bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Loafing Behavior of Students in the Group Learning Process in Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Islam Bandung
Authors: Wirayudha Aditia , Shakti Firdaus Firman , Ariq Maajid Rafi , Nurfarida Firda , Iqbal Santosa Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Social loafing is influenced by factors like the absence of individual contribution evaluation, unclear responsibility distribution, and intrinsic motivation. Equity theory posits that individuals compare inputs and outcomes with others and respond to eliminate inequity. When one group member engages in social loafing, others may reduce their efforts to avoid being perceived as “suckers.” Conversely, if one member overachieves, others may free-ride on their efforts. This behavior threatens group productivity and should be balanced among members. A survey revealed that many students felt some group members were unproductive, indicating social loafing behavior. The study examined the impact of equity on social loafing behavior, hypothesizing that equity negatively affects social loafing. Linear regression analysis was employed, and data were collected from 106 students. The findings indicate a significant negative relationship between equity and social loafing, supporting the hypothesis. Inadequate equity perceptions can lead to the spread of social loafing, impacting group performance. In conclusion, equity plays a crucial role in mitigating social loafing behavior in group learning processes. Clear rules and guidelines for group assignments can help maintain equity perceptions among students, ultimately fostering a more productive and collaborative learning environment.
Keywords: social loafing behavior, students, group work
Unveiling Excellence: Islamic Values in Lecturers' Personality Competence
Authors: Orgianus Yan , Prasetyaningsih Endang , Renosori Puti , Oemar Hirawati , Sofyanti Adzani , Panji Swara Resfi
Published: August 2024

In context of higher education, particularly in Islamic Universities (PTI), the demand for academic and moral excellence is essential. Lecturers have a central role in shaping student character, but sometimes academic competence is emphasized more than personality competence. The concept of “Unveiling Excellence” draws attention to efforts to uncover the superior potential of the personality competencies of PTI lecturers through the integration of Islamic values. This study aims to identify and describe the Islamic values on the competence of lecturers’ personalities. With a deeper understanding of the Islamic values regarding the competence of lecturers’ personalities, PTI can be more effective in shaping student character through Islamic teachings and producing academically and morally qualified graduates. Qualitative methods are used through literature studies, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with Islamic Education experts. The research findings revealed eight Islamic values on the competence of the lecturer’s personality, namely patience (Sabr), wise (hikmah), forgiving (al afu), shame (al haya), self-control (muraqabah), humble (tawadhu), empathy (ta’atuf), and politeness (adab). These findings highlight the need to integrate Islamic values into lecturers’ competency, thereby providing an educational environment that promotes the building of student character through Islamic teachings.
Keywords: competence, lecturer, Islamic values, personality
Pastoral Counseling and Care for People with Depression That Leads to Self-Harm and Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Meini Wagiu Meily , C. Taroreh Christina , Brek Yohan , Luma Subaedah
Published: August 2024

Pastoral counseling and care are essential efforts for people with depression that leads to self-harm and suicide. Therefore, patients should get full and continuous recovery by restoring themselves through rational thinking and gaining hope and spirit to live a normal life. This study is based on a literature review. It concludes that depression is a serious mental illness that should be handled properly and ideally. In addition, patients can have proper recovery and reconciliation. Finally, this research is expected to contribute to solving the problem of people with depression that leads to self-harm and suicide by providing an action to value, forgive, and love themselves based on the given steps of pastoral counseling and care.
Keywords: pastoral counseling, depression, self-harm, suicide
The Church as a Divine Instrument in Advancing God's Mission through the Implementation of Pastoral Counseling
Authors: Mudak Sherly , S. Manafe Ferdinan
Published: August 2024

This research uses a qualitative content analysis approach. The data collection technique is done by looking at books and journal articles related to the topic discussed. The data analysis technique was carried out with qualitative content analysis as the main method for discussing the central role of the church as an instrument for carrying out God’s mission, with a particular focus on the effective implementation of pastoral counseling. This research aims to find out what is meant by the church as an instrument of God’s mission. Furthermore, the research aims to determine the implementation of pastoral counseling in the mission of the church and through the church as an instrument of God’s mission. As a result, the church is sent to proclaim the message in and through Jesus Christ, which must be responded to with true faith and repentance. The pastoral function is an operational goal of God’s mission that can be achieved through pastoral services provided to others. Pastors and counselors should learn counseling approaches and techniques to provide more inclusive and relational ministry by exploring forms of collaboration that can be developed through the use of existing resources within the community or through partnerships with mental health professionals and outreach services. Finally, this integrative collaboration enables the church to do mission service through pastoral care with a holistic approach as a dynamic expression of the church’s commitment to fulfill God’s mission on earth.
Keywords: empowering, the church, instrument, God’s mission, implementation, pastoral counseling
Divorced Families According to I Corinthians 7:10-16 and the Spiritual Development of Children from Broken Home
Authors: Ir. Koebanu Dunosel , Tari Ezra
Published: August 2024

Children who grow up in broken households may face psychological challenges, particularly in terms of character and thinking. The youngsters alluded to here range in age from infants to teenagers and adults. The goal of this article is to clarify Paul’s perspective on divorce in I Corinthians 7:10-16, to examine the impact of divorce on children who come from broken households, and to offer advice and techniques for parents in helping their children. If the family divorces, the spiritual growth of the children suffers. The library research approach was utilized to acquire data from journals, books, and e-books that contained the major theme of this article. According to the findings of the study, Paul’s perspective on divorce and its influence on children from broken homes states that it is critical to maintain marital fidelity as a foundation for providing a stable and safe environment for children’s spiritual growth. Divorce can alter children’s beliefs and values, raising issues about the meaning and purpose of life in the context of their spiritual growth.
Keywords: youth, education, teaching
Analysis of Immanuel Kant's Authentic Theodicy After Tropical Cyclone Seroja in Tunbaun
Authors: Marno Nigha Johanes , Marina DJira Imelda , Florawati Naisanu Merita , Aseleo Kurniawati
Published: August 2024

The current research aims to understand the concept of Immanuel Kant’s authentic theodicy in the Christian community of Tunbaun Village, Amarasi District, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province after the tropical cyclone Seroja in 2021. The methodology used is qualitative research with descriptive methods that present research results in clear and detailed words based on qualitative data. The author then uses literature review results, observations, and interviews, and synthesizes the context of authentic theodice of the local community to produce the following findings: (1) Suffering due to natural disasters strengthens the moral values of society; (2) Growing hope for post-disaster life recovery; and (3) Christian community complaints to God as a result of their suffering arising through certain projections.
Keywords: Immanuel Kant’s authentic theodice, reflections on suffering, Tunbaun Village community post-disaster
The Effect of Implementing Learning Media on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Risambessy Johanis
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine (1) the effect of the using Power Point application as a learning medium on students’ learning outcomes; (2) the magnitude of the influence of the application of as a learning medium on students’ learning outcomes; and (3) the completeness of students’ learning outcomes. A quasi-experimental design was used to describe the relationship between variables through hypothesis test. The subject of this study were 20 students from the Elementary School of 1 Waai. Data analysis was done through correlation, regression, and t-test. The results of the study show that (1) students’ learning outcome increased, which can be seen from the average initial test results, from 70.65 to the final score of 82.3; (2) students’ learning outcome in the value of F was more than F table (18.45 – more than 4.41), the contribution amounted to 50%, and (3) the completeness of the learning outcome was that 75% of the students got a value of 74 by using more creative ways of learning.
Keywords: implementation, learning media, learning outcomes
Development of Christian Educational Comics for the Public (Collected by College Students Majoring in Learning Media)
Authors: Dormalin Koroh Tince
Published: August 2024

One big challenge for teachers today is to provide creative, interesting, innovative, and up-to-date learning media with the aim that students are not bored and can absorb information better. The study aims to develop Christian religious education comics that can be read by all and to test the effectiveness of these creations. This Research and Development program uses the 4D approach, namely Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination. However, at this stage, it is limited to the Development stage. The subjects of this study were a mix of school children and adults with a total of five people. The result of the study shows that: (1) Christian educational comics can be read by all groups; (2) Educational comics that have been developed are suitable for use with a material expert rating scale of 79.29% with proper qualifications, learning media experts are 84% with very decent qualifications, and preliminary trials of 90.11% with very decent qualifications. In conclusion, Christian religious education comics can be read and are appropriate to be used. From these results, prospective teachers are expected to be able to create learning media through various applications and materials related to daily life.
Keywords: Christian education, development, educational comics, learning media
Central Tendency Data Real-Time Acid Rain Measurement to Evaluate Tool’s Performance Using Statistical Analysis
Authors: Ramadhan Ardiansyah , Chandra Indra , Setyawati Wiwiek , Tanti Dyah Aries , Indrawati Asri , Alawi Achmad Faiz , Br Karo Brety Fetrecia , Sabilla Viny Aulia , Prihatini Anandha Putri Ayu
Published: August 2024

Increased population growth has implications for increased industrial and transportation activities. This activity increased gas emissions in the form of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), resulting in acid rain. The measuring instrument, a rain gauge, is used to measure acid rain in Greater Bandung at Telkom University, Indonesia, but it is currently unable to measure in real-time. Therefore, this study aims to measure acid rain in real-time by measuring parameters such as pH, temperature, conductivity, and precipitation to test the acidity contained in rainwater and evaluate the tool's performance with data for March 2022. The analysis uses various statistical methods: anomaly detection, outlier detection, central tendency, person correlation analysis, Mean Absolute Percentage Error, T-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Each parameter can be worked out in real-time based on the central tendency and rain dispersion results. If there is only daily rain, then the correlation for each parameter is the highest, namely pH if there is acid rain. The real-time average pH is 6.45; in the laboratory, it is 6.56, so the MAPE value is 5.37 (good category). Even though this tool can work well, it needs to improve the quality of the temperature control in it. Since temperature significantly affects pH, the results show a negative correlation of -0.80 between pH and temperature. In the ANOVA test, the resulting p-value, when compared with data in the laboratory, is >0.05, meaning that the average daily pH does not have a significant difference from the average laboratory test.
Enhanced Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Performance Using Channel Coding for High-Altitude Platform System (HAPS)
Authors: Mahyastuty Veronica Windha , Ghozali Theresia , Octaviani Sandra , Pamukti Brian
Published: August 2024

The high-altitude platform system (HAPS) is a promising technology for providing high-speed data transmission and coverage for remote areas. Still, it suffers from unpredictable channel transmission, especially in the Rician channel. To overcome the issue in transmission, we used one channel coding strategy, namely the quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC). This study aims to evaluate the performance of power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA), which allows multiple users to share the same spectrum in a downlink communication system from HAPS to three ground stations. We simulated the system using MATLAB simulation with different power allocation coefficients for every ground station. The simulation results showed that QC-LDPC codes can significantly lower the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required to achieve the same bit error rate (BER) as uncoded NOMA, especially in scenarios with uneven power allocation. The average improvement of QC-LDPC over uncoded NOMA was 8.4% in SNR. However, we also observed that NOMA is prone to domino errors, where decoding errors in one ground station can propagate and degrade the performance of the subsequent ground station. Furthermore, we found that power allocation significantly impacts the system performance, while the location and power allocation of the second ground station have a minor effect. Based on these findings, we conclude that QC-LDPC can enhance system performance in scenarios with low received power and that power allocation is a crucial factor for NOMA systems with multiple ground stations.
ECHOES. Mensajes para emergencia climática, enfoque de género e inclusión socia
Authors: Montoya Arenas Catalina , Escobar Ocampo Lina Maria , Niampira Daza Andrea , González Tejada, Neila
Published: August 2024

Las soluciones basadas en la naturaleza representan un enfoque crucial para la planificación, el ordenamiento territorial y la arquitectura sostenible en el mundo contemporáneo. Integrar elementos naturales en el diseño urbano no solo promueve la conservación del medio ambiente y la biodiversidad, sino que también ofrece una serie de beneficios tangibles para las comunidades como la mitigación de desastres naturales, la mejora del bienestar humano y la creación de espacios más resilientes y estéticamente agradables. Desde la implementación de techos verdes y áreas de infiltración de agua hasta la integración de corredores verdes y hábitats naturales en el tejido urbano, estas soluciones no solo son cruciales para abordar los desafíos ambientales actuales, sino que también contribuyen a construir ciudades más habitables y equitativas para las generaciones futuras.
The Significance of the Essence of Law in the Judicial Review of Particular Cases
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Procedure of the A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University, Shiryaev Vitaliy A.
Published: August 2024

The legislation is not able to fully reflect all the meanings necessary for law enforcement. This requires a court as the highest body of official law enforcement. There is a certain cycle of legal education, in the center of which is legal science. In this cycle, the law enforcement essence of law is revealed. That is, law through the category of essence must be considered as a result in which a certain certainty in a particular legal relationship is formulated in the final semantic legal form, and which (legal, semantic, essential certainty) appears when a legal, judicial act (decisions, resolutions, definitions) enters into final legal force. In other words, the essence (law enforcement) of law must finally manifest itself in the certainty of a specific law enforcement act.
Study on University Dropouts In the Context of the Romanian Education System Reform
Authors: Călin Mariana Floricica , Flaut Cristina , Flaut Daniel , Tușa Enache
Published: August 2024

After 2010, the Romanian university system registered an increase of dropout cases. This aspect requires to identify and implement some alternative methods of action at the national level with the unique scope to prevent and combat early university dropout. The good motivation of the students for their studies is increasingly low. Some of the causes which determine this phenomenon are well known and quite difficult to remove, as for example the financial and intellectual development level of the family from where they come. These aspects can often be decisive factors in the emergence of the school dropout phenomenon. But these aspects are certainly not the only causes. This is the reason for which other aspects, which determine the students to dropping out the school and can be more easily corrected, must be identified.  The aim of this paper is to present these aspects, emphasizing the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to limit absenteeism and university dropout. For this purpose, we present a questionnaire applied at "Ovidius" University on a target group of students. The participants consisted of 500 students from 5 faculties of our university. With this questionnaire we want to identify patterns and trends in the evolution of absenteeism and university dropout.
Digital Technology in The Training of Future Kinesiotherapists
Authors: Cojocaru Aurora Liliana , Timnea Olivia Carmen
Published: August 2024

Digital technology has permeated all fields of activity, therefore it is absolutely necessary to use it in the education system as well. Today`s students should benefit from the conveniences offered by the digital world; the information activity must thus be permanently adapted to the digital evolution, so that the future specialists can face the demands of society. Kinesiotherapy and Special Motricity students, future kinesiotherapists, need solid knowledge of human anatomy, this knowledge being a support for their whole activity. Digital technology can supplement the traditional  way of learning human anatomy. Various apps have been designed for learning human anatomy, among them Complete Anatomy. Created in 2009 by 3D4Medical, now part of Elsevier, Complete Anatomy is an application that offers an alternative to physical anatomical models, through interactive anatomical models; the application can be installed on various devices: laptop, tablet, smartphone and can be accessed anytime and anywhere the student is, both during class/lab and outside them, for individual study. Using the Complete Anatomy app, muscle actions can be visualized; movement analysis being important in the training of future kinesiotherapists. In addition to detailed 3D anatomical models, the app also provides anatomical information and a video library. For the research, the group of subjects was made up of first-year students from the Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Kinesiotherapy, specialization in Kinesiotherapy and Special Motricity, Romanian-American University of Bucharest. Following the use of a questionnaire, it was found that, regardless of the experience of previous use or not of some applications in learning, students are eager to use digital technology for learning human anatomy through the Complete Anatomy application.
The Role of Lifestyle Activities (Mountain Trips and Hiking) in Extracurricular and Leisure Options - Part 1/Attractiveness Component Analysis
Authors: Mocanu George-Danut , Raducanu Daniela-Monica , Parvu Carmen , Szabo Dan  Alexandru
Published: August 2024

Background and Study Purpose. The majority of the population prefers nature activities, trips, and hiking in mountain areas due to the attractiveness of the trails and the beneficial effects. Material and Methods. The investigated group included 647 students from secondary school/336 cases and high school/311 cases. A questionnaire consisting of 23 closed-ended items (Likert scale in 5 levels) was applied between March and May 2024 to study the opinions about trips and hiking in mountain areas. Parametric ANOVA procedures (defining gender-independent variables, area variables, and training level) were applied to identify differences between the resulting groups. Results. Factor analysis with PCA identified a distribution of items on three distinct components: Attractiveness, Usefulness, and Effects/Financial Accessibility. The F values for the three independent variables and the interaction between them correspond to statistically significant thresholds (P < 0.05), so there are differences between the opinions of the surveyed students for the items of the applied questionnaire. Conclusions. The spirit of adventure and escape from everyday life show the highest mean score of all the component items, followed by the attraction to trips and hiking. Females are more interested in trips and hiking than males. High school students are more attracted to these activities than secondary school students. We noted the statistically significant superiority of rural vs. urban students for all items of the Attractiveness component. Recommendation. These differences require identifying different ways to motivate the groups analysed in the future to be more involved in this kind of activity.
The Effects of Integrated Proprioception Development Strategies in Increasing the Psycho-Neuro-Motor Level of Children
Authors: Camenidis Carmen-Magdalena , De Hillerin Pierre Joseph , Mihăilescu Liliana , Geantă Vlad Adrian , Roşu Daniel
Published: August 2024

This research aims to evaluate the improvement of proprioception capacity in 24 male subjects, aged 10 years, by applying an intervention strategy and proposing a specific competence within the physical education school program for the 4th grade in Romania. An experimental group (EG, n=12) underwent an ameliorative intervention for 14 weeks, having two lessons per week, while a control group (CG, n=12) followed the usual football training program at the club sport. Both EG and CG subjects were evaluated, under similar conditions, using four tests: Body Sway, Flamingo, March in place – MIP and Circle, using scientific equipment OptoJump Next and GYko Microgate. The statistical analysis compared the results of the two groups, using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test to verify the normality of the distributions, and to verify the significance of the statistical differences, the Independent T-test and the Mann Whitney U-test were used. The results revealed statistically significant differences in three of the four applied tests, confirming the general efficiency of the experimental program. These findings support the possibility of optimizing the contents of the school physical education program to support the development of proprioception and body awareness in primary school children. The use of high-tech equipment, such as GyKo Microgate and OptoJump Next, can provide standardized data on neural processing of sensory information, thus contributing to a more accurate and efficient approach to school physical education.
Timeliness and Continuity in Academic Ethics. The New Framework-code of University Ethics
Authors: Sandu Antonio
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we will make a brief introduction regarding the elements of novelty and continuity brought by the new Framework-code of University Ethics and Deontology approved by the Government of Romania on April 4, 2024 and published in Monitorul Oficial on April 9, 2024. There will be made a series of observations regarding the name of the document (framework-code), the objectives of this normative act, its applicability, the constitutive and operational ethical values of the university activity legislated by this Code, as well as regarding the novelty elements that this code brings with regard to Romanian academic ethics. In this presentation, we seek to debate a series of concepts used by the legislator in this Code. We will also briefly present the principles applicable to university ethics and deontology contained in the ethics Framework-Code, insisting on the principle of independence from any moral, scientific, religious, political, economic influence or of any other nature, in the didactic or scientific activity, as well as and on the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of the members of the university community.
The Hegemonization and Counter-Hegemonization of Polish Copyright Discourses
Authors: Radomska Ewa
Published: August 2024

This article explores the nature and structure of Polish discourses on copyright, specifically revealing to what extent social conflict over copyright is visible within these discourses and presenting the most important parties in this conflict. Following Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s discursive reconstruction of the hegemony, the article indicates that Polish copyright discourses are structured by an alternating sequence of discursive hegemonic and counter-hegemonic practices. The article specifies the most important logic applied within discursive battles over copyright by deconstructing the central dualities visible in Polish copyright debates. Hegemonization and counter-hegemonization of the discourses are indicated based on the discourse analysis of the Polish public debate on copyright and a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews and focus group interviews with representatives of selected parties in the social conflict over copyright.
Exploration of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Eclipta prostrata Leaf Extract
Authors: Navya H.M. , Waghmare Tathagath , Chavan Ashajyothi , Kudsi Jahanara , Tejaswini M.M. , . Prabhurajeshwar
Published: August 2024

Background: Eclipta prostrate also recognized as Bhringaraja is an annual herbaceous plant, commonly known as king of hairs. It is an erect or prostrate, much branched, roughly hairy, annual, rooting at the nodes; the leaves are opposite, sessile and lanceolate belonging to family Asteraceae. This plant is a significant medicinal plant in the tropical and subtropical areas. It is broadly used in treating different diseases of skin, liver and stomach in India, Nepal, Bangladesh and other countries. Methods: The main aim of this work was to collect and analyze the available information on traditional uses, phytoconstituents and biological activities of E. prostrata. Eclipta prostrata L. methanol extract was evaluated for its phytochemical compounds, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and antibacterial activity. Result: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, glycoproteins and volatile oil the total saponin content was found to be 84.175 ± 0.575 in mg/g equivalent of diosgenin. The results of antioxidant activity measured by the FRAP method revealed stronger reducing power of the extract. Further antibacterial activity was observed against K. pneumoniae and S. aureus in potential of inhibiting the tested microorganisms. Crude methanolic extract of E. prostrate recorded a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 mg/ml. The results of current study suggested that antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity could be due to polyphenols, however chiefly by various active compounds or substances present in the extract. Further isolation, characterization and identification of the potential phytochemical compound from crude extract needs to be addressed.
Influence of Feed and Feeding Strategies on Rumen Microbiome: A Review
Authors: Chinnamani Valli , Murugeswari R. , Srinivasan G. , Nanthini A. Ruba
Published: August 2024

The presence of complex microorganisms in the rumen of ruminants are able to process the lignocellulose from low quality feed and fodder into volatile fatty acids, convert non-protein nitrogen into microbial protein and synthesize B vitamins, thus, ruminants are able to produce food of animal origin without competition for feed with non-ruminants and man. On the other hand, they contribute 14 per cent of anthropogenic methane, released annually into the atmosphere. Manipulating the rumen microbiome is considered as an important approach to reduce environmental impact, while increasing production efficiency in ruminants. A systematic literature search was undertaken and relevant research and review articles were downloaded, classified and salient points extracted to prepare the narrative review on “Influence of Feed and Feeding strategies on Rumen microbiome”. The microbial community in the rumen is the most diverse composed of bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi and uncharacterized virome. Differences in ruminal microbial community compositions are predominantly attributable to diet. Dietary manipulation offers a viable solution to alter the rumen microbiome so that the present-day challenges faced by the ruminant livestock industry is addressed.
Assessment of geodynamic stability of the Earth's geospheres
Authors: Kokin A. , Kokin A.
Published: August 2024

The Earth, as a system, is characterized by certain average state parameters (density, temperature). These parameters cannot but depend on similar states of internal geospheres (subsystems), which follow the unified law of increasing entropy of the cooling Earth from the center in the direction of the Earth's radius. As a model for assessing the dynamic stability of the Earth's internal geospheres relative to each other, the principle of the golden proportion (golden section) was used with the given parameters of density, temperature, power of the geospheres to the extreme ratios of their states at points (0.618; 1.618; 2.618), which determine the conditions for the stable dynamic equilibrium of the compared parameters of geospheres. And if these relations satisfied the known theoretical, model, geophysical data, then the conclusion was made that the geospheres in the compared parameter relations were in a state close to a stable dynamic equilibrium of the exchange of matter and energy between them. Otherwise, it was recognized that the compared geospheres of the Earth were in a state of either unstable dynamic equilibrium with an assessment of the level of this deviation from the golden numbers, or the known values of the density and temperature of the geospheres, as well as their structure, should be subject to clarification.
Average model estimates of the parameters of the Earth's internal geospheres reach a stable dynamic equilibrium at a level of deviation from the golden numbers of up to 2.72 %. This allows estimating the model duration of the modern geological activity of the Earth for another 124 million years until the formation of a new state of the existing continents. The instability of the dynamic equilibrium of density and temperature of matter is established at the boundaries: continental and oceanic crust; oceanic crust and Golitsin layer; at the boundary between the outer part of the Earth's core and the lower mantle; inside the Earth's core at the level of identified transition zones in the four-layer core model. The presence of spheres with a high core density from 16.05 to 26.45 g/cm3 suggests the stratification of its central part into essentially gold and platinoid.
The presence of instability boundaries in the dynamic state of geospheres is in good agreement with the concept of plate tectonics and with the depths of plume origin. It can be assumed that the relative equilibrium of the internal structure of the Earth will continue for about 124 million years until the beginning of the formation of a new Pangea Proxima, which, according to Cristofor Scotese, will arise in 200 million years.
The Sasak Pepaosan Tradition as a Medium of Communication with God
Authors: Raudloh St. , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi , Shubhi Muhammad , Bahri Syaiful , Husnan Lalu Erwan
Published: August 2024

One local tradition of the Sasak people that has been maintained is conerned with pepaosan. This study explores the meaning of symbols and cultural values in the pepaosan tradition amongst the Sasak in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, in eastern Indonesia. It employed ethnography with a phenomenological approach. All data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. These data were further analyzed qualitatively in four steps: domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, component analysis, and determining themes. This study argues that pepaosan tradition and other instruments serve as a communication medium and a symbol of cultural values, expressing gratitude for all the gifts God has bestowed. It also denotes a request to God to grant the wishes of the Sasak people. The symbols also embody the value of hope and advice for the Sasak people to live a good life, aligning with ancestral teachings and religious guidance.
In situ synthesis of nanosized ZSM-12 zeolite isomorphously substituted by gallium for the n-hexadecane hydroisomerization
Authors: Lin Hailong , Xu Chang , Wang Wei , Wu Wei
Published: August 2024

The ZSM-12 zeolite has attracted attention as the promising acid component of bifunctional catalysts for the n -alkane hydroisomerization because of its large size of micropore openings (0.57 nm × 0.61 nm) with 12-membered-ring and one-dimensional channels. However, the larger crystal size and stronger Brønsted acid strength of microsized ZSM-12 zeolite will lead to cracking of iso -olefin intermediates and decrease the iso -alkane yield. In this study, ZSM-12 zeolite samples partially and completely isomorphously substituted with gallium ([Ga,Al]Z12 and GaZ12) were in situ synthesized. The characteristic results indicate that isomorphous substitution by Ga can effectively reduce the crystal size to increase the mesoporosity and weaken the Brønsted acidity of the [Ga,Al]Z12 and GaZ12 samples. In addition, bifunctional catalysts with more appropriate metal-acid proximity for n -hexadecane hydroisomerization were prepared by mixing the 0.6Pd/A sample with 0.6 wt.% Pd loaded on γ-Al2O3 and the ZSM-12, [Ga,Al]Z12 and GaZ12 samples, respectively. The 0.3Pd/A-[Ga,Al]Z12 and 0.3Pd/A-GaZ12 catalysts both promote the maximum iso -hexadecane yield and distribution of multi-branched iso -hexadecane products due to their enhanced mesoporosity, reduced Brønsted acid strength, increased CPd/CH+ ratios and improved metal-acid balance. Especially for the 0.3Pd/A-GaZ12 catalyst, when the n -hexadecane conversion is 93.5%, the maximum iso -hexadecane yield reaches 80.6%, and the proportion of multi-branched iso -hexadecane products is 64.6%, which are both the highest among all investigated catalysts. Accordingly, Ga isomorphous substitution is an effective strategy to develop the efficient bifunctional catalysts for hydroisomerization.
A deep neural network potential model for transition metal diborides
Authors: Dai Fu-Zhi , Wen Bo , Hu Yixuan , Gu Xin-Fu
Published: August 2024

Transition metal diborides (TMB2s) are renowned for their high melting point and exceptional wear, corrosion, and erosion resistance, making them promising candidate materials for applications in extreme environments. As such, there is an urgent need for reliable material design tools for TMB2s to improve efficiency in developing new materials. To address this need, we have developed a domain-specific medium-scale interatomic potential model for TMB2s that encompasses elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, and B. The prediction errors in energy and force of our model are 8.8 meV/atom and 387 meV/Å, respectively. Furthermore, the model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting various material properties, including lattice parameters, elastic constants, equations of states, and melting points, as well as grain boundary segregations. By providing a reliable and efficient tool for material design, this model will play a crucial role in the development of new, high-performance TMB2s for use in extreme environments.
Strategy of the cyber-physical system for the small business enterprise guaranteed functioning with the digital twin support
Authors: Pankratova Nataliya , Tymchik Grygoriy , Pankratov Yevhen
Published: August 2024

The article presents a strategy of the cyber-physical system guaranteed functioning for a small business enterprise (SBE), which is ensured by maintaining the digital twin and is due to its extremely high relevance in modern conditions. Business processes are linked to Industry 4.0 competencies. One of the innovations it implements is Digital Twin, a comprehensive facility support tool. Digital twin allows for tracking and effectively managing the entire cycle of an infrastructure project, from planning, procurement, and production to commissioning and maintenance of the facility. PEST, SWOT, SAW, TOPSIS, and VIKOR methods are used to build a strategy.
Multi-factor forecasting of statistical trends for data science problems
Authors: Pysarchuk Oleksii , Andreieva Tetiana , Grinenko Olena , Baran Danylo
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the processes of multi-factor forecasting of statistical trends for Data Science problems. Most of the classic approaches to data processing consist of studying the consequences of phenomena rather than the factors of their appearance. At the same time, the factors affecting the behavior of the investigated process are assumed to be random and are not investigated. The article discusses the approach to forecasting the parameters of the trend of statistical time series, which consists of the study of factors that lead to changes in the dynamics of the studied process. This approach potentially has better indicators of adequacy, accuracy, and efficiency in obtaining final solutions than classical approaches. The implementation of this approach is shown using an example of the analysis of exchange rate changes. The obtained results show the practicality of considering multi-factoriality in forecasting tasks.
Expansion of the mathematical apparatus of discrete-continuous networks for the automation of their synthesis procedures
Authors: Gurskiy Alexander , Denisenko Andrey , Goncharenko Alexander
Published: August 2024

The paper deals with a model of an intelligent system related to the automatic synthesis of Petri nets and presents a certain stage of developing this model. The peculiarity of the extended mathematical apparatus is that it contains a combination of Petri net incidence matrices to represent various algorithms. This combination of matrices is part of the equations describing the logic control device of a complex system. Accordingly, the work also presents a well-known mathematical description of discrete-continuous systems with a controlled structure, which includes certain logical control devices. This mathematical description, based on means of discrete-continuous networks, is associated with the incidence matrix of the Petri net, which is formed as a result of a particular synthesis algorithm. At the same time, the formed Petri net represents the corresponding logical control algorithm that should ensure the effective functioning of the corresponding system. The final part of the work presents various structural schemes of logic-dynamic models of systems related to the automatic synthesis of Petri nets. Here, we determine the features of the advanced mathematical apparatus based on discrete-continuous networks to develop an intelligent system that forms logical control algorithms. It is also noted that such systems can be used to create certain control algorithms that ensure increased efficiency of the functioning of some objects in difficult and unpredictable conditions.
Four Azadirone-Type Limonoids from Chisocheton Pentandrus Stem Bark and Their Cytotoxic Acitivity Against Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Supratman Unang , Runadi Dudi , Naini Al Arofatus , Purnama Purnama , Mayanti Tri , Harneti Desi , Nurlelasari Nurlelasari , Maharani Rani , Farabi Kindi , Nafiah Mohamad Azlan
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT. Limonoid group belongs to triterpenoid that has undergone further oxidation accompanied by the loss of four carbon atoms to form a furan ring in the chain. This limonoid compound is often found in the Chisocheton genus. Limonoid compounds have been known as compounds with high structural variations and this makes limonoids have diverse and interesting activities, including cytotoxic and anticancer. In the course of our continuing study for limonoid constituents that have cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines, methanol extract of stem bark from the Chisocheton pentandrus plant provides significant activity. The methanol extract was separated using various chromatographic techniques in the normal and reverse stationary phase to produce four azadirone-type limonoid compounds (1-4). The elucidation structure of 1-4 was determined using spectroscopic methods including, UV-Visible, IR, and 1D-NMR as well as optical rotation. All four known compounds were established as trichilenone acetate (1), toonaciliaton C (2), 11α-acetoxiazadiron (3), and 16β-hydroxydisobinine (4). The cytotoxicity of compounds 1-4 was assessed by examination using the resazurin method, which showed that compound 4 was the promising constituent against the MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 43.1 µM and was stronger than its positive control.
 
Keywords: Azadirone-type limonoid, Chisocheton pentandrus, cytotoxic activity, Meliaceae.
Cationic Dye Adsorption Using Silica Xerogel from Corn Husk in A Continuous Fixed-Bed Column
Authors: Dahliyanti Ayu , Nabila Luthfia Jihan , Pratama Arka Krisna , Widharyanti Ika Dyah
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT. Silica xerogel from corn husks shows potential to be applied as an adsorbent for cationic dye removal due to its high adsorption capacity. However, the study regarding its performance in a continuous operation is still very limited, which hinders its application as a commercial adsorbent. To answer that problem, we investigate the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) dye using silica xerogel from corn husk in a continuous fixed-bed column. A breakthrough curve analysis was carried out with flow rate and bed height variations in an up-flow mode. The column effluent concentration was analyzed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The experimental data shows good agreement with the Thomas/Bohart-Adams and Yoon-Nelson model at different flow rates but has less correspondence for increasing bed height. Maximum adsorption capacities for methylene blue were 1.977 mg/g (Thomas/BA) and 1.743 mg/g (experimental). While for crystal violet the maximum adsorption capacities were 3.400 mg/g (Thomas/BA) and 4.573 mg/g (experimental).
 
Keywords: adsorption, cationic dyes, silica xerogel, fixed-bed column, mathematical model.
Fluorescent Turn-off Probe of Ni2+ Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots
Authors: Kamali SIti Raudhatul , Chen Chang-Nan , Agrawal Dinesh Chandra , Wei Tai-Huei
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: An effective and facile method of generating nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CD) by microwave irradiation is presented in this study. A precursor, succinic acid (SA), and a nitrogen source, bis-(3-aminopropyl)-amine (BAPA), were used to obtain N-CD. A precious quantum yield (QY) of 49.0% was obtained from the preparation of N-CD, which was well-soluble in water. The N-CD material was highly selective and sensitive for the detection of nickel ion (Ni2+), with a detection limit of 0.26 μM and a linear concentration range of 5-175 μM. The quenching of the N-CD by the presence of Ni2+ was referred to formation of complexes because of the interaction of Ni2+ on the N-CD. Hence, the proposed study has great promise regarding Ni2+ detection in broad applications.
 
Keywords: Microwave, Ni2+, nitrogen-doped carbon dots.
Independence and objectivity of internal auditors within provincial governance systems
Authors: Geqeza Awonke , Dubihlela Jobo
Published: August 2024

The study addresses the dearth of research on internal audit activity independence (IAAI) and internal auditors' objectivity within South Africa's (SA) provincial governance systems, despite their crucial role in government department performance. A mixed research approach was employed, using 260 purposely selected participants. Questionnaires, telephone interviews, and focus group discussions were used as data collection instruments. A triangulation of descriptive statistics and thematic analysis was applied to report the findings. The study found that management is not taking timely corrective action based on audit findings and recommendations. Internal auditors have friendship relationships with auditee employees, sectional heads are not cooperating with the internal audit function (IAF), and management has a negative perception of the IAF, viewing it more as a fault-finder than as adding value to the organization. Furthermore, the study's insights offer practical implications for improving internal audit practices within provincial governance systems, thereby facilitating better governance and operational efficiency.
Directors tenure diversity and corporate sustainability performance: The non-linear evidence from Indonesia public listed companies
Authors: Ardianto Ardianto , Cahyono Suham , Harymawan Iman
Published: August 2024

The primary objective of this study is to thoroughly investigate the association between director tenure diversity and corporate sustainability performance. This study utilizes a sample comprising 578 firm-year observations from non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. To test the hypothesis, the study employs the Ordinary Least Squares method, complemented by a series of endogeneity tests. This study reveals that the sustainability performance of corporations in Indonesia falls significantly short of satisfactory levels. Furthermore, the study indicates that there is a negative association between tenure diversity and sustainability performance, demonstrating a U-shaped curve pattern. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we performed additional analysis using coarsened exact matching and Heckman (1979) two-stage least square methodologies, confirming that the results remained consistent with those of the initial test. Intriguingly, our supplementary analyses also revealed an inverse association between tenure diversity in the boardroom and sustainability performance within companies. This study makes a significant contribution to the corporate governance literature by elucidating the inverse association between director tenure diversity and sustainability performance. In doing so, it enhances the originality and novelty of existing studies, particularly within the context of developing countries, such as Indonesia. This study exhibits novelty by embracing a quantitative approach to measure sustainability performance, revealing an intriguing inverse association between sustainability performance and ESG initiatives within the companies.