bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Function and Meaning Analysis Use of "Ge" and "De" Particles in the Speech of the Petalangan Community
Authors: - Emilia.KH , - Mulyadi
Published: February 2024

The existence of particles in a sentence in various languages is very diverse. The function and meaning of particles in one language will be different from other languages. Particles cannot stand alone, they are structural words that only have functions and meanings in certain structures. The Petalangan Malay language uses several particles in interaction or communication. However, this research only discusses ge and de particles in Petalangan language where these particles are more widely used in communication. This study aims to analyze the function and meaning of the use of ge and de particles in the Petalangan language of Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, which presents data based on facts without judging right or wrong. The data used in this research is primary data obtained through field observations with listening, speaking and notetaking techniques. Data analysis is done by using commensurate and agih methods. Based on the result of the research, Petalangan people use particles in communicating in daily life. The particles that are widely used are ge and de particles which function as affirmation in interrogative sentences or question and declarative sentences. The particles ge and de are pronounced with a long and lilting intonation. However, they can also be said with a short intonation if used in a question sentence that does not require an answer. The particles ge and de are placed at the end of the sentence to emphasize the sentence and cannot be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.
Managing Stress among the Public Elementary School Teachers in Cagwait District
Authors: - Quinto, Christine V.
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to determine the stress factors of public elementary teachers in Cagwait District and their coping mechanisms. Universal sampling for teachers and pupils, purposive sampling for parents, and convenience sampling for community members were used. Also, fifteen (15) teachers participated in the focus group discussion. This study used quantitative and qualitative research designs. The survey questionnaires and interview questions were validated by the supervisor, principals, and district mathematics coordinator in Bayabas District. The study found that the most stressful factor for teachers, ranked as 1, is the financial aspect, with a weighted mean of 3.48, categorized as "more stressful". Also, for the effectiveness of coping strategies for the Cagwait District teachers, active vs. passive with a weighted mean of 4.01, categorized as "more effective," ranked 1. With this, as to the level of significance, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the stressful factors and the coping strategies, with a p-value of .039. These significant findings led the researcher to design an intervention program to improve the stress coping strategies among public elementary school teachers of Cagwait District.
Dynamics of Household Consumption Expenditure on Food Items in Punjab
Authors: - Dr. Amanpreet Kaur , - Dr. Anil Kumar Verma
Published: February 2024

In the present era of rapid technological transformation it is worth studying the dynamics of household consumption expenditure on various food items as the change in technology has an impact on consumer's taste and preferences. Higher income, urbanization, other demographic shifts, improved transportation, and consumer perceptions regarding quality and safety are changing global food consumption patterns. Variations in food consumption have led to an increase in trade and changes in the composition of world agricultural trade. The study about the consumption expenditure was conducted on the basis of the data collected from two districts of Punjab i.e. Faridkot and Ludhiana. Then 200 consumers from urban area and 200 consumers from rural area were selected randomly so as to make a comparative analysis of dynamics of consumption expenditure in Punjab. To achieve the basic objectives of the study various suitable techniques were employed. For that purpose regression analysis in the algebraic form of linear, double-log and semi-log were applied. Engel's elasticity were also worked out. The study showed that there was a non-linear relationship between expenditure on the majority of the consumption items and income among urban consumers. The findings were supported by the Gini- coefficient for urban as well as for rural consumers and analysis showed that consumption disparity was more in urban areas than in rural areas in Punjab.
Dental Implants
Authors: - K.Malleswari , - D.Rama Bramha Reddy , - K. Sandhya
Published: February 2024

Dental implants are becoming a common practice in the field of dentistry. There has been extensive research in this field, and efforts are being made to improve quality while minimizing costs. A comprehensive study was conducted on diverse dental implants, their design procedures, manufacturing methods using additive manufacturing, and materials as well as future developments. The following types of dental implants were discussed: Single Tooth Dental Implant, Implant-Supported Bridge, Implant-Retained Denture. For the design and force analysis, Mastication and occlusion processes were the focus of the study. The materials that are used for manufacturing these implants were also discussed. Since additive manufacturing is currently a leading manufacturing technology, various methods of manufacturing these implants using additive manufacturing have been studied and discussed. Furthermore, future research and development efforts within the dental implant industry were discussed.
The Effect of using the Connectivist Approach on Developing Secondary Stage Students’ Cross-cultural Awareness and Translation Performance
Authors: - Abdelkareem Ali Abdelnaeim Mehany , - Asmaa Ghanem Gheith
Published: February 2024

The present study attempted to examine the effect of using the connectivist approach on developing secondary-stage students' cross-cultural awareness and translation performance. The study comprised thirty-two first-year secondary stage students enrolled in El-Jalawea Institute, Sohag Governorate. The study adopted the quasi-experimental design. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to one group, and they were taught through a suggested web-based program. Data were gathered and analysed using both quantitative and qualitative instruments. A pre-post online translation and cross-cultural awareness test, an online questionnaire, and a web-based training program/blog were used in the study. Findings indicated that participants showed significantly higher levels of translation performance samples in the areas of reading comprehension, writing fluency, Computer-assisted Translation (CAT) tool usage, text analysis, and terminology search. Findings also showed significantly higher levels of cross-cultural awareness in both cognitive and affective aspects compared to students' achievement before the treatment. Participants also showed evidence of transition from word-for-word to meaning-for-meaning translation. The development of the students' performance was demonstrated by multiple measures that imply that the suggested web-based program is effective for developing secondary-stage students' translation performance and cross-cultural awareness skills.
A Study on Prospects and Provocation of Startups in India
Authors: - DR. AFTAB ALAM
Published: February 2024

In the Current scenario the people are afraid of taking risk they are shifting their mind set from a corporate or a government job and rather are inventing or trying to be a self-entrepreneur and entering the field as innovative startups. Instead come across that generally the jobs the person who do a corporate or a government job or a service person can only contribute to the basic requirement of their family by doing an 8-hour job but only other hand and entrepreneur not only managers to fill the basic and sometimes high and needs of his family but also contributes to the economic development of the country. With full support and welcoming the young generation innovative ideas our honorable prime minister Shri Narendra Modi have recently launched the aspiring program called startup India in New Delhi at Vignan Bhavan Stadium on 16th January. In today's time Indian business is undergoing through fragmented and unorganized Indian market, business complications, lack of infrastructure, lack of transparent policy initiatives, lack of knowledge exposure.
In this article tries to focus on the opportunities received and challenges faced by the new startups in India and discuss the top govt schemes for entrepreneurs and their benefits.
Ahara Vidhi Vidhana: Ayurvedic Concepts of Food Consumption and Their Relevance in the Modern Age
Authors: - Dr. Vandana Sharma , - Prof. Chhaju Ram Yada , - Dr. Sarika Yadav
Published: February 2024

In the modern world, when everyone is focused on attaining their goals, people often forget their balanced dietary routines, which leads to a number of lifestyle disorders. The three basic pillars of Ayurveda are Ahara, Nidra and Brahmacharya Among these, Ahara has been placed first which shows it is important to maintain and sustain life. Food habits like excessive intake, high protein diet, spicy, oily, harmful combination together, taking food without analysing one’s Agnibala are leading causes for diseases. For achieving complete benefits of food, one should also follow certain rules as told in Ayurveda regarding what, when, where, and how the food should be consumed. In Vimansthana, Charakacharya explains about Aharavidhividhana are the foundation of dietetics, which indicates the method of taking Ahara, which is useful for mankind. Aim & Objectives – To elaborate such principle of Ayurveda known as Ahara Vidhi Vidhan and their relevance in the modern age. Materials and Methods - Different classical Ayurvedic texts, websites, journals and research articles were referred in above context. Discussion and conclusion - The time, place, quantity and manner of Ahara intake are necessary. Ahara taken in proper manner helps in the proper growth of the body on contrary if taken in improper manner leads to various diseases. Thus, Aharavidhividhana plays a significant task in both causation and curing of the disease. Nidanaparivarjana is considered to be the main line of treatment. Properly followed Aharavidhividhana keeps the body healthy and prevents the diseases.
Analysis of Genetic Spectrum in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome- A Review
Authors: - Susanta Sadhukhan , - Nirvika Paul , - Shreemoyee Palmal , - Rituparna Patra , - Atanu Panja , - Moumita Malik , - Krishnendu Ghosh , - Arup Kumar Pattanayak
Published: February 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increase in an alarming rate since 1935. According to WHO the prevalence rate of PCOS is 3.4% worldwide. Hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, small cysts and increase in size of the ovary are the most common diagnostic feature for PCOS. Beside the environmental factors PCOS is highly associated with genetic back up of an individual. So, Different genetic pathways like steroid hormone synthesis , ovarian and adrenal steroidogenesis, gonadotropin action, insulin action and secretion, energy homeostasis , chronic inflammation pathways plays most important role in PCOS progression. Furthermore several report suggested that, some other genes like plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), HSD3B2 , 17α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, dopamine receptor, IGF107, aldosterone synthetase , paraoxonase, glycogen synthetase, resistin, apoprotein E are also involved in PCOS progression. From different case report it is established that epilepsy and diabetes condition are the two main regulators for PCOS progression. Whereas, epigenetic mechanism is also involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Some of the therapeutics is also available for treatment of PCOS but not ensure proper cure. Long-term treatment for PCOS, increases the risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities. So the main aim of this review is to reveal all aspects of genetics mechanism related to PCOS for better understanding of the disease. As well as established a profile of regulatory marker gene for early diagnosis and to develop a better treatment protocol.
Cultural Alienation and Identity Crises in Anita Desai's "Bye-bye Black Bird"
Authors: - KARTHIKADEVI N , - S. SUHITHA
Published: February 2024

The quest for identity and alienation are the central concerns of Anita Desai's works. She has tendency to look into every aspect of a person's life. In her book Bye Bye Blackbird, Anita Desai explores the lives of Indian immigrants in England before to 1964, the year in which England fundamentally altered its immigration laws. Particularly Indians flying to England are the Blackbirds. The world of three people who are limited by their identities is explored in Bye Bye Blackbird, along with how they must discover who they really are. Three characters -- Adit, Sarah, and Dev takes Centre stage in the story. Adit and Sarah have a greater attraction to India following their terrible events in England, and the narrative exposes their true crises as they struggle to create their own lives in a foreign place. Dev, who had first expressed some sort of hatred towards England, has since come to regard it as his home. This paper critically examines the loss of identity and cultural alienation with reference to the Novel “Bye- Bye Black Bird".
Diabetes Insipidus can Increase Patient Security: A Review
Authors: - Alka sen , - Farhat khan , - Chetna singh thakur
Published: February 2024

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a condition marked by polydipsia (drinking more than three liters of fluid per day) and a high hypotonic urine production (greater than 50 milliliters per kilogram of body weight per 24 hours). The hypothalamus or pituitary gland's insufficient production of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and its consequent inadequate secretion cause central DI. In addition to central DI, different primary forms (of renal origin) or secondary forms of polyuria may be the cause of additional underlying etiologies of DI. These variations are all part of the Polyuria Polydipsia Syndrome. This is crucial since different treatment plans have different effects, and using the incorrect one can be harmful. Since its discovery in 1942, diabetes insipidus has been linked to pregnancy complications in at least 4 out of every 100,000 patients.The regulatory mechanisms behind CDI and NDI are then discussed, with an emphasis on the water channel molecule aquaporin 2 (AQP2) and the vasopressin receptor 2 (V2R) regulatory axis. (DI) is a complicated pregnancy condition that can affect about 1 in 30,000 pregnancies. It is a heterogeneous illness that most commonly manifests as polyuria and polydipsia. The pathophysiology of DI during pregnancy determines the course of treatment; DI without AVP can be managed with desmopressin (DDAVP); DI with AVP resistance necessitates investigation of the underlying reasons. Previously known as diabetes insipidus (DI), arginase vasopressin disorder is a disease condition that causes electrolyte imbalances by either reducing the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin or AVP) or by reducing the body's response to ADH. Both arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D; formerly known as central DI) and arginine vasopressin resistance (AVP-R; formerly known as nephrogenic DI) are forms of arginine vasopressin disease, with both congenital and acquired origins. Lithium increased the amount of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney.
Ground Water of Himalayan Region, Due to Landslides Impact on Himalayan Folk Life
Authors: - Asha Azad
Published: February 2024

Looking at the life of the Himalayan people, the ground water level there is continuously decreasing. The problem of landslides is affecting the life of the people there. The speed with which the perennial streams are drying up, the Himalayan people life is in danger due to disasters, due to which the solution is very important. Geologists are conducting surveys from time to time to clarify the cause of landslides and drying up of streams. There are indications of a serious accident. Due to the rivers originating from the Himalayas, the pressure of water and sediment increases, due to which the pressure on the slopes also increases, whereas the rivers of the Western Ghats have less sediment as compared to the Himalayan rivers.
Predicting Cancer Risk from Genome Data: A Multilayer Perceptron Approach
Authors: - Shreyas Hegde , - Vinay Kumar
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes a deep learning method to predict cancer risk from gene symbols using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) feed forward neural network. The paper uses a data set of gene symbols and their corresponding cancer risk labels, obtained from a DNA microarray analysis. The paper then builds and
compares different machine learning models, such as logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis, decision tree classifier, gaussian nb, ada boost classifier, gaussian process classifier, support vector machine, and random forest. Deep learning MLP model is built, tuned and optimized for hyperparameters which improves the accuracy significantly by 9.09% compared to the best machine learning model. The paper evaluates the performance of the MLP model on the data set using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. This paper contributes to the field of machine learning and bioinformatics by providing a novel and effective way to predict cancer risk from gene symbols.
The Nexus of Tourism and Economic Growth in Botswana During the Period of 1995 – 2019
Authors: - Kudzai Masvingise , - Amon Taruvinga
Published: February 2024

This study examined the casual linkages between tourism and economic growth in the Republic of Botswana from 1995 to 2019. This was inspired by the highly claimed potential of tourism on GDP, against a background where literature cautions that causal linkage relationships are not always direct and obvious, but rather country specific and most likely to change over time. Co-integration and Granger causality were used to assess the causal nexus between the variables. The findings supported a unidirectional causal relationship between GDP and tourism (GDP → TOR) as well as a long-run co-integration between tourism and economic growth. The study findings imply that the country’s rich natural resources may be insufficient to propel tourism growth and drive GDP in the absence of a supportive economic environment. Therefore, the study suggests that efforts to support policy and investments should concentrate more on overall economic development than at tourism per se. This would create an environment conducive for attracting and retaining visitors to the country, and thus boost tourism.
Ethical Issues in Accounting: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis
Authors: - Shree Chand Chhimpa
Published: February 2024

Ethical conduct in accounting is paramount for maintaining trust and credibility in financial reporting. This research paper comprehensively reviews and analyses ethical issues in accounting, exploring theoretical frameworks, historical perspectives, case studies, and practical strategies for ethical decision-making. It examines the regulatory framework and professional standards governing accounting ethics, highlighting their impact on practice. Case studies such as the Enron scandal, Satyam Computer Services fraud, and Lehman Brothers collapse provide insights into real-world ethical dilemmas and their consequences. The paper also discusses the role of technology in shaping ethical practices, emphasizing the importance of transparency, data security, and professional judgment. Furthermore, it delves into the significance of ethical leadership and organizational culture in mitigating ethical risks within accounting firms and corporations. By synthesizing qualitative and quantitative data from diverse sources, this paper offers valuable insights for accounting professionals, educators, regulators, and policymakers in fostering a culture of integrity and professionalism within the accounting profession.
Selection of Isolated Colonies for Sensitivity in Vitek Mic Automated System : Influence of Presence of Crystals in Urine and Patient on Prior Antibiotic Medication : Study Done at Atertiary Care Laboratory in Northen India
Authors: - Jayant Balani , - Masih S , - Afia Arif
Published: February 2024

Urinary tract infection and crystals
Adamantinoma: About 4 Cases
Authors: - Nemmar Rachid , - Mohand oussaid Ali , - Derradji Mohammed , - Kerboua Esma , - Hail Kamel , - N Akretche , - L Bouhouche , - S Boutemeur.
Published: February 2024

Adamantinoma is a rare primary malignant bone tumor of the tibia in young adults. Histologically, it comprises malignant epithelial cells within a fibrous or osteofibrous stroma. Adamantinoma poses a problem of differential diagnosis with osteofibrous dysplasia and osteofibrodysplasia. the evolution of this low-grade sarcoma is slow.
Treatment is surgical, involving resection of the tumour and reconstruction of the bone. Metastases may occur in the lungs, lymph nodes or bones.
We report 4 cases of adamantinoma.
The Dominican Sisters in the Academe: A Phenomenology of Leadership Practices
Authors: - Anita V. Esparcia , - Elizabeth M. Malonzo
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to discover the lived experiences of Dominican Mission School Administrators who administered the mission school of the Dominican Sisters of the Trinity in Region IX, Philippines, specifically their challenges and difficulties, their coping mechanisms, and insights on leadership. Utilizing qualitative-phenomenological design and purposive sampling approach, the researcher conducted an in-depth interview to 5 participants and focus group discussion with 7 participants. Data collection utilized a semi-structured validated interview guide. Thematic content analysis was employed as a data analysis tool. As revealed, Dominican Mission school administrators experienced the following difficulties and challenges as leaders: commitment in serving the mission, obligated to commit to the given-task, duty bound to make the right decision, relying on divine providence, challenges in teacher-retention, challenges in maintaining the school operation questioning competence and tasking and demanding. On the other hand, they were able to overcome these challenges through the following coping strategies: instill goodness in the community through mission, appreciate adversity, educating stakeholders, maintain good relationship, appreciate others, calibrate leadership style, improve oneself, inspire others, train faculty and staff, and teamwork. In addition, the insights shared by the study participants because of their experiences included flexibility in meeting the desired outcome, think strategically, identify and develop talent, practice participatory leadership, plan ahead, collaborate with stakeholders, set qualification standards in hiring personnel and ground work training is a necessity.
Quality of Work-life of Road Side Food Street Vendors in Tiruchirappalli District
Authors: - D. Kumar
Published: February 2024

Street vending is a universal phenomenon and is primarily seen in all countries. The people working in this area get low wages, which makes it easy for them to enter unskilled labour and be self-employed. It provides self-employment, removes poverty, and improves the people's standard of living. This study mainly focuses on the standard of living of roadside food vendors in the Tiruchirappalli district. The researcher selected 60 sample respondents by using a simple random sampling method. It is found that there is a significant difference between monthly income and quality of life of food street vendors. It is suggested that the street vendors must register as per the provisions of The Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014.
Examining the Uses of Social Media for Cultural Tourism by Desi North East Indians
Authors: - Ms. Sital Baa
Published: February 2024

This paper is a study about the penetration of the tourism market through the power of social media from the north east region of India. Gone are those days when money was pumped into expensive advertisement. Social media empowers all equally at the same time even in the covid climate. It distributes power to anyone who has something interesting and unique to offer in the world of instant pleasure. To reap the full benefits of social media different online platforms as Facebook, Instagram, travel blogs, lifestyle sites will be analyzed. It will be a study to analyse what do the other communities look forward while travelling to the north east part of India and how the local indigenous community are promoting their USP on the online platform. It intends to take a closer look in the cost effective ways various social media platforms are cruising its way inside the online platform targeting both its national and international customers.
Coverage of Artificial Intelligence in Media
Authors: - Dr Mahesh N Patil , - Dr Shivalingappa Angadi , - Dr Theju Kumar C
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an important catalyst that enables media associations to optimize and ameliorate their operations. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the significance and eventuality of AI during high- performance data analytics and media content generation. The focus is on responsible and ethically respectable use of AI, which imposes the need to continuously make trust, through multitudinous challenges, during the operation of implicit pitfalls. Standardization and obligatory publication of AI product data can pave the way for increased translucency and trust structure. Else, the power of AI, which has a huge eventuality to contribute to a better quality of life, could be converted into a suicide device.
Physicochemical Parameters and Phytochemical Screening of Guava (Psidium Guajava) Leaves
Authors: - Rayjade Meghana
Published: February 2024

Psidium guajava Linn. Family- Myrtaceae (guava) is a short tree or shrub and folk medicinal plant. It is found in all over India. Each part of the guava tree is useful and has biological importance. Many phytochemicals are present in guava leaves such as flavanoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, oil and fats, steroids, phenols, proteins, carbohydrates. It is used in various diseases like cough, diabetes, cardiac diseases, diarrhea, wound healing. Guava has various biological activities like antispasmodic, antimicrobial, hepato-protective, antioxidant, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy. Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol is for the extraction of the guava leaves. Soxhlet extraction method is used for the extraction. Liquid-liquid extraction is used for the extraction and purification of the extract and ethyl acetate used for extraction. Physicochemical parameters are studied such as ash value, extractive matter, crude fibre content, foreign matter, moisture content.
Automation in Library Science in AI Era
Authors: - SHIVANI TYAGI
Published: February 2024

The Auromation of library science has become a revolutionary force in the adminstration and accessibility of information resources in the age of artifical intelliegence. The goal of this project is to investigate and apply AI -driven solution to improve resource management, user services, cataloguing and other areas of library operation.
in order to streamline the organisation and retrieval of information, the automation process uses machine learning algorithms to tag and categorise library material. Intelligent search and recommendation systems are developed using Natural Language Processing(NLP ) approaches, which facilitities the effortless discovery of pertient information by users. Additionally, by integrating AI into library systems, libraries may better forecast demand using predictive analytics and adapt their resources accourding to user perfence and new trends. Robotic process automation also simplifies repetitive administrative work, freeing up human resources to concentrate on more difficult and valuable duties.
The project uses strong encryption techiques and access control to address issue with data security and privacy, the creation and application of AI technologies in library science also heavily relies on ethical consideration, such as bias prevention in algorithms. Libraries may transform their services and remain ata the forefront of information management technology by adopting automation in the AI era and offering users a more efficient and customised experience. This abstract highlights the potential for major breakthroughs in the field of library science through the integration of artifical intellience , outlining the project's main goal and technique.
An Analysis of Difficulty Level and Discrimination Indices of Items of Questionnaires on Reproductive Health Awareness of Adolescents
Authors: - Deepti Chopra , - Shalini Yadava
Published: February 2024

The study aims to analyze the difficulty level and discrimination index of the items on the questionnaires designed and developed to ascertain the awareness of adolescents about reproductive health. This pilot study was conducted to select the items in the research tools comprising preliminary drafts of two questionnaires having multiple-choice questions on reproductive health. The data was collected through purposive sampling, a total of 109 students of class eight from three private unaided CBSE affiliated schools from Sonipat district of Haryana participated in the study. The data was analyzed for difficulty level and discrimination index of each item on both the tools. The findings of the study led to the selection of the items in the final version of each tool. Those items which did not satisfy the criteria for difficulty level and discrimination index were discarded from the final version of the tool.
Traditional Chinese Culture and Everyday Life
Authors: - Jin Meilan , - Geng Yanxia
Published: February 2024

Culture and life, these two concepts always stick together. The renaissance of the traditional culture and classics in this new century could be said as an inevitable process of the Chinese history. Represented by Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, the traditional culture and thoughts are ubiquitous in every aspect of the Chinese people’s life. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish the influence resulting from a particular thought.This article explores the fact that the Chinese people’s life is the result of the common interaction of these three thoughts from three aspects.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Respiratory Viral Diseases and Its Prevention among Adolescents in Selected Schools at Perinthalmanna
Authors: - Dilna MP , - Fathima Haneena , - Fathima Hiba , - Fathimmath Shahana Jasmin , - Sasikala Arumugam
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Respiratory viral diseases are disease of respiratory system caused by respiratory viruses. Respiratory viruses are the most frequent causative agents of diseases in humans with significant impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. In present study we assessed the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding respiratory viral diseases and its prevention among adolescents in selected schools at Perinthalmanna.
Methodology:
Quantitative one group pre-test post-test approach was used in this study. 60 samples were selected by using non probability convenient sampling technique. Structured knowledge questionnaire including demographic variables was used for the study.
Result:
Pre-test result shows that 29(48.33%) of adolescents had good knowledge, 27(45%) of adolescents had average knowledge and 4(6.67%) of adolescents had poor knowledge. Post-test knowledge shows that 38(63.34%) had excellent knowledge, 20(33.33%) had good knowledge, 2(3.33%) had average knowledge and none of the adolescent had poor knowledge. The effectiveness of self-instructional module was assessed by paired ‘t’ test. The calculated value was (t=19.3047) higher than the table value (t59=2.0010), it shows the self-instructional module was effective. There was no association between pre-test knowledge score of adolescents with selected demographic variables such as age, gender, class, religion, education of mother, education of father, occupation of father, occupation of mother. There was a significant association found between pretest knowledge score of adolescents with values of previous source of knowledge. The mean post-test score (15.03) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (9.17).
Conclusion:
The present study revealed that the self-instructional module was effective as it improved the knowledge level of post-test.
Meningitis and Tuberculosis: A Correlation along with Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculosis Meningitis
Authors: - Vanita Jamba , - Tanya Gupta
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is a communicable disease and a leading cause of death globally, especially in developing countries. It exists in active and latent forms, affecting both pulmonary and extrapulmonary sites. The pathophysiology of TB involves interactions with various immune cells, particularly T cells, in defense against the infection. On the other hand, meningitis is the inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and it can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Bacterial meningitis, associated with high mortality and risk of disability.
The article highlights the promulgation of TB into the brain and the immune responses within the brain, shedding light on the migration of M. tb into the central nervous system (CNS) and the innate immune responses involving microglia and cytokine secretion. The diagnostic methods for TB meningitis encompass neuroimaging, adenosine deaminase measurement in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, it discusses the treatment of TB meningitis, emphasizing traditional antimicrobial therapies, systemic corticosteroid therapy, adjunctive therapy, fluid management, surgical intervention for hydrocephalus, and considerations for patients co-infected with HIV. The treatment approaches stress the importance of timely and empirical treatment, the use of newer generation fluoroquinolones, systemic corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy, and surgical interventions for hydrocephalus. The article also addresses the potential challenges and considerations for patients co-infected with HIV, such as the risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), drug interactions, and the efficacy of adjunctive corticosteroids.
Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the correlation between TB and meningitis, covering their pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches. It emphasizes the complexity of managing TB meningitis and the importance of considering various factors, including immune responses, diagnostic accuracy, and tailored treatment strategies, particularly in the context of HIV co-infection.
Impact of New Direct Individual Tax Regime During Last Two Years
Authors: - Aditham Prakash Rao , - Shubhra Aanand
Published: February 2024

The New Individual Tax Regime was introduced on 1st April, 2020 with the objective of simplifying tax compliance and a lower rate of tax was announced on different slabs which have been increased from 3 to 7 slabs of income range. It is importance to understand how this new individual tax regime has affected the tax liability of the individuals or contributed in increasing the tax base or in increasing tax revenue. Hence an attempt is made to understand the impact of New Direct Tax regime on the options of the assesses, revenue generation and widening the tax base.
Evaluation of Anti-urolithiatic Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants and Its Polyherbal Formulation in Experimentally Induced Urolithic Rats
Authors: - Shubhranshu Panda , - E. Nikhil Chakravarthy , - G. Tharun Kumar
Published: February 2024

Nelumbo nucifera, Anogeissus latifolia, and Leucas aspera (Family: Nymphaeaceae, Combretaceae, and Labiatae) have been selected for nephroprotective studies using the methanolic extract of the plants (NNE, ALE, & LAE) in rats. Kidney stones form when minerals and salts in the urine accumulate and crystallize in the kidneys or urinary tract. The Methanolic extract of NNE, ALE, LAE & and PHF of (500mg/kg, 500mg/kg & and 200mg/kg) exhibited significant urolithic action in ethylene glycol induction in rats. Cystone can be used as a standard drug and compared with the plant extracts, considering P<0.001 as a significant value. In the procedure, renal analysis parameters were decreased and inhibited to a lower extent. Inducing of NNE, ALE, LAE &and PHF significantly prevents the growth of urinary stones. The possible mechanism is mediated by the diuretic, antioxidant, and anti‑inflammatory effects of the plants. The results concluded that MNNE, ALE, & LAE, and PHF possessed significant anti‑urolithiatic activity. These assertions show that the extracts have the pharmacological actions in the tradition of Indian medications.
Open Examination System
Authors: - Shashwat Dwivedi , - Priynshu Gupta
Published: February 2024

The NOU Online Examination System is a Learning Management System (LMS) along with examination system and self-assessment tool to facilitate “E-Learning System to the students for the learning purpose from a remote location".
The Influence of Marketing Mix on Consumer Buying Decisions in the context of Fast Moving Consumer Goods
Authors: - Vanlalhruaii Leivang , - L S Sharma
Published: February 2024

Customer behaviour is the aggregate of how individuals perceive, decide their requirements, buy and experience products, and proceed to address issues. The customer plays the roles of user, payer, and buyer in consumer buying decisions. The objective of the paper is to examine the relationship between the marketing mix elements and consumer buying decisions of fast-moving consumer goods. The study for the research was conducted in Aizawl, Mizoram. A total of 106 respondents, 57 (53.8%) of the participants belong to the age group 19-29 years, 30 years and above (38, 35.8%), and 18 years and below (11, 10.4%). The male participants (61, 57.5%) are more than the female (45, 42.5%). Quantitative and structured questionnaires were designed and the data were collected through an online survey tool. Analysis and interpretation of data were performed using descriptive and frequency statistics, reliability statistics, correlational matrix, and one sample T-test in Jamovi. A one sample T-test was executed to present the relationship between the marketing mix elements to consumer buying decisions of fast-moving consumer goods. The results indicated that Product (H1, p<0.001), Place (H2, p<0.001), Promotion (H3, p=0.001), and Place (H4, p<0.001) of the marketing mix are significantly related to consumer buying decisions.
Formulation and Assessment of Poly-organic Sunscreen Using Cymbopogon Citratus
Authors: - Tamanna Boruah , - Neha Yadav , - Chitra Gupta
Published: February 2024

Degradation in environment such as global warming, water and air pollution, ozone layer depeletion etc. seems to affect health and skin of human beings causing severe damages to our skin therby giving rise to dryness and itchiness to our skin. Currently herbal sunscreens are used by almost 85% of people alive on the earth to protect their skin from UV-radiation, heat, premature aging etc. The concept of beauty and use of cosmetics is demanding from ancient time. Sunscreens also helps us to prevent our skin from cancer and sunburn caused by several medicines such as anthracene, benzophenone etc. It also prevents from itching, redness and dryness of skin. Herbal cosmetics are naturally produced and are far from harmful chemicals which otherwise may be toxic to our skin. Our aim and objective is to prepare herbal/organic sunscreen using natural and synthetic ingredients such as: lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), coconut oil (Cocos nucifera), green tea extract, almond oil,aloe vera, rose water (Rosa rubiginosa), Vitamin E, glycerin, seed oil, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide etc. having high SPF, good anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and more important for UVA/UVB protection. The credibility of the formulations will be found by calculating its SPF. Different formulations of sunscreen from F1 to F7 were evaluated for various parameters like pH, color, odor, spreadability, washability, non-irritancy test, consistency, viscosity, stability, physical appearance. The study of these parameters of formulated product will give us idea about which conformation of extract would be stable and hence safe. It can bring to an end that poly-organic cream without much side effect can be used as an action of providing barrier to avoid aging and protect the skin from harmful UV rays.
Prevalence of Anemia Among Adolescent Girls in a Rural Area of Jharkhand, India
Authors: - Amrita
Published: February 2024

Background: Anemia accounts for a majority of the nutritional problem across the globe. The prevalence of anemia is inordinately higher among developing nations, because of low socioeconomic status and indigent access to the healthcare services. Adolescent period is signalized by marked physical activity and rapid growth spurt; therefore they need additional nutritional supplements and are at utmost risk of developing nutritional anemia. This study was carried out to find out the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 255 adolescent girls. After getting informed consent from the subjects, the information regarding age, socio demographic status, menstrual history, and short clinical details were recorded. Blood samples were collected and analyzed using automated hematology analyzer.
Results and Discussion: Overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 48.63% (n = 124). The majority of the anemic girls (55.64%, n = 69) were having mild degree of anemia. Among 255 girls, 188 (73.73%) were from the early adolescent age group (10–14 years). Prevalence of anemia (52.24%) was high among the late adolescents and those belonging to low socioeconomic class.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between anemia and socioeconomic status, dietary modification, nutritional supplementation, and helminthes control; in addition, compliance with consumption of iron and folic acid tablets will prevent anemia to a great extent among adolescent girls.
Implementation of the Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020: A Case of the Technical Education Vocational and Entrepreneurship Training Authority
Authors: - Simate Nyambe , - Richard Kasongo Mwale
Published: February 2024

The study evaluated the implementation of Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020 by public entities, focusing on the case of the Technical Education, Vocational, and Entrepreneurship Training Authority (TEVETA). This study aimed to assess the implementation of the Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020 at TEVETA. A descriptive research design was employed. The target population included Directors, Managers, specialists, and officers from the Finance, Audit, Procurement, and Information Communication and Technology (ICT) departments. Purposive sampling techniques were utilized to select seven (7) finance staff, two (2) Audit staff, and three (3) procurement staff. Data from Finance staff, Audit staff, and Procurement staff were collected using interview guides, while Information Communication and Technology staff participated in focus group discussions. Observation checklists and document analysis were also employed. The researcher personally conducted the administration of the guides and focus group discussions. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables, charts, and graphs using Microsoft Excel.
The study identified challenges in the implementation of the Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020 at TEVETA, leading to non-compliance with the existing public procurement law. It was found that the electronic government procurement system (e-GP) was not implemented due to a lack of capacity among procurement professionals. There was a lack of interaction between procuring entities and the Zambia Public Procurement Authority (ZPPA) to organize training workshops, seminars, and conferences on interpreting and implementing the Public Procurement Act. Challenges were also noted in implementing section 12 of the Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020 related to the use of the market price index. The study highlighted that the quarterly market price provided by ZPPA was susceptible to price fluctuations and the depreciation of the Zambian currency against major currencies. Consequently, the study concluded that the Public Procurement Act No. 8 of 2020 was not effectively implemented at TEVETA.
It was recommended that ZPPA and TEVETA collaborate to enhance the capacity of procurement professionals for effective interpretation and implementation of the Public Procurement Act. Additionally, it was suggested that the quarterly market price index (MPI) be reviewed monthly due to price fluctuations and currency depreciation compared to major currencies.
Monetization Models in the Gaming Industry: A Comparative Analysis of In-game Purchases, Subscriptions, and Free-to-play Strategies
Authors: - Kumar Divya
Published: February 2024

This publication devotes its attention to the commercial aspects of the gaming business, with a particular emphasis on investigating the various monetization techniques that are utilised by game developers and publishers. A complete examination of in-game purchases, subscription-based services, and free-to-play tactics is the goal of this research. The analysis will compare the economic viability of these techniques, as well as their impact on player engagement and their potential to be sustained over the long run. The purpose of this study is to provide those working in the gaming business with insights into the changing landscape of gaming commerce. These insights will aid industry professionals in making educated decisions regarding the creation of revenue and the pleasure of players. The gaming industry has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years, and as it continues to expand, the focus on commercial strategies becomes increasingly critical for developers and publishers. This journal aims to delve into the intricate world of gaming commerce, specifically scrutinizing the diverse monetization models prevalent in the industry. By thoroughly examining in-game purchases, subscription-based services, and free-to-play strategies, this research seeks to unravel the economic intricacies, assess their impact on player engagement, and evaluate their long-term sustainability.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Cobalt Oxide Spinel for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: - Harsha P. Uskaikar
Published: February 2024

The cathode material were prepared by dispersing Co3O4 on vulcan carbon in situ and manually grinding in pestle and mortar. Co3O4 prepared by hydrazine based combustion method showed nanocrystalline nature. Surface area was found to increase on dispersing Co3O4 on vulcan carbon by manually grinding it in pestle and mortar. The kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied on Co3O4/C electrodes in KOH electrolyte by using cyclic voltammetry and steady state polarization measurements using Hg/HgO as the reference electrode. The morphological features of the electrocatalyst was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) & BET surface area. The polarization results showed higher electrocatlytic activity for the ORR on Co3O4/C (G) cathode in comparison to Co3O4/C (P) prepared by dispering Co3O4 on a vulcan carbon. Electrocatalytic activity of N(G) & N(P) were compared with Pt/C electrodes.
Social History of Women from Ancient Times to Modern Era
Authors: - JAYASHREE P
Published: February 2024

EDUCATION OF WOMEN