bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Displacement Value of the Electron-Beam in the Electron Gun in Electron-Beam Furnace
Authors: Zhang Dong Hui , Liu Chun Dong , Liang Jian Ming , Li Chang Sheng
Published: March 2013

The concept of maximal and minimal displacement value of the electron-beam was proposed considering the influence of space charge effect based on the displacement value of the electron-beam in the process of magnetic deflection scanning in the ideal condition. The deduction of mathematical model of the maximal and minimal displacement value was accomplished. The position of the beam spot can be more accurately controlled by the model, thus it is made sure that un-molten metal is bombarded by the beam spot accurately, which can increase the melt quality.
Microstructures and Properties of Twin-Roll Casting 7050 Aluminum Alloy Strip
Authors: Li Chun Fu , Wang Hong Bin , Meng Fan Lei , Zhao Hong Yang
Published: March 2013

In this study, 7050 aluminum alloy strip was produced using the twin-roll casting technique. Microstructures and properties of the cast-rolling 7050 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vickers hardness test. The results indicate that microstructures of cast-rolling 7050 alloy strip are inhomogeneous on the cross section. From the edge to the center, the size of grain decreases gradually and becomes more homogeneous, showing a transition from dendrite grains to equiaxed grains. There are undissolved second phase particles in grains and at grain boundaries. And the dendrite grains and second phase particles can be reduced by solution treatment, and the hardness of the cast-rolling strip can be improved by aging treatment.
Preparation and Characterization of MnO2 Loaded CuO Nanosheets
Authors: Li Hai Bin , Song Yan De , Chen Shu Guang
Published: March 2013

CuO nanosheets in rectangle shape with widths around 90 nm and lengths about 180 nm were prepared via a hydrothermal route in the presence of CTAB. MnO2 nanoparticles with diameters around 10nm were loaded onto the surface of CuO nanosheets via an immersion approach followed by a calcination process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied for the characterization of the as-prepared MnO2 loaded CuO nanosheets. It was found that CTAB played a crucial role in the morphology-controlled synthesis of CuO nanosheets. The hindrance effect resulted from the preferred adsorption of CTAB on certain facets leading to the formation of CuO nanosheets. MnO2 loaded CuO nanosheets can be expected to be a promising catalyst for the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation due to its composite phases, high dispersity, and large specific surface area.
Effect of Annular Electromagnetic Stirring Process on Solidification Microstructure of 7075 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Gao Zhi Hua , Xu Jun , Zhang Zhi Feng , Tang Meng Ou
Published: March 2013

7075 aluminum alloy melt conditioned by annular electromagnetic stirring(A-EMS) was cast in the TP1 mould, and the effects of pouring temperature, stirring current, stirring frequency and annular gap width on microstructures were analyzed. The A-EMS process exhibits superior grain refinement and remarkable structure homogeneity compared with conventional casting(N-EMS) and conventional electromagnetic stirring casting(EMS). With the increasing of the pouring temperature, the microstructures of the sample conditioned by A-EMS are inclined to become coarse and non-uniform compared with which have the more serious inclination conditioned by N-EMS. With the stirring current or stirring frequency increasing, the rosette-like or dendritic primary α(Al) phase decreases significantly on the sample microstructures, and the non-dendritic primary α(Al) phase is finer and more spherical. Narrow annular gap is advantageous to obtain uniformly fine spherical solidification microstructures.
Effect of Magnetostatic Field on Microstructure of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Strip Manufactured by Twin-Roll Casting
Authors: Su Xin , Xu G M , Feng Y H
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the effect of magnetostatic field on the microstructure and microsegregation of 7075 aluminum alloy strip by twin-roll casting is researched , and the result shows that when no electromagnetic field is applied during the process of roll-casting , the microstructure of 7075 strip is most composed of coarse columnar and dendritic crystal , the direction of grains is equal to roll-casting direction. When the magnetostatic field with 0.13T intensity is applied during the twin-roll casting, the microstructural of strip becomes uniform ,refined and equiaxed at the central zone of strip, and the dendritic crystal at the surficial is disordered and refined significantly.
Influence of Different Roll Casting Conditions on Casting Microstructure
Authors: Liu Xiao Bo , Yan Wen Kang
Published: March 2013

The changes of roll casting microstructure under different casting conditions on experimental casting machine was studied, which showed that solidification microstructure is different with different casting speed and thickness. When the casting speed is 1.3m/min,the thickness of strip is 6mm, coarse columnar grain dominates the solidification structure; when it continuously increases to 4m/min, the thickness of strip is 3mm, aluminum strip shows as hybrid organization with columnar grains in two sides and small equiaxed grains in the center; when the casting speed is over 12m/min,the thickness of strip is 1.75mm, columnar grains all convert into equiaxed grains in solidification structure. The deformation microstructures are different with the different casting speed and thickness of strip. When the casting speed is 0.9m/min, the thickness of strip is 6mm, typical processing flow lines come into being along longitudinal direction and transverse direction shows as squashed grains without re-crystallization. When the casting speed is 5.4m/min, the thickness of strip is 2.5mm, microstructure of aluminum strip becomes chevron organization from columnar crystal, there is a condensate in the center of aluminum strip, and the deformation of outer metal is more serious than inner, incomplete dynamic recrystallized grains come into being in the outer metal of the aluminum strip.
The Optimal Selecting Technique on Well Logging Items and its Application to Identify Complex Lithology Profile
Authors: Zhang Mei Ling , Feng Lei , Lin Jianhua , Zeng Ke
Published: March 2013

Finding out the parameters with strong reflecting ability to construct recognition function can improve effectively identifying precision on complicatesets of geophysics data. Based on building the evenness parameter among individuals in one set and distance parameter between two sets, we perform optimal choice on well logging items of four lithology sets named as general sedimentary rock set, volcano-clastic rock set, volcano-clastic sedimentary rock set, lava set in Hailaer Base. By using optimal selected items into model clustering technique, the precision of the lithology identification is more than 85%.
The Practice of Strengthening Pulverized Coal Injection
Authors: Yang Shuang Ping , Du Gang , Wang Jian , Du Xin , Liu Jie
Published: March 2013

The research to increase injecting amount into blast furnace was carried out on the basis of the actual production of Longmen Steel Co., Ltd.. This paper starts with the study of pulverized coal properties of the blast furnace, combined with the experimental researches such as explosibility study of pulverized coal, the study of the effect of adding additives on combustion properties of Pulverized Coal, the factors affecting the amount of injection coal of Blast Furnace in Longmen Steel Co., Ltd. were identified and the specific measures to improve coal ratio and reduce the coke ratio were put forward by theoretical analysis and experimental research as well as practical production.
Resourcing Utilization of High Alumina Fly Ash
Authors: Sun Jun Min , Chen Ping
Published: March 2013

High-alumina fly ash in central and western regions of Inner Mongolia is a very valuable renewable mineral resource resulting from the content of Al2O3 up to 50% and some available elements, such as gallium, titanium and light rare earth. According to the resource characteristics of high-alumina fly ash and the market demand of the non-ferrous metals and chemical products in national economic development, a technique route was researched and developed, which included high-alumina fly ash as the main raw material, extraction of alumina co-generated with active calcium silicate (chemical packing) and calcium silicon slag cement clinker. It is the process characteristics that according to the development concept about circular economy, making full use of fly ash and recycling water as sewage disposal from thermal power plants, calcium carbide slag from chemical plants and other disused resources, and achieving the separation of alumina and silica and their respective resource utilization.
Comparison of Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Magnesite and Limestone
Authors: Su Lei , Zhang Gang , Dong Yu , Feng Jian , Liu Dong
Published: March 2013

The thermal decomposition kinetics of magnesite and limestone, which are alkaline earth metal carbonates, were investigated using thermal analysis method. The research results showed that their kinetic decomposition characteristics and apparent decomposition activation energy have the comparability. Based on the thermodynamic/thermogravimetric data, the industrial production process of magnesite and limestone can draw on the experience of each other because of their similar decomposition thermodynamics and kinetics.
Molecular-Dynamics Simulation of Structure Change for a Molten Cu297 Nanocluster during Rapidly Quenching
Authors: He Ning , Xu Song Ning
Published: March 2013

Relaxation and local structure changes of a molten Cu297 nanocluster have been studied by molecular dynam ics simulation using embedded atom method when the cluster is rapidly quenched to 850K, 800K, 700K, 600K, 500K, 400K, 300K, 200K, and 100K. With decreasing quenching temperature, details of structure change and relaxation are analyzed. The simulation results show that the final structures are molten at 850K, like-icosahedral geometry at 800K-500K, mainly based on a faced center cubic structure at 400K-200K, non-crystal at 100K. The average energy of atoms is the lowest at 200K. The simulation reveals that the quenching temperature has great affect on the relaxation processes of the Cu297 cluster after β relaxation region.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanowires for Hydrogen Sensor Application Using Simple Heating Technique
Authors: Ali Zainal Abidin , Ismail W.Ahliah , Puteh Rustam
Published: March 2013

In this work, ZnO nanowires have been successfully grown and developed into a hydrogen gas sensor. The growth technique uses a modified carbothermal reduction at 900 °C to produce ZnO nanowires. This technique has been achieved without using carrier gas and omitted several others parameters. Silicon wafer was used as substrate and gold as catalyst. Elemental analysis and crystal structure were evaluated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Nanowires with the smallest diameter of approximately 25 nm were observed. The hydrogen sensor developed showed response to 500 ppm hydrogen at temperature of 250 °C, 175 °C and 100 °C. The highest and lowest sensitivities were achieved at 250 C (~ 80%- 90%) and 100 °C (~ 15%), respectively. The response times were 10 to 15 s whereas the lowest recovery time was 240 s.
Size Influence on Magnetic Properties of Nickel Hollow Spheres
Authors: Li Zhi Bin , Wang Rui Rong , Deng Yi Da
Published: March 2013

Nickel hollow spheres (NHSs) with different diameter have been synthesized by the autocatalytic reduction method. The morphology, size distribution and magnetic properties of NHSs were characterized. The results indicate that when the nickel hollow spheres become smaller, mechanism of magnetization reversal varies from motion of domain wall to spin coherent rotation. After the heat treatment process, the grain size of samples becomes bigger and coercivity is enhanced because domain wall is pinned by local magnetic anisotropy induced spontaneously.
Characterization and Properties of UV-Cured Epoxy Acrylate/POSS Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Ying , Xue Xiang Xin , Liu Feng Guo
Published: March 2013

In this study, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) were blenged with epoxy acrylate (EA) and photoinitiator to prepare nanocomposites through UV-curing process. The vinyl-POSS nanoparticles were added to EA by physically blending at loadings between 0% and 15wt%. Through the FTIR analysis, we found that the POSS nanocomposites didn’t affect the extent of UV curing reactions; the curing reactions were performed to be completed in all POSS containing composites. The XRD analysis convinced the existing of phase separation between EA matrix and vinyl-POSS monomer. The impact resistance and coating adhesion were all enhanced by POSS nanocomposites at low content.
Characteristics of Alumina Films Formed by the Annealed Aluminum Films at High Temperatures in Air
Authors: Lv Jing
Published: March 2013

Al films (about 40 nm) were prepared on quartz substrates by thermal evaporation technique, and subsequently annealed in air for 1h at temperature ranging from 600 to 1300oC. The characteristics of the annealed films were investigated in this paper. The measurement results of XRD and Raman show that crystalline phase transformations of the annealed films will convert from γ, γ and α, up to α-Al2O3 with the increasing of the annealing temperature at 600 oC, 1200 oC, to 1300oC. AFM and transmission spectra reveal the effects of phase transformations on their morphology and optical properties.
Screening and Identification of β-Glucosidase Producing Strain of Fusarium Oxysporum
Authors: Chen Jie , Dai De Fang , Gu Xiu Ling , Yuan Lin
Published: March 2013

Five strains, which can produce β-glucosidase, were screened out from 96 strains isolated from linseed from different regions in China. Based on morphological features and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis, the five strains were all determined as Fusarium oxysporum. The strain named as S15 produces the highest β-glucosidase, which activity reach at 13.58 U/mL.
Study on Formula of New Type Flame Retardant Polyethylene
Authors: Tian Feng , Ni Yan Rong , Su Chao Hua
Published: March 2013

The Formula of flame retardant material for PE insulated cable was developed. It mainly included 42 phrs LDPE,18 phrs EVA,7phr Magnesium carbonate,32phr Aluminum hydroxide,6phr silica,6phr Zinc borate and 5phr Silicone. The mixture was extruded through mixing and samples were made. Relative experiment showed that silicone had good effect on improvement of flame retardant properties of insulating materials. Zinc borate had promoting effect of the flame retardant. Silica had barrier effect. When parts of PE was substituted by EVA, the mechanical and flame retardant properties of the materials increased.
Exploration of Al Matrix Composites Reinforced with Al-Ti Intermetallics/Ti Metal Compound Spherical Agents
Authors: Zhang Li , Wu Bao Lin , Zhao Yu Hua
Published: March 2013

In this paper, Al matrix composites reinforced with Al-Ti intermetallics/Ti metal compound spherical agents were successfully fabricated through powder metallurgy way. Al-Ti intermetallic including Al3Ti and TiAl phases are main reinforcements and inner Ti metal could not only play reinforce role but also reduce the crack sensitivity of Al-Ti intermetallics. This kind of reinforcements bonded strongly with Al matrix. As expected, the resultant composites exhibit promising mechanical properties at ambient temperature. And the mechanical property could be improved through regulating the relative thickness of the Al-Ti intermetallics and Ti metal layers.
Study on Hydrolysis Conditions of Flavourzyme in Soybean Polypeptide Alcalase Hydrolysate
Authors: Ma Yong Sheng , Wang Lin Tong , Sun Xian Hui , Ma Bing Chen , Zhang Jian Wen , Gao Fan Qiang , Liu Cheng Liang
Published: March 2013

Soybean protein Alcalase hydrolysate was further hydrolyzed by adopting Flavourzyme. From this further hydrolysis reaction, bitter of soybean polypeptide mixture was reduced distinctly. The optimal hydrolysis conditions of Flavourzyme was determined as that pH was 7.0 at temperature 50°C and E/S(ratio of enzyme and substrate) was 20LAPU/g. Bitter taste value was reduced to 2 after Flavourzyme hydrolysis reaction for 2 hours in optimal hydrolysis conditions. The change of molecular weight distribution range from Alcalase hydrolysate to Flavourzyme hydrolysate was not obvious. DH (Degree of hydrolysis) of soybean protein hydrolysate was increased to 24.2% which was improved 3.5% than Alcalase hydrolysate. Protein recovery proportion was increased to 73.2% which was improved 0.8% than Alcalase hydrolysate.
Optical Constants of Quartz Glass in 1.34-4.20μm Spectral Range
Authors: Li Dong , Ai Qing , Xia Xin Lin
Published: March 2013

The transmittance spectrograms of quartz glass slabs are measured in spectral range 1.34-4.20μm. A new inversion method of optical constants (k is extinction coefficient and n is refractive index) of glass was proposed to calculate the optical constants. The optical constants of selenide glass attained in the references were selected as the true values, and the spectral transmittance radio of the semitransparent solid based on the direct model simulation were regarded as the experimental values, and validation of the new inversion method was investigated. Then the optical constants of quartz glass were achieved by the inverse model.
Excitation and Emission Properties of Poly(N-Carbazole)/Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Blends Characterized by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Alias Ahmad Nazib , Kudin T.I. Tunku , Zabidi Z.M. , Harun M.K. , Marwan Bin Ali Abdul Malik , Yahya Mohamad Faizul
Published: March 2013

We present the results concerning the excitation and emissions spectra of Poly (N-carbazole) (PVK) blend with different compositions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Doctor blade technique was used to coat the blended polymer on a quartz substrate. The influences of polymer composition to the excitation and emission spectra were observed under UV excitation source of a xenon lamp. The result shows a discrepancy in the maximum excitation, emission and Stokes shift for each samples. The variation of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) for excitation and emission indicate that the variation in composition has affected on the fluorescence properties of the blended thin film polymer system. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy reveals that the discrepancy in the emission and excitation properties of this polymer blending system is due to the discrepancy of infrared absorption peak in the carbazole functional group.
First-Principle Calculation on Misfit Layered Cobaltite and La-Doped Series
Authors: Min Xin Min , Wang Xuchao
Published: March 2013

The relations between electronic structure and thermoelectric property of misfit layered cobaltite of Ca3Co4O9 and La-doped series are studied from the calculation by density function and discrete variation method (DFT-DVM). The highest valence band (HVB) and the lowest conduction band (LCB) near Fermi level are only mainly from O 2p and Co 3d in Ca2CoO3 layer. Therefore, the semiconductor, or thermoelectric property of Ca3Co4O9 should be mainly from Ca2CoO3 layer, but have no direct relation to the CoO2 layer, which is consistent with that binary oxides hardly have thermoelectric property, but trinary oxide compounds have quite good thermoelectric property. With the amount of La-doped increase, the gap between HVB and LCB firstly decrease, then reaches the minimum, finally increase. The gap affects the thermoelectric property. Therefore, there is a best amount of Na-doped to improve thermoelectric property, which is consistent with the experiment.
Synthesis of High Brightness Red Long Persistent Phosphor (Sr 1-X Ca X)S: Eu, Dy by Sol-Gel Thermolysis Method
Authors: Han Xiao Bao , Feng Yu Zhi , Peng Gui Hua , Liang Zhen Hua , Wang Xia
Published: March 2013

The red long persistent phosphors (Sr 1-x Ca x) S: Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ (0≤x≤0.4) were prepared by sol-gel thermolysis method under reducing atmosphere. The results of XRD indiSuperscript textcated that the phosphor of the major phase was SrS (0≤x≤0.4) and the diffraction peak positions shift to higher angles with increase in x. The spectral properties are measured, and it found that the emission wavelength and decay properties of the phosphor varied with x. With increasing x, the luminescence intensity increased at beginning ,then decreased, and at x=0.3, the initial brightness and the afterglow time of the phosphor became maximal.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-X) Microcrystallines
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wei Yan Yan , Qin Dan , Lai Xin , Wu Yun , Liu Meng Jiao , Gao Dao Jiang , Bi Jian , Xu Guang Liang
Published: March 2013

Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-x) solid solution microcrystallines were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 120 °C; the crystal structure, surface morphology and room temperature photoluminescence properties of the as-synthesized microcrystallines were investigated by through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and fluorescence analysis (FA), respectively. Our results show that the obtained Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-x)microcrystallines are single-phase scheelite structure with tetragonal symmetry. The grain size of the Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-x) microcrystallines gradually increases with the increasing x (except x=0) and their agglomeration also becomes serious with x increasing. Under excited by 245 nm or 280 nm ultraviolet light (UV-light) at room temperature, the emission spectra of the Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-x) microcrystallines vary slightly from 410nm to 490nm with increasing x. Whereas the emission intensity of Ca(MoO4)x(WO4)(1-x) microcrystallines changed markedly, and it increases with the increasing x (x＞0).
Numerical Simulation of the High Gain and Low Breakdown Voltage InGaAs/InP Avalanche Photodiode
Authors: Hu D.P. , Xiong D. Y. , Guo F.M.
Published: March 2013

We present the simulation results of the InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD). In the structure a 70 nm InGaAsP grade charge layer and a 70 nm InP charge layer between absorption and multiplication layer have been used for reducing the dark current and achieving higher avalanche gain. A 50 avalanche gain around 35 V breakdown voltages has obtained, which has enhanced by nearly 4 times than that of the conventional InGaAs/InP APD. It has been also shown that the dark current in the device can be significantly reduced nearly one order compared to the corresponding conventional one. The numerical simulation means may design the high gain and low breakdown voltage InGaAs/InP APD.
Preparation of High-Filled Talcum Masterbatch and its Application in Polypropylene
Authors: Song Na , Zhang Xiao Ji , Ba Chao Qun , Ding Peng
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the high-filled talcum masterbatches with four different talcum contents (60%, 65%, 70% and 75%) were prepared. The effect of two addition methods (masterbatch method and direct method) on the performance of the PP composite was studied. The burning residual of all four high-filled masterbatches was above 95%. The analysis on the mechanical properties of PP/talcum composites indicated that the talcum masterbatch with 70% content possessed better application effect than others. Based on the microstructure observation and comparison with direct addition method, the PP composite made through masterbatch method achieved more even distribution of talcum in the matrix, better stable quality and smaller performance difference among different batches of products, and improved the technological process.
Characterization and Synthesis of a Betaxolol Hydrochloride Intermediate
Authors: Xu Feng Ying , Fang Gui Zhen
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a new method was developed to synthesize betaxolol hydrochloride intermediate (1-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl) phenoxy]-2, 3-epoxypropane). Based on the acidity difference of phenolic hydroxyl and alcoholic hydroxyl in p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol, the betaxolol hydrochloride intermediate was synthesized by selective A.W.Williamson etherification between p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol and epichlorohydrin in 18% potassium carbonate-acetone alkalescent solution. The molar ratio of p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol and epichlorohydrin was fixed at 1:1.7. FTIR and HPLC analysis revealed that the product purity reached 96% and the yield was 68.18%. This method simplified the synthetic process of betaxolol hydrochloride, which would also result in higher yield and purity of betaxolol hydrochloride products.
Cu(OH)2/N-TiO2 Compound Heterojunction Photcocatalyst: Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Zhou Xiao Song , Jin Bei , Yang Bin
Published: March 2013

Cu(OH)2/N-TiO2 compound heterojunction photcocatalyst was prepared via a facile precipitation method. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission transmission electron microscope (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible light (UV-vis) absorbance spectra technologies. The results suggest the as-obtained samples are spherical structure with the diameter of approximately 10-20 nm, the absorbance intensity in the visible light range increased with the amount of deposited increased. Photocatalytic activities of samples were investigated under visible light and methyl orange (MO) acted as simulation pollutants. The catalytic ablity of the synthesized photocatalysts under visible light irradiation showed higher than that of N-P25(TiO2). The remarkable photocatalytic activities are due to the high-quality of composites structure and the driving force for electron transfer in nanoparticle.
Preparation of La2(WO4)3 by Two Step Method and Characterization
Authors: Hu Zhen , Yu Hai Lian
Published: March 2013

Lanthanum tungsten was prepared by two step method with lanthanum oxide, hydrochloric acid and sodium tungstate. The products were characterized by several analytical methods. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine whether the product was Lanthanum Tungsten. X-ray technique was used to study the phase composition. Scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscope were used to study micro-structure and surface morphology of powders. X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used to study its content and impurity. DSC-TG was used to study its thermal stability. The results show that the prepared product is made of lanthanum tungsten mainly, its content of impurity is 3.91%, and there are traces of water in the powder. The prepared lanthanum tungsten has amorphous structure, the thermal stability is good, the powder grains present oval shape, and the diameter of grain is less than 1μm, the powder grains reunit partially.
LiMn2O4 Prepared by Liquid Phase Flameless Combustion with F-Doped for Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials
Authors: Xiang Ming Wu , Zhou Xian Yan , Zhang Zhi Fang , Chen Mi Mi , Bai Hong Li , Guo Jun Ming
Published: March 2013

LiMn2O4-yFy were synthesized by a novel method named liquid phase flameless combustion reaction with LiNO3, MnAc2.4H2O and LiF as raw materials calcined at 600 °C for 3 h with HNO3 as aided oxidant. All samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrochemical performance. The results show that: all samples have main phase of LiMn2O4 with impurity of Mn3O4 and the vibrational bands of Mn-O are a little red shift by doping F, which indicated that the F- enter the host structure of LiMn2O4 successfully. The electrochemical performance show that the initial discharge capacities of F-doped samples are lower than pristine LiMn2O4, which is 117.7 mAh•g-1. However, the capacity retention of LiMn2O3.96F0.04 and LiMn2O3.90F0.10 are 73.6% and 74.5%, respectively, which are higher than pristine LiMn2O4, which is only 69.0% after 40 cycles.
Combustion Kinetics Characteristics of Dry Distillation Coal Tar
Authors: Liu Bo , Shi Zhang Ming , He Jin Qiao , Xu Hui Fang
Published: March 2013

In order to improve burning-out characteristic of dry distillation coal tar, the sample of dry coal tar was investigated by thermo-gravimetric analyzer(TGA), and the sample’ properties of kinetics and burning-out were studied. The results show that the dry distillated tar combustion is mainly dynamic combustion with diffusive combustion as a supplement. The combustion activation energy was 30 kJ/mol above, but the activation energy, frequency factor and reaction order appeared change on the subsequent combustion. The dry distillated coal tar is easy to be ignited, but difficult to burn out, so its maximum burn out temperature is higher.
Experimental Research on Producing Shale Oil through Thermal Cracking of Small-Particle Oil Shale
Authors: Yuan Zhi Yang
Published: March 2013

Aiming at utilization status of China’s small particle oil shale, in the condition of laboratory, self-developed instrument of fluidized bed thermal cracking is used to conduct experimental researches on producing shale oil through thermal cracking of small-particle oil Shale. Through the orthogonal experiment, the optimal technological parameters on producing shale oil through thermal cracking are optimized. The experimental results have shown us that under the optimal technological conditions, oil productivity is at about 5%. Therefore, the technology of fluidized bed thermal cracking is an effective new method for producing oil through small-particle oil shale.
Effect of Cr Doping on Electrochemical Performance of LiMn2O4
Authors: Zhang Zhi Fang , Chen Mi Mi , Xiang Ming Wu , Feng Li Li , Zhang Ying Jie , Guo Jun Ming
Published: March 2013

The LiCrxMn2-xO4 material used for lithium ion battery cathode material was successfully prepared by a molten-salt flameless combustion synthesis method which used the LiNO3, LiAc•2H2O, Mn(NO3)2, MnAc2•4H2O as raw materials and Cr(NO3)3•9H2O as dopant. The results indicated that, the high-purity spinel LiCrxMn2-xO4 was successfully prepared although including a little Mn3O4. The impurity peak intensity of Mn3O4 gradually weakened until it disappeared with the increase of the amount of Cr-doped. The product was monophasic LiCrxMn2-xO4 when x (Cr) ≥ 0.1. It can be found that with Cr doped, the aggregation of the sample decreased. The structural stability, electrochemical activity and reversibility of LiCrxMn2-xO4 was better than that of pristine LiMn2O4. The discharge capacity and capacity retention had been improved. The LiCr0.02Mn1.98O4 had the highest initial capacity of 120.7 mAh•g-1 and the capacity retention was 78.5% after 40 cycles.
Effects of Polyethylene Glycol on Agarose-Based Magnetic Polymer Electrolyte for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Guo Xue Yi , Yi Peng Fei , Wang Wei Jia , Xiao Si , Yang Ying
Published: March 2013

In order to enhance the dispersion property of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in Agarose-based magnetic polymer electrolytes for Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), PEG200 was choosen to modify the magnetic polymer electrolytes. The electrochemical properties of polymer electrolytes with different content of PEG200 were studied by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that the electrolyte has an optimal conductivity of 2.88×10-3 Scm-1 when the mass fraction of PEG200 is 61.8wt% of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the electrolyte. The electron lifetime of electron charges in photoanode increased and then decreased when the concentration of PEG200 increased. At the concentration of PEG200 of 68.3wt%, the cell reached the largest electron lifetime.
Study on Low-Temperature Oxidation Process of Low Rank Coal by In Situ FTIR
Authors: Zhong Xiao Xing , Dou Guo Lan , Xin Hai Hui , Wang De Ming
Published: March 2013

Low temperature oxidation of two different low rank coals was measured by in-situ FTIR. Curve-fitting analysis was employed to identify functional groups types of raw coals, and series technology was carried out on in-situ infrared spectrum of sample coals at low-temperature oxidation process to analyze the changes of main active functional groups with temperature. The results indicate that -CH3, -CH2, -OH, C=O, COOH are the main active functional groups in low rank coal. In the oxidation process, with temperature increasing, the methyl and methylene show the tendency of increase after decrease and then decrease, and all of hydroxyl, carboxyl and carbonyl group present the tendency of increase after decrease, there exists some differences among the main functional groups in the coal low-temperature process.
Corrosion Behavior of Low-Alloy Steel in COT Upper Deck O2-CO2-SO2-H2S Moisture Environment
Authors: Liang Jin Ming , Tang Di , Zhang Peng Cheng , Wu Hui Bin , Mao Hong Yan , Liu Xiao Tong
Published: March 2013

This paper focus on the development of low-alloy anti-corrosion steel for the upper deck of COT(cargo oil tank), and the corrosion behavior of Cr-containing low-alloy steels in O2-CO2-SO2-H2S moisture were studied using homemade COT corrosion simulation device. After the corrosion experiment, related corrosion data was measured, and macro morphology and structure of corrosion scale were observed by SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope). The phase and chemical composition of corrosion product film were analyzed by XRD(X-ray diffraction) and EDS(energy dispersive spectroscopy). The effect of misorientation distribution on anti-corrosion property of steel was investigated by EBSD(electron backscattered diffraction). Based on the results, corrosion scale of COT on the upper deck consist of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, FeS2, S and Fe1-xS, and the type of corrosion is mainly general corrosion. Cr enrichment was found on the inner corrosion product film, the addition of Cr leads to the increasing of low-angle grain boundaries and sub-grain structure which is conducive to the improvement of corrosion resistance.
Application of Frumkin Isotherm for Carbon Steel Corrosion in Soil Media
Authors: Sa'adan Amy Wahida Mohamad , Aziz Madzlan , Sundari Rita
Published: March 2013

This study investigated carbon steel corrosion in three types of soil media (laterite, yellow soil and kaolin). The Frumkin isotherm was used to study the mechanism of the corrosion process. A good linear correlation (y = 3.4x + 3.3) in terms of soil concentration vs. surface coverage was obtained with the value of R2 = 0.996 for carbon steel corrosion in laterite solution at 30oC. A standard weight loss method was used to determine the degree of surface coverage. Investigation on corrosion rate was also carried out on the basis of immersion time and temperature effects. The results showed that yellow soil solution yielded the highest corrosion rate on carbon steel coupon for 5 consecutive days and at various temperatures (30 – 90oC). The thermodynamic properties in terms of heat of reaction and entropy were also investigated in this corrosion study. The results showed that carbon steel coupon was least corroded in the environment of kaolin solution as indicated by its highest endothermic value and lowest entropy. The study showed that the findings are consistent in relation to thermodynamic properties. This work is beneficial for the corrosion study of carbon steel in soil media corresponding to lifetime of buried pipelines and cost safety.
The Microstructure and Elements Distribution of High-Chiromium Hypereatectoid Steel by High-Temperature Homogenization
Authors: Man Jin , Yang Yi Tao , Shao Guang Jie
Published: March 2013

The temperature range of high-temperature homogenization was determined by phase diagram calculation and the critical overburning temperature of chromium hypereatectoid steel was measured by DSC. The Comparison of microstructures and element segregation before and after homogenized treatment were investigated for chromium steel ingot by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy and EDS. The results show that the liquation carbides and composition segregation are improved after the chromium steel was treated by high-temperature homogenization. According to the results of EDS analysis and segregation ratio calculation for the samples homogenized at different temperature, the optimum homogenization process for Cr steel is 1210°C for 6h.
Study of V2O5 Direct Alloying Reductants
Authors: Dai Ming Jie , Liu Jing , Gan Zhang Hua , Lu Zhi Hong , Yuan Ze Xi , Yang Wen Chai , Zhou Huan
Published: March 2013

Based on the thermodynamic calculation, the reductants to reduce V2O5 were selected, 0.1% V were added into steels by reducing V2O5 during the smelting process. The yielding rate of vanadium was calculated by chemical analysis data. The yielding rate is 98.17% when using Si+20%C as reductant and is about 94.94% when using Al+Mg as the reductant. By comparing the inclusion morphology and composition, contrasts the Brinell hardness and tensile strength of steels using different reductants, it was found that when using Si+20%C reductant, the inclusions in the steel is larger in amount, smaller in size and higher in Brinell hardness and tensile strength.
Trajectory Optimization and Simulation of Aerospace Robotic Arm
Authors: Zong Li Jun , Wang Guang Kuo , Li Xin , Wang Lei , Zhang Xiao Min , Wang Li Jia , Dong Ji Ming , Guo Bai Wei
Published: March 2013

Aerospace robotic arms have important applications in aerospace engineering (capture satellite, develop the technology of extra-vehicle activity (EVA), etc.) This paper first introduces the development and background of the Aerospace Robotic Arm. In later sections, a kinematics model of a Six-DOF manipulator is built based on DenavitHartenberg(D-H) method, then, the paper discusses an inverse kinematics solving method of the manipulator. At last, we show the simulation by integrating the use of SolidWorks, Matlab, and a number of their modules.
Research on Broken Edge Wave Control Strategy Caused by Edge Drop Control in UCMW Cold Tandem Rolling
Authors: Wang Lu Bing , Yan Lin Jing , He An Rui , Liu Yu Jing
Published: March 2013

Taking MH UCMW cold tandem mill as research object, broken edge wave generating mechanism and characteristics were analyzed which caused by edge drop control. Based on original control strategy, an automatic edge wave control model was developed, and edge drop control strategy was optimized. Effect of taper work roll shifting and taper shape on broken edge wave were analyzed by actual rolling data. Results show that broken edge wave decreases with effective contact depth increasing of taper work roller and strip. Optimized control system application eliminate broken edge wave, and improve automatic shape control accuracy.
Simulation Study of the MOA Resistive Leakage Current Detection Method
Authors: Dai Xian Bin , Yuan Xiao Hua , Sun Wen Yao , Liu Xin
Published: March 2013

On-line monitoring of the insulating state of metal oxide surge arresters (MOA) is monitoring its resistive leakage current. This paper analyses the common detection methods of resistive current, pointed out the problems. According to the relationship among the grid voltage and the flow through the leakage current of MOA, the resistive and capacitive current, put forward a new resistive leakage current detection method, and established a mathematical model. Using this mathematical model, new detection method can be verified by simulation. Confirmed that the new method can effectively reduce the impact of the power grid of the third harmonic voltage and phase coupling capacitor, this create a precise measurement for MOA resistance current online testing.
Effect of the Addition of Stearic Acid on Starch Properties
Authors: Sun Qing Jie , Sun Ling Ling , Xiong Liu , Sun Cui Xia
Published: March 2013

The effect of the addition of stearic acid on properties of wheat, mung bean and potato starches were studied. Soluble amylose content in three kinds of starches was significantly reduced. Both λmax values and the 630/520 nm ratio were decreased. Stearic acid added starches showed a significantly higher pasting temperature, breakdown and setback compared to the native starches as measured by RVA. Texture properties analysis showed that hardness of wheat and mung bean starches significantly decreased, while that of potato starch significantly increased after the addition of stearic acid. Diffraction peaks of wheat, mung bean and potato starches appeared at 22° which indicated that complex formation by X-ray diffraction
Process Analysis of Construction Quality Management System for Water Project Based on Dissipative Structure Theory
Authors: Cao Fu Jun , Xu Hao Cheng , Jiao Yan Tao
Published: March 2013

Using the dissipative structure theory (DST), the construction quality management system process of water project in China (WPCQMS) is analyzed in this paper. In the history of development, the process of the participants of WPCQMS gradually undertake quality management responsibility can be divided into the following several major stages: quality self-control stage of construction unit, quality collaborative control stage of owner unit, quality supervision stage of supervision unit, and quality supervision stage of government agency. Furthermore, the existing main problems of WPCQMS are analyzed, and it is put forward that the reforming orientation of WPCQMS should establish the three systems, including the main construction body quality management endurance system, the government quality supervision system, and the social credit assessing system.
A Process Innovation Knowledge Management Framework and its Application
Authors: Wang Gang Feng , Tian Xi Tian , Geng Jun Hao , Guo Biao
Published: March 2013

Process innovation can create new manufacturing technology or improve existing manufacturing technology by using a large number of process innovation knowledge. Hence, how to effectively organize process innovation knowledge and leverage it into practical application is crucial to process innovation from the holistic viewpoint. As of now there is a lack of a reasonable knowledge management framework and application mode for process innovation. To change this situation, a novel management framework of process innovation knowledge is proposed, according to the characteristics of process innovation and the role of knowledge in manufacturing problem-solving. Process innovation knowledge is composed of method knowledge and data knowledge so as to achieve knowledge’s rational application in the whole process of innovation. In this framework, four core knowledge activities are involved: knowledge acquisition, knowledge organization, knowledge application and knowledge accumulation. And a knowledge accumulating closed-loop containing new process knowledge could facilitate the implementation of subsequent process innovation. Finally, an application instance of welding process innovation is shown to illustrate the applicability of the proposed framework and the application processes of process innovation.
Fast Tabu Search Algorithm for Solving Multi-Vehicle and Multi-Cargo Loading Problem
Authors: Ren Chun Yu
Published: March 2013

This paper studies multi-vehicle and multi-cargo loading problem under the limited loading capacity. According to the characteristics of model and problem, fast taboo search algorithm is used to get the optimization solution from the overall situation. Firstly, it applies newly improved insertion method to construct initial solution in order to improve the feasibility of the solution. Secondly, it centers cubage-weight balance to design three operations for fastening the speed of convergence, stock elite to improve the searching efficiency of algorithm. Finally, the good performance of this algorithm can be proved by experiment calculation and concrete examples for solving practical problems.
Modeling and Kinematics Simulation of Shearer’s Travelling Mechanism Based on Virtual Prototyping Technology
Authors: Zhang Dan , Hu Sheng Hai , Liu Chun Sheng , Liu Xun Tao
Published: March 2013

According to the basic principle of the shearer’s travelling mechanism to build the virtual prototype based on UG and ADAMS, and then carry out kinematics simulation of this virtual prototype .The error of angular velocity of every level transmission between virtual prototype and theoretic values . The results can be taken as the guideline for future structural design and dynamic simulation analysis.
Study on Numbers of Multi-Tooth Meshing Teeth Pairs for Involute Internal Gear Pairs with Small Tooth Number Difference
Authors: Feng Xiao Ning
Published: March 2013

This article has carried out systematic research on the multi-tooth meshing problem of involute internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference of normal gear. It firstly establishes the entity assembly model of internal gear pairs with precise tooth profile, then determines the number of multi-tooth meshing teeth pairs with finite element software and finally analyzes the main factors and reason affecting the number of meshing teeth pairs. In the range of tooth number of internal gear equal to 40-200, the conclusion is that when tooth number difference equal to 1 the number of effective meshing teeth pairs is 3-15,when tooth number difference equal to 5 the number of effective meshing teeth pairs is 3-11. The main factors affecting the number of meshing teeth pairs are tooth number and tooth number difference. The fewer tooth number is and the greater tooth number difference is, the fewer the number of meshing teeth pairs is. The reason is that when tooth number is obviously reduced or tooth number difference is obviously increased, the clearance of adjacent gear surface will be greatly increased, which will cause the decrease of the number of meshing teeth pairs. Within the normal value scope of modification coefficient difference of involute internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference, the influence of modification coefficient difference and modification coefficient is very small. When the torque increases, the number of effective contacting teech pairs will keep unchanged. The research in this article provides reference for the calculation of loading capacity of multi-tooth meshing of internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference of normal gear.
Application and Design of Auto-Test Instrument for the Airborne Thermometer System
Authors: Cai Gui Fang
Published: March 2013

To improve the precision of the test device for some airborne thermometer system, the hardware structure and the software flowchart of auto-test instrument for airborne temperature indicator were introduced. The 89C52 single-chip computer is used in the test instrument. The CPU、A/D、 D/A and I/O boards are assembled as a cascade structure. By using the technologies of the advanced chip and Lab Windows / CVI 5.0, the instrument’s precision and flexibility are greatly enhanced. The test results show that the test resolution is 23Bit, the output electric current is 10mA, the precision is ±0.01mV.
Liquid Crystal Biosensors
Authors: Li Lan Ying , Jiang Wei Cheng , He Yong
Published: March 2013

The liquid crystal (LCD) biosensor is a new research area of sensor technology, which integrates the modern biotechnology and advanced electronic sensing technology. The feasibility and the principle of the LCD biosensor were mainly introduced in this paper. The chitosan films exhibited cholesteric phase LCD texture which can be seen by using the polarizing microscope (POM), and there is a main endothermic peak and exothermic peak of chitosan LCD solution in the DSC heating curve and cooling curve respectively. Chitosan maybe will be used as a sensing material by using its LCD characteristics. The development prospects are predicted.