bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevention and Curation of DSS-induced IBD in Mice With Bacillus Subtilis Fermented Milk via Inhibition of the Inflammatory Responses and Regulation of the Intestinal Flora
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Tong Yanjun , Lyu Xiaomei , Wang Jin , Wang Yuxue , Yang Ruijin
Published: November 2020

Background: The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) might be related to the local inflammatory damage and the dysbacteriosis of intestinal flora. Probiotics can regulate the intestinal flora and ameliorate IBD. The probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain B. subtilis JNFE0126 was used as the starter of fermented milk. However, the therapeutic effects of B. subtilis fermented milk on IBD remains to be explored.Methods：The therapeutic effect of the B. subtilis fermented milk on DSS-induced IBD model mice was evaluated. The disease activity index (DAI) and the pathological features of small intestinal and colonic mucosa were examined. For exploring the action mechanism of B. subtilis, immunohistochemical staining and western-blotting were used to analyse the expression of the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines, the proliferation of the intestinal stem cells, and the reconstruction of the mucosa barrier. The alteration of gut microbiota was investigated by taxonomic analysis.Results: The DAI of IBD was significantly decreased through oral administration of B. subtilis (JNFE0126) fermented milk, and the intestinal mucosa injury was attenuated. Moreover, B. subtilis could reduce the inflammatory response of the intestinal mucosa, induce proliferation of the intestinal stem cell, and promote reconstruction of the mucosal barrier. Furthermore, B. subtilis could rebalance the intestinal flora, increasing the abundance of Bacillus, Alistipes and Lactobacillus, while decreasing the abundance of Escherichia and Bacteroides.Conclusion: Oral administration of the B. subtilis fermented milk could alleviate DSS-induced IBD via inhibition of inflammatory response, promotion of the mucosal barrier reconstruction and regulation of the intestinal flora.
Authenticity as a Predictor of Mental Health
Authors:   Technical faculty ", Grijak Djurdja ,   Mihajlo Pupin",   , University of Novi Sad, Zrenjanin, Serbia
Published: November 2020

The aim of this research was to evaluate the relationship between authenticity and mental health on a sample of 706 students. Results showed that all subscales of the Authenticity scale (authentic living, accepting external influence and self-alienation) were correlated with all general scales and subscales of the MHI-38 (psychological distress – anxiety, depression, loss of behavioural/emotional control; psychological well-being – overall positive affect, emotional ties and satisfaction with life and overall mental health index). Hierarchical regression showed that authenticity composed of all three dimensions together is a statistically significant predictor of psychological distress, psychological well-being and overall mental health index. The confirmation that authenticity is closely connected to mental health and significantly contributes to it is a good example of how classic perspectives in psychological counselling can set further directions of research within personality psychology. Keywords: authenticity, mental health, students
Hemispheric Asymmetry in Processing Pleasant and Unpleasant Stimuli - Emotional Valence Processing
Authors:   Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Budimir Sanja
Published: November 2020

Differences in electrophysiological response between pleasant and unpleasant emotional stimuli were examined in this study. Recording of event related potentials (ERP) was organized in such a way that the participants, 24 female students from the University of Zagreb, were first exposed to a priming stimulus (emotional pictures) followed by a target stimulus (emotional pictures). Adjusted pictures from the IAPS database (The International Affective Picture System) were used both for primes and target stimuli. Intensity and dominance of the pictures were controlled by using only pictures with medium values, while emotional valence was manipulated through three categories of pictures, unpleasant, neutral and pleasant. In order to detect differences in processing different emotional valence stimuli, measurement of the ERP signal was carried out with 180 emotional pictures (60 of each emotional valence) combined with three sets of priming stimuli, which made a total of 540 pairs of presented stimuli. The signal was recorded over frontal electrodes, and the results were analysed in the time window of 300-400 ms. The goal of the study was to test hemispheric asymmetry in processing emotional versus neutral stimuli by controlling gaze to emotional content of the picture, intensity and dominance of the emotional pictures as well by enhancing possible differences in processing emotional stimuli by introducing preceding priming emotional stimuli. The priming effect was not found to be a significant contributor to the processing of emotional target stimuli. A difference was found on the left hemisphere between processing pleasant and unpleasant target stimuli, as well as a difference between processing unpleasant and neutral target stimuli. Regardless of priming, a difference was found on the left and the right hemisphere between processing pleasant and unpleasant target stimuli, whereas a difference between processing unpleasant and neutral stimuli was found on the left hemisphere as well as difference between processing pleasant and neutral target stimuli on the right hemisphere. Keywords: IAPS (International Affective Picture System), ERP (Event Related Potential), emotional valence, frontal asymmetry
Efekti i mehanizmi djelovanja samoefikasnosti na tjelesno zdravlje
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet, Sveučilište u Rijeci, Rijeka, Kardum Igor , Hudek-Knežević Jasna ,   Filozofski fakultet, Sveučilište u Rijeci, Rijeka, Krapić Nada ,   Filozofski fakultet, Sveučilište u Rijeci, Rijeka
Published: November 2020

U ovom su radu prikazani efekti samoefikasnosti na različite aspekte tjelesnog zdravlja kao i osnovni mehanizmi putem kojih samoefikasnost potencijalno može djelovati na zdravstvene ishode. U prvom su dijelu rada opisana teorijska ishodišta samoefikasnosti i načini mjerenja generalizirane i specifičnih samoefikasnosti. Nakon toga navedeni su najvažniji nalazi koji govore o efektima samoefikasnosti na različite aspekte tjelesnog zdravlja. Od mehanizama putem kojih samoefikasnost djeluje na tjelesno zdravlje opisano je njezino djelovanje na kardiovaskularno i imunološko funkcioniranje, doživljaj stresa i načine suočavanja sa stresom te zdravstvena ponašanja. Iako viša samoefikasnost u pravilu ima pozitivne efekte na tjelesno zdravlje, prikazana su i istraživanja koja pokazuju da viša samoefikasnost može djelovati na kardiovaskularno funkcioniranje i zdravstvena ponašanja tako da njezini efekti na tjelesno zdravlje potencijalno mogu biti i negativni. U radu su navedene i neke najvažnije smjernice za buduća istraživanja odnosa između samoefikasnosti i tjelesnog zdravlja. Ključne riječi: samoefikasnost, tjelesno zdravlje, zdravstvena ponašanja, suočavanje sa stresom
The market is driven by the public sector
Authors:   RM Analytics, Kalinina Nadezhda
Published: November 2020

The public sector has been actively growing over the past two years and is still a growth driver for the entire pharmaceutical market. The unfavourable epidemiological situation and government investments in the sector have given a boost to the Russian pharmaceutical market in the first months of this year. The public sector reached the level of RUB 301 bil. at purchase prices for the period from January to June 2020. According to the estimates of most analytical agencies, the sector will continue to grow in the second half of the year, though its growth will slow down slightly.
Public procurement during coronavirus pandemic. Review of tender purchases of J05 Direct-acting antivirals under FZ-44 and FZ-223
Authors:   RM Analytics, Kalinina Nadezhda
Published: November 2020

Today, the epidemiological situation and the socio-economic crisis are bringing their own adjustments to our plans. Due to the introduction of a high alert regime related to the coronavirus pandemic, the authorities have introduced the temporary new rules for public procurement. The spread of COVID-19 was recognized as a circumstance of insuperable force (force majeure), inspections were cancelled, and the complaints were handled in the remote mode. In this regard, one more Government Decree No. 647 of May 08, 2020 entered into force on May 10, which defined new cases and the procedure for purchasing from a single supplier until the end of 2020. The Cabinet of Ministers adjusted the rules for calculating the time limits for purchases on non-working days under the same document. However, due to the coronavirus, single supplier tenders were not allowed for all goods, but only for those used to prevent or eliminate the consequences of the spread of coronavirus infection.
TRATAMENTO FARMACOLÓGICO E NÃO FARMACOLÓGICO NO MANEJO DA DOR DE PACIENTES EM PÓS-OPERATÓRIO IMEDIATO (POI)
Authors: Nascimento Sabrina Da Silva , Hirsh Gabriela Elisa , Pretto Carolina Renz , Colet Christiane De Fátima , Stumm Eniva Miladi Fernandes
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar evidências científicas referentes às modalidades farmacológicas e não farmacológicas utilizadas no manejo da dor de pacientes em Pós-Operatório Imediato (POI) de cirurgias em geral. Este é uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE/PUBMED, Scopus e Web of Science, entre 2002 e 2017, que resultou na análise de 38 artigos científicos. Dos artigos analisados, 71% abordaram métodos farmacológicos e 28% medidas não farmacológicas para o tratamento da dor no POI. O manejo adequado da dor é de responsabilidade dos profissionais envolvidos no cuidado e os hospitais devem ter equipes e procedimentos para alívio da dor para diminuir efeitos colaterais, tempo de hospitalização e acelerar a recuperação do paciente. Os métodos não farmacológicos podem ser uma modalidade complementar promissora para melhorar a dor no pós-operatório, pois são técnicas acessíveis e fáceis de serem executadas e quando praticada por profissionais capacitados, os eventos adversos ocorrem raramente.
DETERMINAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL ANTIMICROBIANO DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE LAVANDA (LAVANDULA DENTATA L.) E MANJERICÃO (OCIMUM BASILICUM L.) SOBRE CEPAS DE PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLADA DE LEITE MASTITÍCO BOVINO
Authors: Ulsenheimer Bruna Carolina , Konageski Dalla Rosa Silvana , Colet Christiane De Fatima , Mori Viero Luciana , Ribeiro Viana Martins Luciane
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar óleos essenciais extraídos da flor e folha de lavanda (Lavandula dentata L.) e manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.), quanto sua ação antimicrobiana frente a bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolada de leite mastítico bovino. Método: Foi realizado coleta, identificação e catalogação das plantas selecionadas, e após a extração dos óleos essenciais pelo método de arraste à vapor, por hidrodestilação. As análises foram realizadas em triplicata, no Laboratório de Microbiologia Veterinária da Unijuí, pelo cultivo bacteriano em placas, confrontados a 20 μl de óleo essencial, mantidas em estufa bacteriológica a 36ºC por 24 horas. Resultados: O perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais testados frente à cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, apresentou os seguintes resultados: para o óleo essencial da flor do manjericão 7 mm no tamanho do halo de inibição nos três testes, para a folha do manjericão, houve a maior atividade inibitória, com halos de inibição com 12 mm em duas amostras e 14 mm na terceira. Já para o óleo essencial da flor da lavanda apresentou halo de inibição de 6 mm, 7mm e 9 mm, em cada teste, e para o óleo da folha da lavanda apresentou resultados semelhantes ao da sua flor, com halo de inibição de 8 mm em dois teste e 6 mm no outro. Conclusões: Sugere-se que o óleo essencial da folha do manjericão, possa ser uma fonte de compostos com potencial terapêutico no combate à bactéria patogênica Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Verifica-se que o uso de do óleo essencial apresenta-se como uma alternativa para o tratamento de mastites em bovinos leiteiros.
RELAÇÃO DO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR E FAMILIAR COM O NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Ribeiro Anelize Gabriele Peressute , Pacífico Ana Beatriz , De Camargo Edina Maria , Piola Thiago Silva , De Campos Wagner
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: verificar a relação dos componentes do ambiente escolar e familiar com o nível de atividade física em crianças da rede municipal de ensino de Curitiba-PR. Métodos: Estudo descritivo correlacional, com delineamento transversal. A amostra consistiu de crianças de 9 e 10 anos (n=461; 51,19% meninos), com caráter probabilístico, selecionada em 10 escolas municipais da cidade de Curitiba-PR. Ambiente familiar, escolar e nível de atividade física foram avaliados por meio de questionários validados na literatura. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado a estatística descritiva, e a regressão de Poisson. Resultados: O nível de atividade física das meninas pode ser maximizado pelo número de áreas para esporte na escola (RP:1,61; IC95%:1,01-2,57), presença de ≥ 2 espaços na residência para prática de atividade física (RP:1,23; IC95%: 1,09-1,40), morar em apartamento (RP:1,09; IC95%: 1,01-1,19) e receber estímulo dos pais (RP:1,10; IC95%: 1,01-1,20). Para meninos: receber sempre o apoio dos pais (assistir) para prática de atividade física (RP:1,13; IC95%:1,01-1,28), ter a presença do responsável ≥ 4 horas/dia (RP:1,11; IC95%: 1,02-1,19), e na escola possuir dinheiro exclusivamente para materiais de recreio (RP:1,38; IC95%:1,01-1,91), foram associadas positivamente com níveis mais altos de atividade física. Conclusão: Componentes do ambiente escolar e familiar mostraram uma maior probabilidade de crianças, entre 9 e 10 anos, serem classificadas como sendo suficientemente ativas. Sugere-se estudos com os dois ambientes (familiar e escolar) em conjunto visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tema.
Indonesian Horror Story by Intan Paramaditha
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Frolova Marina V.
Published: November 2020

Analysis and interpretation of the short stories by Indonesian female writer Intan Paramaditha (Intan Paramaditha, born in 1979) make it possible to understand that her writing occupies a special niche in the modern Indonesian literary paradigm. Paramaditha’s feminist texts are disguised as horror stories with settings in contemporary Indonesia. The article examines five short stories (“Spinner of Darkness” (Pemintal Kegelapan), “Vampire” (Vampir), “Polaroid’s Mystery” (Misteri Polaroid), “The Blind Woman without a Toe” (Perempuan Buta tanpa Ibu Jari), and “The Obsessive Twist” (Goyang Penasaran)). Using the intertextual method, it was possible to prove the gothic poetics of these literary works. The short stories contain the mosaic of folklore-mythological motives from the Malay Archipelago, Biblical and Quranic narratives, as well as European fairy tales and allusions to American horror fiction and horror films. Her prose is built upon some borrowed European literary forms for expression of authentic Indonesian content. The social themes are intertwined with feminist criticism that is presented as a Kitsch of the Indonesian mass culture. In “The Obsessive Twist” the main conflict is focused on the heated debates on sexuality, politics, violence, and religion. The feminist agenda of her prose is contrasted with the turn of contemporary Indonesia towards a Muslim patriarchal society. Paramaditha’s works represent a unique product of West-East-synthesis aimed not only at the Indonesian, but also the global audience.
The Limbu People in the Ethnosocial Structure of Nepal (1774–1968)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Streltsova Liliia A.
Published: November 2020

This article describes some specific features of the ethnosocial status of the Limbus in Nepal. Since the annexation by Royal Nepal, the Limbus have retained a certain degree of autonomy which is centered around maintaining their own traditional system of land ownership. This was the only ethnicity based type of land ownership in Nepal. The rest of the land was originally state-owned and the state put it out to lease or sold it to tenants. However, the Limbus’ autonomy gradually decreased as time passed, the amount of clan-owned lands was reduced, and gradual integration into the Hindu society was begun. The Limbus were included into the caste system, in which they were placed in between the upper-caste and the untouchable Parbatiya. Hindu practices supplanted traditional ones, for example, ground burial was replaced by cremation and some rites were performed by Brahmins instead of Shamans. Gradually the Limbus started to worship Hindu deities, make occasional offerings in the Hindu temples, and to celebrate Nepali state holidays. The intensification of Sanskritization led to the consolidation of ethnic movements among the Limbus. In the middle of the XX century, the Limbu alphabet was rediscovered and Limbu ethnic associations emerged. These associations tried to increase the political influence of the Limbus and to retain their traditional culture and beliefs, which they considered to be the core of their ethnic identity. There was also an attempt to create a new syncretistic religion on the basis of Hinduism and traditional beliefs of the Limbus. These multidirectional processes formed the basis of the transformations occurring nowadays among the small nations of South Asia.
Degradation of fluorescent dye-Solvent Green 7 (HPTS) in wastewater by advanced oxidation process
Authors: Cai Shaokang , Zhang Shurong , Gao Canzhu , Cheng Zhongfa
Published: November 2020

Solvent Green 7 (HPTS) is a widely used fluorescent dye. As a kind of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) derivative, HPTS would cause pollution when it is discharged into the environment. This study adopted advanced oxidation processes (UV/H2O2) to degrade the HPTS in aqueous solution and investigated the effects of various factors on the degradation. The results showed that: the initial concentration and the fluorescence characteristics of HPTS reduced the degradation efficiency. When the oxidant concentration of H2O2 was 3 mg/L, the degradation efficiency and cost of HPTS (20 mg/L) were the most appropriate; when there were various inorganic anions in the solution, the degradations were not affected, but when the solution was strong acid and there existed a lot of chloride ions, the degradation of HPTS was inhibited. The degradation pathways indicated HPTS degraded into naphthalene derivatives, benzene derivatives through oxidation and decarboxylation reactions, finally into water and carbon dioxide. Further research for substances similar to HPTS structure will make progress in understanding the degradation process of PAHs.
Constitución de la categoría “falso turista” en Argentina. Fronteras “a medida” de migrantes de países limítrofes
Authors: Alvites Baiadera Angélica
Published: November 2020

El siguiente artículo analiza la constitución y desarrollo de la categoría falso turista (ft), como parte de los dispositivos de control fronterizo, en el marco del primer gobierno elegido constitucionalmente (1983-1989) en Argentina. Para responder a esta inquietud se interpreta, mediante una metodología cualitativa, un corpus documental nacional y de organismos regionales-internacionales. Las principales conclusiones alcanzadas comprenden que se constituye una gestión diferencial de las fronteras, en la cual se formula una vigilancia orientada y selectiva para rechazar a los extranjeros, principalmente migrantes limítrofes, que según vestimenta, ingresos económicos, tiempos de estadía, lugar de procedencia/origen, entre otros requisitos, puedan ser considerados no-turistas. Clasificar a los extranjeros como ft, y definir su rechazo, busca reducir los potenciales futuros ilegales por permanencia (migrantes “indocumentados”) que quieren trabajar, acceder al sistema de salud y/o de educación en Argentina.
Effect of Benzyl Adenine Concentration on Callus Induction of Geranium Plants (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) from Petiole and Leaf Explants
Authors:   Department of Biology, University of Brawijaya, Huda Moch Faizul , Indriyani Serafinah
Published: November 2020

Geranium plant (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) is one of the geranium oil producing plants that has many benefits. Callus culture is a technique that can be used to plant multiplication and increase production of secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of Benzyl Adenine on the formation of geranium callus from petiole and leaf explants. Callus induction was carried out by culturing petiole and leaf explants on MS medium + 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA + Benzyl Adenine (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2 mg.L-1). Callus morphological parameters, percentage of callus formation, and time of first callus formation were observed. The formation of geranium callus influenced by the explant type and the concentration of Benzyl Adenine. In the 2nd week, the geranium callus was initiated, light green colored with a compact callus texture. At 4th week, the percentage of callus formation containing NAA 0.1 mg.L-1 of petiole and leaf explants was 20% and 8%, whereas the percentage of callus formation on medium containing 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA combined with 0.5-2 mg.L-1 Benzyl Adenine of petiole and leaf explants was 52-80% and 24-52%. The best percentage of callus formation was found on the culture medium containing 1 mg.L-1 Benzyl Adenine, equaled 80% of petiole explants, and 52% of leaf explants.
The Impact of Member Emotional Intelligence on Psychological Safety in Work Teams
Authors: Harper Steven R. , White Charles D.
Published: November 2020

We use collective induction as a framework for examining the interaction of individual team-member’s emotional intelligence in project teams. Using a sample of 108 project teams, we test the role of team member emotional intelligence in the development of psychological safety, which has been shown to improve team learning and performance. Results suggest that having individuals on the team who have above average emotional perception and emotional management improves member perceptions of psychological safety.
Social Capital and Knowledge Sharing as Determinants of Academic Performance
Authors: Aslam M.M. Haris , Shahzad Khuram , Syed Aly Raza , Ramish Asher
Published: November 2020

Many researchers argue that career success of various individuals can be attributed to the effective use of social capital. Social capital theory proposes that the network of relationships support the people in performing social affairs and advancing in their careers. A considerable body of knowledge exists that examines the role social capital plays in the success of individuals and organizations. However, not many have focused on the social capital development process in the higher education institutions. This understanding is vital because higher educational institutions are the breeding grounds of the behaviors that help the students to excel in their professional lives. Current study empirically examines the relationship between social capital and knowledge sharing, and how knowledge sharing impacts academic performance. For this purpose multiple linear regression analysis has been performed. The results of the analysis highlight various aspects of the relationship between social capital, knowledge sharing and academic performance. Understanding how students learn to share knowledge in their respective social networks and the motivation behind this knowledge sharing, can help the university authorities in identifying the steps that can facilitate the process of knowledge sharing which in turn can lead to enhancement in the quality of the learning process.
The Use of Communication Technology to Manage Work-Home Boundaries
Authors: Adkins Cheryl L. , Premeaux Sonya A.
Published: November 2020

Communication technologies have facilitated workers’ ability to integrate the home and work domains; however, these tools have also allowed each domain to more frequently intrude into the other. We examined workplace policies and norms, individual preferences, and family norms and expectations as antecedents of connectivity behaviors that utilize communication technologies to bridge the boundaries between home and work. The control of interruptions from communication technology was examined as a moderator of the relationship between connectivity behavior and work-family conflict. Data were gathered from employees of two universities (n = 290). We found that being required to be connected after hours and role integration preference were associated with higher levels of connectivity behaviors. Connectivity behaviors were not associated with work-family conflict, nor was there support was for the proposed moderator. Job type and hours worked after hours were significantly associated with both connectivity behavior and work-family conflict.
Elastic and Inelastic Electron-Nucleus Scattering Form Factors for Be9 Nucleus
Authors: Dlshad Hawar Muhamad , Fatah Aziz Hama-Raheem , Hussain Adil Mohammed
Published: November 2020

The computations of the elastic and inelastic Coulomb form factors for the electron-nucleus scattering of Beryllium nucleus Be9 have performed with Core Polarization (CP) effects including the realistic Michigan sum of Three Range Yukawa (M3Y) Interaction, and the other residual interaction which is Modified Surface Delta Interaction (MSDI). In addition to mean square root charge density and charge radii for the ground state. The perturbation theory was adopted to compute the Core Polarization by using the Harmonic Oscillators (HO) potential to calculate single-particle radial wave functions.

   In the comparison between the theoretical calculations of Coulomb form factors by (MSDI) interaction, realistic (M3Y) interaction, and the experimental results that measured before, it noticed that the Coulomb form factors for the (M3Y) interaction gave a reasonable depiction of the measured data.
The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pandemic of Lockdown Loneliness and the Role of Digital Technology (Preprint)
Authors: Shah Syed Ghulam Sarwar , Nogueras David , van Woerden Hugo Cornelis , Kiparoglou Vasiliki
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The focus of this perspective is on lockdown loneliness, which we define as loneliness resulting from social disconnection as a result of enforced social distancing and lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also explore the role of digital technology in tackling lockdown loneliness amid the pandemic. In this regard, we highlight and discuss a number of the key relevant issues: a description of lockdown loneliness, the burden of lockdown loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic, characteristics of people who are more likely to be affected by lockdown loneliness, factors that could increase the risk of loneliness, lockdown loneliness as an important public health issue, tackling loneliness during the pandemic, digital technology tools for social connection and networking during the pandemic, assessment of digital technology tools from the end users’ perspectives, and access to and use of digital technology for tackling lockdown loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest that the most disadvantaged and vulnerable people who are more prone to lockdown loneliness are provided with access to digital technology so that they can connect socially with their loved ones and others; this could reduce loneliness resulting from social distancing and lockdowns during the COVID-19 crisis. Nonetheless, some key issues such as access to and knowledge of digital technology tools must be considered. In addition, the involvement of all key stakeholders (family and friends, social care providers, and clinicians and health allied professionals) should be ensured.
A Digitally Competent Health Workforce: Scoping Review of Educational Frameworks (Preprint)
Authors: Nazeha Nuraini , Pavagadhi Deepali , Kyaw Bhone Myint , Car Josip , Jimenez Geronimo , Tudor Car Lorainne
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Digital health technologies can be key to improving health outcomes, provided health care workers are adequately trained to use these technologies. There have been efforts to identify digital competencies for different health care worker groups; however, an overview of these efforts has yet to be consolidated and analyzed.

OBJECTIVE

The review aims to identify and study existing digital health competency frameworks for health care workers and provide recommendations for future digital health training initiatives and framework development.

METHODS

A literature search was performed to collate digital health competency frameworks published from 2000. A total of 6 databases including gray literature sources such as OpenGrey, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Google, and websites of relevant associations were searched in November 2019. Screening and data extraction were performed in parallel by the reviewers. The included evidence is narratively described in terms of characteristics, evolution, and structural composition of frameworks. A thematic analysis was also performed to identify common themes across the included frameworks.

RESULTS

In total, 30 frameworks were included in this review, a majority of which aimed at nurses, originated from high-income countries, were published since 2016, and were developed via literature reviews, followed by expert consultations. The thematic analysis uncovered 28 digital health competency domains across the included frameworks. The most prevalent domains pertained to basic information technology literacy, health information management, digital communication, ethical, legal, or regulatory requirements, and data privacy and security. The Health Information Technology Competencies framework was found to be the most comprehensive framework, as it presented 21 out of the 28 identified domains, had the highest number of competencies, and targeted a wide variety of health care workers.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital health training initiatives should focus on competencies relevant to a particular health care worker group, role, level of seniority, and setting. The findings from this review can inform and guide digital health training initiatives. The most prevalent competency domains identified represent essential interprofessional competencies to be incorporated into health care workers’ training. Digital health frameworks should be regularly updated with novel digital health technologies, be applicable to low- and middle-income countries, and include overlooked health care worker groups such as allied health professionals.
Design of the Tool (web) EMAeHealth supporting decision-making during pregnancy and postpartum: Collaborative Action Research Study. (Preprint)
Authors: Artieta-Pinedo Isabel , Paz-Pascual Carmen , Bully Paola , Espinosa Maite ,   EmaQ.Group
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: Despite the benefit it can give women, Maternal Education needs new tools that increase its effectiveness and scope

OBJECTIVE

To develop a multifunctional, personalized eHealth platform aimed at the self-management of health in relation to maternity

METHODS

The International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) were applied. A website prototype was developed for implementation in the public health system using a collaborative action research process in which experts and patients participate, with qualitative research techniques as well as prioritization and consensus techniques.

RESULTS

A website is proposed which includes (1) systematically updated information related to clinical practice guidelines, (2) interaction between peers and users/professionals, (3) instruments for self-assessment of health needs as a basis for working on counseling, agreement on actions, help in the search for resources, monitoring and evaluation of results and (4) access for women to their clinical data and the option of sharing them with other health agents. These components, with different access requirements, would be permanently reviewed through iterative cycles depending on the frequency and effectiveness resulting from their use and would be accessible from any digital device

CONCLUSIONS

This public healthcare website would facilitate use, maintenance and effectiveness to increase quality of care without increasing costs. The participation of professionals and users in the creation of new tools will result in greater satisfaction with their use, with the decisions made, and with the decision process itself.
Understanding the Nature of Metadata: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ulrich Hannes , Kock-Schoppenhauer Ann-Kristin , Deppenwiese Noemi , Gött Robert , Kern Jori , Lablans Martin , Majeed Raphael W , Stöhr Mark R , Stausberg Jürgen , Varghese Julian , Dugas Martin , Ingenerf Josef
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Metadata are created to describe the corresponding data in a detailed and unambiguous way and is used for various applications in different research areas, for example, data identification and classification. However, a clear definition of metadata is crucial for further use. Unfortunately, extensive experience with the processing and management of metadata has shown that the term “metadata” and its use is not always unambiguous.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand the definition of metadata and the challenges resulting from metadata reuse.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was performed in this study following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for reporting on systematic reviews. Five research questions were identified to streamline the review process, addressing metadata characteristics, metadata standards, use cases, and problems encountered. This review was preceded by a harmonization process to achieve a general understanding of the terms used.

RESULTS

The harmonization process resulted in a clear set of definitions for metadata processing focusing on data integration. The following literature review was conducted by 10 reviewers with different backgrounds and using the harmonized definitions. This study included 81 peer-reviewed papers from the last decade after applying various filtering steps to identify the most relevant papers. The 5 research questions could be answered, resulting in a broad overview of the standards, use cases, problems, and corresponding solutions for the application of metadata in different research areas.

CONCLUSIONS

Metadata can be a powerful tool for identifying, describing, and processing information, but its meaningful creation is costly and challenging. This review process uncovered many standards, use cases, problems, and solutions for dealing with metadata. The presented harmonized definitions and the new schema have the potential to improve the classification and generation of metadata by creating a shared understanding of metadata and its context.
Impact of Telemedicine Use by Oncology Physicians on the Patient and Informal Caregiver Experience of Receiving Care: Protocol for a Scoping Review in the Context of COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Thiessen Maclean , Soriano Andrea Michelle , Loewen Hal John , Decker Kathleen Margaret
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telemedicine by oncology physicians in Manitoba, Canada, has increased to limit the risk of exposure to the virus for both patients and health care providers. It is not clear how telemedicine impacts the information needs of patients or the experience of receiving cancer care.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to describe how the use of telemedicine impacts the information needs and experience of patients with cancer and their informal caregivers (ie, family and friends) and identify directions for future research.

METHODS

This review will include all studies addressing telemedicine in the cancer context including those using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. This scoping review will be conducted using the methodology described by the Joanna Briggs Institute. In collaboration with a librarian scientist specializing in health sciences, a comprehensive search will be undertaken to identify and retrieve relevant reports published in English from 1990 to the present. Databases searched will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers, synthesized, and reported in a summary table and in a narrative format describing what has been reported regarding the impact of telemedicine by physicians in oncology on the experience of patients and their informal caregivers and their receipt of information.

RESULTS

The results from this scoping review are expected to be available by late spring 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The results from this scoping review will be useful for informing practice as well as directing future research, both in the context of COVID-19 and beyond.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/25501
The Healing Hearts Together Randomized Controlled Trial and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Tutorial for Transitioning From an In-Person to a Web-Based Intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Lalande Kathleen , Greenman Paul S , Bouchard Karen , Johnson Susan M , Tulloch Heather
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Supportive couple relationships are associated with reduced risk of chronic illness development, such as cardiovascular disease, as well as improved secondary prevention. Healing Hearts Together (HHT) is an 8-week couples-based intervention designed to improve relationship quality, mental health, quality of life, and cardiovascular health among couples in which one partner has experienced a cardiac event. A randomized controlled trial began in October 2019 to test the efficacy of the in-person, group-based HHT program as compared to usual care. In March of 2020, all recruitment, assessments, and interventions halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Guided by optimal virtual care principles, as well as by Hom and colleagues’ four-stage framework—consultation, adaptation, pilot-testing, and test launch—this paper is a tutorial for the step-by-step transition planning and implementation of a clinical research intervention from an in-person to a web-based format, using the HHT program as an example. Clinical and research considerations are reviewed, including (1) privacy, (2) therapeutic aspects of the intervention, (3) group cohesion, (4) research ethics, (5) participant recruitment, (6) assessment measures, (7) data collection, and (8) data analyses. This tutorial can assist clinical researchers in transitioning their research programs to a web-based format during the pandemic and beyond.
A Virtual Ward Model of Care for Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Single-Center Clinical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ferry Olivia R , Moloney Emma C , Spratt Owen T , Whiting Gerald F M , Bennett Cameron J
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 has necessitated the implementation of innovative health care models in preparation for an influx of patients. A virtual ward model delivers clinical care remotely to patients in isolation. We report on an Australian cohort of patients with COVID-19 treated in a virtual ward.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the safety and efficacy of a virtual ward model of care for an Australian cohort of patients with COVID-19.

METHODS

Retrospective clinical assessment was performed for 223 patients with confirmed COVID-19 treated in a virtual ward in Brisbane, Australia, from March 25 to May 15, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed for variables associated with the length of stay and hospitalization.

RESULTS

Of 223 patients, 205 (92%) recovered without the need for escalation to hospital care. The median length of stay in the virtual ward was 8 days (range 1-44 days). In total, 18 (8%) patients were referred to hospital, of which 6 (33.3%) were discharged after assessment at the emergency department. Furthermore, 12 (5.4%) patients were admitted to hospital, of which 4 (33.3%) required supplemental oxygen and 2 (16.7%) required mechanical ventilation. No deaths were recorded. Factors associated with escalation to hospital care were the following: hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% CI 1.28-9.87; P=.01), sputum production (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.74-15.49; P=.001), and arthralgia (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.21-11.71; P=.02) at illness onset and a polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold of ≤20 on a diagnostic nasopharyngeal swab (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.25-19.63; P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that a virtual ward model of care to treat patients with COVID-19 is safe and efficacious, and only a small number of patients would potentially require escalation to hospital care. Further studies are required to validate this model of care.
Fuzzy Multi-objective Matrix Game: An Entropic Uniformity Approach
Authors:   Bablu Samanta Department of Mathematics, Egra Sarada Shashi Bhusan College, Egra, Midnapore (East)–721429, West Bengal, India, Samanta Bablu
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a Multi-Objective Matrix Game model with fuzzy goals, assuming that each player has a fuzzy goal of the payoffs and this model can be used to reduce a generalized regular Max-Min problem. For finding smooth and uniform distribution of the solution to this model we are applying an entropic uniformity approach. Applicability of the entropic uniformity approach can be illustrated with a practical example.
F-16/MATV; Optimal Position Controller Design using Robust and Discrete Linear Quadrature Gaussian [RLQG] Controller
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia, Berisha G. Kassahun , Kumar Parvendra
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the robust controller design for nonlinear F-16/MATV (Multi–Axis – Thrust - Vectoring) position control system. The linearization of nonlinear flight position system is guaranteed by feedback linearization using Taylor series expansion and the optimal LQG controllers are designed to achieve the steady state flight condition. The comparison of the using continuous and discrete LQG is fully discussed for control system. First the continuous optimal LQG controller is designed for continuous time state space represented flight dynamic system based on separation principle. But the designed optimal LQG controller requires a very large controller gain to achieve the design objective, which lacks high sensitivity and leads to highly cost system. This leads to design a controller using discrete LQG controller for discrete time state space represented flight control system. After implementing this controller into the system in MATLAB Simulink environment, using singular value decomposition technique, it is founded that the performance and robustness of the design objective is satisfied.
Segmentation of SAR Image using Fuzzy C-Means and Filters
Authors:   Mizoram University, Mizoram, India, Lalchhanhima R. , Kandar Debdatta ,   North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India, Chawngsangpuii R. , Khenglawt Vanlalmuansangi ,   Mizoram University, Mizoram, India
Published: November 2020

Fuzzy C-Means is an unsupervised clustering algorithm for the automatic clustering of data. Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Segmentation has been a challenging task because of the presence of speckle noise. Therefore the segmentation process can not directly rely on the intensity information alone but must consider several derived features in order to get satisfactory segmentation results. In this paper, it is attempted to use the fuzzy nature of classification for the purpose of unsupervised region segmentation in which FCM is employed. Different features are obtained by filtering of the image by using different spatial filters and are selected for segmentation criteria. The segmentation performance is determined by the accuracy compared with a different state of the art techniques proposed recently.
El motorista: estudio de caso urbano sobre la construcción de barrios en Bogotá
Authors: Niño Murcia Soledad
Published: November 2020

Gran parte de la ciudad de Bogotá se ha construido de manera informal, ya que la demanda de viviendas ha superado las previsiones del sector de la planificación y del Estado. El enorme número de personas que necesitan soluciones concretas a sus problemas no se conforman con esperar pasivamente a que algo suceda; se organizan y generan activamente una variedad de "soluciones" rápidas y prácticas propias. La creatividad y el ingenio prosperan frente a la adversidad; se forjan vínculos entre quienes comparten situaciones socioeconómicas similares; se establecen redes y se fortalecen las relaciones mediante la búsqueda de objetivos comunes. Si bien todos los miembros de la familia participan en este complejo proceso de formación de la ciudad, se ha pasado por alto el papel de la mujer y es necesario reconocerlo.
Mock Trial as a Learning Tool in a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Lennon Robert P. , Clebak Karl T. , Stepanian Jonathan B. , Riley Timothy D.
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Mock trials have been used to teach medical learners about malpractice litigation, ethics, legal concepts, and evidence-based practice. Although 5.2% of family physicians are sued for malpractice annually, there is no formal requirement nor curriculum for educating our residents about malpractice, and mock trial has not been reported as an education modality in a family medicine residency. We developed a mock trial experience to educate family medicine residents about malpractice litigation and evaluated the resident experience over 3 years.
Methods: This is a retrospective, single-site study evaluating resident experience in our mock trials. We assessed perceived value using a 5-point Likert scale; and we assessed knowledge with free-text answers to both open and closed questions. We used descriptive statistics to describe data.
Results: Residents found the mock trial effective and engaging, giving the experience an overall evaluation of 4.9/5±0.3; 86.4% identified the importance of documentation as a learning outcome; 72.7% of residents identified negligence as necessary to justify a lawsuit, but they demonstrated limited mastery of the four elements of negligence, with 45.5% correctly listing harm, 40.9% causation, 13.6% breach of duty, and 0% duty owed.
Conclusions: Mock trial is an enjoyable and effective tool to engage residents and provide a general understanding of malpractice litigation. It is less effective in conveying nuanced details of negligence. It may also be effective in teaching practice management techniques.
Enfermería y la atención primaria de salud
Authors: González-Escobar Dianne Sofia
Published: November 2020

Hace 40 años la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) definió la Atención Primaria de Salud ( APS) como la estrategia para alcanzar la meta Salud para Todos en el año 2000, buscando implementar cambios significativos en la prestación de servicios de salud y en el nivel de bienestar de la población, especialmente de la más afectada por las Inequidades políticas, sociales y económicas, y con mayor afectación en los factores determinantes de la salud (1).