bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rainfall analysis in relation to rice crop for Jaintia Hills district of Meghalaya
Authors: B. GOSWAMI  , O. P. SINGH  , K. K. SATAPATHI  , UDAY S. SAIKIA
Published: May 2022

The long term rainfall data for Sali rice season (June-November) of Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya has been analyzed to estimate expected weekly rainfall at various probability levels. Based on expected rainfall at 50 and 75% probability levels and water requirement, a crop calendar for Sali rice has been prepared for the district. The calendar is assumed to be applicable for the whole district irrespective of terrain differences as rice is mostly grown in comparatively plain lands in bunded condition. 22nd to 24th meteorological weeks have been suggested best for sowing/transplanting to avoid any kind of water stress during the critical growth periods. Amount of water required to maintain at least 5 cm of standing water in the field up to the dough stage has also been clacilated.
Rainfall analysis and crop planning in lower Shiwalik foothills of Punjab
Authors: PARVENDER SHEORAN  , SOM PAL SINGH  , VIRENDRA SARDANA
Published: May 2022

Daily rainfall data of 21 years (1984-2004) recorded at RRSKA, Ballowal Saunkhri, District Nawanshahr, Punjab was examined for long term averages of annual, seasonal, monthly and weekly rainfall and its temporal variability. Coefficient of variation of 27.1 per cent indicated that the annual rainfall was more or less stable over the years. The season-wise per cent contribution to annual rainfall was 7.2, 13.2 and 79.6 per cent of summer, rabi and kharif seasons, respectively. With in the rainy season, August was the highest rainfall contributing month (35.8%) followed by July (35.4%). Mean weekly precipitation amount and its assurance reaches the peak (>50 mm/week) during 27th SMW to 36th SMW and again declined thereafter. The earliest onset of rainy season occurred in 24th SMW. Thenormal onset of rainy season was observed as 26th SMW with CV of 5.2 per cent. There is an ample scope for rain water harvesting from July to September which can be utilized as crop saving irrigation as well as pre-sowing irrigation for succeeding rabi crops which are generally sown on residual soil moisture.
Rainfall distribution pattern and crop planning at Pusa in Bihar
Authors: K. A. SINGH  , A. K. SIKKA  , SUCHIT K. RAI
Published: May 2022

Daily rainfall data of fifty two years (1952-2004) have been analyzed for establishing the long term averages of weekly, monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall and its variability. The annual rainfall at Pusa was 1222.3 mm and coefficient of variability indicated that rainfall was more or less stable over the years. Monthly rainfall had unimodel peak, July receives maximum rainfall of 331 mm followed by August (298.5 mm). The stable rainfall period was of 9 weeks, which spread over 27 to 37th standard meteorological weeks (SMW) except 32nd and 34th SMW. The average duration of rainy season is from 26 to 40th SMW. The initial and conditional probability of receiving 10 mm and 20mm weekly rainfall revealed that dependable rainfall occurs between 25 to 37th weeks. At 75% probability level rainfall of 9.5 mm can be expected to occur during 25th week. These pre-monsoon rains at 75 % probability level can be utilized for seedbed preparation for raising rice seedlings. Since, at 50% probability level, rainfall during 22 to 24th SMW ranges from 8.8 to 13.8 mm, thus summer crops (cowpea, black gram, green gram, maize and direct sown rice etc) could also be grown successfully in this region with supplemental irrigation.
Heat unit requirements for phenophases of wheat genotypes as influenced by sowing dates
Authors: A. K. SINGH  , P. T  , SHABD
Published: May 2022

A field experiment was carried out during winter season of 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 on the silty loam soil at Faizabad (U.P.) with three wheat genotypes viz, HUW-234, HD-2285 and HP-1633 sown at three different times viz., 5 November, 20 November and 5 December to assess the Heat unit requirements for phenophases of wheat genotypes as influenced by sowing dates. Results revealed that wheat sown on 5 November and 20 November recorded higher accumulated GDD, Heliothermal units, photothermal units and phenothermal index at all the phenopheses over sowing done on December 5th in which higher yield of wheat. Higher thermal units under 5 November and 20 November sowing were not found conducive for a better yield of wheat crop. Lesser value of cumulative PTI during crop period produces higher grain yield in December 5th sowing.
Rainfall probability analysis using Markovchain model in Sabour region of Bihar
Authors: P. K. SINGH  , L. S. RATHORE  , K.K. SINGH  , A. K. GUPTA  , A. K. BAXLA  , B. ATHIYAMAN
Published: May 2022

Rainfall during monsoon season and its variability govern the cropping system in the Sabour region. Long-term rainfall data is used to analyse the probability of occurrence of deficit /normal /excess rainfall for better crop planning in the region.

During the 30 years (1972-01) there were about 13 per-cent drought, 10 per-cent flood and 77 percent normal years. Among drought years southwest monsoon rainfall was the lowest (646 mm) in 1977. Seed sowing in paddy nursery in the Sabour region generally takes place immediately after onset of monsoon rains during 23-25 standard meteorological weeks and transplanting is carried out around 27th or 28th standard week. The tillering, 50 per-cent flowering and dough stage are observed during 32-33rd, 37-38th and 40-41st standard weeks respectively.
Sensitivity of wheat crop to projected climate change in non-traditional areas
Authors: GOPAL KUMAR  , R. S. KUROTHE  , D. R. SENA  , A. K. VISHWAKARMA  , M. MADHU  , B. K. RAO  , K. P. TRIPATHI  , ANURANJAN
Published: May 2022

An attempt has been made to quantify the effect of projected climate change on wheat production in nontraditional wheat areas comprising states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan that contribute about 20 per cent of national wheat production. InfoCrop model was calibrated and validated using research farm data of Vasad, District Anand (Central Gujarat) and were used for climate change impact study using PRECIS downscaled, weather data of baseline period (1961-1990) and A2a scenario for projected period (2071-2100). Different crop management were tried for simulation in order to identifying adaptation options. Average annual maximum temperature for the projected period is likely to be higher than the base period by 3.96°C with maximum of 5.78°C for November and minimum 2.44°C for May. Similarly, the average minimum temperature is likely to rise by 4.36 °C with maximum increase of 5.94°C during December and minimum rise of 2.76°C during July. Average annual rainfall for central Gujarat region is likely to increase by 36 percent.

Under irrigated condition, each degree rise in average temperature over crop growing period will take toll of 3.02 q of wheat in already low yield area, similarly under restricted managements conditions one degree rise in temperature will reduce yield by about 2.0 q ha-1 under restricted irrigation management conditions. Further already short crop duration (100-105 days) is likely to further shorten by 15 to 20 days under projected climatic condition for A2a scenario. None of the management practices like shifting in sowing date, number of irrigation and amount of nitrogen tried for adaptation options was found beneficial and in all cases there was substantial yield loss.
Evaluation of CANEGRO Sugarcane model in East Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: K.K. SINGH  , R.K. MALL  , R.S. SINGH  , A. K. SRIVASTAVA
Published: May 2022

The sugarcane crop growth simulation model was calibrated and validated in Eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP) region of Indo-Gangetic Plains of India using 12 years field experiment data conducted in several places. The results reveal that the CANEGRO Sugarcane model satisfactorily simulated the potential growth and yield of sugarcane crop. The model simulates the stalk height, stalk fresh mass and sucrose yield within ±15 % of range in comparison to the observed values. Therefore the validated CANEGRO Sugarcane model can be further used for applications such as prediction of crop growth, phenology, water management, potential and actual yields, performance of sugarcane under climate variability and change scenarios etc. The model may also be used to improve and evaluate the current practices of sugarcane growth management to achieve enhanced cane production and sugar recovery.
Temperature trends in different regions of India
Authors: A.V.M. SUBBA RAO  , P. SANTHI BHUSAN CHOWDARY  , N. MANIKANDAN  , G.G.S.N. RAO  , V.U.M. RAO  , Y.S. RAMAKRISHNA
Published: May 2022

Time series analysis of annual mean, maximum and minimum temperature revealed of 47 stations spread acress different regions in India revealed the increasing trend in maximum temperature, lowest in 20 per cent stations in north zone and highest in 75 percent of the stations in south zone. On the other hand, increase in minimum temperature is observed in above 60 per cent of stations over all zones of India. Same trend is noticed in average temperature trend except in north zone where 45 per cent of stations have shown increasing trend.
Evaluation of LARS-WG for generating long term data for assessment of climate change impact in Bihar
Authors: A. ABDUL HARIS  , M. A. KHAN  , VANDANA CHHABRA  , SANDEEP BISWAS  , ARVIND PRATAP
Published: May 2022

Long term weather data is requisite to drive physically based hydrological and crop growth models to assess climate change impacts. However, lack of sufficient historical weather data many a times restrict use of these models. Realization of above facts has resulted in development of a range of weather generators such as WGEN, CLIGEN, ClimGen and LARS-WG. Any generator must be tested to ensure that the data that it produces is satisfactory for the purposes for which it is to be used. The aim of this paper is to test a commonly used weather generator, LARSWG (version 4.0) at three sites at Bihar. Statistical test were conducted, including t-test and Ftest, to compare the differences between generated weather data versus 30 years observed weather data. In recent years the weather generators have also been employed to construct climate change scenarios for impact assessment. The results showed that the generated weather series was similar to the observed data for its distribution of monthly precipitation and its variances, monthly means and variance of minimum and maximum air temperatures.
Forecasting models for seasonal rainfall for different regions of Gujarat
Authors: M. C. VARSHNEYA  , S. S. CHINCHORKAR  , V. B. VAIDYA  , VYAS PANDEY
Published: May 2022

The large spatial variability in monsoon rainfall over India demands for regional models for predicting the seasonal rainfall. Hence, models were developed for predicting seasonal (June-September) rainfall of three regions (north, middle and south) of Gujarat using multiple regression technique. The monthly weather data of 30 years of Anand (1980-2009), 22 years (1987-2009) of Navsari and 27 years (1983-2009) of SK Nagar were used. The models were validated with independent data set of four year (2006-2009). The best models were selected based on higher R2 and lower model error. Four models were obtained; 2 for Anand (middle Gujarat) and one each for SK Nagar (north Gujarat) and Navsari (south Gujarat). Different models explained 74 to 93% variability in seasonal rainfall with models error ranging between -2.5 to 5.1%. During the validation period the performance of model was quite satisfactory with model error rainging between -12.6 to 2.6%. All the models were used to predict the rainfall for 2010 season. Results suggested that the rainfall would be higher than the normal rainfall in all the three regions. Navsari (south Gujarat) is expected to receive 1529.0 mm (14.5% higher than the normal), Anand (middle Gujarat) is expected to get 1294.0 to 1363.0 mm (62-71% higher) and SK Nagar (north Gujarat) is expected to receive 770.0 mm (40% above normal) rainfall during June to September period of year 2010.
Micro-level spatial variability and temporal trends in reference evapotranspiration (ETo) at a semi-arid tropical station
Authors: N. N. SRIVASTAVA  , V.U.M. RAO  , G. R. KORWAR  , B. VENKATESWARLU
Published: May 2022

Micro-level spatial variability and temporal trends in annual and seasonal (weeks 23-39) reference evapotranspiration (ETo) were analyzed across three locations in Hyderabad. The mean ETo was highest (1694.2 mm) at ICRISAT and lowest (1489.0 mm) at Rajendranagar. It was 1555.7 mm at Hayathnagar. The coefficient of variability (C.V.) ranged between 6.8 to 8.7 % for annual and 8.3 to 12.3 % for seasonal ETo. The non-parametric (Mann-Kendall’s ‘ô’) test showed significant decreasing trend across all three locations in Hyderabad on annual as well as on seasonal ETo basis. Parametric ‘t’ test confirmed this as it brought out that the difference in mean reference evapotranspiration during 1975-1992 and 1993-2009 were highly significant (P=0.01) on annual basis and significant (P=0.05) on seasonal basis. The ETo on an average decreased between 9-10 mm per annum on yearly basis and between 1.9 to 3.1 mm per annum on seasonal basis during the period of analysis (1975-2009) at these three locations. The trends in governing weather parameters were also analyzed. The wind speed was the major parameter that showed significant decreasing trend both on annual and seasonal basis. Sunshine hours also showed significant decreasing trend on annual basis across all locations.
Sensitivity of CERES-Rice model to different environmental parameters on the productivity of aromatic rice in middle Gujarat
Authors: MOHAMMAD SHAMIM  , A.M. SHEKH  , VYAS PANDEY  , H. R. PATEL  , M. M. LUNAGARIA
Published: May 2022

The present investigation was carried out during kharif season of 2007 and 2008 to develop genetic coefficients of four different genotypes of aromatic rice (cv. Pankhali, Narmada, GR-104 and Pusa Basmati-1) transplanted on three different dates viz., D1 (8th July), D2 (22nd July) and D3 (8th August). The sensitivity analysis of CERES-Rice model with respect to different scenarios of duration of photoperiods, solar radiation, CO2 concentration, maximum and minimum temperatures were carried out. The simulated grain yield increased linearly with incremental unit increase in day length, solar radiation, reduction of maximum temperature and vice versa. Simulated grain yields increased up to 27.9% under elevated scenarios of CO2 from 380 to 410 ppm by the model. Large yield reductions were observed on decreasing plant population. However, model did not show any significant change due to increase in the plant population. The model was found enough sensitive to account for the effects of transplant age of seedlings on simulated grain yield in comparison with the base yield.
Effect of thermal stress on wheat productivity in West Bengal
Authors: M. PARYA  , R. NATH  , D. MAZUMDER  , P.K. CHAKRABORTY
Published: May 2022

An experiment was carried out during winter seasons of 2005-06, 2006-07 and 2007-08 at the Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India with five wheat varieties (PBW 343, HD2733, HW 2045, PBW533 and K9107) on three dates of sowing (18th November, 3rd December and 18th December) in a split plot design, keeping dates of sowing in the main plot and varieties in the subplot with the objective to find out the effect of temperature change on the duration of different phenophases of wheat crop and its productivity. The phenophases (CRI, tillering, flowering and milk) were delineated and the duration of exposure of the crop to higher maximum and minimum temperature than the normal and extent of high temperature were worked out. The 18th November sown crop had to tolerate a higher maximum and minimum temperature than their normal to the tune of 2o and 3.5oC respectively. When the sowing was delayed the crop was exposed to more maximum and minimum temperature than the earlier sown crops. On second date, the crop had to tolerate a 3.9 and 5.3oC more maximum and minimum temperatures than their normal values. The December sown crop was also exposed to higher maximum and minimum temperature than the normal values. Ear weight at the milk stage could be significantly explained through the variation in cumulative maximum as well as minimum temperatures at the flowering stage. The cumulative maximum temperature (as predictor) explained 20% variation in ear weight at the milk stage whereas 15% variation was explained through the cumulative minimum temperature for the same phenophase. The cumulative minimum temperature at the flowering stage explained 20% variation in LAI significantly.
Utilization of high resolution short range weather forecast for agro advisory services
Authors: A.V.M. SUBBA RAO  , T. SATYANARAYANA  , G.G.S.N. RAO  , V.U.M. RAO  , V. BHASKARA RAO  , N. MANIKANDAN  , P. SANTHI BHUSAN CHOWDARY  , V. RAVIKUMAR  , Y.S. RAMAKRISHNA
Published: May 2022

Agriculture is heavily weather dependent in India. The economy of the country is largely synchronized to the success of agriculture every year, as it contributes nearly 25% to gross domestic product (GDP). Farming community, planners and line department people always look forward to the accurate forecast from the weather men for decision making process in the event of natural disturbances. The district level agro advisories provided by IMD using medium range forecast (3-10 days) are good but covering large area. The advent of mesoscale model (Mesoscale Model (MM5) & Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) etc) with high resolution (available at 9×9 sq km or below) enable the weathermen to give forecasts at village level and also location specific. This requires verification before value addition to it. Mesoscale model forecast data at 9×9 sq km grid have been generated by Department of meteorology and oceanography, Andhra University was collected for verification over Andhra Padesh.The verification skill scores, ratio scores, correlation coefficient and RMSE have been analyzed. Majority of the stations are showing good correlation for maximum and minimum temperature and relative humidity, where as rainfall forecast have desirable skill scores for most of the stations.
Modulation of wild marigold (Tagetes minuta L.) phenophases towards the varying temperature regimes – a field study
Authors: RAKESH KUMAR  , K. RAMESH  , R. D. SINGH  , RAJENDRA PRASAD
Published: May 2022

Field experiments were conducted during 2007 and 2008 at experimental farm of Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, (CSIR) Palampur (HP), India to study the performance of wild marigold (Tagetes minuta) under changing temperature regimes over the crop growth period. The established agroclimatic indices for temperature studied elsewhere in the domain viz., relative temperature disparity (RTD), growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU) were computed for different varied dates of sowing the crop. Distinct changes in weather parameters concomitant to different sowing time consequently caused significant variation in the performance of the crop. The results indicated that the early sown crop had longest crop span (224 days) than the late sown crop (102 days), from sowing to harvesting. The mean GDD accumulation from sowing to harvest ranged from 1378 to 2518°C days HTU from 6781 to 15706°C days hour and PTU from 17400 to 33052°C days hour. Total biomass, and content and yield of essential oil were correlated with different heat units calculated during the crop growth seasons. All the agroclimatic indices had positive correlations with biomass, oil content and oil yield. Thus, these indices seem to be effective in taking into account and expressing the effect of varying ambient temperature on the duration between the phenological events for comparing the crop response to the ambient temperature between different phenological stages.
Progress and severity of early blight of tomato in relation to weather variables in Jammu province
Authors: VISHAL GUPTA  , V.K. RAZDAN  , SATISH SHARMA  , KAUSAR FATIMA
Published: May 2022

Early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani is an economically important disease in all the tomato growing areas worldwide. The effect of weather variables on the per cent disease intensity(PDI) index of early blight were analyzed during the early summer season of five consecutive years from 2013 to 2017. The disease invariably appeared in the 12thStandard Meteorological Week (SMW) and had steep progression throughout the cropping period. Maximum and minimum temperatures had significantly positive correlation, whereas, maximum and minimum relative humidity along with rainfall had significantly negative correlation with the PDI of early blight of tomato. The model developed by stepwise regression explained that 83per cent variation in the PDI of the disease was due to maximum temperature. The model developed based on the data collected during the studies can be used for predicting the appearance of early blight of tomato, thereby helping in the adoption of timely management measures.
Effect of meteorological variables on powdery mildew intensity of ber at Rahuri, Maharashtra
Authors: P.E. MORE  , A.R. WALUNJ  , S.B. DEORE  , V.R. JOSHI
Published: May 2022

Oidium erysiphoides f. sp. ziziphi is one of the most important causal organism of ber powdery mildew disease and is accountable for yield losses. An environmental factor plays important role in occurrence, prevalence and intensity of powdery mildew. Hence, this experiment was conducted to correlate the environmental factors considering as independent variables with powdery mildew disease intensity of ber as dependent variable at All India Coordinated Research Project in Arid Zone Fruits, MPKV., Rahuri during 20018-19 to 2019-20 for development of weather based model to predict the incidence and spread of disease. Data on dependent and independent variables was collected at regular weekly interval. The result indicated that, highly significant and positive correlation of disease intensity with minimum temperature, morning humidity and wind velocity was observed at 1 per cent level of significance. While, highly significant negative correlation of disease intensity with sunshine hours was observed at 1 per cent level of significance. Significant positive correlation of disease severity with evening humidity was observed at 5 per cent level of significance. While, negative correlation of disease intensity with rainfall, number of rainy days, evaporation and maximum temperature observed but they are non-significance.
The Effect of Final Sanctions to Increase MSME Taxpayer Compliance in The City of Jambi
Authors: Arisondha Edy
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of fines on the level of compliance of MSME taxpayers with a case study for the city of Jambi. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires containing questions related to the variables studied, only 90 respondents were sampled from all MSME actors in Jambi. The data is then analyzed using a simple regression method, from the results of the analysis it is known that the significance value of fines is 0.044 less than 0.05, which means that fines can affect the level of compliance of MSME taxpayers in the city of Jambi. This research is still limited by using only the variable of penalties for measuring the level of taxpayer compliance, so it is recommended for further research to examine other variables that can affect the level of taxpayer compliance.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 3 TONGAUNA
Authors: Salmawati Salmawati
Published: May 2022

Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Tongauna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui data motivasi belajar peserta didik, untuk mengetahui data hasil belajar matematika, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar dalam pembelajaran daring terhadap hasil belajar matematika peserta didik di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Tongauna. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Expost Facto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik SMP Negeri 3 Tongauna yang terdiri dari 156 peserta didik tahun ajaran 2021/2022 semester ganjil. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik purposive sampling, teknik purposive sampling adalah suatu teknik penentuan dan pengambilan sampel yang ditentukan oleh peneliti dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengisian angket motivasi belajar dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaan regresi ???? = 21,17 + 0,30????, dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 13,78% dan ditentukan oleh faktor lain sebesar 86,22%, dan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa motivasi belajar dalam pembelajaran daring berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar matematika.
PENGARUH ETOS KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kurniawan Indra , Ali Alam Iskandar
Published: May 2022

OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) adalah suatu lembaga independent yang memiliki tugas, wewenang untuk melakukan pemeriksaan serta penyidikan. Etos kerja pegawai OJK memengaruhi suatu organisasi karena etos kerja dan disiplin kerja yang luar biasa berperan penting untuk mencapai tujuan suatu organisasi tersebut. Penelitian yang kami lakukan ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh etos kerja dan disiplin kerja pada kinerja pegawai pada Kantor OJK Provinsi Lampung. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai kantor OJK Provinsi Lampung, sebanyak 54 orang pegawai. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Kami melakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan regresi linier berganda. Hasilnya adalah ada pengaruh dari etos kerja dan disiplin kerja pada kinerja pada pegawai di kantor OJK Provinsi Lampung.
PENGAWASAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN NEGARA TERHADAP BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (BUMN)
Authors: Asri Putri Tiyas , Herning Sitabuana Tundjung
Published: May 2022

Problematika utama dalam pengelolaan BUMN yaitu berkaitan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur terkait BUMN itu sendiri. Problematika tersebut yaitu adanya disharmonisasi antar peraturan perundangundangan terkait pola pengawasan pada BUMN tersebut, utamanya pada pengelolaan keuangan. Namun, permasalahan tumpang tindihnya peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut, tidak dapat dilakukan upaya uji materi (judicial review) ke Mahkamah Konstitusi. Karena apabila BUMN dikelola dengan berpedoman pada prinsip-prinsip perusahaan yang sehat, maka artinya secara hukum privat berlaku pula ketentuan pada Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas (selanjutnya disebut Undang-Undang PT). “bagian dari keuangan publik, di mana dalam praktiknya akan merugikan kedudukan hukum BUMN selaku badan hukum privat karena tidak adanya perbedaan secara tegas mana badan hukum publik dan badan hukum perdata yang menjadi bagian ruang lingkup kewenangan Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan. Setiap badan hukum yang berbentuk perusahaan dipastikan terdapat alat perlengkapan yaitu pengawasan. Pengawasan dilaksanakan sebagai kontrol pekerjaan seorang direksi yang mempunyai tugas mengurus perusahaannya. Seperti kita ketahui bahwa seluruh kegiatan perusahaan di pegang oleh seorang direksi. Tujuan dari Negara itu sendiri untuk menegakkan aturan hukum yang memilki kemaslahatn untuk rakyat serta menintik beratkan kepada penegkakkan hukum. Pemerintah sebagai amanat atau kepercayaan dari masyarakat kepada pemerintah agar menetapkan hukum atau peraturan yang bertujuan menciptakan kemaslahatan di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Dengan ini menggunakan metode penelitian pendekatan yuridis-empiris. Metode penelitian ialah “suatu cara untuk menemukan jawaban akan sesuatu hal. Cara penemuan jawaban tersebut sudah tersusun dalam langkah langkah tertentu yang terurut dan sistematis. Untuk menganalisis penanggulangan sengketa dalam Pengawasan Pengelolaan Keuangan Negara di Indonesia.
Nonpre-Emptive Integer Nonlinear Goal Programming Model for Multi-Item Inventory Problem: Case Study of a Car Retail Centre in Lagos State.
Authors: Ogunleye Temitope , Mogbojuri Akinlo , Adeyeye Ademola
Published: May 2022

Most of the real-world optimization problems involve multiple objectives with constraint resources. Retailers oftentimes anticipate demand, they stock, and maintain warehouses with different variety of products at high cost to meet prospecting customers' demand. In this paper, a Non-preemptive Integer Nonlinear Goal Programming (NINGP) model was developed for obtaining Economic Order Quantities (EOQ) of multi-item inventory problems that satisfy the multiple and conflicting objectives of the Decision Maker (DM). The particular case considered was that of a motor vehicle dealer who sells 10 brands of Tokunbo vehicles and wants to determine the EOQ for each brand such that the deviations from the aspiration level are minimized. Using LINGO 17.0 Software to solve the NINGP model, the EOQ allocated to each brand type from 1 through 10 are 2, 2, 5, 2, 2, 3 3, 3, 3, and 3 cars respectively. The optimal number of cars was 28 with the associated cost of ₦53,825,915. Compared to the estimated budget of ₦60,000,000, the NINGP approach was able to achieve a 10% (₦6,174,085) below budget. With proper modifications considering the associated constraints, related inventory problems can be solved using the NINGP model.
Investigation of Direct Microscopy and Indirect Hemagglutination Test Results in the Diagnosis of Echinococcus Granulosus in Selçuk University Hospital
Authors: Macin Salih , Samadzade Rugiyya
Published: May 2022

Objective: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease in humans and herbivorous animals caused by cestods of the genus Echinococcus. Humans are incidental hosts in the infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The aim of this study is to retrospectively investigate the direct microscopy and seropositivity of patients diagnosed with CE.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2017 and January 2021, cyst fluid and serum samples from 55 patients were sent to the Parasitology Laboratory from various units of the hospital. Cyst fluid samples were examined microscopically after condensation. Specimens showing hooks or protoscolex on microscopy have been reported as positive. Serum samples of the patients were investigated for cystic echinococcosis by indirect hemagglutination test (IHA).Those with a titer of ≥160 were considered positive.
Results: Twenty two (40%) cyst specimens with hooks or protoscolex on direct microscopy were reported as positive. Of the patients included in the study, 38 (69.1%) were male and 17 (30.9%) were female. Both direct microscopy and IHA test were studied from 30 patients. In terms of CE, the serum of 17 (56.6%) patients was found to be seropositive. In addition, both direct microscopy and IHA results of 8 (36.3%) patients were found to be positive.
Conclusion: Although CE is quite common in Turkey, it is highly neglected because it usually does not cause symptoms for years and is not reported frequently even though it is mandatory. For this reason, since the clinical findings of CE, which is still an important public health problem in our region, can be confused with other system pathologies, it would be useful to evaluate clinical, radiological, serological and biochemical findings together in the diagnosis.
Epidemiological Indicators of the State of Cystic Echinococcosis in Republic of Bulgaria for the Period 2011-2020
Authors: Rainova Iskra , Harizanov Rumen , Tsvetkova Nina , Kaftandjiev Iskren , Enikova Raina , Ivanova Aleksandra , Videnova Mihaela , Kaneva Eleonora , Mikov Ognyan
Published: May 2022

Objective: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most severe parasitoses, which leads to prolonged disability, frequent recurrences, and even to death. In Bulgaria it is one of the most frequently registered and severe helminthic infection..
The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiological indicators as morbidity, mortality and lethality from CE in Bulgaria for the period 2011-2020, as well as a comparative analysis of morbidity in the country with that of other EU member states.
Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of confirmed cases of CE, as well as of the deceased from this parasitic disease. Data from several sources were used - the annual analyzes of parasitic morbidity in the country, prepared by the NCIPD, as well as information from the National Center for Public Health and Analysis and the National Statistical Institute.
Statistical methods were used to calculate morbidity and mortality rates
Results: From 2011 to 2020, a total of 2626 cases of CE are registered in Bulgaria (95% Confidence Interval: 263 ± 3.16), with an average incidence for the period of 3.7%₀₀₀ (95% CI: 3.65 ± 0.357). The registered primary cases are 2336 (95% CI: 233.6 ± 3.03) in total and 290 (95% CI: 29 ± 1.04) are recurrences. Cystic echinococcosis is comparatively more prevalent in women than in men, respectively 1397 (95% CI: 139.7 ± 2.39) and 1229 (95% CI: 122.9 ± 2.14) registered cases for the period and for morbidity values are 3,7%₀₀₀ (95% CI: 3.71 ± 0.36) to 3,5%₀₀₀ (95% CI: 3.53 ± 0.343). The most affected is the age group 20–59 years, i.e. people of active working age. The number of affected children aged 1 to 19 (509 cases) is relatively high, which indicates an active transmission of the parasite. During the studied period deceased patients due to echinococcosis are 65 of whom 38 men and 27 women. The average mortality and the lethality are respectively 0.09%₀₀₀ (95% CI: 0.09 ± 0.103) and 2.49% (95% CI: 2.49 ± 0.405).
Conclusion: The results show a reduction in examined indicators regarding cystic echinococcosis compared to data for the 1990s and the studied from us period, but these values are still higher than the established EU averages.
Effectiveness of ADC histogram analysis in the diagnosis of focal liver lesions; is a contrast agent necessary?
Authors: TANYERI Ahmet , CILDAG Mehmet Burak , KOSEOGLU Omer Faruk Kutsi
Published: May 2022

Objective: The diagnostic success of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis in focal liver lesions, and the effects
of quantitative data added to contrast-enhanced abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the diagnostic accuracy were
investigated.
Materials and Methods: The conventional MRI findings of 524 lesions in total were retrospectively examined. Contrast enhancement
kinetics and ADC values for each lesion were found through an image analysis software.
Results: Three hundred and fifty (67%) of the lesions were diagnosed as benign and 174 (33%) as malignant. Statistically significant
difference was found between the benign and malignant lesion groups in terms of the minimum, maximum and mean ADC values
(p<0.001). When optimal thresholds for minimum, maximum and mean ADC were taken as 1.47x10-3mm2/s; 1.85x10-3mm2/s;
1.72x10-3mm2/s respectively, sensitivity was found to be 97%; 83%; 95%, specificity was 100%; 98%; 99%, NPV was 100%; 99%;
99%, and PPV was 93%; 74%; 90%. ADC values added to MRI increased the diagnostic success for metastases (92%→96%), HCC
(63%→73%), hemangioma (90%→99%) and FNH (56%→75%).
Conclusion: ADC measurement could not show reasonable success in the diagnosis of specific lesions while being successful in the
differentiation of benign and malignant lesions. Minimum ADC is more successful than mean and maximum ADC. A non-contrastenhanced
MRI protocol based on the ADC measurement applicable to the selected patient group may be helpful.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON INDIAN FIRMS
Authors: Mishra Kartikey
Published: May 2022

In this world of digitization, Social Media Marketing is a vogue that is sweeping across the whole world. The trend of Social Media Marketing is growing day by day with the concepts of Internet marketing which is turning into an important platform for Social Media Marketing. Companies incorporating innovative Social Media Marketing techniques have created a niche market. In fact, social media is now seen as one of the main conventional forms of marketing. Social Media Marketing is going to be top on the agenda of many marketers, and they might be looking for innovative ways to market online, reduce cost per lead, increase click-through rates and conversion rates, and discover what’s hot in Social Media Marketing.
Face identification for Law Enforcement
Authors: Aher Kshitija
Published: May 2022

We all recognize that face detection is a sort of synthetic intelligence (AI) era that has grow to be an imperative a part of our normal lives, with results on nearly each element of our lives. In diverse fields, there may be a want for better accuracy and better pace for detection and popularity. However, the accuracy of the identity isn't always precisely dependable in lots of cases. In this paper we gift a incredibly correct face popularity version the use of OpenCV and dlib libraries. One of the very best methods to become aware of someone's individuality is to examine their face. Face popularity is a machine for figuring out someone with the aid of using the use of private traits of the person. An individual's face is diagnosed with the aid of using a system such as phases, specifically face detection, in which this system happens in no time in humans, besides in situations in which the item could be very near with the aid of using, and the introduction, which identifies a face as a unmarried individual. Here, we've additionally mentioned approximately detecting faces in a video frame. The most important difficulty in identity and popularity of faces is the storage, on this paper we've additionally addressed that problem with the aid of using handiest storing the facial capabilities in place of storing faces directly. Key words – dlib, face detection, artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, CNN.
REAL-TIME MULTIPLE OBJECT DETECTION AND TRACKING
Authors: Sikarwar Prerna
Published: May 2022

In many computer vision applications, such as surveillance, vehicle navigation, and autonomous robot navigation, object recognition and tracking are critical and difficult problems. One of the flow testing research subjects in PC vision is video observation in a powerful climate, particularly for people and cars. It is a critical innovation in the fight against illegal intimidation, crime, public safety, and effective traffic control. The endeavour entails developing an effective video surveillance system for use in complex contexts. Detecting moving things from a video is critical for object identification and target tracking in video surveillance. The detection of moving objects in video streams is the first significant phase of information, and background subtraction is a common method for foreground segmentation. Due to an increased demand for such systems in public spaces such as airports, subway stations, and mass events, intelligent and automated security surveillance systems have been an important study topic in recent years. In this context, one of the most significant needs for surveillance systems based on the tracking of abandoned, stolen, or parked vehicles is the tracking of fixed foreground regions. Because they work reasonably well when the camera is stationary and the change in ambient lighting is gradual, object tracking-based techniques are the most popular choice for detecting stationary foreground objects. They are also the most popular choice for separating foreground objects from the current frame.
Situational awareness and risk assessment during armed conflict using ceaseless video monitoring via IoMT
Authors: Swathi Dr. N
Published: May 2022

The project proposes to implement smart warfare techniques by analyzing the data obtained to diminish real-time combat consequences. An improvised system can be accomplished which can monitor the vicinity of the warzone through continuous video recording for actionable intelligence, And this system also involves sensors to examine the health condition of the soldier that will allow us to take appropriate action by sending an alarm to the nearest teams if the sensor outcomes are beyond the expected threshold. The ultimate aim of the project is to achieve an interface that can assess the risk and send much- needed data to the armed forces to plan accordingly. This approach can be attained by using IoMT (Internet of Military Things), Sensors like Temperature sensor, Heartbeat sensor, Arduino UNO, Global Positioning System(GPS) for coordinates, GSM for emergency SOS, Switches, Buzzer, Camera for live monitoring, and a Max232 module for serial communication which are all embedded into a garment. This kind of strategic approach can be helped for defense application purposes so that the army does not have to encounter unforeseen circumstances.
CRM APPLICATION FOR TEXTILE INDUSTRY WITH WORKFLOW AND LEAVE REQUEST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Paul Roy Dr.A.Thomas
Published: May 2022

The purpose of our project is to develop a web based application to create a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Application with workflow and leave request management for Textile industry. CRM is very important for small scale industries and business sectors. We provide CRM application with workflow management to small scale organization (Textile industry) with the additional features such as maintaining orders and managing leave requests. CRM plays a vital role in communication of information within the members of organization and outside the organization. Small scale business organizations are interested to do their business online so they are interested to use the CRM, but existing CRM provides some unwanted services at unnecessary costs, but the company needs only necessary services. So the motive of the project is to provide the proper workflow and some additional features such as maintaining orders and managing leave requests to the small scale business sectors (Textile industry). Keywords - Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
THE IMPACT OF COMPUTER NETWORKING IN SOCIETY: SOCIAL NETWORK SEARCHING APPROACH
Authors: Singh Prof. Raghvendra
Published: May 2022

The quality of life in a community can be seen as the nexus of' social capital'and communal engagement (Putnam 1993, Coleman 1988).‘ Social capital’accumulates through social networks and trust, and the morals of collective reciprocity that these connections foster (Putnam 1993). This paper explores the relationship between computer networks, social networks and communal engagement in a geographic community using checks and interview data collected among residers of Blacksburg, Virginia, over a three time period (1996 through 1999). Social connections are the base of social networks. Connections form through commerce among individualities, whether face-to- face or intermediated by communication technology (telephone, computer networks). Computer networks, like the telephone, can support being social networks. In fact, according to Wellman (1996), when computer networks link people as well as machines, they come social networks. The substantiation described in this paper shows that computer networks aren't just buttressing-- but indeed expanding-- being social networks within a geographic community. The Internet is an important medium for garnering coffers-- fellowship and aid, including information-- from other members of social networks. Likewise, increased communal engagement and community involvement can be attributed to the Internet among about a fifth of Internet druggies. The check data shows that this is a group that's'pre-disposed'to be engaged. The Internet provides tools and services that enable them to act on their predilection. Keywords : telephone, computer networks
Grocery Store in Product Information
Authors: Dewangan Ayush
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this project is to make on, these days we've to avoid crowded places and conjointly watch out that the group does not increase. If we tend to attend a food market, we discover the item we would like and if we tend to don't have the correct merchandise, then we tend to return. This wastes time and it conjointly will increase the group, we tend to failed to take some merchandise however by going there, our time was conjointly wasted and conjointly came connected with alternative client there. That is why we tend to are creating this application to avoid of these things. In this, if we tend to enter in any food market or any sales outlet, there'll be a displayed during which all the main points of the merchandise are there, during which check all the merchandise beforehand and conjointly see the supply and worth. If we've an acceptable product, then we will attend the shop and purchase the merchandise, however if we tend to don't just like the product or supply or worth, then we will return from outside. This may conjointly save our time and cannot are available in contact with someone. There valuable data/information are often hold on for an extended amount with straightforward to accessing and manipulation of a similar. The specified hardware is simply on the market and our software system straightforward to figure with. This show system, as delineate higher than, will cause error free, secure, reliable, and quick management system. It will assist the user to consider their alternative activities rather to consider the record keeping. That one needn't be distracted by info that's not relevant, whereas having the ability to succeed in the data. The aim is to automatic its existing manual system by the assistance of processed equipments and full-fledged pc software system, fulfilling their necessities, in order that their valuable data/information are often hold on for a extended amount with straightforward accessing and manipulation of a similar. Primarily the project is show the shop of all things details or offers and higher services for the client. Key Words: Html, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap, E-Grocery Store, Self Service, Technology
Emotion Recognition Feedback System using OpenCV
Authors: Jha Shivam
Published: May 2022

This project is a real time Facial Emotion recognition system that follows the actual state of mind of the human. Human communicates their state of mind and in some cases what they need through their appearance. It very well may be a grinning face, or it tends to be the face loaded with outrage. Here and there words are not that strong as our looks. This venture comprises of models made through different calculations of machine as well as profound learning. It also includes some of the very powerful Python packages for creating applications that are constantly aware of human behaviour. Some libraries: TensorFlow, Keras, OpenCV, Matplotlib. Facial emotion recognition detects the emotions a person experiences through a webcam or CCTV footage of a face. This problem can be addressed with image classification as it helps the machine learn how to capture emotions from a webcam or camera. Gaining product feedback through emotion recognition helps the food industry learn customer feedback about products. And in the field of military, it can be useful. It can be very useful for identifying the people's behaviour at the border areas to find out the suspects between them. This project is an implementation of the circumstances. It mainly consists of two modules: (i)Filtering and achieve the model for the application using algorithms and (ii) Application for using the model using OpenCV to recognize the human facial expression. Key Words: OpenCV, Real time Face Detection, Facial Emotion Recognition, Facial Recognition, Keras, TensorFlow.