bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stepwise Irregular Graphs and Their Metric-Based Resolvability Parameters
Authors: Akhter Nahid , Al-Hossain Ahmad Al-Nashri
Published: May 2022

If the degrees of any two consecutive vertices differ by exactly one, the graph is called a stepwise irregular graph. The study of choosing specific vertices in an ordered subset of the vertex set such that no two vertices have the same representations with regard to the chosen subset is known as resolving parameters. This concept has been expanded for edges as well as a combined version of both. We examine a unique unicyclic stepwise irregular graph and an extended structure of stepwise irregular graph in terms of resolvability parameters to connect the stepwise irregular graph and resolving parameter concepts.
Architecture Design and Code Implementation of Road Network Path Search System
Authors: Shen Hongmin , Pan Hongzhou
Published: May 2022

Path search is a hot issue in computer science and artificial intelligence science. When the user enters the starting point and ending point to be queried in the road network path search system, the system will return the best path to the user. In this paper, the road network path search system that can run and calculate the optimal navigation path to the test data is developed by designing the software architecture through the comprehensive use of database design, programming language, shortest path algorithm, UML diagram, software development model, GIS system source data, and other methods. Based on the software design principles of scalability, flexibility, and pluggability, the design and code in this paper can be practically applied to various systems such as GIS, GPS, logistics robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, and autonomous vehicles to realize their road network path planning and navigation functions.
Radar Target Recognition and Location Based on CapsNetv2
Authors: Hao Jiaxing , Wang Xuetian , Yang Sen , Gao Hongmin
Published: May 2022

For precise detection and positioning of weapons and equipment under complex ground backgrounds and weather-changing aerial backgrounds. Compared with the traditional convolutional neural networks, the Capsule Network (CapsNet) is more suitable for identifying weapons and equipment in complex backgrounds because it uses vectors as input for the first time, which can well retain the characteristic information such as the direction and the angle of the target. Therefore, this paper proposes a radar target classification algorithm based on the combination of CapsNetv2 and infrared lidar, which simplifies the convolutional layer of the traditional 9 × 9 capsule network through a 1 × 1 reduction layer and a 3 × 3 convolution kernel, and adopts a double-layer capsule layer. Two prediction frames are obtained to improve the recognition accuracy; at the same time, the output volume retains the direction and the angle, which can more accurately classify the radar targets in various complex backgrounds. Applying the method proposed in this article to the MSTAR dataset shows that the radar target positioning is accurate. The rate increases to 99.5%. Finally, compared with the AlexNet and the YOLOv4 methods designed by Alex Krizhevsky, the proposed radar target recognition method can accurately and quickly identify weapons and equipment from complex backgrounds. The results obtained from the CapsNetv2 are accurately compared with other methods’ in complex backgrounds. The proposed method significantly improves the efficiency of military inspections.
Euler’s Numerical Method on Fractional DSEK Model under ABC Derivative
Authors: Khan Fareeha Sami , Khalid M. , Bazighifan Omar , El-Mesady A.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, DSEK model with fractional derivatives of the Atangana‐Baleanu Caputo (ABC) is proposed. This paper gives a brief overview of the ABC fractional derivative and its attributes. Fixed point theory has been used to establish the uniqueness and existence of solutions for the fractional DSEK model. According to this theory, we will define two operators based on Lipschitzian and prove that they are contraction mapping and relatively compact. Ulam‐Hyers stability theorem is implemented to prove the fractional DSEK model’s stability in Banach space. Also, fractional Euler’s numerical method is derived for initial value problems with ABC fractional derivative and implemented on fractional DSEK model. The symmetric properties contribute to determining the appropriate method for finding the correct solution to fractional differential equations. The numerical solutions generated using fractional Euler’s method have been plotted for different values of α where α ∈ (0,1] and different step sizes h. Result discussion will be given, describing the changes that occur due to the step size h.
Investigation of Loss of Feedwater (LOFW) Accident in the APR-1400 Using Fault Tree Analysis
Authors: Zubair Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Nuclear power plants play a significant role in the contribution of electricity generation on a global scale. Various reactor designs have advantages over others in different aspects. APR-1400 is a pressurized water reactor that is deemed safe due to the redundancy and independence of the multiple safety systems. Probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) is well known for its effectiveness in the representation of risk and safety analysis of the systems in a nuclear power plant. It provides different scenarios of system failure and accident progression via fault tree analysis. A loss of feedwater (LOFW) accident may occur due to numerous reasons such as spurious closure of valves, component failure of heaters, pumps, tanks, or a loss of offsite power (LOOP) event. In the present research, a methodology has been developed that aims to investigate different factors contributing to the loss of feedwater. This research also aims to analyze LOFW accidents by developing fault tree models for the main feedwater system of the APR-1400 to identify the basic events, which may lead to a loss of feedwater accidents. The results of the top event probabilities, risk decrease factor (RDF), risk increase factor (RIF), minimal cut sets (MCS), basic event probabilities, and sensitivity analysis were compared with the WASH-1400 database. It has been found that the control valve (V04) and main feedwater isolation valve (V05) have more contribution to the LOFW accident. The common cause failure (CCF) analysis has been carried out, and it was found that the flow toward the check valve and steam generator are most critical for CCF.
Modularized Information Fusion Design of Urban Garden Landscape in Big Data Background
Authors: Xu Peiye , Wei Chao
Published: May 2022

Traditional information fusion model has the problem of low efficiency in urban landscape design. In addition, using the current method to design urban commercial landscape public facilities, there are problems of large regional space occupation and unsatisfactory design effect. This paper designs a new modular information fusion model for urban landscape design process in view of genetic back propagation. On the basis of preprocessing sensor images, a digital elevation model is created using an ordered numerical sequence. Then, the stereo orthophoto image pair is obtained through the artificial parallax assistance mechanism, and the 3D garden landscape is generated by combining with the ant colony algorithm. The positive feedback mechanism of the ant colony algorithm is used to make the processing process converge continuously, and the optimal 3D garden landscape is finally generated by obtaining stereo orthophoto pairs through the artificial parallax-assisted mechanism. At the same time, the strong robustness and fault tolerance of neural network and parallel processing mechanism are utilized for fast information fusion. The scale and resources of garden design are described by the process dimension and the context dimension, and a modular garden landscape with distinct main body is built. Finally, the initial weight is optimized in the genetic real number coding algorithm, and the appropriate learning factor is selected to train the neural network so as to make the information fusion task. Experimental results show that the above model fusion process has good stability and low energy consumption for information fusion, which can promote the efficient construction of garden landscapes.
A Hybrid Intelligent System for Company Financial Risk Detection Based on Tree-Based Model and Deep Neural Network
Authors: Wei Jingya
Published: May 2022

At present, the process of security issuance in China has changed from examination and approval system to approval system. With the increasing stock that enters the capital market through the IPO, establishing an effective financial risk monitoring and control system of listed companies has great practical significance and application value. In the perspective of big data, this paper constructs a new practical financial early warning integration model. A total of 32,283 financial statements of 3,025 listed companies are collected from 2000 to 2017. First, this paper collected and built a financial crisis prediction database: a total of 32,283 financial statements of 3,025 listed companies occurred from year 2000 to 2017 and corresponding financial indicators including 6 primary indicators and 25 secondary indicators are collected. Next, the financial crisis model based on financial indicators is proposed and trained by the classic machine learning method such as random forest and gradient boosting decision tree. And then, through natural language processing and deep learning technology, this paper also builds a financial crisis prediction model based on financial statement text. Finally, an ensemble model is proposed and its performances are evaluated; the results indicate that the proposed ensemble model performed the best and significantly outperforms other benchmark methods for financial crisis prediction and identification, indicating that it can be employed as an intelligent identification system to enhance identification accuracy for early warning and identification of financial crisis of listed companies in China stock marketing.
Generalized Estimation for Two-Parameter Life Time Distributions Based on Fuzzy Life Times
Authors: Shah Syed Habib , Shafiq Muhammad , Zaman Qamruz
Published: May 2022

Ongoing developments of the measurement sciences say that measurements based on continuous phenomena are no more precise observations but more or less fuzzy. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize this imprecision of observations to obtain such estimators, which are based on all the available information that is given in the form of randomness and fuzziness. Objective of this research was to get such parameter estimation procedure that utilizes all the available information for some well-known two-parameter life time distributions. Therefore, the estimators need to be generalized in such a way to cover both uncertainties. For this purpose, based on

δ

-cuts of the life time observations, the generalized estimators are developed in such manner to cover stochastic variation in addition to fuzziness. The proposed generalized estimators are much preferred over classical estimators for life time analysis as these are based on all the available information present in the form of fuzziness of single observations and random variation among the observations to make suitable inferences.
Rough Fuzzy Ideals Induced by Set-Valued Homomorphism in Ternary Semigroups
Authors: Bashir Shahida , Aslam Muhammad , Mazhar Rabia , Asghar Junaid
Published: May 2022

The main objective of this paper is to characterize rough approximations of fuzzy ideals in ternary semigroups. Rough fuzzy ideals are used to deal with vague and incomplete information in decision-making problems. In this research, approximations for fuzzy prime ideals in ternary semigroups are studied. It is proved that generalized lower approximations and generalized upper approximations of

∈
,
∈
∨
q

-fuzzy prime (resp., semiprime) ideals of ternary semigroups are

∈
,
∈
∨
q

-fuzzy prime (resp., semiprime) ideals. For this, the concept of SSVH (strong set-valued homomorphism) and SVH (set-valued homomorphism) is used. Also, it is shown by examples that the lower approximations of fuzzy subsemigroups and fuzzy ideals are not fuzzy subsemigroups and fuzzy ideals, respectively, for SVH.
Quality Evaluation of Three Kinds of Hickories Based on Grey Relational Analysis and Entropy-Weight Theory
Authors: Hu Yanrong , Liu Hongjiu , Tang Wanyu
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the nutritional ingredient, aroma component, and texture of three kinds of hickories, including American hickory, Chinese Linan hickory, and Chinese Hunan hickory, were tested by instruments. The quality of different hickory varieties was analyzed at three levels by using the grey entropy correlation analysis, namely, the single nutrient composition analysis; nutritional composition and texture analysis; nutrient composition, texture, and aroma analysis. Through the analysis of nutritional composition, American hickory gets the highest score (80.6945), followed by Linan hickory (74.9987), and Hunan hickory has the lowest score (58.5925). Through the analysis of nutrition composition and texture, Linan hickory has the highest score (80.89), American hickory is the second (71.77), and Hunan hickory is last (61.62). Through the analysis of nutrition composition, texture and aroma, Linan hickory has the highest score (75.91), followed by American hickory (74.17), and Hunan hickory has the lowest score (64.20). Finally, the comprehensive evaluation of Linan hickory quality index score is the highest. The main factors contributing to the high score of Linan hickory include superior fatty acid spectrum, aminogram and higher initial chewing hardness, moderate crispness of secondary chewing, optimal palatability, and unique aroma components ((S)-2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-pentene, (+/−)-2-methylbutyric acid methyl ester ethyl butyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl phthalate, decene, (1S)-(−)-β-pinene). The research results provide a basis for consumers to understand the quality differences of different hickories.
Digital Reconstruction Method of Power Metering Production Data Based on Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Wang Hao , Shen Hongtao , Li Chong , Li Bing , Wang Yi , Wang Ruiming , Yang Zhaosheng
Published: May 2022

With the continuous improvement of the integration and intelligence of ubiquitous power Internet of things system equipment, its cost in life cycle management such as data service, operation monitoring, and safety protection is becoming higher and higher. At the same time, the probability of power grid failure, reduced operation efficiency, and function failure will gradually increase with the development of its scale. Accurately evaluating the metering performance of distribution network digital metering system in the operation of power system and improving its accuracy, stability, and reliability are the key issues for its future use in power trade settlement. In this paper, a digital reconstruction method of power metering production data based on digital twin is proposed. The operation data of power system is collected in real time through the data acquisition module, the operation data is analysed, identified, and predicted, and then the analysis, identification, and prediction results are used to realize the visualization and digitization of operation data. Further, the operation data of the digital metering system are monitored and analysed to verify the effectiveness of the method. The advantages and disadvantages of the design scheme of the digital metering system are obtained by analysing the active power error, which provides the basis of practice and selection for the application of the digital metering system.
Explore the Application Effect of Wireless Networks in Smart Clothing Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Cui Xiaoyue
Published: May 2022

In the twenty-first century, every individual visualizes enough technological development on both the electrical and electronics sides. At the same time, they were studying artificial intelligence (AI) concepts and trying to implement them in software and hardware parts. Accuracy can be achieved by using sensors, with a combination of software and hardware. Most of the proposed concepts might respond when both clothing technology and AI are attached. While eliminating sensors from the technological concept, there would be a massive change while enhancing essential comfort and transformation. With the help of human commands, the work can be performed accurately as the machines lag in self-thinking ability. In this case, accuracy is one of the most important things to be noted. Having a shared understanding of such concepts as sensor management, cloth adjustment, and design selection will give extra time-saving moments to complete the work. In this research, a digital filter and a QRS (Quick Response System) detection algorithm were implemented to explore smart clothing through wireless networks and AI technologies. The results proved that the proposed algorithm works better than the existing algorithm by providing 2% increased accuracy.
Increased Serum Levels of sCD206 Are Associated with Adverse Prognosis in Patients with HBV-Related Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Xiao Nanxi , Liu Qi , Nie Yuan , Zhu Xuan
Published: May 2022

Background. HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DeCi) is attracting considerable attention due to disease acceleration and substantial mortality. Macrophages regulate the fibrotic process in DeCi. Soluble CD206 (sCD206) is primarily expressed by macrophages. We aimed to investigate whether sCD206 predicts mortality in patients with HBV-DeCi. Materials and Methods. A total of 382 patients were enrolled between February 2020 and February 2021 and divided into nonsurviving and surviving groups according to 28-day, 3-month, and 6-month outcomes. Cox regression analysis was performed to confirm the independent prognostic factors of HBV-DeCi, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to draw survival curves of sCD206. The predictive value of sCD206 was assessed at three time points according to the AUROC. Results. The serum sCD206 level was significantly higher in deceased patients than surviving patients. Multivariate analysis showed that the level of sCD206 was related to an increased risk of 28-day, 3-month, and 6-month mortality (

HR
=
3.914

,

P
<
0.001

;

HR
=
3.895

,

P
<
0.001

; and

HR
=
4.063

,

P
<
0.001

, respectively). Patients with higher sCD206 levels had a worse prognosis than those with lower sCD206 levels. The best separation between the decedents and survivors was obtained by using the sCD206 level (AUROC: 0.830, 0.802, and 0.784, respectively) at 28 days, 3 months, and 6 months. Conclusion. The macrophage-related marker serum sCD206 was associated with mortality in HBV-DeCi patients. High levels of serum sCD206 indicated a poor prognosis in these patients. Serum sCD206 has great predictive value for short-term and midterm mortality compared with the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores.
Clinical Value of PLR, MLR, and NWR in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: He Baojun , Wu Jieli
Published: May 2022

Objective. The clinical value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-to-white blood cell ratio (NWR) in predicting the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was studied. Methods. A total of 131 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital from May 2015 to June 2018 were selected as the study subjects, and all were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The relationship between the values of PLR, MLR, and NWR and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and clinical staging was analyzed; all patients were followed up for 3 years. Patients were divided into death group and survival group according to the survival of patients. The predictive value of PLR, MLR, and NWR values for patients’ prognosis was analyzed, and the survival rates of patients with different PLR, MLR, and NWR values were compared. Results. The effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer was 62.60% (82/131), and the PLR, MLR, and NWR values in the effective group were lower than those in the ineffective group (

P
<
0.05

). The AUC of combined PLR, MLR, and NWR in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was greater than that of PLR and NWR alone (

P
<
0.05

). The PLR value of patients with stage IIIa, IIIb, and IIIc was greater than that of patients with stage II, the MLR value of patients with stage IIIb and IIIc was greater than that of patients with stage II and IIIa, and the NMR value of patients with stage IIIc was greater than that of patients with stage II, IIIa, and IIIb (

P
<
0.05

). PLR, MLR, and NWR values were positively correlated with clinical stage (

P
<
0.05

). The PLR, MLR, and NWR values in the survival group were lower than those in the death group (

P
<
0.05

). The AUC of combined PLR, MLR, and NWR in predicting the prognosis of patients was greater than that of MLR and NWR alone (

P
<
0.05

). The survival rate of patients with

PLR
≥
162.11

(36.21%) was lower than that of patients with

PLR
<
162.11

(80.82%), and the survival rate of patients with

MLR
≥
0.31

(42.86%) was lower than that of patients with

MLR
<
0.31

(74.67%), and the survival rate of patients with

NWR
≥
0.62

(45.00%) was lower than that of patients with

NWR
<
0.62

(74.65%) (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. PLR, MLR, and NWR values are correlated with clinical stage, and the combined detection has value in evaluating the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and predicting the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.
Influence of Ideological and Political Integration of Curriculum Based on Deep Learning on the Teaching Design of Sports Aerobics
Authors: Li Ming , Luzi Chen Zhai
Published: May 2022

Course ideology and politics (CIAP) have been proposed in recent years, and the concept is relatively new. Therefore, there are few studies related to aerobics in this field, and the related system is not perfect. On the one hand, the research is conducive to broadening the vision of ideological and political education research and promoting the development and reform of CIAP into the physical education discipline. In recent years, the development of deep learning has been rapid. Among them, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have a high degree of nonlinear learning ability, and ANN algorithms have been widely used in data mining applications. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for evaluating the impact of deep learning-based CIAP integration into the sports aerobics teaching design.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Is Associated with the Frailty Status of Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Community
Authors: Ma Xingyu , Tang Hao , Zeng Jinmei , Pan Xueyan , Luo Xiaowen , Liao Jia , Liang Dongmei , Zhang Lei , Zhou Shihao , Yin Mingjuan , Ni Jindong
Published: May 2022

Objective. This study explored the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and frailty status in older adults. Methods. A total of 3,586 participants, 65 years of age and older, with complete data were evaluated. All received a complete frailty assessment and completed a TCM geriatric constitution questionnaire. Baseline characteristics and demographic information were collected. The relationship between the TCM constitution and frailty was evaluated by binary regression analysis. The consistency of the result was tested by multivariate linear regression. Results. The average prevalence of frailty among older adult participants was 12.5%. The three most prevalent biased constitutions in the frail older adult participants were phlegm dampness 140 (31.3%), Yin deficiency 77 (17.2%), and Yang deficiency 47 (10.5%). Univariate analysis showed that TCM constitution significantly correlated with frailty. After adjusting for potential confounders, binary logistic regression found a significant correlation between biased constitutions and frailty, including Qi stagnation (odds ratio (OR) = 3.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.94–6.36)), Qi deficiency ((OR = 3.23, (95% CI: 1.76–5.94)), Yang deficiency ((OR = 2.37, (95% CI: 1.50–3.74)), phlegm dampness ((OR = 1.75, (95% CI: 1.24–2.48)), and Yin deficiency ((OR = 1.70, (95% CI: 1.15–2.50)). Results of multiple linear regression were consistent. Conclusions. TCM constitution was significantly associated with frailty status in older adults, and the distribution was different. Compared with a neutral constitution, older adults with Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency, Yang deficiency, phlegm dampness, and Yin deficiency were more likely to experience frailty.
Nanohydroxyapatite Hydrogel Can Promote the Proliferation and Migration of Chondrocytes and Better Repair Talar Articular Cartilage
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Cui Yi , Tian Jian , Chen Xueming , Xu Tonglong , Liu Jiajia , Xu Yajun
Published: May 2022

As an important load-bearing part of the body, joints are prone to articular cartilage degradation during exercise, resulting in joint pain, swelling, and deformity, which has an adverse impact on patients’ life quality and social medical security. Therefore, this study aims to test an effective biopolymer scaffold in promoting the growth of chondrocytes in talus. Hydrogel (Gel)-nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) was invented as a new type of biopolymer scaffold for osteoarthritis treatment in this research. To detect the effects of Gel-nHA on guidance, cartilage matrix secretion, mineralization, proliferation, and migration of chondrocyte, we cultured chondrocytes to study the biological properties of nHA. It was found that Gel could guide chondrocytes to permeate and migrate, so it could be used as acellular matrix scaffolds for chondrocyte regeneration. In addition, nHA could stimulate chondrocytes to secrete cartilage matrix, such as type II collagen and mucopolysaccharide (GAGs). At the same time, nHA help to induce chondrocyte mineralization and stimulate the secretion of type X collagen, so as to better maintain the integrity of bone cartilage interface. In Gel-nHA, chondrocyte viability could be better maintained, and the proliferation and migration of chondrocytes could be better promoted, so as to better repair the articular cartilage of talus. Therefore, the Gel-nHA scaffold is expected to become an effective method for repairing talus cartilage in the future.
Diagnostic Model of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Used Artificial Intelligence Methods
Authors: Li Yong
Published: May 2022

Background. Preventing in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a crucial step. Objectives. The objective of our research was to develop and externally validate the diagnostic model of in-hospital mortality in acute STEMI patients used artificial intelligence methods. Methods. We divided nonrandomly the American population with acute STEMI into a training set, a test set, and a validation set. We converted the unbalanced data into balanced data. We used artificial intelligence methods to develop and externally validate several diagnostic models. We used confusion matrix combined with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to evaluate the pros and cons of the above models. Results. The strongest predictors of in-hospital mortality were age, gender, cardiogenic shock, atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular fibrillation (VF), third degree atrioventricular block, in-hospital bleeding, underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during hospitalization, underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during hospitalization, hypertension history, diabetes history, and myocardial infarction history. The F2 score of logistic regression in the training set, the test set, and the validation dataset was 0.81, 0.6, and 0.59, respectively. The AUC of logistic regression in the training set, the test set, and the validation data set was 0.77, 0.78, and 0.8, respectively. The diagnostic model built by logistic regression was the best. Conclusion. The strongest predictors of in-hospital mortality were age, gender, cardiogenic shock, AF, VF, third degree atrioventricular block, in-hospital bleeding, underwent PCI during hospitalization, underwent CABG during hospitalization, hypertension history, diabetes history, and myocardial infarction history. We had used artificial intelligence methods developed and externally validated several diagnostic models of in-hospital mortality in acute STEMI patients. The diagnostic model built by logistic regression was the best. We registered this study with the registration number ChiCTR1900027129 (the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) on 1 November 2019).
Clinical Efficacy of Epidural Injections of Local Anesthetic Alone or Combined with Steroid for Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Bang-zhi , Tang Wen-hai , Li Yang , Zhou Lei , Liu Ming-guo , Bao Sheng-Xue
Published: May 2022

Aims. To compare the effectiveness of cervical epidural injections of local anesthetic with vs. without a steroid. Methods. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library) were used to search and assess all clinical randomized controlled trials regarding the clinical efficacy of epidural injections from January 01, 2009, to October 31, 2020. Cochrane review criteria and the Interventional Pain Management Techniques‐Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment instrument were used to evaluate the methodologic quality of the included studies. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed according to best evidence synthesis principles and by single‐arm meta‐analysis, respectively. Results. Based on the search criteria, 4 RCTs were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in the single‐arm meta‐analysis. Treatment with lidocaine alone or with the steroid resulted in decreases of 4.46 and 4.29 points, respectively, in pain scores and of 15.8 and 14.46 points, respectively, in functional scores at 6 months. Similar trends were observed at the 1‐year follow‐up: pain scores decreased by 4.27 and 4.14 points, while functional scores decreased by 15.94 and 14.44 points in patients with neck pain who received lidocaine without or with the steroid, respectively. In the 3 studies that reported 2‐year follow‐up data, patients with neck pain treated with lidocaine or lidocaine + steroid showed 4.2‐ and 4.14‐point decreases, in pain score and 15.92‐ and 14.89‐point decreases, respectively, in functional scores. Conclusions. The studies showed level I (strong) evidence for short‐ and long‐term improvements in pain relief and functionality with cervical epidural injections of local anesthetic alone or with a steroid in the management of neck pain.
Multiple Reflective Cracks in Semirigid Base Asphalt Pavement under Traffic Load Using XFEM
Authors: Guo Lei , Yue Jinchao , Guo Pan , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: May 2022

This paper built a three‐dimensional layered structure model of semirigid base asphalt pavement with single and double transverse reflective cracks based on the Extended Finite Element Method and fatigue fracture theory. The effects of the number of cracks, crack spacing, and crack length on the stress intensity factors (KI, KII, and Keff) under moving vehicle loads were studied. The fracture life of the asphalt pavement structure was calculated based on the Pairs formula. The results demonstrate that reflective cracks in semirigid asphalt pavement are composite cracks of type I and type II under moving vehicle loads, and shear fracture is the main reason for the failure of the base. The damage to the pavement base will be accelerated with the increase in the number of cracks and the length of the cracks. As the distance between the two reflection fractures is closer, the interaction between the cracks has a superimposed enhancement effect on the crack propagation. Compared with the single nonpenetrating crack model, the fatigue life of the nonpenetrating reflective crack in the double crack pavement structure with a crack spacing of 30 cm is reduced by 46.87%. The research on the propagation mechanism of reflective cracks in this paper provides the essential theoretical and numerical basis for the design, construction, working condition evaluation, and maintenance of pavement structures.
Binder‐Loaded Amorphous Nanometer Calcium Phosphate in Preventing Enamel Demineralization in Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Gao Juan , Dang Ni , Zhang Qian , Liang Ying , Wei Xue , Xu Anxiu
Published: May 2022

With the popularization of oral health knowledge, people have gradually realized the importance of orthodontic treatment in oral health, so the number of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment has increased significantly. To improve the effect of orthodontic treatment, this article mainly studied the application of adhesives loaded with amorphous nanocalcium phosphate in the prevention of enamel demineralization in orthodontic patients. In the experiment, we used spray‐drying technology to synthesize NACP. The collected dry particles were dispersed with absolute ethanol, sonicated for 10 minutes, dropped on a 200 ordinary carbon support film, and then dried and observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Prevention of enamel demineralization in orthodontic patients was by adhesive‐loaded amorphous nanocalcium phosphate. In this experiment, the membrane dialysis method was used to release the drug‐loaded nanoparticles. The MH‐5 microhardness tester was used to randomly select 3 positions on the buccal area of the enamel surface to measure the microhardness. After measuring the microhardness of each point, take the average of the readings of the 3 positions. Before and after the experiment, the difference of the enamel surface microhardness before and after the experiment was statistically analyzed. Before the scanning electron microscope observation, to avoid contamination of the window area of the enamel surface, which will cause interference with the scanning electron microscope observation, we use acetone to remove the acid‐resistant nail polish coated on the enamel surface. Clean the attachments on the surface of the teeth first, then fix, dehydrate, and dry. When the release time reaches 52 h, the cumulative release rates of Cur in pH 5.4 and pH 7.4 buffers are 85.84 and 64.68%, respectively. The results show that by adjusting the concentration of PAA, it is possible to configure a mineralized liquid that can not only use the fluidity of NACP to penetrate into the collagen fibers but also transform into HAP within a suitable time, to achieve the purpose of repairing demineralized dentin.
Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Food Security Using Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Qureshi Taimoor , Saeed Muhammad , Ahsan Kamran , Malik Ashfaq Ahmad , Muhammad Emaduddin Shah , Touheed Nasir
Published: May 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is being used in various parts of human life (domestic and commercial) to provide ease in living, safety, increase productivity, monitoring, and resource optimization in various industries. Agriculture is one of them, where IoT and robots are being used before and after the cultivation process, from preparing land for cultivation to supplying them to the consumer market. These domains include crop monitoring, smart irrigation, pest monitoring, and smart pest control, harvesting, and safely supplying them in the consumer market by maintaining the quality and integrity of the final product. Pakistan is an agricultural country, where it stands in terms of advanced agriculture technology. In this review, we discussed the major IoT ecosystem components. What are the most practiced smart agriculture techniques and their benefits and some widely used applications of IoT in agriculture? Through this overview, we are trying to highlight the potential of IoT in agriculture for sustainable food security for Pakistan.
Brigas de galo pelo avesso: Fazendo “sexo” e desfazendo “gênero” em Chatila, Líbano
Authors: Barbosa Gustavo
Published: May 2022

Uma oficina de ONG na temática de “gênero” e a atividade de criar pombos dão as deixas para que este artigo exponha as dificuldades envolvidas na caracterização das experiências de rapazes (shabâb) do campo de refugiados palestinos de Chatila, no Líbano, como “performance de gênero”. O conceito de “gênero”, com efeito, não funciona em todos os contextos e momentos. Se serve para iluminar as biografias dos pais dos atuais shabâb de Chatila – os fidâ(iyyîn (combatentes), cuja passagem à vida adulta foi acentuadamente informada pela luta para retornar à terra natal – não dá conta de apreender a experiência daqueles que dispõem de acesso muito limitado a elementos de poder, caso dos shabâb. Em lugar de tomá-los como “emasculados”, por não poderem “performatizar” adequadamente um “gênero” devido aos constrangimentos político-econômicos a que estão submetidos, o que antes faço é problematizar o próprio conceito de “gênero”. Assim, o estudo sugere que tal conceito, na medida em que se move num universo semântico definido pela busca de poder político, levanta questionamentos quando aplicado a ambientes anti-Estado, como é o caso de Chatila nos dias correntes – uma problemática não de todo estranha à linha clastriana de pensamento.
A serpente de corpo repleto de canções: um tema amazônico sobre a arte do trançado
Authors: Neto Aristoteles Barcelos
Published: May 2022

A literatura etnológica amazônica é povoada de serpentes mitológicas que estão na origem da humanidade, de conhecimentos xamânicos, de artefatos da cultura material, de desenhos e de canções. Se os temas mitológicos das serpentes amazônicas já estão amplamente caracterizados e analisados, o mesmo não pode ser dito sobre as formas visuais relacionadas a eles. Muitos estudos da mitologia amazônica deixaram de lado os aspectos propriamente plásticos da cultura material, sem talvez se darem conta de que determinadas particularidades dos temas mito-cosmológicos estão precisamente fundidas nas qualidades dos estilos visuais. Este artigo discute alguns aspectos da imaginação conceitual da cultura material wauja (arawak do Alto Xingu) a partir da análise de um personagem mítico que expõe de modo explícito a natureza intrínseca e simultaneamente musical e iconográfica da arte do trançado.
Cantos, curas e alimentos: reflexões sobre regimes de conhecimento Krahô
Authors: Borges Júlio Cesar , Niemeyer Fernando
Published: May 2022

Este artigo propõe uma aproximação compreensiva aos regimesde conhecimento do povo indígena Krahô. Tal qual o desenho enredado decaminhos (pr`y) que interligam as aldeias, o pensamento mehim pode ser vistocomo uma rede que conecta pessoas, animais, plantas, nomes pessoais,prerrogativas rituais, espíritos (mecarõ), mortos e tantos Outros. O recortedo presente artigo procura captar concepções e práticas que dotam deespecificidade alguns destes “caminhos” enquanto regimes de conhecimentoque, atualizados no campo interétnico, nos aproximam da noção krahôdo que temos chamado de “propriedade intelectual”. Na verdade, pretendemosmostrar que uma noção de “propriedade” do conhecimento, tal comonossa sociedade a compreende, não corresponde às formas nativas de apropriação,transmissão e validação do conhecimento, e que isso gera efeitossingulares quando – em um palco de negociações interétnicas – estes doissistemas são postos a interagir. Trataremos, pois, das formas de produção ecirculação de conhecimentos agrícolas, xamânicos e rituais e dos códigos sensíveissubjacentes à sua constituição. Por fim, veremos como se comporta aagencialidade indígena frente a dois projetos de pesquisa que, recentemente,buscaram acessar tais conhecimentos – tidos como “tradicionais” – e osdesencontros cognitivos gerados nestas interações.
CASTRO, Celso; LEIRNER, Piero (orgs.). Antropologia dos militares: reflexões sobre pesquisas de campo, Rio de Janeiro, Ed. FGV, 2009, 242 pp.
Authors: Lima Bruna Della Torre de Carvalho
Published: May 2022

CASTRO, Celso; LEIRNER, Piero (orgs.). Antropologia dos militares: reflexões sobre pesquisas de campo, Rio de Janeiro, Ed. FGV, 2009, 242 pp.
MACEDO E CASTRO, João Paulo. A invenção da juventude violenta: análise da elaboração de uma política pública, Rio de Janeiro, E-papers/ Laced/Museu Nacional, 2009, 265 pp.
Authors: Spaggiari Enrico
Published: May 2022

MACEDO E CASTRO, João Paulo. A invenção da juventude violenta: análise da elaboração de uma política pública, Rio de Janeiro, E-papers/ Laced/Museu Nacional, 2009, 265 pp.
MALUF, Sônia Weidner; TORNQUIST, Carmen Susana (orgs.). Gênero, saúde e aflição: abordagens antropológicas, Florianópolis/SC, Letras Contemporâneas, 2010, 468 pp.
Authors: Marini Marisol
Published: May 2022

MALUF, Sônia Weidner; TORNQUIST, Carmen Susana (orgs.). Gênero, saúde e aflição: abordagens antropológicas, Florianópolis/SC, Letras Contemporâneas, 2010, 468 pp.
Exu do Brasil: tropos de uma identidade afro-brasileira nos trópicos
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Vagner
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo pretendo discutir alguns significados do orixá Exuno candomblé e na umbanda, os dois modelos mais conhecidos das religiõesde origem africana no Brasil. Argumento que esta divindade permiteuma leitura da cultura brasileira pelo seu caráter de “mediador cultural”.Exu teria na sociedade brasileira um papel fluido, de um “não lugar”, o queo torna um bom princípio para pensarmos alguns temas importantes daidentidade nacional, como o sincretismo e a miscigenação brasileiros.
Floristic studies on mangrove vegetation of Kanika Island, Bhadrak District, Odisha, India
Authors: P. Poornima
Published: May 2022

This study pertains to the floristic composition of unexplored mangrove habitats of Kanika Island, Bhadrak District, Odisha, India. Six quadrats each measuring 31.62 x 31.62 m (0.1 ha) were laid at randomly selected sites in the Island between October 2019 and February 2020. Quantitative inventory yielded a total of 12 species across the sampled quadrats. Qualitative floristic inventory of the Island revealed a total of 20 species belonging to 17 genera and 13 families, including four true mangrove species, viz., Avicennia alba, A. marina, A. officinalis, and Lumnitzera littorea were evaluated as ‘Least Concern’ by the IUCN Red List. Out of 20 species, eight species were trees, followed by herbs (8 species), shrubs (3 species), and a climber. The study revealed that four species were true mangroves and 16 species were mangrove associates. Avicennia alba and A. marina were found dominant and have potential for regeneration in the island.
Plant species diversity in a tropical semi-evergreen forest in Mizoram (northeastern India): assessing the effectiveness of community conservation
Authors: S.T. Lalzarzovi  , Lalnuntluanga
Published: May 2022

Community conservation of forest as a means of biodiversity conservation has gained broad acceptance in recent years. However, there are not many studies in India on how effective they really are for conservation of plants and how they compare to formal protected areas. This study was carried out in Reiek forest, a community conserved forest protected for more than a century, initially by the village Chiefs and after the abolishment of chieftainship, by the community of the nearby villages. An attempt was made to study the plant species diversity of this forest which falls under the Indo-Myanmar diversity hotspot and it was compared to two ecologically similar formal protected areas within Mizoram. A total of 265 species belonging to 213 genera and 89 families were recorded. Two vulnerable species Eleocarpus rogusus and Saraca asocas were identified. It was found that this community conserved forest contained more plant species than the two protected areas. But endemic and threatened species were found to decline in the community conserved forest.
5S Study: Safe and Simple Single Shot Pulmonary Vein Isolation With Pulsed Field Ablation Using Sedation
Authors: Schmidt Boris , Bordignon Stefano , Tohoku Shota , Chen Shaojie , Bologna Fabrizio , Urbanek Lukas , Pansera Francesco , Ernst Matthias , Chun K.R. Julian
Published: May 2022

Background:

Pulsed field ablation represents an energy source specific for ablation of cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation. The aim of the study was to describe the adoption and the process of streamlining procedures with a new ablation technology.

Methods:

All-comer atrial fibrillation patients (n=191; mean age 69±12 years) underwent catheter ablation with a pulsed field ablation ablation device exclusively using analog-sedation. In the validation phase (n=25), device electrogram quality was compared with a circular mapping catheter to assess pulmonary vein isolation and esophageal temperature monitoring was used. In the streamline phase (n=166), a single-catheter approach was implemented. Postprocedural cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 53 patients. In 52 patients, esophageal endoscopy was performed at day 1 after the procedure. Follow-up was performed using 72 hours Holter ECGs.

Results:

On a pulmonary vein basis, pulmonary vein isolation rate was 100% including a single shot isolation rate of 99.5%. The electrogram information of the pulsed field ablation catheter and the circular mapping catheter were 100% congruent. Neither esophageal temperature rises nor esophageal thermal injury were observed. Two minor strokes occurred, presumable due to air embolism during catheter exchanges through the large bore sheath (13.8 F ID). In the streamline phase, reduced procedure times (46±14 versus 38±13 minutes,
P
=0.004), no further strokes and a low incidence of silent cerebral injury (10/53 patients; 19%) were noted. During short-term follow-up, 17/191 patients (9%) had a atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence.

Conclusions:

The pulsed field ablation device allows for simple and safe simple single shot pulmonary vein isolation using standard sedation protocols. Procedural speed and efficacy are remarkable and streamlining measures have added safety.
Making Peace and Writing about It
Authors: Rabinovich Itamar
Published: May 2022

The Arab-Israeli peace process, a U.S. led diplomatic effort, has been unfolding over nearly four decades. Various American policies, ranging from a step by step approach to securing a comprehensive settlement, reached their peak in the 1990s, with the Clinton administration's sustained efforts to settle the Arab-Israeli dispute. Although these efforts yielded several successful outcomes, including mutual recognition between Israel and the Palestinian national movement and greater Arab-Israeli normalization, they were marred by the continuous Israeli-Palestinian strife and other negative developments. Much of these efforts were promoted by professional experts, working for various branches of the U.S. government. This article surveys several books written by some of these officials, which provide diverse accounts of the unfolding events. The testimonies in these books range from comprehensive surveys to attempts at exploring the reasons for America's failed venture, and offer new insights into the peace process.
Thladiantha longipedicellata (Cucurbitaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China
Authors: XIE GAO , QIN YING , HUANG YU-SONG , GUO JING , LIU YAN
Published: May 2022

Thladiantha longipedicellata, a new species of Cucurbitaceae, is described and illustrated from a gorge in southwestern Guangxi, China. It is similar to T. cordifolia and T. grandisepala in its imbricate bracts in the male inflorescence, but it can be chiefly distinguished from both species by having vestigial leaves, longer peduncles and pedicels in the male inflorescence, the shape of male inflorescence, the texture of fruit and female styles split to the base. A character table to distinguish the new species from morphologically similar species as well as color plates for comparison are provided.
Cenostigma pinnatum var. oblongifolium (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) validly published
Authors: GARCÍA-BELTRÁN JOSÉ ANGEL
Published: May 2022

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