bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux symptoms among Staff nurses involved in Night shifts in a Tertiary care hospital in Ariyur- A Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: Thiru Aravindan , kannan Suresh
Published: September 2024

Background Sleep deprivation may induce gastrointestinal disturbances and gastrointestinal symptoms may also lead to sleep derangements. Staff nurses in night shifts have high stress and burnouts.
Objectives 1. To assess the prevalence of gastrointestinal Reflux symptoms among staff nurses involved in night shifts in a tertiary care centre in Puducherry. 2. To find association between reflux symptoms and sleep quality among the staff nurses in night shift.
Material and methods The present study was cross sectional study carried out among staff nurses doing night shifts in a tertiary care centre in Puducherry for a period of 3 months. Participants with preexisting acid peptic disease, GI motility disorders, recent gastrointestinal surgeries, usage of analgesics at least once a month, pre-existing sleep disorders, pregnancy were excluded. The data was collected in a semi structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results Around 60% of the participants were found to have poor sleep quality. Around 14% had 89% chance of having GERD and 25% had 79% chance of GERD based on their symptoms. The regard to the association between GERD and sleep quality, those with poor sleep quality were found to have increased chance of experiencing GERD symptoms and the probability of GERD was also higher in them than those with good quality sleep according to PSQI.
Conclusion Both Gastroesophageal reflex disease and Sleep quality were found to be positively associated with each other.
Determinants of Food Security in Tobacco and Sugarcane Production Zones, Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Anino Erick Ochieng , Ngeno Vincent , Serem Alfred
Published: September 2024

At 34%, food insecurity in Migori County is considered alarming while its measurement has posed challenges to academicians and researchers whilst many studies exist on food security determinants, none has been done in Migori entailing tobacco producers, sugarcane growers and non-growers in Kuria and Migori sub-counties. The study examined food security determinants guided by a consumer theory and measured by means of HFIAS modelled in ologit model. Data collection was done using an open data kit pre-loaded with a questionnaire and analyzed using stata software wherein results depicted 38.89% as severely insecure, 33.33% moderately insecure, 9.26% mildly insecure and 18.52% food secure while household size, off-farm income, capital sourcing was significant at p<0.001 in varying degrees and categories after ologit regression analysis. There is need for the national government to provide cash crop insurance and fixed contracts to prevent risks associated with price fluctuations as well as invest in innovative biotechnology research through formulation of policies to aid in ensuring capacity building through its stakeholders such as the national research institutes and other donor agencies.
Role and Therapeutic Potential of P2X7 Receptor in Lung Cancer Progression
Authors: Cao Yahui , Du Yanan , Song Wei , Yu Qingqing , Wang Xin , Zhao Ronglan , Peng Xiaoxiang
Published: September 2024

Lung cancer is the second malignant tumor in the world and is the most prevalent
malignant tumor of the respiratory system. In lung cancer, the P2X7 receptor
(P2X7R) is an important purinergic receptor. P2X7R is a class of ionotropic adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)-gated receptors, which exists in many kinds of immune tissues and
cells and is involved in tumorigenesis and progression. P2X7R is closely related to lung
cancer and is expressed at higher levels in lung cancer than in normal lung tissue.
P2X7R plays a critical regulatory function in lung cancer invasion and migration
through multiple mechanisms of action and affects the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer
cells in the lung. Antagonists of P2X7R can block its function, which in turn has a
significant inhibitory effect on lung cancer cell development and progression. This paper
details a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of P2X7R. It focuses
on the impact and treatment potential of P2X7R in lung cancer invasion, migration, proliferation,
and apoptosis, providing new ideas and a new basis for clinical lung cancer
treatment and prognosis.
The AMPK/cAMP Metabolic Signaling Axis as a Possible Therapeutic Target for Diabetes
Authors: Nogueira-Machado José Augusto , Gomes Nathália Augusta , Rocha-Silva Fabiana
Published: September 2024

Diabetes is a complex disease, despite the availability of numerous
treatments, its progression and complications can only be mitigated and managed to a
certain extent. After the onset, diabetes cannot be reversed. Its global expansion
makes it challenging for governments to control the considerable costs of treating
people with diabetes. Many studies have been carried out by widely recognized
pharmaceutical companies that are considering the development of new drugs for
diabetic treatments. Diets, sedentary habits, and lifestyles that are currently
prevalent have an enormous influence on the global spread of diabetes. The tools
available to clinicians for therapy do not solve the problem. It is known that a patient,
when diagnosed, would already have had diabetes for more than three years. Studies
on diabetes signaling consider the effects of hyperglycemia but also highlight the roles
of insulin receptor activation and resistance.

Understanding the intricate signaling network and its interactions with hyperglycemiainduced
pathways is crucial. In this context, the cyclic AMP/AMPK axis emerges as a
promising therapeutic target for diabetes. However, there is a noticeable lack of
literature exploring the metabolic network induced by hyperglycemia and its
interconnected pathways. Therefore, investigating the cyclic cAMP/AMPK axis could
provide valuable insights, given its complex connections with various metabolic
pathways. This mini-review aims to delve into the metabolic signaling of the
AMPK/cAMP axis in the context of diabetes, highlighting its metabolic interactions and
potential implications.
Clinical Characteristics, Nutritional Status, and Disease Severity in Pediatric Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Mirkarimi Mohammadreza , Aminasnafi Ali , Alisamir Mohsen , Sabetsarvestani Fatemeh , Mohammadi Shooka
Published: September 2024

Background:

Limited clinical data are available regarding the impact of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) on children.

Objective:

This study assessed the clinical characteristics, nutritional status, and disease severity
in pediatric patients with COVID-19.

Methods:

A retrospective study examined medical records of children with COVID-19 admitted
to Abuzar Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) for six months. Data related to their clinical, nutritional status
and demographic characteristics were documented.

Results:

This study included medical records of 500 patients. More than half of them were boys.
Different levels of COVID-19 severity were observed in 202, 172, and 126 children as mild, moderate,
and severe cases, respectively. Children with severe or moderate COVID-19 had substantially
elevated levels of various inflammatory markers, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), gamma-glutamyl
transferase (GGT), neutrophils, alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, bilirubin, and aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) compared to those with mild COVID-19 (p < 0.001). They had lower levels
of lymphocytes and vitamin D, as well as longer hospital stays than children with mild
COVID-19 (p < 0.001). In addition, 52% and 40.2% of patients had malnutrition and anemia, respectively.
The majority of underweight and stunted children had moderate or severe COVID-19.

Conclusion:

This study revealed a high prevalence of malnutrition, anemia, insufficient levels of
vitamin D, elevated levels of inflammatory markers, and abnormal liver and kidney function tests
in children with severe or moderate cases of COVID-19 compared to those with mild COVID-19.
Potential Limitations of Biochar
Authors: Mahmood Rashid , Arooj Ammara , Sarfraz Rubab
Published: September 2024

Agriculture nowadays confronts several challenges due to the increase in
global food demand and environmental concerns. In recent years, there has been a
significant increase in the application of biochar in agricultural soils. Biochar has been
shown to have various benefits in enhancing soil quality and crop yield. Biochar can be
used to boost up the soil carbon pool, as an adsorbent to clean up soil contamination
and to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The fate of biochar in agricultural
soils has been found to depend on a few factors, including pyrolysis temperature,
feedstock, soil type, and biotic interactions. Biochar in freshwater systems and as a
source of black carbon emissions, however, calls for more research because they can
have detrimental effects on the climate and can also cause toxicity. Several techniques
used by biochar systems (such as surface albedo, black carbon emissions from soils,
etc.) or nutrient leakage into water bodies can also have adverse impacts on the climate.
Environmental assessment studies sometimes overlook these elements due to the
complexity of the implications. Specific emission factors derived from diverse climate
and ecosystem models are essential for improving the characterization of the
heterogeneity of varying local conditions and combinations of feedstock, pyrolysis
processes, soil conditions, and application practices. These factors can help improve
the resolution and accuracy of environmental sustainability analysis of biochar systems.
Moreover, the use of biochar has been shown to be harmful in several circumstances,
directly or indirectly deteriorating the agricultural soils and our environment.
Moreover, the variability in feedstock costs can pose challenges to the economic
viability of large-scale biochar production. Government policies and incentives that
support sustainable feedstock management and biochar production can play a
significant role in overcoming this hurdle and promoting the broader use of biochar for
its environmental and agricultural benefits. This chapter evaluates the limitations
associated with biochar production and its application in agricultural soils and the
environment.
Role of Antioxidants in Cancer Therapy and Chemoprevention
Authors: Revathi P. , Nirubama K.
Published: September 2024

Malignant diseases have been highlighted as one of the most prominent
causes of human mortality worldwide. The prevalence of cancer is constantly
increasing and is expected to reach three-fourths of the population in the next two
decades. Conventional cancer treatment involves surgery, controlling and reducing the
growth of cancer tissues using radiation, and chemotherapy. Many incidences prove
that chemical treatment for cancer is immensely associated with the recurrence of
cancer, and the development of resistance, and is prone to severe side effects. Since
natural products have now been used in the treatment of various diseases, the
anticancer properties of natural drugs and druggable products are interceded by various
mechanisms, including the initiation of programmed cell death, modulations in the
immune system, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Edible, medicinal plants and spices
used in traditional medicine to regulate vital molecular targets are important chemopreventive agents in the treatment of chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities in
drug development. Natural agents could trigger cell death signalling pathways in
tumour cells by stimulating anti-apoptotic proteins and/or overcoming pro-apoptotic
proteins and caspases. It inhibit protein kinase B (Akt), phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases
(PI3K), epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase
(EGFR/MAPK), as well as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B
cells (NF-κB). Bax/Bcl-2 ratio changes, inhibiting cellular proliferation, and
differentiation, and also activating apoptosis lead to less prominence. To summarize,
this chapter highlights the current status, and forthcoming prospects of cancer treatment
and prevention as well as the potential of bioactive compounds that have been used in
cancer treatment and chemoprevention.
Pengaruh Koneksi Politik dan Insentif Eksekutif Terhadap Praktik Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Lase Maria Inggried Soinia , Subroto Bambang
Published: September 2024

This research examined the effect of political connections and executive incentives on tax avoidance. The method used in this study is a descriptive-quantitative method with multiple linear regression tests for the analysis. The population of this study is all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020, with a sample consisting of 300 companies. This research finds that political connections increase tax avoidance practices, while executive incentives do not. These findings indicate that political connections make it easier for companies to access legislators, enabling companies to get information about state policies in advance and lowering the risk of being audited by the tax authorities. This research supports the rent-seeking theory so that this research can be used by the government, especially the tax authorities, as an evaluation material to periodically formulate regulations related to tax revenues and start paying special attention to the tax obligations of companies that have connections with the government. Furthermore, the results of this study suggest that future researchers should develop research by considering, developing, and examining other factors that may influence tax evasion by companies outside the variables in this study and extend the research period.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menguji pengaruh koneksi politik dan insentif eksekutif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan uji regresi linear berganda untuk analisisnya. Adapun populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2020 dengan sampel yang terdiri dari 300 perusahaan.  Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa koneksi politik memicu terjadinya peningkatan praktik penghindaran pajak, sedangkan insentif eksekutif tidak. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa koneksi politik membuat perusahaan memiliki akses yang lebih mudah kepada legislator sehingga memungkinkan perusahaan mendapat informasi perihal kebijakan negara lebih dulu dan risiko perusahaan untuk diperiksa oleh otoritas pajak menjadi lebih rendah. Penelitian ini mendukung teori rent-seeking sehingga penelitian ini dapat digunakan oleh pemerintah, terkhusus otoritas pajak, sebagai bahan evaluasi untuk secara berkala menyusun regulasi yang berhubungan dengan penerimaan perpajakan serta mulai memberikan perhatian khusus terhadap kewajiban perpajakan perusahaan-perusahaan yang memiliki koneksi dengan pemerintahan. Selanjutnya, hasil dari penelitian ini menyarankan peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengembangkan penelitian dengan mempertimbangkan, mengembangkan, dan meneliti faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi penghindaran pajak yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan di luar variabel dalam penelitian ini dan memperpanjang periode penelitian.
Development of Seemingly Unrelated Regression Analysis with Dummy Variables: Modeling the Relationship of Student Learning Outcome Indicators
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Pratama Muhamad Liswansyah
Published: September 2024

This research aims to develop a seemingly unrelated regression model with dummy variables to determine the relationship between factors that influence student learning outcomes in each subject which includes Religious Education, Citizenship, Indonesian, English, Mathematics, Sciences, Social Science, Cultural Arts, Physical Education and Crafts. This research is applied sciences using primary data obtained through a list of questions (questionnaire) given to class IX students at SMP Negeri 42 Batam. The predictor variables of this research include students' creativity, motivation, interests, talents, support from parents, friends and school where interests are the intercept dummy for this research. The results of the research show that there is a positive relationship between interest and the value of each subject and parental support in 9 subjects, but there is a negative relationship between school support in 8 subjects. Creativity and motivation have no relationship in every subject. The regression model obtained was good because 99.6% of the response variables could be explained by the predictor variables. It is hoped that this research will be used as evaluation material for students, parents and schools to improve learning outcomes where class IX students will of course pursue higher education the following year.
Bioconvective variable viscosity flow of Carreau nanofluid with external heat source and nonlinear radiation: Analysis with convective heat and mass constraints
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Alsayegh Rajab
Published: September 2024

In this study, an unsteady model for Carreau nanofluid with microorganism decomposition is developed. The viscosity and thermal conductivity of the Carreau nanofluid are considered variable. Magnetic and porosity effects are included using a magneto-porosity parameter. An additional heat source is introduced to improve heat transfer. Nonlinear analysis is applied for radiative applications. The flow is modeled using an oscillatory stretching surface. Convective mass and heat constraints are used to analyze the problem. Analytical computations are performed on the developed model. The significance of various parameters for the thermal problem is discussed. The results may enhance the performance of transport problems, heat transmission, energy systems, and thermal devices.
Central Hemodynamic and Thermoregulatory Responses to Food Intake as Potential Biomarkers for Eating Detection: Systematic Review
Authors: Chikwetu Lucy , Vakili Parker , Takais Andrew , Younes Rabih
Published: September 2024

Background

Diet-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, require strict dietary management to slow down disease progression and call for innovative management strategies. Conventional diet monitoring places a significant memory burden on patients, who may not accurately remember details of their meals and thus frequently falls short in preventing disease progression. Recent advances in sensor and computational technologies have sparked interest in developing eating detection platforms.

Objective

This review investigates central hemodynamic and thermoregulatory responses as potential biomarkers for eating detection.

Methods

We searched peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus on June 20, 2022, with no date limits. We also conducted manual searches in the same databases until April 21, 2024. We included English-language papers demonstrating the impact of eating on central hemodynamics and thermoregulation in healthy individuals. To evaluate the overall study quality and assess the risk of bias, we designed a customized tool inspired by the Cochrane assessment framework. This tool has 4 categories: high, medium, low, and very low. A total of 2 independent reviewers conducted title and abstract screening, full-text review, and study quality and risk of bias analysis. In instances of disagreement between the 2 reviewers, a third reviewer served as an adjudicator.

Results

Our search retrieved 11,450 studies, and 25 met our inclusion criteria. Among the 25 included studies, 32% (8/25) were classified as high quality, 52% (13/25) as medium quality, and 16% (4/25) as low quality. Furthermore, we found no evidence of publication bias in any of the included studies. A consistent postprandial increase in heart rate, cardiac output, and stroke volume was observed in at least 95% (heart rate: 19/19, cardiac output: 18/19, stroke volume: 11/11) of the studies that investigated these variables’ responses to eating. Specifically, cardiac output increased by 9%-100%, stroke volume by 18%-41%, and heart rate by 6%-21% across these studies. These changes were statistically significant (P<.05). In contrast, the 8 studies that investigated postprandial thermoregulatory effects displayed grossly inconsistent results, showing wide variations in response with no clear patterns of change, indicating a high degree of variability among these studies.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that central hemodynamic responses, particularly heart rate, hold promise for wearable-based eating detection, as cardiac output and stroke volume cannot be measured by any currently available noninvasive medical or consumer-grade wearables.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022360600; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=360600
Prompt Engineering Paradigms for Medical Applications: Scoping Review
Authors: Zaghir Jamil , Naguib Marco , Bjelogrlic Mina , Névéol Aurélie , Tannier Xavier , Lovis Christian
Published: September 2024

Background

Prompt engineering, focusing on crafting effective prompts to large language models (LLMs), has garnered attention for its capabilities at harnessing the potential of LLMs. This is even more crucial in the medical domain due to its specialized terminology and language technicity. Clinical natural language processing applications must navigate complex language and ensure privacy compliance. Prompt engineering offers a novel approach by designing tailored prompts to guide models in exploiting clinically relevant information from complex medical texts. Despite its promise, the efficacy of prompt engineering in the medical domain remains to be fully explored.

Objective

The aim of the study is to review research efforts and technical approaches in prompt engineering for medical applications as well as provide an overview of opportunities and challenges for clinical practice.

Methods

Databases indexing the fields of medicine, computer science, and medical informatics were queried in order to identify relevant published papers. Since prompt engineering is an emerging field, preprint databases were also considered. Multiple data were extracted, such as the prompt paradigm, the involved LLMs, the languages of the study, the domain of the topic, the baselines, and several learning, design, and architecture strategies specific to prompt engineering. We include studies that apply prompt engineering–based methods to the medical domain, published between 2022 and 2024, and covering multiple prompt paradigms such as prompt learning (PL), prompt tuning (PT), and prompt design (PD).

Results

We included 114 recent prompt engineering studies. Among the 3 prompt paradigms, we have observed that PD is the most prevalent (78 papers). In 12 papers, PD, PL, and PT terms were used interchangeably. While ChatGPT is the most commonly used LLM, we have identified 7 studies using this LLM on a sensitive clinical data set. Chain-of-thought, present in 17 studies, emerges as the most frequent PD technique. While PL and PT papers typically provide a baseline for evaluating prompt-based approaches, 61% (48/78) of the PD studies do not report any nonprompt-related baseline. Finally, we individually examine each of the key prompt engineering–specific information reported across papers and find that many studies neglect to explicitly mention them, posing a challenge for advancing prompt engineering research.

Conclusions

In addition to reporting on trends and the scientific landscape of prompt engineering, we provide reporting guidelines for future studies to help advance research in the medical field. We also disclose tables and figures summarizing medical prompt engineering papers available and hope that future contributions will leverage these existing works to better advance the field.
Effect of International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) on Community-Based Development Programme on Rural Livelihood in Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: M. Muntaka , M. Ibrahim , A. Ali
Published: September 2024

Rural development is a veritable tool for fighting poverty and achieving economic prosperity at the grassroots level. The major thrust of this study was to examine the effect of IFAD Community-Based Agricultural and Rural Development Programme on Rural Livelihood in Katsina State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study described the socio- economic characteristics of respondents; identified and described the basic infrastructure provided; determined the effect of infrastructure provided on livelihood of respondents; determined the satisfaction level with the infrastructure provided in the communities and identified and described the constraints to effective performance of IFAD-CBARDP in the study area. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit primary data from 278 respondents. Secondary data were the baseline data of IFAD-CBARDP. Descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test) were utilized for analyses. The findings revealed that, majorities (51%) of respondents were males, with average age of 40 years. About 97% were married, having a household size of between 5-10 persons, with about 68% of the respondent having an educational attainment of primary and secondary school. The result revealed that IFAD-CBARDP had impacted significantly (P 0.1) on the income of respondents at 10% level of probability. The programme had also recorded an increase in the number of assets and employment opportunities provided, after the first phase of the Programme implementation. Satisfaction level of respondents with the infrastructure provided was generally satisfactory. Nevertheless, low level of awareness, cultural factors and inadequate capital were the major constraints to effective performance of the Programme. It is therefore recommended that IFAD-CBARDP should be replicated in other Local Government Areas of the State for wider livelihood improvement. Programme planners and implementers should intensify awareness creation among rural dwellers and adopt the use of Community Driven Development approach (CDD) in the execution of Rural Development projects with poverty alleviation thrust as in the case of IFAD-CBARDP.
A Study of Macrofungal Flora of Chilkigarh, Jhargram District of West Bengal, India
Authors:   Vidyasagar Teachers’ Training College, Midnapore, WB, Bhaumik Arunima , Sutapa Biswas Dr. ,   Assistant Professor, Vidyasagar Teachers’ Training College, Midnapore, WB
Published: September 2024

Macrofungal are very important for various reasons. The diversity of macro fungi in Laterite region of West Bengal was explored. One subgenus has some ecological functions, were found to grow among two types of habitats, i.e., natural forests and plantation forests. Extensive field survey in different location of Chilkigarh of Jhargram district of West Bengal, was conducted from April, 2021 to July, 2021. Those macro fungi were collected for preparation of ataxonomic profile of macro fungi of this region. From this study area different types of macro fungus were collected. Among all identified macro fungal members belongs to Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Among those 7 species areedible, 8 species are medicinally important and 3 species are poisonous. Keywords: Wild fungi, Chilkigarh, Fungal flora of West Midnapore, Macrofungal diversity
“Del daguerreotipo al cinematógrafo, del Parián a Plateros. El siglo XIX en las calles de la ciudad”. Crónicas periodísticas del siglo XIX. Antología
Authors: Mercado Noyola Francisco Rodolfo
Published: September 2024

Reseña de Crónicas periodísticas del siglo XIX. Antología. Coordinación, selección y prólogo de Miguel Ángel Castro; colaboración, edición y asesoría de Ana María Romero Valle y María Bertha V. Guillén. México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliográficas, 2023, 542 p. ISBN: 978-607-30-7619-7.
Falsehood in Wartime: Hiding Truths and Spreading Untruths in Russia During the First Year of Putin’s War in Ukraine’
Authors: Black L.J.
Published: September 2024

The old adage that truth is the first casualty of war held fast during the build-up to, and the conduct of, the ‘special military operation’ (SVO) launched by Vladimir Putin against Ukraine on 24 February 2022 is no exception to the rule. The Russian state’s methods for sustaining its changing official narrative about the SVO are detailed here, as are the ways and means the dissident portion of Russia’s citizenry made their objections to the war in Ukraine heard during its first year.  The Kremlin’s already firm grip in the distribution of information was tightened. Russia’s wordsmiths were silenced, jailed or fled the country. School curricula were re-organized so that they became incubators of young Russian patriots. The paper concludes with conjecture on why the state’s message found such a welcoming audience among Russians, at least during the first year of war.
Les réponses du Kremlin aux voix pacifistes en Russie : annoncer la couleur pendant la première année de la guerre
L’« opération militaire spéciale » (SVO), déclenchée par Vladimir Poutine contre l’Ukraine le 24 février 2022, a surpris la majorité des Russes. Il a fallu les persuader de sa justesse, par tous les moyens possibles. Cet article détaille les méthodes employées par l’État russe pour appuyer son discours officiel changeant au sujet de la SVO ainsi que les moyens trouvés par les groupes dissidents de la société civile pour faire entendre leur voix durant la première année de la guerre. Le Kremlin a affermi sa poigne déjà puissante sur la distribution des informations tandis que les opposants vocaux ont été réduits au silence, emprisonnés ou forcés de fuir le pays. Les programmes des écoles ont été modifiés afin qu’elles servent d’incubateurs de jeunes patriotes russes. L’article se conclut par une conjecture sur les raisons qui ont poussé le public russe à accepter le message étatique si chaleureusement, du moins pendant la première année de la guerre.
Brexit: A critical juncture in Canada-Europe relations?
Authors: Hurrelmann Achim
Published: September 2024

Brexit: A critical juncture in Canada-Europe relations?
This article assesses how Brexit – the withdrawal of the United Kingdom (UK) from the European Union (EU) – has impacted Canada’s relations with its European partners. Based on a historical institutionalist framework, it reviews three key dimensions of Brexit: economic disintegration, political differentiation, and populist mobilization. In each dimension, it assesses whether Brexit has increased institutional contingency – meaning that it opened up competing options for the development of Canada-UK and Canada-EU relations – and reviews which forms of institutional change have occurred in since the 2016 referendum.
Le Brexit : un moment critique pour les relations transatlantiques du Canada
Cet article évalue l’impact du Brexit - le retrait du Royaume-Uni de l’Union européenne (UE) - sur les relations que le Canada entretient avec ses partenaires européens. L’article se fonde sur une approche historique et institutionnaliste pour passer en revue trois dimensions du Brexit : la désintégration économique, la différenciation politique et la mobilisation populiste. Pour chaque dimension, il détermine si le Brexit a constitué un moment critique pour les relations transatlantiques du Canada (c’est-à-dire, le Brexit a-t-il augmenté la contingence institutionnelle ?) puis établit les changements survenus depuis le référendum de 2016. L’analyse montre que le Brexit a en effet donné lieu à des débats publics sur les nouvelles orientations des relations Canada-Royaume-Uni et Canada-UE. Cependant, les changements qui ont eu lieu depuis le Brexit sont restés graduels et relativement subtils. Dans la dimension économique, un ensemble limité de nouvelles institutions Canada-Royaume-Uni s’est ajouté aux institutions Canada-UE sans les remettre en question. Dans la dimension politique, les configurations institutionnelles sont demeurées stables. Quant à la dimension du populisme, l’augmentation de la politisation des relations transatlantiques dans les discours des partis politiques canadiens ne s’est pas répercutée plus largement dans la société.
Penyelesaian Perkara Secara Prodeo (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar)
Authors: Gusti Bagus Windu Sada  , A.A. Sagung Laksmi Dewi  , I Nyoman Sutama  , I Nyoman Putu Budiartha  , I Nyoman Subamia
Published: September 2024

Indonesia adalah negara hukum sebagai mana bunyi pasal 1 ayat 3 undang-undang dasar 1945, yang menjamin setiap orang di hadapan hukum memiliki arti bahwa semua orang memiliki hak untuk di perlakukan sama di hadapan hukum. Persamaan perlakuan di hadapan hukum tersebut berlaku bagi setiap orang tanpa membeda-bedakan latar belakang suku, Agama, Ekonomi atau keturunan untuk memperoleh keadilan melalui lembaga peradilan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyelesaian perkara secara prodeo (studi kasus di pengadilan negeri Denpasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penyelesaian perkara secara prodeo (studi kasus di pengadilan negeri Denpasar, dalam hukum acara perdata orang yang mengajukan perkara harus membayar biaya perkara yang harus di bayar pada waktu pendaftaran, namun tidak semua orang mempunyai kemampuan ekonomi yang memadai. Dalam hukum acara perdata terdapat pengecualian bagi yang miskin dapat mengajukan perkara prodeo dengan melampirkan surat keterangan tidak mampu yang di keluarkan oleh kepala desa atau lurah. Dari latar belakang tersebut permasalahannya : (1) Apakah Faktor- faktor penyebab berperkara secara berprodeo di pengadilan negeri denpasar? Dan (2) Bagaimanakah proses melakukan prodeo di pengadilan negeri denpasar? Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris, menggunakan pendekatan penelitian secara langsung (Wawancara), mengkaji dari sumber data primer dan skunder.
Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Zona Tradisional Teluk Gilimanuk Seksi Pengelolaan Wilayah I Taman Nasional Bali Barat
Authors: Anak Agung Nia Listiari  , Luh Putu Sudini  , Luh Putu Suryani
Published: September 2024

Efektivitas adalah proses penggunaan sumber daya, sarana dan prasarana sampai batas tertentu dan ditentukan secara sadar dalam rangka menghasilkan sejumlah barang untuk keperluan kegiatan yang dilakukan dan untuk menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam hal memenuhi tujuan yang ditetapkan dalam zona tradisional seksi pengelolaan wilayah I Taman Nasional Bali Barat. Penelitian ini mengkaji dua hal yaitu ruang lingkup pemanfaatan zona tradisional SDA secara lestari, pelaksanaan pemanfaatan zona tradisional pengelolaan wilayah I Taman Nasional Bali Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan dari pemanfaatan zona tradisional di seksi pengelolaan wilayah I terlaksana. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode empiris dan pendekatan sosiologis hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam pemanfaatan yang dilakukan di zona tradisional pengelolaan wilayah I Taman Nasional Bali Barat yang bersifat kerjasama lembaga dan mendukung efektivitas serta meningkatnya pendapatan kelompok yang dibina.
Tinjauan Sosiologi Hukum Tentang Aksi Vandalisme Terhadap Fasilitas Umum Di Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Hasan Zainudin , Anugrah Aditya Ramadhan  , Hattal Musyafa  , Apta Zaki Albiruni
Published: September 2024

Vandalisme adalah penghancuran milik orang lain atau milik umum. Salah satu pasal KUHP yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi vandalisme adalah KUHP Pasal 406 yang tidak secara khusus menyebutkan tulisan dan hanya menggunakan istilah perusakan dan perusakan. Dengan demikian, penggunaan kata merusak dan memusnahkan dalam penggunaan kata merusak dan memusnahkan dalam Pasal 406 KUHP tetap tidak dapat dipahami, karena ketentuan tersebut tidak secara khusus mengatur tentang tulisan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Tinjauan Sosiologi Hukum Tentang Aksi Vandalisme Terhadap Fasilitas Umum di Kota Bandar Lampung. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mewawancarai pelaku kejahatan, polisi dan masyarakat, dan kejahatan remaja dipandang sebagai keprihatinan, terutama terkait dengan kebebasan berekspresi, yang tidak terpantau dengan baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian hal ini merupakan masalah yang harus dihadapi bersama dan menjadi tanggung jawab bersama kedua kelompok pendidikan, termasuk keluarga, sekolah dan aparat penegak hukum seperti kepolisian, kejaksaan dan pengadilan. Pemerintah sebagai penentu besiyaat mulai dari tahap kemanahan, kekehitaan, dan persuakan keamaanaan, serta tertib masyarakat.
Keberadaan Asas Ius Curia Novit dalam Perkara Perdata
Authors: I Made Dera Januartha  , I Made Suwitra  , Ni Made Puspasutri Ujianti
Published: September 2024

Asas ius curia novit yaitu hakim dianggap mengetahui dan memahami segala hukum, maka tersirat makna pengadilan dilarang untuk menolak, memeriksa, dan mengadili sebuah perkara memberikan beberapa pandangan yang berbeda. Hal ini berarti bahwa dianggap mengetahui serta dapat memberi putusan pada setiap permasalahan dimasyarakat. Rumusan masalah yang dibahas yakni Bagaimana makna asas ius curia novit dalam perkara perdata? Dan Bagaimana kewenangan hakim dalam pelaksanaan asas ius curia novit?. Penelitian yang dipergunakan ialah penelitian normatif. Makna asas ius curia novit yaitu hakim dilarang untuk menolak sebuah perkara karena hakim memiliki kewenangan untuk menemukan hukumnya sesuai pasal 5 ayat (1) yang kemudian dijelaskan kembali dalam pasal 50 ayat (1) undang-undang nomor 48 tahun 2009. Unsur asas ius curia novit yaitu menerima, memeriksa, menentukan hukum, menemukan hukum dan putusan yang berpedoman dengan tujuan hukum. Wewenang hakim yaitu kekuasaan yang merdeka dan telah diatur dalam konstitusi. Hal ini bertujuan baik untuk peradilan, oleh sebab itu dengan ada kelongaran serta sikap merdeka hakim lebuis bisa memutus perkara sesuai atas hukum yang adil.
Pengadaan Tanah untuk Pembangunan Shortcut Berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 di Desa Antosari Kecamatan Selemadeg Barat Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: I Made Andi Putra Mahardika  , Ida Ayu Putu Widiati  , Luh Putu Suryani
Published: September 2024

Tanah memiliki arti yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia karena sebagian besar kehidupan manusia bergantung pada tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang hak atas tanah dan pembayaran ganti rugi dari pembebasan lahan masyarakat dalam pengadaan shortcut di Desa Antosari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat yang tanahnya diambil untuk kepentingan umum, yang secara formal telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, perlu terus ditingkatkan perwujudannya secara konsekuen dan konsisten. Ganti rugi lahan masyarakat diberikan dalam bentuk uang, meskipun terkadang juga dapat diberikan dalam bentuk barang atau jasa yang memiliki nilai yang setara dengan uang. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang hak atas tanah dalam pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum dapat diartikan sebagai penghormatan terhadap hak-hak perorangan atas tanah. Pelaksanaan pemberian ganti kerugian dalam pengadaan tanah mengalami hambatan yang berasal dari masyarakat karena adanya perbedaan pendapat antara masyarakat dan instansi, serta perbedaan keinginan dalam menentukan bentuk dan besarnya ganti kerugian.
Penyidikan sebagai Upaya Mengungkap Tindak Pidana Percobaan Pembunuhan di Wilayah Hukum Polres Tabanan
Authors: I Putu Aditya Pramana  , I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha  , I Gusti Agung Ayu Gita Pritayanti Dinar
Published: September 2024

Tindak pidana percobaan pembunuhan, yang dipicu oleh perasaan sakit hati, menggambarkan bahwa pelaku berniat memberikan racun serangga kepada suaminya, tetapi yang menjadi korban adalah istri pertama. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana proses penyidikan sebagai upaya dalam mengungkap tindak pidana percobaan pembunuhan di wilayah hukum Polres Tabanan dan apa saja hambatan pelaksanaan proses penyidikan sebagai upaya dalam mengungkap tindak pidana percobaan pembunuhan di wilayah hukum Polres Tabanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian empiris. Proses penyidikan dimulai dari laporan masyarakat, dilanjutkan dengan kedatangan penyidik ke lokasi kejadian, pemeriksaan saksi-saksi, dan akhirnya penyidik dapat menentukan tersangka. Hambatan internal dalam kasus percobaan pembunuhan terletak pada jumlah penyidik yang kurang memadai secara keseluruhan. Hambatan eksternalnya adalah adanya upaya untuk merahasiakan kejadian sebenarnya oleh pihak keluarga.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pemilik Tanah untuk Mendapatkan Kompensasi atas Pendirian Sarana Transmisi Listrik di Denpasar
Authors: Darma Budi Setiawan  , I Nyoman Putu Budiartha  , Ida Ayu Putu Widiati
Published: September 2024

Pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum mencakup pembangunan jaringan listrik, yang dapat dijelaskan sebagai tindakan memperoleh tanah dengan membayar kepada pihak yang berhak dengan harga yang adil dan pantas. Pentingnya adanya perlindungan hukum bagi pemilik tanah untuk menerima ganti rugi atas pembangunan sarana transmisi listrik di Denpasar karena penggunaan tanah milik pribadi untuk pembangunan jaringan listrik akan diberikan kompensasi yang sesuai. Dalam penelitian tesis ini, jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta penalaran deduktif dan/atau induktif. Fokus penelitian adalah bagaimana hak-hak pemilik tanah di area pendirian PT dilindungi secara hukum. Di Denpasar, PLN (Persero) menerapkan dua pendekatan: perlindungan hukum preventif dan perlindungan hukum represif. Tanah yang digunakan langsung oleh pemegang izin usaha untuk penyediaan tenaga listrik, serta bangunan dan tanaman yang berada di atas tanah tersebut, akan mendapatkan ganti rugi sesuai hak atas tanah. Selain itu, kompensasi diberikan atas penggunaan lahan secara tidak langsung oleh pemegang izin usaha penyediaan tenaga listrik, yang dapat mengurangi nilai ekonomi tanah, bangunan, dan tanaman yang dilalui oleh infrastruktur transmisi listrik.
Sanksi Pidana dalam Tindak Pidana Pemilu terkait dengan Asas Lex Specialis Derogate Legi Generali
Authors: Ida Ayu Sintya Wulandari  , I Wayan Rideng  , Luh Putu Suryani
Published: September 2024

Dalam Pemilu, tindak pidana Pemilu biasanya terjadi. Untuk menentukan penanganan dan sanksi yang berlaku dalam tindak pidana Pemilu, diperlukan suatu peraturan yang memberikan kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Penelitian ini fokus pada pengaturan dan sanksi dalam tindak pidana Pemilu yang terkait dengan asas lex specialis derogate legi generali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tindak Pidana Pemilu diatur dalam KUHP, BAB IV buku kedua. Secara khusus, Pemilu juga diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilu. Tindak Pidana Pemilu merupakan kelompok tindak pidana dengan kodifikasi khusus, karena Pemilu sendiri mengikuti tahap pelaksanaan yang sudah diatur secara jelas dan pasti, berbeda dengan tindak pidana lainnya. Sanksi pidana dalam Tindak Pidana Pemilu yang terkait dengan asas lex specialis derogate legi generali tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Pemilu Pasal 488 sampai dengan Pasal 544. Penjatuhan sanksi dan hukumannya berdasarkan kualifikasi perbuatan pidana yang dilakukan oleh pelaku tindak pidana tersebut.
Tanggung Jawab PT. PLN (Persero) dalam Pelaksanaan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Pekerja Teknisi Lapangan (Studi pada PT. PLN Rayon Mengwi, Badung)
Authors: Nyoman Bagus Ngurah Arya Dinata  , Anak Agung Istri Agung  , I Wayan Kartika Jaya Utama
Published: September 2024

Salah satu resiko tinggi dalam dunia pekerjaan adalah Pekerjaan Dalam Keadaan Bertegangan (PDKB) yang dilakukan oleh pekerja teknisi lapangan di PT. PLN (PERSERO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tanggung jawab PT. PLN (PERSERO) Rayon Mengwi dalam pelaksanaan keselamatan dan kesehatan pekerja teknisi lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum empiris dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap pihak terkait dan studi bahan hukum, serta menggabungkan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan fakta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di PT. PLN (PERSERO) Rayon Mengwi, Badung, belum memenuhi standar peraturan perundang-undangan. Hal ini terutama disebabkan oleh kurangnya kedisiplinan pekerja dalam menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri yang telah disediakan oleh perusahaan. Situasi ini dapat memiliki konsekuensi fatal dan mengancam nyawa pekerja. Keterbatasan jumlah pengawas juga menjadi faktor yang membuat perusahaan kesulitan dalam memantau tingkat kedisiplinan pekerja terhadap peraturan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di tempat kerja.
Pertanggungjawaban Kepolisian sebagai Penyidik dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Intan Dian Vitaloka  , Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi  , Luh Putu Suryani
Published: September 2024

Kepolisian, sebagai penegak hukum yang bertujuan memelihara ketertiban dan keamanan masyarakat, menghadapi tantangan besar dalam penanganan kasus narkotika. Artikel ini meneliti ketentuan hukum terkait dengan diskresi polisi dalam penyidikan tindak pidana narkotika dan tugas polisi dalam mengumpulkan barang bukti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode empiris dengan data primer dan sekunder serta wawancara terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan hukum mendukung diskresi polisi dalam tugas penyidikan. Namun, masalah terbatasnya jumlah penyidik, pengelolaan barang bukti yang kurang optimal, dan kendala keuangan menjadi tantangan utama. Saran meliputi peningkatan personel penyidik, penanganan narkotika yang lebih efektif, dan peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat dalam pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkotika. Dengan langkah-langkah ini, diharapkan penegakan hukum akan lebih efisien dalam mengatasi masalah narkotika.
Implikasi Pemberlakuan Kebijakan Visa Pada Rumah Kedua (Second Home Visa) di Indonesia)
Authors: Kadek Dini Destianingsih  , I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha  , Ida Ayu Putu Widiati
Published: September 2024

Kebijakan visa rumah kedua atau second home visa menimbulkan sejumlah kritik. Pada kebijakan visa rumahkedua atau second home visa akan resmi diberlakukan pada tanggal 24 Desember yaitu sejak 60 hari sejak suratedaran diterbitkan pada tanggal 25 Oktober lalu. Permasalahan dari penelitian ini mengenai bagaimana pengaturanhukum kebijakan visa pada rumah kedua di Indonesia dan bagaimana implikasi terhadap pemberlakuan kebijakanvisa pada rumah kedua di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Jenispendekatan menggunakan konseptual, pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian ini pun membuktikanbahwasanya pengaturan kebijakan visa ini sejalan dengan surat edaran Dirjen Imigrasi Nomor IMI-0740.GR.01.01 Tahun 2022 terkait pemberian visa dan kitas rumah kedua dinyatakan bahwasanya pemohonsecond home visa diwajibkan memenuhi syarat proof of fund setidaknya Rp. 2 Milyar. Adapun dampak yuridisdari kebijakan ini yaitu dampak langsung bagi perekonomian Indonesia berupa daya tariknya wisman untukberbelanja pada produk lokal di destinasi, dan dampak non yuridis dari kebijakan ini fenomena migrasi orangasing ke Indonesia.