bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Education in Islam: Comprehensive Insights into Concepts, Nature, Goals, and Principles
Authors: Momen Abdul
Published: September 2024

The study investigates the concept and distinctive elements of Islamic education, emphasizing its comprehensive approach that prioritizes the complete development of the individual through the integration of spiritual, ethical, and intellectual aspects. Additionally, it analyzes the aims and purposes of Islamic education and its fundamental concepts. The study seeks to question the traditional perception of education as solely an academic pursuit and instead presents it as an ongoing process of personal advancement and spiritual development. The study aims to comprehensively examine the concept and nature of Islamic education, explore its goals and purposes, and assess Islamic education’s underlying principles. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, utilizing data from scholarly literature, such as books and articles. The study shows that Islamic education is a comprehensive system that cultivates individuals with broad knowledge, exemplary moral principles, and a strong commitment to social duty. The curriculum emphasizes the fusion of knowledge, the example role model of Prophet Muhammad (SAWS), and the notion of Tawhid (the belief in Allah’s unity). Islamic education aims to provide knowledge while fostering moral and ethical principles that govern everyday life, preparing students for harmonious living in both worldly affairs and the hereafter. The results of this study question the traditional perspective on education and establish Islamic education as a holistic method that combines intellectual, spiritual, and ethical aspects. It emphasizes the significance of stressing the implementation and real-world application of educational ideas over theoretical debates, intending to develop persons who possess both knowledge and a strong ethical and spiritual awareness. Islamic education prioritizes the cultivation of critical thinking, moral integrity, and community spirit. This approach assures that individuals not only acquire knowledge but also develop empathy and fairness. By doing so, they make beneficial contributions to society and embody the core principles of Islamic teachings in their everyday actions.
Citation-Based Analysis of Studies on Physical Education Teachers: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Gülten Osman , Dinç Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Teaching is a profession that has been exercised since ancient times and has not lost its popularity. Knowledge has been transmitted through teaching throughout the ages. Today, teaching has become even more important due to rapidly changing information trends. This study aims to provide a general assessment of the research being carried out on teaching physical education between 2013 and 2023. In the study, foreign-language articles were searched in the Web of Science database. They were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 2145 studies were analysed. Bibliometric analysis is one of the quantitative research methods. The Vosviewer programme was used for the analyses. As a result of the search, some authors such as Richards, Kevin Andrew and Haerens, Leen are the most cited authors, the most cited studies in this area were reached in 2022, authors such as Pill, Shane and Vansteenkiste Maarten are among the most cited authors, Ryan and Deci's "Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions" by Ryan and Deci is the most cited work and Turkey is a cited country in research. It is believed that the results of this study will provide an important resource for understanding the existing literature in this area and provide a basis for future research.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Fitur Virtual Try-On Berbasis Augmented Reality pada Aplikasi Tiktok dalam Pemilihan Produk Cushion Oleh Mahasiswa di Fakultas Pariwisata dan Perhotelan Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Thalita Salsabilla Kasuma  , Rahmi Oktarina
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by problems. The digital era has had a significant impact on social, economic and cultural aspects, especially in the field of information technology. Information technology is an ever-growing field that enables the exchange and sharing of information. The application of digital marketing is currently increasingly being carried out considering that industrial competition, especially in the e-commerce sector, is getting tighter. As one of the largest e-commerce in Indonesia, Tiktok has adopted the use of augmented reality virtual try on technology as one form of its digital marketing efforts to create a more enjoyable user experience. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of using the virtual try-on feature based on augmented reality on the Tiktok application by Generation Z. This research took a study of the virtual try-on feature found on Indonesian Tiktok e-commerce for beauty products. This research used a quantitative approach through causal associative techniques on 264 respondents who were interested in Cushion products. Data analysis in this research was obtained using PLS-SEM which showed the results that the dimensions of the augmented reality variables had a positive effect on product selection at Cusion.
Gebelikte Verilen Online Bebek Bakımı Eğitimi ve Doğum Sonrası Danışmanlığın Emzik Verme ve Geleneksel Uygulamalara Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Bir Çalışma
Authors: Bilgiç Fatma Şule , Bozkurt Gülçin
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelere verilen online bebek bakımı eğitimi ve doğum sonrası danışmanlığın emzik verme ve geleneksel uygulamalara etkisini değerlendirmektir. Randomize kontrollü, yarı deneysel çalışma, İstanbul'daki bir devlet hastanesinin gebe izlem polikliniğinde izlenen 102 primipar gebe ile gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcılar müdahale ve kontrol gruplarına randomize edildi. Müdahale grubuna 32-38 gebelik haftalarında iki oturum şeklinde eğitim ve doğumdan sonra üç ay danışmanlık desteği verildi. Verilerin elde edilmesinde veri toplama formu ve bebek izlem formu kullanıldı. Veriler doğumda, 1., 2. ve 3. ayda toplandı. Müdahale ve kontrol gruplarındaki anne ve bebeklere ilişkin sosyodemografik özellikler açıdan istatiksel olarak fark bulunmadı. Müdahale ve kontrol grubundaki annelerin emzik verme durumları açısından; sonrası dönem, 1.ay, 2.ay ve 3. ayda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu belirlendi. Müdahale ve kontrol gruplarındaki annelerin geleneksel yöntem uygulama durumu açısından; doğum sonrası dönem, 1., 2., ve 3. ayda aralarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu görüldü. Annelere gebelikte bebek bakımına yönelik verilen eğitim ve danışmanlık emzik verme ve geleneksel uygulamaları azalmaktadır. Ebe ve hemşirelerin anne adaylarına antenatal dönemde bebek bakımına yönelik eğitim ve doğum sonrası danışmanlık vermesi bebek sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilecek uygulamaları azaltabilir.
One National Park System—If You Can Keep It
Authors: Diamant Rolf
Published: September 2024

In this "Letter from Woodstock," our columnist looks at the damage done to the National Park System by chronic underfunding from Congress.
Integrating natural and cultural approaches in heritage conservation: Introduction to a Practice Note
Authors: Buckley Kristal , Brown Steve , Ishizawa Maya , Mitchell Nora , Brown Jessica , Leitão Leticia , Franceschini Nicole
Published: September 2024

During the first years of Covid, 2020–2023, a group of seven colleagues across three continents—working outside of institutional contexts—prepared a Practice Note on naturecultures. The Practice Note draws together the long-time work, experience, and thinking of the authors, all of whom work in the field of heritage conservation. It gives focus to the improved integration of nature and culture, and cultural heritage and natural heritage, in the work of caring for and safeguarding important places. By promoting awareness of diversity and mutual respect for multiple views and understandings, the Practice Note is concerned with working together, fostering dialogue, and creating long-lasting and equitable approaches to conservation. In this introduction, we outline the purpose, origins, and the making of the Practice Note.
How lived-in landscapes could help rescue the planet: An interview with Tony Hiss
Authors: Johnson Shawn
Published: September 2024

An interview with the author of the recent book "Rescuing the Planet: Protecting Half the Land to Heal the Earth."
Regulating the landscape of protest: The National Park Service National Capital Region as testing ground for First Amendment rights
Authors: Keel Roneva
Published: September 2024

This article explores the origins of how NPS manages First Amendment activities in National Capital Parks, concentrating on developments in the 1960s and 1970s. It outlines the emergence of regulations over time, as the agency has sought to reconcile the historical and cultural values of National Capital Parks with the value they hold for civic engagement.
Monitoring SoD-controles; een oplossing voor complexe autorisatiestructuren in SAP?
Authors: Koetsier Lieke-Rosa
Published: September 2024

Het autorisatieconcept van SAP ECC en SAP S4 is complex, en veel bedrijven hebben moeite om dit op een effectieve manier in te richten. Hierdoor is het vaak niet duidelijk of de essentiële functiescheidingen wel op orde zijn, die traditioneel worden afgedwongen door autorisaties. Om meer inzicht te verkrijgen in de ingerichte functiescheiding, wordt echter steeds vaker gekeken naar controles op uitgevoerde acties dan naar ingerichte autorisaties, omdat ingerichte autorisaties moeilijk inzichtelijk te maken zijn. SAP biedt verschillende producten met deze functionaliteiten aan om hun klanten te ondersteunen bij deze monitoring. Dit artikel onderzoekt het effect van het (gedeeltelijk) vervangen van autorisaties door monitoring SoD-controles, de hieraan verbonden voordelen en risico’s en welk type monitoring SoD-controle het meest bruikbaar is in welke situatie.

Hiertoe is literatuuronderzoek gedaan en er zijn interviews gehouden met verschillende professionals in dit vakgebied, onder wie medewerkers van SAP.
The role of Agribusiness Development Agency (ADA) in developing emerging black commercial farmers in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN)
Authors:   , Ndlela Zenzele
Published: September 2024

This study sought to examine how the Agribusiness Development Agency (ADA) supports the growth and development of emerging black (Africans, Indian and coloured) commercial farmers in KwaZulu Natal (KZN). The study was anchored on the theory of change which provides a model of how a project management-oriented entity such as ADA should work. Using qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews (ten participants) with emerging farmers supported by ADA, ADA senior managers and KZN Dept of Agriculture and Rural Development officials and document analysis, the study found that ADA plays a fundamental role in supporting emerging black commercial farmers in the study area through provision of grants, production inputs, equipment, technology, and infrastructure development. Despite the assistance from ADA, findings indicate that emerging black commercial farmers encounter several challenges that are both internal and external. The study also provided recommendations on how ADA should deal with challenges encountered by emerging black commercial farmers. The following policy suggestions are recommended: Financial services, such as credit, must be made available to emerging farmers at reasonable interest rates, including grants with low interest rates for the blended finance scheme, until commercialization. Requirements for accessing loans, funding, or credit for new farmers should be restructured or amended based on the farmer's ability to repay the credit rather than the availability of title deeds or assets as collateral. To gain a better comprehension of their farming regions and techniques, as well as to improve their communication with farmers, extension agents should routinely visit the areas where emerging farmers reside.
O DIREITO À IDENTIDADE DE GÊNERO E O USO DO NOME SOCIAL: UM COMPARATIVO BRASIL E ARGENTINA
Authors: Júnior Omar Luiz da Costa
Published: September 2024

The study aims to compare the legal frameworks of Brazil and Argentina regarding the right to gender identity and the use of a preferred name. The methodology employed consisted of a bibliographic review, consulting books, journals, articles, legal doctrine, and case law to provide the necessary foundation for the development of this study. The conclusion of this comparative analysis on the right to gender identity and the use of a preferred name in Brazil and Argentina highlights significant progress, particularly in Argentine legislation, which has proven to be more progressive and inclusive. Argentina’s Gender Identity Law, enacted in 2012, stands as a milestone in guaranteeing rights for trans individuals, allowing for the change of name and gender on official documents without the need for judicial authorization or medical diagnoses, thus ensuring greater autonomy and dignity for individuals. In Brazil, while the use of a preferred name has advanced, especially with the CNJ Resolution No. 270 and the 2018 Supreme Court decision recognizing the right to amend name and gender without surgery, challenges remain. The lack of comprehensive legislation, like Argentina’s, creates legal uncertainties and inequalities in accessing these rights. Moreover, cultural and social barriers persist, hindering the full acceptance and respect for preferred names and gender identity in everyday life.
Tendência da taxa de mortalidade por sepse em Minas Gerais entre 2010 e 2023: um estudo ecológico
Authors: Rodrigues Priscila Elizabeth , De Souza Wesley Henrique Macedo
Published: September 2024

Sepsis is a critical condition with high mortality, responsible for approximately 11 million deaths annually worldwide and 20% of deaths in Brazil. Between 2010 and 2019, Brazil recorded over 1 million cases and around 463,000 deaths due to sepsis, with the highest mortality in the Southeast region. This ecological study analyzed the age-standardized mortality rate for sepsis in Minas Gerais from 2010 to 2023, using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Prais-Winsten linear regression was applied to identify trends, and the correlation between the age-standardized mortality rate for sepsis (TPMS) and the Social Development Index (SDI) was investigated. Results showed a significant increase in sepsis mortality, with the rate rising from 9.16 in 2010 to 17.98 in 2023, reflecting an Annual Percentage Variation (APV) of 12.86%. The analysis revealed a growing trend with an R² of 0.9600. The positive correlation between TPMS and SDI indicates that regions with higher social development may have higher mortality rates due to better diagnostic capabilities, rather than worse health conditions. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions, such as awareness programs and improvements in sepsis management. Public health strategies focused on prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment are essential to mitigate the impact of sepsis and improve clinical outcomes in the region.
The Development of a Smart Stick with SMS Emergency Location Feature for the Blind
Authors: Amirah Lily Joy B. Delgado  , Kristien Alexis L. Aquino  , Nathaniel G. Sombero  , Andre Nixon J. Delgado
Published: September 2024

Abstract: As humans tend to be reliant on their sense of sight to gather information about their surroundings, this allows them to feel safe and connected. White canes have been a common solution to visual impairment concerns however it was shown that such tools are still unable to resolve problems pertaining to obstructions on height level. This paper aims to create a smart stick which is able to resolve such concerns while including an emergency button feature that will inform emergency contacts via SMS of the location of the user once pressed. The gathered results will answer the following (a) reliability of the smart stick’s detection of obstructions, (b) effect of the environment to the performance of the device, and (c) effect of the distance between the user and emergency contact to the speed of transmission if the emergency button is pressed. It was found that the smart still is reliable in terms of detection with a high accuracy percentage and is able to determine if stairs are going up or down, the environment has little effect on the performance of the smart stick, and if the distance is farther the speed of transmission is more consistent.
The Nexus between Environmental Factors and Behaviour Change in the Upper East Region of Ghana: The Mediating Role of Marketing Strategies
Authors: Akanyako Joseph
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to explore the mediating role of marketing strategies in the relationship between environmental factors and behavior change in healthcare utilisation. A cross-sectional survey design was conducted using a random sampling technique to select 474 healthcare workers from six Health Directorates across Municipalities and Districts in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The target population from which the sample size was determined was 1980. The theories that guided this study were the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Planned Behaviour.  A structured questionnaire was designed using a five-point Likert scale and administered to the respondents. The data was collected over three months from February to April. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS was employed to analyse the data. Findings revealed that marketing strategies mediate the relationship between environmental factors and behaviour change. The predicted hypotheses were found to be positive and significant. The study highlights the importance of marketing strategies in disseminating health-related information, which influences positive behaviour change toward healthcare utilisation. The study found that marketing strategies play a crucial role in disseminating health information and promoting behaviour change. The mediating role of marketing strategies in the relationship between environmental factors and behaviour change was established. All hypotheses were confirmed, demonstrating the key role of marketing strategies in improving health outcomes through behaviour modification. It is recommended that healthcare facility managers consider incorporating marketing strategies into their strategic plans to optimise outcomes.
Insights into the long-term (2005–2021) spatiotemporal evolution of summer ozone production sensitivity in the Northern Hemisphere derived with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)
Authors: Johnson Matthew S. , Philip Sajeev , Meech Scott , Kumar Rajesh , Sorek-Hamer Meytar , Shiga Yoichi P. , Jung Jia
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone (O3) formation depends on the relative abundance of precursor species, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Advancements in satellite retrievals of formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) vertical column densities (VCDs), and the corresponding HCHO/NO2 ratios (FNRs), provide the opportunity to diagnose the spatiotemporal evolution of O3 production sensitivity regimes. This study investigates trends of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)-derived summertime VCD HCHO, NO2, and FNRs in the Northern Hemisphere from 2005 to 2021. FNR trends were analyzed for polluted regions, specifically for 46 highly populated cities, over the entire 17-year period and in 2020 when global anthropogenic emissions were reduced due to COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. It was determined that OMI-derived FNRs have increased on average by ∼ 65 % across cities in the Northern Hemisphere. Increasing OMI-derived FNRs indicates a general transition from radical-limited to NOx-limited regimes. The increasing trend is driven by reduced NO2 concentrations because of emission-control strategies of NOx. OMI FNR trends were compared to ground-based in situ measurements in US cities, and it was determined that they can capture the trends in increasing FNRs (R=0.91) and decreasing NO2 (R=0.98) occurring at the surface. OMI FNRs in urban areas were higher (∼ 20 %) in 2020 for most cities studied here compared to 2019 and 2021. In addition to studying the longest period of OMI FNRs across the Northern Hemisphere to date, the capabilities and challenges of using satellite VCD FNRs to study surface-level O3 production sensitivity regimes are discussed.
Sea ice reduction in the Barents-Kara Sea enhances June precipitation in the Yangtze River basin
Authors: Xie Tianli , Zhou Zhen-Qiang , Zhang Renhe , Wu Bingyi , Zhang Peng
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study investigates the influence of June sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice in the Barents-Kara Sea (BKS) on concurrent rainfall variability in the Yangtze River basin from 1982 to 2021 using both observational data and numerical experiments. The observed decrease in BKS sea ice and the corresponding increase in SST during June aligns with enhanced precipitation in the Yangtze River basin on the interannual timescale. The BKS thermal forcing induces an equivalent barotropic Rossby wave train in the middle and upper troposphere, which propagates southeastward to the Northwest Pacific (NWP). This Rossby wave train features two positive centers over the BKS and NWP, and one negative center above the Baikal Lake. The strengthened NWP subtropical high and upper-level westerly jet contribute to increased rainfall in the Yangtze River basin by enhancing moisture transport and anomalous ascending motions. These findings provide important implications for predicting summer rainfall in East Asia.
Bio-climatic factors drive spectral vegetation changes in Greenland
Authors: Silva Tiago , Whitley Brandon Samuel , Biersma Elisabeth Machteld , Abermann Jakob , Raundrup Katrine , de Vere Natasha , Høye Toke Thomas , Schöner Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The terrestrial Greenland ecosystem (ice-free area) has undergone significant changes over the past decades, affecting biodiversity. Changes in air-temperature and precipitation have modified the duration and conditions of snowpack during the cold season, altering ecosystem interactions and functioning. In this study, we statistically aggregated the Copernicus Arctic regional reanalysis (CARRA) and remotely-sensed spectral vegetation data from 1991 to 2023 by using principal component analysis (PCA), in order to I. examine key sub-surface and above-surface bio-climatic factors influencing ecological and phenological processes preceding and during the thermal growing season in tundra ecosystems; II. interpret spatio-temporal interactions among bio-climatic factors on vegetation across Greenland; III. investigate bio-climatic changes dependent on location and elevation in Greenland; IV. identify regions of ongoing changes in vegetation distribution. Consistent with other studies, PCA effectively clustered bio-climatic indicators that co-vary with summer spectral vegetation, demonstrating the potential of CARRA for biogeographic studies. The duration of the thermal growing season (GrowDays) emerged as the pivotal factor across all ecoregions (with increases up to 10 days per decade), interacting with other bio-climatic indicators to promote vegetation growth. Regions with significant snow height decrease occur along with an earlier snowmelt period (up to 20 days per decade), which triggers the onset of GrowDays earlier. In most regions, we find that shallower snowpacks tend to melt slower. We hypothesise that slow snowmelt rates foster microbial activity, enriching the soil with nutrients. The combined effect of soil nutrients and the resulting warming in spring (up to 1.5 ºC per decade), promotes early plant development. These bio-climatic changes, in the cold and summer season, have led to northward and upward vegetation expansion. The distribution of vegetation has expanded in Northeast Greenland by 22.5 % increase with respect to 2008–2023, leading to new vegetated areas. We report little to no change in the length and onset of the GrowDays along the coast in Northeast Greenland, in contrast with more pronounced changes inland and at higher elevations, hence showing an elevation-dependent response (increases up to 5 days per decade per km elevation). Our study determines a set of bio-climatic indicators relevant for understanding vegetation. These insights provide a basis to validate bio-climatic indicators from climate models to assess future vegetation changes across Greenland under a changing climate.
Estimating the variability of NOx emissions from Wuhan with TROPOMI NO2 data during 2018 to 2023
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Boersma K. Folkert , van der Laan Chiel , Mols Alba , Zhao Bin , Li Shengyue , Pan Yuepeng
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Accurate NOx emission estimates are required to better understand air pollution, investigate the effectiveness of emission restrictions, and develop effective emission control strategies. This study investigates and demonstrates the ability of the superposition column model in combination with TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 column data to estimate city-scale NOx emissions and lifetimes and their variabilities. Using the recently improved TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 column product (v2.4–2.6), we derive daily NOx emissions and lifetimes over the city of Wuhan for 335 clear sky days between May 2018 and December 2023. We find a slight weekend reduction in NOx emission with a weekend-to-weekday ratio of 0.95 and a small seasonal variation of NOx emissions over Wuhan with a summer-to-winter emission ratio of 0.87. We calculate a steady decline of NOx emissions from 2019 to 2023, and the emission in 2023 is ~15 % below the 2019 level, indicating the success of the emission control strategy. The estimated NOx lifetimes range from 0.8 h (summer) to 5.3 h (winter), with an average of 2.6 h. Meanwhile, our method shows ~30 % lower NOx lifetimes for fast wind (> 7 m s−1) speed. The superposition model method results in ~10 % lower estimation of NOx emissions when the wind direction is from distinct upwind NO2 hotspots compared to other wind directions, indicating the need to improve the approach for cities that are not relatively isolated pollution hotspots. The results of this work nevertheless confirm the strength of the superposition column model in estimating urban NOx emissions with reasonable accuracy.
Simulated ocean oxygenation during the interglacials MIS 5e and MIS 9e
Authors: Duboc Bartholomé , Meissner Katrin J. , Menviel Laurie , Yeung Nicholas K. H. , Hoogakker Babette , Ziehn Tilo , Chamberlain Matthew
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Recent studies investigating future warming scenarios have shown that the ocean oxygen content will continue to decrease over the coming century due to ocean warming and changes in oceanic circulation. However, significant uncertainties remain regarding the magnitude and patterns of future ocean deoxygenation. Here, we simulate ocean oxygenation with the ACCESS ESM1.5 model during two past interglacials that were warmer than the preindustrial climate, the Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e, ~ 129–115 ka) and MIS 9e (~ 336–321 ka). While orbital parameters were similar during MIS 5e and MIS 9e, with lower precession, higher eccentricity and higher obliquity than pre-industrial, greenhouse gas radiative forcing was highest during MIS 9e. We find that the global ocean is overall less oxygenated in the MIS 5e and MIS 9e simulations compared to the preindustrial control run and that oxygen concentrations are more sensitive to changes in the distribution of incoming solar radiation than to differences in greenhouse gas concentrations. Large regions in the Mediterranean Sea are hypoxic in the MIS 5e simulation, and to a lesser extent in the MIS 9e simulation, due to an intensification and expansion of the African Monsoon, enhanced river run-off and resulting freshening of surface waters and stratification. Upwelling zones off the coast of North America and North Africa are weaker in both simulations compared to the preindustrial control run, leading to less primary productivity and export production. Antarctic Bottom Water is less oxygenated, while North Atlantic Deep Water and the North Pacific Ocean at intermediate depths are higher in oxygen content. All changes in oxygen concentrations are primarily caused by changes in ocean circulation and export production and secondarily by changes in temperature and solubility.
Sensitivity of aerosol and cloud properties to coupling strength of marine boundary layer clouds over the northwest Atlantic
Authors: Zeider Kira , McCauley Kayla , Dmitrovic Sanja , Siu Leong Wai , Choi Yonghoon , Crosbie Ewan C. , DiGangi Joshua P. , Diskin Glenn S. , Kirschler Simon , Nowak John B. , Shook Michael A. , Thornhill Kenneth L. , Voigt Christiane , Winstead Edward L. , Ziemba Luke D. , Zuidema Paquita , Sorooshian Armin
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Quantifying the degree of coupling between marine boundary layer clouds and the surface is critical for understanding the evolution of low clouds and explaining the vertical distribution of aerosols and microphysical cloud properties. In this study, we use aircraft data from the NASA Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) to assess aerosol and cloud characteristics for the following four regimes of coupling strength as quantified using differences in liquid water potential temperature (θl) and total water mixing ratio (qt) between a near-surface level (~ 150 m) and directly below cloud bases: strong coupling (Δθl  ≤ 1.0 K, Δqt  ≤ 0.8 g kg-1), moderate coupling with high Δθl (Δθl > 1.0 K, Δqt ≤ 0.8 g kg-1), moderate coupling with high Δqt (Δθl  ≤ 1.0 K, Δqt > 0.8 g kg-1), weak coupling (Δθl > 1.0 K, Δqt  > 0.8 g kg-1). Results show that (i) turbulence is greater in the strong coupling regime compared to the weak coupling regime, with the former corresponding to smaller differences in 550 nm aerosol scattering, integrated aerosol volume concentration, and giant aerosol number concentration (Dp > 3 µm) between the near-surface level and just below marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud bases coincident with increased MBL mixing, (ii) cloud drop number concentration is greater during periods of strong coupling due to the greater upward vertical velocity and subsequent activation of particles, (iii) sea-salt tracer species (Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, K+) are present in greater concentrations in the strong coupling regime compared to weak coupling, while Ca2+, nss-SO42-, NO3-, oxalate, and NH4+ (tracers of continental pollution) are higher in mass fraction for the weak coupling regime. Additionally, pH and Cl-:Na+ (a marker for chloride depletion) are consistently lower in the weak coupling regime. There were differences between the two moderate regimes: the moderate high Δqt regime had greater turbulent mixing and sea salt concentrations in cloud water, along with smaller differences in integrated volume and giant aerosol number concentration between the two vertical levels compared. This work shows value in defining multiple coupling regimes (rather than the traditional coupled versus decoupled) and demonstrates differences in aerosol and cloud behavior in the MBL for the various regimes.
Riverine dissolved organic matter responds to alterations differently in two distinct hydrological regimes from Northern Spain
Authors: Kubilay Selin , Estévez Edurne , Barquín Ortiz José , Singer Gabriel
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Iberian rivers are characterized by flow regimes with high seasonal flow variation. They also host one-fifth of Europe’s reservoirs for hydropower generation, irrigation or water supply needs, and thus many rivers have heavily altered flow regimes. Such flow conditions, also alter the natural dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM), with likely implications for carbon cycling due to changed conditions for transformation, transportation and storage of carbon. Here we looked into the effects of flow alteration on the “DOM regime”, i.e. the seasonal variation of DOM concentration and composition, in 20 rivers belonging to two different hydrological classes (i.e., Mediterranean and Atlantic) in Northern Spain. To further investigate which flow regime components influence DOM properties, we linked the turnover of DOM composition to a range of hydrological indices. We found that Atlantic rivers with a natural flow regime have on average lower DOC concentration than their altered equivalents, but this is not mirrored in Mediterranean rivers. Moreover, we did not observe much difference in annual DOM composition due to flow alterations in either hydrological class. However, the turnover of DOM composition is higher in natural Atlantic rivers compared to the altered ones. We linked this turnover in DOM composition to the effects of upstream-located reservoirs, creating flow regimes with homogenized or even reversed seasonality. Our results suggest that Mediterranean rivers may have higher resistance to flow alterations, at least in the sense of not showing unusual DOM behaviour, while Atlantic rivers affected by flow alterations lose their naturally high annual variability of DOM composition.
Prediction of hysteretic matric potential dynamics using artificial intelligence: application of autoencoder neural networks
Authors: Aqel Nedal , Reusser Lea , Margreth Stephan , Carminati Andrea , Lehmann Peter
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Information on soil water potential is essential to assessing the soil moisture state, to prevent soil compaction in weak soils, and to optimize crop management. When there is a lack of direct measurements, the soil water potential values must be deduced from soil water content dynamics that can be monitored at the plot scale or obtained at a larger scale from remote sensing information. Because the relationship between water content and soil water potential in natural field soils is highly ambiguous, the prediction of soil water potential from water content data is a big challenge. The hysteretic relationship observed in nine soil profiles in the region of Solothurn (Switzerland) is not a simple function of texture or wetting–drainage cycles but depends on seasonal patterns that may be related to soil structural dynamics. Because the physical mechanisms governing seasonal hysteresis are unclear, we developed a deep neural network model that predicts water potential changes using rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, and water content time series as inputs. To adapt the model for multiple locations, we incorporated a deep autoencoder neural network as a classifier. The autoencoder compresses the water content time series into a site-specific feature that is highly representative of the underlying water content dynamics of each site and quantifies the similarity of dynamic patterns. By adding the autoencoder's output as an additional input and training the neural network model with three stations located in three major classes established by the autoencoder, we predict matric potential for other sites. This method has the potential to deduce the dynamics of matric potential from water content data (including satellite data) despite strong seasonal effects that cannot be captured by standard methods.
Coupled GPU-based Modeling of Dynamic-Wave Flow and Solute Transport in Floods with Cellular Automata Framework
Authors: Yu Hsiang-Lin , Chang Tsang-Jung
Published: September 2024

Abstract. To achieve efficient modeling of flood flow and subsequent solute transport in real-world flood events, the present study couples the CA-based shallow water flow (SWFCA) solver of Chang et al. (2022) with a CA-based advanced solute transport (ASTCA) solver as a novel coupled approach. This coupled approach is GPU-parallelized by using OpenCL 2.1 under Nvidia CUDA to enhance efficiency. The accuracy of the coupled approach is verified and compared with a popular finite-volume-based coupled approach consisting of a Godunov-type FV-HLLC model for flood flow and a Godunov-type FV-TVD model for solute transport through four test cases. The efficiency of the coupled approach is next assessed through three real-world flood cases with massive computational cells. From the simulated results, the ASTCA solver is found to have better accuracy than the state-of-the-art FV-TVD model. Regarding the efficiency, the SWFCA and ASTCA solvers respectively outperform the FV-HLLC and FV-TVD models by 1.28–1.33 and 2.90–3.33 times. After GPU parallelization, the SWFCA solver, ASTCA solver, and CA-based coupled approach respectively speed up the simulations by 57.64–76.23, 53.55–69.88, and 56.32–74.15 times, which is a remarkable progress as the simulations are performed on a PC with a normal graphic card. Hence, the proposed approach is a useful tool for real-world flood flow and solute transport simulations.
Measurements of frazil ice flocs in rivers
Authors: Pei Chuankang , Yang Jiaqi , She Yuntong , Loewen Mark
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Frazil floc sizes and concentrations have been investigated in a small number of laboratory studies, but no detailed field measurements have been reported previously. In this study, a submersible camera system was deployed a total of 11 times during the principal and residual supercooling phases in the North Saskatchewan, Peace, and Kananaskis rivers to capture time-series images of frazil ice particles and flocs. Images were processed to accurately identify flocs and to calculate their sizes and concentrations. Key hydraulic and meteorological measurements were collected, and air–water heat fluxes were estimated to investigate their influence on floc properties. A lognormal distribution was found to be a good fit for the floc size distribution. The mean floc size ranged from 1.19 to 5.64 mm and the overall mean floc size was 3.80 mm. The mean floc size decreased linearly as the local Reynolds number increased. The average floc number concentration ranged from 1.80×10-4 to 1.15×10-1 cm−3. The average floc volumetric concentration ranged from 2.05×10-7 to 4.56×10-3 and was found to correlate strongly with the fractional height above the river bed. No significant correlations were found between the air–water heat flux and floc properties. Time series analysis showed that during the principal supercooling phase, floc number concentration and mean size increased significantly just prior to peak supercooling and reached a maximum near the end of principal supercooling. During the residual supercooling phase, the mean floc size did not typically vary significantly even 2.5 h after the residual phase had ended and the water temperature had increased above 0 °C.
ffects of Short Sprint Interval Training Frequency on Physical and Physiological Performance Adaptations in Male Soccer Players
Authors: Liu Qingwen , Wang Wanglong , Shu Chuan
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of varying frequencies (1 vs. 2 vs. 3) of short sprint interval training (sSIT) on young male soccer players' physical performance and physiological parameters. Forty young male soccer players were randomly assigned to four experimental groups engaging in 36 trials sSIT for a duration of 6 weeks as follows: once weekly (1sSIT = 4 sets of 9 × 5 sec all-out runs), twice weekly (2sSIT = 2 sets of 9 × 5 sec all-out runs), and three times weekly (3sSIT = 2 sets of 6 × 5 sec all-out runs), or an active control group which continued their soccer practice routines. Before and after the 6-week training period, physical performance (countermovement vertical jump, 20-m sprint, Illinois change of direction, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 [Yo-Yo IR 1] and kicking distance) and physiological parameters (cardiorespiratory fitness, peak and average power output) were evaluated. All sSIT groups demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) and small to very large training effects (i.e., effect size) on measured parameters. More importantly, a comparison of inter-individual variability in the adaptive changes revealed that the 3sSIT group results in lower residuals in changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and anaerobic power, coupled with lower coefficient of variations in the mean group changes and perceived exertion throughout the training period. The findings indicate that incorporating one, two, or three weekly sessions of sSIT into routine soccer training can lead to similar enhancements in soccer players' physiological and performance adaptations. More importantly, higher training frequencies result in more homogenized adaptations among team members by reducing inter-individual variability in the magnitude of the adaptive responses.
De la conciencia de clase a la conciencia de las necesidades. La transformación del socialismo de György Lukács a Agnes Heller
Authors: Sánchez Madrid Nuria
Published: September 2024

Este escrito se propone analizar la evolución de la emancipación socialista desde la obra temprana de György Lukács hasta las propuestas de su discípula Agnes Heller, con la intención de reivindicar la actualidad del paradigma de imaginación social propuesto por la Escuela de Budapest para enfrentar algunos retos de las sociedades polarizadas del presente. En primer lugar, se aborda el potencial político que Lukács encuentra en el texto literario, como un espacio de configuración del sujeto capaz de preocuparse por el lugar que ocupa en la historia y en condiciones de liderar un proyecto práctico emancipador. En segundo lugar, analizo la presentación del sujeto obrero como protagonista adecuado de la historia en Historia y conciencia de clase (1923), subrayando las experiencias específicas que cincelan la conciencia política de la clase proletaria. En tercer lugar, exploro la teoría de las necesidades de Heller como dispositivo de transformación de la conciencia política atento a las exigencias de una sociedad democrática y a la penetración de las prácticas culturales del capitalismo en los sujetos. Finalmente, extraigo algunas conclusiones sobre la repercusión que esta evolución del paradigma socialista muestra en la construcción de nuevas teorías y prácticas de la emancipación.
Rosa Luxemburg, Bertolt Brecht y el problema de la ilustración obrera
Authors: Pérez Fernández Andrea
Published: September 2024

El texto presenta una articulación de las reflexiones de Rosa Luxemburg en torno a la tarea de ilustración de las masas (Aufklärungsarbeit) y de las de Bertolt Brecht a propósito del efecto de distanciamiento (Verfremdungseffekt) en su propuesta de teatro épico. La contribución pone el énfasis en tres ejes: (1) el lugar central que ocupa el pensamiento crítico de las masas; (2) el tipo de vínculo entre individuo y sociedad que se deduce de sus propuestas y (3) la no previsibilidad de los efectos de tales procesos. El análisis de sus textos a la luz de estas tres dimensiones pone sobre la mesa la continuidad entre sus ideas y la relevancia que ambas firmas otorgan a los procesos históricos de democratización y de formación de una ciudadanía políticamente activa; dos aspectos que son, en su obra, a la vez el ímpetu y el horizonte de la revolución socialista.
KEPEMILIKAN TANAH HAK MILIK BEKAS BARAT (EIGENDOM VERPONDING) SETELAH BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1960 TENTANG PERATURAN DASAR POKOK-POKOK AGRARIA
Authors: Munthe Donny Markas Sahputra G. , Gaol Selamat Lumban , Sudarto
Published: September 2024

Eigendom verponding adalah hak atas tanah yang berasal dari hak-hak barat yang diberikan kepada Warga Negara Indonesia pada masa penjajahan Belanda. Setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria, eigendom verponding ini dikonversi menjadi hak milik, namun dengan syarat tertentu yang harus dipenuhi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan kepemilikan tanah hak milik bekas eigendom verponding berdasarkan perundang-undangan Indonesia serta bagaimana status kepemilikan tanah tersebut setelah diberlakukannya UU No. 5/1960 berdasarkan praktik peradilan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan kepemilikan tanah hak milik bekas eigendom verponding diatur dalam KUH Perdata, UU No. 5/1960, dan peraturan pelaksanaan lainnya. Undang-undang ini dimaksudkan untuk menyatukan dan menyederhanakan hukum agraria nasional melalui konversi hak atas tanah lama menjadi hak yang sesuai dengan ketentuan baru. Berdasarkan praktik peradilan, seperti yang terlihat dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan Nomor 413/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Jkt.Sel., Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta Nomor 331/Pdt/2020/PT.DKI, dan Putusan Peninjauan Kembali Nomor 594 PK/Pdt/2022, konversi ini memberikan kepastian hukum bagi pemegang hak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembentukan peraturan baru dalam bentuk undang-undang, peraturan pemerintah, atau peraturan menteri untuk memberikan perlindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi hak milik bekas barat (eigendom verponding).
IMMISCIBLE POLYMER–FILLER SYSTEMS FOR TUNABLE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Weise Nickolaus K. , Mason Brian P. , Roland C. Michael , Mott Peter H.
Published: September 2024

A model system consisting of a 50/50 immiscible mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF), with covalently bound nano silica–reinforcing particles, was used to investigate how the distribution of particles affects viscoelastic properties. The rubbery polymers were generated by chain extending from their respective oligomers through hydroxyl end groups with 1,6-diisocyanato hexane. The viscosity of the resulting PEG and PTHF polymers was 32 and 1000 Pa-s, respectively. Setting the overall SiO2 concentration to 10 phr, we explored three different silica distributions: (1) all-in-PEG, 20 phr in PEG and neat PTHF; (2) uniform, 10 phr in both PEG and PTHF; and (3) all-in-PTHF, neat PEG and 20 phr in PTHF. When compared with the uniform system, the storage and loss shear moduli and the viscosity of the all-in-PTHF system showed a 20-fold increase of the stiffness at low strain, yet nearly the same viscosity at high strain. Similarly, the storage and loss moduli of all-in-PEG mixtures were roughly 1/10 that of the uniform system. The surprisingly high modulus and high viscosity of the all-in-PTHF system can be understood as the entire PTHF regions themselves becoming solid filler.
Torsion of Right Paratubal Cyst Discovered During Appendectomy about an Observation at Conakry University Hospital: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: TI Barry , SY Diakité , Z Sow , AA Diallo , AM Koundouno , IK Bah , A Touré , AT Diallo , B Diallo
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The paratubal cyst is a latero-uterine mass independent of the ovary, tubular, with thick, hypervascularized walls. It may be responsible for progressive complications such as Fallopian tube torsion. Observation: Mrs FBD, 52 years old, admitted for abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa (RIF) with episodes of fever. Course: 3 days. Past history: gastritis. Gestites: 5, parity: 4, alive: 4, dead: 1. Examination: general condition satisfactory, integument and mucous membranes normocolored. BP=120/70. Temperature: 36°C, pulse: 80/min. Symmetrical abdomen participates in breathing, painful in IDF with parietal defense. Audible peristalsis. Pelvic touch was unremarkable. The rest of the examination was unremarkable. Biology: inflammatory biological syndrome: hyper leukocytosis (17.60G/L) with 84% neutrophils (14.78G/L). Through an approach in the lower abdominal fold, appendectomy followed by detorsion and right paratubal cystectomy. Good postoperative outcome. Conclusion: Paratubal cysts and their complications are rarely diagnosed preoperatively. In our case, the diagnosis was made intraoperatively. Treatment consisted of right paratubal cystectomy with ovarian conservation.