bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Intangible Ethnocultural Heritage in the Electronic Environment
Authors: Zhabko E. D.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the issues of preserving and updating the ethnocultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation within the framework of the activities of museums, houses of folk art, higher educational institutions, academic research institutes. Institutions for which the preservation of cultural heritage is not the main essential activity, but has recently been actively developing, are characterized. These are federal and national universities and research institutes of the Russian academy of sciences. Universities integrate successfully knowledge related to intangible cultural heritage into educational programs. Research institutes have become reference bases in their regions in the study and preservation of national languages as objects of intangible cultural heritage, national literature and ethnography. The prospects for such activities of libraries are considered, a new role of which is given in the Federal Law N 402-FL “On the intangible ethnocultural property of the Russian Federation”. The possibility of digitizing and forming digital collections of objects of intangible cultural heritage recorded in the form of texts and static images in libraries, as well as information objects existing in the form of temporary representation (recording of musical works, dances, folklore) has been identified. Particular attention in digitization in libraries should be paid to funds on national languages, collections of audio recordings of folk music and ethnographic collections. Examples of the practice of presenting intangible ethnocultural heritage on federal and regional portals/sites are given.
Media Reports as a Source of Information for Creating Advisory Bibliographic Resources for the Development of Scientific Worldview
Authors: Yuklyaevskaya A. V.
Published: October 2024

Dissemination and updating advisory bibliographic resources on scientific knowledge, promoting a deep understanding of scientific problems by the public are becoming most important tasks of the library. The purpose of the article is to show the possibility of using messages from the mass media as one of the sources for creating such bibliographic resources. The author presents the results of monitoring 146 Russian media using the Medialogy database (69 federal, 77 regional), conducted in March – April 2023. These analyzed media reports have allowed the identification of objects (organizations, persons, project names) involved in the communication of science and society. As a result of the study, a list of 334 messages served as the most notable informational occasions has been formed. These messages can be the objects of bibliographic description, as well as factual information for creation advisory bibliographic resources (lists, reviews, newsletters, digests, databases, guidebooks) aimed at increasing public awareness of the development of science and disseminating scientific literacy.
Book Competitions in Siberia and the Far East in the 1990–2020s
Authors: Alshevskaya O. N. , Androsova N. S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to present the results of the book competition movement in Siberia and the Far East in the last three decades, to identify the trends of its evolution, to determine problems and prospects.

The research methodology bases on a combination of formal-logical and comparative-historical methods with the analysis of data from various sources. The forms of competitions are identified: universal and special. It has been determined that either only local publications, or also books published in other regions, can participate in competitions. Long-term (“Book of the Year of the Republic of Buryatia” (Ulan-Ude, since 1997), “Best Book of the Year” (Vladivostok, since 1997), “Best Book of Altai” (Barnaul, since 2006)) and recently emerged regional projects are characterized. The authors have analyzed the contribution to the organization of competitive projects made by regional authorities, libraries, educational institutions, public organizations, etc. The most common nominations of universal competitions and specialized topics have been determined. Attention is focused on the importance of an integrated and systematic approach to transforming festivals into a full-cycle creative system. It has been stated that, in general, expert-competitive activities have a multifaceted, multifactorial impact on the sociocultural landscape of the region, contributing to strengthening and development of the beneficial influence of the book on the aesthetic, moral and legal consciousness of the society.
Book Culture Ecology: Looking for a Concept
Authors: Sokovikov S. S. , Askarova V. Ya.
Published: October 2024

The authors have attempted to comprehend the ecological component of book culture, its importance for social development and evolution of human needs. This problem updating is closely connected with the modern state of book culture, characterized by minimization of state management, absolutist commercial approach, appearance of the great amount of players on the book market, multiformity of book products and modes of their advancement, transformation and re-estimation of activities of institutes of reading infrastructure, etc. It demands, according to our viewpoint, re-comprehension of the book culture state, inclusion of ecological criteria into its functioning, which presupposes, most of all, social attention to its various manifestations due to their correspondence to humanist values and national interests. The aim of the article is to reveal and justify the “book culture ecology” concept.

The formation of ideas about this concept was ­carried out in the context of the paradigm of cultural ecology through clarification of its content and main vector directions. The article justifies the importance of book culture and considers different approaches to its treatment. It is shown that the eco-cultural aspects of book culture are an organic embodiment of its static and dynamic characteristics. In the progress of the study, the authors used terminological and operational analysis as well as structuralfunctional approach. Eco-cultural approach to different phenomena of book culture defines ethical norms of functioning of book-publishing industry different actors, determines their most important for the society principles of activity. Moreover, the study has defined difficulties of developing book culture ecological compatibility criteria. The result of the analysis has manifested itself in the generalized definition of the concept under study.
Unpublished Sources in the Archive of the Samizdat and Non-traditional Printing Sector of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Shatovkin V. V.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the article is to present the structure of the common archive of the Samizdat and Non-traditional Printing Sector of the Laboratory of Book Studies of SPSTL SB RAS formation on the ­example of the main storage units – personal collections of writers, artists, cultural figures and musicians. It provides classification of the existing unpublished sources in the sector’s collections, analyzes authorial materials, dedications, autographs, drawings and markings, mentions of the alternative printing process authors and participants in periodicals and correspondence. The article describes the sources of samizdat and non-traditional printing, existing in the sector, reveals the content of the main thematic directions. It characterizes archival units on the examples of alternative book publishing, various forms of samizdat, ephemera, ego-documents, fragments of personal libraries, examples of periodical printing. It also offers the classification of personal collections based on temporal periodization, thematic and territorial characteristics. The analysis of the content of the presented sources bases on the personal collections of M. Baturin, I. Akhmetiev, V. Ivaniv, O. Volov, E. Shurygin, E. Iordansky, A. Chekanov, as well as various unofficial creative communities and groups. Special attention is paid to the formation of communication chains and links between authors in the informal cultural environment, in the field of samizdat and alternative book publishing from the 1960s to the 2010s that clarifies the criteria of such ties.
Troitskosavsk Public Library Visitors’ Reading Fiction in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Timofeeva Yu. V.
Published: October 2024

Lack of comprehensive records on the history of reading in Siberian cities’ libraries, scanty and brief references to reading fiction by the Troitskosavsk Public Library visitors condition the novelty of the declared topic. The purpose of the article is to determine the place of fiction in the reading circle of the Troitskosavsk Public Library visitors in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Methods of comparative analysis, statistical and source study became the main ones when exploring the topic. The source base of the study was 18 reports about the work of the library for 23 years (1887–1909), starting from the time of its foundation, and 2 catalogs revealing its collections.

For the first time, the share of fiction in the issuance of publications from the library to the house, in general and without periodicals, was calculated. The obtained data reveal that fiction was the main object of readers’ demands. Calculations were made of the total number of issues of books of individual writers and poets for 15 years (1895–1909) and the average per year, basing on which the top 20 of the most popular of domestic and foreign authors within the library visitors were compiled. The first three places in the ranking of Russian writers were taken by L. N. Tolstoy, V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, A. K. Sheller-Mikhailov, foreign – M. Reed, J. Verne, G. Emar. Readers gave clear preference to prose works. The works of Russian authors were more often in the library visitors’ demand than foreign ones.

The study complements the information already introduced into scientific circulation about reading fiction in pre-revolutionary Siberia, its place in the reading circle of Siberians and their popular authors.
Soviet Library Policy on the Organization of Interaction between Science and Society in the 1920s–1930s
Authors: Pleshkevich E. A.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of the historical experience of forming the educational Soviet state library policy in the 1920s and 1930s and determination of the possibilities of its modern use. It is shown that the basis of this policy were the views of the domestic revolutionary democrats on science and its popularization, as well as V. I. Lenin’s ideas about the political education of the working class and the development of its political consciousness. It is noted that the library educational policy began to be formed within the framework of the educational concept of librarianship as a form of extracurricular education and political propaganda in the late XIX – early XX century, however, the political and organizational conditions for its implementation developed only in Soviet times. The main motive for the formation of the Soviet educational policy was the need to prepare workers and peasants for participation in public administration throughout the power vertical, the fight against the church, as well as improving workers and peasants’ technical and agricultural literacy. Propaganda became the main form of interaction as the most concentrated expression of political, scientific and technical education. These political and pedagogical principles are disclosed and conclusions are drawn about the prospects of using the experience of those years when forming modern library policy on the organization of interaction between science and society. The main achievements and shortcomings are analyzed. The experience of the 1920s and 1930s shows that such policy will become successful if keeping to the following conditions: 1) the library policy in this direction being an integral part of the national educational and scientific policy; 2) the organized management of educational and scientific reading; 3) library impact should have an active character; 4) principles of modern educational library policy are modernized taking into account the achievements of pedagogical science in the field of enlightenment, sociology of reading, information culture and popularization of science.
Availability of Library Services in the Russian Federation: Monitoring Results of the National Library of Russia
Authors: Rykova V. V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents an analysis of statistical data of the National Library of Russia (NLR) monitoring, characterizing the availability of library services in the Russian Federation. It names factors influencing the accessibility of library services: a developed network of out-of-station and mobile service points, provision of transport vehicles, optimal operating hours of libraries, accessibility of library premises (accessible environment) for people with disabilities (HH) and inclusive library space, developed digital library infrastructure providing services to readers remotely. Since the huge volume of statistical data makes it impossible to consider all aspects of the accessibility of Russian libraries within the framework of the article, its objective is to give a comparative analysis of some of them (coverage of the population of the Russian Federation with library services, the number of people per a public library, distribution of non-stationary service points across Russian regions, provision networks of public libraries by transport, operating hours of library institutions and reduced work schedules of specialists and their variations in frames of the RF subjects). The work states that the availability of library services to the population is a condition for ensuring the quality of the population life. The problems of accessibility of Russian library services could be solved by modernizing the network of municipal libraries, improving the transport and digital infrastructure and organizing the comfortable library space to all categories of citizens. The materials can be used by regional departments of culture when planning the modernization of library institutions’ network.
The Great Patriotic War in the Diary Entries of Siberians: the Analysis of Ego-Document Corpus
Authors: Mandrinina L. A.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to characterize the documentary stream (DS) of front-line diaries publications of Siberians – participants in the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945). The article shows the place of diaries in source studies and the importance of diary entries for the study of anthropological content and “psychology of war”. It grounds the reasons for the paucity of front-line diaries in comparison with other types of egodocuments (memoirs, letters). For the first time, the documentary stream, consisting of 40 publications of diaries (and about diaries) of Siberians, was identified and completely studied: bibliometric indicators and content characteristics were presented; sites containing full texts of diaries (or their fragments) were identified and their significance was assessed; diaries storage locations were determined.

The studied DS provided information about the diaries of 28 Siberians – the ordinary war participants who, for the most part, had civilian professions in the peacetime. An assessment was given to the site “Prozhito”, realizing the project to collect full texts; the need to preserve full texts of diaries was grounded: to identify diaries stored in personal or family archives and transfer them (or copies of them) to state museums and archives; the importance of studying ego-documents about the Great Patriotic War for the goals of education and ­patriotic training was emphasized.
Deriving Fundamental Physics via Entropy Maximization Under Linear Constraints
Authors: Harvey-Tremblay Alexandre
Published: October 2024

We present a novel derivation of fundamental physical laws by solving a maximization problem on the Shannon entropy of all possible measurements relative to a system's initial state, subject to specific linear constraints. By introducing appropriate linear constraints, we create probability measures that adhere to particular underlying mathematical structures, enabling us to recover various physical theories within a unified framework. Specifically, imposing a U(1) group constraint leads to the emergence of quantum mechanics by incorporating complex probability amplitudes and interference effects. Extending this approach, we apply a Spinc(3,1) group constraint to derive a relativistic quantum theory that naturally includes Lorentz symmetry. Remarkably, in 3+1 dimensions, this method uniquely results in the metric tensor of general relativity through a double-copy mechanism applied to the Dirac current. Furthermore, it inherently incorporates the SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) gauge symmetries of the Standard Model, providing a unified description of fundamental interactions. These findings highlight the power of entropy maximization under linear constraints to reveal the deep connections between probability theory and the mathematical structures underlying fundamental physics, offering new insights into the emergence of spacetime dimensions and symmetry structures in our universe.
Bridging the Gap: Public Perception and Acceptance of Hydrogen Technology in the Philippines
Authors: Palanca Alvin Garcia , Chao Cherry Lyn V , Yap Kristian July R. , de Leon Rizalinda L.
Published: October 2024

The study examines the effects of transitioning to hydrogen production in the National Capital Region (NCR) and Palawan Province, Philippines, focusing on technology, environment, and stakeholder impact. The research, conducted through a July 2022 survey, aimed to assess public awareness, knowledge, risk perception, and acceptance of hydrogen and its environmentally friendly variant, green hydrogen, infrastructure. Disparities were found between urban NCR and rural Palawan, with lower awareness in Palawan. Safety concerns were highlighted, with NCR respondents generally considering hydrogen production safe, while Palawan respondents had mixed feelings, particularly regarding nuclear-based hydrogen generation. The report emphasizes the potential ecological advantages of hydrogen technology but highlights potential issues concerning water usage and land impacts. It suggests targeted public awareness campaigns, robust safety assurance programs, regional pilot projects, and integrated environmental plans to facilitate the seamless integration of hydrogen technology into the Philippines' energy portfolio. This collective effort aims to help the country meet climate action obligations, foster sustainable development, and enhance energy resilience.
Probabilities on a Heyting Algebra
Authors: Laedermann Jean-Pascal
Published: October 2024

Probability is initially defined on a Boolean algebra or a lattice of projectors. We propose here to start from a Heyting algebra.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of bHLH Gene Family in Hevea brasiliensis
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yuan Yuan , Rehman Fazal , Wang Xin , Wu Tingkai , Deng Zhi , Cheng Han
Published: October 2024

The basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factors play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, their identification and insight understanding in rubber trees remain largely uncovered. In this study, the bHLH gene family was explored and characterized in rubber trees using systematic bioinformatics approaches. In total, 180 bHLH genes were identified in the rubber tree genome, distributed unevenly across 18 chromosomes, and phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into 23 distinct subfamilies. Promoter regions revealed a high density of cis-elements responsive to light and hormones. Enrichment analysis indicated involvement in numerous biological processes, including growth, development, hormone responses, abiotic stress resistance, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Protein interaction network analysis identified extensive interactions between HbbHLH genes and other functional genes, forming key clusters related to iron homeostasis, plant growth, and stomatal development. Expression profiling of HbbHLH genes have demonstrated varied responses to endogenous and environmental changes. RT-qPCR of eleven HbbHLH genes in different tissues and under ethylene, jasmonic acid, and cold treatments revealed tissue-specific expression patterns and significant responses to these stimuli, highlighting the roles of these genes in hormone and cold stress responses. These findings establish a framework for exploring the molecular functions of bHLH transcription factors in rubber trees.
The Relationship between Circulating Zonulin Levels and Renal Functions, Systemic Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5 Not on Dialysis
Authors: Kirik Ali , Toprak Omer , Sen Hacer , Uysal Saliha , Kocyigit Suleyman Emre , Bilgiçler İldeniz , Parlak Elif , Mutlu Tugcin , Bascı Ozge Kama
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Zonulin (Zo) is a molecule that has been identified as an intestinal permeability marker in recent years. It has been previously linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, but its role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Zo and systemic inflammation (SI), endothelial dysfunction (ED), and especially renal functions, in patients with CKD. Materials and Methods: One hundred sixty-three participants were enrolled in this study and were divided into two groups (patient and control), according to the presence of CKD. Results: A total of 104 patients with CKD (mean age: 58.9 ±1.4) and 59 control subjects (mean age: 59.0 ±1.1) were included, with similar age (p = 0.934) and gender (p = 0.196) between the groups. In the comparison analysis, plasma Zo levels in the CKD group (166.16 ± 53.54) were significantly higher than those in the control group (143.30 ± 60.92) (p < 0.001). In the correlation analysis, the serum Zo level showed a positive correlation with claudin-3 (r = 0.612, p < 0.001), IL-6 (r = 0.307, p < 0.001), and creatinine (r = 0.313, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = -0.320, p < 0.001) and TC (r = -0.074, p = 0.047). Additionally, according to a linear regression analysis, the Zo level was significantly associated with GFR after adjusting for age and SBP (β value = -0.918, p = 0.012). Conclusion: High serum Zo levels in patients with CKD reflected increased intestinal permeability and were associated with impaired renal function. Moreover, it was thought that Zo level could be associated with SI, but novel clinical studies are needed to elucidate its relationship with ED.
Synergizing Machine Learning and Remote Sensing for Urban Heat Island Dynamics: A Comprehensive Modelling Approach
Authors: Mutani Guglielmina , Scalise Alessandro , Sufa Xhoana , Grasso Stefania
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of sustainable urban regeneration projects in mitigating Urban Heat Island (UHI). A place-based approach utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrates spatial data and satellite imagery on the urban environment, human ac-tivity, demographics, and climate conditions, facilitating a deeper understanding of UHI dy-namics. Data-driven modelling with Machine Learning algorithms were developed to identify key variables influencing UHI effects, such as building density, greening extent, and surfaces’ albedo. A comparative pre- and post-intervention analysis in Turin (Italy), focusing on the Teksid ex-industrial area, was investigated. This analysis reveals a reduction in surface UHI intensity of -0.94 in summer and -0.54 in winter, highlighting the positive impact of mitigation strategies employed in the regeneration plan. The implications for urban and territorial policies were in-vestigated, focusing on urban planning tools for UHI mitigation. Specifically, the Local Climate Zones method was examined and compared with actual urban morphologies to find more effective and tailored solutions for policy makers and urban planners. The combined approach of geo-graphical and satellite information, Machine Learning models and Local Climate Zones joins quantitative and qualitative data, allowing to find more tailored, effective and alternative solu-tions in critical contexts such as the urban ones.
mirSNPs as Potential Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alves dos Santos Katiusse , Alves de Sousa Lourdes Maria Costa , de Souza Karla Simone Costa , Amigo Olalla Maroñas , Luchessi André Ducati , Silbiger Vivian Nogueira
Published: October 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common neoplasm in the world and the second with the highest mortality rate. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genes (mirSNPs) may be related to dysregulated miRNA expression in several neoplasms. This systematic review aims to investigate studies that investigate SNPs located in regions of miRNA genes that influence their expression and are associated with CRC, as well as their potential as biomarkers for the disease, based on the available literature. For this, searches were performed in public databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. The rigorous review of the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the methodological quality of the studies were assessed sing the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. Of the 175 studies identified, 26 were considered eligible: 18 of them highlighted mirSNPs as potential biomarkers of risk and prognosis for CRC; 4 studies suggested a protective role; 1 study linked mirSNPs to treatment; and 3 studies found no relevant evidence. These results highlight the need for further research on this topic, since these variants have the potential to serve as biomarkers and may be useful in assessing risk, prognosis, and developing therapeutic strategies for patients with CRC.
Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Authors: Mullagulova Aysilu , Timechko Elena , Solovyeva Valeriya , Yakimov Alexey , Ibrahim Ahmad , Dmitrenko Diana V. , Sufianov Albert , Sufianova Galina , Rizvanov Albert
Published: October 2024

Epilepsy is a brain disease characterized by a persistent predisposition to epileptic seizures. The current issue is the development of new methods of epilepsy therapy, In particular, using gene therapy methods. Promising areas of research in this field are the modulation of the expression of a number of neuropeptides, ion channels, transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, etc., as well as the use of antisense oligonucleotides. One of the optimal vectors for the delivery of therapeutic transgenes is the adenoassociated virus (AAV), which is most often used in the gene therapy of neurological disorders due to the high transduction ability of neuronal tissues and low immunogenicity/cytotoxicity. In this study, we analyze the existing achievements in the use of AAV vectors in the treatment of epilepsy of various etiologies.
Cause-Related Mortality in Canada by Income Quintile: Examining the Impact of Multiple Causes before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Peters Paul A , Klym Morgan , Lopez Barrios Michel , McGaughey Tomoko
Published: October 2024

Mortality rates are fundamental to understanding the overall health of a population. However, statistics are usually reported using the primary underlying cause of death, overlooking potentially relevant contributing causes listed on death certificates. This paper presents indicators for multiple cause-related mortality in Canada from 2000 – 2022. Deaths from the Canadian Vital Statistics Database (2000 – 2022) were merged with multiple cause files and classified into 136 cause of death groupings. Summary statistics for multiple causes were calculated, including the Standardized Ratio of Multiple to Underlying (SRMU), which is also calculated by neighbourhood income quintile. Age-Standardized Mortality Rates (ASMR) were calculated for the underlying cause of death (ASMRUC) and compared to rates including any mention of each respective cause (ASMRAM). These were then compared to ASMRs based on a contributing-cause weighting scheme (ASMRW). The average number of causes reported on death certificates has increased from 2.79 in 2002 to 3.19 in 2021. Those in the lowest income quintiles have a higher average number of causes (3.31 in 2021) compared to those in the highest income quintile (3.09 in 2021). When employing multiple cause weighting strategies, the rank order of age-standardized mortality rates is significantly elevated for conditions including renal failure, hypertension, pneumonia, septicemia, arterial fibrillation, and artery diseases. Multiple cause-of-death approaches provide further insight into the patterns of mortality and highlight conditions that become leading causes using weighted approaches. This provides evidence to support efforts to address these conditions. There are also differences in multiple causes of death reporting by income quintile which warrants further investigation.
On the Roles of Protein Intrinsic Disorder in the Origin of Life and Evolution
Authors: Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: October 2024

Obviously, the discussion of different factors that could have contributed to the origin of life and evolution represents a clear speculation, since there is no way to check the validity of the most of the related hypotheses on practice, as the corresponding events are not only already happened, but took place in a very distant past. However, there are a few undisputable facts obviously present at the moment, such as the existence of a broad variety of living forms and the abundant presence of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or hybrid proteins containing ordered domains and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in all those living forms. Since it seems that the currently existing living forms have originated from a common ancestor, their variety represents a result of evolution. Therefore, one could ask a logical question of what role(s) those structure-less and highly dynamic but vastly abundant and multifunctional IDPs/IDRs might have in evolution. This study represents an attempt to consider various ideas pertaining to the potential roles of protein intrinsic disorder in origin of life and evolution.
Digital Engineering: Innovations in Laser Processing Techniques
Authors: Murzin Serguei
Published: October 2024

The transformative influence of digital engineering on photonic technologies is significant, es-pecially regarding advancements in laser processing through digital models, artificial intelli-gence (AI), and freeform optics. It presents a comprehensive review of how these technologies enhance efficiency, precision, and control in manufacturing processes. Digital models are pivotal for predicting and optimizing thermal effects in laser processing, thereby reducing material de-formation and defects. The integration of AI further refines these models, improving productiv-ity and quality in applications such as micro-machining and cladding. Additionally, the combi-nation of AI with freeform optics advances laser technology by enabling real-time adjustments and customizable beam profiles, which enhance processing versatility and reduce material damage. The use of digital twins is also examined as a key development in laser-based manu-facturing, offering significant improvements in process optimization, defect reduction, and sys-tem efficiency. By incorporating real-time monitoring, machine learning, and physics-based modeling, digital twins facilitate precise simulations and predictions, leading to more effective and reliable manufacturing practices. Overall, the integration of digital twins, AI, and freeform optics into laser processing marks a significant progression in manufacturing technology. These advancements collectively enhance precision, efficiency, and adaptability, resulting in improved product quality and reduced operational costs. The continued evolution of these technologies is expected to drive further advancements in manufacturing practices, offering more robust solu-tions for complex production environments.
Hydrogen Yield Enhancement in Biogas Dry Reforming with Ni/Cr Catalyst: A Numerical Study
Authors: Nishimura Akira , Yamada Souta , Ichii Ryoma , Ichikawa Mizuki , Hayakawa Taisei , Kolhe Mohan Lal
Published: October 2024

This numerical study investigates the impact of reaction temperature, molar ratio of CH4:CO2, and catalyst porosity (p) on H2 yield and H2 selectivity during biogas dry reforming over a Ni/Cr catalyst. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, we conducted detailed simulations to elucidate the underlying reaction characteristics. Our findings reveal that increasing p significantly enhances H2 production and H2 selectivity, while simultaneously reducing CO selectivity. This effect is attributed to the improved mass transfer within the catalyst bed, leading to more efficient reactant conversion and product formation. Additionally, we observed a strong correlation between higher reaction temperatures and increased H2 yield and H2 selectivity, confirming the endothermic nature of the reforming process. By optimizing these operational parameters, our results suggest that Ni/Cr catalysts can be effectively employed for the sustainable production of H2 from biogas.
Multi-Criteria Calibration of a Thermo-Mechanical Model of Steel Plate Welding in Vacuum
Authors: Draganov Ivo , Vitliemov Venko , Angelov Yuliyan Angelov , Mileva Stiliyana Mileva , Ferdinandov Nikolay , Gospodinov Danail , Radev Rossen Hristov
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a methodology for multi-criteria calibration of a thermo-mechanical model for numerical simulation of welding in vacuum. A finite element model of a steel plate is created. Experimental and computational data are obtained. An inverse problem is formulated for the vector identification of five calibration parameters from the heat flow model. They are evaluated for adequacy with controlled accuracy according to four criteria. An optimization problem is solved using a two-step interactive procedure. The parameter space studying method (PSI) has been applied to the study of multidimensional regions by means of quasi-uniform sounding. A Pareto-optimal set is defined. It is used to determine reduced ranked Pareto subsets by -selection. Salukvadze optimum is also determined.
Bacterial Agents for Biocontrol of American Foulbrood (AFB) of Larvae Honey Bee
Authors: Nowotnik Piotr Robert , Chorbiński Paweł , Migdał Paweł , Górski Bogusław
Published: October 2024

Bee colonies that belong to the biocenosis are constantly threatened by the bacterial larvae disease called American foulbrood, caused by Paenibacillus larvae. The current state of the law prevents the inclusion of pharmacotherapy in the treatment and the only control is based on physical eradication of infected colonies by order of the Vet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of selected bacteria with proven probiotic potential that could reduce American foulbrood pressure by promoting the development of the larvae microbiome that competes with and blocks the excessive proliferation and production of P. larvae endospores. The antimicrobial activity of inoculants of selected strains was studied: B. pumilus, B. licheniformis, S. narbonensis, L. fusiformis, L. brevis, B. megaterium against P. larvae ATCC 9545 and P. larvae CCUG 48973. Analyses were performed by the well-diffusion method according to EUCAST standards with modifications due to the specificity of the bacteria used. The largest zone of growth inhibition of P. larvae was confirmed with: S. narbonensis, B. licheniformis, B. megaterium, medium activity was observed with L. brevis and B. pumilus. Negligible activity was shown by L. fusiformis. Differences were noticed in the resistance of indicator strains of P. larvae and between the media and carriers used.
The Combination of Buparvaquone and ELQ316 Exhibits a Stronger Synergistic Effect Compared to the Combination of ELQ316 with Imidocarb, on the Survival of Babesia bovis in In Vitro Cultures
Authors: Cardillo Natalia M. , Villarino Nicolas F. , Lacy Paul A. , Riscoe Michael K. , Doggett J. Stone , Ueti Massaro W. , Chung Chungwon J. , Suarez Carlos E.
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Bovine babesiosis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks that causes important losses in livestock worldwide. Recent research performed on the drugs currently used to control bovine babesiosis reported several issues including drug resistance, toxicity impact, and residues in edible tissue, suggesting the need for developing novel effective therapies. The endochin-like quinolones ELQ-316 and buparvaquone (BPQ) act as cytochrome bc1 inhibitors and have been proven to be safe and efficacious against related apicomplexans, such as Plasmodium spp. and Babesia microti, without showing toxicity in mammals. The objectives of this study are investigating whether ELQ-316, BPQ and their combination treatment could be effective against Babesia bovis in an in vitro culture model, and comparing with imidocarb (ID), the routinely used drug. Methods: In vitro cultured parasites at starting 2% percentage of parasitemia (PPE) were treated with BPQ, ELQ-316, ID, and the combinations of BPQ+ ELQ-316 and ID+ ELQ-316 at drug concentrations that ranged from 25 to 1200 nM, during four consecutive days. Parasitemia levels were evaluated daily using microscopic examination. Data was compared using the independent Student's t-test and ANOVA test. Results: All drugs tested, whether used alone or in combination, significantly decreased the survival (p<0.05) of B. bovis in in vitro cultures. The combination of BPQ+ ELQ-316 had the lowest calculated inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) 31.21 nM (IC95%: 15.06 - 68.48) values, followed by BPQ, 77.06 nM (IC95%: 70.16- 86.01), ID+ELQ316 197 nM (IC95%:129.0 - 311.2), ID 635.1 nM (IC95%: 280.9 – 2119) and ELQ316 654.9 nM (IC95%: 362.3 – 1411). Conclusion: The results reinforce the higher efficacy of BPQ at affecting B. bovis survival, and the potential synergistic effects of its combination with ELQ-316, providing a promising treatment option against B. bovis.
Real-World Clinical Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Platinum-Based Chemotherapy with Nivolumab in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shalata Walid , Daher Sameh , Maimon Rabinovitch Natali , Shami Sivan , Kian Waleed , Turgeman Ilit , Dudnik Yulia , Kazareen Olga , Robetski Yulia , Sabo Edmond , Faber Dan Levy , Galili Ronen , Wiesel Ory , Baranovsky Konstantin , Agbarya Abed
Published: October 2024

This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) within a real-world context. We analyzed medical records from January 2022 to August 2023, focusing on individuals aged 18 and older diagnosed with resectable NSCLC who received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy prior to surgical intervention. The cohort comprised 56 patients, predominantly smokers (95%) and male (74%), with 80% presenting at stage III. Of the participants, 44 underwent surgery, with 95% receiving lobar resection. Clinical assessments via PET-CT imaging revealed an 86% rate of response or disease stabilization, while pathological evaluations showed complete and major pathological responses in 61% of cases. This real-world data supports the safety and efficacy of incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors in the neoadjuvant treatment of NSCLC, followed by surgical resection.
Direct Interaction Between CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reciprocally Preserves Stemness
Authors: Safi Rémi , Mohsen-Kanson Tala , Kouzi Farah , El-Saghir Jamal , Dermesrobian Vera , Zugasti Inés , Zibara Kazem , Menéndez Pablo , El Hajj Hiba , El-Sabban Marwan
Published: October 2024

A specialized microenvironment in the bone marrow, composed of stromal cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), support hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renewal and differentiation but also regulates leukemia development and progression. The reciprocal direct interaction between MSCs and CD34+ HSCs under physiological and pathological conditions has not been well characterized yet. Here, we established a direct co-culture model between MSCs and CD34+ HSCs or MSCs and acute myeloid leukemia cells (THP-1, Molm-13, and primary cells from patients) to study cell-cell communication. Following MSCs-CD34+ HSCs co-culture, the expression of adhesion markers N-cadherin and connexin 43 increased in both cell types, forming gap junction channels. Moreover, the clonogenic potential of CD34+ HSCs was increased. However, direct contact of acute myeloid leukemia cells with MSCs reduced the expression levels of connexin 43 and N-cadherin in MSCs. The impairment in gap junction formation could be ascertained to a defect in the acute myeloid leukemia derived MSCs. Interestingly, CD34+ HSCs and acute myeloid leukemia cell lines restrained MSCs from engaging into osteoblastic differentiation upon prolonged direct cell-cell contact. In conclusion, under physiological conditions, connexin 43 and N-cadherin interaction preserves stemness of both CD34+ HSCs and MSCs, a process that is compromised in acute myeloid leukemia, pointing out to the possible role of gap junctions in modulating stemness.
Nouns as Essential Migration Signifiers for Improving Migrant Mental Health Through Social Services Supporting Problem-Focused or Emotion-Focused Coping
Authors: Nash Carol
Published: October 2024

Migrate is a verb representing a process where the intention of providing social services to migrants is to reduce their instability and discomfort. Consequently, social service providers are inclined to view migrants as pitiful, often also those to be feared, with migrants learning to form negative views of themselves, decreasing their mental health. Considering migration as a verb neglects the noun initiating the migration when the migrant is heading to a person, place, thing, event, or idea. In viewing migration as noun-dependent, the migrant is identifiable as self-directed in seeking aid rather than pitiful or inciting fear. This study aims to examine the types of nouns migrants conceptualize for guiding their migration based on a Google Scholar search of “[noun-type] to which [whom] migrants head in their migration” for each noun type regarding the four most highly cited reports published since 2020. The purpose is to determine the social services applicable to migrants in their self-direction regarding theoretical foundations that contrast problem-focused with emotion-focused coping. Viewing such migration nouns as essential migration signifiers encourages migrants’ favorable identification. In recognizing the intended self-direction of the migrant, their mental health is improved and is supportable through relevant and appropriately available social services.
The Need for an Interdisciplinary Approach to Marfan Syndrome: Future Direction from the Results of a Network Analysis of Marfan Syndrome Studies
Authors: Ogasawara Naruaki
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study aims to explore the collaborative networks in Marfan Syndrome (MFS) research by analyzing co-authorship patterns from 2000 to 2023. The objective is to identify key researchers, trends in collaboration, and the extent of interdisciplinary cooperation within the global MFS research community. Understanding these dynamics will inform the future direction of research in this field, emphasizing the need for a more integrated, interdisciplinary approach. Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 6,657 publications related to MFS research indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed. Result: The network analysis revealed a persistent fragmentation within the MFS research community over the past two decades. While network density slightly increased from 0.0012 in the 2000–2009 period to 0.0016 in 2020–2023, the network remained disjointed with numerous disconnected components. Key contributors, such as Harry C. Dietz, Guillaume Jondeau, and Julie De Backer, demonstrated high centrality values, playing pivotal roles in shaping collaboration. The clustering coefficient remained high across all periods, indicating strong intra-group collaboration, yet underscoring the need for broader interdisciplinary partnerships.Conclusion: This study highlights the need for more integrated and cross-disciplinary collaboration in MFS research. Despite the significant contributions of central researchers, the overall fragmentation limits potential advancements. Fostering a more interconnected global network and encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation will be crucial to addressing the complex, multi-systemic nature of Marfan Syndrome and improving patient outcomes.
Enhancing Food Resilience in the Age of Geoeconomics by Applying Biomimetic Principles in Urban Agriculture
Authors: Toth Alex
Published: October 2024

Biomimicry, though still emerging within the social sciences, offers promising insights for improving food security by drawing analogies from natural ecosystems and re-exploring traditional ecological knowledge. This paper argues that adopting nature-inspired strategies in urban agriculture can significantly enhance resilience against geoeconomic pressures, logistical disruptions, and disasters. As geopolitical tensions intensify, exacerbated by climate change, pandemics, and urbanization, the strategic use of food power is likely to become increasingly relevant, particularly impacting urban areas due to their high dependence on external food supplies. Urban agroecology, which inherently embodies biomimetic principles, is presented as a viable pillar for building more resilient and self-sustaining food systems. The paper explores how an urban agriculture approach grounded in biomimicry can serve as a critical mechanism for food security, especially in urbanized regions vulnerable to potential food power dynamics. Additionally, it examines current methods by which states and cities prepare for food supply challenges and highlights the untapped potential of urban food production as a strategic response to these vulnerabilities.
Enhanced Control Strategies for Underactuated AUVs Using Backstepping Integral Sliding Mode Techniques for Ocean Current Challenges
Authors: Chen Qingdong , Yuan Jianping , Dong Zhihui , Chai Zhuohui , Wan Lei
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the control challenges faced by underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) under ocean current disturbances. It proposes a Backstepping Integral Sliding Mode Control (BISMC) strategy to enhance their adaptability and robustness. The BISMC strategy integrates the system decomposition capability of the Backstepping Control method with the rapid response and robustness advantages of the Sliding Mode Control method, enabling the design of a heading controller and a double closed-loop depth controller. By introducing an integral component, the strategy eliminates steady-state errors caused by ocean currents, accelerating system convergence and improving accuracy. Furthermore, a saturation function is employed to mitigate output chattering issues. Simulation results demonstrate that the BISMC controller significantly enhances the control precision and anti-disturbance capabilities of AUVs under low-frequency ocean current disturbances, showcasing exceptional adaptive and self-disturbance rejection performance.