bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Virtual Zumba® on Functional Outcomes in Adults with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: MUNN EMILY E. , LANG DANIELLE M. , HYNES JANETTE , NORTHCUTT ALICE , PATTEN BETTY S. , WADSWORTH DANIELLE D. , PANGELINAN MELISSA M.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Few studies have examined the comprehensive impact of adaptive exercise interventions across multiple functional domains (i.e., physical and cognitive health) in adults with developmental disabilities (DD).

Methods

The present study examined the effects of a 10-wk (2 sessions per week, 1 h per session) adapted Zumba® intervention on the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance, body composition, and executive function in 44 adults with DD age 20.8–69.2 yr. In addition to examining overall differences between control and intervention conditions, the effects of different Zumba® tempos (normal/low) were examined. A crossover design with a 3-month wash-out period was used such that participants in the intervention also served as controls. The participants were quasi-randomized into one of two Zumba® conditions: low-tempo Zumba® (0.75 normal speed; n = 23) and normal-tempo Zumba® (n = 21).

Results

A significant condition–time interaction was observed for the 6MWT and TUG; participants in the low and normal-tempo Zumba® conditions significantly increased the distance walked for the 6MWT and reduced the total time for the TUG. No improvement was observed during the control condition for these measures. There were no significant condition–time interactions for the other outcomes.

Conclusions

These findings have implications on the efficacy and implementation of virtual Zumba® programs to increase abilities related to independent performance of activities of daily living in adults with disabilities.
Study of the bioactive content of olive oil products and by-products using high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Κατσιάνου Παναγιώτα
Published: March 2023

Το ελαιόλαδο και οι επιτραπέζιες ελιές αποτελούν σημαντικό μέρος της μεσογειακής διατροφής και τα δύο καταναλώνονται εκτενώς σε όλο τον κόσμο καθώς συνδέονται με τη μακροζωία και τον μειωμένο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης αρκετών ασθενειών. Όσον αφορά το πρώτο, η παραγωγή του δημιουργεί τεράστιο αριθμό αποβλήτων (φύλλα ελιάς, ελαιοπυρήνα και κατσίγαρο) τα οποία χαρακτηρίζονται από μεγάλη φυτοτοξική δράση, προκαλώντας περιβαλλοντικά προβλήματα σε όλο το οικοσύστημα. Από την άλλη πλευρά, η σημασία των επιτραπέζιων ελιών είναι μάλλον υποτιμημένη παρά τα πολυάριθμα οφέλη για την υγεία που προκύπτουν από τη χημική τους σύσταση. Επίσης, υπάρχει ένα κενό στη βιβλιογραφία τόσο όσον αφορά το βιοδραστικό προφίλ ορισμένων σημαντικών ποικιλιών ελιάς της Ελλάδας, όπως η Κολοβή από τη Λέσβο, όσο και για την επίδραση των διαφορετικών μεθόδων εκπίκρανσης στο επίπεδο των φαινολικών ενώσεων που βρίσκονται στα τελικά προιόντα. Έτσι, ο γενικός στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η ανάπτυξη καινοτόμων μεθοδολογιών βασισμένων στο LC-QTOFMS για τnν εύρεση του φαινολικού προφίλ επιτραπέζιων ελιών και παραπροϊόντων ελαιολάδου, αναδεικνύοντας τη θρεπτική τους αξία και την αντιοξειδωτική τους ικανότητα, αντίστοιχα.Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, με τη χρήση των προαναφερθέντων μεθοδολογιών, πραγματοποιήθηκε ένας ολοκληρωμένος χαρακτηρισμός των ποικιλιών ελιάς της Λέσβου με την εφαρμογή των προσεγγίσεων της στοχευμένης και ύποπτης σάρωσης ενώ ταυτόχρονα μελετήθηκε διεξοδικά το φαινολικό προφίλ των ελιών στις διάφορες διεργασίες εκπίκρανσης με βάση μόνο ποσοτικά δεδομένα [Κεφάλαιο 3]. Επίσης, πραγματοποιήθηκε ενδελεχής μοριακός χαρακτηρισμός επιτραπέζιων ελιών που έχουν υποστεί δύο διαφορετικές μορφές εκπίκρανσης (φυσικός και χημικός) χρησιμοποιώντας διεργασίες στοχευμένης και μη στοχευμένης σάρωσης, ενώ επιλέχθηκαν χαρακτηριστικοί δείκτες για τη μετέπειτα διαφοροποίησή τους με την περαιτέρω σύζευξη του HRMS με τη χημειομετρία [Κεφάλαιο 4]. Τέλος, εφαρμόστηκαν προσεγγίσεις στοχευμένης και ύποπτης σάρωσης για την αξιολόγηση του μεταβολικού προφίλ των παραπροιόντων του ελαιόλαδου προερχόμενων από τις ίδιες ποικιλίες ελιάς της Λέσβου [Κεφάλαιο 5].Είναι ισχυρή μας πεποίθηση ότι αυτές οι μεθοδολογίες HRMS που αναπτύχθηκαν καθώς και τα εξαχθέντα, από τις μελέτες, πειραματικά δεδομένα θα συμβάλουν στην προώθηση των ελιών του Βορείου Αιγαίου, στην επιλογή της πιο αποτελεσματικής μεθόδου εκπίκρανσης και στην αξιοποίηση των παραπροιότων τους ελαιολάδου σε διάφορες εφαρμογές μειώνοντας τις περιβαλλοντικές τους επιπτώσεις.
Assessing the impacts of conservation volunteering on participant wellbeing: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Nuuttila Hanna
Published: March 2023

Background: Volunteers and citizen scientists have become an essential element of most nature conservation and restoration activities due to lack of resources but also due to the wish to engage and interact with local communities where conservation activities take place. Environmental or conservation volunteering is also considered to be a key resource in achieving much needed, ambitious nature restoration programs. Practical conservation work and various forms of environmental enhancement along with recreational and therapeutic use of natural or green and blue spaces have been studied for some time. The value of volunteers and the work is widely acknowledged but few studies have been carried out on the impacts of participating on the volunteers themselves. Using this protocol, a study will be undertaken to assess how impacts of participation have been assessed and reported in the literature; what these reported impacts are; how these are related to reported barriers and motivations for volunteering and whether they are affected by the region or country of study.

Methods: This paper will identify studies that have described and assessed impacts of conservation and restoration volunteering on participants at an individual level, with a specific focus on physical, mental or societal wellbeing of individuals. Representative studies were sought from major search engines and relevant stakeholder publications, including both peer-reviewed and ‘grey literature’ in predominantly English language publications, published between 2000 and 2020. A priori inclusion criteria consisted of those publications and reports on studies with volunteer and community participants and which described impacts of, motivations for and barriers to participation. After a critical appraisal, a total of 105 articles were selected for further analysis to provide a narrative and mixed methods synthesis of the evidence base.
Recognizing human activities using light-weight and effective machine learning methodologies
Authors: Varadhi Keerthi , Someswara Rao Chinta , Sirisha GNVG , katari Butchi Raju
Published: March 2023

Background

Human activity recognition is a dynamic and challenging task. It is a large field of research and development.  It involves predicting the movement of a person from the raw sensor data using a machine learning model. To accurately detect human activities for e-health systems, several research attempts have been carried out using data mining and machine learning techniques, but there still is room to improve the performance. To this aim, human activities such as walking, standing, laying, sitting, walking upstairs, walking downstairs are predicted using prominent machine learning models. 

The aim of human activity recognition is examining actions from photos or video clips. This serves as the driving force behind human activity identification systems' aim to accurately classify input data into the relevant activity category.

Methods

Six machine learning techniques, including decision tree, random forest, linear regression, Naïve bayes, k-nearest neighbour, and neural networks algorithms, were used for human activity recognition.

Results

The performance of decision tree, random forest, linear regression, Naïve bayes, k-nearest neighbor, and neural network algorithms was assessed with a human activity recognition dataset. From the results, the random forest classifier and neural network gave good results, whereas the Naïve bayes result was not satisfying.

Conclusions

We classified the SITTING, STANDING, LAYING, WALKING, WALKING_DOWNSTAIRS, WALKING_UPSTAIRS activities with machine learning techniques with 98% of accuracy
Effect of problem-based learning on Ugandan secondary school physics classroom practices: an observational study
Authors: Kanyesigye Stella T. , Uwamahoro Jean , Kemeza Imelda
Published: March 2023

Background: Regular class observations are common ways of monitoring what happens inside classrooms during the teaching and learning processes. From the start of 2020, the Ugandan Education System introduced a new curriculum focusing on active learning methods which foster learner-centered approaches, including Problem-Based Learning (PBL). However, this new curriculum is now only emphasized in the lower classes (grades eight and nine), and teachers of the upper classes are still at liberty to use methods of their choice. This study documented the effect of problem-based learning on Ugandan secondary school physics classroom practices using a Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol (RTOP).

Methods: The study followed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design employing cross-sectional survey techniques. The study was carried in 19 secondary schools, both government and private, in Mitooma District, southwestern Uganda. The participants were 419 13th-grade physics students of 2020/2021 school year together with 22 teachers. Professional training in implementing and assessing PBL lessons were offered to some teachers (experimental group), who were compared to those who did not receive the training (control group). The standard and validated international RTOP was used to observe 152 physics lessons. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used to compute descriptive analysis, while IBM SPSS 25 was used to compute inferential statistics.

Results: The results indicated that teachers in the experimental group effectively taught their classes using PBL and learners were more active compared to the control group. Female teachers showed a statistically significant difference compared to their male teachers in reformed teaching of physics, while no significance was found between government and private schools.

Conclusion: Giving teachers professional training is key to effective classroom practices. We recommend teachers to use PBL in teaching, policymakers train teachers on its implementations, and researchers investigate its effect on other subjects with RTOP or other standard observation protocols.
Secondary School in Russia: the Collective Portrait and Prospects. Part 2
Authors: Vasil'chenko N.
Published: March 2023

The article presents the detailed analysis of a secondary school in the Russian Federation. The following blocks have been studied: ‘Strategy for education’, ‘Learners’, ‘Process of education’, ‘Teachers’, ‘Education environment’, ‘Management’, ‘Financial means and Information support’, each of which includes from 5 to 20 indicators. Each indicator was examined separately on the basis of the latest statistical data, political, social, psychological and pedagogical researches and received an  assumed index from 1 to 9. It  laid the foundation for the design of  the secondary education establishment (SEE) model, the major purpose of which is the introduction of the cohesive and detailed portrait of the SEE in order to enhance its development, equity and quality of  education. In  conclusion, each block of  indicators has got the outcome that together permit not only boosting the quality of  education, but also upgrading the school design along with raising its social status. Moreover, some scientific deficiencies have been detected that may serve a road map for new research in pedagogy and linked disciplines.
Research Readiness of Military University Teachers Is a Factor in Improving the Level of Training of Highly Qualified Specialists
Authors: Kolomiychenko L. , Plyuhin Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

The use of new forms and methods of interaction between a teacher and a future officer in the modern educational process is due to their availability, quality and effectiveness. One of  the main directions of  the cadet’s educational activity is  scientific work, which is  based on  the results of  research conducted under the guidance of a teacher. The presented analysis of the guiding documents defining the criteria for the appointment of the teaching staff made it possible to establish the requirements for candidates and the specifics of their selection, in connection with which a problem was identified in the organization of scientific work for a novice teacher. Empirical data obtained during the monitoring of the scientific work of the faculty of the Perm Military Institute of Rosgvardiya for 2021 allowed us to determine its key indicators, which reflect all types of scientific work and have a point equivalent, depending on the level, type and personal contribution of the participant of scientific work.
Formation of Professional Competencies that Ensure the Implementation of Research Activities by Students
Authors: Kostin A. , Dorzheeva A.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the results of a theoretical research "Studying the opinion of parents about the need for psychological and pedagogical assistance in an educational organization". The survey revealed that the largest percentage of respondents are interested in cooperation with educational organizations to maintain the psychological health of their child. Parents are also very concerned about the difficulties they face in the process of raising their child. This practice is an example of the organization of changes in the content and technology of individualization and practice-oriented pedagogical training and ensures the implementation of a new professional standard, new federal state educational standards of general and preschool education.

The article deals with the results of a theoretical research "Studying the opinion of parents about the need for psychological and pedagogical assistance in an educational organization". The survey revealed that the largest percentage of respondents are interested in cooperation with educational organizations to maintain the psychological health of their child. Parents are also very concerned about the difficulties they face in the process of raising their child.
The Attitude of Representatives of Different Age Groups to Aggressive Social Advertising
Authors: Melnikova Irina , Ababkova Marianna
Published: March 2023

In this study, we analyzed the perception of social advertising with elements of aggression by representatives of different age groups. Previously, two hypotheses were put forward: the use of aggression and pressure in social advertising ensures the memorability of advertising but does not ensure effectiveness; aggressive forms of presenting information that appeal to feelings of fear and guilt are negatively perceived by most of the recipients, regardless of their age. To test the hypotheses, a stratified sample was formed, and illustrations (advertising samples) were tested. Both hypotheses were confirmed, which allowed the authors to formulate conclusions. When planning social advertising communication, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of the addressee of the advertisement, which will allow you to find the right ones the content and tone of communication. Modern consumers of advertising content expect openness from the communicator and are tuned to a trusting relationship, they perceive pressure and aggression in social advertising extremely negatively. The addressees need objective information (scientifically confirmed facts, statistics, eyewitness accounts, etc.) in order to realize the significance of the idea, to believe in its usefulness and necessity.
The Role of Family Image in Russian And Polish Paroemiac World Views as a Way of Current Intercultural Communication’s Realization
Authors: Baskakova A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article’s material is dedicated to comparative analysis of peculiarities of Russian and Polish world view through a prism of paroemias.

Aim. Funstional capabilities of paroemias are evaluated at work, opening the manner of thought of Russian and Polish informants for intercultural communication’s achievement.

Methodology and research methods. At the process of Russian and Polish paroemias world view research, descriptive, comparative and solid sample methods were used.

Results. As the result of the work represents the fact of intercultural communication ascertainment through making an analysis of the meanings at pending paroemias structures, search of common and different at the description of family image and the next discovery of main national characteristics at Russian and Polish world views.

Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty of analyzed material consists in search of a new approach of realizing common intercultural communication through search of meanings at paroemias for watching the variants of their interpretation by informants of Russian and Polish lingual cultures starting with an analysis at lexis level and finishing with a realization of their influence on own world view construction and perception of another.

Practical significance. The usage of obtained results can be possibly realized at pedagogics when learners through acquaintance, studying, usage of paroemias at speech come to a perception of speech – thinking relation after being reflected at formation of their own world view; understanding the meanings of Russian and Polish paroemias promotes knowing of world views, indicating about the realization of intercultural communication.
Nigella Sativa - an ordinary herb or a miraculous medicine?
Authors: Orczyk Jakub , Ołownia Aleksandra , Tokarzewska Agata , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, herbal preparations are increasingly used in medicine. These preparations are cheaper, more available and they have fewer side effects than synthetic ones. Nigella Sativa, commonly known as Black Cumin, has been used in traditional medicine since antiquity. This herb is known to have many properties. The prophet Muhammad himself has already mentioned them, claiming that “Black Cumin is a cure for all diseases except death". Researches on N. Sativa confirmed that it has anti-diabetic, anti-asthmatic, pro-fertility, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-ischemic effects. Many of these properties are due to thymoquinone, which is the main component of black cumin essential oil. This present review is an attempt to provide a specific overview of researches and literatures of pharmacognostical profile and pharmacological activity of the seeds of this plant. It will be helpful for scientists, researchers and other healthcare professionals, who are working with this plant and who need to be up to date about it.
Use of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression – review of main stimulation targets
Authors: Tokarzewska Agata , Orczyk Jakub , Ołownia Aleksandra , Małyszek Maciej
Published: March 2023

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an innovative method using neuromodulation in treatment of various diseases, most commonly used in Parkinson’s disease, tremor and dystonia. Due to method’s minimally invasive nature and very low incidence of severe adverse effects, the research upon its use in other indications is conducted. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is one of these emerging indications. Currently available data regarding the matter concentrate mainly of electrode placement within seven particular structures of the brain: the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, the ventral capsule/ventral striatum, the lateral habenula, the nucleus accumbens, the inferior thalamic peduncle, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the medial forebrain bundle. It is yet to be determined which stimulation targets bring the most optimal effect. Published clinical trials give basis to theorize that stimulation of each DBS target results in different neurotransmitter modulation. Antidepressant effects vary also depending on stimulation parameters and overall duration. The aim of this review is to compare various targets for stimulation and underlying physiological mechanisms in therapy of TRD. It is needed to keep in mind that there is still high demand on well-designed, randomized, double-blind trials on bigger groups of patients in order to exclude potential inconsistency between results of clinical research.
Normalized solutions to a non-variational Schrödinger system
Authors: Clapp Mónica , Szulkin Andrzej
Published: March 2023

We establish the existence of positive normalized (in the $L^2$ sense) solutions to non-variational weakly coupled elliptic systems of $\ell$ equations.
We consider couplings of both cooperative and competitive type. We show the problem can be formulated as an operator equation on the product of $\ell$ $L^2$-spheres
and apply a degree-theoretical argument on this product to obtain existence.
On the relative category in the brake orbits problem
Authors: Corona Dario , Giambò Roberto , Giannoni Fabio , Piccione Paolo
Published: March 2023

In this paper %dedicated to the memory of Edward Fadell and Sufian Husseini
we show how the notion of the Lusternik-Schnirelmann relative category can be used
to study a multiplicity problem for brake orbits in a potential well
which is homeomorphic to the $N$-dimensional unit disk.
The estimate of the relative category of the set of chords with endpoints on the
$(N-1)$-unit sphere was shown to the third author by
Fadell and Husseini while he was visiting the University of Wisconsin at Madison.
Innovating for mental health and wellbeing among foundation year doctors
Authors: Raven Fern
Published: March 2023

Fern Raven, advanced nurse (clinical) practitioner, explains how her role and its associated innovations have helped to improve mental health and wellbeing among foundation year doctors at her trust.
The value of nutrition in improving outcomes for young people with cancer
Authors: Holdoway Anne , Donald Mhairi , Bartlett Sam
Published: March 2023

Consultant dietitians Anne Holdoway and Mhairi Donald, and teenage and young adult nurse specialist Sam Bartlett, highlight the need to make nutrition a priority in cancer services for young people.
Making high-quality radiology services accessible to all
Authors: Ahmed Naeem
Published: March 2023

Naeem Ahmed, consultant radiologist at Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, discusses workforce transformation in radiology and the actions that leaders are taking to help services adapt to rising demand.
A fall in isolation: reflection on a complex case
Authors: Chambers Andrew
Published: March 2023

This case review focuses on a male patient who had fallen and was found to be profoundly hypothermic, with an altered level of consciousness and evidence of seizure activity. With multiple time-critical features, this clinical presentation was made particularly challenging by the presence of several human factors. A reflective model that considered these human factors in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when this incident occurred, was employed. Reflecting on this incident revealed how some subconscious (intuitive) thinking led to a degree of unconscious bias compounded by availability heuristics and human factors present. This meant that the author encountered difficulty when trying to obtain peripheral vascular access and, although several alternative interventions were identified, the majority of these were unavailable at the time and some would require a change to standard clinical practice for many paramedics. The only intervention that could have been used earlier in the management of this patient was rectal diazepam, but the need for this was removed by the patient's seizure activity self-terminating. Given the increasing prevalence of falls, social isolation, mental health problems, alcohol and substance misuse, especially in the pandemic, this type of case was unlikely to be an isolated event, strengthening the argument that the range of clinical interventions available to paramedics should be increased.
How does metacognition improve decision-making in healthcare practitioners?
Authors: Church David , Carroll Mark
Published: March 2023

Background:

Metacognition is the process of awareness of the way in which we think. Healthcare practitioners are intrinsically required to make complex and demanding decisions daily—and just as with non-healthcare-related industries, they are susceptible to human error. Human factors (HF) can have catastrophic implications and the use of metacognition is a well-regarded tool to aid decision-making.

Objective:

This systematic review aimed to determine how metacognition and human factors influence decision-making in healthcare practitioners.

Methods:

the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED) Database, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycArticles Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection and APA PsychInfo were searched for eligible qualitative studies. The search was carried out in December 2021.

Results:

Six studies met the inclusion criteria for the current review. Twenty main themes and twenty-eight subthemes were categorised into twenty-one descriptive themes. These were synthesised into fourteen analytical themes, four of which were determined to be recurrent and one of which held significant implications for clinical practice: (1) Cognitive bias identification; (2) Systematic approach; (3) Holistic approach and creative thinking; (4) Identifying uncertainty; and (5) Drawbacks.

Conclusions:

This review found that metacognition improves decision-making in healthcare practitioners through cognitive bias identification, facilitation of systematic approaches, holistic approaches, and creative thinking. However, consideration should be made to its limitations. Further research is required to fully understand the findings in relation to specific practice areas and their clinical implications.
Italian lessons
Authors: O'Connor Anne
Published: March 2023

Following a visit to Reggio Emilia settings, Anne O'Connor discusses their practice and provision and inspiration for our own settings
Finely does it
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: March 2023

When observing children, practitioners must keep in mind the overarching importance of physical development, says Dr Sue Allingham
An A to Z of enhancements: G is for growing
Authors: Jackson Amy
Published: March 2023

A focus on plants has given children experiences of growing butterflies and African land snails. By Amy Jackson
Full attention
Authors: Arnold Cath
Published: March 2023

Dr Cath Arnold reviews How Toddlers Learn the Secret Language of Movies by Cary Bazalgette and discovers why movie-watching is much more than a passive experience
Asynchronous Overlapping: An Image Segmentation Method for Key Feature Regions of Plant Phenotyping
Authors: Hu Lingyan , Xu Wei , Guo Zhanjun , Qiu Shaohang , Pei Yuekun , Wang Zumin
Published: March 2023

Highlights

Asynchronous overlapping—an automatic image acquisition method for key feature regions of plant phenotypes.

The distance from the plant to the camera can be characterized by the brightness in the grayscale image.

Asynchronously acquire daytime RGB and nighttime grayscale images of the plant to use the proposed algorithm.

In the test of the plant images, the IoU is 0.8497, reaching a similar level of interactive algorithms.

Abstract. Acquiring and describing plant phenotyping is an important proposition in botany and agronomy research. In this study, a computer vision-based asynchronous overlapping segmentation algorithm is proposed for automatic image acquisition of key feature regions of plant phenotyping. Firstly, day-time RGB and night-time grayscale images of infrared light filling the crop body at the same angle are asynchronously obtained using a common closed-circuit television surveillance camera. Then, thresholding and morphological filtering of grayscale images are conducted to extract the initial region contours. With this as a precondition, the algorithm adaptively finds edge paths of key feature regions in daytime RGB images. In the test of the cherry plant image, the intersection over union (IoU) of the algorithm to segment the key feature regions is 0.8497, reaching a similar level of interactive algorithms that require human involvement. The proposed method has low cost, high segmentation accuracy, and strong applicability. The proposed method can independently realize the acquisition of the key feature regions of plant image phenotypes and can be applied to large-scale agricultural production.
A Comparative Study of Recognition Models Based on Fine-Tuning 3D CNNs for Farming Behaviors
Authors: Su Shibin No , Hu Xiaonan No , Li Xiang No
Published: March 2023

Highlights

Proposed application of 3D CNNS for recognition of farming behavior.

Transfer learning was used to speed up training and improve model accuracy.

A farming behavior dataset was constructed, expanded and compared with previous studies.

An object detection network was used for data preprocessing rather than using traditional methods.

Abstract. The quality and quantity of crop yields in agriculture primarily depend on the timing and precision of various implemented farming behaviors. Basins and hills dominate southwest China. Due to topographical constraints, the rate of agricultural mechanization in the region remains low, and agriculture remains primarily non-mechanized. The acquisition and recognition of information on farming behaviors play an important role in crop production. In this article, transfer learning was used in a current state-of-the-art 3DCNN-based behavior recognition model for farming behavior recognition and classification tasks. The focus was on fine-tuning and evaluating state-of-the-art 3D convolutional neural networks for farming behavior recognition. The evaluated architectures included Res3D, MC3, and R2+1D. The six common farming behaviors recognized include weeding, planting, harvesting, transplanting, fertilizing, and spraying. The accuracy of all models pretrained on Kinetics-400 after fine-tuning exceeded 90%, where MC3 had the best performance, with an accuracy of 0.9628, precision of 0.9647, sensitivity of 0.963, and specificity of 0.9925, which was slightly greater than the other two. MC3 was also the most lightweight of all models; its parameters were only 32.6% of Res3D and 36.7% of R2+1D. The experimental results demonstrated that the fine-tuned MC3 model offers high classification accuracy and effective recognition and classification of farming behaviors, which lays a good foundation for improved crop production. Keywords: Deep learning, Farming behavior recognition, Farm management, Fine-tuning, Precision agriculture, 3D convolutional neural networks, Transfer learning.
A Turbidity Module to Measure Spray Mixture Concentration for Premixing In-Line Injection System
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Zhu Heping , Jeon Hongyoung , Ozkan Erdal , Wei Zhiming , Salcedo Ramon
Published: March 2023

Highlights

A turbidity sensor module was investigated to monitor concentrations of pesticide mixtures in real time.

A flow-through measurement platform was built to calibrate the turbidity sensor and determine its accuracy.

Optimal location of the turbidity sensor was determined for monitoring in-line mixture concentrations.

Spray mixture uniformity reached acceptable level for the premixing in-line injection system.

Abstract. Monitoring mixture concentrations for precision pesticide spray systems in real time can assure the desired amount of chemicals distributed uniformly to target areas. An in-line turbidity sensor module was investigated to monitor concentrations of spray mixtures produced with a premixing in-line injection system developed for precision variable-rate orchard sprayers. The turbidity sensor was calibrated with simulated pesticides at concentrations ranging from 0% to 30.0%. A cubic polynomial regression model was established for the relationship between sensor output voltages and mixture concentrations. Sensors were mounted at three in-line locations to detect the mixture uniformity differences in the premixing in-line injection system. The module was found to have adequate precision and accuracy to measure concentrations of spray mixtures with simulated pesticides. Relative errors of the sensor were less than 4.70% and the sensor accuracy did not vary with mixture flow rates. Mounting the turbidity sensor downstream of the buffer tank in the premixing in-line injection system would be the optimal location to monitor spray mixture uniformity for variable-rate spray applications. At this location, the relative errors of measured mixture concentrations were between 0.12% and 3.70% which agreed with previous manual measurements. Therefore, there would be a great potential to integrate the in-line turbidity sensor into the variable-rate and even conventional constant-rate sprayers to achieve uniform spray applications in the target field. Keywords: Agitation, Mixture uniformity, Pesticide concentration, Sensor calibration, Variable-rate sprayer.
Risk Assessment Methods for Autonomous Agricultural Machines: A Review of Current Practices and Future Needs
Authors: Shutske John M. , Sandner Kelly J. , Jamieson Zachary
Published: March 2023

Highlights

Risk assessment for highly automated and autonomous agricultural machines must consider risks beyond operator risk.

Engineering standards are a starting point for autonomous equipment risk assessment but are not yet adequate.

Engineers designing highly automated equipment now assess risk holistically but need more tools and support.

Education in accredited engineering programs and professional development should include risk assessment.

Abstract. Technology continues to advance in agricultural machines and includes the development of highly automated, robotic, autonomous, and other types of machines used in fields, farmsteads, buildings, and other farm production locations. New engineering design and safety-related standards have been developed in the past half-decade, but safety remains a concern of key stakeholders and is a barrier that could influence widespread adoption. A survey of practicing engineers and researchers involved with highly automated and autonomous agricultural machine design will be presented that shows the methods for risk assessment and control currently in use including different frameworks for hazard and failure identification, prediction, and quantification. The use of engineering design standards (ASABE, ISO, and others) among practitioners is discussed including some important needs that go beyond obstacle detection and injury prevention for operators. These include safety and risk issues connected to animals, property, civic infrastructure, downtime, cyber, and environmental risk. Commonly used risk assessment methods such as the related failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) or hazard analysis and risk assessment (HARA) are a useful starting point but are based on historical data and experience that can be used to estimate the probability and severity levels of undesirable failures or incidents such as injuries. These data do not yet exist as compared to risk assessment data that can be used to assess incident occurrence probability, failure, detectability, or controllability in more traditional machines. Suggestions are presented for further development of standards and practice recommendations including software needs and operational data that might be used by autonomous machines that is informed by what we do know about past farm incidents that could include accidents, injuries, and other unexpected failures. Keywords: Automation, Autonomous agricultural machinery, Engineering design standards, Farm equipment, Risk assessment, Robotics, Safety.
Four Speed Auto Transmission DC-DC Converter Control for E-Vehicle and Regenerative Braking Based on Simulation and Model Investigation
Authors: Saahithi S. , Kumar B. Hemanth , Reddy K. Jyotheeswara , Dash Ritesh , Subburaj Vivekanandan
Published: March 2023

A novel single input multioutput (SIMO) output DC-DC converter with circular capacitors is intended to function with a single independent source to create numerous transmissions to regulate the speed at the same switching intervals. A novel single input multi output (SIMO) output DC-DC converter employing circular capacitors is designed to work with a single independent source to create numerous transmissions. The proposed converter generates 7 outputs in total, with 4 outputs generated simultaneously for forward operation (speed transmission) using the preferred source (fuel cell/battery) and 3 other different outputs used for regenerative transmissions, with the battery being the preferred storage device. This converter can control the speed of an electric vehicle (EV) by using the SIMO is output voltage to regulate the vehicle is speed, allowing for higher accelerations and decelerations with minimal energy loss and degradation of the main battery pack. It can also be used to power electronic components such as LED lights, audio systems, and mobile charging etc. The energy recovered during regenerative braking is used to charge the battery via a buck/boost operation for varied speed transmission. In addition, simulation, modelling, and analysis are used to validate the proposed system. It is intended for a fixed voltage of 12 V and output voltages ranging from 12 to 48 V. The PSIM simulation tool is used to validate the system. The validation demonstrates the suggested converter is good evidence in both braking and regenerative braking operations.
Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Singirikonda Srinivas , Obulesu Yeddula Pedda
Published: March 2023

In an electric vehicle (EV), the battery management system (BMS) is crucial for managing the health and safety of the battery. The accurate estimation of battery state of charge (SOC) offers critical information about the battery’s remaining capacity. The SOC of the battery mainly depends on its non-linear internal parameters, battery chemistry, ambient temperature, aging factor etc. So, accurate SOC estimation is still a significant challenge. Many researchers have developed several model-based methods that are more complex to develop. Another approach is a data-driven based SOC estimation algorithm, which is less complex but requires more data and it may be inaccurate. In this context, this paper presents a robust and accurate SOC estimation algorithm for a Lithium-ion battery using a deep learning feed-forward neural network (DLFFNN) approach. The proposed algorithm accurately characterizes the battery’s non-linear behavior. To develop a robust SOC estimation algorithm, data is collected at different temperatures with 5% error in data (4 mV-voltage, 110 mA-current, 5∘C temperature) is added to battery datasets. The obtained results demonstrated that the performance of the proposed DLFNN is robust and accurate on different drive cycles with 1.14% Root mean squared error (RMSE), 0.66% mean absolute error (MAE), and 6.65% maximum error (MAX).
A Comprehensive Review on Latest State of the Art Practices in MPPT Algorithm
Authors: Ballaji Adithya , Dash Ritesh
Published: March 2023

The performance of the solar charge controller depends largely on the maximum power point (MPPT) tracking algorithms. The review paper emphasis on the factors that influence the selection of MPPT, and performance of the charge controller employed in PV system. An efficient MPPT technique can achieve the purpose of energy saving, better extraction of power from solar. This paper presents a literature review on the basic MPPT techniques in detail along with their variants published by various researchers. The detailed study of MPPT techniques for improving the PV system performance, has been presented in this paper with emphasis on design and future MPPT techniques based on Moving Average Filter.
Droop Controller Based on Markov Chain Using Fokker-Planck Solution for a DC Microgrid
Authors: Pati Sudhansu Bhusan , Barik Subrat Kumar , Kundu Shubhasri
Published: March 2023

Coordinated control of distributed energy resources in a DC micro grid is very much essential in order to meet the critical load demand. A number of control strategies including droop control, Master slave control, Local control, Adaptive control have been investigated and implemented by many researchers. However due to absence of communication link in droop control it has been extensively used in dc microgrid. However the circulating current cannot be avoided which further leads to the loss of power. In this paper an effort has been made to apply markov chain along with fokker plank solution to design the the droop control for fast response during disturbances and at the same time it will also limit the circulating current. The proposed model has been tested for a standard dc microgrid model using matlab simulink.
Llicències paremiològiques (i altres) dels tres torsimanys catalans de Franklin, Rojas i Rabelais: Gaietà Vidal 1868, Antoni Bulbena 1914 i Lluís Faraudo 1929
Authors: Ugarte i Ballester Xus
Published: March 2023

LLICÈNCIES PAREMIOLÒGIQUES (I ALTRES) DELS TRES TORSIMANYS CATALANS DE FRANKLIN, ROJAS I RABELAIS: GAIETÀ VIDAL 1868, ANTONI BULBENA 1914 I LLUÍS FARAUDO 1929   Són nombrosos els autors del darrer terç del segle XIX i principis del XX que dediquen part de la seva obra a traslladar clàssics i autors contemporanis al català. La traducció juga durant la Renaixença i el Noucentisme un paper destacat en el procés de consolidació i recuperació del català com a llengua literària. En aquest context, ens proposem fer una pinzellada il lustrada dels criteris paremiològics de tres traductors catalans d’obres clàssiques de tres llengües majoritàries: anglès, castellà i francès. Els torsimanys mostren a bastament la seva competència paremiològica, tot i que es permeten algunes llicències, sovint enginyoses i amenes, que la professionalització de l’ofici de la traducció actual no admetria. Gaietà Vidal, el 1868, fa de Lo camí de la fortuna de Benjamin Franklin, obra estructurada al voltant de cent aforismes, un anostrament més semblant a una recreació que a una traducció; Antoni Bulbena, traductor “vitalici” del Quixot al català, trasllada 383 parèmies de La Celestina el 1914; i finalment, Lluís Faraudo, que gira a la nostra llengua obres de François Rabelais des de 1909, farcides de jocs lingüístics i manipulacions fraseològiques, publica Gargantua l’any 1929.
Análisis discursivo de las actitudes hacia la lengua minorizada de los maestros de educación infantil y primaria de la provincia de Huesca
Authors: Campos Bandrés Iris Orosia , Tabernero Sala Rosa María
Published: March 2023

A pesar de que en el curso 2017/2018 se cumplieron dos décadas de la entrada del aragonés en la escuela, todavía son escasos los datos sobre su situación y perspectivas de futuro en el ámbito educativo. Con el fin de realizar una aportación en este sentido, desarrollamos un estudio de caso múltiple bajo metodología cualitativa, centrado en el análisis de las actitudes lingüísticas de la comunidad educativa de las 26 escuelas donde se enseñaba esta lengua entre 2013 y 2015. En lo que respecta a los docentes, los datos muestran un clima actitudinal predominante que denominamos como interés condicionado, tendente a la valoración positiva de la lengua per se pero con cierto rechazo a su promoción en la enseñanza, al identificarse como una potencial amenaza desde el punto de vista laboral por parte de unos claustros de maestros compuestos principalmente por docentes interinos. Asimismo, entre los maestros prevalece una ideología sobre el aprendizaje lingüístico de orientación instrumental, lo cual se suma a lo anterior para explicar la escasa evolución del aragonés en la Educación Infantil y Primaria.
The Boundaries between Perception and Evidentiality. Dialectal and Diachronic Variation "se ve que"
Authors: Estellés Arguedas Maria , Albelda Marco Marta
Published: March 2023

The sequence se ve que can convey various meanings: indirect physical perception, cognitive perception and evidentiality. The latter value, however, is restricted to European Spanish, and is especially frequent in the Eastern Area. From a diatopic perspective, the existence of ambiguous uses of se ve que can be acknowledged where speakers can interpret both a perceptual and an evidential meaning of the structure. Thanks to a diachronic study and to the analysis of ambiguous vs. non-ambiguous uses, this article postulates further recognition criteria that help distinguish between perceptual and evidential meanings of se ve que. In this sense, the study shows that the trait shared by perceptual and evidential values —and the one leading to ambiguity— is the fact that they are based on one and the same reasoning process, and the difference between them —that may help distinguish them— lies in the part of the reasoning process that is being cognitively focused. Likewise, the article shows how a deeper study of se ve que can contribute to a better understanding of evidentiality in Spanish.
La actuación lexicográfica en el “Diccionario de la Lengua Española” (DRAE): Estudio de las novedades para la 23ª edición
Authors: Sánchez Martín Francisco Javier
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo se analizan los cambios que la Real Academia Española y las Academias de la Lengua Española están ejecutando actualmente en el Diccionario de la lengua española. Para este fin hemos diseñado una base de datos en la que hemos incorporado las unidades léxicas enmendadas y las novedades previstas para la próxima edición del diccionario académico, modificaciones disponibles en la página electrónica de la corporación académica. El tratamiento informático de los datos almacenados posibilita el estudio lexicográfico de los cambios ejecutados en la macroestructura y microestructura de este repertorio, de cuyos resultados más destacables damos cuenta en este trabajo. Asimismo, completamos nuestro análisis del DRAE con el cotejo del Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, para evidenciar la adecuación con las propuestas y recomendaciones efectuadas en este diccionario normativo.Finalmente, el examen de los artículos lexicográficos revisados hasta el momento nos permite contar con una visión de conjunto de las próximas novedades que el diccionario general por antonomasia ofrecerá en su versión renovada.
La construcción A URMA + SUBJUNTIVO/INFINITIVO como marca de futuro planeado
Authors: Topor Mihaela
Published: March 2023

El objeto de estudio de este artículo se inscribe dentro de la lingüística descriptiva, ya que nos proponemos demostrar que la perífrasis verbal del rumano formada por el verbo a urma ‘seguir’ y un verbo en subjuntivo o infinitivo (en adelante, a urma + SUBJ/INF) funciona como una marca de futuro planeado. Para demostrar que la construcción encierra el valor semántico mencionado nos basamos, por un lado, en estudios acerca de cómo se gramaticalizan las marcas temporales, aspectuales y modales (TAM) en idiomas de distintas tipologías y, por otro, en el análisis de datos empíricos de corpus con respecto a las restricciones accionales y temporales de a urma, así como de otros elementos contextuales que indican que el evento expresado por el subjuntivo o el infinitivo está planificado.