bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Fatal Outcome in Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis/HIV Co-Infection with Chronic Alcoholism (Clinical Case)
Authors: Raznatovska O.M. , Petrenko V.I. , Shalmin O.S. , Yasinskyi R.M. , Fedorec A.V. , Svitlitsky A.O. , Svitlytska O.A. , Noreiko S.B.
Published: May 2024

Our own case of tuberculosis/HIV co-infection’s diagnosis in chronic alcoholism and analysis of the fatal outcome predictors are presented. The patient abused alcohol for a long time in the presented case, he was hospitalised with acute psychosis in a psychoneurological dispensary, where pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection were diagnosed for the first time during additional examination. The patient was admitted to the department in serious condition after prolonged alcohol intoxication. The patient’s condition stabilized after detoxification therapy. Antimycobacterial therapy according to the scheme of an individual treatment regimen, antiretroviral therapy, treatment of hepatitis B and C, detoxification therapy, prophylaxis with Biseptol and Fluconazole and symptomatic therapy were prescribed. After 20 days immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome developed. It was manifested with meningitis and cryptococci were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid 17 days later. Prescribed treatment of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis with fluconazole in high doses intravenously had a significant positive effect, which made it possible to reduce the dose of the drug to the maintenance level. The treatment was not stopped, but sterility of the liquor was not achieved. After 98 days the patient entered a coma and after 113 days he died from the progression of multiple organ failure and cryptococcal meningitis. It should be noted that the patient was diagnosed with tuberculosis with multiple drug resistance for the first time, the treatment of which had positive dynamics, despite the progression of multiple organ failure and the presence of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. Therefore, although tuberculosis was not the direct cause of the patient’s death, the disease itself deepened the severity of the general condition. Considering the presented clinical case, it was established that predictors of the fatal outcome of newly diagnosed tuberculosis/HIV co-infection in chronic alcoholism are: antisocial lifestyle; concomitant diseases (tuberculosis, chronic viral hepatitis B and C); cryptococcal meningoencephalitis; fever, altered mental status, cryptococci in the cerebrospinal fluid; the number of CD4+ lymphocytes is less than 200/μL; lack of early screening for CrAg; early initiation of antiretroviral therapy before the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, which provokes immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, against the background of which cryptococcal infection progresses; monotherapy of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis with Fluconazole. Knowledge and practice gaps among medical practitioners contribute to the high fatality rate of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in tuberculosis/HIV co-infection in chronic alcoholism.
Disseminated Granulomatous Lung Disease in Patients with Intravenous Drug Use: Clinical and Morphological Features
Authors: Nikolayeva O.D. , Liskina I.V. , Zahaba L.M.
Published: May 2024

Pulmonary dissemination syndrome is a radiological syndrome characterised by the development of multiple focal opacities and/or an increase and reticular deformation of the lung pattern, often bilaterally. It can occur in the development of various pathological processes, with over 200 different lung diseases associated with its development.Key components of differential diagnosis include a thorough study of the patient’s history, evaluation of clinical symptoms, radiological imaging and the dynamics of the process during observation, laboratory indicators and spirometry data. If a diagnosis cannot be established, it is appropriate to perform transbronchial lung biopsy or video thoracoscopy with biopsy of the most affected lung areas.This paper presents current data on the development of a rare variant of disseminated granulomatous process in the lungs, which can occur in drug-dependent individuals who intravenously inject solutions or suspensions of drugs originally manufactured in tablet form and intended for oral use. Literary data and personal observations from practice are provided. Typically, such patients do not have specific complaints or clinical signs, and their laboratory indicators are also non-specific. Radiologically, a disseminated process in the lungs is diagnosed. The main diagnostic measure in such cases is surgical lung biopsy followed by morphological examination. Histological descriptions of peculiar changes in lung tissue and useful additional studies for differential diagnosis are presented. Two cases are detailed, one of which involved a combination of morphological signs of past tuberculosis with manifestations of another giant cell granulomatous process.It is crucial in the diagnosis of this pulmonary pathology to establish and clarify the history—repeated intravenous administration of drugs intended for oral use, as most patients tend to conceal this information.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Post-COVID-19 Patients with Bronchial Asthma (Review)
Authors: Korzh G.Z. , Korzh N.V. , Ostrovskyy M.M. , Kulynych–Miskiv M.O. , Varunkiv O.I. , Savelikhina I.O. , Shvets K.V. , Shevchuk–Budz U.I.
Published: May 2024

Respiratory diseases rank among the most prevalent ailments affecting both adults and children, marked by diverse clinical manifestations, frequent complications and exacerbations. Long-term hypoxia can disrupt normal metabolic activities, leading to functional impairments and occasionally organic changes in other organs and systems. Bronchial asthma represents a significant global health issue, affecting an estimated 300 million individuals worldwide. Its prevalence is on the rise in many developing countries.Objective — to synthesise literature data concerning the characteristics and frequency of pulmonary rehabilitation usage in patients with bronchial asthma post-COVID-19. Many patients experience persistent and progressive symptoms that hinder daily activities and result in a reduced overall quality of life. This reduction in quality of life can lead to decreased work productivity and increased healthcare costs. Continuous treatment and the development of prevention strategies are essential to mitigate exacerbations and various complications. Furthermore, this issue has gained increased relevance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Coronavirus infection impacts not only the respiratory system but the entire body. Therefore, for optimal recovery and a faster return to normal life post-illness, it is recommended to integrate respiratory exercises with strengthening rehabilitation measures and moderate physical activities, tailoring the regimen to the overall health condition of the individual. Pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with bronchial asthma post-COVID-19 represents a pertinent and effective treatment method but requires broader implementation within the modern healthcare system.
Analisis Kerentanan Pada Domain Repository Unjaya Menggunakan Kerangka Information System Security Assessment Framework (ISAFF)
Authors: Lahitani Alfirna Rizqi , Ahmad Nurhidayat  , Nofa Shintia  , Muhammad Fahrur R
Published: May 2024

Vulnerability analysis on the Unjaya Repository website uses the ISSAF method for identifying and grouping identified vulnerabilities.. The purpose is to provide an in-depth understanding of the vulnerabilities that exist on the Repository site as a basis for the corrective steps needed to reduce security risks. The methods are information gathering, network mapping, vulnerability exposure, vulnerability grouping, IP addresses, active ports. Scanning using Nikto Scanner and Helium Security, 24 vulnerabilities detected in four levels, namely high, medium, low and informational. The results found at a high level of vulnerability in the form of disclosure of PII, at a medium level such as the absence of an Anti-CSRF Token, at a low level such as Application Error Disclosure, and at an information level such as Authentication Request Identified. This proves that there is a significant potential risk to the security of the Unjaya Repository site.
INNOVATION OF WAYANG PERFORMANCE THROUGH CINEMA AND THEATER TECHNIQUES AS NEW MEDIA
Authors: I kadek Widnyana , NI KOMANG SEKAR MARHAENI , I GUSTI NGURAH SUDARTA , NI KADEK DWIYANI , WIDYARTO RINTO
Published: May 2024

Fungsi wayang kulit sangatlah komplek dan selalu eksis dalam situasi dan pada zaman apapun. Setidaknya ada 7 fungsi pertunjukan wayang kulit: 1. Sebagai penggugah rasa indah dan kesenangan, 2. Sebagai pemberi hiburan sehat, 3. Sebagai media komonikasi, 4. Sebagai persembahan simbolis. 5. Sebagai penyelenggaraan keserasian norma-norma masyarakat, 6. Sebagai pengukuhan institusi sosial dan upacara keagamaan, 7. Sebagai kontribusi terhadap kelangsungan dan stabilitas kebudayaan.
Sebagai sebuah keniscayaan, bahwa pertunjukan wayang dalam bentuk, jenis dan model apapun, tetap harus kontektual dan menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman. akselerasi teknologi yang sedemikian berkembang pesat memberikan peluang positif terhadap eksistensi kesenian wayang itu sendiri jika kita mampu memberdayakan teknologi dan budaya modern sesuai porsinya. Namun demikian marwah seni pewayangan hendaknya tetap bisa dipertahankan agar nilai tuntunan, tontonan, tatanan tetap bisa dipertahankan. Terlebih lagi dalam karya inovasi ini penggarap diharapkan mampu juga menjawab nilai tantangan, tuntutan dan tanggung jawab terhadap karya yang dibuat.
Aktivitas penciptaan diterapkan melalui proses, dengan meminjam pendapatnya Dr. I Kt Suteja, yang menggunakan lima tahapan atau metode yaitu: ngerencana, noasen, makalin, nelesin, ngebah. Metode suteja akan dipadukan dengan metode penciptaan Alma M. Hawkins yang menggunakan tiga tahapan yaitu: eksplorasi, improvisasi, dan formin. Luaran yang ingin dicapai adalah terwujudnya sebuah karya seni inovasi baru yang bertajuk Wayang Cinema, yaitu sebuah karya yang menggabungkan seni Pewayangan dan teknik Cinema dan teater ke dalam sebuah pola pertunjukan baru.
 
Kata kunci: Wayang Cinema, Inovatif, Kresna, Duta Perdamaian.
Constants and changes in the Russian ideologies in 2021
Authors: Wenxin Lin
Published: May 2024

Russia’s 2021 Duma elections after the sanctions from Europe and the coronavirus pandemic were held in context of protest sentiments. The Lower House of Parliament shifted from four to five factions for the first time since 1999, and in the context of recurrent outbreaks of a pandemic, the Russian public spent a year under the influence of the controversial legal arguments about the status of foreign media and the use of QR codes. It took place in the context of the 30th anniversary of the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Genetic associations with educational fields in >460,000 individuals
Authors: Cheesman Rosa , Anapaz Ville , s.j.d.van.alten@vu.nl  , Ayorech Ziada , Demange Perline , Ebeltoft Joakim Coleman , Eilertsen Espen Moen , Fauske Agnes , Havdahl Alexandra , Lahtinen Hannu , Lyngstad Torkild Hovde , Porneso Ralph , Qin Qi , ganna andrea , Ystrom Eivind
Published: May 2024

The choice of a field of study is a significant decision influenced by a complex interplay of individual traits, interests, and contextual factors. Little is known about the genetic architecture of educational fields. Genetic methods make it possible to explore common influences on different field specialisations. First, we conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of 10 broad fields of education using population-wide administrative data from Finland and Norway (FinnGen and MoBa; total n=463,134). Measured genetic differences were associated with fields of study (17 independent genome-wide significant lead SNPs across 10 fields GWAS). SNP-based heritability estimates were 7% on average. Polygenic indices (PGIs) based on our GWAS results were significantly associated with their respective fields in Lifelines, an independent Dutch cohort for 7 out of 10 fields (p<0.005; n=36,373). Second, we detected overlapping genetic influences on different field specialisations, summarised by a Technical versus Social factor (genetically correlated with personality traits Extraversion and Agreeableness; 10 independent genome-wide significant lead SNP associations), and a second Creative versus Conformist factor (genetically correlated with Openness to Experience; 3 independent genome-wide significant lead SNPs). Third, results were robust to controls for stratification. SNP-based heritability estimates were not significantly attenuated when controlling for birthplace and parents’ fields. Similarly, PGI associations in the Lifelines study were not significantly attenuated when adjusting for parental PGIs for educational fields (n=14,767), although the drop in power meant that only two of the within-family associations were distinguishable from zero. Weaving together genetics, traits, and social contexts, we create a fuller picture of the underpinnings of educational qualifications, shifting the focus of social science genomic research from the conventional hierarchy of attainments towards multidimensional tendencies and interests. We discuss socially mediated mechanisms by which genetic associations with fields of study arise.
A Multimodal Understanding of the Role of Sound and Music in Gendered Toy Marketing
Authors: Marinelli Luca , Lucht Petra , Saitis Charalampos
Published: May 2024

Literature in music theory and psychology shows that, even in isolation, musical sounds can reliably encode gender-loaded messages. Musical material can be imbued with many ideological dimensions and gender is just one of them. Nonetheless, studies of the gendering of music within multimodal communicative events are sparse and lack an encompassing theoretical framework. The present study attempts to address this literature gap by employing a critical quantitative analysis of music in gendered toy marketing, which integrated a content analytical approach with multimodal affective and music-focused perceptual responses. Ratings were collected on a set of 606 commercials spanning a ten-year time frame and strong gender polarization was observed in nearly all of the collected variables. Gendered music styles in toy commercials exhibit synergistic design choices, as music in masculine-targeted adverts was substantially more abrasive—louder, more inharmonious, and more distorted—than in feminine-targeted ones. Thus, toy advertising music appeared deliberately and consistently in line with traditional gender norms. In addition, music perceptual scales and voice-related content analytical variables explain quite well the heavily polarized affective ratings. This study presents a empirical understanding of the gendering of music as constructed within multimodal discourse, reiterating the importance of the sociocultural underpinnings of music cognition. We provided a public repository with all code and data necessary to reproduce the results of this study on github.com/marinelliluca/music-role-gender-marketing.
2023 UK Reproducibility Network (UKRN) and University of Surrey Open and Transparent Research Practices Survey
Authors: Henderson Emma Louise , Farran Emily Kate
Published: May 2024

The 2023 UKRN Open and Transparent Research Practices (OTRP) Survey was part of the UKRN Open Research Programme and ran across 15 universities affiliated with the programme from January to April 2023. At the University of Surrey, we expanded the scope of the survey questions to gather data relevant to our strategic priorities and to facilitate tracking of progress against the baseline of our 2020 Open Research Practices survey (https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5nv4s). The goals of the survey were to help identify training gaps, to monitor Open Research awareness, attitudes, and behaviours, and to understand the barriers and opportunities in implementing Open Research practices that researchers may experience. This report provides an executive summary of the findings, recommended actions, and summary figures and text of responses to all questions in the questionnaire.
‘Do better, try harder:’ The need to walk the walk in clinical psychology’s stated commitment to social justice
Authors: Lorenzo-Luaces Lorenzo , Jardas EJ , Rodriguez-Seijas Craig Anthony
Published: May 2024

Comer et al. (2024) describe a task force (“the Task Force”) that reviewed “conversion therapy” articles for the journal Behavior Therapy. The Task Force discussed several actions including retraction—arguably the most comprehensive action—but decided against retracting the articles, opting instead for disclaimers, among other actions (e.g., reviewing the efficacy of affirmative therapies). We critique the work of the Task Force on the grounds of lacking substantive action of repair as well as supporting their decisions through informal fallacies like “slippery slope” argumentation. Additionally, we review the historical context surrounding the debate of the ethics of "conversion therapy" in the 1970s, which counters the Task Force’s conclusion that “conversion therapy” research was considered ethical at the time it was published. We argue the field needs to move beyond self-congratulatory narratives and instead take concrete steps to repair.
Is organization decided at encoding? Differentiating the effects of encoding and retrieval strategies.
Authors: Mundorf Abigail Marie Dester , Uitvlugt Mitchell , Healey Karl
Published: May 2024

Although there is evidence temporal information is both encoded and retrieved automatically, temporal contiguity in recall is modulated by strategic control processes. It is unclear if these control processes operate primarily at encoding, by interfering with learning temporal information, or at retrieval, by organizing recall based on non-temporal associations. To address this question, we independently manipulated encoding and retrieval strategies. Prior to encoding the first list, subjects were told to focus on either temporal or semantic associations and ignore the other (initial strategy). Before recalling the final list, half of subjects were instructed to switch strategies, while the other half kept the same strategy (test strategy). Temporal contiguity was observed in all conditions. A semantic test strategy greatly reduced temporal contiguity, while there was only a small effect of initial strategy. Variations in temporal contiguity may be primarily due to differences in intentional memory search at retrieval, rather than encoding.
A systematic review and narrative synthesis exploring the relationship between friendships and peer relationships, and self-harm ideation and behaviour among young people
Authors: Bilello Delfina , Townsend Ellen , Broome Matthew R , Armstrong Gregory , Burnett Heyes Stephanie
Published: May 2024

Friendships and peer relationships have an important role in the experience of self-harm ideation and behaviour in young people, yet they typically remain overlooked. The present systematic review and narrative synthesis explore the extant literature on this topic to identify important relationships between these constructs. A keyword search of peer-reviewed empirical articles relating to friendships and peer relationships and self-harm ideation and behaviour in young people (11-25 years old) was conducted across 11 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Sociology Database, IBSS and Sociological Abstracts) from database inception to April 2024. 90 articles were identified presenting evidence primarily from high-school adolescents (11-18 years old), mixed-gender (with a slight overrepresentation of females), White samples. Findings highlight significant, substantive relationships between the key constructs: (a) Studies of young people with self-harm ideation and behaviour show evidence that 1) characteristics of friends and peers, including their self-harm ideation and behaviour, relate to and predict ego self-harm ideation and behaviour; 2) friends and peers are important sources of support; 3) evidence on causal mechanisms is limited, but highlights potential peer selection and influence processes; b) Studies of friends and peers of young people with self-harm ideation and behaviour, highlight that 1) friends’ attitudes to self-harm and suicide influence their responses to peers’ self-harm ideation and behaviour; and 2) bereaved friends and friend supporters experience negative outcomes. Despite significant heterogeneity across samples, study designs and definition/measurement of the primary constructs, the current review represents an initial step in organising a complex literature on a critically important topic. These findings have important implications for the development of future research and evidence-based interventions.
Large Language Models as Moral Experts? GPT-4o Outperforms Expert Ethicist in Providing Moral Guidance
Authors: Wilbanks Danica , Mondal Debanjan , Tandon Niket , Gray Kurt
Published: May 2024

AI has demonstrated expertise across various fields, but its potential as a moral expert remains unclear. Recent work suggests that Large Language Models (LLMs) can reflect moral judgments with high accuracy. But as LLMs are increasingly used in complex decision-making roles, true moral expertise requires not just aligned judgments but also clear and trustworthy moral reasoning. Here, we advance work on the Moral Turing Test and find that advice from GPT-4o is rated as more moral, trustworthy, thoughtful, and correct than that of the popular The New York Times advice column, The Ethicist. GPT models outperformed both a representative sample of Americans and a renowned ethicist in providing moral explanations and advice, suggesting that LLMs have, in some respects, achieved a level of moral expertise. The present work highlights the importance of carefully programming ethical guidelines in LLMs, considering their potential to sway users' moral reasoning. More promisingly, it suggests that LLMs could complement human expertise in moral guidance and decision-making.
The DID-Guide: A Guide to Developing Digital Mental Health Interventions for Smartphones and Virtual Reality
Authors: Mertens Esther , van Gelder Jean-Louis
Published: May 2024

The opportunities technology offers for improving mental health have led to a rapid increase in digital interventions. Although different frameworks for intervention development have been proposed, steps needed for converting theoretical intervention techniques into specific technological features are missing in existing frameworks. In this article, we present the Digital Intervention Development Guide (DID-Guide), which details explicit steps for translating theory into technological features of digital interventions and can be used in combination with other frameworks. The DID-Guide builds on and extends the Behavioral Intervention Technology framework (Mohr et al., 2014) by adding 1) theoretical mechanisms, 2) intervention conceptualization, and 3) choice of delivery technology. We describe the different steps included in the DID-Guide, with a specific focus on smartphone applications (apps) and Virtual Reality (VR) as delivery technologies, and provide case examples from the development process of a recent mental health intervention.
Frameworks for causal inference in psychological science
Authors: Steiner Peter M. , Shadish William R. , Sullivan Kristynn J.
Published: May 2024

This chapter reviews some of the more recent developments of frameworks for causal inference, using Campbell’s familiar work on validity types and threats as a touchstone from which to examine two alternative frameworks: the potential outcomes framework (Rubin, 1974, 1978; Imbens & Rubin, 2015) and structural causal models and their respective graphical representation (Pearl, 2009a; Spirtes et al., 2002; Wright, 1923).
Comparison of the Direct Supervised Classification and Segment Mean Shift Classification: A Case Study of Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City of Nepal
Authors: Hamal Menaka , Prof. Shahnawaz
Published: May 2024

Comparison between Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification and methods is a common practice to assess their suitability and reliability in specific areas. In the case of Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City in Nepal, Sentinel-2B satellite imagery was utilized to evaluate the accuracy of LULC classification through both direct supervised classification and segment mean shift classification. Direct supervised classification was conducted in ERDAS Imagine, while segment mean shift classification was performed in ArcGIS to identify six LULC classes: forest, agriculture, built-up area, bare area, grassland, and waterbody. Pre-processing steps such as layer stacking, mosaicking, data extraction, atmospheric and radiometric correction were employed to enhance the imagery. Training samples were chosen via visual interpretation based on local knowledge to train the Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC). The results revealed that the segment mean shift method achieved the highest overall accuracy at 90%, whereas direct supervised classification yielded 85%. Furthermore, kappa statistics indicated a strong level of agreement, with segment mean shift scoring the highest at 0.88 and direct supervised classification at 0.81. Individual class accuracies varied, with forest classification being the most reliable at 98% and waterbody classification at 71%. Overall, the segment mean shift method was deemed more accurate and suitable than the pixel-based direct supervised classification for LULC classification in Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal.
Perlakuan Tanah Adat dan Tanah Negara dalam Redistribusi Tanah di Papua Barat
Authors: Putri Shenia Aurellia , Salim M. Nazir , Mujiburohman Dian Aries
Published: May 2024

The expansion of Domine Eduard Osok (DEO) Airport forced the Kokoda tribe community in Sorong City, West Papua, to relocate to Maibo Village. However, community control over plots of land in the village is unclear because it is an area with former cultivation rights. This study aims to clarify and resolve the issue of control of the Kokoda Tribe community over former HGU areas within the framework of the redistribution of former HGU land belonging to indigenous communities. The study employs a historical method and a qualitative descriptive approach. The research results reveal two distinct perspectives on the treatment and control of the former HGU land in Maibo Village, slated for designation as a land reform object. According to the land office, the land has returned to state land, and according to the local indigenous community, the land has returned to customary land. The land office successfully resolved the land control issue and redistributed the land to the Kokoda Tribe, despite differences in the treatment of former HGU land in Maibo Village. This research concludes that the national land law system still applies partially, especially to areas where there are traditional communities and very strong customary law. Ideally, the state should consider general arrangements to ensure appropriate and mutually beneficial protection for indigenous peoples.
Masyarakat adat Suku Kokoda di Kota Sorong, Papua Barat, tergusur ke Kampung Maibo akibat pelebaran Bandara Domine Eduard Osok (DEO). Namun demikian, penguasaan masyarakat atas bidang-bidang tanah di Kampung Maibo hanya sebatas penguasaan fisik dan belum secara yuridis karena merupakan wilayah bekas Hak Guna Usaha (HGU). Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperjelas dan mendudukkan persoalan penguasaan masyarakat Suku Kokoda atas bidang-bidang tanah dalam wilayah bekas HGU. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode historis dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua persepsi terhadap perlakuan penguasaan tanah bekas HGU di Kampung Maibo yang akan ditetapkan sebagai Tanah Objek Reforma Agraria. Menurut kantor pertanahan, tanah tersebut kembali menjadi tanah negara dan menurut masyarakat adat setempat, tanah tersebut kembali menjadi tanah adat. Meskipun terdapat dua perbedaan perlakuan terhadap tanah bekas HGU di Kampung Maibo, namun persoalan penguasaan tanah tersebut mampu diselesaikan oleh kantor pertanahan dan telah diredistribusikan kepada masyarakat Suku Kokoda. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sistem hukum tanah nasional masih berlaku parsial, terutama terhadap wilayah-wilayah yang memiliki ikatan masyarakat adat dan hukum adat yang sangat kuat. Idealnya, negara memikirkan pengaturan secara umum agar perlindungan terhadap masyarakat adat dapat diwujudkan secara tepat dan saling menguntungkan.
Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara mothers at Selected Community, Chennai
Authors: Anitha Irin , C. Susila , Sasikala D , Merlin A
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Breast milk is the best and most comprehensive source of nutrients for babies. Poor baby feeding practices are the cause of 60% of infant and early child mortality worldwide. The growth and development of children may be negatively impacted by inappropriate newborn feeding practices, particularly in underdeveloped and developing nations. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara Mothers at Selected Community, Chennai. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. The study was carried out in a community area in Chennai.  Using the purposive sampling technique, 100 primipara mothers with infants between the ages of 1-12 months who fulfil the inclusion criteria were selected after obtaining formal agreement from the relevant authorities of the selected community area and ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. The data was gathered through interview method using pre-tested instruments such as background variable proforma, obstetrical variable proforma, and proforma to evaluate primipara mothers' breastfeeding practices. Results: The study findings revealed that 73%   of the primipara mothers had moderately adequate practice. None of them in the category of needs improvement. There was a significant association between selected obstetrical variables such as mode of delivery and practice on breast feeding in primipara mothers (p<0.05). Those who had normal vaginal delivery had good practice when compared to those who delivered through LSCS.
Awareness on Respectful Maternity Care: A Cross Sectional Study among Nurses
Authors: Pandiselvi R , Vijayalakshmi K , Vasantha S
Published: May 2024

Maternal health refers to the health and well-being of women during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. Respectful maternity care is an important aspect of promoting positive birth experiences, reducing maternal mortality and morbidity, and improving overall maternal and newborn health outcomes. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the awareness on Respectful Maternity Care among 60 nurses from maternity centres who were selected by consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected using pretested and validated tools such as background variables proforma of nurses and structured knowledge questionnaire on Respectful Maternity Care during labour through self-administration method. Results: The findings of the study revealed that 91.6% of the nurses were in the category of needs improvement regarding the awareness on respectful maternity care, the global mean awareness score was 8.20/25 ± 1.73 (32.8%) and there was a significant association between the number of children and awareness on respectful maternity care during labour at P < 0.05. Conclusion: Health care professionals including nurses play vital role in the implementation of respectful maternity care practices to ensure that all women receive high-quality and dignified care during labour.
The Landscape Of The 1811 German Coast Uprising
Authors:   , Harrington Kenetha
Published: May 2024

" The 1811 German Coast uprising is known as one of the largest enslaved revolts in the United States. While previous studies have provided valuable insights into the event, this dissertation offers a reexamination with a focus on the landscape. I view the landscape as the physical environment and the social and cultural contexts embedded within it. Through this lens, the uprising is recognized as an act of rebellion informed by the spaces in which it took place. I employ a multidisciplinary framework that analyzes archaeological data and documentary evidence. I also draw on theories from studies of resistance and power in slavery, landscape and eventful archaeology, and spatiality to reconstruct the changing landscapes of the German Coast and assess how the physical plantation settings reflected the conditions and consequences of the rebellion. In addition, I examine how natural features like swamps and woodlands were strategically leveraged in acts of resistance. Findings reveal that the 1811 uprising was not an isolated incident but part of a long history of resistance. Furthermore, I argue that the landscape played a role in facilitating these acts of resistance. Additionally, I assert that enslaved women’s cabins were instrumental in the planning and execution of the uprising. This study adds to the literature on resistance and power by offering a framework to analyze the material and social dynamics of enslaved rebellion. It also contributes to broader historical narratives of slavery in the United States by highlighting the multiple ways enslaved people resisted bondage"
Preserving the Historic and Cultural Music of Louisiana Through School Music: An Ethnographic Case Study
Authors:   , Song Christopher
Published: May 2024

"The purpose of this ethnographic case study was to examine the lives of teachers, students, community members, and culture bearers within a musical community located in South Central Louisiana. The geographic area of focus in this research was Vermilion Parish and its surrounding area, known as Acadiana, the heart of Creole and Cajun culture where Traditional Louisiana Music finds its origins. Participants’ intrinsic cultural understandings of Louisiana’s music and impact on school music programs was examined through ethnographic interview and observation. A resource pedagogy known as funds of knowledge was used as a theoretical framework meant to maintain participants’ intrinsic cultural understandings, behavior, language, and customs throughout data collection, analysis, and presentation of findings. The findings from this study describe the perceptions and experiences of members involved in the Lâche Pas program, an after school cultural education program that immerses students of the community in the art, music, and history surrounding Creole and Cajun culture. An intangible cultural heritage was recognized where cultural knowledge is transmitted from generation to generation and recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment. Customs were seen as fluid, dynamic and dependent on the motivations and contexts of each generation. Educators, administrators, community musicians, and students were uniquely motivated to take part in preserving their endangered culture. "
A Qualitative Look Inside the Post-Pandemic Lives of Black Mothers
Authors:   , Hickerson Hope
Published: May 2024

"Black women have historically experienced racism, sexism, and higher rates of detrimental health conditions. Black mothers have to contend with all of those issues plus the added responsibility of parenthood. This research examines the experiences of Black mothers after the COVID-19 pandemic and sheds light on the roles that social media played in those experiences. The Socio-ecological Model and Transactional Media Effects Theory are the guiding theoretical frameworks to look at the factors that influence life at all levels and to understand the influence of social media on those experiences. This study found that personal issues, relationships, community environment, and societal troubles have all affected Black mothers and their health since the pandemic ended. During that time, Black mothers interacted with social media as a form of escape, in a highly tailored way to avoid negativity, or not at all. In addition, social media was found to have conflicting influences on Black mothers and their children while internal and external pressures had a significant impact on the mental well-being of the participants."
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN YOUNGER SCHOOL STUDENTS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LESSONS
Authors: Mukoviz Oleksii , Krasyuk Lyudmila
Published: May 2024

The article presents a theoretical foundation of ways of forming communicative competence in junior high school students in Сomputer Science classes. The content of the concept of “communicative competence of primary school students” is determined, which implies the formation of a number of elements in schoolchildren, including social-perceptive, communicative-speech and interactive. In the process of analyzing scientific sources on the research problem, it was found that certain pedagogical conditions were defined for the implementation of the process of forming the communicative competence of junior high school students: 1) ensuring the phasing of training for the formation of communicative competence, 2) systematic implementation of active methods and the latest training technologies; 3) motivational provision of students’ communicative interaction; 4) definition and application of a holistic method of formation of communicative competence.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF EMOTIONALITY IN THE PROCESS OF LANGUAGE TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION: THE VIEWPOINT OF HIGHER EDUCATION ACQUIRES
Authors: Druzhenenko Raisa
Published: May 2024

The article raises the problem of implementing the principle of emotionality in the process of language training of future specialists in the conditions of distance learning. According to the author’s observations, in the educational scientific field, the principle of emotionality is the subject of research by many scientists. The purpose of the proposed study is to analyze the results of a questionnaire of higher education graduates of various educational fields regarding the problem of implementing the principle of emotionality in the process of language training of future specialists in the distance learning format. The researcher believes that language classes are a fertile ground for the implementation of the principle of emotionality and the formation of the emotional sphere of learners, since language performs an emotional function in the process of any type of activity ‒ learning, education, development, communication, etc., and is a tool for creating positive (or negative) influence on the personality, and therefore the basis of the formation of positive emotional thinking and speech (communication). In order to achieve the goal of the study, we developed a questionnaire and conducted a survey of higher education graduates. Among the respondents are students of “Publishing and editing”, “Journalism”, “International journalism”, “TV host”, “Law”, “Ukrainian language and literature” specialties. Students were asked to answer the following questions: 1. Does the emotional background of the class have an impact on learning and the desire to get an education? 2. Are distance learning sufficiently emotional? 3. In which learning format do you get more positive emotions ‒ offline or online? 4. Name the emotions that specific activities evoke in you. 5. What is the cause of negative emotion? 6. What emotions lead to motivational activities in class? 7. What, in your opinion (forms, techniques, means of teaching), could enliven classes in the Ukrainian language in a distance format? The results of the survey showed that there is a certain discrepancy between the expectations of students regarding the implementation of the principle of emotionality in distance learning classes and the actual state of the situation. The student needs dynamic educational content that increases positive emotions in class and serves as a motivator for educational activities. A positive emotion is provided to the student not so much by the role of a traditional passive subject who is given the necessary knowledge system, but by the role of an active analyst, researcher, coach, moderator, innovator, inventor, representative. Providing a positive emotional background in the conditions of distance learning is the basis for the formation of positive thinking and positive communication, and as a result, a high level of education.
STUDYING IN THE SHADOW OF WAR: THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR ON THE LEARNING HABITS OF STUDENTS IN TRANSCARPATHIA
Authors: Fábián Márta , Huszti Ilona , Lechner Ilona
Published: May 2024

The research aims to investigate the imprint of the first year of the war on the learning habits, motivation and mental condition of our students, to get an insight into the way they felt, studied and coped with the hardship. The responses to the questionnaire completed by 194 students show that most respondents suffered from the impact of the war: felt changes in physical and mental condition, could not concentrate, felt annoyed, demotivated and stressed. The daily stress motivated some students to study even harder; learning helped them to distract attention from the difficulties.
Development of Character Education in the PAUD Curriculum through Getting Used to Simplified Kromo Javanese at the SELASIH Banyuwangi Kindergarten
Authors: Kristini Kirstini
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the character cultivation program for early childhood through familiarization with simple Javanese Kromo language for early childhood at Selasih Kindergarten, Grajagan Village, District. Purwoharjo, Banyuwangi Regency. In practice, this habituation program is carried out on a scheduled or incidental basis every day. In this research, the method used is a qualitative method through general steps, namely problem identification, planning, implementation, reporting and follow-up. Overall, the results of this research show that the simple Javanese Kromo language familiarization program at the SELASIH Purwoharjo Banyuwangi Kindergarten can form students' attitudes of character and love of the homeland through the introduction and habituation of local culture, one of which is simple Javanese language culture for PAUD children. The character that is formed is language, polite attitudes and behavior towards friends, teachers and parents as well as love for one's culture. In its implementation, support from teachers, teaching programs, and parents is the key to success in implementing this habituation activity program. Because PAUD children are great imitators, PAUD teachers must be models who are able to teach character values regarding language and polite and polite behavior in daily learning activities.
Qualitative and Quantitative Study on Students’ Critical Thinking of Conceptual E-Scaffolding in Blended Learning Context
Authors: Agusti Mardikaningsih , Praharisti Kurniasari , Praharisti Kurniasari , Anangga Pradipta
Published: May 2024

Critical thinking skills are one of the rational thinking skills that students really need in solving problems or conveying ideas. In fact, students' critical thinking abilities are still relatively low. A feasible alternative for developing students' critical thinking skills is by implementing electronic-based scaffolding.
This research uses mixed methods with an explanatory research design. The experimental group received conceptual treatment of e-scaffolding blended learning with the Problem-Based Learning model and the control group received no additional treatment. experimental group and control group, the research subjects were first semester students of IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. Because there were two research groups, 46 students were included in the control group. The instruments used in this research were pre-test and post-test. The pre-test consists of 18 multiple choice items with a reliability coefficient of 0.735 and the critical thinking post-test consists of 14 essay questions with a reliability coefficient of 0.762. In addition, semi-structured and think aloud interview guidelines were also used. Quantitative data was obtained from the distribution of pre-test and post-test questions. Meanwhile, qualitative data was obtained from semi-structured interviews and think aloud. Quantitative data was then analyzed using parametric ANACOVA analysis while qualitative data was analyzed using a path analysis model.
The results of the research show 1) the critical thinking abilities of students who learn with conceptual e-scaffolding in blended learning in Problem-Based Learning are higher than students who learn with conventional methods, 2) the application of conceptual e-scaffolding in Problem-Based Learning. The link map form in the Problem Based Learning model has a positive effect on students' critical thinking abilities. This is reflected in the behavior and way of thinking of experimental group students which shows the development of critical thinking skills during the learning process. Apart from that, conceptual e-scaffolding in the form of a link map helps students obtain information easily and use it in understanding concepts in geometric optics material
Improving Bounce Pass Skills in Basketball Games Using the Problem Based Learning Method
Authors: Madyana Hari Dini Marta , Luthfia Wulandari , Fahmi Erwinsyah Riski , Andik Cahyono , Hari Pamungkas
Published: May 2024

This research uses a problem-based learning approach with a learning sequence of observation, evaluation, and progress monitoring to measure the improvement of individual bounce pass skills. During the learning process, learners are invited to identify problems or difficulties they face in performing the bounce pass. Collaborate in finding solutions to overcome these problems. Conduct learning and simulation of game situations that allow the application of the "bounce pass" technique with the help and direction of the teacher. The method in this study uses a classroom action research (PTK) approach of observation, evaluation, and progress monitoring to measure the improvement of individual bounce pass skills. The results of this study contribute to the development of effective learning methods in improving technical skills in sports, especially in the context of basketball games, with the skill completeness value increasing from pre 61.5% to 73.1% and increasing 100%. The PBL method has an effect on the development of effective learning methods in improving technical skills in sports, especially in the context of basketball games
A teacher's role in developing early social intelligence at daycare
Authors: Lailatul Azizah , Hilmaliana Hilmaliana , Nur Mafaiz Ilma , Khotimah Husnul , Pertiwi Eky Prasetya
Published: May 2024

This research is aimed at learning the role of teachers in promoting social intelligence for younger age children. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative. The research is done in kindergarten in the great wrwanman village, the jombang district, jember. Based on the research that has been done that the development of emotional social aspects in preteen age should be considered. The importance of developing emotional social relationships for a child at a young age helps him to understand the environment, the importance of emotional social aspects for a child because he or she is able to socialize. At an early age, children can be taught to build social relationships. Through introduction, children begin to interact and share. Teachers are one of the critical components of the education and teaching learning process. There are three roles of teachers in the process of developing emotional social parenting at rahman's kindergarten. Among other things: a teacher's role as a model in a teacher's learning activity provides a good example for children to appreciate each other, to speak politely (saying please, thank you and sorry). The teacher's role as inspiration in teacher learning is discovering new ideas related to the learning process, inspiring teaching is developing a more creative mind pattern of the child and leaving the child dependent not in class, but becoming a lifelong learning. The teacher's role as a motivator, in developing a child's emotional social through activity