bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simplified calculation of flexural strength deterioration of reinforced concrete T-beams exposed to ISO 834 standard fire
Authors: Thang Nguyen Truong , Viet Nguyen Hai
Published: November 2021

Reinforced concrete (RC) T-shaped cross-section beam (so-called T-beam) is a common structural member in buildings where beams and slabs are monolithically cast together. In this paper, a simplified calculation method based on Russian design standard SP 468.1325800.2019 is introduced to determine the flexural strength of RC T-beams when exposed to ISO 834 standard fire. The idea of 500oC isotherm method, which is stipulated in both Eurocodes (EC2-1.2) and SP 468, is applied associated with specifications of temperature distribution on T-beams’ cross sections and the temperature-dependent mechanical properties of concrete and reinforcing steel. A case study is conducted to explicitly calculate the flexural strength deterioration (FSD) of T-beams compared to that at ambient temperature. A calculation sheet is established for parametric studies, from which the results show that the FSD factor of RC T-beams is adversely proportional to the dimensions of the beam’s web and flange. However, the effect of these components of T-beams is not significant.
Evaluation of modulus of elasticity for eco-friendly concrete made with seawater and marine sand
Authors: Nguyen Tu T. , Tung Pham Thanh , Hossain Kobir
Published: November 2021

The ultimate aim of this study is to use experimental work for evaluating the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of Geopolymer concrete (GPC) using marine sand as fine aggregate and seawater for the mix. Four different groups of concrete mixtures, namely CP1a, CP1b, CP2a, CP2b were identified. While the CP1a mix was prepared using GPC with marine sand and seawater, the CP1b was made by adding sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) into the CP1a mix. The same procedure was applied for CP2a and CP2b mixtures; however, instead of using GPC, Portland Cement was used as the binder for the CP2 group (OPC). A total of 12 test samples were cast and tested to determine the development of MOE of GPC and OPC over time. The MOE of concrete was measured at 3, 7, 28, 60, and 120 days. Experimental results were then compared to the MOE obtained using the empirical equation from ACI 318 - 2008. It was found that the experimental MOE of both OPC and GPC specimens was higher than the estimated MOE values from ACI standards. The added sodium sulfate yielded a significant effect on the MOE of OPC but produced a minimal influence on the MOE of GPC.
Experimental study on the behavior of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP composite sheets
Authors: Nguyen Trung Hieu , Pham Xuan Dat , Tran Khuong Duy
Published: November 2021

Strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is needed when the actual load-carrying capacity of the columns does not reach the required level due to either structural deterioration or increasing acting loads. This experimental study aims to evaluate the strengthening effect on the eccentrically-compressed RC columns using Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, that confine around the column cross-section. Three RC column specimens with the same geometrical dimensions, reinforcement detailing, and concrete compressive strength were cast and tested in the current experimental investigation. One RC column without being strengthened is referred as the control specimen whereas two other RC columns were partially strengthened by CFRP sheets. All three RC columns were axially loaded with the same initial eccentricity e0 of 80 mm. Based on the test results such as the ultimate load-carrying capacity, the load-rotation relationship, and load-curvature at the middle of column height, the effectiveness of the strengthening technique is discussed.
Numerical study on the flexural performance of RC beams with externally bonded CFRP sheets
Authors: Tan Nguyen Ngoc , Kien Nguyen Trung , Giang Nguyen Hoang
Published: November 2021

The numerical investigations on the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beam strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets are presented. The nonlinear characteristics of materials (i.e., stress-strain relationships of steel reinforcement, concrete, CFRP, and CFRP/concrete bond stress-slip behavior) were adopted in three-dimensional finite element (FE) models. The validation of FE models was conducted by comparing the laboratory works carried out on two RC beam specimens with 2000 mm length, 300 mm height, and 120 mm width. The numerical results show a good correlation with the experimental results of the beam specimens, such as load-displacement curves, crack patterns, and failure modes. They allow confirming the capability of the developed FE model to predict the flexural performance of strengthened beams considering CFRP/concrete interfacial behavior. Furthermore, parametric investigations were performed to determine the effect of flexural strengthening schemes, CFRP length with or without U-wraps, and multiple CFRP layers on the flexural performance of strengthened beams.
Deliberasi untuk Demokrasi Pasca Pandemi Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Pratiwi
Published: November 2021

Sejak pandemi Covid-19 melanda, kebijakan pembatasan sosial diberlakukan, akibatnya banyak sektor ekonomi yang tidak berkembang bahkan bangkrut. Sehingga, indeks gini atau ketimpangan ekonomi di Indonesia meningkat pada 2020. Data lain mengungkap angka kemiskinan Indonesia meningkat pada 2020 menjadi 10,19% dibandingkan daripada tahun-tahun sebelumnya yang menunjukan angka di bawah dua digit. Selain itu, beberapa polemik juga muncul dalam penyaluran bantuan sosial saat pandemi seperti pendataan, sasaran bantuan, bahkan korupsi. Meski demikian, gerakan-gerakan aktivisme sosial untuk saling membantu rakyat dan dari rakyat juga bermunculan saat pandemi. Jalur daring dan aplikasi perangkat lunak adalah beberapa piranti yang digunakan untuk menjaring bantuan untuk sesama. Aktivisme sosial dapat dikolaborasikan untuk meningkatkan akuntabilitas bantuan sosial pemerintah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi pasca pandemi. Sebab, aktivisme sosial yang bermula dari gerakan untuk membantu diri (self-help) memiliki kecenderungan untuk lebih tangguh dalam menjamin akuntabilitas, mengurangi manipulasi politik, menghimpun dan menyalurkan bantuan daripada lembaga bentukan pemerintah terutama pada saat pandemi di Negara berkembang (Haberer et al., 2021). Aktivisme sosial dapat menjadi kolaborator dalam demokrasi deliberatif saat pandemic.
On Valery Podoroga: Reflecting on the years of our friendship…
Authors: Buck-Morss Susan
Published: November 2021

This essay remembers Valery Podoroga, whom I knew during the years of transition from Soviet to post-Soviet Russia. The details of our fortuitous meeting in Moscow in 1987 are chronicled in my book, Dreamworld and Catastrophe (2000), when we shared an interest in the early cinema of Eisenstein and Vertov, and a conviction that sensory experience — aesthetics in the general sense of the word — was the entryway to philosophizing. Podoroga translated these techniques of image-perception into a totally original, philosophical way of reading literature. Mimesis, his major work, contains reflections on the novels of Gogol, Dostoyevsky, Platonov, and others, analysing the sensory quality of these texts in order to feel bodily the transitory worlds that they created. Podoroga reads Platonov as embodying the rapid industrialization and agricultural collectivisation of high-Stalinism, a mimetic response that leads to the “de-anthropologisation” of experience. Mimesis describes how the bursting of literary forms culminates in the revolutionary consciousness of the avant-garde. Podoroga’s relation to Marx, who was a monumental figure in his childhood, differed from that of his predecessors (Lukacs, Lifschitz and others), and had affinities to Derrida’s reading of Marx’s “ghosts”. He considered the new, “glamorous” Marxism of the younger generation (editors of Stasis) as quite comfortably bourgeois and cautions that the equality of socialism was an equality of poverty. Podoroga valued the individual as the only possible philosophical subject. His idea of freedom was as an inner experience, which he himself attained in the last Soviet years when the archives of Western books opened to him and a “feast of knowledge” was made available. This private, inner freedom of reading and thinking was for him a kind of utopia. Yet this exercise of freedom was a strictly individual pursuit. Reflecting on the years of our friendship, 1987–2016, I ask whether the phenomenological experience of freedom would not, rather, require public acts of resistance.
Unknown Parabolas
Authors: Flatley Jonathan
Published: November 2021

This essay describes the powerful effects of my encounter with Valery Podoroga, emphasizing not only Podoroga’s interest in mimesis, but also his own capacity for mimetic openness. It begins autobiographically, recounting Podoroga’s lecture on Andrei Platonov’s “Eunuch of the Soul” at a conference at Duke University in 1990.  I discuss Podoroga’s description of the “unknown parabolas” that characterize the experience of reading Platonov.  In this understanding, reading pulls us through a parabola away from and then back to ourselves according to a path created by the form of the text itself. Hearing Podoroga speak that day alerted me to a shared interest in the affective power of reading, but it also described my own experience of hearing Podoroga: I was taken out of myself and returned through an “unknown parabola” to a different self, set on a new trajectory, one that happily brought me into the orbit of his sector at the Institute of Philosophy in Moscow.  
The second half of the essay shifts to a consideration of Podoroga’s reading of Varlam Shalamov (who Podoroga turns to in his remarkable book about the Gulag and Auschwitz, The Time After (Время после. Освенцим и ГУЛАГ: мыслить абсолютное зло).  For Shalamov (what Podoroga calls) “catastrophic space” produces a specific, somewhat surprising desire to be like trees. The life and death of trees become reference points, a way of being that brings Shalamov into another world, an alternative to the camps. In writing about this desire to be like trees after the fact, Shalamov gives readers a figure for apprehending the weird, inapprehensible, catastrophic space of the camps. In his persistent fascination with tree existence, Shalamov takes his place in a long arboreal counter-tradition preoccupied with being or becoming like trees. This relation to trees is not interested in categorizing or mastery. Instead, it is animistic, an imaginative mimetic understanding traveling along the paths of similarity and which, even in its apparent impossibility, itself creates unknown parabolas for him and for us.
Digitalisierungsinduzierte Interessenkonflikte als Herausforderung für Staat und Gesellschaft. Ein Problemaufriss am Beispiel der Anforderungen von Datenschützern, Sicherheitsbehörden und Datenwirtschaft an den Einsatz elektronischer Kryptographie
Authors: Winkel Olaf
Published: November 2021

Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags stehen die Anforderungen, die Datenschützer, Sicherheitspolitiker und Vertreter der Datenwirtschaft an den Einsatz von elektronischer Kryptographie richten. Elektronische Kryptographie kann digitales Signieren, den Schutz vertraulicher Inhalte und anonyme Kommunikation im Internet gleichermaßen unterstützen. Die Aufarbeitung und Kontextualisierung dieser Anforderungen deckt nicht nur erhebliche Interessenkollisionen auf, sondern liefert auch Hinweise auf Ausgleichsmöglichkeiten der divergierenden Positionen. Vieles spricht dafür, eine unabhängige neue Behörde zu schaffen, die für die Bearbeitung der im Kontext von informationstechnischen Innovationen auftretenden Sicherheitsprobleme zuständig ist und in der die Bearbeitung der Sicherheitsprobleme weniger als ingenieurtechnische denn als sozialtechnische Herausforderung verstanden wird. Dabei resultiert die Relevanz des Beitrags nicht allein daraus, dass darin ein zunehmend bedeutsames und dennoch bislang weitgehend unterbelichtetes Handlungsfeld ausgeleuchtet wird. Hinzu kommt, dass die darin aufgeworfenen Fragen auf das Metaproblem eines digitalisierungsinduzierten Anwachsens schwer handhabbarer Interessenkonflikte verweisen, die sich ohne Innovationen zur Erhöhung der gesellschaftlichen Problembearbeitungsfähigkeit kaum adäquat bearbeiten lassen
Der unendliche Wandel wissenschaftlicher Personalkategorien zwischen Promotion und Lebenszeitprofessur. Eine Untersuchung zur Eingliederung der Tenure-Track-Professur in die institutionalisierten Strukturen an der Universität / The never-ending change of academic job categories between doctoral degree and lifetime professorship. A study on the implementation of the tenure-track professorship at German universities
Authors: Weißenborn Leonie
Published: November 2021

Das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) hat die Karrierephase nach der Promotion bis zur Berufung auf eine Lebenszeitprofessur in der Vergangenheit wiederholt umgestaltet. Der Beitrag widmet sich dem derzeitigen Implementationsprozess der Tenure-Track-Professur von der politischen Intention von Bund und Ländern bis zur institutionellen Verankerung an den Universitäten. Anhand einer explorativen Fallstudie werden Hypothesen darüber gewonnen, wie Universitäten diese neue Personalkategorie in ihre institutionalisierten Strukturen eingliedern. Dazu wurden die Profilpapiere für die Berufung von Tenure-Track-Professor*innen analysiert und Expert*inneninterviews mit Dekan*innen zur Gestaltung der neuen Personalkategorie an ihren Fakultäten geführt. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass die Tenure-Track-Professur vornehmlich in aktuellen Forschungsgebieten und abseits des profilbildenden Kerns der Fächer implementiert wird. Eine Folge könnte sein, dass die Tenure-Track-Professur für Randständiges in den Forschungs- und Lehrprofilen reserviert wird. Damit scheint ihre Etablierung als gleichwertiger Karriereweg auf die Lebenszeitprofessur zweifelhaft.
Face Mask Recognition Using MobileNetV2
Authors: Patel Vatsal , Patel Dhruti
Published: November 2021

The pandemic of Corona Virus Disease is generating a public health emergency. Wearing a mask is one of the most efficient ways to combat the infection. This paper presents the detection of face masks, through mitigating, evaluating, preventing, and preparing actions regarding COVID-19. In this work, face mask identification is achieved using Machine Learning technique and the Image Classification algorithms are MobileNetV2 with major changes which includes Label Binarizer, ImageNet, and Binary Cross-Entropy. The methods involved in building the model are collecting the data, pre-processing, image generation, model construction, compilation, and finally testing. The proposed method can recognize people with and without masks. The training accuracy of the proposed method is 98.5% and the testing accuracy is 99%. This model is implemented in an image or video stream to detect faces with mask.
Content and Technology Based Pedagogy of Enriching Knowledge and Thinking Skills among Engineering Graduates
Authors: Naveen H. M.
Published: November 2021

TPACK framework becomes an effective way to consider how teaches could incorporate educational technology into the classroom. It can also provide as a measurement for instructor knowledge, potentially impacting both training and professional development for teachers. This framework is helpful for the ways in which it explains the types of knowledge a teacher must need in order to integrate technology successful in the classroom.
Hybrid Data Warehouse Development Method
Authors: Kavishwar Pooja D. , Pande Dr. S. R.
Published: November 2021

Building a data warehouse is a new discipline and has no concrete strategy for its development process. Currently there are three development approaches for building a data warehouse: Data driven. Goal-driven and User-driven. These development approaches are compared on the basis of certain parameters and by this comparison a new Hybrid multidimensional development methodology has been evolved. This Hybrid multi-dimensional Data model is a combination of Data driven methodology with Business driven which is Goal- driven methodology. We have stated in this paper that this model starts by collecting Business requirements and deriving Fact and Dimension tables along with its multiple constraints which defines their relations. After which a logical structure of the model can be built. Which in turn could be developed into a physical model and can be populated by data for Mining and Analysing. This new multidimensional model can be compared on the same parameters which were used to compare the stated three methodologies and thus we can come up with enhanced features.
Meaningful Translation and Transliteration for Marathi Language
Authors: Shinde Mahendra Prabhakar
Published: November 2021

Meaningful translation and transliteration is NP problem in case of languages like Marathi language as there are so many word disambiguation and multiple use and meaning of single word in different context is available. That is why identifying correct informational need and translating text into meaningful information is a tedious and error prone task. Google translate works on machine neuron network and WorldNet is an online reference system works on psycholinguistic theory of human memory. Both approaches are promising tools for language translation. Complete translation of Marathi text to English or English to Marathi also having problem of more complicated meaningless or tedious translation. Proposed algorithm is taking into consideration meaningful translation or transliteration as per user’s informational need. This novel approach consider machine neuron network for meaningful formation of translated sentence and morphological structure for correct translation of word based on ontological analysis of word.
A Secured Framework for E-Commerce in Cloud Computing Environment : A Literature Review
Authors: Shakir Hadeel Mushtaq , Hussain Dr. Syed Zeeshan
Published: November 2021

Our understanding of the importance of cloud computing-based electronic commerce in the digital world involves researching and looking for the most important issues faced by electronic commerce and security threats, and user information protection, and as a result, an e-commerce application framework can be proposed which may be based on the concepts, the origins, and development trend of cloud computing which copes with the problem of e-commerce and the storage of resources. As it is on record that cloud computing is widely known for its robust and strong support for data storage and mining. It also offers a most reliable platform for safe, secure, and speedy data transactions at a very manageable cost and a high level of privacy.
Therefore, this paper has examined, analyzed, and discussed the current state of e-commerce and also, we provide much literature that has researched the security problems e-commerce faces in a cloud computing environment and some of them suggested some e-commerce security solutions.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network Based Extreme Learning Machine Image Classification
Authors: Praveenkumar G. D. , Nagaraj Dr. R.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new deep convolutional neural network based extreme learning machine model for the classification task in order to improve the network's performance. The proposed model has two stages: first, the input images are fed into a convolutional neural network layer to extract deep-learned attributes, and then the input is classified using an ELM classifier. The proposed model achieves good recognition accuracy while reducing computational time on both the MNIST and CIFAR-10 benchmark datasets.
Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease on Different Parameters Using Machine Learning
Authors: Patil Manoj  D. , Mathur Dr. Harsh
Published: November 2021

The most common serious diseases affecting human health are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Early diagnosis can prevent or mitigate CVDs, which can reduce the rate of death. It's a promising approach to identify risk factors using machine learning models. We wish to propose a model with different methods to effectively predict heart disease. We have employed effective data collection, data pre-processing and data transformation methods for the precise information of our training model to make our proposed model a success. A combined dataset has been used (Cleveland, Long Beach VA, Switzerland, Hungarian and Stat log). The appropriate function is selected using AASSO (Advanced Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator techniques) and AASSO techniques. Appropriate features are selected. New hybrids are developed with integration of the traditional bagging and boosting methods, such as Decision Tree Bagger Method (DTBM), the Random Forest Bagging Method (RFBM), the K-Nearest Neighbour Bagging method (KNNBM), the AdaBoost Boosting Method (ABBM), and the GBBM. Our machine learning algorithms, along with Negative Predictive Value (NGR, false positive rates), and false negative flow rates, also were implemented to calculate accuracy of our model, sensitivity (SEN), error rate, accuracy of the model (FRE) and the F1 score (F1) (FNR). The results are shown for comparisons separately. Based on the result analysis, our proposed model produced the highest precision, Accuracy using RFBM and relief selection methods (99.05 percent).
An Accumulator using Electron Tunneling Through Tunnel Junction
Authors: Biswas Dr. Anup Kumar
Published: November 2021

Instead of an existing logical Technology, by using an emerging technology we will be able to make an electronic circuit with high speed, low cost, high concentration density, light in weight, reduced gate numbers and low power consumption. This technology is based on the linear threshold logic condition and electron-tunneling event. At the time of implementing a circuit, a multi-inputs but one-output based logic-node will be brought in our consideration. In this work, we have designed a 1-bit accumulator and then implemented it. To develop an accumulator, some small components like 2-input AND, 3-input AND, 3-input OR, 8-input OR, 9-input OR gate and above all a JK Flip-flop (for 1-bit) are to be collected and connected them in logical order to obtain the proper circuit. After verifying all their characteristics with the results obtained from the simulator, we have built a 1-bit accumulator. All the small components are provided in due places. They are analyzed, detected their threshold logic equations, shown their threshold logic gates (TLGs), tabulated their truth tables, drawn their input-output waveforms, given their respective circuits with exact parameter values. In the accumulator, there are nine control variables S1 through S9 in view of performing the operations (i) Addition, (ii) clear, (iii) complement, (iv) AND, (v) OR, (vi) XOR, (vii) Right-shift, (viii) Left-shift and (ix) increment with positive triggering clock pulses. Whether our present work’s circuits are faster or slower with respect to the similar circuits of CMOS based- and Single electron transistor (SET) based circuits are compared and observed that our TLG based circuits are faster than the CMOS and SET based circuits. The power consumed for tunneling event for a circuit is measured and sensed that it would remain in the range of 10meV to 250meV which is low. All the circuits we have presented in this work are of ‘generic multiple input threshold logic gate’ which is elaborately discussed.
The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment Human Capital and Community Welfare
Authors: Khairunnisa Ifqi , Hartojo Sri , Purnamadewi Yeti Lis
Published: November 2021

National development goals are not merely to create growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and high per capita income. But more than that, it expected to alleviate poverty levels and income inequality in every class of society. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) one of the most important investment to accelerate economic growth. The advantages of FDI inflow for host country are: capital accumulation; job creation; transfer of technology and management; and access to international market networks. This study aims to determine the relationship between FDI, economic growth, human capital, and community welfare. The quantitative analysis method in this study uses a simultaneous equation system model with six structural equations: domestic investment, economic growth, public consumption, education, health, unemployment and poverty. In addition, there are 3 identity equations: investment equation, the labour force, and economic growth. All data is a combination of cross-sectional and time-series data. The cross-section data used are 33 provinces in Indonesia and the time series data for the period 2010 to 2019.
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Entrepreneurship Development in Jiangsu Province - China
Authors: Menyah Michael Verner , Zhuang Jincai , Sappor Evelyn , Akrashei Rejoice
Published: November 2021

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has served as a huge promoter of growth for many economies over the years, playing the role of supplementary income source for economies. The trend being identified now, however is that FDIs do come with adverse effect for host economies with one of the sector feeling the impact of the adverse impact being the local entrepreneurship.
This study therefore measured the severity of the adverse effect of FDIs on the economy of China whiles also evaluating the contribution of FDIs to the overall economy using Sequential Explanatory Design (SED). Using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS), the researchers conducted statistical analysis like t-test, Correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis, R-Square, F-statistics and Variance Inflator Factors (VIF).
The findings of the study revealed that FDIs indeed have both positive and negative implications for the Chinese economy. The positive effects come in the form of inspiring innovation and infrastructural development, influx of investment capital and the liberalization of the economy form monopolies and unfair trading
The negative effect came in the form of stifling domestic entrepreneurship development as the foreign firms compete with local entrepreneurs for market, expertise, labor, capital and space for operation
Analysis of the Impact of Exports and Investment on Indonesian Economic Growth
Authors: Leonard Alfred , Novianti Tanti , Mulatsih Sri
Published: November 2021

The average share of net exports to Indonesia's economic growth was only 1.01% in the last 30 years. The contribution and important role of manufacturing industry exports in total national exports ranged from 73.62 – 80.91% with an average of 78.30% in the last 10 years (2010 – 2020). This study aims to analyze the impact of manufacturing industry exports and investment on economic growth through the export-led growth hypothesis. The results show that there is a long-term relationship between foreign investment, domestic investment, employment, and manufacturing industry exports to GDP. Domestic investment and manufacturing exports have a positive effect on GDP, on the other hand, foreign investment and employment have a negative effect. An indication of the negative influence of FDI in Indonesia is due to the low rate of economic return. In addition, the negative effect of labor absorption is indicated by the unavailability of adequate employment opportunities.
An Investigation of Cognizance and Approval of Green Advertising by Adolescents in Lucknow City
Authors: Tripathi Dr. Shikha
Published: November 2021

Today the major concern in the world is the environment. Corporate and government is trying to create awareness about the green environment among young consumers by using various tools. One of the important tools used to create awareness about the green environment is green advertising. The study is conducted with two objectives. The first objective of the study is to explore the awareness about green advertising among young consumers of Lucknow city and the second objective is to analyze the impact of green advertising on the behavior of young consumers in Lucknow city. The literature was collected using different databases such as EBSCO and Jstor. The sample size determined for the study is 384 respondents using the formula of an infinite population. Only 223 responses were received out of the targeted sample size of 384 respondents. The primary data collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled using convenience sampling. The statistical tool used for the analysis is descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. The results indicate that young consumers are aware of the green advertising in Lucknow city and green advertising has a significant impact on the behavior of young consumers of Lucknow City.
Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep Quality in Students
Authors: Tiwari Pragya , Trivedi Minal , Kesarwani Apeksha , Gopale Ojaswi
Published: November 2021

A periodic state of rest accompanied by varying degrees of unconsciousness and relative inactivity is referred as sleep; in another way is a state in which an individual lacks conscious awareness of environment surroundings. Quality sleep and getting enough of it at the right times is as essential for survival just as food and water. Without sleep our brain can’t learn and create new memories, making it harder to concentrate and respond quickly. The Novel Coronavirus (also known as COVID-19) ushered the world into uncharted waters. In India, strict lockdown was imposed in three phases from March to June 2020 for the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic. At this juncture, we attempted to assess how derailment of social life due to imposed social isolation, leading to compromised sleep in the present scenario affects circadian driven sleep-wake pattern and other lifestyle related behaviour. A brief survey on affected sleep pattern of people during corona pandemic was conducted to understand the possible alterations in sleep-wake schedules and the daily routine related activities such as exposure time to digital media (i.e., TV, laptop/computer/mobile, etc.) as a consequence of lockdown.
Community Training and Sensitization as a Flood Mitigation Strategy Influencing Household Livelihood in NyandoFlood Plains, Kisumu County
Authors: Moraa Ombati Susan , Nyonje Raphael , Kyalo Dorothy Ndunge
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence community participation in training and sensitization on household livelihood in Kano Plains in Nyando Sub-County, Kisumu County. The study adopted descriptive survey design and targeted household heads in Nyando plains, village elders and chiefs of the locations under study, local government authority representatives, District Disaster management officer representative in Nyando and the NGOs. A sample size of 385 was sufficient for a target population of 11,050. Multistage sampling was used to sample locations and sub locations while proportional sampling was used to sample the number of selected household where the households were grouped into different classifications. The sample size was 370 household heads plus 15 officers were working in Nyando flood plains. Purposive sampling was used to identify the 4 village elders and 4 chiefs, 1 Sub-County Local Authority Management Officer who represented the government, 1 Disaster Management Officer, and 5 managers from the NGOs. Questionnaires for household heads and interview schedules key informants were used for primary data collection. The study found that majority of the households had never attended training and sensitization programmes concerning floods with 42.1% and that the training and sensitization received was not of high quality (60.6%).The study found a strong positive correlation R = 0.582 which was statistically significant as p<0.01 (p < 0.001) between community participation in training and sensitization and household livelihood and that community participation in training and sensitization accounts up to 33.8% (R2 = .338) of variance in the outcome. The study concluded that community participation in training and sensitization influenced household livelihood. However, trainings and sensitization programmes were not regularly done due to financial constraints to facilitate the trainings.The study recommends that more training and sensitization should be conducted to the communities in flood prone areas on how to mitigate floods to ensure improvement of their household livelihood.
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Number of Foreign Tourists to Indonesia
Authors: H Siti Riska Ulfah , Anggraeni Lukytawati , Firdaus Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Indonesia's tourism potential can be used as the main driver of the Indonesian economy. This study aims to analyze the performance of the Indonesian tourism sector and analyze the factors that influence the number of foreign tourist visits to Indonesia. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative analysis method and static panel model analysis. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, including annual time series data for five years, from 2010 to 2014. It also includes cross-section data from nine countries that are the main visitors to the Indonesian tourism sector, namely Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, China, Japan, South Korea, Philippines, UK, and the USA. The development and growth of the performance of the Indonesian tourism sector increased in the period 2010 to 2014. The number of foreign tourist arrivals to Indonesia is influenced by the variables of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of the country of origin, economic distance, relative prices, and security dummy which have a significant effect on the number of foreign tourist visits to Indonesia, while the exchange rate and dummy travel warning variables have no significant effect. Therefore, the government needs to maintain the stability of the exchange rate and inflation rate as well as the coordination of related parties and institutions in maintaining political, economic, social stability and increasing the promotion of Indonesian tourism to foreign countries.
Machine Learning Techniques for Malware Detection
Authors: K Harsha A , A Thyagaraja Murthy
Published: November 2021

The introduction of Transport Layer Security has been one of the most important contributors to the privacy and security of internet communications during the last decade. Malware authors have followed suit, using TLS to hide potentially dangerous network connections. Because of the growing use of encryption and other evasion measures, traditional content-based network traffic categorization is becoming more challenging. In this paper, we provide a malware classification technique that uses packet information and machine learning algorithms to detect malware. We employ the use of classification algorithms such as support vector machine and random forest. We start by eliminating characteristics that are highly correlated. We utilized the Random Forest method to choose only the 10 best characteristics from all the remaining features after eliminating the unnecessary ones. Following the feature selection phase, we employ several classification algorithms and evaluate their performance. Random forest algorithm performed exceptionally well in our experiments resulting in an accuracy score of over 0.99.
Physico-Chemical Properties and Quantum Chemical Calculation of 2-methoxy-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl) phenol (EUGENOL)
Authors: Gupta Dr. Raksha
Published: November 2021

Physico-chemical properties plays an important role in determining toxicity of a material hence were calculated using acdlab/chemsketch and the data predicted is generated using ACD/Labs Percepta Platform - PhysChem Module. Gaussian 09, RevisionA.01, software package was used for the theoretical quantum chemical calculations of 2-methoxy-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl) phenol commonly called Eugenol. DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) basis was used to perform geometric optimization and vibrational frequency determination of the molecule. The statistical thermochemical calculations of the molecule were done at DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) basis set to calculate the standard thermodynamic functions: heat capacity (CV), entropy (S) and Enthalpy (E). DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) basis set was used to calculate the various NLO properties like dipole moment (µ), mean linear polarizability (α), anisotropic polarizability (Δα), first order hyperpolarizability (β), second order hyperpolarizability (γ) in terms of x, y, z components for Eugenol (2-methoxy-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl) phenol. Same basis set was used to carry out Mulliken population analysis. UV-Visible absorption spectra, ECD spectra, electronic transitions, vertical excitation energies and oscillator strengths of Eugenol (2-methoxy-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl) phenol) were computed by Time Dependent DFT (TD-DFT) method using the same basis set. FMO analysis, Molecular electrostatic potential study was also done using the same basis set.
Embryologist's Job in Assisted Reproductive Technologies and in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Harsimrat Kaur  , Ram Dayal  , Kamla Singh
Published: November 2021

What exactly does an embryologist do? is one of the most common question asked by patients and the possible answer could be that embryologist is the child’s first watchperson. The ability to grow embryos in laboratory environment was a huge scientific achievement. Scientists and Embryologists are involved in reproductive research and fertility treatment. The embryologist has a huge role to play in IVF/ICSI process and the contribution of embryologist is no less than infertility consultant. They might not be doctors, but they are highly trained medical professionals, holding a master’s degree or Ph.D. due to specialized nature of work. They are responsible for management and maintenance of laboratory used in creating embryos as well as monitoring those embryos. The important activities that embryologist does are maintaining the embryology lab (temperature, humidity, CO2 cylinder, diffusion gas and pH), oocyte screening during ovum pickup (OPU), incubation and checking of fertilization, embryo transfer, vitrification and embryo biopsy for pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) or pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).
Analysis of River Benue Discharge at Jimeta Bridge
Authors: Tijjani Ahmed Abali  , Nehemiah Japheth Kalang  , Simon Lee
Published: November 2021

Water is a sustaining element which is vital for all living being ,the discharge is a major concept in hydrography that presents information on the availability of water for human use and resource management. The aim of the research is to analyze the volume of discharge of River Benue at Jimeta with a view to provide early warning changes for flood. The primary data used were sounding, planimetric points and the velocity while the secondary data includes the discharge of previous years of 1999, 2002, and 2012 and the topographic map of the study area. The statistical analysis carried out using ANOVA to ascertain the assessment of the discharge; the result shows that there was decrease in the volume of discharge in the preceding years. The average velocity of water obtained was 1.03 m/s; it is as a result of the channel platform with 1.42% slope within the study area .In conclusion, the volume of discharge is decreasing with increase in sedimentation within the study area. Based on the findings of the research, it is recommended that there should be restoration measures such as dredging and buffer zone so as to create more space for adequate flow of water and to reduce the risk of flooding.
Evaluation of Prebiotic and Antimicrobial Properties of Natural Extracts
Authors: Ms. Naina Bhanjer  , Ms. Prachi Bhatia  , Dr. Sejal Rathod
Published: November 2021

Prebiotics are compounds in food that induce growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms & are beneficial for host health. The most common example is in the gastrointestinal tract, where prebiotics alter composition of organisms in the gut microbiome. Prebiotics are the non-digestible fibers or carbohydrates that gut bacteria can digest, and prebiotics adds nutritional value & help healthy bacteria grow. Prebiotics are associated with Probiotic, microbes which keep intestine healthy and enhance immune system by fighting with harmful bacteria. This study centers on evaluation of prebiotic properties for natural, aqueous extracts of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller), Kokum dried (Garcinia indica), and Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) by stimulation of growth, of probiotic organism Lactobacillus casei isolated on Sterile Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar and was measured colorimetrically at 545 nm. Antimicrobial and biopreservative study were also performed of these extracts. Hence to evaluate the variable properties of being used in cancer treatment, cosmetics, food industry, etc. Presence of Vitamin C in these plants by DCPIP method broadens the idea of Prebiotics applications, like better immune health and wound healing. Probiotic organism is also used in horticulture, in this study it resulted in enhancing the process of germination, Lactobacillus casei of 108cfu/ml was incorporated in soil to enhance germination of fenugreek seed and kokum extract as a prebiotic source. Additionally, an online survey with Questionnaire methodology was conducted on Awareness and usage about prebiotic and probiotics by online platform and results were analyzed by graphical and statistical method.
A Forensic Approach on Data Retrieval from IC/eMMC of Damaged Windows Mobile Phone using Easy JTagPlus Box tool and Magnet Forensic Axiom
Authors: Bhushan Ghode  , Akhlesh Kumar  , Khevna Maniar  , Dr. S. K. Jain
Published: November 2021

The digital world is dominated and ruled by the IOS and Android operating systems on mobile as well as tablet platforms. Together they share a whopping 99% (till 2021) of the share market. The Windows Phones (WP) are occupants of that less than 1% platform that they share with other subsidiary operating systems. Due to the lack of commercial popularity and production of such Windows devices, the process of data extraction and analysis of such devices is unique and challenging for forensic experts. The standard forensic data retrieving software and hardware do not support advanced requisition techniques except the direct extraction. Thus, in cases with locked WP devices, the software/ hardware is unable to support the device’s physical extraction or lock bypass facility. As observed in several digital cases, these portable devices contain details of an individual’s most private life including communications, contacts, browsing history, and location specifics at any given time. Although the operating systems of Microsoft and Windows mobile devices are similar in certain ways, specialized skill sets and tools are required while dealing with location, examination, and interpretation of the digital evidence on these systems. In this research paper, the authors are discussing the reliability and success of data extraction of a Windows mobile device from IC/eMMC using specialized hardware/software with the Windows device.
Assessment of Mycoremediation Potential of Fusarium Spp. On Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Western India
Authors: Ms. Sonam Gupta  , Ms. Sera Fernandes  , Ms. Hajra Gupta  , Dr. Sejal Rathod
Published: November 2021

Motor or engine oil is a lubricant for engines containing majorly of base oils; these base oils include petrol-based hydrocarbons. Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination is one of the major environmental problems resulting from its large scale uses in transportation, industrial and other sectors. Accidental release and workshop seepage of petroleum products are the key concern of the environment. Fresh engine oil contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Used engine oil also leads to further generation of PAHs. As an attempt to clean up such hydrocarbons, bioremediation or biodegradation methods are adapted. Bioremediation is a cost effective and eco-friendly treatment for oil contaminated materials by the use of micro-organisms. The present study is an attempt to isolate and find out hydrocarbon degrading fungi from oil and petroleum contaminated regions. Biodegradation potential of soil mycobiota isolated from automobile mechanic workshop in Virar on engine oil was investigated using standard methods. The most capable oil degrading fungi was identified morphologically by wet mount technique as Fusarium sp. The biodegradation of hydrocarbons and oil was determined by using 2,6 Dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) assay and gravimetric analysis. The quantitative estimation of engine oil degradation showed rate of degradation as 87% and 89%. This study confirms that isolated Fusarium sp. has the potential exploited in the bio-treatment and removal of hydrocarbons from the polluted soil. Results were recorded in the form of biodegradation percentage of hydrocarbon. The present study and their results can give unique future prospects in the field of bioremediation and biodegradation of petroleum contaminated soil.
Assessment of Organ and Effective Doses Received by Paediatric Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Examinations in Three Hospitals in Brazzaville, Congo Republic: An Urgent Necessity for Regulatory Control
Authors: J. Bazoma  , G. B. Dallou  , P. Ondo Meye  , C. Bouka Biona  , Saïdou  , G. H. Ben-Bolie
Published: November 2021

The present study aimed at estimating organ and effective doses from computed tomography (CT) scans of paediatric patients in three hospitals in Brazzaville, Congo Republic. A total of 136 data on paediatric patients, from 0.25 (3 months) to 15 years old, who underwent head, chest, abdomen – pelvis (AP) and chest – abdomen – pelvis (CAP) CT scans was considered.
The approach followed in the present study to compute organ doses was to use pre-calculated volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) – and 100 milliampere-second (mAs) – normalized organ doses determined by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Effective dose were then derived using the international commission on radiological protection (ICRP) publications 60 and 103 formalism. For comparison purposes, effective dose were also computed using dose-length product (DLP) – to – effective dose conversion factors. A relatively high variation in organ and effective doses was observed in each age group due to the dependence of patient dose on the practice of technicians who perform the CT scan within the same facility or from one facility to another, patient size and lack of adequate training of technicians. In the particular case of head scan, the brain and the eye lens were delivered maximum absorbed doses of 991.81 mGy and 1176.51 mGy, respectively (age group 10-15 y). The maximum absorbed dose determined for the red bone marrow was 246.08 mGy (age group 1-5 y). This is of concern as leukaemia and brain tumours are the most common childhood cancers and as the ICRP recommended absorbed dose threshold for induction of cataract is largely exceeded. Effective doses derived from MC calculations and ICRP publications 60 and 103 tissues weighting factors showed a 0.40-17.61 % difference while the difference between effective doses derived by the use of k- factors and those obtained by MC calculations ranges from 0.06 to 224.87 %. The study has shown that urgent steps should be taken in order to significantly reduce doses to paediatric patients to levels observed in countries where dose reduction techniques are successfully applied.