bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMITMENT TO PUBLIC INTEREST AND PUBLIC SERVICE MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY
Authors:   Environment & Population The University of Adelaide, Amegavi George B. , Mensah James K. ,   University of Ghana Business School
Published: January 2021

The use of qualitative research in Public Service Motivation research is growing and its impact on the field is beginning to be felt. This study contributes to our understanding of PSM by exploring the dimension of “commitment to public interest” and the challenges to development in Ghana. The analysis of 34 semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with employees of the Financial Intelligence Centre demonstrates that commitment to public interest is influenced by leadership actions and organizational culture. The outcome of this paper is useful for public organizations in their attempt to improve employee commitment and productivity in the public sector.
UNDERSTANDING ADMINISTRATIVE SILENCE: A VIEW OF PUBLIC OFFICERS FROM THE SUBCARPATHIA
Authors:   University of Information Technology a nd Management, Jurkowska-Gomułka Agata , Kurczewska Kamilla ,   University of Information Technology and Management, Kurzępa-Dedo Katarzyna ,   University of Information Technology and Management
Published: January 2021

This paper presents attitudes of public officers employed in public administrative institutions in Subcarpathia (a region in southeast Poland) towards administrative silence. As a background to the problem, the paper provides characteristics of the legal environment in which the Polish public administration operates regarding administrative silence. In the Polish legal system, administrative silence is expressed and described by different linguistic terms; there are also a variety of possible reactions to it. It causes not only different interpretations of legal regulation concerning the silence, but it also prevents a universal application of these provisions by public administration. The research aimed at determining what kinds of situations are recognised by Subcarpathian public officers as administrative silence (as defined in the Polish Administrative Procedure Code), what types of reactions towards administrative silence most frequently occur, and if there are any internal measures to counteract the silence. The paper concludes with the authors’ assessment of the appropriateness of the current Polish regulatory framework on administrative silence for everyday practice of regional public administration in Subcarpathia. The authors conclude that legislation does not facilitate Subcarpathian public officers to correctly understand the consequences of administrative silence. This conclusion can be broadened to public administration in other Polish regions.
Reflexiones en torno a un archivo policial de informaciones políticas y sus clasificaciones en el proceso represivo argentino
Authors: Schnyder Maria Celeste
Published: January 2021

Reflexões sobre um arquivo policial de informação política e suas classificações no processo repressivo argentino explora as diferentes perspectivas sobre os arquivos da repressão na Argentina. Adotando o enfoque dos arquivos como processo construído pela disciplina arquivística, assim como pela história e pela antropologia, estudamos o Arquivo do Departamento de Informações Policiales da província de Santiago del Estero como dispositivo de poder. Isso permite iluminar as figuras legais, os discursos científicos e saberes práticos utilizados nos relatórios policiais de inteligência das pessoas que sustentam as fichas do organismo. O artigo contribui para a discussão sobre a militarização da polícia e seu papel na repressão no país na década de 1970.
“DREAMS AND REALITY”: DESIGNING A LESSON PLAN FOR THE SECOND-YEAR STUDENTS MAJORING IN ORIENTAL PHILOLOGY
Authors: Kolodko Tetiana
Published: January 2021

The publication is a lesson plan on the topic “Dreams and Reality” within “General course of Western European language” for the second-year students majoring in Oriental Philology. The lesson is aimed at enhancing integrated English skills with a particular emphasis on speaking skills such as dialogical interaction, expressing opinion in a monologue and group discussion. Phonetic skills are enhanced through listening and reciting poetry. All the exercises suggested by the teacher meet the basic principles of communicative, student-centered approach to teaching foreign languages.
Hospitals for the mentally ill in North American states and Hamburg
Authors: Smelov N. Y.
Published: January 2021

In the fall of last year, I had the opportunity to visit the North American states and, having no time, stopped to get acquainted with hospitals for the mentally ill in the states: New York, Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, that is, in the states that are most populated, old, rich together with the most developed social life.
On the issue of acute delirium
Authors: Weidengammer V. , Brukhansky P. P.
Published: January 2021

Despite the fact that since the time of Brierre de Boismont, to whom we are obliged to isolate acute delirium, the literature on this issue has grown very much and has already counted several tens of years, at least only over the past years, thanks to a whole series of works with careful clinical description and the pathologist - anatomical research, begins to gradually dissolve the darkness in which this disease was shrouded. And the clinic, and the pathological anatomy and the pathogenesis of acute delirium gave and still still give reason to the most diverse and contradictory judgments. But out of the multitude of opinions expressed on this subject, two main main views can be distinguished.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Nikolaev V. V.
Published: January 2021

- At the meeting held in September of the Moscow Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists, the program of the projected Society "Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry named after Professor S. S. Korsakov" was approved. Then the editors of the magazine were elected, and the elected were: prof. V. K. Rot and assistant professors - V. P. Serbskiy, L. S. Minor. G. I. Rossolimo, A. A. Kornilov, S. A. Sukhanov and A. A. Tokarskiy. The program together with the petition for the authorization of the publication were forwarded to the Main Directorate for the Press. The magazine will be published in quantities of 6-12 books per year. - Weekly
The working of the urology department during the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Kul’chavenya Ekaterina V. , Kholtobin Denis P. , Neymark Alexander I.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) a pandemic. The pandemic also significantly affected all academic, scientific and educational activities.
Material and methods. We compared the work of the urological departments of the private (Medical Center Avicenna, Novosibisk) and municipal (City Clinical Hospital No. 11, Barnaul) clinics, as well as the urogenital department of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Tuberculosis of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia for 6 months of calm 2019, and the first half of 2020, which coincided with the start of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.
Results. In March 2020, the urogenital department of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Tuberculosis of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia was redesigned into an observational one. In the first half of 2020, patients with malignant neoplasms, varicocele, chronic pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, dropsy of the testicular membranes and with phimosis/paraphimosis were admitted to the urology department of the City Hospital No. 11 in Barnaul in the first half of 2020. On the contrary, statistically significant in 2020 the number of patients admitted for kidney abscess and acute prostatitis prevailed. It can be assumed that, due to the tense epidemic situation, patients postponed seeking medical attention until their condition required emergency intervention. In the Medical Center Avicenna (Novosibirsk) in the first half of 2020 the number of visits to the pediatric urologist significantly decreased, the inpatient and average bed-day decreased. On the contrary the total duration of the patients' stay in the day hospital has significantly increased, which is logically explained by the epidemic situation; there was a statistically significant decrease in the number of most operations and outpatient procedures.
Conclusion. The new coronavirus infection has affected all spheres of human life, to a maximum extent on medicine. In the first six months, no unified approaches to the management of urological patients in epidemic conditions were developed; clinics worked according to internal standards. Our analysis showed that strict adherence to sanitary and hygienic standards and the implementation of anti-epidemic measures allows us to provide urological care to patients in full-even in such unfavorable conditions.
Microbiological monitoring of causative agents of nosocomial infection in the urological clinic
Authors: Slesarevskaya Margarita N. , Spiridonova Anna A. , Krasnova Margarita V. , Reva Sergeii A. , Gadzhiev Nariman K. , Ponomareva Yulia A. , Al-Shukri Adel S. , Kuzmin Igor V. , Petrov Sergeii B. , Al-Shukri Salman Kh.
Published: January 2021

The analysis of the results of microbiological examination of urine samples of 1022 patients (559 women and 463 men) who were hospitalized at the urological clinic of the I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University in period from 2018 to 2020 was performed. The age of the patients varied from 18 to 88 years (average 63.1 17.6 years). In 587 (57.5%) patients, gram-negative microflora was detected, in 355 (34.7%) gram-positive microflora, and in 80 (7.8%) mixed microflora. Escherichia coli (28.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (20.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.1%) and bacteria of the Staphylococcaceae family (11.6%) were prevailed in the structure of uropathogens. The share of other microorganisms did not exceed 5%. A high level of microflora resistance to ampicillin, cephalosporins of the 2nd and 3rd generations, fluoroquinolones was noted. The highest level of antibiotic resistance was observed in K. pneumonia. In general the results obtained correspond to the general trends in the dynamics of the etiological structure and the level of antibiotic resistance of nosocomial urinary tract infections. This study confirms the need for local microbiological monitoring to develop optimal regimens for empiric antibiotic therapy and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
Satisfaction Levels of Cooperative Partners in The New World Order: Case of Çukobirlik
Authors: HASEKİ Murat İsmet , GÜNDÜZ Selim , ÖZÇİÇEK DÖLEKOĞLU Celile
Published: January 2021

The continuity of the organizations is directly proportional to the satisfaction of the service recipients. The presence of many partners, beneficiaries and employees in cooperatives requires high cooperation. Therefore, it is important to reveal the service quality of the cooperatives and to determine the expectations of the partners. This study was carried out in Çukobirlik, which ranks third in Turkey cooperatives and first among the agricultural cooperatives in terms of number of partners, with the aim of determining the partners’ service satisfaction, their perception related to cooperative activities and their intentions for diversification of these activities. 831 surveys were applied. 94.8% of the participants in the study are men and the agricultural production experience of 76.4% of them is over 21 years. It was seen that the satisfaction level of the partners from Çukobirlik’s services is high in all dimensions, and the dimensions of assurance, competency and enthusiasm came to the fore compared to other dimensions. With the global pandemic of Covid-19, it has once again manifested itself that agricultural production is an activity that is the first and most affected by all extraordinary situations and affects all humanity with its results. The collective production model is a guarantee of sustainability.
Neuroscience highlights : The mirror inside our brain
Authors: Krabóth Zoltán , Kálmán Bernadette
Published: January 2021

Over the second half of the 19th century, numerous theories arose concerning mechanisms involved in understanding of action, imitative learning, language development and theory of mind. These explorations gained new momentum with the discovery of the so called “mirror neurons”. Rizzolatti’s work inspired large groups of scientists seeking explanation in a new and hitherto unexplored area of how we perceive and understand the actions and intentions of others, how we learn through imitation to help our own survival, and what mechanisms have helped us to develop a unique human trait, language. Numerous studies have addressed these questions over the years, gathering information about mirror neurons themselves, their subtypes, the different brain areas involved in the mirror neuron system, their role in the above mentioned mechanisms, and the varying consequences of their dysfunction in human life. In this short review, we summarize the most important theories and discoveries that argue for the existence of the mirror neuron system, and its essential function in normal human life or some pathological conditions.
Retinal morphological changes during the two years of follow-up in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Atum Mahmut , Demiryürek Bekir Enes
Published: January 2021

The study aims to investigate the relationship between the progression of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) and retinal morphology. The study was carried out with 23 patients diagnosed with early-stage IPD (phases 1 and 2 of the Hoehn and Yahr scale) and 30 age-matched healthy controls. All patients were followed up at least two years, with 6-month intervals (initial, 6th month, 12th month, 18th month, and 24th month), and detailed neurological and ophthalmic examinations were performed at each follow-up. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS Part III) scores, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scores, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were analyzed at each visit. The average age of the IPD and control groups was 43.96 ± 4.88 years, 44.53 ± 0.83 years, respectively. The mean duration of the disease in the IPD group was 7.48 ± 5.10 months at the start of the study (range 0-16). There was no statistically significant difference in BCVA and IOP values between the two groups during the two-year follow-up period (p> 0.05, p> 0.05, respectively). Average and superior quadrant RNFL thicknesses were statistically different between the two groups at 24 months and there was no significant difference between other visits (p=0.025, p=0.034, p> 0.05, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in CMT between the two groups during the follow-up period (p> 0.05). Average and superior quadrant RNFL thicknesses were significantly thinning with the progression of IPD.
Covid-19-asszociált Guillain–Barré-szindróma első hazai esete
Authors: Al-Muhanna Nadim , Béres-Molnár Katalin Anna , Jarecsny Tamás , Folyovich András
Published: January 2021

A Guillain–Barré-szindróma (GBS) sporadikus, viszonylag ritka betegség. Legsúlyosabb formájában légzési elégtelenséghez és halálhoz vezethet. Jelenleg még nem ismert a Covid-19-betegek GBS-megbetegedési kockázata, pedig a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés elhúzódó pulmonalis károsító hatása a GBS okozta potenciális légzészavarhoz társulva nagy gyakorlati jelentőséggel bírhat. Az irodalom nem egységes a tekintetben, hogy a GBS a SARS-CoV-2 vírus direkt vagy indirekt következménye-e. A szerzôk betegük kórtörténetét ismertetik, akit hazánk első Covid-19- fertőzésen átesett GBS-betegének tartanak. Az irodalomban közölt esetekhez hasonlóan az időbeli egybeesés miatt itt feltételezhető a Covid-fertőzés trigger szerepe. Eddig egyetlen betegben sem sikerült PCR-vizsgálattal liquorból kimutatni a SARS-CoV-2 vírust, így ebben a betegben sem.
Factors Associated with the Increase in Spatial and Frontal QRS-T Angles in Patients with Inferior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sakhnova T. A. , Blinova E. V. , Merkulova I. N. , Shakhnovich R. M. , Zhukova N. S. , Sukhinina T. S. , Barysheva N. A. , Staroverov I. I.
Published: January 2021

Aim      To identify clinical, echocardiographic, and angiographic factors related with an increase in the frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-T) and the spatial QRS-T angle (sQRS-T) in patients with inferior myocardial infarction.

Material and methods  The study included 128 patients aged (median [25th percentile; 75th percentile]) 59.5 [51.5; 67.0] years diagnosed with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. fQRS-T was calculated as a module of difference between the QRS axis and the Т axis in the frontal plane. sQRS-T was calculated by a synthesized vectorcardiogram as a spatial angle between the QRS and Т integral vectors.

Results The fQRS-T for the group was 54.0 [18; 80] and sQRS-T was 80.1 [53; 110]. The correlation coefficient for fQRS-T and sQRS-T values was 0.42 (p<0.001). Both fQRS-T >80° and sQRS-T >110° compared to their lower values were associated with a higher frequency of history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis (44% and 12 %, respectively; p<0.05), a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (51 [47; 60]% at fQRS-T >80° and 55 [50; 60]% at fQRS-T <80° (p<0,05); 49 [44; 57]% at sQRS-T >110° and 57 [51; 60] % at sQRS-T <110° (p<0.01); more frequent development of acute heart failure (16 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05); and early postinfarction angina (13 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased fQRS-T was associated with a higher incidence of damage to the circumflex artery (45 and 20 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased sQRS-T was associated with a history of arterial hypertension (97 and 76 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic heart failure (22 and 3 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic kidney disease (19 and 4 %, respectively; p<0.05), and a larger myocardial lesion (mean number of damaged segments by echocardiography was 3.8 [2; 6] at sQRS-T >110° and 2.6 [1; 4] at sQRS-T <110°; p<0.01). sQRS-T was significantly greater in multivascular damage (87 [68; 121]° than in one- or two-vascular damage (72 [51; 100]°; p<0.05). sQRS-T values were significantly lower with spontaneous reperfusion (66 [29; 79] than without spontaneous reperfusion (77 [55; 115]°; p<0.05).

Conclusion      In patients after inferior wall acute myocardial infarction, increases in fQRS-T and sQRS-T were associated with more severe damage of coronary vasculature, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, and more severe course of disease.
Efficacy and Safety of Combined Treament with Ivabradine and Metoprolol in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris – a Systematic Review
Authors: Gilarevskii S. R. , Lantsova E. V. , Akimov A. A.
Published: January 2021

This article presents results of a systematic review, which was designed for evaluating the effect of combination treatment with ivabradine and metoprolol on heart rate, frequency of angina attacks, frequency of using short-acting nitrates, and angina severity. The analysis included data from three large observational studies on efficacy of the ivabradine and metoprolol tartrate combination in patients with chronic angina. Results of the analysis supported the efficacy of the metoprolol and ivabradine combination in clinical practice, which provided effective decreases in the heart rate, frequency of angina attacks, requirement for short-acting nitrates, and alleviation of angina severity. The studies demonstrated good tolerability of this treatment.
Results of Open-Label non-Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial: “BromhexIne and Spironolactone for CoronаvirUs Infection requiring hospiTalization (BISCUIT)
Authors: Mareev V. Yu. , Orlova Ya. A. , Plisyk A. G. , Pavlikova E. P. , Matskeplishvili S. T. , Akopyan Z. A. , Seredenina E. M. , Potapenko A. V. , Agapov M. A. , Asratyan D. A. , Dyachuk L. I. , Samokhodskaya L. M. , Mershina Е. А. , Sinitsyn V. E. , Pakhomov P. V. , Bulanova M. M. , Fuks A. A. , Mareev Yu. V. , Begrambekova Yu. L. , Kamalov А. А.
Published: January 2021

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a combination of bromhexine at a dose of 8 mg 4 times a day and spironolactone 50 mg per day in patients with mild and moderate COVID 19.Material and methods It was an open, prospective comparative non-randomized study. 103 patients were included (33 in the bromhexine and spironolactone group and 70 in the control group). All patients had a confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus infection (COVID 19) based on a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA and/or a typical pattern of viral pneumonia on multispiral computed tomography. The severity of lung damage was limited to stage I-II, the level of CRP should not exceed 60 mg / dL and SO2 in the air within 92-98%. The duration of treatment is 10 days.Results The decrease in scores on the SHOKS-COVID scale, which, in addition to assessing the clinical status, the dynamics of CRP (a marker of inflammation), D-dimer (a marker of thrombus formation), and the degree of lung damage on CT (primary endpoint) was statistically significant in both groups and differences between them was not identified. Analysis for the group as a whole revealed a statistically significant reduction in hospitalization time from 10.4 to 9.0 days (by 1.5 days, p=0.033) and fever time from 6.5 to 3.9 days (by 2.5 days, p<0.001). Given the incomplete balance of the groups, the main analysis included 66 patients who were match with using propensity score matching. In matched patients, temperature normalization in the bromhexine/spironolactone group occurred 2 days faster than in the control group (p=0.008). Virus elimination by the 10th day was recorded in all patients in the bromhexine/spironolactone group; the control group viremia continued in 23.3% (p=0.077). The number of patients who had a positive PCR to the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the 10th day of hospitalization or longer (≥10 days) hospitalization in the control group was 20/21 (95.2%), and in the group with bromhexine /spironolactone -14/24 (58.3%), p=0.012. The odds ratio of having a positive PCR or more than ten days of hospitalization was 0.07 (95% CI: 0.008 - 0.61, p=0.0161) with bromhexine and spironolactone versus controls. No side effects were reported in the study group.Conclusion The combination of bromhexine with spironolactone appeared effective in treating a new coronavirus infection by achieving a faster normalization of the clinical condition, lowering the temperature one and a half times faster, and reducing explanatory combine endpoint the viral load or long duration of hospitalization (≥ 10 days).
Clinical Manifestation of Stressful Cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo Syndrome) and the Problem of Differential Diagnosis with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Prokudina E. S. , Kurbatov B. K. , Maslov L. N.
Published: January 2021

The presented data show that tacotsubo syndrome (TS) is characterized by the absence of coronary artery obstruction, cardiac contractile dysfunction, apical ballooning, and heart failure, and in some patients, ST-segment elevation and prolongation of the QTc interval. Every tenth patient with TS develops ventricular arrhythmias. Most of TS patients have elevated markers of necrosis (troponin I, troponin Т, and creatine kinase МВ (CK-МВ), which are considerably lower than in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-segment elevation. The level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), in contrast, is considerably higher in patients with TS than with AMI. Differential diagnosis of TS and AMI should be based on a multifaceted approach using coronary angiography, echocardiography, analysis of ECG, magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, and measurement of troponins, CK-MB, and NT-proBNP.
Surgical treatment of rupture of the anterior wall of the left ventricle in the apical region with the formation of a false aneurysm in the acute stage of myocardial infarction
Authors: Fedorov S. A. , Kordatov P. N. , Antsygina L. N. , Petrenko V. G. , Esin S. G. , Tselousova L. M. , Krylov A. V. , Usachev D. V.
Published: January 2021

One of the most dangerous complications of acute myocardial infarction (MI) is external or internal left ventricular rupture. Despite multiple studies on early diagnostics and algorithms for routing of patients with complicated MI, mortality in this patient group remains extremely high. Presently available publications on the tactics of managing patients with cardiac rupture are very scarce, and expectancies of surgical treatment are questionable. The provided clinical example demonstrates effectiveness of early open-heart surgical intervention, which supports the requirement for aggressive tactics for patients with cardiac rupture.
III Congreso Internacional de tendencias en innovación educativa proceedings
Authors: Villalba Klinge , Lavonen Jari , Hsiang Lung , Yadav Aman
Published: January 2021

CITIE 2020, enfocado en Educación Digital Post COVID-19, debido al contexto de la La pandemia se ha desarrollado de forma virtual. CITIE promueve espacios de diálogo y reflexión entre profesores, gestores e investigadores relacionados con la educación. Esta edición de CITIE ha permitido la socialización de las tendencias e innovaciones que se están manifestando ellos mismos en diversos contextos educativos. En esta ocasión se han realizado 80 manuscritos de los cuales 36 fueron aceptados para presentación, estos se enmarcan en las áreas temáticas de este edición: • Educación digital. • Tendencias en educación. • Innovación educativa. Entendemos que la educación es la única herramienta de cambio en la sociedad y estos espacios de la socialización, como CITIE, favorece este desarrollo.
Riesgos y peligros laborales en termoeléctricas
Authors: Guzmán-González Yazhir
Published: January 2021

Introducción: la demanda de energía eléctrica va de la mano del aumento de la población, por lo que para satisfacerla se debe asegurar la capacidad de generación eléctrica, esto incentivaría la construcción de plantas térmicas; aumentando los trabajadores expuestos a los peligros de termoeléctricas. Esta revisión tiene como fin identificar cuáles riesgos y peligros en termoeléctricas han sido estudiadas en el mundo durante el periodo 2007-2017. Objetivo: identificar, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, los principales peligros a que están expuestos los trabajadores de termoeléctricas. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática teniendo en cuenta las recomendaciones de la guía PRISMA, se tuvieron en cuenta estudios acerca de los factores de riesgos a los que se exponen el personal de operaciones de centrales térmicas; para la búsqueda se establecieron dos algoritmos con descriptores DeCS y MeSH en las bases de datos Scopus, Pubmed, Scient Direct y Google académico, encontrándose 21 publicaciones que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: los peligros más relevantes para los trabajadores en termoeléctricas son físicos, ergonómicos, químicos, biológicos y psicosociales. Conclusión: los trabajadores de termoeléctricas están expuestos a varios peligros que pueden aumentar el riesgo de ocasionarles enfermedades respiratorias, musculoesqueleticas, pérdida de capacidad auditiva, cáncer, leucemia y su variedad, pericarditis, Alzheimer, Parkinson, daño genético y celular; también se pudo evidenciar que el efecto en la salud por exposición en campos magnéticos requiere de estudios de más profundidad.
Comportamientos individual y social: Estrategias para mantener acciones preventivas en tiempos de epidemia
Authors: Amaya-Castellanos Claudia
Published: January 2021

La modificación de comportamientos, como hacer un hábito el uso del tapabocas, el distanciamiento físico, el lavado de manos y el confinamiento, en una situación de pandemia (como la actual por COVID-19), puede constituirse en un reto para el individuo y la sociedad, así esto pueda representar una ganancia para la propia salud de las personas. Cuando el individuo no se percibe en riesgo frente a una condición de salud, ni identifican la gravedad de la misma, difícilmente generará cambios en sus comportamientos. Esto es más complejo cuando los comportamientos deben cambiar dependiendo los grupos de riesgo, como se requiere durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Tres acciones ayudarían en esta tarea: 1) las personas requieren estar informadas; 2) para que las personas sigan manteniendo su comportamiento deben ser reconocidas por los esfuerzos que hacen, y 3) los sujetos requieren ser motivados permanentemente a continuar con el cambio de comportamiento. Estas tres acciones evidencian que cambiar el comportamiento no solo compete al individuo, se dan en un contexto social, donde hay fuerzas económicas y políticas que favorecen o limitan estos cambios. Así, la responsabilidad para evitar la propagación del COVID-19 es una responsabilidad compartida.
Rastro conductual del asaltante sexual serial desde la perfilación criminal inductiva
Authors: Larrota-Castillo Richard , Méndez-Ferreira Arnold-Fernando , Rangel Kelly- Johanna , Sierra-Mosquera Angy Paola
Published: January 2021

La perfilación criminal ha despertado interés tanto en el contexto académico como en la cotidianidad, debido a la multiplicidad de casos aberrantes que se presentan día a día en el mundo. Es por eso que el objetivo de este artículo fue identificar a la luz del enfoque estadístico por facetas, desde la perfilación criminal de tipo inductiva, patrones conductuales inferidos de la información que se dispone de la escena del crimen de los casos de caso de Luis Alfredo Garavito Cubillo, alias “La Bestia” quien violentó y asesinó a más de 172 niños y el de Javier Velasco Valenzuela quien asesino, violó y torturó, bajo la modalidad de empalamiento, a Rosa Elvira Cely.
Bioactivity Screening and Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophytes of Carica papaya L. Leaves
Authors: Farha Lini Israt , Zinnurine Rabita , Habibur Rahman Md. , Nadira Begum Mst. , Afroz Farhana , Roy Rony Satyajit , Sharmin Suriya , Mahmood Hasan Choudhury , Hossain Sohrab Md.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This work describes the chemical and in-vitro bioactivity studies on endophytic fungi derived from the leaves of Carica papaya L. Methods: Column Chromatography was employed for isolation of fungal metabolites. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral data was utilized to elucidate the structure of the isolated compounds and physicochemical properties of them were also examined. As a part of in-vitro bioactivity screening disc diffusion method, 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, respectively. Results: A total of four fungal isolates were identified as endophytic fungi and purified from the young leaves of Carica papaya. These fungi, encoded as CPLE-1, CPLE-2, CPLE-3 and CPLE-4, were identified up to the genus level on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics as Colletotrichum sp., Carvularia sp., and next two as Alternaria sp., respectively. Chemical profiling and preliminary bioactivity screening of the fungal endophytes signified strain CPLE-3 with highest potentiality to produce bioactive compounds which directs its large scale cultivation. Ergosterol and Alternariol monomethyl ether were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fungus, CPLE-3. Conclusion: Bioactivity and chemical screening of the endophytic fungal extracts of Carica papaya leaf along with the isolation of fungal secondary metabolites suggested these endophytic fungi to be possible source of bioactive leads for developing new and improved medicines.
Conventional Therapeutic Drugs and Traditional Herbal Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19): An Update
Authors: Yadav Ramakant , Chand Yadav Yogesh
Published: January 2021

Background: Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to developing severe acute respiratory disease originated from Wuhan, China, and further spread rapidly all over the world except very few counties. On 30th January 2020, The WHO confirmed the epidemic as a community health crisis all over world. No drug was approved for treatment but some conventional and traditional medicinal plants are being used against COVID-19 infections. Objective: The present review is to illustrate current updates on conventional and traditional herbal medicine used for deterrent and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Search engines like Scopus, Pubmed, and World Health Organization (WHO) literature on current advances about novel coronavirus (COVID-19) were reviewed. Discussion and Conclusion: Current research data indicated that the outbreaks caused by SARS MERS and COVID-19 have produced substantial community health problems. Currently, there are no vaccines for prevention or specific treatments however it can be managed by using oxygen therapy, convalescent plasma therapy, antimalarial drugs, and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Many traditional herbal and Chinese medicines may be useful.
Editorial — Systems Biology Approach for Identification of Essential Growth Factors in Retinal Regeneration
Authors: Soheili Zahra-Soheila
Published: January 2021

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
Multiplex PCR for Detection of Herpes Simplex Viruses Type-1 and Type-2, Cytomegalovirus, Varicella-zoster Virus, and Adenovirus in Ocular Viral Infections
Authors: Nishat H Ahmed , Satpathy Gita , Chawla Rohan , Tandon Radhika
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Most common viruses causing ocular infections are Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV) type 1 and type 2, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Varicella-zoster Virus (VZV), and few strains of Adenovirus. Diagnosis of these infections through clinical manifestations and using conventional methods has a number of limitations. The purpose of this study was to develop a multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for simultaneous detection of all pathogenic viruses from ocular infections.
Methods: Ten uniplex PCRs were standardized, two each for HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), CMV, VZV, and Adenovirus. Various multiplexing combinations of above PCRs were put to finalize targets and reaction conditions enabling diagnosis of all in a single reaction. The uniplex and multiplex PCRs were run for known positive and negative controls, and samples from clinically suspected patients and healthy controls.
Results: Out of the 170 samples from suspected ocular infections, 24.7% were positive by uniplex PCR and 22.9% were correctly identified by multiplex PCR. None of the samples negative by uniplex PCRs was positive by the multiplex PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of multiplex PCR compared to the commonly used uniplex PCRs as gold standard was 92.86% and 100%, respectively. The prevalence of different viral pathogens was 13.5% for HSV-1, followed by 5.9% for Adenovirus, 2.4% for VZV, 1.8% for HSV-2, and 1.2% for CMV.
Conclusion: The establishment of multiplex PCR has found immediate application in diagnosing ocular viral pathogens in a single reaction, thus saving time, manpower, and resources by fivefold.
Intraocular Injection of Stivant® (A Biosimilar to Bevacizumab): A Case Series
Authors: Mirshahi Ahmad , Lashay Alireza , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin , Khojasteh Hassan , Ghassemi Fariba , Bazvand Fatemeh , Khodabande Alireza , Roohipour Ramak , Khalili Pour Elias , Faghihi Hooshang
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To report the results of intravitreal injection of a bevacizumab biosimilar called Stivant®.
Methods: This prospective interventional case series was conducted on eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and diabetic macular edema (DME). Stivant® was injected in three consecutive months and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured at baseline and monthly up to one month after the third injection.
Results: Three hundred and eighty-five eyes with DME (234 eyes, 61%), nAMD (87 eyes, 22%), and macular edema secondary to RVO (64 eyes, 17%) were enrolled. The mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 61.7 ± 7.20 years. The mean BCVA and CMT changed from 0.63 ± 0.3 to 0.51 ± 0.3 LogMAR (P = 0.12 ) and from 420.4 ± 47.3μm at baseline to 316.7 ± 50.6 μm (P < 0.001) in the DME group; from 0.79 ± 0.3 to 0.68 ± 0.3 LogMAR (P = 0.19) and from 376.1 ± 31.7 μm to 303 ± 31.3 μm (P = 0.019) in the nAMD group; and from 0.81 ± 0.4 to 0.63 ± 0.4 LogMAR (P = 0.05) and from 424.21 ± 18 μm to 303.4 ± 18.8 μm (P < 0.001) in the RVO group, respectively.
Conclusion: Our limited experience showed that the intravitreal injection of Stivant® was well tolerated. Although the results of this case series showed relative improvement in CMT one month after the last injection of Stivant®, BCVA improvement was statistically significant only in the RVO group. This would be essential to design a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the non-inferiority of Stivant® in comparison to bevacizumab.
Prognostic Factors Associated with Ocriplasmin Efficacy for the Treatment of Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion and Full-thickness Macular Hole: Analysis from Four Studies
Authors: Joondeph Brian C. , Willems Paul , Raber Thomas , Duchateau Luc , Markoff Joseph
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To assess the effect of patient baseline characteristics on the efficacy of ocriplasmin treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) from phase 3/4 studies.
Methods: Patients with symptomatic VMA and FTMH at baseline and receiving ocriplasmin treatment 125
The Adequate Number of Histopathology Cross-sections of Temporal Artery Biopsy in Establishing the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Ali-Akbar Navahi Roshanak , Chaibakhsh Samira , Amirpooya Alemzadeh Sayyed , Abri Aghdam Kaveh
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To determine the appropriate number of histopathological cross-sections that are required for a conclusive diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA).
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the number of sections per slide for paraffin-embedded blocks for 100 randomly selected cases where GCA was suspected and those for negative temporal artery biopsies (TABs) were compared with the number of cross-sections per specimen for eight positive-TABs. All aforementioned examinations were conducted at our center from 2012 to 2016. Then, negative-TABs were retrieved and re-evaluated using light microscopy considering the histopathological findings of GCA.
Results: Ninety-five paraffin blocks were retrieved. The original mean biopsy length was 15.39 ± 7.56 mm. Comparison of the mean number of cross-sections per specimen for both the positiveand negative-TABs (9.25 ± 3.37 and 9.53 ± 2.46) showed that 9.87 ± 2.77 [95% confidence intervals (CI)] cross-sections per specimen were sufficient for a precise GCA diagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean biopsy length (P = 0.142) among the eight positive-TABs. Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the number of cross-sections per specimen (P = 0.990) for positive-TABs compared to those for the negative-TABs. After the retrieval of negative-TABs, the mean number of total pre- and post-retrieval cross-sections per specimen was 17.66 ± 4.43. Among all retrieved specimens, only one case (0.01%) showed the histopathological features of healed arteritis.
Conclusion: Positive-TABs did not reveal more histological cross-sections than the negative ones and increasing the number of cross-sections did not enhance the accuracy of TAB.
Crystalline Lens Staining with Intracameral Phenylephrine During Cataract Surgery
Authors: Tsatsos Michael , Athanasiadis Ioannis , Gizzi Corrado , Moschos Marilita , Sharma Anant
Published: January 2021

This is a Photo Essay and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
Topical Umbilical Cord Serum for Corneal Epithelial Defects after Diabetic Vitrectomy
Authors: Srirampur Arjun
Published: January 2021

This is a Letter to the Editor. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
A relação entre o Programa Residência Pedagógica e a Formação Continuada de Professores Preceptores
Authors: Piccolo Becker Eriques , Sawitzki Rosalvo Luis , Almeida Callai Ana Nathalia , Perini Borck Mariana
Published: January 2021

O corrente trabalho, fruto de um estudo realizado através de uma Iniciação Científica e desenvolvido em 2019, versa sobre a relação entre o Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP) e o processo de Formação Continuada (FC)  de professores que, neste caso, atuam como preceptores no referido programa. Com o objetivo de identificar e perceber como o PRP age no processo de FC desses professores, além de compreender a importância da FC na atuação docente, o estudo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como métodos para a coleta de dados observações semanais que aconteceram semanalmente na Instituição de Ensino Superior que ocorria o PRP. Nessas reuniões, encontravam-se todos os participantes do programa, possibilitando um intenso debate acerca do trabalho do professorado. A partir das observações realizadas e da busca bibliográfica pode-se chegar a fase de analisar e discutir os resultados. Portanto, com o fim da pesquisa, percebe-se que o PRP se caracteriza como espaço de FC ao apresentar momentos formativos de compartilhamento de experiências e de trocas de saberes entre agentes educacionais de diferentes níveis (acadêmicos residentes, professores da educação básica - preceptores e professores do ensino superior - coordenadores). Além disso, destaca-se a importância da FC na prática pedagógica, pois esta auxilia os docentes em seu dia-a-dia, possibilitando reflexões e melhorias em sua formação profissional.
O caso das relativas do Português e do Árabe: Um estudo sobre ensino da Língua Árabe
Authors: Moreira Matheus Magalhães , Souza Gomes da Silva Bianca Graziela
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, serão apresentadas as estratégias de relativização do português, em um contraste entre a tradição e as estruturas nela não contempladas; e a relativa do árabe, para a investigação sobre como realizar a compensação entre a construção relativa árabe e uma estratégia de relativização do PB, a saber, a estratégia copiadora, na busca de se refletir sobre o ensino da língua árabe no que diz respeito à tradução de estruturas desse idioma para o português. A partir da compreensão de que a oração relativa padrão do árabe é similar a uma forma não padrão de relativa no português, pretendemos observar se os estudantes tendem a traduzir de um idioma para outro com influência da língua alvo, ou seja, se ao traduzir do árabe para o português, os estudantes brasileiros de árabe marcam a cópia da relativa árabe na forma final da relativa do português, gerando uma estratégia copiadora. Assim, qual seria a questão: (1) a influência do árabe no português, demonstrada na tradução literal da língua estrangeira para a materna, ou (2) a influência do português, no uso de formas relativas não padrão comuns aos estudantes? Realizamos testes de tradução que apontaram a utilização da relativa não padrão menos produtiva no português, indicando poder se tratar de influência da cópia da relativa árabe.
“Me conhecendo em alemão”: um estudo de caso da avaliação enquanto reflexão docente
Authors: Silveira Ana Clara Neves , Vasconcelos Alice Pellegrini , Feitosa Mariana De Lima
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar três grandes reflexões nascidas durante nosso último estágio da Licenciatura em Letras - Alemão na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), no segundo semestre de 2019, sendo elas: 1) Como fizemos a avaliação durante todo o percurso considerando seus diferentes formatos?; 2) Qual foi a importância da (auto-)observação durante nosso processo de formação?; e 3) Quão relevante foi trabalhar considerando os conhecimentos linguísticos dos alunos/as, de modo a não corroborar para um ensino de viés monolíngue? Ao longo do artigo apresentamos e discutimos as atividades realizadas por nós no minicurso, que tiveram como foco a troca e compartilhamento constantes de afetos e experiências, guiaram os macro e micro planejamentos do curso e foram a base estrutural das aulas. Para responder aos questionamentos, lançamos mão, principalmente, dos conceitos de avaliação propostos por Régnier (1999) e de (auto-)observação ampliado por Mattos (2002). Dos resultados obtidos, destacamos a produção escrita e oral dos alunos/as, em alemão, de uma pequena autobiografia, da qual resultou uma espécie de anuário da turma. Procuramos pensar nas questões linguísticas de uma forma progressiva, priorizando seus interesses e afetos, e aspectos comunicativos e culturais da Língua e Cultura alemãs em São Paulo trazidos por nós e, principalmente, pelos alunos/as, sempre a “desestrangeirizar” o alemão para eles.
Por uma educação linguística Translíngue e Decolonial: questões para o ensino de alemão
Authors: Grilli Marina
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, defende-se a substituição de muitas práticas de ensino de alemão já consolidadas no Brasil pela educação linguística crítica em alemão. Primeiro, revisita-se o lugar ocupado pela língua alemã na história do Brasil desde 1824, passando por todas as mudanças nas leis que regem o ensino de línguas nas escolas até chegar ao estágio da globalização em que estamos hoje, argumentando que a língua alemã, apesar de ocupar uma posição global hegemônica, não desfruta do status de língua hegemônica no Brasil. Então, é apresentada a definição daquilo que se entende por línguas enquanto invenção da colonialidade europeia, definição essa contrastada com os conceitos de decolonialidade e translinguismo, sempre com o objetivo de estabelecer um diálogo entre esses conceitos e o ensino de alemão no Brasil. Discute-se ainda a concepção de colonialidade linguística, num esforço de explicitar sua forte presença nas práticas de ensino de línguas no Brasil. A partir de definições dos termos educação e ensino, chega-se a uma definição de educação linguística. A quarta seção apresenta provocações práticas para a educação linguística em alemão para o povo brasileiro, e as considerações finais reforçam que uma tal educação linguística só pode ser construída a partir de uma perspectiva translíngue e decolonial.