bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinação de parâmetros cinéticos utilizando modelos empíricos e mecanicistas.
Authors: Santos Douglas Santos Cruz , Santos de Jesus Lucas Fernando , Santana Pedro Leite , Calado Verônica Maria de Araújo , Biscaia Junior Evaristo Chalbaud , Pagano Rogério Luz
Published: May 2016

Atualmente o desenvolvimento de novos materiais está intimamente relacionado com as diversas combinações possíveis entre suas propriedades. Estes materiais, mais precisamente os compósitos poliméricos, apresentam alta resistência mecânica, baixo peso e baixo coeficiente de expansão térmica. As diversas aplicações dos compósitos na indústria exigem um conhecimento abrangente das etapas do seu processamento. Deste modo os materiais serão produzidos atendendo exigências cada vez mais rígidas para cada situação em particular. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho compreende na estimação de parâmetros cinéticos a partir de modelos matemáticos mecanicistas e empíricos da reação de cura da resina polimérica, Diglicidil Éter de Bisfenol A – DGEBA, com o agente reticulante meta fenileno diamina (m-PDA). Para isso, o sistema de equações diferenciais, descrito pelos modelos cinéticos, foram resolvidos e ajustados aos dados experimentais. Com a inclusão das restrições algébricas, o modelo algébrico-diferencial resultante foi resolvido pela DASSL, utilizando o pacote do programa EAD_CINETICA. A energia de ativação juntamente com outros parâmetros cinéticos foram determinados através da solução do modelo matemático. Os valores da energia de ativação encontrados para os modelos encontram-se numa faixa de 55 a 80 kJ∙mol-1. Os resultados obtidos através da aplicação dos métodos e do ajuste feito pelo programa estão em boa concordância com os encontrados na literatura.
Best possible rates of distribution of dense lattice orbits in homogeneous spaces
Authors: Ghosh Anish , Gorodnik Alexander , Nevo Amos
Published: May 2016

This paper establishes upper and lower bounds on the speed of approximation in a wide range of natural Diophantine approximation problems. The upper and lower bounds coincide in many cases, giving rise to optimal results in Diophantine approximation which were inaccessible previously. Our approach proceeds by establishing, more generally, upper and lower bounds for the rate of distribution of dense orbits of a lattice subgroup Γ in a connected Lie (or algebraic) group G, acting on suitable homogeneous spaces G/H. The upper bound is derived using a quantitative duality principle for homogeneous spaces, reducing it to a rate of convergence in the mean ergodic theorem for a family of averaging operators supported on H and acting on G/Γ. In particular, the quality of the upper bound on the rate of distribution we obtain is determined explicitly by the spectrum of H in the automorphic representation on

L
2

L^{2}

(Γ

∖

\setminus

G). We show that the rate is best possible when the representation in question is tempered, and show that the latter condition holds in a wide range of examples.
Products of vector valued Eisenstein series
Authors: Westerholt-Raum Martin
Published: May 2016

We prove that products of at most two vector valued Eisenstein series that originate in level 1 span all spaces of cusp forms for congruence subgroups. This can be viewed as an analogue in the level aspect to a result that goes back to Rankin, and Kohnen and Zagier, which focuses on the weight aspect. The main feature of the proof are vector valued Hecke operators. We recover several classical constructions from them, including classical Hecke operators, Atkin–Lehner involutions, and oldforms. As a corollary to our main theorem, we obtain a vanishing condition for modular forms reminiscent of period relations deduced by Kohnen and Zagier in the context their previously mentioned result.
French and Spanish colonial policy in North Africa: revisiting the Kabyle and Berber myth
Authors: Tilmatine Mohand
Published: May 2016

The French colonial presence in North Africa gave rise to a view that was founded on attributing certain – supposedly distinctive – qualities to the Kabyle people (Algeria) and the Berber people in general (Algeria and Morocco). This became known as “the Kabyle (or Berber) myth” and was propagated both by North African nationalists and by the academic world in order to validate their accusations against the colonial powers of practicing a “divide and conquer” policy. What’s more, from the outset, the French and Spanish colonial governments, by empowering Arabic as an imperial and dominant language to the detriment of the peripheral and low prestige Berber languages, greatly contributed to the widespread acceptance of a further myth, i. e., North Africa was “Arab and Muslim”. These myths then became a key argument used by the post-colonial governments to deny the distinctiveness of the Kabyle people, and Berbers in general, hence justifying rejecting their demands for linguistic and cultural recognition. In recent years, however, the Berber people have reacted to these myths; we have witnessed the birth of a resistance movement, the uprising in Algeria (Kabylie) and the development of cultural pride and identity. Surprisingly, these events have caused us to reflect anew on the Berber myths of the colonial period.
Cannabis Regulation in Uruguay: An Innovative Law Facing Major Challenges
Authors: Walsh John , Ramsey Geoff
Published: May 2016

Uruguay, the first country to enact legislation to legalize and regulate every level of the market for cannabis, will be an important example globally for jurisdictions contemplating whether and how to liberalize drug policies. A combination of political leadership by former President José “Pepe” Mujica and public unease over rising criminality led Uruguay to pursue reforms to place the cannabis market under legal authority of the state, rather than in the hands of illegal groups. The new law, approved in December 2013, encompasses medical as well as adult use, or “recreational cannabis” for which it creates three distinct sources of legal access: home growing, social clubs, and commercial sales through pharmacies. While most Uruguayans remain skeptical of the new cannabis law, the “Broad Front” coalition responsible for passing the law in 2013 renewed its congressional majorities and retained the presidency in the country’s 2014 elections. The current government of President Tabaré Vazquez has stated its commitment to fully implementing the law, but is moving ahead cautiously, mindful of ongoing domestic and international criticisms. While the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) has castigated Uruguay for violating its international drug treaty obligations, Uruguay has argued that the country’s human rights obligations under international law take priority over drug control treaty requirements. Given the unprecedented nature of Uruguay’s new cannabis regime, successful implementation will require rigorous monitoring and evaluation and the flexibility to make revisions as problems emerge. Rigorous evaluation of Uruguay’s pioneering reforms can also provide important insights and knowledge for other jurisdictions that may wish to consider comparable regulatory approaches.
Inverse problem about two-spectra for finite Jacobi matrices
with zero diagonal
Authors: Huseynov Adil
Published: May 2016

The necessary and sufficient conditions for solvability of the inverse
problem about two-spectra for finite order real Jacobi matrices with zero-diagonal elements are established. An explicit procedure of reconstruction
of the matrix from the two-spectra is given.
Crystal structure of (2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)methanol, C12H15ClO3
Authors: Li Zhong-Yan , Yuan Lin , Zhang Min , Yuan Xian-You
Published: May 2016

C12H15ClO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.0231(14) Å, b = 10.7318(16) Å, c = 11.2419(17) Å, β = 106.637(7)°, V = 1158.6(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0493, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1879, T = 296(2) K.
Starred cosmopolitanism: Celebrity chefs, documentaries, and the circulation of global desire
Authors: Parasecoli Fabio
Published: May 2016

Several documentaries about celebrity chefs were released between 2010 and 2012, building on trends that have turned knowledge of and access to fine dining restaurants into a crucial arena for globalized elite’s construction of social status and cultural capital. The analysis of three of these films – Three Stars, Jiro Dreams of Sushi, and Step up to Your Plate – indicates how media contribute to the formation of a global canon of practices, performances, and discourses that naturalize the accomplished, knowledgeable, and male chef trained in established and prestigious food traditions as the culinary ideal.
Patients’ perception of differences in general practitioners’ attitudes toward immigrants compared to the general population: Qualicopc Slovenia
Authors: Jakič Maja , Rotar Pavlič Danica
Published: May 2016

Introduction

Globally, the number of immigrants is rising every year, so that the number of immigrants worldwide is estimated at 200 million. In Slovenia, immigrants comprise 6.5% of the overall population. Immigrants bring along to a foreign country their cultural differences and these differences can affect immigrants’ overall health status and lead to chronic health conditions. The aim of this study was to identify patients’ perception of general practitioners’ (GPs’) attitudes toward immigrants in Slovenia.

Methods

This study was based on the Qualicopc questionnaire. We used the questions that targeted patients’ experience with the appointment at their GP on the day that the study was carried out.

Results

There were no differences in GPs’ accessibility based on groups included in our study (p>0.05). Compared to the non-immigrant population, first-generation immigrants answered that their GPs were impolite (p=0.018) and that they did not take enough time for them (p=0.038). In addition, they also experienced more difficulties understanding their GP’s instructions (p<0.001). Second-generation immigrants experienced more negative behaviour from GPs, and first-generation immigrants had more difficulties understanding GPs’ instructions.

Conclusion

There may be some differences in patients’ perception of GPs’ attitudes towards immigrants in comparison with the general Slovenian population. However, based on the perception of the immigrants that do benefit from the medical care it is not possible to judge the GPs’ attitudes towards immigrants as worse compared to their attitude towards the non-immigrant population. Indeed, there may be other reasons why the patients answered the way they did.
Analysis of expired medications in Serbian households
Authors: Paut Kusturica Milica , Tomas Ana , Tomic Zdenko , Bukumiric Dragica , Corac Aleksandar , Horvat Olga , Sabo Ana
Published: May 2016

Introduction

An ongoing issue of expired medications accumulating in some households is a universal problem around the world. The aim of the study was to investigate the extent and structure of expired medications in Serbian households, and to determine which therapeutic groups generated the most waste.

Methods

This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in households in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The study had been performed over 8 month period (December 2011 - July 2012) and it consisted of personal insights into the medication inventory in households.

Results

Of 1008 families, 383 agreed to participate and complete the questionnaire (38.3% response rate). In almost a half of households (44.4%), expired medications were maintained. The amount of expired medications was 402 items, corresponding to 9.2% of total medications presented in surveyed households. The majority of expired medications (64.7%) was in solid dosage (tablets, capsules, granules, lozenges), following semisolid (ointments, creams, gel, suppositories) and liquid dosage forms (drops, syrups). Expired medications in the households belonged mostly to 3 categories: antimicrobials for systemic use (16.7%), dermatological preparation (15.9%) and medications for alimentary tract and metabolism (14.2%).

Conclusions

This study revealed that there were relatively large quantities of expired medications in Serbian households, with a high prevalence of antibiotics for systemic use, anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products, and medications for alimentary tract and metabolism.
Prevalence of violence towards nursing staff in Slovenian nursing homes
Authors: Gabrovec Branko , Eržen Ivan
Published: May 2016

Introduction

The purpose of this research was to identify the prevalence of violence towards nursing staff in Slovenian nursing homes.

Methods

For the purpose of this study, a non-experimental sampling method was employed, using a structured questionnaire as a data collection instrument (n=527). The contents of the questionnaire proved valid and reliable, with a high enough degree of internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha minimum 0.82).

Results

The nursing staffs working in nursing homes for senior citizens are at high risk of violence. In the last year, the employees were most often faced with verbal violence (71.7%), physical violence (63.8%) and sexual violence (35.5%). 35.5% of employees suffered injuries at their working place. During aggressive outbursts of nursing home residents, employees particularly experience vulnerability, fear and insecurity.

Conclusion

There is a need for a comprehensive approach to tackle workplace violence. Some psychiatric health care facilities have already introduced certain measures in this field, and reduction of workplace violence proves that it is possible to reduce aggressive outbursts of patients. After conducting further quantitative research, which would expose detailed characteristics and the background of such violence, it would be sensible to develop similar measures in the field of health care in nursing homes.
Primary care for the Roma in Europe: Position paper of the European forum for primary care
Authors: de Graaf Pim , Rotar Pavlič Danica , Zelko Erika , Vintges Marga , Willems Sara , Hanssens Lise
Published: May 2016

Roma populations’ low health status and limited access to health services, including primary care, has been documented in many European countries, and warrants specific health policies and practices. A variety of experiences shows how primary care can adjust its practices to reduce the barriers to primary care for Roma populations.

At local level, establishing collaboration with Roma organisations helps primary care to improve mutual relations and quality of care. Mediation has proved to be an effective tool. Skills training of primary care practitioners may enhance their individual competences. Research and international sharing of experiences are further tools to improve primary care for the Roma people.
Does Concurrent Training Intensity Distribution Matter?
Authors: Varela-Sanz Adrián , Tuimil José L. , Abreu Laurinda , Boullosa Daniel A.
Published: May 2016

Varela-Sanz, A, Tuimil, JL, Abreu, L, and Boullosa, DA. Does concurrent training intensity distribution matter? J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 181–195, 2017—Previous research has demonstrated the influence of intensity distribution on endurance training adaptations. However, no study has addressed the influence of intensity distribution on the effectiveness of concurrent training (CT). The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of 2 CT programs with different training intensity distribution and externally equated loads on physical fitness. Thirty-one sport science students volunteered and were evaluated for resting heart rate variability (HRV), countermovement jump, bench press, half squat, and maximum aerobic speed (MAS). All were randomly distributed into either a traditional-based training group (TT; n = 11; 65–75% of MAS, combined with 10–12 repetition maximum [RM]), polarized training group (PT; n = 10; 35–40% and 120% of MAS, combined with 5RM and 15RM), or control group (CG; n = 10). After 8 weeks of training (3 days.week−1), TT and PT exhibited similar improvements in MAS, bench press, and half squat performances. No differences were observed between TT and PT groups for perceived loads. There were no changes in HRV for any group, although TT exhibited a reduction in resting heart rate. Compared with other groups, the PT group maintained jump capacity with an increment in body mass and body mass index without changes in body fatness. In conclusion, PT induced similar improvements in physical fitness of physically active individuals when compared with TT. However, PT produced a lower interference for jumping capacity despite an increment in body mass, whereas TT induced greater bradycardia. Extended studies with different intensity distributions should be conducted to better determine the dose-response of CT in various populations.
High density of REC8 constrains sister chromatid axes and prevents illegitimate synaptonemal complex formation
Authors: Agostinho Ana , Manneberg Otto , van Schendel Robin , Hernández‐Hernández Abrahan , Kouznetsova Anna , Blom Hans , Brismar Hjalmar , Höög Christer
Published: May 2016

During meiosis, cohesin complexes mediate sister chromatid cohesion (SCC), synaptonemal complex (SC) assembly and synapsis. Here, using super‐resolution microscopy, we imaged sister chromatid axes in mouse meiocytes that have normal or reduced levels of cohesin complexes, assessing the relationship between localization of cohesin complexes, SCC and SC formation. We show that REC8 foci are separated from each other by a distance smaller than 15% of the total chromosome axis length in wild‐type meiocytes. Reduced levels of cohesin complexes result in a local separation of sister chromatid axial elements (LSAEs), as well as illegitimate SC formation at these sites. REC8 but not RAD21 or RAD21L cohesin complexes flank sites of LSAEs, whereas RAD21 and RAD21L appear predominantly along the separated sister‐chromatid axes. Based on these observations and a quantitative distribution analysis of REC8 along sister chromatid axes, we propose that the high density of randomly distributed REC8 cohesin complexes promotes SCC and prevents illegitimate SC formation.
Aprender a emprender con código
Authors: Dehter Mario
Published: May 2016

En este artículo de reflexión, se analiza cómo la formación académica que se imparte en las facultades de ingeniería en la mayoría de las universidades iberoamericanas es monodisciplinar, es decir, especializada en alguna rama tecnológica, descuidando el aprendizaje de habilidades sociales que forman la base del talento para el liderazgo, los espíritus visionarios e innovadores y las actitudes y aptitudes que permiten hacer buenos negocios. Si bien educar para el emprendimiento es un tema instalado en toda la comunidad educativa a través de todos los niveles de enseñanza, esto no significa que se deba dejar de lado la reflexión académica entre enseñar a y aprender a emprender. Algunas propuestas son expuestas con el fin de mejorar la situación de la educación emprendedora en los programas de ingeniería y se sintetizan conceptos tales como open source learning, flipped classroom y entorno personal de aprendizaje (ple). Se propone una renovación de estrategias didácticas para aplicar en las aulas de ingeniería los componentes del aprendizaje emprendedor con código abierto. Así, los docentes deben afrontar los riesgos implícitos en los desafíos con el fin de crear diseños instruccionales en los cuales los estudiantes aprendan y emprendan a través de sus propios intereses.
Programa Regional de Emprendedorismo e Innovación en Ingeniería: una experiencia colaborativa para la promoción de la empresarialidad en carreras de Ingeniería
Authors: Braidot Néstor , Cesar Ruben , González Victoria
Published: May 2016

El artículo  es un reporte de caso del Programa Regional de Emprendedorismo e Innovación en Ingeniería (PRECITyE), del cual formaron parte instituciones representativas en la formación de ingenieros de Argentina (CONFENDI), Chile (CONFENDI), Brasil (ABENGE) y Uruguay (ANII). Aquí se exponen los aspectos relevantes de este programa, el cual contó con el apoyo de los organismos responsables de la educación superior de los países citados y del “Programa Bienes Públicos Regionales” del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. Comenzando con un análisis de contexto y vinculándolo con las políticas del CONFENDI (Consejo Federal de Decanos de Ingeniería de la República Argentina), se realizó una descripción de los sucesos que permitieron un desarrollo inédito, tanto por sus alcances y su lógica distribuida, como también por la participación de los profesores de los cuatro países en la determinación de los parámetros críticos de las diferentes actividades y producidos. Se detallan los fundamentos teóricos del campo de la educación para la empresarialidad o educación emprendedora, los cuales oficiaron de guía para el diseño del programa y la definición de sus actividades. En un último apartado, se describen sintéticamente los productos generados que, por su propia génesis, devinieron en bienes de uso público. Se concluye con la necesidad de abordar los complejos procesos de mejoramiento continuo de la enseñanza de la ingeniería a través de esquemas colaborativos entre instituciones representativas, que agrupen las unidades académicas formadoras de ingenieros.
Las cadenas productivas como fuente de oportunidades para emprendedores en el medio rural
Authors: Campero Esteban
Published: May 2016

Este artículo de reflexión no derivado de investigación analiza cómo los programas de apoyo a emprendedores adquieren cada vez más importancia para Gobiernos, universidades y organizaciones, partiendo de la existencia de una correlación positiva entre crecimiento económico y creación de empresas. El campo y los agronegocios son un área muy competitiva en muchos países de Sudamérica, los cuales no suelen contar con un abordaje particular en materia emprendedora, teniendo en cuenta las características diferenciadoras del medio rural. Aquí se analiza cómo las cadenas productivas locales son una importante fuente de oportunidades para emprendedores que merecen un abordaje más acabado ya que permiten que las acciones de fortalecimiento del sector productivo no sean aisladas y, por lo tanto, mejoren sus oportunidades de éxito u optimicen su efecto. Si bien es el emprendedor el que identifica las oportunidades, las cadenas pueden ser un buen espacio para hacerlo y los programas de apoyo deberán prestarle especial atención. La importancia de las cadenas productivas a un proceso de desarrollo emprendedor radica, entre otras razones, en que permite conocer cada dimensión de la actividad económica de las localidades e identificar oportunidades a partir de estas.
Ideas y oportunidades para emprender a partir de las cadenas de valor
Authors: Libera María Eugenia , Belmonte Juan
Published: May 2016

Este artículo de investigación es producto del proyecto Plan Estratégico de Buenos Aires (PEBBA 2020), el cual consiste en una propuesta de trabajo con empresarios locales y emprendedores con el propósito de que, a partir de ideas y oportunidades de negocios detectadas en las cadenas de valor de sectores productivos estratégicos, se formulen y presenten ideas-proyectos que respondan a esas necesidades y demandas tecnológicas. En este artículo se describe uno de sus proyectos: “Ciclo unidea: Ideas y Oportunidades para Emprender”. El objetivo perseguido con el proyecto fue lograr que los participantes (emprendedores y jóvenes empresarios) formularan proyectos que ayudaran a canalizar estas demandas ya que representaban valiosas oportunidades de negocios. La metodología consistió en involucrar a empresarios de distintos sectores productivos de la ciudad, los cuales presentaron las demandas y necesidades observadas en sus empresas, mientras que especialistas en el estudio y análisis del ámbito productivo local detallan las características de las cadenas de valor. El resultado más representativo es que los empresarios y emprendedores participantes están mostrando un interés por afianzar un modo de construcción de un espacio focalizado en la innovación. Palabras clave: cadenas de valor, capital social, desarrollo local, emprendedores, innovación.
Correlación entre los niveles de fosfatasa alcalina salival y la profundidad de la bolsa periodontal
Authors: J. Acuña Miguel , Celia Armando , Cuzziol R Fernando , Juárez Rolando
Published: May 2016

Introducción: las enzimas salivales del huésped se han propuesto como biomarcadores de diagnóstico del estado periodontal. La concentración de la fosfatasa alcalina salival (FAL) se ha asociado con la enfermedad periodontal (EP). Objetivo: el propósito  de este estudio fue determinar la posible relación entre los niveles de FAL en la saliva y las profundidades de sondaje. Materiales y Métodos: un total de 90 pacientes, sistémicamente sanos y con periodontitis, se dividieron en dos grupos: G1, 45 pacientes con bolsas periodontales de 4-5 mm de profundidad y G2, 45 pacientes con 6 o más mm de profundidad. Los niveles de ALP (UI/l) en la saliva se evaluaron mediante un espectrofotómetro a 520 nm. Resultados: la concentración media de ALP salival fue mayor en el G1 en comparación con el G2 (p > 0,05). La prueba de correlación de Pearson mostró relación significativa entre las concentraciones de ALP salival y la profundidad de sondaje (p > 0,05). Conclusión: las determinaciones de ALP salival pueden llegar a ser prácticas y fiables para la detección de la actividad y gravedad de la EP.
Perfil epidemiológico de la oclusión estática y hábitos orales en un grupo de escolares de la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Meneses-Gómez Edwin J. , Vivares-Builes Annie M. , Rodríguez Myriam Janeth
Published: May 2016

Introducción: ciertas características oclusales se pueden asociar con trastornos a nivel de la articulación temporomandibular, alteraciones de la estética y funciones del sistema estomatognático; pueden aparecer en cualquier etapa del desarrollo dental y están relacionados con diversos factores que incluyen la herencia y factores ambientales como los hábitos. Objetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico de la oclusión dental estática y algunos hábitos orales de un grupo de escolares en la ciudad de Medellín. Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en una muestra a conveniencia de 420 escolares; se evaluaron en el plano vertical: la sobremordida vertical, mordida borde a borde y mordida abierta anterior. Transversal: mordida cruzada posterior y mordida en tijera y en el plano sagital mordida cruzada anterior, sobremordida horizontal y las relaciones molares y caninas permanentes según la clasificación de Angle. Se evaluaron hábitos como la onicofagia, succión digital y queilofagia. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 8,7 años (±1,8); 50,2% (211) eran mujeres; el 26,4% (111) y el 24,5% (103) presentaron relación canina clase I derecha e izquierda respectivamente; 63,6% (267) relación molar Clase I derecha y 61,2% (257) izquierda. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el análisis segmentado por sexos para las variables. La mordida cruzada posterior se relaciona posiblemente y de manera significativa con el hábito de succión digital (p = 0,010).  Conclusiones: los estudios de oclusión dinámica son difíciles de analizar comparativamente dada la variabilidad en la metodología y el control de las variables confusoras y las edades de los sujetos.
Investigating the Reasons behind the Increase in Medical Negligence Claims
Authors: Pienaar Letitia
Published: May 2016

Medical negligence claims have increased significantly over the last number of years. The trend is still ongoing and concerns have been raised about the impact of this increase on the medical industry. Medical practitioners are increasingly practising defensive medicine in an attempt to limit the risk of medical negligence claims being instituted against them. Medical negligence claims are instituted for a number of reasons, such as lack of communication between doctor and patient. Birth-related claims are instituted most frequently.

This contribution investigates the possible reasons behind the increase in both the value and the number of medical negligence claims. The focus falls especially on the increase in the number of claims. The contribution considers a decline in the level of professionalism amongst medical practitioners as one reason behind the increase, followed by the possibility that lawyers may be responsible for the increase in claims. In addition, it is pointed out that patients are simply becoming more aware of their rights.

The contribution further focuses on patient-centred legislation and pronouncements by courts that bolster patient autonomy and place patients in an ever stronger position to enforce their rights. Relevant provisions of the Constitution, the National Health Act, the Consumer Protection Act and the Children's Act are singled out for discussion, followed by a brief discussion of case law in line with themes identified in the aforementioned legislation.

The contribution submits that the increase in medical negligence claims should not come as a surprise, considering the high regard that our courts had for patient autonomy even before the enactment of the 1996 Constitution. The Constitution and the above legislation now contain specific rights that patients, including child patients, can enforce. The best interests of the child principle embodied in both the Constitution and the Children's Act is very prominent in the medical context and impacts on the medical practitioner's responsibilities towards a child patient. The Constitutional Court relied on this principle in its recent judgment to the effect that claims for wrongful life (brought by a child with a disability), may possibly have a place in our law. If the claim for wrongful life is eventually confirmed, we will no doubt see a further increase in medical negligence claims.

 Patient-centred legislation and pronouncements by our courts that constantly reiterate the importance of patient rights arguably create very fertile ground for medical negligence claims. These are, as the contribution concludes, merely contributing factors to the phenomenon under investigation.
The International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters: Finalization, Adoption and Law of the Sea Implications
Authors: Jensen Øystein
Published: May 2016

The most recent instrument specifically designed to make navigation in polar waters safer and more environmentally friendly is the International Maritime Organization’s long-awaited “International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters” – the Polar Code. This article first briefly examines the legislative history of the Code, with emphasis on the final and consolidating phase of development. Second, an account is provided of the main contents of the Code as regards its regulations on safety measures and pollution prevention. Finally, the analysis places the new framework in the broader context of international law, including an examination of the Polar Code’s relationship to specific provisions and legislative arrangements of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.(Published: May 2016)Citation: Ø. Jensen. “The International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters: Finalization, Adoption and Law of the Sea Implications.” Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2016, pp. 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/arctic.v7.236
High North, Low Politics—Maritime Cooperation with Russia in the Arctic
Authors: Østhagen Andreas
Published: May 2016

Maritime activity is increasing in the Arctic. So is bilateral cooperation across maritime borders between coast guards intent on protecting natural resources, saving lives and assisting navigation. As tensions rose between Russia and the West in 2014, due to the conflict in Ukraine, coast guard cooperation in the Bering and Barents Seas was unaffected. Why? How did the respective bilateral cooperative structures between Norway/the United States and Russia develop, and why were they deemed “too vital to cancel” in the aftermath of events in Ukraine? This article examines how the respective states have developed cooperative regimes since the 1970s, and subsequently how these regimes have come to constitute the backbone of bilateral management of these vast and invaluable maritime domains. The argument made is that the specific character of coast guards and their role as stewards of the sea separate them from other military structures, making bilateral cooperation not only valuable, but indispensable, to the management of the states’ maritime sovereignty.(Published: May 2016)Citation: A. Østhagen. “High North, Low Politics—Maritime Cooperation with Russia in the Arctic.” Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2016, pp. 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/arctic.v7.255
Hybrid Texts, Assembled Bodies: Michel Gondry's Merging of Camera and Dancer in "Let Forever Be"
Authors: Tsai Addie
Published: May 2016

Michel Gondry, a filmmaker who created and directed music videos for Propaganda Films, which produced close to a third of all music videos by 1990, began his career in music video and film during this time, where he experimented with collaging postmodern and commercial filmmaking. In 1936, cultural critic and German philosopher Walter Benjamin argued that art fundamentally changes in the age of mechanical reproduction, creating questions of authenticity and aura. This article argues that Gondry’s video “Let Forever Be,” for The Chemical Brothers, illustrates Benjamin’s argument not only in that the digital video itself artificially reproduces the bodies embedded within it, but also in Gondry’s employment of collage, special effects, and camera-enabled illusions in order to create a simulated and dream-like world.
Screendance: Learning, Teaching, Living
Authors: Bench Harmony , Bahling Jason , Estabrook Ben , Gotter Natalie , Nordstrom Eric , Maynard Ellen
Published: May 2016

A conversation about screendance training in U.S. universities with Jason Bahling, Natalie Gotter, Ben Estabrook, Eric Nordstrom, and Ellen Maynard
Gene Therapy and Modification as a Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer
Authors: Chaudhry Ahsen Tahir , Akhtar Daud
Published: May 2016

Gene therapy is an exciting new field of personalized medicine, allowing for medical procedures that can target diseases such as cancer in novel ways. Technologies that involve gene transfer treatments allow for the insertion of foreign DNA into tumour cells, resulting in restored protein expression or altered function. Gene therapy can also be used as a form of immunotherapy, either by modifying cancer cells to make them better targeted by the immune system, or by modifying the body’s immune cells to make them more ag­gressive towards tumours. Additionally, oncolytic virotherapy uses classes of genetically modified viruses that can specifically target and interfere with tumour cells. The ongoing development of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool may also have promise in future therapeutic applications, with the tool being capable of removing cancer-causing, latent viral infections, such as HPV, from afflicted cells. Nonetheless, there are still many questions of safety, efficacy, and commercial viability which remain to be resolved with many gene therapy procedures. There is also emerging controversy over the ethical, legal, and moral implications that modifying the genetic content of human beings will have on society. These concerns must be confronted and addressed if the benefits promised by gene therapy are to be properly realized. La thérapie génétique est un nouveau domaine d’étude médicale personnalisée qui permet de cibler des maladies spécifiques comme le cancer de façon innovatrice. Cette thérapie utilise le transfert de gènes avec une insertion d’ADN étrangère dans les cellules can­céreuses dans le but de restaurer l’expression des protéines et de retrouver la fonction cellulaire. La thérapie génétique peut aussi être utilisée comme une forme d’immunothérapie, soit en modifiant les cellules cancéreuses pour qu’elles soient mieux ciblées par le système immunitaire ou en modifiant les cellules immunitaires du corps pour les rendre plus agressives envers les tumeurs. De plus, une virothérapie oncolytique utilise des virus génétiquement modifiés qui peuvent cibler spécifiquement et interférer avec des cellules cancéreuses. Le développement du système d’édition génétique CRISPR/Cas9 s’avère prometteur pour les applications thérapeutiques futures. Cet outil est capable d’enlever les infections virales latentes dans les cellules affectées qui peuvent causer le cancer, tel que l’HPV. Malgré ces découvertes, plusieurs questions importantes demeurent quant à la sécurité et à l’efficacité de leur application. Il s’agit d’un domaine controversé avec des implications éthiques, légales, et morales, car le tout implique une modification du contenu génétique humain. Ces inquiétudes doivent être adressées afin de pouvoir continuer à explorer les bienfaits de cette thérapie géné­tique. En poursuivant la recherche dans ce domaine, il serait possible de valider cette thérapie et optimiser ses bienfaits.
Análise de cocitação de autores: uma aplicação em estudos de indexação
Authors: Piovezan Luciana Beatriz , Fujita Mariângela Spotti Lopes
Published: May 2016

Neste artigo se apresenta a avaliação da indexação, enquanto ferramenta que permite a melhoria contínua dos sistemas de informação por meio do aperfeiçoamento da indexação de assuntos. Surge, assim, a necessidade de situar os estudos de avaliação da indexação, localizando seu núcleo de pesquisadores e correntes ideológicas. Buscou-se identificar a produção brasileira no tema “avaliação da indexação” e realizar análise de cocitação de autores de modo a compreender a interlocução entre os pesquisadores inseridos nessa temática. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo teórico sobre indexação e avaliação do processo de indexação e pesquisa bibliométrica por meio de estudo de colaboração científica apoiado pela análise de cocitação de autores. Descobriu-se que há um interesse crescente pela temática em Ciência da Informação. A Análise de Redes Sociais permitiu visualizar a presença das três principais correntes do tratamento temático da informação influenciando a literatura brasileira da área, destacando-se os nomes Lancaster e Chaumier
E-books didáticos nos ambientes de aprendizagem em rede
Authors: Rodrigues Charles , Perassi Richard , De Nardi Bárbara Zardo , Fialho Francisco Antonio Pereira
Published: May 2016

Apresenta-se um estudo sobre a relação entre os e-books e o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) suportado por dispositivos eletrônicos conectados à Internet. Objetiva-se evidenciar as possibilidades e vantagens que justificam o interesse pelo uso de e-books como parte dos investimentos nos processos educativos em ambientes de aprendizagem em rede. Como metodologia, fez-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório com viés qualitativo. Como possibilidades e vantagens do uso de e-books didáticos, elencaram-se: a adaptação ou a personalização de processos interativos e conteúdos, conforme as características individuais do estudante; a amplitude no tempo e no espaço da comunicação e da interação entre estudantes e outros envolvidos; a eficiência e a agilidade na gestão do processo educativo; e a redução dos custos pessoais, financeiros e ambientais. Porém, para isso, depende-se do atendimento às necessidades de infraestrutura física e lógica, isto é, Internet de banda larga, rede de energia, mobiliários e equipamentos adequados.
Avaliação do impacto do treinamento sob a perspectiva da competência informacional: o caso do Portal de Periódicos da Capes
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Gomes , Cendón Beatriz Valadares
Published: May 2016

Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o impacto dos treinamentos para o uso do Portal de Periódicos da Capes no nível da competência informacional. A metodologia foi qualitativa e a amostra da pesquisa foi formada, na primeira etapa – teste pré-treinamento, por 14 alunos matriculados nos treinamentos de uso do Portal de Periódicos da Capes oferecidos à comunidade da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Após o teste pré-treinamento, os estudantes passaram por uma sessão de instrução. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa – teste pós-treinamento e entrevistas, participaram sete dos 14 alunos presentes na etapa inicial. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação com gravação da tela do computador no teste pré- treinamento e observação com a respectiva gravação de tela e entrevista no póstreinamento, que ocorreu duas semanas após a primeira etapa. Os dados foram coletados e analisados com base no segundo padrão da norma da ACRL Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education. Conclui-se que a participação nas sessões de treinamentos influencia positivamente a obtenção e o desenvolvimento das competências informacionais.
Qual biblioteca universitária? Ações das bibliotecas universitárias mineiras e as necessidades informacionais de seus pesquisadores
Authors: Caetano Ana Carolina de Souza , Fernandes Geni Chaves
Published: May 2016

O artigo indaga sobre o atendimento das necessidades informacionais da pós-graduação e da pesquisa por bibliotecas universitárias, partindo da literatura recente do campo. Em um estudo investigativo em dez universidades federais mineiras, buscou-se mapear aspectos como: fontes de informação e seu acesso, atendimento da biblioteca, planejamento e ação da biblioteca. Os participantes foram estudantes e professores da pós-graduação e bibliotecários que atuam em três áreas do conhecimento. As análises dos resultados apontam a necessidade de uma política de informação para ciência e tecnologia, com destaque para o papel da biblioteca universitária em instituições federais. A sobrecarga de trabalho informacional por parte dos pesquisadores evidenciou a necessidade de uma Biblioteconomia à pesquisa. A capacitação dos bibliotecários, a constituição de infraestrutura para construção de repositórios institucionais acadêmicos, a elaboração de critérios para avaliação de bibliotecas acadêmicas, o desenvolvimento de coleções para pesquisa e pós-graduação, o planejamento de serviços, o auxílio na identificação e filtragem de recursos e a capacitação de usuários, o registro de políticas e meios de quantificação de seus efeitos, foram apurados como os principais caminhos para que a biblioteca universitária retome seu papel de coprodutora de conhecimento.
Revista Em Questão: uma análise da sua trajetória a partir dos critérios Qualis (2003-2012)
Authors: Oliveira Caroline , Santin Dirce Maria , Vanz Samile Andrea de Souza
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta a avaliação do desempenho da revista Em Questão com base nos critérios Qualis no período de 2003 a 2012. A metodologia é qualiquantitativa e o corpus da pesquisa foi composto por artigos, editoriais e expedientes publicados no período, além da análise geral dos fascículos. Os resultados revelam os esforços das equipes editoriais para qualificação da publicação no decorrer do tempo e indicam ajustes necessários para obtenção de estratos mais elevados nas avaliações futuras do Qualis Periódicos. A análise também forneceu insumos para a elaboração de um checklist de avaliação da adequação de revistas aos critérios Qualis da área Ciências Sociais Aplicadas I. O instrumento é apresentado ao final do artigo e pode orientar o trabalho de editores em relação aos itens de controle a serem seguidos para a qualificação das revistas dessa área.
Mídias sociais e comunicação científica: análise altmétrica em artigos de periódicos da ciência da informação
Authors: Araujo Ronaldo Ferreira
Published: May 2016

Este estudo discorre brevemente sobre as mídias sociais e a comunicação científica, situando o emergente campo da altmetria para análise dessa relação. Apresentam-se aqui os resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória que teve por objetivo a análise de métricas alternativas para 125 artigos de periódicos da Ciência da Informação Qualis A. No uso da ferramenta altmetric.com, 36% dos artigos retornaram dados altmétricos. Dentre as revistas, dá-se destaque para a Ciência da Informação, com 21 artigos e 297 dados altmétricos. Quanto às mídias, 92,43% dos dados vieram do Mendeley, contra 7,57% do Twitter, e nenhum registro do Facebook. Considera-se que a falta de padronização das revistas pode ser um dos fatores do reduzido quantitativo de artigos encontrado, e que parametrizações de Application Programming Interface – APIs de mídias como Facebook e Twitter – podem ser o caminho para contornar esse baixo desempenho. Os dados altmétricos indicam a atenção que os artigos recebem logo após a publicação e podem ser indícios de citações futuras.
A interdisciplinaridade na Ciência da Informação pela perspectiva da análise de citações
Authors: Moraes Marcos , Carelli Ana Esmeralda
Published: May 2016

Esta comunicação busca realizar um estudo das relações interdisciplinares que a Ciência da Informação (CI) mantém com outras áreas do conhecimento a partir da análise de citações de artigos publicados em três importantes periódicos nacionais da CI, Informação & Sociedade: Estudos, Transinformação e Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação A CI nasce num momento histórico onde o fazer ciência sofria modificações decisivas no que tange a integração de campos dos saberes científicos, em busca de soluções para problemas sociais até então inexistentes. Trata-se da interdisciplinaridade, um movimento integrador dos saberes. Assim, a CI surge com uma forte inclinação interdisciplinar, sendo que esse aspecto da área é alvo de diversos estudos, em âmbito nacional e internacional. Foram analisadas as listas de referências de todos os artigos publicados pelas revistas nos anos de 2011 e 2012. Cada referência foi classificada, de acordo com sua temática, segundo a tabela de áreas do conhecimento do CNPq. O resultado demonstrou que a CI recorre a aportes teóricos de muitas outras áreas do conhecimento, notadamente a Administração, Ciência da Computação, Educação e Sociologia, além da própria CI, que representou quase metade do total de referências analisadas. Além destas, muitas outras áreas foram utilizadas como respaldo teórico dos trabalhos publicados. Ainda que os resultados observados nesta pesquisa não possam ser conclusivos, a análise de citação se mostrou uma abordagem adequada para o estudo da interdisciplinaridade na área na medida em que aponta diversas áreas que colaboram com as pesquisas em CI.
Centros de memória no ambiente digital: em foco a análise de empresas públicas e privadas
Authors: Molina Letícia Gorri , Araki Cláudia
Published: May 2016

As empresas demonstram a importância da preservação da memória empresarial por meio de seus Centros de Memória, relatando sua trajetória e englobando a sociedade em sua história. Como objetivo geral, pretendeu-se demonstrar como as empresas brasileiras de diversos segmentos, públicas ou privadas, preservam sua memória empresarial em meio virtual. Para tanto, delimitou-se como objetivos específicos: a) analisar como estão estruturados os Centros de Memória Empresarial no ambiente virtual; b) verificar quais tipos de documentação são disponibilizados; c) discutir a importância que as empresas dão aos Centros de Memória Empresarial. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como documental, exploratória e qualitativa.. O universo foi composto por 16 portais brasileiros, escolhidos de forma intencional, possuindo em comum, Centros de Memória Digital. Como resultado, observou-se que os portais demonstram importância à preservação da memória de sua empresa, tornando as informações a respeito de sua história acessível para a sociedade. Evidencia-se que memória e arquivo caminham juntos, promovendo não somente a preservação da história da empresa, como também a da sociedade.
Thermodynamic and Theoretical Studies of the Imide Derivatives
Authors: Al-Amiery Ahmed , Obayes Hasan R. , Ali Mohammed S. , Alwan Ghadah H.
Published: May 2016

Based on DFT (density functional theory) using B3LYP/6-31G method, theoretical investigations applied to demonstrate the structural, electronic properties and stability of (N,Nˊ-(1,4-phenylene)bis(1,8-naphthalimide)) is more stable than the compound (N-(4-amino phenyl)1,8-naphthalimide) by (-1.2762 eV or -29.4299 Kcal.mol-1) depending on the values of HOMO, synthesis   reaction of imide is spontaneous and endothermic at temperature 275˚C according to the values of ∆rS, ∆rG and ∆rH.