bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsive mathematics teaching and mathematics teacher noticing: a systematic review in early childhood and primary education
Authors: Alsina Ángel , Pincheira Nataly , Barquero Berta , Sellas Isabel , Marimon-Martí Marta
Published: February 2025

At a time when more student-centred teaching methodologies are being introduced, it is essential to investigate how educational research in teacher professional development has progressed. In this study, we focus especially on mathematics teaching to promote responsive teaching and noticing since both practices place students in the foreground in the teaching and learning processes. To this end, we carried out a systematic review of research articles published between 2010 and 2023 in the Web of Science and Scopus databases on responsive teaching and noticing in mathematics teacher education programmes of early childhood and primary school levels. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, 40 articles were identified. The general results show that the most productive countries were the United States, Spain and Australia; that the most addressed mathematical contents were those related to the teaching of numbers, operations and their properties; that there are more studies focused on primary school than on preschool; and that most studies used qualitative methodologies. The specific results show that the research topics focus on three aspects: teachers’ decision-making in relation to culturally responsive mathematics teaching; the identification of general characteristics of the noticing competence in mathematics teaching; and the specific development of professional noticing skills.
The association between inflammatory markers, walking speed, and metabolic syndrome in older Chinese adults
Authors: Dai Dabing , Zhao Lican , Li Shuai , Xu Yu , Du Aiping
Published: February 2025

Objective

As China’s ageing process accelerates, the annual prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among older Chinese adults continues to rise. This study seeks to assess the relationship between inflammatory markers, walking pace, and MetS in old Chinese adults.

Methods

This study utilised a cross-sectional design, drawing on data from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted by Peking University, encompassing 3587 older adults aged over 60. Data regarding inflammatory markers (CRP), walking speed, and variables associated with MetS (including waist circumference and blood pressure) were gathered. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between CRP, walking speed, and MetS.

Results

In a cohort of 3587 older Chinese adults, slower walking speed (β = 0.414) and elevated CRP levels (β = 0.209) were significantly correlated with MetS, with the association persisting after controlling for confounding variables. Furthermore, females, urban residents, individuals with a higher BMI, and smokers exhibited an increased risk of developing MetS.

Conclusion

Walking speed and CRP levels are critical determinants in evaluating the risk of MetS in older adults; improving walking speed and mitigating inflammation may contribute to a decreased risk of MetS.
Quantum Dots Mediated Crystallization Enhancement in Two-Step Processed Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Heng , Jin Geyu , Wang Jiantao , Zhang Weihai , Qing Long , Zhang Yao , Lu Qiongqiong , Yue Pengfei , Zhang Guoshang , Wei Jing , Li Hongbo , Wang Hsing-Lin
Published: February 2025

Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells, yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability. This study investigates the use of perovskite quantum dots (QDs) as crystallization seeds to enhance the quality of FAPbI3 perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We demonstrate that CsPbI3 and CsPbBr3 QDs effectively guide the crystallization process, leading to the formation of larger crystals with preferential orientations, particularly the (001) and (002) planes, which are associated with reduced defect densities. This seed-mediated growth strategy resulted in PSCs with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 24.75% and 24.11%, respectively, compared to the baseline efficiency of 22.05% for control devices. Furthermore, devices incorporating QD-treated perovskite films exhibited remarkable stability, maintaining over 80% of their initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated sunlight exposure, a significant improvement over the control. Detailed optoelectronic characterization revealed reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge transport in QD-treated devices. These findings highlight the potential of QDs as a powerful tool to improve perovskite crystallization, facet orientation, and overall device performance, offering a promising route to enhance both efficiency and stability in PSCs.
LONGEST CYCLES AND LONGEST CHORDLESS CYCLES IN
$2$
-CONNECTED GRAPHS
Authors: HU YANAN , LI CHENGLI , LIU FENG
Published: February 2025

Thomassen’s chord conjecture from 1976 states that every longest cycle in a

$3$

-connected graph has a chord. The circumference

$c(G)$

and induced circumference

$c'(G)$

of a graph G are the length of its longest cycles and the length of its longest chordless cycles, respectively. Harvey [‘A cycle of maximum order in a graph of high minimum degree has a chord’, Electron. J. Combin.24(4) (2017), Article no. 4.33, 8 pages] proposed the stronger conjecture: every

$2$

-connected graph G with minimum degree at least

$3$

has

$c(G)\geq c'(G)+2$

. This conjecture implies Thomassen’s chord conjecture. We observe that wheels are the unique Hamiltonian graphs for which the circumference and the induced circumference differ by exactly one. Thus, we need only consider non-Hamiltonian graphs for Harvey’s conjecture. We propose a conjecture involving wheels that is equivalent to Harvey’s conjecture on non-Hamiltonian graphs. A graph is

$\ell $

-holed if all its holes have length exactly

$\ell $

. We prove that Harvey’s conjecture and hence also Thomassen’s conjecture hold for

$\ell $

-holed graphs and graphs with a small induced circumference.
LINEAR SYSTEMS OF GEOMETRICALLY IRREDUCIBLE PLANE CUBICS OVER FINITE FIELDS
Authors: ASGARLI SHAMIL , GHIOCA DRAGOS
Published: February 2025

We examine the maximum dimension of a linear system of plane cubic curves whose

$\mathbb {F}_q$

-members are all geometrically irreducible. Computational evidence suggests that such a system has a maximum (projective) dimension of

$3$

. As a step towards the conjecture, we prove that there exists a three-dimensional linear system

$\mathcal {L}$

with at most one geometrically reducible

$\mathbb {F}_q$

-member.
Naming North Africans in Latin Christian Chronicles from Medieval Iberia
Authors: Snowden Emma
Published: February 2025

This article examines the words used by Christian chroniclers in medieval Iberia to refer to North Africans. Following the Islamic conquests of the Peninsula in the early eighth century, Iberian Christians increasingly associated North Africans with Islam – and, conversely, Muslims with North Africa. I demonstrate that the term “Moor” reflected a growing tendency over the Middle Ages to collapse religious identity and geographical origins, and further suggest that it was racialized in various ways. In other cases, chroniclers employed scriptural identifiers like “Moabite” and “Hagarene” to distinguish between Muslims from North Africa and those from Iberia. While such terms acknowledged a measure of geopolitical specificity in the present, they simultaneously asserted a kinship between contemporary Muslims and ancient biblical peoples, casting them as religious others, denying their coevalness with Christians, and further racializing them. Finally, I discuss the use of the word “barbarian,” which was sometimes applied to Muslims in general, but was occasionally used to refer to North Africans in particular, drawing on Arabic usage to associate barbarity and lack of civilization with North Africa. Ultimately, I argue that the application of such labels to North Africans and Muslims functioned to displace them geographically and temporally, serving Iberian Christian colonizing impulses and projects over time.
ONCE MORE UNTO THE BREACH: MESOSTIC AND EPITAPH IN CATULLUS POEM 60
Authors: Hawkins Shane
Published: February 2025

In addition to the acrostic–telestic combination natu ceu aes ‘from birth like bronze’, Catullus poem 60 contains the earliest attested Latin mesostic (mi pia ‘dutiful to me’), which runs down its caesuras. The use of pius anticipates the language of aristocratic obligation that is used of Lesbia in the epigrams and is perhaps also a wordplay on the praenomen of Clodia’s father, Appius. The complex acrostics and the syntax of mi pia, along with the setting of poem 59 (in sepulcretis), suggest that poem 60 can be read as a literary epitaph. Additional closural elements in the poem include an allusion to Callimachus and a sphragis in the form of a play on the author’s name.
Plant variety selection using interaction classes derived from Factor Analytic Linear Mixed Models: models with information on genetic relatedness
Authors: Smith Alison B. , Shunmugam Arun S. K. , Butler David G. , Cullis Brian R.
Published: February 2025

The concept of interaction classes (iClasses) for multi-environment trial data was introduced to address the problem of summarising variety performance across environments in the presence of variety by environment interaction (VEI). The approach involves the fitting of a factor analytic linear mixed model (FALMM), with the resultant estimates of factor loadings being used to form groups of environments (iClasses) that discriminate varieties with different patterns of VEI. It is then meaningful to summarise variety performance across environments within iClasses. The iClass methodology was developed with respect to a FALMM in which the genetic effects for different varieties were assumed independent. This was done for pedagogical reasons but it was pointed out that the accuracy of variety selection is greatly enhanced by considering the genetic relatedness of varieties, either via ancestral or genomic information. The focus of the current paper is therefore to extend the iClass approach for FALMMs which incorporate such information. In addition a measure of stability of variety performance across iClasses is defined. The utility of the approach for variety selection is illustrated using a multi-environment trial dataset from the lentil breeding program operated by Agriculture Victoria.
The role of trauma, attachment, and voice-hearer’s appraisals: a latent profile analysis in the AVATAR2 trial
Authors: Marotti Julia , Saunders Rob , Montague Alice , Fornells-Ambrojo Miriam
Published: February 2025

Background

There is evidence that attachment, trauma, and voice appraisals individually impact voice hearing in psychosis, but their intersectional relationship has not been examined. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups of individuals from the intersectional relationship between these factors and examine differences between subgroups on clinical outcomes.

Methods

A latent profile analysis was conducted on baseline data from the AVATAR2 trial (n = 345), to identify statistically distinct subgroups of individuals with psychosis who hear distressing voices based on co-occurring patterns of trauma, fearful attachment, and voice appraisals. The association between profile membership and demographic characteristics, voice severity, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, emotional distress, and difficulties with motivation and pleasure was then examined. Experts by experience were consulted throughout the process.

Results

Four profiles were identified: ‘adverse voices and relational trauma’, ‘low malevolent and omnipotent voices’, ‘adverse voices yet low relational trauma’, and ‘high benevolent voices’. Negative voice appraisals occurred in the presence of high and low trauma and attachment adversities. The first profile was associated with being female and/or other non-male genders and had worse voice severity and emotional distress. High adversities and worse emotional distress occurred in the presence of voice benevolence and engagement. Black and South Asian ethnicities were not associated with specific profiles.

Conclusions

The identified profiles had negative and positive voice appraisals associated with higher and lower occurrence of adversities, and different clinical outcomes. These profiles could inform detailed case formulations that could tailor interventions for voice hearers.
Towards the decipherment of Thamudic D: an identification of new glyphs and phoneme values
Authors: Al-Jallad Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The Thamudic D script is only partially deciphered. This article attempts to advance our understanding of the script by identifying all the Thamudic D glyphs and their phonemic values with varying degrees of certainty. It also discusses the major writing formulae associated with this script type and offers a few notes on the language it inscribes.
Room-temperature X-ray powder diffraction data for bosentan monohydrate
Authors: Toro Robert A. , Dugarte-Dugarte Analio J. , Henao José A. , Díaz de Delgado Graciela , Delgado José M.
Published: February 2025

The room-temperature X-ray powder diffraction data for bosentan monohydrate, an API used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, is presented. Bosentan monohydrate is monoclinic, P21/c (No. 14), with unit cell parameters a = 12.4520(7) Å, b = 15.110(1) Å, c = 15.0849(9) Å, β = 95.119(5)°, V = 2827.0(3) Å3, Z = 4. All the diffraction maxima recorded were indexed and are consistent with the P21/c space group. The crystal structure of this material corresponds to the phase associated with Cambridge Structural Database entry NEQHEY, which was determined at 123 K. The successful Rietveld refinement, carried out with TOPAS-Academic, showed the single-phase nature of the material and the good quality of the data. A comprehensive analysis of intra- and intermolecular interactions corroborates that the structure is dominated by extensive hydrogen bonding, accompanied by C▬H⋯π and π⋯π interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots indicate that the most important interactions are H⋯H and O⋯H/H⋯O in bosentan and the water molecule and C⋯H/H⋯C interactions in bosentan.
Historical Usage of Europeanization in Academic Discourse
Authors: Jano Dorian
Published: February 2025

This article advances the ‘historical turn’ in Europeanization research by tracing the intellectual trajectory of Europeanization within the broader intellectual movements and debates. Using collocation and temporal analyses, the study identifies key patterns and significant shifts in the usage of Europeanization in social-humanities discourse over the past century. Initially, Europeanization referred to outward cultural changes, later evolving into a more inward-looking focus on policy and politics. Europeanization emerges as a multifaceted, multidirectional, and often contested process, marked by reversibility and adaptability. It is best understood as a complex, long-term, and non-linear process of interaction and diffusion, spanning racial, cultural, social, economic, political, as well as spatial and historical dimensions.
The crosstalk between CREB and PER2 mediates the transition between mania- and depression-like behavior
Authors: Wang Xin-Ling , Ji Yan-Bin , Li Su-Xia , Serchov Tsvetan
Published: February 2025

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating manic and depressive episodes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the transition between mania and depression remain unclear. Utilizing a mania animal model induced by ouabain, we observed reduced phosphorylated level of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (pCREB) and Period (PER)2 expression in the cornu ammonis (CA1) region of the hippocampus, which were restored by lithium treatment. shRNA knockdown of CREB or Per2 in CA1 region induced mania-like behavior, while overexpression of both factors resulted in depression-like behavior. Furthermore, our protein analyses revealed that the upregulation or downregulation of CREB or Per2 influenced each other’s expression. Co-immunoprecipitation results demonstrated that CREB interacts with PER2. Taken together, our data suggest for potential inter-regulatory crosstalk between CREB–PER2 in hippocampal CA1 region, which mediates the transition between mania- and depression-like behaviors.
Hypoxia-induced ATF3 escalates breast cancer invasion by increasing collagen deposition via P4HA1
Authors: Dhamdhere Shruti Ganesh , Bansal Anamika , Singh Pranjal , Kakani Parik , Agrawal Shruti , Samaiya Atul , Shukla Sanjeev
Published: February 2025

Activating transcription factors (ATFs), members of the adaptive-response gene family, participate in cellular processes to aid adaptations in response to extra and/or intracellular changes. In this study, we observed that one of the ATFs, Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), is upregulated under hypoxia via alterations in the epigenetic landscape of its promoter, followed by transcriptional upregulation. Under hypoxic conditions, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1ɑ) alleviates methylation at the ATF3 promoter by recruiting TET1 and induces ATF3 transcription. In addition, our RNA-seq analysis showed that ATF3 globally affects transcription under hypoxia and controls the processes of EMT and cancer invasion by stimulating the transcription of Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Subunit Alpha 1 (P4HA1), an enzyme which enhances invasion-conducive extracellular matrix (ECM) under hypoxic conditions. Prolyl hydroxylases play a critical role in the hydroxylation and deposition of collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) during the evolution of cancer, which is necessary for metastasis. Importantly, P4HA1 undergoes alternative splicing under hypoxia, where the inclusion of exon 9a is increased. Interestingly, involvement of ATF3 in P4HA1 splicing was also evident, as binding of ATF3 at intron 9a led to demethylation of this DNA region via recruitment of TET1. Furthermore, we also show that the demethylated DNA region of intron 9a then becomes accessible to CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). Thus, a cascade of demethylation via ATF3 recruited TET1, followed by increased RNA Pol II pause at intron 9a via CTCF, leads to inclusion of exon 9a. The P4HA1 9a isoform leads to enhanced invasion under hypoxic conditions by increasing deposition of collagen in the ECM. These results reveal a novel hypoxia-induced HIF1ɑ-ATF3-P4HA1 axis which can potentially be exploited as a therapeutic target to impede EMT and ultimately breast cancer invasion.
The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
Authors: Tian Yao , Torres-Flores Andrea P. , Shang Qi , Zhang Hui , Khursheed Anum , Tahirbegi Bogachan , Pallier Patrick N. , Viles John H.
Published: February 2025

The p3 peptides, Aβ17-40/42, are a common alternative cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein, and are found in diffuse amyloid deposits of Alzheimer’s and Down Syndrome brains. The p3 peptides have been mis-named ‘non-amyloidogenic’. Here we show p340/42 peptides rapidly form amyloid fibrils, with kinetics dominated by secondary nucleation. Importantly, cross-seeding experiments, with full-length Aβ induces a strong nucleation between p3 and Aβ peptides. The cross-seeding interaction is highly specific, and occurs only when the C-terminal residues are matched. We have imaged membrane interactions with p3, and monitored Ca2+ influx and cell viability with p3 peptide. Together this data suggests the N-terminal residues influence, but are not essential for, membrane disruption. Single particle analysis of TEM images indicates p3 peptides can form ring-like annular oligomers. Patch-clamp electrophysiology, shows p342 oligomers are capable of forming large ion-channels across cellular membranes. A role for p3 peptides in disease pathology should be considered as p3 peptides are cytotoxic and cross-seed Aβ fibril formation in vitro.
Impact of the dispersive patch placement on dissipated power in radiofrequency ablation for pulmonary vein isolation via a virtual patient study
Authors: Anees Minha , Moreno Weidmann Zoraida , Viladés Medel David , Guerra Jose M. , Gerardo-Giorda Luca , Petras Argyrios
Published: February 2025

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive technique for treating arrhythmias by interrupting abnormal electrical signals in the heart. Through a catheter tip, it delivers an alternating current that flows through the heart muscle tissue and the blood to a dispersive patch on the patient’s skin. This study aims to test the hypothesis that the placement of the dispersive patch affects the efficacy and safety of RFA. By optimizing the patch position, the procedure could be made more effective and less risky for patients. A 3D in-silico model, based on patient imaging data, was developed to examine the effects of dispersive patch (DP) positioning on electric field distribution within cardiac tissue and the torso during RFA. We conducted 80 computer simulations using a CT-segmented torso model, exploring various DP and electrode configurations while applying standard (25 W) and high (90 W) power settings. For each configuration, we assessed the effectiveness of the DP in delivering power to cardiac tissue near the electrode. The main finding indicates that DP efficacy is significantly influenced by the current delivered to cardiac tissue. Notably, using an anterior patch during ablation proved more effective for the posterior left atrium compared to a posterior patch.
A CRISPR/Cas13a-based and hybridization chain reaction coupled evanescent wave biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 gene detection
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Yikan , Yi Zhihao , Han Shitong
Published: February 2025

Timely and accurate diagnosis of RNA viruses, represented by the SARS-CoV-2, is the foundation for protecting people from health threats. Currently, direct detection of viral RNA genes remains the most...
Benign Mid-Gap Halide Vacancy States in 2D Bismuth-Based Halide Perovskite Microcrystals for Enhanced Broadband Photodetectors
Authors: Singh Kuntal , Hossain Mozakkar , Nayak Pabitra Kumar , KARMAKAR SOUGATA , Tripathi Akash , Sarkar Prakash , Rudra Pratyasha , Muhammed Ali A V , Grandhi G. Krishnamurthy , Vivo Paola , Mondal Swastik , Adarsh K. V. , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Rao K. D. M.
Published: February 2025

Lead halide perovskites are widely recognized for their exceptional defect tolerance, setting the benchmark for high-performance optoelectronic applications. Conversely, low-toxicity perovskite-inspired materials (PIMs) typically exhibit suboptimal optoelectronic performance, primarily due...
Tuning the Electronic Properties of ZnO Nanofilms via Strain-induced Structural Phase Transformations and Quantum Confinement
Authors: Morales Raul , Bromley Stefan T. , Demiroglu Ilker , Viñes Francesc
Published: February 2025

ZnO nanostructures have huge potential in a wide range of technologies, including photocatalysis, optoelectronics, and energy harvesting. ZnO commonly exhibits the wurtzite polymorphic phase (wz-ZnO), and one of the few...
Covalent Functionalization Of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides With Perylene For Light Harvesting Devices
Authors: Canton Vitoria Ruben , MATSUNAGA Yuki , Shaochun Zhang , Xue Mengsong , Osada Minoru , Kitaura Ryo
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the optical and electronic properties of eight two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs)—MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2, MoTe2, WTe2, MoO2, and WO2—covalently functionalized with perylene, forming zero-dimensional/two-dimensional hybrid materials....
Achieving high-performance parameters in NASICON-polymer composite electrolyte-based solid-state supercapacitors by interface modification
Authors: Neha  , Dalvi Anshuman
Published: February 2025

The present study reveals a strategy to enhance the performance of solid-state supercapacitors based on activated carbon electrodes and a Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) dispersed fast ionic solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
Moderate-temperature fabrication of BaZrS3 thin films via dithiocarbamate-based solution processing and oxygen-sink boron sulfurization
Authors: Lee Jaewook , Ha Neul , Jung Jisu , Lee GwangHee , Barma Sunil V. , Kim Jae-Hwan , Kim Jung Kyu , Jo Sae Byeok , Lee Jin-Wook , Yang Wooseok
Published: February 2025

Chalcogenide perovskites are increasingly recognized as promising light-absorbing materials because of their low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and abundance. In this class, BaZrS3 is particularly attractive because of its outstanding optoelectronic properties....
Gel Electrolyte Interdigitation Enables Stable High Areal Capacity Cycling of the 3D Zn Electrode
Authors: Shang Yuan , Kokate Ravindra , Tung Patrick , Zhong Haoyin , Lizundia Erlantz , Trujillo Francisco J. , Kumar Priyank Vijaya , Kundu Dipan
Published: February 2025

Inferior rechargeability of the metallic zinc anode, especially under high areal capacities and moderate to high current densities, remains a significant bottleneck for developing scalable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. While three-dimensional...
Solvent-mediated subcomponent self-assembly of covalent metallacycles for hierarchical porous materials synthesis
Authors: Li Zhi-Wei , Huang Anlian , Wang Zhenguo , Gao Rui , Lan Bang , Chen Guosheng , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: February 2025

We report a solvent-mediated subcomponent self-assembly strategy for synthesizing tetranuclear and triangular covalent metallacycles. The results demonstrate that the polarity of solvent significantly influences the structural outcome of metallacycles, and...
Interface-driven spin filtering and diode effects in van der Waals junctions based on magnetic metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Ge Ming-Qiang , Liu Zi-Qiang , Chen Tong , Xu Liang , Huang Lin
Published: February 2025

Modulating the interface between the molecule and electrode is an effective way to enhance the spin-polarized transport properties of molecular junctions. In this study, using first-principles calculations combined with the...
Influence of heterogeneous layers of graphene oxide on bottom-connected organic field effect transistors
Authors: Su Heping , Lu Xi , Wang Chenxue , Wang Lijuan
Published: February 2025

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with a bottom-contact structure and a heterojunction layer of graphene oxide (GO) were investigated. GO films of different concentrations were prepared on gold electrodes using the...
Orthogonal Tandem Catalysis involving Au(I)-Hydroacyloxylation and Rh(I)-Hydroformylation reactions
Authors: Salvi Ervan , Galéa Roméric , Van Wesemael Camille , Wagner Patrick , Girard Nicolas , Blond Gaëlle
Published: February 2025

We report an Orthogonal Tandem Catalysis (OTC) involving Au(I)-hydroacyloxylation and Rh(I)-hydroformylation highlighting their compatibility when these metals are employed in a reaction of homogeneous catalysis. Moreover, this OTC allows the...
Study of the modification of in-depth relative permeability modifier (RPM) by graft zeolite copolymers for conformance control
Authors: Raya Sofiah Atirah , Saaid Ismail Mohd , Mohshim Dzeti Farhah , A Razak Ahmad Amirhilmi
Published: February 2025

In this energy region, bands from grafted bentonite have lower values of transmittance (%) and downward spikes and thus a higher absorption peak than pure bentonite. This spectrum demonstrates that polymers are appropriately located on the surface of bentonite particles.
Dispersive Pd islands-deposited Au nanorods for in situ SERS monitoring of catalytic reaction
Authors: Lu Wenjing , Jiang Yurui , Yao Xiaobin , Yu Yan , Shen Wei , Yang Meng , Huang Xingjiu , Tang Xianghu
Published: February 2025

Here, dispersive Pd islands were deposited on AuNRs, showing bifunctional performance of SERS and catalytic activity. This AuNR@Pd islands highlights the importance of substrate regulation for in situ SERS and catalysis in related fields.
Harnessing transient CAAC-stabilized mesitylborylenes for chalcogen activation
Authors: Michel Maximilian , Endres Lukas , Fantuzzi Felipe , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger
Published: February 2025

Newly synthesized adducts of CAAC-bound mesitylborylene with carbon monoxide (CO) and trimethylphosphine (PMe3) are established as efficient precursors for the in situ generation of the dicoordinate borylene [(CAAC)BMes] (CAAC =...
Enhancing TADF Emission and Mitigating Efficiency Roll-Off in OLEDs via Reasonable Tetrahydroquinoxaline-Integrated Organo-Boron Based Emitters
Authors: Xie Hongwei , Li Mengke , Li Zhizhi , Chen Zijian , Yang Zhihai , Liu Kunkun , Su Shi-Jian
Published: February 2025

Multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are promising for efficient narrowband organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but device efficiency roll-off remains a significant challenge. This study introduces three emitters, DQBN,...
Exploring the potential of fullerenes in food and agriculture
Authors: Gavrilov Alexander N. , Gladkikh Tatiana V. , Emelyanov Alexander E. , Ivanov Andrey V. , Bukuru Liz C. , Sukhanova Natalia V.
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the prospects of using fullerenes and their compounds in the food and agricultural sectors. The study considers the biological activity of fullerenes in relation to microorganisms and biological objects, and highlights their potential in creating materials with specific microbiological properties and radioprotective capabilities relevant to food preservation and agricultural applications. The potential of hydrated fullerene solutions to enhance biological activity in nutrient media, promoting plant growth and crop quality, is also explored. Furthermore, the research examines the features of plasma synthesis of fullerenes essential for reinforcing polymer composite materials used in food packaging and agricultural equipment. A functional scheme of an automated control system for fullerene synthesis is presented, which ensures high parameter stability, real-time monitoring, and control of technological parameters, leading to maximized production of homogeneous nanostructured carbon material.
Use of extruded lupin in feeding young quails
Authors: Kasanova Nadiya , Gainullina Munira , Prosvirnikov Dmitry , Tuntsev Denis , Golovkova Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

In this study, the effect of feeding extruded white lupine seeds of Dega variety on the productive performance and physiological condition of young quails was investigated. The experiment was conducted on 160 quails of Texas breed, which were divided into 2 groups. The first group was fed extruded soybean seeds (control) as a part of mixed fodder, in the diets of the second group soybean was replaced by extruded white lupine seeds equivalent in protein. During the period of quail rearing, daily records of feed digestibility and physiological condition of birds were made, weekly weighing and weight of quails were determined. To study the physiological condition of experimental birds, morphological and biochemical blood parameters were determined. As a result of the experiment it was found that inclusion of extruded white lupine seeds in the diet promoted a reliable increase in body weight of quails by 2.6% (p≥0.05), while feed costs per unit of gain decreased by 3.4%. In the blood of quails, haemoglobin level and haematocrit increased by 9.8 and 21.8% (p≥0.05), indicating oxygen saturation of blood cells. The enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphate by 18.6%, ALT by 74.3%, AST by 17.8%, GGT by 59.6% decreased in blood, indicating normal metabolism in the body of young quails.
Artificial meat in the structure of halal meat products: Legislative and legal status, technologies, Russian and international experience
Authors: Gilmutdinov Rustam Y. , Gilmutdinov Daniyar R. , Galiullin Albert K. , Volkov Ali H. , Shalamova Guzel G.
Published: February 2025

The issue of halal certification of meat and, in particular, “artificial” meat is quite relevant. If it has been solved in principle for traditional variants of meat and meat products, the appearance on the market of a new form of meat, artificially grown in laboratory conditions, implies significant changes in the legislative and legal status of this product. Moreover, the requirements for both certification and improvement of its production technology need to be adapted. There are certain successes in both directions. This paper analyzes the level of solution of this issue in Russia and abroad.
Technological modernisation of the Russian agro-industrial complex
Authors: Astanakulov Komil , Tatarintsev Vladimir L. , Nuriddinov Jasurbek , Mukumova Feruza , Allaberdiyeva Kumri , Suyunova Zamira
Published: February 2025

The analysis of the problems of technical and technological modernisation of the agroindustrial complex of Russia is carried out. It reveals a significant lag behind the world leaders. The analysis is based on statistical data and scientific publications, focusing on technical equipment, introduction of innovations, and production efficiency. It is found that the country’s agriculture is characterised by an outdated material and technical base, low level of automation, inefficient use of energy resources and slow implementation of advanced technologies such as precision farming. This leads to lower labour productivity, higher production costs and, as a consequence, low competitiveness. The study also revealed a shortage of skilled labour and insufficient funding for research and development, as well as dependence on imported machinery. The authors stress the need for a comprehensive approach to modernisation, including technical re-equipment, introduction of modern technologies and development of human capital.
Discussion on the Determination Methods for Crack Width Collection Capacity of Highway Pavement
Authors: Wang Meixia , Zhang Zhenwei , Hou Zhaohan , Jin Mingyang , Ji Ao
Published: February 2025

This paper summarizes the main detection technologies for highway pavement cracks and the judgment methods for crack width, and introduces the existing evaluation standards and metrological verification systems. For the acquisition of pavement crack width, linear array equipment is mainly used, and the judgment of its acquisition ability is based on pavement images, mainly adopting the manual interpretation method. Automatic identification and judgment still need further research and demonstration. This paper looks forward to the development trend of the judgment method for highway pavement crack width acquisition ability in the future, aiming to improve the automation degree of pavement crack width judgment, optimize equipment performance, and ensure that the collected data can better provide references for highway maintenance and management.
Study on the effect of alkali activated slag cement solidification on dredging sediment
Authors: Xu Yanping , Li An , Fan Zhihong
Published: February 2025

The massive dredging of silt and soft soil has caused serious environmental problems. Carrying out the resource utilization of silt can turn waste into treasure, improve the utilization rate of solid waste, and achieve the goal of energy conservation, emission reduction, and efficiency improvement. The solidification of dredged sediment with a moisture content of 50% was carried out using pure cement, cement+mineral powder, cement+mineral powder+alkali activator, and the effect was compared based on the 28 day unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil as the main indicator. The results showed that the strength of cement-based solidified soil with composite mineral powder was significantly higher than that of pure cement solidified soil, and the unconfined compressive strength of solidified soil at 28 days was the highest when the mineral powder content was 6%; The strength of alkali activated mineral powder cement stabilized soil is significantly higher than that of cement-based stabilized soil. The contribution of alkali activators to the strength of stabilized soil is ranked in descending order as lithium silicate>sodium silicate>potassium silicate. However, considering the overall cost, sodium silicate is the better choice, and when the modulus of alkali activator is 1.2 and the dosage is 5%, the unconfined compressive strength of stabilized soil at 28 days is the highest.
„Wir möchten auch ältere Menschen mit Stil unterstützen“ – Adaptives Modelabel
Authors: Stemp Eva-Maria
Published: February 2025

Ulrike Vollmoeller und Frida Lüth sind die Gründerinnen des Start-up-Modelabels IRIS&FRED. Ihr Ziel ist es, stilvolle Kleidung für Menschen mit Bewegungseinschränkungen anzubieten. Im Interview erzählen sie, wie ihre Kleidung im Alltag hilft, Selbstständigkeit zu erhalten, und warum Ergotherapeut*innen für ihre Arbeit eine wichtige Rolle spielen könnten.
Von Berlinern mit Senf, Rehareisen und Kommunikationsbrücken – ergotage 2025
Authors: Gätz Natalie , Müller Julia
Published: February 2025

Vom 31. Januar bis zum 2. Februar 2025 fanden die ergotage im Rahmen der therapro in Stuttgart statt. Wir blicken zurück auf drei Tage voller spannender Vorträge, inspirierender Gespräche und fachlichem Austausch.
Gesetze, Beschlüsse, Interessenkonflikte – So funktioniert Gesundheitspolitik
Authors: Czernik Claudia
Published: February 2025

Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss, Kassenärztliche Vereinigung, Gesundheitsausschuss – schon mal gehört? Super! Wissen Sie auch, was sie mit Therapeut*innen zu tun haben? Die neue Artikelserie erklärt in fünf Teilen, warum es sich lohnt, die Grundzüge der Gesundheitspolitik zu verstehen und wo Sie sich aktiv einbringen können.
Mehr als ein Forschungsinstrument: Einsatz des Rupture Resolution
Rating Systems (3RS) in der berufsqualifizierenden Tätigkeit
Authors: Tewes Markus , Waller Emma-Luisa , Kaiser Tim , Brakemeier Eva-Lotta
Published: February 2025

Das Erkennen und der adäquate Umgang mit Problemen in der therapeutischen
Beziehung gelten als zentrale Kompetenzen von Psychotherapeut*innen. Ziel
dieser Studie war es daher, ein Konzept für den Einsatz eines
Fremdbeobachtungsverfahrens zur Beurteilung und Klassifikation von
Allianzbrüchen in die berufsqualifizierende Tätigkeit II des neuen
Approbationsstudiengangs zu überprüfen.

In einem 7-stündigen Seminar lernten Studierende die Anwendung des Rupture
Resolution Rating Systems (3RS) sowie zentrale Reparaturstrategien für
Allianzbrüche kennen. Zur Evaluation wurden ein Fragebogen zu den
potenziellen positiven Effekten des 3RS und ein Seminarevaluationsbogen
eingesetzt. Zudem wurden auf Grundlage einer Rollenspielübung Videoanalysen
mit dem 3RS durchgeführt, um Veränderungen in Bezug auf den Umgang mit
Allianzbrüchen bei den Studierenden zu erfassen.

An dem 3RS-Seminar nahmen N=35 Studierende teil. Die Anwendung des 3RS wurde
von den Studierenden als hilfreich bewertet, um unter anderem Probleme in
der therapeutischen Allianz besser zu erkennen (74% Zustimmung) und in
Zukunft adäquat mit diesen umgehen zu können (91% Zustimmung). An der
Rollenspielübung beteiligten sich n=8 Studierende. Von diesen zeigten n=3
(37,5%) eine Verbesserung der Effektivität ihrer Reparaturstrategien,
während bei den übrigen Teilnehmer*innen keine Veränderung (n=2, 25%) oder
eine Abnahme der Effektivität (n=3, 37,5%) festgestellt wurde.

Das 3RS scheint sich über den Forschungskontext hinaus zur Vermittlung
zentraler Aspekte der therapeutischen Beziehungsgestaltung zu eignen.
Darüber hinaus bietet es das Potenzial, individuelle Veränderung bei
(angehenden) Therapeut*innen aufzuzeigen, wobei für eine verlässliche
Bewertung jedoch eine bessere Standardisierung der Bewertungsgrundlage
erforderlich ist.
Improvement in adenoma detection rate by artificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy: Multicenter quasi-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lagström Ronja Maria Birgitta , Bräuner Karoline Bendix , Bielik Julia , Rosen Andreas Weinberger , Crone Julie Gräs , Gögenur Ismail , Bulut Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a key performance measure with variability among endoscopists. Artificial intelligence (AI) in colonoscopy could reduce this variability and has shown to improve ADR. This study assessed the impact of AI on ADR among Danish endoscopists of varying experience levels.

We conducted a prospective, quasi-randomized, controlled, multicenter trial involving patients aged 18 and older undergoing screening, surveillance, and diagnostic colonoscopy at four centers. Participants were assigned to AI-assisted colonoscopy (GI Genius, Medtronic) or conventional colonoscopy. Endoscopists were classified as experts (> 1000 colonoscopies) or non-experts (≤ 1000 colonoscopies). The primary outcome was ADR. We performed a subgroup analysis stratified on endoscopist experience and a subset analysis of the screening population.

A total of 795 patients were analyzed: 400 in the AI group and 395 in the control group. The AI group demonstrated a significantly higher ADR than the control group (59.1% vs. 46.6%, P < 0.001). The increase was significant among experts (59.9% vs. 47.3%, P < 0.002) but not among non-experts. AI assistance significantly improved ADR (74.4% vs. 58.1%, P = 0.003) in screening colonoscopies. Polyp detection rate (PDR) was also higher in the AI group (69.8% vs. 56.2%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the non-neoplastic resection rate (NNRR) (15.1% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.542).

AI-assisted colonoscopy significantly increased ADR by 12.5% overall, with a notable 16.3% increase in the screening population. The unchanged NNRR indicates that the higher PDR was due to increased ADR, not unnecessary resections.
Low-frequency plasma oscillations excited by phase-slip centers in the non-Josephson generation regime
Authors: Churilov G. E. , Dikin D. A. , Agafonov A. B. , Dmitriev V. M. , Zimmermann U. , Keck K.
Published: February 2025

It is found that the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the high-frequency signal generated by a non-Josephson oscillation of the electrical potential in the nonequilibrium region of phase-slip centers have a shape corresponding to a nonlinear resonance circuit distinguished by a low frequency (∼107−108 Hz) lying in the region of radiowaves. Calculations made by using the model proposed by Kadin, Smith, and Skocpol showed that the observed resonance is due to the excitation of low-frequency collective plasma oscillations about a phase-slip center. Thus, first experimental information is obtained about the existence of these oscillations predicted earlier in theoretical works.
3D printing-based photonic waveguides, fibers, and applications
Authors: Luo Yanhua , Chu Yushi , Zhang Jianzhong , Wen Jianxiang , Peng Gang-Ding
Published: February 2025

Along with the ever expanding frontiers of photonic applications as the world is fast advancing into the information era, there is a growing market for specialty photonic waveguides and fibers requiring sophisticated structures and materials that conventional manufacturing technologies meet great challenges and difficulties to accommodate. Advanced 3D printing or additive manufacturing possesses great flexibility in structure and diversity in material and is emerging as an essential alternative in developing novel specialty photonic waveguides, fibers, and devices for new photonic applications. This paper reviews 3D printing-based photonic waveguides, fibers, and their applications in terms of basic material and processing techniques, fundamental principles and mechanisms, current research and development, and remaining technical problems and challenges.
Noise-shaped hysteresis cycles of the AMOC under increasing CO2 forcing
Authors: Cini Matteo , Zappa Giuseppe , Ragone Francesco , Corti Susanna
Published: February 2025

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) stability landscape is commonly investigated with single-realization hysteresis diagrams driven by freshwater input in the North Atlantic Ocean. However, the effect of CO2 forcing on one side and the role of internal climate variability on the timing of tipping and the AMOC hysteresis on the other side remain less explored. Here, we address this gap by running three independent AMOC hysteresis simulations, consisting of a slow ramp-up plus ramp-down in the CO2 concentration (0.2 ppm/year) within the PlaSim-Large-Scale Geostrophic (LSG) intermediate complexity model. We show that the realizations of the CO2-driven hysteresis cycle, and particularly, the timing of the tipping and recovery, are remarkably affected by internal climate variability. In one of the three simulations, we even observe a reversed cycle, where the AMOC recovers at a higher CO2 level than at the collapse point. While statistical Early Warning Signals (EWSs) show some success in detecting the tipping points, we also find that the internal variability in the EWS considerably reduces the predictability of collapse and leads to false positives of an approaching AMOC tipping. We suggest that the AMOC collapse in the presence of internal climate variability may have characteristics that deviate substantially from the behavior seen in simple models and that caution is needed when interpreting results from a single-experiment realization. Our findings highlight the need for a probabilistic approach in defining a “safe operating space” for AMOC stability, since it might not be possible to define a single critical CO2 threshold to prevent AMOC collapse.
Boosting low-pressure reversible barocaloric effect in plastic crystal KPF6 through controlled particle size
Authors: Guan Ziqi , Bao Changjiang , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Zhao , Wang Haoyu , Zhang Kun , Wang Yanxu , Tang Yunlong , Li Bing
Published: February 2025

Plastic crystals have large entropy change during first-order phase transitions due to strong molecular orientation disorder and volume changes. This feature has revived interest in plastic crystals, as they have great potential in solid-state refrigeration applications induced by external pressure. However, the reversible barocaloric effect in most plastic crystals does not compare favorably with their isothermal entropy change. Here, we demonstrate that controlling the particle size of the plastic crystal KPF6 can help achieve a compromise between the phase transition resistance at grain boundaries and the phase transition correlation within grains and induce a giant reversible barocaloric effect at low pressure. In particular, the 75–150 μm plastic crystal KPF6 displays the lowest thermal hysteresis, with a giant reversible barocaloric entropy change of 50.0 J · kg−1 · K−1 under a pressure change of 40 MPa. The reversible barocaloric effect can be more than doubled by simply optimizing the microstructures of the plastic crystal KPF6. Our work provides an effective way to enhance the reversible barocaloric effect in plastic crystal materials. We also give insight into the physical mechanism that enhances the reversible barocaloric effect through transmission electron microscopy analysis.