bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Some Safe Plant-Derived Foods for LTP-Allergic Patients
Authors: Asero Riccardo , Mistrello Gianni , Roncarolo Daniela , Amato Stefano
Published: May 2007

Background: Lipid transfer protein (LTP) is a widely cross-reacting plant pan-allergen. Adverse reactions to Rosaceae, tree nuts, peanut, beer, maize, mustard, asparagus, grapes, mulberry, cabbage, dates, orange, fig, kiwi, lupine, fennel, celery, tomato, eggplant, lettuce, chestnut and pineapple have been recorded. Objective: To detect vegetable foods to be regarded as safe for LTP-allergic patients. Methods: Tolerance/intolerance to a large spectrum of vegetable foods other than Rosaceae, tree nuts and peanut was assessed by interview in 49 subjects monosensitized to LTP and in three distinct groups of controls monosensitized to Bet v 1 (n = 24) or Bet v 2 (n = 18), or sensitized to both LTP and birch pollen (n = 16), all with a history of vegetable food allergy. Patients and controls underwent skin prick test (SPT) with a large spectrum of vegetable foods. The absence of IgE reactivity to foods that were negative in both clinical history and SPT was confirmed by immunoblot analysis and their clinical tolerance was finally assessed by open oral challenge (50 g per food). Results: All patients reported tolerance and showed negative SPT to carrot, potato, banana and melon; these foods scored positive in SPT and elicited clinical symptoms in a significant proportion of patients from all three control groups. All patients tolerated these four foods on oral challenge. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the lack of IgE reactivity to these foods by LTP-allergic patients. Conclusion: Carrot, potato, banana and melon seem safe for LTP-allergic patients. This finding may be helpful for a better management of allergy to LTP.
Electrophysiological Study of Thalamo-Cortical Relation in Man
Authors: Matsumoto K. , Miyamoto T. , Mimura Y. , Beck H.
Published: May 2007

Single or repetitive stimulation of the thalamic nucleus has been performed during stereotaxic surgery for over 250 patients with extrapyramidal disorders or intractable pain in our service for the last 7 years, because the stimulation has been encountered as a useful tool for determination of the stereotaxic target. Aside from such direct therapeutic considerations, computer analysis of the cortical evoked responses has brought us much interesting information regarding the physiological mechanism of the thalamo-cortical relations in man. Thus, bilateral, three-negative, cortically evoked responses after single stimulation of the unilateral VL nucleus of the thalamus and differences of augmenting and recruiting responses between the human and the laboratory animal have been reported in the last symposium. In our recent study further investigation of the possible pathway from the stimulated unilateral VL nucleus to bilateral cortex and some analysis of augmenting response were carried out with 50 parkinsonism patients. The impulse which provokes the first positive wave of the contralateral side was thought to be transmitted from stimulated VL nucleus to the contralateral cortex directly via corpus callosum with a velocity of 36–43 m/sec. Repetitive stimulation of the VL nucleus showed typical augmenting or recruiting-like augmenting responses under a certain condition.
The Anatomical Variability of the Human Cerebellar Nuclei
Authors: Yap J.C. , Tomlinson J.D.W. , Watkins E.S.
Published: May 2007

Published studies of the anatomy and variability of the dentate nucleus in relation to landmarks of the fourth ventricle are few in number and limited in extent. To determine the variability of this structure, measurements have been made in sufficient numbers of specimens to be statistically significant. Finite radiological relationships were established and the variability of possible radiological reference planes estimated from 48 stereotaxic ventriculograms. Thirty cerebellar hemispheres obtained without special methods of fixation were sectioned at 1-mm intervals and the nuclear variability measured from the most reliable reference plane. A high degree of variability was found which may explain the varying therapeutic effect of dentatotomy and the dissimilar physiological effects reported. To further eliminate anatomical variability due to distortion during fixation, a further 30 cerebellar specimens obtained by a partial decapitation technique with fixation in situ in the skull have been sectioned after stereotaxic marking in a sarcophagus [Andrew and Watkins, 1969] and the dentate and roof nuclear measurements and variability established.
Postjunctional Synergism of Norepinephrine with ATP and Diadenosine Tetraphosphate in Guinea Pig Vas Deferens
Authors: Khattab Mahmoud M. , Al-Rawi Mahmood B. , Aleisa Abdulaziz M.
Published: May 2007

In isolated guinea pig vas deferens, prior addition of norepinephrine (NE) significantly potentiated the contractile responses to adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) and diadenosine tetraphosphate (AP4A) in a dose-dependent manner up to 240% of the control purine dose. The myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) inhibitor cantharidin at a dose of 10 µmol/l caused significant enhancement of ATP at concentrations of 1 and 3 mmol/l by 91 and 95% respectively. Similarly, cantharidin enhanced the contraction to AP4A, 30 and 100 µmol/l by 92 and 100% respectively. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by the use of chelerythrine (10 µmol/l), incubated at the vas deferens for 60 min, inhibited the NE-induced enhancement of purine-induced contraction. Chelerythrine reversed the NE-ATP and NE-AP4A synergism back close to control ATP and AP4A contraction values respectively. It can be concluded that postjunctional synergism becomes evident not only for adenine mononucleotides and NE but also for diadenosine polyphosphates presented here by AP4A in the guinea pig vas deferens. This synergism involves receptor-mediated activation of PKC and possibly PKC-induced inhibition of MLCP.
Experiences with Dentatotomy
Authors: Nádvorník P. , Šramka M. , Lisý L. , Svička I.
Published: May 2007

Twelve stereotactic dentatotomies in cases of spasticity and myoclonic disease were carried out, eight of them through the transtentorial approach. from one side. The result of the dentatotomy seems to be dependent on the extent of lesion produced by electrocoagulation.
The Stereotactic Technique and its Application in Extrapyramidal Hyperkinesia
Authors: Riechert T.
Published: May 2007

A survey is given of the results obtained in 353 operations for hyperkinetic disorders (out of a total number of 4,120 stereotactic interventions). The combination of a destruction of the oral ventral nuclei of the thalamus with subthalamotomy has proved to be the best method for the treatment of hyperkinesia. In infantile cerebral palsy with a severe spastic component, the author has per-formed a stereotactic intervention on the cerebral peduncle. The basis for this was the supposition that a mere interruption of the pyramidal fibers (performed with the open method by WalkerAand Bucy]may remove spasticity and hyperkinetic symptoms. A study of the late results (carried out together with Mundinger and Diesselhoff]of 309 operations showed that fair and good results were achieved in torsion dystonia. The same is true of ballism. In choreo-athetosis, good and satisfactory late results were obtained only in 50% of the cases.
Stimulation and Destruction of the Region of the Interstitial Nucleus in Cases of Torticollis and See-Saw Nystagmus
Authors: Sano K. , Sekino H. , Tsukamoto Y. , Yoshimasu N. , Ishijima B.
Published: May 2007

The interstitial nucleus of Cajal or the adjacent areas including the upper part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus was stimulated and finally destroyed in 12 cases of torticollis (mostly retrocollis) and one case of see-saw nystagmus. Stimulation of the above-mentioned area caused EMG discharges and contraction mostly of the posterior neck muscles in torticollis cases. It reproduced the see-saw nystagmus in one case of posttraumatic see-saw nystagmus. It may be stated that the interstital nucleus and the medial longitudinal fasciculus may play an important regulatory role in neck and eye movements.
Displacements of Brain Due to Positional Changes during Stereotactic Operations
Authors: Thulin C.-A. , v. Essen C. , Zeuchner E.
Published: May 2007

Lumbar pneumoencephalograms, performed before craniotomy in the stereotactic procedure, from patients in the upright and supine positions demonstrate shifts (up to 2.5 mm) of deep-seated intracerebral structures, influenced by gravity. After trephining the burr hole with opening of a free communication of air into the subdural space, dislocation of the brain (up to 2 mm) in the direction of gravity may also be encountered. Thus, for exact localization of the stereotactic target point al-lowances for extracerebral air collections and consequent shifts of deep-seated target structures must be made.
Percutaneous Stereotactic Radiofrequency Trigeminal Tractotomy with Neurophysiological Recordings
Authors: Crue B.L. , Carregal E.J.A. , Felsoory A.
Published: May 2007

Percutaneous stereotactic trigeminal tractotomy was performed in twelve patients with benefit in ten. Recording of trigeminal evoked potentials using a long concentric bipolar electrode has facilitated lesion placement.
Gata1 regulates dendritic-cell development and survival
Authors: Gutiérrez Laura , Nikolic Tatjana , van Dijk Thamar B. , Hammad Hamida , Vos Nanda , Willart Monique , Grosveld Frank , Philipsen Sjaak , Lambrecht Bart N.
Published: May 2007

Dendritic cells are key initiators and regulators of the immune response. Dendritic cell commitment and function require orchestrated regulation of transcription. Gata1 is a transcription factor expressed in several hematopoietic lineages. However, Gata1 function has not been explored in the monocytic or dendritic cell compartment. Here, we show that Gata1 is expressed in myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells and that Gata1 ablation affects the survival of dendritic cells. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of dendritic cells prompts Gata1 up-regulation, which is accompanied by increased levels of BclX and Ifng. Our findings show that Gata1 is a transcriptional regulator of dendritic cell differentiation and suggest that Gata1 is involved in the dendritic cell and macrophage lineage separation.
Graft-versus-leukemia effects associated with detectable Wilms tumor-1–specific T lymphocytes after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Rezvani Katayoun , Yong Agnes S. M. , Savani Bipin N. , Mielke Stephan , Keyvanfar Keyvan , Gostick Emma , Price David A. , Douek Daniel C. , Barrett A. John
Published: May 2007

To determine whether the leukemia-associated Wilms tumor antigen (WT1) contributes to a graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we studied CD8+ T-cell responses to WT1 in 10 human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)–A*0201–positive ALL patients during the early phase of immune recovery after SCT (days 30-120). Seven of 10 patients had detectable WT1 expression in their peripheral blood (PB) before SCT by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Using WT1/HLA-A*0201 tetramers and intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) staining, WT1+ CD8+ T-cell responses after SCT were found only in patients with detectable WT1 expression before SCT (5 of 7 vs. 0 of 3; P < .05). To monitor the kinetics of WT1+ CD8+ T-cell responses and disease regression after SCT, absolute WT1+ CD8+ T-cell numbers and WT1 expression were studied for each time point. The emergence of WT1+ CD8+ T cells was associated with a decrease in WT1 expression, suggesting a WT1-driven GVL effect. Loss of WT1+ CD8+ T-cell responses was associated with reappearance of WT1 transcripts, consistent with a molecular relapse (P < .001). WT1+ CD8+ T cells had a predominantly effector–memory phenotype (CD45RO+ CD27−CD57+) and produced IFN-γ. Our results support the immunogenicity of WT1 after SCT for ALL and highlight the potential for WT1 vaccines to boost GVL after SCT for ALL.
The Deuterator: software for the determination of backbone amide deuterium levels from H/D exchange MS data
Authors: Pascal BD , Chalmers MJ , Busby SA , Mader CC , Southern MR , Tsinoremas NF , Griffin PR
Published: May 2007

Background

The combination of mass spectrometry and solution phase amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/D exchange) experiments is an effective method for characterizing protein dynamics, and protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions. Despite methodological advancements and improvements in instrumentation and automation, data analysis and display remains a tedious process. The factors that contribute to this bottleneck are the large number of data points produced in a typical experiment, each requiring manual curation and validation, and then calculation of the level of backbone amide exchange. Tools have become available that address some of these issues, but lack sufficient integration, functionality, and accessibility required to address the needs of the H/D exchange community. To date there is no software for the analysis of H/D exchange data that comprehensively addresses these issues.

Results

We have developed an integrated software system for the automated analysis and representation of H/D exchange data that has been titled "The Deuterator". Novel approaches have been implemented that enable high throughput analysis, automated determination of deuterium incorporation, and deconvolution of overlapping peptides. This has been achieved by using methods involving iterative theoretical envelope fitting, and consideration of peak data within expected m/z ranges. Existing common file formats have been leveraged to allow compatibility with the output from the myriad of MS instrument platforms and peptide sequence database search engines.

A web-based interface is used to integrate the components of The Deuterator that are able to analyze and present mass spectral data from instruments with varying resolving powers. The results, if necessary, can then be confirmed, adjusted, re-calculated and saved. Additional tools synchronize the curated calculation parameters with replicate time points, increasing throughput. Saved results can then be used to plot deuterium buildup curves and 3D structural overlays. The system has been used successfully in a production environment for over one year and is freely available as a web tool at the project home page http://deuterator.florida.scripps.edu.

Conclusion

The automated calculation and presentation of H/D exchange data in a user interface enables scientists to organize and analyze data efficiently. Integration of the different components of The Deuterator coupled with the flexibility of common data file formats allow this system to be accessible to the broadening H/D exchange community.
Novel subdomains of the mouse olfactory bulb defined by molecular heterogeneity in the nascent external plexiform and glomerular layers
Authors: Williams Eric O , Xiao Yuanyuan , Sickles Heather M , Shafer Paul , Yona Golan , Yang Jean YH , Lin David M
Published: May 2007

Background

In the mouse olfactory system, the role of the olfactory bulb in guiding olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) axons to their targets is poorly understood. What cell types within the bulb are necessary for targeting is unknown. What genes are important for this process is also unknown. Although projection neurons are not required, other cell-types within the external plexiform and glomerular layers also form synapses with OSNs. We hypothesized that these cells are important for targeting, and express spatially differentially expressed guidance cues that act to guide OSN axons within the bulb.

Results

We used laser microdissection and microarray analysis to find genes that are differentially expressed along the dorsal-ventral, medial-lateral, and anterior-posterior axes of the bulb. The expression patterns of these genes divide the bulb into previously unrecognized subdomains. Interestingly, some genes are expressed in both the medial and lateral bulb, showing for the first time the existence of symmetric expression along this axis. We use a regeneration paradigm to show that several of these genes are altered in expression in response to deafferentation, consistent with the interpretation that they are expressed in cells that interact with OSNs.

Conclusion

We demonstrate that the nascent external plexiform and glomerular layers of the bulb can be divided into multiple domains based on the expression of these genes, several of which are known to function in axon guidance, synaptogenesis, and angiogenesis. These genes represent candidate guidance cues that may act to guide OSN axons within the bulb during targeting.
Regulation of the microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in polarized mononuclear phagocytes and its constitutive expression in neutrophils
Authors: Mosca Michela , Polentarutti Nadia , Mangano Giorgina , Apicella Claudia , Doni Andrea , Mancini Francesca , De Bortoli Maida , Coletta Isabella , Polenzani Lorenzo , Santoni Giorgio , Sironi Marina , Vecchi Annunciata , Mantovani Alberto
Published: May 2007

PGs are potent mediators of pain and inflammation. PGE synthases (PGES) catalyze the isomerization of PGH2 into PGE2. The microsomal (m)PGES-1 isoform serves as an inducible PGES and is responsible for the production of PGE2, which mediates acute pain in inflammation and fever. The present study was designed to investigate the regulation of expression of mPGES-1 in polarized phagocytes, which represent central, cellular orchestrators of inflammatory reactions. Here, we report that human peripheral blood monocytes did not express mPGES-1. Exposure to LPS strongly induced mPGES-1 expression. Alternatively activated M2 monocytes-macrophages exposed to IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10 did not express mPGES-1, whereas in these cells, IL-4, IL-13, and to a lesser extent, IL-10 or IFN-γ inhibited LPS-induced, mPGES-1 expression. It is unexpected that polymorphonuclear leukocytes expressed high basal levels of mPGES-1, which was up-regulated by LPS and down-regulated by IL-4 and IL-13. Induction of mPGES-1 and its modulation by cytokines were confirmed at the protein level and correlated with PGE2 production. Cyclooxygenase 2 expression tested in the same experimental conditions was modulated in monocytes and granulocytes similarly to mPGES-1. Thus, activated M1, unlike alternatively activated M2, mononuclear phagocytes express mPGES-1, and IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10 tune expression of this key enzyme in prostanoid metabolism. Neutrophils, the first cells to enter sites of inflammation, represent a ready-made, cellular source of mPGES-1.
Scriptworlds: Writing Systems and the Formation of World Literature
Authors: Damrosch David
Published: May 2007

David Damrosch is professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University and is a past president of the American Comparative Literature Association. His books include What Is World Literature? (2003) and The Buried Book: The Loss and Rediscovery of the Great Epic of Gilgamesh (2007). He is general editor of The Longman Anthology of World Literature (2004).
The Clr4 methyltransferase determines the subnuclear localization of the mating-type region in fission yeast
Authors: Alfredsson-Timmins Jenny , Henningson Frida , Bjerling Pernilla
Published: May 2007

The genome has a non-random spatial distribution in the cell nucleus. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, it has been shown that the centromeres, telomeres and the mating-type region localize to the nuclear membrane (NM), the former by attaching to the spindle pole body (SPB). In addition, reporter genes inserted into these areas are transcriptionally repressed because of the formation of specialized chromatin structures. Performing live cell analysis we found that in a wild-type strain the mating-type region was positioned in the proximity of the SPB, the location where the pericentromeric heterochromatin is also found. In a strain lacking the histone methyltransferase Clr4, crucial for the formation of heterochromatin, the mating-type region had a random localization in the nucleus. Moreover, in a strain in which the two boundary elements IR-L and IR-R had been deleted, the mating-type region was displaced from its position at the proximity of the SPB, but remained in the vicinity of the NM. Moreover, in all investigated strains with silencing deficiencies the distance between the mating-type region and the SPB increased. This result indicates a correlation between transcriptional derepression and displacement of the region. Two different models of how the mating-type chromatin is organized in the nucleus are discussed.
Drosophila HyperkineticMutants Have Reduced Sleep and Impaired Memory
Authors: Bushey Daniel , Huber Reto , Tononi Giulio , Cirelli Chiara
Published: May 2007

In mammals, sleep is thought to be important for health, cognition, and memory. Fruit flies share most features of mammalian sleep, and a recent study found thatDrosophilalines carrying loss-of-function mutations inShaker(Sh) are short sleeping, suggesting that the Sh current plays a major role in regulating daily sleep amount. The Sh current is potentiated by a β modulatory subunit coded byHyperkinetic(Hk). Here, we demonstrate that severe loss-of-function mutations ofHkreduce sleep and do so primarily by affecting the Sh current. Moreover, we prove, using a transgenic approach, that a wild-type copy ofHkis sufficient to restore normal sleep. Furthermore, we show that short-sleepingHkmutant lines have a memory deficit, whereas flies carrying a weaker hypomorphicHkallele have normal sleep and normal memory. By comparing six short-sleepingShlines with two normal sleeping ones, we also found that only alleles that reduce sleep also impair memory. These data identify a gene,Hk, which is necessary to maintain normal sleep, and provide genetic evidence that short sleep and poor memory are linked.
Genetic Single-Cell Mosaic Analysis Implicates ephrinB2 Reverse Signaling in Projections from the Posterior Tectum to the Hindbrain in Zebrafish
Authors: Sato Tomomi , Hamaoka Takanori , Aizawa Hidenori , Hosoya Toshihiko , Okamoto Hitoshi
Published: May 2007

The optic tectum is a visual center in vertebrates. It receives topographically ordered visual inputs from the retina in the superficial layers and then sends motor outputs from the deeper layers to the premotor reticulospinal system in the hindbrain. Although the topographic patterns of the retinotectal projection are well known, it is not yet well understood how tectal efferents in the tectobulbar tract project to the hindbrain. The retinotectal and the tectobulbar projections were visualized in a zebrafish stable transgenic line Tg(brn3a-hsp70:GFP). Using a single-neuron labeling system in combination with the cre/loxP and Gal4/UAS systems, we showed that the tectal neurons that projected to rhombomeres 2 and 6 were distributed with distinctive patterns along the anterior–posterior axis. Furthermore, we found that ephrinB2a was critically involved in increasing the probability of neurons projecting to rhombomere 2 through a reverse signaling mechanism. These results may provide a neuroanatomical and molecular basis for the motor command map in the tectum.
Dysregulated Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Translation of AMPA Receptor and Postsynaptic Density-95 mRNAs at Synapses in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Muddashetty Ravi S. , Kelić Sofija , Gross Christina , Xu Mei , Bassell Gary J.
Published: May 2007

Fragile X syndrome, a common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an mRNA binding protein that is hypothesized to regulate local mRNA translation in dendrites downstream of gp1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). However, specific FMRP-associated mRNAs that localize to dendritesin vivoand show altered mGluR-dependent translation at synapses ofFmr1knock-out mice are unknown so far. Using fluorescencein situhybridization, we discovered that GluR1/2 and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) mRNAs are localized to dendrites of cortical and hippocampal neuronsin vivo. Quantitative analyses of their dendritic mRNA levels in cultured neurons and synaptoneurosomes did not detect differences between wild-type andFmr1knock-out (KO) mice. In contrast, PSD-95, GluR1/2, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) mRNA levels in actively translating polyribosomes were dysregulated in synaptoneurosomes fromFmr1knock-out mice in response to mGluR activation. [35S]methionine incorporation into newly synthesized proteins similarly revealed impaired stimulus-induced protein synthesis of CaMKIIα and PSD-95 in synaptoneurosomes fromFmr1KO mice. Quantitative analysis of mRNA levels in FMRP-specific immunoprecipitations from synaptoneurosomes demonstrated the association of FMRP with CaMKIIα, PSD-95, and GluR1/2 mRNAs. These findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby FMRP regulates the local synthesis AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits, PSD-95, and CaMKIIα downstream of mGluR-activation. Dysregulation of local translation of AMPAR and associated factors at synapses may impair control of the molecular composition of the postsynaptic density and consequently alter synaptic transmission, causing impairments of neuronal plasticity observed inFmr1knock-out mice and fragile X syndrome.
The contribution of tellurite resistance genes to the fitness of Escherichia coli uropathogenic strains
Authors: Valková Danka , Valkovičová Lenka , Vávrová Silvia , Kováčová Elena , Mravec Jozef , Turňa Ján
Published: May 2007

The presence of tellurite resistance gene operons has been reported in several human pathogens despite the fact that tellurium, as well as its soluble salts, are both rare in nature and are no longer in use as antimicrobial agents. We have introduced the cloned terWZA-F genes from an uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolate into another clinical E. coli isolate that was shown to be ter-gene free. The presence of the introduced genes increased the level of potassium tellurite resistance, as well as the level of resistance to oxidative stress mediated by hydrogen peroxide; and prolonged the ability of particular strains to survive in macrophages. We therefore propose that the contribution of tellurite resistance genes to oxidative stress resistance in bacteria is at least one reason for their presence in the genomes of a broad range of pathogenic microorganisms.
Parental Involvement in Youth Court
Authors: Varma Kimberly N.
Published: May 2007

Parental involvement has been a cornerstone of Canadian youth justice legislation and has been given greater importance under the Youth Criminal Justice Act (2003). Given the importance of parental involvement, one would expect that parental attendance and participation in court hearings would have some influence on the outcome of youth court cases. This study explores parental involvement in youth court proceedings at bail and sentencing hearings. The findings suggest that the majority of parents attended court hearings, and the courts heard that many parents were involved in their child's life, but that this information did not relate to the outcome of the hearing, except in relation to supervision and living arrangements at bail hearings. There is also a suggestion from the qualitative comments made at hearings that judicial decision makers did take into account parental support in determining the outcome of a case, but the number of cases where parental support was discussed in court was insignificant. The importance of these findings will be discussed in relation to the expanded scope of the parental role under the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
La télésurveillance comme outil favorisant la participation sociale des personnes âgées à domicile
Authors: Garceau Mathieu , Vincent Claude , Robichaud Line
Published: May 2007

Little is known as yet about the impact of telesurveillance services on social participation. To document the interaction between telesurveillance services and social participation of the elderly living at home, a study was conducted in the context of a government call center employing nurses. A focus group study was realized with elders (n=4), caregivers (n=6), healthcare system practitioners and industry employees (n=7). A qualitative analysis was performed using the Disability Creation Process model and generally accepted criteria for evaluating telehealth interventions. The results showed, on the one hand, factors that facilitate the use of telesurveillance services (user's intellectual capabilities, acceptance of clinical settings, relevance of recommendations, cost of service, and accessibility) and, on the other, factors that reinforce such use (user behaviors; level of satisfaction; impact on informal caregiver; system's level of performance; technical features; and life-habit aspects such as personal transportation, sleep, housekeeping, personal care, interpersonal relationships, and recreational activities).
Cover Picture: Large‐Area 3D Nanostructures with Octagonal Quasicrystalline Symmetry via Phase‐Mask Lithography (Adv. Mater. 10/2007)
Authors: Bita I. , Choi T. , Walsh M. E. , Smith H. I. , Thomas E. L.
Published: May 2007

A novel method for producing large‐area 3D nanostructured quasicrystalline materials uses 2D multiple exposure lithography to produce an octagonal quasiperiodic surface‐relief template (background image). A replica in polydimethylsiloxane is then used as a phase mask to create 3D bicontinuous axial quasicrystalline SU‐8 epoxy nanostructures (see insets), as reported on p. 1403 by Ion Bita, Edwin Thomas, and co‐workers.
Heat convection from a sphere placed in a fluctuating free stream
Authors: Alassar R. S. , Badr H. M.
Published: May 2007

The effect of sinusoidal fluctuations superimposed on the average free‐stream velocity on mixed convection from a spherical particle is investigated. The parameters considered are the Reynolds number Re, Grashof number Gr, and the relative amplitude of fluctuations. The results indicate that due to the adverse pressure gradients created by the deceleration of the free‐stream, separation may occur at a Reynolds number well below that at which it occurs in uniform flow. The rising buoyancy currents, however, weaken and possibly destroy the formation of vortices at the rear stagnation point. The average Nusselt number is found to increase with the increase of the amplitude of the free stream fluctuations and with the increase of Gr/Re2, as along as the flow does not reverse its direction. The time and space averaged Nusselt number increases with Gr/Re2, with the effect of the amplitude of the free‐stream fluctuations becoming less pronounced at higher values of Gr/Re2. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Cation‐exchange kinetics and electrical conductivity studies of an ‘organic‐inorganic’ composite cation‐exchanger: Polypyrrole Th(IV) phosphate
Authors: Khan Asif Ali , Inamuddin
Published: May 2007

Polypyrrole Th(IV) phosphate, an electrically conducting ‘organic‐inorganic’ cation‐exchange composite material was prepared by the incorporation of an electrically conducting polymer, i.e., polypyrrole, into the matrix of a fibrous type inorganic cation‐exchanger thorium(IV) phosphate. The composite cation‐exchanger has been of interest because of its good ion‐exchange capacity, higher chemical and thermal stability, and high selectivity for heavy metal ions. The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity of this composite system with increasing temperatures was measured on compressed pellets by using four‐in‐line‐probe dc electrical conductivity measuring instrument. The conductivity values lie in the semiconducting region, i.e., in the order of 10−6 to 10−4 S cm−1 that follow the Arrhenius equation. Nernst–Plank equation has been applied to determine some kinetic parameters such as self‐diffusion coefficient (D0), energy of activation (Ea), and entropy of activation (ΔS*) for Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II) exchange with H+ at different temperatures on this composite material. These results are useful for predicting the ion‐exchange process occurring on the surface of this cation‐exchanger. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Preparation and antibacterial activity of PET/chitosan nanofibrous mats using an electrospinning technique
Authors: Jung Kyung‐Hye , Huh Man‐Woo , Meng Wan , Yuan Jiang , Hyun Seok Hee , Bae Jung‐Sook , Hudson Samuel M. , Kang Inn‐Kyu
Published: May 2007

The nanofiber deposition method, by electrospinning, was employed to introduce antibacterial activity and biocompatibility to the surface of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) textiles. The polymer blends of PET and chitosan were electrospun on to the PET micro‐nonwoven mats for biomedical applications. The PET/chitosan nanofibers were evenly deposited on to the surface, and the diameter of the nanofibers was in the range between 500 and 800 nm. The surface of the nanofibers was characterized using SEM, ESCA, AFM, and ATR‐FTIR. The wettability of the PET nanofibers was significantly enhanced by the incorporation of chitosan. The antibacterial activity of the samples was evaluated utilizing the colony counting method against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results indicated that the PET/chitosan nanofiber mats showed a significantly higher growth inhibition rate compared with the PET nanofiber control. In addition, the fibroblast cells adhered better to the PET/chitosan nanofibers than to the PET nanofibers mats, suggesting better tissue compatibility. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Flocculation properties and adsorption kinetics of cationic starches in kaolin suspensions
Authors: Chen Yanxiao , Liu Shaoying , Wang Gongying
Published: May 2007

The flocculation characteristics of cationic starches with degree of substitution (DS 0.32–0.63) have been evaluated in 1.0 wt % kaolin suspension by spectrophotometry and colloid titration. Cationic starch is found to be an effective flocculant for removal of anionic suspension particles. Changes in the electrokinetics of kaolin as a function of pH were investigated in the absence of flocculant. The results show that kaolin in water exhibits a negative surface charge at pH > 2.5. The negative hydrophilic surface sites of kaolin are responsible for the adsorption of cationic starch molecules. The experimental data of the adsorption of cationic starch (DS 0.51) follow a Langmuir isotherm with maximum adsorption capacities of 16.89 mg/g. For the adsorption of cationic starch, chemical reaction seems significant in the rate‐controlling step and the pseudosecond‐order chemical reaction kinetics provides the best correlation for the experimental data. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Miscibility characterization of SMA/SAN and SMA/PMMA blends by differential scanning calorimetry and fluorescence techniques
Authors: Fang Haixia , Mighri Frej , Ajji Abdellah
Published: May 2007

In this study, styrene‐maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer was modified by monoesterification method with 9‐(hydroxymethyl)anthracene fluorophore to prepare a fluorescent anthracene labeled SMA (SMA‐An) material. The latter was then characterized by attenuated total reflection (ATR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. In the second step of this work, SMA‐An was added to SMA/[Styrene‐Acrylonitrile Copolymer (SAN)] and SMA/[Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)] blends to investigate the miscibility of these blends at the molecular level. The miscibility of SMA/PMMA blends was characterized using fluorescence quenching of anthracene by the succinic anhydride and succinic acid functions on SMA macromolecule itself. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Polyarylacetylene blends with improved processability and high thermal stability
Authors: Wang Ming‐Cun , Zhao Tong
Published: May 2007

Novel binary blends of polyarylacetylene (PAA resin) with propargyl‐novoalc resin (PN resin) was prepared. The miscibility, processing capability, and thermal properties of the blends were investigated. The evaluation of the blends as matrice for thermostructural composites was also studied. The blends were highly miscible. In comparison to PAA resin, the blends exhibited remarkably improved processability suitable to various process techniques (especially resin transfer molding, RTM). By dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), it was revealed that the cured blends possessed high thermal stability. The blend with 1/2 PN content was evaluated as matrices. The high temperature mechanical properties of silica laminates were compared favorably with those of conventional phenolic laminate. When compared with pure PAA laminate, the blend matrix laminate exhibited improved mechanical properties at both ambient temperature and high temperature. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Alumina‐filled polystyrene micro‐ and nanocomposites prepared by melt mixing with and without latex precompounding: Structure and properties
Authors: Siengchin S. , Karger‐Kocsis J. , Thomann R.
Published: May 2007

Alumina fillers were incorporated in polystyrene (PS) in 4.5 wt % by melt blending with and without latex precompounding. Latex precompounding was used for the latex‐mediated predispersion of the alumina particles. The related masterbatch was produced by mixing PS latex with water dispersible boehmite alumina in various particle sizes followed by drying. The dispersion of the alumina in the PS was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM, respectively). The mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the PS composites were determined in uniaxial tensile, dynamic‐mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and short‐time creep tests performed at various temperatures. In addition, the melt flow of the composites was characterized in a plate/plate rheometer. It was found that direct melt mixing of the alumina with PS resulted in micro‐, whereas the masterbatch technique in nanocomposites. The stiffness and resistance to creep (summarized in master curves) of the nanocomposites were improved compared to those of the microcomposites. The properties of the composites were upgraded by decreasing nominal size of the water dispersible alumina. The preparation technique and the size of the alumina particles affected the tensile strength, melt viscosity, and heat distortion temperature in lesser extent than the stiffness and thus compliance data. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
X‐ray diffraction methods in the study of the effect of microwave heating on the transformation of cellulose I into cellulose II during mercerization
Authors: Moharram M. A. , Mahmoud Osama M.
Published: May 2007

X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used in the study of the effect of microwave (MW) heating on the structural properties of cotton celluloses I and II and on the mercerization mechanism of cotton fibers. Samples of celluloses I and II were MW heated at 900 W for different times ranging from 10 to 40 min. The obtained data revealed that MW heating of cellulose II in opened glass tubes produces no significant effects on the resolution of its XRD patterns, whereas the most evident effects occur when cotton fibers (cellulose I) are heated in opened tubes at 900 W for 10 and 20 min. Also, mixtures of cotton fibers and aqueous solution of NaOH with different concentrations were exposed to MW radiation for different times and different powers. It was found that MW heating has no considerable effects on the mechanism of transformation of cellulose I into cellulose II during mercerization. On the other hand, MW heating of cotton fibers during mercerization reduces the values of concentration of NaOH in the aqueous solution and the time of treatment that are needed for the complete transformation of cellulose lattice type I into cellulose lattice type II without any heating. Also it was found that the magnitude of reductions depends on the applied power. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
AeMg5In3 (Ae: Ba, Sr): New Intermetallic Compounds with Well‐Differentiated Roles for the Normal Cation Types.
Authors: Li Bin , Corbett John D.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Second‐Sphere Ligand‐Field Effects in Solid Solution of Anhydrous Transition‐Metal Phosphates.
Authors: Thauern H. , Glaum R.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nanoporous Crystal 12CaO×7Al2O3: A Playground for Studies of Ultraviolet Optical Absorption of Negative Ions.
Authors: Hayashi Katsuro , Sushko Peter V. , Munoz Ramo David , Shluger Alexander L. , Watauchi Satoshi , Tanaka Isao , Matsuishi Satoru , Hirano Masahiro , Hosono Hideo
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermodynamic Description of the Au—Si—Sn System.
Authors: Meng F. G. , Liu H. S. , Liu L. B. , Jin Z. P.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism of Np2O5.
Authors: Forbes Tori Z. , Burns Peter C. , Skanthakumar S. , Soderholm L.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
First Enantioselective Reductive Amination of α‐Fluoroenones.
Authors: Dutheuil Guillaume , Bailly Laetitia , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Pannecoucke Xavier
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Control of Diastereoselectivity in Tandem Asymmetric Reactions Generating Nonadjacent Stereocenters with Bifunctional Catalysis by Cinchona Alkaloids.
Authors: Wang Baomin , Wu Fanghui , Wang Yi , Liu Xiaofeng , Deng Li
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some 2‐(1‐Phenyl‐3‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐4H‐chromon‐4‐ones, 4‐(2‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐6‐(1‐phenyl‐3‐ (thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)pyrimidine‐2‐(1H)‐thione, 2‐(5‐(1‐Phenyl‐3‐ (thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)phenol and 2‐(2,3‐Dihydro‐2‐(1‐phenyl‐3‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)benzo[b] [1,4]thiazepin‐4‐yl)phenol.
Authors: More M. S. , Shingare M. S. , Kale S. B. , Dalvi N. R. , Karale B. K.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Small but Effective: Copper Hydride Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Hydroxyallenes.
Authors: Deutsch Carl , Lipshutz Bruce H. , Krause Norbert
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The First Example of 2,2‐Dilithiocyanocyclopropanes: Generation from 2‐Bromo‐2‐sulfinylcyanocyclopropanes with tert‐Butyllithium, Property, and a Synthesis of Fully Substituted Cyanocyclopropanes.
Authors: Fukushima Iori , Gouda Youhei , Satoh Tsuyoshi
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclopalladated Ferrocenylimines: Efficient Catalysts for Homocoupling and Sonogashira Reaction of Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Yang Fan , Cui Xiuling , Li Ya‐nan , Zhang Jinli , Gen Ge‐rui , Wu Yangjie
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Three‐Component Coupling Reactions of Thioformamides with Organolithium and a Grignard Reagents Leading to Formation of Tertiary Amines and a Thiolating Agent.
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Asai Fumio
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Iminoquinones from Anilines Using IBX in DMSO.
Authors: Ma Heng Chang , Jiang Xuan Zhen
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ytterbium Perfluorooctanesulfonate Catalyzed Synthesis of Acylals from Aldehydes and Acetic Anhydride in a Fluorous Biphasic System.
Authors: Yi Wen‐Bin , Yin Ya‐Qing , Cai Chun
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Cobalt(I)‐Catalyzed Reformatsky Reaction Using α‐Chloro Esters.
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Gualandi Alessandra , Pasi Filippo , Trombini Claudio
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring Expansion Reactions of 4‐Amino‐1,1‐dioxo‐[1,2,3,5]‐thiatriazoles.
Authors: Duggan Peter J. , Liepa Andris J. , O'Dea Laura K. , Tranberg C. Elisabet
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active 4,5‐Dihydroxy‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐1‐benzazepine Derivatives Utilizing Lipase‐Catalyzed Transesterification.
Authors: Ohtani Tadaaki , Kitano Kazuyoshi , Matsubara Jun , Kawano Yoshikazu , Komatsu Makoto , Uchida Minoru , Tabusa Fujio , Nagao Yoshimitsu
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Telomestatin Derivatives and Their Inhibitory Activity of Telomerase.
Authors: Tera Masayuki , Sohtome Yoshihiro , Ishizuka Hiromichi , Doi Takayuki , Takagi Motoki , Shin‐ya Kazuo , Nagasawa Kazuo
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nanometer Scale Carbon Structures for Charge‐Transfer Systems and Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Guldi Dirk M.
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Single‐Chain Magnets: Theoretical Approach and Experimental Systems
Authors: Coulon Claude , Miyasaka Hitoshi , Clerac Rodolphe
Published: May 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.