bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maraş’ın Mülkî Taksimatı (1915-1933)
Authors: ARSLAN Hasan
Published: August 2023

Osmanlı Devleti, XIX. yüzyılın ortalarında hem iç faktörlerin etkisi hem de Batılı devletlerin baskı ve müdahaleleri neticesinde taşra idaresinde ve mülkî tanzimde sık sık değişiklikler yaptı. Önce küçük eyaletleri birleştirdi. Daha sonra 1864’ten itibaren Vilayet Sistemi’ne geçerek aynı mantık üzerine büyükçe vilayetler oluşturdu. Ancak yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren bu kez tekrar mülhak livaları müstakil hale getirerek vilayetleri küçültmeye başladı. Hükûmet, Birinci Dünya Harbi’nde olduğu son senelerinde artık vilayet-kaza ve nahiye isimlerinde üç dereceli bir teşkilat oluşturmaya teşebbüs ettiyse de bu dönüşüm sonuçlandırılamadı. Bu süreç ancak TBMM tarafından 1921 ve 1924 yıllarında yapılan anayasal düzenlemelerle gerçekleşti.
Maraş sancağı, ülkede yaşanan bu sürece paralel olarak XIX. yüzyılın tam ortalarında Adana Eyaleti’ne ilhak edildi. Eski jeopolitik ehemmiyetini kısmen yitiren Sancak, 1856’da Adana’dan tefrik edilerek 1866 yılına kadar müstakil mutasarrıflık statüsünde güçlü paşalar eliyle idare edilmiştir. Zikredilen tarihte yeni vilayet usulüne uygun olarak teşkil edilen Haleb vilayetine dâhil edildi. Bu tabiiyet, 1915 yılında tekraren müstakil bir mutasarrıflık/elviye-i müstakile haline geçirilinceye kadar sürdü. Maraş müstakil livası, 1921’de vilayet statüsüne çevrildi. Bu tetkikte Maraş sancağının/vilayetinin 1915-1933 yılları arasını kapsayan dönemi ele alınacaktır. Bu devredeki idarî/mülkî yapısı ve bu yapıda zamanla gerçekleşen değişim/dönüşümler karakteristik hususiyetleriyle incelenecektir. Ayrıca ülkede mülki teşkilat alanında yaşanan değişim vetiresinin buraya yansımaları irdelenecektir.
İlişkisel Pazarlama Kapsamında Freelance Çalışanların Müşteri İlişkilerinin Çalışma Performanslarına Etkisi
Authors: SAYGIN Emine Pınar , ÖNAL Gökmen
Published: August 2023

Çalışma, ilişkisel pazarlama bağlamında genellikle freelance (serbest) çalışan grafik tasarımcılarının müşterilerinin siparişlerine özel tasarım yaparken kurdukları iş ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. Grafik tasarımcıların işlerini üretirken ortaya koydukları çalışma performanslarının, müşterileri ile kurdukları güven, bağlılık ve ilişki kalitesinden nasıl etkilendiği ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Günümüzde teknoloji ile yüz yüze olan birçok iş kolu dijital dünyaya taşınmaktadır. Çalışma biçiminin doğası nedeniyle grafik tasarım işi bu geçişi daha erken sağlamıştır. Grafik tasarımcılar siparişe özel tasarım ile sanatın özgünlüğünü birleştirerek çalışan bir meslek grubudur. Ortaya koydukları ürünler dijital olmasına rağmen, sipariş üzerine tasarım yaptıkları için müşteri ile kurdukları ilişki kuvvetli ve anlamlıdır. Araştırmanın amacı siparişe özel dijital tasarım yapan bu meslek grubunun müşteri ile kurdukları ilişkiyi, ilişkisel pazarlama bağlamında ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada araştırma sorularını yanıtlamak için literatüre dayalı bir model geliştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış, veri toplama tekniği olarak anket tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan ankete 353 kişi katılmış, uygulanan anket sonucuna göre kurulan hipotezler desteklenmiştir.
Gençlik Lideri Olarak Görev Yapan Çalışanların Gençlik Liderliği Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZÇETİN Serdar , DUMAN Oğuz
Published: August 2023

Gençlerin liderlik becerilerini geliştirmeleri, kişisel gelişimlerine katkıda bulunurken, aynı zamanda toplumsal bağlarını güçlendirebilir ve toplumda pozitif değişim yaratma potansiyeline sahip olabilirler. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığına bağlı Gençlik Lideri olarak görev yapmakta olan çalışanların Gençlik liderlik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla bu araştırma yürütülmektedir. Bakanlık bünyesinde aktif rol alan ve meslek olarak yapılan gençlik liderlerinin liderlik becerilerine yönelik seviyelerinin ne durumda olduğunu ortaya konulması önemli görülmektedir. Bu araştırma tarama modelinde kurgulanmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 2020-2021 yılı içinde Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı’na bağlı 350 gençlik merkezinde görev yapan 1282 gençlik liderinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi gençlik merkezlerinden basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi ile gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak seçilen 323 gençlik liderinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Cansoy ve Turan (2016) tarafından geliştirilen ‘Gençlik Liderlik Özellikleri Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu bulgular gençlik liderlerinin başlama seviyelerine göre farklı özelliklere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Gönüllü gençlikten gelen gençlik liderleri, mücadele ve hedef yönelimi, iletişim kurabilme yönelimi, grup becerileri yönelimi, güven duyma ve güvenilirlik yönelimi, karar verme yönelimi ve problem çözme ve sorumluluk yönelimi açısından diğer gruplara göre daha olumlu özelliklere sahiptir. Bu bulgular, gençlik liderliği programlarının ve eğitimlerinin farklı geçmişlere sahip gençlerin farklı liderlik becerilerini destekleyecek şekilde tasarlanması gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Sosyal Adaletin Geliştirilmesinde Yoksulluğa Yönelik Makro Güçlendirme Politikaları
Authors: DOĞAN Hasan
Published: August 2023

Yoksulluk sorunu gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan tüm dünya ülkelerinin yaşadığı ciddi bir sorundur. Bu sorunun çözümü öncelikle ekonomik anlamda kalkınmaya, sürdürülebilir istihdam politikalarına ve bu alanda sosyal adaleti geliştirilecek sosyal politikalara bağlıdır. Yoksulluk genellikle yoksunluk, geri kalmışlık, güçsüzlük, dışlanma, gelişim ve iyilik halinden yoksunluk, düşük yaşam kalitesi gibi tanımlar çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Yoksulluk içinde yaşamak, yaşamdaki temel maddi ihtiyaçlardan yoksun olarak yaşamak demektir. Yoksullar aynı zamanda psikolojik, sosyal, kültürel, politik ve çevresel faktörlerden de etkilenmektedir. Tüm bunlar maddi yoksunluktan daha az önemli olmamakla birlikte yoksulları güçsüzleştiren etkenler arasındadır. Hızlı bir kalkınma sürecinde olan ülkemizin ekonomik ve sosyal göstergeleri son yıllarda ciddi anlamda iyileşmeler göstermektedir. Ülkemizde reel sektörün gittikçe güçlenmesi, ihracatın artması, enflasyonun kontrol altına alınması gibi ekonomik anlamda önemli gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Sanayide ve savunma sektöründe milli ve yerli kalkınmaya öncelik verilmesi ekonomide ayrı bir katma değer meydana getirmiştir. Ekonomik düzeyde yaşanılan bu olumlu gelişmeler aynı zamanda sosyal politikalara da yansımıştır. Ülkemiz, bugün insani gelişme göstergelerinden olan en yüksek insani gelişmişlik kategorisine girmiştir. Ancak ekonomideki bu olumlu gelişmeler, yoksulluk ve işsizlik gibi sosyal sorunların etkisini ne yazık ki hafifletememiştir. Kalkınmanın olumsuz etkilerinden biri olan yoksulluk ve bunun neden olduğu birçok sosyal sorun geliştirilen etkili sosyal politikalarla kontrol altına alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Kentsel düzeyde yaşanan yoksulluk ise sürekli değişmektedir. Kadınlar, çocuklar gibi yeni yoksul grupların yaşadığı sorunlar yaşamsal boyuta dönüşebilmektedir. Güçlendirme, var olan bir şeyi daha da güçlü hale getirmektir. Sosyal hizmet, insan davranışı ve sosyal sistem teorilerinden yararlanarak, insanların çevreleriyle etkileşim kurdukları alanlara müdahale eder. Sosyal hizmette insan hakları ve sosyal adalet temeldir. Sosyal hizmette güçlendirme yaklaşımı; mikro, mezzo ve makro düzeyde değişimi ortaya koymak için sıklıkla kullanır. Sosyal hizmette güçlendirme, bireylerin, grupların, toplumların ihtiyaç duydukları politik güce ulaşmasına yardımcı olmak ve bu insanları sınırlandıran kurumlarda ve politikalarda değişiklik yapmayı hedefler. Bu çalışmada; toplumsal kalkınma sürecine bağlı olarak yoksulluğun genel görünümü ve son yıllarda birey, grup ve toplumların kendi iç kaynaklarını harekete geçirmeyi hedefleyen multidisipliner bir ele alış ile güçlendirme yaklaşımının temel özellikleri ve gelecekte yoksulluğun çözümüne yönelik olarak makro düzeyde sosyal adaleti inşa etmeyi amaçlayan ne tür sosyal hizmet ve sosyal politika müdahalelerine ihtiyaç duyulduğu tartışılmaktadır.
Spor Bilimleri Öğrencilerinin Sporda E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: YAVUZ SÖYLER Didem , ALTUNGUL Oğuzhan
Published: August 2023

İçinde bulunduğumuz bilgi ve teknoloji çağına geçişle birlikte e- öğrenme birçok alan gibi eğitim alanına da girmiştir. Gelişen ve değişen yöntemlerin yanı sıra niteliksel ve niceliksel olarak çeşitlilik artmış, eğitim unsurlarının (öğretmen, öğrenci, kurs vb.) yerini internet ve teknolojiye bırakılmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırma Fırat Üniversitesi spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin sporda e-öğrenmeye yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızın evrenini Fırat üniversitesindeki öğrenciler oluştururken örneklemini ise spor bilimleri fakültesindeki 450 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan katılımcıların demografik bilgilerini belirmek amacıyla kişisel bilgi formu ve Bozkurt ve Tamer (2020) tarafından geliştirilen sporda e- öğrenmeye yönelik tutum ölçeği kullanılmıştır. 12 maddeden ve tek boyuttan oluşan ölçek, 5’li Likert tipi derecelendirme kullanılmıştır. Ölçekten minimum 12 maksimum 60 puan alınmaktadır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa değeri ,92 dir. Araştırma bulgularının yüzde, frekans, standart sapma ve ortalama değer, anova analizlerinin tablolara dönüştürülmesi sonucu bilimsel genellemeler çerçevesinde önerilere dönüştürülerek çalışma sonuçlandırılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılanların % 64,4’ü erkek, % 49,6’sı 21-23 yaş aralığında, %28,2’si rekreasyon,%25,5’i 1. sınıf öğrencileridir. Katılımcıların cinsiyet ve okudukları bölüm durumuna bakıldığında Sporda E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinden aldıkları puanların ortalama ve standart sapmasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür ( p<0.05).
GÖÇMEN OLAN VE OLMAYAN KADINLARDA DOĞUM ÖNCESİ BAKIM MEMNUNİYETİNİN TRAVMATİK DOĞUM ALGISINA ETKİSİ
Authors: BÜLEZ Aysel , KARATAŞ OKYAY Esra , SEVER Eda , BOLAT Aslıhan , KÜRKLÜ Ayşe
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı göçmen olan ve olmayan lohusalarda doğum öncesi bakım memnuniyetinin travmatik doğum algısına etkisini belirlemek ve karşılaştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte tasarlanan araştırma Türkiye’nin güneyinde bulunan bir şehir hastanesinin lohusa servisinde, Ocak-Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya doğum sonu ilk üç gün içerisinde olan, gönüllü 148’i göçmen olan ve 148’i göçmen olmayan, toplam 296 lohusa katılmıştır. Veriler toplanırken Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Doğum Öncesi Bakım Memnuniyet Ölçeği (DÖBMÖ) ve Travmatik Doğum Algısı Ölçeği (TDAÖ) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda göçmen olmayan lohusalarda yaşanılan bölgenin, doğum şeklinin ve doğum yaptıran kişinin doğum öncesi bakım memnuniyetini etkilediği belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). DÖBMÖ toplam ve alt boyut (bakım sanatı, teknik kalite, fiziksel çevre, ulaşılabilirlik ve uygunluk) ortancalarının göçmen lohusalarda (sırasıyla; 75.00, 23.00, 14.00, 13.00, 14.00, 10.00) göçmen olmayanlara (sırasıyla; 66,00, 21.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 9.00) göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.001). TDAÖ toplam ortancasının ise göçmen lohusalarda (66,00) göçmen olmayanlara (79.00) göre anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.001). Korelasyon analizinde; göçmen olmayan lohusalarda DÖBMÖ ile TDAÖ arasında istatistiksel olarak negatif yönde ve zayıf düzeyde ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (r=-0.16; p˂0.05). Göçmen olan lohusalarda ise DÖBMÖ ile TDAÖ arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (r=-0.038; p>0.05).
Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları doğum öncesi bakım memnuniyetinin göçmen olmayan lohusalarda travmatik doğum algısını etkilediğini, göçmen olan lohusalarda ise etkilemediğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca göçmen olmayan lohusalarla karşılaştırıldığında, göçmen lohusalarda doğum öncesi bakım memnuniyetinin daha yüksek ve travmatik doğum algısının daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir.
ANTI-COLLISION SYSTEM USING GPS AND GSM MODULE
Authors: Deshmukh Sushant , Tarange Vishal ,   AISSMS IOIT
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a system which will detect the obstacles in front of a vehicle. This system consists of AT mega 328 controller, ultrasonic sensor, accelerometer, GPS and GSM. The ultrasonic sensor which is interfaced with the Arduino is used for detection of obstacles. The GPS is used for the sending the location coordinate of vehicle using GSM module.
DIGITAL AUTHENTICATION USING FACE RECOGNITION
Authors: Sandhiya R , Narisetty Sai Siddhardha , Kumar Svs Dheeraj , Vijay Kumar Ujjini , Vedith Tella ,   R.M.K College of Engineering and Technology
Published: August 2023

Security is the main concern in any of the web application or apps. To ensure security, biometricsystem is used for higher secure system. Usually manyof the security based devices uses fingerprint authentication for access. Finger Print recognition based devices have a large demand for security concerns. On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization has declared the situation with a worldwide pandemic of Corona virus (COVID-19). The World Health Organization characterizes this sickness as a pandemic since all residents of the world are possibly presented to COVID-19 disease. With thefoundation of the worldwide pandemic status, WHO additionally affirmed that COVID-19 was a global crisis. The pattern of digitalization is turning into another business pattern to create and make due amidst an emergency because of this pandemic. However some portals and software system requires the direct contact of fingerprint or entering the password for authentication. Authentication is a significant issue in system control. It renders in the high security of any software system. Due to pandemic most of us are away from the working or educational places where we personally use the fingerprint for the authentication or attendance. Many of the security based devices are fingerprint recognition based but the COVID-19 has left a drawback with this fingerprint based secure systems as the people are not physically available for the authentication. In order to overcome this we can use the contactless biometric system methods like face recognition system. In this paper we give a solution of face recognition for login system to access the information where usually fingerprint isused for authentication.
CONSTRUCTION SITE INSPECTION BY USING DRONE OR UAV
Authors: Patil Snehal Shivshant , kumar Admuthe, Vivek Sanjay , Krushna Patil, Rushikesh , Bhokare Nishchay Pradip , Dadaso Desai Aditya , Rajkumar Chhachwale Sneha , Nikam Prof. Dr. D.A. , Desai Dr. D. B. ,   Shivaji University Kolhapur
Published: August 2023

The objective of this paper is to perform the innovative idea for the new structures of Constructure Site inspection, in civil sector, currently ongoing constructions sites are monitored manually which time consuming and also need human energy, time & cost, so to overcome this problem we are trying to develop this system. Our Construction Site Inspection by using Drone or UAV is based on organized real- time data that is gathered using a variety of cutting-edge instruments, such as drone, sensors, camera, and site photos etc. here advanced software is used to analyses the data, enabling better operations, planning and adjusting
PROBIOTICS: A SIGNIFICANT APPROACH TO HEALTH
Authors: Bhunia Rima , Singh Varsha , Das Srijan , Krishna Basu Anindya , Sikdar Dolanchapa ,   Guru Nanak Institute of Technology
Published: August 2023

This report deals with the study that Probiotics have been with us for as long as people have eaten fermented milks, but their collaboration with health benefits have only come in the century when Metchnikoff gave idea of replacing dangerous microbes by useful ones in order to modify our gut flora. Later based on assumption that colonization of the gut was essential, used intestinal strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus for treatment of constipation, digestive hazards. According to Food and agriculture organisation of United Nations (UN) probiotics are live microorganisms which on administering in proper amount produces useful effects to the host when consumed orally. Probiotics were found to effectively influence the host by enhancing their microbial balance of intestine, thus suppressing pathogens and toxin forming bacteria. Hence, probiotics with boosting the functioning of the immune system also naturally help in fighting bad bacteria by providing the body with sufficient good to keep the body in symbiosis. It doesn't have any risk of overdose too that leads to the need for a prescription or the monitoring of a physician.
High-Performance Convolutional Neural Network Model to Identify COVID-19 in Medical Images
Authors: Sunarjo Macellino Setyaji , Gan Hong-Seng , Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses
Published: August 2023

Convolutional neural network (CNN) is a deep learning (DL) model that has significantly contributed to medical systems because it is very useful in digital image processing. However, CNN has several limitations, such as being prone to overfitting, not being properly trained if there is data duplication, and can cause unwanted results if there is an imbalance in the amount of data in each class. Data augmentation techniques are used to overcome overfitting, eliminate data duplication, and random under sampling methods to balance the amount of data in each class, to overcome these problems. In addition, if the CNN model is not designed properly, the computation is less efficient. Research has proved that data augmentation can prevent or overcome overfitting, eliminating duplicate data can make the model more stable, and balancing the amount of data makes the model unbiased and easy to learn new data as evidenced through model evaluation and testing. The results also show that the custom convolutional neural network model is the best model compared to ResNet50 and VGG19 in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, loss performance, and computation time efficiency
Transforming Civics for High-Need Students
Authors: Owen Diana , Phillips Donna P. , Irion-Groth Alissa
Published: August 2023

This study offers a blueprint for the development, implementation, and assessment of a civic education program through a cooperative, iterative process. It explores the evolution of the James Madison Legacy Project Expansion during its formative stages. The Center for Civic Education was responsible for the implementation aspects of the JMLPE which involved updating and adapting the We the People: The Citizen and the Constitution (WTP) curriculum for the three student populations while designing and providing teacher professional development (PD). Georgetown University's Civic Education Research Lab simultaneously conducted research on the JMLPE that informed the implementation process.
Compaction, aeration and addition of mycotoxin contaminated silage alters the fermentation profile, mycotoxin content and aerobic stability of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) silage
Authors: Snelling Timothy J. , Davies David R. , Huntington James A. , Adams Nick , Warren Helen , Taylor-Pickard Jules , Sinclair Liam A.
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effect of compaction, aeration and addition of a naturally mycotoxin contaminated ryegrass silage (MCS) containing 1803 µg/kg DM penicillic acid, on the nutritional value and mycotoxin content after ensiling and subsequent aerobic stability of ryegrass Lolium perenne silage (second-cut, June 2020, UK). Mini silos (30 L) were filled with differential compaction (500 kg FW/m3 and 333 kg FW/m3), aeration by injection of air (1L per 48h for 30d then 1L per 7d) and addition of MCS (1.5 g/kg FW ensiled forage) in a 2×2×2 factorial design. During ensilage, mean CO2% (kg FW) in the aerated silos increased with low compaction. Crude protein (CP) increased and ash decreased with aeration. Mean silage fermentation end products acetic (AA), lactic (LA) and propionic acid (PA) concentrations increased with MCS. PA concentration increased with aeration/low compaction. LA decreased and ethanol increased with low compaction. Mycotoxin profiles differed between the silages on opening and after 14-days incubation in aerobic conditions with disappearance of fusarenon X and penicillic acid and appearance of mycophenolic acid and roquefortine C (318 µg/kg DM and 890 µg/kg DM). Addition of MCS, increased the concentration of penicillic acid on opening with an interaction with aeration (80.6µg/kg DM MCS × aerated, 40.0 µg/kg DM in the MCS × sealed). Aerobic stability was affected by aeration and low compaction with reduced time taken to heat to +5°C and +10°C above ambient temperature, higher rate of increase in pH and higher cumulative temperatures to the first peak temperature. Higher mycotoxin concentration at opening had a similar effect increasing time to heat +5°C and +10°C above ambient temperatures in aerobic conditions. Regression analysis showed predominantly direct relationships between silage fermentation end-product concentrations and aerobic stability. This study revealed interactions between silage bacteria and fungi activity from the concentrations of fermentation end-products and mycotoxins during ensilage and subsequent aerobic spoilage. The results supported current best practice for silage making, promoting conditions for improved preservation and aerobic stability. The addition of MCS had unexpected positive effects. However, factors associated with the MCS benefiting aerobic stability were not determined.
Case Report: A rare homozygous patient affected by TTR systemic amyloidosis with a prominent heart involvement
Authors: Micaglio Emanuele , Santangelo Gloria , Moscardelli Silvia , Rusconi Daniela , Musca Francesco , Verde Alessandro , Campiglio Laura , Bursi Francesca , Guazzi Marco
Published: August 2023

Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis is a severe, adult-onset autosomal dominant inherited systemic disease predominantly affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system, heart, kidney, and the eyes. We present a case of a Caucasian 65-year-old man with cardiac amyloidosis and the homozygous mutation Val142Ile (classically, Val122Ile) in the transthyretin gene. We provide a genotype-phenotype correlation regarding the genetic status of both heterozygous and homozygous individuals and their clinical conditions at the time of genetic testing.
Impact of CytoSorb® on interleukin-6 in cardiac surgery
Authors: Geisler Daniela , Arleth Noemi , Grabenwöger Johannes , Arnold Zsuzsanna , Aschacher Thomas , Winkler Bernhard , Mach Markus , Grabenwöger Martin
Published: August 2023

Objective

Cardiac surgery is known to activate a cascade of inflammatory mediators leading to a systemic inflammatory response. Hemadsorption (HA) devices such as CytoSorb® have been postulated to mitigate an overshooting immune response, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and thus improve outcome. We aimed to investigate the effect of CytoSorb® on interleukin (IL)-6 levels in patients undergoing complex cardiac surgery in comparison to a control group.

Methods

A total of 56 patients (28 CytoSorb®, 28 control) undergoing acute and elective cardiac surgery between January 2020 and February 2021 at the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was the difference in IL-6 levels between the CytoSorb® and control group. Secondary endpoint was periprocedural mortality.

Results

CytoSorb®, installed in the bypass circuit, had no significant effect on IL-6 levels. IL-6 peaked on the first postoperative day (HA: 775.3 ± 838.4 vs. control: 855.5 ± 1,052.9 pg/ml, p = 0.856). In total, three patients died in the HA group, none in the control (logistic regression model, p = 0.996). Patients with an increased Euroscore II of 7 or more showed a reduced IL-6 response compared to patients with an Euroscore II below 7 (178.3 ± 63.1 pg/ml vs. 908.6 ± 972.6 pg/ml, p-value = 0.00306).

Conclusions

No significant reduction of IL-6 levels or periprocedural mortality through intraoperative HA with CytoSorb® in patients undergoing cardiac surgery was observed. However, this study was able to show a reduced immunologic response in patients with a high Euroscore II. The routine application of CytoSorb® in cardiac surgery to reduce inflammatory mediators has to be scrutinized in future prospective randomized studies.
Safety, accuracy, and prediction of prognosis in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease undergoing dobutamine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Weberling Lukas D. , Seitz Sebastian , Salatzki Janek , Ochs Andreas , Haney Ailís C. , Siry Deborah , Heins Jannick , Steen Henning , Frey Norbert , André Florian
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Due to its unique uremia-derived pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the limitations of using potentially harmful contrast agents, the best non-invasive approach to assess CAD in these patients remains unclear. We sought to investigate the accuracy, safety, and prognosis of patients with severe CKD undergoing dobutamine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).

Materials and methods

In this retrospective, single-center study, patients on dialysis or with a glomerular filtration rate of <15 ml/min/1.73 m2 who underwent dobutamine stress CMR were included. A rest and stress wall motion analysis was performed using dobutamine/atropine as stressor. The target heart rate was 85% of the maximum heart rate. Periprocedural adverse events and 1-year follow-up data were obtained.

Results

A total of 176 patients (127 men, 49 women) with a mean age of 60.9 ± 14.7 years were included, of which 156 patients were on permanent dialysis. Short-term symptoms such as angina or shortness of breath during stress CMR were frequent (22.1%), but major complications were rare (one patient with myocardial infarction, 0.6%). The 1-year event rate was high (16.4%) with a significant independent correlation to reduced ejection fraction at rest (p = 0.037) and failure to achieve the target heart rate (p = 0.029). The overall accuracy for predicting significant CAD was good (sensitivity of 71.4%, specificity of 98.4%) and excellent if the target heart rate was achieved (83.3%, 97.9%). A negative stress CMR was highly predictive for the absence of major adverse cardiac event or any coronary revascularization during the 1-year follow-up (negative predictive value of 95.0%).

Discussion

Dobutamine stress CMR is a safe and accurate diagnostic imaging technique in patients at advanced stages of chronic kidney disease. A reduced ejection fraction and the inability to reach the target heart rate are independent predictors of a poor outcome.
Association of systemic immune inflammation index and system inflammation response index with clinical risk of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wei Xing , Zhang Zhipeng , Wei Jing , Luo Chunmiao
Published: August 2023

Background

Systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) are combinations of non-specific inflammatory and adaptive immune response impairments associated with cardiovascular disease. Yet little analysis has been done on SII, SIRI and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of SII and SIRI with clinical risk factors such as GRACE, Gensini, and QTc after acute myocardial infarction.

Methods

This study enrolled 310 patients with AMI from February 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, at our institution. Routine blood items calculated SII and SIRI. Two groups were divided according to whether MACE occurred: the MACE group (81 cases) and the NMACE group (229 cases); each group was divided into three groups according to the SII and SIRI tertiles. The relationship between SII, SIRI and MACE was analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounders; ROC curves were plotted to examine the predictive value of SII and SIRI for MACE. The correlation between SII and SIRI and potential risk factors such as Gensini, QTc and GRACE was further analyzed.

Results

The study enrolled 310 patients, comprising 248 men (80%, mean age 60.73 ± 13.695 years) and 62 women (20%, mean age 69.79 ± 11.555 years). In the regression model completely adjusted for confounders, the risk of MACE was higher in AMI patients with SII > 11.00 [OR = 1.061,95% CI (1.018,1.105)] than in SII < 5.98; the risk of MACE was 115.3% higher in AMI patients with SIRI (1.72–3.68) [OR = 2.153, 95% CI (1.251, 3.705)] was 115.3% higher in AMI patients with SIRI < 1.72 and the risk of MACE was 25.1% higher in AMI patients with SIRI > 3.68 [OR = 1.251, 95% CI (1.123, 1.394)] than in AMI patients with SIRI < 1.72. In addition, SII, SIRI, and potential post-infarction risk factors (Gensini, QTc, and GRACE) were also associated.

Conclusion

SII and SIRI have been significantly associated with post-myocardial infarction MACE and the predictive potential clinically integrated risk factors in AMI patients, for which more attention should be paid to targeted anti-inflammatory therapy in AMI patients to further reduce the incidence of prognostic MACE in AMI patients.
A brief review of steam flooding and its applications in fractured oil shale reservoirs
Authors: Xu Yunfeng , Zhang Zhiquan , Zhou Yuhui
Published: August 2023

Steam flooding is an important thermal recovery method for heavy oil reservoirs, and convective heating technology is used to fracture oil shale reservoirs with good results. This paper reviews the main prediction methods, optimization approaches for steam flooding performance, and its application in fractured oil shale reservoirs. The prediction methods include experimental, numerical simulation, and statistical models. These provide insights into steam override, heat transfer, and production dynamics. To optimize steam flooding, parameters like quality, temperature, injection rate, and allocation need to be coordinated based on reservoir conditions and monitoring data. Real-time injection control, economic analysis, and sweep efficiency improvements should also be considered in optimization workflows. Although progress has been made, more field studies are needed to establish systematic optimization practices utilizing advanced technologies. This review summarizes the key developments in steam flooding modeling and optimization, providing a reference for further research and field applications.
Marianismo and the changing role of Latinas in educational leadership
Authors: Salazar Montoya LeAnne C. , Kew Kristin
Published: August 2023

This article focuses on the testimonios of accomplished Latina school leaders, shedding light on their upbringing, familial responsibilities, generational poverty, and commitment to challenge the prevailing narrative and break through institutional barriers. We provide an overview of how they shaped and navigated their professional careers despite various barriers and how they blazed new trails for future generations. Cultural norms, familial responsibilities, and uncommon mentorship models for Latina school leaders are discussed. These leaders often missed family gatherings and children's events but had found ways to balance work and life and care for their loved ones. They acted as role models of professional success for their family, friends, and colleagues. They were windows, mirrors, and sliding glass doors for those needing their support.

Recommendations

The women in our research serve as mentors (referred to as femtors) to other women in their fields. Through their achievements, they challenge and overcome the glass ceilings imposed by hegemonic systemic structures that favor and maintain existing social hierarchies by breaking through them. These structures often contribute to the marginalization of certain groups. Our findings from these testimonios fully capture the authenticity and essence of the participants' lived experiences while utilizing a feminist framework to construct research. The themes that emerged include (1) fostering a professional community linking one to other educational professionals, (2) participating in structured mentorship development programs throughout your career, (3) remaining a lifelong learner, (4) fostering professional relationships, and (5) remaining confident yet humble, and being one's authentic self. Finally, as the former Chancellor of New York Schools, Richard Carranza, often says, “Do not get lost trying to keep your job that you forget to do your job.” Our research delves into how these factors have led to their professional success and positioned them at the forefront of their fields. The pathways of the women in this study were similar in that their decisions led to positions of authority, namely superintendency, and gaining recognition for breaking through the traditional glass ceiling. We must consider whether generations of Latinas did not pursue careers or leadership positions outside their homes due to what they felt were their cultural and family obligations. Many agree that marianismo has prevented Latinas from reaching their goals.
Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: genetics, clinical features and management
Authors: Lu Qi , Xu Yang , Zhang Zeng , Li Shanshan , Zhang Zhenlin
Published: August 2023

Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) is a genetic disorder mainly characterized by clubbing fingers, pachydermia and periostosis. Mutations in the HPGD or SLCO2A1 gene lead to impaired prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) degradation, thus elevating PGE2 levels. The identification of the causative genes has provided a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. PHO can be divided into three subtypes according to its pathogenic gene and inheritance patterns. The onset age, sex ratio and clinical features differ among subtypes. The synthesis and signaling pathways of PGE2 are outlined in this review. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the key enzyme that acts as the rate-limiting step for prostaglandin production, thus COX-2 inhibitors have been used to treat this disease. Although this treatment showed effective results, it has side effects that restrain its use. Here, we reviewed the genetics, clinical features, differential diagnosis and current treatment options of PHO according to our many years of clinical research on the disease. We also discussed probable treatment that may be an option in the future.
Finding of the optimal preparation and timing of endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a literature review of clinical evidence
Authors: Hsueh Ya-Wen , Huang Chien-Chu , Hung Shuo-Wen , Chang Chia-Wei , Hsu Hsi-Chen , Yang Tung-Chuan , Lin Wu-Chou , Su Shan-Yu , Chang Hsun-Ming
Published: August 2023

Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) has been a viable alternative to fresh embryo transfer in recent years because of the improvement in vitrification methods. Laboratory-based studies indicate that complex molecular and morphological changes in endometrium during the window of implantation after exogenous hormones with controlled ovarian stimulation may alter the interaction between the embryo and endometrium, leading to a decreased implantation potential. Based on the results obtained from randomized controlled studies, increased pregnancy rates and better perinatal outcomes have been reported following FET. Compared to fresh embryo transfer, fewer preterm deliveries, and reduced incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome were found after FETs, yet there is a trend of increased pregnancy-related hypertensive diseases in women receiving FET. Despite the increased application of FET, the search for the most optimal priming protocol for the endometrium is still undergoing. Three available FET protocols have been proposed to prepare the endometrium: i) natural cycle (true natural cycle and modified natural cycle) ii) artificial cycle (AC) or hormone replacement treatment cycle iii) mild ovarian stimulation (mild-OS) cycle. Emerging evidence suggests that the optimal timing for FET using warmed blastocyst transfer is the LH surge+6 day, hCG administration+7 day, and the progesterone administration+6 day in the true natural cycle, modified natural cycle, and AC protocol, respectively. Although still controversial, better clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates have been reported using the natural cycle (true natural cycle/modified natural cycle) compared with the AC protocol. Additionally, a higher early pregnancy loss rate and an increased incidence of gestational hypertension have been found in FETs using the AC protocol because of the lack of a corpus luteum. Although the common clinical practice is to employ luteal phase support (LPS) in natural cycles and mild-OS cycles for FET, the requirement for LPS in these protocols remains equivocal. Recent findings obtained from RCTs do not support the routine application of endometrial receptivity testing to optimize the timing of FET. More RCTs with rigorous methodology are needed to compare different protocols to prime the endometrium for FET, focusing not only on live birth rate, but also on maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes.
Calculation and optimization of inter-regional available transfer capability considering wind power uncertainty and system improvement measures
Authors: Liu Wenli , Zhang Tao , Yang Xiaolei , Wang Jin
Published: August 2023

The intermittency and uncertainty of wind energy make transmission congestion management increasingly complex. In this paper, we investigate the impact of wind energy on available transmission capacity (ATC) and then explore ways to mitigate transmission congestion from the grid and load side, respectively. The impact of a stochastic variable is considered by applying Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and backward curtailment techniques to generate typical scenarios. ATC is improved by the optimal allocation of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) on the grid side and the use of Demand Response (DR) on the load side. The source-grid-load cooperative optimisation model for ATC is solved by an improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. Based on the IEEE-30 bus system, an experimental scheme is designed and analytical calculations are performed. The results show that the joint application of TCSC and DR can help to improve ATC in a comprehensive way. The work done in this paper can achieve the purpose of promoting renewable energy consumption by improving the utilisation efficiency of the transmission network without changing the network structure.
Multimodal roles of transient receptor potential channel activation in inducing pathological tissue scarification
Authors: Zheng Yuping , Huang Qingrui , Zhang Yanfeng , Geng Lanxin , Wang Wuqing , Zhang Huimin , He Xiang , Li Qiannan
Published: August 2023

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a class of transmembrane proteins that can sense a variety of physical/chemical stimuli, participate in the pathological processes of various diseases and have attracted increasing attention from researchers. Recent studies have shown that some TRP channels are involved in the development of pathological scarification (PS) and directly participate in PS fibrosis and re-epithelialization or indirectly activate immune cells to release cytokines and neuropeptides, which is subdivided into immune inflammation, fibrosis, pruritus and mechanical forces increased. This review elaborates on the characteristics of TRP channels, the mechanism of PS and how TRP channels mediate the development of PS, summarizes the important role of TRP channels in the different pathogenesis of PS and proposes that therapeutic strategies targeting TRP will be important for the prevention and treatment of PS. TRP channels are expected to become new targets for PS, which will make further breakthroughs and provide potential pharmacological targets and directions for the in-depth study of PS.
Research on explosive damage effects of tungsten fiber-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix composite shell
Authors: Xing Bingnan , Du Chengxin , Du Zhonghua , Fu Huameng , Zhu Zhengwang , Zhou Feng
Published: August 2023

To expand the application range of explosive fragmentation projectiles, tungsten fiber-reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composite (WF/Zr-MG) is used as the warhead shell in static explosion experiments, and is compared with 40CrMnSiB steel shells. The experimental results showed that, compared with 40CrMnSiB steel shells, the fragments produced by the WF/Zr-MG shell exhibit a larger aspect ratio, smaller average size, and a greater number of fragments at distances of 3 m and 5 m, with an equal number of fragments at a distance of 8 m. Theoretical calculations showed that the initial velocity of the fragments produced by the WF/Zr-MG shell is lower, but their velocity decay is slower, resulting in a greater determined damage range. The research results showed that WF/Zr-MG can be used as a shell material for explosive fragmentation projectiles, which can enhance their destructive power.
The effect of local anesthetics against planktonic forms and film formation of S. aureus strains and its dependence on antiseptics activity
Authors: Faustova Mariia , Nazarchuk Oleksandr , Dmytriiev Dmytro , Babina Yuliana , Nazarchuk Halyna , Dudar Alina
Published: August 2023

Today surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the second among hospital acquired infections in Europe and the USA. Staphylococcus aureus as a pathogen of nosocomial infections occur more frequently in surgical hospitals. The work was aimed to establish the effect of local anesthetics against planktonic forms and biofilm-formation of S. aureus clinical strains and the relationship between the sensitivity of S. aureus strains to local anesthetics and antiseptics in vitro. The antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics (0.5%, bupivacaine, 2.0% lidocaine, 0.375% ropivacaine) and antiseptics (decamethoxine 0.02%, chlorhexidine 0.05%) against clinical strains of S. aureus was observed and studied their ability to produce biofilms. The antimicrobial effect of local anesthetics was lower compared to antiseptics, but we observed inhibition of growth and reproduction of S. aureus in their presence. The ropivacaine solution and the lidocaine solution demonstrated almost the same activity against the studied microorganism isolates. Along with this, bupivacaine solution had the highest activity against the studied microorganisms. The minimal inhibitory concentration of bupivacaine for S. aureus was 2.2 times lower than the minimal inhibitory concentration of lidocaine and 2.1 times lower than the minimal inhibitory concentration of ropivacaine significantly (p < 0.05). Scientific research on various aspects of the formation of bacterial biofilms is a relevant area that will change approaches to the prophylaxis and treatment of a number of infections, including SSIs.
Immunohistochemical distribution of secretagogin in the mouse brain
Authors: Téllez de Meneses Pablo G. , Pérez-Revuelta Laura , Canal-Alonso Ángel , Hernández-Pérez Carlos , Cocho Teresa , Valero Jorge , Weruaga Eduardo , Díaz David , Alonso José R.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Calcium is essential for the correct functioning of the central nervous system, and calcium-binding proteins help to finely regulate its concentration. Whereas some calcium-binding proteins such as calmodulin are ubiquitous and are present in many cell types, others such as calbindin, calretinin, and parvalbumin are expressed in specific neuronal populations. Secretagogin belongs to this latter group and its distribution throughout the brain is only partially known. In the present work, the distribution of secretagogin-immunopositive cells was studied in the entire brain of healthy adult mice.

Methods

Adult male C57BL/DBA mice aged between 5 and 7 months were used. Their whole brain was sectioned and used for immunohistochemistry. Specific neural populations were observed in different zones and nuclei identified according to Paxinos mouse brain atlas.

Results

Labelled cells were found with a Golgi-like staining, allowing an excellent characterization of their dendritic and axonal arborizations. Many secretagogin-positive cells were observed along different encephalic regions, especially in the olfactory bulb, basal ganglia, and hypothalamus. Immunostained populations were very heterogenous in both size and distribution, as some nuclei presented labelling in their entire extension, but in others, only scattered cells were present.

Discussion

Secretagogin can provide a more complete vision of calcium-buffering mechanisms in the brain, and can be a useful neuronal marker in different brain areas for specific populations.
Impact of biological rhythms on the importance hierarchy of constituents in time-dependent functional brain networks
Authors: Bröhl Timo , von Wrede Randi , Lehnertz Klaus
Published: August 2023

Biological rhythms are natural, endogenous cycles with period lengths ranging from less than 24 h (ultradian rhythms) to more than 24 h (infradian rhythms). The impact of the circadian rhythm (approximately 24 h) and ultradian rhythms on spectral characteristics of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals has been investigated for more than half a century. Yet, only little is known on how biological rhythms influence the properties of EEG-derived evolving functional brain networks. Here, we derive such networks from multiday, multichannel EEG recordings and use different centrality concepts to assess the time-varying importance hierarchy of the networks’ vertices and edges as well as the various aspects of their structural integration in the network. We observe strong circadian and ultradian influences that highlight distinct subnetworks in the evolving functional brain networks. Our findings indicate the existence of a vital and fundamental subnetwork that is rather generally involved in ongoing brain activities during wakefulness and sleep.
The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and the pulvinar as essential partners for visual cortical functions
Authors: Casanova Christian , Chalupa Leo M.
Published: August 2023

In most neuroscience textbooks, the thalamus is presented as a structure that relays sensory signals from visual, auditory, somatosensory, and gustatory receptors to the cerebral cortex. But the function of the thalamic nuclei goes beyond the simple transfer of information. This is especially true for the second-order nuclei, but also applies to first-order nuclei. First order thalamic nuclei receive information from the periphery, like the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), which receives a direct input from the retina. In contrast, second order thalamic nuclei, like the pulvinar, receive minor or no input from the periphery, with the bulk of their input derived from cortical areas. The dLGN refines the information received from the retina by temporal decorrelation, thereby transmitting the most “relevant” signals to the visual cortex. The pulvinar is closely linked to virtually all visual cortical areas, and there is growing evidence that it is necessary for normal cortical processing and for aspects of visual cognition. In this article, we will discuss what we know and do not know about these structures and propose some thoughts based on the knowledge gained during the course of our careers. We hope that these thoughts will arouse curiosity about the visual thalamus and its important role, especially for the next generation of neuroscientists.
Myocardial infarction impaired wall mechanics and hemodynamics in peripheral arteries
Authors: Xue Qiang , Shi Hongyu , Li Li , Jin Qing , Wang Xuan , Huo Yunlong
Published: August 2023

Myocardial infarction (MI) impaired both cardiac functions and peripheral arteries. The changes in normal and shear stresses in the peripheral artery wall are of importance for understanding the progression of MI-induced heart failure (HF). The aim of the study is to investigate the corresponding changes of normal and shear stresses. The coronary artery ligation was used to induce the MI in Wistar rats. The analysis of wall mechanics and hemodynamics was performed based on in vivo and in vitro measurements. Myocardial infarction increased wall stiffness in elastic carotid and muscular femoral arteries significantly albeit different changes occurred between the two vessels from 3 to 6 weeks postoperatively. Moreover, the hemodynamic analysis showed the gradually deteriorated wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index and relative residence time in the two arteries. This study probably shed light on understanding the interaction between abnormal systemic circulation and peripheral mechanics and hemodynamics during the development of MI-induced HF.