bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ижтимоий тармоқларда ахборот хавфсизлигини таъминлаш: Ўзбекистон ва Қозоғистон тажрибаси
Authors: Хўжаев Шохжахон
Published: July 2022

Бугунги кунда ижтимоий тармоқларда ахборот хавфсизлиги тобора жамоатчилик диққат марказида бўлиб, олим ва мутахассисларда қизиқиш уйғотмоқда. Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикаси ва Қозоғистон Республикасининг ахборот хавфсизлиги ва ахборотлаш-тириш тўғрисидаги қонун ҳужжатлари нормаларига асосланиб, ижтимоий тармоқларда ахборот хавфсизлигини таъминлаш механизмларини ҳуқуқий тартибга солиш жиҳатлари таҳлил қилинган. Ўзбекистон Республикаси ва Қозоғистон Республикаси қонунчилигида ижтимоий тармоқларни тартибга солиш, шу жумладан, ахборот хавфсизлигини таъминлаш соҳасида алоҳида норматив-ҳуқуқий ҳужжат кўзда тутилмаган, шу муносабат билан муаллиф бу масала юзасидан профилактика чораларини кўриш муҳимлигини таъкидлайди. Мақола натижаларига кўра, шахс, жамият ва давлатнинг ахборот хавфсизлигига таҳдид соладиган контентни тарқатишда уни фильтрлаш ва блокировка қилиш чоралари, шунингдек ижтимоий тармоқлардан фойдаланишни чеклаш каби чораларнинг қўлланилиши мумкинлиги кўрсатилган. Умуман олганда, самарали ҳуқуқий тартибга солиш ҳуқуқий механизмнинг соддалигига, ҳуқуқий мажбуриятнинг максимал даражада соддалаштиришга, шунингдек ижтимоий тармоқлардан фойдаланишни аниқ ва адолатли тарзда чеклашга асосланиши кераклиги таъкидланган.
Recognition of Regional Traditional House in Indonesia Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Method
Authors: Defriani Meriska , Jaelani Irsan Jaelani
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is a country that has a lot of cultural diversity. This cultural diversity needs to be preserved. If this is not done, the culture that is owned by Indonesia can slowly disappear. The reduction in cultural values can also reduce the sense of belonging to the culture. This lack of sense of ownership makes it easy for other nations to make claims on the culture that is owned by Indonesia. Indonesia will lose its characteristics as a country that has a lot of cultural diversity. One of the efforts to preserve culture is to recognize the characteristics of each culture and be able to recognize the differences between one culture and another. For example, recognizing traditional houses from various ethnic groups based on their image. In this research, the image classification of the characteristics of traditional houses from several ethnic groups in Indonesia was carried out. The classification used to identify an image. In this study, deep learning techniques are used with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm and Keras framework. This CNN use several layers namely convolutional, pooling, flatten, and dense layer. The development of deep learning models uses the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) method. This method consists of nine stages. The built model is evaluated using k-fold cross validation with a k value of 5 and produces an average accuracy of 80%. This shows that the model built is capable of classifying well. The built model is evaluated with 3 different epoch values, namely 50, 75, and 100. The larger the epoch value used, the greater the accuracy value. The model built is also able to make predictions with an accuracy of 80%.
Optimization of Adaptive Genetic Algorithm Parameters in Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Herdiana I Kayan , Candiasa I Made , Indrawan Gede
Published: July 2022

The TSP problem is one where a seller visits multiple destinations at the same time and they are only allowed to visit once. The purpose of this TSP is to shorten the shortest distance, thereby minimizing time and cost. There are various methods to solve the TSP problem, including greedy algorithm, brute force algorithm, hill climbing method, ant algorithm, and genetic algorithm. Each process in a genetic algorithm is affected by several parameters, including population size, maximum generation, crossover rate, and mutation rate. The purpose of this study is to apply genetic algorithms to the traveling salesman problem optimization, calculate the maximum influence of generation, chromosome number, crossover rate and mutation rate on the optimal genetic algorithm, calculate the range of chromosome number, population size, crossover rate and mutation rate for genetic algorithm in the traveling salesman problem and calculate the effect of adaptive genetic algorithm parameters on genetic algorithm results. Based on the results obtained from research and testing, the four parameters of the genetic algorithm are positively correlated with fitness results while negatively correlated with execution time performance where each adaptive parameter applied provides more optimal fitness results than static parameters. The four adaptive parameters that are applied together give optimal results, both fitness which reaches 1.0% and time reaches 38.7%.
Determinants of Breast Cancer Screening among Rural Women, Homa Bay County, and Western Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Felix Blair , Oyore John Paul , Agina BOM
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer is a serious disease and it is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Kenya and the World as a whole. It can be controlled by early detection, and prompt treatment or management. This paper aimed to demonstrate the screening levels of breast cancer among women in Homa-Bay County and determine factors associated with breast cancer screening. This was a cross-sectional study, which was done in April 2019 in two purposively selected sub-counties in Homa Bay County, Western Kenya. A region, which had previously registered lower screening levels of cancer in national surveys. Data analysis was majorly descriptive showing proportions. A Chi-square test was used to check for the association of categorical variables with breast cancer screening. Results indicated that the majority of the respondents had not gone (87.35%) for screening compared to those who had gone for screening (12.65%). Factors that were found to be significantly associated with breast cancer included if the woman was smoking (Chi-Square p-value = 0.02, history of a family member diagnosed with breast cancer (Chi-Square p-value = 0.004), and having undergone X-ray at one point in life (Chi-Square p-value = 0.021). The study concluded that breast cancer screening is still very low in Homa- Bay County and factors such as smoking and having a family member who had been diagnosed with breast cancer are associated with breast cancer screening. We recommend an increased health promotion and education activities based on breast cancer screening so that the women can go for the available cost-effective screening methods such as Clinical Breast Examination in Homa Bay County. This can be done through increased campaigns for breast cancer screening and home visits to encourage breast cancer screening or self-breast examination.
Effects of Principals’ Monitoring of Students’ Academic Progress on Pedagogic Practices of Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Bauchi State
Authors: Garba Saleh , Abdullahi Bushira
Published: July 2022

The study investigated the extent to which principals monitor students’ progress and also established the effect of principals’ monitoring of students’ progress on teachers’ pedagogical practices in public secondary schools in Bauchi state. Descriptive survey and causal research designs were employed for the study. The target population consisted all the principals and teachers in public secondary schools of Bauchi state. The samples comprised 29 principals and 384 teachers were drawn using random sampling technique. The study has one research question and a hypothesis. Questionnaire was the main tool for data collection. Cronbach’s alpha reliability of the instruments stood at 0.87. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Simple linear regression was used to test the null hypothesis at .05 significance levels. The study revealed that principals’ monitoring of students’ progress has significant effects on pedagogical practices of teachers (R2=.099, p<.05). It was also established that majority of principals did not review students' class work and assessment records in determining students’ progress. The study concluded that effective monitoring of students’ progress by principals will significantly enhance teachers’ pedagogical practices in public secondary schools. It was recommended that State Ministries of Education should be organizing training workshop for principals to improve their skills of monitoring the academic progress of students. It was also suggested that principals should intensify supervision of class work and assessment records
Status dan Pengelolaan Tanah Wakaf Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Ujan Mas Kabupaten Kepahiang)
Authors: Marpeno Bobi , Yusefri Yusefri , Bin Ridwan Rifanto
Published: July 2022

Wakaf adalah Sedekah Jariyah, yakni menyedekahkan harta kita untuk kepentingan ummat. Harta Wakaf tidak boleh berkurang nilainya, tidak boleh dijual dan tidak boleh diwariskan. Karena wakaf pada hakikatnya adalah menyerahkan kepemilikan harta manusia menjadi milik Allah atas nama ummat, adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah : Pertama; Untuk mengetahui status tanah wakaf di kecamatan Ujan Mas Kabupaten Kepahiang, Kedua; Untuk mengetahui pemanpaatan tanah wakaf di Kecamatan Ujan Mas Kabupaten Kepahiang, Ketiga; untuk mengetahui pengetahuan masyarakat kecamatan Ujan Mas tentang pengelolaan tanah wakaf menurut perundangan-undangan No. 41 tahun 2004.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang memfokuskan data dari lapangan (field research) kualitatif, yaitu mengkaji tentang respon opini social mengenai suatu peraturan hukum yang diterapkan pemerintah. Seberapa besar sebuah aturan tersebut mempengaruhi pola pikir masyarakat.. Penelitian ini umumnya bertujuan untuk mempelajari secara mendalam terhadap suatu individu, kelompok, lembaga atau masyarakat tertentu, tentang latar belakang, keadaan sekarang atau interaksi yang terjadi di dalamnya.

Penelitian ini memperoleh kesimpulan; Pertama; status tanah wakaf pada Kecamatan Ujan Mas Kabupaten Kepahiang sudah berjalan dan sesuai dengan perundangan undangan yang berlaku, walaupun belum seluruhnya mempunyai sertifikat wakaf, Kedua; Pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh Nazhir di Kecamatan Ujan Mas Kabupaten Kepahiang berjalan sesuai dengan janji wakaf yang tertuang dalam AIW atau sertifikat tanah. Ketiga; Perbuatan wakif yang mengandung unsur kekerabatan merupakan asal mula komponen hukum adat dalam penyelenggaraan dan pengelolaan tanah wakaf di Kecamatan Ujan Mas. Wakif hanya secara lisan mentransfer hartanya ke masjid dan lain-lain; Hal ini dikarenakan, pada saat memberikan wakaf, berlaku hukum adat dan sah secara hukum. peraturan perundang-undangan masih berlaku selama yang baru belum diadopsi sesuai dengan Konstitusi ini.

Jika ada dua pembenaran baik bagian hukum tertulis maupun tidak tertulis dari pelaksanaannya, maka nazhir harus berpegang pada dan melaksanakan aspek hukum tertulis. Nazhir wajib mengelola dan mengembangkan harta benda wakaf sesuai dengan kewajiban yang tercantum dalam Akta Ikrar Wakaf, menurut Pasal 45 Ayat 1 Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 42 Tahun 2006 tentang Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf. agar ketentuan hukum tertulis itu mempunyai akibat hukum pada saat diterapkan.
NEUROPATOLOGIAS DA DEMÊNCIA: DESCRIÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO
Authors: De Abreu Agrela Rodrigues Fabiano
Published: July 2022

A neuropatologia é o ramo da neurologia que estuda doenças do sistema nervoso e suas ligações com toda a fisiologia do organismo, incluindo doenças do sistema nervoso e seus reflexos. Patologias neurológicas têm altos custos econômicos e sociais. A demência é uma síndrome que progride com declínio progressivo e global da memória associado a um déficit de funções com uma intensidade que traz importantes limitações no desempenho social ou ocupacional diário do indivíduo. O número de novos casos anuais de demência torna essa síndrome mais cara do que o câncer e doenças cardíacas combinados. A prevalência de demência está aumentando a uma taxa alarmante à medida que a população mundial em geral está envelhecendo, e até 2050 estima-se que 131 milhões de pessoas terão demência. Tendo em vista a importância de estudar patologias neurológicas, especialmente demências, o presente estudo realizou uma revisão biblio literatura sobre as principais demências, trazendo dados relacionados à sua patogênese, ocorrência e caracterização molecular.
The Defense of the Humanities in the Twenty-First Century: Communication in the Literary Laboratory with a Focus on the Verse Narratives by Heinrich Kaufringer
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: July 2022

Many times, even scholars in the Humanities do not know how to deal with literature because they work only in the field of language acquisition, linguistics, or other data-driven study areas. Not surprisingly, when the issue emerges how to explain and to defend the Humanities, the literary areas seem to be the first on the chopping block. On the one hand, we can certainly argue that there is a specific literary canon that provides the readers/students with a sense of cultural identity and history. On the other hand, it seems more significant and effective to consider literature from whatever period or written in whatever language as a kind of laboratory of human behavior. The fictional framework makes it possible to experiment with unique types of situations in human life, often in an extreme fashion, which facilitates, as any scientist working in a lab would confirm, the critical analysis without too many outside distractions. The present paper argues that we can learn much about human communication through the study of literary texts. This finds an excellent illustration in the works of the late medieval German poet Heinrich Kaufringer (ca. 1400), in whose verse narratives we encounter a plethora of various situations and conditions reflecting on ordinary cases in people’s lives, with all the shortcomings and potentials pertaining to the human language and the social community.
The Messiah of Ogd: An Ode to Nonsense
Authors: Saji Christie Rachel
Published: July 2022

Sometimes it takes nonsense to understand sense. And sometimes, it takes a child and his/her nonsensical question for the whole sense of the world to collapse. This paper is an attempt to study Anushka Ravishankar’s nonsensical children’s novel Ogd. Ravishankar through her novel, deconstructs religion, science, logic and language; entities looked upon as the final end of meaning. And in doing so, she sheds light on the process of meaning-making. Using Edward Lear’s Limericks and Lewis Carroll’s novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, the paper attempts to understand the genre of nonsense in its act of deconstruction. And the paper tries to analyse the novel through the lens of what has been understood from Lear’s and Carroll’s works of nonsense. Using some of Derrida’s ideas, the paper attempts to understand Ravishankar’s novel in detail.
One and One-Half Friends: A Laingian Approach to Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia
Authors: Cowan S. Leigh Ann
Published: July 2022

Katherine Paterson’s beloved children’s story, Bridge to Terabithia (1977), explores the relationship of a young boy named Jess to his family, to his best friend Leslie, and to the nature of tragedy. Paterson demonstrates that learning to cope with senseless accidents is a part of growing up, but that learning to cope does not mean changing or losing our sense of identity. This paper, using a psychoanalytic Laingian approach to Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia, reveals Jess’ relationships to himself and to others and how his interactions and perceptions influence the development of these relationships. Laing’s theory demonstrates that Jess’ character development parallels that of an infant. The distinction of self and other leads to the formation of multiple personalities at various stages of development, and, in the case of lack of affirmation from others and/or from the self, these personalities may never develop to maturity- whether through abandonment, suppression, or abrupt changes in how one perceives and/or relates to others. Jess’ self-protection tactics, such as dehumanization, prevent him from forming positive and lasting relationships, which in turn perpetuates his ontological insecurity. It is only Leslie’s interventional friendship and mother-bond that gives him a foundation on which to build his identity. When the foundation is ripped away, his identity collapses, but Jess now has the tools he needs to rebuild himself without her.
Failing to Bury the Giant: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Violence in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Seventh Novel
Authors: Călinescu Amalia
Published: July 2022

If The Buried Giant had been intended as a historiographic metafiction, its setting could have been replaced with recent locations having witnessed great wars, but then Kazuo Ishiguro would have unwillingly written a reportage-like novel instead of a historical fantasy dealing with magical ways of forgetting past atrocities in order to secure a peaceful future. While in his previous novels Ishiguro introduces only mental monsters, in The Buried Giant the characters are sent searching for their forgotten past in a post-Arthurian England with ogres that carry off children, pixies that render people ill and dragons that can erase all memories. The current study proposes an interdisciplinary analysis of The Buried Giant, drawing upon psychology, game theory and behavioural economics in order to convey personal and collective violence in connection to power, racism, trauma and spatio-temporal mobility. In the end, all events stem from choices and decisions, which are essentially emotional.
Improved rainfall and temperature satellite dataset in areas with scarce weather stations data: case study in Ancash, Peru
Authors: Villavicencio Eduardo E. , Medina Katy D. , Loarte Edwin A. , León Hairo A.
Published: July 2022

Rainfall and temperature variables play an important role in understanding meteorology at global and regional scales. However, the availability of meteorological information in areas of complex topography is difficult, as the density of weather stations is often very low. In this study, we focused on improving existing satellite products for these areas, using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) data for rainfall and Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data for air temperature. Our objective was to propose a model that improves the accuracy and correlation of satellite data with observed data on a monthly scale during 2012-2017. The improvement of rainfall satellite data was performed using 4 regions: region 1 Santa (R1Sn), region 2 Marañón (R2Mr), region 3 Pativilca (R3Pt) and region 4 Pacific (R4Pc). For temperature, a model based on the use of the slope obtained between temperature and altitude data was used. In addition, the reliability of the TRMM, GPM and MERRA-2 data was analyzed based on the ratio of the mean square error, PBIAS, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and correlation coefficient. The final products obtained from the model for temperature are reliable with R2 ranging from 0.72 to 0.95 for the months of February and August respectively, while the improved rainfall products obtained are shown to be acceptable (NSE≥0.6) for the regions R1Sn, R2Mr and R3Pt. However, in R4Pc it is unacceptable (NSE<0.4), reflecting that the additive model is not suitable in regions with low rainfall values.
High Resolution Land Cover Mapping and Crop Classification in the Loukkos Watershed (Northern Morocco): An Approach Using SAR Sentinel-1 Time Series
Authors: Nizar El Mortaji , Wahbi Miriam , Ait Kazzi Mohamed , Yazidi Alaoui Otmane , Boulaassal Hakim , Maatouk Mustapha , Zaghloul Mohamed Najib , El Kharki Omar
Published: July 2022

Remote  sensing  has  become  more  and  more  a  reliable  tool  for  mapping  land  cover  and  monitoring  cropland. Much of the work done in this field uses optical remote sensing data. In Morocco, active remote sensing data remain under-exploited despite their importance in monitoring spatial and temporal dynamics of land cover and crops even during cloudy weather. This study aims to explore the potential of C-band Sentinel-1 data in the production of a high-resolution land cover mapping and crop classification within the irrigated Loukkos watershed agricultural landscape in northern Morocco. The work was achieved by using 33 dual-polarized images in vertical-vertical  (VV)  and  vertical-horizontal  (VH)  polarizations.  The  images  were  acquired  in  ascending  orbits  between  April 16 and October 25, 2020, with the purpose to track the backscattering behavior of the main crops and other land  cover  classes  in  the  study  area.  The  results  showed  that  the  backscatter  increased  with  the  phenological  development  of  the  monitored  crops  (rice,  watermelon,  peanuts,  and  winter  crops),  strongly  for  the  VH  and  VV  bands, and slightly for the VH/VV ratio. The other classes (water, built-up, forest, fruit trees, permanent vegetation, greenhouses, and bare lands) did not show significant variation during this period. Based on the backscattering analysis and the field data, a supervised classification was carried out, using the Random Forest Classifier (RF) algorithm.  Results  showed  that  radiometric  characteristics  and  6  days’  time  resolution  covered  by  Sentinel-1  constellation gave a high classification accuracy by dual-polarization with Radar Ratio (VH/VV) or Radar Vegetation Index and textural features (between 74.07% and 75.19%). Accordingly, this study proves that the Sentinel-1 data provide useful information and a high potential for multi-temporal analyses of crop monitoring, and reliable land cover mapping which could be a practical source of information for various purposes in order to undertake food security issues.
DADOS BIOCULTURAIS INFEREM PRÁTICAS RITUALÍSTICAS DE AFRO-BRASILEIROS NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Luzia Maria de Sousa , Carvalho Olívia Alexandre de
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho trata da busca de compreensão das práticas culturais de povos afro-brasileiros no período colonial, dentre essas manifestações, se encontra a manipulação dentária intencional realizada por diversos grupos culturais diaspóricos, como uma forma de identidade cultural africana que poderia ser relacionada à estética, a um marcador cultural, costume, dentre outras interpretações. Nesse estudo observamos três indivíduos de características negroides, oriundos da Matriz de Marechal Deodoro/AL, do período colonial, com intensa característica de práticas ritualísticas envolvidas e, sobretudo, a manipulação intencional dos dentes como marcador cultural, permitindo um avanço na compreensão de práticas ritualísticas entre grupos da diáspora africana. BIOCULTURAL DATA INFERRING AFRO-BRAZILIANRITUAL PRACTICES IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL  ABSTRACTThe present work deals with the search for understanding the cultural practices of Afro-Brazilian peoples in the colonial period. Among these manifestations, there is the intentional dental manipulation performed by several diasporic cultural groups, as a form of African cultural identity that could be related to aesthetics, cultural marker, custom, among other interpretations. In this study we observed three individuals of Negroid characteristics, coming from the Matriz Marechal Deodoro / AL, from the colonial period, with intense characteristics of the ritualistic practices involved and, above all, the intentional manipulation of the teeth as a cultural marker, allowing an advance in the understanding of ritualistic practices between African diaspora groups.Keywords: Afro-brazilians; dental manipulation; human burials.
OS REMANESCENTES HUMANOS DAS URNAS FUNERÁRIAS TUPI-GUARANI NO SÍTIO BAIXIO DOS LOPES, BREJO SANTO – CE (720 ± 30 AP)
Authors: Solari Ana , Pessis Anne-Marie , Cisneiros Daniela , Medeiros Elisabeth , Martin Gabriela
Published: July 2022

Durante o acompanhamento arqueológico em 2010 nas obras do projeto de integração do Rio São Francisco com as bacias hidrográficas do Nordeste setentrional pelo Inapas, foi achado um sítio arqueológico de uso funerário com presencia de cerâmicas Tupi-guarani da subtradição policrômica no município de Brejo Santo, no Ceará. Na urna funerária escavada emergencialmente, foram recuperados escassos remanescentes humanos datados com uma idade radiocarbônica convencional em 720 ± 30 anos AP. Apresenta-se aqui descrição do achado, a caraterização das urnas cerâmicas e dos escasso remanescentes humanos (ossos e dentes) conservados ao interior das mesmas. O caso isolado das urnas de Baixio dos Lopes permite aproximar-se ao entendimento das práticas mortuárias secundárias dos grupos Tupi-guarani no semiárido nordestino. THE HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE TUPI-GUARANI FUNERARY URNS IN THE BAIXIO DOS LOPES SITE, BREJO SANTO – CE (720 ± 30 years BP)ABSTRACTDuring the archaeological follow-up in 2010 in the works of the project for the integration of the São Francisco River with the hydrographic basins of the Northeast North by Inapas, an archaeological site for funerary use was found with the presence of Tupí-Guarani pottery of the polychrome subtradition in the municipality of Brejo Santo, in Ceará. Few human remains dated to a conventional radiocarbon age of 720 ± 30 years BP were recovered from the urgently excavated funerary urn. A description of the find, the characterization of the ceramic urns and the few human remains (bones and teeth) preserved inside are presented here. The isolated case of the Baixio dos Lopes urns allows us to approach the understanding of the secondary mortuary practices of the Tupi-Guarani groups in the semi-arid northeast.Keywords: Human remains; Funeral urns; Tupi-Guarani ceramics
ESTUDOS DE CURADORIA E CONSERVAÇÃO CURATIVA DE OSSOS HUMANOS DE PERNAMBUCO E DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRASIL
Authors: Davoglio Celyne Rodrigues Brito dos Santos , Silva Sérgio Francisco Serafim Monteiro da
Published: July 2022

Este artigo apresenta os primeiros experimentos de revisão e conservação curativa de ossos humanos da Reserva Técnica (RT) de Arqueologia, do Departamento de Arqueologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE. Foram selecionadas amostras de casos específicos de remanescentes humanos que demandavam tratamentos diferenciados decorrentes de três situações: a presença de quebras e fragmentação post mortem causadas por ações vinculadas à pesquisa arqueológica; a presença de quebras e alterações resultantes de processos tafonômicos antrópicos (culturais); e a presença de quebras e alterações decorrentes de tratamentos curatoriais antigos. Os resultados indicam que a curadoria pode prescindir de técnicas de conservação curativa reversíveis, que viabilizem pesquisas futuras no âmbito do ensino, pesquisa e da extensão na UFPE. CURATORY STUDIES AND CURATIVE CONSERVATION OF HUMAN BONES FROM PERNAMBUCO E RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL ABSTRACT This article presents the first experiments of review and curative conservation of human bones from the Archeology Technical Reserve (RT) of the Archeology Department of the Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE. Samples were selected from specific cases of human remains that required different treatments resulting from three situations: the presence of post-mortem breaks and fragmentation caused by actions linked to archaeological research; the presence of breaks and alterations resulting from anthropic (cultural) taphonomic processes; and the presence of breaks and alterations resulting from old curatorial treatments. The results indicate that curatorship can dispense with reversible curative conservation techniques, which enable future research in the scope of teaching, research and extension at UFPE.Keywords: Curation; Technical reserve; Sensitive collection; curative conservation.
The effect that a quality management system has on small, medium and micro enterprises in the Durban Metropolitan area of KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Kain Cheryl-Anne
Published: July 2022

Quality management has not been developed and marketed well in South African based small, medium and micro enterprises (SMME‟s). The focus of SMME‟s has been on product price. In order to improve small business initiatives a culture or the behaviour towards quality needs also to be embraced by SMME‟s. Debenham (2008) finds that focussing on price alone indicates that SMME‟s do not grow and become sustainable. Support from both government and the private sector has focussed primarily on providing financial aid to SMME‟s. Ninety percent of South African small businesses largely remain in the survival stage because of a lack of skills and resources. It has become clear that financial support alone is not enough to grow and sustain SMME‟s. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect that the ISO 9001 quality management system (QMS) has on SMME‟s in the Greater Durban Area with the view to determine the contribution it has made in terms of growth and survival of those SMME‟s. This was a qualitative study investigating SMME‟s in the Greater Durban Metropolitan Area. The sampling frame was made up of two groups of SMME‟s. Unstructured interviews were conducted at 40 SMME‟s, comprising of 20 SMME‟s who have implemented ISO 9001 QMS(have the control/case) and 20 SMME‟s who have not implemented ISO 9001. The raw data was coded into categories and themes. Descriptive statistics, using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), was used to analyse the data. The study indicates that the majority of respondents from both groups had a positive perception towards the ISO 9001 QMS contributing to their growth and survival.
ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME TEKNİKLERİYLE BANKALARIN FİNANSAL PERFORMANSLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: KARAHAN Mehmet , KIZKAPAN Lokman
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2020 yılında Türkiye’de faaliyet göstermekte olan ve aktif büyüklük sıralamasına göre en fazla kâr oranına sahip olan ilk beş bankanın dört çeyrek dönemine ait finansal performanslarını karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmektir.
Yöntem: Bankalar birliğince dönemsel olarak yayınlanan dokuz kritere ait aktif büyüklük verilerinden yararlanarak kriter ağırlık hesapları Entropi, performans hesaplamaları TOPSIS ve PROMETHEE yöntemleriyle yapılarak ilk beş bankanın dört çeyrek dönem için finansal performansları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular farklı yöntemlerle karşılaştırılarak bu yöntemlerin karar verme sürecine ne ölçüde katkı sağladığı ve ne kadar tutarlı oldukları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. TOPSIS ve PROMETHEE yöntemlerine göre yapılan finansal performans sıralamasında birinci ve ikinci bankalar aynı ikinci ve üçüncü bankalar yer değiştirmiş durumdadır. Yapılan yıllık genel değerlendirmeye göre; banka performanslarının ikinci çeyrekte (pandemi sürecinin başlangıcı) birinci olan Ziraat Bankası haricinde ani bir performans düşüşü yaşadığı, takip eden çeyrekte Vakıfbank’ın nispeten toparlanma gösterdiği, diğer bankaların aynı kayıpları yıl sonuna kadar sürdürdüğü görülmektedir.
Özgünlük: Geleneksel yöntemlerle yalnızca performans sıralaması şeklinde yapılan değerlendirmelerden farklı olarak yapılan bu çalışmada kriter üstünlükleri yönüyle de bankaların performans değerlendirmeleri yapılarak finansal performans çalışmalarına farklı bir bakış açısı sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE ELEKTRİK DAĞITIM ŞİRKETLERİNİN ETKİNLİK VE VERİMLİLİK ANALİZİ
Authors: EMRE AYSİN Meryem , ÇALMAŞUR Gürkan
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada özelleştirme programına alınan Türkiye elektrik dağıtım şirketleri performansının etkinlik ve verimlilik açısından incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Yöntem: Veri zarflama analizi ve Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği İndeksi kullanılarak etkinlik ve verimlilik analizi yapılmıştır. Etkinlik ölçümünde, ölçeğe göre sabit getiriyi dikkate alan girdi odaklı CCR modeli ve ölçeğe göre değişen getiriyi dikkate alan girdi odaklı BCC modelleri denenmiştir. Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği İndeksi ile ilgili dönemde toplam faktör verimliliklerindeki değişme ve bu değişimin kaynakları açıklanmıştır.
Bulgular: Verimlilik 2013 yılında en düşük, 2016 yılında ise en yüksek seviyeyedir. En büyük toplam faktör verimliliği artışı 2013-2014, düşüşü ise 2014-2015 döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. Sektörün bir bütün olarak toplam faktör verimliliği artışı yıllık ortalama %10,5’tir. Çalışma sonuçları, karar birimlerinin etkinsiz çalıştığını ve dağıtım şirketlerinin hizmet verdikleri bölgelerdeki refah düzeyi farklılıklarının etkinlik üzerinde belirgin bir etkisi bulunmadığını göstermektedir.
Özgünlük: Çalışmada elektrik dağıtım şirketlerininn hem etkinlik hem de verimlikleri 2012-2018 dönemi için incelemiştir. Enerji sektörünün önemi sebebiyle bu konu araştırılmaya değer görülmüştür. Çalışma bu nedenlerle özgün nitelik taşımaktadır.
Digital Literacy, Digital Culture and Digitalization in Europe
Authors: Kreslins Karlis , Rihards Ikse Matiss , Dreijers Guntars , Vasiljeva Tatjana
Published: July 2022

The main goal of the research is to analyse and disclose linkage between digital literacy, digital culture and digitalization. The literature review covers explanation of the main concepts of European culture and digital literacy and provides an overview of previous research on digital literacy and culture.
A case report of Budd-Chiari syndrome with cardiac complications and low SpO2 successfully managed by an Integrated-approach
Authors: Vinitha E.R.
Published: July 2022

Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS] is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the triad of abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly (with or without jaundice). There will be an underlying disorder in most cases. The diagnosis, as well as management of the case, requires a multidisciplinary approach. The treatment should aim at reducing the presenting symptoms as well as removing the underlying pathology. Here we explain a case report of a 21-year-old male patient in the subacute stage of BCS with its complications and considered as a candidate for liver transplantation. His liver enzymes, PT/INR, D- dimer, and homocysteine values were above normal levels. The arterial oxygen saturation level was subnormal, and he was on supportive oxygen supplement. Inferior venacava [IVC] Doppler revealed a non-obstructive intrahepatic thrombus. The patient was treated with Homoeopathic medicine Arsenicum album and Arnica montana, given as an adjuvant to conventional treatment.
Technical Note: Unsupervised classification of ozone profiles in UKESM1
Authors: Fahrin Fouzia , Jones Daniel C. , Wu Yan , Keeble James , Archibald Alexander T.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The vertical distribution of ozone in the atmosphere, which features complex spatial and temporal variability set by a balance of production, loss, and advection, is relevant for both surface air pollution and for climate via its role in radiative forcing. At present, the way in which regions of coherent ozone structure are defined relies on somewhat arbitrarily drawn boundaries. Here we consider a more general, data-driven method for defining coherent regimes of ozone structure; we apply an unsupervised classification technique called Gaussian Mixture Modelling (GMM), which represents the underlying distribution of ozone profiles as a linear combination of multi-dimensional Gaussian functions. In doing so, GMM identifies coherent groups or sub-populations of the ozone profile distribution. As a proof-of-concept study, we apply GMM to ozone profiles from three subsets of the UKESM1 coupled climate model runs carried out for CMIP6: specifically, a historical decade and two decades from two different future climate projections (i.e. SSP1-2.6, SSP5-8.5). Despite not being given any spatiotemporal information, GMM identifies several spatially coherent regions of ozone structure. Using a combination of statistical guidance and post-hoc judgement, we select a six-class representation of global ozone, consisting of two tropical classes and four mid-to-high latitude classes. The tropical classes feature a relatively high-altitude tropopause, while the higher-latitude classes feature a lower-altitude tropopause and low values of tropospheric ozone, as expected based on broad patterns observed in the atmosphere. Both of the future projections feature lower tropospheric ozone concentrations than the historical benchmark, with signatures of ozone hole recovery. We find that the area occupied by the tropical classes is expanded in both future projections, in consistency with the tropical broadening hypothesis. Our results suggest that GMM may be a useful method for identifying coherent ozone regimes, particularly in the context of model analysis.
Quantifying the drivers of surface ozone anomalies in the urban areas over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Yin Hao , Sun Youwen , Notholt Justus , Palm Mathias , Liu Cheng
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Improved knowledge of the chemistry and drivers of surface ozone over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is significant for regulatory and control purposes in this high-altitude region in the Himalaya. In this study, we investigate the processes and drivers of surface ozone anomalies (defined as deviations of ozone levels relative to their seasonal means) between 2015 and 2020 in urban areas over the QTP. We separate quantitatively the contributions of anthropogenic emissions and meteorology to surface ozone anomalies by using the random forest (RF) machine learning model based meteorological normalization method. Diurnal and seasonal surface ozone anomalies over the QTP were mainly driven by meteorological conditions, such as temperature, planetary boundary layer height, surface incoming shortwave flux, downward transport velocity, and inter-annual anomalies were mainly driven by anthropogenic emission. Depending on region and measurement hour, diurnal surface ozone anomalies varied over -27.82 μg/m3 to 37.11 μg/m3, where meteorological and anthropogenic contributions varied over -33.88 μg/m3 to 35.86 μg/m3 and -4.32 μg/m3 to 4.05 μg/m3, respectively. Exceptional meteorology driven 97 % of surface ozone nonattainment events from 2015 to 2020 in the urban areas over the QTP. Monthly averaged surface ozone anomalies varied with much smaller amplitudes than their diurnal anomalies, where meteorological and anthropogenic contributions varied over 7.63 μg/m3 to 55.61 μg/m3 and 3.67 μg/m3 to 35.28 μg/m3 from 2015 to 2020, respectively. The inter-annual trends of surface ozone anomalies in Ngari, Lhasa, Naqu, Qamdo, Diqing, Haixi and Guoluo can be attributed to anthropogenic emissions by 95.77 %, 96.30 %, 97.83 %, 82.30 %, 99.26 %, and 87.85 %, and meteorology by 4.23 %, 3.70 %, 2.17 %, 3.19 %, 0.74 %, and 12.15 %, respectively. The inter-annual trends of surface ozone in other cities were fully driven by anthropogenic emission, where the increasing inter-annual trends would have larger values if not for the favorable meteorological conditions. This study can not only improve our knowledge with respect to spatiotemporal variability of surface ozone but also provides valuable implication for ozone mitigation over the QTP.
Monitoring Urban Heat Island Intensity with Ground-based GNSS Observations and Space-based Radio Occultation and Radiosonde Historical Data
Authors: Xia Pengfei , Peng Wei , Ye Shirong , Guo Min , Hu Fangxin
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Since Urban Heat Islands (UHI) not only negatively impact human health but consume more energy when cooling buildings, accurate monitoring of its impact is critical. In this study, we propose a ground based GNSS technique to fuse GNSS Radio Occultation (RO) and radiosonde products to monitor the UHI intensity, which described as follows: First, the first and second grid tops are defined using the historical RO and radiosonde products. Then, the wet refractivity between the first and second grid tops is fitted to the higher-order spherical harmonic function based on the RO and radiosonde products, and they are used as the inputs of GNSS tomography, which can reduce the number of unknowns voxels of tomography while increasing the effective number of satellite rays, and improving the accuracy of tomography results. Next, according to the relationships among wet refractivity, temperature, and water vapor partial, as well as the function relationships among temperature, wet pressure, and height in adjacent vertical layers, the temperature and water vapor partial pressure can be obtained using the best search method according to the tomography-derived wet refractivity. Finally, the UHI intensity is monitored by the temperature difference between the urban regions and the surrounding rural regions. The radio occultation and radiosonde products of the Hong Kong region from 2010 to 2019, and the observed GNSS network data of the Hong Kong region for the year of 2020 are employed to evaluate the UHI intensity algorithm. The validation of the algorithm is done by comparing the UHI intensity estimated from the algorithm with the temperature data obtained from weather stations. The result shows that the proposed algorithm can achieve an accuracy of 1.2 K at a 95 % confidence level.
Uncertainty in water transit time estimation with StorAge Selection functions and tracer data interpolation
Authors: Borriero Arianna , Kumar Rohini , Nguyen Tam V. , Fleckenstein Jan H. , Lutz Stefanie R.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Transit time distributions (TTDs) of streamflow are useful descriptors for understanding flow and solute transport in catchments. Catchment-scale TTDs can be modeled using tracer data (e.g., δ18O; oxygen isotopes) in inflow and outflows, with StorAge Selection (SAS) functions. However, tracer data are often sparse in space and time, so they can be interpolated to increase their spatio-temporal resolution. Also, SAS functions can be parameterized with different forms, but there is no general agreement on which one should be used. Both of these aspects induce uncertainty in the simulated TTDs, and the individual uncertainty sources as well as their combined effect have not been fully investigated. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the TTD uncertainty resulting from twelve model setups obtained by combining different interpolation schemes for δ18O in precipitation, and distinct SAS functions. Furthermore, we evaluated the value of the young water fraction (Fyw) as an additional constraint for the TTD uncertainty. For each model setup, we found behavioral solutions with satisfactory model performances for instream δ18O (Kling-Gupta Efficiency, KGE>0.57). Differences in KGE values were statistically significant, thus showing the relevance of the chosen setup for simulating TTDs. We found a large uncertainty in the simulated TTDs, with a 90 % confidence interval varying between 286 and 895 days across all tested setups. Uncertainty in TTDs was mainly associated with the temporal interpolation of δ18O in precipitation, time-variant SAS function and low flow conditions. The use of Fyw as an additional constraint substantially reduced the uncertainty in the predicted TTDs by up to 49 %. We discussed the implications of these results with respect to the study area and the SAS framework, in order to identify ways to improve uncertainty characterization and water age simulations in TTD-based models.
DETECTION OF CLOUDS IN MEDIUM-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY USING DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETS
Authors: Hasan A. , Witharana C. , Udawalpola M. R. , Liljedahl A. K.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Cloud detection is an inextricable pre-processing step in remote sensing image analysis workflows. Most of the traditional rule-based and machine-learning-based algorithms utilize low-level features of the clouds and classify individual cloud pixels based on their spectral signatures. Cloud detection using such approaches can be challenging due to a multitude of factors including harsh lighting conditions, the presence of thin clouds, the context of surrounding pixels, and complex spatial patterns. In recent studies, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown outstanding results in the computer vision domain. These methods are practiced for better capturing the texture, shape as well as context of images. In this study, we propose a deep learning CNN approach to detect cloud pixels from medium-resolution satellite imagery. The proposed CNN accounts for both the low-level features, such as color and texture information as well as high-level features extracted from successive convolutions of the input image. We prepared a cloud-pixel dataset of approximately 7273 randomly sampled 320 by 320 pixels image patches taken from a total of 121 Landsat-8 (30m) and Sentinel-2 (20m) image scenes. These satellite images come with cloud masks. From the available data channels, only blue, green, red, and NIR bands are fed into the model. The CNN model was trained on 5300 image patches and validated on 1973 independent image patches. As the final output from our model, we extract a binary mask of cloud pixels and non-cloud pixels. The results are benchmarked against established cloud detection methods using standard accuracy metrics.
SPATIAL MODELING OF MULTI-SCENARIO OPTIMAL SOLAR PV POWER PLANT DISTRIBUTION TO SUPPORT INDONESIA'S CLEAN ENERGY ACHIEVEMENT TARGETS
Authors: Ihsan K. T. N. , Anggraini T. S. , Adrian M. , Rohayani P. , Sakti A. D.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The increasing population brings the increasing energy demand. The increasing production of fossil energy makes many gas emissions. This causes some effect like global warming. The production of clean energy concerns the world government. Solar energy has great attention from many countries worldwide, seeing the potential of the energy produced, the ease of installation process, and the small risk of damage. The potential of solar energy in Indonesia itself reaches 4.8 KWh/m2 or equivalent to 112,000 GWp. Currently, the Indonesian government has a target for constructing solar power plants in 2025 of 0.87 GW or around 50 MWp/year. The absence of research on determining the appropriate location based on multiple aspects is one of the obstacles in planning the construction of a solar PV power plant. Good planning is needed to determine the management and installation of an optimum and sustainable solar PV power plant. This research aims to develop an effective and efficient multi-scenario spatial model for the distribution of Solar PV (Photovoltaic) power plant development in Indonesia. The novelty in the study of the distribution of solar energy potential integrates meteorological and Geographic aspects and socio-economic aspects. The integration of dynamic multi-spatial data is used to determine the location of the development of solar power plants. Meteorological data is used to calculate potential energy, socio-economic data is used to determine the location for energy demand, and geographic aspect is used to know the suitable environment to install solar PV. The output of this research is the location of the priorities for the development of communal solar power plants in Indonesia. The distribution of effective Solar PV power plant development in Indonesia using a multi-scenario spatial model is divided into five suitability classes. The percentage of suitability class is 0.2% very low class, 3.5% low, 32.4% medium 56.9% high class, and very high 7%. The result is published in WebGIS that can access in link http://bit.ly/ModelPLTSIndonesia. It is hoped the results of this research can be used as material for consideration and one of the solutions for policymakers in making decisions regarding the development of communal solar power plants in Indonesia.