bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Keperluan Pembangunan Model M-Pembelajaran Faraid bagi Mata Pelajaran Syariah peringkat Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia (STPM)
Authors: Abdul Rahman Abe Sohpian
Published: December 2024

Prestasi pencapaian faraid dalam mata pelajaran Syariah Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia (STPM) sejak 2016 sehingga 2022 masih berada pada tahap sederhana rendah. Selain itu, ketiadaan buku teks khusus Syariah STPM dan kekurangan pembelajaran faraid STPM secara mudah alih berbanding dengan pengajian tinggi, menyumbang kepada prestasi tersebut. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti keperluan pembangunan model M-pembelajaran faraid bagi mata pelajaran Syariah peringkat STPM menurut pandangan pakar. Seramai tiga orang guru dan tiga orang pensyarah telah terpilih sebagai pakar kajian dalam fasa ini. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu temu bual (soalan separa struktur) dan dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan Nvivo versi 29. Berdasarkan analisis temu bual yang dijalankan, terdapat kesepakatan dalam kalangan pakar bagi keperluan membangunkan model M-pembelajaran faraid STPM. Pandangan yang dicadangkan oleh semua pakar tersebut dipamerkan berdasarkan tiga tema utama iaitu keperluan model, kepentingan dan penekanan terhadap sumbangan atau novelty M-pembelajaran faraid bagi mata pelajaran Syariah peringkat STPM dan persetujuan dibangunkan model mengikut beberapa konstruk yang dicadangkan. Mereka menegaskan bahawa model yang dibangunkan ini perlu dan wajar dijadikan sebagai panduan kepada para pelajar STPM untuk mendapatkan maklumat faraid dengan cepat dan mudah. Oleh itu, implikasi dapatan yang diperoleh bagi fasa keperluan ini membantu pengkaji untuk meneruskan kajian berkaitan fasa reka bentuk dan pembangunan model DDR ini.
Amalan Ta‘awun dalam Piagam Madinah Membentuk Kesejahteraan Insan
Authors: Said Mohd Zulhafiz
Published: December 2024

Piagam Madinah merupakan sebuah perlembagaan yang dibentuk berdasarkan nilai-nilai sejagat yang berjaya menyatupadukan masyarakat majmuk di Madinah. Nabi Muhammad SAW menggubal piagam ini untuk mentadbir urus Madinah supaya masyarakat majmuk dapat diurus dengan adil dan harmoni. Madinah sebelum kedatangan Islam mengalami masalah sosial, ekonomi dan politik kerana tiada sistem yang mengatur kehidupan masyarakat. Perkara ini menyebabkan masyarakat hidup dalam konflik, pergaduhan, rasuah, penipuan dan diskriminasi. Piagam Madinah ini mengandungi amalan ta‘awun seperti prinsip toleransi, kasih sayang, keadilan, tanggungjawab dan menghormati bagi menyelesai isu masyarakat Madinah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti amalan ta‘awun dalam Piagam Madinah dan peranannya dalam membentuk kesejahteraan insan. Kaedah pengumpulan data melalui kaedah kepustakaan dan temu bual mendalam digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Analisis kandungan digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Hasil dapatan mendapati bahawa amalan ta‘awun dalam Piagam Madinah telah mewujudkan suasana aman, rasa kebersamaan, terjalinnya ukhwah islamiyyah dan kesejahteraan insan dalam masyarakat majmuk di Madinah. Kesejahteraan insan yang dibangunkan oleh Rasulullah SAW secara kolektif dalam Piagam Madinah telah mengukuhkan jati diri ummah dan menambah kekuatan Madinah.
Effects of a novel HSP90 inhibitor on estrogen receptor α signaling pathways in breast cancer cells
Authors: Scherbakov A. M. , Sorokin D. V. , Salnikova D. I. , Gudkova M. V. , Andreeva O. E. , Mikhaylova A. L. , Varabyeva N. A. , Piven Yu. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Heat shock proteins (HSP), also known as molecular chaperones, are a large family of proteins that play crucial roles in histogenesis, homeostasis, and the folding and functional regulation of numerous client proteins. Among them, HSP90 is a key player, particularly in supporting the growth of tumor cells. HSP90 impacts multiple carcinogenic signaling pathways, including BCR-ABL, Raf-1, AKT, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2/HER2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α), janus kinase 2 (JAK2), STAT3, p53, and estrogen receptor α (ERα). As a result, the search for new, selective inhibitors of this chaperone is a high priority in medicinal chemistry and oncology.Aim. To evaluate the antiproliferative activity of a novel HSP90 inhibitor, THB5T-1, on ERα-positive breast cancer cell lines and assess its anti-estrogenic potential and selectivity. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and T47D, along with the normal fibroblast line hFB-hTERT. The antiproliferative activity of THB5T-1 was measured using the MTT assay, while immunoblotting was employed to analyze the effects of HSP90 inhibition on cell signaling pathways. Anti-estrogenic activity was assessed in MCF7 cells via a reporter assay, and molecular modeling was used to construct a model of THB5T-1 interaction with the ligand-binding domain of ERα.Results. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of THB5T-1 was determined to be 4.3 μM for MCF7 cells and 5.6 μM for T47D cells. At a concentration of 25 μM, cell survival decreased to 20%. The selectivity index for THB5T-1 varied from 3.7 to 5.0 in different breast cancer cell lines. The compound’s effects on hormonal pathways in MCF7 cells, as observed via reporter assay and immunoblotting, were dose-dependent. These findings were further supported by molecular docking studies, showing THB5T-1 interaction with the ligand-binding domain of ERα. Additionally, the antiproliferative activity of THB5T-1 in MCF7 cells was associated with reduced expression of cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Significant efficacy of compound THB5T-1 in combination with a selective AKT inhibitor was revealed.Conclusion. Compound THB5T-1 demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects on ERα-positive breast cancer cells and exhibited high selectivity. Its anti-estrogenic effects highlight its potential as a selective inhibitor of the HSP90/ ERα/GREB1 pathway, effectively blocking ERα-mediated cell proliferation.
Mechanistic and epidemiological evidence on the relationship between microbiota, virome and carcinogenesis
Authors: Yakubovskaya M. G. , Fetisov T. I. , Solenova L. G. , Ryzhova N. I. , Lokhonina A. V. , Antonova I. A. , Belitsky G. A. , Kirsanov K. I. , Aginova V. V.
Published: December 2024

Recent development of molecular and genetic technologies has demonstrated at the molecular level the co-evolutionary principles of interaction between microbiota, virome and the host organism, as well as the role of microorganisms and viruses both in maintaining physiological homeostasis and in the development of various diseases, including malignant neoplasms. The presented review is devoted to the analysis and generalization of modern data on microorganisms and viruses inhabiting the human body, their role in the processes of initiation, promotion and progression of carcinogenesis. The review provides information on known oncogenic viruses and microorganisms according to the modern classification of carcinogenic agents of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Mechanistic data on the procarcinogenic effect of microbiota and virome are considered in accordance with the modern concept of key characteristics of a carcinogenic agent. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of data on the influence of microbiota and virome on the immunity of the host organism, including both the first results of immunotherapy with Coley toxin of soft tissue sarcomas and osteosarcomas, and data on the influence of individual types of microorganisms on the formation of the immunocompetent cell profile of the host organism. In addition, the influence of intratumor and intracellular microbiota, respectively, on the microenvironment of tumor cells and cellular signaling, including in solid tumors that have no contact with the external environment are also discussed. The data presented are important in terms of the holobiota concept, showing the interdependent existence of the human body, microorganisms and viruses, to improve the prevention and therapy of malignant neoplasms.
Integrated LI-NSGA-II Approach for Solving the Non-linear Multi-objective Optimization Problem
Authors: Kapoor Muskan , Pathak Bhupendra Kumar , Kumar Rajiv
Published: December 2024

Real-world engineering projects frequently involve complex, non-linear multi-objective optimization challenges. Traditional methods like PERT/CPM and basic heuristics often fail to provide optimal solutions in such scenarios. Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, such as genetic algorithms and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms, are more effective for identifying true Pareto solutions. Among these, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is a well-known algorithm for solving multi-objective optimization problems. This study presents an integrated approach, called LI-NSGA-II, which combines Lagrange's Interpolation (LI) with NSGA-II to solve non-linear multi-objective optimization problems in real-world projects. In this LI-NSGA-II approach, LI is used to handle the non-linearity of competing objectives, whereas NSGA-II optimizes these objectives to find optimal solutions. The outcomes achieved through the LI-NSGA-II approach are ideal for real-time monitoring and control of non-linear multi-objective optimization problems.
Stochastic Modeling and Availability Optimization of Nuts Manufacturing Plant Using Markov Process and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Kumar Ashish , Sinwar Deepak , Saini Monika
Published: December 2024

Availability is the key system effectiveness measure in process industries, manufacturing plants, and treatment plants like sewage, e-waste etc. The nut-bolt manufacturing industry is very prominent in manufacturing sector. The present work is proposed with a motto to develop a stochastic framework for a nut manufacturing plant to derive steady state availability and its optimization. The Markov birth death approach is applied to develop the stochastic model as well as Chapman-Kolmogorov differential difference equations of the system. The availability function derived using Markov approach is treated as objective function of the optimization problem having decision parameters as failure and repair rates. All the decision variables are considered as exponentially distributed which are i.i.d. in nature. The objective function is optimized using particle swarm optimization to predict the optimal availability and estimated parametric values. The most sensitive component of the system is observed through making variation in failure and repair rates. It is revealed that PSO predicts the optimal availability 0.9999 at population size 50 after 50 iterations. The convergence rate of PSO is very fast in prediction of the availability of nut manufacturing plant. These findings are beneficial for system designers and maintenance engineers to propose the maintenance strategies. The proposed methodology can be utilized to predict the availability of other process industries.
Features of the clinical course of the disease, quality of life and cytokine profile in patients with true eczema in the chronic stage and depression
Authors: Sherengovskaya Yulia V. , Gumenyuk Lesya N. , Pritulo Olga A. , Prokhorov Dmitry V. , Basnaev Usein I. , Karakursakov Nariman E. , Romanenko Veronika P.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: The relationship between true eczema in the chronic stage and depression is currently of exceptional scientific interest.
AIM: To study of the features of the clinical course of the disease, quality of life and cytokine profile in patients with true eczema in the chronic stage and depression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional comparative study involved 157 patients (86 men and 71 women) aged 18 to 40 years (average 31.2 [29.7; 35.6]) with true eczema in the chronic stage; of these, two groups were formed: 66 patients with comorbid depression and 91 without comorbid depression. The Montgomery-Asberg scale was used to determine depression symptoms and severity.
RESULTS: Patients with true eczema in the chronic stage and depression were characterized by a younger age (p=0.021), a more severe course of the disease according to the EASI (p 0.001), Pruritus (p=0.014) indices, a higher frequency of relapses (p=0.012) and more low level of quality of life according to the DLQI questionnaire (p 0.001), as well as higher values of IL-6 and TNF-α in the blood serum (p=0.011; p=0.001, respectively). An inverse correlation was established between the average total value on the Montgomery-Asberg scale and the age of the patients (r=-0.62; p=0.002), a direct one ― with the average total values on the EASI indices (r=0.73; p=0.001), Pruritus (r=0.60; p 0.001), DLQI (r=0.69; p=0.001) and TNF-α (r=0.61; p=0.013).
CONCLUSION: In patients with depression, true eczema in the chronic stage is more severe and is accompanied by an increase in systemic pro-inflammatory changes and a more significant decrease in quality of life than in patients without depression. The results obtained must be taken into account when choosing a therapeutic strategy for true eczema, which will personalize treatment and increase its effectiveness.
Experience of using of low-temperature argon plasma in the treatment of postacne
Authors: Olisova Olga Y. , Kayumova Lyailya N. , Shepeleva Anastasia V. , Gurtovnik Anna G. , Kostina Anastasia A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a growing number of scientific literature concerning the correction of the consequences of acne vulgaris, united by the term "post-acne symptom complex". Post-inflammatory pigmentation and postacne scars can be persistent, progress and persist for months to years, significantly reducing patients' quality of life. Moreover, consequences of acne vulgaris require expensive treatment. Thus, the problem of postacne prevention and treatment remains actual for both dermatovenerologists, cosmetologists and patients.
AIM: Clinical and morphofunctional assessment of the effectiveness and tolerability of the monotherapy of using of low-temperature argon plasma in patients with postacne.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 15 patients with postacne (13 women and 2 men) aged 18 to 30 years, 10 of them had mild severity, 5 had moderate-to-severe postacne. All patients received monotherapy using the Plazmoran plasma arc installation. The course of treatment consisted of 10 procedures performed every other day, the observation period was 1 month. Dermatological examination was carried out visually with assessment of the severity of pigmented spots, erythema and scarring using the postacne scar scales by G.J. Goodman et al. In order to assess the morphofunctional parameters of facial skin, all patients underwent a non-invasive digital study using the Capricorn AI Intelligent Imager Bitmoji device, based on 3D visualization. To study the impact of the disease on various aspects of the patient's life and as an effectiveness criterion, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was used.
RESULTS: In the majority of patients using Plazmoran monotherapy a reduction in postacne manifestations was observed within the first 2 weeks. Moreover, there was a significant regression of inflammatory elements, the skin texture was improved. As a result of the treatment, significant improvement was achieved in 10 patients and improvement in 5. At the end of the entire observation period, according to the questionnaire, the subjects observed a decrease in DLQI compared with the baseline (15.6±3.4 vs. 8.3±0.9; p 0.05), which indicates an improvement of the quality of life and psychoemotional state of patients and the effectiveness of therapy.
CONCLUSION: The Plazmoran plasma arc installation is a highly effective method for correcting and preventing the development of the post-acne symptom complex of mild and moderate severity, which is as confirmed based on the results of a visual examination and the positive dynamics of indicators of superficial and deep analysis of facial skin (sebumetry, corneometry, pigmentation, reactivity and level colonization by Cutibacterium acnes). The procedure is well tolerated by patients with no any adverse events.
Analysis of global terrorism in 1970–2020
Authors: Evdokimov Vladimir I. , Chernov Kirill A. , Shulenin Nikolay S.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the number of armed conflicts, terrorist attacks (TAs), and related medical and biological consequences.
AIM: To analyze global terrorism statistics covering the period from 1970 through 2020 to enhance the effectiveness of anti-terrorism activities.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyzes the available data from the Global Terrorism Database (GTD). The individual risks of TA-related deaths and injuries were calculated per one million people. The data are expressed as means or medians with upper and lower quartiles (Me [Q25; Q75]).
RESULTS: Over the 51-year period (1970–2020), approximately 215,000 TAs were recorded globally, resulting in 498,500 fatalities and 597,800 injuries. The mean annual terrorism statistic was 4,200 TAs (3,100 [1,400; 4,800]), with 9,600 deaths (7,100 [4,400; 10,300]) and 11,700 injuries (7,600 [3,600; 15,900]). The TAs were analyzed based on the following criteria: geographical region, type, weapons, and objectives (targets). For the global population, as calculated excluding terrorists, the estimated individual risk yielded a value of 1.25×10–6 (1.16 [0.64; 1.73]×10–6) deaths/(person×year) and 1.71×10–6 (1.32 [0.80; 2.28]×10–6) injuries/(person×year). It is noteworthy that the risk is increasing.
CONCLUSION: The most common types of weapons used in TAs were explosives and firearms, which made it extremely challenging to prevent deaths and injuries. While approximately half of TAs have no medical or biological consequences, the probability of dying in a terrorist attack remains high. As terrorism cannot be completely eradicated, it is crucial to implement effective anti-terrorism measures to minimize its impact.
Erratum in “Evaluation of the impact of living conditions, as a set of social factors of the habitat, on mortality rates of the rural and urban population of the Nenets autonomous okrug in 2000–2019” doi: 10.17816/humeco630439
Authors: Dudarev Alexey A. , Dozhdikov Alexey V.
Published: December 2024

The article "Analysis of the influence of living conditions, as a collection of social factors within the environment, on mortality rates among the rural and urban populations of the Nenets autonomous okrug from 2000 to 2019" published in Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology) journal Volume 31 Issue 1 in 2024 (doi: 10.17816/humeco630439) contained several errors in the spelling of some terms and inaccuracies in the graphical presentation of the results. The electronic version of the published article has been revised and updated: the use of the term ‘tertiles’ throughout the text of the article has been unified, the full name of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug has been given in the translation of the names of tables and figures, technical errors in the compilation of images have been eliminated, and the author-proofed translation of the title has been restored (from “Analysis of the influence of living conditions, as a collection of social factors within the environment, on mortality rates among the rural and urban populations of the Nenets autonomous okrug from 2000 to 2019” to “Evaluation of the impact of living conditions, as a set of social factors of the habitat, on mortality rates of the rural and urban population of the Nenets autonomous okrug in 2000–2019”).
The authors and the publisher apologize to readers for the published error and express their confidence that this mistake could not significantly affect the perception and interpretation of the results of the study described in the text of the article.
İzleyicilikten Katılımcılığa: Türkiye’de Dijital Yerlilerin İnteraktif Sinemada Yeni Görme Kültürü Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Birincioğlu Yıldız Derya , Baloğlu Uğur , Zengin Ferhat
Published: December 2024

Dijital çağın getirdiği teknolojik dönüşümler, görsel kültür pratiklerini ve izleyici deneyimlerini önemli
ölçüde değiştirmektedir. Bu değişim özellikle dijital yerlilerin medya tüketim alışkanlıklarında belirgin
bir şekilde görülmektedir. Bu araştırma, etkileşimli sinemanın sunduğu görsel ve işitsel teknikler ile
izleyicilerin görme kültürü ve görme politikalarını nasıl yapılandırdığı konusunu incelemektedir. Çalışma,
sinemanın dijitalleşmeyle gelişen anlatım olanaklarının izleyiciye hikâyeyi yönlendirme ve yönetebilme
imkânı sunmasına, dolayısıyla izleyici pratiklerinde ortaya çıkan değişimlere odaklanmaktadır.
Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesi, etkileşimli ve siber drama ile çizgisel olmayan anlatı bağlamlarında
sinema-izleyici ilişkisinin geçirdiği dönüşümleri ele almaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri arasında yer
alan fenomenolojik desen üzerine kurulu olan bu araştırmada, 10 katılımcıya Late Shift interaktif filmi
izletilerek derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve elde edilen veriler betimsel ve tematik analiz teknikleriyle
çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre izleyiciler, interaktif film deneyiminde yaratma, yönetme
ve temsil etme yanılsaması içerisinde yeni bir özdeşleşme, görme kültürü ve seyir deneyimi içerisine
girmektedir. Çalışma, interaktif sinemanın geleneksel sinemadaki tekil karakter özdeşleşmesini aşarak
izleyiciye karakter, yönetmen ve senarist rolleri arasında dinamik geçişler sunan katılımcı bir deneyim yarattığını ve bu sayede salt teknolojik bir yenilikten öte kültürel bir paradigma değişimini temsil ettiğini
ortaya koymuştur.
Óleo essencial de Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants: atividade antifúngica in vitro em cepas de Sporothrix brasiliensis
Authors: Mello Fábio Gabriell de Lima , Diniz Patrícia Fabian de Araújo , Cordeiro Laísa Vilar , Guerra Felipe Queiroga Sarmento , Nascimento Yuri Mangueira do , Silva Anauara Lima e
Published: December 2024

Disphania ambrosioides (L.), comumente conhecida como "mastruz", é uma erva medicinal reconhecida por suas propriedades antifúngicas, anti-helmínticas e antitumorais. Sporothrix brasiliensis, o agente causador da esporotricose, é uma espécie fúngica termodimórfica clinicamente relevante, e seu tratamento com itraconazol frequentemente resulta em efeitos colaterais em humanos e felinos. Este estudo teve como objetivo extrair e analisar o perfil químico do óleo essencial (OE) de D. ambrosioides, avaliando sua atividade antifúngica contra cepas de S. brasiliensis. Partes aéreas de D. ambrosioides foram coletadas durante as estações seca e chuvosa e submetidas à extração de OE por hidrodestilação usando um aparelho Clevenger. O perfil químico do OE foi analisado por Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas (GC-MS). Ensaios microbiológicos foram conduzidos para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM). Os principais compostos identificados no OE obtido de plantas coletadas durante a estação chuvosa foram ascaridol (58,86%), ?-terpineno (22,09%) e p-cimeno (11,36%), enquanto o OE de plantas coletadas durante a estação seca continha ?-terpineno (46,81%), ascaridol (34,82%) e p-cimeno (11,54%). Os OE obtidos de ambas as estações exibiram uma CIM de 16 ?g/mL e uma CFM de 64 ?g/mL para a maioria das cepas testadas, com uma razão CFM/CIM de quatro, demonstrando atividade fungicida. Os resultados indicam que o EO de D. ambrosioides tem potencial como um agente fungicida contra S. brasiliensis. Este estudo é o primeiro a relatar a atividade antifúngica e fungicida in vitro do EO de D. ambrosioides contra cepas de S. brasiliensis.
Entorno positivo para los cuidados paliativos en Colombia 2025: Plan de Acción 2022-2025, Nodo Amazonía
Authors: Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio , León Delgado Marta Ximena , Cañon Piñeros Angela María , Rodríguez-Campos Luisa Fernanda , Vargas-Escobar Lina María
Published: December 2024

Este documento contiene el plan de acción para mejorar la actividad de cuidados paliativos en Colombia del nodo Amazonía. Se ha estructurado siguiendo el modelo de evaluación propuesto por el Observatorio Colombiano de Cuidados Paliativos. Para cada uno de los objetivos estratégicos se plantean barreras, recursos y capacidades los cuales proceden del reporte técnico del Observatorio que acompaña este documento. El documento presenta una metodología mediante la cual durante la sesión se le pedirá al stakehorder de la región Amazonía que califique la factibilidad de las acciones propuestas y que discuta la prioridad de las acciones y los facilitadores estratégicos señalados (responsables de conducir la acción propuesta).
Introduction
Authors: Bayer Mark
Published: December 2024

Mark Bayer introduces the cluster “Shakespeare's Literary Afterlives.”
"Not what we ought to say": Katrina, King Lear, and Academic Identity
Authors: Loomis Catherine
Published: December 2024

In this biographical narrative, Catherine Loomis recounts her experiences during and immediately after Hurricane Katrina and discusses the storm's effect on her scholarship and teaching.
Shakespeare in the Victorian Periodicals, by Kathryn Prince
Authors: Sawyer Robert
Published: December 2024

Prince, Kathryn. Shakespeare in the Victorian Periodicals. New York and London: Routledge, 2008. vii-180 pp. ISBN 10: 0-415-96243-9 (Cloth).
Time Lord of Infinite Space: Celebrity Casting, Romanticism, and British Identity in the RSC's "Doctor Who Hamlet"
Authors: James Hartley Andrew
Published: December 2024

The article considers David Tennant's recent performance as Hamlet in the light of his portrayal of the tenth doctor on British TV's most iconic show, Doctor Who. It considers the way in which the two roles inform each other, particularly in the minds of the audience, and argues for a particular notion of British cultural identity manifested by both the TV show and the recent direction taken by the Royal Shakespeare Company.
Shakespeare and Biography, by David Bevington
Authors: Aune M. G.
Published: December 2024

David Bevington. Shakespeare and Biography. Oxford Shakespeare Topics. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. 179 pp. ISBN 978-0-19-958648-6 (cloth). ISBN 978-0-19-958647-9 (paper).
From Ethnographic Impulses to Apocalyptic Endings: Bharadwaj's Maqbool and Kurosawa's Throne of Blood in Comparative Context
Authors: Orfall Blair
Published: December 2024

Maqbool's critical success, which was followed by director Vishal Bharadwaj's even more commercially successful adaptation of Othello, entitled Omkara (2006), raises interesting questions about the appropriation of Shakespeare in post-millennium India. What does a Shakespearean tragedy offer to the director and audiences in the (post) post-colonial environment of contemporary India? This essay examines the relationship between Vishal Bharadwaj's Maqbool and Akira Kurosawa's Throne of Blood, addressing their mutual ethnographic impulses and apocalyptic endings.
The Afterlife of Timon of Athens: The Palest Fire
Authors: Minton Gretchen E.
Published: December 2024

Vladimir Nabokov's novel about a fictional poet and his delusional commentator cleverly and consistently alludes to the relative obscurity of Timon of Athens in the Shakespearean canon. Nabokov's use of Timon as a point of reference in this novel both highlights the complexity of Pale Fire's interest in light, shade, and obscurity and serves as a metaphor for the afterlife of this infrequently referenced Shakespearean play. Timon of Athens — a shadowy, unfinished, and co-authored play — works very well as a companion piece to Pale Fire, itself constructed as a multi-authored, heavily-edited work that undergoes repeated revision.
Indigenizing Macbeth: Vishal Bhardwaj's Maqbool
Authors: Sen Suddhaseel
Published: December 2024

Vishal Bhardwaj, a filmmaker and composer of Bollywood scores, has achieved considerable popular and critical success worldwide with his two adaptations of Shakespeare, Maqbool (Macbeth) and Omkara (Othello). Both films are very different from those postcolonial adaptations that tend to "talk back" to Shakespeare; instead, Bhardwaj represents the strain of a transcultural adaptation of Shakespeare whose beginnings lay in the nineteenth-century Parsi theater's first forays into indigenizing Shakespearean plays for local audiences. With Maqbool, Bhardwaj creates a film that is unique among those few global cinematic adaptations of Shakespeare that have successfully indigenized Macbeth at the level of setting, plot, language, and generic conventions without diluting the complex issues raised by Shakespeare's play.
Shakespeare and African American Poetics in Association with the Langston Hughes Review
Authors: Iyengar Sujata
Published: December 2024

This Introduction uses the example of Langston Hughes's volume Shakespeare in Harlem to meditate on the connections between the two terms joined by the copula in this essay cluster's title, "Shakespeare and African American Poetics."
Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Profile and Estimation of Phospholipids by HPLC-ELSD Method in Seeds of Abelmoschus esculentus and Benincasa hispida
Authors: Roopa R. , Mruthunjaya K.
Published: December 2024

Background: Abelmoschus esculentus (Ae) and Benincasa hispida (Bh) are herbal plants has embarked its benefits in ayurveda medicine since history. Chemical compounds present in these two plant parts have numerous health benefits. Aim: In the present study seeds of the selected plants Ae and Bh are evaluated for its physicochemical, pharmacognostical, and analyzing fatty acid profile along with estimating important phospholipids such as Phosphatidyl Choline (PC) and Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine (PE) by HPLC-ELSD method. Methods: PC and PE are phospholipids which are the important components of cell membrane. PC and PE are involved in cell signaling, brain development, signal transduction, cell to cell communication and used for the synthesis of acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter. Hence, estimating PC and PE in the seeds of Ae and Bh will serve as an important data, and which will act as a source of memory enhancing components. Total lipids were extracted from the seeds using chloroform and methanol. The extracted lipids were subjected to column chromatography to estimate PC and PE. Using seed powder physicochemical and pharmacognostical values were evaluated. Results: Current study results show optimized physicochemical and pharmacognostical values. Fatty acids such as linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids make up the higher percentage. Importantly we could be able to estimate PC and PE by proposed HPLC-ELSD method, in Ae account for 24.6 % (PC) and 75.4% (PE), but unfortunately, we could not be able to estimate phospholipids in Bh by proposed method. Conclusion: The obtained results will serve as a parameter for the standardization of seeds and fixed oil obtained from seeds, with the estimation of phospholipids, which can be utilized as a potential source in the treatment of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease etc.
Review of Siddha Marine Drug - Muthuchippi (Pearl Oyster Shell) for Various Medicinal Properties
Authors: Abarna B. , Karpagambal R. , Manjari V. , Madhavan R.
Published: December 2024

The Siddha system of medicine uses an opulent source of plants, metals, minerals, and marine and animal products for the preparation of medicine. The pearl oyster shell is a bivalve mollusc that lives in fresh and saltwater and generates pearls. The three major structural components of pearls are oblong, conchiolin, and calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Recently, interest in developing medications from marine materials has surged. In the fields of cancer, pain, and inflammation, many marine natural compounds are presently undergoing clinical trials. Pearl oyster shell, also known as Muthuchippi, is a key sea-derived medicine in the Siddha system of medicine. These shells include iron oxide, alumina, silica, calcium carbonate, phosphate, and sulfate of calcium and magnesium. Since it has been specially recommended to improve the strength, nutrition, and vitality of weak patients as well as for palpitations, digestion, heart tonic, and appetizer, pearl oysters are important in Siddha medicine. Traditionally, the calcined pearl oyster shell has been used to treat musculoskeletal diseases, anorectal diseases, respiratory diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases due to their high calcium carbonate content. This study aims to review several papers on the therapeutic potential of pearl oyster shells in treating various ailments. A comprehensive search of multiple databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, yielded several papers for evaluation. According to this study, pearl oyster shells are utilized to cure a wide range of illnesses in all traditional Indian medical systems. Yet, there is scanty scientific data to support the efficacy of numerous indications. To substantiate this significant drug in the research forum, additional in-vitro and in-vivo studies must be carried out.
Watermelon: An Exploration of Possible Therapeutic Benefits
Authors: Patel Kinjal P. , Trivedi Rahul , Gohil Dilsar , Maheshwari Rajesh A.
Published: December 2024

Watermelon (Citrulluslanatus) is a widely cultivated fruit appreciated for its sweet taste, abundant water content, and low-calorie nature. In certain Asian regions, watermelon seeds are utilised for snacks and flour. The oil content in these seeds’ ranges from 10% to 35%, varying with the genotype. Extracts from the seeds were obtained using hot water, cold water, ethanol, and methanol. Standard microbiological methods were employed to verify the viability and identity of test organisms. Watermelon seed oil is recognised as a rich source of essential fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, thiamine, flavonoids, riboflavin, and other phenolic substances. The quantities of these components vary based on the watermelon variety and extraction method, with linoleic acid being the predominant fatty acid irrespective of the variety. This review aims to raise public awareness about the characteristics and potential benefits associated with watermelon seeds. Substantial research indicates that watermelon seeds possess anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, positively influencing growth. Following a thorough toxicological examination, animal studies, physicochemical assessments, and nutritional analyses, it is strongly recommended to promptly explore the commercial potential of this product.
Development and Evaluation of Amaranthus spinous Methanolic Extract Ointment for In Vivo Wound Healing Properties in Wistar Rats
Authors: Krishna Sidhant , Dubey Gaurav , Chandel Shailender Singh , Chatterjee Sandip
Published: December 2024

Background: Traditional herbal medicines are minimally processed, plant-derived substances used in local treatments, such as tinctures, teas, poultices, and powders. The herb Amaranthus spinosus that is full of polyphenols, crude fiber, proteins, and saccharides is very effective for many diseases. Aim: Traditional medicinal herb of A. spinosus having wound healing potential with well-known medicinal value. The study involves the formulation of an ointment prepared with the methanolic extract of this plant and its phytochemical analysis for the identification of bioactive compounds. Methods: Its efficacy will be evaluated by the in vivo studies on controlled wounds in animal models and comparison of results with standard treatments. It will also assess the safety of the ointment for topical use and the general effectiveness of the ointment in wound healing. The rationale, therefore, remains that if it is able to establish a scientific validation for the traditional use of A. spinosus in the management or healing of wounds, then one more avenue of an effective treatment option will be opened. Result: By using ANOVA method wound shrinkage values for the control group ranged from 10.82±0.68 to 68.69±2.60 by the 16th day. In the case of Test-I, where the concentration used was 5%, the increase has been from an initial value of 11.24±1.23 to 76.12±1.93 on the 16th day. Test-II, where the concentration used was 10%, the increase has been from 14.14±0.98 initially to 93.99±0.68 on the 16th day. Treatment of the standard group with Soframycin was initiated at 15.26±1.25 and was completely closed with the values of 100±0.75 on day 16. Conclusion: In vivo model studies revealed that the methanolic extract of A. spinosus showed a very strong acceleration of wound healing without causing irritation or toxicity on the skin.
Unveiling the Political Framing of Muslim Boys as Terrorists in the Making
Authors: Al Battashi Sharifa
Published: December 2024

This book review discusses The Impossibility of Muslim Boyhood by Shenila Khoja-Moolji, which provides valuable insights into how Muslim boys are constructed as potential “future terrorists” in both American and Indian contexts. Khoja-Moolji explores how this invented image denies Muslim boys innocence and is shaped by the collective trauma of past terrorist attacks and anxieties about imagined future threats. She also examines the intersectionality of this constructed image, highlighting how it is influenced by the dynamics of anti-Muslim racism, racial capitalism, public discourses, and institutional practices.
Influence of palladium state on the efficiency of hexane isomerization catalysts
Authors: Smolikov M. D. , Shkurenok V. A. , Yablokova S. S. , Paukshtis E. A. , Kazantsev K. V. , Lavrenov A. V.
Published: December 2024

In this work, the catalytic properties of palladium catalysts based on Al2O3, SiO2, their mechanical mixtures with SO4-ZrO2 and the Pd/SO4-ZrO2-Al2O3 catalyst in the hexane isomerization reaction were studied. The catalysts were characterized by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO, and XPS. It has been shown that the nature of the palladium support and precursor influences the size and charge state of palladium particles in catalysts. It has been established that the most active in the hexane isomerization reaction are catalytic systems in which positively charged forms of palladium are present.
Catalysts based on vanadium-containing heteropoly compounds: influence of the outer-sphere cation on physicochemical and catalytic properties of Si-W-V heteropolyacid
Authors: Rodikova Yu. A. , Kardash T. Y. , Zhizhina E. G.
Published: December 2024

The effect of the introduction of catalytically active vanadium(V) atoms on the physicochemical properties of silicotungstic heteropolyacid has been studied. The insertion of vanadium(V) atoms into the framework of monovacant lacunar W-containing heteropolyanions in the form of a H6V10O28 solution prepared by an environmentally friendly peroxide method has been shown to ensure the formation of a mixed Si-W-V heteropolyanions while maintaining the integrity of the structure. It has been demonstrated that the partial replacement of protons with large cations, such as Cs+ and nBu4N+, leads to the precipitation of insoluble acid salts of the composition A4,5H0,5SiW11VO40, the properties of which vary significantly depending on the type of introduced counterion (A+). The textural characteristics of the synthesized salts have been compared, the TG/DTG/DSC profiles have been obtained, and a phase composition has been analyzed. Characterization of samples after hydrothermal treatment by IR, XRD, and ICP-AES methods has proved the high stability of the synthesized salts. The samples have demonstrated catalytic activity in the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in an aqueous medium, providing the formation of 2,5-diformylfuran with a yield of up to 89%, and the possibility of reusing.
The surface of nanostructured (Ni)CoAl2O4 spinel and their study in dry reforming of methane
Authors: Shutilov A. A. , Simonov M. N. , Fedorova V. E. , Marchuk A. S. , Prosvirin I. P. , Sadovskaya E. M. , Eremeev N. F. , Zenkovets G. A.
Published: December 2024

NixCo1-xAl2O4 (x = 0–0.5) catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation from solution of Ni, Co and Al nitrates. The dry gel was heated at 700 °C in air and resulting alumina modified by nickel and cobalt ions is formed with spinel structure. The in situ X-ray diffraction study of these precursors in the reduction by a H2-containing gas mixture at 700 °C and ex situ after preliminary reduction in a H2-containing gas mixture and further work under reaction medium conditions  showed that ensembles of Ni-Co alloy particles 3-4 nm in size are formed on the spinel surface. The influence of the composition of the catalysts and the duration of their testing on the catalytic properties in the dry reforming of methane reaction (DRM) was studied. The Ni0.35Co0.65Al2O4 catalyst is stable in the DRM for 20 hours with CH4 conversion of 76 % and an H2 yield of 42 % (T = 700 °C, t = 30 ms). The high catalytic activity of the obtained catalysts in DRM is due to the formation of highly dispersed (3–4 nm) nanoparticles of the Ni-Co alloy an active phase in an amount of 17–18 wt. % on the initially large specific surface area of a spinel, stabilized by nickel and cobalt ions, and possessing mobile bulk oxygen under reducing reaction conditions.
Peculiarities of the formation of catalysts, based on γ-Al2O3 modified with Ca2+ and Ni2+ ions, highly active and resistant to carbonization in dry reforming of methane into syngas reaction: relationship between physical-chemical and catalytic properties
Authors: Shutilov A. A. , Simonov M. N. , Fedorova V. E. , Marchuk A. S. , Danilova I. G. , Zenkovets G. A.
Published: December 2024

NixCa1-xAl2O4 samples, where x = 0.1-0.5, were obtained by co-precipitation followed by drying on air at room temperature. After calcination in air at 700 °C, an oxide compound with a defective structure g-Al2O3, in which Ni2+ and Ca2+ ions are stabilized, as well as highly dispersed fragments of NiAl2O4 and NiO was formed. After pretreatment stage (reducing in H2-containing mixture) and work in the reaction medium, nickel is partially reduced to the metallic state and leaves the structure of the compound, forming on the surface highly dispersed Ni0 particles with a size of 3–15 nm. Calcium is stabilized in the structure of g-Al2O3 and on its surface. The introduction by Ca2+ leads to a significant increase in the concentration of not very stable surface and bulk carbonates and bicarbonates, which promotes the oxidation of C-containing intermediate compounds formed on Ni0 centers. In addition, the modification of Ca2+ leads to decrease the concentration of strong acid sites on the surface, the formation of a weaker CO2 bond under reaction conditions, and the fool disappearance of signals from CO complexes with strong LAC, which significantly reduces the amount of carbon, which is formed at the stage of deposition on the surface. The resulting catalysts are characterized by high activity and stable work for a long time in the dry reforming methane reaction.
Study of the Process of Processing Electric Steel Melting Dusts by the Method of Physicochemical Modeling
Authors: Nemchinova N.V. , Patrushоv A.E. , Tyutrin A.A.
Published: December 2024

A physicochemical model of the recycling process of electric steelmaking dusts (ESM) with obtaining granulated pig iron and ZnO has been developed. The principal possibility of ESM dust processing by the proposed technology has been demonstrated. According to the model it is revealed that the main compounds in pig iron are Fe3C, Fe and FeS with the content, % by mass, respectively: 95,1 Fe; 4,89 C; 0,01 S, and in zinc-containing fumes, ZnO prevail with content 65,43 % by mass. The obtained modeling data are confirmed by the results of laboratory experiments on charge melting.
Study of the Efficiency of Using Various Calcium-containing Reagents for Wastewater Dephosphorization
Authors: Smirnova T.S. , Mazlova E.A. , Guskov D.A. , Alekseev А.А.
Published: December 2024

The efficiency of application of calcium-containing reagents (calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium peroxide) for removal of phosphate ions from waste water was evaluated. It has been established that calcium oxide (99,78 %) and calcium hydroxide (99,80 %) were the most effective ones for dephosphorization; the efficiency of calcium peroxide was 90,0 %. The changes of COD and pH indicators depending on the concentration of dephosphorizing reagents added to wastewater were experimentally investigated. Conclusions about the efficiency of calcium-containing reagents application are formulated.
Small streams and water reservoirs as indicators of environmental problems in agricultural landscapes (on the example of the Belgorod region)
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Raevskaya Maria V. , Kornilov Andrey G. ,   Belgorod State University
Published: December 2024

The main object of the article is to show indicator functions of small water bodies (streams, ponds) for 4 rural areas in agricultural
landscapes (Belgorod region). In thecourse of the study the groups of anthropogenic objects with their special impacts are identified and ranked.
The correlation between concentrations of chemical forms of biogenic elements (N, P) demonstrates the contribution of typical problems of
agricultural landscapes in ecological situation (rural areas) as well as contribution of adjacent urban areas. The results have revealed that some
rural areas are particularly susceptible to nitrate or phosphate pollution, possible reasons have been indicated. The approved research methods
will be helpful for further improvement of the indicator approach.
The influence of circulation factors on the quantity of atmospheric precipitation in the cold season in Western Siberia
Authors:   The Institute for Water and Environmental Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IWEP SB RAS), Bezuglova Nadezhda N. , Sukovatov Konstantin Y. ,   The Institute for Water and Environmental Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IWEP SB RAS)
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The work is devoted to the analysis of the influence of different states of the circumpolar vortex on local features of
the geopotential fields, which, in turn, determine the variability of cold season precipitation for the studied territory of Western Siberia. Data
and Methods. A statistical analysis of time series of seasonally average values of the precipitation amount in the cold season was performed,
obtained from 33 meteorological stations located within the selected coordinate area. To analyze the distribution of hydrometeorological fields
corresponding to different states of the circumpolar vortex, composite spatial distributions corresponding to the ten most typical years for both
phases of the POL teleconnection index were constructed. Results and Discussion. A statistically significant relationship was established between
the amount of precipitation in the cold season (November–March) on the studied territory and the state of the circumpolar vortex. It was shown
that under the conditions of the negative phase of the POL index, the amount of precipitation in the cold season is greater than under the
conditions of the positive phase of this index. Conclusions. Based on the results of the work, it was concluded that under conditions of a weak circumpolar vortex and developed meridional processes (negative phase of POL) in the studied area, the amount of atmospheric precipitation in
the cold season is greater than under conditions of a strong (positive phase of POL) circumpolar vortex and active latitudinal processes.
Digital Technologies and Children’s Rights: Balancing Control, Protection, and Consent
Authors: Bello Barbara Giovanna
Published: December 2024

La protección de los derechos de los niños y las niñas en la era digital enfrenta desafíos, a pesar de los esfuerzos legislativos. Este documento explora la tensión entre el control que los menores tienen sobre sus datos y el que los adultos ejercen sobre ellos, en el contexto de la legislación de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas y la Unión Europea. Se analizan dos áreas: el ‘sharenting’, es decir, cuando los adultos comparten datos de menores sin su consentimiento (por ejemplo, fotos, videos), y la toma de huellas dactilares de menores en los controles fronterizos. Ambos casos evidencian una vulnerabilidad que no se equilibra con la capacidad de decisión de los niños y niñas, planteando preocupaciones éticas sobre su autonomía y protección.