bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konsep Nilai Pendidikan dan Moderasi Beragama dalam QS. Al-Baqarah Ayat 143: Studi Komparatif Tafsir Katsir dan Tafsir Jalalain
Authors: Nurfitriah  , Gunawan Anjar  , Arman Paramansyah
Published: January 2025

This research aims to understand and analyze the concept of the value of education and religious moderation in Al-Baqarah verse 143 according to the interpretation of Ibn Katsir and the interpretation of Jalalain. Look for similarities and differences between the two. This research uses Syafrida’s method (2021) there are a comparative descriptive qualitative method with literature study, with data collection techniques namely through observation, library or literature study and documentation, and the data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions or verification. The results of this research are that the concept of educational values ​​and religious moderation in QS. Al-Baqarah verse 143 according to Jalalain's interpretation, including at-Tawassuth, al-I'tidal, at-Tasamuh, ash-Shura, al-Islah, al-Qudwah, al-Muwathanah, al-La 'Urf, al-I' tiraf bil Urf, a justice and development. As well as having similarities and differences, including, 1) National commitment can be instilled with multireligious and multicultural values, 2) Non-violence can be instilled through a gentle attitude, 3) An attitude of tolerance in QS. Al-Baqarah verse 143 provides an understanding of how to invite good and true Islam and 4) Acceptance of local traditions can be achieved through cultural acculturation such as activities that contain the values ​​of Islamic teachings in them.
PHILOSOPHICAL AND HUMANISTIC FOUNDATIONS OF CIVILISATIONIN THE WORKS OF ABU HAYYAN AL-TAWHIDI
Authors: KAMALETDINOVA A.YA.
Published: January 2025

This article continues the series of publications devoted to the consideration of the civilisational approach and the essence of individual civilisations. We offer the reader a brief summary of the main provisions characterising the Persian civilisation, the uniqueness of which was later recognised by Western and Russian researchers. The uniqueness of the Persian civilisation lay in the peculiarities of the world outlook (the priority of Law over philosophy, Arabic grammar over logic), in the specificity of the attitude to man and other peoples, and in the state and social structure.
Seminar and Workshop on Making Centing Sukaliya (Prevent Stunting Together with Soybean Milk and Aloe Vera) and Its Utilization for Preventing Stunting in Toddlers in Demakan Village, Mojolaban Subdistrict, Sukoharjo Regency
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto
Published: January 2025

Stunting is a condition of malnutrition that is related to insufficient nutrition, so it is a chronic nutritional problem. This chronic condition requires efforts to prevent stunting, many programs and products to minimize the increase in the incidence of stunting in Indonesia. Aloe vera (Aloe vera) and soybeans are plants that have the potential to be used as food ingredients to prevent stunting because they contain nutrients, namely protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B1. The intended targets were mothers of toddlers at mangosteen posyandu 1 Demakan Village, Mojolaban Village, Sukoharjo Regency. Based on the results of the product liking assessment, it was found that the audience liked the product given, namely aloe vera soy milk. Based on the results of the pretest and posttest, it can be concluded that the audience's insight increased from before the counseling was carried out and after the counseling was carried out.
Penanganan Food Waste serta Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan dan Gizi melalui Pemberdayaan TP-PKK Desa Jujun
Authors: Asparian Asparian , Mawarti perdana Silvia , Kasyani Kasyani , Ningsih Vinna Rahayu , Lesmana Oka , Minapo Achmad Shiddiq
Published: January 2025

Sampah makanan menyebabkan pemborosan pangan dan menimbulkan masalah kesehatan lingkungan di masyarakat. Data Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional Tahun 2023 menunjukkan komposisi sampah tertinggi di Provinsi Jambi berasal dari sampah sisa makanan sebesar 60,5% yang jika tidak ditangani dengan segera berpotensi meningkatkan kerawanan pangan dan gizi. Desa Jujun sebagai salah satu Desa Laboratorium Terpadu Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (DLT MBKM) memiliki masalah tumpukan sampah makanan yang salah satu penyebabnya adalah pasar mingguan yang dikenal dengan pasar (balai) selasa. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi masalah food waste serta meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan gizi dengan memberdayakan TP-PKK Desa Jujun. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, sasaran TP-PKK diberikan edukasi kesehatan dan demonstrasi terkait cara menangani sampah makanan menggunakan prinsip reduce (penerapan food preparation untuk penyimpanan pangan keluarga), reuse (mengolah cireng dari nasi sisa), dan recycle (membuat keranjang pengolahan sampah organik dari dapur keluarga). Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan sasaran sebelum (skor = 26,7) dan setelah (skor = 43,3) diberikan materi edukasi (Sig.<0,05). Diperlukan pembiasaan penanganan sampah makanan guna meningkatkan ketahanan pangandan gizi keluarga dengan prinsip reduce, reuse, dan recycle.
Edukasi dan Pembinaan Pemeriksaan Golongan Darah Serta Apusan Darah Tepi Pada Siswa SMA di Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Amelia Ria , Sari Elfira maya , Inggraini Maulin , Ilsan Noor Andryan
Published: January 2025

Pengamatan sel menggunakan mikroskop dan pewarisan sifat berdasarkan golongan darah ABO merupakan salah satu materi pembelajaran siswa SMA di pelajaran biologi. Namun, tidak semua sekolah memiliki alat mikroskop dan kit golongan darah sebagai alat dan bahan penunjang keterampilan siswa dalan pengamatan sel dan deteksi golongan darah. Sel darah merupakan salah satu sel yang dapat dijadikan contoh kedua pembelajaran tersebut. Pemenuhan kompetensi tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan prosedur kedua pemeriksaan tersebut melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat pada siswa SMA. Tujuan PKM ini memberikan edukasi dan pelatihan pemeriksaan golongan darah dan apusan darah tepi pada siswa SMA di Kabupaten Bekasi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di STIKes Mitra Keluarga dengan jumlah peserta siswa sebanyak 28 yang berasal dari 10 SMA di Kabupaten Bekasi. Tahap kegiatan ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji deskriptif dan komparatif 2 sampel menggunakan uji T-Tes berpasangan (paired t-test). Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan peserta perempuan berjumlah 24 (85.7%) orang sedangkan laki-laki berjumlah 4 (14,3%) orang. Nilai rata-rata pre-test sebesar 6.54 sedangkan post-test sebesar 8,32. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan sebesar 12%. Hasil uji T-test berpasangan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaansecara nyata antara nilai pre-test dan post-test dengan nilai signikansi sebesar (0,001<0,05). Kegiatan pemeriksaan golongan darah dan apusan darah tepi seluruh responden (100%) mengisi mendapatkan pengalaman baru. Kesimpulan dari PKM ini adalah peserta merasa puas terhadap pelatihan dan keterbaruan ilmu yang diberikan.
Evaluation of the reality of electronic banking services provided by banks operating in the city of Nasiriya from the users' point of view of these services.
Authors: Khalaf Gatea DR. Ali , Muzeal Wafaa Chetheer
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to identify the level and reality of electronic banking services provided by banks operating in the city of Nasiriya through a survey of the opinions of users of these services and thus to know the level of their satisfaction with the electronic banking services provided by the branches of banks operating in the city of Nasiriya, which are (Rafidain Bank, Rashid Bank and the Iraqi Trade Bank), as the study community consisted of customers of these banks and those dealing with electronic banking services. The descriptive analytical approach was used to evaluate the quality of electronic banking services provided by the banks surveyed by designing and distributing a questionnaire form to the target sample to measure the degree of quality of services, their type, and the difficulties facing electronic banking work, where the data extracted from the questionnaire form were studied and analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS). After analyzing this data, the research reached a set of results, the most important of which was the poor quality of electronic banking services provided by banks operating in the city of Nasiriya. Thus, they are below the required level compared to the electronic banking services provided by local and international banks and other competing banks. In light of these results, recommendations were made, the most important of which was for the banks in the research sample to work on raising the level of quality of services Electronic banking by developing and improving its websites and enabling customers to deal with them flexibly, as well as working to increase customers' confidence in electronic services and improve them in quantity and quality.
Left On Top: Women World Leaders & Political Ideologies
Authors: Woo Yewon
Published: January 2025

In the past 10 years, women have significantly increased representation in many sectors of the working field [ 1 ]. Yet, one field in specific, the political field, continues to show an overwhelming lack of female representation. Whereas women are exponentially showing interest in political leadership positions, the percentage of women who hold these positions have only slightly increased to a small minority of 26 percent [ 2 ]. Thus, it is important to examine the factors contributing to a woman’s entrance into a political leadership position. Because each country offers many different political positions, this paper narrows the data by focusing on the highest and most powerful level of political office that a person can hold in each country, whether that be head of state (President), or head of government (Prime Minister). Since there has been heavy research already done regarding social and economic factors influencing women’s empowerment, this paper examines a political factor, or more specifically, the political leaning of the office’s predecessors. All the female heads of state and government in history were listed by country, and each of the female leader’s predecessors were categorized into a political leaning (left, center, right, other). Each country was assigned a “left percentage,” or percentage of left leaning predecessors for each female leader. With more women as world leaders, the world can expect to see the benefits of poverty reduction, economic progress, and increase of public assistance programs.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Interaction with Drugs
Authors: Alagar Ramanujam Sridhar , Appavu Rajagopal , Kethar Jothsna
Published: January 2025

Recently, people have been tackling a new problem in healthcare: antimicrobial resistance. Due to drug use (more specifically, drug misuse) in the previous years, bacteria have developed a resistance to modern drugs. Antimicrobial resistance makes current drugs less helpful in fighting certain types of bacteria. This study navigates on the description of antimicrobial resistance, its effects, and its solutions. Understanding Antimicrobial Resistance reveals mechanisms that microorganisms employ to render antimicrobial agents impotent. Understanding this knowledge can help make drugs more effective not only in the present but also in the future. Factors influencing antimicrobial resistance, including antibiotic misuse and horizontal gene transfer, reveal insights into the evolutionary arms race between microbes and drugs. Exploring molecular interactions between organisms and drugs can reveal the complex relationship between antimicrobial agents and pathogens. Consequences of antimicrobial resistance and strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance is another aspect that assesses the impact on patient outcomes, healthcare expenditure, and societal well-being. Approaches in drug development are from the topics of genomics, proteomics, and structural biology to increase the effectiveness of drugs. In conclusion, understanding the relationship between drugs and microorganisms lays the foundation for innovative drug development and strategies to preserve antimicrobial efficacy. Understanding this knowledge will not only help us now but will safeguard the role of drugs in the future.
Modeling Continuous Water Quality in Real-Time with IoT and an Arduino Kit
Authors: Rehman Sania , Vinton Denise
Published: January 2025

Quality water is essential to many aspects of life including agriculture, industry, and the economy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), poor water quality is the root cause of 80 percent of the diseases in the world. In addition to supporting the health of people, the quality of water is one of the most important factors in a healthy ecosystem that supports a diversity of plants and wildlife. It is therefore imperative for us to continue to monitor the quality of our water supply. Some of the current methods for tracking water quality involve labor-intensive processes that can be expensive, time-consuming, and prone to data errors. As a result, this project aims to see if modern-day open-source technology can be deployed to make the process of water quality monitoring more effective and efficient by designing a proof-of-concept that visually depicts a water quality index (WQI) in real-time. The method used was to collect sample data from Fellows Lake in Missouri using Arduino sensors, IoT and then to use Python to compute an arithmetic WQI based on various water quality parameters. The results of the data indicated a WQI score of 70.14, which can be categorized as poor water quality. This proof-of-concept project demonstrates that water quality monitoring can be done by using modern-day open-source technology. While more research is needed, this new method for tracking water quality could be a game changer in terms of how and where we can track water quality.
Climate Change Solutions: National Parks
Authors: Shim David
Published: January 2025

Climate change has become an increasingly pressing issue. In spite of this, climate change education continues to fall short of the urgent need. National parks are the perfect place to raise awareness and reduce climate change overall due to their 300 million visitors each year. Not only do they provide a unique public space with the opportunity to educate and inform a wide variety of people spanning socioeconomic, ethnic, religious, and geographic groups, but they also allow for a vital tactic in teaching: place-based education. Place-based education is the process of using the local environment as a starting point to teach concepts, which is perfect for National parks as they are directly involved with climate and environmental factors. To determine the best strategies for education, I will explore each of the 63 national park websites in the U.S. using place-based education. I will also interview a minimum of ten people, each from different national parks spanning various geographic regions. Professors at place-based education universities will also be contacted and interviewed. The end goal is to consolidate the best education methods to highlight the most important practices and contribute to continued improvements in methods for educating the general public regarding climate change. As it currently stands, we do not have consolidated information on practices and challenges related to education on climate change in national parks or similar politically neutral and non-academic settings. This analysis will thus try to create a framework to better understand climate change education in these settings.
Instrumentalizing Justice: Forms and Impacts of Criminal Justice Abuse in Russia
Authors:   Eurasia Institutes, Terzyan Aram
Published: January 2025

The abuse of criminal justice as a tool for repression is a hallmark of authoritarian regimes, with Russia serving as a compelling case study. This paper explores the evolution of criminal justice abuse in Russia, focusing on key mechanisms such as selective law enforcement, the erosion of judicial independence, and the strategic use of ambiguous legal provisions. High-profile cases, including those of Sergei Magnitsky and Alexei Navalny, highlight the regime's deliberate use of the judiciary to silence dissent, instill fear, and consolidate state power. The discussion extends to broader societal impacts, such as the fragmentation of civil society, suppression of independent media, and marginalization of minority groups. By leveraging criminal justice systems as instruments of control, the Kremlin has institutionalized authoritarian governance, leaving profound consequences for societal cohesion and human rights.
KELUARGA BERENCANA (KB) MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM MEMBINA KELUARGA SAKINAH (STUDI KASUS DI DESA BLANG CRUM KECAMATAN MUARA DUA KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE)
Authors: Janiati Cut
Published: January 2025

The Family Planning Program (KB) according to Islamic law is permissible (Mubah) if it is carried out as a form of family birth control/sparing births or a temporary pregnancy prevention effort in connection with special situations and conditions for the benefit of the family concerned or for the benefit of the people. Furthermore, the Family Planning (KB) program is illegal (Haram) if the goal is to limit a certain number of families/children, for example two or three children for each family in all situations and conditions without exception. This study examines the causative factors that cause the people of BlangCrum Village, Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City to participate in the Family Planning (KB) program, using qualitative research using library research and field research methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the factors causing the people of BlangCrum Village, Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City to participate in the Family Planning (KB) program are as follows: Practicality because they are busy with work, maternal and child health, family economic ability, religious interests, desire to raise children well and psychological factors.The Family Planning Program (KB) which is participated in by residents of BlangCrum Village, Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City, has implications for fostering a sakinah family in the village, namely; improving maternal health and harmonious marital relations, influencing children's intelligence and health, fulfilling care and affection for children and achieving well-being of life.
Rotura esplénica espontánea posterior a estudios endoscópicos: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Patiño-Franco Sara , Jaramillo-Escobar Sergio Luis , Neira-Rincón Miguel Andrés , Mendoza-Arango María Clara
Published: January 2025

Los estudios endoscópicos, en la actualidad, se caracterizan por ser métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos mínimamente invasivos, que permiten el manejo de un amplio número de patologías y que de la mano de un buen operador presentan pocas complicaciones. La rotura esplénica tanto traumática como espontánea es una entidad poco frecuente, asociada principalmente a traumatismos abdominales o esplenomegalia debido a enfermedades hematológicas respectivamente. La rotura esplénica secundaria a estudios endoscópicos es una complicación con una mortalidad cercana al 5%, de la cual se han reportado solo 100 casos hasta la fecha, ninguno de ellos en Colombia. A continuación, se presenta el caso de un paciente que posterior a una endoscopia digestiva superior y colonoscopia presentó una rotura esplénica, en quien fue fallido el manejo no operatorio propuesto inicialmente, requiriendo esplenectomía emergente, con resultados satisfactorios.
Impact of Trenching on Root Loss and Tree Stability
Authors: Miesbauer Jason W. , Koeser Andrew K. , Kane Brian
Published: January 2025

Background

Urban trees are commonly impacted by construction activities. Often, damage occurs below ground, as trenching, grading, and excavation activities disrupt tree root systems.

Methods

In this study, 30Acer rubrumL. were intentionally damaged by simulated trenching treatments. Treatments were randomly assigned at 1× (n= 10), 3× (n= 10), or 5× (n= 10) stem diameter away from the base of the tree. Root systems and severed roots were excavated, cleaned, and digitized using photogrammetry to assess losses in root volume. This measure, as well as changes in bending stress, were compared among the 3 treatments.

Results

The 1× and 3× treatments exhibited the highest bending stress loss (%), correlating with the highest observed root loss. A positive relationship was noted between root volume loss and bending stress reduction (r2= 0.5466).

Conclusions

These results support previous studies that utilized similar trenching treatments on different tree species.
Study of Ammonium Adsorption Mechanism in Hydrothermalized Pahae Natural Zeolites: Kinetic and Isotherm Adsorption, and Thermodynamics
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Andriayani Andriayani , Sihombing Yuan Alfinsyah , Saragi Indah Revita , Masruchin Nanang , Nuryawan Arif , Irma Mutia
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on the effectiveness of hydrothermalized natural zeolite from Pahae, North Sumatera to remove ammonium ion and analysis the kinetics models of the zeolite adsorption ability, such as isothermic and kinetics adsorption; thermodynamics as well as desorption-regeneration studies. Our findings have demonstrated that natural zeolite shows good performance in terms of for ammonium removal up to 97 % depending on contact time, zeolite loading, initial ammonium concentration and pH. The adsorption kinetics is best estimated by the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the adsorption isotherm results indicated that Freundlich model provides the best fit for the equilibrium data. Furthermore, with regard to thermodynamic parameters, Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), −19.52 kJ/mol at 25 °C, −20.45 kJ/mol at 35 °C and −22.91 kJ/mol at 45 °C, is negative due to the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process, whereas the enthalpy change (ΔH°), the energy of 30.96 kJ/mol is positive, suggesting endothermic adsorption process. The entropy change (ΔS°), 0.169 kJ/(mol/K) at 25 °C is also positive, indicating an increase of randomness at the solid-solution interface during adsorption. In addition, the desorption-regeneration studies demonstrated that desorption of ammonium on zeolite is sufficiently high using NaCl solutions.
HIGHLIGHTS

Natural zeolite and hydrothermal-activated zeolite were used to remove ammonium.
The hydrothermal-activated zeolite shows good performance for ammonium removal with up to 79 %.
The performance depends on the contact time, zeolite loading, initial ammonium concentration and pH.
The adsorption kinetics is best approximated by the pseudo-second-order model.
Freundlich model provides the best fit for the adsorption isotherm result.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
WAYS TO OVERCOME INTERCULTURAL BARRIERS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Z. A. Kemelbekova  , M. E. Kazybay  , S. Y. Yessenaman  , X. S. Degtyareva
Published: January 2025

This article presents ways to overcome intercultural barriers in the English language classroom through designing additional teaching materials about British culture. The article presents the results of a pedagogical experiment on the implementation of these materials into the educational process. The experiment involved 10th grade students and English teachers from Gymnasium 147 in Almaty. The following themes were tested during the experiment: «Eating in Britain», «Holidays», «Modern families», «Making friends with Westerns», «Art connects people from different cultures». The elaboration of supplementary materials was carried out taking into account the level, age, needs and interests of the pupils. Modern methods and approaches such as «Flipped classroom», «Project technology», and «Role play» were used to overcome intercultural barriers in English lessons. During the conducted pedagogical experiment we can note that the more students are exposed to a foreign language culture, the more naturally they communicate with foreigners. Moreover, knowledge of the culture of the country of the target language enables students to think in a foreign language.
Keywords: foreign language education, culture and language, intercultural communicative competence, mediator of intercultural communication, modern approaches and methods, intercultural barriers
ҚАЗАҚ АҒАРТУШЫЛАРЫ ЕҢБЕКТЕРІНДЕГІ РУХАНИ-АДАМГЕРШІЛІК ҚҰНДЫЛЫҚТАР
Authors: А. Қ. Нұрбанова
Published: January 2025

Бұл мақалада бірегей рухани мазмұны мен этикалық-эстетикалық ерекшеліктері бар қазақ мәдениетін жаңарту процесі талданады. Мақала авторлары адамгершілік мәселелеріне жүгіну, оларды түсіну және қазақ халқының руханиятын жаңғырту қазіргі Қазақстанның өзекті міндеттерінің бірі деп санайды. Кеңестік кезең туралы айтылмаған қазақ ойшылдарының тамаша галактикасының этикалық мұрасы сараланады. Авторлар қазақтардың философиялық этикасы бір орында тұрмағанын көрсетеді: әлеуметтік-мәдени контекст өзгерді, онымен бірге өз заманының сын-тегеуріндеріне жауап бере отырып, философиялық-этикалық ой өзгерді және дамыды. Қазақ ойшылдарының философиялық шығармашылығының қалыптасуы мен дамуының негізгі кезеңдері өз халқының тағдырын жақсы жаққа өзгертуге ұмтылған жаңа қағидаттар мен идеяларды ұсынумен байланысты болды. Қазақ философиялық этикасы өзінің ерекше ұлттық сипатын жауаптарда емес, сұрақтар қоюда, проблематиканы таңдауда алады. Адамның құндылық бағдарларының негізі белгілі бір құндылық жүйесі болып табылады, оның ішінде адам санасында тұлғаны қоршаған әлеммен таныстыру процесінде қалыптасқан моральдық құндылықтардан тұрады. Мақалада қазақ жазушы-ойшылдары ұлттық дәстүр үшін ғана емес, әлемдік этикалық ойдың қазынасын толықтыра отырып, оның шегінен асып түсетін күрделі экзистенциалдық мәселелерді тұжырымдады деген қорытындыға келеді.
Кілтті сөздер: этикалық ой, қазақ халқы, руханият, жаңғыру, адамгершілік, зияткерлік мәдениет.
KAZAKH CHILDREN’S POETRY IN 1950-60 AND A. SOPYBEKOV’S LITERARY REPERTOIRE
Authors: Sh. S. Abisheva  , S. Kh. Yussimbayeva  , A. B. Dosybayeva  , B. A. Koshimova
Published: January 2025

This article examines the trends in the development of Kazakh children’s literature in the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on its thematic and ideological orientation. It also delves into the creative world of poet Adyrbek Sopybekov, whose significant contributions to the field are explored. The author analyzes fantastic poems and other selected works by A. Sopybekov, considered the best examples of children’s poetry, and paying close attention on their thematic, ideological features, and artistic aspects. Children’s poetry during the years of national independence remains a relatively understudied topic. Examining the creative laboratory of poets who have worked significantly in this direction, and thereby studying the direction and nature of modern children’s poetry, drawing conclusions about thematic and ideological features, artistic aspects, is one of the urgent tasks facing the science of national literary studies. While valuable insights into Adyrbek Sopybekov’s children’s works have appeared in the press, a dedicated, comprehensive analysis of his creative portrait within the framework of Kazakh literary studies is still lacking. This article aims to address this gap by offering a broader differentiation of the poet’s work, thereby assessing his characteristic style, his methods of conveying artistic ideas to children, and the educational value inherent in his writing. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate A. Sopybekov’s contributions to Kazakh children’s literature of the 1950s and 1960s and to gain a deeper understanding of his poetic skill.
Keywords: children’s literature, poetry, poem, education, national values, artistic pursuits.
KAZAKH GRAMMATOLOGY: А. BAITURSYNULY’S LEGACY IN NATIONAL WRITING AND LITERACY "
Authors: U. Anarbekova  , A. Salkynbay
Published: January 2025

This article delves into the significant contributions of Аkhmet Baitursynuly, a prominent Kazakh linguist, to the field of Kazakh linguistics, with a specific focus on Kazakh writing and literacy. The selection of this topic is driven by three key reasons. Firstly, the contemporary relevance of Kazakh writing is paramount, as since 2017, the Republic of Kazakhstan has undertaken an initiative to transition its writing system from Cyrillic to Latin script. Consequently, various issues pertaining to Kazakh writing, including the Kazakh alphabet and orthography, have arisen, leading researchers to explore the origins of the Kazakh national alphabet, which, in this context, is attributed to Akhmet Baitursynuly. This aligns with our second reason, as the previous year marked the 150th anniversary of Akhmet Baitursynuly, an occasion that has been commemorated at the international level by UNESCO. Lastly, our article is closely connected to the theme of our doctoral dissertation, and while it primarily serves as a review article, it encompasses the findings of a survey conducted to gain deeper insights into the research topic.
Keywords: Kazakh writing, Akhmet Baitursynuly, Kazakh alphabet, national writing, literacy
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF REVEALING THE IMAGE IN THE DIDACTIC POEMS OF MASHKHUR ZHUSSIP
Authors: А. Y. Yerlanova  , M. N. Baratova
Published: January 2025

The article discusses images in the works of Mashkhur Zhussip Kopeyev and their creation on the basis of didactic poems. To date, the works of the poet have been studied in the works of K. P. Zhussip,
S. N. Sutzhanov, N. K. Zhussupov, A. K. Turyshev, S. Negimov,
E. K. Zhussupov, M. N. Baratova in terms of genre, style, continuation of traditions, oriental motif, theme and Idea, language of artistic work, but the development of a system of images in the poet’s poems, characterization of the performance was not fully considered. This constitutes the relevance of the article. The above-mentioned study belongs to the justification of our scientific article.
The purpose of the article is to identify the function of didactic poems in creating images. To achieve the goal, the task was to analyze the content of didactic poems, dialogue and monologues on the way to creating images, and analyze artistic means that increase the aesthetic value of the work. In the process of identifying images, their classification by literary and artistic methods and methods of creation was taken into account.
Hermeneutic and structural methods were used in the article.
The practical significance of the work is addressed to researchers, students of philology specialties of higher educational institutions, as well as to all readers of literature. The results of the study can be used in the disciplines of the University’s literary theory, Kazakh literature of the early twentieth century, introduction to literary studies, Mashkhur studies, literary local lore.
Key words: poetics, didactic poems, image, allusion, revival, aesthetic information, national cognition, typical character.
СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПОСЛОВИЦ С КОМПОНЕНТОМ «ВРАГ» НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОГО И ГРУЗИНСКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ
Authors: М. Г. Церцвадзе
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена анализу, сопоставлению смысловой структуры лексемы «враг» в русской и грузинской пословичных картинах мира. Научная новизна настоящей статьи заключается в том, что впервые предпринимается попытка сделать сопоставительный анализ русских и грузинских пословиц с компонентом «враг» в лингвокультурологическом аспекте.Объектом исследования являются пословицы и поговорки с компонентом «враг». Предметом исследования являются семантика и структура значения лексемы «враг» в русском и грузинском языках.
Материалом для исследования послужили паремические выражения (единицы) русского и грузинского языков (110 в русском языке и 67 в грузинском языке). Источником материалов послужили: 1) «Сборник грузинских пословиц» Т. Сахокия; 2) Русские пословицы и поговорки из изданий В. И. Даля «Пословицы русского народа»; данные толковых, синонимичных словарей.
В процессе работы применялись следующие методы исследования: метод семантического анализа, метод паремиологического анализа, приемы дефиниционного анализа, сопоставительный метод и методика концептуального анализа.
Проведенное исследование позволило авторам работы выявить универсальные и специфические особенности функционирования лексемы «враг» в анализируемых языках.
Ключевые слова: лексема, дефиниция, семантические группы, синонимы, пословицы и поговорки, язык.
А. Сейдімбектің шығармашылық ғұмырнамасы
Authors: Б. Т. Тлеубекова  , Ж. Қ. Сағынтаева  , Ә. П. Шаһарман
Published: January 2025

Қазақ сөз өнерінің тарихында тарихи-танымдық, этнографиялық шығармаларды жазу дәстүрі ежелгі дәуірден бастау алады. Белгілі зерттеуші ғалым Ақселеу Сланұлы Сейдімбек көптеген жылдар бойы зерттеп, оқырмандарға ұсынған күй өнерін (аспаптық музыкалық композиция) жан-жақты зерттеуді аяқтады. Автор қазақ халқының әдеби мұрасын тарихи және этнографиялық тұрғыда қазақ халқының рухында талдайды, олардың қалыптасу тәсілдерін, әлеуметтік өмірін және табиғи әдеттерін нақты дәлелдерге сүйене отырып талдайды. Қазақ музыкалық мәдениетіндегі ең эмпирикалық материал алғаш рет рухани революция болып табылады, ал көптеген халық композиторларының өмірі мен шығармашылығы жаңа мәліметтерге негізделген. Жазушының ойлары жақсы ғылыми дәлелдерге толы. Прозашы жазған ғылыми-эстетикалық романды зерттеу маңызды. Бұл жазушының ата-бабаларының дәстүрлерін түсіндіру бойынша тарихи, танымдық жұмысының құнды мұрасы. «Қазақтар әлемі» («Мир казахов») кітабының авторы да деректі прозаның мәдени-эстетикалық сипатының көркемдік сапасын көрсетеді. Халық аңыздарын, салт-дәстүрлерін ұйымдастырады. Халық қолөнері, музыкалық аспаптар, ұлттық аңшылық, өнер шеберлері және т.б. – барлығы тарихи сана жүйесімен байланысты. Сонымен қатар түркі халықтарының мәдениеті, өзара байланысы, үндестігі жүйелі түрде жарияланып тұрады. Жазушы-ғалымның «Қазақтар әлемі» («Мир казахов») кітабына ұлттық тарихтың маңызды дәстүрлері енгізілген.
Кілтті сөздер: күй өнері, ұлттық этнография, әдеби-ағартушылық қызмет, фольклор, эпикалық сага, халық музыкасы.
І. ЕСЕНБЕРЛИННІҢ «ҚАҺАР» РОМАНЫНДАҒЫ ФОЛЬКЛОРЛЫҚ САРЫНДАР
Authors: Қ. Т. Жанұзақова  , Р. Ә. Құраған  , М. Қ. Ахетов
Published: January 2025

І. Есенберлин - проза саласында аса жемісті еңбек етіп, артына мол мұра қалдырған туысы бөлек қаламгер. І. Есенберлиннің «Қаһар» романында кеңінен қолданылған фольклорлық оқиғалар туындының көркемдік әлемінде салмақты орын алады. Жазушы қазақ халқының танымына сай оқиғаларды романның өн бойына шебер өреді. Мақалада көрнекті жазушы І. Есенберлиннің «Қаһар» романындағы фольклорлық сарын мәселесі, ауыз әдебиетіндегі бейнелер, архетиптер мен сюжеттік желілер қарастырылады. «Қаһар» романында тарихи фактілерге негізделген сюжет арқауында кейіпкерлердің жан-жақты ішкі және сыртқы қарама-қайшылыққа толы тұлғалар екендігі көрсетіледі.
Романда кездескен көне фольклор көріністері, мифтік нанымдар, сараланып, өз кезегінде аңыз-әңгімелерге талдау жасалды. Қазақ халық ауыз әдебиетінде сақталған түс жору сарыны да сараланды. Жазушы «Көшпенділер» трилогиясында Шыңғыс хан әулетінің салт-дәстүрін бейнелеу үшін аңыздарды көп қолданған. Аңыздар шығармада орынды қолданылып, әрқайсысына түсінік беріледі. «Қаһар» романында «Абылайдың түсі», «Кенесарының түсі» атты аңыздардың, мифтік элементтердің, жалпы фольклорлық сарынның көріністері шығарма идеясын айқындауда ерекше қызмет атқарғаны анықталады. Тарихи туындыларда ел аузындағы деректер арқылы, ұрпақтан-ұрпаққа жетіп, көпшілікке танылған айтулы тұлғалардың бейнелерін қайта жаңғырту үрдісі жиі кездеседі. Сонымен қатар бұл мақалада «Қаһар» романының көркемдік ерекшеліктеріне талдау жасалады.
Кілтті сөздер: тарихи роман, фольклорлық сарын, архетип, мінез-құлық, ауыз әдебиеті, трилогия, сюжет.
НӘЗИПА ҚҰЛЖАНОВА ӘҢГІМЕСІНДЕГІ ӘЙЕЛ БЕЙНЕСІ
Authors: А. Б. Төлеу  , Г. Р. Сәулембек
Published: January 2025

Мақалада қазақ әдебиетіндегі әйел жазушы жазған тұңғыш прозалық шығарма әдебиеттанудағы гендерлік зерттеулер аясында алғаш рет сараланды. Нәзипа Құлжанованың «Маржан» әңгімесі әйел тақырыбына жазылған басқа авторлардың, атап айтқанда Міржақып Дулатовтың «Бақытсыз Жамал», Сұлтанмахмұт Торайғыровтың «Қамар сұлу» шығармаларындағы кейіпкерлердің мінезіндегі айырмашылықтар, ортақ қасиеттері салыстырмалы талдау арқылы гендердік және феминистік сын тұрғысынан қарастырылады..
Нәзипа Құлжанованың қазақ әйелінің бостандығы мен еркіндігі тақырыбында әңгіме жазуына түрткі болған сол кездегі саяси жағдайлар мен ресми құжаттар да мақалада көрсетілді. Қазақ жазушы әйелдері тарпынан жазылған тұңғыш шығарма – «Маржан» әңгімесіндегі әйелдің жыныстық обьектіге айналуы, отбасылық және репродуктивтік міндеттерінің көрініс табуы гиносын тұрғысынан жаңа бағытта талданды. Кейіпкердің дүниені қабылдауы, иррационалды және эмоцианалды ерекшеліктері теориялық тұрғыда қарастырылды.
Кілтті сөздер: феминизм, гиносын, гендерлік зерттеулер, жазушы әйелдер шығармасы, фемининдік сын, әдебиеттанудағы феминистік бағыт, алғашқы проза
ПАРЕМИОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ СӨЗДІК ҚОРДЫҢ ЗАМАНАУИ КӨРІНІСІ
Authors: А. Ш. Кабжанова  , Қ. С. Ерғалиев  , М. А. Уайханова
Published: January 2025

Мақалада қазақ халқының асыл да бай мұрасы – паремиологияның заманға сай өзгеріске түсуі қарастырылады. Оның мән-мағынасын ашу барысында ғалымдардың пікірлеріне шолу жасалады, яғни лингвомәдениеттану саласы бағытында баспа бетін көрген шетелдік және отандық ғалымдардың ғылыми ой-тұжырымдары сараланады. Тәжірибелік қыры интернет желісінен, түрлі сөздіктер мен көркем шығармалардан жинақталған тілдік деректерді талдау арқылы жүзеге асырылады.
Тіл білімінің лингвомәдениеттану саласы қазіргі таңда қарқынды дамып келе жатыр. Сондықтан да ол көптеген зерттеушілерге қызығушылық тудырып, түрлі аспектіде зерделену үстінде. Тіл және мәдениет тұтастығына негізделетін ұлттық дүниетанымның құрамдас бөлігі – паремиология екені анық.
Мақал-мәтелдер өзінің қалыптасу, даму жолымен, мән-мағыналық сипатымен ерекшеленетін лексикалық бірліктердің бірі болып табылады. Онда ұлттың мұң-мұқтажы мен тұрмыстық жағдайлары көрініс табады. Тілдің паремиологиялық қоры халықтың рухани өмірімен, өткен тарихымен тығыз байланысты және тілдегі ұлттық нақышты, дүниенің тілдік бейнесінің ұлттық ерекшелігін көрсетеді. Мақал-мәтелдер арқылы құндылықтарымыздың жаңаша қырдан, заманауи көзқараспен өзгеріске ұшырағаны байқалды.
Зерттеу жұмысында тілдік бірліктердің мағынасын ашуда лингвомәдени талдау, салыстырмалы әдіс, тілдік бірліктерді жинақтау, сипаттау, түсіндіру әдістері пайдаланылды.
Кілтті сөздер: паремиология, паремиологиялық сөздік қор, заманауи көрініс, лингвомәдени бірлік, лексикалық бірлік, ұлттық дүниетаным.
"DEVELOPING OUTCOME - BASED ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES CURRICULUM FOR CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY STUDENTS"
Authors: D. K. Raikhanova  , G. O. Seidaliyeva  , D. B. Ismailova
Published: January 2025

Intended learning outcome-based framework in higher education serves as both a theoretical foundation for curriculum design and a skills development tool. This article describes constructive alignment of the university, faculty, curriculum, course and lessons in order to create an effective framework of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) curriculum for Higher Education students who are majoring in chemistry and biology. The term constructive indicates that students are fully accountable for the information and abilities they have acquired. In turn, a teacher's responsibility is based on taking into account what students must learn in order to achieve learning outcomes. A suitable curriculum with sufficient learning opportunities can increase the likelihood that students will achieve desired outcomes. Thus, the article shows the role of the teacher who is directly responsible for leading this coordinated educational process such as implementation of all the values defined by the university, faculty, curriculum, and course through complicated forms and techniques of teaching, as well as the logical use of a system of technical means and visual aids.
Keywords: Intended Learning Outcomes (ILO), constructive alignment, curriculum, English for Specific Purposes (ESP), chemistry, biology
Acute recurrent pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis – retrospective data from a Czech tertiary pediatric center
Authors: Bajerová Kateřina , Hloušková Eliška , Homola Lukáš , Hrunka Matěj , Jabandžiev Petr , Dítě Petr
Published: January 2025

Summary: Introduction: Acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) do not frequently occur in the pediatric population. Data on Czech pediatric patients have not been published yet. Methods: We collected retrospective single-center data on patients diagnosed with ARP and CP at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno, from 2010 through 2021. Results: We identified 6 patients (3 boys; 50%) with ARP and 5 patients (4 boys; 80%) with CP. Genetic predisposition to chronic pancreatic disease was more frequent among children with ARP (5 out of 6; 83.3%) in contrast to CP (2 out of 5; 40%). Ultrasound was the predominant radiologic method to visualize the structural changes of the pancreatic tissue. The number of hospital admissions between ARP and CP groups did not differ: ARP median (IQR; min–max) 2 (1–3; 1–6) and 2 (1–6; 1–7) in CP, respectively. Pediatric patients with ARP in our cohort require a median (IQR; max) of 9.63 (7.00–11.88; 15.83) years in pediatric medical follow-up and CP patients require 3.83 (3.50–4.91; 5.17) years. Conclusion: We assume pediatric patients presenting with ARP or CP need multidisciplinary specialized care in pediatric gastroenterology centers.
Key words: pancreatitis – chronic pancreatitis – pediatric
Revision stapes surgery after otosclerosis
Authors: Souček Vratislav , Navara Michal , Zavázalová Šárka , Bouček Jan , Astl Jaromír
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Otosclerosis is a multifactorial disease, characterized by growth of abnormally changed bone in the otic capsule. The primary stapedotomy is an effective treatment of conductive hearing loss with a success rate of 72–94%. The aim of the study was to determine the success of revision surgery depending on the type of primary surgery and an overview of perioperative findings in connection with probable primary failure. Methods: 38 revisions indicated for otosclerosis after stapes surgery in 2001–2015 were included in the retrospective study. Air and bone conductive thresholds, pure tone average (PTA), air-bone gap (ABG) at 500–2,000 Hz, as well as speech recognition threshold (SRT) were evaluated, and results were compared preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: ABG closure under 20 dB was achieved in 30 (78.9%) out of 38 patients with an average improvement in postoperative PTA of 15 dB. Twenty-three patients (61.5%) had SRT improved after surgery by more than 10 dB, but only 13 improved by more than 20 dB. After dividing the group according to previous performance, ABG closure to 20 dB was achieved in 100% revisions after previous stapedectomy with Schuknecht prosthesis (N = 12); in 69.6% (17 cases), revisions after stapedotomy were done with piston insertion (N = 24). Five patients (20.8%) had slightly impaired hearing postoperatively. The most common perioperative finding was a dislocated prosthesis in 12 cases (25.5%) and adhesions of the long process of the incus (DVK) with fixation to the middle ear cavity in 6 cases (12.8%). DVK erosion was present in 5 patients (10.6%). Conclusion: Success of revision surgery depends on the type of previous performance. Due to the difficulty, reduced success rate, and increased risks of surgery, it should be performed by an experienced surgeon.

Keywords:
revision – stapes surgery – stapedotomy – stapedectomy – stapes prosthesis – otosclerosis
The Facile One–Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterizations of Heulandite/NiO Nanocomposite
Authors: Anand Wadhave  , Vijaypal Wadhave  , Praful Shirbhate
Published: January 2025

In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of a Heulandite-Nickel oxide (Heu/NiO) nanocomposite using a facile hydrothermal route. Heulandite, a natural zeolite crystal, was firstly pre-treated and then combined with nickel oxide nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions at 180˚C for 12h to form a nanocomposite. The hydrothermal process facilitated the combination of NiO nanoparticles onto the surface of Heulandite crystals, changing the structural and functional properties. The resulting Heu-NiO nanocomposite was characterized using a variety of techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of both Heulandite and Heu-NiO nanocomposites, while SEM shown the uniform distribution of NiO nanoparticles on the surface of Heulandite. The FTIR spectra revealed characteristic bands associated with Heulandite aluminosilicate framework and NiO, demonstrating the presence of key functional groups and metal-oxygen bonds.The average crystalline sizes of the prepared NCs were calculated by the Debye-Scherrer equation. This work demonstrates the effective synthesis of a Heulandite-Nickel oxide nanocomposite and its characterizations.
Neural Architecture Search Based Deepfake Detection Model using YOLO
Authors: Somnath Banerjee  , Bhuman Vyas  , Shalini Sivasamy  , Mahaboob Subhani Shaik
Published: January 2025

Deepfakes are intentionally created to disseminate false information or serve malicious purposes. Detecting deepfakes has become increasingly difficult due to the advancing technology involved in their creation. This paper introduces a deep learning model based on Neural Architecture Search (NAS) that incorporates the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model for image segmentation and employs data augmentation to enhance the diversity of the dataset. The goal is to improve deepfake detection accuracy compared to current models. The study utilized the CelebDF v2 dataset, which includes 590 genuine videos and 5,639 deepfake videos. From this dataset, 100 deepfake and 100 real videos were chosen, and frames were extracted. After augmentation, the resulting dataset comprised 2,000 real and 2,000 deepfake images. The proposed model attained a testing accuracy of 99.04% and performed exceptionally well across other evaluation metrics such as F1 score, precision, and recall
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF MODERN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY RESEARCH
Authors: Baissultanova K.Ch. , Zhakyanova A.M.
Published: January 2025

Economic diplomacy is oneof the crucial forms of modern diplomacy in international relations. The relevance of economic diplomacy is determined by several factors. It stems from the growing importance of economic aspects in interactions between countriesand the expansion ofthe economic functions of diplomatic services within the framework of the state's international activities. Global changes occurring in the world and the emergence of new actors in the field of foreign economic activity also contribute to the economizationof international relations.All these factors naturally spark scientific interest, making economic diplomacy a subject of study for researchers who explore its various aspects, ranging from the history of trade diplomacy to contemporary forms of economicdiplomacy. However, the authors of this article note the fragmented nature of these studies.Some scholars understand economic diplomacy in the context of trade agreements and investment, while others broaden its scope to include political tools such as sanctions and international financial unions. This diversity of interpretations makes it difficult to understand and classify the methods and instruments of economic diplomacy. The authors draw attention to the fact that studying economic diplomacy as a multifaceted aspect ofinternational relations presents severalmethodological challenges, stemming from the lack of a unified approach to defining its structure and methods. The problem lies in the inconsistent way scholars explain the methods, instruments, forms, means, and format of economic diplomacy. A comprehensive analysis is necessary to systematize the aspects of economic diplomacy used in the field. The authors aim to systematize and analyze methodological approaches to studying economic diplomacy, as well as to analyze the classification of instruments used in economic diplomacy.