bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developmental expression patterns of genes mutated in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Kondakova E. V. , Gavrish M. S. , Filat’eva A. E. , Tarabykin V. S.
Published: May 2024

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders with diverse manifestations, such as microcephaly, structural brain abnormalities, epilepsy, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorders [1]. Although relatively rare, each type of NDDs represents a significant population of neurological patients. The global prevalence of NDDs exceeds 15% [2]. NDDs typically arise from molecular cascades that are highly regulated and disrupted by either gene mutations or environmental factors. The genetic basis of a substantial proportion of such disorders is hard to discern given that not all are inherited according to Mendelian principles and involve allelic variations from multiple genes. However, roughly 40% of NDDs are believed to be caused by the disruption of a single gene, indicating monogenic conditions. [3]
Understanding and predicting the physiological function of a protein encoded by a specific gene, determining its interactions with other proteins, and investigating the role of the gene in organ and tissue development requires a close examination of its expression. Thus, a crucial initial step in researching genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders is to investigate the expression patterns of these genes in the mouse brain at various embryonic developmental stages.
In situ RNA hybridization was used to analyze gene expression patterns in slices of mouse brain tissue. Fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde/phosphate-buffered saline/diethylpyrocarbonate mouse brain samples at embryonic (E12.5, E15.5, E18.5) and postnatal (P1, P21) developmental stages were sectioned using a Leica CM1520 cryostat with 15 µm slice thickness. Next, we conducted in situ hybridization of cellular mRNA using DIG-dUTP-labeled RNA probes that were previously synthesized by PCR with cDNA and gene-specific primers. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate/nitroblue tetrazolium (BCIP/NBT) was used, which produces an insoluble dark blue or purple sediment visible under a light microscope by reaction with alkaline phosphatase, to visualize the localization of mRNA expression in tissues.
The study examined the expression of a member of the CCDC gene family which encodes proteins involved in intercellular transmembrane signal transduction. In situ hybridization was performed on mouse brain slices, revealing significant mRNA expression of the gene in the cerebral cortex. Additionally, mouse knockout experiments are planned to investigate the gene’s role in brain development.
Open catheterization of the peripheral vein. Relevance and benefits
Authors: Gavshchuk Maksim V. , Bagaturiya Georgii O. , Lisovskii Oleg V. , Kosulin Artem V. , Chepelev Alexander S. , Melnikova Ekaterina A.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: There are situations where the walls of peripheral veins collapse due to hypovolemia and hypotension, and central venous catheterization or intraosseous access is undesirable due to significant hypocoagulation and high risk of iatrogenic complications. In such cases, venesection on the upper or lower limb can be the preferred procedure for ensuring venous access.
AIM: The aim of this study is to compare the possibilities of peripheral vascular access through venesection with open catheterization using modern catheters in an experiment on laboratory animals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Under combined anesthesia, venesection of the superficial jugular vein was performed on 6 rabbits. During the surgery and in the early postoperative period, intravenous infusions were administered through a catheter. The catheter was removed 1 day after the surgery. In the postoperative period, the rabbits received physiological nutrition, care, and dressings until the sutures were removed. On the 7th day after the surgery, an ultrasound examination of the surgical area was conducted to assess the patency of the vein. The rabbits were euthanized on the 14th, 28th, and 37th day after the surgery for subsequent pathological and anatomical examination.
RESULTS: All the installed catheters for intravenous infusions functioned until removal at 1 day post-intervention. Postoperative wounds healed by primary intention, and sutures were removed on the 7th day after surgery. According to the results of ultrasonographic examination and data from pathological-anatomical investigation, no complications were detected in the venesection area in all cases, and macroscopically, the jugular veins of all operated rabbits were patent.
CONCLUSIONS: Open catheterization of the peripheral vein allows access for infusions and preserves the vessel for further use. For a correct understanding of the vascular access method with vein crossing and ligation, it is advisable to avoid terminological distortion of meaning and use the term “catheterization by venesection”. Open catheterization is an alternative to traditional venesection catheterization and may be recommended if percutaneous venous catheterization and intraosseous access are not possible.
Lysosomal storage diseases. Sphingolipidoses – leukodystrophy
Authors: Gorbunova Victoria N. , Buchinskaia Natalia V. , Vechkasova Anastasia O. , Kruglova Varvara S.
Published: May 2024

Epidemiological, clinical, biochemical and molecular-genetic characteristics of lysosomal leukodystrophies are presented, which include metachromatic leukodystrophy, globoid cell leukodystrophy, or Krabbe disease, combined saposin and multiple sulfatase deficiency. The pathogenesis of metachromatic and globoid cell leukodystrophy is based on hereditary deficiency of two lysosomal enzymes — arylsulfatase A and galactocerebrosidase, accompanied by excessive accumulation of galactosphingosulfatides and galactosylceramide, respectively. The consequence of this is demyelination of the central and peripheral nervous system and damage to the white matter of the brain. Experimental models show effectiveness of pathogenetic approaches, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy, only if treatment is started before the development of severe neurological anomalies. In this regard, neonatal screening methods for these two forms of leukodystrophy are being developed, which have been particularly successful in the early diagnosis of Krabbe disease. For each of the two leukodystrophies (metachromatic and globoid cell), rare genetic variants have been described due to the absence of activator proteins for arylsulfatase A and galactocerebrosidase (saposins B and C), respectively, due to specific mutations in the gene of the precursor of saposins, prosaposin (PSPA). Mutations in the PSPA gene resulting in the absence of all four saposins (A, D, C and D) are the cause of combined saposin deficiency, characterized by the development of severe neurological disorders soon after birth and death before the age of 1 year. The pathogenesis of multiple sulfatase deficiency is based on the accumulation of sulfatides, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, sphingolipids, and steroid sulfates, caused by inactivating mutations in the SUMF1 gene of the sulfatase-modifying factor 1 involved in the biosynthesis of all sulfatases. The disease is characterized by a combined manifestation of metachromatic leukodystrophy and mucopolysaccharidosis in combination with severe neurological disorders, mental retardation, sensorineural hearing loss and ichthyosis. Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis, management and therapy of combined saposin and multiple sulfatase deficiency have not yet been developed. The article presents a description of a clinical case of Krabbe disease in a child observed in the medical genetic center of St. Petersburg.
Vestibular system and human cognitive functions
Authors: Efimova Victoria  L. , Volkova Irina P.
Published: May 2024

The article is a review of scientific research on the influence of the vestibular system on human cognitive functions. The vestibular apparatus is well studied. Research in recent decades using functional tomography techniques has shown that it has extensive connections with the subcortical and cortical structures of the brain that provide cognitive activity. Hypotheses are put forward that the conduction and processing of bioelectric impulses by the brain, which are recorded by the vestibular apparatus, creates the necessary background for the course of all cognitive processes. The vestibular apparatus has connections with the limbic system, hippocampus, striatum and neocortex. Therefore, vestibular dysfunctions can reduce the ability to learn, cause impaired attention, memory, executive functions, cause disorientation, and affect stress levels. An urgent area of research is the study of the influence of vestibular sensory reactivity on children’s learning ability. This influence has long been underestimated, since it was generally assumed that motor and cognitive development occur independently of each other. The mechanisms linking vestibular dysfunction with cognitive impairment have not yet been sufficiently studied. Further studies are needed to assess the possible impact of vestibular dysfunctions on attention, memory, and speech. Such studies are already underway. Their results are most relevant for patients with neurodegenerative disorders and for children with special needs.
Neighbourhood safety and academic performance: the role of student gender and family socioeconomic status
Authors: Ali N. , Daraz U. , Ibrahim . , Hussain M. , Khan Y. , Ali S.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Neighbourhood safety is directly linked to the level of disadvantage in the area of residence. Aim. The present research aimed to examine the impact of neighbourhood safety on the academic performance of secondary school students, taking into account gender and socioeconomic background. Methodology and research methods. The current study used a quantitative cross-sectional study design. Data were collected from 448 secondary school students on a voluntary basis. Chi-square and Kendall’s Tau-c (Tc) tests were used to analyse the data and determine the relationship and strength of direction between variables. Results. The findings indicated a significant and positive association between children’s academic performance and neighbourhood crime safety (P < 0.05, Tc = 0.202), as well as feeling safe, walking in the neighbourhood during the day or night (P < 0.05, Tc = 0.127). However, bullying and harassment in the neighbourhood were found to be significantly and negatively associated with academic performance (P > 0.05, Tc = -0.053). When introducing family socioeconomic status as a control variable, the results indicated variation in academic performance in relation to neighbourhood safety. When controlling for student gender, neighbourhood safety had no different effects on academic performance. The findings showed that, in relation to neighbourhood safety, children from families with higher socioeconomic status academically outperform children from lower socioeconomic status families. Scientific novelty. The study not only focused on the connection between neighbourhood safety and academic performance but was also unique in the sense that it also dealt with differences in academic performance based on gender and family socioeconomic level. Practical significance. The study produces a number of interesting conclusions and makes valuable recommendations for significant stakeholders. The primary study recommendations aim is to create a secure, supportive, and protective neighbourhood environment by enforcing the law and encouraging community involvement in order to reduce the threat of crime, violence, and harassment.
Use of Mepilex Border Dressing to Prevent Skin Pressure Injuries
Authors:   , Ishler Mark , Poyss Alicemarie R.
Published: May 2024

Pressure injuries in hospitals around the nation continue to be an ongoing problem. Billions of dollars are spent every year correcting hospital acquired pressure injuries. The purpose of this quality improvement study is to find a solution that can reduce the amount of pressure injuries being reported in an Electrophysiology Laboratory at an acute care hospital. By reducing the amount of pressure injuries, we will also see an overall cost reduction for inpatient care, decreased length of stay for patients who acquired a pressure injury, and increased patient satisfaction. A PDSA (Plan Do Study Act) problem solving model will be used to facilitate a new intervention to prevent future pressure injuries. A sacral Mepilex dressing will be applied to patients with a Braden Scale score of less than 13. Once data is collected from the quality improvement project, the determination to alter the model can be used to make the intervention more effective if the results are not favorable. The results of the PDSA showed no new pressure injuries occurred in patients with a Braden Scale score of <13 that underwent a surgical procedure for three or more hours. Data was recorded over a two-week period. In that timeframe, 149 patients meeting the criteria agreed to the study. A two-nurse skin check was administered to confirm the findings. The clinical implications of this evidence indicate that prophylactically adding a sacral Mepilex dressing prior to a surgical procedure, exceeding three hours, can help in the prevention of hospital acquired pressure injuries. Keywords: pressure injury, Mepilex, surgery, patient, quality improvement, PDSA
Is Healthcare Waste and Overutilization Taught In Medical School
Authors:   , Bergman Andrew L. , Rundio Al
Published: May 2024

Overutilization and waste in healthcare are increasingly being recognized as leading causes of physical and financial harm to patients in the United States. Unnecessary services are being touted as one of the main contributors to this waste. An examination of excessive costs and the overutilization of the US healthcare system was undertaken. This process commenced with a literature review of 30 studies utilizing GOOGLE Scholar and PUBMED applying excessive medical cost/healthcare-overutilization subject headings. The goal was to focus on the commonalities of these different studies to identify some of the major problems resulting in financial waste and overutilization. A web-based survey of 20 questions was developed to ascertain if the issue of healthcare waste and overutilization was covered in any medical school course or continuing education of current critical care attending physicians and fellows. There were also questions to gain insight if any education covered the negative aspects of this phenomenon in medical school or continuing education. Key Words: Healthcare Overutilization, Excessive Medical Costs.
Female Patients with Healthcare Disparities Assessment of Physician Communication Style and the Potential Impact on Care
Authors:   , Taylor Dionne A. , Perry Constance K. , Lorman William J
Published: May 2024

When showing up to a hospital or doctor's office for an appointment, the main goal is to receive all pertinent information about your health, whether it's a definitive diagnosis, second opinion, referral to a specialist, treatment plan options, or even palliative care options. However, certain patients, particularly those categorized as having healthcare disparities do not always feel they adequately receive this pertinent medical information regarding their health, due to a lack of effective communication between them and their physician. This study will focus on gaining the patient's assessment on how effectively they believe their physician communicates with them during a visit and if they believe their care was adversely impacted by this style of communication. A secondary focal point that will also be discussed is racial disparities and if the patient's race may also play a part in the way information is communicated to them.
Artificial Intelligence, Reciprocal Symmetry, and Customer Relationship Management: A Paradigm Shift in Business
Authors: Mullangi Kishore , Maddula Sai Sirisha , Shajahan Mohamed Ali , Sandu Arun Kumar
Published: May 2024

This article examines how combining reciprocal symmetry, artificial intelligence (AI), and customer relationship management (CRM) might change corporate paradigms and promote long-term growth. Investigating the convergence of AI and reciprocal symmetry principles within CRM, examining AI's role in fostering customer-centric relationships, and identifying policy implications for responsible AI use in business practices are the main goals of this study. This study's methodology uses a secondary data-based review strategy to synthesize industry reports, academic publications, and current literature to analyze the conceptual framework and real-world applications of AI-driven CRM tactics integrated with the concepts of reciprocal symmetry. Important discoveries show that combining reciprocal symmetry and AI improves personalization, encourages team-based innovation, and puts customers' needs first in CRM. However, to guarantee safe AI adoption in commercial contexts, issues like data privacy consequences and ethical considerations highlight the necessity for explicit regulations and guidelines. The policy implications underscore the significance of formulating legislation that protects consumer rights, encourages ethical AI implementation, and sets benchmarks for AI-powered CRM procedures. The study highlights the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and reciprocal symmetry to drive a paradigm shift in corporate relationships and innovation towards a customer-centric approach.
Variáveis Influenciadoras nos Voos de Foguetes Artesanais: Uma alternativa para o Ensino
Authors: Gomes Garcia Sousa Ithalo , Araujo da Silva Enilson
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho visa contribuir para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, ao propor um produto didático por meio de atividades com foguetes artesanais que despertam o interesse dos alunos em conhecimentos científicos. A pesquisa tem como foco identificar o perfil ideal de um foguete artesanal para alcançar um amplo alcance horizontal em voo estável, sendo conduzida com experimentos envolvendo base de lançamentos em tubo de metal e tubos de PVC, foguetes de formatos variados com estrutura de PET, e lançamentos por reação química entre bicarbonato de sódio e vinagre. Ao longo do estudo, são analisados fenômenos ambientais, físicos e químicos, bem como a influência das cargas úteis nos voos. As conclusões apontam para benefícios no ensino de Ciências da Natureza e Matemática, com uma experiência que contextualiza a teoria de forma prática e estimulante.
A cadaveric study of superior sagittal sinus and its draining veins among population in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Arumugam Ananda , Thillynathan Vicnesh , Velayudhan Dewaraj , Hiu Jessie , Abdelwahab Emad. M.N
Published: May 2024

The superior sagittal sinus and its draining veins are important venous structures that pose a formidable obstacle to surgical management. It is crucial and essential for the surgeon to acquire the knowledge of the normal course and variations of the sinus and its draining veins. This helps in pre-operative planning and execution of pre-operative measures or manoeuvres needed to minimize blood loss or intra-operative injuries to the sinus.

This study was conducted to delineate the microsurgical anatomy of the superior sagittal sinus to look for any variations among Sabah people as compared to the general studies available. This study was based on dissection of fresh cadavers.

Thirty fresh cadavers were examined in Forensic Department, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Sabah between August 2020 to June 2021. They were anatomically analysed and studied through a data collection sheet. All data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS).

The study revealed that male was predominantly significant and forty-three percent were of Bajau race. Fifty percent of cadavers were around the 50-60 years old age group. The position of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) was variable and within 1cm distance from the midline. The origin of SSS varied from at the foramen caecum to posterior from the foramen caecum. The total length of SSS averages around 321-351mm.

The number of draining veins on the right and left side of SSS were divided into anterior, middle and posterior components with an average of three to six veins respectively on each side. The number of venous lacunae on the right and left side of SSS were divided as well into anterior, middle and posterior components with an average of one to two venous lacunae on each side respectively.

The central sulcus was located 48.87mm posterior to coronal suture and 131.1mm anterior to the lambdoid suture. The Trolard vein was located 53.56mm posterior to coronal suture and 127.36mm anterior to the lambdoid suture. The Trolard vein was situated in average 3.68mm posterior to central sulcus and predominantly drains into the venous lacuna. Ninety percent of SSS terminate on the right of the transverse sinus. The position of torcula varies from the location on the external occipital protuberance to slightly on the right side of the external occipital protuberance.

This study shows that anatomical landmarks among the local population did not differ significantly from that reported by other studies throughout the world. Therefore, the basic neurosurgical principles and craniometric points outlined universally is applicable to this population without the need for any modifications.
A systematic review on prosthodontic rehabilitation of hemimandibulectomy patients
Authors: Soni Aishwarya , Damade Shreyans , Parlani Swapnil , Bisen Aishwarya
Published: May 2024

To restore oral function after tumor excision, practitioners must undertake the enormous challenge of restoring hemimandibulectomy deficits.

Depending on the type and extent of mandibular reconstruction (Cantor-Curtis classification), there are many prosthetic treatment options available for the rehabilitation of acquired hemimandibulectomy abnormalities.

The objective of this systematic study is to evaluate the range of prosthodontic rehabilitation techniques in relation to the kind of repair and severity of mandibular surgical abnormalities.

The databases incorporated for literature search were Google Scholar and Medline (PubMed). Relevant search terms for hemimandibulectomy and reconstruction with prosthetic rehabilitation were used.

Two reviewers independently assessed the articles using eligibility criteria; published case reports and case series in the English language and depicting prosthodontic treatment modality of patients greater than 13 years were included.

A total of 212 records were identified from the database search of which 29 duplicates were removed.

The remaining articles were assessed for eligibility, and 50 articles (comprising 50 cases) were finally included in the study.

This review identified a number of prosthetic options, including some novel prosthetic techniques, guiding flange, twin occlusion, palatal ramp, conventional to hybrid partial and complete dentures, and implant-supported prosthesis.

The prosthetic options covered in this review included implant-supported prosthesis, guide flange, dual occlusion, palatal ramp, conventional, hybrid, and full dentures, as well as a few cutting-edge prosthetic techniques.

As they plan and manage sequential therapy for hemimandibulectomy cases in their daily practice, practitioners and prosthodontists will find this helpful.
Does addition of intravitreal bevacizumab confer additional benefit in management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
Authors: Radhakrishnan Natasha , Pillai Gopal S , Kandula Pooja , Nair Mira
Published: May 2024

To evaluate visual outcome and complications of PDR after treatment with Intravitreal Bevacizumab followed by Pan Retinal Photocoagulation

A hospital based retrospective study was done in the Department of Ophthalmology, to evaluate visual outcome and complications of PDR after treatment with intravitreal Bevacizumab followed by Pan Retinal Photocoagulation. Visual Acuity, Dilated fundus examination, OCT macula were done on subsequent follow ups

135 eyes of 133 patients were included in the study.The mean pre procedure visual acuity is 0.639±0.5327 which improved to 0.451±0.4089 post procedure. P value is <0.001 which is statistically significant.i.e, 94 (69.62%) eyes had improved vision, 21(15.55%) had stable vision and 20(14.81%) eyes had decreased vision. After injection followed by PRP out of 135 eyes,4(2.96%) eyes developed vitreous hemorrhage which resolved with repeat intravitreal anti-VEGF injection, 6(4.44%) eyes developed diabetic macular edema,3(2.2%) eyes developed Neovascularisation of iris and 4(2.96%)eyes developed vitreous hemorrhage with traction retinal detachment.

From our study it appears that addition of intravitreal anti VEGF to Pan Retinal Photocoagulation for PDR confers the additional benefit of less incidence of vitreous hemorrhage and less incidence of traction retinal detachment requiring surgery in the 1 one year of follow up. This amounts to more compliance by the patient for taking the treatment as well as better visual outcome
Eyes of empowerment: A case study on the impact of custom ocular prosthesis in restoring quality of life
Authors: Bisen Aishwarya , Parlani Swapnil , Damade Shreyans , Samom Mineshor , Telang Palak
Published: May 2024

Ocular prostheses serve as invaluable tools in restoring both visual symmetry and psychological well-being for individuals who have experienced ocular defects. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the fabrication and placement of custom acrylic ocular prosthesis in a 39-year-old male patient who suffered left eye loss following a traumatic accident. The patient's history underscores the profound impact of ocular trauma on self-image and quality of life, highlighting the importance of prosthetic rehabilitation. Meticulous attention was paid to every step of the fabrication process, including impression taking, color matching, and fitting, to ensure optimal aesthetic outcome and functionality. The successful placement of the prosthesis resulted in significant improvements in the patient's confidence and overall well-being. This case report emphasizes the approach required for successful ocular prosthetic rehabilitation and underscores the transformative impact of custom ocular prostheses in restoring quality of life for individuals with ocular defects.
An ophthalmologic overview of pituitary adenoma
Authors: Suman Arvind Kumar , Singh Suyash , Gupta Shruti , Jotdar Arijit , Kapoor Dhruv
Published: May 2024

Pituitary adenomas are the most common tumours of the sellar region. They generally have a slow but severe impact on vision due to compression of the optic nerves, optic chiasm and cavernous sinus. They can have varied presentation depending on the size, location and extension of the mass and its relation to the surrounding structures. This 8 case series reviews the clinical presentation, varied visual field defects, histopathological and neuroimaging findings and the management of the pituitary adenomas.
Diagnóstico institucional para la atención integral del intento de suicidio en un hospital pediátrico
Authors: Casas Muñoz Abigail , Rodríguez-Caballero Aarón , Velasco-Rojano Ángel Eduardo Eduardo , Sánchez-Guerrero Oscar Sánchez , Molina-Valdespino Diana , Esquivel-Acevedo Juan Antonio , Ramos-Lara Guadalupe Adriana , García-Piña Corina Araceli , Palestina-Hernández Maribel , Hernández-Hernández Angélica María , Castillo-Cruz Rocio Aidee
Published: May 2024

Objetivo. el objetivo de este artículo es describir los hallazgos del diagnóstico situacional realizado a una institución de tercer nivel, para identificar las necesidades y áreas de oportunidad para la atención de las conductas suicidas en niñas, niños y adolescentes (NNA), para facilitar la transición a los cambios de la nueva Ley General de Salud (LGS) en materia de atención a la salud mental.
Material y métodos. El estudio se realizó en tres fases. Primero, mediante 40 entrevistas semiestructuradas al personal involucrado en la atención de las conductas suicidas se identificaron: 1) las áreas y personas implicadas en la atención y 2) las necesidades para brindar atención integral. Después, mediante búsqueda de la literatura se identificaron seis riesgos físicos y se realizaron recorridos por las áreas de atención. Finalmente se realizaron propuestas para iniciar la atención de las áreas de oportunidad.
Resultados. Se identificaron 18 áreas y 35 puestos de personas involucradas en la atención. Las necesidades identificadas fueron: 1) Espacios físicos y riesgos físicos; 2) Sistematización, procesos, protocolos y modelos de atención; 3) Sensibilización y capacitación al personal; 4) Generación de evidencia científica; 5) Desarrollo de estrategias de prevención.
Conclusión. Diversas áreas y puestos de personas estuvieron involucrados en la atención de las conductas suicidas. Las necesidades institucionales identificadas estuvieron relacionadas con cinco categorías. Contar con un diagnóstico institucional, nos permitió iniciar a tomar acción para la implementación de las nuevas políticas y perspectivas incluidas en la LGS en materia de atención a la salud mental.
“Turkized Officers”: Personal Dimension of Inter-Imperial Coalition Coperation
Authors: Lannik Leonty
Published: May 2024

German military missions in the Ottoman Empire had a strategic effect on international relations before 1914 and especially on the course of the Great War. Despite the huge amount of literature on relevant issues, there is still a need for additional sources. This is caused by the formulation of new research problems, the definite necessity to rethink the assessments and opinions that have developed and are uncritically translated from number of memoirs. The specifics of interethnic interaction dictate the importance of taking into account subjective factors, the evaluation of the successes and failures of the coalition warfare of the Central Powers cannot be based exclusively on statistics. Based on a significant amount of unpublished materials of personal origin, it is possible to reconstruct a detailed picture of the problems and prospects of German-Ottoman interaction related to the daily history of the military elites of both countries and the peculiarities of decision-making that determined the fate of not only Turkey and Germany, but also the rest of the key participants in the First World War to a much greater extent than is commonly believed.
THE LATEST SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEYS IN UKRAINE AS A DATABASE IN LINGUISTIC AND CONFLICT STUDIES
Authors: Yarotska Galyna S.
Published: May 2024

The object of this research is sociolinguistic surveys as a source of information in resolving linguistic conflicts, which we understand as a clash of national and linguistic interests of representatives of different language communities due to the inequality of language statuses within a bilingual or multilingual society. The subject of the study is the language issue in Ukraine, which has been used by political elites during election campaigns throughout the years of independence to mobilise their electorate and speculate. According to many researchers, the language issue in Ukraine is directly related to the definition of national identity, so sociolinguistic surveys include questions about national identity, among other things. The purpose of this paper is to try to determine the correlations between the political and ideological agenda in the country and the results of the polls. Of course, the Russian aggression could not but affect the language issue in the country. Along with the influence of official political and ideological discourses, the so-called agency is beginning to influence language policy in the country, as language activists or agents are involved in language disputes, which has been the subject of separate scientific studies in European and domestic works. Results. By comparing the results of sociolinguistic surveys throughout the years of independence, scholars are trying to identify social trends in resolving language conflicts. However, political elites continue to use the language issue to divide society, despite the fact that sociolinguistic data show that the language issue was secondary for Ukrainians, at least in the pre-war period. Conclusions. Even the optimistic results of the surveys, which do confirm the existence of certain, but not so significant, differences between the linguistic orientations of different parts of the Ukrainian population, do not provide guarantees of conflict-free coexistence on linguistic grounds, since competition between political elites can again present the language issue as a conflictogenic one and people’s views as polarised and uncompromising through the construction of relevant political and ideological discourses.
STRATEGIES OF COGNITIVE IMAGES TRANSLATION IN FAIRY TALES (WESTERN AND EASTERN SLAVIC INTERCULTURAL PARALLELS)
Authors: Tyshchenko Oleh V. , Figedyová Marianna
Published: May 2024

The object is the semantic-grammatical and figurative-cognitive structure of phraseological analogues and fixed comparisons (in Czech and Slovak fairy tale texts) is traced in detail, taking into account their transformations in translation and types of interlingual phraseological equivalents, cases of replacement of phrases and paraphrases by non-phraseological contexts are explicated, and vice versa, the use of figurative signs and idioms in the target text that are not present in the original text (units with spatial semantics, emotion metaphors, folklorems and cognitems related to social and marriage concepts) are analysed. The purpose of this article is the differences in the figurative and conceptual structure, some initial, medial and final formulas in parallel texts and in comparison with other linguistic cultures, in particular Ukrainian and Polish fairy tale discourse (the concept of the Way, the journey, typical for fairy tales) are briefly described. Conclusions: Differences can also be traced at the level of semantic variation in the ways of expressing the difficult tasks and ordeals of the heroes, for example, the idea of the impossible or certain pragmatic formulas and constructions. These and other transformations of plots and motifs are typical of fairy tales in different linguistic cultures.
This gives grounds to refer to them as peculiar cognitems. Where relevant, authors provides ethnocultural comments on the motivation of the images, their connection with traditional folk culture, ritual and customary representations of a particular ethnic group, and highlights the specifics of the rendering of these cultural realia, the symbolic function of objects and characters in the compared languages (verbalisation of the concepts of old age, unmarriedness, laziness, ways of phraseological representation of the semantic opposition of friend and foe, good and evil, clean and dirty, etc.).
*The study is published with the support of the international grant project Erasmus+ KA220-HED No. 2021–1-SK01-KA220-HED-000022917 entitled The innovation of the concept and curriculum of doctoral study programs and increasing their effectiveness.
Primer registro de lesiones epiteliales sugerentes de Fibropapilomatosis en tortugas Golfinas (Lepi-dochelys olivacea) anidadoras en Baja California Sur, México
Authors: Vega Hernández Alexei , Fernandez-Sanz Helena , Colin Abilene , Mancini Agnese , Guevara-Franco José Alfredo , Reséndiz Eduardo
Published: May 2024

En este estudio, se identificaron y caracterizaron macroscópicamente lesiones proliferativas epiteliales presentes en tortugas golfinas (Lepidochelys olivacea) anidadoras en playa El Suspiro, Baja California Sur, México, durante la temporada 2022. De junio a diciembre, se realizaron 123 recorridos diurnos y nocturnos. Durante este periodo se observaron 419 golfinas anidadoras, de las cuales 8 presentaron lesiones proliferativas epiteliales sugerentes de Fibropapilomatosis. Estos 8 organismos midieron en promedio 66.43 ± 3.13 cm de largo curvo de caparazón y presentaron un total de 51 lesiones sugerentes de fibropapilomatosis, con grado 1, 2 y 3 de severidad. La prevalencia de tortugas con estas lesiones fue de 0.019 %, la tasa de incidencia de las lesiones fue de 0.069 y la incidencia acumulada fue de 0.019. La presencia de lesiones sugerentes de fibropapillomatosis en las tortugas golfinas anidadoras en esta zona indica un factor de riesgo adicional que puede contribuir al declive de las poblaciones de esta especie. La información generada sustenta la importancia de incluir las evaluaciones de salud en los monitoreos de tortugas marinas en México, ayuda a fortalecer los planes de manejo y a desarrollar nuevas estrategias de conservación para estos organismos y sus hábitats.
Podjetništvo za trajnostno prihodnost: GEM Slovenija 2023
Authors: Širec Karin , Tominc Polona , Crnogaj Katja , Rus Matej , Bradač Hojnik Barbara
Published: May 2024

Raziskava GEM ponuja poglobljeno analizo različnih družbenih, kulturnih, političnih in ekonomskih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na podjetniško okolje in podjetniško aktivnost, ter predstavlja celovit okvir za razumevanje nacionalnih podjetniških razmer. Ti dejavniki imajo ključno vlogo pri oblikovanju podjetniških ambicij posameznikov in uspešnosti ustanavljanja ter delovanja podjetij. Raziskava s tem zagotavlja neprimerljiv vpogled v nacionalno podjetništvo in njegove značilnosti ter presega informacije, ki so na voljo v drugih statističnih virih. Raziskava namreč vključuje tudi odnos posameznikov in družbe do podjetništva ter želje in usposobljenost ljudi za podjetništvo, v vseh fazah podjetniškega procesa. S proučevanjem teh vidikov v različnih državah, GEM ugotavlja ključna gonila in ovire za podjetništvo, kar zainteresiranim stranem omogoča, da razvijajo podporni podjetniški ekosistem. Monografija se dotika tudi vse večje povezave med podjetniškimi prizadevanji in trajnostnim razvojem. V raziskavi je poudarjen pomen trajnostnega razvoja kot integralnega dela podjetniške miselnosti in prakse v Sloveniji, kar je ključno za spodbujanje inovativnosti, konkurenčnosti in dolgoročne blaginje v družbi.
Los desafíos de la universidad en la construcción de nuevos conocimientos, capacidades y habilidades Universidad y prospectiva de la educación superior
Authors: López Rivas Óscar Hugo , Solares Castillo Emilsa , Cortez Sic José Enrique
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: La educación, en el ámbito universitario, tiene muchos retos y desafíos, máxime con la invasión aplanadora de una globalización y mundialización que requiere y demanda hacer transformaciones trascendentales y significativas en su quehacer cotidiano. La universidad, como institución de educación superior, tal es el caso de la Universidad de san Carlos de Guatemala (USAC), tiene una misión determinada, donde fija su mirada en tres ejes centrales: docencia, investigación y extensión universitaria. Esos pilares en los cuales se sostiene dan la pauta para abrirse a nuevas oportunidades, que le permiten responder a una problemática no sólo nacional, sino que, también regional y mundial.
Originalidad/aporte: La universidad debe estar alerta y atenta a ese llamado con una mirada en prospectiva, sin perder de vista, la mirada retrospectiva, que deja grandes lecciones aprendidas para dar paso, a un escenario futuro, lleno de esperanza para una juventud que está ansiosa por adentrarse a caminos inhóspitos, pero que, a la vez, la devoran con las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación. El propósito de este artículo radica en analizar acerca del papel que tiene la universidad en el siglo XXI, de acuerdo con los cambios en los cuales se inserta la educación superior y cuál sería el nuevo arquetipo de una educación universitaria que demanda la inserción de cambios. 
Método: revisión de un marco filosófico, que reviste la misión y visión, como el componente axiológico; un marco académico. De la misma manera, apuesta a una reflexión académica, dirigir preocupación con los diferentes actores de la comunidad académica, con la intención de que se establezcan espacios de diálogos académicos.
Estrategias/recolección de información: Consistieron en la utilización de las técnicas, tales como: Análisis textual o de contenido, que permitió investigar los distintos puntos de vista documentales para llegar a una reflexión. Análisis de sitios web, para recopilar información relevante, dada la producción de material vinculado con el estudio.  Revisión documental, que permite evaluar los documentos para verificar su validez y confiabilidad de su contenido. Fuentes abiertas y base de datos, que permiten tener un acercamiento con la información que interesa analizar para complementar el estudio.
Conclusiones:  Es necesario revisar tanto el diseño de programas como su desarrollo, así como la alfabetización digital y la mirada transdisciplinaria. Es fundamental contar con un marco legal, que revise el concepto de la autonomía universitaria, las funciones propias de la universidad, y las políticas universitarias, que deben cimentarse en ejes transversales que estén presentes en todos los programas académicos. De esta forma, la universidad no queda en una obsolescencia total, ya que los egresados son los que se insertan al mercado laboral, tanto del sector privado como del sector público.
THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND SELF-EFFICACY IN THE APPLICATION OF HEALTHY BEHAVIOR IN CHANGING RELIGIOUS BEHAVIOR ACTIVITIES IN THE PROVINCE OF BALI
Authors: Putu Vierda Lya Suandari , IMD Prianthara
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The death rate due to Covid in Bali province in 2021 will reach 2.80%, which could affect religious expression in Bali. There is a new normal policy imposed by the government to emphasize the application of health protocols in carrying out religious activities, where Hindus in Bali before the pandemic tended to involve contributions from many people so there was a need for the role of using social media and self-efficacy in supporting healthy behavior in changing religious behavior activities in the new normal. Aims: To describe the use of social media and self-efficacy toward implementing healthy behaviors in changing local wisdom-based religious behavior activities in Bali. Methods: This study used a quantitative method. The variables in this study were the use of social media, self-efficacy, healthy behavior, and religious behavior. Data collection used an online questionnaire with a total sample of 400 respondents. Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used in data analysis in this study. Result: There is a significant relationship between the use of social media and self-efficacy, and there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy on healthy behavior and religious behavior as seen from the t-value>1.96 or the p-value p<0.05. Conclusion: Dissemination of information through social media helps provide encouragement and public confidence in correct information regarding policy information in the Covid-19 era and ways to deal with it. Understanding and knowledge obtained through social media can influence a person's behavior in healthy behavior in changing religious behavior activities.
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS RISK ASSESSMENT AMONG SMALL TOFU FACTORY WORKERS IN TANGERANG CITY: AN INDONESIAN CASE STUDY
Authors: Viatina Kania , Tejamaya Mila , Widanarko Baiduri
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Conventional tofu production involves various manual handling tasks which increases the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). A previous study found a very high risk of MSDs in tofu manufacturing, especially in the filtering task with a REBA score of 13. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the risk of MSDs in tofu factory workers. Methods: Workplace observations and unstructured interviews were conducted at two traditional tofu factories (X and Y) and a more modern silken tofu factory to identify the risk of MSDs. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) method were used to determine the prevalence and risk of MSDs. A total of 52 workers voluntarily participated in this study. Results: The traditional and silken tofu manufacturing processes involved seven and fifteen tasks, respectively. This study found that workers in the traditional tofu factories had a higher prevalence of MSDs than those in the silken tofu factory. In the past 12 months, traditional tofu factory workers reported MSDs in their lower back (94.4%), right shoulder (77.8%), and neck (61.1%). On the other hand, silken tofu factory workers reported MSDs in their lower back (81.3%), right shoulder (62.5%), and upper back region (56.3%). According to the QEC method, grinding and filtering were identified as two tasks with a very high risk of MSDs in the traditional factories. In addition, transferring tofu crates from cold water to hot water tub in the silken factory was identified as a very high risk of MSDs. Conclusion: Intervention is necessary for tasks with a very high risk of MSDs in small tofu factories.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF COVID-19 BRIEF ANXIETY SCALE IN OMAN
Authors: Khalaf Mustafa Ali
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused increased levels of anxiety and stress. A recent study reported that 99% of its sample experienced anxiety, stress, stigma, and concerns about potential social isolation. Aims: This study aims to address the lack of a specific COVID-19 anxiety scale in Oman. Methods: The online scale was distributed via Google Form to 431 students, representing 3% of the total student population at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU). The students were enrolled in different colleges of Sultan Qaboos University. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a unidimensional factorial structure consisting of four items. Item loadings ranged from 0.617 (item 4) to 0.847 (item 3). Results: The results indicated that the validity fit indices were excellent. The RMSEA and SRMR values were greater than 0.05 indicating a perfect fit. The X2/DF value was 0.854, with a p-value of less than 0.653, while the GFI, AGFI, IFI, NFI, TLI, CFI, RMR, and RMSEA values were 0.999, 0.995, 1.003, 0.998, 0.959, 1.00, 0.015, 0.000, respectively (90% CI [0.000; 0.074]). The COBAS-4 showed convergent validity through its significant association with similar scales. Discriminant validity was established via its insignificant correlation to distinct constructs. McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha showed adequate reliability at 0.810 each. The results of multiple group CFA indicated configural, metric, and scalar invariance between male and female students (ΔCFI ≤ 0.01, ΔRMSEA ≤ 0.015). No significant differences were found between the two sexes. The scale was calibrated using the Rasch rating scale, which provided robust results. The Mantel-Haenszel test showed no differential item functioning (DIF) across sexes. Conclusion: The COBAS-4 is a valid, reliable, simple, and easy-to administer self-report instrument for assessing COVID-19-related anxiety.