bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pewarisan Karakter Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif pada Hipokotil dan Kotiledon Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Silangan IPB T64 x IPB T3
Authors: Mustafa Marlina , Syukur Muhamad , Hadi Sutjahjo Surjono , . Sobir
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTHypocotyl and cotyledon are potentially used as effective morphological markers since they can be detected earlier. Information on inheritance of tomato hypocotyl and cotyledon was not available. The aims of this research was to study the inheritance of qualitative and quantitative characters of tomato hypocotyl and cotyledon. This research used six population, P1 green hypocotyl (IPB T64), P2 purple hypocotyl (IPB T3), F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, and F2. Analysis of qualitative characters used Mendelian and gene action of quantitative characters used joint scaling test. The results of Mendelian indicated that the character of hypocotyl color was controlled by two genes of dominant-recessive epistasis. The gene controlling purple color was dominant to the green color gene. Based on the F2 distribution test, hypocotyl length, cotyledon length and width were controlled by polygenes. There was no influence of maternal effect. The results of the joint scaling test showed gene action of hypocotyl length was controlled by additive gene with influence of additive-dominant epistasis. Length and width of the cotyledon were controlled by additive gene and influence of duplicate epistasis effect. All characters had high level of broad sense heritability and medium level of narrow sense heritability.Keywords: cotyledone, gene action, heritability, hypocotyle, morphology marker.ABSTRAKHipokotil dan kotiledon berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai marka morfologi yang efektif karena dapat dideteksi lebih dini. Informasi pola pewarisan karakter hipokotil dan kotiledon tomat belum banyak tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pola pewarisan karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari hipokotil dan kotiledon tomat sebagai marka morfologi pada tahap awal pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam set populasi yaitu P1 hipokotil hijau (IPB T64), P2 hipokoti ungu (IPB T3), F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, dan F2. Karakter kualitatif menggunakan analisis Mendel dan pendugaan aksi gen karakter kuantitatif menggunakan analisis skala gabungan. Hasil analisis Mendel menunjukkan bahwa karakter warna hipokotil dikendalikan oleh dua pasang gen epistasis dominan-resesif. Gen pengendali warna ungu bersifat dominan terhadap warna hijau pada hipokotil tomat. Panjang hipokotil, panjang dan lebar kotiledon dikendalikan oleh banyak gen dan tidak ada pengaruh tetua betina berdasarkan uji sebaran populai F2. Hasil analisis skala gabungan menunjukkan bahwa aksi gen karakter panjang hipokotil dikendalikan oleh gen aditif dengan pengaruh epistasis aditif dominan, panjang dan lebar kotiledon dikendalikan oleh gen dominan dengan pengaruh epistasis duplikat. Semua karakter yang diamati memiliki nilai heritabilitas arti luas dalam tingkatan yang tinggi, sedangkan heritabilitas arti sempit dalam tingkatan yang sedang.Kata kunci: aksi gen, heritabilitas, hipikotil, kotiledon, marka morfologi.
Editorial
Authors: Monzón César Octavio
Published: March 2018

El departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel (DMCyP), Ing. Karl Augustin Grellmann, fue creado en 1970, en un inicio como un instituto que dependía de la Escuela de Graduados de la Universidad de Guadalajara; en 1977 se reubicó a las instalaciones que hoy ocupa. Actualmente, pertenece a la División de Ingenierías del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías (CUCEI) de dicha universidad.

La misión del DMCyP incluye la formación de recursos humanos que respondan a los retos nacionales del presente; proveer de conocimiento de vanguardia a los profesionales del sector; así como, la búsqueda de soluciones a problemas, mediante la innovación e investigación; además de, generar y transferir conocimiento a los sectores académicos, industriales y sociales que promueva el uso responsable de los recursos forestales.

El DMCyP es una institución académica dedicada a la investigación científica y el desarrollo tecnológico que busca contribuir a la innovación del uso sustentable de los recursos renovables, principalmente forestales, para incrementar la competitividad del país.
Compósitos biodegradables elaborados a partir de almidón termoplástico y partículas de madera de fresno
Authors: Barrios Guzmán Arturo Javier , García Enríquez Salvador , Manríquez-González Ricardo , Rivera Prado José De Jesús , Lomelí Ramírez María Guadalupe
Published: March 2018

Se han incrementado los estudios para desarrollar productos biodegradables elaborados a partir de polímeros naturales, entre ellos el almidón, porque es un material muy prometedor para este propósito. El presente trabajo consistió en elaborar y describir biocompósitos de almidón de maíz reforzado con partículas de madera de fresno, por el método de termo-compresión. Los biocompósitos se elaboraron con tamaños de partícula de 425 μm, 600 μm y 1.4 mm, así como en diferentes proporciones (5, 10 y 20 %) y una matriz termoplástica (0 % partículas) fue utilizada como referencia. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que es posible elaborar almidón termoplástico por el método de termo-compresión. Las partículas de madera de fresno incorporadas a la matriz termoplástica contribuyeron a mejorar la resistencia a la tracción y el módulo de elasticidad, con una buena interfase (matriz-partícula) observado en imágenes SEM. El tratamiento térmico (annealing) aplicado a las probetas tuvo un gran efecto en los resultados de resistencia a tracción. Los compósitos con 10 % y 20 % de partículas de madera y tamaño de partícula 600 μm presentaron los mayores valores de resistencia mecánica. Los biocompósitos son inflamables pero tienden a auto-extinguirse. Durante el proceso de plastificación ocurre una ligera degradación térmica que origina la aparición de grupos carbonilos. La incorporación de partículas de madera a la matriz termoplástica disminuyó la absorción de humedad.
Caracterización fisicoquímica de propóleos colectados en el Bosque La Primavera Zapopan, Jalisco
Authors: Delgado Aceves María De Lourdes , Andrade Ortega Jesús Ángel , Ramírez Barragán Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2018

El propóleo es un material resinoso producido por las abejas a partir de recursos naturales vegetativos; tiene propiedades antimicrobianas, antifúngicas, antivirales y antiparasitarias, las cuales varían en función de su fuente natural geográfica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la caracterización fisicoquímica de propóleo y de su extracto etanólico [EEP], de Apis mellifera colectados en la región Zapopan, Jalisco, México. Se obtuvieron extractos etanólicos de propóleo desgrasado [EEPd], que fueron analizados de acuerdo a la Norma Ramal Cubana 932-88. Se determinó la cantidad de flavonoides y fenoles totales, y se obtuvieron sus perfiles espectroscópicos de UV-Vis, fluorescencia y FTIR. Los resultados evidenciaron que el mayor porcentaje en peso se distribuye entre ceras (47 %) y material insoluble en etanol (16 %); sin embargo, el rendimiento del extracto etanólico del propóleo (EEP) fue de 33 %. Se determinó un contenido de fenoles totales de 260 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico por gramo de EEP y 130 mg de flavonoides equivalentes de quercetina por gramo de EEP. Las huellas espectroscópicas de los EEP muestran bandas de absorbancia (UV-Vis) en los mismos intervalos de longitud de onda en los que las presentan los fenoles; en cuanto a la fluorescencia, las señales de los EEP son similares a las de las moléculas del tipo flavonoides. Los espectros FTIR son consistentes con los de la literatura para otros propóleos, lo que significa que se siguió un buen proceso de obtención.
PENDUGAAN UMUR SIMPAN GULA SEMUT DALAM KEMASAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARRHENIUS (Shelf Life Prediction of Palm Sugar on Packaging using Arrhenius Equation)
Authors: Kurniawan Hary , Bintoro Nursigit , W.K. Joko Nugroho
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research was to determined the shelf life of packaged palm sugar at various temperatures and relative humidity (RH) storage using Arrhenius model based on changes in water content. The palm sugars were packed with 0.675 mm polyethylene packaging and stored at 15, 25, 30 and 35°C at RH of 77% and 98%. Measured parameters included the determination of critical parameters of palm sugar, initial moisture content and critical moisture content of palm sugar, changes in moisture content during storage. The Arrhenius model approach was used in this study to predict the shelf life period of palm sugar. The results showed that the texture was one of palm sugar critical parameters. Initial moisture content and critical moisture content of palm sugar were obtained at 1.51% (db) and 6.80% (db), respectively. Increase in moisture content of palm sugar occurred in various temperature variations and RH storage. The higher the storage temperature, the higher the moisture content of the palm sugar, which was characterized by the greater slope of moisture content relationship graph with respect to storage period at both RH 77% and 98%. The longest duration of palm sugar occurredat 15°C, RH 77%; the shortest duration occurred at 35°C, RH 98%.

Keywords: palm sugar, packaging, relative humidity, temperature, shelf life

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian in adalah menentukan umur simpan gula semut dalam kemasan pada berbagai suhu dan RH penyimpanan mengunakan model Arrhenius berdasarkan perubahan kadar air. Gula semut dikemas menggunakan kemasan polietilen ketabalan 0,675 mm dan disimpan pada suhu 15, 25, 30 dan 35oC pada RH 77% dan 98%. Parameter yang diukur antara lain penetuan parameter kritis gula semut, kadar air awal dan kadar air kritis gula semut, perubahan kadar air selama penyimpanan. Pendekatan model Arrhenius digunakan dalam penelitan ini untuk memprediksi umur simpan gula semut. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tekstur merupakan salah satu parameter kritis gula semut. Kadar air awal dan kadar air kritis gula semut diperoleh masing-masing 1,51 % (db) dan 6,80% (db). Terjadi peningkatan kadar air gula semut pada berbagai variasi suhu dan RH penyimpanan. Semakin tinggi suhu penyimpanan maka kenaiakn kadar air gula semut semakin besar yang ditandai dengan semakin besar kemiringan grafik hubungan kadar air terhadap waktu penyimpanan baik pada RH 77% dan 98%. Umur simpan gula semut paling lama terjadi pada suhu 15oC RH 77% dan umur simpan gula semut yang paling pendek terjadi pada suhu 35oC RH 98%.    

Kata kunci: gula semut, kelembaban relatif, kemasan, temperatur, umur simpan
Rizobacterias y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares asociados con chile poblano en la sierra nevada de Puebla, México
Authors: González Mancilla Apolinar , Almaraz Suarez Juan José , Ferrera Cerrato Ronald , Rodríguez Guzmán María del Pilar , Taboada Gaytán Oswaldo Rey , Trinidad Santos Antonio
Published: March 2018

En las partes bajas de la Sierra Nevada, Puebla, México, pequeños agricultores cultivan uno de los chiles más tradicionales en la cocina mexicana, el chile poblano. La variabilidad en las prácticas agrícolas y las características del suelo, conducen a diversos microambientes de producción, originando una variación en las poblaciones de microorganismos benéficos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue cuantificar las poblaciones microbianas [hongos totales (HT), bacterias totales (BT), bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfato (BSP), bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno (BFN), bacterias productoras de auxinas (BPA) y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA)] y la producción de frutos en plantaciones de chile poblano cultivado en campo abierto. Mediante diluciones seriadas y siembra en medios específicos se cuantificaron HT, BT, BSP, BFN y BPA. La colonización por HMA se determinó por el método de clareo y tinción con azul tripano. Las poblaciones más altas de BT y BPA fueron encontradas en el sitio siete (Huejotzingo), suelo con alto contenido de fósforo (428.8 mg kg-1), los HT, BSP y BFN fueron mejores en el sitio uno (San Matías Tlalancaleca), éste sitio no presentó las mejores características del suelo, pero si mayor altitud, el cual se correlacionó positivamente con estos microorganismos. La colonización micorrízica fue mejor en el sitio nueve (Huejotzingo), en un suelo con bajo contenido en fósforo (44.3 mg kg-1) y pH moderadamente alcalino (7.6). El rendimiento de frutos fue más alta en el sitio 8 (Huejotzingo), quien presentó mayor contenido de materia orgánica (1.48%) y nitrógeno total (0.07%) en suelo.
El potasio en la calidad nutracéutica de frutos de pepino hidropónico
Authors: Díaz-Méndez Héctor Armando , Preciado-Rangel Pablo , Sánchez Chávez Esteban , Esparza Rivera Juan Ramón , Fortis Hernández Manuel , Álvarez-Reyna Vicente de Paul
Published: March 2018

El incremento de la concentración de compuestos fitoquímicos con propiedades antioxidantes en los cultivos hortofrutícolas es una práctica agronómica que recientemente ha tomado importancia debido a que el consumo de compuestos bioactivos antioxidantes está relacionada con la reducción y prevención de enfermedades crónicas degenerativas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de concentración de potasio (7, 9, 11, 13 y 15 mM) en la solución nutritiva sobre el contenido nutracéutico de frutos de pepino desarrollado en condiciones hidropónicas. La calidad nutracéutica del fruto fue determinada mediante el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides totales, y la capacidad antioxidante in vitro. La mejor calidad nutraceutica en frutos de pepino fue obtenida con la mayor dosis de potasio en la solución nutritiva. La calidad nutracéutica de frutos de pepino hidropónico es factible de mejorarse mediante el incremento del aporte de potasio proporcionado en la solución nutritiva. Esta práctica agronómica representa una alternativa para aumentar el contenido fitoquimico y calidad nutraceutica de frutos de pepino.
Inoculación de halobacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno en la contribución a la tolerancia al estrés salino en frijol tepary (phaseolus acutifolius)
Authors: Renganathan Prabhaharan , Borboa-Flores Jesús , Rosas-Burgos Ema Carina , Cárdenas-López José Luis , Murillo-Amador Bernardo , Ortega-García Jesús , Rueda-Puente Edgar Omar
Published: March 2018

El frijol tepary tolerante a la sequía (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) es un cultivo microbiológicamente inexplorado en regiones áridas de México donde se consume como fuente de proteína dietética. Sin embargo, la salinidad del suelo dificulta la productividad de este cultivo. El aislamiento de bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno halotolerantes específicas (BFN) podría ser una práctica novedosa para mejorar la tolerancia a la sal y mejorar la productividad de los cultivos. En el presente estudio, se aislaron 24 BFN de semillas de tres ecotipos de tepary expuestos a altas salinidades (0, 0.25 y 0.5 M de NaCl) in vitro. Se caracterizaron cepas halotolerantes fijadoras de Nitrógeno. Entre los aislados halotolerantes, sólo uno mostró alta actividad nitrogenada de 6.97 ± 1.1 nmol de cultivo-1 h-1. A partir del análisis 16S de rRNA, el microorganismo halotolerante exhibió una homología de secuencia de 99% con la bacteria conocida Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Los resultados muestran que la inoculación con el aislado halotolerante identificado, tuvo efectos estimulantes sobre los parámetros de crecimiento, germinación de semillas, emergencia de semillas, longitud de brotes, longitud de raíz, biomasa, clorofila foliar y contenido de proteínas, cenizas y fibras brutas.
Apicultura na comunidade areias em sistemas agroecológicos e de produção orgânica
Authors: Muniz Elaine Barbosa , Oliveira Euclides Reuter de , Menegat Alzira Salete , Gabriel Andréa Maria Araújo , Carbonari Osvaldo Souza , Gandra Érika Rosendo de Sena , Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues , Pereira Thaís Lemos , Nunes Fabio Pereira , Rodrigues Gessica Cristina Garcia , Carmo Adrielly Aparecida do , Gouvea Willian Da Silva
Published: March 2018

Objetivou-se com este trabalho, compartilhar os resultados obtidos com o projeto de extensão: “Sistema orgânico e agroecológico de criação de abelhas na comunidade Areias”-PROEX/UFGD, assentamentolocalizado no Município de Nioaque,MS.O enfoque da ação esteve direcionado nas técnicas de manejo com abelhas, para a produção do mel, que fossem apropriadas para o êxito da atividade naquela região, lugar de área pantaneira. Com essa atividade, pretendeu-se à autosuficiência dos assentados, para futuramente, por meio da produção de mel, alcançar em melhoria alimentar e também geração de receita e renda. Durante a ação foram desenvolvidos, mensalmente, cursos práticos e teóricos, associados ao acompanhamento das atividades diversas, tendo, nesse processo, o cuidado de atentar para cada época do calendário de manejo apícola. O acompanhamento eo alcance dos objetivos programados foram avaliados a cada 30 dias. Após encerramento de cada etapa na escala de produção, os envolvidos foram reunidos para avaliar as atividades realizadas, mediante painel geral, para que assim os dados quantitativos e qualitativos, fossem colhidos de forma participativa. Desta maneira os produtores puderam fazer uma profunda reflexão dos encaminhamentos realizados durante todo o processo, identificando as possibilidades de êxito, bem como os problemas que ocorreram, favorecendo a construção de sistemas melhorados.Houve comprometimento de todos os envolvidos na execução desta prática, que após a primeira coleta de mel verificou-se um resultado satisfatório em relação ao aspecto econômico, bem como propiciou satisfação nas relações sociais comunitárias, pois as diversas reuniões e atividades desenvolvidas coletivamente uniram as famílias da comunidade. Isso promoveu o despertar de interesse em outras famílias do assentamento Areias, que passaram a manifestar o desejo em integrarem o grupo e atuarem com a apicultura.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENYELEKSIAN MAHASISWA PENERIMA BEASISWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Ayu Milati Nur Azizah Kustanto,
Published: March 2018

Semakin pesatnya pertumbuhan teknologi informasi di dunia,sehingga semakin hari semakin banyak pula orang yang memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi informasi ini dalam berbagai aktivitas kehidupan ataupun untuk menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan. Salah satunya adalah dalam bidang pendidikan. Implementasinya seperti bagaimana membuat sistem pendukung keputusan merekomendasikan mahasiswa yang layak mendapatkan beasiswa dengan metode Naive Bayes. Metode ini akan mengklasifikasikan data training yang nantinya menghasilkan suatu keputusan untuk digunakan sebagai hasil rekomendasi beasiswa. Sehingga apabila seseorang menginputkan data mahasiswa yang ada dalam aplikasi kemudian data tersebut akan diproses selanjutnya dihasilkan hasil rekomendasi beasiswa seperti rekomendasi apakah mahasiswa tersebut layak mendapatkan beasiswa atau tidak. Naive Bayes merupakan pendekatan statistik untuk melakukan inferensi induksi pada persoalan klasifikasi. Metode yang dapat dipakai untuk mendukung pengambilan (hipotesa) keputusan dalam rekomendasi beasiswa untuk mahasiswa. Dalam tugas akhir ini akan dibangun Web Aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan untuk Penyeleksian Mahasiswa Penerima Beasiswa Menggunakan Algoritma Naive Bayes yang akan merekomendasikan mahasiswa yang layak untuk mendapatkan beasiswa. Pada proses training data akan diolah sebanyak 75% dan sisanya akan diolah pada proses testing sebanyak 25%. Dari proses testing tersebut akan menghasilkan kecocokan antara data asli atau hasil rekomendasi petugas dengan hasil rekomendasi program.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI GAME INTERAKTIF PENGENALAN HURUF DAN ANGKA UNTUK MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI PAUD WACHID HASYIM PONGGOK KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Sulis Purnomo M.Taofik Chulkamdi
Published: March 2018

Usia dini merupakan masa yang sangat penting dalam keseluruhan tahap perkembangan manusia. Tahap pendidikan anak usia dini, siswa akan cenderung lebih tertarik dengan permainan yang mudah dimainkan dan di dalamnya terdapat warna-warna cerah serta gambar animasi yang menarik perhatian. Dan dalam tahap ini siswa akan lebih mudah mengingat suatu bentuk atau tulisan yang memiliki ciri warna, gambar, suara yang menarik dan bentuk yang komunikatif dan menyenangkan. Perancangan game interaktif berbasis web diharapkan membuat anak lebih akrab dengan dunia teknologi dan mendapatkan bermacam-macam game interaktif yang lebih banyak sehingga anak tidak cepat bosan bermain sambil belajar dari bermacam-macam game interaktif yang tersedia di dalamnya, sehingga dapat merangsang anak untuk mengetahui lebih jauh lagi dan menjadi lebih tekun serta terpacu untuk belajar berkonsentrasi.
KLASIFIKASI POLA SIDIK JARI MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN BACKPROPAGATION UNTUK ANALISA KARAKTERISTIK SESEORANG
Authors: Setiawan Ahmad Fahrudi , Agung Alam Katon
Published: March 2018

Dewasa ini, banyak bidang ilmu dan penelitian yang telah mengkaji tentang keterkaitan karakteristik seseorang berdasarkan pola sidik jari yang dimilikinya. Pola sidik jari tersebut bersifat unik antara satu sama lain, namun pada dasarnya pola sidik jari dikelompokkan kedalam tiga pola yaitu arch, loop, dan whorl. Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat aplikasi yang mampu mengenali citra tiga pola sidik jari tersebut untuk keperluan analisa karakteristik anak usia dini. Untuk mengenali citra tiga pola sidik jari tersebut, penulis menggunakan metode jaringan syaraf tiruan backpropagation sebagai sistem yang dapat mengklasifikasi pola-pola sidik jari yang diberikan. Model jaringan syaraf tiruan yang penulis buat yaitu, memiliki 25600 unit pada input layer, 160 unit pada hiden layer, dan 3 unit pada layer output. Citra sidik jari yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 70 citra pelatihan, dan 30 citra pengujian yang diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 kelas sidik jari yaitu arch, loop, dan whorl. Model jaringan syaraf ini mampu melakukan pengenalan terhadap citra pengujian dengan akurasi 83%.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DALAM MENENTUKAN BEASISWA BERPRESTASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY (STUDI KASUS: INSTANSI XYZ)
Authors: Wibowo Dimas Wahyu , Amalia Eka Larasati
Published: March 2018

Beasiswa adalah bantuan keuangan yang diberikan kepada perorangan untuk keberlangsungan pendidikan yang ditempuh. Penentuan penerima beasiswa yang dilakukan Instansi XYZ saat ini masih bersifat manual. Hal ini tentu memerlukan waktu yang lama dan tingkat akurasi yang rendah. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ini mampu membantu memudahkan dalam menentukan mahasiswa yang layak mendapatkan beasiswa secara tepat dan cepat. Penggunaan metode Fuzzy dalam sistem pendukung keputusan dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pembobotan pada setiap kriteria yang dijadikan dasar dalam penentuan penerimaan beasiswa.
SISTEM APLIKASI PENGOLAHAN NILAI RAPORT SDN TANJUNGANOM 2 KECAMATAN TANJUNGANOM NGANJUK
Authors: Sari Hesty Puspita , Muhartini Retno
Published: March 2018

Dalam pengolahan nilai raport di SDN Tanjunganom 2 Nganjuk saat ini masih bersifat manual, sehingga banyak waktu dan tenaga diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan tugas tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan aplikasi pengolahan nilai bersifat komputerisasi. Upaya dalam pengolahan data dan informasi akan berhasil dengan perubahan yang lebih baik pada sistem yang ada (Microsot Excel). Aplikasi pengolahan nilai raport SDN Tanjunganom 2 Kecamatan Tanjunganom Kabupaten Nganjuk adalah aplikasi yang menangani pengolahan nilai raport K13 yang memiliki banya komponen mata pelajaran yang didapatkan para siswa SDN Tanjunganom 2. Pengolahan nilai ini meliputi penilaian spiritual, sosial, pengetahuan per Kompetenesi dasar dan Ketrampilan perkompetensi Dasar, termasuk juga ekstrakulikuler siswa, kepribadian danketidakhadiran siswa. Dalam aplikasi ini juga terdapat pendataan yang diperlukan dalam pengolahan nilai yaitu pendataan siswa, guru, mata pelajaran, kelas dan ekstakulikuler. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan Microsoft excel.
PENAMBAHAN JUS DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle Linn) PADA RANSUM AYAM PETELUR TERHADAP PENURUNAN KOLESTEROL TELUR
Authors: Khoirul Ahmad , Lubis Edya Moelia
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the volume increase in betel leaf juice ration of laying hens egg cholesterol reduction. This study uses layer laying hens period of 250 heads aged 50 weeks from Isa Brown strain. The method used is an experimental method that consists of five treatments and five repetitions, and each repeat consists of 10 of chicken with P0 treatment (basal feed), P1 (basal feed + 5 ml juice of betel leaves), P2 (basal feed + 7.5 ml juice of betel leaves), P3 (basal feed + 10 ml juice of betel leaves), and P4 (basal feed + 12.5 ml juice of betel leaves). Data using analysis with Analysis of Varience (ANOVA) if significant level using by Duncan test. The results showed that addition of betel leaf juice in the diet of laying chickens highly significant effect (P <0.01) to decrease cholesterol eggs with the best volume is 12.5 ml (P4) as shown by the higher volume of betel leaf juice added to feed laying hens is the higher the tendency of decrease cholesterol eggs. Recommended the addition of juice of betel leaves effectively using 12.5 ml in volume decrease cholesterol eggs.Keywords: juice of betel leaf, laying hens and egg cholesterol.
An Overview of Facial and Head and Neck Trauma at Patan Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Namita , Dangol Bhawana , Devkota Ishwor Raj , Nepal Ajit , Yadav Deepak , Bhandary Sangeeta
Published: March 2018

Objective: To find out the prevalence of various types of head and neck trauma.Material and Methods: This retrospective study was done in the department of ENT and HNS, Patan Hospital, PAHS. Charts were retrospectively reviewed for total 61 inpatients with a diagnosis suggestive of head and neck trauma from August 2013 to January 2015. Data was collected for  age, sex, address, type of admission (emergency/OPD), mechanism of injury, site of injury , imaging including X-rays/CT scan wherever applicable and results, surgical therapy, type of anesthesia, hospital admission duration, complications, and follow-up and analyzed.Result: Males were common than females (62.3% vs. 37.7%).  Fall was the most common mode of injury (100%) in both pediatric and elderly population and in adults RTA (42.10%) was the most common mode. In the type of injury most common in pediatrics was oral cavity and oropharyngeal injury (47.60%), in adults facial soft tissue injury (STI) and facial fractures (42.10%) were equally common and in geriatrics  it was (100%).Conclusion: Adult males were prone to head and neck trauma mostly sustaining soft tissue injury (STI)  and fractures due to RTA and physical assult. Injury to oral cavity and oropharynx and STI due to fall is common in extreme of ages. Though the management out comes were good and no grave complications were reported in this study.Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015
Critique of Calculation: Labour, Productivity, Limits, and Love in Lars von Trier’s Dogville
Authors: Lema Habash Nicolas
Published: March 2018

Abstract: I argue in this article that Lars von Trier’s Dogville (2003) is a film that prolongs a philosophical tradition of critique of reification. Making use of Marx and Lukács’s work, I highlight the concept of calculation for analyzing the story of the protagonist, Grace, as a tale of exploitation based on mechanisms of labour exchange. My aim, however, is not only to describe this process in terms of Dogville’s storyline, but to ontologically characterize the cinematographic language and devices of the film as a visual allegory of the problem of calculation in contemporary capitalism. By making transparent the “limits” of everything (Dogville’s architecture, the exchange rates in Grace’s labour-power, and the limits of the film’s diegesis, for instance), von Trier creates in Dogville what I call “calculative cinema.” Following the Kantian notion of “critique,” I propose that Dogville explores the limits of the mechanisms of calculation in cinematic terms.
Love, Desi Style: Arranged Marriage and Transnational Mobility in Mira Nair’s The Namesake
Authors: Richards Rashna Wadia
Published: March 2018

Abstract: In Indian diasporic cinema, arranged marriage is typically represented as a repressive system that makes women victims of an uncompromising heteropatriarchy. Mira Nair’s The Namesake (2006), however, reimagines the relationship between love and arranged marriage for Indian diasporic subjects. By adopting the framework of transnationalism, Nair’s film creates a dynamic dialogue between convention and contemporaneity, home and away. More specifically, it revises the role of the immigrant wife by giving her equal access to transnational mobility. Nair thus transforms the diasporic conjugal relationship into a desi hybrid, an arranged-love marriage, shaped by mobility and fluidity.
Hydrothermal synthesis of superparamagnetic zinc–nickel ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Luong Anh T. Q. , Nguyen Dan V.
Published: March 2018

Zn0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared in a three-step synthesis involving the co-precipitation of metal nano-hydroxide, coating the metal nano-hydroxide with oleic acid, and hydrothermal treatment (ferritization). The nanoparticles were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. All samples heated at temperatures from 140 °C to 180 °C were crystalline Zn0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 with particle sizes ranging from 5–8 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometry results indicated that the coercive force and remanence of the samples were close to zero, and the saturation magnetization values were high (14.20–27.12 emu · g−1).
Three-Dimensional Measurement Applied in Design Eye Point of Aircraft Cockpits
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Guo Xiaochao , Liu Qingfeng , Xiao Huajun , Bai Yu
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION: Inappropriate design eye point (DEP) will lead to nonstandard sitting postures, including nonneutral head positions and other uncomfortable sitting postures, which are high risk factors for neck pain in fighter pilots exposed to high G forces. Therefore, application
of a 3D measurement method to collect data regarding eye position while in the cruising sitting posture in the aircraft cockpit to guide the design eye point has been proposed.METHODS: A total of 304 male fixed wing aircraft pilots were divided into two groups. Subgroup A (N = 48)
were studied to define the cruising posture during flight. Subgroup B (N = 256) were studied with Romer 3D measurement equipment to locate the cruising eye position of the pilots in a simulated cockpit. The 3D data were compared to DEP data in the current standard cockpit.RESULTS:
According to 3D measurement, the vertical distance from the cruising eye point to the neutral seat reference point was 759 mm, which is 36 mm lower than that of the Chinese standard DEP and also lower than the U.S. military standard. The horizontal distance was 131 mm, which is 24 mm shorter
than that of the Chinese standard.CONCLUSIONS: The current DEP data cannot fulfill the needs of fighter pilots and should be amended according to the results of the 3D measurement so that pilots can acquire the optimal cruising posture in flight. This new method has the value of
practical application to investigate cockpit ergonomics and the measurement data can guide DEP design.Wang Y, Guo X, Liu Q, Xiao H, Bai Y. Three-dimensional measurement applied in design eye point of aircraft cockpits. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(4):371–376.
Enhanced Dispersion and Removal of Ammonia Emitted from a Poultry House with a Vegetative Environmental Buffer
Authors: Ro Kyoung , Li Hong , Hapeman Cathleen , Harper Lowry , Flesch Thomas , Downey Peter , McConnell Laura , Torrents Alba , Yao Qi
Published: March 2018

Vegetative environmental buffers (VEBs), which are composed of tolerant trees, shrubs, and tall grasses, can be used to control and reduce the transport of ammonia (NH3) emissions from animal feeding operations (AFOs). However, the effectiveness of VEBs has not been quantitated. In this study, we measure the dispersion and removal of NH3 in simulated emissions from a small broiler house that was equipped with a VEB. The dispersion enhancement due to the VEB was estimated by comparing the measured downwind concentration of the co-released tracer gas, methane (CH4), to the theoretical CH4 concentrations at the same distance downwind without the VEB. The accuracy of the theoretical downwind concentrations calculated using the forward Lagrangian stochastic (fLS) technique was 95%, which was validated by comparing the measured and calculated CH4 concentrations in a separate experiment without the VEB. The VEB enhanced the dispersion of CH4 and reduced the downwind concentration to 63% of the theoretical concentration. In addition to dispersion, the VEB removed another 22% of the NH3, resulting in a net 51% decrease of the theoretical downwind concentration. These results clearly demonstrated that the VEB was effective both in dispersing and removing NH3 emitted from the broiler house.
Avoiding Extremes: Benefits of Staying below +1.5 °C Compared to +2.0 °C and +3.0 °C Global Warming
Authors: Teichmann Claas , Bülow Katharina , Otto Juliane , Pfeifer Susanne , Rechid Diana , Sieck Kevin , Jacob Daniela
Published: March 2018

The need to restrict global mean temperature to avoid irreversible climate change is supported by scientific evidence. The need became political practice at the Conference of the Parties in 2015, where the participants decided to limit global warming to not more than +2.0 °C compared to pre-industrial times and to rather aim for a limit of +1.5 °C global warming. Nevertheless, a clear picture of what European climate would look like under +1.5 °C, +2.0 °C and +3.0 °C global warming level (GWL) is still missing. In this study, we will fill this gap by assessing selected climate indices related to temperature and precipitation extremes, based on state of the art regional climate information for Europe taken from the European branch of the World Climate Research Program Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (EURO-CORDEX) ensemble. To assess the impact of these indices under climate change, we investigate the spatial extent of the area of the climate change signal in relation to the affected population. This allows us to demonstrate which climate extremes could be avoided when global warming is kept well below +2.0 °C or even +1.5 °C compared to higher GWLs. The European north–south gradient of tropical nights and hot days is projected to be intensified with an increasing global warming level. For precipitation-related indices, an overall increase in precipitation extremes is simulated, especially under +3.0 °C GWL, for mid- and northern Europe, whereas an increase in dry days is projected for many regions in southern Europe. The benefit of staying below +1.5 °C GWL compared to +2.0 °C GWL is the avoidance of an additional increase in tropical nights and hot days parallel to an increase in dry days in parts of southern Europe as well as an increase in heavy precipitation in parts of Scandinavia. Compared to +3.0 °C GWL, the benefit of staying at +1.5 °C GWL is to avoid a substantial increase (i.e., an increase of more than five dry days and ten tropical nights) in dry days and tropical nights in southern European regions, while, in several European regions and especially in northern Europe, a substantial increase (i.e., more than two heavy precipitation days) in heavy precipitation days could be avoided. This study shows that a statistically significant change in the investigated climate indices can be avoided under +1.5 °C GWL compared to the investigated higher GWLs +2.0 °C and +3.0 °C for the majority of the population in almost all regions. Future studies will investigate compound events where the severity of single extreme events is intensified.
Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors for Pesticide Detection
Authors: Bucur Bogdan , Munteanu Florentina-Daniela , Marty Jean-Louis , Vasilescu Alina
Published: March 2018

The intensive use of toxic and remanent pesticides in agriculture has prompted research into novel performant, yet cost-effective and fast analytical tools to control the pesticide residue levels in the environment and food. In this context, biosensors based on enzyme inhibition have been proposed as adequate analytical devices with the added advantage of using the toxicity of pesticides for detection purposes, being more “biologically relevant” than standard chromatographic methods. This review proposes an overview of recent advances in the development of biosensors exploiting the inhibition of cholinesterases, photosynthetic system II, alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome P450A1, peroxidase, tyrosinase, laccase, urease, and aldehyde dehydrogenase. While various strategies have been employed to detect pesticides from different classes (organophosphates, carbamates, dithiocarbamates, triazines, phenylureas, diazines, or phenols), the number of practical applications and the variety of environmental and food samples tested remains limited. Recent advances focus on enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity by using nanomaterials in the sensor assembly and novel mutant enzymes in array-type sensor formats in combination with chemometric methods for data analysis. The progress in the development of solar cells enriched the possibilities for efficient wiring of photosynthetic enzymes on different surfaces, opening new avenues for development of biosensors for photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides.
Connexin 43 Controls the Astrocyte Immunoregulatory Phenotype
Authors: Boulay Anne-Cécile , Gilbert Alice , Oliveira Moreira Vanessa , Blugeon Corinne , Perrin Sandrine , Pouch Juliette , Le Crom Stéphane , Ducos Bertrand , Cohen-Salmon Martine
Published: March 2018

Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells of the central nervous system and have recently been recognized as crucial in the regulation of brain immunity. In most neuropathological conditions, astrocytes are prone to a radical phenotypical change called reactivity, which plays a key role in astrocyte contribution to neuroinflammation. However, how astrocytes regulate brain immunity in healthy conditions is an understudied question. One of the astroglial molecule involved in these regulations might be Connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein highly enriched in astrocyte perivascular endfeet-terminated processes forming the glia limitans. Indeed, Cx43 deletion in astrocytes (Cx43KO) promotes a continuous immune recruitment and an autoimmune response against an astrocyte protein, without inducing any brain lesion. To investigate the molecular basis of this unique immune response, we characterized the polysomal transcriptome of hippocampal astrocytes deleted for Cx43. Our results demonstrate that, in the absence of Cx43, astrocytes adopt an atypical reactive status with no change in most canonical astrogliosis markers, but with an upregulation of molecules promoting immune recruitment, complement activation as well as anti-inflammatory processes. Intriguingly, while several of these upregulated transcriptional events suggested an activation of the γ-interferon pathway, no increase in this cytokine or activation of related signaling pathways were found in Cx43KO. Finally, deletion of astroglial Cx43 was associated with the upregulation of several angiogenic factors, consistent with an increase in microvascular density in Cx43KO brains. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that Cx43 controls immunoregulatory and angiogenic properties of astrocytes.
Challenges in Governing the Digital Transportation Ecosystem in Jakarta: A Research Direction in Smart City Frameworks
Authors: Mukti Iqbal , Prambudia Yudha
Published: March 2018

Mobility is one of the most difficult domains of the smart city to face. In fact, most large cities in the world are still facing urban mobility problems, especially traffic congestion. Particularly, in Jakarta, Indonesia, traffic congestion is a major issue that negatively affects productivity and the overall living quality of the citizens. Along with the development of the information communication and technology (ICT), the transportation domain in Jakarta has formed a digital transportation ecosystem, shown by the emergence of innovative digital-based transportation services. In line with this current condition, this paper hopes to contribute to the improvement of urban traffic in Jakarta by proposing research directions to govern the digital transportation ecosystem within a smart city framework. The significance of the research directions is reviewed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology in a systematic review of previous studies. Ultimately, the research directions proposed in this paper lead to the necessity for an architectural perspective and relevant big data analytical tools to improve the digital transportation ecosystem in Jakarta.
Comparative Study of the Corrosion Resistance of Air-Plasma-Sprayed Ca2SiO4 and Al2O3 Coatings in Salt Water
Authors: Xiao Yuan , Shao Fang , Zhuang Yin , Ni Jinxing , Zhao Huayu , Tao Shunyan
Published: March 2018

In this study, Ca2SiO4 coating was sprayed on stainless steel substrate and the corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed coating was studied in salt water. At the same time, Al2O3 coatings were produced by air-plasma-sprayed technology as comparison. Immersion test was carried out to evaluate the protection performance of coatings. Potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) plots were also analyzed. The results indicated that Ca2SiO4 coatings showed a better protection performance than Al2O3 coatings. During the immersion, various calcium carbonate crystals appeared on the surface of Ca2SiO4 coatings. Ca(OH)2 was released from Ca2SiO4 coatings into NaCl aqueous solution, increasing the alkalinity, which is in favor of the formation of passivation film, and thus improves the corrosion resistance. Ca2SiO4 coatings became denser after immersion due to the fact that the pores and micro cracks were filled with hydration products i.e., hydrated calcium silicate (C–S–H) gel. On the contrary, the microstructure of Al2O3 coatings became loose and obvious rusty spots were observed on the surface after the immersion test.
Genotyping by Sequencing Reasserts the Close Relationship between Tef and Its Putative Wild Eragrostis Progenitors
Authors: Girma Dejene , Cannarozzi Gina , Weichert Annett , Tadele Zerihun
Published: March 2018

The genus Eragrostis consists of 350 species, including tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter), the only cultivated species in this genus. Very little is known about the genetic potential of these species for tef improvement and genomics research. Here, we investigated a germplasm panel consisting of 40 Eragrostis species and 42 tef lines with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated using the genotyping by sequencing (GBS) protocol. Thousands of SNPs were identified genome-wide from the germplasm panel. High-quality SNPs were used to assess sequence similarity and/or divergence, genetic diversity, population structure, and phylogenetic relationships. Mapping individual reads to the tef reference genome revealed that of the 40 wild Eragrostis species included in this study, E. pilosa, E. aethiopica, E. obtusa, E. ferruginea, E. lugens, and E. lehmanniana had 92% of their sequences represented in the tef reference genome. In the maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis, these wild species clearly showed grouping in the clade consisting of the entire tef germplasm. Population structure analysis showed two major clusters consistent with the germplasm class information and the inferred phylogenetic relationships. The wild Eragrostis species were more diverse than the tef cultivars and could therefore potentially be used to enrich the tef gene pool. The SNP dataset and the results documented here are taxonomically the most inclusive to date and could be a useful informational tool for the design of genomics-informed tef breeding and research.
Research on the Inductance/Capacitance Switch Model for an LCC-HVDC Converter in an AC/DC Hybrid Grid
Authors: He Yangyang , Zheng Xiaodong , Tai Nengling , Hou Junxian , Huang Wentao
Published: March 2018

In order to improve the simulation speed of the AC/DC hybrid grid, the inductance/capacitance (L/C) switch model for line-commutated converter of high-voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) is presented in this study. The time domain modeling method is used to analyze the circuit of L/C switch model for the six-pulse system in LCC-HVDC in a switching period. A parameter setting method of L/C switch model is proposed considering the transient response, the steady state performance, switching losses and simulation error of the switch. The inductance/capacitance (L/C) switch model for LCC-HVDC has the advantage of keeping the admittance matrix unchanged regardless of the change of switching state, which improves the simulation efficiency. Finally, the validity of the parameter setting method is verified. Compared with the test results of PSCAD/EMTDC, the accuracy of the proposed LCC-HVDC simulation model is proved. The model is suitable for real-time or offline simulation of AC/DC hybrid grid.
Thermogravimetric, Devolatilization Rate, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analyses of Biomass of Tropical Plantation Species of Costa Rica Torrefied at Different Temperatures and Times
Authors: Gaitán-Álvarez Johanna , Moya Róger , Puente-Urbina Allen , Rodriguez-Zúñiga Ana
Published: March 2018

We evaluated the thermogravimetric and devolatilization rates of hemicellulose and cellulose, and the calorimetric behavior of the torrefied biomass, of five tropical woody species (Cupressus lusitanica, Dipteryx panamensis, Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis and Vochysia ferruginea), at three temperatures (TT) and three torrefaction times (tT) using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Through a multivariate analysis of principal components (MAPC), the most appropriate torrefaction conditions for the different types of woody biomass were identified. The thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG) analysis showed that a higher percentage of the hemicellulose component of the biomass degrades, followed by cellulose, so that the hemicellulose energy of activation (Ea) was less than that of cellulose. With an increase in TT and tT, the Ea for hemicellulose decreased but increased for cellulose. The calorimetric analyses showed that hemicellulose is the least stable component in the torrefied biomass under severe torrefaction conditions, and cellulose is more thermally stable in torrefied biomass. From the MAPC results, the best torrefaction conditions for calorimetric analyses were at 200 and 225 °C after 8, 10, and 12 min, for light and middle torrefaction, respectively, for the five woody species.