bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doğum Sonu Konfor ile Hastane Taburculuğuna Hazır Oluşluk Arasındaki İlişki ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ruşen , YAĞIZ Ruken , ER GÜNERİ Sezer
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma doğum yapan kadınların doğum sonun konfor düzeyi ile taburculuğa hazır oluşluklarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile yapılmış kesitsel ve analitik bir çalışmadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Kasım 2019-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında, Ege Bölgesinde bulunan bir üniversite hastanesinde yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 163 anne oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Birey Tanıtım Formu, Doğum Sonu Konfor Ölçeği ve Hastane Taburculuğuna Hazır Oluşluk Ölçeği kullanılarak yeni doğum yapmış anne ile toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 27.9±5.6 olup, %80.1’i bir kez doğum yapmış, %58.3’ü son doğumunu sezaryen ile yapmış, %17.8’i doğum sonu sorun yaşamıştır. Doğum Sonu konfor Ölçeği puan ortalaması 115.43±15.51; Hastane Taburculuğuna Hazır Oluşluk Ölçeği puan ortalaması 154.29±31.08 olarak hesaplanmış ve ölçekler arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Evlilik yılı ve doğum sayısındaki artış, taburculuğa hazır oluşluğu; odada başka hastanın olmaması ve oda koşullarından memnun olma doğum sonu konforu arttırmaktadır. Doğum sonu sorun yaşanması, taburculuğa hazır oluşluğu ve doğum sonu konforu azalttığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Annelerin doğum sonu konfor ve taburculuğa hazır oluşluklarının orta düzeyde olduğu, bireysel ve çevresel faktörlerin etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğum sonu konforu arttırma ve erken taburculuk için, anne ve bebeklerin ihtiyaçları ve beklentileri belirlenerek hasta bakım kalitesinin artırılması önerilmektedir.
HYDRODYNAMIC AND BOUSSINESQ WAVE MODELING FOR THE N219 AMPHIBIOUS AIRCRAFT SEAPLANE DOCK DEVELOPMENT PLAN IN PANJANG ISLAND
Authors: Khoirunnisa Hanah , Wibowo Mardi , Hendriyono Wahyu , Wardani Khusnul Setia
Published: September 2021

The flight test of N219 Amphibious aircraft will be targeted in 2003/2024. For flight tests, these aircraft need a seaplane dock. One of the potential locations for the seaplane dock is Panjang Island at Seribu Islands. This study aims to know the characteristic of hydrodynamic and wave conditions and to determine whether Panjang Island is suitable for the seaplane dock. This study uses a modeling method with MIKE 21 FM HD-SW module and MIKE 21 Boussinesq Wave (BW)  module. The bathymetry data were obtained from the Indonesian Navy Hydrographic and Oceanographic Center (Pushidrosal), tide data is generated from Tide Model Driver (TMD), wave and wind data from ECMWF. The result of surface elevation validation between hydrodynamic modeling and TMD is 92%. During the west monsoon and spring conditions, the difference in the largest and lowest current velocity is quite large (0.018-0.199 m/s), on the other hand, when the tides are in neap conditions (0.008-0.144 m/s). Meanwhile, during the east monsoon and spring conditions, the difference in the largest and lowest current velocities is quite large (0.02-0.193 m/s), on the other hand, when the tides are in neap conditions (0.008-0.146 m/s). The maximum wave height resulting from the 50-year return period waveform modeling between 1.139 - 1.474 m. Meanwhile, the significant wave heights between 0.679 - 0.741 with a significant wave period of 13.45 seconds. In general, the current and wave conditions of the two locations are suitable for the construction of the seaplane dock, except that the dominant wave heights are still above the requirements.
MICROSTRUCTURE AND OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF THE OXIDE DISPERSION STRENGTHENED STAINLESS STEEL 316L WITH ZIRCONIA DISPERSION
Authors: Ahda Syahfandi , Sujatno Agus , Diene Diene , Shabrina Nanda , Giat Sulistioso , Bandriyana
Published: September 2021

Synthesis of the oxide dispersion sODS steels was performed by dispersing 0.5 wt % zirconia to the stainless steel SS 316L by the powder metallurgy method. The ball milling process was carried out for pre-alloying the elements continued with the consolidation performed by the compaction and sintering process using the APS (Arc Plasma Sintering). Analysis of microstructure was performed by observing the morphology, identify the phase and evaluate the oxide distribution. An oxidation test was carried out at 700oC for 8 hours using the MSB (Magnetic Suspension Balanced) apparatus to evaluate the primary oxidation curve. The same grain fineness consists of 2 dominant phases, so the presence of an austenitic phase and a ferritic phase has been analyzed from the X-Ray Diffraction pattern. The homogeneous distribution of zirconia was observed, followed by improvements in mechanical properties, which could be identified by hardness testing. The parabolic phenomenon oxidation curve was explained by the excellent high-temperature oxidation behaviour of the ODS steel, followed by the formation of  ZrO2 oxide protective thin layer.
Intervalos de corte de pasto Saboya (Panicum máximum Jacq.), sobre rendimiento de materia seca y composición química de su ensilaje
Authors: Derichs Katy , Mosquera Jorge , Ron-Garrido Lenin Javier , Puga-Torres Byron , De la Cueva Francisco
Published: September 2021

Durante la época seca en el norte del litoral ecuatoriano, se presenta escasez de pasto aspecto que requiere resolverse. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes intervalos de corte sobre el rendimiento de biomasa seca, composición química y calidad nutricional de ensilaje del pasto saboya (Panicum máximum Jacq.). Durante la transición de época lluviosa a seca, en la parroquia Viche de la provincia de Esmeraldas en Ecuador, se evaluó la biomasa seca, características organolépticas, composición química y de las paredes celulares del ensilaje de pasto Saboya cortado a edades de 13, 20, 27, 34 y 41 días. Los tratamientos se implementaron en un Diseño Completamente al Azar para las características del pasto y composición química del ensilaje, y en un diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar para las características organolépticas del ensilaje. El análisis estadístico se basó en el Análisis de Varianza y comparación múltiple de medias entre tratamientos usando Tukey al 5 %. En la investigación se determinó que las características organolépticas de los ensilajes a los 20 y 34 días fueron de mejor calidad. En el análisis bromatológico se determinó que el ensilaje a los 27 días contiene una media de 8,25 % de proteína bruta, que es estadísticamente mayor que todos los tratamientos evaluados, seguido por el ensilaje a los 41 días con 5,53 % de proteína bruta. El rendimiento de materia seca anual varió de 9,74 a 29,98 t ha-1. El ensilaje preparado a los 27 días presentó los mejores valores nutricionales, mientras que el mejor rendimiento se presentó a los 41 días. Ningún tratamiento alcanzó un nivel óptimo de fermentación (pH, lignificación relación tallo/hoja).
Drenagem Endoscópica na Pancreatite Aguda Abcedada: Caso Clínico
Authors: Correia Paulo Manuel Costa , Coutinho Cabral Liliana , Vale Maria João , Santos Maria Luís
Published: September 2021

A pancreatite aguda é uma entidade com um espectro de apresentação e gravidade variáveis. A presença de abcessos com ou sem necrose pancreática infetada é um fator importante de morbimortalidade. Evidências científicas defendem técnicas minimamente invasivas para a sua abordagem como tratamento de primeira linha.Apresentamos um caso clínico de pancreatite aguda abcedada com necrose infetada, em que o paciente (além do tra-tamento de suporte) foi submetido a ultrassonografia transendoscópica com punção, drenagem, remoção de tecido necrótico e lavagem com resolução completa do quadro clínico.
“Mega” Estômago
Authors: Gaudêncio Ana Margarida , Barreiro Ivo , Bertão Maria Inês , Bessa Isabel , Pereira Amélia
Published: September 2021

Os autores apresentam o caso de um doente, género masculino, 64 anos, que recorreu ao Serviço de Urgência por perda ponderal, astenia, anorexia e epigastralgias persistentes com cerca de 6 meses de evolução. Analiticamente, objetivou-se uma anemia microcítica com Hb 6,7 g/dL, com necessidade de suporte transfusional e em estudo imagiológico tomográfico, verificou-se a presença de lesão estenosante a nível gástrico, condicionando uma distensão marcada. Internado no Serviço de Medicina para suporte transfusional e nutricional e para estudo endoscópico. Submetido a cirurgia paliativa ao 28º dia de internamento. Desta forma, os autores apresentam uma imagem apelativa e rara em termos da dimensão da distensão gástrica decorrente de lesão estenosante a nível do antro gástrico em doente com carcinoma gástrico em estádio avançado. O carcinoma gástrico pode apresentar-se de modo assintomático em fases iniciais ou com sintomatologia como anorexia, disfagia, epigastralgias, perda ponderal ou vómitos em estádios mais avançados.
Patrimônio, identidade e territorialidade: o SIG na proposta de uma nova imagética para Japeri
Authors: Reis Emanuela de Almeida Rangel , Pereira Denise de Alcantara
Published: September 2021

Apesar de contar com recursos naturais, patrimônio histórico preservados, e apresentar potencial para turismo e atividades ecológicas, as dinâmicas sócio-políticas e econômicas em Japeri, município pe
Algumas reflexões antropológicas sobre cultura no Documento de Trabalho de Santo Domingo
Authors: Steil Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2021

Com o intuito de contribuir para a reflexão que deve preceder a IV Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano, sobre Nova Evangelização, Promoção Humana e Cultura Cristã, a Equipe de Assessoria do ISER realizou, no dia 22 de julho de 1992, no Rio de Janeiro, um debate sobre o tema cultura, tomando como base o texto do Documento de Trabalho para Santo Domingo. Foram convidados para apresentar o tema os antropólogos: José Sérgio Leite Lopes e Regina Célia Reyes Novaes, professores da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Participaram do evento, como debatedores, a Equipe de Assessoria do ISER e outros intelectuais e agentes de pastoral convidados.

Gostaríamos, através deste relatório, de socializar a discussão que realizamos, tendo presente, no entanto, os limites próprios de um relatório que se vê obrigado a reproduzir as idéias, despidas do calor e da emoção que marcaram o debate. A discussão será apresentada na forma de um texto corrido, recortado segundo os itens do tema cultura, conforme aparece no cap. 3 da Primeira Parte do Doc. de Trabalho. Trata-se, portanto, de uma produção coletiva, tendo presentes, no entanto, os acréscimos do relator que, em muitos momentos, extrapola a discussão do grupo com suas reflexões pessoais. Um procedimento a que se permite, na medida em que o presente texto não pretende ser uma crônica da reunião, mas uma contribuição à reflexão daqueles que estão preocupados com os destinos da Igreja Católica na América Latina a partir das opções que podem ser definidas em Santo Domingo.
Storage Mycoflora in Sesame Seed Production in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Elaigwu M. , Oluma H.O.A. , Onekutu A.
Published: September 2021

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is usually contaminated with many fungi where some of them are mycotoxigenic causing economic and health problems. This study investigated the percentage composition of fungi contamination of sesame seeds in Benue state Nigeria. Using direct plating technique; the study revealed twelve species of fungi contamination in sesame seed obtained in Benue State. The percentage occurrence of fungal isolates shows that Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were found in all the locations and their occurrence was significantly different (P≤0.05). The percentage contamination of Sesame samples collected from Otukpo LGA has the highest fungal (23.35%) contamination and was significantly higher (P≤0.05) from samples of other places whereas Sesame contamination from Gboko was the least with total percentage of (12.05%). In conclusion, considering the benefits of sesame, it is recommended that several treatments should be applied to reduce the levels of contamination in sesame seeds before consumption utilization such as environmental conditions leading to fungal proliferation (a high temperature, humidity, poor soil fertility, drought and insect damage). Also poor harvesting practices, unsuitable storage conditions, improper transportation, marketing and processing should be discouraged.
Effect of Donor Funding on the Performance of Water Utilities in Kenya
Authors: Otieno Nicholas Daniel , Fatoki Olanrewaju Isola
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of donor funding on the performance of water utilities in Kenya. The study employed the use of a census by targeting all 88 regulated Water Services Providers (WSPs) in Kenya for a period of two years, 2016 and 2017. Data pertaining to the support received from the donors were obtained from the publications of the WSPs, Development Partners, Civil Society Organisations (CSOs), and Office of Auditor General (OAG). Performance data of the various WSPs were extracted from the Impact reports produced by Water Regulatory Board (WASREB), for the periods 2016/7 to 2017/8. Presentation of the data was done through the use of tables and charts with the application of SPSS. The study found that donor funding issued as Output Based Approach (OBA) leads to improved performance. This finding is expected to assist the Kenyan Government in negotiating for the Official Development Assistance (ODA) funding to be aligned to the government flagship projects under the Medium Term Plans (MTP). The study recommends OBA as the best way of issuing donor funding.
Insight into volcanic garnet: origin and significance of garnet as exemplified by a detailed petro-mineralogical study of the Breziny andesite (Central Slovakia Volcanic Field, Western Carpathians, Central Europe)
Authors: Bouloton Jacky
Published: September 2021

Almandine-rich garnets from a Neogene andesite of Slovakia can be divided into two main types. Garnet megacrysts are magmatic and form a chemically homogeneous group that contains, on average, about 5 wt% CaO and 4.5 wt% MgO as petrogenetically significant components. Garnets occurring in lithic fragments and garnets aggregated in garnetite lenses are characterised by Ca-poor cores (CaO <= 2 wt%) that testify for a two-step history and correspond respectively to inherited pre-anatectic and peritectic garnets. Available experimental data show that the composition of magmatic garnet megacrysts is compatible with a peritectic origin, through the fluid-absent melting of an immature metasedimentary protolith or a tonalitic gneiss. However, thermal evolution evidenced by zircons shielded in garnet rather suggests that garnet nucleated and grew by cooling of a hybrid magma pool, resulting from the complete mixing of crust- and mantle-derived melts.
Einstein’s field equation of a quantum particle using wave function
Authors: Yadav Aman
Published: September 2021

The link between Einstein's Field Equation and Schrodinger's Equation is examined in this work. In this paper, Schrodinger's Equation is modified to provide the solution and exert the wave equation. It leads to two cases: In case 1, it is noted that the structure and dimension of the resulting equation is relatively similar to the Einstein's Field Equation, and in case II, the Helmholtz equation replaces the modified Schrodinger's equation. Finally, the findings proposed that wave functions may have importance beyond determining the position of a particle and that they may be utilized to determine the structure of space-time at the quantum level.
Wie die Unterrichts- und Schulentwicklung von Vergleichsarbeiten (VERA) profitieren kann
Authors: Kopatz Myriel , Morina Fitore , Fischer Christian
Published: September 2021

Die sogenannten VERgleichsArbeiten (kurz VERA) sind weitestgehend standardisierte Kompetenztests. Mit ihnen wird geprüft, welchen Lernstand und welche Kompetenzen Schülerinnen und Schüler in der 3. und 8. Jahrgangsstufe erreicht haben. Für Schulleitungen und Lehrkräfte sind sie eine Möglichkeit, den Lernprozess ihrer Schülerinnen und Schüler zu verbessern – vorausgesetzt, die Ergebnisse werden richtig eingeordnet.
Children’s ideas about what can really happen: The impact of age and religious background
Authors: Payir Ayse , McLoughlin Niamh , Cui Yixin Kelly , Davoodi Telli , Clegg Jennifer , Harris Paul L. , Corriveau Kathleen H.
Published: September 2021

Five to 11-year-old U.S. children, from either a religious or secular background, judged whether story events could really happen. There were four different types of stories: magical stories violating ordinary causal regularities; religious stories also violating ordinary causal regularities but via a Divine agent; unusual stories not violating ordinary causal regularities but with an improbable event; and realistic stories not violating ordinary causal regularities and with no improbable event. Overall, children were less likely to judge that religious and magical stories could really happen than unusual and realistic stories although religious children were more likely than secular children to judge that religious stories could really happen. Irrespective of background, children frequently invoked causal regularities in justifying their judgments. Thus, in justifying their conclusion that a story could really happen, children often invoked a causal regularity whereas in justifying their conclusion that a story could not really happen, they often pointed to the violation of a causal regularity. Overall, the findings show that children appraise the likelihood of story events actually happening in light of their beliefs about causal regularities. A religious upbringing does not impact the frequency with which children invoke causal regularities in judging what can happen, even if it does impact the type of causal factors that children endorse.
TUGAS RESUME ILMU EKONOMI
Authors: ilahi anugerah
Published: September 2021

TUGAS RESUME ILMU EKONOMI
What have we learned about what works in sustaining mental health care and support services during a pandemic? Transferable insights from the COVID-19 response
Authors: Cogan Nicola , Archbold Heather , Deakin Karen , Griffith Bethany , Berruga Isabel Sáez , Smith Samantha , Tanner Gary , Flowers Paul
Published: September 2021

Efforts have been made to adapt the delivery of mental health care and support services to the demands of COVID-19. Here we detail the perspectives and experiences of mental health workers (MHWs), in relation to what they found helpful when adapting mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and responding to its demands. We were interested in exploring what has helped to support MHWs’ own health and wellbeing given that staff wellbeing is central to sustaining the delivery of quality mental health services moving forward. Individual interviews were conducted with MHWs (n = 30) during the third COVID-19 lockdown. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and managed using NVIVO. Qualitative data was analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Three major themes were created, which emphasized the importance of: (1) 'self-care and peer support (checking in with each other)', (2) 'team cohesion and collaboration' and (3) 'visible and supportive management and leadership (new ways of working)'. Our findings emphasize the importance of individual, team and systems-based support in helping MHWs maintain their own wellbeing, whilst adapting and responding to the challenges in providing mental health care and support during this pandemic. Guidance and direction from management, with adaptive leadership in providing sustained, efficient, and equitable delivery of mental healthcare, is essential. Our findings support future policy, research and mental health practice developments through sharing important salutogenic lessons learned and transferable insights which may help with preparedness for future pandemics.
Geometry, kinematics, and magnitude of extension across the Thakkhola Graben, Central Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Baltz Thomas , Murphy Michael , Fan Suoya , Chamlagain Deepak
Published: September 2021

The Thakkhola Graben has been a region of geologic inquiry for many decades. Although it is widely viewed to be in a class of structures that are important in accommodating the three-dimensional strain within the Himalayan thrust wedge, we still lack a detailed understanding of the total finite strain accommodated by graben-bounding faults, as well as their shape and cross-cutting relationships with structures deeper in the thrust wedge. Using geologic mapping and structural analysis, we show that a suite of pre-extensional shortening structures is offset by normal-oblique faults bounding the Thakkhola Graben that we use to define a piercing line. We calculate these faults to have accommodated 8.7 kilometers of vertical thinning, 7.2 kilometers of arc-perpendicular shear, and only 2.2 kilometers of arc-parallel extension. The magnitude of arc-parallel extension is quite low compared to extensional structures to the west in the Gurla Mandhata-Humla region. The cross-cutting relationships established in this study and timing constraints determined by previous works are consistent with a structural history of crustal thickening leading to foreland propagation of the locus of arc-perpendicular shortening contemporaneous with hinterland extension.
Framing, Suppression, and Colonial Policing Redux in Canada: News Representations of the 2019 Wet’suwet’en Blockade
Authors: Hume Rebecca , Walby Kevin
Published: September 2021

In early 2019, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) intervened at the Gidimt’en Access Checkpoint in northern British Columbia (BC) and arrested 14 land defenders, garnering global media attention. To explore the ways that settler common sense ( Rifkin 2013 ) is assembled and perpetuated in Canada, this paper examines how Wet’suwet’en mobilization is framed in news media coverage. Situating our work in relation to settler colonial studies and informed by the writings of Indigenous scholars, we use critical discourse analysis to assess mainstream news media framings of the Wet’suwet’en struggle. Drawing from literature on social movement suppression, we discern three main themes in these texts that work to validate the RCMP’s excessive use of force against land defenders and delegitimize the Wet’suwet’en’s claim to sovereignty. While this framing set the stage for sustained corporate incursions, police surveillance, and occupation across unceded Wet’suwet’en territory, we suggest negative framing as well as activist use of social media to visualize state repression may have created the conditions for what Hess and Martin (2006) call backfire.
TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF DOCUMENTATION MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION ACTIVITY: HISTORICAL PREREQUISITES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Зленко Алла , Іващенко Андрій
Published: September 2021

The article considers the historical preconditions and prospects of professional training of specialists in the field of documentation management and information activities. The modern system of management documentation was preceded by a long period of development and formation associated with changes in socio-economic and socio-political conditions, the relevant historical forms of organization of management processes and its documentation. In turn, the complexity of record-keeping and document-making processes, the development of the document-information market formed the requirements for a document-specialist who would have a universal modern education: possessed knowledge, skills in document science and information activities, and skillfully operated in practice acquired management competencies . The formation of a modern system of documentation management and training of specialists in the relevant field in Ukraine took place in line with the general historical processes of development of our state.
The peculiarities of educational programs of higher education institutions that train applicants in the specialty 029 «Information, library and archival affairs» are analyzed. It is noted that the analysis of educational programs of higher education institutions in the capital and the region shows that modern freelance students receive quality knowledge through clear new educational programs, innovative technologies, open access to information via the Internet and social institutions - libraries and archives. Future professionals are trained to work with information through new electronic tools, banks and databases. The introduction of electronic document management, the experience of leading countries, new technologies significantly increases professional requirements, encourages constant updating and improving the training of Ukrainian document specialists.
In the conclusions it is generalized that document science as a science and as an academic discipline was initiated in the process of development of two branches of practical activity - office work and archival business, within which the logical development of the theory directly depended on practice; at all stages of the transformation of their historical path was directly dependent on the socio-economic demands of society and the improvement of the management segment of document science; The need for highly qualified specialists in the field of document science in the modern labor market is constantly growing, which explains the large number of free economic zones in which high-quality training of document specialists in unique educational programs.
BLOGS AS NEW MEANS IN MODERN COMMUNICATION
Authors: Навальна Марина
Published: September 2021

The information scope of the last decade has been realized in the integration of various ways of communication into interactive information networks. Combining texts, images, symbols and sounds in one system in a global network and providing accessible and inexpensive access, dramatically changes the nature of social communication.
The history of journalism has its stages of development: from ancient to modern forms, from signs to modern information technologies. If the previous centuries are properly described and analyzed by the researchers, the new means of communication require more study.
The proposed study attempts to analyze blogs as new means in modern communication.
Blogging is somewhat different from journalism in its predominant communicative function, which in traditional media is only available live on radio and television, but information is often censored by a moderator, an editor, who determines who to broadcast and when to do it.
The study focuses on whether a blog is a form of new journalism or a new journalistic genre that has entered mass communication.
The article as an applied aspect considers ten most popular Ukrainian bloggers on Instagram based on the results of the analysis of online publications.
It is concluded that the blogs are powerful producers of information and, as a consequence, correlators of network information flows.
Blogging and journalism are two types of mass information and communication activities, between which there are common and different, but both types have a moral responsibility for the content.
The websites and social networks systematically provide rankings of the most popular blogs. In such cases, the authors, their age, number of subscribers, topics and a short history of the author are shown, and details of the private life of bloggers are usually displayed. It attracts the attention of the consumer of information.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ І ПРОБЛЕМИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ ТА ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ВЛАДИ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ЛАТВІЇ У 1991-2021 РОКАХ
Authors: Красножон Неоніла
Published: September 2021

Стаття висвітлює особливості реформ децентралізації в Україні та Латвії, втілення їх у життя та аспекти, які є визначальними в реалізації їх успішного проведення: на латвійському прикладі для України.
У публікації визначено, що в Україні децентралізація розпочалась, як і в Латвії, із низового адміністративно-територіального рівня та є глобальною перебудовою моделі управління в державі, створення ефективної системи територіальної організації влади відповідно до положень Європейської хартії місцевого самоврядування, але відсутній дієвий механізм, який би забезпечив практичну реалізацію права громади на прямі практичні дії реалізації ряду поточних питань громади. А децентралізації в Латвії, так само, як і в Україні, усі роки розбудови відновленої незалежності, включала декілька окремих реформ, які проходили не синхронно, через що виникало багато труднощів і проблем. Так, бюджетна децентралізація передувала реформам рад та адмінустрою. Реформа місцевого самоврядування розпочалася раніше і саме самоврядуванню закон дав більше повноважень, але громади не могли реалізувати ці повноваження, бо були неукрупнені, невеличкі за розмірами і недостатньо спроможними діяти самостійно.
У статті визначено ряд рекомендацій, які вартують їх дотримання при подальшій реформі децентралізації в Україні: не відкладати заходи по введенню фінансової і адміністративної автономії, інакше буде більше супротиву, чим підтримки; сприяти не лише об´єднанням, але паралельно розвивати і співробітництво; по мірі можливостей сприяти створенню і укріпленню єдиної асоціації самоуправлінь, проводячи із нею консультації при кожному кроці реформ4; консультуватися із кожним самоуправлінням і компенсовувати та допомагати тим, хто може опинитись на околиці; децентралізовувати окремі функції разом із реформами.
В дослідженні зроблені висновки, що долаючи довгий шлях реформ в умовах нестабільності політичної і економічної, ефективність децентралізації в Україні залежить від того, наскільки спроможними стануть громади, які об´єднались і наскільки дієвим інструментом із наданню послуг населенню вони будуть. Формування громад в Україні сьогодні відбувається в умовах світової пандемії, складних геополітичних трансформацій, економічної кризи і потребує як подальших досліджень проблеми, вивчення зарубіжного досвіду, так і зусиль всіх, без винятку: і законодавця, і керівників громад, і обраних, делегованих від народу представників ОТГ, і від кожного пересічного громадянина. Тільки згуртована командна робота, спрямована на позитивний, чітко визначений у стратегічних цілях громади, результат; сумлінна сплата податків; прозорий розподіл та вдала реалізація і освоєння коштів; життєздатна інвестиційна політика, - зможуть гарантувати бажаний позитивний результат і комфортне життя для населення в об’єднаній територіальній громаді.
Kampanie społeczne w mediach publicznych. Problem wykorzystania bezpłatnego czasu antenowego przez organizacje pożytku publicznego
Authors: Ziętek Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie kampanii społecznych przygotowywanych przez organizacje pożytku publicznego, a prezentowanych w mediach publicznych w bezpłatnym czasie antenowym. Przytaczane dane wskazują, że organizacje pożytku publicznego nie wykorzystują w pełni bezpłatnego czasu antenowego przyznanego im w publicznym radiu i telewizji. Główny cel artykułu koncentruje się na wskazaniu czynników wpływających na taki stan rzeczy. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz można wskazać m.in takie jak brak środków finansowych będących do dyspozycji OPP, brak wiedzy o możliwości skorzystania z bezpłatnego czasu antenowego oraz nieznajomość procedur, czy reguł kierujących rzeczywistością (post)medialną.
„Tym razem opowiem ci prawdziwą historię”. O manipulowaniu słuchaczem w słuchowisku interaktywnym
Authors: Matusiak Eliza Helena
Published: September 2021

Sztuka słuchowiskowa pozostaje w ścisłej relacji ze zmianami technologicznymi. Powstają audialne opowieści interaktywne, które, dla swej konkretyzacji, wymagają aktywnego odsłuchu i działań odbiorcy. Słuchowisko staje się otwartym na wariantywne możliwości odsłuchu polem zdarzeń, w ramach którego twórcy posługują się także działaniami manipulacyjnymi w świecie przedstawionym. Przedmiotem niniejszego tekstu jest słuchowisko interaktywne Alicja 0700, na podstawie którego zostaną wskazane manipulacyjne próby oddziaływania na słuchacza.
From Don Juan to Comrade Ivan
Authors: McElmeel Brendan
Published: September 2021

This article examines discussions of love and marriage in a regional newspaper of the Communist Youth League (Komsomol) in the central Urals region. Although framed around the intention to communicate official communist morality and ideals about the family, these discussions included stories and readers’ letters that expressed a range of views that could both draw on and challenge Party ideals. While scholarship has emphasized the conservative elements of communist morality and the lack of support for men in the domestic sphere, these sources point to an understanding of love as central to a man’s life and comradely partnership as fundamental to Soviet marriage.
Corps et blanchité au prisme de la Blackness
Authors: Fila-Bakabadio Sarah
Published: September 2021

This article examines Whiteness from the perspective of the concept of Blackness and the production of Black gazes upon Whiteness. The goal is neither to reverse old schemes nor to establish a new asymmetric duality, but to come back to the first space in which political, social, and visual dynamics are formed—the body. In doing so, the article shows that the notions and tools developed by Blackness Studies and Critical Race Theories enable the analysis of the role of corporeality in the joint construction of Whiteness and Blackness.
A White Race Blindness?
Authors: Mazouz Sarah
Published: September 2021

Drawing on observations and on interviews conducted in a préfecture and in a municipalité of the Paris periphery, this article analyzes how republican universalism operates as a “particularizing” tool that enacts Whiteness. Starting from the paradoxical situation in which White state officials are reluctant to engage with the notion of racial discrimination when they are keen to ascribe racial categories to people of color, I argue that race blindness is in fact a form of White blindness to racialization. People of color who subscribe to the ideology of colorblindness tend to adopt a position whereby their loyalty toward the requirement of race blindness is supposed to protect them from suspicions raised by the racialized identity they are assigned to. But in practice, this stance internalizes the way they are viewed by Whites. The article concludes by discussing the link between White race blindness and the failure of republican policies against racial discrimination.
On the Stages of Development of Thai-Chinese Relations
Authors:   Institute of Asian and African Studies Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Karpova Sayana Olegovna
Published: September 2021

Relations between Thailand and China have lasted for several centuries. Over a long history, they have been characterized by both mutually beneficial cooperation and periods of acute confrontation. Thе article proposes the periodization of Thai-Chinese relations, examines the main factors influencing the evolution of interstate contacts, and analyzes the general principles of cooperation between the two countries.
STRONG CONTINUITY OF FUNCTIONS FROM TWO VARIABLES
Authors: Nesterenko V. , Lazurko V.
Published: September 2021

The concept of continuity in a strong sense for the case of functions with values in metric spaces is studied. The separate and joint properties of this concept are investigated, and several results by Russell are generalized.

A function $f:X \times Y \to Z$ is strongly continuous with respect to $x$ /$y$/ at a point ${(x_0, y_0)\in X \times Y}$ provided for an arbitrary $\varepsilon> 0$ there are neighborhoods $U$ of $x_0$ in $X$ and $V$ of $y_0$ in $Y$ such that $d(f(x, y), f(x_0, y)) <\varepsilon$ /$d((x, y), f (x, y_0))<\varepsilon$/ for all $x \in U$ and $y \in V$. A function $f$ is said to be strongly continuous with respect to $x$ /$y$/ if it is so at every point $(x, y)\in X \times Y$.

Note that, for a real function of two variables, the notion of continuity in the strong sense with respect to a given variable and the notion of strong continuity with respect to the same variable are equivalent.

In 1998 Dzagnidze established that a real function of two variables is continuous over a set of variables if and only if it is continuous in the strong sense with respect to each of the variables.

Here we transfer this result to the case of functions with values in a metric space: if $X$ and $Y$ are topological spaces, $Z$ a metric space and a function $f:X \times Y \to Z$ is strongly continuous with respect to $y$ at a point $(x_0, y_0) \in X \times Y$, then the function $f$ is jointly continuous if and only if $f_{y}$ is continuous for all $y\in Y$.

It is obvious that every continuous function $f:X \times Y \to Z$ is strongly continuous with respect to $x$ and $y$, but not vice versa. On the other hand, the strong continuity of the function $f$ with respect to $x$ or $y$ implies the continuity of $f$ with respect to $x$ or $y$, respectively. Thus, strongly separately continuous functions are separately continuous.

Also, it is established that for topological spaces $X$ and $Y$ and a metric space $Z$ a function $f:X \times Y \to Z$ is jointly continuous if and only if the function $f$ is strongly continuous with respect to $x$ and $y$.
ON EXTREME VALUES OF BIRTH AND DEATH PROCESSES
Authors: Matsak I.
Published: September 2021

We establish the convergence rate to exponential distribution in a limit theorem for extreme values of birth and death processes. Some applications of this result are given to processes specifying queue length.).
We establish uniform estimates for the convergence rate in the exponential distribution in a limit theorem for extreme values of birth and death processes. This topic is closely related to the problem on the time of ﬁrst intersection of some level u by a regenerating process. Of course, we assume that both time t and level u grow inﬁnitely. The proof of our main result is based on an important estimate for general regenerating processes. Investigations of the kind are needed in diﬀerent ﬁelds: mathematical theory of reliability, queueing theory, some statistical problems in physics. We also provide with examples of applications of our results to extremal queueing problems M/M/s. In particular case of queueing M/M/1, we show that the obtained estimates have the right order with respect to the probability q(u) of the exceeding of a level u at one regeneration cycle, that is, only improvement of the corresponding constants is possible.
ABOUT ONE CLASS OF FUNCTIONS WITH FRACTAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Goncharenko Ya. , Pratsiovytyi M. , Dmytrenko S. , Lysenko I. , Ratushniak S.
Published: September 2021

We consider one generalization of functions, which are called as «binary self-similar functi-
ons» by Bl. Sendov. In this paper, we analyze the connections of the object of study with well known classes of fractal functions, with the geometry of numerical series, with distributions of random variables with independent random digits of the two-symbol $Q_2$-representation, with theory of fractals. Structural, variational, integral, diﬀerential and fractal properties are studied for the functions of this class.
Kontrol Robot Menggunakan Gerakan Mata Berbasis Sinyal Electrooculography (EOG)
Authors: Exaudi Kemahyanto , Rendyansyah Rendyansyah , Prasetyo Aditya Putra Perdana
Published: September 2021

Biomedical technology has now been widely adopted as a means of monitoring the human body in real-time. For example, to detect eye movement. In the medical world, eye movement can be used to determine the type of disease. With the application of human-machine interface (HMI) technology, eyeball movement can be developed in the robotics industry as robot navigation. For example, by moving the eyeball left and right, the robot can interpret the eye signal to move left and right. The interaction between the eyeball movement and the robot is of particular concern in this study. This study aimed to design a measuring instrument for eye movement detection using Electrooculography (EOG) techniques to move a wheeled robot. The EOG measuring instrument consisting of an instrument differential amplifier, a low pass filter, and a high pass filter has been applied in this research. The signal generator technique on EOG is carried out by placing electrodes on three sides of the face, namely forehead (G), left horizontal (H-), right horizontal (H +). The experimental results showed a significant difference between the left and right eye movement amplitude signals. This amplitude is used to classify the movement of the robot wheel towards the left and right. The process of sending robot signals and EOG measuring instruments uses Bluetooth HC-05 serial communication. Based on the research results, it is proven that the robot manages to move left and right according to the eyeball movement.
Effects of Balance Training in Elderly Evaluated by Clinical Tests and Dynamic Posturography
Authors: Ledin T. , Kronhed A.C. , Mölier C. , Mölier M. , Ödkvist L.M. , Olsson B.
Published: September 2021

All persons aged 70 through 75 years (N = 457) in a Swedish community were invited to participate in a 9 week balance training study. Out of 55 interested subjects, 15 were chosen at random for a study group; 15 matched controls were also selected. Before and after the investigation period the balance function was assessed by clinical balance tests and dynamic posturography. In the clinical balance tests, the training group significantly improved their balance standing on one leg with eyes closed as well as standing on one leg while shaking the head; they also walked 15 m back and forth faster. In the dynamic posturography the training group significantly improved their equilibrium scores in the 3 most difficult test conditions. The results of the control group were unchanged except for one test condition in the dynamic posturography. The differences in one-leg standing with head shaking, walking 2 × 15 m, and the equilibrium score using sway-referenced platform in dynamic posturography were proved to be attributable to the training. The first investigation in all 29 subjects formed normative dynamic posturography data for the age group 70 through 75 years. The normative posturographic data of this age group differed from previously obtained data in the age groups 20 through 59 and 60 through 69 years. It is concluded that elderly may improve their balance by regular balance training exercises for as short a period as 9 weeks. This might prove to be of great value in improving balance and thereby preventing accidental falls and subsequent fractures in elderly.
A Model for Otolith Dynamic Response with a Viscoelastic Gel Layer
Authors: Grant J.W. , Cotton J.R.
Published: September 2021

The otolith organs were modeled mathematically as a 3-element system consisting of a viscous endolymph fluid in contact with a rigid otoconial layer that is attached to the skull by a gel layer. The gel layer was considered to be a viscoelastic solid, and was modeled as a simple Kelvin material. The governing differential equations of motion were derived and nondimensionalized, yielding 3 nondimensional parameters: nondimensional density, nondimensional viscosity, and nondimensional elasticity. The equations were solved using finite difference techniques on a digital computer. By comparing the model’s response with previous experimental research, values for the nondimensional parameters were found. The results indicate that the inclusion of viscous and elastic effects in the gel layer are necessary for the model to produce otoconial layer deflections that are consistent with physiologic displacements. Future experimental data analysis and mathematical modeling effects should include viscoelastic gel layer effects, as this is a major contributor to system damping and response.
Effect of Head Orientation on Human Postural Stability Following Unilateral Vestibular Ablation
Authors: Fox Charles R. , Paige Gary D.
Published: September 2021

Effective interpretation of vestibular inputs to postural control requires that orientation of head on body is known. Postural stability might deteriorate when vestibular information and neck information are not properly coupled, as might occur with vestibular pathology. Postural sway was assessed in unilateral vestibulopathic patients before and acutely, 1,4, and 18+ months after unilateral vestibular ablation (UVA) as well as in normal subjects. Postural equilibrium with eyes closed was quantified as scaled pk-pk sway during 20 s trials in which the support surface was modulated proportionally with sway. Subjects were tested with the head upright and facing forward, turned 45∘ right, and 45∘ left. Equilibrium was uninfluenced by head orientation in normal subjects. In contrast, patients after UV A showed both a general reduction in stability and a right/left head orientation-dependent asymmetry. These abnormalities adaptively recovered with time. It is concluded that vestibular inputs to postural control are interpreted within a sensory-motor context of head-on-body orientation.
Disturbances in the Control of Saccadic Eye Movement and Eye-Head Coordination in Schizophrenics1
Authors: Fukushima Junko , Fukushima Kikuro , Morita Nobuyuki , Yamashita Itaru
Published: September 2021

Some schizophrenic patients have been known to have frontal cortical dysfunction. In view of the evidence that voluntary purposive eye movements and rapid head movements involve areas of the frontal cortex, investigations of saccade performance have been carried out on schizophrenics in various laboratories. We have compared performance of schizophrenic patients in tasks involving inhibition of reflexive saccades (no-saccade) and initiation of saccades without target (memory-saccade) with performance in. the antisaccade task. These measures were also compared with results of eye-head coordination tasks. Schizophrenics showed more errors and significantly longer latencies, with lower peak velocities at large amplitudes, in both the anti saccade task and the memory-saccade task. Performance with coordinated eye-head movement was basically similar, except for significantly longer latencies of head movement. These results suggest that schizophrenics may have a disturbance in initiating and executing purposive saccades without targets, and that dysfunction of the frontal cortex may contribute to this disturbance.
Head Impulses After Unilateral Vestibular Deafferentation Validate Ewald’s Second Law1
Authors: Halmagyi G.M. , Curthoys I.S. , Cremer P.D. , Henderson C.J. , Staples M.
Published: September 2021

To determine the relative contributions of ampullofugal (AF) and ampullopetal (AP) stimulation of the horizontal semicircular canal (HSCC) to the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (HVOR), 12 patients were studied 1 year after total unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD). Compensatory eye movement responses to impulses of horizontal head rotation were studied using magnetic search coils. The head impulses were rapid (up to 3000 deg/sec/sec) passive, unpredictable, step displacements of horizontal angular head position with respect to the trunk. Tbe results from these 12 patients were compared with results from 30 normal subjects. An HVOR deficit was found to each side. The HVOR in response to head impulses toward the deafferented side, a response generated exclusively by ampullofugal stimulation of the single functioning HSCC, was severely deficient with an average gain of 0.25; the HVOR in response to head impulses toward the intact side, a response generated exclusively by ampullopetal stimulation of the single functioning HSCC, was mildly but significantly deficient compared with normal subjects. These results show that rapid, unpredictable head movements, unlike slow, predictable head movements, do demonstrate the AP-AF HVOR asymmetry, which could be expected from consideration of the behavior of single vestibular afferent neurons, an asymmetry that is expressed by Ewald’s 2nd Law.