bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antipruritic Effect of Ethyl Acetate Extract from Fructus cnidii in Mice with 2,4‐Dinitrofluorobenzene‐Induced Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhu Chan , Zhang Yingge , Yang Niuniu , Shi Hao , Yang Weiwei , Yang Yan , Liang Jianqiang , Chen Liuzhi , Zeng Xueying , Cai Rijin , Wu Guanyi , Tang Zongxiang
Published: May 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and skin lesions. The exact cause of AD is not yet known and the available therapeutic strategies for AD are limited. Fructus cnidii is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine as an herb for treating chronic itch. However, the mechanism underlying the antipruritic effects of Fructus cnidii is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the antipruritic effect of locally administered ethyl acetate extract from Fructus cnidii (EAEFC) to 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene‐ (DNFB‐) induced AD in a mouse model. The scratching behavior, skin thickness, dermatitis score, weight, blood immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, and itch‐related cytokine levels were subsequently monitored and evaluated. Results showed that EAEFC treatment attenuated the DNFB‐induced AD‐like symptoms by alleviating the skin lesions and decreasing the dermatitis score. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and toluidine blue (TB) staining analyses demonstrated that EAEFC mitigated the DNFB‐induced increase in skin thickness and prevented the infiltration of mast cells. Behavioral tests showed that EAEFC decreased the DNFB‐induced acute and chronic scratching behaviors. Furthermore, EAEFC reduced the levels of itch‐related cytokines, such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin‐ (IL‐) 17, IL‐33, and IL‐31, and the DNFB‐induced boost in serum IgE. Collectively, these results suggest that EAEFC is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of chronic itch in AD.
Uncertain Single-Machine Scheduling with Deterioration and Learning Effect
Authors: Shen Jiayu
Published: May 2020

A single-machine scheduling problem with deterioration and learning effect is studied in the present paper. The processing time and due date are considered uncertain variables due to lack of historical data. The aim is to minimize the makespan, total completion time, total weight completion time, and maximum lateness under an uncertain environment. To address the problem in an uncertain environment, the expected value model and pessimistic value model are developed. These models can be converted into equivalent models based on the inverse distribution method. It is proved that the corresponding dispatching rules can solve the problem optimally under different objective criteria. Finally, sensitivity analysis is used to illustrate the effectiveness of these rules.
Analysis of Human-Land Coupled Bearing Capacity of Qiangtang Meadow in Northern Tibet Based on Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Li ShiBao
Published: May 2020

Aiming to address the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency, low correlation between the analyzed and actual results, and poor rationality of research indexes in current methods of analysis of human-land coupled bearing capacity of meadows, a novel method of human-land coupled bearing capacity analysis of Qiangtang meadow in northern Tibet, based on fuzzy clustering algorithm, is proposed. Basic geographic information data in Tibet were acquired, the collected data images were registered by ENVI4.2 software, and the collected data were vectorized by ArcGIS 9.3 software to construct a basic geographic information database in Tibet. Based on the frequency domain processing algorithm, the geographic information image was suppressed by noise and filtered by using a high-pass filter to realize the geographic information data processing in the study area. The human-land coupled bearing capacity analysis of Qiangtang meadow in northern Tibet was evaluated through fuzzy clustering, bearing capacity evaluation, and bearing capacity calculation under the sharing of closure. The experimental results showed that the average running energy consumption of the method was 81 J, and 97% of the analyzed results were consistent with the actual situation. These results indicate that the operation efficiency of the method is high, and the rationality coefficient of the research index is large. The proposed method has superior performance and feasibility.
Antioxidant Potential Overviews of Secondary Metabolites (Polyphenols) in Fruits
Authors: Swallah Mohammed Sharif , Sun He , Affoh Raïfatou , Fu Hongling , Yu Hansong
Published: May 2020

The rise in consumption of energy-dense foods has resulted in the displacement of several essential dietary gaps, causing numerous long-lasting diseases, including obesity, stroke, hypertension, and several forms of cancer. Epidemiological studies encourage more fruit consumption to prevent these diseases. The defensive mechanisms provided by these fruits against illness are due to the existence of several antioxidants. Recent studies proved that (poly) phenolic compounds are ideally the core phytochemicals with both functional and health-promoting properties found in the plant’s kingdom, and low intake could result in the risk of certain diseases. Phytonutrients are powerful antioxidants that can modify metabolic activation and detoxification of carcinogens. The ideal motive of this review is to provide an overview as well as illuminate the polyphenolic merits of fruits in general. Fruits have several merits, including weight maintenance, proper health development, and satiety. There are many analytical methods for determining and measuring the phenolic content of different products. Phenolic compounds are of nutritional interest since they aid in the retardation and inhibition of lipids by acting as scavengers that prevent and protect the proliferation of oxidative chains. Future studies are required to help identify the physiological metabolic activities as well as to improve human health.
Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of Nanofluid Flow Based on Cu, Al2O3, and TiO2 over a Moving Rotating Plate and Impact of Various Nanoparticle Shapes
Authors: Abbas W. , Magdy M. M.
Published: May 2020

The study of rotating nanofluid flows has a vital role in several applications such as in food processing, rotating machinery, cooling systems, and chemical fluid. The aims of the present work are to improve the thermophysical properties of convective flow and heat transfer for unsteady nanofluid past a moving rotating plate in the presence of ohmic, viscous dissipations, Brownian, and thermophoresis diffusion. The system is strained under the effect of strong magnetic field, and then the Hall current is considered. For this investigation, three different types of the nanoparticles Cu (copper), Al2O3 (aluminium oxide), and TiO2 (titanium dioxide) with various shapes (spherical, cylindrical, and brick) are considered, and water is used as a base nanofluid. The system governing equations are solved semianalytically using homotopy perturbation technique. In order to validate the present work, different comparisons are made under some special cases with previously published results and found an excellent agreement. It is observed that the shape of nanoparticles plays a substantial role to significantly determine the flow behaviour. Also, it can be found that the use of the cylindrical nanoparticle shape has better improvement for heat transfer rate compared with the other nanoparticle shapes.
Prognostic Significance of PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 Gene Expression Levels in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ito Shuhei , Masuda Takaaki , Noda Miwa , Hu Qingjiang , Shimizu Dai , Kuroda Yosuke , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Tobo Taro , Utsunomiya Tohru , Mimori Koshi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapies have shown promising clinical activity against gastric cancer (GC). We evaluated the clinical significance of immune-related gene expression in GC tissues to better understand the tumor immune microenvironment. Methods: PD-1, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD8 mRNA levels and clinicopathological factors, including survival, were examined by quantitative RT-PCR in 155 GC patients who underwent surgery. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue from 24 GC patients was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. Results: PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumor tissue than in normal tissue (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05, and p < 0.0001). GC patients with low PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 mRNA levels had significantly poorer overall survival (OS) than those with high PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 mRNA levels, respectively (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Low PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 mRNA levels were more significantly associated with poor prognosis in undifferentiated-type GC patients than in differentiated-type GC patients (PD-1: differentiated p = 0.0071 vs. undifferentiated p = 0.0024; PD-L1: p = 0.6527 vs. p < 0.0001; CD8: p = 0.4465 vs. p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, distant metastasis, low PD-1 mRNA levels and low CD8 mRNA levels were independent prognostic factors for worse OS (low PD-1 mRNA level: OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.10–4.58, p < 0.05; low CD8 mRNA level: OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.12–6.90, p < 0.05). PD-1 and PD-L1 mRNA levels in immune cells were significantly associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 protein levels (both p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusions: PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 mRNA levels may reflect antitumor immunity in GC, and low PD-1 and CD8 mRNA levels are potential predictive biomarkers for poor prognosis in GC patients who underwent surgery.
Prognostic Factors in Patients with Distant Soft Tissue Metastasis of Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Study of 16 Cases
Authors: Tsuchie Hiroyuki , Emori Makoto , Miyakoshi Naohisa , Okada Kyoji , Nagasawa Hiroyuki , Murahashi Yasutaka , Mizushima Emi , Shimizu Junya , Yamashita Toshihiko , Shimada Yoichi
Published: May 2020

Objectives: Soft tissue metastasis (STM) is an uncommon condition in carcinoma. Although various case series related to STM have been reported, few reports have examined prognostic factors. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of STM and the factors affecting its prognosis. Materials and Methods: Patients with STM from carcinoma were retrospectively studied. The patients’ information, including age, sex, primary tumor, metastasis location, size of the metastatic tumor, presence of pain, histological classification, history of primary tumor treatment, and other metastasis at diagnosis of STM were collected and associated with prognosis. Results: Overall, 16 patients with a mean age of 68.7 years were evaluated. The overall survival rate was not significantly different between lung cancer and non-lung cancer patients. The overall survival rate was significantly better in patients undergoing definitive treatment for the primary tumor than in those without history of treatment (p = 0.046). The overall survival rate of STM patients with no metastasis was significantly better than those with other metastasis at the diagnosis of STM (p = 0.041). On multivariate analysis, no history of primary tumor treatment and STM without pain were risk factors for prognosis (p = 0.0340 and 0.0474, respectively). None of the patients who developed STM under the skin experienced pain, while 92.3% of the patients who developed STM in the deep layer had pain. Conclusion: The risk factors for poor diagnosis of STM were no past treatment of the primary tumor and absence of pain. STM in the deep layer is prone to pain.
Optimization of parameters of neuro-fuzzy model
Authors: Bakievna Khuzyatova Lyalya , Ajratovich Galiullin Lenar
Published: May 2020

The need for increasing the efficiency of the neuron-fuzzy model in the formation of knowledge bases is being updated. The task is to develop methods and algorithms for presetting and optimizing the parameters of a fuzzy neural network. To solve difficult formalized tasks, it is necessary to develop decision support systems - expert systems based on a knowledge base. ES developers are constantly faced with the problems of “extraction” and formalization of knowledge, as well as the search for new ways to obtain it. To do this, use the extraction, acquisition and formation of knowledge. Currently, the formation of knowledge bases is relevant for the creation of hybrid technologies - fuzzy neural networks that combine the advantages of neural network models and fuzzy systems. The analysis of the efficiency of the fuzzy neural network carried out in the work showed that the quality of training of the NN largely depends on the choice of the number of fuzzy granules for input drugs. In addition, to use fuzzy information formalized by the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy logic, procedures are required for selecting optimal forms and presetting the parameters of the corresponding membership functions (MF).
Estimation of the refractivity gradient from measured essential climate variables in Iyamho-Auchi, Edo State, South-South Region of Nigeria
Authors: Ukhurebor Kingsley Eghonghon , Nwankwo Wilson
Published: May 2020

Meteorological variables are crucial constituents in the estimation of refractivity disseminations and the uncharacteristic radio wave propagation situations of the troposphere as a result of their impact on radio wave communication relations over the atmosphere. In this study the measurement and assessment of air temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure was carried out for a period of one year; 2018, so as to estimate the refractivity gradient over Iyamho-Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria using a self-implemented inexpensive portable meteorological monitoring device. The measurements of the essential climate variables were done at the administrative building of Edo University Iyamho by placing the meteorological monitoring device on a fixed position. The results show that the monthly estimated refractivity gradient values which would be useful in the prediction of the local radio propagation range from -20.00 N-units/km to -190.00 N-units/km with an average value of -60.67 N-units/km for the period under consideration. The findings also show that the months with limited relative humidity have greater refractivity gradient values compared to the ones with higher relative humidity. It was also observed from the results that the measured essential climate variables were having significant impacts on the estimated refractivity gradient during all the months in 2018, and these impacts were more noticeable in the months with higher relative humidity compared with the months that were having limited relative humidity. 
Self-select target neighboring base station assisted handover for natural disaster in LTE-A network
Authors: Laily Yusof Azita , Eiza Azhar Ainnur , Ya’acob Norsuzila
Published: May 2020

This paper presents Self-Select Target Neighboring Base Station Assisted Handover for Natural Disaster in LTE-A Network. In this study, two parameters have been introduced which are known as received signal strength of user (RSS) and left over power of base station (LoP) in order to maintained good QoS of UE and prolong battery life of base station when there is power outage. A distance fraction coefficient (α) with value 0.2 has been introduced to RSS expression to improve the signal strength by reducing the area that the UE’s covered. Both parameters are used to calculate weighted-average score (WAS) for selection of potential target base station to avoid more users to connect to the affected base station. From the results, sRSS=0.8 gave the highest WAS with value of WAS=0.84 for users from 1 to 100 compares to other value of sRSS. Moreover, by using no natural disaster condition as reference, Condition 1 (wRSS=80%, wLoP=20% ) with the lowest percentage of improvement (3.75%.) will be chosen as handover condition as it near to base station, avoid overloaded users to the affected base station, hence prolong battery life as it only use 20% of battery usage.
An optimal nonlinear control for anti-synchronization of Rabinovich hyperchaotic system
Authors: Al-hayali Shaymaa , AL-Azzawi Saad Fawzi
Published: May 2020

This work derives new results for the anti-synchronization of 4D identical Rabinovich hyperchaotic systems by using two strategies: active and nonlinear control. The stabilization results of error dynamics systems are established based on Lyapunov second method. Control is designed via the relevant variables of drive and response systems.  In comparison with previous strategies, the current controller (Nonlinear control) focused on the minimum possible limits for relevant variables. The better performance is realizing the anti- synchronization by designing a control with low terms. After obtaining analytical results of the proposed controller, numircal simulation is carried out using Matlab. The graphical results prove validity and applicability of proposed control without know any parameter.The proposed control has certain significance for reducing the time and complexity for strategy implementation.
Methodology for developing a web configurator for technology cabinets
Authors: Shaehovich Khuzyatov Shafik , Ajratovich Galiullin Lenar
Published: May 2020

Current trends in the development of Internet technologies are very promising, their role in the functioning of enterprises is increasing significantly. Internet technologies are tools that allow you to interact with potential customers and consumers, receive feedback from them. At the same time, factors of physical remoteness are practically nullified. The situation with the rapid development of the Internet market means that in the process of forming the necessary configurations of technological cabinets for industrial facilities management systems, the use of manual labor should be minimized. The standard approach uses paper media, which leads to a large investment of time in the formation of the necessary configurations and the calculation of their cost. In this regard, increases the complexity of the work performed and the likelihood of errors in the calculations. Thus, the following problems can be formed: the lack of sufficient mechanisms for operational interaction with potential customers; time consuming paper handling; the complexity of the operations; high probability of errors in the calculations; lack of operational access to the necessary information.
Towards electronic learning features in education 4.0 environment: literature study
Authors: Azah Mansor Nor , Abdullah Natrah , Abd Rahman Hayati
Published: May 2020

This paper presents electronic learning features in Education 4.0 environment. Malaysian government encourages Higher Education Institution (HEIs) to embed technologies in order to prepare future education (Education 4.0). Besides, developing skills among students is important to be more adaptable in changing the environment. Current HEIs using Learning Management System (LMS) has lack of interactive features and non-personalized learning. Therefore, this article set out to analyze the existing literature on e-learning practices in Education 4.0 and to propose e-learning features suits in Education 4.0 environment. Guided by the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) review method, a systematic review of the Scopus 24 related studies. Further review of these articles resulted in seven principles of e-learning features based on the constructivism principle – Self-regulation, Personal perspective, Experiential learning, Social learning, Learning Community, Creating and Sharing Knowledge, Structure and layout which can be used to upgraded and redesigned LMS.
Design and implement a self-managed computer network for electronic exams and sharing
Authors: Abdullah Mokhaled N. , Satam Ihab A. , Daoud Raid W , Shihab Suhail N. , Kamel Haider A.
Published: May 2020

To implement electronic exams and material resources sharing (which is usually limited), an operating base is must be available for trading information and correspondence management. In this paper, self-managed computer networks, no server was designed. This network aims to share information and correspondence management between the laboratory`s computers. A specific software called Packet tracer used for designing and simulating the network, also for choosing the right medium and install the IP address so that a maximum of data flowing with minimum time and no data loss can be achieved. A class-C IP address was selected since it is the famous class and it doesn`t need any special equipment. Also it has a wide range of of computers in case of expanding the network. We didn`t use a wireless medium to protect the network from hacking. The network was based on an Ethernet medium and a star-connection between the computers with an average signal distributer. An excellent result was achieved after testing the network with a low error percentage, as shown in the result section of this paper.
E-PAC: efficient password authentication code based RMPN method and diffie-hellman algorithm
Authors: Refish Salah H. Abbdal , Shneen Salam Waley
Published: May 2020

Users need more efficient and more secure  when they use the Internet. Password authentication code (PAC) is the critical issue in many applications such as web-sites and data base systems etc. In this paper, PAC between two users to confirm authentication between them based two factors has presented.. Two factors is the most good solution in this field. A legitimate user needs to make sure about his partner to ensure their communication.  So, this solution produces two important algorithms, the first one is utilized the Diffie-Hellman which considered the base of this work. The second is routing in message passing networks (RMPN) algorithm which determine the positions of bits which sent to specific party. The overall of this method convincingly to be more secure against both online and offline attacks. This scheme has some advantages such as secrecy of session key, password privacy, and mutual authentication. The performance and security analyses prove that the scheme is very efficient and mathematically immune for attackers.
Gesture recognition vehicle using PIC microcontroller
Authors: Selvakumar K. , R Palanisamy , Doss M.Arun Noyal , Gopi P. , Esakkipandi A. , Mathivadhanam L. , Asath T. Abul Kalam
Published: May 2020

In this paper we introduce a hand controlled robotic vehicle. Hand control robotic vehicle consists of a transmitter module and a receiver module. The transmitter will be placed on a hand glove and the receiver will be placed on the motor drive along with PIC microcontroller and motor driver IC. The RF transmitter sends commands to the IC which then forwards the commands to RF receiver. The RF receiver then sends the commands to PIC microcontroller on the vehicle which processes the commands so that the vehicle moves in the specified direction. It is having proposed utility in field ofconstruction, hazardous waste disposal and field  survey near borders etc. This project is developed as a travel buddy and industrial uses. Having future scope of advanced robotics that are designed and can be easily controlled using hand gesture only.
Electronic properties of zigzag silicene nanoribbons with single vacancy defect
Authors: Chuan Mu Wen , Wong Kien Liong , Hamzah Afiq , Alias Nurul Ezaila , Lim Cheng Siong , Tan Michael Loong Peng
Published: May 2020

Silicene is envisaged as one of the two-dimensional (2D) materials for future nanoelectronic applications. In addition to its extraordinary electronic properties, it is predicted to be compatible with the silicon (Si) fabrication technology. By using nearest neighbour tight-binding (NNTB) approach, the electronic properties of zigzag silicene nanoribbons (ZSiNRs) with single vacancy (SV) defects are modelled and simulated. For 4-ZSiNR with L=2, the band structures and density of states (DOS) are computed based on SV incorporated ZSiNRs at varying defect locations. The results show that the SV defect will shift the band structure and increase the peak of DOS while the bandgap remain zero. This work provides a theoretical framework to understand the impact of SV defect which is an inevitable non-ideal effect during the fabrication of silicene nanoribbons (SiNRs).
O prontuário eletrônico do paciente em escala nacional
Authors: Galvao Maria Cristiane Barbosa , Ricarte Ivan Luiz Marques
Published: May 2020

Introdução. Dada a histórica fragmentação dos sistemas de informações em saúde gerada por múltiplas iniciativas locais, regionais e nacionais de implantação de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, muitos países têm buscado soluções que permitam a interoperabilidade dos sistemas existentes e/ou a proposição de sistemas únicos para a coleta de dados clínicos em escala nacional. Objetivo. Estudar o caso australiano de implantação do prontuário eletrônico do paciente em escala nacional, por ser considerada uma iniciativa bem sucedida no cenário internacional e que visa o empoderamento do paciente. Metodologia. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo descritivo com base em levantamento documental, incluindo artigos científicos e literatura cinzenta. Resultados. Foram recuperados 1301 artigos da PubMed relacionados ao prontuário eletrônico da Austrália e, após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 23 artigos relacionados à iniciativa australiana foram selecionados, bem como cinco documentos em portais governamentais e de organizações não-governamentais. Quatro aspectos centrais foram observados: o sistema de saúde australiano, o processo de implantação, as características e as avaliações sobre o prontuário eletrônico australiano. Conclusão. Embora o sistema nacional de prontuário eletrônico da Austrália seja reconhecido internacionalmente como uma iniciativa bem-sucedida, muitas barreiras precisam ser superadas para que haja uma aceitação ampla por parte da população e dos profissionais de saúde envolvidos em sua utilização. Adicionalmente, um sistema de prontuário eletrônico compartilhado a nível nacional, controlado pelo paciente, altera substancialmente as tradicionais relações de poder, geralmente médico-centradas, requerendo uma revisão dos processos de trabalho na assistência em saúde.
Produção e a divulgação científica entre os docentes da Faculdade de Veterinária da UFRGS
Authors: Corrêa Maurício De Vargas , Rodrigues Ana Vera Finardi , Vanz Samile Andréa De Souza , Caregnato Sônia Elisa
Published: May 2020

Com o aporte da bibliometria, analisa a produção científica e as publicações de divulgação científica dos docentes da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), registradas no catálogo do Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFRGS (SABi), no que tange aos indicadores de distribuição temporal, produtividade departamental e temática das publicações. Os resultados indicam uma diferença significativa na quantidade de artigos científicos e de publicações de divulgação científica produzidos pela Faculdade de Veterinária; o crescimento das publicações de divulgação científica no período de 2013-2016 e da produção científica a partir dos anos 2000; os departamentos de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Patologia Clínica Veterinária como os mais produtivos em publicações de divulgação científica e artigos científicos, respectivamente; e a afinidade temática das publicações de divulgação científica com o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos de Origem Animal (PPGAOA) e da produção científica com os Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias (PPGCV) e Medicina Animal: Equinos (PPGMAE). Conclui que as publicações de divulgação científica dos docentes da Faculdade de Veterinária da UFRGS abordam assuntos relacionados ao perfil do PPGAOA, enquanto os artigos científicos tratam de temas condizentes com as linhas de pesquisa dos programas PPGCV e PPGMAE, o que pode refletir a influência das recomendações dos documentos de área da Avaliação do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação da CAPES.
Os acervos privados de presidentes da República no Brasil
Authors: Lopes Bruna Pimentel , Rodrigues Georgete Medleg
Published: May 2020

Considerando as discussões atuais sobre as formas de constituição, organização e preservação de acervos privados de presidentes da República, este artigo tem como propósito sistematizar os aspectos teóricos e legais relacionados a esses arquivos, de modo a recuperar os estudos sobre a temática, procedendo-se, para tanto, ao método de revisão de literatura. Observa-se que desde a década de 1980 o Brasil tem adotado medidas que viabilizem a guarda dos acervos privados presidenciais, o que ocasionou, dentre outras providências, a promulgação da Lei 8.394/91 e seu respectivo Decreto de regulamentação. Conclui-se que a legislação em vigor possui lacunas a respeito da composição e conservação desses acervos. O Estado brasileiro, por sua vez, carece de políticas mais efetivas relacionadas às formas de consulta e acesso aos acervos privados de presidentes da república, tendo em vista, inclusive, os conflitos entre os interesses individuais e coletivos.
Política de indexação e ética
Authors: Jesus Rafaela Cristina de , Fujita Mariângela Spotti Lopes
Published: May 2020

A ética na representação da informação é cada vez mais conceituada, tendo sido discutidos valores éticos necessários tanto na atuação do bibliotecário como nas suas tarefas. Apontam-se definições de ética, no âmbito geral e no contexto da representação da informação, assim como a relevância da ética em uma política de indexação. Assim, mediante a importância conferida à ética, no contexto da organização e representação da informação, foram analisados manuais de política de indexação de uma biblioteca universitária e de uma biblioteca escolar. Foi possível observar que há alguns valores éticos nos manuais de política de indexação, inclusive valores em comum, destacando-se os proeminentes e sua pertinência na recuperação da informação.
Longitudinal Spending on Endovascular and Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Trooboff Spencer W. , Wanken Zachary J. , Gladders Barbara , Columbo Jesse A. , Lurie Jon D. , Goodney Philip P.
Published: May 2020

Background:

Endovascular repair (EVR) has replaced open surgery as the procedure of choice for patients requiring elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Long-term outcomes of the 2 approaches are similar, making the relative cost of caring for these patients over time an important consideration.

Methods and Results:

We linked Medicare claims to Vascular Quality Initiative registry data for patients undergoing elective EVR or open AAA repair from 2004 to 2015. The primary outcome was Medicare’s cumulative disease-related spending, adjusted to 2015 dollars. Disease-related spending included the index operation and associated hospitalization, surveillance imaging, reinterventions (AAA-related and abdominal wall procedures), and all-cause admissions within 90 days. We compared the incidence of disease-related events and cumulative spending at 90 days and annually through 7 years of follow-up. The analytic cohort comprised 6804 EVR patients (median follow-up: 1.85 years; interquartile range: 0.82–3.22 years) and 1889 open repair patients (median follow-up: 2.62 years; interquartile range: 1.13–4.80 years). Spending on index surgery was significantly lower for EVR (median [interquartile range]: $25 924 [$22 280–$32 556] EVR versus $31 442 [$24 669–$40 419] open;
P
<0.001), driven by a lower rate of in-hospital complications (6.6% EVR versus 38.0% open;
P
<0.001). EVR patients underwent more surveillance imaging (1.8 studies per person-year EVR versus 0.7 studies per person-year open;
P
<0.001) and AAA-related reinterventions (4.0 per 100 person-years EVR versus 2.1 per 100 person-years open;
P
=0.041). Open repair patients had higher rates of 90-day readmission (12.9% EVR versus 17.8% open;
P
<0.001) and abdominal wall procedures (0.6 per 100 person-years EVR versus 1.5 per 100 person-years open;
P
<0.001). Overall, EVR patients incurred more disease-related spending in follow-up ($7355 EVR versus $2706 open through 5 years). There was no cumulative difference in disease-related spending between surgical groups by 5 years of follow-up (−$33 EVR [95% CI: −$1543 to $1476]).

Conclusions:

We observed no cumulative difference in disease-related spending on EVR and open repair patients 5 years after surgery. Generalized recommendations about which approach to offer elective AAA patients should not be based on relative cost.
Nutrition, Thrombosis, and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Violi Francesco , Pastori Daniele , Pignatelli Pasquale , Carnevale Roberto
Published: May 2020

Previous studies reported an inverse association between healthy dietary patterns (such as Mediterranean diet) and the incidence of cardiovascular events. As the mechanism accounting for cardiovascular disease is prevalently due to the atherothrombosis, where a pivotal role is played by platelet activation, it would be arguable that diets with protective effects against cardiovascular disease exert an anti-atherothrombotic effect via inhibition of platelet activation. There are several and sparse typologies of studies, which investigated if single nutrients by diets recognized as having cardiovascular protection may exert an antithrombotic effect. The most investigated nutrients are key components of the Mediterranean diets such as fruits and vegetables, fish, olive oil, and wine; other diets with protective effects include nuts and cocoa. Here we summarize experimental and human interventional studies which investigated the antithrombotic effects of such nutrients in experimental models of thrombosis or analyzed biomarkers of clotting, platelet, and fibrinolysis activation in human; furthermore in vitro studies explored the underlying mechanism at level of several cell lines such as platelets or endothelial cells. In this context, we analyzed if nutrients affect simultaneously or separately clotting, platelet, and fibrinolysis pathways giving special attention to the relationship between oxidative stress and thrombosis as most nutrients are believed to possess antioxidant properties.
Prevalence of Ipsilateral Nonstenotic Carotid Plaques on Computed Tomography Angiography in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Ospel Johanna M. , Singh Nishita , Marko Martha , Almekhlafi Mohammed , Dowlatshahi Dar , Puig Josep , Demchuk Andrew , Coutts Shelagh B. , Hill Michael D. , Menon Bijoy K. , Goyal Mayank
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose—

Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) constitutes a large proportion of acute ischemic stroke. It is crucial to identify possible stroke etiologies in this patient subgroup to individually tailor secondary stroke prevention strategies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of carotid plaques causing <50% stenosis in ESUS patients on computed tomography angiography and the association of these plaques with ipsilateral strokes.

Methods—

Patients from INTERRSeCT—a multicenter prospective study of patients with acute ischemic stroke—were included in this study if their stroke etiology was not large artery atherosclerosis (>50% stenosis), and neck computed tomography angiography was obtained. Degree of stenosis (<30% versus 30%–50%), maximum plaque thickness, degree of plaque calcification (<50% versus ≥50%), plaque irregularity, ulceration, hypodensity, carotid web, and focal vessel outpouching were assessed for both carotid arteries on computed tomography angiography. Prevalence of carotid plaques with <50% stenosis (nonstenotic plaques), ipsilateral and contralateral to the stroke, in ESUS patients was determined and compared with non-ESUS patients. Features of these plaques with versus without ipsilateral stroke in ESUS patients were compared. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine associations between nonstenotic carotid plaque, plaque characteristics, and ipsilateral stroke in ESUS patients.

Results—

Four hundred forty-six patients were included in the study (median age, 73 years; 218 men), 138 of which were ESUS patients (median age, 70 years; 61 men). Nonstenotic carotid plaques (with <50% stenosis) were present in 54 of 138 (39.1%) ESUS patients. Twelve (8.7%) patients had bilateral carotid plaques. Forty (60.6%) of these plaques were ipsilateral and 26 (39.4%) contralateral to the side of the stroke (
P
=0.004). Nonstenotic carotid plaques were significantly associated with ipsilateral strokes (adjusted odds ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.05–3.18]).

Conclusions—

In patients with ESUS, nonstenotic carotid plaques were significantly more common on the side of the ischemic stroke, suggesting that these plaques could be a potential stroke etiology in patients in whom the ischemic stroke is classified currently as ESUS.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Human Hippocampal Subfields: CA3-Dentate Gyrus Viscoelasticity Predicts Relational Memory Accuracy
Authors: Daugherty Ana M. , Schwarb Hillary D. , McGarry Matthew D. J. , Johnson Curtis L. , Cohen Neal J.
Published: May 2020

The hippocampus is necessary for binding and reconstituting information in relational memory. These essential memory functions are supported by the distinct cytoarchitecture of the hippocampal subfields. Magnetic resonance elastography is an emerging tool that provides sensitive estimates of microstructure vis-à-vis tissue mechanical properties. Here, we report the first in vivo study of human hippocampal subfield viscoelastic stiffness and damping ratio. Stiffness describes resistance of a viscoelastic tissue to a stress and is thought to reflect the relative composition of tissue at the microscale; damping ratio describes relative viscous-to-elastic behavior and is thought to generally reflect microstructural organization. Measures from the subiculum (combined with presubiculum and parasubiculum), cornu ammonis (CA) 1–2, and CA3-dentate gyrus (CA3-DG) were collected in a sample of healthy, cognitively normal men (n = 20, age = 18–33 years). In line with known cytoarchitecture, the subiculum demonstrated the lowest damping ratio, followed by CA3-DG and then combined CA1–CA2. Moreover, damping ratio of the CA3-DG—potentially reflective of number of cells and their connections—predicted relational memory accuracy and alone replicated most of the variance in performance that was explained by the whole hippocampus. Stiffness did not differentiate the hippocampal subfields and was unrelated to task performance in this sample. Viscoelasticity measured with magnetic resonance elastography appears to be sensitive to microstructural properties relevant to specific memory function, even in healthy younger adults, and is a promising tool for future studies of hippocampal structure in aging and related diseases.
Opining Beauty Itself in Republic V
Authors: Reshotko Naomi
Published: May 2020

In consoling the lover of sights and sounds at Republic 475e4-479d5, Socrates describes a tripartite distinction among knowledge, doxa, and ignorance. Socrates claims that knowledge is ‘over’ (epi) what-is, doxa is over what is and is-not, and ignorance is over nothing at all. I argue that Plato shows that doxa and ignorance are also related to what-is. While knowledge, doxa, and ignorance interact with different first-degree objects, these three capacities have a common second-degree object: what-is. The fact that Socrates claims that doxa is inferior to knowledge, and ignorance is inferior to doxa, shows that these three capacities have a shared aspiration that doxa and ignorance each fail to fulfill in their own way. Following Plato’s analogy to the senses at 477c1-d1, I use an analogy to the senses to demonstrate Plato’s understanding of the relationship between doxa and what is.
The osce Institutional and Operational Possibilities in the Modern Conflict Resolution
Authors: Dorosh Lesia , Ivasechko Olga
Published: May 2020

The strengths and weaknesses of the osce Special Monitoring Mission (smm) to Ukraine are analyzed including the effectiveness of the organization’s activities in resolving modern international conflicts, as well as its opportunities and challenges in this process. The osce smm activities in Ukraine are investigated, mainly its institutional and procedural dimensions. Emphasis is placed on the idea that the osce is the main and only international governmental institution that promptly responds to the emergence of conflicts, uses already developed methods for their solution, and provides all members with information on compliance with the agreement by the parties.
The Relationship between Online Dating and Islamic Identity among British Muslims
Authors: de Rooij Laurens
Published: May 2020

In Europe and the US, young Muslims are using online matchmaking in growing numbers. Online dating has increasingly become a mainstream activity, in Europe and North America at least. Western Muslims have adapted the idea to suit their needs. For many, online dating offers a low-stress solution to the daunting challenge of finding a partner for marriage in countries where few share their faith and in communities where matchmaking is considered a family affair. This paper will discuss the relationship between Muslim online matchmaking for British Muslims and their Islamic identities with regards to marriage and romantic relationships.
New records for the fern and lycophytes flora of Uíge, Northern Angola

Authors: MEZONDA C.P.J. , SIMÃO I. , SILVA H. , SILVEIRA P.
Published: May 2020

A contribution for a checklist of the pteridophytes of the municipality of Uíge (Uíge province), in Northern Angola, is presented, including records from the literature and from 61 newly collected specimens. Of the 19 listed taxa, 14 are new records for Uíge province including one new record for Angola (Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum). The family most represented is Thelypteridaceae with 6 taxa. Details on the ecology and distribution of every taxon are provided.
A new species of Blakea (Melastomataceae: Blakeeae) with pendulous flowers from Costa Rica

Authors: MICHELANGELI FABIÁN A. , SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR DANIEL
Published: May 2020

We describe Blakea ricardoi (Melastomataceae: Blakeeae), a species known only from the Parque Internacional La Amistad in Costa Rica side.  It can be distinguished by the long peduncles up to 6.5 cm long, pendant flowers with green petals and indumentum of roughened trichomes. A key to other species of Blakea with pendulous flowers and connivent petals is provided.
The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR
Published: May 2020

The present study examines the diversity of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 in the western Atlantic. Five species are described from the shallow waters of the Caribbean Sea: Salmoneus hispaniolensis sp. nov., from the southern coast of the Dominican Republic; S. camaroncito sp. nov. from Panama and Honduras; S. armatus sp. nov. from Panama; S. degravei sp. nov. from Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and Tobago; and S. wehrtmanni sp. nov. from Panama, Honduras, Mexico (Yucatan) and Tobago. In addition, S. ortmanni (Rankin, 1898) is reported from new localities in Panama and Costa Rica; S. carvachoi Anker, 2007 from Mexico (Yucatan) and the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Paraíba; S. cavicolus Felder & Manning, 1986 from Turks and Caicos Islands; and S. setosus Manning & Chace, 1990 from Mexico (Yucatan). Most specimens were collected at shallow depths (0.5–2 m), on soft bottoms ranging from mudsilt to coarse sand mixed rubble, under rocks or coral rubble; S. degravei sp. nov. appears to be associated with burrows of the callianassid ghost shrimp, Neocallichirus grandimana (Gibbes, 1850).
A new genus and two new species of alvinocaridid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from a hydrothermal vent field off northeastern Taiwan
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI , CHAN TIN-YAM
Published: May 2020

Two new species of alvinocaridid shrimps are described from a hydrothermal vent field off northeastern Taiwan at depths of 252–300 m. Alvinocaris chelys n. sp. is morphologically very similar to A. williamsi Shank & Martin, 2003 from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and A. alexander Ahyong, 2009 from the southern Kermadec Ridge. These three species can be differentiated by the shape of the postrostral ridge, telson, the second segment of the antennular peduncle and the armature of the meri and ischia of the third pereopod. The second new species, although rather similar to Alvinocaris niwa Webber, 2004 from the Kermadec-Arc, is assigned to a new genus Alvinocaridinides gen. nov., which appears to be intermediate between Shinkaicaris Komai & Segonzac, 2005 and other derived genera including Opaepele Williams & Dobbs, 1995, Chorocaris Martin & Hessler, 1990 and Rimicaris Williams & Rona, 1986. Alvinocaridinides formosa n. sp. differs from Alvinocaris niwa by completely lacking any armature on the ischia of the third to fifth pereopods and by bearing two movable spines at the posterolateral angle of the uropodal exopod. These records constitute the first discovery of the family Alvinocarididae in Taiwanese waters and represent the shallowest occurrence for alvinocaridid shrimps.
New taxa of the tribe Meconematini from South-Pacific and Indo-Malayan Regions (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Meconematinae)
Authors: JIN XINGBAO , LIU XIANWEI , WANG HANQIANG
Published: May 2020

New materials of the tribe Meconematini from Southeast Asia, Indo-Malayan and South Pacific region are examined. Systematic situation of the tribe is briefly discussed. Taxonomic comments, notes, and distribution pattern on related taxa and descriptions of new species are given. Totally 73 species involving 21 genera are recognized, in which 22 species referring 11 genera are new to science, 45 species are known, including 1 genus and 1 species with new status, 3 new descriptions of another sex, 2 new synonyms and 9 species with new combinations. New species, status and combinations are as follows:
The Irvingtonian Avifauna of Cumberland Bone Cave, Maryland
Authors: JAMES HELEN F.
Published: May 2020

The early and mid-Pleistocene avian communities of North America are best known from the Rocky Mountain region and peninsular Florida. In the Appalachian Mountain region, only a small number of avian bones from mid-latitude cave deposits have been attributed to this time period. Here, I enlarge this record by reporting on bird bones from Cumberland Bone Cave in western Maryland, a well-known locality for large and small Irvingtonian mammals and other vertebrates. The taxa identified encompass ground birds, waterfowl, a hawk, two eagles, a vulture, an owl, a jay, a flycatcher, a junco or sparrow, and a finch. No purely boreal elements are confirmed as part of the avian assemblage, and all of the extant species that are positively or tentatively identified in the assemblage still occur in the region today. An immature bone referred to the Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus (Bechstein)) represents an Irvingtonian breeding record for the species in Maryland. This record occurs at the northern limit of the current breeding range for the genus. Extinct species in the assemblage include the Passenger Pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus)), a large screech owl (Megascops guildayi (Brodkorb & Mourer-Chauviré 1984)), and the large goose, Branta dickeyi Miller 1924. It can be argued that none of these represent the extinction of a phyletic lineage during the Irvingtonian. Based on the broad habitat preferences of modern counterparts of the birds in the assemblage, we can expect that Irvingtonian habitats near the site included mixed forest with mast-producing hardwoods and both early and later successional stages represented. There must have been fluvial, wetland, or lacustrine habitat suitable for waterbirds nearby, and probably also open woodland or grassy savannah areas, suitable for vulture foraging, turkey nesting, and booming by Ruffed Grouse.