bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMITMENT DAN AGREEABLENESS DENGAN FORGIVENESS DALAM MENGHADAPI KONFLIK PADA DEWASA MUDA YANG MENJALIN HUBUNGAN
Authors: Shafa Kinanthi Mutiara , Ekasari Agustina , Muslimah Alfiana Indah
Published: February 2025

Low forgiveness in a relationship when facing conflict cancause new conflicts and to be able to cause separation. Thisstudy aims to determine the relationship between commitmentand agreeableness with forgiveness in dealing with conflict inyoung adult in relationships. The method used in this study is aquantitative method with a correlational type. The subjects inthis study amounted to 151 men and women aged 18-25 yearswho were in a courtship/commitment relationship with theopposite sex for at least 6 months and had experiencedcommunication conflicts in their relationships. In this study,data collection used the original scale that had been translate.Measurements for forgiveness variables use TRIM-18(Transregression-Related Interpersonal Motivation),commitment variables using measuring tools made by Rusbult,and agreeableness variables using the Big Five Inventory (BFI)scale. The data analysis use to see the relationship betweenvariables in this study was the Spearman Rank correlation testand multiple linear regression assisted using the SPSS(Statistical Packages for Social Science) version 25 for windowprogram. This study found that there is a relationship betweencommitment and forgivness, agreeableness with forgiveness,and the influence of commitment and agreeableness onforgiveness
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN HARDINESS TERHADAP STRES AKADEMIK PADA SISWA SEKOLAH PENGGERAK (KURIKULUM MERDEKA)
Authors: Fadhilah Alifah Qisthi , Purwantini Lucky , Hanoum Magdalena
Published: February 2025

There are various forms of education in Indonesia, and highschool education is one of them. High school studentsbelong to the adolescent age group characterized bycuriosity for new experiences, and unresolved curiosity canlead to academic stress. This study aims to examine therelationship between social support, hardiness, andacademic stress among Sekolah Penggerak students usingindependent curriculum. The study sample consisted of 199students from grade 1 selected through cluster randomsampling. The data collection methods of the study wereinterviews and psychological scales. The research used theEducational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA),Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS), and the Hardiness Scale. For the analysis,correlation and multiple regression tests were used.Correlation test results showed a significant relationshipbetween social support and academic stress (r=-0,428,p<0,001) and hardiness and academic stress (r=-0,396,p<0,001). Social support and hardiness explained 26.2% ofacademic stress (R2=0.262; F(2,196)=36.237, p<0.001).
Upaya Indonesian Tempe Movement Dalam Mengenalkan Tempe Di Dunia Internasional Tahun 2015-2021
Authors: Triyatno Agung , Widiyaningsih Widiyaningsih
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai upaya-upaya yang dilakukan Indonesian Tempe Movement dalam mengenalkan tempe di dunia internasional tahun 2015-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui data primer dan data sekunder, adapun data primer yang penulis dapatkan yaitu dari situs resmi dan wawancara tertulis serta data sekunder seperti dari buku-buku, jurnal, surat kabar dan internet. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menggunakan teori Resource Mobilization Theory dan Gastrodiplomasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Indonesian Tempe Movement berupaya merubah pandangan tentang tempe serta mengenalkan tempe sebagai superfood asli Indonesia dengan sumber daya yang Indonesian Tempe Movement punya seperti sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya ekonomi serta melakukan gastrodiplomasi dengan mengenalkan citra tempe dan melakukan pertukaran budaya melalui menu makanan dengan melibatkan beberapa aktor di dalamnya dan melakukan beberapa strategi yang relevan dengan tujuan Indonesian Tempe Movement yaitu mengenalkan tempe di dunia internasional tahun 2015-2021.
Analisis Naratif Dampak Tambang Batu Bara Ilegal di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Pudjasetia Faraby Al Irsyad , Abadi Totok Wahyu
Published: February 2025

Penambangan batu bara ilegal di Kalimantan Timur dilakukan tanpa izin resmi dan sering melibatkan sindikat terorganisir, menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan yang parah seperti deforestasi dan pencemaran air, serta mengancam flora dan fauna. Dampak sosialnya termasuk konflik, perusakan lahan pertanian, dan peningkatan kriminalitas, sementara dampak ekonominya merugikan negara melalui hilangnya pendapatan pajak dan biaya rehabilitasi lingkungan. Analisis naratif ini mengkaji kerusakan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh tambang ilegal, mengidentifikasi akar masalah dan faktor yang mempengaruhi maraknya tambang ilegal, serta menyoroti pentingnya kolaborasi antara pemerintah, penegak hukum, organisasi non-pemerintah, dan masyarakat untuk mengatasi masalah ini dan mendorong pertambangan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini juga memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai dampak negatif tambang ilegal, mendorong upaya konservasi dan rehabilitasi lingkungan, serta menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam merumuskan kebijakan dan strategi pengendalian penambangan ilegal.
Kata Kunci: Analisis Naratif; Batu Bara; Dampak Penambangan Ilegal; Media Online; Studi Literatur
Komunikasi Pemasaran Word of Mouth Kelompok Belajar Harapan Bunda Kedungwuluh Purwokerto dalam Membangun Kepercayaan Klien
Authors: Purwanto Niken Meinica , Turistiati Ade Tuti , Perwita Adinna Islah
Published: February 2025

Keberadaan Kelompok Belajar (KB) semakin meningkat baik di kota besar maupun kota kecil seperti Purwokerto. Perlu adanya strategi pemasaran yang tepat bagi KB untuk dapat bersaing dengan kompetitor lainnya dalam memikat calon klien. Salah satunya, strategi komunikasi pemasaran word of mouth yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok Belajar Harapan Bunda Kedungwuluh Purwokerto Barat atau yang dikenal dengan sebutan KB Harbund. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan komunikasi pemasaran word of mouth KB Harbund dalam membangun kepercayaan klien dari aspek harmony, acceptance dan participation simplicity. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara snowball sampling, observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dikaji dengan teori kepercayaan klien dari Manfred Bruhn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa word of mouth di KB Harbund berasal dari pihak internal dan eksternal KB Harbund. Dari pihak internal yaitu kepala sekolah dan guru-guru KB Harbund dengan KB Harbund menyosialisasikan kepada masyarakat akan pentingnya pendidikan anak usia dini dan menawarkan biaya sekolah yang murah, sementara dari pihak eksternal yaitu wali murid dan stakeholder dari KB Harbund dengan menceritakan dan merekomendasikan KB Harbund kepada calon klien. Word of mouth yang dilakukan ini berhasil membangun kepercayaan klien melalui program-program yang ada di KB Harbund, diantaranya  program subsidi silang, program parenting, program outing class, program kesehatan, dan program konsultasi.
Kata kunci: Komunikasi Pemasaran Word of mouth; Teori Kepercayaan Klien Manfred Bruhn; Kelompok Belajar; KB Harbund Purwokerto
Developing Game Profiling Framework To Generate Gamification & Communication
Authors: Prasetyo Lusi Noviani , Gamayanto Indra
Published: February 2025

Game is a means in shaping character, Creativity and communication. Therefore, games cannot separate in our lives because games are one of the most important parts and have an important role in developing competence. This research is a development of two previous types of research that have obtained patents: Benthix VR: a virtual reality simulation application to preserve a traditional game & to develop a techno-family through virtual-reality benthix game. This development resulted in a game profiling framework that guides building games more systematically and structured manner. However, problems such as the game's function not yet maximized and the response that games are more likely to have disruptive factors in the learning process are factors that this research will overcome. Therefore, this research will produce a game profiling framework called the trilogy of game profiling. The trilogy of game profiling produces the seven stages of educational games and gamification. Furthermore, this research will explain the concept, case study and application of the seven stages of the educational game, which consists of: see, discussion, establish, build, define, decide, and expand (implementation), to produce special gamification of the learning process at the educational level. This research will continue in the next stage, which will discuss gamification in detail, prototyping and application development in the context and content.
Keywords: Concepts; Gamification & communication; Implementation; The seven stages of educational game; The trilogy of game profiling
Meta Verified Trends in Indonesia Related to Brand’s Endorsement Decisions
Authors: Putri Vega Karina Andira , Dinansyah Fakhriy
Published: February 2025

In June 2023, Meta Verified has been available and can be purchased in Indonesia. Meta Verified is a service that allows all Instagram and Facebook users to get a blue tick and several other benefits the company offers. The interest of Instagram users in subscribing to this service is immense because a blue tick accompanying the account name is considered to strengthen an individual's profile. The blue tick is believed to support the personal branding built by someone on Instagram to become more credible. So far, brands have a preference for choosing accounts with a blue tick because they are synonymous with their credibility in the eyes of the public. Aditya's research in 2021 shows that the source's credibility increases awareness of the company and can determine the attitude of Indonesian consumers towards a brand advertisement. The presence of Meta Verified, which now allows all users to have a blue tick without showing credibility, is the background to the paper entitled "Meta Verified Trends in Indonesia Regarding Endorsement Decisions by Brands." This research aims to determine whether there has been a change in the preferences of endorsers who have blue ticks on Instagram. This research paper uses a case study method with data collection techniques through interviews with brands who frequently endorse on Instagram social media. This research shows that brands place a larger endorsement budget for Instagram accounts with a blue tick that does not use subscription services or for those that get the blue tick organically.Keywords: Meta Verified, Personal Branding, Endorsement, Social Media, Innovation
Towards a Socio-Cultural History of Experience: A Theoretical-Methodological Framework
Authors: Kokko Heikki , Harjula Minna
Published: February 2025

This article focuses on two basic issues: how experiences are social and cultural, and how we can use experiences as an analytical lens in historical research. Kokko and Harjula develop their earlier social history-based approach to experiences by making cultural legitimation an explicit component of theoretical conceptualisation. They theorise how experiences construct socio-cultural reality by pointing out institutionalisation and legitimation as the processes that make experiences societally circulated, taken-for-granted socio-cultural structures. The dynamics of change are conceptualised as an interplay between cultural tradition, present experiences, and future expectations.

The article presents methodological tools for historical research. The ‘layer of experience’ and ‘scene of experience’ are conceptualisations for contextual temporal and spatial analysis. By combining the analysis of expressions of experiences – ‘sediments’ – with the study of ‘scripts’ and ‘narratives’, Kokko and Harjula contribute to the recent discussion on the normative and narrative features of experience. They conclude by reflecting on the role of historical research in cultural legitimation.
The Construction and Politics of the ‘Birth Experience’ in Britain, 1948–93
Authors: Bates Victoria , Crane Jennifer , Fannin Maria
Published: February 2025

A new concept of childbirth ‘experience’ emerged in late twentieth-century Britain, crafted by an erratic yet powerful mesh of interest groups. Experience is a powerful and malleable concept, that has been mobilised in different ways over time. In this case study, discussions of ‘experiencing’ childbirth were first the grounding for a culture of complaint, and birthing people were typically spoken for. In later years, to ‘experience’ childbirth was increasingly named, as a term and a concept. Indeed, the idea of a ‘birth experience’ became aspirational, and linked to distinctive and new cultures of celebration. This article’s analysis of the history of ‘birth experience’ traces this shift through archival methods, while also insisting that ‘experience’ does not simply exist for historians or geographers to ‘uncover’. Rather, experience must be closely attended to. In this case, these contested concepts of experience had significant implications for women’s lives and the ways in which they have made sense of childbirth in subsequent decades.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP KEBERAGAMAN: STUDI KUALITATIF DI SMA NEGERI 1 PATIANROWO
Authors: Maslachah  , Deddi Fasmadhy Satiadharmanto
Published: February 2025

Keberagaman budaya dan agama di Indonesia menciptakan tantangan dan peluang dalam pendidikan, terutama di sekolah-sekolah dengan latar belakang siswa yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi siswa terhadap keberagaman di SMA Negeri 1 Patianrowo dan bagaimana mereka berinteraksi dengan teman-teman dari latar belakang yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD) yang melibatkan 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki kesadaran yang cukup tinggi mengenai pentingnya keberagaman, meskipun masih terdapat prasangka dan stereotip yang perlu diatasi. Sebagian besar siswa menyatakan bahwa interaksi dengan teman dari latar belakang yang berbeda memberikan pengalaman positif dan memperkaya pemahaman mereka tentang toleransi. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan perlunya program pendidikan yang lebih inklusif untuk mendukung pengembangan sikap toleran di kalangan siswa.
PENERAPAN ICE BREAKING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI MADRASAH AL-HIKAM JATIREJO JOMBANG
Authors: Nur Lailatul Fitri  , Laily Masruroh  , Amalia Fauzia Rahma
Published: February 2025

Penerapan ice breaking sudah banyak dilakukan oleh para guru dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Penerapan ice breaking bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sebuah motivasi siswa dalam belajar di Madrasah Al-Hikam Jatirejo, Jombang. Penerapan ice breaking juga bertujuan untuk melatih kemampuan para guru untuk menguasai pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Ice breaking merupakan sebuah cara ataupun solusi bagi guru untuk mengembalikan suasana kelas agar tetap kondusif dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ice breaking berhasil dilaksanakan oleh beberapa guru di Madrasah Al-Hikam. Beberapa temuan mengungkapkan bahwa ice breaking banyak diterapkan dalam berbagai mata pelajaran karena tersedia banyak variasi model ice breaking yang dapat digunakan. Ice breaking juga dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa untuk lebih semangat, tidak merasa jenuh, menghindari rasa kantuk, sehingga berkemungkinan untuk lebih fokus pada saat proses pembelajaran.
KODE ETIK GURU PAI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF PERSATUAN GURU REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Farandika Nanda Pratama  , Ahmad Basori Nurtaqim  , Lailatus Syaadah  , Puspo Nugroho
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari artikel ini ialah supaya bisa mengetahui kode etik dan ikrar guru Indonesia serta kasus pelanggaran kode etik gurunya yang menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif pada metode penelitiannya yakni library research. Hasil pembahasannya mengkaji beberapa hal yang pertama yakni guru sebagai salah satu profesi di Indonesia tentu saja mempunyai kode etik terkait pedoman aturan yang perlu diperhatikan serta dipatuhi secara maksimal disebut kode etik guru. Kedua, fungsi kode etik agar tanggung jawab profesi sebagai guru bisa dijalankan berdasarkan apa yang telah diharapkan serta melindungi agar tanggung jawab profesi bisa dijalankan sesuai harapan. Ketiga, kode etik guru ini sudah disepakati dan diterima anggota PGRI sehingga melahirkan rumusan kode etik guru Indonesia serta ikrar guru Indonesia. Keempat, adanya beberapa pelanggaran kode etik seperti yang terjadi pada MTs Nurul Ihsan Nerawang dengan suatu tindakan kekerasan yang dilakukan guru terhadap siswanya dengan menamparnya sehingga diadukan pihak berwajib ini berdasarkan UU No. 14 Tahun 2005 sudah melanggar kode etik gurunya.
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP TRADISI MAPPABOTTING KAMBARA (Studi Kasus Di Desa Kanaungan, Kecamatan Labakkang, Kabupaten Pangkep)
Authors: M Ariesman , Chamdar Nur  , Nasra
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis tradisi Mappabotting Kambara dalam adat Bugis Makassar di Desa Kanaungan, Kecamatan Labakkang, Kabupaten Pangkep, dari perspektif hukum Islam. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah dua hal: pertama, bagaimana proses pelaksanaan Mappabotting Kambara dalam pernikahan adat Bugis; kedua, bagaimana pandangan hukum Islam terhadap tradisi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode teologis normatif dan antropologis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi untuk menjaga transferabilitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua temuan utama. Pertama, Mappabotting Kambara merujuk pada pernikahan yang melibatkan dua pasang pengantin dan melibatkan dua ritual utama: Pallawa Addengeng dan Mappasiruntu Botting. Ritual Mappasiruntu Botting membutuhkan enam bahan penting: Addengeng Rakkeang (kerangka atas), kelapa tua, ayam hidup, Ja’jakeng (rempah-rempah), tujuh jenis kue, dan Passili (bahan penyucian). Kedua, jika masyarakat Desa Kanaungan meyakini bahwa ritual ini dapat menghindarkan mereka dari musibah dan melaksanakan dengan niat untuk menghindari bahaya, maka tradisi ini bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam dan dapat digolongkan sebagai syirik, karena mengarah pada penyekutuan Allah. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat perlu memahami bahwa amalan seperti ini tidak dibenarkan dalam Islam.
Personal and Collective Memory Boards as an Instrument for Enhancing Community Belonging and Self-Esteem from Tribal Societies to Contemporary Ones
Authors: LEVY UNGER Vered , COJOCARU Stefan
Published: February 2025

This article addresses the concept of memory boards as a community working tool. Collective and personal memory boards served several tribal cultures as a visual exhibit of a tribe’s story or a totem group alongside every member’s unique contribution. They are powerful tools to strengthen community belonging and sense of their members’ self-esteem. Two tribal art objects are represented as examples of efficient memory holders for their community members: Indigenous Australian Churinga in Australia and the Lukasa memory boards of the African Luba tribe. An intervention program based on the Hero-Heroine’s Journey model, focusing on the interface between myths, personal stories, and art, took place from 2023 to 2024 among 40 participants from three third-age clubs in a central city in Israel. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with some program participants emphasizing the examined parameters. Among artistic tools, collage technique and metaphorical collage research tools were used to enable nonverbal expression among participants. This article presents an experiment where artistic tribal practices using memory artifacts inspired an efficient tool that can be used nowadays in community art projects to enhance a sense of belonging and a sense of self-esteem. It demonstrates how a modern "memory board" created using the metaphorical collage tool refers to and deepens interview data. An analysis of the metaphorical collages and interviews revealed that collages shed light on themes found in the interview. The meaning of the results and the main conclusions arising from this article are: (a) using tribal techniques, such as memory boards, as part of artistic tools and products, can change people’s sense of belonging and self-esteem and (b) we can contribute to contemporary community members’ understanding of these two parameters by continuing research about using these practical tools.
Effects of Theatrical Film-Based Instruction Integrated Leadership Training on International School Students’ Learning Motivation and Creativity
Authors: WU Kangzhao , DONG De
Published: February 2025

Theatrical films are gradually applied to education field in past years, especially in courses of business administration, psychology, and linguistics. Being a visualized and situated teaching tool, films could effectively deliver abstract concept as well as induce students’ emotional resonance and enhance deep learning. Students could promote the problem-solving skills and creativity through observing and imitating movie characters’ behaviors. This study examined a cohort of 172 international school students in Shaanxi Province. The intervention comprised a 16-week program (48 sessions) that combined theatrical film-based pedagogy with leadership development. Analysis of the data demonstrated three significant relationships: the integrated film-leadership instruction positively influenced student learning motivation; this instructional approach enhanced student creativity; and increased learning motivation corresponded with higher creativity levels. These findings contribute to both the theoretical framework and practical applications of film-based methodologies in leadership education, offering implications for future pedagogical design.
Emotional Intelligence Roles for Successful Academic Self-Management of Distance Learning
Authors: Risnawati Erna , Pramitasari Muktia , Mustapa Noviana , Hanafi
Published: February 2025

The advancement of distance learning in education is significant. Professionals and workers can study remotely without having to take time off from work to attend classes. Low academic self-management, on the other hand, is a common barrier faced by students enrolled in distance education programs. Therefore, Research on academic self-management and its determinants have been carried out. Respondents in this study were 180 (19-45 years old) early childhood department program students who were also teachers and lived in urban, suburban, and rural settings conducted by accidental sampling by online questionnaire. Mezzo's self-management scale and Schutte's brief emotional scale (BEIS) were used to measure academic self-management and emotional intelligence, respectively. Regression analysis was used to process the data. There are respondents from rural, suburban, and urban locations. The study's findings indicate that emotional intelligence has a 32.1% impact on academic self-management, with utilization dimension (38%) and emotional control dimensions (39,6%) having the largest effects. The findings of this study are expected to lead to new recommendations for managing emotional intelligence in the Open University student orientation program.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELANGGARAN HAM YANG TERJADI PADA ANAK BUAH KAPAL (ABK)
Authors: Agnescia Pera , Jamba Padrisan
Published: February 2025

Indonesia, a major contributor of labor in the fisheries sector, particularly as fishery crew members (ABK), faces challenges where ABK on both domestic and foreign vessels often fall victim to various forms of abuse, including violence, forced labor, and human trafficking. This study adopts a normative approach using a legal method to analyze regulations and aims to investigate the main issues confronting the Indonesian fisheries workforce, specifically ABK. Research findings reveal inadequate protection due to factors such as insufficient sectoral policies, delays in formulating and implementing regulations, lack of awareness, inadequate data collection, weak policy enforcement, and limited government attention. To address these challenges, the study recommends comprehensive protection involving the fulfillment of basic labor rights and the implementation of capacity development initiatives. Capacity enhancement can be achieved through fiscal policies, operational support, and broader access to information about fishery product usage. Consequently, protection policies for workers in the capture fisheries sector should be comprehensive, considering economic, legal, and social aspects across various related sectors.
Keywords: Legal Protection; Human Rights Violations; Crews (ABK)
Comparative analysis of retinal vascular structural parameters in populations with different glucose metabolism status based on color fundus photography and artificial intelligence
Authors: Chen Naimei , Zhu Zhentao , Gong Di , Xu Xinrong , Hu Xinya , Yang Weihua
Published: February 2025

Objective

Measure and analyze retinal vascular parameters in individuals with varying glucose metabolism, explore preclinical retinal microstructure changes related to diabetic retinopathy (DR), and assess glucose metabolism’s impact on retinal structure.

Methods

The study employed a cross-sectional design encompassing a 4-year period from 2020 to 2024. Fundus photographs from 320 individuals (2020–2024) were categorized into non-diabetes, pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without DR, and T2DM with mild-to-moderate non-proliferative DR (NPDR) groups. An artificial intelligence (AI)-based automatic measurement system was used to quantify retinal blood vessels in the fundus color photographic images, enabling inter-group parameter comparison and analysis of significant differences.

Results

Between January 2020 and June 2024, fundus color photographs were collected from 320 individuals and categorized into four groups: non-diabetes (n = 54), pre-diabetes (n = 71), T2DM without overt DR (n = 144), and T2DM with mild-to-moderate NPDR (n = 51). In pairwise comparisons among individuals with pre-diabetes, T2DM without DR, and T2DM with mild-to-moderate NPDR. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly different (P < 0.05). Within the T2DM population, FBG, HbA1c, age, SBP, and DBP were significant predictors for mild-to-moderate NPDR (P < 0.05). Average venous branching number (branch_avg_v) was significantly different among pre-diabetes, T2DM without DR, and T2DM with mild-to-moderate NPDR groups. In patients with T2DM with mild-to-moderate NPDR, Average length of arteries (length_avg_a) and average length of veins (length_avg_v) increased, whereas branch_avg_v, average venous branching angle (angle_avg_v), average venous branching asymmetry (asymmetry_avg_v),overall length density (vessel_length_density), and vessel area density (vessel_density) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified length_avg_a, branch_avg_v, angle_avg_v, asymmetry_avg_v, vessel_length_density, and vessel_density as independent predictors of mild-to-moderate NPDR in patients with T2DM. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that length_avg_a, length_avg_v, branch_avg_v, angle_avg_v, asymmetry_avg_v, vessel_length_density, and vessel_density had diagnostic value for mild-to-moderate NPDR (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

In individuals diagnosed with T2DM, specific retinal vascular parameters, such as branch_avg_v and vessel_density, demonstrate a significant correlation with mild-to-moderate NPDR. These parameters hold promise as preclinical biomarkers for detecting vascular abnormalities associated with DR.
Genotype 3 is linked to worse liver disease progression in hepatitis C patients even after SVR following DAA therapy
Authors: Ran Xiping , Xu Yang , Wang Ying , Zeng Cheng , Gong Chen , Wang Ni , Cai Dachuan
Published: February 2025

Background and aims

HCV genotype (GT) 3 is associated with rapid liver disease progression. However, the liver disease progression and its risk factors in patients with HCV GT 3 infection after sustained virological response (SVR) following direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the liver disease progression of patients with GT 3 after SVR.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with HCV infection who achieved SVR by DAAs. The clinical outcome was overall liver disease progression (OLDP), defined as newly diagnosed compensated liver cirrhosis, decompensated liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. The incidence of OLDP was evaluated by Kaplan−Meier analysis. Cox regression analysis identified the risk factors for OLDP.

Results

A total of 409 patients (46.9% GT3) were followed for 43.7 (32.9, 58.7) months. The incidence of OLDP was higher in patients with GT 3 (4.63/100PY) than non-GT 3 (0.60/100PY; P < 0.001). According to Cox multivariate analysis, GT 3 was significantly associated with OLDP (HR 6.41, 95% CI 1.82 - 22.56; P=0.004). The predictors of OLDP in patients with GT 3 were HCV recurrence (HR 12.15, 95% CI 3.18 - 46.46; P < 0.001) and FIB-4 > 3.25 (HR 16.40, 95% CI 1.03 - 39.81; P = 0.046) at baseline.

Conclusion

HCV GT 3-infected patients remain at a higher risk of OLDP even after achieving SVR by DAAs, especially patients with advanced liver fibrosis and at high risk for reinfection or virological late relapse.
Correlation between uterine microbiota and pregnancy outcomes of embryo transfer in overweight and obese women
Authors: Yan Ying , Li Ying , Wu Lingling , Zhang Yuxuan , Guo Hong , Ji Yazhong
Published: February 2025

Objective

Currently, it has been reported that uterine microbiota affected pregnancy outcomes in assisted reproductive technology, but little was known in obese women. Thus, this study aims to explore how body weight affects pregnancy outcomes by comparing the differences in uterine microbiota between women of normal weight and those with obesity or overweight.

Methods

The study included 45 embryo transfer cycles. Patients were divided into two groups based on body mass index (BMI): normal-weight group, BMI ≤23.9 kg/m² (Con group, n=31) and obesity/overweight group, BMI >23.9 kg/m² (OwOb group, n=14). Microbial samples were collected from the catheter tips and analyzed using RNA Ribosomal 16S.

Results

In 45 women, the β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) positivity rate and clinical pregnancy rate 10-12 days after embryo transfer were higher in the Con group. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the Con group was 2.2 times higher than that in the OwOb group. The Alpha diversity in the OwOb group was significantly higher than in the Con group (p=0.028). After regrouping based on β-hCG results 10-12 days post-transfer, in the Con-negative group (the group with negative β-hCG in the Con group, n=16) the relative abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella (p<0.001), Parasutterella (p=0.004), Dialister (p=0.01), and Gardnerella (p=0.029) were significantly higher than in the Con-positive group (the group with positive β-hCG in the Con group, n=15).

Conclusion

Overweight and obese women possess a distinct uterine microbiota, characterized by a lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus and an increased relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, along with specific genera strongly associated with obesity. In individuals with higher BMI, pathogenic bacteria are more likely to impair endometrial receptivity, ultimately leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, modulating the uterine microbiota in overweight/obese women may improve assisted reproductive technology success rates.
Gut-brain axis mediated by intestinal content microbiota was associated with Zhishi Daozhi decoction on constipation
Authors: Fang Leyao , Yi Xin , Shen Junxi , Deng Na , Peng Xinxin
Published: February 2025

Background

Constipation is a common digestive system disorder, which is closely related to the intestinal flora. Zhishi Daozhi decoction (ZDD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used to treat constipation caused by indigestion. This study is to evaluate the efficacy of ZDD in treating constipation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods

In this study, Kunming mice were administered a high-protein diet (HFHPD) and loperamide hydrochloride injections to induce constipation. The mice then received varying doses (2.4, 4.7, and 9.4 mg/kg) of ZDD for seven days. Following the sampling process, we measured fecal microbial activity. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and aquaporin-3 (AQP3) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in the gut microbiota were evaluated through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, we investigated the correlation between specific microbiota features and the levels of 5-HT, VIP, and AQP3.

Results

The fecal surface of the mice in the model group (CMM) was rough and dry. The stool of mice in the low-dose ZDD group (CLD), medium-dose ZDD group (CMD), and high-dose ZDD group (CHD) exhibited a smoother texture, closely resembling that of the normal group (CNM). 5-HT levels in the CMM group were significantly lower than in the CNM, CLD, and CHD. VIP levels in the CMD were lower than in the other four groups, and AQP3 levels in CMM showed a decreasing trend. The fecal microbial activity of the CMM group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. Diversity analysis indicated that CMD and CHD treatments were more effective in restoring the intestinal microbiota structure. Potential pathogenic bacteria, including Clostridium, Aerococcus, Jeotgalicoccus, and Staphylococcus were enriched in CMM. In contrast, beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, Bacillaceae, and Bacillus were more prevalent in the CLD, CMD, and CHD. Correlation analysis revealed that Streptococcus and Enterococcus were positively correlated with VIP, while Succinivibrio showed a negative correlation with 5-HT.

Conclusions

Constipation induced by HFHPD and loperamide hydrochloride disrupts the structure of the intestinal microbiota. ZDD appears to alleviate constipation, potentially through mechanisms linked to the brain-gut axis and its interaction with the intestinal microbiota. Among the treatment groups, the medium dose of ZDD demonstrated the most effective results.
Biotechnology in direct air capture, enhanced weathering, and methane removal: emerging opportunities and gaps
Authors: Reginato Paul L.
Published: February 2025

Net emissions targets for the coming decades demand that new greenhouse gas removal (GHGR) technologies be developed and scaled to up to 10 GtCO2e/yr. by 2050. Due to the interdisciplinarity and novelty of GHGR technologies, GHGR research faces challenges of adapting technical disciplines to new domains and broadly empowering researchers with the knowledge necessary to identify and solve key problems. This Perspective discusses the significant, but underexplored, role biotechnology could play in several GHGR technologies as well as the common research, community, and knowledge gaps that are limiting progress. The GHGR technologies of focus are (1) the potential for the enzyme carbonic anhydrase to catalyze CO2 exchange in direct air capture; (2) the potential utility of microbes for accelerating soil-based or reactor-based enhanced rock weathering; and (3) the potential for methanotrophic bacteria or methane monooxygenase enzymes to oxidize methane for atmospheric methane removal via enhanced methanotrophy or bioreactors. Research progress on those GHGR methods is strongly limited by lack of interdisciplinary research community development as well as knowledge gaps. There is a need for clear and accessible articulation of actionable problems, ideally paired with risk-tolerant funding opportunities, as a tool for recruiting and empowering relevant researchers to these under-addressed technology areas.
A case series of patients with cardiac amyloidosis evaluated at a Colombian university hospital
Authors: López-Ponce de León Juan David , Granados-Álvarez Santiago , Arango-Ibanez Juan Pablo , Montero Echeverri Juan Manuel , Arteaga Tobar Andrea Alejandra , Garcia Andrea Facio-Lince , Rodas Cortes Yorlany , Gómez-Mesa Juan Esteban
Published: February 2025

Background

In Colombia, the characteristics of cardiac amyloidosis (CA)—including wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRwt), immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL), and genetic variant transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv)—are underexplored.

Methods

This case series at a Colombian university hospital analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and genetic data of CA patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2022. Patients with incomplete data underwent further testing.

Results

Of 24 identified patients, 14 were included after exclusions. The majority were male (73.3%), with an average age of 70.6 years. ATTRv and AL were equally prevalent (42.8%), followed by ATTRwt (14.2%). The p.Val142Ile TTR mutation was found among all ATTRv patients. Most presented with functional capacity NYHA I-II and common electrocardiographic findings included low voltage, atrial fibrillation, and first-degree AV block. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, reduced longitudinal strain, and late myocardial enhancement.

Conclusions

AL and ATTRv were the most common causes of CA followed by ATTRwt. This distribution, along with the clinical, and radiological characterization is consistent with previous reports of other regions. The p.Val142Ile mutation was the only one found in patients with ATTRv, suggesting a strong African genetic influence. These findings enhance our understanding of CA in the region.
Comparative analysis of ChatGPT and Gemini (Bard) in medical inquiry: a scoping review
Authors: Fattah Fattah H. , Salih Abdulwahid M. , Salih Ameer M. , Asaad Saywan K. , Ghafour Abdullah K. , Bapir Rawa , Abdalla Berun A. , Othman Snur , Ahmed Sasan M. , Hasan Sabah Jalal , Mahmood Yousif M. , Kakamad Fahmi H.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are popular interconnected technologies. AI chatbots like ChatGPT and Gemini show considerable promise in medical inquiries. This scoping review aims to assess the accuracy and response length (in characters) of ChatGPT and Gemini in medical applications.

Methods

The eligible databases were searched to find studies published in English from January 1 to October 20, 2023. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies that focused on using AI in medicine and assessed outcomes based on the accuracy and character count (length) of ChatGPT and Gemini. Data collected from the studies included the first author's name, the country where the study was conducted, the type of study design, publication year, sample size, medical speciality, and the accuracy and response length.

Results

The initial search identified 64 papers, with 11 meeting the inclusion criteria, involving 1,177 samples. ChatGPT showed higher accuracy in radiology (87.43% vs. Gemini's 71%) and shorter responses (907 vs. 1,428 characters). Similar trends were noted in other specialties. However, Gemini outperformed ChatGPT in emergency scenarios (87% vs. 77%) and in renal diets with low potassium and high phosphorus (79% vs. 60% and 100% vs. 77%). Statistical analysis confirms that ChatGPT has greater accuracy and shorter responses than Gemini in medical studies, with a p-value of <.001 for both metrics.

Conclusion

This Scoping review suggests that ChatGPT may demonstrate higher accuracy and provide shorter responses than Gemini in medical studies.
Warpage in wafer-level packaging: a review of causes, modelling, and mitigation strategies
Authors: Praful Pallavi , Bailey Chris
Published: February 2025

Wafer-level packaging (WLP) is a pivotal semiconductor packaging technology that enables heterogeneously integrated advanced semiconductor packages with high-density electrical interconnections through its efficient and highly reliable manufacturing processes. Within this domain, fan-out wafer-level packaging has gained prominence due to its potential for high integration capacity, scalability, and performance on a smaller footprint. This review examines FOWLP technology and its associated challenges, primarily warpage. As semiconductor companies strive to develop cutting-edge packages, wafer warpage remains an intrinsic and persistent issue affecting yield and reliability at both the wafer and package levels. Warpage characterization techniques and modeling approaches, including theoretical, numerical, and emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) methods, have been analyzed. The structural parameters and properties of the constituent materials of the reconstituted wafer and the FOWLP process have been considered to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods in predicting and analyzing warpage. Potential directions and limitations in warpage prediction and mitigation have been outlined for future research for more reliable and high-performance FOWLP solutions.
Dietary calcium intake in primary hyperparathyroidism and in its normocalcemic variant: a case-control study
Authors: Bisceglia Nicolò , Malagrinò Matteo , Piazza Anna , Vandi Giulia , Repaci Andrea , Pagotto Uberto , Zavatta Guido
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NHPT) is considered to be an early stage in the evolution of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). To formulate a correct diagnosis, secondary hyperparathyroidism due to low calcium intake must be excluded. Whether dietary calcium intake might affect the clinical presentation of PHPT or NHPT has never been addressed consistently.

Objective

To describe patients with a diagnosis of NHPT or PHPT in relation to their calcium intake, through three standard validated questionnaires; to describe clinical, biochemical and radiological features of NHPT and PHPT patients compared to each other and to a control group.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Outpatient, single academic medical center.

Patients

109 consecutive women recruited from February 2021 through April 2023. 54 patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT or NHPT) were age-matched with 55 unselected women undergoing bone density test screening due to recently diagnosed hormone-positive breast cancer. NHPT diagnosis was based on multiple determinations of both total and albumin-corrected serum calcium.

Interventions

Administration of all the following during routine endocrine consultation: a country-specific food-frequency questionnaire (LOC), the International Osteoporosis Foundation Calcium Calculator (IOF) and the National Osteoporosis Foundation calcium questionnaire (NOF).

Main outcome measures

Any association between dietary calcium intake and clinical, radiological, or biochemical features.

Results

All three questionnaires confirmed that NHPT patients had similar calcium intake as those with PHPT or controls. Biochemistries and bone turnover markers were similar between the two variants of hyperparathyroidism, except for serum calcium (sCa). NHPT patients had a significantly lower BMD and T-score at one-third distal radius compared to PHPT, while the prevalence of nephrolithiasis and clinical fractures were similar. Multivariate analysis investigating predictors of serum calcium showed that age, eGFR, calcium intake and 25(OH)D did not significantly affect serum calcium, while multivariate analysis investigating predictors of PTH (age, variant NHPT vs. PHPT, eGFR, calcium intake, 25(OH)D, cholecalciferol supplements) showed that calcium intake, variant and renal function, significantly influenced PTH levels.

Conclusions

All patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, particularly those with low dietary calcium intake, should be advised not to restrict dietary calcium to prevent further increase in PTH levels. Whether maintaining adequate calcium intake might positively impact bone density or biochemistries in patients refraining from surgery, should be addressed in longitudinal studies.
Gestational diabetes mellitus in previous pregnancy associated with the risk of large for gestational age and macrosomia in the second pregnancy
Authors: Wang Ying , Yang Juan , Liu Yuzhen , Yang Ao , Deng Yuqing , Xu Chang , Zhong Shilin
Published: February 2025

Background

Since the implementation of China’s new birth policy, the incidence of large for gestational age (LGA) and macrosomia associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased. It remains unclear whether a history of GDM in a previous pregnancy raises the risk of LGA or macrosomia in Chinese women planning two or more pregnancies.

Aim

To analyze the association between previous GDM and the risk of LGA and macrosomia in second pregnancy.

Method

A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 3,131 women who had experienced two consecutive singleton births. The incidences of LGA and macrosomia in the second pregnancy were compared between women with and without previous GDM. The relationship between previous GDM and the occurrence of LGA and macrosomia was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and stratified analysis.

Results

The incidence of LGA and macrosomia during the second pregnancy was significantly higher in women with previous GDM (22.67% and 10.25%, respectively) compared to those without prior GDM (15.34% and 5.06%, respectively) (P < 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, previous GDM was significantly associated with LGA (aOR: 1.511, 95% CI: 1.066-2.143) and macrosomia (aOR: 1.854, 95% CI: 1.118-3.076) in the second pregnancy. Stratified analysis revealed that these associations were present only in women without previous LGA, those with GDM, appropriate gestational weight gain (AGWG), non-advanced maternal age, and male newborns during the second pregnancy (P < 0.05). Compared to excessive GWG (EGWG), AGWG correlated with lower risks for LGA and macrosomia during the second pregnancy in women without prior GDM, an association not observed in those with previous GDM. Among women without previous GDM, if the pre-pregnancy BMI is normal, the risk of LGA and macrosomia is significant lower in AGWG compared with EGWG (P< 0.001), while this difference was no significant among women with prior GDM (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Previous GDM is strongly linked to LGA and macrosomia in subsequent pregnancies. However, this relationship is influenced by GWG, prior LGA history, fetal sex, and maternal age. Managing weight alone may not sufficiently reduce the risk of LGA or macrosomia for women with a history of GDM.