bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persistent Abdominal Distension: A Clue to Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Tripathy Saroj Kumar , Das Sarthak , Malik Archana
Published: June 2024

We report a 7-year-old boy who presented with persistent abdominal distension despite appropriate therapy with corticosteroids for the first episode of nephrotic syndrome. After a thorough workup, the child was diagnosed with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Although fever, pain abdomen, abdominal tenderness, paralytic ileus, and altered mental status are the classical findings in SBP, concomitant steroid use in an immunocompromised host may mask many symptoms, posing diagnostic challenges.
Huge Left Atrium Thrombus Presenting with Syncope and Sudden Death, Diagnosed by Point-of-care Ultrasound
Authors: Chiu Yu-Cheng , Chen Jiann-Hwa , Chen Wei-Lung , Chung Jui-Yuan
Published: June 2024

The left atrium (LA) thrombus is a life-threatening disease that can result in systemic embolization and sudden death if misdiagnosed. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an efficient tool able to assist emergency physicians in accurately and promptly identifying patients with LA thrombus. We present a 72-year-old man who presented at the emergency department with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The patient received cardiopulmonary resuscitation and achieved spontaneous circulation upon arrival. The patient had a past history of mitral valve regurgitation and valve replacement, followed by warfarin treatment for 5 years. Clinical examination, including POCUS, resulted in a diagnosis of LA thrombus with systemic thromboembolism events affecting the brain, kidney, and lower limbs. Although an emergency thrombectomy was performed immediately, the patient eventually died. POCUS should be performed in patients with any prior history of structural heart disease, especially those who received valve replacement surgery, to identify life-threatening thromboembolism events and facilitate prompt treatment.
Histological and Immunohistological Findings in Vesicoureteric and Pelviureteric Junction Obstructions; a Spectrum of the Same Mishap – An Observational Study
Authors: Patil Priya Santosh , Patil Santosh Vasantrao , Dhobale Manisha Randhir , Mudiraj Nitin Radhakishan
Published: June 2024

Background:

Vesicoureteric and pelviureteric junction obstructions (VUJOs and PUJOs) are the most common causes of congenital obstructions of the urinary tract, and yet the pathophysiology of these conditions is unclear. This study aimed to compare the histological findings of age-matched VUJO and PUJO cases for wall thickness, fibrosis, and the presence of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC).

Methodology:

This was an observational, inter-institutional study done in the period between January 2020 and May 2021. Twelve age-matched cases of VUJO and PUJO were studied to compare histological findings when stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson trichrome, and immunohistochemical stains.

Results:

Results showed that the thickness of the muscle layer was increased in both VUJO and PUJO with no statistically significant difference. Perifascicular fibrosis was significantly more in VUJO as compared to PUJO. ICCs were less than grade 3 in most cases of VUJO and PUJO.

Conclusions:

The histological findings of VUJO and PUJO showed similarities, with more fibrosis in VUJO. The density of ICCs was less in both upper and lower urinary obstructions. As both conditions are the result of the same mishap – failure of maturation of fetal ureters, there may be a possibility that patients of PUJO can also have VUJO.
Retrospective Evaluation of the Effects of Local Anesthesia Before Tooth Extraction Procedures under General Anesthesia on Physiologic Parameters and Postoperative Bleeding in Children
Authors: Turan Y , Senirkentli GB , Cekmen N , Tirali E , Çakmak E
Published: June 2024

Background:

Studies have been conducted to evaluate changes in hemodynamics, postoperative bleeding, and pain in pediatric dental patients receiving general anesthesia (GA). However, a limited number of studies have evaluated the effects of local anesthetics (LA) on tooth extraction procedures during GA. There is no consensus in the literature regarding LA application in the perioperative period for dental treatments performed within the scope of GA.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the retrospective physiologic effects of fluctuations in vital signs and postoperative bleeding in children who did or did not receive LA for tooth extraction under GA.

Methods:

A retrospective evaluation of 77 patients aged 5.16 ± 1.85 years who had the extraction of primary posterior teeth with or without LA under GA were reviewed in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) for postoperative bleeding and the effects of intraoperative LA on fluctuations in postoperative parameters such as mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR), and the end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2). These were compiled from the patient records of the procedures.

Results:

Significant differences between the baseline and peak MAP (P < 0.001), HR (P = 0.011), and EtCO2 (P = 0.002) were noted in children without LA compared to those who had LA. In addition, substantial variations were observed between the baseline and peak values for MAP (P < 0.001) and HR (P = 0.037) in children who had tooth extraction in the mandibular region. Statistically significant differences were noted between the baseline and peak values for patients who did not receive LA before the extraction of the first primary molar in terms of MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.032). Similarly, significant differences in MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.034) were noted in the extraction of the second primary molar. In addition, there was a significant difference in bleeding based on the number of tooth extractions in those who did not receive LA (P = 0.020).

Conclusion:

This study showed that in children who underwent tooth extraction under GA, additional LA application minimized changes in HR, MAP, and EtCO2, whereas a lack of LA application produced significant fluctuations from baseline to peak values of HR, MAP, and EtCO2. In addition, LA application reduced postoperative bleeding.
Gender Estimation from Morphometric Measurements of Mandibular Lingula by Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Şenol D , Bodur F , Seçgin Y , Şencan D , Duman ŞB , Öner Z
Published: June 2024

Background:

Sex determination from the bones is of great importance for forensic medicine and anthropology. The mandible is highly valued because it is the strongest, largest and most dimorphic bone in the skull.

Aim:

Our aim in this study is gender estimation with morphometric measurements taken from mandibular lingula, an important structure on the mandible, by using machine learning algorithms and artificial neural networks.

Methods:

Cone beam computed tomography images of the mandibular lingula were obtained by retrospective scanning from the Picture Archiving Communication Systems of the Department of Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, İnönü University. Images scanned in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format were transferred to RadiAnt DICOM Viewer (Version: 2020.2). The images were converted to 3-D format by using the 3D Volume Rendering console of the program. Eight anthropometric parameters were measured bilaterally from these 3-D images based on the mandibular lingula.

Results:

The results of the machine learning algorithms analyzed showed that the highest accuracy was 0.88 with Random Forest and Gaussian Naive Bayes algorithm. Accuracy rates of other parameters ranged between 0.78 and 0.88.

Conclusions:

As a result of the study, it is thought that mandibular lingula-centered morphometric measurements can be used for gender determination as well as bones such as the pelvis and skull as they were found to be highly accurate. This study also provides information on the anatomical position of the lingula according to gender in Turkish society. The results can be important for oral-dental surgeons, anthropologists, and forensic experts.
Low Pressure versus Standard Pressure Pneumoperitoneum in Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Adenuga AT , Olakada F , Ojo C , Aniero J
Published: June 2024

Background:

The creation of pneumoperitoneum using higher pressure is believed to be associated with increased postoperative abdominal pain.

Aim:

This study aimed to compare postoperative abdominal pain following low pressure laparoscopic appendectomy and standard pressure laparoscopic appendectomy.

Methods:

This was a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 54 patients aged between 18 and 56 years with clinical and/or radiologic diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups: low pressure laparoscopic appendectomy (n = 26) and standard pressure laparoscopic appendectomy (n = 28). The intra-abdominal pressure was kept in either low pressure (9 mm Hg) or standard pressure (13 mm Hg). Abdominal and shoulder pain scores were assessed using the visual analog scale at 6 hours and 3 days post procedure. Postoperative analgesia requirement, duration of surgery, complications, and hospital stay were recorded.

Results:

Both groups match for the demographic parameters. Three patients required conversion from low to standard pressure. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of abdominal pain (P = 0.86) and shoulder pain (P = 0.33), duration of surgery (P = 0.51), complications (P = 0.17), and length of hospital stay (P = 0.83).

Conclusion:

The use of low pressure pneumoperitoneum did not reduce the incidence of abdominal pain in patients who had laparoscopic appendectomy. Patients with acute appendicitis can be treated with either low or normal pressure pneumoperitoneum depending on the experience of the surgeon.
The Prognostic Significance of Tumor SUVmax Value in Pre- and Post-Chemoradiotherapy 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Patients with Localized and Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kandemir O , Demir F , Avcı GG
Published: June 2024

Background:

Some parameters of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) can predict tumor chemosensitivity and survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Aim:

The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic value of pre- and post-treatment maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for predicting mortality in patients with HNSCC, as well as its prognostic value in terms of disease progression, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods:

This retrospective study included 37 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of HNSCCs between 2015 and 2018. In patients with HNSCC, the first 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed for pre-treatment staging, and the second imaging was performed to evaluate post-treatment response. In these imaging studies, SUVmax values of the primary tumor before and after treatment were determined. After the second imaging, patients were re-evaluated and followed up. ROC analysis was used to determine the predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax parameters in terms of death and progression, and Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the prognostic value in terms of OS and PFS.

Results:

Cut-off value 15 for SUVmax1 (pre-treatment) had a significant predictive value for mortality (P = 0.02). Cut-off value 3.1 for SUVmax2 (post-treatment) had a significant predictive value for progression (P = 0.024). In univariate analysis, both SUVmax1 and SUVmax2 values were significant prognostic factors for OS (P = 0.047, P = 0.004). However, for PFS, only the SUVmax2 value was a significant prognostic factor (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

SUVmax1 value of the primary tumor at diagnosis in HNSCC patients has a predictive value for mortality and a prognostic value for OS. However, the SUVmax2 value in the primary tumor after treatment is a predictive factor for progression and a prognostic factor for both OS and PFS.
Hepatitis B virus serology in first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at a Nigerian hospital
Authors: Asaolu Olutoyin Iretiola , Odeghe Emuobor Aghoghor , Oyeleke Ganiyat K. , Onyekwere Charles A. , Lesi Olufunmilayo A.
Published: June 2024

Background:

The link between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been well established. There is a dearth of scientific data on the important phenomenon of familial clustering of these diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated the prevalence and risk of HBV infection in first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC.

Materials and Methods:

This case–control study was conducted in a Nigerian hospital. A total of 211 first-degree relatives and spouses of confirmed 110 patients with HCC and 212 matched controls were consecutively recruited. All participants were screened for the HBV serological markers using the Aria lateral immunoassay kits. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio while bivariate analysis was used to calculate χ2.

Results:

The prevalence of HBsAg was higher in the first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC than in the controls (17.1% versus 3.3%, P < 0.001, odds ratio 5.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6–13.7). Among the relatives, the prevalence of HBsAg positivity was highest in the parents and siblings of HCC patients compared with the children and spouses (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the relatives of female index patients had a higher prevalence of HBV than the relatives of the male HCC patients (75.0% versus 27.0%, p = 0.012). Significant risks for HBV infection included lower vaccination rate, low educational status and tattoo acquisition (p = 0.006, 0.010 and 0.023 respectively).

Conclusion:

This study provides important local-based population data (perhaps the first of its kind) supporting the scientific postulation of familial clustering of HBV infection and HCC. It also underscores the importance of targeting first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC for HBV screening to reduce the infection and its sequelae.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A descriptive study of the range of histopathological findings in the South-West zone of Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Olusegun Sylvester , Adekanle Olusegun , Ndububa Dennis , Kolawole Olawunmi , Betiku Omolade Adefolabi
Published: June 2024

Background:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly becoming a public health problem worldwide. It has been shown that a very strong link exists between NAFLD and the risk of other systemic diseases. Currently, data on the incidence of NAFLD are limited in much of sub-Saharan, whereas hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are also endemic. Thus, there is an impelling need to assess if NAFLD makes any significant contribution to the severity of HBV-associated chronic liver disease (CLD) in patients who develop NAFLD simultaneously.

Aim:

This study described the range of histopathological findings in NAFLD and assessed the impact of NAFLD on the severity of HBV-associated chronic hepatitis.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively studied 120 cases of histologically diagnosed NAFLD within a 4-year study period from May 31, 2018 to April 30, 2022. Brunt Scoring System was used to grade and stage NAFLD cases with or without chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in each case. Data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-t tests.

Results:

The results revealed that the mean age was 45.78 ± 12.29 years with a female predominance. HBV-associated CLD patients with histological diagnosis of NAFLD were present in 55 (45.83%), and NAFLD in patients without CHB was 54.16%. There was a statistically significant association between the older age group with the cohort cases with NAFLD without associated CHB infection (P < 0.001). The grading and fibrosis stage was found not to be related to the age group or gender among any of the cohorts of cases.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that the histological range primarily includes steatosis with or without lobular and portal inflammation or fibrosis as well as ballooned hepatocytes. There is no statistically significant difference in the grade and stage between NAFLD patients without CHB and HBV-associated CLD patients with histological features of NAFLD. However, the grade tends to be higher in NAFLD patients without CHB, whereas the fibrosis level tends to be higher in cases of HBV-associated CLD patients with histological NAFLD.
Perspectives of using vr to increase accessibility in distance education
Authors: Zinchenko Volodymyr , Lazirko Nataliia , Manko Ruslana , Huda Oksana , Ivanyshyn Myroslava
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the prospects of using virtual reality technologies in the organisation of the educational process. The main concepts and technologies that formed the basis for the development of this innovative technology are considered. The article also analyses the advantages and disadvantages of immersive education, virtual reality technologies, and their application in modern economic conditions. A comprehensive analysis of the use of VR technology in education is carried out, including an analysis of empirical and theoretical studies on the prospects for the use of virtual reality technologies in reforming the education system. The article summarises the practices of VR development and provides information on proposals for the development of immersive technologies in education. Further research should focus on the practical aspects of integrating virtual reality technologies into the educational process. Attention should also be paid to the peculiarities of using these technologies.
Gamification of the educational process in distance education
Authors: Konstantynova Tetiana , Dundiuk Vira , Hurievska Oleksandra , Zhulkanych Borys , Shevchuk Oleksandra
Published: June 2024

The aim is to study and analyse the potential and efficiency of gamification in the educational process, in particular within the context of distance education. During the course of the study, the testing method, the method of expert evaluation, and the method of determination of the efficiency of the influence of gamification on educational process efficiency were used. Statistical methods such as standard deviation and a chi-squared test were used for processing the received results. Test reliability was verified using Cronbach's alpha. The results demonstrate that gamification improves educational material mastering, develops creative skills, and enhances the quality of joint work in a virtual environment. Students get more motivated to participate in the educational process due to gamification. The average number of correctly solved tasks for the experimental and control groups was determined to evaluate study results in quantity. Thus, experiment results showed that students of the experimental group correctly performed final tests for 2,66 tasks more than those of the control group, and in general, students of the experimental group correctly performed 1,76 tasks. In distance education, gamification becomes a perspective and effective approach, oriented towards the enhancement of the academic achievements and motivation of students.
Effectiveness of Training in Building the Professional Image of Future Preschool Teachers
Authors: Chagovets Alla , Мyskova Nataliia , Kovrei Dora , Bobyrieva Olena , Yokob Andreia
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study is to empirically verify the effectiveness of training in building the professional image of future preschool teachers. The research employs the following methods: diagnostics, qualitative and quantitative analysis, comparative analysis, testing, fulfilling tasks and resolving situations, completing creative professional assignments. A comparative analysis of the data on the level of the professional image of future preschool teachers with bachelor and master qualification levels was carried out. A professional image building programme was developed and tested within the scope of the study. It consists of ten training classes. The study found an increase in the level of the professional image of future preschool teachers by an average of 26.7%. The highest indicators of the professional image of future preschool teachers were recorded for the motivational and value component (75% of respondents), the medium — for the practical and activity component (65%), and the lowest — for the prognostic and reflexive component (60%). The use of training is effective for building the professional image of future preschool teachers in the process of their professional training.
The debate on the nature of verbal nouns in Slavic languages: nominal or verbal?
Authors: Shcherbii Nataliia , Vorobets Oleksii , Mytsan Dariia , Korpalo Oksana , Kuravska Nataliia
Published: June 2024

The article defines the status of verbal nouns in Slavic linguistics, focusing in particular on the diverse terminological apparatus in each of the Slavic languages and determining its verbal or nominal nature. The verbal nature of such constructions is analyzed based on the following features: regular and systemic nature of formation; retained aspectual correlation; constructions with the agent in the instrumental case, which are characteristic of the passive voice; retained reflexive formants; expressed uncountable actions, which makes it impossible to use a plural form; expressed categories of transitivity/intransitivity and nullified categories of tense, mood, and person. It is emphasized that the productivity of the usage of these forms in Slavic languages depends on the nominal (Russian, Polish) or verbal (Ukrainian, Slovak) nature of the language. The article also analyzes the usage of reflexive verbal nouns in modern texts.
The role of smart technologies in maintaining student motivation during distance learning
Authors: Novak Ilona , Butsyk Ihor , Hetman Yuliia , Norenko Iryna , Derevianko Denys
Published: June 2024

Smart technologies are a common element of education, which have a positive impact on the organization of education, its efficiency, and the possibility of self-control. The aim of the study is to determine the role of smart technologies in the distance learning to maintain student motivation. The aim was achieved through the use of the methods of observation and analysis, calculations of the coefficient of oscillation, the coefficient of variation, and Spearman’s rank coefficient. Learning mechanisms provided for acquiring language knowledge, develop the consecutive interpreting skills, and master formal and informal communication styles. It was established that such learning mechanisms after the study enhanced students’ motivation of 82% for distance learning. Before the study, a high level of motivation was observed among only 21% of students. The results of the Stapel Scale showed that smart technologies (1.0) had the greatest impact on students’ motivation, which is related to the continuity of learning. The learning process had also the greatest impact on students’ dynamic adaptation (2.25). The conducted research is important for the development of students’ professional foreign language skills and enhancement of their motivation through the use of smart technologies during distance learning.
Gender, diversity and sexual and reproductive health rights in central America
Authors: Binazzi Alice
Published: June 2024

In this globalised and transnational contemporary world, it often exists perspectives, which are fragmented in “local” realities. Thematic and phenomena, studied in the field, throughout years, had highlighted the need for adopting a strategy of multi-situated field research (Clifford and Marcus, 2005; Marcus, 1995). This also challenges the exploration of new paths, in terms of links and spaces, to be able following complex cultural phenomena, including those related to gender. In this sense, gender - as a social construction - transversally cuts all thematic and it is cross-country, as gender inequalities can be observed, similarly, in many of the world’s contexts. This work approaches, from an anthropological qualitative perspective and by adopting an intersectional view, the sensitive issue of sexual and reproductive health rights of women and girls, in Central American context, further, analysing the peculiar condition of migrant, indigenous and Afrodescendant girls and women, aiming to shed light on discrimination and violence phenomena affecting them.
El Salvador sob Bukele:
Authors: Santos Fabio Luis Barbosa dos
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o governo de Nayib Bukele em El Salvador, discutindo o modo como este político se apoiou em um desencanto geral com a democracia pós-conflito interno para assentar as bases de um regime autoritário, porém popular, o qual, no entanto, constrói as condições para prescindir deste apoio. A hipótese desta pesquisa é que se transita de um regime coercivo apoiado no consenso para um regime que visa dirimir o dissenso apoiado na coerção. Mais do que uma dinâmica em que se passa da prevalência do consenso para a coerção como esteio do regime, desenha-se uma situação em que se borram as fronteiras entre desejo popular por políticas autoritárias e o puro medo. Além de bibliografia recente e de material jornalístico, esta análise está sustentada por uma pesquisa de campo em que se dialogou com numerosas pessoas e instituições, algumas das quais são citadas ao longo deste trabalho.
Entre a Música e a Política:
Authors: Da Silveira Prado e Figueiredo Maria Clara
Published: June 2024

A historiadora Natália Ayo Schmiedecke publicou em 2022 o livro Chilean New Song and the Question of Culture in the Allende Government. Voices for a Revolution, a obra busca refletir sobre as políticas culturais e as expressões artísticas durante o governo de coalizão socialista de Salvador Allende Gossens. Observando o papel da cultura para a proposta de transição política e, consequentemente, quais espaços ocuparam os artistas junto ao governo, Schmiedecke empreende uma análise detalhada de projetos culturais, músicas e revistas, ao passo que suas reflexões complexificam as dinâmicas entre política, cultura e atuação artística e partidária durante a experiência da Unidade Popular no Chile.
Pan-americanismo em ação:
Authors: Novo Leonardo
Published: June 2024

Este artigo dá relevo às renovadas perspectivas interpretativas do campo da história política e da história da diplomacia a partir de um estudo do pan-americanismo entre o final do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do século XX. Por meio da análise de uma série de textos publicados pela União Pan-Americana a partir da realização da Primeira Conferência Internacional Americana (Washigton D.C., 1889), bem como dos debates realizados no âmbito do Ministério das Relações Exteriores do Brasil em função do convite para se fazer representar no evento, argumenta-se sobre diferentes mobilizações do pan-americanismo, entendido como uma prática política, por agentes estadunidenses e latino-americanos. Esse exercício indica como, a partir do final do século XIX, o pan-americanismo se tornou mote para a elaboração e disputa de diferentes projetos políticos de integração cultural, política e econômica entre os países americanos, da mesma forma que se tornou ponto de tensão das relações entre a América e a Europa.
marinheiro é a crisálida do diplomata”:
Authors: De Freitas e Gonzaga da Silva Jéssica
Published: June 2024

Propõe-se uma análise sobre a atuação política do Vice-Almirante Joaquim Marques Lisboa (1807-1897), Comandante em Chefe das Forças Navais Aliadas na Guerra da Tríplice Aliança (1864-1870), no caso do livre trânsito do Ministro dos Estados Unidos da América Charles Ames Washburn (1822-1889) a Assunção durante as operações militares no rio Paraguai. A partir deste estudo de caso, vislumbra-se fornecer subsídios para compreender questões tais como a Marinha de Guerra como uma força versátil cujos oficiais atuavam, simultaneamente, como agentes de violência e agentes diplomáticos. Por consequência, demonstrar como foi estratégico para o Estado brasileiro o emprego da “diplomacia das canhoneiras” para obtenção de outros interesses imbuídos no âmago da guerra. Ademais, fornecer subsídios para identificar, na complexidade da maior guerra da América do Sul, as controvérsias que se sobrepuseram ao conflito principal, formando uma teia de diplomatas, além dos beligerantes, que almejavam defender seus interesses na região.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM MAJELIS TA’LIM AZ-ZAHRA MUSLIMAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN SPIRITUAL KEAGAMAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Hervrizal
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi program majelis ta’lim Az-Zahra Muslimah dalam pemberdayaan spiritual keagamaan ibu rumah tangga di kecamatan Medan Sunggal Kota Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dengan melibatkan 20 orang informannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi program majelis Ta’lim Az- Zahra Muslimah dalam pemberdayaan spiritual keagamaan ibu rumah tangga sudah terlaksana dengan baik berkat kerjasama dari ketua dan pengurus majelis talim. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam pemberdayaan spiritual keagamaan ibu rumah tangga yaitu dengan program kegiatan seperti pengajian rutin, jum’at barokah, peringatan hari besar Islam dengan wisata religi, peringatan Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW. Faktor pendukung terlaksana kegiatan pemberdayaan spirtualitas keagamaan ibu rumah tangga yang diinisiasi oleh majelis taklim Az-zahra Muslimah adalah sarana prasarana serta kemauan keras ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah pengaruh lingkungan, media televisi dan handphone serta kurangnya mubaligh/mubalighah.
Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Program, Majelis Ta’lim, Pemberdayaan spiritual keagamaan
 
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of the Az-Zahra Muslimah ta'lim assembly program in empowering the spiritual and religious empowerment of housewives in Medan Sunggal sub-district, Medan City. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and documentation involving 20 informants. The research results show that the implementation of the Az-Zahra Muslimah Ta'lim assembly program in empowering housewives' religious spirituality has been carried out well thanks to the cooperation of the chairman and administrators of the talim assembly. Efforts made to empower housewives' religious and spiritual empowerment include activity programs such as regular recitations, Friday blessings, commemoration of Islamic holidays with religious tourism, commemoration of the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. The supporting factors for implementing the activities to empower the religious spirituality of housewives initiated by the Az-zahra Muslimah taklim assembly were the infrastructure and the strong will of the housewives. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the influence of the environment, television and cellphone media and the lack of preachers/preachers.
Key Word: implementation, programme, taklim assembly, empowering religious sprituality
PEMPERDAYAAN PESERTA DIDIK MDTA AL-MUKARROMAH MELALUI METODE BERNYANYI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA INGAT
Authors: Wulandari Fitri , Agus Subairi
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak positif metode bernyanyi terhadap peningkatan daya ingat peserta didik MDTA Al-Mukarromah dalam pembelajaran akidah akhlak. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui observasi kelas, wawancara kepada guru dan peserta didik, tes daya ingat, dan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode bernyanyi memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan daya ingat peserta didik, wawancara mendalam dengan guru dan peserta didik mengungkapkan rasa antusiasme dan keterlibatan yang tinggi selama pembelajaran, serta perasaan positif terhadap penggunaan metode bernyanyi. Analisis konten menyoroti pengalaman peserta didik, termasuk peningkatan motivasi, koneksi emosional, dan keinginan untuk terus mengikuti pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang potensi pemberdayaan peserta didik melalui metode bernyanyi, dengan menggambarkan bukan hanya peningkatan daya ingat tetapi juga dampak positif pada aspek motivasi dan keterlibatan emosional. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah metode bernyanyi merupakan alternatif media pembelajaran yang menarik dan efektif dalam meningkatkan daya ingat peserta didik.
Kata kunci: Metode bernyanyi, daya ingat, MDTA Al-Mukarrohmah
 
Abstract
 This study aims to evaluate the positive impact of singing method on improving the memory of MDTA Al-Mukarromah students in learning moral creeds. The research method uses qualitative methods through classroom observation, interviews with teachers and learners, memory tests, and content analysis. The results showed that the singing method contributed significantly to the improvement of learners' memory. In-depth interviews with teachers and learners revealed a high sense of enthusiasm and involvement during learning, as well as positive feelings towards the use of singing methods. Content analysis highlights learners' experiences, including increased motivation, emotional connection, and a desire to keep abreast of learning. This research contributes to further understanding of the potential empowerment of learners through singing methods, by describing not only improved memory but also a positive impact on aspects of motivation and emotional engagement. The practical implication of this study is that the singing method is an alternative learning medium that is interesting and effective in improving the memory of students.
Keywords: Singing method, memory, MDTA Al-Mukarrohmah
LAND RENT AND LEASE IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Todorović Nada
Published: June 2024

Land rent has been the subject of consideration of both classical and neoclassical economic theory. In contemporary economic conditions this issue has not lost its importance although, today, land rent is considered in the context of sustainable and human development and the protection and preservation of natural resources. As long there is a monopoly on natural resources (land, mineral wealth, forest) there will be valorization of the ownership rights through rent appropriation. Basic forms of land rents are: absolute, differential I and II and monopoly land rent. Land rent and lease are not always the synonyms, since lease includes, in addition to rent, the compensation for all capitals attached to the land. In this paper, the author has focused on the issues related to the lease of state- owned agricultural land in Serbia and the problems which appear in practice pertaining to the realization of preemptive rights. From previous experience it can be seen that the use of state-owned agricultural land in Serbia has not been efficient, as well as the application of the regulated legal procedures, which is often running late. Consequently, it is the state itself and farmers who suffer the greatest damage. There is a large area of state-owned agricultural land which remains uncultivated and, therefore, the state cannot valorize its ownership right over this land through rent appropriation.
DENIAL OF ACCESS TO RESOURCES INDISPENSABLE FOR PROVISION OF SERVICES
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Šokinjov Stefan
Published: June 2024

Resources indispensable for provision of services are facilities or infrastructure without access to which undertaking which already reached the minimal level of efficiency to enter the relevant downstream market cannot provide services to their customers. Because alternative resources can not be neither practically nor reasonably duplicated, resources indispensable for provision of services represent an insuperable barrier for entrance to relevant downstream market and in such a way obtain importance of and refer to a known US antitrust law concept of essential facilities. Denial to access to an essential facility is a subset of refusal to deal cases. It means that save cases where legal regulation in liberalised sectors imposes an obligation to provide for access, compulsory access to infrastructure and other resources indispensable for provision of services will be exceptionally enjoined in situations where otherwise a serious detriment to competition would be occurred.
NTERNATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Faculty of European Legal - Political Studies, Belgrade, Zdravković Ljubiša , Zdravković Ljubica ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Serbia
Published: June 2024

In search of labor force, cheaper raw materials, tax benefits and new markets, an increasing number of companies are involved in international flows and business. On that occasion, they face numerous challenges related to the diversity of the environment, where the business partners come from, that is, the countries in which the branches are opened. As a consequence of that, a special segment of human resource management - international human resource management - has been intensively developing over the past few decades. International human resources management is a set of activities, functions and processes aimed at attracting, developing and retaining human resources involved in the organization's international operations. The business operations of companies and enterprises, and therefore the economic development of a certain state and nation, largely depend on the adequate and high-quality selection of managers and management.
ON THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSTITUTING PROFESSIONS (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LEGAL PROFESSIONS)
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Ćorić Dragana
Published: June 2024

In our work, we deal with the creation of professions and their internal structure, as well as legal professions in a broader sense. Professions are important because of the quality of services provided by members of the professions, the benefits of which are experienced not only by them, but also by the wider community
COMPENSATION, COMPLAINT OF UNFULFILLED CONTRACT AND IUS RETENTIONIS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Pavićević Aleksandra
Published: June 2024

The subject of the work are three interesting institutes of civil law, namely: compensation, complaint of unfulfilled contract and right of retaning possession, which share the common role of private law security of threatened claim and which are carried out using an authentic technique of self-protection. Bilaterally binding debtor-creditor relations in general, including those in the sphere of service law, often in practice suffer from various disturbances of mutual obligations, due to breach of contractual obligations, violation of bona fides, etc. At that time, the creditor was recognized by law with various means in the function of returning the equivalence of mutual benefits, in accordance with the principle of process economy. Since these three institutes have similar spheres of application, as well as certain common elements in their physiognomy, the subject of analysis are certain segments of these legal constructions in domestic and comparative law (concept, characteristics, conditions for establishment and function). The goal of these considerations is to locate the similarities and differences among them, and to formulate an answer to the question - is it the same institute with several subtypes or - different and independent institutes, which must then be precisely demarcated. In the paper, the author with an explanation concludes that these are three independent institutes whose crucial differences are: content, effect, legal nature, object, conditions of creation and termination. Since their relationship is complementary, these institutes should coexist in Serbian future law.
ACQUIS AND ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Dakić Dragan
Published: June 2024

The research question addressed in this study focuses on whether economic sanctions form part of the legal framework of the European Union and, if they do, how they are governed. The study explores the idea that sanctions, particularly economic ones, are an integral component of the EU's legal system. Within the EU, the term "acquis" is used to encompass various aspects of the legal framework, including primary and secondary legislation, instruments related to the Common Foreign and Security Policy, and rulings from the European Court of Justice. In addition to these components, specific provisions within the acquis are relevant to the study, such as chapter 3 pertaining to service provision freedom, chapter 23 addressing justice and human rights, and chapter 31 focusing on external security and defense policy. The analysis will examine how these elements of the acquis are applied in the context of sanctions, exploring their development within the EU legal system, the legislative framework of the EU, and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice. It is important to note that this study does not delve into the legality of unilateral economic sanctions imposed by the EU on states, individuals, or entities under international law, but it does refer to existing literature on this topic. The key findings of the research indicate that economic sanctions are indeed part of the EU's legal framework, though there are inconsistencies in their implementation.
THE HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PRINCIPLES OF AUTHORITY IN SERBIA IN THE 20TH CENTURY FOR LIBERTY OF ECONOMIC TREATMENT IN CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Authors:   University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary, Serbia, Galić Borislav
Published: June 2024

In the 20th century, Serbia had a very interesting and diverse constitutional development and constitutional solutions, changing the principles of the organization of government, the form of social organization, the diversity of state communities. In this period of time, Serbia passed a large number of constitutions, and some of them were revoked and again, with minor changes, adopted. In any case, such a rich constitutional history has contributed to the fact that Serbia has great constitutional experience, which will be necessary when adopting new constitutional changes that will inevitably follow in the future and which should be used in order not to make the historical mistakes we made in the past. All the constitutions that were proclaimed in Serbia in the 20th century (there were eith of them) were of significance not only for the principle of separation of powers between three branches of government, but also for the creation of conditions for the functioning of economic entities. Basic principles that werw established bythe constitutionalarticles werw to a guide to how economic rights should be regulated, and above all: equality of private and other forms of property, free market, freedom of entrepreneurship , independence of economic entities.
GERMAN SUPPLY CHAINS DUE DILIGENCE ACT AND ITS IMPACT ON SUPPLIERS - BUSINESS ENTITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Čanović Spasojević Jelena
Published: June 2024

German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations for the Prevention of Human Rights Violations in Supply Chains (Supply Chains Due Diligence Act - SCDDA), which came into force on January 1st 2023, establishes corporate due diligence obligations for German companies with at least 1,000 employes, with aim to prevent violations of human rights and the environment in the field of own business, as well as business of their direct and indirect suppliers. The imposition of such an extraterritorial obligation implies cooperation of these German companies and their suppliers in the supply chain. The paper analyzes the most important aspects of the SCDDA, the relationship between German companies and their suppliers, as well as their cooperation in order to fulfill specific, legally prescribed obligations of due diligence: risk analysis, preventive and corrective measures and complaints procedure. In the final deliberations, we dealt with the reasons for harmonizing the operations of German suppliers - business entities from the Republic of Serbia with the requirements arising from corporate due diligence obligations.
REPRESENTATION IN ROMAN LAW
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Mrđenović Ksenija
Published: June 2024

In Roman legal tradition, representation emerges and evolves as a significant institution that facilitates and expedites legal relationships among individuals. Representation during the Roman law period was not merely a legal instrument but also a reflection of the social norms and values of that time. The indirect representation developed by the Romans implied that the representative would conclude a transaction in their own name but on behalf of another, transferring all effects of the performed task to the represented party. The study highlights the development of representation and its various forms that evolved as needs and circumstances changed within the state, emphasizing its importance in the daily lives of Romans and its influence on contemporary legal representation as we know it today.
The Role of Religiosity on The Happiness of Students in Padang
Authors: Candra Ifani , Nastasia Krisnova , Suparmi Suparmi
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the relationship between religiosity and happiness in students at SMK Negeri "X" Padang. The variables in this research are religiosity (X) and happiness (Y). The sampling technique in this research used a stratified random sampling technique. The total sample were 182 people. The measuring instruments used in this research are the religiosity scale and happiness scale. The data analysis method used for hypothesis testing in this research is using Pearson product moment (Pearson) correlation which was carried out with the help of IBM SPSS version 21.0, which shows that the correlation coefficient value is r=0.723 with a sig value=0.000, because the value (p) sig 0.000, because the value (p) sig 0.000 <0.01 which means there is a very significant relationship between religiosity and happiness in a positive direction, meaning that the higher the religiosity, the higher the happiness. On the other hand, the lower the religiosity, the lower the happiness of students at SMK Negeri "X" Padang. This means that the research hypothesis is accepted. The effective contribution of the religiosity variable to happiness is 52%.