bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of implementing international advanced knowledge and experience in sustainable development of smart cities and territorial communities of Ukraine
Authors: Panukhnyk O. , Kurakh O.
Published: December 2023

The article examines international experience, practices and approaches to the construction of the "Smart City" development concept, its functional content and components. It was determined that the "smart city" as a trend of the last decade is a city that integrates green areas into the urban space and in which traditional systems work as a single coordinated mechanism, and as a result more effectively due to the use of advanced technologies. It was found that a modern smart city due to global urbanization and migration, the spread of environmental awareness, rapid technogenic progress at the global level, intellectualization, digitalization, and the growth of the population of cities, should primarily take into account economic, ecological, and social factors, with further actualization of the issue of healthy progress environment, promoting entrepreneurship and providing a high standard of living for the population. The research highlights the key characteristics of a "Smart city" – automation of routine functions, efficiency of territory use, cost savings, rational use of natural resources, quick response to environmental challenges, etc. The theoretical and categorical vision of the definition of "Smart City" according to the vision of international organizations is systematized. On the basis of the proposed revision, it is determined that today, despite the ambiguity of approaches to the development and implementation of the "Smart City" concept, the leading countries of the world and their individual cities are actively engaging digitalization processes in their own economy in order to use the opportunities of powerful own development. Therefore, the justification of the need to conduct this study was carried out in order to ensure the successful progress of the cities of Ukraine and their rapid reconstruction. Since it has been found out that currently domestic technologization mostly begins with the use of individual innovations to solve the most pressing problems facing cities.
STILLBIRTH RATE AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE: STUDY IN THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE MOST INTENSIVELY RADIOCONTAMINATED UPON THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Gunko N. V. , Korotkova N. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Masiuk S. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

Objective: to evaluate the time pattern peculiarities of stillbirth and infant mortality rates in the radiocontaminated territories of Ukraine in the post-accident period on the basis of the national State Statistics Service data. Object of the study: stillbirth and infant mortality rates of population of the most intensively radiocontaminated territories of Ukraine (Lughinskyi, Narodytskyi, Ovrutskyi and Olevskyi districts of Zhytomyrska oblast, Vyshgorodskyi, Ivankivskyi and Poliskyi districts of Kyivska oblast, Rokytnivskyi and Sarnenskyi districts of Rivnenska oblast, and Kozeletskyi and Rypkinskyi districts of Chernihivska oblast). Research materials and methods. Information resources of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 1986–2020 regarding the infant mortality and stillbirth rates were used in the study. Demographic, mathematical-statistical, graphical, and software-technological research methods were applies. Results and conclusions. Parameters of infant mortality and stillbirth rates for the 1986–2020 period were studied retrospectively. Significant variations in values were revealed both between the territories and years of survey. Key words: Chornobyl disaster, radiocontaminated territories, stillbirth rate, infant mortality rate.
TIME PATTERN OF RADIONUCLIDE EMISSIONS AND DISCHARGES INTO THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PIVDENNOUKRAINSKA NPP SURVEILLANCE ZONE
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Prylypko V. A. , Morozova M. M. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Ozerova Yu. Yu. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Gryshan A. V. ,   Manufacturing Facility «Pivdennoukrainska NPP», Pelukh O. O. ,   Manufacturing Facility «Pivdennoukrainska NPP»
Published: December 2023

Objective: assessment of impact of operation of the Pivdennoukrainska Nuclear Power Plant (PUNPP) on the environment of surveillance zone (SZ) based on parameters of radiation monitoring within 2015–2021 period. Methods: socio-hygienic (analysis of the radiation monitoring parameters), analytical, statistical. Results. The environmental radiation impact associated with emissions and discharges of radioactive substances originated in the production cycle of the PUNPP in everyday conditions was found as insignificant. The gas-aerosol atmospheric emissions of inert radioactive gases, long-lived nuclides, and 131I did not exceed the established permissible levels (PL) and amounted to a hundredth of a percent of the emission limit (EL) for the inert radioactive gases and long-lived nuclides, and a thousandth of a percent for radioactive iodine. Total atmospheric emissions of the 51Cr, 54Mn, 59Fe, 58Co, 60Co, 90Sr, 95Zr, 95Nb, 134Cs, 137Cs, and 3Н radionuclides by the PUNPP power units (actual and % of EL) did not exceed the established PL. Maximum average values of atmospheric air concentration of 137Cs in SZ for the 2015–2021 period ranged from 2.858 μBq/m3 (PUNPP industrial site) to 1.986 μBq/m3 (Riabokoneve village, 33.5 km distance), and maximum average values of the 90Sr air concentration were from 1.310 μBq/m3 to 0.566 μBq/m3, respectively. According to radionuclide monitoring no significant change of the quality of surface water occurred upon the PUNPP discharges to the Pivdennyi Bug River. Specific activity of the 137Сs in agricultural products in the PUNPP SZ was insignificant and not exceeding the PL of the content in food products. Content of 137Cs in the samples from the PUNPP SZ did not exceed 1.0 % of the total activity. Conclusion. Average concentration of radionuclides in atmospheric air of the settlements in the PUNPP SZ was several orders of magnitude lower than that established by regulatory documents. The PUNPP discharges to the Pivdennyi Bug River, according to radionuclide parameters that are monitored, have not significantly changed the quality of surface water. The content of 90Sr and 137Cs was uniform in all observation radii of distance from the NPP, confirming the very low level of 90Sr and 137Cs environmental emission by the PUNPP. The content of 137Cs in agricultural products within the PUNPP SZ was significantly lower than PL. Key words: environment, NPP surveillance zone, radioecological monitoring.
THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE AND ITS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS: IONIZING RADIATION AND ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Prysyazhnyuk А. Ye. , Bazyka D. A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Gudzenko N. A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Fuzik M. M. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Babkina N. G. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Khukhrianska О. M. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Danevych S. A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

Objective: to estimate the risk of thyroid cancer incidence in the population of Ukraine in connection with its exposure to radioactive iodine fallout of Chornobyl origin and the use of pesticides in agricultural production in the country. Object of study. Incidence rates of thyroid cancer in the population of Ukraine in 2001-2019, average regional radiation doses absorbed by the thyroid because of the Chornobyl accident, the volume of use of various groups of pesticides in the regions of Ukraine. Research methods: statistical, mathematical and cartographic. Results. The study covering the period of 2001–2019, revealed significant temporal and regional differences in the thyroid cancer incidence in the population of the Ukraine regions in 2001–2019. The existence of a significant correlation between the thyroid cancer incidence and the amount of radiation exposure to the thyroid associated with the Chornobyl accident was established. The existence of a significant correlation between the thyroid cancer incidence and the degree of pesticide use intensity in agriculture in the Ukraine regions was established. A significant value of multiple correlation r = 0.5866 (p < 0.05) was found between the thyroid cancer incidence in Ukraine and the average regional radiation doses and the pesticide use intensity in agricultural production in the country. Conclusions. A reliable value of the multiple correlation between the value of the average regional radiation exposure doses to the thyroid associated with the Chornobyl accident and the degree of pesticide use intensity in the national economy of Ukraine and the thyroid cancer incidence in the population was determined. Key words: ionizing radiation, pesticides, thyroid gland, morbidity, cancer.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PHOTON CAPTURE BEAM TECHNOLOGY AND PHOTODYNAMIC IMPACT ON MALIGNANT HUMAN CELLS ІN A RESTING STATE
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Lavrenchuk G. Y. , Talko V. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Chernyshov A. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

Objective: to investigate the structural and morphofunctional changes in test system of malignant (cell line A-549) human cells in a resting state exposed to X-rays in the presence of gadolinium-containing photon capture agent «Dotavist» and optical light (red spectrum) in combination with «Photolon» photosensitizer. Methods. Passaged malignant human cell culture technology, X-ray and red light exposure, cytological and statistical methods. Results. X-ray exposure at a dose of 10.0 Gy in the presence of photon capture agent «Dotavist» (at a 100 μg/ml nutrient medium concentration) led to death of 75–83 % of malignant cells in a resting state on the 6–8th day of cultivation. Photodynamic exposure (630 nm wavelength red light) in the presence of «Photolon» photosensitizer (200 μg/ml concentration) resulted in death of 69–73 % of malignant cells, respectively. Combination of the photon-capturing technology and photodynamic exposure resulted in death of 90 % of the malignant cells in a phase of steady-state growth on the 8th day of cultivation. Conclusion. Combination of the photon capture technology (X-ray exposure with gadolinium-containing photon capture agent «Dotavist» in cytotoxic concentration) and photodynamic exposure in the presence of «Photolon» photosensitizer increased devitalization effectiveness of human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A-549 cell line) being in a steady-state growth phase up to 90 %. Ten percent of cells resistant to the applied technologies retained their proliferative potential, evident as changes in their morphology, genotype and adhesiveness during further cultivation. Key words: culture of human malignant cells, X-ray irradiation, photon capture agent, red light, photosensitizer.
INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BREAST CANCER
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Bazyka D. , Lytvynenko O. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Litvinenko O. ,   Nonprofit Organization National Cancer Institute of Ministry of Health of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the urgent problems of health care, which is due to a constant trend of growth. One of the risk factors for the development of breast cancer is ionizing radiation (IR). Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have shown the high sensitivity of the mammary gland (MG) to this factor. Consideration of models of absolute and relative risks of the occurrence of radio-induced tumors of the MG in irradiated persons showed the importance of such factors as age at the time of irradiation, multiplicity. frequency of exposure, dose level and concomitant non-neoplastic diseases of the mammary and thyroid gland (TG). Excess radiation-induced cases of cervical cancer were found among irradiated women after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Epidemiological features of the development of breast cancer under the influence of IV are presented in detail, which is one of the environmental factors involved in the formation of the modern carcinogenic situation. In connection with the significant sensitivity of the MG to the carcinogenic effect of IR, this form of neoplasms attracted special attention after the Chornobyl accident. The effect of small doses of radiation after the Chornobyl disaster led to a wave-like change in the incidence of breast cancer in certain periods of the year, and the radiation-induced incidence of this pathology can occur spontaneously. Key words: breast cancer, radiation risk, ionizing radiation, territory contaminated with radionuclides, radiation effect, carcinogenic risk, radiosensitivity.
SLEEP QUALITY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN – RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Poznysh V. A. , Vdovenko V. Yu. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kolpakov I. E. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Chumak A. A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

Objective: to assess the sleep characteristics of middle school children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study of sleep characteristics of children – residents of radioactively contaminated areas of Zhytomyr and Rivne regions, who underwent a routine examination in June–July 2020, after their stay from March to June 2020 in conditions of home isolation due to quarantine restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ninety six students of comprehensive public schools, aged 10–16, took part in the study. Sleep characteristics were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-U indicator), translated into Ukrainian. Results and discussion. During the period of the introduction of restrictive measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, certain disturbances of sleep characteristics were observed, the imprint of which was a moderately increased total PSQI-U indicator, which was (3.89 ± 3.20) points. It was established that 19.79 % of children had insufficient total sleep time, and 2.08 % had significant sleep deprivation. The quality of their sleep was described as «rather bad» by 32.29 %, and as «very bad» by 4.17 %; 35.42 % of children complained about sleep disturbances, 67.71 % of children had signs of daytime dysfunction, 18.75 % had symptoms of insomnia. In the logistic regression model, quite significant prognostic factors of insomnia were: female gender (OR = 2.487; 95 % CI: 1.407–4.397); subjective determination of the negative impact of the pandemic on health, regardless of whether the respondent had COVID-19 or not (OR = 1.166; 95 % CI: 1.112–1.222), as well as living in the city (OR = 1.183; 95 % CI: 1.065–315). Conclusions. The introduction of restrictive quarantine measures as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a violation of the daily routine of schoolchildren, which modified the characteristics of sleep. In almost a third of the examined children, the duration and quality of night sleep was insufficient for the physiological restoration of the body’s reserves. A late choice of the start of sleep and violations of his hygiene had a critical impact on these indicators. Key words: COVID 19, sleep, schoolchildren, social isolation.
THE COMBINATION OF CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA SYNDROME IN CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Shvaiko L. I. , Bazyka K. D. ,   State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Shilenko M. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Olifer P. V. ,   State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Tkachuk N. A. ,   State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between functional status of bronchopulmonary system and obstructive sleep apnea in clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident in a remote post-accident period. Materials and methods. We included 58 COPD male patients clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident: 21 with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA), 37 – without. A complex of functional tests and OSA screening was provided. Results. In clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident with COPD and obstructive sleep apnea in a remote postaccident period apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) negatively correlated with FVC, % of predicted (r = -0.36, p < 0.05), the intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV), % of predicted (r = -0.40, p < 0.05); AHI positively correlated with diffusion lung capacity (DLCO), % of predicted values (r = 0.57, p < 0.05), with the intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV), % of predicted (r = 0.53, p < 0.05), body mass index (r = 0.49, p < 0.05) and age (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). Conclusions. Obstructive sleep apnea was diagnosed in 36.3 % of patients with COPD clean up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident. Screening for OSA in patients with COPD, clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident is a very important clinical task for prognosis and treatment Key words: clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident, pulmonary function tests, obstructive sleep apnea.
RISK SCORE MODEL FOR PREDICTING CARDIOTOXICITY IN BREAST CANCER: DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF HIGH-SENSITIVITY CARDIAC TROPONIN T
Authors:   SI «National Scientific Center «The M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Scienses of Ukraine», Dovganych N. V. , Kozhukhov S. M. ,   SI «National Scientific Center «The M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Scienses of Ukraine», Smolanka I. I. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Lygyrda O. F. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Bazyka О. Ye. ,   SI «National Scientific Center «The M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Scienses of Ukraine», Lyalkin S. A. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Yarynkina О. A. ,   SI «National Scientific Center «The M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Scienses of Ukraine»
Published: December 2023

Cardiovascular diseases are the second leading cause of death among breast cancer (BC) patients. Prediction of cardiovascular toxicity (CT) is an important part of the successful treatment and survival of patients. Objective: to develop a risk score model for cardiovascular toxicity (CT) predicting, based on cardiovascular risk factors (RFs), RFs associated with cancer therapy, and troponin levels. Material and methods. The study included 76 BC patients with a prospective analysis of their clinical and treatment data, RFs, echocardiographic indicators before the start of treatment and after 6 months, and an increase in troponin level. Among all RFs, the most significant RFs of CT were: radiation therapy, treatment with anthracyclines, and cardiovascular diseases. Based on the obtained results, a combined CT risk score was developed and proposed. According to the sum of points, patients were divided into groups: group 1 – with a low risk of CT development, the sum of points ≤ 5; group 2 – moderate risk, 6–7 points; group 3 – high risk, ≥ 8 points. Results. In a pilot prospective study, an analysis of the RFs of CT was provided, compared to echocardiography data and the degree of troponin increase in dynamic observation; the risk score model for the CT prediction was developed for BC patients stratification. According to the developed score, BC patients with a total of ≥ 8 points are considered to have a high risk of CT complications. Conclusions. The use of the proposed risk model score with calculation of the RFs of CT along with high-sensitivity troponin increase during cancer treatment allows predicting the risk of CT developing at the early stages – before the onset of clinical manifestations. Accordingly, these BC patients have a high risk of CT, and the use of personalized cardiac monitoring together with cardioprotective therapy can prevent cardiovascular complications. Key words: breast cancer, cardiotoxicity, troponin, cardiac function, heart failure, prediction, risk score.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY VERSUS LYMPH NODE OBSERVATION IN MELANOMA PATIENTS
Authors:   Medical Chain «Dobrobut», Kukushkina M. , Korovin S. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Solodiannikova O. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Sukach G. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ostafiichuk V. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Dedkov S. ,   National Cancer Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Objective: evaluating the influence of sentinel lymph node biopsy without following completion lymph node dissection independent on sentinel lymph node status on the outcome in patients with skin melanoma. Materials and methods. Three hundred nine patients with a primary skin melanoma were randomly assigned to wide excision of the primary tumor and sentinel lymph node biopsy without following completion lymph-node dissection independent on sentinel lymph node status or to wide excision of skin melanoma. Low-dose interferon was administrated in the adjuvant setting. Results. 5-year disease-free survival rate was (85.1 ± 3.0) % in the wide excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy group and (78.4 ± 2.4) % in the wide excision group (hazard ratio, 0.69; p = 0.006). 5-year overall survival rates were similar in the two groups: (88.6 ± 3.0) % vs. (85.1 ± 2.4) %, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.97; p = 0.42. Conclusion. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with skin melanoma increases disease-free survival rate without influence on overall survival, confirming the diagnostic, not therapeutical, value of this procedure. Key words: melanoma, sentinel lymph node biopsy, survival.
CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA – FROM HOPELESSNESS TO SUCCESS IN TREATMENT THE EXPERIENCE OF THE NNCRM AND THE WORLD RECOGNITION OF THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF UKRAINIAN HEMATOLOGISTS
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Dyagil I. S.
Published: December 2023

Since 2001, the Department of Radiation OncoA hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation of the National Research Center for Radiation MediA cine, headed by MD, Dr Med. Sci., Prof. Iryna Dyagil carry on with the problem of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), which until 2000 was considered an incurable disease. Diagnosis and treatment were limited, and therefore the survival of such patients was only 3–5 years. In 2001, targeted drugs of tyroA sine kinase inhibitors were registered (TKI) in the world, and a rapid development in both diagnosis and treatment of this disease began. And already the first data showed impressive results of treatment, which allowed 85 % of patients with CML to survive, live and, having achieved a deep molecular remisA sion, be healthy.
COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF DEPRESSION IN VICTIMS OF RADIATION ACCIDENTS, THE COVID/19 PANDEMIC, AND WARS
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Otroshchenko N. Р.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the work is due to the significant increase in depression with cognitive disorders (CD) worldwide, and in Ukraine in particular, in victims of emergencies situations (ES), and the importance, but insufficient development of clinical and psychopathological aspects of medical and psychological-psychiatric care for this contingent of people. Despite the modern achievements of psychiatry in the study of depression in ES, an important problem is CD, which worsen the quality of life of patients, increase the risk of relapse, progressive course, and suicidal behavior. In order to improve the level of psychological and psychiatric care for depressed patients with CD in post-stress disorders by radiation accidents, the COVID-19 pandemic, and wars, the study of domestic and foreign literature on these disorders, which have both common features and certain differences, was conducted. Conclusions. The study confirms the significant prevalence of depression with CD in victims of radiation accidents, the COVID-19 pandemic, and wars, the insufficient development of clinical and psychopathological aspects and the need for further study of this problem, as well as the creation of state measures of psychological and psychiatric care for these patients. Key words: depression, cognitive disorders, radiation accidents, COVID-19 pandemic, wars, clinical and psychopathological features, diagnosis, treatment, psychological and psychiatric care.
O QUE DIZEM OS DISCURSOS OFICIAIS PROFERIDOS PELO EX-PRESIDENTE DO BRASIL, JAIR BOLSONARO, DURANTE O ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19 NO PAÍS
Authors: SILVA Thaís Ohanna de Oliveira , Rosana de Araujo Oliveira Sydia
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Em dezembro de 2019, na China, emergiu o novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), causador da pandemia da Covid-19, e, desde então, uma preocupante crise sanitária tem assolado o mundo. A pandemia decretada exigiu dos governantes uma resposta rápida e eficiente à disseminação da doença, de forma a evitar o adoecimento na sua forma mais grave e, consequentemente, muitas mortes. Objetivo: Analisar os discursos oficiais proferidos pelo ex-presidente do Brasil, Jair Bolsonaro, durante o enfrentamento da Covid-19 no país. Método: Foram identificados 13 discursos, os quais foram analisados utilizando-se como base o método da Análise de Conteúdo. Os dados foram organizados em 4 categorias empíricas. Resultados: O ex-presidente desestimulou a adoção de medidas sanitárias necessárias ao enfretamento da pandemia; priorizou a economia em detrimento da saúde; minimizou o impacto da doença e defendeu a volta ao estado de normalidade; criticou a atuação dos demais entes governamentais e se desresponsabilizou pelos efeitos negativos da pandemia; assim como promoveu o uso de medicamentos sem eficácia comprovada. Conclusão: Em meio a uma das maiores crises sanitárias já enfrentadas pelo país, a vida e a saúde do povo não foram prioridade.
PALABRAS-CHAVE:Covid-19. Pandemias. Cloroquina. Políticas Sanitárias. Discurso Público.
UMA PROPOSTA DE MENSURAÇÃO SENIANA DA POBREZA MULTIDIMENSIONAL NA CIDADE DO RECIFE
Authors: Melo Ielyson José Rodrigues de , Monteiro Costa Ana
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho apresenta um breve histórico acerca da pobreza, enfatizando o debate entre o seu caráter uni e multidimensional, com destaque à abordagem seniana, que trata o tema não como a privação de um determinado nível de renda, mas como a privação de capacitações, ou seja, da liberdade de ser e agir conforme se considere digno. Neste sentido, foram analisadas as questões socioeconômicas no Recife, onde foi possível observar uma desigualdade de renda extremamente elevada contrastando com um Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano médio-alto. Isso é explicado pela distância social existente entre algumas Unidades de Desenvolvimento Humano (UDHs), que estão bem próximas a de países de Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) alto, como a Noruega, e outras que estão mais próximas dos países de IDH mais baixo, como os mais pobres da África subsaariana. Dito isto, este trabalho teve como questão fundamental apresentar o método Alkire-Foster para medir a pobreza multidimensional no Recife. Essa proposta de operacionalização da abordagem das capacitações visa compreender as privações que a população recifense sofre e que não são captadas pela análise estritamente monetária. Para tanto, incorporam-se variáveis como educação, saúde, condições de habitação, etc, dando atenção à heterogeneidade existente entre os seres humanos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pobreza multidimensional. Abordagem seniana. Recife.Método Alkire-Foster.
ESCOLAS DE TEMPO INTEGRAL EM PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Barbosa Ingrid , Lima Ytalo , Maria Lima Rodrigues Cibele
Published: December 2023

O artigo discute a concepção curricular que está presente no Programa das Escolas de Referência de Pernambuco, cujo objetivo é a implantação de escolas de ensino médio em tempo integral. Ele abrange cerca de 40% (463) escolas da rede estadual. Como recurso metodológico foi realizado o levantamento bibliográfico que culminou na identificação e análise de doze trabalhos acadêmicos (teses e dissertações). Fizemos uma classificação que distingue entre perspectivas otimistas (funcionalistas e da teoria do capital humano) e abordagens críticas (marxistas). No primeiro grupo, elogiam o Programa pela gestão de resultados e por desenvolver competências dos indivíduos para se inserirem no mercado de trabalho, seguindo uma cultura empresarial. Por outro lado, os trabalhos marxistas apontam as contradições de uma formação que se diz integral, mas se restringe a contribuir com a reprodução do capitalismo.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação. Escola em tempo integral. Ensino Médio. Pernambuco.
NOTA EDITORIAL
Authors: Pessoa de Arruda Raposo Isabel , Maria Lima Rodrigues Cibele , Da Mota Távora Luciana Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

É com satisfação que encerramos o ano de 2023 com a publicação do segundo número da edição semestral da Revista Cadernos de Estudos Sociais. Essa edição, de fluxo contínuo, apresenta seis artigos de temáticas diversas das ciências sociais e humanidades. Com a valiosa ajuda dos pareceristas ad hoc e dos autores, conseguimos manter a revista atualizada e com um número crescente de submissões.
Managing the process of underground coal gasification
Authors: Saik P , Lozynskyi V , Anisimov O , Akimov O , Kozhantov A , Mamaykin O
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The research purpose is to determine the efficiency parameter of the coal gasification process based on the analysis of the composition of combustible gases (Н2, СН4, СО) and the producer gas calorific value, depending on the methods of supplying the blast mixtures to the gasifier oxidative zone. Methodology. A laboratory setup is used to perform experimental research into underground coal seam gasification. Its constituent segments are a stand, branches for supplying blast and gas-outlet mixtures, as well as a flow control system. This setup makes it possible to model the coal seam occurrence according to the mining-geological conditions of its occurrence. When determining the gasification process efficiency, two methods of supplying the blast mixture are tested: through a blast injection well and combined method (blast injection well + controlled pipeline). The generated producer gas calorific value has been determined analytically according to the “additivity rule”, taking into account the concentration of each combustible gas and its calorific value. Findings. The underground gasifier efficiency when changing the method of supplying the air mixture has been substantiated. Based on qualitative data on the concentration of combustible gasifier gases at the outlet of a modeled underground gasifier, conditions for increasing their concentration have been characterized and time intervals have been determined, through which their decrease occurs with increasing outgassed space. Originality. It has been revealed that the use of combined blast method in an underground gasifier causes a double supply of oxidizing agent to the gasification zone. This intensifies the gasification process by expanding the gasification reaction zones both along the length of the gasification column and along the seam thickness. Also, the combined method of supplying the blast mixture is characterized by improved thermal stability and gas formation parameters. Practical value. The research results make it possible to quickly make technological decisions for changing the operating modes of the underground gasifier, as well as determine the optimal method for supplying air mixtures, which improves the quality and calorific value of the producer gas. When changing the blast supply method to a combined method, the average concentration of Н2, СН4 and СО combustible gases increases by 3.85 %, and the calorific value increases by an average of 0.53 MJ/m3.
Recycling of barite ore tailings into porcelain: microstructure and dielectric properties
Authors: Djezairi O , Bouzidi A , Bouzidi N , Ayaden B , Benselhoub A
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To study the dielectric properties of porcelain obtained from a mixture of sand, kaolin, and feldspar. The latter has been partially substituted with solid barite wastes (SBWs). Methodology. The study involves preparation of porcelain using conventional solid-state reaction methods, employing two firing temperatures (1200 and 1300 °C) and a soaking time of 3 hours. SBWs are progressively added to the mixtures at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30 wt%, replacing feldspar content. Structural and dielectric characterizations are conducted to examine the influence of SBWs substitution on macroscopic dielectric properties. Microstructural observations reveal various crystalline phases and micropores, contributing to property effects. Following sintering at 1200 °C, primary mineralogical phases include mullite, anorthite, and quartz. At 1300 °C, the celsian phase emerges alongside anorthite and quartz phases. The technological attributes of the produced porcelain samples, encompassing dilatometric properties, apparent density, and porosity, are determined. Findings. Dielectric characterization, conducted within the frequency range of 102–105 Hz, demonstrates that the relative constant permittivity values rise from 4.3 to 7.4 for samples sintered at 1200 °C and from 5.1 to 9.9 for those fired at 1300 °C, specifically for samples containing 10 wt% SBWs. Additionally, the dielectric loss tangent decreases with increasing sintering temperature. The macroscopic permittivity of porcelains can be accurately calculated using a mixing rule, which aligns well with experimental results. Originality. The original contribution lies in the use of 10 wt% Solid Barite Wastes (SBWs) from the Boucaid mine in order to effectively create environmentally friendly porcelain insulators. The study showcases the potential of SBWs as a partial substitute, thus promoting sustainability in porcelain insulator production. Practical value. The results of this study hold practical significance for the ceramics and insulator manufacturing industries by providing insights into enhancing the dielectric properties of porcelain through the incorporation of SBWs. This approach contributes to the production of environmentally friendly insulators.
Efficiency and seismic safety of constructing underground structures in complex rock masses
Authors: Ishchenko O. K , Strilets O. P
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To develop new resource-saving method of underground construction and evaluate how effective it is, to set thresholds for safe seismic ground vibrations which accompany explosions during breaking in mine workings. Methodology. The work used method of analysing mining and geological conditions of workings, field surveys of rock conditions in face, experiments are conducted on rock samples taken from blasting sites, more detailed data are obtained on rock properties, type and direction of development of crack systems along the workings cross-section by funneling method and approved research methods in accordance with current State Standards. Findings. Research has been carried out to determine main features of physical and mechanical properties of rocks, fracture and tectonic structure of rock mass and development of fracture systems. According to the results of ejection funnel parameters, the anisotropy coefficient was calculated, and according to data on identification of crack systems and their density, fracture coefficient was calculated. The experimental data obtained were used to adjust rational distances between contour boreholes and along the entire cross-section of working face. Based on corrected drilling and blasting operations (DBO), experimental explosions were carried out in workings. It was established that the borehole utilisation rate (BUR) was 0.95–0.97, uniformity of rock mass crushing was achieved, and explosive material consumption was reduced by 10–15 %. Instrumental measurements of explosion impact in workings proved seismic ground vibrations at protected facilities amounted to 0.4 cm/s with a duration of 0.05 s, which did not exceed the State Standard. Originality. Optimal DBO parameters are substantiated based on changes in numerical parameters of anisotropy and fracture coefficient, as well as radius of fracture zone along the cross-section of working face. The idea of forming a shielding zone along the contour of workings with explosive charges having an elongated symmetrical cut was confirmed and technically implemented. Practical value. Laboratory and field research results are fundamental for designing borehole layouts along workings and refer to major initial data used to justify design parameters of blasting chart.
Mathematical models for determining and analyzing thermal regimes in mining industry mechanism structures
Authors: Havrysh V , Kolyasa L , Serdiuk P
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To develop linear and nonlinear mathematical models of heat conduction for isotropic heterogeneous media with internal heating. This will allow for an increased accuracy in determining temperature fields, which will subsequently impact the effectiveness of designing mechanisms, devices, and individual components of structures that have a layered structure and are subjected to heat stress. Methodology. For the development of linear and nonlinear mathematical models of the temperature field and the analysis of temperature regimes in layered media with internal thermal heating, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is described as a whole using asymmetric unit functions. This makes it possible to solve a differential equation with singular coefficients in both linear and nonlinear boundary value problems of heat conduction with appropriate boundary conditions. Findings. Quadratic equations are obtained to determine the analytical solutions of linear and nonlinear boundary problems of heat conduction for a layered plate with internal heat load. Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the given method of linearization of the nonlinear mathematical model of heat conduction and obtaining analytical solutions, in a closed form, of the corresponding linear and nonlinear boundary value problems for isotropic layered media subjected to internal heating. Practical value. The developed linear and nonlinear mathematical models for determining the temperature distribution in layered structures with internal heating make it possible to analyze heat exchange processes and ensure the thermal stability of such structures. This also makes it possible to increase the heat resistance of structures and protect them from overheating, which can lead to damage to individual components and elements of mechanisms, as well as to the entire structure as a whole. The resulting analytical solutions can be used to predict temperature fields in mine shafts, underground environments and mechanisms of mining equipment, in particular, in drilling and underground compressor stations, ventilation systems and other equipment, which improves work efficiency and reduces useful energy consumption.
Study of leakage current in underground mine power network: a case study in mining in Vietnam
Authors: Giang Nguyen Truong , Y Do Nhu , Khanh Nguyen Thac , Cuong Ngo Xuan
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To determine DC leakage current in mine power network with long DC power transmission. Methodology. Nowadays, the increase in capacity and working depth leads to the use of DC power transmission, which has many benefits both economically and technically in mining. However, the appearance of DC power transmission changes the structure of the network. In the underground mine power network, there will be electrical networks with industrial frequency 50 Hz, DC power networks, and power networks after variable frequency inverters. The correlation of these network parameters complicates leakage protection in the mine power network. For DC power transmission in mining, the DC network parts have a large length, so during the working process, electricity leakage in these parts of the network often occurs. Leakage current in a DC network depends not only on DC network parameters but also on AC network parameters. The article uses analytical methods and simulation methods on Matlab/Simulink software to determine leakage currents in underground mine power networks with DC transmission when there is a change in power network parameters. Findings. The research results show that the leakage current value of the DC network is greatly affected when the insulation parameters of the electrical network change, not only in the DC power network but also in the AC network before and after the inverter. This causes the unreliable operation of the leakage protection device in this DC transmission network. Originality. Calculation model and simulation of DC leakage current in underground mine power networks with long DC transmission in mining in Vietnam Practical value. The research results are the basis for calculating and selecting leakage protection equipment for the purpose of improving safety in underground mining in Vietnam.
Smart grid projects in the pan-European energy system
Authors: Kwilinski A , Kolosok S , Artyukhov A , Vakulenko I , Kovalenko Y
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To provide a comparative and comprehensive analysis of the smart grid projects funded by the H2020 ENERGY and FP7-ENERGY programs. Methodology. As part of the text analysis, the authors evaluated smart grid projects’ results in a sample using text mining methods. Based on statistical analysis and concept-based method, the most significant outcomes of smart grid projects were identified. Findings. A detailed review of the results shows that project teams of the H2020 ENERGY and FP7-ENERGY programs mostly relied on the existing experience which helped to form further development for standardization of tools, conduct planning, or derive specific management actions aimed at smart energy consumption. The majority of these solutions were applied for digitalizing small commercial consumers and for integrating isolated renewable sources in the most effective way. The projects considered the possibilities of electric vehicles used to solve environmental problems and balancing unstable electricity production from renewable sources with Li-ion stationary batteries, tools for effective interaction of users of smart grids, and integration of isolated renewable sources in centralized energy networks. Originality. Based on statistical and machine analysis, the most significant results of smart grid projects were identified. N‑grams of expressed keywords used in the texts of project results were used to present and visualize the textual description of smart grid projects. Practical value. The results might be helpful for the European policymakers and scientific advisers seeking to further promote and ameliorate the pan-European energy system.