bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concours scolaires Ar Falz entre 1955 et 1965, un outil pédagogique pour pallier les insuffisances de la loi Deixonne ?
Authors: Berthou Maryvonne
Published: July 2024

La loi Deixonne votée en 1951 dispose que tout instituteur qui en fera la demande pourra être autorisé à consacrer, chaque semaine, une heure d’activités dirigées à l’enseignement du breton.Les dirigeants de l’association Ar Falz, dont Armand Keravel, se sont fortement mobilisés pour pouvoir enseigner le breton à l’école en respectant ce cadre législatif et ont ainsi organisé des concours scolaires à partir de l’année 1952. Nous allons dans un premier temps décrire rapidement ces concours scolaires. Dans un second temps, nous allons présenter certaines rédactions et les analyser. Nous avons pu rencontrer certains anciens élèves, ces entretiens permettent de préciser dans quelles conditions ont été réalisés ces concours et quelle était la relation qu’entretenaient ces enfants avec la langue bretonne. Plusieurs questionnements émergeront et nous amèneront à poser cette question : le début de l’enseignement du breton à l’école primaire n’a-t-il pas pris vingt de retard au regard de la situation sociolinguistique de la Basse-Bretagne ?
Fixeurs des luttes climatiques. Altérité, altruisme, alternatives
Authors: Pène Sophie
Published: July 2024

Les fixeurs sont des guides qui aident les informateurs en terrain risqué. Par analogie, les fixeurs sont ici les entrepreneurs activistes qui cherchent un impact pour enrayer le dérèglement climatique. Ils créent des organisations en réseaux caractérisées par des modes de décision consensuelle, des alliances transnationales et un art des campagnes de mobilisation. Deux organisations sont principalement observées, makesense et la Fabrique de l’époque. L’analyse tend à démontrer que l’on peut qualifier ces entités d’alter-organisations, alter s’entendant avec les connotations d’alternative, d’altermondialisme, et d’altérité, au sens de la reconnaissance des pensées autres, y compris antagonistes.
Entreprise et quête de sens : vers une alter-culture organisationnelle
Authors: Gherardi Lorrys
Published: July 2024

Nous proposons dans cet article de contribuer à la réflexion portant sur l’alter dans les organisations, en usant de la stratégie de marque employeur comme révélateur et contributeur des mutations alternatives de la culture d’entreprise. Il s’agira moins d’explorer les impacts externes de cette démarche marketing que de révéler le substrat idéologique ayant nécessité son élaboration et les conséquences internes à l’organisation de son application. Car ce processus, réponse de l’entreprise face aux exigences sociétales croissantes touchant à la quête de sens, générera en retour une révision paradigmatique de la culture d’entreprise, et de ses finalités symboliques.
« Le roi Alexandre étant stratège »
Authors: Lucas Thierry
Published: July 2024

L’inscription IG VII, 3206, connue de longue date, est une consécration faite à Orchomène par des cavaliers béotiens de retour de l’expédition d’Alexandre le Grand. Elle n’a pas fait l’objet de nouvelle édition depuis sa première publication par P. Foucart en 1879. Le présent article vise à proposer sur quelques points de nouvelles lectures, sur la base d’un estampage du texte fait par P. Roesch dans les années 1970. Une étude prosopographique permet de constater, comme cela avait déjà été vu, que les cavaliers ne sont pas tous originaires d’Orchomène, mais plutôt d’une zone géographique plus vaste, concentrée au nord du lac Copaïs. De ce constat est tiré une hypothèse sur la division du koinon béotien en districts dès cette époque : on connaît en effet un texte comparable de Thespies, qui atteste l’envoi d’un second escadron béotien par cette cité. Le reste de la Béotie a pu fournir, sans doute, deux escadrons supplémentaires, soit au total quatre escadrons, l’effectif d’une hipparchie béotienne attesté à l’époque hellénistique. Le texte offre donc un aperçu sur l’état de la Confédération dans la période mal connue située entre la destruction de Thèbes en 335 et la division en sept districts attestée à partir de 287 environ.
Fostering Learner Autonomy and Best Approaches to Implement the Practice
Authors: Batuwatta Saumya , Premarathna C. D. H. M.
Published: July 2024

As per the definition, “The ability to take charge of one’s own learning”, Learner Autonomy (LA) has been a significant theme of interest in second and foreign language learning over the last five decades. Yet this concept is not widely practiced among local learners in the English as a Second Language (ESL) pedagogy. Implementing autonomous learning behaviours benefits the education system, of a country like Sri Lanka, to minimize most obstacles the ESL learners encounter. For a successful implementation of the concept, the contribution of both teachers and students is essential. Therefore, this research aims to identify sixty ESL teachers’ understanding of how much they support in fostering LA, and the best approaches to implement the practice. Using the simple random sampling method, 10% out of 600 English teachers from the Galle zonal division were given a researcher-made questionnaire that included four sections. A 5-point Likert scale was used to measure the collected data, and they were quantitatively analyzed using descriptive statistics. The SPSS version 21 was used, while Cronbach’s alpha determined the reliability of the Likert scale. The questions were composed of identifying the teachers’ understanding upon the LA concept, the teachers’ roles and responsibilities in planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating the class; and how the teachers view their learners’ abilities to take responsibility in planning, implementing, monitoring, and assessing their learning tasks, while suggestions were forwarded to get the teachers’ preferences as the best approaches to foster autonomy among ESL learners. Significantly, 98.3% believe that implementing LA is essential, and the study concluded with the understanding that teachers are willing to cultivate LA if a suitable environment is created.
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Allied Health Sciences undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Defence University in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kithmini J. P. D. , Kaarthiga S. , Perera V. B. J. , Deshapriya H. D. S. , Gamage C. K. W. , Fernando N. F. J.
Published: July 2024

The mental health of university undergraduates is a critical concern globally, with challenges faced by students in unique academic environments. This study was conducted at General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University to assess the prevalence of mental health issues and identify associations with participant characteristics. A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 640 allied health sciences undergraduates was performed. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) was utilized for evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23.0, and associations were explored using Spearman's correlation and Pearson's chi-square tests. Ethical approval was obtained, ensuring participant confidentiality and informed consent. The study revealed mild to extremely severe symptoms of depression (35.1%), anxiety (40.5%), and stress (27.7%) among the participants. Strong positive relationships were identified between depression and anxiety (r=0.707, p=.000), depression and stress (r=0.722, p=.000), and anxiety and stress (r=0.658, p=.000). Significant associations were found between mental health levels and participants currently receiving medical treatments and those with a history of psychological treatments. While one-third of the participants exhibited concerning levels of mental health symptoms, our study indicated comparatively lower rates than did previous research in Sri Lanka. The findings highlight the need to enhance mental health support and accessibility of services for university undergraduates. The study contributes valuable insights for future research and interventions, emphasizing the unique challenges faced by students in a defence university setting.
Towards a Paradigm Shift with Neuro-Entrepreneurship Education: a Lesson for the Developing Asian Nations
Authors: Mithursan A. , Fernando N. T. K. P. , Samaranayake D. I. J. , Maheswaran S.
Published: July 2024

The field of neuro-entrepreneurship explores the specific characteristics that drive entrepreneurs' decisions and contribute to their success. Recent advancements in neuroscience offer a new way to understand how entrepreneurs think and behave. This understanding has led to a shift in entrepreneurial education, with a focus on integrating neuroscientific techniques. However, research in neuro-entrepreneurship is still fragmented, and there is a lack of comprehensive literature reviews. We are presenting a thorough review to address this gap and emphasize the urgent need for developing countries in South and South East Asia to incorporate neuroscientific techniques into entrepreneurial education, starting from the school level. The current entrepreneurial education in Sri Lanka suppresses the innovation and creativity of aspiring entrepreneurs, leading to a high demand for traditional practices. Integrating neuroscientific techniques into entrepreneurial education at all levels can help foster successful and productive entrepreneurs. This also emphasizes how experiments and neuroscientific techniques can improve entrepreneurial theories. This calls for a significant change in entrepreneurship education, aiming to cultivate a comprehensive entrepreneurial mindset in developing Asian nations.
The Concept of ‘Inventiveness of Machines’: How Ready is Patent Law to Afford the Creative Inventiveness of Artificial Intelligence?
Authors: Nissanka Ruwini Uthpala
Published: July 2024

Making science fiction a reality, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative drive in almost every aspect of human life today. With the advancements of modern technology, AI has acquired the ability to think like humans and create inventions that are economically worthwhile. The concept of ‘inventiveness of machines’ has become a focal point in the field of intellectual property law at present. It has compelled the world to reconsider the parameters of patent law in terms of protecting AI inventors and inventions of AI. Simultaneously, the procurement of patents for inventions of AI has posed challenges not only in the legal field but also in ethical and moral aspects. As AI is gradually becoming an undeniable part of human life, every nation will have to adopt the developments of AI technology into their legal systems sooner or later. Taking the prevailing definitions of ‘inventor’ into account, this research mainly discusses whether machine inventors and human inventors be given equal protection of law or whether there should be different dimensions of protection. This paper also discusses the moral and ethical dilemma of granting legal recognition for AI inventors while examining the capability of existing legal framework including Sri Lanka in accommodating the inventiveness of machines. This research was carried out using mixed method approach. Literature review, qualitative and empirical research methodologies and comparative analysis were incorporated to strengthen the study. The paper concludes by highlighting the need of legislative intervention of competent authorities to reconsider the legal parameters to accommodate the possible challenges waiting to be imposed by inventiveness of machine in future. This paper also introduces the concept of ‘collaborative inventiveness of humans and AI’ and suggests recommendations to amend existing laws in a manner that they afford the technological advancements of modern times.
The Impact of Remote Work on Employee Job Satisfaction and Well-Being: A POST-COVID 19 Pandemic Quantitative Study on the Banking Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera G. S. P. , Tilakasiri K. K.
Published: July 2024

Remote work systems have been introduced to the world due to the pandemic by the WHO in 2019. With this new system, the lives of people changed a lot and different industries introduced this differently. The banking industry has encountered obstacles and prompted firms to use remote working methods. The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of remote working on employee Job satisfaction and well-being within the banking industry in Sri Lanka in the post-COVID-19 period. The study uses primary data to answer the research problem from 210 respondents in different banks in the Colombo district in Sri Lanka. The deductive approach was used to investigate the relationship between the variables and the purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the respondents. Survey strategy was used to collect data and collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, employing descriptive Analysis and inferential Statistical techniques to analyze the data and figure out the results of the research study objectives. Data Analysis is divided into five parts to analyze the results obtained. It includes Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, Regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between Infrastructure facilities, Work-life integration, Organisational Support, Organisational Culture, and Leadership with Employee job satisfaction and well-being. The findings of this study are extremely beneficial insights to understanding challenges faced by remote working employees in the banking sector in Sri Lanka and the recommendations that are provided aim to assist employees in overcoming these challenges.
CD39 Is Expressed on Functional Effector and Tissue-resident Memory CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Isaacs Jordan F , Degefu Hanna N , Chen Tiffany , Kleist Sierra A , Musial Shawn C , Ford Myles A , Searles Tyler G , Lin Chun-Chieh , Skorput Alexander G J , Shirai Keisuke , Turk Mary Jo , Zanazzi George J , Rosato Pamela C
Published: July 2024

The ecto-ATPase CD39 is expressed on exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infection and has been proposed as a marker of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in cancer, but the role of CD39 in an effector and memory T cell response has not been clearly defined. We report that CD39 is expressed on Ag-specific CD8+ short-lived effector cells, while it’s co-ectoenzyme, CD73, is found on memory precursor effector cells (MPECs) in vivo. Inhibition of CD39 enzymatic activity during in vitro T cell priming enhances MPEC differentiation in vivo after transfer and infection. The enriched MPEC phenotype is associated with enhanced tissue resident memory T cell (TRM cell) establishment in the brain and salivary gland following an acute intranasal viral infection, suggesting that CD39 ATPase activity plays a role in memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. We also show that CD39 is expressed on human and murine TRM cells across several nonlymphoid tissues and melanoma, whereas CD73 is expressed on both circulating and resident memory subsets in mice. In contrast to exhausted CD39+ T cells in chronic infection, CD39+ TRM cells are fully functional when stimulated ex vivo with cognate Ag, further expanding the identity of CD39 beyond a T cell exhaustion marker.
Glycated Hemoglobin as a Screening Tool in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Patients in a Tertiary Health Facility in Port Harcourt, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Bozimo Gesiye , Nkpozi Marcellinus Okafor , Ugwu Adaeze , Gomba Victoria Eno , Abonyi Chinweuba M. , Unachukwu Chioma
Published: July 2024

Background:

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasing worldwide, especially in Nigeria. However, it remains underdiagnosed in many people with the disease. There is a need for early detection and treatment of the populations that are at risk to prevent or reduce complications. There is a paucity of Nigerian studies documenting the performance of the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test in diagnosing DM. This, therefore, informed our decision to embark on this study.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the role of the HbA1c in the diagnosis of DM at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, in which 400 subjects were evaluated for the presence of glucose intolerance. Two hundred patients with hypertension and 200 nonhypertensives patients were screened for DM. A structured questionnaire was administered to the recruited subjects, and their blood samples were collected for HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose. The detection of DM using the two different screening tests was determined. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated.

Results:

The mean age of the hypertensive subjects was 48 ± 10 years, whereas that of the nonhypertensive subjects was 46 ± 10 years. The frequency of diabetes in the study population by the HbA1c was 7.8%, whereas it was 25.3% by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (P < 0.001). The frequency of prediabetes was 25.3% by the HbA1c as compared to 20.5% by the OGTT (P < 0.001). The sensitivity of the HbA1c test for the diagnosis of diabetes was 62.5%, whereas the specificity was 99.7%.

Conclusions:

This study shows that there was a significant difference in the diagnostic performance of the HbA1c test compared to the OGTT; HbA1c test was less accurate and more likely to miss some diagnoses.
Efficacy of Bovine-derived Xenograft and Minimally Invasive Surgical Technique in the Treatment of Human Periodontal Intrabony Defects - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Thakur Shambhavi , Martande Santosh , Ankit Kumar , Swathi P. V. , Gopalakrishnan Dharmarajan , Kulloli Anita , Shetty Sharath , Suryawanshi Krishna , Banerjee Aditya
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive surgical technique (MIST) with the use of bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) in the treatment of intrabony defects.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search using PUBMED, Google Scholar, Google, Clinical Trials Registry, and Web of Science and manual search using Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College library resources was conducted. Randomized controlled trials and case cohorts were included in this study. Case reports, reviews, and in vitro studies were excluded from the study. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess differences in clinical parameters (pocket probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession) between MIST and MIST with BDX.

Results:

Both MIST alone and with xenograft showed statistically significant improvements in all the clinical and radiographic parameters. However, MIST alone showed marginally better improvement as compared to MIST with xenograft.

Conclusions:

MIST with or without BDX improves clinical, radiographic, and patient-related outcomes for treating intrabony defects. The improvement in the outcomes of MIST alone is found to be comparatively similar when used along with BDX suggesting that the benefits of MIST are not improved by xenograft.
Conformity of Package Inserts Information to Regulatory Requirements
Authors: Deepika Gundavarapu Krishna , Lella Meenakshi , Sankar Kurli
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Accurate and reliable information regarding drugs is essential for safe and effective use of drugs. It is not possible for the clinician to refer research articles every time for complete updates. In such situations, package inserts (PIs) form an authentic information for the doctor and patient. The study was intended to assess the information completeness and precision of PIs using the criteria laid down by, sections 6.2 and 6.3 of Schedule D (II), Schedule Y of Drugs and Cosmetic Act (1940) and Rules (1945).

Materials and Methods:

PIs of different formulations were collected from various departments, and also local and regional chemists. The information adequacy was done by 25 checklist proposed by the Indian Drug and Cosmetic Act (1940) and Rules, 1945 under sections 6.2 and 6.3 of Schedule D and Schedule Y. A score of “1” was given, if information was present, and “0” if there was no information. Information adequacy scores also calculated.

Results:

A total of 207 PIs were analyzed. Majority of PIs belong Grade B category of drug information (174). Generic name, composition, posology and method of administration, undesirable effects, contraindications, drug interactions, special precautions, legibility, storage and contraindications during pregnancy and breast feeding were mentioned by nearly all. Gaps were observed in handling instructions, influence on person’s self-driving and machinery operation capabilities, pharmaceutical incompatibilities, shelf life, excipients and Pharmacokinetic and dynamic information not updated regularly.

Conclusion:

The current study shows that there is still inadequacy of particulars regarding drug information. Hence, it is essential to establish proper uniform standards for the currently available PIs. An absolute and flawless PI should provide complete information. This requires continuous and constant effort from manufacturer and regulatory authorities to promote safe and rational use of medicines.
Addressing Health Misinformation: Promoting Accurate and Reliable Information
Authors: Tiwari Surya Kant , Srivastava Saumya Prakash , Rani Bhavna , Chauhan Soni
Published: July 2024

Social media platforms have become valuable tools that can be used to improve professional education, patient care and education, promote health habits, and public health programs. In this article, we will explore the phenomenon of health misinformation, its impact on society, and the steps we can take to address and combat it. We will discuss the impact of health-related misinformation on individuals, policymakers, health-care professionals, educators, journalists, and technology platforms. In particular, we discuss the role of technology platforms in combating the spread of misinformation. In addition, we highlight the importance of promoting information literacy, engaging trusted messengers, strengthening media practices, enhancing technology’s platforms’ role, fostering research efforts, encouraging public–private partnerships, empowering health-care professionals, prioritizing health education, and raising public awareness.
Podobje v slovenski taboriščni in zaporniški poeziji
Authors: Kočnik Neža
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes poetic imagery in a representative sample of Slovenian internment camp and prison poetry. It focuses on motifs or images related to nature. In addition to images of plants and animals, it also analyzes representations of nonliving nature, and it presents all of them using concrete examples from the selected poems.
Literarna reprezentacija spomina v dveh sodobnih slovenskih romanih
Authors: Rakovec Ana
Published: July 2024

This article explores the literary representation of memory and remembrance processes in the contem­porary Slovenian novels V Elvisovi sobi (In Elvis’s Room, 2019) by Sebastijan Pregelj and Kruh, prah (Bread, Dust; 2018) by Marko Sosič. What both novels have in common is the motif of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s, which they convey through the literary memory of recent past by (dis)continuously stringing together amorphic cores of memory, which meet at the intersection of individual and collective memory. The first part of the article presents a sociological, historical, and narrative framework as the basis for the narrato­logy and content analysis of the two works conducted in the second part. This is combined with a simultane­ous contextual interpretation of the novels, which focuses on the key difference between the two narratives.
Ukrajinski prevod lastnih imen v mladinski prozi Jane Bauer
Authors: Klymets Mariana , Soroka Olha
Published: July 2024

In recent years, Slovenian literature has become more familiar to Ukrainian readers, including children. When translating children’s literature, one challenge for translators is translating names because they are often bright and emotional, contain a certain meaning, and express attributes of the character. Translators have sufficient latitude in searching for the best translation solutions to preserve these characteristics, reveal the semantic layers of the text, and make the text more accessible to the reader. This article analyzes the strategies and methods of translating names in the Ukrainian translation of two books by the Slovenian writer Jana Bauer: Groznovilca v hudi hosti (Scary Fairy in the Wicked Woods) and Groznovilca in divja zima (Scary Fairy and the Wild Winter).
Prevajanje kot sestavni del pouka slovenščine: Litovska izkušnja
Authors: Konickaja Jelena
Published: July 2024

This article deals with translation as an integral part of teaching Slovenian as a foreign language at the University of Vilnius in Lithuania. Different levels of instruction involve translation and the use of students’ native language to varying degrees. For the early or beginner’s level, translation is a necessary part of the lesson because it helps enter a new linguistic reality. The article presents the various functions performed by translation (together with explanations): familiarization with typical Slovenian grammatical categories, discursive phrases, syntactic structures, awareness of differences in the use of common words, and dealing with a different division of the world in language. Translation as a teaching method in Slovenian classes at the University of Vilnius has its own tradition and is based on contrastive grammar.
Podoba meščanov pri Ivanu Tavčarju
Authors: Bjelčevič Aleksander
Published: July 2024

Being disconnected from the natural environment and rural labor, townspeople are mostly presented negatively: as physically weak, with indecent and strutting looks and manners; shallow, inauthentic, unrelia­ble, and adulterous in love; bragging, greedy, impious; and not committed to Slovenian identity. In nearly all cases the narrators of these stories are also participants in the stories (reporting either about themselves or others), and so the question of whether this was also a view that Tavčar himself held deserves consideration.
Vloga bakrorezov v Valvasorjevih knjigah: Od knjižne ilustracije do podobe kot avtonomnega nosilca sporočila
Authors: Germ Martin
Published: July 2024

Based on two of Valvasor’s books, Die Ehre deß Hertzogthums Crain (The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola) and Theatrum mortis humanae tripartitum (The Theater of Human Death in Three Parts), this article presents the various roles of copperplate engravings in relation to the text. Research on Valvasor’s works within the European context shows that the Carniolan polymath followed the perception of the function of art elements in early modern printed works, in which the relationship between a word and an image can be very complex. In The Glory, the copperplate engravings largely play the role of historical or topographic illustrations, where­as in The Theater the combination of text and image formally comes close to a Renaissance emblem. It even turns out that elements that seem to only have an ornamental function at first glance, such as the decorative edges of images, are actually well-devised art creations with an autonomous allegorical message. Alongside plants and animals, which have hidden symbolic meanings, the edges feature miniature compositions of a narrative character, which most often relates to the tradition of Aesop’s fables and early modern emblems.
Analysis of Design Elements for IoT Home Cameras for Single-Person Households in Their 20s and 30s: Focusing on Emotional Evaluation and Design Preferences
Authors: Park Da Hyun , Bae Ye Na ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

As the proportion of single-person households has recently increased, interest in home security products has surged. This study aims to propose design directions for Home Cameras. After conducting a perception survey on design elements derived from shape, color, and material, an emotional evaluation of the product images was performed using the SD method. The research found that in terms of product design, curved and stable designs were sought after, and simplicity was considered an important factor. In terms of color, combinations of two colors were most preferred, and the use of colors that convey a sense of comfort was found to be appropriate. Regarding materials, matte finishes were preferred over glossy ones, and choosing robust, luxurious materials was identified as crucial. Three final home camera design proposals have been presented, and it is hoped that these will serve as foundational data for in-depth analysis studies for future home security product design.
A Study on the Characteristics of Space Experience of Virtual Reality Museum: Based on Embodied Cognition Theory
Authors: Jiang Qian Wen , Joh Eun Ran ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the application of media in virtual reality museums, analyzing the cultural aspects of museums and the cognitive aspects of visitors. The study redefines the concept of the “embodied body” from embodied cognition theory to support virtual reality museum spaces and assess their effectiveness for exhibits. It examines the advantages of digital media and seeks innovations to improve current displays. The findings suggest that enhancing bodily participation and the authenticity of digital twin environments, along with improving temporal dynamics and narrative interactivity, can enhance the correlation between digital media and spatial experience.
A Study on the Impact of VR(Virtual Reality) on Museum Visitors Participation
Authors: Zhao Guo Qing , Kim Sang Ho , Yoon Jae Eun ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

First, a review of current research has found that virtual reality technology can greatly enrich the experience of museum visitors and enhance their participation and interaction. It also provides recommendations for future research in this field. This study constructed a model for evaluating museum user experience to provide important theoretical guidance for the exploration of VR in museum user experiences. By referring to the APEC model framework for user experience, a structural equation model was proposed to evaluate museum user experience based on three variables: emotional experience, cognitive experience, and interactive experience. Seven related hypotheses were analyzed and verified through surveys, revealing that the emotional, cognitive, and interactive experiences of users in VR museums positively impact user experience. Additionally, user experience serves as a mediating variable, showing mediating effects between emotional experience, cognitive experience, interactive experience, and user engagement.
A Study on the Sustainable Eco-friendly Design of Buildings
Authors: Lee Yoon Seo ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

With the increasing emphasis on the eco-friendly paradigm, the sustainability of office buildings has become more important. This study aims to investigate the design characteristics of eco-friendly buildings and explore efficient eco-friendly design solutions by analyzing cases where biomimicry technology has been applied. Buildings are analyzed using a framework consisting of six aspects: technicality, recyclability, ecology, cultural compatibility, healthiness, and social compatibility. As a result, buildings minimize environmental impact through principles such as natural ventilation, insulation, natural lighting, and recycling, showing positive effects on health and social aspects. Notably, the correlation between technicality and healthiness is high, with the indoor environment emerging as the most critical factor. Biomimicry design is expected to be a crucial solution for innovative and competitive eco-friendly building design. Therefore, it is necessary to address economic issues such as initial investment costs to establish non-standard designs emphasizing ecology. This study aims to present a direction for sustainable building design.
Proposal of Interactive Media Art Using AI as Public Art
Authors: O Eun Seok , Kim Moon Seok ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Media art attracts public attention for its newness and differentiation from existing art and media art converged with the latest technology, AI is being presented in public art. This paper proposes interactive media art using AI as public art. Powerful interactions that are more personalized, non-linear, and multidirectional should be delivered through AI. They need to make interactive media art more interesting for citizens to expect and participate in, and provide differentiated experiences through diverse communication and empathy with artworks. When establishing public art policies, a virtuous cycle structure that leads to public participation is proposed by preparing a strategy to promote the work to the public through sharing and co-creation of artworks on SNS. For citizen-centered public art, citizens' needs should be identified through AI data analysis and reflected in policies and creation. Interactive media art using AI as public art should promote citizen participation and communication and advance in the direction of developing a citizen-centered culture.
A study on Public Space in Age-Friendly Communities: focusing on China's urban cases
Authors: Zhang Yi Tong , Min Kyeong Hoon ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

This study examines activity spaces in age-friendly communities in Chinese cities to meet elderly needs and reflect local culture. A case study approach was used, selecting typical communities in various cities. Design features and usage were analyzed through fieldwork, interviews, and literature review. Age-friendly spaces should focus on functionality, safety, social needs, health, and cultural belonging for the elderly. Designing these spaces addresses aging challenges, improves quality of life, and promotes sustainable community development.
A comparative study on Shanghai-Busan tourist souvenirs and urban cultural communication
Authors: Chu FuFeng , Chung Wonjun ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Tourist souvenirs carry rich regional history, culture and cultural heritage, and play an important role in shaping regional cultural brands, inheriting urban culture, and promoting urban innovation and consumption vitality. Shanghai and Busan, as international cities, take tourist souvenirs as an important way to spread urban culture. The purpose of this study is to explore the development path and characteristics of tourist souvenirs under different urban cultural backgrounds, learn from each other to jointly promote the spread of urban culture, and adopt the methods of literature collection and comparative analysis. This paper first investigated the basic cultural characteristics of the two cities, carefully compared the historical integration and modern innovation, through research perfume, straw, folk dance, film festival cases, comparison analyzes the commercialization of Shanghai tourism souvenir, marketization characteristics, busan Marine culture, multicultural characteristics, respect different souvenir design and cultural communication strategy differences, both successfully shaped their city image, improve the city cultural soft power. In the future, the two places can learn from each other to further enrich the cultural connotation of souvenirs and promote the international dissemination of urban culture.
A study on Informativeness and Playfulness on the Perceived Ease of Use and Usefulness: focusing on mediating effect of immersiveness
Authors: Park Yeon Ok ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Recently, companies are using Metaverse as a communication tool with consumers to revitalize marketing. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to determine whether the informativeness of the metaverse mediates immersion and has a positive effect on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and whether the playfulness of the metaverse mediates immersion and has a positive effect on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The goal is to verify whether it has a positive impact. For this purpose, the concepts of variables and previous research were examined, and then a research hypothesis was established. Data collection for hypothesis testing was conducted targeting college students with a high understanding of the metaverse. Statistical analysis used regression analysis proposed by Baron and Kenny. The analysis results are as follows. First, it was verified that the informativeness of the metaverse partially mediates immersion and influences perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Second, it was verified that the playfulness of the metaverse partially mediates immersion and affects perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The above has the academic implications of confirming the relationship between research variables for the academic value and spread of the metaverse and the significance of presenting practical implications for activating corporate marketing using the metaverse.
Proposal of Design Research Methodology Using Generative AI: Centered around the Double Diamond Model
Authors: Lee Yong Hyuck , Nah Ken ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of AI tools like ChatGPT on design methodologies, focusing on the Double Diamond Model. It aims to understand how AI can transform traditional design processes and offer insights into the future of design. Design experts from industry and academia were selected using intentional and snowball sampling. Focus Group Interviews(FGI) and In-Depth Interviews(IDI) were conducted over two weeks. Results were validated through discussions and Denzin's triangulation method. ChatGPT positively influences design thinking, data-driven decision-making, and user experiences. It enhances efficiency and creativity in the design process, leading to innovative changes in the industry. This research lays the foundation for understanding AI's potential impact on design. The integration of AI and design is expected to reshape design methodologies, exemplified by the AI-Driven Double Diamond Model, with broad applications across the industry.
Research on Consumer Preferences in Goods Design Based on the Kano Model: Focused on Dunhuang Goods Design
Authors: Huang Yi Hang , Li Yi Tong , Zhang Yu Hao , Jung Euitay ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Dunhuang goods are a medium for the inheritance and promotion. Cultural consumption has become an important activity to meet the needs of spiritual culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the consumer needs for Dunhuang products using the Kano model, understand the current status of Dunhuang products, and provide optimization directions for product design. Literature and cases are analyzed to form a framework, and the Kano model is used to see the relationship between demand and purchase satisfaction with consumer surveys, and new designs are proposed with the help of generative AI to improve consumers' experience. The research shows that in the design and development of goods, cultural factors should be prioritized while reflecting consumer needs. According to the better-worse coefficient, regional characteristics, cultural codes, and practicality are the requirements that best meet consumer expectations. Through the analysis of the design of Dunhuang goods, this study suggests design directions according to consumer needs and provides scientific basis and reference.
A study on the Characteristics of courtyard design in Suzhou Garden
Authors: Lang Yanfei , Yoon Jae Eun ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

The space of Suzhou classical gardens is rich and varied, and they are often known for being small but large, staggered and fluid. By using the four elements of mountains, water, architecture and plants, and through the design methods of combining the real and the imaginary, poetry and painting into the garden, Suzhou gardens have accomplished the expression and manifestation of the rich cultural connotations of Suzhou gardens, and demonstrated the narrative space of the gardens in the scenes of the literati's life, realising the multifarious expression of the space of historical memories and the spirit of the scenes, and providing rich design ideas and examples for the contemporary architectural and landscape design.
Research on Elderly Group Social Space Design Demand Satisfaction Survey Based on Territoriality: with the Environment of Facilities of Elderly Nursing Institutions in Xiamen Area as the Center
Authors: Li Yi , Yoon Jae-Eun ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the old-age dependency ratio and the aging degree in China have intensified. This paper aims to conduct correlation analysis and interpretation of the social space territoriality and its territory demand characteristics of the elderly group in target facilities in Xiamen, China, through the method of design demand satisfaction questionnaire survey, so as to explore the effect. Through the results of importance and IPA analysis, the satisfaction degree of the elderly group to the facility social space design is evaluated, and the design improvement direction that meets the social space territory demands of the elderly group is put forward. The survey results reflect that there is shortage in the satisfaction degree of social space and its territory demand in target facilities, and the physical environment planning of the facilities needs to be subject to territory demand adjustment.
An Analysis of Nature-Friendly Elements of Cafe Space Design
Authors: Yi Yu Jin , Moon Jeong Min ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Modern people tend to seek emotional stability by introducing natural elements such as plants into living spaces to escape from the stuffy environment of the city. In particular, the cafe space is a place that people can easily access in their daily lives, and various cases in which nature-friendly elements are applied can be found. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the introduction and status of nature-friendly elements in the cafe space, and analyzed nature-friendly elements based on the criteria derived through prior research targeting 12 cafes with a nature-friendly concept. As a result of the study, nature-friendly elements with decorative and aesthetic effects were introduced in most cafe spaces. These elements were mainly expressed directly in structural elements and furniture elements using natural materials and colors, and plants were also used directly. The introduction of nature-friendly elements is expanding in scale with the changes of the times, and the application methods are also diversifying. In the future, it is expected that nature-friendly elements will be strategically applied to the design in various spaces to provide satisfaction to users.
Demand Analysis of CPTED in Coastal Areas using KANO Model: Around Mipo Village in Busan Metropolitan City
Authors: JING YAXIN , YANG JUN , Cho Joung hyung ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

Although the overall crime rate in South Korea has been showing a declining trend recently, the total number of crimes remains at a high level. Excluding these metropolitan areas, Busan experiences the highest crime rate. This study focuses on Mipo Village in Haeundae-gu, Busan. Located in the scenic Haeundae area, Mipo Village has a relatively high influx of people from various regions and a correspondingly high probability of crime occurrence. This research aims to establish the KANO model through an investigation of the study area. By analyzing and statistically examining the collected data, the demand and design elements for CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) in Mipo Village will be assessed. Based on this analysis, we intend to derive the relationships within the demand hierarchy for CPTED in the area and propose effective measures to reduce the crime rate in this region.
A study on Proposing a Digital End-to-End Design Direction for IoT-Based Pet Water Dispensers Using the KANO+QFD Model: Focusing on the Needs of Cat Caregivers in the Design of IoT-Based Pet Water Dispensers
Authors: Zhang Sai Nan , Li Yi Fan , Le Mei Le ,   Korea Institute of Design Research Society
Published: July 2024

The pet supplies market is witnessing a gradual expansion, with a particularly notable increase in demand for intelligent IoT-based pet management products. In this context, consumer demands are shifting from mere interest to desires for experiences and emotional engagements. This study aims to address the prevalent issue in the current market where the majority of pet water dispensers focus solely on basic functionalities, neglecting deep user experience design. The research begins by constructing a user journey map to analyze the behavioral paths of users interacting with mobile and IoT water dispensers, thereby deriving user needs. Subsequently, a qualitative analysis based on the Kano model is conducted to determine the priorities of user satisfaction and requirements, and a Quality Function Deployment(QFD) chart is developed to analyze and quantify the importance of design requirements. The findings indicate that the importance weights of water intake statistics design requirements and water quality monitoring feedback design requirements are the highest, becoming key design considerations in the digital end-to-end system design process. Therefore, this study proposes a design direction for the IoT smart drinking system platform through the combined application of the Kano and QFD models, offering guidance on the remote user end system design for IoT pet water dispensers from a user needs perspective.
Independent Fiscal Institutions as a Part of European Traditions
Authors: Serowaniec Maciej
Published: July 2024

Fiscal councils are independent public institutions aiming to promote the sustainability of public finances through various functions, such as assessing budgetary plans and their implementation or preparing budgetary and macroeconomic forecasts. Thus, synthesising the attempts made in the literature to define the concept of independent fiscal institutions, it should be emphasised that by providing an independent, impartial and objective assessment of fiscal policy and performance, they promote sound fiscal decisions and sustainable public finances. Independent fiscal institutions also reduce information asymmetries and promote transparency in public finances, thereby raising the reputation and electoral costs for governments that pursue imprudent policies or breach key commitments. As such, they can support contemporary states in addressing the tendency to increase spending and deficits. To better understand the contemporary factual and normative state of the analysed dissertation topic, it is worth tracing, even in some summary, the process of emergence and the directions of development and evolution of independent fiscal institutions. Although independent fiscal institutions are relatively new bodies in the political architecture of the vast majority of the EU Member States, a small group of countries pioneered the creation of these institutions. It is necessary to trace the systemic solutions that have determined the legal and constitutional status of fiscal institutions in recent decades in order to understand the factors that have led to their reassessment.