bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fucoidan Attenuated Kidney and Bone Damage Caused by CKD-MBD in Mice by Upregulating Klotho
Authors: Lu Tao , Dou Mang , Yang Chengyi , Hu Qiangyan , Wang Yin’e , Pan Suxia
Published: July 2023

Background

Fucoidan is a phosphorylated polysaccharide extracted from seaweed that has a renal protective effect. However, whether Fucoidan can be used to prevent chronic kidney disease with mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) is still a mystery and thus becomes the target of this research.

Materials and Methods

CKD-MBD mouse models were constructed, and the effects of Fucoidan and Klotho on CKD-MBD were determined through treatment of Fucoidan (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) by gavage or tail vein injection of Klotho specific to small interfering RNA (siKlotho). The biochemical indicators related to renal function and bone metabolism in serum were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone density was measured by X-ray. The effect of Fucoidan or siKlotho on kidney damage was tested by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining or Elastica Masson-Goldner (EMG) staining. The expressions of Klotho, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in kidney tissue after Fucoidan treatment and/or siKlotho injection were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, or Western blot.

Results

Fucoidan treatment inhibited the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), while promoting 1,25 (OH)2D3 levels in serum. Fucoidan also increased bone density in mice, alleviated kidney damage and fibrosis of kidney tissue, promoted the expression of Klotho and Runx2, and inhibited the expression of α-SMA in kidney tissue. However, the above-mentioned therapeutic effects of Fucoidan were all reversed by siKlotho.

Conclusion

Fucoidan prevents CKD-MBD by up-regulating Klotho levels.
‘Teaching for the Time Being’: Teaching and Teacher Identity in Low-fee Private Schools in Semi-urban Delhi
Authors: Sharma Poonam
Published: July 2023

It is well known that teachers are central to education reforms and to providing high-quality instruction. The National Curriculum Framework 2005 identifies the need for professionally qualified teachers and the need to enhance the professional identity of schoolteachers. Low-fee private schools are often presented as a solution to the supposedly poor quality of education provided by government schools. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines the micro-managed context of teachers’ work in low-fee private schools in semi-urban Delhi. It illustrates ways in which curriculum and pedagogy were used to control teachers’ work and analyses these observations in the light of New Public Management discourses. This article argues that teachers strongly constructed their work as provisional and used silence and exit as a way to cope within the highly regulated work environments of the school.
Unilateral vascular hamartomas of the vaginal tunic in a dog
Authors: Barrantes Murillo Daniel Felipe , Newsom Ellen , Edwards John F. , Joiner Kellye
Published: July 2023

A 12-y-old, male Dachshund was presented for elective orchiectomy. The testes were of normal size. The left testis had numerous dark-red, blood clot–like foci within the vaginal tunic over the pampiniform plexus, epididymis, and testis. Histologically, the red foci were limited to the vaginal tunic and consisted of disorderly growing, variably sized, thin-walled blood vessels lined by a single layer of endothelial cells without mitoses and supported by a thin layer of pericytes. The blood vessels were distended by erythrocytes without thrombus formation. Endothelial cells had cytoplasmic immunolabeling for CD31; pericytes had strong cytoplasmic immunolabeling for α–smooth muscle actin. Our case of subclinical unilateral vascular hamartomas of the vaginal tunic in a dog has not been reported previously in domestic animals or humans, to our knowledge.
A Recombinant Framework of Technological Information Disclosure and Reward-Based Crowdfunding Performance of Technology Projects
Authors: Jiang Han , Zhang Yuchen , Jiao Jie
Published: July 2023

We develop a recombinant framework of technological information disclosure by integrating the insights of the recombinant innovation perspective and the crowdfunding literature. We propose that the technological information disclosed in a technology project’s crowdfunding description can boil down to two recombinant features, that is, the number of disclosed technological domains ( N) and the interdependence thereof ( K). We further posit that the N and K of disclosed technological information about a project have distinct implications for crowdfunders’ perceived usefulness and complexity of the project’s rewards, thus affecting crowdfunding performance in distinct ways. That is, N has an inverted U-shaped effect on crowdfunding performance, while K has a monotonically negative effect on crowdfunding performance. Such effects of N and K of disclosed technological domains are further moderated by crowdfunders’ knowledge about the disclosed technological domains. Evidence from the field data from Kickstarters.com and a scenario-based study support our predictions.
Faultlines, Familiarity, Communication: Predictors and Moderators of Team Success in Escape Rooms
Authors: O. Szabó Rebeka , Battiston Federico , Koltai Júlia
Published: July 2023

We contribute to faultline research by identifying familiarity and cross-subgroup communication as potential moderators in the relationship between diversity faultline and team performance. We employ a novel experimental design utilizing escape rooms as a noninterventional social laboratory, enabling us to capture real-time interactions among 40 teams engaged in problem-solving activities. We find that team familiarity has a negative influence and a suppression effect on success. Faultline affects team success negatively when faultline-induced subgroups do not communicate enough with each other. Our work contributes to a better understanding of complex processes and interdependencies that lead to team success or failure.
Efficacy of velocity feedback control for suppression of the friction-induced oscillation due to mode-coupling instability in a two degrees-of-freedom mechanical system
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Malas Anindya
Published: July 2023

The present article focuses on suppressing mode-coupling instability in frictional systems, which can cause unwanted vibrations such as squeal in braking systems. Mode-coupling instability occurs when two or more modes of a system approach each other. This article proposes the use of resonant velocity feedback control to eliminate friction-induced oscillations generated by mode-coupling instability. A two degree-of-freedom linear model is used to capture the instability due to friction-induced mode coupling. The efficacy of the control is demonstrated through linear stability analysis, and by optimizing control parameters using pole crossover method to minimize the transient time of the response. The robustness analysis demonstrates the ability of the control to effectively mitigate the instability even under parametric perturbations. The controlled system is simulated in MATLAB Simulink to validate analytical results. The effects of time delay, which is commonly present in feedback systems, are also investigated. Finally, the effectiveness of the control is studied in the presence of nonlinearity in the system. The nonlinear dynamics are analyzed by creating bifurcation diagrams with different bifurcation parameters.
Numerical investigation of structural models equipped with tuned liquid damper
Authors: Bitew Lidiya , Habte Bedilu
Published: July 2023

Tuned liquid dampers (TLDs) are introduced in structural systems to suppress vibration of the structure due to dynamic actions. Using a grid-based Finite Volume Method-Finite Element Method (FVM/FEM), efficiency of TLDs of cylindrical and rectangular geometries was evaluated by performing a two-way Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis. The nonlinear sloshing response of fluid was simulated by employing a three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equation as the governing equation and occurrence of wave breaking was accounted by using Volume of Fluid (VOF) method for free surface tracking. Utilizing the developed numerical model, a series of three-dimensional transient analysis were conducted on a structure with and without TLDs aiming to investigate effect of base excitation amplitude. The result show that maximum performance of TLDs at resonance is obtained when the forcing ratio is limited to 0.1, and for this case, both cylindrical and rectangular TLDs displayed comparable efficiency. Effect of excitation frequency fe was also investigated under a wide range of the forcing ratio showing that as fe increases, the natural frequency of coupled TLD-structural system approaches the natural frequency of un-damped structural system.
Dynamic Price Competition for Low-Cost Silver Plans on Healthcare.gov 2014–2021
Authors: Ludwinski Daniel , Anderson David M.
Published: July 2023

More than 16 million people receive health care coverage through the Affordable Care Act’s (ACA) individual health insurance marketplaces. Many enrollees receive premium subsidies that are tied to the premium of the second least expensive silver plan available. This study investigates the consistency of the least expensive silver plan offered on Healthcare.gov from 2014 to 2021 and finds that on average, from one year to the next, the same insurer offered the least expensive silver plan in 63.1% of counties representing 54.7% of the population. However, even when the same insurer offers the least expensive plan, almost half the time, they introduce a new, less expensive plan in the next policy year. Consequently, ACA enrollees who previously purchased the least expensive silver plan may face incremental premium costs unless they spend time and effort to carefully reevaluate their choices each year. We estimate the potential premium cost of inattention and show how it varies over time and across states.
“You Can’t Meet Everyone's Needs After-Hours”: After-Hours Domestic and Family Violence Services in Rural and Remote Areas
Authors: Hanley Natalia , MacPhail Catherine
Published: July 2023

Domestic and family violence is a significant issue in the Murrumbidgee region of New South Wales, Australia, mirroring national and international concerns about gender-based violence. Generally, there are known barriers associated with providing domestic and family violence (DFV) services in rural and remote communities; however, little research has considered the specific service needs and service barriers in the after-hours period. This is crucial. The already limited rural and remote services available during business hours are further constricted in the after-hours period. This article reports on research about after-hours service need and service challenges in six target communities in the Murrumbidgee region.
Retinal neurodegeneration in age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Barresi Costanza , Chhablani Jay , Dolz-Marco Rosa , Gallego-Pinazo Robero , Berni Alessandro , Bandello Francesco , Borrelli Enrico
Published: July 2023

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex and multifactorial disease characterized by the damage of the unit comprised of the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), Bruch's membrane, and choriocapillaris. Although the outer retina appears to be mainly affected in this disorder, several evidences exhibit that also the inner retina may be impaired. In this review we will provide a description of the prominent histologic and imaging findings suggesting an inner retinal loss in these eyes. In details, structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology proved either the inner and outer retina is impacted by AMD and that these two impairments are associated. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a description of the role of neurodegeneration in AMD in order to better understand the relationship between neuronal loss and the outer retinal damage in this disease.
‘Maybe one way forward’: Forging collective collegiality in the neoliberal academy
Authors: Gavin Mihajla , Grabowski Simone , Hassanli Najmeh , Hergesell Anja , Jasovska Pavlina , Kaya Ece , Klettner Alice , Small Jennie , Walker Christopher N , Weatherall Ruth
Published: July 2023

Tension between individual and communal interests is endemic in neoliberal universities. As a group of 10 academics from a Business School in an Australian University, we employed the collective research method of memory-work to investigate how collegiality is experienced and learnt by academics. Although collegiality is employed to enable productivity and efficiency in the neoliberal university, our diverse yet intersecting experiences of collegiality diverged from this institutional construct. We shared and explored our memories of collegiality together during the COVID-19 pandemic and learnt how collegiality emerges through acts of care which produce feelings of support, visibility, and equality, thereby improving our wellbeing at work. We propose the concept of ‘collective collegiality’ as sitting alongside institutionalised notions of collegiality, representing a ‘counter space’ to performative notions of collegiality and enabling us to learn from each other how to navigate, survive, and even thrive, in the neoliberal academy. By enacting the lived experience of collective collegiality, we bring to light alternatives to neoliberal workplace ideals which may foster more organic, flexible workplaces and ways of working together.
Circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular disease are related to aneurysm volume in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Bouwens Elke , Vanmaele Alexander , Hoeks Sanne E , Verhagen Hence JM , Fioole Bram , Moelker Adriaan , ten Raa Sander , Hussain Burhan , Oliveira-Pinto José , Bastos Gonçalves Frederico , Ijpma Arne S , Hoefer Imo E , van Lier Felix , Akkerhuis K Martijn , Majoor-Krakauer Danielle F , Boersma Eric , Kardys Isabella
Published: July 2023

Background:

Surveillance programs in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are mainly based on imaging and leave room for improvement to timely identify patients at risk for AAA growth. Many biomarkers are dysregulated in patients with AAA, which fuels interest in biomarkers as indicators of disease progression. We examined associations of 92 cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related circulating biomarkers with AAA and sac volume.

Methods:

In a cross-sectional analysis, we separately investigated (1) 110 watchful waiting (WW) patients (undergoing periodic surveillance imaging without planned intervention) and (2) 203 patients after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The Cardiovascular Panel III (Olink Proteomics AB, Sweden) was used to measure 92 CVD-related circulating biomarkers. We used cluster analyses to investigate protein-based subphenotypes, and linear regression to examine associations of biomarkers with AAA and sac volume on CT scans.

Results:

Cluster analyses revealed two biomarker-based subgroups in both WW and EVAR patients, with higher levels of 76 and 74 proteins, respectively, in one subgroup versus the other. In WW patients, uPA showed a borderline significant association with AAA volume. Adjusting for clinical characteristics, there was a difference of −0.092 (−0.148, −0.036) loge mL in AAA volume per SD uPA. In EVAR patients, after multivariable adjustment, four biomarkers remained significantly associated with sac volume. The mean effects on sac volume per SD difference were: LDLR: −0.128 (−0.212, −0.044), TFPI: 0.139 (0.049, 0.229), TIMP4: 0.110 (0.023, 0.197), IGFBP-2: 0.103 (0.012, 0.194).

Conclusion:

LDLR, TFPI, TIMP4, and IGFBP-2 were independently associated with sac volume after EVAR. Subgroups of patients with high levels of the majority of CVD-related biomarkers emphasize the intertwined relationship between AAA and CVD. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03703947.
Using data matching to compare subjective assessments of daylighting environments between Singapore and Nanjing
Authors: Kong Zhe , Fu Yue , Jakubiec J Alstan , Tian Zhen
Published: July 2023

This study compares subjective evaluations of daylighting environments from two universities: the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) in Singapore and Southeast University (SEU) in Nanjing, China. Two hundred and twenty-nine students evaluated their instantaneous daylighting environments. Four representative daylighting predictors, horizontal illuminance, vertical illuminance, mean luminance of an entire scene and CIE Glare Index (CGI), were matched between two universities using a propensity score matching method. Eighty-eight participants, 44 from each university, were matched in terms of these four daylighting predictors. The results demonstrate that there are statistically significant differences in subjective assessments between these two locations. Under quantitatively similar daylighting environments, more participants at STUD reported adequate daylighting levels with a noticeable degree of daylight glare, as well as desires to decrease current daylighting levels. On the other hand, more participants at SEU reported inadequate daylighting levels with an imperceptible degree of daylight glare, as well as desires to increase current daylighting levels. One reason for subjective assessment differences might be dissimilar socio-environmental contexts, where the participants are acclimatized to different daylighting environments between Singapore and Nanjing.
Migratory dependency and the death penalty: Foreign nationals facing capital punishment in the Gulf
Authors: Harry Lucy , Hoyle Carolyn , Hutton Jocelyn
Published: July 2023

This article focuses on the cases of 664 foreign nationals, the majority of whom are migrant workers, under sentence of death across the Gulf states (including Jordan and Lebanon) between 2016 and 2021. The features of these cases suggest that they are inextricably linked to migrant workers’ dependency under the kafala system, with examples of migrants duped into smuggling drugs across the border by their migrant broker, and once in country, accounts of violent altercations due to disputes about exit visas, and in the case of migrant domestic workers, self-defence against sexual violence. Engaging with the burgeoning literature on immigration, exploitation and criminalisation, as well as scholarship on capital punishment, this article will explore the multiple and unique layers of dependency fostered by the kafala system that place migrant workers at higher risk of the death penalty in these Gulf jurisdictions.
Framing responsibilities for climate change in Chinese and American newspapers: A corpus-assisted discourse study
Authors: Liu Ming , Huang Jingyi
Published: July 2023

This study conducts a corpus-assisted discourse study of framing responsibilities for climate change in China Daily (CD) and The New York Times (NYT). Based on the distinction between causal and treatment responsibilities, it focuses on the framing of human and non-human causal responsibilities as well as developed and developing countries’ causal and treatment responsibilities for climate change in the two newspapers. The findings suggest that CD tends to show consensus on the human causes of climate change while NYT is inclined to problematize human causes for climate change. While both newspapers favor treatment over causal responsibilities, CD prefers to underline developed countries’ historical causal responsibilities for climate change and urges developed countries to take more treatment responsibilities for climate change, whereas NYT prefers to underscore developing countries’ current causal responsibilities for climate change and their shared treatment responsibilities for climate change.
Collaborative research for transitioning to Climate-Neutral Cities – contouring a prospective framework for integrated planning
Authors: Istrate Aura-Luciana , Popartan Lucia-Alexandra , Auerbach Jeremy , Gaspari Jacopo , Tavangar Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2023

Transitioning to climate-neutral cities is difficult in practice, depending on complex urban activities and involving a vast range of stakeholders. Cities need ongoing support for assessing and implementing climate-neutral solutions. Following multi-country, collaborative academic workshops on this topic, we debate the use of new technologies and integrated planning approaches. We contour a preliminary framework underpinned by five key dimensions (urban nature; urban mobility; built form; energy; and circularity), triangulated with three research pillars: 1) citizen engagement, 2) city governance decision-making, supported by 3) digital technology. This essay proposes digital technologies as a bridge between bottom-up and top-down directions, challenges silo-thinking, and informs a cross-disciplinary, integrated climate-neutral planning process (in Europe).
Sense of Belonging and Transition to College: A Qualitative Case Study of Freshmen and Sophomores in Physics and Chemistry
Authors: Kang Rui , Mahabaduge Hasitha , Flores Peter Rosado
Published: July 2023

Difficulty in retaining college students in STEM majors is one of the key contributors to the scarcity of STEM graduates and a short supply of STEM workers in the United States. Two factors that are closely related to retention and achievement are transition to college and sense of belonging and involvement. We conducted a case study to explore the transitional experiences and sense of belonging of five low-income, academically talented college freshmen and sophomores in chemistry and physics. Although participants reported a high sense of belonging, this alone did not necessarily lead to retention. Involvement in academic organizations and activities such as clubs and research groups played a more important role in the scholars’ decisions to remain in their degree programs. The findings of our research also suggest that faculty in STEM areas may benefit from systematic professional development with a focus on curriculum design and pedagogy.
Efficacy and Safety of Different Trapezium Implants for Trapeziometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Seth Ishith , Bulloch Gabriella , Seth Nimish , Fogg Quentin , Hunter-Smith David J. , Rozen Warren M.
Published: July 2023

Background: The trapeziometacarpal joint (TMCJ) is the most common hand joint affected by osteoarthritis (OA), and trapezium implant arthroplasty is a potential treatment for recalcitrant OA. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of various trapezium implants as an interventional option for TMCJ OA. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library databases were searched for relevant studies up to May 28, 2022. Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines were adhered to, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO. The methodological quality was assessed by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools for observational studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Subgroup analyses were performed on different replacement implants; the analysis was done using Open Meta-Analyst software and P values <.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 123 studies comprising 5752 patients were included. Total joint replacement (TJR) implants demonstrate greater significant improvements in visual analogue scale pain scores postoperatively. Interposition with partial trapezial resection implants were associated with highest grip strength and highest reduction in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. Revision rates were highest in TJR (12.3%) and lowest in interposition with partial trapezial resection (6.2%). Conclusion: Total joint replacement and interposition with partial trapezial resection implants improve pain score, grip strength, and DASH scores more than other implant options. Future studies should focus on high-quality randomized clinical trials comparing different implants to accumulate higher quality evidence and more reliable conclusions.
Synthesis of a new diarylhydrazone derivative and an evaluation of its in vitro biofilm inhibition and quorum sensing disruption along with a molecular docking study
Authors: Boudiba Sameh , Tamfu Alfred Ngenge , Hanini Karima , Selatnia Ilhem , Boudiba Louiza , Saouli Ibtissam , Mosset Paul , Ceylan Ozgur , Egbe Daniel Ayuk Mbi , Sid Assia , Dinica Rodica Mihaela
Published: July 2023

Molecules that target quorum sensing and biofilm inhibition are useful antimicrobials. In this regard, a new diarylhydrazone was synthesized and characterized using infrared, high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments as N-[( E)-4-bromo-2,5-diheptyloxybenzylideneamino]-2,4-dinitroaniline (BHBANA). Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) vary from 0.625 to 2.5 mg mL−1. This compound was screened in vitro for its inhibition of quorum sensing–mediated violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum CV12472 at MIC and sub-MIC and showed percentage inhibition varying from 100% at MIC to 5.7% ± 0.2% at MIC/32. Against Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, BHBANA exhibited anti-quorum-sensing zone diameters of 10.5 ± 0.3 mm and 7.0 ± 0.1 mm at MIC and MIC/2, respectively. BHBANA shows concentration-dependent inhibition of swarming motility on flagellated Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 with the highest % inhibition of 28.30% ± 0.50% μg mL−1 at MIC. The product inhibits biofilm formation, with the best biofilm inhibition being observed against Staphylococcus aureus varying from 72.24% ± 0.86% (MIC) to 09.82% ± 0.10% (MIC/8). Molecular docking studies carried out utilizing the Schrodinger software identified interactions between BHBANA and different receptor compartments of Chromobacterium violaceum, which can block pathogenic gene expression. The results suggest the potential of BHBANA in reducing microbial virulence.
Revisiting memoricide: The everyday killing of memory
Authors: Webster Scott
Published: July 2023

Memoricide, it seems, is memory made rubble and ash. Its emblematic imagery is of scenes many would find familiar: burning ash-snow from Sarajevo’s Vijecnica; satellite images of Palmyra’s missing structures; the exploding Bamiyan Buddhas. Physically altering space is understandably a highly visible tactic. However, when explicitly built into definitions, the emphasis on physical destruction has been on specific forms targeted: archival institutions, monuments, memorials and heritage sites. This article revisits memoricide as a range of converging physical, social and discursive strategies. It introduces ‘everyday’ memoricide – the normalisation of memory erasure as mundane practices – which ordinarily masks its intelligibility as memoricide through ‘common sense’ or ‘greater good’ discursive frames. The sacred Djab Wurrung trees, threatened by the Victorian State Government’s Western Highway project, and a felled Directions Tree in particular, provide a still unfolding case study within the broader history of Australian memoricide.
Cardiac therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Shah Md Nur Ahad , Yokota Toshifumi
Published: July 2023

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease that results in life-limiting complications such as loss of skeletal muscle function as well as respiratory and cardiac complications. Advanced therapeutics in pulmonary care have significantly reduced respiratory complication–related mortality, making cardiomyopathy the main determinant factor of survival. While there are multiple therapies such as the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and ventilatory assistance targeted toward delaying the disease progression in DMD, a cure remains elusive. In the last decade, several therapeutic approaches have been developed to improve patient survival. These include small molecule–based therapy, micro-dystrophin gene delivery, CRISPR-mediated gene editing, nonsense readthrough, exon skipping, and cardiosphere-derived cell therapy. Associated with the specific benefits of each of these approaches are their individual risks and limitations. The variability in the genetic aberrations leading to DMD also limits the widespread use of these therapies. While numerous approaches have been explored to treat DMD pathophysiology, only a handful have successfully advanced through the preclinical stages. In this review, we summarize the currently approved as well as the most promising therapeutics undergoing clinical trials aimed toward treating DMD with a focus on its cardiac manifestations.
Competitiveness based logistics performance index: An empirical analysis in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries
Authors: Polat Mustafa , Kara Karahan , Acar Avni Zafer
Published: July 2023

Logistics, beyond being a strategically important function for global supply chains, is a sector of considerable size in terms of the global economy. Thus, economy-wide logistics capabilities have a strategic impact at the national level, supporting countries to achieve a global competitive advantage. For this reason, the logistics performances of the countries not only show the success of using their existing logistics capabilities but also provide significant indications about their competitiveness at the global level. Due to this strategic impact, this study aims to deal with the logistics performances of OECD countries from the perspective of competitiveness and to determine the competitiveness-based logistics performance index (CB-LPI). For this purpose, data envelopment analysis has been applied with two different techniques. The input variables are the Global Competitiveness Index, and the output variables are the Logistic Performance Index. In this empirical study, 7 inputs (infrastructure, skills, product market, financial system, information and communication technology adoption, business dynamism, innovation capability) and 6 output variables (Customs, Infrastructure, International shipments, Logistics quality and competence, Tracking and tracing, Timeliness) have been used. This study is handled in a total of 5 periods. These periods are 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018. As a result, it was determined that the competitive logistics performances of 8 countries (Australia, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey) were at the level of full efficiency in each period in the application of both techniques. In addition, the CB-LPI covering all OECD countries has been established. Based on the scores obtained, country-based suggestions for countries have been developed.
A Retrospective Cohort Study of Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Initiation and Meaningful Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Among Youth With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tremblay Elise Schlissel , Bernique Allison , Garvey Katherine , Astley Christina M.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use improves type 1 diabetes (T1D) outcomes, yet children from diverse backgrounds and on public insurance have worse outcomes and lower CGM utilization. Using novel CGM data acquisition and analysis of two T1D cohorts, we test the hypothesis that T1D youth from different backgrounds experience disparities in meaningful CGM use following both T1D diagnosis and CGM uptake.

Methods:

Cohorts drawn from a pediatric T1D program were followed for one year beginning at diagnosis ( n = 815, 2016-2020) or CGM uptake ( n = 1392, 2015-2020). Using chart and CGM data, CGM start and meaningful use outcomes between racial/ethnic and insurance groups were compared using median days, one-year proportions, and survival analysis.

Results:

Publicly compared with privately insured were slower to start CGM (233, 151 days, P < .01), had fewer use-days in the year following uptake (232, 324, P < .001), and had faster first discontinuation rates (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.61, P < .001). Disparities were more pronounced among Hispanic and black compared with white subjects for CGM start time (312, 289, 149, P = .0013) and discontinuation rates (Hispanic HR = 2.17, P < .001; black HR = 1.45, P = .038), and remained even among privately insured (Hispanic/black HR = 1.44, P = .0286).

Conclusions:

Given the impact of insurance and race/ethnicity on CGM initiation and use, it is imperative that we target interventions to support universal access and sustained CGM use to mitigate the potential impact of provider biases and systemic disadvantage and racism. By enabling more equitable and meaningful T1D technology use, such interventions will begin to alleviate outcome disparities between youth with T1D from different backgrounds.
Hierarchy of Evidence: An Appraisal Tool for Weighting the Evidence in Healthcare Design Research Based on Internal Validity
Authors: Jamshidi Saman , Pati Debajyoti
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

This inquiry aims to develop an appraisal tool to offer greater granularity in weighing evidence in the field of healthcare design research.

Background:

In evidence-based design (EBD), the goal is to implement interventions that result in a meaningful and optimal effect based on current best evidence. Although multiple appraisal tools (many adopted from medical disciplines) have been instrumental in evaluating studies in the field of healthcare design research to identify the best evidence, they do not necessarily consider the unique contexts of healthcare design research, and methodologies appropriate to the field.

Methods:

Five basic types of studies are ranked based on the level of confidence that they offer regarding the estimate of an effect: (1) meta-analysis studies, (2) causal studies, (3) correlational studies, (4) descriptive studies, and (5) anecdotal evidence. Causal studies are further divided into four levels based on the interaction of two factors: (1) type of intervention and (2) groups’ equivalency and extraneous variable control.

Results:

An eight-level hierarchy of evidence for healthcare design research is proposed that is expected to improve upon previous hierarchies in three major ways: (a) including research methods that are more relevant to healthcare design research, (b) enhancing evaluation accuracy and reliability by providing a clearer definition of studies based on their key components rather than using study labels alone, and (c) distinguishing different levels of evidence, particularly in causal studies.

Conclusions:

The proposed appraisal tool is developed specifically for EBD by reflecting on the unique context of healthcare design research and practice.
Factors Associated With Awareness, Adoption, and Implementation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention in Youth Sports
Authors: MacFarlane Alexander J. , Whelan Timothy , Weiss-Laxer Nomi S. , Haider Mohammad N. , Dinse Scott A. , Bisson Leslie J. , Marzo John M.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common injuries in adolescent athletes and result in significant financial and physical morbidity. Evidence-based programs designed to prevent ACL injury are effective. However, their adoption remains low. We sought to evaluate the awareness, evidence-based implementation, and barriers to implementation of ACL injury prevention programs (ACL-IPP) among youth athletic coaches.

Hypothesis:

Higher education level of the coach, higher level of training, number of teams coached, and coaching female teams would be associated with ACL-IPP implementation.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional survey

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

We conducted an email survey sent to all 63 school districts within Section VI of the New York State Public High School Athletic Association. We employed descriptive statistics and tests of correlation to identify factors associated with ACL-IPP implementation.

Results:

A total of 73% of coaches said they were aware of ACL-IPP, and only 12% of coaches implemented ACL-IPP according to best evidence. Coaches of higher competitive levels were more likely to adopt ACL-IPP ( P = 0.01), more likely to use them multiple times per week ( P = 0.03), and for ≥1 seasons ( P = 0.02). Coaches of multiple teams were more likely to adopt ACL-IPP ( P = 0.01). There were no differences in evidence-based implementation of ACL-IPP with gender coached or level of education of the coach.

Conclusion:

Overall awareness, adoption, and evidence-based implementation of ACL-IPP remain low. These results suggest that coaches at higher levels of play and multiple teams tend to use ACL-IPP more often. Gender coached and level of education do not appear to be associated with awareness or implementation.

Clinical Relevance:

Evidence-based ACL-IPP implementation remains low. Targeting coaches of younger athletes and fewer teams with local outreach programs and ACL-IPP may increase the implementation of ACL-IPP.
Disc regeneration by injectable fucoidan-methacrylated dextran hydrogels through mechanical transduction and macrophage immunomodulation
Authors: Li Weifeng , Zhou Pinghui , Yan Bomin , Qi Meiyao , Chen Yedan , Shang Lijun , Guan Jianzhong , Zhang Li , Mao Yingji
Published: July 2023

Modulating a favorable inflammatory microenvironment that facilitates the recovery of degenerated discs is a key strategy in the treatment of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). More interestingly, well-mechanized tissue-engineered scaffolds have been proven in recent years to be capable of sensing mechanical transduction to enhance the proliferation and activation of nucleus pulposus cells (NPC) and have demonstrated an increased potential in the treatment and recovery of degenerative discs. Additionally, existing surgical procedures may not be suitable for IDD treatment, warranting the requirement of new regenerative therapies for the restoration of disc structure and function. In this study, a light-sensitive injectable polysaccharide composite hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties was prepared using dextrose methacrylate (DexMA) and fucoidan with inflammation-modulating properties. Through numerous in vivo experiments, it was shown that the co-culture of this composite hydrogel with interleukin-1β-stimulated NPCs was able to promote cell proliferation whilst preventing inflammation. Additionally, activation of the caveolin1-yes-associated protein (CAV1-YAP) mechanotransduction axis promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and thus jointly promoted IVD regeneration. After injection into an IDD rat model, the composite hydrogel inhibited the local inflammatory response by inducing macrophage M2 polarization and gradually reducing the ECM degradation. In this study, we propose a fucoidan-DexMA composite hydrogel, which provides an attractive approach for IVD regeneration.
Cytomegalovirus hemorrhagic colitis in an immunocompetent patient with COVID-19 infection: A case report
Authors: Mehta Neha , Shah Sangam , Bhattarai Madhur , Chamlagain Rajan , Joshi Amir , Mehta Ashish , Koirala Dinesh
Published: July 2023

In coronavirus disease-19, we should suspect the opportunistic coinfections even in immunocompetent individuals. In the presence of recurrent gastrointestinal problems, colonoscopy should be done with biopsy and histopathology to diagnose the opportunistic infection, such as cytomegalovirus colitis, in patient with coronavirus disease-19. Here, we report a case of immunocompetent male with coronavirus disease-19 presenting with per rectal bleeding diagnosed as cytomegalovirus colitis.
The haunting diagnosis of malignancy in women with treatable reproductive system tuberculosis
Authors: Mremi Alex , Pyuza Jeremia J , Amsi Patrick , Shao Elichilia R , Nkya Gilbert , Jaabir Ummil , Andongolile Alice A , Pallagyo Angela
Published: July 2023

This study reports a case of female genital tuberculosis in a 46-year-old woman who presented to emergency department with abdominal pain and progressive abdominal distension. The patient was initially thought to have ovarian cancer based on clinical diagnosis and elevated cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) levels. Intra-operatively, no obvious ovarian tumor was encountered instead; disseminated creamy white patches on the uterus and left adnexa were seen. About 4500-mL straw-colored ascitic fluid and disseminated creamy white patches were also found on the bowels and omentum giving an impression of carcinomatosis. However, histopathology of the fallopian tube and ovary confirmed the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis as the underlying cause. Female genital tuberculosis often mimics tumors in its clinical appearance and symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. The key to diagnosing female genital tuberculosis is being suspicious as it is challenging to diagnose through laboratory tests or radiology. The mainstay of treatment for female genital tuberculosis is a combination of four antituberculosis drugs. Consideration of female genital tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis in women presenting with symptoms mimicking reproductive tumors is highly recommended as highlighted in this case report.
Towards multimodal boosting of motivation for fall-preventive physical activity in seniors: An iterative development evaluation study
Authors: Revenäs Å. , Ström L. , Cicchetti A. , Ehn M.
Published: July 2023

Background

Many seniors need to increase their physical activity (PA) and participation in fall prevention exercise. Therefore, digital systems have been developed to support fall-preventive PA. Most of them lack video coaching and PA monitoring, two functionalities that may be relevant for increasing PA.

Objective

To develop a prototype of a system to support seniors’ fall-preventive PA, which includes also video coaching and PA monitoring, and to evaluate its feasibility and user experience.

Methods

A system prototype was conceived by integrating applications for step-monitoring, behavioural change support, personal calendar, video-coaching and a cloud service for data management and co-ordination. Its feasibility and user experience were evaluated in three consecutive test periods combined with technical development. In total, 11 seniors tested the system at home for four weeks with video coaching from health care professionals.

Results

Initially, the system's feasibility was non-satisfactory due to insufficient stability and usability. However, most problems could be addressed and amended. In the third (last) test period, both seniors and coaches experienced the system prototype to be fun, flexible and awareness-raising. Interestingly, the video coaching which made the system unique compared to similar systems was highly appreciated. Nonetheless, even the users in the last test period highlighted issues due to insufficient usability, stability and flexibility. Further improvements in these areas are needed.

Conclusions

Video coaching in fall-preventive PA can be valuable for both seniors and health care professionals. High reliability, usability and flexibility of systems supporting seniors are essential.
Wearable devices in palliative care for people 65 years and older: A scoping review
Authors: Sandic Spaho Rada , Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth , Fotis Theofanis , Kymre Ingjerd Gåre
Published: July 2023

Objective

The objective of this scoping review is to map existing evidence on the use of wearable devices in palliative care for older people.

Methods

The databases searched included MEDLINE (via Ovid), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Google Scholar, which was included to capture grey literature. Databases were searched in the English language, without date restrictions. Reviewed results included studies and reviews involving patients aged 65 years or older who were active users of non-invasive wearable devices in the context of palliative care, with no limitations on gender or medical condition. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's comprehensive and systematic guidelines for conducting scoping reviews.

Results

Of the 1,520 reports identified through searching the databases, reference lists, and citations, six reports met our inclusion criteria. The types of wearable devices discussed in these reports were accelerometers and actigraph units. Wearable devices were found to be useful in various health conditions, as the patient monitoring data enabled treatment adjustments. The results are mapped in tables as well as a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) chart.

Conclusions

The findings indicate limited and sparse evidence for the population group of patients aged 65 years and older in the palliative context. Hence, more research on this particular age group is needed. The available evidence shows the benefits of wearable device use in enabling patient-centred palliative care, treatment adjustments and symptom management, and reducing the need for patients to travel to clinics while maintaining communication with healthcare professionals.
Using a complexity science approach to evaluate the effectiveness of just-in-time adaptive interventions: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Zhan , Smit Eline
Published: July 2023

Objective

Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), which allow individuals to receive the right amount of tailored support at the right time and place, hold enormous potential for promoting behavior change. However, research on JITAIs’ implementation and evaluation is still in its early stages, and more empirical evidence is needed. This meta-analysis took a complexity science approach to evaluate the effectiveness of JITAIs that promote healthy behaviors and assess whether key design principles can increase JITAIs’ impacts.

Methods

We searched five databases for English-language papers. Study eligibility required that interventions objectively measured health outcomes, had a control condition or pre-post-test design, and were conducted in the real-world setting. We included randomized and non-randomized trials. Data extraction encompassed interventions’ features, methodologies, theoretical foundations, and delivery modes. RoB 2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess risk of bias.

Results

The final analysis included 21 effect sizes with 592 participants. All included studies used pre- and post-test design. A three-level random meta-analytic model revealed a medium effect of JITAIs on objective behavior change ( g = 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI); 0.32 to 1.22), p < 0.001). The summary effect was robust to bias. Moderator analysis indicated that design principles, such as theoretical foundations, targeted behaviors, and passive or active assessments, did not moderate JITAIs’ effects. Passive assessments were more likely than a combination of passive and active assessments to relate to higher intervention retention rates.

Conclusions

This review demonstrated some evidence for the efficacy of JITAIs. However, high-quality randomized trials and data on non-adherence are needed.
Perceptions and Coping Strategies in English Writing Among Chinese Study-Abroad Graduate Students
Authors: Zhang Songcun , Hasim Zuwati
Published: July 2023

With the internationalization of higher education, more Chinese students are pursuing their postgraduate study in English-medium instruction (EMI) institutions abroad. Related studies have mostly investigated EMI policies and implementation and students’ attitudes; however, they have not examined how Chinese students cope in English-as-a-second-language environments, specifically in academic writing. This study examines Chinese students’ perceptions of English academic writing, difficulties, and coping strategies to complete academic writing requirements in Malaysian universities. Respondents, totalling 128, filled out a 51-item questionnaire. T-test was used for data analysis, and nine students were selected for qualitative interview. The results indicate significant differences in participants’ chances of practicing English writing before and after studying in Malaysia. Although they experienced challenges, such as insufficient prior English writing practice, lack of knowledge in English academic terms and expressions, and difficulty in identifying research gaps, they succeeded with help from teachers, peers, and workshops. Implications for EMI are provided.