bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRISE PLANETÁRIA, ESTADO AMBIENTAL E ECOSSOCIALISMO: APONTAMENTOS PARA UMA APROXIMAÇÃO DE CONCEITOS
Authors: Melo João Alfredo Telles
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo pretende abrir uma discussão acerca dos impactos da atual crise ambiental planetária sobre a sociedade humana e de que forma os movimentos sociais, em especial os ecológicos, respondem ao que poderíamos chamar de crise civilizatória ou “policrise”, em diálogo com a proposta de um nova sociabilidade: o socialismo ecológico ou ecossocialismo. A pretensão do trabalho não é, por óbvio, esgotar o assunto, que é novíssimo nas ciências sociais, mas, antes, instigar reflexões, na perspectiva de superação da crise em que a humanidade – e a vida, como um todo – está mergulhada hoje.
UMA ANÁLISE DO ENSINO JURÍDICO NO BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Nathalie de Paula
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem por escopo analisar a questão do ensino jurídico no Brasil, investigar os principais motivos da sua má qualidade e, ao final, apresentar algumas sugestões que visem aprimorá-lo e sanar os principais problemas. Parte-se de uma breve contextualização da situação dos docentes e discentes nos cursos de Direito, dando-se um maior enfoque à democratização do ensino, principalmente o jurídico, de modo a investigar as vantagens e desvantagens desse fenômeno. Conclui-se pela necessidade de um maior controle por parte dos órgãos e entidades responsáveis, de modo a orientar a classe de estudantes e professores a buscar um aprendizado cada vez mais contributivo para a sociedade, bem como a exigência de uma postura ética por parte dos envolvidos no processo ensino-aprendizagem.
A FALSA LIBERDADE DO CIDADÃO DIANTE DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA
Authors: Pellegrini Bruna Lustosa
Published: April 2021

Este artigo visa tratar sobre a relação entre o direito fundamental do acesso à justiça, elencado no artigo 5º, inciso XXXV da Constituição Federal de 1988 e a prerrogativa de liberdade que é dada ao cidadão de impetrar por si próprio uma ação nos Juizados Especiais, nos casos em que o valor da causa não exceda o limite de vinte salários mínimos, sendo dispensada, neste caso, a presença do advogado. Busca-se analisar a fragilidade do discurso da efetivação da justiça sem que se ofereça ao cidadão a real compreensão do seu problema e do direito que lhe assiste, juntamente com a necessidade de um Judiciário consciente de suas funções constitucionais, políticas e sociais. Serão questionadas as causas que obstam a ampliação do acesso do cidadão brasileiro ao Judiciário e a problemática do significado que a concepção jurídica possui diante da comunicação humana dentro de uma realidade que envolve o cidadão comum e os Juizados Especiais, verificando em que medida a linguagem determina a consciência e a compreensão pelo cidadão e em que medida a ideologia do comunicador determina sua linguagem. Tem-se, como objetivo geral, demonstrar que o acesso à Justiça não pode ser entendido simplesmente como o acesso aos tribunais, analisando a capacidade postulatória dada ao popular e o papel do Judiciário numa sociedade despreparada como a brasileira
Quantifying key metrics of ecosystem biodiversity in natural and managed sub-boreal forests of British Columbia
Authors:   , Chisholm Colin
Published: April 2021

Forest management in the central interior of British Columbia has been active for over a century. Industrial forest practices in the region are based on the premise that harvest and subsequent stands regeneration is sustainable, but recent investigations raise questions about long-term ecological sustainability and impacts on biodiversity. I evaluate here, using a chronosequence of forest stands, the impacts of stand harvest on biodiversity status and recovery. Aerial laser scanning is used to enhance analysis and model impacts spatially. I provide a novel assessment of key biodiversity metrics of diversity, richness, abundance, and modeling using linear discriminant analysis and random forest frameworks. Results show that vegetation community composition and coarse woody debris (CWD), a key habitat for numerous taxa, are both impacted by harvest history. Predictive mapping of CWD provides insights and a further tool for decision makers to manage and ensure natural levels of CWD are maintained on the landscape.
Information support of public administration in the field of the knowledge economy and post<industrial society
Authors: Nikishin V. V.
Published: April 2021

The issue of information support for public administration has always been very acute and, obviously, will never leave the category of topical. By solving it, active integration of advanced scientific and technological achievements into the provision of the process of state administration has been and continues to be. Several upheavals have taken place along the way, the largest of which have been the emergence of wired radio telephony and computerization. Today, such a revolution is digitalization, under the sign of which the post– industrial society exists today and the knowledge economy is being formed. In such conditions, it seems appropriate to consider the problem put forward in the title of this article and specifically characterize the post–industrial society and the knowledge economy in the system of modern economic discourse, consider public administration as a mechanism and an economic problem, and analyze the information support of public administration of the knowledge economy.
Insurance in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
Authors: Kadyrkulov U. T. , Ajekbarov К. А.
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the insurance sector of the EAEU countries is analyzed: Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus. The development of insurance markets in the EAEU member states differ significantly. The lowest level of development of the insurance industry is characterized by Armenia and Kyrgyzstan, the highest level of development is in Russia. The paper also examines the restrictions on the reinsurance market in the EAEU countries.
Pengalaman karies, penyakit periodontal dan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil

Caries experience, periodontal disease, and caries risk level of pregnant women

Authors: Rahmayani Mutia Rizki , Suwargiani Anne Agustina , Suryanti Netty
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Perempuan yang sedang hamil merupakan golongan yang rentan terhadap penyakit gigi dan mulut. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang tidak dijaga dengan baik dapat menjadi sumber terjadinya penyakit gigi dan mulut seperti infeksi gigi dan jaringan periodontal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengalaman karies, penyakit periodontal, dan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei yang melibatkan 50 orang ibu hamil di Puskesmas Pagarsih. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan indeks DMF-T, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) dan Caries Risk Assessment Form ADA usia >6 tahun. Hasil: Nilai indeks DMF-T ibu hamil 7,84 termasuk kriteria rendah. Hasil CPITN yaitu periodontal sehat 0%; BOP 4%; kalkulus 64%; poket 4-5 mm 32%; poket 6 mm 0%. Sejumlah 4% ibu hamil membutuhkan perawatan periodontal instruksi oral hygiene, 96% lainnya membutuhkan perawatan instruksi oral hygiene, scaling dan menghilangkan faktor retentif plak. Persentase risiko karies ibu hamil dengan kategori sedang sebanyak 34% dan tinggi sebanyak 66%. Simpulan: Pengalaman karies ibu hamil termasuk ke dalam kriteria rendah, penyakit periodontal yang paling sering dijumpai adalah gingivitis, sedangkan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil masuk ke dalam kategori tinggi.Kata kunci: Ibu hamil, indeks DMF-T, indeks CPITN, karies, tingkat risiko karies. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Pregnant women are the susceptible group to oral diseases. Negligence of oral health care can be a source of oral diseases such as dental and periodontal tissue infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the caries experience, periodontal disease, and caries risk level of pregnant women. Methods: This research was descriptive with data collection techniques through a survey involving 50 pregnant women at Pagarsih Community Health Centre (Puskesmas). Data collection was obtained by examining the DMF-T index, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), and the ADA Caries Risk Assessment Form aged >6 years. Results: The DMF-T index value for pregnant women was 7.84, which included the low criteria. The result of the CPITN was 0% healthy periodontal; BOP 4%; 64% calculus; pocket 4-5 mm 32%; pocket 6 mm 0%. Some 4% of pregnant women need periodontal treatment with oral hygiene instructions; the other 96% need oral hygiene instructions, scaling and removing plaque retentive factors. The percentage of caries risk for pregnant women in the moderate category was 34%, and 66% were in the high category. Conclusion: The caries experience of pregnant women is included in the low criteria. The most common periodontal disease is gingivitis, while the caries risk level of pregnant women is in the high category.Keywords: Pregnant women, DMF-T index, CPITN index, caries, caries risk level.
Identifikasi gen kariogenik glukosiltransferase Streptococcus mutans pada pasien karies gigi

Identification of Streptococcus mutans cariogenic gene glucosyltransferase (gtf) in dental caries patients

Authors: Endriani Rita , Siregar Fajri Marindra , Rafni Elita , Azhari Rahmat Kemal , Jefrizal Jefrizal
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) merupakan bakteri yang mempunyai glukosiltransferase surface (GTFs) yang berperan pada proses  perlekatan dan virulensi bakteri pada permukaan gigi. Enzim GTFs terdiri atas  tiga jenis enzim GTFs yaitu GTFB, GTFC dan GTFD dan masing-masing enzim ini dikode oleh gen gtfB, gtfC dan gtfD yang juga berperan sebagai prekursor dalam adhesi seluler plak gigi yang dapat menyebabkan karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi gen gtfC dan gtfD S. mutans  pada pasien karies gigi. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan consecutive sampling. Sampel penelitian diambil dari kerokan jaringan karies gigi, diisolasi, dikultur, dan diidentifikasi di laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Sentral FK UNRI. Identifikasi S. mutans dan gen kariogenik gtfC dan gtfD menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Data ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan dinyatakan dalam persentase Hasil: Dari 60 kerokan jaringan karies  didapatkan  S. mutans sebanyak 10 isolat, sedangkan gen gtfC dan gen gtfD didapatkan masing-masing 4 (40%) isolat. Simpulan: Gen kariogenik teridentifikasi gen gtfC dan gtfD pada isolat S. mutans dari pasien karies gigi sebanyak 40%.Kata kunci: gtfC, gtfD, kariogenik glukosiltransferase Streptococcus mutans. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a bacterium with a glucosyltransferase (Gtfs) surface, which plays a role in the attachment process and bacteria virulence on the tooth surface. The Gtfs enzyme consists of three types of Gtfs enzymes, namely GtfB, GtfC, and GtfD. These enzymes are encoded by the GtfB, GtfC, and GtfD genes, which also act as precursors in the cellular adhesion of dental plaque that can cause dental caries. This study was aimed to identify the GtfC and GtfD of S. mutans in dental caries patients. Methods: This study was conducted with consecutive sampling. Research samples were taken from dental caries tissue scrapings, isolated, cultured, and identified in the Microbiology and Central Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine University of Riau. Identification of S. mutans and GtfC and GtfD cariogenic genes using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The data was displayed in the form of a frequency distribution table and expressed as a percentage. Results: From 60 caries tissue scrapings, ten isolates were obtained, while the GtfC gene and GtfD gene were obtained 4 (40%) isolates each. Conclusion: Forty percents of S. mutans isolates from dental caries patients were identified as the GtfC and GtfD cariogenic genes.Keywords: GtfC, GtfD, cariogenic, Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferase.
Diagrama da impressão e suas conexões com a palavra e a imagem
Authors: Veneroso Maria do Carmo De Freitas
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo propõe uma discussão sobre a arte impressa, a partir de um diagrama da impressão, que parte da sua gênese na natureza até o seu desenvolvimento na arte na contemporaneidade. O diagrama estrutura-se a partir dos seguintes fatores: o anacronismo da impressão; continuidades, rupturas, cruzamentos e contaminações e o campo ampliado da gravura, temas que a autora já está pesquisando e no qual tem se aprofundando há algum tempo. Dentre os momentos de ruptura que mais afetaram a gravura e a arte impressa, destacam-se: o desenvolvimento da imprensa no ocidente; a invenção e o desenvolvimento da fotografia; a revolução/ proliferação digital. O diagrama aborda ainda o princípio comum da impressão, da palavra e da imagem, e sua vinculação desde a pré-história até o Renascimento, quando ocorre uma primeira ruptura entre a palavra e a imagem, que afetará também a gravura. Essa relação palavra/imagem será retomada no final do século XIX e início do século XX no trabalho de artistas e poetas que explorarão esse diálogo muitas vezes através de processos gráficos, diluindo a hierarquização entre palavra e imagem e retomando, dessa forma, antigos vínculos entre elas, ressaltando o caráter visual da escrita. Isso será registrado no diagrama, indicando e explorando as relações e entrecruzamentos entre palavra e imagem, através do seu diálogo cada vez mais íntimo na arte.
Kualitas Pelayanan Sertifikat Tanah Hak Milik di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Jayapura
Authors: Sapioper Hiskia C.M. , Flassy Marlina , Ilham Ilham
Published: April 2021

The study aims to know and describe the quality of services and arrangements in the land certificates processing at Land Office of Jayapura Regency, Papua Province in Indonesia. This was a qualitative research by using service quality theory. This theory consists of five main dimensions namely, tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance. The primary data was obtained through observation and interviews, while secondary data was obtained through library research. Data analysis was carried out through reduction and presentation, conclusions, and verification. Therefore, the results showed that service procedures were implemented according to standards, and the officers' competence were considered adequate. However, in terms of facilities and infrastructure, service standards did not meet the required expectations. Finally, the duration of the process indicated that the services provided were not responsive to the community needs.

 

Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kualitas pelayanan dan pengaturan pertanahan dalam pengurusan sertifikat tanah hak milik di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Jayapura, Provinsi Papua. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menuang teori kualitas pelayanan yang terdiri atas lima dimensi pokok: tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, assurance. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengamatan dan wawancara, data sekunder berasal dari studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur pelayanan telah dilaksanakan sesuai standar pelayanan, serta kompetensi petugas juga dinilai telah memadai. Kendati demikian, dari segi sarana dan prasarana belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan standar pelayanan, lamanya proses penyelesaian pengaduan juga mengindikasikan bahwa pelayanan yang diberikan kurang memuaskan kebutuhan masyarakat selaku pengguna layanan.
Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Nilai-nilai Pancasila melalui Keteladanan dan Pembiasaan di Sekolah Dasar
Authors:   Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, kusumawardani fitri , Akhwani Akhwani , Nafiah Nafiah , Taufiq Mohammad
Published: April 2021

Decreased awareness to internalize and inspire the values of Pancasila will lead to the degradation of the nation's character. If left unchecked will have an impact on the morale and attitudes of the younger generation that are not in accordance with the values of Pancasila. This study aims to determine the implementation of character education based on Pancasila values through role models and habituation. This research is based on the library research process. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative-critical, namely by emphasizing the ability of analysis and analysis of selected library sources. The results showed that the implementation of Pancasila values through role models was done by improving the religious side of students, providing guidance and training students' obedience to obey the rules, arouse the national spirit and love of the motherland, instilling democratic attitudes in students, teaching social care and not apathetic. Whereas the implementation of the values of Pancasila through habituation is done by accustoming students to having an attitude of religious tolerance, mutual love and respect for fellow human beings, not making a difference as an excuse to be divided, accustomed to making deliberative decisions, making friends with anyone and having solidarity.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Screencast-o-matic (SOM) Berbasis Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Pada Mata Kuliah Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Di Ikip Budi Utomo Malang
Authors:   IKIP BUDI UTOMO, Khotimah Khusnul , Pebri Setiani Puspita
Published: April 2021

The purpose of developing instructional videos is to make it easier for students to understand the material and improve students' higher order thinking. The product development model uses Research & Development Model (R&D) from Borg and Gall. Products are tested through expert judgment, trials and field trials. Expert judgment consists of aspects of learning, media design and materials. The data collection instrument used in this development was a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is the percentage and average. The results of expert assessment are 1) the learning aspect shows a good category (82%), 2) the media design aspect shows a good category (86%), 3) the material aspect shows a good category (90%). In the trials conducted, the score was 92% in good category. Based on the field test results in an assessment score of 89% with a good category. based on the results of product trials, this learning video cannot be used in learning and further research can be carried out.
Tantangan Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Mahasiswa Dan Penguatan Kompetensi Kewarganegaraan Melalui Kebijakan Kampus Merdeka
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Nanggala Agil , Suryadi Karim
Published: April 2021

The independent campus policy is an actual policy in the field of higher education, because it requires the modernization and democratization of higher education, so that it is adaptive to the realities of the progress of the times, as well as the aspects of learning which have a real impact on students. This study aims to analyze the challenges of independent campus policies in fulfilling student rights, as well as provide rationalization of the importance of Citizenship Education learning orientation on independent campuses which leads to strengthening student citizenship competencies, in order to become civilized citizens. This research was conducted through a qualitative approach with methods literature study, the data analysis process in this study includes: data reduction, data display, verification and conclusion. The results obtained are 1) the challenges faced by the independent campus policy, in fulfilling the rights of students, generally due to the unequal quality of education, the reality of national competitiveness and national innovation, as well as the quality of services and legal protection for students, 2) strengthening competence Student citizenship needs to become a general orientation of Citizenship Education on an independent campus policy, because it is comprehensive, in order to create civilized students and can be relied on by the state. Efforts to overcome challenges that have the potential to hinder the optimal running of the independent campus policy, can be through the commitment and consistency of various parties, especially the government and university leaders, to advance national education and guarantee fair legal protection and non-discriminatory educational assistance
Prestaciones de seguridad versus prestaciones asistenciales en el marco de las reglas de coordinación de Seguridad Social en la Unión Europea
Authors: Cardeñas Porta Virginia Eugenia
Published: April 2021

La sentencia delimita las prestaciones que están incluidas dentro del ámbito de aplicación de los reglamentos de coordinación de los sistemas de seguridad social de la Unión Europea. Ante el problema que plantea la exclusión de las prestaciones asistenciales del ámbito de aplicación de los Reglamentos comunitarios, utiliza el principio de asimilación de hechos como elemento factual de conexión entre prestaciones contributivas de un Estado miembro con prestaciones asistenciales de otro Estado miembro.
Externalización y empresas multiservicios
Authors: Hernández-Carrillo Manuel Martín
Published: April 2021

El modelo productivo de contratación y subcontratación, ha venido produciendo una progresiva precarización de las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores de las empresas contratistas y subcontratistas, efecto que se ha visto agravado por la paulatina aparición de las empresas de multiservicios. En este contexto, aderezado con una profunda crisis económica y los efectos devastadores sobre el empleo que trajo consigo la pandemia provocada por el Covid-19, el Tribunal Supremo matiza su doctrina en relación a la posibilidad de cubrir las necesidades de personal en los supuestos de descentralización productiva mediante el contrato temporal para obra o servicio determinado.
Reseña de “Los derechos fundamentales en el empleo público: sistemas jurídicos italiano y español: cuestiones actuales y puntos críticos” (Monereo Pérez, J.L., González de Patto, R.M., Spinelli, C. Y Vida Fernández, R., Comares, Granada, 2021)
Authors: Gómez Salado Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

Esta monografía, dirigida por los profesores José Luis Monereo Pérez, Rosa María González de Patto, Carla Spinelli y Raquel Vida Fernández, ha sido elaborada con el fin de aportar un análisis actual, sistemático y comparado sobre los derechos fundamentales, sus garantías y ejercicio, en el marco concreto del empleo público de España e Italia. En ella participan numerosos docentes e investigadores de varias Universidades Italianas y españolas, como Ombretta Dessi, Rosa Di Meo, Gemma Pacella, Gabriella Nicosia, Paola Saracini, Gabriella Leone, Carla Spinelli, Marco Barbieri, Vincenzo Bavaro, Donato Marino, Monica McBritton, Angelica Riccardi, José Luis Monereo Pérez, Rosa María González de Patto, Pompeyo Gabriel Ortega Lozano, Olimpia Molina Hermosilla, Raquel Vida Fernández, Francisco Vila Tierno, Gloria María Montes Adalid y Belén del Mar López Insua.
Reseña de “Poderes empresariales y resolución del contrato de trabajo por incumplimiento del trabajador España e Italia” (Ortega Lozano, P.G., Comares, Granada, 2020)
Authors: López Vico Sheila
Published: April 2021

La obra objeto de recensión titulada Poderes empresariales y resolución del contrato de trabajo por incumplimiento del trabajador España e Italia analiza de manera crítica la heterogénea problemática que presenta la figura del despido disciplinario tanto en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico como en el italiano. Ésta ha sido la ambiciosa empresa perseguida por el doctor Pompeyo Gabriel Ortega Lozano, doctor y profesor de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social de la Universidad de Granada, la cual, me atrevería a decir, ha logrado con éxito.
Escala de estrategias de disposición al estudio en universitarios: propiedades psicométricas
Authors: Sáez-Delgado Fabiola , Bustos Navarrete Claudio , Lobos Peña Karla , Mella-Norambuena Javier , Díaz Mujica Alejandro
Published: April 2021

Las estrategias de disposición al estudio (establecer objetivos, gestionar el tiempo y organizar recursos) son claves para el aprendizaje autorregulado y el desempeño de los estudiantes, por lo que su medición debe ser lo más precisa posible. Sin embargo, los instrumentos para medir estrategias de aprendizaje son muy generales para evaluar estas estrategias disposicionales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo diseñar y analizar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento de estrategias de disposición al estudio en estudiantes universitarios, el cual fue aplicado a una muestra por conveniencia de 630 estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La escala total y sus 4 subescalas mostraron consistencia interna adecuada (α > 0.70), estructura latente ajustada a los datos y correlaciones débiles, aunque estadísticamente significativas, con las calificaciones reportadas por los alumnos. Se concluye que el instrumento es confiable y válido para su aplicación en estudiantes de educación superior.
How lower doses of direct oral anticoagulants are interpreted in clinical practice: a national survey of the Italian Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (ATVB) Study Group
Authors: Rubboli Andrea , Fresco Claudio , Paciaroni Maurizio , Rocca Bianca , Pecora Domenico , Enea Iolanda , Cuccia Claudio , Patti Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

Aim

To evaluate the current interpretation of the lower doses of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) dabigatran, apixaban, edoxaban and rivaroxaban in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Methods

A questionnaire of 14 statements to which the possible answers were fully agree/partially agree/partially disagree/fully disagree or yes/no was prepared within the board of the Italian Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Study Group and forwarded to individual Italian physicians.

Results

A total of 620 complete questionnaires were received from nearly all the Italian regions and physicians of various medical specialists, either enabled or not for the prescription of DOAC. A wide agreement was found as regards the pharmacological, as well as clinical consequences of the administration of the lower dose of factor-Xa inhibitors both in patients with and without clinical and/or laboratory criteria requiring dose reduction. Wide agreement was also found as regards the presence of moderate kidney insufficiency in selecting the dose of DOAC. Instead, more debated were issues regarding the proportionality between dabigatran dose and plasma concentration and selection of dabigatran dose, as well as the role of measuring drug plasma concentration and/or determine the anticoagulant activity of factor-Xa inhibitors when used at the lower dose.

Conclusion

The interpretation of the lower doses of DOAC in current Italian clinical practice appears largely correct and shared. Because of the persistence of some residual uncertainties, essentially regarding dabigatran, however, continuous educational effort still appears warranted.
Attitude and practice toward physical restraint among psychiatric nurses in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional survey†
Authors: Ye Jun-Rong , Zeng Jun-Fang , Xiao Ai-Xiang , Xia Zhi-Chun , Dai Lian-Di , Wang Chen
Published: April 2021

Objective

To explore the correlation between nurses’ attitude and practice toward physical restraint (PR) in psychiatric settings and identify the factors that influence the use of PR.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A self-designed questionnaire containing a PR scale was used to assess the attitude and practice of registered psychiatric nurses in Guangdong, China, from November 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. Descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and ordinal regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results

The response rate was 74.6%. The nurses’ responses showed neutral attitude and a moderate level of practice regarding the use of PR. Factors such as age, gender, marital status, professional position, nightshift, and the frequency of training programs on PR showed a significant association with nurses’ attitude and practice concerning PR (P < 0.05). In addition to these factors, this study found that the practice of PR was associated with nurses’ attitude toward it (P < 0.05). Our results showed that nurses with a largely negative attitude toward PR were more likely to use it (OR = 1.91, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Clinically, psychiatric nurses with negative attitude are more likely to practice PR. Training and education programs are highly recommended for nursing managers to change the nursing staff’s attitude, since their attitude may have an impact on the PR what they practice.
Immersion in 6-Benzylaminopurine for Dormancy Release and Initiation of Potato Sprouts at Various Tuber Weight and Storage Duration
Authors: Siregar Luthfi Aziz Mahmud , Lambok Turnip  , I.M. Revandi Damanik
Published: April 2021

One of the main obstacles in providing quality potato seed tubers is the long dormancy period of the potato seeds. A study that explores this has been carried out to elucidate the response of dormancy release and initiation of potato sprouts to the differences in tuber weight and storage duration before immersion in cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine). The study was conducted at the seed warehouse UPT Horticulture Parent Seed Kutagadung Berastagi, Department of Food and Horticulture of North Sumatra Province, from November 2018 to January 2019. The research was carried out with a factorial completely randomized design with two factors, namely (i) tuber weight, consisting of 4 levels [25-35 g, 55-65 g, 85-95g, and 115-125 g]; and (ii) tuber storage duration before immersion in 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) solution, consisting of 5 levels [control (without immersion), 1, 15, 30, and 45 days after harvest]. Tuber weight, storage duration before immersion, and the interaction of the two factors showed significant effects in dormancy breaking time, germination percentage, germination rate, number of sprouts, and length of sprouts. The number and length of the sprouts increased with the increasing tuber weight and storage duration before immersion in BAP.

Keywords: cytokinin, germination, Solanum tuberosum L., tuber seeds
STATE SOVEREIGNTY IN INTERNATIONAL AND INTEGRATION FRAMEWORKS
Authors: Kovalev VLADIMIR S.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article provides the overview of the transformation of state sovereignty due to global trends. Main stages of the historical development of this concept are indicated. The author identifies and evaluates from various positions the key «reference points» of the correlation between state sovereignty and the modern globalized world based on international law, and presents the vision of the impact of integration on it. Materials and methods. The study is based on general scientific and special methods. In view of the nature of the researched issues, the comparative legal research, as well as analogy and modelling were of particular importance. Much attention was paid to the legal framework of the EU, the EAEU, Russia and a number of foreign states, as well as to the doctrine of international law and the theory of international integration. Research results. The article presents the integrated approach to the source of state sovereignty and the primacy of its natural, national or international nature according to the modern trends. Correlation between state sovereignty and international legal personality is also reviewed. The author designs the prototype of «integration sovereignty» on the basis of theoretical approaches and practical examples. Discussion and conclusion. The author substantiates a broad interpretation of the «classical» understanding of sovereignty within the framework of international integration trends. It is noted that the presented concept requires deep understanding, theoretical study and further scientific discussion, however, ignoring its existence, according to the author, is impossible, and taking it into account in practical work is necessary.
DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY AND POLITICAL COOPERATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (1945-1992)
Authors: Tikhova VLADLENA V.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. This paper analyzes the history of development of the European Union’s political and military cooperation. The author gives an in-depth review of the origins of the European integration, its reasons and key political figures who played the crucial role in this process. The author shows that the establishment of cooperation between West European countries right after 1945 dealt with projects that were not implemented. Much attention is paid to the activities of the Western European Union (WEU) that played a considerable role in shaping the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the European Union. The article also presentshow different the members of the European Union are, how the views of the European countries vary in many areas and how difficult it is to coordinate the positions of the member-states on important issues concerning the foreign, security and defense policy of the European Union.Materials and methods. Building on the system analysis of the theories of international relations, international integration and the materials of related sciences such as political and conflict resolution studies the author considers the development stages of the European countries’ political and military collaboration from the establishment of the EuropeanDefense Community to the European Political Cooperation.Results. Proceeding from the results of the analysis the author concludes that the activities aimed to build military and political collaboration of the European states had laid a solid foundation to establish the second pillar of the EU - the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) by the time the Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.Discussion and conclusions. The materialsof this paper describe the stages and historicalroots of the development of the military and political collaboration of the European countries. Complexities and contradictions that are inherent in this process explain the challenges the EU’s current foreign, security and defense policies have to face.
Effect of Adhesive Type and Overlap Length on the Mechanical Resistance of a Simple Overlap Adhesive Joint
Authors: Monteiro João , Salgado Rui , Rocha Tomás , Pereira G. , Marques Eduardo , Carbas Ricardo , Da Silva Lucas
Published: April 2021

The present study focuses on the experimental determination of the mechanical behaviour of simple lap joints subjected to quasi-static tensile loads. Four different specimens were tested, resulting from the combination of two different adhesives (ductile and brittle) and two distinct overlap lengths. Cohesive fractures were observed on all specimens, which allowed for a direct comparison of experimental results and failure load prediction using analytical criteria adequate for adhesive joints. Three different criteria were used to predict the failure load, the Volkersen criterion, generalized yielding of adhesive and the adherend yielding criterion. The predictions based on the Volkersen criterion were found to agree well with experimental values obtained for the more brittle material. Moreover, increasing overlap length for the same material only led to a slight increase of the failure load of the joint. However, for the ductile material it was the generalized yielding criterion that better agreed with experimental results, where a significant and linear increase of the failure load was observed with increased overlap length. These results provide valuable insights for material selection and joint design procedures for adhesive joints loaded under large mechanical demands.
Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Costa José , Sequeiros Elsa , Vieira Maria Teresa , Vieira Manuel
Published: April 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the most trending technologies nowadays, and it has the potential to become one of the most disruptive technologies for manufacturing. Academia and industry pay attention to AM because it enables a wide range of new possibilities for design freedom, complex parts production, components, mass personalization, and process improvement. The material extrusion (ME) AM technology for metallic materials is becoming relevant and equivalent to other AM techniques, like laser powder bed fusion. Although ME cannot overpass some limitations, compared with other AM technologies, it enables smaller overall costs and initial investment, more straightforward equipment parametrization, and production flexibility.This study aims to evaluate components produced by ME, or Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), with different materials: Inconel 625, H13 SAE, and 17-4PH. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of manufactured parts were evaluated, confirming the process effectiveness and revealing that this is an alternative for metal-based AM.
Agent Based Models in Power Systems
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos António , Tomé Saraiva João
Published: April 2021

In the last two decades, power systems have experienced several changes, mainly related to organizational and operational restructuring. The appearance of new actors contributes to developing new business models and modifies its traditional operation activities. As a direct result, there is a need for new control solutions and strategies to integrate these different players. Agent-Based Models (ABM) have been increasingly used to model complex systems since they are especially suited to model systems influenced by social interactions between flexible, autonomous, and proactive agents. This paper provides a review of the literature regarding ABM in power systems followed by an analysis in more detail regarding specific applications that are becoming relevant in this new paradigm.
Hydrogen and the Transition from Gas Networks to a New Energy Carrier Paradigm
Authors: Santos Bruno Henrique , Peças Lopes João Abel
Published: April 2021

Portugal has developed a national roadmap for hydrogen deployment as a key element of the Portuguese energy transition towards carbon neutrality, with a major contribution towards the electrification of society, generating synergies between the electric and gas systems. Considering the government goals for hydrogen injection within natural gas infrastructures for 2025 and 2030, as long as the indicative trajectories for 2040 and 2050, the authors used the natural gas forecast of the security of supply official report in order to obtain the hydrogen demand and power plant capacity, evaluating the system effort to meet public policy goals. Several alternative scenarios were developed for sensitive analysis, in order to assess the different strategies of hydrogen deployment, considering production from an electrolyzer. Regarding the current Portuguese situation and every scenario outcome, the authors stated that major efforts must be undertaken in order to develop full-scale hydrogen projects in order to meet the national goals.
Increased urine chromium concentrations in a worker exposed to lead chromate due to medicinal herb intake
Authors: Sanz-Gallen Pere , Calvo-Cerrada Beatriz , Martí-Amengual Gabriel , Ruiz Marisa , Marín Eva , López-Guillén Anselmo
Published: April 2021

Background: Hexavalent chromium compounds are sensitizers of the skin and lung. Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium compounds is associated with respiratory effects and ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum. Such compounds are also considered carcinogens of the lung and nasal and paranasal sinus. Objectives: To demonstrate the importance of studying occupational and non-occupational exposure when assessing the concentration of substances in the urine. Case study: A study was conducted of environmental chromium concentrations in the workplace. In addition, an occupational medical examination was performed, recording activities inside and outside the workplace, eating habits, blood lead and urine chromium at the beginning and end of the workday. Results: One worker exposed to lead chromate presented high chromium concentrations in urine (up to 62 µg/l before the working day and 52 µg/l at the end of the working day). Environmental chromium concentrations in the workplace were below 0.25 µg/m3. In view of the results, a full study was conducted of the patient’s habits outside work. He reported having bought a kilo of a medicinal herb infusion at a street market three weeks previously. The concentration of total chromium in the prepared infusion was 12000 µg/l. The patient stopped consuming the medicinal herb. Subsequently, the urine chromium analysis was below 0.5 µg/l. Discussion and Conclusions: This case is interesting because it demonstrates that the consumption of medicinal herbs can interfere with biological monitoring of workers exposed to hexavalent chromium compounds. This may give rise to confusion and can also create legal problems for companies and workers. It is important to provide advice to workers and to investigate their habits outside work, especially when there is a discrepancy between environmental and biological values. In this case, the increase in urinary chromium is due to the consumption of medicinal herbs.
Sobre a Investigação nos Programas de Formação Inicial de Professores
Authors: Sousa Rita Tavares de , Lopes Amélia , Boyd Pete
Published: April 2021

A consciência da importância da formação inicial tem crescido nos últimos anos e a formação em investigação surge como uma dimensão a investir para a qualidade da formação e do ensino. É também sabido que os contextos nacionais têm impacto na maneira como a formação inicial de professores é estruturada e, portanto, na maneira como a investigação é valorizada. Pretende‑se comeste trabalho descrever e discutir a relação que se estabelece entre a investigação e o ensino na formação inicial de professores em dois cursos, em instituições com características distintas e em dois países diferentes – Portugal e Inglaterra. Os dados foram recolhidos com estudantes e formadores/as dos dois cursos através de entrevistas individuais e de grupo, e de grupos de discussão focalizada. Os resultados permitem concluir que o valor atribuído à investigação varia de país para país e de instituição para instituição. Os dados portugueses sugerem uma perspetiva de investigação mais próxima da investigação académica e os de Inglaterra uma perspetiva mais associada à prática. Em ambos os casos surgem inquietações relativamente à visão tecnicista do ser professor/a e à presença tardia da investigação nos programas de FIP.
Social Capital and Residential Agency in Pujiang New Town, Shanghai
Authors: Richardson Carolyn
Published: April 2021

Although it barely registered in social media and current news in North America, the Shanghai 2010 World Expo was the most expensive urban reconstruction project in Chinese history and also caused the largest human relocation project in Shanghai history. To make way for the Expo, over18 000 families- an estimated 55 000 people- were relocated to the outskirts of Shanghai, away from their homes, communities, social connections and basic services. Of these residents, 25 000 were relocated to Pujiang new town: a brand new town constructed for this occasion by the Shanghai government. Although the government and contracted urban planners built the town, it is the relocated residents who are building the community. Using personal interviews that I and my Shanghainese partner conducted with the residents of Pujiang new town, we aimed to find out how residents are regaining the “social capital” that was lost during their forced relocation, and how their “individual and collective agency” prevents them from being seen as victims of a strong centralized government. In order to understand how this unique case of urban development was created, I will also be explaining the historical causes of the project, and it’s social and political consequences. However, it is the overarching question of “how does China see urban development, and why?” that I wish to answer
1. Effect of Gender Cues in Audio Narratives on Same-Gender Attracted Women’s Psychophysiological Sexual Arousal
Authors: Bouchard Katrina
Published: April 2021

The purpose of my honours thesis project is to gain further understanding of subjective and genital arousal patterns of women who have varying degrees of same-genderattractions. While other-gender attracted women show a category-nonspecific or generalized pattern of sexual response to their preferred and nonpreferred gender, samegenderattracted women show a category-specific pattern of responding, with significantly greater sexual response to their preferred gender, when exposed to lowintensity audiovisual stimuli (Chivers, Seto, & Blanchard, 2007). Past research has examined same-gender attracted women’s sexual responses to audiovisual stimuli (Chivers et al., 2007) and other-gender attracted women’s sexual responses to audio narratives (Chivers & Timmers, in press); however, no research to date has focused on same-gender attracted women’s sexual responses to audio narratives, which is a less intense stimulus modality (e.g., Heiman, 1980). Study procedure involved presentation of sexual and nonsexual audio narratives, which described interactions with male and female partners, to women with varying degrees of same-gender attractions. I will examine the category-specificity of same-gender attracted women’s genital and subjective sexual response. I expect that same-gender attracted women will have a category-specific pattern of sexual response, with significantly greater genital and subjective sexual arousal to sexual stories featuring a female partner. Also, I expect that genital and subjective arousal to sexual stories featuring a female partner will increase with degree of samegenderattraction.
3. Clinical Trials Knowledge in Oncology Patients: a Comparison of Actual Knowledge versus Trialists’ Priorities
Authors: Cameron Paul
Published: April 2021

Background: Advancements in oncology depend on clinical trials, yet recruitment to trials remains poor. Previous efforts to increase enrolment by providing educational materialsto patients have improved patient understanding of trials, but not recruitment. To understand the clinical trials knowledge gaps among oncology patients, surveys of patients and trialists were conducted and compared. Methods: Patients completed a questionnaire measuring their understanding of key concepts in clinical trials. Twenty-two “true/false/do not know” knowledge questions, two 5-point Likert opinion questions, one free-text space and demographics were collected. Trialists (nurses and physicians) completed 13 five-point Likert scale questions plus freetext space to measure the importance they placed on patient knowledge of specific topics. The relationship between what trialists valued and actual patient knowledge was compared. Results: Patients thought they had a good understanding of clinical trials (50%) however this apparent understanding of clinical trials was not reflected in the scoring as only 58.3% (SD 23.5) of questions were answered correctly. There were positive associations shown between education level, personal belief of understanding and willingness to join a clinical trial with percentage of correct responses (p=0.006, p<0.001, p=0.002 respectively). For topics given high knowledge priority by trialists, patients gave correct answers for lessthan 50%. Conclusion: Among patients with cancer, there is a poor knowledge of clinical trials and a gap between what trialists think patients ought to know and actual patientunderstanding. These results support the development of educational materials on clinical trials for oncology.