bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW APPROACHES TO CROSSLINKING IN COMBINATION WITH REFRACTIVE KERATOMODELING IN CORNEAL ECTASIA
Authors: Kornilovskiy I. M.
Published: November 2024

Objective: To consider new approaches to crosslinking in combination with refractive keratomodeling in corneal ectasia of various etiologies.

Methods: The work is based on clinical observations of the immediate and remote results of prophylactic and therapeutic corneal crosslinking with argon-fluorine excimer laser radiation (over 700 operations) over periods from 1 month to 13 years. Particular emphasis was placed on the formation of a Bowman-like membrane structure on the ablation surface and local exposure with a personalized gradient refractive profile of the total dose of radiation to achieve a greater keratomodeling effect. Rapid transition without additional calibrations to energy densities below the ablation threshold was carried out on the Russian excimer laser “Microscan Visum-500”.

Results: Experimental and clinical studies have shown that excimer laser radiation on argon-fluorine can be used for corneal crosslinking, with energy densities in the pulse being below the ablation threshold. The advantage of excimer laser crosslinking was scanning with a narrow beam, which disrupts the oxygenation of the corneal stroma to a lesser extent and allows for the implementation of personalized local refractive keratomodeling based on keratotopography or aberrometry data. In this case, the induced secondary radiation covers all four peaks of maximum absorption by riboflavin. The use of subablative energy densities during irradiation of the cornea in the personalized PRK mode made it possible to locally affect the ectasia zone and enhance the refractive effect due to the gradient distribution of the total radiation dose.

Conclusion: Radiation from an argon-fluorine excimer laser opens up new possibilities for refractive ablative and non-ablative refractive keratomodeling of the cornea in combination with laser-induced crosslinking in keratoconus and secondary keratoectasias of various etiologies.
Case Report: Delayed Cerebral Ischemia with Infarction following an Undiagnosed Aneurysmal Rupture - The Diagnostic and Management Challenge
Authors:   College of Medicine, California Northstate University, USA, K Gulia , D Doustmohammadi ,   College of Medicine, California Northstate University, USA, S Ezzati ,   College of Medicine, California Northstate University, USA, J Chang ,   Department of Neurology, Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento Medical Center, USA, C Yang ,   College of Medicine, California Northstate University, USA, F Lui ,   College of Medicine, California Northstate University, USA
Published: November 2024

Delayed Cerebral Ischemia (DCI) typically occurs a few days after a patient suffers subarachnoid hemorrhage and can lead to a range of poor outcomes. It is primarily driven by vasospasm and its delayed and variable presentation complicates diagnosis and treatment. Here we report a case of DCI in a 31-yearold man who presented with acute onset aphasia, right-sided weakness, and difficulty swallowing. He had experienced a severe headache accompanied by nausea and vomiting 5 days prior, with an initial NIH stroke scale score of 10. Imaging revealed a left internal carotid artery aneurysm and a watershed infarct between the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery. The patient was treated with aneurysmal coiling, intraarterial verapamil, and oral nimodipine for suspected DCI secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Close monitoring of the patient and treatment led to the resolution of neurological deficits over the subsequent days., with imaging confirming reperfusion. This case presents a unique challenge due to the delayed presentation and vague history. Diagnosis and treatment of DCI following aneurysmal rupture are complicated due to its delayed and variable onset. It is crucial to consider acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and DCI when evaluating patients who present with multiple stroke-like symptoms over several days as the management and prognosis differ from other cases of acute ischemic stroke.
Brønsted-Acid Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroisindolinones from Enamides
Authors: Halaczkiewicz Miro , Maraj Arianit , Riedel Mareike , Donner Leon , Kelm Harald , Manolikakes Georg
Published: November 2024

A highly stereoselective Brønsted-acid catalyzed synthesis of densely substituted spiroisindolinones from enamides and 3-hydroxy-isoindolinones is described. With simple Brønsted-acids, such as para-toluene sulfonic acid, spiroisindolinones with three contiguous stereogenic centers are formed in high yields (up to 97%) and diastereoselectivities (up to >98:<2:0:0 dr) under mild reaction conditions. With the use of a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst, a diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of the corresponding spiroisindolinones was achieved. Mechanistic investigations indicate a step-wise mechanism via an initial addition of the enamide to an electrophilic N-acylimine species followed by an intramolecular aza-Friedel- Crafts reaction. Addition of a strong Lewis acid can be used facilitate the second step for less reactive substrates.
Adaptive Representation of Molecules and Materials in Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Rajabi Kochi Mahyar , Mahboubi Negareh , Partap Singh Gill Aseem , Moosavi Seyed Mohamad
Published: November 2024

Bayesian optimization (BO) is increasingly used in molecular optimization and in guiding self-driving laboratories for automated materials discovery. A crucial aspect of BO is how molecules and materials are represented as feature vectors, where both the completeness and compactness of these representations can influence the efficiency of the optimization process. Traditionally, a fixed representation is chosen by expert chemists or applying data-driven feature selection methods on available labelled datasets. However, when dealing with novel optimization tasks, prior knowledge or large datasets are often unavailable, and relying on these even can introduce bias into the search process. In this work, we demonstrate a Feature Adaptive Bayesian Optimization (FABO) framework, which integrates feature selection in the Bayesian optimization process to dynamically adapt material representations throughout the optimization cycles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this adaptive approach across several molecular optimization tasks, including the discovery of high-performing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in three distinct tasks, each involving unique property distributions and requiring a distinct representation. Our results show that the adaptive nature of the representation leads to outperforming random search baseline and scenarios where prior knowledge of the feature space is available. Notably, for known optimization tasks, FABO automatically identifies representations that are aligned with human chemical intuition, validating its utility for optimization tasks where such insights are not available in advance. Lastly, we show how a biased representation can adversely impact BO performance, highlighting the importance of adaptive representation to different tasks. Our findings highlight FABO as a robust approach for navigating large, complex materials search spaces in automated discovery campaigns.
A consistent set of thermophysical properties of methane curated with machine learning
Authors: Maximo-Canadas Matheus , Souza Rubens Caio , Duarte Julio Cesar , Nichele Jakler , Santos de Brito Alves Leonardo , Vieira Pereira Luis Octavio , Gaigher Franco Ligia , Borges Jr Itamar
Published: November 2024

Accurately predicting thermophysical properties across different states of matter is essential for industrial and scientific applications. However, experimental data often suffer from variability and noise, among other problems, thus necessitating robust modeling approaches to create consistent sets. In this work, we employ machine learning (ML) models to predict multiple thermophysical properties of methane in liquid, vapor, and supercritical phases, including isobaric and isochoric heat capacities, density, volume, Joule-Thomson coefficients, enthalpies, sound speed, and viscosities. We explored different ML algorithms including Adaptive Boosting, Bagging, Decision Trees, Extra Trees, Gradient Boosting, Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Regression Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Nu-Support Vector Regression, Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Artificial Neural Networks across regions of the phase diagram. Combining ML techniques with previously available raw experimental data shows that ML models provide predictions closer to the statistically treated National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) data when compared to the original experimental datasets. Therefore, our approach shows the ML’s potential to identify and generalize complex patterns, smooth inherent data noise, and manage variability. The results indicate that ML models, particularly the Extra Trees and Gradient Boosting models, are a scalable alternative for thermophysical property predictions, offering consistency and efficiency over traditional methods in data processing and curation.
Biophysical System for the Detection and Quantification of Changes in Oligomeric States of STING at Attomolar Concentrations of Clonixeril
Authors: Lawless William , Eschenfelder Mark , Sparks Robert , Lawless Sarah , Krzypkowski Stephanie , Daniel Kenyon , Guida Wayne
Published: November 2024

Few protocols exist today that demonstrate repeatable resolution of small molecule interactions with target proteins at extremely low analyte levels, particularly at sub-femtomolar levels. We have developed two approaches for rapid screening and biophysical analysis which leverage changes in protein oligomer states to study highly potent small molecules. The first protocol employs microscale thermophoresis (MST) to measure competitive disruption of oligomerization following exposure of the target protein to its endogenous ligand. The second protocol engages dynamic light scattering (DLS) to measure the changes in physical size of oligomers after exposure to the endogenous ligand and/or analyte. STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is a protein that relies on oligomerization after ligand binding for intracellular signal transduction. Here we demonstrate the utilization of these methods through measurements of wild type STING oligomerization following exposure to 2’,3’-cGAMP and the compound clonixeril along with several analogs. Using these techniques, one can now measure small molecule inhibitor concentrations in the attomolar range when the target protein undergoes oligomerization as part of its natural biological activity.
Azide- and Transition-Metal-Free Access to Sulfonyl Amidines via C(sp2)-N Coupling of Trifluoroborate-Iminiums with N-Fluorobenzenesulfonimide
Authors: Knez Damijan , Sterman Andrej , Sosic Izidor , Perdih Franc , Nuñez Gonzalo Darío , Knaflic Tilen , Arcon Denis , Besora Maria , Carbó Jorge Juan , Fernández Elena , Casar Zdenko
Published: November 2024

Amidines are an important class of organic compounds with widespread application as superbases, nucleophilic cata-lysts, and building blocks of heterocyclic compounds in organic synthesis. Moreover, they represent an important struc-tural motif in medicinal chemistry. This work describes an application of primary trifluoroborate‐iminiums in unprece-dented azide- and transition-metal-free transformation to N-sulfonyl amidines in the presence of N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide. This novel C(sp2)-N bond-forming reaction proceeds without excess of any reagent under mild conditions and provides good to high yields of N-sulfonyl amidines by a simple isolation procedure. Density functional theory mechanistic studies into this novel transformation support that the use of a base is required to activate either the trifluoroborate-iminium or the NFSI and promote the C(sp2)-N bond formation via nucleophilic attack of the nitrogen. The utility of the developed methodology is showcased with the synthesis of two bioactive compounds.
Total Synthesis of (–)-Cordycicadin D and 3,4-trans-Cordycicadins A and B: Entry to the 3,4-trans-Fused Cordycicadin Framework
Authors: Hunt Liam , Grant Phillip , Shimokura Grace , Furkert Daniel , Brimble Margaret
Published: November 2024

Cordycicadins A–D are four C20 polyketides, all containing a gamma-lactone fused to a 10-membered lactone. The proposed biosynthetic pathway for the cordycicadins anticipates the formation of two more natural products which are unknown. We report the total synthesis of (–)-cordycicadin D and the two anticipated natural products 3,4-trans-cordycicadins A and B. The targets were convergently assembled, in a biomimetic fashion, via an efficient ketene trapping-intramolecular Michael addition sequence that delivered the requisite 3,4-trans-fused framework with high diastereoselectivity, enabled by the synthesis of complex dioxenones that serve as in situ ketene precursors. Recognition of the embedded polyketide symmetry enabled the use of a divergent-convergent synthetic stratergy, based on the use of two products from an early-stage enzymatic resolution. The synthetic routes afforded (–)-cordycicadin D in 14 steps and 3,4-trans-cordycicadins A and B in 13 steps (longest linear sequence). This work confirms the structure of (–)-cordycicadin D, and notes that observed instability of the anticipated natural product 3,4-trans-cordycicadin B during purification may explain why it is yet to be isolated.
Vývoj prístrojového vybavenia lietadiel všeobecného letectva
Authors:   University of Žilina, Uhríková Peregrína , Kandera Branislav
Published: November 2024

The bachelor's thesis is devoted to the development of general aviation aircraft instrumentation. It contains a detailed description of the principle of operation of individual elements of the analog instrument panel. The separate text is supplemented with pictorial material, where the structural part of the instrument elements is drawn in detail, thanks to which the reader can better understand the principle of work of the mentioned aircraft instruments. The next part of the work specifies the transition to digital instrument panels and it lists the advantages and disadvantages of the modern cockpit, as well as the reasons why general aircraft designers switch to the new instrument panel concept, the so-called glass cockpit. The elements of the digital instrument panel are characterized in the next part of the thesis, which describes individual types of display units – CRT, LCD and LED. It also deals with the individual elements that are found in digital instrument panels and also describes in more detail the MEMS technology that is the basis for the function of the modern cockpit concept. The bachelor´s thesis also deals with the historical development of the layout of the instrument panel and familiarizes the reader with the difference in visualization of information on individual instrument panels. This part of the work is supplemented with visual material, through which it is possible to become better acquainted with the display of data on the traditional and modern type of cockpit. The aim of the work is to create study material for students of the field focused on air transport and an interactive presentation for familiarization with the basic control of the Dynon SkyView digital instrument panel. The thesis also contains the methodology and methodology of the work, which defines what research methods were used in the thesis.
Technické prevedenie spätoväzobného systému riadenia v leteckom simulátore
Authors:   University of Žilina, Zimmermann Samuel , Škultéty Filip
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to analyse the current issue of force feedback control systems in flight simulation training devices. The first part describes the current legislative classifications of training devices and the possibilities of accepting training credits for their use in flight training. The next section deals with the description of current solutions and their advantages and disadvantages. The final part presents a proposal for the implementation of the solution in a platform formed from the cockpit of a Zlín Z-142 aircraft. It includes visualisations of the individual parts of the elevator and ailerons force feedback system created in Autodesk Inventor.
Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease, Japan, 2013 to 2023
Authors: Kobayashi Miho , Kamiya Hajime , Fukusumi Munehisa , Takahashi Hideyuki , Akeda Yukihiro , Suzuki Motoi , Sunagawa Tomimasa
Published: November 2024

Background

The National Surveillance for Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) initiative started in Japan in April 2013. Multiple international mass gathering events have since been held in Japan, and the COVID-19 pandemic has occurred.

Aim

We summarised 10 years of national surveillance data for IMD in Japan to describe epidemiological characteristics of IMD and evaluate the influence of mass gatherings and the COVID-19 pandemic on IMD.

Methods

Upon diagnosis of IMD, patient information and specimens were collected and reported to local health centres. We analysed the epidemiology of IMD cases reported between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2023.

Results

Among 274 cases reported (median age: 55 years; 55% male), no outbreaks related to mass gathering events were identified. The annual reported incidence of IMD was 0.001–0.039 cases per 100,000 individuals between 2014 and 2022, with a notable decrease after 2020. The overall case fatality rate was 12% (33/274). The most frequent serogroups were Y and B (46 and 17%). Multilocus sequence typing revealed a predominance of clonal complex (cc) 23, followed by cc2057, while cc11 was detected in eight cases.

Conclusion

The reported incidence of IMD in Japan is low compared with high-endemic countries and decreased further during the COVID-19 pandemic. This unique epidemiology of IMD in Japan lacks a clear explanation. However, distribution of meningococcal strains, such as predominance of serogroup Y, could be a contributing factor. Maintaining high-quality surveillance, including of serogroups and sequence types, is crucial to manage and prevent future IMD cases in Japan effectively.
Antibiotic consumption patterns in older adults: a comparative study of people 65 years and older in and outside nursing homes, Belgium, 2016 to 2022
Authors: Kelly Moira , de Falleur Marc , Allaoui El Maati , Bonacini Laura , Catry Boudewijn , Latour Katrien , Catteau Lucy
Published: November 2024

Background

Inappropriate antimicrobial consumption (AMC) drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Institutionalised, older populations are associated with antimicrobial treatments of longer duration and broader spectrum than recommended, higher rates of multidrug-resistant infections and poorer outcomes for resistant infections. Yet systematic, national monitoring of AMC in nursing home (NH) residents is lacking.

Aim

To perform a retrospective analysis of antibiotic consumption in Belgian NHs, we compared analogous populations inside and outside NHs. We aimed to provide a blueprint for establishing surveillance of NH AMC, based on national reimbursement data.

Methods

The National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance supplied reimbursement AMC data for outpatients from 2016 to 2022. Data were classified by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical system, expressed as defined daily doses (DDD) and aggregated by prescription month, patient age, sex and residency inside/outside a NH. The number of ensured beneficiaries, aggregated by the same demographic variables, was collected from the Intermutualistic Agency. We compared the DDDs per 1,000 beneficiaries per day, along with secondary metrics for national and international targets for analogous populations inside and outside NHs.

Results

Total antibiotic consumption decreased in both populations but remained twofold higher in NH residents. Proxy prescription quality metrics were consistently less favourable within NHs and diverged further during the COVID-19 pandemic. Distinct consumption patterns and greater seasonal fluctuations were observed in NH residents.

Conclusion

Given the different infection risks and higher antibiotic consumption of NH residents, AMC surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship efforts targeting this fragile population are needed.
Multinational investigation of a Salmonella Umbilo outbreak reveals rocket salad and baby spinach as the likely infection vehicles, Europe, 2024
Authors: Rosner Bettina M , Simon Sandra , Nielsen Stine , Köberl-Jelovcan Sandra , Gymoese Pernille , Werber Dirk , Meinen Anika , Pietsch Michael , Flieger Antje , Fischer Jennie , Lamparter Marina C , Küffel Felix , Költringer Fiona , Kornschober Christian , Müller Luise , Falkenhorst Gerhard , Maritschnik Sabine
Published: November 2024

A food-borne outbreak with about 200 Salmonella Umbilo cases occurred mainly between July and September 2024 in several European countries. Collaborative work between outbreak teams in Germany, Austria and Denmark, including epidemiological and microbiological investigations, allowed to rapidly identify rocket salad as the likely infection vehicle. Salmonella Umbilo was detected in rocket salad, and later in baby spinach. The food isolates and clinical outbreak strain were genetically closely related. Both food items originated from the same company in Italy.
Modification of the existing maximum residue levels for propamocarb in radishes (roots and small leaves)
Authors:   EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), Bellisai Giulia , Bernasconi Giovanni , Carrasco Cabrera Luis , Castellan Irene , del Aguila Monica , Ferreira Lucien , Greco Luna , Jarrah Samira , Leuschner Renata , Mioč Andrea , Nave Stefanie , Reich Hermine , Ruocco Silvia , Scarlato Alessia Pia , Szot Marta , Theobald Anne , Tiramani Manuela , Verani Alessia , Zioga Elena
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the Federal Public Service (FPS) Health, Food chain Safety and Environment submitted a request to the competent national authority in Belgium (evaluating Member State, EMS) to modify the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the active substance propamocarb in radishes for the residues occurring in radish roots and in small radish leaves (proposed to be classified under the subgroup of Roman rocket/rucola). The data submitted in support of the request were found to be sufficient to derive MRL proposals for radishes and small radish leaves. Adequate analytical methods for enforcement are available to control the residues of propamocarb on the commodities under consideration at the validated limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.01 mg/kg. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the short‐term and long‐term intake of residues resulting from the use of propamocarb according to the reported agricultural practice is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health. The chronic consumer risk assessment shall be regarded as indicative since affected by uncertainty related to the data gaps identified in the MRL review.
राजस्थान जल संचयन की ज्ञान परंपरा:कल आज और कल
Authors: Singh Avantika , Thakran Annu
Published: November 2024

“जल संरक्षण का सदा, मानव करो प्रयास वर्ना कभी भविष्य में नहीं बुझेगी प्यास”। जल हमारे दैनिक जीवन की आवश्यकताओं में प्राथमिक स्थान पर है जिसके बिना जीवन की कल्पना सम्भव नहीं है। स्थानीय लोगों ने समय अनुसार परिस्थितिक तंत्र के साथ सामजस्य करते हुए भौगोलिक-प्रकृति के अनुसार जल संचयन के तरीके विकसित किये, जो अपने में स्थानीय वैज्ञानिक ज्ञान का उत्कृष्ट उदाहरण हैं। ऐसा ही एक उदाहरण हैं, भारत का राजस्थान राज्य जो शुष्क, अर्धशुष्क क्षेत्र रहा है लेकिन थार मरूस्थल होने के बावजूद भी यहां के लोगों ने जल की हर एक बूंद का बहुत ही व्यवस्थित उपयोग करने वाली व्यवस्था विकसित की है। समकालीन समय में जल संकट को देखते हुए आज फिर स्थानीय लोग इन ज्ञान परंपरा को पुनर्स्थापना और पुनर्जीवित करते हुए आधुनिक तकनीक का भी प्रयोग कर रहे हैं। लेकिन इसमें भी इनका ज्ञान अनुभव स्तंभ बना हुआ है। इस शोध पत्र में हम ज्ञान की राजनीति के दो संदर्भों को लेकर अध्ययन करेंगे जिसमें प्रथम राजस्थान जल संचय व्यवस्था का ऐतिहासिक सफ़र शामिल हैं और दूसरा कैसे समकालीन समय में समुदायक लोगों ने एक साथ कारवाई करके इन व्यवस्था पर न केवल पुनः कार्य किया है बल्कि भविष्य में भी जल संचय व जल संकट की समस्या समाधान के लिए कला व संस्कृति के संप्रेषण माध्यम द्वारा जागरूकता फैलाई हैं, यह भी अध्ययन व विश्लेषण करेंगे। स्थानीय समुदायों में पारंपरिक ज्ञान और इस ज्ञान के माध्यम से प्राकृतिक संसाधन का बख़ूबी प्रबंधन किया है इसका एक उदाहरण राजस्थान राज्य है।
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF ORGANIZATIONAL SAFETY CULTURE, EMPLOYEES' SAFETY BEHAVIOR AND PRODUCTIVITY- A CASE STUDY OF ONGC, MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Kudkilwar Moreshwar , Kulkarni Nirzar
Published: November 2024

This research seeks to establish a correlation between the safety culture of ONGC in Maharashtra and their employees’ safety attitude as well as their productivity profile. Conducting this study as a correlational research, quantitative research data was collected from a sample of the ONGC human resource through structured questionnaires. This study confirmed the hypothesis that the corporate safety culture that is strong and developed has an impact on employees’ safety behaviours’ improvement. Moreover, I found that enhanced safety behaviours have a direct impact on productivity in relation to the employees. This research helps to enhance the best practices of safety culture to improve organisational safety and efficiency in the integrated oil and gas industries more effectively. The conclusions made from the research have several managerial implications with regard to the improvement of safety measures, and the general performance of the organisation. Suggestions for the future works include examining other factors which can influence the safety culture and productivity relationship in similar industrial organisations.
Optimization of the quality of nursing care for patients with acute brain disorders in the intensive care unit
Authors: Zorina E.V. , Nefedova S.L. , Fatyanova O.P. , Severina M.B. , Zorin M.V.
Published: November 2024

The article reflects the main elements of the nurse’s activity in caring for patients with brain damage, identifies the main problems in these patients and medical manipulations that improve their quality of life. In order to optimize the quality of patient care, it is necessary to use modern nursing technology — a nursing process that allows identifying the patient’s priority problems and creating the «best conditions» for activating his own forces.
The influence of echinacea preparations on the state of cellular and humoral immunity from the point of view of evidence-based medicine
Authors: Strukov V.I. , Sergeeva-Kondrachenko M.Y. , Vinogradova O.P. , Denisova A.G. , Moiseeva I.Y. , Poluboyarinov P.A. , Panina E.S. , Petrova E.V. , Fedorov A.V. , Burmistrova S.S. , Elistratov D.G.
Published: November 2024

The main factors of the occurrence of immunodeficiency states in different age groups are considered. Particular attention is paid to the problem of reduced immunity in childhood and adolescence. The prospects for the use of plant-derived immunomodulators based on Echinacea purpurea in the maintenance of cellular and humoral immunity are assessed. The results of a clinical study of the domestic immunocorrector «Echinacea P», produced using the innovative technology of cryogenic grinding, are presented.
Regulations for the organization of the work of the head of the nursing service for the registration and storage of precursors of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in dental practice
Authors: Vasilyeva L.Y. , Ostrovskaya I.V.
Published: November 2024

The article describes the experience of organizing the work of the head of the nursing service on accounting and storage of precursors of narcotic and psychotropic substances. The analysis of the regulatory framework relating to precursors of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in dental practice allowed us to develop draft documents: «Regulations for the organization of the work of the head of the nursing service for the registration and storage of precursors of narcotic and psychotropic substances» and « Algorithm of operation logging», in which the number of precursors changes narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
Kanban system in ensuring the process of supplying medicines, medical devices and other materials in medical organizations
Authors: Salo S.A.
Published: November 2024

The practical experience of using the kanban information system that regulates the processes of supplying medicines, medical products, etc. to the staff of the perinatal center of a large regional hospital is given. The implementation of the system, carried out within the framework of the pilot project «Lean Polyclinic in an outpatient and polyclinic institution providing medical and sanitary care to the population», made it possible to reduce the level of stocks of materials in the process, increase the responsibility and involvement of employees, and eliminate. supply overloads and failures.
Septic shock in the practice of a nurse
Authors: Skvortsov V.V. , Morozov A.V.
Published: November 2024

This article represents the data on ethiology and pathogenesis of infectious-toxic shock; discusses symptoms of this clinical syndrome; studies classifications, diagnostic standards at inspection of patients with infectious-toxic shock; acquaints with principles of complex treatment of this pathology.
Strengthening and prevention of women’s health: modern approaches to solving demographic problems in the union state
Authors: Matveychik T.V. , Grigoryev K.I. , Grigoryev А.I.
Published: November 2024

The main activities of the union state in the field of demography are strengthening the family, protecting women›s health, stimulating the birth rate, shaping and educating the sexual and reproductive behavior of adolescents, which will be carried out by the family, school, and education system. The stimulus that contributes to solving problems is the results achieved in the field of preventive activities of nurses and midwives, carried out in parallel in Russia and Belarus. This is an important part of the activities of health care systems and social services in the field of preventive medicine of a socially oriented union state.
Study of differences in sleep disorders in junior and senior students of the Medical Institute
Authors: Zhanybaeva S.M. , Ostrovskaya I.V.
Published: November 2024

The article describes the results of the analysis of sleep disorders features in junior and senior students, which was conducted on the basis of PFUR Medical Institute. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to study sleep disorders. During the study, the features of sleep disorders were assessed according to the following components of the questionnaire: subjective assessment of sleep quality; sleep latency (the time required to fall asleep); sleep duration; percentage of time spent in bed when a person sleeps; the presence of various sleep disturbances; the taking of sleeping medicine; daytime dysfunction (violation of daytime functioning due to poor sleep quality). According to the results of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed: junior and senior students have different features of sleep disorders. Senior students are more likely to disrupt daytime functioning due to insufficient sleep duration and other sleep disorders. Junior students are tend to use sleeping medicine more often due to sleep disorders.
INfluence of annual flu vaccination on the incidence level of medical college students
Authors: Logunova V.V. , Svyatnaya A.A.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the organization of annual influenza vaccination of students of St. Petersburg Medical College No. 2, practical studies to assess the effectiveness of methods of specific and nonspecific prevention of influenza are given. All over the world, and this is reflected in the documents of the World Health Organization (WHO), the main measure to combat influenza epidemics is recognized as annual vaccination. The purpose of vaccination as a mass measure is to reduce the incidence of disease, especially severe forms of influenza. Modern vaccines, provided that vaccine and circulating strains match, provide an average 70–90% reduction in the incidence of influenza among people, 70‒85% reduction in the risk of serious complications, 56% reduction in the incidence of other acute respiratory viral infections, 48% reduction in the number of hospitalizations associated with complications of influenza. The peculiarity of influenza is that a person who has had this infection is not protected from it in the future; susceptibility to re-infection due to the variability of the influenza virus in people occurs in a short time. In order to provide effective immunity against a new strain of the virus, vaccine formulations must be constantly modified. WHO and the Federal Service for Health Surveillance (Roszdravnadzor) make great efforts to achieve the best possible antigenic match between predicted epidemic virus strains and vaccine strains for any given year
Prevention of surgical site infections
Authors: Oprya A.V.
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the causes of the infectious process, risk factors that determine the development of surgical infection, as well as nursing measures aimed at ensuring the infectious safety of the patient in the operating unit, which can significantly reduce the risks of surgical site infection (SSI), which accelerates patient recovery, healing of the surgical wound and reduces the patient’s stay in the hospital
Оpen intensive care unit
Authors: Semchishina Т.M.
Published: November 2024

After the adoption of the new Federal Law «On the Fundamentals of Public Health Protection» No. 323-FZ in 2011, the presence of relatives in intensive care units became allowed. We will find out all the pros and cons of joint stay in intensive care units and how the management of medical institutions actually fulfill this legislation.
Normas y proposiciones una exploración hacia los límites del lenguaje normativo.
Authors:   , Agüero San Juan Sebastián
Published: November 2024

El objeto de estudio son los enunciados que expresan un sentido, pero fracasan en sus pretensiones de tener un carácter normativo. Por ello, la investigación se dirige a determinar cuáles son los factores que privan de un carácter normativo a nuestros enunciados. Esto se realiza utilizando como marco filosófico de referencia al debate en torno a la unidad de la proposición. De ahí que, el Capítulo I se dirija a presentar el debate en torno a la unidad de la proposición como el trasfondo filosófico dentro del cual desarrolla la investigación. El Capítulo II esté destinado a mostrar los rasgos centrales de una reconocida propuesta dentro del citado debate, la cual se caracteriza por sostener que las normas constituyen un tipo de proposición, a saber: la propuesta desarrollada por Peter Hanks. Luego, a partir del encuadre realizado por los dos primeros capítulos, la investigación desarrolla algunos de los factores que privan de carácter normativo a los enunciados. El Capítulo III a través de poner de manifiesto los límites del lenguaje normativo que se derivan del estudio de la gramática; mientras que, el Capítulo IV explicita las circunstancias que deben concurrir para considerar como normativa una proposición mediante el análisis de la metáfora de la dirección de ajuste. Así, como resultado de la investigación, es posible obtener una batería de criterios, factores o elementos que deben concurrir para que los enunciados empleados para formular normas alcances sus pretensiones normativas.
A synthesis of the National-scale Geochemical Survey in the last 50 years in Brazil
Authors: Almeida Marcelo , Couto Santos Caroline , Larizzatti João Henrique , Eberhardt Daliane , Melo Silvana , Moreira Alessandra
Published: November 2024

At the end of the 19th century, classical geochemistry arrived in Brazil through Henri Gorceix, being primarily used in his studies of mineralogy and petrology. Meanwhile, exploration geochemical arrives later, in the mid-20th century. But it was only in the late 1960s that systematic survey at the national level began, starting with the creation of CPRM - Geological Service of Brazil, culminating in over 50 years of uninterrupted activities, providing coverage of the entire country at various scales: global (7.3%), national (6.2%), regional (22.7%), and local (2.3%). Throughout this period, 681 projects were carried out and a variety of sample matrices were collected, such as stream sediment (226,792), soil (122,202), heavy-mineral pan concentrate (107,959), rock (56,807), among others (8,258), totaling 522,018 samples so far. All this collection has been progressively recovered, compiled, and organized into a robust public database (open access), developed by CPRM - Geological Service of Brazil. More recently, high-density geochemical surveys were conducted in partnership with the China Geological Survey with the aim of comparing analytical and sampling methodologies. For the future (until 2050), two main actions are planned: 1) an expectation of an increase in the coverage of high-density prospecting surveys, ranging from 951,386 km² (restrictive scenario: 11.2% of Brazilian territory) to 2,204,778 km² (favorable scenario: 25.9% of Brazilian territory); 2) a forecast of Brazil's participation in the Global Geochemical Baselines Program, where sampling will be subdivided by regions – North (736), Central-West (225), Northeast (305), and South-Southeast (343) – totaling 1,609 sampling cells.
Exploring the Cognitive Processes of Preparation for a Spelling Bee Game to Enhance Vocabulary Learning in a Foreign Language
Authors: Miramar Yousif Damanhouri
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the cognitive processes associated with preparation for a spelling bee game to enhance vocabulary learning in a foreign language. It draws upon the Information Processing Theory, which involves attention, perception, and memory processes. During their freshman year of college in the Department of English, a group of 30 Saudi learners, at the same level of English, ranging in age from 18 to 20 years old, were provided with a weekly set of words to memorize as part of their Reading Course. Following twelve weeks of practice, memorization, and oral performance, a spelling bee was organized for the ten students who achieved the highest scores in the spelling tests. Subsequently, individual interviews were conducted with each of the ten participants in order to understand the cognitive mechanisms underlying their preparation and memorization for the event. The study's findings reveal that most participants in the spelling bee game actively engage in key stages of information processing, including encoding, storing, and retrieving information. Additionally, learners were observed to evolve from merely acquiring factual vocabulary knowledge to applying it practically through repeated practice and memorization for the spelling bee. By engaging multiple senses—such as visual and auditory perception—alongside verbal memory, most participants develop the procedural knowledge needed to spell words accurately and effortlessly, effectively transferring words from short-term to long-term memory.
Fostering Early English Education in Saudi Arabia: A Pathway to Achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in Education
Authors: Alharbi Abeer , Almazroei Najwa , Alfaleh Reema , Alsubaie Sultana , Almutairi Munirah , Alruwibkh Yasmin
Published: November 2024

English language education has become increasingly vital in non-English-speaking countries, driven by globalization and the demands of the international economy. In Saudi Arabia, enhancing English proficiency is one of the most important aspects of educational reform emphasized by Vision 2030. This study examines the perceptions of 420 kindergarten and elementary school teachers, Saudi Arabia, regarding early English education for young learners aged 4 to 8. Using a structured questionnaire, the study reveals strong support among teachers for early English instruction, with 77% agreeing that every child should master at least one foreign language. Additionally, 86% of respondents believe that English should be introduced in primary school to establish a solid foundation for language mastery. Multiple regression analysis identified significant predictors of teacher support, such as teaching experience, educational qualifications, and regional location. Teachers with more experience and higher qualifications were more supportive of early English education, with greater support seen in urbanized areas. The findings also highlight the significance of English proficiency in the context of economic globalization. A total of 88% of teachers recognize that English is necessary for global communication and competitiveness. The study concludes that teacher perceptions align with the goals of Vision 2030, highlighting the strategic importance of early English education in Saudi Arabia's educational reforms. It further highlights the need for ongoing professional development for teachers and increased parental involvement to ensure the positive implementation of early English programs. These insights are critical for informing educational policies and practices that support Saudi Arabia's broader socio-economic objectives.
Demystifying Diphthong Adaptation Patterns within English Loanwords in Iraqi Arabic: An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis
Authors: Abdulrazzaq Ahmed Hamid
Published: November 2024

This paper aimed to provide an explanatory account of the phonological adaptation patterns of diphthongs within English loanwords in Iraqi Arabic (IA). The Optimality-Theoretic framework was employed to identify the phonological constraints imposed on 346 English loanwords in IA and then examine the interaction and ranking of those constraints. Results revealed that five phonological constraints were involved in adapting English diphthongs into IA: four faithfulness constraints and one markedness constraint. The undominated ranking of the markedness constraint NoDIPH explained the complete lack of diphthongs in IA output forms. The unique importance of the distance between a diphthong's two elements in determining its adaptation to IA and the high ranking of the faithfulness constraint UNIFORMITY in adapting wide diphthongs explain the atypical tendency of IA output forms to maintain the two-element feature of wide GB diphthongs /aɪ/, /aʊ/, and /ɔɪ/, adapting them into vowel-plus-glide sequence The preservation of the [mid] feature of the GB diphthongs /eɪ/, /ɪə/, /eə/, /əʊ/, and /ʊə/ and their reduction into monophthongs in their IA output forms were attributed to the undominated ranking of the faithfulness constraints IDENT V1 (mid) and IDENT V2 (mid) in narrow diphthong adaptation.
AI-driven fraud detection in banking: A systematic review of data science approaches to enhancing cybersecurity
Authors: Olawale Olowu  , Ademilola Olowofela Adeleye  , Abraham Okandeji Omokanye  , Akintayo Micheal Ajayi  , Adebayo Olabode Adepoju  , Olayinka Mary Omole  , Ernest C. Chianumba
Published: November 2024

The proliferation of sophisticated financial fraud and cybersecurity threats in the banking sector necessitates advanced detection and prevention strategies. This comprehensive review examines the current state of artificial intelligence and data science techniques in fraud detection systems within banking institutions, with particular emphasis on enhancing cybersecurity measures. Through systematic analysis of peer-reviewed literature, industry reports, and empirical studies from the past decade, we evaluate the effectiveness of various machine learning algorithms, deep learning architectures, and real-time monitoring systems in fraud detection. Meta-analysis of 47 studies indicates that contemporary AI-powered fraud detection systems achieve detection rates of 87-94% while reducing false positives by 40-60% compared to traditional rule-based methods. Furthermore, integrated AI approaches combining supervised and unsupervised learning techniques consistently demonstrate superior performance in detecting novel fraud patterns and adapting to emerging threats. This review synthesizes current research findings, identifies gaps in existing literature, and provides a comprehensive framework for implementing robust fraud detection systems in banking institutions.
A Research on: Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release matrix Tablets
Authors: Anuradha R. Narwade  , A. M. Mahale
Published: November 2024

The study focused on developing a sustained release matrix tablet of Mosapride Citrate to achieve prolonged therapeutic effects, reduce side effects, and improve patient compliance by minimizing dosing frequency. Mosapride Citrate, with a half-life of 2-3 hours, was used as a model drug. Matrix tablets were prepared using different viscosity grades of Eudragit through direct compression and evaluated. Results indicated that polymer matrices alone were insufficient for 8-hour sustained release, whereas a combination of Eudragit RS 100, Eudragit RL 100, and Eudragit E 100 provided effective sustained release, primarily through diffusion. The study also aimed to identify and rectify manufacturing defects. Mosapride Citrate tablets displayed good dissolution and tableting behavior. Preformulation studies evaluated physical properties like bulk and tapped density, angle of repose, compressibility, and Housner’s ratio. Tablet formulations underwent evaluations for thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, assay, dissolution, and stability, with optimized formulations compared to marketed samples.
Review of “Level of Economic Development and National Policies in Mexico and Nigeria (1970-2018)”: The new methodology, findings and recommendations
Authors: Ramon Quintana Woodstock
Published: November 2024

This paper reviews the research titled “Level of Economic Development and National Policies in Mexico and Nigeria (1970–2018): A Comparative Analysis of Growth and Institutions". The review highlights the study's novel methodology, which combines structural change detection and regression analysis to evaluate the impact of policies on economic growth. It underscores key findings, such as the positive effects of government spending and FDI and examines challenges like violence and corruption in Mexico. The review also emphasizes Adekanbi's actionable policy recommendations, offering insights into addressing socio-economic issues and fostering sustainable development in emerging economies.
Analysis of Rhodamine B Content in Eyeshadow Cosmetic Preparations with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Extract
Authors: Berliyanti Adella Eka
Published: November 2024

In the modern era, maintaining a good appearance is crucial. Many people are out there vying for the most outstanding looks. Many are also eager to spend money to improve their appearance, such as by undergoing various treatments and purchasing numerous cosmetic preparations. One type of cosmetics most often used by people is eyeshadow. As a decorative cosmetic, of course, eyeshadow has colouring content. However, Rhodamine B is still misused, a dangerous dye in eye shadow preparations, because most eye shadow palettes have a red base colour. As a result, the author recognizes the importance of researching to differentiate eyeshadow cosmetics containing Rhodamine B from those that do not, using natural ingredient indicators, given Indonesia's abundance of biodiversity. Rhodamine B may be detected using anthocyanins, natural pigments in various plants; one is butterfly pea flowers. The results of visual observations of the reaction of butterfly pea flower extract and cosmetic samples will then be confirmed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The qualitative analysis revealed that all eyeshadow samples tested positive for Rhodamine B, as shown by the colour change in the butterfly pea flower extract from blue to purple to pink. The quantitative examination revealed that Rhodamine B concentrations in five samples ranged from 0.419 mg/L to 15.891 mg/L. According to BPOM, cosmetic products should not include Rhodamine B (≤ 0 mg/L).