bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a harmonized soil profile analytical database for Europe: A resource for supporting regional soil management
Authors: Kristensen Jeppe Aagaard , Balstrøm Thomas , Jones Robert J. A. , Jones Arwyn , Montanarella Luca , Panagos Panos , Breuning-Madsen Henrik
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Soil mapping is an essential method to obtain a spatial overview of soil resources that are increasingly threatened by environmental change and population pressure. Despite recent advances in digital soil mapping techniques based on inference, such methods are still immature for large-scale soil mapping. During the 1970s, 80s and 90s, soil scientists constructed a harmonized soil map of Europe (1 : 1M) based on national soil maps. Despite this extraordinary regional overview of the spatial distribution of European soil types, crude assumptions about soil properties were necessary to translate the maps into thematic maps relevant for management. To support modellers with analytical data connected to the soil map, the European Soil Bureau commissioned the development of the Soil Profile Analytical Database for Europe (SPADE) in the late 1980s. This database contains soil analytical data based on a standardized set of soil analytical methods across the European countries. Here, we review the principles adopted for developing the SPADE database during the past five decades, and the work towards fulfilling the milestones of full geographic coverage for dominant soils in all the European countries (SPADE level 1), and the addition of secondary soil types (SPADE level 2). We demonstrate the application of the database by showing the distribution of the root zone capacity, and by estimating the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to a depth of 1 m for EU-27 to 76 × 1015 g. The increased accuracy, potentially obtained by including secondary soil types (level 2), is demonstrated in a case study of estimating SOC stocks in Denmark. In the lack of systematic cross-European soil analysis schemes, integrating national soil maps and locally assessed analytical data into a harmonized database is a powerful resource to support soil resources management at regional and continental scales by providing a platform to guide sustainable soil management and food production.
The effect of coffee beans roasting on its chemical composition
Authors: Diviš Pavel , Poří­zka Jaromí­r , Kří­kala Jakub
Published: May 2019

Drinking coffee has become part of our everyday culture. Coffee cultivation is devoted to over 50 countries in the world, located between latitudes 25 degrees North and 30 degrees South. Almost all of the world's coffee production is provided by two varieties, called ‘Arabica’ and ‘Robusta’ whereas the share of Arabica is 70% of the world's coffee harvest. Green (raw) coffee can not be used to prepare coffee beverages, coffee beans must first be roasted. Roasting coffee and reaching a certain degree of coffee roasting determine its flavor and aroma characteristics. In the present study the fate of sucrose, chlorogenic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, caffeic acid, total phenolic compounds and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was studied in coffee (Brazil Cerrado Dulce, 100% Arabica) roasted in two ways (Medium roast and Full city roast). It has been found that almost all sucrose has been degraded (96 – 98%) in both roasting ways. During Medium roast 65% of chlorogenic acid contained in green coffee was degraded while during Full city roast it was 85%. During both Medium and Full city roasting, the formation of acetic acid but especially formic and lactic acid was recorded. The highest concentration of organic acids was recorded at Full City roasting at medium roasting times (3.3 mg.g-1 d.w. acetic acid, 1.79 mg.g-1 d.w. formic  acid, 0.65 mg.g-1d.w. lactic acid). The amount of phenolic substances also increased during roasting up to 16.7 mg.g-1 d.w. of gallic acid equivalent. Highest concentrations of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were measured at medium roasting times at both Medium (0.357 mg.g-1 d.w.) and French city (0.597 mg.g-1 d.w.) roasting temperatures. At the end of roasting, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural concentration in coffee were 0.237 mg.g-1 d.w. (Medium roast) and 0.095 mg.g-1 d.w. (Full city roast).
The Impact of TQM on Employee Performance Abu Sheikha Exchange Company: Case Study
Authors: Al-Sarayreh Aktham , Amal Al-Shatnawi , Rasha Al-Madhoun , Nawal Al-Faqeeh , Ayoub Mousa , Salem Al- Tarawneh , Mohammad Al-Hlool , Qais Smadi , Mai Al-Samoor , Yelena Al-Akra , Osama Sliehat , Mais Hussain , Musa Qowar
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study is to identify (TQM) implementation, and its effect on employee job performance level at Abu Sheikha Exchange Company. Typical descriptive studies are concerned with the assessment of demographic information, support senior management of the work procedures, expectations and needs and wishes of customers, expectations and needs and wishes of employees, continuous improvement, work procedures and engaging staff in decision-making.The research design is chosen for the current study is the survey research: The target population of this study which consists of all employees in Abu Sheikha Exchange Company.  Sample of (133) employees, a questionnaire is developed to measurement of variables study; TQM implementation variable (reliability coefficient 0.937), and employee job performance variable (reliability coefficient 0.71).The conclusion of the study shows that the senior management support was in Average level, but the senior management adopts a strategic plan to achieve quality in all areas of the company in high level, Customers’ needs and expectations was in High Level, and the result shows that one of the priorities of the company's employees is to satisfy the needs and desires of the customers.
The Effect of Job Analysis on Service Delivery in Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) 2005-2014
Authors: C.J Igbokwe-Ibeto,
Published: May 2019

The issue of public service delivery has been a high priority subject for organizational researchers and practitioners alike in Nigeria. However, linking human resource management practices such as job analysis that has received considerable attention in developed western countries as a useful human resource planning tool towards improving service delivery in the country is relatively new and requires scholarly attention particularly in the context of Nigerian public sector organizations. Within the framework of New Public Management (NPM) theory, the study examined the effect of job analysis on service delivery in the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) 2005-2014. The study was guided by two research questions and hypotheses. The study adopted the survey research design. The study relied on primary and secondary data, and multiple stage sampling technique was used to select the sample population.  Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Simple Regression Analyses statistical techniques were used with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to test the research hypotheses. Findings of the study show that job analysis has a significant effect on employee commitment in Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria at the 5percent levels. There is also a significant relationship between job analysis and quality of service delivery at the conventional 5percent levels. Given the pivotal role that job analysis plays in the 21st century, FAAN should adopt the conduct of job analysis as a basic human resource management tool for proper personnel utilization and improve quality of service delivery. FAAN should through job analysis, identify and develop proper employee commitment scheme, such as training and retraining, and performance review standards that could enhance service delivery. It should also make expertise available to conduct job analysis. This would assist to ensure that all critical aspects such as skills, knowledge and competencies are taken into consideration thereby eliminate the concept of garbage in garbage out.
Projeto e análise de desempenho de um algoritmo iterativo para grandes grafos em um ambiente distribuído
Authors: Nascimento João Paulo B. , Capanema Daniel De O. , Pereira Adriano C. M.
Published: May 2019

Atualmente grandes volumes de dados são gerados e coletados por meio de sensores, dispositivos e redes sociais. A capacidade de lidar com grandes massas de dados tornou-se um importante fator para o sucesso de muitas organizações, exigindo, cada vez mais, a utilização de processamento paralelo e distribuído. Para auxiliar os desenvolvedores a projetar programas distribuídos, existem várias ferramentas (frameworks), como Apache Hadoop e Spark. Esses frameworks fornecem diversos parâmetros de configuração (por exemplo, o Hadoop tem mais de 200) e atribuir valores otimizados a todos eles não é uma tarefa simples. Este trabalho investiga a influência desses parâmetros no desempenho do Apache Hadoop, utilizando o algoritmo HEDA, um algoritmo iterativo que calcula métricas de centralidade em grandes grafos. A execução do HEDA em uma rede complexa é extremamente importante, pois existem várias medidas de centralidade que determinam a importância de um vértice dentro do grafo. Observou-se que, em alguns casos, a melhoria no tempo de execução atingiu aproximadamente 80% aplicando os valores propostos por este trabalho aos parâmetros de configuração do Hadoop. Além disso, foi possível aumentar em cinco vezes o uso dos processadores e melhorar consideravelmente a escalabilidade. O trabalho também apresenta os métodos aplicados para preparar, executar e analisar os experimentos, o que poderá auxiliar em novos estudos.
Usabilidade do sistema de gestão de finanças públicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Schuch da Silva Mateus , Bagatini Daniela D. S. , Frozza Rejane
Published: May 2019

Em muitos casos o que compromete a vida de um software não é um problema de funcionalidade, mas as dificuldades de usabilidade. Todo projeto de software que tenha o compromisso de apoiar seus usuários, deveria preocupar-se com a experiência positiva dos mesmos para lidar de forma satisfatória e produtiva com os sistemas computacionais. Tendo como orientação a área de Interação Homem-Computador com ênfase em Usabilidade de Sistemas, o presente trabalho aborda métodos e processos para a avaliação de usabilidade e, com base neles, tem como objetivo apresentar requisitos identificados como sugestões de melhoria da usabilidade para melhorar a interação do Sistema de Gestão de Finanças Públicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FPE) com seus usuários. Tais requisitos foram apontados pelos próprios usuários que participaram de sessões de avaliação heurística e de testes de usabilidade. Os resultados obtidos indicaram contribuições e evidenciaram a importância da avaliação de usabilidade em projetos de sistemas.
Digital Scales of Web-Based Partograph in Detecting the Early Postpartum Bleeding
Authors: Wahyuni Sry , Ahmad Mardiana , Syarif Syafruddin , Mappaware Nasrudin A. , Prihantono Prihantono , Bahar Burhanuddin
Published: May 2019

INTRODUCTION: A simple graph partograph serves to record the information of the inpartu mothers during their 1st active phase of labor, to detect complications, to make an appropriate action in decision making, to prevent prolonged labor, postpartum hemorrhage, and sepsis. The aimof this research was to compare the use of digital scales of web-based partograph and the conventional partograph in detecting the early estimation of postpartum bleeding at the stage III and IV.

MATERIALS & METHODS: The study used the Quasi-Experiment method.Thirty women in labor were chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The web digital scale and the conventional digital scale were used to weigh the underpad of the postpartum at the stage III and IV. The Independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test were employed to analyze the data.

RESULTS: The results of the study indicated that the digital scale of the WEB-based partograph was more rapid in estimating the postpartum hemorrhage at the stage III and IV comparing to the digital scale of conventional partograph. The statistical test of Mann-Whitney revealed the p-value > 0.05, which means that there was a difference in the speed but in case of the accuracy aspect of p-value > 0.05, it means that there was no difference. In case of the estimation of the blood amount at stage III and IV, the test value of the Independent T-test revealed the p-value of > 0.05, which means that there was no difference in the estimation of the postpartum hemorrhage.

CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the digital scale of web-based partograph was faster in estimating postpartum hemorrhage at period III and IV comparing to the digital scales of conventional partograph and there were no differences in its accurateness and number of postpartum hemorrhage at the stage III and IV.
Impact of Microcredit on Rural Poverty Alleviation in the Context of Bangladesh
Authors: Pomi Shakina Sultana
Published: May 2019

Microcredit and poverty alleviation have become the two sides of a coin as the role of microcredit on poverty alleviation is well accepted in the arena of economic development. This study is an attempt to analyse the impact of microcredit on poverty alleviation in the rural areas namely Hathazari, Mirsharai and Sitakunda upazilla (sub-units of district ) of Chittagong district, Bangladesh. A cross sectional survey was conducted on the rural part of these three upazillas. Data have been collected through a well-structured questionnaire from 100 microcredit-recipients/borrowers of Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) and Association for Social Advancement (ASA) - two giant microcredit providers in Bangladesh and from 50 non-borrowers of the study areas. Respondents were selected randomly. Tabular method was used to describe the data. Hypothetically, the outcomes were found significant resulted from chi-square test (X ² -test) and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) without an exception for clothing expenditure. The study revealed that microcredit disbursed through BRAC and ASA, plays a dynamic role to reduce poverty in the study areas by income generating activities of the poor women borrowers and by improving their living standard. It is found from the study that microcredit has  positive impact on income, expenditure, condition of dwelling house, education, health and decision making ability of the poor women borrowers who spent at least five years in BRAC and ASA comparing to the non-borrowers.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 8, No. 3
Authors: Smith Wendy
Published: May 2019

International Journal of Statistics and Probability wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.

Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Statistics and Probability publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.

Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 3

Abdullah A. Smadi, Yarmouk University, Jordan

Carla J. Thompson, University of West Florida, USA

Carolyn Huston, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Australia

Faisal Khamis, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Canada

Felix Almendra-Arao, UPIITA del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México

Gane Samb Lo, University Gaston Berger, SENEGAL

Gennaro Punzo, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy

Gerardo Febres, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Venezuela

Jacek Białek, University of Lodz, Poland

Kassim S. Mwitondi, Sheffield Hallam University, UK

Krishna K. Saha, Central Connecticut State University, USA

Man Fung LO, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Marcelo Bourguignon, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil

Mingao Yuan, North Dakota State University, USA

Mohieddine Rahmouni, University of Tunis, Tunisia

Nahid Sanjari Farsipour, Alzahra University, Iran

Noha Youssef, American University in Cairo, Egypt

Pablo José Moya Fernández, Universidad de Granada, Spain

Philip Westgate, University of Kentucky, USA

Shatrunjai Pratap Singh, John Hancock Financial Services, USA

Sohair F. Higazi, University of Tanta, Egypt

Vilda Purutcuoglu, Middle East Technical University (METU), Turkey

Vyacheslav Abramov, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia

Wei Zhang, The George Washington University, USA

Zaixing Li, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), China

 

Wendy Smith

On behalf of,

The Editorial Board of International Journal of Statistics and Probability

Canadian Center of Science and Education
Characteristics of Entisol Treated With Pulp Residue and Fertilizer in Eucalyptus Plantation
Authors: Lima Elizeu de Souza , Souza Zigomar Menezes de SouzaZigomar Menezes de , Montanari Rafael , Panosso Alan Rodrigo , Oliveira Ingrid Nehmi de , Lovera Lenon Henrique , Esteban Diego Alexander Aguilera , Oliveira Christtiane Fernandes
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify, through multivariate analyzes, the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil that best explain the initial development of eucalyptus treated with limestone and lime sludge. This study was conducted in 2014 in the municipality of Três Lagoas (MS). Three treatments were experimented corresponding to the applications of (i) limestone, (ii) lime sludge, and (iii) control or application of neither limestone nor lime sludge. The principal components analysis identified that Group 1 assembling gravimetric moisture, hydrogen potential, calcium and aluminum and, Group 2 composed of contents of sand, clay, phosphorus and organic matter explained 54.96% of the total variability that showed higher discriminatory power of eucalyptus height and diameter variation at breast height. The treatment with limestone showed a contrast between high pH and high Ca content, but low levels of aluminum.
Effect of Different Breeding Densities and Inclusion of Soybean Oil on Performance, Carcass Trait and Heat Loss in Meat Quails
Authors: Lima L. R. De , Barbosa Filho J. A. D. , Freitas E. R. , Souza D. H. , Viana V. S. S. , Machado N. A. F. , Nepomuceno R. C.
Published: May 2019

Quails are homeothermic animals, in countries with a tropical climate, such as Brazil, birds face great difficulties in controlling body temperature inside the sheds. Several practices are being studied in order to keep these animals within the thermal comfort zone, and thus, to minimize the effects of thermal stress, partial substitution of carbohydrates by oils and changes in density are some of them. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different breeding densities and inclusion levels of soybean oil in performance, carcass characteristics and heat loss in quail. 450 quails, seven days old, distributed in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme, two densities (215.6 cm2 bird-1 and 188.6 cm2 bird-1) and three inclusion levels of soybean oil (0, 2, 4%) were used, totaling six treatments with five replicates each. The heat loss by radiation was estimated with the aid of infrared thermography. The results showed that there was an effect of the density on feed consumption, which was lower for birds raised in the density of 188.6 cm2 bird-1 (783.78 g of feed), but without its effect on weight gain and food conversion. No effect of inclusion levels of soybean oil was observed on any performance variables. There was no statistical difference (P > 0.05) between treatments for any variables of carcass yield and parts, and heat loss by radiation analyzed. Therefore, it is concluded that soybean oil inclusion levels do not affect the performance and yield of quails, nor do they influence the loss of heat throughout the life cycle of these animals. The birds raised in the density of 188.6 cm2 bird-1 obtained the lowest average dietary intake, with no impact on weight gain and feed conversion, allowing the creation of a greater number of birds per box.
Floral Biology and in vitro Germination of Nasturtium Pollen Grains Grown With Poultry Litter
Authors: Zanetti G. T. , Davide L. M. C. , Vieira M. do C. , Zárate N. A. H. , Alovisi A. M. T. , Silva O. B. da , Carnevali T. de O.
Published: May 2019

The plant Tropaeolum majus, popularly known as nasturtium, presents food, ornamental and medicinal importance. Studies on floral and carpometric characteristics generate basic knowledge for areas of science such as botany, genetics and plant breeding. This work has the objectives of analyzing the effect of combinations of doses of poultry litter on floral structures and the in vitro germination of T. majus pollen grains. From the experimental matrix Plan Puebla III were defined 9 combinations of poultry litter doses incorporated and covered. The design of the experiments was entirely random, varying the replicates number. The number of stamens, petals, sepals and carpels was verified per floral bud in each treatment. The in vitro germination rate of pollen grains was estimated in 5 culture media and 2 germination times, from flower buds randomly collected in the experiment. The overall mean of stamens, sepals, petals and carpels per floral bud was 8.23; 5; 5 and 3, respectively. The combinations of poultry litter doses influenced only the number of stamens. The in vitro germination rate of T. majus pollen grains varied in the culture media. There was no association between the combinations of poultry litter doses and the in vitro germination rate of pollen grains.
Propagation and Vegetative Development of Portulaca oleracea Linn. in Different Substrates
Authors: Chagas Jaíza F. R. , Paz Sheila A. da , Ventura Matheus V. A. , Costa Estevam M. , Mortate Roberto K. , Nunes Bruno de M. , Lima Alessandra P. A. , Vilarinho Muriel S. , Nomura Mirian , Bessa Márcio M. , Oliveira Manoel H. R. de , Santana Alex J. de O.
Published: May 2019

UFP’s are unconventional food plants, which can be included in food and feed, but underutilized because they are few known and/or researched. Portulaca oleracea Linn, known as a wigworm, is considered a weed due to its easy spread in different places, has potential to be included in the diet of people, so that they can take advantage of its medicinal, nutritional and landscape benefits. In view of the above, the objective of this research was to evaluate the vegetative development of the bollworm cultivated in different substrates to obtain a better production of green mass besides adding higher medicinal and/or nutritional contents. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 6 treatments: 1-Barranco soil (Witness), 2-Soil + Bovine manure, 3-Soil + Commercial substrate, 4-Soil + Charred rice straw, 5-Soil + Bovine manure + Charred rice straw, 6-Soil + Bovine manure + Commercial substrate and 5 replicates. The seed germination rate was evaluated at five, ten and 15 days after sowing (DAS). At 70 DAS the total fresh mass of the plants and total dry mass in grams, plant height, main root length and number of leaves were evaluated. The substrate composed of ravine soil + bovine manure + charcoal rice straw provided the best indices of development of the bollworm plant. The combination of three components for the formation of a substrate favored fresh and dry biomass.
Maintenance of the Economic Performance of Eucalyptus in Competition With Weeds
Authors: Pereira Kaléo D. , Rocha Jonas E. C. , Noronha Norberto C. , Viana Rafael G. , Araújo Dênmora G. , Nunes Suany C. T. , Gama Marcos A. P.
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of the hybrid clone Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla submitted to competition with weeds and determine the period prior to economic loss (PPEL). The experiment was carried out in Ulianópolis, Pará State, Brazil, and consisted of the treatments continuous control and no control of weeds. Weed management was carried out by integrating both mechanical and chemical control. Stem base diameter, height, canopy diameter of eucalyptus plants were measured on the 16th month after planting. Wood volume was estimated by means of a volumetric equation. The treatments continuous control and no control of weeds were compared using the Hotelling’s T2 test and the parameters for PPEL calculation were defined from volume estimation. The treatment continuous control promoted significant gains in eucalyptus growth. PPEL tended to be reduced by 3.8287 and 0.2393 units with the increase of a unit in the price of wood and the increase of planting yield, respectively. For different eucalyptus wood prices, the calculated PPEL ranged from 40 to 161 days of coexistence with weeds.
Multivariate Analysis in Corn Cultivars Productivity Submitted to Fertilizations and Row Spacing
Authors: Alves Anailson de Sousa , Peixoto Tayd Dayvison Custódio , Silva Suedêmio de Lima , Silveira Paulo Roberto de Souza , Pereira Joaquim Odilon , Pereira Francisco Aécio de Lima
Published: May 2019

The corn crop is important in various contexts of Brazilian agricultural production, both with respect to economic and social factors. The objective was to verify, through multivariate methods, the productive performance of two corn cultivars as a function of three types of fertilizations and two row spacing, identifying the correlation between the variables and the grouping between the evaluated treatments. The experiment was carried out at Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes, Mossoró, Brazil. It was adopted a randomized block design at 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with four replications, the treatments consisted of three fertilizations (OF: Organic Fertilization; OMF: Organomineral Fertilization and MF: Mineral Fertilization), two cultivars of corn (Bras 3010 and Potiguar) and two row spacing (80 cm and 50 cm). The highest productivity was found with the use of organic fertilization, in the cultivar Potiguar, in the row spacing of 80 cm. The final population, productivity and the mass of 1000 grains were the components that had the most effect in the evaluation of the data set. Each evaluated cultivar responded differently to the fertilizations and spacing evaluated. The agreement between the results of the cluster analysis and the main component analysis with the analysis of variance shows the adequacy of the multivariate statistical techniques used in this research.
DENTISTRY AS A PROFESSION IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW FOR PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS
Authors: Walia Tarun , Mathur Vijay Prakash , Dhiillon Jatinder Kaur , Kalra Gauri , Kathuria Vartika
Published: May 2019

India provides high and quality dental education to prospective students pursing dentistry as a profession. Highly trained and experienced teachers coupled with lower fees and great patient exposure makes India an attractive and promising hub for budding dentists. There are numerous options available for Indian and internationally trained dentists to pursue higher qualification in his chosen field of specialization. It is highly recommended that the international candidates aspiring for various courses in dentistry in India should verify the course content and must ensure its recognition from the governing body i.e. Dental Council of India.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using supercritical water
Authors: B Buyankhishig , B Narandalai , S Enkhtuul
Published: May 2019

Supercritical water (SCW) technology is a relatively novel and green method compared with others for the synthesize of metal nanoparticles. It is considered one of the most suitable methods for loading nanoparticles in surface of porous materials due to the water in supercritical conditions has a high diffusivity, well dispersive and it has a same carrier characteristic as like a gas. Silver nanoparticles and silver loaded activated carbons were synthesized using silver acetate solution under supercritical water condition at 4000C and 31.15 MPa in a batch reactor. This study was investigated effect of operational parameters on the particle size of silver nanoparticles in particularly the concen-tration of silver salt solution and the reaction time. The experiments were carried out to test the silver salt concentra-tion at 0.01 M, 0.02 M, 0.05M, and the reaction time of 15 and 30 minutes. When the silver acetate concentration and reaction time increased agglomerations of silver particles were observed on the surface of activated carbons. The structure, morphology and particle size of synthesized products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scan-ning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Суперкртитик усан орчинд мөнгөний нанопартиклыг гарган авах

Хураангуй: Суперкритик усны арга нь металлын нанопартикл гарган авах бусад аргуудтай харьцуулахад харьцангуй шинэ арга юм. Суперкритик нөхцөл дахь ус нь диффузийн коэффициент өндөртэй, тархалт сайтай, хийтэй адил зөөж тээвэрлэх шинж чанар үзүүлдэг тул сүвэрхэг материал дээр нанопартикл үүсгэхэд тохиромжтой аргуудын нэг гэж үздэг. Мөнгөний нанопартикл болон идэвхжүүлсэн нүүрсэн дээр суулгасан мөнгөний нанопартиклыг суперкритик усны аргаар мөнгөний давсны усан уусмал хэрэглэн гарган авсан. Мөнгөний нанопартиклыг гарган авахад нөлөөлөх гол хүчин зүйлүүдэд хамаарах мөнгөний давсны уусмалын концентрац болон урвал явагдах хугацааны нөлөөг судалсан бөгөөд концентрацыг 0.01 М, 0.02 М ба 0.05 М, харин урвал явагдах хугацааг 15 ба 30 минут гэсэн нөхцөлүүдэд туршилтыг явуулсан. Урвал явагдах хугацаа болон мөнгөний давсны уусмалын концентрац ихсэхэд үүссэн мөнгөний жижиг хэсгүүдийн бөөгнөрөл илүү нэмэгдэж байсан. Гарган авсан материалуудын талст бүтэц, түүний хэмжээ болон морфологийн шинж чанарыг рентген дифрактометр (XRD), сканнинг электрон микроскоп (SEM) болон нэвтрүүлэлтийн электрон микроскоп (TEM) ашиглан тодорхойлсон.

Түлхүүр үг: Суперкритик ус, мөнгөний нанопартикл, урвал явагдах хугацаа, уусмалын концентрац.
Alkaloids from some Mongolian medicinal plants
Authors: D Selenge , Ya Jamyansan , S Javzan , M Delegmaa , M Dumaa , Ya Gerelt-Od , A Solongo , E Nyamsuren , B Mungunshagai
Published: May 2019

The detailed phytochemical study of Mongolian medicinal plants started in 1973, when a Department for a study of physiologically active substances chemistry was established in the Institute of Chemistry, Mongolian Academy of Sciences. We had studied alkaloids of 30 medicinal plant species grown in Mongolia for the first time. According to the study, 320 alkaloids had been isolated and their molecular structures were identified. Among them, 34 alkaloids had been established as natural new com-pounds and all results of the investigation were published in peer-reviewed international journals. Some biological activities of total alkaloids and certain individual compounds had been studied. In accordance with phytochemical and biological activity studies, several products, the cattle weight gain preparation “Targa”, the preparation for the uterus smooth muscles contraction “Alkum”, the anti-diabetic preparation “Dentamon-10”, the expectorant “Stelleriaphytin”, the liver protective and immune-active preparation “Barbadin”, had been obtained on the basis of collaborative work and the products had been introduced in the market.

Монгол орны зарим эмийн ургамлын алкалоидын судалгаа

Хураангуй: 1973 онд Химийн хүрээлэнд Ургамлын физиологийн идэвхт нэгдлийн химийн тасаг байгуулагдсанаар Монгол орны эмийн ургамлын фитохимийн нарийвчилсан судалгаа хийгдэж эхэлсэн. Бид Монгол орны алкалоидот 30 зүйл эмийн ургамлын алкалоидын судалгааг анх удаа гүйцэтгэн 320 алкалоидыг ялгаж таньж тодорхойлсны дотор өмнө нь байгалаас ялгагдаж байгаагүй 34 шинэ алкалоидыг нээн илрүүлж бүтэц байгуулалтыг тогтоон олон улсын мэрэгжлийн сэтгүүлд хэвлүүлэн үр дүнг баталгаажуулсан. Бид гарган авсан нийлбэр алкалоид ба зарим цэвэр алкалоидуудын биологийн идэвхийг тодорхойлуулсны үр дүнд хамтын бүтээл болох алкалоидод суурилсан малын амьдын жин нэмэгдүүлэгч “Тарга”, савны гилгэр булчин агшаагч “Алькум” бэлдмэлүүд мал эмнэлгийн практикт; Чихрийн шижингийн эсрэг идэвхтэй “Дентамон-10”, цэр ховхлох үйлдэл бүхий “Стеллериафитин”, элэг хамгаалах, дархлаа дэмжигч “Барбадин” бэлдмэлүүд хүн эмнэлгийн практикт тус тус нэвтрэх боломж бүрдсэн.

Түлхүүр үгс: хинолизидины алкалоид, изохинолины алкалоид, тропаны алкалоид, стероид алкалоид
Polysaccharides study of three mushrooms growing in Mongolia
Authors: Sh Naranmandakh , Golovchenko V V , Patova О А , T Degiimaa , Sh Soninkhuu
Published: May 2019

This study was aimed to analyze of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), Laetipo-rus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) and Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) medicinal mushrooms, growing in Mongolia. As a result of “step by step” extraction method we have obtained 4 fractions of polysaccharide (water-soluble: HWE50 and HWE100; cold alkali-soluble CA; hot alkali-soluble HA) form the each mushroom sample. Polysaccharide fraction’s yields extracted by hot water from Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) and Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) were 3.68%, 8.82% and 12.84%. Yields of alkali-soluble polysaccharides were 18.64%, 68.03% and 28.75%, respectively, which results more than water fractions. The main monosaccharide composition in all polysaccharide fractions were glucose, and a content of glucose was varied 30%-100%. Therefore, they can be considered glucans. Water-soluble polysaccharide fractions contain fucose (until 12%), man-nose (until 18%) and galactose (until 30%). An average molecular mass of water-soluble polysaccharides were calculated Mw 100–150kDa or it can be considered a low, while an average molecular mass of alkali-soluble polysaccharides was a bit high 300–750кDа. All polysaccharides were heterogenic.

Монгол орны гурван зүйл мөөгний полисахаридын судалгааны дүн

Хураангуй: Монгол оронд ургадаг агил мөөг Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), туруудай мөөг Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) ба чага мөөг Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) гэсэн гурван зүйлийн эмийн мөөгний полисахаридын найрлагыг судлав. Мөөгийг шат дараалан хандлах аргаар мөөг тус бүрээс 4 төрлийн полисахарид (усанд хандлагддаг: HWE50 ба HWE100; хүйтэн шүлтэнд хандлагддаг CA; халуун шүлтэнд хандлагддаг HA)-ыг ялган авав. Усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридуудын гарц агил Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), туруудай Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) ба чага Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) мөөг бүрт тус тус 3.68%, 8.82% ба 12.84% байв. Харин шүлтэнд хандлагддаг полисахаридын гарц нь усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридтай харьцуулахад их буюу тус тус 18.64%, 68.03% ба 28.75% байв. Бүх полисахаридын хувьд үндсэн мономер нь глюкоз ба түүний агууламж 30%-100%-д хүрч байв. Иймд тэдгээр нь глюкан полисахаридууд болно. Мөн усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридуудын найрлаганд фукоз (12% хүртэл), манноз (18% хүртэл) галактоз (30% хүртэл) агуулагдаж байв. Усаар хандлагддаг глюканууд нь бага дундаж молекул масстай (Mw 100–150кДа) байсан бол натрийн гидроксидоор хандлагддаг глюкануудын молекул масс 300–750кДа харьцангуй их байв. Бүх глюкан нь гетероген чанартай байна. ЦСР-ын аргын дүнд ялган авсан полисахаридууд ойролцоо бүтэцтэй салбарласан хэлхээтэй [бета]- глюканууд болох нь батлагдав.

Түлхүүр үгс: агил, туруудай, чага, полисахаридын бүтэц, дундаж молекулын масс
Cooperation perspectives on education sector of Mongolia-Russia
Authors: A Nyamdoljin
Published: May 2019

The author, based on practical experience in the implementation of bilateral cooperation between Mongolia and the Russian Federation in the field of education, reveals the main directions of this cooperation and analyzes its key features. The current regulatory and legal framework for Mongolian-Russian cooperation in the field of education is analyzed separately. The article provides a statistical analysis of the number of students studying in Russian universities, the number of programs, the budget quota allocated for training Mongolian students in Russian universities. And the number of Mongolian students studying various forms of training in Russian educational institutions should increase.
Precondition and possibilities for establishing cross border free zone between Mongolia-China
Authors: N Otgonsaikhan
Published: May 2019

As for Mongolia, which is a landlocked and has vast land, establishment of free-trade and economic zone by extending border points with neighboring countries can be a main solution to keep border security, to promote regional development, to develop infrastructure of transportation and to expand trades. Recently, special focus on establishing cross-border free zone between Mongolia and China has been made and several negotiations in this field have been held by 2 countries’ governments. Therefore, the paper work aims to study pre-conditions and possibilities for establishing cross-border free zone between Mongolia and China. This thesis consists of following main 4 parts: 1) negotiations for cross-border free zone between Mongolia and China, 2) Cross-border free zone and Mongolian current situation, 3) Mongolia-China bilateral trade, 4) The possibility of establishing a cross-border free trade zone with China.
Issues on trade and economic cooperation of Mongolia-China
Authors: Wuyun Oyun
Published: May 2019

Upon the proposal “One Belt and One Road” brought up by China, Mongolia also proposed the “Development Road” conception, and both sides are speeding up the pace of docking through jointing efforts. The situation has brought a new high point in Sino-Mongolia economic and trade cooperation. The import and export trade volume and investment between China and Mongolia have revealed a growing trend since 2014, the trade volumes between China and Mongolia account for over 60% in total foreign trade of Mongolia. Besides, the investment method and scope in both sides have been expanding and deepening in all fields. However, there is still a long way in the Sino-Mongolia economic and trade cooperation. Through the policies of the “One belt and One road” and the “Development Road”, there will be more opportunities would push bilateral economic and trade cooperation to a new record.
Development of Parasitemia and anemia caused by T. Orientalis infection in experimental calves
Authors: Ts Alimaa , M Zolzaya , Nakamura Yoshio
Published: May 2019

In the present study, we have studied development of parasitemia and anemia which caused by T. orientalis infection in experimental calves using different kind of laboratory tests such us blood smear test, blood cell examination test  and conventional PCR. The blood smear test is still one of easiest, effective diagnostic methods. According to our results the sensitivity of this test was as same as PCR.
Effects of concentrated feed enriched with zeolite and glycerin on productivity of beef cattle
Authors: A Erdenechimeg , A Otgonjargal , N Togtokhbayar
Published: May 2019

Sixteen native breeds of cattle (n=16) were selected as experimental animal and divided into two control and two experimental group.  The cattle for this study were two months old native breeds that all castrated males with average live weight 270±5 kg. During the experimental period cattle in first control group were grazed on open pasture, while second control group were kept in door and fed by well-balanced concentrated feed for beef cattle. However first experimental group were fed by feed ration enriched with 2% of native zeolite, whereas second experimental group was provided by ration with 2% of zeolite and 6% of glycerin. All of these cattle in two different groups were fed for 52 days in total, which divided into preparation and experimental periods of 7 and 45 days. Daily body weight of cattle in first control group was declined by 15 kg (357.5g) while it was increased by 22.25 kg (530g) in second control, 30.04 kg (714.5 g) in first experimental and 24.75 kg (589.3 g) in second experimental groups (p<0.001).
peculiarities of Sea-buckthorn propagation with green cuttings
Authors: V. L Bopp
Published: May 2019

No abstract in English
Gendered Triple Standard and Biomedical Management of Perinatal and Maternal Opioid Use Disorder in the United States
Authors: Fiddian-Green Alice
Published: May 2019

Despite trends towards treatment versus punitive-based approaches to addressing opioid use disorders (OUD) in the United States, pregnant and parenting women with OUD remain highly stigmatized, their maternal fitness routinely contested. Biomedical conceptions of OUD as a chronic, relapsing condition often run counter to the abstinence-based models enforced across the myriad institutions that manage OUD, particularly for women whose maternal status is contingent on treatment enrollment and adherence. Exposure to trauma is considered to be nearly universal among women with OUD; biomedical classifications of trauma primarily center on the interpersonal (i.e., adverse childhood [ACEs] and lifetime experiences). This work responds to a call to ‘gender addiction’ (Campbell and Ettorre 2011) and examine the ‘epistemologies of ignorance’ (Tuana 2006) around notions of ‘risk’ by advocating for a broadened definition of trauma that incorporates the institutional violence imbedded into policies and procedures specific to the biomedical management of OUD. Drawing from an 18-month ethnographic investigation of pregnant and parenting women with OUD living in the Northeastern United States., this article argues that the intertwined institutions (e.g. medical, legal, and social services) that manage OUD according to biomedical dictates enact a converging constellation of violence on women; this in turn becomes a form of embodied trauma, directly influencing perinatal and maternal opioid use trajectories. Key findings include: (1) civil commitment to treatment as a form of direct bodily violence, (2) loss of maternal status as visceral violence, and (3) institutional erasures (i.e., intergenerational family separation) as symbolic violence.
A experiência estética na cobertura do Jornal Nacional à tragédia da Chapecoense: aferições sobre a performance dos apresentadores do telejornal
Authors: Negrini Michele
Published: May 2019

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a inscrição da experiência estética através da performance dos apresentadores do Jornal Nacional na cobertura da tragédia com o time da Chapecoense. Vamos observar a forma como as performances dos apresentadores podem interferir nas relações dos espectadores com o telejornal e na possibilidade de experiências. Vamos tomar como objeto de análise a edição do Jornal Nacional de 29 de novembro de 2016, dia da tragédia.
O gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde no contexto da saúde ambiental
Authors: Luiz Dayane Clock , Novais de Oliveira Therezinha Maria
Published: May 2019

A gestão segura e sustentável dos resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde (RSSS) é um imperativo de saúde pública. A gestão inadequada dos RSSS constitui um risco significativo para os pacientes, trabalhadores da saúde, da comunidade e do meio ambiente. Este é um estudo que objetivou realizar um levantamento bibliográfico a respeito dos resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde (RSSS) e a saúde ambiental. Realizou-se um levantamento nas bases de dados eletrônicas SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME, BVS e portal de periódicos CAPES. Este artigo realiza uma revisão de literatura abordando os aspectos históricos, conceituais, institucionais e legais dos RSSS, enfocando a problemática do gerenciamento inadequado e a importância do gerenciamento dos RSSS na ótica da saúde ambiental. A complexidade do gerenciamento dos RSSS exige uma análise inter e transdisciplinar e o conhecimento sobre variáveis relacionadas com diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Diante dos resultados encontrados até agora, é fundamental o comprometimento dos atores envolvidos no processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos apoiando-se na vontade política dos governantes, na disponibilidade de recursos humanos e econômicos, são fatores necessários para uma gestão eficaz, a qual permitirá a comunidade uma melhoria em diversos setores primordiais, entre eles: saúde pública e saúde ambiental.
The brain, unconsciousness and death: a critical appraisal with regard to halal meat production
Authors: Fuseini A
Published: May 2019

Muslims derive their dietary laws from the Quran (Islamic Holy Book) and other Islamic scriptures. These religious scriptures prohibit them from consuming meat from animals that die before they are bled-out. Some Muslim authorities have interpreted this to mean that, in addition to the animal being alive, it must also be conscious prior to neck-cutting. This has led to a section of the Muslim community rejecting pre-slaughter stunning for halal meat production with the belief that all forms of stunning lead to instantaneous death. It must be noted that some jurists have debunked claims that animals must be conscious before they are bled-out because it does not appear to be mentioned anywhere in the scriptures. This paper reviews literature on the role of the brain in the control of conscious perception and death and considers the different scholarly definitions of death and how they impact the interpretation of halal slaughter rules and the impact on animal welfare.
INVESTICIJE KAO FUNKCIJA VISINE I RASPODJELE NACIONALNOG DOHOTKA I KAO FUNKCIJA INOSTRANOG KAPITALA U GLOBALNIM OKOLNOSTIMA
Authors: Šušić Ilija
Published: May 2019

Inostrani kapital ima pozitivno djelovanje na pokretanje kompleksnog procesaekonomskog razvoja, pogotovo u početnim fazama razvojnog procesa. Međutim, ukasnijim fazama razvoja potrebno je značajno djelovanje domaćeg kapitala. Straniinvestitori imaju svoje ciljeve investiranja, koji ograničavaju djelovanje ovog kapitalana ekonomski razvoj. S obzirom na tu činjenicu, inostrani kapital može na pokretanjeprocesa ekonomskog razvoja djelovati samo inicijalno. Da bi se postigao kontinuiranrazvoj i stabilan ekonomski rast bez oscilacija, potrebno je značajno djelovanjedomaćih faktora, posebno u kasnijim fazama procesa ekonomskog razvoja. Međutim,sa limitiranim mogućnostima investiranja u skoro svim zemljama u razvoju, bezdodatnog priliva kapitala iz inostranstva, gotovo je nemoguće u savremenimglobalnim okolnostima očekivati značajniju stopu ekonomskog rasta i time povezanogekonomskog razvoja. Ovim zemljama je potreban takav ekonomski razvoj, koji će ihrazvrstati iz grupe nerazvijenih i zemalja u razvoju te ih svrstati u grupu razvijenihzemalja svijeta. To je ujedno i osnovni cilj svih zemalja u razvoju. Razvijene zemljesvijeta sa dovoljnim stepenom akumulacije za izvoz kapitala će, vođene željom za jošvećim povećanjem akumulacije i daljnjeg razvijanja, uvijek će biti voljne plasiratikapital izvan zemlje. U savremenim globalnim okolnostima nerazvijene zemlje uvelikoj mjeri su zavisne od razvijenih zemalja svijeta. Prije svega, ta zavisnost jeizražena u pogledu izvora finansiranja investicione aktivnosti u razvojnim pravcimazemlje.
EFEKTI SDI U EVROPSKIM TRANZICIONIM ZEMLJAMA
Authors: Ivić Mladen , Mitić Branislav
Published: May 2019

Tranzicione zemlje i zemlje u razvoju zbog zaduženosti i nepovoljnog privrednogstanja pokazuju interes za priliv stranih investicija. Pomenute zemlje negativneekonomske tendencije mogu prevazići samo međunarodnim kretanjem kapitala.Razvijene zemlje suočene sa finansijskom krizom su, takođe, zainteresovane za većipriliv stranog kapitala, gde strane investicije postaju najvažniji element razvojnihstrategija. Strane investicije predstavljaju ključni razvojni faktor u savremenojprivredi, uz trgovinu, najznačajnije sredstvo poslovanja preduzeća, organizovanjaproizvodnje, snabdevanje robama i uslugama u svetskim razmerama. Kompanije uglobalnim razmerama organizuju proizvodnju pomoću stranih ulaganja, odnosnodirektnih investicija. Na taj način obezbeđuju efikasno snabdevanje sirovinama,energijom, radnom snagom, potom plasiraju proizvode i usluge na najvažnija tržišta.Na osnovu takvog poslovanja, kompanije mogu na optimalan način iskoristiti svojeprednosti u tehnologiji, znanju i ekonomiji obima.