bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance diagrams of marine vacuum fish pumping units
Authors: Naumov Vladimir
Published: March 2022

The article presents the analysis of performance diagrams of marine vacuum fish-pumping units based on Ocean Master water-ring compressor machines published in the domain by Samson Pumps. The diagrams represent the dependence of the flow rate of the water-fish mixture on the given level difference at different values of the rotor speed for two stages of the plant operation. These experimental dependences are well approximated by 3rd-order polynomials over the entire range of acceptable argument values. The calculation of the values of the adjusted determination indices showed that at a rotor speed of 20 s-1 or more the degree of the polynomial can be reduced to the second power. Contour graphs of the performance of vacuum fish pumping units at each stage of their operation were constructed. The argument values for a given feed can be determined from these graphs. They allowed to set the scope of arguments in which the unit would not work. The formula for the performance of vacuum fish pumping units for the full cycle of operation is obtained on the basis of regression models. The maximal performance of the investigated vacuum fish-pumping units indicated in the technical documentation refers to the individual stages of their operation. The performance for a full cycle of work in real conditions can be 5-10 % of the maximum. The obtained analytical expressions can be used in the practical application of performance diagrams of vacuum fish-pumping units, taking into account the hydraulic head losses in the pipeline.
Reconnaissance of Lake Simaki in North-Kazakhstan region for organizing lake commercial fish farm
Authors: Fefelov Viktor Vladimirovich , Bulavina Nailya Baimuratovna , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Tumenov Artur Nasibullayevich , Shutkarayev Azis Vasilyevich
Published: March 2022

Fishery is a traditional industry for North-Kazakhstan region and, therefore, restoration and organization of lake aquaculture enterprises will provide a significant rise in the economy of the region and creation of new jobs. Scale of the lake commercial fish farm development as a component of commercial fish farming, improvement of its contribution into delivery of food supplies to population depend first of all on the degree of its massive involvement. Status of Lake Peschanoye (Simaki) allows utilizing it for fish commercial cultivation. Application of science-based systems in organiz-ing the lake commercial fish farm will raise efficiency of using natural biopotential of this reservoir and correspondingly enlarge the volumes of production and quality of fish products. In 2021, the researches were conducted on Lake Peschanoye (Simaki). During the researches the hydrological regime of the lake was studied; the samples were taken and processed for hydrochemical and hydrobiological analysis; the material was collected to estimate the condition of ichtyofauna. Generally, the hydrological regime of Lake Peschanoye (Simaki) is found favorable for fish habitat. According to the research results of the year 2021, Lake Peschanoye (Simaki) is a freshwater reservoir with a total mineralization of 875.5 mg/dm3 which allows using it for obtaining commercial fish roe that will provide a greater economic effect from the lake’s utilization. According to the average value of the zoobenthos biomass, Lake Peschanoye (Simaki) belongs to a β-mesotrophic water reservoir which corresponds to the medium level of trophicity. According to the development of food reserves, the recommended volumes of stocking with commercial species are the following: northern whitefish (planktophage) – 4 500 larvae per ha (average value for the Northern Kazakhstan) and carp (benthophage) - 350 yearlings per ha. Pike stocking is recommended as an additional rearing target that will also act as a bio-ameliorator in the fight against the Amur sleeper.
Calculating the Structural Steel Stoletov Curve from the Limiting Magnetic Hysteresis Loop Parameters
Authors:   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus, SANDOMIRSKY Sergey G.
Published: March 2022

A formula has been developed for calculating the steel Stoletov curve (a graphic dependence of magnetic susceptibility χ on the magnetic field strength H in a ferromagnet) based on the results of measuring the coercive force Hc, technical saturation magnetization Ms and residual magnetization Mr. The derived formula is substantiated by a statistical analysis of a comparison between the calculation and experimental results obtained for grade SHX15 steel in its delivery and hardened states. The correlation coefficient between the calculated and measured values of χ in the entire variation range of H was 0.99, and the mean square deviation was 8.7%. By using the developed formula, it is possible to construct the dependence χ(H) and analyze it in different magnetic field strength variation ranges for any steel the measured values of Hc, Ms and Mr for which are given in the reference literature. The application of the formula is illustrated by analyzing the effect the tempering temperature of grade 30 steel after its quenching has on the steel Stoletov curves. The grade 30 steel tempering temperature has been established at which the required magnetic susceptibility value can be obtained in a given magnetic field strength variation range in a ferromagnet with its required hardness.
An Arctic Wind-Diesel Power Plant with an Intelligent Automatic Control System
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, ELISTRATOV Viktor V. , KONISHCHEV Mikhail A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, DENISOV Roman S. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, BOGUN Inna V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: March 2022

The main problem faced in supplying power to remote consumers is that there are high logistical costs of delivering fuel and equipment for diesel power plants, poor density of transport infrastructure and, as a consequence, a high cost of fuel. There are also high operating costs at diesel power plants and specific fuel consumption; in addition, there is no monitoring and control automation. In view of a high wind potential of the Arctic territories, energy complexes and systems can be effectively modernized and constructed on the basis of modular wind-diesel power plants with an intelligent control system. A concept of and hardware solutions for an intelligent automatic control system are proposed, the use of which makes it possible to maximize the amount of electricity generated by renewable sources owing to dynamically redistributing the power between the hybrid energy complex components and, as a result, to minimize fuel consumption. An analysis of a controlled wind-diesel power plant has shown that by using an intelligent automatic control system, forecasting the electricity generation by a wind power plant, and arranging storage battery operation in a cyclic mode, it becomes possible to effectively cover the load schedule of an autonomous consumer and increase the extent of diesel fuel substitution by up to 60 % or more.
Los inicios de la orientación y selección profesional en la Argentina (1925-1947): la profesiografía en clave de género
Authors: Lescano Aimé
Published: March 2022

Se analizan los materiales didácticos producidos por el primer instituto dedicado a la orientación y selección profesional en la Argentina creado en 1925, con el objetivo de proporcionar una lectura en clave de género de las interpretaciones profesiográficas. La metodología corresponde al análisis interpretativo cualitativo de fuentes primarias vinculadas al instituto en articulación con bibliografía vinculada con los estudios de género y la historia de la psicología. Se señala que el análisis profesiográfico construye un cuerpo y un psiquismo modelo masculino, destacando como características psicofísicas la robustez y la fuerza de sugestión y omitiendo a las mujeres en las tematizaciones.
De apuntes privados y libros impresos. Una aproximación a las prácticas de escritura femenina del saber culinario, siglo XIX
Authors: Caldo Paula , Fugardo Marcela
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo de investigación propone un ejercicio comparativo entre la experiencia de dos mujeres que apuntaron recetas de cocina durante el siglo XIX. Una es Virginia Pueyrredón, autora de unos apuntes que se convirtieron en el libro Almanaque de la cocinera argentina. La otra es María Varela, quien desde la década de 1880 llevó un cuaderno de recetas de cocina. La metodología de trabajo implica interpretarlas en contrapunto, preguntándonos qué saberes y notas de época despliega la escritura cotidiana de las recetas y qué pierde cuando aspira a ser un producto editorial.
Screening Oxford. Ciudad, universidad y cine
Authors: Sola Antequera Domingo
Published: March 2022

Oxford se ha transformado en una localización bastante habitual en la gran pantalla. En general, la imagen de las ciudades en el Séptimo Arte no son otra cosa que nuestra proyección de las mismas, una singular metáfora de cómo entendemos nuestra vida en ellas. Las urbes son a la vez lugar de encuentro y encrucijada de múltiples intereses que no le son ajenos y que tienen que ver con sus paisajes humanos, con la política, con el desarrollo urbano o con los conflictos sociales. La que nos ocupa es el paradigma de ciudad universitaria que aun referenciada continuamente apenas ha tenido presencia como tal en el mundo audiovisual. De ahí nuestro interés en entender las razones de su uso como escenario, aunque rara vez como personaje.
El axfisiante encanto de la burgesía
Authors: Martínez Herranz Amparo
Published: March 2022

En 1962 Luis Buñuel rodó en México El ángel exterminador, un argumento en el que había comenzado a trabajar en la década de 1940. Partiendo del análisis comparado entre el guion técnico escrito y manejado por Buñuel durante el rodaje y la película, se propone un análisis de los temas nucleares de este filme, especialmente de aquellos en los que su autor quiso hacer hincapié, sus motivaciones, su origen y las conexiones con el conjunto de su obra. En uno de los momentos más críticos de la Guerra Fría, Buñuel construyó un crudo retrato de las convenciones burguesas, asumidas como la norma que sostiene el orden establecido y causantes del inmovilismo y la inacción de una sociedad empeñada en ignorar los problemas reales. Presenta a los burgueses encerrados misteriosamente en su mansión como náufragos de una civilización que, tras las tragedias vividas durante la II Guerra Mundial, elige repetir sus errores y ahogarse. El relato está recorrido por constantes alusiones al libro del Apocalipsis, textuales y sugeridas, un mundo marcado por las plagas (físicas y morales) que asolan la civilización. Y para alimentar esta atmosfera, Buñuel hizo uso de las estrategias propias del cine de terror, que conocía bien y que él mismo había ensayado en algunos guiones previos.  Además, estrechamente vinculadas a la idea de misterio, introdujo en la película repetidas alusiones a la masonería para rendir homenaje a través de ellas a su amigo Juan Vicens. En definitiva, en términos estructurales y temáticos Buñuel procuró transmitir sus dudas acerca de los avances de la civilización, al tiempo que insistía en la condición misteriosa e inescrutable de la existencia.
ЗАЩИТНОЕ ЛЕСОРАЗВЕДЕНИЕ В ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ПРЕДВОЛЖЬЯ
Authors: Галиуллин Ильфир Равилевич , Ульданова Раиля Анасовна , Сабиров Айрат Тагирзянович , Шакиров Ильшат Нурисламович
Published: March 2022

Рассматриваются аспекты защитного лесоразведения в условиях лесостепи Предволжья Республики Татарстан. Дана характеристика функционального назначения, продуктивности и санитарного состояния приовражных, прибалочных, овражно-балочных и склоновые видов лесных насаждений. В составе защитных лесов региона выявлены 15 видов древесных и 14 видов кустарниковых растений. Доминируют древостои I и II классов бонитета. Приведены проектируемые лесные насаждения на различных почвах, со схемой смешения пород и составом формируемого древостоя. С целью повышения экологических функций лесов рекомендовано создавать смешанные и сложные лесонасаждения с кустарниковым ярусом.
Female sex as a risk factor for penicillin drug allergy in the inpatient setting
Authors: Voelker Dayne H. , Gonzalez-Estrada Alexei , Park Miguel A.
Published: March 2022

Background: Penicillin is the most common reported drug allergy. Previous literature suggests that there is increased prevalence of penicillin drug allergy in female patients in the outpatient setting. However, this is poorly described in the inpatient setting. Objective:
This study was performed to determine whether female sex is an independent risk factor for penicillin allergy in the inpatient setting. Methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records (January 1, 2001-December 31, 2017) was performed for patients with
a history of penicillin allergy who underwent penicillin skin testing (PST). Each chart review included the age at initial skin testing, sex, medications, and medical co-morbidities. The study was approved by the institutional review board. Results: 30,883 patients underwent
PST with 29,354 and 1,529 occurring in the outpatient and inpatient setting respectively. 170 patients tested positive with a ≥ 5x5 wheal. Of the 170 positive patients, 122 were female (72%) and 48 were male (28%). 15 patients tested positive in the inpatient setting. Of the 1506 adult
patients tested in the inpatient setting, 809 were female and 697 were male. 12 females (92.3%) and 1 one male (7.7%) tested positive with a ≥ 5x5 wheal (OR-10.5; 95% CI-1.4-80.8; p-value=0.02). 23 pediatric patients were tested in the inpatient setting. Two pediatric male patients were
positive and no female pediatric patients tested positive (OR-1.7; 95% CI-0.5-5.9; p-value=0.5). Conclusion: In the inpatient setting, adult females are 10 times more likely to have a positive PST compared to males. Female sex may be a potential risk factor for objective
penicillin drug allergy in the inpatient setting.
Clinical effects of intranasal corticosteroids on nasal symptoms in subjects with chronic rhinitis during COVID-19
Authors: Tuzer Can , Karadag Pelin , Yegit Ozan , Eyice Deniz , Oztop Nida , Can Ali , Demir Semra , Coskun Raif , Erdogdu Unal Derya , Olgac Muge , Buyukozturk Suna , Colakoglu Bahattin , Gelincik Aslı
Published: March 2022

Background: The clinical effects of intranasal corticosteroids (INC) on nasal symptoms and the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in subjects with chronic rhinitis (CR) seem unclear. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of INCs
on nasal symptoms in subjects with CR and with COVID-19. Methods: In subjects with CR and diagnosed with COVID-19 at four tertiary centers, quality of life and nasal symptoms were assessed by using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and the visual analog scale
(VAS), respectively. In subjects with allergic rhinitis, nasal symptoms were also assessed on the total symptom score-6 (TSS-6) scale. The subjects were then allocated into two groups according to whether or not they used INCs while infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (group 1 and group 2, respectively). The subjects in group 2 were divided into two subgroups according to the use of antihistamines and/or leukotriene receptor antagonist or not (group 2a and group 2b, respectively). All the scores were compared before and during COVID-19 among the three
groups. Results: A total of 71 subjects (21 in group 1, 24 in group 2a, and 26 in group 2b) were enrolled. The total scores of the SNOT-22 increased remarkably in all the groups during the infection when compared with the pre‐COVID-19 scores (p < 0.001 in each
group). However, the difference between the pre‐COVID-19 and COVID-19 values revealed a lower decrease in the senses of smell and/or taste in group 1 than in group 2a and group 2b (p = 0.015, adjusted p = 0.045; and p = 0.001, adjusted p = 0.002, respectively). There were no significant
differences in other COVID-19 findings, VAS, and TSS-6 scores among the groups (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: INCs in subjects with CR seemed protective against the decrease in smell and/or taste observed during COVID-19 and do not aggravate the clinical course of COVID-19.
Young Investigator Interview With CSCI Distinguished Scientist Awardee Dr. Michael Hill
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Hill Michael D.
Published: March 2022

Dr. Michael Hill is President of the Canadian Neurology Federation and Director of the Stroke Unit for the Calgary Stroke Program. He is also a professor at the University of Calgary at the Department of Clinical Neurosciences. Dr. Hill has made outstanding contributions to the field of stroke research, particularly through the ESCAPE and ESCAPE-NA1 trials. Dr. Hill was a recipient of the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation (CSCI) Distinguished Scientist Award in 2021—recognized as an expert and innovative leader in his research.
ANALYSIS OF COMPLICATIONS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG TUMORS
Authors: Lukavetskyy Nazar , Litvinyak Ruslan , Gutor Taras , Hipp Igor , Bohutskyy Igor , Khrupovych Lubomyr , Rohovyy Taras , Hrynkiv Taras
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to identify factors that are associated with complications after surgery for lung cancer.

Materials and Methods. Retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment results in patients with lung cancer who were operated on in 2010-2014 at the department of thoracic surgery of the Lviv Oncological Regional Treatment and Diagnostic Center. The study included 461 patients. The data of each patient were divided into the following groups: general characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment characteristics, and complications. The whole cohort of patients was analyzed and their separate subgroups were compared by age, type of complications, and type of surgery.

Results and Discussion. Elderly patients have three times higher levels of postoperative dyspnea and much higher levels of cardiac arrhythmias. Pulmonary complications are more common in men, after more aggressive surgeries with longer time of operative pulmonary ventilation; increase with age. This subgroup is also characterized by longer postoperative period and a higher in-hospital mortality rate. Postoperative complications such as dyspnea, fistula of the bronchial stump, and pleural empyema, higher levels of pleural punctures, and postoperative bed-day were more common in the group of patients who underwent pneumonectomy. A higher level of postoperative pneumonia and a longer drainage period were observed in the group of other operations. It is noteworthy that the level of dyspnea in elderly patients who underwent pneumonectomy is three times higher.

Conclusions. There are age-related features connected to the onset of postoperative complications in patients with lung tumors who have undergone surgery. Complications typical for the patients after different types of operations were found. It is established that the age of patients and the type of surgical treatment significantly change the palette of postoperative complications. An improved method for predicting complications is required.
Germplasm conservation of Phyllanthus virgatus G. Forst. by encapsulation of In vitro derived leaf segments
Authors: Magendiran M. , Vijayakumar K. K. , Thambiraj J. , Mahendran S.
Published: March 2022

The present study describes an efficient plant regeneration system for in vitro propagation of Phyllanthus virgatus through leaf explant. The leaf explants were cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with BAP (1.5 mg L-1) and NAA (0.9 mg L-1 for efficient callus induction (82.26%). The maximum percentage of shoots (77.85%) was developed from BAP (2.0 mg L-1) and GA3 (0.5 mg L-1). The efficient rooting response (76.28%) was noted on a nutrient medium containing NAA (1.5 mg L-1) and IBA (0.2 mg L-1). Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and hardened off inside the culture room and then transferred to green house with a 72% survival rate.
Climate Security and Migration: An Evaluation for the World and Turkey
Authors: Birpınar Mehmet  Emin , Tuğac Çiğdem
Published: March 2022

The negative consequences of climate change are becoming increasingly evident in environmental, economic, social, and political realms day by day, and no country in the world is exempt from these effects. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports reveal that climate change will be severe, which means that the world can expect more and more conflict. Climate migration and national security problems will emerge due to factors such as natural disasters and resource crises. This article aims to evaluate the relationship between climate change and migration and examine the consequences that may arise in the context of climate security in the world and in Turkey. We conclude that all countries will be affected equally severely, though in different ways, by the risks and consequences that will gradually emerge in the context of climate security in parallel with climate change, and that the number of climate migrants and refugees will increase globally in the coming period. Further, migration to Turkey will not only be from neighboring countries but will increase from wider geography in the future due to Turkey’s geopolitical eminence.
Local Order in AgAuCuPdPt High Entropy Alloy Surfaces
Authors: Kristoffersen Henrik , Rossmeisl Jan
Published: March 2022

Synthesis of high entropy alloys often involve heating precursors to above 1000°C such that entropy stabilization takes effect. The resulting alloys are characterized by random element distribution at the bulk lattice positions. Surfaces may however be more ordered, even at high temperatures. We explore the local order at (111), (100) and (533) surfaces of the equimolar fcc AgAuCuPdPt high entropy alloy at high temperatures and thermal equilibrium. We find that the local order is significantly increased at the (100) surface and to a lesser extend at the (533) and (111) surfaces compared to bulk AgAuCuPdPt. The (100) surface both segregates with increased amount of Au and Ag and less Pd and Pt and have a more ordered distribution of nearest neighbor atom pairs. The (111) surface segregates with increased amounts of Au and Ag and less Cu, Pd and Pt, but the nearest neighbor distribution is mostly random. The (100) type step edge of the (533) surface resemble the (100) surface. The degree of surface order seems linked to the structure ensemble’s energy distribution width, so we suggest that the width can be used to estimate the degree of order in high entropy alloys with minimal computational efforts.
Bioactive photocrosslinkable resin solely based on refined decellularized small intestinal submucosa for digital light processing 3D printing of in vitro tissue mimics
Authors: Elomaa Laura , Gerbeth Lorenz , Almalla Ahed , Fribiczer Nora , Tang Peter , Hillebrandt Karl , Sauer Igor , Seiffert Sebastian , Siegmund Britta , Weinhart Marie
Published: March 2022

Three-dimensionally (3D) printed tissue mimics are a unique in vitro platform for studying human pathophysiology in a more physiologically relevant manner compared to oversimplified 2D cell cultures and complex animal models. Furthermore, they can be used for replacing parts of damaged tissue or organs. However, their 3D printing requires an availability of materials that at the same time show a high level of biomimicry and also have a suitable viscosity profile and crosslinking kinetics for the desired printing technique. We developed a new biomimetic material for the digital light processing stereolithography (DLP SLA) 3D printing by solubilizing and functionalizing porcine small intestine submucosa (dSIS) into photocrosslinkable dSIS methacrylamide (dSIS-MA) and by subsequently formulating it into a bioactive 3D printing resin. The concentration of 1.5 weight-% of dSIS-MA yielded desired viscosity and photocrosslinking kinetics, and the 3D printing of the resin resulted in fully transparent and highly swelling dSIS-MA hydrogels with a stiffness resembling native intestinal tissue. Both human small intestine organoid-derived undifferentiated primary cells and immortalized human Caco-2 cells grew to confluency on the 3D printed hydrogels without additional cell-adhesive precoating and formed continuous tight junctions, thereby demonstrating the suitability of the material for growing a (personalized) intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, both immortalized human HT29-mtx cells and a part of the human primary intestinal cells produced mucin 5AC, demonstrating bioactivity by early differentiation of these cells on the photocrosslinked dSIS-MA hydrogels. The new dSIS-MA resin was 3D printed into intestine-mimicking scaffolds that desirably guided the seeded human intestinal cells to grow along the 3D villi architectures. The detected cell compatibility of the new dSIS-MA material combined with its high printability and biomimicry indicated that this new material can be an excellent tool for modelling and reproducing native tissue architectures where enhanced physiological relevancy is desired.
Updates to the Inverted Library Search Algorithm for Mixture Analysis
Authors: Moorthy Arun , Tennyson Stephen , Sisco Edward
Published: March 2022

Identifying mixture components is a well-known challenge in analytical chemistry. The Inverted Library Search Algorithm (ILSA) is a recently proposed method for identifying mixture components using in-source collision induced dissociation (is-CID) mass spectra of a query mixture and a reference library of pure compound is-CID mass spectra (J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2021, 32, 7, 1725–1734). This article presents several subtle but important advances to the algorithm, including updated compound matching strategies that improve result explainability, and spectral filtering to better handle noisy mass spectra as is often observed with real-world samples such as seized drug evidence.
A catalytic alkene insertion approach to bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane bioisosteres
Authors: Agasti Soumitra , Beltran Frederic , Pye Emma , Kaltsoyannis Nikolas , Crisenza Giacomo , Procter David
Published: March 2022

C(sp3)-rich bicyclic hydrocarbon scaffolds, as exemplified by bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs), play an increasingly high-profile role as saturated bioisosteres of benzenoids in medicinal chemistry and crop science. Substituted bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes (BCHs) are new emerging bicyclic hydrocarbon bioisosteres for ortho- and meta-substituted benzenes, which to date remain difficult to access. Therefore, a general synthetic route to BCHs is urgently needed, if their potential as bioisosteres is to be realized. Here, we describe a broadly applicable catalytic approach that delivers substituted BCHs by a highly atom-economical intermolecular coupling between olefins and bicyclo[1.1.0]butyl (BCB) ketones. The SmI2–catalyzed process embraces a wide range of electron-deficient alkenes and substituted BCB ketones, operates with loadings of SmI2 as low as 5 mol%, and is underpinned by a radical-relay mechanism that is supported by DFT calculations. The product BCH ketones have been shown to be versatile synthetic intermediates through selective downstream manipulation, and the expedient synthesis of a saturated hydrocarbon analogue of the broad spectrum antimicrobial, phthalylsulfathiazole. Our findings have provided the first general catalytic approach to the substituted BCH scaffold, and serve as a launchpad for the widespread use of this largely unexplored family of bioisosteres in medicinal chemistry.
Pengaruh Profitabitas, Likuiditas dan Struktur Aktiva terhadap Struktur Modal
Authors: Veronika Desy , Lisianda Elim , Iphone Veren , Purba Mohd Nawi
Published: March 2022

Rasio yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Profitabilitas, Likuiditas dan Struktur Aktiva. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi dan pengumpulan data sekunder dari laporan keuangan perusahaan Consumer Goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014 – 2017. Sampel 22 perusahaan Consumer Goods dengan 4 periode penelitian total 88 observasi. Model analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan uji asumsi klasik, uji koefisien determinasi, uji F, uji T dan uji gletser. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini secara parsial Profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap Struktur Modal. Likuiditas dan Struktur Aktiva berpengaruh terhadap Struktur Modal sedangkan secara simultan Profitabilitas, Likuiditas dan Struktur Aktiva berpengaruh terhadap Struktur Modal. Hasil pengujian Koefisien Determinasi diperoleh Koefiesien Determinasi R Square sebesar 22%. Hal ini berarti 88% struktur modal dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi dari ketiga variabel independen, yaitu profitabilitas, likuiditas dan struktur aktiva, sedangkan (100% - 88% = 22%) dijelaskan oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, Financial Distress Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Manajemen Laba
Authors: Sucipto Hadi , Zulfa Umi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Good Corporate Governance, Financial Distress and Company Size on earnings management calculated using discretionary accruals. This type of research is a quantitative description research. This research uses purposive sampling method as a method of selecting samples. The population in this study were all 10 pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Based on predetermined criteria, there are 7 companies with an observation period of 5 years from 2015-2019. Hypothesis testing in this study uses multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that Good Corporate Governance has no significant effect on earnings management, financial distress has no significant effect on earnings management and firm size has no significant effect on earnings management.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT LAYANAN JALAN DARI VOLUME, KECEPATAN DAN KERAPATAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Kusumaningrum Sari , Putranto Prioutomo Puguh
Published: March 2022

Nilai tolok ukur lainnya untuk mengetahui kinerja lalu lintas yang sesungguhnya tidak hanya dari  berdasar volume lalu lintas. Ada dua cara dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan hubungan volume dengan kecepatan dan penggunaan kinerja jalan berdasarkan nilai kerapatan jalan. Adanya penilaian tingkat layanan dengan kecepatan dan kerapatan dapat menjadikan kontrol maupun koreksi terhadap kondisi tingkat pelayanan jalan yang sesungguhnya. Jalan Sultan Syahrir Kota Semarang, merupakan salah satu ruas jalan yang relatif padat di wilayah perbatasan Kota Semarang. Pada pagi dan sore hari jalan Sultan Syahrir tersebut memiliki tingkat kemacetan yang relative tinggi dari perbatasan Kota Semarang-Demak sampai dengan Jl. Kaligawe Semarang. Kondisi ini cukup ideal menjadi lokasi survai untuk mengetahui tingkat pelayanan jalan sesungguhnya disamping berbasis dari tingkat layanan dari perbandingan nilai volume lalu lintas dengan kapasitas. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada kondisi tertentu kinerja berdasarkan nilai volume dibanding kapasitas dinilai kurang mendekati kondisi riil dan kondisi yang memungkinkan lebih pada dari tingkat layanan pendekatan pada kerapatan jalan. Untuk nilai volume dan kecepatan lebih tepat dapat dilakukan apabila pada kondisi arus pergerakkan lalu lintas dalam kondisi normal,
Gasto en atención primaria en salud en las Américas: medir lo que importa
Authors: Rathe Magdalena , Hernández-Peña Patricia , Pescetto Claudia , Mosseveld Cornelis Van , Borges dos Santos Maria Angélica , Rivas Laura
Published: March 2022

En este informe especial se compara la medición del gasto en atención primaria en salud (APS) propuesta por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) según el marco mundial para reportar gastos en salud (SHA 2011) en tres países de la región de las Américas. Hay divergencias conceptuales: 1) la operacionalización como atención básica, por OCDE, o primer contacto, por OMS; 2) la mayor amplitud de bienes y servicios en la definición de OMS (incluye medicamentos, administración y servicios preventivos colectivos); 3) la consideración únicamente de servicios en proveedores ambulatorios en OCDE. Los gastos en APS como el porcentaje del gasto corriente en salud (GCS) en 2017 para OMS y OCDE, serían: México (43,6% vs 15.1%); República Dominicana (41,1 vs 5,75%) y Costa Rica (31,4% y 5,7%); superarían la meta del 30% del GCS en APS que propone el Pacto 30-30-30 de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, con la definición de la OMS y estarían muy lejos de alcanzarla con la de la OCDE. La definición amplia de APS como primer contacto de OMS facilita la inclusión de servicios que reflejan la forma en que los países ofrecen atención a su población. Aun así, la OMS podría mejorar las descripciones de las categorías incluidas para fines de comparación internacional. Restringir la APS a proveedores ambulatorios como hace OCDE limita mucho la medición y excluye intervenciones intrínsecas al concepto de APS, como servicios colectivos de prevención. Como paso transitorio se recomienda a los países que monitoreen el financiamiento de la APS, explicitando qué incluyen en su definición. El SHA 2011 permite identificar y comparar estas diferencias.
Factibilidad de la utilización de la inteligencia artificial para el cribado de pacientes con COVID-19 en Paraguay
Authors: Galván Pedro , Fusillo José , González Felipe , Vukujevic Oraldo , Recalde Luciano , Rivas Ronald , Ortellado José , Portillo Juan , Borba Julio , Hilario Enrique
Published: March 2022

Objetivo. Estudiar la factibilidad de utilización de la inteligencia artificial como método sensible y específico para el cribado de COVID-19 en pacientes con afecciones respiratorias empleando imágenes de tórax obtenidas con tomógrafo y una plataforma de telemedicina.

Métodos. Entre marzo del 2020 y junio del 2021 se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo multicéntrico de factibilidad basada en inteligencia artificial (IA) para el cribado de COVID-19 en imágenes de tórax de pacientes con afecciones respiratorias que acudieron a hospitales públicos. El diagnóstico de las imágenes tomográficas de tórax se realizó a través de la plataforma de IA; luego, se comparó con el diagnóstico molecular (RT-PCR) para determinar la concordancia entre ambos y analizar su factibilidad para el cribado de pacientes con sospecha de COVID-19. Las imágenes y los resultados diagnóstico se enviaron a través de una plataforma de telemedicina.

Resultados. Se realizó el cribado de 3 514 pacientes con sospecha diagnóstica de COVID-19, en 14 hospitales a nivel nacional. La mayoría de los pacientes tenían entre 27 y 59 años, seguidos por los mayores de 60 años. La edad promedio fue de 48,6 años; el 52,8% eran de sexo masculino. Los hallazgos más frecuentes fueron neumonía grave, neumonía bilateral con derrame pleural, enfisema pulmonar bilateral y opacidad difusa en vidrio esmerilado, entre otros. Se determinó un promedio de 93% de concordancia y 7% de discordancia entre las imágenes analizadas mediante IA y la RT-PCR. La sensibilidad y especificidad del sistema de IA, obtenidas comparando el resultado del cribado obtenido por IA con la RT-PCR, fueron de 93% y 80% respectivamente.

Conclusiones. Es viable la utilización de IA sensible y específica para la detección rápida estratificada de COVID-19 en pacientes con afecciones respiratorias utilizando imágenes obtenidas mediante tomografía de tórax y una plataforma de telemedicina en los hospitales públicos de Paraguay.
Hepatitis B en indígenas de América Latina: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Castro-Arroyave Diana María , Martínez-Gallego Jaime Alberto , Montoya-Guzmán Melissa , Silva Gustavo , Rojas Arbeláez Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2022

Objetivo. Identificar publicaciones realizadas entre los años 2000 y 2020 sobre hepatitis B en indígenas de América Latina, con el fin de conocer avances y vacíos en el tema durante los últimos 20 años.

Métodos. Revisión exploratoria y síntesis rápida de la evidencia. El proceso de organización documental se realizó con los programas Excel® y Rayyan®.

Resultados. Se seleccionaron 30 de 107 artículos encontrados, 17 corresponden a estudios epidemiológicos, 10 a revisiones documentales, dos estudios clínicos y una carta al editor. Brasil fue el país con más publicaciones (50%), la mayoría con enfoque epidemiológico. La temática más abordada fue la medición de prevalencia de la infección por hepatitis B con 22 publicaciones, le siguieron 11 estudios que informan resultados de estudios moleculares del virus, siete estudios sobre vacunación, cinco estudios sobre factores de riesgo y cuatro publicaciones con temas como la transmisión vertical y estudios sociales.

Conclusión. En comparación con revisiones previas realizadas por otros autores, se observa una mayor diversidad en los temas y métodos de investigación utilizados; sin embargo, aún prevalecen los enfoques epidemiológicos convencionales centrados en la medición de la prevalencia de marcadores serológicos. Esto hace necesario encarar otro tipo de investigaciones centradas en los determinantes socioculturales.
The Role of Anatomical Specimens in the Teaching of Anatomy
Authors: Han Feng , Huang Sunhui , Li Yaqiu
Published: March 2022

As a special subject, human anatomy is also main subject in medical education. It has abstract characteristics, complex content, and it is difficult to understand. In view of the nature of the subject, many different models and specimens are required during teaching, increasing the difficulty of its teaching. Although the mode of medical teaching is constantly updating, anatomical specimens are still important in the teaching of anatomy, as they help students to understand the organs, their positions, and structural forms as well as to better grasp the theoretical aspect. In addition, anatomical specimens and medical students contact condition can affect the teaching effect. Therefore, it is imperative to give full play to the role of anatomical specimens in anatomy teaching to improve the teaching effect. This paper summarizes the research on the use of anatomical specimens in the teaching of anatomy.
Relationship between the Self-Efficacy and Mental Health of Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Rural Hebei Province
Authors: Li Ling-ling , Wang Jing , Wang Yi-Lin , Jiao Jin , Meng Jia , Su Yan , Du Xiao-Jing , Wang Yan , Sun Gui-Ping , Li Yan-Ling
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate the self-efficacy and mental health of elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in rural Hebei Province as well as to analyze the relationship between them. Methods: From June 2021 to December 2021, 480 elderly patients with CHD from rural areas, who had been discharged by the Department of Cardiology from three tertiary hospitals in three cities with different economic levels in Hebei Province for more than a year, were selected as the research subjects. The general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and symptom self-rating scale (SCL-90) were used to investigate the self-efficacy and mental health of these patients. SPSS 25.0 was used for data analysis. Results: The total mean self-efficacy score of elderly patients with CHD in rural Hebei Province was 17.18 ± 4.68, which is lower than the international norm (t = -32.067, P = 0.000) and the national norm (t = -28.783, P = 0.000) ; the total average SCL-90 score was 148.64 ± 55.13, which is higher than the national norm for adults and the reference norm for ordinary elderly people; except for hostility and psychosis, the other dimensions were significantly higher than the national norm for adults (P < 0.05); except for psychosis, the other dimensions were significantly higher than the reference norm for ordinary elderly people (P < 0.05); the self-efficacy score was found to be negatively correlated with the total SCL-90 score and the score for each dimension (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Elderly CHD patients with higher self-efficacy in rural Hebei Province have higher mental health level. It is suggested that the mental health of elderly patients with CHD in rural areas can be improved by improving their self-efficacy.
Comparative Analysis of the Value of Gastroscopic Biopsy and Surgical Pathology in the Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Guo Xiujuan
Published: March 2022

Objective: To explore and analyze the diagnostic value of gastroscopic biopsy and surgical pathology in improving the diagnostic accuracy of gastric cancer. Methods: From May 2019 to June 2020, 80 patients with gastric cancer treated in Shuyang Xiehe Hospital were selected and divided into two groups, a control group and a study group, with 40 cases in each group, based on the examination method individually selected by the patients. The patients in the control group were investigated via gastroscopy, while those in the study group were investigated by surgical pathology. The diagnostic values of the two methods were compared and analyzed. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of patients in the study group was 100%, which was higher than that of the control group. The tissue type, lesion morphology, and cancer differentiation of the study group were better than those of the control group. There was significant difference between the two methods (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Surgical and pathological examination can improve the diagnostic accuracy of gastric cancer, comprehensively analyze the patient’s condition, and provide corresponding theoretical basis for follow-up treatment, so that patients can obtain more active and effective treatment, reduce pain, and improve their quality of life.
Genomic Signature for the Prognosis of Survival in Relation to the Tumor Microenvironment in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qin Yi , Tao Minxian , Song Lili , Qian Weihua , Gao Haijian , Liu Lianfang , Zhang Yonghua , Pan Yingying
Published: March 2022

Objective: To establish a new genomic signature for the prognosis of survival in relation to the tumor microenvironment in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were applied, and the stromal and immune scores of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) were generated through the ESTIMATE algorithm. Differentially expressed genes were obtained, and genes concerning immune prognosis were identified on the basis of these scores. Functional analysis showed that these genes were primarily involved in immunobiological processes. Additionally, CIBERSORT was used to analyze 22 subgroups of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Results: The results of the genomic assessment shown on the Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that EAC patients with high-risk scores have the worst survival. The risk score is valid as an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival in EAC patients. The tumor microenvironment was systematically analyzed, and the immune-related prognostic biomarkers of EAC have been proposed. Conclusion: The expression of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune-related genes in EAC have been identified. Some previously overlooked genes may be used as additional biomarkers for EAC in the future.
Morphological Eponymous Terms in Dentistry as Part of Professional Culture
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University. 23, Shevchenko St., Poltava 36011, Ukraine, Hryn V. H.
Published: March 2022

The study of eponymous terms in professional medical language is of great importance because it aims to solve an important theoretical problem of changing the status and function of a term, which has an unconditional impact on knowledge of the world in terms of the history of science. There are new terms that reflect the stages of development of medicine, the priority of a scientist or country in the discovery of new facts, but do not reflect the individual features of the objects of nomination. Currently, scientific and terminological discussions on the use of eponymous terms are ongoing. The purpose of the study. In a concise form to explain the origin of some eponymous terms in stomatology, to give an idea of the scientists whose names are given to certain terms by bibliographic analysis of the literature. Materials and methods. The work uses general philosophical and general scientific research methods, namely: dialectical, historical-chronological, bibliographic-descriptive, analytical, etc. This bibliographic analysis is based on published peer-reviewed articles, books, textbooks, monographs. Results and discussion. The objects of the study in this work were derived from eponymous terms used in stomatology and morphology. The sources of the material were specialized dictionaries and reference books devoted to the problems of eponymy in medicine, which represent the most complete collection of eponymous names of diseases and their signs. Historical and statistical data are given to explain and generalize the variety of phenomena associated with the emergence of eponymous terms, information about scientists and countries whose names actually served as eponyms for the formation of names of medical phenomena and concepts. The peculiarities of the origin of names are analyzed: anatomical terms, phenomena, as well as structures and formations of eponymous origin, depending on the nationality of their authors, the historical and cultural preconditions that formed the basis for the formation of eponymous terms are identified. Conclusion. The study is not exhaustive, and further sampling of eponymous terminological constructions from periodicals, textbooks, monographs of dental direction will expand the database, deepen and diversify the knowledge of young scientists, as well as contribute to the formation of terminological competence of medical students. Eponyms facilitate memorization, as at the mental level the recipient receives a holistic picture of the image of the object of reality. The use of eponyms in the circle of narrow specialists provides a quick understanding of the situation of the picture, conveys the continuity of knowledge, reflects the main stages of development of science, the struggle of thoughts and views, the formation of the scientific worldview of human. Despite a number of negative aspects, eponyms will always be an essential part of medical terminology
Theoretical Model of the Forensic Mechanism of Counteraction to Illegal Encroachment on Participants of Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Mishin A.V.
Published: March 2022

This article considers a theoretical model of the forensic mechanism for countering illegal encroachment on the participants of the criminal process. Its relevance is determined by the need to study the forensic support of the process of safe participation of victims, witnesses, and other persons who contribute to criminal justice. The main structural elements of the theoretical model under consideration were identified. The views expressed by various researchers regarding the concept and essence of such a model were analyzed and used to shape the author’s approach to its development with the help of sociological, comparative legal, and structural forensic methods. Based on the results of the study, the main features (signs) of illegal encroachment on participants of criminal proceedings and the essence of the forensic mechanism for countering illegal encroachment were revealed. The results obtained are of great importance for research on the activities of the subjects of evidence aimed at applying various forensic tools and methods to overcome the illegal influence on the protected persons, as well as at ensuring their safety in criminal proceedings.