bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacists’ Intervention in Inappropriate Aspirin Prescribing in a Geriatric Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Tulcewicz Paige , Atkinson Kimberly , Koff Andrea , Smith Carl
Published: February 2025

Background: In recent years, aspirin use has been controversial for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events. Numerous clinical trials have proven that aspirin does not improve outcomes and increases major bleeding rates. Despite clinical
trial data and guideline recommendations, there remains a large number of older adults taking aspirin for primary prevention. Objective: Describe the impact that pharmacists had on the discontinuation of inappropriately prescribed aspirin in a geriatric primary care clinic.
Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients taking aspirin. A report was generated for all patients with aspirin on their medication list. The pharmacist determined the indication for aspirin. If patients were taking aspirin for primary prevention, the pharmacist recommended
aspirin be discontinued. Results: A total of 528 patients were included in this study. There were 321 (61%) females and 207 (39%) males. After analyzing aspirin indication, 122 (48%) were taking aspirin for primary prevention, 273 (52%) were taking aspirin for secondary
prevention, and 133 (52%) were taking aspirin for another indication. The recommendation to discontinue aspirin was accepted 91 times and declined 30 times, yielding a 75% acceptance rate. Conclusion: Aspirin has several appropriate indications for use; however, previous
studies have shown that risk outweighs benefit when used for primary prevention of ASCVD events in the geriatric population. When aspirin is on a patient’s medication list, it should be assessed routinely for appropriateness. This retrospective review by pharmacists highlights the need
for review and discontinuation of aspirin when appropriate.
Автополярные конические тела и многогранники
Authors: Makarov Maksim Sergeevich , Protasov Vladimir Yur'evich
Published: February 2025

Антинорма в линейном пространстве является вогнутым аналогом нормы. Она, в отличие от нормы, определена не на всем пространстве $\mathbb R^d$, а на произвольном конусе $K\subset \mathbb R^d$. Антинормы применяются в функциональном анализе, оптимальном управлении, динамических системах. Множества уровня антинормы называются коническими телами и (для кусочно линейных антинорм) коническими многогранниками. Основные факты и понятия "вогнутого анализа" антинорм такие, как теоремы отделимости, двойственность, поляры, функционал Минковского и т.д., подобны своим аналогам в выпуклом анализе. Есть, однако, и существенные отличия. Одно из них - существование множества самодвойственных объектов. Мы покажем, что существует бесконечное множество семейств автополярных конических тел и многогранников в конусе $K=\mathbb R^d_+$, и получим алгоритм их построения. При $d=2$ он дает полную классификацию самодвойственных антинорм, в то время как при $d\ge 3$ построены соответствующие контрпримеры.
Библиография: 29 названий.
Последовательности частных сумм кратных тригонометрических рядов Фурье
Authors: Konyagin Sergei Vladimirovich
Published: February 2025

Пусть $f$ - интегрируемая $2\pi$-периодическая функция $d\ge2$ переменных. Для ограниченного множества $A$ в $d$-мерном пространстве через $S_A(f)$ мы обозначаем сумму членов ряда Фурье функции $f$ с частотами из $A$. В статье изучается следующий вопрос: пусть $\{A_j\}$ - последовательность ограниченных выпуклых множеств; существуют ли функция $f$ и последовательность $\{j_\nu\}$ такие, что $\lim_{\nu\to\infty} |S_{A_{j_\nu}} (f)|=\infty$ почти всюду?
Библиография: 5 названий.
Effects of rescue airway pressure release ventilation on mortality in severe pediatric acute respiratory distress
syndrome: a retrospective comparative analysis from India
Authors: Chandelia Sudha , Kishore Sunil , Gangwal Maansi , Shanmugasundaram Devika
Published: February 2025

Background: Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) has a mortality rate of up to 75%, which can be up to 90% in high-risk patients. Even with the use of advanced ventilation strategies, mortality remains unacceptably high at 40%. Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) mode is a new strategy in PARDS. Our aim was to evaluate whether use of APRV mode in severe PARDS was associated with reduced hospital mortality compared to other modes of ventilation.Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study using data from case files in a pediatric intensive care unit of a university-affiliated tertiary-care hospital. The study period (January 2014 to December 2019) covered three years before routine use of APRV mode to three years after its implementation. We compared severe PARDS patients in two groups: The APRV group (who received APRV as rescue therapy after failing protective ventilation); and The Non-APRV group, who received other modes of ventilation.Results: A total of 24 patients in each group were analyzed. Overall in-hospital mortality in the APRV group was 79% versus 91% in the Non-APRV group. In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the APRV group (univariate analysis: hazard ratio [HR], 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14–0.52; P=0.001 and multivariate analysis: HR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.005–0.17; P=0.001). Survival times were significantly longer in the APRV group (median time to death: 7.5 days in APRV vs. 4.3 days in non-APRV; P=0.001).Conclusions: Use of rescue APRV mode in severe PARDS may yield lower mortality rates and longer survival times.
Emocje pola walki w żywocie Lucjusza Korneliusza Sulli autorstwa Plutarcha z Cheronei
Authors: Ładoń Tomasz
Published: February 2025

The article is divided into two parts. In the first one, the author tries to determine how Sulla influenced the soldiers’ emotions before the battle – he draws attention to Sulla’s emphasizing relationships with the gods, his belief in felicitas and bona fortuna, as well as in signs and dreams. In the second part of the article, the author looks at the way in which Plutarch presents battles and tries to answer the question to what extent he managed to convey the real emotions prevailing on the battlefield.
„Śmiał się, gdy mu wyrzynali serce”. Etos heroicznej śmierci wikinga a emocje
Authors: Leśniakiewicz-Drzymała Renata
Published: February 2025

In the war-centered culture of the Vikings, the ethos of heroic death occupied a special place. The measure of a warrior’s worth was not his victory, but his final defeat and the way he left this world, showing no fear or regret, presenting an attitude of cold contempt of pain. The source material shows, however, that although the characters, being under the pressure of cultural pattern, do not openly reveal their emotions accompanying death, they betray them through somatic symptoms that are beyond their conscious control, theatrical gestures or surprising behavior. Feelings such as joy at the upcoming revenge, surprise, grief, anger and envy for the survivors unexpectedly show the ethos of heroic death and the people of the Viking Age in a slightly different light than they are usually perceived in.
Kiedy poniosą emocje – przypadki nieregulaminowych zachowań żołnierzy afroamerykańskich oraz ich karania w okresie wojny secesyjnej w świetle sprawozdań głównych sądów wojskowych
Authors: Derengowski Piotr
Published: February 2025

Despite the fact, that it has been over 160 years since the end of the Civil War, this conflict is still causing some emotions among the historians. It is mainly due to its complex character. The war was conducted simultaneously on several levels, and each one was an additional source of emotions. This article will focus on one of them in particular – i.e. in what way the race relations affected the behaviour of black soldiers during the Civil War, and to what extent we should consider discrimination as a contributing factor in cases of violation of army regulations. This issue will be investigated by analysing the proceedings of General Courts-Martial of the 9th Corps of the Army of the Potomac.
Reakcje kobiet i mężczyzn na wydarzenia wojenne – ziemie polskie podczas I wojny światowej (na przykładzie dzienników wojennych)
Authors: Sierakowska Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

This study examines emotional expression within the diaries of two young individuals amidst World War I: a woman residing in Warsaw and a man from Galicia serving in the royal-imperial Army. Through a comparative analysis, emotions such as boredom, sadness, fear, and joy are scrutinized alongside their respective modes of expression. Findings suggest a convergence of emotional experiences shared by contemporaries within the same temporal and geographical context. The investigation delves into whether gender influences the manner in which emotions are articulated, and if stereotypes pertaining to women’s emotional nature manifest within their diary entries and behavioral patterns. This research contributes to understanding the nuances of emotional expression during a tumultuous historical period and sheds light on gendered perceptions and experiences.
Od entuzjazmu do gniewu: dynamika emocji podczas I wojny światowej na przykładzie mieszkańców Galicji
Authors: Ruszała Kamil
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the intertwining of emotions associated with the beginning and end of the First World War, illustrating their complexity and evolution, with a focus on Habsburg Galicia and its inhabitants during said war. In the context of the war outbreak in 1914, emotions such as contempt, anger, or lack of respect for the state were influenced by both current events and the background of pre-war moods. Rooted in political aspects, these emotions were a result of prolonged national conflicts and politics. In contrast, the conclusion of the war is portrayed as a period of brief wartime experience, triggering social dissatisfaction due to shortages, hunger, and cold. Emotions expressed during protests indicated criticism of economic policies, later transitioning to political aspects related to treaties and peace demands. The evolution of emotions from the beginning to the end of the war sheds light on the changing social and political contexts of this tumultuous period. This article argues as well how the emotions were connected with the community, which makes them more collective than individual.
New normal experiences of VSU-Isabel students living in the mountainous areas
Authors: Aunzo, Jr. Rodulfo T. , Biore Gen Ann , Cubico Ryza Jane , Erederos Bhea Mae , Latoy Jackelyn
Published: February 2025

Amid the widespread Covid-19 pandemic in the Philippines, the educational landscape has undergone a significant transformation. In response, national government officials and educational institutions nationwide implement lockdown measures, necessitating a shift in education provision. This leads to the adoption of online distance learning as the primary mode of instruction. However, this transition poses challenges, especially for students in remote mountainous regions dealing with issues like limited Internet connectivity and resource constraints, making module completion and online class participation daunting. This study delves into the experiences of students in these areas, exploring the challenges they face and the coping mechanisms employed. Using a qualitative and phenomenological research approach, the cohort includes 11 participants identified through snowball sampling. The collected data undergo rigorous analysis using Collaizi’s method, revealing multifaceted challenges such as poor Internet connectivity, financial constraints, adverse weather conditions, a lack of quality electronic devices, and comprehension difficulties with lessons and the VSU E-learning portal. Additionally, students describe the lengths they go to in search of Internet signals, involving activities like climbing trees or venturing to elevated terrains. Despite these challenges, students exhibit resilience, adopting strategic approaches to overcome difficulties and drawing valuable life lessons, ultimately internalizing that adversities are stepping stones to success and surrendering is not an option.
Congruence Closure Modulo Groups
Authors: Kim Dohan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a new framework for constructing congruence closure of a finite set of ground equations over uninterpreted symbols and interpreted symbols for the group axioms. In this framework, ground equations are flattened into certain forms by introducing new constants, and a completion procedure is performed on ground flat equations. The proposed completion procedure uses equational inference rules and constructs a ground convergent rewrite system for congruence closure with such interpreted symbols. If the completion procedure terminates, then it yields a decision procedure for the word problem for a finite set of ground equations with respect to the group axioms. This paper also provides a sufficient terminating condition of the completion procedure for constructing a ground convergent rewrite system from ground flat equations containing interpreted symbols for the group axioms. In addition, this paper presents a new method for constructing congruence closure of a finite set of ground equations containing interpreted symbols for the semigroup, monoid, and the multiple disjoint sets of group axioms, respectively, using the proposed framework.
Safety Assessment of Cannabidiol (CBD) as a Novel Food for Use in Food and Food Supplements (RP521)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: February 2025

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) received an application from TTS-Pharma Limited, UK (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of cannabidiol (CBD) as a novel food in March 2021.

The novel food is seeking to use the novel food as an ingredient in beverages, chewing gum, gummies, preserves, sports gels and powders, and food supplements for adults (excluding pregnant and lactating women and other specifically identified vulnerable groups including those taking medication and the immunocompromised).

To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe and does not put consumers at a nutritional disadvantage.

The novel food was assessed based on the data provided. This review indicated it was appropriate for the provisional Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for 98% purity or greater CBD to form part of the evidence for this assessment.

For CBD, a provisional acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 10 mg/day has been published by the FSA and was considered in assessing this novel food. The provisional ADI (section 2.7) was recommended, subject to the existing advice to consumers that pregnant and breastfeeding women and people taking any prescription medication should avoid the consumption of CBD. Consumers on regular medications should seek advice from a medical professional before using any type of CBD food product. In addition, children and prospective parents trying for a baby are advised against consumption of CBD, as are those who are immunosuppressed, due to remaining data gaps and residual uncertainties concerning the safety of CBD for these groups of consumers. These contraindications would also apply to this novel food.

The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure that CBD was safe under the intended conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the intended use in food and food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous.

The safety assessment represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
NORMA SRPSKOG JEZIKA IZMEĐU TEORIJE I PRAKSE
Authors:   State University of Novi Pazar, Bjelak Adnan H. , Muhović Ersan S. ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Serbia
Published: February 2025

In the paper, we examine of the use of the language standard in practice,
and based on the data we have collected in March of the academic year 2022/23 in
a survey of students of the State University in Novi Pazar (study programs Serbian
literature and language, Teacher in preschool institutions, Chemistry, and Biology). The
survey contained thirty examples that belonged to the norm of the Serbian language
with their variants that were frequently in use and were part of the pseudo-norm.
The task was for the students who participated in the survey to mark the form they
used in each given pair, and not the one they thought belonged to the norm of the
Serbian language. Sixty students participated in the research, of which 23 students
from the study program Serbian literature and language and 37 students from the
study programs Chemistry, Biology, and Preschool Teacher. The goal of the research
was to examine and confirm the hypotheses that students of literature and languages
adhered to standards more than students of other scientific fields, that the use of
standards among students of literature and languages was conditioned by the year
of study they were in, but also to show that the overall results initiated considering
the necessity of studying spelling and language culture in all study programs, so as to
contribute to the development of imperative functional literacy in the academic society.
We approached the results with quantitative, qualitative, and comparative analyses.
DIGITALNA KNJIŽEVNOST I NJENE (HISPANOAMERIČKE) PRETEČE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Serbia, Veljović Jelica A.
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with new literary phenomenon which have emerged
from the context of the posthuman age, due to the expansion of the technological
and informational coding in culture and human creativity in whole. First of all, the
paper will present an overview of the concept of digital or electronic literature, her
relation to the society of the 3 rd and the 4 th Industrial Revolution, as well as with the
scholarship and academic discourses that tend to introduce it to the framework of
literary theory and define it as such. Accessing the framework of the digital literature,
the paper will bring out the most referential and common characteristic of the same,
so as to make the associations with the literary work and poetics of two representers
of the Latin-American fantastic realism – Jorge Luis Borges and Julio Cortázar. These
associations will be established thanks to the concepts as hypertext and interactive
reader, that both authors rely on, and that present the digital literature’s main char-
acteristics. In that way it will be indicated to the possibilities of the new readings of
their works as of precursors of the digital literature. Although the digital literature is
bound to the age they couldn’t live of testify, their literature surely makes its founda-
tions as palimpsest or literary substrate of a kind.
Analisis Dampak Perusahaan Kelapa Sawit PT. Agriprima Cipta Persada terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Rusianti Anita , Sinaga Syamsidar
Published: February 2025

Viewed from an economic aspect, palm oil can support domestic industries based on palm oil-based products. Apart from that, the development of many economic centers in new regions will support regional development, and ultimately create job opportunities and reduce unemployment. This research uses a quantitative description method, namely a research approach that aims to describe or explain certain phenomena using numerical data and draw conclusions. The aim of this research is to determine the difference between the welfare conditions of the people of Elnggol Jaya Village before and after the establishment of the oil palm plantation company PT. Agriprima Cipta Persada. The conclusion that can be obtained is that based on the results of the sample scoring, the average level of welfare of the people of Elnggol Jaya village before the existence of PT. Aggriprima Cipta Persada was 14.3 points, whereas after the existence of PT. Agriprima Cipta Persada increased the level of community welfare by 21.9 points.
Analisis Kebijakan Penghapusan Tenaga Honorer di Lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bangkalan
Authors: Destianikitha Baiq Dessyazizah , Firdaus Restu Agung
Published: February 2025

The elimination of honorary workers in the Bangkalan Regency Government has become a policy that raises various issues, both in terms of the welfare of honorary workers and the effectiveness of government administration. This policy was implemented due to the perceived low welfare of honorary workers, as there is no clear regulation regarding salary standards. Nevertheless, many honorary workers remain in their positions due to subjective happiness, such as life satisfaction, a sense of pride in being part of the government, and the hope of being appointed as civil servants (PNS) or government employees with work agreements (PPPK) without testing. However, the recruitment process for honorary workers that does not align with employee needs, based on prevailing regulations, has led to an uncontrolled surge in honorary workers. Additionally, this process is often associated with corruption, collusion, and nepotism, making the dismissal of honorary workers difficult. To address this issue, a strong commitment from both central and regional governments is necessary to ensure that the elimination of honorary workers is carried out gradually without creating new problems. The policy model applied in this process is a comprehensive rational policy model, which emphasizes decision-making based on actual needs while considering rationality to achieve efficiency and effectiveness in workforce governance in Bangkalan Regency.
O futuro de law and economics: reforma tributária e lei Robin Hood - análise econômica do direito e pesquisa empírica aplicadas ao poder público
Authors: Montolli Carolina Ângelo
Published: February 2025

A Lei Robin Hood tem permitido que ocorra uma melhor distribuição dos valores do ICMS devidos aos municípios do estado de Minas Gerais. O objetivo desse artigo foi realizar uma análise acerca do direito econômico considerando a Lei Robin Hood, visando atender aos seus propósitos igualitários e proativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica.  Como critério de inclusão dos materiais literários neste estudo, definiu-se sem período de publicações mínimo pela possibilidade de poder ser encontrado um número maior de artigos científicos sobre o tema. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram concluir que a descentralização dos recursos financeiros toma-se importante para os municípios, pois terão mais recursos à sua disposição. A Lei Estadual 12.040 de 28 de dezembro de 1995 e suas alterações toma-se importante para os municípios mineiros no que se refere-se às finanças públicas. A receita disponível municipal inclui a arrecadação própria dos municípios bem como as transferências cedidas pela União e pelos estados.
Norma geral de compensação ambiental: fundamentos e parâmetros jurídicos
Authors: Quintanilha de Oliveira Leonardo David
Published: February 2025

O artigo examina o regime jurídico da compensação ambiental sob a ótica do direito brasileiro. Argumenta-se que, além das compensações ambientais explicitamente previstas em leis federais, estaduais e municipais (compensação típica), normas infralegais ou órgãos de controle ambiental podem estabelecer compensações atípicas como condicionantes no âmbito do licenciamento ou do processo de autorização ambiental, pois o instituto não se submete à reserva de lei formal. Esse poder-dever, exercido com base na discricionariedade técnica dos agentes públicos, é fundamentado em uma norma geral de compensação ambiental estabelecida pela Constituição Federal, pelo direito internacional e pela legislação vigente. O objetivo da compensação é a manutenção do equilíbrio ambiental, direito-dever fundamental de natureza indisponível. O artigo também discorre sobre a diferença entre compensação e outros institutos que realizam o princípio do poluidor-pagador, tais como responsabilidade civil ambiental, preço público, tributação ambiental e sanções punitivas. Ressalta-se a importância de regulamentação de parâmetros para a fixação e quantificação das compensações ambientais, visando à segurança jurídica e objetividade de atuação do órgão ambiental. De toda forma, são propostos parâmetros jurídicos para esse fim (contraditório e ampla defesa, transparência, proporcionalidade e motivação), além das consequências disso, como a necessidade de reavaliação e/ou requalificação da compensação em caso de alteração do projeto licenciado ou redefinição do impacto e exigência de proximidade locacional entre o empreendimento impactante e o destino da compensação. Finalmente, defende-se que o dever de fundamentar nas compensações ambientais atípicas é mais rigoroso que nas compensações típicas.
Crise: E agora? O quanto o setor elétrico está preparado para resolvê-la
Authors: Gomes Maria Eduarda
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é o de avaliar como o setor elétrico brasileiro enfrenta crises de oferta de energia elétrica. Para tanto, partiu-se do diagnóstico elaborado pelo TCU com relação à ausência de plano de contingenciamento de crises de energia. A partir desde diagnóstico, a hipótese formulada é a de que inexistem mecanismos de public enforcement na regulação do setor elétrico que estimulem a elaboração de tal plano de contingenciamento. Ao final deste artigo, são propostas algumas sugestões de mecanismos em linha com a literatura sobre o tema e as regras que balizam a atuação do CMSE, ANEEL e ONS.
Issues of legal protection of intellectual property rights
Authors: Kalmyrza G. M. , Alaeva G. T.
Published: February 2025

The development and implementation of effective legal protection systems to combat violation of intellectual property rights is an urgent problem of our time. This allows owners of intellectual property rights to stop the infringement of their rights and compensate for the losses incurred. The main goal of this article is to explain the need and importance of means of individualization of participants in economic activity for effective economic turnover. Therefore, in the modern period, when our state has become an active participant in the world market, interstate trade relations are rapidly developing, and the legal norms governing them are being brought into one system, there is an objective need for a comprehensive study of the means of individualization of business entities. When researching the topic, general scientiﬁc and individual scientiﬁc methods were used. Conclusions are drawn as a result of studying the practical value of the article, the formulation of proposals for amending and supplementing a number of legal norms in the ﬁeld of intellectual property law.
PENDIDIKAN INKLUS
Authors: Supitno Reni , Widiyawati Widiyawati , Jamiyah Siti , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: February 2025

Inclusive Education is an educational service that provides opportunities for all students who have disabilities and require special services to be able to participate in learning activities in one class without distinction and discrimination. Formally, the implementation of Inclusive Education in Indonesia has only been implemented in the last ten years, but naturally Inclusive Education in Indonesia has been running for a long time. The implementation of Inclusive Education in Indonesia is based on the philosophy of our country's motto, namely Bhineka Tunggal Ika, the social culture of the Indonesian nation that upholds existing diversity. The foundation of inclusive education is rooted in the principles of justice and equality, which are stated in the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. This shows the state's commitment to providing quality education for all children, regardless of their background or physical condition. Inclusive Education has several characteristics, including: accommodating all types of student differences, providing a friendly and supportive learning environment, and involving all children in the learning process without separating them based on special needs.
Características emocionales de docentes en municipios sede de los nodos norte y oriente.
Authors: Correa Serna Kelly Alejandra , HURTADO CASTAÑO CATALINA
Published: February 2025

El propósito de esta investigación es analizar las dinámicas emocionales que enfrentan los docentes en Guarne y Yarumal, Colombia, municipios de los nodos territoriales norte y oriente, mediante la aplicación del método cuantitativo por medio de encuestas como instrumentos de medición. De los resultados, se observa que son relevantes los aspectos contextuales y demográficos en la percepción emocional en cuanto a la satisfacción, la realización, el estrés y equilibrio entre la vida personal y laboral.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the emotional dynamics faced by teachers in Guarne and Yarumal, Colombia, municipalities of the northern and eastern territorial nodes, using a quantitative method through surveys as measurement instruments. Findings indicate that contextual and demographic aspects are relevant in emotional perceptions concerning satisfaction, fulfillment, stress, and the balance between personal and professional life.
Jornadas de las y los estudiantes y su relación con el rendimiento académico
Authors: Guzmán Campos Alejandra , Alvarez Loera Ana Cecilia , Díaz Olvera Ernesto , Montero Mendoza Roxana
Published: February 2025

Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las distintas jornadas que cubren los y las estudiantes, las similitudes y diferencias por sexo, así como la relación que guardan con el rendimiento académico. La metodología utilizada es descriptiva y correlacional. La brecha en el trabajo remunerado y en el cuidado de otros no resultó significativa entre los alumnos encuestados. Los hombres están incursionando en el trabajo de cuidado de otros, aunque prevalecen los roles tradicionales en lo que al trabajo doméstico refiere.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the different schedules covered by students, the similarities and differences by sex, as well as their relationship with academic performance. The methodology used is descriptive and correlational. The gap in salaries and caregiving was not significant among the students surveyed. Men are engaging in caregiving tasks, although traditional roles continue to prevail as far as domestic tasks are concerned.
HR Practices for Improving Employee Retention: Study on Some Selected Manufacturing Companies in Cumilla, Bangladesh
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, CCN University of Science & Technology, Cumilla, Bangladesh, Bhuiyan Md. Mazharul Islam , Jalil Abdul ,   Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, CCN University of Science & Technology, Cumilla, Bangladesh
Published: February 2025

In today’s business environment, it's indisputable that having effective talent that is properly trained and competent is key in driving your organization forward. Putting lots of resources into training programs can ensure employees are always well versed in how to best serve the needs of customers and clients. After being an employee for quite a while, many of them are now looking for better opportunities. That’s why it's important to keep employees from leaving the company. Well designed employee retention programs can both attract new employees and help your business to retain their existing ones. This paper will detail how you can improve Human Resource strategies and be a great employer. This paper will describe how we can improve our retention rates by objectively looking at and analyzing both secondary & primary data. The principal purpose of the study is to discuss human resource strategies with the intent of improving retention. Primary data was collected through questionnaires completed by selected employees in the Cumilla Export processing zone (EPZ). Sample size was 200 & all the respondents were executives. The collected data was analyzed by Microsoft excel. The study founds Compensation, benefit packages, company rules & regulations, limited career advancement, lack of recognition, reward, respect greatly influenced employee retention. This paper explains nine suggestions to help improve HR retention.
Study of SMS Spam Detection Using Machine Learning Based Algorithms
Authors: Ravi H Gedam
Published: February 2025

SMS spam detection is a crucial task in text classification, as unsolicited messages continue to pose security risks and inconvenience to users. This study explores the effectiveness of machine learning-based algorithms, particularly the Naive Bayes classifier, in accurately identifying and filtering spam messages. The primary objective is to classify SMS messages into spam or ham categories by analysing the occurrence of words and patterns within the text. The proposed approach involves a comprehensive pre-processing stage, including tokenization, stop-word removal, stemming, and feature extraction using techniques such as Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The Naive Bayes algorithm is then trained on a labelled dataset to learn probabilistic distributions of words in spam and ham messages. Additionally, we compare the performance of Naive Bayes with other machine learning models like Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees, and Random Forest to assess their efficiency in spam detection. The experimental analysis demonstrates that the Naive Bayes classifier, due to its probabilistic nature, achieves high accuracy with minimal computational complexity. The study also evaluates precision, recall, F1-score, and overall classification accuracy to determine the best-performing algorithm. The results suggest that machine learning-based approaches significantly enhance SMS spam detection, reducing false positives and improving message filtering. Future work aims to integrate deep learning techniques and real-time detection mechanisms to further enhance accuracy and adaptability in dynamic environments.
Penggunaan e-Komik terhadap Peningkatan Kemahiran Membaca Mekanis
Authors: Muhammad Osman , Othman Shamsudin
Published: February 2025

Kemahiran membaca belum dikuasai ramai murid sekolah rendah dengan baik manakala kemahiran membaca khususnya mekanis merupakan kemahiran asas yang perlu dikuasai seawal sekolah rendah. Situasi sebegini memerlukan kajian tentang alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemahiran membaca mekanis sesuai dengan perkembangan semasa. Oleh itu, kajian ini mengkaji kesan e-komik terhadap kemahiran membaca, terutamanya kemahiran membaca mekanis, dalam kalangan murid tahun empat. Kajian ini merupakan kuasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Kajian ini dijalankan melalui ujian pra-pasca kumpulan-kumpulan tidak setara atau seimbang (Non Equivalent Pre-Test Post Test Control Group Design). Data didapatkan melalui instrumen kajian berupa ujian bertulis dengan 60 peserta kajian yang terbahagi menjadi dua kumpulan. Kumpulan kawalan merupakan kumpulan yang menggunakan petikan bercetak buku teks, manakala kumpulan eksperimen adalah menggunakan e-komik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kemahiran membaca mekanis kumpulan eksperimen lebih tinggi secara signifikan berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Oleh itu, dapat disimpulkan bahawa e-komik berkesan terhadap peningkatan kemahiran membaca mekanis dalam kalangan murid tahun empat sekolah rendah. Hasil kajian menjadikan novelti dalam kajian yang berjaya menawarkan inovasi dalam media pembelajaran yang mengikut perkembangan semasa dunia pendidikan.
Intergenerational Dynamics of Chinese Heritage Sports in Rural Governance: Cultural Transmission and Social Cohesion
Authors: Changlong Wang , Amri Hasnul Faizal Hushin , Soh Mazlan Che
Published: February 2025

Chinese heritage sports play a crucial role in cultural preservation and rural governance, fostering social cohesion and intergenerational continuity. However, these sports face challenges due to modernization, migration, and intergenerational conflicts, which threaten their transmission and integration into contemporary governance frameworks. This study aims to explore the role of Chinese heritage sports in rural governance from an intergenerational perspective. Specifically, it investigates the mechanisms of intergenerational conflict affecting heritage sports and their implications for rural governance practices. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a literature review with field investigations conducted in L Village, Fujian. The study utilized participatory observation and in-depth interviews with local stakeholders, including village administrators, cultural practitioners, and residents, to analyze the transmission, challenges, and governance potential of the traditional "Songjiang Formation" heritage sport. The study reveals that intergenerational conflicts in heritage sports arise from shifts in values, marginalization due to modernization, and policy discrepancies. The transformation from familial to institutionalized and market-driven transmission models has weakened traditional mentorship structures. However, successful revitalization efforts in L Village demonstrate that heritage sports can serve as a medium for moral governance, social integration, and rural self-governance when supported by grassroots initiatives and policy interventions. Chinese heritage sports hold significant potential for fostering rural governance by bridging generational gaps and strengthening community ties. Addressing intergenerational conflicts through innovation, policy alignment, and participatory governance can ensure their sustainable transmission and contribution to rural modernization. Future governance models should integrate heritage sports into broader socio-economic and cultural development frameworks to enhance rural resilience and cohesion.
Preschool Language Education Goals in Three Asian Countries: A Content Analysis
Authors: Wu Bo , Razali Jamal Rizal
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the research problem of understanding preschool language education goals across different cultural contexts, focusing on China, Malaysia, and Japan. The objectives are to identify commonalities and differences in their goals and to provide targeted recommendations for improving preschool language education. Using a content analysis approach, the study reveals shared goals among the three countries, including fostering children's language application, diverse expression, and early literacy development. However, significant differences are evident: China emphasizes developing language habits, Malaysia prioritizes the systematic acquisition of language skills, and Japan focuses on nurturing emotional expression. Based on these findings, the study offers tailored recommendations for each country. The conclusions highlight the need for preschool language education to consider national contexts and educational practices more comprehensively and call for further research into the impact of curriculum implementation and coherence on language education outcomes.
Artistic Value and Confucius Culture in Kong Dexin’s Dance Drama ‘Confucius’
Authors: Guo Shiyong , Zulkafli Norzizi
Published: February 2025

This research article explores the artistic value of Chinese dance drama director Kong Dexin, with a particular focus on her outstanding dance drama ‘Confucius.’ The dance drama ‘Confucius’ is created by Kong Dexin and premiered in Beijing in 2013. The purpose of the research is to examine the artistic value and cultural significance of Kong Dexin's artistic work in the field of dance drama. The objectives include analyzing the narrative structure, choreography and cultural themes of ‘Confucius’ employed by Kong Dexin in the dance drama ‘Confucius.’ To achieve these aims, an interview was conducted with director Kong Dexin and relevant data was obtained. Primary and secondary sources were consulted, and a comprehensive analysis of Kong Dexin's dance drama work ‘Confucius’ was carried as well, combining relevant historical background and text analysis to gather relevant information and insights. The research findings reveal the depth and richness of Kong Dexin's work, demonstrating her superb skills in directing dance drama and her ability to present the culture of the ancient Chinese figure ‘Confucius.’ The thematic exploration of Confucius' cultural ideas of ‘benevolence’, ‘ritual’ and education has strongly resonated with audiences in different parts of the world. In conclusion, Kong Dexin's dance drama ‘Confucius’ is an outstanding Chinese dance drama work that combines an engaging narrative with profound insights into dance body movements. The analysis of this masterpiece contributes to a deeper understanding of the influence of Kong Dexin as a dance drama director and highlights the lasting significance of her work in the Chinese field of dance drama works.
Distribution Characteristics and Impact of Microplastics: A Literature Review
Authors: Ren Jia , Buyong Faeiza Bt , Yang Huifang
Published: February 2025

Microplastic (MP) pollution in marine and lake environments has become a worldwide problem affecting aquatic ecology and human life. However, many people still ignore the severity of MP pollution. This paper expounds on seven types and two primary sources of MP, introduces the current situation of MP both in marine and lake, summarizes the adsorption of environmental pollutants, explains the harm to the human body and the existing removal technology of microplastics (MPs) by searching and summarizing previous studies. The results showed MPs is prevalent in aquatic environments and did affect biological and human health. And some effective removal technologies have been used to reduce some MPs pollution. The paper helps to better understand the pollution status of MPs and provide as reference for future research about MPs.
Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi (FDM): Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan Modul ALGO ART Berasaskan Pemikiran Komputasional
Authors: Ibrahim Irma Rahayu Bt , Ramli Harozila Bt
Published: February 2025

Pengintegrasian pemikiran komputasional (PK) dalam pelbagai bidang pendidikan semakin mendapat perhatian kerana potensinya untuk meningkatkan kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah dan cetusan idea dalam kreativiti. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kesepakatan pakar dalam pembangunan modul pengajaran dan pembelajaran ekspresi seni catan berasaskan pemikiran komputasional bagi membantu guru di sekolah menengah. Keperluan utama dan turutan kedudukan keutamaan bagi setiap item dalam reka bentuk pembangunan modul ALGO ART yang berasaskan pemikiran komputasional ini menggunakan kaedah Fuzzy Delphi beserta tujuh skala likert. Pengkaji turut mendapatkan konsensus pakar berjumlah 19 orang pakar yang terdiri dari pelbagai bidang terutamanya bidang pedagogi pendidikan seni visual, bidang teknologi dan pendidikan, bidang pemikiran komputasional dan bidang pembangunan modul. Instrumen kajian merangkumi 66 item soalan yang dikategorikan kepada 10 konstruk utama, iaitu (i) Objektif (ii) Reka bentuk Pengajaran, (iii) Antara Muka, (iv) Komponen Ekspresi Seni Catan, (v) Pemikiran Komputasional, (vi) Teori Pembelajaran Kognitivisme Piaget (vii) Isi Kandungan (viii) Penilaian (viiii)Pendigitalan dan (x)Gambar Ilustrasi. Analisis data telah dilaksanakan menerusi pendekatan penomboran segi tiga Fuzzy, manakala kedudukan hierarki setiap item dikenalpasti melalui proses Defuzzification. Penemuan kajian memperlihatkan kesepakatan dalam kalangan panel pakar terhadap kesemua item dalam konstruk utama yang dikaji. Kesemua item telah mencapai penerimaan berdasarkan tiga kriteria Fuzzy yang ditetapkan, iaitu: nilai threshold (d) yang tidak melebihi atau bersamaan dengan 0.2, peratusan konsensus pakar yang mencapai atau melebihi 75%, serta nilai Defuzzification (alpha cut) yang mencapai atau melebihi 0.5. Modul ALGO ART yang berasaskan pemikiran komputasional di harap dapat mencetuskan idea baharu dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran ekspresi seni catan.
A Review of the Effects of Anthropomorphic Design on Consumer Emotions
Authors: Tian Yuyang , Zakaria Siti Farhana , Wang Jun , Qiu Ye
Published: February 2025

Anthropomorphic design, which attributes human-like characteristics to non-human objects, has become a focal point in marketing and artificial intelligence. While this strategy is recognized for fostering emotional connections and influencing consumer behavior, existing research presents mixed findings, often due to variations in individual traits and situational factors. This review aims to systematically analyze the evolution and impact of anthropomorphic design on consumer emotions. Through a synthesis of key studies, the review identifies gaps in the literature and explores the mechanisms through which anthropomorphic design shapes emotional responses. The findings reveal that anthropomorphic design generally enhances consumer engagement but its effectiveness is contingent upon contextual and individual differences. The review concludes by offering recommendations for optimizing anthropomorphic strategies in branding and product design, while suggesting avenues for future research to expand the theoretical framework in emerging fields such as AI and digital marketing.
Voices from the classroom: understanding students' perceptions of collaborative learning in computer-based spaces
Authors: Isiaq Sakirulai Olufemi , Usher Louise
Published: February 2025

This study explores postgraduate students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of collaborative learning within computer-based environments. The research investigates the distinctions between collaborative learning and group work, examining how students’ attitudes and behaviours differ, and the subsequent impact on learning outcomes. Findings reveal that students can clearly distinguish between these two approaches. While both involve peer interactions, group work predominantly fosters employability skills such as teamwork and goal achievement, whereas collaborative learning enhances individual knowledge construction. The study introduces the Effective Learning Triangle (ELT), comprising three key core components: Facilitator, Environment, and Learning. In collaborative learning contexts, the facilitator plays a pivotal role in designing sessions that align intended learning outcomes with the learning environment. For example, flexible computer-based spaces emerge as conducive environments for promoting collaborative learning, particularly in technical disciplines. This paper highlights the significance of tailored facilitation and adaptable environments in fostering meaningful student engagement.
Sound and vision: evaluating the student experience of audio-visual feedback in higher education
Authors: Gould Jill , Day Patricia
Published: February 2025

Technology enhanced feedback methods such as video feedback are increasingly employed with a notable shift towards embracing remote means of communication during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Greater use of distance and electronic learning can result in a lack of personalisation which students find challenging. Feedback which uses the spoken word has been found to be more personalised and supportive, helping to establish connection and engagement with students. Mixed methods were used to collate student views on written, audio, and audio-visual feedback with a focus on the evaluation of video feedback. Focus groups, questionnaires, and course evaluations across multiple cohorts of students showed a strong preference for video feedback as comparatively more detailed, personalised, and supportive than purely written or purely audio feedback. This study adds to insights into the impact of video feedback on learner confidence and its potential to enhance learning in higher education. Developing and deploying video feedback is proposed as a strategy to enrich student support, offer greater personalisation, improve feedback engagement, and optimise learning.