bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women’s Organizations in Belgrade from the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobacheva Yulia
Published: June 2023

This article considers the emergence and activities of women’s organizations in Belgrade from the last quarter of the nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. An attempt is made to show that their features, circumstances of formation, and activity are connected with the history of Serbian society from the second half of the nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. Special attention is paid to the position and particular aspects of the life of Serbian women at that time, as well as the history of women’s education, in the context of which the Women’s Higher School in Belgrade is mentioned. This paper considers the foundation and work of several charitable and charitable patriotic societies and briefly presents the activities of the Serbian National Women’s Union, the Working Women’s Society (Consciousness), and the Secretariat of the Women of the Social Democrats. Attention is drawn to the great role of educated women in the foundation and work of such organizations, who were undoubtedly of outstanding personal qualities, and had the desire and opportunity to work for the benefit of society and the country. The attitude of Belgrade society and the state to their activities is also examined. It is emphasised that the “collective”, patriotic, and heroic principles characteristic of the Serbian worldview manifested in the nature and activities of a number of organizations. This occurred at a time when there were no real internal or external conditions for the development of a movement in favour of changes in the position of women in Serbian society or broadening their rights. The research is based, in particular, on the testimonies of some Russian observers (scholars-Slavists, travellers etc.) who visited or lived in Serbia in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which complement the idea of the overall picture of Serbian and Belgradian life at that time.
Austro-Hungarian Press on the Resistance of the Transylvanian Saxons against the Toponyms Law IV/1898
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Popov Kirill
Published: June 2023

The problem of ethnic Germans dispersed among other peoples (the Hungarians, Romanians, Serbs, Slovaks, and Czechs) on the territories of different historical regions of Austro-Hungary, was one among many national questions in the “patchwork” monarchy of the Habsburgs. Divided in separated communes, which had been established at different times and had different levels of solidarity and self-consciousness, they faced a variety of contradictions. They were between two halves of the monarchy, between the core and the periphery, between one of the politically dominant nationalities of the state and all the others, between the bigger and smaller ethnic groups of a region, and even between Austro-Hungary and Germany. One such commune with a developed regional identity and high level of social and political activity, the Transylvanian Saxons, took the unifying language policy of Budapest as a challenge. Their attempts to prevent the enactment of the Toponyms Law IV/1898 revealed the wide spread of negative attitudes towards the Hungarian government among the Saxons. They had such an attitude in common with many social forces of the dual monarchy. The attention of various periodicals to the protests confirms such a conclusion. Using Saxon periodicals, the article examines and compares the perception of the Saxon reaction to the new law with that of the Slovaks, the Czechs and Germans from the Bohemian Crown Lands, and the liberal circles of the state capitals. The Slovaks were also affected by the Toponyms Law, and Germans from the Bohemian Crown lands lived with contradictions very similar to those experienced by the Saxons. At the same time, metropolitan liberal circles were politically dominant. Such a comparison reveals a degree of understanding of the similarities and differences between the national questions in different regions of Austro-Hungary by contemporaries and in the ways the same news was discussed in various periodicals. It also enriches our knowledge about the complexion of social and political life in the Habsburg monarchy at the turn of the century.
The Ice-Regime of the Danube and Winter Crossing Over Rivers in the Early Modern Times (1529–1650)
Authors:   Eötvös Loránd University, Vadas András
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to show the potential of study of private correspondence both in the reconstruction of past weather and climate on the one hand, and on the other in presenting some elements of the ice-regime of the Danube in the early modern period with its possible historical climate implications. The paper shows the results of the study of more than 10,000 private letters from the period between 1529 and 1650. The investigation resulted in dozens of previously unknown mentions of the presence of ice in the upper section of the Danube in the Carpathian Basin. Based upon this, it is possible to show some extremely cold or lasting winters and also to derive some general characteristics of the winters of the period. The paper shows that it is likely that the Danube froze over more frequently in the early modern period than it has done in the modern (instrumental) period which, amongst other reasons (human intervention in particular), could be attributable to change in the natural climatic conditions. Overall, the 120 years studied are considered a characteristically cold period of the Little Ice Age and it may be of primary importance to demonstrate similar climatic trends in the fluctuation of winter average temperatures in the Carpathian Basin and neighboring territories (Austria, Bohemia, Bavaria, and so forth). Apart from showing the potential of the study of the ice regime of rivers in reconstructing the past winter climates of the Carpathian Basin, the paper shows the need for the study of under-investigated types of evidence to gain historical environmental data.
Politics and Poetics: Narratives of a (Central-)European River
Authors:   Institute of Culture Studies and Theatre History of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Király Edit
Published: June 2023

The Danube, along with Galicia and Bukovina, was the landscape most commonly associated—between 1955 and 1989—with a widely understood lost Austrian identity and with Austrian Central Europe. The article examines two books on the Danube which are based on a combination of geographical and historical perspectives and establishing a correlation between the Habsburg tradition and the wider Central European space. Both authors had personally visited the places they write about, but their works are not reducible to mere travel descriptions or trip reports. Ernst Trost’s book Die Donau. Lebenslauf eines Stromes was published in 1968, a few years after the Habsburg heritage study Das Blieb vom Doppeladler, which also contained a description of the Danube journey. Claudio Magris’s book Danubio can in turn be seen as a continuation of a dissertation written twenty years earlier (Der Habsburgische Mythos in der modernen österreichischen Literatur) on the literary “afterlife” of the Habsburg Monarchy. If Trost’s book bears the hallmarks of the Cold War, Magris’s is a product of the new discourses on Central Europe that emerged in the 1980s. Both books are not only embedded in the political discourses of their time, but practically “reinvent” the Danube as a political and poetic theme. In a comparative analysis of the two books, the starting point is the central theme of both texts, each of which is a Danube master-narrative. The paper then considers how the two Danube books structure spaces and set boundaries; then general questions of genre affiliation are treated.
Global Inventory of Dissolved CO2 Sequestration Potential in Geothermal Systems
Authors: Dempsey David , Titus Karan , Peer Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Geothermal electricity generation has low carbon emissions compared to hydrocarbon alternatives. Nevertheless, recent attention on emissions of magmatic CO2 and other non-condensable gases (NCG) has prompted interest in their capture and reinjection. The geothermal industry is uniquely placed to effect CO2 sequestration due to existing reinjection infrastructure (e.g., wells, pipes, pumps) and detailed characterization of the subsurface resource.Dissolving CO2 into reinjected fluid is one way to dispatch emissions without creating a buoyant free phase in the reservoir. The CO2 can be sourced as NCG capture from the produced geothermal fluid or from a hybrid fuel energy scheme like bioenergy carbon capture and sequestration (geothermal-BECCS). The latter approach allows for CO2 concentration in the reservoir to be increased beyond the natural state, turning the geothermal system into a carbon sink. Depending on the local context, spillover benefits could include increased electricity generation, derisking of marginal wells, and additional revenue from CO2 emission offset schemes.In this study, we develop first-order estimates for the global CO2 sequestration potential of installed geothermal power plants retrofitted for geothermal-BECCS. We estimate the potential carbon dioxide removal (CDR) rate (MtCO2/yr) on a plant-by-plant basis using a mass and energy balance model with fluid throughput rates inferred from plant capacity, technology, and resource temperature. We also calculate potential revenues from CO2 removal and boosted electricity.We estimate that existing geothermal systems have the potential for 60 million tonnes of CO2 removal annually (MtCO2/yr) at a value of $6 billion. On average, hybridized cycles generate about 30% more electricity at a value of $3 billion annually. However, biomass fuel requirements to realize this scale CDR are 37 Mt/yr and may represent a key bottleneck for many countries. The United States had the highest potential CDR rate at 21.6 MtCO2/yr, followed by Indonesia, the Philippines, and Turkey with 6-7 MtCO2/yr, and other countries (New Zealand, Italy, Kenya, Mexico, Iceland, Japan) in the range of 2-3.5 MtCO2/yr. Herein, we discuss the caveats, limitations and risks that geothermal-BECCS would need to overcome to realize these benefits.
Inability to perform the five-chair stand test predicts increased risk of sarcopenia in nursing home residents
Authors: Šporin Martin , Zerbo Šporin Dorjana
Published: June 2023

The proportion of elderly and sarcopenia cases is expected to increase in the coming decades. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia using muscle strength as a criterion is important to prevent adverse health effects. The repetitive chair stand test is an effective tool for assessing muscle strength. Poor test performance may indicate an individual with potential sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the ability to perform the five-repetition chair stand test on the prevalence of sarcopenia in residents of western Slovenian nursing homes. 83 candidates (age 83.8±7.6 years, 69% of whom were women) we included in the study. The prevalence of sarcopenia was determined according to European Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines and the five-repetition chair stand test was used to assess physical performance. Relative risk with a 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the difference in risk for sarcopenia between the complete rises and the incomplete rises group. 37% of participants were diagnosed as sarcopenic, of whom approximately half were unable to complete the 5-chair stand test. The risk of sarcopenia was twice as high in participants who were unable to complete the test (RR = 2.05 (CI 1.21-3.49); p=0.0077). The inability to complete the repeated chair stand test in older adults from nursing homes significantly increases the risk of sarcopenia. Therefore, this test could be useful in identifying individuals at high risk.
Relationship between reaction time and performance in the 60 m hurdles at the 2022 World Indoor Championships
Authors: Matić Milan , Mrdaković Vladimir
Published: June 2023

Previous studies indicate that there is a large influence of the starting reaction time (RT) on sprint performance, but also that some recent changes in athletic rules may affect this correlation. This study aimed to examine the relationship between RT and results in: men’s (M60mH) and women’s (W60mH) disciplines 60 m over hurdles, 60 m hurdles in the heptathlon (H), 60 m hurdles in the pentathlon (P) at the recently held World Indoor Championship 2022 (WIC). The aim was also to determine whether there are differences in RT between M60mH and W60mH, M60mH and H, W60mH, and P, and between H and P. The study included 170 competitors who competed at the WIC. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r) was used for correlation analysis, and the t-test for independent samples was used to examine differences between groups. A statistically significant correlation (r=0.23, N=72, p=0.05) was found between the results and RT in W60mH when observing the entire sample of participants (r2 = 5.29). Considering that in H (r=0.42, N=10, p=0.23, r2=0.18) and P (r=0.54, N=12, p=0.07, r2=0.29), a much higher correlation was obtained between results and RT than in competitors in the 60 m hurdles event, we believe that this is a consequence of different athletic rules that refer to a false start. There are no significant differences between RT for M60mH and W60mH, M60mH and H, W60mH, and P, and between H and P. Coaches should pay attention to developing all parts of the sprint race, including the reaction time.
The influence of linear speed on the ability to change the direction of movement in elite female football players
Authors: Javorac Dejan , Vrbaški Aleksandar , Marković Saša , Molnar Slavko
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to show the influence of linear speed on the ability to change the direction of movement. Nineteen football players (16.90±2.28 years old) from the Serbian Super League participated in the research. Tests were performed to estimate speed: the linear speed at 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, and flying start at 10 m, and the 505 test for dominant and non-dominant leg, as well as CODS deficit, were applied to assess the ability to change direction. Using regression analysis, it was shown that linear speed has no statistically significant effect on the ability to change direction with elite female football players (P<0.05). In interpreting the results, several factors should be taken into account and the complexity of the linear speed relationship and the ability to change direction should be understood. The findings we gained from this research could influence the modification of training cycles, primarily strength, movement mechanics, and later more specific training episodes of football players.
Motor competence of children with different levels of physical activity
Authors: Šporin Gojko , Mačak Draženka , Damjanović Snežana , Popović Boris
Published: June 2023

Adequate development, testing, continuous motor competence monitoring and physical fitness are very important factors in the development of children aged 7 to 10. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the motor competence of the children engaged in organized physical activities in sports clubs and the children who were not included in any kind of organized physical activity. The study included 119 children, 57 children engaged in organized activities in sports clubs (age: 8.44 ± 0.78; height: 133.17 ± 7.21; weight: 31.96 ± 7.73 BMI: 17.9 ± 3.38) and 62 children who had no additional organized physical activity (age: 8.43 ± 0.84; height: 134.85 ± 7.60; Weight: 34.44 ± 9.20 BMI: 18.7 ± 3.68). Motor competence was assessed by the Kiphard-Schilling body coordination test (KTK). After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI effects, we found small to medium significant mean differences (p<0.05, d [95%CI]) between the groups in hopping for height tests (d=0.78 [0.41, 1.16]), jumping sideways (d=0.79 [0.42, 1.17]), moving sideways (d=0.68 [0.32, 1.06]), and walking backward (d=0.44 [0.07, 0.81]). The results have shown that the children who were engaged in organized physical activities in sports clubs have a higher level of motor competence than their peers who were not included in the organized system in sports clubs. The authors strongly suggest that teachers, educators, coaches, and parents should encourage and include children in organized systems of physical activity, i.e., training processes in sports clubs.
Buscadores alternativos a Google con IA generativa: análisis de You.com, Perplexity AI y Bing Chat [Alternative search engines to Google with generative AI: analysis of You.com, Perplexity AI and Bing Chat]
Authors: Codina Lluís
Published: June 2023

Análisis comparativo de tres buscadores alternativos a Google con inteligencia artificial generativa: You.com, Perplexity AI y Bing Chat. Presentación de las características generales de los tres tipos de búsqueda actuales en internet: recuperación de información, sistemas de respuestas, y búsqueda generativa. Análisis funcional y de la interfaz de los tres sistemas seleccionados. Recomendaciones generales de su uso en entornos académicos.
ЗНАЧЕННЯ ПАЛОМНИЦЬКИХ ПУТІВНИКІВ ЯК ЗАСОБУ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ ПІД ЧАС САКРАЛЬНИХ ПОДОРОЖЕЙ
Authors: Панченко Світлана
Published: June 2023

У статті автор розглядає паломницькі путівники як форму комунікації під час здійснення сакральних подорожей. Розглядаються різні варіанти міжнародних путівників, наводяться приклади реальних мемуарів, ітінерарії із життя паломників, приклади інтерв’ю, щоденників. Вивчення цієї теми свідчить про її відношення до розвитку релігійного туризму на сучасних етапах і еволюціонування туристичної галузі з її інфраструктурою, об’єктами, стежками, шляхами, починаючи з пратуризму (паломництва). Автор наводить конкретні приклади, описи паломництв, пропонує розробити нові паломницькі маршрути шляхами святих апостолів, зосереджує увагу на комунікативній функції путівників. Також у науковій праці розглядається структура путівників, аналізується актуальність інформації щодо сакральних об’єктів, детально описуються художні твори про паломництва реальних особистостей, які здійснили і розповіли про свої манди на сторінках щоденників, мемуарів, путівників. Розповідається також про сакральні місця, де проповідували святі Апостоли і про значення цих шляхів, які користуються популярністю серед паломників, але не мають ніякої актуальної літератури у вигляді путівників для здійснення міжнародних мандрівок. Можливо вони десь і є, але не мають масового поширення і відкритого доступу, а інформація для паломника є досить специфічною і потребує детального вивчення. За допомогою сучасного паломництва, яке перетворилось завдяки розвиненій інфраструктурі і спрощеним шляхам до сакральних об’єктів, відбулась трансформація і у сфері описів цих подорожей. У цій науковій розвідці простежується також науковий шлях від першоджерел до сучасних творів, описів, мемуарів, щоденників. Тому, на думку автора, тема є досить актуальною, має логічне продовження від історії до сучасності і потребує детального вивчення з точки зору наукового паломництва, яке можна простежувати і аналізувати на прикладі спеціалізованої літератури. Тим паче ця тема користується попитом як у наукових колах так і у реальних сакральних мандрівках, які потім описують у своїх путівниках, щоденниках, романах, повістях реальні паломники.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНOЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ-БАКАЛАВРІВ
Authors:   Тернопільський національний педагогічний університет імені Володимира Гнатюка, ZABLOTSKA L. , CHERNIY L. ,   Тернопільський національний педагогічний університет імені Володимира Гнатюка, MELESHCHENKO V. ,   Тернопільський національний педагогічний університет імені Володимира Гнатюка
Published: June 2023

The development of modern society requires highly qualified specialists in different fields of industry, who can communicate effectively and interact productively with foreign colleagues. Proficiency in a foreign language has become crucial for a specialist’s personal and professional growth. This paper aimes to study the impact of communicative foreign language teaching methods on developing undergraduate students' communicative competence at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. This research employs general scientific approaches and methods: theoretical for analysis, generalisation of the main provisions of the research and clarifying the essence and features of the process of developing communicative competence; and empirical: a questionnaire, observations, testing and conversations for examining the level of undergraduate students' communicative competence. This paper starts with the analysis of theoretical fundamentals of communicative competence in foreign language learning, its general components. It briefly describes some foreign language teaching methods focused on communication activities in foreign language classes. Due to the data of the survey conducted at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, the impact of implementing communicative foreign language teaching methods on developing undergraduate students' communicative competence was examined. According to the study's findings, communicative foreign language teaching methods promote students' interest and foster their engagement in the learning process, raise their motivation and improve their communication proficiency in English. The combination of innovative and traditional technologies, such as writing essays or reports, constructing scenarios, modelling communicative situations, role-playing, case-studying, etc., plays a critical role in the foreign language classroom learning. Undergraduate students felt more confident in speaking and writing in English due to the learner-centered approach and numerous interactions and communication activities undertaken in a foreign language class. Key words: communicative competence, foreign language learning, undergraduate students, proficiency, communication.
Estudos sobre compliance e integridade: uma análise bibliométrica
Authors: Ramos Bruno de Alcântara , Bermúdez Marcelo Cioca , Hedler Helga Cristina , Figueira Macelle Gomes
Published: June 2023

Como mecanismo de enfrentamento à corrupção o compliance tem sido uma estratégia empregada por empresas nos mais diversos âmbitos, já no aspecto acadêmico a pesquisa sobre o tema tem se desenvolvido a partir de estudos, notadamente advindos do direito. A presente pesquisa pretende ampliar o olhar para o entendimento de como o tema tem sido investigado na área de ciências sociais aplicadas, em seus diversos aspectos, empregando para isso a bibliometria. Utilizou-se o método PRISMA (Moher et al, 2015) com adaptação de alguns critérios para análise e seleção de artigos. Os resultados indicaram que o tema tem recebido atenção dos pesquisadores da área de Administração, que buscam estratégias para implementar os progra-mas de integridade nas organizações. Quanto aos aspectos da autoria, a maioria é publicada por mais de um pesquisador, predominando a autoria de três autores. Quanto à procedência desses grupos de pesquisa, a maioria é de instituições de ensino e pesquisa da região Sul. Na amostra estudada, como foco de pesquisa predominam pesquisas com método qualitativo no formato de revisões. Como agenda de estudos futuros, os artigos apontam a necessidade de investigar a efetividade dos pro-gramas de integridade nas organizações e a necessidade de desenvolver questionários e modelos de aplicação em organizações de diferentes naturezas.
Antiemetics and Apfel Scores in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Tran Van N.
Published: June 2023

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication following orthopaedic surgery. Only a few risk factors have consistently been reported to be independent predictors for PONV. Aim: To report Apfel scores for orthopaedic patients then correlate these scores to the number of antiemetics prescribed and subsequently administered in both the perioperative and post operative setting and determine if screening for Apfel scores is beneficial to predict PONV. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients admitted under orthopaedic units between 1st July2019 and 31st July 2019 was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital in Australia. Patients were screened and allocated an Apfel score and antiemetics agents prescribed and subsequently administered were recorded. Results: A total of 115 patients were screened for inclusion. Of these four patients met this exclusion criteria, resulting in a total sample size of 111 patients. An Apfel score of two was reported in 45.0% of patients, followed by 28.8%of patients scoring three, with 12.6% scoring one. Only 5.4% of patients scored the highest risk of four, with 8.2% of patients with no Apfel score documented. Conclusion: Orthopaedic patients tend to score two or more in their Apfel score placing them at higher risk of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting according to the collectively validated Apfel’s simplified risk score. There was no statistically significant relationship between theApfel score and the number of antiemetic agents prescribed or administered from both the perioperative and post-operative setting following orthopaedic surgery in this cohort of adult patients.
Treatment of Geriatric Subtrochanteric Femoral Fractures with Nailing. Is Operation on Duty Associated with Inferior Outcome?
Authors: Müller Franz
Published: June 2023

Background: Subtrochanteric femoral fractures are often require open reduction and internal fixation. Data regarding the time of operation are missing; therefore, we conducted this retrospective and monocentric study. Material and Methods: Between 2006 and 2020, a total of 115 patients with subtrochanteric fractures were enrolled. Treatment was performed with long nailing. We performed two groups: operations started within regular working hours (8:00 am – 16:00 pm; n = 41); and operations started on duty (n = 74). Based on our database, 24 variables were assessed. The primary outcomes were revision, infection, general complications, and survival. The secondary outcomes were the EuroQol five-dimension scale (EQ-5D-5L) health state, the EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) and the Parker mobility score. Results: The mean age of the patients was 81.8 years (range 65–97). With one exception (time to operation), the variables were balanced between the two groups. The revision rate was 11.3% (n = 13), with a nonsignificantly higher rate for treatment on duty (n = 11/74 vs. 2/41; p = 0.134). All infections (n = 5) occurred after treatment on duty, but this was nonsignificant. The Kaplan–Meier survival rate was also nonsignificant between the groups (log rank = 0.282), with a total one-year mortality rate of 25.2%. After a mean follow-up of 5.5 years (1.1–14.2), outcome measures were similarly reduced in the two groups. Conclusions: Based on our study, we recommend operation within 24 hours after admission and regardless of time. Further studies with a higher number of cases are provide general recommendations.
Rozprawa zdalna – wyjątek od reguły czy nowy model postępowania przed sądami administracyjnymi?
Authors: Krzykowski Przemysław
Published: June 2023

Artykuł stanowi analizę wybranych przepisów ustawy z dnia 2 marca 2020 r. o szczególnych rozwiązaniach związanych z zapobieganiem, przeciwdziałaniem i zwalczaniem COVID-19, innych chorób zakaźnych oraz wywołanych nimi sytuacji kryzysowych. W opracowaniu uwzględniono zarówno pozytywne, jak i negatywne konsekwencje rozpoznawania spraw w sposób zdalny przez sądy administracyjne. W konkluzji opowiedziano się za potrzebą udoskonalenia obecnych rozwiązań prawnych oraz technicznych w kierunku szerszego dostępu stron do tej formy posiedzenia oraz umożliwienia sądowi jak najpełniejszego kontaktu ze stronami.
Prioritizing the quality parameters of cotton carded knit yarn by varying tensions of the bottom aprons of the ring frame
Authors:   Department of Textile Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Raian Shahriar , Akter Sormin ,   Department of Fashion Design and Apparel Merchandising, Anwar Khan Modern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Baral Lal Mohan ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: June 2023

The forces exerted on fibres during drafting in the drafting zone with the upper and bottom aprons of the Ring Frame significantly impact the yarn quality. Aprons are crucial in manipulating fibres by facilitating movement and directing them toward the primary drafting area. From these two aprons, the bottom apron's tension is changed by changing tension spring bar groove hole positions. There is no scope for changing such settings in the case of top aprons. This research aims to achieve high-quality cotton carded knit yarn by selecting an appropriate bottom apron tension due to the significant role in proper drafting and twist insertion at the time of the manufacturing process directly affecting produced yarn's strength, evenness, imperfections, and hairiness properties. To fulfil this requirement, six yarn samples are produced each time by using 5 different tensions of the bottom drafting aprons. The samples underwent quality parameter testing, including Unevenness (U)%, Coefficient of Variation (CV)%, Imperfection Index (IPI), Hairiness (H), and Count Strength Product (CSP). The findings indicated that increasing the tension of the bottom apron while maintaining positions 1, 2, and 3 reduces the occurrence of neps, variations in thickness and thinness, and imperfections. In contrast, CSP is increased due to elevated stress on the fibres. In general, maintaining an appropriate tension enhanced the quality of the yarn, and the best quality was obtained for position 3, considering all the quality variables. Moreover, by using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) methodology, the pairwise relationship between the quality variables is shown. Finally, after calculation, those quality variables are arranged in three levels. According to this level, the quality parameters are ranked where the top is the highest. It is observed that Count Strength Product is at the highest level, which indicates that CSP should be given more priority. Moreover, the end use of this yarn is to produce knit items, and for the knitting yarn, CSP is one of the most influential quality variables.
CORPORAL LINGUISTICS IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, ALYIEVA A. , OSTAPCHUK I. ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Htatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the role of corpus linguistics in the teaching of foreign languages, in particular English. It defines the main aspects of corpus linguistics, considers the corpus approach as a method of teaching foreign languages, its advantages and disadvantages, gives a brief history of corpus linguistics as a branch of linguistics, and gives examples of possible tasks based on linguistic corpora. The article presents the tasks of the corpus approach, which are related to the teaching of foreign languages, its main characteristics, which determine its reliability and validity, are indicated. By analyzing researches on corpus linguistics, the authors summarized the typology of corpora. The article substantiates the expediency of using the corpus approach in teaching a foreign language in higher educational institutions. The authors established that the use of corpora in the work of students with the involvement of the inductive method contributes to the students’ awareness of the main language patterns and the development of linguistic intuition, while the study material is authentic texts. The authors revealed the possibility of using a direct and indirect corpus approach in the formation of lexical and grammatical skills of students. Thus, the direct use of this method may involve the teaching of corpus linguistics to university students as a purely academic subject, the performance of certain tasks or exercises using concordance programs, and the implementation of individual research projects of students. The indirect corpus approach includes material development and language testing. The article contains information about special software that can be used to implement training on the main types of tasks that can be offered on the basis of these programs.
LINGUISTIC ASPECT OF TEACHING THE ENGLISH VERB IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETENCE-ORIENTED EDUCATION
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, NEGULIAIEVA A.
Published: June 2023

The strategic direction of secondary education is a reorientation to forming students’ key competencies, which are the basis of harmonious personality development. The problem of teaching English attracts the special attention of scientists because the mentioned language is an effective means of international communication in today’s multilingual world. Therefore, this paper states the difficulty of implementing the modern competence paradigm in teaching the English language in general and during the study of verbs, as it’s one of the most challenging categories in learning and teaching. We analyzed some approaches to interpreting the concept of “verb” in linguistic literature and came to the conclusion that in addition to assigning a verb to parts of speech, researchers consider its following aspects: it acts as a predicate in a sentence, has a general grammatical meaning, identifies time frames of communication. Consequently, taking into consideration the proposed definition of this category by researchers (D. Hacker, G. Mulderig, A Nesvit, A. Raimes, О. Selivanova, C. Weaver) and the current concept of education in Ukraine, we distinguish such necessary aspects that we should hold in mind for defining the English verb: (1) accessibility, (2) reflects the essential features of the verb (3) characterizes the role and function performed by the verb in the sentence, (4) corresponds to the competence paradigm of education. Hence, we suggest the following definition of the English verb in general secondary educational institutions: a verb is a part of speech that describes an action or a condition, usually functions as a predicate in a sentence, and indicates a time frame within which an action or condition occurs. Among the promising areas for further study, we distinguish the justification of the lingua-didactic aspect of teaching the English verb at secondary schools, taking into account the competence-oriented concept of education.
THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF THE “RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR” CONCEPT IN THE UKRAINIAN INFOMEDIA SPACE OF THE WAR PERIOD
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, PAVLUSHENKO O.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of the study of the “Russian-Ukrainian war” concept semantic field based on the material published by leading Ukrainian informational Internet resources. The researched concept is important in the modern conceptual sphere. It will keep a special place in the picture of the world of the Ukrainians’ next generations. Content analysis and statistical analysis were used as the main research methods. The second one was implemented with the Google search engine tools that specialized in the mathematical calculation of the frequency of language units use. The analysis of the semantic organization of the concept of “Russian-Ukrainian war” is based on the theoretical foundations of the field conception. Since the verbal explication of the concept of “Russian-Ukrainian war” in the info-media space goes beyond the linguistic grouping, united by paradigmatic semantic relations between words, and is determined by a non-linguistic situation that has various aspects, the description of this linguistic and mental construct is carried out in terminology semantic field. It has been determined the analytical semolex, which is the titular name of the concept – a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. Moreover, it was found that the content of the linguistic and mental construct objectifies the semantic field, in which the thematic groups of language embodiments of the main content components are clearly distinguished: “aggressor”, “defenders of Ukraine”, “weapons”, “Ukrainians at war”, “actions occupiers”, “crimes of the occupiers”, “consequences of the war”, “tragedies of the war”, “events of the war”, “international reaction to the Russian-Ukrainian war”. Lexical units, analytical semolexes, and word combinations belonging to thematic groups do not occupy the same positions in the structural model of the studied concept. Eleven nominations represent the core of the linguistic and mental image of the Russian-Ukrainian war in the Ukrainian picture of the world. It is supplemented and detailed by the core zone of the concept, which includes twenty-eight verbalizers of the conceptual features of the Russian-Ukrainian war, which are currently relevant in the public consciousness of Ukrainians.
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY TRANSLATION IN THE TRAINING OF LAW STUDENTS: DIFFICULTIES
Authors: TURCHYN I. , DUBNEVYCH N. , HUNYA L. ,   Lviv National Environmental University
Published: June 2023

The article presents certain difficulties in translating legal terms in training future lawyers. The translation of legal terminology is a comprehensive process that involves knowledge of grammar, common and legal vocabulary, words and phrases of Latin origin, and others. Definitions of «legal terminology», «legal term» and «legal translation» are highlighted. It is stated that legal translation requires a translator’s awareness of the laws, culture, history, national traditions of the source language and the target language in order to reproduce the source information of the target language adequately and fully. The importance of translation dictionaries of legal terminology is emphasized. It is highlighted that information in the third edition of «Documents of the Consultative Council of European Judges» is available in English and Ukrainian. The educational tutorial “Comparative Judicial Law” in the Ukrainian language, which contains information for a full understanding of the judicial system for translating terms has been analyzed. The difficulties of rendering words of Latin origin, passive voice, and clichés are analyzed on the basis of the court case «Francisco Cunanan Pamintuan, Petitioner v. Department of the Navy». It should be remembered that Latin words and phrases are often not translated. The court-presented examples may be used without modification, however, it is advisable to explain or translate them when using them in foreign language classes. One has revealed the methods of translation of legal terms-realities, which are non-equivalent lexical units, as it is difficult to reflect the national identity of a certain country and to find an equivalent that conveys stylistic and semantic nuances in the text of the source language. It has been made clear how important it is to understand the laws, customs, and culture of both one’s own country and the native speaker’s country. It is emphasized that lawyers who work with foreign clients or help Ukrainians who have partners abroad must understand linguistic problems and know legal terms in the process of communication. It is noted that a promising area for the education of law students is the compilation of explanatory and translation dictionaries, which will also help to further lexicography.
REGARDING THE PROBLEM OF PSEUDO-ENGLICISMS ON THE BACKGROUND OF LANGUAGE FOREIGNIZATION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, FARION I.
Published: June 2023

The article reveals the problem of unmotivated English borrowings, in particular, their subgroups, which, given the etymology, are treated as pseudo-anglicisms. The lexico-semantic context of pseudo-anglicisms – anglo-latinism donat and anglo-greekism hype – is revealed against the socio-cultural background of the language-source and specific Ukrainian equivalents are proposed as an actualization of Ukrainian linguistic thinking. Taking into account the different degree of lexico-semantic assimilation, the anglicisms (or pseudo-anglicisms) involved in the analysis are grouped into three categories: barbarization, assimilated borrowing, persononomination: Barbarization is a borrowing with an existing and unattracted equivalent in translation dictionaries, as well as with a new specific equivalent, its search and approbation (64.6%): аб’юз – насильство, аутфіт – стрій, афіліація – належність (abuse – violence, outfit – clothing, affiliation – belonging). Assimilated borrowing – the possibility of replenishing the synonymous series through shades in meaning and the nomination of a new concept in the receiving language (16.2%): офшор – безподаткова територія, тренд – напрям, мода, тенденція, футбол – копаний м’яч (offshore – tax-free territory; trend – direction, fashion, tendency; football – kicked ball). Persononomination – is a newly created term by an author in the English language (and at the same time new realia in the receiving language), i.e., persononomena (19.2%). Such lexemes have their specific authors and the author’s motivation for naming: блог – щоденник, журнал, гендер – соціостать, лайфхак – навід, порада, підказка (blog – diary, magazine; gender – social class; life hack – hint, advice, tip). The percentage ratio, in particular the largest number of borrowings at the level of barbarization (64.6%), assimilated borrowings to a lesser extent (16.2%) and only 19.2% of persononomena due to the lack of corresponding concept or realia in the receiving language, testifies about a very low level of attracting the resources of the receiving language and the unconditional admiration of Ukrainians for someone else’s unmotivated vocabulary. Any borrowings in the language should be interpreted through the prism of the national principle, which consists in the constant actualization of one’s own capabilities, which open up to the Ukrainian language a continuous path to renewal and enrichment.
WAYS TO OVERCOME DIFFICULTIES IN TEACHING READING IN ENGLISH
Authors: FEDOROVA O. , SEVERINA Т. , ZAKRENYTSKA L. , HANDABURA O. ,   Khmelnitsky Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy
Published: June 2023

The article justifies the importance of the practice of daily reading against the background of consumption of “quick” information from social networks, available video content and television. The relevance and urgency of the formation of reading skills is emphasized in view of the “Strategy for the development of reading for the period until 2032 “Reading as a life strategy”, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the characteristics of difficulties in learning to read in English and the description of ways to overcome them. The authors analyzed the main causes of difficulties in teaching Ukrainian students to read in English in view of the differences in the sound and letter composition of these languages. The necessary prerequisites for successful learning to read have been determined. Considerable attention is devoted to the characteristics of phonemic awareness as a necessary skill for successful learning to read in any language. Phonemic awareness is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. This includes blending sounds into words, segmenting words into sounds, and deleting and playing with the sounds in spoken words. Explicit teaching of phonological awareness in early years can eliminate future reading problems for many students. The authors gave examples of various exercises for the formation of reading micro-skills. Special attention is paid to the strategy of multisensory leaning, which incorporates different activities in teaching reading based on seeing, hearing, moving, touching, reading and writing. Multisensory approach is overall beneficial to the learners’ academic development as it includes a wide spectrum of highly motivational, interactive and entertaining activities. Such activities as Sound Chain, Sound and Pound, Key Vowel, Catch the Sound, Paddle Pop, Syllable Segmenting and Blending are described and carefully exemplified in the article.
LANGUAGE REPRESENTATION OF SPACE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE TEXTS OF UKRAINIAN SPELLS)
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, SHULIAK S.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the linguistic representation of space in the texts of Ukrainian folk spells. To achieve the goal we are to fulfill the following tasks: to define a vocabulary for the designation of spatial concepts, which presents consecrated (clean) and profane (impure) space; analyze traditional formulas that denote space; to describe the linguistic means by which the limitlessness, dynamism, and mobility of space are expressed in the texts of Ukrainian spells. We present examples of Ukrainian spells in the forms in which they occur in the studied texts. So, in the texts of Ukrainian folk spells, we can see the functioning of a consecrated (clean) and a profane (impure) space, the reflections of which are reflected in the vocabulary to designate spatial concepts. Mobility, dynamism of space is conveyed by verbs of motion, and one of the spatial representatives is the lexeme sea, which in turn activates the epithet blue. In addition to verbs of motion, spatial semantics are conveyed by nouns and adverbs of place. Traditional formulas denoting space include constructions with the prepositions by, near, through, in, on, and geographical designations. Clean space is associated with the presence of Christian characters in it, but diseases are sent to places with the meaning of remote (unclean) space. The heavenly space of spells is represented by the symbols the sky, the sun, the moon, stars, and a fiery bugalo. Earthly space contains realities represented by lexemes denoting abstract space (north, south, west, east, side, parts, earth), natural landscape (mountains, forests, mounds, driftwoods, thickets, banks, stones, stumps, slums, ravines), formed territories (road, yard) and buildings (house, church). The spells denoting space are represented by plant names: trees (oak, willow, pear), bushes (viburnum), flowers (rose), herbs (mint, primrose, rowan), agricultural crops (rye), as well as generalized names of plants (tree, grass) and their parts. The lower water-land world is represented by the following nominations: snake, serpent, viper, plow, pike, dead man, devil. Prospects for further research consist in the study of the category of time in the texts of Ukrainian spells.
PREDICATIVE ADVERBS : PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, ROZGHON V.
Published: June 2023

The article characterizes the problematic aspects regarding the definition of status in modern Ukrainian linguistics, the semantic properties of invariable morphological units, correlative with qualitatively descriptive adverbs and motivated by qualitative adjectives, as well as those that are frozen nominative word forms that, under certain contextual conditions, are used to reproduce emotionally -willful or physical state of a person, the state of the environment, and in a one-syllable sentence perform a predicative function. Emphasis is placed on the large number of terminological definitions of this group of lexemes and the main criteria on which they are based, which causes difficulties in the linguistic and linguistic didactic fields. It is outlined that qualitatively descriptive and predicative adverbs are in homonymous relations with each other, since in different syntactic functions they implement the sentence and semantics characteristic of these members. The defining features of predicative adverbs in the modern Ukrainian literary language are formulated and their functional semantic properties.