bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BANKING BUSINESS
Authors: Kovalenko Victoria , Sergeeva Olena
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Improving the relationship between banks and stakeholders in modern conditions involves the development and implementation of a balanced system of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility. The influence of stakeholders on the development of the banking business should be considered from the standpoint of the current state of the banking services market; evaluation of corporate governance performance indicators as a basis for establishing relationships with bank stakeholders; formation of relations between banks and stakeholders on the basis of corporate social responsibility.
Methods. The authors used dialectical and systemic approaches to study the peculiarities of the relationship between banks and stakeholders; abstract and logical method - for theoretical generalizations and substantiation of ways to improve the relationship of banks with stakeholders on the basis of corporate social responsibility; statistical and analytical method - to assess indicators of corporate governance efficiency as a basis for establishing relationships with stakeholders of banks.
Results. The classification of stakeholders according to the level of influence on the target function of the institution is determined, namely: the group of normative influence formation, the group of determining influence, the group of functional influence and diffuse groups of indirect influence. The stakeholders of the bank are analyzed depending on the environment of its operation. The key challenges for the banking business from the standpoint of the interests of the bank's customers, from the standpoint of the interests of investors (owners) of the banking business, from the standpoint of the regulator. The evaluation of corporate governance efficiency indicators was carried out, namely: the dynamics of banks' financial results and their profitability. Quantitative criteria for assessing the level of social orientation of banking institutions in terms of stakeholders are substantiated. It is proved that the process of managing corporate social programs should be based on determining the priorities of the bank's social policy; creation of a special structure for managing social programs; conducting training programs in the field of social responsibility; implementation of the bank's social programs; evaluating and informing stakeholders of the results of the bank's social programs.
Discussion. Prospects for research are to shift the emphasis to defining the goals that need to be achieved when interacting with each of the stakeholders; factors that affect the achievement of these goals and possible risks.
Keywords: stakeholders, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, social programs, banking business.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FILLING OF LOCAL BUDGETS
Authors: Fugelo Pavlina , Savitska Svitlana
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The topical matter is defined due to the need of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact assessment and legislative innovations aimed at counteracting it, to change the volume and structure of local budget revenues.
Methods. The methodological basis of the study are methods of empirical research (comparison, measurement, monitoring); methods of theoretical research (ascent from the abstract to the concrete, idealization, deductive and axiomatic method); general methods used both at the empirical and theoretical level of research (abstraction and concretization, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy).
Results. The article deals with detailed changes to the Tax Law book, as tax revenues are the main source of filling local budgets. In particular, changes are related to personal income tax, local taxes and fees (including real estate tax, land fees, unified tax). The moratorium impact on the application of penalties and inspections on the filling of local budgets is noted.
The decision’s influence of the local self-government body regarding the reduction of unified tax rates for I and II groups of unified taxpayers on local budget revenues has been studied.
The dynamics and structure of owned revenues of Kamianets-Podilskyi for 2017-2019 is analyzed. The amounts of possible shortcomings of local budgets due to the initiation of quarantine measures are calculated. The reasons for reduction of revenues from excise tax, land tax, unified tax, tourist tax, from the application of fines and other sanctions are explained.
Discussion. The outlook for further research is to outline the ways to overcome negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting quarantine measures for local budgets.
Keywords: local budget revenues, pandemic, budget legislation, tax legislation, budget deficit.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА НА ВОДНЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ БАССЕЙНА Р. КУРЫ (В ПРЕДЕЛАХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ГРУЗИЯ)
Authors: Гавардашвили Г. В. , Иорданишвили И. К. , Вартанов М. В. , Иремашвили И. Р.
Published: July 2020

В границах Республики Грузия приводятся мероприятия, стимулирующие устойчивый подход к управлению водными ресурсами реки Куры, сведения о глобальном потеплении, классификации затрат на подачу оросительной воды. Изложены некотрые соображения по разработке принципов управления водными ресурсами в условиях трансграничных стран, каковыми являются Грузия, Азербайджан, Турция, Армения, Иран.
МНОГОЛЕТНЯЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ТЕРМИЧЕСКОГО РЕЖИМА И ТЕПЛОВОЙ БАЛАНС РЕКИ ЛАНЬ
Authors: Шешко Н. Н. , Кухаревич М. Ф.
Published: July 2020

В статье выполнено исследование пространственно-временной изменчивости термического режима реки Лань, включающее изучение изменений температуры воды за многолетний и внутриводной периоды. Составлено для участка реки Лань уравнение теплового баланса и предложенспособ вычисления его компонентов. Представлены результаты многолетней изменчивости теплового баланса и установлена роль отдельных метеорологических, гидрологических и актинометрических характеристик.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОЗДАНИЯ И ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ ЦЕНТРОВ КАК ОДНОГО ИЗ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ФАКТОРОВ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Вакулич Н. А.
Published: July 2020

В статье приведен анализ факторов, обусловливающих развитие региона, описана деятельность органов государственной власти по развитию логистических центров, а также рассмотрено влияние логистических центров на региональное развитие.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КОНЪЮНКТУРЫ ВАЛЮТНОГО РЫНКА НА ДОХОДЫ СЕКТОРОВ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Обухова И. И.
Published: July 2020

Приведены результаты исследования, направленного на создание методики оценки и прогнозирования финансовых результатов участников сделок на валютном рынке в условиях воздействия позиционного и курсового риска. Систематизированы основные инструменты срочного
рынка, предложены стратегии их использования для хеджирования финансовых рисков, рассмотрены факторы активизации биржевого рынка
срочных сделок.
ТОВАРЫ ИНТЕНСИВНОГО ОБНОВЛЕНИЯ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ ДЕЙСТВИЯ ФАКТОРОВ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ ИХ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Сергиевич Т. В.
Published: July 2020

В статье раскрываются тенденции изменения системы потребления в современном обществе. Показано, как увеличение доли знакового
потребления влияет на производство товаров интенсивного обновления. Исследованы факторы, обусловливающие интенсификацию потребления товаров, а также механизмы их действия. Раскрываются особенности трансформации системы факторов, влияющих на потребительский выбор в современном обществе, которые проявляются не только в снижении доли ценовых и увеличении доли неценовых факторов, но
и в изменении самих механизмов действия традиционных факторов потребления.
Розробка програмного алгоритму автоматичної системи клімат-контролю в офісному приміщенні за допомогою ПТК «КОНТАР»
Authors: Luta A. V. , Tatarenko O. V. , Afanasieva M. A.
Published: July 2020

Люта А. В., Татаренко О. В., Афанасьєва М. А. Розробка програмного алгоритму автоматичної системи клімат-контролю в офісному приміщенні за допомогою ПТК «КОНТАР» // Вісник ДДМА. – 2019. – № 2 (46). – С. 130–135.

В статті розроблено автоматичну систему клімат-контролю офісного приміщення шляхом розробки програмного алгоритму за допомогою ПТК «КОНТАР». Комплекс модульних пристроїв «КОНТАР» призначений для вирішення широкого кола завдань автоматизації теплопостачання, вентиляції, кондиціонування повітря, а також автоматизації котелень, електротермічних печей та інших енергетичних установок. Програмно-технічний комплекс «КОНТАР» Московського заводу теплової автоматики являє собою систему модулів, що виконують спільне завдання розподіленого управління і збору інформації, пов'язаних між собою інтерфейсом і загальним протоколом обміну. Розроблено функціональну схему автоматичної системи клімат-контролю. Розроблено програмний алгоритм системи клімат-контролю в офісному приміщенні за допомогою програмного середовища Kongraph. У розробленому програмному алгоритмі реалізовані системи керування заслінками, регулювання температури, рівня вологості та рівня вуглекислого гасу у офісному приміщенні. Розроблено програмний алгоритм управління заслінками подачі повітря. Розроблено програмний алгоритм регулювання рівня вологості у приміщенні. Розроблено програмний алгоритм регулювання рівня СО2. Розроблено програмні алгоритми майстер-контролера МС8, слейв-контролера МС5 та релейного модуля MR8 мовою функціональних блоків в програмному середовищі Kongraph. Конвертація і транслювання розроблених програмних алгоритмів здійснюється за допомогою програми Keil. Для того щоб помістити отримані після транслювання бінарні файли у контролери, використовується програма Console. Розроблений програмний алгоритм автоматичної системи клімат-контролю в офісному приміщенні за допомогою ПТК «КОНТАР» можна використовувати в інших приміщеннях. Для того, щоб адаптувати його для інших приміщень, необхідно тільки відкоригувати необхідні параметри завдання температури, вологості та концентрації СО2, якщо умови відрізняються.
Fungal associates of an invasive pine-infesting bark beetle, Dendroctonus valens, including seven new Ophiostomatalean fungi
Authors: Marincowitz S. , Duong T.A. , Taerum S.J. , de Beer Z.W. , Wingfield M.J.
Published: July 2020

The red turpentine beetle (RTB; Dendroctonus valens ) is a bark beetle that is native to Central and NorthAmerica. This insect is well-known to live in association with a large number of Ophiostomatalean fungi. The beetle is considered a minor pest in its native range, but has
killed millions of indigenous pine trees in China after its appearance in that country in the late1990s. Inorder to increase the base of knowledge regarding the RTB and its symbionts, surveys of the beetle's fungal associates were initially undertaken in China, and in a subsequent study in
its native range in North America. A total of 30 Ophiostomatalean species that included several undescribed taxa, were identified in these surveys. In the present study, seven of the undescribed taxa collected during the surveys were further characterised based on their morphological characteristics
and multi-genephylogenies. We proceeded to describe five of these as novel Leptographium spp. and two as new species of Ophiostoma. Four of the Leptographium spp. resided in the G. galeiformis-species complex, while one formed part of the L. olivaceum species
complex. One Ophiostoma sp. was a member of the O. ips-species complex, while the only new species from China was closely related to O. floccosum. Two of the previously undescribed taxa from North America were shown to be congeneric with L. terebrantis,
implying that this species was most often isolated in association with the RTB in North America. The undescribed taxon from North America was identified as O. ips, and like L. terebrantis, this species was also not recognized during the initial North American survey. Resolving
the identities of these taxa provides essential baseline information to better understand the movement of fungal pathogens with this beetle. This then enhances our ability to accurately assess and predict the risks of invasions by these and related fungi.
Steel Surface Defect Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Fadli Vira Fitriza , Herlistiono Iwa Ovyawan
Published: July 2020

Steel defects are a frequent problem in steel companies. Proper quality control can reduce quality problems arising from steel defects. Nowadays, steel defects can detect by automation methods that utilize certain algorithms. Deep learning can help the steel defect detection algorithm become more sophisticated. In this study, we use deep learning CNN with Xception architecture to detect steel defects from images taken from high-frequency and high-resolution cameras. There are two techniques used, and both produce respectively 0.94% and 0.85% accuracy. The Xception architecture used in this case shows optimal and stable performance in the process and its results.
PENGARUH TERAPI BERMAIN PLASTISIN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Wahyuni Nuniek Tri , Priani Iip
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAKKeterampilan motorik halus merupakan kemampuan otot-otot kecil dan koordinasi mata dan tangan, sehingga anak mampu melakukan suatu aktivitas mandiri dengan baik. Salah satu media untuk pengembangan dan kemampuan motorik halus anak adalah menggunakan plastisin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh bermain plastisin terhadap perkembangan motorik halus pada anak usia prasekolah.Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen  dengan one group pretest - posttest design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 33 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini aalah analisa univariat dan bivariat wilcoxon rank test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebelum diberikan terapi bermain plastisin dengan nilai 60,6% belum berkembang dan 39,4% mulai berkembang. Sesudah diberikan terapi bermain plastisin dengan nilai 6,1% belum berkembang, 39,4% mulai berkembang, 30,3% berkembang sesuai harapan, 24,2 berkembang sangat baik. Hasil p-value 0.000 artinya terdapat pengaruh terapi bermain plastisin terhadap perkembangan motorik halus pada anak.Kata kunci     : Plastisin, Perkembangan Motorik Halus    ABSTRACTFine motor skills are the abilities of small muscles and eye and hand coordination, so that the child is able to do a good independent activity. One of the media for the development and fine motor skills of children is to use plasticine. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of playing plasticine on fine motor development in preschool children. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental method with one group pretest - posttest design. The number of samples used 33 respondents with a total sampling technique. Analysis of the data used in this study is a univariate and bivariate Wilcoxon rank test.The results of this study indicate that before being given playdough therapy with a value of 60.6% has not developed and 39.4% began to develop. After being given playdough therapy with a value of 6.1% not yet developed, 39.4% started to develop, 30.3% developed as expected, 24.2 developed very well. The result of p-value 0.000 means that there is an effect of play plasticine therapy on fine motor development in children.Keywords      : Plasticine, fine motor development
HUBUNGAN CEDERA KEPALA DENGAN DISORIENTASI PADA PASIEN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Wahyuni Nuniek Tri , Indahsari Winda
Published: July 2020

Banyak hal yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya cedera kepala, salah satu penyebab terjadinya cedera kepala yang serius adalah kecelakaan lalu lintas (sekitar 60% kematian yang disebabkan kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan akibat cedera kepala). Tujuan penelitian ini utuk mengidentifikasi cedera kepala dengan disorientasi pada pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas di IGD RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kolerasi yang bersifat deskriptif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien cedera kepala di RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 22 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi penilaian GCS dan lembar kuesioner TOAG. Analisis bivariat  menggunakan uji  chi square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar cedera kepala ringan yaitu sebanyak 16 dari 22 responden atau sekitar (72.7%) dan sebagaian besar mengalami disorientasi sedang, yaitu sebanyak 14 orang dari 22 responden atau sekitar (63,6%). Berdasarkan analisa statistik uji Spearman’s Rho menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan cedera kepala dengan disorientasi pada pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas di IGD RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon serta nilai probabilitas (p = 0.001). Kata Kunci : Cedera Kepala, Disorientasi  ABSTRACTMany of the causes of head injury, one of the causes of serious head injuries are traffic accidents (about 60% of deaths caused by traffic accidents are the result of head injury). The purpose of this study was to identify head injury with disorientation in traffic accident patients at IGD RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon 2018.The type of research used in this study is a descriptive correlation study, using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were head injury patients at IGD RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon, the sampling technique used was accidental sampling with a sample of 22 respondents. Data collection techniques used the GCS assessment sheet and TOAG questionnaire sheet. Bivariate analysis using the chi square test.The results of this study indicate that, which is mostly light weight that is as much as 16 out of 22 respondents or approximately (72.7%) and most of moderate disorientation, which is as many as 14 people from 22 respondents or approximately (63.6%).Based on statistical analysis Spearman’s Rho showed that there was correlation with the patient in RSD Teachers Mountain Jati Cirebon City and probability value (p = 0,001).Keywords: Head Injury, Disorientation
HUBUNGAN ANTARA JARAK TEMPUH DAN PENILAIAN KESEHATAN DENGAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KELUARGA DALAM PEMANFAATAN PUSKESMAS
Authors: Napitupulu Indra Karana
Published: July 2020

Di Puskesmas UPT Pasir Kaliki Bandung angka persentasi pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan oleh masyarakat cukup rendah 45.28%. Hal ini secara teori dipengaruhi oleh jarak tempuh dan penilaian kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jarak tempuh dan penilaian kesehatan dengan pengambilan keputusan keluarga dalam pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di Kelurahan Pasir Kaliki. Jenis penelitian berupa deskriptif korelasi menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh penduduk di wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Pasir Kaliki Bandung dengan jumlah sampel 95 responden, teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden yang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan sebanyak 84.2%. Sebanyak  54.7% responden menyatakan jarak tempuh sulit dan 72.6% responden memiliki pendapat positif tentang persepsi sakit. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor jarak tempuh dan penilaian kesehatan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan. Sehingga  tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor jarak tempuh dan penilaian kesehatan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan.Kata kunci :  Pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan, jarak tempuh, penilaian kesehatan   ABSTRACT In Puskesmas UPT Pasir Kaliki Bandung, the percentage of health service utilization by the community is quite low at 45.28%. This is theoretically influenced by mileage and health assessment. This study aims to determine the relationship between distance and health assessment with family decision making in utilization of health services in Kelurahan Pasir Kaliki. The research type is descriptive correlation using cross sectional approach. Population of research that is all of population in work area UPT Puskesmas Pasir Kaliki Bandung with sample amount 95 responden, sampling technique that is purposive sampling. The data were collected by interview using questionnaire, the data were analyzed using chi square test. The results showed that respondents who use health services as much as 84.2%. As much 54.7% of respondents stated the mileage is difficult and 72.6% of respondents have a positive opinion about the perception of illness. The results of statistical tests show that there is no significant relationship between the mileage and health assessment with the utilization of health services. In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between mileage and health assessment with health service utilization.Keywords: Utilization of health services, mileage, health assessment
Use of Natural Sorbent for Stormwater Treatment
Authors: Valentukevičienė Marina , Najafabadi Maryam Ebrahimian
Published: July 2020

Stormwater runoff is an important avenue for pollutant transport from impermeable surfaces to surface waters. Consequently, stormwater pollutions require additional treatment processes to achieve water quality goals. Natural sorbents have been demanded and studied for using in water treatment because of their low cost and safety. In this study the use of Acorus Calamus, row Hemp, and procedure Hemp in stormwater treatment was investigated. Results of study in all sorbents with different concentrations and dosage indicated high efficiency to reduce pH. The use of Acorus Calamus for Turbidity, Phosphorus, conductivity and colour resulted increasing amount in different Dosage. In another experiments, using row Hemp, procedure Hemp and Linseed as natural sorbents indicated high efficiency to reduce turbidity of stormwater. Also it is obtained that procedure Hemp has high efficiency to reduce conductivity of stormwater.
Bioremediation Efficiency of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Earthworm Eisenia Fetida
Authors: Kniuipytė Inesa , Praspaliauskas Marius , Žaltauskaitė Jūratė , Dikšaitytė Austra
Published: July 2020

The amount of sewage sludge (SS) used in agriculture and forest plantations is constantly growing in EU. It’s known that even after various treatment methods some of contaminants still remain. The main risks of using SS in agriculture or forestry are related with hevy metals and organic pollutants content in SS. Heavy metals tend to acumu-late in the environment and living organisms and may cause different adverse effects. Bioremediation using earthworms can be used to eliminate or mitigate the threat of heavy metals. Bioremediation is cheaper, requiries less energy and is more environmentally friendly than conventional physical or chemical remediation methods. But it’s really important to evaluate bioremediation efficiency for SS, because there is evidence that nutrients in SS might improve efficiency of bioremediation. In this study earthworms Eisenia fetida were exposed for 9 weeks to SS amended soil. Earthworm mortality, growth and heavy metals (Al, Fe) accumulation were evaluated. The results showed that SS had a highly significant effect on earthworm mortality (F=4.98; p;lt0.05) and growth (F=3.88–67.02; p;lt0.05). Both metals concentrations in soil were signifficant (p;lt0.05) lower after vermi-remediation than after SS soil amendments. SS concentration had a significant effect to Al concentration accumulated in earthworm tissue (F=33.71; p;lt0.05). This study demonstrated that bioremediation efficiency using E. fetida depends on concentrations of SS, survival and growth of earthworms.
EVALUATION OF GRADATION VARIATION OF THE GRANITE AGGREGATES USED IN ASPHALT MIXTURES AT THEIR MANUFACTURING PLACE
Authors: Makulavičius Mantas , Sivilevičius Henrikas
Published: July 2020

Asphalt mixture gradation homogeneity is one of the key factors for proper laying and compaction during road pavement and its long-term maintenance afterwards. To achieve the good quality asphalt mixture homogeneity of aggregates used in road pavement must be kept in mind. Regarding to this, gradation variation of five different granite aggregates fractions (0/2, 2/5, 5/8, 8/11 and 11/16) from one of the largest manufacturing plants in Lithuania were determined in this paper. Total of 244 samples were taken from conveyer belt at the manufacturing place and all the data was evaluated by statistical methods providing histograms with theoretical curves of normal distribution. After that, the results were compared to each other and the requirements issued by Lithuanian road administration authority. Regression analysis was used to determine the dependence of standard deviation of percent passing and the mean percent passing through the sieves. The obtained research findings revealed that the maximum value of standard deviation of this dependence was equal to mean of 50% percent passing. Further investigations should include other aggregates quality parameters variation and its homogeneity throughout different stages of technological and transportation processes.
Opportunities and Barriers to the Development of Poland in the Field of Renewable Energy Sources as Compared to the European Union
Authors: Muszyński Robert , Kocur-Bera Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

Today, almost all of civilisation is based on energy. To a large extent, energy is being continuously acquired from non-renewable raw materials deposited in the Earth’s crust. Renewable sources provide alternative, infinite energy resources, particularly solar radiation, wind power and water movement. The Paris Agreement envisages the complete abandonment of fossil fuels by the year 2050 for all EU Member States. From a technical point of view, a complete transition to renewable energy sources (RES) is very difficult to achieve. In the case of Poland, the way to 100% RES is longer and more complex than in most EU countries. The main purpose of the conducted analysis was to thoroughly assess the possibilities for obtaining energy from inexhaustible sources as well as the benefits of various procedures in order to develop an optimal set of solutions. The aim of the presented study is to indicate the possibilities for the development of construction investments in the field of renewable energy sources that have an inseparable impact on spatial management. To achieve this aim, the method of research of the available literature and legislation was applied.
Climate Change – Analysis of Indicators
Authors: Muszyński Robert , Kocur-Bera Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

Progressing climate change poses a major threat to the Earth. According to a UN report, reducing global warming to below 1.5 °C offers hope for maintaining the current quality of human lives and for protecting the environment. The report also points out that there is a prescription for curbing the catastrophic effects of climate change. In order to achieve the aim of stopping the increase in temperature, both adequate knowledge of the hazard and measures based on proven technologies are required. The first step that will enable the commencement of activities is to identify the hazard characteristics and their effect on the environment. In this regard, various types of indicators that cover the local, regional and global scale in various aspects, both environmental and anthropogenic, are very helpful. The main purpose of the analysis is to examine indicators/indices that synthetically express/define various aspects which reflect climate change. The study applied the method of research of the available literature. The analysis showed that the economies of countries use indicators that describe the different scale of impact and a different objective and subjective range. This is mainly determined by the needs and accessibility of data.
AN INNOVATIVE TOOL FOR THE EVALUATION OF NOx EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRAFFIC
Authors: Boitor Rozalia Melania , Cadar Rodica Dorina , Maran Petru Daniel , Petrelli Marco
Published: July 2020

In the last years, there was great interest in the development of tools for an effective evaluation of road transport pollutant-related emissions, especially in the urban areas. This paper represents an innovative approach for identifying criticalities about pollutant emissions associated with road traffic and for defining effective policies in order to decrease pollutant emissions. The proposed tool concerns the development of an emission indicator, a proxy measure, which is useful for the assessment of emission problems, based on the use of GPS (Global Positioning System) instantaneous vehicle speed data. The tool can be considered an innovative and adequate solution in many cases in which the development of a valid and robust traffic simulation model, especially DTA (dynamic traffic assignment) is not available in the medium- and short-term horizon. The methodological process concerns the monitoring of road traffic conditions using GPS data from probe vehicles in combination with the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) for the estimation of an emission indicator. The tool has been tested on a real case study in the city of Cluj in Romania for the NOx emissions. The results show the utility of the tool in supporting policy and decision making, due to its ease of application and consistency, especially in defining critical areas.
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND SHORT-TERM MEASUREMENTS OF INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF A WOODEN FAMILY HOUSE
Authors: Vilčeková Silvia , Harčárová Katarína , Moňoková Andrea , Krídlová Burdová Eva
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, there is an increased trend in the construction of nearly zero energy buildings which can be also characterized as green buildings. Several studies confirm that wooden buildings fulfil these requirements. However, there is no detailed research related to the quality of the indoor environment in new wooden family houses. For this reason, this paper focuses on monitoring of the indoor environmental quality in a selected wooden family house. Short-term measurements are aimed at investigation of physical parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and noise) and chemical factors such as concentrations of particulate matters and CO2. At the same time, environmental impacts were also assessed for impact categories such as: global warming potential (GWP), ozone depletion potential (ODP) acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) ex-pressed as kilogram CO2eq, CFC11eq, SO2eq, PO43–eq and kilogram of C2H4eq within “Cradle to Grave” boundary by using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The main contribution of this study is demonstration that wooden build-ings have substantial share in the reduction of environmental impacts. So far, results indicate that the design of wooden houses correspond with the increasing demands of occupants in terms of environmental, social and energy performance.
Evaluation of Change in Land Usage and Land Cover in Karaj, Iran
Authors: Mohammadyari Fatemeh , Mirsanjari Mir Mehrdad , Sužiedelytė Visockienė Jūratė , Zarandian Ardavan
Published: July 2020

In this study, classification results were derived from remote sensing data and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm used in this process, which classifies Landsat land-cover images. The accuracy of image classifications was evaluated by calculation of the Kappa coefficient. The area of study is Karaj, the capital of Alborz province, in north-central Iran. It is situated in the foothills of the Alborz Mountains and occupies a fertile agricultural plain. Landsat data used in the classification of land cover were collected from USGS websites, and multi-temporal images from the data were geometrically corrected. After this process, we calculated 11 metrics at the landscape and class-level scales: five metrics of class level and six metrics of landscape. The results showed that the landscape patterns in Karaj were changed due to the process of urbanization over an 11-year period. At the class level, for all classifications, the AI metric increased and the PD and NP metrics decreased. At the landscape level, the PD, ED, NP, and SHDI metrics decreased, and LPI and AI increased. These results provide insights about urban development policies and about whether the expansion of urban areas is beneficial for environmental sustainability in Iran and elsewhere in the world.
DEPENDENCE OF VEHICLE COLLISIONS WITH ROE DEER ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL FACTORS IN LITHUANIA
Authors: Galinskaitė Lina , Ignatavičius Gytautas , Valskys Vaidotas
Published: July 2020

Rising road densities, vehicle speeds limits and traffic volumes, combined with recent growth in the population density of various deer species, have increased the risk of DVCs across the world, causing a great deal of animal suffering, traffic safety problems and socio-economic costs. Object of this investigation was to find out collisions trend with roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Lithuania. The aim of our study was to determine where in Lithuania accidents occure more frequently and evaluate these accidents in time. In 2013–2017 number of AVCs in Lithuania was recorded more then 12 011 times, over half of 7155 occur with roe deer. The temporality of accidents was studied under three scales – daily, weekly and seasonal. Daily peaks start at 7:00 (8.75%), 8:00 (6.08%). Evening peaks, start at 17:00 (7.71%), other at 22:00 (10.64%) hours. Week collisions with roe deer increase on Friday 14.9%. The risk of collision with roe deer varies over the year – the majority of crashes occur in May 14.7% and November 10.7%. In spatial study localization of collision data with ArcGIS 10.3. It was found that road surrounding landscape dominated by agricultural land collisions occurred at a maximum of 29.77%. 19.10% collisions were recorded in the forest area. In built-up areas 11.85%. Analysis of these trends allow to simulate and predict when and where the highest risk of DVCs occurs. In conclusion, this could give valuable information and constitute a manageable tool for the road managers, planners, scientist, wildlife conservationist who are interested in these type of accidents in regions of Lithuania.
Investigation of Forest Area Change in the 19th–21st Century Using Military Topographic Maps
Authors: Puzienė Rūta , Anikėnienė Asta
Published: July 2020

Long-term changes of the Earth’s cover are imperceptible. Several generations change, people do not see what had been there before they were born, they do not see what happens after they are gone, meanwhile, maps preserve the image of the surroundings that was prevailing hundreds of years ago and the analysis of which allows highlighting certain occurring tendencies. The present study aims at the analysing the change in the forest coverage on the territory of Lithuania employing statistical data and analysing the change in the forest land area from the 19th c. until the 21st c. in the Elektrenai municipality using military topographic maps. During the study, digitalised archival maps and devectorised forest areas were used, and the obtained results were compared. The information provided in the maps reveals a decrease in the forest land area during during 19th–20th c. and an increase during the 20th–21st c., however, the current increase has not compensated the earlier decrease.
Possibilities to Recycle Plastic Waste in Cementitious Materials
Authors: Vaičienė Marija , Malaiškienė Jurgita
Published: July 2020

In the paper, the changes of properties of expanded clay concrete when a part of the coarse aggregate is re- placed with plastic waste are discussed upon. First of all, standard expanded clay concrete specimens were formed, and then 5%, 10%, 20% share of the fraction 4/8 of the expanded clay aggregate was replaced with plastic waste. The properties of expanded clay concrete, such as the density of the mixture, the slump, the density of the dried expanded clay concrete specimens, the ultrasonic pulse velocity, the water absorption, and the compressive strength, were estab- lished and analyzed; in addition, a microstructural examination was carried out. It was found that upon striving to use the maximum share of waste (20%), it is possible to ensure about 4% higher density of expanded clay concrete and almost 50% higher compressive strength, as compared to expanded clay concrete of the control specimens. SEM analysis showed that the same minerals, i.e. portlandite, ettringite, calcite and calcium hydro silicates were identified in specimens from all batches.
Geospatial Monitoring and Structural Mechanics Models: a Case Study of Sports Structures
Authors: Shults Roman , Soltabayeva Saule , Seitkazina Gulnur , Nukarbekova Zhupargul , Kucherenko Oksana
Published: July 2020

The task of geospatial monitoring is one of the most common in the practice of geodetic works. In the twentieth century, the basic principles for carrying out geospatial monitoring, accuracy calculation, observation intervals assignment, and data simulation were developed. However, since that time, both the building and geodetic technologies have been changed considerably. Among modern engineering structures, the building technology of which has undergone significant changes are sport structures. The use of the state-of-the-art sport structures is associated with the presence of specific loads, name a few: the impact of a vast number of spectators (e.g., stadiums, cycle tracks, etc.) or loads directly from the competitions equipment (e.g., bobsleigh tracks, race tracks, etc.). The primary goal of the presented paper is to develop a general approach to the preliminary accuracy calculation of the geospatial monitoring of the sports structures using the methods of structural mechanics. As an example, a football stadium was considered. Based on the simulation, the improved technology of geospatial monitoring for the sports structure was suggested. The in-depth analysis of the creation of geodetic networks for geospatial monitoring was accomplished. At the final step, the results of geospatial monitoring for the football stadium were analyzed, and hands-on recommendations were made.
Innovative Geoinformation Systems for the Design of Communication Paths
Authors: Ugnenko Yevheniia , Tymchenko Olha , Uzhviieva Elena , Sorochuk Nataliia , Viselga Gintas
Published: July 2020

The article analyses the volume of passenger traffic from 1990 to 2019 for land, water and air transport. From the materials obtained and the experience of the networks of European and world high-speed railways, goals are set. High-speed lines designed exclusively for passenger traffic. This moment plays an important role in reducing the cost of construction, increasing the market and economic profitability. According to the data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, it is possible to calculate the passenger flow based on the known parameters for 2020–2032 in the direction of Kiev–Lviv. The design of high-speed lines should meet general requirements aimed at satisfying the basic characteristics of a high-speed railway system, which works in conjunction with the European High-Speed Railway network. The compatibility of the parameters of high-speed lines with the parameters of traditional lines is part of the operational requirements for the gradual introduction of a network of high-speed railways. Possible scenarios to achieve the required compatibility should cover all subsystems.
UAV Monitoring of Excavation Works
Authors: Shults Roman , Kassymkanova Khaini-Kamal , Burlibayeva Shugyla , Skopinova Daria , Demianenko Roman , Medvedskyi Yurii
Published: July 2020

The first stage of any construction is carrying out excavation works. These works are high-priced and timeconsuming. Mostly, for geodetic control of the works, the surveyors are using total stations and GNSS equipment. Last decade, UAV technology was a breakthrough in the geodetic technologies market. One of the possible applications of UAV is the monitoring of excavation works. In the article, the opportunities and accuracy of UAV data while performing the excavation works were studied. The surveying of earth volume in the middle of construction works was made using DJI Phantom 4 UAV. The data were being processed using two photogrammetric software: Agisoft Metashape and PhotoModeler Premium. For comparison, the surveying also was made using a conventional total station. For each data source, the 3D models were generated. The obtained models were compared with each other in CloudCompare software. The comparison revealed the high accuracy of UAV data that satisfies customer’s requirements. For the case of two software comparing, it is better to process data using PhotoModeler. The PhotoModeler software allows performing in-depth data analysis and blunders searching.
HUMANIZING VILNIUS OLD TOWN BY THE SUMP MEASURES: WHEN LESS IS MORE
Authors: Burinskienė Marija , Vabuolytė Vaida , Stauskis Gintaras
Published: July 2020

The Old Town of Vilnius City is a valuable site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the most important tasks is to protect the area from noise, pollution, and vibration caused by transport. Currently, over 30,000 vehicles cross the Old Town core daily, most of which do not have a destination in the Old Town, and drivers only use a shorter route to connect within the city. To this purpose, the Vilnius City Municipality has developed a Loop Traffic Scheme in the Old Town of Vilnius, which allows only loop traffic, i.e. for entry/exit to/from a specific restricted area. The main purpose of the article is the discussion and evaluation of measures how the Old Town area can be returned to the people (i.e., pedestrians, cyclists, public transport) to minimize traffic flows and eliminate transit traffic. To achieve smart solutions and to open public spaces for Old Town residents and visitors, we compare different traffic organization and parking measures, analyse their efficiency. We propose integrating innovative technological solutions and smart tools (parking, ridesharing system, integrated pedestrian and bicycle routes, smart traffic control, etc.) by using the best practices of other cities. As a result, we propose the methodology for humanizing open spaces in the Old Town area and beyond.
Multicriteria Evaluaton of Efficiency in Fish Processing
Authors: Dreimanis Karlis , Indzere Zane , Blumberga Dagnija , Šerevičienė Vaida
Published: July 2020

EU countries have agreed on GREEN DEAL and have committed to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Very important role for achieving the goal is playing production and manufacturing industry. This article is devoted to fish production industry, which is as subdivision of food production industry. During past decades the amount of fish caught has increased multiple times. Fishing industry nowadays is being strongly regulated and monitored by various institutions including. Which sets environmental legislation for controlling and improving industries impact (energy efficiency, pollution, waste) on the habitat and environment. For EU to make right decisions on how the member states could develop their fish production industry, it is necessary to have overall evaluation which includes the development opportunities. The efficiency of the fish production company characterizes the amount of resources used, as well as energy efficiency, water usage, the possibility to implement of circular economy, and other criteria which must be evaluated from the perspective if environmental, engineering, economic and social aspects. The fish production company analysis in this article are analysed using Data envelopement analysis (DEA) multicriteria analysis. First results show that fish manufacturers must pay attention to the technological processes in order to move towards carbon neutral society.
EVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK IN ASSESSING THE VULNERABILITY OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER BODIES TO ROAD RUNOFF
Authors: Martins Tiago Nunes , Leitão Teresa E. , Lundy Lian
Published: July 2020

This article presents an overview of the current European practices with regards to protecting surface water and groundwater bodies, in what concerns the application of legislation to protect water resources and to evaluate the vulnerability of water bodies to traffic related activities. This is achieved through the application of the EU Water Framework Directive and all Directives containing procedures to identify pressures affecting the state of water and environment, and the establishment of measures to ensure that all surface water and groundwater bodies achieve good status. A flowchart has been constructed to assist the assessment of the environmental legal constraints related to a road project. A combination of layers was integrated in GIS environment to address legislative needs and constraints, as well as the need to implement a risk assessment analysis of road runoff impact to surface and groundwater bodies.
ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A CYLINDRICAL HOT WATER STORAGE TANK: EXPERIMENTAL AND CFD ANALYSIS
Authors: Kropas Tomas , Streckienė Giedrė
Published: July 2020

Active solar water heating systems typically include hot water storage tanks. The selection of the storage system strongly affects the performance of the entire system. This article presents a detailed analysis of a hot water storage tank during charging and dynamic charging-discharging mode. A numerical model using computational fluid dynamics for the storage tank was developed to investigate the temperature distribution inside of it. Transient thermal analysis was carried using ANSYS Fluent. The numerical model was validated with the experimental results. The energy and exergy analysis as an important tool for the evaluation of the thermal systems quantitatively and qualitatively was performed. The calculation procedures were described. The energy and exergy efficiencies, heat losses were calculated for steady and dynamic processes. Effect of mass flow rate was analysed. The results from parametric analysis showed that charging dynamics reduced the thermocline and efficiency of the hot water storage tank. The dependency of the exergy efficiency of the heat storage tank on the reference environment temperature during the dynamic operation was analysed. Exergy efficiencies for two cities with different climates were compared. This indicated that the higher envi-ronmental temperature gave lower exergy efficiency of the storage tank.
STUDY OF BRIDGE DAMAGES ON LOCAL ROADS IN LATVIA
Authors: Auzins Roberts , Paeglitis Ainars
Published: July 2020

Local roads (V class roads) and the bridges on them compose a significant part of the public road network in Latvia. On local roads are around 45% of all bridges located on the national road network. These are mostly reinforced concrete bridges with short or middle span lengths, with one or two traffic lines. Due to low traffic flow, these structures are used lover maintenance classes. The lover maintenance class also includes less de-icing salt in winter maintenance and less founds for maintenance works. At the same time, some of these bridges are located on routes used by heavy timber trucks or trucks taking sand from quarries. Also, agricultural machinery and local people cars are using these bridges for everyday needs. Therefore, the safe exploitation of these structures is essential. Due to different service conditions, the development of deteriorations also will be different. This paper aims to study the development of characteristic types of damages, its causes and consequences and impact on structural performance and service life.