bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trails, traits, and mental states: Psychological differences between competitive and recreational sub-ultra and ultramarathon runners
Authors: de Jong Annabel , Matthews Allison , Pitchford Nathan , Hinder Mark R.
Published: June 2024

Psychological trait differences between ultrarunners (completing more than a standard 42.195km marathon) and sub-ultrarunners (≤42.195km) have been assumed, but not robustly examined. The current study investigated trait differences between competitive and recreational runners at sub-ultra and ultramarathon distances. Six hundred and eleven participants (334 recreational, 400 sub-ultrarunner) completed an online, anonymous survey assessing five traits: mental toughness (MT), grit, motivation, general self-efficacy (GSE), and personality. Bayesian ANOVAs indicated at least moderate evidence for differences within Distance for grit-perseverance of effort (PE) and intrinsic motivation (IM), such that ultrarunners scored higher than sub-ultrarunners. Similarly, we observed at least moderate evidence that competitive runners scored higher than recreational runners on overall grit, grit-PE, GSE, IM, and extrinsic motivation (EM). Interaction effects provided moderate evidence for greater MT and overall grit in competitive ultrarunners. Evidence for other differences were anecdotal or favoured the null hypothesis. This study represents a novel investigation into the psychological makeup of runners. We suggest that aspects of motivation, grit, and self-efficacy, but not personality, may differentiate competitive from recreational runners, and ultrarunners from sub-ultrarunners. The identification of these trait differences may benefit runners and coaches wanting to progress in distance or competition level, with broader application to workplace or academic contexts. Further research is needed to develop a clearer conceptualisation of mental toughness, and build upon the novel findings of this study, particularly given the paucity of literature that exists within this context.
Facial Action Units and Personality Traits: An Explorative Approach through Computer Vision
Authors: K Sibin Raj , Mandal Manas K
Published: June 2024

The study intends to examine whether personality traits are reflected in facialbehaviour during dyadic interactions. Facial Action Units (FAUs) of Facial Action CodingSystem (FACS) are calibrated through a computer vision platform (OpenFace 2.0).Customised big five personality- based interviews are conducted in a smart room on 113individuals to examine their FAUs and correlated with big five personality test. The studyrevealed at least seven action units have significant association with big five personalitytraits. This study establishes the feasibility of personality research through facial cues in AIparadigm.
Adapting to vehicle cues: Using a distributed simulator study to investigate the effect of vehicle kinematics on pedestrians’ crossing behaviour
Authors: Yang Yue , Lee Yee Mun , Kalantari Amir Hossein , Garcia Jorge , Horrobin Anthony , Daly Michael , Solernou Albert , Holmes Christopher , Markkula Gustav , Merat Natasha
Published: June 2024

As we move towards a future with Automated Vehicles (AVs) incorporated in the current traffic system, it is crucial to understand driver-pedestrian interaction, in order to enhance AV design and optimization. Previous research in these interactions, which has primarily used naturalistic observations or single-actor virtual reality simulations, has been limited by its inability to draw causal conclusions, also due to lack of real human-human interactions. Our study addresses these limitations by employing a high-fidelity distributed simulation setup that links drivers in a motion-based simulator with pedestrians in a CAVE-based environment. This method allows for the examination of real-time interactions across various road-crossing scenarios. In our in-depth analysis of data from thirty-two pairs of drivers and pedestrians, we investigated how different factors, such as the presence of zebra crossings and varying time gaps of the approaching vehicle, influence driver behaviour and pedestrian crossing decisions. The effect of drivers’ control of the vehicle during such crossings (e.g., braking behaviour and lateral deviation) on pedestrians' crossing decisions were also analysed. We found that the distribution of drivers’ average deceleration values were bimodal, where drivers either markedly yielded to pedestrians, or continued in their path, with very few instances of intermediate behaviour. We also found that pedestrian decisions were seemingly influenced by the different braking strategies adopted by the driver, with pedestrians crossing before the vehicles in response to soft and early, or late and hard braking, while late and soft braking often resulted in the vehicle passing first. Furthermore, we observed a slight lateral movement of the vehicle away from pedestrians when drivers were not yielding, but more of a lateral deviation towards them when yielding. This may be because drivers subconsciously transfer their walking interaction habits to their driving behaviour, to avoid a collision with pedestrians. Vehicle kinematics were significantly influenced by the initial time gap to pedestrians, and presence of zebra crossings. Furthermore, our results showed a stronger influence of these cues on pedestrian crossing decisions, when compared to zebra crossings. As well as highlighting the value of a novel approach for investigating vehicle-pedestrian interactions, this study illustrates how vehicle cues can assist pedestrian decisions, adding new knowledge in the development of human-like behaviour for future AVs.
Integrating Executive Functions: Exploring Interrelations and Implications for Learning in University Students
Authors: Díaz-Guerra Diego D. , Lugo Marena Hernández , Ramos-Galarza Carlos , Broche-Pérez Yunier
Published: June 2024

Executive functions are crucial cognitive abilities enabling individuals to consciously regulate their behavior and cognitive processes. In the university setting, these functions are pivotal for students to engage in executive learning, assessing the effectiveness of their learning behaviors. This research introduces an innovative explanatory model wherein executive functions—such as monitoring responsibilities, supervisory attentional system, conscious behavior regulation, decision-making, emotion regulation, and task-solving management—interact to elucidate the capacity to evaluate learning behaviors. The study encompassed 2465 university students (26.9% Chilean, 28.8% Ecuadorian, and 44.3% Cuban), aged between 17 and 33 years (M = 20.3; SD = ±2.09). The proposed model demonstrated adequate reliability (α = .66 and .83; ω = .66 and .83), correlations (r = .31 and .58), and was assessed using structural equation modeling, yielding favorable fit indices (CFI = .91, RMSEA = .04 [.04 - .05], SRMR = .04). This theoretical framework enhances understanding of executive functions within university contexts, suggesting avenues for future research to intervene in these functions to enhance university students' ability to evaluate their learning behaviors.
Physical Anthropomorphism (but not Gender Presentation) Influences Trust in Household Robots
Authors: Holbrook Colin , Krishnamurthy Umesh , Maglio Paul P. , Wagner Alan
Published: June 2024

This research explores anthropomorphism and gender presentation as prospective determinants of trust in household service robots with respect to care of objects (e.g., clothing, valuables), information (e.g., online passwords, credit card numbers), and living agents (e.g., pets, children). In Experiments 1 and 2, we compared trust in a humanoid robot presenting as male, female, or gender-neutral, finding no effects of gender presentation on any trust outcome. In Experiment 3, a fourth condition depicting a physically nonhumanoid robot was added. Relative to the humanoid conditions, participants reported less willingness to trust the nonhumanoid robot to care for their objects, personal information, or vulnerable agents; the reduced trust in care for objects or information was mediated by appraisals of the nonhumanoid as less intelligent and less likable, whereas the reduced trust in care of agents was mediated by appraisals of the nonhumanoid as less likable and less alive. In a parallel pattern, across all studies, participants’ appraisals of robots as intelligent tracked trust in them to take care of objects or information (but not agents), whereas appraisals of robots as likable and alive tracked trust in care of agents. The results are discussed as they inform past work examining effects of gender presentation and anthropomorphism on perceptions of, and trust in, robots.
Stream segregation, musical abilities and the development of speech perception in noise
Authors: Benocci Elena , Calcus Axelle
Published: June 2024

Nonlinguistic auditory abilities (e.g., stream segregation, musical perceptual abilities) are thought to contribute to speech perception in noise. How their development interacts with that of speech perception in noise remains unknown. Here, we aimed to (i) investigate the development of speech perception in noise and stream segregation and (ii) explore the relationship between musical abilities, stream segregation and speech perception in noise throughout development. Our results confirmed the protracted developmental trajectory of both stream segregation and speech perception in noise. Importantly, they suggest that musical perceptual abilities indirectly contribute to speech perception in noise by means of improved stream segregation.
Between Philosophy and Poetry: Camus' Absurdism through Tagore's Lens
Authors: Mahmud Adnan
Published: June 2024

This essay explores the intersection of Albert Camus' existentialist philosophy, as presented in "The Myth of Sisyphus," and Rabindranath Tagore's poetry, specifically his poem "Aju Sakhi Muhu Muhu" from "Bhanusimha Thakurer Padabali." It examines how Tagore's vivid, sensory-rich verses offer a poetic embodiment of Camus' concept of living with the absurd. The analysis demonstrates how the seemingly disparate realms of abstract philosophy and lyrical poetry converge to illuminate the complexities of human existence. By juxtaposing Camus' call for embracing life's inherent meaninglessness with Tagore's celebration of ephemeral moments, the essay presents a nuanced exploration of finding significance in a world devoid of intrinsic purpose. This synthesis of existentialist thought and poetic expression provides a compelling perspective on authentically engaging with life's fleeting experiences and embracing the paradoxes of the human condition.
The Fourth Estate's Estate
Authors: Woodcock Ramsi
Published: June 2024

The news industry in the United States faces a funding crisis because the tech giants, particularly Google and Facebook, have acceded to the advertising monopolies once enjoyed by the newspaper industry itself. Breakup of these monopolies is unlikely to restore the news industry’s profits, however, because search and social media will remain better ad distribution channels than the news whether search and social media are competitive or monopolized. A better solution to the funding crisis would be for government to divide the advertising distribution market, reallocating to the news industry some of the ad impressions taken from it by the tech giants. This indirect, property-rights-based approach to government subsidization would address concerns, however misguided, that direct subsidization à la the BBC might lead to political interference in newsgathering. An important collateral benefit would be the opportunity to limit the total amount of advertising consumed by the economy by licensing fewer total ad impressions than are currently consumed. This would lead to an efficiency gain because advertising’s information function has withered in the information age, making advertising almost entirely manipulative in character, and therefore a threat to consumer sovereignty. Ad distribution revenues would not fall, however, because advertising cancels—firms advertise because others advertise, not because advertising increases sales— and so firms will bid up prices in proportion to the decline in available impressions. The proposed division and reduction of the advertising market would be constitutional because the First Amendment only protects commercial speech that promotes consumer sovereignty. Because advertising has become almost entirely manipulative in the information age, the First Amendment no longer protects it.
Spiritual Nationalism: Unraveling Aurobindo Ghosh's Influence on Indian Freedom Struggle
Authors: Meena Vikash Kumar , Devi Arti
Published: June 2024

Aurobindo Ghosh the great Indian nationalist, freedom fighter, poet, philosopher and political leader focused on the combination of spirituality and nationalism, stressing the idea that political freedom can be achieved only in a spiritually awakened society. He emphasized on the notion that mere political independence cannot make a nation free in a real sense and it is only because of spiritual renaissance that can develop a nation. Aurobindo believed in the philosophy of ‘integral nationalism’ which is a combination of political, cultural and spiritual dimensions of a nation in which an individual acts as a whole. Therefore, the present study will explore the concept of spiritual nationalism as developed by Aurobindo Ghosh. While delving into Ghosh’s philosophical and spiritual ideas, this study seeks to unravel how his thoughts shaped the Indian national movement. This study also focused on Ghosh's role in shaping the ideological dimension of the Indian freedom struggle against British colonial rule. The present study highlights the role played by Ghosh in the Indian freedom struggle in which the main tool was spiritual nationalism. The paper begins by delving into the life and works of Aurobindo Ghosh, emphasizing his spiritual philosophy and its integration into the nationalist discourse. It also provides a historical context for the emergence of spiritual nationalism within the Indian National Movement, highlighting the socio-political conditions of the time. This paper primarily focuses on the political ideas of Ghosh and his contribution in the Indian Freedom Struggle with the lens of spiritual nationalism.
Motivasi Filantropi di Kalangan Milenial Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Jubba Hasse , Ishlahuddin Ishlahuddin , Safitri Lale Yomi , Huda Ahmad Fathul
Published: June 2024

Islamic spirituality and the philanthropic spirit of society cannot be viewed as generic and instantaneous. The purpose of this article is to explore the factors that shape the intrinsic motivation of the millennial generation in carrying out philanthropic activities. This article is written using qualitative methods using data obtained from related literature. The data used as analysis material is in the form of secondary data obtained from previous studies, journals, and reports from related institutions such as Charities Aid Foundation and Badan Amil Zakat Nasional RI. The data obtained are analyzed by content analysis methods, at this stage the content under study is interpreted with a focal point on the meaning in accordance with the purpose of the study. The findings of this study show that the high motivation of Muslim millennial philanthropy is driven by the motivation that arises in each of them. Philanthropic activities among Muslim millennials, in addition to being a form of piety, are also a criticism of philanthropic activities so far. The limitation of this study lies in the type of data used, namely secondary data so that it has not been able to describe the state of the millennial generation. Therefore, further analysis using primary data is needed to obtain more accurate results.
Menyingkap Aspek Kecerdasan Profetik (Sebuah Telaah Ayat Manṭiqiyah)
Authors: Julhina Julhina , Amir Abdul Muiz
Published: June 2024

This research aims to uncover the prophetic intelligence aspect through the interpretation of Surah Āli-'Imrān [3]:190-191 as part of the manṭiqiyah verses. This research implements the Ma'nā-cum-Maghzā interpretation through four stages of analysis: linguistic, grammatical analysis, intra- and intertextual analysis, micro and macro-historical analysis, and contextual analysis. These four analyses aim to reveal the historical and contextual significance messages of Surah Āli-'Imrān [3]:190-191. The research findings demonstrate that logic plays a vital role in unravelling the most profound messages in each Quranic verse. Linguistically, the phrase Ūlil Albāb encompasses human faculties that are logical and spiritual (contemplating and remembering Allah), thus it is inaccurate if the thinking process is deemed separated in the interpretation process of revelation texts. Historically, several cases from the Hadith narrations were discovered that illustrate how the Prophet responded to several similar questions but with different answers. This exhibits that the Prophet underwent a thinking process to tailor his answers to the context and the questioner. However, reasoning alone is insufficient without the spiritual intuition because thinking without spiritual discipline can yield value-free thoughts. This kind of contemplation was bequeathed by the Prophets which the author coins as the prophetic intelligence aspect. Based on these research findings, the significance messages of Surah Ali-'Imran [3]:190-191 assert that reason is not value-free; instead, it constitutes part of the revelation interpretation apparatus
Falsafah Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge' dalam Perspektif Moderasi Beragama dan Hukum Islam: Kajian Etnografi pada Masyarakat Bugis Sorong Papua
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Ramli Muhammad , Iskandar Iskandar , Huzain Muh.
Published: June 2024

Although research on the Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge’ philosophy has been widely discussed by scholars, few have analyzed them from the perspective of religious moderation and Islamic law. This article aims to discuss the Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge' traditions from the perspective of religious moderation and Islamic Law among the Bugis community in Sorong, Papua. This study uses an ethnographic research design. Data collection was conducted through interviews. The results show that from the perspective of religious moderation, the Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge' traditions embody values of religious tolerance, peace, mutual respect, understanding of other ethnic cultures, and harmony among religious communities. From the perspective of Islamic law, these traditions contain values of justice, honesty, and ethics in social interactions. The factors influencing the presence of values of religious moderation and Islamic Law in these traditions are due to the strong cultural heritage and local wisdom of the Bugis community in Sorong, Papua, which is passed down to the younger generation, strong religious education, and the involvement of religious and community leaders. Thus, this research is expected to complement previous studies by presenting philosophical values of religious moderation and Islamic Law applied in daily life.
STUDY OF STABILITY OF ROLLING DEFORMATION OF STEEP LAYERS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DAMAGE OF ARCH MOUNTING
Authors: Podkopaiev Serhii , Volkov Serhii , Bessarab Iryna , Demchenko Oleksandr , Kipko Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To investigate the stability of rolling back sections of steep layers by the method of protecting all coal, taking into account damage to the arch fastening along the length of the excavation section to assess the operational state of the preparatory production.

Methods. To achieve the goal, mine instrumental observations of the stability of the rollback lines and the damage of the arch attachment in them along the length of the excavation were carried out.
Results It is experimentally substantiated that increasing the density of the arch fastening installation in the preparatory work by 25% allows to reduce the convergence of side rocks along the contour by 5-7%. If the rollback area is protected by all the coal, at a distance of l50 m behind the cleaning well, a short-term stable state of production is ensured. At the same time, the frequency of damage to the flexible arch attachment is within 0.1 w 0.14. When the length of works increases to l>50 m, when the relative deformation of protective structures exceeds >0.25, their bearing capacity is lost and their destruction occurs. In such conditions, with the intensification of the convergence of the lateral rocks, the frequency of damage increases by 60-75%, which leads to a loss of 50% of the cross-sectional area of the rollback stretch and the impossibility of its further safe operation.

Novelty. The functional dependence between the change in the relative deformation of the coal aggregates and the length of the preparatory workings l (m) was established, which has the form of a logarithmic function until the moment of the loss of the load-bearing capacity of the structures of the upper fence. , when the statistics of univariate analysis of variance of fastener failures have a standard normal distribution.

Practical significance. The method of protecting preparatory workings with whole coal has a limited field of application due to the limited deformation resource of protective structures. In the zone of influence of cleaning works along the length of the mining area, the method of protecting the entire coal does not ensure maintenance of the workings without repair. Increasing the density of the fastening installation in the preparatory works will not significantly change the geomechanical situation in the coal massif.
STUDY OF THE DESTRUCTION PROCESS OF SANDSTONE AND MOUNTAIN SAMPLES
Authors: Serhiienko Оlexander , Serhiienko Liana , Isaienkov Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To compare laboratory and numerical studies of the process of destruction of rocks and mountain massif. Comparison of the results of laboratory and numerical studies of the process of destruction of rocks and mountain massif.

Method. Laboratory tests of sandstone samples for uniaxial compression, physical modelling of the destruction and collapse of the roof rocks above the cleaning pothole, numerical modelling of the flat and three-dimensional stress-strain state of the rock massif (finite element method), continuous media method, surface contact interaction method, “restoration” method and “removal” of finite elements to simulate the process of destruction of the studied models.

Results. The article presents the results of numerical modelling of both flat and three-dimensional stress-strain state of rock samples and massif, with determination of fracture zones and the fracture process itself. The processes of destruction of sample models for numerical research are compared with the processes of destruction of rock samples during laboratory tests. The results of the destruction process for the numerical modelling of the planar and three-dimensional stress-strain state of the rock massif around the created space are presented.

Scientific novelty. For the first time, the results of the destruction zones of the mountain massif were obtained in a three-dimensional interpretation. For the first time, the results of the peculiarities of the process of destruction of sandstone samples under uniaxial compression were obtained. For the first time, the reshaping of the stress-strain state during the process of destruction of the coal massif was determined.

Practical significance. The practical significance lies in the possibility of determining the parameters of the step-by-step process of the destruction of the coal massif during the working of coal seams and during mining operations. It is possible to predict the formation: coal seam squeeze zones in stages; the immediate roof collapse (the nature of the collapse); the main roof collapse.
EQUIPMENT PARAMETERS FOR THE USE OF SODIUM SLURRY IN THE EXTINGUISHING OF WASTE HEAPS
Authors: Chobotko Ihor Ihorovych
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To investigate and propose the parameters of equipment for the safe treatment of waste heaps with sodium slurry to eliminate their spontaneous combustion. Methods. Study and classification of literature sources. Interviewing experts in the field of pipelines, pumps, conveyors, nozzles and grinding equipment. Generalisation and systematisation of the information obtained. Results. It has been established that in order to determine the parameters of equipment for extinguishing waste heaps, it is necessary to determine the degree of viscosity of the inhibitor suspension. The results of the coefficients of dynamic viscosity of three inhibitor suspensions based on substances (NaHCO3, Na2CO3, and NaOH) were obtained. Laboratory experiments were carried out three times. The process of preparing the inhibitor suspension involved adding 10 g of soda powders (NaHCO3, Na2CO3 and NaOH) to a 400 ml flask of water, as well as 5 g of kaolin clay and 5 g of bentonite clay. As a result, three types of suspensions with a concentration of 5% were obtained. The viscosity of the inhibitor suspension was measured using a viscometer with a 4 mm diameter orifice. Scientific novelty. It consists in a systematic analysis of equipment parameters for the efficient use of sodium slurry in extinguishing waste heaps. The importance of identifying and selecting materials that are resistant to the transport of this slurry, which will significantly extend the service life of equipment in an aggressive environment, is highlighted. This approach offers new opportunities for optimising the process of extinguishing waste heaps and increasing the efficiency of sodium slurry use. Practical implication. The obtained results are of great scientific and practical importance when selecting the optimal parameters of equipment for extinguishing waste heaps. The 6 components that should be considered include pipeline materials, pumping equipment, nozzles, tanks, mobile jaw crusher, and inhibitor slurry. The first step in selecting equipment parameters is to study the physical and chemical effects of the inhibitor slurry on the transported waste material, hydrophobicity and environmental resistance. These data will allow for the optimal selection of equipment parameters for extinguishing waste heaps. The study also provides important information on the estimated cost of equipment materials, which makes it possible to estimate the cost of creating the necessary equipment. The estimated price of USD 167,521, excluding consumables, helps in planning financial resources when selecting equipment.
DEVELOPMENT OF A FIRE CLOSER FOR EXTINGUISHING A FIRE IN A MINE GAS PIPELINE
Authors: Mineev Serhii , Antonchyk Volodymyr , Yanzhula Oleksy , Chorny Anatoly , Makarenko Roman , Belousov Oleg
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The article discusses the issue of the spread and extinguishing of fires in mine gas pipelines for the removal of methane during the degassing of the coal massif and rocks containing the formation. The causes of ignition of gases in the gas pipeline, their composition and features of methods of extinguishing fires in mine gas pipelines are determined. An analysis of devices installed in gas pipelines for extinguishing explosions and fires was carried out, their main shortcomings were indicated and ways of their improvement were recommended.

Goal. The purpose of the research is the development of a device for extinguishing fires in mine gas pipelines – a mine gas pipelines fire extinguishing that is guaranteed to extinguish the flame front moving along the gas pipeline, regardless of its speed and direction of movement.

Method. In the article, based on analytical studies, the causes of fires in mine gas pipelines and unfavourable factors that complicate their extinguishing are formulated. Based on analysis of the existing fire extinguishing devices in mine gas pipelines, deficiencies in their operation were revealed. The conducted studies determined the requirements for technical and structural parameters in the development of a mine gas pipeline firestopper.

Research results. Based on the results of the research, a mine gas pipeline flame closer was developed, the design of which provides for passing the gas flow through a labyrinth with a two-stage trap of narrow channels, which does not increase the gas-dynamic of the device during its normal operation. This guarantees the extinguishing of the flame front in the gas pipeline. The device has small dimensions and can be easily installed in the mine or on the surface, as well as equally effective to extinguish the flame moving both from the surface and in the mine gas pipelines.

Scientific novelty. A new technical solution in the design of the fire closer of the mine gas pipeline is proposed. The sketch project of the new design of the flame arrester is shown. A sketch project of the new design of the fire closer, a description of its design and operation is provided. The advantages of the new design of the flame closer design are shown.

Practical significance. The developed mine gas pipeline flame closer has small dimensions and weight, does not require additional equipment during maintenance and can be installed on any part of the gas pipeline, both in mine workings and on the surface. The fire closer extinguishes the flame front in both directions and provides negligible aerodynamic resistance to the movement of the gas flow.

Key words: degassing pipeline, extinguishing the flame front, fire, fire closer, methane.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE STRENGTH OF WELDED JOINTS IN THE RELEASE OF VERTICAL STEEL TANKS FROM THE BOTTOM DURING A FIRE
Authors: Nesukh Mykhailo , Subota Andrii , Shvydenko Andrii , Ivanenko Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Development of the methodology of experimental studies of the welded joint of the tank, as the weakest element, the destruction of which causes separation of the tank body from the bottom and research, based on it, of the mechanical characteristics of the welded joints based on the results of the tests.

Methods. Experimental studies included static tensile tests, for which samples with a welded joint made of St3sp steel were used. The samples were made from a steel bar with a cross-section of 8×8 mm and cut into blanks 85 mm long. Welding of St3sp steel blanks was performed using arc welding. The P-10 universal tearing machine was used for tensile testing of structural materials. As a result of the tests, 12 graphs were constructed for each test sample, which were summarised into common graphs by sample type. Verification of research results included analysis for the presence of outliers and quasi-outliers according to the Grubbs criterion.

Results. According to the results of a visual inspection at the end of the experiment, it was found that the samples of types I and II were destroyed at the place of the welded joint. A method of experimental studies of the tank’s welded connection was developed, as the weakest element, the destruction of which causes the separation of the tank body from the bottom. The mechanical characteristics of the welded joint samples were obtained: yield strength in the range of 240-300 MPa; modulus of elasticity 190-240 GPa; the hardening modulus is 18-20 GPa and the ultimate plastic deformation is 0.00334. The adequacy of the obtained experimental data was analysed, as a result of which it was established that the experimental data are adequate, and the average relative error is no more than 7%. To compare the obtained experimental data, a generalised deformation diagram was designed. The relevant parameters that determine the mechanical properties of the weld were determined.

Scientific novelty. For the first time, a method of experimental research on the strength of welded joints was developed and applied when the body of a vertical steel tank is separated from the bottom during a fire.

Practical significance. The obtained data can be used for mathematical modelling of the behaviour of welded joints of steel vertical tanks for the storage of petroleum products in the event of a fire.
Wireless Network Analysis with Bandwidth Settings in MAN 3 Jakarta Using Cisco Packet Tracer
Authors: Willis Puspita Sari
Published: June 2024

Dependence on wireless networks is increasing along with the development of information and communication technology. Schools are also increasingly adopting wireless network infrastructure to support teaching and learning activities and school administration. This research aims to analyze the wireless network at MAN 3 Jakarta with a focus on bandwidth management using Cisco Packet Tracer software. The methods used include modeling the MAN 3 Jakarta network using Cisco Packet Tracer, configuring wireless network devices such as routers and access points, as well as adjusting bandwidth to optimize network performance. Efficient use of bandwidth in wireless networks is important to ensure smooth and quality access for users. The result of this research is a better understanding of how bandwidth configuration can affect wireless network performance in school environments. By utilizing Cisco Packet Tracer as a simulation tool, users can conduct experiments and gain valuable insight into wireless network management. This research contributes to the development of network infrastructure at MAN 3 Jakarta or similar educational institutions by providing a more in-depth view of bandwidth management in the context of wireless networks.
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus in Infected Walled Off Necrosis: Possible Causation & Management
Authors: Winkie Mason
Published: June 2024

Peri-pancreatic fluid collections are frequently encountered by clinicians caring for patients who recover from acute or chronic pancreatitis. Although these fluid collections are common, the type of collection and resulting complications can significantly affect patient mortality. We present a 29-year-old female who originally presented with acetaminophen toxicity secondary to pain management for interstitial edematous pancreatitis (IEP) complicated by renal failure. The patient later developed intermittent fevers with concern for an underlying infection and was ultimately found to have walled-off necrosis (WON) infected by an uncommon hepaPeri-pancreatic fluid collections are frequently encountered by clinicians caring for patients who recover from acute or chronic pancreatitis. Although these fluid collections are common, the type of collection and resulting complications can significantly affect patient mortality. We present a 29-year-old female who originally presented with acetaminophen toxicity secondary to pain management for interstitial edematous pancreatitis (IEP) complicated by renal failure. The patient later developed intermittent fevers with concern for an underlying infection and was ultimately found to have walled-off necrosis (WON) infected by an uncommon hepatobiliary pathogen previously isolated in a urine culture despite asymptomatic bacteriuria. Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is divided into two categories: IEP and necrotizing pancreatitis (NP). Fluid collections are a common sequala for both subtypes. In IEP, fluid collections include acute peripancreatic fluid collections (APFCs) and pseudocysts (PC). Fluid collections in NP include acute necrotic collections (ANCs) and walled-off necrosis (WON) (1). All associated AP fluid collections carry an increased risk for infection, but speed and degree of management varies depending on the collection type (2). Objective: To report a case of AP complicated by a miscategorized fluid collection later determined to be WON with superimposed vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE) and discuss a unique approach to anti-microbial therapy selection. Atobiliary pathogen previously isolated in a urine culture despite asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Understanding Gut Health: Probiotics, Dysbiosis, and their Connection to Type 2 Diabetes - A Review
Authors: Tunuguntla Mounika Nagarani
Published: June 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The pathophysiology of T2DM involves a multifaceted interplay of genetic, behavioural, and environmental factors. Beta cells play a central role in regulating blood glucose levels through intricate mechanisms involving insulin secretion triggered by elevated glucose concentrations and other factors. Dysfunction of beta cells in T2DM encompasses various molecular pathways influenced by factors such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, chronic inflammation, and genetic susceptibility, leading to impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Recent research has highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of T2DM, with alterations in gut microbiome composition impacting glucose metabolism. Dysbiosis-induced intestinal permeability can lead to systemic inflammation, contributing to insulin resistance and diabetes progression. Conversely, a diverse and rich gut microbiome has been associated with protection against obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Probiotics, defined as live bacteria conferring health benefits when administered in adequate amounts, hold promise in mitigating T2DM-related metabolic derangements through various mechanisms, including modulation of gut microbiota, regulation of the gut-brain axis, and reduction of chronic low-grade inflammation. This provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms through which probiotics may positively impact glucose metabolism and discusses current evidence on the efficacy of probiotic supplementation in improving glycemic parameters and highlights the need for further research to elucidate strain-specific effects, optimal dosages, and long-term outcomes. Additionally, the translation of research findings into clinical practice and the potential of microbiome-targeted therapies for precision management of T2DM are explored, underscoring the importance of evidence-based guidelines for healthcare practitioners.
Concurrent Extraparenchymal and Spinal Neurocysticercosis in an Immunocompetent Patient Treated for Obstructive Hydrocephalus and Spinal Cord Compression
Authors: D. Williams Josef
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a condition caused by infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by Taenia solium, or pork tapeworm, larvae. Despite commonly infecting the CNS, it may be easily misdiagnosed for more common pathologies, such as arachnoid cysts or tumors. Though most frequently seen in endemic areas, immigration patterns are altering its traditional distribution. Extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis (including ventricular, spinal, and subarachnoid types) carries a poorer prognosis Objective: We present a case of NCC presenting in a young immunocompetent patient which was initially thought to be an arachnoid cyst due to non-pathognomonic imaging results and symptoms. This case illustrates a challenging NCC diagnosis. Case Report: A 24-year-old male without known past medical history presented with 2 years of chronic headache, 2 months of blurry vision in the left eye, and 1 week of progressive nausea and vomiting found to have aqueductal stenosis with obstructive hydrocephalus and bilateral 1.5 cm, peripherally-enhancing cystic lesions of the cerebellopontine angle with associated mass effect, initially described as arachnoid cysts, as well as a left sided foramen magnum cyst. He had an external ventricular drain placed and later underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion. He presented 10 days later with sepsis symptoms and the initial workup was concerning for tuberculosis-associated meningitis and he underwent shunt externalization and re-internalization after clinical improvement, though he was lost to follow up. Two months later he presented with acute urinary retention and right sided weakness. He had spinal cord compression of the cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar spine due to cystic lesion and underwent right C7-T1 and T10-T11 hemilaminotomies for cyst resection, with pathology consistent with NCC. Conclusion: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a complex disease which is largely overlooked and is increasing in prevalence in non-endemic areas such as the United States. NCC has various symptoms and presentations depending on location and progression of larval development, which may mimic more common pathologies. The clinical manifestations depend on the parasite load and the host’s immune response regarding their location in CNS and their evolutionary stage. There are two types of NCC, the parenchymal and the extraparenchymal form. The extraparenchymal racemose NCC has the worst prognosis among all forms of NCC with mortality ranging between 30% and 80%. This reinforces the need for a broad differential diagnosis in these scenarios, as well as the importance of close Infectious Disease follow up for patients diagnosed with concurrent cranial and spinal NCC.
Intracerebral haemorrhage in a child with isolated levocardia, transposition of great arteries and common atrium. Rare Case Report
Authors: Waria Gilbert
Published: June 2024

Background: Pediatric hemorrhagic stroke is rare and frequently associated with vascular lesions. Children with congenital heart diseases commonly present with ischemic stroke and rarely presenting with hemorrhagic stroke. Case presentation: We present a 9 years old girl with one day history of right sided weakness (hemiplegia) preceded by headache for two days. Radiological investigations were helpful in confirming left cerebral haemorrhage, transposition of great arteries, common atrium and situs inversus with levocardia in this patient. Laboratory investigations indicated high haemoglobin level and high red blood cell counts. We report a rare case of intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in a child with multiple congenital malformations Conclusion: We concluded that high haemoglobin and red blood cell counts due to the recurrent hypoxia from deoxygenated blood and strenuous activities can occasionally cause spontaneous bleeding in visceral organs including the brain.
Incidental intra-abdominal pregnancy diagnosed at Singida regional referral Hospital, Central zone, Tanzania: Case report
Authors: Charles Muttani Sulleiman
Published: June 2024

Background: Intra abdominal pregnancy is one of the rare and life-threatening types of ectopic pregnancy which has been implanted in the peritoneal cavity outside of the uterus, fallopian tube and ovary. An embryo that implants and starts to grow on the viscera or abdominal peritoneum is described as a primary abdominal pregnancy. This article will create awareness of capturing all ectopic pregnancies from the lower level to the higher level health facilities in the country so as to know the magnitude of this problem. Case Description/ Presentations: A 22 years pregnant woman, from mpambaa, kaselya, singida region, the central zone of Tanzania, G2P1L1 with Gestational Age (GA) of 41 weeks and 2 days (by LNMP) was referred from the lower level facility to Singida Regional Referral Hospital for further management, with the referral diagnosis of Intrauterine fetal demise/death(IUFD) diagnosed based on patient history (mother reported absence of fetal kicks) and physical examination(FHR not heard on fetoscope). Diagnosis of intra-abdominal pregnancy based on incidentally intra-operatively findings . The intra-operatively findings concluded the diagnosis of intra-abdominal pregnancy. The patients didn’t do obstetric ultrasound throughout the antenatal visits because the facility she was used to attending Antenatal clinic had no ultrasound. Conclusion and Recommendation: Capacity building to health practitioners in identifying and diagnosing intra-abdominal pregnancy based on clinical manifestations and radiological diagnostic features should be done to all health facilities levels.
Impressive response to Pralseltinib in KIAA1468 RET-fusion anaplastic thyroid cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Francini Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a severe, aggressive form of cancer with low survival rates. Multimodal therapies are currently employed with limited success and targeting molecular subgroups of ATC, such as those with RET translocation, is an active area of research. In this case report, we present a patient with metastatic ATC harboring a RET translocation, treated with two RET-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), Pralsetinib and Selpercatinib. Pralsetinib resulted in a significant and rapid reduction in lung metastasis complicated by a pneumothorax effects. The initial efficacy of Pralsetinib in our patient underscores the potential of RET-specific TKIs in the management of RET-altered ATC and highlights the risk of adverse events associated with tumor response in high tumor burden diseases. Meticulous management of side effects remains essential to improve patient outcomes.
CONVERSATIONS ON THE BEACH
Authors: Hoeppe Gotz
Published: June 2024

Already on the margins of an agrarian society, the marine fisherfolk of the South Indian state of Kerala are faced with a severe environmental problem: overfishing. The actions of trawlers and industrial fishing ships, it seems, have caused the resources on which they depend to dwindle rapidly. Yet what may appear to be a clear-cut case of cause, effect and responsibility turns out to be a complex issue. Local perceptions of the environment are deeply enmeshed with notions of morality, the self and people's understanding of their place in society. Overfishing is one of several environmental issues that bring into focus parallel knowledges, giving rise to contradictory views on what the problems are, whether changes are good or bad, and how they are to be remedied. As the fisherfolk confront the state, a discourse develops on what is innate to the environment, or "natural", and on what its malleability entails. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among Hindus and Muslims in a coastal village, this book explores the fisherfolk's environmental knowledge, its transformation in a period of rapid socio-economic and political change as well as its role in dealing with the state and the science - putatively universal and objective - upon which the state's policies are claimed to be based. The book emphasises conversation as a cultural process, metaphors and figurative speech in the investigation of knowledge, as well as the use and limits of memory in conceptualising environmental change.
GOD'S EUGENICIST
Authors: Reggiani Andrés Horacio
Published: June 2024

The temptations of a new genetically informed eugenics and of a revived faith-based, world-wide political stance, this study of the interaction of science, religion, politics and the culture of celebrity in twentieth-century Europe and America offers a fascinating and important contribution to the history of this movement. The author looks at the career of French-born physician and Nobel Prize winner, Alexis Carrel (1873-1944), as a way of understanding the popularization of eugenics through religious faith, scientific expertise, cultural despair and right-wing politics in the 1930s and 1940s. Carrel was among the most prestigious experimental surgeons of his time who also held deeply illiberal views. In Man, the Unknown (1935), he endorsed fascism and called for the elimination of the "unfit." The book became a huge international success, largely thanks to its promotion by Readers' Digest as well as by the author's friendship with Charles Lindbergh. In 1941, he went into the service of the French pro-German regime of Vichy, which appointed him to head an institution of eugenics research. His influence was remarkable, affecting radical Islamic groups as well Le Pen’s Front National that celebrated him as the "founder of ecology."