bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late Miocene climate cooling and intensification of southeast Asian winter monsoon
Authors: Holbourn Ann E. , Kuhnt Wolfgang , Clemens Steven C. , Kochhann Karlos G. D. , Jöhnck Janika , Lübbers Julia , Andersen Nils
Published: April 2018

The late Miocene offers the opportunity to assess the sensitivity of the Earth’s climate to orbital forcing and to changing boundary conditions, such as ice volume and greenhouse gas concentrations, on a warmer-than-modern Earth. Here we investigate the relationships between low- and high-latitude climate variability in an extended succession from the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean. Our high-resolution benthic isotope record in combination with paired mixed layer isotope and Mg/Ca-derived temperature data reveal that a long-term cooling trend was synchronous with intensification of the Asian winter monsoon and strengthening of the biological pump from ~7 Ma until ~5.5 Ma. The climate shift occurred at the end of a global δ13C decrease, suggesting that changes in the carbon cycle involving the terrestrial and deep ocean carbon reservoirs were instrumental in driving late Miocene climate cooling. The inception of cooler climate conditions culminated with ephemeral Northern Hemisphere glaciations between 6.0 and 5.5 Ma.
The effect of crystallite size on pressure amplification in switchable porous solids
Authors: Krause Simon , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Többens Daniel M. , Wallacher Dirk , Pillai Renjith S. , Maurin Guillaume , Kaskel Stefan
Published: April 2018

Negative gas adsorption (NGA) in ordered mesoporous solids is associated with giant contractive structural transitions traversing through metastable states. Here, by systematically downsizing the crystal dimensions of a mesoporous MOF (DUT-49) from several micrometers to less than 200 nm, counterintuitive NGA phenomena are demonstrated to critically depend on the primary crystallite size. Adsorbing probe molecules, such as n-butane or nitrogen, gives insights into size-dependent activation barriers and thermodynamics associated with guest-induced network contraction. Below a critical crystal size, the nitrogen adsorption-induced breathing is completely suppressed as detected using parallelized synchrotron X-ray diffraction–adsorption instrumentation. In contrast, even the smallest particles show NGA in the presence of n-butane, however, associated with a significantly reduced pressure amplification. Consequently, the magnitude of NGA in terms of amount of gas expulsed and pressure amplification can be tuned, potentially paving the way towards innovative concepts for pressure amplification in micro- and macro-system engineering.
Biological recognition of graphene nanoflakes
Authors: Castagnola V. , Zhao W. , Boselli L. , Lo Giudice M. C. , Meder F. , Polo E. , Paton K. R. , Backes C. , Coleman J. N. , Dawson K. A.
Published: April 2018

The systematic study of nanoparticle–biological interactions requires particles to be reproducibly dispersed in relevant fluids along with further development in the identification of biologically relevant structural details at the materials–biology interface. Here, we develop a biocompatible long-term colloidally stable water dispersion of few-layered graphene nanoflakes in the biological exposure medium in which it will be studied. We also report the study of the orientation and functionality of key proteins of interest in the biolayer (corona) that are believed to mediate most of the early biological interactions. The evidence accumulated shows that graphene nanoflakes are rich in effective apolipoprotein A-I presentation, and we are able to map specific functional epitopes located in the C-terminal portion that are known to mediate the binding of high-density lipoprotein to binding sites in receptors that are abundant in the liver. This could suggest a way of connecting the materials' properties to the biological outcomes.
Cold adaptation recorded in tree rings highlights risks associated with climate change and assisted migration
Authors: Montwé David , Isaac-Renton Miriam , Hamann Andreas , Spiecker Heinrich
Published: April 2018

With lengthening growing seasons but increased temperature variability under climate change, frost damage to plants may remain a risk and could be exacerbated by poleward planting of warm-adapted seed sources. Here, we study cold adaptation of tree populations in a wide-ranging coniferous species in western North America to inform limits to seed transfer. Using tree-ring signatures of cold damage from common garden trials designed to study genetic population differentiation, we find opposing geographic clines for spring frost and fall frost damage. Provenances from northern regions are sensitive to spring frosts, while the more productive provenances from central and southern regions are more susceptible to fall frosts. Transferring the southern, warm-adapted genotypes northward causes a significant loss of growth and a permanent rank change after a spring frost event. We conclude that cold adaptation should remain an important consideration when implementing seed transfers designed to mitigate harmful effects of climate change.
Compliant lightweight non-invasive standalone “Marine Skin” tagging system
Authors: Nassar Joanna M. , Khan Sherjeel M. , Velling Seneca J. , Diaz-Gaxiola Andrea , Shaikh Sohail F. , Geraldi Nathan R. , Torres Sevilla Galo A. , Duarte Carlos M. , Hussain Muhammad M.
Published: April 2018

Current marine research primarily depends on weighty and invasive sensory equipment and telemetric network to understand the marine environment, including the diverse fauna it contains, as a function of animal behavior and size, as well as equipment longevity. To match animal morphology and activity within the surrounding marine environment, here we show a physically flexible and stretchable skin-like and waterproof autonomous multifunctional system, integrating Bluetooth, memory chip, and high performance physical sensors. The sensory tag is mounted on a swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) and is capable of continuous logging of depth, temperature, and salinity within the harsh ocean environment. The fully packaged, ultra-lightweight (<2.4 g in water), and compliant “Marine Skin” system does not have any wired connection enabling safe and weightless cutting-edge approach to monitor and assess marine life and the ecosystem’s health to support conservation and management of marine ecosystems.
Skin infection boosts memory B-cells specific for a cryptic vaccine epitope of group A streptococcus and broadens the immune response to enhance vaccine efficacy
Authors: Pandey Manisha , Ozberk Victoria , Langshaw Emma L. , Calcutt Ainslie , Powell Jessica , Batzloff Michael R. , Rivera-Hernandez Tania , Good Michael F.
Published: April 2018

Antigenic diversity of the M protein is a major constraint to the development of immunity to group A streptococcus (GAS). We demonstrate that a conserved cryptic epitope that is unrecognized by the host immune system following infection can protect mice following vaccination, and that immunity is strengthened and broadened following successive infections. The observation that infection can boost and broaden, but cannot prime immunity to a cryptic epitope, may be exploited for vaccines for other pathogens.
Grain and starch granule morphology in superior and inferior kernels of maize in response to nitrogen
Authors: Zhao Fucheng , Jing Liquan , Wang Decheng , Bao Fei , Lu Weiping , Wang Guiyue
Published: April 2018

Maize (Zea mays L.) contributes approximately 55% of China’s grain production. The effects of nitrogen (N) on maize grain morphology and starch granules remain elusive. In this study, a field experiment in clay loam soil was conducted using three maize hybrids (Suyu 30, Suyu 20, and Suyu 29) and four N levels (0, 360, 450, and 540 kg ha−1) in 2010 and 2012. The results indicated that increased grain length and width, starch granule number, surface area, and volume, was associated with the application of 450 kg ha−1 of N. Differences between superior (ear base) and inferior (apical) grains decreased under highest yield treatments. The effects of N levels on inferior grains was more than that on superior grains. The starch granules of superior grains showed more polygonal, and bigger shape than inferior grains. The results revealed that N levels affected size and morphology of starch granules and grains. The application of 450 kg N ha−1 resulted in larger-sized starch granules and less difference between superior and inferior grains.
Clinical Assistant Diagnosis for Electronic Medical Record Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yang Zhongliang , Huang Yongfeng , Jiang Yiran , Sun Yuxi , Zhang Yu-Jin , Luo Pengcheng
Published: April 2018

Automatically extracting useful information from electronic medical records along with conducting disease diagnoses is a promising task for both clinical decision support(CDS) and neural language processing(NLP). Most of the existing systems are based on artificially constructed knowledge bases, and then auxiliary diagnosis is done by rule matching. In this study, we present a clinical intelligent decision approach based on Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN), which can automatically extract high-level semantic information of electronic medical records and then perform automatic diagnosis without artificial construction of rules or knowledge bases. We use collected 18,590 copies of the real-world clinical electronic medical records to train and test the proposed model. Experimental results show that the proposed model can achieve 98.67% accuracy and 96.02% recall, which strongly supports that using convolutional neural network to automatically learn high-level semantic features of electronic medical records and then conduct assist diagnosis is feasible and effective.
NFκB activation in differentiating glioblastoma stem-like cells is promoted by hyaluronic acid signaling through TLR4
Authors: Ferrandez Eva , Gutierrez Olga , Segundo David San , Fernandez-Luna Jose L.
Published: April 2018

We have previously described that the NFκB pathway is upregulated during differentiation of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) which keeps differentiating GSCs in a proliferative astrocytic precursor state. However, extracellular signals and cellular mediators of this pathway are not clear yet. Here, we show that TLR4 is a key factor to promote NFκB activation in differentiating GSCs. TLR4 is upregulated during differentiation of GSCs and promotes transcriptional activation of NFκB as determined by luciferase-reporter assays and expression of NFκB target genes. Downregulation of TLR4 by shRNAs or blockade with anti-TLR4 specific antibodies drastically inhibited NFκB activity which promoted further differentiation and reduced proliferation of GSCs. We found that hyaluronic acid (HA), a main component of brain extracellular matrix, triggers the TLR4-NFκB pathway in differentiating GSCs. Moreover, HA is synthesized and released by GSCs undergoing differentiation and leads to transcriptional activation of NFκB, which is inhibited following downregulation of TLR4 or blockade of HA synthesis. Thus, we have demonstrated that during the process of differentiation, GSCs upregulate TLR4 and release the TLR4 ligand HA, which activates the TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway. This strategy may efficiently be used by differentiating GSCs to maintain their proliferative potential and consequently their tumorigenic capacity.
Gas permeation through rubbery polymer nano-corrugated membranes
Authors: Firpo Giuseppe , Angeli Elena , Guida Patrizia , Savio Roberto Lo , Repetto Luca , Valbusa Ugo
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this investigation is to fabricate PDMS membranes with reliable surface roughness in order to reduce the surface resistances and to study its impact on the permeation rate. The permeance of CO2through PDMS membranes with rough surfaces at nanoscale is studied and compared with the one of membranes with flat surfaces. At very low thickness, rough membranes have a permeance greater than that of membranes with flat surfaces. The enhancement occurs in a regime where the gas transport is sorption desorption surface rate limited, and cannot be explained by the increase in surface area due to the corrugation. The analysis, introducing a phenomenological model in analogy with electrical flow, indicates that nano-corrugation reduces the surface resistance. To test the model, the permeance of N2is also measured in the same experimental conditions and the influence of surface roughness on permeation rate of CO2, He, CH4and N2is studied. The comparison among the gases suggests that the Henry’s coefficient depends on the surface roughness and allows discussing the role of roughness on membrane selectivity.
Pregnancy-associated diamine oxidase originates from extravillous trophoblasts and is decreased in early-onset preeclampsia
Authors: Velicky Philipp , Windsperger Karin , Petroczi Karin , Pils Sophie , Reiter Birgit , Weiss Tamara , Vondra Sigrid , Ristl Robin , Dekan Sabine , Fiala Christian , Cantonwine David E. , McElrath Thomas F. , Jilma Bernd , Knöfler Martin , Boehm Thomas , Pollheimer Jürgen
Published: April 2018

Human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the pregnant uterus constitutes a pivotal event for the establishment of the maternal-fetal interface. Compromised EVT function manifesting in inadequate arterial remodeling is associated with the severe pregnancy disorder early-onset preeclampsia (eoPE). Recent studies suggest that EVTs invade the entire uterine vasculature including arteries, veins and lymphatics in the first trimester of pregnancy. We therefore hypothesized that EVT-derived factors accumulate in the circulation of pregnant women early in gestation and may serve to predict eoPE. In contrast to published literature, we demonstrate that placenta-associated diamine oxidase (DAO) is not expressed by maternal decidual cells but solely by EVTs, especially when in close proximity to decidual vessels. Cultures of primary EVTs express and secret large amounts of bioactive DAO. ELISA measurements indicate a pregnancy-specific rise in maternal DAO plasma levels around gestational week (GW) 7 coinciding with vascular invasion of EVTs. Strikingly, DAO levels from eoPE cases were significantly lower (40%) compared to controls in the first trimester of pregnancy but revealed no difference at mid gestation. Furthermore, DAO-containing pregnancy plasma rapidly inactivates pathophysiologically relevant histamine levels. This study represents the first proof of concept suggesting EVT-specific signatures as diagnostic targets for the prediction of eoPE.
aPKCζ-dependent Repression of Yap is Necessary for Functional Restoration of Irradiated Salivary Glands with IGF-1
Authors: Chibly Alejandro M. , Wong Wen Yu , Pier Maricela , Cheng Hongqiang , Mu Yongxin , Chen Ju , Ghosh Sourav , Limesand Kirsten H.
Published: April 2018

Xerostomia and salivary hypofunction often result as a consequence of radiation therapy for head and neck cancers, which are diagnosed in roughly 60,000 individuals every year in the U.S. Due to the lack of effective treatments for radiation-induced salivary hypofunction, stem cell-based therapies have been suggested to regenerate the irradiated salivary glands. Pharmacologically, restoration of salivary gland function has been accomplished in mice by administering IGF-1 shortly after radiation treatment, but it is not known if salivary stem and progenitor cells play a role. We show that radiation inactivates aPKCζ and promotes nuclear redistribution of Yap in a population of label-retaining cells in the acinar compartment of the parotid gland (PG)– which comprises a heterogeneous pool of salivary progenitors. Administration of IGF-1 post-radiation maintains activation of aPKCζ and partially rescues Yap’s cellular localization in label retaining cells, while restoring salivary function. Finally, IGF-1 fails to restore saliva production in mice lacking aPKCζ, demonstrating the importance of the kinase as a potential therapeutic target.
Ultrafast zero-bias photocurrent and terahertz emission in hybrid perovskites
Authors: Obraztsov Petr A. , Lyashenko Dmitry , Chizhov Pavel A. , Konishi Kuniaki , Nemoto Natsuki , Kuwata-Gonokami Makoto , Welch Eric , Obraztsov Alexander N. , Zakhidov Alex
Published: April 2018

Methylammonium lead iodide is a benchmark hybrid organic perovskite material used for low-cost printed solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of over 20%. Nevertheless, the nature of light–matter interaction in hybrid perovskites and the exact physical mechanism underlying device operation are currently debated. Here, we report room temperature, ultrafast photocurrent generation, and free-space terahertz emission from unbiased hybrid perovskites induced by femtosecond light pulses. The polarization dependence of the observed photoresponse is consistent with the bulk photovoltaic effect caused by a combination of injection and shift currents. Observation of this type of photocurrents sheds light on the low recombination and long carrier diffusion lengths arising from the indirect bandgap in CH3NH3PbI3. Naturally ballistic shift and injection photocurrents may enable third-generation perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding the Shockley–Queisser limit. The demonstrated control over photocurrents with light polarization also opens new venues toward perovskite spintronics and tunable THz devices.
Effects of heat treatment atmosphere on the structure and activity of Pt3Sn nanoparticle electrocatalysts: a characterisation case study
Authors: Huang Haoliang , Nassr Abu Bakr Ahmed Amine , Celorrio Verónica , Taylor S. F. Rebecca , Puthiyapura Vinod Kumar , Hardacre Christopher , Brett Dan J. L. , Russell Andrea E.
Published: April 2018

In this work, a variation in heat treatment atmosphere approach is taken to provide a series of related PtSn catalysts with the same nominal composition of Pt3Sn, but with different surface compositions.
Electrochemical sensing of NBOMes and other new psychoactive substances in blotting paper by square-wave voltammetry on a boron-doped diamond electrode
Authors: Souza Glayton A. , Pimentel Dilton M. , Lima Amanda B. , Guedes Tiago J. , Arantes Luciano C. , de Oliveira Anderson C. , Sousa Raquel M. F. , Muñoz Rodrigo A. A. , dos Santos Wallans T. P.
Published: April 2018

The electrochemical quantification of NBOMes and their correlates in seized blotting paper is presented.
A protein structure-guided covalent scaffold selectively targets the B1 and B2 subclass metallo-β-lactamases
Authors: Chen Cheng , Xiang Yang , Yang Ke-Wu , Zhang Yuejuan , Wang Wen-Ming , Su Jian-Peng , Ge Ying , Liu Ya
Published: April 2018

We report the discovery of ebselen-based dual covalent inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases.
Minimising conformational bias in fluoroprolines through vicinal difluorination
Authors: Hofman Gert-Jan , Ottoy Emile , Light Mark E. , Kieffer Bruno , Kuprov Ilya , Martins Jose C. , Sinnaeve Davy , Linclau Bruno
Published: April 2018

Combining the 4S-fluoro and 3R-fluoromotifs, which each instill an opposing conformational bias, leads to a fluorinated proline with a similar conformational profile to proline.
Efficient separation of C2H2from C2H2/CO2mixtures in an acid–base resistant metal–organic framework
Authors: Zhang Ling , Jiang Ke , Li Libo , Xia Yu-Pei , Hu Tong-Liang , Yang Yu , Cui Yuanjing , Li Bin , Chen Banglin , Qian Guodong
Published: April 2018

An acid–base resistant metal–organic framework,ZJU-196, for excellent C2H2/CO2separation has been successfully synthesised.
Spectroscopic evidence for hydration and dehydration of lipid bilayers upon interaction with metal ions: a new physical insight
Authors: Kanti De Soumya , Kanwa Nishu , Ahamed Mirajuddin , Chakraborty Anjan
Published: April 2018

In this manuscript, we investigate the interactions of different metal ions with zwitterionic phospholipid bilayers of different chain lengths using the well-known membrane probe PRODAN and steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.
Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin for efficient cofactor regeneration under visible light and its immobilization
Authors: Wang Yanzi , Sun Jing , Zhang Haohai , Zhao Zhiping , Liu Wenfang
Published: April 2018

TCPP was successfully used for visible light-driven NADH regeneration with a high yield of 81.5% and its immobilization was attempted.
Recyclable cobalt(0) nanoparticle catalysts for hydrogenations
Authors: Büschelberger Philipp , Reyes-Rodriguez Efrain , Schöttle Christian , Treptow Jens , Feldmann Claus , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel , Wolf Robert
Published: April 2018

Small Co(0) nanoparticles catalyze hydrogenations of alkenes, alkynes, imines, and heteroarenes; the magnetic properties enabled catalyst separation and multiple recyclings.
An artificial metalloenzyme for carbene transfer based on a biotinylated dirhodium anchored within streptavidin
Authors: Zhao Jingming , Bachmann Daniel G. , Lenz Markus , Gillingham Dennis G. , Ward Thomas R.
Published: April 2018

We report an artificial carbenoid transferase which combines a biotinylated dirhodium moiety within streptavidin scaffold.
Towards deriving Ni-rich cathode and oxide-based anode materials from hydroxides by sharing a facile co-precipitation method
Authors: Qiu Haifa , Du Tengfei , Wu Junfeng , Wang Yonglong , Liu Jian , Ye Shihai , Liu Sheng
Published: April 2018

A facile co-precipitation method is shared to derive Ni-rich cathode and oxide-based anode materials with remarkable electrochemical performance.
New Ni4Na2-phenylgermsesquioxane architecture: synthesis, structure and slow dynamic behaviour
Authors: Kulakova Alena N. , Bilyachenko Alexey N. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Long Jérôme , Levitsky Mikhail M. , Shubina Elena S. , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia
Published: April 2018

The first Ni(ii)-based germaniumsesquioxane cage compound [(PhGeO1.5)10(NiO)4(NaO0.5)2] presents a unique sandwich-like structure and exhibits slow dynamics of the magnetization.
Modern science of a legacy problem: mercury biogeochemical research after the Minamata Convention
Authors: Hsu-Kim Heileen , Eckley Chris S. , Selin Noelle E.
Published: April 2018

Guest editors Heileen Hsu-Kim, Chris Eckley, and Noelle Selin introduce the Mercury Biogeochemistry, Exposure, and Impacts themed issue of Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts.
A study of dynamic nanoscale corrosion initiation events using HS-AFM
Authors: Moore Stacy , Burrows Robert , Picco Loren , Martin Tomas L. , Greenwell Scott J. , Scott Thomas B. , Payton Oliver D.
Published: April 2018

Using HS-AFM measurements it was possible to calculate, and subsequently model, the volumes of metal reacting with respect to time, and so the current densities and ionic fluxes at work. In this manner, the local electrochemistry at nanoscale reaction sites may be reconstructed.
Fabrication and characterization of complex nanoparticles based on carboxymethyl short chain amylose and chitosan by ionic gelation
Authors: Ji Na , Hong Yan , Gu Zhengbiao , Cheng Li , Li Zhaofeng , Li Caiming
Published: April 2018

The combination of carboxymethyl short chain amylose with chitosan could be considered as a candidate for oral delivery of insulin.
Wheat bran with enriched gamma-aminobutyric acid attenuates glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia induced by a high-fat diet
Authors: Shang Wenting , Si Xu , Zhou Zhongkai , Strappe Padraig , Blanchard Chris
Published: April 2018

In this study, the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in wheat bran was increased to be six times higher and the new bran had a greater capacity for weight control in high-fat diet than untreated bran.
d-Tagatose manufacture through bio-oxidation of galactitol derived from waste xylose mother liquor
Authors: Sha Feng , Zheng Yucong , Chen Jiao , Chen Kequan , Cao Fei , Yan Ming , Ouyang Pingkai
Published: April 2018

Practical “green” manufacture ofd-tagatose through a bi-enzymatic coupled system from galactitol refined from the waste xylose mother liquor is presented.
Survey of short and long cuprophilic d10–d10contacts for tetranuclear copper clusters. Understanding of bonding and ligand role from a planar superatom perspective
Authors: Claveria-Cadiz Francisca , Arratia-Perez Ramiro , Guajardo-Maturana Raúl , Muñoz-Castro Alvaro
Published: April 2018

Polynuclear copper(i) complexes involving d10–d10interactions have been studied to a lesser extent in comparison to their gold counterparts.
Exploring the optical properties of La2Hf2O7:Pr3+ nanoparticles under UV and X-ray excitation for potential lighting and scintillating applications
Authors: Zuniga Jose P. , Gupta Santosh K. , Pokhrel Madhab , Mao Yuanbing
Published: April 2018

New optical material of La2Hf2O7:Pr3+ nanoparticles with efficient luminescence and scintillating properties have drawn a great deal of attention due to the demand for optoelectronic devices and medical theranostics.
A highly sensitive pyridine-dicarbohydrazide based chemosensor for colorimetric recognition of Cu2+, AMP2−, F−and AcO−ions
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Jain Harshita , Gahlyan Parveen , Joshi Ankita , Ramachandran C. N.
Published: April 2018

A single colorimetric chemosensor for the detection of both Cu2+and AMP2−ions has been developed for the first time.
Development of a mitochondrial-targeted two-photon fluorescence turn-on probe for formaldehyde and its bio-imaging applications in living cells and tissues
Authors: Xu An , Tang Yonghe , Lin Weiying
Published: April 2018

The first mitochondrial-targeted two-photon fluorescence probe (MT-FA) for formaldehyde (FA) was engineered for monitoring FA in the mitochondria of living cells and liver tissues in one- and two-photon modes.
Atomic origins of high electrochemical CO2reduction efficiency on nanoporous gold
Authors: Zhang Weiqing , He Jia , Liu Siyu , Niu Wenxin , Liu Pan , Zhao Yang , Pang Fangjie , Xi Wei , Chen Mingwei , Zhang Wei , Pang Su-Seng , Ding Yi
Published: April 2018

Low-coordinated surface atoms of nanoporous gold are responsible for high performance electrochemical CO2reduction to CO.
Investigating the dynamics of excitons in monolayer WSe2 before and after organic super acid treatment
Authors: Chen Xin , Wang Zhuo , Wang Lei , Wang Hai-Yu , Yue Yuan-Yuan , Wang Hai , Wang Xue-Peng , Wee Andrew T. S. , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: April 2018

Exciton dynamics of monolayer WSe2 before and after organic super acid treatment investigated by broadband transient absorption spectroscopy.
Mechanistic insights into the inhibition and size effects of graphene oxide nanosheets on the aggregation of an amyloid-β peptide fragment
Authors: Chen Yujie , Chen Zihan , Sun Yunxiang , Lei Jiangtao , Wei Guanghong
Published: April 2018

Graphene oxide inhibits the formation of toxic Aβ33–42 oligomers and fibrils by separating peptides from each other through strong binding with M35.
In situ glyco-nanostructure formulation via photo-polymerization induced self-assembly
Authors: Ferji Khalid , Venturini Pierre , Cleymand Franck , Chassenieux Christophe , Six Jean-Luc
Published: April 2018

A broad set of advanced glyco-nanostructures, rarely obtained as vesicles or never reported as wormlike micelles, is obtained using photo-initiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (Photo-PISA).
An enhanced power factor via multilayer growth of Ag-doped skutterudite CoSb3 thin films
Authors: Zheng Zhuang-Hao , Wei Meng , Luo Jing-Ting , Li Fu , Liang Guang-Xing , Liang Yan , Hao Jin , Ma Hong-Li , Zhang Xiang-Hua , Fan Ping
Published: April 2018

The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of the CoSb3 thin films are enhanced after Ag doping, leading to substantial enhancement of the power factor.
Digestive ripening in the formation of monodisperse silver nanospheres
Authors: Zhang Shumeng , Zhang Lei , Liu Kai , Liu Moxuan , Yin Yadong , Gao Chuanbo
Published: April 2018

Hydrophilic monodisperse silver nanospheres were synthesized by digestive ripening with decoupled etching and surface stabilization using two independent chemical agents.
Charge-transfer complexes based on C2v-symmetric benzo[ghi]perylene: comparison of their dynamic and electronic properties with those of D6h-symmetric coronene
Authors: Yoshida Yukihiro , Tango Shunsuke , Isomura Kazuhide , Nakamura Yuto , Kishida Hideo , Koretsune Takashi , Sakata Masafumi , Nakano Yoshiaki , Yamochi Hideki , Saito Gunzi
Published: April 2018

Dynamic and electronic properties of benzo[ghi]perylene were investigated.
Ionic liquids-ultrasound based efficient extraction of flavonoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins from licorice
Authors: Ji Shuai , Wang Yujie , Su Zhenyu , He Dandan , Du Yan , Guo Mengzhe , Yang Dongzhi , Tang Daoquan
Published: April 2018

An ionic liquids-ultrasound based method for efficient extraction of flavonoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins from licorice was established.
Synthesis and performance of solid proton conductor molybdovanadosilicic acid
Authors: Xie Zhirong , Wu Han , Wu Qingyin , Ai Limei
Published: April 2018

A novel Keggin-type proton conductor shows high proton conductivity, reaching 5.70 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room conditions.
Spatially resolved acyl transfer on surface by organo-catalytic scanning probe nanolithography (o-cSPL)
Authors: Botton Julien , Gratzer Katharina , François Cyril , Mesquita Vincent , Patrone Lionel , Balaban Teodor S. , Clair Sylvain , Parrain Jean-Luc , Chuzel Olivier
Published: April 2018

Local and catalytic acyl transfer for multipatterning of surfaces.
Long-lived protein expression in hydrogel particles: towards artificial cells
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Wu Han , Cui Miao , Lai Sze Nga , Zheng Bo
Published: April 2018

A new artificial cell was capable of long-lived protein expression and supported gene regulation and genetic oscillators.
Solar-assisted fast cleanup of heavy oil spills using a photothermal sponge
Authors: Chang Jian , Shi Yusuf , Wu Mengchun , Li Renyuan , Shi Le , Jin Yong , Qing Weihua , Tang Chuyang , Wang Peng
Published: April 2018

Photothermal material-assisted solar-driven heavy oil removal is promising for highly viscous oil-spill cleanup.
Photogenerated-carrier separation along edge dislocation of WO3single-crystal nanoflower photoanode
Authors: Bu Yuyu , Ren Jun , Zhang Huawei , Yang Dongjiang , Chen Zhuoyuan , Ao Jin-Ping
Published: April 2018

Edge dislocation on WO3nanosheet can induce a crystal face heterojunction system to promote the separation efficiency of photogenerated carrier.
High oxide-ion conductivity in Si-deficient La9.565(Si5.826□0.174)O26apatite without interstitial oxygens due to the overbonded channel oxygens
Authors: Fujii Kotaro , Yashima Masatomo , Hibino Keisuke , Shiraiwa Masahiro , Fukuda Koichiro , Nakayama Susumu , Ishizawa Nobuo , Hanashima Takayasu , Ohhara Takashi
Published: April 2018

Overbonding of the channel oxygens in the apatite-type lanthanum silicates was found to be a key for the high oxide-ion conductivities by the present single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction studies.
Electronic implications of organic nitrogen lone pairs in lead iodide perovskites
Authors: Kasel Thomas W. , Hendon Christopher H.
Published: April 2018

Nitrogen lone pairs unfavorably contribute to the valence band in hybrid halide perovskite architectures.
High contrast gasochromism of wet processable thin film with chromic and catalytic nanoparticles
Authors: Hu Chih-Wei , Yamada Yasusei , Yoshimura Kazuki , Takahashi Akira , Watanabe Hiroshi , Tajima Kazuki , Kawamoto Tohru
Published: April 2018

We demonstrate high contrast gasochromism in a thin film produced by combining chromic Prussian blue nanoparticles and catalytic platinum nanoparticles, applied by sequential wet-coating onto a substrate.
Lucky Spectroscopy, an equivalent technique to Lucky Imaging
Authors: Maíz Apellániz J. , Barbá R. H. , Simón-Díaz S. , Sota A. , Trigueros Páez E. , Caballero J. A. , Alfaro E. J.
Published: April 2018

Context. Many massive stars have nearby companions whose presence hamper their characterization through spectroscopy.

Aims. We want to obtain spatially resolved spectroscopy of close massive visual binaries to derive their spectral types.

Methods. We obtained a large number of short long-slit spectroscopic exposures of five close binaries under good seeing conditions. We selected those with the best characteristics, extracted the spectra using multiple-profile fitting, and combined the results to derive spatially separated spectra.

Results. We demonstrate the usefulness of Lucky Spectroscopy by presenting the spatially resolved spectra of the components of each system, in two cases with separations of only ~0.′′3. Those are δ Ori Aa+Ab (resolved in the optical for the first time) and σ Ori AaAb+B (first time ever resolved). We also spatially resolve 15 Mon AaAb+B, ζ Ori AaAb+B (both previously resolved with GOSSS, the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey), and η Ori AaAb+B, a system with two spectroscopic B+B binaries and a fifth visual component. The systems have in common that they are composed of an inner pair of slow rotators orbited by one or more fast rotators, a characteristic that could have consequences for the theories of massive star formation.
L’actualité scientifique vue par les étudiants de l’AMPS
Authors: Benani Alaedine , Gaudet Camille , Varennes Olivier , Vellas Dylan
Published: April 2018

Les Brèves de ce numéro sont publiées dans le cadre d’un partenariat entre l’Association Médecine/Pharmacie/Sciences (AMPS) et médecine/sciences.

« l’AMPS rassemble les étudiants des double cursus médecine-sciences et pharmacie-sciences en France, et encourage les interactions entre la médecine et les sciences fondamentales. Son objectif est de regrouper les expertises scientifiques et cliniques de personnes mues par la même vision de la recherche scientifique et médicale française et de permettre à ses membres de bénéficier d’un échange rapide d’informations concernant les formations, les universités, les laboratoires et les avancées dans différentes disciplines. »
Un nouveau modèle de souris pour comprendre le rôle des neutrophiles
Authors: Gillis Caitlin M. , Reber Laurent L.
Published: April 2018

Les polynucléaires neutrophiles jouent un rôle important dans les défenses contre les pathogènes et la réponse inflammatoire. L’utilisation de souris déficientes en ces cellules a permis de démontrer que les neutrophiles peuvent également participer aux réponses immunitaires adaptatives et à la résolution de l’inflammation. Nous décrivons ici un nouveau modèle d’étude, les souris PMNDTR, qui permet une élimination sélective des neutrophiles par injection de toxine diphtérique, et qui a déjà conduit à la mise en évidence d’un rôle protecteur des neutrophiles dans le choc endotoxinique. Ses principaux avantages par rapport à d’autres modèles couramment utilisés sont décrits.
Monodisperse Rattle-Structured Gold Nanorod-Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Core–Shell as Sulforaphane Carrier and its Sustained-Release Property
Authors: Manjili Hamidreza , Ma’mani Leila , Naderi-Manesh Hossein
Published: April 2018

Sulforaphane (SF) was loaded into the multi-functioned rattle-structured gold nanorod mesoporous silica nanoparticles core-shell to improve its stability and efficacy through its efficient delivery to tumors. The rattle-structured gold nanorod mesoporous silica nanoparticles (rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2 core-shell NPs) were obtained by covering the surface of Au NPs with Ag and mSiO2 shell and subsequently selective Ag shell etching strategy. Then the surface of rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2 NPs was decorated with thiolated polyethylene glycol-FITC and thiolated polyethylene glycol-folic acid to the designed form. The obtained FITC/FA@ [rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2] NPs was characterized by different techniques including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM), UV-visible spectrophotometer and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The FITC/FA@ [rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2] NPs has an average diameter around ~33 nm, which increases to ~38 nm after the loading of sulforaphane. The amount of the loaded drug was ~ 2.8×10-4 mol of SF per gram of FITC/FA@ [rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2] NPs. The rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2 and FITC/FA@ [rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2] NPs showed little inherent cytotoxicity, whereas the SF loaded FITC/FA@ [rattle-structured AuNR@mSiO2] NPs was highly cytotoxic in the case of MCF-7 cell line. Finally, Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to demonstrate that the nanoparticles could be accumulated in specific regions and SF loaded FITC/FA@ [Fe3O4@Au] NPs efficiently induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line Graphical Abstract.
Hafer bei Typ-2-Diabetes: Eine Renaissance
Authors: Zerm Roland , Kröz Matthias
Published: April 2018

Hafer spielte viele Jahrzehnte lang eine wichtige Rolle in der diätetischen Therapie von Diabetes mellitus. Mit der Entdeckung des Insulins durch Frederick G. Banting und Charles H. Best 1921 und im weiteren Verlauf durch die Verbreitung oraler Antidiabetika geriet Hafer als Therapeutikum zunehmend in Vergessenheit. Doch in den vergangenen 15 Jahren erlebt er eine regelrechte Renaissance, insbesondere in der Behandlung der Insulinresistenz bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. Standen zunächst die guten klinischen Erfahrungen im Vordergrund, konnten in den letzten Jahren immer mehr wissenschaftliche Daten zur Wirksamkeit sowie Erkenntnisse zu möglichen Wirkmechanismen auf molekularbiologischer Ebene gewonnen werden.
Expositionsbehandlung mithilfe einer Defibrillatorweste bei schwerer Zwangsstörung und angeborenem Long-QT-Syndrom
Authors: Sinowatz Fabian , Jilek Clemens , Cuntz Ulrich , Greetfeld Martin , Hopfner Petra , Pache Jürgen , Voderholzer Ulrich
Published: April 2018

Wir berichten über einen Fall einer jungen Patientin mit Zwangsstörung, die zugleich an einer schweren kardialen Grunderkrankung litt. Durch die somatische Komorbidität war die leitliniengerechte Durchführung der Expositionstherapie mit Reaktionsmanagement zunächst nicht möglich, ohne die Patientin vital zu gefährden. Durch eine enge Kooperation mit einer kardiologischen Abteilung konnte eine innovative Lösung gefunden werden, welche die Durchführung der Expositionstherapie ermöglichte. Der Fallbericht ist ein Beispiel für gelungene interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und soll den Leser darauf aufmerksam machen, dass vor der Einleitung von Expositionsbehandlungen in seltenen Fällen auch somatische Kontraindikationen zu prüfen sind.
Use of Palivizumab in Germany – Report from the German Synagis™ Registry 2009 – 2016
Authors: Simon Arne , Gehrmann Susanne , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Wagenpfeil Stefan
Published: April 2018

Background Following national recommendations, palivizumab is administered in Germany to high-risk infants to prevent hospitalizations related to Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection.

Methods In this post marketing observational study (German SYNAGIS™ Registry) data on risk factors and the clinical course of children, who received at least one palivizumab injection between 2009–2016 (01 September to June 30) were entered into an internet-based data entry system by the attending physicians after informed consent.

Results 63 572 immunizations were documented for 12 729 evaluable patients (EVP) from 2009 to 2016, with an average of 5.0 immunizations per patient per season. 45% of infants received more than 5 injections. The predominant primary reason for immunization was premature birth (74%). In the EVP the rate of hospitalizations with causal relationship to RSV was 0.7% (=92/12 729) or 1.2% in a worst case scenario including patients with missing RSV test. In patients with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease as main indication, RSV-related hospitalization rate was 0.8%. Intensive care was necessary in 16.9% (median duration 3 days), mechanical ventilation in 8.0%. No death related to RSV infection was reported.

Conclusion Keeping in mind the limitations of an uncontrolled prospective observational study, our results confirm the effectiveness and safety of palivizumab prophylaxis. The total number of patients with hsCHD is lower than expected. A better adjustment to the regional epidemiology would probably reduce the need for more than 5 injections.
Heftiger streit um die Notfallversorgung: Schwerer Job für GBA-Chef Hecken
Authors: Weber Michael
Published: April 2018

Über die neuen Regelungen für Strukturvorgaben zur stationären Notfallversorgung ist kurz vor der geplanten Entscheidung im G-BA ein heftiger Streit entbrannt. Das Auftreten des GKV-Spitzenverbands sorgt für reichlich Ärger im Kliniklager, der G-BA musste die Entscheidung vertagen.
Rechtskolumne: Zankapfel „beatmungsfreie Intervalle“
Authors: Rybak Christian
Published: April 2018

Die korrekte Feststellung der Beatmungsdauer ist ein ständiges Streitthema zwischen Krankenhäusern und den Kostenträgern. Nun hat das Bundessozialgericht (BSG) über die Abrechnung beatmungsfreier Intervalle entschieden – und folgt dabei grundsätzlich der Lesart des MDK.
Klinikunternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: April 2018

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse* ausgewählter Kliniken*Quelle: elektronischer Bundesanzeiger und Geschäftsberichte
Elektronische Gesundheitsakte: Kampfansage aus Cupertino
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: April 2018

Apple bringt noch im Frühjahr eine mobile elektronische Gesundheitsakte auf das iPhone. Der Clou der Funktion namens „Heath Records“: Sie beherrscht die HL7-Standard FHIR zum Austausch von Medizindaten und versteht den HL7-Standard CDA. So ausgestattet, könnte sie mit vielen KIS kommunizieren. Damit nicht genug: Apple baut nun auch Kliniken für die eigenen Mitarbeiter.
Editorial: Hoch Innovativ, Mittelständisch
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: April 2018

Kleinstroboter transportieren Medikamente in den Körper, Hörgeräte lassen sich mit dem Smartphone steuern. Die Miniaturisierung und Digitalisierung hält Einzug in die Medizintechnik. Das schafft den Entwicklern Raum für viele neue Produkte und Dienstleistungen. Gleichzeitig steigt der Wert von Medizinprodukten im Krankenhaus: Endoskope verschwinden auf rätselhafte Weise. Die MedTech-Branche ist hoch innovativ und mittelständisch geprägt. Nahezu 92 Prozent der Unternehmen beschäftigen weniger als 250 Mitarbeiter. Aber auch Firmen wie Fresenius oder B. Braun , die sich auf internationalem Parkett einen Namen gemacht haben, mischen in der Branche kräftig mit.
Endoskopie: Funktionsbereich der Endoskopie gewinnt an Bedeutung
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: April 2018

Durch eine Weiterentwicklung in der Bildgebung, neue Instrumente und in naher Zukunft vielleicht auch durch künstliche Intelligenz wird die Endoskopie die Versorgungsqualität und Effizienz in Kliniken auch in Zukunft wesentlich beeinflussen“, so Prof. Dr. Horst Neuhaus.
Neuartige Knochenfeder: „Das funktioniert wie beim Korkenzieher“
Authors: Fockele Jan
Published: April 2018

Das Unternehmen H&R Medizintechnik aus Nordrhein-Westfalen hat eine Knochenfeder zur Stabilisierung von Knochenbrüchen entwickelt, die diverse Vorteile gegenüber den Verriegelungsnägeln und Platten aufweist. Im Interview beschreibt Dr. Martin Sattler, Oberarzt im Johannes Wesling Klinikum Minden, seine Erfahrungen mit dem Implantat „Bonehelix“.
Sprechstunde in der PR-Ambulanz: Warum fühlen sich meine Mitarbeiter so häufig schlecht informiert?
Authors: Endele Kerstin
Published: April 2018

Kerstin Endele ist zur Hälfte Journalistin und zur Hälfte Biochemikerin. Seit mehr als 15 Jahren ist sie Expertin für Gesundheitskommunikation und war fünf Jahre Kommunikationschefin und Pressesprecherin der Charité. Wenn sie nicht Klinikvorstände aus Krisen rettet und Pressesprechern diverser Krankenhäuser dabei hilft, ein bisschen Strategie ins übliche Chaos zu bringen, betreibt sie mit der PR-Ambulanz (www.pr-ambulanz.com) einen der größten Blogs zur Klinikkommunikation in Deutschland.
Iron-Catalyzed Carboiodination of Alkynes
Authors: Li You-Gui , Bao Hongli , Deng Weili , Li Yajun
Published: April 2018

An iron-catalyzed carboiodination of alkynes with alkyl iodides­ at room temperature was developed. This method could provide synthetically useful vinyl iodides with general alkyl chains, fluoroalkyl group, ester, and cyano group. Conjugated alkynes or unconjugated alkynes were both suitable for this transformation. A radical pathway was proposed for the mechanism and acetyl tert-butyl peroxide was selected as the radical initiator. Alkenes could also be applied to this chemistry and produce more complex alkyl iodides.
Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles via Annulation of Hydrazides and Benzene-1,3,5-triyl Triformate under Metal-Free Conditions
Authors: Stewart Scott , Wu Xiao-Feng , Yin Zhiping , Power Dennis , Wang Zechao
Published: April 2018

A new and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles via the annulation of hydrazides with benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) under metal-free conditions is reported. A broad range of hydrazides were transformed into the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazoles in good yields with excellent functional group tolerance.
Invited Article: Refined analysis of synchrotron radiation for NIST’s SURF III facility
Authors: Shirley Eric L. , Furst Mitchell , Arp Uwe
Published: April 2018

We have developed a new method for the exact calculation of synchrotron radiation for the National Institute of Standards and Technology Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility, SURF III. Instead of using the Schwinger formula, which is only an approximation, we develop formulae based on Graf’s addition theorem for Bessel functions and accurate asymptotic expansions for Hankel functions and Bessel functions. By measuring the radiation intensity profile at two distances from the storage ring, we also confirm an apparent vertical emittance that is consistent with the vertical betatron oscillations that are intentionally introduced to extend beam lifetime by spreading the electron beam spatially. Finally, we determine how much diffraction by beamline apertures enhances the spectral irradiance at an integrating sphere entrance port at the end station. This should eliminate small but treatable components of the uncertainty budget that one should consider when using SURF III or similar synchrotrons as standard, calculable sources of ultraviolet and other radiation.
Cryocooler based test setup for high current applications
Authors: Pradhan Jedidiah , Das Nisith Kr. , Roy Anindya , Duttagupta Anjan
Published: April 2018

A cryo-cooler based cryogenic test setup has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The setup incorporates two numbers of cryo-coolers, one for sample cooling and the other one for cooling the large magnet coil. The performance and versatility of the setup has been tested using large samples of high-temperature superconductor magnet coil as well as short samples with high current. Several un-calibrated temperature sensors have been calibrated using this system. This paper presents the details of the system along with results of different performance tests.
Temperature dependent Raman investigation of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Dilawar Sharma Nita , Singh Jasveer , Vijay Aditi
Published: April 2018

We report anomalous observations in our investigations of the temperature dependent Raman spectroscopic measurement of multiwall carbon nanotubes. The Micro-Raman spectra were recorded with the laser source having 514.5 nm wavelength and within the temperature range of 80–440 K. The major Raman bands, the G and D band, are observed at 1584 and 1348 cm−1, respectively, at ambient. The absence of the radial breathing mode confirms the multiwall nature of carbon nanotubes. It has been observed that with an increase in the temperature above 120 K, there is a shift in Raman bands towards the higher wave-number region. However, a drop in the G and D bands is observed from 80 to 120 K which was not observed for the second order band. Thereafter, all Raman modes exhibited mode hardening up to about 320 K followed by mild softening of the phonon modes. Linear temperature coefficients were found to have higher contribution to mode hardening as compared to higher order terms. Total anharmonicity estimation shows a predominant effect of the quasi-harmonic term as compared to the true anharmonic term.