bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF DURATION TIME ON ONGGOK FERMENTATION WITH ENRICHMENT N, S, P BY Trichoderma reesei ON NUTRIEN VALUE
Authors: Febriyani Nila Cahyaning , Subrata Agung -
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research was to study the effect of incubation time on onggok fermentation with enrichment N, S, P by Trichoderma reesei on nutrient value. The materials of this research were onggok, T. Reesei and N, S, P element. This research used completely randomized design with 4 treatments different incubation time with 5 replication; T0: 0 day, T1: 2 days, T2: 4 days and T3: 6 days. The parameters observed were crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract of fermented onggok. Data analysis was used by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range test if they were significantly different. Results of this research showed that there were haven’t effect (P>0.05) of the treatment on nutrient value. The conclusion of this research was incubation time on onggok fermentation with enrichment N, S, P by Trichoderma reesei have not been able to decrease crude fiber.Keywords : Onggok, fermentation, T.reesei
OPTIMASI PEMBUATAN LILIN AROMATERAPI BERBASIS STEARIC ACID DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI CENGKEH (SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM)
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Effendi Zulham , Nur Hawalis Siti
Published: May 2020

Pabrik lilin pada umumnya mengolah lilin dengan menggunakan bahan dasar parafin. Parafin dihasilkan dari minyak bumi yang sifatnya tidak dapat diperbaharui. Pada penelitian ini bahan yang digunakan yaitu stearic acid karena sifatnya dapat diperbaharui dan mudah di dapatkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat lilin beraromaterapi dan mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan komposisi bahan yang digunakan pada produk lilin aromaterapi dengan lilin yang dijual dipasaran pada umumnya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental Laboratorium dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah lilin aromaterapi ekstrak minyak atsiri cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum), dengan 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu A0 (0 ml), A1 (3 ml), A2 (5 ml), A3 (7 ml). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lilin aromaterapi yang terbuat dari stearic acid memiliki beberapa kelebihan dari lilin pada umumnya yang dijual dipasaran yang terbuat dari parafin, adapun kelebihannya yaitu lilin tersebut memiliki keadaan fisik yang lebih kokoh atau tidak muda patah, life time lebih lama, dan lelehan lilin tersebut lebih sedikit dikarenakan pada saat proses pembakaran dan pelelehan bahan dasar stearic acid tersebut juga ikut menguap.
Le rôle de l’influenceur via l’UGC
Authors: N'Tary-Calaffard Maximilien , Guichard Nathalie
Published: May 2020

Dans l’industrie de la mode, et notamment le marché du streetwear, les influenceurs utilisent la co-création pour élaborer un produit ou créer du contenu éditorial (User-Generated Contents ou UGC). Elle est devenue une véritable alternative aux méthodes traditionnelles de communication. Pourtant, l’attitude des consommateurs-récepteurs à l’égard de ces contenus et l’utilisation qu’ils en font est relativement méconnue. Une étude qualitative exploratoire menée auprès de digital natives, consommateurs de sneakers, permet d’identifier la place d’Instagram dans la décision d’achat et l’image positive dont elle semble bénéficier auprès de cette cible.
Approche de la communication sur Twitter par l’analytique : le cas de quatre hôpitaux européens
Authors: De Moya Jean-François , Pallud Jessie , Merdinger-Rumpler Caroline , Schneider Franck
Published: May 2020

Les travaux de recherche sur le marketing de la santé se sont intéressés aux différentes stratégies de marketing et de communication au sein d’un établissement de santé. Cependant, nous pouvons nous interroger sur la structure communicationnelle qui soutient ces stratégies. Cette étude propose une approche méthodologique basée sur l’analytique et l’analyse des réseaux sociaux afin de mieux comprendre les stratégies utilisées par - différentes structures de communication d’hôpitaux sur les médias sociaux. En nous appuyant sur les données de quatre comptes Twitter d’hôpitaux européens, nous créons et représentons le réseau de ces organisations grâce aux graphes sociaux. Nos résultats soulignent l’importance de l’analyse des réseaux sociaux numériques pour la compréhension de la stratégie de communication.
Determinants of coopetition through data sharing in Maas
Authors: Carballa Smichowski Bruno
Published: May 2020

Mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) schemes combining information about and access to multiple means of transportation through a single electronic interface require transportation operators sharing data. In doing so, they coopete: they compete over rides while they collaborate to build a service that can bring them all more rides. Building on microeconomic theory and the experiences of the existing MaaS schemes, we show that, although every operator has incentives to share data if a critical mass of coopetitors do, the coopetitive dynamics of data sharing can lead to multiple mixes of operators. In some mixes, certain operators will not decide not to participate.
Recomendaciones en los laboratorios de sueño y para el uso de dispositivos de presión positiva durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Zabala-Parra Sandra , Guzmán-Ortiz Kevin A.
Published: May 2020

La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 o COVID-19 se transmite principalmente a través de gotas respiratorias, contacto cercano no protegido, y procedimientos generadores de aerosoles (3). Las pruebas realizadas en un laboratorio de sueño y la terapia con presión positiva como el CPAP o BPAP, pueden aumentar el riesgo de exposición de transmisión de COVID 19 al personal médico y pacientes. Las decisiones basadas en la evidencia son el estándar ideal, sin embargo, esta evidencia va apareciendo poco a poco, a un ritmo mas lento que la emergencia de salud publica que estamos viviendo; por tanto, por el momento debemos basar nuestras decisiones en la experiencia, en documentos de consenso, cuando esten disponibles, y el juicio clinico cuando no exista evidencia. Nuestro objetivo es dar unas recomendaciones, teniendo como marco de referencia las dictadas por organismos nacionales e internacionales, como la Academia Americana de Medicina del Sueño, la Academia Mexicana de Medicina del dormir, y otras publicaciones en revistas indexadas. (1,2)
Recomendaciones en rinología, cirugía endoscópica nasal y cirugía de base de cráneo en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Pulido María Alejandra , Silva- Rueda Ricardo , Mora-Diaz Carolina
Published: May 2020

En el mundo de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), definir pautas durante la fase a la que nos enfrentamos es un gran reto, ya que los criterios pueden cambiar, así como las medias de protección y aislamiento. Esta publicación pretende orientar los procedimientos, patologías y procesos relacionados con el área de rinología, senos paranasales y cirugía de base de cráneo en el contexto de consulta externa, procedimientos ambulatorios, cirugía relacionada y controles postquirúrgicos.
Cómo reinventarnos en la nueva era del COVID-19
Authors: Garcia-Rey Tatiana
Published: May 2020

no aplica
Rilkes Duineser Elegien, ein zwiespältiges Experiment
Authors: Liewerscheidt Dieter
Published: May 2020

Gegenüber der Lyrik des späten Rilke herrscht nach wie vor, einiger Konjunktureinbrüche zum Trotz, ein Rezeptionsmodell vor, das entfernt an ein überliefertes Geschehen vor dem Delphischen Orakel erinnert. Die Priester übersetzen die göttlich inspirierten
Verlautbarungen der Pythia für ein begrenztes Publikum in eine exklusive Mitteilung, die ihrerseits für eine breitere Öffentlichkeit einer praxistauglichen Auslegung bedarf. Die enormen Verstehens-, Auslegungs- und Vermittlungsprobleme speziell mit den Duineser Elegien1
konnten der hartnäckigen Enträtselungsarbeit der Exegeten nichts anhaben2, auch wenn immer wieder eine Stagnation oder gar Vergeblichkeit der Textaufhellung eingeräumt und die Ergiebigkeit mancher Zugangsversuche bezweifelt wird.3 Gerade das Fortbestehen
nach wie vor ,,dunkler“ Textpassagen wird eher als Symptom für die Unzulänglichkeit des literaturwissenschaftlichen Instrumentariums4 denn als Anzeichen für dichterische Defizite auf Seiten des Textproduzenten genommen. Trotz aller Vorbehalte, die er gegenüber
den Implikationen und der Konzeption der Elegien vorbringt, kapituliert beispielsweise Hans Egon Holthusen vor ,,Zauber, Beschwörung der Gedichte“: ,,Das Schöne spricht eine andere Sprache als die Vernunft und ist gegen ihre Einwände gesichert“5.
Noch grundsätzlicher spricht Franz Josef Brecht diesen Dichtungsbegriff aus: ,,Dichten ist das ursprüngliche Nennen des Seins und seiner uns übertreffenden Mächte“6. Glücklicherweise ist diese Auffassung in solcher Konsequenz längst nicht mehr
anzutreffen, sonst müsste man auf der Stelle verstummen.
Vom Symbol zum Individuum: Tiere im Werk Jeremias Gotthelfs1
Authors: Wannenmacher Julia Eva
Published: May 2020

In den Romanen, Erzählungen und Gedichten des Schweizer Schriftstellers Jeremias Gotthelf (1797-1854) haben Tiere große Bedeutung. Zunächst scheint das nicht weiter erstaunlich, sind doch die Werke Gotthelfs zu großen Teilen in einem bäuerlichen Milieu angesiedelt,
in dem Tiere naturgemäß in großer Zahl vorhanden und vor allem als Transport- oder andere Arbeitstiere, Milchlieferantinnen und Nahrungsmittel nicht wegzudenken sind. Jedoch sind Gotthelfs Tiere mehr als Statisten im Dorfidyll oder -drama, sie sind Akteurinnen und Akteure,
Redner, Briefschreiberinnen, in den verschiedensten Rollen und Funktionen. Der Forschungsstand zum Thema ist überschaubar; bisher sind Tiere oder vielmehr das Tier an sich vor allem in der Anthropologie Gotthelfs zum Forschungsgegenstand geworden.
Historische Perspektivverschiebung1 auf Tiere in Marcel Beyers Kaltenburg
Authors: Gaikwad Shreya
Published: May 2020

In seinem 2008 erschienenen Roman Kaltenburg verknüpft Marcel Beyer die deutsche Geschichte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts mit einem Tiermotiv. Im Roman ist es vor allem die Perspektive auf Vögel, die den Erzählvorgang über die Vergangenheit bestimmt. So beschreibt
die Anfangsszene des Romans den ,,Abstieg einer Kamindohle zu ihrem in völliger Dunkelheit liegenden Nest“ (S. 9) und parallelisiert damit die sorgfältige Abwärtsbewegung des Vogels in die Dunkelheit mit dem Erzählprozess über die deutsche Vergangenheit. Der
Erzähler ist der Ornithologe Hermann Funks, der hauptsächlich das Leben und die Tierforschung seines Ersatzvaters und Verhaltensforschers Ludwig Kaltenburgs im Kontext der Situation Deutschlands nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg nachempfindet und nacherzählt. Die Biografie Kaltenburgs
weist auf den realen Lebensweg des bekannten Zoologen Konrad Lorenz hin: ,,Kaltenburg ist also die fiktionale Biografie einer fiktionalisierten historischen Persönlichkeit aus der Sicht eines Dritten“.2 Die Lebensgeschichte Kaltenburgs ist eingebettet in eine Rahmenerzählsituation,
die in der Gegenwart angesiedelt ist und aus Gesprächen zwischen Funk und der Dolmetscherin Katharina Fischer besteht, die Funk über ornithologisches Wissen bis hin zur gemeinsamen Vergangenheit mit Kaltenburg befragt.
Die vergewaltigte Marquise von O…. Skandal, Satire und abgründige Komik in Kleists Novelle
Authors: Liewerscheidt Dieter
Published: May 2020

Die Marquise von O….1 verdankt ihre Bekanntheit ihrem Ruf als Skandaltext, der ihr schon seit ihrer Veröffentlichung 1808/102 anhing. Das hatte nicht nur mit der Sensationsträchtigkeit des Inhalts zu tun; denn seit Boccaccios Decamerone3
und spätestens seit Goethes Diktum von der ,,sich ereignete[n], unerhörte[n] Begebenheit“4 gehörte dies eher zur Erwartung des lesenden Publikums an eine Novelle. Es war aber nicht die Anstößigkeit des Ausgangsmotivs allein, die unwissentliche Schwangerschaft,
sondern seine Platzierung auf der gesellschaftlichen Ebene des niederen Adels um 1800 und seine Publizierung in einer neuen Zeitschrift mit hohem literarischen Anspruch, was die oft zitierte empörte Ablehnung hervorrief5. Auf diese Kritik reagierte der Autor mit einer Reihe
von Epigrammen, deren bekanntestes einen latenten Vorbehalt aufgreift und zuspitzt:
Cirugía hepatobiliar y pancreática en los tiempos del COVID-19
Authors: Parra Membrives P
Published: May 2020

La aparición de la pandemia por COVID-19 ha venido a modificar el trabajo diario de todos los profesionales sanitarios. La adaptación de los cirujanos hepatobiliopancreáticos a la situación actual es compleja por cuanto la toma de decisiones sobre los pacientes con la patología que habitualmente tratamos se ve muy influida por factores sobre los que existe poca evidencia científica. El presente artículo examina algunas de las certezas que se poseen en este momento y analiza diversas reflexiones para el cirujano a la hora de atender la patología hepática, biliar y pancreática en la nueva era COVID-19.
Incarcerated inguinal hernia secondary to diffuse peritoneal hidatidosis
Authors: Vico Aria AB , Alonso García SC , Calzado Baeza S , Martín Díaz M , Herrera Fernández F
Published: May 2020

Antecedentes: la enfermedad hidatídica es una antropozoonosis causada en la mayoría de las ocasiones por el cestodo Echinococcus granulosus (EG), caracterizada por la aparición de quistes que pueden desarrollarse en diversos órganos, fundamentalmente en hígado y pulmones. Sin embargo, la aparición de estos quistes a nivel inguinal es muy infrecuente, con muy pocos casos registrados en la literatura científica.

Objetivo: presentar el caso de un paciente diagnosticado de hernia inguinal incarcerada secundaria a hidatidosis peritoneal difusa.

Caso clínico: varón de 27 años e intervenido de forma urgente por tumoración inguinal irreductible y dolorosa de 24 horas de evolución. En quirófano se evidencia una hernia inguinal indirecta con presencia de saco herniario que contenía epiplón sin signos de sufrimiento y en su parte distal una tumoración, pétrea y adyacente al teste derecho, la cual fue extirpada en su totalidad. El paciente fue estudiado tras los hallazgos quirúrgicos y anatomopatológicos que informaron de lesión pseudoquística y granulomatosa, por lo que se realizó una tomografía computarizada (TC) que informó de una hidatidosis peritoneal difusa.

Conclusión: la presentación de la enfermedad hidatídica peritoneal como una hernia inguinal complicada es extremadamente rara.
Acetaminophen acute hepatotoxicity
Authors: García García AM , Cobos Rodríguez J , García Ferreira AJ , García Cortés AJ
Published: May 2020

El paracetamol es el medicamento antipirético y analgésico más utilizado en el mundo. La lesión hepática debida a una sobredosis intencional o no de este fármaco es una situación común que los médicos deben tener en cuenta. La toxicidad que puede producir implica vías metabólicas que tienen lugar en los microsomas de los hepatocitos y puede manifestarse como una hipertransaminasemia asintomática o puede llegar a producir una insuficiencia hepática aguda. La clínica es variada y generalmente ocurre en cuatro fases secuenciales. Para establecer la necesidad de tratamiento con N-acetilcisteína se utiliza el nomograma Rumack-Mathew ya que puede reducir la progresión a un fallo hepático si se administra de manera precoz tras una sobredosis aguda. Sin embargo en algunos pacientes seleccionados puede ser necesario el trasplante hepático.
Assentamentos de reforma agrária no Maranhão e no Ceará:
Authors: Galindo Osmil , Macedo Weter
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
Sistemas de produção e meio ambiente
Authors: Duqué Ghislaine , Cohen Marianne
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo
Terceirização, taylorismo e conflito
Authors: Malaguti Manoel Luiz
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
A economia política marxista
Authors: Santos Theotonio dos
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
Novas alternativas de financiamento para a agricultura brasileira
Authors: Silva Pedro Carlos Gama da , Santos Robério Ferreira dos
Published: May 2020

Sem resumo.
Gamificación en Ingeniería de Organización: “Cubioska” un juego de Role en Entorno Web
Authors: Redondo Castán Alfonso , Pascual Ruano José Antonio , Gento Municio Ángel Manuel , San José Rodríguez Virginia
Published: May 2020

El acceso al mercado laboral de los estudiantes del área de Ingeniería en Organización, les exige disponer tanto de una buena formación técnica, como de un conjunto de habilidades complementarias de carácter transversal (soft skills). Para ello, es necesario utilizar nuevas metodologías de enseñanza/aprendizaje, y según los expertos, una de las más recomendadas en nuestra área es el “Role-Playing”. En base a ella se ha implementado el “Role Playing CUBIOSKA” con su correspondiente herramienta Web. El objetivo es hacer que el estudiante sea un agente activo de su formación y obtenga un aprendizaje experiencial, acercándose al modelo constructivista, que le facilite la adquisición de las competencias necesarias. El sistema de evaluación establecido acredita unos excelentes resultados de aprendizaje en habilidades interpersonales, autonomía y responsabilidad y toma de decisiones.
La industria 4.0, el nuevo motor de la innovación industrial
Authors: Ayneto Gubert Xavier
Published: May 2020

La industria afronta el gran reto de una nueva revolución. No se trata solo de la digitalización de los procesos existentes, si no de un cambio profundo de modelo hacia una fabricación personalizada, adaptativa, descentralizada, flexible, eficiente y en masa. A la hibridación entre los mundos físico y virtual, que interactúan en tiempo real a través de sistemas ciberfísicos, se une una mayor integración y nuevos modelos de negocio. La innovación y la formación de nuevos profesionales con una visión transversal, alto nivel tecnológico y nuevas competencias. toman un valor central en el camino hacia este nuevo paradigma industrial.
KADIN VE ERKEKLERDE SOSYAL SERMAYE VE BENLİK KURGULARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER
Authors: UÇAR Mehmet Ertuğrul , KONAL Bilge , GÜNDOĞDU Rezzan , MORSÜNBÜL Ümit
Published: May 2020

Bireylerin kendilerini özerk ya da ilişkisel
hissetmesi, benlik kurgularıyla ilgilidir. Sosyal sermaye, güvene dayalı insan
ilişkilerinin ürünüdür ve maddi olmayan bir sermaye türüdür. Sosyal sermaye;
güven, ortak değerler ve iletişim ağları ile birbirine bağlanmayı içeren grup
aidiyeti duygusundan oluşur. Başka insanları tanıyor olmak ve o insanlar ile
iletişim halinde olmak, bir yerde, sosyal sermayenin oluşması için yeterli
değildir. Bu insanlara güvenmek, kendinizi tanıdığınız insanlardan oluşan bir gruba
ait hissetmek ve iletişim kurduğunuz kişilerle bazı ortak değerleri
taşıdığınıza inanmak gerekir. Bu araştırmanın amacı,  kadın ve erkeklerde ilişkisel ve özerk benlik
kurgularını stratejik güven, genelleştirilmiş güven, kurumsal güven ve ortak
değerlerin yordayıp yordamadığını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma grubu 236
üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır (%66.7 kadın, %33.3 erkek).Verilerin
analizinde Pearson Korelasyon katsayısı ve regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır.
Genel olarak stratejik güven, genelleştirilmiş güven, kurumsal güven ve ortak
değerler özerk ve ilişkisel benliği yordamıştır.
"II. MEŞRUTİYET SONRASI KURŞUNLA SANSÜR GELENEĞİ BİR MUHALEFET TASFİYESİ ÖRNEĞİ OLARAK AHMET SAMİM CİNAYETİ"
Authors: ATEŞ Ferhat
Published: May 2020

II.
Meşrutiyet dönemiyle birlikte toplumsal hayatta görece özgürlükçü siyasi bir
hava hâkim olmuştur. 24 Temmuz 1908 tarihinde gazeteler yazılarını sansüre
göndermediler. Artık basın özgürlüğünün, ifade özgürlüğünün, farklı siyasal
düşüncelerin cemiyetlerce temsil edilmesinin ve görünür olmalarının önünde bir
engelin kalmadığı düşünülmüştür. Bu anlamda istisnai, parlak; fakat kısa bir
dönemin yaşandığı söylenebilir. Şöyle ki, “iktidarın yozlaştırdığı” önermesi
çok sürmeden karşılık bulmuş, dolayısıyla bir “çözüm yöntemi” olarak, muhalif
gazetecilerin susturulmasıyla işe başlanmıştır. Serbesti gazetesi yazarı Hasan
Fehmi’nin 6 Nisan 1909 tarihinde Galata Köprüsü’nde, üç kurşunla öldürülmesinin
sonrasında, 31 Mart Olayı ve İttihat ve Terakki
Cemiyeti’nin iktidarını tamamen tesis etmesiyle başlayan, iktidarın
toplumun her kesimine ve kurumuna sirayet etme çabaları… İşte böyle bir siyasi
iklimde, Ahmet Samim iktidarın ve iktidar taraftarlarının dolayısıyla İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nin politikalarını,
öldürüleceğine dair malumata sahip olmasına rağmen, Sada-yı Millet gazetesinde
eleştirel yazılarını sürdüren, genç ve yürekli bir gazetecidir. Ahmet Samim
cinayeti, 31 Mart Vakası’ndan sonra yeni muktedirin, adım adım iktidarı ele
geçirdiğini hatırlatma ve biat etmeyenlerin sonunun ne olacağını gösterme
kabilinde, iktidarın muhalefete gönderdiği bir mesaj olarak okunabilir. 9
Haziran 1910’da, İstanbul Bahçekapı’da vuku bulan Ahmet Samim cinayetinin
öncesi, sonrası ve Ahmet Samim’in bugüne bıraktığı hür “sada”sının kıymeti
çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
ALMANYA’DA TÜRKİYELİ GÖÇMENLERİN ENTEGRASYON SÜRECİNDE AVRUPA MİLLİ GÖRÜŞ’ÜN ROLÜ
Authors: GÜNDOĞMUŞ Bekir , ARPACI İşıl
Published: May 2020

Türkiye’den Almanya’ya yaşanan işgücü göçünün, başlangıcından bu yana beraberinde getirdiği uyum
ve/veya entegrasyon sorunları, aradan geçen yarım asırlık süreye karşın halen güncelliğini
korumaktadır. Zira bir yandan hedef ülke Almanya’nın göçmenleri Avrupa/Alman değerleri potasında
uyumlaştırma motivasyonlu politikaları devam ederken, diğer yandan göçmenlerin yaşadığı kültürel
şoklar kimlik bunalımı benzeri değişim/dönüşümlere yol açmakta, kalıcılaşmayla birlikte sorunlar
yerleşik türevlerini üretmektedir. Bu duruma Avrupa’da yükselen aşırı sağcı ve İslamofobik yaklaşımlar
eklemlendiğinde konu daha da karmaşık hale gelmektedir. Üstelik bu süreç sadece Almanya’ya ait bir
iç politik durum değil aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin dış politikasını biçimlendiren, iç politikasına etki eden
boyutları da kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Almanya’da Türkiyeli göçmenlerin kurduğu sivil toplum
örgütleri arasında en büyük örgütlenme ağına sahip olan Avrupa Milli Görüş’ün (IGMG), Türkiyeli
göçmenlerin uyum süreçlerine katkısını irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda Almanya’da yaşayan
399 IGMG üyesine yönelik gerçekleştirilen saha araştırması ve alan taramalarından elde edilen
verilerden yararlanılacaktır. Böylece Türkiyeli göçmenlerin uyum sürecinin niteliği ve sürece
IGMG’nin etki düzeyi ortaya konulacaktır.
MARKA BİLİNİRLİĞİ VE MATERYALİZM İLİŞKİSİNE OKUL ÖNCESİ ÇOCUKLARIN EBEVYNELERİNİN BAKIŞ AÇISI
Authors: YILDIRIM Zehra
Published: May 2020

Okul öncesi çocuklar üzerinde reklam konusu çokça tartışılmakta, teknolojik değişiklikler ile birlikte
artan medya kanallarının sıkça kullanımı, çocuklar üzerindeki endişeleri beraberinde getirmektedir.
Okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların reklamlara karşı savunmasız oldukları dile getirilmekle beraber,
materyalist değer gelişimi endişe konusudur. Medya ortamındaki değişikliklere rağmen televizyon
önemli bir kaynak olmaya devam etmekte ve diğer medya kanallarına göre televizyon karşısında
geçirilen vakit daha fazladır. Sıkça televizyon reklamlarına maruz kalan çocukların daha az televizyon
reklamlarına maruz kalan çocuklardan daha fazla materyalist değerler geliştirdikleri bilinmektedir.
Reklamı yapılan ürün arzusunun materyalist değerleri teşvik eden bir yol olduğu dile getirilirken, marka
bilinirliği ve materyalizmin ilişkisini kavramak önemlidir. Bu araştırma okul öncesi yaş grubunda
çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının marka bilinirliği ve materyalizm ilişkisindeki bakış açısını
incelemeye yöneliktir. Bu araştırmadaki veriler, Ankara’da yaşayan 77 okul öncesi 4-6 yaş aralığındaki
çocukların ebeveynlerine yapılan anket yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, bu yaş
grubundaki çocukların marka bilinirliğine sahip olduğu aynı zamanda materyalist eğilimleri olmayan
çocuklar olduğu gibi materyalist eğilimleri olan çocukların da var olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Gap Organik Tarım Kümesi’nin Bölgesel Kalkınmaya Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Fatih
Published: May 2020

Dünya
nüfusunun hızla artması, tarım ürünlerine talebi artırmıştır. Tarımda üretimi ve
verimliliği artırmak için kimyasal girdiler kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu durumun
üretimi artırmakla birlikte çevre ve insan sağlığını olumsuz etkilemesi üzerine
ekolojik dengeye zarar vermeyen organik tarım yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Organik
tarımı geliştirmek ve yaygınlaştırmak üzere kullanılan yöntemlerden biri,
kümelenme modelidir. Küme aracılığıyla organik tarıma yönelik projelere mali ve
teknik destekler sağlanmıştır. Gelişmiş ülkeler organik tarımda önemli
gelişmeler sağlarken; Türkiye’de daha ziyade ihracata dayalı bir gelişme
göstermiştir. Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de hem bölgesel/yerel kalkınmanın
sağlanması hem de organik tarımın gelişmesi için kurulan GAP Organik Tarım
Kümesi incelenmiştir. Konu, GAP Organik Tarım Kümesi aracılığıyla sağlanan mali
desteklerin bölgesel/yerel kalkınmaya üretim, istihdam gibi unsurlar bakımından
değerlendirilmesi ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden
doküman analizi ve anket teknikleri ile yapılan çalışmada, GAP Organik Tarım
Kümesi’nin bölgesel kalknımaya üretim ve istihdam gibi yönlerden katkıda
bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Gelir Eşitsizliği Bireylerin Refahını Etkiler mi? Türkiye’den Bulgular
Authors: ERİKLİ Süheyla , YÜCEL Ahmet
Published: May 2020

Ekonomik gelir
seviyesi, bireylerin ve toplumun davranışlarını belirleyen en önemli
faktörlerden biridir. Neredeyse her tür sosyal alanda yaşam kalitesi ve
memnuniyet oranları ekonomik seviyeye paralel olarak azalmakta veya
artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye'de gelir eşitsizliğinin sağlık
ve sosyal problemler üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmektir. Veri analiz yöntemi
olarak, çok değişkenli adaptif regresyon katmanları (Multivariate adaptive
regression splines (MARSplines)) algoritması kullanılmıştır. Veri seti, ekonomik
ve ekonomik olmayan değişkenlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu sebeple, regresyon
modelinin bağımlı değişkeni, bir gelir eşitsizliği ölçü birimi olan, gini
katsayısı olarak belirlendi ve bu değişkenin ilgili TÜİK veri kümesi ile olan
ilişkisi incelendi. Sonuçlar, tüm bağımsız değişkenlerin belirli seviyelerde
gelir eşitsizliğini etkileyici bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu ortaya
koymaktadır. Ayrıca, MARSplines algoritması kullanılarak veri setinin yaklaşık %
99'unu açıklayabilen bir ilişki modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, Türkiye
özelinde, gelir eşitsizliği ve bireylerin refah düzeyleri arasında kuvvetli bir
ilişkinin olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. İlgi değişkenlerin model içinde sahip
oldukları katsayıların sayısal değerleri, değişkenin ilişki üzerindeki
etkisinin yönünü ve büyüklüğünü ortaya koymaktadır.
HYBRID ROUGH SET AND DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH TO TECHNOLOGY PRIORITISATION
Authors: Chodakowska Ewa , Nazarko Joanicjusz
Published: May 2020

The complexity and speed of change in technological systems pose new challenges to technology management. Particular attention should be given to the issue of modelling the uncertainty of assessments and creating rules for determining the weights of the technology assessment criteria. The article aims to present a comprehensive hybrid technology prioritisation model based on the Data Envelopment Analysis and the concept of Rough Sets. The technology prioritisation process that uses the proposed model includes three consecutive stages: (i) the formulation of technology assessment matrix, (ii) the removal of the criteria redundancy based on indiscernibility relation defined in the Rough Set Theory, (iii) the development of rough variables and prioritisation using the DEA super-efficiency model. The combination of DEA and RS is a unique proposal to classify and rank objects based on the tabular representation of their conditional attributes under circumstances of uncertainty. Application of the developed hybrid model to the real data of the technology foresight project “NT FOR Podlaskie 2020” positively verified the assumed effects of its use. The obtained results allow a more objective and rational justification of the chosen technology, simplification of interpretation and better authentication of results from the perspective of decision-makers.
VARTOTOJŲ LOJALUMO SVARBA ĮMONĖS VEIKLAI
Authors: Dainytė Gintarė , Korsakienė Renata
Published: May 2020

Analizuojant lojalumo poveikį, pastebima, kad lojalūs klientai padeda verslo įmonėms sutaupyti.
Todėl įmonėms vis svarbiau turėti lojalių klientų, kurie norėtų įsigyti prekių ne kartą, o informacija ir nuomone apie
patirtį dalintųsi su kitais. Straipsnyje pristatytos įvairių autorių nuomonės apie lojalumą ir pateikti orientacijos
į klientą skirtumai. Tai pat aptarta veiksnių, veikiančių lojalumą, svarba. Atlikus literatūros analizę, išskirti
klientų tipai. Tokia informacija leidžia taikyti atitinkamus planus skirtingoms klientų grupėms. Tyrime dalyvavę
kompetetingi ekspertai pateikė savo vertinimus, kurie toliau buvo analizuojami. SAW metodo pagalba, nustatyta, kuris
iš pasiūlymų įmonės ir kliento santykių gerinimui būtų geriausias. Remiantis pateiktais ekspertų vertinimais,
rekomenduojama atsižvelgti į technologinius pokyčius.
INOVACIJŲ PLĖTRA LIETUVOS BIOTECHNOLOGIJŲ SEKTORIUJE
Authors: Jakubavičius Artūras , Stravinskaitė Monika
Published: May 2020

Šiame darbe analizuojama inovacijų plėtra Lietuvos biotechnologijų sektoriuje. Lietuvoje biotechno-logijų sektorius startavo 20 a. 8 dešimtmetyje. Sėkmingai besivystantys biotechnologijų mokslai Lietuvoje sulaukia vis daugiau susidomėjimo tiek iš akademinės, tiek iš verslo srities atstovų. Tai parodo didžiulės investicijos ir didelis mokslinių straipsnių skaičius. Biotechnologiniai išradimai yra plačiai taikomi įvairiose pramonės srityse: maisto, farmacijos, chemijos, bioenergetikos ir žemės ūkio pramonėje. Šiame straipsnyje yra analizuojamos biotechnologijų rūšys, pateikiamas jų skirstymas, pritaikomumas, taip pat analizuojama inovacijų samprata. Pateikti statistiniai duomenys atspindi biotechnologijų plėtrą Lietuvos pramonėje bei integraciją į verslo sektorių, analizuojama mokslinių tyrimų ir eksperimentinės plėtros situacija. Lietuvoje inovacijų diegimas yra glaudžiai siejamas su mokslo plėtra. Analizuoti rezultatai parodo, kad biotechnologijų verslas 2013–2017 metais sparčiai didėja. Tendencingai vis daugiau įmonių Lietuvoje skiria didesnį finansavimą mokslo plėtrai, diegia inovacijas savo procesuose, taip gerindamos savo veiklas.
KRITINIAI ELEKTRONINĖS KOMERCIJOS PROJEKTŲ SĖKMĖS VEIKSNIAI
Authors: Sabaitytė Jolanta , Černiauskaite Guoda
Published: May 2020

Interneto vartotojų skaičius visame pasaulyje sparčiai auga. Per pastaruosius 19 metų šis skaičius išaugo nuo 360 983 512 iki 4 536 248 808 vartotojų, kas rodo ypatingai spartų augimą. Elektroninė komercija tampa potencialia sritimi verslo vystymui bei sukuria didelę pridėtinę vertę pasaulinei ekonomikai. Didėjanti pasiūla vartotojui sukuria terpę būti išrankiam. Tokiu būdu didėja konkurencija tarp elektroninės komercijos platformų ir tampa sunkiau išlikti sėkmingais. Šio straipsnio tikslas – identifikavus veiksnius, lemiančius elektroninės komercijos projektų sėkmę, sukurti koncepcinį elektroninės komercijos sėkmės modelį. Veiksnių identifikavimui buvo atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė. Įvertinus egzistuojančius sėkmės veiksnius ir sėkmės modelius buvo nustatyti trūkumai ir suformuotas e.komercijos sėkmės modelis, kuris įtraukia kartų skirtumą kaip faktorių, kuris nulemia vartotojo pasirinkimą.
Initiation and Early Kinematic Evolution of Solar Eruptions
Authors: Cheng X. , Zhang J. , Kliem B. , Török T. , Xing C. , Zhou Z. J. , Inhester B. , Ding M. D.
Published: May 2020

We investigate the initiation and early evolution of 12 solar eruptions, including six active-region hot channel and six quiescent filament eruptions, which were well observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory, as well as by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory for the latter. The sample includes one failed eruption and 11 coronal mass ejections, with velocities ranging from 493 to 2140 km s−1. A detailed analysis of the eruption kinematics yields the following main results. (1) The early evolution of all events consists of a slow-rise phase followed by a main-acceleration phase, the height–time profiles of which differ markedly and can be best fit, respectively, by a linear and an exponential function. This indicates that different physical processes dominate in these phases, which is at variance with models that involve a single process. (2) The kinematic evolution of the eruptions tends to be synchronized with the flare light curve in both phases. The synchronization is often but not always close. A delayed onset of the impulsive flare phase is found in the majority of the filament eruptions (five out of six). This delay and its trend to be larger for slower eruptions favor ideal MHD instability models. (3) The average decay index at the onset heights of the main acceleration is close to the threshold of the torus instability for both groups of events (although, it is based on a tentative coronal field model for the hot channels), suggesting that this instability initiates and possibly drives the main acceleration.
Independent Core Rotation in Massive Filaments in Orion
Authors: Xu 徐 Xuefang 雪芳 , Li 李 Di 菂 , Dai 戴 Y. Sophia 昱 , Fuller Gary A. , Yue 岳 Nannan 楠 楠
Published: May 2020

We present high-angular-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array images of N2H+ (1–0) that have been combined with those from the Nobeyama telescope toward the Orion Molecular Cloud (OMC)-2 and OMC-3 filamentary regions. The filaments (with typical widths of ∼0.1 pc) and dense cores are resolved. The measured 2D velocity gradients of cores are between 1.3 and 16.7 km s−1 pc−1, corresponding to a specific angular momentum (J/M) between 0.0012 and 0.016 pc km s−1. With respect to the core size R, the specific angular momentum follows a power law J/M ∝ R
1.52±0.14. The ratio (β) between the rotational energy and gravitational energy ranges from 0.00041 to 0.094, indicating insignificant support from rotation against gravitational collapse. We further focus on the alignment between the cores’ rotational axes, which is defined to be perpendicular to the direction of the velocity gradient (θ

G
), and the direction of elongation of filaments (θ

f
) in this massive star-forming region. The distribution of the angle between θ

f
and θ

G
was found to be random, i.e., the cores’ rotational axes have no discernible correlation with the elongation of their hosting filament. This implies that, in terms of angular momentum, the cores have evolved to be dynamically independent from their natal filaments.
Mapping the Predicted Solar Wind Hydrogen Flux in Lunar South Pole Craters
Authors: Rhodes Dov J. , Farrell William M.
Published: May 2020

The solar wind hydrogen flux is mapped onto the topography of four lunar south pole craters; Shackleton, Haworth, Shoemaker and Faustini. Using altimetry data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, we apply an analytic plasma model to map the hydrogen flux onto the surface, time-averaged over a lunar rotation cycle. We present a series of maps including the average flux, geomagnetic modulation, and ion flow energy. These results are intended to inform further studies of dynamic lunar surface processes, such as volatile implantation, sputtering, and weathering. As an example, we also present a map of a surface ice sheet lifetime based on ion sputtering.
Analysis of Liver Function on Leprosy Patient with Multidrug Therapy in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from January until December 2017
Authors: Darmi Mila , Lubis Ramona Dumasari
Published: May 2020

Leprosy is a chronic progressive granulomatous disease that caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an intracellular obligate bacteria. Leprosy can be treated using multidrug therapy (MDT) that can be associated with hepatotoxicity as their side effects. We included 14 patients that were all diagnosed with multibacillary leprosy, but with four drops out persons. Liver function evaluations before MDT were in the normal range. After 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of MDT, liver function test in research subjects also in the normal range even though there is variation in this value. There is a risk of hepatotoxicity of MDT; therefore, liver function test should be done periodically for early detection of any liver dysfunction.
Dépister l’ancestralité : machines et techniques généalogiques dans la reconstruction des histoires de famille
Authors: Abel Sarah , Pálsson Gísli
Published: May 2020

Les vingt dernières années ont vu émerger des « machines généalogiques » qui promettent de révolutionner les recherches sur l’histoire familiale. Cet article examine les pratiques de traçage qui s’articulent autour de ces technologies, et leur impact sur le façonnement des concepts actuels de parenté, en s’appuyant sur deux études de cas. L’une se réfère aux efforts déployés par les descendants d’Islandais en Amérique du Nord en vue de s’insérer à nouveau dans l’arbre généalogique national, et l’autre suit les tentatives d’un Islandais afin de rétablir le lien avec le père qu’il n’a jamais connu.
Mineur jusqu’aux os ? La juge des enfants et l’âge du jeune étranger au prisme des tests osseux
Authors: Lendaro Annalisa
Published: May 2020

Cette contribution se propose d’analyser la place des tests osseux dans le processus de (non)reconnaissance de la minorité du jeune étranger isolé. En particulier, l’article se focalisera sur les débats concernant la capacité de ces derniers à « dire vrai » au sujet de l’âge des jeunes, qui ont lieu pendant et en marge des audiences devant le juge des enfants. S’appuyant sur les matériaux recueillis via une enquête ethnographique réalisée dans deux villes françaises, le cœur de la contribution analyse les débats autour de la légitimité et de la fiabilité de ces « technologies du soupçon » et met en exergue la dimension politique des pratiques judiciaires autour des expertises sur le corps d’autrui.
Hegel et la Trinité
Authors: Bourgeois Bernard
Published: May 2020

Cet article se déploie en deux temps. Tout d’abord, il s’agit d’analyser la conceptualisation hégélienne, à la fois descriptive et critique, correctrice, d’une part du contenu qui est celui des trois déterminations constitutives de la Trinité religieuse chrétienne, et, d’autre part, de leur statut dans ce contexte culturel originel d’elles-mêmes. Puis, dans un second moment, il s’agit de méditer le concept hégélien, non pas de la Trinité chrétienne, mais de la triplicité de l’être, afin d’apprécier ce que celle-ci a gardé de celle-là, après que la philosophie, de Philon jusqu’à Kant, en a fait progressivement une pensée.
La logique, science recherchée
Authors: Halimi Brice
Published: May 2020

Une théorie de la science qui permette une « étude systématique des formes » est l’ἐπιστήμη ζητοῦμένη de Cavaillès : ce dernier ne la trouve ni dans l’analytique kantienne, ni dans la théorie de la science de Bolzano ; pas plus que chez Frege, Carnap ou Tarski ; et ni dans la théorie de la démonstration, ni dans la mathesis husserlienne. Cet article défend l’idée qu’il aurait pu la trouver, ou du moins s’en approcher, s’il avait accordé davantage d’attention à une figure de la logique qu’il a délaissée : celle qu’incarnent Russell et son héritier Wittgenstein. L’analyse de la notion même de forme, que celle-ci désigne un complexe symbolique, une structure mathématique ou un schéma démonstratif, y aurait également gagné.
Organizational Culture, Social Capital, and Knowledge Management
Authors: Afshari Leila , Nasab Ali Hadian , Dickson Geoff
Published: May 2020

This study examined the mediating role of social capital on the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management. Data were obtained from bank employees in Iran. After a screening process, the data from a sample of 127 employees was used to test the mediation model using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that organizational culture had a significant positive effect on knowledge management and social capital. Furthermore, social capital had a significant positive effect on knowledge management confirming the mediating role of social capital. The current research contributes to the knowledge management literature by exploring a plausible explanation for the strong relationships between organizational culture and knowledge management. This study encourages practitioners to develop social capital and mutual trust among employees to promote effective knowledge management practices.
Personal or Scenarios Factors?
Authors: Xu Hua , Cheng Shuqiang , Liu Lijun
Published: May 2020

This paper describes how to accumulate knowledge during solving complex engineering problems for novice engineers. The purpose of this study is to find important factors that have significant influence on knowledge accumulation (KA) behavior of novice engineers in solving complex problems. This study uses data from a sample of 185 novice engineers in Chinese manufacturing firms and employs structural equation modelling approach to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings of this study indicate that knowledge accumulation rely more on the features of problem solver and context factors. Contrary to expectation, complex problem characteristics do not make a significant and direct contribution to motivate knowledge accumulation. These variables collectively would help to explain the novice engineers' knowledge accumulation in solving complex engineering problems. Implications, limitations, and future scope of the study have also been discussed.
Melbourne's Advanced Rail Transportation
Authors: Gharehbaghi Koorosh , Farnes Ken , Myers Matt
Published: May 2020

Melbourne's commuter rail transportation is ageing and outdated. As Melbourne's population is ever-increasing, its rail transportation infrastructure planning also needs to be developed, based on long-term technological advancements. Subsequently, Melbourne's rail network and its systems need to be continuously scrutinized. This study thus reviews Melbourne's advanced rail transportation systems, and determines its future perspectives. This research initially found that, for Melbourne, one of the important aspects of long-term technological innovation is the inclusion of the three specific automation measures of; moderate intrusion control systems; revamp signaling technologies; and new rail lines and systems. Further examination recommended that advanced rail transportation systems including enhanced communications systems, be carefully integrated. Such outcomes will in turn boost Melbourne's rail performance through, a) increase safety and passenger satisfaction; b) enhance system reliability; c) intensify train frequency and capacity; d) improve operational flexibility; and e) reduce the overall operating costs. It is expected that these findings will ultimately assist the relevant rail transportation planners, to make optimal decisions when deciding on the selection of the most advanced rail transportation strategies.
Dario Vellozo, de professor para professor, produção e circulação do conhecimento pedagógico: A escola, uma revista em análise (1906-1910)
Authors: Rodrigues Elaine , Gonçalves Neto Wenceslau
Published: May 2020

O impresso, fonte e objeto da pesquisa, é a revista A Escola, um periódico produzido pelo Grêmio de professores públicos do Paraná/Curitiba no período de 1906 a 1910, tomados como balizadores temporais para a reflexão. Os questionamentos que direcionaram essa escrita foram: Em tempos de república nascente, qual função, os colaboradores da revista, em particular seu editor, Dario Vellozo,  destinavam à escola? Quais temáticas estiveram em maior evidência no que tange a formação do professor  paranaense na recém instaurada república brasileira? A Imprensa especializada em educação e ensino,  evidencia-se como um como núcleo de informação, já que mostra maneiras de produzir e difundir  discursos, o que possibilita objetivar a compreensão da dinâmica que engloba a produção das narrativas  educacionais e suas articulações com a construção da(s) identidade(s), histórico-educacional(ais),  pretendida(s) para o(a) professor(a) e para o aluno(a) curitibano da nascente república brasileira.
Perception of nurses about the risk assessment of the low complexity non-referred user
Authors: Buriola Aline , Silva Camilla Passarela , Cazañas Eduardo Fuzetto , Nascimento Tayomara Ferreira
Published: May 2020

The goal of this study was to assess the perceptions and behaviors of nurses who provide triage with risk assessment to low complexity non-referred patients. The participants of the study were nurses who were performing patients’ triage with risk assessment, and the sample consisted of thirteen participants. The instruments used for the interviews were semi-structured questionnaires related to the characterization of the topic under study. Content analysis, i.e., the method proposed by Bardin, was used for data analysis. For data organization, we used MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2018, a software program that favored the identification between the similarities of the elements and ideas, thus making it possible to reach the cores of meanings. The identified categories were: (a) understanding about the healthcare provided by the emergency/urgency care Network; (b) evaluation of patient triage with risk classification; and (c) difficulties/challenges observed at the institution when providing user assessment with risk classification. It is concluded that nurses’ perceptions regarding the topic under study were linked to the disarticulation of the healthcare Network, the fragility of the relationship between physicians and nurses, and the lack of use of institutional protocols.
Critical thinking skills for diagnosis process application from the perspective of nursing students and professors
Authors: Riegel Fernando , Crossetti Maria da Graça Oliveira
Published: May 2020

Identify, from the experiences of nursing students and their professors, the critical thinking skills necessary for applying the diagnosis process to clinical practice. Descriptive-exploratory with qualitative approach. The study was conducted at a higher education institution in the south of Brazil, after approval from the Research Ethics Committee, under CAEE No 72294917.7.0000.5347. It had the participation of five nursing students and four nursing professors through focal group sessions. The content analysis technique was used for data analysis. The most remarkable holistic critical thinking skills identified from the point of view of the nursing students were: analysis and knowledge; from the professors' perspective, they were: analysis, information search, clinical experience, knowledge transformation, contextual perspective, intuition, prediction and comprehension. With the findings of this research, professors will be capable of implementing strategies focused on the individual needs of students in order to qualify teaching practices as to the nursing diagnosis process.
Mixed Langmuir Monolayers of C18 Fatty Acids: Effect of Degree of Saturation
Authors: Gew Lai Ti , Misran Misni
Published: May 2020

The degree of unsaturation of hydrocarbon chains in the lipid diversity of biological membrane will greatly influence the membrane protein function. Lipid-lipid interactions in the membrane domain are crucial in the development of novel liposomal nanocarrier as the stability and function of liposomes are important points to be considered. The embedded therapeutic proteins are dependent on lipid membrane composition and their physical properties. In this study, we elucidated lipid-lipid interactions in the biological membrane domain with energetic quantitative data by mixing any two C18 fatty acids namely, stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (L1), linoleic acid (L2), and linolenic acid (L3) in Langmuir-Blodgett trough with water subphase. In general, SA has a saturated hydrocarbon chain; meanwhile, L1, L2 and L3 have increasing degree of unsaturation in their respective hydrocarbon chain. The tail-to-tail interactions were studied by the combinations of SA/L1, SA/L2, SA/L3, L1/L2, L1/L3 and L2/L3 at various mole ratios ranging from 9:1, 8:2, 7:3 ... to 1:9. Among the mixtures of C18 fatty acids, L2/L3 is considered as the energetically stable at the optimum amount of XL2 and XL3 = 0.5 respectively, at all discrete surface pressure.