bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIME STUDY OF MACROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION OF EXPERIMENTAL CEREBRAL INFARCTION IN RAT
Authors: Hamaya Kazuo , Doi Kenji
Published: January 2009

Cerebral infarctions were induced in rats by injection of Sephadex G‐200 into the internal carotid artery. Unfixed slices of brain were stained with nitro blue tetrazolium (nitro‐BT). Tissue dehydrogenase in normal regions reacts with this chemical and changes from a pale yellow color to dark blue consequent to formation of formazan. However, the color changes do not develop in infarcted tissue as there is depletion of tissue dehydrogenase in these regions. Ischemic lesions are identifiable by this method in over half the brain 2 to 4 hours after the embolization, but are seen in all brains 6 hours or more following the embolization. The procedure is simple, requires 30 minutes, and is useful for identification of small or acute cerebral infarction.
LYMPHANGIOMA OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: Murao Tsuyoshi , Toda Kanji , Tomiyama Yoshihisa
Published: January 2009

A case of lymphangioma of the pancreas In a 49‐year‐old woman is presented. The patient noticed a left hypochondral mass, which was clinically diagnosed as a multicystic tumor of the pancreas. A partial pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. The surgical specimen showed a multicystic mass measuring 13×9×5 cm which occupied the anterior region of the body and tail of the pancreas. From the light and electron microscopic findings, the multicystic mass was diagnosed as a lymphangioma with cystic and cavernous features. A small glucagonoma was incidentally found in the tail of the resected pancreas. The previous literature of pancreatic lymphangiomas is reviewed and the clinico‐pathologic characteristics of this tumor are discussed.
PRIMARY CUTANEOUS MENINGIOMA
Authors: Kakizoe Saburo , Kojiro Masamichi , Hikita Naofumi
Published: January 2009

A cutaneous meningioma in the left upper eyelid was found in a 51‐year‐old woman. Histologically, arachnoid villi‐like feature, meningothelial structure, and numerous psammoma bodies were evident. In the present case, it was predicted that the tumor originated from the extracranial archnoid cell rests.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOEPITHELIAL LESION
Authors: Kitazawa Mikio , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Nonomura Naobumi , Kobayashi Eiji
Published: January 2009

A case of undifferentiated carcinoma arising from benign lymphoepithelial lesion (BLEL) of the parotid gland was studied by light and electron microscopy. Histopathologically, the carcinoma was composed of pleomorphic anaplastic cells showing an undifferentiated type among abundant lymphoid tissue forming germinal center. Among the prominent lymphoid tissue, epithelial hyperplasia, dysplasia, and squamous metaplasia of the duct epithelium were found. Dysplastic epithelium revealed a transition with carcinomatous component in some areas. On the electron microscopic observation, the tumor cells were poorly differentiated, possessing desmosomes and intracytoplasmic filaments. The patient is alive and well 2 months after resection of the tumor, but has a high titer of serum Epstein‐Barr virus capsid antigen in IgG. Eighty five cases of the malignant lymphoepithelial lesion (MLEL) including the present case are summarized.
AN ALTERED LECTIN BINDING TO MUCUS GLYCOPROTEIN IN GOBLET CELLS OF HUMAN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL EPITHELIUM AMONG FORMER MUSTARD‐GAS WORKERS
Authors: Inai Kouki , Kou Eihaku , Nambu Shigeru , Tokuoka Shoji
Published: January 2009

Lectins, which are well known to have an ability to bind with specific carbohydrate residues of glycoprotein, have been used to examine cellular changes associated with malignant transformation. For the analysis of mucus glycoprotein of goblet cells in the tracheobronchial epithelium, 192 paraffin‐embedded sections from 54 autopsy cases including the cases with a history of mustard‐gas (MG) exposure were stained with seven plant lectins using PAP method. PNA binding with no neuraminidase treatment as well as BSA‐1 binding was observed most frequently in MG‐exposed lung cancer cases. The proportion of cases positive for SBA binding in MG‐exposed and/or lung cancer cases had a statistical difference from non‐MG‐exposed non‐lung cancer cases. These observations may indicate a large heterogeneity in oligosaccharide chains of mucus glycoprotein and suggest its incomplete or abnormal synthesis, which is most likely to be due to previous exposure to carcinogen, such as MG. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:537–548, 1987.
ALIMENTARY TRACT LESIONS IN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Iwasaki Takuya
Published: January 2009

Ten autopsy and 2 biopsy cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the alimentary tract were studied. CMV infection was microscopically determined by the presence of cytomegalic inclusion as well as by the immunofluorescent method. Clinical manifestations such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, hema‐temesis, bloody stool, perforation, and/or abdominal distension with paralytic ileus were observed in 8 autopy cases and 1 biopsy case. Disappearance of cytomegalic cells was confirmed by the follow‐up study in the biopsy cases. Macroscopically, mucosal hemorrhage or ulceration was found in the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus to the colon. Ulceration showed a characteristic well‐defined punched‐out appearance. The esophagus was the most frequently involved organ. However, no cytomegalic cells were found in the squamous epithelium. In the stomach, regenerated epithelial cells were frequently involved in the deeper part of glands. Numerous endothelial cells transformed into cytomegalic cells in the mucosa surrounding the ulcer in the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. Ischemia caused by cytomegalic changes of vascular endothelial cells is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract.
GLUCOCORTICOID‐INDUCED GROWTH INHIBITION OF HUMAN NEOPLASTIC SALIVARY GLAND DUCT CELL LINE (HSG)
Authors: Hatakeyama Setsuko , Kurokawa Riki , Satoh Masanobu , Suzuki Atsumi , Ota Minoru , Shirasuna Kanemitsu
Published: January 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of glucocorticoid on human neoplastic salivary duct epithelial cell line (HSG). Dexamethasone was found to inhibit cell growth and to increase cell size and the ratio of protein content to DNA content in a cell. The inhibition of cell growth was dose‐dependent; in comparison to the control (33.8±3.1 h), the population doubling time was 1.57‐fold longer in 105 M dexamethasone (P<0.01, N‐K test). [3H] thymidine incorporation was inhibited in 45.5% of the control at 10‐5 M. Plating efficiency was 20.5±3.0% in 105 M and 47.0±4.4% in the absence of dexamethasone. Cell diameters increased 1.29 fold in 10‐5 M dexamethasone in comparison to the control size (16.0±2.1 μm). The ratio of total protein content of DNA content increased 1.46 fold in 10‐5 M dexamethasone‐treated cells on the seventh day of cultivation. Scatchard plot analysis using [6, 7‐3H] ‐triamcinolone revealed that the HSG cells had apparent cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd value) of 6.48 nM, whose number of binding sites (NBS) was 57.8fmol/mg protein.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF HEMANGIOMAS
Authors: Kojimahara Masayasu , Baba Yoshiharu , Nakajima Toshinori
Published: January 2009

The fine structure of four cases of glomus tumor was described. All of the cases showed a solid type, and the glomus cells were shown to be typical or modified smooth muscle cells. Our conclusion is that the glomus cells are not derived from pericytes, but from smooth muscle cells of vascular part of the glomus, and are thought to be a specialized smooth muscle cell tumor.
CHONDROID SYRINGOMA (MIXED TUMOR OF THE SKIN)
Authors: Kunikane Hiroshi , Ishikura Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Jun , Yoshiki Takashi , Itoh Tetsuo , Aizawa Miki
Published: January 2009

The clinicopathology of 13 cases of chondroid syringoma were examined. The ages of the patients ranged from 26 to 86 years, with an average of 48 years. There were eight males and five females. Ten tumors out of the thirteen appeared on the face. Only one patient out of ten was suspected of recurrence in follow‐up information. Histologically, all tumors consisted of epithelial cells, chondroid or myxoid matrix, and other strumal elements. The tumors were histologically classified into two types; twelve tumors had tubular and cystic lumina lined by two layers of epithelial cells, and only one case had small lumina lined by only a single layer. By an immunohistochemical study with a PAP method, positive stainings of keratin were observed in all cases, and S‐100 protein in all but one. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells showed features of an epithelial cell. Some ultrastructural differences were noted between two types of chondroid syringoma. Type I tumor cells had many tonofilaments in cytoplasm, but cytoplasmic filaments in type II were of the intermediate‐type.
FOAMY CELLS ASSOCIATED WITH PHAGOCYTOSIS OF GLUTARALDEHYDE‐TREATED RED BLOOD CELLS AND RED CELL MEMBRANES
Authors: Ishihara Tokuhiro , Sano Jun‐ichi , Yamanami Sadayoshi , Yamashita Yoshimi , Takahashi Mutsuo , Uchino Fumiya , Matsumoto Noboru
Published: January 2009

In order to clarify the mechanism for the formation of foamy cells (macrophages with foamy appearance) associated with increased erythrophagocytosis, we tried to reproduce these cells in mice by subcutaneous injection of intact red blood cells (RBCs), OsO, ‐treated RBCs (Os‐RBCs), glutaraldehy de‐treated RBCs (G‐RBCs), or isolated red cell membranes, and time‐course observation was done by light and electron microscopy. Foamy cells were induced by the latter two methods. Within the macrophages, G‐RBCs were fragmented into spherules by newly formed small vacuoles, and with time these spherules lost their hemoglobin content transforming into small vacuoles with translucent matrix. In most of these vacuoles, red cell membrane structure was discernible adjacent to the phagocytic vacuole. Such macrophages containing abundant small vacuoles appear foamy in light microscopy. Foamy cells induced by injection of red blood cell membranes were positive for lipid stains and contained abundant laminated membrane structures in electron microscopy. These results suggest that the foamy cells related with increased erythrophagocytosis are heterogeneous with respect to their pathogenesis and cellular inclusions, and proteinaceous constituents resistant to intracellular digestion are also responsible for the occurrence of foamy cells.
CARDIAC RHABDOMYOMA ASSOCIATED WITH TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS
Authors: Yamashita Hiroto , Nagaoka Hiroshi , Matsushima Rintaro , Nakayama Iwao , Goto Kazuya , Ogawa Teruyuki , Fujii Hideharu
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of cardiac rhabdomyoma associated with tuberous sclerosis in a 27‐day‐old infant is presented. He was born with severe cyanosis. Echocardiogram revealed the presence of multiple mass lesions, some of which protruded into the left ventricle at the level of subaortic valve. From the age of 4 days, cardiac arrhythmia developed and lasted until his death. The arrythmia started as WPW syndrome and atrial extrasystoles and then additional paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, sinus arrest, and S‐A block occurred. Computed tomographic scanning of the brain revealed the presence of symmetric high‐density spots around the central part of lateral ventricle. Before his death paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia occurred frequently which changed to ventricular fibrillation and he collapsed without urination and then died. Autopsy examination revealed the presence of generalized congestion, multiple nodules of cardiac rhabdomyoma, some of which causing subaortic stenosis, and tuberous sclerosis in the brain. From the clinical and autopsy findings, the direct cause of death was attributable to the cardiac rhabdomyoma.
ADENOVIRUS HEPATITIS IN A PATIENT WITH SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Authors: Ohbu Makoto , Sasaki Ken‐ichi , Okudaira Masahiko , Iidaka Kikuo , Aoyama Yuzo
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of adenovirus hepatitis with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is presented. A 7‐month‐old female was admitted to the Kitasato University Hospital with chief complaint of persistent fever. A diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was made because of defective function in both T and B lymphocytes. Respiratory disturbance and severe hepatic dysfunction were manifested after admission. She died of respiratory failure on the 40th hospital day. Autopsy findings revealed many focal necroses scattered irregularly throughout the liver. Degenerating he‐patocytes around the focal necrosis contained nuclear inclusion bodies, and crystalline arrays of adenovirus virions were recognized in these cells by electron microscopy. Adenovirus antigens were brilliantly detected in the nuclear inclusion bodies by indirect immunofluorescence.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA, LARGE CELL IMMUNOBLASTIC CLEAR CELL SHOWING UNUSUAL HISTOLOGIC PICTURE
Authors: Kajiwara Masaharu , Shimizu Tohru , Takami Tsuyoshi , Yamashiro Katsushige , Mikuni Chikara , Miyakawa Akira
Published: January 2009

A case of malignant lymphoma, large cell, immunoblastic clear cell (WF) in a 59‐year‐old woman was reported. This patient showed no remarkable symptoms except generalized lymphadenopathy and slightly elevated serum levels of IgG and IgM. Histologic examinations were performed twice at about 6 months interval. Marked differences were noticed between the period, and they were histopathologically interesting and unusual findings. By immunological staining in situ, T‐clear cells showed a subset marker of helper/ inducer's characteristics. It was suggested that this case was different from AILD‐like T‐cell lymphoma in histogenesis. The results of marker study and the changes in histopathological morphology among two biopsied specimens were presented.
MASSIVE OSTEOLYSIS OF THE MANDIBLE
Authors: Takeda Yasunori , Kuroda Masafumi , Suzuki Atsumi , Fujioka Yukio , Takayama Kazuo
Published: January 2009

This report deals with a massive osteolysis, which is a rare disease characterized by the progressive dissolution of contiguous osseous structure, occurring in the mandible of a 46‐year‐old Japanese female. Histopathologic examination of the amputation material revealed that the mandibular body, ramus, condylar and coronoid processes were completely replaced by fibrous tissue, but inferior alveolar nerve and artery in the lesion were intact. A few small islands of osteoid tissue or immature fibrous bone were seen in the lesion. In the transitional area between the lesion and normal bone, active absorption of bone trabeculae was in progress and intertrabecular spaces were occupied by densely packed fibroblastic cells, however, angiomatous proliferation of vessels was not observed. A few bone trabeculae were surrounded by osteoclasts, but osteoclasts might not play a primary etiological role in massive osteolysis.
PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA WITH A PREDOMINANTLY MYOEPITHELIAL PROLIFERATION OF THE VAGINA
Authors: Watanabe Hideto , Katsuda Shogo , Okada Yoshikatsu , Ooi Akishi , Ueno Hiroiku
Published: January 2009

A case of pleomorphic adenoma of the vagina in a 44‐year‐old woman was described. The tumor was a submucosal mass measuring 3.5 times 2×2 cm and located in the left lateral wall 1.5 cm inside the introitus. Histologically, it was predominantly composed of sheets and strands of spindle‐shaped or polygonal cells focally dispersed in the myxoid tissue to form pseudomicrocysts. Ultra‐structure demonstrated the basal lamina, desmosomes, variable amounts of filaments of both intermediate and microfilament, and occasionally microvilli in these tumor cells indicating that dominant cells were myoepithelial in nature. With immunohistochemical studies, keratin and cytokeratin were positive, whereas, S‐100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, secretory component, and lysozyme were negative. The previously published cases were reviewed and compared with the present case.
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON PULMONARY HYPOPLASIA IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS
Authors: Itoh Kyoko , Suzuki Junko , Sakuragi Kenji , Uemura Kanjiro , Lee Yokei , Negishi Hirokuni , Itoh Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

Seven VLBW infants with pulmonary hypoplasia (P.H.) were studied retrospectively and their necropsied lungs were analyzed morphologically and histometrically in an attempt to entablish the clinical and pathological criteria of P.H. Clinically they had various features as follows; 1) causes with oligohydramnios due to amniotic fluid leakage, 2) bell‐shaped chest and/or small lung radiographically, 3) severe respiratory distress Immediately after birth, 4) frequent complications with air leaks, lethal within several hours after birth. Pathologically they showed a series of changes; 1) remarkably decreased LW: BW ratios, less than 0.015, 2) decreased number of alveoli per alveolar duct, less than 3 or 4 alveoli/duct compared with 6.5 of normal controls at 28 weeks' gestation, 3) immature duct system and increased interstitium which suggested delay in growth and structural maturation of the lungs. It is suggested that the tendency to develop pulmonary air leaks is not only due to high pressure ventilation but also to histological immaturity of the lungs.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF PEPTIDE YY IN GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOCRINE TUMORS
Authors: Takatoh Hidekichi , Iwamoto Hisashi , Ikezu Mitsuru , Katoh Norio , Ito Seiki , Kaneko Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

Fourteen cases of gastrointestinal endocrine tumors were examined im‐munohistochemically for peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon, and somatostatin. Peptide YY cells were present in seven tumors, pancreatic polypeptide cells in eight tumors, glucagon cells in six tumors, and somatostatin cells in nine tumors. All 7 rectal endocrine tumors examined were found to contain peptide YY, while in the tumors of the other sites peptide YY cells were not detected. Peptide YY cell population in the rectal tumors was small to moderate in comparison with pancreatic polypeptide and glucagon cell population. This study suggests that peptide YY cells may be a common constituent of rectal endocrine tumors together with pancreatic polypeptide and glucagon cells, and that the peptide YY spectrum of gastrointestinal endocrine tumors may be closely related to the location of the tumors. Moreover, it can also be said that peptide YY may be used as one of the markers of rectal endocrine tumors.
DYSPLASIA OF GALLBLADDER
Authors: Yamagiwa Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

Twenty‐three cases of dysplasia of the gallbladder and 38 cases of carcinoma with surrounding dysplasia were investigated. The dysplasia did not show any remarkable lesion and consisted of atypical basophilic cells with oval or round nuclei. The ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm (N/C) ratio was usually larger than the normal epithelial cells. For the combined dysplasia, it has been considered that 1) the dysplasia arose as well‐differentiated carcinoma, 2) appeared synchronously, 3) arose secondarily, and 4) appeared as a precancerous lesion. Intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma showed similar characteristics as to location and mucin‐chemistry. According to CEA stain by PAP method, the dysplasia and carcinoma showed similar characteristics. It may be considered that the sequence of intestinal metaplasia‐dysplasia‐carcinoma is important.
MALIGNANT GRANULAR CELL TUMOR OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: Ohmori Takaaki , Arita Norimasa , Uraga Naomi , Tabei Ryo , Tani Masashi , Okamura Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

Malignant granular cell tumor of the esophagus found in a 70‐year‐old female was reported. Microscopically, the tumor showed a variety of the histology from compact proliferation of polygonal granular cells in pseudo‐epitheliomatous pattern to plexiform proliferation of elongated granular and fibroblastic cells in neuroflbromatous pattern, and the tumor cells frequently contained eosinophilic globules in the cytoplasm. Histochemically, argyrophilic neurofibrils in the stroma and argyrophilic cytoplasmic processes or grains were seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive reaction with S–100 protein (S–100), but all reactions with myoglobin (MG), desmin (DM), fibronectin (FN), creatinine phosphokinase–mm (CPK), factor gthrelated antigen (F8RA), alpha–1–antitrypsin (AIAT), alpha–1–anti–chymotrypsin (AIACT), keratin (KN), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were negative. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor cells had typical lysosomal granules filled with proteinaceous electron dense materials and fine membrane‐bound particles sized 15 to 45 nm resembling virus or neurosecretory granule.
SO‐CALLED “PAPILLARY and CYSTIC NEOPLASM OF THE PANCREAS”
Authors: Kamisawa Terumi , Fukayama Masashi , Koike Morio , Tabata Ikuo , Okamoto Atsutake
Published: January 2009

A case of so‐called “papillary and cystic neoplasm of the pancreas” (PCNP) was reported and investigated immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. A tumor of the pancreatic head in a 21‐year‐old female was curatively resected. The tumor was cystic and histologically consisted of uniform cells in papillary and solid structure. Although there was no immunoreactivity for pancreatico‐gut hormones or secretory products of the pancreas in the tumor cells, most of the tumor cells were diffusely immunoreactive for neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Some neurosecretory granules were detected in the tumor cells ultrastructurally. Both facts suggested endocrine cell character of the tumor. Certain cases of PCNP might show a differentiation to endocrine cells.
ANAPLASTIC CARCINOMA OF THE THYROID WITH OSTEOCLAST‐LIKE GIANT CELLS
Authors: Kobayashi Shoji , Yamadori Ichiro , Ohmori Masaki , Kurokawa Tatsuo , Umeda Masakichi
Published: January 2009

An unusual anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with osteoclast‐like giant cells is reported in a 72‐year‐old woman. Monotonous proliferation of variously sized mononuclear tumor cells interspersed with numerous osteoclast‐like multinucleated giant cells was dominant. A small area of papillary carcinoma merging with the anaplastic carcinoma was disclosed. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells forming papillary pattern were positive for both thyroglobulin and keratin. Cells and cell clusters positive for keratin were found in anaplastic carcinoma. Electron microscopically, the anaplastic carcinoma cells displayed prominent mitochondria, a rough endoplasmic reticulum, and intermediate cell junctions. The cell clusters formed irregular lumina into which numerous microvilli were extended and which contained colloid‐like material. Occasionally incomplete basal laminae were present. Cell clusters showing transitional pictures from cell clusters to multinucleated giant cells and multinucleated giant cells engulfing mononuclear tumor cells were observed by both light and electron microscopy. Findings from this study support the conclusion that anaplastic tumor cells arise in preexisting differentiated thyroid cancer and that associated multinucleated giant cells are formed by the fusion of carcinoma cells.
THREE CASES OF SECONDARY LEUKEMIA
Authors: Nemoto Keiichi , Honma Keiichi , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Abe Michiyuki , Abe Atsushi
Published: January 2009

Three cases of secondary leukemia developing after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for myeloma, mycosis fungoides, and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma are reported. The first case was a 51‐year‐old man with IgG‐λ myeloma, treated with melphalan and prednisolone, who developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia 54 months after the diagnosis of myeloma. The second case was a 54‐year‐old woman with mycosis fungoides treated with radiation, predonine, and cyclophosphamide, who developed acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 298 months after the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. The third case was a 35‐year‐old woman with stage IV non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with VEMP who developed acute myelogenous leukemia 26 months after the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. All cases showed pancytopenia and two of three cases had morphologic abnormality in several hemopoietic cell lineages in the leukemic stage. There is a possibility that second malignancies are an increasingly recognized complication in the patients treated with a large amount of chemo‐radiotherapy.
ARGYROPHILIC ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE WITH PANETH CELL‐LIKE GRANULES
Authors: Haratake Joji , Horie Akio , Ito Kenji
Published: January 2009

A prostatic adenocarcinoma with argyrophilla and many Paneth cell‐like granules in a 91‐year‐old man is reported. The initial symptom was pollakisuria, and the laboratory data showed no significant abnormality except for moderate anemia. Through radiologic examinations a right hydronephrosis and metastatic cancer of the lumbar vertebra were suspected. Because prostatic cancer was suspected, a needle biopsy of the prostate was performed. Routine histologic examinations revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. By hematoxylin and eosin stain, eosinophilic large granules like those of Paneth cells were found in many cancer cells. In addition, argyrophilic cancer cells were seen by Grimelius' stain. Immunoperoxidase staining elucidated a definite reactivity for lysozyme in the granules like Paneth cells. Ultrastructurally, the granules of Paneth cell‐like cancer cells were electron‐dense spherical bodies with a medium diameter of 540 nm. Prostatic adenocarcinoma with argyrophilla is rare, and the argyrophilic adenocarcinoma with Paneth cell‐like granules is very rare in the prostate.
PRIMARY TRABECULAR CARCINOID OF THE OVARY
Authors: Hayashi Morimoto , Yabuki Yoshihiko , Asamoto Akihiro , Kohno Naoko , Ohta Goroku
Published: January 2009

A case of primary trabecular carcinoid of the ovary apparently occurring from the foregut element of a mature cystic teratoma was reported. The tumor was found incidentally and resected surgically from a 56‐year‐old female. The cystic teratoma found in the tumor was composed of only respiratory epithelium except a colliculus which showed a picture of tonsil‐like tissue. No thyroid tissue was found. The trabeculae of the tumor cells were longer and wavier near the cystic teratoma, while they were straight and short at the periphery. The tumor cells had argyrophil granules but negative in argentaffin granules. The electronmicroscopy revealed many round neurosecretory granules measuring from 170 to 290 nm in diameter. The histogenesis was also discussed.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A PLEOMORPHIC LIPOSARCOMA
Authors: Suzuki Toshimitsu
Published: January 2009

A pleomorphic liposarcoma originated from the epicardial fatty tissue was studied with an electron microscope. The transmission electron microscopic examination revealed fibroblastic, myofibroblastic and primitive mesenchymal cells. Fibroblastic cells characterized by irregular nucleus with abundant heterchromatin and dilated cisternae were most frequently encountered, and the myofibroblastic cells, secondly in frequency, contained bundles of microfilaments with occasional dense bodies and outlined by discontinuous thin basal lamina. The primitive mesenchymal cells had mainly oval nucleus and electron lucent cytoplasm with poorly to moderately developed cell organellae. Some of the multinucleated giant cells relatively frequently observed revealed the aggregates of filaments with dense bodies at the cell margin. Many of them, irrespective of cell types, contained lipid droplets in the cytoplasm with various sizes. These observations suggest that a pleomorphic liposarcoma, at least a few of them, might contain not only fibroblastic, primitive mesenchymal but also myofibroblastic tumor cells with morphological varieties.
DISSEMINATED VISCERAL GIANT CELL ARTERITIS
Authors: Morita Takashi , Kamimura Akira , Koizumi Fumitomo
Published: January 2009

Autopsy findings of disseminated visceral giant cell arteritis in a 78‐year‐old man who was in chronic renal failure for two years were presented. Arteritis had not been suspected clinically and definite diagnosis was made after the autopsy. Only small arteries and arterioles were Involved. The arteritis was characterized by granulomatous lesion with exclusively multinucleated giant cells. Fibrinoid necrosis with polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration was found only in one arteriole of the stomach. The arteritis was distributed in the heart, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, prostate, and lymph nodes, but not in the aorta and brain. This peculiar type of arteritis was reported only by LIE AND the entity was designated as disseminated visceral giant cell arteritis.
HISTOPATHOLOGIGAL STUDY OF HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH PROGRESSION TO LEFT VENTRICULAR DILATATION
Authors: Yutani Chikao , Imakita Masami , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Nagata Seiki , Sakakibara Hiroshi , Nimura Yasuharu
Published: January 2009

The heart of seven cases of fatal congestive heart failure with dilated left ventricle, developing in 5 patients with symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 2 patients with histologically widespread disarray of both ventricles, was morphologically investigated. These 7 cases showed myocardial widespread disarray and massive fibrosis, the mean percent area of fibrosis was 40.6% and 59.4% at upper and lower levels of left ventricles, respectively. Fibrosis was most extentsive in the lateral wall, and followed by anterior, posterior and interventricular walls. The severity of cell infiltration in left ventricle was completely matched to that of fibrosis and was most extensive in subepicardial area followed by middle and subendocardial areas of left ventricle. The intima and medial thickness of intramural small arteries in the fibrotic areas was significantly larger (p<0.05) than that of nonfibrotic areas, which suggested that the effect of intramural small artery was not essential for pathogenesis of massive fibrosis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1041 ‐1052, 1987.
MELANOCYTES IN THE NASAL CAVITY and PARANASAL SINUS Incidence and Distribution in Japan
Authors: Uehara Toshitaka , Matsubara Osamu , Kasuga Tsutomu
Published: January 2009

Random, nonselected tissue specimens from 99 Japanese‐20 cylindrically cut nasal blocks removed during autopsy (A.C., Autopsy Cases) and 79 cases removed during surgery, consisting of 32 chronic sinusitis cases (G.S.) and 47 nasal polyp cases (N.P.)‐were examined histopathologlcally and electronmi‐croscopically with respect to distribution and frequency of melanocytes in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus. Malignant melanoma cases were excluded. The overall incidence of positive cases for melanocytes revealed 21.2% (21 of 99 cases), with an incidence ratio of male to female of 0.9:1.0. Melanocytes were found beginning in the under 19 age group with incidence increasing proportionately with age. Peak incidence was in the 50‐year age group at 50%. Melanocytes and melanotic cell foci were distributed in the stroma of the propria mucosa beneath the pseudostratifled columnar epithelium and focused around the nasal and paranasal glands and sinuses. In 2 of the 21 cases positive for stromal melanocytes, intraepithelial melanocytes with dendritic processes were found. The histogenesis of malignant melanoma arising from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus are also discussed in this study. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1105–1114, 1987.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY ON THE PULMONARY PARENCHYMA OF THE NEONATES FOLLOWING PROLONGED MECHANICAL VENTILATION
Authors: Takemura Tamiko , Akamatsu Hiroshi
Published: January 2009

The ultra structural alterations in the pulmonary parenchyma were studied in four premature babies with the respiratory distress syndrome who were treated by prolonged mechanical ventilation from 43 to 172 days. Macrophages and fibroblasts passed through a defect of the epithelial basement membrane to encompass the hyaline membrane. Thickening and reduplication of epithelial and capillary basement membrane, varying patterns of epithelial regeneration, i.e., hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes and cuboidal cells, and proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were observed in the alveolar walls. In the emphysematous areas, elastic fibers were condensed and thickened, or fragmented. All these changes were more pronounced in premature babies, who underwent concentrations of more than 80% of oxygen and high positive end‐expiratory pressures (>30 cm H20) for long periods. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1115–1126, 1987.
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA WITH CHONDROSARCOMATOUS VARIATION
Authors: Ooi Akishi , Katsuda Shogo , Nakanishi Isao , Nakamura Noriko , Matsushita Fumiaki , Tanaka Nobuyoshi , Kobayashi Kenichi
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of hepatocellular carcinoma with a sarcomatous component in a 63‐year‐old woman was described. A massive tumor measuring 15 times 15 times 10 cm almost replaced the left lobe of the liver and extended to the right atrium of the heart. Histologically the tumor was a typical hepatocellular carcinoma of adult type, except in the central portion where there was gradual replacement of the carcinoma by spindle‐shaped atypical cells with areas of chondrosarcomatous tissue. Some of the spindle cells were immunohisto‐chemically positive for keratin, and the sarcomatous component was not found in the metastatic foci of liver and lungs. Reported cases of mixed hepatic tumor of adults in the literature were reviewed, and discussion was made concerning the nosology of the present tumor. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1165 ‐1173, 1987.
MINUTE CARCINOID TUMOR OF THE UTERINE CERVIX ASSOCIATED WITH MICROINVASIVE ADENOCARCINOMA, WITH REFERENCE TO ITS HISTOGENESIS
Authors: Muraoka Shunji , Takahashi Tatsuro , Ando Masakatsu , Nishikawa Yuji , Fujita Masahiro , Shimoda Akihisa
Published: January 2009

A rare case of carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix associated with adenocarcinoma was reported. The carcinoid tumor was composed of round to polygonal cells showing solid or trabecular proliferation. Most of these cells and a small number of isolated cells wedged in neoplastic glands were positive with either Grimelius or Fontana‐Masson stains, and also positive for serotonin by immunostain (PAP method). Positively stained cells were thus considered to have the same histochemical nature as enterochromaffln cell. The carcinoid tumor was minute, about 2×2 mm and the adenocarcinoma was a microinvasive one. In some parts, smooth transition between both tumor components was observed. From these findings, it is suggested that both the carcinoid tumor and the adenocarcinoma in the present case were derived from a primitive precursor cell of common mesodermal origin. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1183–1198, 1987.
CLASSIFICATION OF CARDIAC RUPTURE COMPLICATED IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Shozawa Takeshi , Masuda Hirotake , Sageshima Masato , Kawamuba Koichi , Okada Eikichi , Saito Naotoshi
Published: January 2009

Thirty of 32 cases with cardiac rupture (CR) complications in the myocardial infarction were found out of a total of 91 cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The mean age of the ruptured group in females was significantly younger than that of the non‐ruptured group. Twenty‐one cases showed free wall rupture of the left ventricle, six perforation of ventricular septum and three double rupture. All cardiac ruptures occurred in cases of transmural infarction. The age of AMI was histologically estimated. Nine cases complicated within the first 24 hours of AMI showed rupture of the left anterior wall. CR in the periphery within the infarct occurred at any time during the first week after onset, and cases of the central rupture were increased in number after the 3rd day of AMI. Pathologic findings indicated that elevated wall tension was considered to be most closely related to the cause of CR. Thirty two cases of CR were classified into three types: (1) blowout type, (2) hemorrhagic dissecting type, and (3) thinning‐with‐rupture type. Hemorrhagic dissecting type was characterized by multiple endocardial ulcers and Assure canals extending from the ulcer with hemorrhage in the surrounding myocardium. Complex Assure was seen in two cases of this type.
DERMATOPATHIC LYMPHADENOPATHY
Authors: Asano Shigeyuki , Muramatsu Takao , Kanno Hiromu , Wakasa Haruki
Published: January 2009

Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy (DPL) is characterized by lymph node enlargement with reactive process and is generally caused by chronic inflammatory skin disease. Interdigitating reticulum cells (IDCs) with broad cytoplasm, innumerable cytoplasmic interdigitation, and bizarre shaped nuclei are the most striking cell type in DPL. According to the shape of the nucleus, arrangement of the tubulovesicular complexes (TVC) and amount of melanin granules, these cells fall into two types: type I has a marked indented nucleus, innumerable TVC and some desmosomal junctions and fewer melanin granules, while type II has a large amount of melanin granules. On the other hand, LCs contain a few loose melanin granules. It appears that IDCs and Langer‐hans cells (LCs), surrounded by T‐lymphocytes, are similar in morphology and function, but both of them can be characterized by the positive of S‐100 protein and Leu 6, absence of lysozymes and CEA by PAP method, and positive of ATP‐ase and ACP‐ase, and they differ only by having or not having Birbeck granules. The mechanism of the proliferation of IDCs in DPL and delineation of the functional relationship between the accessory cells and the T‐lymphocytes remains to be investigated. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:887–900, 1987.
AN IMMUNO‐ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON INTRA and EXTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF ALPHA‐FETOPROTEIN IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Okada Kazunari , Nakayama Iwao , Kobayashi Michio
Published: January 2009

Intra and extracellular localization of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) has been studied by an indirect peroxidase labeled antibody method using 12 cases of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With light microscopic observation, positive immuno‐staining for AFP was observed in 6 out of 12 cases and demonstrated as granular or diffuse deposits in the cytoplasm of neoplastic hepatocytes. In electron microscopic studies, 8 cases showed the positive immuno‐staining for AFP in the neoplastic hepatocytes. Intracellular antigen was well circumscribed within certain cell organelles with the positive immuno‐staining for AFP being observed in perinuclear space, cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Golgi complexes, and secretory vesicles. In addition, the positive immuno‐staining for AFP was observed in bile canaliculus‐like space in most cases with increased levels of serum AFP and in some cases which showed normal levels of serum AFP. Furthermore, the positive immuno‐staining for AFP was also observed in intercellular, Disse's‐like and sinusoid‐like spaces, and micropinocytotic and lysosome‐like vesicles in the endothelial cells in a few cases which showed excessively high value of serum AFP. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:915–928, 1987.
DIETARY MAGNESIUM EFFECT ON SWINE CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS INDUCED BY HYPERVITAMINOSIS D
Authors: Ito Masahiro , Serine Ichiro , Kummerow Fred A.
Published: January 2009

The effects of magnesium (Mg) supplement on coronary arteries of 61 swine, fed various levels of vitamin D3 (VD3), were studied by light and electron microscopy. High frequencies of smooth muscle cell degeneration were observed in groups of swine fed various levels of excess VD3. Swine fed moderately excessive level of VD3 with a basal level of Mg displayed great incidence and magnitude of intimal thickening, while swine fed the same level of VD3 with supplementary Mg sustained only mild intimal thickening. In groups of swine fed high levels of VD3, the prevention of calcification and smooth muscle cell degeneration was observed as a supplementary Mg effect. Plasma analyses indicated that supplementary Mg with excess VD3 increased cholesterol levels but decreased arterial damage. It is concluded that the dietary Mg supplement prevents coronary atherosclerosis induced by hypervitaminosis D.
DIISOPROPANOLNITROSAMINE (DIPN) INDUCED RAT THYROID LESIONS
Authors: Kawaoi Akira , Moriyama Shinichi
Published: January 2009

DIPN induced localized lesions of the rat thyroid gland are described histologically and classified into three major types: type 1, foci of cellular alteration; type 2, proliferative nodules; and type 3, overt carcinomas. Follicular, papillary and mixed papillofollicular subtypes are recognized in the type 2 lesions, and follicular, papillary, anaplastic and mixed subtypes in the type 3 lesions. The nature of the individual lesions is discussed.
EXPERIMENTAL TUMORS OF MYXOID MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA and HYALURONIC ACID PRODUCTION
Authors: Hagari Yoshitaka , Yumoto Tokichi
Published: January 2009

Using B‐10 tumor cells originated from mouse peritoneal macrophages transformed by simian virus 40, we succeeded in producing tumors in an ascitic form similar to human myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The tumor cells possessed Fc and C3 receptors, immunophagocytic activity, and lysosomal enzymes. They showed pseudopodic extensions of the cytoplasm containing lysosomes. Therefore, they maintained the functional and morphological characteristics of macrophages. On cellulose acetate electrophoresis with or without enzymatic degradation, the ascitic fluid contained a single component of glycosaminoglycans; hyaluronic acid. Electron microscopy utilizing dia‐lyzed iron demonstrated electron‐dense reaction products on the cell surfaces. Thus, the histiocytic origin of malignant fibrous histiocytoma was suggested and possibility was expressed, concerning the histogenesis of myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma, that the transformed tumor cells could synthesize hyaluronic acid on the cell surface and release it into the stroma. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:975–988, 1987.
SPINDLE CELL CARCINOMA OF THE UTERUS
Authors: Hirose Takanori , Sano Toshiaki , Abe Jun‐ichi , Hizawa Kazuo , Mori Toshiyuki
Published: January 2009

A case of spindle cell carcioma of the uterus in a 56‐year‐old woman is reported. Microscopically, it showed an intimate admixture of epithelial and sarcomatous elements. The epithelial nature, especially the squamous cell nature, in sarcomatous areas was indicated by immunoreactivity for keratin and ultrastructural characters, such as bundles of tonofilaments and some cell junctions, while the tumor cells in these areas were also vimentin‐positive. Furthermore, ultrastructural study and immunostaining for actin demonstrated myofilaments in tumor cells in both tumor nests and sarcomatous areas. This may impart the high degree of invasiveness of spindle cell carcinoma.
PAPILLARY ADENOMA IN A LATERAL CERVICAL CYST
Authors: Suzuki Toshimitsu
Published: January 2009

A lateral cervical cyst located in the left lower neck and had no connection with the thymus, thyroid or parotid gland has been described. Its origin might be the remnant of thymic duct, since Hassal's corpuscle‐like structure was found in the cystic wall, although established thymic tissue could not be detected. The most interesting feature of the cyst was that the lining showed papillary adenoma approximately in one‐fifth of the luminar surface, whereas the rest was lined by either cuboidal to columnar, nonciliated epithelial cells or metaplastic squamous epithelial cells. This is the first documented case of papillary adenoma in a lateral cervical cyst of possible thymic duct origin. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1019–1024, 1987.
MERKEL CELL TUMOR
Authors: Kitazawa Mikio , Watanabe Hisashi , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Shitara Atsuyuki , Nitto Heita
Published: January 2009

A Merkel cell tumor appeared on the left cheek of an 83‐year‐old female was reported. The tumor was located mainly in the dermis and infiltrated to the subcutaneous adipose tissue with an involvement of the blood vessels and lymphatics at the periphery. Electron‐microscopically, few of the dense‐cored granules and the single globular aggregates of intermediate filaments at the nuclear indentations were observed. Electron‐microscopic uranaffin reaction proved positive reaction on the dense‐cored granules. Half of the cytoplasmic border was smooth, while the rest had short projections. Desmosomes or junctional complexes were not detected among the tumor cells. Immunohisto‐chemically, the cytoplasm of tumor cell showed positive reaction to both neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and keratin. The single globular positive spots of the latter were localized in accordance with the aggregates of intermediate filaments. These findings suggested a neurogenic origin with double differentiation, epithelial and neuroendocrine, of the Merkel cell tumor. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1025–1032, 1987.
LOCALIZATION OF FERRITIN IN HUMAN LIVER DISEASES STUDIED BY IMMUNO‐HISTOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNO‐ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC PROCEDURES
Authors: Ishimatsu Toshiyuki , Nakayama Iwao
Published: January 2009

Localization of ferritin using a pre‐embedding diffusion technique and an indirect localization sequence has been made in 34 cases of human liver under normal and several pathological conditions. With light microscopic observation, positive immuno‐staining for ferritin was demonstrated as diffuse deposits in the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Intensity of the positive immuno‐staining for ferritin in these cells appeared to roughly coincide with serum ferritin levels of each patient, but showed no disease specificity, although hepatoma cells contained weak deposits or were negative from immuno‐staining for ferritin. With electron microscopic studies, intracellular antigen was well preserved in the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in most cases with the positive immuno‐staining for ferritin being observed in cytosol and a few cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Content of the positive immuno‐staining for ferritin differed considerably from one case to another and one cell to another even in the same case. There was no immuno‐staining for ferritin in hemosiderin pigment, lysosome, most of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes, and nucleus in both cells.
CORRELATION BETWEEN GLYCOCONJUGATE EXPRESSION AND FUCOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Yonezawa Suguru , Matsushita Yoshifumi , Muramatsu Hisako , Arita Yuko , Nakamura Takao , Muramatsu Takashi , Sato Eiichi
Published: January 2009

Using the surgically extirpated specimens from 9 patients with colorectal carcinoma, fucosyltransferase activities in the carcinoma tissue and the normal mucosa were measured and were compared with the hlstochemical findings of glycoconjugates which were shown by staining with lectins reacting with blood group antigens and related substances. The fucosyltransferase activities of the carcinoma tissue were well correlated with the overall findings of lectin stainings after neuraminidase treatment. The more intense the carcinoma tissue was stained, the higher the fucosyltransferase activity was shown. However, there were marked differences in the fucosyltransferase activities by the portions measured, depending upon the relative amount of carcinoma tissue and Interstitial tissue; in the invasive portion with less carcinoma tissue, the activity was generally low in comparison with that in the surface area where carcinoma tissue was rather abundant. Thus, the morphological and lectin hlstochemical finding are of paramount importance for the eveluation of glycosyltransferase activity in human colorectal carcinoma.