bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lundegårde-gravpladsen fra yngre jernalder
Authors: Marseen Oscar
Published: February 2022

The Lundegaarde cemetery from the Late Roman Iron Age The Late Roman Iron-Age cemetery at Lundegaarde (Nøvling parish, East Himmerland) lies on the top of a hill between three Bronze-Age tumuli. Excavation, by the author for Aalborg Historical Museum, began in summer 1963 and will be continued, as burials from the Late Roman Iron Age have hitherto been a rarity in Himmerland, whereas those from the preceding period are common. The reason for this may be that Early Roman Iron-Age graves are set with large stones, whereas the Late Roman Iron-Age graves are almost stonefree and therefore more easily overlooked.This preliminary account is therefore only given to provide an archeological basis for the subsequent discussion of the runic inscription on the rosette fibula found in Grave 4 (Fig. 3).This grave was, exceptionally, surrounded by stones, leaning inward against each other and almost roofing the grave. Slight traces of the body showed that it lay outstretched on its back, with head to the west. Strings of beads at each shoulder must have been borne over the shoulder, as they lay under and over the bones. That on the right was of 48 amber beads, and that on the left of 91 glass and 32 amber beads. Two small silver fibulae, too corroded to be typed, lay by the left shoulder, and the rosette fibula, of silver with gold inlay on the rosettes and the band above the sheath lay by the right shoulder. After conservation it could be seen that the broad pin-sheath bore a runic inscription.The other contents of the grave were two decorated pottery vessels (Fig. 4), fragments of a knife with oval silver pommel, a single-edged iron knife and a bronze dipper or sieve.The rosette fibula is of a special Scandinavian type which seems to have been most common in the beginning of the Third Century AD but known and used until the end of the century 3). Three other specimens with runic inscriptions are known, all from rich earth-graves at Himlingøje, Værløse and Næsbjerg. The Lundegaarde fibula is of the same type as that from Himlingøje, and resembles another newly found at the Gammel Hasseris grave! pit near Aalborg (Fig. 5).The pottery from Grave 4 belongs in both shape and ornamentation to a North Jutland pottery group with South Norwegian affiliations, which is dated by Mackeprang to the Third Century A. D. 4). Pottery from all other graves in the cemetery is of the same type and date, with the exception of one cremation of Early Germanic Iron-Age date.Oscar Marseen
Johannes Brøndsted
Authors: Jensen Ole Klindt
Published: February 2022

JOHANNES BRØNDSTED Johannes Brøndsted gave the Jutland Archaeological Society his whole-hearted support and was an active participant from its inauguration. With due reason his advice was sought, for his talent and energy had been applied to so many ventures: Acta Archaeologica became, under his direction, a leading journal. He began an inspired teaching of archaeology in 1930 and in 1941 became the first professor of archaeology at Copenhagens University. Until then he had worked for the National Museum, also for its new image, and returned in 1951 as Director, to become the first Rigsantikvar in 1958.Much of this was new ground, but it seemed natural to his personality. He was the obvious and elegant host at the National Museum's Anniversary in 1957 and could both describe 150 eventful years and point to the most recent advances with a vision of the future.Brøndsted was best known as a writer and scholar. He mastered the art of writing clearly and interestingly. In his youth, he made penetrating studies of art in the Viking period -a study which earned him his doctorate in 1920 (published in an enlarged version in English in 1924 with the title 'Early English Ornament'). Since then he has written erudite and lively books on the Vikings developing his ideas.The vast material of Danish antiquity was collected by him in a comprehensive and easily read work -'Danmarks Oldtid' I-III, 1938-40, which is now in its 3rd edition. It was a great achievement to collect all this dispersed information in a great depiction of our early history. How large a material this is, can best be appreciated by comparing it with Worsaae's hook of the same name from 1843 and Sophus Müllers 'Vor Oldtid' from 1897. All three are imbued with the same enthusiasm and have given rise to further studies.Johannes Brøndsted died on 16th November, 1965, leaving a gap in Danish archaeology, of which he took so important a part. His style was both measured and warmly eloquent. He was a brilliant combination of a genuine Dane and a learned classicist. He had the assuredness home of a deep family background and spoke often of his childhood home and of his grandparents', but not less vividly of the early communities, transformed through thousands of years of contact with the Danish countryside, which was the background also for his own family.Ole Klindt-Jensen.
Cambios ambientales detectados por dendrogeomorfología y la liquenometría para el análisis de avenidas torrenciales en sistemas fluviales
Authors: Díez Herrero Andrés , Ballesteros Cánovas Juan Antonio , Génova Fuster María Mar , Pérez López Raúl , Garrote Revilla Julio
Published: February 2022

El análisis de la frecuencia y magnitud de las avenidas torrenciales en los sistemas fluviales puede utilizar diferentes fuentes de datos: meteorológicas, hidrológicas, histórico-documentales, geológico-geomorfológicas y botánicas. Entre estas últimas, el potencial de la dendrogeomorfología para la reconstrucción de avenidas en sistemas fluviales torrenciales ha sido ya demostrado en la bibliografía especializada; sin embargo, los estudios que combinan otras técnicas de aproximación como la liquenometría son comparativamente menos abundantes; y muy pocos estudios han cuestionado las ventajas y desventajas de aplicación de estas técnicas en estos ambientes fluviales tan particulares. Por ello, en el presente trabajo, además de discutir las ventajas y limitaciones del uso de la dendrogeomorfología y la liquenometría en el análisis de avenidas torrenciales, se muestran ejemplos de aplicación en diferentes sistemas fluviales para disponer de información complementaria e incluso alternativa a las fuentes clásicas.
El fundamento metodológico de las fuentes de datos botánicas se basa en que los cambios ambientales periódicos de carácter estacional generan en la flora una serie de elementos anatómicos que, en el caso de determinadas especies arbustivas y arbóreas en climas de estaciones contrastadas, se manifiestan en secuencias de anillos de crecimiento en raíces, troncos y ramas (estudiadas por la dendrocronología); y en el caso de determinadas especies de líquenes crustáceos, en el crecimiento progresivo de los talos (estudiadas por la liquenometría). Los resultados obtenidos son dataciones de eventos y mediciones de paleoniveles, área inundada, tiempo de permanencia, calados, velocidades y caudales generadores que pueden ser utilizados para el estudio de las avenidas torrenciales, permitiendo mejorar el análisis de frecuencias y la cuantificación de las magnitudes de avenidas pretéritas. Por otro lado, las variaciones interanuales de esos cambios ambientales (secuencias de años secos o húmedos, fríos o cálidos, variaciones en la insolación, plagas y epidemias, interferencia antrópica…) pueden ser una limitación a este uso en el análisis de avenidas, dado que requieren procesos previos de filtrado de la señal climática y ambiental para la identificación de las perturbaciones, mediante el establecimiento de series de referencia o patrón, o el desarrollo de curvas de crecimiento liquenométrico. Sin embargo, las ventajas y aportaciones de estas fuentes de datos y técnicas superan con creces las limitaciones metodológicas, lo que las convierte en un prometedor campo de estudio de los cambios ambientales en los sistemas fluviales.
Rokasgrāmata notekūdeņu dūņu apsaimniekotājiem
Authors: Dejus Sanda
Published: February 2022

In terms of biological wastewater treatment processes used for the treatment of municipal wastewater excess activated sludge is inevitably generated, which needs to be removed from the wastewater treatment process and must be properly processed, recycled, and disposed of. The handbook provides information on wastewater and sewage sludge management techniques, treatment and recycling technologies, various possible alternative solutions to ensure the high quality, economic and environmentally friendly management of it. The handbook is developed on the basis of the technical solutions and economic calculations included in the national planning document “Sewage Sludge Management Strategy in Latvia” (project), resulting from an analysis of the existing situation in terms of the project “Implementation of River Basin Management Plans of Latvian towards good surface water status” (LIFE18 IPE/LV/000014 - LIFE GOODWATER IP) that are included in the deliverables of the project.
Achieving Self-Sustainability of Venture Capital Market in Latvia
Authors: Matisone Anita
Published: February 2022

The research carried out in the Thesis aimed to identify the conditions necessary to achieve a self-sustaining venture capital (VC) market capable of organic growth and to develop a model for beneficial state support for the market. During the study, the characteristics of a self-sustaining VC market were identified, an assessment of the self-sufficiency of the Latvian VC market was carried out, and the factors affecting the market and having a substantial impact in Latvia and similar countries were identified. A model for the development of a self-sufficient VC market was elaborated.
Motivation for Recreational Exercise in Relation to Gender and Age Differences
Authors: Đedović Damir , Novaković Rijad , Čolakhodžić Ekrem , Popo Almir
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research is to identify the motivational structure of recreational exercisers and to investigate differences in motivation with respect to gender, ie to determine the hierarchy of motives for which they choose recreational exercise. This research shows that the strongest motivation for recreational exercise is maintaining and improving health, and certainly relaxation. After them, the most important motivation is socializing and meeting new people, and improving and maintaining physical ability. The research also showed that there are very small differences in the motives for exercise in relation to the age of the respondents, and they are reflected in good looks and fun, while relaxation and relaxation and improvement and maintenance of physical ability are equally important for all ages.
Reinventando la comunicación en la industria de la moda durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Jing , Tan Jun , Díaz Soloaga Paloma
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: La crisis generada por la pandemia Covid-19 ha puesto a prueba la capacidad de respuesta de la industria de la moda. Sin embargo, Loewe logró incrementar sus ventas y se convirtió en la única marca española que aumentó su valor de marca. Este crecimiento se debe en gran medida a la reinvención del uso de las herramientas de comunicación y el cambio de la orientación de su estrategia audiovisual. El objetivo principal de la investigación consiste en el estudio de las estrategias utilizadas por la marca en su esfuerzo por reinventarse durante la pandemia.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Se decidió recurrir a una metodología cuantitativa, de corte descriptivo para un primer acercamiento a la marca, y se completó con algunos ejemplos cualitativos para ilustrar las conclusiones. Seleccionamos las publicaciones en sus redes sociales entre enero de 2019 y enero de 2021 para hacer la investigación.

Resultados: Aun habiendo sufrido el impacto de la COVID-19, Loewe ha sabido aprovechar esta crisis para reinventarse y continuar en la vanguardia del sector de la moda, usando las redes sociales para innovar y co-crear la marca junto al usuario. Se concluye el artículo con la propuesta de un modelo teórico que ilustra el nuevo modo de creación de valor, para una marca de moda de lujo.

Limitaciones: La investigación se limita al análisis de los datos de un solo año, lo que no termina de ser suficiente para ver con precisión los resultados del proceso de reinvención iniciado por Jonathan Anderson. El estudio carece del análisis de la retroalimentación de los consumidores en escenarios digitales.

Originalidad/Contribución: El trabajo tiene una gran originalidad en la investigación de la estrategia de marca de moda en la crisis de Covid-19.
IDENTITY OF THE ACEHNESE SOCIETY IN THE COMMERCIAL DIASPORA OF GROCERY STORE IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad
Published: February 2022

This journal contains the identity of the Aceh people in diaspora of grocery store (Kedai Runcit) in Malaysia. Diaspora plays a role in the establishment of a cosmopolitan commercial culture. The spread of humans from various parts of the earth to other parts of the world, meeting each other, communicating, forming networks, is ultimately a meeting between cultures, mutual appreciate, mutual respect, and mingling. Given that interaction between people is one of the important factors in strengthening relations between countries. The Indonesian diaspora is also expected to strengthen bilateral relations between Indonesia and Malaysia. The form of actualization of the runcit diaspora is a type of commerce that is easy to engage and can contribute to development. The study of these findings is focused on a review of the cultural identity of the Acehnese society in the grocery store diaspora in Malaysia. Among the Diaspora minorities in Malaysia, there are a small number of Acehnese migrants after the conflict and post-tsunami. Malaysia is known as the second multi-ethnic country after Singapore in the Southeast Asian Region. Researchers would look for samples of Acehnese people who have succeeded in creating new communities among ethnic communities, local Malays, ethnic Chinese, ethnic Indians who are the majority in Malaysia. Researchers would use the method of Literature Review and Netnography interview in data collection. The sample taken was Acehnese people who live or have a grocery store in Malaysia. The results of this research found that it is true that there is a diaspora process between the Acehnese people in Malaysia through commerce.KEYWORDS: Diaspora, Identity, Commerce, Grocery Store, Malaysia
DANCE AND ITS POTENTIALS: IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF THE CALABAR CARNIVAL OF SOUTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: ODUNZE Josephine Awele
Published: February 2022

Carnivals situate a state or nation in the global cultural map, for their especial merit of fostering for the host community, economic advancement and a healthier international profile in the diplomatic comity. The present study engages the relevance of the Calabar Carnival beyond the realms of entertainment and tourism, but as a politico-cultural agent in the global environment where diplomacy conditions the reputation, acceptability, and sometimes fortunes of nations. In a multicultural nation like Nigeria, where autonomous ethnic identity is an intense superstructure of indigenous beliefs, dressing, cuisine, and native performance; cultural diplomacy can play a significant role in regulating intercultural relations. Culture therefore, can play a nationalistic function as a unifier of divergent interests and orientations, especially within the thematic and logistical organisation of festivals and carnivals, and the touristic benefits they have for diplomatic intentions. The Calabar Carnival represents that nationalistic intent to explore and promote the objective of cultural diplomacy, both on the national and international frontier. The objective of the present study consequently, is two-fold. Firstly, to analyse the sociocultural implications of the Calabar carnival on the national polity, such that it validates the carnival's potentials in economic and touristic development. Secondly, to discuss the logistical and ideational challenges of hosting the Carnival, as well as possible ways of ameliorating them. The study takes its foundation in the theory of diplomacy, which submits that the more we meet people through trade and other platforms the more we outsource and propagate our native culture, values and ideas. The study employs the participant-observation, interview method, and content analysis of relevant literature, to pursue its objectives.KEYWORDS: Dance, Potentials, Implications, Challenges, Calabar, Carnival, Nigeria
“I STAND ON THE RIGHT SIDE”: A WAR OF SOCIAL MEDIA AVATARS IN THE 2014 INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN
Authors: Gunawan Iwan , Alkatiri Zeffry , Wibowo FX. Catur Satria Aji
Published: February 2022

The development of social media in the realm of democracy through internet technology has been used by numerous groups for various purposes. A number of software programs with their applications make it easier for someone to produce countless content on social media. One of the functions of such programs is to create different images in relation to the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. In the 2014 presidential election, there was a rivalry between the two groups of voters who attacked each other using various image products through social media. Those supporting Joko Widodo (Jokowi) created a campaign image in the form of an avatar template containing the number “2” with the words "I Stand on the Right Side". The image then went viral and was responded to by the voters for the presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto with a variety of contending images. This research documents and analyzes the various images created and circulated during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, as well as reconstructing the conflict between the two groups of voters in the presidential election in the context of Indonesian democracy, which was still in its development. Data was collected from various websites and social media from May to October 2017. This research was conducted through historical methods. Meanwhile, in examining the various images, this research used a visual communication approach to graphic design.KEYWORDS: Avatar Meme, Presidential Campaign, Social Media
TRAVEL, GRIEF AND FIGHT: COMPUTATIONAL TRACING OF FEMALE WORKS IN THE DUTCH EAST INDIES LITERATURE
Authors: Astari Amalia Putri
Published: February 2022

In the canon of the Dutch Indies literature, the works of female writers are sometimes overlooked. Mainly when it appears in the early period of the Dutch colonial period, the central issue and genre in most of the literary works are frequently written by male authors through a masculine colonial perspective. This paper explores the works of female authors in the period of the Dutch East Indies (1800-1942) using two computational tools. The aim is to examine the most common themes that are appeared in the female authors' works throughout this long period. Using two computational tools, Stylo and Antconc, this paper reveals genre closeness and the most common themes that are appeared in twelve Dutch East Indies female novels which are collected from dbnl.org. Based on the cluster analysis, this paper divides the novels into four different clusters. More over the computational analysis also shows the three main themes; exploration, disadvantages of being a repressed group, and fighting against the oppressed. The use of extensive digital data in this research gives an alternative for literary researchers to find an alternative way of doing their research during this pandemic time, which makes the physical visit to the library limited. It also gives an alternative in the literature field to combine this discipline with computational tools.KEYWORDS: Indies literature, female literature, computational literary studies, digital humanities.
THE TEMPEST FROM COLONIAL AND POSTCOLONIAL LENS
Authors: Mohammadi Amirmohammad
Published: February 2022

The paper focuses on how the colonizers who in this play are Prospero and Miranda in particular, endeavor to inflict their own socio-cultural precept including their language to make the colonized fully unprotected in The Tempest as a colonial play, but eventually fail to fulfill this attempt. In addition, the high importance of learning the language of the colonizer by the colonized gets illuminated which finally contributes to Caliban so as to undermine the roots of the colonizer in the colony. This article fully evaluates affected literary works by The Tempest, the importance of transferring the colonizer’s language to the colony, and the main colonizer and his manners and attitudes towards the colonized; it also brings forth postcolonial concepts including Mimicry, Orientalism, the double consciousness of the colonized and his unhomeliness. Furthermore, it features the dirge situation of mimic men who come across a disappointing dead end from both colonizers and the colonized. After all, this article reflects on the ever-presence of ambivalence and mimicry in colonial discourse and also the vital importance of violence as an inseparable part of the decolonization.KEYWORDS: Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Ambivalence, Mimicry, Language, Violence
TONARIGUMI’S ROLE AS A HABIT-FORMING MEDIA IN JAVANESE SOCIETY (1942-1945)
Authors: Ramadhan Afghani Trisna , Wulandari Endah Hayuni
Published: February 2022

At the beginning of the collapse of Dutch’s rule in Indonesia, Japan took advantage of the crisis to take over Dutch’s rule. The Japanese made various propaganda efforts, such as forming propagandist organisations and broadcasting good framing about Japan. The Japanese used Tonarigumi to help spread propaganda to Javanese people. Besides, tonarigumi also played a role in becoming an arena for changing habits in the culture of the people on Java Island. This article will explain the role of tonarigumi as a propaganda helper and the habits formed by the propaganda spread by the Japanese. This study uses historical research methods with systematic models. The problem analysis will use habitus theory which is first imitated by Pierre Bourdieu and developed by B. Takwin. The result of this study is that tonarigumi acted as a bridge that connects propagandist organisations and the government with the community and actively acting as a mobiliser for Javanese customs. From the role performed, the community has established habits such as saving and increasing the use of regional languages. The habits of people who were previously accustomed to the use of Dutch were eventually replaced by regional languages and Japanese.KEYWORDS: tonarigumi, propaganda, Japanese government, propagandist organisations, habits.
"MONUMENT WARS" THE DESTRUCTION OF VAN HEUTSZ MONUMENT IN BATAVIA
Authors: Brahmantyo Kresno
Published: February 2022

Monument Wars or the destruction of monuments is part of decolonization in various parts of the world. Monument Wars then occur almost in some countries in the world, ranging from Europe, America and Australia. In Indonesia the destruction of the monument with anti-colonialism pretext also occurred since the colonial period to independence. Monuments, sites or material cultural relics from the past were regerded as (collective) memory regarding the power struggle, national identity or the formation of the nation's character. The monument provides an opportunity for archaeologists and historians to delve the meaning of history behind the monuments. The monument as a material culture considered as a text so that the meaning is open to be interpreted. With the study of historical methods and and material culture, the monument considered no different from the archive. This study will examined the destruction of Van Heutsz Monument in Batavia as well as the vandalism occurred in the similar monument in Amsterdam as part of the monument wars. Visual narratives of how a monumet has the meaning of those established it and have different meanings for the next generation will also be examined.KEYWORDS: Monument wars, monument, decolonisation, material culture, history
POLICING IN NEW NORMAL ERA: A CASE STUDY OF BINMAS NOKEN IN PAPUA
Authors: Sudarto Eko
Published: February 2022

Covid-19 pandemic has made us realize how importance science (technology) is in guiding the policy and honesty value making and also the effective and efficient government. Presidential Directive Number 9 year of 2020 is a new design and action plan of Welfare Development Acceleration in Papua and West Papua provinces in the spirit of special autonomy transformation. Indonesian Police is one of the nation tools which matches to their task to control government policies according to Chapter 34 of Presidential Directive Number 9/2020 where the essence of the main task of Indonesian Police (Papua Provincial Police in this context) are: Public Order and Maintenance, Soft Approach Policing, Law Enforcement. The operation activity of Indonesian Police’s Binmas Noken is in line with Presidential Directive Number 9/2020 and Presidential Decision Number 20/2020. Papua Provincial Police employed soft approach policing through Binmas Noken program collaborating with local government in each district. The final target is the productive community with various welfare fulfilling activities so that they do not think about building the ideology to oppose the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.KEYWORDS: Pandemic, Binmas Noken, Papua Development
Pedagogy of Antiracist Best Practices for Finnish Schools
Authors: Alemanji Aminkeng A
Published: February 2022

Finland is widely said to have the best, or one of the best, educational systems in the world. This debatable view hides a lot of weaknesses and shortcomings, especially regarding issues around racism and discrimination. In Finland, issues of race, racism and other forms of discrimination
are often hidden, silenced and ignored. This makes it difficult to establish an antiracist culture, both at policy and practical levels. Despite existing constraints, antiracism education in Finland remains a slowly developing—but inevitable and essential—component of/for Finnish
education. This paper aims to introduce teachers to some best practices in antiracism education across different pedagogical practices.
Pupil diameter is not an accurate real-time readout of locus coeruleus activity
Authors: Megemont Marine , McBurney-Lin Jim , Yang Hongdian
Published: February 2022

Pupil diameter is often treated as a noninvasive readout of activity in the locus coeruleus (LC). However, how accurately it can be used to index LC activity is not known. To address this question, we established a graded relationship between pupil size changes and LC spiking activity in mice, where pupil dilation increased monotonically with the number of LC spikes. However, this relationship exists with substantial variability such that pupil diameter can only be used to accurately predict a small fraction of LC activity on a moment-by-moment basis. In addition, pupil exhibited large session-to-session fluctuations in response to identical optical stimulation in the LC. The variations in the pupil–LC relationship were strongly correlated with decision bias-related behavioral variables. Together, our data show that substantial variability exists in an overall graded relationship between pupil diameter and LC activity, and further suggest that the pupil–LC relationship is dynamically modulated by brain states, supporting and extending our previous findings (Yang et al., 2021).
Broca's cerebral asymmetry reflects gestural communication's lateralisation in monkeys (Papio anubis)
Authors: Becker Yannick , Claidière Nicolas , Margiotoudi Konstantina , Marie Damien , Roth Muriel , Nazarian Bruno , Anton Jean-Luc , Coulon Olivier , Meguerditchian Adrien
Published: February 2022

Manual gestures and speech recruit a common neural network, involving Broca’s area in the left hemisphere. Such speech-gesture integration gave rise to theories on the critical role of manual gesturing in the origin of language. Within this evolutionary framework, research on gestural communication in our closer primate relatives has received renewed attention for investigating its potential language-like features. Here, using in vivo anatomical MRI in 50 baboons, we found that communicative gesturing is related to Broca homologue’s marker in monkeys, namely the ventral portion of the Inferior Arcuate sulcus (IA sulcus). In fact, both direction and degree of gestural communication’s handedness – but not handedness for object manipulation are associated and correlated with contralateral depth asymmetry at this exact IA sulcus portion. In other words, baboons that prefer to communicate with their right hand have a deeper left-than-right IA sulcus, than those preferring to communicate with their left hand and vice versa. Interestingly, in contrast to handedness for object manipulation, gestural communication’s lateralisation is not associated to the Central sulcus depth asymmetry, suggesting a double dissociation of handedness’ types between manipulative action and gestural communication. It is thus not excluded that this specific gestural lateralisation signature within the baboons’ frontal cortex might reflect a phylogenetical continuity with language-related Broca lateralisation in humans.
Complex onsets and coda markedness in Persian
Authors: Krämer Martin
Published: February 2022

This paper argues for the Coda Condition to be a universal set of violable constraints on the basis of new vowel epenthesis data from Persian (Farsi). Vowel insertion in L2 phonology, loanwords, and nonce-words is driven by a strict ban on consonant clusters in syllable onsets. The choice between anaptyxis and prothesis is determined by the Coda Condition. As there is no detectable evidence for a coda condition in the existing Persian lexicon, it would be impossible for speakers of Persian to have acquired the Coda Condition as part of the L1 acquisition process. Moreover, this study contradicts two claims made in the literature: first, that anaptyxis/prothesis splits are always caused by the Syllable Contact Law, and second, that all coda condition effects can be reanalysed with positional faithfulness. Going beyond the Persian data, the paper argues for a formulation of the Coda Condition as positional licensing rather than simple markedness in interaction with positional faithfulness.
F0 and duration changes in unstressed vs. stressed syllables connected to postlexical stress and sentence type in Standard Lithuanian
Authors: Sabonytė Regina , Goldshtein Yonatan
Published: February 2022

This paper presents an analysis of F0 and duration changes in unstressed vs. stressed syllables con­nected to the postlexical stress and sentence type in Lithuanian. The aim of this analysis is to provide a systematic investigation on Lithuanian lexical stress by examining the F0 and duration differences between stressed and unstressed syllables in different sentence types and postlexical stress positions. The material consists of 540 audio-recorded phrases read by two Standard Lithuanian speakers – a male and a female. The results show that F0 does not consistently mark lexical stress in these two speakers’ data and it rather serves postlexical purposes. Significant differences between lexically stressed and unstressed syllables were found only in exclamations and questions when the target word was post­lexically stressed. Duration was found to be the marker of both lexical and postlexical stress. However, with regard to syllable duration, exclamations behave differently from both questions and statements.
Medial catalexis in Sir Thomas Wyatt’s iambic pentameter
Authors: Bye Patrik
Published: February 2022

There is a reasonable scholarly consensus that the long (“heroic”) line of Sir Thomas Wyatt is an iambic pentameter. However, a significant number of his long lines are apparently syllabically hypometrical, calling into question this interpretation. The doubt is further compounded by Wyatt’s nontrivial use of phrase-medial inversions. I argue that it is nonetheless possible to infer an iambic pentameter intention behind Wyatt’s syllabically hypometrical lines, which can be ‘repaired’ by medial catalexis. Syllabically canonical lines are known to favour major prosodic breaks (Intonational Phrase boundaries) between the second and third foot and, to some extent, between the third and fourth. On the assumption that medial catalexis exploits the natural pauses that occur at the boundaries between Intonational Phrases, what emerges is a significant preference for catalexis to target the weak position of the third verse foot (half-line boundary), followed by the fourth (immediately following the verse-foot adjunct of the second half-line). The finding opens up further possibilities for understanding Wyatt’s other licences, and linguistically informed literary criticism of his verse. The final part of the paper offers some speculations as to the nature of medial catalexis and how it can be approached within a linguistically informed framework compatible with generative metrics.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential biological function of FSCN1 in HeLa cervical cancer cells
Authors: Guo Fengqin , Liu Yanliang , Cheng Yanxiang , Zhang Qifan , Quan Weili , Wei Yaxun , Hong Li
Published: February 2022

Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1), an actin-bundling protein associated with cell migration and invasion, is highly expressed in various tumor tissues. FSCN1 has also been reported to be a marker of increased invasive potential in cervical cancers. However, the functions of FSCN1 are still not fully understood in cervical cancers. Here, the gene expression profile of HeLa cells transfected with FSCN1 shRNA (shFSCN1) was compared with that of cells transfected with empty vector (shCtrl). The results showed that shFSCN1 extensively affected the transcription level of 5,043 genes in HeLa cells. In particular, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that a large number of upregulated genes were annotated with terms including transcription regulation and DNA binding. The downregulated genes were enriched in some cancer pathways, including angiogenesis and cell adhesion. qPCR validation confirmed that FSCN1 knockdown significantly affected the expression of selected genes in HeLa cells either negatively or positively. Expression analysis in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) revealed that FSCN1 had negative correlations with several transcription factors and a positive correlation with an angiogenic factor (angiopoietin like 4, ANGPTL4) in cervical tumor tissue. In particular, validation by Western blotting showed that FSCN1 knockdown decreased the protein level of ANGPTL4. Our results demonstrated that FSCN1 is not only an actin-binding protein but also a transcriptional regulator and an angiogenic factor in cervical cancer. Thus, our study provides important insights for further study on the regulatory mechanism of FSCN1 in cervical cancer.
Лауреаты Нобелевской премии 2021 года по физике — Сюкуро Манабэ и Клаус Хассельман, "Природа"
Authors: Гулёв С.К.
Published: February 2022

Одну половину (по 1/4) Нобелевской премии получили климатологи Сюкуро Манабэ и Клаус Хассельман «за физическое моделирование климата Земли, количественный анализ вариаций и надежный прогноз глобального потепления». Нобелевский комитет не в первый раз отмечает проблему глобального потепления. Однако впервые награждены непосредственно ученые, заложившие основы современной климатологии.
The TKFC Ala185Thr variant, reported as ‘null’ for fructose metabolism, is fully active as triokinase
Authors: Ribeiro João M. , Costas María Jesús , Cabezas Alicia , Meunier Brigitte , Onoufriadis Alexandros , Cameselle José Carlos
Published: February 2022

TKFC‐encoded triokinase catalyses glyceraldehyde phosphorylation in fructose metabolism and favours lipogenesis in mice. In Tkfc knockouts or knockdowns, fructose oxidation predominates over lipogenesis. The highly prevalent human variant Ala185Thr‐Triokinase/FMN cyclase (TKFC) has been reported to be ‘null’ for fructose metabolism, since Ala185‐TKFC rescues the mouse TKFC‐deficient phenotype, whereas Ala185Thr‐TKFC does not. Such report implies that most humans would display a noncanonical fructose metabolism, but it ignores the well‐characterized triokinase activity of Ala185Thr‐TKFC. Here, earlier evidence is summarized, along with new evidence that both human variants are equally active in yeast. Therefore, future research on triokinase in the context of human fructose metabolism should consider that Ala185Thr‐TKFC is not biochemically ‘null’.
Failure modes and effects analysis for surface‐guided DIBH breast radiotherapy
Authors: Bright Megan , Foster Ryan D. , Hampton Carnell J. , Ruiz Justin , Moeller Benjamin
Published: February 2022

Despite breast cancer prevalence and widespread adoption of deep inspiration breath‐hold (DIBH) radiation techniques, few data exist on the error risks related to using surface‐guided (SG) DIBH during breast radiation therapy (RT). Due to the increasingly technical nature of these methods and being a paradigm shift from traditional breast setups/treatments, the associated risk for error is high. Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) has been used in identifying risky RT processes yet is time‐consuming to perform. A subset of RT staff and a hospital patient‐safety representative performed FMEA to study SG‐DIBH RT processes. After this group (cohort 1) analyzed these processes, additional scoring data were acquired from RT staff uninvolved in the original FMEA (cohort 2). Cohort 2 received abbreviated FMEA training while using the same process maps that cohort 1 had created, which was done with the goal of validating our results and exploring the feasibility of expedited FMEA training and efficient implementation elsewhere. An extensive review of the SG‐DIBH RT process revealed 57 failure modes in 16 distinct steps. Risks deemed to have the highest priority, large risk priority number (RPN), and severity were addressed with policy changes, checklists, and standardization; of these, most were linked with operator error via manual inputs and verification. Reproducibility results showed that 5% of the average RPN between cohorts 1 and 2 was statistically different. Unexpected associations were noted between RPN and RT staff role; 12% of the physicist and therapist average scores were statistically different. Different levels of FMEA training yielded similar scoring within one RT department, suggesting a time‐savings can be achieved with abbreviated training. Scores between professions, however, yielded significant differences suggesting the importance of involving staff across disciplines.
Finite‐time asynchronous dissipative filtering for Markovian jump systems with time‐varying delays and randomly occurred nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Yao , Guo Jun
Published: February 2022

The finite‐time dissipative filtering problem for time‐varying delayed Markovian jump systems with randomly occurred nonlinearity is addressed in this article. The modes of the desired filter are supposed to be asynchronous with the modes of the original system, which is more in line with the practical situation. The purpose of the problem under investigation is an asynchronous filter design which could make the error system finite‐time bounded as well as strictly dissipative. By constructing novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals that covers the aforementioned two asynchronous modes and utilizing the theory of finite‐time analysis, some sufficient conditions are put forward to obtain the desired asynchronous filter by virtue of the linear matrix inequalities approach. A numerical example and a tunnel diode circuit are finally provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Mixed‐Mode Multidirectional Poisson's Ratio Modulation in Auxetic 3D Lattice Metamaterials
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Tanmoy , Kundu Diptiman
Published: February 2022

If a conventional material is compressed in one direction, it tries to expand in the other two perpendicular directions and vice versa, indicating a positive Poisson's ratio. Recently auxetic materials with negative Poisson's ratios, which can be realized through artificial microstructuring, are attracting increasing attention due to enhanced mechanical performances in multiple applications. Most of the proposed auxetic materials show different degrees of in‐plane auxeticity depending on their microstructural configurations. However, this restricts harnessing the advantages of auxeticity in 3D systems and devices where multidirectional functionalities are warranted. Thus, there exists a strong rationale to develop microstructures that can exhibit auxeticity both in the in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions. Herein, generic 3D connected double loop (3DCDL) type periodic microstructures are proposed for multi‐directional modulation of Poisson's ratios. Based on the bending dominated behavior of elementary beams with variable curvature, mixed‐mode auxeticity following the framework of multimaterial unit cells is demonstrated. The proposed 3DCDL unit cell and expanded unit cells formed based on their clusters are capable of achieving partially auxetic, purely auxetic, purely nonauxetic and nullauxetic behavior. Comprehensive numerical results are presented for the entire spectrum of combinations concerning the auxetic behavior in the in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions including their relative degrees.
A Vascularized Conductive Elastic Patch for the Repair of Infarcted Myocardium through Functional Vascular Anastomoses and Electrical Integration
Authors: Xiong Weirong , Wang Xiaoxian , Guan Haien , Kong Fanxuan , Xiao Zhaoming , Jing Yihan , Cai Liu , Hou Honghao , Qiu Xiaozhong , Wang Leyu
Published: February 2022

Conductive cardiac patches have been proven to promote angiogenesis in infarcted myocardium; however, their conductive integrity, elasticity, and vascularization potential have not yet been optimized. The prevascularization of conductive elastic cardiac patches could be an effective strategy for building a substantial connection between the patch and the infarcted heart. Here, a coronary artery casting is introduced into a holey graphene oxide/polypyrrole‐incorporated polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate prefabricated gel to form a vascularized conductive elastic patch. The engineered patches are able to rebuild functional vascular anastomoses and provide strong electrical integration with infarcted hearts, resulting in effective myocardial infarction repair in vivo. RNA sequencing analyses further reveal that the conductive elastic patches under dynamic culture conditions upregulated cardiac muscle contraction‐ and ATP biosynthesis‐related mRNA expression in vitro. Together, this study demonstrates that the fabricated patches have versatile conductivity, elasticity, and vascularization properties, and could therefore be a promising candidate for heart repair.
High‐Performance Non‐Volatile Flash Photomemory via Highly Oriented Quasi‐2D Perovskite
Authors: Chao Ya‐Hui , Chen Jian‐Cheng , Yang Dong‐Lin , Tseng You‐Jie , Hsu Chao‐Hsien , Chen Jung‐Yao
Published: February 2022

Solution‐processable organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have been applied to a variety of optoelectronic devices due to its long exciton lifetime and small binding energy. It has emerged as promising front‐runners for next‐generation non‐volatile flash photomemory devices. However, the effect of crystal orientation of perovskite on the performance of photomemory still has not fully developed. Herein, non‐volatile flash photomemory with quasi‐2D perovskite/polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PS‐b‐PEO) as photoactive floating‐gate and p‐type semiconductor poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT) as the chare‐transporting layer is successfully demonstrated. By adding phenylethylammonium bromide (PEABr) in formamidinium lead bromide perovskite (FAPbBr3), the crystal orientation of quasi‐2D perovskite is highly improved, which results in raised charge transfer efficiency from 76% to 90% compared to the pure FAPbBr3. Furthermore, ON/OFF current ratio of 104, low photo‐programming time of 5 ms under light intensity of 0.85 mW cm−2, charge transfer rate of 0.063 ns−1, and data storage capacity of over 7 bits (128 levels) in one cell can be achieved. In addition, the correlation between photo‐responsive current and photoluminescence (PL) is first examined by in operando PL measurement, which provides a new platform to explore the charge transfer process in photomemory.
Bioorthogonally Cross‐Linked Hyaluronan–Laminin Hydrogels for 3D Neuronal Cell Culture and Biofabrication
Authors: Jury Michael , Matthiesen Isabelle , Rasti Boroojeni Fatemeh , Ludwig Saskia L. , Civitelli Livia , Winkler Thomas E. , Selegård Robert , Herland Anna , Aili Daniel
Published: February 2022

Laminins (LNs) are key components in the extracellular matrix of neuronal tissues in the developing brain and neural stem cell niches. LN‐presenting hydrogels can provide a biologically relevant matrix for the 3D culture of neurons toward development of advanced tissue models and cell‐based therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders. Biologically derived hydrogels are rich in fragmented LN and are poorly defined concerning composition, which hampers clinical translation. Engineered hydrogels require elaborate and often cytotoxic chemistries for cross‐linking and LN conjugation and provide limited possibilities to tailor the properties of the materials. Here a modular hydrogel system for neural 3D cell cultures, based on hyaluronan and poly(ethylene glycol), that is cross‐linked and functionalized with human recombinant LN‐521 using bioorthogonal copper‐free click chemistry, is shown. Encapsulated human neuroblastoma cells demonstrate high viability and grow into spheroids. Long‐term neuroepithelial stem cells (lt‐NES) cultured in the hydrogels can undergo spontaneous differentiation to neural fate and demonstrate significantly higher viability than cells cultured without LN. The hydrogels further support the structural integrity of 3D bioprinted structures and maintain high viability of bioprinted and syringe extruded lt‐NES, which can facilitate biofabrication and development of cell‐based therapies.
Transformable Gallium‐Based Liquid Metal Nanoparticles for Tumor Radiotherapy Sensitization
Authors: Liu Ruixue , Gong Linji , Zhu Xianyu , Zhu Shuang , Wu Xiaochen , Xue Tingyu , Yan Liang , Du Jiangfeng , Gu Zhanjun
Published: February 2022

The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in the exploration of room temperature gallium‐based liquid metal (LM) in the field of microfluidics, soft robotics, electrobiology, and biomedicine. Herein, this study for the first time reports the utilization of nanosized gallium–indium eutectic alloys (EGaIn) as a radiosensitizer for enhancing tumor radiotherapy. The sodium alginate (Alg) functionalized EGaIn nanoparticles (denoted as EGaIn@Alg NPs) are prepared via a simple one‐step synthesis method. The coating of Alg not only prevents the aggregation and oxidation of EGaIn NPs in an aqueous solution but also enables them low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, and in‐situ formation of gels in the Ca2+ enriched tumor physiological microenvironment. Due to the metallic nature and high density, EGaIn can increase the generation of reactive oxygen species under the irradiation of X‐ray, which can not only directly promote DNA damage and cell apoptosis, but also show an efficient tumor inhibition rate in vivo. Moreover, EGaIn@Alg NPs hold good performance as computed tomography (CT) and photoacoustic tomography (PAT) imaging contrast agents. This work provides an alternative nanotechnology strategy for tumor radiosensitization and also enlarges the biomedical application of gallium‐based LM.