bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEK APLIKASI PENDEKATAN BERMAIN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PASSING MENYUSUR TANAH
Authors: Kurniawan Ikhsan Fajar , Satyawan Budhi
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the effects of applications using playing approach to the ability of passing along the ground on the football school AD Batik Surakarta age group 13-14 years old, and a better approach effect between playing approach and technique approach to the ability of passing along the ground on the football school AD Batik Surakarta age 13-14 years old.
The research subjects in this research are students of the football school AD Batik Surakarta age group 13-14 years old with the number of 30 students. The method which is used is Quasi Experimental Research (QER) conducted with pretest-posttest design Matching Comparrison Control Group Design. The technique of data collection in this research is testing and measurement capabilities passing along the ground. The data analysis technique used is inferential statistical analysis.
The results of this research are as follows, first, the playing approach application gives an effect on the ability of passing along the ground on the football school AD Batik Surakarta age group 13-14 years whichcan be seen from the comparison inferentially increases from 30.5% (without variable covariates ) to 76.2% (with variable covariate). Second, the playing approach application has a better effect than a technical approach to the ability of passing along the ground on a football school AD Batik Surakarta age group 13-14 years old. Based on the percentage of the increasing of the ability of passing along the ground shows that the experimental group (the group treated with the playing approach ) is 72.7% greater than the control group (the group which treated with technique approach) is 31.1%.
The conclusion of the research is the application using playing approach gives the effect to ability of the passing along the ground and the application using playing approach has a better efect than the technique approach to the ability of passing along the ground on the football school AD Batik Surakarta age 13-14 years old.
Addressing the political dynamics of radicalization leading to religious extremism in Bangladesh
Authors: Arefin Md. Nazmul , Ritu Nousheen Sharmila
Published: June 2021

When radicalization and religious extremism is predominantly perceived through the prism of ‘9/11’ and/or ‘Post-Soviet Muslim radicalization’, there is a danger of oversimplifying the phenomenon of extremism for majoritarian Muslim societies like Bangladesh. To understand the dynamics of religious radicalization, it is imperative to devise a political genealogy and identify both micro and macro level political drivers of radicalization by addressing the political histories, catalysts, and risk factors related to religious extremism. Considering the paucity of research on this particular area, this paper sets out to understand and address the political drivers that facilitate the process of radicalization leading to religious extremism in Bangladesh. Adopting qualitative approach, this paper has conducted content analysis of pertinent secondary sources based on predetermined sets of categories for analysis. The results indicate that explicit support by the military rulers for Islamic orthodoxy, culture of political opportunism in democratic regimes and weak governance are some of the major political drivers of radicalization and religious extremism in the country. At a regional and global level, insurgency and separatist movements in neighborhood countries, global political environment of confrontation between the West and the Muslim World and the identity politics altogether fostered radicalization leading to religious extremism in Bangladesh.
The Forgotten Individualist Georges Palante
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Semiglazov Georgiy S.
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the works of Georges Palante (1862–1925). The author notes that in contemporary European socio-political thought there was a re­naissance of this thinker. In particular, his ideas became the foundation of the modern post-anarchism theory. Since both the movement of post-anarchism and the concepts of G. Palante are hardly known today in Russia, it is necessary to talk about this French philosopher. The study consists of two parts. The first part examines the historical context. The main topics of Palante’s works were determined by his polemic with Emile Durkheim, the founder of the French soci­ological school. Therefore, to avoid a misinterpretation of Palantian ideas, it is necessary to consider that this thinker primarily positioned himself as a social scientist. The second part focuses on the philosophical aspect of the Palantian heritage. Namely, the author examines a succession between the article “The mentality of the Rebel” and A. Camus’ essay “The Rebel”. Even though Camus didn’t mention this work, he agreed with Palante’s concepts in general, so it is possible to assume the link between two thinkers. In conclusion, the author dis­cusses the relevance of Palantian ideas for contemporary social, political, and philosophical sciences.
Dialectics of A.F. Losev and G.W.F. Hegel
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN-University), Nizhnikov Sergei A.
Published: June 2021

The article provides a comparative analysis of the understanding of dialectics by A.F. Losev and G.W.F. Hegel. Both the commonality of approaches and funda­mental differences are revealed here. Both thinkers consider dialectics as a uni­versal philosophical method of cognition. At the same time, Losev, in his in­terpretation, returns to Plato, in whom the dialectic begins with “one” and “the other” (dialogue "Parmenides"), and not “being” and “nothing” (“Science of Logic” by Hegel). The Russian thinker goes beyond the boundaries of Hegel’s rationalism, affirming the anagogic (uplifting) and, in its completion, the apo­phatic nature of dialectics, which ascends to the transcendent source. “Absolute dialectics” from him, acquiring this or that content, appears as metaphysics – “absolute mythology”. As a result of this, thought again meets being, the empty content, formalism and abstractness of thinking are overcome. Losev revealed the ontological potential of Platonism, freeing dialectics from nihilistic interpre­tation. Studying hesychasm allowed him to overcome both impersonalism and the determinism of Hegel’s logic: the basis of dialectics is not negativity, not nothing, but the creativity of the personal principle.
Lev Shestov in France: Reception of the Russian Philosopher’s Ideas (First Half of the 20th Century)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorozhikhina Ksenia V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the acquaintance of French critics with the philosophy of Lev Shestov, who emigrated from Russia in 1919. Shestov’s ideas almost im­mediately resonate with French readers and over the course of several years the philosopher gains some fame; he is perceived as one of the most important fig­ures of modern original Russian thought, comparable in importance to M. de Un­amuno in Spain and J. de Gaultier in France. Shestov makes acquaintances with French and European intellectuals (J. Rivière, J. de Gaultier, L. Levy-Bruhl and others), collaborates with reputable French magazines “Mercure de France”, “La Nouvelle Revue française”, “La Revue philosophique de la France et de l’étranger”. Shestov has disciples and followers: B. de Schloezer, G. Bataille, B. Fondane, R. Bespaloff, A. Lazarev etc. The most important for his followers is the philosopher’s appeal to the personalities of thinkers and writers, and not to their ideas; “peregrination through the souls” as a philosophical method; the inextricable link between philosophy and life; criticism to reason and mora­lity; religious orientation and others. Shestov’s ideas become one of the sources of existentialism of A. Camus, works of A. Malraux and G. Marcel. Shestov and Fondane separate the philosophy of tragedy, identified with religious existential philosophy in the spirit of S. Kierkegaard, B. Pascal, F.M. Dostoevsky and M. Luther, from the existentialism of M. Heidegger, K. Jaspers and others.
More on Brain and Semiosis: Can We Find a Point in Neuronets?
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Chernigovskaya Tatiana V.
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses semiotic aspects of higher human functions and a possibility and relevance of traditional search for their neurophysiological basis. The state of the art on the subject is reviewed and the lack of data on anthropological specificity for reasoning, thinking, language and its AI modeling is highlighted. Experimental neuroscience presumes that if we know the characteristics of neu­rons and their connections, we automatically understand what mind and con­sciousness are. However, it is evident that such a paradigm does not allow us to get relevant answers to the main questions. I argue that the problem should be dealt with not only within the field of neurophysiology proper. Rather, such re­search should involve exploring the 'archeology' of mental processes as they are revealed in arts as well as in other symbolic spaces. The paper discusses the ade­quacy of physiological methodology when it is employed to demonstrate brain mechanisms of higher functions. Besides, I explore the relevance of juxta­posing similar data from other biological and artificial intelligent systems. I view language processing, mind and reasoning and 1st person experience (qualia) as human specific features, and questions the possibility of direct testing these phenomena. The paper links genetic, anthropological and neurophysio­logical data to semiotic activity and semiosphere formation as the basis for com­munication. The paper discusses the place of humans in the changing world in the context of new cognitive dimensions.
Multi-scale CO2
Authors: Gu Xiaomeng , Metcalfe Andrew Viggo , Glonek Gary
Published: June 2021

Five time series of estimated atmospheric CO 2 with sampling intervals ranging from 0.5 million years to the relatively high frequency of one week are analysed. The yearly series shows a clear increasing trend since the beginning of the first Industrial Revolution around 1760. The weekly series shows a clear increasing trend and also seasonal variation. In both cases, the trend is fitted by a conceptual model that consists of a baseline value with an exponential trend superimposed. For the weekly series, the seasonal variation is modelled as an exponential of a sum of sine and cosine terms. The deviations from these deterministic models are treated as detrended and deseasonalised time series.Then,threesub-categoriesof autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models are fitted to the five time series: ARMA models which are stationary; FARIMA models which are stationary but have long memory and are fractal processes, and ARIMA models which are variations on a random walk and so non-stationary in the variance.The FARIMA and ARIMA models provide better fits to the data than the corresponding ARMA models. All the fitted models are close to the boundary of stability, and are consistent with claims that climate change due to an increase in atmospheric CO 2 may not quickly be reversed even if CO 2 emissions are stopped.
Long-term Assessment of Floodplain Reconnection as a Stream Restoration Approach for Managing Nitrogen in Groundwater and Surface Water
Authors: Mayer Paul , Pennino Michael , Newcomer-Johnson Tammy
Published: June 2021

Stream restoration is a popular approach for managing nitrogen in degraded, flashy urban streams. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of geomorphic stream restoration on riparian and in-stream N transport and transformation in an urban stream in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. We examined relationships between hydrology, chemistry, and biology using a Before/After-Control/Impact (BACI) study design to determine how flashiness and N concentrations and flux changed after the restoration. We examined two independent surface water and groundwater data sets collected from 2002–2012 at our study sites in the Minebank Run watershed, modeled N flux, and compared our data to similar long-term data from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER (BES) that served as reference sites. Restoration was completed during 2004 and 2005. Afterward, the monthly flashiness index, based on mean monthly discharge, decreased over time from 2002 and 2008. Groundwater nitrate (NO3−) concentrations trended slightly downward over time after the restoration at the restored site while dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations trended upward whereas no trends were observed at the control site. Comparisons of NO3− concentrations with Cl− concentrations and specific conductance in both groundwater and surface water suggested that N reductions over time at the restored sites were not due to dilution. Similar patterns at BES sites suggested that declining NO3− was a function of restoration and watershed management, not larger regional factors such as decreased atmospheric inputs. DOC and NO3− were negatively related before and after restoration suggesting C limitation of N transformation. Long-term trends in surface water NO3− based on USGS data showed downward trends after restoration at both the restored and control sites while specific conductance showed no trend, suggesting that load reductions were not responsible for NO3− patterns. Modeled NO3− flux decreased post restoration in both the short and long-terms. Groundwater NO3− concentrations varied among stream features suggesting that some engineered features may be functionally better at creating optimal conditions for N removal. However, some engineered features eroded and failed post restoration thereby reducing efficacy of the restoration to reduce flashiness and NO3− flux. N management via stream restoration will be most effective where flashiness can be reduced, and DOC made available for denitrifiers. Stream restoration may be an important component of holistic watershed management including stormwater management and nutrient source control.
U.S. flood risk in the Anthropocene
Authors: Wing Oliver , Lehman William , Bates Paul , Sampson Chris , Quinn Niall , Smith Andy , Neal Jeffrey , Porter Jeremy , Kousky Carolyn
Published: June 2021

A national depiction of high-resolution flood risk estimates has previously been thought to be beyond the grasp of reasonable computational capabilities. However, recent developments in inundation modelling now permit the first comprehensive national flood risk assessment of the US, which indicates an expected annual direct damage to property of 27 billion USD in 2020’s climate. Current flood risk is disproportionately borne by poorer and more White communities, and is concentrated on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, the Northeast through Appalachia, and the Pacific Northwest. Under a medium-case concentration pathway (RCP4.5), we project a 37% increase in risk by 2050 due to climate change alone. This climate signal appears to disproportionately impact Black communities, with risk increases concentrated again on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Medium-case (SSP2) projections of population change cause flood risk increases that dwarf the impact of climate change by 4:1, illustrating the need for a holistic view on changes in risk with consideration of all its constituent causes. These results make clear the desperate need for adaptation to flood and emergent climate risks in the US, with mitigation required to prevent acceleration of this risk into the latter half of the century. These results can and should inform zoning, regulations, and targeted adaptation policies, as well as motivate wide reaching reforms in how flood risk and emergencies are managed.
Performance of Daily Satellite-Based Rainfall in Groundwater Basin of Merapi Aquifer System, Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmawati Novi , Rahayu Kisworo , Yuliasari Sukma Tri
Published: June 2021

Evaluation of the performance of daily satellite-based rainfall (CMORPH, CHIRPS, GPM IMERG, and TRMM) was done to obtain applicable satellite rainfall estimates in groundwater basin of Merapi Aquifer System (MAS). Performance of satellite data was assessed by applying descriptive statistics, categorical statistics, and bias decomposition on the basis of daily rainfall intensity classification. This classification is possible to measure the performance of daily satellite-based rainfall in much detail.CM (CMORPH) has larger underestimation compared to other satellite-based rainfall. This satellite-based rainfall also mostly has the largest RMSE, while CHR (CHIRPS) is the lowest. CM has a good performance to detect no rain, while IMR (GPM-IMERG) has the worst performance. IMR and CHR have a good performance to detect light and moderate rain. Both of them have larger H frequencies and lower MB values compared to other satellite products. CHR mostly has a good performance compared to TR (TRMM) especially on wet periods. CM, IMR, and TR mostly have a good performance on dry periods, while CHR on wet periods. CM mostly has the largest MB and lowest AHB values. CM and CHR have better accuracy to estimate rain amount compared to IMR and TR. All in all, all 4 satellite-based rainfall has large discrepancy compared with rain gauge data along mountain range where orographic rainfall usually occurs in wet periods. Hence, it is recommended to evaluate satellite-based rainfall with time series of streamflow simulation in hydrological modeling framework by merging rain gauge data with more than one satellite-based rainfall except to merge both IMR and TR together.
The Preventive Effects of Perioperative Oral Care On Surgical Site Infections After Pancreatic Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Nobuhara Hiroshi , Matsugu Yasuhiro , Tanaka Junko , Akita Tomoyuki , Ito Keiko
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most malignant cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, and is associated with high rates of postoperative complications, including surgical site infections (SSIs). Perioperative oral care is an effective measure for preventing postoperative pneumonia. However, the preventive effects of perioperative oral care on SSIs have not been reported. We investigated the preventive effects of perioperative oral care on SSIs after pancreatic cancer surgery.Methods: A total of 103 patients with PDAC who underwent radical resection at Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital (2011–2018) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Of the 103 patients, 75 received perioperative oral care by dentists and dental hygienists (oral care group), whereas 28 did not (control group). Univariate and multivariate analyses with propensity score as a covariate were used to investigate the incidence and risk factors of SSIs in the oral care and control groups. Results: The incidence of SSIs was significantly lower in the oral care group than in the control group (12.0% vs. 39.3%, P = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis revealed that a soft pancreas, the surgical procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy), blood transfusion, diabetes mellitus, and the absence of oral care intervention were risk factors for SSIs. The odds ratio for oral care intervention was 0.164 (95% confidence interval: 0.047–0.571; P = 0.004). Conclusion: Perioperative oral care reduced the risk of developing SSIs after pancreatic cancer surgery. Our findings indicate that perioperative oral care is a safe and effective infection prevention strategy that should be implemented in future perioperative management.UMIN registration number: UMIN000042082; October 15, 2020, retrospectively registered.
Emotional Regulation In Teens And Improvement of Constructive Skills (EmoTIConS): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pedrini Laura , Rossi Roberta , Magni Laura Rosa , Lanfredi Mariangela , Meloni Serena , Ferrari Clarissa , Macis Ambra , Lopizzo Nicola , Zonca Valentina , Cattaneo Annamaria
Published: June 2021

Background: Emotional dysregulation (ED) constitutes a relevant factor involved in the onset and maintenance of many mental disorders. Targeting ED during adolescence could be determinant both to identify high risk individuals and to promote preventive interventions. This study will aim to evaluate the impact of a brief Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)-based intervention for adolescent students by measuring changes in emotional regulation skills and impulsive behaviors. Moreover, alterations in biological features related to stress response and inflammation will be assessed as potential biological variables associated to ED.Methods: This is a randomized trial. A total of 20 classes of adolescent students will be recruited among high schools in Brescia, a city in the North of Italy. They will be randomized to the psychoeducational intervention (experimental group) or to a control condition (control group). The intervention will be based on DBT Skills Training for Emotional Problem Solving for Adolescents, and it will consist in four monthly 2-hours sessions (for a total of 8 hours) scheduled during regular school-time. Participants will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 3 and 6-month of follow-up. The primary outcome measures will be represented by changes in the use of emotional regulation skills (measured by the DBT-Ways of Coping Checklist) and by changes in the frequency of impulsive behaviours (measured by an ad-hoc created checklist). Salivary samples will be collected at baseline and post-intervention to explore possible biological features underlying ED.Discussion: Data from the present project will offer the opportunity to better understand the complex phenomenon of ED. Repeated assessment will cover several domains (emotional, behavioral, social, biological) as potential factors associated with ED. Moreover, it will be possible to measure the effect of the proposed intervention, contributing to improve knowledge on the impact of school-based universal preventive programs. Finally, the current trial will propose an integrated screening- and intervention-based model. Ultimately, this could reduce barriers to youth’s mental health care by fostering collaboration between schools and mental health services. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04349709. Registration date: 16/04/2020https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04349709
Metabolic And Biochemical Changes Associated With Root Growth Restriction Under Cd Stress During Maize Pre-Emergence
Authors: Matayoshi Carolina L. , Pena Liliana B. , Arbona Vicent , Gómez-Cadenas Aurelio , Gallego Susana M.
Published: June 2021

Cadmium (Cd) pollution of agricultural soils is a growing global problem. Plant growth restriction is the main visible symptom of Cd toxicity, and this metal may be particularly harmful to the preformed, seminal root during the pre-emergence stage. In the present study, we focused on Cd phytotoxicity on seminal root growth, nutrient composition, redox status, and hormone homeostasis during the pre-emergence stage, distinguishing between the root apex and the remaining root tissue. After 72 h of metal exposure (50 and 100 µM CdCl2), root length and biomass was diminished, as well as Ca, Fe, Mg, and Mn contents. A redox imbalance was evidenced by changes in peroxidase activities and decreased ascorbate-dehydroascorbate ratio in both root parts. There was less accumulation of carbonylated proteins in both root fractions upon exposition to 50 µM Cd, compared to 100 µM Cd, and this was related to increased 20S proteasome activities. Cd incremented ABA, IAA, and SA contents, but drastically reduced the biologically active gibberellin GA4 and the conjugate jasmonoyl isoleucine (JA-Ile). We demonstrated that the whole root tissue is involved in maize response to Cd stress, which entails redox and hormonal rearrangements, probably directed to widen plant defense lines at the expense of root growth.
Factors associated with single-family home survival in the 2018 Camp Fire, California
Authors: Knapp Eric , Valachovic Yana S , Quarles Stephen L , Johnson Nels G
Published: June 2021

Background

The 2018 Camp Fire, which destroyed 18,804 structures in northern California, including most of the town of Paradise, provided an opportunity to investigate vegetation and housing factors associated with home loss and determine whether California's 2008 adoption of exterior building codes for homes in the wildland-urban-interface (WUI) improved survival. We randomly sampled single-family homes constructed: before 1997, 1997 to 2007, and 2008 to 2018, the latter two time periods being before and after changes to the building code. We then quantified the nearby overstory canopy cover and the distance to the nearest destroyed home and structure from aerial imagery. Using post-fire photographs, we also assessed fire damage and assigned a cause for damaged but not destroyed homes.
Results

Homes built prior to 1997 fared poorly, with only 11.5% surviving, compared with 38.5% survival for homes built in 1997 and after. The difference in survival percentage for homes built immediately before and after the adoption of Chap. 7A in the California Building Code (37% and 44%, respectively), was not statistically significant. Distance to nearest destroyed structure, number of structures destroyed within 100 m, and overstory canopy cover within 100 m of the home were the strongest predictors of survival, but significant interactions with the construction time period suggested that factors contributing to survival differed for homes of different ages. Homes > 18 from a destroyed structure and in areas with overstory canopy cover within 30–100 m of the home of < 53% survived at a substantially higher rate. Most fire damage to surviving homes resulted from radiant heat from nearby burning structures or flame impingement from ignition of near-home combustible materials.
Conclusions

Strong associations between distance to nearest destroyed structure and vegetation within 100 m and home survival in the Camp Fire indicates building and vegetation modifications are possible that would substantially improve outcomes. Among those include improvements to windows and siding in closest proximity to neighboring structures, treatment of wildland fuels, and eliminating near-home combustibles, especially in areas closest to the home (0-1.5 m).
The Lag Effect of Long-Term Exposure to PM2.5 on Esophageal Cancer in Urban-Rural Areas Across China
Authors: li peng , Guo Xiya , Jing Jing , Hu Wenbiao , Wei Wen-Qiang , Qi Xin , Zhuang Guihua
Published: June 2021

Long-term exposure to PM 2.5 pollution is a significant health concern and increases risks for cancers in China. However, the studies regarding the effect of PM 2.5 and esophageal cancer incidence (ECI) among urban-rural areas are limited. In this study, we examined the sex- and area-specific association between long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and ECI, as well as explored the corresponding lag effects on ECI using a geographical weighted Poisson regression. We found that each 10 ug/m 3 PM 2.5 caused ECI risk increases of 1.22% (95% CI: 1.09%, 1.36%) and 1.90% (95% CI: 1.66%, 2.14%) for males and females after covariates controlled, respectively, during the study period. Moreover, the higher 0.17% and 0.64% incidence risks for males and females in rural areas than urban areas, as well as a larger lag period in rural areas, respectively. In addition, higher risks for both sexes appeared in north, northwestern, and east China. The findings indicated that long-term exposure to PM 2.5 was significantly associated with increased risks for ECI, which reinforce a comprehensive understanding for ECI related to PM 2.5.
After Total Knee Arthroplasty Different Knee Position Bring Distinct Effects-a Prospective Study of One Hundred Patients
Authors: zheng ke , Liu Wen-xiang , Zhang Jie-bin
Published: June 2021

Background Following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) blood loss is a major factor influencing functional recovery and quality of life in patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postoperative leg position on blood loss and functional recovery after TKA.Methods One hundred consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective randomized study, which with degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee. An equal number of patients were randomly allocated to either flexion or extension groups. In the flexion group, the affected leg was elevated 45° at the hip and with 45° of flexion at the knee, while patients in the extension group had the knee extended fully. Primary outcomes were calculated total blood loss (CBL), hidden blood loss(HBL), intraoperative blood loss(IBL),haemoglobin(HB) level and haematocrit(HCT).Results CBL, HBL, postoperative levels of HB and HCT, drop level of HB and HCT between the two groups after 72 hours were significantly different, with patients in the flexion group experiencing lower blood loss than those in the extension group (P < 0.05).However, there no difference between groups in the postoperative levels of HB and HCT, drop level of HB and HCT at 24 hours. Even though after 1 week range of motion (ROM) was statistical difference in groups, but after 6-week rehabilitation, patients from both groups attained a similar ROM in the knee. Conclusions The results of this study definite that after TKA execute the protocol，maintaining a position with the hip 45°flexion and the knee flexed at 45° prolong 48 hours, is an effective method for reducing blood loss and increasing functional ROM.
Clinicopathological Factors Associated with Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Resection of Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm
Authors: Paredes Oscar , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Luque-Vasquez Carlos , Chavez Ivan , Payet Eduardo , Ruiz Eloy , Celis Juan , Berrospi Francisco , Paredes Kori
Published: June 2021

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is an uncommon pathology with a low-grade malignancy. Surgery is the milestone treatment. Nevertheless, despite appropriate management, some patients present recurrence. Risk factors associated with recurrence are unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the clinicopathological factors associated with recurrence in patients with the diagnosis of SPN treated with pancreatic resection.Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, medical records of patients treated with pancreatic resection from January 2006 to January 2020 were evaluated. Patients with histological diagnosis of SPN were included. Survival analysis was performed to identify the clinicopathological factors related to recurrence.Results: A total of 589 patients underwent pancreatectomy and, 74(12.6%) were diagnosed with SPN. Seventy patients (94.6%) were female and 4 were male. The median age was 20 years old and, 49(67%) patients were <28 years. The principal symptom was abdominal pain (n=62)(83.8%). The pancreatic head was the most frequent tumor localization (n=32)(43.2%). Distal pancreatectomy was performed in 33(44.6%) patients, followed by pancreaticoduodenectomy (n=32)(43.2%). The median tumor diameter was 7.9cm and, 24(32%) patients presented tumors ≥ 10 cm. Multivisceral resection was performed in 9(12.2%) patients. Four(5.4%) patients presented lymph node metastasis. R0 resection was achieved in all cases. The overall 90-days postoperative morbidity and mortality were 54% and 1.4%, respectively. The pancreatic fistula was the principal postoperative complication(n=27;36.5%). Six(8%) patients presented recurrence after pancreas resection. Liver metastasis was the most frequent recurrence site(n=5). After a median follow-up of 40.2 months, 9(12%) patients died. Five(6.8%) patients died of disease progression. The 1-3-and-5-year OS was 97.1%,90.2% and 79.9%, respectively. The 1-3-and-5-year RFS was 98.4%,89.9% and 87%, respectively. In the univariate Cox regression analysis, age ≥28 years (HR=8.61,95%CI:1.1–73.8), tumor diameter ≥10cm (HR=9.3,95%CI:1.12-79.6), invasion of adjacent organs (HR=7.45,95%CI:1.5–36.9), lymph node metastasis (pN+) (HR=16.8,95%CI:2.96–94.9) and, AJCC(TNM) Stage III (HR=10.1,95%CI:1.2–90.9) were identified as predictors for recurrence. Conclusions: SPN is more frequently diagnosed in young women with a good overall prognosis after an R0 surgical resection even with disease recurrence. Age ≥28 years, larger tumors ≥10cm, invasion of adjacent organs, lymph node metastasis(N+) and, AJCC Stage III were predictors factors of recurrence in resected SPN.
Machine Learning Algorithms for the Identification of Potential Non-Syndromic Intellectual Disability Associated miRNAs
Authors: Betancur Julián González , Guevara-Coto José A , Romero Adarli
Published: June 2021

Background: Intellectual disabilities (IDs) are a group of developmental disorders with high phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. Association of genetic elements to IDs has typically been empirically accomplished, however recently, machine learning (ML) has proved to be an excellent instrument to elucidate these associations. miRNAs are short non-coding molecules that participate in spatiotemporal gene regulation, making them relevant for the understanding ID causality. Methods: In this study we used the BrainSpan spatio-temporal expression database to develop a series of machine learning predictors: SVM, RF, FF-ANN, and Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier. These models were capable of recognizing gene expression profiles. The best classifier was used to label miRNAs associated with NS-IDs using the BrainSpan expression profiles. Results: The model with the best performance was a FF-ANN with 0.78 of F1-score, 0.78 of weighted recall and 0.78 of weighted precision. We used this model to identify miRNAs with high probability to be associated with NS-IDs using the spatio-temporal gene expression profile in the human brain. Labeled miRNAs that were annotated were associated with processes related to either IDs and-or neurodevelopmental processes. Conclusions: The development of a machine learning framework that identified potential NS-ID miRNAs represents an interesting approach for the identification of a potential list of on genes that could be subject for further experimental validation. This study also reinforces the potential of machine learning frameworks in their discovery of potential biomarkers that could improve disease detection and management. Keywords: miRNA association; artificial intelligence; machine learning; intellectual disability; biomarker
Favourable Functional Outcomes In Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis- A Single Centre Experience Over 15 Years
Authors: Janardana Ramya , N Sangeetha K. , Bhat Vasudha , Balakrishnan Divya , Raj John Michael , Pinto Benzeeta , K Chanakya , Nadig Raghunandan , Mahadevan Anita , Shobha Vineeta
Published: June 2021

Background: To describe the long term clinical outcome and prognostic factors associated with outcome in a longitudinal cohort of idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, IIM patients were classified as per Bohan and Peter criteria. In those with ≥ 24 months of follow-up; treatment response, functional outcomes [health assessment questionnaire-disability index(HAQ-DI) and modified Rankin score(MRS)], Myositis damage index(MDI) at last follow-up was recorded. Results: The cohort consists of 175 patients, with a mean age of 40.9(+12.6) years, M:F 1:3.3; the IIM subsets were dermatomyositis(DM) 78(44.6%), overlap myositis(OM) 45(25.7%), antisynthetase syndrome(ASS) 11(6.3%), polymyositis(PM) 25(14.3%) and juvenile DM/OM in 15(8.6%) patients. Mortality rate was 13.4% and disease related deaths was 9.1%. Ninety-four patients have followed up for >24 months, the median (IQR) of 65(35,100.7) months. At last follow-up, 13.8% were in treatment free remission, 73.4%, 11.7% had complete clinical response and partial clinical response with treatment respectively. HAQ-DI and MRS were favourable in > 90% of patients. At last follow-up, one-third were off-steroids. Discontinuation of steroids was associated with HAQ-DI of 0 and lower MRS. Complete clinical response on/off medication at last follow-up was associated with HAQ-DI of 0[OR10.9; 95%CI(3.3,160)], better MRS[OR 3.2; 95%CI(1.4,7.3)] and lesser MDI[OR 1.7; 95% CI(1.1,2.7)] at the last follow-up as compared to partial response. Baseline parameters and IIM subsets did not significantly influence outcome.Conclusion: Our longitudinal cohort of IIM had a good outcome in all major myositis subsets. Partial clinical response on treatment is associated with worse functional outcomes and damage accrual.
Multi-Objective Optimal Model for Sustainable Management of Groundwater Resources in an Arid and Semi-arid Area Using a Coupled Optimization-Simulation Modeling
Authors: tabari mahmoud mohammad rezapour , Eilbeigi Mehdi , chitsazan Manouchehr
Published: June 2021

Increased abstraction from the aquifer, in addition to the progressive drawdown of groundwater table can increase the concentration of pollutants. This research, optimal scenario for withdrawing water from wells is proposed for the aquifer sustainable development. The aquifer quantitative and qualitative simulation was carried out with the GMS model. The developed code in MATLAB2018b provides the link between the simulation and the NSGA-II optimization tools. Optimal scenario was chosen based on applying the Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and Berda Aggregation Method (BAM). The results show that reducing the current withdrawal rate to 51.55% can establish the quantitative and qualitative stability of the aquifer. The spatial and temporal distribution of nitrate concentration after applying the optimal discharge of wells shows that the nitrate concentration in central and eastern parts of the aquifer have greatly reduced. The developed structure can be used to improve the quantitative and qualitative status of any aquifer.
A Comparative Study of Swine Tissue Composting With Woodchips, Rice Husk And Wheat Straw
Authors: Han Zhenzhen , Ruan Xinyi , Yang Xuchen , Shan Yajing , Chai Jin , Zheng Rong
Published: June 2021

This study evaluated the performance of woodchips (WS), rice husk (RH) and wheat straw (ST) in swine tissue composting. The ST treatment was shown to first reach the highest temperature (55℃) at 12 d of composting and lasted 9 days. The total nitrogen content (TN) was higher and nitrogen loss was lower in ST than in WS or RH treatment. Ammonium nitrogen content(AN) analysis demonstrated lower NH3 emission in ST than in WS or RH treatment. Bacterial community analysis indicated that bacterial diversity was higher in ST than in WS or RH treatment. The most dominant genera in all composting treatments were Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Brevibacterium, Saccharoporyspora, Acinetobacter, Sphingobacterium, Devosia, Rhizobium, Microbacterium and Sanguibacter. The dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Sphingobacterium in ST treatment, Streptomyces, Acinetobacter and Sphingopyxis in WS treatment, and Sanguibacter, Pedobacter and Gordonia in RH treatment. Spearman correlation analysis revealed positive relationship of Brevibacterium, Devosia, Sanguibacter, Brachybacterium and Promicromonospora to temperature; Brevibacterium and Staphylococcus to TN; Brevibacterium, Devosia, Microbacterium, Sanguibacter, Brachybacterium and Promicromonospora to AN. This research provides useful information for improving the efficiency of swine tissue composting.
The Feasibility of a Novel Dose Painting Procedure to Treat Prostate Cancer Based on mpMR Images and Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Rezaeijo Seyed Masoud , Hashemi Bijan , Mofid Bahram , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Mahdavi Arash , Hashemi Mohammad Saber
Published: June 2021

BackgroundWe aimed to assess the feasibility of a novel dose painting (DP) procedure for treating prostate cancer with dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) based on mpMR images and hierarchical clustering with a machine learning technique. MethodsThe mpMR images of 120 patients were used to create hierarchical clustering and draw a dendrogram. Three clusters were selected for performing agglomerative clustering. Then, the DIL acquired from the mpMR images of 20 patients were categorized into three groups to have them treated with a novel DP procedure being composed of three planning target volumes (PTVs) determined as PTV1, PTV2, and PTV3 in treatment plans. The DP procedure was carried out on the patients wherein a total dose of 80, 85, and 91 Gy were delivered to the PTV1, PTV2, and PTV3, respectively. Dosimetric and radiobiologic parameters (TCP & NTCP) of the DP procedure were compared with those of the conventional IMRT and 3DCRT procedures carried out on another group of 20 patients. A post-treatment follow-up was also made four months after the radiotherapy procedures.ResultsAll the dosimetric variables and the NTCPs of the organs at risks revealed no significant difference between the DP and IMRT procedures. Regarding the TCP of three investigated PTVs, significant differences were observed between the DP vs. IMRT and also DP vs. 3DCRT procedures. At post-treatment follow-up, the DIL volumes and ADC values in the DP group differed significantly (p-value<0.001) from those of the IMRT. However, the whole prostate ADC and PSA indicated no significant difference (p-value>0.05) between the DP vs. IMRT. ConclusionsThe results of this comprehensive clinical trial illustrated the feasibility of our novel DP procedure for treating prostate cancer based on mpMR images validated with acquired patients’ dosimetric and radiobiologic assessment and their follow-ups. This study confirms significant potential of the proposed DP procedure as a promising treatment planning to achieve effective dose escalation and treatment for prostate cancer.Trial registrationIRCT20181006041257N1; Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Registered: 23 Oct. 2019, https://en.irct.ir/trial/34305
Novel Predictors For New Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Typical Atrial Flutter Ablation: An Invasive Prospective Study
Authors: Vallès Ermengol , Martí-Almor Julio , Grau Nuria , Casteigt Benjamin , Benito Begoña , Cabrera Sandra , Alcalde Oscar , Benito Eva , Bas Deva , Conejos Javi , Cabero Paula , Soler Cristina , Duran Xavier , Fan Roger , Jimenez Jesus
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Patients undergoing cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation for typical flutter (AFL) have a high incidence of new onset atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to analyze the incidence and predictors for new onset AF in this subset of patients to stratify thromboembolic risk. Methods: Between 2016 and 2019, 70 patients without history of AF but with high-risk for developing AF, based on a recent AFL ablation or a high PACE score for AF risk, were prospectively included. All patients were monitored continuously by implantable loop recorder and followed by remote monitoring.Results: Overall 48 patients were included after CTI ablation and 22 patients were included based on a high PACE score. New onset AF rate at 12 months was significantly higher in the AFL group compared to PACE group (56.3% vs 22.7%, p=0.011). History of AFL was the only independent predictor for new onset AF (HR:3.82; 95% CI:1.46-10.03; p=0.006) at a median follow-up of 12 months (Q1-Q3:4-19 months). In the AFL group, two very strong independent predictors for new onset AF were a PACE score ³30 (HR:6.9; 95% CI:1.71-27.91; p=0.007) and HV interval ³55 (HR:11.86; 95% CI:2.57-54.8; p=0.002).Conclusions: AFL is the most important predictor for new onset AF. In patients undergoing AFL ablation, a high PACE score and/or long HV interval predict even higher risk, and may be useful in decision for empiric long-term anticoagulation.
Cold application for pain and anxiety reduction following chest tube removal : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Chia-Te , Tung Heng-Hsin , Chen Yen-Chin , Wang Jiun-Ling , Tsai Sheng-Han , Huang Yen-Ta , Hsu Teh-Fu
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective: Data on the effects of cold application on reducing pain and anxiety after chest tube removal (CTR) are inconsistent. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of cold application on pain and anxiety reduction after CTR.Methods: We searched six databases, including Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, the Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System, and Airiti Library, to identify relevant articles up to the end of February 2021. We limited the language to English and Chinese and the design to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All studies were reviewed by two independent investigators. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and Review Manager 5.4 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results: Ten RCTs with 623 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The use of cold application could effectively reduce immediate pain and had persistent effects on pain after CTR. There were significant effects of cold application on reducing anxiety. The meta-regression showed that a drop in skin temperature to the 13°C target of cold application was significantly more effective for the immediate reduction in pain intensity compared with receiving up to 20 minutes target of cold application.Conclusion: Cold application is a safe and easy-to-administer nonpharmacological method with immediate and persistent effects on pain and anxiety relief after CTR. In particular, skin temperature drops to the 13°C target of cold application were effective for immediate reduction of pain intensity following CTR.
Genetic Architecture of Protein Expression and its Regulation in the Mouse Brain
Authors: Erickson Alyssa , Zhou Suiping , Luo Jie , Li Ling , Huang He , Xu Hai-Ming , Peng Junmin , Lu Lu , Wang Xusheng
Published: June 2021

Background
Natural variation in protein expression is common in all organisms and contributes to phenotypic differences among individuals. While variation in gene expression at the transcript level has been extensively investigated, the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in protein expression have lagged considerably behind. Here we investigate genetic architecture of protein expression by profiling a deep mouse brain proteome of two inbred strains, C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2), and their reciprocal F1 hybrids using two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/LC-MS/MS) technology.
Results
By comparing protein expression levels in the four mouse strains, we observed 329 statistically significant differentially expressed proteins between the two parental strains and identified four common inheritance patterns, including 1,133 dominant, 980 additive, 63 over- and 62 under-dominant expression. We further applied the proteogenomic approach to detect variant peptides and define protein allele-specific expression (pASE), identifying 33 variant peptides with cis‐effects and 17 variant peptides showing trans‐effects. Comparison of regulation at transcript and protein levels show a significant divergence.
Conclusions
The results provide a comprehensive analysis of genetic architecture of protein expression and the contribution of cis- and trans‐acting regulatory differences to protein expression.