bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racing an Opponent: Alteration of Pacing, Performance, and Muscle-Force Decline but Not Rating of Perceived Exertion
Authors: Konings Marco J. , Parkinson Jordan , Zijdewind Inge , Hettinga Florentina J.
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Performing against a virtual opponent has been shown to invite a change in pacing and improve time-trial (TT) performance. This study explored how this performance improvement is established by assessing changes in pacing, neuromuscular function, and perceived exertion. Methods: After a peak-power-output test and a familiarization TT, 12 trained cyclists completed two 4-km TTs in randomized order on a Velotron cycle ergometer. TT conditions were riding alone (NO) and riding against a virtual opponent (OP). Knee-extensor performance was quantified before and directly after the TT using maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC), voluntary activation (VA), and potentiated doublet-twitch force (PT). Differences between the experimental conditions were examined using repeated-measures ANOVAs. Linear-regression analyses were conducted to associate changes in pacing to changes in MVC, VA, and PT. Results: OP was completed faster than NO (mean power output OP 289.6 ± 56.1 vs NO 272.2 ± 61.6 W; P = .020), mainly due to a faster initial pace. This was accompanied by a greater decline in MVC (MVC pre vs post −17.5% ± 12.4% vs −11.4% ± 10.9%, P = .032) and PT (PT pre vs post −23.1% ± 14.0% vs −16.2% ±11.4%, P = .041) after OP than after NO. No difference between conditions was found for VA (VA pre vs post −4.9% ± 6.7% vs −3.4% ± 5.0%, P = .274). Rating of perceived exertion did not differ between OP and NO. Conclusion: The improved performance when racing against a virtual opponent was associated with a greater decline in voluntary and evoked muscle force than riding alone, without a change in perceived exertion, highlighting the importance of human–environment interactions in addition to one’s internal state for pacing regulation and performance.
The Effects of Sexualized and Violent Presentations of Women in Combat Sport
Authors: Greenwell T. Christopher , Simmons Jason M. , Hancock Meg , Shreffler Megan , Thorn Dustin
Published: June 2017

This study utilizes an experimental design to investigate how different presentations (sexualized, neutral, and combat) of female athletes competing in a combat sport such as mixed martial arts, a sport defying traditional gender norms, affect consumers’ attitudes toward the advertising, event, and athlete brand. When the female athlete in the advertisement was in a sexualized presentation, male subjects reported higher attitudes toward the advertisement and the event than the female subjects. Female respondents preferred neutral presentations significantly more than the male respondents. On the one hand, both male and female respondents felt the fighter in the sexualized ad was more attractive and charming than the fighter in the neutral or combat ads and more personable than the fighter in the combat ads. On the other hand, respondents felt the fighter in the sexualized ad was less talented, less successful, and less tough than the fighter in the neutral or combat ads and less wholesome than the fighter in the neutral ad.
Knowledge of and Willingness to Try Acupuncture for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: An Australian Survey of Surgical Patients
Authors: Weeks Evan M , Trinca Jane , Zheng Zhen
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Level 1 evidence supports the use of acupuncture as a safe and effective treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). However, to date, very few hospitals in Western countries have incorporated this technique into their management strategies.

Objective

To conduct a survey to establish patients’ knowledge and opinions of acupuncture as a treatment option for the management of PONV in a large Western teaching hospital that did not offer acupuncture.

Methods

Over a 4-week period, a self-completed, anonymous questionnaire survey was distributed to 171 consecutive patients attending the preadmission clinic pending surgery.

Results

Overall, 161 participants met the selection criteria and completed the survey (100%). The majority of them had a European background (88.8%) and were over 40 years old (87.6%). Seventy-eight participants (48%) had a history of nausea and vomiting and 39 (24%) had suffered from PONV. One hundred and four (65%) and 110 (68%) patients, respectively, stated that they would be willing to try acupuncture in hospital or at home following surgery to prevent or reduce PONV. Only 25 (15.5%) participants knew that acupuncture could be used to treat nausea and vomiting; however, 140 (87%) indicated that they would be willing to try the therapy after being informed of the potential benefit of acupuncture for PONV prevention/reduction. Those with previous experience of acupuncture were ~3.9 times more likely to be willing to use acupuncture for PONV than those without.

Conclusion

Patients attending an Australian tertiary hospital showed an overwhelming interest in acupuncture to manage PONV. This provides strong support for the potential implementation of acupuncture in an acute hospital setting.
Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS): the identification of c.1783C>T mutation in two unrelated infertile men
Authors: Abou Alchamat Ghalia , Madania Ammar , Alhalabi Marwan
Published: June 2017

Two unrelated men complaining of primary male infertility presented to Orient Hospital in Damascus city. Physical examination showed moderate hypoandrogenic features. Both men were azoospermic. Hormone profiles revealed an elevation of follicle-stimulating hormone in one patient, but all the other hormones tested were within normal limits for both patients. Further genetic analyses, including karyotype and microdeletions in the AZF region of the Y chromosome, were normal in both patients. Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome was expected in the two patients. Sequencing analysis of the first exon in the androgen receptor (AR) gene have shown c.1783C>T mutation in the two patients with azoospermia. This paper sheds light on the need to screen for mutations in the AR gene, causing male infertility whenever mild hypoandrogenic features are present with unexplained male infertility.
Corneal collagen cross-linking in paediatric patients affected by keratoconus
Authors: Knutsson Karl Anders , Paganoni Giorgio , Matuska Stanislav , Ambrosio Oriella , Ferrari Giulio , Zennato Arianna , Caccia Michela , Rama Paolo
Published: June 2017

Background/aims

To evaluate the effectiveness of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in paediatric patients.

Methods

Fifty-two eyes of 43 paediatric patients with progressive keratoconus were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Corneal CXL was performed using a conventional technique with instillation of 0.1% riboflavin solution containing dextran 20% for 30 min during the soaking phase and during the 30 min ultraviolet A irradiation (3 mW/cm2). Visual outcomes, topographic keratometry, maximum keratometry (K-max), refractive astigmatism, demarcation line and endothelial cell density were measured postoperatively.

Results

A significant decrease of K-max from 59.30±7.08 to 57.07±6.46 (p<0.001) was observed 2 years after treatment. Uncorrected visual acuity improved from 0.59±0.41 LogMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle resolution) to 0.46±0.33 LogMAR (p=0.06) 2 years after the procedure, while best spectacle corrected visual acuity improved from 0.17±0.11 LogMAR to 0.15±0.12 LogMAR (p=0.17). Twenty-five eyes had K-max values of 60 dioptres (D) or greater. In this subgroup, K-max significantly decreased from 64.94±4.99 D to 62.25±4.42 D at 2 years (p<0.001). The demarcation line of the CXL treatment had a mean value of 249±74 µm and did not show a significant correlation with K-max flattening (Spearman r=0.019, p=0.899). Endothelial cell density remained stable 2 years after the procedure, changing from 2800±363 to 2736±659 cells/mm2 (p=0.90).

Conclusion

CXL is an effective treatment for avoiding keratoconus progression in paediatric patients. The procedure is safe and successful in stabilising keratoconus in eyes with more advanced forms of the disease, characterised by topographic K-max values greater than 60 D.
Modulation of procaspase-7 self-activation by PEST amino acid residues of the N-terminal prodomain and intersubunit linker
Authors: Alves Juliano , Garay-Malpartida Miguel , Occhiucci João M. , Belizário José E.
Published: June 2017

Procaspase-7 zymogen polypeptide is composed of a short prodomain, a large subunit (p20), and a small subunit (p10) connected to an intersubunit linker. Caspase-7 is activated by an initiator caspase-8 and -9, or by autocatalysis after specific cleavage at IQAD198↓S located at the intersubunit linker. Previously, we identified that PEST regions made of amino acid residues Pro (P), Glu (E), Asp (D), Ser (S), Thr (T), Asn (N), and Gln (Q) are conserved flanking amino acid residues in the cleavage sites within a prodomain and intersubunit linker of all caspase family members. Here we tested the impact of alanine substitution of PEST amino acid residues on procaspase-7 proteolytic self-activation directly in Escherichia coli. The p20 and p10 subunit cleavage were significantly delayed in double caspase-7 mutants in the prodomain (N18A/P26A) and intersubunit linker (S199A/P201A), compared with the wild-type caspase-7. The S199A/P201A mutants effectively inhibited the p10 small subunit cleavage. However, the mutations did not change the kinetic parameters (kcat/KM) and optimal tetrapeptide specificity (DEVD) of the purified mutant enzymes. The results suggest a role of PEST-amino acid residues in the molecular mechanism for prodomain and intersubunit cleavage and caspase-7 self-activation.
Fabrication of Robust Nano-Signatures for Identification of Authentic Electronic Components and Counterfeit Avoidance
Authors: Ahi Kiarash , Rivera Abdiel , Mazadi Anas , Anwar Mehdi
Published: June 2017

In this paper, a novel approach for marking integrated circuit packages with authentication nanosignatures is introduced. In this work, the signatures patterns are fabricated using electron beam lithography. Moreover, the robustness of these signatures against aging and humidity is investigated. A recipe comprising image processing techniques and measurement of similarity indices has been developed. These signatures are proposed to be fabricated at the manufacturer side of the supply chain. Then, they are decoded at the consumer end. Thus, robustness against ambient environment and aging is a requirement for these signatures to survive in the global supply chain. Calculated Mean Square Error and Structural SIMilarity Index confirmed that the reflected patterns of the signatures remain unchanged against aging and humidity.
Dynamical X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Triple-Junction Solar Cells on Germanium (001) Substrates
Authors: Althowibi F. A. , Ayers J. E.
Published: June 2017

We demonstrate the dynamical x-ray diffraction analysis of metamorphic triple-junction solar cells grown on Ge (001) substrates. The solar cells investigated involve an In0.67Ga0.33P top cell, an In0.17Ga0.83As middle cell, and a Ge bottom cell. A graded buffer layer is inserted between the bottom and middle cells for the purpose of accommodating the lattice mismatch. Linearly-graded, step-graded, and S-graded compositional profiles were considered for this buffer layer. The x-ray rocking curve analysis for a number of hkl reflections including 004, 113, 116, 044, 026, and 117 was conducted for the case of Cu Kα1 radiation. We show that the use of non-destructive x-ray analysis allows determination of the threading dislocation densities in the top two cells. In the cases of S-graded or step-graded buffer layers, the buffer threading dislocation density could also be estimated.
Improving the GJK Algorithm for Faster and More Reliable Distance Queries Between Convex Objects
Authors: Montanari Mattia , Petrinic Nik , Barbieri Ettore
Published: June 2017

This article presents a new version of the Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi (GJK) algorithm that circumvents the shortcomings introduced by degenerate geometries. The original Johnson algorithm and Backup procedure are replaced by a distance subalgorithm that is faster and accurate to machine precision, thus guiding the GJK algorithm toward a shorter search path in less computing time. Numerical tests demonstrate that this effectively is a more robust procedure. In particular, when the objects are found in contact, the newly proposed subalgorithm runs from 15% to 30% times faster than the original one. The improved performance has a significant impact on various applications, such as real-time simulations and collision avoidance systems. Altogether, the main contributions made to the GJK algorithm are faster convergence rate and reduced computational time. These improvements may be easily added into existing implementations; furthermore, engineering applications that require solutions of distance queries to machine precision can now be tackled using the GJK algorithm.
'Generation CS' drives growth in enrollments
Authors: Guzdial Mark
Published: June 2017

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Undergraduates who understand the importance of computer science have been expanding the CS student cohort for more than a decade.
Evolutionary Origins of Two-Barrel RNA Polymerases and Site-Specific Transcription Initiation
Authors: Fouqueau Thomas , Blombach Fabian , Werner Finn
Published: June 2017

Evolution-related multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs) carry out RNA synthesis in all domains life. Although their catalytic cores and fundamental mechanisms of transcription elongation are conserved, the initiation stage of the transcription cycle differs substantially in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes in terms of the requirements for accessory factors and details of the molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on recent insights into the evolution of the transcription apparatus with regard to (a) the surprisingly pervasive double-Ψ β-barrel active-site configuration among different nucleic acid polymerase families, (b) the origin and phylogenetic distribution of TBP, TFB, and TFE transcription factors, and (c) the functional relationship between transcription and translation initiation mechanisms in terms of transcription start site selection and RNA structure.
Increased adipose tissue aromatase activity improves insulin sensitivity and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in male mice
Authors: Ohlsson Claes , Hammarstedt Ann , Vandenput Liesbeth , Saarinen Niina , Ryberg Henrik , Windahl Sara H. , Farman Helen H. , Jansson John-Olov , Movérare-Skrtic Sofia , Smith Ulf , Zhang Fu-Ping , Poutanen Matti , Hedjazifar Shahram , Sjögren Klara
Published: June 2017

Females are, in general, more insulin sensitive than males. To investigate whether this is a direct effect of sex-steroids (SS) in white adipose tissue (WAT), we developed a male mouse model overexpressing the aromatase enzyme, converting testosterone (T) to estradiol (E2), specifically in WAT (Ap2-arom mice). Adipose tissue E2 levels were increased while circulating SS levels were unaffected in male Ap2-arom mice. Importantly, male Ap2-arom mice were more insulin sensitive compared with WT mice and exhibited increased serum adiponectin levels and upregulated expression of Glut4 and Irs1 in WAT. The expression of markers of macrophages and immune cell infiltration was markedly decreased in WAT of male Ap2-arom mice. The adipogenesis was enhanced in male Ap2-arom mice, supported by elevated Pparg expression in WAT and enhanced differentiation of preadipocyte into mature adipocytes. In summary, increased adipose tissue aromatase activity reduces adipose tissue inflammation and improves insulin sensitivity in male mice. We propose that estrogen increases insulin sensitivity via a local effect in WAT on adiponectin expression, adipose tissue inflammation, and adipogenesis.
Enhancing Health Risk Prediction with Deep Learning on Big Data and Revised Fusion Node Paradigm
Authors: Zhong Hongye , Xiao Jitian
Published: June 2017

With recent advances in health systems, the amount of health data is expanding rapidly in various formats. This data originates from many new sources including digital records, mobile devices, and wearable health devices. Big health data offers more opportunities for health data analysis and enhancement of health services via innovative approaches. The objective of this research is to develop a framework to enhance health prediction with the revised fusion node and deep learning paradigms. Fusion node is an information fusion model for constructing prediction systems. Deep learning involves the complex application of machine-learning algorithms, such as Bayesian fusions and neural network, for data extraction and logical inference. Deep learning, combined with information fusion paradigms, can be utilized to provide more comprehensive and reliable predictions from big health data. Based on the proposed framework, an experimental system is developed as an illustration for the framework implementation.
GH Responsiveness to Combined GH-Releasing Hormone and Arginine Administration in Obese Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Authors: Rigamonti Antonello E. , Grugni Graziano , Arreghini Marco , Capodaglio Paolo , De Col Alessandra , Agosti Fiorenza , Sartorio Alessandro
Published: June 2017

Reportedly, fibromyalgia (FM) is frequently associated with reduced IGF-1 levels and GH hyporesponsiveness to different GH stimulation tests. Since there is a high prevalence of obesity in FM, and obesity itself is characterized by hyposomatotropism, the aim of this study was to assess IGF-1 levels and GH responsiveness in sixteen severely obese women suffering from FM, who, subdivided into two subgroups on the basis of their age-dependent IGF-1 values (> or <−2 SDS), underwent the combined GHRH plus arginine test. Four out of 16 obese women with FM (25%) had low IGF-1 SDS values, 2 cases of this subgroup (12.5%) failing also to normally respond to the test. Among patients with normal GH responses, 4 showed a delayed GH peak. The subgroup with low IGF-1 SDS values had higher BMI than that with normal IGF-1 SDS. GH peak and area under the curve were not correlated with CRP, ESR, or tender point score, while significant correlations were found with fat-free mass and fat mass. In conclusion, this study shows the existence of a high prevalence of GH-IGF-1 dysfunction in patients with both FM and obesity, presumably as a consequence of the obese rather than fibromyalgic condition.
Activated Carbon Fiber Monoliths as Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Moreno-Fernandez Gelines , Ibañez Joaquin , Rojo Jose M. , Kunowsky Mirko
Published: June 2017

Activated carbon fibers (ACF) are interesting candidates for electrodes in electrochemical energy storage devices; however, one major drawback for practical application is their low density. In the present work, monoliths were synthesized from two different ACFs, reaching 3 times higher densities than the original ACFs’ apparent densities. The porosity of the monoliths was only slightly decreased with respect to the pristine ACFs, the employed PVDC binder developing additional porosity upon carbonization. The ACF monoliths are essentially microporous and reach BET surface areas of up to 1838 m2 g−1. SEM analysis reveals that the ACFs are well embedded into the monolith structure and that their length was significantly reduced due to the monolith preparation process. The carbonized monoliths were studied as supercapacitor electrodes in two- and three-electrode cells having 2 M H2SO4 as electrolyte. Maximum capacitances of around 200 F g−1 were reached. The results confirm that the capacitance of the bisulfate anions essentially originates from the double layer, while hydronium cations contribute with a mixture of both, double layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance.
Prevalence of EGFR Mutations in Lung Cancer in Uruguayan Population
Authors: Berois Nora , Touya Diego , Ubillos Luis , Bertoni Bernardo , Osinaga Eduardo , Varangot Mario
Published: June 2017

Background. Incorporation of molecular analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene into routine clinical practice represents a milestone for personalized therapy of the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the genetic testing of EGFR mutations has not yet become a routine clinical practice in developing countries. In view of different prevalence of such mutations among different ethnicities and geographic regions, as well as the limited existing data from Latin America, our aim was to study the frequency of major types of activating mutations of the EGFR gene in NSCLC patients from Uruguay.Methods. We examined EGFR mutations in exons 18 through 21 in 289 NSCLC Uruguayan patients by PCR-direct sequencing.Results. EGFR mutations were detected in 53 of the 289 (18.3%) patients, more frequently in women (23.4%) than in men (14.5%). The distribution by exon was similar to that generally reported in the literature.Conclusions. This first epidemiological study of EGFR mutations in Uruguay reveals a wide spectrum of mutations and an overall prevalence of 18.3%. The background ethnic structure of the Uruguayan population could play an important role in explaining our findings.
Performance Analyses of the Radio Orbital Angular Momentum Steering Technique Based on Ka-Band Antenna
Authors: Lin Mingtuan , Gao Yue , Liu Peiguo , Guo Zhiqing
Published: June 2017

The misalignment in the orbital angular momentum- (OAM-) based system would distort the radiation patterns of twisted beams carrying OAM, consequently making the OAM-based communication infeasible. To tackle the misalignment problem, a radio OAM steering technique based on a uniform circular array (UCA) is illustrated. Subsequently, simulations are conducted to explore the influence of the OAM steering on the OAM mode quality and transmission performance. Furthermore, UCAs working at Ka-band with formulated feeding networks are designed and fabricated to analyze the performance of the OAM steering. The influences of OAM steering on mode quality and orthogonality are then evaluated in the experiment. Overall, the analyses of OAM steering technique are beneficial for the development of radio OAM study.
Ubiquitous and Seamless Localization: Fusing GNSS Pseudoranges and WLAN Signal Strengths
Authors: Richter Philipp , Toledano-Ayala Manuel
Published: June 2017

Ubiquitous global positioning is not feasible by GNSS alone, as it lacks accurate position fixes in dense urban centres and indoors. Hybrid positioning methods have been developed to aid GNSS in those environments. Fingerprinting localization in wireless local area networks (WLANs) is a promising aiding system because of its availability, accuracy, and error mechanisms opposed to that of GNSS. This article presents a low-cost approach to ubiquitous, seamless positioning based on a particle filter integrating GNSS pseudoranges and WLAN received signal strength indicators (RSSIs). To achieve accurate location estimates indoors/outdoors and in the transition zones, appropriate likelihood functions are essential as they determine the influence of each sensor information on the position estimate. We model the spatial RSSI distributions with Gaussian processes and use these models to predict RSSIs at the particle’s positions to obtain point estimates of the RSSI likelihood function. The particle filter’s performance is assessed with real data of two test trajectories in an environment challenging for GNSS and WLAN fingerprinting localization. Outcomes of an extended Kalman filter using pseudoranges and a WLAN position as observation is included as benchmark. The proposed algorithm achieves accurate and robust seamless localization with a median accuracy of five meters.
A Novel Two-Disc Machine for High Precision Friction Assessment
Authors: Moder Jakob , Grün Florian , Stoschka Michael , Gódor István
Published: June 2017

The concept of two-disc model testing has proven to deliver valuable information for the applicability of new technologies, such as surface structuring, coatings, alternative fluids, or advanced materials, in actual machine elements. In this article an advanced two-disc machine with sophisticated control technology for dry and lubricated setup is presented. (i) All involved components are controlled via a powerful PLC unit leading to the possibility of realising extremely accurate SRRs down to 0.1%. (ii) High-speed data acquisition allows local insight into tribological phenomena by providing 72 data points along one shaft rotation. (iii) Several lubrication scenarios such as fluid, mixed, and starved lubrication, as well as dry contacts, can be considered. (iv) Raw-data of all sensors, including normal force, friction force, vibration speed, stiffness (wear), infrared temperature, contact potential, and motor speed, is presented. Some example results of dry polymer-steel tribosystems and lubricated experiments are shown to elucidate the capabilities of the novel test rig.
Sensitivity Evaluation of AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant Best Estimation Model
Authors: Shi Hao , Cai Qi , Chen Yuqing
Published: June 2017

The best estimation process of AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) requires proper selections of parameters and models so as to obtain the most accurate results compared with the actual design parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate the influences of these parameters and modeling approaches quantitatively and qualitatively. Based on the best estimate thermal-hydraulic system code RELAP5/MOD3.2, sensitivity analysis has been performed on core partition methods, parameters, and model selections in AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant, like the core channel number, pressurizer node number, feedwater temperature, and so forth. The results show that core channel number, core channel node number, and the pressurizer node number have apparent influences on the coolant temperature variation and pressure drop through the reactor. The feedwater temperature is a sensitive factor to the Steam Generator (SG) outlet temperature and the Steam Generator outlet pressure. In addition, the cross-flow model nearly has no effects on the coolant temperature variation and pressure drop in the reactor, in both the steady state and the loss of power transient. Furthermore, some fittest parameters with which the most accurate results could be obtained have been put forward for the nuclear system simulation.
Cytosine Deaminase APOBEC3A Sensitizes Leukemia Cells to Inhibition of the DNA Replication Checkpoint
Authors: Green Abby M. , Budagyan Konstantin , Hayer Katharina E. , Reed Morgann A. , Savani Milan R. , Wertheim Gerald B. , Weitzman Matthew D.
Published: June 2017

Mutational signatures in cancer genomes have implicated the APOBEC3 cytosine deaminases in oncogenesis, possibly offering a therapeutic vulnerability. Elevated APOBEC3B expression has been detected in solid tumors, but expression of APOBEC3A (A3A) in cancer has not been described to date. Here, we report that A3A is highly expressed in subsets of pediatric and adult acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We modeled A3A expression in the THP1 AML cell line by introducing an inducible A3A gene. A3A expression caused ATR-dependent phosphorylation of Chk1 and cell-cycle arrest, consistent with replication checkpoint activation. Further, replication checkpoint blockade via small-molecule inhibition of ATR kinase in cells expressing A3A led to apoptosis and cell death. Although DNA damage checkpoints are broadly activated in response to A3A activity, synthetic lethality was specific to ATR signaling via Chk1 and did not occur with ATM inhibition. Our findings identify elevation of A3A expression in AML cells, enabling apoptotic sensitivity to inhibitors of the DNA replication checkpoint and suggesting it as a candidate biomarker for ATR inhibitor therapy. Cancer Res; 77(17); 4579–88. ©2017 AACR.
Joining the Global Village: Teaching Globalization with Wikipedia
Authors: Konieczny Piotr
Published: June 2017

This paper presents an analysis of my experiences with a teaching activity that engages students in publishing in Wikipedia on issues relating to globalization. It begins with a short overview of some of the current debates revolving around teaching globalization, which lay ground for the assignment. I discuss how this teaching tool fits with a number of dimensions related to teaching globalization, particularly with an international service learning approach. Finally, I present assessment data from a series of surveys I conducted from 2008 to 2016 on the effectiveness of the assignment.
A group II metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3, GRM3) isoform implicated in schizophrenia interacts with canonical mGlu3 and reduces ligand binding
Authors: García-Bea Aintzane , Bermudez Isabel , Harrison Paul J , Lane Tracy A
Published: June 2017

As well as being expressed as a full-length transcript, the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (GRM3, mGlu3) gene is expressed as an mRNA isoform which lacks exon 4 (GRM3Δ4) and which is predicted to encode a protein with a novel C terminus (called mGlu3Δ4). This variant may contribute to the mechanism by which GRM3 acts as a schizophrenia risk gene. However, little is known about the properties or function of mGlu3Δ4. Here, using transiently transfected HEK293T/17 cells, we confirm that GRM3Δ4 cDNA is translated, with mGlu3Δ4 existing as a homodimer as well as a monomer, and localizing primarily to cell membranes including the plasma membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation shows that mGlu3Δ4 interacts with canonical mGlu3. mGlu3Δ4 does not bind the mGlu2/3 antagonist [3H]LY341495, but the presence of mGlu3Δ4 reduces binding of [3H]LY341495 to mGlu3, paralleled by a decrease in the abundance of membrane-associated mGlu3. These experiments indicate that mGlu3Δ4 may negatively modulate mGlu3, and thereby impact on the roles of GRM3/mGlu3 in schizophrenia and as a therapeutic target.
Verbal working memory-related functional connectivity alterations in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the effects of methylphenidate
Authors: Wu Zhao-Min , Bralten Janita , An Li , Cao Qing-Jiu , Cao Xiao-Hua , Sun Li , Liu Lu , Yang Li , Mennes Maarten , Zang Yu-Feng , Franke Barbara , Hoogman Martine , Wang Yu-Feng
Published: June 2017

Objective:

Few studies have investigated verbal working memory-related functional connectivity patterns in participants with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, we aimed to compare working memory-related functional connectivity patterns in healthy children and those with ADHD, and study effects of methylphenidate (MPH).

Method:

Twenty-two boys with ADHD were scanned twice, under either MPH (single dose, 10 mg) or placebo, in a randomised, cross-over, counterbalanced placebo-controlled design. Thirty healthy boys were scanned once. We used fMRI during a numerical n-back task to examine functional connectivity patterns in case-control and MPH-placebo comparisons, using independent component analysis.

Results:

There was no significant difference in behavioural performance between children with ADHD, treated with MPH or placebo, and healthy controls. Compared with controls, participants with ADHD under placebo showed increased functional connectivity within fronto-parietal and auditory networks, and decreased functional connectivity within the executive control network. MPH normalized the altered functional connectivity pattern and significantly enhanced functional connectivity within the executive control network, though in non-overlapping areas.

Conclusion:

Our study contributes to the identification of the neural substrates of working memory. Single dose of MPH normalized the altered brain functional connectivity network, but had no enhancing effect on (non-impaired) behavioural performance.
The historical possibility and necessity of (Ilyenkov’s) anti-innatism
Authors: Azeri Siyaves
Published: June 2017

An important aspect of Evald Ilyenkov’s theory of social mind is anti-innatism. Anti-innatism is not only the necessary logical outcome of Ilyenkov’s overall philosophical system and in particular of his anti-reductionism, but also it is a socio-historically possible and necessary consequence of the capitalist mode of production, which amounts to the formation of a gap between socially formed human knowledge and growth of the productive powers, on the one hand, and value-producing labour, on the other.
Impact of Financial Development on Trade Balance: An ARDL Cointegration and Causality Approach for Pakistan
Authors: Ahad Muhammad
Published: June 2017

This article aims to examine the relationship among financial development, trade balance, exchange rate and inflation by using time series data from 1972 to 2014 for Pakistan. We have tested the unit root properties of variables by using augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF), Phillips–Perron and breakpoint unit root tests. The autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach is applied to examine the cointegration between variables due to mixed orders of integration between series I(0)/ I(1). The ARDL findings suggested that long-run relationship exists among financial development, trade balance, exchange rate and inflation. Error correction model (ECM) is applied to analyze short-run relationship. The lagged value of the error correction term (ECMt−1) is negative and significant at 1 per cent level of significance. The value of ECMt−1 is −0.91 which states that digression from the short run towards long run is corrected by almost 91 per cent by every year. Financial development, exchange rate and inflation have significant impact on trade balance in the long run. But in the short run, only exchange rate and inflation have statistically significant impact on trade balance. Diagnostic statistics have confirmed the characteristics of model in the short run as well as in the long run. The causal relationship between variables are examined by vector error correction model (VECM) Granger causality and robustness of causal analysis is tested by variance decomposition approach (VDA). The results of VECM have predicted that unidirectional causality from financial development to trade balance exist in the long run. The results of VDA explained that 19 per cent of trade balance is explained by shocks stimulating financial development. Government should enhance financial development by managing lending interest rates to improve trade balance.
Strategies and mechanisms in musical affect self-regulation: A new model
Authors: Baltazar Margarida , Saarikallio Suvi
Published: June 2017

This study aimed at investigating the associations between regulation strategies and musical mechanisms involved in musical affect self-regulation. A sample of 571 participants was collected and the data regarding the reported strategies and mechanisms were analysed using correspondence analysis (CA). Three bipolar dimensions – cognition, feelings, and body – were retained for interpretation, thus revealing six contrasting strategic uses of music: cognitive work, entertainment, affective work, distraction, revival, and focus on situation. Clear associations between strategies and mechanisms emerged from the CA, connecting cognitive, feelings-focused, and situational processing with individual-dependent mechanisms and repairing, pleasure, and body-focused strategies with feature-dependent mechanisms. The novel observations about these associations renew the conceptual understanding of musical affect self-regulation and lay foundations for a new model that integrates regulatory strategies and mechanisms as intrinsic and interrelated components of this behaviour.
Causes of Death Among 379 Patients With Hemophilia: A Developing Country’s Report
Authors: Mansouritorghabeh Hassan , Rahimi Hossein , Mohades Seyed Tahereh , Behboudi Maryam
Published: June 2017

There are steps to achieve an optimum life for patients with hemophilia in developing countries, and awareness of the pattern of death in patients with hemophilia is a prerequisite for any health-care program. Owing to the lack of any data on the pattern of death in patients with hemophilia from developing countries, the current study was done to address common causes of death, and the spectrum of causes of death among individuals with hemophilia A and B. To address the pattern of death in northeast of Iran, we retrospectively collected demographic data regarding deceased patients with hemophilia A and B. Overall, among 379 people with hemophilia A and B, there were 46 deaths. Thirty-two deaths happened in the severe forms of the diseases. The obtained results show the patterns of death in the patients studied are not as parallel as some reports from the developed countries. Traumatic and spontaneous bleeding events were the main causes of death. The trend of death shows a decrease in the current decade post better therapeutic facilities. Evaluation of causes of death in hemophilia can be a useful indicator for managing the efficacy of health care in the current patients.
CSF and clinical data are useful in differentiating CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease from CNS lymphoma
Authors: Ikeguchi Ryotaro , Shimizu Yuko , Shimizu Satoru , Kitagawa Kazuo
Published: June 2017

Background:

It is often difficult to diagnose central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) because they are similar to CNS lymphoma and glioma.

Objective:

To evaluate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis can differentiate CNS IDDs from CNS lymphoma and glioma.

Methods:

We measured CSF cell counts; concentrations of proteins, glucose, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and myelin basic protein; and IgG index in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS, n = 64), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD, n = 35), tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL, n = 17), CNS lymphoma ( n = 12), or glioma ( n = 10). We detected diagnostic markers using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.

Results:

Median CSF IL-10 and sIL-2R levels were higher in CNS lymphoma patients than in MS, NMOSD, or TDL patients. Logistic regression revealed that CSF sIL-2R levels predicted CNS lymphoma. In the ROC analysis of CSF sIL-2R levels, the area under the curve was 0.867, and the sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 90.0%, respectively.

Conclusion:

CSF sIL-2R levels can be used to differentiate CNS lymphoma from CNS IDDs. Further studies may identify other applications of CSF as a diagnostic biomarker.
Typical Carpal Tunnel Syndrome or Something More? A Plastic Surgeon’s Experience With Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
Authors: Hewitt Mark K. , Seal Shane K. F.
Published: June 2017

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) typically presents with widespread peripheral motor and sensory deficits that progress over a 2- to 3-month period. In this article, the authors report a case involving a 32-year-old pregnant woman presenting to hand clinic after a 3-month history of bilateral median nerve compression consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common complaint resulting from pregnancy-associated edema and is typically treated conservatively. However, upon follow-up, this patient displayed new signs of widespread peripheral neurological deficits, prompting a diagnosis of CIDP. In addition to this highly atypical presentation of CIDP, the patient’s symptoms spontaneously remitted throughout the pregnancy requiring no further treatment. This case highlights the heterogeneous nature of neurological disease presentation and the importance in considering alternative diagnosis in what may appear as clear-cut plastic surgery case.
Use of the SurroSense Rx System for Sensory Substitution of the Insensate Plantar Foot Resurfaced With Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Free Flap and Skin Graft
Authors: Bray Emily , Everett Breanne , Mouawad Alexa , Harrop A. Robertson , Brauer Carmen
Published: June 2017

Degloving injuries of the foot pose an important challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Key features of reconstruction include sensibility, stability, and durability. Preservation of plantar sensibility is considered to be a critical factor in the evaluation of lower extremity trauma, with its absence once being considered an indication for amputation. However, recent studies show that outcomes following limb preservation are not as adversely affected by a lack of plantar sensation than was once thought. With the increasing practice pattern of attempting limb salvage in the face of impaired plantar sensation, methods and devices designed to provide patients with maximal protection for loss of protective sensation (LOPS) in the affected limb are critical. The authors present the innovative use of the SurroSense Rx smart insole system (Orpyx Medical Technologies Inc, Calgary, Canada) in the management of LOPS in a patient with a degloving injury of the foot that was reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi free flap and skin graft. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of use of such a system following a traumatic injury to the lower extremity.
Training and minimum wages: first evidence from the introduction of the minimum wage in Germany
Authors: Bellmann Lutz , Bossler Mario , Gerner Hans-Dieter , Hübler Olaf
Published: June 2017

We analyze the short-run impact of the introduction of the new statutory minimum wage in Germany on further training at the workplace level. Applying difference-in-difference methods to data from the IAB Establishment Panel, we do not find a reduction in the training incidence but a slight reduction in the intensity of training at treated establishments. Effect heterogeneities reveal that the negative impact is mostly driven by employer-financed training. On the worker level, we observe a reduction of training for medium- and high-skilled employees but no significant effects on the training of low-skilled employees.
Survey of Fertility Preservation Options Available to Patients With Cancer Around the Globe
Authors: Rashedi Alexandra S. , de Roo Saskia F. , Ataman Lauren M. , Edmonds Maxwell E. , Silva Adelino Amaral , Scarella Anibal , Horbaczewska Anna , Anazodo Antoinette , Arvas Ayse , Ramalho de Carvalho Bruno , Sartorio Cassio , Beerendonk Catharina C.M. , Diaz-Garcia Cesar , Suh Chang Suk , Melo Cláudia , Yding Andersen Claus , Motta Eduardo , Greenblatt Ellen M. , Van Moer Ellen , Zand Elnaz , Reis Fernando M. , Sánchez Flor , Terrado Guillermo , Rodrigues Jhenifer K. , de Meneses e Silva João Marcos , Smitz Johan , Medrano Jose , Lee Jung Ryeol , Winkler-Crepaz Katharina , Smith Kristin , Ferreira Melo e Silva Lígia Helena , Wildt Ludwig , Salama Mahmoud , del Mar Andrés María , Bourlon Maria T. , Vega Mario , Chehin Maurício Barbour , De Vos Michel , Khrouf Mohamed , Suzuki Nao , Azmy Osama , Fontoura Paula , Campos-Junior Paulo Henrique Almeida , Mallmann Peter , Azambuja Ricardo , Marinho Ricardo M. , Anderson Richard A. , Jach Robert , Antunes Roberto de A. , Mitchell Rod , Fathi Rouhollah , Adiga Satish Kumar , Takae Seido , Kim Seok Hyun , Romero Sergio , Chedid Grieco Silvana , Shaulov Talya , Furui Tatsuro , Almeida-Santos Teresa , Nelen Willianne , Jayasinghe Yasmin , Sugishita Yodo , Woodruff Teresa K.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

Oncofertility focuses on providing fertility and endocrine-sparing options to patients who undergo life-preserving but gonadotoxic cancer treatment. The resources needed to meet patient demand often are fragmented along disciplinary lines. We quantify assets and gaps in oncofertility care on a global scale.

Methods

Survey-based questionnaires were provided to 191 members of the Oncofertility Consortium Global Partners Network, a National Institutes of Health–funded organization. Responses were analyzed to measure trends and regional subtleties about patient oncofertility experiences and to analyze barriers to care at sites that provide oncofertility services.

Results

Sixty-three responses were received (response rate, 25%), and 40 were analyzed from oncofertility centers in 28 countries. Thirty of 40 survey results (75%) showed that formal referral processes and psychological care are provided to patients at the majority of sites. Fourteen of 23 respondents (61%) stated that some fertility preservation services are not offered because of cultural and legal barriers. The growth of oncofertility and its capacity to improve the lives of cancer survivors around the globe relies on concentrated efforts to increase awareness, promote collaboration, share best practices, and advocate for research funding.

Conclusion

This survey reveals global and regional successes and challenges and provides insight into what is needed to advance the field and make the discussion of fertility preservation and endocrine health a standard component of the cancer treatment plan. As the field of oncofertility continues to develop around the globe, regular assessment of both international and regional barriers to quality care must continue to guide process improvements.
Comparing Madrid and Salvador GHG emission inventories: Implications for future researches
Authors: Andrade José Celio Silveira , Dameno Andrea , Pérez Javier , De Andrés Juan Manuel , Lumbreras Julio
Published: June 2017

This paper compares the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission inventories of Madrid and Salvador and discusses some implications for future researches, focusing on city-level carbon accounting (CLCA) of emissions from urban supply chains (USC) and final consumers. To carry out this study, secondary data were collected from official documents of municipal governments of these two cities. According to the results, there are differences in stationary energy GHG emissions due to the big distinction concerning electricity emission factors used by each city. Air transportation GHG emissions are also very different. These two cities share some common figures regarding road transportation and per capita waste sector GHG emissions. In the conclusion section, we discuss opportunities for improvement of the cities’ GHG emission inventories as well as some implications for policy-making and future researches on carbon accounting, with focus on an integrated production-consumption system.
Modeling and Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Assisted Electrolyzer-Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell For Running a Hospital in Remote Area in Kolkata, India
Authors: Talukdar Kamaljyoti
Published: June 2017

The present work consists of the modeling and analysis of solar photovoltaic panels integrated with electrolyzer bank and Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stacks for running different appliances of a hospital located in Kolkata for different climatic conditions. Electric power is generated by an array of solar photovoltaic modules. Excess energy after meeting the requirements of the hospital during peak sunshine hours is supplied to an electrolyzer bank to generate hydrogen gas, which is consumed by the PEM fuel cell stack to support the power requirement during the energy deficit hours. The study reveals that 875 solar photovoltaic modules in parallel each having 2 modules in series of Central Electronics Limited Make PM 150 with a 178.537 kW electrolyzer and 27 PEM fuel cell stacks, each of 382.372 W, can support the energy requirement of a 200 lights (100 W each), 4 pumps (2 kW each), 120 fans(65 W each) and 5 refrigerators (2 kW each)system operated for 16 hours, 2 hours,15 hours and 24 hours respectively. 123 solar photovoltaic modules in parallel each having 2 modules in series of Central Electronics Limited Make PM 150 is needed to run the gas compressor for storing hydrogen in the cylinder during sunshine hours. Article History: Received Feb 5th 2017; Received in revised form June 2nd 2017; Accepted June 28th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Talukdar, K. (2017). Modeling and Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Assisted Electrolyzer-Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell For Running a Hospital in Remote Area in Kolkata,India. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 181-191.https://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.181-191