bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aptamer-based Targeted Delivery of a G-quadruplex Ligand in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Carvalho Josué , Paiva Artur , Cabral Campello Maria Paula , Paulo António , Mergny Jean-Louis , Salgado Gilmar F. , Queiroz João A. , Cruz Carla
Published: May 2019

AS1411 is a G-rich DNA oligonucleotide that functions as an aptamer of the protein nucleolin, found at high levels on the surface of cancer cells but not on the surface of normal cells. Herein, we have studied AS1411 as a supramolecular carrier for the delivery of an acridine-based G-quadruplex ligand, C8, to HeLa cancer cells. Two AS1411 derivatives, LNA-AS1411 and U-AS1411, were also tested, in an attempt to compare AS1411 pharmacological properties. The results showed that AS1411-C8 complexation was made with great binding strength and that it lowered the ligand’s cytotoxicity towards non-malignant cells. This effect was suggested to be due to a decreased internalization of the complexed versus free C8 as shown by flow cytometry. The AS1411 derivatives, despite forming a stable complex with C8, lacked the necessary tumour-selective behaviour. The binding of C8 to AS1411 G-quadruplex structure did not negatively affect the recognition of nucleolin by the aptamer. The AS1411-C8 repressed c-MYC expression at the transcriptional level, possibly due to C8 ability to stabilize the c-MYC promoter G-quadruplexes. Overall, this study demonstrates the usefulness of AS1411 as a supramolecular carrier of the G-quadruplex binder C8 and the potential of using its tumour-selective properties for the delivery of ligands for cancer therapy.
Permutation Statistics for Connectivity Analysis between Regions of Interest in EEG and MEG Data
Authors: Mamashli Fahimeh , Hämäläinen Matti , Ahveninen Jyrki , Kenet Tal , Khan Sheraz
Published: May 2019

Connectivity estimates based on electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are unique in their ability to provide neurophysiologically meaningful spectral and temporal information non-invasively. This multi-dimensional aspect of the MEG/EEG based connectivity increases the challenges of the analysis and interpretation of the data. Many MEG/EEG studies address this complexity by using a hypothesis-driven approach, which focuses on particular regions of interest (ROI). However, if an effect is distributed unevenly over a large ROI and variable across subjects, it may not be detectable using conventional methods. Here, we propose a novel approach, which enhances the statistical power for weak and spatially discontinuous effects. This results in the ability to identify statistically significant connectivity patterns with spectral, temporal, and spatial specificity while correcting for multiple comparisons using nonparametric permutation methods. We call this new approach the Permutation Statistics for Connectivity Analysis between ROI (PeSCAR). We demonstrate the processing steps with simulated and real human data. The open-source Matlab code implementing PeSCAR are provided online.
Circulating Tumor Cell cluster phenotype allows monitoring response to treatment and predicts survival
Authors: Balakrishnan Ajay , Koppaka Deepak , Anand Abhishek , Deb Barnali , Grenci Gianluca , Viasnoff Virgile , Thompson Erik W. , Gowda Harsha , Bhat Ramray , Rangarajan Annapoorni , Thiery Jean Paul , Govind Babu K. , Kumar Prashant
Published: May 2019

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are putative markers of tumor prognosis and may serve to evaluate patient’s response to chemotherapy. CTCs are often detected as single cells but infrequently as clusters and are indicative of worse prognosis. In this study, we developed a short-term culture of nucleated blood cells which was applied to blood samples from breast, lung, esophageal and bladder cancer patients. Clusters of different degrees of compactness, classified as very tight, tight and loose were observed across various cancer types. These clusters show variable expression of cytokeratins. Cluster formation from blood samples obtained during the course of chemotherapy was found to be associated with disease progression and shorter overall survival. The short-term cultures offer a robust and highly reliable method for early prediction of treatment response in different cancer types.
Effect of ovariectomy on the progression of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in female Cy/+ rats
Authors: Vorland Colby J. , Lachcik Pamela J. , Swallow Elizabeth A. , Metzger Corinne E. , Allen Matthew R. , Chen Neal X. , Moe Sharon M. , Hill Gallant Kathleen M.
Published: May 2019

Male Cy/+ rats have shown a relatively consistent pattern of progressive kidney disease development that displays multiple key features of late stage chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD), specifically the development of cortical bone porosity. However, progression of disease in female Cy/+ rats, assessed in limited studies, is more heterogeneous and to date has failed to show development of the CKD-MBD phenotype, thus limiting their use as a practical model of progressive CKD-MBD. Animal and human studies suggest that estrogen may be protective against kidney disease in addition to its established protective effect on bone. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of ovariectomy (OVX) on the biochemical and skeletal manifestations of CKD-MBD in Cy/+ female rats. We hypothesized that OVX would accelerate development of the biochemical and skeletal features of CKD-MBD in female Cy/+ rats, similar to those seen in male Cy/+ rats. Female Cy/+ rats underwent OVX (n = 8) or Sham (n = 8) surgery at 15 weeks of age. Blood was collected every 5 weeks post-surgery until 35 weeks of age, when the rats underwent a 4-day metabolic balance, and the tibia and final blood were collected at the time of sacrifice. OVX produced the expected changes in trabecular and cortical parameters consistent with post-menopausal disease, and negative phosphorus balance compared with Sham. However, indicators of CKD-MBD were similar between OVX and Sham (similar kidney weight, plasma blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatinine clearance, phosphorus, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and no cortical porosity). Contrary to our hypothesis, OVX did not produce evidence of development of the CKD-MBD phenotype in female Cy/+ rats.
Dynamically Stable Topological Phase of Arsenene
Authors: Rahman Gul , Mahmood Asad , García-Suárez Víctor M.
Published: May 2019

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) are used to investigate the electronic structures and topological phase transition of arsenene under tensile and compressive strains. Buckling in arsenene strongly depends on compressive/tensile strain. The phonons band structures reveal that arsenene is dynamically stable up to 18% tensile strain and the frequency gap between the optical and acoustic branches decreases with strain. The electronic band structures show the direct bandgap decreases with tensile strain and then closes at 13% strain followed by band inversion. With spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the 14% strain-assisted topological insulator phase of arsenene is mainly governed by the p-orbitals. The SOC calculated bandgap is about 43 meV. No imaginary frequency in the phonons is observed in the topological phase of arsenene. The dynamically stable topological phase is accessed through Z2 topological invariant ν using the analysis of the parity of the wave functions at the time-reversal invariant momentum points. The calculated ν is shown to be 1, implying that arsenene is a topological insulator which can be a candidate material for nanoelectronic devices.
Internalization, distribution, and activity of peptide H2 against the intracellular multidrug-resistant bovine mastitis-causing bacterium Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Wang Xiao , Teng Da , Wang Xiumin , Hao Ya , Chen Huixian , Mao Ruoyu , Wang Jianhua
Published: May 2019

Bovine mastitis is mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which is difficult to eliminate, prone to escape from antibacterial agents, and may cause recurring infections due to the intracellular nature of its infection and multidrug resistance. In this study, the intracellular activities of the NZ2114 derivative peptide H18R (H2) against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant bovine S. aureus strains were investigated in bovine mammary epithelial MAC-T cells and mouse mammary glands. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of H2 against S. aureus were 0.5‒1 μg/ml; H2 displayed a lower cytotoxicity than its parental peptide NZ2114 (survival rates of MAC-T cells: 100% [H2 treatment] vs 60.7% [NZ2114 (256 μg/ml) treatment]). H2 was internalized into MAC-T cells mainly via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and distributed in the cytoplasm. The intracellular inhibition rates against MRSA ATCC43300, the mastitis isolates S. aureus CVCC 3051 and E48 were above 99%, 99%, and 94%, respectively; these were higher than those in case of vancomycin (23–47%). In the mouse model of S. aureus E48-induced mastitis, after treatment with 100 μg of H2 and vancomycin, bacterial numbers in each mammary gland were reduced by 3.96- and 1.59-log CFU, respectively. Additionally, similar to NZ2114 and vancomycin, H2 alleviated the histopathological damage of the mammary tissue and polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration in the alveoli. These results suggest that H2 can be used as a safe and effective candidate for treating S. aureus-induced mastitis.
Free Flap Outcomes of Microvascular Reconstruction after Repeated Segmental Mandibulectomy in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Lin Jennifer An-Jou , Loh Charles Yuen Yung , Tsai Chia-Hsuan , Chang Kai-Ping , Wu John Chung-Han , Kao Huang-Kai
Published: May 2019

This is the first study to investigate the impact of a second fibula flap or a soft tissue flap combined with bridging plate for a repeated segmental mandibulectomy reconstruction on flap outcomes in head and neck cancer patients. A retrospective comparative analysis (2007–2016) of 61 patients who underwent a second segmental mandibulectomy was performed. 20 patients underwent a fibula flap reconstruction whereas 41 had a soft tissue flap and plate reconstruction. No significant difference was seen in the operative time, total hospital stay, flap loss, re-exploration rates, plate exposure rate, or recipient site infection rate. On multivariate analysis, patients reconstructed with a soft tissue flap and bridging plate (odds ratio (OR) 3.997; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.046–15.280, p = 0.043) and complications developed in previous surgery (OR 4.792; 95% CI, 1.120–20.493, p = 0.035) were shown to be independent predictors of a prolonged nasogastric tube dependence. The utilization of a soft tissue flap with plate is associated with comparative results of acute complication rate within 1 week, recipient site infection rate, and plate exposure rate to free fibula flaps alone. Free fibula flaps may result in a decreased risk for prolonged tube dependence compared to free soft tissue flap reconstructions.
Osmotic tolerance of avian erythrocytes to complete hemolysis in solute free water
Authors: Singh Snigdha , Ponnappan Nisha , Verma Anand , Mittal Aditya
Published: May 2019

Osmotic behavior of erythrocytes is not only important clinically, but is also significant in understanding of material transport across biological membranes. It is most commonly studied through fragiligrams – plots of the degree of hemolysis as a function of extracellular osmolarity. A fundamental assumption in experimental and theoretical studies on osmolarity driven transport of water across the plasma membranes of all cells is the sigmoidal nature of their osmotic behavior. Sigmoidal data is mathematically monotonic showing either a decreasing only or an increasing only trend, but not both, within certain thresholds; beyond these thresholds the data is asymptotic or flat. Fragiligrams of erythrocytes are usually sigmoidal, with maximal hemolysis in plain solute-free water and often up to a certain extracellular hypotonic environment. In this work, we report a new discovery of non-monotonic osmotic behavior of avian erythrocytes. In contrast to the expected monotonic fragiligrams obtained for mammalian erythrocytes, fragiligrams of avian erythrocytes show non-monotonic curves. Maximal hemolysis of avian erythrocytes was not observed at the most hypotonic conditions – instead, maximal hemolysis was observed at mild hypotonic conditions. Hemolysis of avian erythrocytes first increases then decreases with increasing extracellular osmolarity. We also report that the non-monotonic fragiligrams of chicken erythrocytes are converted to the expected monotonic sigmoids subsequent to controlled extracellular trypsinization. While possibly having profound evolutionary implications for vertebrates, the findings reported in this work have a direct impact on understanding of avian physiology. Our results also compel revisiting of experimental and theoretical models for understanding material transport across biological membranes under different osmotic conditions.
Conference report: 2018 materials and data science hackathon (MATDAT18)
Authors: Ferguson Andrew L. , Mueller Tim , Rajasekaran Sanguthevar , Reich Brian J.
Published: May 2019

MATDAT18 organizers and participants.
Effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet sizes, pinhole defects and non-ideal lamellar stacking on the performance of layered GO membranes: an atomistic investigation
Authors: Gogoi Abhijit , Koneru Aditya , Anki Reddy K.
Published: May 2019

Along with the size of the constituent graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, the pinhole defects present on the GO nanosheets and non-ideal lamellar stacking play a crucial role in the performance of layered GO membranes.
Frizzled-7-targeted delivery of zinc oxide nanoparticles to drug-resistant breast cancer cells
Authors: Ruenraroengsak Pakatip , Kiryushko Darya , Theodorou Ioannis G. , Klosowski Michał M. , Taylor Erik R. , Niriella Thisa , Palmieri Carlo , Yagüe Ernesto , Ryan Mary P. , Coombes R. Charles , Xie Fang , Porter Alexandra E.
Published: May 2019

There is a need for novel strategies to treat aggressive breast cancer subtypes and overcome drug resistance.
Hollow core–sheath nanocarbon spheres grown on carbonized silk fabrics for self-supported and nonenzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Lu Wangdong , Jian Muqiang , Wang Qi , Xia Kailun , Zhang Mingchao , Wang Huimin , He Wenya , Lu Haojie , Zhang Yingying
Published: May 2019

Flexible enzymatic glucose sensors have been investigated extensively for health monitoring systems.
Free-standing 2D nanorafts by assembly of 1D nanorods for biomolecule sensing
Authors: Cai Ren , Du Yaping , Yang Dan , Jia Guohua , Zhu Bowen , Chen Bo , Lyu Yifan , Chen Kangfu , Chen Dechao , Chen Wei , Yang Lu , Zhao Yuliang , Chen Zhuo , Tan Weihong
Published: May 2019

Novel materials from self-assembled nanocrystals hold great promise for applications ranging from inorganic catalysis to bio-imaging.
CO2-Driven reversible wettability in a reactive hierarchically patterned bio-inspired honeycomb film
Authors: Marcasuzaa Pierre , Yin Hongyao , Feng Yujun , Billon Laurent
Published: May 2019

A triple structured honeycomb film is fabricated through block copolymer directed self-assembly in “Breath Figure” templating as a clickable patterned platform to enhance its reversible surface wettability between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity upon a biological CO2 trigger.
A fast-responsive two-photon fluorescent probe for monitoring endogenous HClO with a large turn-on signal and its application in zebrafish imaging
Authors: Wang Jian-Yong , Qu Jianbo , Zhang Haitao , Wei Kang , Ni Shan-Xiu
Published: May 2019

Fast-responsive two-photon fluorescent probe NS-ClO for imaging endogenous HClO in vivo with a large turn-on signal (about 860 times) and Stokes shift (about 90 nm), fast response (about 1 min) and good selectivity.
Colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide and glucose by exploiting the peroxidase-like activity of papain
Authors: Chen Yuye , Zhong Qingmei , Wang Yilin , Yuan Chunling , Qin Xiu , Xu Yuanjin
Published: May 2019

We reported a simple colorimetric method for the detection of glucose based on GOx-catalyzed glucose oxidation and papain-catalyzed TMB oxidation.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and their applications
Authors: de Medeiros Tayline V. , Manioudakis John , Noun Farah , Macairan Jun-Ray , Victoria Florence , Naccache Rafik
Published: May 2019

Carbon dots, an emerging class within the carbon allotrope family, have gained significant attention largely due to their versatile and tunable physico-chemical and optical properties.
Implementation of solidification/stabilization process to reduce hazardous impurities and stabilize soil matrices
Authors: Reza Auchib , Anzum Saifa , Saha Riju Chandra , Chakraborty Sudipta , Rahman Md.Habibur
Published: May 2019

A wide variety of technologies is available for the treatment of contaminated soil in both the vadose zone (originating above the water table) and saturated zone (originating below the water table). Several processes involve immobilizing soil contaminants by physically, chemically or biologically. Among them, a wide range of wastes, both solids and liquids, are being treated by “solidification/stabilization” (S/S). In solidification, by adding binding reagents, physical state of the waste being changed by encapsulating a waste to form a solid material from liquid as well as to restrict contaminant migration to leaching by decreasing the exposed surface area. Whereas stabilization through chemical reactions immobilizes the hazardous materials by reducing them to less soluble or toxic form. Characteristics of different types of reagents/additives of S/S technology both from inorganic and organic origin are presented in this paper. In-situ and ex-situ application of S/S technology and their advantages-disadvantages are discussed with basic approaches. Finally, introducing with internal and external factors influencing the long-term durability of S/S treated materials as well as monitoring & treatment management of it after processing are briefly presented
Isolation and identification of chromium-tolerant bacterial strains and their potential to promote plant growth
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Javaid Anza , Manzoor Maria , Hina Kiran , Arif Ali Muhammad , Ahmed Iftikhar
Published: May 2019

Remediation and management of Chromium (Cr) contaminated soils for safe usage has been a serious challenge. The aim of present work was to isolate and identify Cr tolerant bacterial strains and assessing their plant growth promoting potential under controlled conditions. Soil samples were collected from Gujrat District, Pakistan, and analyzed for Cr content and bacteria isolation. In-vitro screening was done for chromium tolerance and plant growth-promoting (PGP) abilities. The tolerant isolates which also exhibited PGP abilities were used as inoculants in germination and pot trial experiment. The isolates A5 and A6, identified as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and Staphylococci saprophyticus through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were found to be tolerant up to 700 mg L-1 of Cr (VI). Both were effective in solubilizing phosphate but only A5 (Pseudomonas plecoglossicida) was able to produce indole acetic acid. A5 also increased the percentage of seed germination from 17 to 46% and spinach plant’s biomass by 44% with respect to the control. Keeping in view the results obtained, A5 (Pseudomonas plecoglossicida) appeared as the best species that was able to tolerate Cr stress and promote plant growth. Further, it can be developed as a bio-inoculant for non-food agricultural applications for remediation of Cr contaminated soils.
MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Fibroid Treatment – Results of the 4th Radiological-Gynecological Expert Meeting
Authors: Kröncke Thomas , David Matthias
Published: May 2019

Magnetic Resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS; Syn.: HIFU = high intensity focused ultrasound) is a safe and effective thermoablative technique to treat fibroid-related symptoms. The evidence is limited due to a lack of randomized trials. The indication for treatment by MRgFUS are symptomatic uterine fibroids. This consensus paper covers criteria to measure success, contraindications, side effects and complications of MRgFUS treatment. The role of MRgFUS in the setting of family planning is part of this publication.

Key Points:

Citation Format
Zeit sparen und Qualität verbessern
Authors: Hänzelmann Debora
Published: May 2019

Die Ludgerus-Kliniken in Münster haben im vergangenen Jahr die NANDA-Pflegediagnosen in beiden Häusern eingeführt. Zeitgleich wurde die Pflegeplanung als Papierdokumentation in das KIS-System überführt. Lesen Sie mehr über die Erfahrungen während des Prozesses.
Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Werteorientierungen als Prädiktoren männlicher Depression bei militärischen und zivilen Patienten
Authors: Hohl-Radke Felix , Leutheußer Gregor , Groh Maria , Reimann Irina , Koch Milena , Zimmermann Peter
Published: May 2019

Ziel der Studie war es, Unterschiede zwischen einer militärischen und einer zivilen Stichprobe von Patienten mit Depressionen im Hinblick auf das Konstrukt der männlichen Depression, auf weitere depressive Symptome, Persönlichkeitsakzentuierungen und Werteorientierung zu identifizieren. Dazu wurden je 50 zivile und militärische Patienten untersucht. Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Vorkommens der männlichen Depression fanden sich nicht, es zeigten sich aber Zusammenhänge mit einzelnen Persönlichkeitsakzenten und Werteorientierungen.
Ausbildungsoffensive startet
Authors: Girts Sabine , Hommel Oliver
Published: May 2019

Im Juli 2018 startete die Konzertierte Aktion Pflege (KAP). Ziel: Die Potenziale der an der Pflege beteiligten Akteure sollen genutzt werden, um nachhaltige Maßnahmen auf den Weg zu bringen. Lesen Sie mehr über die Ergebnisse der AG Ausbildung und Qualifizierung.
Multiple Myeloma Guidelines and Their Recent Updates: Implications for Imaging
Authors: Mosebach Jennifer , Thierjung Heidi , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Delorme Stefan
Published: May 2019

Background In 2014, the diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma were updated, leading to revised recommendations for imaging modalities and definition of therapy response. This review provides an overview of the current definitions of monoclonal plasma cell disease, diagnostic options, and changes relevant to radiologists.

Method A pubmed search regarding the multiple myeloma guidelines was conducted, and results were filtered considering publications of international associations and expert reviews. Recommendations by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG), the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN, USA), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and the European Myeloma Network are acknowledged.

Results and Conclusion Conventional skeletal survey is to be replaced by cross-sectional imaging techniques. For initial diagnostics of bone lesions or bone marrow involvement defining multiple myeloma, whole-body low-dose CT and whole-body MRI are recommended. Two or more focal bone marrow lesions suspicious for myeloma on MRI will now define symptomatic disease even in the case of intact mineralized bone. Follow-up imaging is not clearly specified so far. New guidelines concerning the definitions of minimal residual disease include the assessment of focal lesions before and after treatment using 18F-FDG-PET/CT, with the potential to redefine the role of PET/CT in the diagnostics of multiple myeloma.

Key points: 

Citation Format
Palliative Sedierung – trotz Leitlinien ein schwieriger Entscheidungsprozess
Authors: Kamprad Martin , Helm Ute
Published: May 2019

Die palliative Sedierungstherapie (PST) ist eine adäquate Therapie für Patienten mit unheilbaren Erkrankungen, therapierefraktären Symptomen, kurzfristig infauster Prognose und schwerster Leidenssituation. Was sind nun gesicherte Indikationen, welche Sedierungsform ist wann zu wählen, und wo beginnt die Sterbehilfe? Viele Herausforderungen für palliativmedizinische Teams! Hier sind unsere Erfahrungen zu diesem Thema.
Heterogeneous Catalysis with Basic Compounds to Achieve the Synthesis and C–N Cleavage of Azetidin-2-ones under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Galván Adriana , de la Cruz Fabiola N. , Cruz Francisco , Martínez Merced , Gomez Clarisa Villegas , Alcaraz Yolanda , Domínguez José Manuel , Delgado Francisco , Vázquez Miguel A.
Published: May 2019

The synthesis of azetidin-2-ones with a completely heterogeneous catalysis is reported. The use of basic compounds as solid catalysts allowed for the synthesis of azetidin-2-ones under microwave irradiation without organic additives such as triethylamine. An excellent catalyst for this transformation was Mg-Al hydroxide (MAH). The present methodology offers the advantages of non-hazardous reaction conditions, short reaction times, high yields, and catalyst reusability. Different substitution groups were tested on the imines and acyl chlorides to explore the scope of the reaction. Unconventional N–C4 bond cleavage was detected in azetidin-2-ones. MAH was characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM).
Test-Retest Reliability of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Aguiar Raiza Gorbachev Ribeiro , Almeida Katia de , Miranda-Gonsalez Elisiane Crestani de
Published: May 2019

Introduction The Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) is a questionnaire designed to assess the auditory experience and quantify hearing disabilities in realistic communication situations, with particular attention to binaural hearing.

Objective To determine the test-retest reliability of the SSQ in Brazilian Portuguese.

Method A total of 35 individuals with mean age of 61 years and mean education of 7 years were interviewed. The mean auditory threshold was 44.29 dBNA in the best ear and 58.04 dBNA in the worst ear. The SSQ in Portuguese was applied at two time points, test and retest. An interval of 7 to 20 days between interviews was established. The level of significance adopted was 0.05, or 5%.

Results The analysis revealed a high Cronbach α coefficient for the three domains and for the general component of the scale, demonstrating good internal consistency between the items. In addition, a significant strong correlation was detected between test and retest of the SSQ on the analysis by domain and for the general component of the scale. A significant moderate-to-strong correlation between test and retest by question was found, except for question 2 of Part I.

Conclusion The test-retest reliability indicators showed good stability of the Portuguese version of the SSQ, indicating that the scale is suitable for use in the hearing-impaired population in Brazil.
Total Laryngectomy with Horizontal Mechanical Closure of the Pharyngoesophagectomy: Evaluation of the Effectiveness in Elderly Patients
Authors: Allegra Eugenia , Mantia Ignazio La , Azzolina Alfio , Natale Massimo De , Trapasso Serena , Saita Vincenzo
Published: May 2019

Introduction The main modalities of surgical treatment for laryngeal cancer include transoral laser microsurgery (TLM), open preservation surgery, and total laryngectomy (TL). In the elderly, for the presence of comorbidities, the surgical approach more appropriate in many cases remains TL. The use of a stapler for the closure of the esophagus has been introduced to reduce surgical time and postoperative complications such as pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF).

Objective In the present study, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the use of the horizontal mechanical pharyngoesophageal closure in patients who underwent TL.

Methods This nonrandomized study was performed on consecutive patients with histopathologically proven squamous cell endolaryngeal carcinoma. The TL was performed using a linear stapler to mechanically suture the pharyngotomy using the semiclosed technique.

Results A total of 33 patients underwent TL, and 13 of them underwent neck dissection. A total of 15 patients (45.4%) were ≤70 years old, and 18 were > 70 years old. Analyzing the results in relation to age, patients > 70 years old showed tumors at an earlier stage than those aged ≤70 years old. Furthermore, in this group there was a greater number of patients who had comorbidities (p = 0.014). In total, we had 2 (6%) cases of PCF in 6.6% in the group ≤70 years old, and in 5.5% of the group > 70 years old (p = 1.00).

Conclusions The use of the stapler for the horizontal closure of the pharyngoesophagectomy in the patients subjected to TL is proven to be useful and safe even when used in elderly patients.
Pulmonary Complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Hannah Jennifer R. , D'Cruz David P.
Published: May 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by the production of pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality through a wide range of clinical manifestations which can affect almost any organ. Pulmonary involvement is prevalent and seen in 50 to 70% of SLE patients and may even be the presenting feature in 4 to 5% of patients. By 10 years postdiagnosis, 12% will have accumulated an element of permanent lung damage. Pulmonary complications are broad and include pleural disease, interstitial lung disease (ILD), vasculitis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, large airway disease, shrinking lung syndrome, and infection. Conditions can range mostly from asymptomatic, for example, in mild cases of pleural effusion or obstructive airway disease, to life-threatening disease, for example, in acute lupus pneumonitis or diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. ILD and pulmonary hypertension are both frequently seen in other autoimmune rheumatic diseases such as systemic sclerosis; however, in SLE, they tend to be milder and have a comparatively favorable prognosis. Although collectively pulmonary involvement in SLE is common, the heterogeneity of SLE and rareness of individual complications make clinical trials difficult and treatment is usually based on case series reports and anecdotal experience with various immunosuppressive agents. Some of these immunosuppressive agents such as azathioprine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide have also been linked with drug-induced lung injury.
Possible Association between the Lack of Regular Physical Activity with Tinnitus and Headache: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bazoni Jéssica Aparecida , Dias Ana Carolina Marcotti , Meneses-Barriviera Caroline Luiz , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes , Teixeira Denilson de Castro
Published: May 2019

Introduction Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for many aging-related symptoms. Studies suggest that physical activity may help to relieve tinnitus and headache.

Objective To investigate the presence of tinnitus and headache in elderly individuals by associating it with the lack of regular physical activity.

Methods A cross-sectional study including elderly individuals who live independently. The practice of physical activity and the complaints of headache and of tinnitus were checked by means of a questionnaire with objective questions. The statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test and relative risk, and a multiple logistic regression model was used to determine how well each factor predicted headache while controlling for each of the other factors.

Results Based on a sample of 494 subjects, it was found that 213 (43.11%) complained of tinnitus. Among the complainants, 97 (45.53%) practiced physical activity regularly. We have confirmed associations between headache with lack of physical activity among elderly individuals with tinnitus (p = 0.0440). It was also observed that certain factors, such as male gender and tinnitus, are independent factors for the complaint of headache.

Conclusion We have found that headache could be a symptom related to the lack of regular physical activity among elderly individuals with tinnitus.
Prescription Profile and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Treated with Oral Antihistamines or Nasal Corticosteroids
Authors: Sánchez Guillermo , Castro Carlos
Published: May 2019

Introduction Oral antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids have been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of allergic rhinitis; however, the evidence suggests a level of superiority of corticosteroids, so they should be preferred over the former.

Objective To know the prescription profile of two second generation antihistamines (cetirizine and levocetirizine) and two nasal corticosteroids (mometasone and furoate-ciclesonide) in a cohort of patients with allergic rhinitis, and to compare the clinical outcomes obtained.

Methods A cohort study was carried including patients with allergic rhinitis treated with cetirizine, levocetirizine, mometasone furoate or ciclesonide. The improvement was evaluated with the total nasal symptoms score (TNSS). This scale yields results between 0 and 12. Zero indicates absence of symptoms.

Results A total of 314 patients completed 12 weeks of follow-up. Seventy-five percent were treated with antihistamines, 20% with corticosteroids, and 5% with a combination of the above. The TNSS median for corticosteroid was 2.5 points; for antihistamines, its was 5 points, and for combination, it was 4 points. We found differences between corticosteroids and antihistamines.

Conclusion The prescription percentage of second generation oral antihistamines is higher than that of intranasal corticosteroids. However, patients with allergic rhinitis treated with the second option obtained better control of symptoms.
SHOX Deficiency in Argentinean Cohort: Long-Term Auxological Follow-Up and a Family's New Mutation
Authors: del Pino Mariana , Aza-Carmona Miriam , Medino-Martín David , Gomez Abel , Heath Karen E. , Fano Virginia , Obregon María Gabriela
Published: May 2019

A cohort study on the growth of 19 Argentinean children, aged 0 to 18 years, and 11 of their first-degree relatives with alterations in the SHOX gene or its regulatory regions is reported. Children are born shorter and experience a growth delay during childhood with a stunted pubertal growth spurt. Body disproportion, with a sitting height/height ratio above +2 standard deviation score (SDS), was already present as early as 2 years old. Hand length was normal. Shortening of the radius, with a length below –1.9 SDS, was the earliest and most frequent radiological sign detected as early as 45 days old. We found a previously unreported mutation in a family with a highly variable phenotype, the boy had a severe phenotype with a milder presentation in other affected members of the family. We conclude that body disproportion and a shorter radius length on X-ray are useful tools for selecting children to undergo SHOX molecular studies.
Mitochondrial m.13513G>A Point Mutation in ND5 in a 16-Year-Old Man with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Detected by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Vázquez-Justes Daniel , Carreño-Gago Lidia , García-Arumi Elena , Traveset Alicia , Montoya Julio , Ruiz-Pesini Eduardo , López Ricard , Brieva Luis
Published: May 2019

This article reports a Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) case associated for the first time with mitochondrial m.13513G>A mutation. We present a 16-year-old man who complained of subacute, painless, visual loss. Ocular examination showed optic nerve atrophy, papillary pseudoedema, and optic disc pallor. Extraocular manifestations included hypertrophic myocardiopathy and myopathy. Initial genetic analysis excluded the three most common LHON mutations. Sanger sequencing of the whole mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid showed no mutation. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed m.13513G>A mutation in the NADH dehydrogenase (ND5) subunit gene (MT-ND5). The m.13513G>A mutation has never been associated with LHON phenotype without Leigh/mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes features. NGS techniques should be considered when this diagnosis is strongly suspected.
A Case of Neonatal Epileptic Encephalopathy due to SCN2A Mutation Responsive to a Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Bashiri Fahad A. , Hudairi Abrar , Al Ghamdi Malak , Mahmoud Adel A.
Published: May 2019

Neonatal seizures may have multiple causes including metabolic and genetic etiologies. If a genetic diagnosis is known, it can guide the physician to choose the most appropriate treatment modality. SCN2A mutation is a rare cause of epileptic encephalopathy in the neonatal age group. It has a wide phenotypic variation, ranging from benign familial epilepsy to a malignant form of epilepsy. This mutation has been associated with Ohtahara syndrome, migrating focal seizures of infancy, West syndrome, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. We present the case of a newborn girl who presented with multiple types of seizures, starting at the age of 3 days. Our initial investigations were not able to identify the etiology of her intractable seizures. Whole exome sequencing confirmed an SCN2A mutation. Various antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including phenobarbitone, phenytoin, levetiracetam, topiramate, vigabatrin, carbamazepine, clonazepam, and mexiletine, were tried. However, none provided an optimal response. She ultimately showed a dramatic response to the ketogenic diet (KD). This report highlights the effectiveness of the KD as a treatment modality for SCN2A mutation-related epileptic encephalopathy, particularly when seizures are intractable and unresponsive to conventional AEDs.
Presheath-sheath coupling for kinetic trajectory simulation of a magnetized plasma sheath
Authors: Adhikari Bhesha Raj , Basnet Suresh , Lamichhane Hari Prasad , Khanal Raju
Published: May 2019

The coupling of presheath-sheath parameters is extended for the study of magnetized plasma sheath using the kinetic trajectory simulation (KTS) method, in which the final self-consistent states are obtained iteratively by solving the kinetic equations. In our case, it is assumed that the ion and electron velocity distribution functions are cut-off Maxwellians at the sheath entrance. The results show that the cut-off and Maxwellian maximum velocities have equal magnitudes at the sheath entrance and at wall. The presheath electron temperature has a considerable effect on the self-consistent potential profile which affects the Child sheath thickness. The latter increases from 3.8320 μm to 5.4190 μm when the presheath electron temperature increases from 10 eV to 20 eV. It is found that the number of ions reaching wall is higher than that of the electrons and hence the space charge density has its maximum value there. Furthermore, the temperature of ions in the sheath region increases with the increase in presheath ion temperature. Moreover, the cut-off distribution causes our simulation result to deviate from the theoretical result found for the Boltzmann distribution by about 3%. The coupling scheme presented here provides a basis for smooth transition of plasma parameters at the presheath-sheath interface. The proper understanding of the magnetized plasma-wall transition plays a vital role for further exploring the plasma sheath characteristics which has useful applications in fusion and industrial plasma devices.
Tunable ferrite-dielectric metamolecule with Fano resonance
Authors: Wang Xiaobo , Li Haohua , Zhou Ji
Published: May 2019

Actively controllable material properties are desirable for applications in materials science and microwave engineering. We design and fabricate a magnetically-coupled metamolecule with ferrite for X-band microwave frequencies that shows tunable responses to external magnetic fields. When compared with the metamolecule’s magnetic Mie resonance, superior field sensitivity is observed in the vicinity of the Fano resonance through analysis of the transmission spectra. The mechanism is investigated by emulating the field distributions, and the phenomenon is attributed to specially coupled magnetic dipoles. The simulation results are verified experimentally. This work substantiates the metamaterial’s enhanced electromagnetic properties for potential application to tunable microwave devices.
Thin film thermoelectric generators with semi-metal thermoelectric legs
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Lou Chaogang , Li Xiaojian , Li Xin
Published: May 2019

A type of Bi1.5Sb0.5Te3/Sb1.5Bi0.5Te3 thin film thermoelectric generators with semi-metal thermoelectric legs is presented. In order to improve the adaptability of the devices to different occasions, Au thin films are introduced into the thin film thermoelectric legs and separate each leg into two parts. Experimental results show that, because the larger area of Au thin films brings more heat dissipation, the output voltage and the equivalent Seebeck coefficient of the devices decrease with the increasing length and width of Au thin films. Although the output power of the thermoelectric generators is lower than that of conventional ones, the introduction of Au thin films might extend the application of the devices.
Thermophysical properties of [EMIm]Ac and its binary and ternary mixtures with water and graphene nanoplatelets for absorption refrigeration
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Zheng Feifei , Wu Xuehong , Yang Xuzhao , Zhang Qi , Yin Yaling
Published: May 2019

The ionic liquid of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIm]Ac) was investigated as a promising absorbent for absorption refrigeration. Water and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were added to the pure [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid to lower its viscosity and improve its thermal conductivity, respectively. The thermophysical properties (density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and surface tension) of [EMIm]Ac-water binary and GNP-[EMIm]Ac/water ternary mixtures were investigated. The measured data were fitted with appropriate equations. Comparisons of the thermophysical properties between the ternary/binary mixtures and pure ionic liquid were conducted. Compared to the pure [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid, the viscosity of the GNP-[EMIm]Ac/water ternary system was reduced by up to 94.99% for the 0.05% mass fraction of GNP and a temperature of 282.15 K, and the maximum increment in thermal conductivity was 114.61% for the 1% mass fraction of GNP and a temperature of 353.15 K.
Wildlife of the Otways and Shipwreck Coast
Authors: Palmer Grant
Published: May 2019

The Otways and Shipwreck Coast is known for its natural beauty and attracts millions of visitors each year, particularly along the Great Ocean Road. The value of the region's rich biodiversity is recognised at the national and global level and its wildlife is markedly different to other regions, including eastern Victoria which supports similar vegetation types.
Wildlife of the Otways and Shipwreck Coast is a photographic field guide to the vertebrate wildlife of Victoria’s south-west. It covers all the mammals, birds, reptiles and frogs that occur in the region, including on land and in coastal waters. Each of the 288 species profiles includes a description and information on identification, range, conservation status, habitat use and ecology and is complemented by an exquisite colour photograph and a detailed distribution map. The book also includes chapters on habitat types, conservation and management, and on 14 key places in the region to view wildlife.
This book will allow those interested in wildlife, including residents and visitors, to identify vertebrate animals found in the region. Readers will also become more familiar with the distinct role the Otways has in conserving Australia’s biodiversity.
Subtle variability in water quality structures tropical diatom assemblages in streams of Cape York Peninsula, Australia
Authors: Negus Peter M. , Barr Cameron , Tibby John , McGregor Glenn B. , Marshall Jonathan , Fluin Jennie
Published: May 2019

Contemporary benthic diatom assemblages were examined from 52 riverine and palustrine wetlands on Cape York Peninsula, Australia, to determine their environmental sensitivities and develop inference models. Multivariate analyses identified strong relationships between nine environmental variables and the diatom assemblage composition, with the aim to select variables for developing models. Total alkalinity, bicarbonate concentration, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and latitude were most consistently and strongly correlated with diatom composition. The river basins sampled generally have an east–west orientation, so latitude potentially represents biogeographic differences between basins. Comparison of diatom assemblages between river basins showed significant differences, but substantial overlap in species. Diatom-based transfer functions were developed for each environmental variable and tested using the relationships between measured values and values predicted by the transfer functions. These were significant, and had low root mean square errors. An independent validation dataset for EC was analysed and applied to the EC transfer function. Results showed good predictions, giving confidence in its relevance beyond the training dataset. These understandings and models of the environmental effects on diatom assemblages allow for their application to future monitoring programs and reconstruction of past water quality conditions using fossilised diatoms in layered aquatic sediments of Cape York.
Mitigation of ammonia volatilisation from urea with micronised sulfur applied to common bean
Authors: Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Almeida Danilo Silva , Alves Cleiton José , Soratto Rogério Peres , Krebsky Evelin Oliveira , Spolidorio Eduardo Scarpari
Published: May 2019

Urea with micronised sulfur (S) in granules may result in lower nitrogen (N) depletion through ammoniacal N (NH3-N) loss than conventional urea due to the acidification reaction of S near urea granules in soil, and the addition of S to the urea may provide a limiting nutrient in tropical soils. The research objectives were to (1) verify whether urea containing micronised S (urea+S) can mitigate NH3-N volatilisation in comparison to conventional urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate; and (2) evaluate the efficiency of N and S sources for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown on coarse-, medium-, and fine-textured soil. The results showed that ~90% of NH3-N volatilisation occurred during the first 14 days after application. The blend of elemental sulfur and sulfate in urea reduces the loss of N by NH3-N volatilisation compared with regular urea but not enough to achieve the low volatilisation as observed for ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate application. Despite the differences in the leaf N and S concentration and bean yield components, no differences were observed among N sources in grain yield in general.
Computer aided environmental analysis of a large-scale production of chitosan micro-beads modified with thiourea and magnetite
Authors: Bertel F , Cogollo G , Meramo-Hurtado S , González-Delgado A
Published: May 2019

In this work, environmental assessment of a large-scale production of chitosan micro-beads modified with thiourea and magnetite was performed using Waste Reduction Algorithm (WAR). This methodology evaluates eight impact categories, four toxicological and four atmospherics. Initially, the simulation of production process of micro-beads was realized. Then, WAR GUI software, which is based on WAR algorithm, was employed to quantify potential environmental impacts (PEI) generation and output rate for this process under 4 different cases. The synthesis of micro-beads was analysed using computer-aided process engineering, this is related to the fact that there is no bibliography reported for the industrial scale-up, simulation and environmental evaluation of this type of process Results shows that photochemical oxidation potential is the evaluated category which emits the biggest output rate of PEI, contributing in all cases with more than 49% of the total rate. In general terms, the process has a negative generated PEI which means that the process has a convenient environmental performance. This leads to the conclusion that the process is environmentally beneficial because it consumes environmental impacts.