bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studying Deformations of Rectangular Slabs on the Elastic Base upon Its Partial Weakening
Authors: Kolesnikov A. G. , Ivanov A. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In today designing and construction, slabs laying on an elastic base are widely used as foundations of buildings and structures, road pavements, etc. Due to various impacts, the properties of a base can change over time, which inevitably affects the stress-strain state of a structure. Therefore, development of the analytical method for studying slab stress and deflection changes upon weakening a base the slab lays on is relevant.

Materials and Methods. The slabs on the elastic base were the objects of the research. The elasticity of a base was specified using the Pasternak model with two-bed coefficients. The derivation of the structure stress-strain state equations was presented taking into account the geometric nonlinearity. The system of differential equations was solved by the Bubnov-Galerkin method using approximative V.Z. Vlasov's beam functions. Such statement of a problem served to determine the stresses and deflections of a slab. The ratio determining the rate of fading of settlement deep inside a base was specified by a function enabling modeling various properties of a base beneath a slab.

Results. The results of deflection calculations obtained using the analytical formulas have been compared with the values obtained by means of software based on the finite element method. The possibility to model the decrease of base strength characteristics or base absence beneath a part of a slab has been shown. The values of deflections at various points of a slab in case of absence of the foundation beneath a part of a structure at the edge or in the centre have been investigated. Data obtained using the analytical formulas on the utmost values of a base beneath a part of a slab before its opposite edge begins to raise have been presented.

Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed statement of a problem can be used to investigate slab deflections and stresses occurring in its middle when the bearing capacity of a part of the subfoundation soil changes. The presented formula makes it possible to specify changes in the distribution of the bearing capacities of a base, it has several parameters offering wide opportunities for modeling the behaviour of a base. Graphs of deflection changes at different points of a slab are given, showing the possibilities to determine deflections of a slab on the elastic base upon base absence beneath a part of a slab at the edge (in the centre) or upon decrease in the strength of a base beneath a part of a slab. The size of the areas of base absence beneath a slab which keep the edge of a slab from raising is provided.
Suun terveydenhuollon tuottavuuseroja terveyskeskuksessa
Authors: Vehkalahti Miira , Helminen Seppo
Published: January 2025

Suun terveydenhuollon tuottavuutta arvioitiin Helsingin terveyskeskuksessa. Aineistona käytettiin terveyskeskuksen toimintatilastoja ja -tietoja vuodelta 1989. Tuotoksia mitattiin potilastoimenpiteillä ja -käynneillä. Tehtyjen toimenpiteiden markkinahinta laskettiin Suomen Hammaslääkäriliiton ohjeellisen hinnaston mukaan. Laskennallisena panosyksikkönä käytettiin terveyskeskushammaslääkärin virkaa koko tutkimusvuoden ajalta. Tuottavuuden vertailu tehtiin Helsingin terveyskeskuksen seitsemän suuralueen välillä. Suurempaa tuottavuutta ennakoivat järjestelmällisen hoidon painottuminen nuoriin ikäluokkiin ja avustavan henkilökunnan runsaus sekä oikomishoidon keskimääräistä suurempi osuus toimenpiteiden markkinahinnasta. Suun terveydenhuollossa tuotettujen toimenpiteiden ostaminen yksityissektorilta olisi tullut hieman kalliimmaksi kuin niiden tuottaminen maksoi terveyskeskuksen omana toimintana. Todellinen ero lienee kuitenkin ollut selvästi suurempi, koska terveyskeskuksessa tuotettujen palvelujen markkinahintaa laskettaessa ei voitu ottaa huomioon yksityissektorin hinnoittelusta puuttuvia toimintoja, kuten terveyskeskuksessa järjestettyjä terveysneuvonnan ja omahoidon harjoittelutilaisuuksia, palvelujen tuottamisen organisointia sekä toiminnan ja tulosten seurantaa.
Ohjelmoidun kuntoloman vaikutus tilanneahdistuneisuuteen
Authors: Salminen Simo , Liukkonen Jarmo
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten viiden päivän mittainen intensiivinen liikunta- ja rentousohjelma vaikuttaa työntekijöiden ahdistuneisuuteen. Kuntoremontti-kurssin 77 osanottajaa täyttivät Spielbergerin tilanneahdistuneisuusmittarin joka aamu ja ilta kurssin aikana. Kurssin havaittiin vähentäneen merkitsevästi tilanneahdistuneisuutta, mikä näkyi myös kaksi viikkoa myöhemmin tehdyssä seurantamittauksessa. Samoin rentousharjoitus vähensi ahdistuneisuutta, mutta liikuntaharjoitus puolestaan lisäsi sitä lievästi. Kurssi vaikutti myönteisimmin naisiin ja iäkkäisiin osanottajiin.
Hoitoonhakeutuneiden depressiopotilaiden työkykyisyyteen liittyvistä tekijöistä
Authors: Viinamäki Heimo , Jääskeläinen Juha
Published: January 2025

Depressiopotilaiden työkykyisyyteen liittyviä tekijöitä on tutkittu paljon. Selvitimme siksi Pohjois-Savossa psykiatrisessa erikoissairaanhoidossa olevien depressiopotilaiden (N = 650) tilanteen. Päädiagnoosina oli vakava masennustila 470 potilaalla ja krooninen masentuneisuus 180 potilaalla. Molemmissa diagnoosiryhmissä enemmistö oli naisia. Sekä miehet että naiset olivat pääosin keski-ikäisiä. Vakavaa masennustilaa potevista miespotilaista oli työkyvyttömät 70 % ja naisista 74 %. Kroonista masennustilaa sairastavista miespotilaista oli työkyvyttömät 56 % ja naispotilaista 64 %. Kaupunkilaiset olivat maaseudulla asuvia useammin työkyvyttömiä molemmissa diagnoosiryhmissä. Vähäinen peruskoulutus liittyi myös työkyvyttömyyteen. Yksinasuminen korreloitui työkyvyttömyyteen molemmissa diagnoosiryhmissä. Kahdenkeskisen hoitosuhteen olemassaolo liittyi vakavaa masennustilaa sairastavien miesten ja naisten työkykyisyyteen hoidon alussa, ja kroonista masentuneisuutta potevilla potilailla hoidon kestettyä yli kaksi vuotta. Kahdenkeskisen hoitosuhteen tiiviillä tapaamistiheydellä oli yhteys työkykyisyyteen vakava masennustila -potilailla, mutta krooninen masentuneisuus -ryhmässä yhteys ei ollut yhtä selvä. Työkyvyttömät masennuspotilaat käyttivät depressiolääkitystä työkykyisiä useammin. Myös runsas neuroleptilääkityksen käyttö liittyi työkyvyttömyyteen molemmissa diagnoosiryhmissä. Työkykyiset kroonista masentuneisuutta sairastavat potilaat saivat muita useammin bentsodiatsepiinilääkitystä.
Kuolevuuden käyttö terveydenhuollon käyttökustannusten valtionosuuden määrittämisessä
Authors: Alho Juha , Haimi Olavi
Published: January 2025

Uuden kuntien valtionapulain mukaan 24 % terveydenhuollon käyttöön liittyvistä kustannuksista valtionosuudesta määräytyy kunnan kuolevuussuhteen nojalla. Lakiteksti on tältä osin muodollisesti sekavaa ja se aiheuttaa tarkoittamatonta eriarvoisuutta kuntien välillä. Eriarvoisuus ilmenee selvimmin pienissä kunnissa, joissa kuolevuussuhde on erityisen altis satunnaisvaihtelulle. Satunnaisvaihtelun lisäksi tarkastelemme eri vakiointitapojen soveltuvuutta kuolevuuden erojen mittaamiseen sekä sukupuolen vakioinnin vaikutusta valtionavun oikeudenmukaisuuteen. Lopuksi pohdimme yleisesti kuolevuuden soveltuvuutta sairastavuuden mittariksi. On huolestuttavaa, että nykyisessä muodossaan laki palkitsee niitä kuntia, joissa kuolleiden määrä on poikkeuksellisen suuri.
Transaction cost theory, organisational ambidexterity, and digital platforms: an interpretative case study exploring the implementation of a business-to-business logistics digital platform in a South African organisation
Authors:   EU Business School, Geneva, Switzerland Digital Campus & Studio Navarra, UK, King Gary , Navarra Diego ,   EU Business School, Geneva, Switzerland Digital Campus & Studio Navarra, UK
Published: January 2025

Logistics costs represent a significant burden within South Africa's consumer packaged goods (CPG) manufacturing and retail supply chains. Amidst intensifying market competition and the pressing need for cost reduction, businesses are turning to digital platforms as a solution to optimise logistics efficiency while considering environmental sustainability. Despite the increasing interest in Business-to-Business (B2B) logistics digital platforms, limited case studies exist that explore their early-stage implementation, particularly in emerging markets.
This paper examines the implementation of a B2B logistics digital platform within a South African CPG company, using Transaction Cost Theory (TCT) and Organisational Ambidexterity as theoretical lenses. Through semi-structured interviews and an interpretative case study approach, this study investigates how the platform has enabled cost reductions and enhanced operational efficiencies. The findings reveal that the successful implementation of such platforms depends on a sustainable commercial model underpinned by reliability, trust, and transparency. The study also highlights the critical role of organisational ambidexterity in navigating the challenges posed by digital platform implementation in emerging markets.
South Africa-Africa trade: Implications for South Africa in intra-Africa trade with the African Continental Free Trade Area in place
Authors:   Rhodes University, Department of Economics and Economic History, South Africa, Mutambara Tsitsi Effie
Published: January 2025

South Africa’s trade was examined for the period 2001-2021 to give insights into current trade with Africa as this has implications for its trade in the African Continental Free Trade Area. The structure of goods traded, trade complementarity, ease of market access, trade intensity with regional groups, and its trade integration dimension with Africa were examined. Results show that (i) Africa is an important market for South Africa’s manufactured products with greater skill and technology content and there is ease of market access for these products into African markets; (ii) its trade with Africa is highly complementary; and (iii) it has strong trade linkages with Africa’s regional groups. This is a foundation which South Africa would utilise to consolidate, broaden and strengthen its trade in the AfCFTA because (i) more complementary trade opportunities would emerge which could be harnessed in addition to current opportunities; (ii) African markets would open up more as trade barriers are reduced further, allowing products more access; (iii) current trade linkages with regional groups would strengthen as trade barriers are reduced, thus broadening the scope of South Africa’s trade in Africa; and (iv) regional value chains and production clusters initiatives would arise as market access improves as well as when new and dynamic areas of comparative advantages emerge. While the AfCFTA offers opportunities for countries to tap into under-exploited export markets in other countries and to import cheaper inputs, there are challenges in accessing and utilising such opportunities due to various non-tariff barriers like trade infrastructure; unharmonised trade facilitation, documentation and procedures; as well as stiff competition.
The Critical Discourse Analysis of the 2022 Revised Technology Curriculum
Authors:   The Korean Association of Practical Arts Education, Chong hae-young , Kim ki-soo
Published: January 2025

This study critically analyzes the main discourses within the 2022 Revised Technology Curriculum, exploring how these discourses are constructed and identifying the underlying ideologies to offer insights into the curriculum. Employing Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis framework, the study analyzes the framework, guidebook, and Technology Curriculum documents of the 2022 Revised Curriculum. The analysis reveals two main discourses.
First, the “Subject-Centered and Subjectification of Technology” discourse integrates elements of subject-centered, student-centered, and competency-centered ideologies, emphasizing the academic identity of technology in alignment with holistic education. Second, the “Future-Oriented Image” discourse portrays technology as a driver of positive change for the future, highlighting its role in problem-solving and social progress while revealing underlying ideologies of technocentrism and neoliberalism.
The findings suggest the curriculum should further emphasize the active roles of both teachers and students, encouraging diverse approaches and greater agency from subjects engaging with the curriculum discourse. Furthermore, rather than focusing on efficiency, which is rooted in neoliberal ideology, the curriculum should emphasize cooperation and integration. By fostering close cooperation within educational communities based on a sense of community rather than competition, the curriculum’s practical effectiveness and sustainability can be enhanced.
PENERAPAN PELAJARAN MENGGAMBAR SECARA DIALOGIS BERBASIS PARADIGMA PEDAGOGI IGNASIAN LEARNING TO DRAW DIALOGICALLY BASED ON THE IGNATIAN PEDAGOGICAL PARADIGM
Authors: Bramasti Danang
Published: January 2025

Pelajaran menggambar dalam ekstrakulikuler mungkin hanya dianggap hobi yang tidak memiliki dampak berarti pada pembelajaran. Namun demikian, jika pelajaran tersebut dilaksanakan secara dialogis dengan menggunakan Kurikulum Berbasis Paradigma Pedagogi Ignasian maka hasilnya akan sangat kreatif dan kontekstual. Proses dialog dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan 3 jenis dialog yaitu, dialog sehari-hari, dialog epistemologis, dan dialog ontologis. Tulisan ini merupakan studi pustaka yang mempelihatkan bagaimana pelajaran menggambar secara dialogis dapat mencapai hal dasar yang dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran yaitu kreatif dan kontekstual. Sumber utama kajian ini adalah Kurikulum Berbasis Paradigma Pedagogi Ignasian yang diterbitkan oleh Asosiasi Sekolah Jesuit Indonesia. Sumber pendukung utama dalam kajian ini adalah buku SMP Kanisius Muntilan, Betlehem van Java (, 2024), yang berisi gambar dan tulisan dari 4 pelajar dari SMP Kanisius Muntilan.   Kata-kata kunci: Kurikulum Berbasis Paradigma Pedagogi Ignasian, dialog, kreatif, kontekstual, SMP Kanisius Muntilan. Drawing class as an extracurricular may seem simple. Drawing class may be considered just a hobby that does not have a significant impact on learning. However, if drawing class is implemented dialogically using the Curriculum based on Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm , the results will be very creative and contextual. The dialogue process is implemented using 3 types of dialogue, i.e. daily dialogue, epistemological dialogue, and ontological dialogue. This paper is a literature study that shows how drawing class that is held dialogically can achieve the basic things needed in learning, namely crative and contextual. The main source of this study is the Curriculum based on Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm published by the Association of Indonesian Jesuit Schools. The main supporting source of this study is a book called SMP Kanisius Muntilan, Betlehem can Java, which contain 4 drawings and writings from students at SMP Kanisius Muntilan.
MANAJEMEN KAJIAN KEISLAMAN BAGI MAHASANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN MUHAMMADIYAH AT-TANWIR METRO
Authors: Hasanudin  , Cahyono Heri , Widayat Prabowo Adi
Published: January 2025

Perencanaan Manajemen kajian keislaman mahasantri terkaper dalam Pondok Pesantren, yang memuat wewenang yang diberikan mundir dan wadir untuk mengatur sendiri rumah tanggah Pondok Pesantrennya. Dengan adanya wewenang ini memicu kreatifitas seorang mundir dan wadir sebagai menajer untuk mengembangkan Pondok Pesantren. Pelaksanaan Manajemen kajian keislaman melibatkan semua elemen Pondok Pesantren baik mundir dan wadir, ustadz-ustadzah, penjaga Pondok Pesantren Penilaian manajemen kajian keislaman berbentuk observasi, maksudnya semua ustadz terlibat dalam menilai-nilai keislaman mahasantri. 2) Faktor pendukung pada manajemen kajian keislaman bagi mahasantri adanya kelengkapan sarana prasarana, sistem informasi manajemen Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah At-Tanwir  yang bagus hingga seluruh kegiatan ada Standart Operating System dan tim kerja sama di Pondok Pesantren. 3) Faktor penghambat yang dihadapi manajemen kajian keislaman dalam pembinaan keislaman bagi  mahasantri meliputi media pembelajaran yang masih terbatas  kesadaran mahasantri untuk disiplin disebabkan masih labil secara usia. Kurangnya kesadaran ustadz-ustadzah dan keteladanan, faktor lingkungan, peranan wali mahasantri, kurangnya kesadaran dari pribadi mahasantri, terbatasnya pengawasan pihak Pondok Pesantren, kurangnya kesadaran para mahasantri, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF
Authors: Noormawanti  , Setyawati Eny , Sukma Hendri Setiabudi , Badrudin
Published: January 2025

Jurnal ini mengeksplorasi strategi manajemen pendidikan yang memanfaatkan teknologi untuk mendukung pembelajaran inovatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi praktik terbaik dalam pengintegrasian teknologi dalam kurikulum dan bagaimana hal ini dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada beberapa institusi pendidikan yang telah menerapkan teknologi dalam proses belajar mengajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi tidak hanya meningkatkan motivasi siswa tetapi juga memperluas akses terhadap sumber belajar yang lebih variatif. Jurnal ini diakhiri dengan rekomendasi untuk penerapan strategi yang lebih efektif di masa depan
Musical project as a phenomenon presenting secondary school students’ talents
Authors:   University of Ostrava, Ševčíková Veronika , Borůvková Markéta ,   Matiční gymnázium Ostrava, p.o.
Published: January 2025

The study presents authentic results of an original qualitative music education research conducted at a Czech high school (Matiční gymnázium Ostrava, p.o.). The research overlaps with music psychology and initially monitored a sample of 33 high school students actively participating in a school musical project; later another 7 from the same group were observed. The primary objective was to detect seemingly talented students and to diagnose in detail their recognized talents. Subsequently, both levels were compared. The study declares a significant potential of the musical project as a phenomenon presenting secondary school students’ talents.
History of Czech music education in the 19th and 20th centuries in the context of European music pedagogical trends
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Slavíková Marie
Published: January 2025

The current conception of music education in the Czech Republic draws on the excellent traditions of Czech music education in the past few centuries and on important European music pedagogical trends that have also significantly influenced it. In this article, we would like to recall the progressive ideas of the founders of modern music education in the 19th century, which should not be forgotten even today. We will then build on these to consider the new pedagogical thinking of 20th-century Europe, whose most important music education systems will be examined in terms of the demands of contemporary music education, which they have influenced.
Who’re You Calling a Nerd?: How Identity, Marketability, and Nostalgia Impact Depictions of the 1980s in Stranger Things
Authors: Forester Percevile
Published: January 2025

The video essay portion of this article is a close reading of the Netflix TV show Stranger Things (2016-present), utilizing key scenes from the series to conduct a textual analysis of the treatment of nerd identities in the show, as opposed to the treatment of marginal identities of race, sexuality and disability. Whilst, the accompanying essay draws from research in the fields of popular culture studies, fan studies, cultural studies, and media studies in order to examine the significance of the nerd identities present within the series, and how material experiences of oppression are offset via a nostalgic vision of 1980s popular culture. Ultimately, the text concludes that nerd identities are emphasised when exploring the characters’ marginalization as a means of preserving a nostalgic view of the 1980s in the US in order to successfully market the Netflix series to contemporary streaming audiences.
DU DESSAISISSEMENT DU JUGE ETATIQUE FACE A LA CONVENTION D’ARBITRAGE EN DROIT DE L’OHADA
Authors: MBAZI Grâce Beda , ANCIZA MIGANI Ryan , MURHULA BAHATI Pacifique , IRAGI NTWALI Valéry
Published: January 2025

The State Judge's Relinquishment of Jurisdiction over Arbitration Agreements under Ohada Law. The use of arbitration instead of state judges is increasingly popular in the business world. The parties to contracts thus prefer to choose a judge more quickly and less cumbersomely, with more confidentiality and less publicity. If the advantages of resorting to arbitration are undoubted, its effects leading to the total withdrawal of state jurisdictions attract the attention of many. The incompetence of the judge due to arbitration then tends to completely rule out the latter, which merits a better understanding of the powers and competence of the arbitrator and a good understanding of the place of the state judge in the arbitration procedure.
ELITE POLITIQUE ET SOUVERAINETE DE LA REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO. POUR LA CONQUETE DE LA PAIX DES TERRITOIRES DE FIZI ET UVIRA, SUD-KIVU EN R. D. CONGO
Authors: ASSISA Jassalh Saleh
Published: January 2025

Elite Politics and Sovereignty in the Democratic Republic of Congo. For Lasting Peace in The Fizi and Uvira Territories, South Kivu in D.R. Congo. Respect for the sovereignty of Congo-Kinshasa is an issue that has remained a preoccupation. This has been the case since its birth on July 1, 1885, in the Berlin Conference. This sovereignty has been flouted both internally and externally for 138 years. Intra- and inter-community tensions have taken root in every territory, with Fizi and Uvira being particularly hard hit. There is a real contrast with the euphoria that would have us believe that the post-colonial period would be one of celebration and universal deliverance, of man's rise to the highest degree of his symbolic faculties, etc. Jean Claude Willame describes the dreams of the first Congolese "évolués", auxiliaries of white power, as being about the beautiful cars, mansions, etc., that they would be able to acquire at the moment of independence. Thomas Kanza puts it this way: "We were happy to be ministers ... we used to discuss which offices we would occupy, where we would live, how we would divide up among ourselves. The various regimes since the assassination of the 1st Prime Minister Patrice-Emery Lumumba to Félix Antoine Tshisekedi, have been characterized by the "zombification of power" and the decline of democratic governance.
DIASPORA BELONGING BETWEEN EXCLUSIONARY ISOLATIONIST DISCOURSES AND COSMOPOLITAN IDEALS
Authors: STAN Teodor
Published: January 2025

Reviewed literature on “long-distance nationalism” with its roots in methodological nationalism and more recent constructivist theoretical frameworks that allow for the fluidity of identity, intersectionality of social power dynamics and regard for the immigrant connectivity and simultaneity of virtual presences, provide us with a spectrum of analytical lenses. The mechanism that explains either isolationist, exclusivist tendencies in some migrants or their agency as envisaged promoters of cosmopolitan lifestyles, rests in the stories migrants tell about themselves and how they choose to structure emotional affinity into identity constructs of self and others. While accommodating the theoretical framework of seeing diasporas as transnational digital networks or as amorphous “imagined communities” potentially molded by political elites, this article chooses to consider diaspora affiliation as a category of social practice, fulfilling psychosocial needs of self-actualization. This theoretical framework provides the basis for semi-structured autobiographic interviews and analysis of narratives, as artefacts structuring the basis of belonging and othering within first- and second-generation of Romanian American migrants. This analysis may help examine how diaspora engagement with state actors is decoupled from the native territory’s evolution and governance. It also intends to be the basis for recommendations for further research to better understand transatlantic diasporas and to inform potential policy making with regards to engaging diaspora community entities in promoting cultural identity resilience, skills that protect and promote the positive anchoring of members.
THE DIPLOMACY OF THE HOLY SEE IN THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT
Authors: MERUȚIU Monica
Published: January 2025

This article explores the Holy See’s enduring impact, moral authority, religious diplomacy, and peacebuilding efforts in one of the world’s most protracted conflicts. It examines the Holy See’s engagement, from its early support of the 1947 UN Partition Plan to its 2015 official recognition of the State of Palestine, emphasizing its advocacy for peaceful coexistence and the rights of both Israelis and Palestinians. Key milestones include the 1993 Fundamental Agreement with Israel, the 2000 Basic Agreement with the Palestinian Liberation Organization, and Pope Francis’s groundbreaking 2014 prayer meeting with Israeli and Palestinian leaders. Through decades of humanitarian aid, interfaith dialogue, and moral diplomacy, the Vatican has sought to elevate the global discourse on justice, human dignity, and reconciliation. Despite the limitations imposed by entrenched political complexities, the Vatican continues to advocate for a two-state solution, the protection of Jerusalem’s sacred status, and an end to violence.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN DENGAN IMBANGAN JERAMI DAN KONSENTRAT YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PROFIL DIFERENSIAL LEUKOSIT SAPI PASUNDAN BETINA
Authors: Siti Masitoh April Liani
Published: January 2025

Pemberian pakan pada ternak dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan yang secara langsung akan berkaitan dengan produktivitas. Status kesehatan ternak dapat diketahui melalui beberapa parameter hematologi, termasuk diferensial leukosit. Leukosit memegang peranan penting pada sistem pertahanan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diferensial leukosit sapi pasundan betina yang diberi imbangan jerami dan konsentrat yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan 17 ekor sapi pasundan dengan umur 1,5-3 tahun. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental pakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan diantaranya P1 : 70% Jerami + 30% Konsentrat; P2 : 60% Jerami + 40% Konsentrat; dan P3 :  50% Jerami + 50% Konsentrat. Lama pemeliharaan selama 90 hari dengan pengambilan darah sebanyak 4 kali pada D0, D28, D60, dan D84. Parameter yang diukur yaitu persentase Basofil, Eosinofil, Neutrofil, Monosit, dan Limfosit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian berbagai imbangan jerami dan konsentrat yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap diferensial leukosit. Berbagai imbangan jerami dan konsentrat yang diberikan pada penelitian ini tidak memberikan efek negatif terhadap profil leukosit.
El islam y el intercambio colombino
Authors: Taboada Hernán G. H.
Published: January 2025

El intercambio colombino se estudió primero en relación con Europa y América; posteriormente se exploraron las dimensiones asiáticas y africanas. Resulta útil observar, en este contexto, la actitud de las regiones islámicas respecto a los productos americanos: en vez de la desconfianza y el rechazo inicial de Europa, India y China, en el islam dichos productos fueron acogidos en fecha temprana e incorporados profundamente a la cultura culinaria. Ello se debe a factores climáticos, pero sobre todo a una larga historia de adopción de especies vegetales que tuvo como episodio central la llamada “revolución agrícola árabe”.
Paisajes en vilo del Sinofonoceno en la obra del videoartista taiwanés Yuan Goang-Ming
Authors: Figliulo Roberto
Published: January 2025

Taiwán es un país que ha nacido en vilo: políticamente, por su relación con China continental, y ecológicamente, por su posición y su conformación geográficas. En este artículo analizo la obra del artista taiwanés Yuan GoangMing, que a lo largo de su carrera ha presentado la complejidad de su país a través de un filtro casi siempre muy personal. El contexto es el del “Sinofonoceno”, concepto reciente que se refiere a la contribución activa al desastre del Antropoceno del mundo sínico en las últimas décadas. La de Yuan es una mirada al mismo tiempo premonitoria y nostálgica, que puede considerarse en vilo entre pasado, presente y futuro.
Fermented drink based on secondary raw milk materials
Authors: Berulava Irma , Silagadze Maria , Kovbasa Volodymyr , Pkhakadze George , Khetsuriani Gulnara , Rukhadze Marita
Published: January 2025

http://nuft.edu.ua/doi/doc/ufj/2024/4/6.pdf 708-722
Development Of Explosion Box Media Recognizing Culinary Heritage
Authors: Nurjanah Nunung , Firyal Fadila Fikri , Saputri Anggi Martiningtyas Januwati , Effendi Muhammad Idris
Published: January 2025

The objectives of this research: 1) produce a product in the form of explosion box media; 2) analyze the suitability of the explosion box media; 3) analyze the effectiveness of the explosion box media. This Development Research or RD uses Sugiyono's development model, the stages it goes through include: 1. potential and problems; 2. data collection; 3. product design; 4.design validation; 5. design revision; 6. product testing, and 7. product revision. The research subjects were media experts and material experts who acted as validators, as well as language experts, with one expert each and 30 respondents aged between 7 and 13 years who lived in Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan Malang. Data collection uses questionnaires and assessment sheets from material experts, language experts and media experts to evaluate how effective the explosion box media is. Produce: 1) explosion box media getting to know the Kampoeng Heritage Culinary of Kajoetangan Malang; 2) the explosion box media recognizes that the Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan Malang Culinary is suitable for use, this is in accordance with the results of validation by material experts who gave a score of 87.5%, media experts 88.6%, and language experts 84.3%; 3.) shows the effectiveness of the explosion box media to get to know the culinary delights of Kampoeng Heritage Kajoetangan Malang which was tested using a validity test and a reliability test which showed a result of 0.755 which means reliable.
Analysis of the Use of AI (Artificial Intelligence) Based Learning Media in State Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Langkat Regency
Authors: Sari Darmaida
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of the use of AI (Artificial Intelligence) based learning media in Vocational High Schools in Langkat Regency. This is qualitative study with a descriptive approach. There are four State Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Langkat Regency namely SMK Negeri 1 Pematang Jaya, SMK Negeri 1 Serapit, SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Pura, and SMK Negeri 1 Stabat which are the places of research. Totally there are 20 teachers from four schools became informants in this study. In this study, data collection used is in-depth interviews. The findings of the study show the use of AI in the classroom learning process as a teaching medium is still far from effective. Many teachers have not used AI as their learning media. Most teachers already know about AI generally, but the use of AI in education as a learning medium is still not widely known and implemented. Even some teachers still do not know what AI (Artificial Intelligence) actually is. Supporting facilities and infrastructure such as: Unstable or even lost internet connection, limited WIFI, Projectors, PCs that do not support are some of the reasons why AI is still not effective as a learning medium in the classroom. It is hoped that socialization, workshops and training on the use of AI for teachers can be carried out by the central education office and local education offices to increase awareness of technology.
Demographic and lifestyle characteristics impact lifetime prevalence of owner-reported intervertebral disc disease: 43,517 companion dogs in the United States
Authors: Wee Crystal , Nin Darren Z.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a debilitating spinal condition that has been well studied among Dachshunds. However, little is known about IVDD prevalence across other dog breeds and associated lifestyle risk factors. The purpose of this study was to identify lifetime prevalence, demographic, and lifestyle factors associated with IVDD among a large population of companion dogs in the US.

Methods

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted with the Dog Aging Project database. Companion dogs enrolled between December 26, 2019, and December 31, 2022, were included. The primary outcome was lifetime prevalence of owner-reported IVDD (OR-IVDD). Associations between OR-IVDD, demographic, and lifestyle factors were evaluated with multivariate logistic regression.

Results

43,517 dogs (female, 49.6% [21,582 of 43,517]; purebred, 50.3% [21,910 of 43,517]) were included in the study. Lifetime prevalence of OR-IVDD was 1.2% (520 of 43,517). On adjusted analysis, male (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.64), purebred (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.01), toy and small (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.27), and overweight (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.38 to 2.01) dogs had increased odds of OR-IVDD. Lifestyle factors associated with reduced odds of OR-IVDD include higher daily active time, being on a commercial diet, and regular use of a staircase. Dachshunds had the highest lifetime prevalence of OR-IVDD (15.3% [83 of 541]). Among purebred dogs, French Bulldogs had the highest odds of OR-IVDD (OR, 21.1; 95% CI, 12.5 to 35.8) on adjusted analysis.

Conclusions

Owner-reported IVDD is impacted by demographic and lifestyle factors such as breed status, daily active time, and staircase use.

Clinical Relevance

An increased focus on breed-specific research of French Bulldogs would be beneficial considering breed popularity and lifetime prevalence of OR-IVDD. Further longitudinal research is needed to assist with clinical decision-making and lifestyle recommendations.
Legal Policy of Modern Russia in the Sphere of Patriotic Upbringing: Content and Key Prioritie
Authors: Subochev V. V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. One of the significant features of the mechanism of legal regulation in the 21st century is the inclusion of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, one of which is patriotism, in the object field of legal regulation. Despite the very convincing grounds for this, the state, and, consequently, legal strategy in the sphere of preserving and strengthening traditional spiritual and moral values and patriotic upbringing, in particular, needs both conceptualization and systematization.

Materials and methods. The presented study used both general scientific and specific scientific methods of cognition of the legal life of modern Russian society, among which we can highlight dialectical, structural-functional, systemic, formal-dogmatic, legal modeling, etc.

The results of the study. The paper offers the author's vision of the essence and content of legal policy in the sphere of patriotic upbringing, demonstrates its significant potential in creating an effective mechanism for legal regulation of relations related to the formation of love and respect for the Motherland, a sense of loyalty to it, readiness to protect its interests and contribute to the strengthening and prosperity of the state. The key priorities of legal policy in the sphere of patriotic upbringing are formulated taking into account the challenges and threats that are relevant to Russia.

Discussion and conclusion. The study substantiates the position that legal policy, being a strategic, systemic, multi-subject and scientifically substantiated activity in the field of law, allows not only to unite the efforts of both public authorities and civil society institutions in the creation and implementation of conditions for patriotic upbringing, but also to integrate into a single, comprehensive legal strategy law-making, law-implementation, law-interpretation, educational and other activities in the field of patriotic upbringing due to the fact that these areas of activity act as forms of implementation of the legal policy itself.
Extraterritoriality of the Application of Constitutional Norms in the USA: a View from a Constitutional and Legal Perspective
Authors: Kremyanskaya E. A. , Kuznetsova T. O.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The problem of extraterritoriality of the application of American law and, in particular, constitutional norms has become especially relevant in recent decades in connection with the adoption and application of a number of regulations whose effect extends directly beyond the borders of the United States and significantly affects the interests of independent states. In this regard, scholars and legal practitioners often turn to this issue to determine what is the legal basis for the application of extraterritoriality, as well as what judicial and doctrinal approaches to resolving this issue exist in the United States of America itself. It should be noted that some states understand the principle of extraterritoriality very broadly, when a state goes beyond its own jurisdiction. A similar situation is observed in the United States. In this article, authors turn to the history of the extraterritoriality of legal norms in the United States, analyze in detail the practice of the Supreme Court and identify different vectors of development of this concept in American law and judicial practice.

Materials and methods. During the study, general scientific methods were used, including methods of cognition, description, analysis and special methods, such as comparative legal, formal legal, structural legal.

Reseach results. The study showed that despite the long history of resolving the issue of extraterritoriality of a number of American legal norms, the vector of development of this concept has changed significantly over time, which is directly confirmed by the corresponding analysis of the practice of the US Supreme Court and a number of lower courts. The modern trend is to use more balanced approaches that take into account a variety of factors, such as the territory of the act and the citizenship of the party.

Discussion and conclusion. The conducted research revealed that increasing attention is being paid to the analysis of the issue of the balance of power in the system of separation of powers, as well as to issues of national security in connection with the development of the concept of extraterritoriality. The development of the judicial practice of the Supreme Court of the United States has a significant impact on the activities of executive authorities and affects the standards for resolving judicial disputes in lower courts. When resolving the issue of extraterritoriality, it is very important to maintain modern diplomatic approaches and, in particular, to maintain the principle of reciprocity and not to create a threat to the sovereignty of other states.
The Concept and Signs of Remote Crimes
Authors: Zezyulina T. A. , Gorshkova N. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article provides a comprehensive criminal law study of remote crimes. The modern doctrine of criminal law in this field is analyzed. It is established that the opinions of modern scientists regarding the legal understanding of the category of "remote crime" differ. Some authors reveal this category through theft committed using various achievements of the IT industry, which we recognize as a narrow approach. Other researchers rightly expand the boundaries of the remote method of criminal activity, bringing under the category of "remote crime" any crime that is prohibited by criminal law and excludes direct physical contact between the victim and the subject of the crime. In this regard, it is proved that remote crimes, which today form a separate independent group of a wide variety of socially dangerous acts, are endowed with special legally significant signs.

Materials and methods. Are presented by referring to the modern doctrine of criminal law, criminology and the practice of applying criminal law in law enforcement, as well as the complex use of such general scientific methods as dialectics, logic, comparison, juxtaposition, induction, deduction, generalization, division, as well as the following private scientific methods of cognition: comparative legal, formal-logical, system-structural, content analysis and mathematical.

Research results. The analysis made it possible to consider theoretical and legal approaches to the interpretation of remote crimes, clarify the concept of remote crimes in modern criminal law, study modern judicial practice on the issues of applied interpretation and criminal qualification of remote crimes, identify and characterize the key objective and subjective signs of these crimes, focus on the increasing criminogenic potential of crimes committed at a distance and their increased public danger to ordinary citizens, so it is for the security of society and the state as a whole.

Discussion and conclusion. Remote crimes are a special kind of socially dangerous acts prohibited by criminal law, committed in conditions of territorial separation between the subject of the crime and the object of the crime (victim), as well as characterized by the absence of direct physical contact between them, including with full or partial mediation of criminal actions (inaction). The signs that distinguish remote crimes from other types of crimes are accumulated in the objective side and characterize a special method and a special environment in which a socially dangerous act finds its development.
The Impact of the Digital Divide on the Development of Network Markets (Using the Example of the Video Services Market)
Authors: Strelets I. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The problem of the digital divide appeared in the 21st century as a result of the dynamic spread of digital technologies and it very soon became the center of numerous studies and scientific discussions. Today the digital divide is considered to be an urgent socio-economic problem that is widely discussed in the scientific community both in the context of asymmetric access to the social infrastructure (in the context of unequal access to education, healthcare, socially significant information through the use of communication technologies) and in the context of the impact of the digital divide on various significant aspects of a person’s life. The impact of the digital divide is felt in the real and monetary spheres, at the level of individuals and at the level of society, in the markets of goods and services. In this article, we suppose to analyze the impact of the digital divide on the development of network markets (using the example of the video services market).

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study consists of the following research methods: the method of comparative analysis; the method of synthesis; the method of complex analysis of the socio-economic phenomenon; the method of formal logic; the statistical method.

Reseach results. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the digital divide affects the development of network markets in several directions: the dynamics of growth through the possibility of access and the content of potential consumers; the speed of the distribution of network externalities through an increase in the number of consumers; the consumption structure and attributes of network goods through product personalization, taking into account the specifics of a particular digital divide.

Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the article states the necessity to take into account the factors of the digital divide influence both on a company operating in the video services market and on a country interested in the development of the video services market. Considering these factors will allow them to be used in order to optimize the behavior of players in this market. Among the problems hindering the more dynamic development of the video services market in Russia, in addition to the standard challenges (income level, specifics of the digital divide, price limits), it should be noted the continuing negative experience of illegitimate players’ behavior in the market, representing some sort of an institutional trap.
Brazilian Road Bridge Management Based On Probabilistic Markov Process Deterioration Models
Authors: Oliveira Caroline Buratto de Lima e , Greco Marcelo , Greco Jisela Aparecida Santanna
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of applying the Markov chain method, with the aim of obtaining deterioration models for road bridges in Brazil.
 
Theoretical Framework: The concept of Condition Index (CI), the determination of the probability transition matrix and deterioration models based on Markov chains are presented.
Method: The methodology is based on inspection records of highway bridges inspected by the Agência Nacional de Transporte Terrestre (ANTT) in three sections of different federal highways, based on annual records of condition indexes from 2010 to 2016.
 
Results and Discussion: The deterioration models indicate that in the bridges of the analyzed highway sections, BR-040/MG/RJ, BR-101/RJ and BR-116/BA, the transition from CI=4 to CI=3 is observed in 10 years. The bridges on the BR-040/MG/RJ highway also drop from maximum CI=5 to CI=3 in just 10 years.
 
Research Implications: The results obtained can be applied or influence practices in the field of Transportation Engineering in Brazil. The implications cover the passenger and cargo transportation sectors.
 
Originality/Value: The study uses real data from inspections of highway bridges from a specific period of time. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the achievement of bridge deterioration models, which constitute fundamental tools for planning, managing and preparing public works concession notices.