bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecting multiple simultaneous and sequential feature changes
Authors: Wright Richard D. , Pellaers Amelia C. , deKergommeaux Ryan T.
Published: November 2024

The failure to notice changes to objects is called change blindness, and it is often studied with the flicker task. Observers performing this task see two rapidly alternating but slightly different stimulus displays that are usually photos of real-world scenes. In order to detect the change, they must compare objects in the pre-change scene with objects at the same locations in the post-change scene to determine whether they are the same or different. It has been proposed that change blindness can occur when the memory representation of a pre-change object is incomplete and thereby impairs the same/different comparison with the post-change object at the same location. It has also been proposed that even with intact pre-change object memory representations, failure of same/different comparisons for other reasons can cause change blindness. The goal of the current study was to conduct flicker task experiments to examine both proposals. We conducted the current experiments with non-photographic stimuli, varied the degree of feature-based change of colored lines and found that the greater degree of change, the faster the same/different comparisons, and the faster that changes were detected. We also examined the representation integrity account of change blindness by comparing detection times of target objects that underwent a single feature change with those that underwent multiple sequential feature changes. The latter were detected faster, which suggests that multiple identities of these sequentially changing objects were stored in memory and facilitated change detection. In another experiment we found that objects that underwent multiple sequential feature changes were not detected as fast as those that underwent multiple simultaneous feature changes. This is consistent with the representation account of change blindness and suggests that memories of multiple sequentially changing object identities are transient and may become less complete over time. And more generally that multiple simultaneous and multiple sequential feature-based changes to these stimuli can show the extent to which memory is involved when searching for flicker task targets. The results of the current study indicate that both the comparison failure and the representation integrity proposals can account for change blindness.
CircRNA-mediated regulation of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Cheng Ke-yun , Wang Si-wei , Lan Tian , Mao Zhu-jun , Xu You-yao , Shen Qing , Zeng Xi-xi
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a range of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease (e.g., stroke), peripheral arterial disease, congenital heart anomalies, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. CVDs are often referred to as the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Recent advancements in deep sequencing have unveiled a plethora of noncoding RNA transcripts, including circular RNAs (circRNAs), which play pivotal roles in the regulation of CVDs. A decade of research has differentiated various circRNAs by their vasculoprotective or deleterious functions, revealing potential therapeutic targets. This review provides an overview of circRNAs and a comprehensive examination of CVDs, the regulatory circRNAs within the vasculature, and the burgeoning research domain dedicated to these noncoding RNAs.
Wood and iron exploitation in the Pyrenean highlands during the Visigothic period: the case of the Puymorens pass and the Carol valley, France
Authors: Pagès Gaspard , Jolly-Saad Marie-Claude
Published: November 2024

The Puymorens iron mine is located at an altitude of between 2,100 and 2,200 m at the western edge of the Pyrénées-Orientales department (France), which is bordered by the Ariège department in France and Andorra to the west and Spain to the south. It is the highest-altitude iron ore exploitation in the Pyrenees mountains. A major transportation corridor facilitating the north to south crossing of the Pyrenean massif passes by the foot of the mine, from the Ariège valley to the Carol valley. The mine is known to have been in operation from the seventeenth century to the end of the 1960's, and it supplied ore to many modern smelting sites in Andorra, Catalonia and Ariège. New data acquired from the FEDER FERMAPYR and PCR FERAPO programs have enabled the identification of older ironworks in the neighboring Carol valley, which also used this ore and have been radiocarbon dated between the fourth and the sixth centuries. By placing this series of Visigothic smelting sites in their environmental context, we will be able to describe their technical specificities and the impetuses for the early exploitation of iron ore and wood at high altitudes in the Pyrenees. The study will be based as much on the results of archaeological excavations and surveys as well as on anthracology studies to understand the relation between iron ore smelting and the forest exploitation for charcoal production.
Early identification on failure mode of loess landslide: insight from case study and physical model experiment
Authors: Li Ran , He Jiangkun , Zheng Han , Zhang Chenyuan , Zhang Shuai
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The Loess Plateau has long been plagued by cascading loess landslides. The rapid identification of these landslides, along with the accurate determination of their failure modes, is essential for conducting precise disaster assessments in the region. Such assessments are critical for minimizing both human casualties and economic losses. However, the lack of reliable reference data for the early identification of landslide failure modes has resulted in limited detection accuracy, complicating the differentiation between various failure modes. Therefore, investigating the deformation and failure characteristics of loess landslides under different failure modes is crucial for providing a scientific foundation for early hazard detection and the accurate assessment of risk profiles.

Methods

This work examines the pre-slip deformation and post-slip damage characteristics of the rotational-sliding Huzhu Landslide and the translational-sliding Zhongzhai Landslide through a combination of field investigations, unmanned aerial vehicle surveys, and remote sensing interpretation. Physical model tests were conducted to simulate the instability and failure processes of both rotational and translational loess landslides. Meanwhile, three-dimensional models and orthophoto graphic images at various stages of the landslides were generated using Contexcapture.

Results

The initial stages of rotational sliding landslides are marked by the formation of distinct tensile cracks at the trailing edge of the slope and minor uplift at the front. As the uplift at the front progresses and numerous extension fissures develop, the stability of the landslide reduces progressively. Upon reaching instability, the sliding velocity of the sliding mass initially accelerates before decelerating, with majority of the mass remaining on the sliding surface and retaining relatively well structural integrity. At the trailing edge of the landslide, characteristic features such as falling scarps, fractured walls, and sunken grooves can be observed, while the front displays significant bulging phenomena. In contrast, translational sliding landslides are initially characterized by minor tensile cracks at the trailing edge and pronounced deformation at the front. As these tensile cracks propagate, the landslide are prone to sudden instability under external triggering factors. Following the onset of instability, the sliding mass undergoes rapid movement, with only a small part of the mass remaining on the sliding surface.

Discussion

Landslides triggered by different factors and occurring under varying water content conditions may exhibit significant differences in their pre-failure behavior and post-failure characteristics. Thus, it is imperative to conduct further research in this field to better understand these complex dynamics.
Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment – macrophages emerge as key players in breast cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Sami Ana , Raza Afsheen
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer has the highest global incidence among all cancers, affecting more than 2 million individuals annually. Despite the availability of new drugs and novel treatment combinations, it is postulated that the incidence and mortality of breast cancer will rise by 40.8% and 51.9% respectively by 2040. Such dire statistics are associated with the clonal evolution of cancer cells that leads to therapeutic resistance and consequent relapse in breast cancer patients. On the other hand, the tumor microenvironment (TME) comprising of tumor cells, cancer-associated immune cells, re-programmed stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) creates an immunosuppressive niche facilitating immune evasion. This review focuses on a critical cellular component of the tumor microenvironment, the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in breast cancer immunotherapy. Macrophages are inherently plastic and can convert from an anti-tumor M1 phenotype to a pro-tumor M2 phenotype based on microenvironmental cues. Cancer cells facilitate these cues, allowing the tumor-associated macrophages to gain M2 phenotype and mediate immune evasion. Therefore, knowledge of the distinct role of tumor-associated macrophages in immune evasion can help design therapeutics such as engineered macrophages, M2 targeting drugs, and novel macrophage-mediated drug delivery strategies for long-term survival in breast cancer.
A surprising complete response to cadonilimab in a primary metastatic cervical cancer: a case report
Authors: Yu Haijuan , Lin Jie , Chen Jian , Chen Lijun , Zou Jianping , Liu Bin , Hu Dan , Xiao Youping , Yu Linhao , Sun Yang
Published: November 2024

The outcome of patients with recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer (R/M CC) is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of only 10%–20%. Recent advances in immunotherapy renewed its interest in R/M CC treatment. It has been suggested that cadonilimab, a novel bispecific antibody targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), significantly improved the survival outcomes of the R/M CC. In the present study, we reported a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive CC case at stage IV who was treated with cadonilimab and achieved a surprising radiographic complete response (CR) for 10 months, even in the PD-L1 negative metastatic site. Demographic, clinical, histopathological, laboratory, treatment regime and imaging data were recorded. Unfortunately, the patient progressed rapidly during maintenance therapy when cadonilimab was replaced by sintilimab, the monoclonal antibody against PD-1, indicating the more powerful anti-tumor activity of dual blockade immunotherapy. To conclude, cadonilimab offers a promising and effective therapeutic approach for R/M CC. Notably, HER-2 is also expected to be a new reference target for cadonilimab therapy.
PRKDC regulates cGAMP to enhance immune response in lung cancer treatment
Authors: Huang Zhanghao , Huang Runqi , Zhu Jun , Zhou Youlang , Shi Jiahai
Published: November 2024

Background

Despite its involvement in nucleotide metabolism, tumor immune landscape, and immunotherapy response, the role of 2’-3’-cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (2’,3’-cGAMP) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remails unelucidated. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of 2’,3’-cGAMP in LUAD.

Method

Herein, patients with LUAD were screened for prognostic biomarkers, which were then assessed for sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy utilizing the “TIDE” algorithm and CellMiner database. The results were validated using a mouse xenograft model. Additionally, macrophages and lung cancer cells were co-cultured, and macrophage polarization and apoptosis levels in the lung cancer cells were detected through flow cytometry. Protein levels were analyzed through western blotting and immunofluorescence. Finally, drug-encapsulated nanoparticles were designed to systematically examine the antitumor efficacy of the treatment against LUAD.

Result

Notably, 2’,3’-cGAMP-mediated protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit (PRKDC) inhibition induced macrophage polarization toward the M1 phenotype, thereby triggering apoptosis in LUAD cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that M1 macrophage infiltration enhancement and apoptosis induction in lung cancer cells were achieved by suppressing PRKDC expression via 2’,3’-cGAMP, which inhibited lung cancer growth. The machine-learning approaches revealed SB505124 to be an effective antitumor agent in LUAD cells with high PRKDC levels owing to its ability to promote 2’,3’-cGAMP-mediated apoptosis. Encapsulation of 2’,3’-cGAMP, and SB505124 within a nano-delivery system markedly reduced tumor volumes in murine lung cancer tissues compared with that by individual agents.

Conclusion

The findings of this study reveal that PRKDC can predict poor survival of patients with LUAD. Additionally, SB505124 enhances the efficacy of 2’,3’-cGAMP-based immunotherapy in patients exhibiting a high PRKDC expression.
Decoding NY-ESO-1 TCR T cells: transcriptomic insights reveal dual mechanisms of tumor targeting in a melanoma murine xenograft model
Authors: Alsalloum Alaa , Alrhmoun Saleh , Perik-Zavosdkaia Olga , Fisher Marina , Volynets Marina , Lopatnikova Julia , Perik-Zavodskii Roman , Shevchenko Julia , Philippova Julia , Solovieva Olga , Zavjalov Evgenii , Kurilin Vasily , Shiku Hiroshi , Silkov Alexander , Sennikov Sergey
Published: November 2024

The development of T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-T) targeting intracellular antigens is a promising strategy for treating solid tumors; however, the mechanisms underlying their effectiveness remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed advanced techniques to investigate the functional state of T cells engineered with retroviral vectors to express a TCR specific for the NY-ESO-1 157-165 peptide in the HLA-A*02:01 context. Flow cytometry revealed a predominance of naïve T cells. Gene expression profiling using NanoString technology revealed upregulation of genes encoding chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5, indicating enhanced migration towards tumor sites. In the SK-Mel-37 xenograft model, these transduced T cells achieved complete tumor eradication. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) conducted 14 days post-TCR T cell infusion provided a comprehensive analysis of the in vivo adaptation of these cells, identifying a distinct subset of CD8+ effector T cells with an NK cell-like gene expression profile. Our findings indicate that NY-ESO-1 TCR-transduced T cells have the potential to mediate dual antitumor effects through both antigen-independent NK-like and antigen-specific CTL-like responses. This study underscores the potential of NY-ESO-1 TCR-T cells as potent tumor-eradicating agents, highlighting the importance of harnessing their versatile functional capabilities to refine and enhance therapeutic strategies.
Bridging high resolution sub-cellular imaging with physiologically relevant engineered tissues
Authors: Kargar Gaz Kooh Yasaman , Huebsch Nathaniel
Published: November 2024

While high-resolution microscopic techniques are crucial for studying cellular structures in cell biology, obtaining such images from thick 3D engineered tissues remains challenging. In this review, we explore advancements in fluorescence microscopy, alongside the use of various fluorescent probes and material processing techniques to address these challenges. We navigate through the diverse array of imaging options available in tissue engineering field, from wide field to super-resolution microscopy, so researchers can make more informed decisions based on the specific tissue and cellular structures of interest. Finally, we provide some recent examples of how traditional limitations on obtaining high-resolution images on sub-cellular architecture within 3D tissues have been overcome by combining imaging advancements with innovative tissue engineering approaches.
Oxidative stress in the brain is regulated by social status in a highly social cichlid fish
Authors: Dijkstra Peter D. , Fialkowski Robert J. , Bush Brady , Wong Ryan Y. , Moore Travis I. , Harvey Ashley R.
Published: November 2024

Social stress can increase reactive oxygen species and derail antioxidant function in the brain, which may contribute to the onset and progression of mental health disorders. In hierarchical species, repeated social defeat can raise oxidative stress in the brain. However, how oxidative balance in the brain is regulated across different levels in a social hierarchy is unknown. Here, we study the effect of social status on patterns of oxidative stress across several brain divisions in a highly social cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. In this species, dominant males are territorial, brightly colored, and reproductively active while subordinate males are not. We measured several markers of oxidative stress in macrodissected brain divisions in dominant and subordinate males. We found that dominant individuals had lower oxidative DNA damage (8-OhdG) in the midbrain while also having increased total antioxidant capacity in the midbrain and hypothalamus. However, in dominant males, oxidative DNA damage tended to be higher in the hypothalamus while total glutathione levels were lower in the telencephalon compared to subordinate males. Finally, we found that indicators of reproductive activity (gonadosomatic index and social behavior) were co-regulated with antioxidant function or oxidative damage in the telencephalon. Combined, our results suggest that social status and activation of the reproductive system regulate oxidative balance in the brain in a highly brain division specific manner.
Spike-HAR++: an energy-efficient and lightweight parallel spiking transformer for event-based human action recognition
Authors: Lin Xinxu , Liu Mingxuan , Chen Hong
Published: November 2024

Event-based cameras are suitable for human action recognition (HAR) by providing movement perception with highly dynamic range, high temporal resolution, high power efficiency and low latency. Spike Neural Networks (SNNs) are naturally suited to deal with the asynchronous and sparse data from the event cameras due to their spike-based event-driven paradigm, with less power consumption compared to artificial neural networks. In this paper, we propose two end-to-end SNNs, namely Spike-HAR and Spike-HAR++, to introduce spiking transformer into event-based HAR. Spike-HAR includes two novel blocks: a spike attention branch, which enables model to focus on regions with high spike rates, reducing the impact of noise to improve the accuracy, and a parallel spike transformer block with simplified spiking self-attention mechanism, increasing computational efficiency. To better extract crucial information from high-level features, we modify the architecture of the spike attention branch and extend it in Spike-HAR to a higher dimension, proposing Spike-HAR++ to further enhance classification performance. Comprehensive experiments were conducted on four HAR datasets: SL-Animals-DVS, N-LSA64, DVS128 Gesture and DailyAction-DVS, to demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed model. Additionally, the proposed Spike-HAR and Spike-HAR++ require only 0.03 and 0.06 mJ, respectively, to process a sequence of event frames, with model sizes of only 0.7 and 1.8 M. This efficiency positions it as a promising new SNN baseline for the HAR community. Code is available at Spike-HAR++.
Roles of the gut microbiota in human neurodevelopment and adult brain disorders
Authors: Mallick Rahul , Basak Sanjay , Das Ranjit K. , Banerjee Antara , Paul Sujay , Pathak Surajit , Duttaroy Asim K.
Published: November 2024

Growing evidence demonstrates the connection between gut microbiota, neurodevelopment, and adult brain function. Microbial colonization occurs before the maturation of neural systems and its association with brain development. The early microbiome interactions with the gut-brain axis evolved to stimulate cognitive activities. Gut dysbiosis can lead to impaired brain development, growth, and function. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is critically required for brain structure and function, modulates gut microbiota, and impacts brain activity. This review explores how gut microbiota influences early brain development and adult functions, encompassing the modulation of neurotransmitter activity, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier integrity. In addition, it highlights processes of how the gut microbiome affects fetal neurodevelopment and discusses adult brain disorders.
Study of the oxidative stability via Oxitest and Rancimat of phenolic-rich olive oils obtained by a sequential process of dehydration, expeller and supercritical CO2 extractions
Authors: Chabni Assamae , Bañares Celia , Torres Carlos F.
Published: November 2024

The oxidative stability of olive oils extracted by different methods, i.e. conventional 2-phase extraction (cOO), and sequential extraction by expeller press (eOO) and supercritical CO2 (SCOO), was determined by using two accelerated oxidation methods, Oxitest and Rancimat, in the temperature range 90–160°C. The kinetic analyses carried out provided Arrhenius activation energies, enthalpies, entropies and Gibb’s free energies of activation, temperature coefficients, Q10 factors, and the oxidative stability indexes at 20°C (OSI20) for the different oils. A good correlation between the two techniques was obtained (r2 = 0.996). Oxitest showed, however, shorter induction times and less sample quantity (1 g vs. 3 g in Rancimat) requirements, suggesting that it could be a good and faster alternative to Rancimat for the evaluation of the oil oxidative stability. cOO showed OSI20 values of 38.5 and 42.5 months, by the Rancimat and Oxitest methods, respectively. Furthermore, eOO and SCOO showed OSI20 values of 43.3 and 138.6 months by Rancimat and 67 and 142 months by the Oxitest method, respectively. The strong correlation found between the phenolic content of the oils and their OSI20 values confirms that a higher oil phenolic content would improve the oxidative stability of the oils.
Case report: Systemic air embolism after percutaneous microwave ablation of an unresectable metastatic lung lesion
Authors: Tang Wei , Zhu Fandong , Yang Jianfeng , Wang Ting , Zhao Zhenhua , Feng Jiangfeng
Published: November 2024

Systemic air embolism, though rare, poses a significant risk as a complication of CT-guided lung lesion ablation. This condition often arises from the formation of a transient bronchovascular fistula, which can occur when a needle punctures the lung or accidentally breaches a pulmonary vein. In this report, we present a case involving acute cerebral infarction resulting from retrograde venous embolism linked to a fistula between the pleural cavity and pulmonary artery after pulmonary ablation. The patient demonstrated clear signs and symptoms but ultimately recovered fully and was discharged without lasting effects. This case underscores the critical need for ongoing vigilance and proactive measures to prevent air embolism during such medical procedures.
Superhydrophobic sand mulch and date palm biochar boost growth of Moringa oleifera in sandy soils via enhanced irrigation and nutrient use efficiency
Authors: Odokonyero Kennedy , Vernooij Bob , Albar Batool , Exposito Lisa Oki , Alsamdani Aishah , Haider Amin Akhtar Ghulam , Musskopf Nayara Vivian Huve , Kharbatia Najeh , Gallo Adair , Mishra Himanshu
Published: November 2024

Introduction

It is desirable to rehabilitate desert ecosystems with a selection of native plant species that render ecosystem services and yield natural products for creating a high-value industry, e.g., pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. However, plant growth under arid and hyper-arid conditions, such as in the Arabian Peninsula, is constrained by heat, freshwater scarcity, and alkaline sandy soils with low nutrient and water holding capacity. Therefore, it is imperative to develop nature-based sustainable technologies to improve arid soil conditions, as well as increase irrigation and nutrient-use eficiency.

Methods

Here, we report on a study evaluating the effects of two complementary soil amendment technologies, namely Superhydrophobic sand (SHS) mulch and engineered biochar (EB) on the growth of Moringa oleifera plants. Effects of SHS (1cm-thick), EB (2% w/w), and SHS+EB treatments were tracked in greenhouse plants under normal (N, 100% field capacity) and reduced (R, 50% of N) irrigation scenarios for over 150 days, where EB treatments were pre-loaded with nutrients and remaining treatments received traditional NPK fertilizer.

Results

Significant benefits of the SHS, EB, and SHS+EB treatments were found in terms of increased plant height, trunk diameter, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content index, stomatal conductance, and shoot and root biomass in comparison with the controls. Evaporation water savings due to SHS mulching significantly enhanced transpiration under N and R scenarios. Similarly, EB and SHS+EB treated plants experienced higher transpiration than in the control plants under N and R conditions (p< 0.05). In response to water stress due to excessive evaporation, metabolomics analysis showed a higher accumulation of amino acids in control plants than other treatments under both irrigation regimes. Meanwhile, a higher abundance of sugars (i.e., D-Mannose, D-Fructose, glucose) and organic acid (i.e., malic acid) was observed in SHS and EB-treatments for Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) scores >1.0 (i.e., the scores considered of significance in contributing to the differences between treatment groups).

Discussion

The results show the synergistic benefits of SHS and EB technologies for addressing the challenges of water scarcity and nutrient limitation in arid regions, which couldcontribute to the success and sustainability of agriculture and greening efforts in such regions.
Being a Pakistani mother in Catalonia: a mixed methods study
Authors: El Khayat Maryam , Rivero Magda , Anguera M. Teresa
Published: November 2024

Introduction

In Pakistani migrant families, contextual transformation can affect adult caregivers’ parental skills and their ability to exercise positive parenting. We focused on identifying and describing patterns, practices and beliefs about parenting, identifying differential characteristics between the context of origin and the host context, and exploring Pakistani immigrants’ use of resources or assets in the area of parenting support.

Methods

Participants consisted of 20 women, established in Catalonia, Spain (<5 years of residence) who have children (at least one of preschool-age). We used a method of indirect observation based on verbal narrative data and textual material that allows integration between qualitative and quantitative elements. The analysis of polar coordinate (quantitative) was applied to obtain a map of interrelationships between codes/categories, based on code matrices. This method is innovative as this is the first study we know in which focus groups have been analyzed through polar coordinate.

Results

Our findings underscore the importance of examining in-depth the concept of family, parenting and upbringing from a cross-cultural perspective. Our results suggest that Pakistani migrant mothers dedicate resources and efforts to maintain the values and practices of origin, and to transmit them to the following generations.

Discussion

Constant communication among relatives using new technologies, the desire to return to Pakistan, and the absence of spaces for interaction between native and migrated families facilitate the maintenance of the upbringing model of origin and resistance to change. A nuclear family structure and access to educational and health services promote acculturation processes in favor of adaptation to the new reality.
Application of “Internet +” continuous emotion management training in patients with depression
Authors: Zhang Yanping , Wang Jiaxin , Qiao Linlin , Li Yating , Hou Runing , Gu Xiaojing , Zhao Jingyuan , Yan Fang
Published: November 2024

Objective

Explore the application effects of “Internet +” continuous emotional management training in depression patients and analyze the feasibility of innovative rehabilitation training methods.

Methods

Conveniently selected 100 discharged patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for depression from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between August 2022 and January 2023 as study subjects. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group according to their discharge time, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine monthly telephone follow-ups and “Internet +” health popularization. The intervention group received “Internet +” continuous emotional management training in addition to the control group’s protocol. Before and after the intervention, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), the Chinese version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-C), and the Social Adaptation Function Evaluation Scale (SAFE) were used to compare the differences in depression relief, cognitive emotion regulation levels, and social functions between the two groups.

Results

Two patients in the control group and three patients in the intervention group were lost to follow-up during the intervention, Ultimately, 48 patients in the control group and 47 patients in the intervention group completed the study. Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in HAMD scores, CERQ-C subscale scores, and SAFE scores (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower HAMD and SAFE scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In the CERQ-C questionnaire, the intervention group scored lower in self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, and blaming others but higher in acceptance, positive refocusing, refocusing on planning, positive reappraisal, and putting into perspective compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

“Internet +” continuity emotion management training can reduce the severity of depression in post-discharge patients and enhance their emotional management and social adaptability. This approach is feasible in clinical practice.
Case report: Fatal long-term intoxication by 2,4-dinitrophenol and anabolic steroids in a young bodybuilder with muscle dysmorphia
Authors: Hermetet Coralie , Jourdan Marine , Baert Alain , Gheddar Laurie , Ameline Alice , Kintz Pascal , Bouvet Renaud
Published: November 2024

A case of chronic intoxication by 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) is reported in a 21-year-old bodybuilder, also known as an abuser of anabolic steroids, who died after ingesting 2 grams of this substance after 6 months of repeated consumption. The bodybuilder presented the triad of symptoms – tachycardia, tachypnoea, profuse sweating – from 6 months before his death, and was hospitalised for multiple organ failure 4 months before his death. Medical staff attributed this serious episode to his consumption of 2,4-DNP. Although the triad of symptoms persisted, he denied continuing to consume 2,4-DNP during consultations with his general practitioner, who therefore looked into a possible diagnosis of endocrine or tumour disorder. The bodybuilder died of multi-organ failure. The autopsy found diffuse visceral congestion and yellowish colouration of integuments. Toxicology demonstrated not only lethal acute 2,4-DNP intoxication (blood concentration was 88 mg/L), but also chronic intoxication (segmental hair concentrations were 5.1 to 25.5 ng/mg). Different anabolic steroids were also identified in the hair. Continued uncontrolled consumption of 2,4-DNP despite the consequences for his health, combined with an obvious preoccupation with his physical appearance, supported the suspected diagnosis of “muscle dysmorphia”, a psychiatric disorder in which dangerous substances are trivialised. Primary care professionals, the first to come into contact with intoxication cases, should receive training on how to detect and manage cases with symptomology that mimics 2,4-DNP use. A large study evaluating the outcomes of acute intoxication cases if “aggressive” management had been immediately implemented may help us determine the optimal course of action that minimises fatalities.
Multi-physiological signal fusion for objective emotion recognition in educational human–computer interaction
Authors: Wu Wanmeng , Zuo Enling , Zhang Weiya , Meng Xiangjie
Published: November 2024

Introduction

An increasing prevalence of psychological stress and emotional issues among higher education teachers necessitates innovative approaches to promote their wellbeing. Emotion recognition technology, integrated into educational human–computer interaction (HCI) systems, offers a promising solution. This study aimed to develop a robust emotion recognition system to enhance teacher–student interactions within educational HCI settings.

Methods

A multi-physiological signal-based emotion recognition system was developed using wearable devices to capture electrocardiography (ECG), electromyography (EMG), electrodermal activity, and respiratory signals. Feature extraction was performed using time-domain and time-frequency domain analysis methods, followed by feature selection to eliminate redundant features. A convolutional neural network (CNN) with attention mechanisms was employed as the decision-making model.

Results

The proposed system demonstrated superior accuracy in recognizing emotional states than existing methods. The attention mechanisms provided interpretability by highlighting the most informative physiological features for emotion classification.

Discussion

The developed system offers significant advancements in emotion recognition for educational HCI, enabling more accurate and standardized assessments of teacher emotional states. Real-time integration of this technology into educational environments can enhance teacher–student interactions and contribute to improved learning outcomes. Future research can explore the generalizability of this system to diverse populations and educational settings.
Workplace eco-anxiety: a scoping review of what we know and how to mitigate the consequences
Authors: Ayassamy Prisca , Francoeur Virginie , Paillé Pascal
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Eco-anxiety can affect individuals’ environmental engagement conditions. People spend approximately 35 h or more per week in a workplace environment. It is worth considering whether workplace initiatives exist to deal with eco-anxiety. Little research has been carried out on workplace-related eco-anxiety and no studies have been conducted on how to respond to this health issue within the workplace specifically. To address this issue, we explored eco-anxiety in a workplace context in the literature and developed a model of change to better respond to employees’ eco-anxiety.

Methodology

First, a scoping review was conducted to investigate workplace eco-anxiety. Second, an analysis was performed in which Lewin’s theory of change was used to propose changes in the workplace designed to better respond to eco-anxiety.

Findings

Lewin’s three stages can guide action to reduce eco-anxiety in the workplace. Step 1 (unfreeze) involves becoming aware of the eco-anxiety problem within the organization, step two (change) consists of finding alternatives in the built environment such as green spaces and pro-environmental behavior through circular economy practices, and step 3 (refreeze) involves stabilizing this change.

Originality

Our study is among the few to explore eco-anxiety in the workplace specifically and, to our knowledge the first, to propose an intervention model for management and employees. Lewin’s three stages can guide action to reduce eco-anxiety in the workplace.
A study about the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, spirituality, and mental health among emerging adults in metro Manila: findings on higher risk for mental health conditions among LGBTQ+ emerging adults
Authors: Wong Penelope M. , Ong Jasmine Eve C. , Chua Jasper S. , See Annika Shanice C. , Alibudbud Rowalt
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Mental health disorders are the third most common disorder in the Philippines, showing a need for further studies in this field among the Filipino population. Several studies have shown that sociodemographic characteristics and spirituality could influence the mental health of individuals, although there are sparse studies in the Philippines.

Objectives

The present study explored the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and spirituality to depression, anxiety, and stress among emerging adults in Metro Manila.

Methods

The study gathered data using a self-administered sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Core Dimensional Spirituality Questionnaire (CDSQ), and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS 21). The data collected was then analyzed through linear regression analysis.

Results

More than half of the participants had significant scores for anxiety, while two out of five participants had significant scores for depression. Almost one out of five participants had significant scores for stress. Depression scores are positively associated with being LGBTQ+ and belief in God, while they are negatively associated with feelings of security. Similarly, anxiety scores are positively associated with being LGBTQ+. Likewise, stress scores are positively associated with being LGBTQ+ and age, while it is negatively associated with feelings of security.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that LGBTQ+ emerging adults and those with older age may need additional focus in mental health programs. Likewise, mental health programs may also enhance their activities to increase an individual’s security.
Characterization of annulus fibrosus lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in dogs affected by intervertebral disc disease, a descriptive case series
Authors: Merbl Yael , Kaur Sukhmeen , Kei Tiffany G. , Ryan Elle , Johnson Philippa J.
Published: November 2024

Objective

Describe and characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of annulus fibrosus (AF) high-intensity zone (HIZ) in dogs suffering from intervertebral disc disease (IVDD).

Methods

A single-center retrospective case series study. Databases were reviewed from 2011 to 2022 for dogs that underwent MRI diagnosis due to suspected IVDD. Cases were included if they had T2-weighted (T2W) hyperintense annular fibrosus lesions (AFL) on the imaging diagnosis report. To be included, the MRI scan had to be of diagnostic quality and include a sagittal T2W, proton density (PD), or short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence of the annular lesion, together with transverse T2W and/or dorsal plane STIR sequences over the HIZ region.

Results

Forty one cases (in 39 dogs) of HIZ were included in the study. Mixed breed dogs were the highest represented group representing 25.6% of the cohort. Patient median age was 7.5 years and median weight 23 kg. Primary HIZ appeared in 7/39 dogs (17.95%) and the remaining had acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE), hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion (HNPE) or concurrent myelopathy. Characterization of HIZ lesions included several variable appearances in orientation and shape. HIZ lesions were most easily identifiable in the sagittal plane. Similar to humans, the most common site of HIZ without extrusion was the lumbosacral (LS) region. All the dogs with HIZ lesions as the most significant MRI finding, exhibited spinal pain and/or chronic paresis/plegia.

Conclusions and clinical significance

By introducing and defining HIZ lesions to the veterinary imaging nomenclature, we hope future studies will further examine the prevalence and clinical significance of HIZ lesions in canine patients.
Cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy applications in upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, a review
Authors: Drittone Denise , Schipilliti Francesca Matilde , Arrivi Giulia , Mazzuca Federica
Published: November 2024

Peritoneal metastases (PM) are the spread of tumor forms into the peritoneum as metastases from another organ. PM is a frequent condition in metastatic gastrointestinal cancer (colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, appendiceal, and cholangiocarcinoma); their presence confers a poor prognosis, reducing patient survival. The standard treatment consists of systemic chemotherapy according to current guidelines. In recent years, scientific evidence has shown how combined cytoreductive surgery (CRS) techniques followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can improve survival in this patient population. Despite the results still obtained, using this combined technique is still under discussion. This review aims to highlight the benefits and limitations of this combined procedure, which is already widely used to treat peritoneal metastases in gynecological tumors.
Musicoterapia na elaboração do luto parental: revisão integrativa
Authors: Otta Fernanda Ketlyn Sayuri , Fischer Cláudia Petlik , Carvalho Luciane Bizari Coin de Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Introdução. O Luto Parental é um processo de intenso sofrimento e extremamente doloroso. A Musicoterapia é uma ferramenta potencialmente eficaz na assistência de pais que perderam seus filhos, reduzindo um possível agravamento do processo para um quadro patológico. Objetivo. Observar como a Musicoterapia pode colaborar na elaboração do luto de pais que perderam seus filhos. Método. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS); CAPES Periódicos; PubMed®; Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), utilizando os descritores em português, e seus correlatos em inglês: Musicoterapia (Music Therapy); luto (grief); pesar (bereavement e mourning); morte (death); pais (parents); mãe (mother); cuidadores (caregivers); família (family), combinando os descritores através dos operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. Foram incluídos: artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024, em português e inglês, e que utilizaram a intervenção de Musicoterapia para pais em luto, sendo excluídos: os indexados repetidamente, de revisão da literatura, teses e dissertações, e os que não abordavam a “Musicoterapia na elaboração do luto em pais que perderam seus filhos”. Resultados. Foram analisados cinco artigos. Observou-se que a Musicoterapia foi aplicada nas passagens importantes do fim de vida e na criação de legado, como gravações dos sons de batimentos cardíacos combinados a uma música familiar. Os cinco artigos analisados descreveram a aplicação da intervenção por musicoterapeutas. Ressalta-se a necessidade de mais estudos sobre o tema. Conclusão. A Musicoterapia pode ser aplicada na construção de legado, tornando-se uma opção potencialmente eficaz na assistência ao luto de pais que perderam seus filhos.
القيم المرتبطة بأدوار النّساء في المجتمع المصري: دراسة وصفية
Authors: شوشة نيرة
Published: November 2024

هدف الدراسة: سعت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن القيم المرتبطة بأدوار النساء، سواء في المنزل، أو سوق العمل، أو الحياة العامة في المجتمع المصري، في ضوء المسح العالمي للقيم عبر أربعة مسوح زمنية منذ 1999 حتى 2020. وسعت من ناحية أخرى إلى تعرّف الفروق بين النوعين في طبيعة القيم المرتبطة بأدوار النساء في المجتمع المصري. المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة بيانات مستمدَّة من المسح العالمي للقيم، الذي طُبّق عبر فترات زمنية متفاوتة. وأجريت على عينات زمنية مختلفة؛ المسح الأول (3000 مشاركٍ)، و(3051 مشاركاً) في المسح الثاني، و(1523 مُشاركاً) في المسح الثالث، و(1200 مُشاركٍ) في المسح الرابع، ومن شرائح عمرية مختلفة، ومستويات تعليمية وطبقات اجتماعية، متفاوتة. النتائج: أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق في القيم المرتبطة بأدوار النساء في المجتمع المصري عبر الزمن سواء في مجال العمل، والتعليم، والمشاركة في الحياة العامة، عبر المسوح الأربعة، كما أظهرت وجود فروق بين النوعين في القيم المرتبطة بأدوار النساء في المجتمع؛ وافق المشاركون من الرجال على أنَّ الرجال لهم الحق في الوظائف أكثر من النساء، لا سيما الوظائف التنفيذية، وأنَّ للرجال أحقية أكبر في التعليم الجامعي مقارنة بتعليم النساء، وأنَّ الدور الأساسي للمرأة هو عملها بصفتها ربة منزل، وأنَّ الرجال أفضل بصفتهم قادة سياسيين من النساء، في حين كانت النساء أكثر تأييداً لفكرة أن حصول النساء على حقوق مماثلة للرجال في المجتمع متطلب من متطلبات الديموقراطية، وأنَّ ضرب الرجل لزوجته ليس أحد حقوقه كونه زوجاً.
الاقتصاد السياسي للتنمية الريفية في السودان دراسة حالة ولاية النيل الأبيض
Authors: إبراهيم حلو , علي إبراهيم , صالح علي , النور عبد الحميد
Published: November 2024

هدف الدراسة: تهدف الدراسة إلى تقصي واقع التنمية الريفية في ولاية النيل الأبيض-السودان، من خلال الاستعراض والتحليل لبعض المؤشرات ذات الصلة، كما تهدف أيضاً إلى بحث أثر تدخل الدولة في بنية الإنتاج الريفي في الولاية. المنهجية: لتحقيق الأهداف تبنت الدراسة منهج الاقتصاد السياسي إطاراً نظرياً، كما استخدمت المنهج الاستقرائي، واعتمدت على مصادر المعلومات بشقيها الأولي والثانوي، وشملت المقابلات والمناقشات مع بعض مكونات المجتمع والجهات الرسمية، إلى جانب الأدبيات ذات الصلة. النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المناطق الريفية في ولاية النيل الأبيض لم تجد حظها من المشاريع التنموية، وأن المدخل التنموي الذي تبنته الحكومات المتعاقبة كان عاجزاً عن الإيفاء بمتطلبات الريف وتحسين بنية الإنتاج، كما أن تدخل الدولة في نظم استخدام الأرض انعكس سلباً على سكان الريف.الخلاصة: ختمت الدراسة بضرورة التأسيس لمنهج يضمن استدامة سبل العيش في ظل مجموعة من الظروف المواتية التي تنمي القدرات وتقوي الشرائح الضعيفة من النساء والأطفال وتمكن للشباب وتعزز من الشراكات مع المجتمع المحلي.
Penguatan Ekonomi Kreatif Lokal melalui Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Digital di Komunitas Masyarakat
Authors: Junaedi Sausan Raihana Putri , Rojali Rojali
Published: November 2024

Penguatan ekonomi kreatif lokal merupakan strategi penting untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan mengurangi ketergantungan ekonomi pada sektor formal. Namun, para pelaku ekonomi kreatif lokal sering menghadapi kesulitan dalam memanfaatkan teknologi digital untuk memperluas usaha mereka. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan kewirausahaan digital menjadi salah satu solusi potensial dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan pengembangan usaha kreatif lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pelatihan kewirausahaan digital terhadap pemberdayaan ekonomi kreatif lokal, terutama dalam hal peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan daya saing pelaku usaha. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen dari komunitas masyarakat yang mengikuti program pelatihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan kewirausahaan digital secara signifikan meningkatkan kapasitas usaha kreatif, khususnya dalam aspek pemasaran digital, manajemen bisnis, dan inovasi produk. Selain itu, faktor-faktor pendukung seperti akses terhadap teknologi dan kemampuan beradaptasi dengan perubahan digital juga memainkan peran penting dalam kesuksesan pelatihan ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pelatihan kewirausahaan digital memiliki potensi besar dalam memperkuat ekonomi kreatif lokal. Namun, untuk mencapai keberlanjutan ekonomi yang lebih luas, diperlukan dukungan berkelanjutan dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Rekomendasi diberikan kepada pemerintah dan lembaga pelatihan untuk memperluas program serupa guna memberdayakan pelaku ekonomi kreatif di era digital.