bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deformation of Ordered Mesoporous Silica Structures on Exposure to High Temperatures
Authors: Lowe John B. , Baker Richard T.
Published: September 2014

Ordered mesoporous silica materials are of interest for a wide range of applications. In many of these, elevated temperatures are used either in the preparation of the material or during its use. Therefore, an understanding of the effect of high temperature treatments on these materials is desirable. In this work, a detailed structural study is performed on silicas with three representative pore structures: a 2‐D hexagonal pore arrangement (SBA‐15), a continuous 3D cubic bimodal pore structure (KIT‐6), and a 3D large cage pore structure (FDU‐12). Each silica is studied as prepared and after treatment at a series of temperatures between 300 and 900°C. Pore structures are imaged using Transmission Electron Microscopy. This technique is used in conjunction with Small‐Angle X‐ray Diffraction, gas physisorption, and 29Si solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Using these techniques, the pore size distributions, the unit cell dimensions of the mesoporous structures, and the relative occupancy of the distinct chemical environments of Si within them are cross correlated for the three silicas and their evolution with treatment temperature is elucidated. The physical and chemical properties before, during, and after collapse of these structures at high temperatures are described as are the differences in behavior between the three silica structures.
63-Year-Old Male with Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Khalsa Bhavraj , Rudersdorf Patrick , Dave Dattesh , Smith Brian R. , Lall Chandana
Published: September 2014

We describe a case of a 63-year-old male with complicated Bouveret’s syndrome, both in its presentation and in its management. Bouveret’s syndrome is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction resulting from mechanical obstruction from gallstones at the pyloroduodenal segment. As Bouveret’s syndrome can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for clinicians, we aim to identify clinical and radiologic pearls that can lower the threshold for the diagnosis of Bouveret’s syndrome.
Importance of Android/Gynoid Fat Ratio in Predicting Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Normal Weight as well as Overweight and Obese Children
Authors: Samsell Lennie , Regier Michael , Walton Cheryl , Cottrell Lesley
Published: September 2014

Numerous studies have shown that android or truncal obesity is associated with a risk for metabolic and cardiovascular disease, yet there is evidence that gynoid fat distribution may be protective. However, these studies have focused on adults and obese children. The purpose of our study was to determine if the android/gynoid fat ratio is positively correlated with insulin resistance, HOMA2-IR, and dislipidemia in a child sample of varying body sizes. In 7–13-year-old children with BMI percentiles ranging from 0.1 to 99.6, the android/gynoid ratio was closely associated with insulin resistance and combined LDL + VLDL-cholesterol. When separated by sex, it became clear that these relationships were stronger in boys than in girls. Subjects were stratified into BMI percentile based tertiles. For boys, the android/gynoid ratio was significantly related to insulin resistance regardless of BMI tertile with and LDL + VLDL in tertiles 1 and 3. For girls, only LDL + VLDL showed any significance with android/gynoid ratio and only in tertile 2. We conclude that the android/gynoid fat ratio is closely associated with insulin resistance and LDL + VLDL-, “bad,” cholesterol in normal weight boys and may provide a measurement of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk in that population.
Security Enhanced EMV-Based Mobile Payment Protocol
Authors: Yang Ming-Hour
Published: September 2014

Near field communication has enabled customers to put their credit cards into a smartphone and use the phone for credit card transaction. But EMV contactless payment allows unauthorized readers to access credit cards. Besides, in offline transaction, a merchant’s reader cannot verify whether a card has been revoked. Therefore, we propose an EMV-compatible payment protocol to mitigate the transaction risk. And our modifications to the EMV standard are transparent to merchants and users. We also encrypt the communications between a card and a reader to prevent eavesdropping on sensitive data. The protocol is able to resist impersonation attacks and to avoid the security threats in EMV. In offline transactions, our scheme requires a user to apply for a temporary offline certificate in advance. With the certificate, banks no longer need to lower customer’s credits for risk control, and users can have online-equivalent credits in offline transactions.
A Randomized Prospective Study of Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy with Low-Dose Sodium Phosphate Tablets versus Polyethylene Glycol Electrolyte Solution
Authors: Kumagai Erina , Shibuya Tomoyoshi , Makino Masae , Murakami Takashi , Takashima Shiori , Ritsuno Hideaki , Ueyama Hiroya , Kodani Tomohiro , Sasaki Hitoshi , Matsumoto Kenshi , Sakamoto Naoto , Osada Taro , Nagahara Akihito , Ogihara Tatsuo , Watanabe Sumio
Published: September 2014

Optimal bowel preparation is essential for the safety and outcome of colonoscopy. A solution containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) is often used as a bowel cleansing agent, but some patients are intolerant of PEG, and this may lead to discontinuation of colonoscopy. Sodium phosphates (NaP) tablets are designed to improve patient acceptance and compliance. The objective of this study was to compare bowel preparation efficiency and patient acceptance of a 30 NaP tablet preparation (L-NaP) and a 2 L PEG preparation. Patients were randomized into either the L-NaP or PEG group. The primary endpoint was the efficiency of colon cleansing as assessed by a validated four-point scale according to the Aronchick scale by endoscopists and was verified by blinded investigators. The secondary endpoints were patients’ tolerability and acceptance. Colon-cleansing efficiency was not significantly different between the two preparations. However, patients’ overall judgment was significantly in favor of L-NaP, reflecting better acceptance of L-NaP than PEG. Additionally, more patients favored L-NaP over PEG in a hypothetical future occasion requiring colonoscopy.
Allotropic Carbon Nanoforms as Advanced Metal-Free Catalysts or as Supports
Authors: Garcia Hermenegildo
Published: September 2014

This perspective paper summarizes the use of three nanostructured carbon allotropes as metal-free catalysts (“carbocatalysts”) or as supports of metal nanoparticles. After an introductory section commenting the interest of developing metal-free catalysts and main features of carbon nanoforms, the main body of this paper is focused on exemplifying the opportunities that carbon nanotubes, graphene, and diamond nanoparticles offer to develop advanced catalysts having active sites based on carbon in the absence of transition metals or as large area supports with special morphology and unique properties. The final section provides my personal view on future developments in this field.
The Concept of Schizophrenia: From Unity to Diversity
Authors: Häfner Heinz
Published: September 2014

After over 100 years of research without clarifying the aetiology of schizophrenia, a look at the current state of knowledge in epidemiology, genetics, precursors, psychopathology, and outcome seems worthwhile. The disease concept, created by Kraepelin and modified by Bleuler, has a varied history. Today, schizophrenia is considered a polygenic disorder with onset in early adulthood, characterized by irregular psychotic episodes and functional impairment, but incident cases occur at all ages with marked differences in symptoms and social outcome. Men’s and women’s lifetime risk is nearly the same. At young age, women fall ill a few years later and less severely than men, men more rarely and less severely later in life. The underlying protective effect of oestrogen is antagonized by genetic load. The illness course is heterogeneous and depressive mood the most frequent symptom. Depression and schizophrenia are functionally associated, and affective and nonaffective psychoses do not split neatly. Most social consequences occur at the prodromal stage. Neither schizophrenia as such nor its main symptom dimensions regularly show pronounced deterioration over time. Schizophrenia is neither a residual state of a neurodevelopmental disorder nor a progressing neurodegenerative process. It reflects multifactorial CNS instability, which leads to cognitive deficits and symptom exacerbations.
Partial Splenic Embolization with Transarterial Chemoembolization in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Accompanied by Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ooka Yoshihiko , Chiba Tetsuhiro , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Motoyama Tenyu , Suzuki Eiichiro , Tawada Akinobu , Kanai Fumihiko , Yokosuka Osamu
Published: September 2014

Background. Thrombocytopenia often makes the introduction of systemic treatment difficult in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively evaluated the long-term effects of partial splenic embolization (PSE) with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with HCC patients accompanied by thrombocytopenia.Patients and Methods. Twenty-one patients with HCC complicated by severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count, <5.0 × 104/mm3) were treated with PSE and TACE. Both the safety and platelet-increasing effect was evaluated in these patients.Results. Seventeen of 21 patients (81.0%) showed increased platelet counts to ≥5.0 × 104/mm3. Subsequently, 13 patients (61.9%) successfully received systemic chemotherapy. Platelet counts and serum levels of total bilirubin, as well as neutrophil counts, improved significantly one month after treatment. However, serum levels of albumin and hemoglobin decreased significantly one month after treatment. Severe adverse events, including acute liver failure and portal vein thrombus, were observed in two patients.Conclusion. PSE with selective TACE made it possible for patients with HCC and severe thrombocytopenia to receive systemic chemotherapy. Although PSE with TACE was safe and tolerable for most patients, the extent of PSE with TACE in a wide area of the liver may increase the risk for fatal liver failure.
Concurrent Alterations in TERT, KDM6A, and the BRCA Pathway in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Nickerson Michael L. , Dancik Garrett M. , Im Kate M. , Edwards Michael G. , Turan Sevilay , Brown Joseph , Ruiz-Rodriguez Christina , Owens Charles , Costello James C. , Guo Guangwu , Tsang Shirley X. , Li Yingrui , Zhou Quan , Cai Zhiming , Moore Lee E. , Lucia M. Scott , Dean Michael , Theodorescu Dan
Published: September 2014

Purpose: Genetic analysis of bladder cancer has revealed a number of frequently altered genes, including frequent alterations of the telomerase (TERT) gene promoter, although few altered genes have been functionally evaluated. Our objective is to characterize alterations observed by exome sequencing and sequencing of the TERT promoter, and to examine the functional relevance of histone lysine (K)–specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A/UTX), a frequently mutated histone demethylase, in bladder cancer.

Experimental Design: We analyzed bladder cancer samples from 54 U.S. patients by exome and targeted sequencing and confirmed somatic variants using normal tissue from the same patient. We examined the biologic function of KDM6A using in vivo and in vitro assays.

Results: We observed frequent somatic alterations in BRCA1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) in 15% of tumors, including deleterious alterations to the deubiquitinase active site and the nuclear localization signal. BAP1 mutations contribute to a high frequency of tumors with breast cancer (BRCA) DNA repair pathway alterations and were significantly associated with papillary histologic features in tumors. BAP1 and KDM6A mutations significantly co-occurred in tumors. Somatic variants altering the TERT promoter were found in 69% of tumors but were not correlated with alterations in other bladder cancer genes. We examined the function of KDM6A, altered in 24% of tumors, and show depletion in human bladder cancer cells, enhanced in vitro proliferation, in vivo tumor growth, and cell migration.

Conclusions: This study is the first to identify frequent BAP1 and BRCA pathway alterations in bladder cancer, show TERT promoter alterations are independent of other bladder cancer gene alterations, and show KDM6A loss is a driver of the bladder cancer phenotype. Clin Cancer Res; 20(18); 4935–48. ©2014 AACR.
Potential Blood Pressure Thresholds and Outcome in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Rodriguez-Luna David , Muchada Marian , Piñeiro Socorro , Flores Alan , Rubiera Marta , Pagola Jorge , Coscojuela Pilar , Meler Pilar , Sanjuan Estela , Boned-Riera Sandra , Cárcamo Daniel A. , Tomasello Alejandro , Alvarez-Sabin Jose , Ribo Marc , Molina Carlos A.
Published: September 2014

Background: Little is known about the relationships between different systolic blood pressure (SBP) thresholds and their outcomes in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to determine the associations of potential systolic blood pressure (SBP) thresholds with hematoma growth (HG) and clinical outcome in patients with acute ICH. Methods: 117 patients with acute (<6 h) spontaneous supratentorial ICH underwent blood pressure monitoring at 15 min interval over the first 24 h. SBP thresholds of 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, and 200 mm Hg were assessed by means of the percentage of 24-hour values exceeding each threshold (SBP load). HG at 24 h, early neurological deterioration (END), 24-hour and 90-day mortality, and poor outcome were recorded. Results: SBP 170, 180, 190, and 200 loads were significantly correlated with the amount of both absolute and relative hematoma enlargement at 24 h. In multivariate analyses, SBP 170 load was related to HG and END, while SBP 160 load was associated with mortality at 24 h. No thresholds were independently related to outcomes at 90 days. Conclusion: In patients with acute ICH, SBP lowering to at least less than 160 mm Hg threshold may be needed to minimize the deleterious effect of high SBP on 24-hour outcomes.
Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Intubation: A New Fetoscopic Procedure to Ensure Extrauterine Tracheal Permeability in a Case with Congenital Cervical Teratoma
Authors: Cruz-Martinez Rogelio , Moreno-Alvarez Oscar , Garcia Maritza , Pineda Hugo , Cruz Miriam A. , Martinez-Morales Cecilia
Published: September 2014

Congenital neck masses are associated with high perinatal mortality and morbidity secondary to airway obstruction due to a mass effect of the tumor with subsequent neonatal asphyxia and/or neonatal death. Currently, the only technique designed to establish a secure neonatal airway is the ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure, which involves neonatal tracheal intubation while fetal oxygenation is maintained by the uteroplacental circulation in a partial fetal delivery under maternal general anesthesia. We present a case with a giant cervical teratoma and huge displacement and compression of the fetal trachea that was treated successfully at 35 weeks of gestation with a novel fetoscopic procedure to ensure extrauterine tracheal permeability by means of a fetal endoscopic tracheal intubation (FETI) before delivery. The procedure consisted of a percutaneous fetal tracheoscopy under maternal epidural anesthesia using an 11-Fr exchange catheter covering the fetoscope that allowed a conduit to introduce a 3.0-mm intrauterine orotracheal cannula under ultrasound guidance. After FETI, a conventional cesarean section was performed uneventfully with no need for an EXIT procedure. This report is the first to illustrate that in cases with large neck tumors involving fetal airways, FETI is feasible and could potentially replace an EXIT procedure by allowing prenatal airway control.
Drug Fever due to a Single Dose of Pantoprazole
Authors: Schiller Dietmar , Maieron Andreas , Schöfl Rainer , Donnerer Josef
Published: September 2014

Although proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are generally well tolerated, with most adverse effects being minor and self-limiting, there are singular reports on hypersensitivity immune reactions triggered by a PPI or its metabolites. Here we report a case of acute drug-induced fever with leukocytosis and a transient increase in CRP due to pantoprazole. This was apparently an idiosyncratic reaction (inflammatory fever), showing no cross-sensitivity towards esomeprazole.
The Tumor-Stroma Ratio Is an Independent Predictor for Survival in Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xing-Lin , Jiang Chen , Zhang Zhong-Xin , Liu Fang , Zhang Fang , Cheng Yu-Feng
Published: September 2014

Background: The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has been identified as a new and practicable prognostic histological characteristic of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the TSR in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Patients and Methods: A total of 93 patients who presented with NPC from 2004 to 2007 were studied. Radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy was administered according to their Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stages. The TSR was assessed visually on hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections of biopsy specimens by 2 independent observers. Results: The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 66.67% and 54.91%, respectively, in the stroma-poor group and 40.48% and 33.33%, respectively, in the stroma-rich group. Both the 5-year OS and DFS rates in the stroma-poor group were significantly better than those in the stroma-rich group (p < 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, the TSR was identified as a highly significant prognostic factor for the 5-year OS (hazard ratio (HR) 1.999; p = 0.030) and the 5-year DFS (HR 1.925; p = 0.042). Conclusion: Stroma-rich tumors were associated with poor prognosis and an increased risk of relapse, which may serve as a new prognostic histological characteristic in NPC.
Direct Comparison of Targeted MRI-Guided Biopsy with Systematic Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy in Patients with Previous Negative Prostate Biopsies
Authors: Kaufmann Sascha , Kruck Stephan , Kramer Ulrich , Gatidis Sergios , Stenzl Arnulf , Roethke Matthias , Scharpf Marcus , Schilling David
Published: September 2014

Objective: To directly compare the diagnostic performance of targeted MRI-guided biopsy (MR-GB) and systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-GB). Methods: Thirty-five patients with at least one negative TRUS-GB, persistently elevated or rising prostate-specific antigen and a lesion suspicious for prostate cancer (PC) on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) scored by using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) were included. A median of three targeted biopsies per lesion were obtained and systematic TRUS-GB was performed subsequently by an independent urologist without knowledge of the MRI findings. Definite pathology reports were analyzed for anatomical location and criteria of clinical significance. Results: The tumor detection rate was significantly higher with MR-GB compared with TRUS-GB (16/35, 46% and 8/35, 23%, respectively, p < 0.05). MR-GB detected PC in all patients with positive TRUS-GB. All tumors detected by MR-GB exhibited at least one criterion of clinical significance. PC lesions showed a significantly higher PI-RADS sum score compared with benign lesions. Conclusions: MR-GB is more effective compared with TRUS-GB in detecting clinically significant PC in men after previous negative TRUS-GB. PI-RADS scores give additional information and could be part of the decision-making process when considering retrial biopsy. Additional systematic biopsy can be omitted in patients undergoing targeted MR-GB.
Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: Thalidomide-, Bortezomib-, and Lenalidomide-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Koeppen Susanne
Published: September 2014

Over the last 15 years, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). New chemotherapeutic options with the immunomodulatory drugs thalidomide and lenalidomide and with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib have increased the response rates before and after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Incorporation of the novel agents into the treatment of newly diagnosed MM and at relapse is now standard of care also for patients with MM not eligible for ASCT. However, the use of thalidomide and bortezomib is frequently associated with a dose-limiting peripheral neuropathy. In order to take full advantage of the therapeutic potential, a risk assessment for neurotoxicity is needed on a case-by-case basis. This assessment includes pre-existing neurological symptoms due to the MM, any comorbidities, and past or planned treatment regimens. The aim is to achieve maximum efficacy while minimizing the risk of developing chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (CIPN). This requires a neurological evaluation of the patient at regular intervals, the implementation of preventive measures, and the development of validated therapeutic strategies for emerging neurotoxic side effects. This review focuses on the incidence, prevention, and management of peripheral neurotoxicity due to thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide in the treatment of MM.
Hesperidin Prevents Liver Fibrosis in Rats by Decreasing the Expression of Nuclear Factor-κB, Transforming Growth Factor-ß and Connective Tissue Growth Factor
Authors: Pérez-Vargas J. Eliuth , Zarco Natanael , Shibayama Mineko , Segovia José , Tsutsumi Víctor , Muriel Pablo
Published: September 2014

Background/Aims: To evaluate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antinecrotic and antifibrotic effects of hesperidin on CCl4-induced cirrhosis. Methods: Liver damage was produced by giving CCl4 injections (0.4 g/kg, i.p., 3 times per week for 8 weeks) to rats. Hesperidin (200 mg/kg) was administered using gavage. The expression of nuclear factor-γB (NF-γB), transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-1ß was assessed using Western blotting. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) serum activities, glycogen content, reduced/oxidised glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, lipid peroxidation degree and fibrosis (using hydroxyproline content and a histopathological analysis) were measured. Results: CCl4 increased the enzymatic activities of ALT and γ-GTP, liver lipid peroxidation, the hydroxyproline content as well as NF-γB, TGF-ß, CTGF, IL-1ß and IL-10 levels and decreased the glycogen content and GSH/GSSG ratio. Hesperidin significantly decreased the modifications produced by CCl4, except in the case of IL-10, which was further increased by the flavone. The group receiving hesperidin alone showed decreases in lipid peroxidation, NF-γB, TGF-ß, CTGF and IL-1ß and an increase in IL-10. The results of the histopathological analysis were in agreement with the biochemical and molecular findings. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that hesperidin prevents experimental necrosis and fibrosis. The action mechanism of hesperidin is associated with its ability to reduce oxidative stress and modulate proinflammatory and profibrotic signals. These results support earlier findings demonstrating the beneficial effect of hesperidin against liver damage.
Total or Subtotal Colectomy in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Primary or Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Oseledchyk Anton , Abramian Alina , Kaiser Christina , Debald Manuel , Domröse Christian , Kiefer Nicholas , Putensen Christian , Pantelis Dimitrios , Kuhn Walther , Schäfer Nico , Keyver-Paik Mignon-Denise
Published: September 2014

Background: There is controversy as to whether performing a total or subtotal colectomy is justified in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, given its potential for morbidity and a negative effect on long-term quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the perioperative complications, mortality and outcomes of patients who underwent total or subtotal colectomy as part of the surgical procedure for primary or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: All patients who had undergone surgery including a total or subtotal colectomy for advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer between 2005 and 2013 at our institution were retrospectively identified. Results: In this time period, 339 patients underwent surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer, which in 11 (3%) patients included a total or subtotal colectomy. Severe grade 3-4 postoperative complications occurred in 3 (27%) patients, and 1 (9%) patient died within 60 days of surgery. Conclusion: A total or subtotal colectomy is associated with increased but acceptable morbidity in selected patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery. However, in the recurrent/palliative setting, total or subtotal colectomy should be avoided as the prognosis is poor and the morbidity outweighs the clinical benefit.
O-MAX Chemotherapy: High Activity in Metastatic Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma and Possible Relation to Subclinical Hemolysis
Authors: Ahlgren James , Patel Nihar , Simmens Samuel , Akin Esma , Bishop Catherine , Kirkel Dean , Siegel Paula , Schuck Suzanne , Guebre-Xabiher Hiwot , Siegel Robert
Published: September 2014

Objectives: Our objectives were to confirm the activity of O-MAX chemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus, particularly the high rate of complete remission (CR) and the relation of subclinical hemolysis to CR. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five patients with metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma were treated with O-MAX. Two developed cancer-related hemolytic-uremic syndrome (C-HUS); both achieved CR. Subsequent patients were monitored for serum haptoglobin for subclinical hemolysis. Results: Median survival was 16.5 months. The objective response rate was 90%, with 38% CR. Three patients achieving CR relapsed in the central nervous system and died (2 without systemic disease). Four patients have remained alive, off therapy, the longest for 20 years. Two patients developed clinical C-HUS and 5 of 8 monitored patients developed subclinical hemolysis based on abnormal serum haptoglobin. Four of the patients with subclinical hemolysis achieved CR. Of the 7 patients developing clinical C-HUS or subclinical hemolysis, 6 (86%) achieved CR. Conclusions: O-MAX appears highly active in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. A few long-term survivors of metastatic disease are being seen. CR and long-term survival appear to correlate with the development of hemolysis. Although highly promising, these results should be considered only as hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in a prospective trial.
Model-Based Navigation of Left and Right Ventricular Leads to Optimal Targets for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Laksman Zachary , Yee Raymond , Stirrat John , Gula Lorne J. , Skanes Allan C. , Leong-Sit Peter , Manlucu Jamie , McCarty David , Turkistani Yosra , Scholl David , Rajchl Martin , Goela Aashish , Islam Ali , Thompson R. Terry , Drangova Maria , White James A.
Published: September 2014

Background—

Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular pacing site characteristics have been shown to influence response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). This study aimed to determine the clinical feasibility of image-guided lead delivery using a 3-dimensional navigational model displaying both LV and right ventricular (RV) pacing targets. Serial echocardiographic measures of clinical response and procedural metrics were evaluated.

Methods and Results—

Thirty-one consecutive patients underwent preimplant cardiac MRI with the generation of a 3-dimensional navigational model depicting optimal segmental targets for LV and RV leads. Lead delivery was guided by the model in matched views to intraprocedural fluoroscopy. Blinded assessment of final lead tip location was performed from postprocedural cardiac computed tomography. Clinical and LV remodeling response criteria were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months using a 6-minute hall walk, quality of life questionnaire, and echocardiography. Mean age and LV ejection fraction was 66±8 years and 26±8%, respectively. LV leads were successfully delivered to a target or adjacent segment in 30 of 31 patients (97%), 68% being nonposterolateral. RV leads were delivered to a target or adjacent segment in 30 of 31 patients (97%), 26% being nonapical. Twenty-three patients (74%) met standard criteria for response (LV end-systolic volume reduction ≥15%), 18 patients (58%) for super-response (LV end-systolic volume reduction ≥30%). LV ejection fraction improved at 6 months (31±8 versus 26±8%,
P
=0.04).

Conclusions—

This study demonstrates clinical feasibility of dual cardiac resynchronization therapy lead delivery to optimal targets using a 3-dimensional navigational model. High procedural success, acceptable procedural times, and a low rate of early procedural complications were observed.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01640769.
The Map and the Flock: Emergence in Mapping with Swarm Algorithms
Authors: Schacher Jan C. , Bisig Daniel , Kocher Philippe
Published: September 2014

In mapping for computer music and interactive media, flocking algorithms represent a special case, offering dynamic, self-organized domain translations. In this article we attempt a classification of fundamental mapping relationships that can be established with the help of swarm simulations. By regarding flocks as systems of abstract entities, a number of models arise that deal with the reassignment of perceptual and semantic qualities to the simulated entities. These models represent basic mapping processes, but become domain-specific when used for music and interactive art. To illustrate these concepts, we outline a number of strategies that relate to musical practice, fostering an understanding of the role of swarm simulations in mapping. We show two artistic use cases where these concepts are applied in an exemplary manner. In the first artwork, swarms play a central role in the compositions presented in an audiovisual installation, and serve as an intermediate translation space between audience and artwork. In the second realization, swarms interact with dancers and together they control the visual and musical aspects of the piece. Both examples show how the emergent behavior of flocks can be mapped conceptually and can evoke natural phenomena, thus making the mapping relationships less predictable and more organic.
A new record and a new species of the genus Agistemus Summers (Acari: Stigmaeidae) from Greece
Authors: STATHAKIS THEODOROS I. , KAPAXIDI ELEFTHERIA V. , PAPADOULIS GEORGIOS TH.
Published: September 2014

The genus Agistemus Summers (Acari: Stigmaeidae) is reported for the first time in Greece. Agistemus duzgunesae Koç, Çobanoğlu & Madanlar, a new record for the Greek fauna, is re–described and illustrated based on specimens collected from various plants. Furthermore, Agistemus macrosetosus Stathakis & Kapaxidi n. sp. is described and illustrated based on specimens collected on Rubus sp. A list of all species of the genus Agistemus is provided.
First report of Ricania speculum (Walker, 1851) in Europe (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae)
Authors: MAZZA GIUSEPPE , PENNACCHIO FABRIZIO , GARGANI ELISABETTA , FRANCESCHINI ITALO , ROVERSI PIO FEDERICO , CIANFERONI FABIO
Published: September 2014

Ricania speculum (Walker, 1851) (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae) is reported for the first time in Europe. Both nymphs and adults were observed from 2009 in several municipalities of Liguria (Italy). Since the species is extremely polyphagous and is a real pest for several crops in tropical and subtropical areas, the presence of this alien insect is noteworthy, representing a new possible threat for native species and human activities.
Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Distribution and Its Relationship with Orography and Anthropogenic Emissions in the Po Valley
Authors: Feudale Laura , Manzato Agostino
Published: September 2014

The main object of this work is to study the lightning climatology in the Po Valley in Italy and how it varies in time (interannual, annual, weekly, and daily time scales) and space (sea coast, plains, and mountain areas) and how that is related to topographic characteristics and anthropogenic emissions. Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning in the target area is analyzed for 18 yr of data (about 7 million records). It is found that the Julian Prealps of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region are one of the areas of maximum CG lightning activity across all of Europe. During spring lightning activity is more confined toward the mountainous regions, whereas during summer and even more during autumn the lightning activity involves also the coastal region and the Adriatic Sea. This is due to different triggering mechanisms acting in different topographic zones and during different periods of the year and times of the day. In analogy to previous studies of lightning done in the United States, a weekly cycle is also identified in the area of interest, showing that on Friday the probability of thunderstorms reaches its maximum. After conducting a parallel analysis with monitoring stations of atmospheric particulates (diameter ≤ 10 μm: PM10) and sounding-derived potential instability, the results presented herein seem to support the hypothesis that the weekly cycle in the thunderstorm activity may be due to anthropogenic emissions.
The MJO in a Coarse-Resolution GCM with a Stochastic Multicloud Parameterization
Authors: Deng Qiang , Khouider Boualem , Majda Andrew J.
Published: September 2014

The representation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is still a challenge for numerical weather prediction and general circulation models (GCMs) because of the inadequate treatment of convection and the associated interactions across scales by the underlying cumulus parameterizations. One new promising direction is the use of the stochastic multicloud model (SMCM) that has been designed specifically to capture the missing variability due to unresolved processes of convection and their impact on the large-scale flow. The SMCM specifically models the area fractions of the three cloud types (congestus, deep, and stratiform) that characterize organized convective systems on all scales. The SMCM captures the stochastic behavior of these three cloud types via a judiciously constructed Markov birth–death process using a particle interacting lattice model. The SMCM has been successfully applied for convectively coupled waves in a simplified primitive equation model and validated against radar data of tropical precipitation. In this work, the authors use for the first time the SMCM in a GCM. The authors build on previous work of coupling the High-Order Methods Modeling Environment (HOMME) NCAR GCM to a simple multicloud model. The authors tested the new SMCM-HOMME model in the parameter regime considered previously and found that the stochastic model drastically improves the results of the deterministic model. Clear MJO-like structures with many realistic features from nature are reproduced by SMCM-HOMME in the physically relevant parameter regime including wave trains of MJOs that organize intermittently in time. Also one of the caveats of the deterministic simulation of requiring a doubling of the moisture background is not required anymore.
Confessions of an Impotent Potentate: Reading Daniel 4 through the Lens of Ritual Punishment Theory
Authors: Cason Thomas Scott
Published: September 2014

This article offers a rereading of Dan. 4.30 through the lens of a male punishment ritual. It is argued that the punishments God inflicts on Nebuchadnezzar reflect aspects found in a liminal hazing rite. Indeed, one of the primary markers of hazing is the use of sexual degradation as a means to establish the hierarchical division between initiator and initiated. The images found in Dan. 4.30 symbolize the dramatic collapse of Nebuchadnezzar's masculinity as he is made aware of his subordinate place in the universe. To make the case, recent insights from cultural anthropologists regarding male punishment rituals are incorporated. As sexual degradation is a telltale feature within hazing incidents, psychoanalytic criticism and gender criticism help elucidate how Nebuchadnezzar's compulsory embodiment of an animalized existence impacts his masculine identification in the narrative. Finally, it is noted that gender readings of the book of Daniel are few and far between, largely due to the absence of female characters in the book. By framing Daniel 4 within the context of competing masculinities, it is hoped that scholars interested in gender readings of the Bible will be provided with another lens through which to analyze this document.
The Use and Abuse of Power in Amos: Identity and Ideology
Authors: Timmer Daniel
Published: September 2014

Amos is notable for its critique of human claims to power within Israel as well as without. Intriguingly, Amos locates the resolution of such abuses in Yahweh's exercise of power as a cosmic king who eliminates some groups from among the nations and from within Israel while creating a new relationship between Yahweh and the remnants of both groups. Using an approach that gives priority to the semantic coherence of the text over its lesser diachronic features, this article explores these dynamics with attention to the criteria according to which Yahweh delivers one group and punishes another. It closes by pondering how the book of Amos itself should be subjected to ideological critique.
The Coherence of Psalm 24
Authors: Sumpter Philip
Published: September 2014

Psalm 24 is often seen to be a ‘baffling’ psalm due to the juxtaposition of what seems to be thematically and structurally disparate material (creation, vv. 1–2; torah and sanctuary, vv. 3–6; divine warrior and sanctuary, vv. 7–10). Most unusual, however, is the juxtaposition of the final two stanzas, for they seem to cancel each other out. In vv. 3–6, human beings desire access to God within the sanctuary, whereas in vv. 7–10 God himself is about to access the same location. Various poetic clues indicate that these two entrance scenes have been intentionally brought into parallelism with each other, yet no satisfactory answer has been presented as to the meaning of this manoeuvre. In this article, a poetic analysis is proposed that goes beyond those proffered thus far by looking at the way in which the ‘poetic function’ creates a degree of ‘narrative’ self-referentiality within the psalm, in particular through its representation of time and space. The conclusion is that the psalm is a recalibration of liturgical material in terms of a grasp of the structure of the divine economy.
Modélisation du capital de marque en milieu industriel basée sur les acheteurs
Authors: Dampérat Maud , Lewicki Alexandra , Jolibert Alain
Published: September 2014

Cet article propose et teste empiriquement un modèle de capital de marque adapté au milieu industriel et basé sur les acheteurs. Nous conceptualisons le capital de marque industrielle comme un construit de second ordre, examinons son rôle médiateur ainsi que le rôle d’antécédent de la réputation de l’entreprise.
Enrichir la compréhension du processus de choix de l’enfant consommateur via l’étude du concept d’ensemble évoqué
Authors: Rouen-Mallet Caroline , Ezan Pascale , Mallet Stéphane
Published: September 2014

Cet article examine le concept d’ensemble évoqué appliqué pour la première fois aux enfants consommateurs. Les principaux résultats confirment son existence dans leur processus de décision et mettent en évidence ses spécificités en termes de taille et de contenu. En particulier, il souligne que la taille de l’ensemble évoqué dépend de trois facteurs : la sensibilité aux marques, le niveau d’implication des enfants dans la catégorie de produits et l’usage privé ou public du produit. Quant à son contenu, l’étude suggère que les marques ont d’autant plus de chances d’être présentes dans l’ensemble évoqué qu’elles sont perçues comme prototypiques de la catégorie de produits. Ces découvertes ouvrent des pistes de réflexion importantes sur la manière dont les enfants s’approprient les marques tant au niveau fonctionnel que symbolique dans leur vie quotidienne.
Natural Environmental Responsibility in Indian Corporations: A Mixed-method Study
Authors: Shah Shashank
Published: September 2014

The world is going through unprecedented environmental crisis. The type of destruction and dissolution of natural resources and elements by individuals and institutions that has been witnessed in the last century is much more than that witnessed in the previous millennia. To tackle this, for more than three decades, a number of discussions have taken place at diverse international fora, and frameworks and propositions have been put forth for corporate implementation. Consequently, a perceptible change has come about in the understanding of corporations and their approach towards the Natural Environment, as a vital organizational stakeholder. While many companies use the pro-tection and preservation of the Natural Environment as a tool for brand building and corporate communications, many others have integrated economic and environmental goals to create mutually beneficial win-win situations. This article attempts to study such Natural Environmental Responsibility (NER) practices in corporate India. Through a mixed-method inductive study the article also proposes ‘Natural Environmental Responsibility Framework’. This is based on the triangulation of data wherein the quantitative data has been gathered through responses to an Executive Perception Survey with 400 responses from 125 organizations; and qualitative data has been gathered through personal interactions with 40 senior management executives from six eminent corporations across industry categories in India. The framework and its major components are based on empirical data of practices as existent in corporate India in contemporary times. Hence, the framework could be considered as a working model of NER in India.
An Introduction to Slow Money and its Gandhian Roots
Authors: Ashta Arvind
Published: September 2014

Slow money, or patient nurturing capital directly invested locally in small firms in food and basic industries, is a new term but an old notion. It gains revival in times of crisis, especially after the recent financial crisis, as people search for meaning and a way out of the ruinous effects of uncontrolled capitalism. This article traces the roots of the movement to Gandhian thought. It examines the cases of the CIGALES clubs of microangels in France and the more recent case of the slow money alliance to ferret out the basic principles and strategies of these movements and how they are aligned with Gandhian values.
John Wesley, the Uniting Church, and the authority of Scripture
Authors: O’Brien Glen
Published: September 2014

This article aims at contributing to the Uniting Church’s theological discourse by appealing to its Wesleyan heritage in order to establish a workable approach to the authority of Scripture. It takes note of attempts by both liberals and conservatives to hijack John Wesley’s opinions to defend idiosyncratic views of biblical authority for political and ecclesial purposes of their own. Rather than relying on Wesley’s ‘rhetorical flourishes’ on scriptural authority, this article considers his overall approach to argue that Wesley affirmed rigorous biblical criticism within the bounds of a generous orthodoxy. Recognizing that in the light of reader-response criticism, the Protestant principle of sola scriptura has limited value, it is argued here that some kind of traditioned reading of Scripture (such as ‘canonical theism’) is necessary and desirable. It is suggested that the old battle lines drawn between liberals and conservatives over the authority of the Bible are rapidly becoming the stuff of historical enquiry rather than being situated at the coalface of conflict in the Uniting Church (this is also the case in other mainline Protestant denominations). Instead, the area of dispute will lie in determining whether or not the church’s discourse clearly sets forth the Christian gospel. In such a ‘radical middle’, biblical authority will be recognized within a framework that embraces scholarly criticism of the text while allowing difference of interpretive opinion within a deeply traditioned commitment to ‘God’s universal, prevenient, transforming love’.
On comparing the resurrection appearances with apparitions
Authors: Siniscalchi Glenn B.
Published: September 2014

After building a historical case for the post-mortem appearances of Jesus, I discuss the current landscape of apparitions research within the field of parapsychology. A balanced comparison of these two visual phenomena indicates that there are many more differences than similarities that might obtain between them. Because the resurrection appearances were seen as unique irruptions of the divine in human history, apparitions cannot be used as the primary basis for understanding the nature of the appearances. By interacting with Dale Allison's references to apparitions and, by extension, the historical credibility of the resurrection of Jesus, the argument of this article seeks to reinstate the uniqueness of the resurrection appearances.
The Qumran Melchizedek Scroll and the Gospel of Mark: Coherence and contrast in soteriology
Authors: Byrne Brendan
Published: September 2014

The text from Cave 11 of Qumran known as the ‘Melchizedek Scroll’ and the canonical Gospel of Mark have some noteworthy features in common. This article surveys the two documents from the soteriological aspect, noting areas of comparison and also of difference. The most noteworthy aspect of comparison consists in the fact that both see divinely appointed agents of liberation – Melchizedek and Jesus, respectively – as addressing a pre-existing human situation of captivity to the demonic, a captivity brought about through sin. Both documents likewise portray the redemptive figures as effecting liberation from this condition through an act of expiation that amounts to a culminating and final instance of the high priest’s action on the yearly Day of Atonement.
Porosity induced fatigue damage of laser welded 7075-T6 joints investigated via synchrotron X-ray microtomography
Authors: Wu S. C. , Yu C. , Zhang W. H. , Fu Y. N. , Helfen L.
Published: September 2014

The interaction between the pores and the fatigue damage in 7075-T6 joints was characterised via high resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray microcomputed tomography. The spatial distribution and growth behaviour of the pores were investigated and quantified. The gas porosity inside 7075-T6 hybrid welds was found to play a significant role in the fatigue crack nucleation and propagation process. The volume fraction and the total number of pores increased slightly with increasing number of fatigue cycles, which provides a key indicator for the damage evolution. Experimental results indicate that the micropores grew and distorted during fatigue cyclic loading, eventually resulting in fatigue cracks. Under cyclic loads, the maximum micropore is usually not a favourable site, in terms of physical suitability, for fatigue crack initiation and propagation, and the diameter of the cracked pores is in the range of 10–100 μm.