bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH OF THE LOWER LIMBS IN ROPE SKIPPING EXERCISE APPLIED TO CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Cui Yanrong , Wang Lina
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The physical health of children and adolescents is directly related to school physical training quality. The improvement of adult sports effectiveness results from a concise protocol with standardized exercises. Rope skipping exercise lacks kinematic studies applied to children and adolescents. Objective: Provide a theoretical reference for jump rope exercise training for children and adolescents. Methods: Eight children aged six to eight years old were recruited to jump at a frequency of 80 and 120 jumps per minute controlled by a metronome. The technique was divided into three stages: impulse, suspension, and landing. Control in the knee joint exoskeleton balance was investigated by computerized baropodometry with differentiation of rotational angular velocity by rotational angular acceleration via Butterworth filter. After noise cleaning and multiplication, an adjustable amplification factor returned to the inlet with inertial compensation torque. Results: Initially, the impulsing force is about three times the individual’s gravity. This value and the center of mass acceleration decrease in time. The initial force is proportional to the velocity of its decrease during the impulse, and the opposite occurs with the landing force. Higher intensity is observed when raising the frequency. Conclusion: The fluctuation in the force curve in the landing phase after 20 jumps indicates low muscle strength in lower limbs to maintain activity. A speed of 80 jumps per minute controlled by music in a playful environment is recommended for children. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
EXERCISE RESISTANCE EFFECT ON ADVERSE REACTION RATE IN HEART FAILURE
Authors: Wen Zebin , Zhang Tiwei
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Heart Failure is a common disease in the elderly. In the end stage, patients usually accompany a reduction in fat content and lean body mass in addition to heart failure. Objective: Study the exercise resistance effects and adverse reaction rate in patients with heart failure. Methods: 52 patients with chronic heart failure (38 males, age 67 ± 2.2 years) were randomly divided into two groups. According to New York Heart Association Functional Classification, 27 patients with grade II and 25 with grade I was randomly divided. The experimental group was submitted to aerobic exercises under heart rate control for seven months and the control group with no exercise prescription. In the comparison, the 6-minute walk test and a cardiac function test were employed by Agilent 4500 EcoDoppler at a frequency of 2.5MHz. The indices of systolic and left ventricular function were recorded on ECG simultaneously using the improved Simpsons method, and the following indices were measured: left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic; left ventricular ejection fraction; left ventricular diastolic function; early, late peak velocity and its ratio; mitral valve diastole. Results: Compared to the control group, heart rate decreased to different degrees (P < 0.05), exercise endurance increased significantly (P < 0.01), and left ventricular function index improved significantly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: We observed a positive impact of aerobic exercise directed at the rehabilitation of the cardiovascular system and mental health in elderly patients. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
EFFECT OF WEIGHT TRAINING ON LOWER LIMB STRENGTH IN SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Yi Yan , Chu Xingping , Yu Zhida
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: There are many methods for lower limb explosive strength training in soccer athletes, and the most common is strength gain training by load increase. There is still no consensus on whether this type of training can influence jumping performance in soccer athletes. Objective: To explore the influence of muscle gain by added weight on jumping performance and lower limb muscle strength in soccer athletes. Methods: 60 participants were equally divided between high, low, and control training groups. The load was implemented with a weight vest for eight weeks. The training frequency was 40 to 60 minutes three times a week, and the training protocols and schedules of the two groups were the same, while the control group was not involved in any sports training. Results: The isokinetic muscle strength test of the left knee extensor before and after eight weeks of training showed no significant interaction between maximum torque and time to reach maximum torque at 60°/s and 180°/s (P > 0.05). After the jump test, a significant difference appears in the main effects on time factors between group A and group B. Conclusion: Strength training by load addition is an effective training method to improve the sport’s ability in the lower limbs of soccer athletes. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
EFFECT OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON NECK INJURIES PREVENTION IN MARTIAL ARTS ATHLETES
Authors: Liu Jiaxin
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: As competitive martial arts develop rapidly, technical difficulty and training intensity continues increasing, neck injuries in athletes have also increased proportionally, attracting the attention of researchers. Localized strength training is used for rehabilitation, but there is no research related to prevention in athletes. Objective: Explore the neck strength training effect on neck injury prevention in martial arts athletes. Methods: 68 (34 male) volunteers attended the experiment randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Traditional training activities were practiced in the control group, while a strength training protocol was added in the experimental group. Indices of change in pain, motor quality, and neck disability index were compared. Results: After the test, the number of neck injuries in the control group was 23, compared to five in the experimental group; there is a significant difference. There was a significant reduction of injuries in the experimental group (P=0.05); one year later, the VAS score of the experimental group remained significantly lower than the same pre-experiment or control group. The neck dysfunction score of the experimental group was still significantly lower than the pre-experimental and control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the experimental group before the experiment. Conclusion: The adequate periodic neck strength training formulation has a significant preventive effect on neck injuries in martial arts athletes. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
INTENSIVE TRAINING EFFECTS ON SHOULDER MUSCLE INJURY IN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS
Authors: Li Guixin
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The glenohumeral joint has the greatest range of motion. Its stability is relatively poor. It depends on muscle strengthening and increased proprioception in the articular and adjacent joint tissues. Muscle-strengthening training for this joint is still an empirical subject related to table tennis players. Objective: Explore muscle strengthening training's effect on shoulder muscle injury in table tennis players. Methods: Eight table tennis players from a university were selected as a research subject, separated, and classified between injured and control group. Three weeks of strengthening training were adopted to rehabilitate the rotator cuff injury of the table tennis team athletes. The joint angle test and kinematics were collected with isokinetic force measurement employing Cybex-6000. The EMG and other relevant data were collected before and after the experiment. Results: The infraspinatus strength test results of 8 athletes before the experiment were 1.88 ± 2.10 versus 1.61 ± 1.80 after the experiment; there was no change in pain among 5 of the eight athletes, the shoulder pain of 1 athlete increased, and the shoulder pain of the other 2 table tennis players decreased. Conclusion: Strengthening exercise by intensive shoulder training proved effective in conjunction with traditional rehabilitation, positively influencing hypertrophy and proprioception of the joint complex. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
SATELLITE CELL ACTIVATION AND SIGNALING PATHWAY RESPONSE IN JOINT EXERCISE ATHLETES
Authors: Liu Lu
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Skeletal muscle satellite cells are considered the unique source of stem cells for myogenic differentiation of adult skeletal muscle cells. Upon stimulation, the skeletal muscle satellite cell can be activated through specific signaling pathways, proliferate and differentiate into a muscle cell. An analysis of the effects of key signaling pathways could provide the basis for an in-depth study of skeletal muscle formation in athletes and muscle development. Objective: This paper analyzes the effects of key signaling pathways on skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. Methods: We divided 32 athletes into four groups: control, stretching, experimental, and mixed groups. The control group received no training at all, the stretching group and the experimental group received stretching training on the right gastrocnemius. The mixed group also got weight climbing training in the stretching training, initial load 30% of the athlete's weight, increasing 25% each week until 100% of body weight, at the frequency of 3 times a week. After training, gene expression of live satellite cells was measured by intramuscular signaling. Results: The FGM level of the antagonistic group (3.56±0.21) was higher than in the control group (3.25±0.18). The gene expression of HGF mRNA was higher in the mixed group (2.16±0.24) followed by the antagonistic group (2.02±0.15), the stretching group (1.81±0.25), and the control group (1.03±0.06). Conclusion: Both stretching and antagonistic training can increase gene expression in signaling pathways. Antagonistic training significantly increased the expression of HGF, MGF, and mRNA. This activity can promote muscle bulking and skeletal muscle enlargements. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
CHINESE MEDICINAL BATH ON ATHLETES’ SPORT MUSCLE FATIGUE
Authors: Li Li , Li Hui , Zhao Zhe
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Fifth International Conference on Sports Biochemistry defines sports fatigue as the physiological process of dysfunction at a certain level or inability to maintain predetermined exercise intensity. When left untreated, it can cause adverse effects to the musculoskeletal system. Natural alternatives for controlling sports fatigue exist in Chinese culture, but scientific research is needed to determine the effectiveness of these treatments. Objective: This study aimed to verify the effect of traditional Chinese medicinal baths on athletes’ muscle fatigue. Methods: 100 athletes with exercise-induced muscle fatigue were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received ganglioside injection combined with therapeutic exercise protocols, while the experimental group received the medicinal bath based on traditional Chinese medicine. Tonus of adductors, ischiotibials, gastrocnemius, in addition to lower limb motor function, was evaluated. Results: The total effective rate (90.8%) of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (72.3%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, adductor, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscle tension in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Gross motor function assessment score (GMFM-88), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10m walking speed on a 20cm wide walkway (MWS) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Chinese herbal lavender lotion combined with suspension exercise can effectively improve the body's muscle strength after exercises, accelerate the recovery of muscle strength, and significantly reduce exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
EFFECTS OF NEUROMUSCULAR TREATMENT ON POSTURAL BALANCE IN ATHLETES RECOVERING FROM THE ANKLE INJURY
Authors: Liu Hongtao
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Posture is directly related to body balance, and both have great importance in movement. Body posture is affected by several human body factors in space, and neuromuscular athletes’ rehabilitation methods should be designed for an optimal return of postural stability. Objective: Explore the effects of neuromuscular treatment on postural balance rehabilitation of athletes’ ankle injuries. Methods: 20 athletes with functional ankle instability were randomized into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received neuromuscular treatment. The control group maintained standard muscle strength and joint activity rehabilitation exercises. The effects of two rehabilitative procedures were compared by Cumberland ankle instability assessment questionnaire, T-type agility test, and Sargent vertical jump test. Results: Agility after exercise was significantly lower than those before exercise by 0.8 versus 1s; there was no significant difference between the two groups before the experiment. Agility test results of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (2s). Sargent's vertical jump test results were significantly different from those before the exercise (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The postural balance showed good recovery with the neuromuscular treatment and the rehabilitation method of the athletes after the ankle injury. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
CARDIOPULMONARY RESISTANCE IN OBESE INDIVIDUALS DURING DIFFERENT AEROBIC EXERCISES
Authors: Xiao Peng
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Obesity is a major cause of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Recent studies have reported that combined aerobic and anaerobic exercise effects are more effective for fat reduction. However, aerobic and anaerobic exercise have different fat reduction mechanisms. Comparing the intervention effects of different combinations of these exercises could provide an experimental basis for establishing an optimal protocol for weight loss. Objective: To study the effect of different aerobic exercise intensities on cardiorespiratory endurance in obese patients and its impact on fat loss. Methods: 18 obese female college students (BMI≥25) were randomly divided into two groups with different proportions of aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Bioimpedance data and BMI were collected for analysis. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistics, with mean and standard deviation expressed for each index. Significance level at p<0.05 and highly significant set at P<0.01. Results: The weight, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat content of the two exercise methods were positively changed before and after the experiment. This change had a very significant difference. Conclusion: There was no statistical difference in the interventions for the six weeks. Aerobic exercise can effectively improve cardiopulmonary function, and the benefits are directly proportional to the period practiced. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE IN MID AND LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS UNDER TRAINING
Authors: Zhang Yinfu , Xu Changjiang , He Xingna
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Research on the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system has a long history that has recently been expanded with echocardiography. Research using Doppler echocardiography has been increasing because of the safe and non-invasive method of examination to study cardiac morphology and function. However, few studies on functional cardiac changes in mid and long-distance runners under training are still few. Objective: Study the monitoring of cardiovascular response in middle and long-distance runners during training. Methods: The CFOCS-I cardiovascular function detector was used to observe 24 indices of cardiac pump function, vascular function, and microcirculation in 12 female middle-distance runners. Results: According to the test results, diastolic force, systolic force, systolic function, left ventricular ejection fraction increased during the proposed loading exercise. The mean systolic and mean pulse pressures increased significantly with exercise load (P<0.01). Conclusion: Mid and long-distance runners demonstrated significant cardiac changes in ventricular shape, size, and systolic function, accompanied by significant changes in diastolic function when subjected to intense exercise. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL TRAINING ON LIGAMENT INJURIES
Authors: Shao Qinghe , Zhou Yushan , Yang Jie , Wu Jieyan
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The ankle joint is the most load-bearing joint of the human body. The health consciousness of people is increasing day by day, the probability of ankle sports injuries is also increasing. Objective: Analyze the applying sports medicine ultrasound value to rehabilitate anterior talofibular tendon injury. Methods: Seventy- two patients with anterior talofibular injury in a particular hospital were divided into control and observation groups to observe the effect of recovery, recovery time, and degree of ligament injury during rehabilitation treatment. Results: In the observation group, the complete recovery rate was 91.67%, incomplete recovery (8.33%), recovery time was (2.36±0.9) months. The complete recovery rate of the control group is (77.78%), the incomplete recovery (22.2%), the recovery time (3.58±0.42) months. Patients in the experimental group had a higher grade of ligament injury III than those in the control group during each rehabilitation period; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: Sports medical ultrasound can determine the degree of anterior talofibular ligament rupture after injury, providing a basis for the clinical formulation of the treatment plan. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
PHYSICAL TRAINING GUIDED BY FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN IN THE REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES
Authors: Lv Tao , Fu Tingting
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Functional Movement Screen is a standardized tool that proposes the evaluation of movement and body stability. That information can assist in decision-making for accurate and focused training programs. However, few studies address its use in the rehabilitation of table tennis players. Objective: Perform an experimental study on the physical training guided effect by the Functional Movement System method in sports injuries rehabilitation. Methods: Ten table tennis players, aged 18 to 24 years, with knee assessment scale scores between 6 and 8 points and skill level II in the sport were selected. The individuals underwent three months of physical training guided adequately by the screening results. SPSS20 software was used to analyze body composition indices, including thigh and calf circumferences. Lower limb torque was also compared. Results: There was no change in weight or BMI; however, a difference was noted in the thigh (from52.61cm to 53.26cm) and calf (from 32.34cm to 33.16cm) circumference. Statistical difference was noted in squat, straight knee raise, hurdles, and flexion tests (P<0.001). Conclusion: The Functional Movement System proved to be effective as a screening and assessment tool for rehabilitation in knee injuries of table tennis players. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL TRAINING IN INJURY REHABILITATION IN TABLE TENNIS ATHLETES
Authors: Li Xun
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Table tennis is a combative sport, and although there is no physical confrontation between athletes, its fast and intense movements require high physical conditioning. The knee joint is held in the flexed state for an extended period, and a deficiency in its stability can lead to disabling injuries. The International Table Tennis Federation reforms have led scientists to research further the stability and strengthening of the CORE muscles for injury prevention. Functional Motion Scanning is a screening technique devised to assess and guide musculoskeletal therapeutic protocol. However, there is still a misunderstanding about using this technique in table tennis players. Objective: Study the application of Functional Motion Scanning in the rehabilitation of sports injuries in male table tennis players. Methods: 20 college table tennis players from Hebei Normal University, aged 18 to 24 years, with sport level grade 2 and test score <8 and knee assessment scale score less than 90 points had the following data evaluated: Functional Motion Scan results, body composition, vertical jump, circumference, and lower limb strength. The exercise intensity and load were adjusted according to the individual physical condition of the participants who did not perform any other parallel activities during the 12 weeks of training. There was intervention three times a week for 20 to 25 minutes during the first six weeks. From the seventh to the twelfth week, intervention two times a week for 25 to 30 minutes. SPSS20.0 software was used for statistical analysis and graphing. Results: The number of knee injuries in table tennis gradually decreased from 3 to 1. An overall reduction in BMI and an increase in thigh and calf circumference were also observed. Conclusions: Physical training with screening positively impacted the prevention and treatment of knee injuries. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
SOCCER PLAYER’S PHYSICAL TRAINING FOR PHYSICAL FUNCTION IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhang Hui
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Soccer is an intensely competitive sport. With its development and elevation in techniques, athletes’ higher demands for physical fitness, strategy, and tactics are presented. An excellent physical training protocol is essential to achieve these goals. Objective: To study how soccer players can improve their physical function in physical training. Methods: Soccer players from a school were selected as research subjects. Physical training interventions and follow-up tests were performed on soccer players during training. Physical training included a physical function test and a body composition test. Finally, SPSS16.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Results: The mean hemoglobin and red blood cell concentration mean values in the athletes’ final test increased slightly compared to the first test; the difference was insignificant (P>0.05). However, the hematocrit index improved significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: Physical training can reduce the body fat content in the physical function of soccer players and reduce the weight of soccer players. This physical training mode can be used as a reference standard for the physical training of other high-level soccer teams. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE THE BASIC PASS TECHNIQUE IN FUTSAL
Authors: Doewes Rumi Iqbal , Elumalai Gunathevan , Azmi Siti Hartini
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The passing technique requires a high skill level because the futsal field is narrow, and the distance between players is short, demanding strength and accuracy. An instrument of performance test is necessary to verify the evolution of this technique among the players. Objective: This study aims to develop a test instrument to measure the performance of futsal passing. Methods: Instrument preparation and reliability validity tests were applied in 120 athletes. Results: The results evidenced validity in the instrument with one minute passing time; that is, pass one is 0.855, and pass two is 0.857. The reliability value of the first Pass is 0.81, and the second Pass is 0.812. Conclusion: The development of the pass test tool is valid and reliable for its use in measuring the basic passing technique in soccer. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
INJURIES IN AEROBIC EXERCISE: CAUSES AND PREVENTIONS
Authors: Jiang Yuansong
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Professional aerobic exercises require high performance from exercisers. Injuries are common during their execution. Understanding the causal reasons is essential for prevention methods to reduce athletes’ injuries. Objective: Investigate the influential factors of ligament injuries caused by aerobic exercise. Methods: This paper analyzes the injuries caused by aerobic exercise through mathematical statistics. Time, course, degree of injury, location of the injury, cause, early treatment time, primary approach, treatment methods, recovery conditions, and speed in recovery time of sports injuries were investigated. Results: Injuries are mainly concentrated at the hip, knee, and ankle joint level; sprains are the first injuries, followed by muscle strains, lower back muscle contractures, kneecap deformities, and joint ligament injuries. The leading causes of injuries were poor warm-up, excessive load, technical errors, and fatigue. Conclusion: Various physiotherapy methods can improve the recovery rate from ligament injuries. This method can also improve sports ligament injuries’ prevention and treatment effects. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
THE INFLUENCE OF VARIATION IN ALTITUDE ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS
Authors: Wang Shuling , Shao Zhe , Li Jie
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The academic community has demonstrated the link of athletic performance in track and field with critical factors of sports training, including the psychology of competition. Recently, research has been verified that athletic performance is also related to altitude, weather, ambiance, and the timing of the competition. There are no studies to provide theoretical and practical training experience in the regional environment of Ganzhou. Objective: This paper analyzes the influence of altitude training in professional performance athletes. Concurrently, analysis of the physiological and biochemical indicators of the athletes is performed. Methods: Several long-distance runners had an 8-week altitude training. Analyzed the physiological and biochemical indicators of the athletes before and after the training. At the same time, perform mathematical-statistical analysis on the performance of long-distance runners before and after training. Results: After altitude training, hemoglobin and red blood cells showed a significant decrease (P<0.01). After training, athletes’ performance improved considerably (P<0.01). Conclusion: Training at different altitudes may promote an ascending curve in the athletes’ performance until a plateau in the fourth week of training. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
REFINEMENT OF SALIVA MI-RNA BIOMARKERS FOR SPORT-RELATED CONCUSSION
Authors: Gu Cuifeng , He Guojian , Lin Chenhong
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The changes in brain structure caused by a sports-related concussion may initially be indistinguishable, however, the irreversible deleterious effects are noted in the long term. An early diagnosis may provide the patient with a better recovery chance and increased survival. For this purpose, this paper studies the feasibility of a diagnosis for concussion by microRNA (mi-RNA) biomarkers contained in the saliva of athletes. Objective: Verify whether salivary miRNAs could be considered good biomarkers for sports concussion. Methodology: Salivary mi-RNA levels were determined from 120 saliva samples of 120 players. There were 43 with a diagnosis of concussion and 77 without a diagnosis of concussion. Samples from players with a concussion were collected 30 minutes prior to activity, samples from individuals who did not engage in physical activity were also compared. Results: On the evaluation of 30 miRNA from individuals with a concussion between contact and non-contact sports there was high detection reliability(P<.05). Both miR-532-5p and miR-182-5p showed reduced amounts of physical activity. The miRNA-532-5p and miRNA-182-5p show significant results among 43 subjects from pre-exercise to post-exercise. The miRNA-4510 showed a significant result (p < 0.05) between contact and non-contact sport types. The amount of miRNA-4510 expanded in 20 individuals in the contact sport at post-exercise but remained normal in the non-contact sports group. Conclusion: The salivary miRNAs are reliable biomarkers for concussion. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
EXERCISE-INDUCED HORMONAL RESPONSES TO HMB ADMINISTRATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Du Jiang
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB) is an amino acid leucine metabolite with several ergogenic benefits. It is known that it can benefit testosterone and cortisol concentration in athletes. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has focused on the effects of HMB supplementation on testosterone and cortisol in trained athletes. Objectives: The meta-analysis evaluates the effect of HMB supplementation on testosterone and cortisol in trained athletes and verifies conflicting results between studies. Methods: A systemic review was performed in Scopus, Medline, and Google scholar databases of articles published until August 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias and assess the quality of the studies. Random effects model, weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the overall effect. Results: Although the meta-analysis showed that HMB consumption does not alter cortisol and testosterone concentration, subgroup analysis based on exercise type exhibited a significant decrease in cortisol concentration in resistance training exercises (P<0.05) and a significant increase in testosterone concentration in combined aerobic and anaerobic sports (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that HMB supplementation in athletes can reduce cortisol concentration in endurance exercise and increase testosterone concentration in combined aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
Evaluation of the persistent organic pollutants association with type 2 diabetes: A prospective study from Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Khwaja S. , Zahid M. , Karim A. , Gurganari L. , Aziz Z. , Rasheed A.
Published: May 2022

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the association between environmental organic pollutants with type 2 diabetes. This prospective study was conducted in Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology (FUUAST) Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus Karachi in duration from January 2016 to June 2017. This study was ethically approved from the Institutional Review Board of FUUAST. The study included 50 male and female convenient subjects with type 2 diabetes. Subject with other type of diabetes was excluded. Consent was obtained by each individual. Self-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The comparative results suggest that the maximum level of summation polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) mean value was found in age group 27-33 as 0.695 mg/kg in 73% having total individual eleven. Median (interquartile range) of pesticides levels among subjects with normal weight, over weight and obesity were 0.49 (0.26-2.13), 1.53 (0.60-2.65), and 1.60 (1.23-2.05) respectively. It was observed that Organochlorine pesticides (OCS) levels of subjects with overweight and obesity were almost similar (P-value > 0.05) but significantly higher as compared to subjects with normal weight (P-value < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between PCB levels of subjects in terms of body mass index (BMI). In present study we trace the important elements involve in the deposition of persistent organic pollutants and established an association between pollutants with etiology of diabetes and associated disorders such as obesity.
Anti-bacterial activity of essential oils against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens isolated from raw milk
Authors: Yasir M. , Nawaz A. , Ghazanfar S. , Okla M. K. , Chaudhary A. , Al Wahidah H. , Ajmal M. N. , AbdElgawad H. , Ahmad Z. , Abbas F. , Wadood A. , Manzoor Z. , Akhtar N. , Din M. , Hameed Y. , Imran M.
Published: May 2022

Abstract The presence of pathogenic bacteria in food is considered as a primary cause of food-borne illness and food quality deterioration worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of five essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens. In the current study Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella) and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus were isolated from raw milk and biochemically characterized. The anti-bacterial effect of different antibiotics and EOs (thyme, oregano, lemongrass, mint, and rosemary) was determined using the standard disc diffusion method. The antibiogram study revealed that Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to penicillin while Staphylococcus was resistant to streptomycin, amoxicillin, and lincomycin. Moderate resistance was observed to doxycycline, amikacin, enrofloxacin, kanamycin and cefixime. Isolates were found less resistant to gentamycin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. EOs showed a broad range of antimicrobial activity against all bacteria except P. aeruginosa. Of these, thyme was more effective against most of the multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and formed the largest zone of inhibition (26 mm) against Escherichia followed by oregano oil (18 mm) against Staphylococcus (p<0.05). Klebsiella spp and Citrobacter spp showed resistance to mint and lemongrass oil respectively. The EOs such as lemongrass, mint and rosemary were less active against all the bacteria. The findings of the recent study suggest the use of EOs as natural antibacterial agents for food preservation.
Migração para veia hepática de cateter totalmente implantável para quimioterapia em paciente com carcinoma de mama: relato de caso
Authors: Silveira Augusto Cesar Maia Rio Lima , Fernandes Paula Shelda Fonseca , Fontinele Danilo Rafael da Silva , Costa Rafael Everton Assunção Ribeiro da , Araújo José Eduardo Prado , Sousa Junior Wilson de Oliveira , Vieira Sabas Carlos
Published: May 2022

Resumo O cateter totalmente implantável (CTI) é utilizado na administração da quimioterapia. Em menos de 1% dos casos de complicação, pode ocorrer migração do CTI para quimioterapia para a circulação sistêmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever um caso de migração do CTI para a veia hepática. Uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 44 anos de idade, teve diagnóstico de câncer de mama com indicação de quimioterapia neoadjuvante. Realizou-se a implantação de cateter port-a-cath. Durante o procedimento de punção do cateter, houve retorno normal de sangue, e foi realizada infusão de soro fisiológico. Em seguida, houve um aumento de volume no local do port e não retorno de sangue à aspiração. A radiografia de tórax mostrou embolização do cateter em topografia hepática. Retirou-se o cateter pela técnica do laço (sem complicações), e a paciente recebeu alta no dia seguinte. Possíveis alterações no funcionamento do CTI devem chamar atenção da equipe responsável.
Tratamento híbrido para revascularização de membro inferior em paciente com infecção de prótese vascular: relato de caso
Authors: Lichtenfels Eduardo , Erling Junior Nilon , Aerts Newton Roesch , Costa Andre Silvestri Reitz da
Published: May 2022

Resumo Pacientes portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com isquemia crítica do membro associada a infecção de prótese vascular apresentam elevadas taxas morbimortalidade e alto risco de perda do membro. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente masculino de 76 anos com isquemia crítica do membro inferior esquerdo associada a infecção de prótese vascular femoropoplítea. Utilizamos abordagem híbrida para o tratamento com acesso cirúrgico das regiões inguinais e poplíteas, sendo a prótese vascular utilizada como acesso endovascular para recanalização direta da artéria femoral superficial devido a obstrução longa e extensa calcificação, que impediram as tentativas iniciais de tratamento endovascular. Após a recanalização endovascular, a prótese infectada foi retirada. O avanço das técnicas e materiais endovasculares em associação com a cirurgia aberta permitem novas soluções para pacientes quando os procedimentos habituais falham.
Hybrid treatment for lower limb revascularization in a patient with vascular graft infection: a case report
Authors: Lichtenfels Eduardo , Erling Junior Nilon , Aerts Newton Roesch , Costa Andre Silvestri Reitz da
Published: May 2022

Abstract Patients with severe arterial obstructive disease and critical limb ischemia associated with vascular graft infection have elevated morbidity and mortality rates and are at high risk of limb loss. We present the case of a 76-year-old male patient with left lower limb critical ischemia and a femoropopliteal vascular graft infection. We used a hybrid treatment approach with an open surgical approach to the inguinal and popliteal regions and used the vascular prosthesis as endovascular access for direct recanalization of the superficial femoral artery, because the long occlusion and extensive calcification had frustrated initial attempts at endovascular treatment. After endovascular recanalization, the infected graft was removed. Used in conjunction with open surgery, advances in endovascular techniques and materials offer new solutions for patients when usual procedures fail.
Trombectomia em caso grave de trombose venosa iliofemoral afetando a veia femoral profunda pela técnica de punção e sessão única realizada pela veia jugular: relato de caso e descrição da técnica
Authors: Rossi Fabio Henrique
Published: May 2022

Resumo A trombectomia mecânica venosa ilíaca geralmente é realizada por acesso em veias localizadas nos membros inferiores, o que impossibilita o tratamento da veia femoral profunda, que, por sua vez, é uma importante via de influxo ao stent venoso ilíaco. Descrevemos um caso clínico em que foi aplicada a técnica inédita de trombectomia percutânea, angioplastia e implante de stent, realizada por sessão e acesso único, obtido na veia jugular interna.
Effect on the practice of the kangaroo method on the formation and strengthening of the mother-baby bond: a systematic review
Authors: Caetano Carolina , Pereira Bianca Baptista , Konstantyner Tulio
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: a systematic review study with the objective of estimating the effect on the practice of the kangaroo method (KM) on the formation and strengthening of the mother-baby bond (MBB). Methods: independent searches were performed in three international databases in the United States National Library of Medicine - PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online - Scielo and Web of Science databases. Searches were made without limit on languages and year of publication. Results: the final selection consisted of 27 studies, 14 of a quantitative nature (nine clinical trials and five observational) and 13 qualitative. All qualitative articles and most quantitative ones (n=10) indicated the practice of the KM as favorable to the formation and strengthening of the MBB. Other quantitative studies did not show statistically significant differences in the comparisons made between groups. None of the 27 studies found unfavorable effects resulting from the practice of KM on the MBB. Conclusion: the results suggest that the KM favors the formation and strengthening of the MBB regardless of the weight and gestational age of the newborns or the place of measurement (hospital or residence). Thus, encouraging the execution of this biopsychosocial intervention of qualified and humanized care is recommended for the promotion of children’s health.
Prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases and medication use among children and adolescents in Brazil - a population based cross-sectional study
Authors: Leal Lisiane Freitas , Tavares Noemia Urruth Leão , Borges Rogério Boff , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Fagondes Simone Chaves , Masarwa Reem , Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: to describe the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases and their pharmacological management in children and adolescents in Brazil. Methods: data from the Pesquisa Nacional de Acesso, Uso e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil (PNAUM)(National Access Survey, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil),a population-based cross-sectional study, were analyzed. Household surveys were conducted between September 2013 and February 2014. We included the population under 20 years of age with chronic respiratory diseases. Prevalence of disease, indication of pharmacological treatment, and their use were assessed. Results: the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in children aged less than 6 years old was 6.1% (CI95%= 5.0-7.4), 4.7% (CI95%= 3.4-6.4) in those 6-12 years, and 3.9% (CI95%= 2.8-5.4) in children 13 years and older. Children under 6 showed a higher prevalence of pharmacological treatment indication (74.6%; CI95%= 66.0-81.7), as well as medication use (72.6%; CI95%= 62.8-80.7). Of those using inhalers, 56.6% reported using it with a spacer. The most frequent pharmacologic classes reported were short-acting β2 agonists (19.0%), followed by antihistamines (17.2%). Conclusion: children and adolescents who report chronic respiratory diseases living in urban areas in Brazil seem to be undertreated for their chronic conditions. Pharmacological treatment, even if indicated, was not used, an important finding for decision-making in this population.
Comparison of intergrowth-21st and Fenton curves for evaluation of premature newborns
Authors: Peixoto Lorena Oliveira , Pinto Mônica Raquel Chaves , Silva Jéssica de Queiroz da , Meireles Ana Vaneska Passos , Nobre Raquel Guimarães , Frota Julyanne Torres
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: to compare the intrauterine and postnatal growth of preterm infants according to the Intergrowth-21st and Fenton curves. Methods: study carried out in a maternity hospital, reference in high-risk pregnancy, with preterm infants born in 2018 who were hospitalized in the neonatal units of the institution. Preterm newborns weighed at least twice after birth were included in the sample and those that were syndromic, malformed or presented fluid retention were excluded. Proportions and means were compared using Pearson’s chi-square and Student’s t tests for paired samples, respectively. The McNemar test was used to compare categorical variables and the Kappa test to verify the degree of agreement between birth weight classifications obtained by the curves. Results: one hundred and fifty three infants with a median gestational age of 34.4 weeks were included. The incidences of the categories of nutritional status at birth did not differ between the curves. There was perfect agreement between the curves, except when newborns born under 33 weeks of gestational age were evaluated, in which case the agreement was substantial. About 21% of the babies classified as small for gestational age (SGA) by Intergrowth-21st were adequate for gestational age (AGA) according to Fenton and, on average, 20% of cases that had postnatal growth restriction (PNGR) according to Fenton standards were categorized as adequate weight by Intergrowth-21st. Postnatal weight classifications obtained by the evaluated curves had perfect agreement. Conclusions: the differences in theclassifications found between the charts reveal the importance of choosing the growth curve for monitoring preterm infants since behaviors based on their diagnoses can impact the life of this population.
Association between rapid weight gain and overweight in children aged 0 to 5 years in Latin America
Authors: Louro Maíra Barros , Temponi Hanrieti Rotelli , Vieira Carolina Santiago , Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: to assess the prevalence of rapid weight gain (RWG) in children born with normal weight and its association with overweight (OW) in four Latin America countries. Methods: cross-sectional study in children aged 0 to 5 from the Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher in Brazil and the Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud in Bolivia, Colombia and Peru,using a birth weight ≥2,500g. The outcome variable was OW, the exposure was RWG and breastfeeding (BF) was the adjustment variable. Prevalence, odds ratio and 95% confidence intervalwere estimated using multivariate logistic regression model. Results: there was a greater prevalence of RWG and BF at less than 6 months in Brazil, and a greater prevalence of OW in Brazil and Bolivia. The chances of OW when RWG was present and adjusted for BF were 6.1 times (CI95% = 3.8-9.7) in Brazil, 4.4 times (CI95% = 3.6-5.3) in Bolivia, 6.7 times (CI95% = 5.5-8.2) in Colombia, and 12.2 times in Peru (CI95% = 9.4-15.7) with a p < 0.001 for all countries. Conclusions: RWG in children with normal birth weight was associated with a greater chance of being OW in the four observed Latin America countries.
Profile of maternal mortality in the State of Ceará
Authors: Afonso Lucélia Rodrigues , Castro Victor Hugo Santos de , Menezes Cláudia Patrícia da Silva Ribeiro , Custódio Lívia Lopes , Silva Marcelo Gurgel Carlos da , Gomes Ilvana Lima Verde
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: evaluate maternal mortality from January 2019 to January 2020 in the state of Ceará. Methods: this is a descriptive and retrospective ecological study. Data collection was carried out from October to November 2020, considering the time interval from January 2019 to January 2020, through information registered in a public domain database in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The variables considered to outline the profile of maternal deaths were: age group, causes, marital status, color/race and education. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics by frequency distribution and presented through tables. Results: 135 maternal deaths were registered, considering external, direct (most prevalent), indirect and late causes. The maternal mortality ratio in Ceará was 60.43%, whose profile of deaths was characterized by women with incomplete higher education (41.5%), brown (80%), in their 20-29 years (43%) and single (66.7%). Conclusion: the information in this study is extremely importance, as it allows the understanding of a key population, women, in addition to assisting in the design of strategies for coping with maternal mortality.