bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mentalizacja w edukacji osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu głębokim
Authors: Kopeć Danuta
Published: January 2022

Pojęcie mentalizacji w obszarze naukowej refleksji pojawiło się stosunkowo niedawno. Jest ono konstruktem transdyscyplinarnym, a jego podstawową ramą interpretacyjną jest teoria przywiązania. Większość badaczy jest zadnia, że wymaga ono jednak dalszej konceptualizacji i empirycznej konkretyzacji. W artykule zostanie podjęta wstępna próba deskrypcji mentalizacji zachodzącej w relacjach pomiędzy pedagogiem specjalnym a osobą z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w rzeczywistości edukacyjnej. Zostanie w nim przedstawiona definicja metalizacji oraz jej wymiary: mentalizacja automatyczna i kontrolowana; mentalizacja poznawcza i afektywna: mentalizacja zorientowana na self oraz zorientowana na obiekt. W artykule zostaną scharakteryzowane przedmentalizacyjne tryby doświadczania rzeczywistości oraz wymiary mentalizacji dojrzałej. Podjęte zostaną również problemy zakłóceń w przebiegu metalizacji doświadczanych przez pedagoga specjalnego w kontakcie z osobą z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Egzemplifikacją zakłóceń jest m.in. traktowanie osoby z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną jako „ekranu” oraz przypinanie jej „tożsamości”. W kontekście zakłóceń w przebiegu mentalizowania zostaną przedstawione konsekwencje, jakie niesie dla osoby z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną przejście pedagoga specjalnego z trybu mentalizacji dojrzałej na przedmentalizacyjne tryby doświadczania rzeczywistości. W podsumowaniu przedstawione zostaną wnioski dotyczące ważności procesu mentalizowania w przebiegu procesu edukacji osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu głębokim.
Kardynał Stefan Wyszyński jako autorytet w wychowaniu młodzieży - wybrane wskazania
Authors: Ligęza Ewelina
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na to, w jaki sposób Stefan kardynał Wyszyński może stać się autorytetem dla współczesnej młodzieży. Aktualność nauczania Prymasa Tysiąclecia nadal może znaleźć odbiór i kształtować rozwój młodego człowieka, poprzez wspieranie jego wolności, odpowiedzialności oraz wiary. Dokonując życiowych wyborów, młodzież musi przestrzegać pewnych zasad, lecz dając sobie możliwość popełnienia błędu, gdyż to kształtuje jej tożsamość i sumienie. Każdy moment życia człowieka jest ważny, a w sposób szczególny ten, który wskazuje na wychowanie rodzinne, to wtedy bowiem kształtuje się szczególna więź między rodzicami a dziećmi. Dzięki prawidłowo stworzonej relacji w tym czasie nie będzie trzeba oddziaływać na młodych ludzi siłą, lecz wystarczy spokój i delikatność oraz dobroć serca.
Wybrane priorytety polityki edukacyjnej Polski i Republiki Czeskiej i ich implementacja w krajowych programach operacyjnych 2014-2020
Authors: Rudowska Anna
Published: January 2022

Polska i Republika Czeska od 2004 roku są Państwami Członkowskimi Unii Europejskiej (UE), od tego też czasu korzystają z funduszy unijnych, m.in. w celu wspierania realizacji polityki edukacyjnej. Celem artykułu jest prześledzenie krajowych dokumentów strategicznych ww. państw w poszukiwaniu priorytetów odnoszących się do kształcenia ogólnego, planowanych do współfinansowania z Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego (EFS) w krajowych programach operacyjnych perspektywy finansowej UE 2014–2020. Okazuje się, że Republika Czeska i Polska różnią się pod pewnymi względami – czeski model polityki edukacyjnej we wskazanym obszarze posiada m.in. silny rys socjalny (edukacja włączająca, równy dostęp do edukacji dla dzieci ze środowisk defaworyzowanych etc). Polska zaś koncentruje się na rozwijaniu pożądanych kompetencji, umiejętności i postaw u uczniów, a także wspieraniu talentów. Co więcej – ze wstępnych kierunków programowania perspektywy finansowej UE 2021–2027 wynika, że każdy z ww. krajów podąża odrębną drogą.
Ciało ludzkie a organizm zwierzęcia: ujęcie Hansa-Eduarda Hengstenberga
Authors: Kożuchowski Józef
Published: January 2022

W artykule zaprezentowano jeden z istotnych aspektów wizji cielesności zarysowanej oryginalnie w wielu odsłonach przez Hansa-Eduarda Hengstenberga, a mianowicie jej relacji do organizmu zwierzęcego. Wbrew aktualnie dominującej naturalistycznej tendencji niemiecki myśliciel ukazuje ciało człowieka jako jakościowo odmienne w stosunku do organizmu zwierzęcego, a nie tylko różniące się od niego pod względem ilościowym. Scharakteryzowano najpierw zasadę rzeczowości, która współdeterminuje ludzkie ciało i jego organy, sprawiając, że jest ono ze swej istoty zasadniczo inne niż zwierzęce. Człowiek ma ciało, a zwierzę jest tylko organizmem. Ciało to za sprawą uzdolnienia człowieka do aktów o charakterze rzeczowym (wyspecjalizowania w nich), zapodmiotowanych w duchu ludzkim, spełnia dwojakie funkcje: typowo biologiczne (właściwe dla świata zwierzęcego), a także o charakterze nieorganicznym. Cielesność ludzką należy więc rozpatrywać w sensie fizycznym oraz jako wyraz ducha. Swoje analizy na ten temat Hengstenberg rozwijał z pozycji fenomenologiczno-metafizycznych.

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Zgłoszono: 14/07/2021. Zrecenzowano: 22/09/2021. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 12/11/2021.
In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches for Screening the Potential of Anticancer
Agents: A Review
Authors: Mishra Rakhi , Mishra Prem Shankar , Varshney Shruti , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit
Published: January 2022

Background:

Anticancer drug development is a tedious process, requiring several in
vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. In order to avoid chemical toxicity in animals during an experiment,
it is necessary to envisage toxic doses of screened drugs in vivo at different concentrations.
Several in vitro and in vivo studies have been reported to discover the management of cancer.

Materials and Methods:

This study focused on bringing together a wide range of in vivo and in
vitro assay methods developed to evaluate each hallmark feature of cancer.

Result:

This review provides detailed information on target-based and cell-based screening of new
anticancer drugs in the molecular targeting period. This would help in inciting an alteration from
the preclinical screening of pragmatic compound-orientated to target-orientated drug selection.

Conclusion:

Selection methodologies for finding anticancer activity have importance for tumor-
specific agents. In this study, advanced rationalization of the cell-based assay is explored
along with broad applications of the cell-based methodologies considering other opportunities.
Repurposing FDA-approved Drugs Targeting SARS-CoV2 3CLpro: A
Study by Applying Virtual Screening, Molecular Dynamics, MM-PBSA
Calculations and Covalent Docking
Authors: Santos Nascimento Igor José dos , Aquino Thiago Mendonça de , Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira da
Published: January 2022

Background:

Since the end of 2019, the etiologic agent SAR-CoV-2 responsible for one of the
most significant epidemics in history has caused severe global economic, social, and health damages. The
drug repurposing approach and application of Structure-based Drug Discovery (SBDD) using in silico
techniques are increasingly frequent, leading to the identification of several molecules that may represent
promising potential.

Method:

In this context, here we use in silico methods of virtual screening (VS), pharmacophore modeling
(PM), and fragment-based drug design (FBDD), in addition to molecular dynamics (MD), molecular
mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM -PBSA) calculations, and covalent docking (CD) for the
identification of potential treatments against SARS-CoV-2. We initially validated the docking protocol
followed by VS in 1,613 FDA-approved drugs obtained from the ZINC database. Thus, we identified 15
top hits, of which three of them were selected for further simulations. In parallel, for the compounds with
a fit score value ≤ of 30, we performed the FBDD protocol, where we designed 12 compounds.

Result:

By applying a PM protocol in the ZINC database, we identified three promising drug candidates.
Then, the 9 top hits were evaluated in simulations of MD, MM-PBSA, and CD. Subsequently, MD
showed that all identified hits showed stability at the active site without significant changes in the protein's
structural integrity, as evidenced by the RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA graphics. They also showed interactions
with the catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) and other essential residues for activity (Glu166 and
Gln189) and high affinity for MM-PBSA, with possible covalent inhibition mechanism.

Conclution:

Finally, our protocol helped identify potential compounds wherein ZINC896717 (Zafirlukast),
ZINC1546066 (Erlotinib), and ZINC1554274 (Rilpivirine) were more promising and could be
explored in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials to prove their potential as antiviral agents.
Current Treatment Options for the Failing Fontan Circulation
Authors: Grotenhuis Heynric B. , Driesen Bart W. , Voskuil Michiel
Published: January 2022

The Fontan operation was introduced in 1968. For congenital malformations, where
biventricular repair is unsuitable, the Fontan procedure has provided a long-term palliation strategy
with improved outcomes compared to the initially developed procedures. Despite these improvements,
several complications merely due to a failing Fontan circulation, including myocardial dysfunction,
arrhythmias, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, protein-losing enteropathy, hepatic
dysfunction, plastic bronchitis, and thrombo-embolism, may occur, thereby limiting the life-expectancy
in this patient cohort. This review provides an overview of the most common complications
of Fontan circulation and the currently available treatment options.
Pyrazole Containing Anti-HIV Agents: An Update
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Gupta Shiv , Rani Varsha , Sharma Priyanka
Published: January 2022

Background:

Pyrazole scaffolds have gained importance in drug discovery and development for various pharmacological activities like antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, antidepressant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, etc. Additionally, the pyrazole moiety has shown potent anti-HIV activity as a core heterocycle or substituted heterocycles derivatives (mono, di, tri, tetra, and fused pyrazole derivatives). To assist the development of further potential anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole nucleus, here we have summarized pyrazole containing anti-HIV compounds that have been reported by researchers all over the world for the last two decades.

Objective:

Objective: The present review concentrates on an assortment of pyrazole containing compounds, particularly for potential therapeutic activity against HIV.

Methods:

Google Scholar, Pubmed, and SciFinder were searched databases with ‘‘pyrazol’’ keywords. Further, the year of publication and keywords ‘‘Anti-HIV’’ filter was applied to obtain relevant reported literature for anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole as a core or substituted derivatives.

Results:

This review article has shown the comprehensive compilation of 220 compounds containing pyrazole nucleus and possessing anti-HIV activity by sorting approximately 40 research articles from 2001 to date. 1-(4-Benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-7-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin- 3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (13), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (31), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4- fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (88), 3-cyanophenoxypyrazole derivative (130), and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methyl-5-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3- phenyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]isoxazole (178) were the most potent mono-, di-, tri-, tetrasubstituted, and fused pyrazole derivatives, respectively, which have shown potent anti-HIV activity among all the described derivatives as compared with standard anti-HIV drugs.

Conclusion:

This review article provides an overview of the potential therapeutic activity of pyrazole derivatives against HIV that will be helpful for designing pyrazole containing compounds for anti-HIV activity.
Insomnia, Fatigue, and Depression: Theoretical and Clinical Implications of a Self-reinforcing Feedback Loop in Cancer
Authors: Palagini Laura , Miniati Mario , Riemann Dieter , Zerbinati Luigi
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

Insomnia is emerging as a modifiable major risk factor for mental and physical problems, including cancer, and it may contribute to cancer-related fatigue and depression. Since both fatigue and depression may favor insomnia as well, we may hypothesize a self-reinforcing feedback loop among these factors in cancer.

Methods:

With the aim of discussing this hypothesis, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase electronic databases were searched for literature published according to the PRISMA method with several combinations of terms such as “insomnia” and “cancer” and “fatigue” and “depression”. On this basis, we conducted a narrative review about theoretical aspects of insomnia in the context of cancer and about its role in cancer-related fatigue and depression.

Results:

Twenty-one papers were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Insomnia is frequent in cancer, and it is associated with cancer-related comorbid conditions such as emotional distress, depressive symptoms, and cancer-related fatigue. The hyperactivation of stress and inflammatory systems, which sustain insomnia, may contribute to cancer-related depression and fatigue. A deleterious feedback loop may be created, and it may perpetuate not only insomnia but also these cancer-related comorbid conditions.

Conclusion:

Although the understanding of the causal relationship between insomnia/ depression/fatigue in individuals with cancer is limited, we may hypothesize that these symptoms can exacerbate and maintain each other. When insomnia is established in cancer, it may lead to a vicious cycle with fatigue and depression and may contribute to adverse cancer outcomes. Interventions targeting insomnia could provide a promising approach not only for insomnia but also for cancer-related symptoms among cancer patients.
Association between Type-D Personality and Affective (Anxiety, Depression, Post-traumatic Stress) Symptoms and Maladaptive Coping in Breast Cancer Patients: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Grassi Luigi , Caruso Rosangela , Murri Martino Belvederi , Fielding Richard , Lam Wendy , Sabato Silvana , De Padova Silvia , Nanni Maria Giulia , Bertelli Tatiana , Palagini Laura , Zerbinati Luigi
Published: January 2022

Background:

Type-D (distressed) personality has not been prospectively explored for its association with psychosocial distress symptoms in breast cancer patients.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that Type-D personality can be associated with psychosocial distress variables in cancer over a 2-point period (6 month-follow-up).

Aims:

The aim of the study was to analyze the role of Type-D personality in relation to anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, general distress, and maladaptive coping among cancer patients.

Methods:

145 breast cancer patients were assessed within 6 months from diagnosis (T0) and again 6 months later (T1). The Type-D personality Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Depression subscale (HAD-D), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) Anxiety subscale, the Distress Thermometer (DT), the Post-traumatic Symptoms (PTS) Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Mini Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC) Anxious Preoccupation and Hopelessness scales were individually administered at T0 and T1.

Results:

One-quarter of cancer patients met the criteria for Type-D personality, which was stable over the follow-up time. The two main constructs of Type-D personality, namely social inhibition (SI) and negative affectivity (NA), were related to anxiety, depression, PTS, BSI-general distress and maladaptive coping (Mini-MAC anxious preoccupation and hopelessness). In regression analysis, Type-D SI was the most significant factor associated with the above-mentioned psychosocial variables, both at T0 and T1.

Conclusion:

Likewise other medical disorders (especially cardiology), Type-D personality has been confirmed to be a construct significantly related to psychosocial distress conditions and maladaptive coping that are usually part of assessment and intervention in cancer care. More attention to personality issues is important in oncology.
Quality of Life of People with Cancer in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rohilla Kusum K. , Kalyani C Vasantha , Gupta Sweety , Gupta Amit , Gupta Manoj
Published: January 2022

Background:

The recent pandemic of COVID-19 caused havoc on the health system globally and raised a lot of questions and issues. Treatment for cancer is an emergency that cannot be taken back, particularly in an era of global pandemics. Cancer treatment mainly includes chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and palliative care, and because of the pandemic, all of these treatments are affected. The COVID-19 pandemic also had a potential effect on the quality of life and mental health of patients as well as health workers.

Objective:

This systematic review was intended to discuss the quality of life of people with cancer in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in India in the light of the best available facts.

Methods:

An extensive literature search was done on PubMed, Medline, Embase, Clinical Key and Google Scholar databases till 3rd Feb 2021. Out of 1455 research articles, 06 research articles were included in this systematic review.

Results:

The results showed that cancer treatment delivery was as per standard safety protocol and the best treatment decisions were made by scheduling and setting priority. Till data, no direct research was conducted on the Indian continent to assess the quality of life of cancer patients in the COVID-19 era. The effect on the quality of life of cancer patients is very large and needs to be explored more by further research. Issues to be discussed with health care administrators and policy makers further. The tele-oncology method of cancer care delivery to patients is another rational option which is applicable as well.

Conclusion:

This systematic review demonstrated up-to-date evidence regarding the quality of life of cancer patients in the COVID-19 era in India. No research has been done to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. Still, the area is unrevealed, but evidence from other global studies indicates an altered quality of life for cancer patients. To maintain quality of life, cancer physicians should make evidence-based decisions and incorporate multidisciplinary management into decision making.
Improving Classification Accuracy of Pulmonary Nodules using Simplified Deep Neural Network
Authors: Bhatt Shital D. , Soni Himanshu B.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Lung cancer is among the major causes of death in the world. Early detection of lung cancer is a major challenge. These encouraged the development of Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system.

Objectives:

We designed a CAD system for performance improvement in detecting and classifying pulmonary nodules. Though the system will not replace radiologists, it will be helpful to them in order to accurately diagnose lung cancer.

Methods:

The architecture comprises of two steps, among which in the first step CT scans are pre-processed and the candidates are extracted using the positive and negative annotations provided along with the LUNA16 dataset, and the second step consists of three different neural networks for classifying the pulmonary nodules obtained from the first step. The models in the second step consist of 2D-Convolutional Neural Network (2D-CNN), Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG-16) and simplified VGG-16, which independently classify pulmonary nodules.

Results:

The classification accuracies achieved for 2D-CNN, VGG-16 and simplified VGG-16 were 99.12%, 98.17% and 99.60%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The integration of deep learning techniques along with machine learning and image processing can serve as a good means of extracting pulmonary nodules and classifying them with improved accuracy. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the transfer learning concept will improve system performance. In addition, performance improves proper designing of the CAD system by considering the amount of dataset and the availability of computing power.
Time Series Prediction of Viable Embryo and Automatic Grading in IVF using Deep Learning
Authors: Vaidya Gargee , Chandrasekhar Shreya , Gajjar Ruchi , Gajjar Nagendra , Patel Deven , Banker Manish
Published: January 2022

Background:

The process of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) involves collecting multiple samples of mature eggs that are fertilized with sperms in the IVF laboratory. They are eventually graded, and the most viable embryo out of all the samples is selected for transfer in the mother’s womb for a healthy pregnancy. Currently, the process of grading and selecting the healthiest embryo is performed by visual morphology, and manual records are maintained by embryologists.

Objectives:

Maintaining manual records makes the process very tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone. The absence of a universal grading leads to high subjectivity and low success rate of pregnancy. To improve the chances of pregnancy, multiple embryos are transferred in the womb elevating the risk of multiple pregnancies. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based method to perform the automatic grading of the embryos using time series prediction with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN).

Methods:

CNN extracts the features of the images of embryos, and a sequence of such features is fed to LSTM for time series prediction, which gives the final grade.

Results:

Our model gave an ideal accuracy of 100% on training and validation. A comparison of obtained results is made with those obtained from a GRU model as well as other pre-trained models.

Conclusion:

The automated process is robust and eliminates subjectivity. The days-long hard work can now be replaced with our model, which gives the grading within 8 seconds with a GPU.
A Comprehensive Review on Wearable Health Monitoring Systems
Authors: Kher Rahul K. , Patel Dipak M.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the wearable healthcare monitoring systems proposed by the researchers to date. One of the earliest wearable recorders, named “a silicon locket for ECG monitoring”, was developed at the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, in 2003. Thus, the wearable health monitoring systems, started with the acquisition of a single signal/ parameter to the present generation smart and affordable multi-parameter recording/monitoring systems, have evolved manifolds in these two decades. Wearable systems have dramatically changed in terms of size, cost, functionality, and accuracy. The early-day wearable recorders were with limited functionalities against today’s systems, e.g., Apple’s iWatch which comprises abundant health monitoring features like heart rate monitoring, breathing app, accelerometers, smart walking/ activity monitoring, and alerts. Most of the present-day smartphones are not only capable of recording various health features like body temperature, heart rate, photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal, calory consumption, smart activity monitoring, stress measurement, etc. through different apps, but they also help the user to get monitored by a family physician via GSM or even internet of things (IoT). One of the latest, state-of-the-art real-time personal health monitoring systems, Wearable IoT-cloud-based health monitoring system (WISE), is a beautiful amalgamation of body area sensor network (BASN) and IoT framework for ubiquitous health monitoring. The future of wearable health monitoring systems will be far beyond the IoT and BASN.
Behavior of Fibrous Reinforced Concrete Splices
Authors: Rasheed Mereen H.F. , Agha Ayad Z.S. , Taha Bahman O.
Published: January 2022

Background:

The tangent of the relationship between bond stress and displacement (slip) is called the modulus of displacement and gives the basis for the theory. This theory is used to determine the stress distribution along the spliced reinforcement bars.

Objective:

This research presents a modification on the theory of the modulus of displacement to determine the stress distribution along the spliced reinforcement bond for fibrous reinforced concrete.

Methods:

1- General differential equations are derived for concrete stress, stress in reinforcement bars and bond stress between reinforcement bars and surrounding concrete.

2-The general solutions of these D.E. are determined and Excel data sheets are prepared to apply these solutions and determine the concrete, steel and bond stresses.

Results:

Excel data sheets are prepared to determine the concrete, steel and bond stresses. The stresses are determined along the bar splice length considering the effect of steel fiber content.

Conclusion:

The maximum concrete stress is obtained at center x=0 and minimum at . Maximum bond stress obtained at and minimum at the center. The maximum steel stress at and minimum at . The value of (σcmax) increased linearly with increasing of (ρ). The concrete stress increased nonlinearly with (ρ%) and linearly with ( fy) and (fc’). Also increasing of (k) and bar diameter have small effects. The value of bond stress decreased linearly with (Qf) and (ρ%).
Diaphragm Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Dysfunction in Lung Disease
Authors: Lux Sebastián , Ramos Daniel , Pinto Andrés , Schilling Sara , Salinas Mauricio
Published: January 2022

The diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle, and its function may be limited by acute and chronic diseases. A diaphragmatic ultrasound, which quantifies dysfunction through different approaches, is useful in evaluating work of breathing and diaphragm atrophy, predicting successful weaning, and diagnosing critically ill patients. This technique has been used to determine reduced diaphragmatic function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial diseases, while in those with COVID-19, diaphragmatic ultrasound has been used to predict weaning failure from mechanical ventilation.
Evaluation of Corneal Endothelium after Myopic Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) with Accelerated Cross-Linking (CXL) in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed Salah El-Din , Hassan Ebtesam E. , Abdelhalim Ahmed S.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

To study the effect of LASIK with accelerated CXL on corneal endothelium in myopic diabetic patients.

Methods:

A prospective comparative interventional case series study on 120 eyes of 60 myopic patients treated with LASIK with accelerated CXL. They were divided into two groups; group A included 60 eyes of diabetic patients, group B included 60 eyes of non-diabetic patients. Corneal endothelium was evaluated by specular microscope preoperatively and after 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Results:

The endothelial cells density (ECD) showed statistically significant changes after 3 and 6 months postoperatively (p-value <0.001) in group A while group B showed statistically significant changes after 3 months without significant change after 6 months (p-value= 0.103), both groups had improved to near preoperative levels, with no significant differences between them at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value = 0.219). Regarding pleomorphism, there was a significant change in group A during 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001) with no significant change in group B (p-value= 0.884), and in comparing both groups, there was a significant change at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001). Regarding polymegathism, there was a significant change in group A during 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001) with no significant change in group B after 3 (p-value= 0.178) and 6 (p-value= 0.866) months follow-up, and in comparing both groups, there was a significant change at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001).

Conclusion:

LASIK with accelerated CXL is safe on corneal endothelium in diabetic myopic patients but needs to follow up for a long period.
Study of the antibacterial properties of a composition based on chitosan obtained from dead bees Apis Mellifera
Authors: Khaydarova Kh. A. , Nurutdinova F. M. , Ikhtiyarova G. A. , Khaydarov A. A.
Published: January 2022

The article provides data on the development of a new thickening composition for printing cotton-lye fabric with antibacterial properties based on biodegradable polymers Chitosan synthesized from Apis Mellifera bee dead with CMC with addition of CMC and synthetic hydrolyzed acrylic emulsion. Studied the fungicidal properties of the developed mixed thickener for active dyes used in printing fabrics. As a result of observations, it was revealed that these new thickeners on the basis of exhibit pronounced antimicrobial activity in relation to the micelle fungus Aspergillus terreus. The optical density of the samples shows that these thickeners are resistant to mycelial fungi. Among thickeners, thickeners based on Uzhitan-?MS-HAE, Uzkhitan-CMS have the most pronounced bactericidal activity, and these thickeners are more stable, they can be used the next day and even on the second day for printing mixed fabrics.
effect of adding probiotic bacteria on bauxite waste mud
Authors: Hariyani Susi , Wattini Wattini , Zuraida Ida , Kurniawan Pramudya , Marini Lelly , Rianty Eva
Published: January 2022

Bauxite waste sludge is quite dangerous when polluted into the surrounding environment. The number is increasing with the higher mining production. The utilization is still not maximized hence it is unbalanced to the increasing number, and it is necessary to use on a large scale. Sub-grade soil could use a lot of bauxite waste sludge but in reality, this waste is unsafe to use and its characteristics are mud the requirements of bearing capacity according to the AASHTO and USCS Classification unfulfilled. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of probiotic bacteria in bauxite waste on its physical characteristics and pH value. This experimental research method develops test objects according to ASTM standards with the same weight of bauxite waste and variations in the number of probiotic bacteria, namely 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml, and 100 ml and the incubation time of bacteria is 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days, 35 days, and 42 days. The results showed that the test specimens with more bacteria and longer incubation times resulted in lower pH values and physical characteristics that fulfilled the requirements for sub-grade soil.
The knowledge outcome of students majoring in physical and health education during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences, Teaching Curricula in Physical Education, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan, Alghafary Nedal Ahmad , Qablan Subhi Ahmad ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Teaching Curricula in Physical Education, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge outcome of students majoring in physical and health education at Al-Balqa Applied University studying the principles of sports training, nutrition for athletes, and sports anatomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, where the curricula for the principles of sports training, the nutrition curriculum for athletes, and the sports anatomy curriculum were chosen, which were taught during the second semester of the academic year 2020/2021. In order to determine the degree of the knowledge outcome of the students, the study adopted the purposive sampling method in selecting the study sample. The students of physical and health education specialization at Al-Balqa Applied University were identified, where the sample consisted of 135 male and female students. The study concluded that the ratio of the total knowledge outcome to the knowledge outcome was at a moderate level with a percentage of 61.1, while it was low in the sports Anatomy curriculum 58.8. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the students of Princess Alia College, and the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between males and females in the nutrition and sports anatomy domain, while there were statistically significant differences in favor of males in the principles of sports training domain. This study increased the depth of understanding of knowledge outcome during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas other studies were performed in normal non-stressful situations.
Исследование влияния облучения ускоренными электронами на физические свойства полиэтилентерефталата
Authors: Шарапова В.А. , Каманцев И.С. , Швейкин В.П. , Иванов В.Ю. , Рябухин О.В.
Published: January 2022

The influence of irradiation with accelerated electrons (energy 8.5 MeV, dose 5 kGy) on the physical properties of medical devices made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by infrared (IR) spectroscopy was studied. The revealed post-radiation changes in the IR spectra can be used to justify the choice of the dose of irradiation of PET products with electrons during the radiation sterilization procedure.
Методика измерения потерь в направляемых линиях передачи в миллиметровом диапазоне частот
Authors: Князев Н.С. , Малкин А.И. , Чечеткин В.А.
Published: January 2022

An experimental method was developed to determine losses in microstrip and coplanar transmission lines for devices operating in the frequency range 77 - 81 GHz. The parameters of the scattering matrices are obtained using a vector network analyzer and frequency upconverters. The calculation of losses in waveguide-coplanar and coplanar-microstrip junctions is made.
Дважды отрицательные среды на основе антиферромагнитных полупроводников для терагерцевого диапазона частот
Authors: Гришин С.В. , Богомолова А.В. , Никитов С.А.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of the dispersion characteristics of electromagnetic waves (EMW) existing in a transversely magnetized antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductor with loss. An AFM semiconductor is an infinite bi-gyrotropic medium, the effective material parameters of which are twice negative in several frequency ranges. It was found that these frequency regions are in the terahertz range and there are four backward EMEs in them, two of which are TE waves, and the other two are TM waves.
Social Media Images as an Emerging Tool to Monitor Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health Guidelines: Content Analysis
Authors: Young Sean D , Zhang Qingpeng , Zeng Daniel Dajun , Zhan Yongcheng , Cumberland William
Published: January 2022

Background

Innovative surveillance methods are needed to assess adherence to COVID-19 recommendations, especially methods that can provide near real-time or highly geographically targeted data. Use of location-based social media image data (eg, Instagram images) is one possible approach that could be explored to address this problem.

Objective

We seek to evaluate whether publicly available near real-time social media images might be used to monitor COVID-19 health policy adherence.

Methods

We collected a sample of 43,487 Instagram images in New York from February 7 to April 11, 2020, from the following location hashtags: #Centralpark (n=20,937), #Brooklyn Bridge (n=14,875), and #Timesquare (n=7675). After manually reviewing images for accuracy, we counted and recorded the frequency of valid daily posts at each of these hashtag locations over time, as well as rated and counted whether the individuals in the pictures at these location hashtags were social distancing (ie, whether the individuals in the images appeared to be distanced from others vs next to or touching each other). We analyzed the number of images posted over time and the correlation between trends among hashtag locations.

Results

We found a statistically significant decline in the number of posts over time across all regions, with an approximate decline of 17% across each site (P<.001). We found a positive correlation between hashtags (#Centralpark and #Brooklynbridge: r=0.40; #BrooklynBridge and #Timesquare: r=0.41; and #Timesquare and #Centralpark: r=0.33; P<.001 for all correlations). The logistic regression analysis showed a mild statistically significant increase in the proportion of posts over time with people appearing to be social distancing at Central Park (P=.004) and Brooklyn Bridge (P=.02) but not for Times Square (P=.16).

Conclusions

Results suggest the potential of using location-based social media image data as a method for surveillance of COVID-19 health policy adherence. Future studies should further explore the implementation and ethical issues associated with this approach.
Association Between Mobile App Use and Caregivers’ Support System, Time Spent on Caregiving, and Perceived Well-being: Survey Study From a Large Employer
Authors: Ozluk Pelin , Cobb Rebecca , Hoots Alyson , Sylwestrzak Malgorzata
Published: January 2022

Background

Mobile technology to address caregiver needs has been on the rise. There is limited evidence of effectiveness of such technologies on caregiver experiences.

Objective

This study evaluates the effectiveness of ianacare, a mobile app, among employees of a large employer. ianacare mobilizes personal social circles to help with everyday tasks. Through the use of ianacare, we evaluate the associations between coordinating caregiving tasks among a caregiver’s personal support network and outcomes related to the caregiver’s support system, time use, perceived productivity, and perceived health and well-being. Caregiver tasks include tasks such as meal preparation, respite care, pet care, and transportation. Time use is the measure of a caregiver’s time spent on caregiving tasks and how much time they had to take off from work to attend planned or unplanned caregiving tasks.

Methods

We conducted 2 surveys to assess within-participant changes in outcomes for the unpaid, employed, caregivers after 6 weeks of using the mobile app (n=176) between March 30, 2020, and May 11, 2020. The surveys contained questions in three domains: the caregiver’s support system, time use and perceived productivity, and perceived health and well-being. The results of the linear probability models are presented below.

Results

App use was significantly associated with decreasing the probability of doing most caregiving tasks alone by 9.1% points (SE 0.04; P=.01) and increasing the probability of at least one person helping the primary caregiver by 8.0% points (SE 0.035; P=.02). App use was also associated with improving the time use of the primary caregiver who took significantly less time off work to attend to caregiving duties by 12.5% points (SE 0.04; P=.003) and decreased the probability of spending more than 30 hours weekly on caregiving by 9.1% points (SE 0.04; P=.02). Additional findings on the positive impact of the app included a decrease in the probability of reporting feeling overwhelmed by caregiving tasks by 12.5% points (SE 0.04; P=.003) and a decrease in the probability of reporting negative health effects by 6.8% points (SE 0.04; P=.07) because of caregiving. Although subjects reported that COVID-19 increased their stress attributed to caregiving and prevented them from requesting help for some caregiving tasks, using the app was still associated with improvements in receiving help and lessening of the negative effects of caregiving on the caregivers.

Conclusions

App use was associated with improvements in 7 of 11 caregiver outcomes across three main categories: their support system, time spent on caregiving, and perceived health and well-being. These findings provide encouraging evidence that the mobile app can significantly reduce caregiver burden by leveraging a caregiver’s support network despite the additional challenges brought by COVID-19 on caregivers.
Enabling Research and Clinical Use of Patient-Generated Health Data (the mindLAMP Platform): Digital Phenotyping Study
Authors: Vaidyam Aditya , Halamka John , Torous John
Published: January 2022

Background

There is a growing need for the integration of patient-generated health data (PGHD) into research and clinical care to enable personalized, preventive, and interactive care, but technical and organizational challenges, such as the lack of standards and easy-to-use tools, preclude the effective use of PGHD generated from consumer devices, such as smartphones and wearables.

Objective

This study outlines how we used mobile apps and semantic web standards such as HTTP 2.0, Representational State Transfer, JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), JSON Schema, Transport Layer Security (version 1.3), Advanced Encryption Standard-256, OpenAPI, HTML5, and Vega, in conjunction with patient and provider feedback to completely update a previous version of mindLAMP.

Methods

The Learn, Assess, Manage, and Prevent (LAMP) platform addresses the abovementioned challenges in enhancing clinical insight by supporting research, data analysis, and implementation efforts around PGHD as an open-source solution with freely accessible and shared code.

Results

With a simplified programming interface and novel data representation that captures additional metadata, the LAMP platform enables interoperability with existing Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources–based health care systems as well as consumer wearables and services such as Apple HealthKit and Google Fit. The companion Cortex data analysis and machine learning toolkit offer robust support for artificial intelligence, behavioral feature extraction, interactive visualizations, and high-performance data processing through parallelization and vectorization techniques.

Conclusions

The LAMP platform incorporates feedback from patients and clinicians alongside a standards-based approach to address these needs and functions across a wide range of use cases through its customizable and flexible components. These range from simple survey-based research to international consortiums capturing multimodal data to simple delivery of mindfulness exercises through personalized, just-in-time adaptive interventions.
Smartphone Apps for Vaping Cessation: Quality Assessment and Content Analysis
Authors: Sanchez Sherald , Kundu Anasua , Limanto Elizabeth , Selby Peter , Baskerville Neill Bruce , Chaiton Michael
Published: January 2022

Background

As the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, or vaping, continues to grow, particularly among young people, so does the need for research and interventions to address vaping.

Objective

This study examines the quality of free vaping cessation apps, their contents and features, popularity among users, and adherence to evidence-based principles.

Methods

A systematic search of existing apps for vaping cessation was conducted in December 2020. Eligible apps were free, in English, and included features specifically targeting vaping cessation. Each app included in the analysis was used daily for at least seven consecutive days, assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale, and rated by at least two authors (AK, EL, or SS) based on adherence to evidence-based practices. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates were computed to assess interrater reliability (excellent agreement; ICC 0.92; 95% CI 0.78-0.98).

Results

A total of 8 apps were included in the quality assessment and content analysis: 3 were developed specifically for vaping cessation and 5 focused on smoking cessation while also claiming to address vaping cessation. The mean of app quality total scores was 3.66 out of 5. Existing vaping cessation apps employ similar approaches to smoking cessation apps. However, they are very low in number and have limited features developed specifically for vaping cessation.

Conclusions

Given the lack of vaping cessation interventions at a time when they are urgently needed, smartphone apps are potentially valuable tools. Therefore, it is recommended that these apps apply evidence-based practices and undergo rigorous evaluations that can assess their quality, contents and features, and popularity among users. Through this process, we can improve our understanding of how apps can be effective in helping users quit vaping.
Social Media and Health Care (Part II): Narrative Review of Social Media Use by Patients (Preprint)
Authors: Farsi Deema , Martinez-Menchaca Hector R , Ahmed Mohammad , Farsi Nada
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

People are now connected in a borderless web-based world. The modern public, especially the younger generation, relies heavily on the internet as the main source of health-related information. In health care, patients can use social media for more tailored uses such as telemedicine, finding a provider, and for peer support.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this narrative review is to discuss how social media has been used in the health care industry from the perspective of patients and describe the main issues surrounding its use in health care.

METHODS

Between March and June 2020, a review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for English studies that were published since 2007 and discussed the use of social media in health care. In addition to only English publications that discussed the use of social media by patients, publications pertaining to ethical and legal considerations in the use of social media were included. The studies were then categorized as health information, telemedicine, finding a health care provider, peer support and sharing experiences, and influencing positive health behavior. In addition, two more sections were added to the review: issues pertaining to social media use in health care and ethical considerations.

RESULTS

Initially, 75 studies were included. As the study proceeded, more studies were included, and a total of 91 studies were reviewed, complemented by 1 textbook chapter and 13 web references. Approximately half of the studies were reviews. The first study was published in 2009, and the last was published in 2021, with more than half of the studies published in the last 5 years. The studies were mostly from the United States (n=40), followed by Europe (n=13), and the least from India (n=1). WhatsApp or WeChat was the most investigated social media platform.

CONCLUSIONS

Social media can be used by the public and patients to improve their health and knowledge. However, due diligence must be practiced to assess the credibility of the information obtained and its source. Health care providers, patients, and the public need not forget the risks associated with the use of social media. The limitations and shortcomings of the use of social media by patients should be understood.