bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bezpieczeństwo ekonomiczne Republiki Białoruś w dobie kryzysu polityczno-gospodarczego lat 2020-połowa 2021
Authors: Kosowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

Republic of Belarus begins the third decade of the 21st century with numerous problems, which include the unstable socio-political situation, broken dialogue and relations with the international environment, and Western sanctions. All these factors have caused a lot of turbulence in the Belarusian economy. This article is an attempt to examine the economic security of Belarus in the period of the depletion of the current economic model, the reduction of Russian energy subsidies, the Covid-19 pandemic and the political crisis resulting from the rigged presidential elections in August 2020. Data from the Belarusian Bielstat database, the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and rating agencies will be used as source materials.
American Commonalities and Roots of European Integration
Authors: Reichardt David
Published: January 2022

This article looks deeply into the historical parallels between the American and European experiences of state integration, which have resulted in the United States of America and the European Union, respectively. It first defines the key international relations concept of state integration and compares American and European thought on the idea. It then turns to examine some of the highpoints in the history of integration in the American and European cases. Given the remarkable historical commonalties between the two processes, the article puts forward the idea of the American experience as a chief inspiration and source for European integration. It concludes by suggesting that without the historical example of the United States, as well as massive American post-war assistance to Europe, it is highly doubtful that European integration would have commenced when and as it did.
Роль программирования в современном мире
Authors: Эркенова М.У. , Богатырева Д.А.
Published: January 2022

Высокие технологии стремительно развиваются. Еще десятки лет назад сложно было представить, какое значение будут играть в современном обществе компьютеры и специальные программы. На данный момент виртуальный мир не только позволяет находить полезную информацию, но и общаться с друзьями, завязывать новые знакомства, развлекаться и заниматься научной работой.
Виджеты как эффективный способ оптимизации web-сайта
Authors: Эркенова М.У. , Бытдаева Л.И.
Published: January 2022

В данной статье рассмотрим, какая роль относится в работе CMS-виджетам. Виджеты бывают разных типов и могут выводить: плагины, контент, текстовую информацию, вставляются виджеты в сайдбары. А также рассмотрим определение слова «виджеты» и каким образом при помощи виджетов можно оптимизировать web-сайт.
Селен и его биологическая роль в живых организмах
Authors: Салимзаде Э.А.О. , Кашарная О.В. , Ермилова Т.С. , Самбурова М.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье обсуждается участие селена в биофизических, метаболических и энергетических процессах организма человека и животных, его биологические функции в живых системах. Упоминается важность открытия и дальнейшего изучения микроэлемента для полноценного существования организмов и их защиты от патологий и вирусов. Обсуждается содержание микроэлемента в пищевых продуктах и растениях, его необходимость для повышения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных культур и животноводства.
Дружба как проявление коммуникативной компетенции студентов
Authors: Закурдаева К.А. , Белянская Т.Э.
Published: January 2022

В статье раскрывается понятие феномена «дружба». Рассматривается взаимосвязь дружеских отношений в студенческом коллективе с коммуникативной стороной личности.
Идентификация угловых измерений с известными векторами состояния
Authors: Лавров В.В. , Рындин К.Ю. , Тюрин В.С.
Published: January 2022

На основе байесова подхода синтезирован алгоритм идентификации угловых измерений, формируемых в обзорной оптико-электронной системе, с совокупностью векторов орбитального состояния известных (каталогизированных) космических объектов (КО). Предложена характеристика качества решения задачи идентификации в виде количества КО, о которых может быть принято положительное решение об идентификации по анализируемому угловому измерению в зависимости от требуемого уровня доверия. Имитационным моделированием с использованием приведённых на сайте https://celestrak.com/NORAD/elements/ данных получены примеры характеристик идентификации. Алгоритм предназначен для идентификации поступивших угловых измерений с векторами состояний каталогизированных КО.
Проектирование математической модели бесконтактного датчика с эффектом насыщения
Authors: Максимов Н.М. , Головань И.Н. , Корнякова О.Ю.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается работа бесконтактного датчика с эффектом насыщения, что в случае путевого режима работы приводит к некорректной работе технологического процесса, в котором он используется. Разработана математическая модель бесконтактного датчика с эффектом насыщения в программе SimInTech, проведены соответствующие исследования данной модели. В случае прохождения возмущающего элемента на разных расстояниях от датчика, наблюдается погрешность в его работе.
Оптимизация режимов 3D-печати электродуговой наплавкой с использованием цифрового двойника процесса
Authors: Шатагин Д.А. , Аносов М.С. , Клочкова Н.С. , Абрамович Е.Д.
Published: January 2022

В статье предложен способ выбора оптимальных режимов 3D-печати электродуговой наплавкой на станках с ЧПУ с использованием цифрового двойника процесса. В качестве цифрового двойника использована нейросетевая модель, аппроксимирующая зависимости устойчивости процесса наплавки и геометрические параметры печатаемого слоя от режимов наплавки: напряжения, силы тока и минутной подачи. Показана возможность оптимизации режимов 3D-печати с использованием нейросетевого моделирования на основе модифицированного метода обратного распространения ошибки.
Проблема оценки судом свидетельских показаний в гражданском судопроизводстве
Authors: Александров А.Ю.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена проблеме оценки судом свидетельских показаний применительно к гражданскому судопроизводству. В статье утверждается, что оценка показаний свидетеля судом вызывает определенные сложности с позиции их достоверности. Свидетель, как носитель сведений о фактах, привлекается судом к участию в процессе по инициативе стороны, с которой сам свидетель находится в отношениях, что не может не оказывать влияния на объективность сообщаемой информации. Свидетель, будучи лицом физическим, воспринятую информацию пропускает через собственное сознание, что также влияет на истинность сведений, сообщаемых суду. Законодательство, закрепляющее правовые средства, обеспечивающие достоверность показаний свидетеля, предоставляют суду возможность исключить негодные сведения из числа доказательств, но, тем не менее, нуждаются в совершенствовании.
Цифровые платформы: сущность и роль в цифровой трансформации
Authors: Джаппарова Н.Л.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается сущность цифровых платформ, как эффективных бизнесмоделей; их основные типы, особенности и стратегии монетизации. Выявлены ключевые преимущества и роль развития цифровых платформ в современной цифровой среде.
Источники международного права
Authors: Кудрявцева Л.В. , Курганская А.А.
Published: January 2022

Понятие источников права многозначно. Под юридическими источниками международного права понимаются те официальные юридические формы (акты), в которых закрепляются нормы права. Перечень источников международного права можно извлечь из содержания ст.1186 ГК РФ. К ним относятся: международные договоры РФ, российское законодательство, обычаи, признаваемые в РФ. В современной доктрине традиционным считается положение о двойственности источников международного права. В этом состоит их специфическая особенность. Такого же мнения придерживается и большинство российских учёных. Разработка общетеоретических вопросов современного международного права и, в частности, источниковедческих центральных вопросов и проблем имеет не только большое научное, но и большое практическое значение. Выявление закономерностей происхождения источников, а также их взаимодействия дает нам возможность глубже понять современное международное право и учесть тенденции его развития.
Правовая природа транснациональных корпораций как субъектов международного частного права
Authors: Якименко К.С.
Published: January 2022

В статье автор рассматривает правовую природу транснациональных корпораций как субъектов международного частного права. Проводится анализ действующего законодательства. Делается вывод, что под транснациональной корпорацией понимается международно-оперирующая фирма в двух или более странах и управляющая этими подразделениями из одного или нескольких центров. Транснациональная корпорация выступает сложным субъектом в виду своей структуры. В статье уделяется внимание рассмотрению вопросов об определении правосубъектности транснациональных корпораций, рассмотрению объема актов, регламентирующих деятельность транснациональных компаний.
Активизация познавательной деятельности у студентов медицинских вузов при изучении медицинской информатики
Authors: Плащевая Е.В.
Published: January 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются формы, пути, приёмы, активизирующие познавательную деятельность у студентов медицинских вузов на занятиях по медицинской информатике. Приведены примеры заданий, вызывающий интерес к деятельности, к дисциплине.
Формирование мотивационной составляющей у будущих врачей при изучении медицинской информатики
Authors: Плащевая Е.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы мотивации изучения медицинской информатике студентами второго и пятого курса. Сформулированы педагогические условия мотивации учения и предложены советы по организации занятий, способных мотивировать студентов к изучению медицинской информатике.
Возможности информационных технологий в обучении
Authors: Темяникова В.А. , Баиров Б.Б. , Давашкин Е.Ю. , Шалданова В.Г.
Published: January 2022

В данной статье описаны возможности эксплуатации информационных технологий в системе обучения. Рассмотрены особенности и возможности использования ИТ как способ повышения качества и активности студентов на занятиях.
Влияние пандемии на экспорт стран ЕАЭС: результаты и перспективы
Authors: Исаева Д.Д. , Виноградова В.О. , Шаурина О.С.
Published: January 2022

Пандемия мирового масштаба привела к серьезным ограничениям и закрытию границ. В этих условиях значительно снизился объем продаж углеводородов, обрушились цены на сырье и промежуточные товары. Все страны ЕАЭС в 2020 году продемонстрировали отрицательную динамику экспортной деятельности. Ответом на активные и продуманные действия государств-участников ЕАЭС стали позитивные сдвиги в решении вопроса поддержания и развития экспорта в 2021 году. Достижение прогнозируемых показателей роста экономик стран ЕАЭС возможно только при условии целенаправленного развития форм интеграционного сотрудничества, поддержания стабильного спроса, реализации экспортного потенциала и активизации взаимной торговли.
Сущность и основные характеристики оборотных активов
Authors: Лайпанова З.М. , Нагаева А.А. , Нагаева Э.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье раскрывается сущность понятия «оборотные активы», дается их классификация, рассматривается кругооборот оборотных активов. Даются рекомендации по повышению производительности использования оборотных активов.
Угрозы конкурентоспособности компаний в условиях трансформации цифровой экономики
Authors: Сабитова К.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлен анализ факторов конкурентоспособности в условиях цифровой экономики. Автор рассматривает конкурентоспособность в макроэкономическом масштабе на уровне государства и в масштабе отдельного предприятия. В глобальном аспекте были проанализированы данные Всемирного экономического форума в отношении расчета глобального индекса конкурентоспособности. Особое внимание уделено трансформации факторов конкурентоспособности в условиях цифровой экономики. С позиции предприятия отмечена взаимосвязь его конкурентоспособности с макроэкономическими факторами и трансформацией бизнеспроцессов и бизнес-моделей в цифровую форму.
Теоретические основы собираемости налогов и характеристики налогового контроля
Authors: Умархаджиев М.-Х.Р. , Ильясова К.Х. , Абдарахманова С.С.
Published: January 2022

Современное государственное регулирование характеризуется использованием макроэкономических регуляторов, к числу которых относятся бюджетно-налоговые инструменты. В статье исследуются современные научные теории налогообложения, проблемы правового регулирования бюджетно-налоговой политики современной России. В статье исследуется действующая система налогового администрирования. Были решены задачи аналитические (оценка эффективности деятельности налоговых органов) и исследовательские (определены проблемы и оптимальные пути их устранения).
Плюсы и минусы дистанционного обучения
Authors: Кудусова М.И. , Алиев А.А. , Бакаев Х.А.
Published: January 2022

Из-за резкого увеличения числа заразившихся коронавирусом нового типа (covid-19) перед правительством возникла необходимость введения дистанционного обучения. Система образования, долгое время сохранявшая принципы традиционного обучения, перешла в онлайн режим. Учитывая сложившуюся ситуацию, учителя и школьники во многих регионах активно начали пользоваться такими онлайн платформами, как Zoom, Cisco Webex, Microsoft Team. Учитывая, что одной из наиболее актуальных задач для современной системы образования становится рассмотрение дистанционного обучения и попытки оценить степень её эффективности, в этой статье будет проведен анализ такой формы обучения, а в частности будут выявлены его положительные и отрицательные стороны.
Использование CASE-технологий при расчёте себестоимости оружейного выстрела
Authors: Лайпанов А.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье приводится обзор возможностей CASE-средств структурного проектирования, рассматривается методика выбора CASE-средств для расчёта себестоимости оружейного выстрела. CASE-технология представляет собой методологию проектирования ИС, а также набор инструментальных средств, позволяющих в наглядной форме моделировать предметную область, анализировать эту модель на всех этапах разработки и сопровождения ИС и разрабатывать приложения в соответствии с информационными потребностями пользователей.
Developing an Intentionally Designed Physical Activity Model of Programming for Children’s Structured Recreation in Canada
Authors: Van Wyk Nadine , Taylor McCallum Nicole , Katz Larry
Published: January 2022

Sport and education organizations have established models to ensure that coaches and teachers understand the physical, social, emotional and mental development of children. Such pathways of intentionally designed models fail to exist in the recreation sector where many physical activity (PA) programs are mainly developed based on convenience and instructor availability rather than on established credentials and current pedagogy practices. Addressing this gap, this paper explores the creation of an intentionally designed model of programming for children’s structured recreation, which is defined as sport or PA-based programs that are planned and led by an instructor. This proposed model is contextualized within the province of Alberta, but may be applicable across the nation. The authors further define “intentionally designed” as the development of purposeful programming with specific objectives that align with outside sources. One such source comes from the Canadian Parks and Recreation Association, who has created a Canadian Recreation Framework, an initiative to ultimately develop the well-being of all Canadians. The proposed, structured recreation model also incorporates several guiding principles including physical literacy and sport philosophy. Physical Literacy (PL) focuses on the lived body as the embodied dimension of our human experience, and how it can be enriched through various experiences that enable us to reach our full potential (Whitehead, 2007). It is about viewing the body holistically rather than separate from the entire being. By planning diverse PA in four environments, including land, water, air, and ice, the model also aligns with the sports sector and its philosophy of developing both fundamental movement skills and fundamental sport skills. Moreover, with allocated playing time, intentionally designed structured lesson plans, and one consistent leader in each activity, the model aims to increase the participants’ motor proficiency and levels of PA while building their confidence and competence across distinct exercises. The execution of the proposed recreation model involves a four-month program where participants rotate to a different PA environment each month and attend two classes per week, cumulating in 32 total classes. Management implications are discussed to determine how recreational professionals can achieve the intended outcomes of the model. Finally, further research is necessary to determine if this model can increase participants’ motor proficiency and positively influence physical activity behaviors in the recreation sector.
A People’s Future of Leisure Studies: Political Cultural Black Outdoors Experiences
Authors: Sene-Harper Aby , Mowatt Rasul , Floyd Myron
Published: January 2022

Public lands and the outdoor opportunities they afford are imbued with a long history of cultural and political contestations between the White settler colonial regime, Black and Native Americans. These contestations are grounded in starkly different values and beliefs systems pertaining to the landscape and human-nature relations. Despite the contestations, whiteness continues to dominate the narratives about public lands and its institutions. Furthermore, the ideology of wilderness - as a place of refuge, the antidote to urban living – remains the main frame of reference to explore outdoor experiences. Thus, as researchers continue to espouse this ideology of wilderness, they effectively suppress the experiences and values that African Americans and other people of color hold towards nature and historically shaped by their social and political realities. The history of slavery, post-slavery and Black dispossession, have conjured up innovative Black diasporic cultural practices of resistance, survival and self-determination. Through hidden outdoor spaces they have forged a culture of resistance, built social structures centered on African traditional practices, and engaged in alternative modes of environmental stewardship. The Black outdoors culture today have roots in this robust legacy of resistance and political struggle for self-determination and provide inspiration for outdoor recreation and environmental education programs that culturally and politically relevant to African Americans. In this paper we engage in an investigation on Black peoples’ political outlook of the outdoors and/or their political outlook on engagement with those spaces both historically and presently. In doing so, we first call attention to the need to critically examine diversity practices designed to accommodate a multi-cultural society and how they contribute to a cultural hegemony. We also review the history of research on outdoor experiences putting into sharper relief the Euro-centric values that dominate the analysis and maintain the cultural power of white racial identities. Finally, pulling from African American literary works, we propose Black-centered interpretations of nature centered on their cultural worldviews and political resistance against hegemonic models of dispossession, abstraction and commodification. The aim here is to advocate for the co-existence of multiple cultural imaginaries of nature defined by the social and political realities of different racialized people, thus responding to the call for different paradigms of outdoor recreation highlighted in this special issue.
Coordinating and Standardizing Outdoor Recreation Supply and Demand Databases to Facilitate Management and Promote Conservation, Health, and Accessibility
Authors: Morse Wayde , Cerveny Lee , Blahna Dale
Published: January 2022

Recreation opportunities exist as a system at multiple scales and are offered by a variety of recreation providers sometimes with different goals and objectives. Incremental and disparate planning across providers can lead to mismatched supply and demand and inefficient use of resources. Furthermore, traditional recreation supply and demand studies have not systematically considered compatible benefits from conserving recreation lands including demand for and provision of biodiversity and wildlife conservation, ecosystem services, human health, and environmental justice issues.Historically, the supply of outdoor recreation and conservation lands was assembled by different state and federal agencies, counties and municipalities, Native American tribes, non-governmental organizations, or private organizations for the lands they directly managed with little systematic coordination. A national level Protected Area Databased (PAD-US) developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Gap Analysis Project is changing this. It is the official, publicly available, and comprehensive spatial inventory of every park and protected area in the US. The PAD-US program has developed a standardized data set with consistent protocols and methodologies for data collection for continuous updates.Demand assessments are currently conducted by various federal and state agencies, industry associations, and academics. These studies are independently conducted at various levels form recreation site, across land ownership, by activity, or state and national studies. Initiated in 1960, what became the National Survey of Recreation and the Environment (NSRE) collected recreation demand data for analysis at state and national levels. Many recreation planners used this data until it was discontinued in 2014. While there has been coordination and systemization and standardization of recreation supply data collection, no similar actions have occurred for demand.Following the PAD-US, we identify opportunities to coordinate, standardize, and systematize the collection of demand data across agencies, ownerships, and scales. We propose a parallel publicly available National Recreation Demand Database (NRDD) with consistent protocols and methodologies to be the comprehensive and authoritative inventory of recreation demand. We suggest that a new National Survey on People and the Environment (NSPE) be developed to replace the NSRE to collect improved data on outdoor recreation, other resource uses, and compatible benefit demand information.
Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Step Count Compilation for Elementary-Aged Youth Participating in Summer Camp Activities
Authors: Wahl-Alexander Zachary
Published: January 2022

The summer months have recently been identified as a time of the year when children gain excess weight. Despite contrary beliefs, youth are more susceptible to weight gain and fitness losses during this time. Summer camps have been identified as a possible solution to reduce declines in overall health during these months. The purpose of this study was to establish expected step counts and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) values for a variety of activities in one residential camp. Participants included 188 campers (M age = 8.7). Sessions included a variety of invasion, target, net/wall and fitness activities. Step counts and MVPA were tracked across 51 days, incorporating 839 activity sessions using a NL–1000 (New Lifestyle Inc., Lee Summit, MO, USA) accelerometer to track campers’ activity. Means and steps/minute were calculated for each activity. Invasion games represented the greatest opportunity for campers to engage in physical activity. Findings are useful for researchers and practitioners to evaluate physical activity and MVPA at camp settings.
A Framework for Sustainable Tourism Development in and around National Parks
Authors: Bricker Kelly , Lackey N. Qwynne , Joyner Leah
Published: January 2022

The proliferation of tourism to U.S. national parks yields increasing demands for service and conservation programs that are well-matched with the broadening view of sustainability management in and around PPAs. As such, there is a critical need for research regarding holistic perspectives on planning and monitoring sustainable development. The Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) is a non-profit, independent organization that develops and manages global baseline standards for sustainable travel and tourism, known as the GSTC Criteria. The GSTC Destination Criteria have not been widely applied to PPAs, yet these criteria may offer a useful guiding framework for sustainable tourism development in PPAs. Therefore, this study explores the utility of the GSTC Destination Criteria as a tool for assisting managers at Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) in developing a destination-level sustainability plan. In August 2018, we conducted a sustainability evaluation using the GSTC Destination Criteria. Specific areas of success and improvement were identified, and park managers are using this information to improve the park’s strategic plan. The results of this evaluation are reviewed and critiqued within our broader assessment of the utility of the GSTC Destination Criteria in national park planning.
Exploring parallel formal verification of BIG-DATA systems
Authors: Asteasuain Fernando , Rodriguez Caldeira Luciana
Published: January 2022

Software Engineering is trying to adapt its tools, mechanisms and techniques to cope with the challenges involved when developing BIG DATA software systems. In particular, formal verification in one of the areas that more urgently is required to step in. In this work we introduce two crucial aspects to consolidate the FVS tool to tackle this issue. For one side, FVS’s parallel algorithm is proved to be sound and correct. For the other side, we developed a compelling empirical validation of our approach, employing a communication protocol relevant in the industrial world within a context of parallel systems, introducing a load-balancer process and comparing several implementations.
Effect of cassava flour processing methods and substitution level on proximate composition, sensory characteristics and overall acceptability of bread made from wheat- cassava flour blends
Authors:   Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR),Malawi, Masamba K , Jinazali H ,   Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR),Malawi
Published: January 2022

The consumption of bread is globally increasing. However, due to increased costs associated with production of bread from 100% wheat flour especially in developing countries, other cereal based flours are now being blended with wheat flour to produce bread. This study was carried out to assess the effect of using two differently processed cassava flour (fermented and unfermented) and substitution level on proximate composition, sensory characteristics and overall acceptability of bread made from wheat-cassava flour blends. Bread was made using wheat flour incorporated in fermented and unfermented cassava flour at the ratios of 100:0, 90:10 and 80:20 for wheat: cassava flour, respectively and baked using a Morphy Richards (serial number 20076019) bread maker. The results showed that both the cassava flour and cassava flour substitution levels significantly affected (p<0.05) proximate composition, sensory characteristics and overall acceptability of the bread. Regardless of flour type, increased cassava flour substitution progressively decreased the crude protein and fat contents while the ash content was increased. The trend in significant differences as a reflection of the effect of cassava flour type and substitution level for the bread sensory characteristics was not consistent. Bread made from the 100% wheat flour was not significantly different from breads made from the following cassava flour type and substitution levels: 10% fermented cassava flour, 10% unfermented flour and 20% unfermented cassava flour in colour, texture, aroma and taste. Significant differences were observed between bread made from the 100% wheat flour and breads from the following cassava type and substitution levels: 20% fermented cassava flour, 10% and 20% unfermented cassava flour in colour, texture, aroma and taste. Overall acceptability and index to volume were both significantly affected by the cassava flour type and substitution levels. In conclusion, cassava flour substitution levels in wheat-cassava flour blends for bread making should not exceed 10% regardless of how the cassava flour has been processed to ensure bread with improved proximate composition and acceptable sensory attributes.
COVID-19 impact on UAT postgraduate students
Authors: Rubio-Tinajero Sarahi , Zapata-Contreras Jazmín
Published: January 2022

The UAT postgraduate students have had diverse academic and research problems due to the COVID-19 contingency. However, their commitment to comply with requirements is latent, while quickly adapting to the health crisis. The in-person restrictions have forced them to develop self-taught abilities, to look for solutions to research problems and to always stay updated in the use of digital technologies. Remote lessons have been a challenge for students and teachers due to technical problems that limit the efficiency of the teaching-learning process. Information is not passed onto the students and the objectives of the courses are only achieved halfway. Universities and the CONACYT have kept the graduation requirements in due time and form. However, requirements should be modified to be consistent with the severe limitations imposed by remote work, external to institutions. Grant holders have been the most affected.
NORMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF MODERN AUTOMATIC LOCOMOTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS AND ELECTRIC ROLLING STOCK WITH AN ASYNCHRONOUS TRACTION DRIVE ON THE SUBWAY
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Kabetsky A. G. , Manakov A. D. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: January 2022

The article provides a brief overview of the development and application of automatic control systems for subway trains. Modern automatic locomotive signaling systems featuring automatic speed control with signal transmission based on double-phase-diff erence modulation are analyzed. The introduction of electric rolling stock with an asynchronous traction drive and advanced train traffi c automation and remote control systems at the St. Petersburg Metro initiates the drive to ensure their electromagnetic compatibility. For the subway train traffi c automation and remote control systems, there have been no acceptance criteria for electromagnetic interference that occur in their operating range when electric rolling stock with an asynchronous traction drive is put into operation. The article identifi es the main sources of conducted electromagnetic interference and the routes of their penetration into the receive path of automatic locomotive signaling devices with automatic speed control. A method is proposed for determining the limits of hazardous and interfering eff ects (immunity limits) for automatic train signaling systems with automatic speed regulation of the systems of the BARS automatic speed control unit with phase-diff erence modulation and the upgraded PA-M (ПА-М) train automation with phase-diff erence modulation for the St. Petersburg Metro lines. A method is given for the transition from the immunity limits of automatic locomotive signaling systems with automatic speed control to the emission limits of electric rolling stock at diff erent traction current unbalance factors. A technique for measuring traction current at high-potential points on electric rolling stock is considered. A technique for assessing the levels of conducted electromagnetic interference from electric rolling stock by calculating the eff ective value in a sliding window of a pre-fi ltered traction current signal of an electric rolling stock is presented.
Passenger fl ows modeling approaches within the framework of the functioning of the Intelligent control system of urban rail transportation systems
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Baranov Leonid A. , Sidorenko Valentina G. ,   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Loginova Ludmila N. ,   Russian University of Transport, Moscow
Published: January 2022

The emergence of a large number of transport interchange hubs, changes in megalopolis transport system’s confi guration leads to increasing number of passengers and changing in passenger fl ows using rail transport, which aff ects its functioning and requires consideration when creating and organizing 560 Интеллектуальные системы управления Автоматика на транспорте. № 4, том 7, декабрь 2021 the operation of an intelligent control system for urban rail transport systems. The analysis of the experience in the passenger fl ows study will make it possible to create new algorithms for forecasting passenger traffi c using modern technologies of agent-based modelling and technical vision. The article discusses a parking vehicles model, which allows to consider the factors aff ecting the duration of parking: passenger traffi c, platform unoccupied time, the number of passengers carried, the number of wagons in the train. The article develops structural and mathematical models of passenger fl ows of a transport interchange hub, designed to study the dynamics of an intelligent control system for urban rail transport systems. As an example, when constructing a mathematical model, the interaction of passenger fl ows within the Dmitrovskaya transport-interchange hub was considered, in which there is an intersection of passenger fl ows of three urban rail transport systems: a tramway station, Dmitrovskaya station, which is a station of the Riga direction of Moscow railway and a stopping point of the MCD-2 line of the Moscow Central Diameters, the Dmitrovskaya station of the Moscow Metro.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM BY THE INTRODUCTION OF ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors:   Higher School of Transport Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Transport Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Banite A. V. , Deriaga D. S. ,   Higher School of Transport Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Transport Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Leonenko O. V. ,   Interstate Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belarusian-Russian University»
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the prospects of improving the quality of traffi c in the junction of the urban street and road network through the introduction of intelligent transport systems, especially automatic traffi c control systems (ATCS). The paper analyzes the problems of implementing intelligent transport systems in urban conditions, taking into account the current regulatory framework. The classifi cation of local automated traffi c control systems according to the adaptability of traffi c light regulation to the changing parameters of traffi c fl ows is given. For the decision of a problem of practicability of introduction of ACSDS, the technique including construction of imitation models for more exact forecasting of eff ect of introduction of local ACSDS on the considered site of an urban street-road network is off ered. The application of the methodology is demonstrated on the example of the intersection of Engels Avenue and Suzdal Avenue in St. Petersburg. Two variants of the organization of control of phases of traffi c light objects are analyzed: static and adapted according to the time of day. The infl uence of ADCS implementation on average speed of vehicles and characteristics of traffi c jams in the junction in question was estimated based on simulation modeling in PTV Vissim. In accordance with the analysis, the prospects of introducing adaptive local ACSDS in the considered transport junction are described
MODELING THE PLAN OF THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS DURING THE MORNING RUSH HOUR ON THE CLOSED BOLSHAYA KOLTSEVAYA LINE OF THE MOSCOW METRO
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Safronov A. I. , Lysenko E. V. ,   Russian University of Transport, Moscow
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the characteristics of the construction of the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line (Large Circle Line) of the Moscow Metro from the point of view of the transportation process planning. The authors have studied the characteristics of all operating depots of the Moscow Metro that justify the plans for the construction of two new depots (Aminievsky and Nizhegorodsky), as well as the reconstruction of one of the existing depots (Zamoskvoretsky), located within the city limits of Moscow – inside the Moscow Automobile Ring Road (MKAD), in the vicinity of the Third Transport Ring and beyond. For the needs of modeling, the station-to-station length of the closed Bolshaya Koltsevaya line was measured, subject to the transfer of a train traffi c section from the Delovoy Tsentr station to the Khoroshevskaya station of the projected Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya metro line. Based on the measurement fi ndings, the station-to-station travel times along the closed Bolshaya Koltsevaya line were calculated, which subsequently made it possible to determine the number of electric rolling stock units required to service the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line in the morning rush hour
SOME REMARKS ON THE MOST IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF METROLOGY – THE PERSON
Authors:   International Informatization Academy Saint Petersburg, Smagin Vl. А. , Bubnov Vl. P. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the description of a person as an element of metrology. Its functional responsibilities and specifi c actions are not taken into account. The metrologist is simply presented as a two-phase system, including two phases of the life cycle, the fi rst cycle of which is a phase of concentration – work for eff ect, and the second cycle – a phase of chaos, consisting in restoration of spent energy in order to continue the fi rst phase again. A formal model of a human metrologist is given. The optimal duration of inter-verifi cation period and average number of object’s repairs for one year are determined. With the help of real model, the average age of human-operator, in terms of maximum availability coeffi cient, with and without prophylactic periods is determined. In the formal and real models of man-operator the distribution of human life time is determined by the extreme in statistics Weibull distribution law. From the formal point of view “chaos environment” is characterized by a probability distribution function, opposite to the distribution function of “concentration environment” by P. Levy. A quantitative relationship between the stages is defi ned and a formal way of realizing this relationship is proposed. A simple example of calculation of initial concentration phase resource recovery is given.
The Role of Self-Efficacy in the Thesis-Writing Experiences of Undergraduate Honors Students
Authors: Medaille Ann , Beisler Molly , Tokarz Rayla , Bucy Rosalind
Published: January 2022

Writing a thesis is often the culminating experience for undergraduate students enrolled in university honors programs in the United States. Because writing a thesis is one of the most difficult academic tasks that an undergraduate student may undertake, it requires a high level of self-efficacy, or belief in one’s capabilities to achieve certain results. However, the factors that contribute to students’ efficacy expectations when writing a thesis are not fully understood. This qualitative study followed 11 honors students over the course of several months in order to understand their experiences as they completed their theses. Data was gathered through a series of four questionnaires and two interviews. Analysis revealed six themes: previous research experiences, emotions, project timelines, structure, advisors, and support networks. These themes suggest that students’ abilities to manage their emotions and employ self-regulatory strategies play a critical role in their self-assessments of efficacy during work on challenging academic tasks, findings which have implications for a variety of academic programs and campus support services. In addition, this study reveals that faculty mentoring of undergraduate students may require greater attention to cultivating emotional awareness and regulation than does the mentoring of graduate students.
Profilaxia Pré-Exposição para o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana no Currículo Médico em Portugal: Uma Análise Transversal
Authors: Duarte Francisco , Rua Nuno , Gomes David , Ricoca Peixoto Vasco , Azevedo Daniela , Graça Duarte , Teixeira Inês , Fernandes Inês , Frutuoso João , Carvalho Margarida , Redondo Maria , Silva Alexandre , Faria Ana , Lopes Ana , Varino Filipe , Gomes Joana , Tomaz Marco , Figueiredo Vasco , Almeida Ana , Ribeiro Bruno , Oliveira Catarina , Pinto Diogo , Santana Matilde , Araújo Rita , Ribeiro Sara
Published: January 2022

Introdução: A profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP) ganhou relevância como método de prevenção do VIH em determinados indivíduos e contextos. Após a entrada em vigor das normas para prescrição em Portugal, pretendemos aferir o conhecimento em relação à PrEP entre os estudantes de Medicina em Portugal.Material e Métodos: Foi enviado um questionário online aos estudantes de Medicina das escolas médicas portuguesas. Foi feita uma análise descritiva dos resultados e um estudo transversal analítico para identificar fatores associados a “conhecer a PrEP”, “ter tido uma aula de PrEP”, e “identificar grupos elegíveis corretamente”.Resultados: Dos 796 estudantes que responderam, 64,6% sabiam o que era a PrEP. Destes, 34,44% obteve conhecimento sobre a mesma durante a sua formação. Entre os respondentes, 4,77% identificaram correta e completamente os grupos elegíveis. Com o avançar do ano letivo, a probabilidade de conhecer a PrEP, ter tido uma aula de PrEP e identificar os grupos corretamente aumentava. No sexto ano, 43,48% tinham tido uma aula sobre PrEP e entre os que conheciam a PrEP, 28% identificaram os grupos elegíveis. Existem diferenças entre as escolas médicas após ajustamento para o ano letivo em relação aos resultados obtidos. A forma como se tomou conhecimento da PrEP não alterou de forma estatisticamente significativa a capacidade de identificar corretamente grupos elegíveisConclusão: As diferenças entre as escolas médicas poderão ser harmonizadas. Esta temática poderá ser reforçada nos respetivos currículos.
Alan Turing tinha pensamento computacional? Reflexões sobre um campo em construção
Authors: Valente José Armando , Freire Fernanda Maria Pereira , Arantes Flavia Linhalis , D´Abreu João Vilhete Viegas , Amiel Tel , Baranauskas Maria Cecília Calani
Published: January 2022

A expressão pensamento computacional, amplamente usada nos últimos anos, reaviva um antigo debate em torno da importância de trazer práticas da ciência da computação para a educação. A partir da análise de um conjunto de estudos e de currículos procuramos: (i) mostrar algumas relações entre “pensamento computacional” e “pensamento algébrico” e (ii) refletir sobre possíveis impactos educacionais, sociais e econômicos desse crescente movimento. Nosso objetivo é contribuir para uma discussão fundamentada sobre o tema, considerando que, no contexto atual, existem questões econômicas e geopolíticas que resultam em diferentes metas para a educação.
James J. Hodge, Sensations of History: Animation and New Media Art
Authors: McMullen Asa
Published: January 2022

A review of James J. Hodge, Sensations of History: Animation and New Media Art. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019. 232 pp. $27.00.
Influence of BIM-Based Teaching Methodology on the Spatial Abilities of Construction Engineering Students
Authors: Pulido-Arcas Jesús Alberto , Martínez-Rocamora Alejandro , Folgar-Erades Alejandro
Published: January 2022

Spatial visualization skills are considered essential for a variety of professional careers, especially those related with architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC). A number of studies have proven that these skills are progressively acquired by AEC students during their years in college, being necessary specific pedagogical approaches for this purpose. Other 3D native design software has been proved to exert a positive influence on the spatial abilities of students in several fields, such as fine arts or civil engineering. In the field of AEC, BIM software stands out as an appropriate tool for this purpose, as it supports 3D-native design. This study was conducted to clarify the influence that working with BIM models has on the spatial abilities of the students to visualize constructive components in 3D; it was hypothesized that the effect would be positive to some extent, as in similar disciplines. To that end, an experiment was conducted with 73 undergraduate students in construction engineering, who attended an intensive 4-week workshop where they had to work with BIM models. The improvement in their spatial abilities was measured by the Mental Rotation Test (MRT) and, besides, a satisfaction survey was conducted. The results indicate that MRT scores improved between 3.8% and 15.5% and that students felt highly satisfied with this pedagogical approach. These results aim to help in implementing BIM in the academic curricula to maximize the educational outcomes of the students while gathering their assessment of BIM-based teaching methodologies.
On the Use of 210Pb-based Records of Sedimentation Rates and Activity Concentrations for Tracking Past Environmental Changes
Authors: Abril Jose María
Published: January 2022

Lead-210 from natural atmospheric fallout is widely used in multidisciplinary studies to date recent sediments. Some of the 210Pb-based dating models can produce historical records of sediment accumulation rates (SAR) and initial activity concentrations ( ). The former have been profusely used to track past changes in the sedimentary conditions. Both physical magnitudes are differently affected by model errors (those arising for the partial or null accomplishment of some model assumptions). This work is aimed at assessing the effects on SAR and of model errors in the CRS, CS, PLUM and TERESA dating models, due to random variability in 210Pb fluxes, which is a usual sedimentary condition. Synthetic cores are used as virtual laboratories for this goal. Independently of the model choice, SARs are largely affected by model errors, resulting in some large and spurious deviations from the true values. This questions their general use for tracking past environmental changes. are less sensitive to model errors and their trends of change with time may reflect real changes in sedimentary conditions, as it is shown with some real cores from varved sediments.