bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the long-term impact of COVID-19: incidence and factors associated with insomnia in recovered patients
Authors: Phal Nidhi Bharat , Savith Akshatha , Meah Ameena
Published: October 2023

Background: COVID-19's recognition as a multi-organ disease with diverse manifestations extends beyond acute illness into post-recovery phases. Post-COVID-19 infection, individuals often endure a spectrum of psychiatric symptoms, notably including persistent insomnia. This study aimed to investigate insomnia's correlation with age, gender, comorbidity, infection severity, and biomarkers during hospitalization.
Methods: This study employed a prospective design to explore the correlation between insomnia and various factors in COVID-19 survivors. Data were collected over a one-year period, with an emphasis on age, gender, comorbidity, infection severity, and biomarkers.
Results: The incidence of insomnia among patients was approximately 7%. Notably, no significant statistical correlation emerged between insomnia and COVID-19 infection severity. Furthermore, insomnia prevalence remained unaffected by demographic factors such as gender, age, or comorbidity.
Conclusions: The lasting impact of COVID-19 on mental health, particularly in terms of persistent insomnia, underscores the necessity for targeted interventions. Identifying factors contributing to insomnia among survivors holds paramount importance for developing effective management strategies that bolster overall well-being and quality of life. Recognizing and addressing insomnia as a significant long-term consequence of COVID-19 becomes imperative, as implementing appropriate interventions and support services can mitigate detrimental effects on mental and physical health. Ultimately, this contributes to improved outcomes and an enhanced quality of life for survivors.
Non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma requiring radical nephrectomy-case report with review of literature
Authors: Karthik Abishek H. , A. R. Bhaskarapprakash , R. Radhakrishnan , B. Natarajan , V. Selvaraj
Published: October 2023

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is rare malignancy of the adrenal gland and is the second most aggressive endocrine malignant disease after anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. These tumours can be detected very late as majority are non-functional, i.e., does not secrete any hormones, and only present with vague symptoms. Surgical management of such tumours can be challenging as it can invade the surrounding structures making it very difficult for resection. This is a case of a 61-year male with a large non-functioning adrenal tumour which appeared to be separate from the kidney in the radiological imaging but was found stuck to the renal parenchyma posing a dilemma for the operating team.
Disseminated tuberculosis presenting as chronic pancreatitis, a rare case report
Authors: Thakkar Nihar R. , Beedkar Anant N. , Gowda Varun R. , Patil Supriya S.
Published: October 2023

Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) refers to concurrent involvement of at least two non-contiguous organ sites of the body, or involvement of the blood or bone marrow by tuberculosis process. Pancreatic TB is a rare manifestation of such a common disease possibly due to protective pancreatic enzymes. We described a case report of a patient who presented with chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic pseudocyst with empyema of left lung which intraoperatively was a psoas abscess which was managed by drainage of the abscess and Intercostal tube placement and thoracoscopic drainage of empyema and its adhesiolysis. Histopathology revealed tuberculous granulation tissue of psoas muscle biopsy and in thoracoscopic scrapings. Patient became symptomless since the surgery and initiation of anti-tubercular therapy.
A scoping review of spine surgeries between specialties: comparing neurosurgeons versus orthopedic surgeons
Authors: Trinidad Leo E. , Orata Rhoby U.
Published: October 2023

Spine surgeries are both performed by neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons. However, there remains controversy whether surgeon specialty affects spine surgery outcomes and complications. The objective of this scoping review was to map the existing knowledge comparing the outcomes and complications of spine surgeries between neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons. Eligible studies are any English-written or -translated published journals written from year 2000 onwards that compared outcomes and/or complications of spine surgeries between neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons. Excluded papers are those which do not dichotomize or specify the surgeon specialty to either neurosurgeon or orthopedic surgeon. Medline database was used to systematically search for papers that compare the two specialties. Ten studies were selected which directly compared spine surgery outcomes of the two specialties, all of which are retrospective studies and most of it relied on the national database. Specific spine surgeries were varied between all studies. Overwhelmingly, these studies showed no significant differences between neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons in short term outcomes while there were some significant differences in complications. Based on this scoping study, surgeon specialty, whether neurosurgery or orthopedics, has no significant association in spine surgery outcomes. This may imply that despite the differences in training, patients may have good outcomes if treated by either specialty. However, questions remain whether the effect of further training after residency or fellowship, length of experience and number of cases of both surgeon specialties have a causal effect in outcomes of spine surgeries.
Assessment of the management and outcome of neutropenia in paediatric haemato-oncology inpatients at Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: Amadi Beatrice K. , Limungi Godfrey M. , Kezia Eunice M. , Khisa Abel O.
Published: October 2023

Background: Neutropenia is a common complication among the haemato-oncology pediatric patients. Children who develop such complications are prone to bacterial infections which further predispose them to death. This study aimed at improving the practice of management of neutropenia in children with the view of reducing pediatric haemato-oncology mortality.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of paediatric haemato-oncology inpatients aged 13 years and below, who developed neutropenia during treatment at Kenyatta National Hospital.  A data abstraction form was used to collect data from 113 medical records of patients admitted between 1st January 2020 and 31st December 2020. Data were analyzed using R to obtain descriptive and inferential statistics using a 95% confidence interval.
Results: Boys constituted most of the cases assessed. The median (IQR) age at admission was 6 (4, 10) years. Leukaemias were more common than lymphomas. Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (59%) and Hodgkin’s lymphoma (4%) were the most and least frequently diagnosed haemato-oncology cancers. Most patients were diagnosed during the induction stage, 47 (42%) and had febrile neutropenia 59 (52%). Vaccination and bone marrow suppression histories were poorly documented. Thirty-three (29%) patients were reported to have succumbed during their treatment. G-CSF prescription was statistically significantly associated (p=0.045) with the survival status (death or alive) of patients, particularly at the induction stage (p=0.007).
Conclusions: Neutropenia management in KNH is done as per protocol, with room to improve on history taking. Although 29% of the children succumbed within the course of treatment, the majority (71%) of the patients were discharged.
Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene practices among elderly people: a descriptive cross-sectional study from Nepal
Authors: Yadav Sunny K. , Bist Amrit
Published: October 2023

Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral diseases of public health concern affecting elder people. The main reasons for caries arise in elderly people are increase in sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, microbial plaque, periodontal disease, dietary habits, low socioeconomic status and infrequent dental visits. The oral hygiene is essential to general health and quality of life.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 246 elder people. Systematic random sampling was used for data collection. The data collection was done between 15 April to 07 May 2017.
Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries in study population was 88.57%. The mean DMFT of all study participants was 17.13 (SD=10.48; participants were allocated a DMFT of 32). Majority of elder people (56.33%) had experience of pain and discomfort in their teeth within 12 months. The gender, marital status, diet, socio-economic status, medication, method of cleaning, frequency of cleaning, dental visit and tobacco chewing were factors that determines dental caries. Regular dental checkup (11%) was very poor. Majority of respondents preferred tea with sugar, biscuits/cake, chocolate and soft drinks (64%).
Conclusions: The study showed that the prevalence of dental caries among elderly people in Rajdevi Rural Municipality, Rautahat District, Nepal was high. The awareness should be provided to local residents regarding the importance of good brushing habits and regular dental visits. Oral health policies are needed revised and implemented focusing on the special needs of this population to improve their quality of life.
The effect of cyriax soft tissue release and myofascial release on pain pressure threshold, flexibility and muscle length in idiopathic adhesive capsulitis- a comparative study
Authors: Makwana Ami , Mishra Neeti
Published: October 2023

Background: Adhesive capsulitis has been reported to affect 2-5% of the general population and up to 11-30% of subjects with diabetes and thyroid disease. Both myofascial release technique and cyriax soft tissue release technique are effective in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Aims and objective were to assess the effect of cyriax soft tissue release and myofascial release on pain pressure threshold, flexibility and muscle length in idiopathic adhesive capsulitis - a comparative study.
Methods: In the present comparative study, total forty-eight (48) patients with Adhesive capsulitis with age between 40-60 years were included. They were randomly divided into two groups: group-A (n=24) and group-B (n=24). Both group received conventional treatment, in addition group-A received myofascial release technique and group-B received cyriax soft tissue release technique. Patients were evaluated pre-intervention (0 week) and post-intervention (4 week) for pressure pain threshold (by means of algometer), for muscle length (by means of   measure tape) and for shoulder flexibility (by means of measure tape).
Results: Result showed that there was statistically significant difference between MFR group and cyriax group in mean difference of PPT, muscle length and Apley’s test during 4-week intervention period (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Cyriax along with conventional treatment is more effective for improving pressure pain threshold, improving muscle length and improving the flexibility of shoulder than myofascial release technique along with conventional treatment in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
Text neck: a modern concern
Authors: Badkur Seema , S. Keerthana , Kamble Mugdha , Shrivastava Shweta , Jain Nidhi
Published: October 2023

Background: Nowadays, the mobile phone is the most popular and widely used device for various daily activities.  Text neck used to describe neck discomfort and injury of upper back muscle which is caused by the frequent forward bending of neck at various angles, while staring down at a mobile phone. This should consider as “pain of the modern era” since it is caused by modern-era gadgets. The text neck syndrome is a growing health concern and has the potential to affect millions of people all over the world. The objectives of the study were to assess the burden of text neck syndrome and to find out the effect of neck disability on daily activities.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among adults aged between 18-50 years from the general population using neck disability index questionnaire to gather information on how neck pain affected one’s ability to function in everyday life.
Results: Out of 691 responses, 95.8% were the mobile phone uses and 36.2% were on mobile phone for 5-7 hours per day. 27.4% were experiencing the mild neck pain. 45.6% of respondents reported mild text neck disability, 14.5% reported moderate, 3% reported severe and 0.4% reported complete text neck disability, and 36.5% did not suffer text neck disability.
Conclusions: A person’s life is incomplete without mobile phones, so that timely interpretation and interventions along with good knowledge about postural correction will be the key entities to deal with text neck syndrome.
Multimedia education program on knowledge and attitude regarding management, prevention of complication and side-effects of drugs on hepatitis-B among hepatitis patients: a pre-experimental study
Authors: Biswas Ratul C. , Shil Rahul
Published: October 2023

Background: Hepatitis is considered a public health challenge on the Asian continent. However, due to the paucity of the data, the exact burden of the condition has not been established. Better disease-related knowledge will help to improve attitudes toward managing the complications and side effects and also prevent the further spread of infection.
Methods: A hospital-based pre-experimental study was undertaken with 60 hepatitis B patients. Knowledge and attitude were assessed using demographic data, a 30-item knowledge questionnaire, and 16-item Likert scale responses, respectively. SPSS V20.0 was used for data analysis and interpretation. To do the analysis, a paired t-test and descriptive statistics, along with chi-square analysis were done to check the association level.
Results: The result showed that in the pre-test, 41 (68.3%) of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 19 (31.7%) had moderate knowledge, and none of the study participants had adequate knowledge. Furthermore, 60 (100%) participants had a neutral attitude, and none of the participants had an unfavorable and favorable attitude toward hepatitis B patients. The paired “t” test value was found to be 18.67 for knowledge level and 25.25 for attitude level, which was highly significant at p<0.05 level. Also, we have observed a strong positive linear correlation between knowledge and attitude, and the calculated “r” value is 0.741*.
Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that hepatitis B patients have a lack of knowledge and attitude which may lead to the further spread of infection in the community and hospital itself. Extensive health education, community reach, and health workers participation can have a rational control over the management of the disease.
Awareness of safe transfers in ambulance drivers after road traffic accidents
Authors: Mehta Mitali S. , Ekbote Amruta G.
Published: October 2023

Background: Today accidents are among the leading causes of death. Deaths due to road traffic accidents are increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world. Hence, safe transfers become an important aspect to deal with. Ambulance drivers being the providers for this transfer should know about safe transfers and how is it performed.
Methods: A validated self-structured questionnaire consisting of 14 questions related to knowledge about safe transfers was prepared and circulated to ambulance drivers via Google forms. Ethical approval and informed consent were taken. A total of 102 participants were included in the study and descriptive data analysis was done.
Results: Out of 102 participants, 10.8% of drivers had attended a road trauma first aid course, 41.2% of participants had heard about safe transfers, 98% had transferred an RTA victim, 3.9% of participants knew the right way to transfer a patient with spinal injury, 37.3% of subjects knew how to transfer fracture cases, 96% of the participants knew safest way used for transferring a patient, 47.1% drivers knew about “golden hour”, 80.3% participants knew the correct way to transfer a traumatic patient, 22.5% of subjects knew the importance of safe transfers and 99% of drivers felt the need to learn about safe transfers.
Conclusions: The study concludes that there is overall less awareness about safe transfers among ambulance workers. Although the willingness to learn about safe transfers is comparatively high. There is a need to increase awareness about safe transfers in ambulance drivers
A cross sectional survey on COVID-19 vaccination coverage at urban health center of a district in central Gujarat
Authors: Sheth Margi B. , Kalariya Gopi K. , Makwana Bharati L. , Shringarpure Kalpita S.
Published: October 2023

Background: COVID-19 vaccination can lead to herd immunity when a sufficient proportion of population is vaccinated. Effectiveness of vaccination coverage depends on the population’s willingness to be vaccinated completely. Aim and objective was to estimate COVID-19 vaccination coverage and to determine reasons for its acceptance and non-acceptance in urban field practice area of medical college attached with tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional house to house survey was conducted among the households (n=1346) under an urban health training centre (UHTC) of a medical college in central Gujarat after the second wave of COVID-19. All the beneficiaries above the age of 18 years residing in the house-holds coming under the field area were included in the study. The data was collected using Epi-collect 5 mobile based applications. Beneficiaries who had taken two doses of COVID-19 vaccine were counted as fully immunized. Vaccination coverage was calculated different for first and second dose. Facilitators and barriers for COVID-19 vaccination were shown with appropriate diagram.
Results: Out of the 1832 participants in the survey, vaccination coverage was 78.22% for first dose and 37.23% for second dose. Most common motivation (81%) behind taking vaccination was “good health”. Among the non-users for COVID-19 vaccination, 36.8% did not take the vaccine due to fear of adverse reactions.
Conclusions: Vaccination coverage is average in the urban area surveyed. Majority of the population is motivated to take the vaccine to protect themselves from COVID-19. The main reason for not taking vaccine was fear of side-effect of vaccine.
Types of physical activities and exercise interventions in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Shalabi Mona Saleh , Almalki Ghalib Jubran , Nhary Fatimah Meshaal , Alshaikh Amirah Mohammed , Taheri Fahad Mohammed , Sultan Sabreen Nasser , Ahmed Abdulrahman Ali , Abusharhah Nourah Mohammed , AlShehri Salem Mohammed , Almalki Mohammed Jubran , Alfaifi Amjad Mousa
Published: October 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as pulmonary disease, is a long-term lung disease condition characterized by inflammation that leads to restricted airflow from the lungs. People with COPD may experience symptoms like coughing, mucus production, wheezing, feeling tightness in the chest, being tired or losing weight unintentionally, and experiencing swelling. COPD can also lead to episodes of worsened symptoms called exacerbations that require attention. The severity of COPD is categorized into four stages ranging from mild to severe based on how it limits airflow in the lungs. COPD management requires a comprehensive and personalized approach that considers various factors that influence the condition. In this review, we searched the existing body of research regarding how exercise interventions can help manage COPD. These interventions include rehabilitation, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and inspiratory muscle training. The goal of these interventions is to enhance exercise capacity, alleviate breathlessness, improve fitness, boost muscle strength, and enhance functionality and quality of life for individuals living with COPD. The paper also discusses the pharmacological therapy and dietary support that are essential for COPD management. The review states that COPD is an advancing illness that necessitates detection and efficient intervention methods, in order to reduce its advancement and enhance its results. The paper emphasizes the significance of integrating exercise interventions into COPD treatment as a means to encourage activity and overall wellness among patients with COPD.
Critical review of evidence for the role of physical activity in the management of type 2 diabetes and physical activity in patients with diabetes in the state of Qatar
Authors: Sheik Sanaulla
Published: October 2023

Globally prevalence of diabetes is increasing. Sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical activity is strongly associated with its prevalence and complications from the disease. This is also reflected in the people living in Qatar. Attempt to critically review the evidence on the effect of physical activity on diabetes and also review on the evidence available about the perception of people about physical activity in the state of Qatar. Critical appraisal of PubMed and google scholar using PICO model to gather the evidence available, including search of worldwide web for the terms ‘physical activity’, ‘diabetes mellitus type 2’. The results were critically appraised and presented in this review. Qatar has strong infrastructure of healthcare to support the people suffering from diabetes with its stable primary care, advanced secondary care and facilities. The municipalities have provided good green zones for the people to carry on the physical activity. The weather is not favorable throughout the year due to extremely hot summers but there are facilities which continue to function providing opportunities for physical activity. With the continued efforts of the governmental bodies increasing awareness, the perception of people is positive towards physical activity.
Financing Costs and Development
Authors: Cavalcanti Tiago , Kaboski Joseph P. , Martins Bruno , Santos Cezar
Published: October 2023

Most aggregate theories of financial frictions model credit available at a cost of financing equal to the savings rate but rationed. However, using a comprehensive firm-level credit registry, we document both high levels and high dispersion in ex post credit spreads to Brazilian firms. We develop a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model in which dispersion in spreads arises from intermediation costs and market power. Calibrating to the Brazilian data, we show that, for equivalent levels of external financing, spreads have profound impacts on aggregate development indeed moreso than credit rationing does and spreads yield firm dynamics that are more consistent with observed patterns.
Fiscal Policy, Income Redistribution, and Poverty Reduction in Latin America
Authors: Lustig Nora , Martinez Pabon Valentina , Pessino Carola
Published: October 2023

This paper uses standard fiscal incidence analysis to study how much income redistribution and poverty reduction are accomplished through the fiscal system in eighteen Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. We show there is considerable heterogeneity in the income inequality and poverty-reducing power of LAC fiscal systems. While all LAC fiscal systems reduce income inequality, fiscal systems in nine LAC countries are poverty-increasing, and this startling characteristic has not improved over time. When analyzing specific fiscal elements, we find that direct taxes, direct transfers, and in-kind transfers are all equalizing, and spending on education and health is often pro-poor. Moreover, contrary to expectations, indirect taxes and subsidies are more frequently equalizing than unequalizing.
Education Inequalities in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Acevedo Ivonne , Fernández Raquel , Pagés Carmen , Székely Miguel
Published: October 2023

Education is a crucial asset for a countrys economic prospects and for its inhabitants. In addition to its direct impact on growth via the accumulation of human capital, it is a critical ingredient in producing an informed citizenry, enhancing their ability to obtain and exert human and political rights and their facility to adapt to changing environments (generated by, e.g., technological or climatic change) among other benefits.
Análisis histórico-semioestilístico y geológico de rocas-lienzos con pictogramas y petroglifos Guane en la Mesa de Los Santos (Santander-Colombia)
Authors: Colegial-Gutiérrez Juan Diego , Moreno-González María Consuelo
Published: October 2023

Este artículo presenta un análisis histórico-semioestilístico y un análisis geológico, vinculados a evidencia arqueoantropológica y documental de los vestigios pictográficos y petroglíficos del grupo indígena llamado Guane, que habitó en tiempos prehispánicos e indianos o coloniales, en el centro del actual departamento de Santander, en el nororiente de Colombia. La pregunta-problema orientadora de los análisis fue ¿Cómo eran las condiciones y características de las rocas-lienzo usadas por los Guane, que les permitieron materializar su escritura prehispánica? Particularmente, se analizaron petroglifos grabados y pictogramas dibujados en rocas usadas como lienzos o rocas-lienzos, cuyas narrativas fueron decoradas con tintes de color rojo, procedentes de escamas de rocas con mineralizaciones de hematitas, de gran presencia en las veredas el Diamante, el Pozo y las Gachas, en jurisdicción del municipio de Los Santos. Este municipio se sitúa en La Mesa de Los Santos, elevación que teniendo en cuenta su evolución geomorfológica y geográfica se define como un relieve estructural-denudacional con características de meseta. El análisis geológico permitió determinar que las rocas-lienzo de pictogramas se realizaron sobre materiales de rocas calcáreas, mientras los petroglifos fueron realizados en rocas de mayor resistencia mecánica tipo areniscas. Desde el punto de vista histórico-semiestilístico, se concluyó que los pictogramas y petroglifos Guane son huellas escriturales de una sociedad que merece estudiarse a profundidad, en aras de la conservación tanto del patrimonio cultural como del geológico, porque constituyen, en su conjunto, un servicio ecosistémico que aún no ha sido debidamente valorado en el ámbito regional.
Modelos estocásticos de inventarios
Authors: González Becerra Fernando
Published: October 2023

El presente documento está conformado por cinco capítulos: el primero describe los sistemas de revisión continua de inventarios, con tiempos de entrega constantes y distribuciones empíricas de probabilidad, además, con tiempos de entrega variable, incluidos ejercicios desplegados con el respectivo rigor matemático y ejercicios propuestos. El segundo capítulo detalla los sistemas de revisión periódica, con tiempos de entrega constantes y distribuciones empíricas de probabilidad, también con tiempos de entrega variable y ejercicios desarrollados y planteados. El capítulo tres incluye el análisis estadístico y el ajuste de los datos correspondientes a la demanda del producto, inclusive las pruebas de bondad y ajuste más reconocidas, con ejemplos solucionados y ejercicios expuestos. El capítulo cuatro trata sobre modelos estocásticos de inventarios con revisión continua y con diferentes variaciones, y presenta ejemplos concluidos y ejercicios formulados. El capítulo cinco pormenoriza aspectos relevantes de los modelos de inventarios estocásticos con revisión periódica con diferentes variaciones, y ejemplos desplegados y casos propuestos.
Survival Rate Estimation in Patients with Colorectal Cancer by applying Fuzzy Product Limit Estimator
Authors: Khedrizadeh Galawezh , Jafari Koshki Tohid , Dolatkhah Roya , Mousavi Saeid
Published: October 2023

Background: Survival rates are important to show the progress of the disease and the effect of treatments. The estimation of survival probabilities especially in presence of highly censored data is challenging. In this study, Fuzzy Product Limit Estimator (FPLE) is introduced to mitigate the challenge.
Methods: In a longitudinal study, data of 173 CRC patients were analyzed.  To estimate survival probabilities, mean and median survival time, Fuzzy Product Limit Estimator (FPLE), a data-driven method, was applied to the data. It provides a smooth survival probability curve and the continuation of the survival curve is not a concern in the case while the largest observed time is censored.
Results: One-year survival rate for CRC patients was estimated to be 83% using FPLE and KM methods. The five-year survival rate was estimated to be 37% and 52% by the FPLE and KM methods, respectively. The largest observed time in data (71.96 months) was censored, so the survival rate after 71.96 months was not estimable by the KM method. But 10-year and 20-year survival rates were estimated by FPLE as 0.21 and 0.09. The mean (median) survival time was estimated 45.97 (65) and 82.69 (41.70) months by KM and FPLE methods, respectively.  
Conclusion: In presence of highly censored survival data, the FPLE method provides acceptable estimates of CRC patients' survival rate. Also, the continuation of the survival curve was estimated after the largest observed time. The smaller estimates by the FPLE at 5-year could be considered as warning that the actual survival rate is lower than that reported by the KM method.
Random-Splitting Random Forest with Multiple Mixed-Data Covariates
Authors: Fayaz Mohammad , Abadi Alireza , Khodakarim Soheila
Published: October 2023

Introduction:The bagging (BG) and random forest (RF) are famous supervised statistical learning methods based on the classification and regression trees. The BG and RF can deal with different types of responses such as categorical, continuous, etc. There are curves, time series, functional data, or observations that are related to each other based on their domain in many statistical applications. The RF methods are extended to some cases for functional data as covariates or responses in many pieces of literature. Among them, random-splitting is used to summarize the functional data to the multiple related summary statistics such as average, etc.
Methods: This research article extends this method and introduces the mixed data BG (MD-BG) and RF (MD-RF) algorithm for multiple functional and non-functional, or mixed and hybrid data, covariates and it calculates the variable importance plot (VIP) for each covariate.
Results: The main differences between MD-BG and MD-RF are in choosing the covariates that in the first, all covariates remain in the model but the second uses a random sample of covariates. The MD-RF helps to unmask the most important parts of functional covariates and the most important non-functional covariates.
Conclusion: We apply our methods on the two datasets of DTI and Tecator and compare their performances for continuous and categorical responses with developed R package (“RSRF”) in the GitHub.
The Effect of Friendship on Loneliness in Post-Pandemic Overseas Students
Authors: Riyadi Nadhifa Salsabillah , Qoyyimah Nur Rohmah Hidayatul
Published: October 2023

Loneliness is a common problem among overseas students. Loneliness can occur due to the low level of the intimacy of friendship. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of friendship on the loneliness of respondents. The research used comparative causal type quantitative methods. The study involved 385 respondents who were overseas students at Malang State University class of 2020 and 2021 who started friendships online and continued offline. They were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The study used the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale Version 3 (UCLA LS) scale, which was adapted into Indonesian by Putri (2019) and modified by researchers, had 14 items with a reliability of 0.884, and the Intimacy of Friendship Scale by Rizal’s (2020) and modified by researchers, had 41 items with a reliability of 0.942. Data analysis in this study used simple regression analysis. The results showed that intimacy of friendship contributed 32.7% to loneliness with a negative influence (ρ = 0.000).
Keywords: Intimacy of friendship; Loneliness; Overseas students; Post-pandemic
Relationship Between Parents’ Social Support and Anxiety in Facing the World of Work in Fresh Graduate
Authors: Hatimah Nurul Ayu , Puspita Dewi Eva Meizara , Halima Andi , . Basti
Published: October 2023

Various social demands and pressures to get a job result in high anxiety in fresh university graduates. One way to reduce the level of anxiety is through social support from parents. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental social support and anxiety in facing the world of work in fresh graduates. The research subjects totalled 335 fresh graduates of the State University of Makassar. This study used a quantitative method with a cluster random sampling technique. The instrument used was the parental social support scale and the anxiety scale. The data analysis technique used was the Pearson product moment correlation test, which obtained a significant negative relationship between parental social support in the aspects of emotional support, appraisal support, instrumental support, and informational support with anxiety in facing the world of work. That is, the lower the social support of parents, the higher the anxiety level of fresh graduates in facing the world of work. This research can provide knowledge and a reference source regarding social support for parents with children who face anxiety regarding the world of work.
Keywords: Anxiety, Fresh Graduate, Parental Support
Perception of Self-Existence Towards Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) on Social Media by Freshmen at the University State of Malang
Authors: Faizah Almira , Purnama Liani , Romadhon M. Yusuf , Avezahra Mutia Husna
Published: October 2023

This qualitative research aimed to find the perception of the self-existence of new students at the State University of Malang towards the fear of missing out (FOMO). Today, almost all people use social media to connect with others or do other activities. FOMO is a worry or fear arising from missing something new or trending. Therefore, people always want to connect with others to avoid missing out. This research used a phenomenological approach with interviews as a data collection and purposive sampling techniques. Participants in this research were three freshmen at the Universitas Negeri Malang. The study’s results indicated that participants wanted to follow their own trends and criteria in posting content material on social media. The criteria consisted of peak attention to the time of uploading content, the quality of content material relating to self-awareness and maturity, and the influence of other people in creating content material. In conclusion, people have a perception of self-existence to people around them in order to get more attention and personal pleasure through social media.
Keywords: Self Existence, Fear of Missing Out, Social Media
The Effects of Leadership Style and Work Environment on Digital Leadership: A Literature Review
Authors: Sulistiyorini Diyah , Zahra Gebi Angelina
Published: October 2023

This paper thoroughly reviews the literature on the link between leadership style, digital leadership, and the climate of a company. As more and more organizations embrace digital developments, it’s important to know how leadership styles and digital leadership affect the environment of a company. This study aimed to combine what we already know about leadership styles with digital leadership. This will help us understand how corporate climate affects the relationship between leadership style and digital leadership. The results showed that the organizational climate, which is affected by how leaders do their jobs, significantly affects how well digital leadership practices work in a company. Different types of leadership have different effects on a company’s culture, which can help or hurt the success of digital leadership initiatives. The results also showed how important it is to understand and change the organization’s culture in order to use digital tools and lead teams well in the digital age. By creating a positive and helpful environment, organizations can make it easier for digital leadership practices to be adopted and used successfully. This will improve the effectiveness of leadership and the results of the whole organization.
Keywords: Leadership Style, Digital Leadership, Organizational Climates
Ewolucja ekonomii rozwoju
Authors: Legiędź Tomasz
Published: October 2023

The central problem of the economics is to understand the mechanism of economic development. However, there is still no comprehensive theory that would explain the cause of poverty and wealth of nations. The purpose of this article is to analyze an evolution of the economic development paradigm, from the birth of development economics until now, and thus to identify main problems of this branch of economics, and to indicate potential paths for future research.
Metody i efekty ograniczania emisji CO2 – porównanie rozwiązań stosowanych w Unii Europejskiej i wybranych państwach
Authors: Nadolny Łukasz
Published: October 2023

The main goal of this article is to show methods of greenhouse gases reduction introduced in European Union and four other countries: China, USA, Russia and India. All together they are the top five economies responsible for over a 65% of carbon dioxide global emission. Each country or union has developed its own way of coping with a problem of global warming. Does their governments really try to stop polluting the atmosphere, or maybe they just want to achieve different goals? How efficient are their methods? The last part of the article consist of data analysis showing how high the levels of CO2 emissions have been since 1980 till 2011. It gives a reader a picture of each country’s impact on global warming and theirs results in reducing it.
Im wcześniej tym lepiej. O precyzji odpowiedzi na pytania ilościowe w badaniach ankietowych
Authors: Hardy Wojciech
Published: October 2023

Cechy ankiety, takie jak jej długość, trudność, czy jej subiektywnie postrzegana ciekawość mają bezpośrednie przełożenie na jakość otrzymywanych danych. Praca analizuje związek pomiędzy długością kwestionariusza, a precyzją pozyskanych z jego pomocą danych, wykorzystując dane BAEL na temat rozkładu wynagrodzeń w społeczeństwie polskim. Badanie opiera się na naturalnym quasi-eksperymencie, jakim było zwiększenie liczby pytań w kwestionariuszu BAEL między rokiem 2005, a 2006. Analizie poddano wpływ tej zmiany na rozrzut deklarowanych przez respondentów dochodów. Wyniki wskazują na istotny, negatywny związek pomiędzy długością ankiety i precyzją udzielanych odpowiedzi. Uzyskane wyniki są względnie odporne.
Sistema para la automatización del registro de asistencia en las aulas de clases
Authors: Paredes Jeisson , González Edwar , Castillo-Santamaria Jahir Gamar , Muñoz Lilia , Villarreal Vladimir
Published: October 2023

Este proyecto fue realizado con el objetivo de desarrollar un programa que implementara reconocimiento facial, utilizando como lenguaje de programación Python con la capacidad de reconocer a los estudiantes o profesores que ingresan al salón de clases. Sólo colocando su rostro frente a la Webcam, en la pantalla se mostrará un recuadro azul alrededor del rostro del estudiante y mostrará su nombre. El programa almacenará un registro en un documento Excel de aquellas personas que asistieron a clases. En este documento se encontrarán los nombres de los estudiantes y las fechas de la semana. El programa colocará un 1 si asistió y un 0 si no se presentó a la clase, de esta forma se busca evitar el uso de papel y maximizar el tiempo de clases, ya que algunos profesores toman una parte de la clase para crear sus registros de asistencia, este proceso puede tomar más o menos tiempo dependiendo de la cantidad de estudiantes matriculados en el curso.
Aktivitas Aantioksidan Kombinasi Daun Sirsak (Anonna Muricata L.) dan Daun Beluntas (Pluchea Indica L.)
Authors: Hasanah Ulfatun , Inayah Nurul
Published: October 2023

Soursop (Anonna Muricata L.) and Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) are plants that contain secondary metabolites that have potential as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of soursop leaf samples, beluntas and their combination in reducing DPPH. Samples were made into powder followed by maceration and evaporated the solvent to become an extract. Antioxidant activity testing with DPPH silencing method with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antioxidant activity test results for soursop leaf samples, beluntas, combinations (1:1), (1:2) and (2:1) have IC50 values of 58, 51, 57, 61 and 68 ppm, respectively. Further analysis Combination index of the combination (1:1) has a synergistic effect and the combination (1:2) and (2:1) has an antagonistic effect. Keywords: Antioxidant Activity, Anonna Muricata L. leaf, Pluchea indica L. leaf, DPPH
Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Candida albicans
Authors: Hartina Desy Sofyah , Rahayu Yani Corvianindya , Kurniawati Atik
Published: October 2023

Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. The prevalence of candidiasis in Indonesia is around 20-25%, it can attack the skin, nails, hair, throat, and mouth. One of the fungal infections that occur in the oral cavity is oral candidiasis. Oral candidiasis is caused by overgrowth of Candida albicans species in the oral cavity which is dominated by Candida albicans as much as 85-95%. One of the treatments using herbal medicinal plants is cocoa peel containing active compounds including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids which are thought to be antifungal. The aim was to determine the inhibition of cocoa peel extract on the growth of Candida albicans. This study used the disc diffusion method with 4 samples in each study group. The research group consisted of 5 treatment groups (10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100% cocoa peel extract), positive control group (nystatin), and negative control group (sterile aquades). Data were analyzed using One Way Anova test and LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Concentrations of extracts of cocoa pods 100% and 80% have the ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans.
Terapi Bedah Frenektomi Pada Ankyloglossia: Laporan Kasus
Authors: Arnov Steffi Triany , Anwar Risyandi
Published: October 2023

Frenectomy is a surgical procedure to remove or eliminate the frenulum, either the labial, buccal, or lingual frenulum. An abnormality of the thickened and tight lingual frenulum of the tongue that results in limitation of tongue movement is called ankyloglossia. This limitation can causes speech problems. A 25-year-old woman with tongue problems, immobility and difficulty in pronouncing certain letters. The tongue cannot cross the vermilion lip line. The choice of surgical treatment is frenectomy under local anesthesia using the dual hemostat method. Frenectomy as a treatment option for ankyloglossia gave good results without complications and was continued with speech therapy rehabilitation.
Kejadian Stunting Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin Dan Usia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Kalisat
Authors: Zulfa Imania , Yani Ristya Widi Endah , Dewanti I Dewa Ayu Ratna
Published: October 2023

Stunting is a chronic condition characterized by the poor condition of the child or the inhibition of the child's linear growth due to the accumulation of various factors that occur over a long time. This situation can be seen based on the z-score of height according to age less than -2 standard deviation (SD) which is classified as short and very short. To find out the incidence of stunting by gender and age in the working area of the Kalisat Health Center in 2020. Descriptive research using secondary data from patient KIA data in February 2020. From the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the incidence of stunting in toddlers is mostly male and toddlers aged 24-36 months.
Contemporary Art On Fashion In Jember Fashion Carnaval (2016-2021)
Authors: Bramantijo Bramantijo , Aprilia Lani Kartini Rose
Published: October 2023

As a fashion show that includes members of all societal strata, Jember Fashion Carnival (JFC) is regarded as a must-attendcultural event in East Java. In modern civilization, fashion is used as a means of communication to express social, cultural, andpersonal identity. Art and fashion share many similarities in how they portray or convey feelings, expression, amusement, and beingpresented. The term experimental, a subset of contemporary art, has its roots in the creation of clothing that pushes the boundariesof both fashion and performance art, or as it is known in the language of fashion, the avant-garde. This study intends toascertain the evolution of contemporary art at JFC as well as the impact of contemporary art on fashion at JFC events, particularlyfrom 2016 to 2021. The data gathered were examined inductively as a cultural inquiry utilizing ethnographic techniques. The visualcultural portion includes shape, color, texture, fashion, and the arts. Regarding poetry and how to develop and connect ideas, theaesthetics of art and fashion are similarly similar. Avant-garde fashion is contemporary art applied, yet one might also say thatfashion is a costume in contemporary art. In JFC, the focus is on the artists' creative processes, and how innocence and wildness intheir work emerge. They also receive guidance and instruction on creating, applying makeup, walking, and dancing.The Jember Fashion Carnival not only has a theme but also emphasizes the theatricality and soul of the costumes. Values, excitement, and motivation to create fashion pieces fuel the carnival's rebirth. In addition, each theme also incorporates components of values, culture, humanism, compassion, and openness to different viewpoints.
O processo de regionalização do SUS Tocantins
Authors: Coutinho Dalsiza Cláudia Macedo , Santos Rosemeire dos
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho expõe um estudo sobre o processo de regionalização do SUS no Tocantins, com o objetivo de conhecer a implementação do SUS no estado, mediante a regionalização das ações e dos serviços de saúde. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental no banco de dados do Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde e nos Planos Estaduais de Saúde elaborados entre 2002 e 2016. Dessa forma, foram pesquisados 858 estabelecimentos do SUS nas oito Regiões de Saúde existentes no estado e foi possível conhecer o processo de organização e a configuração dessas Regiões, mapear os serviços públicos de saúde existentes nos territórios, bem como discutir a implementação da política de saúde pública no Tocantins.