bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Que savent, prédisent et transmettent les animaux et les plantes?
Authors: Laugrand Frédéric , Simon Lionel
Published: June 2020

Prenant la mesure des travaux effectués au cours des dernières décennies sur les animaux et les plantes en anthropologie et dans les sciences connexes, cette introduction examine les compétences que les humains leur attribuent. D’une part, les frontières entre l’Homme et la Nature sont devenues plus poreuses et de plus en plus de scientifiques reconnaissent l’intelligence de ces existants. D’autre part, les catégories utilisées pour mesurer cette intelligence sont inadéquates et biaisées. Quelques bribes ethnographiques tirées de travaux menés, entre autres, avec des autochtones aux Philippines, en Indonésie et en Colombie confirment ce constat. Sont alors brièvement présentées les contributions des auteurs du numéro. Celui-ci invite au renouvèlement de la réflexion sur les compétences animales et végétales dans la perspective de milieux et de mondes partagés en interaction. Il s’agit d’ouvrir ainsi davantage la réflexion vers une anthropologie du vivant.
What Do Animals and Plants Know, Predict and Transmit?
Authors: Laugrand Frédéric , Simon Lionel
Published: June 2020

Taking stock of the research conducted in anthropology and related sciences in recent decades, this introduction examines the skills that are attributed to animals and plants by humans. On the one hand, the boundaries between Man and Nature have become more porous, and an increasing number of scientists are recognising the intelligence of these living beings. On the other hand, the categories used to measure this intelligence are inadequate and biased. A few ethnographic fragments taken from fieldwork carried out, in particular, among Indigenous people of the Philippines, Indonesia and Colombia are discussed, confirming this observation. Then, the contributions of the authors of this special issue are briefly presented. These authors call for a renewed reflection on animal and plant skills from the perspective of shared and interacting environments and worlds. Their aim is to deepen reflection on the anthropology of the living.
Del debate electoral en TV al ciberdebate en Twitter. Encuadres de influencia en las elecciones generales en España (28A)
Authors: Pérez-Curiel Concha , García-Gordillo Mar
Published: June 2020

The televised electoral debate, far from losing prominence in favor of social media, is confirmed to be a key instrument for political communication. The two televised events prior to the general elections of 28 April in Spain, which were broadcast 24 hours apart (by RTVE and Atresmedia), raised great expectations and prioritized a conflictive atmosphere. The objectives of this study are to determine the issues, strategies, and discursive ploys of the leader-influencers and to analyze the rhetorical features of the political language on Twitter. In the context of these two electoral debates (22 and 23 April, 2019), a comparative quantitative, qualitative, and discursive content analysis methodology is applied to a general sample of messages on TV (n1 = 2,892) and a specific sample of tweets published on the accounts of the political parties (n2 = 190). The issues debated (issue frame), the candidates’ strategies (game frame), and the level of influence on Twitter are analyzed through propaganda and fallacy mechanisms. The results confirm that both debates covered homogeneous themes with an active response from the audience and a trend towards fake spectacularized discourse. Resumen El debate electoral televisado, lejos de perder protagonismo en favor de las redes sociales, se confirma como instrumento clave para la comunicación política. Las dos convocatorias previas a las elecciones generales del 28 de abril en España, retransmitidas con 24 horas de diferencia (RTVE y Atresmedia) suscitaron niveles de máxima expectación y priorizaron el conflicto como encuadre. Son objetivos de este estudio conocer los temas, estrategias y juegos discursivos del líder influencer y analizar las marcas retóricas del lenguaje político en Twitter. En los dos debates electorales (22 y 23 de abril de 2019) se aplicó una metodología de análisis de contenido cuantitativo, cualitativo y discursivo comparado, sobre una muestra general de mensajes en TV (n1= 2.892) y una muestra específica de tweets publicados desde las cuentas de los partidos (n2= 190). Se analizan los temas del debate (issue frame), las estrategias del candidato (game frame) y el nivel de influencia en Twitter a través de mecanismos de propaganda y falacia. Los resultados constatan que ambos debates responden a temas homogéneos, una respuesta activa de la audiencia y una tendencia basada en el discurso falso de la espectacularización.
Academic impact and perceived value of Wikipedia as a primary learning resource in higher education
Authors: Meseguer-Artola Antoni , Rodríguez-Ardura Inma , Ammetller Gisela , Rimbau-Gilabert Eva
Published: June 2020

Wikipedia is an open educational resource whose frequency of use and importance in higher education are growing. However, empirical evidence about Wikipedia’s contribution to students’ academic performance is scant and many higher education actors express concern regarding its value. By applying a combined theoretical and empirical approach, we examine the impact of Wikipedia as a primary learning resource on both students’ academic performance and the perceived value of Wikipedia. Based on an experimental research design conducted with 2,330 university students, we show that the primary use of Wikipedia in combination with conventional learning resources has a positive effect on students’ academic performance, and that this effect is moderated by course discipline. Furthermore, the students’ perceived value of Wikipedia is positive and, generally, not influenced by individual academic performance.
Tratamiento y participación de las personas mayores en los medios de comunicación: opinión cualificada de los periodistas especializados
Authors: Aznar Hugo , Suay-Madrid Amparo
Published: June 2020

A deliberative democracy should be characterized by the principle of justice regarding the participation of those affected in matters of interest to them. However, this principle is not always satisfied in many areas of social communication. This becomes particularly serious in the case of those who are affected by such matters but are in a vulnerable condition. This is the case in the area of information concerning older people, who remain underrepresented in terms of both quantity and quality in content related to them. This article presents data that highlight this fact, obtained from a questionnaire sent to 100 media professionals specialized in content for the elderly in Spain. The results of this questionnaire reflect, among other aspects, the extent to which professionals specialized in this field consider the presence of older people in the media to be low or very low and also serve to raise awareness of the discriminatory image that the media often transmits. The data obtained from the questionnaire sent to professionals also confirm that the image transmitted by the media is stereotyped, does not show the plural image of this group, and therefore does not fit its reality.

Resumen
Una democracia deliberativa debe estar caracterizada por el principio de justicia de participación de todos los afectados en los asuntos de su interés. Sin embargo, este principio no se cumple en muchos ámbitos de la comunicación social, donde los afectados por la información o los contenidos de los medios no son debidamente tenidos en cuenta, lo que hace que su tratamiento no sea correcto o sea incompleto. Ello es algo especialmente grave en el caso de que estos afectados estén además en una condición de infrarrepresentación y, por tanto, vulnerabilidad mediática. Esto ocurre con la información sobre las personas mayores, donde la presencia de éstas no se produce ni con la amplitud ni con la calidad debida en las noticias y contenidos que les afectan. Este artículo presenta datos que ponen en evidencia este hecho. Se trata de datos obtenidos en un cuestionario enviado a cien profesionales de medios especializados en los contenidos para personas mayores en España. Los resultados reflejan, entre otros aspectos, en qué medida dichos profesionales consideran baja o muy baja la presencia de las personas mayores en los medios de comunicación, y sirven para sensibilizar sobre la imagen discriminatoria que a menudo trasladan sobre ellas. Los datos corroboran también que la imagen que se traslada desde los medios es estereotipada, no muestra la imagen plural de este colectivo y, por tanto, no se ajusta a su realidad.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DO NEUROMARKETING NA FORMULAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE VENDAS MAIS EFICAZES
Authors: Furtado Iara Ramalho Rodrigues de Holanda , Farias Miriam Leite , Sousa Júnior João Henriques de
Published: June 2020

A análise do comportamento dos consumidores sob uma perspectiva cerebral traz informações valiosas para os profissionais de marketing. Dessa forma, o neuromarketing, disciplina que interliga as neurociências com o marketing, ganha força e destaque na área. Neste contexto, o presente ensaio teórico buscou refletir sobre possíveis estratégias de vendas baseadas nas teorias do neuromarketing, a partir de interligações do poder do instinto, do emocional, do inconsciente e do subconsciente para o resultado em vendas. Constatou-se que: explorar os medos, ir além da comunicação verbal, compreender o poder do vocativo, e criar um vínculo com os clientes, são estratégias que podem contribuir de forma positiva para os resultados de vendas.
Effect of Trichostatin A on Histone Deacetylases 1, 2 and 3, p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2 Gene Expression in Breast Cancer SK-BR-3 Cell Line
Authors: Sanaei Masumeh , Kavoosi Fraidoon
Published: June 2020

Objective: DNA methylation, the covalent addition of a methyl group to cytosine, and histone modification play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of the program of gene expression. The balance of histone acetylation is determined by the activities of two groups of enzymes including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylation is generally associated with silencing gene expression resulting in several solid tumors. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are the new class of potential anticancer compounds for the treatment of the solid and hematological cancers. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3, p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1 (p21), p27Kip1 (p27), and p57Kip2 (p57) gene expression in breast cancer SK-BR-3 cell line. Materials and Methods: The breast cancer SK-BR-3 line was treated with TSA. To determine cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the relative expression level of the genes, MTT assay, cell apoptosis assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. Results: TSA significantly inhibited cell growth, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, this compound increased p21, p27, and p57 and decreased histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression significantly. Conclusion: The TSA can reactivate the p21, p27, and p57 through down-regulation of histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression.
Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristic of Women Availing Pap Smear Services in Samtse District, Bhutan
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Pokhrel Hari Prasad , Tshokey Tshokey
Published: June 2020

Background: The case burden of cervical cancer has been increasing globally especially in developing countries without proper health system. Cervical cancer can be eliminated with timely vaccination and screening program as it usually takes years for pre-malignant lesions to develop into malignant lesion. Bhutan has committed to eliminate cervical cancer. Thus, it is important to understand the factors associated with abnormal Pap test findings. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted using the Pap smear data for the year 2018. It was extracted from the records maintained in the cytology unit of Samtse General Hospital. Result: The abnormal slide rate in this study was 2.5%. The majority of women seeking Pap smear services were women in reproductive age group and housewife by occupation. There were significant differences between age groups and marital status among normal in the Pap test results. Conclusion: The slide abnormality of Pap smear in Samtse District is low. The abnormality is more common among married and older women. Therefore, additional screening efforts needs to be put into this group to detect pre-malignant lesions.
Profile and Outcome of Triple Negative Breast Cancer at a Tertiary Care University Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Khanal Suman , Singh Yogendra P. , Sayami Gita , Ozaki Akihiko
Published: June 2020

Background: TNBC (Triple negative breast cancer) subtype (ER-/PR-/HER2-) of breast cancers are known for aggressive tumor biology and poor survival prospects, with high early relapse rate. However, little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of TNBC breast cancer in Nepal. Objectives: To clarify the geographical distribution, clinical profile and outcome of TNBC patients when compared with non-TNBC patients managed in tertiary care university hospital in Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a study on prospective observational analyses of TNBC and non-TNBC patients managed at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu from October 2015-March 2018. We collected and analyzed data on clinical profile, pathological tumor features and outcome of the two patient groups. Results: A total of 108 breast cancer patients were included in our study, 38 (35.2%) of which were TNBCs. Mean age at diagnosis was 49±12 years. Majority of TNBCs (29%) were concentrated in Terai districts compared to non-TNBCs (18.6%). Among TNBCs, 15.2% had tumor size 5 cm or more while only 11.9% had such finding in non-TNBCs. Majority of TNBCs and non-TNBCs were of invasive ductal carcinoma of NST histology (76.3 vs 90%). TNBC tumors were significantly of grade 3 (P value=0.003). Perineural invasion was seen more (15.8%) in TNBCs compared to 8.96% in non-TNBCs. On average, 23.6% of total nodes retrieved from axilla were positive for tumor in TNBCs compared to 21% in non-TNBCs. Three patients developed metastases in TNBCs of which two were to brain while 5 had metastases in non-TNBC with none to brain. Higher percentage of patients died in TNBC group (13.2 vs 7.1%). Conclusions: TNBCs are quite common, higher grade tumors with brain metastasis without particular geographic distribution.
Some Facts About Cancers in Karbala province of Iraq, 2012-2020
Authors: Mjali Ahmed , Najeh Hasan Al Baroodi Bushra
Published: June 2020

SHORT COMMUNICATION
Multiple Primary Tumours, How Frequent we can Offer Curative Therapy?
Authors: Elemam Omima , Abdelkhalek Seham , Abdelmoety Doaa , Baraka Reem , Yousef Mervat
Published: June 2020

Background: Patients with Multiple-primary Malignancies are usually excluded from clinical trials. Clinical information re-distribution, associations, response to treatment and prognosis are scared. Collecting information will help us to expect the impact of prior therapies and to teach us how to best treat them. This study aims to report cases in our society and to see if we have a special predilection of certain Multiple-primary Malignancies in our region based on different geographic and environmental risk factors. Our retrospective study aims to collect these cases and follow their prognosis and treatment response as well as looking for any relation to cancer therapy. Methods: A retrospective study included patients who have two or more histologically diverse primary malignancy, either as synchronous or metachronous malignancy. The study was conducted in King Abdullah Medical City, Saudi Arabia over 7 years period from 2012 to 2019. We collected all patient’s clinicopathological information, treatment, and modalities. Results: We collected 53 cases of multiple primary malignancies 26were synchronous (48%) and 27 were metachronous (52%). Out of 53 patients, 29 (60 %) were females and 14 (40 %) were males. The most common sites for synchronous are breast and endometrial cancer. Curative treatment could be offered in 19 patients (73%). For metachronous tumours, the most common primary tumour was breast cancer, while the most common second malignancy was colorectal cancer. Curative treatment could be offered in 15 patients (53%). Conclusion: Multiple primary malignancies represent a small proportion of our cases, with no special predilection in our society. Multiple primary malignancies did not signify a poor prognosis; besides nonmetastatic cases showed a good response to therapy. We should not forget the possibility of a second primary tumour as these cases can be reasonably treated with curative intent.
Liver Resection in a Tertiary University Hospital in Damascus- trends Related to the Political Strife and Social Crisis
Authors: Ahmad Basel , Marwa Mohamad Essam , Turkmani Khaled , Ahmad Tareq , Baghdadi Ramez , Aboudamaah Shaimaa , Alkhatib Khetam , Ahmad Mohamad
Published: June 2020

Background: Liver resection is a major operation requires technical training and experience and is expensive for the health care system. Aim: Our aim was to review trends in liver resection in Syria to help our country and others like Syria to understand the hardships for the country’s health care policy. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the results of 95 patients who underwent a liver resection from January 2009 through December 2015 at our tertiary university hospital in Damascus. Results: The number of annual liver resections increased over this 6 year period, but there were several years during which the numbers were dramatically less, related to the social crisis. Of them, 63 underwent resection for malignant neoplasms (66%) and 30 for non-malignant disorders (32%). Conclusion: Dedication of our surgeons to hepatic surgery is increasing in Syria with mortality rates close to international standards despite the ongoing social unrest and political strife.
Symptom and Anxiety Assessment in Gynecologic Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Viriyasiri Pongsaton , Phutthikiat Phatthanan , Phonmak Phatthawan , Krutjaikla Phurinut , Ongtip Sittichai , Suprasert Prapaporn
Published: June 2020

Background: Side effects of chemotherapy usually disturbed the daily life of patients. During chemotherapy, quality of life of patients is affected by the severity of symptoms experienced. Objective: To evaluate the side effects experienced by gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Methods: Gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (at least 1 cycle with standard premedication that included antiemetic drugs) between 18 June and 25 September 2019 were invited to this study. Participants were interviewed by our team for personal data and attitudes toward their disease and treatment. In addition, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-Thai version) tool, and Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) antiemetic tool were used to assess the symptoms during chemotherapy. Results: One hundred sixty-five participants entered this study. The mean age was 53.5. The three most common type of cancer were ovarian (37.6%), cervical (37.6%) and uterine cancer (21.8%). Most common chemotherapy was carboplatin plus paclitaxel (64.8%). Two-thirds of the participants believed they could be cured. The most common severe symptom from the ESAS tool was pain (20.6%), followed by fatigue (18.8%), appetite change (16.4%) and numbness (10.3%). In addition, 10.9% of patients experienced nausea/vomiting in acute phase, while 20.6% experienced it in the delayed phase. Conclusion: Our participants revealed positive attitudes toward cancer and treatment. Some patients experienced nausea and vomiting despite using antiemetic drugs. The most frequent self-reported symptom was pain. Therefore, pain control was necessary to improve their quality of life.
Популяризація польської мови в світі в контексті національного брендингу наприкінці ХХ – на початку ХХІ ст.
Authors: Неприцький Олександр , Неприцька Тетяна
Published: June 2020

Relevance of the research topic, apart from a purely scientific interest, lies in the fact the issue of forming language-informational spaces has a great sociopolitical interest at the beginning of the third millennium. The purpose of the article is to study the policy of the Polish state aimed at Polish language popularization in the world at the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century and broadening the borders of the Polish-speaking information space. The methodology of the research is based on the combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic, sociocultural) methods with the principles of historicity, systemic, scientific approach and verification. Starting positions for Polish language popularization were based on the belief that a language should perform not only communicative, but also a number of social functions – strengthen the feeling of unity and the significance of language bearers, spread a certain worldview, make the life of Poles abroad simpler. Language popularization provides invaluable help and support to national branding, which became a priority of the Polish government at the beginning of the 21st century. However, the situation that had formed in the course of historical development, rather hindered than facilitated the performance of the stated functions by the Polish language. Language popularization outside state borders required the improvement of the overall image of Poland and the Poles in the world as well as overcoming the stereotype about the complexity of the Polish language. To implement the language policy tasks, a number of institutions were established: Polish Language Council, Adam Mickiewicz Institute, Polish Institute, Polish Language Union outside the Country’s Borders. However, the most effective Polish language promotion policy turned out to be among Polonia and the Poles abroad and not among foreigners. Conclusions. At the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century the scientific and managerial circles of Poland realized the importance of language popularization in the world as an important component of national branding. However, institutional and financial support of Polish language popularization turned out to quite low. This undoubtedly hindered national branding as it did not allow to involve foreigners into the language-informational space and make involuntary “agent” of the Polish worldview.
Прізвищевий масив Коханівської волості Вінницького повіту (на матеріалах Державного архіву Хмельницької області)
Authors: Гребеньова Валентина , Кононенко Валерій
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to clarify the origin of the surnames of Kokhanivska Volost in Vinnytsia District. The methodology of the research is based on the combination of both general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, description) and special-historical methods (historical-typological, historical-systemic, quantitative) with the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientific. Etymological analysis was used to find out the origin of individual surnames. Scientific novelty is that the authors, for the first time, revealed the names of the villages of Humenne, Kobylnia, Kozyntsi, Korolivka, Kosakivka, Kokhanivka, Oleksandrivka, Penkivka, Pryborivka, Syvakivtsi based on the analysis of the materials of the five parishes which were included in this parish as 01.01.1869. The chronology of the documents covers the period 1833. Conclusions. The obtained materials of the confessional books have indicated that the residents of Kokhanivska Volost used their own surnames for their own identification.That the largest group was made up of surnames, which were the basis of personal names, mostly they originated from the Christian calendar, which consists of the names of Greek, Hebrew and Latin origin, and in particular there were surnames based on male names of Polish and Croatian origin, and in Russian version; as well as the surnames formed by occupation (profession).The study of the surname system of a particular region is relevant and important, since surnames contain information not only about its current medium, but actually reflect the history of the whole family. In addition, the very names reflect the various historical processes that took place in this territory, peculiarities of life, material and spiritual culture, the surrounding nature, demographic processes, connections with other peoples.
Перші кроки Директорії у грудні 1918 – січні 1919 рр. за спогадами діячів української революції
Authors: Кушко Ігор , Прилипко Руслан
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article: State-building processes in the years of Ukrainian 1917 – 1921 took place in difficult conditions. The active participants of the events of that time left a considerable number of memories in which they reflected their personal attitude to the events, to the politicians and the work of state bodies. The authors, based on memoirs, diaries, synthetic works of historical and memoir nature, set out to characterize the work of the Directory in the first months of its creation. The methodology of the study is based on a combination of structural-functional analysis, comparative-historical and comparative-legal method. The authors adhered to the study of the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The scientific novelty of the work is that, using comparative historical and comparative legal methods, the authors analyzes the memoirs of the Heads of the Directory, Prime Ministers and ordinary servants of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921, and analyzes their relationship to the first months of the Directory's work. The authors also shows the main shortcomings in the work of the state body. Conclusions. According to the authors, the work of the Directory was influenced by the constant disputes of its members. They were especially noticeable between V. Vynnychenko and S. Petliura, who fought for influence on the state body. There were fundamental differences between these leaders in the direction of building a state of socialist or European model? State-building processes have also been affected by feuds between the military and civilian administrations, leading to ongoing conflicts. The military did not always follow the directives of the Directory. In addition, due to the lack of skilled workers in the civil and military administrations, unscrupulous executives were often appointed. However, the state policy-making process did not cause the greatest harm to the state policy. Laws were delayed and citizens were not always informed about the work of the Directory. In a short time, it lost its popularity and support of citizens.
Політика Польщі та Румунії щодо інтернованої Армії УНР (1921-1924): інтерпретації радянської історіографії
Authors: Стопчак Микола
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Soviet-era literature on the policy of the leadership of Poland and Romania towards the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic interned in the camps of these countries. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity and continuity, which involve the identification and comprehensive study of the source material, taking into account the historical context of its formation. In solving the tasks set, the author used general scientific and special research methods: historiographic analysis and synthesis, historical and comparative, chronological, retrospective, etc. The scientific novelty of the work is that it analyzes, on the basis of an integrated approach, the state of study in Soviet historiography of the policy of the leadership of Poland and Romania in 1921-1924 regarding the interned Army of the UPR, and clarifies the conceptual approaches and methods used by Soviet historians to reconstruct this policy. Conclusions. An analysis of the works of Soviet historians has shown that they were extremely biased in their coverage of the motives that guided Poland and Romania in providing asylum to interned Ukrainian soldiers. These countries were defined as satellites of the great imperialist powers, dependent on them in financial, economic, military and political terms, and used as support bases for political banditry. Despite being rich in factual material, the works of Soviet historians did not provide objective coverage of the evolution of the policy of the government of Poland and Romania toward the interned Army of the UPR. The so-called class principle, which they were forced to strictly adhere to, led to the consideration of this issue only in the context of the Soviet government's struggle against "world imperialism," which in its desire to overcome the socialist system in the Soviet state tried to use the interned Ukrainian military. Facts related to this problem were selected by Soviet historians in a biased manner and assessed apologetically. A number of aspects of this problem were completely ignored.
Поліщук Ю.А. Мирон Кордуба як історіограф, археограф і джерелознавець. – Черкаси: Вид. Ю.Чабаненко, 2019. – 274 с.
Authors: Педич Василь , Тельвак Вікторія
Published: June 2020

The article reviews Yuri Polishchuk's monograph on the study of Myron Korduba's historiographic, archeographic and Source studies activities in the context of the development of historical science in Ukraine at the end of late nineteenth and beginning of twentieth centuries. The structure of the book and the methodology of scientific research are analyzed. The article reviews scientific novelty of the study , provides comments and remarks. It concludes that the monograph of Yu.Polishchuk is a complex study of the actual scientific problem: it investigated the diverse historiographical achievements of the predecessors, as well as a considerable number of manuscript materials stored in the archives, it provided a well-argumented conclusion about the phenomenal contribution of M. Korduba to the national history and outlined the possibilities for further elaboration of the topic.
Етнічна історія східних слов’ян у дзеркалі сучасної історіографії (Івангородський К. В. Етнічна історія східних слов’ян у сучасній історіографії (український, білоруський і російський дискурси). – Черкаси: Вид. Ю. Чабаненко, 2018. – 422 с.)
Authors: Тельвак Віталій , Владига Ольга
Published: June 2020

The article reviews Konstantin Ivangorodsky's monograph on the analysis of the ethnic history of the East Slavs in contemporary Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian historiographical discourses. The article analyses the structure of the book, content, its theoretical and methodological foundations. The innovative moments of the book were highlighted as well. The article notes discussed issues and the points that the author could have mentioned. It has been concluded that K. Ivangorodsky's monograph is a prominent phenomenon of modern historical science: it is diverse and it impresses with an extensive historiographic material that was collected and elaborated. The monograph's conclusions provide a qualitatively new understanding of the specifics of the interdisciplinary perception of the East Slavs ethnic history problems in Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian historiographies.
Цивільні департаменти головних судів Правобережної України (1797 – 1831): імперські практики у річпосполитівській судовій традиції
Authors: Шевчук Андрій
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the social value of the operation of the governorate supreme courts’ civil departments – appeal and auditorial establishments of the Right-Bank Ukraine. In order to attract allegiance of the Polish nobility and to get asserted in the historic region, there was a flexible policy developed by the supreme power, which was primarily aimed at preserving civil relationship system typical for the Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth. The author discovers the margins of the elite’s and the judicial power’s compromises resulting in the local population adjusting to the Russian rule. The methodology of the research is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical- genetic, historical-typological, historical-systematic) methods with the principles of historicism, systematicity and scientificity, making it possible to concentrate on the mechanisms of adapting the judicial tradition of the Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth to the requirements of the supreme power. The scientific novelty is attained by means of researching the imperial expertise in search for consent with the Polish noblemen involving the mechanisms of preserving the judicial tradition of the Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth. The civil departments were required to minimize the social tension by means of settling the civil law relationship. The article provides examples of flexibility in the policy held by the supreme power and judicial establishments, temporarily calming the elite in losing independence. Conclusions. Domestic policy of the supreme power was aimed at settling down the relationship with the local elite by means of re-establishing the elements of the judicial power of the Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth and preserving agrarian relationship. However, it was an undeniable imperial policy of reaching adherence of the Polish nobility. There were appeal and auditorial governorate supreme courts established to control the judicial structures, the civil departments being responsible for correcting the operation of the lower courts and decreasing tension in the region. The adherence of the Polish nobility was achieved due to farsightedness and flexibility of the imperial policy, being able to pretend it was ignorant of certain violations in the civil law sphere. The attempts to implement the Russian legislation transforming the current system, generated violations primarily in the financial matters. The supreme power observed status quo in the relationship between the landowners and the serfs.
Фрондерські настрої помісного дворянства Правобережної України другої половини ХІХ ст. крізь призму книжкових практик
Authors: Кароєва Тетяна
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article. In the process of modernization during the second half of the 19th century, landed gentry of the Russian Empire gradually adapted to new socioeconomic conditions and became more socially active, but they didn't get even minimal political regulators to meet their social, economic and cultural needs until 1906 elections to the State Duma. Like all other social groups of the empire, landed gentry have no could neither formulate their political demands nor create political organizations that would uphold their interests. At the same time, until the revolutionary events of 1917, the nobility was still considered the pillar of the autocracy, so it is important to determine whether it was absolutely committed to the empire, or was there Fronde-like sentiment among its representatives. Within the scope of this article Fronde-like sentiment of a particular social group refers to negativism caused by actions of the authorities, which is exhibited rather as a cultural resistance and does not lead to confrontation with the powers that be. The landed gentry is considered herein regardless of ethnicity of its representatives. Methodology of the study includes using of books as material sources as well as historical and bibliognostical methods. Scientific novelty. Book-related practices of the landed gentry (acquisition, distribution, use, and storage of books) have been analyzed in order to study the passive resistance to power, which traditionally isn't easily accessible. Conclusions. It has been ascertained that there was Fronde-like sentiment among landlords and noblemen of Right-Bank Ukraine during the second half of the 19th century. The police nature of the country's state apparatus concussed even loyal subjects to resort to unlawful actions in order to satisfy their cultural needs. Their deliberate practices related to forbidden books corroborate the existence of quiet opposition to the authorities, which ultimately opposed an individual to the state system and compromised the traditional value system.
Соціально-економічна ситуація у Волинській губернії напередодні та під час Першої світової війни
Authors: Цецик Ярослав
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of military action on the economy of Volyn during the First World War. The author clarifies the role of Russian military command and state authorities in the deterioration of socio-economic life in the region. The activity of local self-government bodies on price regulation is analyzed. The methodology of the study is based on the use of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis and generalization), especially historical (comparative, chronological and historical-systemic) in combination with the principles of historicism, objectivity and polyfactory. The scientific novelty of the work is that: the peculiarities of preparation for war in the region during the pre-war period and the course of carrying out evacuation of the population from the frontal counties are determined; the measures taken by the military command and local authorities that accompanied these processes were analyzed; the causes and consequences of the deterioration of the socio-economic situation in Volyn during the studied period were determined; the factors that influenced these processes were identified and the role of the imperial authorities and the military in them was identified. Conclusions. Despite the positive trends that were observed in Volyn on the eve of the First World War, with the outbreak of hostilities, the socio-economic situation in the region began to deteriorate rapidly. First, the front-line, and then the front-line status of the province led to an increase in prices for food and essential goods. The military quartermasters, trying to meet the needs of the Russian army and at the same time using administrative resources, quickly caused a shortage of products in the frontline counties. The forced evacuation of the population, the destruction of crops and the removal of livestock led to the impoverishment of a large number of peasants and, as a result, the cost of essential goods in cities. Negatively influenced the situation in the region and the increase in the number of deserters, which led to the establishment of a special regime of special regime in a number of settlements in the region. This situation contributed to increased dissatisfaction with the actions of the Russian military and government from a significant part of the Volyn population.
«Українське зміновіхівство» в культуротворчому процесі в УСРР в 1920-х рр.
Authors: Гуцол Дмитро
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to shed light on the main reasons for the emergence of the "Ukrainian change of education", the relationship of various groups of Ukrainian emigration with the representatives of Soviet power in the first half of the 1920s. The methodology the research is based on the combination of the principles of historicism, systematic, objectivity and impartiality with general scientific (induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis) and special historical (historical-typological, problem-chronological, historical-comparative) methods of research. The scientific novelty is that the author for the first time in a separate study made an attempt to analyze the "Ukrainian change of education" as a socio-political current among the Ukrainian expatriate intelligentsia, who supported the proclamation of national-cultural construction in the Ukrainian SSR proclaimed by the Soviet authorities. The factors that influenced the decision of some Ukrainian expatriates to return to Ukraine were identified. It is analyzed how change education influenced the differentiation of different groups of expatriate intellectuals in their attitude to political, socio-economic and cultural processes in the Ukrainian SSR. Conclusions. The return to Ukraine of "change-makers" intensified the movement for building a national culture in the republic. The broad Ukrainian circles that had previously avoided cooperation with the Soviet authorities began to participate in the work of state bodies and public organizations. There is an active involvement of the Ukrainian intelligentsia in scientific work, literature, teaching and more. This gave impetus to the activation of all cultural life: there are various literary organizations and groups, publishers, theaters are emerging, and new cinema is being born. Undoubtedly, “change of education” led to the weakening of Ukrainian emigration forces, which continued to fight for the will of the Ukrainian people with available means. The Ukrainian Shift men were constantly monitored by the Soviet punitive bodies and subsequently fell victim to the first wave of Stalinist mass repression.
Місце обласних управ у системі гітлерівського окупаційного апарату влади: процес створення, службові компетенції, характеристики керівників (1941–1942)
Authors: Гончаренко Олексій
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the process of establishing regional administrations, to determine the level of official competencies of their leaders, to find out the reasons for the entry of representatives of the local population into the occupation authorities. The methodology of the research is based on the usage of principles, scientific quality, historic quality, as well as special sources, structural and functional and retrospective analyses. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic analysis of the main directions of the local authorities functioning in the system of Nazi authorities staff that was conducted as well as in the reconstruction of the unknown of little known pages of Ukraine's occupation past. Conclusions. The author of the publication, analyzing the original archival sources of the occupation authorities at the regional level, as well as the materials of the criminal proceedings of the NKVS institutions, reconstructs the functioning of the regional directorates created by the temporary military administration (hereinafter – TMA) transferred to the Reichskommissariat "Ukraine" (hereinafter – RKU) during the change of jurisdiction of the Ukrainian lands seized by Germany. Created with the initiative of the Ukrainian public and groups of the UUN, the regional directorates authorized by the TMA turned into real regional civil authorities. But the RKU administration in its practical activities was based on the principle of prohibiting the establishment of local government bodies of the regional level. Therefore, the regional administrations did not fit into the conceptual approaches of the RKU administration to the occupation policy and principled approaches to the creation of local government system. At the end of 1941, a step-by-step process of liquidation of these administrative structures was started. The official competence of the regional directorates included the issues of economic, economic, cultural and educational character. For some time, the official competence of the regional directorates also included the issues of management and control over the work of local police formations, carrying out of criminal and procedural actions, as well as making decisions on administrative punishments of offenders of the established management procedure.The author of the publication identifies some regularities in the behaviour of people under occupation. The motivation for them to join the occupation authorities continues to be counterversive. But in general, their behavior patterns fit into the strategies of survival, "adaptation", which under the Nazi occupation regime were quite common.
Досягнення українського кіно на міжнародних кінофестивалях та форумах (друга половина 1950-х – 1960-х рр.)
Authors: Чайка Юлія
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the achievements of the Ukrainian cinema of the thaw era in the international arena. Namely, numerous awards and film awards at the Cannes and Venice Festivals, the Locarno (Switzerland) Festival, Mexico City, the 12th San Francisco International Film Festival, and other important film events are the hallmarks of the quality of film production period, and the equation of Ukrainian artists with Western traditions and techniques. The methodology of the study has become generally accepted in modern historiography the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic, scientific, comprehensive consideration. Thanks to these principles, the author of the article examines the historical process in its dynamics, the multifaceted nature of interconnected relationships. The scientific novelty of the work is that the achievements of Ukrainian cinematography of the second half of the 1950s - the first half of the 1960s on the world stage were systematically explored for the first time. Conclusions. After a long period of stagnation in the cinema after the war, with the beginning of the weakening of political and economic pressure on cinema and the arts in general, cinema became a wide field for the search for new ideas, new technical possibilities and new achievements. This can be traced to the recognition of cinematography, both domestically and internationally. Considering that Ukrainian Soviet cinema was ideologically isolated and entrenched in ideology, it was not inferior in its technical level and ideological content to the world masterpieces of cinema of that time.
Інститути влади Літинського повіту в умовах революційних трансформацій навесні 1917 року
Authors: Поліщук Олександр , Адамський Віктор
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the research is to analyze the qualitative changes that have taken place in the control system at the regional level after the fall of the autocracy in Russia and to identify certain segments of the problems that have been manifested on the territory of the Lityn district. Research methodology is based on the principles of scientism, historicism, systematicity, historical source studies, as well as the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical (historiographic, terminological, typological) methods. Scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time, on the basis of a still unknown complex of documentary sources, the transformation processes of the institutions of power at the level of a separate district of Podillia province were reconstructed during the landmark period of the revolutionary upheavals of spring 1917. Conclusions. As a result of retrospective analysis of the socio-political situation in Podillia region, which was determined by the fall of autocracy in Russia, the qualitative changes that took place in the system of public administration at the regional level were demonstrated. It is proved that at the beginning of the Revolution of 1917, not only the imperial institutional structures changed in the Lityn district, but also the personnel of the state administration bodies determined by the Provisional Government’s resolutions was qualitatively updated. Public organizations representing different segments of the population and professional corporations have made a significant impact on this process. Under their direct pressure and control, a district commissioner appointed by the Podillia provincial commissioner had to resign. Particular attention is focused on the reorganization of the Lityn County Zemstvo Assembly, which in March 1917 was supplemented by representatives from cooperative organizations, peasant societies, councils of officers and soldiers, deputies, workers, clergy, teachers and national minorities. The circumstances of the formation of the new composition of the county government have been clarified. The most important decision of the self-governing body related to determining the structure and conditions of functioning of militia units in the district has been analyzed. Some aspects of socio-political reality have been emphasized, which determined the unfolding of the revolutionary processes in the Lityn county and had the qualitative effect on the reorganization of the institutions of power.