bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing a Transit Oriented Development with a Trackless Tram System—Case Study Bulawayo
Authors: Ndlovu Vinnet , Newman Peter
Published: May 2021

The need for a mid-tier transit system and the opportunities created by 21st century transit technologies like Trackless Trams System (TTS) has been analysed in an earlier paper to show TTS could be a leapfrog solution for the future of sustainable urban development in developing cities. This paper outlines how the TTS can be created as a part of Transit Oriented Development (TOD). Informed by literature, this study identified four factors that are important for enabling transition towards TOD. Using three of these factors a framework for assessing and evaluating TOD is formulated. The study then applies the formulated framework to the potential corridors that could potentially enable a transition towards a successful TOD for Bulawayo and enable the TTS to be delivered in a partnership with urban land development. The findings do reveal that most of the station precincts that are closer to the CBD have a higher potential to enable transition to TOD. This could suggest that the TTS could be implemented in two phases, the first phase covering the high impact station precincts.
Problems of preservation of architectural and urban heritage of the historical village of Lahij in Azerbaijan
Authors: Nurmamedov Magomed N.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Among the historical towns and settlements of Azerbaijan, the village of Lahij is one of the unique. Highly developed crafts, especially copper production, blacksmithing, and carpet making glorified Lahij masters not only in Azerbaijan but also abroad. The peculiar planning structure and architecture of Lahij were formed under the influence of craft production. Unfortunately, like many ancient settlements, Lahij is facing degradation associated with the socio-technical processes of modern civilization.

Materials and methods. The paper uses theoretical analysis of scientific literature, graphic materials, and written sources. Research methods are based on systemic, spatial, and socio-functional approaches.

Results. This article analyses the current state of the identified problems threatening the architectural and urban environment of the village of Lahij. Consideration is being given to ways of reviving craft production which is directly related to the architectural and construction tradition of the village. The article emphasizes the crucial role of tourism in the life of Lahij and its residents, noting also the danger posed by the growth of tourism.

Conclusions. Based on the experience of preserving the environment in foreign historical towns, the author suggests using modern approaches in solving problems related to the management and use of the historical and cultural heritage in Lahij. Attention should be paid to the complex solution of problems considering architectural and urban planning, socio-economic and administrative-managerial issues.
To the design of the deflections of flexural concrete members reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer bars
Authors: Mirsayapov Ilshat T. , Antakov Igor A. , Antakov Alexey B.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) reinforcement has a relatively low modulus of elasticity compared to steel. In this connection, the bent members with such reinforcement have a higher deformability. The stress-strain diagram for FRP under short-term loading is almost straight and does not have a yield line, as in steel reinforcement. At the same time, modern methods of calculating structures with for FRP reinforcement are based on existing approaches for reinforced concrete structures. In this regard, the current direction for study is to assess the reliability and improve the existing methods for calculating members with FRP reinforcement for the serviceability limit states.

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried with regard for and in compliance with the provisions of National State Standard 8829-94. Tested samples represented concrete beams that were 1,810 mm long and had a cross section of 120 × 220 mm. Their tensile side was reinforced with two bars. Steel, glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) and basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars were used to reinforce the beams. The value of the reinforcement ratio varied. Deflections calculation methods, applied according to Construction rules and regulations 295.1325800.2017 (Russia) and ACI 440.1R-06 (USA) were analyzed.

Results. The results of the theoretical and experimental studies of the deformability of flexural members having FRP reinforcement are obtained. The inaccurate determination of the cracking moment Mcrc has a negative impact on the results of the deflection calculation. The deviation of the theoretical values of the cracking moment according to the method of Construction rules and regulations 295.1325800.2017 from the experimental ones is 26.2–59.1 %, in the method of ACI 440.1 R-06 — 20.1–57.1 %. For the ACI 440.1 R-06 method, the calculation is more accurate, in which the short-term deflection was multiplied by the factor λ = 0,6ξ = 0,6 · 2 = 1,2, for the Construction rules and regulations 295.1325800.2017 method — when using ψf = 1 – 0,8Mcrc / M.

Conclusions. The results obtained showed the need to improve the considered calculation methods. To increase the accuracy of the calculation of deflections according to the method of SP 295.1325800.2017, at the first stage, it is possible to approximate the theoretical values of the cracking moment to the experimental data by introducing correction factor in the equation according to the calculation of Mcrc: for beams with a GFRP high-bond bars — 0.7, for BFRP with a sanded surface — 0.5.
Iron removal stations’ sludges postprocessing for its resource potential identification
Authors: Maksimov Lev I. , Mironov Viktor V. , Maksimova Svetlana V. , Kuskov Konstantin V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The sludge of the washing waters of the underground water iron removal station is a large-tonnage technogenic waste that is dangerous for the environment. The homogeneous chemical composition and finely dispersed structure of the sludge make it possible to consider it as a valuable raw material for the production of various products in the conditions of a forward movement towards a circular economy. Obtaining nanosized metal powders from the sludge of iron removal stations has a number of advantages over traditional physical, chemical and mechanical methods. To optimize the process of obtaining highly dispersed metal powders from the sludge of iron removal stations, it is necessary to study the influence of the main technological parameters on the size, shape and chemical composition of the final material.

Materials and methods. Thermal treatment of the sludge of the iron removal station in the carbon monoxide medium was carried out in the temperature range of 400–600 °C. Ultrasonic dispersion was used to get an idea of the true particle size. The granulometric composition of the sludge was studied by electron microscopy and laser beam scattering.

Results. The results of experimental studies of the granulometric composition of the treated sludge of iron removal stations are presented. The particles obtained at a temperature of 450 °C had the most pronounced spherical shape, low open porosity, and a low degree of adhesion to neighboring particles. These properties are key for micro- and nanopowder-based products. An increase in the temperature of sludge processing led to the adhesion of particles and their fusion into large aggregates with a brittle structure as a result of the development of crystallization processes.

Conclusions. The proposed methods of physicochemical treatment in an environment of carbon monoxide and ultrasonic action of the sludge of an iron removal station, which is currently a technogenic waste, makes it possible to obtain a highly dispersed metal powder. This material has the necessary properties for use in modern high-tech industries.
COVID-19, Herd Immunity and Nanotechnology- A Review
Authors: Sah Ravi Kumar , Bhagat Mukesh Kumar , Niraula Upama
Published: May 2021

Covid-19 had been the global pandemic cases across the world since WHO declared it as pandemic diseases. It has been global crisis which had impacted globally on health and economic sector at a time. This review article had covered the detail of COVID-19 in brief detail, its epidemiological data, herd immunity and vaccination program, vaccine development status. Also this article the nanotechnology used in vaccine development process and its future prospective. This article had been concerned over the SAARC Nations epidemiology data related to COVID-19.
A Journey through the History of Drug Quality Control, from Greece to Costa Rica
Authors: Blanco Barrantes Jeimy , Quesada María Soledad , Rojas Gustavo , Loría Arlene
Published: May 2021

This review describes the evolution and development of drug quality control throughout different times in history. A bibliographic research was conducted from the database JSTOR from the University of Costa Rica. This database contains information from academic journals and books from XIX to date. It covers different fields, such as anthropology, arts, biology, botany, health sciences, politics, pharmacy, history. Information was retrieved when the following words were present: pharmacy, quality, quality control, drugs, medicines, pharmacopoeia.

In ancient history India, China, Greece, Egypt, Africa and America used different medicinal plants to cure or alleviate disease. In some of these regions, methods were developed to make medicinal preparations as safe and effective as possible. In ancient Greece, the need to have a complete knowledge of drugs to carry out their proper preparation and detect adulterations was emerging. In Europe there was a constant development in the field, from books containing simple lists of preparations and medicines to more complex pharmacopoeias that included quality of the medicines. In America, the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) first appeared in 1820. In Costa Rica, the Specialized Laboratory for Drug Analysis, actually the Laboratory for Analysis and Pharmaceutical Consulting (LAYAFA), was created in 1965, to ensure the quality and safety of medicines registered and marketed in Costa Rica.

Differences between regulations and quality standards across centuries and countries, and their impact on the commercialization of medicines, have promoted regulations to harmonize the requirements related to different activities of the processes of manufacture, registration and quality control of medicines.
Evaluation of Antidiarrheal properties of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea in experimental animals
Authors: Muhammad Aslam P , Pinkey Rawal , Ramesh C , Chaitra G
Published: May 2021

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-diarrheal potentials of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea in albino rats. 

Materials and methods: The defatted powder of whole plant of Brassica juncea subjected to extraction using ethanol in soxhlet apparatus.  The acute oral toxicity was studied for ethanol extract according to OECD guidelines 425. The antidiarrheal properties of ethanol extracts was assessed against castor oil induced diarrhea, magnesium sulfate induced diarrhea and charcoal passage test in albino wistar rats.

Results: The ethanol extract of Brassica juncea has effectively reversed diarrhea. The extract at higher dose 400mg/kg shows significant reduction the number of feces against castor oil induced and MgSO4 induced diarrhea. In charcoal passage test, higher dose of ethanol extract also shown significant reduction in the distance travelled.

Conclusion: The result obtained establish the efficiency of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea as antidiarrheal agent

Keywords: Brassica juncea, castor oil, magnesium sulphate, charcoal passage test.
Preliminary Phytochemical Appraisal of Selected Medicinal Plants
Authors: Mohan E , Suriya S , Shanmugam S , Muthupandi CP , Rajendran K
Published: May 2021

Preliminary phytochemical tests played a significant role in finding and locating chemical constituents which are source of pharmacologically active principles. By consider the medicinal importance of tuber of Acorus calamus, flower of Senna alata and fruit of Solanum torvum, the present study was designed to screen the phytochemical constituents present in such plant parts preliminarily. The phytochemical analyses were conducted by employing standard methods to detect the presence/absence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, phytosterols, proteins, saponins and tannins. The results of present study revealed that alkaloids were found to be present in all the three plants analyzed and all the three solvents extracted, whereas, glycosides and phenols were absent. The acetone extract of Acorus calamus and Solanum torvum showed the presence more number of phytochemicals (4 each) and petroleum ether extract of Senna alata and Solanum torvum revealed the presence of only one compound. The potential active principles of the detected compounds should be quantified and pharmacologically evaluated. Keywords: Preliminary phytochemical analyses, Acorus calamus tuber, Senna alata flower, Solanum torvum fruit.
Effect of Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LaSMnO3) Nanoparticle on mouse Testosterone and Fertility
Authors: Ojo Olajumoke Omolara
Published: May 2021

Intraperitoneal administration of Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LaSMnO3) a new class of magnetic nanoparticle on mouse testosterone and fertility was investigated.  For this, experimental mice divided into 4 groups (n=5); group I, II, III and IV were treated with vehicle (control), 5, 10 and 20 µg/kg/day of LaSMnO3 for 21 days respectively. Five animals from each group were sacrificed at interval of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days, however, after twenty-one days of the treatment, animals in all groups were allowed to cohabited with untreated female mice for fertility study. Toxic effects of LaSMnO3 on the testosterone and sperm parameters were analyzed. Effect on ROS and anti-oxidative biomarkers were also measured. Significant decrease (p<0.05) of epididymal spermatozoa motility and numbers was measured revealing the cytotoxicity effects of this nanomaterial. Light microscopic study revealed changes in the cauda epididymal sperm morphology. Failure of the fertility in LaSMnO3-treated mice as evidenced by the significant reduction in the average number of implantation in females mated with the treated males. Depletion of testicular testosterone hormone level by high dose of LaSMnO3 (20µg/kg/day) shows a reduced testicular androgen synthesis. This study therefore, shows the potential adverse effect of LaSMnO3 on male fertility.

Keywords: Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticle, animal models, toxicity, fertility
“Who is going to believe me, if I say ‘I'm a researcher?’” — Scientists' role repertoires in online public engagement
Authors: Roedema Tessa , Broerse Jacqueline , Kupper Frank
Published: May 2021

This article contributes to reflective practice amongst scientists who engage with citizens in the digital public sphere, by exploring the scientists' experiences and underlying perspectives on their role repertoires in online science-society interactions. Semi-structured interviews were held with 26 European scientists to investigate their focus and contribution in boundary interactions, perspective on appropriate model of science communication, and activities, outputs and addressees in the digital public sphere — together comprising a role repertoire. The intended role of scientists often did not match with their deployed repertoire in online interactions with citizens. Participants were left with the feeling that the digital public sphere provides hollow interactions, devaluates scientific expertise or even represents a hostile environment. In order to capitalise on the promise of the digital public sphere for constructive interactions with a diverse public, a reflective practice is needed that aligns scientists' intended contribution to science-society interactions with the scientists' perspective and deployed online repertoires.
Challenges in the collaboration between researchers and in-house communication professionals in the digital media landscape
Authors: Koivumäki Kaisu , Karvonen Erkki , Koivumäki Timo
Published: May 2021

In the changing science communication landscape, researchers may govern their public science-society relations through the social media connections at their fingertips. However, digital media outreach may create challenges for researchers and cause changes in the communication professionals' role. The aim of this qualitative interview study was to enhance understanding of the challenges in the rarely explored organizational collaboration between researchers and communication professionals. The results identify ambiguous duties and responsibilities, as well as blurring boundaries of occupational roles and coordination challenges in content production.
Public online engagement with science information: on the road to a theoretical framework and a future research agenda
Authors: Taddicken Monika , Krämer Nicole
Published: May 2021

Internet technologies and specifically social media have drastically changed science communication. The public no longer merely consume science-related information but participate (for example, by rating and disseminating) and generate their own content. Likewise, scientists are no longer dependent on journalists as gatekeepers to spreading relevant information. This paper identifies and reflects on relevant theoretical strands that help to inform theoretical frameworks and research agendas. Therefore, we discuss the technological structures and resulting affordances, a new knowledge order and its actors, as well as trust and rationality as important constructs.
Supporting quality in science communication: insights from the QUEST project
Authors: Mannino Ilda , Bell Laura , Costa Enrico , Di Rosa Matteo , Fornetti Alessandra , Franks Suzanne , Iasillo Claudia , Maiden Neil , Olesk Arko , Pasotti Jacopo , Renser Berit , Roche Joseph , Schofield Barbara , Villa Roberta , Zollo Fabiana
Published: May 2021

The promotion of quality is a critical aspect to consider in the re-examination of science communication. This problem is analysed in the research carried out by the QUEST project, as featured in this paper. Engaging key stakeholders in a codesign process — through interviews, focus groups, workshops and surveys — the research identified barriers to quality science communication and on the basis of these, proposes a series of tools and supporting material that can serve as incentives toward quality science communication for different stakeholders across the fields of journalism, social media, and museum communication. And it highlights in particular the significance of training in order to promote professionalism amongst communicators.
Climate change and public perception. Citizens' proposals for better communication and involvement
Authors: Dziminska Malgorzata , Mendoza Isabel , Pellegrini Giuseppe , Rowland Jussara
Published: May 2021

This paper explains how a participative approach was used to collect first-hand citizens’ suggestions on how to improve science communication regarding Climate Change. A public consultation involving citizens from 5 different European countries revealed various perspectives concerning their communication preferences on scientific topics. Five main themes emerged following citizens' proposals for better communication and involvement: producer of information, medium, message strategies, audiences and areas of action and engagement.
O ano de 1993: distopia e direitos humanos
Authors: Zilberman Regina
Published: May 2021

O ano de 1993, de José Saramago, publicado em 1975, retrata uma sociedade invadida por um potência estrangeira despótica, que oprime a população nativa. A data indicada no título, em contraposição à da publicação do livro, aponta para um futuro catastrófico, o que associa o poema ao gênero distópico. As atrocidades cometidas violam os direitos civis dos habitantes do país ocupado. Assim, O ano de 1993 faculta uma reflexão sobre as relações entre o gênero distópico e o exercício das políticas em nome dos direitos humanos em um texto literário.
The Effect of Teaching Methods (Lecturing, Reading, Cooperative Learning, and Skill Training) and the Level of Intelligence on the Outcomes of Learning Arabic in High School/تأثير طرق التعليم (المحاضرة و القراءة و التعليم التعاوني و تدريب المهارة) ومستوى
Authors: Setawati Iga
Published: May 2021

This study aims Knowing the Interaction between teaching methodology and intelligence on learning achievement in Arabic at MAPK MAN 1 Surakarta year lesson 2019/2020. This research applied quantitative. Conducted at MAPK MAN 1 Surakarta from january-february 2020. While the sample is class XI PK. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach using experimental methods.  collection techniques using Observation, Test and Documentation. Analysis techniques using the normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. The conclusion of this reasearch is the influence of teaching method (Lecture, Recitation, and Grup in Work, Skill Training) and the level of Intellegence on Arabic learning Achievement in MAPK MAN 1 Surakarta. There were significant differences in Arabic learning using the lecture and recitation methods and students taught using group work methods and skills training. from the calculated r value greater than r table, namely rh = 0.49 0.44 = rt, There was a difference in the learning to students with low IQ or students in 1` lower IQ group. the calculated r value greater than the table, namely: rh = 0.78 0.44 = rt, The method of teaching group work and skills training can significantly improve students' learning in the experimental class when compared to the control group. This can be seen from the difference in the average value achieved by the two groups where the experimental group is greater than the control group, namely: 96 94.
Learning Qawa'id Al-Lughah Al-'Arabiyyah with Active Learning Strategies/ Pembelajaran Qawa’id Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyah dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif
Authors: Hafidah Hafidah
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe the learning of Qawa'id al Lughah al Arabiyah with an active learning strategy that makes it easy for students to learn materials that have been considered difficult. These objectives are detailed by 1) identifying active learning methods used in sharf and nahwu lectures; 3) describe the steps of learning activities for each method; 4) explain the competency achievements obtained by students. This study used a qualitative approach with data analysis used in this study including unit processing, categorization, checking the validity of the data, and interpreting the data. The data analysis process was carried out interactively starting from data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study explain that learning Qawa'id al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah (Sharf and Nahwu) is carried out using active learning strategies, namely Jigsaw, Small Group Discussion, Reading a load, Peer Tutors, and games. This makes students able to attain competence in three educational domains, namely attitude (affective), knowledge (cognitive), and skills (psychomotor) proportionally, and more comprehensively understand materials that have been considered difficult so far.
Modelling and assessing driving factors of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the sand dunes in the district of Errachidia, Morocco
Authors: SINSIN Tudal , MOUNIR Fouad , ABOUDI Ahmed El
Published: May 2021

The desertification affects more than 250,000 ha in the district of
Errachidia and results in the expansion of desert landscapes such as the
Regs, Hamadas and the Dunes. The latter is a big concern in the district
since it is the source of siltation, which threatens dwellings,
cultivated lands and water bodies. It is of paramount importance to
understand the causes and consequences of silting to develop strategies
to combat it. Thus, first, we analysed the spatial and temporal dynamics
of sand dunes until 2069 by applying the Seasonal Autoregressive
Integrated Moving-Average (SARIMA) model on a time series of sand dune
areas. These areas were calculated annually from 1987 to 2019 by
computing the sand cover index (SCI) on Landsat satellite images.
Furthermore, we evaluated the influence of different natural and human
factors such as temperature, precipitation, wind, vegetation, and
population growth, on sand dune dynamics using Spearman’s correlation
test. The results indicated that the area of sand dunes will increase by
1.7% per year between 2019 and 2069 in the district of Errachidia. This
increase would be mainly caused by the combined action of ecological
factors, which vary from year to year. In general, temperature and
precipitation act indirectly on wind and vegetation to influence the
dynamics of sand dunes in hyper-arid areas where the soil is bare or
poorly covered with vegetation, where precipitation is low and where
temperature is high.
ACE2 Polymorphisms Reflected on the Immune and Apelinergic Peptide Systems: Potential COVID-19 Tools for Risk Stratification and Therapy.
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: May 2021

ACE2 polymorphisms have been previously linked to increased
susceptibility to multiple diseases and are currently linked to SARS
CoV-2 susceptibility and complications. Notably, ACE2 transcribed or
regulated proteins include the activity of metaloproteinsase-2 and
apelin-13 and 36, might be linked to abnormal immune responses and
complications. Potential genetic or serological tests might be developed
to detect the higher vulnerable groups to SARS CoV-2 complications
and/or mortality. Moreover, we postulate that diabetic and obese
patients suffer from exhausted and/or abnormally functioning apelinergic
peptides that predispose them to a higher severe COVID-19 risk. Finally,
infusion of apelin-13 to treat selected critical cases of COVID-19,
especially those complaining of refractory advanced heart failure, might
be considered for clinical trials.
Non-Professional Investors' Judgments of the Reliability of Fair Value Estimates—The Impact of Investor Mood
Authors: Chen Wei , Harding Noel , He Wen
Published: May 2021

We study whether investor mood affects non-professional investors' judgments of the reliability of fair value estimates. In two experiments, we find that investor mood, which is a factor that is unrelated to the assessment of reliability across the fair value hierarchy, is associated with differences in the extent to which Level 1 fair values are perceived to be more reliable than Level 3 fair values. As mood becomes more positive, investors perceive greater differences in the extent to which Level 1 fair values are more reliable than Level 3 fair values. Importantly, we find that including brief definitions in the headings under which fair values are reported reduces the influence of mood over perceptions of reliability, and likely improves the effectiveness of fair value disclosures.
Is it a Tip or a Gift? Investigating Duberstein in the Modern Gratuity Era
Authors: Tapis Gregory P. , Tassin Kerri L. , Usrey Spencer C.
Published: May 2021

In the modern era of social media, users frequently promote their acts of generosity. Included in these acts of generosity are tips to restaurant servers that exceed customary amounts. Due to the extraordinary amounts of the transfers, the proper tax treatment as a “gift” or a “tip” is called into question. In Commissioner v. Duberstein, the Supreme Court addressed gifts versus taxable transfers, but did not provide a clear test for taxpayers. In the 60 years since Duberstein, Congress has yet to address the call of Duberstein to create an appropriate test for gift treatment. In this paper, we analyze prior law on gifts and tips. Next, we apply the law to scenarios based on current events. Finally, we recommend that Congress address transfers where the appropriate treatment as a “gift” or a “tip” is in question.
Barriers to Technology Use and Endocrinology Care for Underserved Communities With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Walker Ashby F. , Hood Korey K. , Gurka Matthew J. , Filipp Stephanie L. , Anez-Zabala Claudia , Cuttriss Nicolas , Haller Michael J. , Roque Xanadu , Naranjo Diana , Aulisio Gina , Addala Ananta , Konopack Jason , Westen Sarah , Yabut Katarina , Mercado Elvira , Look Sydney , Fitzgerald Brian , Maizel Jennifer , Maahs David M.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Disparities in type 1 diabetes related to use of technologies like continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and utilization of diabetes care are pronounced based on socioeconomic status (SES), race, and ethnicity. However, systematic reports of perspectives from patients in vulnerable communities regarding barriers are limited.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

To better understand barriers, focus groups were conducted in Florida and California with adults ≥18 years old with type 1 diabetes with selection criteria including hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis, HbA1c >9%, and/or receiving care at a Federally Qualified Health Center. Sixteen focus groups were conducted in English or Spanish with 86 adults (mean age 42 ± 16.2 years). Transcript themes and pre–focus group demographic survey data were analyzed. In order of frequency, barriers to diabetes technology and endocrinology care included 1) provider level (negative provider encounters), 2) system level (financial coverage), and 3) individual level (preferences).

RESULTS

Over 50% of participants had not seen an endocrinologist in the past year or were only seen once including during hospital visits. In Florida, there was less technology use overall (38% used CGMs in FL and 63% in CA; 43% used pumps in FL and 69% in CA) and significant differences in pump use by SES (P = 0.02 in FL; P = 0.08 in CA) and race/ethnicity (P = 0.01 in FL; P = 0.80 in CA). In California, there were significant differences in CGM use by race/ethnicity (P = 0.05 in CA; P = 0.56 in FL) and education level (P = 0.02 in CA; P = 0.90 in FL).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings provide novel insights into the experiences of vulnerable communities and demonstrate the need for multilevel interventions aimed at offsetting disparities in diabetes.
Модель границ гиперпараллелепипеда
Authors: Мурзич Виктор
Published: May 2021

Предмет изучения - модель границ гиперпараллелепипеда изготовленная из дерева.

Статья посвящена способности нашего сознания к восприятию математически обоснованных свойств многомерных пространств.
The Solitary Rover: Niceties of Frankl’s Logotherapy in Vallee’s Wild
Authors: K. J. Jissmon
Published: May 2021

The meaninglessness of existential philosophy was celebrated and was at its peak until the formulation of the psychotherapic theories by Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist as well as a Holocaust survivor, Viktor Emil Frankl.  Frankl introduced new psychoanalytic and psychotherapic terms into the realm of studies related to the complexities of human mind. It was in his seminal work, Man’s Search for Meaning (1946), that Frankl introduced the idea of Logotherapy, as a clinical as well as a psychological term. Frankl with his notion of logotherapy refuted the nihilistic aspects of existentialism and certain like philosophies.” Here, the protagonist, Cheryl Strayed, in Vallee’s Wild (2014) sets out for a journey to find out about herself and the ultimate meaning of her life. Cheryl, during her journey, leaves all of her material possessions and familial relations behind. Here, one may tend to see her  as an “existential “one but in a more wider sense, she is not celebrating the meaninglessness, rather she strives hard to find a meaning in her life to live on. This paper opens a new outlook towards this movie, especially towards the character of Cheryl Strayed.
Multicultural education as a new trend in pedagogy
Authors: Bohatyryova Galina , Pishchanska Viktoriia , Botvinko-Botiuk Olena , Zozulia Iryna , Kostrytsia Nataliia
Published: May 2021

Ukraine is now actively experiencing mass immigration movements due to its location. For immigrants, it is rather a "transit country" on the EU route, but often it is in our country that the transit route ends. Research shows that immigrant children face several challenges in their educational lives. Among them are communication problems and discrimination that arise due to linguistic and cultural differences. Many countries experiencing immigration movements around the world often use multicultural approaches to education to address the educational issues of foreigners. That is why there is a need for a comprehensive study of the literature, and this study, in particular, will be useful for considering the topic as a whole. The results of the study showed that three main approaches to education could solve the problem of the integration of foreign children into Ukrainian society. Research methods are comparative analysis, generalization, systematization, synthesis, analogies, classification, grouping, correlation, and cluster analysis.
Application of distributed optical control technology in ship power systems
Authors: Bordyug Alexander Sergeevich
Published: May 2021

The article considers the point sensor technology for onshore power systems, which has a significant potential in providing new and effective solutions for monitoring and protecting marine electrical systems. These technologies can reduce the risk levels associated with marine electrical systems by providing comprehensive monitoring and protection functions that benefit from the distributed nature of the metering system. There has been described a system that consists of a data collecting device with optical fiber to collect multiple readings from a distributed passive array of sensors connected along a fiber length up to 100 km (applicable for any marine systems). There have been illustrated the variants of distributed monitoring and protection system in marine electrical systems. It has been stated that in the advanced marine systems there are used all-electric propulsion systems that distribute electricity between the ship's propulsion plants and other consumers. The power distribution has been proved necessary to rise efficiency, controllability, flexibility and cost of the system. Application of the new DC systems with zoned architecture, the emergence of batteries and other forms of power storage, and studying the superconducting cables and machines add to the importance of having knowledge of system operability and timely and safe response to failures and damages of the system.
Severe Type of Erythema Multiforme (EM major) due to Administration of Anti-PD-1 Antibody Drug
Authors: Yano Shoya , Okuno Aika , Furukawa Fukumi
Published: May 2021

Immune checkpoint inhibitors can sometimes cause unexpected skin side effects. Special attention should be paid to a severe form of erythema multiforme (EM), toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. We experienced a patient who took 10 weeks from drug discontinuation to the onset of EM major.
Atypical complication in an adult patient with dengue and autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a case report
Authors: Chamnanchanunt Supat , Thungthong Pravinwan , Nakhakes Chajchawan , Chonsawat Putza , Suwanban Tawatchai
Published: May 2021

Severe dengue infection is associated with life-threatening complications, including severe bleeding. The bleeding tendency is typically associated with the shock phase of infection, for which blood replacement may be needed. However, repetitive blood transfusion can lead to volume overload. Administration of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) might be used to counteract bleeding without inducing volume overload. We describe the case of a patient with severe dengue infection who presented with intractable bleeding; he was initially treated with massive blood transfusions, which resulted in volume overload. He was then treated with rFVIIa to reverse the bleeding. During the second week of his hospitalization, his hematocrit dropped precipitously, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia was diagnosed. Supportive treatment was provided until recovery. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a rare complication in adult patients with dengue. Supportive care was effective for this atypical complication.
Cуицидальный терроризм как разновидность террористической деятельности
Authors:   Квасникова Т. В., Лобач Д. В., Сиссоко М.
Published: May 2021

В статье рассматриваются криминологические особенности суицидального терроризма как вида политического насилия в наше время. Несмотря на то, что суицидальный терроризм проявляется в разные исторические эпохи, однако только со второй половины XX века терроризм смертников становится широко применяемой тактикой насильственного политического давления. Прове-дённый анализ обзорных позиций по данной теме позволяет определить суицидальный терроризм как насильственную практику, направленную на причинение максимального ущерба гражданскому населению и (или) гражданским объектам, а равно государственным органам власти, учреждениям или международным организациям в целях устрашения населения и воздействия на официальные органы власти, которая при этом сопровождается сознательным отказом исполнителя от спасения своей жизни. При этом сам суицидальный терроризм представлен в двух формах: классический суицидальный терроризм и суицидальный терроризм высокой вероятности. На основании анализа статистических данных относительно распространения суицидального терроризма в мире определяется резкая тенденция роста данного вида терроризма в XXI веке, а также прослеживаются корреляционные изменения удельного коэффициента причинения вреда в зависимости от тактики суицидального терроризма. Рассматриваются два ключевых подхода касательно понимания причин суицидального терроризма. В контексте первого подхода суицидальный терроризм объясняется с позиции религиозного самосознания и кризиса культурно-национальных ценностей, исторически складывающихся в традиционном обществе. В рамках второго подхода детерминация суицидального терроризма обусловливается соци-альным протестом против несправедливой системы социальной организации и сложившихся общественных отношений. В рамках этого подхода общеопасные акты самоубийства совершаются в целях воздействия на публичные органы власти с тем, чтобы изменить социальную стратификацию, ликвидировать дискриминационные отношения, редуцировать риски социальной несправедливости, а также изменить сложившуюся систему распределения общественных благ.
Ключевые слова: терроризм, террористическая преступность, политическое насилие, суицидальный терроризм, терроризм смертников, криминальный суицид, религиозный терроризм, классический суицидальный терроризм и суицидальный терроризм высокой вероятности, расширение географии террористических угроз.
The effect of the efficiency of monetary policy educational tools on the financial soundness of banks A pilot study in the Iraq Stock Exchange (2007-2017)
Authors: AL-hakim Nasreen Mohamed , Yousif Akram S.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research is to identify the impact of the quantitative tools of monetary policy on the financial soundness of banks, and the research was based on a set of hypotheses, to determine the nature of the effect between independent and dependent variables, and for the purpose of testing research hypotheses, a number of financial ratios according to CAMEL indicators were used to analyze the historical data of banks, the research sample and the component From (7) banks for the period (2007-2017), the quantitative tools of monetary policy were used from the impact published in the Central Bank of Iraq, and a number of statistical methods were used, including time series testing, joint integration test and multiple regression test according to programs.EVIES10 has been reached through the research to a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the CAMEL classification system is one of the effective supervisory methods for assessing the financial soundness of banks and determining the duration of the strength and durability of their financial positions and the extent of their ability to adapt to any variables related to their activities, as it ensures that the banks are moving in the direction. Correct or reverse, and the weakness of the monetary policy tools applied by the Central Bank of Iraq due to the limited Iraqi market for securities as it is still incomplete conditions as a secondary market that contributes to expanding the circulation of securities, which constitutes a burden on the use of quantitative tools of the Central Bank of Iraq, especially open market operations,As well as the weakness of the legal reserve ratio in the impact on the ability of commercial banks to grant credit, because commercial banks in Iraq enjoy high liquidity due to the high rate of inflation significantly. The research also presented a set of proposals, the most important of which is the activation of the monetary policy tools of the Central Bank of Iraq, which is currently being used to modernize, develop and increase the efficiency of the stock market in Iraq to keep pace with developments in global markets,nd developing the supervisory and supervisory role of the Central Bank of Iraq over Iraqi banks in terms of the extent of their commitment to regulations and laws and activating and activating the banking sector in a way that serves to build a banking infrastructure that keeps pace with the development of international banks. Delinquency and low capital adequacy ratio, thus hedging and beware of any problems that arise in the banking sector.
Key words: monetary policy, quantitative tools of monetary policy, financial soundness, the CAMEL model, Iraq Stock Exchange Market.
Effect of Citric Acid on Electrochemical Properties of Liquid Electrolytes
Authors: Noor Nur Farah Izzati Mohd , Saidin Saiyidah Nafisah , Raâ€™il Nur Hani , Mobarak Nadhratun Naiim
Published: May 2021

Effect of citric acid as plasticizer on the electrochemical properties of liquid electrolyte has been studied. Liquid electrolyte was prepared by dissolving citric acid in 1% acetic acid with presence of lithium nitrate salt. Liquid electrolyte is characterized using a conductivity meter to measure the ionic conductivity value. Computer simulation of Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP/6-31G ++ (d, p) basic set was performed to identify the dominant functional group of citric acid when interact with lithium salt. Increasing the weight of citric acid has increased the ionic conductivity up to 44.89 mS/cm with an optimum weight of 4 g, while the ionic conductivity increases up to 43.00 mS/cm when the percentage of lithium nitrate salt increases up to 30%. The ionic conductivity increases as the salt percentage increases due the interaction between salt and functional group of citric acid. Based on computer simulation of DFT, Â the dominant functional group in citric acid that interact with lithium salt are carboxylic acid group which is located in the middle of the citric acid chain causing lithium ions to be more likely interact with citric acid.
Identification of Papillary Patterns in Human Fingers and Toes on the Basis of General Characteristics
Authors: Kaugia Silvia , Lall Annika , Zīle Aelita
Published: May 2021

The article gives a brief overview of the types of papillary ridge patterns of the skin, their location on the digits of fingers and toes. In this study, the authors of the article aimed to determine whether the papillary ridge patterns of a person’s fingers and toes on the hands and feet of the same side are identical in terms of general characteristics. The methods used were the printing ink imprints on dactyloscopic maps and Microsil® impressions, and the comparison of the obtained impressions.
Parodiju veidošana kā autora tiesību ierobežojums
Authors: Veikša Ingrīda
Published: May 2021

Autora veidotu literatūras vai mākslas darbu atsevišķos gadījumos drīkst izmantot bez autora atļaujas, pamatojoties uz likumā noteiktajiem autortiesību ierobežojumiem. Šo ierobežojumu mērķis ir nodibināt līdzsvaru starp autora un sabiedrības tiesībām. Viens no tiesību ierobežošanas veidiem ir parodiju un karikatūru veidošana, kas ir būtiska vārda brīvības sastāvdaļa. Tajā pašā laikā autoram ir tiesības uz pretdarbību sava darba izkropļošanai, jo starp parodiju un izkropļošanu ir ļoti šaura robeža. Tas, kas šķiet smieklīgs joks vienam cilvēkam, citam var šķist aizskārums un aizvainojums. Ja autors uzskata, ka viņa darbs ir izkropļots, ka tas aizskar autora godu vai cieņu, tad šāda rīcība veido autora personisko tiesību aizskārumu un uzskatāma par pārkāpumu. Lai maksimāli izvairītos no neatbilstošu parodiju vai karikatūru radīšanas, Latvijas Republikas Autortiesību likumā būtu ieteicams veikt grozījumus, kas noteiktu kritērijus līdzsvaram starp autora tiesībām uz viņa darba cieņpilnu izmantošanu un sabiedrības tiesībām uz vārda brīvību un cenzūras nepieļaujamību. In certain cases, a literary or artistic work created by the author may be used without the author’s permission, based on the copyright restrictions specified by law. The purpose of these restrictions is to strike a balance between the right of an author and rights of society. One of the restrictions is the right on creation of parodies and caricatures, which is an essential component of freedom of expression. At the same time, the author has the right to take actions against the distortion of his work, because there is a very narrow line between parody and distortion. What seems like a funny joke to one person may seem offensive and resentful to another. If the author considers that his work is distorted, if it infringes the author’s honour or dignity, then such action constitutes an infringement of the author’s moral rights and is considered a violation. In order to avoid the creation of inappropriate parodies or caricatures, it would be advisable to make amendments to the Copyright Law that would ensure a balance between the author’s right to dignified use of his work and the society’s right of freedom of expression and inadmissibility of censorship.
Em busca da prosódia inaudível
Authors: Massini-Cagliari Gladis
Published: May 2021

O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é buscar pistas do agrupamento de constituintes prosódicos superiores, tais como a frase entoacional (I) e o enunciado prosódico (U), a partir da consideração da música que acompanha as cantigas religiosas galego-portuguesas atribuídas a Afonso X (1221-1284), as Cantigas de Santa Maria. A metodologia de análise parte da observação da relação entre letra e música, verificando se elementos como duração e proeminência musical podem trazer pistas do processo de constituência prosódica no nível linguístico, ou seja, na marcação das fronteiras desses constituintes prosódicos superiores e da sua proeminência. Os resultados indicam uma preferência pela cumulação de fatores rítmicos e melódicos na marcação da saliência da frase entoacional (I). Com relação ao enunciado prosódico, o alongamento da duração, em nível musical, no final do constituinte, atinge tanto sílabas tônicas quanto átonas, revelando-se um indício confiável para a identificação do limite final de U e, portanto, de sua segmentação.