bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ИММУНИТЕТА ДЕПУТАТОВ КАК КОНСТИТУЦИОННО - ПРАВОВОЙ ГАРАНТИИ ИХ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ / SOME ISSUES OF IMMUNITY OF DEPUTIES AS CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEE OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Hovhannisyan Naira
Published: December 2023

Questions regarding the parliamentarian status are among the debatable both in society and in jurisprudence. In particular, such an important element of the status of a parliamentarian as the scope and content of parliamentary immunity causes a sharp controversy.
The Constitution has endowed a number of officials exercising important constitutional functions with immunity, the purpose of which is primarily to guarantee the normal and effective activities of these persons, as well as their protection from unlawful interference with their powers and unjustified prosecution. In particular, the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia establishes a rule according to which, a Deputy may not, during his or her term of powers or thereafter, be prosecuted or held liable for an opinion expressed or voting within the framework of parliamentarian activities.
Criminal prosecution may be initiated against a Deputy only upon the consent of the National Assembly. A Deputy may not be deprived of liberty without the consent of the National Assembly, except for the case of having been caught at the time of committing a criminal offence or immediately thereafter.
An Analysis Of Familiarity Of Undergraduate Students Towards Translation Of Idioms From English Into Urdu
Authors: Mariam Bibi,  , Zafar Nazeer Awan,  , Amir Turkey,  , Fatima Bibi,  , Irfan Ullah
Published: December 2023

Idioms are very difficult to translate especially from a language that is culturally and linguistically quite different from another. As it is obvious that most idioms do not have any direct equivalence into the target language (TL) therefore, the present study aims at investigating the level of familiarity of students towards the translation of idioms from English into Urdu.  To achieve this goal, the researcher has used a translation test based on idioms as a research tool and conducted it on 100 students enrolled in the last 4 semesters of an undergraduate program majoring in English. The translation test consists of the translation of de-contextual idioms (purely idioms) and contextual idioms (used within context). The idioms were chosen according to the types of idioms presented by Fernando (1996) as literal idioms, semi-idioms and pure idioms. The findings of the study reveal that the level of students’ familiarity regarding the translation of idioms is lower in the translation of de-contextual idioms than in the contextual translation of idioms. De-contextual idioms were quite difficult for them to translate. It has shown the difficulties like inability to find equivalents in the target language, the cultural gap between source language (SL) and target language (TL), few understanding due to figurative meaning of idioms, lack of knowledge about idioms and no suggestiveness while translating de-contextual idioms. Moreover, the literal idioms were quite easily translated however, semi-idioms and pure idioms became more difficult to translate due to the increasing level of opacity.
Rule of Law Eroded
Authors: Teruel Lozano Germán M.
Published: December 2023

Spain is going through turbulent times, marked by a strong political polarization and an increasingly evident decline in the rule of law due to the partisan takeover of institutions. This situation has been exacerbated by President Sánchez's investiture agreements with pro-independence parties, particularly Junts, led by the fugitive Puigdemont, who spearheaded the Catalan secessionist insurrection in the autumn of 2017. The bill grants amnesty for crimes committed in connection with secessionist efforts, including, among others, misappropriation of public funds, prevarication, and attacks against authority. The amnesty, as it currently stands, violates both the Spanish Constitution and basic tenets of the rule of law.
الروابط الأخوية وأثرها في الحياة الاجتماعية في ضوء القرآن الكريم.
Authors: رقية ذاكر تركي  , أ. د. محمد الترك
Published: December 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعريف بموضوع الروابط الأخوية، وبيان الآيات التي تضمنتها الأخوه في القرآن الكريم، وقد اتبعت في ذلك دراسة تحليلية موضوعية وذلك من خلال جمع الآيات المتعلقة بالأخوة، وأقوال أئمة المفسرين من خلال أمّات كتب التفسير المتنوعة، واقتضت الدراسة تقسيمها إلى: مقدمة وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة.
ففي الفصل الأول تم تناول مفهوم الروابط الأخوية، وفي الفصل الثاني تم تناول أهمية الأخوة وعوائقها، أما الفصل الثالث فتكلمنا عن الأخلاق والروابط الأخوية الاجتماعية، وأخيراً الخاتمة والنتائج التي تم التوصل إليها، وهذه الدراسة تربط بين كتب اللغة التي لها علاقة بألفاظ البحث ومصطلحاته وبين أمّات كتب التفسير لأئمة المفسرين رحمهم الله تعالى.
النشاط العلمي في عهد السلطان المملوكي الظاهر بيبرس (659_676ه/1260‍_1277م)
Authors: محمود احمد علي الجبوري  , د. مصطفى عثمان الأيوبي
Published: December 2023

هذه الدراسة البحثية تهدف إلى استقصاء النشاط العلمي والتطور العمراني في عهد السلطان المملوكي الظاهر بيبرس، الذي حكم بين الأعوام 1260 و1277م. تقوم الدراسة على تحليل ثلاث فرضيات رئيسية: الأولى تناقش الدور البارز الذي لعبه بيبرس في تشجيع العلوم الدينية وإنشاء المدارس والمساجد، بينما تتناول الثانية التطور العلمي الذي شهده عهده، وتركز الثالثة على النمو العمراني الذي شهدته الدولة في ذلك الزمان.
تتبع الدراسة منهجية تاريخية وصفية تحليلية، تقوم بتحليل الظواهر التاريخية واستخلاص النتائج لتعميمها، مع التركيز على الفترة الزمنية ما بين 1260م و1277م والمنطقة المكانية التي شملت مصر وبلاد الشام.
تتوقع الدراسة بعض الصعوبات المتعلقة بتباين المرويات التاريخية والتحدي في الحصول على مصادر دقيقة ووافية. تتألف الرسالة من مقدمة وأربعة فصول رئيسية تتناول حياة السلطان بيبرس وأوضاع الدولة في عهده، بالإضافة إلى التركيز على جهوده العلمية والعمرانية في مصر وبلاد الشام والحجاز.
تهدف الدراسة إلى تقديم نظرة شاملة ومتكاملة على النشاط العلمي والعمراني في عهد السلطان الظاهر بيبرس، مما يسهم في إغناء البحث التاريخي حول هذه الفترة الزمنية الهامة في التاريخ الإسلامي. تتناول الدراسة بشكل متعمق جهود بيبرس في تطوير العلوم النقلية والعقلية، وإنشاء المكتبات، وتوسيع الحلقات العلمية التي جذبت طلبة العلم من مختلف البلدان الإسلامية، مما يبرز الدور الكبير الذي لعبه في تعزيز الحركة العلمية والثقافية في ذلك العصر.
واقع عمل فريق متعدد التخصصات مع الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية من وجهة نظر معلميهم
Authors: أ. سمير عبدالعزيز عطيه الطويرقي  , د. عبد الحميد حسن طلافحه
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على واقع عمل فريق متعدد التخصصات مع الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية من وجهة نظر معلميهم، وقد استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم تصميم استبانة طبقت على عينة مكونة من (84) معلم في إدارة التعليم بمكة المكرمة. وقد أشارت النتائج إلى مستوى متوسط لواقع عمل فريق متعدد التخصصات، كما أشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا لواقع عمل فريق متعدد التخصصات تعزى للمتغيرات (المؤهل العلمي، التخصص، المرحلة التعليمية) في جميع الأبعاد والدرجة الكلية. وعدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا تعزى لمتغير عدد سنوات الخبرة ما عدا بُعد (الخطة التربوية الفردية) ولصالح (5 الى 10 سنوات)، الأنشطة اللاصفية ولصالح (11 سنة فأكثر)، الدرجة الكلية ولصالح (5 الى 10 سنوات). بينما توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا لمتغير الدورات التدريبية وورش العمل في الأبعاد (الخطة التربوية الفردية، البيئة المدرسية، الدرجة الكلية ولصالح (لا يوجد)، والأنشطة اللاصفية ولصالح (1-3).
أثر استخدام استراتيجية KUD في تنمية التفكير التباعدي تجاه مادة الكيمياء(دراسة تجريبية على عينة من متعلمي الصف الخامس العلمي في إعدادية خانكي المختلطة)
Authors: رائد حروش ابراهيم  , د. نسرين مرعب  , د. سامر البيضا
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر استخدام استراتيجية KUD في تنمية التفكير التباعدي في مادة الكيمياء. ولتحقيق أهدافها، تم اعتماد المنهج شبه التجريبي، وقد جرى اختيار العينة بطريقة عشوائية وشملت (69) متعلماً ومتعلمة من متعلمي الصف الخامس العلمي في إعدادية خانكي المختلطة.
تمثلت أدوات الدراسة باختبار للتفكير التباعدي للصف الخامس العلمي، من أجل التعرف على أثر استخدام استراتيجية KUD.
توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج الآتية:

وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات متعلمي المجموعة التجريبية بين التطبيقين القبلي والبعدي في اختبار التفكير التباعدي، لصالح التطبيق البعدي.
وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات طلبة المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في التطبيق البعدي المباشر على اختبار التفكير التباعدي، لمصلحة متعلمي المجموعة التجريبية.
عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية على اختبار التفكير التباعدي تبعاً لمتغير الجنس.

وفي ضوء هذه النتائج قدمت الدراسة عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات.
القيم الاجتماعية في مجتمع المدينة في ضوء القرآن الكريم (سورة التوبة)انموذجاً
Authors: مشتاق إسماعيل أحمد  , أ.د. يوسف المرعشلي
Published: December 2023

تعد القيم الاجتماعية من المواضيع العالمية لارتباطها بالبناء الاجتماعي والحياة الإنسانية الخاضعة لمظاهر التغير بمختلف أشكاله. و قد فتحت هذه المسألة العامة مجالا واسعا بغية تأصيله وإزالة اللبس والغموض عنه عند العلماء رغم تداخل الآراء والاتجاهات فيما بينهم، حيث أفرزت هذه المجهودات كما معرفيا وتراثا نظريا ساعدنا لتناول موضوع عنوانه القيم الاجتماعية في مجتمع المدينة  في ضوء القرآن الكريم" سورة التوبة انموذجاً، وذلك لمعرفة طبيعة التغيرات الاجتماعية والثقافية التي وقعت على كل من مفهوم القيم الاجتماعية في المدن وكيفية التعامل معها. كما تعد المدينة مجالا خصبا لطرح المواضيع القابلة للتغير بشكل سريع ودائم، وقد حاولنا التركيز في هذه الدراسة على أهم النقاط التي تجدر الإحاطة بها، وذلك بالتركيز خاصة على ربط كل من مفهوم القيم الاجتماعية بالقرآن الكريم  ليتشكل موضوعا جديدا قابلا للبحث والتفصيل  ومن هنا تبرز لنا الأهمية الملحة للموضوع في الكشف عن طبيعة القيم الاجتماعية في الوسط الحضري الذي يحظى بتنوع في القيم الاجتماعية بشكل دائم ومستمر، وقد كان الهدف الأساسي للدراسة هو معرفة مدى محافظة المجتمع على قيمه وعاداته الاجتماعية في ظل موجة التغير الاجتماعي والثقافي وذلك بالتركيز على دور الأسرة باعتبار أنها من أهم المؤسسات الاجتماعية التي تقوم بعملية التنشئة الاجتماعية والتربية الدينية والخلقية.
دور استراتيجية المندوب المتنقل في دافعية الإنجاز والكفاءة لمتعلمي المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: د. محمد العبد الله  , ميثم عبد المهدي
Published: December 2023

كان الغرض من الدراسة هو تحديد مدى تأثير استراتيجية المندوب المتنقل على طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية في مدرسة الرسول الثانوية للبنين ، بالإضافة إلى تحديد درجة العلاقات بين الكفاءات في أبعادها المختلفة (الكفاءة الاجتماعية). ، الكفاءة البدنية ، الكفاءة الأكاديمية ، كفاءة الألعاب البدنية ، الجاذبية العاطفية ، الكفاءة في السلوك ، التقدير الذاتي الكلي) وبين المجموعات التجريبية ، والضابطة ، والاختبار البعدي كلها استخدمت التصميم التجريبي مع التحكم الجزئي. تم اختيار القسمين (أ) و (ب) اللذين يمثلان المجموعة الضابطة والمنهج التقليدي على التوالي من قبل الباحث عشوائياً لتمثيل المجموعة التجريبية الأولى واستراتيجية المندوب المتنقل على التوالي. تكونت العينة من تلاميذ المرحلة المتوسطة من مدرسة الرسول الثانوية للبنين بمنطقة بيسان. دعمت نتائج الدراسة حقيقة أن هذا التكتيك الجديد تم استخدامه إلى حد ما لكنه لم يقدم أي معلومات جديدة. من حيث وظيفتها وتأثيرها على الكفاءة الذاتية ودوافع الإنجاز ، فقد كشفت عن معلومات أكثر مما كان متوقعًا.
واقع التعليم الثانوي الرسمي في ظل الأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية في لبنان وأثرها على الأساتذة ( ثانويات محافظة عكار أنموذجا ).
Authors: وصفيّة أحمد ملحم  , د. موسى خليل حنّا
Published: December 2023

هدفت هذه الدّراسةُ إلى التّعرُّفِ على واقع التعليم الثانوي الرسمي في ظل الأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية وتأثيرها على الأساتذة  في محافظة عكار، والتّعرُّف على درجةِ تأثيرِ مُتغيّرات الجنس والعمر وعدد الأولاد والتعلم عن بعد وأزمة كورونا على التعليم الثانوي الرسمي.
استعملت الطالبة المنهجَ الوصفي، وتكوَّنَتْ عَيّنة الدّراسة من(300) أستاذ وأستاذة في( 7)  ثانويات الرسمية في نطاق جغرافي وديموغرافي متنّوع على محافظة عكار، أي بنسبة(100%) من أفراد مجتمع الدّراسة الأصلي، واعتمدت الإستبانة المكوَّنة من(27) فقرة ومقسَّمة على محورين(الوضع الإقتصادي – الوضع الإجتماعي للأساتذة) ، واستخدمت برنامج(SPSS) لمعالجة البيانات، وأظهرت النّتائج ما يلي:
  - إن أغلب الأساتذة في ثانويات عكار تأثروا  بالأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية.
-هناك تأثير كبير للأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية الأمر الذي أدّى إلى هجرة بعض أساتذة ثانويات عكار.
- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية حول تأثر الواقع التعليمي في ثانويات عكار في ظلّ الأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية عند مستوى الدلالة 0.05 تعزى لمتغير الجنس.
- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية حول تأثر الواقع التعليمي في ثانويات عكار في ظلّ الأزمة الإقتصادية والإجتماعية عند مستوى الدلالة 0.05 تُعزى لمتغيّر العمر.
وإنتهت الدّراسة بتقديم عدّة توصيات ومُقترَحات في ضوءِ نتائجِ الدّراسة المُستخلَصة.
إسهامات عــلماء نيسابور فـي عـلوم الحديث والفقه
Authors: عمار سرحان خلف شلاش  , د. جومانة ديب بغدادي
Published: December 2023

إن الحياة العلمية من أهم فروع الدراسات التاريخية والفكرية والحضارية، فهي تبرز النشاط العلمي والفكري في التراث الإسلامي.
  مدينة نيسابور واحدة من أشهر مدن العالم الإسلامي الواقعة في بلاد خراسان، وإحدى الحواضر الإسلامية العريقة في التاريخ والحضارة، والعلم والدراسة، والثقافة والفكر، وذلك على مدى ستة قرون كاملة، إذ كانت نيسابور عاصمة لمقاطعة خراسان قديمًا، وتعد من أشهر مراكز الثقافة والتجارة والعمران، وهي من أهم وأبرز مراكز العلم من بين مدن خراسان، إذ إنها وصِفت بأنها مدينة العلم ومعقل من معاقل أشهر علماء الإسلام؛ لأنها تميزت عن غيرها من مدن خراسان بالنشاط العلمي والفكري والحضاري بفضل الجهود الكبيرة لحكامها وعلمائها الذين كان لهم الأثر الواضح في تكوين تاريخها وأصبحت أيضًا من أهم المدن سياسيًا واقتصاديًا فضلاً عن أنّها علميًا ندًا قويًا لأشهر المدن الإسلامية في المشرق والمغرب.
وُيعدّ الحافظ ابن عساكر من أبرز المؤرخين الذين كان لهم الأثر في التأليف التاريخي للمدن، فقد نال شهرة واسعة لعلميته وللمصنفات التاريخية الكبيرة التي قدّمها للمكتبات والتي يأتي في مقدمتها (تاريخ دمشق) الذي عُدّ أكبر مؤلفات التراجم التي أُلفت في التاريخ، إذ تميز هذا الكتاب بالشمول والتفصيل؛ لأنه ضمّ المحدّثين والفقهاء والقرّاء والمؤرخين والأدباء وعلماء اللغة وغيرهم، فضلًا عن كون هذا الكتاب بحرًا يجد كل دارس ما يبتغي فيه فيغرف منه العلم الكثير.
  كان المنهج التاريخي الوصفي التحليلي هو المُتّبع في هذه الدراسة وذلك باستقراء المادة العلمية والتاريخية لمدينة نيسابور من بطون الكتب المختلفة، ودراسة علمائها من خلال كتاب (تاريخ دمشق) لابن عساكر وجمع تراجمهم وتنظيمها وتحليل ما دوّنه ابن عساكر في كتابه من هذه التراجم والروايات التاريخية، وذلك باللجوء إلى المصادر الأخرى إن استوجب الأمر، وجمع تراجم علماء نيسابور الذين ورد ذكرهم في كتابه .
  ساهمت مدينة نيسابور بدور كبير في النشاط الفكري والعلمي، بوصفها أحد معاقل العلماء، إذ نبغ منها العديد من العلماء، فضلا عن الرحلات العلمية إليها ومنها، وكتاب (تاريخ دمشق) أبرز الكتب والمصنفات في تاريخ المدن، فقد احتوى على تراجم لكثير من العلماء على اختلاف الجنسيات والاختصاصات، فقد ذكر علماء نيسابور ودورهم البارز وإنجازاتهم، وإنّ من أهم فروع الدراسات التاريخية والحضارية هي دراسة الحياة العلمية عند المسلمين، إذ إنها تهتم بإبراز النشاط العلمي والفكري للتراث الإسلامي، فينبغي الاهتمام بهكذا دراسات والتشجيع عليها.
واقع استخدام استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان من وجهة نظر معلمي العلوم (المرحلة الابتدائية في مدارس محافظة ميسان أنموذجاً )
Authors: مسلم سكر بلاسم  , أ.د حليم أسمر
Published: December 2023

سعت الدراسة للتعرف على مدى استخدام استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان في المرحلة الابتدائية من وجهة نظر معلمي العلوم, والتعرف على الفروق بين متوسط تقديرات استخدام استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان بحسب متغيرات ( المؤهل العلمي – الجنس - سنوات الخبرة ), حيث ان الباحث استخدم المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي واستخدم الاستبانة كأداة أساسية حيث تكونت من(36) فقرة مقسمة على ثلاثة محاور, تكونت عينة الدراسة من (143) معلماً ومعلمة, وبعد استخدام برنامج (SPSS) كوسيلة إحصائية مناسبة تبينت النتائج:
1 - ارتفاع استخدام استراتيجية التعلّم للإتقان في المرحلة الابتدائية.
2 - توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط إجابات العينة ولصالح الذكور.
3 - وجود فروق معنوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط إجابات العينة مؤيدة لسنوات الخبرة أكثر من ( 10 ) سنوات في واقع استخدام استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان.
4 - وجود فروق معنوية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط إجابات العينة ولصالح المؤهل العلمي(ماجستير فأكثر) في واقع استخدام استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان.
Diabetic Retinopathy in Underserved Communities: The SoloKiko Program
Authors: Martel Melanie , Doustmohammadi Dina , Niu Ashley , Ong Lauren , Wang Michael , Pathak Akash , Ko Raymond , Connor Cortney , Smith Joseph , Martel Matthew , Golas Liliya , Martel Joseph
Published: December 2023

Despite major improvements in detection and treatment, diabetic retinopathy is a sight threatening disease which affects underserved communities disproportionately. Minority populations are particularly vulnerable to complications of diabetes, which can be prevented with early lifestyle changes. Oftentimes, there are also cultural and linguistic barriers that delay health-related diagnoses and treatment. This makes sufficient medical education of patients and healthcare providers a potentially effective solution. The SoloKiko program addresses these issues through a culturally competent and sensitive medical educational system about poor lifestyle choices and their outcomes. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the SoloKiko symposia in educating healthcare providers and community members about DR. No children or members of vulnerable populations were included in the survey. There were 289 adult respondents across four symposia, of whom 47.1% were healthcare providers, and 52.9% were community members. Of the healthcare providers and community members, 80.15% and 62.09% identified as bilingual respectively. These symposia resulted in improvements in the general understanding of DR and its treatment of 94.77% of healthcare providers as compared to 99.35% of community members. The symposia resulted in improved understanding of the importanceofaddressinghealthcarebarriersin94.12%ofhealthcareprofessionalsand96.73%of communitymembers. The symposia were equally effective for both bilingual and monolingual members of both groups. Of the six core components of the SoloKiko educational platform, teaching with the language and cultural needs, the use of pictures and storytelling to bridge cultural and linguistic barriers, and using connections with the family experiences appeared most important to both community members and healthcare providers that were either bilingual or monolingual. These are principles that can be used to bridge healthcare interactions between healthcare providers and community members to improve health outcomes.
A Virtual Pilot of a Multispecialty Group Mentoring Program for Underrepresented in Medicine (URiM) Trainees and Faculty
Authors: Ruiz Jenny , Baner Natali , L. Anderson Hanna , Chadehumbe Madeline , Khalek Nahla
Published: December 2023

Background: Underrepresented in medicine (URiM) trainees and faculty often face limited mentorship and an increased sense of isolation in academic medicine. The objective of this pilot study was to determine if transitioning the Mentoring in Inclusion and Diversity program, a group mentoring model for URiM physicians spanning career levels and specialties, from an in-person to a virtual format during the COVID-19 pandemic was feasible and acceptable. Methods: MIND involves mentoring within multispecialty “families” composed of URiM medical students, residents, fellows, and faculty. A series of workshops comprises the formal program, which in 2020, transitioned to a virtual format. We applied the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) evaluation model for continuous improvement of workshops. Through surveys, we elicited participants’ perceptions of engagement and helpfulness for each workshop, general feedback, and suggestions for improvement. Survey responses were analyzed descriptively, and open-ended comments were content-analyzed. Results: For the 2020-2021 academic year, the authors grouped 111 participants across 10 families and organized 6 virtual workshops on the following topics: How to be a Mentor, Meeting your MIND Family, Imposter Syndrome, Microaggressions, two Career Mentor Spotlights, and a book club. The CIPP model facilitated iterative improvements. Participants viewed workshops, on average, as being helpful (87%) and engaging (88%). Participants reported enjoyment of small groups, connecting with other URiM physicians, and desire for increased time for family discussions. Conclusions: The MIND group mentoring model was feasible and acceptable in a virtual format.
An improved Bulgarian natural language processing pipeline
Authors: Berbatova Melania , Ivanov Filip
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we present a language pipeline for processing Bulgarian language data. The pipeline consists of the following steps: tokenization, sentence splitting, part-of-speech tagging, dependency parsing, named entity recognition, lemmatization, and word sense disambiguation. The first two components are based on rules and lists of words specific to the Bulgarian language, while the rest of the components use machine learning algorithms trained on universal dependency data and pretrained word vectors. The pipeline is implemented in the Python library spaCy (https://spacy.io/) and achieves significant results on all the included subtasks. The pipeline is open source and is available on Github (https://github.com/melaniab/spacy-pipeline-bg/) for use by researchers and developers for a variety of natural language processing and text analysis tasks.
FENDL Library for Fusion Neutronics Calculations
Authors: Leichtle Dieter , Trkov Andrej
Published: December 2023

The status of the FENDL-3.1 library was reviewed in view of the recommendations from the previous meeting in 2018. It was decided to adopt the IAEA INDEN evaluation for 56Fe and a modified 16O evaluation provided by QST and JAEA, Japan. The Activation library will be adopted from TENDL-2017, except for evaluations that are included in the IRDFF-II library; for incident charged particles, preference will be given to the evaluations in the medical isotope cross section library. With the proposed changes the library FENDL-3.2 for fusion neutronics calculations will be released from the IAEA.
Evolving Visions: A Comprehensive Review of Contemporary and Emerging Technologies in Anterior Segment Imaging
Authors: Bhat Leena , KTRT Vedasalam Sakthikumar , Dewji Mohamed , Mrema Yvonne
Published: December 2023

Background: The anterior segment of the eye, which includes the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens, has always been critical for vision. Over the years, imaging of this segment has significantly evolved, with the development of various modalities to aid in the diagnosis and management of ocular conditions. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of these contemporary imaging modalities.
Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted, focusing on the technical aspects and clinical applications of various imaging modalities, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), Scheimpflug imaging, corneal topography and tomography, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), specular microscopy, and anterior segment photography and videography.
Results: Each imaging modality offers unique advantages and has specific applications in diagnosing and managing various ocular conditions. Emerging technologies, such as intense pulse light (IPL), contoured prism spectacle lenses, smartphone-based imaging, artificial intelligence (AI), and adaptive optics show promise in revolutionizing anterior segment imaging.
Conclusion: The advancements in anterior segment imaging have significantly improved our ability to diagnose and manage ocular conditions. These technologies offer practical implications in improving patient outcomes, enhancing clinical efficiency, and opening new avenues for research. As we continue to refine these technologies and develop new ones, we can expect to see further improvements in patient care.
Manejo de diferentes densidades populacionais e profundidades de plantio de Brachiaria brizantha Hochst Stapf na integração lavoura-pecuária
Authors: Braga João Paulo de Lima , Morais Raphael Bertanha Souto de , Victoria Filho Ricardo
Published: December 2023

A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de verificar a competição intra e interespecífica entre a soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr 1917) e braquiária [Brachiaria brizantha (A. Hich.) Stapf 1918] no sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária, fixando-se o stand de soja e variando-se a braquiária em 05 e 10 plantas/m2 e 05 e 10 cm de profundidade. Analisou-se a biomassa seca das raízes, caules e folhas da soja e das raízes e folhas da braquiária. Conclui-se que houve competição interespecífica entre soja e braquiária, competição intra-específica entre a braquiária e que o plantio mais profundo da braquiária permitiu maior desenvolvimento inicial para a soja nos tratamentos com maior população da braquiária.
Caracterização de fragmentos florestais no campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras, MG
Authors: Araújo Felipe de Carvalho , Coelho Polyanne Aparecida , Santos Rubens Manoel dos , Mariano Ravi Fernandes , Moura Aloysio Souza de , Paula Eduardo de Paiva , Bragion Evelyn da Fonseca Alecrim , Santos Paola Ferreira , Ambrósio Rafaela Vidal , Gaya Thomaz , Souza Cléber Rodrigo de
Published: December 2023

A fragmentação florestal afeta a biodiversidade modificando a composição e funcionalidade dos fragmentos em relação a áreas sem tal distúrbio. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a vegetação arbórea de fragmentos florestais presentes no campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras, imersos em diferentes matrizes e com diferentes graus de antropização. Foram identificadas sete áreas com predomínio de cobertura arbórea, com diferentes históricos de uso. No total, foram encontradas 275 espécies, sendo 21 espécies exóticas presentes em todas as áreas. A zoocoria foi a síndrome de dispersão mais representativa em todas as áreas. A maioria das espécies enquadram-se nas categorias frequente, comum, ocasional ou abundante, segundo os critérios para Classificação do Status de Conservação da Flora. As áreas estudadas, apesar do histórico de antropização, possuem importantes exemplares da flora nativa, sendo também importantes como corredores ecológicos em uma matriz intensamente antropizada.
Uso e cobertura do terreno entre 1991 e 2011 para o Parque Estadual do Rio Preto e Zona de Amortecimento, Minas Gerais
Authors: Morais Marcelino Santos de , Gontijo Bernardo Machado , Mucida Danielle Piuzana , França Luciano Cavalcante de Jesus
Published: December 2023

Esta pesquisa tem como foco o Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, situado no Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. Objetivou analisar a evolução temporal do uso e ocupação do terreno na área do parque e em sua zona de amortecimento, entre os anos de 1991 e 2011. A metodologia abarcou revisão bibliográfica, o reconhecimento de campo da área do parque e entorno e a confecção de 6 mapas de uso e ocupação entre 1991 e 2011 pelo software Multispec a partir de imagens LANDSAT 5TM, bandas R5G4B3. As classes de paisagem vinculadas à fitofisionomias nativas predominantes na região foram: Formação Savânica/Florestal Associada; Formação Campestre, Afloramento Rochoso. A classe caracterizada por ação antrópica foi denominada Solo Exposto. Esta, mesmo antes da criação do parque, em 1994, era representada por menos de 1% da área total do parque. No parque há nítida predominância, para os anos analisados, da Formação Campestre seguida por Formação Savânica/Florestal Associada, Afloramento rochoso e Solo Exposto. Na Zona de Amortecimento há alternância entre Formação Campestre e Formação Savânica/Florestal Associada, mais abrangentes, e Afloramentos Rochosos e Solo Exposto mais restritos. Os resultados obtidos não condizem com informações do Plano de Manejo do parque, o qual afirma que atividades de cunho tradicional foram determinantes para a perda da qualidade ambiental no território.
Estudo da percepção ambiental sobre recursos hídricos na Universidade Federal de Alfenas – campus avançado de Poços de Caldas/MG
Authors: Tavares Raíssa , Imperador Adriana Maria
Published: December 2023

Diante da importância de temas relacionados à Educação Ambiental, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a Percepção Ambiental dos discentes e docentes da Universidade Federal de Alfenas, no Campus Avançado de Poços de Caldas, especificamente em relação aos recursos hídricos. A metodologia de avaliação utilizada contou com a aplicação de um questionário com questões fechadas e a seleção dos entrevistados foi realizada através de uma amostragem probabilística estratificada do universo de estudo. Os resultados obtidos entre discentes e docentes permitiram observar que o perfil da universidade reconhece a importância da temática dos recursos hídricos e concorda que a interdisciplinaridade é a principal ferramenta para trabalhar com essa questão no ambiente acadêmico.
Funções ambientais e valoração econômica de áreas protegidas – estudo de caso no Parque Municipal da Serra de São Domingos, Poços de Caldas-MG
Authors: Rigino Bruno Martinez , Souza Antonio Donizetti Gonçalves de
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho teve como objetivos identificar as principais funções ambientais do Parque Municipal da Serra de São Domingos (PMMSD) localizado no município de Poços de Caldas (MG) e propor métodos de valoração econômica desta unidade de conservação. O levantamento e identificação das funções ambientais foram realizados através da análise do plano de manejo já elaborado e visitas a campo. As funções foram identificadas e agrupadas em uma matriz segundo um gradiente de importância. A partir da matriz foram selecionadas as três funções que obtiveram a maiores notas na avaliação e propostos métodos de valoração econômica que podem ser aplicados ao PMSSD. As três principais funções identificadas para o parque foram Regulação (regulação de escoamento superficial e controle de inundação), Suporte (recreação e turismo) e Produção (água para abastecimento, irrigação, uso industrial etc). As funções identificadas e os métodos de valoração discutidos podem subsidiar ações e medidas de gerenciamento ambiental da unidade de conservação.
Literacy Study on Governance, Risk and Compliance (GCR) and Performance
Authors: Maf'ul Taufiq
Published: December 2023

In this research explains and explains how  the impact of the implementation of Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GCR) and its impact on company performance, researchers conduct theoretical studies and previous literature studies where the theory used is Agency Theory which concerns the occurrence of information asymmetry and through Stakeholder Theory which explains how the relationship between the company and stakeholders.  Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) information  shown to company stakeholders. where the theory used will help in explaining how the impact of implementing  Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC)  can improve company performance. This study will also examine previous research that provides an overview of the Implementation of Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) and its impact on company performance. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by conducting theoretical studies and literature studies by conducting literature studies and collecting journals through websites and the internet. The research methodology used is purely through the analysis of existing literature and theoretical studies related to the topics discussed in the research, then researchers discuss and provide an overview of conclusions through theoretical analysis and research results that support to obtain good theoretical research results related to the themes discussed in the research. Through the results of theoretical studies and literature studies, results were found with conclusions The implementation of companies that apply the concept of Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) in an integrated manner, and in accordance with the provisions and systematically in a sustainable manner will increase coordination power in each line of the company and create efficiency in company management which will have an impact on company performance.
Inteligência artificial, paz e segurança: desafios para o Direito Internacional Humanitário
Authors: Garcia Eugênio
Published: December 2023

Tendo como pano de fundo o impacto estratégico da inteligência artificial nas relações internacionais, o artigo analisa a questão dos sistemas de armas autônomas letais, que no futuro poderiam, se de fato desenvolvidos, executar missões de modo autônomo, selecionar alvos e fazer uso da força sem intervenção humana. São apresentados argumentos a favor e contra o desenvolvimento de tais sistemas, discutidos da perspectiva do Direito Internacional Humanitário (DIH), em especial seus princípios básicos e o Protocolo de Genebra I. Aborda-se também o debate atual sobre as armas autônomas no âmbito da Convenção sobre Certas Armas Convencionais (CCAC), que estabeleceu um Grupo de Peritos Governamentais para tratar do assunto, em Genebra, bem como os possíveis cenários diplomáticos que poderiam resultar dessas discussões. Palavras-chave: inteligência artificial, sistemas de armas autônomas letais, Direito Internacional Humanitário, Convenção sobre Certas Armas Convencionais.
Crime organizado transnacional: Convenção de Palermo e a contribuição brasileira
Authors: Poletto Ricardo
Published: December 2023

A Convenção das Nações Unidas contra o Crime Organizado Transnacional (UNTOC), também referida como Convenção de Palermo, constitui o principal instrumento multilateral pertinente ao enfrentamento aos ilícitos transnacionais. O presente artigo pretende refletir sobre suas origens, limites e contribuição, por meio de releitura de sua trajetória como construção política necessária para lidar com desafios emergentes da agenda global. A narrativa do nascimento de uma convenção das Nações Unidas contribui para demonstrar a complexidade do processo de negociação em suas distintas fases, inclusive seus espasmos de ceticismo, inércia e entusiasmo. Destacar Palermo e os elementos da contribuição brasileira, tanto em sua concepção quanto em seu aprimoramento, apresenta-se instrumental diante da renovada percepção da prevenção e combate ao crime organizado transnacional como tema inescapável da agenda contemporânea. Palavras-chave: segurança, crime organizado transnacional, política externa brasileira.
Piezoelectric Actuators Placement Using Genetic Algorithm and Active Vibration Control of Smart Plane Frame Structure
Authors: Raja S. , Balasubramaniam R.
Published: December 2023

A Genetic Algorithm-based optimisation scheme is presented to find the optimum actuator elements infinite element analysis for active vibration control applications. The dynamic strain data is used to reduce the size of search domain for the actuators placement problem. A modal velocity, feedback control is employed to estimate the active damping of piezoelectric actuators. The structural damping index is taken as a fitness function; which directly reflects the status of active damping effect for a given piezoelectric actuator set. Modal preference is attempted by assigning a different weighting factor in the fitness function for desired modes to have better controllability. As an illustration, a 20-member smart plane frame is modeled with d3I based extension-bending piezoelectric actuators using 2-D piezoelectric Timoshenko beam element. It is shown that the vibration of first four elastic modes is actively controlled with optimally, selected four piezoelectric actuators.
Strain Sensing using Fiber-Optic Interferometry
Authors: Rao P.C.S. Sarveswara , Kiran Kumar T. , Venkatraman Kartik , Murthy C.R.L.
Published: December 2023

A surface mounted interferometric strain sensor is experimentally studied for its strain sensing characteristics. Its sensitivity to environmental mechanical disturbances such as vibration is also discussed.
A High Watermark in Indian Missie Program
Authors: . Prahlada
Published: December 2023

Development of tactical guided missiles is a very challenging task. There are many elements on ground for acquiring and tracking targets while there are equally complex subsystems onboard the missile. This paper brings out some of the critical issues solved by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in case of three missile systems - TRISHUL, AKASH and NAG. Recently aLl these missiles have recorded excellent results in meeting all design requirements ending w ith s ucces sful tar get inte rcepts.
Important Events in World Aviation in the Last 10 Decades
Authors: Badrinaravan K.
Published: December 2023

No Abstract
Parametric Instability of Stiffened Plates with Cutouts
Authors: Srivastava A.K.L. , Datta P.K. , Sheikh A.H.
Published: December 2023

The dynamic instability behaviour of stffined plates with cutout is of great technical importance for understanding the behaviour of the system. In the present study, dynamic instability behaviour of stffined plates with cutouts are investigated by using theJinite element method. The method of Hill's infinite determinants is applied to analyze the dymmic instability regions. Rectangular stilfened plates with cutouts possessing diferent boundary conditions, aspect ralios, varying mass and stffiess properties and varying number of stiffeners have been analyzed for dynamic instability. The influence of various parameters like effects of size of cutout, load position, aspect ratios, and boundary condition, other paramelers of stffined plates have been studied. The method highlights interesting effects when stffined plate with cutout is subjected to uniftrm in-plane edge load. In the structural modelling, the plate and the stffiner are treated as separate elements where the compatibility between these two types of elements are maintained. The present approach is moreflexible than any otherJinite element modelling in that the mesh division is independent of the location of the stiffeners.
Dynamic Stability of Simply Supported Tapered Beam with Thermal Gradient by Finite Element Method
Authors: Mohanty S.C. , Kavi N.
Published: December 2023

Effect ofthermal gradient on the naturalfrequency, buckling load and dynamic stability ofa simply supported tapered beam under a pulsating axial load is investigaled by Jinite element method. A linear variation of the Young's modulus of the beam material, due to a sleady one-dimensional thermal gradient is assumed. It is observed that the naturalfrequency and the buckling load ofthe beam decrease with increase in thermal gradient and thermal gradient has a destabilizing effect on the beam
Nusselt Number Distribution Due to Supersonic Flow Impingement and Confinement
Authors: Ramanujachari V. , Roy R.D. , Vijaykant S. , Ghanegaonkar P.M.
Published: December 2023

When a missile is launched from a canister, the impingement of the exhaust Bases on the plenum chamber creates a complex, viscous/shock interaction flow field. In order to study the rocket plume heat transfer effects on the closed and open plenum chambers, static rocket motor firings are carried out. Static tests are conducted in a small-scale rocket motor loaded with a typical nitramine propellant to produce a nozzle exit Mach number of 3. This supersonic jet is made to interact with the plenum chamber having closed and open sides. The distance between the nozzle exit and the plenum chamber back plate is varied from 6.3 to 9.6 times the nozzle exit diameter for the closed plenum chamber and 5.9 to 9.4 times the nozzle exit diameter for the open plenum chamber. In the plenum chamber, the heat flux has been measured using slug type heat flux gauges mounted at different locations. The temperature - time data are analyzed to obtain an insight into the flow field in the plenum chamber. Thirteen static tests are carried out to obtain the effect of axial distance between the nozzle exit and the plenum chamber back plate, and stagnation pressure in the rocket motor on the local heat transfer, characterized by Nusselt number in the closed and open plenum chambers.
Vibration Reduction In Helicopter Rotor With Dynamic Stress Constraints Using Response Surface Methods
Authors: Senthil Murugan M. , Ganguli Ranjan
Published: December 2023

An optimization procedure to reduce oscillatory hub loads for a four bladed soft-in plane hingeless helicopter rotor is developed. The objective to be minimized consists of scalar norms of 4/rev vibratory hub loads transmitted by a 4-bladed helicopter rotor to the fuselage. The mass and stiffness properties of the rotor blades are considered as the design variables. Constraints are imposed on the dynamic stresses caused. by the blade root loads, and move limits on the design variables. An aeroelastic analysis based on finite elements in space and time is. used to construct the response surface approximation .for the objective function and constraints. The response surface approximations decouple the analysis problem from the optimization problem. The numerical sampling is done using the central composite design of the theory of design of experiments. The approximate optimization problem expressed in terms d response surfaces is solved using genetic algorithms. Optimization results in forward flight with unsteady aerodynamic modeling show a reduction in the objective function of about l5 percent. The dominant loads in vehicle vibration are the vertical hub shear and the rolling and pitching moments which are reduced by 22-26 percent. This paper proposes a multidisciplinary design which is suited to industrial application due to the decoupling of the analysis and optimization problems.
Collocated Finite Difference Method in General Coordinates for Simulation of Flow Over Arbitrary Geometry
Authors: Vengadesan S. , Yokojima S. , Nakayama A.
Published: December 2023

A finite difference method to be used in simulations of turbulent flows such as Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) has been developed and verified for basic benchmark flows. The method is constructed using the general curvilinear coordinate system with the collocated grid arrangement of the variables so that it can be easily applied to various engineering flows including hydraulic applications involving complex geometry and moving boundary. The computer code is verified by test calculation of steady laminar internal flow in a curved cavity and an external flow above a curved hill. Furthermore the same code is used to conduct a DNS of fully-developed turbulent flow in a two-dimensional open channel and a LES of flow over curved hill. All results indicate that the method is sound with sufficient accuracy for the intended applications.
Acoustic Field in a Duct Resulting from Vortex Shedding from Multiple Restrictors
Authors: Karthik B. , Kowsik B.V.R. , Venkateswarlu N. , Sujith R.I. , Chakravarthy S.R.
Published: December 2023

This paper reports an experimental investigation of the acoustic field in a duct due to vortex shedding from multiple restrictors. The spacing between two restrictors was varied very closely in these experiments. It was observed that high amplitude acoustic field was established in the duct when the restrictors were closely spaced and that the highest amplitude of acoustic oscillations occurred for a certain specific spacing of the restrictors depending upon other conditions. It was also observed that the dominant frequencies locked on to the different possible natural acoustic modes that could be established in the duct.
Synthesis of A Robustly Stabilizing Compensator for an Uncertain Jet Engine Power Plant
Authors: Srivastava Suresh , Nataraj P. S. V. , Balakrishnan S.R.
Published: December 2023

We propose a new algorithm based on interval analysis for design of a robust first order compensator for a jet engine. The proposed algorithm generates the entire set of stabilizing controller parameters. We demonstrate the algorithm on the acceleration control loop of a jet engine in the presence of parametric uncertainties.
Aero-Thermal Analysis of the Critical Factors in a Winged Reusable Launch Vehicle for Safer Re-Entry
Authors: Nag Somjit , Senthil R. , Balakrishnan M.
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a brief review of the critical factors and phenomena involved in the aero-thermal analysis of a winged reusable launch vehicle. The heat flux evaluation for the re-entry phase is assessed based on the suitability of the available simulation techniques under diverse conditions. This is followed by a short description of the physics involved in each of the factors, their corresponding effects on the main objective and the usual and possible future strategies to deal with them. Finally, the ultimate thermal management of the vehicle surface is discussed based on the literature reviews and a comparative study is depicted showing the benefits over previous ideas. This work can be of use for further research on low wing loading effect to validate the reduction in heat flux and hence the aero-thermal loads thereby ensuring a safer and an affordable atmospheric re-entry for future space explorers.
Drag Reduction of a Hemispherical Body Adopting Spike at Supersonic Speed
Authors: Das S. , Kumar P. , Prasad J.K. , Ralh M.K. , Krishna Mohan Rao R.
Published: December 2023

Use of spike on a hemispherical body changes the flow field and hence the aerodynamic drag. Experimental and computational studies have been made to obtain the flow field around a hemispherical body with spikes at a supersonic Mach number of 2. The effect of shape of spike tip and length has been studied. Experiments consisted of shadowgraph flow visualisation and measurement of drag. Computations have been made adopting structured grid and k-ω turbulence model using commercial software Fluent. It is observed that use of a sharp spike itself reduces the drag significantly. However the use of a hemispherical head spike further reduces the drag. Contribution of different components towards drag indicate that the increase in length of a spike do not change the spike contribution. However the flow field on main body is altered which leads to reduction in drag with change in length. Estimated drag generally found to be higher in comparison to measured value, however the trend is almost similar.
Effect of interpersonal relationships of students with their adjustment at university level
Authors: Mahrukh Bhatti  , Zobia Kanwal
Published: December 2023

The primary purpose of this research is to ascertain how students think about their adjustment in university and interpersonal relations. The study was statistically quantitative and a survey was used. A total of 300 students a public university was included in the sample and analysis. The research sample was selected at random. A total of 300 students were included in the sample. Questionnaire was used. Each quiz has a five-point Likert scale. The first section of the questionnaire covered basic demographic information. Expert review and preliminary testing of the instrument confirmed its validity and reliability in local context. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. To get a sense of the distribution of students across a demographic variable, we used mean and standard deviation calculations from descriptive statistics. Independent sample t-tests and One-Way ANOVA (analysis of variance) of differences, and pearson r used for used for inferential statistics. The results showed that the mean scores of students’ adjustment in university is higher than interpersonal relations, as well as there was no significant relation was existed on the basis of this study between interpersonal relations and adjustment in university.