bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A semantic analysis-driven customer requirements mining method for product conceptual design
Authors: Wu Xuan-Yu , Hong Zhao-Xi , Feng Yi-Xiong , Li Ming-Dong , Lou Shan-He , Tan Jian-Rong
Published: June 2022

Precise customer requirements acquisition is the primary stage of product conceptual design, which plays a decisive role in product quality and innovation. However, existing customer requirements mining approaches pay attention to the offline or online customer comment feedback and there has been little quantitative analysis of customer requirements in the analogical reasoning environment. Latent and innovative customer requirements can be expressed by analogical inspiration distinctly. In response, this paper proposes a semantic analysis-driven customer requirements mining method for product conceptual design based on deep transfer learning and improved latent Dirichlet allocation (ILDA). Initially, an analogy-inspired verbal protocol analysis experiment is implemented to obtain detailed customer requirements descriptions of elevator. Then, full connection layers and a softmax layer are added to the output-end of Chinese bidirectional encoder representations from Transformers (BERT) pre-training language model. The above deep transfer model is utilized to realize the customer requirements classification among functional domain, behavioral domain and structural domain in the customer requirement descriptions of elevator by fine-tuning training. Moreover, the ILDA is adopted to mine the functional customer requirements that can represent customer intention maximally. Finally, an effective accuracy of customer requirements classification is acquired by using the BERT deep transfer model. Meanwhile, five kinds of customer requirements of elevator and corresponding keywords as well as their weight coefficients in the topic-word distribution are extracted. This work can provide a novel research perspective on customer requirements mining for product conceptual design through natural language processing.
Identification of HOX signatures contributing to oral cancer phenotype
Authors: Padam Kanaka Sai Ram , Morgan Richard , Hunter Keith , Chakrabarty Sanjiban , Kumar Naveena A. N. , Radhakrishnan Raghu
Published: June 2022

The role of evolutionarily conserved homeobox-containing HOX genes as transcriptional regulators in the developmental specification of organisms is well known. The contribution of HOX genes involvement in oral cancer phenotype has yet to be fully ascertained. TCGA-HNSC HTSeq-counts and clinical data were retrieved from the GDC portal for oral cavity neoplasms. GEO datasets (GSE72627, GSE30784, GSE37991) were accessed and analyzed using GEO2R. Differential HOX gene expression was profiled using the DESeq2 R package with a log2 fold change cut-off (− 1 and + 1) and Benjamini–Hochberg p-adjusted value at ≤ 0.01. Gene set over-representation analysis and semantic analysis associated with the disease ontology was performed using the ClusterProfiler R package, and pathway over-representation analysis was performed using IMPaLa. HOX protein interaction network was constructed using the Pathfind R package. HOX phenotype associations were performed using Mammalian Phenotype Ontology, Human Phenotype Ontology, PhenGenI associations, Jensen tissues, and OMIM entries. Drug connectivity mapping was carried out with Dr. Insight R package. HOXA2 was upregulated in oral dysplasia but silenced during tumor progression. Loss of HOXB2 expression was consistent in the potentially malignant oral lesions as well as in the primary tumor. HOXA7, HOXA10, HOXB7, HOXC6, HOXC10, HOXD10, and HOXD11 were consistently upregulated from premalignancy to malignancy and were notably associated with risk factors. Overrepresentation analysis suggested HOXA10 was involved in the transcriptional misregulation contributing to the oral cancer phenotype. HOX genes subnetwork analysis showed crucial interactions with cell cycle regulators, growth responsive elements, and proto-oncogenes. Phenotype associations specific to the oral region involving HOX genes provide intrinsic cues to tumor development. The 5′ HOX genes were aberrantly upregulated during oral carcinogenesis reflecting their posterior prevalence.
Dietary total, plant and animal protein intake in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents
Authors: Lotfi Keyhan , Mohammadi Sobhan , Mirzaei Saeideh , Asadi Ali , Akhlaghi Masoumeh , Saneei Parvane
Published: June 2022

Few studies have investigated dietary total protein intake and its subtypes in relation to metabolic health status. We explored the relation between dietary total, plant and animal protein intake with metabolic health status in Iranian overweight/obese adolescents. Overweight/obese adolescents (n = 203) were selected for this cross-sectional study by multistage cluster random-sampling method. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intakes. Total, plant and animal protein intake were considered as percentage of energy intake. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, lipid and glycemic profiles were collected. Participants were classified as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or unhealthy obese (MUO) based on International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF/Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) definitions. Subjects had a mean age of 13.98 years, and 50.2% of them were girls. Based on IDF criteria, adolescents in the top tertile of total (OR = 0.32; 95% CI 0.13–0.77), plant (OR = 0.30; 95% CI 0.10–0.91), and animal (OR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.08–0.54) protein intake had lower odds of being MUO compared to the reference category. Considering IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, subjects in the highest tertile of total (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.79) and animal (OR = 0.17; 95% CI 0.06–0.49) protein intake were less likely to be MUO. However, no substantial association was observed with plant protein intake. Also, an inverse association was observed between each SD increase in total and animal protein with MUO odds. We found inverse association between total, plant and animal protein intake and chance of being MUO in adolescents. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Flexural behaviour of strengthened damaged steel beams using carbon fibre-reinforced polymer sheets
Authors: Hou Wenyu , Wang Lianguang , Shi Di
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the test and finite element analysis results of a study on the flexural behaviour of damaged steel beams strengthened with carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The test results showed that the yield load, ultimate load and elastic stiffness of the steel beams with 100% loss of tension flange were 68.3%, 73.8% and 13.5% greater than the yield load, ultimate load and elastic stiffness of the steel beam with 28% loss of the web after static loading. The yield load and elastic stiffness of the steel beam after overloading were 8.7% and 24.5% greater than the yield load and elastic stiffness of the steel beam without overloading. The damage level had a significant effect on the yield load, ultimate bearing capacity and elastic stiffness of the steel beams regardless of whether the steel beams were under static loading or overloading. The damaged steel beam could be repaired by CFRP sheets, the increased layers of CFRP sheets could improve the yield load, ultimate bearing capacity and elastic stiffness of the steel beams, and the strains of CFRP sheets would decrease because of overloading. The numerical analysis results showed that compared with the steel beam without overloading, the deflection and strains of the steel beam after overloading were much smaller. The yield load and the elastic stiffness increased with the increment of the overloading amplitude, and the increment of overloading number could reduce the yield load and elastic stiffness. All the yield loads of the steel beams after overloading were greater than the yield loads of the steel beams without overloading, but the ultimate bearing capacities were smaller.
Hyaluronidase 1 deficiency decreases bone mineral density in mice
Authors: Puissant Emeline , Gilis Florentine , Tevel Virginie , Vandeweerd Jean-Michel , Flamion Bruno , Jadot Michel , Boonen Marielle
Published: June 2022

Mucopolysaccharidosis IX is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in HYAL1, an enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid at acidic pH. This disease causes juvenile arthritis in humans and osteoarthritis in the Hyal1 knockout mouse model. Our past research revealed that HYAL1 is strikingly upregulated (~ 25x) upon differentiation of bone marrow monocytes into osteoclasts. To investigate whether HYAL1 is involved in the differentiation and/or resorption activity of osteoclasts, and in bone remodeling in general, we analyzed several bone parameters in Hyal1 −/− mice and studied the differentiation and activity of their osteoclasts and osteoblasts when differentiated in vitro. These experiments revealed that, upon aging, HYAL1 deficient mice exhibit reduced femur length and a ~ 15% decrease in bone mineral density compared to wild-type mice. We found elevated osteoclast numbers in the femurs of these mice as well as an increase of the bone resorbing activity of Hyal1 −/− osteoclasts. Moreover, we detected decreased mineralization by Hyal1 −/− osteoblasts. Taken together with the observed accumulation of hyaluronic acid in Hyal1 −/− bones, these results support the premise that the catabolism of hyaluronic acid by osteoclasts and osteoblasts is an intrinsic part of bone remodeling.
Performing tympanometry using smartphones
Authors: Chan Justin , Najafi Ali , Baker Mallory , Kinsman Julie , Mancl Lisa R. , Norton Susan , Bly Randall , Gollakota Shyamnath
Published: June 2022

Background

Tympanometry is used as part of a battery of tests for screening of middle ear function and may help diagnose middle ear disorders, but remains available only on expensive test equipment.

Methods

We report a low-cost smartphone-based tympanometer system that consists of a lightweight and portable attachment to vary air pressure in the ear and measure middle ear function. The smartphone displays a tympanogram and reports peak acoustic admittance in realtime. Our programmable and open-source system operates at 226 Hz and was tested on 50 pediatric patient ears in an audiology clinic in parallel with a commercial tympanometer.

Results

Our study shows an average agreement of 86 ± 2% between the 100 tympanograms produced by the smartphone and commercial device when five pediatric audiologists classified them into five classes based on the Liden and Jerger classification.

Conclusion

Given the accessibility and prevalence of budget smartphones in developing countries, our open-source tool may help provide timely and affordable screening of middle ear disorders.
Synthesis and characterization of Pd/NHCF complexes with fluorinated aryl groups
Authors: Prima Darya O. , Pankov Roman O. , Kostyukovich Alexander Yu. , Minyaev Mikhail E. , Burykina Julia V. , Ananikov Valentine P.
Published: June 2022

The series of novel Pd/NHCF complexes were synthesized via a straightforward approach from fluorine-containing anilines. Computational and structural studies were performed to assess the effect of fluorine on the Pd–NHC bond.
A synthetic tactic to substitute axial ligands in sterically demanding Ru(ii)porphyrinates
Authors: Fontana Liniquer A. , Rigolin Vitor H. , Ribeiro Marcos A. , Barros Wdeson P. , Megiatto Jackson D.
Published: June 2022

A synthetic strategy based on the redox properties of Ru(ii)porphyrinates and steric hindrance control of the axial ligands is reported to afford heteroleptic complexes that function as excellent endotopic promoters for carbene-based reactions.
Pursuing unprecedented anisotropic morphologies of halide-free Pd nanoparticles by tuning their nucleation and growth
Authors: Spolaore Federico , Tajoli Francesca , Dalconi Maria Chiara , Hengst Christoph , Dornhaus Franz , Gross Silvia
Published: June 2022

We have attached two other versions of the graphical abstract, as we noticed that the current version is quite small. Please advise if these fits better, otherwise we can modify the TOC to make it more suitable.
GenusSpatholobus: a comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
Authors: Liu Yunlu , Xiang Qian , Liang Qi , Shi Jianyou , He Jun
Published: June 2022

Spatholobusplants are the valuable edible-medicinal herb which are mainly distributed in Asia, with complex chemical compositions and a wide spectrum of bioactive effects.
Monosulfonated dibenzo-24-crown-8 and its properties
Authors: Woźny M. , Trzybiński D. , Dąbrowa K. , Narodowiec J. , Woźniak K.
Published: June 2022

A convenient monosulfonation of dibenzo-24-crown-8 ether is described. Supramolecular and crystallographic studies of this new anionic host are also reported.
Radical-disulfide exchange in thiol–ene–disulfidation polymerizations
Authors: Bongiardina Nicholas J. , Soars Shafer M. , Podgorski Maciej , Bowman Christopher N.
Published: June 2022

The influence of radical-disulfide exchange on the polymerization and relaxation dynamics of thiol–ene–disulfide networks is investigated.
Impedimetric detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene using surface-functionalized halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Pattaweepaiboon Supak , Pimpakoon Varuntorn , Phongzitthiganna Nattida , Sirisaksoontorn Weekit , Jeamjumnunja Kannika , Prasittichai Chaiya
Published: June 2022

Amine-surface-functionalized halloysite nanotubes are used for electrochemical sensing TNT.
Performance experiments with a gas wave ejector equipped with curved channels and an analysis of the influence of channel angles
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Li Haoran , Hu Dapeng
Published: June 2022

The effects of curved rotor channel for enhancing the efficiency of gas wave ejector, improving the portion of static pressure of medium-pressure gas, and reducing operating power consumption are studied by simulation and experiment.
Naphthalene diimide-based random terpolymer acceptors for constructing all-polymer solar cells with enhanced fill factors
Authors: He Baitian , Liu Longfei , Liu Yan , Chen Guiting , Xiao Manjun , Dai Chuanbo
Published: June 2022

We developed two terpolymer acceptors based on N2200 through random copolymerization for all polymer solar cells with enhanced fill factors and photovoltaic performance.
Programing a cyanide-free transformation of aldehydes to nitriles and one-pot synthesis of amides through tandem chemo-enzymatic cascades
Authors: Zheng Haoteng , Xiao Qinjie , Mao Feiying , Wang Anming , Li Mu , Wang Qiuyan , Zhang Pengfei , Pei Xiaolin
Published: June 2022

A chemo-enzymatic cascade was developed for the cyanide-free synthesis of nitriles from aldehydes and further one-pot transformation into amides.
From computational high-throughput screenings to the lab: taking metal–organic frameworks out of the computer
Authors: Li Aurelia , Bueno-Perez Rocio , Madden David , Fairen-Jimenez David
Published: June 2022

Computational high-throughput screenings (HTS) have become a standard method of sieving the vast amount of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) data. But not many HTS studies have been able to bring MOFs to the lab.
Acylhydrazone-based supramolecular assemblies undergoing a converse sol-to-gel transition on trans → cis photoisomerization
Authors: Gao Zhao , Yan Fei , Shi Lulu , Han Yifei , Qiu Shuai , Zhang Juan , Wang Feng , Wu Si , Tian Wei
Published: June 2022

A converse sol-to-gel transition system based on trans → cis photoisomerization of acylhydrazone-based supramolecular assemblies has been sucessfully established, which was applied in the gel-based microvalves that can in situ control flow by light.
The effects of surface hydration on capillary adhesion under nanoscale confinement
Authors: Huang Sijia , Colosqui Carlos E. , Young Y.-N. , Stone Howard A.
Published: June 2022

Theoretical analysis and molecular dynamics reveal a dual critical role of surface hydration on nanoscale capillary adhesion.
Recent advances in biomedical applications of bacterial outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Zhou Mengyuan , Zeng Yuteng , Lv Ziyan , Wang Pan , Han Liang
Published: June 2022

This review comprehensively covers the extraction, characterization, functionalization and biomedical applications of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs).
Upgraded GMRT survey for pulsars in globular clusters
Authors: Gautam T. , Ridolfi A. , Freire P. C. C. , Wharton R. S. , Gupta Y. , Ransom S. M. , Oswald L. S. , Kramer M. , DeCesar M. E.
Published: June 2022

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) contain a unique pulsar population, with many exotic systems that can form only in their dense stellar environments. Such systems are potentially very interesting for new tests of gravity theories and neutron-star mass measurements.

Aims. The leap in sensitivity of the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) in India, especially at low radio frequencies (< 1 GHz), motivated a new search for radio pulsars in a group of eight southern GCs. We aim to image these clusters in order to have independent measurements of the radio fluxes of known pulsars and the identification of bright radio sources that could be pulsars missed by pulsation search pipelines due to their inherent limitations.

Methods. The observations were conducted at 650 MHz (Band 4 receivers) on Terzan 5, NGC 6441, NGC 6440, and NGC 6544, and at 400 MHz (Band 3 receivers) on NGC 6652, NGC 6539, NGC 1851, and M 30. Segmented acceleration and jerk searches were performed on the data. Simultaneously, we obtained interferometric data on these clusters, which were later converted into radio images.

Results. We discovered PSR J1835−3259B, a 1.83-ms pulsar in NGC 6652; this is in a near-circular wide orbit of 28.7-h with an unidentified low-mass (∼0.2 M⊙) companion, likely a helium white dwarf. We derived a ten-year timing solution for this system. We also present measurements of scattering, flux densities, and spectral indices for some of the previously known pulsars in these GCs.

Conclusions. A significant fraction of the pulsars in these clusters have steep spectral indices. Additionally, we detected eight radio point sources not associated with any known pulsar positions in the radio images. There are four newly identified sources, three in NGC 6652 and one in NGC 6539, as well as one previously identified source in NGC 1851, NGC 6440, NGC 6544, and Terzan 5. Surprisingly, our images show that our newly discovered pulsar, PSR J1835−3259B, is the brightest pulsar in all GCs we have imaged; like other pulsars with broad profiles (Terzan 5 C and O), its flux density in the radio images is much larger than in its pulsations. This indicates that their pulsed emission is only a fraction of their total emission. The detection of radio sources outside the core radii but well within the tidal radii of these clusters show that future GC surveys should complement the search analysis by using the imaging capability of interferometers, and preferentially synthesise large number of search beams in order to obtain a larger field of view.
Dorado and its member galaxies
Authors: Rampazzo R. , Mazzei P. , Marino A. , Bianchi L. , Postma J. , Ragusa R. , Spavone M. , Iodice E. , Ciroi S. , Held E. V.
Published: June 2022

Context.We are investigating the star formation in galaxies of the actively evolving Dorado group where, for a large fraction of both early- and late-type galaxies, signatures of interactions and merging events are revealed by optical and radio observations.

Aims.Our previous Hα+[N II] study, probing ≈10 Myr timescales, suggested that star formation is still ongoing in early-type galaxies. In this work, we use far-UV (FUV) imaging to map recent star formation on longer timescales, on the order of 100 Myr.

Methods.We used the Ultraviolet Imaging TelescopeUVITon boardAstrosatto image the galaxies of the Dorado backbone previously observed in Hα+[N II], with the far-UV filter FUV.CaF2 (1300–1800 Å). The sample included NGC 1536, NGC 1546, NGC 1549, [CMI2001]4136-01, NGC 1553, IC 2058, PGC 75125, NGC 1566, NGC 1596, and NGC 1602; for the two latter galaxies, the UVIT data provided the first view in far-UV. For the others, previously observed by GALEX, the UVIT data afford a ∼5× improvement in spatial resolution.

Results.FUV.CaF2 emission is revealed in all the Dorado galaxies observed, tracing young stellar populations in ring structures and showing tidal distortions. The Sérsic index, derived by fitting the luminosity profiles, is alwaysn < 3, suggesting that the FUV.CaF2 emission originates from a disk also in early-type galaxies. The star formation rate (SFR) ranges from 0.004 ± 0.001 M⊙yr−1for [CMI2001]4136-01 to 2.455 ± 0.027M⊙yr−1for NGC 1566. Most of the recent star formation is found at the periphery of the Dorado group, where most of late-type galaxies are located. For these galaxies, the ratio SFRHα/SFRFUV.CaF2is close to 1, except for the edge-on IC 2058, similar to previously reported relations for local volume samples. For early-type galaxies, however, SFRHαis about 15 times higher than SFRFUV. Dorado’s early-type galaxies define a separate locus in SFRFUV, SFRHαspace with respect to the late-type galaxies, which is well represented by the relation log (SFRFUV.CaF2) = 0.70 × log (SFRHα)−1.26.

Conclusions.The disk structure of the FUV.CaF2 emitting populations discovered in all the early-types galaxies implies dissipative processes and wet merging events. The systematic discrepancy between SFRs derived from Hαand FUV fluxes suggests that rejuvenation episodes in early-type galaxies cannot sustain constant star formation over ∼100 Myr timescales.
Thyroid Storm Presenting with Isolated Acute Bulbar Myopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: AlNeyadi Asma , AlKhanbashi Manal , AlKaabi Fatima , Ismail Mohamed
Published: June 2022

While proximal skeletal muscle myopathy is a frequently reported complication of thyrotoxicosis, acute bulbar thyrotoxic myopathy is rare especially in absence of other forms of myopathy. In this report, we present a case of 31 years old male presenting with thyrotoxicosis and aspiration pneumonia following weeks of experiencing dysphagia and hoarseness of voice. Labs confirmed Graves' disease and other causes of bulbar myopathy like Myasthenia gravis was ruled out. He was started on thyroid treatment and showed remarkable improvement of dysphagia over 15 days. Based on this, we conclude that isolated bulbar myopathy in hyperthyroidism should be considered in patients presenting with dysphagia and dysphonia in absence of other possible neurological causes.
Modeling the deformation and breakup of a surfactant-coated droplet on a roughness solid surface in shear flow
Authors: Deng Dapeng , Dong Huifang , Liang Yusheng , Zhao Zhili
Published: June 2022

A surfactant-coated droplet attached to a rough wall subjected to shear flow is investigated using a coupled lattice Boltzmann with the finite difference method, where a contact angle hysteresis model is introduced into the method to characterize the surface roughness. The method is first verified by the equilibrium contact angle of a semi-circular droplet setting on the bottom plane. It is then adopted to explore the surfactant role on the droplet motion and deformation on a rough wall with two representative hysteresis windows. For the hysteresis window of (0°, 180°), i.e., the contact line remains pinned, the addition of surfactants first promotes droplet deformation and then hinders droplet deformation with increasing effective capillary number. However, for the hysteresis window of (70°, 110°), the addition of surfactants always promotes droplet motion and deformation. Finally, the surfactant role on droplet breakup is presented. For the hysteresis window of (0°, 180°), the addition of surfactants hinders droplet breakup. However, for the hysteresis window of (70°, 110°), the addition of surfactants promotes droplet breakup.
Conservation agriculture influences crop yield, soil carbon content and nutrient availability in the rice–wheat system of north-west India
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Mishra Ajay Kumar , Chaudhari Suresh Kumar , Singh Rakesh , Yadav Kailash , Rai Poornima , Sharma Dinesh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Context Tillage-based agriculture has led to soil health deterioration and decline in crop productivity. Recently, zero tillage (ZT) and crop residue management has emerged as an alternative to conventional tillage. Methods This experiment was done in north-west India over 3 years, with four treatments: (1) conventional transplanted puddle rice (TPR) + conventional tillage wheat (CTW) with 1/3 of wheat residues incorporated (TPR-CTWR1/3i); (2) TPR + CTW (TPR-CTW); (3) ZT direct-seeded rice (ZTDSR) + ZT wheat (ZTW) with 1/3 of wheat residues incorporated (ZTDSR-ZTWR1/3i); and (4) conventional tillage direct-seeded rice (CTDSR) + ZTW with full residues of both rice and wheat crop incorporated (CTDSR-ZTWRfr). Two rice (CSR 30, CSR 36) and two wheat (HD 2894, KRL 213) varieties were used. Soil samples were collected after harvest at 0–15 to 15–30 cm soil depth. Key results In rice, yield was significantly higher under conventional tillage, and variety CSR 36 outperformed CSR 30 in various yield attributes. In wheat, the number of grains per spike was significantly higher in TPR-CTWR1/3i than TPR-ZTW. After rice harvest, there was ∼10% and 5% higher available N in TPR-CTW and CTDSR-ZTWRfr compared to ZTDSR-ZTWR1/3i and TPR-CTWR1/3i, respectively (0–15 cm depth). After wheat harvest, highest SOC content (7.5 g kg−1) was found under CTDSR-ZTWRfr (0–15 cm depth); and highest total water-stable aggregates were observed under CTDSR-ZTWRfr (37.52%; 0–15 cm depth). Compared to farmers’ practise, the total global warming potential of rice–wheat cropping system was reduced by 43% with conservation agriculture-based management practises (ZTDSR-ZTWR1/3i). Conclusions DSR (in rice) and ZT in wheat with full residue retention best improved soil organic carbon and nutrient availability in soil. Implications Conservation agriculture systems can be adopted to improve crop productivity, soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Numerical investigation on the thermal transportation of MHD Cu/Al
2
O
3-H
2
O Casson-hybrid-nanofluid flow across an exponentially stretching cylinder incorporating heat source
Authors: Paul Ashish , Kanti Das Tusar , Nath Jintu Mani
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the stagnation point flow and heat transfer of MHD boundary layer Casson hybrid nanofluid through a porous space across an exponentially stretched cylinder. The heat source impact is also considered in the model. A 3-stage Lobatto IIIa formula, Bvp4c, is operated to obtain the numerical findings. The influences of dimensionless parameters, namely Prandtl number, Reynolds number, heat source parameter, and Casson fluid parameter on Skin-friction coefficient, velocity, thermal profile, and Nusselt number, are portrayed graphically and depicted through tables. The significant findings indicate that the hybrid Casson nanofluids have a higher thermal conductivity when compared to the Casson nanofluids. As a result, the Casson hybrid nanofluid fluid has a significant impact on increasing heat processes. It has been investigated that the coefficient of the absolute Skin friction for Casson hybrid nanofluid is raised up to 29% compared to Casson nanofluid. The effective heat transfer rate of Casson hybrid nanofluid is improved over 9% compared to Casson nanofluid. As the heat source and Casson fluid parameters are incremented, the numeric values of the Nusselt number reduce.
Strained Cs2AgInCl6 double perovskite material: band structure, optical spectra and mechanical stability
Authors: Menedjhi Adel , Bouarissa Nadir , Saib Salima
Published: June 2022

The optoelectronic properties and mechanical stability of lead-free halide double perovskite, Cs2AgInCl6, with emphasis on their dependence on strain are reported. The computations are performed by employing first-principles calculations within a hybrid functional. The author’s calculation shows a direct (Г → Г) band gap for unstrained Cs2AgInCl6 with a recorded value of 3.62 eV which accords to within 2% with experiment. The obtained optical spectra show superior properties with strong absorption spectra of Cs2AgInCl6 for photovoltaics. The unstrained material under focus is found to be mechanically stable. The electronic and optical nature of Cs2AgInCl6 are affected under strain improving thus the potential applications of the material of interest for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications.
Wavelength-tunable mode-locked linear-cavity Yb-doped fiber laser based on GIMF
Authors: Qiu Haoxue , Pan Yuzhai , Wang Ji , Tian Zhaoshuo
Published: June 2022

A wavelength-tunable passive mode-locked linear-cavity Yb-doped fiber (YDF) laser has been demonstrated. The mode-locked operation was realized by using a semiconductor saturation absorption mirror as a cavity end-reflector. The laser wavelength was tuned by moving the horizontally adjustable platforms to bend a segment of the graded-index multimode fibers (GIMFs) in the cavity. The central wavelength of the output pulse is continuously adjustable in our experiment and the tunable range is from 1031.99 to 1039.32 nm. The output pulses have a 3 dB bandwidth of 1.77 nm and the fundamental repetition rate of 15.33 MHz. The average output power is 15.18 mW, the corresponding pulse energy is 0.99 nJ. The experimental results show that GIMF can be used as an efficient and simple way to tune the wavelength output in the mode-locked linear-cavity YDF laser.
Helmholtz equation and non-singular boundary elements applied to multi-disciplinary physical problems
Authors: Klaseboer Evert , Sun Qiang
Published: June 2022

The famous scientist Hermann von Helmholtz was born 200 years ago. Many complex physical wave phenomena in engineering can effectively be described using one or a set of equations named after him: the Helmholtz equation. Although this has been known for a long time, from a theoretical point of view, the actual numerical implementation has often been hindered by divergence-free and/or curl-free constraints. There is further a need for a numerical method that is accurate, reliable and takes into account radiation conditions at infinity. The classical boundary element method satisfies the last condition, yet one has to deal with singularities in the implementation. We review here how a recently developed singularity-free three-dimensional boundary element framework with superior accuracy can be used to tackle such problems only using one or a few Helmholtz equations with higher order (quadratic) elements which can tackle complex curved shapes. Examples are given for acoustics (a Helmholtz resonator among others) and electromagnetic scattering.
Robust decoding of the speech envelope from EEG recordings through deep neural networks
Authors: Thornton Mike , Mandic Danilo , Reichenbach Tobias
Published: June 2022

Objective. Smart hearing aids which can decode the focus of a user’s attention could considerably improve comprehension levels in noisy environments. Methods for decoding auditory attention from electroencapholography (EEG) have attracted considerable interest for this reason. Recent studies suggest that the integration of deep neural networks (DNNs) into existing auditory attention decoding (AAD) algorithms is highly beneficial, although it remains unclear whether these enhanced algorithms can perform robustly in different real-world scenarios. Therefore, we sought to characterise the performance of DNNs at reconstructing the envelope of an attended speech stream from EEG recordings in different listening conditions. In addition, given the relatively sparse availability of EEG data, we investigate possibility of applying subject-independent algorithms to EEG recorded from unseen individuals. Approach. Both linear models and nonlinear DNNs were employed to decode the envelope of clean speech from EEG recordings, with and without subject-specific information. The mean behaviour, as well as the variability of the reconstruction, was characterised for each model. We then trained subject-specific linear models and DNNs to reconstruct the envelope of speech in clean and noisy conditions, and investigated how well they performed in different listening scenarios. We also established that these models can be used to decode auditory attention in competing-speaker scenarios. Main results. The DNNs offered a considerable advantage over their linear analogue at reconstructing the envelope of clean speech. This advantage persisted even when subject-specific information was unavailable at the time of training. The same DNN architectures generalised to a distinct dataset, which contained EEG recorded under a variety of listening conditions. In competing-speakers and speech-in-noise conditions, the DNNs significantly outperformed the linear models. Finally, the DNNs offered a considerable improvement over the linear approach at decoding auditory attention in competing-speakers scenarios. Significance. We present the first detailed study into the extent to which DNNs can be employed for reconstructing the envelope of an attended speech stream. We conclusively demonstrate that DNNs improve the reconstruction of the attended speech envelope. The variance of the reconstruction error is shown to be similar for both DNNs and the linear model. DNNs therefore show promise for real-world AAD, since they perform well in multiple listening conditions and generalise to data recorded from unseen participants.
A cryogenic low-background low-noise CMOS preamplifier for HPGe detectors
Authors: Hao J. , He L. , Deng Z.
Published: June 2022

A cryogenic low-noise CMOS preamplifier has been
successfully developed for HPGe detectors in low-background
experiments. Commonly used auxiliary off-chip devices, such as
decoupling capacitors and resistors, were removed to control the
radioactive emission. The prototype chip was implemented in XFAB 350
nm CMOS process and was fully evaluated. A minimum ENC of 8.9
electrons was obtained at a 12 μs shaping time at 77 K, and
the rise time was measured to be 60 ns through a 1-meter-long
cable. The performances with and without decoupling capacitors for
the power supply and bias voltages were compared, and there was no
evident difference between these cases. The performance upon
connection to a 0.5 kg point-contact HPGe detector was also
measured. A minimum ENC of 15.5 electrons was achieved. The energy
spectrum of the 57Co radiation source was obtained, and the
FWHM of the 122 keV energy peak was measured to be 0.6 keV.
Foundations of a finite non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics: extrinsic quantities
Authors: Ericok O B , Mason J K
Published: June 2022

Statistical thermodynamics is valuable as a conceptual structure that shapes our thinking about equilibrium thermodynamic states. A cloud of unresolved questions surrounding the foundations of the theory could lead an impartial observer to conclude that statistical thermodynamics is in a state of crisis though. Indeed, the discussion about the microscopic origins of irreversibility has continued in the scientific community for more than a hundred years. This paper considers these questions while beginning to develop a statistical thermodynamics for finite non-equilibrium systems. Definitions are proposed for all of the extrinsic variables of the fundamental thermodynamic relation that are consistent with existing results in the equilibrium thermodynamic limit. The probability density function on the phase space is interpreted as a subjective uncertainty about the microstate, and the Gibbs entropy formula is modified to allow for entropy creation without introducing additional physics or modifying the phase space dynamics. Resolutions are proposed to the mixing paradox, Gibbs’ paradox, Loschmidt’s paradox, and Maxwell’s demon thought experiment. Finally, the extrinsic variables of the fundamental thermodynamic relation are evaluated as functions of time and space for a diffusing ideal gas, and the initial and final values are shown to coincide with the expected equilibrium values.
Two-path interference of single-particle pulses measured by the Unruh–DeWitt-type quantum detector
Authors: Chen Bo-Hung , Chen Tsung-Wei , Chiou Dah-Wei
Published: June 2022

We study the two-path interference of single-particle pulses measured by the Unruh–DeWitt-type quantum detector, which itself is a quantum state as well as the incoming pulse, and of which the interaction with the pulse is described by unitary quantum evolution instead of a nonunitary collapsing process. Provided that the quantum detector remains coherent in time long enough, the detection probability still manifests the two-path interference pattern even if the length difference between the two paths considerably exceeds the coherence length of the single-particle pulse, contrary to the result measured by an ordinary classical detector. Furthermore, it is formally shown that an ensemble of identical Unruh–DeWitt-type quantum detectors collectively behaves as an ordinary classical detector, if coherence in time of each individual quantum detector becomes sufficiently short. Our study provides a concrete yet manageable theoretical model to investigate the two-path interference measured by a quantum detector and facilitates a quantitative analysis of the difference between classical and quantum detectors. The analysis affirms the main idea of decoherence theory: quantum behavior is lost as a result of quantum decoherence.
Advances in Postharvest Technology and Its Implementation
Authors: Joni Munarso S , Widayanti S M , Qanytah
Published: June 2022

Global food security faces several challenges, including increasing food production to meet the demand of growing population, changing diets, and food losses and food waste. It was reported that one-third of the food produced is lost or wasted (FLW) in between the harvesting process and consumption process. The latest study in Indonesia reported that FLW generation reached 23-48 million tons/year or equivalent to 115-184 kg/capita/year. Postharvest handling and processing technology plays important role in achieving food security. Advances in such technology need to be introduced, along with its potential and implementation prospective. The advances include Smart and Precision Postharvest Practices, harvesting technology, solar dryer (Bubble and Tunnel), cereal storage technology (including IoT application), Active and Smart Packaging, cool chain process, coating technology, etc. Some advances in postharvest processing technology have also been done, with the coverage of production technology, processing technology, packaging technology and management system. There 2 (two) important actors in the technology implementation, i.e., Implementing Agent (IA) and Supportive Agent (SA). It is needed to select IA with high commitment. A technology model should be introduced to the IA, and start from that moment a package of accompaniment to the IA has to be given. Replicating and expanding the model need the role of the SA, especially through incentives policies, either infrastructure or other convenience assistances.
Food quality, safety, and functionality – relevance to nutrition security
Authors: Gidley Michael J
Published: June 2022

Achieving nutrition security through diet quality is a major challenge globally, as reflected in the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. To aid in this, there is a global consensus that diet quality is a result of overall dietary patterns rather than individual nutrients. This puts the emphasis on food quality and availability and is causing a major re-think in the science of nutrition. Recently, the Australian Academy of Science produced a Decadal Plan for the Science of Nutrition (https://www.science.org.au/supporting-science/science-policy-and-analysis/decadal-plans-science/nourishing-australia-decadal-plan) that identified three areas of focus: Social Determinants, Nutrition Mechanisms and Precision Nutrition as well as the Enabling Platforms that should result in greater opportunities to achieve nutrition security. This presentation will discuss these three areas and platforms in the context of targets for agriculture and food processing.
Sensory Profile of Dark Chocolate from Shorter Modification Fermentation
Authors: Rahardjo Y P , Raharja S , Samsudin  , Syamsu K
Published: June 2022

The flavor precursors reached an optimal balance at short fermentation (3-4 days) when compared to the traditional fermentation period (6 days) and have the potential to develop well quality flavors. The study purpose was to determine consumer preferences and sensory attributes of chocolate candy using shorter fermentation (4 days) as raw material. All samples used the same ingredient composition, but bean was produced from three types of the incubator (box fermentation, solar heater and water jacket heater) and reduced pulp prior fermentation. The quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) used trained assessors to determine the components of quality attributes used as the basis for determining the attributes in the CATA questionnaire. The profile of CATA-sensory also compared to each factor using a multivariate analysis of principal coordinate analysis (PCA). Results showed that all samples have the dominant characteristic of cocoa aroma and easily melts in the mouth. Roasted cacao and caramel are major sensory attributes. The PCA analysis showed added solar heater in fermentation had better taste and aftertaste related to caffeine, sweet and lower oily sensation. For aroma description, The QDA assessor found a specific aroma from roasted cocoa but the aroma was not significantly different on dark chocolate preferences test.
Effect in Ultrasound Usage Time on Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Robusta Coffee Powder (Coffea canephora. L)
Authors: Hariadi H , Quddus A A , Fizriani A , Mardiana  , Surahman D N , Cahya E A , Hendarwin M A , Dadan R , Sandi D , Widiawati  , Nanda E E
Published: June 2022

Coffee is one of the drinks that people around the world often consume. In this study, coffee was extracted using the ultrasound method. This study aimed to determine the effect of ultrasonic extraction on the chemical and sensory content of Robusta coffee. The research method used was Duncan's test which was divided into using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) method with four treatments P1 (ultrasound 30 minutes), P2 (ultrasound 60 minutes), P3 (ultrasound 90 minutes), P4 (ultrasound 120). The highest caffeine content was 86.33%, the highest water content is P2 (60 minutes ultrasound) 4.13%, the highest ash content is P3 treatment (60 ultrasound minutes) was 3.75%. The highest-fiber content was in P1, and for the sensory test, the panelists tended to prefer P2 with a taste of 4.33, flavor 4.40, color 4.40 of 5.
Physical and Sensory Properties of Modified Canna Edulis Starch-Noodles with the Addition of Guar Gum, CMC, and Arabic Gum
Authors: Widaningrum  , Haliza W
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to study the effects of 1% addition of various hydrocolloids, i.e. guar gum, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and Arabic gum, in preparing noodles from Canna edulis starch modified with heat moisture treatment (HMT) in advance. Research results showed that some parameters such as cooking loss were not affected by hydrocolloid except Arabic gum (which resulted in the highest cooking loss). CMC and Arabic gum significantly affected the hardness and elasticity of starch noodles; meanwhile, for the stickiness parameter, guar gum gave the lowest stickiness of starch noodles and was not significantly different from native Canna edulis starch noodles. The addition of hydrocolloids did not significantly affect tensile strength except for the brightness of noodles. From the sensory evaluation perspective, Canna edulis modified starch noodle was likely to be more accepted by the panelists than other starch noodles available in the market.
Optimizing Skim Milk Concentration and Type of Starters in The Processing of a Whey Probiotic Drink
Authors: Usmiati S , Widaningrum  , Budiyanto A , Yuliana T
Published: June 2022

Whey is a by-product of cheese processing. Yet, it still contains nutrition from milk. Thereby, it still can be further processed into another product, such as a whey probiotic drink. This research aimed to obtain probiotic starter and best skim concentration as study their interaction to produce a whey probiotic drink with the quality properties and is sensorically acceptable. The present study used completely randomized design with two factors i.e. type of probiotic starters (Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum, and combination of both) and skim milk concentration (5%, 10%, and 15%). Analyzes were performed on pH, total acid, protein, viscosity and total of probiotic bacteria. From nine of treatment combination, four among them were selected to be analyzed for their sensory acceptability. Research yielded a whey probiotic drink using starters of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum with the concentration of skim milk was 15%, pH 3.82, total acid 1.18%, viscosity 53.4 cP, protein 3.24% and total probiotic bacteria 8.18 x 109 CFU/mL. The product had also good overall acceptability.
The Utilization of Off Grade Garlic Bulb Into Garlic Powder and Its Characteristics
Authors: Sasmitaloka K S , Hidayat T
Published: June 2022

During the production process of garlic seeds, about 15 - 20% are not suitable for seed use because of the small size of the cloves (<2.0 cm). Garlic powder has a potential to be developed as a seasoning in cooking, medicine, and industrial raw material. This research aimed to determine the effect of size reduction method and sodium bisulphite concentration on the characteristics of garlic powder from off-grade garlic. The raw material used was off grade garlic of Sangga Sembalun variety. The study was designed using a completely randomized design, which consisted of two factors, namely the size reduction method (x1: chopped and x2: sliced) and concentration of sodium bisulphite solution (y1: 0, y2: 0.5%, y3: 1.0%; y4: 1.5%), with three replication. The results showed that off grade garlic can be used as garlic powder with high lightness and allicin content. The garlic powder produced by the slice method and soaking in 0.5% of sodium bisulphite had a yield of 39.83%, moisture of 8.37%, ash of 3.47%, fat of 0.21%, protein of 18.30%, carbohydrate of 69.63%, allicin of 1.59%, chroma of 13.80, degree of Hue of 71.04, and degree of Lightness (L*) of 89.56.
Nano-encapsulation of Eucalyptus citriodora Oil: Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Wahyuningsih K , Yuliani S , Iriani E S
Published: June 2022

Eucalyptus citriodora oil is an essential oil that contains volatile active compounds. To slow down the process of releasing such volatile compounds, a binding agent such as a polymer matrix is needed. This research aimed to prepare and characterize the properties of Eucalyptus citriodora oil encapsulated in polymer matrices. Development of nanoencapsulated Eucalyptus citriodora was prepared using the melt-dispersion method and polymer matrices (PEG-6000 and paraffin wax) with the addition of Mentha piperita oil as aroma enhancer at a ratio of 1:1. The gas chromatography analysis showed that Eucalyptus citriodora oil contains volatile compounds (citronellal 76.17%). The nanoencapsulated eucalyptus powder produced using the PEG-6000 matrix, in terms of properties, was better than that using paraffin for having smaller particle size and being difficult to agglomerate at room temperature. The average size of oil droplets of nanoencapsulated Eucalyptus citriodora in the PEG-6000 matrix was 235.35 nm with a PDI of 0.339. The morphological analysis using a transmission electromagnetic microscope indicated that the average droplet size was less than 100 nm. This product can be used as a breath-relieving aromatherapy powder by wrapping it in porous paper to be inhaled.