bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New data for endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill from North Cyprus: biological activities and chemical composition
Authors: Kunter Imge , Zabib Niloufar , Göger Fatih , Koşar Müberra
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Cancer chemotherapeutic treatments come with many adverse effects. Anticancer studies with natural products have been carried out to minimize these issues. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill against four different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and find new natural candidates for cancer treatment.

Methods

The chemical composition of 70 % aqueous methanol extract (PBM) of P. brevibracteata was analyzed using the LC-MS/MS method. Additionally, the effect of PBM on the proliferation, motility, and oxidative state of four different HCC cell lines of SK-HEP-1, PLC/PRF/5, HuH-7, and Mahlavu have been investigated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), wound healing, and DCFH-DA assays respectively.

Results

Our results identified caffeoylquinic acids and Forsythoside B as the main chemical constituents of the PBM. A significant decrease in cell viability was recorded at certain extract concentrations. The motility of the HCC cell lines was inhibited at different levels when treated with PBM. PBM reduced basal and induced oxidative states in a concentration-dependent manner.

Conclusions

We conclude P. brevibracteata plant extract can be a potential candidate for further studies with the goal of new anticancer chemotherapeutic discovery.
Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy: Corrosion and Biocompatibility Properties
Authors: Montazeri Arash , Ranjbar Hamghavandi Mohammad , Sadat Nezhadfard Mahla , Yeganeh Kari Ali
Published: July 2023

In the present study, optimal conditions for the fabrication of chitosan (CS)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite coatings were evaluated by the pulse electrodeposition (PED) process on Mg–2wt%Zn scaffolds. The size distribution of CS, GO suspension, and CS/GO composite was evaluated using dynamic light scattering. The coatings’ microstructure and morphologies were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The Taguchi statistical method was used to optimize PED parameters, including peak current density (j), duty cycle, and GO nanosheets content (1, 2, and 3 percent by weight [wt%]). Results showed that optimal coatings were produced under the conditions of 2 wt% GO, j = 20 mA/cm2, duty cycle = 0.5, and pH = 5. The process’s time, temperature, and frequency were 20 min, 37°C, and 1,000 Hz. The biocompatibility of coatings was assessed by in vitro test. The results of cell viability and adhesion of MG63 cells on optimal coating are promising for application in bone tissue engineering.
Retro-,' An emerging prefix for future technological development?
Authors: Hubbe Martin A.
Published: July 2023

It is proposed that the prefix “retro” can serve as an irreverent, but timely buzzword for the development of new technology to meet human needs. Society has carried out experiments at a very large scale for the last century or so to meet our collective needs though the use of fossil-based fuels and synthetic materials. Those experiments have seemed successful in the short term, feeding more of us and supplying a lot of us with rising standards of living. But the experiments often have failed us in terms of sustainability. A health crisis, global warming, and resource depletion are urgent problems caused by careless use of fossil fuels and related synthetic organic chemicals. The prefix “retro,” as in “retrotechology,” signals a disciplined return to a reliance on nature-based products, as well as a respect for the beauty, but also the fragile character of our natural environment.
Fractionation of processed spruce wood obtained in the production of ethanol
Authors: Johansson Christian , Lundquist Knut , Theliander Hans
Published: July 2023

Fuel ethanol can be produced from pretreated spruce wood through enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Processed spruce wood samples (acid-catalyzed steam hydrolysis followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation) were fractionated into water-soluble products and residual solids. The dioxane/water soluble portions of the solids were fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction. A substantial portion of the processed wood (20-70 %) was insoluble in both water and dioxane/water. An almost pure lignin fraction, corresponding to about 20 % of the total lignin of the wood, was isolated. Examinations by 1H NMR spectroscopy showed that the processes led to extensive cleavage of arylglycerol b-aryl ethers in the lignin. The lignin content of other fractions could be estimated very roughly by IR spectroscopy. Purified lignin from SO2-catalyzed steam hydrolysis contained approx. 0.2 % sulphur.
Preparation of macroporous TiO2 by starch microspheres template with assistance of supercritical CO2
Authors: Tang Lin-Qi , Ni Wei , Zhao Hong-Ying , Xu Qun , Jiao Jian-Xia
Published: July 2023

In this work a green route is reported to prepare a TiO2 macroporous network using corn starch microspheres flake as a bio-template. The starch microspheres prepared by emulsion technology were used as a template into which precursor tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) was permeated using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a forceful carrier or infiltration media, resulting in the formation of an organic/inorganic hybrid material; then the coated template was gelled and dried during the scCO2-coating and the depressurization processes, followed by removal of the template by calcination at 700°C; finally, TiO2 inverse-opals-like material reversely replicating the starch microspheres template was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen sorption measurements, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the products were the inverse replicas from their templates. The obtained TiO2 inverse opals-like material showed a wide dispersion of pore sizes from mesopores to macropores – a few nanometers to several micrometers –with the BET surface area up to 103 m2/g, and a predominantly anatase crystalline phase. In addition, the wall thickness of the macropores varied with tunable pressure for closed cells or open-cell foams. So this facile and environmentally friendly process for the preparation of high-surface area, thermally-stable, metal-oxide catalysts and supports by a starch microsphere templating approach may have widespread potential applications in catalysis, absorbents, photoelectric materials, and so on.
Affinity of lignin preparations towards genotoxic compounds
Authors: Košíková Božena , Sláviková Elena , Lábaj Juraj
Published: July 2023

The carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chemicals may be modulated by other chemicals, including those prepared by organic synthesis. Considering the several drawbacks of synthetic compounds vis-a-vis the human organism, the lignin biomass component was examined for this purpose. The binding affinity of lignin samples prepared by chemical and biological modification of lignin products derived from chemical wood treatment towards for N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDA) was examined. The protective role of the lignin samples against carcinogenesis was tested on a well-known model carcinogen, N-methyl-N´-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). The observed ability of a series of lignin preparations to reduce alkylation damage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) on hamster cells in vitro could be explained by their affinity to bind N-nitrosoamines. The results indicate that lignin has potential to protect living organisms against damaging effects of different genotoxicants.
Adsorption of different laccases on cellulose and lignin surface
Authors: Saarinen Terhi , Orelma Hannes , Grönqvist Stina , Andberg Martina , Holappa Susanna , Laine Janne
Published: July 2023

The adsorption of Trametes hirsuta and Melanocarpus albomyces laccases on cellulose and lignin model substrates was studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, QCM-D. The laccase-treated surfaces were also analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The laccases were found to adsorb at acidic and neutral pHs on both surfaces. The adsorbed amounts increased rather linearly with the change in dissipation when the lignin or cellulose was treated with T. hirsuta laccase. Higher adsorbed amounts were obtained using M. albomyces laccase. The adsorption of M. albomyces laccase on lignin was strongly dependent on pH. At low pH thin and rigid laccase layers were formed and the amount adsorbed was high, while at high pH the laccase layers formed were dissipative and loose and the amount adsorbed was low. A good correlation between the adsorbed amount of laccase and the surface nitrogen content was found. The adsorption of laccases made the surface structure of the cellulose and lignin substrates more granular.
Chromium (VI) adsorption onto activated kraft lignin produced from alfa grass (Stipa tenacissima)
Authors: Tazrouti Nassima , Amrani Moussa
Published: July 2023

Activated lignin having a surface area of 1023 m2 g-1 has been prepared from sulfate lignin that was treated by 30% H2O2 and carbonized at 300 °C in order to test the chromium (VI) adsorption from aqueous solution. The influence of contact time, pH, initial concentrations of adsorbent and adsorbate, and temperature on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The maximum removal of Cr(VI) was found to be 92.36 % at pH=2 and a contact time of 80 min. Optimal concentration of lignin and Cr(VI) were found to be 3.8 g L-1 and 180 mg L-1, respectively. The adsorption kinetics data fitted well with a pseudo-second-order equation, and the rate of removal of chromium was found to speed up with increasing temperature. Activation energy for the adsorption process was found to be 18.19 kJ mol-1. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were applied to describe the isotherm and isotherm constants for the adsorption of Cr (VI) on lignin. These constants and correlation coefficients of the isotherm models were calculated and compared. Results indicated that Cr (VI) uptake could be described by the Langmuir adsorption model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of Cr (VI) on lignin was 75.75 mg g-1 at 40°C. The dimensionless equilibrium parameter (RL) signified a favorable adsorption of Cr (VI) on lignin and was found to be between 0.0601 and 0.818 (0<RL<1). The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° were calculated, and it was found that the reaction was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. This study indicates that lignin has the potential to become an effective and economical adsorbent for removal Cr (VI) from waste water.
Thermal conductivity of laminated veneer lumbers bonded with various adhesives and impregnated with various chemicals
Authors: Uysal Burhanettin , Kurt Şeref , Özcan Cemal
Published: July 2023

Desmodur VTKA and Urea formaldehyde) on wooden materials (Scotch pine and oriental beech) cut tangentially and radially impregnated with Tanalith-C, creosote, and sodium silicate in layer (3, 4, 5) of laminated veneer lumber (LVLs) on thermal conductivity. The lowest thermal conductivity of 0.103 Kcal/mh°C was obtained in Scotch pine, cut tangentially, impregnated with creosote, bonded with urea formaldehyde, and 3 layer LVL. The highest thermal conductivity of 0.185 Kcal/mh°C was obtained in oriental beech, cut radially, impregnated with Tanalith-C, bonded with PVAc, and 5 layers LVL. Consequently, oriental beech wood cut radially and impregnated with Tanalith-C, bonded with PVAc adhesive and 5 layers in LVL can be used as a material in construction where the thermal conductivity is required. Scotch pine wood cut tangentially and impregnated with creosote, bonded with urea formaldehyde adhesive and 3 layers in LVL can be used as a material in construction where the insulation is required.
Nationalism approaches: review and practices of nationalism
Authors: Çinar Selin
Published: July 2023

By definition, it expresses the dependence of the people and individuals belonging to the nation state on the state to which they identify. Nation and state are understandable together. In this context, nationalism can be expressed. In the 18th century, the nationalism movement that emerged after the French Revolution brought many theories with it. Some of these theories come to the scientific approach such as the instrumentalist approach to the theory of nationalism through Marxist thought, primordialism nationalism theory and instrumental approaches. So, in this research paper has shown that emphasizes the three movements of approaches nationalism approaches unbiased way.
The convoluted conduit-striated duct adenoma
Authors: Bajaj Anubha
Published: July 2023

Striated duct adenoma is an exceptionally encountered, benign salivary gland neoplasm. Tumefaction is constituted of ductal articulations coated with mono-layered epithelial cells and a cytological resemblance to normal striated ducts. Striated duct adenoma may recapitulates normal configuration of salivary ducts. Striated duct adenoma was initially scripted by Dardick wherein the neoplasm was designated as ‘ductal adenomas with no visible myoepithelial cells’ in 1996.
Epigenetic and neuroplasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders: possibilities of physical exercise
Authors: Lopes Martinez Victor Matheus
Published: July 2023

This article deals with the relationship between the mechanisms of neuroplasticity and epigenetics provided through the regular practice of physical exercise for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of the study was to focus on the benefits of early interventions, especially physical exercise, in cases of neurodevelopmental disorders through epigenetic and neuroplasticity mechanisms. For this, a critical review of a narrative nature was carried out in the Scielo, PubMed and PsycInfo databases, as well as consultation in books on the subject. The results show us that exercise seems to promote epigenetic improvements, which can prevent the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders and also promote changes through neuroplasticity, which can mitigate the deficits caused by pathologies, especially if it occurs during early childhood. We can then understand that exercise tends to improve neurodevelopment, but a more robust base of empirical studies on this subject is needed.
Redescription of Astyanax brevoortii (Gill, 1858) (Characiformes, Characidae) and description of three new species of Astyanax subgenus Poecilurichthys, from Caribbean Sea basins, Venezuela
Authors: Valencia César Román , Ruiz-C Raquel I , Taphorn Donald C
Published: July 2023

In Astyanax (Poecilurichthys), we recognize six species-groups defined by the distribution of melanophores on the body: 1. bimaculatus; 2. rupununi; 3. abramis: 4. orthodus; 5. asuncionensis; and 6. anterior, which are named for a representative species. Astyanax brevoortii1 is redescribed using specimens from Trinidad (including types). This species, as a member of the bimaculatus species-group, is distinguished by lacking a concentration of melanophores outlining the scale margins on the sides of body. Three new species of the bimaculatus species-group are described: A. caroni n. sp. from the Caroni River drainage, which differs in having all of the teeth of the internal premaxillary series pentacuspid (vs. heptacuspid), and the length of the caudal-peduncle spot which is less than two times the eye diameter (vs. at least twice eye diameter). A. garuttii n. sp. from the San Juan River and Gulf of Cariaco drainages is distinguished by osteological characters and by morphological characters identified by principal component analysis. A. cuyuni n. sp. from the Cuyuni River (Essequibo River Basin), is distinguished by having a foramen in the pterotic and sphenotic bones (vs. absent), and the shape of the last two neural spines that form a posteriorly directed arc, that covers the epineurals.
Peer specialists’ challenges in the current health care delivery system
Authors: Maviglia Marcello
Published: July 2023

Peer Support Specialists are effective in helping people with emotional difficulties. Their interventions help people in attaining positive and profound changes in their lives. However, their inclusion in the health care system in the US comes with the paradoxical risk of endangering their identity as peer supporters by transforming their intervention into a mix of mainstream clinical services and recovery approaches, which may have very little to do with recovery practices. This brief article is a follow-up on the ongoing debate on the issue on the critical issue of the identity and integrity of the Peer support model
Relationship between perceived stress and religious/spiritual coping in pregnant women with malformed foetus
Authors: Martins Leal Miriam , Ferreira de Melo Gislane , Gomes Eduardo , Trindade Eliana , Helena de Freitas Marta
Published: July 2023

Congenital Foetal Malformity (CFM) is a stress factor for pregnant women, and religiosity and spirituality have an important role to play in coping with it. The aim of this study was to identify the correlation between stress, as perceived by pregnant women with CFM, and the diverse forms of religious/spiritual coping (RSC). This is a cross-sectional study with pregnant women treated in a hospital specializing in obstetrics in the city of Brasília, located in the Federal District in Brazil. The sample comprised 99 expectant mothers. Religious/spiritual coping was measured using the RCOPE scale devised by Pargament, Koenig and Perez (2000) which was subsequently translated into Portuguese and adapted for Brazil by Panzini and Bandeira. Stress was evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale of Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein (1983), translated and validated by Luft et al. (2007). For the purposes of analysis, the SPSS-IBM 22.0 software application was employed, with a statistical analysis using means, standard deviations and frequencies, along with the Chi-Squared (elevated power of sample – 0.77) and Logistical Regression tests aimed at evaluating the relationship between perceived stress and the type of RSC. The results indicated that 92.8% of pregnant women with CFM presented with positive religious/spiritual coping (PRSC), with a mean value for perceived stress of 41.17 ± 9.03, there being an inverse relationship between perceived stress and PRSC (p = 0.02). Just five of the pregnant women presented with higher levels of stress and negative religious/spiritual coping (NRSC), without any correlation with demographic data (expectant mother’s age, religion, income, schooling, CFM prognosis or time since diagnosis). It was found that 81 (81.8%) of the pregnant women would like this topic to be addressed in the hospital setting, primarily by the doctors (56.6%) treating them
The effects of online education on the professional development of FEFS students in the context of the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Liliana Nanu
Published: July 2023

Since the beginning of the year 2020, mankind has faced a situation without precedent with the spread of the SARS-COV2 virus. Among the most affected sectors by the pandemic is that of education, particularly in the case of students and their professional development. This study sets out to determine the degree to which the pandemic has impacted the professional development of the students of the Physical Education and Sports College. The paper also aims to highlight the difficulties posed by the online nature of the course material and lessons in relation to aspects such as organizing, communicating, teaching, learning and evaluating the knowledge of the students during the past year. (March 2020- March 2021) In order to assess the difficulties faced by students and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their professional development, a survey with multiple choice answers has been used. For an honest collaboration, the respondents remained anonymous, although for a better understanding of the sample, questions with regards to gender, age and program me of choice were still asked. The survey has 12 questions with 3 or 4 possible choices and aims to determine the preferred methods of teaching and evaluation of the students with relation to their professional development.
Biopesticidal activities of three botanicals (Ageratum conyzoides L., Petiveria alliacea L. and Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit,) against Sitophilus oryzae L
Authors: Ayodeji Oguntola Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of oil extracts from Ageratum conyzoides L., Petiveria alliacea L., and Hyptis suaveolens L. as biopesticides against Sitophilus oryzae in the Entomology Laboratory of Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State. The experiments were conducted at a temperature of 28±2°C and a relative humidity of 75±5%. Methanol was used as a solvent to extract the oil from the plants, and different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%) of each plant extract were prepared. The results demonstrated that the oil extracts from all three plants had a significant impact on the mortality of Sitophilus oryzae. Among them, the oil extract from Hyptis suaveolens proved to be the most effective, causing 100% mortality of Sitophilus oryzae at 2.0% and 2.5% concentrations within 96 hours of introduction. The LD50 (concentration required to cause 50% mortality) for Hyptis suaveolens was 0.53 (at 96 hours) and 0.36 (at 120 hours), while the LD90 (concentration required to cause 90% mortality) was 4.27 (at 96 hours) and 1.86 (at 120 hours) for Sitophilus oryzae. Furthermore, the oil extracts of all three plants significantly reduced adult emergence of the insects and prevented weight loss in the seeds. These effects were particularly prominent at concentrations of 2.0% and 2.5%. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) between the treatments and control groups for all the parameters assessed. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that the leaf extract of Hyptis suaveolens was more effective than the extracts from the other plants in reducing Sitophilus oryzae populations, inhibiting adult emergence, and preventing weight loss in stored grains. Therefore, Hyptis suaveolens can be considered as a valuable addition to the range of botanicals used for Sitophilus oryzae control in food storage.
Education and defense of the human
Authors: Balzano Gennaro 
Published: July 2023

The defense of the human is a central theme in education, aimed, in the debate, at delineating what is not human in the first place. It is an anthropological problem that finds fertile ground in education, where dialogue, intentionality and, in a broad sense, relationship call the territory of the human to the exercise of its ontological characteristic. Man's characterizing traits are beyond the limits and possibility of naturalness, in the sphere of intentionality, meaning, value and freedom. Recognizing that modifications of human nature, for the benefit of technology, could be degrading is not just a hypothesis.
Environmental factor as predictors of citizens’ participation in development activities in Ogbomoso town, Oyo state, Nigeria
Authors: Oni  Matthew Taiwo
Published: July 2023

The involvement of citizens in developmental endeavors is crucial to achieving rapid and enduring progress. However, the social context often displays varying attitudes that impact community participation. Despite numerous studies on citizen engagement, there is a shortage of research on how different environmental factors influence involvement in community development. This study, investigated the environmental factors that could predict citizens’ participation in developmental activities in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. The simple random sampling was used to select 100 respondents from the community of Ogbomoso North Local Government. The data was analysed using the descriptive statistics of percentage, frequency count and inferential statistics of multiple regression. Environmental factors (leadership impact and involvement in community groups) jointly influenced citizens’ participation in development activities (R = 0.46, p<0.05). These factors accounted for 0.20% of the total variance in citizens’ participation in development activities. The relative contribution of the variables is as follows; Leadership impact (β= 0.36; t = 3.59; p < 0.05) and Involvement in community groups ((β= 0.17; t = -1.68; p >0.05). The result showed that citizens participate in development activities irrespective of their involvement in community groups and leadership greatly influences citizens’ participation in developmental activities. Since leadership determines peoples’ participation in community development projects, it is recommended that community leaders should be exemplary in discharging their duties and also visualise projects that are need-based.
The Typology of Irregular Plural in the Qur’an: A Morphosyntactical Study of Ultimate Plural
Authors: Munjiah Ma’rifah , Umbar Kisno , SR Sinta Nuriyah
Published: July 2023

This research aims to identify the quantity, pattern, and characteristics of the irregular plural forms in Arabic, especially shighah muntaha al-jumu’ (ultimate plural) in the Qur'an. This research was conducted based on the many problems in identifying the pattern of ultimate plural. Although most of them are analogous, students still complain that it is complex, and as a solution they memorize. However, it still raises its own problems because of the many patterns. The study implemented a text study approach supported by data cards as a data collection instrument. The researchers managed to identify ultimate plural with a variety of patterns. This study found 245 ultimate plurals in the Quran. From these findings, researchers successfully found twelve (12) patterns of ultimate plural in the Quran. This finding certainly simplifies the nineteen (19) patterns of ultimate plural which Arabic language experts often introduce. The characteristics of ultimate plural can be identified from its singular form, which consists of words with at least four letters and the second letter is not a vowel. Meanwhile, when it comes to plural, the third letter is alif taksir followed by two or three letters. The patterns can be formulated in A-A/I, U-A/I, U-A/A and A-A/A.
Abhidhammatthasangaha and Abhidhammatthavibhavini-tika. Ed Hammalawa Saddhatissa.
Authors: Norman K. R.
Published: July 2023

Abhidhammatthasangaha and Abhidhammatthavibhavini-tika. Ed Hammalawa Saddhatissa. Pali Text Society, Oxford 1989. xxiv, 241 pp. £17.50.
Evaluation of Antifungal and Antiproliferative Effects of Two Different Organic Compounds with Cyclobutane Ring
Authors: ÇİÇEK Mustafa , KARACA Tuğçe Deniz , YILMAZ İbrahim
Published: July 2023

In the modern world, where there is a growing demand for new substances with anticancer and antifungal activities, Schiff bases and phthalimide derivatives, which exhibit a wide diversity of biological activity, have become the focus of new therapeutic research studies. Accordingly, this study examined the anti-proliferative effects of two distinct compounds synthesized by cyclobutane substitution on breast cancer and liver cancer cell lines, which are two major cancer types, were investigated with MTT method and their antifugal activities on C. albicans were evaluated with disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the compounds against C. albicans were also determined in the scope of the study. The results revealed that the synthesized Schiff base was more effective on the breast cancer cell line MCF7, whereas the phthalimide-derivative was more effective against the liver cancer cell line Mahlavu. Besides, according to the data related to the antifungal properties of the compounds, it can be inferred that both compounds are suitable for further investigation as potential building blocks for the creation of novel and efficient antifungal medications.
Information Lattice Learning
Authors: Yu Haizi , Evans James A. , Varshney Lav R.
Published: July 2023

We propose Information Lattice Learning (ILL) as a general framework to learn rules of a signal (e.g., an image or a probability distribution). In our definition, a rule is a coarsened signal used to help us gain one interpretable insight about the original signal. To make full sense of what might govern the signal’s intrinsic structure, we seek multiple disentangled rules arranged in a hierarchy, called a lattice. Compared to representation/rule-learning models optimized for a specific task (e.g., classification), ILL focuses on explainability: it is designed to mimic human experiential learning and discover rules akin to those humans can distill and comprehend. This paper details the math and algorithms of ILL, and illustrates how it addresses the fundamental question “what makes X an X” by creating rule-based explanations designed to help humans understand. Our focus is on explaining X rather than (re)generating it. We present applications in knowledge discovery, using ILL to distill music theory from scores and chemical laws from molecules and further revealing connections between them. We show ILL’s efficacy and interpretability on benchmarks and assessments, as well as a demonstration of ILL-enhanced classifiers achieving human-level digit recognition using only one or a few MNIST training examples (1–10 per class).
nCoV-2019 sequencing protocol v3 (LoCost) v3
Authors: Quick Josh
Published: July 2023

Amplicon sequencing protocol for SARS-CoV-2 v3 (LoCost) We thank the ARTIC network, Oxford Nanopore Technologies, New England Biolabs, BCCDC, COG-UK, CanCOGen and protocols.io commenters for their assistance developing this protocol. Changes in this version: -Up to 95 samples per run with EXP-NBD196 native barcode kit -Substitution of SuperScript IV for LunaScript RT SuperMix and reaction volume reduced to 10 uL. -Substitution of Ultra II Ligation Module for Blunt/TA Ligase Master Mix and reaction volume reduced to 10 µL. -Native barcode ligation reaction volume reduced to 10 uL. -SFB wash volume reduced.
Pengembangan strategi bisnis Melalui BMC (Business Model Canvas) dan strategi pemasaran bagi UMKM Sari Delight Surabaya
Authors: Candraningrat Candraningrat , Yurisma Dhika Yuan , Mujanah Siti
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this activity is to assist SMEs Sari Delight Surabaya to solf the problems they face in running their business effectively and schive the target. Some of the problems faced include capitalization, decreased sales, distribution, decreased production, difficulty in raw materials, and difficulty in selling. So that in this activity it provides the right solution, namely by compiling a Business Model Canvas (BMC) to analyze each block on BMC so that we can find out the problems and shortcomings that must be met. Developing a marketing strategy is also done using social media as a medium of sales, such as Instagram, WhatsApp and Go-Food for promotions and sales medium, because it makes it easier for MSMEs to sell their product, besides that, we also design attractive packaging and make videos for product promotion. In addition, this activity also provides e-commerce training in order to optimize the marketing channel media, so that sales increase. The results of this study are that the use of social media makes it easier for companies to carry out their promotional activities.
Pelatihan pengembangan emping beras sebagai produk unggulan di desa Jirak kecamatan Sajad
Authors: Aprisa Ega , Lestari Lusi , Aswitri Aswitri , Amelia Rosa , Hikmah Nur
Published: July 2023

Jirak Village is one of the villages located in Sajad District, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Jirak Village has a variety of agricultural and plantation products, including rice. Rice in Jirak Village is usually harvested every 2 times a year, so the amount of rice is abundant and easy to find. The rice commodity in Jirak Village has the potential as a raw material for superior products made from processed food in the form of rice chips which have high selling value. The purpose of this training is to improve and develop rice chips as a superior product of Jirak Village. The approach used in this activity includes a model of material exposure, discussion, practice and evaluation. This activity took place in March 2022. The number of participants who joined in this training was 11 people, of which 11 people were a group of PKK women who were members of Jirak Village. Based on this training activity, it was found that 36% of PKK mothers agreed and 64% strongly agreed to develop rice chips packaging with more practical sizes so as to make rice chips products as souvenirs typical of Jirak Village. This training also motivates the people in Jirak Village. The success of this training and mentoring can be illustrated by the results of the distribution analysis which shows the percentage of PKK mothers who agree with this activity. Other conditions also illustrate that this activity is fully supported by the village head, namely by lending the existing facilities and infrastructure in the village. It is hoped that in this training the community can develop rice chips into other new types of chips so that they are better known by the wider community and also have easily recognizable characteristics, especially from Jirak Village.
Strategi komunikasi pemasaran UMKM Kali Jegles berbasis digital
Authors: Santoso Rudi , Fianto Achmad Yanu Alif , Yurisma Dhika Yuan
Published: July 2023

The application of a digital-based Marketing Communication Strategy is one strategy to help MSMEs rise from the pandemic. This activity takes place in 3 initial stages starting from identification to the initial  introduction of digital marketing tools. The three stages include problem identification and observation,  MSME motivation, and Digital Marketing Strategy. The result of this activity is an initial design or social media-based digital marketing design. The object of the activity is the Kali Jegles Stren MSME group which is domiciled in Kediri and operates in the culinary and craft sectors. The MSME group really feels the  impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but that does not mean MSMEs must continue to suffer losses even to the point of going out of business. The results of the initial design of this activity can be continued back into a larger activity scheme by providing knowledge and mastery related to Pricing Strategy, Selling Strategy, Retaining Customers, and Profit Taking Strategy.
Seni motif cap pada kain bagi penderita psikotik di Dinas Sosial Meruya Unit Informasi (UILS Meruya)
Authors: Maftukha Nina
Published: July 2023

The art of this stamp motif has been known since prehistoric times, and the results can be seen in Leangleang Cave, Kalimantan and Altamira Cave, Australia. The stamp technique is very simple and can take advantage of objects and plants in the environment around us. Based on the survey, there are no products in the form of fashion fabric for the cultivating activities at the Social Service Information Unit (UILS) Meruya. Therefore, this service carries the theme of stamped art on cloth. Stamp is one of the simplest graphic arts or printing techniques, namely the stamp motif on the fabric that is created with the texture of various types of leaves in the surrounding environment. For example, we can take advantage of the texture of the banana midrib bone with a certain composition and pattern. The target to be achieved is to introduce Meruya's Social Service Information Unit (UILS) to people. The application is by applying the motif to the fabric. This can train the cognitive and motor aspects of students. The implementation methods are (1) introducing the technique of making stamps from banana midribs, (2) applying the motif to the fabric, (3) creating unique compositions and patterns of motifs, (4) practicing making motifs with stamp coloring techniques, (4) making creative economy products in the form of fashion products.
Pelatihan partnership guru dan orang tua dalam mengembangkan model contextual teaching and learning dengan media loose parts untuk menstimulasi kreativitas anak usia dini
Authors: Halimah Leli , Yuliartiningsih Margaretha Sri , Herwati Nenden Ineu , Mirawati Mirawati , Hopiani Ayu
Published: July 2023

Various theories and research results reveal that an effective partnership between school and family are a necessity, the key to success, and  a critical factor in the academic and socio-emotional development of children. Judging from the urgency of the school-family partnership in helping the success of children's education, it is very necessary to have a comprehensive understanding on the part of both teachers and parents in its implementation. For this reason, through this community service activity, it aims to provide insight and skills, especially to early childhood teachers who are partners in the implementation of PPLSP PGPAUD UPI Campus Cibiru. The results of the activity show an increase in partnership literacy between teachers and parents regarding the nature of the importance of partnerships, types, principles, strategies and approaches to partnerships. In addition, teachers have the skills to plan partnership programs, and have a positive attitude to be even better in creating partnerships with children's parents in developing contextual teaching and learning models with loose parts media to stimulate early childhood creativity.
Tingkatkan kualitas SDM koperasi pesantren melalui edukasi pembukuan dan pembuatan laporan keuangan
Authors: Bastomi Mohamad , Ali. Hs M. Mahruz
Published: July 2023

Candidates for Undergraduate Service (KSM-Thematic) are a substitute for Real Work Lectures (KKN-PPM). It has been carried out since the Covid-19 pandemic which aims to provide students with experiences for the community. The major changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in people experiencing several new habits that must be accepted and carried out continuously. The experience of students so far is felt to be able to have a positive impact on the community. However, unlike KKN-PPM, this time the service is aimed at areas affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The KSM-Thematic activities that have been carried out are 1) inviting male students and the community for community service, 2) distributing free masks to students and the community, 3) boosting the economy at the madinatul ulum Islamic boarding school by holding training for cooperative management, 4) majlis taklim routine sholawat and tahlil together and train fluency in reading the Qur'an by teaching TPQ. On the basis of the activities that have been carried out, the KSM-Thematic Islamic University of Malang has a stimulus to improve the cognitive, moral and social stages of students and the community of the madinatul ulum Islamic boarding school in Selowogo village.
Workshop digital marketing dan implementasi media sosial untuk akselerasi penjualan bagi pelaku UMKM di kelurahan Kedung Baruk Surabaya
Authors: Slamet Slamet , Martono Siswo
Published: July 2023

MSMEs have been proven to be able to encourage the country's economic progress. The existence of MSMEs cannot be eliminated or avoided from the nation's society today. Its existence is very useful in terms of distribution of community income. The problem that is often experienced by MSME actors is the lack of experience in managing their business. Many of the MSME players only focus on producing goods, but do not think about how to expand their business. The effect is that it is difficult to increase the business and the business that is carried out is running in place. In addition, the difficulty in distributing goods is a factor that causes the distribution of goods to be less widespread. This is because the perpetrators have not been able to do their marketing online and after that the average of these MSMEs experienced a decline in sales and distribution of goods. From the problems faced, an appropriate business development strategy is needed and the important role of the government. The internet technology-based coaching approach is carried out for MSME actors. The development of the internet supports progress in all aspects including business and business transactions using digital marketing and social media that can be used by MSME actors in increasing sales and developing their business. This community service activity is carried out for MSME actors, in Kedung Baruk Village, Surabaya. It is recorded that 17 MSMEs are engaged in food and beverage, handicrafts, grocery stores, printing, and fashion.
Pelatihan pembuatan keripik pakis dalam rangka meningkatkan produk unggulan pangan desa Setalik
Authors: Safitri Tasya , Leni Leni , Yuliani Sri , Randong Maria Felixia , Fitri Mega , Aryasari Pegi , Pura Adi
Published: July 2023

Setalik Village is one of the villages located in Sejangkung District, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. Most of the agricultural products in Setalik Village are rice and rubber, while superior products are still not available. The purpose of this training is to increase the knowledge and ability of the village to make processed food products that can be superior. The approach taken in this activity consists of four stages of activity, namely the stage of elaboration of the material, discussion, demonstration and evaluation of activities, with the number of participants who took part in this activity as many as 10 people. From the results of this training activity, Setalik Village's superior product can be created, namely fern chips. This activity not only provided knowledge about fern chips, but also related to the legality of products in the form of P-IRT. The hope of the people of Setalik Village is that they want to know more about innovative products, especially in the food sector, so that people can better utilize local food ingredients in the local community. Based on the results of the training on making fern chips for PKK/Posyandu cadres in Setalik Village, it can be concluded that the participants had good enthusiasm in this activity. It is hoped that this activity can increase the knowledge and ability of rural communities in developing superior food products.
Implementasi pelatihan pendekatan STREAM berbasis project based learning dalam kurikulum pendidikan anak usia dini
Authors: Halimah Leli , Mirawati Mirawati , Sari Maya Purnama , Hopiani Ayu
Published: July 2023

There are so many advantages of the PBL-based STREAM approach if it is implemented in the ECE curriculum. However, no matter how great a learning approach is, without a well-understood teacher regarding its theoretical basis and how to apply it, then this approach will not give any meaning. For this reason, teachers see the need to receive training so that they are skilled in applying the STREAM-PBL approach to the PAUD curriculum. This training is a form of community service which is carried out in a blended way through online meetings using zoom meetings and offline meetings. The purpose of this training is to provide insight and skills related to the implementation of the STREAM-PBL approach in the PAUD curriculum. This training was attended by PAUD teachers who became partners in the implementation of PPLSP and the tri dharma of the UPI Campus PGPAUD study program in Cibiru. The results of this training activity indicate an increase in teachers' understanding regarding the implementation of the STREAM-PBL approach in the PAUD curriculum. Teachers believe that the STREAM-PBL approach has great potential to stimulate children's creativity and other aspects of development.
Pemanfaatan taman bacaan masyarakat sebagai pusat pembelajaran oleh masyarakat di Nagari Kandang Baru kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Prasetia Yogi
Published: July 2023

Outdoor Education is education that has programs in order to develop the potential that exists in society. The reading garden in Nagari Kajbaru has been put to good use by the community, the reason being the large collection of books in the Community Reading Center (TBM), the existence of complete supporting facilities, thus the aims of this research are (1) to describe the use of TBM as a learning center by school-age children (2) describe the use of TBM as a learning center by the RT (3) describe the use of TBM as a learning center by farmer groups. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a population of 51 people and 25 people as a sample. The data collection technique in this study was a questionnaire with percentage data analysis. The results of the study show that the description of TBM utilization includes (1) TBM has been properly utilized by school children as a learning center (2) TBM has been utilized properly by RT mothers as a learning center (3) TBM has been utilized properly by members of farmer groups as learning center.
Pengenalan pengolahan sampah botol plastik sebagai bahan baku energi alternatif
Authors: Kusuma Yudha Adi , Sudarni Dyan Hatining Ayu
Published: July 2023

Plastic bottles can be useful as an alternative energy raw material. Increasing knowledge among partners can reduce the circulation of plastic waste in the environment. Community service activities are carried out through lectures, demonstrations, and group discussions. The results of the z test from community service show that the z- value (5.86) z-table (1.96) and P-value = 0.000 0.005. The results of testing for community service show that receiving H1 where there is an impact before and after community service.
Implementasi e-commerce untuk meningkatkan daya saing pelaku Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) bidang Agro Binaan Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Tricahyo Vion Age , Putra Fatra Nonggala , Harwida Gleydis , Fitrotul Husnayaini Fasta Della , Rahmania Pipit Lailatul
Published: July 2023

Small and medium enterprises (SME) are one of the biggest economic contributors to Indonesia. Through the abundant product potential and 64.19 million people involved, a solution is needed to increase income. Digital marketing implementation using e-commerce is the best way. To make this happen, researchers collaborate with the Department of Industry and Trade of Malang Regency. With the division unit, namely IKM Agro, training on e-commerce implementation was made to increase the competitiveness of 270 IKM which had made 400 products. IKM Agro assisted products already have attractive packaging, product standardization and halal certification. However, some products have less selling power because they still use conventional sales such as exhibitions and shops. The purpose of this service is to maximize the role of SME actors by implementing product sales through e-commerce. And make the products of SME actors able to reach millions of Indonesian customers and international markets. With this activity, 88% of SMEs benefit from the use of marketing technology as an effort to increase income and improve product competitiveness.
Penguatan ekonomi kerakyatan melalui pelatihan pembuatan label dan pemasaran produk homemade
Authors: Hafsi Ainur Rofiq , Amalia Laili , Jannah Ukhti Raudhatul , Supardi Lili
Published: July 2023

The village of Konang produces several home-made products that are managed by residents. One of the products produced is a snack, namely krupuk puli. The product is still packaged in a simple way. The product is packaged in a thin clear plastic and tied with raffia rope and without a label. Marketing of this product is also still on a small scale and limited scope. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of UMKM actors in Konang Village regarding packaging, product labeling and product marketing. The method used is 5 stages: (1) Field Survey, (2) Coordination with Village Apparatus and Community, (3) Program Socialization, (4) Program Implementation, (5) Program Evaluation. The result of this service activity is the increase in knowledge and skills of Puli chips business owners in making attractive product labels and packaging, being able to make product innovations and market products with a wider scope.