bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Injection Timing on the Dual Fuel Engine Performance Operated with Hydrogen and Nano-Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Muralidhara Doddadasenahalli Munivenkaeshappa  , Udaya Ravi Mannar  , Nagaraj Ramalingayya Banapurmath  , Chandram Prabhakar Reddy  , Sushrut S. Halewadimath  , Ashok Mahantappa Sajjan  , Praveen Adappa Harari  , Chandramouli Vadlamudi  , Sanjay Krishnappa
Published: February 2024

In the current work, effect of nano-biodiesel blends and injection timing on the performance of hydrogen fueled dual fuel (DF) engine is presented. Hydrogen flow rate is maintained constant with a flow rate of 0.15 kg/h. For this B20 and nano-blends of Nigella sativa oil methyl ester (NLSTVAOME) and Jack fruit seed oil methyl ester (JKFSOME) fuel combinations are used. Nano-blends of respective B20 biodiesels are prepared using graphene amine (GA) nanoparticles with varied proportions ranging from 60 to 100 ppm using probe sonication method. Stabilization of the nano-blends are ensured with reference to quantity of nanoparticle, surfactant SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) used and sonication time. Addition of the nanoparticles in the B20 biodiesel blends till 80 ppm showed considerable improvements on the performance of diesel engine with single fuel operation due to improved combustion compared to B20 biodiesel blends. Beyond 80 ppm the performance deteriorated due to non-homogeneous mixtures of nano-biodiesel blends. Injection timing (IT) for the modified DF engine IT is varied from 19 to 31oBTDC in steps of 4oBTDC. Further advancing the IT from 19 to 27oBTDC showed improved dual fuel engine performance with B20+GA80 blends of both biodiesels along with hydrogen induction when compared to B20 operation. Further mixing of air-hydrogen in the inlet manifold of dual fuel engine is studied using CFD analysis for varied hydrogen flow rates ranging from 0.10 to 0.2 kg/h in steps of 0.05 kg/h.
Evaluasi dan Perbaikan Proses Pengiriman dan Pengantaran Pos untuk Mengurangi Tingkat Keluhan Pelanggan PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kcu Surabaya 60000
Authors: Teguh Satria Septi , Kirono Indro
Published: February 2024

Evaluation and Improvement of the Postal Delivery Process to Reduce the Level of Customer Complaints PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kcu Surabaya 60000. This study aims to evaluate and improve the POS delivery and delivery process to reduce the level of customer complaints. A high level of customer complaints can be an indicator of problems in the POS delivery process that can interfere with customer satisfaction and company reputation. Once the problems are identified, improvement measures are proposed and implemented. These improvement measures involve increased coordination between relevant departments, improved training and supervision of employees involved in the POS shipping and delivery process, as well as more effective and efficient use of technology and optimized supply chain management. The results of this study show that by implementing the proposed improvement measures, the level of customer complaints can be significantly reduced. Customers experience increased satisfaction with the POS shipping and delivery process, which in turn can have a positive impact on the company's reputation. This research makes an important contribution in improving the POS shipping and delivery process to reduce the level of customer complaints. The practical implication of this research is that companies can implement the proposed improvement measures to enhance their service quality and strengthen customer relationships. In addition, this study also provides direction for further research in the field of operations management and service delivery.
The Influence Of Facilities and Infrastructure, The Leadership Of The School Principal's Work Discipline On Teacher Performance
Authors: Norawati Suarni , Adri Adri , Basem Zamhir
Published: February 2024

The quality of education is very dependent on teacher performance. Teacher performance is the achievement of work results in a certain period. Having teachers who have good performance is influenced by many factors including the leadership of the school principal, facilities and infrastructure and teacher work discipline. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Mandau, with the aim of the research being to analyze the influence of the principal's leadership, work discipline facilities and infrastructure both partially and simultaneously on teacher performance. This research uses primary data obtained from 63 teachers as a sample. Data collection techniques are carried out using interviews, questionnaires, research files. The data analysis tool was carried out using multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing was carried out using the t test and F test with an alpha of 5%. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the principal's leadership was proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance. Facilities and infrastructure are partially proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance, work discipline is partially proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance and simultaneously the principal's leadership, facilities and infrastructure and work discipline are proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance.
PENDAMPINGAN KEGIATAN STUNTING DI DESA ULULOGA
Authors: Bile Robertus Lili , Tapo Yohanes Bayo Ola , Nafsia Andi , Wangge Maria Carmelita Tali , Linung Flafiana , Kolong Maria Yolanda , Pili Patricia Irene , Wea Maria Rosari , Reri Melkianus
Published: February 2024

stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan yang dialami oleh balita yang mengakibatkan keterlambatan pertumbuhan anak yang tidak sesuai dengan standarnya sehingga mengakibatkan dampak baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Stunting menjadi salah satu penyakit malnutrisi paling lazim yang terjadi pada anak. Kasus ini semakin sering dan umum terjadi karenanya kurangnya kesadaran akan kebutuhan nutrisi dan kondisi kesehatan anak. Desa Ululoga memiliki angka stunting yang cukup tinggi, setidaknya pada tahun 2022 terdapat 10 anak yang mengidap stunting. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya edukasi serta kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya memperhatikan nutrisi selama kehamilan maupun pada seribu hari awal kehidupan bayi. Oleh karena itu, perlunya edukasi kepada masyarakat mengenai apa itu stunting, apa saja faktor penyebap stunting, dampak bagi anak pengidap stunting serta bagaimana cara pencegahan stunting itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah agar masyarakat memahami bagaimana cara mencegah stunting. Edukasi stunting dilakukan dengan mengadakan penyuluhan stunting terhadap masyarakat dan kaum muda desa  Ululoga. Edukasi tersebut penting dilakukan sehingga mampu meningkatkan kesadaran dan ilmu pengetahuan masyarakat terkait dengan stunting. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah menggunakan metode penyuluhan. Harapannya adalah  dengan diadakannya penyuluhan stunting diwilayah desa Ululoga kesadaran masyarakat terkait tumbuh kembang anak semakin diperhatikan dan meningkat, sehingga bisa mencegah terjadinya stunting dan menurunkan presentase stunting di Indonesia khususnya wilayah desa Ululoga kecamatan Mauponggo Kabupaten Nagekeo. Dengan adanya pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentunya diharapkan dapat menekan angka stunting di desa Ululoga dan tentunya berdampak pada angka stunting di Indonesia.
PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PEMBUATAN JAMU TERNAK DI DESA SELALEJO
Authors: Meka Marsianus , Dopo Florentianus , Kabe Kristoforus Lina , Ngao Maria Inosensia , Naru Gisela , Ndange Sisilia
Published: February 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian terhadap masyarakat dilatarbelakangi permasalahan wabah penyakit yang menyerang hewan ternak dan unggas yang terjadi di desa Selalejo pada musim pancaroba. Perubahan musim ini berdampak pada kesehatan ternak dan unggas. Meskipun banyak usaha dilakukan untuk mengatasinya, akan tetapi belum ada hasil yang maksimal. Oleh karena itu, ditawarkan solusi berupa pengolahan jamu ternak dan unggas yang dapat membantu masyarakat mengatasi masalah wabah yang menyerang ternak dan unggas. Pembuatan jamu ternak ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat yang diolah dari bahan-bahan alam. Manfaat dari jamu ini antara lain (1) meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh unggas dari serangan penyakit hewan (Newcastle Desease), (2) menambah nafsu makan, (3) menghilangkan bau kotoran, (4). meningkatkan sistem pencernaan. Sasaran dalam pembuatan jamu ternak ini adalah kelompok dasawisma yang ada di desa Selalejo yang dibimbing langsung oleh peserta KKN STKIP Citra Bakti. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan jamu ternak adalah metode observasi dan wawancara, penyuluhan dan pendampingan pembuatan jamu. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini memberikan dampak yang positif dan terbukti adanya perubahan kesehatan hewan ternak dan unggas.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN BERGIZI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DIDESA WOLOTELU
Authors: Fono Yasinta Maria , Ita Efrida , Bela Maria Editha , Pare Prisko Yanuarius Djawaria , Do Yulita Wea , Wona Melania Santika , Pati Modesta Dobe , Ndiu Yultiana
Published: February 2024

Stunting masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi di desa wolotelu. Terdapat 4 dusun di desa Wolotelu, salah satu dusun terdapat 1 anak yang mengalami stunting yaitu di dusun 4. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk mmemberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai ap aitu stunting, penyebab, dampak, dan pencegahannya. Pengabdian dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, metode sosialisasi, dan pendampingan kepada orang tua yang anaknya mengalami stunting. Pengabdian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2022 - Januari 2023. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab stunting di desa Wolotelu adalah adalah: 1) kurangnya asupan makanan; 2) pola asuh yang kurang memadai; 3) keturunan pendek; 4) tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif; 5) tidak mendapatkan IMD; 6) sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang; 7) ibu saat hamil mengalami anemia. Penyebab stunting umumnya tidak berdiri sendiri, tetapi kombinasi dari beberapa penyebab stunting. Diperlukan kerja sama semua komponen masyarakat dalam upaya penurunan stunting. Langkah dan strategis dilakukan tim abdimas untuk mencegah stunting di desa Wolotelu yaitu melakukan pendekatan langsung kepada orang tua dari anak yang mengalami stunting. Memberikan pendampingan pembuatan bubur kacang untuk anak serta gambaran tentang asupan gizi yang baik seperti membuat sayur sayuran yang bergizi tinggi seperti marongge, daun katup, dan wortel. Kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat bagi orang tua anak yang mengalami stunting untuk menambah wawasan serta mengubah pola pikir orang tua untuk membuat makanan yang tidak hanya bergizi tetapi bervariasi yang menarik minat anak untuk makan
PENDAMPINGAN BELAJAR MEMBACA BAGI SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR WOLOOKA
Authors: Pare Prisko Yanuarius Djawaria , Wani Bernabas , Bhoke Wilibaldus , Tanggu Pare Ariance , Ruba Yunita Rufina , Lusi Kezia Kresensia , Selo Maria Kristina
Published: February 2024

Sekolah Dasar Inpres Wolooka merupakan salah satu sekolah di desa wolooka yang menjadi Pusat KKN Mahasiswa STKIP Citra Bakti tahun 2022. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan terhadap siswa di kelas 1 SD Wolooka terlihat masih ada beberapa siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca. Siswa yang kesulitan mengidentifikasi kata-kata dan membaca dengan lambat memiliki pemahaman bacaan yang rendah, yang merupakan tanda lain dari kesulitan membaca. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, perlu adanya bimbingan dari guru, orang tua, atau orang dewasa yang dekat dengan anak untuk memberikan bantuan dan pendampingan agar anak yang mengalami kesulitan membaca mendapatkan penanganan yang tepat. Kegiatan pendampingan ini bertujuan agar para siswa dapat mengalami peningkatan kemampuan membaca. Metode yang digunakan berupa pendampingan belajar secara langsung di sekolah yang dilakukan di luar jam pembelajaran. Kegiatan pendampingan ini dilaksanakan selama 120 menit, pada setiap pembinaan siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar. Hasil dari kegiatan pendampingan membaca ini, banyak siswa mulai mengalami peningkatan kemampuan Membaca.
OPTIMALISASI PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN MATALOKO
Authors: Wunu Yustina , Ebu Maria Yasinta , Meka Richardus Ulbadus , Mana Lazarus , Tapo Yohanes Bayo Ola , Bate Nikodemus , Wani Bernabas
Published: February 2024

Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) merupakan suatu perilaku di mana seseorang menerapkan perilaku kebersihan dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya dengan memperhatikan tingkat kesehatannya. Hidup sehat merupakan hal yang seharusnya diterapkan oleh setiap orang karena manfaat yang didapat sangat banyak, mulai dari kesehatan jiwa dan raga, kefokusan dalam mengerjakan sesuatu, kesejahteraan hidup anggota keluarga, hingga terciptanya suasana yang indah, asri serta damai sehingga membuat lingkungan hidup terasa nyaman. Kelompok mahasiswa KKN STKIP Citra Bakti memiliki misi untuk menjadikan masyarakat kelurahan Mataloko menyadari akan pentingnya menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat melalui beberapa program kerja terkait dengan PHBS. Beberapa kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu pembuatan sabun cair, pembersihan lingkungan, sosialisasi bagi ibu hamil dan menyusui terkait pola hidup bersih dan sehat serta gizi seimbang, cara mencuci tangan yang benar serta melakukan penanaman pohon/penghijauan di area mata air. Metode yang digunakan berupa sosialisasi dan pendampingan PHBS. Hasilnya, melalui beberapa kegiatan di atas mampu menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya menerapkan PHBS serta dapat memberi pengetahuan kepada masyarakat terkait bagaimana menerapkannya secara tepat.
PENYULUHAN PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN STUNTING DI DESA LOKALABA
Authors: Ngura Elisabeth Tantiana , Wangge Elisabet Klaudia , Sila Sinfrosa Odu , Ndai Antonia , Ndaki Salfiana
Published: February 2024

Latar belakang masalah: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang muncul sebagai akibat dari keadaan kurang gizi yang berlangsung cukup lama. Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting secara langsung di pengaruhi oleh penyakit infeksi dan kurangnya asupan gizi secara kualitas maupun kuantitas. Adapun faktor secara langsung yaitu dari faktor sosial ekonomi, pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan orang tua, ASI eksklusif status imunisasi jangkauan fasilitas layanan kesehatan serta pola asu yang kurang memadai. Tujuan: Melihat hubungan sosial ekonomi dan riwayat pemberian asi eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain penelitian observasi analiti dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectitonal. Bagian sampel menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan pendekatan accidental sampling. Hasil: hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan sosial ekonomi, riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap kejadian stunting.
SUMBER BAGINDOWATI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF WISATA DI DESA KARANGREJO KABUPATEN KEDIRI
Authors: Nurpanto Nugroho Wisma , Al Farizi Mochammad , Pangestu Tito , Syah Azriel Akbar Firman , Trinuraisi M. Yuda , Saifudin Nasrul , Fauzi Moh Farih , Irawan Hebi , Aliami Sri , Samari  , Damayanti Susi , Zaman Badrus , Sardanto Rino
Published: February 2024

Konsep yang dikenal sebagai "pengabdian pada masyarakat" melibatkan masyarakat sebagai mitra aktif dalam proses pembangunan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan meningkatkan partisipasi mereka dalam menemukan dan menyelesaikan masalah lokal. Tujuan pengabdian adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan melalui pencarian dan pengoptimalan sumber daya lokal, meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat, dan meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam proyek pembangunan lokal. Pemerintah desa Karangrejo, tokoh masyarakat, dan berbagai pihak terkait lainnya adalah mitra pengabdian dalam penelitian ini. Metode pengabdian menggabungkan langkah-langkah ABCD dan mendorong masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam proses identifikasi aset, pembuatan rencana aksi bersama, dan pelaksanaan program pemberdayaan.  Hasil yang diharapkan termasuk peningkatan keterampilan, pengetahuan, dan kemampuan masyarakat Desa Karangrejo dalam mengelola sumber daya lokal, peningkatan partisipasi dalam proyek pembangunan, dan perbaikan kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara keseluruhan.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBELAJARAN PJOK INTERAKTIF MELALUI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL ENGKLEK DI SMP CITRA BAKTI
Authors: Tapo Yohanes Bayo Ola , Natal Yanuarius Richardus , Bile Robertus Lili , Wani Bernabas , Nona Anastasia , Kolong Maria Yuwinda
Published: February 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk melaksanakan pendampingan pembelajaran PJOK interaktif melalui permainan tradisional engklek di SMP citra bakti. Adapun sasaran utama dalam kegiatan ini adalah guru PJOK dan siswa kelas VII SMP Citra Bakti, sedangkan tim pengabdian berasal dari dosen dan mahasiswa PJKR STKIP Citra Bakti. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi; 1) Tahap Perencanaan, 2) Tahap Pelaksanaan, dan 3) Tahap Refleksi dan Evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Antusias siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran sangat tinggi, terlihat setiap siswa secara umum selalu terlibat aktif dalam sesi pembelajaran, 2) Siswa secara langsung melaksanakan aktivitas kegiatan latihan kebugaran jasmani dalam bentuk permainan, 3) Guru PJOK sangat terbantu dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga dapat berjalan dengan sangat baik, 4) Terjadi situasi pembelajaran yang sangat interaktif baik antar guru dgn siswa, siswa dengan siswa, maupun siswa dengan media belajar, sehingga suasana pembelajaran sangat menyenangkan.
PEMANFAATAN LAHAN KOSONG SEBAGAI POTENSI EKONOMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI MASYRAKAT DESA LOA
Authors: Tawa Maria Emirentiana , Sada Apolonia , Meo Maria Dionesia , Beru Valensia Ota , Sina Rofina Berlian Ari , Rewang Maria Roselina Jein , Lowa Ronaldo Agustinus Ria , Bio Febronia , Dhiu Konstantinus Dua , Fono Yasinta Maria , Sayangan Yohanes Vianey
Published: February 2024

Desa Loa merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di kecamatan Soa kabupaten Ngada, di mana di daerah ini masih banyak terlihat lahan pekarangan yang belum termanfaatkan secara produktif. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya pola pikir ditengah masyarakat yang beranggapan bahwa lahan pekarangan bukanlah tempat budidaya tanaman serta tidak dapat memberikan hasil yang signifikan dalam peningkatan pendapatan keluarga, serta pemahaman masyarakat yang masih kurang tentang budidaya tanaman. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mengatasi krisis pangan dengan pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan secara lebih produktif sehingga masyarakat memiliki tingkat ketahanan pangan yang tinggi. Dengan adanya hal tersebut masyarakat juga memiliki sumber pendapatan keluarga jika hasil yang diperoleh melebihi jumlah yang dibutuhkan oleh keluarga. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian ini yaitu tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengabdian ini yaitu warga masyarakat sekitar mulai memanfaatkan lahan kosong baik di depan, di samping, dan dibelakang rumah untuk menanam sayur-sayuran guna memenuhi kebutuhan pokok mereka sehari-hari.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN JAMU AYAM SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT AYAM OLEH MAHASISWA KKN STKIP CITRA BAKTI
Authors: Bela Maria Editha , Djawaria Pare Prisko Yanuarius , Ita Efrida , Fono Yasinta Maria , Gelu Afrianus , Rewo Josep Marsianus , Watu Vinsensius , Roas Novita , Ngode Karolina
Published: February 2024

Latar Belakang dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dikarenakan maraknya kasus penyakit ayam yang menyerang ayam di wilayah Desa Wolotelu dikarenakan ayam dengan tingkat produktivitas yang tinggi, mati karena diserang penyakit ayam. Mengingat kebutuhan masyarakat akan ayam sangat tinggi, baik telur maupun dagingnya, maka salah satu kegiatan Nyata yang dilakukan mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Citra Bakti  untuk menhikapi situasi ini adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan jamu ayam dari bahan tradisional yang bisa digunakan warga Masyarakat. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai adalah masyarakat mendapatkan edukasi langsung tentang cara membuat jamu ayam sebagai langkah antisipatif dalam menekan laju kematian ayam akibat penyakit ayam. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah warga masyarakat Desa Wolotelu yang memilki peternakan ayam, baik ayam kampong maupun ayam pedaging. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan secara langsung kepada masyarakat tentang bahan, dan cara pembuatan jamu ayam. Selain manusia, hewan juga membutuhkan vitamin yang baik untuk kebutuhan tumbuh kembangnya. Faktanya, jamu tradisional tentu menjadi salah satu anjuran bagi peternak pemula yang ingin menggeluti usaha ternak ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB), agar ayamnya sehat dan tidak mudah terserang penyakit. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah teredukasinya masyarakat Desa Wolotelu tentang cara membuat jamu ayam tradisional dan jangkauan untuk mendapatkan bahan-bahan sangat ramah lingkungan serta ramah kantong.
Equality Drowned in Thermal Water – Environmental Racism and Antisemitism in the Context of Tourism-Centred Modernisation in Interwar North-East Hungary
Authors: KUNT GERGELY
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the interrelationship between discourse about the natural environment and nationalist ideologies in interwar Hungary through a case study on the politicisation of bath culture. As a result of the peace treaty that ended World War One, in the 1930s and 1940s, a previously neglected thermal bath town in North-east Hungary became a target for national scale real estate development as well as virulent antisemitism. In order to legitimate antisemitic policy barring Jews from public baths, Hungarian Christian nationalists evoked myths about Jewish bodies being unclean and infectious and used the term ‘Galician Jew’ in reference to Galicia in Eastern Europe, a region historically associated with dirtiness and backwardness. The present study explores the discourse developing around access to thermal resources and argues that the discriminatory bath decrees pushed by the far right were the first step towards the disenfranchisement and eventual extermination of the Hungarian Jewish community.
Dust Dynamics in Hall-effected Protoplanetary Disks. I. Background Drift Hall Instability
Authors: Wu 吴 Yinhao 寅昊 , Lin 林 Min-Kai 明楷 , Cui 崔 Can 灿 , Krapp Leonardo , Lee 李 Yueh-Ning 悅寧 , Youdin Andrew N.
Published: February 2024

Recent studies have shown that the large-scale gas dynamics of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) are controlled by nonideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), but how this influences dust dynamics is not fully understood. To this end, we investigate the stability of dusty, magnetized disks subject to the Hall effect, which applies to planet-forming regions of PPDs. We find a novel background drift Hall instability (BDHI) that may facilitate planetesimal formation in Hall-effected disk regions. Through a combination of linear analysis and nonlinear simulations, we demonstrate the viability and characteristics of BDHI. We find it can potentially dominate over the classical streaming instability (SI) and standard MHD instabilities at low dust-to-gas ratios and weak magnetic fields. We also identify magnetized versions of the classic SI, but these are usually subdominant. We highlight the complex interplay between magnetic fields and dust-gas dynamics in PPDs, underscoring the need to consider nonideal MHD like the Hall effect in the broader narrative of planet formation.
Ensuring Consistency between Noise and Detection in Hierarchical Bayesian Inference
Authors: Essick Reed , Fishbach Maya
Published: February 2024

Hierarchical Bayesian inference can simultaneously account for both measurement uncertainty and selection effects within astronomical catalogs. In particular, the imposed hierarchy encodes beliefs about the interdependence of the physical processes that generate the observed data. We show that several proposed approximations within the literature actually correspond to inferences that are incompatible with any physical detection process. This generically leads to biases and is associated with the assumption that detectability is independent of the observed data given the true source parameters. We show several examples of how this error can affect astrophysical inferences based on catalogs of coalescing binaries observed through gravitational waves, including misestimating the redshift evolution of the merger rate as well as incorrectly inferring that general relativity is the correct theory of gravity when it is not. In general, one cannot directly fit for the “detected distribution” and “divide out” the selection effects in post-processing. Similarly, when comparing theoretical predictions to observations, it is better to simulate detected data (including both measurement noise and selection effects) rather than comparing estimates of the detected distributions of event parameters (which include only selection effects). While the biases introduced by model misspecification from incorrect assumptions may be smaller than statistical uncertainty for moderate catalog sizes (O(100) events), they will nevertheless pose a significant barrier to precision measurements of astrophysical populations.
Evolution of the Size–Mass Relation of Star-forming Galaxies Since z = 5.5 Revealed by CEERS
Authors: Ward Ethan , de la Vega Alexander , Mobasher Bahram , McGrath Elizabeth J. , Iyer Kartheik G. , Calabrò Antonello , Costantin Luca , Dickinson Mark , Holwerda Benne W. , Huertas-Company Marc , Hirschmann Michaela , Lucas Ray A. , Pandya Viraj , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Bagley Micaela B. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Papovich Casey , Pirzkal Nor
Published: February 2024

We combine deep imaging data from the CEERS early release JWST survey and Hubble Space Telescope imaging from CANDELS to examine the size–mass relation of star-forming galaxies and the morphology–quenching relation at stellar masses M
⋆ ≥ 109.5
M
⊙ over the redshift range 0.5 < z < 5.5. In this study with a sample of 2450 galaxies, we separate star-forming and quiescent galaxies based on their star formation activity and confirm that star-forming and quiescent galaxies have different morphologies out to z = 5.5, extending the results of earlier studies out to higher redshifts. We find that star-forming and quiescent galaxies have typical Sérsic indices of n ∼ 1.3 and n ∼ 4.3, respectively. Focusing on star-forming galaxies, we find that the slope of the size–mass relation is nearly constant with redshift, as was found previously, but shows a modest increase at z ∼ 4.2. The intercept in the size–mass relation declines out to z = 5.5 at rates that are similar to what earlier studies found. The intrinsic scatter in the size–mass relation is relatively constant out to z = 5.5.
Ultraviolet Quasiperiodic Eruptions from Star–Disk Collisions in Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Linial Itai , Metzger Brian D.
Published: February 2024

“Quasiperiodic eruptions” (QPE) are recurrent nuclear transients with periods of several hours to almost a day, which thus far have been detected exclusively in the X-ray band. We have shown that many of the key properties of QPE flares (period, luminosity, duration, emission temperature, alternating long-short recurrence time behavior, and source rates) are naturally reproduced by a scenario involving twice-per-orbit collisions between a solar-type star on a mildly eccentric orbit, likely brought into the nucleus as an extreme mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI), and the gaseous accretion disk of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). The flare is generated by the hot shocked debris expanding outwards from either side of the disk midplane, akin to dual miniature supernovae. Here, we consider the conditions necessary for disk–star collisions to generate lower-temperature flares that peak in the ultraviolet (UV) instead of the X-ray band. We identify a region of parameter space at low SMBH mass M
• ∼ 105.5
M
⊙ and QPE periods P ≳ 10 hr for which the predicted flares are sufficiently luminous L
UV ∼ 1041 erg s−1 to outshine the quiescent disk emission at these wavelengths. The prospects to discover such “UV QPEs” with future satellite missions such as ULTRASAT and Ultraviolet Explorer depend on the prevalence of very low-mass SMBHs and the occurrence rate of stellar EMRIs onto them. For gaseous disks produced by the tidal disruption of stars, we predict that X-ray QPEs will eventually shut off, only to later reappear as UV QPEs as the accretion rate continues to drop.
Factors associated with the cholera outbreak in Al-Mahweet-Yemen: Analytic Study
Authors: Nasr Hani , Al-Zumair Marwah , Al-Mahbashi Taha , Dureab Fekri
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The emergence of cholera in 2016 in Yemen, worsened the morbidity and mortality of diarrheal diseases, particularly among children under five. Multiple outbreaks in Yemen are triggered by years of conflict and the collapse of basic infrastructure including water supply and sanitation systems. This study aims to assess factors associated with the cholera outbreak, in a cholera-prone region, in Al-Mahweet, Yemen.
Methodology: We conducted a multivariate analysis of the data collected through a household survey of 384 households in Al-Mahweet, Yemen.
Results: Families with children under five years, large households, and those living in Al Mahweet district were associated with a higher incidence of cholera. Water treatment by boiling, filtering, and chlorination as a protective practice against cholera showed a borderline significance, while other WASH practices including regular hand washing, open defection, safe water source, and improved sanitation facilities were statistically insignificant. Community awareness of cholera transmission and prevention measures showed no association with cholera incidence.
Conclusions: Findings suggest that living conditions, including large households and lack of access to treated water, increase the risk of cholera. Interventions to increase access to treated water and improve the hygienic conditions of large households are of central importance. Affected communities must receive effective educational campaigns that are adjusted to change hygienic practices and improve knowledge of cholera transmission and protection measures.
Characteristics of non-carbapenemase producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Ruan Yongchun , Li Minghui , Wang Dan , Duan Jinnan , Zhang Haiwang , Zhou Yiqing
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a substantial severe global public health burden. Non-carbapenemase-producing CRKP (non-CP-CRKP) is increasingly recognized as the source of severe infections.
Methodology: We analyzed the genotypic, and phenotypic profiles of non-CP-CRKP strains with the whole-genome sequences isolated between 2017 and 2019 and the clinical characterization of non-CP-CRKP infection.
Results: A total of 91 CRKP strains were collected, of which 5 (5.49%) strains were non-CP-CRKP. Four strains were from male patients; three strains were isolated from the bile of patients who underwent biliary interventional surgery and four had a history of antibiotic exposure. Three strains were sequence type (ST)11, one was ST1, and one was ST5523. The non-CP-CRKP strains were insusceptible to ertapenem. Three strains were susceptible to amikacin. All the strains were susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, tigecycline, ceftazidime/avibatam and polymyxin B. The β-lactamases of non-CP-CRKP predominantly included blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM subtypes. Two site mutations in ompK36 (p.A217S and p.N218H) and four in ompK37 (p.I70M, p.I128M, p.N230G, and m233_None234insQ) were detected accounting for carbapenem resistance. Plasmids IncFI and IncFII were found in most strains. Genes encoding aerobactin, yersiniabactin and allantoin utilization were not detected in several isolates, and all non-CP-CRKP strains did not carry rmpA gene.
Conclusions: Non-CP-CRKP infected patients had a history of previous antibiotic exposure or invasive procedures. Non-CP-CRKP strains were insusceptible to ertapenem. The mechanism of resistance includes β-lactamases production and the site mutations in ompK36 and ompK37. Several virulence genes were not detected in non-CP-CRKP.
Use of inferior vena cava guided fluid therapy in the treatment of septic shock: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ghosh Sohom , Padhi Rajesh , Sahu Samir , Meher Meghanad , Jain Parshav , Subudhi Sambeet Kumar , Vihari Jonnalagadda , Samal Archana , Sahu Anita Kumari
Published: February 2024

Introduction: By administering inferior vena cava (IVC) directed fluid, it is possible to avoid the use of additional fluid and fluid overload in patients with septic shock (SS) and sepsis-induced hypoperfusion (SIH).
Methodology: In patients with SIH and SS, we conducted prospective observational research on fluid therapy. A time-motion trace of the IVC diameter was created using M-mode imaging. The ability to predict fluid responsiveness was based on the IVC collapsibility index (cIVC) > 40%. Participants were randomised into 2 groups using a permuted block-of-four randomization list, with the investigators being blinded prior to patient allocation. They were split equally between the usual-care (UC) group, which received sepsis-guided fluid treatment, and the interventional ultrasound-guided fluid therapy (UGFT) group.
Results: The average age of the participants was 63.2 years (62.8 years for the UGFT group and 63.7 years for the UC group). Co-morbid health conditions were practically the same in both arms at baseline. Prior to enrolment, both groups received the same quantity of fluid as part of resuscitation (UGFT arm received 2.4 0.6 L, UC group received 2.2 0.7 L). The UGFT group outperformed the UC group with a P value of 0.02 due to a significantly lower positive fluid balance after 72 hours of ICU discharge (-1.37 L), which rendered the UGFT group superior to the UC group. Even after accounting for the fluids consumed before enrolment, there was still a sizable difference in the fluids infused. When the pre-enrolment fluids were counted at 72 hours, UGFT participants still displayed a decreased positive fluid balance. However, there was no discernible difference in the 30-day mortality rate overall (6.3% difference, UGFT: 15.7%, and UC: 22.0%).
Conclusions: In contrast to the UC group, the UGFT arm of our study demonstrated a statistically significant benefit of Point of Care USG (POCUS) guided fluid therapy during resuscitation in sepsis in reducing the positive fluid balance in 72 hours, preventing fluid overload, and reducing the need for dialysis and invasive ventilation. However, there was no statistically significant variation in the 30-day mortality rate.
A case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and abnormal serum levels of ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid
Authors: Ni Yiyun , Liu Bin , Zhang Weizhen , Shi Shengwen , Deng Jianchao
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a globally prevalent infectious disease caused by the hantavirus in rodents.
Case study: This report describes a case of a 36-year-old male presenting with elevated ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiency during the early onset phase of HFRS. Despite normal renal function at admission, the patient exhibited persistent fever and thrombocytopenia, leading to a potential misdiagnosis of an atypical HFRS presentation. Abnormal serum levels of ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid served as early indicators of renal dysfunction in patients with HRFS. The patient's condition improved rapidly with a combination of vitamin B6, methyl cobalamin, and folic acid, as evidenced by a subsequent decrease in the ferritin levels, from 3000 to 600 ng/mL, on days 4 and 24, respectively, and an increase in the vitamin B12 and folic acid levels to 200 pg/mL and 36.7 ng/mL, separately.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid have the potential to serve as biomarkers for HFRS and play a predictive role in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Molecular study of blaVIM and blaIMP genes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from burn patients in Duhok City, Iraq
Authors: Khalid Haval Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium mainly associated with hospital acquired infections and in immunocompromised individuals who stay in hospitals for a long time. In recent years, it has become increasingly resistant to many different types of antibiotics. The production of the metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) enzyme is one of the primary causes of this resistance. This study aimed to detect the presence of MBL genes that belong to the verona integrin metallo-β-lactamase (bla-VIM) and imipenemase (bla-IMP) groups in the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from burn patients.
Methodology: One hundred and seventeen (117) isolates of A. baumannii were obtained from patient specimens using traditional methods followed by using the VITEK 2 (BioMérieux, Les Pennes-Mirabeau, France) identification system. Metallo β-lactamases were detected in the imipenem-resistant strains by using imipenem disks on Muller-Hinton agar. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was utilized to examine 117 isolates for the detection of MBLs encoding genes such as bla-VIM, and bla-IMP.
Results: Imipenem resistance was detected in 78.6% of the patients. The PCR assays of the isolates identified bla-VIM-1, bla-VIM-2, bla-IMP-1 and bla-IMP-2 genes at the rates of 17%, 40.1%, 29.9% and 4.2%, respectively.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that the majority of A. baumannii isolates harbour one or more of the detected genes, signifying that the production of MBLs plays a pivotal role in resistance mechanisms.
Strengthening the 2018 EU Bioeconomy Strategy through Microbiome Analysis and Synthetic Microbial Consortia Technologies
Authors: Krömer Jens , Popova Gabriela , Bühler Katja , Lindblad Peter
Published: February 2024

The 2018 EU Bioeconomy Strategy aims to create a sustainable, circular, and low-emissions economy, based on the use of renewable biological resources. The strategy focuses on the development of new biobased products and markets, the promotion of sustainable and efficient use of resources, and the support of research, innovation, and skills development in the bioeconomy sector. The main objectives of the strategy are to: - Accelerate the deployment of bio-based products and services to reduce Europe’s dependence on fossil fuels and promote the transition to a circular economy; - Optimise the use of renewable biological resources to ensure food security, while also protecting the environment and biodiversity; - Promote sustainable and efficient use of natural resources, reduce waste, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions; - Develop innovative, sustainable, and competitive bio-based industries and value chains that create jobs and support economic growth, particularly in rural areas; - Support research, innovation, and skills development in the bioeconomy sector to drive technological advancements, enhance the competitiveness of the EU’s bio-based industries, and address societal challenges such as climate change, food security, and public health.

The EU Horizon 2020 PROMICON project is a pioneering initiative that directly addresses the objectives of the 2018 EU Bioeconomy Strategy. By focusing on the production of biopolymers, energy carriers, feedstocks, and antimicrobial molecules from natural microbiomes, the project is promoting the sustainable production and use of renewable biological resources while also supporting research and innovation in the bioeconomy sector.
On the identity of Culter oxycephalus (Teleostei, Cypriniforms, Xenocyprididae), with notes on the validity of eight cultrin fish species from East Asia
Authors: Chen Xiao , Su Shiping , Zhang Xiaohua , Laan Richard , Zhang E
Published: February 2024

The identification problems of cultrin fish species from East Asia are discussed. Culter oxycephalus Bleeker, 1871 is found to be a senior synonym of Culter oxycephaloides Kreyenberg & Pappenheim, 1908 and is redescribed. Culter abramoides Dybowski, 1872 is a senior synonym of Erythroculter dabryi shinkainensis Yi & Zhu, 1959. Examination of three specimens identified as Erythroculter recurviceps and Culter oxycephalus by John Treadwell Nichols was found to be in error. Based on the data obtained during the field survey and coupled with known literature and the latest taxonomic development of relevant taxa, there are five and six cultrin fishes in Lake Dongting and Lake Xingkai, respectively, namely the Bream-shaped Culter Chanodichthys abramoides, Dabry’s Culter Chanodichthys dabryi, Topmouth Culter Chanodichthys erthropterus, Mongolian Culter Chanodichthys mongolicus, Sharphead Culter Chanodichthys oxycephalus, Predatory Culter Culter alburnus and Culter compressocorpus. This study clarifies the interrelationships between Chanodichthys oxycephalus and Chanodichthys oxycephaloides, and taxonomically explains the absence of records of the Sharphead Culter for more than half a century. We also report six cultrin fishes distributing in the Heilong-Jiang basin of China: Chanodichthys abramoides, Ch. dabryi, Ch. erythropterus, Ch. mongolicus, Culter alburnus and C. compressocorpus.
Hoverflies of the Timon-David collection (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: Nève Gabriel , Lair Xavier , Lebard Thomas , Meunier Jean-Yves , Teste Louis-Jean , Séguinel Louise
Published: February 2024

Hoverflies are among the most important insect pollinators and there is documented evidence of a recent decline in their populations. To trace the past distributions of hoverfly species, verified records of historical collections are essential.

Here, we provide data on 1071 specimens of hoverflies collected or received by Jean Timon-David and hosted at the Marseille Natural History Museum, France. Most of the specimens were collected by Timon-David himself and come from south-eastern France, mainly from the Departments of Bouches-du-Rhône, Var and Hautes-Alpes. Most of these specimens were checked for the accuracy of their identification according to the latest identification keys. This resulted in 85 additions to the known fauna of the French Departments, mostly for Var and Bouches-du-Rhône. The taxonomy of all specimens was checked against the latest available checklists and updated names added whenever necessary. Specimens received from entomologists working in other continents may also be valuable, as these are historic testimonies of the fauna of their own respective regions of origin and may, therefore, also be used as reference material. One paratype specimen from Australia is present in the collection. The holotype of Cheilosia vangaveri Timon-David, 1937 is absent from the collection and should be considered as lost. All but two of the specimens with locality labels had their geographical coordinates of origin added in the dataset.
Phylogeny of the genus Loxospora s.l. (Sarrameanales, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), with Chicitaea gen. nov. and five new combinations in Chicitaea and Loxospora
Authors: Ptach-Styn Łucja , Guzow-Krzemińska Beata , Lendemer James C. , Tønsberg Tor , Kukwa Martin
Published: February 2024

Loxospora is a genus of crustose lichens containing 13 accepted species that can be separated into two groups, based on differences in secondary chemistry that correlate with differences in characters of the sexual reproductive structures (asci and ascospores). Molecular phylogenetic analyses recovered these groups as monophyletic and support their recognition as distinct genera that differ in phenotypic characters. Species containing 2’-O-methylperlatolic acid are transferred to the new genus, Chicitaea Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer and four new combinations are proposed: C. assateaguensis (Lendemer) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer, C. confusa (Lendemer) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer, C. cristinae (Guzow-Krzem., Łubek, Kubiak & Kukwa) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer and C. lecanoriformis (Lumbsch, A.W. Archer & Elix) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer. The remaining species produce thamnolic acid and represent Loxospora s.str. Haplotype analyses recovered sequences of L. elatina in two distinct groups, one corresponding to L. elatina s.str. and one to Pertusaria chloropolia, the latter being resurrected from synonymy of L. elatina and, thus, requiring the combination, L. chloropolia (Erichsen) Ptach-Styn, Guzow-Krzem., Tønsberg & Kukwa. Sequences of L. ochrophaea were found to be intermixed within the otherwise monophyletic L. elatina s.str. These two taxa, which differ in contrasting reproductive mode and overall geographic distributions, are maintained as distinct, pending further studies with additional molecular loci. Lectotypes are selected for Lecanora elatina, Pertusaria chloropolia and P. chloropolia f. cana. The latter is a synonym of Loxospora chloropolia. New primers for the amplification of mtSSU are also presented.
A new species of the Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis species group (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Lao Cai Province, Vietnam
Authors: Tran Tung Thanh , Do Quyen Hanh , Pham Cuong The , Phan Tien Quang , Ngo Hanh Thi , Le Minh Duc , Ziegler Thomas , Nguyen Truong Quang
Published: February 2024

We describe a new species of the genus Cyrtodactylus based on five adult specimens from Bac Ha District, Lao Cai Province, northern Vietnam. Cyrtodactylus lucisp. nov. is distinguished from the remaining Indochinese bent-toed geckos by a combination of the following morphological characteristics: medium size (SVL up to 89.5 mm); dorsal tubercles in 17–19 irregular transverse rows; ventral scales in 32–34 longitudinal rows at midbody; precloacal pores present in both sexes, 9 or 10 in males, 8 or 9 in females; 12–15 enlarged femoral scales on each thigh; femoral pores 9–12 in males, 5–10 in females; postcloacal tubercles 2–4; lamellae under toe IV 21–23; dorsal pattern consisting of 5 or 6 irregular dark bands, a thin neckband without V-shape or triangle shape in the middle, top of head with dark brown blotches; subcaudal scales transversely enlarged. Molecular phylogenetic analyses recovered the new species as the sister taxon to C. gulinqingensis from Yunnan Province, China, with strong support from all analyses and the two taxa are separated by approximately 8.87–9.22% genetic divergence based on a fragment of the mitochondrial ND2 gene. This is the first representative of Cyrtodactylus known from Lao Cai Province.