bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
600-GHz high-temperature superconducting sub-harmonic mixer coupled using a double-Y-type slot integrated lens antenna
Authors: Gao Xiang , Li Huanxin , Zhang Ting , Du Jia , Smart Ken , Ma Jianjun , An Jianping
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we present a quasi-optically coupled 600-GHz high-temperature superconducting (HTS) sub-harmonic mixer for communication and sensing applications. The mixer features an innovative double-Y-type slot integrated lens antenna, which can efficiently couple the radio frequency (RF) and local oscillator (LO) signals with a small frequency ratio by exciting the half-wave and full-wave resonant current modes on the slot, respectively. Considering the low impedance characteristics of HTS Josephson junctions, a coplanar-waveguide stepped impedance transformer is utilized for minimizing the mismatching loss. A cascaded filter network is designed to prevent the high-frequency signal leakage at both bands while coupling the intermediate-frequency (IF) signal output efficiently. Based on this antenna design and an established HTS step-edge junction technology, a 600-GHz mixer prototype was designed, fabricated and measured, which was compared with the simulation results. The achieved conversion gain and noise temperature are the best performance specs as reported to date for HTS harmonic mixers at comparable frequencies and operating temperatures.
Terahertz quantum cascade laser frequency combs with optical feedback
Authors: Liao Xiaoyu , Wang Xingguang , Zhou Kang , Guan Wen , Li Ziping , Ma Xuhong , Wang Chenjie , Cao J. C. , Wang Cheng , Li Hua
Published: August 2022

Optical feedback exists in most laser configurations and strongly affects laser performances depending on the feedback strength, length, and phase. In this paper, we investigate the frequency comb behaviour of a semiconductor quantum cascade laser emitting around 4.2 THz with external optical feedback. A periodic evolution of the laser inter-mode beatnote from single-line to multiple-line structures is experimentally observed with a minor change of optical feedback length (phase) on the wavelength scale. The comb stability of the laser with feedback is also measured and compared with the same laser without feedback. Furthermore, our simulations reveal that the dynamical oscillations invoked by optical feedback are responsible for the measured multiple-line beatnotes. It is found that the characteristic feedback period is determined by the half wavelength of the laser, while the comb operation is maintained at most feedback length positions. Therefore, terahertz quantum cascade laser combs are robust against the minor position vibration of the feedback mirror in practice, owing to the much smaller feedback phase change than that of common near-infrared laser diodes.
Data processing method for simultaneous estimation of temperature and emissivity in multispectral thermometry
Authors: Tian Zhuangtao , Zhang Kaihua , Xu Yanfen , Yu Kun , Liu Yufang
Published: August 2022

The data processing in multispectral thermometry remains a huge challenge due to the unknown emissivity. In this article, a novel data processing model of multispectral thermometer is established by adding new constraints of emissivity on the basis of object function. The new two algorithms for model optimizing, Sequential Randomized Coordinate Shrinking (SRCS) and Multiple-Population Genetic (MPG), are introduced. The temperature and emissivity of two samples are calculated by MPG algorithm to prove the validity of the MPG algorithm in practical application. The experiments reveal that the relative error of temperature is within 0.4% with the average calculation time of 0.36 s. The method proposed in this article can realize the simultaneous estimation of temperature and emissivity without emissivity assumption model, which is expected to be applied to real-time measurement of temperature in industrial fields.
Propagation dynamics and crosstalk of orbital angular momentum beams influenced by a supersonic wind-induced environmental disturbance
Authors: Huang Xianwei , Jiang Teng , Tan Wei , Nan Suqin , Bai Yanfeng , Fu Xiquan
Published: August 2022

Near field airflow induced by wind is an important factor influencing vortex beams propagation under airborne optical communication, and the cross-talk among different orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes occurs in OAM-based optical communication. In this paper, the propagation of vortex beams through a supersonic wind-induced random environment is investigated. The wind-induced phase model is firstly validated by wind tunnel experiment, with the phase model, vortex beams propagation under supersonic wind condition is analyzed, and the spiral spectrum distortion is discussed in detail. It is demonstrated that the larger wind velocity and boundary-layer thickness leads to the enhanced distortion and spiral spectrum expansion of OAM beams. The behavior of multiplexed vortex beams influenced by supersonic wind is also studied, and the effect of the topological charge interval is given. Our results may provide a powerful tool to estimate the effect of a random airflow environment on OAM-based communication performance under airborne condition.
Numerical simulation of nonlinear optical gain modulation in a Raman fiber amplifier
Authors: Qi Weiao , Zhou Jiaqi , Cao Xinru , Cheng Zhi , Jiang Huawei , Cui Shuzhen , Feng Yan
Published: August 2022

Nonlinear optical gain modulation (NOGM) in a Raman fiber amplifier is numerically simulated with the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In the NOGM setup, a single frequency continuous wave seed laser is gain modulated into femtosecond pulses by an ultrafast pump, which can induce strong stimulated Raman scattering in a piece of single mode optical fiber. Different parameters regarding seed, pump and nonlinear gain medium (Raman fiber) are investigated in detail to find the best condition for higher Raman conversion efficiency. Simulated results reveal that the walk-off between pump and Raman pulses due to dispersion is one of the most important factors affecting the NOGM pulse’s performance. Only when the speed of walk-off matches with the one of Raman conversion process can the conversion efficiency be optimized. This work offers a guild-line for the design of a fiber-based NOGM laser, which is able to produce wavelength-agile, femtosecond laser pulses with µJ-level pulse energy under more than 85% efficiency.
Optical center of a luminescent solar concentrator
Authors: Zhou Jingjian , Huang Jing , Sychugov Ilya
Published: August 2022

This Letter introduces a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to estimate the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a square luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) by point excitations on the “optical centers.” Predicted by theoretical calculations, photoluminescence emissions from these optical centers experience almost the same average optical path as those from the whole device under uniform illumination. This is experimentally verified by a 20 × 20 cm2 silicon quantum dot-based LSC, with a negligible error between the predicted PCE and the measured one. This method provides a convenient way to estimate the photovoltaic performance of large-area LSC devices with basic laboratory instruments.
Bioaffinity-based surface immobilization of antibodies to capture endothelial colony-forming cells
Authors: Boulanger Mariève D. , Level Hugo A. , Elkhodiry Mohamed A. , Bashth Omar S. , Chevallier Pascale , Laroche Gaétan , Hoesli Corinne A.
Published: August 2022

Maximizing the re-endothelialization of vascular implants such as prostheses or stents has the potential to significantly improve their long-term performance. Endothelial progenitor cell capture stents with surface-immobilized antibodies show significantly improved endothelialization in the clinic. However, most current antibody-based stent surface modification strategies rely on antibody adsorption or direct conjugation via amino or carboxyl groups which leads to poor control over antibody surface concentration and/or molecular orientation, and ultimately bioavailability for cell capture. Here, we assess the utility of a bioaffinity-based surface modification strategy to immobilize antibodies targeting endothelial cell surface antigens. A cysteine-tagged truncated protein G polypeptide containing three Fc-binding domains was conjugated onto aminated polystyrene substrates via a bi-functional linking arm, followed by antibody immobilization. Different IgG antibodies were successfully immobilized on the protein G-modified surfaces. Covalent grafting of the protein G polypeptide was more effective than surface adsorption in immobilizing antibodies at high density based on fluorophore-labeled secondary antibody detection, as well as endothelial colony-forming cell capture through anti-CD144 antibodies. This work presents a potential avenue for enhancing the performance of cell capture strategies by using covalent grafting of protein G polypeptides to immobilize IgG antibodies.
Internet-based peer support interventions for people living with HIV: A scoping review
Authors: Costa-Cordella Stefanella , Grasso-Cladera Aitana , Rossi Alejandra , Duarte Javiera , Guiñazu Flavia , Cortes Claudia P.
Published: August 2022

Peer support interventions for people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) are effective, but their associated time and material costs for the recipient and the health system make them reachable for only a small proportion of PLWHA. Internet-based interventions are an effective alternative for delivering psychosocial interventions for PLWHA as they are more accessible. Currently, no reviews are focusing on internet-based interventions with peer support components. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on psychosocial interventions for PLWHA based on peer support and delivered through the internet. We conducted a systematic scoping review of academic literature following methodological guidelines for scoping reviews, and 28 articles met our criteria. We summarized the main characteristics of the digital peer support interventions for PLWHA and how they implemented peer support in a virtual environment. Overall the reported outcomes appeared promising, but more robust evidence is needed.
The association between sleeping behavior, obesity, psychological depression, and eating habits among adolescents in the emirate of Abu Dhabi–United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al Dweik Rania , Sheble Yousef , Ramadan Hiba , Issa Haneen , Sheble Abdullah
Published: August 2022

Objective

The study aimed to investigate the association between sleeping behavior (specifically sleep duration), body mass index (BMI), eating habits, and psychological mood depression among adolescents in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi- UAE.

Methods and materials

A subsample of three hundred and ninety-five participants (209 females and 186 males) from middle and high schools (aged 12–18 years) in the emirate of Abu Dhabi completed the surveys in the presence of their parents and two research assistants. Measures of daytime sleepiness and other sleep parameters (sleep duration on weekdays and weekends), eating habits, and mood depression questionnaires were reported.

Results

Differences in BMI between males and females were statistically significant (26.12 ± 4.5 vs. 24.4 ± 4.3; p < 0.01). There was a negative linear association (p < 0.01) between the students’ BMI and the weekday/ weekend sleep duration. The average weekday and weekend sleep duration ranged from 5.7 hours (weekdays) to 9.3 hours(weekend). The study showed that an increase in BMI was correlated to mood depression (r = 0.396, p<0.01). In terms of eating habits, there was a significant association between eating unhealthy food and sleep duration; 72.6% of students who slept less than 6 hours reported unhealthy eating habits (p <0.05).

Conclusion

The study showed a clear association between short sleep duration and obesity among adolescents in the UAE. This relationship between sleep duration and obesity is less studied and less understandable. Future research about exploring how sleeping behaviors can affect obesity during adolescence can support understanding this association and create an effective intervention.
Bias in product availability estimates from contraceptive outlet surveys: Evidence from the Consumer’s Market for Family Planning (CM4FP) study
Authors: Keller Brett , Rhoda Dale , Clary Caitlin , Rothschild Claire , Conlon Mark , Bouanchaud Paul ,   CM4FP Group
Published: August 2022

Area-based sampling approaches designed to capture pharmacies, drug shops, and other non-facility service delivery outlets are critical for accurately measuring the contraceptive service environment in contexts of increasing de-medicalization of contraceptive commodities and services. Evidence from other disciplines has demonstrated area-based estimates may be biased if there is spatial heterogeneity in product distribution, but this bias has not yet been assessed in the context of contraceptive supply estimates. The Consumer’s Marker for Family Planning (CM4FP) study conducted censuses and product audits of contraceptive outlets across 12 study sites and 2–3 rounds of quarterly data collection in Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda. We assessed bias in estimates of contraceptive product availability by comparing estimates from simulations of area-based sampling approaches with census counts among all audited facilities for each study site and round of data collection. We found evidence of bias in estimates of contraceptive availability generated from simulated area-based sampling. Within specific study sites and rounds, we observed biased sampling estimates for several but not all contraceptive method types, with bias more likely to occur in sites with heterogeneity in both spatial distribution of outlets and product availability within outlets. In simulations varying size of enumeration areas (EA) and number of outlets sampled per EA, we demonstrated that the likelihood of substantial bias decreases as EA size decreases and as the number of outlets sampled per EA increases. Straightforward approaches such as increasing sample size per EA or applying statistical weights may be used to reduce area-based sampling bias, indicating a pragmatic way forward to improve estimates where design-based sampling is infeasible. Such approaches should be considered in development of improved methods for area-based estimates of contraceptive supply-side environments.
Action-value processing underlies the role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in performance monitoring during self-regulation of affect
Authors: Bush Keith A. , James G. Andrew , Privratsky Anthony A. , Fialkowski Kevin P. , Kilts Clinton D.
Published: August 2022

In this study, we merged methods from engineering control theory, machine learning, and human neuroimaging to critically test the putative role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in goal-directed performance monitoring during an emotion regulation task. Healthy adult participants (n = 94) underwent cued-recall and re-experiencing of their responses to affective image stimuli with concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychophysiological response recording. During cued-recall/re-experiencing trials, participants engaged in explicit self-regulation of their momentary affective state to match a pre-defined affective goal state. Within these trials, neural decoding methods measured affect processing from fMRI BOLD signals across the orthogonal affective dimensions of valence and arousal. Participants’ affective brain states were independently validated via facial electromyography (valence) and electrodermal activity (arousal) responses. The decoded affective states were then used to contrast four computational models of performance monitoring (i.e., error, predicted response outcome, action-value, and conflict) by their relative abilities to explain emotion regulation task-related dACC activation. We found that the dACC most plausibly encodes action-value for both valence and arousal processing. We also confirmed that dACC activation directly encodes affective arousal and also likely encodes recruitment of attention and regulation resources. Beyond its contribution to improving our understanding of the roles that the dACC plays in emotion regulation, this study introduced a novel analytical framework through which affect processing and regulation may be functionally dissociated, thereby permitting mechanistic analysis of real-world emotion regulation strategies, e.g., distraction and reappraisal, which are widely employed in cognitive behavioral therapy to address clinical deficits in emotion regulation.
Identification, conservation, and expression of tiered pharmacogenes in zebrafish
Authors: Demery-Poulos Catherine , Chambers Joseph M.
Published: August 2022

The number of adverse drug events in the United States is critically high, with annual rates exceeding 1 million cases over the last nine years. One cause of adverse drug events is the underlying genetic variation that can alter drug responses. Pharmacogenomics is a growing field that seeks to better understand the relationship between a patient’s genetics and drug efficacy. Currently, pharmacogenomics relies largely on human trials, as there is not a well-developed animal model for studying preventative measures and alternative treatments. Here, we analyzed pharmacogene expression at two developmental time points in zebrafish to demonstrate the potential of using this model organism for high-throughput pharmacogenomics research. We found that 76% of tiered human pharmacogenes have a zebrafish ortholog, and of these, many have highly conserved amino acid sequences. Additional gene ontology analysis was used to classify pharmacogenes and identify candidate pathways for future modeling in zebrafish. As precision medicine burgeons, adopting a high-throughput in vivo model such as the zebrafish could greatly increase our understanding of the molecular pathology underlying adverse drug events.
AGO104 is a RdDM effector of paramutation at the maize b1 locus
Authors: Aubert Juliette , Bellegarde Fanny , Oltehua-Lopez Omar , Leblanc Olivier , Arteaga-Vazquez Mario A. , Martienssen Robert A. , Grimanelli Daniel
Published: August 2022

Although paramutation has been well-studied at a few hallmark loci involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in maize, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the phenomenon remain largely unknown. Previously described actors of paramutation encode components of the RNA-directed DNA-methylation (RdDM) pathway that participate in the biogenesis of 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (24-nt siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs. In this study, we uncover an ARGONAUTE (AGO) protein as an effector of the RdDM pathway that is in charge of guiding 24-nt siRNAs to their DNA target to create de novo DNA methylation. We combined immunoprecipitation, small RNA sequencing and reverse genetics to, first, validate AGO104 as a member of the RdDM effector complex and, then, investigate its role in paramutation. We found that AGO104 binds 24-nt siRNAs involved in RdDM, including those required for paramutation at the b1 locus. We also show that the ago104-5 mutation causes a partial reversion of the paramutation phenotype at the b1 locus, revealed by intermediate pigmentation levels in stem tissues. Therefore, our results place AGO104 as a new member of the RdDM effector complex that plays a role in paramutation at the b1 locus in maize.
Modelling airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a local scale
Authors: Rahn Simon , Gödel Marion , Köster Gerta , Hofinger Gesine
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lives and still poses a challenge to science. Numerous studies have contributed to a better understanding of the pandemic. In particular, inhalation of aerosolised pathogens has been identified as essential for transmission. This information is crucial to slow the spread, but the individual likelihood of becoming infected in everyday situations remains uncertain. Mathematical models help estimate such risks. In this study, we propose how to model airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a local scale. In this regard, we combine microscopic crowd simulation with a new model for disease transmission. Inspired by compartmental models, we describe virtual persons as infectious or susceptible. Infectious persons exhale pathogens bound to persistent aerosols, whereas susceptible ones absorb pathogens when moving through an aerosol cloud left by the infectious person. The transmission depends on the pathogen load of the aerosol cloud, which changes over time. We propose a ‘high risk’ benchmark scenario to distinguish critical from non-critical situations. A parameter study of a queue shows that the new model is suitable to evaluate the risk of exposure qualitatively and, thus, enables scientists or decision-makers to better assess the spread of COVID-19 and similar diseases.
Female soldiers in TV series: A comparative analysis of Israel and Serbia
Authors: Moshe Mira , Simeunović Bajić Nataša
Published: August 2022

Popular television has always been fascinated by military life and the male soldier. However, the image of the female soldier tends to attract less attention, despite her significant role on the battlefield, in military operations, and as part of army life. Hence, the question of the female soldier’s inclusion in military TV series calls for special attention. The cultural militarism prevalent in Israel and Serbia presents a unique opportunity to investigate how female soldiers are represented in popular TV series. In order to decode the televised female soldier, a post-feminist inquiry of two popular TV series – one from Israel and one from Serbia – was conducted. This analysis suggests that in both the popular TV series, female soldiers are attractive, well-groomed women who succeed in maintaining a feminine aesthetic, even in moments of severe military crisis. At the same time, they adhere to their female individuality and freedom of choice. And perhaps most importantly, they epitomize the dilemmas of contemporary feminism by hybridizing ‘me’ with ‘we’, individuality with collectivity, a moral stand with personal commitment and femininity with masculinity.
Escrituras al límite: canon, forma y sujeto en la literatura contemporánea
Authors: Morán Rodríguez Carmen
Published: August 2022

El libro Escrituras al límite: canon, forma y sujeto en la literatura contemporánea demuestra la eficacia de los discursos de resistencia al poder en los procesos de canonicidad del texto literario contem­poráneo a través de una doble vertiente: la experimentación formal –mediante las poéticas del desplazamiento, el ensayo híbrido o las escrituras materiales, entre otras propuestas–, y las subjetividades al­ternativas que, desde su condición marginal, cuestionan los cambios en las estructurales socioculturales hegemónicas –planteada en autores como Néstor Perlongher, Chimamanda Ngozi o Guadalupe Nettel–. A partir del análisis de escrituras de ambas orillas del Atlántico y en diferentes lenguas, los quince trabajos que componen este volumen conectan en sus planteamientos con las líneas de trabajo de los proyec­tos de investigación «Exocanónicos: márgenes y descentramiento en la literatura en español del siglo XXI» (PID2019-104957GA-I00) y «Fractales: estrategias para la fragmentación en la narrativa española del siglo XXI» (PID2019-104215GB-I00), financiados por MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033 y que participan en la edición de este volumen.
Iterative solution of elliptic equations
Authors: Korman Philip , Schmidt Dieter
Published: August 2022

We reduce solution of the Dirichlet problem (x∈D⊂Rm)Δu(x)+a(x)u(x)=f(x)in D,u=0on ∂Dto iterative solution of a simpler problemΔu=f(x)in D,u=0on ∂D,for which one can use either Fourier series or Green's function method. The method is suitable for numerical computations, particularly when one uses Newton's method for semilinear problemsΔu+g(x,u)=0in D,u=0on ∂D,.
Strong solutions for singular Dirichlet elliptic problems
Authors: Godoy Tomas
Published: August 2022

We prove an existence result for strong solutionsu∈W2,q(Ω)of singular semilinear elliptic problems of the form−Δu=g(⋅,u)inΩ,u=τon∂Ω,where1<q<∞,Ωis a bounded domain inRnwithC2boundary,0≤τ∈W2−1q,q(∂Ω),and withg:Ω×(0,∞)→[0,∞)belonging to a class of nonnegative Carathéodory functions, which may be singular ats=0and also atx∈Sfor some suitable subsetsS⊂Ω¯.In addition, we give results concerning the uniqueness and regularity of the solutions. A related problem on punctured domains is also considered.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Gastroenterology and Hepatology: A Survey of Where We Stand
Authors: Rahal Harman K. , Tabibian James H. , Issaka Rachel , Quezada Sandra , Gray Darrell , Balzora Sophie , Yang Liu , Badiee Jayraan , May Folasade
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:

In the setting of increasing attention to representation in medicine, we aimed to assess current perspectives of racial and ethnic workforce diversity and health care disparities among gastroenterology (GI) and hepatology professionals in the United States.

METHODS:

We developed and administered a 33-item electronic cross-sectional survey to members of 5 national GI and hepatology societies. Survey items were organized into thematic modules and solicited perspectives on racial and ethnic workforce diversity, health care disparities in GI and hepatology, and potential interventions to enhance workforce diversity and improve health equity.

RESULTS:

Of the 1,219 survey participants, 62.3% were male, 48.7% were non-Hispanic White, and 19.9% were from backgrounds underrepresented in medicine. The most frequently reported barriers to increasing racial and ethnic diversity in GI and hepatology were insufficient representation of underrepresented racial and ethnic minority groups in the education and training pipeline (n = 431 [35.4%]), in professional leadership (n = 340 [27.9%]), and among practicing GI and hepatology professionals (n = 324 [26.6%]). Suggested interventions were to increase career mentorship opportunities (n = 545 [44.7%]), medical student opportunities (n = 520 [42.7%]), and program and professional society leadership roles for underrepresented racial and ethnic minority groups (n = 473 [38.8%]).

DISCUSSION:

Our survey explored imperative and timely perspectives on racial and ethnic representation and health equity among professionals in GI and hepatology. The findings should inform future interventions to address workforce diversity and establish priorities toward improving health equity, ultimately serving as a springboard for professional societies, academic institutions, and other organizations that aim to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion in our field.
Da Educação Infantil para o 1° ano do Ensino Fundamental: reflexões sobre o processo de transição escolar
Authors: Aguiar Sinara Narciso de Lima , Bissoli Michelle de Freitas
Published: August 2022

Este artigo constitui uma revisão teórica e documental e decorre de pesquisa de Mestrado em Educação, realizada entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, na cidade de Manaus, cujo foco foi a transição entre a Educação Infantil e o primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental. Considerando que as Leis Federais n°. 11.114/2005 e Lei nº. 11.274/2006 ampliaram a duração do Ensino Fundamental para 9 anos no Brasil e, com isso, tornaram obrigatório o ingresso das crianças com seis anos de idade no 1º ano dessa etapa da Educação Básica, é necessário refletir sobre a organização de práticas pedagógicas que favoreçam um processo de transição respeitoso e coerente com as especificidades do desenvolvimento e da aprendizagem das crianças pequenas. Embora os documentos legais estabeleçam que esta transição não deva acontecer de forma abrupta, os dados da pesquisa apresentados no manuscrito evidenciam que essa questão ainda merece ser melhor discutida e equacionada. Tecemos nossas argumentações e considerações com base no aporte Histórico-Cultural, buscando refletir sobre as mediações pedagógicas necessárias para que a transição entre a pré-escola e o primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental aconteça de forma a favorecer a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento omnilateral das crianças, evitando a fragmentação e a descontinuidade entre as primeiras etapas da Educação Básica.
A organização do ensino de fração na Educação Básica a partir do movimento lógico-histórico
Authors: Sousa Maria do Carmo de
Published: August 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir a necessidade de refletir, juntamente com professores de Matemática da Educação Básica, tanto nos cursos de licenciaturas, quanto nas escolas, as possibilidades de organizar o ensino de conceitos matemáticos, dentre eles o de fração a partir de situações desencadeadoras de aprendizagem que se fundamentem no movimento lógico-histórico do conceito. Nesse contexto, “a fração pode ser entendida pelo menos de duas formas: como técnica operatória ou como linguagem, pensamento, criatividade e leitura do mundo” (LIMA, 1998, s/p), quando se compreendem seus nexos conceituais, grandezas e medidas, os quais são constituídos historicamente pelos diversos grupos sociais e culturais. Tem-se como pressuposto que o movimento lógico-histórico do conceito pode ser entendido como perspectiva didática para o ensino de Matemática. É a partir desse movimento que os professores da Educação Básica, ao tratarem dos conceitos matemáticos em suas salas de aula, podem priorizar o pensamento teórico da fração, de modo que esse seja capaz de proporcionar o desenvolvimento dos educandos, conforme os pressupostos da teoria histórico-cultural.
Contribuições do sistema didático Galperin, Talízina e Majmutov por meio da Atividade de Situações Problema Discente na aprendizagem da matemática em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Feitosa Soraya de Araújo , Mendoza Héctor José García , Delgado Oscar Tintorer
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as contribuições da Atividade de Situações Problema Discente fundamentada nas teorias de formação por etapas das ações mentais e dos conceitos de Galperin, na direção da atividade de estudo de Talízina e no ensino problematizador de Majmutov na aprendizagem da matemática em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental em escolas do município de Boa Vista, Roraima. A partir de procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos e quantitativos de pesquisa se conseguiu obter avanços na aprendizagem nos conteúdos de matemática. Os resultados foram obtidos por estudos realizados pelo Grupo de Pesquisa “Didática da Resolução de Problemas em Ciências e Matemática” vinculado à Universidade Federal de Roraima e ao Mestrado em Ensino de Ciências da Universidade Estadual de Roraima.
Leveraging data for policy change: A descriptive analysis of Latino men’s postsecondary enrollment and degree attainment patterns in Texas
Authors: Burmicky Jorge , Ryu Wonsun , Palomín Leticia , Sáenz Victor B.
Published: August 2022

This study examines the educational outcomes of Latino men in Texas by conducting a descriptive policy-focused disaggregate analysis of longitudinal data from the 8th Grade Cohort Longitudinal Study and the Integrated Postsecondary Data System (IPEDS). Based on our analysis, we provide context and understanding of the progress made towards meeting the goals set forth in 60x30TX, a statewide higher education plan led by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board. Our findings reveal educational equity disparities by looking at the postsecondary enrollment and degree/certificate completion patterns of Latino men in Texas. In addition, we provide an analysis of differences in educational equity disparities across various regions of the state. We share policy planning implications informed by practitioner input to better contextualize our findings.
How norms are formed in a democracy
Authors: Kaufmann Jean-Claude
Published: August 2022

The freedoms offered by individualistic-democratic societies are marked by an intrinsic ambiguity: they are both real and (partly) illusory. They are rooted in the universe of representation, which, by proclaiming them, manages to force reality, but without this reality ever attaining the purity of the proclaimed principles. By subtle perverse mechanisms, new limits to freedom are actually introduced on a massive scale, eventually leading to the apparent paradox of a normative production that is much more abundant than in the ancient societies. There is nothing surprising about that. The individual autonomy proper to democratic societies necessarily induces a social activity of producing various norms and regulations, infinitely more intense than in a society where institutions run their established program and construct individuals in accordance with them. Freedom, in individualist-democratic societies, is an illusion, but one which creates reality. The individual, less free than s/he imagines her/himself to be, is nevertheless in the
Aristotle’sNicomachean Ethicson the Sameness of Friendship and Justice
Authors: Kim Bradford Jean-Hyuk
Published: August 2022

In theNicomachean Ethics, Aristotle claims that friendship and justice are the same, apparently flouting the not uncommon contrast between friendship and justice. I start by assessing Aristotle’s principle of equality: friends of equal standing engage in exact reciprocity in goods and friends of unequal standing engage in proportional reciprocity. In a number of ways that have gone unnoticed, the equalization principle is a requirement for understanding the sameness of friendship and justice. Just relations and friendship share the same domain, that is, the same relationship of a corresponding community. Moreover, asking how to be just to someone is the same as asking how to be a friend to that person, indicating that the virtue of justice and the virtue of friendship are also the same.
Influence of eight weeks of combined training on adipsin and lipoprotein profile and possible relations with depression, anxiety and stress in women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Cheragh Birjandi Kazem , Sharafi Javad , Etemadizade Ali , Ghasemi Elham
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Immobility and its physiological and psychological consequences are common problems in patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of combined training on Adipsin and lipid profile and the possible relationship between these indicators and psychological function in women with multiple sclerosis.

Methods

In this quasi-experimental study, 40 women with multiple sclerosis were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into two equal control and exercise groups (n=20). Exercise was performed for 8 weeks (two resistance sessions and one endurance session per week). Before and after the intervention, blood samples were taken and the DASS-21 questionnaire was completed to assess anxiety, depression and stress. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance, t-test, Bonferroni post hoc test and Pearson correlation test at a significance level of p≤0.05.

Results

In the exercise group, levels of Adipsin, total cholesterol, LDL, TG, weight, fat percentage, WHR, BMI, depression, anxiety and stress were significantly reduced and HDL levels were significantly increased after 8 weeks of combined exercise (p≤0.05). Also, BMI (p=0.01), fat percentage (p=0.01) and WHR (p=0.01) levels had significant positive correlation with Adipsin. There was a significant positive relationship between Total cholesterol level with depression index (p=0.04).

Conclusions

Performing combination exercises through improving body composition can increase the risk of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors and improve the psychological function of patients with multiple sclerosis. Specialists can use these exercises as an adjunct to drug therapy for MS patients.
Gas–liquid mixing in the stirred tank equipped with semi-circular tube baffles
Authors: Zhang Cuixun , Yang Fengling
Published: August 2022

Despite extensive contributions have been made over the past several decades, there are still ongoing challenges in improving gas dispersion performance in stirred tanks. To that end, a stirred tank equipped with four semi-circular (SC) tube baffles was designed. Hydrodynamics in the stirred tank before and after aeration were studied. The turbulent fluid flow was simulated using the standard k-ε turbulence model. The gas–liquid two-phase flow was simulated by the Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase model and the k-ε dispersed turbulence model. The impeller rotation was modeled with the multiple reference frame (MRF) approach. Firstly, the grid independence test was made. By comparing the distributions of gas holdup in the flat-plate (FP) baffled stirred tank with literature results, the reliability of the numerical model and simulation method was verified. Subsequently, the flow field, gas holdup and power consumption of the SC and FP configurations were studied, respectively. Results show that the former can increase the fluid velocities and promote the gas holdup dispersion. Besides, it is energy-saving and has a higher relative power demand (RPD). The findings obtained here lay a preliminary foundation for the potential application of the SC configuration in the process industry.
Effects of sucrose and sodium chloride pretreatments on cassava and plantain chips fried in CLA-enriched soybean oil: an analysis of acrylamide content, microstructure, and other physical properties
Authors: Rodríguez-Miranda Jesús , Herman-Lara Erasmo , Serrano-Niño Julio César , Sánchez-Ruiz Bruno Alberto , Martínez-Sánchez Cecilia Eugenia
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of soaking plantain and cassava chips in sucrose or sodium chloride (NaCl) on their physical properties and acrylamide content after frying in Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)-enriched soybean oil. Plantain and cassava were cut into 1 mm thick slices and soaked for 20 min in a solution of 30% sucrose or 3% NaCl at 40 °C, separately. Soaking in sucrose and NaCl had no significant effect (p < 0.05) on water loss, porosity, hardness, or microstructure. The acrylamide content ranged from 634 to 3177 µg/kg. The use of CLA-enriched oil had no significant effect (p < 0.05) on the physical characteristics evaluated in this study. Frying reduced the CLA content in the chips from an initial 31.8% in the oil to 22.25 and 21.69% in plantain and cassava chips, respectively.
Investigation of ultrafine WC–Co–Fe–Ni–Cr3C2 cemented carbide microstructure and properties based on phase diagram thermodynamics
Authors: Zhao Hongjin , Shen Wuyi , Tian Haixia , Xu Guozuan , Du Yong
Published: August 2022

In this work, different Fe/Ni ratios with constant Co content were prepared to explore microstructure and properties of ultrafine WC-10 wt.%(Co–Fe–Ni)-Cr3C2 cemented carbides. The increase in Fe content in binder has difficulty in controlling carbon content. Therefore, the carbon window was determined by phase diagram to prepare carbon-balanced cemented carbides. The increase in Fe/Ni ratio in the binder deteriorates the uniformity of the binder phase distribution and refines the WC and binder phase grains by affecting the solubility of WC in binder and the wettability of the binder. Grain size, microstructural irregularities and solid solution strengthening of binder phase affect the mechanical properties of cemented carbides. The relative density of cemented carbide with Fe/Ni = 30:70 in the binder is 99.8 % and the transverse fracture strength is 2449 MPa maximum, but the fracture toughness is slightly low. Because of the passivation characteristics of Ni, the alloy with Fe/Ni = 0:100 in the binder has better resistance to corrosion resistance.
Both necessary and irrelevant: political economy and linguistic injustice of English in higher education in Kazakhstan
Authors: Goodman Bridget , Kambatyrova Assel
Published: August 2022

Since the early 2000s, the government of Kazakhstan has been promoting educational reforms in higher education including introducing English-medium instruction (EMI), trilingual education (education in Kazakh, Russian, and English), and requirements of students and faculty to publish in impact factor. Within this context, the purpose of this paper is to use the lenses of political economy and linguistic justice to interpret interview data from students, faculty, and administrators of six Kazakhstani universities implementing trilingual education. These data show that some stakeholders believe English is the language of science, and it is therefore necessary to read, study, and publish in English. Competing voices argue that privileging English will lead to a loss of knowledge from local scholars who are not proficient in English. The data indicate that stakeholders believe the pursuit of EMI and English academic publishing may achieve the goals of global competitiveness and economic development under a political lens, but at a cost to the linguistic justice of languages other than English and speakers of those languages.
English as a lingua franca and linguistic justice: insights from exchange students’ experiences
Authors: Fiedler Sabine
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on English as a lingua franca, an area of research that has gone through several phases of reconceptualization over recent years. What has not changed despite the reframing is the insistence that ELF, with its focus on intelligibility rather than formal accuracy, is not to be judged on the basis of standard English norms. In response to these claims, researchers have argued from linguo-political and philosophical perspectives that re-labelling English ‘ELF’ does not remove native-speaker privileges and linguistic injustice. This paper addresses the topic by presenting some results of an investigation into students’ language choices and practises during study abroad. Drawing on data gained by means of a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews, it will show that, despite their use of English in lingua franca situations, a considerable number of students adhere to standard English as an appropriate model and measure their own proficiency in English and progress in language learning against native-speaker norms.
Unequal English accents, covert accentism and EAL migrants in Australia
Authors: Dovchin Sender , Dryden Stephanie
Published: August 2022

Accentism refers to the ways that “unequal English accents” become re-allocated in particular English-speaking dominant contexts, creating different presumptions, ideologies and attitudes towards the English accent and pronunciation of English speakers. Using data derived from two larger ethnographic studies, this article aims to explore the ways that English as an Additional Language (EAL) migrants experience covert accentism – the social exclusion caused covertly when the dominant members of society misunderstand the accents of EAL users. Our study shows that EAL users express their worry of being stereotyped for their English accents, which interferes with their social and daily life. In particular, the participants noted forms of social exclusion such as a lack of interest in them or their experiences, and deficit perspectives surrounding their overall English practices including their accents. We conclude that such instances of covert accentism can lead to more serious implications, such as having difficulty fostering relationships with members of the dominant society, accent bullying, and psychological damage.
On topological polynomials and indices for metal-organic and cuboctahedral bimetallic networks
Authors: Yasmeen Farhana , Imran Muhammad , Akhter Shehnaz , Ali Yasir , Ali Kashif
Published: August 2022

A molecular graph consists of bonds and atoms, where atoms are present as vertices and bonds are present as edges. We can look at topological invariants and topological polynomials that furnish bioactivity and physio-chemical features for such molecular graphs. These topological invariants, which are usually known as graph invariants, are numerical quantities that relate to the topology of a molecular graph. Let m

pq
(X) be the number of edges in X such that (ζ

a
, ζ

b
) = (p, q), where ζ

a
(or ζ

b
) present the degree of a (or b). The M-polynomial for X can be determined with the help of relation

M
(
X
;
x
,
y
)
=

∑

p
≤
q

m

p
q

(
X
)

x

p

y

q

M(X;x,y)={\sum }_{p\le q}{m}_{pq}(X){x}^{p}{y}^{q}

. In this study, we calculate the M-polynomial, forgotten polynomial, sigma polynomial and Sombor polynomial, and different topological invariants of critical importance, referred to as first, second, modified and augmented Zagreb, inverse and general Randić, harmonic, symmetric division; forgotten and inverse invariants of chemical structures namely metal-organic networks (transition metal-tetra cyano benzene organic network) and cuboctahedral bimetallic networks (MOPs) are retrieved using a generic topological polynomial approach. We also draw the two-dimensional graphical representation of outcomes that express the relationship between topological indices and polynomial structural parameters.
An
I
6
2
−

${\mathrm{I}}_{6}^{2-}$

anion in the crystal structure of theophyllinium triiodide monohydrate, C7H11I3N4O3
Authors: Reiss Guido J. , Wyshusek Maik , Rheinländer Jana C.
Published: August 2022

C7H11I3N4O3, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.28478(14) Å, b = 12.2214(2) Å, c = 13.4088(2) Å, α = 76.2062(14)°, β = 88.2421(13)°, γ = 89.4102(13)°, Z = 4, V = 1476.95(4) Å3, Rgt(F) = 0.0198, wR
ref = 0.0494, T = 100 K.
Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis of Product Review Using Memory Network
Authors: Ismet Hilya Tsaniya , Mustaqim Tanzilal , Purwitasari Diana
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Purpose: Consumer opinion is one of the essential keys that affect the success of a product. Sentiment analysis of consumer opinion is needed to find out information about customer satisfaction for companies in the decision-making process. The traditional sentiment analysis process extracts a complete sentiment from a single sentence. However, it does not consist of only one sentiment in one sentence. The total number depends on the number of aspects that make up the sentence. Therefore, a sentiment analysis process is needed to pay attention to aspects.Methods: This research focuses on product reviews from Indonesian e-commerce on several aspects of sentiment. Uses fastText word embedding to avoid Out of Vocabulary in datasets and Gated Recurrent Units for aspect spread detection. Sentiment classification on aspects using the Memory Network method.Result: The experiment results showed that aspect-based sentiment classification predictions had an accuracy of 83% compared to 78% overall classification predictions for review texts, indicating that aspect-based sentiment analysis can improve model performance on product review classification predictions.Novelty: Most product reviews analysis use document-level classification to extract and predict sentiment reviews, aspect-based analysis can be applied to product reviews for better sentiment understanding, using Memory Network to store important information explicitly on aspects and polarity.