bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postpartum Telogen Effluvium Unmasking Traction Alopecia
Authors: Samrao Aman , Mirmirani Paradi
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Telogen effluvium (TE) is a type of diffuse hair shedding that occurs 2–3 months after an exposure or trigger. The excessive hair loss may “unmask” underlying hair loss disorders such as female pattern hair loss. Case Presentation: This is a case series of 3 patients with postpartum TE in which an underlying traction alopecia (TA) was revealed. Conclusion: TE can unmask underlying TA. Awareness of this phenomenon is critical to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Gewebsresidente CD8+ T-Zellen als therapeutisches Ziel bei der Checkpunkttherapie-assoziierten Immunenterokolitis
Authors: Bengsch Bertram
Published: January 2022

Background & Aims: The pathogenesis of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-colitis remains incompletely understood. We sought to identify key cellular drivers of ICI-colitis and their similarities to idiopathic ulcerative colitis, and to determine potential novel therapeutic targets. Methods: We used a cross-sectional approach to study patients with ICI-colitis, those receiving ICI without the development of colitis, idiopathic ulcerative colitis, and healthy controls. A subset of patients with ICI-colitis were studied longitudinally. We applied a range of methods, including multiparameter and spectral flow cytometry, spectral immunofluorescence microscopy, targeted gene panels, and bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing. Results: We demonstrate CD8+ tissue resident memory T (TRM) cells are the dominant activated T cell subset in ICI-colitis. The pattern of gastrointestinal immunopathology is distinct from ulcerative colitis at both the immune and epithelial-signaling levels. CD8+ TRM cell activation correlates with clinical and endoscopic ICI-colitis severity. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis confirms activated CD8+ TRM cells express high levels of transcripts for checkpoint inhibitors and interferon-gamma in ICI-colitis. We demonstrate similar findings in both anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 combination therapy and in anti-PD-1 inhibitor-associated colitis. On the basis of our data, we successfully targeted this pathway in a patient with refractory ICI-colitis, using the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib. Conclusions: Interferon gamma-producing CD8+ TRM cells are a pathological hallmark of ICI-colitis and a novel target for therapy.
Frühe Mycosis fungoides: Skin directed Therapie oder – Wie würden Sie entscheiden?
Authors: Maschke Jan
Published: January 2022

Background: The PROspective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (PROCLIPI) study is a prospective analysis of an international database. Here we examine front-line treatments and quality of life (QoL) in patients with newly diagnosed mycosis fungoides (MF). Objectives: To identify (i) differences in first-line approaches according to tumour-nodes-metastasis-blood (TNMB) staging; (ii) parameters related to a first-line systemic approach and (iii) response rates and QoL measures. Methods: In total, 395 newly diagnosed patients with early-stage MF (stage IA–IIA) were recruited from 41 centres in 17 countries between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018 following central clinicopathological review. Results: The most common first-line therapy was skin-directed therapy (SDT) (322 cases, 81·5%), while a smaller percentage (44 cases, 11·1%) received systemic therapy. Expectant observation was used in 7·3%. In univariate analysis, the use of systemic therapy was significantly associated with higher clinical stage (IA, 6%; IB, 14%; IIA, 20%; IA–IB vs. IIA, P < 0·001), presence of plaques (T1a/T2a, 5%; T1b/T2b, 17%; P < 0·001), higher modified Severity Weighted Assessment Tool (> 10, 15%; ≤ 10, 7%; P = 0·01) and folliculotropic MF (FMF) (24% vs. 12%, P = 0·001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated significant associations with the presence of plaques (T1b/T2b vs. T1a/T2a, odds ratio 3·07) and FMF (odds ratio 2·83). The overall response rate (ORR) to first-line SDT was 73%, while the ORR to first-line systemic treatments was lower (57%) (P = 0·027). Health-related QoL improved significantly both in patients with responsive disease and in those with stable disease. Conclusions: Disease characteristics such as presence of plaques and FMF influence physician treatment choices, and SDT was superior to systemic therapy even in patients with such disease characteristics. Consequently, future treatment guidelines for early-stage MF need to address these issues.
Mycosis fungoides: Ist das Therapieansprechen von Brentuximab Vedotin abhängig von der CD30-Expression?
Authors: Hüning Svea
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, can lead to disfiguring lesions, debilitating pruritus and frequent skin infections. This study assessed response to brentuximab vedotin in patients with MF in the phase III ALCANZA study. Methods: Baseline CD30 levels and large-cell transformation (LCT) status were centrally reviewed in patients with previously-treated CD30-positive MF using ≥2 skin biopsies obtained at screening; eligible patients required ≥1 biopsy with ≥10% CD30 expression. Patients were categorised as CD30min < 10% (≥1 biopsy with <10% CD30 expression), or CD30min ≥ 10% (all biopsies with ≥10% CD30 expression) and baseline LCT present or absent. Efficacy analyses were the proportion of patients with objective response lasting ≥4 months (ORR4) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Clinical activity with brentuximab vedotin was observed across all CD30 expression levels in patients with ≥1 biopsy showing ≥10% CD30 expression. Superior ORR4 was observed with brentuximab vedotin versus physician’s choice in patients: with CD30min < 10% (40.9% versus 9.5%), with CD30min ≥ 10% (57.1% versus 10.3%), with LCT (64.7% versus 17.6%) and without LCT (38.7% versus 6.5%). Brentuximab vedotin improved median PFS versus physician’s choice in patients: with CD30min < 10% (16.7 versus 2.3 months), with CD30min ≥ 10% (15.5 versus 3.9 months), with LCT (15.5 versus 2.8 months) and without LCT (16.1 versus 3.5 months). Safety profiles were generally comparable across subgroups. Conclusion: These exploratory analyses demonstrated that brentuximab vedotin improved rates of ORR4 and PFS versus physician’s choice in patients with CD30-positive MF and ≥1 biopsy showing ≥10% CD30 expression, regardless of LCT status. Clinical trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01578499.
Catheter Ablation of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Waldmann Victor , Hebe Joachim , Walsh Edward P. , Khairy Paul , Ernst Sabine
Published: January 2022

Atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia represents the most common regular supraventricular arrhythmia in humans, and catheter ablation of the so called slow AV nodal pathway has been effectively performed for decades. In patients with congenital heart disease, a combination of different factors makes catheter ablation of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia substrate particularly challenging, including abnormal venous access to intracardiac structures, abnormal intracardiac anatomy, potentially deviant and often unpredictable sites of the specific conduction system, loss of traditional anatomic landmarks, and congenital cardiac surgery that may complicate the access to the AV nodal area. Published experiences have confirmed the efficacy and the relative safety of such procedures when performed by experts, but the risk of complications, in particular AV block, remains non-negligible. A thorough knowledge and understanding of anatomic and electrical specificities according to underlying phenotype are essential in addressing these complex cases. Considering the major consequences associated with AV block in patients with complex congenital heart disease, particularly those without low risk access for transvenous ventricular pacing (eg, single ventricle physiology or Eisenmenger syndrome), the individual risk-benefit ratio should be carefully evaluated. The decision to defer ablation may be the wisest approach in selected patients with either infrequent or hemodynamically tolerated arrhythmias, or when the location of the AV conduction pathways remains uncertain. This narrative review aims to synthetize existing literature on catheter ablation of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia in congenital heart disease, to present main features of common associated pathologies, and to discuss approaches to mapping and safely ablating the slow AV nodal pathway in challenging cases.
L’opera (pseudo) galenica De hirudinibus, revulsione, cucurbitula, incisione et scarificatione
Authors: Ecca Giulia
Published: January 2022

The work entitled De hirudinibus, revulsione, cucurbitula, incisione et scarificatione is composed of four different texts and has been attributed to Galen of Pergamum in the manuscript tradition. A new analysis of this work sheds light on striking parallels with passages of important encyclopedists from late antiquity, like Oribasius of Pergamum and Aetius. This comparison demonstrates that with all probability the work is the result of a late antique selection of texts ascribed to Galen.
A new species of the unusual leafhopper genus Phlogis Linnavuori (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Signoretiinae) from Uganda
Authors: HELDEN ALVIN J.
Published: January 2022

Phlogis kibalensis sp. nov. from Kibale National Park, Uganda is described and illustrated. It differs from the other species of the genus known from Africa (P. mirabilis) in the shape of the aedeagus, in particular the shape of the sub-apical lateral processes, as well as in style shape and some aspects of colouration.
Toward Experimental Heat–Health Early Warning in Africa
Authors: Thiaw Wassila M. , Bekele Endalkachew , Diouf Sarah N. , Dewitt David G. , Ndiaye Ousmane , Ngom Ndiaye Marie Khemesse , Ndiaye Papa Ngor , Diene Nar , Diouf Mariama , Diaw Anta , Diop Siga , Badj Fanding , Diouf Abdoulaye
Published: January 2022

Heat is one of the most serious hazards in the world as it affects human health and is extremely dangerous to vulnerable populations such as the elderly, people with preexisting cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, and even healthy people with prolonged sunlight exposure during heat waves. As the globe has warmed over the past several decades, extreme heat has become more frequent and intense than ever before, and Africa, especially the Sahel in West Africa, is one of the regions of the world where heat is a major public health concern exacerbated by livelihood activities during the heat season. Yet, there is a major gap in monitoring and forecasting heat waves in Africa. This paper describes NOAA’s role in enabling heat–health early warning in Africa, working with meteorological services and health professionals. Emphasis is on real-time heat wave forecasting at week 2, including the postprocessing of the NCEP model outputs, and providing the information to the meteorological services in Africa to serve as guidance in national heat wave forecasts. In addition, the paper describes the end-to-end process of heat hazard outlooks and translating the forecasts into early action and early planning to reduce heat risk to human health. Furthermore, the paper addresses the very important aspect of capacity development tailored at enhancing forecasters’ skills to prepare and issue heat wave forecasts and training of a cadre of health professionals to work with meteorologists to coproduce heat–health bulletins and to issue heat–health early warnings.
Differential Effects of Parental and Self-Stigma on Intentions to Seek Counseling
Authors: Surapaneni Spurty , Larson-Konar Dylan , Larson Lisa M. , Wei Meifen
Published: January 2022

Using hierarchical regression, the authors investigated the hypotheses that parental stigma and self-stigma would differentially and negatively predict intentions to seek counseling for European American ( n = 318), Asian American ( n = 153), and Asian international students. ( n = 312). In this online cross-sectional study, parental stigma positively predicted intentions to seek counseling among Asian international students. The magnitude of this association was significantly greater than it was among European and Asian American students. As expected, self-stigma negatively predicted intentions to seek counseling among European and Asian American students. The magnitude of this association was significantly greater for European American students than it was for Asian international students, for whom self-stigma was not a significant predictor of intentions to seek counseling. This research suggests that the processes through which (a) stigma is felt and (b) stigma impacts psychological help seeking may be associated with one’s ethnicity and culture of origin.
Black Women Principals in American Secondary Schools: Quantitative Evidence of the Link Between Their Leadership and Student Achievement
Authors: Jang Sung Tae , Alexander Nicola A.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aims to provide quantitative knowledge concerning the leadership of Black women principals in American secondary schools. We examined (1) the demographic composition of the schools in which Black women principals serve, (2) these principals’ instructional leadership behaviors, (3) the collective responsibility among teachers in those schools, and (4) the association between their interacting identities and the math achievement scores of the 9th graders at the schools they led. Research Design and Methods: We used a critical quantitative intersectionality framework along with the base-year data from the High School Longitudinal Studies 2009 provided by the National Center for Education Statistics. Multiple regression analysis and linear mixed-effect modeling were used to examine how the convergence of principals’ race or ethnicity and gender is associated with the variables of interest. Findings: The results showed that on average, Black principals served schools with relatively higher percentages of students who were eligible for free or reduced-cost lunch and relatively higher percentages of students of color. We found that Black women principals were associated with a higher level of teachers’ collective responsibility as perceived by teachers and higher math achievement scores among students. There was a positive association between the principals’ instructional leadership behaviors perceived by teachers and female principals. Implications for Research and Practice: The importance of understanding the multiplicative influences of race or ethnicity and gender in research and principal preparation programs are discussed. We suggest that policymakers prepare intersectionality-informed policy interventions that specifically support leadership by Black women principals.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Access to Selected Ambulatory Care Services Among Populations With Severely Uncontrolled Diabetes and Hypertension in Massachusetts
Authors: Nielsen Victoria M. , Song Glory , Ojamaa Lea Susan , Blodgett Ruth P. , Rocchio Catherine M. , Pennock Jena N.
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

The outbreak of COVID-19 in Massachusetts may have reduced ambulatory care access. Our study aimed to quantify this impact among populations with severely uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension; these populations are at greatest risk for adverse outcomes caused by disruptions in care.

Methods:

We analyzed multidisciplinary ambulatory electronic health record data from MDPHnet. We established 3 cohorts of patients with severely uncontrolled diabetes and 3 cohorts of patients with severely uncontrolled hypertension using 2017, 2018, and 2019 data, then followed each cohort through the subsequent 15 months. For the diabetes cohorts, we generated quarterly counts of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) tests. For the hypertension cohorts, we generated monthly counts of blood pressure measurements. Finally, we assessed telehealth use among the 2019 diabetes and hypertension cohorts from January 2020 through March 2021.

Results:

HbA1c testing and blood pressure monitoring dropped considerably during the pandemic compared with previous years. In the 2019 diabetes cohort, HbA1c measurements declined from 44.0% in January–March 2020 (baseline) to 15.9% in April–June 2020 and was 11.8 percentage points below baseline in January–March 2021. In the 2019 hypertension cohort, blood pressure measurements declined from 40.0% in January 2020 to 4.5% in April 2020 and was 23.5 percentage points below baseline in March 2021. Telehealth use increased precipitously during the pandemic but was not uniform across subpopulations.

Conclusions:

Access to selected diabetes and hypertension services declined sharply during the pandemic among populations with severely uncontrolled disease. Although telehealth is an important strategy, ensuring equity in access is essential. Telehealth hybrid models can also minimize disruptions in care.
Homemade State: Motherhood, Citizenship and the Home in Child Welfare Encounters
Authors: Humphris Rachel
Published: January 2022

This article explores the relationship between migrant mothers and welfare workers in domestic space to argue the home is a site where the boundary between formal, social and affective aspects of citizenship is remade. Drawing on 14 months’ ethnography with migrant mothers, this article attends to state encounters in new migrants’ homes revealing how migration and welfare policy changes are reconfiguring their most intimate spaces. Mothers who can prove they are ‘appropriate’ subjects of care (through their mothering practices) are deemed ‘deserving’ objects of state care (and worthy of a form of citizenship and belonging). The deep gendered, raced and classed inflections of ‘deservingness’ and assumptions based on these norms are co-constituted by space and embedded social relations between mothers and welfare workers shaping possibilities of migrant mothers’ citizenship practices.
Investigation into novel drafting systems on ring spinning frame for improving yarn properties
Authors: Quan Jing , He Qing , Cheng Longdi , Yu Jianyong , Xue Wenliang
Published: January 2022

During the spinning process, the drafting process plays an important role because it is closely linked with yarn properties. In this study, two different bottom pins (N–A and N–B) based on a novel drafting device were designed. The simulation results of drafting forces between N–A and N–B demonstrate that N–B shows higher drafting force than N–A at the same draft ratio. Specifically, the drafting forces of both devices show an increasing trend as the front draft ratio increased. In experiments, 14.7 tex and 18.5 tex yarns were spun by N–A and N–B, respectively. The experimental results reveal that N–B produces yarns with better properties, including yarn evenness, imperfections and tenacity, compared to N–A. Notably, the evenness and imperfections of yarns spun by N–B achieve advanced levels and the characteristics of yarn tenacity are close to advanced levels. The experimental results verify that different drafting forces between N–A and N–B devices have an important impact on the yarn evenness, imperfections and tenacity, but not on the hairiness.
Music facilitator experiences of working in asylum seeker centres: Complexities, dilemmas and opportunities
Authors: Kenny Ailbhe
Published: January 2022

Accommodation centres for those seeking asylum present particular contexts in which to facilitate music making. Contextual and systemic difficulties abound. An exploration of a music project within six asylum seeker centres in Ireland is presented with a focus on the experiences of the four facilitators involved. Data are presented from facilitator reflective logs, researcher observations and recorded professional development sessions to uncover the complexities, dilemmas and opportunities that working in such contexts brings. While the facilitators adopted flexible and responsive ways of working, this was not always an easy process for them. Findings reveal some struggles the facilitators had with negotiating new ways of working and ‘letting go’ that actively involved the singers in the process. This often challenged their previous experiences, beliefs, assumptions and knowledge of learning relationships and pedagogical approaches. The importance of place-based and process-centred approaches to working in such difficult contexts is thus highlighted. The study calls for professional development structures and reflective practice to be embedded within such projects from the outset. Therefore, the findings are particularly important for the design and delivery of projects that seek to engage marginalised communities in meaningful ways.
The impact of discrimination on parent–adolescent relationships in U.S. Mexican families
Authors: Zhao Chang , White Rebecca M. B.
Published: January 2022

The Family Stress Model (FSM) posits that environmental stressors disrupt key parenting and family processes via increases in parents’ psychological distress. Few studies, however, have examined whether Latinx parents’ perceptions of discrimination, a salient environmental stressor for Latinx populations, disrupt parent–child relationships. It is particularly important to examine acceptance and conflict in the parent–child relationship during children’s adolescence as this is a time when the parent–child relationship can be particularly vulnerable. The current study examined whether parents’ perceptions of discrimination predicted lower acceptance and higher conflict in the parent–adolescent relationship, via elevated parental depressive symptoms. Data were from a longitudinal study of 749 U.S. Mexican families with adolescents (48.9% female; mean age = 10.42, SD = 0.55 at Wave 1) and were examined using path analyses. Mother’s discrimination experiences predicted higher levels of mother-reported mother–adolescent conflict through higher levels of maternal depressive symptoms. Additionally, maternal discrimination directly predicted declines in mother-reported acceptance for boys, but not for girls. Paternal discrimination experiences were positively associated with paternal depressive symptoms, but paternal depressive symptoms were not associated with father–adolescent relationship processes. The current study underscored discrimination as a salient stressor for U.S. Mexican mothers’ and fathers’ psychological wellbeing, and, for mothers, these experiences may influence their relationships with their adolescents.
Association between interleukin 12B and interleukin 23R gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jung Jae Hyun , Lim Ji Hyun , Song Gwan Gyu , Kim Bo Young
Published: January 2022

Objective

To determine whether polymorphisms of interleukin 12B ( IL12B) and IL23 receptor genes ( IL23R) confer susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

A meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the associations between SLE and IL12B rs3212227 and rs17860508 and IL23R rs7517847, rs10489629, rs10889677, rs1004819, rs11209026, rs11209032, rs1343151, and rs1884444 polymorphisms using allele contrast, dominant, recessive, heterozygote, and homozygote models. Ten studies involving 1989 patients with SLE and 2394 controls were considered for the meta-analysis.

Results

The meta-analysis using the homozygote model revealed that IL23R rs10889677 was significantly associated with SLE susceptibility in the overall population (AA vs. CC) (odds ratio = 0.70, 95% confidence interval = 0.50–0.98) but not in the Asian population. Other polymorphisms of IL12B and IL23R were not significantly associated with SLE protection.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the IL23R rs10889677 polymorphism confers SLE susceptibility to individuals of certain ethnicities. (Research Registry number: 1268)
Childhood Sexual Abuse, Dyadic Empathy, and Intimate Partner Violence Among Men Seeking Psychological Help
Authors: Brassard Audrey , Charbachi Noëlle , Claing Aurélie , Godbout Natacha , Savard Claudia , Lafontaine Marie-France , Péloquin Katherine
Published: January 2022

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) have both been associated with numerous negative repercussions. The first aim of this study is to understand IPV perpetrated by men within a clinical population, by examining the effects of two potential predictors: CSA and dyadic empathy (cognitive and emotional). The second aim of this study is to explore whether dyadic empathy is an intermediary variable of the association between CSA and IPV. A sample of 198 men (aged 18–69 years old) who were seeking help for relationship problems, completed a set of self-administered questionnaires. While controlling for social desirability and family violence history, our findings outlined the mediating and moderating role of dyadic empathy in the link between CSA and perpetrated psychological, but not physical, IPV. Emotional empathy mediated and moderated the link between CSA and psychological IPV, whereas cognitive empathy only moderated this link. The examination of the direct links between the variables also revealed that CSA was related to lower emotional empathy and higher rates of both types of IPV. In addition, cognitive empathy was negatively associated with physical and psychological IPV, whereas emotional empathy was positively associated with psychological IPV. This study contributes to the literature by documenting some of the mechanisms that could explain the perpetration of IPV and highlights the importance of investigating CSA and empathy in men who are seeking help.
The Gaze of the Implicated Subject: Non-Jewish Testimony to Communal Violence during the German Occupation of Lithuania
Authors: Davoliūtė Violeta
Published: January 2022

The outbreak of communal violence against Jews catalysed by the German invasion of the USSR was long neglected by scholarship due to biases against eyewitness testimony and the opacity of local events to outside observers. A growing number of studies on the topic have recently emerged, drawing from the eyewitness testimonies of Jewish survivors and previously inaccessible Soviet archives. This article analyses the lesser-known audio-visual recordings of interviews with non-Jewish witnesses to communal violence in provincial towns and villages of Lithuania. Collected decades after the events, they relate the same cruelty and destruction as recalled by Jewish survivors. As insider accounts from the local, non-Jewish community, they disclose manifold and divergent subject positions in the face of extreme violence. Marked by a forensic mode of discourse that accentuates individual agency and responsibility, they diverge from the prevailing apologetics of national narratives of the period. Instead, they reflect an immediacy of apprehension rooted in the intimate topographical setting of rural Lithuania under German occupation, a local memory not yet assimilated to national narratives of heroism and suffering. Finally, they express the memory of mutual surveillance, intimidation, and coercion that would endure for decades after the end of the war in these locales.
In good times and in bad: A longitudinal analysis of the impact of bereavement on self-esteem and life satisfaction in couples
Authors: Reitz Anne K. , Weidmann Rebekka , Wünsche Jenna , Bühler Janina L. , Burriss Robert P. , Grob Alexander
Published: January 2022

This study examines the impact of bereavement on self-esteem and life satisfaction in both partners of a romantic couple. We investigate the moderating effects of the type of the lost relationship (close family, close friends/others) and romantic relationship characteristics (daily social support, responsiveness-closeness, self-disclosure). We examined 1238 individuals in 619 male–female couples from the ages 18 to 81 ( M [ SD] = 31.97 years [13.26]). Both partners completed questionnaires at two assessments that were 20 months ( SD = 2.02 months) apart, in between which n = 216 individuals were bereaved. Actor–partner interdependence models showed that bereavement did not predict later self-esteem or life satisfaction in either of the partners. The relationship characteristics and the type of lost relationship did not moderate the effects. The subjective meaning and distress of the loss predicted later self-esteem and life satisfaction. The self-esteem increase was larger for bereaved with a positive/neutral than for bereaved with a negative meaning of the bereavement. We found a partner effect on self-esteem for the group of bereaved who reported a negative meaning of the bereavement. The findings demonstrate that bereavement can impact romantic partners' self-esteem and that the subjective experience of bereavement helps understand individual differences in the effect of bereavement on self-esteem and life satisfaction.
Fixture layout optimization for car dashboard based on N-X locating principle
Authors: Liu Ze , Sun Yu
Published: January 2022

A fixture is a crucial component in the car dashboard manufacturing system and is used to position and restrain the car dashboard under external forces. However, the conventional fixture is only suitable for a specific type of car dashboard, which has poor adaptability. To this end, a new flexible fixture based on the N- X locating principle is proposed in this paper to adapt to different types of car dashboards. In the presented fixture, N clamping elements clamp the dashboard edge, while X movable supporting elements support the area close to the tool along the machining path. Furthermore, the fixture layout is optimized by combining a genetic algorithm (GA) and finite element analysis (FEA). In the optimization program, a multi-objective optimization function is established to suppress the deformation of the car dashboard. FEA is applied to calculate the machining deformation. The optimal locations of the fixture elements are determined by GA. A case is implemented to validate the proposed method and the results show that the maximum deformation and average deformation are reduced by 53.8% and 40%, respectively, compared with the empirical method.
Aerodynamic investigation of Passer domesticus inspired biomimetic wing at low Reynolds number
Authors: Shaik Masuruddin , Hazarika Shyamanta M
Published: January 2022

A biomimetic wing is designed by considering the wing of a natural flyer ( Passer domesticus) as a reference. Since the birds have thin wings, Bergey BW-3, a thin and highly cambered airfoil, is used to design the wing cross section. To investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the biomimetic wing, numerical and experimental studies are carried out at low Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 2.5 × 104 to 1 × 105. It is observed that the numerical findings have the similar trend as that of the experimental observations. The performance of the biomimetic wing is compared with rectangular and elliptical wings at Re = 5 × 104. It is observed that the separation bubble formed over the surface of the biomimetic wing at Re = 2.5 × 104 is not strong enough to influence the lift coefficient but increases the drag coefficient dramatically when the mean angle of attack exceeds 18°. It is observed that the drop in the lift coefficient of rectangular wing is higher than that of the other wings due to the presence of sharp edges in the planform. The lowest drag coefficient is witnessed in the elliptical wing but it also has the lowest lift coefficient due to the interaction between the separation bubble and tip vortices. On the other hand, the biomimetic wing offers the highest lift coefficient with a considerable amount of drag. Overall, a 57.9% increase in lift coefficient is observed for the biomimetic wing than that of the elliptical wing under the same conditions. A 22.4% increase in the lift to drag ratio of the biomimetic wing is observed over that of the rectangular wing. It is also observed that the flow separates dramatically as the mean angle of attack increases beyond the stall angle in the rectangular and elliptical wings. But a delay in the flow separation is observed in case of the biomimetic wing after the stall angle. It is also observed that the suction over the wing surface of the biomimetic wing is more at the wing root (fixed end) than that at the wing tip (free end), which may provide good stability during flight conditions. The enhanced aerodynamic performance of the biomimetic wing is due to change in shape of the wing along the span which has a strong influence over its effective angle of attack with respect to the incoming flow.
Measurement and analysis of sustainable indicators in machining of Armox 500T armor steel
Authors: Kuntoğlu Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Armox 500T is a special type of armor steel possessing superior mechanical properties suitable for use in vehicles and buildings need for first priority protection. Since these products are large-scale, a welding groove needs to be created before joining which can be done by milling operations. This study aims to address this point by questioning the impact of clean environments, namely, dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and LN2-based cryogenic cooling on the machining performance measures during milling. The novelty of this paper is the investigation of the effects of different cutting environments on the milling performance of Armox 500T armor steel. The results from this study showed that cryogenic medium has an impressive impact on controlling the temperatures at tool-chip interface which directly reduces flank wear development. In addition, cryogenic and MQL-assisted machining is much better than dry environment in achieving improved surface properties, chip shape, and energy consumptions. Cryogenic cooling seems as the best option for hard milling pursued by MQL and dry environments, respectively, from the sustainability and machinability point of view.
Artificial neural networks controller of active suspension for ambulance based on ISO standards
Authors: Hamza Anis , Ben Yahia Noureddine
Published: January 2022

The level of vibration to which a patient is subjected in an ambulance is often too high. Ambulance personnel should take steps to reduce these vibrations. To avoid slowdowns and other barriers that create high vibration peaks, the speed is reduced or the ambulance deviates from the quicker or shorter path. This work implements Artificial Neural Network (ANN) control over five low-cost active shock absorbers proposed to decreasing the impact of vibration on a patient’s body during an ambulance ride. For this, the passive shock absorber is replaced by a new actuator consisting of a conventional hydraulic cylinder with a proportional butterfly valve placed outside the cylinder between its orifices. The ANN is used to adjust the damping coefficient. The ANN controller inputs are the accelerations of the sprung and unsprung masses, and the output is the valve opening area. Two forces may be exerted by this active suspension system: one is used to compensate for the mass of the stretcher, the patient and the medical equipment if present and a second is used to actively isolate the patient from the vibrations of the ambulance. The performance of the active suspension ambulance is contrasted to that of a traditional ambulance, in which the stretcher is rigidly linked to the ambulance body. When compared to alternative controllers, the findings showed that the proposed register controlled by ANN performed better. The simulations demonstrate that the active system may minimize the vibrations of the patient’s mass and the stretcher by more than 70% for random abnormalities in the road that meet the ISO2631-5 and ISO 8608 standards.
Genetic screening of early-onset patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel
Authors: Dasdemir Selcuk , Yildiz Mehmet , Celebi Damla , Sahin Sezgin , Aliyeva Numune , Haslak Fatih , Gunalp Aybuke , Adrovic Amra , Barut Kenan , Artim Esen Bahar , Kasapcopur Ozgur
Published: January 2022

Objective

In this study, we aimed to screen 31 genes (C1QA, C1QB, C1QC, C1R, C1S, C2, C3, TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR, DNASE1, DNASE1L3, PRKCD, ACP5, SLC7A7, IFIH1, TMEM173, ISG15, CYBB, FAS, FASLG, KRAS, NRAS, MAN2B1, PEPD, PTPN11, RAG2, and SHOC2), that we have categorized under the umbrella term “monogenic lupus” using a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel in 24 individuals with early-onset (≤10 years of age) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 24 patients with late-onset (>10 years of age) disease.

Methods

A total of 48 SLE patients (24 with disease onset ≤10 years of age and 24 with disease onset >10 years of age) were included. Patients with late-onset disease have been used as patient controls. Sequencing was carried out using 400 bp kit on the Ion S5 system.

Results

Among the 48 patients, three had one pathogenic variant and 45 patients had at least one rare variant classified as benign, likely benign or variant of unknown significance (VUS). In all three patients with a pathogenic variant, the onset of disease was before 10 years of age. Two patients (they were siblings) carried C1QA homozygote pathogenic allele (p.Gln208Ter, rs121909581), and one patient carried PEPD heterozygote pathogenic allele (p.Arg184Gln, rs121917722).

Conclusion

We demonstrated a pathogenic variant in our target gene panel with a frequency of 9.52% in patients with a disease onset ≤10 years of age. All patients with early-onset SLE phenotype, irrespective of a positive family history for SLE or parental consanguinity, should be scanned for a single-gene defect by a targeted gene panel sequencing. With the discovery of many single-gene defects and ongoing efforts to identify novel genes in SLE, similar gene panels including even more genes will possibly become more necessary and practical in the future.
The impact of (counter-)terrorism on public (in)security in Nigeria: A vernacular analysis
Authors: Oyawale Akinyemi
Published: January 2022

This article examines the impact of (counter-)terrorism on public (in)security in Nigeria through engaging with non-elite understandings of ongoing conflicts in the northeast. Through 41 in-depth interviews carried out during a four-month fieldwork exercise with internally displaced persons in Nigeria, the article contributes to current (counter-)terrorism research on Nigeria and Africa by examining the lived experiences of non-traditional security ‘practitioners’, thus enriching current debates about ‘deepening’ and ‘broadening’ the security concept within critical security studies. The images of security that emerge show that the public in Nigeria adopt two main discursive devices, that is, a story and an interpretative repertoire, to discursively position themselves in relation to Boko Haram, the state and societal discourses and practices. Two discourses are prominent, namely a ‘(counter-)terrorist people’ discourse and a ‘ kafir’ or ‘infidel’ discourse, which are constructed around ‘ethnic’ and ‘religious’ identities. This vernacular study of public understandings of (counter-)terrorism in Nigeria achieves three primary objectives: (i) it serves to invigorate debates around the meaning and practice of (in)security in Nigeria, (ii) it expands public (in)security debates on Africa, and (iii) it enriches vernacular research debate through foregrounding the experiences of groups and individuals who experience insecurity in their everyday lives.
Current Status of Research on Mobile Banking: An Analysis of Literature
Authors: Ashique Ali K. A.  , Subramanian Rameshkumar
Published: January 2022

The banking industry across the globe has been undergoing severe transformation due to the development in the field of information and communication technology (ICT). This transformation process not only introduced innovative products but also changed the way of service delivery. Mobile banking is the most popular and powerful mode of service delivery, which ensures the delivery of banking services anywhere and anytime. This article attempts to analyse the current status of research on mobile banking in order to identify the themes to be explored by future researchers. With the deft use of different inclusion and exclusion criteria and relevant and appropriate keywords, 79 journal articles published in renowned databases were selected for an in-depth review and thorough analysis. The place of study, target group focus, the theoretical models adopted and the themes considered were the basis for analysis. Most of the studies were found to have been undertaken in developing countries, and the initial adoption is the most explored area of research on mobile banking. Technology acceptance model (TAM) is the most widely used theoretical model for predicting mobile banking adoption. As the continuance intention to use mobile banking is the less explored one, there is a need to shift the research focus from initial adoption to the continuance intention to use mobile banking. Research studies on mobile banking need to be conducted among distinct groups such as the otherwise-abled, migrant workers and marginalized sections of society as they have the potential to make great contributions towards the digital economy and nation building.
Early Palliative Care in Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Southwest China
Authors: Chen Mengting , Yang Liejun , Yu Huiqing , Yu Huijuan , Wang Sixiong , Tian Ling , Liu Shihong
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Effective interventions to improve prognosis in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are urgently needed. We assessed the effect of the early integration of interdisciplinary palliative care (based on WARM model) for patients with NSCLC on the quality of life (QoL), psychological state, cancer pain and nutritional status. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 120 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to the combined early palliative care (CEPC) group integrated with standard oncologic care or standard oncological care (SC) group. QoL and psychological state were assessed at baseline and at 24 weeks by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Cancer nutritional and pain status were assessed with the use of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), respectively. The primary outcome was the change in the quality of life, psychological state and nutritional status at 24 weeks. Analysis was by intention to treat. Results: 120 patients were enrolled: 60 in CEPC group (38 completed) and 60 in the SC group (32 completed). CEPC group had a better QoL than SC group ( P < .05). In addition, fewer patients in the CEPC group than in the SC group had depressive ( P = .005) symptoms. Furthermore, patients in CEPC group had a better nutritional status than SC group ( P = .001). Conclusion: Among patients with non–small-cell lung cancer, early palliative care led to significant improvements in quality of life, psychological state and nutritional status.
The Search Between Two Worlds: Motivations for and Consequences of U.S.-Dwelling Chinese’s Use of U.S. and Chinese Media for COVID-19 Information
Authors: Lu Hang , Chu Haoran
Published: January 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to inflict damage throughout the world, some minority groups are bearing a disproportionate share of its impacts. We concentrated on one such group, U.S.-dwelling Chinese, who have had to cope with challenges related to acculturation, health, safety, and racism. Recognizing that health information seeking was an essential step in helping maintain and improve health behaviors, we conducted a two-wave longitudinal study ( N = 1,284) to examine the various factors predicting U.S.-dwelling Chinese’s use of U.S. and Chinese media for COVID-19 information as well as the consequences of their information seeking. Overall, we found that acculturation, accuracy (i.e., information insufficiency) and defense (i.e., conspiratorial beliefs) motivations, trust in media, and perceived information gathering capacity played a key role in explaining information seeking from an intercultural viewpoint, and that the use of U.S. and Chinese media was associated with different health behaviors. These findings contribute to theory and practice in a variety of ways.
The Lessons Will Be Televised: Examining Television Portrayals of Sexual Consequences by Gender
Authors: Stevens Aubrey Jennifer , Miller Brandon , Bond Bradley J. , Roberts Lindsay
Published: January 2022

This study examined the sexual double standard in the portrayal of sexual consequences on television. A content analysis of television programs nominated for Teen Choice Awards from 2012 to 2015 revealed that female characters received more negative sexual consequences than male characters, but there was no gender difference in who received positive sexual consequences. The gendered distribution of negative sexual consequences was qualified by age of the casts in the television programs. Negative sexual consequences were significantly more likely to be experienced by female characters than male characters within shows that primarily featured teens, thus reinforcing a discourse of sexual risk and danger for teen girls.
Papilledema and idiopathic intracranial hypertension due to the possible potentiation of ATRA by posaconazole in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Atas Unal , Aydin Ersoy Merve , Iltar Utku , Yucel Orhan Kemal , Turkoglu Elif Betul , Salim Ozan
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) (pseudotumor cerebri) is a rare side effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). IIH cases have been observed after the concomitant use of ATRA with azole group antimicrobials such as fluconazole and voriconazole. Here, we discuss about the diagnosis and treatment process of the IIH emerging in a young acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) case with the ATRA impact, which can be increased by posaconazole.

Case

A 19-year-old male patient was diagnosed with APL. Headache and blurred vision were developed on the 12th day of the AIDA (ATRA, 45 mg/m2/day, oral and idarubicin 12 mg/m2, on days 2, 4, 6, 8, intravenous) protocol and posaconazole proflaxis. He was diagnosed IIH along with the existing eye findings and imagings.

Management & Outcome

ATRA treatment and posaconazole were interrupted. Systemic acetazolamide and dexamethasone treatment were initiated. After significant clinical response was observed, ATRA treatment was resumed without posaconazole and a similar clinical condition did not recur.

Discussion

The combined use of ATRA and azole group drugs increases the risk of developing IIH. Patients with APL who developed IIH during the concomitant use of ATRA and fluconazole or voriconazole have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, our case is the first APL case with a IIH who treated with ATRA-based therapy and used posaconazole. In case of development of side effects, drugs should be interrupted and this combination should be avoided if possible after appropriate approach and clinical improvement.