bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gli statuti epigrafici dell’Italia centro-settentrionale (secc. XII-XIV)
Authors: Bottazzi Marialuisa
Published: February 2020

Nella larga costruzione monumentale italiana d’ambito medievale le iscrizioni apposte dal secolo XII sulle facciate delle chiese o degli edifici dei Comuni ormai istituzionalizzati iniziarono a riportare interi capitoli, larghi stralci, comunque parti rilevanti dei testi statutari a beneficio della cittadinanza e di quanti, oramai numerosi e culturalmente evoluti anche in ambito laico, popolavano le città. Il contributo offre un largo panorama dell’importante e consapevole impiego inciso della scrittura lapidaria riscontrato in modo diretto o indiretto, grazie alla documentazione al nostro attivo, per le città di Rimini, Genova, Ferrara, Milano, Lucca, Orvieto, Aquapendente, Lugnano in Tavernina, Perugia, Todi, Corneto in Tarquinia
Des statuts urbains aux statuts de métier : l’exemple de la fusterie d’Avignon au milieu du xiiie siècle
Authors: Bernardi Philippe , Leroy Nicolas
Published: February 2020

La règlementation concernant les charpentiers et marchands de bois (fustiers) avignonnais au xiiie siècle se compose de trois documents ou trois versions successives élaborées entre 1246-1247 et 1265. Le premier est formé d’un groupe de trois articles insérés dans le corpus de 1246-1247 des statuts d’Avignon, les deux suivants se présentent comme l’enregistrement de véritables statuts (consuetudines) de métier (le 15 juillet 1247) et leur réforme partielle (28 mai 1265). Ces sources nous permettent de revenir sur la hiérarchie généralement établie entre règlementations communales et professionnelles. Elles attestent d’échanges ou d’influences entre les strates normatives. L’analyse proposée met en évidence non une tension entre différents niveaux de règlementation superposés mais un rapport dynamique entre ceux-ci. Elle invite, à partir du cas avignonnais, à considérer, au-delà de la lutte éventuelle entre émetteurs de statuts, le rôle que purent tenir, dans l’ombre, les groupes sur lesquels portaient ces règlements.
Jeux d’échelles, jeux de normes ? Les statuts du Comtat Venaissin, fin xiiie-début xvie siècle
Authors: Theis Valérie
Published: February 2020

Cet article part de l’étude des différents statuts qui ont été produits au sein du Comtat Venaissin entre le xiiie et le xvie siècle. De là, il s’agit d’abord d’essayer de voir s’il existait une circulation des normes entre les statuts provinciaux et les statuts communaux, les villes ayant joué un rôle majeur dans la production de statuts bien avant qu’un corpus de normes commence à être élaboré au niveau des provinces. Dans la mesure où le Comtat Venaissin faisait partie des États pontificaux, il s’agit aussi de s’interroger sur d’éventuelles circulation de normes entre les différentes provinces soumises à la domination de l’Église romaine. Observer quelles normes passèrent du niveau communal au niveau provincial et quelles normes furent amenées à circuler au sein des différentes provinces de l’Église romaine permet de mieux cerner les objectifs qui étaient ceux des officiers pontificaux en charge du gouvernement de ces provinces et de mettre en valeur le caractère spécifique de la politique italienne des papes par rapport à la politique qu’ils développèrent dans le Comtat Venaissin. Suivre l’une des dispositions qui semble circuler à une vaste échelle dans le monde méditerranéen, celle qui concerne la cession de bien, permet en outre d’élargir la question des circulations au-delà des seuls états pontificaux et de mettre en valeur la manière dont ces statuts sont construits à la croisée de multiples influences qui vont du droit romain aux normes coutumières.
Towards a Flipped Classroom Based on a Context-Aware Mobile Learning System (FC-CAMLS)
Authors: Lamia Mahnane , Mohamed Hafidi
Published: February 2020

The approach proposed in this chapter called flipped classroom based on context-aware mobile learning system (FC-CAMLS) aims to provide learners with an adapted course content format based on their feedback and context. The latter has a significant influence on multimedia content in adaptive mobile learning. The contribution was applied in the context of the flipped learning in order to manage the heterogeneity of context imposed by this approach. Firstly, the authors present a quantitative analysis by means of structural equation modeling to analyze the causal relationships of knowledge, skills, and motivation with students' satisfaction. Secondly, they confirm that the proposed flipped classroom has positive effects on students' knowledge, skills, and motivation. Finally, the research provides useful results that the use of the context dimensions and learner feedback in adaptive mobile learning is more beneficial for learners especially in the flipped classroom.
Efficacy of the Flipped Classroom to Teach the Digital Storytelling Process
Authors: Mohamed Hafidi , Lamia Mahnane
Published: February 2020

The flipped classroom can be used to encourage teachers to prepare their own stories for their students and connect with peers to build their own collaborative learning spaces. Teachers can create digital storytelling from the content or have their students do it to demonstrate their understanding of the content. The greatest benefit in the flipped classroom may be found when students may be given assignments in which they are asked to research a topic, look for pictures, record their voice, and then choose a particular point of view. This chapter explores storytellers' experiences of digital storytelling (DST) through a flipped classroom approach. A mixed research method was employed, using multiple sources of data collection, including pre-and post-tests, perception of flipped learning experience questionnaire, the teachers' in-class observations, and semi-structured focus-group interviews. The results revealed that the flipped classroom not only enhanced the participants' motivation, making them more active, but also significantly improved their ability.
Engaging Engineering Students in the Educational Process Using Moodle Learning Environment
Authors: Labanova Oksana , Uukkivi Anne , Safiulina Elena , Latõnina Marina
Published: February 2020

Modern pedagogical practice emphasizes the use of technology as an opportunity to personalize the learning process and the need to take into account students' new needs. The purpose of this chapter is to offer a model of presenting online learning materials in mathematics that involves students in a continuous learning process. This model consists of textual materials, video materials, and tests in Moodle virtual learning environment (VLE). Textual materials include short theoretical materials with examples, self-control exercises, and worksheets with step-by-step solutions. The model includes five different types of videos: mini-lectures, problem solving walkthroughs, instructional videos, interactive videos, and individual videos. The testing system includes training, control, and bonus tests. Creating all parts of the model requires the use of specific didactical techniques. The students' feedback to this model has been highly positive.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS Model Based on Reliability Criteria and a Dynamic Mathematical Operator for Solving MCGDM Problems
Authors: Aikhuele Daniel Osezua
Published: February 2020

This chapter proposes a model based on the IF-TOPSIS method and the DIFWGϵ operator for the evaluation of renewable power plants. The model uses five reliability-based criteria and addresses the dynamic factors associated with renewable power plant operations. The factors include: the changing energy demand and consumption, the changing environmental conditions, rapidly increasing population, social activities, and awareness. The result from the evaluation shows that the Solar power plant (S3) is the most preferred power source considering the dynamic factors associated with the plant operation, the plant location, and the reliability-based criteria used for the assessment.
A Conceptual Framework Towards Implementing a Cloud-Based Dynamic Load Balancer Using a Weighted Round-Robin Algorithm
Authors: Sahana Sudipta , Mukherjee Tanmoy , Sarddar Debabrata
Published: February 2020

Cloud load balancing has become one of the most vital aspects of Cloud computing that has captured the attention of IT organizations and business firms in recent years. Among the issues related to this particular aspect, one such issue which needs to be addressed is the issue of effectively serving the clients' requests among multiple servers using an appropriate load balancer. Previous survey papers discussed various issues of cloud load balancing and accordingly devised various methods and techniques to address those issues with the objectives of reduction of processing time and response time along with optimization of costs. In this article, we have discussed an effective load balancing technique using the weighted Round-Robin algorithm which can process the client requests among multiple servers with minimal response time. Considering all these aspects, a cloud-based dynamic load balancer is being used to solve the problem of load balancing in the cloud infrastructure.
The Psychological Motivations of Online Conspicuous Consumption
Authors: Qattan Jude , Al Khasawneh Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Conspicuous consumption is a behavior that is becoming prevalent in today's world. Although limited attention has been given to conspicuous consumption in a digital world, it is a behavior that everyone practices, in different degrees. This article sets out to reveal and examine the underlying psychological motivations of online conspicuous consumption. Semi-structured interviews are adopted as a qualitative technique. The interviews were conducted with fifteen Jordanian residents who have access to the internet and social media. The findings reveal that the four proposed psychological motivations (envy, materialism, narcissism, and social comparison) are of significant influence on users' online conspicuous consumption. This study introduces a comprehensive model of online conspicuous consumption that was not addressed earlier in the literature and provides a viable foundation for future research in this context. Furthermore, the results will help marketing managers to better understand and manage their strategies in reference to users' psychological motivations when posting online.
An Empirical Study on Determining the Effectiveness of Social Media Advertising
Authors: Arora Taanika , Agarwal Bhawna
Published: February 2020

The article proposes a conceptual model based on social media advertising, which examines the impact of some identified antecedents such as entertainment, informativeness, credibility, incentives, pre- purchase search motivation and social escapism motivation on attitude towards social media advertising and further see the impact on purchase intention. A quantitative approach of research was adopted, where data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 472 Indian social media users. The scales adapted from the previous studies were validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and then two-step structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied which included confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) followed by hypothesis testing in AMOS 22.0. The results indicated a significant role of informativeness, entertainment, credibility, incentives, pre- purchase search motivation and social escapism motivation in predicting attitudes towards social media advertising, further purchase intention was significantly predicted by attitudes towards social media advertising.
A Systematic Literature Review on DevOps Capabilities and Areas
Authors: Teixeira Daniel , Pereira Ruben , Henriques Telmo Antonio , Silva Miguel , Faustino João
Published: February 2020

Businesses today need to respond to customer needs at an unprecedented speed. Driven by this need for speed, many companies are rushing to the DevOps movement. DevOps, the combination of Development and Operations, is a new way of thinking in the software engineering domain that recently received much attention. Since DevOps has recently been introduced as a new term and novel concept, no common understanding of what it means has yet been achieved. Therefore, the definitions of DevOps often are only partly relevant to the concept. This research presents a systematic literature review to identify the determining factors contributing to the implementation of DevOps, including the main capabilities and areas with which it evolves.
Relationship Between the Use of Online Courseware and Achievement in a Developmental Writing Course
Authors: Leow Christine , Rho Yun Jin , Metusalem Ross , Kasper Sara
Published: February 2020

A consistent challenge of implementing blended learning is the support that students should receive when using online courseware outside of class time. For blended learning to be successful in terms of student learning, the online courseware would need to be able to support the learning of students outside of class time. An interactive, digital courseware was used for a developmental writing course at California State University - Bakersfield. The main goal of this study was to gather evidence to determine if the use of this online courseware was associated with higher student achievement within a blended learning environment. After controlling for confounding factors, a multi-level regression was used to determine the contribution of courseware usage to student achievement, which was measured by a final writing exam. The number of writing topics completed by students in the courseware was found to be positively related to their exam scores. This provides preliminary evidence that the online courseware with certain interactive features can be supportive of learning outside of class.
New Detection Mechanism for Distributed Denial of Service Attacks in Software Defined Networks
Authors: Hosny Khalid Mohamed , Gouda Ameer El-Sayed , Mohamed Ehab Rushdy
Published: February 2020

Software defined networks (SDN) are a recently developed form for controlling network management by providing centralized control unit called the Controller. This master Controller is a great power point but at the same time it is unfortunately a failure point and a serious loophole if it is targeted and dropped by attacks. One of the most serious types of attacks is the inability to access the Controller, which is known as the distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. This research shows how DDoS attack can deplete the resources of the Controller and proposes a lightweight mechanism, which works at the Controller and detects a DDoS attack in the early stages. The proposed mechanism can not only detect the attack, but also identify attack paths and initiate a mitigation process to provide some degree of protection to network devices immediately after the attack is detected. The proposed mechanism depends on a hybrid technique that merges between the average flow initiation rate, and the flow specification of the coming traffic to the network.
Constraint-Based Privacy Preserving-Path Computation Element
Authors: Hajaje Hamid , Guennoun Mouhcine , Guennoun Zine El Abidine
Published: February 2020

Information privacy and protection is fundamental in the context of path computation. When a path computation client (PCC) requests the shortest path between two nodes from a path computation element (PCE), it desires to do so while protecting the sensitive information carried by the query as well as the overall topology of the network. The authors provide a novel framework to compute the shortest path, between a source and a destination, subject to a constraint, represented in the case by a required minimum bandwidth, while preserving the privacy of both client and server. By employing a secure homomorphic encryption scheme, the PCE can blindly compute the path while being oblivious to the content of the encrypted queries. The output of the PCE computation is an encrypted path that is only decipherable by its original secret key. The implementation using the homomorphic scheme over the integers from Van Dijk, Gentry, Halevi, and Vaikuntanathan (DGHV) shows promising results that the authors analyze in detail throughout this paper.
Recent Advances on Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Benmammar Badr
Published: February 2020

Cognitive radio is a form of wireless communication that makes decisions about allocating and managing radio resources after detecting its environment and analyzing the parameters of its radio frequency environment. Decision making in cognitive radio can be based on optimization techniques. In this context, machine learning and artificial intelligence are to be used in cognitive radio networks in order to reduce complexity, obtain resource allocation in a reasonable time and improve the user's quality of service. This article presents recent advances on artificial intelligence in cognitive radio networks. The article also categorizes the techniques presented according to the type of learning—supervised or unsupervised—and presents their applications and challenges according to the tasks of the cognitive radio.
Experimental Performance Evaluation of RPL Protocol for IPv6 Sensor Networks
Authors: Mohammed Belghachi , Naouel Debab
Published: February 2020

In this article, the authors propose a new approach to meet various QoS requirements from different kinds of traffic; thus, maximizing network utilization, while improving its performance. The authors design an objective function based on ant colony optimization (ACO). The authors use the delay, energy, packet loss, and memory as the routing metric of the nodes in the preferred parent selection process for the RPL protocol to build the DODAG structure. After, the authors implement it in an experimental testbed deployed in real scenarios, and then the authors compare the results with RPL based on ETX.
Table of Contents Vol 75, No 3 (2019)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
National Health Insurance unpacked: Part 1
Authors: Mash Bob
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
The critique of ethnophilosophy in the mapping and trajectory of African philosophy
Authors: Mungwini Pascah
Published: February 2020

By ignoring the history of thinking in other traditions around the world, philosophy established itself as a narrow tradition, and in the name of reason, according to Bernasconi, it constituted itself as a narrative shaped largely by exclusions. Similar exclusionary tendencies have also permeated the field of African philosophy. In an effort to legitimise and indeed consolidate their discipline, a generation of academic philosophers in Africa have attempted to establish the boundaries of African philosophy with significant consequences on its meaning and future development. Their effort is credited with putting African philosophy on the world map. However, by aligning the practice of African philosophy to a particular conceptualisation of the enterprise, what was meant to serve as the springboard for intellectual freedom, including the liberation of thought and imagination in Africa became restrictive if not intolerant or repressive in its outlook. In this essay, I wish to assess the impact of the critique of ethnophilosophy on the growth and expression of African philosophy as an autonomous discipline. In doing so reference will be made to what Mudimbe has called ‘the bible of anti-ethnophilosophers.’Keywords: Critique of Ethnophilosophy, Africa, African philosophy, Exclusionary practices, Universalism
Between fiction and fact: further reflections on Jonathan Chimakonam’s critique of Kwesi Tsri on blackness and race
Authors: Ofuasia Emmanuel
Published: February 2020

In his [Africans are not Black: The Case for Conceptual Liberation], Kwesi Tsri relies extensively on myths and non-fictional narratives to dictate the origin of the racial disparagement of Afro-Americans and Africans from south of the Sahara. Owing to the synonymy between ‘black’ and ‘Africa(n)’ as well as the derogatory symbolism in the former that fuels the latter, Tsri submits the need to disassociate Africans from the concept, ‘black.’ Upon a critical conversation with Tsri’s text however, Chimakonam discerns three flaws. Granted, the objections are salient, I augment herein, one of Chimakonam’s critiques – the exclusion by Tsri, of nonfictional or scientific texts on the race discourse. Whereas I agree with Chimakonam that both the fictional and non-fictional accounts on race are pertinent for intellectual balance in Tsri’s disquisition, I further suggest that in most cases, non-fictional or scientific theories on race are undergirded by the prejudice initiated by mythical and/or fictional narratives. I substantiate my thesis, relying on Karl Popper’s evolutionary epistemology, with 21st century science admission that human genetic diversity cannot be captured by scientific theories of race.Keywords: Africa, Blackness, Jonathan Chimakonam, Karl Popper, Kwesi Tsri
Estado, desenvolvimento sustentável e governança no Brasil: políticas públicas para energia e água pós Rio-92
Authors: Peguim Cássia Natanie
Published: February 2020

Com o objetivo de compreender como se processou a incorporação do conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável às políticas públicas de gestão dos recursos naturais para a geração de energia, tomamos o uso da água como exemplo e problematizamos a questão a partir da discussão sobre o público e o privado na concepção de governança, entendida como ação do Estado na elaboração de políticas públicas. O espaço e o tempo da análise é o Brasil pós Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, a Rio 92, caracterizado pela reforma neoliberal iniciada com Fernando Collor de Mello e da retomada da criação de empresas estatais atuantes no uso dos recursos naturais em diálogo com o mercado durante os governos Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff. A criação de uma estrutura institucional contemporânea aos princípios de desenvolvimento sustentável trouxe consigo a problemática da mudança na percepção quanto ao valor de uso e troca da água em que a questão do acesso frente a uma relação entre desiguais existente na gestão do Estado e entre iguais na sociedade civil participa das redefinições ocorridas com o advento do conceito difundido a partir de 1992. O conceito desenvolvimento sustentável se mostra indissociável da problemática do uso dos recursos naturais, cuja posição mais ao mercado ou mais ao Estado oscila entre as e dentro das ações estatais no que diz respeito a sua posição como agente econômico.
Perspectivas da história econômica global da Baixa Idade Média
Authors: Erra Felipe Mendes
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as linhas gerais de um modelo teórico capaz de conduzir uma abordagem econômica da Baixa Idade Média a partir de uma perspectiva global. Para tanto, começaremos reconhecendo as dificuldades inerentes a esse desafio. Na primeira seção, passaremos em revista diferentes estratégias adotadas pela historiografia diante do desafio de conduzir uma investigação utilizando, como unidade de observação geográfica, a macroescala. Na segunda seção, apresentaremos brevemente algumas propostas de História Global, chegando a uma situação historiográfica radicada na oposição de dois modelos constrangedores para o pesquisador em História Medieval: uma teoria que vê o início de relações globais apenas a partir do século XVI, e uma teoria que identifica relações globais a partir da Revolução Neolítica, concedendo pequena importância, quando não um juízo desfavorável, ao período medieval. Na terceira seção, a partir da análise dos fluxos comerciais existentes entre o mar Negro, a Itália e o noroeste da Europa durante o século XIV, teremos oportunidade de elencar algumas características do comércio transcontinental do período. Terminaremos com uma breve reflexão sobre a possibilidade de construir um modelo teórico capaz de investigar o emaranhado de conexões econômicas de longo alcance geográfico que existiam em um mundo essencialmente fragmentado, evitando teoremas gerais abstratos em favor da observação das singularidades locais.
A Coleção de Tours de atas do concílio de Éfeso (431): um testemunho carolíngio de ressignificação doutrinal e circulação de textos no Mediterrâneo tardo antigo
Authors: Torre Robson Murilo Grando Della
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho visa compreender a multiplicidade de sentidos e experiências históricas que se cruzam no manuscrito latino conservado na Bibliothèque Nationale de France sob o número 1.572, outrora conservado em Saint-Martin de Tours e que preserva uma coleção de “atas do concílio de Éfeso (431)” nomeada a partir dele. Defendo inicialmente a própria desconstrução da ideia de que o concílio de Éfeso tenha produzido atas em sentido estrito, alinhando-me às ideias de Eduard Schwartz acerca tanto do faccionalismo desse encontro como do caráter propagandístico das coleções documentais produzidas pelos partidos em choque nesse momento e por novos grupos eclesiásticos que deram novos sentidos à disputa cristológica após o concílio de Calcedônia (451). Passando em revista, em seguida, pela recepção do debate efesino no Ocidente latino, procedo a uma breve descrição dessa dita coleção de Tours, levantando hipóteses sobre a datação e o local de seu arquétipo (segundo quarto do século VI em Constantinopla). Por fim, voltando-me ao contexto da Gália, ofereço uma hipótese de transmissão da coleção por meio de um itinerário mediterrânico associado à dita controvérsia dos Três Capítulos, concluindo que sua recepção e produção no período carolíngio se deu tanto por meio da recuperação de sentidos produzidos ao longo dessa longa e difusa cadeia de transmissão mediterrânica quanto por novos interesses e necessidades que surgiam nesse momento na Gália carolíngia e que não necessariamente se vinculavam à polêmica cristológica.
New Model of Reactive Transport in Single-Well Injection-Withdrawal Test with Aquitard Effect
Authors: Wang Quanrong , Shi Wenguang , Zhan Hongbin
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The model of single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) test has been widely used to investigate reactive radial dispersion in remediation or parameter estimation of the in situ aquifers. Previous analytical solutions only focused on a completely isolated aquifer for the SWIW test, excluding any influence of aquitards bounding the tested aquifer. This simplification might be questionable in field applications when test durations are relatively long, because solute transport in or out of the bounding aquitards is inevitable due to molecular diffusion and cross-formational advective transport. Here, a new SWIW model is developed in an aquifer-aquitard system, and the analytical solution in the Laplace domain is derived. Four phases of the test are included: the injection phase, the chaser phase, the rest phase and the extraction phase. The Green's function method is employed for the solution in the extraction phase. As the permeability of aquitard is much smaller than the permeability of the aquifer, the flow is assumed to be perpendicular to the aquitard, thus only vertical dispersive and advective transports are considered for aquitard. The validity of this treatment is tested by a numerical solution. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the influence of vertical flow velocity and porosity in the aquitards, and radial dispersion of the aquifer is more sensitive to the SWIW test than other parameters. In the injection phase, the larger radial dispersivity of the aquifer could result in the smaller values of breakthrough curves (BTCs), while greater values of BTCs of the chaser and rest phases. In the extraction phase, it could lead to the smaller peak values of BTCs. The new model of this study performs better than previous studies excluding the aquitard effect for interpreting data of the field SWIW test.
GNSS DOPPLER VELOCITY BASED ON ADAPTIVE ROBUST KALMAN FILTERING
Authors: Liu H. , Xin M. Z. , Wei J. J. , Liang Y. K. , Yang F. L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The main factors affecting the error of Doppler velocity measurement mainly come from the measurement errors of GNSS data, influence of different motion states on GNSS velocity measurement and the noise of different receiver types. To improve the precision of GNSS velocity estimation, an algorithm of adaptive robust Kalman filter based on the PDOP was put forward. PDOP value as well as the number of satellite in each epoch are used as a criterion in the velocity processing. While the PDOP value is greater than the threshold value, which means the observation accuracy is low, then the robust Kalman filter based on IGG – III scheme is introduced. While the PDOP value is between the threshold values, which means the observation precision is normal, adaptive factor could be determined normally, and the single-factor three-stage adaptive model is applied for Kalman filtering. If the above two conditions are not consistent, it indicates that the prediction accuracy of the local epoch satellite is high, and Kalman filtering can be directly used. Through the experiment of shipborne GNSS velocity measurement, it was proved that comparing with conventional least square, the algorithm based on the adaptive robust Kalman filtering can improve the accuracy and stability of the GNSS velocity determination.
A RADIOMETRIC NORMALIZATION METHOD OF CONTROLLING NO-CHANGED SET (CNCS) FOR DIVERSE LANDCOVER USING MULTI-SENSOR DATA
Authors: Huang L. T. , Jiao W. L. , Long T. F. , Kang C. L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The accurate acquisition of land surface reflectance (SR) data determines the accuracy of ground objects recognition, classification and land surface parameter inversion using remote sensing data, which is the basis of remote sensing data application. In this study, a Control No-Changed Set (CNCS) radiometric normalization method is proposed to realize spectral information transformation of multi-sensor data, which is based on the Iteratively Reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IR-MAD), and includes automatic selection and step-by-step optimization of no-change pixels. The No-Changed set (NC) is obtained by selecting the original no-change pixels between the target image and the reference image according to the linear relationship. In the obtained original no-change regions, IR-MAD rules with iterative control are used to fix the final no-change pixels, after regression modeling and calculation, the normalized images are obtained. The method is tested on multi-images from multi-sensors in three groups of experiments (GF-1 WFV and Landsat-8 OLI, GF-1 PMS and Sentinel-2 MSI, and Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI) with different landcover areas. The results of radiometric normalization are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. The data of the three groups of experiments have a high correlation (correlation coefficient r values > 0.85), indicating that they can be used together as complementary data. The Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) values calculate from the NC between the reference and normalized target images are much smaller than those between the reference and original target images. The radiometric colour composition effects, and the typical ground objects spectral reflective curves of the reference and normalized target images are very similar after radiometric normalization. These results indicate that the CNCS method considers the linear relationship of the no-change pixels and is effective, stable, and can be used to improve the consistency of SR of multi-images from multi-sensors.
ASSESSMENT OF VEGETATION COOLING EFFECT ON THE SURROUNDING THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN BLOCK SCALES
Authors: Liu Y. P. , Cai G. Y.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The growing coverage of impervious surfaces within cities has resulted in a decrease in vegetation areas, which in turn has caused the temperature increase in urban region. It has proved that vegetation plays an important role in mitigating urban heat island (UHI) effects such that the city managers and planners have paid more attention on how to plan green lands in city planning related projects. This paper focuses on the detection of the mean land surface temperature (LST) change in residential blocks in Changchun where citizens are have common daily lives. Then, according to the interactive extraction of high spatial resolution images, the regions with great changes in Changchun city during 2016 and 2019 are analyzed and compared with the average surface temperature of each block. According to statistical methods, the mitigation effect of the green space on the plot was obtained. It is helpful for city managers or planners to create a livable environment for citizens.
QUANTITATIVE REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS OF THERMAL ENVIRONMENT CHANGES IN THE MAIN URBAN AREA OF Guilin BASED ON GEE
Authors: Lou P. Q. , Fu B. L. , Lin X. C. , Tang T. Y. , Bi L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The dynamic change of urban thermal environment caused by the change of land use type has become one of the important problems of urban ecological environment protection. In Guilin city as research area, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE), the random forest algorithm was used to classify the land use classification of Landsat remote sensing images in 2010, 2014 and 2018, and the mono-window algorithm was used to calculate the surface temperature. The surface vegetation was solved according to the NDVI pixel binary model. Coverage, and finally dynamic statistics and comparative analysis of land use, vegetation cover and surface temperature. The main results as follows. (1) From 2010 to 2018, the average temperature in the main urban area of Guilin is on the rise (increased by 1.29 °C), and the temperature zones in each class are converted from low temperature zone, lower temperature zone and medium temperature zone to higher temperature zone and high temperature zone. (2) Lower temperature zone and the low temperature zone is mainly distributed in vegetation and water body coverage areas, while the medium temperature zone, higher temperature zone and the high temperature zone are mainly distributed in construction land and unused land cover area. (3) High vegetation cover area in 2014–2018 (reduced by 31.34%) The main reason for the sharp decline is the substantial increase in the area of construction land (expansion 30.19%). (4) GEE-based random forest algorithm Land use classification had higher classification accuracy (more than 80% in all three periods). The results can provide scientific basis for improving urban thermal environment and scientific reference for the development strategy of Guilin city.
DROUGHT MONITORING IN SHANDONG PROVINCE BASED ON MODIFIED TEMPERATURE-VEGETATION-SOIL MOISTURE DRYNESS INDEX (TVMDI)
Authors: Wan H. , Wang Z. D. , Guo P. , Wang B. , Li X. C. , Meng C. H. , Yang G.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Drought is one of the frequent natural disasters in Shandong province, which is characterized by high frequency and wide range. In response to frequent droughts that are not monitored in time, monitoring the changes of drought is of great significance to agricultural production and social development. This study used the Temperature-Vegetation-soil Moisture Dryness Index (TVMDI) model, combined with the optical MODIS land surface temperature, vegetation index, surface albedo data and microwave FY-3B soil moisture data, to monitor the drought of Shandong province in 2016. The precipitation and temperature data of weather station were used to validate the monitoring results. The results show that, in 2016, the drought in Shandong province mainly occurred in winter and spring, and the drought in summer was alleviated. From the perspective of space, the northern Shandong and the Shandong peninsula areas are relatively humid with less drought time, while the local areas in the central and southern Shandong province suffer from severe drought with longer drought time. From the perspective of correlation with meteorological factors, the average correlation coefficient between TVMDI and precipitation can reach 0.45, and the average correlation coefficient between TVMDI and temperature can reach 0.63.
A NEPHOGRAM PREDICTION METHOD BASED ON GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORK
Authors: Xun Y. , Yu W. Q.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. As one of the important sources of meteorological information, satellite nephogram is playing an increasingly important role in the detection and forecast of disastrous weather. The predictions about the movement and transformation of cloud with certain timeliness can enhance the practicability of satellite nephogram. Based on the generative adversarial network in unsupervised learning, we propose a prediction model of time series nephogram, which construct the internal representation of cloud evolution accurately and realize nephogram prediction for the next several hours. We improve the traditional generative adversarial network by constructing the generator and discriminator used the multi-scale convolution network. After the scale transform process, different scales operate convolutions in parallel and then merge the features. This structure can solve the problem of long-term dependence in the traditional network, and both global and detailed features are considered. Then according to the network structure and practical application, we define a new loss function combined with adversarial loss function to accelerate the convergence of model and sharpen predictions which keeps the effectivity of predictions further. Our method has no need to carry out the stack mathematics calculation and the manual operations, has greatly enhanced the feasibility and the efficiency. The results show that this model can reasonably describe the basic characteristics and evolution trend of cloud cluster, the prediction nephogram has very high similarity to the ground-truth nephogram.
INDIRECT ESTIMATION OF SOIL WATER CONTENT IN PLOUGH LAYER BASED ON TOPSOIL SPECTRUM
Authors: Zhai H. R. , Li X. C. , Zhong H.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In order to estimate the soil water content of the plough layer using the surface soil spectrum, based on the water content data and hyperspectral data of 85 surface layers and ploughed soil samples in Jiyang County, Shandong Province, 10 transformation methods such as square root are used. The spectral reflectance of the topsoil is transformed, and the estimation factor is selected according to the principle of maximal correlation. Then, according to the correlation between the water content of the surface layer and the plough layer, two indirect estimation models are constructed.Six kinds of modeling methods such as multiple linear regression, partial least squares regression and support vector machine were used to estimate the soil water content of the cultivated layer, and the effectiveness of the two indirect estimation models was compared and analyzed. The results show that the decision coefficient R2 of the first mode is 0.8138, the average relative error is 9.6061% and the decision coefficient R2 of the second mode is 0.8115, the average relative error is 12.1403%. The researches show that it is feasible and effective to estimate the soil water content of the plough layer by using the surface soil spectrum. It provides a new idea for the rapid diagnosis of soil moisture and nutrients by using optical satellite remote sensing technology.
SHALLOW BATHYMETRY ESTIMATION BASED ON LANDSAT 8 REMOTELY SENSED DATAAT BOHAI SEA
Authors: Zhang D. J. , Zhan J. , Wang C. X. , Zhou G. Q.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Bathymetry is a key variable in ocean monitoring and measurement research. It becomes more and more important for development of rapid method to invert shallow sea water depth. In this study, a water depth inversion method based on multi-band model is established to analyze the relationship between different bands of Landsat 8 OLI multi-spectral and measured data. The average absolute error of the model is 1.48m at 10–20m water depth and the average relative error is 13.12%. The water depth inversion accuracy under normal conditions are achieved, indicating that the model will have a promising practical application in the future.
ANALYSING THE GROWTH CONDITION OF HAZEL MUSHROOM BASE ON THE DATE OF LANDSAT 8 AND THE PLATFORM OF ENVI
Authors: Zhu J. T. , Luo Y. , Zhao M. X. , Wang L. , Gong C. F. , Liu Y. S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Armillariella mellea mainly distributes in Changbai Mountain forest area, which is one of the few edible fungi that can be cultured artificially. It contains a variety of essential amino acids and vitamins for human body. Frequent consumption can strengthen the body immunity. It is of great significance to analyze the growth environment of Armillariella mellea by remote sensing technology for its growth prediction and artificial cultivation research. Based on ENVI software and Landsat 8 image, the surface temperature and soil moisture in Xiao Hinggan Mountains in August 2014 were retrieved by the method of atmospheric correction and TVDI, and the optimum growth environment of Armillariella mellea was analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) The optimum growth temperature of Armillariella mellea is 25–30 °C, and the soil moisture condition is 0.4–0.6. The Armillariella mellea mainly distributes in the north-central part of the study area. Combined with other growth environment information, the study area is generally suitable for the growth of Armillariella mellea; 2) we found the Armillariella mellea around the area of 83 samples of 100 samples which were choose to analyse. The accuracy is higher; 3) It is feasible to obtain the optimum growth environment of Hazelnut mushroom by remote sensing technology.
TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PM2.5 CONCENTRATION IN “2+26” CITIES
Authors: Liang L. S. , Jing J. L. , Wang A. N. , Luo F. L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In recent years, air pollution is still a serious problem in China. Therefore, the government has further strengthened the pollution control measures for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) air pollution transmission channel cities (“2+26” cities). This study used real-time PM2.5 monitoring data from 176 air quality monitoring sites in “2+26” cities from 2015 to 2018. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of PM2.5 concentration in “2+26” cities were analysis by statistical analysis and Kriging interpolation method. The research results showed that: (1) From the analysed of time variation, the hourly variation presents a bimodal distribution, with the PM2.5 concentration reaching the peak at 9:00–10:00 O’clock and 22:00–00:00, and finally dropping to the lowest value at 16:00–17:00. The monthly change of PM2.5 concentration was almost the same, reaching the peak pollution concentration in December. The seasonal variation trend of the study area was almost the same, and the PM2.5 concentration had a small decline, except for the special changed in winter. However, autumn and winter were still the most polluted seasons, while the spring and summer were less polluted. (2) From the analysed of spatial variation, the pollution process started in November and ended slowly in March of the following year, with the worst and most extensive pollution in December. It was spread to surrounding cities by Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and Handan in the central region, and the central area was the most polluted. In August, PM2.5 concentration was the lightest, with an average concentration of 42.4 μg/m3.
Paramagpy: software for fitting magnetic susceptibility tensors using paramagnetic effects measured in NMR spectra
Authors: Orton Henry William , Huber Thomas , Otting Gottfried
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Paramagnetic metal ions with fast-relaxing electrons generate pseudocontact shifts (PCSs), residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PREs) and cross-correlated relaxation (CCR) in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the molecules they bind to. These effects offer long-range structural information in molecules equipped with binding sites for such metal ions. Here we present the new open-source software Paramagpy, which has been written in Python 3 with a graphic user interface. Paramagpy combines the functionalities of different currently available programs to support the fitting of magnetic susceptibility tensors using PCS, RDC, PRE and CCR data and molecular coordinates in Protein Data Bank (PDB) format, including a convenient graphical user interface. Paramagpy uses efficient fitting algorithms to avoid local minima and supports corrections to back-calculated PCS and PRE data arising from cross-correlation effects with chemical shift tensors. The source code is available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3594568 (Orton, 2019).
Cryoconite: an efficient accumulator of radioactive fallout in glacial environments
Authors: Baccolo Giovanni , Łokas Edyta , Gaca Paweł , Massabò Dario , Ambrosini Roberto , Azzoni Roberto S. , Clason Caroline , Di Mauro Biagio , Franzetti Andrea , Nastasi Massimiliano , Prata Michele , Prati Paolo , Previtali Ezio , Delmonte Barbara , Maggi Valter
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Cryoconite is rich in natural and artificial
radioactivity, but a discussion about its ability to accumulate
radionuclides is lacking. A characterization of cryoconite from two Alpine
glaciers is presented here. Results confirm that cryoconite is significantly
more radioactive than the matrices usually adopted for the environmental
monitoring of radioactivity, such as lichens and mosses, with activity
concentrations exceeding 10 000 Bq kg−1 for single radionuclides. This
makes cryoconite an ideal matrix to investigate the deposition and
occurrence of radioactive species in glacial environments. In addition,
cryoconite can be used to track environmental radioactivity sources. We have
exploited atomic and activity ratios of artificial radionuclides to identify
the sources of the anthropogenic radioactivity accumulated in our samples.
The signature of cryoconite from different Alpine glaciers is compatible
with the stratospheric global fallout and Chernobyl accident products.
Differences are found when considering other geographic contexts. A
comparison with data from literature shows that Alpine cryoconite is
strongly influenced by the Chernobyl fallout, while cryoconite from other
regions is more impacted by events such as nuclear test explosions and
satellite reentries. To explain the accumulation of radionuclides in
cryoconite, the glacial environment as a whole must be considered, and
particularly the interaction between ice, meltwater, cryoconite and
atmospheric deposition. We hypothesize that the impurities originally
preserved into ice and mobilized with meltwater during summer, including
radionuclides, are accumulated in cryoconite because of their affinity for
organic matter, which is abundant in cryoconite. In relation to these
processes, we have explored the possibility of exploiting radioactivity to date
cryoconite.
Highlights in Managing Monetary Policy of Vietnam in Post-Crisis Period
Authors: Truong Bac Cong , Viet Phan Quan , Hanh Vu Thi Kim , Thao Ho Thi Phuong , Duong Le Huong , Anh Nguyen Ho Viet
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on assessing highlights in the managing monetary policy in post-crisis period from 2011 to present in Vietnam in order to identifies key messages which helped Vietnam overcome the financial crisis 2007-2008 and keep the growth rate stably at high level, to be one of highest growth rate in the world. The research used aggregated methods, descriptive statistics and analysis based on World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Central Bank of Vietnam data sources. The results shown that the monetary policy in Vietnam in this period had a flexible transition in its management objectives, coordinated in close with fiscal policy to achieve macro goals, besides changing the regulatory mechanism by volume to operating with interest rates and combined with other operating tools more diverse.