bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Фізична особа – підприємець як суб’єкт вчинення «Зловживання повноваженнями службовою особою юридичної особи приватного права незалежно від організаційно-правової форми»
Authors: Мельниченко В. С.
Published: April 2021

У статті досліджується досить дискусійне питання на предмет того, чи можна вважати фізичну особу – підприємця службовою особою загалом і зокрема службовою особою юридичної особи приватного права. Саме це і є метою статті. Встановлюється поняття суб’єкта, а також те, що суб’єкт кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого статтею 364-1 Кримінального кодексу України, є спеціальним – службова особа юридичної особи приватного права незалежно від організаційно-правової форми. Наводиться визначення службової особи, яке передбачено частиною 3 статті 18 Кримінального кодексу України, відповідно до якої основними ознаками службової особи є наявність в неї організаційно-розпорядчих та адміністративно-господарських функцій, про які більш детально зазначається у Постанові Пленуму Верховного Суду України «Про судову практику у справах про хабарництво». У статті наголошується на тому, що фізичну особу – підприємця слід визнавати службовою особою юридичної особи приватного права, якщо він здійснює організаційно-розпорядчі або адміністративно-господарські функції. На підтвердження даної позиції наводяться приклади судової практики. Щодо визнання фізичної особи – підприємця безпосередньо суб’єктом кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого ст. 364-1 Кримінального кодексу України, то вказане питання розкривається через аналіз цивільного законодавства та відповідної судової практики. Розглядаються організаційно-правові форми юридичних осіб приватного права, а також зазначається те, що до фізичних осіб – підприємців застосовуються ті ж самі нормативно-правові акти, що регулюють діяльність юридичних осіб. Наголошується на тому, що фізична особа – підприємець у господарських відносинах бере участь не як фізична особа, а як суб’єкт підприємницької діяльності, що робить його подібним до юридичних осіб. Робиться висновок, що фізичну особу – підприємця за певних умов слід визнавати суб’єктом кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого статтею 364-1 Кримінального кодексу України.
Human trafficking and the T visa process: Insights from legal representatives working with victims from Latin America.
Authors: Novak E. A. , Kulig T. C. , Doña-Reveco C.
Published: April 2021

Human trafficking occurs when traffickers use force, fraud, or coercion to compel individuals to provide labor or services—broadly known as labor or sex trafficking. Traffickers often take advantage of individuals who are perceived as vulnerable, including those lacking immigration status. In response, the United States Congress created a T nonimmigrant status (also referred to as a T visa) in October 2000 to protect immigrant victims and to strengthen law enforcement’s ability to investigate these crimes. The current study sought to examine the trafficking experiences of foreign national victims from Latin America specifically by interviewing legal representatives who assist these individuals in Nebraska. These representatives were selected due to their intimate knowledge of the T visa process and their unique position to identify human trafficking victims during legal consultations. Interviews were conducted via Zoom with six individuals who provided rich insights into 22 cases involving victims of human trafficking from Latin America. The findings include an overview of the legal representatives who encountered these cases, describes the trafficking experience of victims from Latin America, explores the challenges of filing for a T visa, examines the role of service providers in addressing clients’ needs, and reviews the legal representatives’ perceptions of barriers to trafficking cases. The report concludes with policy implications that are useful to individuals or institutions (e.g., agencies, legal representatives, law enforcement) in anti-trafficking initiatives.
The Comprehensive Environmental Management Model in Post-Covid19 Era
Authors: Nandy Monomita , Marocchi Giovanni , Lodh Suman , Corradini Alessandro
Published: April 2021

To restrict the adverse impact of Green House Gas there is a need of rapid action for transformation of the current situation to achieve the targets mentioned by the United Nations Programme. The coronavirus crisis generated additional challenges but also generated a provision for companies to develop a sustainable model in the recovery period by incorporating the non-financial aspect of green environment in their business model. In this paper, we identify some of the main problems of the existing projects related to Green House Gas control and propose the Dragon Value System with a potentiality of overcoming the drawbacks of the existing models. We find a comprehensive environmental management model that will be opportunity driven, based on certain financial assets associated with wide spectrum of stakeholders and applicable by company of any size. The findings of the paper will contribute to the academic literature related to environmental management and SDG 7. The proposed model will assist the investors to identify a comprehensive model to invest and could generate new public-private partnership to apply highly beneficial and comprehensive environmental management model.
Modeling US Dollar and Nigerian Naira Exchange Rates During COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Identification of a High-performance Model for New Applications
Authors: Obite Chukwudi Paul , Nwosu Ugochinyere Ihuoma , Bartholomew Desmond Chekwube
Published: April 2021

This study modeled the US Dollar and Nigerian Naira exchange rates during COVID-19 pandemic period using a classical statistical method – Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) – and two machine learning methods – Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Random Forest (RF). The data were divided into two sets namely: the training set and the test set. The training set was used to obtain the parameters of the model, and the performance of the estimated model was validated on the test set that served as new data. Though the ARIMA and random forest performed slightly better than the neural network in the training set, their performance in the test set was poor. The neural network with 5 nodes in the input layer, 5 nodes in the hidden layer and 1 node in the output layer (ANN (5,5,1)) performed better on the new data set (test set) and is chosen as the best model to forecast for future USD to NGN exchange rate. The information from the high-performance model (ANN (5, 5, 1)) for modeling the USD to NGN exchange rate will assist econometric trading of the currencies and offer both speculative and precautionary assistance to individuals, households, firms and nations who use the currencies locally and for international trade.
Relationship between Mother's Knowledge of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding for Nursing Mothers in the Operational Area of the Sudiang Primary Health Center
Authors: Wahyuni Dian , Rosdianah  , Asriani
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding only in the first 6 months without drinks or other additional foods. There are several factors that influence breastfeeding behavior, one of which is the mother's knowledge. This research was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding behavior

Methods: This study used an analytic observational study design with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is breastfeeding mothers who have children aged 6-24 months in the working area of Sudiang Health Center. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 262 people. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires by respondents.

Results: The results showed that mothers

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding only in the first 6 months without drinks or other additional foods. There are several factors that influence breastfeeding behavior, one of which is the mother's knowledge. This research was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding behavior

Methods: This study used an analytic observational study design with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is breastfeeding mothers who have children aged 6-24 months in the working area of Sudiang Health Center. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 262 people. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires by respondents.

Results: The results showed that mothers who have high knowledge and provide exclusive breastfeeding are more than 56.1%. Analysis of the two variables shows the value of p = 0.000. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding behavior

Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Sudiang Health Center.

Keywords: Mother's Knowledge; Breastfeeding; Exclusive Breastfeeding

who have high knowledge and provide exclusive breastfeeding are more than 56.1%. Analysis of the two variables shows the value of p = 0.000. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding behavior

Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Sudiang Health Center.

Keywords: Mother's Knowledge; Breastfeeding; Exclusive Breastfeeding
Validation of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnostic Scale for Children
Authors: Devkota Narmada , Subba Shishir , Devkota Janardan , Regmee Jaya , Pokhrel Deepika
Published: April 2021

Background: There is no valid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnostic tool to fit Nepalese culture and language till date. Current study is intended to develop and validate the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder scale for children in Nepal.Methods: Mixed method study was conducted with 840 samples (i.e. children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder =356, Anxiety =128 and General Population=356).Items generation, scale development and scale evaluation were the three consecutive steps followed to develop and validate the scale.Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (already met the Diagnostic and statistical Manual-5 criteria) were further assessed by Kiddie-Schedule for Affective disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL), Child and Adolescent Symptoms Inventory (CASI-5) to confirm the diagnosis and psychometric validation. Pilot studies were done for items clarity. Each data obtained from three comparison groups (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , Anxiety and General Population) were included for standardization process where tests of dimensionality, reliability, validity,calculating norms (cut off) were doneas scale evaluation process.Results: The final version of the scale had 21 items. Three sub-scales (Inattention, Impulsivity and Hyperactivity) were identified by using Principal Axis Factor Analysis.All factors showed strong statistically significant convergent validity and Discriminant validity Cronbach’s alpha of each item is ? 0.91.As total score criteria, 38.5 is considered as the best cut-off point for this scale.Conclusions: By using systematic process, a valid and reliable Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnostic scale is being developed in Nepalese culture and language.Keywords: ADHD; development and validation; executive function.
Peer Review Initiatives in Nepal
Authors: Hamal Pawan Kumar , Dangal Ganesh
Published: April 2021

NA
Diagnóstico do uso e cobertura de terra e a qualidade da água superficial da microbacia do Pau Amarelo em São Francisco do Pará
Authors: Sousa Rafael de Lima , Vale Julinho Brito do , Barbosa Ana Julia Soares da Silva , Silva Tulio Lima da , Sousa Veronica Conceição
Published: April 2021

O crescimento populacional demanda novas áreas para desempenho das atividades humanas. No entanto, essas atividades influenciam diretamente na qualidade e na disponibilidade hídrica. Este estudo foi conduzido a partir da hipótese de que as atividades que compõe o cenário de uso e cobertura da terra em uma microbacia hidrográfica no município de São Francisco do Pará - PA, podem estar causando o comprometimento da qualidade da água superficial da mesma. Para tanto, o objetivo geral desse trabalho busca estabelecer a relação de influência do uso e cobertura da terra de atividade humana sobre a conservação e qualidade da água dos recursos hídricos superficial da Microbacia do Pau Amarelo, em São Francisco do Pará – PA. propõe-se diagnosticar a atual situação do uso e cobertura de terra e analisar as variáveis que norteiam a qualidade da água superficial da Microbacia Hidrográfica do Pau Amarelo, levando em consideração a homogeneidade das classes de uso e cobertura nas adjacências do curso principal e trecho dos afluentes da microbacia. A elaboração de um mapa de uso e ocupação da terra em software de Sistema de Informação Geográfica - GIS, objetivando relacionar os diferentes cenários com a qualidade da água. A interpretação dos dados permitiu concluir que o uso e cobertura da terra na área da microbacia hidrografia do Pau amarelo é integrada majoritariamente pela Capoeira (48,1%) e Pastos (24,1%), seguidos por áreas de mata densa (9,7%), cultivo (8,8%), edificada (3,03%), além de outros usos (6,3%). Os resultados revelam ligeira relação entre os múltiplos usos e cobertura da terra nas variáveis físico-quimicas e microbiológicas da água, fato que não proporciona um gradiente muito bem definido de algumas variáveis analisadas. Ao submeter os parâmetros a análise do IQA, foi observado que o ponto de monitoramento próximo a “área de solo exposto ou edificada” apresentaram o menor índice, enquanto que em áreas classificadas como “capoeira” possibilitaram a ascendência do IQA. O estudo em nível de microbacia conseguiu representar o estado de uso do solo e sua influência na qualidade da água.
Cenário da publicação científica sobre a Indústria 4.0 no Brasil: Uma revisão bibliométrica
Authors: Ivale André Henrique , Silva Mario César da , Nääs Irenilza de Alencar
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar a implementação da indústria 4.0 no Brasil. Foi realizado o levantamento bibliográfico dos artigos científicos e publicações das instituições que estudam os modelos tecnológicos e industriais. Os artigos tiveram como critério de avaliação e inclusão a data de publicação (2012-2019) e o idioma (português), com foca nas áreas de Engenharia de Produção. A análise dos artigos indica que as pesquisas brasileiras apontam como base desta nova indústria a internet das coisas, sistemas ciber-físicos, automação, big data e inteligência artificial como temas importantes. O presente estudo ponta que o modelo da indústria 4.0 é o novo a nova tendência para atender a um mercado cada vez mais exigente, flexível e fortemente voltado para a era digital. A formação do Engenheiro de Produção deve atender também a estas demandas.
The use of digital videos in Edpuzzle and its influence on the performance of Accounting students at a brazilian public institution
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina da , Silva Breno Gabriel da , Borges Yana Miranda , Marques Claudio
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study was to verify the influence of digital videos, using the Edpuzzle tool, on the performance of accounting students. This technological resource was used in four subjects of the Accounting Science Course through the students cell phones. The research used a quantitative approach, with the participation of 164 students. The study consisted of a quasi-experiment, with two tests being applied, called pre-test and post-test, in order to compare the performance between the control and experimental groups. The statistical results indicated that there were no significant differences between the groups, similar information was obtained when crossing between the pre-test and post-test scores. The findings, despite not confirming the hypothesis of improvement in academic performance with the use of technology and, especially the videos conducted in Edpuzzle, suggest that there was significant motivation and satisfaction on the part of students in carrying out the requested tasks. Considering the limitations of the research, specifically in relation to the context and the period of application, it can be said that its main contribution was the perception that the use of a certain technology in the classroom, by itself, does not improve performance and that more studies are needed with different methodological approaches and in extended periods and samples.
Riscos ocupacionais no abate de bovinos: Classificação por grau de severidade
Authors: Souza Camilla Nogueira de , Vieira Júnior Walmir Nunes
Published: April 2021

Introdução: o modo de trabalho empregado e as ferramentas utilizadas no processo produtivo da indústria frigorífica favorecem a ocorrência de acidentes ocupacionais e o surgimento de doenças respiratórias e musculoesqueléticas. Objetivo: identificar e classificar, quanto ao grau de severidade, os riscos existentes em uma indústria do ramo situada no município de Governador Valadares/MG. Métodos: A análise dos riscos foi realizada exclusivamente nas atividades ligadas ao abate de bovinos, abrangendo atordoamento, sangria, esfola, evisceração e corte da carcaça. A pesquisa se caracteriza como qualitativa e exploratória, e as informações referentes às condições de trabalho foram obtidas a partir de outro trabalho realizado no local pela autora. Assim sendo, quanto aos procedimentos técnicos, a pesquisa se caracteriza como revisão bibliográfica e estudo de caso. Resultados: A Análise Preliminar de Riscos - APR possibilitou a identificação e classificação dos seguintes riscos: de ergonomia, de acidente, biológico, queda de mesmo nível, umidade, choque elétrico, ruídos e vibrações. Foram sugeridas medidas de intervenção para mitigar os riscos encontrados, observando a legislação trabalhista vigente. Conclusão: mediante a classificação é possível priorizar a tomada de medidas de prevenção nas atividades em que são encontrados riscos mais severos, como o uso de motosserra e um possível ataque do animal.
Equipe de enfermagem frente aos cuidados paliativos em pediatria: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Silvestri Aline Paula Spibida , Santos Edilson Lima dos , Belini Gabriela Fagan , Pellizzaro André Olivo , Moura Tamires da Silva , Gonçalves Suelen , Begnini Marciele , Oliveira Daniela Ramos , Moi Angélica
Published: April 2021

Os cuidados paliativos são medidas de cuidados adotadas a partir do momento em que não existe mais a possibilidade de cura para o paciente. A enfermagem possui um papel fundamental nesse processo, oferecendo conforto e qualidade de vida a criança. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a abordagem paliativa da equipe de enfermagem em pediatria. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa, a partir de publicações científicas indexadas nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), MEDLINE, via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), no período de 2015 a 2020. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando a temática de caracterização de dados, por meio desta, emergiram duas categorias: “Abordagens adotadas pela enfermagem em pacientes pediátricos em cuidados paliativos” e “Estratégias de enfrentamento da equipe diante das situações vivenciadas no processo de cuidados paliativos.” Os estudos demonstram a importância do papel ocupado pela enfermagem neste processo, bem como, as dificuldades que são encontradas pela equipe e pelas famílias que vivenciam essas situações, por isso, além da assistência, a enfermagem é rede de apoio, de suporte ao paciente e seu familiar.
Is Debt Financing a Burden or a Boost to the Growth of Small Scale Poultry Farms? Evidence From Nigeria
Authors: ACHOJA Felix , NWOKOLO Nwamaka
Published: April 2021

The growth of poultry industry is very relevant to the economic growth in Nigeria. Poultry farm growth may respond to debt financing either positively or negatively over time. So the purpose of this research was to examine the asymmetric relationship between debt financing and the growth of poultry farms in Nigeria. Multi-stage procedure for selection of sample was employed to involve two hundred and forty (240) poultry farmers in the survey. Primary data collected with structured questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools (mean, percentage, standard deviation). Inferential statistical formula was employed for data analysis. Result indicates that 6% of total asset was financed by debt indicating that debt threshold of 50% was neither attained nor exceeded. Growth in stock size, revenue and poultry owners’ equity responded positively to debt financing but to a small extent. Significant determinants of debt status of poultry farms identified were: farm age, farm size, loan condition, loan duration, loan sources and owners’ equity. The study focused on a sample of poultry farms in developing nation so caution should be exercised in over generalization of the outcome. More access to external debt financing is recommended to boost poultry farms’ growth in Nigeria.
Tekirdağ İli Bağ Alanlarında Görülen Yabancı Ot Türleri, Yoğunluk ve Rastlama Sıklıklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: KARA Adnan , ATA Erdal
Published: April 2021

Üzüm; içerdiği yüksek şeker ve kalorisi, bazı mineral maddeleri ve vitaminleri ile önemli bir besin maddesidir. Ayrıca mineral maddelerden kalsiyum, potasyum, sodyum, demir ile A, B1, B2, Niacin ve C vitaminleri yönünden de önemli bir kaynak olarak kabul edilmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü FAO 2018 yılı verilerine göre dünyada yaklaşık 7.2 milyon ha alan üzerinde 79 milyon ton üzüm üretimi gerçekleşmiştir. Dünyada en çok bağ alanına sahip olan İspanya, Çin ve Fransa’dır. Türkiye 417 bin ha bağ alanı ile 5. sırada yer almaktadır. Üretim bakımından ilk üç sırada Çin, İtalya ve ABD yer almakta ve Türkiye %5’lik oran ve 3.9 milyon tonluk üretimle 6. sırada yer almaktadır. Türkiye konumu gereği bağcılık için elverişli bir iklim kuşağındadır. Diğer kültür bitkilerinde olduğu gibi bağ alanlarında da yabancı otlar, özellikle su, besin maddesi ve ışık gibi bitki gelişimini doğrudan etkileyen faktörler başta olmak üzere ortamdaki diğer pek çok kaynağa ortak olmakta ve salgıladıkları allelopatik kimyasallarla kültür bitkisi gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedirler. Ayrıca küsküt (Cuscuta monogyna Vahl,) gibi parazit yabancı otlar, doğrudan asmaların genç gövde ve sürgünlerini penetre ederek, bitkileri zayıf düşürmektedir Tekirdağ ili bağ alanlarındaki yabancı ot türlerini, yoğunluk ve rastlama sıklıklarını belirlemek için yapılan bu çalışma, 2015 yılı Temmuz-Ağustos aylarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla Tekirdağ iline bağlı 2 ilçede, toplam 50 bağ alanında sürvey yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucu 23 familyaya ait 65 adet yabancı ot türü belirlenmiştir. Bu yabancı otlardan Convolvulus arvensis, Cynanchum acutum, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum, Sorghum halepense Amaranthus retroflexus, Portulaca oleracea, Cynodon dactylon, Cirsium arvense ve Setaria viridis türleri en yoğun türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Rastlama sıklıklarına göre ise; C. arvensis,C. .album, S. nigrum, S.. halepense, A. retroflexus, Xanthium strumarium, C. arvense, Cynanchum acutum ve Lactuca serriola türleri ön plana çıkmıştır.
Biyolojik-Biyoteknik Mücadele Desteklemeleri Hakkında Üretici Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SAYIN Betül , BAYAV Alamettin , BEŞEN Tuba , EMRE Meltem , ÇELİKYURT Mehmet Ali , KARAMÜRSEL Dilek , KUZGUN Musa , YILMAZ Şerife Gülden , ARSLAN Selda
Published: April 2021

Araştırma ile biyolojik ve biyoteknik (B/BT) mücadele destekleme türlerinin dağılımı, ürünler itibarıyla B/BT mücadele desteklerinden yararlanma durumu ve desteğe başvurulan alanların yıllara göre değişimi, üreticilerin B/BT mücadele desteklerine başvuru nedenleri, B/BT desteklerinden memnuniyet durumu ve destekten yararlanmaya devam etme kararları gibi bilgileri elde etmek, destekleme olmaması durumunda bile üreticilerin B/BT ürünlerini kullanmaya devam etme olasılığını tahmin etmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, üreticilerin B/BT destek uygulamalarına yaklaşımını incelemesi bakımından özgündür. Araştırma alanı olarak seçilen Antalya, Isparta ve Burdur İllerinde tabakalı örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 108 üretici ile anket yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında görüşülen üreticiler arasında, B/BT mücadele uygulamalarını, destekleme yapılmadan önceki yıllarda da bilen ve uygulayanlar olduğu gibi desteklemeden sonra haberdar olan ve uygulamaya başlayanlar olduğu anlaşılmıştır. B/BT uygulaması yapılan üretim alanları yıllar içinde artış göstermiştir. Üreticilerin %69.4’ü B/BT mücadele desteklemelerinden memnun olduğunu, %85.2’si desteklemeden yararlanmaya devam edeceğini, %77.8’i ise destekleme olmasa bile B/BT mücadele uygulamasına devam edeceğini ifade etmektedir. Bu uygulamaların benimsenmesi ve sürdürülmesinde etkili ana faktörler, B/BT uygulamalarının zararlı kontrol performansı ve B / BT kontrol yöntemleri ile üretilen ürünlerin piyasada daha yüksek fiyatla satılabilmesidir. B/BT mücadele yapan üreticilerin destekleme olmasa bile uygulamalara devam etme olasılıklarına etki eden unsurları belirlemek için yürütülen logistik regresyon analizinde, modele dahil edilen bağımsız değişkenlerden; eğitim, desteklemeden memnun olma durumu ve danışmanlık hizmeti alma durumu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. B / BT kontrol ürünlerini kullanmaya devam etme kararını bildirmenin en güçlü öngörüsü eğitim düzeyidir. B/BT mücadele desteğine devam edilmeli, uygulamalara yönelik teknik destek ve eğitim-yayım çalışmaları yürütülmeli ve bu yöntemle üretilen ürünlere yönelik bilinçli bir tüketici yaklaşımı geliştirilmelidir.
CD27+ peripheral blood B-cells are a useful biodosimetric marker in vitro
Authors: Řeháková Z , Šinkora J , Vlková M , Vokurková D , Österreicher J , Vávrová J , Driák D
Published: April 2021

The CD8+ natural killer (NK) subpopulation has recently been
identified as a fast and reliable biodosimetric indicator within
human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. In
irradiated and subsequently cultivated PBMC, a decrease of the
relative number of intact CD3- CD8+ lymphocytes 16 and 48 h
after treatment has allowed for estimating the received dose in
the range of 0 - 10 Gy and lethal/sublethal dose discrimination,
respectively. Here we show that suitable biodosimeters can also
be found in the peripheral blood B-cell compartment.
Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of irradiated and
subsequently cultivated human PBMC revealed that both the
CD27+ and CD21- B-cell subpopulations can be used as
biodosimeters and the CD19+CD27+ lymphocytes have proved
useful for retrospective determination of the received dose in the
range of 0 - 6 Gy. In addition, several CD19+ lymphocyte subsets
characterized by co-expression of CD21, CD27 and CD38 have
been shown to bear biodosimetric potential, too. However, when
important parameters like the original size within the CD19+
compartment, its radiation-induced changes and data variation
had been taken into account, the CD27+ subpopulation proved
superior to the other B-cell subpopulations and subsets. It
appears that, in the dose range of 0 - 6 Gy, the relative decrease
of CD27+ B lymphocytes provides more sensitive and reliable
data than that of CD8+ NK-cells due mainly to lower data
variation. In contrast to CD27+ B-cells, the proportions of CD27+
subpopulations of T-cells were not affected by irradiation. We
have also proposed a simple experimental protocol based on full
blood cultivation and three-color CD27/CD3/CD19 immunophenotyping as a time-saving and inexpensive approach for
practical biodosimetric evaluations on simple, three-to-four color
flow cytometers.
Depressed cardiac contractility and its postnatal development in rats after chemical sympathectomy
Authors: Švíglerová J , Kuncová J , Nalos L , Slavíková J , Štengl M
Published: April 2021

The contribution of the sympathetic innervation to the postnatal
development of cardiac contractility remains unclear. In this
study, the postnatal maturation of cardiac contractility was
compared in control rats and rats after chemical sympathectomy.
The chemical sympathectomy was induced by administration of
6-hydroxydopamine to newborn rats. At days 20, 40 and 60 of
postnatal life, the contractile parameters and concentrations of
sympathetic neurotransmitters were measured in both right and
left ventricles. In rats with chemical sympathectomy,
concentrations of norepinephrine were reduced almost
completely in both ventricles at all time points. The contractility
of the left ventricle papillary muscles was substantially decreased
at all time points. In contrast, the contractility of the right
ventricle papillary muscles was decreased only transiently,
showing a recovery at day 60 regardless of the permanently
decreased concentration of norepinephrine. The concentration of
neuropeptide Y, another neurotransmitter present in sympathetic
nerves, showed the same developmental trend as contractility:
permanent reduction in the left ventricle, transient reduction with
a recovery at day 60 in the right ventricle. The data indicate that
the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the
postnatal development of cardiac contractility and neuropeptide Y
may contribute to this effect.
KETIDAKLANGSUNGAN EKSPRESI DALAM JUDUL CERITA RUBRIK “NAH INI DIA” HARIAN POS KOTA
Authors: Lewa Andi Hallang , Santoso Budi
Published: April 2021

Indirrect expression is widely used in writing news on the mass media, including short stories in newspapers. This paper tries to describe indirrect expressions in the title of the storiy on Poskota daily’s Column "Nah Ini Dia". Data is taken from the title of the storiy on Poskota daily’s Column "Nah Ini Dia", 2020, March-April edition. The research method uses descriptive qualitative methods. Documentation techniques used in collecting data. Data analysis used Riffatere's indirrect expressions theory with focused on analysing displacing of meaning, distorcing of meaning, and creating of meaning. The results show that indirrect expression is occur due to displacing of meaning, distorcing of meaning, and creating of meaning. Displacing of meaning appear in the form of figurative language such as metaphor, personification, periphrasis, and euphemism. distorcing of meaning appears in the form of ambiguity, contradiction, and irony.  Creatiing of meaning appears in the form of simitri and two types of rhythm: assonance and consonance. Using indirect expressions make the title of the story  more polite and have poetic sense.
Why Electoral Reforms are Urgently Needed in Ghana
Authors: Mensa-Bonsu Maame A. S.
Published: April 2021

In this article, I examine the breathtakingly wide scope of executive power and the low threshold for electoral victory in Ghana's constitution. I demonstrate how the ‘first past the post’ electoral formula colludes with the ‘winner takes all’ government configuration to saddle Ghana with a corruption-fuelled governance crisis that could escalate over time to be an existential threat to the longest-lasting democratic period Ghana has ever known. I assert that electoral reform to provide for consociational government is the only feasible way to simultaneously lessen the starkness of electoral loss and create some public accountability loops, the absence of which have made corruption both easy and unpunishable.
Application of Electricity Federalism in Nigeria: Drawing Inspiration from America
Authors: Herbert Eti Best
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the theory and practice of electricity federalism in the Nigerian federation. Although Nigeria is an American-styled federal entity, its practice does not reflect the true principles of federalism as practiced in America. Nigeria's electricity sector is a reflection of its imperfect practice of federalism. The effect is felt in the poor performance of the electricity sector, especially off-grid undertakings. Thus, this study turns to the practice of electricity federalism in the United State of America as a model federalist system from which Nigeria can draw inspiration towards a better practice of electricity federalism. Evidence from America demonstrates how fiscal federalism led to a robustly developed power sector. It is argued that, although constituent states of Nigeria have the legal capacity, they lack the wherewithal to develop robust off-grid electricity undertaking under the current federalist system. Hence, political restructuring that would ensure fiscal federalism is needful in Nigeria.
Impact of TRIPs Agreement on Access to Immunosuppressant Drugs: Another Challenge in Kidney Transplantation and Treatment in Developing Countries
Authors: Ajigboye Oyeniyi , Olubiyi Ifeoluwa A.
Published: April 2021

Kidney transplantation (KT) as a medical treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is cost-effective even in developing countries and this treatment has continued to record good success rates. Despite this positive development, the practice of KT continues to face varying challenges across developed and developing countries alike. In developing countries, however, the management of post-transplantation issues is a major challenge. The discovery of immunosuppressant drugs, the accessibility of these drugs and technological advancements that reduce the impact of pre- and post-transplant issues in developed countries is still not readily available in developing countries. This is largely because of restricted access to immunosuppressants and the availability of medications for post-transplant conditions. This article therefore highlights and discusses the implications of the Agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) on the access to immunosuppressant drugs in developing countries. The authors conclude that although the TRIPS Agreement continues to hinder the desired access to immunosuppressants thereby worsening the prospects of KT recipients in developing countries, these countries should maximise the flexibilities available under the treaty to improve access to immunosuppressant drugs.
KENDİSİNE İNSÜLİN ENJEKSİYONU UYGULAYAN DİYABETLİLERİN UYGULAMA HATALARI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: DİRGAR Ezgi , OLGUN Nermin
Published: April 2021

Diyabet sık görülen, yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyen, ciddi komplikasyonlara yol açan, önemli bir halk sağlığı problemidir. Çalışma kendi kendine insülin enjeksiyonu yapan bireylerin uygulama hataları ve bu hataları etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma bir devlet hastanesinde Eylül- Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında tüm dahili kliniklerinde tedavi gören 110 diyabet hastası ile tanımlayıcı tipte gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve İnsülin Uygulama Gözlem Formu kullanıldı. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin %72.7’si kadın; %42.7’si okur yazar değildir. Bireylerin %56.4’ü obezdir. Hastaların %52.7’sinin enjeksiyon bölgesinde lipohipertrofi; %65.5’inde kanama/morarma mevcuttur. Bireylerin %69.9’unun insülin eğitimi diyabet eğitim hemşiresi tarafından verildiği, %24.5’i en son bir yıl içinde eğitim aldığı, %70.9’unun enjeksiyon bölgelerinin hekim ya da hemşireler tarafından hiç kontrol edilmediği belirlendi. Okur yazar olmayan diyabetlilerin metabolik parametrelerinin diğerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p=.016). İnsülin uygulamasının tüm basamaklarında hastalar tarafından farklı oranlarda hata yapıldığı belirlendi. Diyabetin tüm yönlerine ve insülin kullanıma dair kapsamlı ve düzenli bir eğitim; bireylerin hekim ve hemşireler tarafından düzenli takibi, hastaların diyabet, diyabet komplikasyonları ve insülin tedavisiyle ilgili farkındalığını artıracak, hata yapma oranlarını azaltacaktır.
The Influence of Governance on Intellectual Capital in Textile Industry
Authors: Ramla Sadiq  , Safia Nosheen  , Waseem Akhtar
Published: April 2021

This study is aimed to evaluate the impact of corporate governance index on intellectual capital performance by developing the index from five sub-indices and incorporating the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) methodology for intellectual capital performance. Fixed and Random Effect Regression techniques have been used to analyze the data of the textile sector in Pakistan from 2010 to 2014. The findings suggest a negatively significant impact of corporate governance index on intellectual capital performance while sub-indices give mixed results. The study also investigates the relationship of individual variables in each sub-index with performance and results show a significant relationship for five variables namely independent director, independent audit committee, foreign shareholders ownership, gratuity, and remuneration committee.This study contributed empirical work in the literature of corporate governance and intellectual capital performance.The outcomes of this study can be used by policymakers as an attempt to boost the performance of the textile sector. A modified value-added intellectual coefficient (M-VAIC) methodology can be used in future research.
Role of Flow between Job Demand and Job Resources among the Hotel Employees in Sarawak
Authors: Mark Kasa  , Zaiton Hassan  , Jackelyn Ng  , Abdul Halim Busari  , Nik Norsyamimi Md. Nor
Published: April 2021

The Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) Model has been used to investigate many work outcomes. However, few focused its effectsto in-role performance work outcomes and none on flow as mediator in an eastern context. Thus, the objectivesof this study areto examine the relationship between flow and in-role performance as well as whether flow mediates the relationship between antecedents (job demand and job resources) and in-role performance among East Malaysian hotel employees. 290 full time frontline and backline employees from four-and five-star rated hotel in Sarawak responded the self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 22 and PROCESS approach. Results confirmed that flow experience positively correlateswith in-role performance while also imposesa robust mediating effect between job resources and in-role performance. However, results have shown that flow has no mediation impact on the relationship between job demand and in-role performance. Precisely, hotel employees with provision of sufficient job resources (such as autonomy, social support, performance feedback, possibilities for professional development) are further likely to encounter flow experience, and as a result, are likely to exhibit better in-role performance. Thus, hotel management should redesign jobs and commensurate tasks to encourage flow experiences, which in return lead to better in-role performance that directly contributes to overall performance of the hotel. In addition, management should provide for job resources to encourage task autonomy and better social support systems.
Retail Space for Rent! Macroeconomic Determinants of Shopping Complex Occupancy Rate
Authors: Shan-Shan Goh  , Tuck-Cheong Tang  , Alex Hou-Hong Ng
Published: April 2021

This study proposes anad hoc equationwhich isapplied to estimatethe impactsof macroeconomic variableson occupancy rate of shopping complex. Thecandidatemacroeconomic determinantsare interest rate, inflation rate, share priceand Gross Domestic Product (GDP), whileasupply-sidevariable, total spaceis included.Using quarterly databetween 1992and 2015 froma small open economy-Malaysia, this study findsthat interest rate,and GDP both havea positive impact on shopping complex’s occupancy rate, and total space of shopping complex shows anegative sign.The non-causality tests offer that inflation rate indirectlycauses the occupancy rate of shopping complex. This study highlights somerelevant policy implications.
Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Society Disclosure: The Application of Legitimacy Theory
Authors: Joanne Shaza Janang  , Corina Joseph  , Roshima Said
Published: April 2021

It is important for companies to adhere to society’s values by engaging in corporate social responsibility activities to remain legitimate, which in turn, translated into disclosures in annual reports. Corporate governance mechanisms have been used as explanatory factors in determining the level of disclosures. This paper aims to determine the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on the society disclosure in Malaysian companies’ annual reports using the legitimacy theory. The level of society disclosure is examined against the Modified Society Disclosure Index (MoSDI), which was developed based on the society indicatorof Global Reporting Initiative Version 4.0, preliminary observation on the 2016 NACRA winners’ annual reports and past literature. The analysis involved 234 top Malaysian companies’ annual reports from 2014 to 2016. The results found that audit committee, independent directors, and size are significantly associated withthe level of society disclosure. By complying with good corporate governance practice, awareness can be raised and preventive measures can be taken in addressing society’s issues through proper society disclosure.The legitimacy gap can be reduced via the society disclosure.
Tax Reform: Is it Welfare-Enhancing or Welfare-Reducing?
Authors: Roshaiza Taha  , Norsiah Ahmad  , Wan Anisah Endut  , Saeed Rabea Ali Baatwah
Published: April 2021

The ongoing tax reform in Malaysia has triggered our motivation to understand the effect of such reform on the public since the government has continuously emphasised that the changes would not burden the consumer. Whether this is a myth or reality is deemed interesting to ponder upon. Thus, this study aims to provide evidence concerning Malaysian tax reform on consumer welfare by looking at the price effect, consumer burden, and inflation. Price observations of the pre-, during and post-reformation period were conducted to provide meaningful evidence. Interestingly, the outcome of the observation rules out the public accusation that the tax reform would boost the price of goods and services and further result in a welfarereducing event. Also, a review of the recent statistics on poverty incidence does not show a negative effect of tax policy changes on society’s welfare. It is hoped that the discussion provided in this paper will shed light on the impact of tax reformation in Malaysia, albeit a further thorough examination might be required.
Examining the Relationship between Information Security Effectiveness and Information Security Threats
Authors: Mohamad Noorman Masrek  , Tri Soesantari  , Asad Khan  , Aang Kisnu Dermawan
Published: April 2021

Information is the most critical asset of any organizations and business. It is considered as the lifeblood of the organization or business. Because of its importance, information needs to be protected and safeguarded from any forms of threats and this is termed as information security. Information security policy and procedure has been regarded as one of the most important controls and measures for information security. A well-developed information security policy and procedure will ensure that information is kept safe form any harms and threats. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between information security policy effectiveness and information security threats. 292 federal government agencies were surveyed in terms of their and information security practices and the threats that they had experienced. Based on the collected, an analysis using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was performed and the results showed that there is a significant relationship between information security policy effectiveness and information security threats. The finding provides empirical evidence on the importance of developing an effective information security policy and procedure.
A Multi-Country Study of Factors Affecting Credit Ratings Revisions
Authors: Angeline Siew-Huan Ng  , Mohamed Ariff Syed Mohamed
Published: April 2021

This paper reveals findings from extending corporate credit rating studies towards (i) new ratings, affirmation, confirmation, watchlists, and withdrawal, which together represent five out of eight rating types yet to be studied rigorously (there are several papers on upgrades and downgrades); and (ii) identifying key firm-specific factors affecting stock prices around the rating revisions in markets not yet studied. The firmspecific factor effects are measured using the Ordered Probit methodology. Results show that investment and speculation grade issues have the most pronounced effects on price changes. Further findings are: interest-coverage, profitability and leverage ratios, all of which stand out as the most relevant firm-specific factors correlated with stock price changes. An interesting new finding is the discovery of corruption perception scores as a new measure is significantly influencing affirmation, confirmation and downgrade ratings. These new findings are likely to be of interest to investors, corporations wanting to know rating change effects and the external regulators concerned with financial weaknesses/strengths of listed firms facing rating changes.
Integrating Media Selection and Media Effects Using Decision Theory
Authors: Fisher Jacob T. , Hamilton Kristy
Published: April 2021

Media psychology researchers seek to understand both why people choose certain media over others and how media influence cognitive, emotional, social, and psychological processes. A burgeoning body of literature has emerged in recent years describing media selection and media effects as reciprocally-linked dynamic processes, but research approaches empirically investigating them as such have been sparse. In parallel, technological developments like algorithmic personalization and mobile computing have served to blur the lines between media selection and media effects, highlighting novel problems at their intersection. Herein, we propose an integrative approach for building an understanding of these processes rooted in decision theory, a formal framework describing how organisms (and non-biological agents) select and optimize behaviors in response to their environment.
Role of the Lipid Membrane and Membrane Proteins in Tau Pathology
Authors: Bok Eugene , Leem Eunju , Lee Bo-Ram , Lee Ji Min , Yoo Chang Jae , Lee Eun Mi , Kim Jaekwang
Published: April 2021

Abnormal accumulation of misfolded tau aggregates is a pathological hallmark of various tauopathies including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although tau is a cytosolic microtubule-associated protein enriched in neurons, it is also found in extracellular milieu, such as interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood. Accumulating evidence showed that pathological tau spreads along anatomically connected areas in the brain through intercellular transmission and templated misfolding, thereby inducing neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction. In line with this, the spatiotemporal spreading of tau pathology is closely correlated with cognitive decline in AD patients. Although the secretion and uptake of tau involve multiple different pathways depending on tau species and cell types, a growing body of evidence suggested that tau is largely secreted in a vesicle-free forms. In this regard, the interaction of vesicle-free tau with membrane is gaining growing attention due to its importance for both of tau secretion and uptake as well as aggregation. Here, we review the recent literature on the mechanisms of the tau-membrane interaction and highlights the roles of lipids and proteins at the membrane in the tau-membrane interaction as well as tau aggregation.