bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The removal of neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid in an annular photoreactor
Authors: Babić Kristina , Tomašić Vesna , Grčić Ivana , Duplančić Marina , Gomzi Zoran
Published: December 2020

Heterogeneous photocatalysis has recently
attracted an increasing interest of scientists and experts who deal with the
waste water and air treatment. An important area of application is removal of
persistent organic pollutants, which can not be easily destroyed by
conventional methods. Among these pollutants are neonicotinoid insecticides,
which are widely used all over the world and currently are included in the
watch list of substances of the European Commission within the Water Framework
Directive. Therefore, there is a need to study their influence on the
environment and to develop appropriate technologies for their removal. In this
work, the photolytic and photocatalytic degradation of neonicotinoid
insecticide imidacloprid in an annular photoreactor with recirculation under
different working conditions (irradiation source, pH, type and concentration of
the catalyst) was studied. The photolytic degradation was examined using lamps
that emit UVA, UVC and simulated sun light. The photocatalytic experiments in
the suspension involved the use of commercial titanium dioxide (TiO2
P25, Degussa/Evonik), commercial TiO2 P25 pre-treated with UVC
irradiation prior to use in the catalytic system and nitrogen-doped TiO2 (CCR 200 N produced by Cinkarna
Celje). The catalysts were characterized using XRD, UV/Vis-DRS and BET
analysis. The most efficient photocatalyst was then immobilized on the glass
woving fibre, using peroxotitanic acid (produced by Cinkarna Celje) as a
binder. The degree of degradation of imidacloprid was determined using high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). According to the obtained results,
UVC-treated TiO2 showed the best efficiency among the examined
catalysts in the slurry reactor while using lamp that simulates the sun
irradiation. The imidacloprid degradation rate increases with the increase in
the catalyst concentration. The immobilized UVC-treated catalyst gave
satisfying results in terms of stability, activity and reuse.
Removal of pollutants from abattoir wastewater using a pilot-scale bamboo constructed wetland system
Authors: Nkeshita Fidelis C. , Adekunle A. A. , Onaneye R. B. , Yusuf O.
Published: December 2020

Wastewater from
abattoir sources in urban areas can adversely affect the environment and cause
health problems. This research investigated the ability of a bamboo constructed
wetland system (BCWS) using Bambusa vulgaris, to treat wastewater from abattoir
by removing nutrients and organics. This study adopted pilot scale reactors
with bed dimension of 1 m length x 1 m width x 1 m depth to simulate a
horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland and planted with six strands of
bamboo plants. Parameters analyzed include the nutrients (in the form of
phosphate and nitrate) and the organics (in the form of Chemical oxygen demand,
COD and Biochemical oxygen demand, BOD). The effluent analysis that were
carried out within a 28-day retention period showed that there was a very good
decrease in the nutrient pollutant parameters; phosphate (99.6 %), nitrate
(98.5 %). The organics showed a lesser performance with a 39.3 % removal
efficiency for COD and 49.9 % removal efficiency for BOD. Bamboo can be used in a BCWS for low cost
green technology in urban areas and can be improved upon by increasing the
number of bamboo shoot in order to have a larger root system.
Removal methods for invasive species Amorpha fruticosa – example of Odransko polje
Authors: Lončar Goran , Hršak Vladimir , Kerovec Maja , Dekanić Stjepan , Vranješ Domagoj
Published: December 2020

Amorpha
fruticosa is an invasive plant species that occurs in wide range of habitat
types, including lowland floodplains. It grows very dense and changes the composition
of communities by suppressing indigenous species, resulting in significantly
reduced variety of flora in the area. In Odransko polje Amorpha fruticosa is
widely spread. One of the tasks of Appropriate assessment of project
"Flood protection system of Sisak area" was to determine the
locations where material for embankment construction should be taken. The
locations should be acceptable both from the aspect of nature protection and
from the economic point of view (proximity to embankment due to lowering
material transport costs, locations which are not private property, etc.). The
locations where A. fruticosa is dominant plant were suggested for excavation.
This paper will give overview of removal and disposal methods for this invasive
species, which reduce the possibility of its spreading and re-appearing. Also,
positive impacts of using proposed locations for material excavation will be
shown – decrease in A. fruticosa abundance, increase of habitat diversity,
increase in the presence of target habitats and target species habitats etc.
Additionally, good practices for selection of excavation sites will be given,
including guidelines for their sanation and landscape design.
Community-acquired pneumonia: similarities and differences between European and American guidelines – A narrative review –
Authors: Barberán José , Restrepo Rubén , Cardinal-Fernández Pablo ,   Internal Medicine Department, HM Monteprincipe University Hospital. Madrid, Spain,   Intensive Care Unit. HM Sanchinarro University Hospital. Madrid, Spain
Published: December 2020

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is severe disease. Early prescription of an adequate treatment has a positive impact in the CAP outcome. Despite the evidence of existing relevant differences between CAP across geographical areas, general guidelines can be designed to be applied everywhere. Eight years have passed between the publication of the European (EG) and American (AG) CAP guidelines, thus the aim of this narrative review is to compare both guidelines and summarize their recommendations. The main similarity between both guidelines is the antibiotics recommendation with the exception that AG mention new antimicrobials that were not available at the time of EG publication. Both guidelines recommend against routinely adding steroids as an adjuvant treatment. Finally, both guidelines acknowledge that the decision to hospitalize a patient is clinical and should be complemented with an objective tool for risk assessment. EG recommend the CRB-65 while AG recommend the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI). EG and AG share a similar core of recommendations and only differ in minor issues such as new antibiotics. Likewise, both guidelines recommend against the routine prescription of steroids as an adjuvant therapy.
Investigation of automatic driving of a mobile wide span agricultural vehicle in the wake of a constant technology track
Authors: Bulgakov V. M. , Kuvachov V. P. , Holovach I. V. , Ihnatiev Ye.I.
Published: December 2020

Annotation Purpose. Determination of regularities of influence of parameters of bridge agricultural means and system of its automatic driving in the wake of a constant technological track on kinematics of its onboard (force) turn and development of the basic ways of development of automatic driving theory of specialized wide span agricultural means. Methods. Theoretical researches, synthesis of constructive schemes and parameters of the bridge agricultural means were carried out by modeling on the personal computer of conditions of its functioning. Bases of the theory of a tractor and theoretical mechanics with use of a Mathcad package are the basis for methods of research. Pilot studies of wide span agricultural means and implementation of the offered way of its automatic driving in the wake of a constant technology track with use of a laser beam were carried out in specially equipped laboratory. Results. For theoretical research of process of automatic driving of wide span agricultural means possible conditions of implementation of onboard (power) turn by it are considered. The equivalent scheme of forces and kinematics of onboard turn is constructed, on the basis of which the received analytical expressions which connect among themselves design, kinematic and power data of wide span agricultural means, at which perhaps effective implementation of onboard turn. It is also established that perspective and effective for automation of driving of wide span agricultural means in the wake of a constant technology track with purely onboard (power) method of its turn is uses of a laser beam as trajectory sensor. Thus the received analytical dependence for determination of accuracy of an arrangement of a laser emitter from the left and right side of a constant technology track depending on the set accuracy of giving of a laser beam. Keywords: track and bridge systems of agriculture, wide span agricultural means, driving automation, local positioning systems, theoretical and experimental researches, accuracy.
Performance validation and dynamic response analysis of a deepwater cable bending restrictor
Authors: Yongtian Kang , Wensheng Xiao , Dagang Zhang , Liang Zhang , Chouyao Zhou , Mingang Li
Published: December 2020

The deepwater cable bending restrictor is an important protective device for risers, umbilicals and cables in offshore engineering, protecting cable structure by controlling minimum bending radius. Its mechanical properties are analysed based on the numerical analysis model and finite
element analysis (FEM) of ø175. The sensitivity analysis of using quantity of bending restrictors is also performed to show the effect of the quantity on bending stiffness. A testing scheme of bending stiffness of the bending restrictor is then formulated based on its structure. From
numerical analysis results through test simulation, the tolerance is less than 3 %, which verifies the reliability of the numerical analysis model. Performance of the bending restrictor and dynamic response are analysed according to environmental parameters that occur once per 100 years from
offshore wind power farms and pipein-pipe models, respectively. The results show the bending restrictor can effectively protect cable structure, and the pipein-pipe model is suitable for calculating mechanical properties of interaction between the bending restrictor and cable.
Optimal design of buckling resistance for a large deepwater functional tank (DFT)
Authors: Yi Wang , Fangfang Zhang , Fan Xu
Published: December 2020

Buckling resistance is a major challenge in the design of a large deepwater functional tank (DFT), and internal stiffeners are commonly used to strengthen its shell. In the present paper, the influence of various stiffener parameters on the stability of the DFT was studied via the finite
element method. The strengthening scheme of the DFT was optimised by the orthogonal test method, by which the influence of various parameters on the shell mass, internal volume and stability of the structure was evaluated. The optimal buckling resistance scheme can be obtained using the comprehensive
balance method based on the orthogonal assessment results.
Extended Local Convergence for High Order Schemes Under ω-Continuity Conditions
Authors: Gus Argyros  , Michael Argyros  , Ioannis K. Argyros  , Santhosh George
Published: December 2020

There is a plethora of schemes of the same convergence order for generating a sequence approximating a solution of an equation involving Banach space operators. But the set of convergence criteria is not the same in general. This makes the comparison between them challenging and only numerically. Moreover, the convergence is established using Taylor series and by assuming the existence of high order derivatives that do not even appear on these schemes. Furthermore, no computable error estimates, uniqueness for the solution results or a ball of convergence is given. We address all these problems by using only the first derivative that actually appears on these schemes and under the same set of convergence conditions. Our technique is so general that it can be used to extend the applicability of other schemes along the same lines.
The Role of Hyperrealism in Painted Portraiture –Engaging Culture: Analysis of Portraiture by Eddy Ochieng
Authors: Wango Kamau
Published: December 2020

Portraiture remains one of the most fascinating genres of Art; it is engaging, intriguing and often, perhaps, a little controversial. Portraiture has been executed through the centuries in a variety of styles and media and for different purposes, from the ancient Egyptian cave paintings, through the medieval civilisations to the renaissance, new world, the great divide, modern era and ultimately to post-modernism pop art portraiture. One question that has always resurfaced in the interrogation of portraiture is what is the role of portraiture. There have also been incessant questions about the effectiveness or even need for some painting styles used in portraiture as well as other genres. Within contemporary Art, one of these styles that have often generated passionate arguments between those who love it and those who do not subscribe to it is hyperrealism. Detractors of hyperrealism, which started in the early 1970s, have consistently argued that by virtue of its reliance upon photography, what it seeks to portray is already achieved through photography and hence it is artistically ‘pointless’ since it serves no further visual purpose. Dwelling specifically on this artistic ‘pointlessness’, they have even questioned whether hyperrealism is Art or just a very refined and admirable show of skill. Proponents of hyperrealism, however, bask in the satisfaction that it retrieves all photographic cues from a digital image or a high-resolution photograph and converts or transforms these into a different realm of artistry and perfection by the placement of even more minute and meticulous details that would otherwise be invisible to the eye. This creativity culminates in an entirely new form, an ‘illusion of reality’ more artistically and visually engaging than the original photograph. The detractors, therefore, state that since hyperrealism is derived from photography as a reference base, then it is redundant as a style. In order to address this query, this paper examines the role of hyperrealism in modern portraiture as it is specifically applied to Kenyan portraiture executed by Eddie Ochieng’, an outstanding Kenyan hyperrealist, in order to determine its own ‘visual efficacy’ as a sub-genre. The portraiture itself, as featured in this paper, focuses on aspects of culture to explore the overall visual impact as a result of the application of hyperrealism.
Możliwości poprawy jakości owoców truskawki metodą hybrydyzacji wewnątrz- i międzygatunkowej w obrębie rodzaju Fragaria
Authors: Masny Agnieszka , Mieszczakowska-Frąc Monika
Published: December 2020

Prace badawcze nad poszerzaniem zmienności genetycznej u truskawki na świecie ukierunkowane są głównie na poprawę zewnętrznej i wewnętrznej jakości owoców. Celem podjętych w Instytucie Ogrodnictwa badań było określenie możliwości zwiększenia zawartości substancji bioaktywnych (przede wszystkim polifenoli, antocyjanów oraz kwasów organicznych) w owocach truskawki metodą hodowli konwencjonalnej. Na podstawie dwuletniej oceny fenotypowej spośród 6097 siewek, otrzymanych w wyniku krzyżowań wewnątrz- i międzygatunkowych w obrębie rodzaju Fragaria, wyselekcjonowano 90 wartościowych genotypów. W roku 2019 genotypy te oceniono pod względem plonu, masy, atrakcyjności i jędrności owoców, a także zawartości w owocach ekstraktu, związków fenolowych, antocyjanów i kwasu askorbinowego. Stwierdzono, że największe, najbardziej atrakcyjne i jędrne owoce wytworzyły klony T-201536-16 i T-201536-08 (‘Clery’ × ‘Grandarosa’), T-201514-04 i T-201514-05 (‘Candiss’ × ‘Panvik’) oraz T-201560-07 (‘Onda’ × ‘Panvik’). Największą zawartością ekstraktu odznaczały się owoce genotypów T-201536-16 i T-201536-09 (‘Clery’ × ‘Grandarosa’). Najwięcej związków fenolowych zawierały owoce klonów T-201501-02 (‘Alba’ × ‘Grandarosa’), T-201512-04 (‘Camarosa’ × ‘Panvik’) oraz T-201567-01 (‘Patty’ × ‘Panvik’), zaś antocyjanów - owoce klonów T-201514-08 (‘Candiss’ × ‘Panvik’), T-201508-01 (‘Alice’ × ‘Matis’), T-201517-05 (‘Chandler’ × ‘Matis’) oraz T-201580-01 (Fragaria chiloensis Del Norte × ‘Elsanta’). Najbardziej bogate w kwas askorbinowy były owoce klonów T-201526-05 (‘Cigaline’ × ‘Grandarosa’), T-201501-03 (‘Alba’ × ‘Grandarosa’), T-201536-15 (‘Clery’ × ‘Grandarosa’) oraz T-201567-01 (‘Patty’ × ‘Panvik’). Najwyższą łączną zawartością wszystkich analizowanych związków bioaktywnych w owocach odznaczały się klony T-201514-08 (‘Candiss’ × ‘Panvik’), T-201517-05 (‘Chandler’ × ‘Matis’) oraz T-201567-04 (‘Patty’ × ‘Panvik’).
Ocena zdolności kombinacyjnej wybranych form rodzicielskich borówki wysokiej (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) dla siły wzrostu siewek
Authors: Pluta Stanisław , Seliga Łukasz
Published: December 2020

Celem badań było określenie wartości hodowlanej 12 genotypów rodzicielskich borówki wysokiej (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) na podstawie oceny ich ogólnej i specyficznej zdolności kombinacyjnej (GCA i SCA) dla siły wzrostu siewek. Materiał badawczy stanowiła populacja 2100 siewek F1 uzyskanych z programu krzyżowania w 2014 roku. Krzyżowania 7 form matecznych (♀) – ‘Aurora’, ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Brigitta Blue’, ‘Chandler’, ‘Draper’, ‘Duke’, ‘Northland’ oraz 5 form ojcowskich (♂) – ‘Earliblue’, ‘KazPliszka’, ‘Polaris’, ‘Toro’, ‘Weymouth’ były wykonane w układzie czynnikowym (7x5). Jesienią 2014 r. założono doświadczenie polowe w układzie kompletnych bloków losowych, w 4 powtórzeniach, z 15 siewkami na poletku. W 2019 r. wykonano ocenę fenotypową populacji siewek pod kątem siły wzrostu roślin. Stwierdzono, że siewki różniły się istotnie tą cechą morfologiczną roślin. Na podstawie wyników oceny fenotypowej populacji siewek określono efekty GCA dla 12 rodzicielskich odmian i efekty SCA dla 35 rodzin mieszańcowych dla tej cechy. Analiza statystyczna wykazała, że formy rodzicielskie różniły się istotnie pod względem zdolności kombinacyjnej (efekty GCA i SCA) dla siły wzrostu. Formy rodzicielskie posiadające istotne i dodatnie wartości efektów GCA były potencjalnie przydatnymi dawcami genów determinujących silny wzrost, natomiast istotne i negatywne wartości efektów innych form rodzicielskich wskazywały na pogorszenie tej cechy u ocenianego potomstwa. Statystycznie istotne dodatnie lub ujemne wartości efektów SCA były wynikiem interakcji genetycznej obu form rodzicielskich w tych rodzinach mieszańcowych, a zatem mogły wpłynąć na poprawę lub pogorszenie siły wzrostu siewek borówki wysokiej.
Fusarium species and Fusarium mycotoxins in grain of barley in Poland in 2009 and 2010. Short communication
Authors: Góral Tomasz , Ochodzki Piotr , Kærgaard Nielsen Linda , Walentyn-Góral Dorota
Published: December 2020

Grain samples of spring barley from the 2009 and 2010 harvest were analysed for the content of DNA of Fusarium species and Fusarium toxins (type B trichothecenes). Samples originated from different fields in Radzików, Central Poland. Qualitative and quantitative determination of Fusarium species in the grain was performed using a real-time PCR. Fusarium toxins in the grain were analysed by gas chromatography. Seven Fusarium species were detected in barley grain. The dominating species were F. avenaceum, F. graminearum and F. poae. The presence of F. culmorum, F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides and F. tricinctum was also detected. The concentration of trichothecene toxins in grain (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol) was low. The highest correlation coefficient of deoxynivalenol vs. Fusarium DNA was found for F. graminearum. Regarding nivalenol, the highest correlation coefficient was with F. poae DNA.
Sztuczne sieci neuronowe i teledetekcja w ocenie porażenia pszenicy jarej fuzariozą kłosów
Authors: Golka Wiesław , Arseniuk Edward , Golka Adrian , Góral Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Celem prac badawczych było wykorzystanie teledetekcji oraz sztucznych sieci neuronowych w ocenie pszenicy jarej pod względem reakcji na fuzariozę kłosów wywoływaną przez grzyby z rodzaju Fusarium spp. Prace badawcze wykonano na roślinach 4 odmian pszenicy jarej. Były to: KWS Torridon i Izera – o wyższej odporności, Radocha i Nawra – o odporności niższej na ww. patogena. Wykonano zdjęcia zdrowych oraz porażonych kłosów wszystkich odmian, które następnie przetworzono przy użyciu programu Crops Vegetation Control Lab (CVC Lab.). Na podstawie uzyskanych obrazów utworzono ich reprezentacje w postaci sieci neuronowych Growing Neural Gas (GNG). W wyniku analizy zdjęć uzyskano 240 wzorców, z których wybrano po 6 bazowych wzorców choroby dla każdej odmiany. Następnie dokonano porównania próbek porażonych kłosów danej odmiany z bazowymi wzorcami chorobowymi tej samej odmiany pszenicy. W wyniku porównania wzorców roślin zdrowych i porażonych ze zdjęciami poletek roślin zdrowych i porażonych uzyskano zróżnicowanie wartości liczbowych dającej podstawę do konstrukcji mapy zdrowotności plantacji pszenicy z wyszczególnieniem ognisk choroby.
Rozwój chorób grzybowych oraz wysokość plonu bulw w zależności od zakresu ochrony
Authors: Pietraszko Milena
Published: December 2020

W latach 2014‒2016 w Instytucie Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin Oddział w Jadwisinie przeprowadzono doświadczenie mające na celu ocenę wpływu różnej intensywności ochrony chemicznej na porażenie roślin ziemniaka przez Phytophthora infestans i Alternaria spp. oraz wielkość plonu bulw. Badano odmiany różnej wczesności i odporności na zarazę. Porównywano trzy warianty ochrony fungicydowej: obiekt kontrolny (bez ochrony), ochrona ograniczona (1‒3 zabiegi) i ochrona intensywna (4‒5 zabiegów). Udowodniono wpływ lat badań, ochrony i odmian na rozwój chorób grzybowych oraz wysokość plonu bulw. Średnio dla lat badań, najniższy stopień porażenia roślin alternariozą oraz najwolniejsze tempo szerzenia zarazy i jednocześnie największy plon bulw odnotowano w kombinacji z ochroną intensywną. Wzrost plonów spowodowany działaniem fungicydów wyniósł średnio 19%. Największy średni wzrost plonu – 21,3%, uzyskano dla wariantu ochrony intensywnej w porównaniu do obiektu kontrolnego. Istotne zróżnicowanie pomiędzy ochroną intensywną a ograniczoną pod względem rozwoju chorób i wielkości plonu było uzależnione od presji patogenów w danym roku badań.
Wartość hodowlana wybranych odmian jabłoni (Malus domestica) pod względem odporności na parcha i mączniaka jabłoni
Authors: Lewandowski Mariusz , Keller-Przybyłkowicz Sylwia
Published: December 2020

Celem badań była ocena przydatności kilku odmian jabłoni do hodowli nowych genotypów odpornych/mało podatnych na parcha i mączniaka jabłoni w oparciu o ich ogólną (GCA) i specyficzną zdolność kombinacyjną (SCA). Stopień porażenia siewek jabłoni, stanowiących potomstwo 11 genotypów jabłoni, krzyżowanych w układzie czynnikowym: ♀4 × ♂7 – 4 odmiany mateczne (‘Alwa’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Free Redstar’, ‘Gold Milenium’) i 7 odmian ojcowskich (‘Glogierówka’, ‘Kronselka’, ‘Kosztela’, ‘McIntosh’, ‘Oliwka Żółta’, ‘Malinowa Oberlandzka’, ‘Koksa Pomarańczowa’) przez oba patogeny oceniono w lipcu 2019 r. Istotnie ujemną wartość efektu GCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez parcha jabłoni oszacowano dla odmiany ‘Free Redstar’. Wskazuje to, że odmiana ta jest donorem genów warunkujących ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność na parcha jabłoni u potomstwa. Istotnie ujemną wartość efektu GCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez mączniaka jabłoni oszacowano dla odmiany ‘Free Redstar’. Oznacza to, że genotyp ten jest donorem genów warunkujących ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność na mączniaka jabłoni u siewek. Negatywne efekty SCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez parcha jabłoni uzyskano dla 3 rodzin mieszańców: ‘Free Redstar’ × ‘McIntosh’, ‘Alwa’ × ‘Malinowa Oberlandzka’ i ‘Alwa’ × ‘McIntosh’. Oznacza to, że w przypadku tych rodzin genetyczne współdziałanie obu genotypów rodzicielskich warunkuje ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność roślin na parcha jabłoni.
Rare earth element partitioning between fluids and uraninite at 50−700 °C
Authors: Shabaga Brandi M. , Fayek Mostafa , McNeil Alysha , Linnen Robert L. , Potter Eric G.
Published: December 2020

Uranium deposits are globally diverse, occurring in a wide variety of geological settings and ranging in age from Archean to Holocene. As a result, understanding the mechanisms involved in the genesis and subsequent alteration of these complex deposits is challenging. Building on recent work on the geochemical signatures of uraninite, a series of experiments were designed to document the partitioning of rare earth elements between uraninite and fluids over a range of temperatures and to explore the impact of O and H diffusion, under reducing conditions, on U-Pb isotope systematics and rare earth element concentrations in uraninite.

Our results show that O and H diffusion in the presence of a rare earth element-rich fluid, under reducing conditions, has no effect on rare earth element concentrations and patterns or U-Pb isotopic compositions of uraninite. Our results also show that temperature (300 to 700 °C) has no effect on the rare earth element patterns, indicating that the dominant control on rare earth element concentration in uraninite is the metal source(s), the ability of the fluids to transport rare earth elements without inducing fractionation, and the degree of recrystallization. These results have implications for nuclear forensics, as well as for our understanding of the genesis of uranium-bearing ore deposits.
Raman and FTIR Spectroscopy of Synthetic Amphiboles: I. The OH Librational Bands and the Determination of the OH-F Content of Richterites via Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Della Ventura Giancarlo , Hawthorne Frank C. , Mihailova Boriana , Sodo Armida
Published: December 2020

Unpolarized FTIR and Raman spectra were collected in the regions 4000–4600 cm–1 (NIR) and 100–4000 cm–1 from previously synthesized and characterized amphiboles in the systems richterite–fluoro-richterite, potassic-richterite–potassic-fluoro-richterite, rubidium-richterite–rubidium-fluoro-richterite, and potassic-richterite–deuterated potassic-richterite. The NIR spectra of Na-, K-, and Rb-richterites have peaks at 4325, 4210 cm–1, and 3735–3730 cm–1. All three peaks decrease in intensity with increasing F content, indicating that the higher-energy peaks are combination bands involving the principal OH-stretch at 3735–3730 cm–1 and two OH-libration modes, the frequencies of which can be calculated from the relation ωcombination ≈ ωOH + ωlibration; these are 590 and 475 cm–1, respectively. The FTIR spectra of the richterite–fluoro-richterite and potassic-richterite–potassic-fluoro-richterite series show decreasing intensity and eventual disappearance of the band at ∼600 cm–1 with increasing F in accord with the assignment of this band as due to OH-libration. Raman spectra of the potassic-richterite–deuterated potassic-richterite amphiboles in the low-energy region show the disappearance of two peaks at 585 and 473 cm–1 that we have assigned to OH-libration modes. Collectively, these spectroscopic results indicate that there are two OH-libration modes at ∼590 and ∼475 cm–1 in these synthetic richterites and, by implication, in all monoclinic OH-bearing amphiboles with filled A sites. Similarly to FTIR, the relative intensities of the stretching modes associated with OH-A-OH and OH-A-F local configurations in the Raman spectra provide a reliable estimation of the F content in these A site-filled amphiboles.
Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO2@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO2 core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity
Authors: Mutuma Bridget K , Mathebula Xiluva , Nongwe Isaac , Mtolo Bonakele P , Matsoso Boitumelo J , Erasmus Rudolph , Tetana Zikhona , Coville Neil J
Published: December 2020

Core–shell based nanostructures are attractive candidates for photocatalysis owing to their tunable physicochemical properties, their interfacial contact effects, and their efficacy in charge-carrier separation. This study reports, for the first time, on the synthesis of mesoporous silica@nickel phyllosilicate/titania (mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2) core–shell nanostructures. The TEM results showed that the mSiO2@NiPS composite has a core–shell nanostructure with a unique flake-like shell morphology. XPS analysis revealed the successful formation of 1:1 nickel phyllosilicate on the SiO2 surface. The addition of TiO2 to the mSiO2@NiPS yielded the mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 composite. The bandgap energy of mSiO2@NiPS and of mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 were estimated to be 2.05 and 2.68 eV, respectively, indicating the role of titania in tuning the optoelectronic properties of the SiO2@nickel phyllosilicate. As a proof of concept, the core–shell nanostructures were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of methyl violet dye and the degradation efficiencies were found to be 72% and 99% for the mSiO2@NiPS and the mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 nanostructures, respectively. Furthermore, a recyclability test revealed good stability and recyclability of the mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 photocatalyst with a degradation efficacy of 93% after three cycles. The porous flake-like morphology of the nickel phyllosilicate acted as a suitable support for the TiO2 nanoparticles. Further, a coating of TiO2 on the mSiO2@NiPS surface greatly affected the surface features and optoelectronic properties of the core–shell nanostructure and yielded superior photocatalytic properties.
The adsorption of 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane onto the pristine, Al-, and Ga-doped boron nitride nanosheet
Authors: Doust Mohammadi Mohsen , Abdullah Hewa Y
Published: December 2020

DFT were put into practice to study the nature of the intermolecular interactions between 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124) gas molecule and pristine, aluminium, and galium doped single-walled boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS). For performing optimization process, various functionals including PBE0, M06-2X, ωB97XD, and B3LYP-D3 were applied on both of the isolated and complex structures. All of the functionals were used together with split-valence triple-zeta basis sets with d-type Cartesian-Gaussian polarization functions (6-311G(d)). To consider the electronic structure, DOS analysis were employed. NBO, QTAIM, and NCI analyses were also taken on board to discover the nature of intermolecular interactions between gas and nanosheets using the same level of theory. The results of electronic structure calculations as well as population analyses has been carefully tabulated and partially depicted. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap was dramatically changed when the dopant atom added to the BNNS. It means the impurity can improve the sensivity and reactivity of the pristine nanosheet; therefore, by absorbing the HCFC-124 onto the surface of the titled nanosheets, a salient signal can produce in a typical electronic circuit. Among all of the absorbents, Al-doped BNNS shows the most favorable material to design a nanosensor for the studied gas molecule.
Urininkontinenz bei Frauen
Authors: Loeliger Barbara
Published: December 2020

Zur Behandlung einer Urininkontinenz stehen heute eine Reihe von wirksamen Verfahren zur Verfügung, wobei die nicht-medikamentöse Behandlung eine wichtige Rolle spielt. In dieser Übersicht werden die wichtigsten verfügbaren Optionen kritisch beleuchtet und praktische Hinweise vermittelt.
UZAKTAN EĞİTİMLE YAPILAN TÜRKÇE DERSİNİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNE GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÖZGÜL Emrah , CERAN Dilek , YILDIZ Derya
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarıyla Türkçe dersinin nasıl gerçekleştirildiğine yönelik öğretmenleri görüş ve önerileri incelenmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim çalışmalarıyla Türkçe derslerini ortaokul öğrencileriyle aktif ve güncel olarak sürdüren öğretmenlerin yaşadıkları deneyimlerin çeşitli temalar altında değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde durum çalışması deseni uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında Antalya ili Gazipaşa ilçesinde görev yapan ve uzaktan eğitim uygulayan 10 Türkçe öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Türkçe öğretmenleri ile yarı yapılandırılmış form kullanılarak telekonferans yoluyla görüşmeler yapılmış ve veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yaklaşımıyla çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma elde edilen bulgulara göre Türkçe öğretmenleri uzaktan eğitimle yapılan derslere ilişkin görüşlerini; Zorluklar ve Katkılar, EBA, Zengin İçerik ve Yetersiz Ölçme-Değerlendirme temaları ile açıklamışlardır. Elde edilen bulgulara ilişkin sonuçlar, alan yazındaki benzer çalışmaların sonuçları ile tartışılmış ve araştırma sonucunda çeşitli öneriler ifade edilmiştir.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE UZAKTAN EĞİTİM UYGULAMALARINA İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: DÜZGÜN Serkan , SULAK Süleyman Erkam
Published: December 2020

Bu makalede Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarına geçen üniversitelerdeki öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, bir devlet üniversitesinin 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim döneminin bahar yarıyılında Sınıf Eğitimi ve Matematik Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dallarının 1-4. sınıflarında uzaktan eğitim yoluyla öğrenim gören toplam 132 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Öğrenci Görüşleri” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı 0.86 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde, ölçek maddeleri web tabanlı olarak öğretmen adaylarına uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, betimsel istatistikler (frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma), bağımsız örneklem t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiki açıdan anlamlı olan farkın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunun tespit edilmesi amacıyla LSD testi uygulanmış ve anlamlılık p
ÖĞRETMENLERİN UZAKTAN EĞİTİME İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: KURNAZ Ahmet , KAYNAR Hamza , ŞENTÜRK BARIŞIK Canan , DOĞRUKÖK Bariş
Published: December 2020

: COVİD-19 salgını nedeniyle tüm dünyada ve ülkemizde en çok kullanılan eğitim yöntemi haline gelen uzaktan eğitim sürecini öğretmen görüşlerine göre incelemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma ile öğretmenlerin görüşleri ile ilgili toplanacak verilerin ileride yürütülecek uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarına yön vermesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma için nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı karma yöntem deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu farklı il/ilçelerde koronavirüs sebebi ile uzaktan eğitime dahil olan farklı sınıf seviyelerinde derse giren 418 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu seçkisiz olmayan örnekleme yönteminden uygun/kazara örnekleme ile oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Öğretmenlerin Uzaktan Eğitim Algıları Ölçeği” ile araştırmacılar tarafından toplanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu oluşturan bireyler ile internet üzerinden anket uygulanarak veriler araştırmacılar tarafından toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenlerin görev yaptıkları okul türüne, öğretmenlerin görev yaptığı okulun bulunduğu il/ilçeye, öğretmenlerin cinsiyetlerine, yaşadıkları şehirlere, görev yaptıkları kıdem yılına, öğretmenlerin kademe ilerleme derecelerine, branşlarına, eğitim verdikleri sınıf seviyelerine, uzaktan eğitim için bağlantı kurdukları cihaza, derslerini yaptıkları yerlere göre uzaktan eğitime ilişkin olumlu görüş oluşturmada herhangi bir farklılık oluşturmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, gelecekte yapılacak olan uzaktan eğitim faaliyetlerine ışık tutması açısından önemlidir.
Ukrainian Canada (The Present of the Ukrainian Community and Its Harmonious Life with Ukraine)
Authors: Lazebnyk Stanislav
Published: December 2020

The article narrates about the Ukrainian community in Canada, one of the most organised diasporas in the world, which from the times of its founders to the current generation has preserved its national identity, cultural traditions, and is duly represented in power structures of the country of the red maple leaf. Throughout its 129-year history, the Ukrainian community has consistently defended, to the best of its abilities, the national interests of Ukraine at different times. The author glorifies the cohort of prominent Canadian Ukrainians, who have soared to greater heights in their environment, reached the pinnacle of power on the state level, and hold prestigious posts in the legislative and executive branches at the federal and provincial levels. In Canada, there has developed an extensive scientific and educational base of Ukrainian studies, a Ukrainian-language degree system of education, including pre-school and extracurricular institutions, bilingual schools, and university courses in Ukrainian studies. The language, literature, history, geography, and folklore of Ukraine are taught in ten universities around the country. Canadian Ukrainians have a substantial cultural heritage of their own. The author stresses that support to Ukraine in different realms of life is provided by personal resources of Canadian Ukrainians and in cooperation with the Government, local non-governmental organisations and commercial corporations, the Canada-Ukraine Foundation. There is an atmosphere of sympathy in the Ukrainian environment and throughout Canada to the Ukrainian people combined with the willingness to help them. Following the Russian aggression against our state, Canadian Ukrainians intensified assistance to the land of their ancestors. Sacrifice, patronage, and participation in the volunteer movement have become a way of life for many in the community. All of these noble features are especially evident in the most challenging periods of the history of Ukraine.
Keywords: Canada, Ukrainian community, national interests, Canadian Ukrainians
Model of Cooperation between Taiwan and Visegrad Countries: Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Koshovyi Serhii
Published: December 2020

The article highlights issues and trends of the relations between the Visegrad Group countries (Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, hereinafter – V4) and the Republic of China on Taiwan. The preconditions and prospects for the development of relationships in the post-coronavirus world are analysed. The main ways of bilateral economic cooperation, investment activity, and cooperation in the humanitarian sphere are identified. It is stated in the article that the abovementioned states heavily rely on pragmatic instruments of partnership in foreign policy and foreign economic activity, while the Taiwanese practice is characterised by a more balanced approach. Particular attention is also paid to the analysis of direct investment of Taiwanese companies in Central and Eastern Europe. It is argued that the experience of the Visegrad Four countries in the successful trade and economic cooperation with Taiwan can potentially contribute to the modernisation of Ukraine. What is implied herein is that relations with Taiwan should be developed in such areas as economy, investment, trade, tourism, culture, education, science, interpersonal contacts, etc., which will provide Ukrainian products with new markets. An important step may be establishing working contacts among representatives of Ukrainian and Taiwanese agencies responsible for relevant portfolios. The author emphasises that the experience of the Visegrad Four countries in forging cooperation with Taiwan and attracting foreign direct investment into their economies is useful and instructive for Ukraine. Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary are Ukraine’s immediate European neighbours, and this aspect alone necessitates a more in-depth examination of the matter of a possible economic interaction between Ukraine and Taiwan.
Keywords: Ukraine, Visegrad Four countries, the Indo-Pacific geopolitical area, regional cooperation.
Euroatlantic Integration in Western Balkans: Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Martyniuk Vitalii
Published: December 2020

Ukraine’s constitutionally enshrined goal to become a NATO member encourages the state to more intensively explore and utilise the experience of the countries that have recently joined the Alliance, i.e. the countries of the Western Balkans. Their NATO integration comes amid relatively recent independence, resolution of post-war problems, and countering Russia’s influence in the region. This issue is similar for Ukraine, and therefore the article is devoted to studying the attitude and requirements of NATO to new candidate countries and a comparative analysis of the key features of Euro-Atlantic integration in the Western Balkans and mechanisms to counter them employed by Russia.
The stability of the Western Balkans is seen by the Alliance as one of the key factors in Euro-Atlantic security, and NATO has made a political decision on the membership of the states of the region, some of which – Slovenia, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, and North Macedonia – have already achieved this goal. NATO is not reducing its focus on the region, as Bosnia and Herzegovina is still a candidate country. The Alliance is also developing an in-depth partnership with Serbia to transform the region into an area of peace, security, and stability.
Russia’s priority goal is to prevent Ukraine from joining NATO, as this will mean the final withdrawal of our country from the sphere of Russian influence. Meanwhile, Moscow will continue its anti-Alliance activities in the Western Balkans, pursuing a dual goal of diverting NATO’s attention from Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic integration and maintaining and strengthening its influence in the region.
The conclusions made in the article can be used to further develop Ukraine’s cooperation with NATO, prepare the country for membership in the Alliance and in the process of writing annual national programmes and planning activities for their implementation.
Keywords: Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine, Western Balkans, NATO, Russian Federation.
COVID SOCIALISATION, STIGMA AND DEHUMANISATION IN INDIA: A NEED FOR NEW EDUCATION
Authors: Singh Mohan
Published: December 2020

The socialisation since childhood, constructs our consciousness about the world which
decides our behaviour in the world through differences :superior/ inferior, we/they etc. Same way, the socialisation during corona pandemic called, covid socialisation also creates ’we’ and ‘they’ among the people by stigmatising few as ‘they’ who are infected by the virus or suspected carriers of virus. And ‘we’ who are feared of being infected by covid-19 discriminate and dehumanise ‘they’ people with insensitivity. To remove this stigma, a new education is required which make people sensitive to all without any differences.
EMPOWERING THE USERS IN ACADEMIC LIBRARY FOR A BETTER FUTURE
Authors: Vyas Priyanki , Patel Daxa
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to enlighten the basic concept of user
empowerment. The important role of the academic libraries and library professionals is to
empower the students, research scholars and faculties for maximize and effective use of
academic resources to enable them to develop skills & ability for self-empowering This paper discuss about the need of user empowerment, teaching tool & techniques, role of library professionals in user empowerment in academic library.
PRATILIPI: ADVENT OF DIGITAL LITERATURE IN GUJARATI
Authors: Solanki Naresh
Published: December 2020

‘Diaspora’ refers to the dispersion of people from their homeland. It is a
scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic scale. Diaspora
Literature can be called works were written by authors who live outside native land.
Diaspora writers are often preoccupied with the elements of nostalgia as they seek to
locate themselves in the new culture. At the core of the concept of Diaspora lays the
image of home. Home is a powerful notion in the study of Diaspora.
Evaluation of the Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) on Unrestricted Use of Meropenem at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Mithawala Priyam , McGee Edo-abasi
Published: December 2020

Objective The primary objectives were to evaluate the prescriber acceptance rate of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) pharmacist recommendation to de-escalate/discontinue meropenem, and estimate the difference in duration of meropenem therapy. The secondary objective was to determine incidence of adverse events in the two groups. Methods It was a retrospective study. All patients admitted to Gwinnett Medical Center and receiving meropenem from January–November 2015 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: patients admitted to intensive care unit, one-time dose, infectious disease consultation, and age <18 years. Electronic medical records were reviewed for data collection. The control group consisted of patients from January–July 2015 when there was no ASP pharmacist. The intervention group consisted of patients from August–November 2015 during which period the ASP pharmacist recommended de-escalation/discontinuation of meropenem based on culture and sensitivity results. Results A total of 41 patients were studied, 21 in the control group and 20 in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics in the two groups and in terms of prior hospitalization or antibiotic use (within 90 days) and documented or suspected MDRO infection at the time of admission. De-escalation/discontinuation was suggested in 16/20 patients in the intervention group (80%), and intervention was accepted in 68%. The mean duration of therapy was significantly decreased in the intervention group (5.6 days vs. 8.1 days, p =0.0175). Two patients had thrombocytopenia (unrelated to meropenem), and none of the patients had seizure. Conclusion Targeted antibiotic review is an effective ASP strategy, which significantly decreases the duration of meropenem therapy.
The Effect of a Tailored Patient Activation Intervention in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Kanu Chisom , Brown Carolyn , Barner Jamie , Chapman Casey , Walker Heather
Published: December 2020

Purpose

A pre-test, post-test, control group design was employed to investigate the impact of a tailored patient activation intervention (PAI) among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

Methods

Patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected from medical records via convenience sampling, were consented, and completed a baseline survey. Based on responses to the baseline 13-item patient activation measure (PAM-13), they were categorized into one of four patient activation stages. During office visits, intervention patients (N=23) were given a tailored PAI based on their baseline stage, which consisted of an information booklet and focused discussion with the gastroenterologist, while the control group (N=27) received usual care. Baseline and 1-month post-intervention scores were compared between the intervention (N=20) and control (N=21) groups for changes in patient activation score, medication adherence, and satisfaction with care.

Results

Most participants were Caucasian (88%), female (64%), college graduates (56%), and had Crohn's disease (59.2%). Overall, females had a significantly higher (p=0.04) mean activation score (mean=70.9±15.4) than males (mean=60.9±10.7) at baseline. This trend was the same post-intervention (75.6 females vs 64.4 males; p=0.03). The difference in mean activation scores pre- vs post-intervention was not statistically significant between the intervention and control groups (mean=4.9±12.3, p=0.21). However, this difference could be considered to be clinically significant based on results from previous studies. There were no significant differences in medication adherence or satisfaction scores pre- vs post-intervention for either group.

Conclusion

Tailored PAIs have the potential to increase activation level of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. This customized medical interaction increased patient involvement in disease management and could potentially lead to improved health outcomes.