bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mecanismos para compartir información crediticia. Evidencia internacional y la experiencia mexicana
Authors:   Banco de México, Negrín José Luis
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo analiza la experiencia mexicana en el desarrollo de mecanismos para compartir información crediticia, denominados burós de crédito o Sociedades de Información Crediticia (SIC); para ello, se estudia el origen, evolución y funcionamiento de estas instituciones tanto a nivel teórico, como de experiencia internacional. Los burós de crédito permiten enfrentar los problemas de información asimétrica que conlleva la actividad crediticia; la identificación de los individuos impone una mayor disciplina de pago, permite un mejor análisis de riesgo y reduce el costo del crédito, todo lo cual redunda en una asignación de recursos más eficiente. Cuando el mercado es suficientemente amplio y los sujetos de crédito son heterogéneos o de alta movilidad las SICs pueden tener un origen privado y espontáneo; si este no fuera el caso, las autoridades financieras pueden formar un Registro Público de Información Crediticia (RPIC) de participación obligatoria. La experiencia internacional que se presenta, muestra que existe una estrecha correlación entre la profundidad del mercado de crédito y el desarrollo de mecanismos para compartir información; indica también que los países que poseen burós de origen privado, cuentan con mayor profundidad informativa que aquellos que poseen un RPIC; adicionalmente, en todos los países se observa una tendencia hacia la concentración industrial. En México el crédito ha tenido una importancia limitada; por tanto, los mecanismos de información presentan una profundidad baja. Desde 1964 el Banco de México ha operado un RPIC, el cual posee una cobertura restringida. La expansión del crédito de principios de los años noventa evidenció las restricciones informativas, por lo que, de 1993 a 1998, se conformó una regulación que promueve la entrada de SICs y fomenta la formación de bases de datos amplias. Desde entonces, tres empresas han entrado al mercado. Una de ellas, el Buró de Crédito, es resultado de la asociación de los bancos comerciales mexicanos con Trans Union y Dunn and Bradstreet; esta SIC, ha mostrado un gran dinamismo, desplazando al RPIC y cubriendo algunos segmentos de información distintos. Las otras dos empresas han salido del mercado. Esto parece indicar que el sistema crediticio mexicano actualmente es muy pequeño para permitir la supervivencia de varias empresas de información. Aunque es aún muy pronto para evaluar la regulación, puede afirmarse que hoy en día se cuenta con mejor cobertura que la que existía a principios de la década de los noventa. El fortalecimiento de esta industria es una condición necesaria pero no suficiente para reactivar el crédito; sin embargo, en tanto el crédito no se eleve, el desarrollo del sector encontrará un límite cuando se llene el vacío de información que hoy aún existe.
La importancia de la protección de los derechos de propiedad en el sistema financiero y en el crecimiento económico
Authors:   Banco de México, Martínez Trigueros Lorenza
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es el de estudiar la importancia e influencia de algunos instrumentos a disposición del gobierno para proteger los derechos de propiedad de acreedores garantizados y accionistas minoritarios sobre el desarrollo de los mercados financieros y, en última instancia, sobre el crecimiento económico. Con este fin se realiza un análisis econométrico de corte transversal con una muestra de 47 países para el período 1976-93. Los resultados más relevantes indican que una regulación adecuada en materia de protección a acreedores y accionistas minoritarios contribuye significativamente al desarrollo del sistema financiero. La realización de reformas legales en estos ámbitos en México podría aumentar la tasa de crecimiento económico entre 0.8 y 1.6 puntos porcentuales
COVID -19 AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Nath Gopal Chandra
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Covid 19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). Diabetes Mellitus is a significant predictor of mortality and morbidity in patients with Covid 19. Aims and objective: This study was done to understand the Covid 19 disease in diabetes and its management. Materials and methods: In this study we tried to understand the protocols of management of covid 19 in patients with Diabetes mellitus. Results: What we found in our patients is that rigorous glucose monitoring with careful consideration of drug interactions might decrease the worsening of symtoms and the complications. Conclusion: As patients with Diabetes Mellitus are having severe disease in term of Covid 19 infection, these patients should be strictly monitored and early isolation, diagnosis and early management might collectively contribute to the better control of the disease and outcome. Due to limited number of cases studied, more such studies are needed to understand the pathophysiology of the association between Diabetes and Covid 19.
GIANT INGUINO-SCROTAL HERNIA WITH DUODENAL PERFORATION AND BILIARY PERITONITIS - A RARE CASE REPORT WITH LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: A Mohamad Safwan. , TG Jithu , AA Najeeb , Babu Sandeep
Published: October 2020

Background: Giant inguino-scrotal hernias are unusual, and associated with duodenal perforation causing peritonitis is an extremely rare presentation.
Case presentation: A 73 year old gentleman presented to the Emergency department (ED) with sudden onset of lower abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, and constipation. He had a huge right sided inguino-scrotal swelling. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen showed massive inguino-scrotal hernia containing pylorus, part of duodenum and loops of jejunum, ileum and large bowel upto descending colon as contents with signs of perforation. Labs were suggestive of sepsis. At emergency surgery, perforation of the second part of duodenum with generalized peritonitis was evident. Closure of the perforation and drainage was done as a damage control procedure and definitive hernia repair was deferred for a later period. Despite intensive-care, the patient succumbed to sepsis postoperatively.
Conclusion: This is a rare presentation of duodenal perforation secondary to giant inguino-scrotal hernia causing biliary peritonitis ensuing in sepsis and death. We reviewed the literature on giant inguinal hernia, and especially those associated with duodenal perforation.
PRIMARY SPLENIC LYMPHOMA: CAN TRUCUT BIOPSY AND R-CHOP SUPERSEDE SPLENECTOMY?
Authors: Sawhney Aanchal , Khataniar Mridusmita , Verma Roopal
Published: October 2020

Primary Splenic lymphoma is a rare type of Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the spleen with or without splenic hilar lymph nodes with preservation of other organ systems. In this case, we encountered a patient who presented with fever of unknown origin since 25 days and was diagnosed with Primary splenic lymphoma based on a tru cut biopsy which was then confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Patient was treated with Chemotherapy alone and showed no recurrence after 6 months of follow up. The aim of reporting this case is to have a high index of suspicion for rare malignancies like PSL in cases of FUO. Contrary to the current guidelines, use of trucut biopsy can be used as a promising investigation to diagnose PSL and treatment with chemotherapy with R-CHOP regimen alone prevented recurrence of the tumour. Investigations like PET-CT which have 100% accuracy in diagnosing PSL can reduce the number of operative procedures like splenectomy used for its diagnosis and treatment.
PATIENTS AND SURGEON RELATED VARIABLES FOR RECURRENCE AFTER INGUINAL HERNIA SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS.
Authors: Raj Vipin , Agarwal Sarina
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Inguinal hernia is still one of the commonest surgical procedures performed worldwide. The exact cause of occurrences still unknown but a lot of predisposing factors like family history, chronic cough; weight lifting, connective tissue disorders etc are depicted. As being the most common procedure performed so are its complications in which recurrence of primary condition leading to re-operation is quite common. So in this study we prospectively studied the various technical and patients related variables in association with recurrence.
Material and methods: we prospectively included 50 patients over a time period of 1 year, 4 months and correlated various technical and patient associated factors with recurrences. Result: Our study depicted that out of 6 patients that developed recurrence all of them were above 40 and in them pure tissue repair was done and mesh was not used Conclusion: we can say as that routine use of mesh in inguinal hernia surgery has a definite advantage over pure tissue repair and also surgery in older group of patient has higher chances of recurrences as compared to younger population.
On-Chip Intelligent Dynamic Frequency Scaling for Real-Time Systems
Authors: Sharma Prachi , Bera Arkid , Gupta Anu
Published: October 2020

To curb redundant power consumption in portable embedded and
real-time applications, processors are equipped with various Dynamic Voltage
and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) techniques. The accuracy of the prediction of
the operating frequency of any such technique determines how power-efficient
it makes a processor for a variety of programs and users. But, in the recent
techniques, the focus has been too much on saving power, thus, ignoring the
user-satisfaction metric, i.e. performance. The DVFS technique used to save
power, in turn, introduces unwanted latency due to the high complexity of
the algorithm. Also, many of the modern DVFS techniques provide feedback
manually triggered by the user to change the frequency to conserve energy
efficiently, thus, further increasing the reaction time. In this paper, we imple-
ment a novel Artificial Neural Networks-driven frequency scaling methodology,
which makes it possible to save power and boost performance at the same time,
implicitly i.e. without any feedback from the user. Also, to make the system
more inclusive concerning the kinds of processes run on it, we trained the
ANN not only for CPU-intensive programs but also on the ones that are more
memory-bound, i.e. which have frequent memory accesses during its average
CPU cycle. The proposed technique has been evaluated on Intel i7-4720HQ
Haswell processor and has shown performance boost by up to 20%, SoC power
savings up to 16%, and Performance per Watt improvement by up to 30%, as
compared to the existing DVFS technique. An open-source memory-intensive benchmark kit called Mibench was used to verify the utility of the suggested
technique.
Clenbuterol en la carne bovina comercializada en la cabecera departamental de Chiquimula, Guatemala.
Authors: Linares Díaz Alejandro José , Miranda Vivar Flor María
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo, parte de la importancia de determinar la presencia de clorhidrato de clenbuterol en la carne bovina, que se comercializan en la cabecera departamental de Chiquimula, con el fin de determinar si la sustancia es utilizada como estimulante y promotor de crecimiento en ganado, aun cuando existe prohibición nacional, en su uso para cualquier fin, determinando una alta presencia de la sustancia en las muestras analizadas. Adicionalmente, se hizo un estudio de opinión en la población del municipio de Chiquimula, para determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre la presencia, uso y riesgo a la salud pública, derivados del consumo de carne bovina con clorhidrato de clenbuterol. Se encontró una proporción considerable de casos positivos en las pruebas de laboratorio, situación que demuestra, el uso indiscriminado del componente, en dietas para animales en sistemas de ganado bovino de engorde. El estudio de opinión, demostró además que, existe muy poco conocimiento sobre lo que es el clenbuterol, los usos del mismo en la alimentación animal y los posibles riesgos por el consumo de carnes que posean algún tipo de concentración del estimulante.
Origen y presencia de Aflatoxinas M1 en leche bovina de fincas tradicionales, Chiquimula, Guatemala
Authors: Jiménez Raúl Jáuregui , Celis Vielman Edgar Allan
Published: October 2020

La FAO define a las aflatoxinas M1 (AFM1) como potentes  carcinógenos en humanos, sin embargo, existen pocos datos acerca de la contaminación de los alimentos para animales y de la leche bovina de consumo en el país. El estudio determinó la presencia de AFM1 en la leche y el manejo de los alimentos proporcionados a bovinos en producción en verano y lluvias del departamento de Chiquimula. Se tomó una muestra no probabilística por juicio a 34 fincas con muestreo aleatorio estratificado con afijación proporcional (siete en Chiquimula, 13 en Esquipulas, 14 en Concepción Las Minas). Las características de inclusión: uso de alimentos como rastrojos, granos, ensilados y alimentos concentrados, producir más de 50/L/día, la comercialización de la leche y subproductos; En el laboratorio a la muestra de leche se le determinó AFM1 con ELISA directa a partir del límite máximo de residuo (LMR) de 50ppt. Como resultados se encontró que 1036/L/leche/día estaban contaminados con AFM1 arriba del LMR (36.91%). Con una prueba T pareada se encontró que las lluvias si marcan una diferencia a la presencia de AFM1 en leche (p< .001). En verano los alimentos brindados fueron balanceados comerciales y ensilaje. Durante las lluvias utilizaron el pastoreo y ensilaje. Los resultados sirvieron para que el productor tomara conciencia de cómo evitar la contaminación con hongos en los alimentos proporcionados a sus vacas. Además, desconocen el impacto negativo que tienen las AFM1 en la salud humana y no saben que manejo dar a los alimentos contaminados con micotoxinas.
Current trends in the structure of eye injuries
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Ponomareva M. N. , Sakharova S. V. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, Tyumen, Pochinok E. M. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Fomina E. V. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Morozova M. A. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, Tyumen, Turlybekova D. A. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, Tyumen, Kokin A. S. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Lysova M. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

Aim. To identify current trends in hospital eye trauma based on the materials of the specialized ophthalmology department of a round-the-clock hospital. Materials and methods. The analysis of medical records of patients treated in the round-the-clock specialized ophthalmology department of the state medical establishment OKB No. 2 in the period since January 2017-2019. Results. During the analyzed period, 4948 patients were treated, of which 218 patients (5.6%) were identified for nosologies belonging to the category of eye trauma. Men are most often exposed to eye injuries (84%), in addition, in 62% of cases, these are young patients (18-44 years). The structure of eye trauma is almost unchanged: the leading position is occupied by penetrating wounds of the eyeball and contusions, the third place is occupied by burns, through wounds of the eyeball are rare. Conclusions. Given the poor prognosis of the outcome of a severe eyeball injury, it requires the introduction of modern types of microsurgical intervention using endovitreal surgery at the present stage.
The connection of the disease with a new coronavirus infection with the profession, medical and social examination and rehabilitation injured at work
Authors:   SPbPIME, St. Petersburg, Sevastianov M. A. , Bozhkov I. A. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikova, St. Petersburg, Bondarev S. A. ,   Sechenov University, Moscow, Vladimirova O. N. ,   Federal Scientific Center for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons named after G. A. Albrecht, St. Petersburg, Didelev A. V. ,   Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Moscow Region, Moscow, Ponomarenko G. N. ,   Federal Scientific Center for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons named after G. A. Albrecht, St. Petersburg
Published: October 2020

The new coronavirus infection has put a number of urgent tasks for the professional community on the effectiveness and timeliness of which not only the life and health of patients depends, but the health and quality of life of the medical workers themselves, especially in the case of infection with COVID-19 in the line of duty. The high incidence of acute occupational diseases caused by COVID-19 among medical workers requires appropriate correction of the mechanisms and procedures for linking the disease with the profession, medical and social expertise, rehabilitation and insurance coverage. In the article, the authors analyzed both the existing ones and those that came into force during the development of the pandemic, regulatory documents and methodological recommendations regulating the connection between the disease of a new coronavirus infection and the profession, methodological approaches to medical and social examination and rehabilitation in case of medical workers becoming ill with a new coronavirus infection and its consequences. Reasonable algorithms for the actions of medical workers are presented, starting from the moment of detecting an occupational disease until the moment of examination at the bureau of medical and social expertise in the event of a persistent loss of professional working capacity.
Videothoracoscopic resections in the surgical treatment of lung cancer
Authors:   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Tyumen, Sekhnyaidze D. D. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Schneider V. E. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen,   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Tyumen, Makhnev A. V. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

In the last two decades all over the world, endoscopic surgery is increasingly used in the treatment of cancer. Since the first publications at the end of the last century, many studies have been performed that have proven that the minimally invasive approach during the treatment of lung cancer is safe and effective from an oncological point of view and has a number of advantages over traditional traditional thoracotomy. Based on the literature review, the main purpose of this article is to discuss the extent to which endoscopic anatomical lung resections are used in the surgical treatment of lung cancer. The form presents the evolutionary aspects of the endoscopic method, data on the radicality of these interventions and their immediate results.
Preparation for the first childbirth: assessment of the impact on some characteristics of psychological status
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Prokhorova O. V.
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study of the influence of complex psycho-preventive preparation for childbirth in primiparous patients on some features of their psycho-emotional status. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional prospective study of 286 nulliparous women in full-term pregnancy, aged 21 to 35 years, was carried out, among them 142 pregnant women (the main group) attended courses of complex psycho-preventive preparation for childbirth in the third trimester of pregnancy. The control group consisted of 144 primiparas who did not attend antenatal training courses. To assess the psychological status of pregnant women, the method for assessing the psychological component of the gestational dominant (PCGD) was used according to I. V. Dobryakov. Anxiety was assessed according to the scale of situational and personal anxiety Ch.D. Spielberger and Yu.L. Khanina. Results. It was revealed that attending birth-giving women 4.8 times more often leads to the formation of the optimal type of psychological component of the gestational dominant. The effects of attending antenatal training classes on the level of situational anxiety in pregnant women are manifested in the form of a significant decrease in its level – OR 0.28 (95% CI 0.15-0.54). Conclusion. Comprehensive antenatal preparation for childbirth in primiparous leads to an improvement in some emotional characteristics of pregnant women, including the formation of the optimal type of psychological component of the gestational dominant and a decrease in situational anxiety.
Gender-specific behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in adolescent children
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Ushakova S. A. , Petrushina A. D. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Klyashev S. M. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Khalidullina O. Yu. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Khait O. V. ,   Tyumen Scientific Center for Cardiology – Branch of the Tomsk Scientific Research Center of the RAS, Tyumen, Kulichenko M. P. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study the gender characteristics of such behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases as low physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescent children. Materials and methods. A single-stage clinical study of a specially organized sample of older adolescent children aged 15-17 years (a decreed group for preventive medical examinations) living in urban and rural areas of the Tyumen region was performed in order to study the frequency of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDS). Results. Gender differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of behavioral NCDS in older adolescent children: Smoking for boys, low physical activity among girls. Low physical activity and Smoking were more common among urban girls compared to rural girls of the same age. Conclusion. The established gender characteristics of the frequency of occurrence of controlled NCDS in urban and rural children are the basis for planning and optimizing primary prevention in medical organizations that provide primary health care, including the organization of a modern model of school-oriented health care.
Predictive role of the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the population of residents of light iodine endemia
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Chistilina A. N. , Petrova Yu. A. ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Dorodneva E. F. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Petrov I. M. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

TyumenStudy the gender aspects of the prognostic rank of the concentration of LP (a) and the high normal content of thyroid-stimulating hormone at risk for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases in the population of mild iodine endemic residents according to a prospective observation (80 months). Materials and methods. 1501 people were examined, aged 49.25 ± 11.3 years (Me - 52 years, Q1-Q3 – 52; 59 years old), 29.91% of men (449/1501) and 70.09% of women (1052/1501) with excess body weight and obesity in 74.28% (1115/1502) and hypertension in 51.07% (766/1501). Results. In the group of study participants with IR ( ≥ 2.7), higher age, BMI, SBP, DBP, HDL cholesterol, TG, ApoA1, glucose, uric acid, CRP, FG and insulin. In general, in the population of inhabitants of mild iodine endemic, the risk of non-fatal cardiovascular events is associated with the presence of IR – χ2 = 4.36; p = 0.037. However, the prognostic significance of IR as a marker of CVR is confirmed exclusively in the group of females – χ2 = 5.7; p = 0.017, also significant strata are: age 51-55 – χ2 = 2.85; p = 0.092, age 56-60 years – χ2 = 10.68; p = 0.001, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 – χ2 = 4.46; p = 0.035, TG level < 1.7 mmol/L – χ2 = 5.19; p = 0.023, uric acid concentration < 360 mmol/l – χ2 = 4.83; p = 0.028. Conclusion. In the population of inhabitants of mild iodine endemicity, insulin resistance is associated with the risk of non-fatal cardiovascular events. At the same time, these associations are valid for females, persons in the age range 51-60 years old, obese patients, patients with a TG level of less than 1.7 mmol/L and a uric acid content of less than 360 mmol/L.
Experience of using solutions for tumescent anesthesia with endovenous radiofrequency obliteration: a comparative study
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Komarova L. N. ,   Clinical Hospital RRW-Medicine, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

The incidence of varicose disease of the lower extremities throughout the world remains at a fairly high level. Given its socio-economic significance, low-impact surgical treatment methods continue to improve, as well as methods of anesthesia for them. In most cases, the mixtures used for infiltration anesthesia during endovenous surgery include lidocaine and adrenaline. The active substance of adrenaline, epinephrine hydrochloride, has a direct stimulating effect on α- and β-adrenergic receptors, and can cause serious disturbances in the cardiovascular system. It is not recommended for patients with CVD and endocrine system pathologies. Aim. minimize pain when performing tumescent anesthesia during endovenous radiofrequency obliteration of veins. Material and Methods. A comparative study was performed in which 192 patients with clinical forms of chronic C2-C6 venous disease took part. All patients using the envelope method were divided into three groups: patients of the first group (I) planned to perform RFO and miniphlebectomy using Klein mixture for tumescent anesthesia, the pH of which was 6.6, lidocaine concentration 0.04%. Patients of the second group (II) planned anesthesia using a solution, the pH of which was 7.3, the concentration of lidocaine was 0.02%. In patients of the third group (III), a solution with a pH of 7.4 was used, the concentration of lidocaine was 0.08%. The level of pain during the administration of the anesthetic was evaluated using two scales – the verbal descriptive scale of pain assessment (VASOB) and the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. Patient groups were comparable in age, sex, clinical form of the disease. When assessing pain on a verbal descriptive scale, 50% of patients (27) in group II noted a complete absence of pain during tumescent anesthesia, in group III – 54.5% (48). Very severe pain (8 points) was noted by 4 patients from Group I, who were anesthetized by administering a Klein mixture, which constituted 8%; unbearable pain (10 points) also noted two patients from this group (4%). According to YOUR, the average pain in the first group was 3.02 ± 1.07, in the second – 1.13 ± 0.23, in the third – 0.93 ± 0.27 (p = 0.05). Pronounced pain (more than 5 cm according to YOUR) was noted only in the first group in 12 patients (24%). Conclusion. None of the test solutions completely removed pain during tumescent paravasal anesthesia. But the use of a solution with a pH of 7.3-7.4 is less painful when administered and significantly reduces pain during tumescent anesthesia, which was used in patients of groups II and III.
Bile culture in patients with periampullary malignancy and concomitant chronic opisthorchiasis undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Rayn V. U. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Zabotkin S. O. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk
Published: October 2020

Aim. To assess bactibilia in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary cancer in background of chronic opisthorchiasis and evaluate its association with early surgical outcomes. Materials and methods. A retrospective case-control study was performed in a low volume surgical center of District Clinical Hospital of Ugra and Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy. We collected the data from District Clinical Hospital between august 2007 and august 2019. Of 123 consecutive patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary malignancy, 50 (40,7%) were co-infected with Opisthorchis felineus. 37 of them presented with obstructive jaundice (74%) and preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) was performed in 33 of them (66%). In the control group of 73 patients 57 (78%) were jaundiced and 51 (70%) underwent PBD (biliary stents, hepaticojejunostomy, cholecysto-/cholangiostomy, or papillosphincterotomy). We evaluated results of bile culture in both patients with concomitant opisthorchiasis and those with periampullary cancer only and assessed early postoperative outcomes including biliary complications rate. Statistical data were analyzed in Statistica 8.0. Pearson chi-square and odd ratios were calculated for qualitative criteria. 95% confidential intervals and p-value were used to define statistical significance. Results. Co-infection with opisthorchiasis caused by O. felineus was found to be associated with positive bile culture in patients with periampullary malignancies (OR = 10,0; 95% CI 3,98-25,16; p = ,000). E. coli was seen 4.7 times more often in patients with opisthorchiasis than in patients without opisthorchiasis (95% CI 1.9-11.6 at p = 0.000). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sown as the only infect or as part of microbial associates only in patients with concomitant opisthorchiasis (p = 0.297). Clinically active cholangitis developed 7.1 times more often in the study group (95% CI 2.9-17.3 at p = .000), and the formation of biliary fistula was 3.7 times more often than in the control group (95% CI 1, 1-13.1 at p = .027) despite standard protocols for antimicrobial prophylaxis. Additional rist factor for bactibilia was preoperative biliary drainage (p = ,000). The study revealed no significant influence of opisthorchiasis on postoperative pancreatic fistula or acute postoperative pancreatitis, undrained intraabdominal fluid collections or wound infection. Conclusion. The study suggests further epidemiologic evaluation aiming to improve local protocols of perioperative management of patients undergoing high risk pancreatic and biliary surgery.
Resting energy expenditure in the early phase of acute severe pancreatitis
Authors:   Medical hospital “Neftyannik”, Tyumen, Sivkov O. G. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Sivkov A. O. ,   Medical hospital “Neftyannik”, Tyumen
Published: October 2020

Aim. To assess resting energy expenditure (REE) in the early phase of acute severe pancreatitis. Materials and methods. Prospective, single-center, cohort study. Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and presence of at least one predictor of severe course. REE was assessed using indirect calorimetry. A cohort of patients with a severe course was identified, in which four groups were formed: the first group included measurements performed on the first, third and fifth days, the second one – only on the first day, the third group – on the third day, and the fourth one – on the fifth day from the moment of admission into the intensive care unit in the early phase of acute severe pancreatitis. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the SPSS software package. Results. REE fluctuations in the early phase of acute severe pancreatitis are statistically significant (p < 0.001). The maximum values fall on the first day 2690 (1990; 3100) kcal/day, the minimum values 2100 (1850; 2500) kcal/day – on the fifth day, from the moment of admission into the intensive care unit. When recalculating the REE for the patient’s weight, statistically significant differences were obtained in the compared groups (p < 0.001), with the maximum values on the first day of 30.24 [27.58-32.91] kcal/kg/day and the minimum values 24.37 (20, 91; 29.28) kcal/kg/day on the fifth day. Conclusions. In the early phase of acute severe pancreatitis, REE has statistically significant fluctuations with a maximum on the first day. The recommended amount of food in the first 3 days should not exceed 21 kcal/kg/day, and then 25 kcal/kg/day.
Konsep Negara Utama Al-Farabi Dan Relevansinya
Authors: Sunaryo
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Dalam artikel ini penulis mengeksplorasi gagasan kota utama yang  diajukan  oleh  Abu  Nashr al-Farabi  (870-950 M), seorang filsuf Muslim di abad ke-10. Gagasan al-Farabi mengenai kota utama banyak penulis ambil  dari  karya  utamanya yang  sangat terkenal, Mabdi r Ahl al-Madinah al-Fdhilah yang  secara  harafiah berarti  “Dasar-dasar Pandangan Warga  Kota Utama.” Pandangan al-Farabi dalam karya  ini banyak dipengaruhi oleh dua filsuf Yunani, yakni Plato dan Aristoteles. Kota utama adalah kota  yang  warganya mengerti hakikat kebenaran (teoritis)  dan  juga  memiliki kemampuan bertindak secara  moderat (tawassuth) dengan mempertimbangkan tempat, waktu, pelaku dan juga alasan mengapa hal itu perlu dilakukan (phronesis). Keutamaan ini bisa mengantarkan para warganya untuk mencapai kebahagiaan (al-sa’dah). Kebahagiaan adalah tujuan hidup yang paling utama dan paling tinggi bagi manusia. Bagi al-Farabi,  dalam upaya mewujudkan kota  utama, peran filsuf raja menjadi sangat penting karena dia yang akan mendidik para warga untuk mengerti dan bisa bertindak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai keutamaan.

 

Kata-kata Kunci:  Kota utama, kebahagiaan, emanasi, neoplatonisme, penyatuan, phronesis.

 

Abstract: In this article  I will explore  al-Farabi’s idea  of virtuous city. Abu Nashr Al-Farabi  is a Muslim  philosopher who lived in 870 to 950. The idea of virtuous city much refers to his master piece, Mabdi r Ahl al-Madnah al-Fdhilah, which literally means “the principles of the views  of citizens in virtuous city.” Al-Farabi’s concept  of virtuous city in this book  is much  influenced by two  Greek  philosophers, i.e. Plato  and Aristoteles. The virtuous city is the city in which  the virtuous citizens live. The virtuous citizens are those who understand the nature of truth and have virtuous character (phronesis). This virtue will carry the citizens to happiness (al-sa’  dah). The happiness is the ultimate goal for all human beings. According to al-Farabi, to make virtuous city happen, the role of philosopher-king is very important. He will teach and educate the people to understand the nature of truth and  act in accordance with  virtuous character.

 

Keywords:  Virtuous  City, happiness, emanation, Neoplatonism, union, phronesis.
A Life-Cycle Methodology for Energy Use by In-Place Pavement Recycling Techniques
Authors:   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Al-Qadi Imad , Ozer Hasan ,   Arizona State University, Krami Senhaji Mouna , Zhou Qingwen , Yang Rebekah , Kang Seunggu , Thompson Marshall , Harvey John , Saboori Arash , Butt Ali , Wang Hao , Chen Xiaodan
Published: October 2020

Worldwide interest in using recycled materials in flexible pavements as an alternative to virgin materials has increased significantly over the past few decades. Therefore, recycling has been utilized in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities. Three types of in-place recycling technologies have been introduced since the late 70s: hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full-depth reclamation. The main objectives of this project are to develop a framework and a life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate maintenance and rehabilitation treatments, specifically in-place recycling and conventional paving methods, and develop a LCA tool utilizing Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to help local and state highway agencies evaluate environmental benefits and tradeoffs of in-place recycling techniques as compared to conventional rehabilitation methods at each life-cycle stage from the material extraction to the end of life. The ultimate outcome of this study is the development of a framework and a user-friendly LCA tool that assesses the environmental impact of a wide range of pavement treatments, including in-place recycling, conventional methods, and surface treatments. The developed tool provides pavement industry practitioners, consultants, and agencies the opportunity to complement their projects’ economic and social assessment with the environmental impacts quantification. In addition, the tool presents the main factors that impact produced emissions and energy consumed at every stage of the pavement life cycle due to treatments. The tool provides detailed information such as fuel usage analysis of in-place recycling based on field data.
Fundamentals of the technology for constructing an intellectual system for managing the creation of unique products
Authors: Tyulin A.E. , Chursin A.A.
Published: October 2020

The fundamentals of the technology for constructing an intelligent system that allows effectively managing the creation of unique products are outlined.
Keywords
unique product, high-tech enterprise, intelligent system, technical and economic appearance of products.
achursin2008@yandex.ru
IDEAS OF SYMMETRY AND HARMONY IN THE NATURAL SCIENCE WORK OF ABU ALI IBN SINA
Authors: Bekpulatov Ulugbek Rakhmatulla ugli
Published: October 2020

In the article, analyzing the role of the ideas of symmetry and harmony, we will see that these ideas were the methodological regulatory basis for the promotion of natural science creativity of Ibn Sina. The thinker paid special attention to the principles of symmetry as perfection, harmony, conservation, rhythm, and measure for achieving benefit and allowed to explore many traditional problems of the philosophical, natural, and medical Sciences from new positions, in the light of new conceptual approaches different from Greek, ancient science.
KEYWORDS: quantities, qualities, symmetry, harmony, matter, inertia, conservation, order, chaos, beauty, rhythm, conservation.
Predictive Capabilities of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) in WEKA Algorithm for High Strength Concrete with Steel Fiber Addition
Authors: Abubakar Abdulhameed Umar
Published: October 2020

In this study, a neural network based model available in Weka Algorithms, was utilized to test the predictive capacity of compressive strength in high strength concrete (HSC) with steel fiber addition. Fiber addition levels ranged from 0.19 – 2.0% were utilized obtained from literature with a total of 192 instances (datasets) and 10 attributes. To test the performance of the algorithm, a 10 – fold cross-validation method was used to assess the effectiveness which was later compared with full training sets. Also, seven learning schemes were utilized to determine the optimum using percentage split. Results generated from the model include correlation coefficient, mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and relative absolute error. It was observed a good correlation coefficient was obtained which was close to unity at 70-30 and 80-20% of training to testing, and significant reduction in the associated errors were observed. Results for coefficient of determination are also presented and follow the same trend observed in the percentage split results. Time taken to generate the model was much shorter an indication of efficiency.
IDENTIFIKASI FUNGSI GINJAL DAN UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESADARAN UNTUK PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN CAIRAN TUBUH PADA SOPIR- KONDEKTUR BUS MAHASISWA UNS
Authors: Wahyuni Dian
Published: October 2020

Sopir dan kondektur beresiko mengalami dehidrasi karena terpapar dengan suhu lingkungan yang panas, sehingga tubuh banyak mengeluarkan cairan melalui penguapan (insensible water loss) dan keringat. Faktor kebiasaan minum kurang dari 2300ml/hari dapat memperberat kerja ginjal untuk menahan lebih banyak air dalam tubuh dan memekatkan urin untuk mengeluarkan sebanyak mungkin sisa metabolism dan zat-zat yang beracun bagi tubuh. Oleh karena itu diperlukan Identifikasi Fungsi Ginjal dan Upaya Peningkatan Kesadaran untuk Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Cairan Tubuh Pada Sopir-Kondektur bus Mahasiswa UNSRI. Pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan urin diikuti oleh 18 orang sopir/kondektur. Hasilnya mereka teridentifikasi menderita dehidrasi ringan sampai sedang kronik. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini semua tujuan berupa peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan sopi-kondektur mengenai fungsi ginjal, pemeriksaan urin dan pemenuhan kebutuhan cairan. Saran perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara periodik enam bulan sekali untuk deteksi dini dan mencegah keadaan kesehatan jatuh pada tahap sakit.
INTRODUKSI TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN TERUNG MENJADI MANISAN DAN DODOL SEBAGAI USAHA SKALA RUMAH TANGGA BAGI KELOMPOK IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA TANJUNG SETEKO KECAMATAN INDRALAYA UTARA OGAN ILIR
Authors: Malini Henny
Published: October 2020

Introduction processing technology eggplant into candy and lunkhead as household scale for the housewife inÂ  Tanjung Seteko village indralaya sub distric Ogan Ilir Regency . This activities aim to 1 ) increase the value added through processing eggplant into candy and lunkhead as an alternative household enterprises that can contribute to the household income . 2 ) increasing the participation of women in the household in order to contribute to the economic needs of the household.Â  in the Tanjung Seteko village many farmers who grow vegetables , one of the main types of vegetables is the most widely planted eggplant , but farmers only sold in fresh form so the price is cheap because there is no added value of these vegetables , such as eggplant cheap market prices , housewives are able to open opportunities is to cultivate a candied and lunkhead. The addition of this knowledge is very useful , it can also be a solution to increase the family income . With this knowledge in addition to make candied eggplant and eggplant lunkhead , mothers can also creation of own flavor and color of the candy and the purple eggplant lunkhead
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI MELALUI INTRODUKSI TEKNOLOGI PEMBUATAN DAN APLIKASI PESTISIDA NABATI PADA DEMPLOT SAYURAN ORGANIK DI KELURAHAN TALANG KERAMAT KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Yazid Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk 1. Membuat petak percontohan berupa demplot sayuran organik sebagai media penyuluhan pembangunan. 2. Mengajarkan dan melatih para petani dalam membuat teknologi pestisida nabati. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Talang Keramat Kabupaten Banyuasin. Pertanian organik merupakan bagian dari pertanian alami yang dalam pelaksanaannya menghindarkan bahan kimia dan pupuk yang bersifat meracuni lingkungan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi lingkungan yang sehat, menghasilkan produksi tanaman yang berkelanjutan dengan cara memperbaiki kesuburan tanah melalui penggunaan sumberdaya alami seperti Mikro Organisme Lokal (MOL) dan pupuk kandang. Oleh karena itulah, pertanian organik sering didefinisikan dengan gerakan pertanian yang kembali ke alam (Harjono, 2000). Adapun cara pembuatan pestisida nabati terdiri dari: 1) Siapkan bahan : Daun Pepaya/ Daun Mindi/ Daun Sirsak sebanyak 1 kg, 2) Semua bahan digiling halus atau di blender, 3) Lalu bahan yang sudah digiling dilakukan penyaringan dan diambil airnya, 4) Kemudian masukkan bubuk deterjen sebanyak 30 gram, 5) Masukkan air 10 liter dan lalu diaduk sampai merata, 6) Kemudian air yang sudah diaduk merata tadi direndam/dibiarkan selama satu malam, 7) Baru besoknya pestisida nabati bisa digunakan.
SOSIALISASI PENGGUNAAN FUROSHIKI UNTUK MENGURANGI SAMPAH KANTONG PLASTIK DALAM GAYA HIDUP MODERN
Authors: Sununianti Vieronica Varbi
Published: October 2020

Kantong plastik telah menjadi bagian tidak terpisahkan bagi sebagian besar kehidupan masyarakat dunia. Sebagai dampaknya, sampah kantong plastik telah menjadi salah satu masalah serius, tidak hanya bagi alam (darat, laut, dan udara) tetapi juga manusia. Plastik sulit terdegradasi karena terbuat dari penyulingan gas dan minyak bumi (sumber daya alam yang tidak dapat diperbaharui), sehingga membutuhkan ratusan tahun untuk terurai dengan sempurna.Â  Hal ini berarti, semakin banyak penggunaan kantong plastik, maka semakin cepat pula kita menghabiskan sumber daya alam. Kaum perempuan dan ibu-ibu, dianggap paling banyak mengkonsumsi kantong plastik. Maka, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan kelompok sasaran ibu-ibu PKK di Kelurahan Skajaya, Kecamatan Sukarame, Kota Palembang. Khalayak sasaran di tingkat Kelurahan dengan keaktifan kegiatan PKK-nya dianggap dapat menularkan ilmu dan kebiasaan menggunakan furoshiki baik ke tingkat bawah (tingkat Rukun Warga, Rukun Tetangga, dan Keluarga), maupun ke tingkat atas (tingkat Kecamatan, Kota, Provinsi, dan Nasional), sehingga limbah kantong plastik dapat secara signifikan ditekan penggunaannya. Dampak jangka panjang dari kegiatan pengabdian mengurangi kantong plastik melalui furoshiki ini adalah dapat mendukung kebijakan pemerintah dalam menerapkan UU No. 18 Tahun 2008 tentang pengelolaan sampah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berusaha mengenalkan Furoshiki dari Jepang atau Boenthelan bahasa Indonesia, yakni alat (kain) untuk membungkus barang. Ukuran boenthelan bervariasi tergantung pada ukuran barang yang akan dibungkus atau dibawa. Teknik membungkus bervariasi, sehingga semakin menambah nilai estetika boenthelan tersebut. Boenthelan ini dapat digunakan untuk membungkus atau membawa barang, seperti buku, kotak, botol, dan sebagainya. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan boenthelan sebagai gaya hidup modern kita pun turut serta melestarikan bumi tercinta.
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS EXPERIENCING THE GANG MOTOR PROBLEMS IN MEDAN
Authors: Lubis Rahmi
Published: October 2020

The rise of motorcycle gang action has caused casualties and material losses. The government has tried to redress through the legal process and prevention through extension activities. Faculty of Psychology, University of Medan Area as an institution of higher education felt called to assist the government in handling this issue, through a program of community service personality development training for high school students who allegedly have links with the action alley bike in the city of Medan. This event was organized by the coaches who have experience in the field of the high school students, vocational NP, and BS Field High School. Training was given for 3 days for each school includes self knowledge, safe driving and entrepreneurship. With a total of 77 participants obtained results that safety riding training modules provide a significant effect on the change in students' attitudes toward safe driving at high school students (t = 7.694, p <0.05). For SMA Nusa Penida obtained a significant increase in knowledge of safe driving (t = 2.059, p <0.05) and highly significant on entrepreneurial knowledge (t = 0.797 p <0.01), but the student has not shown any significant change in attitude related these aspects. While the high school students of BS just show increased knowledge of self knowledge training material (t = 1.134 p <0.05) but self knowledge of the participants themselves have not shown marked improvement.
ENHANCEMENT OF PASSION FRUIT YIELD THROUGH IMPROVED CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES IN DISTRICT KELARA REGENCY OF JENEPONTO
Authors: - Nurfaida -
Published: October 2020

Opportunities for passion fruit business are still wide open due to expansion of growing areas in the lowlands and opportunities for export market. However, one factor that limiting the development of this commodity is poor cultivation technique applied at the farmer level result in low production and fruit quality that does not meet market requirement. This community service program aimed at increasing the production of passion fruit through improved cultivation techniques. The benefit obtained is to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers in improved techniques of cultivation of passion fruit. The methods used in these activities are workshops and participatory learning in the form of counseling, mentoring, and demonstration plots. Partners for the activity are Kampung Berua farmer group and Mataere farmer group in District Kelara, Regency Jeneponto Province of South Sulawesi. Counseling material given is related to passion fruit cultivation techniques and standard operating procedures. The assistance is conducted in the form of selection process of fruit and seeds that will be used as seed, plant propagation from seed and stem cuttings, and plant maintenance techniques. In the implementation of these activities, the farmers' groups participated actively so that the expected knowledge and skills of farmers groups increased and will ultimately result in increased production of passion fruit.