bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Metamorphopsia and Macular Parameters Before and After Idiopathic Macular Hole Surgery
Authors: Liang XiDa , Wang Yi , Liu LiMei , Gao Meng , Yu YanPing , Wang ZengYi , Chen JinQiu , Liu XinXin , Liu Wu
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To investigate changes in the pattern of metamorphopsia in patients after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery and the relationship between metamorphopsia, visual acuity (VA), and macular parameters.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This prospective, interventional study included 53 eyes of 53 patients with idiopathic full-thickness MH. The severity of metamorphopsia was quantified using M-CHARTs. Minimal and basal diameter of MH and disrupted length of ellipsoid zone were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

RESULTS:

Preoperative mean M-score was significantly improved from 0.95 (0.73–1.60) (expressed as median [25% percentile, 75% percentile]) to 0.5 (0.28–0.63) after surgery (Z = −5.573;
P
< .001). Postoperative mean M-score was significantly correlated with mean minimal diameter of MH, preoperative mean M-score, and preoperative logMAR best-corrected VA. Multiple regression analysis verified that postoperative mean M-score was significantly correlated with mean minimal diameter of MH (adjusted r
2
= 0.113;
P
= .008).

CONCLUSION:

Metamorphopsia and VA were significantly improved after successful MH surgery. Mean minimal diameter of MH is valuable prognostic factor to metamorphopsia after MH surgery.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:595–602.

]
Choriocapillaris Hypoperfusion Artifact in OCT Angiography
Authors: Kayat Kim Vieira , Roisman Luiz , Zett Claudio , Novais Eduardo A. , Farah Michel Eid
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To illustrate how optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) can be misinterpreted if not evaluated along with structural en face OCT to analyze the signal intensity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients with different macular diseases associated with suspicious flow impairment in the choriocapillaris were recruited to be imaged on the RTVue XR Avanti device (Optovue, Fremont, CA) with the Angio Retina mode. En face OCT angiograms, structural en face OCT, and corresponding OCT B-scans with flow signal overlaid were compared to evaluate the correspondence of signal strength to areas of flow reduction in the choriocapillaris.

RESULTS:

Six eyes from six patients were enrolled. Macular lesions evaluated in this study included acute central serous chorioretinopathy, paracentral acute middle maculopathy, age-related macular degeneration, adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy, and branch retinal vein occlusion. In all cases, areas of suspicious flow decrement in the choriocapillaris corresponded to hyporeflective areas in the intensity en face OCT. Thus, a precise confirmation of choriocapillaris flow impairment was not possible.

CONCLUSION:

It is essential to be aware of the importance of analyzing the structural image alongside with the flow image to interpret flow impairment. This is more important in subretinal pigment epithelial structures such as choriocapillaris and choroid.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:603–610.

]
Repeat Surgery in Failed Primary Vitrectomy for Macular Holes Operated With the Inverted ILM Flap Technique
Authors: Michalewska Zofia , Nawrocki Jerzy
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Effects of repeat surgery in failed primary full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) closure with the inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective analysis of patients operated with the inverted ILM flap technique. Optical coherence tomography was performed before initial and secondary surgeries and then at up to 12 months post-surgery.

RESULTS:

During the second surgery, the inverted ILM flap created at the first attempt had returned to its original position, instead of covering the FTMH. FTMH was closed in 29 eyes after second surgery (89%) and in all eyes after third surgery. Visual acuity improved in 28 of 32 cases (87.5%). The tamponade used (either silicone oil or air) did not influence final visual results (
P
= .06).

CONCLUSIONS:

Repeat surgery with the inverted ILM flap technique is an effective method of treatment. Silicone oil improved anatomical outcome after second surgery but did not influence visual results.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:611–618.

]
Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity and a
TUBA1A
Mutation inde Morsier Syndrome
Authors: Reyes-Capó Daniela P. , Chen Felix , Wilson Benjamin , Tarshish Brocha , Ventura Camila V. , Read Sarah P. , Negron Catherin I. , Berrocal Audina M.
Published: August 2018

The authors report a case of a premature male neonate born at 25.3 weeks gestational age weighing 605 grams with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and a heterozygous mutation in
TUBA1A
c.715A>C, a critical gene for microtubules, who developed asymmetric and aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This report presents a novel mutation associated with SOD and proposes that optic nerve hypoplasia may have potentiated a severe ROP phenotype.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:629–632.]
Methodological Issues in Studying Mass Violence
Authors: Daly Sarah E.
Published: August 2018

This chapter offers a review of the literature of the nature of studying mass violence. It is often problematic, difficult, or nearly impossible due to small sample sizes, incomplete or inaccurate information, or discrepancies even deciding what exactly “mass violence” is. This chapter reviews the literature for methodological approaches, summarizes qualitative and quantitative methods and findings, and discusses the challenges of mass violence methodologies while also proposing solutions, suggestions, and directions for future research.
Deconstructing an Epidemic
Authors: Silva Jason R. , Greene-Colozzi Emily A.
Published: August 2018

The excessive media coverage of mass gun violence has contributed to the public perception of an epidemic. These senstionalized media accounts highlight statistics suggesting a dramatic rise of the phenomenon. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis and comparison of open-source datasets to identify methodological weaknesses and clarify the prevalence of the problem. Findings illustrate the definitional, temporal, and data collection issues impacting the accuracy of assessment. This deconstruction of research counters the perception of a substantial rise in mass gun violence and suggests rates will vary depending on the typological phenomenon being investigated. A discussion of findings illustrates the importance of continuing the examination of mass gun violence and provides comprehensive guidelines for future research assessing the frequency of the phenomenon.
Commander- or Comforter-in-Chief?
Authors: Schildkraut Jaclyn , Dohman Bethany G.
Published: August 2018

After mass shootings, various claims makers enter the national discourse to understand why these events happen and how best to respond to them in respect to policy and prevention. Among these individuals is the President of the United States, who often offers commentary meant to unify the nation in the aftermath of such tragedy and calm the fears of a nervous public. The influence of presidential rhetoric has long been contested among scholars, though it has yet to be examined in the context of mass shootings. Accordingly, this chapter seeks to understand the nature of such responses to these events in respect to the language choices made by the President, the context in which these messages are framed, and how these contribute to a broader understanding of mass shootings. Remarks offered by presidents in response to mass shootings are analyzed for 32 attacks occurring between 1966 and 2014, with attention paid to patterns within and between the various presidents. Potential policy implications and a broader social contextualization of these commentaries also are explored.
Assessing Water Quality in Payments for Environmental Services
Authors: Choupina Alexandre , Pereira Elisabeth T. , Ribeiro Francis Lee , Mizukoshi Marina Tuyako
Published: August 2018

The strategy of payment for environmental services (PES) has been increasingly present in current environmental policies, due to the acknowledgment that new mechanisms are needed to stimulate the conservation and maintenance of life-supporting services, such as the services of water provision to populations and to agricultural purposes. Nevertheless, some difficulties related to the lack of consistent methodologies to analyze the efficiency and water quality are verified. The chapter applies a methodology based in an adaptive neutral fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach to assess water quality. With this purpose, a water quality index is developed through a fuzzy reasoning. The relative importance of water quality indicators involved in the fuzzy inference process is modeled using a multi-attribute decision-aiding method. In recent years, fuzzy-logic-based methods have demonstrated to be appropriate to address uncertainty and subjectivity in environmental problems.
Recent Trends and Applications of Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Srivastava Pankaj Kumar , Bisht Dinesh C. S.
Published: August 2018

Classical set theory, which is based on dichotomy, is not applicable in cases where vagueness is involved. Fuzzy logic is based on the idea of relative graded membership. Fuzzy logic has all the strength to cope with vagueness, uncertainty, and imprecision. Fuzzy logic is a tool that connects human cognitive relations to computers, since computers are not at all good in reading imprecise and vague data. Fuzzy logic is gaining its popularity in various field of research. It found its application in decision making, identification, time series, pattern recognition, optimization, and control. This chapter discusses fuzzy logic, fuzzy sets, and major applications of fuzzy computing.
A Review of Systems Reliability Analysis Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Abdolshah Mohammad , Samavi Ali , Khatibi Seyyed Amirmohammad , Mamoolraftar Maryam
Published: August 2018

Reliability is one of the important aspects in product quality that shows efficiency or operation of the product, failure rate, and confidence. When the efficiency of the product is reduced below a desired level, the product is said to have failure. In real world, data collection or access of detailed features of the system is often difficult because of incomplete or unavailable information and probabilistic approach to the conventional reliability analysis. Therefore, to solve this problem, fuzzy set theory is used to evaluate system reliability. This research studies the literature on the reliability of fuzzy systems. Several studies have shown that fuzzy logic method can be more appropriate in comparison with classical methods and mathematical modeling.
Trajectory Planning and Control Algorithms of Mobile Robots for Static Environments
Authors: Urrea Claudio
Published: August 2018

In this chapter, different types of trajectory control and planning algorithms for mobile robots in static environments are analyzed and assessed. To this end, a mobile robot is made to plan and follow a route between two arbitrary points in an autonomous way. This work goes in depth into the discrete space techniques and those based on search trees. First, kinematics, trajectory planning and contour maps, robot control, etc. are reviewed. Second, computer simulations that validate these theoretical results are also designed and implemented. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of each trajectory planning methodology are assessed.
Culturally Responsive Practices in Educational Environments
Authors: Dietz Syntia Santos , Rhodes Christy M.
Published: August 2018

The current political climate, changes in demographics, and a globalized world call for culturally responsive practices that strengthen the education and development of the future generation of global citizens. The chapter will unfold the meaning of cultural responsive practices in education through the lens of the relational cultural theory (RCT). The discussion will center on the importance of having critical conversations, promoting relationship building, developing cultural competence, and taking social justice and advocacy actions in all educational environments. At the end of this chapter, readers will 1) have a better understanding of cultural responsive practices in education, 2) identify strategies that support meaningful learning environments, 3) reflect on their own cultural competence development, 4) recognize their responsibility in promoting social justice, and 5) identify their opportunities for taking advocacy actions towards more caring and equitable educational environments.
Partnering With Parents
Authors: Henderson Heidi Lee
Published: August 2018

...it is time for the voice of the mother to be heard in education. (, p. 200) Nel Noddings frequently employs the idea of the teacher displaying behaviors of the mother in training students in the art of caring. This chapter argues that the converse is also true – the “mother” (or family unit) should display behaviors of the teacher as well. To accomplish this, schools and educators should work together with parents to create multifaceted “Parent Support Plans” that are continuously revised and updated. In practice, the teacher and family become “partners” in the education of the cared-for child.
Creating a Caring High School Environment by Utilizing a Common Visual Language
Authors: Incao-Rogers Virginia Marie
Published: August 2018

This chapter will provide a rationale for the importance of implementing a caring culture in the school community, as well as using instructional tools to provide a high level of instruction and care. A summation of ethics theorist Nel Nodding's work is presented to the reader as evidence and motivation for embracing the caring model as an invaluable component of teaching. In conjunction with Nel Nodding's care theory, the author will expand on thinking maps research to demonstrate how thinking maps supports an ethics of care in the classroom, while deepening student learning, enhancing critical thinking skills, and promoting creative thought. Thinking maps are a set of visual tools for supporting instructional practices and improving student performance. It is a language of eight visual patterns each based on a fundamental thinking process. When an educator utilizes this research-based tool, consistently and purposefully in the classroom, the leader is cultivating user independence and fostering a nurturing environment for his/her students.
E-Assessment and Multiple-Choice Questions
Authors: Azevedo José , Oliveira Ema Patrícia , Beites Patrícia Damas
Published: August 2018

The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the assessment process is becoming an asset, giving rise to the so-called computer-based assessment or e-assessment. Nowadays, its use is becoming more usual in higher education institutions. Closed formats for questions, namely multiple choice, are the most commonly used. This chapter presents a literature review of the main aspects related to this topic, including the main modalities of assessment (summative assessment and continuous assessment). Issues related to multiple choice questions (MCQ) are discussed with more detail, referring to the various formats of MCQ, its advantages and limitations, with a particular focus on its use in mathematics tests. Also, some guidelines for the quality assurance of MCQ with quality are included.
Assurance of Learning and Accreditations Through Assessment in Business Schools
Authors: Kehal Mounir
Published: August 2018

The use of web-based technologies in academic institutions for their diverse practices has been widespread in colleges and universities for several decades. These applications include surveying stakeholders, assessing classes, reporting on faculty development, and assurance of learning data to mention a few. Further advances have led to the integration of applications that not only enable the sharing of knowledge, but which also support the reporting requirements necessary to obtain and retain accreditation; likewise satisfy the supply of intellectual capital to the employment marketplace. In this chapter, the authors aim to portray relationship between assurance of learning and assessment at large with real life examples and approaches.
A Grading Data Warehouse Approach to Measuring and Analyzing Learning Performance
Authors: Aram Michael , Mödritscher Felix , Neumann Gustaf , Andergassen Monika
Published: August 2018

E-assessment comprises a variety of activities in and beyond the classroom. However, traditional e-learning platforms support only a part of assessment (e.g., individual and group assignments, the grading of such activities, and student record management). Typically, such platforms lack competency orientation, or face performance issues due to increasing application complexity and usage intensity. To overcome technical limitations and provide a basis for competency-based assessment, the authors present an analytics component that is inspired by data warehouses. The potential of this artifact is elaborated, and the improvements are evaluated through a case study about Learn@WU, the LMS of WU Vienna. Although the focus was competency-based aggregation of learning results, early experiences show performance increases for retrieving simple grades of 45% to 98%. Sample scenarios demonstrate how to define and calculate indicators along activity hierarchies and competency graphs to enable the measurement of learning performance along both generic indicators and competency-oriented assessment.
E-Assessment in Portuguese Higher Education
Authors: Amante Lúcia , Oliveira Isolina Rosa , Gomes Maria João
Published: August 2018

The new learning scenarios resulting from technological development and in particular of Web 2.0 make it necessary to rethink the teaching practices in higher education, namely at the level of assessment strategies aligned with more recent paradigms. The assessment of competences requires an approach where knowledge, abilities, and attitudes are integrated, implying the use of a variety of assessment strategies. What models can anchor this new assessment culture? How can one design an assessment program that guarantees the quality of this new approach? Based on a new theoretical framework for e-assessment in higher education, the authors construct and apply a survey aimed to identify the practices and the perspectives of the teachers, and the experiences and the perspectives of the students in public higher education institutions. In this chapter, the authors present and discuss the results obtained and advance a proposal for teacher training.
Advanced Fault Diagnosis Monitoring Scheme in Asynchronous Motor Using Soft Computing Method
Authors: Kumar K. Vinoth , Ramya K. C.  , Irfan Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This chapter deals with the implementation of a PC-based monitoring and fault identification scheme for a three-phase induction motor using artificial neural networks (ANNs). To accomplish the task, a hardware system is designed and built to acquire three phase voltages and currents from a 3.3KW squirrel-cage, three-phase induction motor. A software program is written to read the voltages and currents, which are first used to train a feed-forward neural network structure. The trained network is placed in a Lab VIEW-based program formula node that monitors the voltages and currents online and displays the fault conditions and turns the motor. The complete system is successfully tested in real time by creating different faults on the motor.
Vibration Monitoring of Rotating Electrical Machines
Authors: Choudhury Achintya
Published: August 2018

Vibration monitoring is applicable to all rotating machines for defect detection and diagnosis. Measurement and analysis of vibration have also been applied to rotating electrical machines with the objective of fault detection and predictive maintenance. The sources of vibration generation in electrical rotating machines, both electrical and mechanical, have been identified in this chapter. The vibratory characteristics associated with these defects have also been discussed in detail. Analyses of vibratory signatures in time domain, frequency domain, and time frequency domain have been dealt with, and different features and indicators associated with each domain have been described. The details of vibration measurement schemes such as transducers, different signal conditioning elements, as well as characteristics of recording and display devices and their applicability to electrical machines have also been included in the chapter.
A State of Art Critique Review of Role of Optimization in NDTS for Effective Condition Monitoring
Authors: Khaira Ashish , Dwivedi Ravi K.
Published: August 2018

Nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques play a pivotal role in a condition-based monitoring system. Generally, using an optimization technique for optimizing the available solution gives added advantage. By keeping this fact in mind, this chapter is an attempt to provide a detailed review of research work from 2000-2018 that covered the role of optimization for effective condition monitoring using NDTs. It was observed from literature that little work found related to NDT process optimization. The researcher and practitioner can use the outcome of this work as a beacon and improve it further.
Identifying Parameters for Nonlinear Degradation-Based Prognostics
Authors: Yang Feng , Salahuddin Mohamed
Published: August 2018

Prognostics and health management (PHM) methodologies are increasingly playing active roles in improving the availability, reliability, efficiency, productivity, and safety of systems in many industries. In predicting the remaining useful life (RUL), this chapter introduces a prognostics framework with health index (HI) formulation, with specific emphasis on incorporating and validating nonlinear HI degradations. The key issue to the success of this framework is how to identify appropriate parameters in describing the behavior of the nonlinear HI degradations. Using exponential HI degradation as an example in predicting the RULs of induction motors, this chapter discusses three different explorations in verifying the existence of good parameter values as well as identifying the appropriate parameters automatically. Comprehensive experiments were carried out with degradation process (DP) data from eight induction motors, and it was discovered that good parameters can be automatically determined with the proposed parameter identification method.
Improving algorithms and uncertainty estimates for satellite NO2 retrievals: Results from the Quality Assurance for Essential Climate Variables (QA4ECV) project
Authors: Boersma K. Folkert , Eskes Henk J. , Richter Andreas , De Smedt Isabelle , Lorente Alba , Beirle Steffen , van Geffen Jos H. G. M. , Zara Marina , Peters Enno , Van Roozendael Michel , Wagner Thomas , Maasakkers Joannes D. , van der A Ronald J. , Nightingale Joanne , De Rudder Anne , Irie Hitoshi , Pinardi Gaia , Lambert Jean-Christopher , Compernolle Steven
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Global observations of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns have been shown to be feasible from space, but consistent multi-sensor records do not yet exist, nor are they covered by planned activities on the international level. Harmonised, multi-decadal records of NO2 columns and their associated uncertainties can provide crucial information how the emissions and concentrations of nitrogen oxides evolve over time. Here we describe the development of a new, community best practice NO2 retrieval algorithm based on a synthesis of existing approaches. Detailed comparisons of these approaches led us to implement an enhanced spectral fitting method for NO2, a 1° × 1° TM5-MP data assimilation scheme to estimate the stratospheric background, and improve air mass factor calculations. Guided by the needs expressed by data users, producers, and WMO GCOS guidelines, we incorporated detailed per-pixel uncertainty information in the data product, along with easily traceable information on the relevant quality aspects of the retrieval. We applied the improved QA4ECV NO2 algorithm on the most actual level-1 data sets to produce a complete 22-year data record that includes GOME (1995-2003), SCIAMACHY (2002–2012), GOME-2(A) (2007 onwards) and OMI (2004 onwards). The QA4ECV NO2 spectral fitting recommendations and TM5-MP stratospheric column and air mass factor approach are currently also applied to S5P-TROPOMI. The uncertainties in the QA4ECV tropospheric NO2 columns amount to typically 40 % over polluted scenes. First validation results of the QA4ECV OMI NO2 columns and their uncertainties over Tai’an, China in June 2006 suggests little bias (−27thinsp;%) and better precision than suggested by uncertainty propagation. We conclude that our improved QA4ECV NO2 long-term data record is providing valuable information to quantitatively constrain emissions, deposition, and trends in nitrogen oxides on a global scale.
Simulating migration in dynamic vegetation models efficiently with LPJ-GM
Authors: Lehsten Veiko , Mischurow Michael , Lindström Erik , Lehsten Dörte , Lischke Heike
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Dynamic vegetation models are a common tool to assess the effect of climate and land use change on vegetation. While the current development aims to include more processes, e.g. the nitrogen cycle, the models still typically assume an ample seed supply allowing all species to establish once the climate conditions are suitable. A number of species have been shown to lag behind in occupying climatological suitable areas (e.g. after a change in the climate) as they need to arrive and establish at the newly suitable areas. Previous attempts to implement migration in dynamic vegetation models have allowed simulating either only small areas or have been implemented as post process, not allowing for feedbacks within the vegetation. Here we present two novel methods simulating migrating and interacting tree species which have the potential to be used for continental simulations. Both distribute seeds between grid cells leading to individual establishment. The first method uses an approach based on Fast Fourier transform while in the second approach we iteratively shift the seed production matrix and disperse seeds with a given probability. While the former method is computationally marginally faster, it does not allow for modification of the seed dispersal kernel parameters with respect to terrain features, which the latter method allows. We evaluate the increase in computational demand of both methods. Since dispersal acts at a scale no larger than 1 km, all dispersal simulations need to be performed at least at that scale. However, with the current available computational power it is not feasible to simulate the vegetation dynamics of a whole continent at that scale. We present an option to decrease the required computational costs, reducing the number of grid cells where the local dynamics is computed by simulating it only along migration transects. Evaluation of species patterns and migration speeds shows that although the simulation along transects reduces the migration speed slightly, both methods are reliable. Furthermore, both methods are sufficiently computationally efficient to allow large scale DGVM simulations with migration on entire continents.
A Statistical Analysis of TIR Anomalies extracted by RST in Relation with Earthquake in Sichuan Area with Use of MODIS LST Data
Authors: Zhang Ying , Meng Qingyan
Published: August 2018

Abstract. There is a long history for research of earthquake prediction, but weakness of traditional approaches to study seismic hazard have been more and more evident. Remote sensing and earth observation technology, which is a new method that can instantly acquire a large area of abnormal information caused by earthquakes, is believed to be the key to the breakthrough of the bottleneck in the study of earthquake prediction. A multi-parametric approach seems, instead, to be the most promising approach in order to increase reliability and precision of short-term seismic hazard forecast, and Thermal Infrared (TIR) anomaly is an important part of the earthquake precursors. Though many scientists have studied the correlation among TIR anomalies identified by the Robust Satellite Techniques (RST) methodology and single earthquake, there is few study to extract the TIR anomalies in long period and large study area. Moreover, a statistical analysis of TIR anomalies in relation with earthquake is needed to determine whether there is the existence of TIR anomalies before earthquake. In this paper, a refined RST data analysis and Robust Estimator of TIR Anomalies (RETIRA) index were used to extract the TIR anomalies from 2002 to 2018 in Sichuan area with use of Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) Land Surface Temperature (LST), and the earthquake catalog were also used to study the correlation between TIR anomalies and occurrences of earthquake. Most of the thermal infrared anomalies correspond to earthquakes, and statistical methods are used to prove that there is a correlation between the extracted thermal infrared anomalies and earthquakes. And this is the first time to evaluate earthquakes prediction ability with use of PPV, FDR, TPR and FNR, the statistical result shows that the prediction ability of RST in Sichuan area is limited.
The relationship between commodity types, spatial characteristics, and distance optimality of logistics facilities
Authors: Sakai Takanori , Kawamura Kazuya , Hyodo Tetsuro
Published: August 2018

We analyze the relationship between the location of logistics facilities and the goods vehicle travel distances for the shipments associated with the facilities, using data from a large urban freight survey conducted in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area in 2013. Our analysis categorizes the logistics facilities into groups based on the type of commodity they handle. The analysis sheds light on the complex relationship between the location and “distance optimality gap,” defined as the gap between the minimum travel distance possible and the actual distance traveled by goods vehicles. The results indicate that, while the lack of available space for logistics land use near the urban center leads to significant distance optimality gaps for some logistics facility groups, such as those handling daily goods, these same locations may not be advantageous for others. Also, the logistics facilities in the exurbs are likely to have large distance optimality gaps because these locations are often far away from the origins and destinations of their shipments. In terms of land-use policy, the study reveals that simply concentrating logistics facilities near the urban core or suburbs may not reduce truck traffic. Detailed data on logistics facilities and shipments are crucial for formulating effective approaches to improve the distance optimality of logistics land use.
Theoretical substantiation of trip length distribution for home-based work trips in urban transit systems
Authors: Horbachov Peter , Svichynskyi Stanislav
Published: August 2018

Modern approaches to the modeling of transport demand imply the use of calibration procedures during the origin-destination (O-D) matrix estimation or transit assignment. These procedures lead to misrepresenting generated and attracted trips or changing the trip length distribution (TLD). It means that the methods of transport planning can be improved by means of determination, validation and implementation of the TLD to calculate the O-D matrix. The analysis of research results in the field of mass transit reveals an explicit similarity between TLD in different cities and the gamma distribution. It points to general regularities in various systems of mass transit that lead to the similarity in TLD. The regularities are determined by studying the spatial distribution of mass transit stops, which are considered trip origins and destinations. The experimental research was conducted in 10 Ukrainian cities using probability theory methods.
Learner Autonomy and Vocabulary Development for Female Learners of English as a Foreign Language: Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Almusharraf Norah Mansour
Published: August 2018

The research reported here represents a qualitative case study that engaged teachers as participants over a prolonged period of time, examining their teaching practices and agentive roles in the language development of their students. This study draws on a social constructivist framework and transformative learning theory, both of which approach the learner as an agentive self and in the sociocultural context of language learning. Data collection took place at an all-female university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It includes face-to-face semistructured interviews of six teachers from two different classrooms, classroom observations (of two of the six teachers), and audio recordings of instructional practices. The findings reveal that the implementation of autonomous learning is a significant factor in students’ intrinsic engagement and motivation to develop vocabulary knowledge. This study aims to offer guidance to language teachers and researchers who advocate for learner autonomy and innovative classroom practices. It recommends new strategies for cultivating learner autonomy in English education, both in the KSA classroom and elsewhere.
The Semantic Structures Of Balinese Verb: Mabersih ‘To Clean’ Conveying Profane- Sacred Values
Authors: Sudipa I Nengah , Suryati Ni Made , Laksminy Luh Putu , Jirnaya I Ketut
Published: August 2018

There are a number of lexicons relating to the meaning of to clean translated into mabersih or nelain in Balinese language. The fact shows that such lexicons are not only used to express the daily routine activities in Bali-Indonesia, but also to accommodate various values. This article aims at describing the semantic structures of Balinese verbs in order to find out the profane and sacred values. The data was taken from daily conversations and Balinese texts as the written data. The oral data was collected through interview and the written ones by observation and note-taking. The collected data was analyzed by using the metalanguage approach, proposed by Allan (2001). The result showed that most of the encountered verbs being used are carrying profane nuance, among others: mandus, mambuh, masugi, mabaseh, masikat, nyampat, ngepél, ngumbah. Some lexicons are implying sacred values, as the lexicon ngingsah ‘cleaning and washing rice’ carries two possible values, both profane and sacred in certain activities done for the different purposes (a) rice for cooking daily food or (b) rice for making ritual ceremony substances. The lexicon malukat, mabayuh, and masapuh are used to express the nuance done by people to clean them spiritually.
Social Institution Versus Corruption in Indonesia
Authors: Haling Syamsul , Jasin Johan
Published: August 2018

Corruption has become an extraordinary crime in Indonesia and needs new approaches and strategies in its prevention and eradication. Corrupt behavior has damaged the nation’s social order (individual anomalies) so that the prevention and eradication should use the institutionalized approach of social institutions in society (double legitimacy). Social institution is a religious norm because its values are embedded in the human consciousness and have become human beliefs from birth to death. In addition, everyone has a family, and if one member of the family is committing corruption, his family will get a bad image in society. Similarly, educational institutions have produced graduates who behave well so that the integration of these three social institutions corrupt behavior in Indonesia can be prevented and eradicated to restore the state financial assets.
Características mecânicas e ópticas de resinas bulk-fill: revisão de literatura
Authors: Balensiefer Vicenzi Cristina , Benetti Paula
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: realizar uma análise descritiva das características mecânicas e ópticas das resinas bulk-fill com base em dados da literatura. Revisão da literatura: para a realização do estudo, foram utilizados artigos extraídos das bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs. As palavras-chave utilizadas para busca foram: resina bulk-fill, resina composta, polimerização, grau de conversão, caracterização, dureza, rugosidade, resistência à flexão, translucidez, propriedades ópticas. Os compostos bulk-fill são basicamente formados por matriz orgânica e partículas de alumínio, silício e bário, medindo de0,1 μm a 1 μm. Tratam-se de resinas translúcidas que podem ser polimerizadas adequadamente em camadas espessas, possuem propriedades mecânicas aceitáveis, porém inferiores às resinas nano e micro-híbridas, e têm baixo grau de contração volumétrica e menor tensão decontração do que as resinas compostas convencionais. Considerações finais: as resinas bulk-fill são indicadas para restauração de cavidades com fator de contração cavitário desfavorável. A cobertura dessas resinas com2 mm de resina composta convencional em área oclusal é recomendável.

Palavras-chave: Propriedades mecânicas. Propriedade sópticas. Resina.
Tratamento cirúrgico da limitação de abertura bucal causada por hiperplasia do processo coronoide: relato de caso
Authors: Klabunde Caroline , Burzlaff João Batista , Silveira Vinicius Salim , Tonietto Leonardo , Gulinelli Jéssica Lemos , Calcagnotto Thiago
Published: August 2018

A hiperplasia do processo coronoide é uma condiçãoincomum de etiologia desconhecida que se apresentaclinicamente por meio da limitação de abertura bucal enão possui sintomatologia dolorosa durante a aberturae o fechamento bucal. Objetivo: relatar e discutir, pormeio de um caso cirúrgico, o tratamento da limitaçãode abertura bucal causada por hiperplasia bilateral doprocesso coronoide. Relato de caso: paciente do sexofeminino, com 11 anos de idade, foi encaminhada paraatendimento devido à dificuldade de mastigação emfunção da limitação de abertura bucal, sem históricode trauma em face ou na região articular. O exame tomográficoevidenciou o alongamento bilateral do processocoronoide, fazendo com que ele colidisse com oarco zigomático durante a abertura bucal e causasse otravamento. O tratamento proposto foi a coronoidectomiabilateral com acesso cirúrgico intraoral, obtendono pós-cirúrgico imediato um ganho na abertura bucal.Considerações finais: a coronoidectomia é uma abordagemcirúrgica de fácil acesso por via intraoral, poucotraumática e eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com hiperplasiado processo coronoide.

Palavras-chave: Coronoidectomia. Hiperplasia do processocoronoide. Limitação de abertura bucal.
Xerostomia em pacientes com HIV/ Aids: revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Trezena Samuel , Rodrigues Ana Iza Saraiva , Júnior Edwaldo De Souza Barbosa , Pinto Mânia De Quadros Coelho
Published: August 2018

Introdução: a transmissão do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) leva à redução da resposta imunológica do indivíduo, podendo ocorrer alterações na cavidade bucal, entre elas, a xerostomia. Objetivo: por meio de uma revisão sistemática, este trabalho objetiva analisara presença e as correlações da presença de xerostomia em pacientes HIV positivos ou com Aids. Métodos: foi feita busca nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs utilizando os descritores “oral manifestations”, “HIV”, “Aids” e “xerostomia”, sendo os critérios de inclusão trabalhos epidemiológicos descritivos e observacionais com no máximo 10 anos de publicação e em língua inglesa, portuguesa ou espanhola. Resultados: foram encontrados 162 artigos que, após critérios exclusivos, foram reduzidos a 15 trabalhos desenvolvidos em sete países, nos quais se encontraram valores variando entre2% e 76,2% na presença de xerostomia em pacientes com HIV/Aids, a maioria homens entre a terceira e a quarta década de vida. Conclusão: a xerostomia em pacientes com HIV/Aids necessita de diversas pesquisas clínicas, devido aos inúmeros fatores que podem ocasionara etiologia, além da grande divergência de resultados encontrados. Estudos afirmam que patologias que acometem as glândulas salivares podem levar à sensação de boca seca nesses indivíduos e são decorrentes da utilização prolongada da terapia antirretroviral altamente ativa (Haart).

Palavras-chave: Aids. HIV. Manifestações bucais. Xerostomia.
Sociedad, justicia y violencia
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: August 2018

El autor cree que el camino más adecuado para responder efectivamente al problema de la violencia, pasa inexorablemente por la superación de las injusticias para que se pueda avanzar hacia una sociedad más integrada, más estable y más solidaria.Teoría y Praxis Año 9, No. 18, Febrero de 2011, pp.5-23
Historicidad de las posibilidades
Authors: Fúnez Rubén
Published: August 2018

El interés de este trabajo estriba en la descripción del modo como se constituye la noción de posibilidades en el pensamiento de Zubiri, entre 1954 y 1974.Teoría y Praxis Año 9, No. 18, Febrero de 2011, pp.65-105
Esencia o existencia: un debate ontológico ético entre Heidegger y Lévinas
Authors: Romero García David Jacob
Published: August 2018

El autor pretende introducir al lector en un debate sobre el tema del ser entre Heidegger y Lévinas. Se trata de dar espacio a un diálogo entre ambos pensadores, donde Lévinas responda a las posiciones metodológicas de su maestro.Teoría y Praxis Año 9, No. 18, Febrero de 2011, pp.51-63
Reflexões críticas sobre a declaração de inconstitucionalidade de ofício
Authors: Tommasini Nicola , Silva Roberto Baptista Dias da
Published: August 2018

Este artigo pretende expor os diferentes argumentos e posições quanto à possibilidade da declaração de inconstitucionalidade ex officio. Procuraremos demonstrar que a questão esconde complexidades que não podem ser ignoradas quando do tratamento do tema. Propomos, nesse sentido, que é possível cogitar a criação de um modelo que considere as diversas implicações de se proibir ou obrigar o controle de constitucionalidade de ofício. O trabalho utiliza a metodologia analítica, pois, através de estudos da doutrina e da jurisprudência, nacional e estrangeira, desenvolve os argumentos que hoje se colocam, estabelecendo (i) um panorama para a criação de um modelo capaz de absorver as diversas implicações da questão e (ii) uma base para uma crítica construtiva dos modelos que hoje se impõem. Ao final, concluímos que, de fato, o tema merece ser repensado no âmbito da doutrina e da jurisprudência brasileiras, pois se trata de problemática de alta relevância e complexidade, cujas implicações se observam na separação e equilíbrio entre os poderes.
Oferta obrigatória de planos de saúde individuais e familiares: livre iniciativa e direito fundamental à boa regulação
Authors: Abreu Célia Barbosa , Tibúrcio Dalton Robert
Published: August 2018

O artigo analisa o dever de atuação da Agência Reguladora para corrigir a falha de mercado da coletivização do processo de compra dos planos de assistência privada à saúde. Para tanto, o texto enfrenta a questão constitucional atinente à restrição ao direito de livre iniciativa e desenvolve a categoria do direito fundamental à boa regulação. A partir da revisão bibliográfica e jurisprudencial e da análise de dados disponíveis, o artigo identifica que a atividade privada de assistência à saúde está sujeita a um regime constitucional diferenciado, por força da necessidade de prévia autorização para o seu desenvolvimento, o que viabiliza o estabelecimento da obrigatoriedade de oferta de planos individuais e familiares. Em suas conclusões, o artigo aponta que embora o regulador possua discricionariedade para escolher os meios mais adequados ao enfrentamento do problema, a persistência do quadro de desequilíbrio na oferta dos tipos de planos de saúde exige uma atuação clara e motivada da Agência Reguladora, na busca por garantir o direito à livre escolha do consumidor, assegurado pelo direito fundamental à boa regulação.
Mental Health and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Chinese International College Students in a Thai University
Authors: Chen Pengfei , You Xiang , Chen Dui
Published: August 2018

Thai Immigration Department shows the total number of Chinese nationals residing in Thailand at 91,272 in 2015, however, academic studies reveal the figure to be as high as 350,000-400,000 in the past decade. In terms of the huge population, except economic benefit to Thailand and more cross-cultural settings in the campus, there is a critical issue requiring urgent attention. Colleges cannot guarantee high-quality learning and consequently cannot attain their mission, accomplish their goals, or serve their valuable social, economic and public objectives without engaging in the mental and behavioral health matters of their students. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine Chinese international students’ mental health and cross-cultural adaptation to study abroad in a university at Bangkok and investigate whether or not two factors were related to one another. A survey was applied for this investigation. The participants were 900 Chinese international students at a Thai university. The research discovered that different levels of college degrees and length of residence in Thailand were two main factors to influence mental health and cross-cultural adaptation. Incoming students and graduates specifically has a potential problem in cross-cultural adaptation.
Psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner student preceptorship: Perspectives on the clinical training
Authors: Ellis Horace
Published: August 2018

As today’s health-service delivery continues to evolve and transform, keeping pace with the training needs of professionals entrusted to deliver quality, competent care is itself an evolutionary and multifaceted academic undertaking. In the United States, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) have been evidenced as formative, effective, and necessary contributors to quality, cost- effective patient, family, and community-based mental health care across the lifespan. The education and certification processes for PMHNPs involve a comprehensive and rigorous combination of theoretical course-work and clinical practicum guided by the concepts and principles of the preceptorship model. The purpose of this paper is to use the available literature to discuss and gain insights into some clinical and educational perspectives influencing PMHNP students’ practice preparations within the context of the preceptorship-paradigmatic relationship. Along with adding to the literature, this paper could have important implications from the standpoint of the PMHNP student-faculty-preceptor model.
An algorithm to evaluate the efficacy of detecting somatic mutations
Authors: Moorthy Thurai
Published: August 2018

Detection of somatic mutations from late stage solid tumors is a critical part of cancer treatment. Although tumor content is used as a convenient parameter to measure efficacy of detection, it fails to include two basic factors: the lower limit of detection (LLOD), and the ratio of the mutant and wild type allele frequencies.  Recently, the detection of somatic mutations has expanded to liquid biopsy, early stages of cancer and population screening, which all generally carry lower copy numbers of somatic mutations compared to late stage tumors.  With the growing importance of these mutations for targeted chemotherapy and other clinical applications, there is a need re-evaluate the efficacy of detection of somatic mutations.  Hence, a new algorithm, Detection Index (DI), is proposed to standardize the efficacy of all molecular methods and is applicable to all types of clinical samples. Detection Index (DI) is based on two basic determinants: lower limit of detection of the mutant allele, and the ratio of the copies of the mutant allele to that of the wild-type. The benefits of DI include (a) standardization of methods detecting somatic mutations so that laboratory reports will have a uniform interpretation related to clinical picture, and (b) the flexibility to use appropriate amounts of DNA and assay conditions to achieve desired DI.