bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Kepada Ibu Hamil Tentang Deteksi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak Dengan Apgar Score di Komunitas Ibu Hamil Puskesmas Gajahan Surakarta
Authors: Nurul Fikri Mufidah  , Adnan Faris Naufal  , Amalia Faradilla Rahim
Published: September 2024

Apgar is an examination of newborns with five aspects of assessment, namely skin color, heart rate, reflex response, active muscle tone and breathing. Early detection with assessment is very important for health and the growth and development process. A low Apgar score can indicate immunological abnormalities in the neonate such as respiratory, heart and neurological problems as well as a risk of neonatal sepsis. There is still little information on the Apgar assessment given to pregnant women. The partner of this service activity is the Pregnant Women's Community at Gajahan Surakarta Health Center. The aim of this outreach activity is to provide a forum for information to pregnant women at the Gajahan Surakarta Community Health Center about the Apgar assessment and determine the level of understanding of this education. A baby is said to be healthy if it has an Apgar score of more than seven. The educational method provided is through the lecture method, distributing leaflets about the Apgar score. To measure the level of understanding and knowledge, a pre-test was carried out before delivering the material and a post-test after being given education. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test comparison of 27 respondents, the average score increased from 77.7 to 91. Participants were enthusiastic in taking part in this activity and there was an increase in pregnant women's understanding of the Apgar score
Hubungan Pengetahuan PMIK Mengenai Pemusnahan Rekam Medis In Aktif Terhadap Efektivitas Pelayanan Rawat Inap Di Rumah Sakit X
Authors: Eka Rahmasari  , Dina Sonia  , Emy Wardatunisa
Published: September 2024

Background: Destruction is a process of physical destruction of medical record archives that have ended their function and use value. The knowledge of medical record officers greatly influences the ongoing process of shrinking and destroying medical record files. The main problem is the problem of inpatient medical records that are too many, resulting in storage of medical records not on available shelves, which are finally stored in cardboard boxes.Methods: Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The sampling technique used a total saturation sampling technique of 12 PMIK. Research Results: The results of the Chi square test showed that there was a significant relationship between PMIK's knowledge regarding the eradication of Inactive RMs and the effectiveness of inpatient services, with a p-value of 0.003. A p-value of less than 0.05 indicates a significant relationship between PMIK's knowledge regarding the eradication of Inactive RMs and the effectiveness of inpatient services.Conclusion: Extermination is still unscheduled and has not been carried out because there are obstacles, namely medical record officers often work with double jobs where there is no division of tasks so that the extermination has not been carried out.
Penetapan Kadar Vitamin C dalam Sari Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L. MERR) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV
Authors: Maya Syafira  , Anny Sartika Daulay  , Ridwanto Ridwanto  , Haris Munandar Nasution
Published: September 2024

Pineapple or which has the Latin name Ananas Comosus L. MERR has two main ingredients, namely vitamin C and manganese. Vitamin C is very important for the growth and development of the immune system and can help the absorption of iron from food, meanwhile manganese is a natural mineral that has antioxidant properties or can ward off evil compounds in the body and help increase the body's immunity to avoid the Covid-19 disease outbreak.. Therefore, researchers are interested in researching pineapple juice, because what people consume every day is pineapple juice. The aim of this research was to determine the levels of vitamin C in pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L. MERR) and whether the vitamin C content in pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L. MERR) can meet daily nutritional adequacy rates. This research method uses quantitative methods. Where is the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The independent variable is pineapple filtrate and the dependent variable is vitamin C content. The parameters of this research are vitamin C levels using the UV Spectrophotometry method. The conclusion of this study shows that the results of the examination of pineapple juice levels are 54.6816  21.6678 mcg/g, and the vitamin C content in pineapple juice can meet the daily nutritional adequacy figure, namely 33 mg to 76 mg.
Produksi Protein Sel Tunggal dari Kultur Saccharomyces cerevisiae dengan Medium Limbah Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus L. MERR)
Authors: Krisna Juniharta Napitupulu  , Yayuk Putri Rahayu  , Haris Munandar Nasution  , Minda Sari Lubis
Published: September 2024

Single cell protein is the term used for peoteins derived from microbes such as fungi. Pineapple waste is one of the alternative media that has easiest source of carbohydrates to obtain, so it has the potential for the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The purpose of this study was to determine wether pineapple waste could produce single cell protein production by adding nutrients to the fermentation medium. The research used in this research is experimental research. To determine the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Where the independent variables are the addition of nutrients and fermentation time on days 0,2,4,6  to see the dependant variable, namely the analysis of protein content, dry weight analysis of cells, analysis of glucose levels, pH and temperature analysis. The results of this study showed that the highest protein content was obtained in H4 fermentation by MFKN2, namely 0,43%, cell dry weight 0,851 grams, glucose content 1,3402%, ph 4,5, temperature 27,1 ⁰C. Meanwile, MFKN1 showed the highest protein content in H6 fermentation, namely 0,38%, cell dry weight 0,817 grams, glucose content 1,3397%, pH 4, temperature 26,2 ⁰C. The yield of glucose and pH tended to decrease as the fermentation process progressed until the last day of fermentation. The results of the temperature analysis tend to be stable as the fermentation process progresses until the last day of fermentation. The conclusion of this study is that pineapple waste can produced single cell protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture and has different protein production with the addition of nutrients in the fermentation medium.
Efektivitas Sabun Cuci Tangan Ekstrak Daun Afrika ( Vernonia amygdalina Del.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli
Authors: Panji Ratih Suci  , Cikra Ikhda Nur H.S  , Anita Candra Ningtyas  , Annisa Lailatul Maghfiroh
Published: September 2024

African leaf plants (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) is one of tradisional medicine and has pharmacological contain secondary metabolite such as Flavonoids, Saponin, Tanin and Alkaloid. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) in handsoap formulation on the growth of Escherichia coli. African left extract was obtained from maceration process with ethanol and phytochrmical screening was carried out.This study uses concentration of 0,5%, 1% and 2%. Antibacterial activity testing using scratch and disc diffusion methods. Tis study also evaluated the pyshical quality of the preparation which included organoleptic observation, homogeneity test, high foam test and antibacterial activity test. Antibacterial activity testing using scratch and disc disfusion methods. African pyctochemical screening was carried out. The result showed that the percentage of African leaf extract yield was 24,958%. The pH test gets a pH of 10-11 and 5-6 cm foam height test. The highest concentration of positive control of preparation containing alcohol (Dettol) with an average number og 4,72 mm ± 1,45 mm. Liquid soap preparation 1% with a diameter of inhibition of 3,93 mm ± 1,97 mm. The result of this study inhibit the growth of Eshcherichia coli bacteria.
Pengaruh Progressive Muscle Relaxation terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Keletihan Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisa
Authors: Monika Izza Nasrulloh  , Resti Yulianti Sutrisno  , Purnomo Widiyanto
Published: September 2024

Chronic Kidney Failure (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible disease characterized by a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In this disease, uremia impairs the kidney's ability to maintain metabolism and water and electrolyte balance. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in patients undergoing hemodialysis which impacts quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation is a type of non-pharmacological nursing intervention that can be used to treat fatigue in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The aim of this research is to determine the application of progressive muscle relaxation therapy to fatigue in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. The research design used is a case report. The instrument used to measure the level of fatigue is the Functional Assessment Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) fatigue scale. The intervention was carried out for ten to fifteen minutes over three days in the hospital hemodialysis unit and four days at the patient's home. Evaluation of respondents' level of fatigue was carried out on days 1, 5, and 8. The results of this study showed that the fatigue level score after intervention on day 1 was 16 (severe category), the score on day 5 was 20 (moderate category), and day 8 was 24 (moderate category). It can be concluded that progressive muscle relaxation therapy can reduce fatigue in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The results of this research can be applied independently by nurses for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis to reduce fatigue levels.
Penyusunan Instrumen Skala Stres Belajar pada Mahasiswa Baru
Authors: Alifah Nur Solikhah  , Egi Prawita
Published: September 2024

Stres belajar merupakan respon yang tidak menyenangkan yang dialami individu dan dapat mempengaruhi kondisi fisiologis serta psikososial mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun skala stres belajar dengan melalui tujuh tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) pemilihan konsep skala, (2) penciptaan indikator, (3) penyusunan aitem, (4) review eksternal dan uji keterbacaan, (5) validasi aitem melalui expert judgement, (6) uji coba, dan (7) uji reliabilitas. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 97 individu, dengan rincian 20 subjek untuk uji keterbacaan, 5 subjek untuk expert judgement, 20 partisipan untuk uji coba, dan 52 partisipan untuk pengujian akhir. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan 24 aitem awal, yang setelah melalui proses diskriminasi, disaring menjadi 21 aitem dengan nilai reliabilitas sebesar 0,856. Nilai reliabilitas yang tinggi ini menunjukkan bahwa skala yang dikembangkan memiliki konsistensi internal yang baik dan layak dijadikan sebagai instrumen pengukuran stres belajar. Dengan demikian, skala ini dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat stres belajar pada individu dan memberikan dasar bagi intervensi yang lebih tepat dalam konteks pendidikan.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Media Booklet terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Premenopause di Kelurahan Karangayu Semarang
Authors: Rema Putri Anganthi  , Rinda Intan Sari  , Vivi Sovianti
Published: September 2024

Premenopause is a transitional phase that women experience towards menopause. This phase is a physiological condition in women who have entered the aging process, characterized by a decrease in hormonal levels of estrogen in the ovaries. Premenopause occurs when women are aged between 39–51. Anxiety is the most common psychological problem faced by women in premenopause. This pre-experimental research determined the influence of the impact of health education media booklets on premenopausal anxiety rates among a sample of 46 respondents with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The researcher conducted a design evaluation to assess anxiety levels before and after receiving health education through a media booklet on physical and psychological changes during premenopause. The results showed that the minimum age of respondents was 40 and the maximum was 48. Most respondents were high school learners, 31 respondents. The Wilcoxon test yielded a value of 0.000, indicating a significant influence of the health education media booklet on the premenopausal anxiety rate in Karangayu village, Semarang. The researcher expects mothers nearly to the premenopause period to comprehend the signs and symptoms of premenopause, relying on verifiable information, to effectively manage this period.
The Relationship Between Parental Knowledge and Children’s Behavior in Disposing of Garbage
Authors: Noviana Sari  , Dadang Kusbiantoro  , Sylvi Harmiardillah  , Zusnia Ajeng Dewi Ningrum
Published: September 2024

Parents' knowledge of children's littering behavior is an important thing that needs to be considered by every parent. That needs to be considered by every parent, because it can help children's behavior towards a positive direction, especially in disposing of garbage. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge parents with children's behavior of throwing garbage. This research design uses correlation analytics with crosssectional approach. The sample of this study was 63 respondents using random sampling technique. The independent variable in this study is parental knowledge, while the dependent variable in this study is children's littering behavior. This study is the behavior of children to dispose of garbage. Data were collected using a questionnaire of parental knowledge knowledge questionnaire and observation of children's waste disposal behavior. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. p<0.05. The results showed that almost half (46.0%) of parents' knowledge was good, and more than half (66.7%) of children's behavior was good. More than half (66.7%) of children's behavior to dispose of garbage in its place with their own awareness. The results of data analysis the results of data analysis obtained a value of p = 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is a relationship between parental knowledge and children's behavior. Behavior to dispose of garbage. The results of this study are expected to be used as information about development in the community in parental knowledge with children's behavior of throwing garbage.
Pengaruh Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) terhadap Ruam Popok Batita
Authors: Ilma Aktisodyah Ersada  , Siska Ningtyas Prabasari
Published: September 2024

Background: Diaper rash cases in Indonesia have a relatively high prevalence in Central Java Province. Using disposable diapers on infants can have a negative impact on the skin, using them for too long can cause the skin to become damp so that the infants skin experiences irritation or rashes. Diaper rash is the most common skin problem caused by inflammation in areas covered by diapers such as genitals, buttocks, and inner groin. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of administration of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on diaper rash in infants. Method: This research used pre-experimental techniques with a group pre-test and post-test design. The sample for this research was 20 participants. Data analysis used Wilcoxon signed rank test to test the effect of VCO on diaper rash. Results: VCO administration had an effect on reducing rash scores with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Summary: This study concludes that administration of VCO is very effective in the treatment of diaper rash in infants.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu terhadap Penggunaan KB Suntik 1 Bulan di PMB Tri Utami Sari S.SiT Manyaran Semarang
Authors: Rina Maya Sari  , Nella Vallen  , Qomariyah Qomariyah
Published: September 2024

According to data collected from Midwifery Clinician Tri Utami Sari S.SiT Manyaran Semarang in 2022, injectable contraceptive users ranked first when compared to those using pills, condoms, IUDs, and implants. However, the use of 1-month injections is more common than 3-month injections. One of the factors is that the Fertile Spouse knowledge about 3 months of injectable contraception is still low, and the lack of support of the husband. This matter means that the use of 3 months of injective contraception is still small, approximately 300 of the 1240 participants. This cross-sectional study determined the correlation between a mother's knowledge and the use of a one-month injectable contraception. The study's population included a woman of fertile age who received a 1-month injectable contraception at the Midwifery Clinician Tri Utami Sari, S.SiT Manyaran. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique to gather a sample of 50 respondents. The Spearman rank correlation test found a p-value of less than 0.029, indicating no correlation between mother knowledge and one-month injectable contraception at Midwifery Clinician Tri Utami Sari S.SiT Semarang in the year 2023.
Hubungan Beban Kerja dengan Work Life Balance pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Wanda Aprilyasari  , Fitriyatus Sholikha  , Irvan Ardiansyah  , Moch Abdillah Islami  , Suratmi Suratmi  , Nurul Hikmatul Qowi
Published: September 2024

Work life balance is a problem experienced by health workers, one of which is in the nurse group. Nurses are faced with high role demands, where the tasks and responsibilities of activities that need to be completed at the same time, this will cause an imbalance in their personal lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between workload and work-life balance in nurses at the hospital. This correlation research design uses a crossectional approach. The research sample taken using total sampling amounted to 41 nurses. The research data was taken with a questionnaire sheet, then analyzed using the Spearman Rho test. The results showed that most (63.4%) nurses experienced heavy workload, and most (56,1%) nurses experienced currently work-life balance. Based on the results of the analysis using an ordinal scale with the Spearman Rho test, the p value = 0.000 (p <0.05) and the value = ─0.517, then H1 is accepted. There is a relationship between workload and work life balance in nurses at the hospital. Based on the results of the study, it is hoped that the hospital will pay attention in handling the tasks and responsibilities experienced by nurses so that nurses are able to manage time in completing their work to be maximized and directed without thinking about matters outside of their work.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Relaksasi Benson dan Aromaterapi Lavender terhadap Fatigue pada Pasien Kanker Payudara
Authors: Emilia Septiani  , Dwi Fitriyanti  , Anna Jumatul Laely
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer is when cells lose their ability to run mechanisms as they should and function normally. The global prevalence of breast cancer is 2.3 million women diagnosed with the disease. The side effects of treatment and the cancer itself often cause fatigue, one of the most common complaints of breast cancer patients. The most common management is a non-pharmacological therapy of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy to manage fatigue. This quasi-experimental research determined the influence of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy on fatigue in breast cancer patients with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. This study involved a total of 31 breast cancer patients, selected through a purposive sampling technique. The Wilcoxon test found a p-value of 0.014 (<0.05), indicating the effect of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy collaboration toward fatigue in breast cancer patients. Nurses anticipate the application of this research to manage patients' fatigue levels, while non-pharmacological therapeutic research could potentially lower fatigue rates in other chronic diseases by incorporating new variables and extending therapy duration for a more substantial impact.
Asuhan Keperawatan Keluarga Tn. S dengan Gangguan Sistem Muskuloskeletal : Gout Arthritis di Desa Kalibuntu Rt 04 Rw 03 Kecamatan Losari Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Lulu Fatimatuzzahro  , Esti Nur Janah  , Siti Fatimah  , Nur Umi Aminatusholihah
Published: September 2024

Non -communicable disease (PTM) is one of the increasing health problems in society every year and contributes to the largest proportion of death worldwide. According to a global status report on non -communicable diseases, non -communicable diseases can occur due to lack of exercise, smoking and malnutrition, which causes increased blood pressure, increased blood sugar levels and increased blood lipids. If not prevented, this increase will get worse and lead to chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, dysplidemia, gout arthritis and obesity. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 40 million people worldwide suffer from non -communicable diseases, with the cause of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and injuries to be the main cause (Syam'ani, 2023).
The Establishment and Application of a Vocational Ability Evaluation System for Students Specializing in Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Based on COMET Technology
Authors:   Chengdu Industry And Trade College，China, Wang Yan
Published: September 2024

With the development of vocational education in China, the comprehensive ability of students in higher vocational colleges and universities is widely concerned by society. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a reasonable and scientific comprehensive vocational ability evaluation system. Aiming at the problems existing in the current comprehensive vocational ability assessment of students in higher vocational colleges and universities, the vocational ability evaluation system based on COMET technology is proposed, the core elements of vocational ability cultivation are analyzed, and it is implemented and applied in the specialty of intelligent manufacturing equipment in a higher vocational college or university. The results show that the evaluation mode effectively improves students' vocational ability and vocational literacy so that students can better cope with the challenges brought by new industries and new technology.
Susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from blood cultures of neonates admitted with sepsis at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Munir Saqib , Hussain Mudassar , Rasheed Shahid , Arshad Salman , Ijaz Sidra , Qamar Nadia
Published: September 2024

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in developing countries like Pakistan, where epidemiologic surveillance of organisms and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns remains poor. The objective of this study is to identify common organisms implicated in neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns as well as the emergence of antibiotic resistance at a tertiary care hospital.
Material and Methods: This Retrospective descriptive study, Blood culture reports of neonates admitted to the Nursery of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital (Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College) with suspected sepsis from January 2020 to December 2022 were taken. 
Results: Blood culture reports were positive in 303 (12.8%) out of 2368 neonates. The proportion of gram-negative and gram-positive micro-organisms were 278 (91.7%) and 25 (8.3%) respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most predominant microorganism isolated (32.3%), followed by E coli (21.4%) and Citrobacter freundii (13.5%). Among the gram-negative microorganisms high level of resistance was seen with first-line agents, such as ampicillin (97.3%), third generation cephalosporins i:e cefotaxime (89.8%), while the majority of these organisms were sensitive to carbapenems (56.0%) and cefoperazone-sulbactam (53%). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus rate was 47.6% and no resistance to vancomycin and linezolid was detected.                 
Conclusion: This study shows the emergence of unusual gram-negative microorganisms causing neonatal sepsis and a high level of resistance to first-line empirical antibiotic therapy. This highlights the urgent need for the implementation of effective infections control program and antibiotics stewardship in neonatal ICU.
Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, Blood culture, Neonatal sepsis
Chandrayaan-3 Lander Module Configuration
Authors: Veeramuthuvel P. , Kalpana K. , Kumar G. Senthil , Ganesh P. V.
Published: September 2024

The demonstration of soft landing on lunar surface is a critical aspect for ISRO’s future inter-planetary missions. The second Indian mission to Moon, Chandrayaan-2 could not demonstrate soft landing in the final phases of its descent. Keeping this in mind, subsequently, as a follow on mission, Chandrayaan-3 was planned to achieve safe and soft landing on lunar surface for which its configuration was worked out considering the experience gained from Chandrayaan-2 performance. The Lander was made more robust and also strengthened to autonomously handle wider dispersions of parameters to achieve safe and soft landing. Improved descent trajectory with multiple mission path options to handle contingencies, design improvements in heritage sensors, enhanced guidance algorithms, complete redundancy implementation, overall system improvisation, enhanced Lander leg design to handle higher touchdown velocities, software improvements, enhanced Landing site area using Chandrayaan- 2 Orbiter High Resolution Camera (OHRC) camera images, extensive ground tests and on orbit characterization plan of Chandrayaan-3 Lander before power descent has enhanced the overall robustness of Lander. On 23rd August, 2023 Chandrayaan-3 Vikram Lander along with the Pragyan Rover executed a flawless landing on marking a significant milestone in India’s iconic space journey. This achievement has placed India as the fourth country to successfully master the technology of soft-landing on the Moon and first country to land a Lander and Rover near to lunar south pole. This paper brings out the overview of Lander along with details pertaining to its configuration, brief specifications, tests conducted, mission operations and mission accomplishments as well as in-situ science experiments
Post Landing Operations of Lander and Rover - In Orbit Experiences
Authors: Srikanth M. , Kiran Kumar K. , T Rethika , Uma Maheswara Rao V. , Sushma B. , Karidhal Ritu
Published: September 2024

In any lunar landing mission, there comes an opportunity to demonstrate the safe and soft landing of lander on the lunar surface. The Lander module in turn carries the Rover which will touchdown the lunar surface for performing mobility and scientific operations using scientific payloads onboard. The prime mission objective of any Rover is to maximize the Rover movement over the lunar surface and operating the Rover payloads at every point and ensuring safe movement of the Rover. Chandrayaan-3. the prestigious lunar mission of India, wherein the Pragyaan Rover was launched onboard Vikram Lander which safely landed on the Lunar south pole region on 23rd August 2023 at 12:34 UT. After landing, the lander and rover initiated the targeted activities as per plan. The lander mission operations involve deploying the rover, operation of lander payloads, record and playback operations of lander and rover data. The rover mission operations include the pre-commissioning of the rover in full healthy condition, payload operations, rover mobility operations, imager operations to capture the lander and the terrain traversed by rover, data download from rover to lander, thermal, power management, final orientations for power generation of each mobility, and rover parked at an appropriate orientation conducive for power generation for next wake up etc. The first-time hands on experience of operating the rover from ground could be achieved only by appropriate mission planning and support from all the sub-system teams. All the multi-disciplinary activities were carried out semi-autonomously from ground flawlessly. This paper provides the detailed mission operations carried out at lander and rover end post successful landing.
Propulsion Model for Chandrayaan-3 Lander Propulsion System
Authors: Devakumar T. , V Aaditya , B Ajith , K.S Bijukumar , Jayan N. , Arunkumar P. , Narayanan V.
Published: September 2024

Chandrayaan-3 Lander propulsion system designed and developed by Liquid Propulsion Systems Center (LPSC) played a vital role in achieving successful soft landing near the south pole of moon on 23rd August 2023. Four number of 800 N lander engines reduced the lander orbital velocity of 1683 m/s to 0 m/s at the designated landing site within a span of 1131s through a series of complex thrust control maneuvers while 8 Nos. of 58 N attitude control thrusters oriented the lander along the desired flight path. The throttleable propulsion system consisting of lander engines, control thrusters, flow control valves, flow control electronics package, propellant supply and regulation system along with numerous flow control elements is a sophisticated bi-propellant propulsion system which has undergone extensive development, testing and qualification process over a span of 6 years. The lander engines alone have undergone hot firings for a cumulative duration exceeding 21720 s over 107 hot tests on three different hardware as part of the qualification program. A unique element of the propulsion system involves a real-time throttling algorithm which regulates the engine thrust to meet the guidance and navigation thrust requirements every 16 ms in open-loop. The onboard algorithm is validated extensively through 23 Nos. of system level engine hot tests in addition to numerous computer simulations. A detailed analysis of the thrust regulation algorithm indicated an additive 3σ dispersion of ±5% in thrust setting accuracy and ±3% mixture ratio regulation in open-loop. In order to accurately regulate the total thrust, the onboard throttling algorithm is augmented with a novel closed loop thrust control logic based on real-time lander acceleration feedback with an regulation accuracy < 1%. In Chandrayaan-3 mission, the lander propulsion system performance is demonstrated through a series of planned deboosting maneuvers on lunar orbit 2 days prior to the actual powered descent of the Chandrayaan-3 lander. In flight experience of the performance of lander propulsion system and throttling algorithms are found to be within the acceptable dispersion. The closed loop thrust regulation algorithm has accurately maintained the lander guidance acceleration requirements throughout the powered descent duration of ~19 min resulting in precise nominal successful soft-landing of Chandrayaan-3 lander near the designated landing zone.
La educación de las emociones como fundamento del desarrollo de la creatividad
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, Rodríguez Loera Rocío
Published: September 2024

El estudio de las emociones ha sido abordado desde diferentes áreas de conocimiento a lo largo del tiempo, por lo que no es de extrañar que se encuentren definiciones que varíen entre sí, o bien, que muestran las distintas caras de los fenómenos emocionales. Así, por ejemplo, en la psicología del siglo XIX, las emociones eran definidas como estados de excitación orgánica que se manifestaba durante un periodo determinado y en una zona específica del cuerpo (Solomon, 1989). Si bien, por el mismo siglo, el estudio de las emociones estaba dirigido principalmente por la psicología, la sociología no era indiferente a este tema, y a pesar de no estructurar una definición concreta sobre emociones, reconoció el papel fundamental que tienen al momento de establecer relaciones sociales. Así, las emociones se presentaban como un elemento central en la interacción humana que favorecía la reproducción de conductas establecidas socialmente (Bjerg, 2019).
Desarrollo psíquico, cognitivo y creatividad en el aprendizaje del niño
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Acosta De Lira Jorge Armando , Reveles Rodríguez Estela ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: September 2024

En el presente capítulo se pretende explicar la importancia del desarrollo psíquico del niño y la correspondencia que establece con la capacidad creativa y el aprendizaje. Por una parte, el desarrollo psíquico infantil, nos lleva a afrontar el intercambio invariable de experiencias tanto objetivas como subjetivas, por otra parte, son las primeras relaciones objetales, aquellas figuras importantes y significativas, las encargadas de generar el clima emocional para las futuras relaciones y vínculos que va a desarrollar y consolidar el niño; en otras palabras, la forma en cómo se instauran los lazos en las primeras relaciones objetales van a determinar el estado mental en la vida adulta, así como el proceso de aprendizaje y creatividad.
MITIGATING THREATS IN MODERN BANKING: THREAT MODELING AND ATTACK PREVENTION WITH AI AND MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Gunnam Vinodh Gunnam , Kilaru Naresh Babu , Cheemakurthi Sai Krishna Manohar
Published: September 2024

The world of banking today can be regarded as a sphere that experiences higher levels of threats, which are complex and more effective, meaning that financial data has to be protected more accurately. This paper aims to review several threat modeling approaches to attack prevention in today's banking relationship with the presence of AI and machine learning. Explaining the plan of action in detail by referring to the simulation reports and actual times, the appropriateness of these technologies in identifying threats, and prediction and prevention of the threats that may occur is well illustrated. AI and machine learning make the threat detection process faster and more accurate; thus, one can take preventive measures that help prevent cyber-attacks. This report also discusses the issues concerned with using AI in security, where, among others, there are the privacy issues with data used in AI, how to integrate AI in security, and the fact that updates for AI technologies that handle security are always needed because threats can change often. Some recommendations regarding solutions for these challenges are presented concerning the current experience and possible further developments in the field of R&D. The conclusions suggest that AI and machine learning solutions should be employed to improve the defense of banks from cyber threats, as well as maintain customers' confidence in the digital environment. Therefore, integrating these advanced technologies will make it easier for the banks to counter cyber criminals and better protect their vital infrastructure.
AS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS À LUZ DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Zanelato de Souza Nicholas Henrique , Alves de Souza Garcia Rebeca
Published: September 2024

Desde a criação da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) em 1945, as questões ambientais ganharam destaque, firmando, mais à frente, o Direito Internacional Ambiental como sub-ramo do Direito Internacional. Contudo, a percepção das Mudanças Climáticas enfrentou desafios na transposição do conhecimento científico para a esfera político-jurídica. Diante disso, a pesquisa propõe uma análise a partir da interconexão das Mudanças Climáticas com diversos regimes jurídicos, sob a lente dos fenômenos da soft law e do conceito de transnormatividade. Assim, questiona-se a autonomia epistemológica desse ramo do direito, tendo como hipótese o fato de que não existem condições suficientes para assim atestar, pois a sociedade internacional baseou-se em um sistema adaptativo de enfrentamento às mudanças climáticas dentro do arcabouço maior do Direito Internacional Ambiental. A metodologia envolve pesquisa bibliográfica e técnica dedutiva. Conclui-se, por fim, quea implementação do regime jurídico das Mudanças Climáticas requer estratégias multidisciplinares e a integração de diferentes níveis da sociedade, demonstrando a complexidade e a necessidade de uma interpretação sistêmica e coerente com as escolhas tomadas a partir dos instrumentos normativos existentes.
A POSSIBILIDADE DE RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO DAS AUTORIDADES ISRAELENSES PERANTE O TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL PELA AÇÃO MILITAR NA FAIXA DE GAZA EM 2024: REFLEXÕES E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Cotrim Chaccur Ricardo
Published: September 2024

O conflito entre o governo de Israel e o grupo terrorista Hamas, iniciado em outubro de 2023, já produziu uma série de vítimas, além de sofrimento e destruição. Como resposta ao ataque do Hamas, Israel tem realizado uma operação militar na Faixa de Gaza que já resultou na morte de mais de 30 mil palestianos, dentre os quais 70% eram mulheres, idosos e crianças. Além de realizar um verdadeiro cerco contra a região da Faixa de Gaza, Israel dificultou o acesso a bens essenciais a sobrevivência de palestianos, como comida, água potável e energia. Para Israel as medidas são justificadas pelo seu direito de legítima defesa, mas para a maior parte da Sociedade Internacional, as ações militares de Israel, na Faixa de Gaza, são desproporcionais ao direito de legítima defesa e têm sido repudiadas e consideradas ilegais à luz do Sistema Jurídico Internacional e do Direito Humanitário. Recentemente, após a representação conjunta de alguns países membros do Tribunal Penal Internacional, a Procuradoria da Instituição iniciou uma investigação que pode resultar na emissão de mandados de prisão as autoridades israelenses pelas condutas que vem sendo praticadas na faixa de Gaza, e gerado uma grande discussão sobre o reconhecimento da jurisdição do Tribunal sobre o território da Palestina, bem como o enquadramento das ações militares israelenses como crimes tipificados no Estatuto de Roma de 1998.
Gommiels | Formulación y proceso de producción de gomitas de miel mediante el uso de agentes gelificantes para mejorar su textura y calidad
Authors: Bulacia Lea Plaza Andres
Published: September 2024

En el presente estudio se realizaron diferentes formulaciones preliminares de ositos de gomita a base de miel con el objetivo de mejorar la textura y reducir el contenido de azúcar. Se modificó la fórmula en diversas ocasiones, reemplazando el agua por gelatina con y sin sabor, además del uso de agentes espesantes como la goma xantana. Se llevo a cabo un análisis de características organolépticas con 30 participantes no entrenados para evaluar formulaciones. De igual forma se implementaron controles de calidad por cada etapa del proceso de elaboración para garantizar la calidad y la seguridad del producto terminado. Dichos resultados demostraron que la formulación sin cantidad de azúcar y una mayor proporción de goma xantana fue la mejor evaluada en términos de textura, debido a su mejor rigidez y menor viscosidad. Las modificaciones mencionadas permitieron obtener un producto final con una mejor aceptación sensorial por parte de los participantes.
En conclusión, las formulaciones preliminares desarrolladas son prometedoras y se recomienda continuar con la investigación optimizando la textura y la aceptación del producto terminado.
Sustainable Green Irrigation: A Comparative Economic and Environment Analysis of Solar VS Micro-Hydroelectric Tube Wells
Authors: Ahmad Nisar , Ur Rehman Jamshaid , Khurram Shahzad Hafiz , Kamran Hasan
Published: September 2024

Escalating fuel prices significantly impact irrigation costs, prompting scholars to seek sustainable solutions. This study compares two green irrigation systems for rural Pakistan: micro-hydroelectric and solar tube wells. Data from farmers, agroengineering experts, and INCPAK were analyzed for economic and environmental impacts. The findings show that micro-hydroelectric tube wells outperform solar tube wells in net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period (PP), and benefit-cost ratio (BRC). Both systems are environmentally friendly, emitting no CO2, but micro-hydroelectric wells have a greater positive impact on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution emissions (APE). While solar technology is a viable alternative, sun exposure limits its efficiency. The study concludes that micro-hydroelectric tube wells are a more sustainable and preferable option for rural areas with limited energy access and high fuel costs. This research supports policymakers in promoting eco-friendly irrigation technologies and suggests future studies on funding, market introduction, and impacts on productivity and welfare.
DEGREE DOMINATION
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, Ege University, ˙Izmir, Turkiye, Demirpolat Nazlıcan Cagla Demirpolat
Published: September 2024

A set S of vertices in a graph G is said to be a dominating set if every vertex V − S is adjacent to some vertex in S. A degree dominating function (DDF) is a function f : V (G) → {0, 1, 2, ..., 4(G) + 1} having the property that every vertex v of S is assigned with deg(v) + 1 and all remaining vertices with zero. The weight of a degree dominating function f is defined by w(f) = P v∈S deg(v) + 1. The degree domination number, denoted by γdeg, is the minimum weight of all possible DDFs. In this paper, we introduced a new domination parameter called degree domination and studied the degree domination numbers of some graph types.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FUZZY C - MEANS CLUSTERING AND ITS VARIANTS
Authors:   The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, ˙Izmir, Turkiye, Gurler Orkun
Published: September 2024

Fuzzy clustering algorithms are one of the most important techniques for analysing and extracting information from data when working with datasets containing overlapping clusters. Fuzzy clustering provides a more precise representation of complex data structures compared to conventional crisp (hard) clustering approaches. It accomplishes this by allowing data points to be assigned to multiple clusters with different degrees of membership. This paper provides an extensive review of various fuzzy clustering algorithms, such as Fuzzy C - Means (FCM) and its variations including Gustafson - Kessel (GK), Noise Clustering (NC), Possibilistic C - Means (PCM), Possibilistic Fuzzy C - Means (PFCM), Credibilistic Fuzzy C - Means (CFCM), and Kernel Fuzzy C - Means (KFCM). Their underlying mathematical theories, pseudocodes and applicability to different types of data are reviewed. Furthermore, the time complexity of these algorithms are analysed and a detailed comparison is presented to clarify their performance and scalability. By examining both theoretical aspects and empirical results, this study aims to provide a comprehensive knowledge of the trade-offs between computational efficiency and clustering accuracy. This analysis is intended to serve as a resource for researchers and practitioners in selecting appropriate fuzzy clustering techniques for their specific applications.
Analisis Hambatan Belajar Matematika Di Kelas IV Mis Darunnajah Cipining Bogor
Authors: Umi Nawal Mumtaz  , Heri Dermawan  , Nailil Muna Shalihah
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hambatan belajar matematika pada siswa kelas IV MIS Darunnajah Cipining Bogor dan mengeksplorasi upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Dalam pendahuluan, diuraikan bahwa matematika merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang sering dianggap sulit oleh siswa, sehingga mempengaruhi motivasi dan hasil belajar mereka. Hambatan-hambatan ini penting untuk diidentifikasi agar dapat diberikan solusi yang tepat guna meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran matematika di sekolah tersebut.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi di kelas, wawancara dengan kepala sekolah, guru, siswa, dan wali siswa, serta dokumentasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sementara untuk uji validitas data, peneliti menggunakan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan belajar yang dialami siswa antara lain kesulitan dalam memahami operasi hitung pecahan, kesulitan dalam menyamakan penyebut, dan kesulitan mengubah pecahan menjadi desimal. Faktor-faktor penyebab hambatan tersebut berasal dari faktor internal, seperti rendahnya motivasi belajar, dan faktor eksternal, seperti kurangnya variasi metode pengajaran serta penggunaan media pembelajaran yang kurang maksimal.  Dalam pembahasan, peneliti memaparkan bahwa guru telah berupaya mengatasi hambatan tersebut dengan berbagai strategi, seperti memberikan les privat, menerapkan variasi metode pengajaran, dan memberikan penghargaan kepada siswa berprestasi.  Kesimpulannya, dengan pendekatan yang tepat dan upaya yang berkelanjutan, hambatan dalam belajar matematika dapat diminimalisir, sehingga kualitas pembelajaran dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi matematika dapat meningkat.
CHINESE INVESTMENTS IN THE BALKANS THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE
Authors: Lazova Izabela
Published: September 2024

The article examines Chinese government investments in some of the countries of the Balkan Peninsula and how they affect local economies. The purpose of the research is to trace to what extent the countries of the Balkan Peninsula cooperate with the People‘s Republic of China following the „One Belt, One Road“ initiative. The main methods used are the analysis of publications and documents and the processing of statistical data on the subject. The main methods used are the analysis of publications and documents and the processing of statistical data on the subject. Infrastructure projects that improve the connectivity of the Balkans and are part of the planned transport corridors connecting the Mediterranean to Western Europe, as well as investments in industrial production and the extractive industry, were examined.
https://www.confuciusinstitute-velikoturnovo.bg/en/diplomaticheski-ikonomicheski-i-kulturni-otnosheniya-mezhdu-kitay-i-stranite-ot-tsentralna-i-iztoch/kitayskata-imperiya-prez-pogleda-na-misionerite-yezuiti-xvi-xviii-v-pavel-petkov
Authors: Petkov Pavel
Published: September 2024

During the 16th century quite a few European travelers came to China and wrote about their impressions, but they were not ready to look beyond the obvious order and prosperity of the country. The revelation of the inner spirit of the Chinese society remained a task for the 17th-century visitors when wealth and prosperity began to give way – in the minds of many European intellectuals – to less tangible things such as moral and political perfection. This new emphasis was even stronger because the main interpreters of China for 17th-century Europe were the Jesuit missionaries. This article examines their attitude towards the Chinese Empire.
THE THREE MAIN CULTS IN ANCIENT CHINA
Authors: Shishkova Yana
Published: September 2024

The present article traces the three main cults of Ancient China, presenting the latest findings and research related to the cult of fertility, the Chinese ancestor veneration, the cult of gods and the sacred animals through the Neolithic times, Xia and Shang dynasty.
THE GENERATION METHOD AND MOTIVATION EXAMINATION OF INTERNET SLANG PRONOUNS
Authors: Qiu Qingshan , Yin Siqin
Published: September 2024

Internet slang pronouns serve as a unique window to a profound understanding of online language and the observation of popular sentiments. They represent a distinctive approach to comprehending the overall structure and functional systems of language and play a vital role in deepening language vitality. This article is based on clarifying the conceptual content of internet slang pronouns and explores five main generation methods and their motivations from various perspectives such as social, cultural, psychological, and cognitive. This contributes to a thorough understanding of the reasons behind the popularity of internet slang pronouns and helps comprehend the fascinating mechanisms they bring to online and social communication.