bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discrete time information diffusion in online social networks: micro and macro perspectives
Authors: Qi Jinshan , Liang Xun , Wang Yi , Cheng Hengchao
Published: August 2018

Opinions shared publicly in online social networks spread broadly and at an extremely high speed. However, modelling information diffusion in online social networks is still a challenge that is intriguing to many researchers. To monitor public opinions online, it is necessary to model the process of information dissemination. In this paper, we first study information diffusion based on the network structure and time occupation. By taking into consideration the availability of a user, e.g., his online or offline state, we present the discrete-time bi-probability independent cascade model. We next analyse the information diffusion from a macro perspective. A diffusion model is established by merging the interferences from other events and the cumulative effect that occurs over time. Finally, we observe the factors in online social networks that impact a message’s diffusion from a micro perspective and discuss more complex user behaviour and various types of interferences with their effects from a macro perspective. Experiments are conducted with real world data, and the experimental results justify our models.
Dynamics of fault motion and the origin of contrasting tectonic style between Earth and Venus
Authors: Karato Shun-ichiro , Barbot Sylvain
Published: August 2018

Plate tectonics is one mode of mantle convection that occurs when the surface layer (the lithosphere) is relatively weak. When plate tectonics operates on a terrestrial planet, substantial exchange of materials occurs between planetary interior and its surface. This is likely a key in maintaining the habitable environment on a planet. Therefore it is essential to understand under which conditions plate tectonics operates on a terrestrial planet. One of the puzzling observations in this context is the fact that plate tectonics occurs on Earth but not on Venus despite their similar size and composition. Factors such as the difference in water content or in grain-size have been invoked, but these models cannot easily explain the contrasting tectonic styles between Earth and Venus. We propose that strong dynamic weakening in friction is a key factor. Fast unstable fault motion is found in cool Earth, while slow and stable fault motion characterizes hot Venus, leading to substantial dynamic weakening on Earth but not on Venus. Consequently, the tectonic plates are weak on Earth allowing for their subduction, while the strong plates on Venus promote the stagnant lid regime of mantle convection.
Effects of polymorphic variation on the thermostability of heterogenous populations of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzymes in solution
Authors: Arendse Lauren B. , Blackburn Jonathan M.
Published: August 2018

The effect of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on cytochrome P450 (CYP450) drug metabolism is currently poorly understood due to the large number of polymorphisms, the diversity of potential substrates and the complexity of CYP450 function. Previously we carried out in silico studies to explore the effect of SNPs on CYP450 function, using in silico calculations to predict the effect of mutations on protein stability. Here we have determined the effect of eight CYP3A4 and seven CYP2C9 SNPs on the thermostability of proteins in solution to test these predictions. Thermostability assays revealed distinct CYP450 sub-populations with only 65–70% of wild-type CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 susceptible to rapid heat-induced P450 to P420 conversion. CYP3A4 mutations G56D, P218R, S222P, I223R, L373F and M445T and CYP2C9 mutations V76M, I359L and I359T were destabilising, increasing the proportion of protein sensitive to the rapid heat-induced P450 to P420 conversion and/or reducing the half-life of this conversion. CYP2C9 Q214L was the only stabilising mutation. These results corresponded well with the in silico protein stability calculations, confirming the value of these predictions and together suggest that the changes in thermostability result from destabilisation/stabilisation of the protein fold, changes in the haem-binding environment or effects on oligomer formation/conformation.
Selective targeting of KRAS oncogenic alleles by CRISPR/Cas9 inhibits proliferation of cancer cells
Authors: Lee Wookjae , Lee Joon Ho , Jun Soyeong , Lee Ji Hyun , Bang Duhee
Published: August 2018

Mutations within the KRAS oncogene are associated with the proliferation of various cancers. Therapeutic approaches for treating cancers with such mutations have focused on targeting the downstream protein effectors of KRAS. However, to date, no approved treatment has targeted the mutated KRAS oncogene directly. Presently, we used the selectivity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to directly target mutated KRAS alleles. We designed single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to target two specific single-nucleotide missense mutations on KRAS codon-12 located in the seed region adjacent to a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). Lentiviral transduction of Cas9 and the sgRNAs into cancer cells with respective KRAS mutations resulted in high frequency of indels in the seed region. Indel-associated disruption of the mutant KRAS alleles correlated with reduced viability of the cancer cells. The results indicate that CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing can potentially be used for the treatment of cancer patients, specifically those with oncogenic KRAS mutations.
Biochemical analyses reveal amino acid residues critical for cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of human Cdc14A phosphatase by cyclin-dependent kinase 1
Authors: Ovejero Sara , Ayala Patricia , Malumbres Marcos , Pimentel-Muiños Felipe X. , Bueno Avelino , Sacristán María P.
Published: August 2018

Cdc14 enzymes compose a family of highly conserved phosphatases that are present in a wide range of organisms, including yeast and humans, and that preferentially reverse the phosphorylation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (Cdk) substrates. The budding yeast Cdc14 orthologue has essential functions in the control of late mitosis and cytokinesis. In mammals, however, the two Cdc14 homologues, Cdc14A and Cdc14B, do not play a prominent role in controlling late mitotic events, suggesting that some Cdc14 functions are not conserved across species. Moreover, in yeast, Cdc14 is regulated by changes in its subcellular location and by phosphorylation events. In contrast, little is known about the regulation of human Cdc14 phosphatases. Here, we have studied how the human Cdc14A orthologue is regulated during the cell cycle. We found that Cdc14A is phosphorylated on Ser411, Ser453 and Ser549 by Cdk1 early in mitosis and becomes dephosphorylated during late mitotic stages. Interestingly, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that, unlike in yeast, Cdk1-mediated phosphorylation of human Cdc14A did not control its catalytic activity but likely modulated its interaction with other proteins in early mitosis. These findings point to differences in Cdk1-mediated mechanisms of regulation between human and yeast Cdc14 orthologues.
Assessment of the physicochemical properties and bacterial composition of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium-fermented Astragalus membranaceus using single molecule, real-time sequencing technology
Authors: Qiao Hongxing , Zhang Xiaojing , Shi Hongtao , Song Yuzhen , Bian Chuanzhou , Guo Aizhen
Published: August 2018

We investigated if fermentation with probiotic cultures could improve the production of health-promoting biological compounds in Astragalus membranaceus. We tested the probiotics Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium + Lactobacillus plantarum and applied PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (SMRT) to evaluate the quality of Astragalus fermentation. We found that the production rates of acetic acid, methylacetic acid, aethyl acetic acid and lactic acid using E. faecium + L. plantarum were 1866.24 mg/kg on day 15, 203.80 mg/kg on day 30, 996.04 mg/kg on day 15, and 3081.99 mg/kg on day 20, respectively. Other production rates were: polysaccharides, 9.43%, 8.51%, and 7.59% on day 10; saponins, 19.6912 mg/g, 21.6630 mg/g and 20.2084 mg/g on day 15; and flavonoids, 1.9032 mg/g, 2.0835 mg/g, and 1.7086 mg/g on day 20 using E. faecium, L. plantarum and E. faecium + L. plantarum, respectively. SMRT was used to analyze microbial composition, and we found that E. faecium and L. plantarum were the most prevalent species after fermentation for 3 days. E. faecium + L. plantarum gave more positive effects than single strains in the Astragalus solid state fermentation process. Our data demonstrated that the SMRT sequencing platform is applicable to quality assessment of Astragalus fermentation.
Monthly and annual temperature extremes and their changes on the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings during 1963–2015
Authors: Ding Jin , Cuo Lan , Zhang Yongxin , Zhu Fuxin
Published: August 2018

In this study, the spatiotemporal distributions of monthly and annual temperature minima (Tmin) and maxima (Tmax), extreme Tmin and Tmax, the highest (lowest) Tmin (Tmax), frost day (FD), icing day (ID), summer day (SD) and tropical night (TR) at 112 stations and over the ten large river basins on the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings (TPS) during 1963–2015 are examined. Mann-Kendall test is applied for the trends. The analyses show: the northwest experiences the hottest summer while the central TPS has the coldest winter and most frequent frost and icing days. The northwest (southeast) features the highest (lowest) monthly extreme temperature ranges. The northwest has the most frequent hot summer days, whereas the southeast has the least frequent frost and icing days. The entire TPS displays few tropical nights. Most stations show positive trends for all monthly and annual Tmin and Tmax variables. February displays the most positive trends for both monthly Tmin and Tmax variables while April shows the highest number of stations with decreasing trends in monthly Tmax. The trends of FD and ID are negative, whereas the trends of SU and TR are positive. Over river basins, the trends of monthly Tmin are all positive and statistically significant and the trends of monthly Tmax are all positive except for one negative trend and around 1/3 of the positive trends are statistically significant. Relatively larger increases in monthly Tmin and Tmax are noted for the cold season than the warm. The monthly and annual Tmin variables increase more than Tmax variables.
Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction
Authors: Kim Da Jung , Yoon Seonghae , Ji Sang Chun , Yang Jinho , Kim Yoon-Keun , Lee SeungHwan , Yu Kyung-Sang , Jang In-Jin , Chung Jae-Yong , Cho Joo-Youn
Published: August 2018

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a metabolic by-product of intestinal bacteria, showing hepatoprotective effects. However, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the action mechanisms underlying the protective effects of UDCA and vitamin E against liver dysfunction using metabolomics and metagenomic analysis. In this study, we analysed blood and urine samples from patients with obesity and liver dysfunction. Nine patients were randomly assigned to receive UDCA (300 mg twice daily), and 10 subjects received vitamin E (400 IU twice daily) for 8 weeks. UDCA significantly improved the liver function scores after 4 weeks of treatment and effectively reduced hepatic deoxycholic acid and serum microRNA-122 levels. To better understand its protective mechanism, a global metabolomics study was conducted, and we found that UDCA regulated uremic toxins (hippuric acid, p-cresol sulphate, and indole-derived metabolites), antioxidants (ascorbate sulphate and N-acetyl-L-cysteine), and the phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway. Furthermore, microbiome involvement, particularly of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, was demonstrated through metagenomic analysis of bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles. Meanwhile, vitamin E treatment did not result in such alterations, except that it reduced uremic toxins and liver dysfunction. Our findings suggested that both treatments were effective in improving liver function, albeit via different mechanisms.
Improving sample classification by harnessing the potential of 1H-NMR signal chemical shifts
Authors: Cañueto Daniel , Salek Reza M. , Correig Xavier , Cañellas Nicolau
Published: August 2018

NMR spectroscopy is a technology that is widely used in metabolomic studies. The information that these studies most commonly use from NMR spectra is the metabolite concentration. However, as well as concentration, pH and ionic strength information are also made available by the chemical shift of metabolite signals. This information is typically not used even though it can enhance sample discrimination, since many conditions show pH or ionic imbalance. Here, we demonstrate how chemical shift information can be used to improve the quality of the discrimination between case and control samples in three public datasets of different human matrices. In two of these datasets, chemical shift information helped to provide an AUROC value higher than 0.9 during sample classification. In the other dataset, the chemical shift also showed discriminant potential (AUROC 0.831). These results are consistent with the pH imbalance characteristic of the condition studied in the datasets. In addition, we show that this signal misalignment dependent on sample class can alter the results of fingerprinting approaches in the three datasets. Our results show that it is possible to use chemical shift information to enhance the diagnostic and predictive properties of NMR.
Automated in vitro evolution of a translation-coupled RNA replication system in a droplet flow reactor
Authors: Yoshiyama Tomoaki , Ichii Tetsuo , Yomo Tetsuya , Ichihashi Norikazu
Published: August 2018

Automation is a useful strategy to make laborious evolutionary experiments faster and easier. To date, several types of continuous flow reactors have been developed for the automated evolutionary experiments of viruses and bacteria. However, the development of a flow reactor applicable to compartmentalized in vitro self-replication systems is still a challenge. In this study, we demonstrate automated in vitro evolution of a translation-coupled RNA system in a droplet flow reactor for the first time. This reactor contains approximately 1010 micro-scale droplets (average diameter is approximately 0.8 μm), which continuously fuse and divide among each other at a controllable rate. In the droplets, an RNA (artificial genomic RNA) replicate through the translation of self-encoded RNA replicase with spontaneously appearing parasitic RNA. We performed two automated replication experiments for more than 400 hours with different mixing intensities. We found that several mutations displayed increased frequencies in the genomic RNA populations and the dominant RNA mutants acquired the ability to replicate faster or acquired resistance to the parasitic RNA, demonstrating that Darwinian evolution occurred during the long-term replication. The droplet flow reactor we developed can be a useful tool to perform in vitro evolutionary experiments of translation-coupled systems.
mKast is dispensable for normal development and sexual maturation of the male European honeybee
Authors: Kohno Hiroki , Kubo Takeo
Published: August 2018

The European honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) exhibits various social behaviors. The molecular and neural mechanisms underlying these behaviors have long been explored, but causal relations between genes or neurons and behaviors remain to be elucidated because effective gene manipulation methods in the honeybee have not been available until recently. We recently established a basic technology to produce mutant honeybee drones using CRISPR/Cas9. Here we produced mutant drones using CRISPR/Cas9 targeting mKast, which is preferentially expressed in a certain subtype of class I Kenyon cells that comprise the mushroom bodies in the honeybee brain. By immunoblot analysis, we showed that mKast protein expression was completely lost in the mutant drone heads. In addition, during the production process of homozygous mutant workers, we demonstrated that heterozygous mutant workers could be produced by artificial insemination of wild-type queens with the sperm of mutant drones, indicating that mKast mutant drones were sexually mature. These results demonstrate that mKast is dispensable for normal development and sexual maturation in drone honeybees, and allow us to proceed with the production of homozygous mutant workers for the analysis of a particular gene by gene knockout in the future.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma negatively regulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy via the HGF/c-Met/ERK1/2 pathways
Authors: Cheng Zhangjun , Liu Lei , Zhang Xue-Jun , Lu Miao , Wang Yang , Assfalg Volker , Laschinger Melanie , von Figura Guido , Sunami Yoshiaki , Michalski Christoph W. , Kleeff Jörg , Friess Helmut , Hartmann Daniel , Hüser Norbert
Published: August 2018

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor demonstrated to play an important role in various biological processes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PPARγ on liver regeneration upon partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice. Mice were subjected to two-thirds PH. Before surgery, mice were either treated with the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone, the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 alone, or with the c-met inhibitor SGX523. Liver-to-body-weight ratio, lab values, and proliferation markers were assessed. Components of the PPARγ-specific signaling pathway were identified by western blot and qRT-PCR. Our results show that liver regeneration is being inhibited by rosiglitazone and accelerated by GW9662. Inhibition of c-Met by SGX523 treatment abrogates GW9662-induced liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) protein levels were significantly downregulated after rosiglitazone treatment. Activation of HGF/c-Met pathways by phosphorylation of c-Met and ERK1/2 were inhibited in rosiglitazone-treated mice. In turn, blocking phosphorylation of c-Met significantly abrogated the augmented effect of GW9662 on liver regeneration. Our data support the concept that PPARγ abrogates liver growth and hepatocellular proliferation by inhibition of the HGF/c-Met/ERK1/2 pathways. These pathways may represent potential targets in response to liver disease and could impact on the development of molecular therapies.
Electrochemical detection of tocopherols in vegetable oils by supercritical fluid chromatography equipped with carbon fiber electrodes
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Kotani Akira , Hakamata Hideki
Published: August 2018

The oxidation current of tocopherol was obtained by a flow-through column electrolytic cell in supercritical carbon dioxide.
Efficient one-pot synthesis of carbon dots as a fluorescent probe for the selective and sensitive detection of rifampicin based on the inner filter effect
Authors: Han Zhu , Long Yuwei , Pan Shuang , Liu Hui , Yang Jidong , Hu Xiaoli
Published: August 2018

In this paper, carbon dots (CDs) emitting blue fluorescence were prepared using ammonium citrate and ammonium thiocyanate through a low-cost hydrothermal approach.
Injectable dynamic covalent hydrogels of boronic acid polymers cross-linked by bioactive plant-derived polyphenols
Authors: Huang Zhuojun , Delparastan Peyman , Burch Patrick , Cheng Jing , Cao Yi , Messersmith Phillip B.
Published: August 2018

Wisdom from nature: Plant-derived polyphenolic compounds can crosslink boronic acid functionalized polymers through formation of dynamic covalent bonds and function as both cross-linker and bioactive cargo.
Intracellular self-disassemble polysaccharide nanoassembly for multi-factors tumor drug resistance modulation of doxorubicin
Authors: Xiong Hui , Ni Jiang , Jiang Zhijie , Tian Fengchun , Zhou Jianping , Yao Jing
Published: August 2018

Drug efflux induced by multidrug resistance (MDR) overexpression, as well as secondary drug resistance caused by subtoxic drug microenvironments as a result of inefficient drug release of nanoscopic drug carriers in tumor cells, are major bottlenecks for chemotherapy.
2D nanomaterials: beyond graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Zhang Hua , Cheng Hui-Ming , Ye Peide
Published: August 2018

Guest Editors Hua Zhang, Hui-Ming Cheng and Peide Ye introduce the 2D nanomaterials: beyond graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides themed issue of Chemical Society Reviews.
Oxide perovskites, double perovskites and derivatives for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and photovoltaics
Authors: Yin Wan-Jian , Weng Baicheng , Ge Jie , Sun Qingde , Li Zhenzhu , Yan Yanfa
Published: August 2018

Oxide perovskites and their derivatives are attractive candidates for the diverse applications in renewable energy conversions due to their unique structural and compositional flexibility and high material stability.
Biofouling reduction in a MBR by the application of a lytic phage on a modified nanocomposite membrane
Authors: Ayyaru Sivasankaran , Choi Jeongdong , Ahn Young-Ho
Published: August 2018

Biological contamination of membranes is an unavoidable problem in membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems.
2-Aminobenzimidazoles as antibiofilm agents against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Authors: Huggins William M. , Vu Nguyen T. , Hahn Nicholas A. , Baker James T. , Kuo Laura G. , Kaur Darpan , Melander Roberta J. , Gunn John S. , Melander Christian
Published: August 2018

Serovars within the species Salmonella enterica are some of the most common food and water-borne pathogens worldwide.
Doping engineering and functionalization of two-dimensional metal chalcogenides
Authors: Luo Peng , Zhuge Fuwei , Zhang Qingfu , Chen Yuqian , Lv Liang , Huang Yu , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou
Published: August 2018

In this review, we present an in-depth discussion of the state-of-the-art doping engineering and functionalization of 2D metal chalcogenides for finely tuned material properties and functions in numerous application fields.
Systemic siRNA delivery to tumors by cell-penetrating α-helical polypeptide-based metastable nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yang , Song Ziyuan , Zheng Nan , Nagasaka Kenya , Yin Lichen , Cheng Jianjun
Published: August 2018

Metastable nanoparticles capable of tumor targeting, tumor penetration, and selective tumor cell internalization were developed based on membrane penetrating, helical polypeptide PVBLG-8 and anionic PLG, for the efficient encapsulation and delivery of EGFR siRNA.
An unprecedented water stable acylamide-functionalized metal–organic framework for highly efficient CH4/CO2 gas storage/separation and acid–base cooperative catalytic activity
Authors: Zheng Baishu , Luo Xin , Wang Zhaoxu , Zhang Shaowei , Yun Ruirui , Huang Lu , Zeng Wenjiang , Liu Wenlong
Published: August 2018

HNUST-8 exhibits water stable, efficient CH4/CO2 storage and separation, acid–base cooperative catalytic activity in a tandem deacetalization Knoevenagel densation.
A review of plasma-assisted catalytic conversion of gaseous carbon dioxide and methane into value-added platform chemicals and fuels
Authors: Puliyalil Harinarayanan , Lašič Jurković Damjan , Dasireddy Venkata D. B. C. , Likozar Blaž
Published: August 2018

The review focuses on the valorisation of two major greenhouse gases (methane and carbon dioxide) utilising different hybrid plasma reactors where valuable chemicals such as higher hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids,etc.are produced.
Modulating effect of selected pharmaceuticals on bone in female rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
Authors: Dobrzynski Maciej , Pezowicz Celina , Tomanik Magdalena , Kuropka Piotr , Dudek Krzysztof , Fita Katarzyna , Styczynska Marzena , Wiglusz Rafal J.
Published: August 2018

This paper discusses the problems regarding the influence of TCDD on the mechanical properties and structure of the bone tissue in female rats treated with the dioxin.
The pyrolysis behaviors of phosphorus-containing organosilicon compound modified ammonium polyphosphate with different phosphorus-containing groups, and their different flame-retardant mechanisms in polyurethane foam
Authors: Chen Yajun , Li Linshan , Qian Lijun
Published: August 2018

The centralized release of nonflammable gas and quick formation of crosslinked structure increase the flame retardant properties of polyurethane foams.
N2-selective alkylation of NH-1,2,3-triazoles with vinyl ethers via gold catalysis
Authors: Luo Guoli , Sun Chenyang , Li Yan , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Zhigang
Published: August 2018

A new method was developed to synthesize N2-alkyl-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles via gold catalyzed alkylation of vinyl ethers with mono- and unsubstituted NH-1,2,3-triazoles and benzotriazole.
Structural and spectral characterisation of Er3+ and Nd3+ doped Ga-La-S-Se glasses
Authors: Ravagli A. , Boetti N. G. , Guzman Cruz F. A. , Alzaidy G. A. , Pugliese D. , Milanese D. , Hewak D. W.
Published: August 2018

Spectral characterisation of Er3+ and Nd3+ doped novel GLS-Se glass showing strong green fluorescence.
Harzianumnones A and B: two hydroxyanthraquinones from the coral-derived fungusTrichoderma harzianum
Authors: Shi Ting , Hou Xue-Mei , Li Zhi-Yong , Cao Fei , Zhang Ya-Hui , Yu Jia-Yin , Zhao Dong-Lin , Shao Chang-Lun , Wang Chang-Yun
Published: August 2018

Two new hydroxyanthraquinones were isolated from the soft coral-derived fungusTrichoderma harzianum, which are the first examples of hydroanthraquinones fromT. harzianum.
Synthesis of zirconium modified FDU-12 by different methods and its application in dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization
Authors: Meng Qian , Du Peng , Wang Bo , Duan Aijun , Xu Chunming , Zhao Zhen , Liu Cong , Hu Di , Li Yuyang , Xiao Chengkun
Published: August 2018

Zirconium modified mesoporous materials were successfully synthesized by different methods including direct synthesis and post synthesis (grafting and impregnating).
Effect of additives, ball milling and isotopic exchange in porous magnesium borohydride
Authors: Heere Michael , Zavorotynska Olena , Deledda Stefano , Sørby Magnus H. , Book David , Steriotis Theodore , Hauback Bjørn C.
Published: August 2018

Specific surface area measurements (BET) of as received and ball milled samples showed the collapse of the porous network after milling, while a heat treated ball milled sample regained most of its porous γ-Mg(BH4)2 structure.
Preparation and application synthesis of magnetic nanocomposite using waste toner for the removal of Cr(vi)
Authors: Zhu Hong , Zhou Yucheng , Wang Shengsen , Wu Xiaoge , Hou Jianhua , Yin Weiqin , Feng Ke , Wang Xiaozhi , Yang Jie
Published: August 2018

A novel magnetic nanocomposite is prepared using waste toner via calcination in ammonia, which exhibits excellent magnetic properties and high efficiency for the removal of Cr(vi) via pH regulation using H2SO4.
AFM-thermoreflectance for simultaneous measurements of the topography and temperature
Authors: Rho Jinsung , Lim Mikyung , Lee Seung S. , Lee Bong Jae
Published: August 2018

We propose a novel form of AFM-based thermometry capable of sub-100 nm spatial resolution only with a conventional AFM setup by exploiting the thermoreflectance characteristic of the AFM Si probe.
Overcoming conservation in TALE–DNA interactions: a minimal repeat scaffold enables selective recognition of an oxidized 5-methylcytosine
Authors: Maurer Sara , Buchmuller Benjamin , Ehrt Christiane , Jasper Julia , Koch Oliver , Summerer Daniel
Published: August 2018

Transcription-activator-like effectors (TALEs) have been engineered to selectively recognize the epigenetic nucleobase 5-carboxylcytosine.
Photocatalytic Barbier reaction – visible-light induced allylation and benzylation of aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Berger Anna Lucia , Donabauer Karsten , König Burkhard
Published: August 2018

We report a photocatalytic version of the Barbier type reaction using readily available allyl or benzyl bromides and aromatic aldehydes or ketones as starting materials to generate allylic or benzylic alcohols.
Water-tolerant lithium metal cycling in high lithium concentration phosphonium-based ionic liquid electrolytes
Authors: Kerr Robert , Singh Nikhilendra , Arthur Timothy S. , Pathirana Thushan , Mizuno Fuminori , Takechi Kensuke , Forsyth Maria , Howlett Patrick C.
Published: August 2018

Cycling stability at high capacities and water-tolerance are two key properties for the operation of high-capacity lithium (Li) metal–air batteries.
Complex liquid crystal superstructures induced by periodic photo-alignment at top and bottom substrates
Authors: Nys Inge , Nersesyan Varsenik , Beeckman Jeroen , Neyts Kristiaan
Published: August 2018

Complex liquid crystal superstructures in a cell with non-uniform surface anchoring are studied experimentally and by simulations.
Rational design of Na(Li1/3Mn1/2Cr1/6)O2 exhibiting cation–anion-coupled redox reactions with superior electrochemical, thermodynamic, atomic, and chemomechanical properties for advanced sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kim Duho , Cho Maenghyo , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: August 2018

Based on a cation–anion-coupled redox paradigm, Na(Li1/3Mn1/2Cr1/6)O2 is systematically designed to use rational anion redox reactions (O2−/O−) for high energy density cathodes in sodium-ion batteries.
Two anthracene-based metal–organic frameworks for highly effective photodegradation and luminescent detection in water
Authors: Liu Xinyao , Liu Bing , Li Guanghua , Liu Yunling
Published: August 2018

Two anthracene-based MOFs (Eu-ADBA and In-ADBA) with fcu and acs topologies have been successfully designed and synthesized. Eu-ADBA displays highly efficient photodegradation of MB, RhB and TC in water. In-ADBA shows excellent detection towards nitrofurans (NFZ and NFT) and nitrophenols (TNP, 2,4-DNP and 4-NP) in water.
Polymeric coatings for applications in electrocatalytic and photoelectrosynthetic fuel production
Authors: Wadsworth B. L. , Khusnutdinova D. , Moore G. F.
Published: August 2018

Polymeric coatings provide opportunities to control matter and energy in complex environments, including applications in artificial photosynthesis and solar fuels.
Initiation and future prospects of colloidal metal halide double-perovskite nanocrystals: Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Ravi Vikash Kumar , Singhal Nancy , Nag Angshuman
Published: August 2018

Reviewing the present and future of “Green” metal halide double perovskite nanocrystals as potential optoelectronic materials.
Muscle-derived extracellular matrix on sinusoidal wavy surfaces synergistically promotes myogenic differentiation and maturation
Authors: Choi Yeong-Jin , Park Sung Jea , Yi Hee-Gyeong , Lee Hyungseok , Kim Dong Sung , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: August 2018

The consideration of both topographical and biochemical environmental cues is critical in the fabrication of functional engineered skeletal muscle.
Regulation of mesenchymal stem cell functions by micro–nano hybrid patterned surfaces
Authors: Yang Yingjun , Wang Xinlong , Huang Tsung-Chun , Hu Xiaohong , Kawazoe Naoki , Tsai Wei-Bor , Yang Yingnan , Chen Guoping
Published: August 2018

Regulation of cell alignment, elongation and differentiation of hMSCs by micro–nano hybrid patterns.
Facile synthesis of near-infrared emitting dBSA-templated Cu nanoclusters for sensitive detection of heparin
Authors: Wu Xiao-Man , Zhang Fei , Li Yan
Published: August 2018

The near-infrared emitting dBSA-Cu NCs were synthesized through a facile synthesis route and were applied for ultra-sensitive detection of heparin in human plasma.
Above-room-temperature switching of quadratic nonlinear optical properties in a Bi–halide organic–inorganic hybrid
Authors: Wu Zhenyue , Liu Xitao , Ji Chengmin , Li Lina , Wang Sasa , Sun Zhihua , Zhang Weichuan , Peng Yu , Luo Junhua
Published: August 2018

A lead-free Bi-based organic–inorganic hybrid shows attractive above-room-temperature NLO switching behaviors with a superior contrast of ∼35.
Highly robust and ultrasmooth copper nanowire electrode by one-step coating for organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Lian Lu , Wang Han , Dong Dan , He Gufeng
Published: August 2018

A highly smooth, conductive, and uniform transparent CuNW/chitosan composite electrode is fabricated via a one-step solution process in ambient air.
An overview of phosphorescent metallomesogens based on platinum and iridium
Authors: Wu Xiugang , Zhu Mengbing , Bruce Duncan W. , Zhu Weiguo , Wang Yafei
Published: August 2018

Metallomesogens – liquid crystals containing metal centers – have attracted much interest owing to their interesting magnetic and electro-optical properties. Due to the theoretical 100% internal quantum efficiency, here, a brief overview of recent research on platinum/iridium-based metallomesogens including their molecular design and structure-property relationships is reported.
Integrated strength and toughness in graphene/calcium alginate films for highly efficient electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Jia Li-Chuan , Sun Wen-Jin , Zhou Chang-Ge , Yan Ding-Xiang , Zhang Quan-Chao , Li Zhong-Ming
Published: August 2018

A strong and tough rGO/CA film with excellent EMI SE is realized.
Using phosphorescent PtAu3 clusters for superior solution-processable organic light emitting diodes with very small efficiency roll-off
Authors: Natarajan Nagarajan , Shi Lin-Xi , Xiao Hui , Wang Jin-Yun , Zhang Li-Yi , Zhang Xu , Chen Zhong-Ning
Published: August 2018

Tetraphosphine-supported PtAu3 cluster complexes display intense phosphorescence with quantum yields of over 90% in doped films. High-efficiency solution-processable OLEDs are successfully achieved with extremely small EQE roll-off at a practical brightness over 1000 cd m−2.
Complete modal chart of CDWG
Authors: Maity S. , Ghosal R. , Gangopadhyaya M. , Gupta B.
Published: August 2018

Literature survey shows that the modal chart for first 13 modes of cylindrical dielectric waveguide (CDWG) is incomplete. It is found that the 12th mode, i.e. mode has been missed out which exists between and modes. CDWG is reinvestigated here theoretically and the complete modal chart for first 15 modes is given here.
Handover performance analysis for managing D2D mobility in 5G cellular networks
Authors: Ouali Kaouthar , Kassar Meriem , Sethom Kaouthar
Published: August 2018

Device‐to‐device (D2D) communication is seen as an important emerging technology and a hot research area for (5th Generation) cellular networks that takes advantage of the physical proximity of communicating devices. However, its implementation faces some technical issues such as interference management, resource allocation, mobility management, security and so on. Recently, many research works have tried to deal with those problems. In this study, the authors focus on D2D mobility management issue and they give a comparative study on the existing techniques in cellular networks managing the mobile devices (MDs) connections and maintaining service continuity when moving between coverage areas. First, they describe the different D2D handover management techniques. Second, through analysing and categorising a wide range of the latest research works on Distributed Mobility Management, they select some approaches that could be suitable for D2D mobility management in 5G cellular networks. Finally, they mathematically analyse the handover performance of the selected solutions, and compare them and they conclude that Software Defined Networking based solution outperforms the others in terms of handover delay, packet loss, ping‐pong effect as well as the handover failure probability.
Deep‐learning based fault diagnosis using computer‐visualised power flow
Authors: Wang Songyan , Fan Shixiong , Chen Jianwen , Liu Xingwei , Hao Bowen , Yu Jilai
Published: August 2018

Changes in system topology, such as branch breaking and the loss of a generator or load, may profoundly influence the operation security of the power system. This study introduces a novel deep‐learning based fault diagnosis method using power flow to diagnose topology changes in the power system. Power flow samples with different system states and topologies are first computed numerically; then, they are transformed into computer‐visualised images. Using massive power‐flow image samples, a convolutional neural network that aims to identify the system state is trained. A feature‐map restriction technique is used to restructure the network. To enhance the robustness of the network, the random noise of branch flow is considered in the sample generation process. The results show that the proposed deep‐learning based method may diagnose system faults effectively.
Power management and operational planning of multiport HPCS for residential applications
Authors: Agrawal Alok , Gupta Rajesh
Published: August 2018

Renewable energy integration to the power grid has seen a tremendous rise in last few years. A novel hybrid AC and DC bus layout (i.e. medium‐voltage DC bus of 380 V and low‐voltage DC bus of 48 or 12 V DC) for the residential consumer premises has been proposed in this study. This would enable the consumer to directly connect DC loads to the system, without the need of an individual power conversion device. This study summarises the strategical operational modes of the proposed hybrid power conditioning system (HPCS) for multiple distributed energy resources (DER) integrated residential premises located within urban/rural area. Modified HPCS converter control strategy has been proposed, such that the system operation is efficient and self‐adaptive in both, grid forming (or, islanded) and feeding (or, grid connected) modes. System is configured by using a single power conditioning unit, capable of performing wide range of operations, such as, multiple DER interface, battery power management, grid power control and accessibility to AC and DC household loads at the desired voltage levels. Performance of the designed system has been tested via simulation and experimental studies.
Synchronised measurement devices for power systems with high penetration of inverter‐based renewable power generators
Authors: Liu Hao , Li Jue , Li Jiaxian , Tian Jiannan , Bi Tianshu , Martin Kenneth E. , Yang Qixun
Published: August 2018

The deployment of more and more power electronic devices results in the sub‐synchronous oscillation caused by sub/super‐synchronous harmonics associated with inverter‐based renewable power generators (IRPGs). New measurement devices are needed to monitor the operation states of renewable power generator (RPG) areas. In this study, a synchronised measurement device for power systems with high penetration of IRPGs (SMD‐R) is proposed and developed. Unlike traditional synchronised measurement devices, an SMD‐R is able to perform real‐time inter‐harmonics and fundamental phasor estimation that are reported by different data frames in different rates by being installed inside a wind turbine or an integration station of RPG. The integration of SMD‐R and the message format for inter‐harmonics are outlined. A spectrum line curve fitting based algorithm is proposed to estimate inter‐harmonics via a short data window. To track the dynamic process of RPG areas fast and precisely, an adaptive fundamental phasor algorithm based on phasor parameter behaviours identification is developed. The proposed SMD‐R is implemented in a CompactRIO of National Instruments. Experiment results verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed device.
Maximum eigenvalue‐based target detection for the K‐distributed clutter environment
Authors: Zhao Wenjing , Liu Chang , Liu Wenlong , Jin Minglu
Published: August 2018

Information geometry‐based matrix constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector is an efficient solution to target detection, especially for the K‐distributed clutter environment with respect to a small bunch of pulses. The main reason for the matrix CFAR detector to achieve better detection performance is covariance matrix captures the correlations between the data. However, most existing matrix CFAR detectors suffer from heavy computational complexity, which leads to a limitation in practical detection scenarios. Motivated by this, the authors utilise the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix to capture the correlation and propose an eigenvalue‐based detection method with lower computational complexity. Based on the Neyman–Pearson criterion, they first analyse the likelihood ratio test (LRT) in the eigenvalue domain and derive the relationship between the LRT test statistic and the maximum eigenvalue. To meet the practical requirement, they further design a totally blind scheme: the maximum eigenvalue‐based matrix CFAR detector. By employing the group invariant theory, they show that the proposed detector presents the CFAR property. In addition, the theoretical performance analysis is also provided. Simulation results based on the numerical experiment and real sea clutter data verify that the proposed method with a low computational complexity can achieve a better detection performance.
TheGaia-ESO Survey: impact of extra mixing on C and N abundances of giant stars
Authors: Lagarde N. , Reylé C. , Robin A. C. , Tautvaišienė G. , Drazdauskas A. , Mikolaitis Š. , Minkevičiūtė R. , Stonkutė E. , Chorniy Y. , Bagdonas V. , Miglio A. , Nasello G. , Gilmore G. , Randich S. , Bensby T. , Bragaglia A. , Flaccomio E. , Francois P. , Korn A. J. , Pancino E. , Smiljanic R. , Bayo A. , Carraro G. , Costado M. T. , Jiménez-Esteban F. , Jofré P. , Martell S. L. , Masseron T. , Monaco L. , Morbidelli L. , Sbordone L. , Sousa S. G. , Zaggia S.
Published: August 2018

Context. TheGaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey using FLAMES at the VLT has obtained high-resolution UVES spectra for a large number of giant stars, allowing a determination of the abundances of the key chemical elements carbon and nitrogen at their surface. The surface abundances of these chemical species are known to change in stars during their evolution on the red giant branch (RGB) after the first dredge-up episode, as a result of the extra mixing phenomena.

Aims. We investigate the effects of thermohaline mixing on C and N abundances using the first comparison between theGaia-ESO survey [C/N] determinations with simulations of the observed fields using a model of stellar population synthesis.

Methods. We explore the effects of thermohaline mixing on the chemical properties of giants through stellar evolutionary models computed with the stellar evolution code STAREVOL. We include these stellar evolution models in the Besançon Galaxy model to simulate the [C/N] distributions determined from the UVES spectra of theGaia-ESO survey and to compare them with the observations.

Results. Theoretical predictions including the effect of thermohaline mixing are in good agreement with the observations. However, the field stars in theGaia-ESO survey with C and N abundance measurements have a metallicity close to solar, where the efficiency of thermohaline mixing is not very large. The C and N abundances derived by theGaia-ESO survey in open and globular clusters clearly show the impact of thermohaline mixing at low metallicity, which explains the [C/N] value observed in lower mass and older giant stars. Using independent observations of carbon isotopic ratio in clump field stars and open clusters, we also confirm that thermohaline mixing should be taken into account to explain the behaviour of12C/13C as a function of stellar age.

Conclusions. Overall, the current model including thermohaline mixing is able to reproduce very well the C and N abundances over the whole metallicity range investigated by theGaia-ESO survey data.
An orbit determination algorithm for small satellites based on the magnitude of the earth magnetic field
Authors: Zagorski P. , Gallina A. , Rachucki J. , Moczala B. , Zietek S. , Uhl T.
Published: August 2018

Autonomous attitude determination systems based on simple measurements of vector quantities such as magnetic field and the Sun direction are commonly used in very small satellites. However, those systems always require knowledge of the satellite position. This information can be either propagated from orbital elements periodically uplinked from the ground station or measured onboard by dedicated global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The former solution sacrifices satellite autonomy while the latter requires additional sensors which may represent a significant part of mass, volume, and power budget in case of pico- or nanosatellites. Hence, it is thought that a system for onboard satellite position determination without resorting to GPS receivers would be useful. In this paper, a novel algorithm for determining the satellite orbit semimajor-axis is presented. The methods exploit only the magnitude of the Earth magnetic field recorded onboard by magnetometers. This represents the first step toward an extended algorithm that can determine all orbital elements of the satellite. The method is validated by numerical analysis and real magnetic field measurements.
Neural network adaptive control of wing-rock motion of aircraft model mounted on three-degree-of-freedom dynamic rig in wind tunnel
Authors: Ignatyev D. I.
Published: August 2018

High-angles-of-attack dynamics of aircraft are complicated with dangerous phenomena such as wing rock, stall, and spin. Autonomous dynamically scaled aircraft model mounted in three-degree-of-freedom (3DoF) dynamic rig is proposed for studying aircraft dynamics and prototyping of control laws in wind tunnel. Dynamics of the scaled aircraft model in 3DoF manoeuvre rig in wind tunnel is considered. The model limit-cycle oscillations are obtained at high angles of attack. A neural network (NN) adaptive control suppressing wing rock motion is designed. The wing rock suppression with the proposed control law is validated using nonlinear time-domain simulations.
Accurate predictor–corrector skip entry guidance for low lift-to-drag ratio spacecraft
Authors: Enmi Y. , Qian W. , He K. , Di D.
Published: August 2018

This paper develops numerical predictor–corrector skip en try guidance for vehicles with low lift-to-drag L/D ratio during the skip entry phase of a Moon return mission. The guidance method is composed of two parts: trajectory planning before entry and closed-loop gu idance during skip entry. The result of trajectory planning before entry is able to present an initial value for predictor–corrector algorithm in closed-loop guidance for fast convergence. The magnitude of bank angle, which is parameterized as a linear function of the range-to-go, is modulated to satisfy the downrange requirements. The sign of the bank ang le is determined by the bank-reversal logic. The predictor-corrector algorithm repeatedly applied onboard in each guidance cycle to realize closed-loop guidance in the skip entry phase. The effectivity of the proposed guidance is validated by simulations in nominal conditions, including skip entry, loft entry, and direct entry, as well as simulations in dispersion conditions considering the combination disturbance of the entry interface, the aerodynamic coefficients, the air density, and the mass of the vehicle.
A consistent estimator to the orthant-based tail value-at-risk
Authors: Beck Nicholas , Mailhot Mélina
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we address the estimation of multivariate value-at-risk (VaR) and tail value-at-risk (TVaR). We recall definitions for the bivariate lower and upper orthant VaR and bivariate lower and upper orthant TVaR, presented in Cossetteet al.[Eur. Actuar. J.3(2013) 321–357 orMethodol. Comput. Appl. Probab.(2014) 1–22]. Here, we present estimators for both these measures extended to an arbitrary dimensiond≥ 2 and establish the consistency of our estimator for the lower and upper orthant TVaR in any dimension. We demonstrate these results by providing numerical examples that compare our estimator to theoretical results for both simulated and real data.