bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of vapor dispersion from compressed hydrogen (H2) storage vessels
Authors: Kasmani Rafiziana Md. , Norazhar Norafneeza , Ahmad Kamaroddin Mohd. Fadhzir
Published: April 2024

The rising demand for hydrogen fuel, driven by the emergence of fuel cell electric vehicles, underscores the need to optimize refueling station efficiency and affordability while prioritizing safety and performance. Compressed gas hydrogen storage emerges as a practical solution however safety across production, storage, and distribution is paramount for broader acceptance of hydrogen technologies. Any incidents could undermine public trust, emphasizing the importance of mitigating risks such as hydrogen leakage. This study investigates hydrogen dispersion and conducts consequence analyses for potential hazards, considering stability, ambient temperature, wind speed, and process parameters like vessel temperature, pressure, and leakage diameter. It assesses various scenarios, including high-pressure storage vessels and generic refueling station layouts, by employing integral models of ALOHA, PHAST and HyRAM. Findings showed that process parameters significantly influence hazard severity, with leakage diameter having a notable impact. Common safety vulnerabilities in fuel cell vehicles and refueling stations are highlighted, emphasizing adherence to international regulations and standards for enhanced safety protocols.
The Conceptual of Pavement Management System Based on IoT, Big Data, and Data Mining in Indonesia
Authors: Aden Thomas Setiabudi , Widyastuti Hera , Kartika Anak Agung Gde
Published: April 2024

The country’s economic development and people’s lives require reliable transportation and logistics services. Therefore, road maintenance policies and techniques must be more comprehensive to ensure transportation infrastructure operations’ efficiency. The inefficiency of road maintenance, among others, is due to the failure to identify and predict the level of damage that can cause fundamental data anomalies. Therefore, the current scientific development of road maintenance must be able to take advantage of the convenience of technology. Widespread technology implementation on the Internet of Think (IoT), big data, and data mining (DM) can be a solution to developing a better pavement management system. However, implementing these technologies is challenging due to the weak conception and availability of currently available resources. This paper offers a pavement system management implementation concept that can be developed in Indonesia to improve the existing system. The study results show that IoT, big data, and DM are believed to support a more intelligent and comprehensive pavement management system. The concept offered consists of three main things: identification of damage and 3D pavement modeling, data analysis, decision support systems, and collaboration of intelligent solutions in implementing maintenance in the field. This paper is equipped with an illustration of the concept of road maintenance based on IoT, big data, and DM, which can be implemented intelligently and simply in Indonesia.
AMANDA (Your Plant Monitoring Application) Implementation Android Application Program Project Management Using Agile Scrum Method and Trello
Authors: Pratiwi Indah , Sari Septi Yunita
Published: April 2024

Software development is closely related to several Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) processes. PT Inamas Sintesis Teknologi (INASTEK) is committed to helping employees work easier through Internet of Things (IoT) based technology. This research aims to manage a project for making your Plant Monitoring Application (AMANDA) which can be accessed via a smartphone. This research method uses agile scrum which can adapt to user needs which can be developed repeatedly and the Trello application as an archive of sprint data for each division. The results of this study are the AMANDA application which is able to monitor and control strawberry plants in real-time which is equipped with a menu of temperature, humidity, ec meter, ph meter, water level, soil moisture, liquid temp, co2 level, water pump, nutrient pump, pump pH, sample pump, plant pump, and pipe valve with 3 second delay. Work on this application development project with a duration of 3.5 months and a total cost of Rp. 13,999,891 involving PT INASTEK as product owner, Product Management Division as scrum master, and Engineering Division as development team. With the AMANDA application, it can help PT. INASTEK in developing the projects they have.
Lessons Learned: Enterprise Information System Project on Education Institution
Authors: Haryono Kholid , Ramadhani Erika , Setiawan Mukhammad Andri , Setiaji Hari , Suranto Beni , Sujarwo Ari , Ratnasari Chanifah Indah
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the challenges posed by Industry 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitate digital transformation in educational institutions. It focuses on the specific issues of integrating enterprise information systems to facilitate this transformation. The solution proposed is the development of an integrated information system to manage operational processes within educational institutions. This system targets key domains including student admissions, academics, finance, and human resources, utilizing role-based access control (RBAC) and Single Sign-On (SSO) for efficiency and security. The methodology involves a collaborative effort under the Matching Fund program by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia. This collaboration includes the Universitas Islam Indonesia and the Salman Alfarisi Yogyakarta educational institution. The approach includes defining the project, collecting, and reviewing lessons, creating a repository of these lessons, and disseminating the findings. The project successfully developed and implemented an integrated information system, addressing the initial challenges and improving organizational efficiency in the participating educational institution. The system’s deployment covered multiple key operational domains, significantly digitizing the institution’s processes. This paper contributes valuable insights and best practices from the integration project, serving as a model for other universities and educational institutions. It showcases the potential of collaborative efforts in accelerating digital transformation in education, especially in the context of Indonesia’s vast network of universities and educational institutions.
The Implementation of Land Use Scenario to Mitigate Erosion Rate in Pidekso Dam Catchment Area
Authors: Hermawan Andrias , Solikin Mochamad , Jumadi
Published: April 2024

Land use in Pidekso Dam Catchment Area is the largest in moorland and rice fields, so the potential for erosion rates that produce sedimentation is relatively high and dramatically affects the operating life of the dam. This study aims to compare several land use implementation scenarios to obtain a longer operating life at Pidekso Dam. The amount of erosion rate is calculated based on the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model with the integration of Geographic Information Systems for land use implementation scenarios. The calculation results before the land use implementation scenario showed the magnitude of the erosion rate at Pidekso Dam Catchment Area of 971846.151 tons/year with a sediment yield of 116026.553 tons/year, including a very severe erosion hazard level. The operating life of Pidekso Dam is estimated to last only 33.54 years from the planned life of 50 years. Based on the analysis of several land use scenarios using vegetative and mechanical methods for the longer operating life of Pidekso Dam with the construction of sediment barriers, which reached 53.99 years.
Flood management analysis in the Ngasinan River, Trenggalek Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Nurdianyoto Indra , Hermawan Cahyo N. , Djajasinga Viari , Ikhsan Jazaul
Published: April 2024

Flood event occurs during the rainy season when water volume increases because rainwater flows through the water channel; due to water volume being larger than the water channel capacity, this event can cause flood inundation through residential areas. The Ngasinan catchment at Trenggalek Regency experienced a flood event that affected thousands of lives in October 2022, to reduce the impact of future floods, this study objective carried out recommendation plans for flood management in the Ngasinan River. The Ngasinan catchment hydrology, maximum annual rainfall from 230.0 mm to 585.0 mm, flood discharge design for the Ngasinan river (river length 21.73 km as main river drainage) are Q25 = 318.64 m3/s, Q100 = 394.96 m3/s. Hydraulic simulation using flood discharge design Q25 -Q100 showed that flood occurs in Ngasinan River sections especially those without embankments or at lower river elevations and cross-sections. Recommendation plans for the Ngasinan River flood management are river normalization, river embankment repairs, residential drainage system, and construction of dams/reservoirs/retarding basins, expected to restore the river’s storage capacity due to sedimentation and destructive flood discharge also to reduce flood discharge, protect river channel banks against flood discharge, and prevent overtopping water into nearby land.
The Leaching Process of Acid Sulphate Soil by One-and Two-Way Flow Systems in the Katingan Swamp Irrigation Area
Authors: Hadi Siswoyo , Pratiwi Endita Prima Ari , Wignyosukarto Budi Santoso
Published: April 2024

The Katingan Swamp Irrigation Area, established in 1980, has an important role in supporting food security in Indonesia. It needs to be reclaimed to increase agricultural production, especially for leaching acid sulphate soil. The swamp irrigation area was expanded and rehabilitated so that the two-way flow became a one-way flow system to support the leaching process. This study aims to assess the discharge and water quality alterations in the Katingan main channel after the change of flow system. The aim is achieved by comparing the outcomes obtained from one-way and two-way flow simulations. The simulation used a mathematical model based on water level, water quality, and land topography data collected in the field. According to the findings, the two-way system demonstrates that fresh water from the river has not been able to improve water quality (pH) at the end of the primary channel, thereby leading to extreme acidity in those regions. Meanwhile, a one-way flow facilitates efficient circulation and delivers fresh water to the farthest service regions. Effective water circulation is important to enhance water quality in agricultural areas that have recently expanded. The current study focuses on mid-irrigation. Future research may cover the entire irrigation network for in-depth analysis.
Enhancing the Efficiency of Rice Harvesting: A Study on the Design and Evaluation of Ripper Type Rice Harvesters
Authors: Razak Arthur Halik , Muttaqin Ahmad Nurul , Basongan Yosrihard , Nur Rusdi
Published: April 2024

This article primarily examines the optimization of the Indonesian rice combine harvester PT Om Hwahaha (Futata) to increase the efficacy of crop processing and harvesting. The optimization method includes inserting binding mechanisms into the threshing and cleaning instruments, as well as modifying the collecting and steering systems to support vertically bound multiple outputs. Performance is measured by doing trials that involve adjusting the forward speed of the machine, the average weight of the item, and the height at which the weight is put for spherical objects. The findings revealed that utilization efficiency peaked at 98.80% with a forward speed of 1.65 km/h, a weight of 3 kg, and a height of 30 cm. The measures assessed under these conditions were as follows: 722 bundles were generated per hour, grain loss was 2.83%, field capacity was 0.189 hectares per hour, efficiency was 81.8%, surplus power was 11.07 kilowatts, and energy consumption. is 58.57 kilowatt-hours per hectare. This advancement shows the prospect of improved efficiency, less losses, and better energy preservation in rice harvesting techniques.
Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for Rapid Damage Runway Repair (RADARR) Time Planning at Military Airbases
Authors: Saputra Pungky Dharma , Fansuri Muhammad Hamzah , Laksmi Anasya Arsita
Published: April 2024

The military airbase plays a crucial role in national defense, particularly in air defense. One of the most critical facilities at a military airbase for supporting air operations is the runway that serves as the area where fighter aircraft take off and land; hence. If such an event occurs, the Air Force’s capability, specifically the ability of fighter aircraft to take off and land, would be compromised, disrupting air operations. Therefore, the rapid damage runway repair (RADARR) method, aligned with the rigid pavement construction approach, is essential. The foundation of the construction implementation involves creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) as a reference for RADARR operation planning. This study aims to develop a WBS as the basis for RADARR operation time planning. The research method employed is a mixed-method approach with descriptive analysis. The variables under investigation include work packages, construction methods, work activities, and the duration of operations. This study comprises expert judgment, pilot surveys, respondent surveys, and focus group discussion (FGD) followed by the development of RADARR WBS, measure the operational time of RADARR through respondent surveys. These findings serve as a valuable reference for executing RADARR construction work within the military context.
Optimizing Human Resource Allocation in Construction Projects in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Influencing Factors
Authors: Putri Rizki Dewayani , Machfudiyanto Rossy Armyn
Published: April 2024

The Indonesian construction sector, driven by population density and infrastructure demands, rebounded from a second-quarter 2020 contraction due to COVID-19, completing projects worth Rp1,311.4 trillion in 2020. Human resource (HR) allocation is critical in this labour-intensive industry, as it impacts project efficiency. This study explores factors influencing HR selection and allocation in construction projects, addressing the challenges of HR shortages or excess. A well-planned HR allocation strategy is essential for a successful project completion. This study delves into the relationships between HR factors, cost, and time performance, emphasizing the importance of effective HR management. It introduces hypotheses for investigation and proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the impacts of HR, cost, and company-related factors on project performance. This research utilized qualitative analysis methodologies and expert validation to refine the instrument for a nuanced understanding of HR dynamics in construction projects. This study aims to obtain expert-validated factors that influence labour selection in construction projects to improve project performance. This study highlights the need for accurate estimation for HR, thorough planning, and implementation of effective HR recruitment policies.
Comparative Economic Study of Electric Cars in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Yonna Ribut Perdana , Sudiarno Adithya , Sholihah Mar’atus , Wikarta Alief , Pranaditya I Made Ivan Sathya , Saputra Yudha Andrian
Published: April 2024

As a step to reduce C02 emissions, the Indonesian Government has issued various regulations, one of the aims of which is to encourage the use of electric cars as environmentally friendly vehicles. According to Gaikindo (2022), the number of electric cars sold in 2022 of only 15,437 units. The figure has increased by 383.46% compared to 2021 however, the number of electric car users in Indonesia is still quite low when compared to the Indonesian Government’s target of 2 million units for switching from conventional/Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) cars to electric-based cars by 2030. Economic considerations are a significant barrier to efforts to electrify conventional cars. This research aims to provide an economic analysis of electric cars and conventional cars in Indonesia through Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and Equipment Uniform Annualized Cost (EUAC) calculations. According to the TCO calculation, the best ownership time for an electric car at a distance of 10000-25000 KM is between 7 to 9 years. The deeper investigation through EUAC calculation showed that the economic lifetime of electric cars at a distance of 10000-25000 KM is 9 years compared with other ICE cars in the same segment.
Development of a Green Building Assessment System at The Green Building Planning Stage in Indonesia
Authors: Surya Rahmadi , Ali Berawi Mohammed , Sari Mustika
Published: April 2024

The fact that more people are living in cities is an important challenge for the construction industry in designing and developing cities. This industry emphasizes to have sustainable construction development principles, one of which is Green Building strategies. Because of this, several developed countries have implemented Green Building Rating Systems (GBRS) to assess Green Building achievements. Green Building Rating Systems were developed to help professionals measure building performance, and meet the requirements of sustainable design and construction. In Indonesia, there are 2 assessment standards as a Green Building Rating System, namely PUPR Ministerial Regulation No. 21 of 2021 which is a regulation issued by the Ministry of PUPR as the Ministry in charge of Public Works and Public Housing Affairs in this case includes buildings and GREENSHIP as a product of the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI), which is a independent institution. Different GBRS have similar objectives such as verifying the environmental performance of buildings, using natural resources efficiently, estimating the energy performance of buildings, and encouraging more energy-efficient building designs. The purpose of this research is to identify Green Building variables that are most suitable and relevant to the current conditions in Indonesia with a comparative analysis.
A Conceptual Design for Smart Risk Assessment
Authors: Salma Sheila Amalia , Safrudin Yunita Nugrahaini , Budiasih Endang
Published: April 2024

Technology cannot be separated from the development of Industry 4.0 in which smart working is the focus. One of the company’s activities that helps the company to achieve its quality goals and objectives is risk management. Based on observations of one SMEs, poor risk management is still found. The risks that occur have not been identified, assessed, and treated appropriately. In addition, documentation that has not been conducted makes the risks that occur later not be handled properly. The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual model of smart risk assessment. The step of this research includes identifying stake holders (as users), identifying functional design, designing context diagram (CD) and data flow diagram (DFD), and designing fidelity prototype. The users involve the production manager, operational manager, and director. The functional design integrates stake holders’ requirements and ISO 31000:2018 risk management process. The design of fidelity prototype focuses on risk assessment, risk treatment, and documentation of risk management. This application is expected to become one of the sustainable development and information systems on Industries.
Smart Waste Management System for Smart & Sustainable City of Indonesia’s New State Capital: A Literature Review
Authors: Manik Silviani Lionita Claudya , Berawi Mohammed Ali , Gunawan  , Sari Mustika
Published: April 2024

Urbanization in Indonesia has led to increased waste generation, posing significant challenges to sustainability. Until now, the method for collecting and transporting waste in Indonesia is still done manually. Nusantara, the New State Capital of Indonesia, aims to address these challenges through the adoption of a Smart Waste Management System (SWMS), leveraging IoT and ICT technologies. This paper reviews the current state of technology research in this field. The proposed SWMS framework integrates various types of sensors for waste monitoring, categorizing, and real-time tracking. This system enhances operational efficiency by triggering waste pickup when bin fill levels exceed a set threshold and directing waste pickup vehicles equipped with GPS and surveillance systems to specific locations. Managed by a central management system accessible via web or mobile applications, this framework exemplifies an innovative approach to waste management in Nusantara, aligning with the city’s vision of becoming a smart and sustainable urban area. The paper concludes that integrating IoT and ICT in waste management is crucial for achieving sustainable urban environments. The successful implementation of SWMS in Nusantara could serve as a model for other cities globally.
Analysis of Green Supply Chain Risk in the Palm Oil Industry at PT PKS Rimba Mujur Mahkota Using the Green SCOR Method
Authors: Pramuja Harry , Prasetyo Hari
Published: April 2024

PT Rimba Mujur Mahkota PKS is a large company in the CPO processing sector in North Sumatra. It is the largest palm oil producing area in Indonesia, making many competing companies. In winning the competition, risk management is very important to be implemented in the company. Risks that result in environmental, social and political damage are important to consider in supply chain management so that changes to business processes regarding environmentally friendly issues are needed. This research aims to design a good green supply chain model for companies and mitigate some of the risks that are classified as high. The method used is Green SCOR by integrating risk mitigation. The Green SCOR design is used to map business processes that are well applied to the company. On the other hand, the matrix that has been described is used to identify the risks that occur in the company. From the results of the discussion, 41 types of risks were obtained and then risk calculations were carried out so that 9 risks were classified as very severe so that mitigation was needed. A total of 6 risks were treated by reducing, 2 risks were treated by sharing, and 1 risk was treated by avoiding. Further mitigation suggestions are given in the form of control by monitoring suppliers, overseeing own operations, implementing strict policies and standards, and collaborating with relevant parties, palm oil mills can control the risks associated with their production and ensure more sustainable practices.
Green SCM Performance Evaluation of Petroleum Exploration Companies using Green SCOR Model
Authors: Anna Ika Deefi , Mukaromah Lu’lu’atul
Published: April 2024

This research aims to create a green SCM performance evaluation system using the Green SCOR model approach. The Green SCOR performance evaluation system begins by determining three process hierarchies, namely levels 1, 2, and 3. Level 1 includes the general process of plan, source, make, deliver and return. Level 2 includes the dimensions of reliability, responsiveness, flexibility, cost, and asset. Level 3 is related to the level of the company’s process elements. The results of expert validation obtained 18 Green SCM key performance indicators (KPIs) that correspond to the company’s supply chain operations. In the next step, the experts conducted a weighting process for levels 1, 2, and 3 using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the results of the performance measurement on each indicator, the total score obtained is 85, which means good. There are 4 KPIs that fall into the poor category, namely MA2 (total water usage) with a performance value of 13, SA1 (percentage of turnover ratio) with a performance value of 18, MR2 (level of hazardous materials produced) with a performance value of 18, and DA1 (Percentage of vehicle fuel for transportation and material handling) with a performance value of 35.
Study Experimental of Honda Astrea Grand Performance Modification Intake Manifold Using Velocity Stack Dimple 1mm with Variation Diameter Inlate 60, 70, and 80mm
Authors: Aji Saputra Galuh , Putro Sartono
Published: April 2024

The Velocity Stack Intake is a trumpet-shaped device that enhances the combustion process by allowing air to enter the intake manifold at high velocity, reducing turbulence. This study investigated the impact of velocity stack intake on vehicle performance by changing the inlet radius to produce a more focused airflow. The optimization aimed to find the maximum diameter of the velocity stack intake to achieve maximum results. The results showed that the maximum torque, power, and specific fuel consumption occurred at a Diameter of 80mm.
Effect of Biomass Drying Temperature on The Characteristics of Gas Produced by Fluidized Gasifier Bubbling Reactors
Authors: Yusuf Muh. Ilham , Aklis Nur , Candraika Farhan , Sari Joana , Gibran Zidan , Ramadhan Bagas , Syefullah Muh. , Wijianto  , Syawitri Taurista
Published: April 2024

Biomass is an alternative fuel that can be used and one of the technologies to utilize biomass is gasification. This study aims to determine the effect of biomass drying temperature on the characteristics of the gas produced by the Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier Reactor. This research uses 3 variations of drying temperature on biomass fuel, namely 70 ˚C, 90 ˚C, and 110 ˚C. The results showed that the higher the biomass drying temperature, the higher the temperature distribution. The highest temperature distribution is found in fuel with P 110 ˚C with a temperature distribution of 592.266 ˚C and the lowest distribution occurs in fuel with P 70 ˚C with a temperature distribution of 498.64 ˚C.
Carbon Footprint Analysis on Phosphoric Acid Production Using Wet Process at PT Petrokimia Gresik
Authors: Nashira Alimatun , Istiqomah Inggrid , Putri Adeline Novianti , Badari Muhammad Farkhan
Published: April 2024

Phosphoric acid is one of the main commodities in the fertilizer industry, which is very important in agricultural countries such as Indonesia. One of the biggest players in Indonesia’s fertilizer industry is PT Petrokimia Gresik, which owns a phosphoric acid plant that produces 200,000 MT/year phosphoric acid using the hemi-dihydrate process. Phosphoric acid production can be energy intensive and involve a lot of material transport, which usually corresponds with a high carbon footprint. To date, there is no literature regarding carbon footprint of Indonesia’s phosphoric acid. Thus, a carbon footprint analysis was done on phosphoric acid production at PT Petrokimia Gresik based on the inventory from their material and energy balance data. The electricity emission factor was calculated from their coal unit power plant, while the emission factor for raw materials was estimated from literature. The carbon footprint is 1378.25 kg CO2/ton P2O5. The largest carbon footprint contribution comes from sulphuric acid (43.81%), followed by material transport (36.78%). The sensitivity analysis shows that the carbon footprint was very sensitive to sulphuric acid and sea transport emission factor.
Battery Management System (BMS) Performance Test with 1- Cell, 2-Cell and 3-Cell Battery Arrays
Authors: Mubarak Bagja Rahmat , Diantoro Markus , karim Moh. Hafidhuddin
Published: April 2024

Batteries are one of the storage media for electrical energy whose development is quite significant. A battery if there is no monitoring on its use will cause damage to the battery itself
such as a battery that heats up quickly, leaks and bubbles. Currently, there are quite a lot of battery management systems available as battery monitoring and controlling modules to avoid overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent that have the potential to damage battery quality. Tests on the battery management system (BMS) as a monitoring and controlling module are carried out in this article. Tests were carried out on BMS 1S, 2S, and 3S series with Li-Ion 18650 2200mAh 3.7 V Battery type. The results of the BMS controling test show that the overcharging and overdischarging protection functions can work well. While the results of monitoring the cut off value of overcharging protection of each BMS are 3.7 V, 7.2 V, and 11.1 V. The cut off value of overdischarging protection of each BMS is 3.23 V, 6.1 V, and 9.23 V.
Numerical Study of Tandem Installation of Twin Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbines on PLTU Paiton Cooling Water Channel
Authors: Priandika Yoga Erry , Yuwono Tri Yogi , Hermawan Rachmat
Published: April 2024

Water energy is a renewable energy source that has enormous potential in Indonesia. In PLTU Paiton, there is a cooling water channel with a width of 15 m and a depth of 10 m with a water flow speed of 1 - 2.8 m/s. Of course, this is a source of energy that will be wasted if not utilised. This research proposes to exploit this potential energy source by installing twin Savonius hydrokinetic turbines arranged in tandem. This research uses numerical simulations to determine the optimal longitudinal distance between the twin turbines. The simulation configures two tandem turbines rotating in the same direction. The variations in this research are the distance between the two turbines. The turbine is simulated with a water flow speed of 2 m/s. The results obtained are that the greater the distance between the two tandem turbines, the better the performance of the two turbines. At the distance of T/D = 2.1, the front turbine and rear turbine influence each other, and distance of T/D = 70, the rear turbine does not affect the performance of the front turbine but the front turbine still affects the performance of the rear turbine.
Synthesis of SnO2 for Thermoelectric Applications Using the Hydrothermal, Co-precipitation, and Co-Precipitation Sonication Methods
Authors: Azzahra Izzatunnisa , Yogihati Chusnana Insjaf , Masruhah Alma Nur Roisatul , Pahlevi Reza Akbar , Diantoro Markus
Published: April 2024

Tin oxide (SnO2) holds promise in thermoelectric applications. The paper explores the preparation of SnO2 nanoparticles by employing various methods. Synthesis of SnO2 material is carried out using a comparison of several methods, including the hydrothermal method, co-precipitation method, and co- precipitation sonication. This comparison aims to identify the most efficient method for SnO2 synthesis with the best performance in thermoelectric applications. Characterization techniques such as SEM-EDX, XRD, and thermoelectric properties, electrical resistivity, electrical conductivity were utilized. Results obtained in the thermoelectric performance test, specifically electrical resistivity and electrical conductivity, showed a decrease in resistivity with increasing temperature for all three methods. In the hydrothermal method, excessively high temperatures led to difficulties in accurately measuring electrical resistivity. The co- precipitation method proved to be the most effective for SnO2 synthesis.
Water Absorption Rate in Porous Concrete Paving Block as a Permeable Pavement Structure
Authors: Matthew Darren , Hadiwardoyo Sigit Pranowo , Iduwin Tommy , Lumingkewas Riana Herlina
Published: April 2024

Controlling surface water runoff is one way to maintain environmental sustainability. Rainwater on the road surface is one of the problems that must be controlled. Most road surfaces are covered with waterproof material so that rainwater cannot infiltrate into the ground, which then accumulates and causes flooding. This research aims to study porous concrete paving blocks to prevent flooding. This paving block material is made from a coarse aggregate of 4 – 9.5 mm as the main component for making porous concrete paving blocks with height variations of 6 cm, 8 cm, and 10 cm. Concrete Paving Block is used to compare the performance of Porous Concrete Paving Block. Compression, porosity, and infiltration rate tests have been carried out to see its characteristics. Based on tests that have been carried out, porous concrete paving blocks have a porosity ranging from 19 - 23% and an infiltration rate ranging from 0.17 - 0.42 cm/second; however, porous concrete paving blocks experience a decrease in compressive strength of 58 - 60% when compared to concrete paving blocks conventional.
Occupational Health and Safety Analysis Using Job Safety Analysis and Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control Methods
Authors: Djunaidi Much , Umami Haliza
Published: April 2024

Occupational Safety and Health is an important factor in the smooth production of a company that has a relationship with machinery, work tools, work environment, raw materials and processing. The purpose of this research is to minimize the number of work accidents in the company by identifying hazards, risk assessment and risk control. The research method used is the Job Safety Analysis method to classify work activities and identify hazards descriptively while the Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control method is used to conduct risk assessment and risk control in each sequence of work processes. The results of the research conducted showed 57 potential hazards with 17 potential hazards in the unloading process, 3 potential hazards in the measurement process, 11 types of hazards in the sawing process and 26 potential hazards in the sorting process. Based on the results obtained, the risk categories can be classified as 16 (28%) potential hazards in the lowrisk category, 28 (49%) potential hazards in the medium risk category, 13 (23%) potential hazards in the highrisk category and 0 (0%) potential hazards in the extreme risk category. The risk control carried out is by using elimination, substitution, administrative and PPE.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis on the dyeing process to increase sustainable production in batik SMEs
Authors: Muslimah Etika , Suwarno Arsya Rizqi , Nandiroh Siti
Published: April 2024

Satrio Utomo SME is a batik small and medium enterprise located in Kedunggudel, Sukoharjo, which was established in 2010. This business specializes in producing two types of batik, written batik and stamped batik. Both production processes utilize Remazol as the raw material for synthetic dyes. Notably, while written batik exclusively employs 100% Remazol dye, stamped batik incorporates recycled Remazol dye. This study aims to calculate, analyze, and offer recommendations for enhancing eco-efficiency in the utilization of Remazole dye by employing the Life Cycle Assessment method with SimaPro 9.3 software to evaluate the environmental impact of both batik production methods. The results indicate that the eco- efficiency index for written batik stands at 1.03, whereas stamped batik boasts an index of 1.07, signifying superior eco-efficiency. This underscores the greater environmental impact of written batik, while stamped batik demonstrates a more favorable balance between economic and ecological considerations. The study proposes an enhancement strategy: increasing the production of stamped batik employing recycled Remazol dye due to its higher net value. For written batik, the recommendation involves transitioning from synthetic dyes to natural dyes, known for their environmental friendliness and ability to yield classic batik results.
Increasing Project Success in Wellhead and Christmas Tree Manufacturing Equipment Through Risk Management Culture
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Baba Ishak , Tamin Norfauzi , Setyo Darmawan Agung , Sani Winardi
Published: April 2024

The primary equipment for oil production, manufactured in a plant, is the wellhead and Christmas tree. By creating a standardized set of risk instruments and a risk management framework, embedding risk management into organizational culture will reduce the overhead of imposing risk management on every new manufacturing project. This study's goal is to improve project success by examining the culture of risk management practices in the production of wellhead and Christmas tree equipment. The information was gathered from companies in Malaysia and Batam, Indonesia, with 161 respondents in a population study. Employing Cronbach's alpha to analyze the descriptive data and determine its significance. The Cronbach alpha and significant value are displayed consequently. The study's data came from a post-survey and survey using a Google link form of companies with stock listed in Malaysia and Batam, Indonesia. These results show that risk culture and staff competency may be created as important variables to improve risk management implementation in manufacturing, based on descriptive statistical analysis. This paper shows how to create a multicultural project management process and raise project success rates by adhering to this approach.
Multiple Linear Regression Modeling for Analysis of Factors Affecting COD and BOD on River Water Quality in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Novianta Muhammad Andang , Syafrudin  , Warsito Budi
Published: April 2024

Many factors can affect the quality of river water in DIY, both the activities of the population and industry. Several river water quality parameters that can be used to determine the health condition of river water are Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). This study tested the effect of TSS and DO on BOD and COD in 10 rivers in DIY. The method used is multiple linear regression modeling. Based on hypothesis testing in multiple linear regression with a significance level of 5%, it is found that TSS and DO significantly affect BOD and COD conditions in 2019. Furthermore, in 2020 only DO significantly affects COD. The prediction result is that if TSS is high then BOD and COD will be predicted to have high value. If DO is high then COD and BOD will be predicted to be low.
Blunted orosensory perception of lipids during obesity: myth or reality?
Authors: Bernard Arnaud , Besnard Philippe
Published: April 2024

Obesity is now considered as a disease requiring treatment and prevention efforts by reason of severe associated co-morbidities and its growing prevalence in worldwide population. Although origin of this “epidemic” situation is clearly multifactorial, recent changes in our life-style especially about our food supply with an easy access to low-cost energy-dense foods seem to play a significant causal role in this phenomenon. Studies also report that obesity is frequently associated with a preferential consumption of high palatable foods rich in fat and sugar. Since these foods are pleasant and have high hedonic quality, this obesogenic eating behavior change raises the possibility of an alteration of orosensory perception system as a consequence of obesity. This hypothesis has led to a recent literature on the relationship between obesity and sensory sensitivity, known to play a significant role in the food choice. The purpose of this mini-review, focused on the orosensory perception of dietary lipids (i.e. taste of fat), is to provide a short overview of what is observed in food-induced obese rodents as compared to what is found in patients with obesity. It tries to answer to the following basic question: is obesity associated with a loss of orosensory sensitivity to dietary lipids that leads to obesogenic food choices?
Low-energy optogenetic technique offers safer arrhythmia treatments
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: April 2024

Optical resonant feedback pacing terminated arrhythmia patterns using 50 times less energy than a single-pulse approach.
Kinetic inductance in superconducting CoSi2 coplanar microwave transmission lines
Authors: Mukhanova Ekaterina , Zeng Weijun , Heredia Elica Anne , Wu Chun-Wei , Lilja Ilari , Lin Juhn-Jong , Yeh Sheng-Shiuan , Hakonen Pertti
Published: April 2024

We have looked into cobalt disilicide (CoSi2) as a potential building block for superconducting quantum circuits. In order to achieve this, we annealed a thin layer of Co to create microwave cavities with thickness of d = 10–105 nm from CoSi2 embedded in the silicon substrate. The cavity properties were measured as a function of temperature and power. In the films measuring 10 and 25 nm, we find a significant kinetic inductance LK with a non-BCS power-law variation δLK ∝ T4.3±0.2 at low temperatures. The quality factor of the studied microwave resonances varied from 3 × 103 (d = 10 nm) to ∼5 × 104 (d = 105 nm) and increased as d(A − log d) with thickness, with two-level systems having very little effect. The power dependence of kinetic inductance was analyzed in terms of heat flow due to electron–phonon coupling, which was found to be stronger than estimated for heat relaxation by regular quasiparticles.
3D printed polyvinylpyrrolidone–honey-gel with adhesive and degradable ability applied as bio-tape
Authors: Hu Shilong , Liu Yan , Yin Zhengzhou , Chen Husheng , Jin Yuan , Zhang Aibing , Zhang Minghua , Hua Licheng , Du Jianke , Li Guangyong
Published: April 2024

This study explored the development of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)–honey-gel (PHG) through 3D printing, aiming to develop a multifunctional bio-tape with adhesive and degradable properties. Based on the potential of honey to promote wound healing due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, a PVP–honey-based 3D printing ink was developed by combining honey and PVP to create PHG through 3D printing technology that can form a film with strong adhesion and flexibility. First, the chemical–physical properties of PHG and its 3D printing performance were characterized. The line width achievable in 3D printing for the PHG line can extend to ∼100 µm. In addition, the adhesive properties of the PHG film were evaluated by using a 180° peeling test on various materials (glass, copper, wood, and pig skin), highlighting its potential for diverse applications. Finally, the application of the PHG film as a bio-tape was demonstrated through a successful animal experiment on a rabbit’s skin wound. Due to its adhesive and degradable properties, the bio-tape exhibited 3D conformability and ease of removal without residue.
Coadaptation of coexisting plants enhances productivity in an agricultural system
Authors: Schmutz Anja , Schöb Christian
Published: April 2024

Growing crops in more diverse crop systems (i.e., intercropping) is one way to produce food more sustainably. Even though intercropping, compared to average monocultures, is generally more productive, the full yield potential of intercropping might not yet have been achieved as modern crop cultivars are bred to be grown in monoculture. Breeding plants for more familiarity in mixtures, i.e., plants that are adapted to more diverse communities (i.e., adaptation) or even to coexist with each other (i.e., coadaptation) might have the potential to sustainably enhance productivity. In this study, the productivity benefits of familiarity through evolutionary adaptation and coevolutionary coadaptation were disentangled in a crop system through an extensive common garden experiment. Furthermore, evolutionary and coevolutionary effects on species-level and community-level productivity were linked to corresponding changes in functional traits. We found evidence for higher productivity and trait convergence with increasing familiarity with the plant communities. Furthermore, our results provide evidence for the coevolution of plants in mixtures leading to higher productivity of coadapted species. However, with the functional traits measured in our study, we could not fully explain the productivity benefits found upon coevolution. Our study investigated coevolution among randomly interacting plants and was able to demonstrate that coadaptation through coevolution of coexisting species in mixtures occurs and promotes ecosystem functioning (i.e., higher productivity). This result is particularly relevant for the diversification of agricultural and forest ecosystems, demonstrating the added value of artificially selecting plants for the communities they are familiar with.
Boom-bust population dynamics drive rapid genetic change
Authors: Stringer Emily J. , Gruber Bernd , Sarre Stephen D. , Wardle Glenda M. , Edwards Scott V. , Dickman Christopher R. , Greenville Aaron C. , Duncan Richard P.
Published: April 2024

Increasing environmental threats and more extreme environmental perturbations place species at risk of population declines, with associated loss of genetic diversity and evolutionary potential. While theory shows that rapid population declines can cause loss of genetic diversity, populations in some environments, like Australia’s arid zone, are repeatedly subject to major population fluctuations yet persist and appear able to maintain genetic diversity. Here, we use repeated population sampling over 13 y and genotype-by-sequencing of 1903 individuals to investigate the genetic consequences of repeated population fluctuations in two small mammals in the Australian arid zone. The sandy inland mouse (
Pseudomys hermannsburgensis
) experiences marked boom-bust population dynamics in response to the highly variable desert environment. We show that heterozygosity levels declined, and population differentiation (
F
ST
) increased, during bust periods when populations became small and isolated, but that heterozygosity was rapidly restored during episodic population booms. In contrast, the lesser hairy-footed dunnart (
Sminthopsis youngsoni
), a desert marsupial that maintains relatively stable population sizes, showed no linear declines in heterozygosity. These results reveal two contrasting ways in which genetic diversity is maintained in highly variable environments. In one species, diversity is conserved through the maintenance of stable population sizes across time. In the other species, diversity is conserved through rapid genetic mixing during population booms that restores heterozygosity lost during population busts.
Numerical investigation of water entry of hydrophobic spheres
Authors: Singh Jaspreet , Pal Anikesh
Published: April 2024

We perform numerical simulations to study the dynamics of the entry of hydrophobic spheres in a pool of water. To track the air-water interface during the translation of the sphere in the pool of water, we use the volume of fluid model. The continuum surface force method computes the surface tension force. To represent the hydrophobic surface properties, we use wall adhesion in terms of a static contact angle. We perform simulations with different diameters and impact speeds of the sphere. Our simulations capture the formation of different types of air cavities, pinch-offs of these cavities, and other finer details similar to the experiments performed at the same parameters. Finally, we compare the drag force among the different hydrophobic cases. We further perform simulations of hydrophilic spheres impacting the pool of water and compare the drag force with the analogous hydrophobic cases. We conclude that the spheres with hydrophobic surfaces encounter a lower drag than their hydrophilic counterparts. This lower drag of the hydrophobic spheres is attributed to the formation of the air cavity by the hydrophobic surfaces while translating through the pool of water, which reduces the area of the sphere in contact with water. In contrast, no such air cavity forms in the case of hydrophilic spheres.