bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological evidence that GABA-induced relaxation of rat proximal duodenum longitudinal muscle depends on NKCC cotransporter activity and Ca2+ influx
Authors: Filho Francisco Chagas , Silva Janyerson Dannys Pereira , Petri Caio , Almendra João Santos Lima , de Sousa Ícaro Araújo , Cavalcanti Suzana Maria Galvão , Silva Bagnólia A. , Formiga Melo Margareth Fátima , Cavalcanti Paulo Marques da Silva
Published: July 2022

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in adult central nervous system (CNS) synapses, but it excites immature CNS neurons as well as neurons in the myenteric plexus. The present work aimed to determine whether GABA-induced nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) neuronal-mediated relaxation of the rat duodenum is dependent on the activity of Na+ K+ Cl- cotransporters (NKCC) and requires calcium influx. In the presence of guanethidine (3 µmol/L), atropine (3 µmol/L), and indomethacin (1 µmol/L), relaxations induced by GABA (100 µmol/L), KCl (5–10 mmol/L) and electrical field stimulation (1–8 Hz, 2 ms, 60 V), but not those induced by bradykinin (10–100 nmol/L) were abolished by lidocaine (300 µmol/L). However, only GABA-induced relaxations were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by the NKCC1/2 inhibitors bumetanide (0.1–1 µmol/L) and furosemide (1–10 µmol/L). GABA-induced NANC neuronal relaxation was abolished by bicuculline (30 µmol/L) and inhibited by N-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 300 µmol/L). The ω-conotoxin GVIA (1 µmol/L), which acts exclusively on neuronal CaV2 channels, but not on smooth muscle voltage-gated Ca2+ CaV1 channels, and nonselective blockers of these channels (verapamil 100 nmol/L and ruthenium red 10 µmol/L), reduced GABA-induced relaxations. These results showed that the activation of GABAA receptors induces NANC nitrergic neuronal relaxations in the rat duodenum, which depend on NKCC activity and CaV2 channel activation, suggesting that this phenomenon results from neuronal depolarization promoted by Cl− efflux through GABAA receptors, with subsequent Ca2+ influx and nitric oxide release.
Dynamic density correlations in baryon rich fluid using Mori–Zwanzig–Nakajima projection operator method
Authors: Kadam Guruprasad
Published: July 2022

In this work, we calculate the dynamic density correlations using Mori–Zwanzig–Nakajima projection operator method. With a judicious choice of slow variables we derive the evolution equations for these slow variables starting from generalised Langevin equation. We get the hydrodynamic form of density correlations function which consist of two acoustic peaks: also called Brillouin peaks, and one thermal peak: also called Rayleigh peak. We then estimate the dynamic density correlations near the critical point using critical exponents extracted from the statistical bootstrap model of hadronic matter. We find that the bulk viscosity contributes to the sound attenuation at leading order$$\sim |t|^{-\frac{5}{4}}$$∼|t|-54while the thermal conductivity contribute at sub-leading order$$\sim |t|^{-\frac{3}{4}}$$∼|t|-34. On the other hand, only the thermal conductivity contributes at leading order$$\sim |t|^{\frac{1}{4}}$$∼|t|14to the thermal diffusivity. We discuss the implications of these results in search for the QCD critical point in the heavy-ion collision experiments.
Reconstructing cosmic evolution with a density parametrization
Authors: Nagpal Ritika , Pacif Shibesh Kumar Jas , Parida Abhishek
Published: July 2022

This study examines a dark energy cosmological model in the classical domain, where a generic scalar field is considered a dark energy source. Einstein’s field equations are solved in a model independent way, i.e. using a scheme of cosmological parametrization. A simple parametrization of the density parameter as a function of the cosmic scale factor is considered and investigated extensively. The results obtained are noteworthy as it shows a smooth transition from a decelerating to an accelerating phase in the recent past. Certain external datasets are used here to limit the model parameters involved in the functional form of the considered parametrization of energy density of the scalar filed. The updated Hubble datasets containing 57 data points, 1048 points of recently compiled Pantheon datasets, and also the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) datasets are used here to determine the best-fitting model parameter values. The expressions of several significant cosmological parameters are represented as a function of redshift “[Formula: see text]” and illustrated visually for the best fit values of the model parameters to better comprehend cosmic evolution. The obtained model is also compared with the [Formula: see text]CDM model. Our model has a distinct behavior in future and shown a big crunch type collapse. The best fit values of the model parameters are also used to compute the current values of several physical and geometrical parameters, as well as phase transition redshift. To examine the nature of dark energy, certain cosmological tests and diagnostic analyses are done on the derived model.
The decays τ → a1πντ, τ → K1πντ and τ → K1Kντ in the extended U(3) ×U(3) chiral NJL model
Authors: Volkov Mikhail K. , Pivovarov Aleksey A. , Nurlan Kanat
Published: July 2022

The branching fractions of the decays [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are calculated in the framework of the extended [Formula: see text] chiral Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model. There are no experimental data for these decays in the present time, thus the obtained results are considered as predictions. The comparison of these results to the theoretical results of other authors is carried out.
How modes shape Casimir physics
Authors: Intravaia Francesco
Published: July 2022

Modes have steadily influenced the understanding of physical systems through time. At least since the prediction of the Casimir effect, they also play a very important role in Casimir physics and in the understanding of the different phenomena typical of this research field. At equilibrium modes provide a direct connection between the zero-point energy and the existence of irreducible fluctuations in a quantum system, offering an anatomic view into the physics of the interaction. In nonequilibrium systems, modes can be decisive to understand the behavior of quantum fluctuation-induced phenomena, highlighting key aspects which determine their strength and their functional dependence. In this article we review some recent studies and results that highlight how modes impact Casimir physics and the central role they play in shaping our understanding of this area of research.
Resonant states 3+ and 2− of the Boron isotope 8B
Authors: Tshipi T. J. , Rakityansky S. A. , Ershov S. N.
Published: July 2022

The Jost functions, constructed by fitting available partial cross-sections for the elastic p 7Be scattering with [Formula: see text], are analytically continued to complex energies, where the resonances are located as their zeros. In addition to the resonance energies and widths, the residues of the [Formula: see text]-matrix at the corresponding poles, as well as the Asymptotic Normalization Constants (ANC) are determined. The fitting is done using the semi-analytic representation of the Jost function with proper analytic structure, defined on the Riemann surface whose topology involves not only the square-root but also the logarithmic branching caused by the Coulomb interaction.
Solitons solutions to the high-order dispersive cubic–quintic Schrödinger equation in optical fibers
Authors: Zabihi Ali , Shaayesteh Mayssam Tarighi , Rezazadeh Hadi , Ansari Reza , Raza Nauman , Bekir Ahmet
Published: July 2022

In this paper, solitons solutions of higher-order dispersive cubic–quintic Schrödinger equationincluding third-order as well as fourth-order derivatives with respect to time, that describes the dynamics of ultrashort pulses in optical fibers are investigated in detail. In this respect,a solution procedure in the locality of applied mathematics called the hyperbolic function method is appliedusing multi-linear variable separation approach (MLVSA). As an outcome, a bunch of soliton solutions isderived in conjunction with plotting dark and periodic wave solutions. The credibility of the results is examined by setting each solution back into its governing equation. Through portraits, different forms of wave solutions are depicted. Moreover, the restrictions on the parameters are also given for the existence of the obtained solutions.
Thermoelastic Damping in Vibrations of Small-Scaled Rings with Rectangular Cross-Section by Considering Size Effect on Both Structural and Thermal Domains
Authors: Ge Yi , Sarkar Anita
Published: July 2022

In this paper, thermoelastic dissipation or thermoelastic damping (TED) in micro/nanorings with rectangular cross-section is examined by accounting for small-scale effect on both structural and thermal areas. The modified couple stress theory (MCST) and nonlocal dual-phase-lag (NDPL) heat conduction model are exploited for incorporating size effect within constitutive relations and heat conduction equation. By employing simple harmonic form for asymmetric vibrations of the miniaturized ring and solving the heat conduction equation, for one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) cases of heat transfer, the solution of temperature distribution in the ring is extracted in the form of infinite series. By employing the definition of TED on the basis of entropy generation approach, an analytical relation in the series form containing structural and thermal scale parameters is established to estimate TED value. To appraise the precision and validity of the developed solution, a comparison study is performed by utilizing the outcomes of researches published in the literature. An exhaustive parametric study is then conducted to ascertain the role of structural and thermal scale parameters in the magnitude of TED. The influence of some key parameters such as vibration mode, geometrical properties, directions of heat conduction (1D and 2D model) and material on TED is also addressed.
Collaborative Decision-Making: A Proposal of an Semi-Automatic Facilitation Based on an Ontology
Authors: Konaté Jacqueline , Gueye Aminata , Zaraté Pascale , Camilleri Guy
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we focus on a recommendation approach for collaborative decision-making. This recommendation is possible by designing an ontology in a first step. The construction of this ontology is based on a state of the art on collaborative decision-making, on ontology engineering and on collaboration engineering. An eight-step ontology development methodology was adopted and implemented to design the ontology. A corpus made up of one hundred and seventy-seven (177) documents was the starting point for the extraction of terms from the ontology and the Unified Modeling Language (UML) language is used as a description language of the ontology. This ontology is the starting point for a facilitation support system in a collaborative decision-making process. In a second step, we defined rules, based on our expertise on collaborative decision-making, used to guide a group of decision maker or a facilitator.
Shintani cones for complex cubic number fields
Authors: Capuñay Alex
Published: July 2022

In 1979, Shintani showed the existence of a fundamental domain, consisting of a finite number of [Formula: see text]-rational polyhedral cones, for the action of the units of a number field [Formula: see text] under its geometric embedding. Explicit construction of such cones is only known for totally real fields of degree [Formula: see text]. Here, we extend this to complex cubic fields using Espinoza’s work on signed Shintani domains for such fields.
Odd values of partition functions related to binary quadratic forms
Authors: Chen Shi-Chao
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be the number of representations of [Formula: see text] by all reduced quadratic forms of discriminant [Formula: see text]. We give an asymptotic formula for the number of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is odd, where [Formula: see text] are integers and [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. As applications, we improve early results on odd values of the number of four-core partitions, the Rogers–Ramanujan’s partitions and five-regular partitions.
An effective Schmidt’s subspace theorem for arbitrary hypersurfaces over function fields
Authors: Le Giang
Published: July 2022

We establish an effective version of Schmidt’s subspace theorem on a smooth projective variety [Formula: see text] over function fields of characteristic zero for arbitrary family of hypersurfaces. We also show an application to study a general Thue equation over function fields.
Applications of the fibration method to the Brauer–Manin obstruction to the existence of zero-cycles on certain varieties
Authors: Ieronymou Evis
Published: July 2022

We study the Brauer–Manin obstruction to the existence of zero-cycles of degree [Formula: see text] on certain classes of varieties over number fields. We generalize existing results in the literature and prove some results about fibrations over the projective line, where the geometric Brauer group of the generic fiber is not assumed to be finite. The idea is to assume that the Brauer–Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle is the only one for certain fibers and then deduce analogous results for zero-cycles.
On values of logarithmic derivative of L-function attached to modular form
Authors: Paul Biplab
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to initiate a systematic investigation of the distribution of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-function attached to a normalized Hecke eigenform [Formula: see text] of weight [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is a primitive character. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we prove an upper bound of [Formula: see text] in terms of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. This result is analogous to that of Ihara, Kumar Murty and Shimura. Next we show that the upper bound is not far from being optimal by proving an unconditional omega result which is analogous to a result of Mourtada and Kumar Murty. In course of proving the omega result, we prove a zero-density estimate for the [Formula: see text]-functions involved.
On the k-resultant modulus set problem on varieties over finite fields
Authors: Pham Minh-Quy
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a regular variety, [Formula: see text] be an integer and [Formula: see text]. Covert et al. proved the following generalization of the Erdős–Falconer distance problem that if [Formula: see text], then we have [Formula: see text] In this paper, we provide improvements and extensions of their result.
On sums of gcd-sum functions
Authors: Inoue Shōta , Kiuchi Isao
Published: July 2022

Let [Formula: see text] denote the greatest common divisor of integers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Define [Formula: see text] for any arithmetical function [Formula: see text]. We shall derive several asymptotic expansions of the error terms [Formula: see text] for the partial sums of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the Euler totient function and the Dedekind function, respectively. Furthermore, we establish several formulas concerning the sum function [Formula: see text] and deduce several related results.
Unramified extensions of quadratic number fields with certain perfect Galois groups
Authors: König Joachim
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we provide infinite families of quadratic number fields with everywhere unramified Galois extensions of Galois group [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. To my knowledge, these are the first instances of infinitely many such realizations for perfect groups which are not generated by involutions, a property which makes them difficult to approach for the problem in question and leads to somewhat delicate local–global problems in inverse Galois theory.
Dimensionality Nanostructures Classification on Scanning Electron Microscopy Images Using Two-Stage Hybrid Classification Algorithm
Authors: Selvaraj Rohini , Nagarajan Sureshkumar
Published: July 2022

Nanoscience is increasingly focusing on artificial intelligence approaches to handle the complexities of everyday living demands. Imaging approaches for the categorization of nanomaterials with specified attributes to meet the needs of applications are of interest to researchers in both academia and industry. Machine-learning advancements have been utilized to improve computers’ ability to understand scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The aim of the work is to classify the SEM images based on their dimensionality using a two-stage hybrid classification technique. In two-stage hybrid classification, the support vector machine (SVM) is employed in the first stage of classification. Based on the result of SVM classifier, [Formula: see text]-nearest neighbor ([Formula: see text]-NN) is used for final classification. The proposed classification algorithm was able to successfully classify 86.5% of test data into six categories including particles, powders, fibers, wires, thin-films and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMSs) devices. The performance of the proposed method is measured in terms of overall accuracy, class accuracy, precision, recall and [Formula: see text]1-score.
The equation of state for metal-doped ferroelectrics within the Weiss model
Authors: Starkov Ivan A. , Mishnev Mikhail A. , Starkov Alexander S.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a theoretical model for describing the thermodynamic properties of doped ferroelectric crystals based on a modified Weiss mean-field approach. Accounting for quadrupole and octupole terms in the expression for the effective field within the Weiss model makes it possible to move from the Langevin equation to the Landau–Ginzburg equation. Furthermore, the coefficients of the Landau–Ginzburg equation can be expressed in terms of the physical parameters of the crystal lattice. For these parameters, analytical expressions are proposed that describe their change when adding dopants in ceramic matrix composites. Perovskite barium titanate ceramics with a variety of inclusions is considered as an application example of the developed method. The obtained agreement between the analytical and experimental results for barium titanate ceramics with lanthanum/magnesium/zirconium dopants gives us hope of the applicability of the present theory to the calculation of other doped ferroelectrics as well.
Characterization and Optimization of the Angle-Dependent Acoustic Absorption of 2D Infinite Periodic Surfaces of Helmholtz Resonators
Authors: Garza-Agudelo Diana María , Henríquez Vicente Cutanda , Jeong Cheol-Ho , Andersen Peter Risby
Published: July 2022

Acoustic metamaterials have emerged as alternative solutions to achieve useful physical effects that differ from the ones obtained with traditional materials. In terms of sound absorption, previous works have addressed their potential as compact surfaces with high performance. Nevertheless, studies on their angle-dependent behavior are scarce. In this work, an analytic model and a numerical model to estimate the performance of periodic surfaces with unit cells composed of 2D Helmholtz resonators are presented. By making use of these modeling tools, the absorption of surfaces with one and three different resonators is studied as a function of both incidence angle and frequency. Changes in the incidence angle can cause variation of the maximum absorption coefficient, the frequencies at which the maximum performance is observed, and the frequency range of significant absorption. Furthermore, the rate at which the performance changes as a function of the incidence angle is larger as the angle increases. Given the angle dependency of these absorbers, a strategy to optimize the dimensions of the surface elements to maximize the absorption performance for predefined ranges of incidence angles and frequencies is presented.
Privacy of Personal Information
Authors: Mondal Sutapa , Gharote Mangesh S. , Lodha Sachin P.
Published: July 2022

Each online interaction with an external service creates data about the user that is digitally recorded and stored. These external services may be credit card transactions, medical consultations, census data collection, voter registration, etc. Although the data is ostensibly collected to provide citizens with better services, the privacy of the individual is inevitably put at risk. With the growing reach of the Internet and the volume of data being generated, data protection and, specifically, preserving the privacy of individuals, have become particularly important. In this article we discuss the data privacy concepts using two fictitious characters, Swara and Betaal, and their interactions with a fictitious entity, namely Asha Hospital.
Methods and Applications of Clusterwise Linear Regression: A Survey and Comparison
Authors: Long Qiang , Bagirov Adil , Taheri Sona , Sultanova Nargiz , Wu Xue
Published: July 2022

Clusterwise linear regression (CLR) is a well-known technique for approximating a data using more than one linear function. It is based on the combination of clustering and multiple linear regression methods. This article provides a comprehensive survey and comparative assessments of CLR including model formulations, description of algorithms, and their performance on small to large-scale synthetic and real-world datasets. Some applications of the CLR algorithms and possible future research directions are also discussed.
Expert Perspectives on Student Errors in SQL
Authors: Miedema Daphne , Fletcher George , Aivaloglou Efthimia
Published: July 2022

Prior studies in the Computer Science education literature have illustrated that novices make many mistakes in composing SQL queries. Query formulation proves to be difficult for students. Only recently, some headway was made towards understanding why SQL leads to so many mistakes, by uncovering student misconceptions. In this article, we shed new light on SQL misconceptions by analyzing the hypotheses of SQL experts on the causes of student errors. By examining the experts’ perceptions, we draw on their understanding of students’ misconceptions and on their experiences with studying and teaching SQL. For our analysis, we chose the Policy Delphi, a questionnaire instrument specifically designed for gathering opinions and evidence. Through a two-round process, our nineteen participants proposed and voted on underlying causes for SQL errors which resulted in a set of hypotheses per error. Our main contribution to this article is this new set of possible misconceptions. With them, we can design more complete educational approaches to address misconceptions underlying SQL errors made by students, leading to more effective SQL education.
Simulation of Intercalation Processes in Poorly Conductive Materials
Authors: Zhigalenok Yaroslav , Kokhmetova Saule , Malchik Fyodor , Starodubtseva Alena , Galeyeva Alina , Kurbatov Andrey
Published: July 2022

To determine the impact of the electrode composite parameters of metal-ion intercalation into host materials with poor conductivity, the processes were simulated with varying possible values of parameters. A physical model is proposed for the intercalation into an active material particle that has point contacts with an electronic conductor, considering the change in phase conductivity during intercalation. The basis of the model are the processes of electron migration through the phase of the poorly conductive material to its interface with the electrolyte, intercalation of cations from the electrolyte into the cathode material, formation of intercalated phase and its subsequent diffusive propagation into the material bulk. The finite element method implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for numerical simulation. The effect of electrical conductivity, kinetic parameters at the interfaces, mass transfer of intercalated atoms in the host material and the number of electronic contacts with cathode particle were simulated. The strong dependence of the kinetics of the de/intercalation process on the number of electronic contacts on the particle is discovered. It is shown that starting from certain values of the conductivity of the intercalation material, the reaction can be described by the equipotential surface approximation.
Self-Reduction Mechanism and Luminescence Properties of Eu2+-Eu3+Doped Ca(PO3)2 Phosphor
Authors: Lu Xiaolong , Ma Jie , Li Hao , Zhang Fengjun , Jin Zhen , Xie Wenjie
Published: July 2022

A series of Ca(PO3)2 phosphors mono-doped with Eu3+ were successfully synthesized by the conventional high-temperature solid-phase method. Rietveld correction of the X-ray diffraction shows that Eu3+ ions occupy Ca2+ positions in the Ca(PO3)2 lattice and have no effect on the matrix structure. In this work, the self-reduction of Eu3+ was observed and verified by photoluminescence (PL), excitation spectroscopy (PLE) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Under excitation at 238 nm, Ca(PO3)2: Eu exhibits a broad blue Eu2+ emission band in addition to the usual orange-red emission of Eu3+. The fact that europium ions exist in divalent and trivalent forms was further confirmed, and the corresponding mechanism of the anomalous reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ is discussed. On this basis, the effect of Eu concentration on the structure and luminescence properties of Ca(PO3)2 phosphor was investigated in detail. The luminescence of the phosphor exhibited bright tunable emission in the blue region and the red region. These results indicate that the Ca(PO3)2: Eu phosphors have potential applications as a n-UV convertible phosphor for light-emitting diodes.
Efficacy of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Preventing Perinatal Venous Thrombosis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Fei , Li Changhong , Liao Xueli
Published: July 2022

Background. There have been controversies about the preventive effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on venous thrombosis (VT) in the perinatal period. This study is aimed at exploring the effectiveness of LMWH in preventing perinatal VT through meta-analysis. Methods. Databases such as CNKI, China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), Wanfang, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Central were searched. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) subjects: women at high risk of perinatal VT; (2) experimental group and control group; (3) intervention measures: the experimental group was given LMWH, while the control group was given placebo or standard heparin or physical therapy; (4) outcomes: perinatal VT events or bleeding events; and (5) randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Jadad scale was used to evaluate the literature quality. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The chi-square test was used to analyze the heterogeneity of the included literature. Subgroup analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plot and Egger test. Results. The incidence of perinatal VT in the LMWH group was lower than that in the control group (

OR
=
0.16

, 95% CI (0.08, 0.32),

P
<
0.00001

). There was no heterogeneity among literatures (

P
=
0.77

,

I

2

=
0
%

) and no publication bias. The incidence of postpartum VT in the LMWH group was lower than that in the control group (

OR
=
0.14

, 95% CI (0.07, 0.30),

P
<
0.00001

). There was no heterogeneity among literatures (

P
=
0.69

,

I

2

=
0
%

) and no publication bias. The incidence of perinatal bleeding in the LMWH group was higher than in the control group (

OR
=
1.72

, 95% CI (1.06, 2.77),

P
=
0.03

). There was no heterogeneity among literatures (

P
=
0.25

,

I

2

=
26
%

) and no publication bias. Conclusion. LMWH can reduce the incidence of perinatal VT in high-risk women but increase the risk of bleeding. The use of LMWH to prevent perinatal VT should be closely monitored.
Dendric Fractal Characteristics of Pores in Anthracite and Their Influences on Gas Adsorption Characteristics
Authors: Wen Zhihui , Jia Bingtao , Wang Jianwei , Ren Jiangang , Wang Qi
Published: July 2022

The characteristics of pores in anthracite from Guhanshan Coal Mine in the Jiaozuo mining area were tested by the mercury injection method. According to the pore size, pores in the coal sample were classified into gas seepage pores and gas adsorption pores which were in line with the stochastic fractal model and the dendric fractal model, respectively. Besides, the fractal characteristics of adsorption pores were analyzed by using a dendric fractal model, and the influence law of the tortuosity fractal dimension

D

t

on the gas adsorption capacity was obtained. The research results show that the amount of mercury injected into each experimental coal sample is directly proportional to its porosity, but has no obvious correlation with specific surface area. Seepage pores with sizes over 65 nm fit the stochastic fractal model, and their fractal dimension

D

increases with the increase of specific surface area. Adsorption pores with sizes of below 65 nm fit the dendric fractal model, and their tortuosity fractal dimension

D

t

is positively correlated with the specific surface area. Through the gas adsorption experiment on coal samples, it is found that a larger

D

t

corresponds to a stronger gas adsorption capacity. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the gas adsorption characteristics of anthracite from a microscopic point of view.
Toxicity Mitigation of Textile Dye Reactive Blue 4 by Hairy Roots of Helianthus annuus and Testing Its Effect in In Vivo Model Systems
Authors: Tungare Kanchanlata , Shahu Rinkey , Zambare Vyankatesh , Agarwal Payal , Jobby Renitta , Nisar Nazima , Alabdallah Nadiyah M. , Al-Saeed Fatimah A. , Johri Parul , Singh Sachidanand , Saeed Mohd , Jha Pamela
Published: July 2022

An anthraquinone textile dye, Reactive Blue 4 (RB4), poses environmental health hazards. In this study, remediation of RB4 (30‐110 ppm) was carried out by hairy roots (HRs). UV‐visible spectroscopy and FTIR analysis showed that the dye undergoes decolourization followed by degradation. In addition, toxicity and safety analyses of the bioremediated dye were performed on Allium cepa and zebrafish embryos, which revealed lesser toxicity of the bioremediated dye as compared to untreated dye. For Allium cepa, the highest concentration, i.e., 110 ppm of the treated dye, showed less chromosomal aberrations with a mitotic index of 8.5 ± 0.5, closer to control. Two‐fold decrease in mortality of zebrafish embryos was observed at the highest treated dye concentration indicating toxicity mitigation. A higher level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was recorded in the zebrafish embryo when exposed to untreated dye, suggesting a possible role of oxidative stress‐inducing mortality of embryos. Further, the level of LPO was significantly normalized along with the other antioxidant enzymes in embryos after dye bioremediation. At lower concentrations, mitigated samples displayed similar antioxidant activity comparable to control underlining the fact that the dye at lesser concentration can be more easily degraded than the dye at higher concentration.
Design of Arbitrary Time Convergence Controller for
n
-th Order System
Authors: Xie Nianhao , Li Kebo , Su Wenshan , Chen Lei
Published: July 2022

A class of arbitrary time convergence controllers based on a special time-varying scaling function provide designers with a good choice to realize prescribed time stable systems. However, these controllers have the problem of conservative control parameter range and lack a uniform formula for systems of different order. Herein, the arbitrary time convergence controller is improved, the unified formula for

n

-th order system is given, and a more accurate control parameter range is obtained. By constructing an ingenious auxiliary function and a novel Lyapunov function, the arbitrary time convergence of the

n

-th order controller is proved, and the reasonable parameter selection range is obtained using the integrator backstepping and the mathematical induction method. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed arbitrary time convergence controllers under saturated input constraints are illustrated through numerical simulations by comparative studies in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formation control.
TMUB1 Correlated with Immune Infiltration Is a Prognostic Marker for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hao Tao , Yu Hanqiang , Huang Daqi , Liu Qian
Published: July 2022

Background. Transmembrane and ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein 1 (TMUB1) is overexpressed in a large number of liver and esophageal tumors. However, only a few reports on the clinical significance of TMUB1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) exist. Methods. Here, we evaluated the clinical significance and potential biological role of TMUB1 using bioinformatics analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship of TMUB1 with clinicopathological features. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the biological function of TMUB1, while any associations between the expression of TMUB1 and the infiltration of 24 immune cells were analyzed using simple-sample GSEA. Results. TMUB1 was significantly overexpressed in CRC tissues compared with normal controls. The high expression of TMUB1 in CRC was associated with T stage, neotype, and residual tumor. Moreover, TMUB1 was identified as an independent factor of poor disease-free survival (DFS) and short overall survival (OS). GSEA demonstrated that TMUB1 was related to hypoxia, angiogenesis, adipogenesis, inflammatory response, IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, apoptosis, mitotic spindle, and IL2-STAT5 signaling. The expression of TMUB1 negatively correlated with the abundance of T helper cells, Tcm cells, macrophages, and Th2 cells, whereas it positively correlated with the abundance of several immune cell types, including CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells. Conclusions. The high expression of TMUB1 is closely related to a poor prognosis in patients with CRC. TMUB1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and be used for therapeutic approaches in CRC.
A Retrospective Study of Lip Hemangiomas: Curative Effect of Oral Propranolol Combined with Topical Sclerotherapy
Authors: Ling Jiaqi , Yang Kun , Huo Ran , Zhang Dongsheng
Published: July 2022

Objective. To analyze the therapeutic effect of oral propranolol combined with sclerotherapy of lauromacrogol and triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of lip infantile hemangiomas (IHs). Methods. We recorded the demographic characteristics and lesions of 56 patients with lip IHs. The efficacy was evaluated by Achauer grade and VAS score in this study. Nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to identify factors that might affect the curative effect of patients, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to further analyze the factors that affect the prognosis of patients with lip IH. Results. All 56 patients improved without serious complications after treatment. Univariate analysis showed that the age of the patients at the time of treatment initiation, the layer, classification, and volume of IH may influence the course and outcome of treatment. The logistic regression analysis further showed that the frequency of topical sclerotherapy was affected by the age of the months at the time of treatment initiation. The final efficacy evaluation was influenced by the age at the beginning of treatment and the layer of IH. Conclusion. Oral propranolol combined with local sclerotherapy is a safe and effective method for treating lip IH. After combination therapy, the therapeutic effect of hemangiomas located in the mucosa and submucosa is better than those located in the skin and superficial subcutaneous fascia. Patients who were younger at treatment initiation received less frequencies of topical sclerotherapy and had better therapeutic effect.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Standardized Clinical Nutrition Diagnosis and Treatment Pathway in Patients with Pulmonary Infection
Authors: Chen Yingyi , Zhang Wenqian , You Qian , Zheng Jie , Hu Wen , Rao Zhiyong
Published: July 2022

Objective. From the perspective of economics, this study discusses the value of establishing a standardized clinical nutrition diagnosis and treatment pathway in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection and provides a reference for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment pathway of pulmonary infection. Methods. The patients who received the nutrition diagnosis and treatment pathway intervention in 2017 were counted as the routine group and were subdivided into the conventional intervention group (C1) and conventional control group (C2) according to whether the standardized nutrition therapy was applied or not. The patients who received the nutrition diagnosis and treatment pathway intervention in 2020 were counted as the experimental group and were subdivided into the experimental intervention group (T1) and the experimental control group (T2) according to whether standardized intervention was applied or not. The total hospitalization expenses, average daily hospitalization cost, nutrition support expenses, plasma albumin before and after nutrition support, readmission, and other indicators of all patients were recorded and compared. The cost-effectiveness ratio (CER), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and cost-effectiveness threshold for cost-effectiveness analysis were adopted. Results. Compared with the C2 group, the C1 group had higher total hospitalization expenses, average daily hospitalization expenses, nutritional support expenses, and plasma albumin improvement rate and lower readmission rate (

P
<
0.001

). Compared with the T2 group, the T1 group had higher total hospitalization cost, average daily hospitalization expenses, nutritional support expenses, and plasma albumin improvement rate and lower readmission rate (

P
<
0.001

). Taking the improvement rate of plasma albumin as the effect index, compared with the C1 group, the T1 group has less investment cost and better effect, and the ICER is negative (below the cost-effect threshold). And taking the readmission rate as the effective index, compared with the C1 group, the T1 group invested less cost and had a better effect, and the ICER was negative (below the cost-effect threshold). Conclusion. For the patients with pulmonary infection, whether the improvement rate of plasma albumin or the readmission rate is used as the impact index, the standardized nutrition diagnosis and treatment pathway in 2020 is more economical than the nonstandardized nutrition diagnosis and treatment pathway.
MRGBP: A New Factor for Diagnosis and Prediction of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Wei Chuang , Chen Xiatian , Li Peifeng
Published: July 2022

MRG‐binding protein (MRGBP) is a transcription factor widely involved in physiological and pathological processes. Many studies have discussed the relationship between the expression level of MRGBP and the prognosis of various malignant tumours. However, the role and clinicopathological significance of MRGBP in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) are unclear. In this study, the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between clinical characteristics and MRGBP expression in HNSC. The Kaplan‐Meier plotter analysis and Cox regression analysis were established to evaluate the effect of MRGBP on prognosis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and nomogram was constructed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were used to analyze the correlation between MRGBP and immune infiltration. The results showed that the expression of MRGBP in HNSC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The KM plotter analysis showed that the OS of HNSC patients was shorter. The multivariate Cox analysis further confirmed that increased expression of MRGBP was an independent risk factor for OS in HNSC patients. In addition, ROC analysis confirmed its diagnostic value and constructed prognostic nomograms, including age, T, M, N classification, pathological stage, and MRGBP. GSEA showed that MRGBP was associated with high expression of GPCR ligand binding, interleukin receptor binding, and neutrophil degranulation, and ssGSEA showed that MRGBP was associated with T cells and mast cells. In conclusion, MRGBP can serve as an independent prognostic biomarker related to immune invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Intravenous Thrombolysis Combined with Arterial Thrombolysis (Bridging Therapy) Effectively Improves Vascular Recanalization Rate in Patients with Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Huo Junting , Li Wei , Liu Yu
Published: July 2022

Objective. To explore the efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis combined with arterial thrombolysis (bridging therapy) in patients with acute cerebral infarction and its effect on serum inflammatory factors. Methods. The case data of 138 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment plan they received, patients were assigned to two groups, namely, an observation group (

n
=
71

) treated with bridging therapy and a control group (

n
=
67

) treated with intravenous thrombolysis alone. The following indexes were recorded and compared between the two groups: treatment efficacy, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, activities of daily living, incidence rates of vascular recanalization, intracranial hemorrhage and reembolization after treatment, levels of inflammatory factors before and after treatment, levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) before and 1 week after treatment, and modified Rankin Scale scores 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Results. Compared with the control group, the therapeutic efficacy, neurological function, activities of daily living, and vascular recanalization were markedly better in the observation group (

P
>
0.05

). In addition, the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and reembolization was statistically lower in the observation group (

P
<
0.05

). No marked difference was found between the two groups in terms of pretreatment serum inflammatory factors and coagulation function (

P
>
0.05

), while the above indicators improved statistically after treatment in both groups, with comparatively more obvious improvement in the observation group. It was also observed that, compared with the control group, the modified Rankin Scale score in the observation group was significantly better at 3 and 6 months after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Bridging therapy can improve the vascular recanalization rate among patients suffering from acute cerebral infarction, reduce the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and reembolization, and improve the prognosis and neurological function of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.
Italian Version of the Internet Self-Efficacy Scale: Internal and External Validation
Authors: Guazzini Andrea , Serritella Elena , La Gamma Martina , Duradoni Mirko
Published: July 2022

Online activities are a fundamental part of daily life in this digital era and Internet self-efficacy (ISE) became a central construct for the psychologists of virtual environments. The Internet Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Kim and Glassman (2013) is a recent, valid, and reliable 17-item test to assess the ISE. The aim of this research, composed by two studies, was to translate and validate the Italian version of the ISS. In study 1, we evaluated the factorial validity and internal consistency of the Italian version of the ISS on 3724 individuals. In study 2, we tested the ISS external validity relying on the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the Internet Addiction Scale (IAS) based on the answers of 244 participants. The findings supported the reliability and validity of the translated ISS and its use for assessing ISE on the Italian population. Implications for researchers and interventions are also discussed.
Research on the Application of Multimodal-Based Machine Learning Algorithms to Water Quality Classification
Authors: Xin Lei , Mou Tianyu
Published: July 2022

With the development of society and the accelerated industrialization, the problem of water pollution has become increasingly prominent. In order to stop the gathering and diffusion of harmful substances in water bodies, leading to further deterioration of water quality and more serious environmental problems, environmental management departments have developed a series of pollutant discharge standards to prevent water pollution in real time. Common testing methods are the colorimetric method and TDS (total dissolved solids) value testing method, which are mostly through water bodies that contain acid, alkali, salt, and other indicators of the concentration test, to produce an assessment of water quality. However, the traditional methods of water quality testing, whether in the measurement time or in the accuracy of the test, are certain defects. In order to be able to quickly detect the concentration of water quality indicators in water bodies, timely response and treatment of highly polluted water bodies are urgently needed. In this paper, we propose a water quality detection classification model based on multimodal machine learning algorithm. Firstly, we preprocessed and analyzed the collected water quality dataset and determined the reasonable and perfect water quality classification influencing factors. Then, we successively built 15 kinds of classification models based on machine learning algorithms for water quality detection. At the same time, we evaluated the performance of each model. From the four evaluation indexes of precision, recall rate, F1 value, and accuracy, respectively, the real value is compared with the predicted value of each model. The experimental results show that sulfate, pH, solids, and hardness are the important influencing factors to perform water quality testing. And the three models XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting), CatBoost (Categorical Boosting), and LGBM (Light Gradient Boosting Machine) have better performances in conducting water quality testing. Finally, we further optimized the classification models based on XGBoost, CatBoost, and LGBM by using two major tools: cross-validation and hyperparameter tuning.
Measure

ω
,
c

-Pseudo-Almost Periodic Functions and Lasota-Wazewska Model with Ergodic and Unbounded Oscillating Oxygen Demand
Authors: Larrouy James , N’Guérékata Gaston M.
Published: July 2022

The primary aim of this work is to introduce a new class of functions called

μ

-

ω
,
c

-pseudo-almost periodic functions. Using the measure theory, we generalize in a natural way some recent works and study some properties of those

μ

-

ω
,
c

-pseudo-almost periodic functions including two new composition results which play a crucial role for the existence of some

μ

-

ω
,
c

-pseudo-almost periodic solutions of certain semilinear differential equations and partial differential equations. We also investigate the existence and uniqueness of the

μ

-

ω
,
c

-pseudo-almost periodic solutions for some models of Lasota-Wazewska equation with measure

ω
,
c

-pseudo-almost periodic coefficient and mixed delays.