bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed autonomous control system of the smart grid based on the turing pattern model
Authors: Ishida Takeshi
Published: October 2013

Renewable energy resources, which are generally unstable, affect the performance of electricity grids when they are fully connected. A distributed energy supply network system is expected to compensate for the anticipated performance problems. We have constructed a distributed autonomous system that controls batteries installed in each house. In this system, even if central control does not exist, electrical charging and discharging of the batteries are carried out for self‐organization. As a result, the grid stability is maintained in the local urban district. Our system is based on the Turing pattern model. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Direct Proof for a Lower Reactivity of Monomeric vs. Dimeric Oxidovanadium Complexes in Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Werncke C. Gunnar , Limberg Christian , Metzinger Ramona
Published: October 2013

Previous attempts to synthesize and isolate (thiobisphenolate) vanadium(V) dioxido complexes had always provided their dimers containing [O=V(μ‐O)2V=O]2+ cores, and these also dominate the solution reactivity. Hence, the behavior of their parent monomers, which represent the major species in solution, has remained uncertain. Herein we report the development of a synthetic route that allowed for the successful isolation, spectroscopic investigation, and structural characterization of the monomer PPh4[SLVO2] (3) [SL2– = 2′2‐thiobis(2, 4‐di‐tert‐butylphenolate)]. For this purpose PPh4[SLVOCl2] (1) had to be accessed first in order to convert it to the ethoxido compound PPh4[SLVO(OEt)2] (2), which is more prone to hydrolysis. Treatment of 2 with stoichiometric amounts of water followed by immediate cooling to –30 °C led to crystals of 3. After its dissolution NMR spectra were recorded that were identical with those obtained after dissolution of its dimer, thus confirming the monomer/dimer equilibrium postulated previously. The molecular structure of 3 revealed the absence of a V···S interaction, which, however, stabilizes its dimer, and thus suggested the employment of a bisphenolate ligand lacking a bridging sulfur atom to obtain an analogue, which does not undergo dimerization in solution. In EtL2– the sulfur atom is replaced by an ethylmethine unit and indeed the corresponding complex NBu4[EtLVO2] (4) proved to be stable as a monomer. Investigation of its potential as a catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 9‐fluorenol confirmed a much lower reactivity in comparison to dimeric complexes, which is discussed.
Analytical computation of multiple interference fits under elasto‐plastic deformations
Authors: Wachsmuth G. , Lätzer M. , Leidich E.
Published: October 2013

Multiple interference fits represent high friction‐stressed shaft‐hub connections. High surface pressures together with thin‐walled intermediate parts lead to high stresses and showing strong tendencies to plastic deformations. Cylindrical interference fits and their elasto‐plastic behaviour have been analysed in the literature. However, in the case of multiple interference fits, these methods are not applicable. In this paper, we derive a new calculation method for elasto‐plastically deformed multiple interference fits with hardening material. The analytical method is validated by the comparison of the determined stresses and displacements of several test cases with the solutions of corresponding axisymmetric finite element models.
Study of Formulation and Stability of Co‐surfactant Free Water‐in‐Olive Oil Nano‐ and Submicron Emulsions with Food Grade Non‐ionic Surfactants
Authors: Polychniatou Vasiliki , Tzia Constantina
Published: October 2013

Nanoemulsions are of great interest in food industry finding various food applications. However, oil‐in‐water (o/w) nanoemulsions have been intensively investigated, but there are few studies on w/o nanoemulsions. In the present work the preparation of nanoemulsions with olive oil using non‐ionic surfactants (Tween 20, 40, 60, 80, Span 20, 80) without the addition of a co‐surfactant was studied and their emulsion properties and stability were examined. The stable nanoemulsions were presented in ternary phase diagrams (oil–water‐surfactant) for each surfactant and the emulsifying ability of the efficient surfactants was determined. The nanoemulsions properties were evaluated in relationship to compositional components. From the results of this study it can be concluded that stable olive oil nanoemulsions without use of a co‐surfactant were obtained and moreover the most efficient type of emulsifier and its ratio of addition in the system were determined.
Mercury content as a new indicator of ocean stratification and primary productivity in Quaternary sediments off Bahama Bank in the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Kita Itsuro , Kojima Makoto , Hasegawa Hidenao , Chiyonobu Shun , Sato Tokiyuki
Published: October 2013

We report the first evidence of Hg content in marine sediments changing in connection with the climate-driven changes in ocean stratification during the Quaternary Period based on core samples from ODP Hole 1006A off Great Bahama Bank in the Caribbean Sea. The Hg content ranged from 5.9 to 60.7 ng/g with an average value of 33.1 ng/g during 350 and 1330 ka and changed inversely with δ18Oplanktonic values. The change in Hg content was positively correlated with total organic carbon (TOC) content, indicating connections between the δ15Norg and δ13Corg values of organic matter and the absolute abundance of a deep-dwelling calcareous nannoplankton (Florisphaera profunda). The marine Hg is thought to have been incorporated into the organic matter produced by deep-dwelling phytoplankton. Based on these results, we propose a mechanism by which marine Hg can collect in a thermocline formed in the stratified lower photic zone. Mercury content and nannoplankton assemblage in marine sediment provide information about the extent of stratification of the oceanic photic zone and the role of surface- and deep-dwelling phytoplankton in producing marine organic matter and changing its δ15Norg and δ13Corg values.
MIS 7 interglacial sea-surface temperature and salinity reconstructions from a southwestern subtropical Pacific coral
Authors: Asami Ryuji , Iryu Yasufumi , Hanawa Kimio , Miwa Takashi , Holden Peter , Shinjo Ryuichi , Paulay Gustav
Published: October 2013

We generated a 5.5-yr snapshot of biweekly-to-monthly resolved time series of carbon and oxygen isotope composition (δ13C and δ18O) and Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca from annually banded aragonite skeleton of a ~ 197 ka pristine Porites coral collected at Niue Island (19°00′S, 169°50′W) in the southwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean. This report is the first of a high-resolution coral-based paleoclimate archive during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7 interglacial. Statistical results suggest that annual averages of sea-surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) at ~ 197 ka were not significantly different from and ~ 1.2 higher than at present, respectively. Monthly mean variations showed increased SSS at ~ 197 ka that was higher (1.4–1.9 relative to today) in the austral summer than in the austral winter. Monthly SST and SSS anomalies at ~ 197 ka indicated smaller amplitudes by ~ 0.3°C (11%) and ~ 0.3 (24%) relative to the present, possibly suggesting less influence of interannual climate variability around Niue. Our results, taken together with other climate proxy records, imply seasonal and interannual modulation of thermal and hydrological conditions, different from today, in the southwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean associated with the Western Pacific Warm Pool and the South Pacific Convergence Zone variability during the MIS 7 interglacial.
PRICING AND SOLVENCY OF VALUE-MAXIMIZING LIFE ANNUITY PROVIDERS
Authors: Nirmalendran Maathumai , Sherris Michael , Hanewald Katja
Published: October 2013

This paper provides a detailed quantitative assessment of the impact of capital and default probability on product pricing and shareholder value for a life insurer providing life annuities. A multi-period cash flow model, allowing for stochastic mortality and asset returns, imperfectly elastic product demand, as well as frictional costs, is used to derive value-maximizing capital and pricing strategies for a range of one-year default probability levels reflecting differences in regulatory regimes including Solvency II. The model is calibrated using realistic assumptions. The sensitivity of results is assessed. The results show that value-maximizing life insurers should target higher solvency levels than the Solvency II regulatory one-year 99.5% probability under assumptions of reasonable levels of policyholder's aversion to insolvency risk. Even in the case of less restrictive solvency probabilities, policyholder price elasticity and solvency preferences are shown to be important factors for a life insurer's value-maximizing strategy.
The Discrepancy Method
Authors: Chazelle Bernard
Published: October 2013

The discrepancy method is the glue that binds randomness and complexity. It is the bridge between randomized computation and discrepancy theory, the area of mathematics concerned with irregularities in distributions. The discrepancy method has played a major role in complexity theory; in particular, it has caused a mini-revolution of sorts in computational geometry. This book tells the story of the discrepancy method in a few short independent vignettes. It is a varied tale which includes such topics as communication complexity, pseudo-randomness, rapidly mixing Markov chains, points on the sphere and modular forms, derandomization, convex hulls, Voronoi diagrams, linear programming and extensions, geometric sampling, VC-dimension theory, minimum spanning trees, linear circuit complexity, and multidimensional searching. The mathematical treatment is thorough and self-contained. In particular, background material in discrepancy theory is supplied as needed. Thus the book should appeal to students and researchers in computer science, operations research, pure and applied mathematics, and engineering.
Being Mobile
Authors: Webb William
Published: October 2013

Do you need to get up to speed quickly on the technologies and services that could transform the wireless world over the coming decade? Whether you work directly with wireless or in a sector where wireless solutions could be beneficial (e.g. healthcare, transport, sensor networks, location and smart metering), this concise guide provides a critical insight into future developments. For the first time, you will have a clear view of all the key technologies, including mesh networks, white space/cognitive devices, 4G/LTE and femtocells, and all the sectors or applications in which they could be used, with a comparison of the positives and negatives of each technology and sector area. You'll also see where the technologies required overlap and so could bring benefits across multiple areas, as well as how the key drivers of change in the past may impact on the future.
Parallel Scientific Computing in C++ and MPI
Authors: Karniadakis George Em , Kirby II Robert M.
Published: October 2013

Numerical algorithms, modern programming techniques, and parallel computing are often taught serially across different courses and different textbooks. The need to integrate concepts and tools usually comes only in employment or in research - after the courses are concluded - forcing the student to synthesise what is perceived to be three independent subfields into one. This book provides a seamless approach to stimulate the student simultaneously through the eyes of multiple disciplines, leading to enhanced understanding of scientific computing as a whole. The book includes both basic as well as advanced topics and places equal emphasis on the discretization of partial differential equations and on solvers. Some of the advanced topics include wavelets, high-order methods, non-symmetric systems, and parallelization of sparse systems. The material covered is suited to students from engineering, computer science, physics and mathematics.
Theorising Play in the Early Years
Authors: Fleer Marilyn
Published: October 2013

Theorising Play in the Early Years is a theoretical and empirical exploration of the concept of pedagogy and play in early childhood education. The book provides an in-depth examination of classical and contemporary theories of play, with a focus on post-developmental perspectives and Vygotskian theory. In this book, Marilyn Fleer draws on a range of cross-cultural research in order to challenge Western perspectives and to move beyond a universal view of the construct of play. Culture and context are central to the understanding of how play is valued, expressed and used as a pedagogical approach in early childhood education across the international community. Designed as a companion to the textbook Play in the Early Years, but also useful on its own, Theorising Play in the Early Years provides indispensable support to academics and TAFE lecturers in early childhood education in their course development and research.
Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics
Authors: Brennen Christopher Earls
Published: October 2013

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics deals with the fundamental physical processes of bubble dynamics and the phenomenon of cavitation. It is ideal for graduate students and research engineers and scientists, and a basic knowledge of fluid flow and heat transfer is assumed. The analytical methods presented are developed from basic principles. The book begins with a chapter on nucleation and describes both the theory and observations in flowing and non-flowing systems. Three chapters provide a systematic treatment of the dynamics and growth, collapse, or oscillation of individual bubbles in otherwise quiescent fluids. The following chapters summarise the motion of bubbles in liquids, describe some of the phenomena that occur in homogeneous bubbly flows, with emphasis on cloud cavitation, and summarise some of the experimental observations of cavitating flows. The last chapter provides a review of free streamline methods used to treat separated cavity flows with large attached cavities.
The New Muslims of Post-Conquest Iran
Authors: Savant Sarah Bowen
Published: October 2013

How do converts to a religion come to feel an attachment to it? The New Muslims of Post-Conquest Iran answers this important question for Iran by focusing on the role of memory and its revision and erasure in the ninth to eleventh centuries. During this period, the descendants of the Persian imperial, religious and historiographical traditions not only wrote themselves into starkly different early Arabic and Islamic accounts of the past but also systematically suppressed much knowledge about pre-Islamic history. The result was both a new 'Persian' ethnic identity and the pairing of Islam with other loyalties and affiliations, including family, locale and sect. This pioneering study examines revisions to memory in a wide range of cases, from Iran's imperial and administrative heritage to the Prophet Muhammad's stalwart Persian companion, Salman al-Farisi, and to memory of Iranian scholars, soldiers and rulers in the mid-seventh century.
The Seismic Analysis Code
Authors: Helffrich George , Wookey James , Bastow Ian
Published: October 2013

The Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) is one of the most widely used analysis packages for regional and teleseismic seismic data. For the first time, this book provides users at introductory and advanced levels with a complete guide to SAC. It leads new users of SAC through the steps of learning basic commands, describes the SAC processing philosophy, and presents its macro language in full, supported throughout with example inputs and outputs from SAC. For more experienced practitioners, the book describes SAC's many hidden features, including advanced graphics aspects, its file structure, how to write independent programs to access and create files, and much more. Tutorial exercises engage users with newly acquired skills, providing data and code to implement the standard methods of teleseismic shear-wave splitting and receiver function analysis. Methodical and authoritative, this is a key resource for researchers and graduate students in global seismology, earthquake seismology and geophysics.
Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings and Constitutional Change
Authors: Collins Paul M. , Ringhand Lori A.
Published: October 2013

Before Supreme Court nominees are allowed to take their place on the High Court, they must face a moment of democratic reckoning by appearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee. Despite the potential this holds for public input into the direction of legal change, the hearings are routinely derided as nothing but empty rituals and political grandstanding. In this book, Paul M. Collins and Lori A. Ringhand present a contrarian view that uses both empirical data and stories culled from more than seventy years of transcripts to demonstrate that the hearings are a democratic forum for the discussion and ratification of constitutional change. As such, they are one of the ways in which 'We the People' take ownership of the Constitution by examining the core constitutional values of those permitted to interpret it on our behalf.
The Emergence of Eternal Life
Authors: Hoye William J.
Published: October 2013

The question of whether life exists beyond death remains one of the most pertinent of our existence, and theologians continue to address what relevance the answer has for our life in the present. In this book, William J. Hoye uses the phenomenon of emergence - the way higher forms of existence arise from a collection of simpler interactions - as a framework for understanding and defending the concept of eternal life, showing how it 'emerges' from our present life, our human longing for fulfilment and happiness, and our striving for knowledge of reality. Hoye uses the work of Karl Rahner and Thomas Aquinas to explore questions concerning suffering, the ultimate relevance of morality, and how the fundamental idea of responsibility changes when viewed eschatologically. Contemporary reasons for denying an afterlife are examined critically and extensively. This book will be of great interest to those studying systematic theology, theological anthropology and Catholic theology.
Knowledge, Thought, and the Case for Dualism
Authors: Fumerton Richard
Published: October 2013

The relationship between mind and matter, mental states and physical states, has occupied the attention of philosophers for thousands of years. Richard Fumerton's primary concern is the knowledge argument for dualism - an argument that proceeds from the idea that we can know truths about our existence and our mental states without knowing any truths about the physical world. This view has come under relentless criticism, but here Fumerton makes a powerful case for its rehabilitation, demonstrating clearly the importance of its interconnections with a wide range of other controversies within philosophy. Fumerton analyzes philosophical views about the nature of thought and the relation of those views to arguments for dualism, and investigates the connection between a traditional form of foundationalism about knowledge, and a foundationalist view about thought that underlies traditional arguments for dualism. His book will be of great interest to those studying epistemology and the philosophy of mind.
The Primitivist Theory of Truth
Authors: Asay Jamin
Published: October 2013

Jamin Asay's book offers a fresh and daring perspective on the age-old question 'What is truth?', with a comprehensive articulation and defence of primitivism, the view that truth is a fundamental and indefinable concept. Often associated with Frege and the early Russell and Moore, primitivism has been largely absent from the larger conversation surrounding the nature of truth. Asay defends primitivism by drawing on a range of arguments from metaphysics, philosophy of language and philosophy of logic, and navigates between correspondence theory and deflationism by reviving analytic philosophy's first theory of truth. In its exploration of the role that truth plays in our cognitive and linguistic lives, The Primitivist Theory of Truth offers an account of not just the nature of truth, but the foundational role that truth plays in our conceptual scheme. It will be valuable for students and scholars of philosophy of language and of metaphysics.
A curve in the unstable foliation of an Anosov diffeomorphism with globally defined holonomy
Authors: KLEPTSYN VICTOR , KUDRYASHOV YURY
Published: October 2013

We construct a curve in the unstable foliation of an Anosov diffeomorphism such that the holonomy along this curve is defined on all of the corresponding stable leaves.
The recovery ethos: towards a shared understanding
Authors: McDaid S.
Published: October 2013

This article presents Mental Health Reform's perspective on the recovery ethos for mental health service delivery derived from Irish stakeholders’ perspectives. It arose out of a project to develop Mental Health Reform's agenda for advocacy to implement A Vision for Change. The article describes five core components of a recovery-orientated service: hope, listening, choice, partnership and social inclusion. The article also describes briefly how each component can be reflected in mental health service delivery. The recovery ethos can provide a way forward for service delivery within the current economic crisis and may be viewed as a tool for responding positively to the crisis rather than an additional burden.
A unified criterion for the centrifugal instabilities of vortices and swirling jets
Authors: Billant Paul , Gallaire François
Published: October 2013

Swirling jets and vortices can both be unstable to the centrifugal instability but with a different wavenumber selection: the most unstable perturbations for swirling jets in inviscid fluids have an infinite azimuthal wavenumber, whereas, for vortices, they are axisymmetric but with an infinite axial wavenumber. Accordingly, sufficient condition for instability in inviscid fluids have been derived asymptotically in the limits of large azimuthal wavenumber $m$ for swirling jets (Leibovich and Stewartson, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 126, 1983, pp. 335–356) and large dimensionless axial wavenumber $k$ for vortices (Billant and Gallaire, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 542, 2005, pp. 365–379). In this paper, we derive a unified criterion valid whatever the magnitude of the axial flow by performing an asymptotic analysis for large total wavenumber $ \sqrt{{k}^{2} + {m}^{2} } $. The new criterion recovers the criterion of Billant and Gallaire when the axial flow is small and the Leibovich and Stewartson criterion when the axial flow is finite and its profile sufficiently different from the angular velocity profile. When the latter condition is not satisfied, it is shown that the accuracy of the Leibovich and Stewartson asymptotics is strongly reduced. The unified criterion is validated by comparisons with numerical stability analyses of various classes of swirling jet profiles. In the case of the Batchelor vortex, it provides accurate predictions over a wider range of axial wavenumbers than the Leibovich–Stewartson criterion. The criterion shows also that a whole range of azimuthal wavenumbers are destabilized as soon as a small axial velocity component is present in a centrifugally unstable vortex.
Loperamide overdose-induced catatonia: potential role of brain opioid system and P-glycoprotein
Authors: Di Rosa Enrica , Di Rosa Antonio E.
Published: October 2013

Objective

Catatonic features are observed in several psychiatric illnesses but can also be found following substance misuse. Loperamide is an anti-diarrhoeal medication that acts on opioid receptors in the intestine, reducing peristalsis. It is normally unable to pass through the intestinal wall or the blood–brain barrier; however, high dosages can in fact induce the effects on the central nervous system.

Case report

We describe the case of a 20-year-old man who presented with severe catatonia following excessive intake of loperamide, fully remitted with lorazepam.

Conclusion

We speculate on a possible increase of loperamide's bioavailability after overdose owing to reduced expression and functioning of P-glycoprotein.
Governmental Interventions and Judicial Decision Making: The Supreme Court of Canada in the Age of the Charter
Authors: Radmilovic Vuk
Published: October 2013

Abstract.While comparative public law scholars report that we are witnessing a “global expansion of judicial power” (Tate and Vallinder, 1995), much of the comparative research also suggests that judicial power is subject to significant external constraints, including those associated with interests of governmental actors (such as Helmke, 2005; Vanberg, 2005). In Canada, however, the question of the extent to which governmental actors affect the Supreme Court of Canada's decision making in the wake of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms has not received systematic attention (but see Hennigar, 2010; Kelly, 2005). The paper analyzes the extent to which governmental mobilization through third-party intervention affects the Supreme Court's decision making. It relies on a dataset of all constitutional rights cases involving review of written laws decided by the Court in the post-charter period (1982–2007). It shows that third-party intervention is a powerful institutional mechanism providing governmental actors with an opportunity to systematically affect the exercise of judicial review.

Résumé.Alors que les chercheurs en droit public comparé affirment que nous assistons à une «expansion globale du pouvoir judiciaire» (Tate et Vallinder, 1995), la recherché comparative suggère également que le pouvoir judiciaire est soumis à de fortes contraintes extérieures, y compris celles associées aux intérêts des acteurs gouvernementaux (Helmke, 2005; Vanberg, 2005). Au Canada, cependant, la question de l'impact des acteurs gouvernementaux sur le processus de décision de la Cour Suprême, dans la foulée de l'adoption de la Charte, a reçu peu d'attention (à l'exception des travaux d'Hennigar 2010; Kelly, 2005). Cet article explore dans quelle mesure la mobilisation gouvernementale par l'entremise de l'intervention des tiers influence le processus de décision de la Cour Suprême. Il s'appuie sur une base de données des décisions liées aux droits constitutionnels dans la période de l'après-Charte (1982–1997) qui ont nécessité un examen de législations gouvernementales. Il démontre que l'intervention de tiers est un puissant mécanisme institutionnel permettant aux acteurs gouvernementaux de systématiquement influencer l'exercice du contrôle judiciaire.
Molecular and morphological characterization of the tapewormTaenia hydatigena(Pallas, 1766) in sheep from Iran
Authors: Rostami S. , Salavati R. , Beech R.N. , Babaei Z. , Sharbatkhori M. , Baneshi M.R. , Hajialilo E. , Shad H. , Harandi M.F.
Published: October 2013

AlthoughTaenia hydatigenais one of the most prevalent taeniid species of livestock, very little molecular genetic information exists for this parasite. Up to 100 sheep isolates ofT. hydatigenawere collected from 19 abattoirs located in the provinces of Tehran, Alborz and Kerman. A calibrated microscope was used to measure the larval rostellar hook lengths. Following DNA extraction, fragments of cytochromecoxidase 1 (CO1) and 12S rRNA genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction method and the amplicons were subjected to sequencing. The mean total length of large and small hooks was 203.4 μm and 135.9 μm, respectively. FortyCO1and 39 12S rRNA sequence haplotypes were obtained in the study. The levels of pairwise nucleotide variation between individual haplotypes of CO1 and 12S rRNA genes were determined to be between 0.3–3.4% and 0.2–2.1%, respectively. The overall nucleotide variation among all theCO1haplotypes was 9.7%, and for all the 12S rRNA haplotypes it was 10.1%. A significant difference was observed between rostellar hook morphometry and bothCO1and 12S rRNA sequence variability. A significantly high level of genetic variation was observed in the present study. The results showed that the 12S rRNA gene is more variable thanCO1.
State formation and the evolution of naval strategies in the Melaka Straits, c. 500–1500 CE
Authors: Heng Derek
Published: October 2013

The Strait of Melaka and connected waterways have been critical to, and directly affected, the formation of littoral states, societies and economies in eastern Sumatra, the Riau Islands, the Malay Peninsula, and Singapore. The history and nature of statehood in the region is interrelated to the way in which naval capabilities evolved, but, as argued in this article, perhaps not in the straightforward fashion often assumed. Naval capabilities and strategies evolved in tandem with state policy to adapt to changes in the wider Asian maritime political economy which was dominated at various times by China and India. This article examines the factors that affected maritime policy in the Melaka Straits c. 500 to 1500 CE, and the extent to which these furthered the viability of the mainly Malay port-polities, and in particular the regional hegemonic state of Srivijaya in eastern Sumatra. The study utilises textual records, epigraphic materials, and literature to reconstruct a more nuanced picture of maritime states and naval power in premodern Southeast Asia.
Student movements: Malaya as outlier in Southeast Asia
Authors: Gungwu Wang
Published: October 2013

For the past three decades, student movements in most countries in the world have been beaten back, but there are signs that some may be returning. In response to the Arab Spring, students participated fully in Tahrir Square and beyond. The student elections in Egypt that followed, however, seem to have been divided according to the various links that each student group had with the political groups contending for state power, like the Muslim Brotherhood and other Islamists on the one side, against secular and revolutionary groups on the other. It is not certain if the student elections really reflected the overall mood of the country or whether they were simply shaped by political protagonists outside the campuses.
DAVID BLAKE: FROM NOTE-ROWS TO MUSICAL NUMBERS
Authors: Conway Paul
Published: October 2013

This article is the most comprehensive survey to date of the output of David Blake. Although, for reasons of space, it cannot be all-inclusive, every effort has been made to reflect the breadth and depth of a corpus the scale and diversity of which demands attention. In order to chart effectively the composer's development and illustrate how his achievement in one particular medium has impacted upon contemporary and subsequent works in other fields, a broadly chronological approach has been adopted.
VARÈSE'S DRUM: THE TAROLE IN ‘IONISATION’
Authors: Holder Brian
Published: October 2013

Edgard Varèse's Ionisation was a groundbreaking composition that presented unique ideas and problems concerning percussion orchestration. This article examines correspondence between Varèse and Nicolas Slonimsky about the tarole – a snare drum used in the work. In one letter Varèse sketched this instrument in order to show its relationship with a more common orchestral snare drum of the period. This information provides insight into performance practice and the orchestral conception of the work.
St Petersburg, Shostakovich Hall: Gabriel Prokofiev's Cello Concerto
Authors: Dixon Gavin
Published: October 2013

When Gabriel Prokofiev first came to prominence in the UK, comparisons were inevitably made with his famous grandfather. Gabriel has since forged a distinctive musical identity for himself, making the shared name all but irrelevant. But in Russia that name carries even greater significance, so it was little surprise that the world première of Gabriel's Cello Concerto in Saint Petersburg, on 18 May, was in a concert that included at least two Prokofievs. In fact, a third Prokofiev was also featured, as the event began with poetry by Oleg: Gabriel's father and Sergei's son.
London, Spitalfields Summer Festival: Nicola LeFanu's A Phoenix for Carla
Authors: Barlow Jill
Published: October 2013

Nicola LeFanu, prominent among Britain's woman composers, noted both for her strong lyrical style and her exploration of the use of microtonality, employed all these skills in abundance in the world première of her new piece A Phoenix for Carla at this year's Spitalfields Summer Festival. I was attracted to this work due to its being billed as portraying a theme connected with the London Riots of 2011, which lends itself to drama as well as an examination of underlying sociological factors. However, leaving aside these wider considerations, the piece was in fact a microcosm, devoted to a highly sensitive expression of empathy for the plight of flautist Carla Rees, whose Croydon Flat had been entirely destroyed by fire along with all her possessions in the August 2011 riots, it being in close proximity to the tragic burning down of the 144-year old House of Reeves furniture shop much displayed on our TV News channels at the time. Carla lost at least 10 flutes, including two Kingma Alto flutes specially made for her in the Netherlands on which she had based her international contemporary music career as leader of the digital acoustic Ensemble Rarescale, centred on bringing new music for Alto Flute to a wider audience. When interviewed in The Independent nearly a year later Carla commented on the aftermath: ‘I have good days and bad days, keeping going is the main thing. I'm really trying to focus on the positive but there's a deep sense of hurt in the middle of me which doesn't go away. An experience like this is like a reset button on your entire life’.
Les ‘Agoras de Dieux’ En Grèce
Authors: Picard CH.
Published: October 2013

Les remarques ici présentées ne touchent qu'indirectement aux domaines où M. A. J. B. Wace est spécialiste et maître; qu'il veuille bien, pourtant, les agréer, en souvenir de notre longue et amicale communauté de travail dans l'Orient héllénique: ἐν εἰρήνῃ καὶ ἐμ πολέμῳ

En suivant récemment les études consacrées aux problèmes des agoras grecques, études qui n'ont pas cessé d'être nombreuses et intéressantes—je pense ici, par exemple, aux observations faites encore en 1949–1950, par R. E. Wycherley, en Angleterre, par R. Martin, en France1—je n'ai pas pu éviter l'impression d'une part peut-être trop insuffisante accordée à certaines découvertes, qui ont montré, il y a peu, l'importance des primitives ἀγοραὶθεῶν celles-ci ont été le modèle divin offert, je crois, dès la période archaïque, aux futures agoras humaines; les agoras humaines ne se sont constituées et organisées indépendamment qu'à une date relativement plus basse.
Semantic sides of three-dimensional space representation
Authors: Badets Arnaud
Published: October 2013

In this commentary, I propose that horizontal and vertical dimensions of space are represented together inside a common metrics mechanism located in the parietal cortex. Importantly, this network is also involved in the processing of number magnitudes and environment-directed actions. Altogether, the evidence suggests that different magnitude dimensions could be intertwined with the horizontality and verticality of our world representation.
Applying the bicoded spatial model to nonhuman primates in an arboreal multilayer environment
Authors: Howard Allison M. , Fragaszy Dorothy M.
Published: October 2013

Applying the framework proposed by Jeffery et al. to nonhuman primates moving in multilayer arboreal and terrestrial environments, we see that these animals must generate a mosaic of many bicoded spaces in order to move efficiently and safely through their habitat. Terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology and three-dimensional modelling of canopy movement may permit testing of Jeffery et al.'s framework in natural environments.
The complex interplay between three-dimensional egocentric and allocentric spatial representation
Authors: Kaplan David M.
Published: October 2013

Jeffery et al. characterize the egocentric/allocentric distinction as discrete. But paradoxically, much of the neural and behavioral evidence they adduce undermines a discrete distinction. More strikingly, their positive proposal – the bicoded map hypothesis – reflects a more complex interplay between egocentric and allocentric coding than they acknowledge. Properly interpreted, their proposal about three-dimensional spatial representation contributes to recent work on embodied cognition.
The planar mosaic fails to account for spatially directed action
Authors: Klatzky Roberta L. , Giudice Nicholas A.
Published: October 2013

Humans' spatial representations enable navigation and reaching to targets above the ground plane, even without direct perceptual support. Such abilities are inconsistent with an impoverished representation of the third dimension. Features that differentiate humans from most terrestrial animals, including raised eye height and arms dedicated to manipulation rather than locomotion, have led to robust metric representations of volumetric space.
Which animal model for understanding human navigation in a three-dimensional world?
Authors: Orban Guy A.
Published: October 2013

Single-cell studies of monkey posterior parietal cortex (PPC) have revealed the extensive neuronal representations of three-dimensional subject motion and three-dimensional layout of the environment. I propose that navigational planning integrates this PPC information, including gravity signals, with horizontal-plane based information provided by the hippocampal formation, modified in primates by expansion of the ventral stream.
Augmented topological maps for three-dimensional navigation
Authors: Peremans Herbert , Vanderelst Dieter
Published: October 2013

We describe an augmented topological map as an alternative for the proposed bicoded map. Inverting causality, the special nature of the vertical dimension is then no longer fixed a priori and the cause of specific navigation behavior, but a consequence of the combination of the specific geometry of the experimental environment and the motor capabilities of the experimental animals.
Vertical and veridical – 2.5-dimensional visual and vestibular navigation
Authors: Powers David M. W.
Published: October 2013

Does the psychological and neurological evidence concerning three-dimensional localization and navigation fly in the face of optimality? This commentary brings a computational and robotic engineering perspective to the question of “optimality” and argues that a multicoding manifold model is more efficient in several senses, and is also likely to extend to “volume-travelling” animals, including birds or fish.
Dynamic 3D modeling and simulation of nanoparticles manipulation using an AFM nanorobot
Authors: Korayem M. H. , Hoshiar A. K.
Published: October 2013

Due to the growing use of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) nanorobots in the moving and manipulation of cylindrical nanoparticles (carbon nanotubes and nanowires) and the fact that these processes cannot be simultaneously observed, a computer simulation of the involved forces for the purpose of predicting the outcome of the process becomes highly important. So far, no dynamic 3D model that shows changes in these forces in the course of process implementation has been presented. An algorithm is used in this paper to show in 3D, the manner by which the dynamic forces vary in the mentioned process. The presented model can simulate the forces exerted on the probe tip during the manipulation process in three directions. Because of the nonlinearity of the presented dynamic model, the effective parameters have been also studied. To evaluate the results, the parameters of the 3D case (cylindrical model) are gradually reduced and it is transformed into a 2D model (disk model); and we can observe a good agreement between the results of the two simulations. Next, the simulation results are compared with the experimental results, indicating changes in lateral force. With the help of the offered dynamic model, the cantilever deformation and the forces interacting between probe tip and particle can be determined from the moment the probe tip contacts the nanoparticle to when the nanoparticle dislodges from the substrate surface.
Achromatic luminance contrast sensitivity in X-linked color-deficient observers: An addition to the debate
Authors: JANÁKY MÁRTA , BORBÉLY JUDIT , BENEDEK GYÖRGY , KOCSIS BALÁZS PÉTER , BRAUNITZER GÁBOR
Published: October 2013

It is a matter of debate whether X-linked dichromacy is accompanied by enhanced achromatic processing. In the present study, we used sinusoidally modulated achromatic gratings under photopic conditions to compare the contrast sensitivity (CS) of protanopes, deuteranopes, and normal trichromats. 36 male volunteers were examined. CS was tested in static and dynamic conditions at nine different spatial frequencies. The results support the assumption that X-linked color-defective observers are at an advantage in terms of achromatic processing. Both protanopes and deuteranopes had significantly better CS than controls in both the static and the dynamic conditions. In the static condition, the advantage was observed especially at higher spatial frequencies, whereas in the dynamic condition, it was seen also at lower frequencies. The results are interpreted in terms of decreased chromatic modulation of the luminance channel and the early plasticity of the parvocellular system.
Section 5. Pyrethroid and endosulfan resistance: biology of resistant and susceptible larvae and pupae
Authors: Forrester Neil W. , Cahill Matthew , Bird Lisa J. , Layland Jacquelyn K.
Published: October 2013

Both pyrethroid and endosulfan resistant Helicoverpa armigera larvae were shown to have marginally longer development times. Pyrethroid resistant larvae were slower developers often requiring an extra moult before ultimately pupating to the same size pupa as susceptibles. There were no differences between pyrethroid resistant and susceptible pupal development times (male or female). Laboratory and field competition studies could demonstrate no selective advantage for either pyrethroid resistant or susceptible larvae or prepupae. Thus it would seem that the slightly longer larval development times do not manifest as significant biological deficits. This helps explain the gradually deteriorating pyrethroid resistance situation documented during evaluation of the Australian insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategy. There was no evidence of the selection of fitness modifiers (co-adaptation) to overcome the slower development of either pyrethroid or endosulfan resistant larvae. Endosulfan fitness disadvantages were not sufficiently researched in this study to discount the possibility of a fitness deficit contributing to the much more successful management of endosulfan resistance.
TheBactrocera dorsaliscomplex of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Asia
Authors: Drew R.A.I. , Hancock D.L.
Published: October 2013

Fifty-two species are placed in theBactrocera dorsaliscomplex in Asia, eight of which are considered of economic importance. Twelve species are revised and the following forty new species described:Bactrocera atrifemur, B. bimaculata, B. carambolae, B. cibodasae, B. collita, B. floresiae, B. fulvifemur, B. fuscitibia, B. gombokensis, B. indonesiae, B. infulata, B. irvingiae, B. kanchanaburi, B. kandiensis, B. kinabalu, B. lateritaenia, B. latilineola, B. lombokensis, B. makilingensis, B. malaysiensis, B. melastomatos, B. merapiensis, B. minuscula, B. neocognata, B. neopropinqua, B. osbeckiae, B. papayae, B. penecognata, B. philippinensis, B. pyrifoliae, B. quasipropinqua, B. raiensis, B. sembaliensis, B. sulawesiae, B. sumbawaensis, B. thailandica, B. unimacula, B. usitata, B. verbascifoliaeandB. vishnu. A key to species within the complex is presented. Information is given on location of type specimens, host-plants, attractant records and geographic distribution. Lectotypes are designated forB. dorsalis(Hendel),B. mangiferae(Cotes) (a synonym ofB. zonata(Saunders)) andB. pedestris(Bezzi).
Retreat from multiculturalism: community cohesion, civic integration and the disciplinary politics of gender
Authors: Mullally Siobhán
Published: October 2013

The intersections of gender, religion and migration status have attracted only limited commentary to date. The significance of migration status as a marker of gender inequality, and one that further increases the burden of intersecting axes of discrimination, requires further scrutiny. This article examines the rise of civic integration requirements within the European Union and the significance of this rise for religious freedoms and complex ideals of gender equality. Particular attention is given to recent developments in the UK and France in the context of wider debates on immigration and integration policies. Against the background of diminishing sovereignty and the expansion of rights to non-citizens, states are rethinking the significance of citizenship and migration status and the criteria to be applied in determining membership and access to the nation-state. The adoption in France of the Charte des Droits et des Devoirs du Citoyen Français marks a further step in the expansion of integration conditions imposed by states, and signals a continuing willingness to deploy juridical forms to enforce such conditions. Of particular concern to this Special Issue are the implications of civic integration requirements for migrant religious women and for feminist engagement with migration laws and the discourse of rights.
Loss mitigation in plasmonic solar cells: aluminium nanoparticles for broadband photocurrent enhancements in GaAs photodiodes
Authors: Hylton N. P. , Li X. F. , Giannini V. , Lee K. -H. , Ekins-Daukes N. J. , Loo J. , Vercruysse D. , Van Dorpe P. , Sodabanlu H. , Sugiyama M. , Maier S. A.
Published: October 2013

We illustrate the important trade-off between far-field scattering effects, which have the potential to provide increased optical path length over broad bands and parasitic absorption due to the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances in metal nanoparticle arrays. Via detailed comparison of photocurrent enhancements given by Au, Ag and Al nanostructures on thin-film GaAs devices we reveal that parasitic losses can be mitigated through a careful choice of scattering medium. Absorption at the plasmon resonance in Au and Ag structures occurs in the visible spectrum, impairing device performance. In contrast, exploiting Al nanoparticle arrays results in a blue shift of the resonance, enabling the first demonstration of truly broadband plasmon enhanced photocurrent and a 22% integrated efficiency enhancement.
New ladder operators for a rational extension of the harmonic oscillator and superintegrability of some two-dimensional systems
Authors: Marquette Ian , Quesne Christiane
Published: October 2013

New ladder operators are constructed for a rational extension of the harmonic oscillator associated with type III Hermite exceptional orthogonal polynomials and characterized by an even integer m. The eigenstates of the Hamiltonian separate into m + 1 infinite-dimensional unitary irreducible representations of the corresponding polynomial Heisenberg algebra. These ladder operators are used to construct a higher-order integral of motion for two superintegrable two-dimensional systems separable in cartesian coordinates. The polynomial algebras of such systems provide for the first time an algebraic derivation of the whole spectrum through their finite-dimensional unitary irreducible representations.