labour control and argues that informalization – while influenced by structural economic pressures and local socio-institutional contexts – is ultimately shaped by the employer-employee relations at the workplace. Drawing on Global Production Networks analysis and Labour Process Theory, the paper builds a novel extended structuralist approach to investigate the reproduction of informalization in the garment-footwear production networks in Italy and Albania. Through a multi-sited qualitative fieldwork, the paper shows that informalization dynamics persist as a response to competitive structural pressures only as long as workers are unable or unwilling to resist them. Yet, the situated bargaining power relations at each node of the chain crucially determine the predominant forms of informalization leading to either coercive and despotic, or hegemonic and negotiated, informalized workplace regimes.
Ambulance clinicians’ responsibility when encountering patients in a suicidal process
Authors: Hammarbäck Staffan , Holmberg Mats , Wiklund Gustin Lena , Bremer Anders
Published: April 2023

Background

Even though the traditional focus in emergency care is on life-threatening medical crisis, ambulance clinicians frequently encounter patients with mental illness, including suicidal ideation. A suicide is preceded by a complex process where most of the suicidal ideation is invisible to others. However, as most patients seek healthcare in the year before suicide, ambulance clinicians could have an important part to play in preventing suicide, as they encounter patients in different phases of the suicidal process.

Aim

The aim of this study was to describe ambulance clinicians’ conceptions of responsibility when encountering patients in a suicidal process.

Research design

A qualitative inductive design using a phenomenographic approach was used.

Participants and research context

Twenty-seven ambulance clinicians from two regions in southern Sweden were interviewed.

Ethical considerations

The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority.

Findings

Three categories of descriptions captured a movement from responding to a biological being to responding to a social being. Conventional responsibility was perceived as a primary responsibility for emergency care. In conditional responsibility, the patient’s mental illness was given only limited importance and only if certain conditions were met. Ethical responsibility was perceived to have its primary focus on the encounter with the patient and listening to the patient’s life story.

Conclusions

An ethical responsibility is favourable regarding suicide prevention in ambulance care, and competence development in mental illness and conversation skills could enable ambulance clinicians to have conversations with patients about suicidal ideation.
Sacituzumab Govitecan as a Second-Line Treatment in Relapsed/Refractory Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kathpalia Meghavi , Sharma Anurag , Kaur Navkiran
Published: April 2023

Background:

Chemotherapy, the only treatment option for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), showed decreased survival rates. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) could be a possible target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).

Objective:

Sacituzumab govitecan (SG), an anti-Trop-2 ADC for pretreating relapsed/refractory mTNBC patients, was studied to know the efficacy and safety profile of the drug in mTNBC.

Methods:

The present review searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), WHO Clinical Trial Registry, Clinical Trials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until December 25, 2022. The studies searched comprised randomized trials and observational studies (retrospective [case-control, cross-sectional] and prospective [cohort designs]). Efficacy assessment was performed in terms of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), objective response rate (ORR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD), and clinical benefit rate (CBR), and safety in terms of adverse events.

Results:

The overall random-effects pooled prevalence of CR was 4.9 (95% CI: 3.2-7.1), PR was 35.6 (95% CI: 31.5-39.9), ORR was 6.8 (95% CI: 5.9-7.8), SD was 8.0 (95% CI: 6.7-9.4), PD was 5.1 (95% CI: 4.1-6.3), and CBR was 13.4 (95% CI: 11.8-15.1). Adverse events associated with the drug were neutropenia, fatigue, anemia, nausea, and others.

Conclusion and Relevance:

This is the first meta-analysis conducted in relapsed/refractory mTNBC patients and found that SG is efficacious but associated with some adverse effects that are related to exposure to the drug. The application of these results will allow clinicians to use SG in the management of patients with mTNBC.
Management of spontaneous coronary artery dissection: Trends over time
Authors: Feldbaum Elliot , Thompson Elizabeth W , Cook Tessa S , Sanghavi Monika , Wilensky Robert L , Fiorilli Paul N , Lewey Jennifer
Published: April 2023

Background:

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome. Guidance regarding the optimal management of patients with SCAD has been published over the past 10 years, but the impact on clinical practice has not been evaluated. The present study aims to examine if approaches to invasive management, medical therapy, and vascular imaging have changed over time.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study of 157 patients treated for SCAD between 2005 and 2019 at an academic health system in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We aimed to examine change in management over time, including rates of coronary revascularization, discharge medications, and vascular imaging.

Results:

Conservative management of SCAD increased over time from 35% before 2013 to 89% in 2019, p < 0.001. Revascularization was associated with younger age, pregnancy-associated SCAD, and lesions of the left main artery, left anterior descending artery, and multiple vessels, p < 0.05 for all. Partial imaging for extracoronary vascular abnormalities ranged from 33% before 2013 to 71% in 2018, p = 0.146. The rate of comprehensive vascular imaging (cross-sectional head to pelvis imaging) remained low in all time categories (10–18%) and did not change over time. Patients who underwent comprehensive imaging were more likely to be diagnosed with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) compared to those with partial imaging (63% vs 15%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Management of spontaneous coronary artery dissection has changed over time. More patients are being managed conservatively and undergo screening for extracoronary vascular abnormalities such as FMD. Future efforts should focus on improving rates of comprehensive vascular screening.
Selling feminist stories: Popular feminism, authenticity and happiness
Authors: Lauri Johanna , Lauri Marcus
Published: April 2023

By interviewing Swedish feminist activists who sell commodities to serve feminist purposes, this study focuses on how they articulate their engagement and make it intelligible. To untangle how articulations about feminist businesses may stabilise, reshape and challenge feminist values and engagement, we use theories of popular feminism alongside discourse theory to capture its contingencies. The analysis shows that, rather than enhancing sales by the use of feminism, the interviewees articulate an interest in spreading feminism through the sale of commodities. They understand their commodities to be ‘authentic’ and ‘truly’ feminist, thereby distancing themselves from corporations that use feminism to brand their products. However, this aligns precisely with the dominant contemporary corporate branding discourse of authenticity, understood as untainted by capitalism. The interviewees want to provide their customers with confidence, a dominant trait of popular feminism, through the display of feminist expression. A quest for visibility tends to absorb political aspects, which is further illustrated in the expressed wish to avoid an aggressive, provocative or explicitly political address. Understanding popular feminism as a discursive struggle, we conclude that the domination of a happy, confidence-building feminism will render more confrontational and radical versions of feminism less visible.
The body as theme and tool of artivism in young people
Authors: Martins João Carlos Figueira , Campos Ricardo Marnoto de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

The body occupies a prominent place in the social sciences literature, where it is understood to be an important social marker. The body is either used to classify and supervise individuals and certain social groups, or as a tool for individual agency. The body might, for this reason, be conceived as a political device in the sense that the structures of power and dominant groups have always applied methods or control, surveillance and regulation over it. Thus, several social groups have, throughout history, been stigmatised, diminished or supervised based on their skin colour, gender or sexual orientation. Equally, the body also functions as a tool of resistance, disruption and afront to the ruling norms and the status quo. In this article, we base our arguments on research developed in Portugal on young people’s activism and citizenhood. Our project focussed on creative forms of engaged citizenship and political participation encompassing a range of practices, particularly in the context of artivism. This article is based on interviews conducted with young artivists, focussing on the way in which the body assumes a central role in their political efforts and artistic practices. We have concluded that it occupies a prominent place in their discourses, becoming either a source of inspiration or a tool for their artivist endeavours.
Atypical mucosal lesions may help in the early diagnosis of monkeypox
Authors: He Yijia , Wang Bin , Zeng Linxi , Zhang Guoqiang
Published: April 2023

Since May 2022, monkeypox has been gradually spreading across countries. In past reports and treatment consensus, monkeypox is most widely known for its characteristic skin lesions, which are hard, spherical rashes that appear as herpes and pustules and are widely distributed centrifugally over all parts of the body. Prior to the appearance of the rash, carriers of monkeypox are likely to spread the virus to more susceptible people. Attention to the early atypical mucosal manifestations of monkeypox allows for early identification of potential cases of monkeypox, thereby controlling the further spread of the epidemic.
Cannabis, research ethics, and a duty of care
Authors: Wheeldon Johannes , Heidt Jon
Published: April 2023

Despite growing evidence to the contrary, researchers continue to posit causal links between cannabis, crime, psychosis, and violence. These spurious connections are rooted in history and fueled decades of structural limitations that shaped how researchers studied cannabis. Until recently, research in this area was explicitly funded to link cannabis use and harm and ignore any potential benefits. Post-prohibition cannabis research has failed to replicate the dire findings of the past. This article outlines how the history of controlling cannabis research has led to various harms, injustices, and ethical complications. We compare commonly cited research from both the prohibition and post-prohibition eras and argue that many popular claims about the dangers of cannabis are the result of ethical lapses by researchers, journals, and funders. We propose researchers in this area adopt a duty of care in cannabis research going forward. This would oblige individual researchers to establish robust research designs, employ careful analytic strategies, and acknowledge limitations in more detail. This duty involves the institutional recognition by funders, journals, and others that cannabis research has been deliberately misconstrued to criminalize, stigmatize, and pathologize.
Crises and opportunities in the Western Balkans
Authors: Jakimovska Katerina
Published: April 2023

The 2020s have got off to quite a rocky start globally, and especially for Europeans. The ongoing crises, beginning with the Covid-19 pandemic, and followed by the Russian aggression against Ukraine, rising inflation and the energy crisis, have created an atmosphere of continual instability and uncertainty for European citizens. The Western Balkans region, in the EU’s immediate neighbourhood and geographically close to Ukraine, has also been affected by all these challenges. This article examines the current most pressing issues in the region and the possible outcomes of them. As the countries in the region (i.e. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo,1 North Macedonia and Serbia) are all aspiring EU members, this piece seeks to explore the possibility of addressing the current challenges and the role of the EU as a catalyst in this process.
The importance of regional EU member states in the Berlin Process: The guided integration of the Western Balkans
Authors: Ginali Ardit
Published: April 2023

The Berlin Process offers the most significant and institutionalised roadmap for the integration of the Western Balkans into the EU. The direct involvement of EU institutions and member states, especially Germany and France, in the Process has transformed it into a trustworthy path to integration. The countries of the Western Balkans are still facing many difficulties and need to undertake serious reforms, especially in the fields of the fight against corruption and enforcing the rule of law. In this regard, the involvement of Croatia, Slovenia, Czechia, Poland and Austria in the Process should act as a catalyst for reform. The aforementioned states will become an important obstacle to increased Russian interference in the region as they have a clear mandate from the main driving forces of the EU, namely Germany, France and the Brussels-based EU institutions.
Compressive lesions of the head and neck: Common and uncommon must-know entities
Authors: Vilanilam George K , Gopal Neethu , Middlebrooks Erik H , Huang Josephine F , Bhatt Alok A
Published: April 2023

There are many lesions that cause compression of nerves and vessels in the head and neck, and they can often be overlooked in the absence of adequate history or if not suspected by the radiologist. Many of these lesions require a high index of suspicion and optimal positioning for imaging. While a multimodality approach is critical in the evaluation of compressive lesions, an MRI utilizing high-resolution (heavily weighted) T2-weighted sequence is extremely useful as a starting point. In this review, we aim to discuss the radiological features of the common and uncommon compressive lesions of the head and neck which are broadly categorized into vascular, osseous, and miscellaneous etiologies.