bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of voice on speech realization
Authors: Breznik Jelka
Published: January 2020

The study discusses spoken literary language and the impact of voice on speech realization. The voice consists of a sound made by a human being using the vocal folds for talking, singing, laughing, crying, screaming… The human voice is specifically the part of human sound production in which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are the primary sound source. Our voice is our instrument and identity card. How does the voice (voice tone) affect others and how do they respond, positively or negatively? How important is voice (voice tone) in communication process? The study presents how certain individuals perceive voice. The results of the research on the relationships between the spoken word, excellent speaker, voice and description / definition / identification of specific voices done by experts in the field of speech and voice as well as non-professionals are presented. The study encompasses two focus groups. One consists of amateurs (non-specialists in the field of speech or voice who have no knowledge in this field) and the other consists of professionals who work with speech or language or voice. The questions were intensified from general to specific, directly related to the topic. The purpose of such a method of questioning was to create relaxed atmosphere, promote discussion, allow participants to interact, complement, and to set up self-listening and additional comments.
Domestic violence in the context of the education of seniors
Authors: ŠMEJKALOVÁ KATEŘINA
Published: January 2020

The article discusses  domestic violence as  dangerous, unlawful and violent conduct, which currently threatens a generation of seniors. The author stresses the need for primary prevention of  domestic violence in the context of the education of seniors, at the University of the Third Age. In the text we present the content focus of  preventative lectures to the target group of seniors. In connection with the content of primary prevention is highlighted to the opportunity to help the victims of domestic violence through the association for assistance to victims of crime „Bílý kruh bezpečí“. On the basis of the exploratory investigation, in the text there where presented the views at the seniors on the issue of the domestic violence.
Employment in Late Adulthood: Psychological Arguments Pro’s and Con’s
Authors: Partyko Tetiana
Published: January 2020

The research participants were people aged 60-79. The research shows that higher employment status contributes to their psychological well-being, primarily to positive interaction with others and their ability to master the environment. The research has proved that higher education and confidence in financial well-being of employed people reduces the intensity of asthenic emotions, while in those unemployed it increases the intensity of asthenic emotions. The employed are more self-confident, their self-confidence contributes to their psychological well-being. Self-confidence of the unemployed people while enhancing psychological well-being at the same time increases sthenic emotions. It is shown that reticence as self-attitude modality plays a greater role in the personality structure of the elderly people who are unemployed. The conclusions are made on weak and strong points of employment in late adulthood
SENIOR THEATRE AN IMPORTANT PART OF SENIOR CULTURE
Authors: Kurz Rosemarie
Published: January 2020

The third age is an opportunity and can be used wisely. Going to university, travelling, volunteering or joining a theater group could be possibilities. The article deals with Cultural Implications, and with senior theatre forging ahead in unexpected and adventurous directions. Last not least about the situation of Senior Theatre in Graz, Austria
An active role for the elderly in the process for an integrated Europe
Authors: López-Liria Remedios , Díaz-López Pilar , Rocamora-Pérez Patricia , Aguilar-Parra José Manuel , Manzano-León Ana , Padilla-Góngora David
Published: January 2020

The European project entitled "Integrating adults and the elderly towards a Europe of knowledge", coordinated by the University of Almería, within the actions of "Grundtvig learning partnerships for adult education", has carried out the assessment of an educational program for people over 55 years in five countries. The aim of the learning partnership was “to encourage the development of innovative practices in education of older people and their transfer between countries”.

Methods: Some of the following teaching tools and methods were used to promote intercultural communication skills: simulation activities, followed by reflective discussion and/or written analysis; guided group activities; local visits to contact people from other countries; ethnographic projects.

Results: The courses provide knowledge and understanding about culture, institutions and different ways of life in diverse communities, and encourage reflection about their own cultural behaviour, practices and attitudes, as well as those of others. Old people enhance communication in their community, by means of meetings in which they talk about their common concerns. This can help the elderly to overcome problems and reduce feelings of loneliness. The courses also help old people acquire new knowledge and skills in a rapidly changing world.

Conclusions: Participants’ motivation increased as the sessions were developed, since the contents of the classes agreed with their own interests, with a constant widening of knowledge. Everybody had an active role in the discussions. This training has shown some aspects about ageing, such as the removal of the image of  the idle retired person; at the same time it promotes active retirement, intergenerational relationships and independence, and improves social and personal skills
PHYSIOTHERAPY METHODS IN PREVENTION OF FALLS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: GAJOS MAŁGORZATA , PERKOWSKI RADOSŁAW , KUJAWSKA AGNIESZKA , ANDROSIUK JOANNA , WYDRA JOANNA , FILIPSKA KAROLINA
Published: January 2020

The process of population ageing is observed not only in Poland but also in other European countries. Physiological processes of ageing  reduces the functional capacity. In particular, associated diseases, progressive weakness and failure of the motor system increases the risk of collapse in seniors. Dangerous consequences of falls, inter alia, injuries, can often cause death, what justifies its classification as a so-called geriatric giant. Health and psychosocial consequences of falls should be noted. Therefore, there is a great need for induction of preventive measures. Many results of studies constantly show, that an effective intervention in preventing falls in seniors should include, first and foremost, multidirectional rehabilitation, which aims to improve balance and increase postural strength muscle. In addition, prevention should include: patient education, pharmacotherapy prescribed by a medical specialist, eyesight improvement, elimination of potential risks surrounding the patient. The introduction of multi-directional prevention of falls can reduce the risk of their occurrence up to 50%
Open educational resources: between mcschool and creative school
Authors: Janowska Anna Anetta
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the paper is to analyse whether open educational resources (OER), perceived by their enthusiasts as a key factor to economic, social and environmental progress, are a sufficient element to trigger a revolution in education - the world education systems suffering from the process of McDonaldization which impedes them from evolving towards the XXI century “creative school” structure. The analysis, based on a number of surveys conducted and published in Poland between 2013 and 2015 (Poland being in fact used as a case study) reveals, firstly, that the usage of OER is less frequent and common than it is supposed to be. Secondly, these resources serve as a complement to the traditional methodologies rather than a source of creative change, their real potential remaining undiscovered. Last but not least, to flourish, this potential demands a switch of paradigm at each level of the educational ecosystem, which principally means more freedom for teachers to create their own methodologies, including creative usage of OER, and ways of assessing students.
Translating Anna Karenina - to the Question About the Pragmatics of Translation
Authors: Gurina Ekaterina
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the stylistic peculiarities of the translations made by R. Pevear and L. Volokhonsky, L. and A. Maud, J. Carmichael of the novel Anna Karenina by L. Tolstoy on the basis of pragmastylistics and comparative analysis. It tries to analyze the text of the novel using the lingo-stylistic characteristics in accordance with the national bias in the way of thinking and individual creative preferences of every translator taking an attempt to introduce a foreign picture of the world to his countrymen. It underlines the impact of Tolstoy’s complicated attitude towards the customs and traditions of the Russian Orthodox church and the specific relationship of the author of the novel with God and its manifestation in the description of the heroes’ characters. In stresses how vital it may turn out to preserve the author’s ideostyle - lexis and syntax (the word order, the choice of them and the length of the sentences) for the successful interpretation of the writer’s views and stance by the reader.
Creativity for tourism curricula: results and implications
Authors: Perederenko Kamila
Published: January 2020

Creative specialists are highly demanded in the tourism labour market. This fact is highlighted in the significance of the study on how creativity is fostered in tourism higher education. The objective of this study is to develop a tool for creativity evaluation. In order to attain this objective a  literature review to identify underlying variables used to measure creativity has been done. The most significant models and tools have been analysed. The empirical part of the research provides an analysis of the evaluation of creativity needs of Latvian tourism students. This report analyses the findings of the second stage of the research  – a  questionnaire survey conducted in a well-acknowledged higher education institution in Latvia providing internationally accredited tourism programs. For this stage of the research questionnaires were randomly distributed among local and international students of tourism programs. The results of the study enabled identification of the most significant factors in evaluating creativity.
How are education and minority status connected: The case of Romanian Roma in Wrocław
Authors: Marczak Michalina
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to discuss the connection between compulsory schooling and minority status, and how they are related to differential performance of minorities in national education systems. After describing the theoretical framework based on the works of John Ogbu, I will attempt to present how his Cultural-Ecological Theory of School Performance refers to Romanian Roma community in Wrocław, Poland, which is a group systematically excluded from the dominant society. The analysis suggests that systemic forces act against Roma. This is marked by discrimination towards them in schools and in the labour market. On the side of Roma, mistrust in public institutions, fear of loosing cultural identity and seeing escaping the pariah status as unobtainable leads to lack of investment in formal education.
Seven cardinal sins of science
Authors: Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: January 2020

This article tackles the issues associated with feudal science, which leads to the cultivation of pseudo-science, the creation of inadequate assessment criteria and inappropriate mechanisms in assisting the development of science. Some characteristic symptoms of this pathalogical system are presented and brought together as a coherent whole. Feudal science cannot be reformed, but must be replaced by a healthy system of funding and research management. Particular defence mechanisms should above all be a concentration on quality of research and engagement in international scientific co-operation, thus counter-balancing the feudal science system
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CIVIC IDENTITY
Authors: Grabovska Sofia Leonidivna , Petrovska Inha Rostyslavivna
Published: January 2020

The civic identity of an individual is seen as a dynamic system of citizen's perceptions of himself / herself and related emotions and value-semantic elements derived from the awareness of the fact that he / she is a citizen of a state and at the same time a member of the community of citizens. The results of the study support the notion that awareness of being a citizen of the state does not already mean having civic identity. Only 34% of interviewed students have a well-formed positive civic identity; 37% are showing some uncertainty, vagueness, ambiguity in their perception of themselves as citizens; 15% reject their Ukrainian civic identity, have a well-formed negative civic identity, and, more than other types, exhibit passive-indifferent civil position; 14% make a group of "potential emigrants" who are ready to change the Ukrainian civic identity for another. The differences in worldview and value-motivational sphere of students with the formed positive ("reached"), undefined ("indistinct" / "diffuse"), formed negative ("negative-passive") and "protest" ("potential immigrants") civic identity have been discovered.
Trade sustainability impact assessment - transformation and modelling: roles of the European Union and Switzerland
Authors: Neimane Leila , Rudusa Ilva
Published: January 2020

This paper as a theoretical perspective based on a literature study addresses trade sustainability impact assessments. They are defined and designed to enhance free trade agreements and conducted either by regional organizations or individual states.

            The paper includes sections on the historical background of the different generations of the impact assessments (sustainability impact assessment, human rights impact assessment) used in the context of international trade, its impact on human rights and relation to environmental refugees, as well as, the influence of the European Union and Switzerland as the international players in shaping these assessments. The conclusion reached in this paper is that although diverse assessment tools are available, there is a need to encourage their greater adoption and use, based upon a holistic approach. The paper highlights the need for the use of theoretical models of trade sustainability impact assessment
Kurdish EFL learners’ conceptual transfer in L2 writing
Authors: Omar Jamal Ali
Published: January 2020

Abstract

The phenomenon of language transfer in SLA learning and use is perennial and cannot be silenced easily. In L2 writing, the phenomenon is found to affect the written products sound nonnative and, even ambiguous. It is thought that the transfer occurs at the conceptual and structural level of language use. The present paper examines Kurdish EFL learners’ writing aiming at identifying transfer types, particularly, the negative transfer. To this end, 20 university level English major students argumentative writing are analyzed focusing on the conjuncts and adjuncts to find out any track of L1 concepts. The logical clause relationship of cause-effect was the area of focus. The results of the study showed that L1 concepts have been used in forming the relations between sentences and clauses spelt out by lexical signals of sentence connectors and subordinators. It is also found that L1 concepts transferred into L2 writing. The insights gained from the results of the study reveal that there is a problem, especially the negative influence of L1, which needs to be attended.
THE ROLE OF SPACE, ACTIVITIES AND SKILLS IN OUTDOOR EDUCATION - USING VISUAL METHODS TO EXPLORE EXPERIENCE IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Kida Paulina
Published: January 2020

The article is a synthetic analysis of the of space, activities and skills in the Outdoor education model in the context of Using Visual Methods to Explore Experience in Qualitative Research. The gathering of research material, in the form of photos was shown in two stages, which were stages with a ratio equivalent. The first situation was researched by The Treehouse Building Camp, organized by Buitendoor in the Netherlands, in the woods around Nunspeet (VIII 2016), the other one Low Rope Course was organized by the Laboratory of Science and Adventure and instructors Actionworx Germany (X 2016). The collected research help to compare Dutch and Polish practice in the field of outdoor adventure education. For the researcher, an important aspect is looking at the social capital of the Dutch and Poles.
Perception of persons with ataxia
Authors: Jakubowska Luba , Kazimierska- Zając Magdalena , Rosińczuk Joanna
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons of the forming of erroneous, unfavourable perception of persons with spinocerebellar ataxia.

Concept. Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are a group of degenerative disorders leading to damage of the cerebellum and its connections (Klockgether, Paulson, 2011). The following are distinguished among the neurological speech difficulties present in persons with SCA: dysphagia (difficulties with swallowing leading to problems with eating), speech disorders, and mental disorders. Each of these groups of disorders may lead to the stigmatisation of persons with SCA. Such persons might be seen as sloppy and helpless, and the specificity of speech impairments and uncoordinated movements as well as their irregular gait may cause these persons to be perceived as inebriated. Such presumptions lead to difficulties in social functioning and may be the cause of discrimination, including the denial of help.

Conclusion: What is helpful in combating prejudice is, first and foremost, the dissemination of knowledge about the condition, including launching social campaigns presenting the labelled symptoms of SCA.

What is more, work with the patient ought to be focused on the development of coping strategies in the social environment rather than alleviating physical difficulties exclusively.
Working with Socially Maladjusted Youths and Children With Developmental Disorders. Predictors and Correlations of Health Among Personnel in Youth Centres
Authors: Szrajda Justyna , Sygit-Kowalkowska Ewa , Weber-Rajek Magdalena , Tudorowska Malwina , Ziółkowski Marcin , Borkowska Alina
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background

Representatives of helping professions who are working with socially maladjusted youths and children with developmental disorders are particularly exposed to occupational stress. The aim of the study was to evaluate mental and physical well-being, as well as their correlates and predictors in a group of employees working at youth educational centres and sociotherapy centres.

Materials and Methods

A total of 96 employees working at youth educational centres and sociotherapy centres took part in the study. The following psychometric tools were used: the Psychosocial Working Conditions Questionnaire, the Mini-COPE, the LOT-R, and the GSES.

Results

The results obtained indicate that people working in helping professions experience mental and physical health problems. Only 3% of the subjects declared they sleep all night. Over 40% and over 35% of the subjects estimate they suffer from low mood and irritation episodes, respectively, rather frequently or continually. Subjects with poorer mental health are more likely to use Helplessness, Avoidance behaviours, or Turning to religion to cope with stress. The strongest predictor of mental well-being is the sense of self-efficacy. Whereas, the strongest predictor of physical well-being is the ability to cope with stress by giving into the feeling of Helplessness.

 

Conclusions

The study demonstrated poor mental and physical well-being of the subjects. A statistically significant correlation was found between sex and the level of mental and physical health. Employees working at youth educational centres and sociotherapy centres with better mental and physical well-being had a stronger sense of self-efficacy and a higher level of life optimism.
A Cultural overview on the concept of infinity
Authors: Di Sia Paolo
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The human being meets the idea of infinity very early, still a child, when he  realises that he can go on counting using  natural numbers until it is impossible to continue to count. The idea of infinity attracts and rejects, sometimes becomes an  object of desire and sometimes of study and systematic research. Infinity is the testimony that intellect, even starting from experience, can overcome limits and boundaries. Our own limited experience on the Earth suggests the existence of something beyond it. Scientists, artists, philosophers, musicians, writers, mathematicians have often assumed towards this concept positions and opinions sensitively different. Infinity would be, by its etymology and nature, what escapes all possible classification and measurement, while mathematics tends to classify and measure every object it examines, and  has been able to measure it. Infinity follows us from primary school until university, but often remains a misunderstood concept in the mathematical sense.
Psycho-semiotic model of thinking. Combining Klein and Peirce theory of symbol for more comprehensive model of mind
Authors: Iwaszuk Marta
Published: January 2020

Thesis: Aim of the paper is to present Melanie Klein and Charles S. Peirce concept of symbol in order to combine them into scheme that presents conscious and unconscious aspect of thinking through symbolic signs (signs based on convention).

Presented concepts: Paper presents concept of symbol in psychoanalytical and semiotic perspective. Psychoanalytical view is based on interpretation of symbol according to object relation paradigm proposed by Klein. There are two reasons for selecting her theory for the model: it is most closely bound with interdependency between communication and thinking plus her concept of proper symbol fulfills definition of symbolic sign in Peirce theory, due to deployment of matter of absence in substitution process. Peirce theory however is selected to present semiotic perspective not only for its good linkage to Klein’s “proper symbol” but also for its accurate understating of object representation in quasi- mind through Representamen and as a result recognition of symbol embedment in code through unlimited semiosis. Chosen concepts are consolidated into psycho-semiotic model of thinking which recognizes symbol to be co-created by unique internal world of unconscious phantasy with simultaneous employment of semiotic devices oriented to external, group order perspective.

Results and conclusions: Proposed psycho-semiotic model of thinking enhances psychoanalytic view, based on drive for object, by recognizing communication means required for meaningful relation and with that for thinking itself. As a result conceptualizing thinking processes is enriched with semiotic discoveries such as mechanics and structure of Representamen and Interpretant, along with indispensable code rules, with unlimited semiosis at its core. In turn psychoanalytical view adds to semiotic perspective sensitivity to individual potential and constrains when code is in use and with that raises precision of exploration in the field.

Contribution to the field: Proposed model enriches theory of thinking based on object relations with semiotic sign theory, which being focused on communication serves as a frame for establishing object relations and their conceptualization. In turn employing psychoanalytic perspective into semiotic field brings back code theory to actual code usage, and by that expands it to various unconscious forces, which ultimately determine Interpretant
The significance of educational activeness among the elderly in a social and psychological context
Authors: Marcinkiewicz-Wilk Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this article is to show the significance of educational activeness among the elderly in the context of its adaptation to the ageing process itself (the psychological aspect), as well as to a rapidly changing society defined by technological progress (the social aspect).

Method. The article has been formulated with the aid of critical literature on the subject

Conclusion. Educational activeness is crucial in late adulthood. On the one hand it is an important element in allowing the elderly to adapt to a new stage of life, and on the other hand to keep up with a rapidly changing society, defined in the literature as the information society.
QUALITY OF ARCHITECUTRE AND PUBLIC SPACES AS A RESULT OF COUNTRY’S PUBLIC PROCUREMENT CULTURE
Authors: Kowalczyk Maciej Wojciech
Published: January 2020

Thesis. The quality of emerging public spaces and buildings is related to the public procurement culture of a given country. One can not count on achieving high quality public space, architecture without a democratic debate on the subject. The space, which is decided only by a small group of technocrats, the project, which is subject to only the price criterion, results in accidental solutions.

Methods. The article shows the basic methods provided for by law to select public projects. Indicates the advantages and disadvantages of individual processes. It analyzes examples of appreciated realizations that arose as a result of architectural competitions.

Results. Tools provided in the public procurement law, such as social debate in the form of architectural competitions build a better quality of the created space. The existence of such a link is proven by the awards granted to spaces completed under such processes.

Conclusions. Projects created using these tools account for less than 1% of all public procurement in Poland. One should strive for a change that would promote these processes, especially outside large cities, thus increasing the quality of spaces created from public money.
Cooperative research– on collective fieldnotes, experience negotiation and common text
Authors: Gańko Anna , Łątkowski Mikołaj
Published: January 2020

Aim.  The aim is to depict specificy of fieldnotes  as a first result of research experience are standing between perception which obviously has to be personal (even if it's based on non-individual experience) and text which main feature is to be intersubjectively understandable.
Method. The study is based on experience of conducting collaborative fieldwork and writing common fieldnotes. Paper itself is also an example of collaborative work - written together is an opportunity to share theoretical perspective on team research grounded in fieldwork experience in process.
Resullt and Conclusions. Fieldnotes as a part of fieldwork process are first step of translation from subjective experience to objective knowledge. In the case of collaborative writing, unlike in the case of report where the final research result is presented which can have the form of general, conclusion, fieldnotes are much more dynamic – become domain of negotiation revealing crucial points of collective fieldwork experience.
Fifty Shades of Translation: On the Patterns in the English to Polish Translation of Erotica
Authors: Karpińska Patrycja , Olejniczak Jędrzej
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this article is to investigate the patterns in the translation of sex-related vocabulary from English to Polish in search for any changes regarding the markedness, poetics, and linguistic variety.
Methods. The study is conducted on the pairs of English erotic novels and their Polish translations. It involves both quantitative (corpus-based methods) and qualitative (Descriptive ranslation Studies) methods.
Results. The results indicate significant change in the area of marked vocabulary. In English-Polish translation, a vast majority of the marked vocabulary related to sex is replaced with unmarked vocabulary, paraphrased, or simply deleted. The qualitative analysis also suggests certain changes in the poetics of text, introduced by the means of addition. These changes mostly result in sexual encounters becoming more romanticised in translation.
Conclusions. While the observed trends in translation are unmistakeable, it cannot be concluded with certainty what have led to the changes of the source text. Since the analysed texts were all published around the same time, by different publishing houses, and were translated by different translators, we are leaning towards the hypothesis of self-censorship in translation.
Reducing architecture to an image
Authors: Lewandowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Aim. The subject of this work is reduction of architecture complexity to particular image, deprived of its context and time. The author aims to present the problem of perceiving architecture through visual experience only.

Methods. The author of the article describes the process of reduction basing on example of iconic sacred building – Church if the Light, designed by Japanese architect Tadao Ando.  The analysis of all stages of transformation and reinterpretation of original complex design is conducted. The aim is to  indicate how misrepresentation of design and reduction to particular image was transferred to architecture once again.

Results and Conclusion.  The essential conclusion of the article is the impact and power of image culture. The author of the article indicates how contemporary world of pictures influences human perception of space and limit it to one sense – sight.
REGISTERED REPORTS AS A METHOD TO INCREASE CREDIBILITY OF SCIENCE – EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AMONG PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Sorokowski Piotr , Groyecka Agata , Błaszczyński Kamil , Frąckowiak Tomasz , Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: January 2020

Aims: The modern scientific publishing system suffers from many problems, amongst which one of the most important  is the pressure to publish positive results. A potentially simple way to mitigate publication bias are reviews of manuscript, prior to the data collection and analyses, as well as results presentation and discussion (i.e. Registered Reports).

Methods: To test this prediction we conducted a quasi-experiment: two groups of students (n=38), as a part of their academic classes, were asked to design and conduct research projects. They were divided in two groups – Registered Reports- and control group. In both groups students have been encouraged to publish their papers in a local scientific journal.

Results: Analyses revealed significant differences in p levels between groups, suggesting more reliable scores for Registered Reports group.

Conclusions: Our study partially confirmed the  stated hypothesis and suggested, that registered reports might mitigate publication bias. Future recommendations are advised.
Investigating the effects of wrestling gear in flatfoot deformity of wrestlers
Authors: Acak M. , Korkmaz M.F. , Taskiran C. , Demirkan E.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: In this study, our aim was to determine the effects of wrestling shoes, wrestling mats and wrestling styles on postural deformation of the foot and to elaborate its possible causes. Material: Study group comprised of 158 athletes (109 males, 59 females) from 26 different countries who participated in the 12th World University Wrestling Championship. Of the athletes, 102 (59 females, 43 males) performed in freestyle and 56 performed in Greco-Roman style. The age range of the athletes was 19 to 31 years and they have done wrestling for 3 to 18 years. Were evaluated to determine the relationship between flatfoot deformity and gender, age, wrestling style and years in the sport. Footprint parameters were used to determine and evaluate the overall structure of the foot. The Staheli and the Chippaux-Smirak indexes were used in the study. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS v.21.0 software, with the significance level set at α=0.05. Results: No significant relationship was found either between the gender of the wrestlers or their age and their pes planus state. A significant relationship was detected between the wrestling style performed and the wrestlers’ pes planus state, and between the years in the sport and their pes planus state. Conclusion: The fact that wrestlers wear the wrestling shoes for a long time can be a cause of pes planus. The center of mass of freestyle wrestlers shifts during continuous feet movement, and the surface of their soles extends the contact surface on the mat to maintain balance. This situation can also lead to a higher prevalence of pes planus in wrestlers. In addition, the wrestling shoes wrap around the Achilles tendon and thus the stretching of this tendon is restricted. Such restriction strengthens the opinion that freestyle wrestlers experience pes planus more.
Criticizing Montessoriâ€™s Method of Early Childhood Education using Islamic Psychology Perspective
Authors: Gumiandari Septi , Nafi'a Ilman , Jamaluddin Dindin
Published: January 2020

This study examined critically Montessoriâ€™s concepts on early childhood education through Islamic Psychology perspective. This research used qualitative methodology with a literature approach. The results showed that (1) Montessoriâ€™s method pays more attention to the cognitive aspect of children development while children potential doesnâ€™t only consist of cognitive, affective, and psycho-motoric aspects, but also spiritual one; (2) Reinforcement are not needed in Montessoriâ€™s method, while in Islamic Psychology, rewards can increase children's learning and punishment is needed to make children become disciplined in carrying out the rules; (3) Learning environment should be structured, in order, realistic and natural. This concept is suitable for upper class educational institutions but it would be difficult for middle-low income groups since the materials required by Montessoriâ€™s method is expensive enough. (4) Parents and teachers are required to become observers and interpreters. This role may pose problem on the part of parents and teachers since not all parents and teachers have criteria to act as is it expected by Montessoriâ€™s method.
Quality Assessment of Systematic Reviews on Platform-Switching vs Platform-Matched Implants: An Overview
Authors: Santiago Joel Ferreira , Lemos Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo , de Luna Gomes Jéssica Marcela , Verri Fellippo Ramos , Moraes Sandra Lucia Dantas , Pellizzer Eduardo Piza
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to perform a quality analysis of systematic reviews with meta-analyses that focused on the comparison of platform-switching (implant-abutment mismatching) and platform-matched (PM) implants. The assessment of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR) and Glenny (Checklist) Scales were used to qualify the studies. PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science (formerly ISI Web of Knowledge), and Cochrane databases were searched, by topic, for systematic reviews on dental implants with switching platforms. A total of 8 systematic reviews, including 7 studies with meta-analyses, were selected. The AMSTAR scale indicated a high (n = 6) to moderate (n = 2) score for the included studies. The quantitative analysis indicated that platform-switching implants preserved more bone tissue when compared with platform-matched implants (6 meta-analyses; P < .001, smaller mean difference: −0.29 mm, 95% CI: −0.38, −0.19 and greater mean difference: −0.49 mm, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.26). Quantitative analysis based on 7 systematic reviews with meta-analysis indicated positive peri-implant bone preservation for implants restored with an implant-abutment mismatching (PSW). Further, there is evidence to improve the design of current systematic reviews. Future systematic reviews in this thematic area should consider searches in gray literature and different databases and include only randomized controlled clinical studies.
The Effects of Class-Wide Social Skill Intervention Based on the Preschool Curriculum on Young Children’s Prosocial Behavior and Social Acceptance toward Peers with Disabilities, and Peer Interaction of Young Children with Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Chang Jee Eun , Lee So Hyun
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of class-wide social skill intervention based on the preschool curriculum on young children’s prosocial behavior and social acceptance toward peers with disabilities, and peer interaction of young children with disabilities. For the study, two 3-year-old inclusive classes of preschoolers were selected as an experimental group and a control group, respectively. In this study, a pretest-posttest control group design was applied to examine the prosocial behavior of young children and the social acceptance of young children toward peers with disabilities. In addition, a case study was conducted to investigate the changes in the peer interaction of children with disabilities in an experimental group. As a result, the young children of the experimental group who participated in a class-wide social skill intervention based on the preschool curriculum showed statistically significant changes in prosocial behavior and social acceptance toward peers with disabilities rather than those of the young children in the control group. The total rates of interaction of young children with disabilities in the experimental group was higher than that of the pretest group. In addition, when comparing the rates of interaction initiated by children with disabilities to those initiated by peers, the rates of interaction initiated by peers was significantly higher than that of children with disabilities. The number of peers who participated in the interaction of children with disabilities increased, and the content of the interaction varied. Based on these results, practical implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Identification of key components for forest education program for blind children
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Yoo Jinsun , Shin Changseob , Choi Jungbai , Yoo Hyesun
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to establish a scientific basis for developing optimal forest education programs for blind children by identifying key components and their respective significance. Throughout this study we surveyed 132 professional educators and researchers and we used statistical analysis (reliability analysis, factor analysis, and principal component regression) to analyze the results using the SPSS statistics program. As a result, we identified three major components: sensory experience, physical activities, and pre-education. The actual program was organized by applying weighting device from the principal component regression analysis. The implications of this study are as follows. First, developing the results of this study into a program guide would help to expand forest education programs for blind children. Second, this study specifically focused on blind children; however, programs for other disabilities can be developed by applying the same research procedure.
Qualitative Inquiry into Parental Experiences in Screening, Diagnosis, and Special Education Identification of their Children with Dyslexia
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Seo Seonjin , Na Kyong-Eun , Choi Seongsook
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the parental experiences of their children’s screening for and diagnosis with dyslexia, and special education identification. Fifteen parents of school-aged children diagnosed with dyslexia participated in in-depth interviews. The interviews were analyzed using constant comparison methods. The results were as follows: Parents acknowledged their children’s reading difficulties in either the early ages or early elementary years, but they hardly knew of dyslexia. There were few reliable diagnosticians to identify their children’s reading difficulties and to guide their therapeutic efforts. In order to identify their children’s difficulties effectively, parents requested special education identification. However, the interpretation of identification criteria differed case by case, and an unreasonable identification process was evident. The parents strongly suggested that there were urgent needs for early screening, a comprehensive school reading program, and personal development programs for children with dyslexia. Based on the results, implications of the parents’ experiences were made in improving the screening, diagnosis and special education identification for children with dyslexia.
Thermal damage of granite after thermal shock cycle
Authors: Dong Z. , Sun Q. , Zhang W. , Xu C.
Published: January 2020

This paper reports the tensile strength and P-wave velocity of granite after cyclic high temperature and thermal shock, and calculates the thermal damage by tensile strength and P-wave velocity to explore a general method for evaluating thermal damage. The results show that thermal damage of granite is strongly correlated with temperature and cycle, and it increases with the increase of temperature and thermal shock cycle. There is a good exponential correlation between the damage calculated by tensile strength and P-wave velocity. Thermal damage is mainly caused by the expansion of mineral grains and the formation of cracks. Thermal shock cycle accumulates thermal damage of granite and eventually causes the critical temperature threshold of rock damage to decrease to 350°C and even to 250°C.
Lateral limiting pressure on square pile groups in undrained soil
Authors: Sheil Brian B.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the lateral limiting pressure on square pile groups in undrained soil is explored using two-dimensional finite-element modelling. A parametric study is conducted to assess the role of pile–soil adhesion, group size and pile spacing on group capacity and corresponding failure mechanisms. Results from the finite-element output show that large groups of closely spaced piles exhibit significant reductions in lateral capacity compared to equivalent single pile values. Significant variations in the load sharing across the group are also observed, with the corner piles experiencing loads up to 162% above the group average for a 25-pile group. A simplified closed-form design approach is developed using a modified Ramberg–Osgood formulation to predict the lateral group capacity. The proposed approach is shown to provide excellent agreement with the numerical results and a rigorous upper-bound prediction of a selection of field data and predictions determined using existing design guidelines.
Classification of Historical Anatolian Coins with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: ÜNLÜ Ramazan
Published: January 2020

To find out which period the historical coins belong to requires a number of scientific procedures that archaeologists or experts can do. These operations can often be time-consuming and demanding operations. From this point on, in this study, the automatically classification of historical coins by using machine learning methods is discussed.Being able to use machine learning methods to classify historical coins can help experts and can become an analysis tool without the need for scientific tests for non-experts. For this purpose, some physical properties of different coins used in Anatolian geography were collected and classified by various machine learning methods named SVM, Random Forest, Bagging, and Decision Trees. Also, two different missing values strategies are deployed in conjunction with each chosen method. Based on our findings, random forest method together with imputing missing values with mean gives an acceptable results with the accuracy rate of %71, although there are some limitations such as high rate of missing values and working with a small dataset.
The Effect of Stress on Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults
Authors: Im Mee Young
Published: January 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of stress on metabolic syndrome (MS) among Korean adults (age≥20). Methods: The total subject 6,458 (weighted subjects=41,717,139) were recruited from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-2, 2017). Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, χ2 and logistic regression considering strata, cluster and weight using SAS V9.3 program. Results: The prevalence of MS and stress (≥high) was 31.9% and 27.5%. The very low stress group had significant higher prevalence of MS and MS score (number of clinical MS Component) then others (p=.002, p<.001). The odds ratio (OR) of MS with stress were 0.67∼0.77 (p<.01, p=.15) in unadjusted model. After all covariates (age, sex, body mass index (BMI), education, marriage, income, occupation, smoking, alcohol, exercise) adjusted, finally ORs weren’t significant (0.99≤OR≤-1.22, 0.12≤p≤.96). However, HDL cholesterol, HBP (high blood pressure), and FBS (fasting blood sugar) had significant relation with stress, respectively (1.14≤OR≤1.18, 1.66≤OR≤2.01, 1.33≤OR≤1.47, all p<.001). Conclusions: This study indicates that stress was not independently associated with metabolic syndrome prevalence risk. However, HDL cholesterol, HBP, and FBS were significantly increased in low and high stress group then very low group.
La imagen de los candidatos en las Elecciones Generales de 2019 en España
Authors: Cabrera García-Ochoa Yolanda , Llorca Germán
Published: January 2020

Las Elecciones Generales de 1977 en España obligaron a los partidos a explicar cuestiones elementales como “qué significaba votar”. En general, la imagen proyectada de los candidatos era una cuestión “menor”, dada la falta de cultura democrática del momento. Tras 42 años desde la transición, el contexto político y comunicativo ha dado un vuelco que exige de una aproximación más compleja. Los partidos políticos son conscientes de la importancia que tiene construir la imagen pública de sus candidatos. En este trabajo analizamos la imagen del principal cartel de campaña de los candidatos a presidente en las Elecciones Generales de abril de 2019 de Vox, PP, C’s, PSOE, UP y del candidato al Congreso de IU. El objetivo del trabajo es demostrar, mediante un análisis semiótico y de contenido, la relación existente entre la imagen de la persona candidata con los valores de identidad ideológica que se le atribuyen.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF LAMINAR MIXED CONVECTION IN A SQUARE CROSS-SECTIONED CYLINDRICAL ANNULAR ENCLOSURE
Authors: TURAN Osman
Published: January 2020

Steady-state laminar mixed convection of Newtonian fluids in a square cross-sectioned cylindrical annular enclosure with rotating inner wall and heated top cover has been numerically analysed based on axisymmetric incompressible flow simulations. Richardson number, Reynolds number and r_i/R effects on heat and momentum transport have been investigated for the range of Richardson number 0 ≤ Ri ≤ 1, Reynolds number 500 ≤ Re ≤ 2000 and 0.25≤r_i/R≤8 at a representative value of Prandtl number (i.e. Pr=1.0). A scaling analysis has been also carried out in order to elucidate the possible influences of Reynolds, Richardson and Prandtl numbers and r_i/R on the mean Nusselt number. It has been found that the mean Nusselt number (Nu) ̅ demonstrates a monotonically decreasing trend with increasing Ri whereas (Nu) ̅ increases with increasing r_i/R and Re which is consistent with scaling estimation. It is also observed that the flow pattern in the case of purely forced convection (i.e. Ri = 0) is significantly different from those in mixed convection (i.e. Ri> 0). In the case of Ri = 0 (i.e. purely forced convection), a one-cell flow structure with two small vortexes on the top corners is observed for r_i/R≤1, whereas a second cell appears in the flow field for r_i/R> 1 at Re = 1000. On the other hand, in the case of mixed convection (i.e. Ri> 0), two-cell and four-cell flow structures occur in the flow field depending on Ri and r_i/R for the range of Ri, Re and r_i/R considered here at Pr⁡=1.0. Based these observations, a flow regime diagram has been proposed here for mixed convection (i.e. Ri> 0) for the range of Ri, Re and r_i/R analysed in this study.