bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Regulates the Growth of Human Thyroid Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Wu Dongdong , Li Jianmei , Zhang Qianqian , Tian Wenke , Zhong Peiyu , Liu Zhengguo , Wang Huijuan , Wang Honggang , Ji Ailing , Li Yanzhang
Published: May 2019

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved in the development and progression of many types of cancer. However, the effect and mechanism of H2S on the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells remain unknown. In the present study, we found that the proliferation, viability, migration, and invasion of human thyroid carcinoma cells were enhanced by 25–50 μM NaHS (an H2S donor) and inhibited by 200 μM NaHS. However, H2S showed no obvious effects on the proliferation, viability, and migration of human normal thyroid cells. Administration of 50 μM NaHS increased the expression levels of CBS, SQR, and TST, while 200 μM NaHS showed reverse effects in human thyroid carcinoma cells. After treatment with 25-50 μM NaHS, the ROS levels were decreased and the protein levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, H-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 were increased, whereas 200 μM NaHS exerted opposite effects in human thyroid carcinoma cells. Furthermore, 1.4-2.8 mg/kg/day NaHS promoted the tumor growth and blood vessel formation in human thyroid carcinoma xenograft tumors, while 11.2 mg/kg/day NaHS inhibited the tumor growth and angiogenesis. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that exogenous H2S regulates the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells through ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Novel H2S-releasing donors/drugs can be designed and applied for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Orthogonal Multitone Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (OMEIS) for the Study of Fibrosis Induced by Active Cardiac Implants
Authors: De Roux Edwin , Degache Amelie , Terosiet Mehdi , Kölbl Florian , Boissière Michel , Pauthe Emmanuel , Histace Aymeric , Bernus Olivier , Lewis Noëlle , Romain Olivier
Published: May 2019

Fibrosis represents an open issue for mid- to long-term active implants, like pacemakers, given that this biological tissue surrounds the stimulation electrodes and can impact or modify the performances of the system. For this reason, we present a strategy for the continuous sensing of fibrosis induced by cardiac implants, based on the use of the same set of electrodes involved in the implant stimulation process and whose implementation can be integrated into the pacing and sensing circuitry of pacemakers. To do this, the proposed measurement system complies with certain requirements for its integration, such as rapid measurement time, flexibility, low power consumption, and low use of resources. This was achieved through the use of an orthogonal multitone stimulation signal and the design of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) architecture that are the bases of the system. As a proof of concept, we implemented this technique within a FPGA. Initial tests of this system have been performed through in vitro measurements of cell cultures related to fibrosis, which, once validated, have allowed us to advance to ex vivo measurements of inhibited and perfused cardiac tissue; these are the conditions that offer a first view of in vivo measurements. This article describes the measurement system implemented and also discusses the results of its validation and of the in vitro and ex vivo measurements, comparing them with results obtained by a reference instrument.
Authorized Client-Side Deduplication Using CP-ABE in Cloud Storage
Authors: Youn Taek-Young , Jho Nam-Su , Rhee Kyung Hyune , Shin Sang Uk
Published: May 2019

Since deduplication inevitably implies data sharing, control over access permissions in an encrypted deduplication storage is more important than a traditional encrypted storage. Therefore, in terms of flexibility, data deduplication should be combined with data access control techniques. In this paper, we propose an authorized deduplication scheme using CP-ABE to solve this problem. The proposed scheme provides client-side deduplication while providing confidentiality through client-side encryption to prevent exposure of users’ sensitive data on untrusted cloud servers. Also, unlike existing convergent encryption schemes, it provides authorized convergent encryption by using CP-ABE to allow only authorized users to access critical data. The proposed authorized deduplication scheme provides an adequate trade-off between storage space efficiency and security in cloud environment and is very suitable for the hybrid cloud model considering both the data security and the storage efficiency in a business environment.
Interaction of Mitoxantrone-Loaded Cholesterol Modified Pullulan Nanoparticles with Human Serum Albumin and Effect on Drug Release
Authors: Yuan Liming , Guo Bu , Zhong Wu , Nie Yu , Yao Xiaoyan , Peng Xiaofeng , Wang Rong , Yu Hongyuan , Yang Shanyi , He Chunlian , Tao Xiaojun , Zhang Qiufang
Published: May 2019

To clarify nanoparticle-protein interaction and their action characteristics, the interactions between MTO-CHP NPs and human serum albumin (HSA) were studied by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). Hydrophobically modified pullulan (CHP) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with mitoxantrone (MTO) were prepared (MTO-CHP NPs) with size 166.9 nm. The spherical shape was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ITC results demonstrated an interaction between MTO-CHP NPs mainly by hydrophobic interaction force, electrostatic force, and hydrogen bonding. The mean binding constant KA was 0.832×104 M−1 and mean HSA coverage 0.939±0.302. MTO-CHP NPs could quench the fluorescence intensity of HSA, which gradually decreased to be balanced in 9 h and indicated the completion of the complexation. The size and zeta potential changes of the combined particle were dynamically detected with DLS at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 h. When the reaction was completed at 9 h, the particle size and potential remained stable, accompanied by a size change from 89.91 to about 145 nm and potential change from -15 to -3 mV, respectively. The results of CD measurement showed that the change in ellipticity of HSA at 208 nm was similar to the fluorescence spectra and DLS measurements with MTO-CHP NPs combined with HSA. At the beginning of the reaction, the proportion of α-helix was 52.3% to 43.7%, which decreased by 39.1% at compound stabilization. The release of MTO from MTO-CHP NPs at pH=5.6 was significantly accelerated, whereas that of MTO from HSA-MTO-CHP NPs was significantly reduced, and the drug release was significantly slowed down even under acidic conditions, which indicates the beneficial effect of HSA on the persistence and stability of the HSA-MTO-CHP NP compound.
Modeling and Analysis of a Modular Multilegged Robot with Improved Fault Tolerance and Environmental Adaptability
Authors: Ning Meng , Shao Lei , Chen FangJian , Li Mingxing , Zhang Chunyu , Zhang Qiuju
Published: May 2019

Multilegged robots can adapt to complex terrains, an ability that is highly important for their research and development. To improve the adaptability and fault tolerance of such robots, the modular design concept is applied by an increase in the number of modules. A modular multilegged robot contains a trunk with six modular leg structures that can be removed at will. The interface design of the trunk and legs can achieve good tightness and high strength, thereby ensuring quick disassembly and that the trunk and legs will not fall off while the robot walks. On this basis, the gait of a robot with different numbers of modular legs is designed. Then, kinematic and dynamic models of the robots with different gaits are established, and the motion performance, which provides reference for motion control and motor selection, is analyzed. Experiments show that the robot with different numbers of legs has good motion performance. This study serves as a useful reference for the design of modular multilegged robots.
Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control for Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on a Fuzzy Exponential Reaching Law
Authors: Mo Lili , Liu Yongqiang , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2019

In order to handle heavy chattering and negative robustness caused by time‐varying system parameters and external load disturbance of the speed control system, thereby having high‐precision control over surface permanent magnetic synchronous machine (PMSM), this paper combines the advantages of sliding mode variable structure control (SMVSC) and fuzzy control. Firstly, a fuzzy sliding mode variable structure control (FUZZY‐SMVSC) method is proposed, based on the vector control foundation framework of surface PMSM (SPMSM). It effectively reduces chattering while keeping sliding mode, according to the fuzzy rules formulated based on fuzzy control principle. Secondly, integral sliding mode surface is used and integration element is introduced into fuzzy control input, thereby reducing the static error of the conventional fuzzy control. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed fuzzy sliding mode variable structure control reduces chattering by fuzzy reasoning and softening. Also, it still can maintain the strong robustness of sliding mode variable structure and ensures the fine dynamics of the system, against time‐varying system parameters and external load disturbance.
TRPV1 Contributes to Cerebral Malaria Severity and Mortality by Regulating Brain Inflammation
Authors: Pereira Domingos Magno Santos , Teixeira Simone Aparecida , Murillo Oscar , Peixoto Erika Paula Machado , Araújo Mizael Calácio , Sousa Nágila Caroline Fialho , Monteiro-Neto Valério , Calixto João Batista , Cunha Thiago Mattar , Marinho Cláudio Romero Farias , Muscará Marcelo Nicolás , Fernandes Elizabeth Soares
Published: May 2019

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a Ca+2-permeable channel expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells, known as an oxidative stress sensor. It plays a protective role in bacterial infection, and recent findings indicate that this receptor modulates monocyte populations in mice with malaria; however, its role in cerebral malaria progression and outcome is unclear. By using TRPV1 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice, the importance of TRPV1 to this cerebral syndrome was investigated. Infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA decreased TRPV1 expression in the brain. Mice lacking TRPV1 were protected against Plasmodium-induced mortality and morbidity, a response that was associated with less cerebral swelling, modulation of the brain expression of endothelial tight-junction markers (junctional adhesion molecule A and claudin-5), increased oxidative stress (via inhibition of catalase activity and increased levels of H2O2, nitrotyrosine, and carbonyl residues), and diminished production of cytokines. Plasmodium load was not significantly affected by TRPV1 ablation. Repeated subcutaneous administration of the selective TRPV1 antagonist SB366791 after malaria induction increased TRPV1 expression in the brain tissue and enhanced mouse survival. These data indicate that TRPV1 channels contribute to the development and outcome of cerebral malaria.
Model-Based Quantification of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Critically Ill Patients with Atrial Fibrillation from Routine Data: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Kiefer Nicholas , Oremek Maximilian J. , Hoeft Andreas , Zenker Sven
Published: May 2019

Introduction. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are connected by pathophysiology and prevalence. LVDD remains underdiagnosed in critically ill patients despite potentially significant therapeutic implications since direct measurement cannot be performed in routine care at the bedside, and echocardiographic assessment of LVDD in AF is impaired. We propose a novel approach that allows us to infer the diastolic stiffness, β, a key quantitative parameter of diastolic function, from standard monitoring data by solving the nonlinear, ill-posed inverse problem of parameter estimation for a previously described mechanistic, physiological model of diastolic filling. The beat-to-beat variability in AF offers an advantageous setting for this. Methods. By employing a global optimization algorithm, β is inferred from a simple six parameter and an expanded seven parameter model of left ventricular filling. Optimization of all parameters was limited to the interval ]0, 400[ and initialized randomly on large intervals encompassing the support of the likelihood function. Routine ECG and arterial pressure recordings of 17 AF and 3 sinus rhythm (SR) patients from the PhysioNet MGH/MF Database were used as inputs. Results. Estimation was successful in 15 of 17 AF patients, while in the 3 SR patients, no reliable estimation was possible. For both models, the inferred β (0.065 ± 0.044 ml−1 vs. 0.038 ± 0.033 ml−1 (p=0.02) simple vs. expanded) was compatible with the previously described (patho) physiological range. Aortic compliance, α, inferred from the expanded model (1.46 ± 1.50 ml/mmHg) also compared well with literature values. Conclusion. The proposed approach successfully inferred β within the physiological range. This is the first report of an approach quantifying LVDF from routine monitoring data in critically ill AF patients. Provided future successful external validation, this approach may offer a tool for minimally invasive online monitoring of this crucial parameter.
TAS4464, A Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitor of NEDD8-Activating Enzyme, Suppresses Neddylation and Shows Antitumor Activity in Diverse Cancer Models
Authors: Yoshimura Chihoko , Muraoka Hiromi , Ochiiwa Hiroaki , Tsuji Shingo , Hashimoto Akihiro , Kazuno Hiromi , Nakagawa Fumio , Komiya Yu , Suzuki Satoshi , Takenaka Toru , Kumazaki Masafumi , Fujita Naoya , Mizutani Takashi , Ohkubo Shuichi
Published: May 2019

NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) is an essential E1 enzyme of the NEDD8 conjugation (neddylation) pathway, which controls cancer cell growth and survival through activation of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes (CRL). In this study, we describe the preclinical profile of a novel, highly potent, and selective NAE inhibitor, TAS4464. TAS4464 selectively inhibited NAE relative to the other E1s UAE and SAE. TAS4464 treatment inhibited cullin neddylation and subsequently induced the accumulation of CRL substrates such as CDT1, p27, and phosphorylated IκBα in human cancer cell lines. TAS4464 showed greater inhibitory effects than those of the known NAE inhibitor MLN4924 both in enzyme assay and in cells. Cytotoxicity profiling revealed that TAS4464 is highly potent with widespread antiproliferative activity not only for cancer cell lines, but also patient-derived tumor cells. TAS4464 showed prolonged target inhibition in human tumor xenograft mouse models; weekly or twice a week TAS4464 administration led to prominent antitumor activity in multiple human tumor xenograft mouse models including both hematologic and solid tumors without marked weight loss. As a conclusion, TAS4464 is the most potent and highly selective NAE inhibitor reported to date, showing superior antitumor activity with prolonged target inhibition. It is, therefore, a promising agent for the treatment of a variety of tumors including both hematologic and solid tumors. These results support the clinical evaluation of TAS4464 in hematologic and solid tumors.
A Short SOX9 Peptide Mimics SOX9 Tumor Suppressor Activity and Is Sufficient to Inhibit Colon Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Blache Philippe , Canterel-Thouennon Lucile , Busson Muriel , Verdié Pascal , Subra Gilles , Ychou Marc , Prévostel Corinne
Published: May 2019

Differently from cytotoxic chemotherapies, targeted therapies do not necessarily drive cancer cells toward death, but reduce cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and/or prevent metastasis without affecting healthy cells. Oncogenic proteins that are hyperactivated and/or overexpressed in cancer cells are prime targets for such therapies. On the other hand, the activity of tumor suppressor proteins is more difficult to harness. Here, we identified a short SOX9 sequence (S9pep) located at the hinge between the HMG DNA-binding domain and the SOX-E central conserved domain that mimics SOX9 tumor-suppressive properties. Doxycycline-induced S9pep expression in DLD-1 colorectal cancer cells inhibited the growth potential of these cells, including colorectal cancer stem cells, restored cell–cell contact inhibition, and inhibited the activity of the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It also significantly decreased tumor growth in BALB/cAnNCrl mice grafted with mouse doxycycline-inducible CT26 colorectal cancer cells in which S9pep was induced by treating them with doxycycline. As the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is constitutively activated in 80% of colorectal cancer and SOX9-inactivating mutations are present in up to 11% of colorectal cancer, S9pep could be a promising starting point for the development of a peptide-based therapeutic approach to restore a SOX9-like tumor suppressor function in colorectal cancer.
A Case of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Carcinoma in Adenoma at the Minor Duodenal Papilla
Authors: Kawashima Yohei , Ogawa Masami , Yamaji Yoko , Kodama Toshiki , Yokota Masashi , Kawanishi Aya , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Mine Tetsuya
Published: May 2019

Here, we describe a case of minor papillary adenocarcinoma in adenoma that was treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). In a 67-year-old woman, sigmoid colon cancer was incidentally detected on preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy revealed a slightly elevated lesion at the minor duodenal papilla. The findings of a histopathologic examination were suggestive of adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images identified a minute tumor, whereas endoscopic ultrasonography revealed that the tumor did not spread to the pancreas. We performed EMR of this lesion. There were no complications, and relapse has not occurred in 3 years. Cases of minor papillary adenocarcinoma treated with EMR are quite rare.
АНТИОКСИДАНТНА ТЕРАПІЯ У ЖІНОК З БЕЗПЛІДДЯМ НА ФОНІ ЕНДОМЕТРІОЗУ
Authors: Khmil S. V. , Kulyk I. I. , Mykula R. P.
Published: May 2019

Мета. Підвищити результативність протоколів допоміжних репродуктивних технологій з використанням комплексної прегравідарної терапії, у жінок з безпліддям на фоні генітального ендометріозу.

Матеріали і методи. Рандомізоване клініко-лабораторне дослідження було проведено серед 104 пацієнток репродуктивного віку з безпліддям та гістологічно підтвердженим діагнозом генітального ендометріозу. Лікування безпліддя всім пацієнткам було проведено із застосуванням допоміжних репродуктивних технологій – екстракорпоральне запліднення ЕКЗ/ICSI.

Результати. Після включення в програму допоміжних репродуктивних технологій, усіх жінок було обстежено та розділено на 2 групи, залежно від лікувальної схеми: І група – (контрольна) включала 51 пацієнтку з ендометріоз-асоційованим безпліддям, яким проводилась КОС за допомогою стандартного «довгого» протоколу; ІІ група – (дослідна) 53 жінки з ендометріоз-асоційованим безпліддям, яким проводилась модифікована схема КОС. Оцінку ефективності лікування із застосуванням прегравідарної терапії використовували наступні показники:  сумарна доза р-ФСГ, тривалість стимуляції, кількість фолікулів діаметром більше 17 мм на момент введення тригера фінального дозрівання фолікулів,  сумарний коефіцієнт ефективності отриманих ооцит-кумулюсних комплексів при трансвагінальній пункції, ступінь зрілості ооцитів, частоту дегенеративних змін в яйцеклітинах, відсоток запліднення, дроблення ембріонів, вихід бластоцист.

Висновки. Прегравідарна терапія комбінацією препаратів інозитолу та вітаміну D, підвищує чутливість яйників до стимуляції та покращує результати допоміжних репродуктивних технологій. Проведення оперативних втручань у пацієнток із генітальним ендометріозом І та ІІ ступеня важкості рекомендовано після стимуляції суперовуляції у програмах ДРТ.
КЛІНІКО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ КАМФОРНОЇ ОЛІЇ ПРИ ДЕРМАТИТІ, АСОЦІЙОВАНОМУ З НЕТРИМАННЯМ
Authors: Kohut I. Y. , Galnykina S. O.
Published: May 2019

Мета роботи: дослідити клініко-економічну ефективність камфорної олії у лікуванні дерматиту, асоційованого з нетриманням.

Матеріали і методи. У перспективне спостережне дослідження увійшли 134 дорослі пацієнти з дерматитом, асоційованим з нетриманням. У досліджуваній групі (n = 104) для очищення і захисту шкіри використовувалась камфорна олія. У контрольній групі (n=30) застосовували вологі салфетки 3 в 1 або комбінацію піни для очищення шкіри та захисного крему. Середній вік пацієнтів становив 77 ± 11 (діапазон 36 – 92) років, з них 83 (61,9 %) жінок. У всіх пацієнтів було наявне нетримання сечі, яке поєднувалося з нетриманням калу у 48 (35,8 %) осіб. Зразки змивів шкіри висіювалися на середовище Сабуро для грибів і культивувалися 48 – 72 год при температурі 37°С до виділення Candida spp. Статистична обробка результатів виконувалась за допомогою програмного забезпечення Microsoft Excel® 2016 та MedCalc®. Зміна показників вважалася достовірною при рівні значимості не менше 0,05 (р<0,05). Порівняння між показниками груп проводилось за допомогою регресійного аналізу з визначенням відношення шансів при 95 % довірчому інтервалі.

Результати. Через 1 місяць використання досліджуваного препарату відбулося достовірне зменшення числа осіб з категорією GLOBIAD 2В з 30 (28,8 %)до 16 (15,4 %) пацієнтів (χ2 = 22,1; p < 0,001) та збільшення чисельності категорії 1А з 29 (27,9 %) до 52 (50,0 %) пацієнтів (χ2 = 12,07; p < 0,001). Грибковоподібний висип спостерігався на початковому візиті у 53 (51,0 %) досліджуваних хворих, який, після курсу лікування, достовірно зменшився і визначався у 33 (31,7 %) осіб (χ2 = 16,4; p < 0,001). Грибковоподібний висип був підтверджений мікологічно у 30 (28,8%) досліджуваних, а після курсу лікування лише у 8 (7,8%) хворих (χ2 = 20,05; p < 0,001). Економічний аналіз показав, що одна процедура догляду за шкірою за допомогою камфорної олії коштувала 0,65 грн, тоді як у групі контролю на рутинні засоби витрачалося 1,65 грн.

Висновки. Місцеве застосування камфорної олії призвело до достовірного покращення клінічного перебігу захворювання, зменшення кількості випадків грибковоподібного висипу, зниження частоти колонізації шкіри Candida spp., а також виявилось економічно вигідним у порівнянні з рутинними засобами догляду за шкірою в осіб з дерматитом, асоційованим з нетриманням.
ДИНАМІКА ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТВОРЕННЯ ПОНЯТЬ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ
Authors: Sokol M. O. , Szempruch Y.
Published: May 2019

Мета роботи – висвітлення розвитку понятійно-категорійного апарату в освітній галузі.

Основна частина. У статті розглядаються теоретичні концепції динаміки та розвитку понять в освітньому процесі. В умовах інтеграційних устремлінь України важливим є осмислення перспектив розвитку вітчизняної науки, включно з освітою, понятійно-категорійного апарату педагогіки з метою гармонізації зі світовими та європейськими векторами. Доведено, що системний рівень наукових понять, що відображає ступінь розвитку його теорії і розкриває взаємозв’язок об’єктів і різноманіття пізнавальних ситуацій, що виникають під час навчання, виховання особистості, і дозволяє учаснику чітко окреслити предмет дослідження та побудувати його послідовну концепцію. Враховуючи технічні нововведення сучасної педагогічної науки, було припущено, що чітка система понять є невід’ємною складовою освітнього процесу. Актуальність дослідження авторами обумовлена суб’єктивною детермінацією понятійно-категорійного апарату, що проявляється у загальних  тенденціях у різних наукових галузях.

На основі сутнісного аналізу понять “людина”, “індивід”, “особистість” та їх експлікації доведено різноплановість тракту­вання понятійно-категорійного апарату у вітчизняному та зарубіжному наукових просторах. Обґрунтовано необхідність вивчення основних тенденцій розвитку понятійно-категорійного апарату педагогічної науки.  Було виокремлено тріаду педагогічних понять “людина”, “індивід”, “особистість”.

Висновки. Підсумуємо, що освітній понятійно-категоріальний апарат є однією з умов розвитку світової педагогічної культури як цілісної якості, що забезпечує розвиток індивідуальної педагогічної культури, оволодіння науковими теоріями, освітніми технологіями в єдиному, багатокультурному інформаційному та освітньому просторі. Оскільки педагогічна система понять стає інструментом пошуку нових орієнтирів, які розвивають освітню галузь та сприяють всебічному розвиткові особистості.
“Where is Our Honor?” Sports, Masculinity, and Authority in Kazakhstani Islamic Media
Authors: Bigozhin Ulan
Published: May 2019

This paper examines the construction of Islamic authority in Kazakhstani online media. I build on the growing scholarship in Central Asian studies that questions the logocentric nature of Islamic authority, even for scripturalist Muslims. Taking the YouTube channel of Abdughappar Smanov as a case study, I argue that some scripturalist preachers in Kazakhstan construct their Islamic authority by tapping into Soviet, Kazakh, and global currents of masculinity and sport.
Semantic Extension of the Verb of Breaking in Thai and Japanese
Authors: Thepkanjana Kingkarn , Uehara Satoshi
Published: May 2019

The fact that a lexical item has semantic variations when combined with other linguistic elements is a central issue in lexical semantics. A number of researchers claim that a lexical item has one basic meaning, and that other extended meanings are triggered in context by a process whereby the semantic structure of the lexical item is adjusted in certain details so that it is semantically compatible with its neighboring lexical items. This paper aims to examine how this process actually works as it applies to a transitive verb occurring with subject and object arguments. A study of the Thai transitive verb HAK "break" and its corresponding verb ORU in Japanese is presented. Arguably, all seemingly discrete meanings of HAK are interrelated and so are those of ORU. The basic meaning of each verb corresponds to the most concrete event and is the most cognitively salient. It consists of a number of “facets”, which represent different physical resulting states of an entity undergoing an action denoted by either HAK or ORU. Two mechanisms are found to derive the extended meanings. First, only some facets of HAK and ORU are promoted. Second, HAK and ORU are figuratively interpreted. The other objective of this study is to show semantic differences between HAK and ORU. It is demonstrated in this paper that so-called "corresponding” words in different languages, especially verbs, hardly have exactly the same meaning.
Multiple Identities of a Chinese Woman Amidst Chinese Patriarchy and Western Colonialism in Adeline Yen Mah’s Autobiography Falling Leaves
Authors: Charuchinda Intira
Published: May 2019

In her autobiography, Falling Leaves (1997), Adeline Yen Mah writes about the lives of Chinese women caught in the clash between the existing Chinese patriarchal culture and the advent of Western colonialism in Hong Kong that she herself experienced. Helpless in the face of the overwhelming Western influx, Chinese women were subjected to Western racial discrimination in addition to the sexual discrimination built into Chinese culture. Everything Western, including Western blood, was considered better than anything Chinese. At the same time, the Chinese patriarchy was still a powerful cultural force in spite of the pervasiveness of Western influence. This became a doubly oppressive predicament for Chinese women. Nevertheless, in Falling Leaves, Adeline Yen Mah describes how she carefully chose and employed a variety of roles in order to survive. This paper argues that negotiating between the impositions of Chinese patriarchy and Western colonialism, Adeline constructed multiple identities that satisfied her demand for integrity. She assimilated her Chinese ancestral roots into her identities but rejected the sexist practices in Chinese tradition. As for gender identity, she opted to be a woman who realizes her potential and who has the self-will to become successful even though this idea conforms to Western feminism.
On Thai Transnational Subjectivity
Authors: Musikawong Sudarat
Published: May 2019

This paper examines the formation of transnational subjectivity through Thai political engagements in the United States (US). Thai people in the US participate in Thai homeland politics, while negotiating for a Thai immigrant identity in the US. Thai diasporas exist through political and social experiences, in which Thai communities and persons engage in homeland politics. Political acts and protests by Thais in the United States are not new, but emerged in the aftermath of the Cold War. This paper asks how political exiles, popular protests, film festivals, and satellite television challenge what Benedict Anderson has termed “long-distance” nationalism and Arjun Appadurai’s mediascapes.
Using GIS for Exploring Karen Settlements: A Case Study of Western and Northern Thailand in the Vicinity of the Thai-Burmese Border
Authors: Teerarojanarat Sirivilai
Published: May 2019

The Karen are one of the largest ethnic minority groups living in Thailand today, residing mostly in the mountainous ranges along the Thai-Burmese border. In most previous Karen studies, map presentation of Karen settlements has been disregarded. This paper explores the Karen from the spatial aspect. The study area covered 15 provinces in western and northern Thailand along the Thai- Burmese border. The scope of the study focused on the village locations of 6 Karen subgroups, namely the Sgaw, the Pwo, the Taungthu or PaʼO, the Kayah, the Kayan, and the Kayaw. A survey of these Karen subgroups settlements was performed via a questionnaire that was collected between 2011 and 2012. A spatial-based technique, the Geographic Information System (GIS), was used as a tool to develop a geographical database of Karen settlements. Further analysis was performed to explore the population numbers of Karen subgroups and their population change, settlement distribution, village size and the relationship of village locations to topography. The findings show that the Sgaw Karen are still the largest Karenspeaking group living in Thailand today. The population size of Karen villages varies largely but their average size is almost the same. According to the settlement pattern, Karen villages of the same subgroup tend to stay close together. A mixture of Karen subgroups in a village are found in small numbers. All subgroups are located on mountain peaks or at high elevations along the Thai-Burmese border or along the provincial boundaries. However, the Sgaw and the Pwo Karen tend to settle at a higher elevation than the Kayah and the Taungthu (Pa’O) Karen. The findings also suggest that the role of GIS is obvious, showing its great potential for advancing our understanding of Karen studies from the spatial aspect.
Filipinos and Thais Saying “No” in English
Authors: Boonkongsaen Nathaya
Published: May 2019

This study investigated the use of refusal strategies conducted in English between Filipinos and Thais. The purpose of the study was to examine if the frequency of refusal strategies varied according to the situations and social status of the interlocutors. Data were collected through a discourse completion task (DCT). Findings indicated that both groups preferred to use indirect strategies to the direct ones. In general, Filipinos were more direct than Thais when dealing with refusals. Thais were less direct than Filipinos when declining the interlocutor of higher status. As language and culture are intimately related, English refusal strategies used by Filipinos and Thais reflected tendencies in their social norms.
The Myths of Chao Pho Pak Hueng: The Dynamic of the Sacred Narratives and the Construction of Social Space in Thailao Border Communities
Authors: Nonthavisarut Payungporn , Hongsuwan Pathom
Published: May 2019

This article is responding to 2 questions: 1) what roles do the myths of Chao Pho Pak Hueng (Chao Ong Luang) , the sacred narratives found near the Thai-Lao borderland in the Pak Hueng community of Chiang Khan District, Loei Province, Thailand and in the Pak Nam Hueng community of Ken Thao, Xayabouly Province, Laos, play in constructing a physical sacred space and a spiritual sacred space through personal symbols, objects, places and rituals, and culturally, what do they communicate?; 2) what roles do the dynamic sacred narratives on Chao Pho Pak Hueng play in constructing a social space for the Thai-Lao borderland people in relation to the social and the political contexts? The analysis was based on symbols, symbolic meanings, concepts of sacred space and social space.
Arts Education in Thailand: Why it Matters
Authors: Schoonmaker Cristina Penn
Published: May 2019

The humanities, especially the visual arts, are often neglected at Thai universities because they are perceived as rarely yielding tangible results. This paper aims to demonstrate that learning to decode and talk about a painting not only require high level cognitive, visual, and language skills, but also extensive contextual knowledge, which only a background in the humanities can offer. The author analyzes several works of art as well as discusses modern aesthetics to argue that the arts are an integral part of the human experience, and therefore, should be included in general education courses at the tertiary level.
The Integration of Lukthung Songs into the German Language Teaching and Learning Process of Thai Students
Authors: Attaviriyanupap Korakoch
Published: May 2019

This academic article aims to share an experience of integrating German language teaching with the preservation of Thai art and culture. Thai country songs or “Phleng Lukthung” were used as a medium in different courses and projects of the Department of German, Faculty of Arts, Silpakorn University. Lukthung songs were translated into German in addition to German texts which were written to be sung with Thai Lukthung melodies. These texts can be used as teaching materials and study content. The skills necessary to translate and sing Lukthung songs in German were taught, both in classes and during rehearsals for public performances. The integration of German language Lukthung songs in different forms has contributed to the development of German language skills of these groups of learners while at the same time being supportive of the integration of their knowledge with other disciplines. This case study can therefore be considered as a model of good practice on how to integrate Thai art and culture in the process of foreign language teaching and learning.
A Folk Taxonomy of Terms for Ghosts and Spirits in Thai
Authors: Hengsuwan Manasikarn , Prasithrathsint Amara
Published: May 2019

Previous studies show that Thai people’s ways of life and traditions from birth to death are related to ghosts. Most of the studies deal with the role of ghosts in Thai society but there has been no study on ghost terms in Thai, which would reflect the ghost system in Thai thoughts. Thus, this study aims to analyze the system and categorization of terms for ghosts and spirits in Thai. Folk taxonomy, which is a method in the ethnosemantic approach, has been adopted for the analysis.
Proto-Karen (*k-rjaƞA) Fauna
Authors: Luangthongkum Theraphan
Published: May 2019

Even though the reconstruction of Proto- Karen has already been attempted and presented in different ways by a few linguists, some serious disagreements among them on some major points have been found. The research objective, here, is to offer a new look at the Proto-Karen phonology and lexicon. However, the emphasis of this paper is on the reconstruction of Proto-Karen fauna. A wordlist consisting of 2,000 items with English and Thai glosses divided into 21 sections based on semantic fields was devised. The data on the six Karenic languages spoken in Thailand, i.e. Pa-O (two varieties), Kayan, Kayah, Kayaw, Pwo (two varieties) and Sgaw (two varieties) was collected by the author at seven research sites in Thailand from January 2009 – January 2012. They represent Northern, Central and Southern Karen languages. The cognate words found in the Bwe Karen Dictionary (Henderson 1997) were added. To analyse the patterns of sound correspondence, the comparative method was applied with an awareness of areal linguistic features due to language contact. A Proto-Karen (*krjaƞ A) phonology and lexicon were reconstructed. With regard to the Proto- Karen phonology, the relationship between the onsets and tones is quite straightforward, so it is not difficult to reconstruct, unlike the rhymes which, in some cases, are problematical resulting from vowel harmony and the loss of final consonants. The 73 reconstructed forms of Proto-Karen animals are presented and the Proto-Karen tones, onsets and rhymes drawn from Proto-Karen Phonology and Lexicon (L-Thongkum, 2013, ms.) are provided in the Appendix.
Transformations and Mutations of the Chinese Language Publishing Field in the Digital Age
Authors: Lee Yu-Ching
Published: May 2019

In the traditional publishing arena, the publishing fields around the world all operate according to a fixed value chain system, which has been in operation ever since the existence of the publishing industry over 500 years. Now the publishing industry is going through a transition period toward digitization, which has overwhelmed not only the entire system but the entire publishing field. In this digital age, publishing houses in the West have carried on with their conventional model of value chains and have established a comprehensive digital publishing system. But in Chinesespeaking regions, due to factors such as market traits, consumer reading habits, publishing policies and consumption habits which are vastly different from those in the West, the Western system of digital publishing is not applicable. This study analyzes the Chinese language publishing field by interviewing Cross- Straits publishing experts. The aim is to examine the differences between the publishing structure of Chinese-speaking regions (specifically mainland China and Taiwan), the typical publishing field in the West, and the traditional paper-based publishing field which has existed for hundreds of years. The result shows that Taiwan follows the Western e-publishing model. However, because of the differences in market size and reading habits, the e-publishing model is not applicable in Taiwan. China, on the other hand, has developed its own system called “Internet Literature” in accordance with readers’ reading preferences and habits. Moreover, this model uses the intellectual property to extend the value of publications by transforming literature texts into other forms of cultural production. This publishing business model is carried out by big Internet companies such as Tencent, Baidu, rather than by publishers. These mutations of Internet literature content have really challenged the Chinese state-regulated publishing system, and have become the foundations of a successful business model. This development in China has challenged the conventional definition of publishing, as literature has been a symbol of highbrow civilization whereas Internet Literature is more a symbol of uncultured entertainment.
Encoding Accuracy in Thai Court Judgments
Authors: Rungrojsuwan Sorabud
Published: May 2019

Accuracy is an issue that points to the reliability of language used in legal circles. The objective of the present study is to investigate linguistic devices denoting accuracy in Thai legal discourse. Data was gathered from judgments in three Thai courts: the Supreme Court, the Supreme Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court. Findings from Thai legal language were also compared to those from three registers: academic, media and political. The results show that Thai legal language employs two major linguistic devices in order to express accuracy: mention of the sources of evidence and legal citations. The use of the two devices is significantly present in legal language when compared with other registers.
Weddings and Thai Women: The Construction of Weddings and the Portrayal of Thai Women Through Wedding Stories in Thai Wedding Magazines
Authors: Buaphet Permtip
Published: May 2019

Thai wedding magazines have been a primary resource for Thai women seeking wedding planning information. This study analyses the construction of weddings and investigates the portrayal of brides within the context of Thai wedding magazines by combining textual analysis and visual research methods. It investigates the social arrangements indicated in these magazines and the associated wedding ideology represented. Data for analysis is based on three magazines (Wedding Guru, We, and Love Wedding Magazine). There were twenty-two magazine issues and one hundred and thirty-two stories in total, covering the period from November 2014 – October 2015. These magazines are targeted at women in their 20s and older. The study reveals how Thai wedding magazines formulate the meaning of weddings and the role of Thai wedding magazines in the transmission of particular ideas about desirable weddings in Thai society, while also reinforcing notions of what constitutes the ideal life for women. Findings in terms of the content indicate that weddings and women as brides in Thai wedding magazines are constructed only in positive ways. That is to say, weddings and the act of becoming a bride are constructed as examples of an already achieved ‘ideal’ life.
The Effects of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication on Relationship Satisfaction in Thaigerman Couples
Authors: Beg Martina
Published: May 2019

This study aims to explore the ways in which Thai-German couples perceive their mutual verbal and nonverbal communication as causing them dissatisfaction in their daily lives. Furthermore, it investigates the extent to which the partners’ mutual communication satisfaction is correlated to the general satisfaction with their relationship. A mixed-methods approach was used for data collection. The data were collected from 544 questionnaire respondents and 11 interviewees. Data analysis employed statistical analyses for quantitative data (2 sets of questionnaires), and text analysis for the individual indepth interview. The survey results indicated a strong positive correlation between communication satisfaction and relationship satisfaction: r (531) = +.62, p < .001, while the interviews narrowed down the specific communicational problems for the Thai-German couples. These included linguistic skills, accent, pronunciation, grammar, different styles of communicating (direct vs. indirect communication), and differences in emotional expressiveness. Meaningful contrasts were found in the use of humor, eye contact, smiling, intimate touch and personal space. Patterns of conflict management were described, as well as the phenomena of double cultural identity and third language building, which were present in successful relationships.
The correct use of the name Scytalopus speluncae (Ménétriés, 1835), and the description of a new species of Brazilian tapaculo (Aves: Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae)
Authors: RAPOSO MARCOS A. , STOPIGLIA RENATA , LOSKOT VLADIMIR , KIRWAN GUY M.
Published: May 2019

Scytalopus speluncae was described from a specimen taken at São João del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Ménétriés described it as having the throat and the central breast evidently whitish, but since then this name has been rather surprisingly attributed to the uniformly slate gray Mouse-colored Tapaculo of the eastern coastal Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Contrary to previous findings, our analysis of the holotype, two new specimens from the type locality (topotypes) and original description of Scytalopus speluncae indicates that this name must be applied to the pale gray form with rufous-barred thighs that is found in Minas Gerais. This species is apparently very common in São João del Rei. This paper redescribes Scytalopus speluncae, correcting this name application, and describing, as a new species, populations from the Serra do Mar and vicinity, previously misidentified as S. speluncae.
The Neotropical caddisfly genus Canoptila (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae)
Authors: ROBERTSON DESIREE R. , HOLZENTHAL RALPH W.
Published: May 2019

The caddisfly genus Canoptila Mosely (Glossosomatidae: Protoptilinae), endemic to southeastern Brazil, is diagnosed and discussed in the context of other protoptiline genera, and a brief summary of its taxonomic history is provided.  A new species, Canoptila williami, is described and illustrated, including a female, the first known for the genus.  Additionally, the type species, Canoptila bifida Mosely, is redescribed and illustrated.  There are three possible synapomorphies supporting the monophyly of Canoptila: 1) the presence of long spine-like posterolateral processes on tergum X; 2) the highly membranous digitate parameres on the endotheca; and 3) the unique combination of both forewing and hind wing venational characters.
Rivulus sape, a new species of killifish (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the Paragua River system, Caroní River drainage, Guyana Shield, Venezuela
Authors: LASSO-ALCALÁ OSCAR M. , B. DONALD C. TAPHORN , LASSO CARLOS A. , LEÓN-MATA OSCAR
Published: May 2019

A new species, Rivulus sape, is described from two tributaries of the upper Paragua River, Caroní River drainage, of the Guyana Shield in Venezuela. It is a small (all specimens examined less than 50 mm SL), apparently non-annual species that is distinguished from congeners in having the dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins short; adult males with a truncate caudal fin with the upper and lower borders black; and an iridescent blue, ovate spot on sides of the body above the pectoral fins. Neither adults nor juveniles have an ocellus at the dorsal junction of the caudal peduncle and caudal fin. Only one contact organ per scale on some scales along the sides of the body was observed.
Description of two new spider genera of Trechaleidae (Araneae: Lycosoidea) from Northern Brazil
Authors: DA SILVA ESTEVAM LUÍS CRUZ , LISE ARNO ANTONIO
Published: May 2019

Two new genera of Trechaleidae are described and illustrated. Amapalea gen. n., type species A. brasiliana sp. n., from Amapá, and Magnichela gen. n., type species M. santeremensis from Pará, both states located in Northern Brazil region. Amapalea presents a tegular projection not found in any other Trechaleidae genera, like Paratrechalea Carico, 2005 and Paradossenus F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1903. Magnichela gen. n. can be distinguished from the other genera and from Amapalea gen. n., by the enlarged and apically expanded chelicerae.
Crinoidea and Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the abyssal Angola Basin—Results of the DIVA-1 expedition of FS "Meteor" (Cruise M48/1)
Authors: BOHN JENS MICHAEL
Published: May 2019

Agassiz trawl and epibenthic sledge samples taken at abyssal depths in the Angola Basin (south-eastern Atlantic Ocean) during the expedition DIVA-1 with FS "Meteor" in July 2000 yielded a rich variety of Echinodermata: inter alia one stalked crinoid (Bathycrinus cf. aldrichianus Wyville Thomson, 1876) and altogether nine holothurian species, two of which are subspecies. One of these, Achlyonice longicornis spec. nov., is new to science, while all others have been described earlier: Deima validum validum Théel, 1879, Psychropotes semperiana Théel, 1882, Peniagone purpurea (Théel, 1882), Molpadiodemas atlanticus (R. Perrier, 1898), Molpadia liska Pawson, 1977, Protankyra brychia (Verrill, 1885), Siniotrochus myriodontus Gage & Billett, 1986 and Neolepidotrochus parvidiscus angolensis Bohn, 2005. All species collected are described and their known distributions are given. Finally, two crinoids and 21 holothurian species, so far known from the abyssal Angola Basin, are listed and their zoogeographical relationships are discussed.
Redescription of Kalliapseudes obtusifrons (Haswell, 1882), from Southeast Australia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Apseudomorpha: Kalliapseudidae), with the designation of a lectotype
Authors: DRUMM DAVID T. , HEARD RICHARD W.
Published: May 2019

Kalliapseudes obtusifrons (Haswell) is redescribed and referred to the genus Kalliapseudes sensu stricto. It can be distinguished from the other members of the genus by the nature of the ventral spines on the propodus of pereopods IV and V, the dorsal setation of the merus and the armature on the dactylus of pereopod VI. A key to the four species of the genus Kalliapseudes known from Australian waters is presented.