bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Becoming “Fellow-Servants”: Slavery, Theft, and Improper Fellowship in the Nineteenth-Century South
Authors: Batra Ajay Kumar
Published: October 2024

This article examines the role of theft as a catalyst of communal cohesion and a practice of citizenship in the everyday lives of enslaved African Americans. Historical scholars of Atlantic slavery largely have portrayed theft as a strategic adaptation that enslaved subjects made in order to survive the material deprivation and other brutal constraints of enslavement. In dialogue with this scholarship, this article proposes a different view of theft as a method not simply of surviving on unfavorable terms but of redefining the art of living. In particular, it suggests that collective practices of theft opened space for the enslaved to forge reciprocal social and economic relationships that diverged radically from normative customs related to subsistence, creating a state of affairs in which their survival would depend upon their ability not to endure racialized exploitation as human property, but, rather, to tend to each other’s basic needs as associates, neighbors, and friends. Through analysis of an empirical case grounded in nineteenth-century Louisiana, this article ultimately develops the concept of improper fellowship to describe the bonds of communal reciprocity that theft could encompass, bonds that prefigured alternatives to dominant, liberal ideals of freedom and models of citizenship founded in the sanctity of property.
Market Nation: Forging Economic Citizenship in Nineteenth-Century African America
Authors: Santamarina Xiomara
Published: October 2024

This essay engages with the civic possibilities African Americans perceived in the social, economic, and political transformations associated with the antebellum market revolution. Against the emerging nineteenth-century hegemony of political and economic liberalism, African Americans formulated an ideal of economic citizenship that translated Black material successes and social mobility into an extra-legal symbolic citizenship; in particular, class stratification among African Americans was mobilized to counter the presumption of immutable, ontological Black abjection that justified ascriptive Jacksonian civic exclusions. The essay engages with two proto-sociological texts designed to challenge these exclusions by depicting stratified African American communities that testified to African Americans’ market participation in and contributions to the nation. As insiders of their respective groups, authors Joseph Willson—Sketches of the Higher Classes of Colored Society in Philadelphia (1841)—and Cyprian Clamorgan—The Colored Aristocracy of St. Louis (1858)—innovate a vernacular sociology that cobbles together political economy, proto-social science, reform and literary discourses to fashion empirical, reparative accounts of their better-off African American communities. Engaging with these texts allows us to understand the role that regional specificity played in formulating race, class, and status across an expanding nation, but more importantly, it makes us aware of the perils and ambiguities involved in making African Americans’ participation in the liberal marketplace, or economic citizenship, the basis of African American civic legitimacy.
Settler Militarism
Authors: Nebolon Juliet
Published: October 2024

Under martial law during World War II, Hawai‘i was located at the intersection of home front and war front. In Settler Militarism, Juliet Nebolon shows how settler colonialism and militarization simultaneously perpetuated, legitimated, and concealed one another in wartime Hawai‘i for the purposes of empire building in Asia and the Pacific Islands. She demonstrates how settler militarism operated through a regime of racial liberal biopolitics that purported to protect all people in Hawai‘i, even as it intensified the racial and colonial differentiation of Kanaka Maoli, Asian settlers, and white settlers. Nebolon identifies settler militarism’s inherent contradiction: It depends on life, labor, and land to reproduce itself, yet it avariciously consumes, via violent and extractive projects, those same lives and natural resources that it needs to subsist. From vaccination and blood bank programs to the administration of internment and prisoner-of-war camps, Nebolon reveals how settler militarism and racial liberal biopolitics operated together in the service of capitalism. Collectively, the social reproduction of these regimes created the conditions for the late-twentieth-century expansion of US military empire.
The Validity and Usability of Markerless Motion Capture and Inertial Measurement Units for Quantifying Dynamic Movements
Authors: EDWARDS NATHAN A. , CACCESE JACLYN B. , TRACY RYAN E. , HAGEN JOSHUA , QUATMAN-YATES CATHERINE C. , OñATE JAMES
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Motion capture technology is quickly evolving, providing researchers, clinicians, and coaches with more access to biomechanics data. Markerless motion capture and inertial measurement units (IMUs) are continually developing biomechanics tools that need validation for dynamic movements before widespread use in applied settings. This study evaluated the validity of a markerless motion capture, IMU, and red, green, blue, and depth (RGBD) camera system as compared with marker-based motion capture during countermovement jumps, overhead squats, lunges, and runs with cuts.

Methods

Thirty adults were recruited for this study (sex: 18 females, 12 males; age: 25.4 ± 8.6 yrs; height: 1.71 ± 0.08 m; weight: 71.6 ± 11.5 kg). Data were collected simultaneously with four motion capture technologies (i.e., Vicon, marker-based; Theia/Optitrack, markerless; APDM Opals, IMUs; and Vald HumanTrak, RGBD camera). System validity for lower and upper body joint angles was evaluated using bias, root mean squared error (RMSE), precision, maximum absolute error, and intraclass correlation coefficients. System usability was descriptively analyzed.

Results

Overall, markerless motion capture had the highest validity (sagittal plane RMSE: 3.20°–15.66°; frontal plane RMSE: 2.12°–9.14°; transverse plane RMSE: 3.160°–56.61°), followed by the IMU system (sagittal plane RMSE: 8.11°–28.37°; frontal plane RMSE: 3.26°–16.98°; transverse plane RMSE: 5.08°–116.75°), and lastly the RGBD system (sagittal plane bias: 0.55°–129.48°; frontal plane bias: 1.35°–52.06°).

Conclusions

Markerless motion capture and IMUs have moderate validity for joint kinematics, whereas the RGBD system did not have adequate validity. Markerless systems have lower data processing time, require moderate technical expertise, but have high data storage size. IMUs are easier to use, can collect data in any location, but require participant set-up. Overall, individuals using motion capture should consider the specific movements, testing locations, and technical expertise available before selecting a system.
Η συμμετοχική παρουσία τρίτων στους δημόσιους διαγωνισμούς
Authors: Σειραδάκης Μιχαήλ
Published: October 2024

Η διατριβή παρουσιάζει εκτενώς και με τρόπο εξαντλητικό τη διαδικασία και τις προϋποθέσεις από κοινού συμμετοχής οικονομικών φορέων στους δημόσιους διαγωνισμούς είτε εν στενή εννοία (stricto sensu) με τη μορφή ένωσης ή μέσω σύστασης κοινοπραξίας είτε εν ευρεία εννοία (lato sensu), μέσω της επίκλησης ικανοτήτων τρίτων φορέων με τη μορφή της δάνειας εμπειρίας και αντίστοιχα με την υπεργολαβική ανάθεση της εκτέλεσης μέρους της διεκδικούμενης σύμβασης. Εισαγωγικά, γίνεται σύντομη αναφορά στον ρόλο που διαδραματίζουν οι δημόσιες συμβάσεις στη σύγχρονη οικονομία και παρουσιάζονται περιληπτικά οι βασικοί πυλώνες της νομοθετικής πρωτοβουλίας που αναλαμβάνεται στους κόλπους της ΕΕ, αλλά και οι κομβικές και καινοτόμες αλλαγές που επέφερε η πρόσφατη δέσμη οδηγιών του 2014, όπως ενσωματώθηκε στο εθνικό δίκαιο. Η πρώτη ενότητα της διατριβής διαρθρώνεται σε δύο επιμέρους κεφάλαια, στα οποία αναλύονται μέσα από πλούσια νομολογιακά και πρακτικά παραδείγματα οι μορφές άμεσης από κοινούσυμμετοχής περισσοτέρων του ενός οικονομικών φορέων, με την κατάθεση ενιαίας προσφοράς (ένωση/κοινοπραξία). Αναλύονται διεξοδικά οι διατάξεις που διέπουν τις σχέσεις μεταξύ των μελών, ο τρόπος συμμετοχής στο προσυμβατικό στάδιο μιας διαδικασίας ανάθεσης και τα αναφυόμενα δικονομικά ζητήματα. Στη δεύτερη ενότητα παρουσιάζονται κατ’ αντιδιαστολή οι μορφές έμμεσης συμμετοχικής παρουσίας (δάνεια εμπειρία/υπεργολαβία). Αναπτύσσονται αναλυτικά οι ομοιότητες, οι διαφορές, αλλά και τα σημεία επικάλυψης των σχετικών διατάξεων, ενώ αναδεικνύονται οι επιμέρους όροι και οι προϋποθέσεις εφαρμογής τους, μέσα από ενδελεχή επισκόπηση της σχετικής νομολογίας για τις ειδικές περιπτώσεις εξαιρέσεων, περιορισμών και απαγορεύσεων στη δυνατότητα επίκλησής τους.
Η υποστήριξη της παραγωγής γραπτού λόγου από την εργαζόμενη μνήμη
Authors: ΝΑΚΟΥ ΕΛΙΣΑΒΕΤ , ΔΗΜΑΚΟΣ ΙΩΑΝΝΗΣ
Published: October 2024

Η παραγωγή γραπτού λόγου έχει αναγνωριστεί ως μια ιδιαιτέρως απαιτητική γνωστική διαδικασία. Η σύνθεση ιδεών και η γραπτή κωδικοποίησή τους για τη μετάδοση νοημάτων προϋποθέτει την ενεργοποίηση και τον συντονισμό πολλών διαφορετικών γνωστικών και γλωσσικών διεργασιών. Η σύνθετη διαδικασία παραγωγής γραπτού λόγου υποστηρίζεται γνωστικά από την εργαζόμενη μνήμη. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας, που αποτελεί μέρος του θεωρητικού τμήματος μιας ευρύτερης έρευνας, είναι να παρουσιάσει αρχικά τη συγγραφική διαδικασία, όπως παρουσιάζεται στο πρωτοποριακό μοντέλο των Hayes και Flower, και τη λειτουργεία της εργαζόμενης μνήμης, όπως περιγράφεται στο μοντέλο του Baddeley. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται συνοπτική αναφορά σε έρευνες που αφορούν στο συσχετισμό της εργαζόμενης μνήμης με την παραγωγή γραπτού λόγου. Οι έρευνες αποδεικνύουν την υποστήριξη διάφορων παραμέτρων της συγγραφικής διαδικασίας από την εργαζόμενη μνήμη.
Η συνεργασία της οικογένειας των μαθητών με Διαταραχή Ελλειμματικής Προσοχής/Υπερκινητικότητας και του σχολείου
Authors: ΖΑΦΕΙΡΙΑΔΗΣ ΚΥΡΙΑΚΟΣ
Published: October 2024

Ένα υψηλό ποσοστό των μαθητών  με Διαταραχή Ελλειμματικής Προσοχής/Υπερκινητικότητας (ΔΕΠΥ) αντιμετωπίζουν ακαδημαϊκά, εκπαιδευτικά και κοινωνικά προβλήματα, τα οποία υπάρχει το ενδεχόμενο να συνεχιστούν στην εφηβεία και στην ενήλικη ζωή. Η υποστήριξη της οικογένειας των μαθητών με ΔΕΠΥ, η συμμετοχή των γονέων στην εκπαίδευση του παιδιού τους, η οικοδόμηση δημιουργικών σχέσεων με το σχολείο βοηθά τους μαθητές να ανταποκριθούν καλύτερα στις σχολικές απαιτήσεις. Οι γονείς των μαθητών με ΔΕΠΥ αντιμετωπίζουν προβλήματα άγχους, η σχέση τους με τα παιδιά είναι λιγότερο ικανοποιητική σε σύγκριση με τους γονείς των άλλων μαθητών, αισθάνονται απογοήτευση, ανησυχούν για τη φοίτηση των παιδιών τους και έχουν χαμηλή αίσθηση αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας. Θεωρείται αναγκαίο να σχεδιαστούν και να υλοποιηθούν κατάλληλες παρεμβάσεις στους γονείς για τη βελτίωση της ανθεκτικότητας της οικογένειας, τη διαχείριση της καθημερινότητάς τους, προκειμένου να συνεργαστούν με το σχολείο, να συμμετέχουν αποτελεσματικά στη φοίτηση του παιδιού τους και να το υποστηρίξουν αποτελεσματικά, για να βελτιωθούν οι ακαδημαϊκές επιδόσεις και να μειωθούν τα προβλήματα συμπεριφοράς.
Η Ιδιωτική Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση στην πόλη της Κατερίνης κατά την περίοδο 1951-1979. Το παράδειγμα των Ιδιωτικών Εκπαιδευτηρίων Παπαδημητρίου
Authors: Καλλέργης Στέργιος
Published: October 2024

Η ιδιωτική Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση στην πόλη της Κατερίνης κατά την περίοδο 1951-1979 παρουσίασε σημαντική ανάπτυξη και διαφοροποίηση σε σχέση με τα δημόσια σχολεία της περιοχής. Ένα χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα αυτής της εξέλιξης είναι τα ιδιωτικά εκπαιδευτήρια Παπαδημητρίου, τα οποία έπαιξαν καθοριστικό ρόλο στην εκπαιδευτική ιστορία της πόλης. Τα ιδιωτικά εκπαιδευτήρια Παπαδημητρίου ιδρύθηκαν ως απάντηση στις ανάγκες αυτής της περιόδου για ποιοτική πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Προσέφεραν ένα διαφορετικό εκπαιδευτικό μοντέλο που εστίαζε όχι μόνο στην ακαδημαϊκή επίδοση αλλά και στην ολιστική ανάπτυξη των μαθητών. Η προσέγγισή τους περιλάμβανε μικρότερα τμήματα, εξατομικευμένη προσοχή στους μαθητές, καθώς και εξωσχολικές δραστηριότητες που προήγαγαν την κοινωνική και πολιτιστική τους ανάπτυξη. Σκοπός λοιπόν της παρούσης εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει την δημογραφική και εκπαιδευτική εξέλιξη του δημοτικού των ιδιωτικών Εκπαιδευτηρίων Παπαδημητρίου τα 28 χρόνια λειτουργίας του. Αναφορά θα γίνει στο μαθητικό πληθυσμό και στο πόσοι μαθητές υπήρχαν ανά τάξη, ενώ ακόμα θα αναφερθεί πόσοι εκπαιδευτικοί υπήρχαν ανά έτος αλλά και συνολικά στο πόσοι δίδαξαν στο σχολείο όλα αυτά τα χρόνια. Επίσης, αναφορά θα γίνει στην καταγωγή των μαθητών και από ποια μέρη, είτε της Πιερίας είτε εκτός από τα όρια του Νομού, φοίτησαν στο σχολείο, ενώ τέλος αναφορά θα γίνει και στα επαγγέλματα των πατεράδων των μαθητών με σκοπό να δούμε, στο περίπου, το βιοτικό επίπεδο που επικρατούσε στο Νομό Πιερίας εκείνη την περίοδο.
Άγχος, στρες, κατάθλιψη και ακαδημαϊκή επίδοση φοιτητών/τριών -Αντιλήψεις φοιτητών/τριών από το Τμήμα Επιστημών της Εκπαίδευσης και Κοινωνικής Εργασίας
Authors: Φωτοπούλου Βασιλική Σ. , Φρούντα Μαρία , Ρέτση Χρύσα
Published: October 2024

Οι φοιτητές/τριες με την εισαγωγή τους στο πανεπιστήμιο αντιμετωπίζουν πολλές και πρωτόγνωρες αλλαγές-μεταβολές, που επηρεάζουν την ψυχική/συναισθηματική τους υγεία. Ως εκ τούτου, η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση ζητημάτων ψυχικής υγείας που αφορούν το άγχος, το στρες και την κατάθλιψη, που βιώνουν οι φοιτητές/τριες κατά τη διάρκεια των ακαδημαϊκών τους σπουδών καθώς και κατά πόσον αυτές οι διαταραχές σχετίζονται με την ακαδημαϊκή τους επίδοση. Η ποιοτική έρευνα επιλέχθηκε και πραγματοποιήθηκε σε δείγμα προπτυχιακών φοιτητών/τριών του Τμήματος Επιστημών της Εκπαίδευσης και Κοινωνικής Εργασίας του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων έγινε μέσω ημιδομημένης συνέντευξης. Από τα αποτελέσματα διαπιστώθηκε ότι η σχέση ανάμεσα σε άγχος/στρες/κατάθλιψη και ακαδημαϊκή επίδοση είναι άμεση. Συγκεκριμένα οι συμμετέχοντες/ουσες ανέφεραν, ότι περιστάσεις, όπως, η εισαγωγή στο πανεπιστήμιο και η συνακόλουθη εκκίνηση της φοιτητικής ζωής, η οικονομική κατάσταση, οι ακαδημαϊκές υποχρεώσεις, η πίεση των εξετάσεων, οι πιέσεις από την οικογένεια και από τον ίδιο τους τον εαυτό να περατώσουν τις σπουδές τους, αποτελούν πηγές στρες και άγχους, οι οποίες τους/τις επηρεάζουν αρνητικά. Επίσης, οι συνεντευξιαζόμενοι/ες δηλώνουν ότι άγχος, στρες και κατάθλιψη επιδρούν καθοριστικά στην ακαδημαϊκή τους πορεία και επίδοση. Παρ' όλα αυτά, πιστεύουν ότι το πανεπιστήμιο έχει τη δυνατότητα να συμβάλει πιο ουσιαστικά στη βελτίωση της ψυχικής τους υγείας, υπογραμμίζοντας για παράδειγμα τη σημασία που έχει η επικοινωνία με το εκπαιδευτικό προσωπικό. Πράγματι, αν στόχος είναι το υγιές πανεπιστήμιο, είναι σημαντικό να ληφθεί υπόψη ότι οι φοιτητές/τριες μόνο αν είναι ψυχικά υγιείς θα μπορέσουν να αποκομίσουν το μέγιστο όφελος από την εκπαίδευσή τους και να προχωρήσουν στη ζωή τους.
Morphological and Autofluorescence Dataset for ‘Touch’ Epidermal Cell Populations Collected with Imaging Flow Cytometry
Authors: DeCorte Arianna , Wolfe Gabrielle , Dailey Nicole , Philpott M. Katherine , Gentry Amanda E. , Ehrhardt Christopher J.
Published: October 2024

Background New methods for processing ‘touch’ or trace biological samples is an ongoing priority for forensic caseworking laboratories. These samples often contain materials from multiple individuals in varying quantities and/or degrees of degradation. Rapid characterization of cellular material before DNA profiling can allow laboratories to screen samples for the presence of multiple contributors or the amount of biological material present. Methods This dataset contains autofluorescence and morphological profiles of epidermal cell populations analyzed using Imaging Flow Cytometry. The epidermal samples were aged for varying amounts of time prior to analysis. Multiple samples from the same individual were also collected to assess profile variations within and across the contributors. Conclusions This data set may be used to investigate variability in epidermal cell populations from different individuals and potential forensic signatures contained within the non-genetic components that comprise touch biological evidence.
The genome sequence of the Black Medic, Medicago lupulina L.
Authors: Ruhsam Markus ,   Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Plant Genome Sizing collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2024

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Black Medic, Medicago lupulina (Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fabales; Fabaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 575.40 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 294.12 kilobases and 123.99 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 27,424 protein-coding genes.
Gut Microbiota and Its Connection to Neurological Disorders - summary of current knowledge
Authors: Sysło Oliwia , Jung Magdalena , Jung Maximilian , Sławińska Barbara , Jaworski Aleksander , Goliat Weronika , Haraziński Konrad , Rzepka Maciej , Nalepa Magdalena , Gutowski Piotr
Published: October 2024

Introduction and Purpose: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role not only in absorption, metabolic, and immune processes but also increasingly in shaping behavior and is strongly linked to the gut-brain axis. Different sections of the digestive system, due to varying environmental conditions and physiological functions, have a unique microbiota composition, both quantitatively and qualitatively, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea. This study aims to review current scientific research on the impact of the gut microbiome on the gut-brain axis and to explore how this influence may affect neurological disorders.
Brief Description of the State of Knowledge: Dysbiosis in the digestive system leads to changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, which can significantly impact the development and progression of various mental health conditions, as indicated by numerous clinical studies examining the gut-brain axis correlation. The main challenge is the insufficient understanding of which microorganisms within the human microbiota have positive or negative effects on mental health. Therefore, further research is needed to better elucidate these mechanisms.
Summary: Neurological disorders are a common challenge in clinical practice. Evaluating gut microbiota and metabolic states may provide valuable diagnostic and therapeutic insights, potentially improving patients' quality of life.
Materials and Evidence: A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database.
Can Competition Increase Profits in Factor Investing?
Authors: DeMiguel Victor , Martín-Utrera Alberto , Uppal Raman
Published: October 2024

The increasing number of institutions exploiting factor-investing strategies raises concerns that competition may erode profits. We use a game-theoretic model to show that, whereas competition among investors exploiting a particular factor erodes profits because of the negative externality of their price impact on each other, competition to exploit other factors can increase profits from the first factor because of the positive externality from trading diversification (netting of trades across factors). Using data for 18 factors as well as mutual fund holdings, we show that competition and trading diversification substantially affect the profits from factor investing.

This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance.

Funding: The authors received an INQUIRE-Europe research grant for this project.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02684 .
A Minibatch Stochastic Gradient Descent-Based Learning Metapolicy for Inventory Systems with Myopic Optimal Policy
Authors: Lyu Jiameng , Xie Jinxing , Yuan Shilin , Zhou Yuan
Published: October 2024

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has proven effective in solving many inventory control problems with demand learning. However, it often faces the pitfall of an infeasible target inventory level that is lower than the current inventory level. Several recent works have been successful in resolving this issue in various inventory systems. However, their techniques are rather sophisticated and difficult to apply to more complicated scenarios, such as multiproduct and multiconstraint inventory systems. In this paper, we address the infeasible target inventory-level issue from a new technical perspective; we propose a novel minibatch SGD-based metapolicy. Our metapolicy is flexible enough to be applied to a general inventory systems framework covering a wide range of inventory management problems with myopic clairvoyant optimal policy. By devising the optimal minibatch scheme, our metapolicy achieves a regret bound of [Formula: see text] for the general convex case and [Formula: see text] for the strongly convex case. To demonstrate the power and flexibility of our metapolicy, we apply it to three important inventory control problems, multiproduct and multiconstraint systems, multiechelon serial systems, and one-warehouse and multistore systems, by carefully designing application-specific subroutines. We also conduct extensive numerical experiments to demonstrate that our metapolicy enjoys competitive regret performance, high computational efficiency, and low variances among a wide range of applications.

This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, data science.

Funding: J. Xie and S. Yuan are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [Grant 72331011].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00920 .
A Dynamic Principal-Agent Problem with One-Sided Commitment
Authors: Zhang Jianfeng , Zhu Zimu
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we consider a principal-agent problem where the agent is allowed to quit by incurring a cost. When the current agent quits the job, the principal will hire a new one, possibly with a different type. We characterize the principal’s dynamic value function, which could be discontinuous at the boundary, as the (unique) minimal solution of an infinite dimensional system of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations, parameterized by the agent’s type. This dynamic problem is time consistent in a certain sense. Some interesting findings are worth mentioning. First, self-enforcing contracts are typically suboptimal. The principal would rather let the agent quit and hire a new one. Next, the standard contract for a committed agent may also be suboptimal because of the presence of different types of agents in our model. The principal may prefer no commitment from the agent; then, the principal can hire a cheaper one from the market at a later time by designing the contract to induce the current agent to quit. Moreover, because of the cost incurred to the agent, the principal will see only finitely many quittings.

Funding: J. Zhang is supported in part by the NSF [Grants DMS-1908665 and DMS-2205972]. Z. Zhu is supported by The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) Start-Up Fund [Grant G0101000240] and the Guangzhou-HKUST(GZ) Joint Funding Program [Grant 2024A03J0630].
Backlash or victims? ‘Victimised Korean husbands’ of migrant wives and problematic norms on sexual relations in South Korea
Authors: Yi Sohoon
Published: October 2024

Violence against marriage migrants became a critical social issue in South Korea in the late 2000s, and the government instituted various measures in response, partially adopting civil society organisations’ demands to protect migrant women. However, men’s rights groups also mobilised shortly after to advocate for the rights of citizen-husbands under the slogan of ‘male victims of international marriages’. Their campaigns targeted both the unscrupulous commercial matchmakers and their deceitful migrant wives. This article situates the victimised men discourse as a backlash against violence against women campaigns to reverse policy gains in the protection of women’s rights. The article argues that government policies have legitimised such discourse and used flawed ‘data’ to justify their policies. This article uses as data complaints submitted to the Korea Consumer Agency, a government regulator for consumer disputes, about international marriages and focuses on their mentioning of sexual relations, intimacy and sexuality. By doing so, this article demonstrates that men’s rights as consumers of marriage brokerage services are behind their claims of victimhood, and the victimhood discourse undermines the safety and human rights of migrant women. Moreover, a close look at the database about ‘male victimhood’ reveals severe human rights violations against migrant women.
Filling the gaps: grassroots prevention of domestic and family violence within the Korean-Australian community
Authors: Cho Hyein Ellen
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the bridging roles of grassroots community groups from migrant communities in Australia, specifically in the context of domestic and family violence (DFV). Through in-depth interviews with 15 victim-survivors and 16 practitioners and community volunteers of Korean heritage, the study examines how members of the Korean community are attempting to fill the gaps in social support for victim-survivors of DFV and what issues, barriers and limitations they face. The results indicate that community members face multiple barriers in their efforts to fill gaps in service, which in turn affects the quality of their response to victim-survivors. This study argues that the emergence of a peer-support network is a response and even a partial solution to those barriers and limitations, challenging the traditional community groups (for example, ethnic churches) that used to serve as a main platform for the Korean diasporic community in Australia. A deeper understanding and engagement with these emerging networks are needed to fill the gap in the work investigating DFV response and prevention within Australian-Asian communities.
Dual-wavelength mode-locked erbium fiber laser utilizing a Ge-PCF saturable absorber
Authors: Hanoon Reem A. , Abdulhadi Ali. H. , Abass A. K.
Published: October 2024

In this work, we demonstrate a mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on germanium-core doped photonic crystal fiber (Ge-PCF) as a passive saturable absorber (SA). The proposed SA was incorporated inside the PCF core during the manufacturing process. The short length of the proposed high nonlinear fiber can achieve a stable mode-locked pulse by controlling the fiber and collapsing lengths. The proposed Ge-PCF has been integrated into an erbium-doped fiber ring laser to establish the desired ultrashort pulse with the merits of a short interaction length (<3cm), enhanced damage threshold, environmental robustness, ease of manufacture, and suitable mass production. The obtained output pulses at FWHM have a pulse width of 800 ps and a repetition rate of ∼19MHz. Furthermore, the EDFL based on Ge-PCF achieved a dual-wavelength output spectrum with narrow bandwidths centered at 1557.27 and 1558.81 nm. The short-pulse capabilities of the proposed fiber laser make it highly suitable for a wide range of photonic applications.
Attitudes towards digital health technology for the care of people with chronic kidney disease: A technology acceptance model exploration
Authors: Kaklamanou Daphne , Nguyen Le , Al-Abbadey Miznah , Sangala Nick , Lewis Robert
Published: October 2024

Background

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition and a major health problem, which affects over 3.5 million adults in the UK. Use of digital technology has been proposed as a means of improving patient management. It is important to understand the factors that affect the acceptability of this technology to people living with chronic kidney disease. This study used the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM) to investigate whether perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness could predict intention behaviour. It then investigated if intention to use digital technology predicted actual use.

Methodology

This was a cross-sectional study whereby the TAM3 questionnaire was sent online to people known to have chronic kidney disease via Kidney Care UK. The characteristics of the respondents (age, sex, CKD stage) were recorded.

Principal Findings

The questionnaire was sent to 12,399 people, of which 229 (39% drop out) completed it. The respondents’ age ranged from 24–90 years and 45% (n = 102) were male. Thirty-five percent of participants had advanced kidney care, 33% (n = 76) had kidney transplant and 22% (n = 51) had CKD. A multiple regression analysis showed a perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the technology predicted behaviour intention to use digital health technology. Behaviour intention did not significantly predict actual use behaviour.

Conclusion

Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are important factors in determining the intention of people with CKD to use digital healthcare. However, a gap exists between this intention and readiness to actually use the technology. This needs to be overcome if digital healthcare is to gain future traction in the clinical scenario.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of tick-borne SFGR in China from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Hu Yanchao , Yin Ting , Ma Wei , Qiu Jiangwei , Zhang Jiaxing , Wang Qingan
Published: October 2024

Background

Ticks carry and transmit a wide range of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, and protozoa) that pose significant threats to human and animal health worldwide. Only few meta-analyses have been conducted on the distribution of ticks and tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR). Therefore, this study aims to examine the tick species and SFGR positivity in China in order to provide support for further research and improvements in the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases.

Methodology

This systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant Chinese and English studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, Chinese Biomedical literature database (CBM) and Wanfang database from inception to January 9, 2023. Pooled SFGR positive rate was meta-analyzed using a random effects model and heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 index. Publication bias was also evaluated by funnel plot and Egger’s test. The meta-analysis was performed on R studio 4.0.4.

Principal findings

Meta-analysis of 57 studies published between 2000 and 2022 involving 39,380 ticks revealed a pooled SFGR positive rate of 21.4% (Q = 6423.74, I2 = 99%, Q-p<0.001, 95% CI: 15.0–29.6). Most studies of tick-borne SFGR infection rate were conducted in forest areas and developed animal husbandry areas in the northern region. There were slightly more tick species in the southern region, but the differences in tick species (Feeding tick 31.5%, 95%CI: 15.7–53.2, Questing tick 11.5%, 95%CI: 4.4–26.7, Q = 3.29, Q-p = 0.19) between areas (Northern area 20.4%, 95%CI: 14.1–28.7, Southern area 25.5%, 95%CI: 15.0–29.6, Q = 0.21, Q-p = 0.64) were not statistically significant. The most common tick species were Dermacentor silvarum (13%), Ixodes persulcatus (11%) and Haemaphysalis Iongicornis (10%), and the most prevalent SFGR species were Rickettsia raoultii (20%), Rickettsia heilongjiangiensis (11%), and some uncultured species (18%).

Conclusions

This study examined the distribution of tick-borne SFGR in China. Our findings revealed that the main tick species were D. silvarum, I. persulcatus and H. iongicornis, and the common SFGR species were R. raoultii, R. heilongjiangiensis, and some uncultured species. Further studies are warranted to identify the potential vectors of SFGR and to better understand the epidemiology and pathogenesis of tick-borne diseases in China.
Barriers to care for dependent older adults: Brazilian Primary Health Care managers’ perspective
Authors: Gonçalves Jonas Loiola , da Silva Raimunda Magalhães , de Sousa Girliani Silva , Bezerra Indara Cavalcante , Praça Brasil Christina César , Vieira Luiza Jane Eyre de Souza , Netto Fernanda Colares de Borba , Guimarães José Maria Ximenes , Minayo Maria Cecilia de Souza
Published: October 2024

This study analyzes the perspective of 16 managers from different Brazilian regions about the barriers to adequate care for dependent older adults in Brazilian PHC. This qualitative approach is anchored in the hermeneutic-dialectic theoretical framework. It builds on the principle that aging has different epidemiological rhythms and multiple specific demands from older adults’ biopsychosocial changes. We highlighted several challenges to health services, since family, educational, organizational, and social contexts are fragmented. The 16 managers were selected by convenience from June to September 2019. They interacted individually in a semi-structured interview lasting approximately 30 minutes. The interviews were transcribed in full, and data were organized into four empirically selected themes: barriers due to dependent older adults’ family care problems; lack of priority in PHC scheduling; failure in recruiting and training professionals; and lack of a specific public policy. The results indicated weakened families regarding lack of training and overload, especially female caregivers in care routine. Managers recognize the repeated comings and goings and searching for PHC access, highlighting insufficient primary services to organize care. Noteworthy is that high population demand exacerbates inadequate coverage, since lack of professionals with adequate training, priority on the agenda of services, and a public support policy to meet this population’s needs fragment healthcare. Thus, it is essential to remedy the barriers recognized by managers by training more experts and qualifying professionals in the service. Society must recognize the stages of aging and support families, especially those most socially needy. The health sector at the Primary Care level has much to contribute to ensuring social protection and healthy longevity for Brazilians.
Cancer impact on lower-income patients in Malaysian public healthcare: An exploration of out-of-pocket expenses, productivity loss, and financial coping strategies
Authors: Aminuddin Farhana , Raman Sivaraj , Bahari Mohd Shahri , Zaimi Nur Amalina , Mohd Nor Sham Kunusagaran Mohd Shaiful Jefri , Zainuddin Nur Azmiah , Mostapha Marhaini , Ping Tan Yui , Mohd Hassan Nor Zam Azihan
Published: October 2024

Cancer patients often grapple with substantial out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses and productivity loss, with the ramifications being particularly crucial for lower-income households. This study aims to estimate OOP costs incurred by cancer patients, assess their productivity loss, and analyse the financial coping mechanisms employed by individuals within the lower-income bracket. The study employed face-to-face interviews among cancer patients aged 40 years and above, currently undergoing treatment, and belonging to the lower-income group. Participants were recruited from six public cancer referral hospitals. OOP expenses, encompassing medical and non-medical costs, along with productivity loss, were measured. A generalized linear model was applied to identify potential OOP determinants. Additionally, the coping mechanisms employed by individuals to finance their cancer OOP expenses were also determined. Among the 430 participants recruited, predominantly female (63.5%), and aged 60 or older (53.9%). The annual mean total cancer costs per patient were US$ 2,398.28 (±2,168.74), including 15% for medical costs US$ 350.95 (±560.24), 34% for non-medical costs US$820.24 (±818.24), and 51% for productivity loss costs US$1,227.09 (±1,809.09). Transportation, nutritional supplements, outpatient treatment, and medical supplies were notable cost contributors to total OOP expenditures. Ethnicity (β = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.15–1.79), household income (β = 1.40; 95%CI = 1.10–1.78), annual outpatient visits (β = 1.00; 95%CI = 1.00–1.01), age (β = 0.74; 95%CI = 0.56–0.98), and employment status (β = 0.54; 95%CI = 0.72–1.34) were identified as significant predictors of OOP costs among cancer patients. Notably, 91% of participants relied on household salaries and savings, while 15% resorted to interest-free borrowing, 11% sold possessions, and 0.5% borrowed with interest to finance their expenses. This study offers crucial insights into the economic impact of cancer on individuals and their families, providing policymakers with valuable information to tackle challenges faced in their journey. Despite substantial public healthcare subsidies, the study revealed that cancer costs can remain a potential barrier to accessing essential treatment. Therefore, there is a need for reinforced system-level infrastructure to facilitate targeted financial navigation services.
Annual Family Premiums for Employer Coverage Rise 7% in 2024 After Also Rising 7% Last Year
Authors:   KFF Health News, Palosky Craig
Published: October 2024

Family premiums for employer-sponsored health insurance rose 7% this year to reach an average of $25,572 annually, KFF’s 2024 benchmark Employer Health Survey finds. On average, workers contribute $6,296 annually to the cost of family coverage. This marks the second year in a row that premiums are up 7%. Comparatively, there was an increase of 4.5% in workers’ wages and inflation of 3.2%
A Tömörkény Társaság történetéhez
Authors: Bíró-Balogh Tamás
Published: October 2024

A Tömörkény Társaság Szeged két háború közötti művelődéstörténetének volt egyik jellegzetes képződménye. Fő célja Tömörkény István(1866-1917) kultuszának ápolása volt. Elnöke Juhász Gyula (1883-1937), titkára Hegyi István (1896-1951). Meglehetően alkalomszerűenműködött, jobbára asztaltársasági formában, az országos sajtó ritkán adott hírt eseményeikről, a helyi napilapok is csak arról, ami a nyilvánosságelőtt zajlott. A társaság működése, a rendezvények megszervezése és lebonyolítása, a kapcsolattartás és más, hasonló jellegű feladatokelvégzése a titkár hatásköre-kötelezettsége volt, s ez - mint minden szervezési munka - a nyilvánosság számára láthatatlanul történt. Adolgozatban közzétett három levél a titkári működéshez, s így a Tömörkény Társaság történetéhez ad részleteket.
A avaliação das aprendizagens nas escolas técnicas do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Neitzhe Leandro , Jacobsen Follador Kellen
Published: October 2024

O presente escrito tem como objetivo analisar as normativas educacionais do Centro Paula Souza, autarquia que administra as escolas técnicas do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa surgiu da necessidade prática de se refletir sobre o alinhamento entre as normativas que orientam o trabalho do professor e a efetiva avaliação do aluno que ocorre na prática do “chão da escola”. Analisando as normativas sobre avaliação, conclui-se que é importante conhecer os conceitos de avaliação que subsidiam a prática nas escolas técnicas do estado de São Paulo, buscando acima de qualquer outra concepção, uma ideia de trabalho avaliativo que não seja classificatório e seletivo, mas diagnóstico e inclusivo.
Ensino de ciências e metacognição na Educação Infantil
Authors: Novaes Angélica , Locatelli Solange
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar um panorama das pesquisas envolvendo o Ensino de Ciências na Educação Infantil, com foco em aulas investigativas envolvendo a metacognição em todo o processo de aprendizagem. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados CAPES e ERIC. Na base de dados da CAPES, foram selecionados trabalhos com as palavras-chave “Ensino de Ciências”, “Educação Infantil”, “Ensino por Investigação” e “Metacognição”. Na base de dados ERIC, as palavras-chave foram “Science Education”, “Early Childhood Education”, “Inquiry-based Teaching” e “Metacognition”. As palavras-chave foram buscadas isoladamente, bem como por pares, trios e quartetos. Os resultados indicaram que os trabalhos encontrados estão relacionados às palavras conjugadas por pares e trios. Porém, não foram encontrados trabalhos publicados no quarteto de palavras conforme as palavras-chave do escopo deste trabalho. Foi constatado que os trabalhos encontrados com as palavras-chave “Educação Infantil” (CAPES) e “Early Childhood Education” (ERIC) apresentaram a importância de ensinar ciências às crianças bem pequenas, com propósito investigativo, pois corrobora novas aprendizagens, inserindo-as no mundo científico e investigativo.
Estratégias de Educação Ambiental para a valorização da avifauna: relato de experiência
Authors: Alves Ranuzi Borges Marcelo , Fonseca Gonçalves Vanessa , De Melo Celine
Published: October 2024

A Educação Ambiental é um processo de conscientização que busca reduzir os impactos ambientais resultantes da atividade humana, ao mesmo tempo em que promove a criticidade em relação às questões socioambientais. Com o aumento dos problemas ambientais, torna-se cada vez mais necessário que essas mudanças ocorram no processo de formação dos indivíduos, particularmente nos anos iniciais de ensino. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se analisar a participação dos estudantes ao longo de uma proposta didática que estimulasse a alfabetização científica utilizando as aves como tema central. Os dados, provenientes dos questionários pré e pós-teste, que abordaram temas como conhecimento sobre aves, percepção das questões socioambientais e atitudes em relação ao meio ambiente, juntamente com os registros dos diários de bordo, foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. Ao comparar o desempenho dos estudantes no pré e pós-teste, observou-se um aumento significativo (Z = 2,66; p = 0,008). Os resultados indicam que os alunos ampliaram seus conhecimentos sobre as aves e desenvolveram uma maior sensibilização em relação às questões socioambientais, demonstrando a eficiência do uso de elementos interessantes, como as aves, para a integração do ensino/aprendizagem da Educação Ambiental.
Coordenação e subordinação em uma gramática escolar brasileira
Authors: Silva Anderson
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho é fruto de reflexões que emergiram na iniciação científica (PIBIC/UEPB/Cota 2015-2016), se desenvolveram no mestrado (PROLING/UFPB) e se consolidaram na prática docente (UEPB/Campus IV). O objetivo central da pesquisa é analisar a abordagem da coordenação e da subordinação em uma gramática escolar brasileira. A fonte em questão é a Contextualizando a gramática (Cordeiro; Coimbra, 2009). O aporte teórico bebe da Linguística Aplicada de caráter transdisciplinar, que consiste em uma LA de natureza indisciplinar e transdisciplinar (Moita Lopes, 2006, p. 14) e busca estabelecer relações entre duas ou mais disciplinas. Por esse motivo, nos alicerçamos também em estudos que diferenciam o ensino de gramática tradicional (Vieira; Gueiros, 2020; Mendonça, 2022) e a prática de análise linguística (Bezerra; Reinaldo, 2020), assim como alguns estudos, para fins de contextualização, sobre coordenação e subordinação (Antunes, 2007; Oliveira, 2010; Duarte, 2013; Perini, 2019). Como resultados, podemos destacar, a priori, dois: i) privilégio por atividades metalinguísticas em detrimento de atividades epilinguísticas; ii) preferência por exercícios estruturais, contendo identificação e classificação de tópicos gramaticais.
Pesquisas sobre alfabetização no Brasil
Authors: Maciel Francisca Izabel Pereira , Rocha Juliano Guerra
Published: October 2024

Em 2024, a Revista “Olhares & Trilhas”,  do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (ESEBA/UFU), divulga, excepcionalmente, em seu volume vinte e seis, dois números com artigos referentes ao dossiê temático “Pesquisas sobre alfabetização no Brasil”. Este primeiro número contém um conjunto de sete artigos, apresentando pesquisas com temáticas e abordagens teórico-metodológicas diversas, mas todas dentro do campo do ensino e da aprendizagem iniciais da leitura e da escrita.
partition des Rythmes sur tabla
Authors: Declercq Zoé
Published: October 2024

Au long de son œuvre, Iannis Xenakis a conjoint dispositifs musicaux et mises en espaces. Dès ses premières créations, des méthodes de composition identiques semblent y distribuer et lier les sons sous l’espacement des silences, aussi bien que les corps matériels au sein de rythmes architectoniques. Au cours des années 1950, le compositeur élabore la pièce musicale qu’il considérera lui-même comme fondatrice de son œuvre : Metastaseis. Dans la même temporalité, il prépare au sein de l’atelier de Le Corbusier – il compte parmi ses collaborateurs – la composition d’une façade vitrée où s’agencent des « Pans de verre » séparés par de fines membrures en béton. Les méthodes graphiques et numériques mobilisées pour les compositions de Metastaseis et pour les « Pans de verre » sont similaires. Les méthodes de composition semblent donc précéder, dans le chef de Iannis Xenakis, le champ de leurs applications : musique versus architecture.
Dans cet article, la chercheuse Zoé Declercq élucide le « mystère » qui accompagne la partition des Rythmes sur tabla, datée de janvier 1953. Un travail de collaboration s’opère au cœur des archives du compositeur, en étroite collaboration avec sa fille, Mâkhi Xenakis.
Dans le cadre de son travail d’artiste plasticienne spécialisée dans l’étude des processus de création, Mâkhi Xenakis a mis en exergue la partition, qu’elle décrit en tant qu’étude conduisant à l’élaboration de l’écriture graphique des nuages de sons de Metastaseis, et plus tard des Pans de verre ondulatoires (1954-1955).
C’est ce sillon que la contribution entend creuser scientifiquement, à partir de documents d’archives de première main et sur base d’ouvrages recensés dans la bibliothèque personnelle du compositeur.
Effect of landfill leachates on urban soil: A review
Authors: Selvakumar Jagasri  , J. Kannan  , R. Jayashree  , S. Sheeba  , K. Prabakaran  , R. M. Jayabalakrishnan  , R. Murugaragavan  , C. Poornachandra  , S. Madhusree
Published: October 2024

The increasing generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a significant global concern, with landfills receiving around 1.4 billion tonnes of MSW yearly. Inadequate landfill management contributes to environmental degradation, with landfill leachate being a substantial outcome of MSW decomposition. Leachate contains inorganic nutrients, volatile and dissolved organic molecules and heavy metals and its properties vary depending on waste composition, moisture content and seasonal elements. Heavy metals found in leachate include Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn, Hg, Fe, Zn and Cd and Emerging Organic Contaminants (EOCs) such as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC), pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PCPs) are also prevalent. Microplastics (MPs) have been found in raw leachate samples at concentrations ranging from 49.0 ± 24.3 to 507.6 ± 37.3 items/L. Landfill leachate production ranks among the most aggressive pollutants to the environment, particularly to soil and poses a danger of contaminating both surface and groundwater. This review examines the potential impacts of landfill leachate on soil quality and the broader implications of this phenomenon, summarizing recent scientific studies and presenting the direct and indirect effects of leachate on soil based on the literature. Bibliometric analysis of publications in the Scopus database reveals a growing scholarly interest in this topic, with the number of publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI) database increasing dramatically to over 464 articles between 2009 and 2024.