bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Dry-Cured Fermented Sausage “Salchichón” Processing with a Selected Lactobacillus sakei in Listeria monocytogenes and Microbial Population
Authors: Martín Irene , Rodríguez Alicia , Sánchez-Montero Lourdes , Padilla Patricia , Córdoba Juan J.
Published: April 2021

In the present work, the effect of processing of dry-cured fermented sausage “salchichón” spiked with the selected Lactobacillus sakei 205 was challenge-tested with low and high levels of L. monocytogenes. The evolution of the natural microbial population throughout the “salchichón” ripening was also evaluated. For this, a total of 150 “salchichón” were elaborated and divided into six equal cases which were inoculated with different levels of L. monocytogenes, and L. sakei 205. Afterwards, sausages were ripened for 90 days according to a typical industrial process. Moisture content (%) and water activity (aw) decreased throughout the ripening up to values around 26% and 0.78, respectively. No differences for moisture content, aw, pH, NaCl and nitrite concentration were observed between the analyzed cases. Lactic acid bacteria counts in the L. sakei 205 inoculated cases were always higher than 6 log CFU g−1 during ripening. Enterobacteriaceae counts were reduced during ripening until non-detectable levels at the end of processing. Reductions in L. monocytogenes counts ranged from 1.6 to 2.2 log CFU g−1; therefore, the processing of “salchichón” itself did not allow the growth of this pathogen. Reduction in L. monocytogenes was significantly higher in the cases inoculated with L. sakei 205.
Effects of Algae Meal Supplementation in Feedlot Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Characteristics
Authors: Núñez-Sánchez Nieves , Avilés Ramírez Carmen , Peña Blanco Francisco , Gómez-Cortés Pilar , de la Fuente Miguel Ángel , Vioque Amor Montserrat , Horcada Ibáñez Alberto , Martínez Marín Andrés Luis
Published: April 2021

There is growing interest in increasing omega-3 fatty acid (FA) contents in ruminant meat by means of dietary manipulation, but the effects of such manipulation on productive results and meat quality need to be ascertained. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of supplementing lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR) with marine algae as a source of omega-3 fatty acids on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality characteristics. Forty-eight feedlot lambs were distributed into three equal groups: the control group neither consumed marine algae nor had competent RGR, the second group received daily 2.5% of algae meal mixed in the concentrate, and the last group consumed the same amount of algae meal, but emulsified in a milk replacer and bottle-fed. Lambs in the second and third groups had competent RGR. There were not any negative effects on performance, carcass or meat quality parameters with algae supplementation. However, the results of the oxidative stability parameters were not conclusive. Ageing for 6 days improved meat tenderness and color, and increased lipid oxidation. In conclusion, algae meal inclusion in the diet of fattening lambs with competent RGR has no detrimental effects on animal performance, carcass traits or meat quality characteristics.
Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Seeds of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Rodríguez Madrera Roberto , Campa Negrillo Ana , Suárez Valles Belén , Ferreira Fernández Juan José
Published: April 2021

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important pulses consumed in the world. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total monomeric anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity were determined, using ferric reducing antioxidant power and free radical scavenging activity, in 255 lines grown under the same environmental conditions. For all parameters analysed, there was a wide range of variability, with differences always above one order of magnitude. Phenolic compounds in beans with coloured coats were found to be more efficient antioxidants than those with completely white coats, and samples with more strongly coloured coats (red, cream, black, pink and brown) showed the highest antioxidant capacities. Based on the strong correlation detected between the variables, total phenolic content can be considered an appropriate indicator of antioxidant activity. The results provide a robust database for selecting those lines of greater functional and nutritional interest in terms of cultivation for direct consumption, for inclusions in food formulations or for use in future breeding programs.
Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps
Authors: Ma Yao , Tian Lu , Wang Xiaona , Huang Chen , Tian Mingjing , Wei Anzhi
Published: April 2021

Because of extensive cultivation areas, various cultivars, nonstandard naming notations, and morphology similarity among relative cultivars, adulteration and associated business fraud may happen in the marketplaces of prickly ash pericarps due to higher financial gain and high-frequency trading. This study presents variations in the chemical components and contents of different prickly ash species from different plantations. Alkylamide profiling of pericarps derived from Zanthoxylum armatum, Z. bungeanum, and some relative Zanthoxylum species from 72 plantations across China were tested using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Then, several chemometrics were applied to classify the prickly ash pericarps to reveal potential indicators that distinguish prickly ash pericarps and to identify the key factors that affect pericarp alkylamide profiling. The dominating alkylamides in the prickly ash pericarps were Z. piperitum (ZP)-amide C (0–20.64 mg/g) and ZP-amide D (0–30.43 mg/g). Alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps varied significantly across species and geographical variations. ZP-amide D in prickly ash pericarps was identified as a potential indicator to distinguish prickly ash species. Longitude and aluminum content in soils were identified as key factors that affected alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps. This study provides a useful tool to classify prickly ash species based on pericarp alkylamide profiling and to determine the key influence factors on pericarp alkylamide variations.
Anxiety, Difficulties, and Coping of Infertile Women
Authors: Iordăchescu Diana Antonia , Paica Corina Ioana , Boca Alina Estera , Gică Corina , Panaitescu Anca Maria , Peltecu Gheorghe , Veduță Alina , Gică Nicolae
Published: April 2021

The present study aims to highlight how women perceive and adapt to infertility difficulties. To better understand the difficulties that women diagnosed with infertility are experiencing, the study explores this concept in correlation with anxiety and coping. 240 women with fertility problems from various parts of Romania completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Form Y), Brief COPE and the scale “Difficulties With Infertility and Its Treatment.” Statistical analyzes showed that women who were at the beginning of treatment obtained higher scores on the anxiety [F(2,237) = 4.76, p = 0.009] and on the difficulties scale [F(2,237) = 3.53, p = 0.031], compared to participants who resorted to repeated fertilization procedures. It is important to emphasize that there is a significant positive correlation between the perception of infertility difficulties and coping, and also between difficulties and state anxiety. Regarding the relationship between state anxiety and coping, there were significant positive associations between maladaptive coping strategies and state anxiety, while adaptive strategies were negatively associated with state anxiety. In addition, regarding coping strategies, venting and self-blame occurred predominantly in women who know that the cause of infertility is female-related. These findings draws attention to the fact that infertile women live this experience at very high levels of anxiety, using quite a few adaptive coping mechanisms. These results highlight the need to investigate ways to reduce anxiety and optimizing adaptive coping strategies.
The Implementation of a Clinical Ladder in Rural Japanese Nursing Education: Effectiveness and Challenges
Authors: Maejima Satoko , Ohta Ryuichi , Sano Chiaki
Published: April 2021

The clinical ladder is an essential tool for nursing education, enabling nurses to ascend from novice to expert. The learning content for nurses can depend on their clinical situations. The aging of societies has changed the demand for nurses at community hospitals because of the multimorbidity of older patients. At the same time, the gap in nursing education between urban and rural hospitals is wide, as rural hospitals often lack the application of the clinical ladder. This study investigates the effectiveness of using the clinical ladder in a rural Japanese community hospital using the clinical ladder scale and interviews. Through its application, we found that both novice nurses and nursing educators came to recognize the effectiveness and importance of the ladder. However, unfamiliarity with assessments, working conditions, and Japanese culture inhibited the smooth application of the ladder. For the effective application of the clinical ladder, continual training on assessments and the ladder’s effectiveness in clinical situations, along with consideration of educational background, should be enhanced through the monitoring of the clinical ladder.
The Effects of Post-Harvest Treatments on the Quality of Agastache aurantiaca Edible Flowers
Authors: Marchioni Ilaria , Dimita Rosanna , Gioè Giovanni , Pistelli Luisa , Ruffoni Barbara , Pistelli Laura , Najar Basma
Published: April 2021

Agastache spp. are used as ornamental plants for their pleasant aroma and the different colors of flowers. Nowadays, their edible flowers have become attractive for their nutraceutical properties. Post-harvest treatment appears as a crucial point to avoid impairment of the nutraceutical compounds and aroma, so different treatments were tested to analyze their effect on the bioactive metabolites and volatilome. Results indicated that freeze-drying was the best solution to prolong the shelf life of these flowers. The use of high temperatures (50, 60, 70 °C) led to altered the composition of antioxidant compounds (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids). Air-drying at 30 °C was a reasonable method, even though time consuming. Concerning the aroma profile, all samples were dominated by oxygenated monoterpene compounds. Pulegone was the main or one of the major constituents of all samples together with p-menthone. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry results showed a correlation between the temperature and the number of identified compounds. Both fresh and freeze-dried samples evidenced a lesser number (10 and 19, respectively); when the temperature raised, the number of identified constituents increased. Statistical analyses highlighted significant differences between almost all aromatic compounds, even if both Principal Component and Hierarchical Cluster analyses differed at 60 and 70 °C and from the other treatments.
Low-Temperature Performance of Polymer-Modified Binders in Stone Mastic Asphalts
Authors: Dias Ana , Silva Hugo , Palha Carlos , Oliveira Joel
Published: April 2021

When temperatures drop to significantly low levels, road pavements are subjected to thermally-induced stresses, resulting in the appearance of thermal cracking, among other distresses. In these situations, polymers can be used as asphalt binder modifiers to improve certain asphalt binder properties, such as elastic recovery, cohesion, and ductility. Polymers also minimize some of the problems of asphalt mixtures, such as thermal and fatigue cracking and permanent deformation. This work’s objective was to study the behavior of asphalt mixtures at low temperatures, mainly when using modified binders. Thus, three binders were selected and tested: a standard 50/70 penetration grade bitumen and two polymer-modified binders (PMB), obtained by adding, respectively, 2.5% and 5.0% of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) in the 50/70 pen grade bitumen. Then, the PMBs were incorporated into stone mastic asphalt mixtures (namely SMA 11), which were subjected to low-temperature mechanical tests based on the most recent European Standards. The asphalt binders and mixtures evaluated in this work were tested for thermal cracking resistance, creep, elastic recovery, cohesive strength, and ductility strength. Overall, it is concluded that the studied asphalt mixtures with PMB, with just 2.5% SBS, performed adequately at low temperatures down to −20 °C.
Tidal Energy Round Robin Tests: A Comparison of Flow Measurements and Turbine Loading
Authors: Martinez Rodrigo , Gaurier Benoît , Ordonez-Sanchez Stephanie , Facq Jean-Valéry , Germain Gregory , Johnstone Cameron , Santic Ivan , Salvatore Francesco , Davey Thomas , Old Chris , Sellar Brian G.
Published: April 2021

A Round Robin Tests program is being undertaken within the EC MaRINET2 initiative. This programme studies the used facility influence can have on the performance evaluation of a horizontal axis tidal turbine prototype when it is operated under wave and current conditions. In this paper, we present the design of experiments that is used throughout the work programme and the results related to the flow characterisation obtained at the Ifremer wave and current circulating tank, the Cnr-Inm wave towing tank and the ocean research facility FloWave. These facilities have been identified to provide adequate geometric conditions to accommodate a 0.724 m diameter turbine operating at flow velocities of 0.8 and 1.0 m/s. The set-up is replicated in each of the facilities with exemption of the amount of flow measuring instruments. Intrinsic differences in creating wave and currents between facilities are found. Flow velocities are up to 10% higher than the nominal values and wave amplitudes higher than the target values by up to a factor of 2. These discrepancies are related to the flow and wave generation methods used at each facility. When the flow velocity is measured besides the rotor, the velocity presents an increase of 8% compared to the upstream measurements.
Endophytic Fungi of Emersed Halophytes in River Deltas and Tidal Flats of the Korean Ramsar Wetlands
Authors: Park Jong-Myong , Hong Ji-Won , You Young-Hyun , Kim Jong-Guk
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to obtain information on the diversity and distribution of the endophytic fungi in Ramsar wetlands. Vast salt marshes in Suncheon Bay, Korea, are formed by two types of ecotones (tidal flats and deltas) that are supported by the emersed halophytes Phragmites australis and Suaeda japonica. Overall, 324 endophytes were isolated from P. australis (six sampling points in the delta and five in the tidal flats) and S. japonica (six in tidal flats). Margalef’s, Menhinick’s, Shannon’s, and Simpson’s diversity indices significantly varied among the ecotones. In particular, higher variance in diversity value and unevenness was observed in the delta marsh compared with the tidal flat marsh. Further, morphological diversity in the delta salt marsh was 1.8 times higher than that of the tidal flat. Comprising several dominant genera (Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium), Epicoccum, Paraconiothyrium, Septoriella, and Talaromyces were widely distributed regardless of the aquatic conditions or halophyte species. This study highlights the distinct distribution and diversity of marine endophytes in various ecotones that can physically protect the coastal areas. This data is of much value to secure a national culture collection for future restoration of the coastal wetlands and their ecosystems.
Efficacy of Disinfectants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Isolated from La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Izquierdo-García Luisa F. , Carmona Sandra L. , Zuluaga Paola , Rodríguez Gustavo , Dita Miguel , Betancourt Mónica , Soto-Suárez Mauricio
Published: April 2021

Banana, the main export fruit for Colombia, is threatened by Fusarium wilt (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), tropical race 4 (TR4). Pathogen containment through disinfecting tools, machinery, shoes, and any means that may carry contaminated soil particles with proper disinfectants is at the forefront of disease management. In this study, the biocide efficacy of 10 commercial quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) products and one based on glutaraldehyde (GA) were evaluated on both reproductive structures (microconidia and macroconidia) and survival spores (chlamydospores) of Foc TR4 (strain 140038) isolated from La Guajira, Colombia. QACs were evaluated at 1200 ppm and two exposure times: <1 and 15 min in the absence or presence of soil. For GA disinfectant, four different concentrations (500, 800, 1200, and 2000 ppm) were evaluated at both contact times in the presence of soil. In the absence of soil, all QACs showed 100% biocidal efficiency against microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores at both <1 and 15 min. The presence of soil decreased the efficacy of disinfectants, but some of them, such as QAC3_1st, QAC7_4th, and QAC5_4th, showed 98%, 98%, and 100% efficacy against Foc TR4 chlamydospores, respectively, after <1 min of contact time. For instance, the GA-based disinfectant was able to eliminate all Foc TR4 propagules after 15 min for all concentrations tested.
What Are the Best Parents for Hybrid Progeny? An Investigation into the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus
Authors: You Man , Xu Jianping
Published: April 2021

Hybridization between more divergent organisms is likely to generate progeny with more novel genetic interactions and genetic variations. However, the relationship between parental genetic divergence and progeny phenotypic variation remains largely unknown. Here, using strains of the human pathogenic Cryptococcus, we investigated the patterns of such a relationship. Twenty-two strains with up to 15% sequence divergence were mated. Progeny were genotyped at 16 loci. Parental strains and their progeny were phenotyped for growth ability at two temperatures, melanin production at seven conditions, and susceptibility to the antifungal drug fluconazole. We observed three patterns of relationships between parents and progeny for each phenotypic trait, including (i) similar to one of the parents, (ii) intermediate between the parents, and (iii) outside the parental phenotypic range. We found that as genetic distance increases between parental strains, progeny showed increased fluconazole resistance and growth at 37 °C but decreased melanin production under various oxidative and nitrosative stresses. Our findings demonstrate that, depending on the traits, both evolutionarily more similar strains and more divergent strains may be better parents to generate progeny with hybrid vigor. Together, the results indicate the enormous potential of Cryptococcus hybrids in their evolution and adaptation to diverse conditions.
Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi
Authors: Dzurendova Simona , Zimmermann Boris , Kohler Achim , Reitzel Kasper , Nielsen Ulla Gro , Dupuy--Galet Benjamin Xavier , Leivers Shaun , Horn Svein Jarle , Shapaval Volha
Published: April 2021

Calcium controls important processes in fungal metabolism, such as hyphae growth, cell wall synthesis, and stress tolerance. Recently, it was reported that calcium affects polyphosphate and lipid accumulation in fungi. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of calcium on the accumulation of lipids and polyphosphate for six oleaginous Mucoromycota fungi grown under different phosphorus/pH conditions. A Duetz microtiter plate system (Duetz MTPS) was used for the cultivation. The compositional profile of the microbial biomass was recorded using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the high throughput screening extension (FTIR-HTS). Lipid content and fatty acid profiles were determined using gas chromatography (GC). Cellular phosphorus was determined using assay-based UV-Vis spectroscopy, and accumulated phosphates were characterized using solid-state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Glucose consumption was estimated by FTIR-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR). Overall, the data indicated that calcium availability enhances polyphosphate accumulation in Mucoromycota fungi, while calcium deficiency increases lipid production, especially under acidic conditions (pH 2–3) caused by the phosphorus limitation. In addition, it was observed that under acidic conditions, calcium deficiency leads to increase in carotenoid production. It can be concluded that calcium availability can be used as an optimization parameter in fungal fermentation processes to enhance the production of lipids or polyphosphates.
Obituary for Professor Dr. Jan Evangelista Dyr
Authors: Mášová-Chrastinová Leona , Weisel John W.
Published: April 2021

Prof [...]
A Yarrowia lipolytica Strain Engineered for Pyomelanin Production
Authors: Larroude Macarena , Onésime Djamila , Rué Olivier , Nicaud Jean-Marc , Rossignol Tristan
Published: April 2021

The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica naturally produces pyomelanin. This pigment accumulates in the extracellular environment following the autoxidation and polymerization of homogentisic acid, a metabolite derived from aromatic amino acids. In this study, we used a chassis strain optimized to produce aromatic amino acids for the de novo overproduction of pyomelanin. The gene 4HPPD, which encodes an enzyme involved in homogentisic acid synthesis (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase), was characterized and overexpressed in the chassis strain with up to three copies, leading to pyomelanin yields of 4.5 g/L. Homogentisic acid is derived from tyrosine. When engineered strains were grown in a phenylalanine-supplemented medium, pyomelanin production increased, revealing that the yeast could convert phenylalanine to tyrosine, or that the homogentisic acid pathway is strongly induced by phenylalanine.
Antifungal Activity of Propyl Disulfide from Neem (Azadirachta indica) in Vapor and Agar Diffusion Assays against Anthracnose Pathogens (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum acutatum) in Mango Fruit
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rafiullah , Chonhenchob Vanee , Huang Chongxing , Suwanamornlert Panitee
Published: April 2021

Microorganisms causing anthracnose diseases have a medium to a high level of resistance to the existing fungicides. This study aimed to investigate neem plant extract (propyl disulfide, PD) as an alternative to the current fungicides against mango’s anthracnose. Microorganisms were isolated from decayed mango and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum acutatum. Next, a pathogenicity test was conducted and after fulfilling Koch’s postulates, fungi were reisolated from these symptomatic fruits and we thus obtained pure cultures. Then, different concentrations of PD were used against these fungi in vapor and agar diffusion assays. Ethanol and distilled water were served as control treatments. PD significantly (p ≤ 0.05) inhibited more of the mycelial growth of these fungi than both controls. The antifungal activity of PD increased with increasing concentrations. The vapor diffusion assay was more effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of these fungi than the agar diffusion assay. A good fit (R2, 0.950) of the experimental data in the Gompertz growth model and a significant difference in the model parameters, i.e., lag phase (λ), stationary phase (A) and mycelial growth rate, further showed the antifungal efficacy of PD. Therefore, PD could be the best antimicrobial compound against a wide range of microorganisms.
Mining Synergistic Microbial Interactions: A Roadmap on How to Integrate Multi-Omics Data
Authors: Saraiva Joao Pedro , Worrich Anja , Karakoç Canan , Kallies Rene , Chatzinotas Antonis , Centler Florian , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses
Published: April 2021

Mining interspecies interactions remain a challenge due to the complex nature of microbial communities and the need for computational power to handle big data. Our meta-analysis indicates that genetic potential alone does not resolve all issues involving mining of microbial interactions. Nevertheless, it can be used as the starting point to infer synergistic interspecies interactions and to limit the search space (i.e., number of species and metabolic reactions) to a manageable size. A reduced search space decreases the number of additional experiments necessary to validate the inferred putative interactions. As validation experiments, we examine how multi-omics and state of the art imaging techniques may further improve our understanding of species interactions’ role in ecosystem processes. Finally, we analyze pros and cons from the current methods to infer microbial interactions from genetic potential and propose a new theoretical framework based on: (i) genomic information of key members of a community; (ii) information of ecosystem processes involved with a specific hypothesis or research question; (iii) the ability to identify putative species’ contributions to ecosystem processes of interest; and, (iv) validation of putative microbial interactions through integration of other data sources.
Correction: Wist et al. Phenotypic and Genotypic Traits of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Healthy Food-Producing Animals. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 261
Authors: Wist Valerie , Morach Marina , Schneeberger Marianne , Cernela Nicole , Stevens Marc J. A. , Zurfluh Katrin , Stephan Roger , Nüesch-Inderbinen Magdalena
Published: April 2021

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...]
Interactions of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Toxin-Antitoxin RelBE Proteins with Their Target DNA
Authors: Moreno-Córdoba Inmaculada , Chan Wai-Ting , Nieto Concha , Espinosa Manuel
Published: April 2021

Type II bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are found in most bacteria, archaea, and mobile genetic elements. TAs are usually found as a bi-cistronic operon composed of an unstable antitoxin and a stable toxin that targets crucial cellular functions like DNA supercoiling, cell-wall synthesis or mRNA translation. The type II RelBE system encoded by the pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is highly conserved among different strains and participates in biofilm formation and response to oxidative stress. Here, we have analyzed the participation of the RelB antitoxin and the RelB:RelE protein complex in the self-regulation of the pneumococcal relBE operon. RelB acted as a weak repressor, whereas RelE performed the role of a co-repressor. By DNA footprinting experiments, we show that the proteins bind to a region that encompasses two palindromic sequences that are located around the −10 sequences of the single promoter that directs the synthesis of the relBE mRNA. High-resolution footprinting assays showed the distribution of bases whose deoxyriboses are protected by the bound proteins, demonstrating that RelB and RelB:RelE contacted the DNA backbone on one face of the DNA helix and that these interactions extended beyond the palindromic sequences. Our findings suggest that the binding of the RelBE proteins to its DNA target would lead to direct inhibition of the binding of the host RNA polymerase to the relBE promoter.
MODERNIZATION OF THE CONTENT OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS IN UKRAINE (1996–2001)
Authors: Havrylenko Tetiana
Published: April 2021

One of the main issues in 1996–2001 was the modernization of the content of education, which was carried out in two directions: development of the State Standard of Primary General Education, which was to provide a single educational space, determine state requirements for students' education in the context of the requirements of the standard in accordance with the needs of contemporary society and the child's personality.
El Indo-Pacífico y América Latina en el marco de la disputa geoestratégica entre Estados Unidos y China
Authors: Serbin Andrés
Published: April 2021

En el marco del desplazamiento del dinamismo económico del Atlántico al Asia-Pacífico, el presente documento analiza el cambio de la narrativa geoestratégica del Asia-Pacífico por la narrativa del Indo-Pacífico, debido a que esta región se ha convertido en el epicentro de los conflictos globales contempo-ráneos y en un foco de tensión en el marco de la rivalidad estratégica entre Estados Unidos y la República Popular China, poniendo especial énfasis en la conformación del Diálogo Cuadrilátero de Seguridad (QUAD) entre Estados Unidos, Japón, Australia e India en el Indo-Pacífico, las reacciones de China y su priorización de la narrativa de Asia-Pacífico y el rol de la Asociación de Naciones Unidas de Sudeste Asiático (ASEAN). El análisis de las percepciones y prioridades divergentes de cada uno de estos actores configura un cuadro complejo frente al cual América Latina deberá elaborar estrategias complejas para intensificar su relación con la región.
Academician Anchishkin A.I. Look into the future: the culture of national economic forecasting and the art of constructing alternative scenarios of economic dynamics
Authors: Yakutin Yu.V.
Published: April 2021

The article continues the series of publications devoted to the academicians-economists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, who actively worked with the Free Economic Society of Russia. Talking about life milestones and stages of scientific activity of academician A.I. Anchishkin, the article emphasizes Anishchenko style of scientific and theoretical work. The article reveals the contribution of Academician A.I. Anchishkin to the theory and practice of national economic forecasting, strategic planning of socio-economic development of the country, optimal structuring of reproduction processes of the unified national economic complex. The article emphasizes the actual relevance of the scientific and theoretical heritage of Academician A.I. Anchishkin in today's practice of managing large national projects and programs implemented in the socio-economic life of the Russian Federation.
Possibilities of adaptation in the Russian Federation of effective instruments for the implementation of government programs of developed countries (on the example of the Federal project «Supporting employment and increasing the efficiency of the labor market to ensure growth of labor productivity»)
Authors: Krasyukova N.L. , Panina O.V.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the best practices of using effective tools for the implementation of government programs of developed countries and the possibility of their application in the Russian system of state program and project management.
Mining and metallurgical business: technological and integration features of management
Authors: Lunkin A.N. , Lunkin D.A.
Published: April 2021

The organizational and technological features of the functioning of the mining and metallurgical business are considered. The special significance of its consideration from the standpoint of balance and integration of elements of a single production chain for the production of final metallurgical products is shown. The main criteria of efficiency of integration interaction of mining and processing and metallurgical plants are developed. Recommendations on the organization of monitoring the quality of functioning of the unified technological chain of the mining and metallurgical business are given.
Refining Understandings of Entrepreneurial Artists
Authors: Robinson Megan , Novak-Leonard Jennifer
Published: April 2021

There is a disconnect between artists’ applications of entrepreneurial behavior in their practice and evaluations of artists as productive members of their communities. Informed by interviews with Nashville-based artists to investigate how artists understand their creativity, artistic practice, and approaches to entrepreneurship in the context of a their vibrant, artistically oriented community, this study finds that artists engage in entrepreneurial behavior by deploying creativity in multiple domains, including art, business, and the social, with their skills in each being important towards preserving the motives of their artistic practice. The findings highlight artists as multi-faceted creatives capable of transforming their practice through entrepreneurial pursuits.
Book Review of The entrepreneurial artist: Lessons from Highly Successful Creatives by Aaron Dworkin
Authors: Voigt Jessica
Published: April 2021

Book Review of The entrepreneurial artist: Lessons from Highly Successful Creatives (Rowman & Littlefield) by Aaron Dworkin
Selected, Adopted and Implemented Social-Emotional Learning Program: the Kindness Curriculum for Kids
Authors: Uşakli Hakan
Published: April 2021

The aim of this manuscript is to introduce the program of social-emotional learning. Developed by the Centre for Healthy Minds (CHM) this program is called the Kindness Curriculum (CHM, 2017). Founded by the world renowned neuroscientist Dr. Richard J. Davidson, the Centre for Healthy Minds offers a kinder, wiser, more compassionate world.

Methodology. Qualitative research method was used in this study. The methods of documentary research, observation and interview were also applied. The Kindness Curriculum was employed as a documentary study. The target audience and the object of observation were primary school children aged 6 to 7, the teachers were interviewed.

Results. The mission of the centre is to cultivate kindness and relieve suffering through the scientific study of the mind. There are some social-emotional training programs, but the program developed by the centre is free. This program has been used by preschools and some researchers. The study involves the adaptation of the Kindness Curriculum to Turkish culture. The program contains twenty-four lessons in eight topics. These lessons include short stories, songs and entertaining games. The program can be conducted by one specialist both in preschool institutions and in primary classes. During the adaptation process, the program was translated into Turkish by two specialists and they controlled the entire translation process, which balanced the adaptation of the program by 80%. The benefits of the program for Turkish children have been studied by three psychologists. The program was used as a pilot research in the first grade of primary school.

Conclusions. There are many positive results of the program application implemented by teachers. Schools are encouraged to add this program to their curriculum, and there is a need for more experimental research on the usefulness of the proposed program.
Načini održavanja strojeva i opreme ovisno o vrstama procesa
proizvodnje obuće, odjeće i tekstila
Authors: Mikulčić Miroslav , Knezić Željko , Rogale Dubravko , Penava Željko
Published: April 2021

Kvalitetno održavanje strojeva i opreme treba biti u funkciji pouzdanog odvijanja tehnološkog procesa, a koncipira se još u fazi izrade planova proizvodnje obuće, odjeće i tekstila. Zbog različitosti tehnoloških procesa proizvodnje obuće, odjeće i tekstila uočljive su razlike u metodici održavanja strojeva i opreme ovisno o vrsti tehnološkog procesa, ali i o načinu organiziranja tehničke pripreme proizvodnje kao i postupaka te strategija održavanja u okviru cijelog proizvodnog procesa. U radu su analizirani pristupi i strategije načina održavanja proizvodnih strojeva i opreme, proizvodnih linija, energetskih instalacija kao i pomoćne opreme nužne za ispravno odvijanje tehnoloških procesa. Obrađeni su aspekti i metodologija promptnog nesustavnog održavanja kao i strateškog preventivnog održavanja u poznatim hrvatskim tvornicama za proizvodnju tekstila, odjeće i obuće karakterističnih po višedesetljetnim proizvodnim uspjesima i uzoritim postupcima održavanja strojeva, opreme, proizvodnih linija i energetskih instalacija.
UVEITIS ANTERIOR INFECCIOSA
Authors: Coghi Brenes Andrés , Fung Schmitz Ricardo
Published: April 2021

La uveítis anterior es causa de entre 5-10% de ceguera a nivel mundial. Existen diversos agentes etiológicos entre los que se encuentran los virus de la familia del Herpes y la rubéola, bacterias como T. sífilis, M. tuberculosis y L. interrogans, y parásitos como el T. gondii. Es usual que la presentación sea insidiosa; lo más común es dolor, ojo rojo, visión borrosa y fotofobia. También es usual encontrar precipitados queráticos y alteraciones en iris y cuerpo ciliar, los cuales suelen conllevar a un aumento de la presión intraocular. En muchos casos el diagnóstico suele ser difícil debido a la homogeneidad de la presentación clínica, por lo cual una sospecha clínica alta por la historia clínica, y el uso de diversas herramientas como, el cociente de Goldmann Witmer y RT-PCR. Existen diversos tratamientos dependiendo del agente etiológico que comprenden desde tratamiento sintomático como el tratamiento de una infección sistémica
THE EFFECT OF TAX AVOIDATION, EXCHANGE RATE, PROFITABILITY, LEVERAGE, TUNNELING INCENTIVE AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS ON THE DECISION TO TRANSFER PRICING
Authors: Apriani Nisa , Putri Trisandi Eka , Umiyati Indah
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of tax avoidance, exchange rate, profitability, leverage, tunneling incentives and intangible assets on transfer pricing decisions. The dependent variable in this study is transfer pricing which is proxied by the value of the related party transaction (RPT) of sales. The independent variables in this study are tax avoidance, exchange rate, profitability, leverage, tunneling incentives and intangible assets.

This study uses secondary data on financial reports or annual reports that have been published by companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2014-2018 period. By using purposive sampling method, the total overall sample in this study is 70 financial statements from 14 companies. The analytical method used uses logistic regression analysis.

The results of the analysis in this study indicate that the exchange rate, profitability, leverage, and intangible assets have a positive effect on the company's transfer pricing decision. While tax avoidance and tunneling incentives negatively affect company transfer pricing decisions.
İşyerinde Hatalardan Öğrenme Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: BİLGİNOĞLU Elif , YOZGAT Uğur
Published: April 2021

Mesleki/profesyonel öğrenme ve gelişim alanında, insanların yanılabilirlikleri ve hatalardan öğrenme konularına olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Araştırmacılar ve uygulayıcılar hatalardan öğrenmenin önemini fark etmiş olmakla birlikte konu üzerinde çok fazla araştırma yapılmamıştır ve işyerindeki hatalardan öğrenme süreçlerine dair eksiksiz bir kavrayış henüz mevcut değildir. Örgütlerin hataların olumlu sonuçlarından faydalanması için, çalışanları hatadan öğrenmeye teşvik eden koşulları daha iyi anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bauer ve Mulder (2010) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan İşyerinde Hatalardan Öğrenme Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye kazandırılmasıdır. Ölçek geçerleme çalışması kapsamında, ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerini değerlendirmek için iki farklı örneklemden, toplamda 455 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Veriler üzerinde keşfedici, doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ve test-tekrar test analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular orijinalde iki faktörlü olarak önerilen ölçeğinin aynı şekilde iki faktörlü (neden analizi ve strateji geliştirme) bir yapıda Türkçe’ye uygunluğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu bulguların teorik önemi ve etkileri geçmiş yazın ışığında tartışılmaktadır.
Uluslararası İşgücü Göçlerinin Ekonomik Etkileri: İşsizlik, Vergi Gelirleri, Verimlilik
Authors: ŞAHİN Levent , ŞEN Ali
Published: April 2021

İşsizlik, yüksek vergiler ve verimsizlik birçok ülkede görülen en önemli iktisadi sorunlardandır. Çünkü uzun süreli işsizlik ekonomik büyümeyi düşürmekte, toplumsal huzursuzluğa sebep olmaktadır. Çalışmada uluslararası işgücü göçünün işsizlik, vergi gelirleri ve verimlilik üzerindeki etkileri ayrı ayrı denklemler hazırlanarak araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bazı OECD ülkelerine yapılan uluslararası işgücü göçlerinin işsizlik, vergi gelirleri ve verimlilik üzerindeki etkilerini tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan farkı uluslararası işgücü göçüyle ilgili olarak işsizlik, vergi gelirleri ve verimlilik etkenlerini birlikte incelemesidir. Çalışmanın hipotezi uluslararası işgücü göçlerinin işsizliği, verimliliği ve vergi gelirlerini artırdığıdır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak panel veri analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz 2008-2018 yıllarını kapsamaktadır. Analiz sonucunda araştırmaya konu olan OECD ülkelerinde uluslararası işgücü göçünün işsizliği %0,02, verimliliği ise %0,002 oranında artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
De troco a souvenir: valorização da bala de banana enquanto patrimônio e as indicações geográficas
Authors: Oliveira Alini Nunes de
Published: April 2021

A diferenciação da qualidade de produtos devido à sua origem, que remete tanto aos aspectos culturais quanto físicos dos territórios, tem despertado o interesse da população que apresenta hábitos alimentares mais atenciosos quanto aos aspectos nutricionais, culturais, ambientais etc. Um dos mecanismos de diferenciação são as indicações geográficas (IG), que possibilitam a valorização do produto num contexto mercadológico, legal e também que o valorize enquanto patrimônio de dado território. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o processo de obtenção da IG Antonina para bala de banana, sobretudo no que se refere às possibilidades de valorização deste alimento como bem cultural que compõe o patrimônio cultural gastronômico do litoral do Paraná. Para isso, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de entrevista com uma produtora da região. A alimentação é um elemento sociocultural que permite conhecer os hábitos e costumes dos povos, além de ser base para produção e reprodução do patrimônio. Neste sentido, a bala de banana, por seu reconhecimento enquanto produto típico, também compõe o patrimônio regional e tem sido ainda mais valorizada durante o processo de obtenção da IG.
Application of Geo/chemical Barriers for Natural Waters Treatment
Authors:   Akhmetov T.O., Nazarov V.D., Goryachev V.S.
Published: April 2021

A developed technique of integrated treatment of surface natural watercourses in terms of pollutants typical for oil-producing regions with the method of horizontal filtering at the model of geo/chemical barrier with silicicated tiff granular filling has been presented. Effectiveness of the proposed method of polluted natural watercourses treatment has been experimentally proved, the water purification degree is high enough (up to 99–100 %).
Electrical Flotation of Fat-containing Waste Waters
Authors:   Maksimov E.A., Vasilyev V.I.
Published: April 2021

The process of fat-containing waste waters treatment with electrical flotation has been investigated. It has been shown that waste water treatment effectiveness id considerably higher when electric flotator with automatic regulation of the current density is used.
The Level of Snow Cover Contamination with Fluoride Compounds in the Emission Zone
of a Primary Aluminum Smelter
Authors: Lisetskaya LG , Shayakhmetov SF
Published: April 2021

Background: Fluoride compounds are one of the main components of industrial emissions from aluminum production. Natural deposition of fluorides with precipitation leads to their accumulation in soil and surface waters. In winter, the snow cover enables an assessment of industrial pollution with fluoride compounds. The objective of our work was to study fluoride levels in the snow cover in the emission zone of the primary aluminum smelter in the town of Shelekhov, Irkutsk Region. Materials and methods: Snow sampling was performed at nine points at different distances from the plant and fluoride concentrations were then measured in the aqueous fraction and solid precipitate by a potentiometric method with ion-selective electrode. Results: The aqueous fraction was a solution of hydrofluoride and sodium fluoride. Insoluble fluorides were found as a mixture of aluminum fluoride, calcium fluoride, cryolite, and aluminum tetrafluoride. We established that the soluble fraction exceeded 90 % in all snow samples. Within the urban agglomeration, snow pollution was distributed differentially. The total fluoride level in residential areas of Shelekhov was 14 to 21 times higher than that at the reference point. At the same time, in the area of a suburban rural settlement located downwind of the smelter, it reached a 33-fold excess. Conclusion: The main source of environmental pollution in the Shelekhovsky district of the Irkutsk Region is the processing of cryolite and fluoride salts in the primary aluminum production technological cycle generating fluorine-containing gaseous emissions and solid wastes. Concentrations of industrial pollutants in snow correlated with the distance from the source of emissions and the prevailing wind directions. Contribution of a heat power engineering enterprise to the industrial pollution of the local environment with fluorides was also revealed.
The Incidence of Enterobiasis in Children Attending Educational Institutions
of the Tyumen Region
Authors: Letyushev AN , Stepanova TF , Sharukho GV
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Enterobiasis remains a predominant invasion in the structure of parasitic diseases. At the same time, judging by the incidence rates of enterobiasis, the activity of the epidemic process differs significantly from one region to another and even between cities of one and the same region. The purpose of our study was to assess the intensity of the epidemic process of enterobiasis based on incidence rates and pinworm testing coverage in children aged 3 to 6 years attending preschools and schoolchildren aged 7 to 14 years in the Tyumen Region. Materials and methods: We analyzed data on the incidence of enterobiasis (per 100 thousand population) and pinworm testing coverage (%) per 100 children of two age groups (3 to 6 and 7 to 14 years old) by municipalities of the Tyumen Region in 2013–2017. The interval data were analyzed using methods of variation statistics. To test the hypothesis that the differences between samples were random, a univariate analysis of variance was used. Additionally, the mean difference was calculated and its 95 % confidence interval was determined. The strength of the relationship between two variables was measured using the coefficient of determination, i.e. the square of the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: We gave a comparative characteristic of the intensity of the epidemic process of enterobiasis based on the incidence and pinworm testing coverage data in 3 to 14-year-old children attending educational institutions of the Tyumen Region in 2013–2017 and assessed the deterministic relationship between the incidence rates of enterobiasis and the commitment of healthcare workers to pinworm detection testing in organized groups of children. Conclusions: We established that the incidence of pinworm infection in the child population of the Tyumen Region differed significantly between the administrative territories. It should be noted, however, that a relatively high incidence of enterobiasis in some areas was mainly attributed to a high pinworm testing coverage of children while in other areas a low coverage underestimated the incidence rate of enterobiasis and created a false impression of epidemiological welfare.