bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of seaweed extract in paddy seed presoaking: A pathway to improve crop performance
Authors: Elamparithi R , Sujatha K , Albert V A , Sivakumar T , Gurusamy A , Mini M L
Published: January 2025

Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) is a globally important staple crop, and achieving high yield is closely linked to effective seed treatments. In this study, seeds of Improved Kavuni CO 57 were treated with seaweed extracts (SE) from Sargassum myricocystum (brown algae) and Kappaphycus alvarezii (red algae) at various concentrations to assess their impact on seed performance. The treated seeds were evaluated for physiological and biochemical improvements. Notably, seeds soaked in a 0.5% methanol extract of Sargassum myricocystum (T6) showed significant improvements compared to the control group, including a higher germination rate (94%), increased root length (19.51 cm), enhanced shoot length (9.29 cm), higher dry matter production (0.155 g/seedling), and a marked increase in seedling vigor index (2707). Biochemical analysis revealed significant enhancements in enzyme activities, with ?-amylase (2.41 mg maltose min?¹), catalase (3.15 µmol H?O? reduced min?¹ g?¹), and peroxidase (0.332 moles tetra guaiacol min?¹ g?¹) all exhibiting higher levels in treated seeds. Additionally, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified key secondary metabolites in the treated seeds, with hexadecanoic acid (21.14%) and octadecanoic acid (10.86%) as dominant compounds. These compounds, known for their antimicrobial, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, suggest enhanced resilience in the treated plants. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of SE as a sustainable alternative to conventional seed treatments, offering a promising approach for enhancing crop growth and yield in organic and sustainable agricultural systems.
Synchronized vector solutions for the nonlinear Hartree system with nonlocal interaction
Authors: Gao Fashun , Yang Minbo , Zhao Shunneng
Published: January 2025

We are concerned with the following nonlinear Hartree system

−
Δ
u
+

P

1

(

|
x
|

)

u
=

α

1

|
x

|

−
1

∗

u

2

u
+
β

|
x

|

−
1

∗

v

2

u
 

in

R

3

,

−
Δ
v
+

P

2

(

|
x
|

)

v
=

α

2

|
x

|

−
1

∗

v

2

v
+
β

|
x

|

−
1

∗

u

2

v
 

in

R

3

,

$$\begin{cases}-{\Delta}u+{P}_{1}\left(\vert x\vert \right)u={\alpha }_{1}\left(\vert x{\vert }^{-1}\ast {u}^{2}\right)u+\beta \left(\vert x{\vert }^{-1}\ast {v}^{2}\right)u\quad \hfill & \text{in} {\mathbb{R}}^{3},\hfill \\ -{\Delta}v+{P}_{2}\left(\vert x\vert \right)v={\alpha }_{2}\left(\vert x{\vert }^{-1}\ast {v}^{2}\right)v+\beta \left(\vert x{\vert }^{-1}\ast {u}^{2}\right)v\quad \hfill & \text{in} {\mathbb{R}}^{3},\hfill \end{cases}$$

where P
1(r) and P
2(r) are positive radial potentials, α
1 > 0, α
2 > 0 and

β
∈
R

$\beta \in \mathbb{R}$

is a coupling constant. We first study nondegeneracy of ground states for the limit system of the above problem. As applications, we show that the nonlinear Hartree system has infinitely many non-radial positive synchronized solutions, whose energy can be arbitrarily large.
Anisotropic adams’ type inequality with exact growth in
R
4

${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$
Authors: Zhang Tao , Yang Fan , Cheng Tingzhi , Zhou Chunqin
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we mainly extend the classical Adams’ inequality to its anisotropic type. By using the rearrangement argument, we establish best constants for anisotropic Adams’ type inequality with exact growth in

R

4

${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$

. We give the optimal growth rate of the exponential-type function in the whole space

R

4

${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$

. Furthermore, using the same method, we also prove anisotropic Adams’ type inequality on bounded domain

Ω
⊂

R

4

${\Omega}\subset {\mathbb{R}}^{4}$

.
Moderation of teacher-student rapport in the link between smartphone addiction and foreign language burnout and its gender difference
Authors: Ma Lihong , Xiao Leifeng , Liu Jian
Published: January 2025

As smartphone addiction (SPA) among young learners grows, a consequential increase in learning burnout is observed. However, the association between SPA and learning burnout, especially in the context of foreign language (FL) learning, remains underexplored. In particular, the factors that might mitigate this relationship and the potential variations across genders have not been sufficiently examined. Drawing upon control value theory and social capital theory, this study sheds light on the moderating role of teacher-student rapport (TSR) in the SPA-FL burnout nexus, and also explores the potential gender differences. The research involved a total of 4,372 secondary-level students in China (54.3 % boys), using student-reported data on SPA, TSR, and FL learning burnout. The results revealed a positive correlation between SPA and burnout in FL learning. Furthermore, TSR played a crucial moderating role in this relationship. Interestingly, gender differences were identified in the moderating effect of TSR on the SPA-FL burnout link. That is, TSR only mitigated the effects of SPA on FL burnout among male students, but this did not hold true for female students. These findings have theoretical and pedagogical implications for FL education.
Unlocking economic potential of the Ulva crop for low salinity environments: exploring the effect of salinity gradients on the performance and valuable compounds of Baltic Sea strains
Authors: Steinhagen Sophie , Johansson Ida , Specht Julia , Enge Swantje , Larsson Karin , Undeland Ingrid , Toth Gunilla B.
Published: January 2025

The rising global significance of sea lettuce (Ulva spp.) in aquaculture stems from its versatility, rapid growth, and nutritional benefits. Cultivation expansion into lower salinity areas, like the Baltic Sea, is crucial for advancing aquaculture beyond traditional environments. This study investigated the impact of long-term (8 weeks) low salinity treatments on the biochemical content of eight Ulva strains – encompassing some of the most common Ulva crop species (Ulva lacinulata, Ulva linza, Ulva intestinalis, Ulva fenestrata) of the wider Baltic Sea area – from varying source salinities (30, 14, 9, 7). Most strains exhibited significantly higher growth rates and contents of crude protein under low salinity treatments, irrespective of where they came from (i.e. euhaline or mesohaline environments). However, effects on pigments and phenolic contents were strain-specific. Ulva lancinulata showed high resilience to salinity changes. Cultivating Ulva under low salinity conditions enhances its nutritional attributes and identifies the broader Baltic Sea as a viable cultivation environment. Nevertheless, careful selection of strains is crucial due to significant inter- and intraspecific differences. This research underscores the importance of tailored cultivation strategies for optimizing Ulva biomass production, particularly in the context of the expanding Blue Economy industry.
Experimental study on thermal cycling of nano-silver and nano-silver coated tin flip solder joints
Authors: Yang Hui , Chen Mincong
Published: January 2025

In this paper, nano-silver and nano-silver coated tin solder joints with hot pressing bonding conditions of 250 °C, 2 min and 15 MPa were selected to study the shear strength of solder joints and their service reliability under hot cycling conditions. The main conclusions are as follows: The addition of nano-tin plays a dispersion strengthening role, which increases the shear strength of nano-silver solder joint from 40 MPa to 50 MPa. After thermal cycling, the main failure mode of the nano-silver-coated tin solder joints is ductile fracture. The main failure mode of the nano-silver solder joints is brittle fracture, firstly, the delamination appears at the interface, and then the crack passes through the outer side of the solder joints, showing cleavage fracture of the grain. The thermal fatigue life of the nano-silver solder joint is 145 cycles, and the thermal fatigue life of the nano-silver-coated tin solder joint is 175 cycles.
Bandwidth enhancement of resonating absorber using a lossy dielectric layer for RCS reduction in X-band
Authors: Palaniappan Inbavalli V. , Rajamanickam SureshKumar T. , Ponnuvel Sakthivel V. , Chakrapani Venkatesh
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a resonating absorber is proposed for radar cross section reduction in the X-band, with the inclusion of a high loss dielectric layer. The absorber consists of a pair of co-centered resonating Jerusalem cross printed on a FR4 substrate cascaded with a high-loss dielectric layer and a metallic back plane. The designed absorber offers 90 % absorption from 7.8–12 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 42.42 %. The designed absorber is 0.106λ

L
thick with a compact square unit cell of size 0.076λ

L
(wavelength at the lowest frequency). An equivalent circuit model is developed to analyze the proposed absorber. The absorber is angularly stable for varying angle of incidences up to 40°–60° for TE and TM polarizations respectively. The planar as well as the conformal structure of the proposed absorber offer a minimum 10 dB radar cross section reduction in the X-band. The conventional approach which involves complex fabrication process of soldering thousands of lumped resistors to increase the bandwidth, whereas the proposed absorber is realized to offer wide absorption using simple PCB etching technique. To validate the design prototype is fabricated and the measurement is carried out.
A preclinical study on effect of betanin on sodium fluoride induced hepatorenal toxicity in wistar rats
Authors: Castelino Darrel , Parida Amrita , Chogtu Magazine Bharti , Fathima Aqsa , KG Mohandas Rao
Published: January 2025

Background

Excessive fluoride exposure leads to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, causing harmful effects on the metabolic organs in the human body. Betanin, a pigment obtained from beetroot, is seen to have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The study was conducted to determine the role of betanin in fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity in Wistar rats.

Methods

Twenty four rats were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ (control) rats received 1 mL distilled water; group Ⅱ rats were administered 10 mg/kg of sodium fluoride (NaF); group Ⅲ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 50 mg/kg (low dose) betanin; group Ⅳ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 200 mg/kg (high dose) betanin. Animals were dosed orally for 90 days. Various markers of liver and kidney function as well as oxidative stress were measured. Liver and kidney samples were examined for histopathology.

Results

Animals in group Ⅱ had significantly increased levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen compared to the NaF + betanin treated animals (group Ⅲ & Ⅳ). Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide levels were significantly lower in rats treated with NaF + betanin (low & high dose). Histologically, in group II rats, signs of interstitial nephritis were seen in the kidneys while liver sections showed clear indication of features of fatty liver and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatment with betanin alleviated the severity of histopathological changes induced by NaF.

Conclusions

Betanin significantly ameliorated NaF-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, therefore, has potential to be used as protective agent against fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity.
Universal transient radiation dynamics by abrupt and soft temporal transitions in optical waveguides
Authors: Shlivinski Amir , Hadad Yakir
Published: January 2025

When an excited electromagnetically open optical waveguide goes through a temporal transition of its material properties, it radiates to the ambient surroundings. In this paper, we explore this radiation and reveal, using asymptotic evaluation of path integral in the complex frequency (Laplace) plane, a peculiar space-time dependence of its frequency. Specifically, we derive an asymptotically exact formula (Eq. (11)) for the instantaneous radiation frequency, which exhibits a chirp behavior with respect to time. This simple formula depends on the ambient properties and on the longitudinal wavenumber β of the guided mode before the temporal transition but not on the specific waveguide structure or materials. In addition, we derive a t
−3/2 decay rate of the radiative field amplitude on time. We verify our analytic results using full-wave simulations of a dispersive and lossy indium tin oxide waveguide that undergoes smooth temporal long transitions over up to ∼200 cycles at the initially guided mode frequency. Thus, these theoretical findings offer valuable insights into the behavior of general optical waveguides experiencing temporal transitions and provide a powerful tool for analyzing and designing such THz and optical setups, with potential use in sensing and imaging.
Influence of palm oil ash and palm oil clinker on the properties of lightweight concrete
Authors: Bayagoob Khaled H. , Zeyad Abdullah M. , Amin Mohamed , Agwa Ibrahim Saad , Abd-Elrahman Mahmoud H.
Published: January 2025

The main purpose of this research is to examine the performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) that contains palm oil clinker (POC) as a replacement for aggregate by either 50 or 100% of volume. Also, the use of palm oil ash (POA) and silica fume (SF) as a 10 and 20% weight replacement for cement, respectively, was examined. This research involved designing 20 mixtures. The performance of the fresh mixed LWC was assessed using a slump test. A variety of experiments were used to assess the performance of hardened concrete, including a dry density test, a compressive strength (CS) test, a split tensile strength test, a flexural strength test, and a modulus of elasticity test. In addition, the performance of concrete exposed to high temperatures on CS is evaluated. The transport properties were evaluated by applying tests including water permeability, chloride permeability, and water absorption. Finally, microstructure analysis was performed. The findings revealed that employing cementitious materials, such as SF and POA, as cement replacements or POC as an aggregate substitute reduced workability. The usage of POC as an alternative to aggregate also reduced CS. The mixture containing 100% POC showed the highest reduction, with a rate of 52% lower than the reference mixture. Furthermore, the applied temperature increased to 600°C, resulting in a significant decrease in CS, ranging from 34.6 to 42.6%.
Effectiveness of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation vs heart rate variability biofeedback interventions for chronic pain conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Pellow Katie , Harrison Jackie , Tucker Paul , Harper Brent
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Autonomic regulation has been identified as a potential regulator of pain via vagal nerve mediation, assessed through heart rate variability (HRV). Non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) and heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) have been proposed to modulate pain. A limited number of studies compare nVNS and HRVB in persons with chronic pain conditions. This systematic review compared interventions of nVNS and HRVB in adults with long-standing pain conditions.

Methods

PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library were used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials for this review between the years 2010 and 2023. Search terms included chronic pain, fibromyalgia, headache, migraine, vagus nerve stimulation, biofeedback, HRV, pain assessment, pain, and transcutaneous.

Results

Ten full-text articles of 1,474 identified were selected for full qualitative synthesis, with a combined population of 813 subjects. There were n = 763 subjects in studies of nVNS and n = 50 subjects for HRVB. Six of the nine nVNS studies looked at headache disorders and migraines (n = 603), with two investigating effects on fibromyalgia symptoms (n = 138) and one the effects on chronic low back pain (n = 22). Of the nVNS studies, three demonstrated significant results in episode frequency, six in pain intensity (PI) reduction, and three in reduced medication use. The HRVB study showed statistically significant findings for reduced PI, depression scores, and increased HRV coherence.

Conclusion

Moderate to high-quality evidence suggests that nVNS is beneficial in reducing headache frequency and is well-tolerated, indicating it might be an alternative intervention to medication. HRVB interventions are beneficial in reducing pain, depression scores, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and in increasing HRV coherence ratio. HRVB and nVNS appear to show clinical benefits for chronic pain conditions; however, insufficient literature exists to support either approach.
Kakve veze imaju Brezovljani s Butmirom?
Authors: Težak-Gregl Tihomila
Published: January 2025

Otkriće nekoliko ulomaka keramičkih posuda s karakterističnim stilskim obilježjima butmirske kulture na lokalitetu Brezovljani, nedaleko od Križevaca, koji se kulturno pripisuje protolenđelskom horizontu, potaknulo je ponovna promišljanja o odnosima dviju pojava: lenđelske i butmirske. Tim prije jer je i na lokalitetu Becsehely u južnom dijelu mađarske Transdanubije, koji uglavnom pripada lenđelskomu kulturnom krugu, uočena slična situacija prisutnosti butmirske keramike.
Pregnancy, Maternal Health and Poverty in Indigenous Women
Authors: Yusuf Abeer , Butt Alysha
Published: January 2025

N/A
Pitfalls of the Industrialization of Selected Regions of Central Slovakia in the First Four Decades of the 20th Century
Authors: Mičko Peter , Mičková Zuzana
Published: January 2025

The industrialization of an initially rural country is an important phenomenon and can answer the question of the region’s economic development in a given period. Industrialization is a factor that affects the entire socio-economic character of the country, such as the construction of cities and transport, and it can also affect agricultural production. All these factors have a retroactive effect on industrial development. Within the economic field, agriculture has traditionally been dominant in the Slovak territory. The mentioned factor started to change in the last third of the 19th century, when representatives in the Kingdom of Hungary tried to develop the industrialization of the originally rural country. Naturally, the process of increased industrialization affected the territory of present-day Slovakia as well.
Successful treatment of intravenous immunoglobulin for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) associated with COVID-19 infection and vaccination: case reports
Authors: Desy Wulandari  , Ricky Pebriansyah  , Azwin Mengindra Putera Lubis  , Zahrah Hikmah  , Anang Endaryanto
Published: January 2025

Background: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are rare but potentially life-threatening disorder. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of COVID-19 disease with various clinical manifestations. Two cases of TEN were reported in pediatric patients. The causal relationship between COVID-19 infection and vaccination against TEN has not been fully understood.
Case presentation: This study reports a case of a child with COVID-19 who was admitted to a pediatric hospital ward with TEN which occupies > 30% of total body surface area, and one case that suffered from TEN due to COVID-19 vaccination. All patients received IVIG 0.5 g / kg / day for 3 consecutive days.
Conclusion: The child was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin with a good outcome and clinical improvement.
Brazilian propolis wax as an anti-type-IV-hypersensitivity agent in metal bracket orthodontic treatment
Authors: Grahita Aditya  , Oedijani Santoso  , Lisyani Budipradigdo Suromo
Published: January 2025

Background: Nickel (Ni2+) allergy on the mucosa and gingiva is frequently found in patients with fixed metal orthodontic treatment as the manifestation of type-IV hypersensitivity reactions.
Method: This study aims to observe the effect of Brazilian propolis wax on salivary Ni2+ ion levels and blood serum IFN-γ and IL-10 levels during fixed metal bracket orthodontic treatment. A total of 34 New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups. Before the treatment, Ni2+sensitization was done using a 125 μL NiCl2 injection. Metal brackets were placed on the four anterior teeth for 28 days. Saliva was carried out for Ni2+ ion level analysis by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and ELISA measured peripheral blood serum for IFN-γ and IL-10 level analysis.
Result: Ni2+ ion release in the control group showed a higher expression than in the wax and propolis-wax groups. IFN-γ expression level is reduced in the wax and propolis-wax group than in the control group. Moreover, a significantly different IL-10 expression was also observed in the wax and propolis-wax groups.
Conclusion: The combination of propolis into wax orthodontic inhibits Ni2+ ion release by promoting anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression.
Calming effect of Javanese Handwriting Calligraphy, preliminary study based on neuroaesthetics
Authors: Arman Yurisaldi Saleh  , Miky Miky Endro Santoso  , Murwantara Wawan , Yulianti Retno , Prabowo Imam
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Javanese Handwriting Calligraphy (JHC) is taught at the elementary & junior high school level on Java island in Indonesia. Calligraphy is part of Javanese culture and language. The number of Javanese speakers worldwide is 85 million (speakers of the 11th language worldwide). The study was conducted using elements of art and visuospatial aspects in Javanese calligraphy, not far from Chinese calligraphy, which has been proven to affect neuropsychiatric therapy. This research is a preliminary study aimed at proving JHC calming effect.
Method: Thirty elementary school students who are already proficient in writing JHC and willing to participate in the study voluntarily in placed in a quiet room, then the pulse rate was measured before and after writing calligraphy Latin letters. Next, rest for 15 minutes and measure the pulse before and after writing JHC.
Results: There is no difference in heart rate before the intervention in writing Latin and Javanese letters (p = 0.382). There is a difference in heart rate after the intervention of Latin and Javanese letters (p = 0.006). There is no difference in the value before and after the Latin letter intervention (p = 0.651). There is a difference between before and after the intervention of writing Javanese letters (p = 0.018).
Conclusion: JHC can be considered as a way of calming down. More research on different age groups and more robust designs is needed (cross-over).
Inflammation in obesity: a review
Authors: Saturti Tjokorda Istri Anom
Published: January 2025

Obesity is a health problem that has become globally significant in recent decades. Obesity is often associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. This review aims to describe the relationship of inflammation in obesity. The method used is descriptive qualitative by conducting a literature review related to inflammation and obesity. The study's results indicate that inflammation is related to obesity and has an important role. Inflammation is a manifestation of increased oxidative stress. This usually occurs in individuals who are obese.
Meningitis incidence in cranial base fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Artha Komang Sena Adistira , Wahyuhadi Joni , Arifin Muhammad , Apriawan Tedy , Lestari Pudji , Subagio Eko Agus , Kusumastuti Kurnia
Published: January 2025

Background: Cranial base fractures are primary brain injuries with high importance in neurotrauma. They occur in 3.5 - 24% of head injuries and are often related to brain injury. Based on location, cranial base fractures occur 70% in the anterior fossa, 20% in the middle central cranial base and 5% in the middle and posterior fossa. The dura mater at the cranial base is significantly thinner than the dome area and easier to cause meningitis when torn due to CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid) leak. Post-traumatic meningitis refers to the meningeal infection caused by craniocerebral trauma. Therefore, we decided to analyze meningitis as a complication of CSF leakage in cranial base fracture.
 
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane and Google scholar. Articles were systematically selected based on the PRISMA protocol and reviewed completely. The articles that met the criteria were summarized and analyzed. The primary outcome measured was CSF, leakage event and Cranial Base Fractures, while the secondary outcome was a meningitis event. This study hasn't been registered to PROSPERO.
 
Result: There were 15 literatures included in this research. From quantitative analysis, we found that the Risk Ratio (RR) for meningitis incidence in the CSF leakage group was 16.18 (95% CI 1.31 to 199.85). RR for meningitis incidence in the anterior cranial base fracture group was 2.59 (95% CI 1.64 to 4.09). In the antibiotic prophylaxis group, the RR for meningitis incidence was 0.67 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.90). CSF leakage incidence had an RR of 1.39 (95% CI 0.90 to 2.16) in the anterior cranial base fracture group. While RR for meningitis incidence in the surgical management of the CSF leakage group was 1.77 (95% CI 0.87 to 3.61)
 
Conclusion: There was a significant risk of post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures with CSF leakage compared to those without CSF leakage. Patients with anterior fossa cranial base fractures had a significantly higher risk of post-traumatic meningitis than the posterior fossa. There is a significant risk reduction of developing post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures who were given prophylactic antibiotics compared to those without prophylactic antibiotics. In contrast, CSF leak risk was higher in patients with anterior fossa cranial base fractures compared to the posterior fossa, but not statistically significant. The risk of post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures who underwent surgical treatment was higher than in the conservative group.
Robusta BP-42 coffee bean extract is a new anti-tyrosinase candidate to reduce melanogenesis activity
Authors: Elfiah Ulfa , David Sontani Perdanakusuma  , Iswinarno Doso Saputro  , Misnawi
Published: January 2025

Background: Skin graft is one of the best options for wound closure. This method is the gold standard for skin burns and large open wounds. Coffee, or Robusta coffes (BP-2) is believed to reduce the level of hyperpigmentation due to chlorogenic acid, a major polyphenolic found in coffee with anti-tyrosinase activity. However, the anti-tyrosinase activity of BP-42 coffee extract is unknown. This study aims to measure the chlorogenic acid content of BP-42 coffee bean extract and its anti-tyrosinase activity.
Methods: BP-42 coffee beans were extracted using ethanol by maceration technique. Then, the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) profile of the BP-42 coffee bean extract was made to determine the chlorogenic acid content. At the same time, its anti-tyrosinase activity was performed using the spectrophotometric method. The chlorogenic acid's content was determined using the TLC-densitometric method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for Windows.
Results: BP-42 coffee bean extract had chlorogenic acid concentrations at 12.452 mg/g extract. As expected, the extract exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity with IC50 at 312.213 ppm, while kojic acid showed higher bioactivity (IC50 = 30.696 ppm).
Conclusion: BP-42 coffee bean extract showed a notable anti-tyrosinase activity, promising to be used as the natural anti-pigmentation candidate.
Research map in the field of psychoneuroimmunology therapy, a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Arman Yurisaldi Saleh  , Miky Endro Santoso
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Psychoneuroimmunology is an exciting field to study because of its essential role in a person's life quality. Therapy in psychoneuroimmunology is multidisciplinary to treat stress, insomnia, depression, schizophrenia, infections, neoplasms, autoimmune, metabolic, and cognitive disorders. Treatment has been used in the form of Tai-chi, Qi-gong, C.B.T., mindfulness meditation, hypnosis, and others, with therapeutic results that have not yet reached the optimal, so there seems to be much effort to find new therapies with more satisfying results. Until now, as far as we know, no bibliometric study has been related to treatment in the field of psychoneuroimmunology. So, this bibliometric analysis is aimed at conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis to get a more detailed picture of the study related to treatment in the field of psychoneuroimmunology.
Methods: Documents were collected from Scopus from 1946 to 2022. Furthermore, data purification was carried out. Using the Biblioshiny and VOSviewer applications, data are obtained, which are then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.
Results: Obtained data related to the author, the number of citations, journals containing research related to psychoneuroimmunology therapy, clusters based on keywords, and future research trend (spirituality therapy).
Conclusion: A detailed description of aspects of neuropsychological therapy has been obtained in the form of areas that have been widely studied, which are still under-researched, as well as new therapeutic trends for the future in the form of an emerging area (niche) in psychoneuroimmunology therapy, namely spirituality therapy.
Application for COVID-19 severity diagnosis and asynchronous telehealth: development and prototype of G-COV
Authors: Yanti Budi , Ramadhani Adinda Zahra Ayufi , Muhamad Zarfan Fawwaz , Rahmad  , Yafi Al
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affects every part of our lives. Delays in COVID-19 identification, diagnosis, and treatment will result in higher morbidity and mortality rates due to the recent lack of public knowledge. An integrated system of health services like telemedicine can be a tactical way to enhance COVID-19 results, diagnosis, and medication.
Method: G-COV is a tool to assess the severity of COVID-19 based on 800 chest X-rays from Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital in Banda Aceh that had previously undergone the Visual Geometry G (VGG16) with CNN algorithm. Three sensors will be implanted on the patient to monitor vital signs and connect to the ESP 8266 to display sensor data in real-time. The ESP platform and Visual Studio Code are used to create the program system. An app called G-COV is integrated with other apps on mobile devices. Additionally, the application will show the COVID-19 diagnostic and therapy guide in real-time on Firebase. The prototype calibration was carried out on 20 COVID-19 patients.
Result: According to the experimental findings, the device has a 92.45% accuracy rate when measuring temperature, pulse, and oxygen saturation—the benchmarks for determining the severity of COVID-19. With 95% accurate diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 detection results, the calibration data demonstrate good tool performance.
Conclusion: Every Individual can use G COV to easily acquire treatment recommendations by detecting COVID-19. Before G COV is made available to the public, we will assess its usability during development.
Effectiveness of vaseline ointment ethanol extract of moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera) on incision wound healing
Authors: Damayanti Kadek Dita , Sumardika I Wayan , Mahendra Agung Nova , Indrayani Agung Wiwiek
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Wounds are damage or loss of connections between body tissues such as skin tissue which can lead to infection. Wound healing is a complex process because it goes through the phases of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) in healing cuts by observing erythema, edema and the presence or absence of new tissue that appears for 7 days.
Methods: This study was purely experimental, using 30 male white mices (Mus Musculus) which were divided into 5 treatment groups, namely control groups of vaseline (K-), gentamicin (K+), and 3 treatment groups of Moringa leaf extract ointment with a concentration of 6% (PI), 8% (PII) and 10% (PIII).
Results: The results showed that the withdrawal of the number of mice with erythema was faster in the 10% (PIII) and 8% (PII) groups. The results of the Mann Whitney test on granulation tissue showed that the 8% (PII) and positive control groups, and the 10% (PIII) and positive control groups had no significant difference with the same p value, namely p = 0.513 (p > 0.05) The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test on the most significant edema on day 3 with p = 0.001 (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the higher the concentration of vaseline ointment of the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (Moringa oleifera) was found to have better effectiveness in accelerating wound healing, especially at concentrations of 8% and 10%.
Role of liver damage on glucose metabolism in a lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse model
Authors: Hotimah Masdan Salim  , Evi Sylvia Awwalia  , Sobihatus Syifak  , Danny Irawan  , Ilham Putera Alam
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The multi-organ damage brought on by sepsis' bacterial infection process makes it a significant cause of death in hospitals. The inflammatory process is triggered by LPS, which is produced by bacterial infection. LPS protects against liver damage, however its exact mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this investigation is to quantify the extent of liver damage and insulin receptor expression in LPS-induced animal models.
Methods: Eight-week-old male mice were separated into three groups: control group (Group 1), LPS injection group (10 mg/Kg body weight for 4 hours), and LPS injection group (10mg/Kg body weight for 8 hours). Blood sugar and weight are measured as part of the examination of metabolism. To check for liver damage, histology was done.
Results: In comparison to the control group, long-term LPS injection significantly decreased body weight and blood sugar levels (P < 0.05). Based on the high liver damage score in groups 2 and 3 compared to the control group (P < 0.05), this LPS induction also caused harm to the liver's ability to operate.
Conclusion: As a consequence of our research, we may infer that LPS injection damages the liver and produces metabolic abnormalities that are characterized by weight loss and low blood glucose levels.
Identification of p75 and TrkB receptors role in the incidence of endometriosis and endometrioma tissue invasion onto chorioallantoic membrane
Authors: Dewanto Agung , Rahmana Muhammad Dimas Reza , Arumsari Regina , Khasanah Nurida , Nugraha Wicesa , Trizia Vanessa , Anshori Khoiruddin
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstact: https://youtu.be/noF1KQ1W7Sk
 
Background: The tropomyosin kinase receptor B (TrkB) and p75 receptors may play a role in the formation of deep endometriosis and are related to the more intense pain in deep nodular endometriosis.  Neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulate the survival, growth, and programmed cell death of neurons. This study aimed to explore the expression of BDNF and its receptors in endometriosis and endometrioma tissue invasion implanted in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken eggs.
Methods: Peritoneal endometriosis lesion, endometrioma, and eutopic endometrium were  taken from 27 women who underwent hysteroscopy/laparoscopy and analyzed with 15 tissue samples in each group. The age of the patients ranged from 22-45 years old. Samples were transplanted into CAM of fertile chicken eggs for five days then harvested, and histological preparations were made using the paraffin method. IHC staining was performed on p75, Ki67, TrkB, and BDNF stains. Invasion analysis and IHC evaluation was performed with a semi quantitative method. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 25.0.
Result: Normal endometrium expressed the highest expression of BDNF than peritoneal endometriosis and endometrioma. The endometrioma expressed the highest expression of TrkB than other tissues. The P75 expression correlated positively with Ki67 expression in peritoneum and endometrioma samples (p = 0.012; p = 0.008).
Conclusion: The p75 receptor may have a role in endometriosis tissue proliferation, but this receptor does not play a direct role in the process of tissue invasion into CAM. While proliferation in endometriomas is positively correlated with invasion into CAM, it is not correlated with peritoneal endometriosis.
Comparison of generation time between Escherichia coli non- extended spectrum beta-lactamase (non-ESBL) and ESBL on ciprofloxacin and tetracycline induction: Experimental research
Authors: Mulyawan Budi , Widodo Agung Dwi Wahyu , Endraswari Pepy Dwi
Published: January 2025

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the leading cause of sepsis in the world, a country with low-middle income and the fourth largest population globally. First-generation antibiotics are still common, especially fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines, which often experience resistance in E. coli. This study aimed to analyze comparison of generation time of E. coli on ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.
Methods: This study was experimental with a posttest-only control group design. The subjects of this study were E. coli non-extended spectrum beta-lactamase (non-ESBL) and ESBL, which have ciprofloxacin of 0.25 µg/mL and tetracycline of 4 µg/mL exposed. Colony counting was performed every hour for twelve hours. The statistical test used was the independent t-test with p <0.05.
Result: E. coli non-ESBL on ciprofloxacin induction showed a generation time of 52.76 min and tetracycline of 53.66 min. However, E ESBL on ciprofloxacin induction showed a generation time of 53.96 min and tetracycline of 55.40 min. The comparison of E. coli non-ESBL exposed to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline showed no significant difference (t = 1.364; 95% CI = -0.565 – 2.352; p = 0.202) and E. coli ESBL also (t = 1.469; CI 95% = -0.748 – 3.645; p = 0.173).
Conclusion: No significant comparison exists between generation time in E. coli non-ESBL and ESBL on ciprofloxacin and tetracycline induction.
Temporal and severity correlation of COVID-19 with Dermatovenereological disease at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Yulianggoro Erik Rizka , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Murtiastutik Dwi , Alinda Medhi Denisa , Utomo Budi
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/aT7v85UGnRk
 
Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 with various symptoms, including skin manifestations reported in patients with confirmed cases. There were several studies about the relationship between the onset of dermatovenereological manifestation and the severity of COVID-19 with dermatovenerological manifesting itself. However, there was not much research compared with dermatovenerological disease. This study aims to describe the pattern of dermatovenereological disease related to COVID-19 and find out the temporal correlation and severity of COVID-19.
Method: This study is an analytic retrospective study using consecutive sampling. The data was taken from the medical records of COVID-19 patients at the RIK RSUD Dr. Soetomo in 2021. Twenty-five patient medical records have been selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data were then analyzed using the Chi-Square test in SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: From 2907 patients, dermatovenereological diseases were found in 0.86% of COVID-19 patients. The most common onset of dermatovenereological disease was before the diagnosis of COVID-19 (65.7%); the results of this study showed that there was no relationship between dermatovenereological disease and the onset of skin symptoms (p>0.05). There was a relationship between dermatovenereological disease pemphigus foliaceus and varicella and the severity of COVID-19 medium(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Various dermatovenereological diseases can follow the symptoms of COVID-19 and may precede systemic symptoms. Most studies failed to report any correlation between the onset and severity of COVID-19 and dermatovenereological disease. Understanding and classifying dermatovenereological disease in COVID-19 patients is crucial.
Development of Scoliocorrector Fatma-UI to aid correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Indonesia
Authors: Phedy Phedy , Hadisoebroto Dilogo Ismail , Indriatmi Wresti , Supriadi Sugeng , Prasetyo Marcel , Octaviana Fitri , Noor Zairin
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/xo5kqpbouJA
 
Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spine deformity and many techniques have been conducted to correct scoliosis. This study aims to develop a set of tools named Scoliocorrector Fatma-UI to aid in the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, to evaluate them in finite element analysis and biomechanical test, as well as to apply them in a real patient.
Methods: Needs, principles, and ways to achieve the needs of an ideal corrector of scoliosis were listed, and a design was developed. Finite element analysis was performed with static structural, no separation contact, automatic mesh, and a force of 800 N. The design was modified until it passed the finite element test, and the prototype was fabricated. The prototype was biomechanically tested using a universal testing machine. The modulus of elasticity of the tools was recorded. The pull was continued until the point of failure, and the response was recorded. After ethical clearance, the tools were applied to a 15-year-old girl with Lenke 1a- adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Postoperatively, we measured the radiological profile (coronal, sagittal, and rotational) and neurological profile (motor-evoked potential, somatosensory evoked potential, and postoperative motor power).
Results: The correction tools consist of pulleys, wires, correction screws, correction houses, and pulling boards. In finite element analysis, the highest number of nodes and elements were found in the correction board, while the highest stress was in the wire. In biomechanical analysis, we found that the modulus elasticity of the correction tool is 95 613.24 ± 6 332.77 MPa. The failure point occurred at 800 Nm, at which point the wire was slowly detached from the correction screw. In clinical application, we found that the coronal and sagittal angles improved from 53 to 1 degree and 19 to 26 degrees. Axial rotation enhanced from 10 to 4 degrees. Motor-evoked and somatosensory-evoked potential were similar to baselines, and postoperative motor function was normal.
Conclusion: We have developed a set of correction tools that have been evaluated in finite element and biomechanical analysis and clinically applied to an actual patient.
Exploring through the difficulties: Fiber optic laryngoscope in ameloblastoma patient
Authors: Hardjo Hartman Intiarto , Abbas Kun Arifi
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbKM6_lTk3k
 
Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing but locally aggressive benign tumor in the jaw, commonly presenting with painless swelling. This study focuses on a case of a 57-year-old male with a massive ameloblastoma who underwent local excision and reconstruction surgery with nasal awake fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) intubation.
Case Presentation: The patient's pre-operative assessment included an evaluation of comorbidities, anesthetic considerations, and an awake FOL strategy. Awake intubation was chosen due to the patient's facial deformity and large mass, which hindered face mask ventilation and supraglottic airway use. Nasal intubation was performed with non-kinking endotracheal tube (ETT) and topical anesthesia. Post-operative care and extubation were carefully managed. The surgery, lasting 9.5 hours, included a right hemimandibulectomy and reconstruction using a reconstruction plate. Patient vitals remained stable during the procedure. The patient was successfully extubated, and post-operatively, they were mobilized to the recovery room. The patient's respiratory and hemodynamic parameters were within the acceptable range, and they were fully awake following the surgery.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates the successful management of a patient with a large ameloblastoma using awake nasal fiber optic laryngoscopy for intubation. Airway evaluation and choice of intubation method play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and success of the procedure in patients with difficult airways, especially when faced with tumors and potential complications.
Incidence of facial nerve injury after open reduction procedure in patients with mandibular condyle fractures: comparison between classical and modified transparotid techniques
Authors: Luciana Luciana , Wibowo Marjono Dwi , Susilo Dwi Hari
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/mreRemFr6NQ
 
Background: The most frequent complication of open reduction surgery for condylar bone fractures is injury to the facial nerve branch which most often occurs in open reduction procedures using a transparotid approach using classic or modified techniques. The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of facial nerve injury after open reduction using the transparotid approach and modified transparotid approach in patients with mandibular condyle fractures at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Methods: This is a retrospective-observational cohort descriptive study conducted on 31 patients with mandibular condyle fractures obtained from visit data from the Surgical Emergency Department at Dr.  Soetomo Hospital Surabaya during January 2021 to August 2023 using secondary data in the form of medical records.
Results: The research subjects consisted of 24 men (77.4%) and 7 women (22.6%) with an age distribution ranging from under the 3rd decade to the 6th decade with the highest number under the 3rd decade as much as 48.4%. Based on the location of the condyle fracture, in this study it was found that 16 samples (51.6%) were at the base condyle, 12 samples (38.7%) were at the neck condyle, and 3 samples (9.7%) were in the head condyle. Then as many as 25 samples (80.6%) of mandibular condyle fractures occurred on one side, and as many as 6 samples (19.4%) occurred on two sides. In this study, there was an insignificant difference between the two techniques studied regarding the duration of surgery (p=0.540) and length of treatment (p=0.628) as well as a significant difference between the two techniques studied, where in the modified technique, the tendency for nerve injury to occur was smaller when compared with classical techniques (p<0.05)
Conclusion: The incidence of facial nerve injury was found to be lower in the modified transparotid technique than in the transparotid technique. The modified transparotid technique can be considered for use in patients with mandibular condyle fractures, both at the base condylar, neck condylar, and at the head condylar, because it is considered safe, easy, and has a low risk of facial nerve injury compared to the transparotid technique.