bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FILM TRAINING AS A METHOD OF DEVELOPING THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS OF PRE-PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL TRAINING
Authors: NEKLYUDOVA L.V.
Published: November 2024

In this study, an attempt is made to substantiate film training as a method of developing the emotional intelligence of students of pre-professional psychological and pedagogical training. The article clarifies the concept of “film training” taking into account preprofessional training. The specifics of the use of film training in preprofessional training are determined, its types are identified and characterized. The structure and rules of the film training class are described. The value indicators of the film training class for this training are formulated. Lists of films have been compiled to solve various tasks. Examples of questions concerning the characters of the film are given. An empirical study was conducted to study the development of emotional intelligence of students of preprofessional psychological and pedagogical training. The data obtained indicate that the results of the development of emotional intelligence in adolescents are significantly higher when using film training in classes in pre-professional psychological and pedagogical training.
THE USE OF VIRTUAL MUSEUM EXPOSITIONS IN THE COURSE OF "METHODS OF HISTORY TEACHING"
Authors: DEMINA S.S.
Published: November 2024

Virtual resources of museums are very useful for training pre-service history teachers. They raise the cultural level of students and allow them to form the abilities necessary for their professional activities. The author describes three stages of using virtual museum resources in the training course “Methods of history teaching" at a pedagogical university.
STUDYING PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL BASED ON A SYSTEM APPROACH
Authors: NASONOVA E.D.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the issues of developing skills in solving optimization problems containing a parameter in primary and secondary schools. Models of this type belong to the class of optimization problems studied within the “Mathematics and Computer Science" discipline. They can also be considered parametric tasks which are reflected in the testing and measuring materials of the unified state exam in specialized mathematics. The article analyzes general approaches to the study of optimization problems and problems with a parameter, implemented in mathematics and computer science lessons in primary and secondary schools, and considers a separate type of school parametric optimization problems solved by elementary methods. The author emphasizes the lack of a holistic approach to the study of optimization models in the field of “Mathematics and Computer Science”, since the content of these disciplines includes only individual topics, such as searching for the extremum of a function of one variable, modeling and formalization, and other sections that are not connected by the general logic of presentation. To implement a systematic approach to the study of optimization problems, including optimization problems with a parameter, it is proposed to develop an interdisciplinary elective course in mathematics and computer science within which methods of mathematics and computer science applied to solving optimization problems of various types can be studied.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN CONTENT MARKETING PADA AKUN INSTAGRAM @chickenwilliam TAHUN 2024
Authors: Cahyani Denisa Putri , Junipriansa Donni
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu Chicken William dalam mengembangkan konten di akun Instagram @chickenwilliam untuk menarik lebih banyak konsumen dan memberikan informasi yang relevan. Permasalahan penelitian bermula dari kurangnya aktivitas rutin pada akun Instagram, lebih fokus pada penjualan langsung dan mengabaikan pembuatan dan penjadwalan konten. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini menyelidiki dampak pengaruh sosial terhadap kualitas pemasaran konten di Chicken William. Metodologi penelitian meliputi dimensi POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, dan Controlling), dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun ada keinginan untuk meningkatkan penjualan melalui konten, terdapat kurangnya penjadwalan dan variasi konten.
The organisation and outcomes of supported employment in	Britain
Authors: Stephen Beyer  , Mark Kilsby  , Julia Shearn
Published: November 2024

The study involved a questionnaire survey of all Supported Employment Agencies in Great Britain. The Agencies who responded (numbering 101 or 48%) supported in jobs, 90.3% those supported worked for under 16 hours per week and 30% small amount up to limits allowing them to retain their welfare benefit income. Of supported workers, 78% employment. Job Coach support was found to fall over time to a mean of one hour per week by the eighth month of work while mean hours worked remained stable in the first year at around 16 hours per week. A cost : benefit analysis showed workers gained {\pounds}2.47 for every {\pounds}1 they lost in taking up employment, and taxpayers received 43p back in savings for each {\pounds}1 invested. Taxpayer cost : benefit improved over time, recouping 54p for every
Continuous quality improvement in supported employment: a European	perspective
Authors: Patricia Noonan Walsh  , David Mank  , Stephen Beyer  , Rebecca McDonald  , Ann O'Bryan
Published: November 2024

Supported employment has reached thousands of men and women with developmental disabilities in Europe. Each country has developed programs which best fit its distinctive social and economic context. While this diversity reflects local conditions, it also challenges those charged with evaluating current programs and planning to maintain and improve quality. This paper documents the application of CQI - Continuous Quality Improvement - to eight supported employment programs operating in the European Union. A Quality Project Team - the authors - visited programs in Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Spain during 1997 to conduct CQI workshops with service providers, supported employees and their families, employers, co-workers and other partners in the community. The evaluation process is described and further developments to improve the quality of employment services are proposed.
The impact of employment on the quality of life of people with an	intellectual disability
Authors: Ian Eggleton  , Sue Robertson  , Justine Ryan  , Ralph Kober
Published: November 2024

This article reports the results of an evaluation of the impact on employment on the quality of life reported by a sample of people with an intellectual disability drawn from the register of Edge Employment Solutions incorporated, a large Australian competitive employment agency. Specifically, the article compares the quality of life of a group of individuals placed in open employment through the agency (some of who previously attended a sheltered workshop) with that of a matched sample of individuals seeking employment through the agency (all of whom were unemployed, but some of whom attended a sheltered workshop, whilst the others remained at home.) The results indicate that employed individuals report a statistically significantly higher quality of life than their unemployed counterparts. Amongst the employed group, no statistically significant difference in quality of life was reported by those who previously had attended a sheltered workshop and those who previously had remained at home. Amongst the unemployed group, no statistically significant difference in the quality of life reported by individuals attending a sheltered workshop and those remaining at home, was observed.
The cost-efficiency of supported employment programs: A literature	review
Authors: Robert E. Cimera
Published: November 2024

Twenty-one studies on the cost-efficiency of supported employment were reviewed to answer three questions: (a) ``Is supported employment cost-efficient?'' (b) ``Are supported employees with severe or multiple disabilities cost-efficient?'' and (c) ``Are certain models of supported employment more cost-efficient than others?'' This review concluded that supported employment is eventually cost-efficient from the worker's and taxpayer's perspectives. Further, all supported employees are cost-efficient, however, individuals with mild mental retardation are more cost-efficient than individuals with severe mental retardation. Finally, although literature is sparse, individual placements appear to be the most cost-efficient methods of supported employment.
Supported employment: It's working in Alabama
Authors: Valerie Brooke  , Howard Green  , Dan O'Brien  , Byron White  , Amy Armstrong
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the changes that one southern state made to improve the quality of employment services for individuals with significant disabilities. A new supported employment payment system is shared that compensates the employment service providers based upon the outcomes achieved by the employee in competitive employment. In addition, a newly developed personnel training certificate program will be shared that integrates the new payment system with best practices in supported employment using an employee-directed approach. Participant training data and preliminary outcomes will demonstrate the supported employment quality improvements.
The progression of disability benefits
Authors: Brian T. McMahon  , Carolyn E. Danczyk-Hawley  , Chris Reid  , Bruce S. Flynn  , Rochelle Habeck  , John Kregel  , Pat Owens
Published: November 2024

Progression of Disability Benefits refers to the migration of workers with work-limiting disabilities as they move through a system of economic disability benefits resulting in their ultimate placement into the Social Security disability system. This article documents and describes this phenomenon by examining the phases of short term, long term, and social security disability compensation systems. Implications for disability policy, disability management programming, and future research directions are discussed.
Disability management practitioners: A work behavior	analysis
Authors: Fong Chan  , Darrell Taylor  , Kenneth Currier  , Chetwyn C.H. Chan  , Christopher Wood  , John Lui
Published: November 2024

Providers of Disability Management services were surveyed regarding their perceptions of major job functions and corresponding knowledge and skill requirements. The results indicated that knowledge in the areas of Case Management Techniques, Psychosocial Intervention, Vocational Aspects of Disability, Managed Care and Managed Disability, and Human Resources/Business is essential to perform Disability Management job functions. Implications for Disability Management training and clinical practice are discussed.
Social validation of outcomes achieved by the Louisiana Home of My	Own (LA-HMO) initiative
Authors: Philip G. Wilson  , Jane M. Everson
Published: November 2024

The Louisiana Home of My Own (LA-HMO) initiative conducted four social validation strategies: (1) satisfaction of homeowners and their team members with the houses purchased by the homeowners; (2) desirability of the purchased homes from the perspectives of other potential homeowners; (3) preliminary analyses of homeowners' monthly housing expenses and support costs to determine emerging costs and potential benefits; and (4) community acceptance of homeowners. The results indicate that consumers are satisfied with the houses purchased by homeowners; financial benefits are beginning to accrue and are projected to increase over time; other potential homeowners rate the houses purchased by initiative homeowners as desirable; and neighbors are accepting and supportive of homeowners.
The recovery process and chronic illness and disability:	Applications and implications
Authors: Bishop Malachy
Published: November 2024

Individuals who acquire a chronic illness or disability face a number of significant and profound challenges. Among these is coping with the permanence of the condition and its effects. Rehabilitation counselors working with people who are in the process of coping with such realities may feel that they have little to offer in the face of such monumental life changes. The recovery concept, which has, over the last decade, been receiving increased attention in the mental health literature, offers counselors and consumers a positive framework for healing and growth in the face of chronic disability. The recovery process and its potential application in working with persons with chronic illnesses and disabilities are presented in this paper. Recovery-based implications for rehabilitation service systems are also addressed.
Employers' perceptions of employees with mental retardation
Authors: Olson Deborah , Cioffi Andrea , Yovanoff Paul , Mank David
Published: November 2024

The attitudes of employers of people with mental retardation were examined through a survey distributed nationally. Employers of all sizes have favorable experiences in employing people with mental retardation and value the training provided by supported employment service providers. Common accommodations to employees with mental retardation include extra supervision time, providing flexible hours and using the services of a job coach. These accommodations are perceived to be of minimal cost to the company. In terms of human resource management, employees with mental retardation are viewed as costing companies the same or less than employees without disabilities, except in the area of supervision and training. In this area, employees with mental retardation are perceived to cost more than employees without disabilities. The implications of these findings for employment support providers are discussed.
Preparing students with mild disabilities for careers in	technology: A process and recommendations from Iowa's High School High Tech	program
Authors: Nietupski John A. , McQuillen Terry , Berg Deana Duncan , Daugherty Vicki , Hamre-Nietupski Susan M.
Published: November 2024

Postsecondary education and employment outcomes for students with mild disabilities are disappointing. This article describes an innovative approach to preparing high school students with mild disabilities for challenging careers in high tech industries, called High School High Tech (HSHT). Following a brief overview of the HSHT model and Iowa's program, the authors offer a seven-step process for establishing effective transition efforts. The article concludes with a description of the results of Iowa's HSHT program over the past three years, and recommendations for program enhancements based on Iowa's findings. The information presented here is intended to assist education and rehabilitation professionals in helping students make informed, high tech career choices and enter postsecondary education programs that further prepare them for challenging, financially rewarding high tech careers.
A survey of training and technical assistance needs of	community-based rehabilitation providers
Authors: Wehman Paul , Barcus Michael , Wilson Kristi
Published: November 2024

A national survey of training and information needs of organizations and individuals involved with vocational rehabilitation service provision was conducted. A total of 277 surveys were received from 46 states and the District of Columbia, with at least one survey received from each responding state. The purpose of the survey was to establish a benchmark for training, technical assistance and information needs on how to support persons with disabilities in gaining employment.
Jimbo's Jumbos: A primer on small business planning
Authors: Griffin Cary , Hammis David
Published: November 2024

This article is a composite of several small businesses owned and operated by individuals with significant disabilities. The article presents a case study type review of the major activities and considerations when designing an enterprise.
Strategies for increasing interactions in supported employment	settings: An updated review
Authors: Storey Keith
Published: November 2024

Integration of workers with disabilities is a critical outcome of supported employment. But in practice it has been difficult to achieve. This paper reviews data-based research designed to increase the social interactions of workers with disabilities in supported employment settings. The literature is divided into four areas for review (social skills instruction, communication instruction, problem solving, and co-worker assistance). Specific interventions for increasing integration are analyzed and evaluated with suggestions for best practice for instructional procedures. Recommendations for future research are discussed.
Barriers to employment among people with epilepsy: Report of a	focus group
Authors: Bishop Malachy
Published: November 2024

Attaining employment as a person with epilepsy often involves the negotiation of numerous obstacles. Complex and interrelated, these obstacles include navigating the relationship between work, epilepsy, and its treatment, often in the context of negative and uninformed attitudes and beliefs of employers and co-workers. This article reports the results of a focus group in which the employment-related challenges and successes of people with epilepsy were explored. The results underscore the complexity of the process of seeking, attaining, and maintaining work as a person with epilepsy. The results are discussed in terms of the implications for rehabilitation professionals who are working to help people with epilepsy to successfully find and maintain employment.
Employment of transition-age rehabilitation consumers: Demographic	and programmatic factors
Authors: Rabren Karen , Hall George , Brown Clarence
Published: November 2024

This study examines the relationship between employment obtained through vocational rehabilitation services (VR) and a number of demographic and programmatic variables for 599 transition-age VR consumers in a southeastern state of the United States. The four demographic variables in this study were, (a) gender, (b) race, (c) disability and (d) county population. The five programmatic variables included (a) diploma exit status, (b) hours outside the general education classroom, (c) age at VR application date, (d) grade at VR application date, and (e) grade difference at application date. Matching case data from a vocational rehabilitation data base and a special education post-school student data base were combined to determine the extent to which these demographic and programmatic variables impacted the rehabilitation outcome of employment for these consumers. Consistent with previous studies, gender was significantly related to this outcome, in that males were more likely to be rehabilitated to employment than females. A second variable, hours outside the general education classroom, also was found to be significant to the employment of these young adults. Race, however, was not found to be a significant predictor of employment for these transition-age VR consumers.
Evaluating the effectiveness of culture brokering training to	enhance cultural competence of independent living center staff
Authors: Moffat John , Tung Jun-Yuan
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Mandated to provide services to unserved and underserved minority populations, independent living centers are seeking strategies to increase their service proficiency and outreach effectiveness. This need is currently being addressed through a training and research collaboration combining a service intervention model called Culture Brokering and the examination and analysis of the effectiveness of Culture Brokering training on outreach to culturally diverse communities of people with disabilities.

Study design: 50 participants attending Culture Brokering workshops were given pre and post questionnaires to measure their knowledge gained and any change in their cultural competence resulting from application of that knowledge. The independent variable for the study was the culture brokering workshops. The dependent variables were the scores assessed by the pre – post knowledge questionnaire and competence questionnaire. Nonparametric tests were used to analyze the pre-test and post-test knowledge questionnaire scores. A paired t-test was applied to the competence questionnaire scores between pre-test and post-test.

Results: Forty-one out of 49 participants (84%) increased their knowledge scores after the workshop. Workshop participants increased their cultural competence scores on 35 items of the 36 items (97%); 25 (69%) items were increased with statistical significance. Twenty-nine out of 41 participants (71%) increased their total scores after the workshop.

Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that culture brokering workshops had positive effects on participants' culture brokering knowledge and cultural competence. More research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of Culture Brokering training on consumer satisfaction and community outreach to minority populations.
Knocking on the door: The integration of emerging disability	groups into independent living
Authors: Kim KyungMee , Fox Michael H.
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Understand the obstacles and benefits of greater integration of people with emerging disabilities into the independent living movement through two primary research questions: how do Centers for Independent Living (CILs) provide services to people with emerging disabilities, and, what more can be done with them by these centers?

Study Design: Phone interviews and focus groups were used to interview 102 people with disabilities recruited through CILs in Kansas. Data for this study were analyzed by using constant comparative analysis.

Results: Five major themes on possible roles for CILs emerged: Outreach, disability awareness, health referral, employment assistance, and improved help at home.

Conclusions: An expanded role of Centers for Independent Living can develop that recognizes, accepts and supports emerging disability groups.
"Common factors" in rehabilitation counseling: Expectancies and	the working alliance
Authors: McMahon Brian T. , Shaw Linda R. , Chan Fong , Danczyk-Hawley Carolyn
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is to describe two constructs recently highlighted in the counseling psychology literature – working alliance and counseling expectancies – and to describe first steps toward their application in vocational rehabilitation. As consumer and counselor embark on the vocational rehabilitation experience, differences in expectations may lead to a strained relationship and subsequent poor outcomes. In recognition of this challenge, the authors undertook a research project to give meaning and impetus to the concept of consumer empowerment in a manner that would maximize VR outcomes. Specifically, enhancing the quality of the working alliance between counselors and consumers is presented as one way to achieve these goals.
Employment outcomes research in vocational rehabilitation:	Implications for Rehabilitation Counselor (RC) training
Authors: Fraser Robert T. , Vandergoot David , Thomas Dale , Wagner Christopher C.
Published: November 2024

This paper reviews salient categories of rehabilitation programs' employment outcomes research, as recently presented by the authors at the May 2002 "Bridging Gaps" conference, sponsored by the National Institute of Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) and the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services (OSERS), US Department of Education and several co-sponsors (e.g., the American Psychological Association/Rehabilitation Psychology, Division 22, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to review these findings and draw the most relevant implications for rehabilitation counselor training programs' curricula. The paper begins with a review of the contextual changes affecting vocational rehabilitation (VR) services delivery today and then presents employment outcomes research findings as related to the vocational rehabilitation participant, the rehabilitation counselor in the placement process, and the actual services provided. Implications for rehabilitation counseling curricula are presented not only in relation to job placement coursework, but also coursework relating to counseling strategies, vocational assessment, and medical aspects of disability. Modifications to coursework in the above areas (and potentially others) should have impact in preparing more of an "employment outcomes skilled and oriented" RC program graduate.
Correlational designs in rehabilitation research
Authors: Fitzgerald Shawn M. , Rumrill, Jr. Phillip D. , Schenker Jason D.
Published: November 2024

The article describes correlational research designs as a method for testing relationships between or among variables of interest in the lives of people with disabilities. The authors describe conceptual aspects of correlational research, discuss the methods by which researchers select variables for this type of inquiry, explain the primary purposes of correlational studies, and overview data analytic strategies. These discussions are illustrated with examples from the contemporary vocational rehabilitation literature.
A one-year follow-up study on psychosocial adaptation of college	students with disabilities
Authors: Martz Erin
Published: November 2024

Of the 97 students with disabilities who completed a questionnaire on adaptation to disability, 39 responded to the same survey one year later. The two purposes of this follow-up study were to examine whether individuals' adaptation scores had significantly changed during the year and whether the results found by Livneh et al. [17] could be replicated. Two distinct statistical analyses were run. The results of a multivariate repeated-measures analysis indicated that there was a not a significant difference in adaptation scores after one year. In a post-hoc repeated-measures analysis, time since injury (TSI) was added as a between-group factor, which resulted in a significant difference in adaptation scores according to TSI but no interaction with time of assessment (the within-group factor). The results of the second analysis, which involved a multiple regression analysis on adaptation, were similar to Livneh et al.'s [17] study in several ways. The implications of this one-year follow-up study were articulated.
Postsecondary education across the USA: Experiences of adults with	disabilities
Authors: Dowrick Peter W. , Anderson John , Heyer Katharina , Acosta Joie
Published: November 2024

While postsecondary education participation statistics are available, there is little research that gives voice to the experiences and perceptions of individuals with disabilities. In this study, focus groups were conducted in 10 disparate states to explore student identified barriers to the access and utilization of educational supports and subsequent employment. Results indicated that students with disabilities still have difficulty obtaining basic accommodations and supports. Discriminatory attitudes and assumptions about their ability also negatively impacted these individuals in postsecondary education and the workplace. Findings suggest that while progress has been made to increase their success, support services should be better coordinated. Programs to educate faculty, peers, and employers need to be implemented to decrease discriminatory attitudes and further increase these students' success in postsecondary education and subsequent employment.
Person centered funding: Using vouchers and personal budgets to	support recovery and employment for people with psychiatric disabilities
Authors: O'Brien Dan , Ford Laurie , Malloy JoAnne M.
Published: November 2024

Alternate funding arrangements such as personal budgets and vouchers have the potential to allow consumers to re-direct service system funding towards their desired outcomes, including employment. Voucher and personal budget systems typically include methods to provide person-centered planning and decision support. Facilitated decision-making systems allow consumers to reclaim lost confidence. The act of directing, with decision support as needed, one's own services counterbalances the disempowering effects of mental illness and its treatment. Decision support services related to personal budgets and vouchers can assist consumers to negotiate for positive employment outcomes. The Dollars and Sense Individual Career Account project in New Hampshire and the KEYS to Employment Project in Oklahoma described in this paper are two successful experiments in alternate funding arrangements for individuals with a psychiatric disability. Both projects were based on the assumption that to change the system, the consumer/customer, must be in charge of financial resources.
Recent innovations in small-N designs for rehabilitation research:	An extension of Cowan, Hennessey, Vierstra, and Rumrill
Authors: McDougall Dennis , Smith Garnett , Black Rhonda , Rumrill Phillip
Published: November 2024

This article describes two recent innovations in small-N research design and illustrates how these novel designs apply to research in vocational rehabilitation. The first innovation, the range-bound changing criterion design, is nearly identical to the classic changing criterion except that the former design utilizes a range criterion – that is, an upper and lower limit – instead of a single-point criterion. The second design innovation, the distributed criterion design, incorporates elements of the multiple baseline, reversal, and changing criterion designs. It is well suited to investigations where participants allocate time for multiple tasks and adjust their performance in response to changing environmental demands. By introducing these two recent innovations, this article expands options available to rehabilitation researchers who use small-N research designs.
Psychological resources and mental health among the	difficult-to-employ: Can a pre-employment training program make a	difference?
Authors: Matt Georg E. , Bellardita Lara , Fischer Gene , Silverman Scott
Published: November 2024

Psychological distress and resources were examined in an ethnically diverse sample of low-education, unemployed, and difficult-to-employ persons who participated in a three-week pre-employment training program (STRIVE). Compared to the general population, applicants to the program exhibited significantly higher levels of psychological distress. Men showed significantly higher levels of depression and anxiety, less self-esteem, and more dysfunctional attributions than women. Caucasian applicants showed higher levels of depression and anxiety and lower levels of self-efficacy and self-esteem. The gender differences in depression and powerful other attributions were moderated by ethnicity. Graduates of the program showed the strongest improvements with respect to self-esteem (d=0.65) and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy increased more for Latino (d=0.79) and African-American (d=0.52) than Caucasian participants (d=0.34). Graduates showed significantly higher levels of internal attributions (d=0.42), lower levels of chance attributions (d=−0.16), and less depression (d=−0.38) than when they applied to the program. A subsample of graduates completed follow-ups between 2–8 months after graduation, showing persistent though smaller improvements compared to baseline. These findings suggest that pre-employment training programs can play a potentially important role in reducing psychological distress and strengthening psychological resources in difficult-to-employ and ethnically diverse populations trying to reenter the labor market. Limitations of this study and future direction for applied psychological research in the large and growing population of hard-to-employ persons are discussed.
Assistive technology: Choosing the right tool for the right	job
Authors: Gamble Mandy J. , Dowler Denetta L. , Orslene Louis E.
Published: November 2024

Rehabilitation professionals are often required to make decisions about the benefits of using assistive technology in the workplace. Knowledge of current resources and a systematic process for identifying and selecting AT increase the likelihood of successful consumer outcomes. Increased access to assistive technology has opened employment opportunities for many individuals with disabilities, but barriers to successful accommodation include inappropriate selection of AT and discontinuance of the implemented technology. This article presents a review of relevant literature on the use of workplace AT and describes a model for selecting appropriate assistive technology.
An analysis of assistive technology supports and services offered	in postsecondary educational institutions
Authors: Stodden Robert A. , Roberts Kelly D. , Picklesimer Tammie , Jackson David , Chang Chuan
Published: November 2024

The National Center for the Study of Postsecondary Education Supports (NCSPES) at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa-Center on Disability Studies (CDS) conducted a study that consisted of one survey distributed twice (the second distribution was two years after the first) to a national sample of approximately 1,600 Disability Support Coordinators working in postsecondary educational institutions. The survey focused on the types and frequency of educational supports, accommodations, and services offered to students with disabilities attending two- and four-year postsecondary institutions. This article reports on the findings from two sections of the survey: one, that asked the respondents to address their institutions capacity to offer assistive technology (AT) supports, accommodations, and services as needed by students with disabilities; and another that addressed the availability of distance learning access opportunities. A comparison of findings, over the two-year period, is presented and includes a significant increase in all types of AT supports, accommodations, and services other than AT evaluations; and an increase in the provision of distance learning access opportunities.
Benefit Specialists: Key resources for supporting the use of	Social Security work incentives to fund assistive technology
Authors: Brooke Valerie , McDonough Jennifer , Hardy Sandy
Published: November 2024

Assistive technology (AT) for some individuals with disabilities is not only exciting but has a direct and profound impact on their lives. Matching the appropriate AT device or service to the needs of individuals with disabilities can ensure that they are able to benefit from opportunities that are taken for granted by individuals who do not have disabilities to include such activities as living independently in the community, fully participating in school, and accessing the labor force. This article provides information on funding devices by using social security work incentives. A case study for an individual with a visual impairment is offered to highlight how technology assisted one person in achieving her goals for employment
The monetary benefits and costs of hiring supported employees:	Revisited
Authors: Cimera Robert Evert
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, several authors have documented that supported employment has not been living up to its full potential. One explanation for this lack of growth may involve the reluctance of employers to hire workers with disabilities. Specifically, many employers have expressed concerns that workers with disabilities will increase the operating expenditures of their companies. However, to date, there have been no systematic efforts to evaluate the monetary costs and benefits associated with supported employment from the employer's perspective. This paper proposes a corrected version of a cost-accounting methodology proposed in an earlier publication [9]. This revised methodology will enable researchers to determine whether or not supported employees are viable alternatives to traditional workers.
Who is a person with a disability under the ADA? Mitigating	circumstances, the US Supreme Court, and the case of diabetes
Authors: McMahon Brian T. , West Steven L. , Hurley Jessica E.
Published: November 2024

Nine years after enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act, three Supreme Court decisions, known as the Sutton trilogy, required that mitigating circumstances be considered in determining whether or not a particular individual has a disability under the statute. This article evaluates how the Sutton trilogy has altered the nature and scope of employment discrimination experienced by Americans with diabetes. Allegations of workplace discrimination filed by Americans with diabetes with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission were examined. Pre-Sutton allegations (n=5644) were compared and contrasted with Post-Sutton allegations (n=5793) on specified characteristics including industry, issue, and rate of merit resolution. Findings fail to support the position that the Sutton trilogy deterred Americans with diabetes from registering formal complaints, but it may have emboldened employers to engage in more widespread and egregious levels of discrimination.
Vocational rehabilitation services for individuals with Spinal	Cord Injury
Authors: Meade Michelle A. , Armstrong Amy J. , Barrett Kirsten , Ellenbogen Phyllis S. , Jackson M. Njeri
Published: November 2024

Employment brings many benefits but is often unavailable, inaccessible to or underutilized by individuals with Spinal Cord Injury and other significant physical disabilities. Vocational Rehabilitation Services can provide assistance in obtaining employment, however the extent that these services are accessed, desired or valued by individuals with SCI is unknown. To begin to address this issue, a survey was distributed to individuals with SCI in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Respondents were asked to describe the types of services that they had or were interested in receiving. Information is presented on individuals with SCI between the ages of 18 and 64 years old (n=445), about 46% of whom were working for pay at the time of survey completion. Approximately 32% of respondents reported receiving at least one job-related service, the most frequent of which was vocational counseling (19.8%). No gender differences were found between individuals who did and those who did not receive services. Racial differences were found, with non-Whites more likely to have received services. The services that individuals most frequently reported an interest in receiving included assistance with developing a new job skill (24.2%), assistance with finding a job (21.3%) and retirement planning (19.3%). Once again, no gender differences were found, though significant differences did exist related to both race and employment status. The implications of these findings are discussed and recommendations are made.
The impact of Spinal Cord Injury on the employment of family	caregivers
Authors: Ellenbogen Phyllis S. , Meade Michelle A. , Jackson M. Njeri , Barrett Kirsten
Published: November 2024

This paper describes and explores the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on the employment of family members, especially those who act as primary caregivers, of individuals with SCI. Using individual interviews and a focus group, nine caregivers were interviewed to gain a better understanding of the challenges these caregivers face, the needs and concerns they have, and what services and programs would enable them to continue to balance their many roles. Our participants included both parents and spouses/partners of individuals with SCI, who varied significantly across age (teenager through adult) and level of injury. Four primary themes emerged from our study: (1) caregivers had to create flexibility in their employment situation in order to successfully maintain employment, especially immediately after the injury; (2) while many of our caregivers felt that they needed to work for financial reasons, there were times when the two responsibilities of work and caregiving conflicted; (3) responsibilities left little time for the caregivers to engage in leisure, maintain social connection, spend time with their spouse, or take time to care for their own personal needs: and (4) caregivers' employment was affected by the lack of available Certified Nursing Aides. This study points to the need for more community supports for this population of caregivers and the need for more research on employed caregivers of persons with SCI.
The impact of concomitant disabilities on employment outcomes for	state vocational rehabilitation clients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Johnstone Brick , Martin Thomas A. , Bounds Thomas A. , Brown Earl , Rupright Jon , Sherman Ashley
Published: November 2024

Objective: To investigate the effect of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concomitant disabilities on vocational outcomes.

Design: Non-experimental, prospective analysis of adults who qualified for services with the Missouri Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (MDVR) based on a history of TBI.

Participants: 139 MDVR clients with non-acute TBI, followed from enrollment until case closure, who were divided into 5 groups (TBI only; TBI + orthopedic injury; TBI + seizure; TBI + psychological disorder; TBI + learning disability).

Main outcome measures: Demographic characteristics; injury severity; neuropsychological functioning; and employment status at case closure.

Analyses: Multivariate analysis of variance and non-parametric methods were used to evaluate differences in outcome variables between the TBI Only and other 4 groups.

Results: Statistically non-significant trends between the groups suggested less successful employment outcomes for persons with TBI and concomitant psychological disorders (11%) and learning disabilities (8%) vs. persons with orthopedic injuries (23%), seizure disorders (32%), or TBI only (26%).

Conclusions: Concomitant psychological and learning disabilities, compared to concomitant physical disabilities, are associated with greater employment difficulties for persons with TBI. VR clients with psychological and learning disorders may require additional services/interventions to enhance their vocational outcomes.
Public views on employment of people with intellectual	disabilities
Authors: Burge Philip , Ouellette-Kuntz Hélène , Lysaght Rosemary
Published: November 2024

Understanding the views of the public is an important factor in building effective programs that promote integrated employment. This article presents the results of a study conducted by an alliance of researchers and community partners to elucidate public perceptions regarding work inclusion of people with an intellectual disability. The study consisted of a telephone poll conducted throughout a large region of the Province of Ontario, Canada. A majority of the 680 respondents believed that some form of integrated work is best for most adults with an intellectual disability. About 87% of respondents believed that hiring people with intellectual disabilities would not negatively affect the image of workplaces. Respondents indicated that a lack of employment training programs for people with intellectual disabilities was a major obstacle to increased inclusion.
The relationship between early disability onset and education and	employment
Authors: Loprest Pamela , Maag Elaine
Published: November 2024

This study analyzes the impact of early onset of disability (at birth through young adulthood) on educational and employment outcomes and examines differences in employment outcomes for those with early onset compared to those with later onset of disability. The study uses data from the 1994 and 1995 National Health Interview Survey – Disability Supplement (NHIS-D). Findings show that early onset of disability is associated with significant reductions in the likelihood of completing high school and in the likelihood of employment. Lower levels of education for those with early onset lead to further reductions in employment. In addition, those with early onset of disability have significantly higher employment rates than those with later onset of disability after controlling for disability benefit receipt.
Employer attitudes toward employing persons with psychiatric	disability in Japan
Authors: Ozawa Akihiko , Yaeda Jun
Published: November 2024

The Attitudes toward Employment of Psychiatric Disability scale (ATEP) was developed to assess employer attitudes toward employing people with psychiatric disability. In total, 358 employers representing fourteen Japanese industries were surveyed by questionnaire to assess their attitudes in four major areas: employer motivation, activity limitation, prejudice and fear, and attention distribution. The results were categorized according to six employment sectors derived from the fourteen classes of the Japan Standard Industrial Classification [22]. Service sector employers faced activity limitation due to employees with psychiatric disability less than did employers in the construction and manufacturing sectors. As well, employers in the wholesale, retail trade, and food and beverage sectors faced less activity limitation than did employers in the manufacturing sector. Employers between sixty-and-seventy years of age faced more activity limitation than did those between thirty-and-forty years old. Employer motivation for employing people with psychiatric disability correlates with fear, prejudice, and prior experiences employing those with psychiatric disability. However, these factors only partially explain employer motivation. The prospect that these findings might assist employers is discussed in this article.
Initial impacts of the Ticket to Work program on Social Security	disability beneficiary service enrollment, earnings, and benefits
Authors: Wittenburg David , Fraker Thomas , Stapleton David , Thornton Craig , Gregory Jesse , Mamun Arif
Published: November 2024

This paper presents estimates of Ticket to Work's (TTW) impacts on service enrollment, earnings, and benefit amounts during the first two years of program implementation in Phases 1 and 2 states. We estimated impacts using a longitudinal fixed effects model that tracked changes in outcomes of 4.7 million beneficiaries with disabilities covering the period from the year before the Phase 1 Ticket mailing in 2001 and continuing through the end of 2003. Our impact estimates indicate that TTW had a small impact on promoting service enrollment during the first year of TTW rollout. We find no compelling evidence that TTW affected beneficiary earnings and benefits during its first two years. Our impact findings for all outcomes are consistent with the expectation that changes in service enrollment would occur before changes in either earnings or benefit receipt. Additionally, the relatively small size of the service enrollment impacts is consistent with the low TTW participation rate, which was less than 1 percent during the first year of the rollout in Phase 1. Given the anticipated timing of impacts and the relatively small size of the service enrollment impacts, it is not surprising that we find no compelling evidence of subsequent impacts on earnings and benefit amounts at this early stage.