bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medial Representation Based Font Recognition Method
Authors: Lipkina A. , Mestetskiy L.
Published: December 2020

In this article, a method of font recognition based on the medial representation, integrated into the font recognition system based on a digital image of text is described. This system searches for similar fonts, ordered by similarity, to the font shown in the user-entered text image. The system is based on solving two machine learning problems: text recognition on an image and font recognition on a text image. To solve the first problem, we use the concept of a mathematical model of a grapheme based on a continuous medial representation of a symbol. The solution to the font recognition problem is based on the concept of the morphological width of the figure, which is also closely related to the medial representation. We propose a method for using the morphological width function to find the most similar fonts from a known database. The experiments show high accuracy of searching for the most similar fonts. For a database consisting of 2543 fonts, the accuracy is 0.991 according to the metric top@5 for correctly recognized text in the font size of 100 pixels in the image.
Penilaian Kinerja Guru Mengenai Profesionalisme Guru Di Smp Negeri 2 Pangaribuan Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun 2020
Authors: Gultom Tiamsa
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang penilaian kinerja guru untuk mengukur profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 2 Pangaribuan. Adapun kajiannya dilatar belakangi oleh tuntutan seorang guru yang profesioanl dalam semua mata pelajar di semua jenjang pendidikan. Terlebih  dengan  peraturan  UUD  Guru  dan  Dosen,  serta adanya sertifikasi pendidik. Maka untuk dapat mengukur itu dilakukan penilaian kinerja guru yang meliputi empat komponen dasar, yaitu pedagogik, kepribadian, sosial, dan profesional. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan: (1) Bagaimana penilaian kinerja guru di SMP Negeri 2 Pangaribuan?, (2) Bagaimana upaya yang harus dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 2 Pangaribuan?. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Oleh karena itu objek  yang diteliti di sekolah yang  sekiranya  mampu  memberikan informasi tentang kajian penelitian. Agar penelitian ini dapat tercapai dengan baik, maka dalam metode penelitiannya diperlukan langkah-langkah sistematis berencana, dan sesuai dengan kaidah keilmuan. Selain itu penelitian kualitatif juga dilakukan secara intensif, berpartisipasi untuk  mencatat segala data kemudian melakukan analisis terhadap data yang didapat selama penelitian. Kajian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1).Kinerja guru dapat diukur dengan dilakukan penilaian kinerja guru yang merupakan suatu kegiatan membina dan mengembangkan guru profesional yang dilakukan dari guru, oleh guru, untuk guru. Kepala sekolah menilai pelaksanaan pembelajaran meliputi pra pembelajaran (pengecekan kesiapan kelas dan apersepsi), kegiatan inti (penguasaan materi, strategi pembelajaran, pemanfaatan media/sumber, penilaian proses dan hasil belajar, penggunaan bahasa), dan menutup (refleksi, rangkuman dan tindak lanjut) (2) Upaya kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dengan memberikan (a) pembinaan kepada para guru dalam menyusun rencana pembelajaran, (b) memantau para guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran, (c) mengawasi jalannya program-program kegiatan pendidikan., (d) mengecek keadaan dan keutuhan fasilitas sekolah sebagai penunjang prestasi peserta didik, (e) mengevaluasi lewat briefing dan rapat program pendidikan
KES-KES PENGANGKATAN ANAK DI MAHKAMAH SYARIAH NEGERI SABAH
Authors: ABAS NOORYASMENSHARINI , SINTANG SURAYA
Published: December 2020

Abstrak Enakmen Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Sabah tahun 2004 memperuntukkan bahawa Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Sabah berbidang kuasa memutuskan Permohonan Pengangkatan Anak oleh orang Islam. Peruntukan undang-undang ini telah memberikan kuasa eksklusif kepada Mahkamah Syariah di negeri Sabah kerana tidak ada negeri di Malaysia yang memperuntukkan kuasa sedemikian kepada Mahkamah Syariah, selain daripada negeri Sabah. Peringkat Mahkamah Syariah yang berbidang kuasa memutuskan Permohonan Pengangkatan Anak oleh orang Islam di negeri Sabah adalah Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah. Bersesuaian dengan kuasa eksklusif tersebut, maka objektif kajian ini adalah bagi mengkaji kes-kes Permohonan Pengangkatan Anak yang telah diputuskan di Mahkamah Syariah negeri Sabah dan mencadangkan penambahbaikan dalam prosedur yang sedia ada. Metode pengumpulan data kajian ini adalah kajian dokumentasi melalui kes-kes yang didaftarkan di Mahkamah Syariah di negeri Sabah dan juga wawancara terhadap pegawai yang terlibat. Hasil kajian ini dapat memberi pendedahan kepada masyarakat Islam di negeri Sabah dalam memahami proses Permohonan Pengangkatan Anak oleh orang Islam yang dikendalikan oleh Mahkamah Syariah negeri Sabah.

Abstract  Under the Sabah Syariah Courts Enactment 2004, the Sabah State Syariah Court has exclusive jurisdiction of all actions and proceedings pertaining to the Application of Child Adoption by Muslims. No other state in Malaysia provides their Syariah courts with similar exclusive provisions in matters pertaining to child adoption for Muslims. This study examines child adoption cases that had been decided by the Sabah State Syariah Courts and proposes improvements to the current procedures. Data collection for this study relied on (i) analysis of documents on cases registered with the Sabah State Syariah Courts and (ii) interviews with the relevant officers. The outcome of this study seeks to provide insights to Muslims in Sabah on the processes of child adoption application under the jurisdiction of the Sabah State Syariah Courts.
Evaluation of cytotoxic potential of L-asparaginase from Scopulariopsis brevicaulis on cell lines in vitro
Authors: Renita Maria D’Souza , Asha Abraham
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: This study reports the cytotoxic potential of L-Asparaginase isolated from the fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis.

Materials and Methods: Extracellular L- Asparaginase was isolated from Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by dialysis, ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Varying concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 µg/ml) of purified L-Asparaginase was tested on MCF7, HeLa, HepG2 and 3T3L1cell lines by MTT assay. Curcumin was maintained as a positive control.

Results: Minimum inhibition of 23.57% was observed at an enzyme concentration of 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (66.41%) was observed at 500 µg/ml against MCF7 cell line. Minimum inhibition of 2.87% was observed at an enzyme concentration 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (58.49%) was observed at 500 µg/ml against HeLa cell line. Minimum inhibition of 4.58% was shown at an enzyme concentration of 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (46.14 %) was observed at 500 µg/ml against HepG2 cell line. Minimum inhibition of 1.4% was shown by enzyme concentration 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (50.9%) was observed at 500 µg/ml against 3T3L1 cell line.

Conclusion: We report for the first time the cytotoxic potential of L-Asparaginase from Scopulariopsis brevicaulis.
The efficacy of two-year yogic practice on selected pulmonary function test in postmenopausal women
Authors: Ramesh Bhat , Chatterjee Pratik Kumar , Suman Veerappa Budihal , Nayanatara Arun Kumar , . Kunal , Vinodini Nithyananda Madom Anantharaya
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Menopausal transition has been well associated with a series of hormonal changes that has been linked to impairment of respiratory function. The present study was designed to evaluate the cumulative effect of practicing yoga on certain respiratory parameters in postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods: Sixty postmenopausal women were divided into two groups (n=30 each). Based on the duration of yoga, they were grouped into Group I – (Regularly doing yoga for one year) and Group II (Regularly doing yoga for the two years). The women not doing any yogic exercises were taken as the control group; Group Ia (for One year) and Group II a (for two years). The respiratory parameters were measured with the help of vitalograph.

Results: All the observed respiratory parameters such as vital capacity (VC), Forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume during the 1st second.), FEV1 ratio, PEFR (Peak expiratory flow rate). FEF50 (Forced Expiratory Flow at 50%), showed a significant (P<0.0001) improvement in Group II when compared to the Group I.

Conclusion: Yoga practice can be advocated to improve pulmonary function tests in post-menopausal women which might help in preventing respiratory diseases during aging process. Optimum benefit of yoga was observed during the two years of yoga practice in the postmenopausal women. Continued practice of yoga might be also considered as a preventive exercise to impair age related morbidity and improve the quality of life.
Effect of mobilization on ankle mobility and balance performance in diabetic patients
Authors: Jerome Albin , Jeyabalan Karthikeyan , Keong Hoe Kean , Gharote Gaurai
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Diabetic Cheiroarthropathy is defined as the condition of restriction joint mobility due to pseudo-sclerodermatous hand, the fibrosis of the elastin connective tissues over the skin. It limits joint mobility especially around Tibia fibular mobility that are interrelated with the flexibility of ankle motion that results in the balance disorder in diabetic population. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of the tibia fibular mobilization technique on ankle joint in diabetes mellitus patients.

Materials and Methods: 60 diabetic subjects were randomly assigned into experimental group and control, in which experimental group received Tibia fibular mobilization technique and conventional treatment whereas control group received only conventional treatment 1 time a week for 3 weeks. Results: There is no significant difference in Ankle dorsi flexion range of motion in both extremities but there is significant difference in ankle plantar flexion range of motion in both extremities and functional reach test in both extremities.

Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the ankle plantar flexion range of motion and functional reach test, Hence, mobilization of Tibiofibular joint will be beneficial in improving the ankle range of motion and balance factor in the diabetic population.
Comparison of Jaffe and enzymatic methods for creatinine estimation and their effect in GFR calculation in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sarangi RajLaxmi , Mishra Sanjukta , Pathak Mona , Mahapatra Srikrushna
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Serum creatinine (SCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) gives the idea of overall functional status of kidney. Measurement of SCr by different method and discordant result between them can misclassify different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many of the tertiary care health centre, SCr measured by Jaffe method is still the method of choice because of its cost effectiveness even if it is more susceptible for interference. Our aim was to measure SCr level by both Jaffe’s & enzymatic method and analysing the discordance rate of eGFR and their effect in staging of kidney disease in CKD patients.

Materials and Methods: In this observational study 330 serum sample were analysed for creatinine by Jaffe’s and enzymatic methods in a fully automated analyser using commercially available kits. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula was used for estimating GFR.

Results: In 330 subjects eGFR values calculated on incorporating SCr were found as 58.84 ± 68.34 (median (IQR) = 26.67(15.09-90.84) and 44.49 ± 41.18 (Median (IQR) = 26.86 (14.69-67.69))

ml/min/1.73 m2 respectively by Jaffe’s and enzymatic method. Concordance correlation coefficient between two methods for SCr was statistically significant. Bland-Altman plot showed with increasing value of SCr, the difference between the SCr values given by these two methods increased. Jaffe’s creatinine has lower value in comparison to enzymatic Cr. There was a significant difference between eGFR obtained from SCr estimated by Jaffe’s and enzymatic method.

Conclusion: All laboratory should use uniform method for creatinine estimation. Enzymatic method for creatinine estimation should not be compromised over cost of test, so that less variability in creatinine result can lead to more accurate staging of the disease.
Conectividade com a natureza, mitigação e adaptação à mudança climática
Authors: Pato Claudia
Published: December 2020

.
A Qualidade Percebida dos Produtos Fabricados por Impressão 3D FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling): Uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura com Ênfase na Satisfação do Usuário Final
Authors: Ignacio Sánchez José , D`Garcia Araújo Silva Germannya
Published: December 2020

A fabricação convencional de produtos consiste principalmente em processos subtrativos e de conformação, onde cada peça é moldada por remoção de material; preenchimento de cavidades de moldes ou deformação plástica (fresagem, torneamento, injeção, estampagem, etc.). Já a fabricação aditiva é um processo de manufatura contemporâneo em que um produto é fabricado adicionandomateriais, camadas por camadas até obter um volume desejado, anteriormente chamado de prototipagem rápida ou impressão 3D (GIBSON et al., 2010; UPADHYAY et al., 2016).
A Qualidade Atraente Percebida em Lojas de Centros de Compras
Authors: Amorim Cintia , Costa Filho Lourival
Published: December 2020

A Indústria de Confecções representa, no contexto nacional, uma das principais atividades econômicas geradoras de emprego e renda (ROCHA, 2002). No Nordeste do Brasil, esse segmento industrial tem grande destaque, principalmente nos setores de comércio e emprego, estando presente em quase todos os estados dessa região, com ênfase nos estados do Ceará, com a capital Fortaleza, e de Pernambuco, com o arranjo produtivo local (APL) de confecções do Agreste, que reúne as cidades de Caruaru, Toritama e Santa Cruz do Capibaribe.
Dynamics of He++ ions at interplanetary shocks
Authors: Sapunova Olga V. , Borodkova Natalia L. , Zastenker Georgii N. , Yermolaev Yuri I.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Variations of parameters of twice-ionized helium ions – He++ ions or α-particles – in the solar wind plasma during the interplanetary shock front passage are investigated. We used the data measured by the BMSW (Bright Monitor of Solar Wind) instrument installed on the SPEKTR-R satellite, which operated since August 2011 to 2019 and registered 57 interplanetary shocks. According to received data, the parameters of He++ ions were calculated: velocity Vα, temperature Tα, absolute density Nα and relative density (helium abundance) Nα/Np. The correlation of changes in helium abundance Nα/Np with the parameters βi, θBn and MMS were investigated.
Biases in the albedo sensitivity to deforestation in CMIP5 models and their impacts on the associated historical radiative forcing
Authors: Lejeune Quentin , Davin Edouard L. , Duveiller Grégory , Crezee Bas , Meier Ronny , Cescatti Alessandro , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Climate model biases in the representation of albedo variations between land cover classes contribute to uncertainties on the climate impact of land cover changes since pre-industrial times, especially on the associated radiative forcing. Recent publications of new observation-based datasets offer opportunities to investigate these biases and their impact on historical surface albedo changes in simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Conducting such an assessment is, however, complicated by the non-availability of albedo values for specific land cover classes in CMIP and the limited number of simulations isolating the land use forcing. In this study, we demonstrate the suitability of a new methodology to extract the albedo of trees and crops–grasses in standard climate model simulations. We then apply it to historical runs from 17 CMIP5 models and compare the obtained results to satellite-derived reference data. This allows us to identify substantial biases in the representation of the albedo of trees and crops–grasses as well as the surface albedo change due to the transition between these two land cover classes in the analysed models. Additionally, we reconstruct the local surface albedo changes induced by historical conversions between trees and crops–grasses for 15 CMIP5 models. This allows us to derive estimates of the albedo-induced radiative forcing from land cover changes since pre-industrial times. We find a multi-model range from 0 to −0.17 W m−2, with a mean value of −0.07 W m−2. Constraining the surface albedo response to transitions between trees and crops–grasses from the models with satellite-derived data leads to a revised multi-model mean estimate of −0.09 W m−2 but an increase in the multi-model range. However, after excluding one model with unrealistic conversion rates from trees to
crops–grasses the remaining individual model results vary between −0.03 and −0.11 W m−2. These numbers are at the lower end of the range provided by the IPCC AR5 (-0.15±0.10 W m−2). The approach described in this study can be applied to other model simulations, such as those from CMIP6, especially as the evaluation diagnostic described here has been included in the ESMValTool v2.0.
Mathematical foundation of Capon's method for planetary magnetic field analysis
Authors: Toepfer Simon , Narita Yasuhito , Heyner Daniel , Kolhey Patrick , Motschmann Uwe
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Minimum variance distortionless projection, the so-called Capon method, serves as a powerful and robust data analysis tool when working on various kinds of ill-posed inverse problems. The method has not only successfully been applied to multipoint wave and turbulence studies in the context of space plasma physics, but it is also currently being considered as a technique to perform the multipole expansion of planetary magnetic fields from a limited data set, such as Mercury's magnetic field analysis. The practical application and limits of the Capon method are discussed in a rigorous fashion by formulating its linear algebraic derivation in view of planetary magnetic field studies. Furthermore, the optimization of Capon's method by making use of diagonal loading is considered.
Global ecosystem-scale plant hydraulic traits retrieved using
model-data fusion
Authors: Liu Yanlan , Holtzman Nataniel M. , Konings Alexandra G.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Droughts are expected to become more frequent and severe under climate change, increasing the need for accurate predictions of plant drought response. This response varies substantially depending on plant properties that regulate water transport and storage within plants, i.e., plant hydraulic traits. It is therefore crucial to map plant hydraulic traits at a large scale to better assess drought impacts. Improved understanding of global variations in plant hydraulic traits is also needed for paramaterizing the latest generation of land surface models, many of which explicitly simulate plant hydraulic processes for the first time. Here, we use a model-data fusion approach to evaluate the spatial pattern of plant hydraulic traits across the globe. This approach integrates a plant hydraulic model with datasets derived from microwave remote sensing that inform ecosystem-scale plant water regulation. In particular, we use both surface soil moisture and vegetation optical depth (VOD) derived from the X-band JAXA Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E). VOD is proportional to vegetation water content and therefore closely related to leaf water potential. In addition, evapotranspiration (ET) from the Atmosphere Land-Exchange Inverse model (ALEXI) is also used as a constraint to derive plant hydraulic traits. The derived traits are compared to independent data sources based on ground measurements. Using the K-means clustering method, we build six hydraulic functional types (HFTs) with distinct trait combinations – mathematically tractable alternatives to the common approach of assigning plant hydraulic values based on plant functional types. Using traits averaged by HFTs rather than by PFTs improves VOD and ET estimation accuracies in the majority of areas across the globe. The use of HFTs and/or plant hydraulic traits derived from model-data fusion in this study will contribute to improved parameterization of plant hydraulics in large-scale models and the prediction of ecosystem drought response.
Measurements and modeling of snow albedo at Alerce Glacier, Argentina: effects of volcanic ash, snow grain size, and cloudiness
Authors: Gelman Constantin Julián , Ruiz Lucas , Villarosa Gustavo , Outes Valeria , Bajano Facundo N. , He Cenlin , Bajano Hector , Dawidowski Laura
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The impact of volcanic ash on seasonal snow and glacier mass balance has been much less studied than that of carbonaceous particles and mineral dust. We present here the first field measurements on the Argentinian Andes, combined with snow albedo and glacier mass balance modeling. Measured impurity content (1.1 mg kg−1 to 30 000 mg kg−1) varied abruptly in snow pits and snow and firn cores, due to high surface enrichment during the ablation season and possibly local or regional wind-driven resuspension and redeposition of dust and volcanic ash. In addition, we observed high spatial heterogeneity, due to glacier topography and the prevailing wind direction. Microscopic characterization showed that the major component was ash from recent Calbuco (2015) and Cordón Caulle (2011) volcanic eruptions, with a minor presence of mineral dust and black carbon. We also found a wide range of measured snow albedo (0.26 to 0.81), which reflected mainly the impurity content and the snow and firn grain size (due to aging). We updated the SNow, ICe, and Aerosol Radiation (SNICAR) albedo model to account for the effect of cloudiness on incident radiation spectra, improving the match of modeled and measured values. We also ran sensitivity studies considering the uncertainty in the main measured parameters (impurity content and composition, snow grain size, layer thickness, etc.) to identify the field measurements that should be improved to facilitate the validation of the snow albedo model. Finally, we studied the impact of these albedo reductions on Alerce Glacier using a spatially distributed surface mass balance model. We found a large impact of albedo changes on glacier mass balance, and we estimated that the effect of observed ash concentrations can be as high as a 1.25 m water equivalent decrease in the annual surface mass balance (due to a 34 % increase in the melt during the ablation season).
The use of consumer neuroscience in aroma marketing of a service company
Authors: Berčí­k Jakub , Mravcová Anna , Gálová Jana , Mikláš Martin
Published: December 2020

In today's highly competitive era, it is becoming increasingly difficult for businesses to attract and keep customers. Modern marketing strategies focused on examining customer behavior, and possibilities of the business sector in influencing them are becoming increasingly beneficial. Consumer neuroscience has great potential here, as it reveals internal consumer preferences by using innovative techniques. Human senses play an important role in affecting these preferences, and smell has the greatest potential to influence customers subconsciously, and thus support the sale of products, keep customers in the store longer, or build a brand. Aroma marketing is the continuously developing field of consumer neuroscience. The paper aims to examine the use of consumer neuroscience in aroma marketing of a service company. After theoretical analysis, we carried out practical research aimed at examining the impact of aroma marketing in a selected service company – Sport Café in Nitra – to increase the sales of a particular product, and its real impact on the economic indicators of this company through the use of consumer neuroscience tools and questionnaire survey. In aromatization, choosing the right aroma is of the utmost importance, therefore in our research, this selection was done in the Laboratory of Consumer Studies at the Faculty of Economics and Management, SUA in Nitra. The research was carried out through conscious and unconscious testing of selected aromas by a randomly chosen sample of customers. Conscious testing included using a questionnaire method and unconscious testing was done using a face-reading device that provides an objective assessment of emotions based on facial expressions. The choice of aroma was followed by testing in real conditions, by diffusing the aroma in the café. Based on the collected data, we confirmed the positive impact of aromatization on coffee sales. In conclusion, we present some recommendations for service companies, focused mainly on cafés, with emphasis on the importance of aromatization for attracting and keeping customers and improving profitability.
Aroma marketing as a tool to increase turnover in a chosen business entity
Authors: Berčí­k Jakub , Virágh Roderik , Kádeková Zdenka , Duchoňová Tatiana
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of aroma marketing describing a few possibilities of using aromatization in practice. Nowadays, many sophisticated tools are used in marketing and consumer behavior, such as sensory marketing and sensory perception. The following is the term of marketing communication and its division into the above-the-line and below-the-line communication, sales promotion, and in-store communication. The paper also focused on the new trends in the place of sale and aroma marketing. The subject of the practical part is the use of the aroma in the food store. An important part consists of a characteristic of the alliance, questionnaire survey, comparison of achieved sales volume and sales before placing the aroma diffuser, and while it was placed in the grocery store. The article aims to find out how the coffee aroma in the store influenced consumer decision-making and stimulated them to impulsive purchase and consequent influence on the company turnover. Concerning the results of our observation and questionnaire survey, we formulate suggestions and recommendations for the business operation and practice. The whole research was made in the grocery store “Môj obchod”.
Addressing Misinformation on Whatsapp in India Through Intermediary Liability Policy, Platform Design Modification, and Media Literacy
Authors: Medeiros Ben , Singh Pawan
Published: December 2020

Through a case study of lynchings in India that are perceived to have been catalyzed by misinformation on WhatsApp, this article explores how policymakers can mitigate social media misinformation without compromising public discourse. We evaluate the costs and benefits of three approaches to managing misinformation: intermediary liability reform, changes to platform design, and public information endeavors addressing user attitudes and behaviors. We find that while current media literacy endeavors seem somewhat misdirected, more locally attuned initiatives might productively address the underlying susceptibility to misinformation while avoiding the free speech compromises that come with stringent liability rules and restrictions on anonymous speech.
Conducting Critical Analysis on International Communication Rights Standards: The Contributions of Graphical Knowledge Modeling
Authors: Landry Normand , Pilote Anne-Marie , Brunelle Anne-Marie
Published: December 2020

Using the computerized application of Modeling using Object Types (MOT) theory, this article examines the normative dimension of official interpretations of a corpus of core “communication rights” (the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the right to privacy, the right to participate in cultural life, and the right to education) enshrined and protected by the International Covenants on Human Rights. This article proposes a methodological contribution whereby the computerized application of knowledge modeling theory promotes the analysis and popularization of international human rights standards. Research findings draw attention to significant conceptual deficiencies included as part of international human rights standards. These deficiencies undermine the applicability of these standards and their relative usefulness in the context of complex sociopolitical issues relating to communication. In addition, this article underscores the need for communication rights studies to further integrate contributions from the field of international human rights law research. It demonstrates that interdisciplinary dialogue can open up new research agendas for communication rights scholars and contribute to a renewed critical analysis of international human rights standards.
Communication Rights for Social Bots?: Options for the Governance of Automated Computer-Generated Online Identities
Authors: Pedrazzi Stefano , Oehmer Franziska
Published: December 2020

Social bots, automated agents operating in social networks, are suspected of influencing online debates, opinion-formation processes and thus, the outcome of elections and votes. They do so by contributing to the dissemination of illegal content and disinformation and by jeopardizing an accurate perception of the relevance and popularity of persons, topics, or positions, through their potentially unlimited communication and networking activities, all under the false pretense of human identity. This paper identifies and discusses preventive and repressive governance options for dealing with social bots on state, organizational, and individual levels respecting the constitutional provisions on free expression and opinion-formation.
Frankenstein e a vanguarda moral. Do império do direito ao domínio do judiciário
Authors: Pinzani Alessandro
Published: December 2020

O artigo tece algumas considerações sobre o chamado constitucionalismo da efetividade ou neoconstitucionalismo, limitando-se, contudo a discutir seus aspetos teóricos, sem analisar casos concretos. Primeiramente são apresentados de forma sucinta os princípios centrais do neoconstitucionalismo, em particular na formulação de Luis Prieto Sanchís; em seguida, são avançadas algumas considerações a partir das observações de alguns dos seus críticos, em particular Juan García Amado. As teses destes dois autores são complementadas com algumas observações do autor e de outros autores, que insistem sobre aspectos relevantes para nossa discussão.
Errata do artigo: "Reinhold: a unidade do pensamento na diversidade dos fundamentos"
Authors: Doispontos Revista
Published: December 2020

Este artigo percorre alguns textos-chave do trajeto filosófico de Karl Leonhard Reinhold com o intuito de mostrar que, embora o autor mude com frequência o delineamento teórico de seus escritos, sempre há uma unidade fixa de pensamento que permanece em todas as etapas reelaboradas, a saber, a busca por uma causa absolutamente primeira e universalmente válida para toda a filosofia, a qual pudesse pôr fim às infrutíferas controvérsias metafísicas daquele momento histórico. Para isso, não hesita em investigar diferentes fontes, ou até mesmo alterar o conteúdo conceitual já empregado por si próprio, mantém-se sempre extremamente fiel a seu interesse maior, mesmo que seja necessário adaptar-se à teoria de quem mais se aproximasse deste projeto.
Um sistema alternativo para a verificação da autenticidade de produtos utilizando criptografia visual
Authors: Cicareli Rodrigo dos Santos , Pizolato Junior José Carlos
Published: December 2020

Fraud and counterfeiting have caused various inconveniences to manufacturers and the product consumer market. To avoid counterfeiting and, therefore, bring a higher level of trust and security in commercial transactions, several authentication techniques for physical products have been proposed. Among the techniques commonly employed, the most popular are QR codes (Quick Response Code), Holographic Seals, and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags. This paper aims to propose an alternative product authentication system that applies the visual cryptography technique (NAOR; SHAMIR, 1995). This system employs two masks that, when overlaid, allow visual authentication by the user, without the need for any computational processing. The use of this authentication system for the need in question has not yet been reported in the literature.
Alteration of babassu biodiesel properties through camphor and biodiesel of tung
Authors: Cordeiro Camila Cassia , Girardi Julio Cezar , Bariccatti Reinaldo Aparecido , Dragunski Douglas Cardoso , Zeni do Amaral Camila
Published: December 2020

Babassu oil is extracted from the babassu palm, one of the most important plants in the north and northeast Brazilian regions, and like many biofuels, it does not have adequate properties to be used as pure fuel, especially under low-temperature conditions. Therefore, researches to improve the physical-chemical properties of these biofuels are needed, one of the most common methods is using additives, usually synthetic ones, which are not environmentally friendly. A good alternative would be to try to found natural compounds with this potential. This paper describes the effects of the addition of two natural compounds, tung biodiesel, and camphor, in the physical properties of babassu biodiesel. These additives were select because of their physical-chemical properties, which can potentially improve the babassu biodiesel ones. They were tested separately, the camphor at the 3, 4, 5, 6 % proportions, and the tung biodiesel at 3, 5, 9, 12 %. The results were compared to biodiesel standards, limited by the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biofuels (ANP), and for both additives, the 3 % proportion showed the best suited to the quality standards established at the Brazilian normative. Thus, was observed that the camphor and the tung biodiesel has the potential to be efficient additives in babassu biodiesel
Políticas de formação dos profissionais não docentes da educação básica no Brasil: uma análise do curso superior de tecnologia em processos escolares
Authors: Nicácio Marcondes De Lima , Araújo José Júlio Cesar Do Nascimento , Oliveira Selma Suely Baçal de
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta a trajetória do curso superior de Tecnologia em Processos Escolares e constrói reflexões sobre sua proposta de desenvolvimento para o contexto escolar e social. Objetiva-se com a produção referenciar historicamente o curso para compreender como vêm se caracterizando e articulando as realidades das escolas e da sociedade. A pesquisa baseia-se em estudo bibliográfico e documental sobre o tema. O texto demonstra, ao descrever os desafios, o pioneirismo deste curso que constitui a primeira experiência de formação superior de profissionais da Educação Básica para atividades não docentes. Nessa perspectiva, a política de formação de nível superior e interdisciplinar deve ser vista como necessária para qualificar os profissionais que atuam e/ou atuarão na escola. Na conclusão, aponta-se o principal desafio para a construção da qualidade social desse curso, que não pode ser vislumbrado sem a visão da totalidade sócio-histórica e econômica da sociedade atual.
Alfabetização, progressão e avaliação: reflexões sobre as aprendizagens da criança
Authors: Silva Magna Do Carmo
Published: December 2020

O trabalho investiga a relação entre avaliação e progressão das aprendizagens acerca da escrita ao final do ciclo de alfabetização. Para isso, discutimos a relação entre alfabetização, organização escolar e progressão, bem como os conhecimentos necessários à consolidação do processo de alfabetização. Apresentamos, ainda, resultados de uma pesquisa que realizou entrevistas com duas docentes do terceiro ano do ciclo de alfabetização, observações de aulas e atividade de escrita (palavras e textos) com as crianças das duas turmas. Essa pesquisa tinha como objetivo investigar a (des)consideração da relação entre os conhecimentos sobre a escrita, avaliação e progressão no final do ciclo de alfabetização. Os resultados indicam metodologias semelhantes e comprometimento das professoras com a aprendizagem das crianças, pois todas agregaram mais conhecimentos sobre a escrita e a produção textual ao final do ano letivo. Por fim, problematizamos os encaminhamentos das escolas com base nas aprendizagens das crianças ao final desse período.
A relação público-privado na educação infantil e a nova gestão pública
Authors: Campos Rosânia , Madeira Janaina Silveira Soares
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho é parte integrante de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre o público e o privado na oferta de vagas na Educação Infantil na maior cidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para esse trabalho, optamos por discutir, de modo mais específico, a ampliação da estratégia de conveniamento e a repercussão desta ampliação no contexto das políticas públicas. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, composta por revisão bibliográfica e por um trabalho de campo realizado via questionários junto a todas as instituições conveniadas e entrevistas semiestruturadas com técnicas da Secretaria Municipal de Educação, a partir dos quais os dados foram construídos. As análises indicam que, embora não seja uma estratégia nova, o conveniamento, após a aprovação da Lei 12.796/2013, que determina a obrigatoriedade da matrícula aos quatro anos, foi ampliado, incluindo as instituições privadas com fins lucrativos, indicando uma “nova gestão pública” (DALE, 2014).
Estigma da mulher transexual e as consequências para o consumo
Authors: Ferreira Míriam De Souza , Pereira Severino Joaquim Nunes
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como o estigma sofrido por mulheres transexuais afeta o consumo das mesmas durante e após a readequação de gênero.Método: Foram empregados como instrumentos de coleta de dados seis observações não participantes e nove entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres transexuais residentes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Como método de análise foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo.Originalidade/Relevância: O presente estudo visa ampliar os estudos interpretativos de consumo em torno das temáticas de gênero, estigma, liminaridade e vulnerabilidade de consumo.Resultados: O estigma moldou práticas de consumo de duas maneiras: ora reforçando estereótipos de gênero, ora por meio de micro resistências de consumo. Além disso, observou-se que essas mulheres precisaram negociar entre os dois universos de consumo (masculino e feminino) devido ao estigma. E, por fim, os resultados também apresentaram evidências de vulnerabilidades de consumo durante a tentativa de redução do estigma.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Esta investigação é relevante uma vez que contribui para a agenda de pesquisas da Consumer Culture Theory (CCT) ao mostrar como os estigmas sociais instituem padrões de consumo e, consequentemente, como identidades de mulheres transexuais foram socialmente construídas, legitimadas e negociadas a partir da existência desses estigmas.Contribuições sociais: Tendo em vista as vulnerabilidades de consumo evidenciadas nesta pesquisa, é possível que o Estado pense políticas públicas que visem gerar condições mais justas e menos precárias de sobrevivência de mulheres transexuais na sociedade.Palavras-chave: Consumo; Estigma; Vulnerabilidade; Consumo Liminar; Transexualidade
Dispersed messianism. Wojciech Wencel’s Epigonia and Polonia Aeterna
Authors: Spólna Anna
Published: December 2020

The article shows forms that neo-romantic messianism takes in Wojciech Wencel’s poetry volumes Epigonia and Polonia aeterna. The Polish nation, understood as a primordial community, is depicted through the prism of national-conservative clichés, taken from freely interpreted Sarmatian literature and Mickiewicz’s romanticism. The hero of Wencel’s poems has a sense of mission as a guide for his compatriots through the traps of late modernity and as a guardian of national memory. The language of this poetry, ostentatiously old-fashioned, serves to sacralize history seen as a continuum of struggle and martyrdom. Both books demonstrate a strongly internalized, martyrological-heroic concept of the messianic calling of Poland – although not expressed as directly as in the preceding volume, De profundis.
Condemned to victory. The novel Star Man by Aleksander Prokhanov
Authors: Syska Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Alexander Prokhanov is one of the most significant figures in the patriotic-conservative circles in Russia. What makes him extraordinary is his versatility – he is a political activist, journalist, media personality and a writer. The idea of special historical destiny of Russia is a constant component of his political views which have a strong mystical background. The novel Star Man is a typical example of the literary expansion of his political concepts by referring to the poetics of myth.
Symbolic and philosophical similarities between Jan Kasprowicz’s and Janis Rainis’ poetry
Authors: Wojciechowski Paweł
Published: December 2020

The text Symbolic and philosophical similarities between Jan Kasprowicz’s and Janis Rainis’ poetry presents the figure of Kasprowicz – a great Polish modernist, and Rainis – a Latvian poet and playwright, a man of the theater, author of numerous works for children and a recognized translator of the works of William Shakespeare, Friedrich Schiller, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, George Gordon Byron, and Aleksander Pushkin. The analysis is directed toward the lyrical work of the Latvian and the Polish poet, emphasizing its symptomatic symbolism and philosophical influences (Blaise Pascal, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Henri Bergson) present in the phenomena of nature and love.
Between relation and creation – about Chinese Maharaja by Wojtek Kurtyka
Authors: Stępień Tomasz
Published: December 2020

The article is an analysis of a text by a well-known Polish mountaineer in the context of „mountain” literature (mountaineering, climbing). It is a specific subcultural literature that sits between non-fiction and autobiographical literature, written by mountaineers for mountaineers and lovers of this specific sport. The text points to the uniqueness of Chinese maharaja within the ranks of typical mountaineering literature (creative narrative, specific worldview, broad audience).
Revolt in Albert Camus’ works
Authors: Błaszczyk Marek
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a critical approach to Buntownik. Ewolucja i kryzys w twórczości Alberta Camusa [The Rebel. Evolution and Crisis in the Works of Albert Camus] by Maciej Kałuża (Kraków 2017). Its goal is, firstly, to present the basic theses described in the dissertation; secondly – to depict them in a broader context of contemporary existential philosophy; thirdly – to encourage the readers to reflect on the issues of revolt in the works by Albert Camus.
Uszkodzenia korozyjne podstaw
żelbetowych słupów 80-letniej hali targowej
Authors: Halicka Anna , Fronczyk Janusz
Published: December 2020

W hali targowej zaprojektowanej i wykonanej w roku 1938 wystąpiły zniszczenia korozyjne żelbetowych słupów. Zlokalizowane były one w strefach oparcia słupów na betonowych stopach fundamentowych posadowionych w warstwie nawodnionych namułów. Zniszczenia słupów polegały na całkowitym ubytku betonu na odcinku około 10–15 cm ponad stopą i wyboczeniu prętów zbrojeniowych pozbawionych otaczającego je betonu. Spowodowało to skrócenie słupów. Znamienna jest równomierność tego zjawiska w całej hali – oprócz trudności w użytkowaniu drzwi nie zauważono żadnych uszkodzeń konstrukcji żelbetowego stropu nad piwnicą.
W artykule przedstawiono sposób naprawy słupów zrealizowanej w roku 1997 i stan wzmocnień po kolejnych 20 latach użytkowania. Zaprezentowano także oryginalną dokumentację projektową omawianej konstrukcji.
Architektura budynku szkolnego.
(Termo) modernizacja szkół 1000-latek
„Zło konieczne” czy druga szansa dla budynku?
Authors: Cinal Weronika , Winnicka-Jasłowska Dorota
Published: December 2020

Starzenie się obiektów architektonicznych wymaga stałego podnoszenia ich jakości technicznej. Działania modernizacyjne i remontowe w budynkach mające na celu poprawę jakości technicznej spowodowane są między innymi zdiagnozowanymi problemami, jak też koniecznością dostosowania ich parametrów do zmian w przepisach legislacyjnych. Istnieje wiele obiektów powstałych w różnych dekadach XX wieku, które wymagają modernizacji, gdyż nie odpowiadają współczesnym potrzebom użytkowym, w tym m.in. parametrom i normom współczynnika przenikania ciepła oraz oszczędności energii. Szansą dla nich są wszelkie działania modernizacyjne podnoszące ich standard i jakość użytkową.
Termomodernizacje to działania polegające na poprawie efektywności energetycznej, czyli na możliwym zredukowaniu strat ciepła generowanych przez budynki. Wykonuje się je zwłaszcza w budynkach, w których komfort termiczny jest szczególnie ważny z uwagi na pełnioną przez nie funkcję. Artykuł przedstawia przykład projektu termomodernizacji budynku szkolnego. Zaprezentowano rozwiązania architektoniczno-budowlane przy wykonywaniu projektu termomodernizacji na przykładzie obiektu szkolnego z lat 60. XX wieku, z naciskiem na aspekt architektoniczny przy tworzeniu projektu zmian elewacyjnych budynku.
Allocating resources in pricing – which capabilities are worth fostering in the face of AI?
Authors: Schmutz Iris , Reinecke Sven , Manole Anne-Marie
Published: December 2020

The field of pricing holds high potential for professionalization since it comprises a multitude of decisions based on sparse information sets, data-driven tasks and an ever more dynamic and fast-moving market environment. Therefore, advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will influence and maybe even disrupt pricing managers’ roles within the pricing process. Using a Delphi study design, we aimed to take a look at future tasks and profiles of pricing managers. The results allowed us to extend existing models of pricing capabilities and classify which skills and know-how pricing managers should nurture and which ones may be left to artificial intelligence. Furthermore, we were able to derive implications for curricula as well as talent selection.
A dynamic perspective on consumers’ price fairness perception: Empirical evidence from the airline industry
Authors: Friesen Mark
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the concept of perceived price fairness and its dynamic alteration along the customer buying cycle. Today, variable pricing is widespread in many service industries. Besides the current sales price, customers are extensively exposed to varying external reference prices (for example, advertised prices). Thus, this pricing practice risks being perceived as unfair at some stage along the purchasing process, and negative consumer reactions cannot be ruled out. However, previous research has adopted a quite static approach, which only offered an incomplete picture of fairness perceptions with a specific service offer. To better capture the dynamics, this study conducted a scenario-based experiment with 459 airline customers encompassing repeated measures. The results provide evidence that the perception of distributive and procedural fairness significantly varies with the exposure to changing external reference prices along the buying cycle. Therefore, marketers should be cautious regarding price variations and advertised prices.