bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between Parental and Friend Social Support and Children’s Physical Activity and Time Spent outside Playing
Authors: Loucaides Constantinos A. , Tsangaridou Niki
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the structural validity of a parent and a child questionnaire that assessed parental and friends’ influences on children’s physical activity and investigate the associations between the derived factors, physical activity, and time spent outside. Children (N=154, mean age = 11.7) and 144 of their parents completed questionnaires assessing parental and friends’ influences on children’s physical activity. Children wore a pedometer for six days. Exploratory factor analyses revealed four factors for the parental and five for the child’s questionnaire that explained 66.71% and 63.85% of the variance, respectively. Five factors were significantly associated with physical activity and five significantly associated with time spent outside. Higher correlations were revealed between “general friend support,” “friends’ activity norms,” and physical activity (r=0.343and 0.333 resp.,p<0.001) and between “general friend support” and time spent outside (r=0.460,p<0.001). Obtaining information relating to parental and friends’ influences on physical activity from both parents and children may provide a more complete picture of influences. Parents and friends seem to influence children’s physical activity behavior and time spent outside, but friends’ influences may have a stronger impact on children’s behaviors.
Effects of a Pain Catastrophizing Induction on Sensory Testing in Women with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study
Authors: Taub Chloe J. , Sturgeon John A. , Johnson Kevin A. , Mackey Sean C. , Darnall Beth D.
Published: February 2017

Pain catastrophizing, a pattern of negative cognitive-emotional responses to actual or anticipated pain, maintains chronic pain and undermines response to treatments. Currently, precisely how pain catastrophizing influences pain processing is not well understood. In experimental settings, pain catastrophizing has been associated with amplified pain processing. This study sought to clarify pain processing mechanisms via experimental induction of pain catastrophizing. Forty women with chronic low back pain were assigned in blocks to an experimental condition, either a psychologist-led 10-minute pain catastrophizing induction or a control (10-minute rest period). All participants underwent a baseline round of several quantitative sensory testing (QST) tasks, followed by the pain catastrophizing induction or the rest period, and then a second round of the same QST tasks. The catastrophizing induction appeared to increase state pain catastrophizing levels. Changes in QST pain were detected for two of the QST tasks administered, weighted pin pain and mechanical allodynia. Although there is a need to replicate our preliminary results with a larger sample, study findings suggest a potential relationship between induced pain catastrophizing and central sensitization of pain. Clarification of the mechanisms through which catastrophizing affects pain modulatory systems may yield useful clinical insights into the treatment of chronic pain.
Genetic Association ofMMP10,MMP14, andMMP16with Dental Caries
Authors: Lewis D. D. , Shaffer J. R. , Feingold E. , Cooper M. , Vanyukov M. M. , Maher B. S. , Slayton R. L. , Willing M. C. , Reis S. E. , McNeil D. W. , Crout R. J. , Weyant R. J. , Levy S. M. , Vieira A. R. , Marazita M. L.
Published: February 2017

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade extracellular proteins as part of a variety of physiological processes, and their inhibitors have been implicated in the dental caries process. Here we investigated 28 genetic variants spanning theMMP10,MMP14, andMMP16genes to detect association with dental caries experience in 13 age- and race-stratified (n=3,587) samples from 6 parent studies. Analyses were performed separately for each sample, and results were combined across samples by meta-analysis. Two SNPs (rs2046315 and rs10429371) upstream ofMMP16were significantly associated with caries in an individual sample of white adults and via meta-analysis across 8 adult samples after gene-wise adjustment for multiple comparisons. Noteworthy is SNP rs2046315 (p=8.14×10-8) association with caries in white adults. This SNP was originally nominated in a genome-wide-association study (GWAS) of dental caries in a sample of white adults and yielded associations in a subsequent GWAS of surface level caries in white adults as well. Therefore, in our study, we were able to recapture the association between rs2046315 and dental caries in white adults. Although we did not strengthen evidence thatMMPs 10,14, and16influence caries risk,MMP16is still a likely candidate gene to pursue.
Iterative Learning Control with Forgetting Factor for Urban Road Network
Authors: Lan Tianyi , Yan Fei , Lin Hui
Published: February 2017

In order to improve the traffic condition, a novel iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm with forgetting factor for urban road network is proposed by using the repeat characteristics of traffic flow in this paper. Rigorous analysis shows that the proposed ILC algorithm can guarantee the asymptotic convergence. Through iterative learning control of the traffic signals, the number of vehicles on each road in the network can gradually approach the desired level, thereby preventing oversaturation and traffic congestion. The introduced forgetting factor can effectively adjust the control input according to the states of the system and filter along the direction of the iteration. The results show that the forgetting factor has an important effect on the robustness of the system. The theoretical analysis and experimental simulations are given to verify the validity of the proposed method.
Pain Catastrophizing and Its Relationship with Health Outcomes: Does Pain Intensity Matter?
Authors: Suso-Ribera Carlos , García-Palacios Azucena , Botella Cristina , Ribera-Canudas Maria Victoria
Published: February 2017

Pain catastrophizing is known to contribute to physical and mental functioning, even when controlling for the effect of pain intensity. However, research has yet to explore whether the strength of the relationship between pain catastrophizing and pain-related outcomes varies across pain intensity levels (i.e., moderation). If this was the case, it would have important implications for existing models of pain and current interventions. The present investigation explored whether pain intensity moderates the relationship between pain catastrophizing and pain-related outcomes. Participants were 254 patients (62% women) with heterogeneous chronic pain. Patients completed a measure of pain intensity, pain interference, pain catastrophizing, and physical and mental health. Pain intensity moderated the relationship between pain catastrophizing and pain interference and between pain catastrophizing and physical health status. Specifically, the strength of the correlation between pain catastrophizing and these outcomes decreased considerably as pain intensity increased. In contrast, pain intensity did not moderate the relationship between pain catastrophizing and mental health. Study findings provide a new insight into the role of pain intensity (i.e., moderator) in the relationship between pain catastrophizing and various pain-related outcomes, which might help develop existent models of pain. Clinical implications are discussed in the context of personalized therapy.
A New Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Quantitation of Amorolfine
Authors: Soto César , Poza Cristian , Contreras David , Yáñez Jorge , Nacaratte Fallon , Toral M. Inés
Published: February 2017

Amorolfine (AOF) is a compound with fungicide activity based on the dual inhibition of growth of the fungal cell membrane, the biosynthesis and accumulation of sterols, and the reduction of ergosterol. In this work a sensitive kinetic and spectrophotometric method for the AOF quantitation based on the AOF oxidation by means of KMnO4at 30 min (fixed time), pH alkaline, and ionic strength controlled was developed. Measurements of changes in absorbance at 610 nm were used as criterion of the oxidation progress. In order to maximize the sensitivity, different experimental reaction parameters were carefully studied via factorial screening and optimized by multivariate method. The linearity, intraday, and interday assay precision and accuracy were determined. The absorbance-concentration plot corresponding to tap water spiked samples was rectilinear, over the range of 7.56 × 10−6–3.22 × 10−5 mol L−1, with detection and quantitation limits of 2.49 × 10−6 mol L−1and 7.56 × 10−6 mol L−1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully validated for the application of the determination of the drug in the spiked tap water samples and the percentage recoveries were 94.0–105.0%. The method is simple and does not require expensive instruments or complicated extraction steps of the reaction product.
Etmopterus lailae sp. nov., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Authors: EBERT DAVID A. , PAPASTAMATIOU YANNIS P. , KAJIURA STEPHEN M. , WETHERBEE BRADLEY M.
Published: February 2017

A new species of lanternshark, Etmopterus lailae (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae), is described from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, in the central North Pacific Ocean. The new species resembles other members of the “Etmopterus lucifer” clade in having linear rows of dermal denticles, and most closely resembles E. lucifer from Japan. The new species occurs along insular slopes around seamounts at depths between 314–384 m. It can be distinguished from other members of the E. lucifer clade by a combination of characteristics, including a longer anterior flank marking branch, arrangement of dermal denticles on the ventral snout surface and body, flank and caudal markings, and meristic counts including number of spiral valve turns, and precaudal vertebrate. A key to species of the Etmopterus lucifer-clade is included.
Morphology of the adult male and pupal exuviae of Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) glaucus (Meigen 1818) (Diptera, Chironomidae) using scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Authors: KOWNACKI ANDRZEJ , WOZNICKA OLGA , SZAREK-GWIAZDA EWA , MICHAILOVA PARASKEVA , CZAPLICKA ANNA
Published: February 2017

In this paper, a study of the morphology of the pupa and male imago of Glyptotendipes (G.) glaucus (Meigen 1818) was carried out, with the aid of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM provided additional valuable information on the morphology of the species. Adult male head, antenna, wing, leg, abdomen, hypopygium, pupal cephalothorax and abdomen were examined. It is emphasized that SEM was not often used in Chironomidae studies. The present results confirm SEM as a suitable approach in carrying out morphological and taxonomical descriptions of Chironomidae species.
Annotated checklist of the false blister beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Oedemeridae) from Iran
Authors: GHAHARI HASSAN , VÁZQUEZ XAVIER A. , KUBISZ DANIEL
Published: February 2017

A checklist of Oedemeridae species recorded from Iran is given. A total of 48 species and subspecies are reported, of which two, Nacerdochroa caspia (Faldermann, 1836) and Oedemera (Oedemera) virescens virescens (Linnaeus, 1767), are recorded here for the first time from Iran. A total of 18 species (37,5%) are Iranian endemics. The most common chorotypes are Turanian (16 species; 33%), Turano-European (8 species; 17%), SW-Asiatic chorotype (7 species; 15%), Sindian (6 species; 13%) and Arabo-sindian (4 species, 8%).
Decisions Regarding Newborn Feeding by Latina Mothers
Authors: Jones Amy , Reller Lara , Knowles James , Lin Feng-Chang , Lohr Jacob
Published: February 2017

This study examined the factors that influence Latina mothers’ decisions to initiate breastfeeding, formula feeding, or both, and when a given neonatal feeding method is decided, in order to assess the optimum time for healthcare providers to discuss nutrition decisions. A Spanish-speaking health care provider orally administered a 24-question survey to self-identified Latina mothers in the Newborn Nursery at North Carolina Children’s Hospital after delivery. A total of 152 Latina mothers, aged 17 to 43 years, were interviewed from September 2014 to September 2015. Three decisive factors resulted from multivariate analysis regarding a participant’s decision to exclusively breastfeed: age (27.3 years or younger); deciding about feeding method before pregnancy; and believing that exclusively breastfeeding is best for an infant’s growth and development. Overall, 95% of Latina mothers made their decision regarding their infant’s nutrition before delivery. Newborn nurseries have trended toward the allocation of substantial resources to the mission of enhancing the likelihood of breastfeeding initiation and success in the newborn period. Perhaps a reallocation of some of these resources for educational interventions earlier in pregnancy should be considered.
Girls Behaving Badly? Race, Gender, and Subjective Evaluation in the Discipline of African American Girls
Authors: Morris Edward W. , Perry Brea L.
Published: February 2017

School disciplinary processes are an important mechanism of inequality in education. Most prior research in this area focuses on the significantly higher rates of punishment among African American boys, but in this article, we turn our attention to the discipline of African American girls. Using advanced multilevel models and a longitudinal data set of detailed school discipline records, we analyze interactions between race and gender on office referrals. The results show troubling and significant disparities in the punishment of African American girls. Controlling for background variables, black girls are three times more likely than white girls to receive an office referral; this difference is substantially wider than the gap between black boys and white boys. Moreover, black girls receive disproportionate referrals for infractions such as disruptive behavior, dress code violations, disobedience, and aggressive behavior. We argue that these infractions are subjective and influenced by gendered interpretations. Using the framework of intersectionality, we propose that school discipline penalizes African American girls for behaviors perceived to transgress normative standards of femininity.
Segregation, mobility and encounters in Jerusalem: The role of public transport infrastructure in connecting the ‘divided city’
Authors: Rokem Jonathan , Vaughan Laura
Published: February 2017

This paper assesses ways in which urban segregation is shaped and transformed by Jerusalem’s public transport network, enhancing mobility and potential group encounters. We suggest that segregation should be understood as an issue of mobility and co-presence in public space, rather than the static residential-based segregation that continues to be a central focus of debate in urban studies. We explore public transport infrastructures, considering how their implementation reflects the variety of ways that transport can have impact: segmenting populations, linking populations and/or creating spaces for interaction or conflict between the city’s Jewish Israeli and Arab Palestinian populations. Space syntax network analysis suggests that in the case of Jerusalem, access to public transport is multi-dimensional: as well as providing access to resources, it shapes opportunities for spatial mobility that may either overcome or reinforce area-based housing segregation. We discuss these opportunities in the light of Jerusalem’s on-going ethno-national division in an increasingly fractured urban reality.
The Impact of Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation on Depressive Symptoms in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Mohammadi-Kalaveh Shirin , Toulabi Tahereh , Hasanvand Shirin , Gholami Mohammad , Ghasemi Fatemeh
Published: February 2017

Depressive symptom is the most frequent psychological problem reported among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients being treated by hemodialysis. This article evaluates the effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients and clarifies the role of nurses. This quasi-experimental study was done on 30 patients in the hemodialysis center (educational hospital) in 2013. Eight rehabilitation plans were conducted by nurses. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used before and after intervention. Our data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result of this study shows that there was a significant difference between mean depressive symptom score before (36.4 ± 10.9) and after (10.5 ± 3.1) rehabilitation ( p < .001). It is recommended that rehabilitation program be implemented in all hemodialysis centers with the participation of specialists in different fields.
Globalization and inequality
Authors: Khondker Habibul Haque
Published: February 2017

This review essay discusses works of a leading sociologist and a leading economist on the subject of inequality and globalization. The books raise fresh ideas of inequality in the context of globalization by raising questions on the relationship between globalization and inequality throughout history. Although Therborn raises some fundamental questions about inequality, problematizes the concept, and broadens the discussion by adding multiple dimensions to it, Bourguignon’s study deepens our understanding of the problem of inequality by presenting the paradox of its linkage with globalization, which in the last century reduced international inequality while it widened intranational inequality, and the two processes are interrelated. Bourguignon suggests that the growing intranational inequality that threatens economic, political, and social stability can be overcome by concerted efforts of the states. Therborn pins his hope in the rising middle class across the world and their solidarity, which could create a more egalitarian society.
Investigation of impulsivity in binge-eating rats in a delay-discounting task and its prevention by the d-amphetamine prodrug, lisdexamfetamine
Authors: Vickers Steven P , Goddard Simon , Brammer Richard J , Hutson Peter H , Heal David J
Published: February 2017

Freely-fed, female, rats were trained in a two-lever, delay-discounting task: one lever delivered a single chocolate-flavoured pellet immediately and the other a three-pellet reward after increasing delay (0, 4, 8, 16, 32 s). Rats were divided into two groups (i.e. binge-eating rats given irregular, limited access to chocolate in addition to normal chow and controls maintained on normal chow). Both groups exhibited increased preference for the immediate reward as the delay interval was lengthened. The discounting rate was significantly greater in binge-eating rats than non-binge-eating controls, especially as the behaviour became more established indicating that increased impulsivity and intolerance of delayed reward are part of the psychopathology of binge-eating. Lisdexamfetamine (0.8 mg/kg, orally ( d-amphetamine base)) reversed the reduced preference of binge-eating rats for larger rewards at delay intervals of 4 s, 8 s and 32 s and across all sessions. Lisdexamfetamine-treated binge-eating rats consumed the same number of pellets as vehicle-treated, binge-eating rats and non-binge-eating controls eliminating the possibility lisdexamfetamine’s actions on appetite or satiety mediated its effects on operant responding for food pellets in delay-discounting. In summary, binge-eating rats showed increased impulsive choice compared with non-binge-eating controls that was reversed by lisdexamfetamine, complementing results showing lisdexamfetamine reduced impulsiveness scores in patients with binge-eating disorder.
Structured learning for spoken language understanding in human-robot interaction
Authors: Bastianelli Emanuele , Castellucci Giuseppe , Croce Danilo , Basili Roberto , Nardi Daniele
Published: February 2017

Robots are slowly becoming a part of everyday life, being marketed for commercial applications such as telepresence, cleaning or entertainment. Thus, the ability to interact via natural language with non-expert users is becoming a key requirement. Even if user utterances can be efficiently recognized and transcribed by automatic speech recognition systems, several issues arise in translating them into suitable robotic actions and most of the existing solutions are strictly related to a specific scenario. In this paper, we present an approach to the design of natural language interfaces for human robot interaction, to translate spoken commands into computational structures that enable the robot to execute the intended request. The proposed solution is achieved by combining a general theory of language semantics, i.e. frame semantics, with state-of-the-art methods for robust spoken language understanding, based on structured learning algorithms. The adopted data driven paradigm allows the development of a fully functional natural language processing chain, that can be initialized by re-using available linguistic tools and resources. In addition, it can be also specialized by providing small sets of examples representative of a target newer domain. A systematic benchmarking resource, in terms of a rich and multi-layered spoken corpus has also been created and it has been used to evaluate the natural language processing chain. Our results show that our processing chain, trained with generic resources, provides a solid baseline for command understanding in a service robot domain. Moreover, when domain-dependent resources are provided to the system, the accuracy of the achieved interpretation always improves.
The abolition of all privilege: Race, equality, and freedom in the work of Anténor Firmin
Authors: Beckett Greg
Published: February 2017

Anthropology has done much to challenge the idea of the natural inferiority of races, but at times this challenge has ignored the problem of racism. This article explores an important but largely ignored foundational text about race and equality written by Anténor Firmin, a Haitian intellectual who in 1885 set out to critique the categories and concepts of nineteenth-century French anthropology. I show how Firmin’s critique of race thinking and the doctrine of racial inequality were rooted in a broader critique of colonialism, racism, and inherited privilege. Drawing on Firmin’s argument that the end of racism would facilitate the abolition of all privilege, I suggest ways in which the discipline of anthropology might build on his critique to develop a more powerful response to the reemergence of ideas of innate difference and inequality.
Preparation and performance of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites reinforced with red pottery clay
Authors: Li Qingde , Gao Xun , Cheng Wanli , Han Guangping , Han Jiye
Published: February 2017

In this study, by preparing red pottery clay according to unearthed red pottery clay pieces and using red pottery clay to reinforce high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites, the effects of the amount of red pottery clay on the properties of the fabricated wood–plastic composites were investigated. The results indicated that when the amount of red pottery clay increased, flexural strength and impact strength of the composite initially increased and then decreased; flexural modulus increased and tensile strength and elongation at break decreased. The cone calorimeter tests studied the effects of red pottery clay on the flame retardant and smoke suppressant behaviors of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites. Red pottery clay formed a ceramic structure on the surface and inside high-density polyethylene, thus preventing high-density polyethylene from interacting with oxygen and increasing the amount of available carbon. As a result, the flame retardant properties of wood–plastic composites were improved due to the addition of red pottery clay. A comprehensive evaluation of the properties of high-density polyethylene-based wood–plastic composites reinforced with red pottery clay showed that addition of 5% of red pottery clay resulted in the most optimal mechanical properties: the addition of red pottery clay improved the density of the composite, decreased the shrinkage rate, and enhanced the flame retardant properties.
Development of a high-performance poly(ether ether ketone) copolymer with extremely low melt viscosity
Authors: Li Yunxi , Zhao Yunping , Liu Tao , Yue Xigui , Jiang Zhenhua
Published: February 2017

The conventional poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and two other PEEK copolymers (PEEEKK-PEK and PEEEKK-PEEEK) were successfully synthesized and investigated on their thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, and rheological behaviors. Both of the PEEEKK-PEK and PEEEKK-PEEEK were composed of the same chemical components with conventional PEEK (phenyl–ether–ketone equals 3:2:1), but the sequences of their components (phenyl, ether, and ketone) were different. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis indicate that PEEEKK-PEK and PEEEKK-PEEEK have extremely close glass transition temperatures and melting points with conventional PEEK, which suggests their similar operating temperatures. They also process similarly high mechanical properties based on their stress–strain tests. However, PEEEKK-PEK, PEEEKK-PEEEK, and PEEK exhibit significant differences in their rheological behaviors; PEEEKK-PEK even shows an excessively low melt viscosity (51% of PEEK). These results reveal the effects of sequence distribution on polymer properties and thereby demonstrate the processing viscosity of PEEK could be decreased without sacrificing its operating temperature or material performances.
Experimental and numerical investigations of hole injection on the suction side throat of transonic turbine vanes in a cascade with trailing edge injection
Authors: Gao Jie , Wei Ming , Liu Yunning , Zheng Qun , Dong Ping
Published: February 2017

Trailing-edge mixing flows associated with coolant injection are complex, in particular at transonic flows, and result in significant aerodynamics losses. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impacts of hole injection near the suction side throat on shock wave control and aerodynamic losses. A series of tests and calculations on effects of hole injection on the suction-side throat of a high-pressure turbine vane cascade with and without trailing-edge injection were conducted. Wake traverses with a five-hole probe and tests of pressure distributions on the turbine profile were taken for total injection mass flow ratios of 0% and 1.2% under test Mach numbers of 0.7, 0.78, and 0.87. Meantime, numerical predictions are carried out for exit isentropic Mach numbers of 0.7, 0.78, 0.87, and 1.1 and hole-injection mass flow ratios of 0%, 0.17%, 0.3%, and 0.89%. Numerical predictions show a reasonable agreement with the experimental data, and wake total pressure losses and flow angles as well as pressure distributions on the turbine profile were compared to calculations without hole injection, indicating a significant effect of hole injection on the profile wake development and its blockage effect on the shock-wave flow in the vane cascade passage. At subsonic flows, the hole injection on the suction side throat thickens the suction-side boundary layer, and increases the flow mixing, thus causing increased wake losses and flow angles. At transonic flows, while the trailing-edge injection reduces the strength of the shock wave at the trailing-edge pressure side, the hole injection on the suction side throat alters the local pressure fields, and then tends to enhance the shock-wave at the trailing-edge pressure-side; however, it seems to reduce the strength of the shock-wave at the trailing-edge suction side.
Crisis and change in industrial relations in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Soulsby Anna , Hollinshead Graham , Steger Thomas
Published: February 2017

This article introduces the Special Issue on industrial relations in Central and Eastern Europe since the financial and economic crisis. Already dependent economically on funding from the west and lacking the robust industrial relations institutions traditional in much of Western Europe, countries in the region were particularly vulnerable. However, there are important cross-national differences, and the strategies of key actors have significantly affected the outcomes.
Discrete singular convolution and spectral finite element method for predicting electromechanical impedance applied on rectangular plates
Authors: Sepehry Naserodin , Bakhtiari-Nejad Firooz , Shamshirsaz Mahnaz
Published: February 2017

The impedance-based structural health monitoring using piezoelectric wafer-active sensor has been increasingly developed for aerospace, civil, and mechanical structures. Using electromechanical coupling effects of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor, impedance of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor can detect any change in a structure. Piezoelectric wafer-active sensor is embedded and bounded to the structure in order to monitor the structure in a preferred frequency range. This article presented a general model to predict the impedance of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor bounded to a plate structure and also developed a general model for the influence of interaction of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor and plate on the structural response in impedance-based structural health monitoring. To obtain equations of vibrations, in the first step, potential and kinetic energies of fully free Kirchhoff and Mindlin plates with piezoelectric wafer-active sensor are derived. Numerical solutions for structural vibration of the plate developed using discrete singular convolution methods and applied based on Rayleigh–Ritz method in very high frequencies. After calculating mass and stiffness matrices of structure and piezoelectric wafer-active sensor, impedance of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor was determined using piezoelectric constitutive equations. Also, a three-dimensional spectral finite element method was used to model impedance of plate. An experimental setup was used for modal analysis to obtain low natural frequencies and calculate the impedance of piezoelectric wafer-active sensor in high frequencies. Finally, the comparison of numerical results of three-dimensional spectral element method and experimental results verified this model.
Managing Change Toward Environmental Sustainability: A Conceptual Model in Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Wiesner Retha , Chadee Doren , Best Peter
Published: February 2017

This article aims to develop a model for managing change toward environmental sustainability (ES) within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by investigating the main ES change management actions evident from the ES journeys of SME ES champions. Using in-depth face-to-face interviews, the article draws from the ES change management experiences of a sample of 12 ES champions from the SME sector, as well as secondary organization–specific data. A multicase design was adopted to develop the proposed model. A thematic content analysis identified 10 main change management actions along with a number of associated actions. The findings provide an empirically developed ES change management model and practical managerial ES change management guidelines to SMEs embarking on an ES journey.
City as Lens
Authors: Fraser Alistair , Batchelor Susan , Li Leona Ngai Ling , Whittaker Lisa
Published: February 2017

In recent years, a paradox has emerged in the study of youth. On the one hand, in the context of the processes of globalization, neoliberalism and precarity, the patterning of leisure and work for young people is becoming increasingly convergent across time and space. On the other hand, it is clear that young people’s habits and dispositions remain deeply tied to local places, with global processes filtered and refracted through specific cultural contexts. Against this backdrop, drawing on an Economic and Social Research Council/Research Grants Council (ESRC/RGC)-funded study of contemporary youth in Glasgow and Hong Kong, this article seeks to explore the role of the city as a mediating lens between global forces and local impacts. Utilizing both historical and contemporary data, the article argues that despite parallels in the impact of global forces on the structure of everyday life and work, young people’s leisure habits remain rooted in the fates and fortunes of their respective cities.
Let’s Talk Politics
Authors: Claes Ellen , Maurissen Lies , Havermans Nele
Published: February 2017

Deliberative democratic theory puts discussions at the centre of democracy. Schools are places where young people can practise such discussions. In this article, we argue that these perceptions of deliberation in class are differential for different young people. Individual student characteristics matter when making schools successful in creating an ‘open discussion climate’. Using the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2009, we find that gender, self-efficacy and socio-economic background have an impact on the perception of such a climate. If students evaluate discussion opportunities differently based on background characteristics, alternate strategies should be developed to get everyone to deliberate. Future research looking into the quality of discussions should take this into account, as boys or students with a lower SES (socio-economic status) might need extra stimulation to perceive the classroom as a place to discuss public matters. Also, schools and policymakers should be aware when deciding which civic education strategy should be followed to obtain the desired results.
Wellness among African-American and Caucasian students attending a predominantly White institution
Authors: Oliver Michael D , Datta Subimal , Baldwin Debora R
Published: February 2017

The wellness movement is growing on college campuses; however, the examination of race is lacking. We examined aspects of physical and emotional well-being as a function of race in 197 college students at a predominantly White institution. Results revealed racial differences on diet, F(1, 196) = 7.537, p = 0.007 and resilient coping, F(1, 196) = 8.614, p = 0.004. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed that the association between stress and coping was moderated by race ( F(1, 196) = 8.196, p = 0.005), demonstrating that Whites and Blacks experience and cope with stressors in differing ways. Findings of this study suggest that race is an influential factor of wellness and subsequent well-being in college students.
Journalistic professionalism in Iceland: A framework for analysis and an assessment
Authors: Guðmundsson Birgir , Kristinsson Sigurður
Published: February 2017

This article assesses the state of journalistic professionalism in Iceland, and puts it in the context of international trends. Based on six key aspects of the image of professionalism in conjunction with a classification of professionalism into two types – occupational and organizational – a framework is suggested for understanding the status and development of journalism with respect to its aspirations and discourse concerning professionalism. The case of Icelandic journalism is examined through this approach. The occupational group of Icelandic journalists is faced with an on-going negotiation between occupational/internal professionalism and organizational/external professionalism and it is found that occupational professionalism is struggling in Icelandic journalism while the characteristics of organizational professionalism grow stronger, in part because of commercialization and technological change.
Keeping It Real: The Impact of HRD Internships on the Development of HRD Professionals
Authors: Sawyer Katina
Published: February 2017

The Problem

Participation in internships may provide undergraduate human resource development (HRD) students with practical experience necessary to be successful in the field. However, research is lacking which examines the impact of HRD internship experiences on professional development and career trajectories. Research is also limited which provides guidance on how to distinguish which undergraduate internships may be most valuable. The features which make internships most effective in preparing students for their chosen careers warrant further examination, specifically within HRD. Relatedly, it is important to understand which internship experiences are most likely to develop HRD competencies for undergraduate students.

The Solution

Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from HRD professionals who had participated in an HRD internship while they were undergraduate students. These data were analyzed, using qualitative and quantitative methods, to better understand the structure and focus of student HRD internships. Specifically, while the data are preliminary, this study generated insights regarding the extent to which effective internships were able to promote the development of key HRD skillsets, and which skillsets were most likely to be enhanced.

The Stakeholders

Using the results of this analysis, educational institutions can better understand how to locate effective internships for students. In addition, students can utilize these data to better recognize valuable internship experiences in the future.
Novice Interpretations of Progress Monitoring Graphs: Extreme Values and Graphical Aids
Authors: Newell Kirsten W. , Christ Theodore J.
Published: February 2017

Curriculum-Based Measurement of Reading (CBM-R) is frequently used to monitor instructional effects and evaluate response to instruction. Educators often view the data graphically on a time-series graph that might include a variety of statistical and visual aids, which are intended to facilitate the interpretation. This study evaluated the effects of brief training, graphical aids, and presence of extreme/outlier values on accuracy. Novice visual analysts ( N = 173) were randomly assigned to a training condition: control, trend line calculation, or extreme value identification. All participants interpreted graphical displays of progress monitoring data with and without trend lines and extreme values. Novice visual analysts’ performance on a knowledge test was uniformly high. Results indicate that the overall probability of an accurate response was .80, which improved to a maximum of .94 within the condition with trend lines and no extreme values. Specifically, results indicate that even in the presence of extreme values, trend lines facilitate novice visual analysts’ accuracy.
A study on query terms proximity embedding for information retrieval
Authors: Qiao Ya-nan , Du Qinghe , Wan Di-fang
Published: February 2017

Information retrieval is applied widely to models and algorithms in wireless networks for cyber-physical systems. Query terms proximity has proved that it is a very useful information to improve the performance of information retrieval systems. Query terms proximity cannot retrieve documents independently, and it must be incorporated into original information retrieval models. This article proposes the concept of query term proximity embedding, which is a new method to incorporate query term proximity into original information retrieval models. Moreover, term-field-convolutions frequency framework, which is an implementation of query term proximity embedding, is proposed in this article, and experimental results show that this framework can improve the performance effectively compared with traditional proximity retrieval models.
A hemorrhagic complication after Onyx embolization of a tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula: A caution about subdural extension with pial arterial supply
Authors: Sato Kenichi , Matsumoto Yasushi , Endo Hidenori , Tominaga Teiji
Published: February 2017

We report a case of tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) with a severe intracranial hemorrhage occurring after Onyx embolization. A 40-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic tentorial DAVF on angiography. Transarterial embolization with Onyx was performed via the middle meningeal artery, and the cast filled the fistula itself and its proximal draining vein. Postoperative angiography confirmed complete occlusion of the DAVF. A computed tomography scan performed immediately after the procedure demonstrated an acute subdural hematoma with the temporal hemorrhage. Emergency craniotomy revealed continuous arterial bleeding from a viable glomus-like vascular structure around the proximal part of the embolized draining vein, fed by a pial artery arising from the posterior cerebral artery. Pathologic findings suggested diagnosis of vascular malformation extending into the subdural space. Tentorial DAVFs can extend to the subdural space along their drainage route, and may be involved in severe hemorrhagic complications of curative endovascular treatment using Onyx, particularly those with pial arterial supply.
Enduring injustice: Memory politics and Namibia’s genocide reparations movement
Authors: Hamrick Ellie , Duschinski Haley
Published: February 2017

This article examines post-colonial memory politics in contemporary Namibia. It analyzes the ways in which ethnic Nama and Herero genocide reparations activists struggle to include Germany’s colonial-era genocide of their communities in the national narrative of the contemporary Namibian state. In this article, we explore the extent to which the dominant political party, SWAPO, defines the state through the production of a hegemonic narrative about the Namibian past. We examine how this political context shapes the reparations movement’s strategies and tactics, with attention to how different activist groups position themselves and their historical narratives with respect to the state. We then consider the importance of memorialization for the reparations movement and the multiplicity of meanings associated with state monuments. By highlighting the importance of memory for reparations activists, the article examines the way in which reparations claims shape and are shaped by the politics of memory production in the post-apartheid memory state.
Going global and local control: Reflections on research directions on media policy in East Asia
Authors: Lim Lorraine
Published: February 2017

This article provides a brief look at the impact of digital technology on countries in Asia in relation to the media industry. It then examines the implications of digital technology and the policing of media within the countries of Singapore and China, which have sought to connect to the global economy via its investment in digital technology yet still attempt to maintain some form of control of access to certain digital content on its citizenry. The article concludes with potential directions in which researchers can contribute to the ongoing debate about the impact of the ‘global’ on media and its impact on nation states.
Value Co-creation in Consumer-intensive Service Encounters: A Dyadic Perspective
Authors: Perera B. Yasanthi , Albinsson Pia A. , Shows G. David
Published: February 2017

Service-dominant (S-D) logic stresses the development of core competencies through shared participation of both the consumer and the producer in value creation. This article examines value co-creation in personal training, an extended consumer-intensive service. Based on in-depth interviews with personal trainers and clients, we explicate value co-creation in a fitness context from a dyadic perspective. We find that mutual understanding reached through negotiation between the client and provider regarding fitness and fitness goals enhances value creation and contributes to ultimate goal attainment.
Optimized depletion of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in murine xenograft models of human acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tasian Sarah K. , Kenderian Saad S. , Shen Feng , Ruella Marco , Shestova Olga , Kozlowski Miroslaw , Li Yong , Schrank-Hacker April , Morrissette Jennifer J. D. , Carroll Martin , June Carl H. , Grupp Stephan A. , Gill Saar
Published: February 2017

Key Points

Depletion of CD123-redirected CAR T cells with monoclonal antibodies preserves leukemia remission in human AML xenograft models. AML CAR T-cell depletion enhances feasibility of subsequent allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Safety of Large-Volume, Same-Day Oral Bowel Preparations During Deep Sedation: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Tandon Kanwarpreet , Khalil Charl , Castro Fernando , Schneider Alison , Mohameden Mosaab , Hakim Seifeldin , Shah Kinchit , To Chau , O’Rourke Colin , Jacobs Jeffrey
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND:

Colonoscopy quality is directly related to the bowel preparation. It is well established that bowel preparations are improved when at least part of the laxative is ingested on the day of the procedure. However, there is concern that this can result in higher gastric residual volumes (GRV) and increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration. The aim of this study is to evaluate GRV and gastric pH in patients who received day-before bowel preparation versus those ingesting their laxative on the day of colonoscopy under anesthesiologist-directed propofol deep sedation.

METHODS:

This is a prospective observational study for patients undergoing same-day upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. All included patients had large-volume polyethylene glycol lavage preparation and received propofol sedation. Gastric fluid was collected during the upper endoscopy for volume and pH measurement.

RESULTS:

The study included 428 patients with 56% receiving same-day laxative preparation and the remainder evening-before preparation. Mean ± SD GRV was 18.1 ± 10.2 mL, 16.3 ± 16.5 mL in each of these preparation groups, respectively (P = .69). GRV ≥ 25 mL or higher than expected GRV adjusted by weight (0.4 mL/kg) were also not different among the study groups (P = .90 and P = .87, respectively). Evaluating GRV based on time since last ingestion of preparation (3–5, 5–7, >7 hours) did not result in any differences (P = .56). Gastric pH was also similar between the bowel preparation groups (P = .23), with mean ± SD of 2.5 ± 1.4 for evening-before and 2.5 ± 1.3 for the same-day preparation. There were more inadequate bowel preparations in day before bowel preparations (P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

A large-volume bowel preparation regimen finished on the day of colonoscopy as close as 3 hours before the procedure results in no increase in GRV or decrease in gastric pH.
A Randomized Crossover Study Comparing Cervical Spine Motion During Intubation Between Two Lightwand Intubation Techniques in Patients With Simulated Cervical Immobilization: Laryngoscope-Assisted Versus Conventional Lightwand Intubation
Authors: Kim Tae Kyong , Son Je-Do , Seo Hyungseok , Lee Yun-Seok , Bae Jinyoung , Park Hee-Pyoung
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND:

In patients with cervical immobilization, jaw thrust can cause cervical spine movement. Concurrent use of a laryngoscope may facilitate lightwand intubation, allowing midline placement and free movement of the lightwand in the oral cavity without jaw thrust. We compared the effects of laryngoscope-assisted lightwand intubation (LALI) versus conventional lightwand intubation (CLI) on cervical spine motion during intubation in patients with simulated cervical immobilization.

METHODS:

In this randomized crossover study, the cervical spine angle was measured before and during intubation at the occiput-C1, C1-C2, and C2-C5 segments in 20 patients with simulated cervical immobilization who underwent intubation using both the LALI and CLI techniques. Cervical spine motion was defined as the change from baseline in angle measured at each cervical segment during intubation.

RESULTS:

Cervical spine motion at the occiput-C1 segment was 5.6° (4.3) and 9.3° (4.5) when we used the LALI and CLI techniques, respectively (mean difference [98.33% CI]; −3.8° [−7.2 to −0.3]; P = .007). At other cervical segments, it was not significantly different between the 2 techniques (−0.1° [−2.6 to 2.5]; P = .911 in the C1-C2 segment and −0.2° [−2.8 to 2.5]; P = .795 in the C2-C5 segment).

CONCLUSIONS:

The LALI technique produces less upper cervical spine motion during intubation than the CLI technique in patients with simulated cervical immobilization.