bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in the development of global market of advertising services
Authors: Siscan Zorina , Anton Lia
Published: May 2023

Advertising is the driving force of any business. The internationalization of economic affairs contributes to the formation of the world market of advertising services that, in present time, has been developing as global and digitalized. The authors have set as a purpose of the article the revealing and exploring the trends in the contemporary global market of advertising services under the globalization and digitalization socio-economic megatrends. Methodology and Results: Based on the evolutionary approach to the global market of advertising services, and analysis of the relevant statistical data, the authors have systematized the main trends in the development of the global advertising market as well as have provided some explanation for them. The shifts in global advertising market produced by the COVID 19 global pandemic crisis have also been paid attention to. Besides, the authors have revealed and analyzed the particular directions in the development of global advertising services market within the general trends. Having applied the pragmatic approach to the study, the authors have elaborated some recommendations that, along with the outcomes of the article, may help business to develop its strategies in line of the revealed and systematized trends and particular directions in order to become more competitive at the contemporary global market of advertising services.
Barriers in intercultural communication and ways to overcome
Authors: Rusu Djulieta , Pirlog Angela
Published: May 2023

In the following article, we propose to analyze elements likely to obstruct the proper development of intercultural communication, contributing to the decrease of the degree of fidelity, accuracy and efficiency of the message transfer. In order to have a successful intercultural communication, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of a certain type of national culture, whose representatives come into contact. The model discussed in the present paper is the most popular one, that of Geert Hofstede with its 6 dimensions, and their values and contribution to communication in the Republic of Moldova.
The referential framework of the management concept of the assessment of school results
Authors: Caleachina Olga
Published: May 2023

Evaluation, being an integral part of the educational process, has an absolutely necessary role in decisionmaking, being present in any pedagogical activity and is in a relationship of interdetermination, of formal interaction with teaching and learning, and which provides necessary information to regulate and improve the didactic activity. The quintessence of the evaluation action is to know the effects of the activity carried out in order to improve the process in the following stages and which leads to a quality education. Evaluation is a chain of these operations. For student assessment to be effective, it must be based on effective learning standards, which are defined by objective success criteria and are used for individual, class, whole school and national development. Thus, the essence of evaluation refers, above all, to a targeted improvement. Missing or misunderstanding this formative function of assessment runs the risk of leading to superficial, haphazard or punitive assessment practices. Bearing in mind that each stage/stage/form of the process of evaluating school results requires organization/direc-ting/completion, which corresponds to the functions of the management process, we record the emergence/formation/of such a discipline/process with the name of management of results evaluation school, which is based on various educational policies and has a legally grounded reference framework.
The efficiency of promotion of goods and services through social networks: a study based on the practice of small and medium enterprises in Moldova
Authors: Gagauz Valeriu
Published: May 2023

With the increasing popularity of social networks among users, studying their use for marketing purposes by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is particularly important. The article is based on a study of the communicative performance of SMEs in social networks on the example of 50 commercial trade and the provision of services companies from Moldova. The quality, coverage, and number of reactions to advertising posts were analyzed. Even though SMEs use social networks for marketing purposes, they are not entirely oriented to modern trends and create publications chaotically. On average, a large number of subscribers get low organic reach and low efficiency in their marketing activities. It was concluded that SMEs need to ensure the brand's presence on various social media platforms because, in current conditions, Internet platforms can most quickly and cost-effectively increase consumer awareness of the brand.
Vertical agreements on digital markets
Authors: Parcalab Carolina
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Moldovan competition regulations have been modernized in 2012 in the spirit of European directives. However, European entrepreneurial experience, competitive culture, and case law in the field of competition rules’ enforcement are far above. The absence of an extensive experience in this field leads often to confusion about the practical application of competition rules, and the risk exists that pro-competitive economic behaviour is wrongly blamed as an anti-competitive practice. Vertical restraints may be often identified in business contracts with vertical structures, such as supply, distribution, franchising, and agency agreements, whether such contracts are implemented in traditional or digital markets. Digitization and innovative technological solutions have substantially changed the production and distribution chain of goods and services.
The role of university image and its impact to competitive advantage
Authors: Jomir Eudochia
Published: May 2023

A great competition among universities existing today is to attract and recruit new, the best and brightest students. This reality must be observed and analysed from various points of view to maximize competitive advantage. Universities must be able to face the challenges of globalization and are required to improve facilities and image of the high educational institutions. People are more selective and a good image or reputation will get better results and a better attractiveness of a university. Because of increasing interest for educational marketing field, this study aims to identify the role of university image in the process of choosing the institution by candidate students
Quantitative and qualitative structural economic changes in the cities of Zărnești (România) and Strășeni (Republic of Moldova) in the pre- and post-COVID-19 period
Authors: Craciun Laurentiu
Published: May 2023

Currently, the economic situation of several states on the globe has taken on alarming shapes. The increase in economic vulnerability, against the background of the sharp increase in the cost of energy resources, the global pandemic, the economic crisis generated by the war in Ukraine, the increase in geopolitical tensions in several regions of the world, have led economic entities of different sizes to review their strategy economic development, including structural transformations and traditional markets through foreign trade. The transformations in Romania and the Republic of Moldova, affected by the regional crisis, marked by socio-economic instability, already for more than half a year, are significant. Among the common problems faced by the human settlements in both countries are: the permanent economic adaptation to the changes in the conjuncture, the adjustment of the way of capitalizing the spatial resources by these two administrative-territorial entities, the implementation of economic, administrative and spatial decentralization, etc. The comparative study carried out through this research is part of a larger research of two Romanian cities located in Romania and the Republic of Moldova, being the subject of the doctoral study.
Applying the Value-Added Tax under the conditions of public-private partnership
Authors: Panus Corina
Published: May 2023

This Article aims to study the main tax and accounting issues when applying the value-added tax under the conditions of public-private partnership from theoretical, conceptual and methodological viewpoints. The value-added tax is an indirect tax that draws most attention of both the State and private companies.
Financing the digitization of education in the Republic of M
Authors: Andronic Adrian
Published: May 2023

The financial support for implementing technology and innovating the education process is becoming increasingly relevant and changing its content. New, complex financing mechanisms are emerging. In the context of the growing costs of education activities, when state budgets are cut, a mix of emerging financing methods in the field under consideration acquire a key role. Currently, there are several obstacles to the digitization of education: the agglomeration of the education sector with fragmented ICT solutions, a fact that prevents the implementation of unitary digital supports intended for computer-assisted training and, informational educational management; the inefficient learning and educational management and the lousy use of material and financial resources intended for the digitization of the education sector; the low capacity of the education sector to return to normality after a possible pandemic or other crises; the slow expansion of lifelong learning, especially in the development of distance learning. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the financing digitization of education in the Republic of Moldova, from the perspective of past actions, the plans included in the Education 2030 Strategy, and the opportunities offered by the blockchain. We used online research, literature review, and interviews with implementers and experts in education and education technology. We concluded that the digitalization of education in the Republic of Moldova is possible with significant financial investments not only from the state, but also from other stakeholders, which predetermines the development of new approaches and tools included in the financial mechanism of the education system.
The role and integrity of subjects in the public procurement system in the prevention of corruption
Authors: Galamaga Dorina
Published: May 2023

The field of public procurement is one of the most vulnerable to corruption, and ensuring the integrity of subjects involved in public procurement constitutes a current approach to corruption prevention and research. Strengthening the integrity of public procurement subjects is an essential measure to prevent corruption, because public procurement is one of the key areas in which the public sector and the private sector interact financially. However, this interaction is based on public money, which attracts the corrupt subjects to illegal activities, due to the position they hold, they take advantage of public funds in personal interest or of a group at the expense of the general interest. Specifically, this paper researches the general conceptions of public procurement and integrity, the national normative framework regarding integrity in public procurement, identifies and analyzes the categories of subjects, their role, the causes and consequences of non-compliance with integrity in the public procurement system. In conclusion, it is deduced that the lack of integrity of subjects in the public procurement system generates not only deficient policies, norms and procedures, but endangers public respect for the government, erodes the rule of law, distorts the economy of a country and seriously affects the fundamental rights of citizens.
The energy saving and comfort ratio of smart lighting
Authors: Catruc Adriana
Published: May 2023

Office buildings, particularly workplaces, are not designed to suit individual indoor comfort needs. Providing comfort in these structures is difficult without sacrificing energy efficiency. This essay includes a thorough literature review addressing comprehensive study subjects on smart lighting, such as problems, goals for implementation, prospects, and technological solutions.
Some aspects of assessing the effectiveness of international financial assistance to the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Stupachev Sergey
Published: May 2023

The problem of assessing the effectiveness of financial assistance by international financial institutions (the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank) to the Republic of Moldova is considered. It is shown that the effectiveness of financial assistance should be determined on the basis of assessing the degree of its impact on the economic stability and economic development of the Republic of Moldova. The author's definition of the economic stability of the economic system is given, as well as the concept of its optimal structure. It is proposed to assess the sustainable economic development of the country using an indicator obtained on the basis of the rank parametric distribution of the economic cenosis. This indicator characterizes the stability and change in the structure of its economy. The parameters and structural changes in the rank parametric distribution of the economic cenosis make it possible to assess economic stability and economic development, as well as to identify problem areas in the country's economy.
The participation of the surgical block in the recycling of its supplies
Authors: Xavier Rosemere , Lopes Agnaldo
Published: May 2023

Health services contribute as a potential source of waste generation, with a large volume of supplies that are discarded in the preparation of the operating room. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the advances on the recycling of supplies discarded in the operating room (OR) and in the material sterilization center (CME). A bibliometric analysis was performed with data collection in the Web of Science database, in articles published from 2018 to 2023. The following keywords were used: hospital waste; recycling and surgical waste. Sixteen articles were found. The studies showed that negative characteristics are attributed to hospital waste for causing damage to public health and the environment, and that this contributes to the segregation and improper disposal of this waste. More studies are needed to evaluate the probability of reuse or recycling to mitigate the damage to public health and the negative impacts on the environment. The CC and the CME may contribute when properly selected and segregated. It is also worth noting that there are limitations of studies in Brazil.
Teaching autonomy like political concept: real autonomy and granted autonomy
Authors: Villarreal Gabriela Milenka Arraya , Camargo Arlete Maria Monte de , Pereira Mary Jose Almeida
Published: May 2023

This article seeks to analyze the foundations of the idea of ​​teaching autonomy today, in the neoliberal context of alienation, exploitation, worker accountability and how this concept has been used in capitalist society from the point of view of reorganizing the teaching work. To this end, bibliographical research was used, supported by the discourse analysis of Fairclough (2001), with emphasis on the historical, political and social foundations of the idea of ​​autonomy. In general, it can be said that the regulated and granted autonomy has been controlled by the state to maintain the discourse of consensus and harmony of antagonistic interests, in addition to helping to hide the class division, and the weakening of solidarity between workers, a concept that is refuted in this work. The discourse on teaching autonomy has been appropriated by the neoliberal concept that strengthens the individual dimension and tends to fragment any form of collective organization. Beside this, it appears that the teaching autonomy, which expresses the strengthening of the social, among peers, can contribute to resignify the subjects' resistance to all forms of oppression and fragmentation.
DESIGUALDADES DE GÊNERO E RAÇA NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO EM PARANAGUÁ – PR
Authors: Lara Lucca Souza , Braunert Mariana Bettega
Published: May 2023

Historicamente, sempre houve uma tradição das mulheres cuidarem dos afazeres domésticos e atividades reprodutivas em geral enquanto os homens trabalhavam. Conforme os anos se passaram e sobretudo a partir da década de 1970, em decorrência da luta do movimento feminista, essa realidade começou a mudar e as mulheres começaram a ganhar espaço no mercado de trabalho. Elas mostraram que são perfeitamente capazes de realizar qualquer tarefa anteriormente exercida pelos homens; entretanto, no quesito tanto de gênero, quanto de raça, verificamos que apesar das importantes mudanças e conquistas ainda existem desigualdades e discriminações.  Assim como vimos a luta das mulheres pelo direito à educação e ao voto, a luta da mulher pela igualdade de gênero e raça no mercado de trabalho continua, já que as mulheres, principalmente mulheres negras, ainda recebem em média menores salários que os homens brancos, além de ocuparem menos postos de chefias e possuírem uma inserção ocupacional em temos gerais pais precária. Diante desse contexto, o principal objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar como se configuram as desigualdades de gênero e raça no mercado de trabalho no município de Paranaguá, no Paraná, com base em dados quantitativos da Plataforma SmartLab, ressaltando a importância do tema e enfatizando a necessidade de uma maior igualdade na esfera laboral.
A Systematic Plague: Addressing the Culture of Gender Based Violence (GBV) in Pakistan
Authors: Farooqi Halah , Ghafoor Annas
Published: May 2023

This piece focuses on the issue of Gender Based Violence (GBV) in Pakistan and addresses the systematic nature of the problem. It delves into discussions regarding the complex interplay of a flawed education system, current held beliefs, traditional practices, the general outlook of the population, and a lack of accountability and legal recourse which all feed into the problem.
Business model imitation: definition and typology
Authors: Bourkha Bilal
Published: May 2023

The main idea of the article says that the concept BM imitation (BMIm) has not been developed adequately in the strategic management field, even though it has been greatly used recently by researchers. Therefore, the aim of our research is to propose a definition of BMIm and to highlight the distinction between several types of BMIm. On the ground of this, we will clarify the ambiguities in the literature related to this concept, and show that imitating a competitor's BM does not necessarily mean imitating all the components of a BM
What Makes Your Business Model (Un)investable?
Authors: Montakhabi Mehdi
Published: May 2023

This paper seeks to find out what makes a business model uninvestable. In particular, the study explores the reasons for venture capitalists’ rejection decisions on entrepreneurs’ proposals. The study digs into rejected cases in the American Shark Tank TV show as the source of secondary data. Data is transcribed, coded, synthesised, narratives are built, and storytelling techniques are applied to present the findings. The study deviates from the mainstream research on business models, based on primary data. In doing so, the study bridges between the business model research and communication sciences.
Editorial
Authors: Montemari Marco
Published: May 2023

The Business Model Conference 2022, held at the University of Lille in early June, provided members of the academic community with an excellent opportunity to discuss the latest research, innovative teaching methods, and best practices in business model research.
Samkørsel i Danmark - Fremtidens mobilitetsform?
Authors: Kristensen Maria , Bigom Michella , Rasmussen Line , Olesen Anne
Published: May 2023

Har samkørsel et potentiale som fremtidens mobilitetsform, og hvordan kan brugen af samkørsel øges i Danmark er spørgsmål, der besvares i denne artikel. Dette undersøges gennem et litteraturstudie, en klyngeanalyse med baggrund i en spørgeskemaundersøgelse, fokusgruppeinterviews, samt en analyse af samkørselsdata fra samkørselstjenesten nabogo. Det er fundet, at samkørsel har et potentiale for fremtidens mobilitet, da danskerne er åbne overfor mobilitetsformen, og ser flere fordele ved samkørsel særligt med hensyn til klimaet og miljøet. Samkørsel bruges primært i fritiden, hvorved potentialet for samkørsel kan blive større i forbindelse med pendling til og fra uddannelse eller arbejde. Samkørsel kræver en kritisk masse, hvilket kan opnås på flere arbejdspladser, da disse skaber en fælles destination for mange medarbejdere, og det har vist sig at skabe en høj gennemførelsesprocent i et projekt med nabogo sammenlignet med tidligere danske projekter. Samkørsel bruges primært af den unge generation, hvilket kan betyde, at behovet for egen bil udskydes, eller at den kollektive transport fravælges til fordel for samkørsel. Brugerne af samkørsel bor oftest i en storby, og samkørsel opfattes ligeledes blandt danskere som et storbyfænomen, hvilket betyder, at der kan være et uudnyttet potentiale for samkørsel uden for storbyerne. Undersøgelsen fandt, at for at øge brugen af samkørsel, er det vigtigt at belønne brugerne af samkørsel og udbrede kendskabet til samkørsel gennem målrettet promovering og oplysning til danskerne.
Electric Vehicles: An Assessment of Consumer Perceptions Using Importance-Performance Analysis
Authors: Hanssen Thor-Erik , Hasan Saiful
Published: May 2023

The electrification of vehicles represents a promising measure for decarbonizing the transport sector. Several countries worldwide have created incentives to promote the mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) to mitigate the environmental and energy effects caused by the increased road transport demand; however, many consumers remain skeptical about EVs.

Consumer perceptions and concerns are critical for evaluating a product’s market position, identifying opportunities for improvement, and guiding strategic planning. The importance-performance analysis (IPA) represents a simple and effective technique for assessing consumer acceptance of product attributes that have been used in diverse fields.

This study aimed at identifying the key EV attributes that require more attention from policymakers and manufacturers to improve consumer satisfaction. It analyzed survey data of 278 Norwegian EV owners and identified that instrumental aspects (i.e., driving range, battery recharging time, safety function, energy efficiency), winter driving quality, and environmental effects of EVs, are the most decisive factors when considering what car to buy. The results showed that EVs perform best with respect to environmental aspects, winter driving quality, and interior and exterior design. Finally, based on the IPA results, policymakers and car manufacturers should focus on the instrumental aspects, cost aspects, and winter driving quality of EVs to make EVs more attractive to consumers.

Our findings provide policymakers and EV manufacturers with a deeper understanding of the needs and perceptions of EV owners with respect to EV attributes, thus helping them develop and implement better strategies for improving the attractiveness of EVs.
tabernáculo del retablo mayor del Escorial: ónfalos y raíz
Authors: Campos y Fernández de Sevilla Francisco Javier
Published: May 2023

En el siguiente trabajo nos aproximamos al Tabernáculo o Custodia del Escorial, alhaja y obra fundamental del monasterio, en sentido artístico y alegórico. Por su categoría material y significación emblemática creemos que no solamente se convierte en el centro espiritual del edificio, sino que es la pieza clave que ayuda a comprender la persona del rey fundador.

 

Desde un punto de vita analógico puede ser considerado como raíz y símbolo que explica la idea de Monarquía Católica consolidada por Felipe II y que heredaron y mantuvieron los monarcas del Seiscientos.
Estética de la energía
Authors: Prestianni Alberto
Published: May 2023

La evolución de las cocinas de la Edad Media y el Renacimiento es un tema fascinante que ha sido apenas abordado en la literatura especializada. A lo largo de estas dos épocas, se produjeron grandes cambios debido, por un lado, a las nuevas exigencias sociopolíticas y, por el otro, a la invención y desarrollo de nuevos sistemas tecnológicos, como la chimenea.
situación de la platería cordobesa en el siglo XVII
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda María del Amor
Published: May 2023

En este texto se presenta un análisis de la situación del gremio de plateros de Córdoba durante el siglo XVII. Partiendo de la premisa de la falta de estudios específicos de este periodo, se comenzará por realizar una síntesis bibliográfica. Se continuará con una presentación de la situación general de la institución en ese momento y cuáles fueron los principales plateros. Escogiendo las obras más señeras, se conocerán las características de dichas piezas. De esta manera se podrán abordar una serie de conclusiones que esclarezcan los vacíos existentes en este campo temporal de la investigación argéntea en Córdoba.
Monasterio de la Piedad Bernarda de Madrid vulgo Las Vallecas
Authors: Aguado María Elena
Published: May 2023

El monasterio de La Piedad Bernarda vulgo las Vallecas, fue concebido como beaterio para recoger y proteger a las mujeres de la familia Díez Rivadeneira. Posteriormente se fundó como monasterio cisterciense e incluso adoptó, por un tiempo, las constituciones de la recolección bernarda. Se trata de una institución muy interesante que carece de trabajos de investigación. El propósito del siguiente artículo es el de contribuir al conocimiento de su historia.
MEDIA REPORTING OF TERRORISM: A CASE STUDY OF ISLAMIC STATE OF IRAQ AND SYRIA (ISIS)
Authors: Sunawar Lubna
Published: May 2023

Terrorist organizations have long realized the invaluable benefits of various media platforms, particularly social media, in achieving their tactical, operational and strategic goals. They have figured out how to make an impact through social media. Researchers have found that media plays a significant role in disseminating messages supporting terrorism. Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, terrorism has attracted much media attention. ISIS, in particular, has produced the most technologically sophisticated propaganda compared to other terrorist groups. Since terrorism has received so much media attention, it is vital to understand how it is presented in international news. This study, therefore, examines terrorists' use of media while focusing on ISIS as a case study. Research findings suggest that employing media as a weapon in combat is vital to ISIS's strategy to establish a hypothetical Islamic caliphate. ISIS uses media for three central goals: promoting its propaganda, recruiting new fighters, and inciting violence. The article employs framing theory, a study of comparative journalism and global media coverage of terrorism. This paper also explores the idea that media coverage may very well encourage acts of terrorism.
 
Bibliography Entry
Sunawar, Lubna. 2022. "Media Reporting of Terrorism: A Case Study of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS)." Margalla Papers 26 (2): 62-71.
INDIA’S GROWING CYBER PARTNERSHIPS AND CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN
Authors: Farooq Ammad , Ali Ahmad
Published: May 2023

With the emergence of new technologies, the potential of cyberspace is immense; however, the growing number of cyber-attacks on states’ critical infrastructure has highlighted the need for cyber security. Although it is challenging to achieve foolproof security, states can maximise safety in the cyber domain through cyber partnerships with technologically advanced countries. This study finds that India is maximising its cyber security while enhancing its offensive cyber capabilities by concluding agreements with most cyber-secure states. Furthermore, India’s cyber capabilities are more focused on Pakistan due to longstanding tensions between the two countries. On the other hand, Pakistan lacks focus on cyber security and has yet to take sufficient measures. Pakistan can maximise its cyber security through technological advancements and taking advantage of friendly countries' expertise in the cyber security domain. Cyber security partnerships will strengthen Pakistan against threats emerging from state and non-state actors. Following a qualitative exploratory research design, this study provides a detailed understanding of India’s growing cyber security partnership and cyber posture, besides highlighting Pakistan’s approach towards cyber security.
 
Bibliography Entry
Farooq, Ammad and Ahmad Ali. 2022. "India’s Growing Cyber Partnerships and Challenges for Pakistan." Margalla Papers 26 (2): 49-61.
Is neurofibromatosis type 1 diagnosed in every patient who presents with café au lait macules? A single-center experience
Authors: EKER Nursah , TOKUC Ayse Gulnur , TAS TUFAN Burcu , SENAY Emel
Published: May 2023

Objective: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common hereditary neurocutaneous syndrome. The most crucial morbidity of NF1 is tumors that may develop. Cases with café-au-lait macules (CALMs) which is the first clinical finding of NF1, due to the anxiety of its associated morbidity, are referred to the pediatric oncology clinic. In this study, we aimed to examine the characteristics of the patients who applied to our outpatient clinic with CALMs. Patients and Methods: The data of 157 pediatric patients who applied to our institution with the diagnosis of CALMs between June 2010 and November 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 157 pediatric cases referred to us for CALMs. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) diagnostic criteria, 109 (69.4%) cases were diagnosed with NF1. The diagnosis of 22 cases with NF1 were supported by genetic examination. Optic glioma was detected in 39 (24.8%) cases. In 15 (38.4%) of cases with optic glioma, visual functions were also affected. Second diagnostic criterion did not develop during the follow-up period, except for macules, in 48 cases (30.5%). Conclusion: In cases with multiple CALMs, the probability of NF1 diagnosis is high, and close and regular follow-up is of great importance in catching the development of the second clinical criterion and minimizing its morbidity.
Is subclinical hypothyroidism a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus?
Authors: SEN SELIM Halime , SENGUL Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus is characterized by increased blood sugar that first appears during pregnancy. Multiple articles

have described a relationship between hypothyroidism/subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and a rise in the risk of concomitant

pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the effect of SCH on pregnancy is uncertain in the

literature. We clarified the contribution of SCH to GDM development.

Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. From the patient records, the first 250 pregnant women who applied to our

hospital for screening at 20-24 weeks and had glucose tolerance tests were included in our study. Retrospectively, all these pregnant

women’s first-trimester thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were recorded. We created two groups according to the oral glucose

tolerance test (OGTT) results: a case group diagnosed with GDM and a control group with average blood glucose. Their first-trimester

TSH levels were compared between the two groups and defined whether they had euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH=2.5-

5.5mIU/L) or overt hypothyroidism (TSH >5.5).

Results: We diagnosed 37 of 191 patients (19.4%) with GDM. When we checked the case and control groups, the mean TSH of the

GDM group was 1.8 mIU/L, and the control group was 1.7 mIU/L, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.121). 24.32%

(n=9) of 37 pregnant women with GDM were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism/hypothyroidism; this rate was as low as

14.93% (n=28) in the non-GDM group, but no statistical difference was found (p=0.21).

Conclusion: It can be predicted that other accompanying factors may be the primary determinant in the development of GDM rather

than subclinical hypothyroidism. Risk scales that include the first trimester TSH level should be established for the development of

GDM.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS A HESITAÇÃO VACINAL CONTRA COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Dos Santos Ana Júlia Virginio , Nunes Maria Luiza , Moreira Veronnika Galvão , Nascimento Anne Caroliny dos Santos
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A hesitação vacinal é definida como o atraso na aceitação, relutância ou recusa de vacinar-se apesar da disponibilidade deste serviço no sistema de saúde. Há percepções errôneas sobre segurança, eficácia, riscos e desconfiança da vacina contra a COVID-19; e em instituições responsáveis por campanhas de vacinação têm sido apontadas como fatores que contribuem para a hesitação vacinal. Este fenômeno é caracterizado como uma das dez maiores ameaças globais à saúde pública e precisa ser combatida com estratégias governamentais para garantir a ampla vacinação. Objetivo: apresentar e discutir os fatores que abrangem e caracterizam os fatores a hesitação vacinal da COVID-19. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura foi-se utilizado as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Google Acadêmico e Biblioteca Científica Eletrônica Online (Scielo) mediante a utilização da associação dos descritores: hesitação vacinal; COVID-19; vacinas contra COVID-19. O período de busca foi de 2020 a 2022. Resultados e discussões: Foram selecionados 13 artigos sobre a temática, e os resultados mais apontados para a hesitação da vacina foram as preocupações com a segurança do imunizante produzido em tempo recorde, gerando uma desconfiança na eficiência/eficácia. Os estudos também mostraram que as mulheres tinham propensão a hesitação quando comparada a homens. Outros fatores são a baixa escolaridade e baixo poder socioeconômico, logo, países em desenvolvimento têm maior propensão a hesitação quando comparados a países desenvolvidos. Conclusão: Observou-se grande variabilidade nas taxas de aceitação da vacina da COVID-19 em diferentes países e regiões ao redor do mundo. Com isso, há a necessidade de formadores de políticas de saúde e governos  a disseminarem mensagens verdadeiras acerca da eficácia/eficiência da vacina da COVID-19, já que a vacinação é uma decisão individual, porém levanta questões éticas quando um indivíduo não decide fazer tal ato, prejudica um coletivo.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA: UMA PROPOSTA REFLEXIVA E COMPARATIVA ACERCA DO CONTEÚDO DE BIOTECNOLOGIA
Authors: Júnior Francisco Marques Cardozo , Monteiro Priscila Brito , Cardozo Ivana Cosme , Queiroz Pedro Victor da Silva , Vieira Antônia Raele Mendes , Da Silva Jyslaine Pereira , Santos Sara Bianca Lima , Santos Ednardo da Silva
Published: May 2023

O livro didático trata-se de uma ferramenta muito utilizada pelos professores com o objetivo de auxiliar e funcionar como um guia para a práxis pedagógica, além de orientar e direcionar as diretrizes curriculares da escola e o processo de ensino aprendizagem. A presente pesquisa tem como finalidade, não só analisar os livros de Biologia do Ensino Médio da rede pública de ensino, mas também enunciar a temática Biotecnologia e Engenharia Genética, utilizando os critérios propostos já estabelecidos pela comunidade científica. A metodologia adotada nesta pesquisa foi a de natureza qualitativa com enfoque explanatória. Analisou-se 02 (dois) livros didáticos do terceiro ano do ensino médio que continham a temática biotecnologia e engenharia genética. Os livros analisados foram considerados de acordo com os critérios: fraco, regular, bom e ótimo. Através das análises realizadas nos livros didáticos de Biologia do 3° ano do Ensino Médio, observou-se que há uma certa carência na contextualização dos conteúdos, assim como nos recursos visuais, mesmo com todo o processo avaliativo destes, após a criação do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD).
Italicization of Translated Korean Literature and Korean Diasporic Literature
Authors: Lim Hyun-Kyung
Published: May 2023

The present study takes a corpus-based approach to compare ten Korean novels translated into English with another ten Korean diasporic authentic novels written in English to explore differences in the use of italics between translated and non-translated literary texts. The focus is placed on how foreign words are italicized, since they represent the identity, history, and collective memories of Koreans as the interface between translated Korean literature and Korean diasporic literature. Especially since italics as a typographical device is seldom used in the Korean language, the italicization of foreign words also serves to reveal the style and decision of translators and their differences with original writers. Against this backdrop, the present study aims to see (a) if translated Korean literature and Korean diasporic literature exhibit significant differences in the use of italics; and (b) how the choices of original authors and translators differ in italicizing culture-specific and other foreign words. The present study employs Newmark’s (2001) typology to categorize culture-specific items (CSI) of foreign origin into six subcategories, while adopting Nord’s (2018, 1997) notion of phatic and expressive functions and developing other emerging categories to explain the italicized use of foreign words whose meaning is rather culturally universal but whose direct transfer in italicized form do convey cultural connotations.
The results of the analysis show that the most italicized category among all categories of italicization is foreign words, while the most notable difference is observed in emphatic italics. In the italicization of foreign CSIs, no significant difference is found except in one subcategory, while the lack of consistency in Romanization is noticeable in both corpora. As for non-CSIs, the use of phatic/expressive and foreignizing italics is significantly predominant in the non-translated corpus, reflecting the relative freedom of original authors to express a sense of otherness and diasporic identity. The present study provides unique insight on how the use of italics in foreign words elucidates the different styles and decisions of translators and original authors, but it will need to be complemented with a closer look into sentences containing these instances and a further review on the original texts of the translated corpus.
Designing and simulation a 15-bit successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter
Authors: Pham Duy Phong , Pham Xuan Thanh , Nguyen Thi Viet Ha  , Hoang Manh Kha
Published: May 2023

Analog-to-digital converters (ADC) are widely employed to monitor long-term signal characteristics in wireless sensor networks and healthcare electronic devices. It is critical in these applications to use an energy-efficient ADC to extend battery life. This paper presents a 15-bit successive-approximation register (SAR) ADC for using in biomedical processing systems. The segmentation degrees (the amount of bits in each divided capacitive sub-array) are optimized to minimize switching power and area based on linearity and matching requirements. The proposed SAR ADC is simulated by using Simulink of Matlab. The simulated results show that the ADC achieves 14.78-bit of effective numbers of bits (ENoB), 111.5 dB of the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) with 90.74 dB of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a sampling rate of 10MHz.
Multi-criteria decision making in CBN grinding tool steel using TOPSIS method
Authors: Bui Thanh Danh  , Vu Van Khoa  , Nguyen Hong Linh  , Hoang Xuan Tu  , Nguyen Van Tung  , Bui Thanh Hien
Published: May 2023

This paper introduces the results of a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) study when CBN grinding SKD11 tool steel in a CNC milling machine. In this work, the TOPSIS method was applied to solve the MCDM problem, and the Entropy method was used to find the weight of criteria. Also, two criteria were chosen: surface roughness (SR) and material removal speed (MRS). Furthermore, an experiment with design L18 (61+33) was carried out using the Taguchi method. In the experiment, four input parameters were investigated: the dressing cut depth aed (mm), the wheel speed Rpm (rpm), the feed rate Fe (mm/min), and the wheel diameter d (mm). From the results of this work, the best experimental setup was proposed.
Pengaruh Pajak Karbon, Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Fosil, Dan Pertumbuhan PDB Terhadap Emisi Karbon
Authors: Sekar Palupi Pradita Galih , Muchtar Masruri , Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh pajak karbon, penggunaan bahan bakar fosil, dan pertumbuhan PDB terhadap emisi karbon. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu 12 negara Eropa dalam kurun waktu 2016 – 2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda menggunakan data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gas alam dan minyak bumi menjadi variabel yang memengaruhi emisi karbon yang menyebabkan pemanasan global. Kenaikan 1% dari penggunaan gas alam akan meningkatkan emisi karbon sebesar 0,24% dan kenaikan 1% dari penggunaan minyak bumi juga akan meningkatkan emisi karbon sebesar 0,71%. Penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi terhadap kebijakan fiskal yang dapat diterapkan di Indonesia terkait upaya pemerintah untuk mengurangi emisi karbon.
EFFECTIVENESS OF LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY ON SLEEP QUALITY AND ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WHO UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Setyaningrum Niken , Setyawan Aris
Published: May 2023

Hemodialysis is a long-term therapy that must be done by patients with chronic kidney disease. Patients who undergo therapy for a very long time will have an impact on the patient's psychology. Psychological impacts are anxiety and sleep disturbances. Anxiety that is constantly felt by the patient and accompanied by poor sleep quality can cause changes in the physiological, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, immune system and nervous system. To overcome sleep disorders and anxiety in hemodialysis patients, non-pharmacological options can be used, namely Lavender Aromatherapy through inhalation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lavender Essential Oil Aromatherapy on Sleep Quality and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients. The study was conducted on 32 hemodialysis patients. The intervention was carried out for 3 times of administration during intra hemodialysis. The instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality and The Zung-Self Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) to measure anxiety which was applied before and before the test. Analysis of test data using one sample t test for both variables partially showed that the difference in the average score of sleep quality and anxiety with each p value of 0.000 means that there is an increase in sleep quality and a decrease in anxiety levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis in the intervention group. Lavender aromatherapy can be applied as an enhanced intervention to treat sleep disorder and is effective in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
THE EFFECT OF GINGER FOR GARGLING ON SALIVARY PROFILE AND IN-VIVO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Fatihah Nadia Iha , Marfu’ah Nurul , Mahirotun NS Anggun , NA Eldyamarta , Frida SA Yuna
Published: May 2023

Infectious diseases have a high incidence rate, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, caused various

efforts to prevent and treatment the infection. One of the effort is use of traditional herbs, Ginger. Ginger is a thibbun-nabawi herb that known to have antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of gargling activity with ginger decoction on salivary profile and in-vivo antimicrobial tests. The study was conducted in University of Darussalam Gontor with respondents who experienced mouth ulcerand dental caries. The treatment was divided into 5 groups, positive control, negative control, ginger decoction in 3 concentrations, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The sample used was respondent's saliva obtained by the spitting method. Samples were tested for pH, and volume and incubated in a microbial growth medium to calculate the number of colonies and observations in a microscope for pathogen identification. Influence of salivary profile and colony count before and after treatment tested with T-Test analysis. The results of the pH test showed an increase in the pH value to be more alkaline after being given a solution of gargling, although the pH increase was the smallest in the negative control group and the highest in the ginger group at 30% (p>0.05).  Measurements of saliva volume showed a decrease in saliva volume (p>0.05). Differences in the number of colonies before and after treatment in the control group (+) showed significant differences compared to other groups. The minimum decrease in the number of colonies was showed by the Ginger group of 30% with insignificant differences before and after treatment. The antimicrobial activity test showed ginger decoction had a minimum antimicrobial activity due to ginger decoction was not good at diluting secondary metabolites of ginger that have antimicrobial activity
POTENTIAL OF DUTCH TEAK LEAVES (Guazuma ulmifolia) AS ANTIOXIDANTS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES AGENT
Authors: Smaradhna Safira , Az Zahra Zaviera , Maria Sidabutar Carolina , Eskalatin Khaira , Tamzil Nia Savitri , Lusiana Evi , Oktariana Desi , Dwi Prasasty Gita , Parisa Nita
Published: May 2023

Oxidative stress is an imbalance in the quantity of reactive species and antioxidant activity that is often associated with inflammatory diseases. Inflammation is the main cause of morbidity in most of the world's population. Inflammation occurs when there is an invasion of foreign bodies and pathogenic agents such as bacteria, parasites, and viruses that cause activation of the immune system. The protective effect of the inflammatory process is actually very good under normal circumstances. However, in chronic inflammation, tissue damage becomes uncontrollable and can lead to various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and neoplastic transformation. For inflammatory therapy, steroids and non-steroidal drugs (NSAIDs) are usually used, but the use of these drugs can have serious long-term effects. Therefore, the development of anti-inflammatory agents from natural sources such as certain plant species that are safe, efficacious, biocompatible and cost-effective is a rational strategy that can be used to treat inflammatory diseases. One of its species, Guazuma ulmifolia or Dutch teak plant, is widely used in traditional medicine because it contains bioactive compounds, especially proanthocyanidins and flavonoids which have anti-oxidant and anti- microbial properties. The leaves and flowers of Guazuma ulmifolia can be used in fever, gastrointestinal disease, kidney disease and diabetes. Guazuma ulmifolia can protect the gastric mucosa against the harmful effects of NSAIDs through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant mechanisms. The extract of Dutch teak leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia) was also effective in reducing the expression of myeloperoxidase in the pulmonary tissue of Wistar white rats with pulmonary contusions

.