bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total numbers and in-hospital mortality of patients with myocardial infarction in Germany during the FIFA soccer world cup 2014
Authors: Keller Karsten , Hobohm Lukas , Schmitt Volker H. , Engelhardt Martin , Wenzel Philip , Post Felix , Münzel Thomas , Gori Tommaso , Friedmann-Bette Birgit
Published: June 2021

Environmental stress like important soccer events can induce excitation, stress and anger. We aimed to investigate (i) whether the FIFA soccer world cup (WC) 2014 and (ii) whether the soccer games of the German national team had an impact on total numbers and in-hospital mortality of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in Germany. We analyzed data of MI inpatients of the German nationwide inpatient sample (2013–2015). Patients admitted due to MI during FIFA WC 2014 (12th June–13th July2014) were compared to those during the same period 2013 and 2015 (12th June–13th July). Total number of MI patients was higher during WC 2014 than in the comparison-period 2013 (18,479 vs.18,089, P < 0.001) and 2015 (18,479 vs.17,794, P < 0.001). WC was independently associated with higher MI numbers (2014 vs. 2013: OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01–1.07]; 2014 vs. 2015: OR 1.07 [95% CI 1.04–1.10], P < 0.001). Patient characteristics and in-hospital mortality rate (8.3% vs. 8.3% vs. 8.4%) were similar during periods. In-hospital mortality rate was not affected by games of the German national team (8.9% vs. 8.1%, P = 0.110). However, we observed an increase regarding in-hospital mortality from 7.9 to 9.3% before to 12.0% at final-match-day. Number of hospital admissions due to MI in Germany was 3.7% higher during WC 2014 than during the same 31-day period 2015. While in-hospital mortality was not affected by the WC, the in-hospital mortality was highest at WC final.
The fine-tuning of NPQ in diatoms relies on the regulation of both xanthophyll cycle enzymes
Authors: Blommaert Lander , Chafai Lamia , Bailleul Benjamin
Published: June 2021

Diatoms possess an efficient mechanism to dissipate photons as heat in conditions of excess light, which is visualized as the Non-Photochemical Quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence (NPQ). In most diatom species, NPQ is proportional to the concentration of the xanthophyll cycle pigment diatoxanthin formed from diadinoxanthin by the diadinoxanthin de-epoxidase enzyme. The reverse reaction is performed by the diatoxanthin epoxidase. Despite the xanthophyll cycle’s central role in photoprotection, its regulation is not yet well understood. The proportionality between diatoxanthin and NPQ allowed us to calculate the activity of both xanthophyll cycle enzymes in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum from NPQ kinetics. From there, we explored the light-dependency of the activity of both enzymes. Our results demonstrate that a tight regulation of both enzymes is key to fine-tune NPQ: (i) the rate constant of diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation is low under a light-limiting regime but increases as photosynthesis saturates, probably due to the thylakoidal proton gradient ΔpH (ii) the rate constant of diatoxanthin epoxidation exhibits an optimum under low light and decreases in the dark due to an insufficiency of the co-factor NADPH as well as in higher light through an as yet unresolved inhibition mechanism, that is unlikely to be related to the ΔpH. We observed that the suppression of NPQ by an uncoupler was due to an accelerated diatoxanthin epoxidation enzyme rather than to the usually hypothesized inhibition of the diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation enzyme.
Phylogenetic comparison and splice site conservation of eukaryotic U1 snRNP-specific U1-70K gene family
Authors: Fan Tao , Zhao Yu-Zhen , Yang Jing-Fang , Liu Qin-Lai , Tian Yuan , Debatosh Das , Liu Ying-Gao , Zhang Jianhua , Chen Chen , Chen Mo-Xian , Zhou Shao-Ming
Published: June 2021

Eukaryotic cells can expand their coding ability by using their splicing machinery, spliceosome, to process precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) into mature messenger RNA. The mega-macromolecular spliceosome contains multiple subcomplexes, referred to as small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). Among these, U1 snRNP and its central component, U1-70K, are crucial for splice site recognition during early spliceosome assembly. The human U1-70K has been linked to several types of human autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its phylogenetic relationship has been seldom reported. To this end, we carried out a systemic analysis of 95 animal U1-70K genes and compare these proteins to their yeast and plant counterparts. Analysis of their gene and protein structures, expression patterns and splicing conservation suggest that animal U1-70Ks are conserved in their molecular function, and may play essential role in cancers and juvenile development. In particular, animal U1-70Ks display unique characteristics of single copy number and a splicing isoform with truncated C-terminal, suggesting the specific role of these U1-70Ks in animal kingdom. In summary, our results provide phylogenetic overview of U1-70K gene family in vertebrates. In silico analyses conducted in this work will act as a reference for future functional studies of this crucial U1 splicing factor in animal kingdom.
An ACE2 Triple Decoy that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 shows enhanced affinity for virus variants
Authors: Tanaka Shiho , Nelson Gard , Olson C. Anders , Buzko Oleksandr , Higashide Wendy , Shin Annie , Gonzalez Marcos , Taft Justin , Patel Roosheel , Buta Sofija , Richardson Ashley , Bogunovic Dusan , Spilman Patricia , Niazi Kayvan , Rabizadeh Shahrooz , Soon-Shiong Patrick
Published: June 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 variants replacing the first wave strain pose an increased threat by their potential ability to escape pre-existing humoral protection. An angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) decoy that competes with endogenous ACE2 for binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (S RBD) and inhibits infection may offer a therapeutic option with sustained efficacy against variants. Here, we used Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation to predict ACE2 sequence substitutions that might increase its affinity for S RBD and screened candidate ACE2 decoys in vitro. The lead ACE2(T27Y/H34A)-IgG1FCfusion protein with enhanced S RBD affinity shows greater live SARS-CoV-2 virus neutralization capability than wild type ACE2. MD simulation was used to predict the effects of S RBD variant mutations on decoy affinity that was then confirmed by testing of an ACE2 Triple Decoy that included an additional enzyme activity-deactivating H374N substitution against mutated S RBD. The ACE2 Triple Decoy maintains high affinity for mutated S RBD, displays enhanced affinity for S RBD N501Y or L452R, and has the highest affinity for S RBD with both E484K and N501Y mutations, making it a viable therapeutic option for the prevention or treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a high likelihood of efficacy against variants.
Production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under different soilless cultures
Authors: Khater El-Sayed , Bahnasawy Adel , Abass Wael , Morsy Osama , El-Ghobashy Hossam , Shaban Yousry , Egela Mohsen
Published: June 2021

The main aim of this paper was to investigate the possibility of growing basil under three soilless systems (aeroponic, hydroponic and peatmoss slab systems). A model was developed to predict the nutrients consumption by basil plants. Shoot and root height, fresh and dry mass of whole plant, nutrients uptake, and oil content were studied during the growth period (after 4 and 7 weeks from transplanting). The results indicated that the shoot lengths of basil plants were 71.67 ± 2.89, 65.67 ± 1.15 and 62.33 ± 2.31 cm at the end of growth period for aeroponic, hydroponic and peatmoss slabs, respectively. The highest value of root height of basil plants was 37.67 ± 6.66 cm for aeroponic system. The dry mass of shoot of basil plants ranged from 28.48 ± 0.91 to 44.77 ± 0.97 and 72.98 ± 0.83 to 117.93 ± 1.40 g plant−1 after 4 and 7 weeks from transplanting, respectively. The highest values of the N, P, K, Ca and Mg uptakes were 753.99 ± 5.65, 224.88 ± 3.05, 449.75 ± 4.59, 529.12 ± 6.63 and 112.44 ± 1.67 mg plant−1 at the end of experimental period, respectively. The basil oil content ranged from 1.129 (1.11%) to 2.520 (1.80%) and 2.664 (1.42%) to 6.318 (1.44%) g plant−1 after 4 and 7 weeks from transplanting, respectively at the same pervious order. The production costs of basil plant were 2.93, 5.27 and 6.24 EGP kg−1 of plant. The model results were in a reasonable agreement with the experimental ones.
Changes in gut microbiota in the acute phase after spinal cord injury correlate with severity of the lesion
Authors: Bazzocchi Gabriele , Turroni Silvia , Bulzamini Maria Chiara , D’Amico Federica , Bava Angelica , Castiglioni Mirco , Cagnetta Valentina , Losavio Ernesto , Cazzaniga Maurizio , Terenghi Laura , De Palma Luisa , Frasca Giuseppina , Aiachini Beatrice , Cremascoli Sonia , Massone Antonino , Oggerino Claudia , Onesta Maria Pia , Rapisarda Lucia , Pagliacci Maria Cristina , Biscotto Sauro , Scarazzato Michele , Giovannini Tiziana , Balloni Mimosa , Candela Marco , Brigidi Patrizia , Kiekens Carlotte
Published: June 2021

After spinal cord injury (SCI), patients face many physical and psychological issues including intestinal dysfunction and comorbidities, strongly affecting quality of life. The gut microbiota has recently been suggested to influence the course of the disease in these patients. However, to date only two studies have profiled the gut microbiota in SCI patients, months after a traumatic injury. Here we characterized the gut microbiota in a large Italian SCI population, within a short time from a not only traumatic injury. Feces were collected within the first week at the rehabilitation center (no later than 60 days after SCI), and profiled by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing. Microbial profiles were compared to those publicly available of healthy age- and gender-matched Italians, and correlated to patient metadata, including type of SCI, spinal unit location, nutrition and concomitant antibiotic therapies. The gut microbiota of SCI patients shows distinct dysbiotic signatures, i.e. increase in potentially pathogenic, pro-inflammatory and mucus-degrading bacteria, and depletion of short-chain fatty acid producers. While robust to most host variables, such dysbiosis varies by lesion level and completeness, with the most neurologically impaired patients showing an even more unbalanced microbial profile. The SCI-related gut microbiome dysbiosis is very likely secondary to injury and closely related to the degree of completeness and severity of the lesion, regardless of etiology and time interval. This microbial layout could variously contribute to increased gut permeability and inflammation, potentially predisposing patients to the onset of severe comorbidities.
Risk factors and incidence of third trimester stillbirths in China
Authors: Hu Ying , Wu Qi , Liu Jia , Hong Die , Zou Yuqing , Lu Jingjing , Wang Yuhui , Chen Danqing , Qi Lu , Liang Zhaoxia
Published: June 2021

About 2.6 million third-trimester stillbirths occur annually worldwide, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. However, the causes of stillbirths are rarely investigated. We performed a retrospective, hospital-based study in Zhejiang Province, southern China, of the causes of third-trimester stillbirths. Causes of stillbirths were classified using the Relevant Condition at Death classification system. From January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018, we enrolled 341 stillbirths (born to 338 women) from 111,275 perinatal fetuses (born to 107,142 women), as well as 293 control cases (born to 291 women). The total incidence of third-trimester stillbirths was 3.06/1000 (341/111,275). There were higher proportions of women with a high body mass index, twins, pregnancy-induced hypertension, assisted reproduction and other risk factors among the antepartum than the control cases. The antepartum stillbirth fetuses were of lower median birth weight and gestational age and had a smaller portion of translucent amniotic fluid than the control cases. The antepartum stillbirth fetuses had a higher frequency of abnormalities detected prenatally and of fetal growth restriction than the control cases. Of 341 cases (born to 338 mothers), the most common causes of stillbirth were fetal conditions [117 (34.3%) cases], umbilical cord [88 (25.8%)], maternal conditions [34 (10.0%)], placental conditions [31 (9.1%)], and intrapartum [28 (8.2%)]. Only eight (2.3%), three (0.9%), and two (0.6%) stillbirths were attributed to amniotic fluid, trauma, and uterus, respectively. In 30 (8.8%) cases, the cause of death was unclassified. In conclusion, targeted investigation can ascertain the causes of most cases of third-trimester stillbirths.
Associated factors, post infection child growth, and household cost of invasive enteritis among under 5 children in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Rina , Haque Md. Ahshanul , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Faruque A. S. G. , Ahmed Tahmeed
Published: June 2021

Both Campylobacter- and Shigella-induced invasive enteritis are common in under-5 Bangladeshi children. Our study aimed to determine the factors associated with Campylobacter and Shigella enteritis among under-5 children, the post-infection worsening growth, and the household cost of invasive enteritis. Data of children having Shigella (591/803) and Campylobacter (246/1148) isolated from the fecal specimen in Bangladesh were extracted from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) for the period December 2007 to March 2011. In multiple logistic regression analysis, fever was observed more frequently among shigellosis cases [adjusted OR 2.21; (95% CI 1.58, 3.09)]. Breastfeeding [aOR 0.55; (95% CI 0.37, 0.81)] was found to be protective against Shigella. The generalized estimating equations multivariable model identified a negative association between Shigella and weight-for-height z score [aOR − 0.11; (95% CI − 0.21, − 0.001)]; a positive association between symptomatic Campylobacter and weight-for-age z score [aOR 0.22; (95% CI 0.06, 0.37)] and weight-for-height z score [aOR 0.22; (95% CI 0.08, 0.37)]. Total costs incurred by households were more in shigellosis children than Campylobacter-induced enteritis ($4.27 vs. $3.49). Households with low-level maternal education tended to incur less cost in case of their shigellosis children. Our findings underscore the need for preventive strategies targeting Shigella infection, which could potentially reduce the disease burden, associated household costs, and child growth faltering.
A new deep learning algorithm of 12-lead electrocardiogram for identifying atrial fibrillation during sinus rhythm
Authors: Baek Yong-Soo , Lee Sang-Chul , Choi Wonik , Kim Dae-Hyeok
Published: June 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its early detection is challenging because of the low detection yield of conventional methods. We aimed to develop a deep learning-based algorithm to identify AF during normal sinus rhythm (NSR) using 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) findings. We developed a new deep neural network to detect subtle differences in paroxysmal AF (PAF) during NSR using digital data from standard 12-lead ECGs. Raw digital data of 2,412 12-lead ECGs were analyzed. The artificial intelligence (AI) model showed that the optimal interval to detect subtle changes in PAF was within 0.24 s before the QRS complex in the 12-lead ECG. We allocated the enrolled ECGs to the training, internal validation, and testing datasets in a 7:1:2 ratio. Regarding AF identification, the AI-based algorithm showed the following values in the internal and external validation datasets: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.79 and 0.75; recall, 82% and 77%; specificity, 78% and 72%; F1 score, 75% and 74%; and overall accuracy, 72.8% and 71.2%, respectively. The deep learning-based algorithm using 12-lead ECG demonstrated high accuracy for detecting AF during NSR.
The first principle calculation of improving p-type characteristics of BxAl1-xN
Authors: Lu Zhengqian , Wang Fang , Liu Yuhuai
Published: June 2021

AlN is one of the third-generation semiconductor materials with wide application prospects due to its 6.2 eV band gap. In the application of semiconductor deep ultraviolet lasers, progress is slow due to the difficulty in obtaining p-type AlN with good performance. In this paper, the commonly used way of Mg directly as AlN dopant is abandoned, the inhibition effect of the B component on self-compensation of AlN crystal was studied. The improvement of self-compensation performance of AlN crystal by B component is studied by first principles calculation. The results show that the addition of B component can increase the hole concentration of AlN, which is conducive to the formation of p-type AlN.
Efficacy of an automated laser for reducing wild bird visits to the free range area of a poultry farm
Authors: Elbers Armin R. W. , Gonzales José L.
Published: June 2021

In the Netherlands, free-range layer farms as opposed to indoor layer farms, are at greater risk with regard to the introduction of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Wild waterfowl are the natural reservoir hosts of AIVs, and play a major role in their transmission to poultry by contaminating free-range layer areas. The laser as a wild bird repellent has been in use since the 1970s, in particular around airfields to reduce bird-strike. The efficacy of laser for reducing wild bird numbers in and around free-range poultry areas has however not been investigated. During the autumn–winter, wild bird visits to the free-range area of a layer farm was surveilled by video-camera for a month without laser, followed by a month with laser. The automated laser (Class-III B qualification) was operated in two separate areas (i) within the poultry free-range area that directly bordered the poultry barn between 5:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m. when poultry were absent (free-range study area, size 1.5 ha), and (ii) in surrounding grass pastures between 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. The overall (all bird species combined) efficacy of the laser for reducing the rate of wild birds visiting the free-range study area was 98.2%, and for the Orders Anseriformes and Passeriformes, respectively, was 99.7% and 96.1%. With the laser in operation, the overall exposure time of the free-range area to wild bird visits, but specifically to the Order Anseriformes, was massively reduced. It can be concluded that the Class-III B laser is highly proficient at keeping wild birds, in particular waterfowl, away from the free-range area of layer farms situated along a winter migration flyway.
Network of biomarkers and their mediation effects on the associations between regular exercise and the incidence of cardiovascular & metabolic diseases
Authors: Park JooYong , Choi Jaesung , Kim Ji-Eun , Lee Miyoung , Shin Aesun , Lee Jong-koo , Kang Daehee , Choi Ji-Yeob
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to understand the biological process related to the prevention of cardiovascular & metabolic diseases (CMD), including diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia via regular exercise. This study included 17,053 subjects aged 40–69 years in the Health Examinees Study from 2004 to 2012. Participation in regular exercise was investigated by questionnaires. Data on 42 biomarkers were collected from anthropometric measures and laboratory tests. We examined the associations between regular exercise and biomarkers using general linear models, between biomarkers and the risk of CMD using cox proportional hazard models, and the mediation effect of biomarkers using mediation analyses. Biomarker networks were constructed based on the significant differential correlations (p < 0.05) between the exercise and non-exercise groups in men and women, respectively. We observed significant mediators in 14 and 16 of the biomarkers in men and women, respectively. Triglyceride level was a noteworthy mediator in decreasing the risk of CMD with exercise, explaining 23.79% in men and 58.20% in women. The biomarker network showed comprehensive relationships and associations among exercise, biomarkers, and CMD. Body composition-related biomarkers were likely to play major roles in men, while obesity-related biomarkers seemed to be key factors in women.
Comparison of agrochemicals allocation efficiency between greenhouse and open-field vegetables in China
Authors: Yuan Yinghui , Zhang Xiaoheng
Published: June 2021

The overuse of agrochemicals in greenhouse production system has aroused high concerns in China. Existing studies have investigated the status and determinants of agrochemicals overuse for greenhouse vegetables whereas little is known about whether the agrochemicals are allocated efficiently from economic perspective. We use a translog production function and the inputs and outputs data of vegetable production in 34 Chinese cities during 2004–2017 to calculate agrochemicals allocation efficiency for both open-field and greenhouse vegetables. We find that the agrochemicals are allocated inefficiently due to overuse for both open-field and greenhouse vegetables, whereas the overuse degree of chemical fertilizer used in greenhouse vegetables is lower than that of open-field vegetables during a growing duration. In addition, we also find that the application levels of agrochemicals for greenhouse vegetables per mu (15 mu = 1 hectare) are higher than those of open-field vegetables, but the application levels of agrochemicals for per kilogram greenhouse vegetables are significantly lower. We conclude that the overuse of agrochemicals in greenhouse production system may attribute to the year-round production of greenhouse vegetables induced by economic incentives. Therefore, reducing the number of production rotations may be an effective method to alleviate the overuse of agrochemicals in greenhouse vegetables.
Enhanced lipid production by addition of malic acid in fermentation of recombinant Mucor circinelloides Mc-MT-2
Authors: Zhang Yao , Liu Qing , Li Pengcheng , Wang Yanxia , Li Shaoqi , Gao Meng , Song Yuanda
Published: June 2021

In our previous work, we reported a novel approach for increasing lipid production in an oleaginous fungus Mucor circinelloides by overexpression of mitochondrial malate transporter protein. This transporter plays a vital role in fatty acid biosynthesis during malate and citrate transport systems in oleaginous fungi. In this study, the controlling metabolic supplementation strategy was used to improve the lipid production by overexpression of malate transporter protein in M. circinelloides strain coded as Mc-MT-2. The effects of different metabolic intermediates on lipid production in batch fermentation by Mc-MT-2 were investigated. The optimal lipid production was obtained at 0.8% malic acid after 24 h of fermentation. Furthermore, in fed-batch bioreactors containing glucose as a carbon source supplemented with malic acid, the highest cell growth, and lipid production were achieved. The resulting strain showed the fungal dry biomass of 16 g/L, a lipid content of 32%, lipid yield of 5.12 g/L in a controlled bench-top bioreactor, with 1.60-, 1.60- and 2.56-fold improvement, respectively, compared with the batch control without supplementation of malic acid. Our findings revealed that the addition of malic acid during fermentation might play an important role in lipid accumulation in the recombinant M. circinelloides Mc-MT-2. This study provides valuable insights for enhanced microbial lipid production through metabolic supplementation strategy in large scale and industrial applications.
Comparison of outcomes between indirect decompression of oblique lumbar interbody fusion and MIS-TLIF in one single-level lumbar spondylosis
Authors: Hung Shih-Feng , Liao Jen-Chung , Tsai Tsung-Ting , Li Yun-Da , Chiu Ping-Yeh , Hsieh Ming-Kai , Kao Fu-Cheng
Published: June 2021

Minimal invasive spinal fusion has become popular in the last decade. Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a relatively new surgical technique and could avoid back muscle stripping and posterior complex destruction as in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). Between December 2016 and September 2018, patients with single level degenerative spondylosis were selected to enroll in this retrospective study. A total of 21 patients that underwent OLIF and 41 patients that received MIS-TLIF were enrolled. OLIF showed significantly less blood loss and shorter surgery time compared to MIS-TLIF (p < 0.05). The improvement in segmental lordosis and coronal balance was significantly more in OLIF group than MIS-TLIF group (p < 0.05). When comparing with MIS-TLIF, OLIF was significantly better in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale for back pain improvement at post-operative 6 months (p < 0.05). Both OLIF and MIS-TLIF are becoming mainstream procedures for lumbar degenerative-related disease, especially for spondylolisthesis. However, the indirect decompression of OLIF has shown to have less perioperative blood loss and shorter surgery time than that of MIS-TLIF. In addition, OLIF gives superior outcome in restoring segmental lordosis and coronal imbalance. While both OLIF and MIS-TLIF provide optimal clinical outcomes, upon comparison between the two techniques, the indirect decompression of OLIF seems to be a superior option in modern days.
Analytical and physiological validation of an enzyme immunoassay to measure oxytocin in dog, wolf, and human urine samples
Authors: Wirobski G. , Schaebs F. S. , Range F. , Marshall-Pescini S. , Deschner T.
Published: June 2021

Oxytocin (OT) promotes pro-sociality, bonding, and cooperation in a variety of species. Measuring oxytocin metabolite (OTM) concentrations in urine or saliva provides intriguing opportunities to study human and animal behaviour with minimal disturbance. However, a thorough validation of analytical methods and an assessment of the physiological significance of these measures are essential. We conducted an analytical validation of a commercial Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA; Arbor OT assay kit) to measure OTM concentrations in dog, wolf, and human urine samples. To test the assay’s ability to detect changes in OTM concentrations, we administered oxytocin intranasally to 14 dogs. Assay performance with regard to parallelism was acceptable. Assay accuracy and extraction efficiency for dog and wolf samples were comparable to a previously validated assay (Enzo OT assay kit) but variation was smaller for human samples. Binding sensitivity and antibody specificity were better in the Arbor assay. Average OTM concentrations were more than twice as high as in comparable samples measured with the Enzo assay, highlighting a lack of comparability of absolute values between different assays. Changes in OTM concentrations after intranasal treatment were detected reliably. The Arbor assay met requirements of a “fit-for-purpose” validation with improvement of several parameters compared to the Enzo assay.
Linking multi-scale 3D microstructure to potential enhanced natural gas recovery and subsurface CO2storage for Bowland shale, UK
Authors: Ma Lin , Fauchille Anne-Laure , Ansari Humera , Chandler Michael , Ashby Paul , Taylor Kevin , Pini Ronny , Lee Peter D.
Published: June 2021

This paper quantitatively characterises the microstructure in shales across five scales in 3D, builds a multi-scale model of CH4and CO2flow pathways and storage, and assesses the potential of enhanced gas recovery and CO2 storage simultaneously.
The effect of terminal N-donor aromatic ligands on the sensitization and emission of lanthanide ions in Zn2Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb) complexes with 4-biphenylcarboxylate anions
Authors: Melnikov Stanislav N. , Evstifeev Igor S. , Nikolaveskii Stanislav A. , Ananyev Ivan V. , Varaksina Evgenia A. , Taydakov Ilya V. , Goloveshkin Alexander S. , Sidorov Aleksey A. , Kiskin Mikhail A. , Eremenko Igor L.
Published: June 2021

The systematic series of trinuclear carboxylate complexes [Zn2Ln(NO3)(phbz)6(L)2] (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Tb, where phbz is the anion of 4-biphenylcarboxylic acid, and L is pyridine, 2,3-lutidine or 2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized. Luminescence properties were investigated in detail.
Radiometric measurement techniques for in-depth characterization of photoreactors – part 2: 3 dimensional and integral radiometry
Authors: Sender Maximilian , Ziegenbalg Dirk
Published: June 2021

The development and potentials of a three-dimensionally resolving radiometric scanning method, complemented by integrating sphere measurements are presented for the evaluation of the radiation field of photoreactors.
Correction: Synchrotron macro ATR-FTIR microspectroscopy for high-resolution chemical mapping of single cells
Authors: Vongsvivut Jitraporn , Pérez-Guaita David , Wood Bayden R. , Heraud Philip , Khambatta Karina , Hartnell David , Hackett Mark J. , Tobin Mark J.
Published: June 2021

Correction for ‘Synchrotron macro ATR-FTIR microspectroscopy for high-resolution chemical mapping of single cells’ by Jitraporn Vongsvivut et al., Analyst, 2019, 144, 3226–3238, DOI: 10.1039/C8AN01543K.
A copper-promoted synthesis of epoxy-bridged [60]fullerene-fused lactones and further derivatization
Authors: Lu Wen-Qiang , Zhou Dian-Bing , Yin Zheng-Chun , Liu Qing-Song , Wang Guan-Wu
Published: June 2021

The copper-promoted decarboxylative annulation of C60 with two identical α-oxocarboxylic acids affords the unique epoxy-bridged C60-fused lactones, which can be further transformed into epoxy-bridged C60-fused hemiacetals and bicyclic-fused 1,2,3,4-adducts.
Optically active covalent organic frameworks and hyperbranched polymers with chirality induced by circularly polarized light
Authors: Wang Yuting , Yazawa Koji , Wang Qingyu , Harada Takunori , Shimoda Shuhei , Song Zhiyi , Bando Masayoshi , Naga Naofumi , Nakano Tamaki
Published: June 2021

Preferred-handed twist was induced by CPL to covalent organic frameworks (COF’s) and hyperbranched polymers where the internal rotation rate in the COF’s estimated by solid-state NMR was found to affect the chirality induction efficiency.
Pyrrole-bridged quinones: π-electronic systems that modulate electronic structures by tautomerism and deprotonation
Authors: Sugiura Shinya , Maeda Hiromitsu
Published: June 2021

A new series of π-extended quinone derivatives containing a pyrrole bridge exhibited NH/OH-type tautomerization and anion binding along with deprotonation that induced near-infrared absorption and ion-pairing assemblies.
Formation of silaimines from a sterically demanding iminophosphonamido chlorosilyleneviaintramolecular N–P bond cleavage
Authors: Takahashi Shintaro , Ishii Akihiko , Nakata Norio
Published: June 2021

Substitution reactions of sterically demanding chlorosilylene with N- and Fe-nucleophiles led to the unexpected formation of silaimine derivatives.
Imino-bridged N-rich energetic materials: C4H3N17 and their derivatives assembled from the powerful combination of four tetrazoles
Authors: Liu Yifei , Dong Zhen , Yang Rui , Li Haiyan , Liu Yaxin , Ye Zhiwen
Published: June 2021

Imino-bridged symmetric N-rich energetic materials with high energetics and good stability.
Self-consistent field modeling of mesomorphic phase changes of monoolein and phospholipids in response to additives
Authors: de Lange N. , Kleijn J. M. , Leermakers F. A. M.
Published: June 2021

Structural and mechanical properties of DOPC and MO bilayers in response to additives is modelled by a quasi lattice-free SCF theory. The obtained trends correlate closely to reported additive induced phase changes of such systems.
Suppression of dynamic disorder by electrostatic interactions in structurally close organic semiconductors
Authors: Sosorev Andrey Yu. , Parashchuk Olga D. , Tukachev Nikita V. , Maslennikov Dmitry R. , Dominskiy Dmitry I. , Borshchev Oleg V. , Polinskaya Marina S. , Skorotetcky Maxim S. , Kharlanov Oleg G. , Paraschuk Dmitry Yu.
Published: June 2021

We suggest a novel strategy for reduction of the dynamic disorder and hence increase of charge-carrier mobility in organic semiconductors: strengthening of intermolecular interactions via tuning the molecular electrostatic potential.
Defect engineering in thermoelectric materials: what have we learned?
Authors: Zheng Yun , Slade Tyler J. , Hu Lei , Tan Xian Yi , Luo Yubo , Luo Zhong-Zhen , Xu Jianwei , Yan Qingyu , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: June 2021

The recent advances and new insights resulting thereof in applying defect engineering to improving the thermoelectric performance and mechanical properties of inorganic materials are reviewed.
BF3·Et2O as a metal-free catalyst for direct reductive amination of aldehydes with amines using formic acid as a reductant
Authors: Luo Zhenli , Pan Yixiao , Yao Zhen , Yang Ji , Zhang Xin , Liu Xintong , Xu Lijin , Fan Qing-Hua
Published: June 2021

A versatile metal- and base-free direct reductive amination of aldehydes with primary and secondary amines catalyzed by inexpensive BF3·Et2O using formic acid as a reductant has been developed.
nBu2Sn(SnBu)2 and nBu3SnEnBu (E = S or Se) – effective single source precursors for the CVD of SnS and SnSe thermoelectric thin films
Authors: Robinson Fred , Curran Peter J. , de Groot C. H. (Kees) , Hardie Duncan , Hector Andrew L. , Holloway Katherine , Huang Ruomeng , Newbrook Daniel , Reid Gillian
Published: June 2021

LPCVD with the title compounds produces S-deficient SnS, or stoichiometric, semiconducting, resistive SnS or SnSe films with large positive Seebeck coefficients and an SnSe power factor of 0.4 μW cm−1 K−2 at 425 K.
Discovery of potent nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase3 (NPP3) inhibitors with ancillary carbonic anhydrase inhibition for cancer (immuno)therapy
Authors: Lee Sang-Yong , Namasivayam Vigneshwaran , Boshta Nader M. , Perotti Arianna , Mirza Salahuddin , Bua Silvia , Supuran Claudiu T. , Müller Christa E.
Published: June 2021

The first potent NPP3 inhibitors were discovered, which were found to additionally block cancer-related carbonic anhydrases.
Study of the structure–activity relationship of metallocene-catalysed poly-α-olefin (mPAO) base oil
Authors: Xue Jia Y. , Dong Su Q. , Mi Pu K. , Wang Li B. , Wang Si H. , Zhang Zhang , Zhang Zhi G. , Hu Jia S.
Published: June 2021

By compounding each component oligomer and performing data analysis, the relationships between the molecular structure of mPAO and the key physical properties of the base oil, such as viscosity, viscosity index and pour point (PP), were studied.
Towards a framework for evaluating and reporting Hansen solubility parameters: applications to particle dispersions
Authors: Bapat Shalmali , Kilian Stefan O. , Wiggers Hartmut , Segets Doris
Published: June 2021

A characterization technology-agnostic, combinatorial-based framework is proposed to assist in studying particle-liquid compatibility through Hansen parameters. The behavior of SiNxparticles in probe liquids is assessed by analytical centrifugation.
Exploring the biophysical interaction of 3-pentadecylphenol with the head group region of a lipid membrane using fisetin as an interfacial membrane probe
Authors: Mishra Jhili , Mishra Ashok Kumar , Swain Jitendriya
Published: June 2021

Interaction of PDP with the interfacial head group region of the lipid bilayer membrane.
Exploring the antioxidant activity of thiaflavan compounds: a quantum chemical study
Authors: Hannachi Douniazed , El Houda Amrane Nour , Merzoud Lynda , Chermette Henry
Published: June 2021

Conceptual DFT tools (HAT, SPLET, SET-PT, aromaticity index,…) have been used to explore the antioxidant activity of thiaflavan compounds, and predict which derivate should be the best one.
Gamma rays as an innovative tool for synthesizing conducting copolymers with improved properties
Authors: Bahry Teseer , Khurshid Benazir , Chouli Yamina , Abou Zeid Souad , Sollogoub Cyrille , Gervais Matthieu , Bui Thanh-Tuân , Goubard Fabrice , Remita Samy
Published: June 2021

Radiation chemistry was used as an alternative methodology for synthesizing conducting copolymers in water and dichloromethane.
Thiophene fused indenocorannulenes: synthesis, variable emission, and exceptional chiral configurational stability
Authors: Tian Xiaoqi , Chaiworn Suchaya , Xu Jun , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Baldridge Kim K. , Siegel Jay S.
Published: June 2021

Graph theory and isosteric replacement leads to the design and synthesis of (chiral) thiophene-fused indenocorannulenes with exceptional configurational stability and possible use as chiral catalysts, chiroptical materials, and sensors.
Isopinocampheyl-based C-BODIPYs: a model strategy to construct cost-effective boron-chelate emitters of circularly polarized light
Authors: Jiménez Josué , Moreno Florencio , Arbeloa Teresa , Cabreros Trevor A. , Muller Gilles , Bañuelos Jorge , García-Moreno Inmaculada , Maroto Beatriz L. , de la Moya Santiago
Published: June 2021

Use of building blocks coming from Nature (Chiral Pool) as a new strategy towards cheap and efficient CPL emitters based on boron chelates.
Ocean plastics: environmental implications and potential routes for mitigation – a perspective
Authors: Watt Ethan , Picard Maisyn , Maldonado Benjamin , Abdelwahab Mohamed A. , Mielewski Deborah F. , Drzal Lawrence T. , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K.
Published: June 2021

Ocean plastics are of utmost global concern due to their impact on the environment, society, and economy. This perspective addresses the major contributing sources of ocean plastic pollution, their effects, and promising mitigation strategies.
Gel-polymer electrolytes based on polyurethane ionomers for lithium power sources
Authors: Davletbaeva I. M. , Nizamov A. A. , Yudina A. V. , Baymuratova G. R. , Yarmolenko O. V. , Sazonov O. O. , Davletbaev R. S.
Published: June 2021

Polyurethanes based on the aminoethers of ortho-phosphoric acid and polyisocyanates of an aliphatic nature were studied as a substrate for the preparation of a new polymer electrolyte.
In acid-aminopyrimidine continuum: experimental and computational studies of furan tetracarboxylate-2-aminopyrimidinium salt
Authors: Garg Utsav , Azim Yasser , Alam Mahboob
Published: June 2021

Generalization in the elusive ΔpKa range, experimental and computational studies of furan tetracarboxylate-2-aminopyrimidinium salt.
Typical antibiotics in the receiving rivers of direct-discharge sources of sewage across Shanghai: occurrence and source analysis
Authors: Li Dong , Shao Haiyang , Huo Zhuhao , Xie Nan , Gu Jianzhong , Xu Gang
Published: June 2021

In Shanghai, the antibiotics in the receiving rivers of direct-discharge sources of sewage (aquaculture farms, cattle farms and wastewater treatment plants) were investigated.
μ-Oxo-bridged diiron(iii) complexes of tripodal 4N ligands as catalysts for alkane hydroxylation reaction using m-CPBA as an oxidant: substrate vs. self hydroxylation
Authors: Balamurugan Mani , Suresh Eringathodi , Palaniandavar Mallayan
Published: June 2021

The ligand stereoelectronic effect of diiron(iii) complexes determines the efficiency and selectivity of catalytic alkane hydroxylation with m-CPBA as an oxidant.
Microwave-assisted green construction of imidazole-fused hybrid scaffolds using 2-aminobenzimidazoles as building blocks
Authors: Kwak Jung Pyo , Quang Dao Pham Duy , Yoon Nam Sik , Cho Chan Sik
Published: June 2021

A green synthesis of trinuclear imidazole-fused hybrid scaffolds has been developed by transition metal-free double C(sp2)–N coupling and cyclization of 2-(2-bromoaryl)- and 2-(2-bromovinyl)imidazoles with 2-aminobenzimidazoles as building blocks under microwave irradiation.
B-site W ion-doped La0.5Sr0.5Co1−xWxO3−δ perovskite nanofibers with defects as bifunctional oxygen catalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries
Authors: Gao Xin-Yu , Sun Xing-Wei , Guo Jia-Hui , Teng Ya-Nan , Liu Lei , Xu Guang-Ran , Xu Tong , Liu Huan , Bai Jie , Li Chun-Ping
Published: June 2021

B-site W ion-doped La0.5Sr0.5Co1−xWxO3−δ perovskite with defects was used as catalyst for rechargeable Zn–air batteries, and the voltage gap increased 0.09 V within 111 h at a constant charge and discharge current.
Bubble-induced convection stabilizes the local pH during solar water splitting in neutral pH electrolytes
Authors: Obata Keisuke , Abdi Fatwa F.
Published: June 2021

Multiphase multiphysics simulation demonstrates the presence of bubble-induced convection in regions close to the (photo)electrode surface, which suppresses the pH gradient and the resulting concentration overpotential.
A multiple laser-induced hybrid electrode for flexible triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Chen Huamin , Yang Wei , Huang Peiyu , Li Chenyu , Yang Yaqian , Zheng Biao , Zhang Cheng , Liu Ruping , Li Yuliang , Xu Yun , Wang Jun , Li Zhou
Published: June 2021

A performance-enhanced TENG based on an Au-LIG hybrid electrode is fabricated by a simple and cost-effective multiple laser irradiation method.
A superhydrophobic and anti-corrosion strain sensor for robust underwater applications
Authors: Dai Ziyi , Ding Sen , Lei Ming , Li Shunbo , Xu Yi , Zhou Yinning , Zhou Bingpu
Published: June 2021

A robust, sensitive, and superhydrophobic strain sensor was constructed with ability to work underwater or in harsh conditions, revealing its promising potential for a broad application spectrum.
Facile synthesis of multi-resonance ultra-pure-green TADF emitters based on bridged diarylamine derivatives for efficient OLEDs with narrow emission
Authors: Liu Guanting , Sasabe Hisahiro , Kumada Kengo , Matsunaga Amane , Katagiri Hiroshi , Kido Junji
Published: June 2021

A series of multi-resonance ultra-pure-green TADF emitters based on bridged diarylamine derivatives is successfully developed for high efficiency and narrow emission OLEDs which exhibit a high EQE over 20% and narrow FWHM of less than 50 nm.
Photoinduced electron transfer in mechanically interlocked suit[3]ane systems
Authors: Stasyuk A. J. , Stasyuk O. A. , Solà M. , Voityuk A. A.
Published: June 2021

Investigation of recently synthesized suit[3]ane and similar systems shows that photoinduced electron transfer occurs on the picosecond time scale from the encapsulated heterocycle to the pyridinium-based cage.
Putting Policy Into Practice: Impact of the Every Student Succeeds Act on Speech-Language Pathologists and Students With Disabilities
Authors: McCabe Michaela , Nye-Lengerman Kelly
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Public policies can influence how speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to students with disabilities. Specifically, this article is intended to provide background information and critical analysis regarding the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) as it relates to speech-language pathology practice and provision of services to students with disabilities within the schools.

Method

The authors reviewed legislation text, publications from national education and speech and language organizations, and critical educational policy and research articles to examine the role that SLPs can play in the implementation of ESSA for students with disabilities.

Results

SLPs and other education professionals utilize ESSA to improve access to a well-rounded, college- and career-focused education for all students. ESSA state plans may not fully maximize equal opportunities for students with disabilities. There are additional ways that SLPs can capitalize on ESSA to expand and improve their service provision to students with disabilities, including SLPs broadening their understanding of the role ESSA plays in facilitating positive practices for students with and without disabilities.

Conclusions

SLPs, teachers, and other stakeholders can improve the impact of ESSA on students with disabilities by helping to improve accountability systems for the educational outcomes of students with disabilities, supporting funding allocation for students with disabilities and struggling learners in the general education setting, and assisting local education agencies to better align ESSA with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
Atypische bakterielle Infektionen an der Hand
Authors: Mühldorfer-Fodor Marion , Fodor Stefan Georg
Published: June 2021

Atypische Infektionen an der Hand treten selten auf und werden deshalb häufig fehlinterpretiert. Erfolgt die korrekte Therapie erst verspätet, können irreversible Schäden entstehen, schlimmstenfalls kann es zu lebensgefährlichen septischen Verläufen kommen. Der Artikel soll eine Übersicht über einige der häufigsten atypischen Infektionen und deren Erscheinungsbild an der Hand (Mykobakterien, Vibrionen, Francisella, Aktinomyceten) geben und diese mit 2 Fallberichten illustrieren. Das Wissen um die Pathogenese der häufigsten atypischen Infektionen erleichtert es, diese differenzialdiagnostisch im Alltag zu berücksichtigen, spezielle diagnostische Schritte einzuleiten und eine adäquate Therapie frühzeitig durchzuführen.
Behandlung des primären Spontanpneumothorax beim Jugendlichen – State of the art
Authors: Wagner Richard , Lacher Martin
Published: June 2021

Der primäre Spontanpneumothorax (PSP) beschreibt eine Ansammlung von Luft im intrapleuralen Raum, welcher zum teilweisen oder vollständigen Kollaps der Lunge führen kann. Dieser tritt am häufigsten bei Jugendlichen über 15 Jahre, (männlich > weiblich) mit asthenischem Habitus und großer Körperlänge auf. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden aktuelle Kontroversen bezüglich der optimalen Therapie (konservativ vs. Pleuradrainage vs. Operation, Management von Rezidiven) sowie der Stellenwert der thorakalen Computertomografie diskutiert.
Fehlermöglichkeiten in Diagnose und Therapie bei Infektionen der Fingerendglieder
Authors: Langer Martin F. , Grünert Jörg G.
Published: June 2021

Die Infektionen des Fingerendglieds sind nicht zu unterschätzen, da es zahlreiche Differenzialdiagnosen zu beachten gibt, die besser nicht (sofort) operiert werden sollten, sondern erst eine spezielle und häufig interdisziplinäre Diagnostik (dermatologisch – histologisch – radiologisch – internistisch) benötigen. Darüber hinaus finden sich immer wieder nicht fachgerechte Schnittführungen, die zu teilweise katastrophalen Ergebnissen führen. An Bildbeispielen werden Differenzialdiagnosen und die Folgen ungünstiger Schnittführungen stichpunktartig dargestellt.
Aktuelle Behandlung der Trichterbrust und Kielbrust
Authors: Zimmermann Peter , Martynov Illya , Krämer Sebastian , Gräfe Daniel , Wolfgang Hirsch Franz , Lacher Martin
Published: June 2021

Die Trichterbrust ist die häufigste Form der Brustwanddeformitäten. Die Therapieentscheidung erfolgt stets gemeinsam zwischen Patient, den Eltern und dem Chirurgen in wiederholten Gesprächen. Die nicht-invasive Saugglockentherapie stellt für Kinder, welche die Kriterien für eine operative Korrektur nicht erfüllen oder eine chirurgische Therapie ablehnen, eine gute Alternative dar und birgt keine Gefahren. Seit Einführung der minimalinvasiven Trichterbrustkorrektur (MIRPE) hat die Anzahl von Patienten, die eine operative Korrektur Ihrer PE wünschen, deutlich zugenommen. Die Ergebnisse der operativen Korrektur zeigen neben einer hohen Patientenzufriedenheit mit dem kosmetischen Ergebnis auch eine verbesserte Herzleistung und Sauerstoffaufnahmekapazität. Obwohl die MIRPE in erfahrenen Händen sicher und effektiv ist, sind ernsthafte lebensbedrohliche Komplikationen möglich.

Zur Behandlung der Kielbrust ist die nicht-invasive Kompressionstherapie Therapie der Wahl. Dies gilt besonders für die dynamische Kompressionstherapie, welche eine objektive Messung und Einstellung der notwendigen Therapiedrücke, ein laterales Ausweichen der Thoraxwand und individuelle Anpassung ermöglicht. Der Therapieerfolg der Kompressionstherapie liegt „in der Hand des Patienten“. Eine operative Korrektur sollte nur nach nicht erfolgreicher Kompressionstherapie oder bei unbedingtem Patientenwunsch erfolgen.