bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLA PENYEBARAN CAPUNG (ODONATA) DI KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM SURANADI LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Ilhamdi Mohammad Liwa
Published: March 2018

ABSTRAKÃÂ Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ÃÂ untuk menganalisis pola distribusiÃÂ  capung (Odonata) di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif eksploratif yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data ialah metode penangkapan capung dengan jaring serangga mengikuti ÃÂ empat jalur transek yaitu jalur pinggir kiri hutan, jalur pinggir kanan hutan, jalur tengah dan jalur air. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan dalam waktu 1 bulan pada pagi hari pukul 08.00 Ã¢â¬â 11. 00 wita dan sore hari pukul 15.00Ã¢â¬â17.00 wita Perhitungan indeks pola penyebaran ÃÂ capung menggunakan rumus dari Southwood. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah spesies capung yang ditemukan di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi terdiri dari 19 spesies yang termasuk kedalam 5 famili (2) Pola penyebaran capung berkategori mengelompok (15 spesies) danÃÂ  pola penyebaran merata (4 spesies).ÃÂ Kata-kata Kunci: Capung, Pola Penyebaran, Suranadi.ÃÂ ÃÂ ABSTRACTÃÂ The aim of this research is to analyze ÃÂ the distribution pattern of the dragonflies (Odonata) in the Area of Nature Park Suranadi. This is an explorative descriptive study conducted in May 2017. The method used in data collection is survey method with sweeping net technique following observation path (Left Edge, Right Edge, Central Line and Water Line). Data retrieval is done 2 times repetition within 1 month in the morning at 08.00 - 11.00 pm ÃÂ and afternoon at 15.00-17.00 pm. ÃÂ The pattern analysis of the distribution of dragonflies using the formula variance value of Southwood . ÃÂ The results showed that (1) the number of species of dragonflies found in Suranadi Nature Park Area consists of 19 species belonging to 5 families (2) distribution pattern ofÃÂ  dragonflies ÃÂ are distributed in groups (15 species) and uniform distribution pattern (4 species).ÃÂ Key Words: Dragonflies, distribution Patterns, Suranadi.
Movimiento del agua freática y concentración de sales en suelos agrícolas
Authors: Coras Merino Pablo Miguel , Ontiveros Capurata Ronald , Diakite Diakite Lamine
Published: March 2018

En periodos de lluvias 223.8 ha en San Martín Netzahualcóyotl, Estado de México, presentan problemas de exceso de humedad y altas concentraciones de sales solubles en los estratos del suelo y aguas freáticas, que varían a lo largo del año con el movimiento descendente y ascendente del nivel freático que provoca bajos rendimientos de los cultivos. En éste trabajo se elaboraron planos de isobatas, para ubicar las áreas de exceso de humedad, isohypsas muestran las direcciones y movimiento de los f lujos subterráneos e isosalinidad en los perfiles del suelo. Se determinó la oscilación del nivel freático mediante el análisis de 27 muestras de suelo y agua por año durante el periodo de 2006 a 2011. Se encontró que las lluvias de agosto (33 mm) y septiembre (100.5 mm) son las causantes del ascenso del nivel freático y excesos de agua en el suelo en 0.58 ha a 0.65 ha por milímetro de precipitación en 223.8 ha. A niveles freáticos mayores a 1.51 m de profundidad los suelos presentaron baja salinidad y sodicidad (72.36 ha). A niveles freáticos menores a 1.5 mm y aguas freáticas de mediana a alta en sales, se encontraron, suelos salinos y/o sódicos cubriendo 59 ha. (26%) de la superficie total.
Fertilización orgánica complementada con inorgánica en pistacho: efecto sobre la dinámica nutricional foliar y rendimiento
Authors: Q Rolando , Sánchez Chávez Esteban , Guerrero Morales Sergio , Rivas Lucero Bertha Alicia , Anchondo Najera Álvaro
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta de diferente dosis de fertilizante orgánico complementada con inorgánico sobre la dinámica nutricional foliar y el rendimiento en pistacho. El trabajo consistió en estudiar el efecto de 4 dosis de composta de ganado vacuno lechero como fuente de nitrógeno complementada con 11-52-00. Los tratamientos fueron: (T0) testigo (sin aplicación); (T1) 5 t ha-1 de composta más 480.66 kg ha-1 de 11-52-00; (T2) 10 t ha-1 de composta más 436 kg ha-1 de 11-52-00; (T3) 15 t ha-1 de composta más 406 kg ha-1 de 11-52-00; y (T4) 20 t ha-1 de composta más 377 kg ha-1 de 11-52-00. La fecha de aplicación del fertilizante fue el 16 de marzo de 2012 (en una sola aplicación), la aplicación fue en banda a una profundidad de 10 cm, estas dosis de aplicación fueron de acuerdo a los resultados de análisis de suelo de la huerta, en árboles de la variedad, Nazaret - Chico para machos y Sfax para hembra de 15 años de edad y en producción. Los resultados indican que la mejor dosis de fertilización fue 10 t ha-1 de composta complementada con 436 kg ha-1 de 11-52-00, dando un rendimiento de 4 037.6 kg ha-1, lo cual incrementó 63.16% más de producción en relación al testigo (sin aplicación). Éstos datos preliminares, se concluye que la fertilización orgánica complementada con inorgánica, pudiera ser una alternativa viable para mejorar el estado nutricional y la producción en pistacho.
Análisis de producción y comercialización de hortalizas: caso del mercado de Huixcolotla, Puebla
Authors: Arvizu Barrón Ezequiel , Jiménez Sánchez Leobardo , Jiménez Velázquez Mercedes A. , Quispe Limaylla Anibal , Ávila Dorantes José A.
Published: March 2018

En la región de Huixcolotla se llevó a cabo el estudio sobre los agentes que participan en el proceso de producción y comercialización de hortalizas en la región que impacta el mercado de Huixcolotla, Puebla. Se trata de un estudio explicativo que persigue profundizar en el conocimiento de dicho mercado, basado en el enfoque de Malinowski con el propósito de identificar áreas de abasto; productos agrícolas que se producen y comercializan; costos de producción y comercialización; agentes que intervienen; los municipios que lo abastecen; así como factores que han influido en su desarrollo. Por medio de entrevistas estructuradas, se recogieron los datos sobre las actividades desarrolladas. El análisis del área se llevó a cabo de otoño 2010 y primavera 2011, considerando seis municipios del estado de Puebla: Huixcolotla, Los Reyes de Juárez, Zacapala, Cuapiaxtla, Ixcaquixtla y Quecholac. Los siguientes productos estudiados son: tomate verde, calabacita, brócoli, col, lechuga, zanahoria, desde su producción hasta la comercialización, haciendo énfasis en su integración a la economía regional. Los resultados indican que en el mercado de Huixcolotla se llevan a cabo procesos, directamente integran a los productores con actividades de comercialización. Sin embargo, existen factores que impiden una eficiencia productiva y económica en las actividades desempeñadas.
Principles for Rating of State Aid and de Minimis Aid in Repayable Finance
Authors: Kowalski Dariusz
Published: March 2018

Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the article is an analysis of the state aid rules by state authorities in the context of calculating the amount of state aid. This problem was discussed on the basis of a relatively new form of assistance repayable instruments. The aim of this article is to identify the noncompliance of the rules generally applicable to the rules for repayable support. Materials and methods: In order to achieve the objectives set, the analysis of the identified problems was based on non-reactive research involving the assessment of available information. It included studies of normative acts, literature of the subject and reports and analyzes. Results: It has been identified that the current form of act on State aid cases does not take into account the specific nature of aid calculation under return instruments, which is that the final value of the state aid is known only after the repayment of the financial instrument. Conclusions: The legislator should adjust the law on proceedings in state aid cases, the more frequently used form of State intervention is repayable finance. The current practice differs from the literal wording of the provisions in question and should therefore be amended to adapt the provisions to this form of aid.
Phases in the Lifecycle of a Company and the Profitability of Industrial Companies
Authors: Kuś Agnieszka , Żurakowska-Sawa Joanna
Published: March 2018

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this study is to analyse the profitability level of industrial companies in various phases of their lifecycle. Materials and methods: The article uses data from individual annual financial statements of industrial companies in accordance with the classification of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. In order to investigate whether there are essential differences in the level of profitability of companies in various phases of their lifecycle, due to significant deviations from normality, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test was used. To find out which lifecycle phases differ significantly in terms of the level of analysed profitability ratios, a test of multiple comparisons of medium ranks was used (Post-hoc Dunn’s test). Results: The obtained research results show that a given lifecycle phase significantly differentiates the level of the analysed profitability indices. Conclusions: Based on the conducted research, it was found that the company’s lifecycle phase statistically significantly differentiates the level of the analysed profitability indices. In the early phases of the lifecycle, the level of profitability in the surveyed companies increased gradually reaching maximum and stable values in the phase of maturity or shake-out, after which it decreased in the decline phase. This points to an evolutionary transition of individual companies to the next phase of the lifecycle.
Efeito heterótico em características da carcaça e da carne de novilhos terminados em confinamento
Authors: Cattelam Jonatas , Brondani Ivan Luiz , Alves Filho Dari Celestino , Restle João , Martini Ana Paula Machado , Martini Patrícia Machado , Silva Mauren Burin da , Domingues Camille Carijo
Published: March 2018

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito heterótico sobre as características da carcaça e da carne de novilhos do cruzamento entre as raças Charolês (Ch) e Nelore (Ne) e cruzados entre essas raças de quinta (21/32Ch 11/32Ne; 21/32Ne 11/32Ch) e sexta (43/64Ch 21/64Ne; 43/64Ne 21/64Ch) gerações, terminados em confinamento. A dieta cotinha relação volumoso: concentrado de 39: 61 (base na matéria seca).Para o total de músculos na carcaça, o efeito heterótico foi significativo na quinta e sexta gerações, com valores de 14,7 e 15,8 kg, e para os pesos de gordura e osso apenas na quinta geração, com valores de 5,90 e 4,49, citados na mesma ordem. Quando os tecidos foram expressos por 100 kg de carcaça fria, assim como para as relações entre os tecidos, o efeito heterótico não foi significativo em nenhuma das gerações do cruzamento.  Entre os definidos, novilhos da raça Charolês foram superiores aos Nelore no total de músculo na carcaça (145,7 contra 116,0 kg) e no percentual desse tecido na carcaça (67,7 e 62,2%), sendo que os animais zebuínos apresentaram maiores peso (41,7 e 37,9 kg) e participação de gordura na carcaça em relação aos taurinos (22,3 contra 17,5%). Para as perdas de líquido, houve efeito heterótico para as perdas ao descongelar na quinta geração (2,95%) e para perdas ao cozimento na sexta geração (-5,07%), porém para a perda total de líquidos e para as características organolépticas da carne não houve efeito heterótico em nenhuma das gerações.
Uso da plasticidade morfológica como estratégia para a redução da população de plantas em cultivares de soja
Authors: Büchling Cristiano , Oliveira Neto Antonio Mendes de , Guerra Naiara , Bottega Eduardo Leonel
Published: March 2018

A produtividade de uma cultura é definida pela interação entre a planta, o ambiente de produção e o manejo. Dentre as práticas de manejo está a época de semeadura, a escolha da cultivar, o espaçamento e a população de plantas. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da população de plantas sobre a produtividade de grãos de nove cultivares de soja, em duas localidades, Campo Mourão - PR e Passo Fundo - RS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, organizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 9, com três repetições. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em área experimental, localizados nos municípios de Campo Mourão – PR e Passo Fundo - RS. O período de condução foi de Outubro 2011 a Abril de 2012. A densidade de semeadura foi avaliada em quatro níveis (150, 250, 350, 450 mil plantas ha-1). O segundo fator consistiu de nove cultivares de soja (Fepagro 36 RR; Fepagro 37 RR; FPS Iguaçu RR; FPS Júpiter RR; FPS Netuno RR; FPS Paranapanema RR; FPS Solimões RR; BRS Tordilha RR; FPS Urano RR). Ao final do ciclo avaliou-se a produtividade de grãos. A produtividade de grãos de soja foi pouco influenciada pela população de plantas avaliada. A cultivar FPS Júpiter RR e BRS Tordilha RR bem como FPS Netuno RR e FPS Urano RR se destacaram para valor de altos rendimentos nas regiões de Campo Mourão e Passo Fundo, respectivamente.
Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos do surubim do Iguaçu (Steindachneridion melanodermatum) criados em tanques-rede
Authors: Zaminhan Micheli , Maluf Marcia Luzia Ferrarezi , Fries Edionei Maico , Salvador Silvia Cristina , Feiden ALdi , Boscolo Wilson Rogério
Published: March 2018

O surubim do Iguaçu (S. melanodermatum) é o maior pimelodídeo do Rio Iguaçu, podendo atingir até 15,0 kg e 70,0 cm de comprimento. Porém, escassos são os estudos sobre sua fisiologia principalmente em relação às características hematológicas e bioquímicas da espécie, que são fundamentais por contribuírem na compreensão fisiológica, filogenética e o estado de saúde dos peixes. Dentro desse intuito, o presente trabalho avaliou as características hematológicas e bioquímicas do Surubim do Iguaçu cultivados em tanques – rede. Determinou-se os seguintes parâmetros: concentração de hemoglobina, percentual de hematócrito, contagem de eritrócitos, volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM), concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM). Para os parâmetros bioquímicos determinou–se: glicose plasmática, proteínas totais, colesterol total e triglicerídeos. Os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos observados no surubim do Iguaçu S. melanodermatum  fornecem valores sanguíneos que poderão servir de comparação, para mesma espécie em outras situações de cultivo.
Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos do jundiá (Rhamdia voulezi) alimentados com rações orgânica e convencional
Authors: Signor Flavia Renata Potrich , Signor Arcangelo Augusto , Signor Altevir , Feiden Aldi , Boscolo Wilson Rogério
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estado de saúde de jundiás (Rhamdia voulezi) através da análise hematológica e bioquímica dos peixes submetidos à alimentação com rações orgânica e comercial, criados em tanques-rede. Foram utilizados 800 jundiás com peso médio de 147,25±20,88 g e 24,3±1,00 cm, respectivamente, distribuídos em um delineamento casualizado em dois tratamentos, sendo um alimentado com ração certificada orgânica e comercial. Para a determinação do estado de saúde, foi coletado 1 mL de sangue dos animais por punção caudal com seringas contendo EDTA, para análise dos parâmetros hematológicos de eritrócitos, hematócrito, hemoglobina, concentração de volume corpuscular médio e volume corpuscular médio e bioquímicos de proteína, glicose e colesterol dos peixes. Os resultados dos parâmetros hematológicos não apresentaram diferenças significativas (P>0,05) em função da alimentação com ração orgânica e comercial.  No entanto, os valores bioquímicos de proteína e glicose apresentam diferença significava (P<0,05) com maiores valores observados para os peixes alimentados com ração convencional. Conclui-se que o estado de saúde dos jundiás criados em tanques-rede, sofreu influência da alimentação com certificação orgânica e convencional para os parâmetros de proteína e glicose
Uso e cobertura da terra para o município de Clevelândia, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: França Luciano Cavalcante de Jesus , Lisboa Gerson Dos Santos , Silva João Batista Lopes da , Cerqueira Clebson Lima , Stepka Thiago Floriani
Published: March 2018

Neste estudo objetivou-se caracterizar do uso e cobertura da terra do município de Clevelândia, estado do Paraná, utilizando o Índice de Vegetação da Diferença Normalizada (NDVI), dividindo-o em classes de níveis de antropização da terra. Para isso, utilizou-se imagens do Satélite CBERS 2 e a classificação não-supervisionada com o algoritmo Maxver, definindo três classes de antropização da terra (I) Alta, (II) Moderada e (III) Baixa ou Nenhuma antropização. Os procedimentos para a classificação foram realizados utilizando o software ArcGIS 10.2. Com base nos resultados deste estudo,  estimou-se que a classe de antropização Alta, caracterizada pelas áreas com ausência parcial ou total de vegetação, ocupa 146,37 km² (21%), a classe Moderada, caracterizada pelas áreas com presença de vegetação rasteira, ocupa 229,97 km² (32%), e a classe Baixa ou Nenhuma, caracterizada por vegetação adensada, sobretudo as áreas que sofreram pouca ou nenhuma antropização humana, ocupam 328,70 km² (47%). As técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento aplicadas neste estudo, aliados à detecção do quantitativo vegetacional, usando o NDVI para classificação da ocupação e uso da terra para o município de Clevelândia, foram consideradas satisfatórias. Os resultados deste estudo podem subsidiar estratégias de conservação, proteção ambiental e manejo do solo e dos recursos naturais da região de estudo.
Aplicação de cobertura de quitosana em jabuticabas
Authors: Silva Estéfani , Soares Dayana , Oliveira Taysa , Pinto Ellen , Nascimento Wallace , Souza Adriana
Published: March 2018

A jabuticabeira é uma frutífera nativa do Brasil, que possui frutos com período de utilização bastante reduzido devido a sua alta perecibilidade. Além disso, a jabuticaba é um fruto que contem grande valor nutricional, apresentando em sua composição alto teor de antocianinas, pigmentos naturais solúveis em água. Visando o aumento do vida de útil deste fruto aplicou-se cobertura comestível a base de quitosana, formando barreira contra gases e proporcionando ação antifúngica. As coberturas foram preparadas com quitosana, cloreto de cálcio, água destilada e acidificadas com acido lático. As jabuticabas foram imersas em solução de cobertura, secas e armazenadas sob temperatura de refrigeração por 360 horas. Durante a armazenagem foram avaliadas, a cada 72h em triplicata, quanto a perda de massa, teor de sólidos solúveis, teor de antocianinas, acidez, pH e cor. Os sólidos solúveis, pH e acidez titulável não alcançaram diferença significativa entre os frutos com a cobertura de quitosana e sem a mesma para a extensão da vida útil.A perda de massa em 288horas teve uma diferença de 0,45% em relação as frutas sem cobertura.Em relação a cor, os frutos ficaram na faixa de cor violeta. Os frutos com cobertura apresentaram maior saturaçãoe se tornaram mais escura devido a queda nos índices de luminosidade. Quanto ao teor de antocianinas houve uma redução de 24,61% a menos que os frutos que não receberam a cobertura de quitosana.
Efeito de diferentes revestimentos sobre o escurecimento enzimático em maçã
Authors: Silva Bruno , Oliveira Taysa , Pinto Ellen , Barbosa Thaís , Soares Dayana
Published: March 2018

A maçã é uma das frutas de maior cultivo em todo o globo, e no Brasil ela tem expressiva parcela produzida, especificamente na região sul do país. Porém, grande quantidade do que é cultivado é perdido na pós-colheita, sendo assim, para contornar este entrave, foi realizado experimento para avaliar a capacidade de diferentes revestimentos, em aumentarem a vida útil do fruto in natura. Os revestimentos empregados foram a proteína 5%, a fécula de mandioca 5% e o ácido cítrico 1,5%, foi utilizado também a testemunha sem nenhuma substância. Foram armazenadas em câmera fria por 13 dias, e avaliadas a cada dois dias quanto à relação pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez, perda de massa, teor de melanoidinas e compostos fenólicos. Os revestimentos se mostraram ineficientes em reduzir o progresso do escurecimento enzimático e perda de massa, além de não manter os valores de acidez titulável, pH e sólidos solúveis.
O grotesco em Shrek 2 (2004): um olhar semiótico
Authors: Dias Luiz Antonio Xavier
Published: March 2018

A partir da base teórica pautada nos fundamentos semióticos de carnavalização e grotesco proposta por Bakhtin (1999; 1981; 2003; 1992) – neste artigo, apresentamos o resultado de pesquisa teórica que procurou investigar a noção de carnavalização do grotesco e também do riso em duas cenas enunciativas da obra cinematográfica Shrek 2 (2004). A animação da Dreamworks, teve sua inspiração na obra literária Shrek, seu maior mérito foi o de desconstruir personagens típicos como o ogro que se torna príncipe e uma princesa também  ogra, tais fatos trouxeram grande mudança para o seguimento de animações digitais. A partir da descrição das cenas e do arcabouço teórico proposto pelo teórico russo,  nosso objetivo foi de desvelar vários sentidos alicerçados no riso e no grotesco.
Consequências Do Intervencionismo No Mercado De Saúde Suplementar Brasileiro
Authors: Sperandio Luan
Published: March 2018

A ascensão do intervencionismo no mercado de saúde privado no Brasil a partir dos anos 1990, por meio da Lei 9.656/1998, da criação de Agência Reguladora no setor e por intermédio da formação de uma jurisprudência que desrespeita contratos ao mitigar a autonomia da vontade tem causado perversos reflexos econômicos e sociais, tais como oligopolização do setor, a escassez na oferta de planos de saúde individuais, a criação de incentivos à judicialização de ações por parte dos contratantes e o encarecimento dos planos de saúde mediante o estabelecimento do plano referencial mínimo, além de cercear a livre concorrência entre os empreendedores do setor.
“No meio da gente”:
Authors: Felice Flavio
Published: March 2018

O artigo discute os termos povo e autoridade na perspectiva cristã, com particular referência à perspectiva teórica do sociólogo e cientista político Luigi Sturzo. A partir da constatação de que as decisões  do líder das  necessidades  do povo – o “estar no meio da gente” – pode assumir diversos sentidos, por vezes contraditórios, o autor analisa o possível significado da noção de ‘povo’ na tradição ‘populista’ clássica e naquela do ‘popularismo’ como a teoria política que nasce como tentativa de Sturzo de historicizar os princípios da Doutrina Social da Igreja. Para tornar clara a relação e a diferença entre o populismo e o popularismo, o autor introduz o conceito de ‘autoridade política’ desenvolvido por Sturzo, que a uma noção problemática de ‘we rationality’ opõe uma “concreta” “racionalidade do eu”: o princípio “unificador transcendente”, a ponto de transcender o próprio interesse imediato para fazer próprias as razões dos outros.
Utopia Como Religião:
Authors: Martins Yago
Published: March 2018

Um dos grandes desafios da ciência política atual está no fato de que o pensamento político muitas vezes se manifesta como um substituto da religião: metanarrativas de um telos desmistificado para a história. Ao longo da produção literária da ciência política pós-iluminista, ideias de transformação social acabaram promovendo desejos de paraísos terrestres quase místicos, se não além-homem. As origens destes desejos seculares por um fim da história baseado em modificações econômicas são tanto psicológicas quanto históricas. Eric Voegelin, Martin Buber e Émile Cioran mostram como os socialismos desapossaram progressivamente a escatologia religiosa de sua esfera de atuação e a trouxeram à história comum, de forma a tornar cada vez mais possível para o homem acreditar que, em um momento futuro, qualquer ato político tornará lógico o absurdo, e harmônico o desarmônico. No presente trabalho, o autor visa apresentar uma crítica ao sistema utópico e à sua natureza de esperança religiosa, usando e avançando a proto-crítica austríaca.
Varieties of Rural Experience: Country Communities in Virginia and Wessex
Authors: Miller J. Hillis
Published: March 2018

After an initial reflection on just what might be meant by ‘rural experience’, the essay turns to an explicit comparison of the author's childhood experiences on his maternal grandparents’ farm in Afton, Virginia, with Thomas Hardy's rendition in his novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, of his childhood experiences in Upper Bockhampton, Dorsetshire. Both Miller and Hardy seem to represent their childhood places as examples of genuine ‘organic communities’, but the essay shows in detail ways in which the model of organic community does not quite work in either case. This ‘non-working’, however, is not the same in each instance. The essay shows this in detail, especially by way of attention to the southern heritage of slavery in modern Afton, and by way of the narrator's ironic detachment in Under the Greenwood Tree as well as through the photographs that illustrated early editions of Hardy's novel and through the reference in the subtitle to the novel as ‘A Rural Painting of the Dutch School’.
Inaction, Indecision, and Public Politics in Gissing's Veranilda
Authors: Ue Tom
Published: March 2018

This article examines George Gissing's unfinished novel Veranilda (1904) to argue for the insights that it imparts on the debates between individual agency and deterministic circumstances, and between action and inaction. Criticism has performed the crucial task of situating the novel in the contexts of Gissing's oeuvre, his study of the Classics, and its publication. My essay contributes to scholarship by attending to the development of Basil, the central protagonist, to reveal the value of indecision and inaction in the context of the novel's political climate. I begin by analysing the conclusions that have been put forward by Gissing's contemporaries and especially the ending that is foreshadowed by the published text. In so doing, I show how Veranilda seems to insist upon the futility of an individual's actions notwithstanding his or her best intentions. I go on to analyse Basil's social position as an aristocrat, discussing how its attendant qualities in class and bearing could not have prepared him for the challenges of dealing with the story's conflicts. Where Basil begins as a very real victim of circumstance, I trace his development of independence and free will – terms that have particular force when applied to Gissing's wider oeuvre.
The Pleasure of That Obstinacy: An Interview with J. Hillis Miller
Authors: Van Dam Frederik
Published: March 2018

This article presents a remediated transcript of The Pleasure of That Obstinacy, a documentary-interview in which J. Hillis Miller reflects on the place of Anthony Trollope in his thinking and writing. Miller first considers how his views on Trollope were shaped by the critics Georges Poulet and Paul de Man, and dwells on the way in which the study of literature differs from and intersects with the sciences. Moving further back in time, the interview turns to Miller's first encounter with literature. This section segues into a discussion of the interpretation of moving images. In conclusion, Miller reflects on the value of literature in an ecologically fragile world that has been altered fundamentally by modern forms of media and technology.
Spectrum Allocation Based on an Improved Gravitational Search Algorithm
Authors: Liu Liping , Wang Ning , Chen Zhigang , Guo Lin
Published: March 2018

In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), improving system utility and ensuring system fairness are two important issues. In this paper, we propose a spectrum allocation model to construct CRNs based on graph coloring theory, which contains three classes of matrices: available matrix, utility matrix, and interference matrix. Based on the model, we formulate a system objective function by jointly considering two features: system utility and system fairness. Based on the proposed model and the objective problem, we develop an improved gravitational search algorithm (IGSA) from two aspects: first, we introduce the pattern search algorithm (PSA) to improve the global optimization ability of the original gravitational search algorithm (GSA); second, we design the Chebyshev chaotic sequences to enhance the convergence speed and precision of the algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than traditional methods in spectrum allocation.
Miro—Working beyond Mitochondria and Microtubules
Authors: Tang Bor
Published: March 2018

The small GTPase Miro is best known for its regulation of mitochondrial movement by engaging with the microtubule-based motor proteins kinesin and dynein. Very recent findings have now showed that Miro also targets peroxisomes and regulates microtubule-dependent peroxisome motility. Moreover, Miro recruits and stabilizes the myosin motor Myo19 at the mitochondria to enable actin-based mitochondria movement, which is important for mitochondrial segregation during mitosis. Miro thus has much broader functions that previously known, and these new findings may have important implications on disease pathology.
Powerplant Reliability Issues and Wear Monitoring in Aircraft Piston Engines. Part II: Engine Diagnostic
Authors: Piancastelli Luca
Published: March 2018

This paper introduces a method to efficiently monitor the status of a piston engine during flight. ECUs (Electronic Control Units) make it possible to fly safely without emergencies or urgencies with random electronic failures of components and connections. The same can be easily done on older engines by adding a reliable digital monitoring system and an automated calibration of the carburetors. In fact, their reliability is several order of magnitude inferior to modern turboshafts. In modern engines with FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) as the “on” button is pressed the sensors and actuators are checked. The CPUs will then run start-up during the cranking phase (engine running without ignition). If everything is all right, then the engine starts and the post start checks are also performed. During flight, the ECU checks CPUs, sensors and actuators. Therefore, the electronic system can be monitored with high reliability without much effort. The sensors may crosscheck the engine situation and may output very reliable early diagnosis of incoming failures. Statistical data on spare parts are invaluable for monitoring application, signaling weak or not-lasting components and failure modes. This is another advantage of automotive piston engines conversions to aircraft use.
Notes on Computational Uncertainties in Probabilistic Risk/Safety Assessment
Authors: Rauzy Antoine
Published: March 2018

In this article, we study computational uncertainties in probabilistic risk/safety assessment resulting from the computational complexity of calculations of risk indicators. We argue that the risk analyst faces the fundamental epistemic and aleatory uncertainties of risk assessment with a bounded calculation capacity, and that this bounded capacity over-determines both the design of models and the decisions that can be made from models. We sketch a taxonomy of modelling technologies and recall the main computational complexity results. Then, based on a review of state of the art assessment algorithms for fault trees and event trees, we make some methodological proposals aiming at drawing conceptual and practical consequences of bounded calculability.
Quantifying Chaos by Various Computational Methods. Part 2: Vibrations of the Bernoulli–Euler Beam Subjected to Periodic and Colored Noise
Authors: Awrejcewicz Jan , Krysko Anton , Erofeev Nikolay , Dobriyan Vitalyi , Barulina Marina , Krysko Vadim
Published: March 2018

In this part of the paper, the theory of nonlinear dynamics of flexible Euler–Bernoulli beams (the kinematic model of the first-order approximation) under transverse harmonic load and colored noise has been proposed. It has been shown that the introduced concept of phase transition allows for further generalization of the problem. The concept has been extended to a so-called noise-induced transition, which is a novel transition type exhibited by nonequilibrium systems embedded in a stochastic fluctuated medium, the properties of which depend on time and are influenced by external noise. Colored noise excitation of a structural system treated as a system with an infinite number of degrees of freedom has been studied.
Q-Neutrosophic Soft Relation and Its Application in Decision Making
Authors: Abu Qamar Majdoleen , Hassan Nasruddin
Published: March 2018

Q-neutrosophic soft sets are essentially neutrosophic soft sets characterized by three independent two-dimensional membership functions which stand for uncertainty, indeterminacy and falsity. Thus, it can be applied to two-dimensional imprecise, indeterminate and inconsistent data which appear in most real life problems. Relations are a suitable tool for describing correspondences between objects. In this study we introduce and discuss Q-neutrosophic soft relations, which can be discussed as a generalization of fuzzy soft relations, intuitionistic fuzzy soft relations, and neutrosophic soft relations. Q-neutrosophic soft relation is a sub Q-neutrosophic soft set of the Cartesian product of the Q-neutrosophic soft sets, in other words Q-neutrosophic soft relation is Q-neutrosophic soft sets in a Cartesian product of universes. We also present the notions of inverse, composition of Q-neutrosophic soft relations and functions along with some related theorems and properties. Reflexivity, symmetry, transitivity as well as equivalence relations and equivalence classes of Q-neutrosophic soft relations are also defined. Some properties of these concepts are presented and supported by real life examples. Finally, an algorithm to solve decision making problems using Q-neutrosophic soft relations is developed and verified by an example to show the efficiency of this method.
First- and Second-Order Hypothesis Testing for Mixed Memoryless Sources
Authors: Han Te Sun , Nomura Ryo
Published: March 2018

The first- and second-order optimum achievable exponents in the simple hypothesis testing problem are investigated. The optimum achievable exponent for type II error probability, under the constraint that the type I error probability is allowed asymptotically up to

ε

, is called the

ε

-optimum exponent. In this paper, we first give the second-order

ε

-optimum exponent in the case where the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis are a mixed memoryless source and a stationary memoryless source, respectively. We next generalize this setting to the case where the alternative hypothesis is also a mixed memoryless source. Secondly, we address the first-order

ε

-optimum exponent in this setting. In addition, an extension of our results to the more general setting such as hypothesis testing with mixed general source and a relationship with the general compound hypothesis testing problem are also discussed.
Analysis and Design of a Maglev Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor to Reduce Additional Torque in dq Current Control
Authors: Xing Feng , Kou Baoquan , Zhang Lu , Wang Tiecheng , Zhang Chaoning
Published: March 2018

The maglev linear motor has three degrees of motion freedom, which are respectively realized by the thrust force in the x-axis, the levitation force in the z-axis and the torque around the y-axis. Both the thrust force and levitation force can be seen as the sum of the forces on the three windings. The resultant thrust force and resultant levitation force are independently controlled by d-axis current and q-axis current respectively. Thus, the commonly used dq transformation control strategy is suitable for realizing the control of the resultant force, either thrust force and levitation force. However, the forces on the three windings also generate additional torque because they do not pass the mover mass center. To realize the maglev system high-precision control, a maglev linear motor with a new structure is proposed in this paper to decrease this torque. First, the electromagnetic model of the motor can be deduced through the Lorenz force formula. Second, the analytic method and finite element method are used to explore the reason of this additional torque and what factors affect its change trend. Furthermore, a maglev linear motor with a new structure is proposed, with two sets of 90 degrees shifted winding designed on the mover. Under such a structure, the mover position dependent periodic part of the additional torque can be offset. Finally, the theoretical analysis is validated by the simulation result that the additionally generated rotating torque can be offset with little fluctuation in the proposed new-structure maglev linear motor. Moreover, the control system is built in MATLAB/Simulink, which shows that it has small thrust ripple and high-precision performance.
Treatment of Oily Wastewater by the Optimization of Fe2O3 Calcination Temperatures in Innovative Bio-Electron-Fenton Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Jung-Chen , Yan Wei-Mon , Wang Chin-Tsan , Wang Chen-Hao , Pai Yi-Hao , Wang Kai-Chin , Chen Yan-Ming , Lan Tzu-Hsuan , Thangavel Sangeetha
Published: March 2018

Due to the fact that Iron oxide (Fe2O3) is known to have a good effect on the photochemical reaction of catalysts, an investigation in this study into the enhancement of the degradation performance of bio-electro-Fenton microbial fuel cells (Bio-E-Fenton MFCs) was carried out using three photocatalytic cathodes. These cathodes were produced at different calcination temperatures of Fe2O3 ranging from 500 °C to 900 °C for realizing their performance as photo catalysts within the cathodic chamber of an MFC, and they were compared for their ability to degrade oily wastewater. Results show that a suitable temperature for the calcination of iron oxide would have a significantly positive effect on the performance of Bio-E-Fenton MFCs. An optimal calcination temperature of 500 °C for Fe2O3 in the electrode material of the cathode was observed to produce a maximum power density of 52.5 mW/m2 and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation rate of oily wastewater (catholyte) of 99.3% within one hour of operation. These novel findings will be useful for the improvement of the performance and applications of Bio-E-Fenton MFCs and their future applications in the field of wastewater treatment.
Temporal and Spatial Change in Diameter Growth of Boreal Scots Pine, Norway Spruce, and Birch under Recent-Generation (CMIP5) Global Climate Model Projections for the 21st Century
Authors: Kellomäki Seppo , Strandman Harri , Heinonen Tero , Asikainen Antti , Venäläinen Ari , Peltola Heli
Published: March 2018

We investigated how climate change affects the diameter growth of boreal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) at varying temporal and spatial scales. We generated data with a gap-type ecosystem model for selected locations and sites throughout Finland. In simulations, we used the current climate and recent-generation (CMIP5) global climate model projections under three representative concentration pathways (RCPs) forcing scenarios for the period 2010–2099. Based on this data, we developed diameter growth response functions to identify the growth responses of forests under mild (RCP2.6), moderate (RCP4.5), and severe (RCP8.5) climate change at varying temporal and spatial scales. Climate change may increase growth primarily in the north, with a clearly larger effect on birch and Scots pine than Norway spruce. In the south, the growth of Norway spruce may decrease largely under moderate and severe climate change, in contrast to that of birch. The growth of Scots pine may also decrease slightly under severe climate change. The degree of differences between tree species and regions may increase along with the severity of climate change. Appropriate site-specific use of tree species may sustain forest productivity under climate change. Growth response functions, like we developed, provide novel means to take account of climate change in empirical growth and yield models, which as such include no climate change for forest calculations.
Assessment of Changes in Flood Frequency Due to the Effects of Climate Change: Implications for Engineering Design
Authors: Quintero Felipe , Mantilla Ricardo , Anderson Christopher , Claman David , Krajewski Witold
Published: March 2018

The authors explore the uncertainty implied in the estimation of changes in flood frequency due to climate change at the basins of the Cedar River and Skunk River in Iowa, United States. The study focuses on the influence of climate change on the 100-year flood, used broadly as a reference flow for civil engineering design. Downscaled rainfall projections between 1960–2099 were used as forcing into a hydrological model for producing discharge projections at locations intersecting vulnerable transportation infrastructure. The annual maxima of the discharge projections were used to conduct flood frequency analyses over the periods 1960–2009 and 1960–2099. The analysis of the period 1960–2009 is a good predictor of the observed flood values for return periods between 2 and 200 years in the studied basins. The findings show that projected flood values could increase significantly in both basins. Between 2009 and 2099, 100-year flood could increase between 47% and 52% in Cedar River, and between 25% and 34% in South Skunk River. The study supports a recommendation for assessing vulnerability of infrastructure to climate change, and implementation of better resiliency and hydraulic design practices. It is recommended that engineers update existing design standards to account for climate change by using the upper-limit confidence interval of the flood frequency analyses that are currently in place.
Crisis Resource Management in the Delivery Room: Development of Behavioral Markers for Team Performance in Emergency Simulation
Authors: Bracco Fabrizio , De Tonetti Gabriele , Masini Michele , Passarelli Marcello , Geretto Francesca , Celleno Danilo
Published: March 2018

Human factors are the most relevant issues contributing to adverse events in obstetrics. Specific training of Crisis Resource Management (CRM) skills (i.e., problem solving and team management, resource allocation, awareness of environment, and dynamic decision-making) is now widespread and is often based on High Fidelity Simulation. In order to be used as a guideline in simulated scenarios, CRM skills need to be mapped to specific and observable behavioral markers. For this purpose, we developed a set of observable behaviors related to the main elements of CRM in the delivery room. The observational tool was then adopted in a two-days seminar on obstetric hemorrhage where teams working in obstetric wards of six Italian hospitals took part in simulations. The tool was used as a guide for the debriefing and as a peer-to-peer feedback. It was then rated for its usefulness in facilitating the reflection upon one’s own behavior, its ease of use, and its usefulness for the peer-to-peer feedback. The ratings were positive, with a median of 4 on a 5-point scale. The CRM observational tool has therefore been well-received and presents a promising level of inter-rater agreement. We believe the tool could have value in facilitating debriefing and in the peer-to-peer feedback.
Exploring the Driving Factors of Construction Industrialization Development in China
Authors: Xiahou Xiaer , Yuan Jingfeng , Liu Yan , Tang Yuchun , Li Qiming
Published: March 2018

Construction industrialization (CI) has been adopted worldwide because of its potential benefits. However, current research shows the incentives for adopting CI may differ in different regions. While the promotion of CI in China is still at the initial stage, a systematical analysis of the driving factors would help decision makers get a comprehensive understanding of CI development and select proper strategies to promote CI. This research combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the construction industrialization driving factors (CIDFs) in China. The grounded theory method (GTM) was employed to explore CI concepts among 182 CI-related articles published in 10 top-tier journals from 2000 to 2017. A total of 15 CIDFs were identified, including one suggested by professionals during a pre-test questionnaire survey. The analysis showed that the development of CI in China is pushed by macrodevelopment and pulled by the government and is also a self-driven process. The major driving factors for CI adoption in China are the transformation and upgrade of the conventional construction industry and the solution of development dilemmas. Our study also suggests that pilot programs are, currently, the most effective method to promote CI in China and to accumulate experience so to gain recognition by the society. This research is also of value for CI promotion in other developing countries.
Processing Technology Selection for Municipal Sewage Treatment Based on a Multi-Objective Decision Model under Uncertainty
Authors: Chen Xudong , Xu Zhongwen , Yao Liming , Ma Ning
Published: March 2018

This study considers the two factors of environmental protection and economic benefits to address municipal sewage treatment. Based on considerations regarding the sewage treatment plant construction site, processing technology, capital investment, operation costs, water pollutant emissions, water quality and other indicators, we establish a general multi-objective decision model for optimizing municipal sewage treatment plant construction. Using the construction of a sewage treatment plant in a suburb of Chengdu as an example, this paper tests the general model of multi-objective decision-making for the sewage treatment plant construction by implementing a genetic algorithm. The results show the applicability and effectiveness of the multi-objective decision model for the sewage treatment plant. This paper provides decision and technical support for the optimization of municipal sewage treatment.
Removal and Biodegradation of 17β-Estradiol and Diethylstilbestrol by the Freshwater Microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata
Authors: Liu Weijie , Chen Qi , He Ning , Sun Kaifeng , Sun Dong , Wu Xiaoqing , Duan Shunshan
Published: March 2018

Natural steroidal and synthetic non-steroidal estrogens such as 17β-estradiol (E2) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) have been found in natural water, which can potentially endanger public health and aquatic ecosystems. The removal and biodegradation of E2 and DES by Raphidocelis subcapitata were studied in bacteria-free cultures exposed to single and mixture treatments at different concentrations for 96 h. The results showed that R. subcapitata exhibited a rapid and strong ability to remove E2 and DES in both single and mixture treatments by biodegradation. At the end of 96 h, the removal percentage of single E2 and DES achieved 82.0%, 80.4%, 74.6% and 89.9%, 73.4%, 54.1% in 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg·L−1, respectively. With the exception of the 0.1 mg·L−1 treatment at 96 h, the removal capacity of E2 was more efficient than that of DES by R. subcapitata. Furthermore, the removal percentage of mixture E2 and DES achieved 88.5%, 82.9%, 84.3% and 87.2%, 71.8%, 51.1% in 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg·L−1, respectively. The removal percentage of mixed E2 was significantly higher than that of the single E2. The presence of DES could accelerate the removal of E2 from the mixture treatments in equal concentrations. In addition, the removal was mainly attributed to the biodegradation or biotransformation process by the microalgae cells rather than simple sorption and accumulation in the cells. The microalgae R. subcapitata demonstrated a high capability for the removal of the E2 and DES indicating future prospects for its application.