bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YTHDF2 reduction fuels inflammation and vascular abnormalization in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hou Jiajie , Zhang He , Liu Jun , Zhao Zhenjun , Wang Jianye , Lu Zhike , Hu Bian , Zhou Jiankui , Zhao Zhicong , Feng Mingxuan , Zhang Haiyan , Shen Bin , Huang Xingxu , Sun Beicheng , He Chuan , Xia Qiang
Published: November 2019

Background

Dynamic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification was previously identified as a ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulation that affected mRNA homeostasis. However, the m6A-related epitranscriptomic alterations and functions remain elusive in human cancer. Here we aim to identify the profile and outcome of m6A-methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Results

Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and m6A-immunoprecipitation in combination with high-throughput sequencing, we determined the m6A-mRNA levels in human HCC. Human HCC exhibited a characteristic gain of m6A modification in tandem with an increase of mRNA expression, owing to YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) reduction. The latter predicted poor classification and prognosis of HCC patients, and highly correlated with HCC m6A landscape. YTHDF2 silenced in human HCC cells or ablated in mouse hepatocytes provoked inflammation, vascular reconstruction and metastatic progression. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 processed the decay of m6A-containing interleukin 11 (IL11) and serpin family E member 2 (SERPINE2) mRNAs, which were responsible for the inflammation-mediated malignancy and disruption of vascular normalization. Reciprocally, YTHDF2 transcription succumbed to hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α). Administration of a HIF-2α antagonist (PT2385) restored YTHDF2-programed epigenetic machinery and repressed liver cancer.

Conclusion

Our results have characterized the m6A-mRNA landscape in human HCC and revealed YTHDF2 as a molecular ‘rheostat’ in epitranscriptome and cancer progression.
Uterine lesions with sex cord-like architectures: a systematic review
Authors: Jia Meng , Sun Ping-Li , Gao Hongwen
Published: November 2019

Background

Sex cord-like elements are rarely observed in uterine lesions, but these morphological patterns could appear in a variety of uterine tumors and non-tumorous lesions. In this review, we collected the literatures regarding the uterine tumorous and non-tumorous lesions containing sex cord-like elements and summarized these lesions in terms of clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features in order to further understand these lesions and provide some new ideas for differential diagnosis.

Main body

This section provides a comprehensive overview of the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of uterine lesions with sex cord-like architectures including uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors, endometrial stromal tumors, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, leiomyoma, epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma, corded and hyalinized endometrioid carcinoma, mesonephric adenocarcinoma, and mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma. The differential diagnosis based on morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular alterations has also been discussed.

Conclusion

The sex cord-like areas in these lesions show heterogeneous but similar morphological features. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining plays a limited role in differential diagnosis. Furthermore, it is of significance for pathologists to better understand these lesions in order to avoid confusion and mistakes during pathological diagnosis, especially in a biopsy/curettage specimen.
Proteomics: a powerful tool to study plant responses to biotic stress
Authors: Liu Yahui , Lu Song , Liu Kefu , Wang Sheng , Huang Luqi , Guo Lanping
Published: November 2019

In recent years, mass spectrometry-based proteomics has provided scientists with the tremendous capability to study plants more precisely than previously possible. Currently, proteomics has been transformed from an isolated field into a comprehensive tool for biological research that can be used to explain biological functions. Several studies have successfully used the power of proteomics as a discovery tool to uncover plant resistance mechanisms. There is growing evidence that indicates that the spatial proteome and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins directly participate in the plant immune response. Therefore, understanding the subcellular localization and PTMs of proteins is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of plant responses to biotic stress. In this review, we discuss current approaches to plant proteomics that use mass spectrometry, with particular emphasis on the application of spatial proteomics and PTMs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current status of the field, discuss recent research challenges, and encourage the application of proteomics techniques to further research.
Machine learning driven non-invasive approach of water content estimation in living plant leaves using terahertz waves
Authors: Zahid Adnan , Abbas Hasan T. , Ren Aifeng , Zoha Ahmed , Heidari Hadi , Shah Syed A. , Imran Muhammad A. , Alomainy Akram , Abbasi Qammer H.
Published: November 2019

Background

The demand for effective use of water resources has increased because of ongoing global climate transformations in the agriculture science sector. Cost-effective and timely distributions of the appropriate amount of water are vital not only to maintain a healthy status of plants leaves but to drive the productivity of the crops and achieve economic benefits. In this regard, employing a terahertz (THz) technology can be more reliable and progressive technique due to its distinctive features. This paper presents a novel, and non-invasive machine learning (ML) driven approach using terahertz waves with a swissto12 material characterization kit (MCK) in the frequency range of 0.75 to 1.1 THz in real-life digital agriculture interventions, aiming to develop a feasible and viable technique for the precise estimation of water content (WC) in plants leaves for 4 days. For this purpose, using measurements observations data, multi-domain features are extracted from frequency, time, time–frequency domains to incorporate three different machine learning algorithms such as support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbour (KNN) and decision-tree (D-Tree).

Results

The results demonstrated SVM outperformed other classifiers using tenfold and leave-one-observations-out cross-validation for different days classification with an overall accuracy of 98.8%, 97.15%, and 96.82% for Coffee, pea shoot, and baby spinach leaves respectively. In addition, using SFS technique, coffee leaf showed a significant improvement of 15%, 11.9%, 6.5% in computational time for SVM, KNN and D-tree. For pea-shoot, 21.28%, 10.01%, and 8.53% of improvement was noticed in operating time for SVM, KNN and D-Tree classifiers, respectively. Lastly, baby spinach leaf exhibited a further improvement of 21.28% in SVM, 10.01% in KNN, and 8.53% in D-tree in overall operating time for classifiers. These improvements in classifiers produced significant advancements in classification accuracy, indicating a more precise quantification of WC in leaves.

Conclusion

Thus, the proposed method incorporating ML using terahertz waves can be beneficial for precise estimation of WC in leaves and can provide prolific recommendations and insights for growers to take proactive actions in relations to plants health monitoring.
TMRS: an algorithm for computing the time to the most recent substitution event from a multiple alignment column
Authors: Kiryu Hisanori , Ichikawa Yuto , Kojima Yasuhiro
Published: November 2019

Background 

As the number of sequenced genomes grows, researchers have access to an increasingly rich source for discovering detailed evolutionary information. However, the computational technologies for inferring biologically important evolutionary events are not sufficiently developed.

Results 

We present algorithms to estimate the evolutionary time ($$t_{\text {MRS}}$$tMRS) to the most recent substitution event from a multiple alignment column by using a probabilistic model of sequence evolution. As the confidence in estimated $$t_{\text {MRS}}$$tMRS values varies depending on gap fractions and nucleotide patterns of alignment columns, we also compute the standard deviation $$\sigma$$σ of $$t_{\text {MRS}}$$tMRS by using a dynamic programming algorithm. We identified a number of human genomic sites at which the last substitutions occurred between two speciation events in the human lineage with confidence. A large fraction of such sites have substitutions that occurred between the concestor nodes of Hominoidea and Euarchontoglires. We investigated the correlation between tissue-specific transcribed enhancers and the distribution of the sites with specific substitution time intervals, and found that brain-specific transcribed enhancers are threefold enriched in the density of substitutions in the human lineage relative to expectations.

Conclusions 

We have presented algorithms to estimate the evolutionary time ($$t_{\text {MRS}}$$tMRS) to the most recent substitution event from a multiple alignment column by using a probabilistic model of sequence evolution. Our algorithms will be useful for Evo-Devo studies, as they facilitate screening potential genomic sites that have played an important role in the acquisition of unique biological features by target species.
Looking into the crystal ball: quality of life, delinquency, and problems experienced by young male adults after discharge from a secure residential care setting in the Netherlands
Authors: Janssen-de Ruijter E. A. W. , Mulder E. A. , Bongers I. L. , Omlo L. , van Nieuwenhuizen Ch.
Published: November 2019

Background

Adolescents in residential care are a vulnerable population with many problems in several life areas. For most of these adolescents, these problems persist after discharge and into adulthood. Since an accumulation of risk factors in multiple domains increases the likelihood of future adverse outcomes, it would be valuable to investigate whether there are differences in life after residential care between subgroups based on multiple co-occurring risk factors.

Aims and hypothesis

The aim of this exploratory follow-up study is to explore differences between young adults—classified in four risk profiles—in relation to life after discharge from a secure residential care setting. It is hypothesised that young adults with a profile with many risks in multiple domains will experience more problems after discharge, such as (persistent) delinquency, compared to young adults with a profile with lower risks.

Methods

Follow-up data were collected from 46 former patients of a hospital for youth forensic psychiatry and orthopsychiatry in the Netherlands. In order to illustrate these young adults’ life after discharge, self-reported outcome measures divided into five domains (i.e., quality of life, daily life, social life, problems, and delinquency) were used. Differences between four classes based on pre-admission risk factors, which were identified in a previous study by latent class analysis, were explored by three (non-)parametric statistical tests.

Results

Life after discharge for most young adults was characterised by close friends and a high quality of life, but also by substance abuse, professional support, debts, and delinquency. Only a few significant differences between the classes were found, primarily between young adults with risk factors in the individual, family, school, and peer domains and young adults in the other three classes.

Conclusions

Young adults experience a high quality of life after discharge from secure residential care, despite the presence of persistent problems. Some indications have been found that young adults with risk factors in four domains are at greatest risk for persistent problems in young adulthood. Because of the high amount of persistent problems, residential treatment and aftercare should focus more on patients’ long-term needs.
Polyphenolic compounds as electron shuttles for sustainable energy utilization
Authors: Hsueh Chung-Chuan , Wu Chia-Chyi , Chen Bor-Yann
Published: November 2019

For renewable and sustainable bioenergy utilization with cost-effectiveness, electron-shuttles (ESs) (or redox mediators (RMs)) act as electrochemical “catalysts” to enhance rates of redox reactions, catalytically accelerating electron transport efficiency for abiotic and biotic electrochemical reactions. ESs are popularly used in cellular respiratory systems, metabolisms in organisms, and widely applied to support global lives. Apparently, they are applicable to increase power-generating capabilities for energy utilization and/or fuel storage (i.e., dye-sensitized solar cell, batteries, and microbial fuel cells (MFCs)). This first-attempt review specifically deciphers the chemical structure association with characteristics of ESs, and discloses redox-mediating potentials of polyphenolics-abundant ESs via MFC modules. Moreover, to effectively convert electron-shuttling capabilities from non-sustainable antioxidant activities, environmental conditions to induce electrochemical mediation apparently play critical roles of great significance for bioenergy stimulation. For example, pH levels would significantly affect electrochemical potentials to be exhibited (e.g., alkaline pHs are electrochemically favorable for expression of such electron-shuttling characteristics). Regarding chemical structure effect, chemicals withortho- andpara-dihydroxyl substituents-bearing aromatics own convertible characteristics of non-renewable antioxidants and electrochemically catalytic ESs; however, ES capabilities ofmeta-dihydroxyl substituents can be evidently repressed due to lack of resonance effect in the structure for intermediate radical(s) during redox reaction. Moreover, this review provides conclusive remarks to elucidate the promising feasibility to identify whether such characteristics are non-renewable antioxidants or reversible ESs from natural polyphenols via cyclic voltammetry and MFC evaluation. Evidently, considering sustainable development, such electrochemically convertible polyphenolic species in plant extracts can be reversibly expressed for bioenergy-stimulating capabilities in MFCs under electrochemically favorable conditions.
Horizontal jumping biomechanics among elite female handball players with and without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an ISU based study
Authors: Setuain Igor , Bikandi Eder , Amú Ruiz Francisco Antonio , Urtasun Fernando , Izquierdo Mikel
Published: November 2019

Background

Handball is a strenuous body-contact team sport that places high loads on the knee joint. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most devastating injuries that any handball player can suffer, and female athletes are at particular risk due to their intrinsic anatomical, hormonal, neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the horizontal jumping biomechanics of female elite handball players with or without previous ACL reconstruction.

Methods

Twenty-one female participants (6 with previous ACL reconstruction and 15 uninjured controls) were recruited. Two horizontal hopping tasks were evaluated using inertial sensor unit (ISU)-based technology to assess jumping biomechanics through a direct mechanics-based approach.

Results

The athletes with previous ACL reconstruction demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the unilateral triple hop for distance compared with the healthy controls. Furthermore, during the initial propulsive phase of the unilateral cross-over hop, the control participants generated significantly (P < 0.05) higher force values in the mediolateral direction (the X axis) with their dominant limb compared with the ACL-reconstructed (ACL-R) limb of previously injured participants.

Conclusions

Three-dimensional horizontal jumping biomechanics analyses using ISU-based technologies could provide clinicians with more accurate information regarding the horizontal jumping biomechanical patterns among elite handball female athletes. Furthermore, several mechanical alterations could still be observed among those players who had undergone previous ACL reconstruction, even when several years have passed since the original ACL injury.
Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord masking motor neuron disease: a case report
Authors: Loveland Paula , Wong Aaron , Vivekanandam Vinojini , Lim Wen Kwang
Published: November 2019

Background

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord is a potentially reversible myelopathy typically associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. There is predominant involvement of spinal cord posterior and lateral tracts, and manifestations include peripheral paraesthesia, impaired proprioception, gait disturbance, neuropathy and cognitive changes. Motor neuron disease (MND) is an unremittingly progressive neurodegenerative disorder involving upper and lower motor neurons with an average prognosis of 2–3 years. The diagnosis is clinical and may be supported by electromyography. A subset of MND occurs concurrently with frontotemporal dementia (FTD-MND) and may be initially misdiagnosed as a primary psychotic disorder.

Case presentation

We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with confusion and dysarthria. Low vitamin B12 levels and MRI findings led to an initial diagnosis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Despite treatment, persistent dysarthria and presence of both upper and lower motor neuron signs on clinical examination prompted further assessment. Electromyography supported the diagnosis of MND. Comorbid chronic paranoid schizophrenia complicated the diagnostic process. We discuss overlapping features between B12 deficiency and MND as well as the neuropsychiatric overlap of B12 deficiency, FTD-MND and chronic schizophrenia.

Conclusions

Firstly, variability in neurocognitive and imaging manifestations of B12 deficiency can limit delineation of other pathologies. Failure to improve following correction of nutritional deficiencies warrants further investigation for an alternate diagnosis. Secondly, re-evaluation of patients with comorbid mental health conditions is important in reaching timely and accurate diagnoses.
Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Disturbed Depth
Authors: Hamoda A. , Basha A. , Fayed S. , Sennah K.
Published: November 2019

This paper investigates numerically and experimentally the performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beam with unequal depths subjected to combined bending and shear. Such beams can geometrically be considered for unleveled reinforced concrete (RC) floor slab-beam system. However, it may generate critical disturbances in stress flow at the re-entrant corner (i.e. location of drop in beam depth). This research investigates the use of shear reinforcement and geometric properties to enhance cracking characteristics, yielding, ultimate load-carrying capacity, and exhibiting ductile failure mode. Ten reinforced concrete (RC) beams were constructed and tested experimentally considering the following key parameters: recess length, depth of smaller beam nib, and amount and layout of shear reinforcement at re-entrant corner. Finite element analysis (FEA) with material non-linearity was conducted in two RC beams that were tested experimentally to validate the computer modelling. The FEA models were then extended to conduct a parametric study to investigate the influence of geometric parameters (beam shape and width) and amount and arrangement of shear reinforcement on the structural response. Results confirmed that geometric properties and ratio of shear reinforcement at the re-entrant region significantly affect the behavior of reinforced concrete beam with unequal depths in terms of first cracking, yielding level, ultimate load carrying capacity and mode of failure.
Screening freshness of seafood by measuring trimethylamine (TMA) levels using helium-plasma ionization mass spectrometry (HePI-MS)
Authors: Herath Isuru S. , O’Donnell Thomas E. , Pavlov Julius , Attygalle Athula B.
Published: November 2019

Background

Trimethylamine (TMA) is a marker used for monitoring the quality of seafood because it is the primary component of the “fishy” odor.

Methods

The levels of TMA in seafood samples were directly measured by helium-plasma ionization mass spectrometry (HePI-MS). Each sample was directly exposed to the HePI source, and the intensity of them/z60 signal for protonated TMA was monitored by a selected-ion-recording (SIR) protocol. Using a set of TMA-spiked water standards, the TMA levels in seafood samples were quantified.

Results

The signal intensity of them/z60 ion from shrimp samples maintained at room temperature for 2 days can be attenuated to baseline levels by adding lime juice. The amounts of TMA in samples of salmon and shrimp recovered from some sushi preparations, and in squid samples, were found to be 0.24 μg, 0.16 μg, and 17.2 μg per gram, respectively.

Conclusions

HePI-MS is an efficient technique to screen and monitor the TMA content and assess the quality of seafood.
Correction to: Public procurement of medicines: scoping review of the scientific literature in South America
Authors: Soares Cristiane Mota , Nascimento Beatriz , Chaves Luisa Arueira , Silva Rondineli Mendes , Oliveira Maria Auxiliadora , Luiza Vera Lucia
Published: November 2019

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified of a few errors in the figures:
Clinical application of invalid foods using mealworms and evaluation of nutrition status and immune function: a study protocol for a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hyung Sun , Lee Yun Sun , Jang Soo Yun , Jun So Young , Lim Jin Hong , Kim Im Kyung , Kim Hyung Mi , Park Joon Seong
Published: November 2019

Background

Protein intake is important for the recovery of the immune system, physical strength, and wound healing after surgery. Sarcopenia is associated with a poor prognosis when compared to patients without sarcopenia in cancer patients. Recently, edible insects, such as mealworms, have been recognized as having a high protein content. In this study, we will evaluate the effect of nutritional status and immune function change based on a patient’s ingestion of mealworms after hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery.

Methods/design

This is a prospective, two-armed, phase III study investigating the effect of mealworm improving nutrition and immune status in patients after hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery. In the trial group, the patients will be provided with mealworms for 2 months after surgery. In the control group, patients will be provided with grain powder for 2 months after surgery. The target for accrual is 168 patients. We divided in to three groups according to the type of surgery.

Discussion

The primary endpoint is to evaluate body cell mass index 2 months postoperatively. Secondary endpoints include other body composition changes as well as nutrition index and immune function change. We expect that ingestion of mealworms can effectively improve the nutritional status and enhance the immune function. Mealworm can be used effectively for nutritional management of patients after surgery.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03201926 Registered June 28, 2017, retrospectively registered.
Governance function analysis of the Patriotic Health Movement in China
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Yuan Beibei , Yu Yahang , Jian Weiyan
Published: November 2019

Background

Health system governance is critical to the operation of a country’s health system and its overall performance. This study analyzes the role of health system governance in driving health policy innovation and effective implementation.

Methods

A retrospective review is applied to collect, analyze and synthesize information from publications and policy documents relevant to the implementation of a typical health policy, the Patriotic Health Movement.

Results

The analysis of governance highlighted a number of features underpinning this policy. These included highest authority prioritizing health system development, specific health policies being prioritized within the national development agenda, strong political will to promote the policies drawing on the advantages of the highly hierarchal administrative system in China, and accumulating evidence from local experience to support policy making. It was also found that the formation of these governance practices and how they drove policy innovation and implementation were both closely related to the political and socio-economic contexts in China.

Conclusion

Given that many low- and middle- income countries are strengthening their health systems aimed at UHC, this study demonstrates that along with drawing lessons from health policies or interventions, addressing factors in each governance domain is critical in adapting the policy design to other settings and the effective operation of policies in other settings.
Prospective Decision Analysis Study of Clinical Genomic Testing in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Impact on Outcomes and Patient Perceptions
Authors: Stover Daniel G. , Reinbolt Raquel E. , Adams Elizabeth J. , Asad Sarah , Tolliver Katlyn , Abdel-Rasoul Mahmoud , Timmers Cynthia D. , Gillespie Susan , Chen James L. , Ali Siraj Mahamed , Collier Katharine A. , Cherian Mathew A. , Noonan Anne M. , Sardesai Sagar , VanDeusen Jeffrey , Wesolowski Robert , Williams Nicole , Lee Clara N. , Shapiro Charles L. , Macrae Erin R. , Ramaswamy Bhuvaneswari , Lustberg Maryam B.
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE

To evaluate the impact of targeted DNA sequencing on selection of cancer therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this prospective, single-center, single-arm trial, patients with MBC were enrolled within 10 weeks of starting a new therapy. At enrollment, tumor samples underwent next-generation sequencing for any of 315 cancer-related genes to high depth (> 500×) using FoundationOne CDx. Sequencing results were released to providers at the time of disease progression, and physician treatment recommendations were assessed via questionnaire. We evaluated three prespecified questions to assess patients’ perceptions of genomic testing.

RESULTS

In all, 100 patients underwent genomic testing, with a median of five mutations (range, 0 to 13 mutations) detected per patient. Genomic testing revealed one or more potential therapies in 98% of patients (98 of 100), and 60% of patients (60 of 100) had one or more recommended treatments with level I/II evidence for actionability. Among the 94 genomic text reports that were released, there was physician questionnaire data for 87 patients (response rate, 92.6%) and 31.0% of patients (27 of 87) had treatment change recommended by their physician. Of these, 37.0% (10 of 27) received the treatment supported by genomic testing. We did not detect a statistically significant difference in time-to-treatment failure (log-rank P = .87) or overall survival ( P = .71) among patients who had treatment change supported by genomic testing versus those who had no treatment change. For patients who completed surveys before and after genomic testing, there was a significant decrease in confidence of treatment success, specifically among patients who did not have treatment change supported by genomic testing (McNemar’s test of agreement P = .001).

CONCLUSION

In this prospective study, genomic profiling of tumors in patients with MBC frequently identified potential treatments and resulted in treatment change in a minority of patients. Patients whose therapy was not changed on the basis of genomic testing seemed to have a decrease in confidence of treatment success.
Use of Standardized Patients in Endocrinology Fellowship Programs to Teach Competent Transgender Care
Authors: Stevenson Mary O , Sineath R Craig , Haw J Sonya , Tangpricha Vin
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals have unique health care needs and have difficulty accessing health care services because of a lack of qualified health care providers, insurance coverage, mistreatment, and bias by the medical community. Medical trainees and physicians report a lack of education in, and exposure to, the clinical care and unique aspects of this field. We assessed the use of a standardized patient as a tool to evaluate 4 core medical competencies (patient care, medical knowledge, professionalism, and interpersonal communication) of endocrinology fellows at a single training program.

Methods

Endocrine fellows were evaluated by faculty in different aspects of transgender care and completed a self-assessment before and after the exercise. Faculty viewed the fellows during the Objective Clinical Structured Examination. Fellows were provided feedback by a faculty member and the standardized patient after the exercise.

Results

Deficits were found in patient care and professionalism. Fellows scored well in medical knowledge. Fellows did not report an improvement in comfort and communication skills after the exercise. Interestingly, fellows’ self-assessment scores in several domains declined after the standardized patient encounter, highlighting an occasion for self-reflection and growth within the realms of cultural competency and medical knowledge.

Main conclusions

We conclude that use of standardized patients to teach medical competencies in transgender medicine may be one approach to improve exposure to, and training in, transgender medicine. Endocrine fellows still had discomfort treating transgender individuals after the standardized patient encounter and require other training activities that may include didactics and clinical case discussions.
“Light Filtering through Those Shutters”: Joyless Streets, Mnemic Symbols, and the Beginnings of Feminist Film Criticism
Authors: Troxell Jenelle
Published: November 2019

This article examines the origin myth of the feminist film journal Close Up, namely, an excursion by its founders Bryher and H.D. to see G. W. Pabst’s Die freudlose Gasse (The Joyless Street, 1925) in a small cinema in Montreux, Switzerland. Throughout the essay, I use Joyless Street as a case study to analyze the ways in which theories of trauma can be effectively brought to bear on melodramas of the post–World War I era and, in the process, demonstrate the appeal Pabst’s works held for the Close Up editors, who shared his interest in trauma, psychoanalysis, and healing. By analyzing Joyless Street through the lens of Close Up, I demonstrate how Bryher and H.D. anticipate the development of trauma theory, which emerged in the early 1990s. Unlike traditional, often totalizing, applications of psychoanalysis (which emphasize notions of spectator desire and lack), the Close Up writers’ engagement of psychoanalysis focuses on issues of history, memory, and the response of spectators to historically specific situations. Their theory further suggests that in addition to surrogate fantasy fulfillment, film—in its recurring representation of trauma—might aid in mastering shared cultural symptoms, which women often experienced in isolation. Through their sustained analysis of film melodrama, the Close Up writers demonstrate that the war, beyond its devastating effects on combatants, also impacted the (female) civilian population—resulting in Close Up’s call for a critical film culture that speaks to that experience.
Oxygen Demand, Uptake, and Deficits in Elite Cross-Country Skiers during a 15-km Race
Authors: GLØERSEN ØYVIND , GILGIEN MATTHIAS , DYSTHE DAG KRISTIAN , MALTHE-SØRENSSEN ANDERS , LOSNEGARD THOMAS
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2dem) throughout a simulated roller ski race.

Methods

Eight male elite cross-country skiers (V˙O2peak, 77.4 ± 4.4 mL·kg−1⋅min−1) raced a 13.5-km roller ski time trial on a World Cup course. On two additional days, athletes completed (i) six submaximal loads (~5 min) and ~4-min maximal trial to establish athlete-specific estimates of skiing economy, V˙O2peak, and maximal ΣO2def(MAOD); and (ii) a simulation of the time trial on a roller skiing treadmill. During the simulation, external work rate (Pprop) and skiing speed (v) were adjusted to match thePpropandvmeasured during the time trial, and pulmonary V˙O2was measured breath by breath. V˙O2demand ΣO2defwere calculated using an athlete-specific model for skiing economy throughout the treadmill simulation.

Results

During the treadmill simulation, V˙O2was on average 0.77 V˙O2peak, and active V˙O2dem(i.e., excluding the time in simulated downhill) was on average 1.01 V˙O2peak. The athletes repeatedly attained substantial oxygen deficits in individual uphill sections of the treadmill simulation, but the deficits were typically small compared with their MAOD (average 14%, range ~0%–50%). However, the ΣO2defsummed over all periods of active propulsion was on average 3.8 MAOD.

Conclusion

Athletes repeatedly attain substantial oxygen deficits in the uphill segments of a distance cross-country ski race. Furthermore, the total accumulated oxygen deficit of all these segments is several times higher than the athletes’ MAOD. This suggests that the rapid recovery of the energy stores represented by the oxygen deficit is necessary during downhill sections, and that this might be an important determinant of distance skiing performance.
Failing to Foresee the Updating of the Reference Point Leads to Time-Inconsistent Investment
Authors: Strub Moris S. , Li Duan
Published: November 2019

In a dynamic setting, decision makers update their reference point as a function of previous decision and outcomes. In “Failing to Foresee the Updating of the Reference Point Leads to Time-Inconsistent Investment,” Strub and Li investigate the influence of reference point updating on decision making and in particular, address whether a decision maker foresees the updating of the reference point in the context of discrete time portfolio optimization. By deriving and comparing optimal trading strategies under various frameworks and reference point updating rules and then, simulating how typical investment behavior would look like in each setting, they come to the following conclusion: a loss-averse decision maker with a time-varying reference point exhibiting realistic investment behavior fails to foresee the future updating of the reference point, and this failure leads to time-inconsistent investment.
Antropologia Literária e Teoria da Sedução Generalizada: emancipação pela leitura
Authors: Santos Larissa Brito dos , Andrade Fernando Cézar Bezerra de
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho articula os conceitos de emancipação, da Antropologia Literária, proposta por Iser; e o de tradução, da Teoria da Sedução Generalizada, de Laplanche, com o objetivo de compreender de que forma a leitura literária pode auxiliar na emancipação do leitor real. A articulação teórica aqui proposta conclui que a leitura e, consequentemente, a experiência estética, também concorrem para a autotradução do indivíduo, processo em que, na perspectiva laplancheana, podem evidenciar-se conteúdos inconscientes e pré-conscientes, de caráter enigmático, que aguardam por significação. Essa experiência impelirá a novas leituras, a novas traduções artísticas, favorecendo de novo, na melhor das hipóteses, a reentrada do leitor nos processos emancipatórios em que a experiência estética ajude a traduzir completamente, ou seja, permita completar-se o ciclo pelo qual o sujeito não só se desestabiliza, mas também se reequilibra cognitiva, afetiva e esteticamente.
INÉDITOS E DISPERSOS: NOTAS SOBRE AUTONOMIA POÉTICA EM ANA CRISTINA CESAR SOB A ÓTICA DE PIERRE BOURDIEU.
Authors: Bessa Alessandra Zelinda Sousa
Published: November 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo fazer um debate acerca da autonomia literária em Inédito e Dispersos (1985) de Ana Cristina Cesar sob o prima de Pierre Bourdieu. Nessa perspectiva faremos uma reflexão sobre a teoria de campos de  As regras das artes (1996). Analisaremos a estética da poesia de Cesar em debate com a autonomia literária. Entendemos os aspectos do simbólico, do registro do acaso, da fragmentação do pensamento e do uso excessivo de figuras de linguagem corroboram as concepções de Bourdieu. Já que mostram, no espaço de campos políticos, a ruptura hegemônica da forma. Concluímos que a literatura de Cesar aparece como manifestação artística independente a partir do espaço interpretativo dos leitores, revelando os campos de poderes, amplitude do imaginário e do inconsciente simbólico. ADORNO(2003), AGAMBEN(2008), BARTHES(2010) e RANCIÈRE(2009), dentre outros estudiosos, são alguns dos autores que representam nosso aporte teórico.
Fake news como desafio para a cultura
Authors: Hegenberg Ivan Alexander
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre possíveis respostas de escritores, críticos e pesquisadores de literatura à disseminação em larga escala das notícias falsas, fenômeno que vem desestabilizando a democracia e levando a sociedade para posições de extrema-direita, de forma especialmente sensível no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos, mas com potencial de avanço em praticamente todo o planeta. Um ponto de partida é o livro de Michiko Kakutani, “A Morte da Verdade”, que examina bastidores da indústria de fake news com dados relevantes e uma análise instigante a respeito do atual ambiente cultural. Abre-se caminho para ponderações sobre aspectos de nosso ambiente cultural que possam ter tornado multidões inteiras suscetíveis a rejeitar os últimos vestígios do que nos parecia ser até pouco tempo atrás a noção de uma realidade compartilhada.
Relações de autoria entre tia Nastácia e Emília em Monteiro Lobato
Authors: Raimundo Ana Luísa Macedo
Published: November 2019

Este artigo analisa a possibilidade de uma leitura das personagens Tia Nastácia e Emília da série Sítio do Picapau Amarelo de Monteiro Lobato (1931). Neste estudo investigamos uma analogia entre essas personagens que possibilitam enxergar em sua relação uma situação de autor e obra, já que Nastácia é responsável pela confecção de Emília na narrativa. A partir deste olhar e das concepções da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa, discutimos, baseados nos conceitos de autor/obra trabalhados por Bakhtin/Volochínov (2013-2014) e Foucault (2002), como Nastácia se encontra, dentro das narrativas, na posição-autor na produção da boneca Emília. Trabalhamos com enunciados selecionados na dispersão da saga a fim de comprovar a analogia entre as duas. Com isso, procuramos contribuir para um novo olhar interpretativo sobre essas personagens e as narrativas infantis lobatianas.
PRÉ-NAÇÃO: REPENSANDO A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO INDÍGENA EM O URAGUAI
Authors: Corrêa Adriana De Oliveira Alves
Published: November 2019

O conhecimento sobre a população indígena do Brasil tem como principais fontes textos escritos pelos portugueses e por não indígenas brasileiros. Por isso, este trabalho objetiva discutir e analisar o modo como é representada a imagem do índio a partir do poema épico O Uraguai (Basílio da Gama), escrito em um período anterior à construção do Brasil enquanto nação. Para o desenvolvimento da análise proposta, discutimos, brevemente, a respeito da necessidade de revisitar e revisar obras ditas canônicas afim de compreender a contemporaneidade e suas significações sociais imaginárias. Com isso, compreendemos que a obra árcade parece ser extremamente atual, pois a imagem idealizada dos indígenas foi retomada pelos movimentos literários posteriores.
EXPEDIENTE Nº 30
Authors: Palimpsesto Revista
Published: November 2019

Expediete do número 30.
Selective laser trabeculoplasty in enhancing glaucoma care
Authors: Rufai Sohaib R , Kamal Mohammed R , Thaker Riddhi D , Mukherji Subhanjan
Published: November 2019

Background/Aim

There is increasing evidence for using selective laser trabeculoplasty as a first line treatment for chronic open angle glaucoma. The current first-line treatment is pharmacological therapy using eye drops. This study aims to assess the outcomes of selective laser trabeculoplasty in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension at a district general hospital and consider its role in reducing cost and treatment burden when treating patients with these conditions.

Methods

A single centre, retrospective case-note audit involving 58 eyes from 31 patients with a minimum follow-up of 4 months.

Results

Post selective laser trabeculoplasty, 62% had intraocular pressure <20 mmHg on latest follow up (36/58 eyes). Post selective laser trabeculoplasty, 10 patients (32%) were prescribed one fewer topical medication, while 20 patients (65%) were prescribed the same number of topical medications. Only 1 patient (3%) was prescribed one additional topical medication.

Conclusion

Selective laser trabeculoplasty is a safe and effective option for managing glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Selective laser trabeculoplasty may represent a cost-effective solution for healthcare providers as compared to pharmacological treatment.
Are healthcare organisations using quality assurance principles and methods to control implants and other devices: Part 1
Authors: Collins John Michael
Published: November 2019

This two-part article demonstrates that methods are available to improve the safety and reliability of manufactured devices used in healthcare, such as breast implants, batteries, spine rods, spinal discs, syringes and packaging. These methods would be based on the requirements of a (as yet unwritten) healthcare modification of ISO 9001, the international standard for quality systems. Part one describes how the design, testing and supply of these devices could be controlled by the user, not the manufacturer. A list of self-audit questions is proposed to allow readers to make an assessment of their own organisation. Part two describes the procedures that should be followed when unexpected failures occur.
Back of the net? Research reveals link between football and dementia
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: November 2019

Like other forms of exercise, football has a variety of demonstrated health benefits. However, research has suggested that players may be at a higher risk of developing neurogenerative diseases in later life. Sarah Jane Palmer investigates the study and its implications on the beautiful game
Religion in care homes: perspective of a Methodist minister
Authors: Woodfin Jen
Published: November 2019

During the festive period, practising Christians join together to celebrate their beliefs. In a care home, this is no different. Jen Woodfin explains the practicalities of her role as chaplain in a residential home and care home life through the prism of Methodism
Computer viruses: how to inoculate your business
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2019

The world of the computer hacker is continually evolving, and systems that are connected to the internet are permanently at risk. Adam Bernstein offers advice on how to protect a network
Criminal records checks: how to check your staff
Authors: Stevens Mark
Published: November 2019

A surprising number of individuals have criminal records. Understandably, society wants them rehabilitated, but how far can an employer go in checking the background of employees and job applicants? Mark Stevens explains
Equine Review
Authors: Parker Russell
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

This edition of Equine Review looks at the value of continuous per rectum fluid infusion, treatment of dorsal spinous process impingement by interspinous ligament desmotomy, and the use of radiographic monitoring to improve accuracy of needle placement into the distal intertarsal joint.
Evolución de las Concepciones de Política de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación y Modelos Institucionales en Uruguay
Authors: García Amílcar Davyt
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2012.1.1.4025.8-43La historia institucional de Uruguay en Políticas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación no tiene más de medio siglo; en ese período, han cambiado las concepciones de ciencia, los modelos de política, las instituciones y las organizaciones, en cierto paralelismo con la evolución observada a nivel latinoamericano y mundial. Para analizar esta historia, se la divide en varias etapas, haciendo mayor énfasis en los orígenes del denominado modelo lineal de innovación a mediados de siglo XX y su transferencia a los países de la región, y profundizándose en el análisis de las transformaciones institucionales más recientes en el país y su relación con los diversos paradigmas conceptuales en disputa, en el contexto de modelos sistémicos.
Análise do Discurso da Sustentabilidade em uma Empresa do Setor de Energia Elétrica
Authors: Coelho Ana Lúcia de Araújo Lima , Godoi Christiane Kleinübing , Coelho Christiano , Pascual Araceli Serrano
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2012.1.1.4058.122-158O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar a construção do discurso da sustentabilidade em uma multinacional do setor de energia elétrica a partir das falas de pessoas diretamente relacionadas à elaboração dos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade. A Análise Sociológica do Discurso (ASD), abordagem metodológica utilizada neste estudo, é vinculada à Tradição Espanhola de Pesquisa Social Qualitativa. Enquanto método, permitiu revelar o discurso da sustentabilidade na empresa considerando a questão social e os espaços comunicativos concretos que formaram e elaboraram os discursos dos atores como práticas significantes. A análise dos estilos discursivos, posições discursivas, configurações narrativas e espaços semânticos foram realizadas em busca da construção do discurso da sustentabilidade. A empresa apresenta-se por meio de um discurso alinhado a objetivos econômicos, considerando também outras dimensões da sustentabilidade – ambiental e social, manifestando sua responsabilidade ambiental e social.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Glicia Vieira dos
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2012.1.1.4833.5-7Apresenta a edição de lançamento da Revista Gestão & Conexões (Management and Connections Journal), v1, n1, jul./dez. 2012.
Análise Top-down e Bottom-up de um Programa de Inovação Energética: o Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB)
Authors: Azevedo Adalberto Mantovani Martiniano de , Pereira Newton Müller
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2013.2.2.4581.32-51O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) é uma política pública que desde o final de 2004 coordena atores públicos e privados visando substituir parcialmente o diesel de petróleo consumido no país pelo biodiesel, diesel de fontes renováveis. O PNPB implica em gastos do governo e consumidores, justificados por benefícios ambientais, econômicos e, principalmente, sociais. No âmbito do PNPB, diversas regras e incentivos têm sido utilizados para construir um sistema setorial de inovação que alcance os objetivos do programa. Esperar-se-ia que esses instrumentos estimulassem o aprendizado nessa indústria, tornando-a viável sem subvenções do Governo e dos consumidores. Contudo, seis anos após sua implementação, não é possível afirmar que o PNPB tenha alcançado os objetivos que o justificaram. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e avaliar o aludido Programa, utilizando para tanto metodologias de análise de políticas públicas. Por se tratar de uma política de inovação, tornou-se oportuno incrementar a análise com conceitos da economia e sociologia relacionados a políticas de construção de sistemas setoriais de inovação. O artigo adota duas vertentes analíticas: A primeira investiga a concepção e implementação do Programa, focando o material que documenta as regras e os resultados esperados pelos formuladores do PNPB (análise top down), e a segunda enfoca a implementação e as ações dos principais atores públicos e privados envolvidos na execução do PNPB (análise bottom up). Contrastando-se as duas análises, foi possível identificar o principal problema do programa: a insuficiência dos seus instrumentos na indução de ações dos atores públicos e privados no sentido de gerar um sistema setorial de inovação alinhado com os objetivos de política social do Programa.