bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIGRATION OF THE 1950-1970-s FROM CHINA TO KAZAKHSTAN: FACTORS AND MAIN STAGES
Authors:   “Turan” University, Kamalov A.K.
Published: November 2022

The article considers internal and external factors of interstate migration in the 1960s and 1970s from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous region of China to Soviet Kazakhstan. Based on a comparative analysis of archival information and oral histories of migrants, it reveals the push and pull factors of interstate migration, which involved different ethnic groups of the population of the regions bordering Kazakhstan in the Chinese province. The migration was a result of the changed geopolitical situation formed with the end of the civil war in China and the unification of the country under the rule of the Communist Party. The changes in Soviet-Chinese relations, which underwent a transformation from “eternal friendship” to a complete break in a short period of time, and the related actions of the Soviet consulates to attract the population to Soviet citizenship, coupled with the propaganda of life in the Soviet Union, contributed to the growth of the migration mood of the population, which allows us to consider migration as the last stage of the struggle of major powers for influence in Central Asia, known as the “great game”. The article also describes the main stages of mass migration, which initially had an organized character, and with the deterioration of bilateral relations and growth of migration sentiments caused by socio-economic reforms, political campaigns and repressions, acquired a spontaneous character and led to an exodus of the population in the spring of 1962. The reseach was carried out within the framework of the project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Oral history of migration of the 1950-1970s from China to Kazakhstan” (АР08856732).
SITES OF COMMEMORATION IN THE NEAR ABROAD ASSOCIATED WITH KURMANGAZY SAGYRBAYULY
Authors:   West Kazakhstan University,Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Nurgaliyeva A.M.
Published: November 2022

The article is written within the framework of the concept of historical memoryand a promising direction of modern historiography – the history of the border regions. The image of the Kazakh dombrist-composer Kurmangazy Sagyrbayuly is considered as an identification symbol of the cultural memory of both the population of Kazakhstan and the multinational population of the Astrakhan region.The article analyzes the commemorative practices related to memorial sites in honor of Kurmangazy located in the Astrakhan region of the Russian Federation (the mausoleum in the village of Altynzhar and the equestrian monument in Astrakhan).They are a re-reading or incorporating the past into the relevance of the present. In their veneration, values, norms and patterns of behavior that are significant for the people are fixed.Legends and stories about his sacred gift of the great composerare given. The article contributes to the historiography of the problem of historical memory.
THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIZATION OF THE TURKS IN CENTRAL ASIA
Authors:   B. Suleimenov Institute of Oriental Studies, CS of MES RK, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Karimov N.I.
Published: November 2022

The article examines the history of Islamization of the Turks in Central Asia. The Turks of Central Asia have gone in their spiritual search through many religions, which formed specific features of the Turkic civilization in the region. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism, the unity of national and universal values and dialectical approach to the study of historical processes. The history of Islamization of the Turks of Central Asia is examined in the context of regional integration processes that determined the course of historical development. The study conducted a broad comparative analysis of the Islamization of sedentary and nomadic Turks, Turkic culture. Its results reflect the process of Islamization of the Turks of the Central Asian region, which has dramatically affected all aspects of state, spiritual and material life.
THE ANCIENT SETTLEMENT OF BALANDA
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology named after A.H. Margulan. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Utubaev Z.R.
Published: November 2022

The article publishes the results of several years of excavations at the settlement of Balanda, on the territory of the ancient delta of the Syr Darya, where the agricultural Chirikrabat archaeological culture was widespread in the second half of the I millennium BC. The Balanda settlement is the center of a small agricultural oasis of the IV-II centuries BC, which was based on the main canal, between the channels of the Inkardarya and Zhanadarya lower reaches of the Syr Darya and the Aral Sea, as a whole. The center of the settlement and the entire oasis was the fortified manor-fortress of Balanda I. On Balandy 1, several rooms were opened, the remains of a large monumental building. Next to the fortress, Manor 2 was excavated, as a result, three rooms with hearths were opened, in the center the remains of two relatively different-time firing pottery furnaces. During the excavations, more than 50 fragments of ceramics were found. All pottery, in any case, when it is possible to determine the shape and type of vessel, has direct analogies in the ceramic complexes of the Chirikrabat culture.
A SPEAR AND A LANCE OF THE LATE MEDIEVAL NOMADS OF THE GREAT STEPPE (IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MATERIALS ON A HEROIC EPIC OF THE KAZAKHS OF NOGAI CYCLE)
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Оtkirbai A.
Published: November 2022

Based on an elaborate analysis of the not published and not translated into foreign languages before materials of a heroic epic of the Kazakhs of Nogai cycle, evidentiary (including archeological) and written sources, a trial was released in interpreting the name of an incisive long-flagpole weapon of the Turk warriors of the western part of the Great Steppe in the late Medieval and early New Age. Especially, some traits of using spears and lances by nomads, the sequence of their usage and others were recorded. Comparisons of the description of armaments in the heroic epic including genuine samples of weapons of a close combat and a ram attack from archeological monuments and museum collections showed a high level of correlation of folklore and evidentiary sources. Typically, that relates to some elements of decoration. So, e.g., in terms of a weapon of Nogai batyr Karasay a “silver spear” is mentioned in the epic, and Tanа batyr made “a flagpole from elm” for his spear. The analysis of spears and lances implementing across Kazakhstan’s and contiguous areas, stored in museum collections, and found from archeological expeditions from the previous years confirms the presence of elements of silver and elm.
ANALYSIS OF THE EASTERN CHRONICLES OF THE XIV-XVI CENTURIES.ACCORDING TO THE GENEALOGY OF GENGHIS KHAN AND EMIR TEMUR
Authors:   R.B. Suleimenov Institute of Oriental Studies, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Margulan A.S.
Published: November 2022

This article provides a comprehensive and step-by-step study of the Eastern chronicles of the XIV-XVI centuries in order to restore data on the genealogy of key historical figures, who contributed to the state-building of Kazakhstan and neighboring countries, as well as science, culture, art, etc. The article compares the eastern sources by the number of descendants, the date and circumstances of their compilation. The main task of the article is to analyze the sources in order to determine their reliability, and to recreate the true family ties between historical figures and, as a result, certain historical events. Such a reconstruction of the genealogy will allow later to determine the origin of new historical figures, until now little known to a wide range of researchers. The analysis is carried out in order to fully and comprehensively study the history of the Golden Horde, as the predecessor state of the Kazakh Khanate.
COLONIAL RUSSIA’S POLICY TOWARDS ISLAM IN KAZAKHSTAN (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ORENBURG STATE ARCHIVE)
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Torlanbayeva K.
Published: November 2022

In this paper author explore Russia’s colonial policy with regard to religion, population or Orenburg steppes on the basis of archive data. Main task of the publication is a complex research of history of Russia’s colonial policy regarding peoples in Central Asia. Steppe part of the Orenburg region was included into conquered colonial territory of Russia. This region connecting steppe routes of Kazakhs, Bashkir, Tatars and representing a strategical territory for strengthening Russian influence in Central Asia. Interesting aspects explored during review of archive data and study of the region’s history is a policy towards religious life of population. The methodology of the analysis is based on the study of archival materials in Orenburg conducted by researchers in 2010. The focus was on archival materials of the Orenburg State Archive on the situation of Kazakhs, Tatars and Bashkirs in the Russian Empire.The result of the study was the conclusion that religion was considered by the colonial administration as the main tool of trust establishment to the Russian authorities.
PRO MEMORIA FOR THOSE WHO LEFT IRRETRIEVABLY: BIRMUKHAMED AIBASOV
Authors:   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Zhakisheva S.A.
Published: November 2022

Among the greatest catastrophes of an anthropogenic character in the 20th century alongside with the world wars, a “worthy” place is occupied by large-scale repressive actions of the Soviet State against its people. Therefore, recollecting the names of those innocently shot or who died in the camps and special settlements of the GULAG according to the judgments of “specified conventions of the NKVD”, “triplets of the OGPU” and other extrajudicial bodies does not lose its relevance (actuality) at present. One of the true, faithful patriots of the Kazakhnative land, whose name is undeservedly forgotten is Birmuhamed Aibasov. He belongs to the galaxy of talented, energetic individuals who had a deep inner desire for active transformative activities, high self-sacrifice for achieving the goal -improving the life of their people. Side by side with Magzhan Zhumabayev, Mirjakyp Dulatov, Saken Seyfullin and other distinguished representatives of Kazakh intelligentsia with whom for many years B. Aibasov was bound by ties of friendship and joint social activities; he had shared the fate of many “enemies of people”, whose only “fault” was high benevolence and courage, inability to stay scared and quiet watching lawlessness and arbitrariness going on around. Being a supporter of democratic reforms in Kazakhstan in the pre-revolutionary period, B. Aibasov was one of the most successful managers-agrarians in Soviet times. Tragic events of the early 1930s, connected with hunger and high mortality of the aul population in the Kazakh steppe, inspired the students of the Moscow Agrarian Institute of Red Professors, including B. Aibasov, to write a letter to I. Stalin in 1933 “On the Activity of the Kazakhstan Party Organization” known as “Letters of six”. It describes the scale of human catastrophe -mass deaths of Kazakhs, being a consequence of collectivization and subsidence of nomadic and semi-nomadic farms, expropriation and death of socialized livestock, inaction and indifference of local officials and the ignorance of terrible facts by the official authorities. This highly moral, civil act did not remain without consequences. In 1938, by the decision of the visiting session of the Military Collegiums of the Supreme Court of the USSR, B. Aibasov was shot.
HISTORICAL AND LEGAL APPROACHES TO STUDYING VIOLENT COLLECTIVIZATION AND OTHER POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Astana International University, Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Borchashvili I.S. , Kurmanbayev B.M. ,   Astana International University, Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan
Published: November 2022

The presented article reveals the main approaches in assessing the legal and political acts of the Bolshevik government in the 20-30 years of the twentieth century, on the basis of which measures for forced collectivization and other political campaigns against rural residents were carried out. As a result of these campaigns, a mass famine broke out in Kazakhstan, the exact size of which has not yet been determined. Therefore, a joint study of historians and lawyers of the period of forced collectivization in Kazakhstan is important to fill in all the "white spots" in its past.
TOURISM OPPORTUNITIES FOR KAZAKHSTAN ON THE GREAT SILK ROAD
Authors:   Alikhan Bokeikhan University, Semey, Kazakhstan, Kanatuly M. , Adilbayeva A.S. ,   Alikhan Bokeikhan University, Semey, Kazakhstan, Ercilasun K. ,   Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University, Ankara, Turkey
Published: November 2022

Kazakhstan is a big country in central Asia. The Great Silk Road is one of the reasons people must visit the country because Kazakhstan was one of the key countries that participated in it. Nowadays, the history comes back again and the country is planning to become a destination that will be home for international and domestic tourists. Astana intends to invest $10 billion, $6 billion of which will come from private investors, and the country’s tourism planners hope that it will help to develop its tourism sector by 2020. For centuries, crowds of people speaking diverse languages filled the bazaars of Asia, and long caravans crept along dusty roads carrying precious gems and silks, spices and dyes, gold and silver, and exotic birds and animals to Europe. Yet the Silk Road was to become not only a great trade route but the melting pot of two very different civilizations; those of the East and the West, with their specific cultural traditions, religious beliefs, and scientific and technical achievements. Central Asia, situated between China and India in the east, bordering on the European world in the west, spreading between the Volga and Siberia in the north, and between Persia and Arabia in the south, for almost two thousand years stood at the crossroads ofthe world’s great civilizations and cultures.
KAZAKH TRADITIONAL HUNTING IN FOLKLORE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Ishkalova G.
Published: November 2022

The folklore of each nation is an indicator of national culture, its national identity, historical memory and worldview. Adapting to the environment, the people form their unique material and spiritual culture in accordance with the way of life. The Kazakh people, like other peoples, tried to interpret and convey the events of everyday life in various ways. Although folklore is an art created by the people, based on human wisdom, but it also acts as a true historical source. In folklore there are descriptions of historical events, pictures of everyday life and economic activity are reflected. Thus, the data of oral folk art are narrative sources among other types of sources. In accordance with the above facts, the author aims to consider traditional hunting on the examples of Kazakh folklore. In particular, on the basis of fairy tales, heroic and lyrical songs, ritual folklore and didactic folklore, the scenes of traditional hunting and the place of hunting in society are studied. An attempt was made through Kazakh folklore to show the national character and originality of traditional hunting, and the relationship between oral literature and ethnography was also revealed.
THE PHENOMENON OF THE GREAT STEPPE IN MODERN KAZAKH HISTORIOGRAPHY. REVIEW OF THE BOOK: KHAN DZHUCHI. THE GREAT STEP
Authors:   Institute of State History, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Abil Y. , Kuzembaiuly A. ,   A. Baitursynov Kostanay University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kostanay
Published: November 2022

The review analyzes a collective monograph of Kazakh and Russian authors "Khan Dzhuchi. The Great Steppe", published in Nur-Sultan by Editionsdu JIPTO in 2020. It is devoted to various aspects of the history of the Eurasian steppe space -the Great Steppe in the period before the Mongol conquest, the Golden Horde time and the Kazakh Khanate. The structure and separate parts of the book, having an independent character, its disadvantages and advantages, heuristic value of separate positions and author's concepts formulated by the authors of the monograph are considered. Despite some controversial points and some eclecticism of the content the book is of certain interest, reflecting the current state of Kazakhstani historical science and trends in its development. The authors advance a number of the provisions, substantiating the existence of the special historical, cultural and civilization community "Great Steppe", the role of Kipchaks in the formation of Ulus Dzhuchi and Kereits in the formation of the Mongolian power. The work fully corresponds to the modern trend of Kazakh historiography to substantiate the continuity and continuity of statehood traditions on the territory of steppe Eurasia and the conceptualization of Kazakhstan as an heir of the Golden Horde.
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE STUDY OF THE MEDIEVAL MANUSCRIPT"AT-TUKHFA" OF THE MAMLUK PERIOD
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Konkabayeva N.N. , Abdrakhmanova K.H. ,   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Konkabayeva A.N. ,   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Ch.Ch. Valikhanov. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Aubakirova K.K. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata. Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda
Published: November 2022

The author used the only original of the survivingmanuscript "at-Tuhfa az-zakiyya fil lugatit turkiya". The main purpose of the article is to present the historiography of the study of the manuscript "At-Tuhfa", to analyze and summarize the issues raised in the studies. The article describes the history of the study of the manuscript "At-Tuhfa", written in the Middle Ages in Egypt and Syria during the reign of the Mamluks around the 15th-16th centuries. The translations of the manuscript of At-Tuhfa into French, Turkish, Uzbek and Russian are analyzed andthe features of each translation are given. Describing the features of the monument, the author dwells on the works of scientists who studied the manuscript. The list of domestic and foreign scientists is given. Particular attention is paid to the issues raised by each scientist, and examples are given. The study draws attention to the fact that the manuscript "at-Tuhfa" is of great interest in the CIS countries, including Kazakhstan. In Turkey, students of Besim Atalay reviewed the manuscript to complete the work begun by their teacher. It has also been re-analyzed to provide a new perspective on research. In the West, the At-Tuhfa manuscript is considered in terms of its influence on their own languages, while domestic research is focused on the language group of the At-Tuhfa manuscript. Examples are given from many Turkic languages. Based on this, it is compared with the language of the manuscript. In the years after independence, questions were raised about the collection, translation and analysis of manuscripts from the Mamluk period. The same applies to the methods and techniques used in the article.
ON SOME TRADITIONALIST ASPECTS AND HISTORICAL PARALLELS OF MODERN KAZAKHSTANI NATION-BUILDING (HISTORIOGRAPHICREVIEW)
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology CS MES RK. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kubeyev R.D. , Murzakhodzhaev K.M. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology CS MES RK. Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

The paper reflects some of the main trends in the Kazakh nation-building project, noted in the works of Kazakhstani and foreign researchers. Certain correspondences between the "Kazakhstan case" and the general developments of scholars were traced in the article. Particular attention is paid to the Kazakhstani specifics, due to the legacy of the Soviet period and the complex, largely unprecedented political, socio-cultural anddemographic processes that took place on the territory of the republic in previous decades, which have a direct impact on the current state of Kazakhstani society. In the context of the research topic, some parallels were also drawn with the historical past of Kazakhstan, in particular, the use of traditional, traditionalist elements by representatives of Alash-Orda in order to reform and modernize traditional society was traced. Attention is also paid to the attitude of the representatives of the movementto the ideology of Muslim reformism of the early 20th century noted in the works of the authors –Jadidism.
FORMATION OF THE KAZAKH KHANATE: A NEW LOOK TO HISTORY
Authors:   Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University.Kazakhstan.Atyrau, Berdyguzhin L.B. , Sarsenov A.S. ,   Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University.Kazakhstan.Atyrau, Zhumagulov B.S. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University.Kazakhstan.Almaty
Published: November 2022

The Kazakh Khanate, formed by the Kazakh people led by the khans Kerey and Zhanibek in 1465, did not appear overnight. Its origins goback to the depths of centuries –the history of our statehood, which has 2.5 millennia and begins with the nomadic Saks. In the formation of statehood in the steppe zone, both the general laws of the historical process and the features characteristic of a nomadic society were reflected. In the XIV-XV centuries the process of addition of the Kazakh people was completed. The very name "Kazak", which has undergone a complex transformation from its original social meaning to ethnic content, becomes the name of the people. The entry of the emerging Kazakh people into different states –the Ak Orda, the Khanate of Abulkhair, Moghulistan, the Nogai Horde and the Siberian Khanate; continuous wars, strife between Genghisides and the nobility, coupled with growing external aggression, led to the idea of the need to unite ethnically close groups into a single state. These circumstances became the reasons for the creation of the Kazakh state proper. Ethno-political and socio-cultural processes on the territory of Kazakhstan in the XIV-XV centuries became the result of the emergence of the Kazakh Khanate in 1465.One of the largest and most influential states of Central and Central Asia in the Middle Ages was the Kazakh Khanate. In modern times, the Kazakh Khanate ceased to exist as an independent unit on the political map of the world, however, the achievements it has accumulated in the field of administration, legislation, regulation of public relations, foreign policy and diplomacy have a huge impact on modern Kazakhstan. The article also focuses on the personalities of the prominent khans of the Kazakh Khanate, who played a crucial role in the centuries-old life of the Kazakh people.
HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE MONGOL EMPIRE IN THE MEDIEVAL ENCYCLOPEDIA SHIHAB AD-DIN AL-OMARI
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Margulan A.S. , Batyrkhan B.S. ,   R.B. Suleimenov Institute of Oriental Studies, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tokmurzayev B.S. ,   Syrdariya University, Zhetysay, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article describes the work of the Arab scientist, geographer, historian, encyclopedist Shihab al-Din Ahmed ibn Yahya ibn Fadlallah al-Omari al-Dimashkhi who lived in Damascus in 1301-1349. He worked as the secretary of the Egyptian sultan, which, according to medieval customs, passed to him from his father. Shihab al-Din al-Omari is the author of the geographical and historical encyclopedia «Masalik al-Absar fi mamalik al-Amsar» («Ways of looking at states with large cities»), which consists of 2 parts and 32 volumes. (Nysanbaev, 1998: 50) The encyclopedia contains very valuable information about the Great Mongol State, the Golden Horde State, the Chagatai Ulus, the Ilkhanate, that is, it gives information about the territories occupied by the Mongol Empire in the light of historical events. His descriptions are based on the stories of eyewitnesses, or those who have been in distant countries for a long time. Because he had direct access to archives and a wide range of contacts with medieval officials. In addition, the author had a good idea of the works of his contemporaries, but used them very little. All this gives his work a businesslike character.
THE PECULIARITIES OFABYLAI KHAN'S RELATIONSWITH THE QING EMPIRE
Authors:   Ch.Ch.Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kabuldinov K.Z. , Tylakhmetova A.S. ,   Ch.Ch.Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Oralova O.A. ,   Ch.Ch.Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

Based on archival data, the rational positions of Abylai Khan in foreign policy are analyzed in the article, Abylai's relations with the Qing Empire are described in detail. The authors try to determine the features of the policy of the Kazakh Khanate under Abylai, differentiating its relationship with the Russian Empire, as well as with the peoples of Chinese citizenship.
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BAILIFF OF THE GREAT HORDE AND THE ALATAU DISTRICT
Authors:   Taraz Regional University named after M.Kh. Dulati. Kazakhstan, Taraz, Zhursinbaev B.A. , Serikbaev E.K. ,   Taraz Regional University named after M.Kh. Dulati. Kazakhstan, Taraz, Kalygulova Z.A. ,   Taraz Regional University named after M.Kh. Dulati. Kazakhstan, Taraz
Published: November 2022

The article comprehensively describes the history of the establishment of the Semirechye region from 1848 to 1867, with the name first of the bailiff of the Great Zhuz, after from 1856 the head of the Alatau district. In particular, various actions of local military-administrative authorities to establish colonial order in the region after the conquest of Semirechie, inhabited by the Kazakhs of the Great Zhuz and the Kirghiz, are analyzed in detail. In other words, the main goal of this institution of the colonial policy of the tsarist Russian Empire was the destruction of the unity of the Kazakh tribes of the Great Zhuz and the Kyrgyz, for the final possession of Semirechye. At the same time, the article objectively analyzes and scientifically assesses the aggravation of the land dispute in the Semirechye region with the help of the intervention of Russian authorities, the conquests of Russian military formations in the Semirechye, as well as the relationship between the administration of the Alatau district with local management groups and colonization methods.
POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF A COLONIAL CITY AND ACTIVITIES OF INTELLIGENCE DURING 19 th–20 thcenturies
Authors:   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Sultangazy G.
Published: November 2022

The article attempts to analyze the processes associated with the formation of a political space in a colonial city, where the subjects were representatives of the national intelligentsia, and the emerging media and public spaces were the instruments. The author of the article understands political environment as the sphere that developed in a colonial city at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, formed because of the vigorous activity of urban intellectuals, through the creation of printed publications, participation in the work of representative bodies, etc. Political environment, on the one hand, is the result of the activities of the intellectual stratum, and it subsequently contributed both the manifestation of civic activity and forms the skills of political activity among the intelligentsia and the townspeople. As for the interdependence of politics and culture, it was very important to note that representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia were convinced that education and the development of culture were of paramount importance. The article uses data from the regional archives of the cities of Kostanay and led to the formation of conditions for the activity of a citizen not only in the economic, but also in the political aspects of Akmolinsk (now Nur-Sultan). One of the methods of this study was the historical-genetic method, which allowed to consider the problematic in its development and identify patterns. The use of the historical-comparative method revealed differences in the development of Kazakhstani historiography.
Testing of AMBA AXI Protocol
Authors: A G Tanupriya , V Kiran
Published: November 2022

The rapidly expanding VLSI sector has a great need for a very robust verification mechanism that can be developed in a short amount of time in the constantly changing environment where new intellectual property and chips are being designed every day having reduced time-to-market. (SoC) System on Chip design emerged as a primary integrated technique for reducing the design time of the entire system with the introduction of a standardized signal bus architecture used for the connectivity of different modules of the system. One of the major difficulties at hand is how to check these on chip bus protocols, since traditional old methods are ineffective in certifying large SoCs. In this paper, we have verified AMBA AXI protocol which shows write as well as read operations using System Verilog.

Keywords: AMBA AXI, APB, AHB.
Field and Petrographic Characteristics of Photang Thrust Sheet of Zanskar Tethys Himalaya, Ladakh, India
Authors: Pant Deepak , Joshi Harshita , Upadhyay Rajeev
Published: November 2022

The Photang thrust sheet is a distinct complex of rocks that lies under the Spongtang ophiolite, showing almost complete ophiolite sequences. The pre-collision tectonic setting, emplacement age, mechanism of association of diverse litho-units within Spongtang klippe, and their regional correlation is still debatable and partially known. The controversy exists as to whether the ophiolite was obducted onto the northern passive margin of the Indian plate during the Eocene or the late Cretaceous. Moreover, the fundamental question emerges whether the Photang thrust sheet is a part of the independent Spong arc, has been tectonically derived from the Ophiolitic Melange Zone in the Dras island arc, or is a representative of the accreted seamounts of the Indus suture zone. This paper presents the application of fundamentals of field geology and petrography to understand the pre-collision tectonic setting of the Photang thrust sheet, Spongtang ophiolite, and associated rock sequences in the Photoksar region of the Zanskar Himalaya.

Keywords: Photang thrust sheet, Spongtang ophiolite, Tectonic setting, Obduction, Ophiolitic Melange Zone, Indus suture zone, Himalaya
The impact of psycho-education on health knowledge of depression and adherence to treatment in depressed patients
Authors:   Psychiatry Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Hedayati Arvin , Norouzi Negin ,   Psychiatry Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Zahraei Seyed Ali Hossein ,   Medical Doctor, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Depression is a major public health problem associated with increased functional impairment and mortality. In the United States in 2010, the estimated annual direct and indirect medical costs of depression were more than $200 billion.
A case series of different courses of methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disease with pulmonary involvement
Authors:   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan., Tanaka Satoshi , Sugioka Hiroki ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan., Kitou Riiko ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan., Komuta Kiyohide ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan., Tanizaki Satoshi ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
Published: November 2022

Lymphoproliferative Disorder (LPD) is a complication of Methotrexate (MTX) therapy. Several cases of Methotrexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder (MTX-LPD) have been reported. However, pulmonary lesions in MTX-LPD are rare. Image findings of MTX-LPD show various patterns. Pneumocystis pneumonia and interstitial pneumonia, which have complex courses, have been reported in MTX-treated patients with lung diseases other than MTX-LPD. Furthermore, the treatment course of MTX-LPD differs from those of other lung diseases and could vary across patients. Here in, we discuss the importance of an accurate MTX-LPD diagnosis through detailed examination and treatment priority depending on the severity of underlying diseases and complications.
Elevated serum Carbohydrate Antigen (CA) 19-9 level in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Family Medicine Consultant, Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar, Toufaili Zeinab Hassan
Published: November 2022

Around 40-year old male with previously controlled diabetes mellitus type II, presented for right upper quadrant abdominal pain.
Atypical caudal regression syndrome with lumbar agenesis, hypoplastic sacrum without sacro-iliac joints in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: A case report
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Provincial General Reference Hospital of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo., Safari Paterne Mudekereza , Murhega Romeo Bujiriri ,   Department of Surgery, Provincial General Reference Hospital of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo., Nteranya Daniel Safari ,   Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Yaounde, Cameroun.
Published: November 2022

Lumbosacral agenesis is a rare and complex malformation characterized by a total or partial absence of the lumbosacral vertebrae. It is often associated with other congenital malformations. Its etiology is poorly understood but factors such as gestational diabetes, genetic abnormalities and environmental factors are incriminated. We report the case of a female infant, 11 months old, who presented with lumbosacral agenesis. As our hospital was less equipped to deal with this complex malformation, we transferred the infant to another better equipped hospital.
A case of thoracoscopic-assisted tracheal tumor resection and tracheal reconstruction
Authors:   The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 Peoples Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China., Shi Zehui , Zhang Zuhao ,   Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China., Jiang Xiao ,   Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The Second Affi liated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Published: November 2022

Primary tracheal tumor is a disease with low morbidity and poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the main treatment. It is difficult to treat tracheal tumors, while involving tracheal reconstruction operations are more complicated. We report a case of tracheal tumor patient. The large tumor was located above the tracheal carina and the opening of the left main bronchus. The lumen of the left main bronchus was significantly narrowed. The patient was received thoracoscopic-assisted tracheal tumor resection and tracheal reconstruction under general anesthesia. The patient recovered healthy after operation without serious complications. Thoracoscopic-assisted tracheal tumor resection provides a flexible surgical option for the treatment of this disease.
Børns rettigheder og børns vilkår
Authors: Qvortrup Jens
Published: November 2022

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Barn som aktive informanter: Et forsøk på å belyse sentrale ledd i kravet om frivillig, informert samtykke knyttet til barn som aktive informanter
Authors: Skoglund Ruth Ingrid
Published: November 2022

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Retten til en barndom: Tilbakeblikk og prospekt
Authors: Tiller Per Olav
Published: November 2022

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(Be)tydningen af barndommens ”sted”
Authors: Olwig Kenneth R.
Published: November 2022

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Uteareal ved barneskoler i Trondheim kommune: En kartlegging av ni skolegårders fysiske miljø
Authors: Ulleberg Hans Petter
Published: November 2022

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Det ekte og det sannsynlige
Authors: Tiller Per Olav
Published: November 2022

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Overvægt fra børnehøjde
Authors: Johansen Anette
Published: November 2022

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Child Labour in the Global South: A Review and Critical Commentary
Authors: Abebe Tatek
Published: November 2022

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Hva skal fattigfolks barn lære? Barnearbeid og 1700-tallets byskole
Authors: Bull Ida
Published: November 2022

Mot slutten av 1700-tallet ble spørsmålet om skolegang og arbeid for barn et viktig tema, og spesielt i byene, der arbeidslivet var mest differensiert. Artikkelen undersøker hvordan diskusjonen om dette foregikk i Trondheim, og hvordan de fattigskoler som ble etablert i siste halvdel av 1700-tallet tok i bruk arbeid som en del av undervisningen. Det arbeid som ble innført, var dels et forsøk på å få barna til å delta i sin egen forsørgelse, dels et forsøk på å lære dem opp til framtidig yrkesutøvelse, og dels en måte å innprente flid og arbeidsomhet i barna fra tidlig alder. Spesielt drøftes spinning som arbeid for barn, og den kjønnsmessige betydning arbeidet hadde.
Working and Going to School: Childhood experiences in post-war Reykjavík
Authors: Garðarsdóttir Ólöf
Published: November 2022

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“It’s Work That Has to be Done”: Finnish school children working during their summer holiday
Authors: Strandell Harriet
Published: November 2022

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Innhold
Authors: . .
Published: November 2022

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Introduksjon: Digitale medier i barn og unges hverdag
Authors: Aarsand Pål
Published: November 2022

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Medialiseret legepraksis i børns hverdagsliv: Hvad betyder det at være ”digital native”?
Authors: Liv Johansen Stine
Published: November 2022

Nutidens børn har aldrig kendt til et liv uden digitale medier, teknologisk legetøj, medieformidlede fortællinger og adgang til internettet. Derfor færdes de i dagens medialiserede samfund helt uden at trække grænser mellem digitalt og analogt, mellem offline og online venskaber og mellem computerspil og ”rigtig leg”. De er digitalt indfødte, med andre ord. Deres tilgang til medier og teknologi er derfor grundlæggende anderledes end de fleste voksnes, hvilket giver anledning til undren, frustration og misforståelser, når voksne overfører deres normer og forståelser på børnenes praksis med afsæt i netop grænser mellem det digitale og ”det virkelige liv”. Gennem to empiriske, praksisnære eksempler er det denne artikels formål at præsentere et teorikompleks, der kan begribe betydningen af medier og teknologi i børns hverdagsliv, set fra børnenes synsvinkel og med et legekulturelt udgangspunkt. Teoretisk tages afsæt i medialiseringsteori (Hjarvard 2008, Lundby 2009) samt i et praksisteoretisk (Frykman & Gilje 2003, Reckwitz 2002) greb i forhold til at beskrive konkrete, empiriske legesituationer som de udspiller sig med og uden teknologi.
Young Visitors’ “Messing Around” in Museums: Exploring social media to engage teens in participation
Authors: Stuedahl Dagny , Smørdal Ole
Published: November 2022

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The brain is so we can listen and see the colour of the dress: The ideas four year old children have about the inside of our bodies
Authors: Óskarsdóttir Gunnhildur
Published: November 2022

The paper explores what kind of ideas four year old children have about their body; that is, the location, structure and function of bones and certain organs. Twenty pre-school children were chosen to take part in the research. They were asked to make two drawings each, one of the bones and one of the organs. The children were interviewed about the functions of the bones and organs. The children were also given a cracker and a glass of water and asked to describe the way the food goes from mouth and onwards. The results show that most of the children draw bones as lines throughout the body. The heart and the brain are the first organs they know and they also know that the food we eat goes from the mouth and into the stomach but their understanding of what happens in and beyond the stomach is very vague.
Hamtramck at 100 Years: Polish Political Power in a Changing City
Authors: Majewski Karen
Published: November 2022

In 2022, the City of Hamtramck celebrates its centennial. On January 1 of that year, it also inaugurated a Yemeni immigrant as its first mayor who is not of Polish descent, as well as a completely Muslim city council, including a Polish American convert to Islam. Written by the last Polish mayor in that nearly hundred-year succession, this article combines history and personal experience while looking at the Polish dominance of local politics beginning with the ethnically charged decision to incorporate, continuing through the decades of Polish rule in relation to other ethnic and racial groups in the city, and chronicling the gradual unraveling of that power. While Hamtramck's experience is not unlike that of other former Polonian strongholds, it is also unique in its longevity and the symbolic significance it has come to embody through its very public demographic and political trajectory. This overview of the competition for elected office in Hamtramck provides a lens through which to view the ongoing transition of the city's civic identity.
Zadovoljstvo morfološkim karakteristikama, odnosima s drugim ljudima i raspoloženjem s obzirom na neke aspekte tjelovježbe
Authors: Prijatelj Krešimir , Selak Bagarić Ella , Buljan Flander Gordana
Published: November 2022

Cilj provedenog istraživanja bio je provjeriti postoji li razlika kod pojedinaca koji koriste i ne koriste sportske dodatke prehrani u aspektima zadovoljenja potreba vlastitog tijela i stajališta oko toga je li ih vaganje deprimira, smatraju li da imaju lijepo tijelo i svjesnosti o vlastitom tjelesnom izgledu. Također, studija je imala za cilj provjeriti i postojanje razlike između osoba koje se bave i koje se ne bave fitnesom u domenama zadovoljstva raspoloženjem i odnosa s drugim ljudima. U istraživanju su sudjelovale osobe u dobnom rasponu od 18 do 56 godina, od toga 141 muškarac i 552 žene. Rezultati su pokazali kako osobe koje koriste suplemente više brinu o zadovoljavanju potreba vlastitog tijela, imaju izraženiji stav da ih vaganje deprimira, izraženije mišljenje da imaju lijepo tijelo te veću svjesnost o vlastitom izgledu nego osobe koje ne koriste suplemente. Nadalje, osobe koje se bave tjelesnom aktivnošću zadovoljnije su svojim raspoloženjem od osoba koje se ne bave tjelesnom aktivnošću. S druge strane, nije pronađena razlika između osoba koje se bave i osoba koje se ne bave tjelesnom aktivnošću u zadovoljstvu odnosa s drugim ljudima.
The Effects of Second-hand Smoke Exposure on Asthma Symptoms in Children
Authors: Šimić Arijana , Nogalo Boro , Drinković Vlatka , Lipej Marcel , Turkalj Mirjana
Published: November 2022

Objective − The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of parental smoking and tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) on asthma symptoms in children, and to raise awareness of the detrimental effects of TSE for asthmatic children.Methods − A modified and validated questionnaire on TSE was completed by 76 parents and their children who were being treated at Srebrnjak Children’s Hospital for asthma. Patients filled in a standardized ACT questionnaire about their asthma symptoms, whereas parental smoking data were derived from a questionnaire filled in by the parents. The answers were structured as ordinal and categorical variables. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed.Results −There are statistically significant differences in the frequency of asthma symptoms in children depending on whether household members smoked cigarettes, with statistically significant differences in the frequency of asthma symptoms in children depending on whether their parents smoked cigarettes outside the house, only in one/certain room or everywhere in the house. 34.1% of smoking parents vs 9.4% of nonsmoking parents allow smoking in a car while the child is riding in it. 40.9% of parents who smoke vs 21.9% of non-smoking parents believe that their child is exposed to tobacco smoke somewhere other than in their household or car.Conclusion − TSE is associated with more symptoms and worse asthma control in asthmatic children.
The Relation Between Helicopter Parenting and Satisfaction with Life in Emerging Adults Living with Their Parents: The Moderating Role of Gender and Age Group
Authors: Cardoso Garcia Rafaela , Pedroso de Lima Margarida , Carona Carlos
Published: November 2022

Objective. Over the last couple of decades, a trend of emerging adults living with parents has been rising. However, little is known about the developmental specificities and impact of parenting practices in this context. The objectives of this study were: to compare the levels of helicopter parenting and the levels of life satisfaction by gender (men versus women) and by age group (late adolescents versus young adults); to analyze the relationship between helicopter parenting, life satisfaction levels and age; and to investigate the moderating role of gender and age group in the relationship between helicopter parenting and life satisfaction.Materials and Methods. Self-report questionnaires were administered to a sample of 173 emerging adults (aged 18-29) living with their parents in Portugal. In order to examine differences in helicopter parenting and levels of life satisfaction, Student’s ttest was performed for independent samples. To analyze the association between helicopter parenting, life satisfaction and age, Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated. To detect possible interaction effects, regression-based analyses were performed; the SPSS macro PROCESS was used to optimize this procedure.Results. Life satisfaction levels differed according to age group, with late adolescents reporting higher levels of life satisfaction than young adults. Helicopter parenting was negatively correlated with life satisfaction, and life satisfaction was negatively correlated with age. The developmental variables of gender and age group moderated the association between helicopter parenting and life satisfaction.Conclusions. Interventions with emerging adults that aim to prevent the negative effects of helicopter parenting and increase life satisfaction must account for the developmental specificities associated with gender roles and different age groups.Key Words: Emerging Adulthood ■ Cohabitation ■ Helicopter Parenting ■ Life Satisfaction
AXS Vecta 0.071–0.074 Inch Aspiration Catheters for Mechanical Thrombectomy: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Settecase Fabio , Kim Warren T. , English Joey D.
Published: November 2022

Aspiration catheters are widely used for thrombectomy either alone or in combination with a stent-retriever, with a distal inner diameter and trackability keys to their success. In an illustrative case series, we report our clinical experience with AXS Vecta (Stryker Neurovascular, Fremont, CA, USA), available in both 0.071-inch and 0.074-inch distal inner diameters, including the first 2 Vecta 74 cases reported. A literature review on AXS Vecta is also provided. In our series, 9 thrombectomies were performed (Vecta 71: 2 M1, 5 M2 occlusions; Vecta 74: 1 M1 and 1 ICA-terminus occlusion). The AXS Vecta was successfully delivered to the target site in all cases. In 7 of 9 cases, the catheter was delivered over a Tenzing 7 delivery catheter (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, CA, USA). For 2 of 9 combination approach cases, Vecta was delivered using the stent-retriever wire as a rail. The median improvement in NIHSS score during hospitalization was 9 (IQR 5–12). Successful mTICI 2C or 3 recanalization was achieved in 8 of 9 (89%) patients after a median 2 (IQR 1–2) passes. Our median groin-to-reperfusion time was 23 (IQR 12.5–32) minutes, with no procedural complications. Two previous clinical studies of a total of 29 patients treated with Vecta 71 reported successful mTICI 2b–3 recanalization in 89–90% of cases. The Median groin-to-reperfusion time was 30 minutes. Complications were seen in 2 of 29 (6.9%) cases (vessel perforation and/or intracerebral hemorrhage). These data support the efficacy, deliverability, and safety of AXS Vecta for mechanical thrombectomy.
Het belemmeringsverbod blijft in beweging
Authors: Weijts-Huiskes Annerieke
Published: November 2022

Het belemmeringsverbod blijft in beweging

Het belemmeringsverbod in artikel 9a Waadi is niet zonder meer van toepassing op ter beschikking gestelde zzp’ers.