bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zebrafish Avatar-test forecasts clinical response to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Costa Bruna , Estrada Marta F. , Gomes António , Fernandez Laura M. , Azevedo José M. , Póvoa Vanda , Fontes Márcia , Alves António , Galzerano António , Castillo-Martin Mireia , Herrando Ignacio , Brandão Shermann , Carneiro Carla , Nunes Vítor , Carvalho Carlos , Parvaiz Amjad , Marreiros Ana , Fior Rita
Published: June 2024

Cancer patients often undergo rounds of trial-and-error to find the most effective treatment because there is no test in the clinical practice for predicting therapy response. Here, we conduct a clinical study to validate the zebrafish patient-derived xenograft model (zAvatar) as a fast predictive platform for personalized treatment in colorectal cancer. zAvatars are generated with patient tumor cells, treated exactly with the same therapy as their corresponding patient and analyzed at single-cell resolution. By individually comparing the clinical responses of 55 patients with their zAvatar-test, we develop a decision tree model integrating tumor stage, zAvatar-apoptosis, and zAvatar-metastatic potential. This model accurately forecasts patient progression with 91% accuracy. Importantly, patients with a sensitive zAvatar-test exhibit longer progression-free survival compared to those with a resistant test. We propose the zAvatar-test as a rapid approach to guide clinical decisions, optimizing treatment options and improving the survival of cancer patients.
Difluorocarbene-induced [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement of tertiary amines
Authors: Su Jianke , Guo Yu , Li Chengbo , Song Qiuling
Published: June 2024

The [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangements are one of the most fascinating chemical bond reorganization strategies in organic chemistry, and they have been demonstrated in a wide range of applications, representing a fundamental reaction tactic for the synthesis of nitrogen compounds in chemical community. However, their applicabilities are limited by the scarcity of efficient, general, and straightforward methods for generating ammonium ylides. Herein, we report a general difluorocarbene-induced tertiary amine-involved [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangements stemmed from in situ generated difluoromethyl ammonium ylides, which allows for the rearrangements of versatile tertiary amines bearing either allyl, benzyl, or propargyl groups, resulting in the corresponding products in one reaction under the same reaction conditions with a general way. Broad substrate scope, simple operation, mild reaction conditions and late-stage modification of natural products highlight the advantages of this strategy, meanwhile, this general rearrangement reaction is believed to bring opportunities for the transformations of nitrogen ylides and the assembly of valuable tertiary amines and amino acids. This will further enrich the reaction repertoire of difluorocarbene species, facilitate the development of reactions involving difluoromethyl ammonium salts, and provide an avenue for the development of this type of rearrangement reactions.
Targeting dependency on a paralog pair of CBP/p300 against de-repression of KREMEN2 in SMARCB1-deficient cancers
Authors: Sasaki Mariko , Kato Daiki , Murakami Karin , Yoshida Hiroshi , Takase Shohei , Otsubo Tsuguteru , Ogiwara Hideaki
Published: June 2024

SMARCB1, a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is the causative gene of rhabdoid tumors and epithelioid sarcomas. Here, we identify a paralog pair of CBP and p300 as a synthetic lethal target in SMARCB1-deficient cancers by using a dual siRNA screening method based on the “simultaneous inhibition of a paralog pair” concept. Treatment with CBP/p300 dual inhibitors suppresses growth of cell lines and tumor xenografts derived from SMARCB1-deficient cells but not from SMARCB1-proficient cells. SMARCB1-containing SWI/SNF complexes localize with H3K27me3 and its methyltransferase EZH2 at the promotor region of the KREMEN2 locus, resulting in transcriptional downregulation of KREMEN2. By contrast, SMARCB1 deficiency leads to localization of H3K27ac, and recruitment of its acetyltransferases CBP and p300, at the KREMEN2 locus, resulting in transcriptional upregulation of KREMEN2, which cooperates with the SMARCA1 chromatin remodeling complex. Simultaneous inhibition of CBP/p300 leads to transcriptional downregulation of KREMEN2, followed by apoptosis induction via monomerization of KREMEN1 due to a failure to interact with KREMEN2, which suppresses anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. Taken together, our findings indicate that simultaneous inhibitors of CBP/p300 could be promising therapeutic agents for SMARCB1-deficient cancers.
General mechanisms of task engagement in the primate frontal cortex
Authors: Grohn Jan , Khalighinejad Nima , Jahn Caroline I , Bongioanni Alessandro , Schüffelgen Urs , Sallet Jerome , Rushworth Matthew F. S. , Kolling Nils
Published: June 2024

Staying engaged is necessary to maintain goal-directed behaviors. Despite this, engagement exhibits continuous, intrinsic fluctuations. Even in experimental settings, animals, unlike most humans, repeatedly and spontaneously move between periods of complete task engagement and disengagement. We, therefore, looked at behavior in male macaques (macaca mulatta) in four tasks while recording fMRI signals. We identified consistent autocorrelation in task disengagement. This made it possible to build models capturing task-independent engagement. We identified task general patterns of neural activity linked to impending sudden task disengagement in mid-cingulate gyrus. By contrast, activity centered in perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) was associated with maintenance of performance across tasks. Importantly, we carefully controlled for task-specific factors such as the reward history and other motivational effects, such as response vigor, in our analyses. Moreover, we showed pgACC activity had a causal link to task engagement: transcranial ultrasound stimulation of pgACC changed task engagement patterns.
Coexistence of state, choice, and sensory integration coding in barrel cortex LII/III
Authors: Gardères Pierre-Marie , Le Gal Sébastien , Rousseau Charly , Mamane Alexandre , Ganea Dan Alin , Haiss Florent
Published: June 2024

During perceptually guided decisions, correlates of choice are found as upstream as in the primary sensory areas. However, how well these choice signals align with early sensory representations, a prerequisite for their interpretation as feedforward substrates of perception, remains an open question. We designed a two alternative forced choice task (2AFC) in which male mice compared stimulation frequencies applied to two adjacent vibrissae. The optogenetic silencing of individual columns in the primary somatosensory cortex (wS1) resulted in predicted shifts of psychometric functions, demonstrating that perception depends on focal, early sensory representations. Functional imaging of layer II/III single neurons revealed mixed coding of stimuli, choices and engagement in the task. Neurons with multi-whisker suppression display improved sensory discrimination and had their activity increased during engagement in the task, enhancing selectively representation of the signals relevant to solving the task. From trial to trial, representation of stimuli and choice varied substantially, but mostly orthogonally to each other, suggesting that perceptual variability does not originate from wS1 fluctuations but rather from downstream areas. Together, our results highlight the role of primary sensory areas in forming a reliable sensory substrate that could be used for flexible downstream decision processes.
Perception of motion salience shapes the emergence of collective motions
Authors: Xiao Yandong , Lei Xiaokang , Zheng Zhicheng , Xiang Yalun , Liu Yang-Yu , Peng Xingguang
Published: June 2024

Despite the profound implications of self-organization in animal groups for collective behaviors, understanding the fundamental principles and applying them to swarm robotics remains incomplete. Here we propose a heuristic measure of perception of motion salience (MS) to quantify relative motion changes of neighbors from first-person view. Leveraging three large bird-flocking datasets, we explore how this perception of MS relates to the structure of leader-follower (LF) relations, and further perform an individual-level correlation analysis between past perception of MS and future change rate of velocity consensus. We observe prevalence of the positive correlations in real flocks, which demonstrates that individuals will accelerate the convergence of velocity with neighbors who have higher MS. This empirical finding motivates us to introduce the concept of adaptive MS-based (AMS) interaction in swarm model. Finally, we implement AMS in a swarm of ~102 miniature robots. Swarm experiments show the significant advantage of AMS in enhancing self-organization of the swarm for smooth evacuations from confined environments.
Supramolecular assembly activated single-molecule phosphorescence resonance energy transfer for near-infrared targeted cell imaging
Authors: Zhou Xiaolu , Bai Xue , Shang Fangjian , Zhang Heng-Yi , Wang Li-Hua , Xu Xiufang , Liu Yu
Published: June 2024

Pure organic phosphorescence resonance energy transfer is a research hotspot. Herein, a single-molecule phosphorescence resonance energy transfer system with a large Stokes shift of 367 nm and near-infrared emission is constructed by guest molecule alkyl-bridged methoxy-tetraphenylethylene-phenylpyridines derivative, cucurbit[n]uril (n = 7, 8) and β-cyclodextrin modified hyaluronic acid. The high binding affinity of cucurbituril to guest molecules in various stoichiometric ratios not only regulates the topological morphology of supramolecular assembly but also induces different phosphorescence emissions. Varying from the spherical nanoparticles and nanorods for binary assemblies, three-dimensional nanoplate is obtained by the ternary co-assembly of guest with cucurbit[7]uril/cucurbit[8]uril, accompanying enhanced phosphorescence at 540 nm. Uncommonly, the secondary assembly of β-cyclodextrin modified hyaluronic acid and ternary assembly activates a single intramolecular phosphorescence resonance energy transfer process derived from phenyl pyridines unit to methoxy-tetraphenylethylene function group, enabling a near-infrared delayed fluorescence at 700 nm, which ultimately applied to mitochondrial targeted imaging for cancer cells.
Individual Brain Charting dataset extension, third release for movie watching and retinotopy data
Authors: Pinho Ana Luísa , Richard Hugo , Ponce Ana Fernanda , Eickenberg Michael , Amadon Alexis , Dohmatob Elvis , Denghien Isabelle , Torre Juan Jesús , Shankar Swetha , Aggarwal Himanshu , Thual Alexis , Chapalain Thomas , Ginisty Chantal , Becuwe-Desmidt Séverine , Roger Séverine , Lecomte Yann , Berland Valérie , Laurier Laurence , Joly-Testault Véronique , Médiouni-Cloarec Gaëlle , Doublé Christine , Martins Bernadette , Varoquaux Gaël , Dehaene Stanislas , Hertz-Pannier Lucie , Thirion Bertrand
Published: June 2024

The Individual Brain Charting (IBC) is a multi-task functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging dataset acquired at high spatial-resolution and dedicated to the cognitive mapping of the human brain. It consists in the deep phenotyping of twelve individuals, covering a broad range of psychological domains suitable for functional-atlasing applications. Here, we present the inclusion of task data from both naturalistic stimuli and trial-based designs, to uncover structures of brain activation. We rely on the Fast Shared Response Model (FastSRM) to provide a data-driven solution for modelling naturalistic stimuli, typically containing many features. We show that data from left-out runs can be reconstructed using FastSRM, enabling the extraction of networks from the visual, auditory and language systems. We also present the topographic organization of the visual system through retinotopy. In total, six new tasks were added to IBC, wherein four trial-based retinotopic tasks contributed with a mapping of the visual field to the cortex. IBC is open access: source plus derivatives imaging data and meta-data are available in public repositories.
Gallic acid pretreatment mitigates parathyroid ischemia–reperfusion injury through signaling pathway modulation
Authors: Liu Nianqiu , Liang Hongmin , Hong Yuan , Lu Xiaokai , Jin Xin , Li Yuting , Tang Shiying , Li Yihang , Cao Weihan
Published: June 2024

Thyroid surgery often results in ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) to the parathyroid glands, yet the mechanisms underlying this and how to ameliorate IRI remain incompletely explored. Our study identifies a polyphenolic herbal extract—gallic acid (GA)—with antioxidative properties against IRI. Through flow cytometry and CCK8 assays, we investigate the protective effects of GA pretreatment on a parathyroid IRI model and decode its potential mechanisms via RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis. Results reveal increased apoptosis, pronounced G1 phase arrest, and significantly reduced cell proliferation in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group compared to the hypoxia group, which GA pretreatment mitigates. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis indicate GA’s modulation of various signaling pathways, including IL-17, AMPK, MAPK, transient receptor potential channels, cAMP, and Rap1. In summary, GA pretreatment demonstrates potential in protecting parathyroid cells from IRI by influencing various genes and signaling pathways. These findings offer a promising therapeutic strategy for hypoparathyroidism treatment.
Effects of protein-enriched nutritional support on skeletal muscle mass and rehabilitative outcomes in brain tumor patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cho Kye Hee , Han Eun Young , Jung Min Kyu , Kang Chang Moo , Shin Ji Cheol , Im Sang Hee
Published: June 2024

Patients with brain tumors require extensive and prolonged rehabilitation efforts as they suffer from lesion-induced motor weakness as well as treatment-related side effects, often leading to a significant decline in function. Protein supplements have shown positive effects on promoting muscle strength and physical performance in various tumor etiologies. However, reports on their effects specifically in brain tumor patients remain scarce. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of protein supplements in enhancing rehabilitative outcomes via muscle strengthening and functional gain in brain tumor patients with neurological demise. Sixty brain tumor patients were randomly assigned to either a protein supplement or a control group, receiving either protein supplements or a placebo for 6 weeks, in conjunction with conventional rehabilitation therapy. Assessments before and after the intervention included laboratory tests, anthropometric measures using bioimpedance analysis, and functional assessments, which included the MMSE, the modified Barthel Index, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Brief Fatigue Inventory, the Timed Up and Go test, the 6-min walk test, the isokinetic quadriceps muscle strength test, and the handgrip power. After the intervention, the levels of serum hemoglobin, protein, albumin, and C-reactive protein were improved in both groups, however, the change was significant only in the protein group. The muscle strength was enhanced in both groups, however, the significant increase in pinch grasp power was only noted in the protein group (P < 0.05). The distance on 6MWT was also significantly extended at follow-up in the protein group (P < 0.01). In the subgroup analysis according to nutritional status, the moderate malnutrition group showed greater augmentation of muscle mass than those with adequate nutrition (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the amelioration of malnutrition was observed only the in protein group. This study using protein supplements to promote the rehabilitative potential of brain tumor patients revealed a significant effect on improving hemodynamic nutritional indices, muscle power reimbursement, and functional improvement, especially in malnourished patients. The safety and feasibility of protein supplements in brain tumor patients were affirmative in this study. Further studies with more patients may help confirm the secondary functional gain resulting from increased muscle power.

Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in the Clinical Research Information Service, CRIS no. KCT0009113 on Jan 12, 2024.
Urban 3D building morphology and energy consumption: empirical evidence from 53 cities in China
Authors: Wang Yang , Sun Guiquan , Wu Yingmei , Rosenberg Mark W.
Published: June 2024

The impact of building morphology on building energy consumption has been extensively studied. However, research on how 3D building morphology affects energy consumption at a macroscopic scale is lacking. In this study, we measured the mean building height (BH), mean building volume (BV), and mean European nearest neighbor distance (MENN) of the city to quantify the 3D building morphology. We then used a spatial regression model to analyze the quantitative impact of urban 3D building morphology on per capita electricity consumption (PCEC). Results indicate that at the macroscopic scale of the city, the BH and the MENN have a significant positive impact on the PCEC, while the BV has a significant negative impact on the PCEC. Moreover, the inclusion of the 3D building morphology greatly improves the model’s ability to explain building energy efficiency, surpassing the impact of traditional economic factors. Considering the 3D building morphology indicators together, buildings with a lower height, a larger volume, and a more compact 3D morphology have greater potential for energy savings and are more conducive to electricity conservation. This study offers valuable insights for the energy-efficient arrangement of buildings.
Effectiveness of remote pulmonary artery pressure estimating in heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Urban Szymon , Szymański Oskar , Grzesiak Magdalena , Tokarczyk Wojciech , Błaziak Mikołaj , Jura Maksym , Fułek Michał , Fułek Katarzyna , Iwanek Gracjan , Gajewski Piotr , Ponikowski Piotr , Biegus Jan , Zymliński Robert
Published: June 2024

Heart failure (HF) poses a significant challenge, often leading to frequent hospitalizations and compromised quality of life. Continuous pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) monitoring offers a surrogate for congestion status in ambulatory HF care. This meta-analysis examines the efficacy of PAP monitoring devices (CardioMEMS and Chronicle) in preventing adverse outcomes in HF patients, addressing gaps in prior randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five RCTs (2572 participants) were systematically reviewed. PAP monitoring significantly reduced HF-related hospitalizations (RR 0.72 [95% CI 0.6–0.87], p = 0.0006) and HF events (RR 0.86 [95% CI 0.75–0.99], p = 0.03), with no impact on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Subgroup analyses highlighted the significance of CardioMEMS and blinded studies. Meta-regression indicated a correlation between prolonged follow-up and increased reduction in HF hospitalizations. The risk of bias was generally high, with evidence certainty ranging from low to moderate. PAP monitoring devices exhibit promise in diminishing HF hospitalizations and events, especially in CardioMEMS and blinded studies. However, their influence on mortality remains inconclusive. Further research, considering diverse patient populations and intervention strategies with extended follow-up, is crucial for elucidating the optimal role of PAP monitoring in HF management.
The cumulative live birth rate and cost-effectiveness of the clomiphene and gonadotropin cotreatment protocol versus the mid-luteal GnRH agonist protocol in women over 35 years old
Authors: Li Yanhui , Luo Dan , Li Tao , Ding Hui , Liu Yi
Published: June 2024

The decrease in assisted reproductive technology success among older women, attributed to decreased oocyte quantity and quality, poses a significant challenge. Currently, no consensus on the optimal ovarian stimulation protocol for older women undergoing IVF exists. This retrospectively registered cohort study aimed to compare the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR), time to live birth (TTLB), and cost-effectiveness among women older than 35 years who were receiving either the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) or clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin cotreatment with ovarian stimulation (CC cotreatment) protocol. To compare treatment outcomes, we performed propensity score matching (PSM) on 2871 IVF cycles in women older than 35 years who received either the GnRHa or CC cotreatment protocol, resulting in 375 cycles in each group. Additionally, a decision tree model was utilized to assess the cost-effectiveness of the two protocols. Following PSM, both groups had similar baseline characteristics. The CC cotreatment protocol resulted in a greater rate of cycle cancellation (13.07% vs. 8.00%, p = 0.032), but the groups maintained comparable fertilization rates and embryo quality. Although the TTLB was longer in the CC cotreatment group, the CLBR per initial cycle (41.07% vs. 45.33%, p = 0.269) and delivery outcomes were similar between the two groups at the 24 months follow-up. Additionally, the average cost per live birth in the CC cotreatment group was 21.27% lower than in the GnRHa group (¥32,301.42 vs. ¥39,174.22). In conclusion, for women older than 35 years undergoing IVF, the CC cotreatment protocol offered a comparable CLBR to the GnRHa protocol but with reduced costs, indicating its potential as a viable and cost-effective ovarian stimulation option.

Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier [ChiCTR2300076537].
In-situ tool wear condition monitoring during the end milling process based on dynamic mode and abnormal evaluation
Authors: Chen Min , Mao Jianwei , Fu Yu , Liu Xin , Zhou Yuqing , Sun Weifang
Published: June 2024

Rapid tool wear conditions during the manufacturing process are crucial for the enhancement of product quality. As an extension of our recent works, in this research, a generic in-situ tool wear condition monitoring during the end milling process based on dynamic mode and abnormal evaluation is proposed. With the engagement of dynamic mode decomposition, the real-time response of the sensing physical quantity during the end milling process can be predicted. Besides, by constructing the graph structure of the time series and calculating the difference between the predicted signal and the real-time signal, the anomaly can be acquired. Meanwhile, the tool wear state during the end milling process can be successfully evaluated. The proposed method is validated in milling tool wear experiments and received positive results (the mean relative error is recorded as 0.0507). The research, therefore, paves a new way to realize the in-situ tool wear condition monitoring.
Efficacy of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets on entomological indicators of malaria transmission: third year of a randomised controlled trial in Benin
Authors: Sovi Arthur , Yovogan Boulais , Adoha Constantin J. , Akinro Bruno , Accrombessi Manfred , Dangbénon Edouard , Assongba Landry , Salako Albert Sourou , Padonou Germain Gil , Messenger Louisa A. , Ngufor Corine , Cook Jackie , Protopopoff Natacha , Akogbéto Martin C.
Published: June 2024

The present cluster-randomised control trial aims to assess the entomological efficacy of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr LLINs compared to the standard pyrethroid-only LLINs, in their third year of community usage. Adult mosquito collections were performed every 3 months, in 4 randomly selected houses in each of the 60 trial clusters, using human landing catches. Adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified and Anopheles vectors were molecularly speciated and screened for the presence of the L1014F kdr mutation using PCR. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infection was assessed using ELISA. A subset of An. gambiae s.l. was also dissected to examine parity and fertility rates across study arms. There was no evidence of a significant reduction in indoor vector density and entomological inoculation rate by the pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen [DR 0.94 (95% CI 0.46–1.88), p = 0.8527; and RR 1.10 (95% CI 0.44–2.72), p = 0.8380], and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr [DR 0.74 (95% CI 0.37–1.48), p = 0.3946; and RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.40–2.50), p = 0.9957] LLINs, respectively. The same trend was observed outdoors. Frequencies of the L1014F kdr mutation, as well as parous and fertility rates, were similar between study arms. In the third year after net distribution, entomological indicators show that the two dual active-ingredients nets performed similarly to the standard pyrethroid-only LLIN. To maintain malaria gains, it is crucial that net distribution cycles fit with their operational lifespan.
Aggregation-resistant alpha-synuclein tetramers are reduced in the blood of Parkinson’s patients
Authors: de Boni Laura , Wallis Amber , Hays Watson Aurelia , Ruiz-Riquelme Alejandro , Leyland Louise-Ann , Bourinaris Thomas , Hannaway Naomi , Wüllner Ullrich , Peters Oliver , Priller Josef , Falkenburger Björn H , Wiltfang Jens , Bähr Mathias , Zerr Inga , Bürger Katharina , Perneczky Robert , Teipel Stefan , Löhle Matthias , Hermann Wiebke , Schott Björn-Hendrik , Brockmann Kathrin , Spottke Annika , Haustein Katrin , Breuer Peter , Houlden Henry , Weil Rimona S , Bartels Tim
Published: June 2024

Synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are defined by the accumulation and aggregation of the α-synuclein protein in neurons, glia and other tissues. We have previously shown that destabilization of α-synuclein tetramers is associated with familial PD due to SNCA mutations and demonstrated brain-region specific alterations of α-synuclein multimers in sporadic PD patients following the classical Braak spreading theory. In this study, we assessed relative levels of disordered and higher-ordered multimeric forms of cytosolic α-synuclein in blood from familial PD with G51D mutations and sporadic PD patients. We used an adapted in vitro-cross-linking protocol for human EDTA-whole blood. The relative levels of higher-ordered α-synuclein tetramers were diminished in blood from familial PD and sporadic PD patients compared to controls. Interestingly, the relative amount of α-synuclein tetramers was already decreased in asymptomatic G51D carriers, supporting the hypothesis that α-synuclein multimer destabilization precedes the development of clinical PD. Our data, therefore suggest that measuring α-synuclein tetramers in blood may have potential as a facile biomarker assay for early detection and quantitative tracking of PD progression.
Highly selective fluorescence detection of l-selenium-methylselenocysteine in selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia
Authors: Shi Xiaoran , Zhao Hui , Zhang Han , Li Qunfang , Lou Fangming
Published: June 2024

A feasible and practicable strategy for highly selective screening of l-selenium-methylselenocysteine (l-SeMC) in selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia was developed based on g-C3N4-MnO2 fluorescent probes.
On the origin of epitaxial rhombohedral-B4C growth by CVD on 4H-SiC
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Souqui Laurent , Palisaitis Justinas , Hoang Duc Quang , Ivanov Ivan G. , Persson Per O. Å. , Högberg Hans , Pedersen Henrik
Published: June 2024

We use atomic scale analytical transmission electron microscopy techniques to study the film/substrate interface in epitaxial growth of rhombohedral-B4C on 4H-SiC. We note that the interface is atomically smooth without signs of any interlayer.
In situ generated 2,5-pyrazinedicarboxylate and oxalate ligands leading to a Eu-MOF for selective capture of C2H2 from C2H2/CO2
Authors: Liang Fenglan , Ma Deyun , Qin Liang , Yu Qiuqun , Chen Jing , Liang Rongxi , Zhong Changheng , Liao Huanzong , Peng Zhiyi
Published: June 2024

A new Eu-MOF is prepared, involving in situ generation of oxalate and 2,5-pyrazinedicarboxylate ligands, and activated at different temperatures to obtain two MOFs (1a and 1b), in which 1b is able to selectively capture C2H2 from C2H2/CO2.
M(ii) effect on encapsulation of guests into a series of M3L2 chiral cages: enantio-recognition
Authors: Kim Dongwon , Kim Gyeongmin , Kim Gyeongwoo , Park Junmyeong , Han Jihun , Hossain Mohammad Mozammal , Jung Ok-Sang , Lee Young-A.
Published: June 2024

The chiral cage pairs [M3(s,r- and r,s-L)2] (M2+ = Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) show a significant Jahn–Teller distortion effect. These chiral cages are effective for the enantio-recognition of chiral (S)-2-butanol and (R)-2-butanol using electrochemistry.
Covalent organic frameworks and their composites for rechargeable batteries
Authors: Xu Yuxia , Gong Jiayue , Li Qing , Guo Xiaotian , Wan Xin , Xu Lin , Pang Huan
Published: June 2024

Summarized the energy storage mechanism and advantages of COFs and COF composites as electrodes, separators, and electrolytes for rechargeable batteries.
Passive fractionating mechanism for oil spill using shear-wettability modulation
Authors: Arya Vinay , Chaudhuri Abhirup , Bakli Chirodeep
Published: June 2024

An efficient oil separation device using graphene-like nanochannels, based on wettability, to address oil spills and chemical leaks across diverse environmental conditions.
An organophosphate 3d–4f heterometallic polyoxoniobate nanowire
Authors: Fan Jin-Ai , Yu Hao , Lin Yu-Diao , Qi Ming-Qiang , Kong Xiang-Jian , Sun Cai , Zheng Shou-Tian
Published: June 2024

Integrate four structural compositions of organophosphate, 3d transition metal, 4f lanthanide and polyoxoniobate at the molecular level, to form a nanowire structure.
Electrocatalysis in deep eutectic solvents: from fundamental properties to applications
Authors: Wang Hengan , Kang Xinchen , Han Buxing
Published: June 2024

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of DESs and their utility as solvents for electrocatalyst synthesis and as electrolytes in typical electrocatalytic reactions.
A bound preserving cut discontinuous Galerkin method for one dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws
Authors: Fu Pei , Kreiss Gunilla , Zahedi Sara
Published: June 2024

In this paper we present a family of high order cut finite element methods with bound preserving properties for hyperbolic conservation laws in one space dimension. The methods are based on the discontinuous Galerkin framework and use a regular background mesh, where interior boundaries are allowed to cut through the mesh arbitrarily. Our methods include ghost penalty stabilization to handle small cut elements and a new reconstruction of the approximation on macro-elements, which are local patches consisting of cut and un-cut neighboring elements that are connected by stabilization. We show that the reconstructed solution retains conservation and order of convergence. Our lowest order scheme results in a piecewise constant solution that satisfies a maximum principle for scalar hyperbolic conservation laws. When the lowest order scheme is applied to the Euler equations, the scheme is positivity preserving in the sense that positivity of pressure and density are retained. For the high order schemes, suitable bound preserving limiters are applied to the reconstructed solution on macro-elements. In the scalar case, a maximum principle limiter is applied, which ensures that the limited approximation satisfies the maximum principle. Correspondingly, we use a positivity preserving limiter for the Euler equations, and show that our scheme is positivity preserving. In the presence of shocks additional limiting is needed to avoid oscillations, hence we apply a standard TVB limiter to the reconstructed solution. The time step restrictions are of the same order as for the corresponding discontinuous Galerkin methods on the background mesh. Numerical computations illustrate accuracy, bound preservation, and shock capturing capabilities of the proposed schemes.
Model for route planning of freight buses
Authors: Zheng Chang , Yue Qian , Song Hu , Yuqing Liu , Yan Song
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces freight buses as a novel solution for city logistics, aiming to replace other freighters currently operated by various private logistics firms within city centers. The focus lies on investigating the route planning challenge associated with integrating freight buses into an city distribution framework. Each freight bus follows a predefined route, repeatedly traversing from a distribution center to multiple depots before returning to the distribution center. All depots are serviced by multiple freight buses on a consistent basis. This route planning problem presents a fresh iteration of the periodic vehicle routing problem. To tackle this challenge, the paper proposes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model, serving as a fundamental framework for future research endeavors concerning freight buses.
Comparative Analysis of Economic Governance Models for Street Vendors Across Urban Scales —— A Case Study of Suzhou, Jiaxing, and Taicang
Authors: Wang Maoyuan , Yang Lujia , Li Chuanjie
Published: June 2024

With the rapid advancement of urbanization, the street vendor economy, as an important component of the informal sector in cities, plays an indispensable role in promoting employment, activating markets, and meeting diverse consumer needs. However, the unregulated expansion of the street vendor economy has posed urban management challenges, including issues related to environmental hygiene, traffic order, and urban safety. This study explores and compares the patterns and differences in the economic governance of street vendors across cities of varying scales, offering a theoretical basis and practical guidance for urban management. By integrating urban governance theory with desktop research, we define the concept and attributes of the street vendor economy. Following this, we select representative cities of various scales as research objects. Subsequently, we conduct a comparative analysis of the impacts and challenges posed by different urban governance models. Furthermore, we discuss the economic, social, cultural, and policy factors that lead to these differences. Lastly, this study provides strategic suggestions for the economic governance of street vendors in cities of different scales, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balance between social inclusiveness and economic development.
Case Study on Conservation and Renewal of Historic Buildings from the Perspective of Green and Sustainable Construction
Authors: Chen Jiajun , Pu Qian
Published: June 2024

With the continuous promotion of the concept of sustainable development and the constant development of cities, the preservation and renovation of historical buildings have gradually become one of the important issues in urban development. This article introduces the value, importance, sustainable concepts in historical buildings, application of green building technologies in historical building preservation, as well as a compilation of representative cases from both domestic and international perspectives. Based on this, personal viewpoints are proposed for future practices in historical building preservation and renovation, along with an analysis and summary of the trends in historical building development.
Analysis of the Impact of the Fed’s Interest Rate Hike Policy Based on the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yan Mingzhi
Published: June 2024

The US has been employing quantitative easing and printing money for more than a decade, fueling inflation while lifting government debt. To deal with the high CPI, the Federal Reserve (Fed) has resorted to a policy of interest rate hikes, especially in the past two years, when the US interest rates have been on an upward trend. This has led to divergence in the economic trends and policy directions of countries, with China facing a more complex and severe external environment. In this connection, first of all, this paper gathers the response policy of each country during the Fed’s interest rate hikes, makes qualitative analysis of those response policies, and provides pertinent suggestions for China’s economic activities based on its national realities. Then, this paper collects data on the US interest rates, CPI, changes in nonfarm payrolls, monthly rate of retail sales, ISM manufacturing index, and ISM non-manufacturing index starting from January 2022 to December 2023, builds a model using the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method and applying statistical analysis, and solves it with python programming. Finally, the paper analyzes changes in the macro-indicators of the results and forecasts data on each indicator for the next six months to derive the trend of the data on indicators concerning future interest rate hikes. By predicting the impact of future events on China’s economy, investment, foreign trade and other aspects, the author expects the country to make corresponding regulatory plans and policy reserves.
Research on the Supply Chain Development of “Farm-to-Super Docking” for Fresh Agricultural Products in Chengdu City
Authors: Guo Yali , Wang Xinghua , Shi Li
Published: June 2024

This study adopts a structural modelling approach, aiming at exploring the development status and influencing factors of the “farm-to-supermarket” model in the supply chain of fresh agricultural products in Chengdu city, as well as its impact on supply chain efficiency and market competitiveness. Firstly, through the literature review of the supply chain of agricultural products in Chengdu, we learnt about the problems of the traditional model and the background of the emergence of the “agricultural super-docking” model. Secondly, the theoretical framework of the impact of the “agricultural super-docking” model on the supply chain of fresh agricultural products in Chengdu is constructed by using structural modelling methodology, and then the relevant data of the “agricultural super-docking” model in Chengdu are collected through field research and empirically investigated by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). SEM) was used to analyse the data empirically.
Digital transformation and total factor productivity in oil and gas enterprise Mediating effects based on innovation performance
Authors: Cui Mingxin , Xing Xinyu , Ma Luxia
Published: June 2024

The research sample for this study consists of oil and gas enterprise listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares in China from 2013-2022. The results of this study empirically examine the impact of digital transformation (DT) on total factor productivity (TFP) of oil and gas enterprise and its internal mechanisms using stepwise regression analysis. Additionally, innovation performance (IP) partially mediates this effect. After a series of tests, the above conclusion still holds true.
How do the Development of Futures market and regional economy interact? Evidence from Henan Province in China
Authors: Han Jinhong
Published: June 2024

The futures market serves the real economy is an urgent need to develop the capital market. Studying the interaction between the development of futures market and regional economy is of great significance for promoting their coordination and development, especially for the directional guidance of the development of the futures market in the long term. This paper studies the relationship between them from the perspective of regional economics. Firstly, it analyzes the mechanism of mutual influence between the futures market and the regional economy. Secondly, it establishes a VEC model based on representative data from Henan Province in China to discuss this relationship. The outcome indicates the development of the futures market and the regional economy promote each other in the long-run. At the end of the paper, some policy implications from the conclusion are put forward.
Neue Immunsuppressiva und das Risiko opportunistischer Infektionen
Authors: Reinhardt Fabian , von Braun Amrei , Trawinski Henning
Published: June 2024

Die neuen therapeutischen Immunmodulatoren haben aufgrund ihres Wirkmechanismus unterschiedliche Infektionsrisiken. IL-1-Blockade erhöht vor allem das Risiko für bakterielle Infektionen. Die IL-5-hemmenden Substanzen bergen möglicherweise ein erhöhtes Risiko für Parasitosen. IL-6-Blockade führt zu einem erhöhten Risiko für schwere bakterielle und opportunistische Infektionen (OI), vergleichbar mit den TNF-α-Inhibitoren. Die IL-12/23-Blockade mit Ustekinumab zeigt wie auch der B-Lymphozyten-Stimulator (BLyS)-Inhibitor Belimumab im Vergleich mit anderen Therapeutika kein erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko. Unter einer IL-17-Hemmung ist vor allem mit gehäuften mukokutanen Kandidosen zu rechnen, insbesondere unter Bimekizumab. Der T-Zell-Aktivierungshemmer Abatacept erhöht das Risiko für Herpes Zoster (HZ), während andere Infektionen im Vergleich zu anderen Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD) sogar geringer sind. Auch Anifrolumab, ein Typ-1-Interferon-Inhibitor, erhöht das Risiko für HZ, aber auch für Atemwegsinfektionen. Beim Einsatz von Januskinase-Inhibitoren (JAKi) ist insbesondere mit HZ zu rechnen, wogegen andere OI seltener und in ihrer Häufigkeit mit den meisten älteren Biologika vergleichbar sind.
Vergleich der Therapie mit JAK-Inhibitoren bei der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis in der klinischen Praxis und in den Zulassungsstudien
Authors: Horneff Gerd , Windschall Daniel , Minden Kirsten , Kümmerle-Deschner Jasmin , Dressler Frank , Weller-Heinemann Frank , Foeldvari Ivan , Reiser Christiane , Klein Ariane
Published: June 2024

Die juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (JIA) ist die häufigste chronisch-entzündliche rheumatische Erkrankung des Kindes- und Jugendalters. Mit der Einführung von Biologika konnte eine erhebliche Verbesserung von Prognose, Outcome und allgemeiner Lebensqualität erreicht werden, wobei ein schlechtes Ansprechen auf aktuelle Therapieoptionen bei einem Teil der Patienten die Notwendigkeit von alternativen Therapien unterstreicht. Mit der Zulassung von Januskinase-Inhibitoren, einer neuen Klasse von targeted synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARD), stehen Tofacitinib und Baricitinib aktuell als orale Therapiealternativen bei der JIA zur Verfügung. Erfahrungen aus Studien zur JIA sind begrenzt und können durch die Sammlung und Analyse von Daten aus der klinischen Praxis ergänzt werden. Auch diese sind bislang limitiert. Zur Auswertung stehen die ersten 65 Behandlungen mit Tofacitinib und 20 Patienten mit Baricitinib zur Verfügung. Trotz intensiver Vorbehandlung mit Biologika erreichten unter JAK-Inhibitoren bis zu 75 % der JIA-Patienten eine JADAS-definierte minimale Krankheitsaktivität und 50 % eine inaktive Erkrankung. 13 (20 %) Patienten der Tofacitinib-Kohorte und 1 (5 %) Patient der Baricitinib-Kohorte beendeten die Therapie aufgrund unzureichender Wirksamkeit. Die Verträglichkeit war gut, neue Sicherheitssignale konnten nicht beobachtet werden. Schwere oder opportunistische Infektionen oder thrombembolische Ereignisse wurden bislang nicht beobachtet. Nach den bisherigen limitierten Therapieerfahrungen stellen JAK-Inhibitoren eine bedeutsame Therapiealternative bei der JIA dar. Die Dokumentation wird fortgesetzt.
Electrosynthesis of Quinoxalines via Intermolecular Cyclization/Dehydrogenation of Ketones with o-Phenylenediamines
Authors: Liu Lei , Tao Yi , Zhang Jiahui , Hu Yangyang , Liu Huiying , Sun Jingwen
Published: June 2024

In this study, we proposed a novel electrochemical dehydrogenative synthetic method for preparing 2-substituted quinoxalines by intermolecular cyclization of aryl alkyl ketones and o-phenylenediamines. This method gave various quinoxalines in yields ranging from 35% to 71%. This novel protocol employs mild reaction conditions and offers moderate to excellent yields, a wide substrate scope, and broad functional-group compatibility. Furthermore, a late-stage functionalization and the wide substrate scope demonstrated the synthetic utility of this protocol.
Suturing and Closure of Diaphragma Sella to Augment Sellar Floor Repair after Endonasal Endoscopic Resection of Large Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Sahoo Sushanta K. , Bethanbhatla Murali K. , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam
Published: June 2024

Background Large pituitary adenoma often pushes the diaphragma sella and extends to the suprasellar compartment. The thinned out diaphragma may get opened during endonasal endoscopic surgery and pose high risk for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Such larger defects are difficult to plug with fat graft that tends to slip in to the subarachnoid space. Here, we describe a unique technique of closure of diaphragma sella that augment repair of the skull base in such cases.

Materials and Method The free edge of diaphragma sella was sutured with the anterior tuberculum sella dura in five cases of large pituitary adenoma that needed extra arachnoidal resection. Suturing was done with 6-0 prolene using endoscopic needle holder that converted a large diaphragm defect in to a smaller arachnoid rent and was easily plugged with fat graft.

Result None of these patients had postoperative CSF leak.

Conclusion Though technically difficult, direct repair of the diaphragma sella is possible. This augments the skull base reconstruct and effectively reduces the chances of postoperative CSF leak.
Prospects for Use of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Prevention of Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars after Surgeries
Authors: Korableva Natalia , Romanenkov Nikolay , Kremlev Dmitriy , Nekrasov Andrei , Miroshnichenko Maksim , Arbekov Peter
Published: June 2024

Objective To evaluate the possibility of improving and preventing the formation of postoperative hypertrophic and keloid scars using botulinum toxin type A (BTA).

Materials and Methods Scientific articles published in English have been systematically screened in PubMed/MEDLINE database over the entire period. The following information about the studies was analyzed: first author surname; year of publication; number of patients; average age; scar location; dosage of the drug administered; follow-up duration; scar assessment methods; results, incidence of hypertrophic and keloid scars formation. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for each of the estimated parameters. The statistical heterogeneity of publications assessed using the criteria of chi-square test and I
2. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.

Results A total of 18 prospective randomized studies were selected for evaluation, containing data on the use of BTA in 363 cases. Patients receiving botulinum toxin had a lower Vancouver scar scale index, higher visual analog scale index, and higher Stony Brook scar evaluation scale score. The use of BTA reduces the risk of perceptible scar formation, the incidence of hypertrophic and keloid scars.

Conclusion The use of BTA to obtain imperceptible scar and prevent hypertrophic and keloid postoperative scars demonstrates good prospects. However, there is no consensus regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the positive effect of BTA on the prevention of hypertrophic and keloid scars.