bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE LEARNING RESOURCES MODELS IN CIVIC EDUCATION LEARNING AT SD NEGERI 5 SUKARARA
Authors: Mustakim Mustakim , Suastika I Nengah , Sanjaya Dewa Bagus
Published: October 2024

The implementation of effective learning resource models in Civic Education (PKn) in elementary schools is crucial. This study aims to explore in-depth the learning resource models that have been implemented in Civic Education at SD Negeri 5 Sukarara, focusing on the analysis of teachers' experiences, students' perceptions, and the understanding of the interaction dynamics between teachers, students, and learning resources within the context of implementing effective learning resource models in Civic Education classes. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach with a case study type, involving Civic Education teachers and students of SD Negeri 5 Sukarara as participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies, and analyzed using a thematic approach to identify patterns, themes, and meanings from the collected data. The results show that: 1) Teachers at SD Negeri 5 Sukarara have positive experiences in using effective learning resource models, such as interactive methods like question and answer, TGT, STAD, and CTL. They utilize various learning resources, including the surrounding environment, teaching materials, information technology, and creative media, which enrich students' learning experiences, increase their engagement, and facilitate the understanding of Civic Education concepts. 2) Students respond positively to effective learning resource models, which enhance their engagement and understanding. They find environment-based learning and information technology interesting and relevant, and they enjoy the variety of teaching methods that make learning more interactive and motivate them to learn. 3) The implementation of effective learning resource models creates positive interactions between teachers, students, and learning resources, with teachers acting as facilitators guiding students to interact with various resources. In conclusion, the implementation of effective learning resource models in Civic Education in elementary schools can increase student engagement, peer collaboration, and active participation in discussions, creating a dynamic learning environment that supports better learning outcomes and develops students' social and emotional skills.
EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING KELOMPOK TEKNIK POSITIF REINFORCEMENT SURAT AT-TIN AYAT 4 TERHADAP PERCAYA DIRI SISWA MTs N SEMARANG
Authors: Zakiyya Ufi Nawa , Zuhri Ahmad Minan
Published: October 2024

Abstrak. Percaya diri merupakan sikap positif individu yang memampukan dirinya untuk mengembangkan penilaian positif, baik terhadap dirinya maupun terhadap lingkungan atau situasi yang sedang dihadapinya. Idealnya percaya diri yang dimiliki individu haruslah berada pada kategori tinggi. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya permasalahan percaya diri yang terjadi pada siswa. Percaya diri memiliki peranan penting bagi semua individu terutama dalam bidang pendidikan. Percaya diri merupakan modal dasar seseorang dalam memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan sendiri. Setiap siswa harus memiliki rasa percaya diri untuk mengetahui kemampuan yang ada dalam dirinya dan mengembangkan potensi yang ada dalam dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas konseling kelompok teknik positif reinforcement berdasarkan Q.S at-tin ayat 4 untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri siswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif metode eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest posttest yaitu pemberian test sebelum serta setelah dilakukannya treatment. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan pada saat pretest dan posttest dilakukan pengujian untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap rasa percaya diri siswa kelas VIII E di MTs N Semarang setelah konseling kelompok teknik positif reinforcement berdasarkan Q.S At-tin ayat 4. Pengujian ini dilakukan menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. Nilai mean pada pretest yaitu 42,75 sedangkan setelah dilakukan treatment nilai mean mengalami peningkatan menjadi 80,38. Selain dilihat pada rata-rata nilai pretest dan posttest dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan hasil nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0.000 >0.05 maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, artinya terdapat perbedaan mean antara pretest dengan posttest hal ini menunjukan bahwa konseling kelompok teknik positif reinforcement berdasarkan Q.S At-tin ayat 4 efektif dalam meningkatkan rasa percaya diri siswa kelas VIII E di MTs N Semarang.Kata Kunci: Positif Reinforcement, Percaya Diri
Manejo da crise epiléptica no pronto socorro: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Castro Peter Abrante de , Lino Lucas Arruda , Mendes Luis Miguel Carvalho , Santos Beatriz Silva Silvestre , Sales Kauanny Saraiva , Torres Gilmar José , Willers Kauê Louzeiro , Fragoso Ana Beatriz Bandeira , Camara Pedro Henrique Rodrigues , Martins Rafael Tagori de Melo Cutrim
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O manejo eficaz de crises epilépticas no ambiente de emergência é vital para garantir a segurança dos pacientes. As crises epilépticas, eventos neurológicos comuns, requerem intervenções rápidas para evitar complicações graves. A literatura enfatiza a importância de protocolos bem definidos e capacitação contínua dos profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Este artigo oferece uma visão completa sobre as estratégias multifacetadas no manejo de crises epilépticas em situações de emergência, revisando tanto intervenções medicamentosas quanto não medicamentosas, e destacando a importância de uma abordagem combinada e abrangente. Metodologia: Este estudo realizou uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre o manejo de crises epilépticas no pronto-socorro, utilizando bases de dados como PubMed e Scopus, abrangendo publicações de 2010 a 2023. Foram incluídos estudos que abordassem eficácia, desafios e protocolos no manejo de crises em emergências. Resultados: Os resultados indicam que protocolos iniciais são cruciais para estabilizar pacientes. Benzodiazepínicos, como lorazepam, são eficazes na interrupção das crises. Exames complementares, como tomografia computadorizada e eletroencefalograma, são essenciais para o diagnóstico diferencial. A educação contínua dos profissionais melhora a competência no manejo das crises, e a telemedicina pode fornecer suporte especializado em tempo real. Discussão: A discussão destaca que protocolos bem definidos reduzem a variabilidade nas práticas clínicas e melhoram os desfechos dos pacientes. A escolha do medicamento deve considerar as características do paciente. O diagnóstico diferencial é essencial para garantir tratamento adequado. A educação contínua e a integração de tecnologias, como a telemedicina, são fundamentais para o manejo eficaz. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o manejo adequado de crises epilépticas envolve protocolos padronizados, uso de medicamentos eficazes, exames complementares e educação contínua dos profissionais. A integração de tecnologias pode melhorar a coordenação do atendimento. A pesquisa contínua é essencial para identificar melhores práticas e desenvolver novas estratégias.
Disponibilidade de fósforo no solo em semanas sob diferentes fontes
Authors: Franco Júnior Kleso Silva , Dias Márcio de Souza , Ribeiro Vinícius Muniz
Published: October 2024

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a disponibilidade de fósforo no milho ao longo de 8 semanas na camada de 10-20 cm do solo. O experimento foi conduzido em uma propriedade rural em Paraguaçu/MG, onde o solo foi preparado e a semeadura do milho (Híbrido Brevant B2401PWU) realizada em 02/03/2024, com aplicação de três diferentes fontes de fósforo: Fosbio®BR24, Fosfato natural, e Mono Amônio Fosfato (MAP), além de dois controles (com e sem milho). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e arranjo fatorial 3x2. As análises de solo ocorreram semanalmente, com 10 subamostras por parcela. A presença de milho teve um impacto variável na disponibilidade de P, dependendo da fonte utilizada. Fosfato natural foi mais afetado pela presença do milho, enquanto Fosbio®BR e MAP mantiveram os níveis de P mais constantes. Fosbio®BR e MAP foram eficazes na manutenção da disponibilidade de P, independentemente da presença de milho, indicando que são fontes confiáveis de P para o solo. Por outro lado, o fosfato natural, foi mais sensível às condições do solo e à presença de milho.  As flutuações na disponibilidade de P sugerem que a dinâmica de liberação de fósforo é influenciada por vários fatores, o tipo de fertilizante, a presença de culturas e possivelmente outras condições ambientais, sendo importante considerar a interação entre a fonte de fósforo e o cultivo ao planejar a adubação do solo, pois a escolha adequada do fertilizante pode influenciar significativamente a disponibilidade de nutrientes essenciais, como o fósforo, ao longo do tempo.
Non trivial zeros of the generalized Zeta function
Authors: OUKIL Walid
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the generalized Riemann Zeta function is defined on the right half-plane. In particular, this allows us to prove that for every $\tau\in \mathbb{R}$ there exists at most one point $r\in (0,1)$ such that $|\zeta(r+i\tau) |=0$.
Classification by magnetic susceptibility and petrography of DAR AL GANI 1071
Authors: Garcia Jose , Pérez Sonia
Published: October 2024

Dar al Gani 1071 is a brecciated ordinary chondrite, found in the Libyan desert of Al Jufrah, in 2014, and purchased on November 1 of the same year from a collector. It is a unique stone of 85 grams (TKW), whose classification has been carried out through petrography and magnetic susceptibility techniques. It is a meteorite of the ordinary chondrite type, brecciated, LL5 S2 W2. Magnetic susceptibility measurements carried out with the “Met Met” instrument developed by Uehara et al 2023, support the classification.
The role of the cytoskeleton in fibrotic diseases
Authors: Niu Caoyuan , Hu Yanan , Xu Kai , Pan Xiaoyue , Wang Lan , Yu Guoying
Published: October 2024

Fibrosis is the process whereby cells at a damaged site are transformed into fibrotic tissue, comprising fibroblasts and an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and fibronectin, following damage to organs or tissues that exceeds their repair capacity. Depending on the affected organs or tissues, fibrosis can be classified into types such as pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis. The primary pathological features of fibrotic diseases include recurrent damage to normal cells and the abnormal activation of fibroblasts, leading to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and collagen in the intercellular spaces. However, the etiology of certain specific fibrotic diseases remains unclear. Recent research increasingly suggests that the cytoskeleton plays a significant role in fibrotic diseases, with structural changes in the cytoskeleton potentially influencing the progression of organ fibrosis. This review examines cytoskeletal remodeling and its impact on the transformation or activation of normal tissue cells during fibrosis, potentially offering important insights into the etiology and therapeutic strategies for fibrotic diseases.
Clinical outcomes of right ventricular outflow tract stenting compared to surgical shunting in late-presenting children
Authors: Prakoso Radityo , Citra Dewi Resi , Mendel Brian , Atmadikoesoemah Celly Anantaria , Purba Salomo , Sakti Damba Dwisepto Aulia , Iryuza Nanda , Kurniawati Yovi , Sukmawan Renan
Published: October 2024

Background

Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) stenting as an alternative palliation for patients with stenotic RVOTs is increasingly recognized. However, a notable gap remains in the literature regarding the efficacy and the comparative outcomes between RVOT stenting and the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (mBTS) in children older than one year.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of clinical data from patients aged one year to 18 years with stenotic RVOTs who underwent RVOT stenting or mBTS procedures at our institution between December 2019 and October 2022. We compared major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including re-hospitalization, re-intervention, and mortality, hospital and ICU length of stay, and discharge oxygen saturation between the groups.

Results

We identified 58 patients (51.7% male) with a median age of 2.6 years (IQR: 2–8.1) and a median weight of 9.7 kg (IQR: 7.5–17.5). Among them, 18 (31%) patients received RVOT stenting, and 40 (68.9%) patients had mBTS. The median age for the RVOT stenting group was 92.5 months (IQR: 31.2–152) compared to 26.5 months (IQR: 23.0–54.0) for the mBTS group (p = 0.218). MACEs occurred in 4 (22.2%) patients with RVOT stents and 8 (20%) patients with mBTS (p = 0.624). Patients with mBTS had a longer ICU stay (median 3.5 days, IQR, 2–5) compared to those with RVOT stents (median 2 days, IQR: 1–2) (p = 0.295). Conversely, the hospital stay for patients with mBTS was shorter (median 10 days, IQR, 7.5–13.7) than for those with RVOT stents (median 11.5 days, IQR, 7–19) (p = 0.045). The median discharge oxygen saturation was 87% (IQR: 83–88) in the mBTS group and 80% (IQR: 75–87) in the RVOT stenting group (p = 0.212).

Conclusions

RVOT stenting as palliation to stenotic RVOTs in children older than one year demonstrated outcomes comparable to mBTS in terms of MACE and achieving oxygen saturation targets.
Remote monitoring and teleconsultations can reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining quality of care in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Oppelaar Martinus C. , Bannier Michiel A. G. E. , Reijers Monique H. E. , van der Vaart Hester , van der Meer Renske , Altenburg Josje , Conemans Lennart , Rottier Bart L. , Nuijsink Marianne , van den Wijngaart Lara S. , Merkus Peter J. F. M. , Roukema Jolt
Published: October 2024

Background

Remote care usefulness and climate change co-benefits should be addressed simultaneously to incentivize political action.

Objectives

To assess the changes in healthcare consumption, lung function and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dutch cystic fibrosis (CF) care.

Design

Retrospective multicentre observational study in five Dutch CF centres.

Methods

Eighty-one participants were included. Healthcare consumption was described alongside the COVID-19 Stringency Index (2019–2022). Travel related GHG emissions were calculated for every clinic visit. Changes in percentage predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (ppFEV1) were assessed using a paired-samples T-test.

Results

Healthcare consumption patterns followed COVID-19 public health measure stringency but returned back to the “old normal”. Emission of 5.450, 3 kg of carbon dioxide equivalents were avoided while quality of care was relatively preserved. ppFEV1 declined as expected (ΔMeans 3.69%, 95%CI 2.11–5.28).

Conclusion

Remote monitoring of lung function and symptoms and teleconsultations in CF can reduce GHG emissions while maintaining quality of care. As health sectors constitute a large share of national climate change footprints, digital health can partly alleviate this burden by reducing private travel.
Small phenolic compounds as potential endocrine disruptors interacting with estrogen receptor alpha
Authors: Alva-Gallegos Raul , Jirkovský Eduard , Mladěnka Přemysl , Carazo Alejandro
Published: October 2024

The human body is regularly exposed to simple catechols and small phenols originating from our diet or as a consequence of exposure to various industrial products. Several biological properties have been associated with these compounds such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or antiplatelet activity. Less explored is their potential impact on the endocrine system, in particular through interaction with the alpha isoform of the estrogen receptor (ERα). In this study, human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/S0.5 was employed to investigate the effects on ERα of 22 closely chemically related compounds (15 catechols and 7 phenols and their methoxy derivatives), to which humans are widely exposed. ERα targets genes ESR1 (ERα) and TFF1, both on mRNA and protein level, were chosen to study the effect of the tested compounds on the mentioned receptor. A total of 7 compounds seemed to impact mRNA and protein expression similarly to estradiol (E2). The direct interaction of the most active compounds with the ERα ligand binding domain (LBD) was further tested in cell-free experiments using the recombinant form of the LBD, and 4-chloropyrocatechol was shown to behave like E2 with about 1/3 of the potency of E2. Our results provide evidence that some of these compounds can be considered potential endocrine disruptors interacting with ERα.
Lithium-ion battery SOH estimation method based on multi-feature and CNN-KAN
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Liu Xin , Zhang Runrun , Liu Xu Ming , Chen Shi , Sun Zhexuan , Jiang Heng
Published: October 2024

The promotion of electric vehicles brings notable environmental and economic advantages. Precisely estimating the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for maintaining their efficiency and safety. This study introduces an SOH estimation approach for lithium-ion batteries that integrates multi-feature analysis with a convolutional neural network and kolmogorov-arnold network (CNN-KAN). Initially, we measure the charging time, current, and temperature during the constant voltage phase. These include charging duration, the integral of current over time, the chi-square value of current, and the integral of temperature over time, which are combined to create a comprehensive multi-feature set. The CNN’s robust feature extraction is employed to identify crucial features from raw data, while KAN adeptly models the complex nonlinear interactions between these features and SOH, enabling accurate SOH estimation for lithium batteries. Experiments were carried out at four different charging current rates. The findings indicate that despite significant nonlinear declines in the SOH of lithium batteries, this method consistently provides accurate SOH estimations. The root mean square error (RMSE) is below 1%, with an average coefficient of determination (R2) exceeding 98%. Compared to traditional methods, the proposed method demonstrates significant advantages in handling the nonlinear degradation trends in battery life prediction, enhancing the model’s generalization ability as well as its reliability in practical applications. It holds significant promise for future research in SOH estimation of lithium batteries.
Unlocking environmental harmony through export earnings: exploring the impact of remittances and infrastructure growth
Authors: Yi Xiaoming , Qamruzzaman Md
Published: October 2024

Introduction

This study investigates the complex relationship between economic growth, remittances (REM), export earnings (EEs), infrastructural development (IFD), and environmental sustainability (ES) in Bangladesh over the period from 1990 to 2020. Framed within the context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, the research explores how these factors influence environmental outcomes and contributes to ongoing discussions on sustainable development.

Methods

Utilizing advanced time-series modeling techniques, including autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL (NARDL), this study applies unit root tests and co-integration analysis to examine the data. These methods allow for a detailed assessment of both short- and long-term relationships between the variables in question.

Results

The findings confirm the EKC hypothesis, showing that economic growth initially leads to increased carbon emissions and environmental degradation, but further development contributes to environmental improvements. Remittances, however, significantly exacerbate carbon emissions and ecological degradation. On the other hand, technological innovation (TI) demonstrates a negative association with carbon emissions and ecological footprint (EF), highlighting its potential in supporting sustainable development. The impacts of export earnings and infrastructural development on environmental sustainability are mixed, with infrastructural growth in particular linked to environmental degradation.

Discussion

The study's results underscore the importance of targeted policy interventions to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability. Policymakers should focus on mitigating the environmental impacts of remittance inflows and fostering technological innovation to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While export earnings and infrastructural development play critical roles in economic progress, their environmental implications require careful management to ensure long-term sustainability.
Water loss through evapotranspiration after precipitation events in bioenergy crops grown in similar climatic conditions
Authors: Postma Kevin , Mane Siddhesh , Shen Meicheng , Kussainova Maira , Beisenova Raikhan , Nanda Arunav , Dong Gang , Chen Jiquan
Published: October 2024

The relationship between precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) is critical to understanding water cycle related dynamics in ecosystems, including crops. Existing studies of bioenergy crops have primarily focused on annual or seasonal ET rates, with less attention given to the immediate ET response following precipitation events. This study examines the variation in ET rates in the days subsequent to precipitation events across various bioenergy crops—corn, switchgrass, and prairies—utilizing 13 years (2010–2022) of growing season data. Meteorological and eddy covariance flux data were collected from seven eddy covariance flux towers as part of the GLBRC scale-up experiment at the Kellogg Biological Station Long Term Ecological Research sites. The analysis revealed that average ET peaked the day after precipitation and declined linearly over the following days, with a statistically significant relationship (p-value = 0.00027, R2 = 0.96). Neither the type of biofuel vegetation nor the historical land use significantly influenced ET post-precipitation events (p-values = 0.53 and 0.153, respectively). Key predictors of ET following precipitation events include shortwave radiation, season, day of the year, ambient temperature, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), long-wave radiation, precipitation amount, soil moisture, and annual variability. These findings enhance our comprehension of ET responses in bioenergy crop systems, with implications for water management in sustainable agriculture.
The role of green and digital technology convergence on carbon emission reduction: evidence from China
Authors: Hu Jing , Sun Qinghui , Wang Wenjing
Published: October 2024

Green technology has received continuous attention and facing challenges of transformation because of the growing environmental concern, especially the carbon emissions resulting in global warming. In the Industry 4.0 era, green technology transforms into smart green technology benefits from the convergence with digital technologies. However, little research investigates the role of green and digital technology convergence (GDC) on carbon emission reduction. This study proposes a novel measurement of the GDC level of enterprise based on the network method and examines its pattern and dynamic. Moreover, we empirically analyze the impact of GDC on carbon emission reduction. Results show that GDC has a significant carbon reduction effect. Moreover, GDC reduces enterprises’ carbon emissions by improving green innovation quality. Furthermore, an enterprise’s technology convergence capability moderates the focal relationship. The heterogeneity analysis results reveal that the carbon reduction effect of GDC is stronger in large, state-owned, non-labor-intensive and heavy-pollution enterprises. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the fusion of greening and digitalization and provide useful insights for sustainable development policy-making.
Predicting acute lung injury in infants with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass by gut microbiota
Authors: Jiang Lan , Cun Yueshuang , Wang Qiang , Wu Kede , Hu Menglong , Wu Zhen , Zhu Tianyi , Yang Zhaocong , Patel Nishant , Cai Xinyu , Qi Jirong , Mo Xuming
Published: October 2024

Background

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious and common complication that occurs in children with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, leading to higher mortality rates and poorer prognosis. Currently, there is no reliable predictive strategy for CPB-associated lung injury (CPB-ALI) in infants. Certain characteristics of the gut microbiota could potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting the development of CPB-ALI.

Methods

We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota in healthy controls and infants with CHD admitted to the hospital. The CHD infants were divided into CPB-ALI and non-ALI (CPB-NALI) groups based on postoperative outcomes. Bacterial functional pathway prediction analysis was performed using PIRCUSt2, and the gut microbiota composition associated with immune status was determined with heatmap. Random forest regression models and ROC curves were utilized to predict the occurrence of CPB-ALI.

Results

Our study revealed significantly different microbiota compositions among three groups (CON, CPB-ALI, and CPB-NALI). The microbiota diversity was low in the CPB-ALI group with high pathogen abundance and significant decrease in Bacteroides, while the opposite was observed in the CPB-NALI group. The microbiota dysbiosis index was high in the CPB-ALI group, with its dominant microbiota significantly associated with multiple metabolic pathways. Additionally, CPB-ALI patients showed high levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and HMGB1 in their serum, with high expression of IL-8 being associated with Enterobacteriaceae. Further correlation analysis showed that the differences in gut bacterial taxonomy were related to the occurrence of ALI, length of stay in the cardiac care unit, and ventilation time. It is noteworthy that Escherichia Shigella performed best in distinguishing CPB-ALI patients from non-ALI patients.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that postoperative ALI patients have distinct gut microbiota upon admission compared to non-ALI patients after surgery. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may potentially impact the progression of ALI through metabolic pathways, quorum sensing, and the levels of inflammatory factors expressed in the serum. Escherichia Shigella represents a potential predictive factor for the occurrence of ALI in CHD infants after surgery. Acute lung injury, congenital heart disease, cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, gut microbiota, biomarker
A distinct immune landscape in anti-synthetase syndrome profiled by a single-cell genomic study
Authors: Ding Jiayu , Li Yanmei , Wang Zhiqin , Han Feng , Chen Ming , Du Jun , Yang Tong , Zhang Mei , Wang Yingai , Xu Jing , Wang Gaoya , Xu Yong , Wu Xiuhua , Hao Jian , Liu Xinlei , Zhang Guangxin , Zhang Na , Sun Wenwen , Cai Zhigang , Wei Wei
Published: October 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study was to profile the transcriptional profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their immune repertoires affected by anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS) at the single-cell level.

Methods

We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of PBMCs and bulk RNA sequencing for patients with ASS (N=3) and patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+ DM, N=3) along with healthy controls (HCs, N=4). As ASS and MDA5+ DM have similar organ involvements, MDA5+ DM was used as a disease control. The immune repertoire was constructed by reusing the same scRNA-seq datasets. Importantly, flow cytometry was performed to verify the results from the scRNA-seq analysis.

Results

After meticulous annotation of PBMCs, we noticed a significant decrease in the proportion of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in ASS patients compared to HCs, while there was a notable increase in the proportion of proliferative NKT cells. Compared with MDA5+ DM patients, in their PBMCs ASS patients presented substantial enrichment of interferon pathways, which were primarily mediated by IFN-II, and displayed a weak immune response. Furthermore, ASS patients exhibited more pronounced metabolic abnormalities, which may in turn affect oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Monocytes from ASS patients appear to play a crucial role as receptive signaling cells for the TNF pathway. Immunophenotyping analysis of PBMCs from ASS patients revealed an increasing trend for the clone type CQQSYSTPWTF.

Conclusion

Using single-cell genomic datasets of ASS PBMCs, we revealed a distinctive profile in the immune system of individuals with ASS, compared to that with MDA5+ DM or healthy controls.
Recurrent reproductive failure and celiac genetic susceptibility, a leading role of gluten
Authors: de la Fuente-Munoz Eduardo , Fernández-Arquero Miguel , Subbhi-Issa Nabil , Guevara-Hoyer Kissy , Suárez Lydia Pilar , Laborda Raquel Gil , Sánchez Marina , Ochoa-Grullón Juliana , Guzmán-Fulgencio María , Villegas Ángela , Mansilla María Dolores , Pérez Noelia , Cornudella Ricardo Savirón , Gastañaga-Holguera Teresa , Urrutia Marta Calvo , García Ignacio Cristóbal , Sánchez-Ramón Silvia
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The prevalence of gluten-related disorders, mainly celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), varies between 0.6% and 13% in the general population. There is controversial evidence regarding the association of both CD and NCGS with extra-digestive manifestations, including recurrent reproductive failure (RRF), which may have clinical implications.

Objective

To study the prevalence of HLA susceptibility alleles for CD/NCGS in a cohort of female patients with RRF from a single reference center and to evaluate the effect of a gluten-free diet on reproductive success.

Material and methods

A retrospective study was conducted on 173 patients with RRF, consecutively attended at the Reproductive Immunology Unit of San Carlos University Clinical Hospital in Madrid. We collected and analyzed the clinical, analytical, and immunological profiles of RRF patients who presented HLA alleles associated with CD and NCGS (HLA DQ2.2, DQ2.5, DQ8, and DQ7.5).

Results

We observed a significantly higher prevalence of HLA alleles associated with CD and NCGS in our RRF cohort compared to the prevalence in the general population (69% vs. 35%–40%, p<0.0001). Only 2.3% of patients met the criteria for a CD diagnosis. In our RRF cohort, HLA-genetic susceptibility for CD/NCGS (HLA-risk group) was associated with a significantly higher rate of hypothyroidism compared to patients without these alleles (HLA-negative group) (48.7% vs. 26.92%, p=0.03). Patients with HLA-genetic susceptibility for CD/NCGS and thyroid disease had a significantly higher success rate in the subsequent pregnancy after management (55% vs. 30%, p=0.002). Two factors were found to be significant in this group: a gluten-free diet (p=0.019) and the use of levothyroxine (p=0.042).

Conclusions

In our cohort of RRF patients, we observed a significantly higher prevalence of HLA susceptibility genes for CD/NCGS compared to the general population, also associated with a higher incidence of thyroid alterations. A gluten-free diet and the use of levothyroxine in cases of thyroid pathology had significant beneficial effects on pregnancy outcomes. We suggest that HLA typing for CD/NCGS and a gluten-free diet, in the presence of risk alleles, can improve pregnancy outcomes in RRF patients.
Direct impact of psoriasis on gingival crevicular fluid levels of VEGF-A in periodontitis patients: a mediation analysis
Authors: Jiménez Constanza , Fernández Javier , Rodríguez Camila , Mancilla Juan Felipe , Pellegrini Elizabeth , Hernández Marcela , Valenzuela Fernando , Fernández Alejandra
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Emerging evidence suggests that psoriasis and periodontitis are linked via systemic inflammation. However, the role of angiogenesis as an additional connecting mechanism between these diseases remains unclear.

Methods

This case control study explored the effect of psoriasis on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in patients with different stages of periodontitis. Thirty-one patients with psoriasis (P) and thirty healthy controls (C) underwent physical and intraoral evaluations, with diagnoses confirmed by dermatologists and periodontists. GCF VEGF-A was measured using a multiplex-bead immunoassay. Statistical analyses included Fisher exact tests, Student’s T-tests, linear regression models, and mediation analyses.

Results

Psoriasis patients had significantly lower GCF VEGF-A levels compared to controls (p=0.008). Psoriasis was negatively associated with GCF VEGF-A (p=0.006), while severe periodontitis was positively associated with GCF VEGF-A levels, regardless of tobacco use (p=0.027). Further analyses revealed that severe periodontitis significantly increased GCF VEGF-A levels only in the C group (p=0.038), but not in psoriasis patients (p>0.610). Mediation analyses confirmed a significant direct and total effect of psoriasis on GCF VEGF-A (p>0.002), with no significant indirect effect through periodontitis (p=0.699).

Discussion

Psoriasis and severe periodontitis are associated with GCF levels of VEGF-A in opposite and independent ways. In subjects with psoriasis, the impact of the dermatosis is direct with no mediation from periodontitis.
Circulating mucosal-like IgA responses increase with severity of Puumala orthohantavirus-caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Authors: Cabrera Luz E. , Buckner Cienna , Then Veronica , Mäki Sanna , Vapalahti Olli , Vaheri Antti , Hepojoki Jussi , Tietäväinen Johanna , Mäkelä Satu , Mustonen Jukka , Strandin Tomas
Published: October 2024

Old World Orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) characterized by increased vascular permeability and acute kidney injury (AKI). Despite the systemic nature of the disease, the virus enters humans through inhalation and therefore initially encounters the immunoglobulin class A (IgA) dominated mucosal immune system. Herein, we characterized systemic IgA responses and their potential relationship to the mucosal immune activation by examining blood samples obtained from patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala orthohantavirus infection. Our findings reveal increased frequencies of putative IgA-expressing circulating mucosal-associated B1 cells and plasmablasts, as well as elevated levels of polyreactive, polymeric, virus-specific and secretory IgA in the acute stage of the disease. Importantly, the levels of circulating virus-specific and secretory IgA, as well as the putative IgA+ B1 cells, increased with the severity of AKI. Furthermore, circulating polymeric IgA displayed enhanced effector functions by forming stable complexes with the IgA receptor CD89 and induced pro-inflammatory neutrophil responses. These results suggest that excessive levels of circulating mucosal-like IgA might serve as a biomarker for HFRS disease progression.
Dupilumab combined with corticosteroid therapy for Kimura disease with multiple systemic masses: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lyu Yansi , Cui Yaqian , Ma Li , Guan Lvxin , Wen Ziping , Huang Jingkai , Shi Minglan , Hou Suchun
Published: October 2024

To date, the pathogenesis of Kimura’s disease remains unclear, there is no unified diagnostic criterion, the clinical phenotype shows considerable heterogeneity, and there is a lack of optimal treatment strategies. Due to its rarity, treatment strategies for KD are still under exploration. This paper reports a case of a 37-year-old Chinese female presenting with generalized erythematous papules and pruritic eruptions for 12 years, followed by the onset of limb swellings 3 years later, ultimately diagnosed as Kimura’s disease. Considering the patient’s multiple lymphadenopathies and limb swellings with concurrent atopic dermatitis, the treatment regimen included initial dupilumab dosage of 600 mg (300 mg administered in two injections), followed by subcutaneous injections of 300 mg every two weeks for four months. Concurrent oral corticosteroid therapy (methylprednisolone, initial dose 16 mg/kg/day, gradually tapered with tumor regression) was also administered. Following treatment, the patient did not experience severe adverse effects, and the multiple nodules markedly decreased in size. Additionally, serum IgE levels, eosinophil, and basophil counts showed significant reductions. These results demonstrate the significant efficacy of dupilumab combined with oral corticosteroids in treating Kimura’s disease with concurrent atopic dermatitis.
Study on the humidification mechanism of asphalt mixtures by modified zeolite
Authors: Zhi Suo , Tao Hu , Zihao Zhao , Jiaheng Hu , Xinxin Wang , Shijie Xu
Published: October 2024

Natural zeolite is commonly used as an adsorbent for road dust suppression due to its excellent moisture absorption properties. However, during the formation process, natural zeolite tends to accumulate some zeolite water, organic impurities, and metal cations that occupy the pore channels and cavities, thereby blocking the passage of water molecules and hindering their adsorption. This study aims to improve the weak moisture absorption rate and capacity of dust suppression asphalt mixtures caused by clogged pores and impurities in natural zeolite. To achieve this different concentrations of salt solutions (NH4Cl, NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2) are used as modifiers for the treatment of natural zeolite. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are used to study the interface and functional group changes between the modified zeolite substrate and asphalt mixture. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption curves of asphalt mixtures with different dosages were obtained using a nitrogen adsorption instrument. Based on this, parameters such as the specific surface area and adsorption pore volume of natural zeolite and modified zeolite asphalt mixtures were calculated using the BET and BJH methods. A macroscopic dust suppression test was further conducted to evaluate the dust suppression effect of the modified zeolite asphalt mixture on PM10. The results show that the moisture absorption rate and capacity of the modified zeolite are significantly improved. 20wt.%CaCl2 modification performs the best, and the moisture absorption capacity of the modified zeolite can reach up 10 times that of natural zeolite. Compared to the natural zeolite asphalt mixture, the specific surface area of the modified zeolite asphalt mixture is increased by 16.52%, and the adsorption pore volume is increased by 44.9%. The addition of modified zeolite powder significantly improves the dust suppression performance of the asphalt mixture. When the dosage of modified zeolite powder reaches 80%, the dust suppression effect reaches its peak, with an improvement of 16.34%.
Animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review
Authors: Feng Tiantian , Cao Juan , Ma Xiaoting , Wang Xinhua , Guo Xiaolong , Yan Na , Fan Chunling , Bao Shisan , Fan Jingchun
Published: October 2024

Objective

Experimental animal models have been used for decades to study the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is a lack of methods for constructing animal models of COPD for optimal modelling. This systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to assess the various methods used to establish COPD animal models, highlight their advantages and limitations, and explore more optimized approaches for establishing such models.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in four English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) and four Chinese databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database). Of the 8,015 retrieved full-text manuscripts, 453 were selected.

Results

Smoking (n = 140), smoking combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (n = 275), smoking combined with protease drip (PPE) (n = 10), smoking combined with bacteria (n = 23), and smoking combined with particulate matter (PM2.5) (n = 5) were the most used methods for establishing animal models of COPD. Rats and mice were the most frequently selected experimental animals, with male animals accounting for 79.47% of the total. A total of 92.49 and 29.14% of the articles reviewed considered lung pathology of experimental animals only and lung pathology and lung function tests, respectively.

Conclusion

Our review suggests that the best way to establish an animal model of COPD is to combine smoking with LPS. Although findings from animal models of COPD cannot be directly extrapolated to human COPD, they could provide useful tools for further investigation into human COPD disease.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023407555, Identifier PROSPERO CRD42023407555.
Identifying neurophysiological correlates of stress
Authors: Pei Dingyi , Tirumala Shravika , Tun Kyaw T. , Ajendla Akshara , Vinjamuri Ramana
Published: October 2024

Stress has been recognized as a pivotal indicator which can lead to severe mental disorders. Persistent exposure to stress will increase the risk for various physical and mental health problems. Early and reliable detection of stress-related status is critical for promoting wellbeing and developing effective interventions. This study attempted multi-type and multi-level stress detection by fusing features extracted from multiple physiological signals including electroencephalography (EEG) and peripheral physiological signals. Eleven healthy individuals participated in validated stress-inducing protocols designed to induce social and mental stress and discriminant multi-level and multi-type stress. A range of machine learning methods were applied and evaluated on physiological signals of various durations. An average accuracy of 98.1% and 97.8% was achieved in identifying stress type and stress level respectively, using 4-s neurophysiological signals. These findings have promising implications for enhancing the precision and practicality of real-time stress monitoring applications.
The oral-gut microbiota relationship in healthy humans: identifying shared bacteria between environments and age groups
Authors: Costa Carolina F. F. A. , Correia-de-Sá Teresa , Araujo Ricardo , Barbosa Fernando , Burnet Philip W. J. , Ferreira-Gomes Joana , Sampaio-Maia Benedita
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Although the oral cavity and the gut are anatomically continuous regions of the gastrointestinal tract, research on the relationship between oral and gut microbiota remains sparse. Oral-gut bacterial translocation is mostly studied in pathological contexts, thus evidence of translocation in healthy conditions is still scarce. Studying the oral-gut microbiota relationship in humans in different life stages is necessary in order to understand how these microbial communities might relate throughout life.

Methods

In this study, saliva and fecal samples were collected from healthy participants (39 children, 97 adults). Microbiota analysis was carried out by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, followed by amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis.

Results and discussion

Although the oral and gut microbiota are vastly different, a subset of 61 ASVs were present in both the oral cavity and gut of the same individual, and represented 1.6% of all ASVs detected. From these, 26 ASVs (classified into 18 genera: Actinomyces, Rothia, Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Alistipes, Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Akkermansia, Solobacterium, Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Gemella, Mogibacterium, Dialister, Veillonella, Christensenellaceae R-7 group) were present in both children and adults, suggesting the possibility of persistent colonization of both habitats by these microorganisms, initiating in childhood. Additionally, 62% of shared ASVs were more abundant in the oral cavity, indicating that oral-to-gut translocation may be the main route of translocation between environments, and highlighting that this phenomenon might be more common than previously thought in healthy individuals of all ages.
Nutritional intervention in end-stage renal disease: a clinical trial study
Authors: Tao Xueting , Qian Jiaolin , Hu Yongwei
Published: October 2024

Objective

Chronic kidney disease is a global health problem, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has a major impact on patients' quality of life and prognoses. However, studies on individualized nutritional therapy for patients with ESRD need more complementary evidence.

Methods

A clinical study was conducted based on a small population. It included patients with ESRD who underwent dialysis treatment in the Taicang Hospital Department of Nephrology, Soochow University, China, between January 2019 and December 2021. According to the randomized number table method, patients were divided into the nutritional treatment group (NIG) and the non-nutritional intervention control group (NNIG). There were 84 patients in the NIG and 92 patients in the NNIG. This study analyzed the changes in residual renal function (RRF) and indicators of blood and kidney function in ESRD with personalized nutritional therapy.

Results

The results show that nutritional interventions for ESRD are effective in reducing the rate of decline in RRF and improving indicators of blood and kidney function in patients with ESRD. It was also found that patients with diabetes mellitus gained fewer health benefits per unit of RRF improvement with individualized nutritional therapy.

Conclusion

This study provides important information about the treatment effects and factors associated with individual nutritional interventions in a population with ESRD. These results contribute to a better understanding of the effects of nutritional therapy in ESRD and provide a basis for managing it. Further studies should focus on specific populations and potential interventions to improve patient prognosis.
Relationship between relative fat mass and low-carbohydrate diet scores and sleep disorders in United States: a real-world cross-sectional study
Authors: Cao Cheng , Yu Keyi , Lin Fuquan , Xu Aie , Zhou Miaoni
Published: October 2024

Objective

To investigate the relationship between relative fat mass (RFM) and low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) scores and sleep disorders in the U.S. population.

Methods

Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2014. A total of 5,394 respondents participated in the study. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between RFM and LCD scores, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between RFM and LCD scores and sleep disorders. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to test for nonlinear associations between RFM and LCD scores and sleep disorders.

Results

A total of 5,394 participants were included in the statistical analysis, including 5,080 healthy participants and 314 with sleep disorders. Univariate and multivariate linear regression showed a bivariate positive correlation between RFM and LCD scores (p < 0.05), and logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between RFM (95% CI: 1.02–1.07, p = 0.005) LCD scores (95% CI: 1.00–1.03, p = 0.044) and sleep disturbances. Subgroup analyses showed robust effects of RFM and LCD score on sleep disorders.

Conclusion

RFM was positively and bi-directionally associated with LCD scores, both of which resulted as risk factors for sleep disorders. This study emphasizes that an LCD and lowering RFM can prevent and ameliorate the risk of sleep disorders.