bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of selenocarbamyl fluorides, selenoureas and their derivatives with [Me4N][SeCF3]
Authors: Liu Lei , Ran Long-Yu , Gu Yucheng , Zhang Cheng-Pan
Published: August 2021

[Me4N][SeCF3] has proved to be an excellent precursor of Se=CF2 for amines in the preparation of selenocarbamoyl fluorides, selenoureas, and their derivatives under catalyst- and additive-free conditions, which are otherwise difficult to synthesize by other methods.
Controllable Z/E-selective synthesis of α-amino-ketoximes from N-nitrososulfonamides and aryl alkenes under neutral conditions
Authors: Yuan Pan-Feng , Huang Tao , He Jian , Huang Xie-Tian , Jin Xiao-Ling , Sun Chunlin , Wu Li-Zhu , Liu Qiang
Published: August 2021

An amidoximation of alkenes with N-nitrososulfonamides enabled by triplet energy transfer under neutral conditions is presented. Both (Z)- and (E)-α-amino-ketoximes are selectively accessible depending on the triplet energy of the photosensitizer.
Analysing cation-modified magnetic perovskites A2SnFeO6(A = Ca, Ba): a DFT study
Authors: Khandy Saveer Ahmad , Gupta Dinesh C.
Published: August 2021

Double perovskite compounds crystallize in a cubic geometry. The larger cation A (Ca, Ba) with 12-fold coordination resides at the centre. The B (Sr) and B′ (Fe) atoms are inside octahedral cages surrounded by the neighbouring X (O) atoms at corner positions.
tert-Butyloxycarbonyl-protected amino acid ionic liquids and their application to dipeptide synthesis
Authors: Chen Ming , Yu Xihan
Published: August 2021

Chemically protected amino acid ionic liquids are synthesized for the first time and employed as triple reactant/solvent/additives in a novel solid-phase peptide synthesis method.
Tuning the intrinsic catalytic activities of oxygen-evolution catalysts by doping: a comprehensive review
Authors: Ede Sivasankara Rao , Luo Zhiping
Published: August 2021

This review highlights doping effects on the intrinsic catalytic activities and oxygen evolution reaction mechanisms of state-of-the-art catalysts, including oxides, non-oxides and carbon-based catalysts, from experimental to theoretical studies.
Realization of robust mesoscale ionic diodes for ultrahigh osmotic energy generation at mild neutral pH
Authors: Tsai Pei-Ching , Su Yen-Shao , Gao Mengyao , Yeh Li-Hsien
Published: August 2021

A robust mesoscale ionic diode is realized with single 700–800 nm conical pores for ultrahigh-performance osmotic energy harvesting.
Self-assembled PEGylated amphiphilic polypeptides for gene transfection
Authors: Klemm Paul , Behnke Mira , Solomun Jana I. , Bonduelle Colin , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Traeger Anja , Schubert Stephanie
Published: August 2021

Three biodegradable block copolymers composed of a poly(ethylene glycol) block and a copolypeptide block with varying compositions of cationic l-lysine and hydrophobic benzyl-l-glutamate were designed for gene delivery applications.
Evolution of pronounced ferroelectricity in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2thin films scaled down to 3 nm
Authors: Wang Chin-I , Chen Hsin-Yang , Wang Chun-Yuan , Chang Teng-Jan , Jiang Yu-Sen , Chang Chih-Sheng , Chen Miin-Jang
Published: August 2021

Thickness dependent ferroelectric characteristics of HZO are systematically demonstrated down to 3 nm, exhibiting low operation voltage and high endurance.
Edge chemistry and tensile strain effects on the magnetic properties of 1D VSe2 structures
Authors: Chen H. L. , Zhang L. , Deng X. Q. , Sun L. , Zhang Z. H. , Fan Z. Q.
Published: August 2021

The first-principles calculations show that the simple edge chemistry can make VSe2 armchair ribbons generate various favorable magnetic phases, and the tensile strain can flexibly tune their magneto-electronic properties.
Development and validation of LRP1B mutation-associated prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jian , Shen Xiaomin , Zhang Bo , Su Rui , Cui Mingxuan , Yan Lihua , Cao Yu
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To develop a lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) gene mutation-based prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients risk prediction. Methods: The LRP1B gene mutation rate was calculated from HCC patient samples. Meanwhile, differentially expressed genes according to LRP1B mutant were screened out for prognostic model establishment. Based on this innovative model, HCC patients were categorized into high- and low-risk groups. The immune status including immune cell infiltration ratio and checkpoints have been explored in two groups. The functions of LRP1B and risk factors in the model were verified using both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results: It could be demonstrated that LRP1B was a potential negative predictor for HCC patients prognosis with high mutation frequency. The functions of LRP1B were verified with ELISA and Quantitative Real-time PCR method based on clinic-recruited HCC participants. Eleven genes displayed significant differences according to LRP1B status, which could better predict HCC patient prognosis. The functions of these genes were examined using HCC cell line HCCLM3, suggesting they played a pivotal role in determining HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. From the immune cell infiltration ratio analysis, there was a significant difference in the infiltration degree of seven types of immune cells and two immune checkpoints between high- and low-risk HCC patients. Conclusion: The present study hypothesized a potential prognostic biomarker and developed a novel LRP1B mutation-associated prognostic model for HCC, which provided a systematic reference for future understanding of clinical research.
Molecular subtyping of breast cancer intrinsic taxonomy with oligonucleotide microarray and NanoString nCounter
Authors: Chen Yen-Jen , Huang Ching-Shui , Phan Nam-Nhut , Lu Tzu-Pin , Liu Chih-Yi , Huang Chi-Jung , Chiu Jen-Hwey , Tseng Ling-Ming , Huang Chi-Cheng
Published: August 2021

Breast cancer intrinsic subtypes have been identified based on the transcription of a predefined gene expression (GE) profiles and algorithm (prediction analysis of microarray 50 gene set, PAM50). The present study compared molecular subtyping with oligonucleotide microarray and NanoString nCounter assay. A total of 109 Taiwanese breast cancers (24 with adjacent normal breast tissues) were assayed with Affymetrix Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 microarrays and 144 were assayed with the NanoString nCounter while 64 patients were assayed for both platforms. Subtyping with the nearest centroid (single sample prediction (SSP)) was performed, and 16 out of 24 (67%) matched normal breasts were categorized as the normal breast-like subtype. For 64 breast cancers assayed for both platforms, 41 (65%, one unclassified by microarray) were predicted with an identical subtype, resulting in a fair κ statistic of 0.60. Taking nCounter subtyping as the gold standard, prediction accuracy was 43% (3/7), 81% (13/16), 25% (5/20), and 100% (20/20) for basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor II (HER2)-enriched, luminal A and luminal B subtypes predicted from microarray GE profiles. Microarray identified more luminal B cases from luminal A subtype predicted by nCounter. It is not uncommon to use microarray for breast cancer molecular subtyping for research. Our study showed that fundamental discrepancy existed between distinct GE assays, and cross-platform equivalence should be carefully appraised when molecular subtyping was conducted with oligonucleotide microarray.
ImmTORTM to amplify the efficacy and reduce immunogenicity of biologics
Authors: Brunn Carsten , Kishimoto Takashi Kei
Published: August 2021

In recent months as vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus continue to rollout across the globe, there has been a renewed interest in ways to activate or ignite the immune system. For a vaccine to be effective, it must be immunogenic and specific to provoke the body's defenses to mount an effective response that protects the host from disease. However, there are other situations wherein the immune system mounts an unwanted immune response that can be detrimental to health, either directly, by causing an autoimmune disease, or indirectly, by compromising the safety and/or efficacy of biologic drugs. In these scenarios, it would be desirable to have a ‘tolerogenic vaccine’ that could selectively and effectively mitigate these unwanted immune responses. ImmTORTM, a nanoparticle technology, is being developed to address the issue of immunogenicity for gene therapy vectors and other biologic drugs. By targeting antigen-presenting cells, ImmTORTM has the potential to amplify the efficacy of biologic therapies and unlock the full potential of such treatments to improve the lives of those who suffer from serious and debilitating diseases.
In‐orbit geometric calibration approach and positioning accuracy analysis for the Gaofen‐7 laser footprint camera
Authors: Xie Junfeng , Ren Chaofeng , Jiao Huihui , Pan Jianping
Published: August 2021

The Gaofen‐7 (GF‐7) satellite is China's first submeter high‐resolution optical stereo‐mapping satellite. The satellite is equipped with two area‐array laser footprint cameras to capture the laser spots emitted by laser altimeters. To accurately identify and locate the geographical positions of laser spots, a stepwise geometric calibration method with ground laboratory information for high‐resolution area‐array camera is proposed in this paper. It includes the internal and external calibration. First, the initial values of the camera's internal parameters are determined based on the laboratory calibration results. Then, based on a high‐precision reference ortho‐image and a digital elevation model, the ground control points (GCPs) for multi‐scene footprint images are obtained by image matching. Finally, the external and internal calibration methods for the laser footprint camera are implemented successively. The experimental results indicate that this method can restore geometric imaging relationships with high precision. After the internal and external calibration, the systematic residual error of the image point is eliminated, the remaining residual achieves 0.38 pixel, and the accuracy of direct positioning on the ground is better than 5.0 m, and the elevation accuracy is within 1.5 m.
Analysis of organismic and population characteristics of the coenopopulations of Dracocephalum nutans L.
Authors: Denisova Gulnora , Astashenkov Alexey
Published: August 2021

On the study of the mechanisms of sustainable development of populations of the widespread species D. nutans presents the results in the paper. Analysis of organism and population traits showed that in unformed communities, the species has maximum values of all selected traits. As a result, the comparison of points has been found to be associated with environmental and censorship conditions. Depending on the environmental factors, different types of ontogenetic spectrums are formed (left-sided, centered, right- sided).
Botanical coverage of the leading families of medicinal flora of Kazakhstan
Authors: Grudzinskaya Ludmila , Gemejiyeva Nadezhda , Karzhaubekova Zhanat , Nelina Natalya
Published: August 2021

The work presents a comprehensive analysis of the phyto-pharmacological study of 4 fairly large families of the medicinal flora of Kazakhstan, which includes 148 medicinal species: Polygonaceae (42), Caryophyllaceae (41), Poaceae (35), Boraginaceae (30). The analyzed families contain 22 pharmacopoeial species, of which 2 species are included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. The resource coverage of medicinal species is extremely low; stocks of raw materials were taken into account only for 10 species. The introduction coverage of medicinal plants of these families is higher than the resource one; 56 species have been cultivated, information on the yield of raw materials is available for 7 species.
The system of specially protected natural areas of Kuzbass
Authors: Zueva Olga
Published: August 2021

On the territory of Kuzbass there are 29 specially protected natural areas with a total area of 1.3 thousand hectares. The existing system of protected areas of Kuzbass is a protected area of federal significance (the State Nature Reserve Kuznetskiy Alatau, the National Natural Park Shorskiy, the State Natural Monument Lipovy Ostrov), 22 protected areas of regional and 4 protected areas of municipal importance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the location of specially protected natural areas in terms of the floristic zoning of Kuzbass and the primary analysis of the PA system in Kuzbass.
Winter hard wheat in Kursk Region
Authors: Emelyanova Anna , Logvinova Elena
Published: August 2021

Kursk Federal Agricultural Research Center, together with National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, has been studying and selecting hybrid populations, lines and varieties of hard winter wheat since 2012. Since 2017, they have been studied for ecological plasticity and the presence of economically valuable features when cultivating in the Central Chernozem Region (Kursk Region) varieties of winter hard wheat bred by FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”on the basis of agreements on creative and scientific cooperation. At this stage of research, a large number of seedlings of winter hard wheat were tested, of which the most promising ones were identified. Using highly effective methods of ecological selection and having worked out breeding material in the environmental breeding laboratory of Kursk FARC, research data for 2018-2020. on yield, resistance to creep, overwintering, crop structure (height of plants, number of plants, number of stems, number of productive stems, total bush, productive bush, mass of 1000 grains, length of main spike, number of grains in main spike, weight of grain from one plant) and grain quality, on the basis of which grades and lines of winter hard wheat are evaluated. Over the years of research, weather conditions have developed in a variety of ways. Adverse environmental factors made it possible to better assess the level of adaptability of the studied sorto samples to abiostresses. In this regard an important task of joint breeding, is to increase environmental sustainability, the ability to ensure high stable yields in the soil and climatic conditions of the cultivation region.
Use of a reproduction practice by a whole ear in winter wheat primary seed farming
Authors: Krivosheev Sergey , Shumakov Vasiliy , Shumakov Alexander
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of field and laboratory studies from 2017 to 2020, on the basis of which a comprehensive assessment was given for the study of various sowing patterns (2, 3, 4, 5 ears/run.m with a width of interspaces of 45 cm) with a whole unfinished ear of winter soft wheat of the Lgovskaya 4 variety 4 in the nursery for testing offsprings of the first year in Kursk Region. It was found that when selecting whole ears by size, it is necessary to take into account the weight of grain in the ears, as the most variable feature. Inside the ear, a large density of plants was noted, which significantly reduced the nutritional area compared to the extreme plants in the ear. Plants inside the ear had similar conditions for nutrition and development in all sowing patterns. Extreme plants in the ear due to the larger food area were in better conditions. Productive bushiness decreased with thickening of crops with ears from 2.1 to 1.6 stems/plant. The density of the cenosis and yield, on the contrary, increased by 85% and 60.4%, respectively. The best conditions for the formation of a full-value seed crop were developed at 4 ears/lin.m, since maximum indicators were noted: the survival rate of plants from the ears was 84.1%, the yield of conditioned seeds was 93%, the germination energy was 95%, the smallest number of rejected families was 19%. The use of a compacted sowing pattern of 4 ears/lin.m in the first-year offspring testing nursery increased seed yield by 75% compared to the control.
Efficiency of cultivation technologies for spring wheat with different levels of intensity on chernozem soils of Kursk Region
Authors: Lazarev Vladimir , Ilyin Boris
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the results of research on the efficiency of technologies for cultivating spring wheat at various levels of intensity (extensive, intensive, resource-saving) under the conditions of chernozem soils of Kursk Region. It was found that higher reserves of available moisture and nitrate nitrogen in the arable layer of the soil before sowing spring wheat were provided by technologies with moldboard plowing. Replacing plowing with subsurface methods of tillage led to a decrease in the available moisture and nitrate nitrogen reserves in the soil for all fertilizer systems. The lowest weediness of spring wheat was observed when it was cultivated using technologies with moldboard plowing 52.3-58.3 PCs/m2, depending on the fertilizer system. The replacement of plowing with subsurface and surface tillage increased the weediness of crops to 61.7 and 73.7 PCs / m2, respectively. Application of mineral fertilizers had almost no significant effect on the number of weeds in spring wheat. The highest yield of spring wheat in all the years of studies (4,27 t/ha) was obtained in the intensive cultivation technology involving plowing at 20-22 cm, fertilization at a rate of N60Р60К60, treatment of crops with pesticides based on economic threshold of harmfulness. Yield of spring wheat, cultivated by resource-saving technologies with organic-mineral system of fertilization 0.86-4.25 t/ha depending on the methods of primary tillage. Moldboard plowing of the soil against the background of the organic-mineral fertilizer system increased the yield of spring wheat by 0.18 t/ha in comparison with subsurface tillage and by 0.39 t/ha in comparison with surface tillage. However, due to higher production costs, the best economic indicators were obtained when spring wheat was cultivated using resourcesaving technologies with an organic-mineral fertilizer system and non-moldboard methods of primary tillage.
The use of micronutrient fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat
Authors: Gureev Ivan
Published: August 2021

The aim of the research was to improve the technology for the production of winter wheat in Central Chernozem Region (CChR) by increasing the efficiency of the application of modern micronutrient fertilizers in conjunction with seed disinfectants and foliar dressing. To achieve this goal, the representative of FSBSI Kursk Federal Agricultural Research Center with the participation of specialists of Central Chernozem Machine Testing Station developed a technology and conducted field experiments on slightly leached medium loamy chernozem with pHKCl = 5.1 and humus content of 5.0%. For the first time on a scientific basis, a significant reserve for saving fertilizer resources has been realized through the use of synergy of interaction between nutrients. For this, the nomenclature and the ratio of the components of the nutritional mixture for foliar applications were established by an innovative method of functional foliar diagnostics using the Aquadonis device. Micronutrient fertilizer Aquamix ST (100 g/t) was applied to the seeds together with various seed disinfectants. As a control, we used a Lamador seed disinfectant (0.2 l /t), as well as new seed disinfectant: Scenic Combi (1.5 l/t), Baritone (1.5 l/t) + Nuprid (0.6 l/t) , Redigo (0.55 l/t) + Nuprid (0.6 l/t). Positive annual total cost savings of 119 rubles per 1 ton of produced grain was shown by the variant of seed treatment with a combination of Aquamix ST + Lamador. Other variants with the same agronomical efficiency, but with more expensive new seed disinfectants, turned out to be unprofitable. When evaluating the methods of foliar dressing, the highest yield of winter wheat at 3.98 t/ha was obtained using the innovative method of functional foliar diagnostics. The best indicators of the economic efficiency of the improved technology for the production of winter wheat were established in the variant of seed treatment Aquamix ST + Lamador with the application of foliar dressing using an innovative method. At the same time, the annual savings in total costs amounted to 476 rubles/t, which is 1.34 times higher than the variant with standard fertilizing with complex fertilizer Aquarin 5.
The effectiveness of retardants moddus and messidor in the cultivation of spring barley on different nutrient status
Authors: Morozov Alexander
Published: August 2021

The results of field experiments on the effectiveness of the use of retardants Moddus and Messidor in the cultivation of spring barley at different levels of mineral nutrition are presented. The shortening of the second internode of barley plants by 3.3-24.1% and the increase in its thickness by 1.43.7% were established when using retardants Moddus and Messidor in different doses on a high nutrient content. The data obtained indicates positive effect of retardants on increasing the resistance of barley stems to unfavorable factors (rain and wind), which is confirmed by the results of assessing the degree of lodging. It was found out that the use of retardants on natural nutrient content in a dry growing season leads to the significant decrease in yields (from 0.22 to 0.94 t/ha). In slightly arid and excessively humid conditions of the growing season, the use of retardants on medium nutrient content provides the significant increase of the yield from 0.22 to 0.53 t/ha, on high nutrient content from 0.21 to 0.52 t/ha. In average, over three years of research, the highest yield of barley was obtained on high nutrient content when crops were treated with Messidor at a dose of 1.0 l/ha, Moddus at a dose of 0.4 l/ha. The best economic indicators were established when feed barley was cultivated on medium nutrient content (N15 P39 K39 + pre-seeding application of N68) using retardants Moddus at a dose of 0.2 l/ha, Messidor at a dose of 0.5 l/ha.
Innovative Approach to Wheat-Flax Flour Producing
Authors: Vitol Irina S. , Meleshkina Elena P. , Kechkin Ivan A. , Pankratov Georgy N.
Published: August 2021

An innovative approach to the obtaining of wheat-flax flour has been developed, it is based on the use of polished wheat groats and semolina for subsequent grinding together with flax seeds. The technological scheme for grinding a two-component grain mixture included one break system and three reduction systems. It is found that the introduction of flax seeds into the milling grist has a significant effect on all quality indicators, and the greatest effect was revealed at the processing of a mixture of semolina and flax seeds. Statistical analysis made it possible to establish a linear character of the dependence of the flour whiteness on the yield (R = 0.96 - 0.99). The protein and fat content in wheat-flax flour № 1 (wheat groats + flax) is 14.0% and 3.8%, and in wheat-flax flour № 2 (semolina + flax) – 12.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The essential linolenic acid content in wheat-flax flour №1 and №2 is 49.34% and 45.55%, respectively, while it is 2.95% for top-grade wheat flour. The new approach made it possible to significantly simplify the grinding process, abandon multi-grade grinding, and achieve a uniform distribution of fat among flour varieties. The resulting wheat-flax flour contains the required amount of PUFAs in accordance with the recommended consumption rates and the inclusion of products from it in the diet of a modern person can compensate for the lack of PUFAs of the ɷ-3 family.
Development of technology and formulation of cracker of high nutritional value
Authors: Kovaleva Anna , Galchenko Svetlana , Kolchanov Alex
Published: August 2021

Human nutrition is one of the important factors that determine the health of the population. A fullfledged balanced diet creates conditions for normal physical and mental development, affects the body’s ability to resist the effects of adverse environmental factors. The modern progressive direction of development of the confectionery industry is the creation of new technologies and the development of products of increased nutritional value. Today, a large number of product categories are represented in the structure of the snack market. One of the trends of recent years in the snack market is an increase in the consumption of natural snack products (nuts, seeds, dried fruits). In large part, this is due to the desire of consumers to live a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, products that carry the idea of proper and healthy nutrition are increasingly appearing on the market. This is what the developed product is a cracker with enhanced nutritional value. In the course of the study, the technology and recipe of the cracker of said increased nutritional value were developed. This result was achieved by adding buckwheat flour and cheese to the recipe. The additives used allowed crackers to be made with high organoleptic and physico-chemical properties. At the same time, the optimal recipe was determined, in which wheat flower was replaced with 40% buckwheat flour. The analysis of the chemical composition and nutritional value of the developed cracker samples of increased nutritional value proved the validity of the additives introduced. Due to the introduction of these ingredients, the contents of B vitamins (B1, B2, B4, B6), dietary fiber, as well as other nutrients like magnesium, potassium, calcium, zinc, copper, molybdenum, sodium and chlorine, increased.
Formation of sucrose crystallization centers and their growth in a vacuum apparatus
Authors: Slavyanskiy Anatoliy , Lebedeva Natalia , Voitsekhovsky Vladimir
Published: August 2021

The article considers sucrose crystallization as a mass transfer process, which is a phase transition from a liquid phase to a solid phase, and includes two main stages: the formation of crystallization centers and the growth of crystals to the desired size. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of existing theoretical and practical ideas about the formation of centers of crystallization of sucrose and their growth in the massecuite mass, the analysis of the main factors affecting this process. On the basis of the studies obtained, a method has been developed to improve the efficiency of the technology for boiling the massecuite of the first crystallization, which refers to the methods of boiling the massecuite I crystallization with intermediate centrifugation of the massecuite. A feature of the method is the formation of crystallization centers in the massecuite by their spontaneous formation. The analysis of the obtained research results showed that the work on the proposed method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of boiling massecuite I crystallization, to ensure an increase in the yield and quality of crystalline white sugar.
Influence of probiotic and prebiotic on meat quality of broiler chicken carcasses
Authors: Chervonova Irina
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studying the impact of the spore-forming probiotic “Olin” and the prebiotic “Eсofiltrum” on the meat quality of broiler chicken carcasses of the Ross-308 cross. In the course of the research, it has been found that the inclusion of these preparations in the broiler diet has a positive effect on the studied indicators: the pre-slaughter weight increased by 4.3-5.7%, the weight of the gutted carcass by 4.6-6.2%, the muscle weight 4.8-6.5%, the weight of the loin muscles by 5.7-8.2%. The ratio of edible parts to inedible parts is 4.14 in the third experimental group, 4.08-in the second, and 4.04-in the control. Based on the results of the anatomical cutting of broiler carcasses and according to the fatness indicators the poultry carcasses of the third and second experimental groups, 87.5% and 87.2%, respectively, belong to the first grade, and the yield of the first grade carcasses is 86.2% in the control group. Meat products obtained from both the control poultry and the poultry of both experimental groups has no off-aroma odor and taste, the meat is juicy, tender and aromatic. The products obtained from broiler chickens, whose ration includes the probiotic “Olin” and the prebiotic “Ecofiltrum”, do not have any deviations from the established standards and norms. During the research, it has been found that the use of the studied drugs has a positive effect on the meat quality of poultry carcasses. However, broiler chickens receiving the probiotic “Olin” has more pronounced meat qualities.
Evaluation of flotation process course on the example of sulphide ores
Authors: Oleksik Konrad , Saramak Daniel , MŁynarczykowska Anna
Published: August 2021

The article concerns investigations over the influence of selected parameters of the flotation process course on the values of technological indices of beneficiation process assessment. Following parameters were under evaluation: the pulp density, pulp aeration (measured through the rotational speed of rotor) as well as dosage of flotation reagents. Four technological indices were registered: concentrate recovery, concentrate grade, yield of the concentrate and the tails grade. There were calculated correlation coefficients between selected parameters of flotation process course and the values of technological indices, along with determination of significance of these coefficient, at accepted probability level 0.95. In the next stage of investigations there were determined mathematical models with the concentrate recovery, concentrate grade, yield of concentrate and tails grade as the functions of pulp density, speed of the rotor and dosage of flotation reagent. On the basis of the investigations carried out, it was appeared that the dosage of flotation reagent was of the most significant influence on the values of technological indices of flotation process assessment. The least significant influence, in turn, was obtained for the pulp density.
The effect of process water salinity on flotation of copper ore from Lubin mining region (SW Poland)
Authors: Bakalarz Alicja , Duchnowska Magdalena , Luszczkiewicz Andrzej
Published: August 2021

The process water used for the flotation of sedimentary copper ore in ore concentration plants in KGHM Polska Miedz S.A. were characterized. The process water used in the flotation circuits is heavily saline. It contains between 25 and 45 g/dm3 of soluble components, and the main constituent, in about 75%, is NaCl. Process water used for flotation consists of reclaimed water from the tailing dam and mine water. The effect of process water salinity on the processes of copper flotation from the Lubin mine area was described. The results of laboratory flotation experiments conducted in tap water and in water of different salinity levels were compared. The effect of the salinity of water within specified concentration limits was generally found to be beneficial for upgrading of the examined ore.
Two-stage method for the simulation of the comminution process in a high-speed beater mill
Authors: Marijnissen Michał J. , Graczykowski Cezary , Rojek Jerzy
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a two-stage simplified method for the simulation of comminution process which takes place in a beater mill. The first stage of the proposed method is a simulation of the flow of gas and ore particles through a mill based on a two-phase continuous-discrete model. It allows to capture the interaction between the fluid flow and embedded particles, to determine trajectories of their motion and average velocities and frequencies of their collisions against the flywheel and the mill's walls. The second stage of the proposed method is a discrete element method simulation of the process of comminution of a single ore particle. It allows to determine the size distribution of created smaller particles in terms of normal velocity and angle of impact and to estimate the global efficiency of the comminution process. The proposed simulation methodology is applied for the verification of the innovative concept of the application of high–speed beater mill for the comminution of the copper ore.
Studies of the aromatic β-diketones as extractant of copper ions
Authors: Witt Katarzyna , Radzyminska-Lenarcik Elzbieta
Published: August 2021

Benzoylacetone 2, dibenzoylmethane 3and acetylacetone 1were studied as extractants of copper ions by liquid-liquid partition and spectrophotometric methods. Extraction ability increase in order 1< 2< 3. The values of pH1/2, corresponding to 50% of the extraction of copper, are equal to 10.75, 10.08 and 9.85 for 1, 2, 3, respectively. The extraction process is the most effective when 3was used as extractant, the maximum amount of copper ions passed to the organic phase is 50% and 99% for 1and 3, respectively. The spectra have shown that in the aqueous and in the organic phase β-diketone form two chelated complexes [CuL]+ and [CuL2]. Partition ratios (P2) of [CuL2] complexes have very high values, much higher than P1. That complexes determine the efficiency of extraction process of Cu(II) ions, what confirm the electron absorption spectra.
Sulfur reduction in Sangan iron ore by flotation
Authors: Rezaee Bahram , Sarvi Atefe , Eslamian Atiyeh , MehdiJebraeeli Seyed , Zabihi Abolfazl
Published: August 2021

in this study the flotation of pyrite as the main sulfide impurity of Sangan iron ore in Iran, was investigated. For this purpose the effect of collector type, pH, collector concentration and stage dosing on reverse flotation of iron sulfide ore from magnetite ore was investigated. Two type of thiol collectors include xanthates (sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) and potassium amyl xanthate (PAX)) and dithiocarbamate (di-ethyl dithiocarbamate (DTC)) and the mixture of collectors was studied. The highest sulfur removal was obtained with potassium amyl xanthate. Stage dosing had a significant effect in sulfide flotation and the best recovery was obtained when the collector was added in 4 stages. The acidity had a positive effect on sulfide floatability and the best result was obtained at pH 3.5-4. Investigation about collector concentration showed that increasing the SIPX concentration enhanced the sulfur removal but this factor was not effective for PAX.
Circular Economy in Mineral Processing
Authors: Pomykała Radosław , Tora Barbara
Published: August 2021

The paper aims to implementation ofCircular Economyin mineral processing in Poland. Circular economy represents a completely new approach to product life cycle, based on the departure from the linear model of “take – make – dispose” and turning to the circular or closed-circle model of economy. Challenges and opportunities of implementation ofCircular Economyin Mining is presented. The VERAM project, financed by The European Union (by the EUR 1.4 million) to the project is described. The examples of good practice in the area of implementation of circular economy in Poland is presented (Tauron Wydobycie - wasteless mine and ZGH Bolesław - waste management)
Solidification of hazardous waste as a part of the raw material recovery process
Authors: Polek Daria
Published: August 2021

Paper presents the process capabilities for solidification hazardous waste. In the first part of the article the authors present general technologies and methods in a comparative model. The following section describes the results of market research for the most advanced and innovative solidification technologies. Comparative analysis of the material has shown and described the three most promising, leading-edge technologies of waste solidification avalible on the Polish market.
Effect of fly and bottom ash mixture from combustion of biomass on strength of cement mortar
Authors: Ulewicz Małgorzata , Jura Jakub
Published: August 2021

The preliminary results of fly and bottom ash mixture form combustion od biomass (80% of tree waste and 20% of palm kernel shells) for the produce of ceramic mortars has been presented. Currently, bio- ash from fluidized bed are deposited in landfills. Use of this ash to production of cement mortar instead of sand will reduce the consumption of the mineral resources. The chemical composition of this waste materials was determined using X-ray fluorescence (spectrometer ARL Advant ‘XP). Cement mortar were made using CEM I 42.5 R. The ash were added in an amount 20% of cement weight (in different proportions of fly and bottom ash). The results showed, that the compressive strength (after 28 days) of cement mortar containing ash is higher regardless of the type of ash mixture used. The highest compressive strength (increased by 7.0% compared to the control sample) was found for cement mortars in which the ratio of fly ash to bottom ash was 10/90. This mortars also showed the highest frost resistance (after 150 cycles freezes and unfreeze). The largest decrease the compressive strength (over 18.7%) after the frost resistance test. While cement mortars in which the ratio of fly ash to bottom ash was 90/10 showed the highest frost resistance (after 150 cycles freezes and unfreeze).
Der physiotherapeutische Patient in der Kleintierpraxis
Authors: Hohmann Mima
Published: August 2021

Eine gezielte Physiotherapie kann bei Tieren mit Bewegungsstörungen zu einer erheblichen Verbesserung der Mobilität führen. Grundlage für die physiotherapeutische Untersuchung und Behandlung ist eine ausführliche Anamnese, welche die Lebenssituation des Tieres möglichst detailliert erfasst. Die Lahmheitsdiagnostik schließt neben der Beurteilung in der Bewegung und in Ruhe auch eine kurze Allgemeinuntersuchung und schließlich die physiotherapeutische Befunderhebung ein. Dabei wird insbesondere die Beweglichkeit der Gelenke von Wirbelsäule, Brustkorb, Becken sowie von Vorder- und Hintergliedmaßen überprüft, aber auch auf Temperaturunterschiede der Haut, Konturveränderungen des Gewebes und Muskeltonus bzw. Schmerzhaftigkeit der Muskulatur geachtet. Das genaue Vorgehen inklusive der sich daraus ableitenden Behandlungsmaßnahmen wird anhand zweier Fallbeispiele veranschaulicht.
Systematische Literaturübersicht der Wirksamkeit von
Acamprosat, Naltrexon, Disulfiram und Nalmefen zur Trinkmengenreduktion und
Aufrechterhaltung der Abstinenz bei Alkoholabhängigkeit
Authors: Arakelyan Anna , Kempkensteffen Jürgen , Verthein Uwe
Published: August 2021

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit ist die systematische
Darstellung der aktuellen Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit von Acamprosat, Naltrexon,
Disulfiram und Nalmefen für die Aufrechterhaltung der Abstinenz oder
Trinkmengenreduktion bei alkoholabhängigen Patient:innen. Bezogen auf
den Zeitraum 2005 bis 2020 wurden insgesamt 27 Studien identifiziert, die alle
Einschlusskriterien (u. a. RCT, mind. 8 Wochen Behandlungsdauer)
erfüllten. Es wurden überwiegend Hinweise zur Wirksamkeit von
Nalmefen gefunden. Acamprosat war nicht (zusätzlich) wirksam. Naltrexon
trug in kombinierten Interventionen einen zusätzlichen Nutzen bei, dies
galt jedoch nicht für die Mehrzahl der Studien. Disulfiram war nicht
wirksam darin, einen zusätzlichen Nutzen zur Erhaltung der Abstinenz
beizutragen, im Vergleich zu Topiramat, einem Antikonvulsivum, jedoch
effektiver. Die Ergebnisse stehen nicht im Einklang mit dem bisher bekannten
Forschungsstand, der Acamprosat, Naltrexon und Nalmefen als überwiegend
effektiv und sicher einstuft und Disulfiram als mäßig wirksam.
Der pharmakologische Interventionsbedarf sollte bei Bestehen alkoholbezogener
Probleme exploriert und ggf. erwogen werden, damit diesbezüglich
Vorbehalte abgebaut und ein umfassendes und zugleich individuelles
Behandlungsangebot geschaffen wird. Hinsichtlich der Trinkmengenreduktion
sollten Aspekte der Schadensminderung als Behandlungsziel berücksichtigt
werden.
The Effect of Turbinate Injection of Botulinum Toxin A on the Symptoms of Idiopathic Rhinitis
Authors: Carvalho Thiago , Salgado Daniel Calduro , Mion Olavo de Godoy , de Mello João Ferreira , Voegels Richard Louis
Published: August 2021

Introduction Idiopathic rhinitis is a nonallergic and noninfectious rhinitis characterized mainly by nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea, resulting from an autonomic imbalance. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) demonstrated its action in reducing rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction when injected into the nasal turbinates or septum.

Objective To analyze the effects of intranasal BTX-A injection to control the symptoms of idiopathic rhinitis and its possible adverse effects.

Method Patients with idiopathic rhinitis were divided into two groups. Group A had 15 participants (8 female and 6 male), of ages from 47 to 84 years (mean 66.57 years), and these received 60 U of Dysport (Ipsen Ltd, Maidenhead, Berkshire, UK) in each inferior nasal turbinate; group B had 12 participants (1 male and 11 female), of ages from 50 to 76 years (mean 60 years), and they received 1 ml of 0.9% saline. The individuals were reevaluated in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks after injection by a questionnaire, accompanied by nasal inspiratory peak flow and acoustic rhinometry.

Results Group A showed significant improvement, mainly regarding the symptoms of sneezing/itching and nasal obstruction, over time and when compared to group B. Acoustic rhinometry confirmed the improvement in nasal obstruction. There was no relationship between the nasal peak flow data and the nasal obstruction score. No major adverse effects have been reported.

Conclusion The injection of botulinum toxin in the inferior nasal turbinates of patients with idiopathic rhinitis reduces the symptoms of sneezing, itching, nasal obstruction, and runny nose without significant adverse effects, suggesting that it is an option in the treatment of these patients.
Odontogenic Subperiosteal Abscess of the Lateral Orbit: Timely Recognition and Management
Authors: Houle Ashley N. , Pham Chau , Valikodath Nita , Elmowitz Jordan S. , Callahan Nicholas
Published: August 2021

Orbital abscess is a rare entity due to an odontogenic infection. The progression from a toothache to serious complications such as blindness or death can be sudden and severe. The authors present the case of a 13-year-old male patient with a 2-day history of dental pain, which progressed to involve the periorbital tissues. He was experiencing visual symptoms. Computed tomographic imaging revealed a canine space abscess associated with a carious right maxillary molar in continuity with a subperiosteal abscess of the right lateral orbit. Surgical drainage was performed under general anesthesia via intraoral and extraoral approaches. The postoperative course was uncomplicated and vision improved. Multidisciplinary and timely management is crucial for successful outcomes in managing orbital abscesses of odontogenic origin. Therefore, it is crucial for emergency and primary care physicians to recognize when specialist consultation is indicated and expedite this process.
Spontaneous Muscle Hematoma in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review with Description of an Additional Case Series
Authors: Abate Veronica , Casoria Aniello , Galletti Ferruccio , Di Minno Giovanni , Rendina Domenico , Muscariello Riccardo , Nuzzo Vincenzo , Vargas Maria , Servillo Giuseppe , Venetucci Pietro , Conca Paolo , Tufano Antonella
Published: August 2021

Coagulation abnormalities, thrombosis, and endothelial dysfunction have been described in COVID-19 patients. Spontaneous muscle hematoma (SMH) is a rare complication in COVID-19. The aims of this study are to: (1) perform a systematic review of the literature to better define the clinical SMH characteristics, (2) describe the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of SMH in COVID-19 patients referring to a Department of Internal Medicine (IM) (Federico II University of Naples), a Department of Sub-Intensive Care Medicine (SIM) (Ospedale Del Mare), and a Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (Federico II University). The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA criteria. The local prevalence of SMH in COVID-19 was evaluated retrospectively. The medical records of all COVID-19 patients referring to IM and ICU from March 11th, 2020, to February 28th, 2021 were examined for SMH occurrence. In our retrospective analysis, we describe 10 cases of COVID-19 patients with SMH not previously reported in literature, with a prevalence of 2.1%. The literature review, inclusive of our case series, describes a total of 50 SMHs in COVID-19 patients (57.4% males; mean age 68.8 ± 10.0 years). The SMH sites were ileo-psoas, vastus intermedius, gluteus, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis major muscles. Males developed SMH earlier than females (9.5 ± 7.8 vs. 17.1 ± 9.7 days). Ileo-psoas hematoma was more frequent in males (69.2 vs. 30.8%), while pectoralis major hematoma occurred only in females. The in-hospital mortality rate of SMH in COVID-19 patients was 32.4%. SMH is a rare but severe complication in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, associated with high mortality. A gender difference seems to be present in the clinical presentation of the disorder.
The Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width, and Mean Platelet Volume in Predicting Febrile Seizures and Differentiating Febrile Seizure Types
Authors: Dilber Beril , Reis Gökçe P. , Kolayli Ceyda Cevriye , Cansu Ali
Published: August 2021

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), and mean platelet volume (MPV)/platelet ratio (MPR) are commonly known inflammatory markers measured by a routine peripheral blood test that have been studied in patients with febrile seizures (FS) and may be useful for the classification of FS types. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between FS and inflammatory markers including MPR, RDW, and NLR and also to determine the diagnostic ability of these parameters to identify FS by comparing patients with and without FS, and by comparing patients with FS to their FS types (simple febrile seizure or complex febrile seizure [SFS or CFS]). The study included a total of 537 children aged 6 to 60 months who presented to the emergency service with FS. The FS group was divided into two subgroups based on the type of seizure, SFS, and CFS. MPR, NLR, and RDW predicted a 1.7 (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.45), 1.94 (OR, 95% CI: 1.35–2.79), and 1.8 (OR, 95% CI: 1.25–2.59) times higher risk of FS, respectively. NLR and RDW predicted a 2.64 (OR, 95% CI: 1.17–4.85) and 2.34 (OR, 95% CI: 1.14–4.44) times higher risk of recurrent SFS, respectively. In patients with CFS, NLR ≥ 1.806 had a 3.64 times (OR, 95% CI: 1.83–7.21) and RDW ≥14.55 had a 3.34 times (OR, 95% CI: 1.67–6.65) higher risk of recurrent FS. The results indicated that MPV, NLR, and RDW differentiated not only SFS from CFS but also FS from fever without seizure. The increase in RDW and NLR values and their diagnostic values in patients with recurrent FS and the diagnostic value of these parameters in predicting CFS suggest that NLR and RDW could be effective, practical, and discriminative predictors of FS.