bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relative errors in derived multi-wavelength intensive aerosol optical properties using cavity attenuated phase shift single-scattering albedo monitors, a nephelometer, and tricolour absorption photometer measurements
Authors: Weber Patrick , Petzold Andreas , Bischof Oliver F. , Fischer Benedikt , Berg Marcel , Freedman Andrew , Onasch Timothy B. , Bundke Ulrich
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Aerosol intensive optical properties, including Ångström
exponents for aerosol light extinction (EAEs), scattering (SAEs) and
absorption (AAEs) as well as and the single-scattering albedo (SSA), are indicators for
aerosol size, chemical composition, radiative behaviour and particle
sources. Derivation of these parameters requires the measurement of aerosol
optical properties at multiple wavelengths, which usually involves the use
of several instruments. Our study aims to quantify the uncertainties in the
determination of these intensive properties using an optical closure
approach. In our laboratory closure study, we measured the full set of
optical properties for a range of light-absorbing particles with different
properties externally mixed with ammonium sulfate to generate aerosols with
controlled SSA values. The investigated absorbing particle types were fresh
combustion soot emitted by an inverted flame soot generator (SOOT; fractal
agglomerates), Aquadag (AQ; compact aggregates), Cabot black (BC;
compact agglomerates) and an acrylic paint (magic black, shape unknown).
The instruments used in this study were two cavity attenuated phase
shift particle monitors for single-scattering albedo (CAPS PMSSA's; λ=450, 630 nm) for measuring light-extinction and light-scattering coefficients, one
integrating nephelometer (λ=450, 550, 700 nm) for light-scattering coefficients, and one tricolour absorption photometer (TAP;
λ=467, 528, 652 nm) for filter-based light-absorption
coefficients. One key finding is that the coefficients of light absorption, scattering
and extinction derived from combing the measurements of two independent
instruments agree with measurements from single instruments; the slopes of
regression lines are equal within reported uncertainties (i.e. closure is
observed). Despite closure for measured absorption coefficients, we caution
that the estimated uncertainties for absorption coefficients, propagated for
the differential method (DM; absorption = extinction minus scattering),
can exceed 100 % for atmospherically relevant SSA values (>0.9).
This increasing estimated uncertainty with increasing SSA yields AAE values
that may be too uncertain for measurements in the range of atmospheric
aerosol loadings. We recommend using the DM for measuring AAE values when the
SSA < 0.9. EAE- and SAE-derived values achieved closure during this
study within stated uncertainties for extinction coefficients greater than
15 Mm−1. SSA values for 450 and 630 nm wavelengths internally agreed
with each other within 10 % uncertainty for all instrument combinations
and sampled aerosol types, which fulfils the defined goals for measurement
uncertainty of 10 % proposed by Laj et al. (2020) for GCOS (Global Climate
Observing System) applications.
Modelling deadwood for rockfall mitigation assessments in windthrow areas
Authors: Ringenbach Adrian , Bebi Peter , Bartelt Perry , Rigling Andreas , Christen Marc , Bühler Yves , Stoffel Andreas , Caviezel Andrin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. How deadwood mitigates rockfall hazard in mountain forests is a key scientific question to understand the influence of climate induced disturbances on the protective capacity of mountain forests. To address this question both experimental quantification combined with numerical process modelling are needed. Modelling provides detailed insights into the rock-deadwood interaction and therefore can be used to develop effective forest management strategies. Here, we introduce an automatic deadwood generator (ADG) to assess the impact of fresh woody storm debris on the protective capacity of a forest stand against rockfall. The creation of deadwood scenarios allows us to directly quantify their mitigation potential. To demonstrate the functionality of the proposed ADG method, we compare genuine deadwood log patterns, their effective height, and ruggedness at two natural windthrow areas at Lake Klöntal, Switzerland, to their generated counterparts. We perform rockfall simulations for the time a) before, b) directly after and c) 10 years after the storm. The results are compared to scenario d) a complete clearing of the thrown wood, in other words a no forest scenario. We showcase an integration of deadwood in rockfall simulations with realistic, deadwood configurations alongside with a DBH- and rot fungi dependent maximal deadwood breaking energy. Our results confirm the mitigation effect of deadwood significantly reducing the jump heights and velocities for 400 kg rocks. Our modelling results suggest that even after a decade, deadwood has a stronger protective effect against rockfall compared to standing trees. An ADG can contribute to the decision making in forest and deadwood management after disturbances.
CLUMondo v2.0: Improved model by adaptive determination of conversion orders for simulating land system changes with many-to-many demand-supply relationships
Authors: Gao Peichao , Gao Yifan , Zhang Xiaodan , Ye Sijing , Song Changqing
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Land resources are fundamentally important to human society, and their transition from one macroscopic state to another is a vital driving force of environment and climate change locally and globally. Thus, many efforts have been devoted to the simulations of land changes. Among all spatially explicit simulation models, CLUMondo is the only one that simulates land changes by incorporating the multifunctionality of a land system and allows the establishment of many-to-many demand-supply relationships. Its central mechanism is complex and has not been fully revealed or clearly explained, thus preventing further improvement. In this study, we first investigated the source code of CLUMondo, providing for the first time the complete, detailed mechanism of this model. More importantly, we found that the featured function of CLUMondo – balancing demands and supplies in a many-to-many mode – relies on a parameter called conversion order. Still, the setting of this parameter should be improved because it is a manual process according to the characteristics of each study area and based on expert knowledge, which is not feasible for users without an understanding of the whole, detailed mechanism. Therefore, the second contribution of this study is the development of an automatic method for adaptively determining conversion orders. We revised the source code of CLUMondo to incorporate the proposed automated method, resulting CLUMondo Version 2.0. Comparative experiments demonstrated the proposed automated method’s validity, high effectiveness, and universal applicability. They showed that the new version of CLUMondo is more effective and easier to use than the existing version. A case study showed that the simulation performance has improved as high as 103.36 %. This study facilitates future improvement on CLUMondo and deep coupling with other earth system models, clearly describing its mechanism. It also helps to exploit the full potential of CLUMondo with a new version.
HIGH-RESOLUTION SOLAR ENERGY PARAMETERS UNDER THE CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIO FOR JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND LADAKH REGION
Authors: Verma S. , Singh C.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Solar technologies are viewed as feasible options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and encouraging long-term adaptation in the context of climate change and rising energy demand. Solar energy is India's second-largest Renewable Energy (RE) source, and playing increasingly important role in the country's low-carbon energy portfolio. Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh are the northernmost states of India, with elevations ranging from 205 to 8564 meters above the mean sea level. Both states are located just south of the Karakorum and have a subtropical and cold-arid environment with scarce renewable energy resources. This study is performed to identify the annual and monthly variation of solar energy potentials for the recent climatological future over the western Himalayan region. The long-term annual average demonstrated the high efficiency of GHI over Leh and Kargil and low over the Jammu and Kashmir region. The monthly variation shows greater GHI values between March and October, varying from 225 to 375 W m−2, and lower from November to February, less than 220 W m−2. The mean ambient 2-m temperature indicates December and January months are bad for solar energy installations, while June and July are excellent. Overall, the findings show that Ladakh has a remarkable solar energy potential and is recommendable for further investigation.
COMPARISON OF SELECTED AUGMENTED REALITY FRAMEWORKS FOR INTEGRATION IN GEOGRAPHIC CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECTS
Authors: Berger C. , Gerke M.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Augmented reality (AR) offers functionalities that can be beneficial for citizen science (CS) projects. Especially location-based approaches have potential for geographically oriented CS projects, as objects can be placed based on geographic coordinates. Since choosing a suitable AR framework for integration into a CS project can be challenging, this paper gives an overview of the common AR frameworks and takes a closer look at three selected ones that are particularly suitable for CS projects (AR.js, AR Foundation, and ViroReact). Prototypes were implemented for the selected frameworks to investigate which framework is best suited for specific use cases. Marker-based tracking approaches, image recognition and location-based placement were considered. The results show that the framework AR.js is particularly suitable for marker-based tracking with very simple markers and therefore represents a good entry point for CS projects to integrate initial AR functionality into their project. AR Foundation and ViroReact, on the other hand, are faster and more reliable with the detection of more complex markers. The location-based approach can be implemented with all three frameworks, but the precision of the placement of the objects strongly depends on the accuracy of the sensors of the mobile device.
CROWDSOURCING FOR DEFORESTATION DETECTION IN THE AMAZON
Authors: Bratic G. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Every year, deforestation results in the loss of wide stretches of forest which is worsening the state of air quality, biodiversity, indigenous cultures, climate, meteorological conditions, etc. According to the Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP), roughly 20 million hectares of land were lost due to deforestation in 2020. To address the issue of deforestation, this study proposes a derivation of the deforestation risk model to target the spread of deforestation, which is the first step towards its prevention. The region of interest - North West of Mato Grosso, Brazil - was selected based on two characteristics: it is a deforestation hotspot according to MAAP and it comprises 4 indigenous lands. The sequence for developing the risk model comprises reference information collection, information cleaning, classification, postprocessing, and change detection. In a crowdsourcing mapathon, reference data were gathered, and they were refined in an iterative process using existing land cover maps and photo interpretation. Google Earth Engine and the Random Forest algorithm were used to classify Sentinel-2 imagery for 2019 and 2020. The results obtained are land cover maps from 2019 and 2020 and land cover change, and the risk model. The results are not demonstrating intensive deforestation in the region of interest, however, the deforestation appears to be systematic in two subregions, indicating that it has the potential to spread. An additional concern in the case of these subregions is their proximity to the indigenous land.
PROBABILISTIC-BASED CROWDSOURCING TECHNIQUE FOR ROAD SURFACE ANOMALY DETECTION
Authors: Sattar S. , Li S. , Chapman M.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Road surface monitoring is a critical key factor to serve the purpose of road safety and driving comfort. Recently, many efforts have been made in developing approaches to detect road surface anomalies using smartphone sensors. However, detecting road surface anomalies from smartphone sensors face considerable number of challenges due to the various factors affecting detection rate. By aggregating data from a large number of users (i.e., concept of crowdsourcing), the accuracy of detection can be increased, and the potential false positive and false negative detection rates raised from every single source (i.e., user) can be detected and filtered. In this paper, a novel probabilistic-based crowdsourcing technique is proposed to classify and combine road surface anomalies (i.e., dynamic events) detected from various smartphones on-board vehicles. The proposed approach can integrate detected events from multiple users which are not an absolute binary scenario primarily caused by different sensing capabilities of various participators’ smartphone sensors and diversity in mechanical properties of vehicles. Furthermore, this approach considers the spatiotemporal behaviour of reported road surface anomalies from different users in different times and locations. The experimental results show that the proposed crowdsourcing method improves the accuracy and rate for detecting road surface anomalies.
3D MAPPING OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS USING APPLE SMART DEVICES
Authors: Díaz-Vilariño L. , Tran H. , Frías E. , Balado J. , Khoshelham K.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Recent integration of LiDAR into smartphones opens up a whole new world of possibilities for 3D indoor/outdoor mapping. Although these new systems offer an unprecedent opportunity for the democratization in the use of scanning technology, data quality is lower than data captured from high-end LiDAR sensors. This paper is focused on discussing the capability of recent Apple smart devices for applications related with 3D mapping of indoor and outdoor environments. Indoor scenes are evaluated from a reconstruction perspective, and three geometric aspects (local precision, global correctness, and surface coverage) are considered using data captured in two adjacent rooms. Outdoor environments are analysed from a mobility point of view, and elements defining the physical accessibility in building entrances are considered for evaluation.
DEEP LEARNING-BASED DOOR AND WINDOW DETECTION FROM BUILDING FAÇADE
Authors: Sezen G. , Cakir M. , Atik M. E. , Duran Z.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Detecting building façade elements is a crucial problem in computer vision for image interpretation. In Building Information Modeling (BIM) studies, the detection of building façade elements has an important role. BIM is a tool that allows maintaining a digital representation of all aspects of building information; therefore, it will enable the storage of almost any data related to a given structure, regarding its geometric and non-geometric aspects. Façade segmentation was first studied in the 1970s using hand-crafted expertise. Later, detection and segmentation studies emerged based on shapes of objects and parametric rules. With the developing technology, deep learning approaches in object detection studies have intensified. It is obvious that the desired analyses can be performed faster with deep learning approaches. However, deep learning methods require large training data. Algorithms that consider different situations and are suitable for real-world scenarios continue to be developed. The need in this direction continues in the literature. In this study, door and window detection was carried out with deep learning on an original data set. The algorithms used are YOLOv3, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, and Faster R-CNN. Precision, recall and mean average precision (mAP) are used as evaluation metrics. As a result of the study, precision, recall, and mAP values with YOLOv5 were obtained as 0.85, 0.72, and 0.79, respectively. With Faster R-CNN with the lowest performance, precision, recall, and mAP were obtained as 0.54, 0.63, and 0.54, respectively.
HEXAGONAL GRIDS APPLIED TO CLUSTERING LOCATIONS IN WEB MAPS
Authors: Beresnev A. , Semenov A. , Panidi E.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. One of the popular ways to clutter reduction techniques is to combine neighboring points into one marker that somehow shows that it contains multiple entities – this way is called clustering. In this paper, we present a JavaScript library to define optimal size of clusters and render them. Moreover, markers have to present heterogeneous data inside of clusters.The presented library relies on server side clustering, no matter if is it a real-time clustering or a static bunch of hexagonal grids. For the library, a server provides the bunch of grid layers by different cell sizes – from smaller to larger. The library relies on data fetching provided by external library, such as Mapbox/Maplibre, so it can work with both GeoJSON and vector tiles. Using the HTML Canvas to render the marker allows to full customizing the marker image: manage the colors and proportions of cluster fractions and the size.
A BIM/IFC – LADM SOLUTION ALIGNED TO THE GREEK LEGISLATION
Authors: Andritsou D. , Gkeli M. , Soile S. , Potsiou C.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The ongoing rapid urbanization has led to the emerge of several complex infrastructures distinguished by multi-dimensional and overlapping property rights. The option of integrating BIM data into LA, aligned with international standards and able to handle the three-dimensional (3D) aspect of cadastral objects utilizing contemporary technologies, may be of a great importance. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the potential integration of the Building Information Model (BIM) and the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard, with the international standard of Land Administration Domain Model (LADM ISO 19152 2012), in order to provide a unified solution for the registration and visualization of 3D spatial and sematic information regarding the complex Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities (RRR) in the new complex constructions. The proposed solution aims to exploit the available 2D plans for the generation of BIMs; and rely on international LADM’s constructional guidelines to provide a standardized cadastral database harmonized with the national Greek cadastral and the legal framework and aligned with the current Greek building code. The proposed framework is tested for two multi-storey buildings. The first results are promising constituting an important tool, for the implementation of 3D cadastres.
ASTER GLOBAL DEM (GDEM) VERSION 3
Authors: Abrams M. , Yamaguchi Y. , Crippen R.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is a 14-channel imaging instrument operating on NASA’s Terra satellite since 1999. ASTER’s visible–near infrared (VNIR) instrument, with three bands and a 15 m Instantaneous field of view (IFOV), is accompanied by an additional VNIR band using a second, backward-looking telescope. Collecting along-track stereo pairs, the geometry produces a base-to-height ratio of 0.6. In 2009, the ASTER Science Team released Version 1 of the global DEM (GDEM) based on stereo correlation of 1.2 million ASTER scenes. The DEM has 1 arc-second latitude and longitude postings (∼30 m) and employed cloud masking to avoid cloud-contaminated pixels. The GDEM covers all of the Earth’s land surface from 83 degrees north to 83 degrees south latitude. Version 2 was released in 2011, with notable improvements in coverage and accuracy. In 2019, the final, Version 3, was released; again improving on coverage and removing almost all artifacts. Th GDEM is a unique, global high spatial resolution digital elevation dataset available to all users at no cost. In addition, a second unique dataset was produced and released. The raster-based ASTER Global Water Body Dataset (ASTWBD) identifies the presence of permanent water bodies, and marks them as ocean, lake, or river. An accompanying DEM file indicates the elevation for each water pixel. To date, over 110+ million 1×1 degree GDEM tiles have been distributed.
Interdisciplinary fracture network characterization in the crystalline basement: a case study from the Southern Odenwald, SW Germany
Authors: Frey Matthis , Bossennec Claire , Seib Lukas , Bär Kristian , Schill Eva , Sass Ingo
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The crystalline basement is considered a ubiquitous and almost inexhaustible source of geothermal energy in the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) and other regions worldwide. The hydraulic properties of the basement, which are one of the key factors in the productivity of geothermal power plants, are primarily controlled by hydraulically active faults and fractures. While the most accurate in situ information about the general fracture network is obtained from image logs of deep boreholes, such data are generally sparse and costly and thus often not openly accessible. To circumvent this problem, an outcrop analogue study was conducted with interdisciplinary geoscientific methods in the Tromm Granite, located in the southern Odenwald at the northeastern margin of the URG. Using light detection and ranging (lidar) scanning, the key characteristics of the fracture network were extracted in a total of five outcrops; these were additionally complemented by lineament analysis of two different digital elevation models (DEMs). Based on this, discrete fracture network (DFN) models were developed to calculate equivalent permeability tensors under assumed reservoir conditions. The influences of different parameters, such as fracture orientation, density, aperture and mineralization, were investigated. In addition, extensive gravity and radon measurements were carried out in the study area, allowing fault zones with naturally increased porosity and permeability to be mapped. Gravity anomalies served as input data for a stochastic density inversion, through which areas of potentially increased open porosity were identified. A laterally heterogeneous fracture network characterizes the Tromm Granite, with the highest natural permeabilities expected at the pluton margin, due to the influence of large shear and fault zones.
Evaluation of obstacle modelling approaches for resource assessment and small wind turbine siting: case study in the northern Netherlands
Authors: Phillips Caleb , Sheridan Lindsay M. , Conry Patrick , Fytanidis Dimitrios K. , Duplyakin Dmitry , Zisman Sagi , Duboc Nicolas , Nelson Matt , Kotamarthi Rao , Linn Rod , Broersma Marc , Spijkerboer Timo , Tinnesand Heidi
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Growth in adoption of distributed wind turbines for energy generation is significantly impacted by challenges associated with siting and accurate estimation of the wind resource. Small turbines, at hub heights of 40 m or less, are greatly impacted by terrestrial obstacles such as built structures and vegetation that can cause complex wake effects. While some progress in high-fidelity complex fluid dynamics (CFD) models has increased the potential accuracy for modelling the impacts of obstacles on turbulent wind flow, these models are too computationally expensive for practical siting and resource assessment applications. To understand the efficacy of available models in situ, this study evaluates classic and commonly used methods alongside new state-of-the-art lower-order models derived from CFD simulations and machine learning approaches. This evaluation is conducted using a subset of an extensive original dataset of measurements from more than 300 operational wind turbines in the northern Netherlands. The results show that data-driven methods (e.g. machine learning and statistical modelling) are most effective at predicting production at real sites with an average error in annual energy production of 2.5 %. When sufficient data may not be available de novo to support these data-driven approaches, models derived from high-fidelity simulations show promise and reliably outperform classic methods. On average these models have 6.3 %–11.5 % error compared with 26 % for classic methods and 27 % baseline error for reanalysis data without obstacle correction. While more performant on average, these methods are also sensitive to the quality of obstacle descriptions and reanalysis inputs.
ANTECEDENTS OF PURCHASE INTENTION OF HALAL COSMETICS IN INDONESIA’S YOUNGER GENERATION
Authors: FİANDARİ Yulıst Rıma , HARAHAP Raja Roufli , MİSFİR Salim Faisal
Published: June 2022

The potential for halal cosmetics has increased from year to year. Halal cosmetics are a necessity. Strengthening the halal industry is one of the extensive foundations for Indonesia. Indonesia has the largest potential for halal products worldwide with an expenditure of 218.8 billion US dollars in 2017. This value will have the potential to increase by six percent every year. However, this value only places Indonesia in 10th place worldwide, far from Malaysia. Malaysia is in the world leader position for the halal industry. The effect of halalan thayyiban awareness on the younger generation in Indonesia, especially among students, remains unknown, so it is necessary to research to determine halal awareness level. It is a decisive point in strengthening the halal industry in Indonesia. The existence of halal cosmetics is indispensable for consumers to ensure that cosmetics are free from prohibited ingredients by religion and the process of making products that are not by Islamic religious principles. This study used data collection techniques on samples with particular characteristics (purposive sampling). The respondents were consumers who use cosmetics with the halal label and have made purchases more than three times at the same halal brand. The research sample consisted of 100 people who use halal cosmetics in Indonesia. The research was conducted in April - August 2020 using an online questionnaire. The results showed the factors that influence the intention of purchasing halal cosmetics. Halalan thayyiban awareness and behavioral control affected the intention to buy halal cosmetics. There was a difference in results on subjective norms that have a weak influence on the intention to form halal cosmetics.
Economía comportamental y paternalismo libertario: el comportamiento individual en el centro de la política pública
Authors: Vecinday María Laura
Published: June 2022

En el marco del trabajo de investigación en torno a las funciones y los efectos colaterales de la introducción de sistemas de información para la protección social surge la interrogante acerca del tema desarrollado en estas páginas. De dicho estudio surge que estos desarrollos no solo supusieron alteraciones tecnológicas en el andamiaje de la protección social, sino que también coadyuvaron al despliegue de enfoques específicos de política pública, como la gestión del riesgo y la seguridad preventiva o la economía comportamental. Sobre el enfoque de la economía comportamental y su paternalismo libertario versa este artículo con el objetivo de identificar su aporte al desarrollo de políticas públicas basadas en “evidencias”.

Se analizan los postulados principales de este enfoque, su creciente expansión en diversos ámbitos académicos y políticos, su institucionalización mediante la creación de laboratorios de políticas públicas en dependencias gubernamentales y/o centros universitarios, los aspectos críticos de este enfoque considerando sus principios y presupuestos de interpretación, los aspectos metodológicos de sus experimentos e inferencias, las consideraciones ético-políticas de estos ensayos y las controversias sobre sus limitaciones y efectos a mediano y largo plazo. Finalizo identificando factores y razones prácticas que estarían contribuyendo a la expansión a nivel global de un enfoque muy limitado que coloca a los comportamientos individuales en el corazón de la política pública.
Immunity and Community in Esposito, Derrida and Agamben
Authors: Rosàs Tosas Mar
Published: June 2022

Roberto Esposito (1998; 2002; 2008) examines how immunological apparatuses originally designed to protect communities end up undermining communities. This paper explores comparatively his view on the interplay between community and immunity with Giorgio Agamben’s and Jacques Derrida’s, although in their works these notions appear under other labels.

Beyond pointing out their similarities, the paper concludes by analyzing what, in our view, constitute the raison d’être of their ultimate and irreconcilable differences: Agamben’s approach is antinomic, while Derrida’s is aporetic and Esposito’s is rather dialectical.
Identifikasi Interaksi Protein-Protein Meningitis Menggunakan ClusterONE dan Analisis Jaringan
Authors: Al Faroby Mohammad Hamim Zajuli , Nur Fadhilah Helisyah , Hartanta Sembiring Fikri
Published: June 2022

Patogen penyebab Meningitis menyebabkan peradangan pada selaput otak. Kondisi ini menyebabkan kondisi kronis jika dibiarkan dalam jangka waktu lama. Patogen Meningitis menyerang protein tertentu yang berkaitan langsung dengan fungsional selaput otak. Dengan mendeteksi protein signifikan dari Meningitis dapat kita dapat menganalisis lebih jauh untuk menemukan inhibitor dari patogen tersebut. Menemukan protein yang signifikan dengan menganalisis jaringan interaksi protein yang terlibat ketika meningitis menginfeksi. Data jaringan protein diolah untuk mendapatkan klaster protein yang signifikan. Data jaringan pada klaster terbaik digunakan untuk mencari protein tertentu yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Skor sigifikansi protein berdasarkan nilai karakterisktik simpul pada jaringan graf dengan mendapatkan nilai eigen dan vektor eigen. Nilai keseluruhan karakteristik diperoleh dari hasil perkalian vektor eigen dengan vektor karakteristik simpul yang menghasilkan nilai skalar. Kami menemukan protein yang paling signifikan terhadap Meningitis adalah TLR2, hal ini diketahui dari nilai keseluruhan karakteristiknya yang paling tinggi dibandingkan protein lainnya.
Poetry of Bābā Farīd
Authors: Jamal Muhammad Tanveer , Khan Abdul Zahoor
Published: June 2022

Shaikh Farīd al-Dīn Mas‘ūd Ganj-i Shakar (569/1173-664/1265) is one of the celebrated Chishtī Sufis of the Indian subcontinent. Chishtī order is credited with several seminal literary innovations in Medieval Islamic India. Bābā Farīd is considered the father of Punjabi poetry. He also had a great command of other languages including Persian and Arabic. The present study explores the contemporary sources that interacted with Bābā Farīd’s couplets. An effort has also been made to explore the originality of the Ashlōk-i Shaikh Farīd included in the Guru Granth. The study is a unique endeavour to conceptualize and examine the thematic connection of Bābā Farīd’s poetry with his life, teachings, and metaphysical thoughts preserved in biographical compendia.
Neurovascular hamartoma: a case report of a tongue lesion
Authors: Caldeira Laira , Poli Grecco Letícia , Petereit Trombeli Gustavo Henrique , Moço Silva Marceli , Burgos Ponce José
Published: June 2022

Hamartoma is a proliferation of normal cells and tissues, which are considered endogenous to the site of injury. Oral neurovascular hamartoma (NVH) presents as exophytic lesions, usually with a smooth surface, and less than 10 mm in diameter. Hamartomas arising in the oral cavity are uncommon and may show a variety of clinical presentations and histological and growth patterns. We present a case of oral neurovascular hamartoma lesion in the tongue of a 47-year-old individual, consisting of nerve bundles and blood vessels. Although rare, the neurovascular hamartoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tongue lesions.
Diversidad de vectores de Plasmodium y rasgos funcionales de los árboles del bosque perturbado en Tingo María, 2022
Authors: Oré Cierto Luis Eduardo , Vela Zevallos Andy Williams , Valencia-Reyes Zanhy Leonor , Vilchez-Ochoa Guillermo Lorenzo , Salas-Zeballos Victor Ramiro , Garcia Curo Gianmarco , Diaz Dumont Jorge Rafael
Published: June 2022

Las comunidades vegetales en la zona de Tingo María, Perú, se encuentran sometidas a los efectos del cambio climático, generando modificaciones en su biodiversidad, impactando su ecosistema. Por otra parte, se ha referido que actividades que ocasionan perturbación de bosques tropicales pueden favorecer la persistencia de vectores de enfermedades metaxénicas como la malaria, la cual representa un problema de salud pública por la alta tasa de morbimortalidad en la región. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo para evaluar los rasgos funcionales del bosque perturbado de Tingo María, observando que la especie vegetal Parkia panurensis presentó mayor promedio en altura total; 47% de las especies presentaron una densidad básica alta de árboles en pie; la familia Euphorbiaceae y la especie Senefeldera inclinata presentaron el valor más alto de biomasa, mientras que Micropholis guyanensis y Pierre Subsp. Guyanensis mostraron el mayor porcentaje y cobertura de copa, respectivamente; Asimismo, Pseudopiptadenia suaveolens presentó la mayor longitud de copa, Eugenia egensis mostró mayor diámetro y Senefeldera inclinata tuvo mejor índice de valor de importancia. Además, se demostró alta circulación de vectores de malaria en la zona, siendo An. Pseudopunctipennis, An. Benarrochi, An. Darling y An. Evansae los más frecuentes, mientras que los géneros de insectos más comunes resultaron ser Anófeles, Aedes, Coqueletilia y Cúlex. Los rasgos funcionales de las especies vegetales les han permitido adaptarse a las condiciones adversas, no obstante, la presencia de abundantes vectores de malaria, hace necesario implementar estrategias de impacto ambiental, que reduzcan el riesgo de malaria en la región.
How Does the Nature of Academics Affect the Study-Life Balance of International Students in Chinese Universities?
Authors: Rahman Md. Mashiur , Chatterjee Rashmi , Akter Mosammat Aysha
Published: June 2022

Study-life balance is an emerging issue in contemporary management and administrative thought. Without a balance between study and life, students will not be happier and wiser in their academic and personal lives. During the doctoral study period of foreign students, most students live alone and need to adapt to the new environment, but some students live with their families. So they have to maintain their normal lab work, family life and social life at the same time. Consistent with this, the prevailing perception is that students majoring in applied sciences spend more time and stress than students majoring in social sciences. Therefore, it is a big concern for the researchers and the academicians how the students of Applied Science and Social Science make balance between study and social life. Following this, the purpose of this study is to identify differences in applied science and social science students' participation in laboratory and sociocultural activities, and to explore important factors related to the laboratory environment that promote study-life balance for foreign PhD students. This study is experimental survey based research. In this study, it is found that the students of Applied Science at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) spend more time in lab than Social Science students. In addition, the Applied Science students were found more stressful than Social Science. However, lab pressure negatively influences on the productivity of both disciplines that is the interesting finding in this study. It is also found that internal congenial lab environment (supervisor’s cooperative role, supportive relationship with peers, reasonable work load in lab) influences positively to make balance study-life but the relationship among all these internal lab environment factors are not always found correlated.
Examination of Cinema Art as an Emulation of Reality
Authors: TÜLÜCE Hüseyin Adem
Published: June 2022

In this study, it has been tried to conceptually examine how the art of cinema reveals human reality through emulation. Human stands out with his ability to change reality directly or indirectly. For this, he can consider the cinema as an opportunity. Cinema uses imitation as a branch of art that can show people different aspects of reality. However, the art of cinema creates a new reality by aestheticizing reality, not in its raw form. The cinematic reality produced in this sense is to emulate the raw reality and to imitate this reality in certain aspects. Cinema art can use raw reality to transform reality into different forms. In human life in general, there is internal and external reality. Inner reality is about spiritual reflections in the inner world of man. External reality is the reflection of concrete facts and events in social life. The issue emphasized in the study is the possibility of recreating the inner and outer reality of cinema through emulation as an art form. Thus, cinema becomes a narrated repetition of life. Aestheticized and natural reflection of a reality that exists in life on films is an important element that shows its success. There is imitation and representation in cinematic imitation. People's emotions in life are reflected on the screen with a certain story and a sense of reality can be given to people. Depending on the degree of emulation, this sense of reality can be severe or weak. Here, it has been tried to describe what kind of effect the imitation used in the art of cinema can have on the individual and social life of a person.
From Motorcycle to Tricycle: Neoliberal Political Economy, Informal Transportation, and Urban/Peri-Urban Mobility in Nigerian Cities
Authors: Lenshie Nsemba Edward , Ezeibe Christian Chukwuebuka , Joshua Mark Ma’aku , Nwangwu Chikodiri
Published: June 2022

In most African states informal motorcycle transportation is a popular means of urban and semi-urban mobility. While studies have examined the transportation–economic development nexus, the political economy of the ban of motorcycles and shift from informal commercial motorcycle to tricycle operation for urban/peri-urban mobility in Nigeria has been grossly neglected in academic discourses. Using a qualitative approach and neoliberal political economy framework, this study investigates how the ban of commercial motorcycles and their replacement with commercial tricycles have impacted urban/peri-urban mobility in Nigerian cities. Contrary to the expectation that replacing motorcycles with tricycles would increase the vulnerability of the majority of informal transport operators and constrain transportation of urban/peri-urban poor without personal/private means of mobility, the replacement has facilitated the development of road infrastructure, reduced road crashes, minimized motorcycle induced crimes, and improved the income of informal transport operators in Nigerian cities. The study concludes that sustainable use of commercial tricycles for urban and peri-urban transportation is relevant for achieving organized and safe informal commercial transportation in Nigeria and other less-developed countries.
The Conversion of a Cork Candle-Maker
Authors: Holloway Luke , McGill Martha
Published: June 2022

In 1788, Cork candle-maker Cadwallader Acteson was driven to repent of his sins by a host of otherworldly visitants. The story was recorded and circulated in manuscript, almost certainly by the Methodist writer Hester Ann Rogers. This article is a transcription of the copy, ascribed to Elizabeth Ritchie, that resides at the Methodist Archives and Research Centre, John Rylands Research Institute and Library, Manchester. Cadwallader’s idiosyncratic story offers a window into gender roles and conceptions of agency in the late eighteenth century, and sheds light on how Methodist notions of the conversion experience might fuse with the beliefs of local communities.
Frequency of Celiac Disease Diagnosed on Endoscopic Duodenal Biopsy in Patients of Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Yousaf Muhammad Iftikhar , Afzal Humaira Mubeen , Faizan Usama , Yousaf Muhammad Haroon , Asif Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of celiac disease diagnosed on endoscopic duodenal biopsy in patients presenting with functional dyspepsia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore. A total 160 patients of either gender, aged 20-70 years and diagnosed with functional dyspepsia were included. The study was conducted during a period of six months from September 2021 to February 2022. The informed consent of patients was obtained. All the basic demographic information of each patient was noted and all the patients underwent endoscopic duodenal biopsies and specimens were sent to the department of histopathology for the histopathological assessment of celiac disease. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using SPSS version 12. Results: Average age of male and female patients was 45.61±14.41 and 39.83±14.91 years. Among 160 patients 60(37%) were male and 100(63%) were females. There were 90(56.3%) patients who had dysmotility like dyspepsia, 54(33.8%) patients diagnosed with an ulcer like dyspepsia and 16(10%) patients were having unspecified dyspepsia. According to the Marsh classification, 140 patients were diagnosed with type-0, 7 patients with Type-1, 2 patients with type-2, 9 patients with type-3a and 2 patients with type-3b. Celiac disease was diagnosed with the help of Modified Marsh classification. Among 160 patients 13(8%) were diagnosed with celiac disease. Conclusion: The results of the current study show a high frequency of celiac disease in patients with functional dyspepsia. Keeping this fact in mind, silent/subclinical CD should be kept in mind as a cause of functional dyspepsia during clinical activities Keywords: Celiac disease, Endoscopic duodenal biopsy, Functional dyspepsia
Perception of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery among healthcare professionals in South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Javarria , Ambar Akashah , Tayaba Farhat Ul Ain , Naseer Uzma , Rana Gul E , Zafer Saliha
Published: June 2022

Aim: To understand the level of perception & attitude of health care professionals towards Plastic Surgery & its influence on referral rate. Material: A questionnaire based survey was performed in Bahawal Victoria Hospital (tertiary care hospital) of South Punjab region of Pakistan in 2021. This survey was conducted among interns and residents of all specialties excluding dermatology, orthopaedic surgery and plastic surgery. Questionnaire was based on two parts, one for evaluation of general perception regarding the specialty and second was to evaluate their knowledge regarding different medical conditions dealt by the respective fields. Data was analyzed for each question. Results: Total of 150 junior doctors participated in this analysis. Only 44% had appropriate understanding of this specialty. 36% had unrealistic expectations of the outcomes.75% of them had good understanding of cosmetic and reconstructive aspects of this specialty. Regarding specific ailments, there was a confusion among the participants as to whom will be a preferred treating specialist. Conclusion: This confusion existed where Plastic Surgery overlaps with other modalities such as limb surgeries, head and neck tumors and trauma, nerve injuries, congenital defects and urogenital conditions. Keywords: Health care professional, reconstructive surgery, attitude
Cytomorphological Pattern of Lymph Node Swelling in Tertiary Care Unit
Authors: Shahzad Humera , Rahat Noshaba , Anwer Muhammad , Kashif Humera , Gul Shaista , Momin Zumrud
Published: June 2022

Background: Tubercular lymphadenitis is one of the most common causes of lymph node enlargement in developing countries. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple cost-effective, Rapid and reliable technique and first line investigation for diagnosis of superficial and deep lesion. Aim and objective: of our study was to evaluate the common cytomorphological pattern of lymph node swelling in pathology department of BMSI, Jinnah post graduate medical centre Karachi. Materials and methods: Cross sectional study was conducted at BMSI, Jinnah Post Graduate Institute Karachi. During the period of January to December, 2021, total 350 lymph node swelling were aspirated smear and cell block prepared Aspiration done with 22 to 24 needle gauge syringe.one slide is stained with the diff quick stain and evaluated for diagnostic material inadequate materials were re-aspirated at the time of FNA, three slides were stained with heamotoxylin and eosin stain. Cell block prepared. Results: Total 350 lymph node swelling were aspirated during study time out of which 203(58%) cases diagnosed as chronic granulomatous inflammation, 43(12.3%) cases diagnosed as necrotizing inflammation. 37(10.6%) case diagnosed as abscess and 22(6.3%) cases as reactive hyperplasia, 39(11.1%) cases as metastatic lesions. Conclusion: Chronic granulomatous inflammation is a heavy burden of lymphadenopathy in our setup followed by necrotizing inflammation Keywords: BMSI FNA granulomatous inflammation
Risk Factors of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children
Authors: Aslam Irum , Yousuf Muhammad , Nawaz Iram , Anjum Naveed
Published: June 2022

Objective: To find out demographical, medical, familial and parental risk factors of ASD in children. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of the Study: The department of Pediatric Neurology, The Children’s Hospital & Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan from November 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: A total of 120 children (60 cases and 60 controls) of both genders aged up to 12 years were enrolled. Diagnosis of ASD was made as per DSM-IV-TR criteria. Demographical and medical characteristics along with familial and parental data were noted. Chi-square test was employed considering p<0.05 as significant to compare study variables between cases and controls. Results: In a total of 120 children, 72 (60.0%) children were male. Overall, mean age was noted to be 4.82±3.5 years while 77 (64.2%) children were ≤ 5 years of age. In comparison to controls, lack of breastfeeding up till 2 years of age (p=0.0009), asthma (p=0.0367), hearing impairment (p=0.0408) and allergy to milk or wheat (p=0.0475) were found to be significant risk factors among children with ASD while remaining all other characteristics were not found to have any significant relationship (p>0.05) with ASD. It was observed that maternal education status as illiterate (p=0.0267) and immediate family history of ASD (p=0.0475) were significantly associated risk factors for ASD among cases wile all remaining factors were not found to have any significant association (p>0.05). Conclusion: Lack of breastfeeding up till 2 years of age, presence of asthma, hearing impairment and allergy to milk or wheat were found to be significant risk factors among children with ASD. Maternal education status as illiterate and immediate family history of ASD were also noted to be significantly associated risk factors for ASD. Keywords: autism spectrum disorders, breastfeeding, asthma, hearing impairment, maternal education.