bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A manipulação em discursos antivacina: uma análise sobre as representações sociais
Authors: Santos Leonel Andrade dos , Araújo Júlio
Published: October 2023

This article aims to analyze the social representations constructed in the processes of manipulation of the anti-vaccine discourse during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this, we reflect on the concept of manipulation advocated by Breton (1999) and base ourselves on the sociocognitive perspective advocated by van Dijk (2012) for the analysis of the phenomenon of discursive ma-nipulation. We also discuss the concept of social representations defended by Moscovici (1976) and Jodelet (2001) and we join the discursive approach defended by Irineu (2021) to analyze two texts published between the months of December 2021 and January 2022 on internet social networks. The analysis allowed us to conclude that, in order to manipulate discursively through social repre-sentations, the enunciators used (i) a privileged place of speech, (ii) medical, scientific and religious discourses; (iii) hypermultimodal resources that seek to involve subjects in an ecosystem of misin-formation; and (iv) vocabulary composed of words and expressions related to death or other evils.
De syllogismo falsigrapho: The Colonial Reception of Deceptive Arguments (From 13th to 18th Centuries)
Authors: Higuera José
Published: October 2023

In the Dominican Archive San Luis Beltran (Bogotá) there is a manuscript of an unknown cursus philosophicus signed by the Franciscan master Pedro Ceballos y Tena, dated in 1741, Quito. The last section of this cursus is entitled Articulus utilis desyllogismo falsigrapho. For the first time, we can reconstruct the long transition of the vocabulary and the conception of deceptive arguments called falsigraphi. Pseudo-Scotus showed the fallacies behind this sort of defective argumentation, despite the geometrical origin of this expression. In the Aristotelian texts, falsigraphus was a philosophical character who wrongly “drew” the geometrical principles in order to induce a demonstration about a specific problem (e.g. circle quadrature). However, Pseudo-Scotus preferred to highlight the op-position between the demonstrative syllogisms - and their immediate principles - and the sophistic arguments configured by linguistic ambiguities or fallacies. These types of fallacies appear in the Cursus philosophicus dictatus Limae (1701) under the name of syllogismum pse[u]dographum. The question is how the later readers of Pseudo-Scotus assumed the linguistic perspective on deceptive arguments focused on categorical mistakes, while neglecting the geometrical character of those ar-guments that involved the use of a “graphical reasoning”. The contrast between pse[u]dographumand falsigraphus will show how the linguistic perspective on deceptive arguments was embraced by the later Scholastic. This linguistic emphasis achieves an interesting point, however, in Ceballos y Tena, who recovers the Pseudo-Scotus’ view of the term falsigraphus to note the ambiguity of logical terms. The hypothesis of this work is the historical oscillation of deceptive arguments between the linguistic perspective and the graphical reasoning involved in geometrical demonstrations.
The Truth We Know. Reassessing Suárez’s Account of Cognitive Truth and Objective Being
Authors: Guidi Simone
Published: October 2023

This article aims at reassessing a widespread view, according to which Francisco Suárez left behind the scholastic model of truth as adaequatio, founding a new concept of truth based on his metaphysics of objective being. In the first part, I reconstruct the debate on the complex and incomplex truth, focu-sing especially on the sources of Suárez’s Disputation 8, and presenting the views of Aquinas, Henry of Ghent, Hervaeus, Durandus, Capreolus and Fonseca. Especially the latter proposes an eclectic synthesis, blending elements from the Dominican tradition and Henry of Ghent. In the second part, I analyze Suárez’s Disputation 8, showing that his doctrine of truth reprises and mitigates Fonseca’s, thus following most of the Dominican commentators of Aquinas. Here I explain especially the role played by objective being in the constitution of the truth in cognoscendo, also showing that the latter cannot be given without a previous adequation on the level of the truth in significando (the species). In the third part, I discuss three textual passages used by contemporary historiography to legitimate Suárez’s alleged abandon of adaequatio, pointing out, in the light of the previous reconstruction, some misreadings in these interpretations.
Literary Fiction according to Augustine’s Soliloquia
Authors: Catapano Giovanni
Published: October 2023

In this paper, I focus on some passages from Augustine’s Soliloquia. I show that they contain the idea of literary fiction as a non-deceptive lie, in which voluntariness and necessity coexist. I pay particular attention to the case of mythical fiction, which on the one hand leads to Cicero’s theory of narration and on the other hand to Augustine’s conception of imagination.
Suppositiones pro istis dubiis solvendis. Futuri contingenti e profezie nel Tractatus de praedestinatione et de praescientia Dei respectu futurorum contingentium di Guglielmo di Ockham
Authors: Fedriga Riccardo , Limonta Roberto
Published: October 2023

In the Tractatus de praedestinatione et de praescientia Dei respectu futurorum contingentium, Wil-liam of Ockham uses the term suppositio – which in the Summa Logicae was the referential property allowing terms to stand in place of the res – as a translation of Aristotle’s ὑπόθεσις. In the Posterior Analytics, a hypothesis is the necessary premise to the scientific reasoning, assumed without demon-stration but later confirmed by the correctness of the conclusions. In the case of future contingents and prophecies, in the Tractatus, suppositiones are both indemonstrable, as they come from an act of belief, and necessary, since they found the possibility of a logical-demonstrative reasoning about objects that present themselves to the grasp of intellect only ficte. Ockham thus applies the method of propositional logic to a theological context, providing scientific status to the knowledge of future contingents. In this framework, the crucial distinction between present-tensed propositions secun-dum rem and secundum vocem is not a merely linguistic ad hoc solution to the problem of future contingents’ and prophecies’, knowability. Rather, the vocaliter nature of future contingents must be understood as a fictio or a suppositio needed to cut short the causal chain connecting the plane of resto that of cognitive acts, in coherence with Ockham’s theological and ontological parsimony.
Poematis genus ambigui I concetti di veritas, fictio e visio fra Petrarca e Boccaccio
Authors: Monaco Benedetta
Published: October 2023

The paper aims to analyse, through multiple intertextual references, the reception of classical and me-dieval theory about relationship between veritas, fictio and poesis through Boccaccio’sand Petrarca’s examples. Starting from etymological and interpretative dissociation between the concepts of poetry and fiction, allowed by the rediscovery of Cicero’s Pro Archia, Petrarca and Boccaccio reaffirm the moral truth as center of poetic discourse, in defense of poetry against medieval accusations of defectum veritatis. A particular case of study is offered by the dialogicity of the elements of veritas and fictio in the new perspective of humanistic reworking of dream-vision’s literary theory in Boccaccio’s Amorosa Visione, and Petrarca’s Triumphi. This study highlights specifically the ways in which each author not only drew upon previous theoretical models (such as Macrobius Commentarium in Somnium Scipionis) and interacted with the genre of religious prophetic visions (like the Visio Alberici, Vision de Tondale)and the allegorism of Divine Comedy in the composition of his own oneiric texts, but also how, through their literary criticisms, they influenced the analysis of the symbols in subsequent literature.
Professores e telemóveis: Da utilização pessoal à integração na sala de aula
Authors: Pinto Alexandre , Couto Ângela , Barbot António , Maia Lima Cláudia Manuela , Aboim Sara , Teles Rui
Published: October 2023

A escola, enquanto instituição estruturante da nossa sociedade, é influenciada pelas alterações que a própria sociedade experimenta e as quais a escola tem imperiosamente de acompanhar. A era tecnológica veio revolucionar os comportamentos da população, em particular das crianças e jovens, e dar espaço à era do m-learning, especificamente no que concerne ao uso dos telemóveis como uma ferramenta disponível para apoiar as aprendizagens. Por estes motivos, o desenvolvimento deste estudo objetivava identificar as funcionalidades dos telemóveis utilizadas pelos docentes portugueses e conhecer as suas perceções quanto à integração destes equipamentos em contextos formais de aprendizagem. A aplicação, análise e tratamento estatístico dos dados recolhidos, por meio de um questionário a 443 docentes do norte de Portugal, permitiram perceber que os docentes estão recetivos à integração dos telemóveis nas suas aulas, mas apontam várias barreiras como justificativa para os manter excluídos dessas dinâmicas. Nesta análise foi possível constatar que as ações que os docentes utilizam nos seus telemóveis são destinadas essencialmente para usos pessoais, não se registando um aproveitamento expressivo das suas potencialidades na vertente profissional. A destreza na utilização pessoal destes equipamentos por parte dos participantes no estudo revelou-se importante na forma como os docentes perspetivavam oportunidades de os incluir nas práticas profissionais.
The contribution of philanthropic movement for civic education: Lessons learned from generosity amid pandemic
Authors: Arpannudin Iqbal , Suryadi Karim , Malihah Elly , Anggraeni Leni
Published: October 2023

The culture of mutual assistance and the generosity of Indonesian citizens significantly grows amid the pandemic. Such culture is an integral part of civic studies as a taste and a practice. The institutionalized mutual aid and generosity practices are part of a philanthropic movement included in the socio-cultural domain of civic studies and civic education. The socio-cultural domain of civic education asserts that civic education is not always construed as a subject in schools. This paper aims to examine the position of philanthropy as part of civic studies and civic education. This study employs grounded theory to investigate philanthropic models in tradition, activities, and movements in building the civic socio-cultural dimension and its contribution to civic education. Data sources in this study were obtained from interviews and analysis of documents related to the philanthropic movement in Indonesia. The data were validated using triangulation of research data sources, and data analysis utilized the constant comparative method with the help of ATLAS.ti version 8. The results show that philanthropy contributes to the domain of academic study of civic education to strengthen and consolidate the science of civic education concerning the tighter relationship during the pandemic between citizens, the government, and the third sector. The contribution for the curricular domain, philanthropy, can be included in teaching materials for civic education learning at schools on materials that discuss citizens and the state.
Student perceptions on high school teachers’ competence in online teaching
Authors: Pranowo Dwiyanto Djoko , Dwijonagoro Suwarna , Lumban Tobing Roswita , Purinthrapibal Sirima
Published: October 2023

Efforts to continuously improve teacher competence need to be supported by the availability of empirical data through various studies. Data on teacher competence in Indonesia have so far been carried out by the government through the National Teacher Competency Test (NTCT) whose instruments were prepared based on indicators of professional teachers who master the competencies of the field of study and pedagogical competencies. The result was that most teachers in Indonesia did not pass the competency test. This article tries to describe user-based teacher competencies in this case, students. How students evaluate their teachers will be able to be a portrait from a different angle with NTCT. Through a questionnaire on student perceptions of teacher performance in online learning, it can provide an overview of the level of user satisfaction with teacher performance. The study involved 569 high school students from public and private schools, as well as urban and rural schools. The questionnaire was conducted through a google form and the results showed that according to student assessments, teachers were relatively ready to manage online learning. Passing the second year of online learning has been well addressed by teachers in improving self-competence. According to students, teachers are capable to use various technology platforms and media in virtual learning.
Evaluation and Strategy Provision to Promote the Indicators of Integrated Geriatric Care Program in an Iranian Community: Protocol for a Participatory Action Research (Preprint)
Authors: Nazaripanah Neda Sadat , Nadrian Haidar , Hashemiparast Mina , Gilani Neda , Bahrevar Vali , Rezaeipandari Hassan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

The presence of an effective primary healthcare system can serve as a pivotal factor in promoting and fostering a state of well-being conducive to healthy aging in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate and strategy provisions to promote the indicators of the Integrated Geriatric Care Program (IGCP) for community-dwelling older adults in Yazd, Iran.

METHODS

The current study is a quantitative-qualitative study with a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. One of the healthcare centers that has recently obtained the weakest health indicators of the IGCP will be selected as the center for the PAR. The present study aims to enhance the health indicators of IGCP in the designated healthcare center. The principles of this PAR study are based on a cyclical approach including problem identification, planning, implementation, feedback, and evaluation. The study participants comprise the executive staff and the older adults covered by this healthcare center. The data will be collected in two phases quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data will be obtained through Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and a checklist made by the researcher. The qualitative data will be collected via semi-structured interviews using conventional content analysis design. The interviews will be carried out both before and after the PAR intervention.

RESULTS

Participant invitation and data collection started in January 2023. PAR will be implemented in November 2023. It is expected that the final evaluation and results report will be done at the end of February 2024. This protocol describes the steps and process of PAR in the present study.

CONCLUSIONS

PAR studies can be used to empower and create innovative recommendations for the health promotion of older persons. Through the PAR methodology, this investigation seeks to evaluate and strategy provisions to promote the health indicators of IGCP in a developing country.
Clinical significance of serum levels of Saccharomyces cerevisiae IgA, IgG and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Stepanov Yu.M. , Stoikevich M.V. , Gaydar Yu.A. , Klenina I.A. , Tatarchuk O.M.
Published: October 2023

Background. It is important to search for biological markers with high specificity and sensitivity as a non-invasive method for accurate diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in particular, differentiation of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), which is important for both prognosis and treatment. The purpose of the study was to determine the titer of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) IgG, IgA, perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) and their clinical significance in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Materials and methods. The study included 49 patients with IBD who were treated at the Department of Intestinal Di­seases of the State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. All patients were divided into two groups: 33 individuals with UC and 16 with CD. In addition, the patients were divided into groups depending on the severity of UC course: mild — 3, moderate — 26, and 4 individuals had severe UC. Among patients with CD, severity was moderate in 13 cases and severe CD was detected in 3 cases. p-ANCA IgG were determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The serum level of ASCA IgA and IgG was evaluated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were statistically processed using the Statistica 6.1 software package. Results. Most patients with UC appeared to have p-ANCA, and in patients with CD, an increased level of ASCA IgA and IgG was found. Among patients with CD, the level of ASCA IgA and IgG depended on the severity of the disease, which was confirmed by the revealed correlation between their level and the severity of the disease (r = 0.608; p = 0.012). Analysis showed that the p-ANCA IgG test for confirming the diagnosis of UC has a sensitivity of 63 % and a specificity of 86 %, whereas the presence of an elevated level of ASCA IgA or IgG for the diagnosis of CD has a sensitivity of 72 % and a specificity of 82 %. The combination of positive p-ANCA IgG and negative ASCA IgA, IgG in patients with UC showed a sensitivity and specificity of 75.6 and 68.8 %, respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 68.8 %. For combination of positive ASCA IgA, IgG and negative p-ANCA IgG in patients with CD, the sensitivity was 81.3 % and the specificity was 80 % with a diagnostic accuracy of 80.8 %. Therefore, the simultaneous determination of ASCA IgA, IgG and p-ANCA IgG increases the positive predictive accuracy in the differential diagnosis of UC and CD among patients with IBD. Conclusions. It was found that the separate assessment of ASCA IgA, IgG and p-ANCA IgG for the differentiation of UC and CD has lower sensitivity and specificity, but when the two tests are combined, the predictive value of a positive result and specificity can be significantly increased.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure Behavior of Gelcasted Porous Ceramics Using Cassava Starch as Pore Template
Authors: Putri Suriati Eka , Pratiwi Diana Eka , Tjahjanto Rachmat Triandi , Ilyas Nita Magfirah , Tahir Dahlang , Rahman Abd , Heryanto Heryanto
Published: October 2023

The gelcasting technique was employed to fabricate porous ceramics utilizing kaolinite clay as the base material with a combination of 20 wt.% cassava starch. The utilization of cassava starch as a pore-template material is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. The dry mixture compacted pellets underwent calcination for 2 h at three distinct sintering temperatures, namely 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. The present study investigated the impact of sintering temperatures on various ceramic properties, including but not limited to porosity, hardness, crystallinity, lattice strain, and morphology. Furthermore, an increase in sintering temperature led to a reduction in crystallinity of the ceramic material from 81.71 to 78.06%, while the lattice strain increased, as determined by the full width at half maximum peak diffraction calculation. The study determined that the pore size remained microporous (21 Å) across all temperature treatments. Ultimately, a porous ceramic material was fabricated, exhibiting a porosity of 39.44% by volume and a desirable hardness of 94 HB. The optimal sintering temperature for this material was found to be 900 °C. The anticipated application of the porous ceramic, which has taken on a pellet shape, is as a catalyst support for wastewater filtration in the future.
Scabies in an Adolescent with Poor Personal Hygiene
Authors: Angraini Dian Isti , Prameswari Neema Putri , Susanto Eko Budi
Published: October 2023

Skin disease is one of the public health problems in developing countries such as Indonesia. One of the common skin diseases is scabies, a parasitic infestation that is highly contagious and can cause significant morbidity. Scabies can cause prolonged itching and excoriation, resulting in secondary infection1.Scabies is a skin disease caused by infestation and sensitization of the parasite, Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Scabies is transmitted through several ways, namely direct contact with the skin or indirectly through clothing, bed linen, mattresses, and toiletries. Symptoms that appear are itching and skin eruptions in the form of papules, nodules, and vesicles due to a hypersensitivity reaction2. People who are infected with scabies can transmit it to others even though they do not show symptoms until the infection is successfully treated and the mites and eggs are destroyed3.
Health Family Indicators in North Lombok Regency
Authors: Fitriadi Yogi , Mahmudah Noor Afif , Muchlis Mumtihana , Danawati Cornelia Wahyu , Istiono Wahyudi , Claramita Mora , Sutomo Adi Heru , Josef Hari Kusnanto
Published: October 2023

Background: Health family indicators are twelve indicators used to assess family health status. The increase in the health family indicator is one of the parameters of The Indonesia Health Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) success. This health family indicator can increase if there is an increase in public awareness of family health and the right policies from the health service or government in an area related to health. To make an appropriate policy, accurate health family indicator survey data is needed that can be used as a guideline to make health-related policies and implement health policies in accordance with problems in the community based on the results of the health family indicator survey, especially for family with vulnerable groups in the context of post disaster/crisis phase. Objectives: This study aims to assess the achievement of health family indicator in North Lombok Regency. This study is the first to be conducted with the aim of describing the health family indicator achievement of families who have family members with vulnerable groups in post disaster/crisis phase. Method: This study is a descriptive study that assesses the health status of families in the North Lombok Regency area. The subject of the study was a family that had family members with vulnerable groups selected by purposive sampling. Data retrieval was conducted by interviewing participants who met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion with the guidance of healthy family indicator questionnaires by trained cadres. The data obtained was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and STATA 16 programs. Result: 292 families in six village met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The results of this study showed that 6.51% of family respondents belonged to the category of unhealthy families, 57.53% were pre-healthy families and 35.96% were healthy families. The highest percentage of healthy families is in Santong village (44.93%, n = 69) while the highest percentage of unhealthy families is in Santong Mulia village (19.23%, n = 26). The average percentage of healthy families in six villages is 34.02% while the average percentage of unhealthy families is 8.53%. Conclusion: Most families with vulnerable groups in the North Lombok Regency are pre-healthy families.
The Effect of Online Teaching and Learning Activities During the Covid-19 Pandemic on Stress Among Students of The Faculty of Medicine Ciputra University
Authors: Muhammad I Made Irham , Ritunga Imelda , Karimah Azimatul , Adrianto Hebert
Published: October 2023

Background: The World Health Organization has declared that COVID-19 is a global pandemic. To prevent its spread, academic activities in Indonesia have been shifted to distance learning methods. This change resulted in students having to adapt to these new methods and deal with the additional stress. The inability of students to adapt contributed to the new conditions causing the additional stress. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of online teaching and learning activities during the COVID-19 pandemic on stress at the Faculty of Medicine, Ciputra University, Surabaya Indonesia. Methods: The quantitative method used was in the form of analytical observations with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents consisted of 63 people, selected using simple random sampling. Data analysis used linear regression tests to determine the effect of the second variable. Results: The results showed that there was no significant effect (p= 0.052) between Online Teaching and Learning Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period on Stress in the Medical Faculty Students, Ciputra University, Surabaya, Indonesia. Students have started to become accustomed to the strategies to deal with the additional stress and its effects. Other supporting factors in the implementation of online learning are flexibility, time efficiency, low learning costs, and learning materials which can be accessed at any time with technological applications, using simple storage of learning materials. Conclusions: There was no significant influence found from the online learning on student stress.
The Role of Nutrient Intake and Social Determinants in Anemia among Pregnant Women at Lampung Malaria Endemic Areas
Authors: Angraini Dian Isti
Published: October 2023

Anemia in pregnancy is a health problem, associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality during childbirth. The study’s purpose was to determine the role of nutrient intake and social determinants on anemia in pregnancy in the Pesawaran district. This study was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design, conducted in malaria-endemic areas, Pesawaran district, Lampung, from June to Desember 2021. The sample was 75 pregnant women in second trimester, taken by purposive sampling technique. Anemia was measured by examining haemogobins, data on education, family income, age, and parity were obtained from interviews, maternal knowledge using questionnaires, and food intake using a 2x24-hour food recall questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. The results showed that anemia in pregnancy was 42,7%. Most of the pregnant women are poorly educated (50,7%), have poor knowledge (64%), sufficient income (53,3%), multiparous (68%), good age (64%), inadequate energy intake (72%), inadequate protein intake (58,7%), and inadequate iron intake (56%). The results showed that education (p=0.003), knowledge (p=0.015), income (p=0.009), parity (p=0.004), age (p=0.004), energy intake (p=0.02), protein intake (p = 0.025), and iron intake (p=0,031) has a role on anemia in pregnancy. The factors that most play a role are education, income, parity, and iron intake.
Research on Compensation for Vehicle Depreciation Losses in Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents in Sichuan Province—Analysis Based on 100 Judgements
Authors: Li Guo
Published: October 2023

In recent years, with the increase of vehicle ownership and the frequent occurrence of motor vehicle traffic accidents, more and more owners demand compensation for the depreciation of their cars. Whether the loss of vehicle depreciation should be compensated is controversial in theory and practice. The core problem of vehicle depreciation loss compensation is that there is no explicit legislation on vehicle depreciation loss, the insurance mechanism does not bear the compensation for vehicle depreciation loss and the identification of vehicle depreciation loss lacks a unified appraisal standard. The author believes that the vehicle depreciation loss is compensable both in reality and theory.
Exploration of Road Traffic Emissions and Their Impact on Air Quality in and around of Annaba City (North East Algeria)
Authors: Halimi Samia , Mizane Nour El Houda
Published: October 2023

Global climate is warming, and the effects of climate change are associated with many causes; among them are the Greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles and factories. The study of exposure to air pollution related to road traffic in Annaba’s region is based on the results of air analyses, which shows that air temperatures are frail, accompanied by a very high humidity due mainly to the presence of the sea and many bodies of water (Fetzara Lake). This can allow the accumulation of certain pollutants such as carbon monoxide and dust (contents of CO and dust exceed the WHO standards), while some pollutants are present in small to negligible quantities such as NO, NO2, and SO. The air quality of Annaba and its surroundings (El Bouni, Sidi Ammar) can be generally described as good. Nevertheless, the existence of strong pollution due to the dust is noted close to the industrial complexes specially El Hadjar.
Education of Women in Early Vedic Period
Authors: Smriti Smriti
Published: October 2023

Education in ancient India was free from any external control like that of the state or the government or any party politics. It was one of the king’s duties to see that the learned pundits pursued their studies and their duty of imparting knowledge without interference from any source whatever. So, education did not suffer from any communal interest or prejudices in India.” Said by P.N.Prabhu. In earlier times, Hindus considered education as a process of life. The education system for girls and women were favorable and available for them. In Rig Vedic Society, “child marriage did not exist” so the young girls were also able to study and education was given the utmost importance. But with time, the education system has lost its essence and quality in and after the 21st century. With some physical training, sports has also been fully removed and knowledge is forced through books and indoor teaching. This has limited the analytically thinking capacity of the youth that would help one to be more active and alert. This research work will be introducing the major missing aspects of the previous works presented in this field with some suggestions to retrieve it. • Educational status of non-Brahmin women are nowhere mentioned. • Both men and women were well trained in the military art, medicine, the science of weapons and were also trained for war-like situations. Education was only for Brahmans.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ НИТЕВИДНЫХ НАНОРАЗМЕРНЫХ КРИСТАЛЛОВ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ АВТОЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ КАТОДОВ МАГНЕТРОНОВ С БЕЗНАКАЛЬНЫМ ЗАПУСКОМ
Authors: Леденцова Н.Е. , Бычков Д.В. , Ли И.П. , Шуманов А.В. , Капустин В.И.
Published: October 2023

Запуск безнакальных магнетронов в режим генерации обусловлен током автоэлектронной эмиссии с вискеров, формирующихся на дисклокациях поверхности танталовых автокатодов в процессе активирования катодно-подогревательного узла (КПУ). При уровне тока автоэлектронной эмиссии, не достаточном для запуска магнетрона, катоды проходят дополнительную диодную тренировку, которая увеличивает временной цикл обработки лампы и включает в себя использование дополнительных производственных ресурсов. В представленной работе отражены результаты исследований влияния дефектов поверхности танталовых шайб, искусственно созданных посредством ионного и химического травления, на процессы роста нановискеров. Рассмотрена возможность использования вольфрамовых и ниобиевых шайб в качестве автокатодов для магнетронов с "холодным" катодом.
ЦМИТ КАК ЦЕНТР ПРИТЯЖЕНИЯ ТАЛАНТЛИВЫХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ И СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Ахметова А.И. , Яминский Д.И. , Советников Т.О. , Федосеев А.И. , Яминский И.В.
Published: October 2023

Отсутствие необходимых специализированных навыков и практики затрудняет процесс трудоустройства современных студентов в области высоких технологий. Здесь может потребоваться широкий спектр компетенций. В нанотехнологиях надо хорошо ориентироваться и знать свойства материалов и объектов в нанометровом масштабе. При создании высокоточных механических систем необходимо иметь опыт в работе с СAD и CAM-системами, многоосевыми обрабатывающими центрами с числовым программным управлением. Создание площадки для развития специальных компетенций по востребованным в науке и бизнесе направлениям у студентов является необходимым и безотлагательным этапом в создании успешной инновационной инфраструктуры. В МГУ имени М.В.Ломоносова такая площадка есть – это центр молодежного инновационного творчества "Нанотехнологии" на физическом факультете.
Administradores de la producción científica y gobernanza académica: análisis de un conflicto identitario
Authors: Fardella-Cisternas Carla , Espinosa-Cristia Juan-Felipe , Garrido-Wainer Juan-Manuel
Published: October 2023

La orientación gerencial de los modos de producción científica en la universidad chilena ha otorgado inédita centralidad al personal administrativo. Este personal es fundamental tanto para la implementación de las políticas públicas en educación superior y ciencia, como para el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias institucionales y procesos de gobernanza universitaria. Desde los estudios sociales del trabajo, este artículo busca comprender la construcción de la identidad laboral de trabajadores y trabajadoras que ocupan puestos de administración científica en las universidades. El análisis discursivo de 40 entrevistas activas permitió reconocer tres repertorios de narrativas identitarias: como identidad subalterna “en la sombra de los investigadores”, como identidad reposicionada en donde los académicos “hagan sus locuras, yo después los maquillo”, y finalmente como una identidad negociada donde “uno está dispuesto a transar una cosa por otra”, donde se produce una búsqueda de consenso identitario integrando valores tradicionales de universidad y empresa privada. Concluimos que la identidad y la legitimación del rol administrativo de actividad científica, son dimensiones centrales en el desempeño de la labor y para el desarrollo de la gobernanza académica.
Una década después: la reforma universitaria peruana a prueba desde la teoría económica de la regulación
Authors: Sumar Oscar , Villanueva-Begazo Andrea-Nataly
Published: October 2023

A partir de los noventa, aumentó dramáticamente el número de universidades en Perú. Esto se percibió como reñido con la calidad y llevó a una reforma —iniciada en 2012— que incluyó una prohibición de crear nuevas universidades y la estandarización de las existentes. Si bien esta reforma es percibida como positiva, creemos que es relevante analizarla. Nuestros primeros hallazgos sugieren que la reforma no tuvo una justificación económica clara, no ha tenido buenos resultados y ha sido influenciada por grupos de interés. Una futura reforma debería buscar la calidad “óptima”, pero aparejada al acceso equitativo a la educación.
Juridical Review of Standard Clauses in Car Rental Agreements Based on Good Faith Principles
Authors: Shavananda Shalsabilzahra H  , Herwastoeti  , Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Published: October 2023

Rental agreements are usually made in writing in a standardized form, namely the content, form and closing have been standardized unilaterally by the business actor. This agreement is coercive and causes losses for the lessee and even an imbalance in the position between consumers and producers. This study aims to: (1) determine the contents of the standard clauses in the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a Car whether or not they are in accordance with the principle of good faith (2) to determine the legal consequences of including the standard clause in the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a car. The type of research used in this study is empirical juridical by using data collection techniques through interviews and literature studies. The results of the study show that: (1) the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a Car is not in accordance with the principle of good faith because there is a standard clause in the form of delegation of responsibility for business actors to the detriment of one of the parties, does not reflect a sense of justice and violates the law (2 ) the legal consequence of the inclusion of a standard clause which contains the transfer of responsibility for this business actor is that the agreement is null and void and can be subject to imprisonment and fines.
Abstrak
Perjanjian sewa biasanya dilakukan secara tertulis yang sudah dalam bentuk baku yaitu isi, bentuk serta penutupannya telah dibakukan secara sepihak oleh pelaku usaha. Perjanjian ini bersifat memaksa dan menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak penyewa bahkan terdapat ketidakseimbangan posisi antara konsumen dan produsen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui isi klausula baku pada perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car telah sesuai atau tidak dengan asas itikad baik (2) untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dari pencantuman klausula baku pada perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car tidak sesuai dengan asas itikad baik karena terdapat klausula baku berupa pelimpahan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha sehingga merugikan salah satu pihaknya, tidak mencerminkan rasa keadilan dan melanggar Undang-Undang (2) akibat hukum dari pencantuman klausula baku yang memuat pengalihan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha ini adalah perjanjian tersebut batal demi hukum dan dapat dikenai sanksi penjara dan denda.
Any consistent coupling between classical gravity and quantum matter is fundamentally irreversible
Authors: Galley Thomas D. , Giacomini Flaminia , Selby John H.
Published: October 2023

When gravity is sourced by a quantum system, there is tension between its role as the mediator of a fundamental interaction, which is expected to acquire nonclassical features, and its role in determining the properties of spacetime, which is inherently classical. Fundamentally, this tension should result in breaking one of the fundamental principles of quantum theory or general relativity, but it is usually hard to assess which one without resorting to a specific model. Here, we answer this question in a theory-independent way using General Probabilistic Theories (GPTs). We consider the interactions of the gravitational field with a single matter system, and derive a no-go theorem showing that when gravity is classical at least one of the following assumptions needs to be violated: (i) Matter degrees of freedom are described by fully non-classical degrees of freedom; (ii) Interactions between matter degrees of freedom and the gravitational field are reversible; (iii) Matter degrees of freedom back-react on the gravitational field. We argue that this implies that theories of classical gravity and quantum matter must be fundamentally irreversible, as is the case in the recent model of Oppenheim et al. Conversely if we require that the interaction between quantum matter and the gravitational field is reversible, then the gravitational field must be non-classical.
Risks to Employees’ Intellectual Property Rights Posed by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Birštonas Ramūnas
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the disruptive technologies, causing new and unforeseen social problems and uncertainty about how these problems should be solved. One such problem area is granting the status of author or inventor to AI in the area of intellectual property protection. One of the risks of giving AI this status is damage to workers’ interests. Currently, employees can benefit from statutory guarantees concerning their creative results. Such existing regulation contributes to ensuring fair remuneration for creative workers and allows them to participate in the commercial success of their creative activities. The development of AI and related regulatory changes may undermine employee guarantees. The article distinguishes and analyses four scenarios – not protecting objects created by AI, granting rights to AI, allocating rights to the employer, or granting them to the employee. The consequences of each choice are evaluated from the point of view of the interests of the employees.
First Century of the Satversme: Constitutional Development and Perspectives
Authors: Balodis Ringolds , Pleps Jānis
Published: October 2023

The centenary of the Satversme – the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia – in 2022 was an important event for the State of Latvia. The Satversme is one of the oldest valid constitutions in Europe. Its fate is unique, making Latvia interesting in the context of comparative constitutional law.The authors of this article have examined the creation and evolution of the Satversme in the course of the last century, as well as analysed the current changes to the system of the Latvian State. Re-examining the instruments of direct democracy (referendum and legislative initiative), by expanding participation of the totality of Latvia’s citizens in public administration, has been outlined as a direction requiring improvements, likewise, “parliamentary weakness”, leading to judicial activism, is examined and leads to reflections on the need to increase the role of the President in the area of separation of powers, as well as control over the parliament and the executive power.
The Concept of Loyalty in Legal Regulation in the Republic of Latvia: Current Situation and Challenges
Authors: Treļs Ēriks , Mihailovs Ivans Jānis
Published: October 2023

This publication analyses the concept of loyalty in legal regulation of the Republic of Latvia. The requirement for loyalty is included in several regulatory acts that determine professional standards and requirements for admission to public service or employment. The aim of the paper is to analyse the concept of loyalty in legal regulation and the practice of its application, to identify possible problems, and to propose solutions. The authors have conducted a study using the methods of interpreting the rules of law adopted in legal science. Grammatical, historical, comparative, teleological method and general research methods were used, such as comparison and summarization, causal relationship detection, analysis, and synthesis. Within the framework of the paper, several conclusions are made and proposals are offered for strengthening the requirement of loyalty to the Latvian state in the regulatory framework.
Substansi Kebolehan Poligami dan Relevansinya dengan Perundang-Undangan Perkawinan Indonesia
Authors: Izzati Najmia Nur
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang substansi kebolehan poligami dan relevansi terhadap undang-undang perkawinan Indonesia. Poligami telah ada pada zaman jahiliyyah hingga saat ini. Islam tidak melarang dan menganjurkan poligami, tetapi Islam datang untuk mengatur dan membatasi aturan poligami. Substansi poligami dapat dilihat dari konteks atau nash poligami serta historisitas Arab pada masa jahiliyyah. Secara kontekstual nash, poligami diperbolehkan bagi wanita janda dan anak yatim dengan batasan empat orang isteri dengan syarat berlaku adil. Ayat ini diturunkan karena banyak kaum muslim yang gugur saat peperangan uhud yang berdampak pada tingginya jumlah janda dan anak yatim yang ditinggal wafat dengan kondisi yang memprihatinkan dalam segi ekonomi, sosial dan pendidikan. Selain itu dalam historisitas tradisi arab pada masa jahiliyyah juga menganggap bahwa menikahi banyak perempuan merupakan harta kekayaan yang dimilki. Maka dengan tanggapan tersebut wanita diibaratkan seperti binatang dan barang yang layak diperjualbelikan tanpa memperdulikan hak-hak seorang wanita. Dasar Hukum poligami dalam Islam QS. An-Nisa: 3 yang mengedepankan asas keadilan dan kemaslahatan dalam kondisi darurat. Relevansi ketentuan berpoligami dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan No.1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam memang belum sepenuhnya sejalan dengan substansi atau nash kebolehan poligami dalam Islam tetapi sudah mengarah pada dasar QS. An-Nisa: (3) dengan prinsip keadilan, menciptakan kemaslahatan dan mencegah kerusakan. Alasan kebolehan poligami yaitu dengan jumlah wanita yang lebih banyak dari pria dan jika monogamy terus dipertahankan maka akan muncul banyak praktek pelacuran.
Perceraian Nikah Di Bawah Tangan Dalam Perspektif Keadilan Gender (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Amuntai Tengah, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan)
Authors: Mukhlisshah St.
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini merupakan penelitian tentang perceraian nikah di bawah tangan berdasarkan perspektif keadilan gender. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana persoalan perceraian dari nikah di bawah tangan yang terjadi pada masyarakat di Kecamatan Amuntai Tengah, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan sesuai dengan perspektif keadilan gender. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam (case study) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceraian dari nikah di bawah tangan dalam hukum Islam tetap sah. Sedangkan dalam hukum positif tidak sah, karena tidak dilakukan di hadapan pengadilan, meskipun sesuai dengan semua rukun dan syarat dalam Islam. Dalam perspektif keadilan gender, kasus perceraian dari nikah di bawah tangan yang terjadi pada masyarakat tersebut tetap lebih banyak memberikan kerugian bagi pihak istri dan anak, namun pada sisi lain bisa juga menjadi solusi, khususnya dalam kasus poligami, apalagi untuk pihak laki-laki tidak ada kerugian yang didapatkan. Sehingga pemberlakuan Konvensi CEDAW masih kurang efektif di masyarakat, karena melihat masih banyak terjadi diskriminasi terhadap perempuan.
Trend Ajakan Nikah Muda Ditinjau dalam Aspek Positif dan Negatif
Authors: Lutfiani Tsani Wifa
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang tren nikah muda dikalangan anak mudadewasa ini. Ajakan nikah muda kerapkali menjadi isu yang laris dijual di sosial media. Nikah muda menjadi sangat rapih dengan balutan agama. Tren nikah mudah ini juga didapatkan dari beberapa public figure yang melakukan nikah di usia muda memberikan iklan kepada masyarakat akan kesuksesan pernikahan pada usia muda. Undang-undang perkawinan No.1 Tahun 1974 baru ini melakukan pembaharuan terhadap usia pernikahan, batas usia perkawinan pria dan wanita menjadi 19 tahun. Disatu sisi, perkembangan zaman dan pergaulan menjadi pendukung terjadinya nikah muda
Implikasi Praktik Batas Usia Minimal Perkawinan
Authors: Barkah Qodariah , Wulandari Alvenny
Published: October 2023

Perubahan batas usia minimal perkawinan di Indonesia berdasarkan Putusan MK Nomor 22/PUU-XV/2017 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan. Dari perubahan batas usia perkawinan yang semula pernikahan yang terjadi di usia 16 tahun sampai dengan usia 18 tahun bukan merupakan pernikahan dibawah umur untuk perempuan, namun setelah diberlakukannya Undang-Undang tersebut pernikahan di usia 18 tahun termasuk dalam kategori pernikahan dibawah umur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah regulasi Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 mengenai mengenai batas usia minimal perkawinan sudah diterapkan dan untuk mengetahui implikasi yang ditimbulkan setelah berlakunya undang-undang tersebut. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Merapi Kabupaten Lahat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pertama, praktik batas usia minimal perkawinan di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Merapi Kabupaten Lahat sudah sesuai dengan undang-undang perkawinan. Kedua, implikasi dari praktik batas usia minimal perkawinan berdasarkan Undang- Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Merapi Kabupaten Lahat adalah semakin meningkatnya jumlah pasangan yang menikah dibawah umur dengan memiliki dispensasi perkawinan dibandingkan sebelum berlakunya peraturan tersebut.