bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF COMPETITION ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MAIZE AND WEED EXPOSED TO WATER DEFICIENCY
Authors: FREITAS CLAUDIA DAIANNY MELO , OLIVEIRA FERNANDO SARMENTO DE , MESQUITA HÉLIDA CAMPOS DE , CORTEZ ALANNA OLIVEIRA , PORTO MARIA ALICE FORMIGA , SILVA DANIEL VALADÃO
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The ability of plants to adapt to water deficient conditions in soil is directly related to the competitive ability of each species. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of water deficiency and interspecific competition on the growth components of maize (Zea mays), brachiaria (Urochloa decumbens), and hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with eight replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial design, with the first factor corresponding to the different competitive arrangements among species (maize + U. decumbens, maize + B. pilosa, maize without competition, U. decumbens without competition, and B. pilosa without competition). The second factor constituted two water regimes (daily irrigation and water deficit). The soil water deficient condition strongly decreased maize plant growth; however, it had little or no effect on the growth of weeds U. decumbens and B. pilosa. Interspecific competition decreased the growth of maize plants and U. decumbens, and intensified the negative effects of water deficiency on these species. Interspecific competition and water deficiency also decreased the N, P, and K content in maize plants, which contributed to the effects on plant growth. U. decumbens was more competitive with maize compared to B. pilosa.
SOLUBLE PROTEIN AS INDICATIVE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS
Authors: MATHIAS VANDERLÉIA , COELHO CILEIDE MARIA MEDEIROS , GARCIA JAQUELINI
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT After physiological maturity, the seed is physiologically independent of the plant, and responds to climatic variations that can decrease its vigor, which is dependent on the cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate the vigor of soybean cultivars and identify the biochemical components that have the greatest contribution to the maintenance of the physiological quality of the seeds after physiological maturity. The experiment was conducted in Fraiburgo, SC, Brazil, during the 2015/2016 crop season, using four soybean cultivars NA 5909 RG, BMX Ativa RR, BMX VanguardaIPRO, and NS 5959 IPRO. The seed physiological quality and the biochemical composition were evaluated at the phenological stages R7, R7+5 days, R7+10 days (R8), and R7+20 days. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F test) and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.01). The seed biochemical composition and physiological quality were correlated using multivariate statistics. The germination of the seeds decreased 6% after physiological maturity up to R7+20 days. This decrease in vigor was dependent on the cultivar; NA 5909 RG decreased 3%, and BMX Ativa RR and NS 5959 IPRO decreased 7%. The biochemical components soluble protein, phytate, soluble sugar, and lipids decreased as a function of the harvest times, indicating the beginning of the process of seed quality loss. The maintenance of seed vigor after physiological maturity was dependent on the cultivar. The soluble protein content can be used as an indicator of the maintenance of physiological quality of soybean seeds after R7.
IRRIGAMETER USE FOR ESTIMATING CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: GONÇALVES LORENA JÚLIO , TAGLIAFERRE CRISTIANO , CASTRO FILHO MANOEL NELSON DE , GUIMARÃES DIOGO ULISSES GOMES , ROCHA FELIZARDO ADENILSON
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT In the face of climatic adversities associated with water lacking for irrigation, crop cultivation in greenhouses in Brazil has increased significantly, thereby demanding research that makes it possible to estimate crop water demand when grown in these environments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Irrigameters to estimate the evapotranspiration of cowpea grown in protected environment. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Southwest of Bahia (UESB) under protected environment and the cowpea variety used was BRS Guariba. For this study, two Irrigameters were installed for the direct estimation of the daily crop evapotranspiration. Likewise, with the use of an automatic weather, the meteorological data were collected and the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was estimated using the Kc values recommended for different phases of the crop. The data collected by the Irrigameter were compared with the data estimated by the Penman-Monteith method, as well as with Radiation and Blaney Criddle methods at one-, two- and three-day intervals. The results show that all the methods were efficient and accurate at estimating ETc at all studied intervals.
SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOIL IN COCOA FARMING IN RECÔNCAVO BAIANO
Authors: SILVA GERLANGE SOARES DA , SILVA JUCICLÉIA SOARES DA , PEREIRA FRANCISCO ADRIANO DE CARVALHO , SANTANA RODRIGO ALMEIDA , FIRMO RAFAEL SILVA , LOPES SOBRINHO OSWALDO PALMA
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Irrigated cocoa cultivation opened the way for production in Coastal Tablelands soils. However, in this region, the cohesive layer formed near the surface can be a limiting factor for production. The knowledge of physical soil water attributes enables the efficient irrigation management of cohesive soils. This study characterized and modeled the spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K0) in a Distrocoeso Oxisoil of the Recôncavo Baiano Coastal Tablelands. The soil sampling was performed as undeformed structures from 50 spaced points in an 8.0 to 8.0 m area, at three different depths in the experimental area of the Federal University of Bahia Recôncavo in the Cruz das Almas-BA cultivated with cocoa (‘CCN 51’). In the laboratory, K0 was determined by permeameter method constant load, and the pore size distribution was determined using the voltage table and the soil density (Ds). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistics. On average, the K0 values were 40.41, 26.49, and 37.82 mm-1 h-1 at the depths from 0.0-0.15 m, 0.15-0.30, and 0.30-0.45 m. The Gaussian model was the best fit to the K0 data set. For soil class, the K0 showed a strong spatial dependence due to their relationship with the physical properties of the soil, its use, and handling. Since an important attribute for the delimitation of homogeneous areas for specific site management purposes as well be considered.
BEHAVIOR OF PANTANEIRA AND GIROLANDO HEIFERS REARED ON PASTURES IN THE FOUR SEASONS OF THE YEAR
Authors: LIMA PEDRO GUSTAVO LOESIA , OLIVEIRA MARCUS VINICIUS MORAIS DE , SANTOS MARCIO GREGÓRIO ROJAS DOS , SILVA KHEYCIANE VIANA DA , SOARES VITÓRIA
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate feeding and physiological dynamics of Pantaneira and Girolando heifers reared on pasture and their preference for three types of natural shadows. Fourteen animals, seven of each breed, with mean weight of 328 kg (Pantaneira) and 430 kg (Girolando) were used. The pasture consisted of Panicum maximum; the animals' behavior in open areas and under treetops (Anadenanthera colubrina; Terminalia argentea, and Mangifera indica) was evaluated. Two 24-hour observations were performed per station, totaling 192 hours of data collection. The experimental design was completely randomized, using 4×2×3 (station × breed × canopy) and 4×2 (station and breed) factorial arrangements, with 7 replications. M. indica was the preferred tree species by both breeds in all seasons; Girolando animals remained longer under the canopy of these trees during winter and spring. Feeding dynamics of the two breeds was similar, with a seasonal effect on the standing rumination (SR) variables and social interaction, with Girolando spending more SR time in the spring (230.0 min) and less interaction in the summer (53.57min). Girolando animals searched for water more often during summer. No statistical differences or interactions between factors were found for urination and defecation of the animals, except for defecation in the summer period, which was higher than in the other seasons.
INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS
Authors: SÁ FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA , SOUTO LAUTER SILVA , PAIVA EMANOELA PEREIRA DE , TORRES SALVADOR BARROS , OLIVEIRA FERNANDA ANDRADE DE
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.
Atributos florísticos e ecológicos de formações arbustivas da Restinga em área-chave para conservação da biodiversidade, Guarapari, ES, Brasil
Authors: Kuster Vinícius Coelho , Possatti Lucélia , Marbach Phellippe Arthur Santos , Martins Márcio Lacerda Lopes
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O lençol freático vem assumindo papel de destaque nos últimos anos nos estudos sobre a estrutura das comunidades vegetais na Restinga, o que nos levou a comparar a estrutura florística e fitossociológica entre formações arbustivas abertas inundáveis e não inundáveis. Levantamento florístico e método do intercepto de linha foram realizados em ambas as fitofisionomias. Para a análise fitossociológica foram instaladas duas parcelas de 20 × 150 m em cada fitofisionomia, subdivididas em cinco subparcelas de 20 × 30 m. Foram amostradas 147 moitas, sendo 49 da formação inundável e 98 da não inundável, representando, respectivamente, 210,78 m2 e 30,45 m2 de área média. A formação inundável apresentou média de 4,9 moitas por subparcela, enquanto a área não inundável 9,8. Foram encontradas 100 espécies para as duas fitofisionomias, distribuídas em 40 famílias, sendo 87 espécies para a área inundável e 68 para a não inundável. As famílias com maior representatividade foram Orchidaceae e Bromeliaceae. Elevada distinção florística foi encontrada entre as fitofisionomias, sugerindo que o nível lençol freático afetou a estrutura das comunidades vegetais.
Meta-topolin: an alternative for the prevention of oxidative stress in sugarcane micropropagation
Authors: Souza Lindomar Maria de , Silva Marina Medeiros de Araújo , Herculano Luciana , Ulisses Cláudia , Camara Terezinha Rangel
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The influence of two aromatic cytokinins (CKs), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and meta-topolin (mT), on in vitro propagation and redox metabolism of sugarcane (Saccharum spp., variety RB98710) was investigated. Plants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with mT (5 µmol.L-1) or BAP (5 or 6.66 µmol.L-1) for 40 days. The use of mT provided an increase in the multiplication rate and stem length of plants and shoots when compared to BAP. Shoots generated from the mT treatment presented low malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, although they had higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. Thus, the H2O2 did not act as a stress marker, but it is related to plant growth and development processes.
A new epilithic stream species in Northeastern Brazil: Arnoldiella elbakyaniae (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta)
Authors: Auricchio Marina Ramos , Peres Cleto Kaveski
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Arnoldiella elbakyaniae sp. nov. is described based on epilithic material collected in a cascade of a stream in Northeastern Brazil, Piauí State. The stream belongs to the Parnaíba river basin, which encompasses one of the most poorly sampled regions in the country. We also propose here the combination of Basicladia emedii C.K. Peres & C.C.Z. Branco into Arnoldiella emedii comb. nov., following the new arrangement proposed for the group. Arnoldiella elbakyaniae can be recognized by the heterotrichous thallus with short erect, unbranched or sparsely branched filaments, and by the short and enlarged basal cells of the erect system. The new species differs from A. emedii by its shorter basal cells, the narrower and cylindrical axis cells, and the zoosporangia in terminal chains.
An updated synopsis of Astraea Klotzsch (Crotoneae, Euphorbiaceae) for the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Silva Otávio Luis Marques da , Caruzo Maria Beatriz Rossi , Cordeiro Inês
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Euphorbiaceae is one of the richest families in the State of São Paulo, with 37 genera and around 150 species. A synopsis of Astraea was published as part of the treatment for the tribe Crotoneae, but recent taxonomic and systematic advances have brought a more refined knowledge about the genus, especially for the widespread Astraea lobata. This species had its morphological delimitation poorly defined until very recently and, as a result, about five species were distinguished based on morphological characters. In this work, we update the synopsis of Astraea as part of the taxonomic revision of the genus and studies on Euphorbiaceae for the Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo project. We present an identification key, photographs of diagnostic characters, and an updated distribution map for the five species of Astraea found in São Paulo, along with a list of specimens for the state.
Sample size for the estimation of Pearson’s linear correlation in crotalaria species
Authors: Toebe Marcos , Machado Letícia Nunes , Tartaglia Francieli de Lima , Carvalho Juliana Oliveira de , Bandeira Cirineu Tolfo , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the necessary sample size to estimate Pearson’s linear correlation coefficients of four species of crotalaria at precision levels. The experiment was carried out with Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria breviflora, and Crotalaria ochroleuca, during the 2014/2015 crop year. Eight crotalaria traits were evaluated in 1,000 randomly collected pods per species. For each species, the correlation coefficients were estimated for the 28 pairs of traits, and the sample size necessary to estimate the correlation coefficients was determined at four precision levels [0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 amplitudes of the 95% (CI95%) confidence interval] by resampling with replacement. The sample size varies between crotalaria species and, especially, between pairs of traits, as a function of the magnitude of the correlation coefficient. At a certain precision level, the smallest sample size is required to estimate the correlation coefficients between highly correlated traits and vice-versa. To estimate the correlation coefficients with CI95% of 0.20, 10 to 440 pods are required, depending on the species, pairs of traits, and magnitude of the correlation coefficient.
Repercussão da política nacional de educação especial no Espírito Santo nos últimos dez anos
Authors: Almeida Mariangela Lima de , Melo Douglas Christian Ferrari de , França Marileide Gonçalves
Published: October 2019

Resumo Este texto objetiva refletir acerca da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva Inclusiva, suas implicações nas políticas públicas e ações voltadas aos alunos da educação especial, a partir do contexto do Espírito Santo (ES). Focaliza as dimensões da política, da oferta e da gestão no período de 2008 a 2018. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com o propósito inicial de historicizar a educação especial no estado, por meio da consulta a leis, resoluções, decretos e outros documentos, entrecruzados com os relatos dos gestores públicos de educação especial, na busca por captar as implicações da política nacional nas ações voltadas a essa população no ES. Por último, o estudo problematiza a trajetória da matrícula nas redes de ensino por meio de análise de matrículas do censo escolar relativas à educação especial. A análise aponta que as políticas de educação especial, no Brasil e no ES, são resultado de disputas, negociações e correlações de forças políticas de diferentes grupos sociais no âmbito do estado. Nesse sentido, revelam nuances e contradições, pois, ao mesmo tempo que asseguram a inclusão dos alunos da educação especial no ensino regular, também estabelecem apoio técnico e financeiro às instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos com atuação em educação especial.
Política pública, Educação Especial e escolarização no Brasil
Authors: Baptista Claudio Roberto
Published: October 2019

Resumo O texto tem como objetivo a análise da escolarização das pessoas com deficiência no Brasil, considerando prioritariamente o período 2008 a 2018, em função de uma política pública que assume a inclusão escolar como diretriz para a ação nos diferentes espaços da gestão educacional. A Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva de 2008 é compreendida como parte de um momento histórico que aproxima as iniciativas e as diretrizes brasileiras de proposições internacionais que anunciam uma ressignificação do conceito de deficiência – afirmação da perspectiva social -, assim como indicam um novo desenho institucional para a garantia do direito à educação. Quem são os atores sociais com papel preponderante nesse processo? Quais são as principais conquistas e os principais desafios? Como analisar as possibilidades de reconfiguração em termos de dispositivos pedagógicos e de espaços educativos? Tais interrogações integram o estudo de natureza qualitativa, realizado com base na análise documental, que considera o plano normativo e a revisão de literatura especializada. A análise indica que houve ampliação das matrículas de alunos com deficiência no ensino comum e a aprovação de elevado número de dispositivos normativos sobre a temática. Houve também a instituição de programas dirigidos a formas variadas de apoio especializado, mostrando um deslocamento do lócus destinado à escolarização desses alunos, com prioridade para o ensino comum. Apesar disso, coexistem tendências que reafirmam e que contradizem a perspectiva proposta pelas diretrizes analisadas, principalmente quando são consideradas as dimensões qualitativas dos processos formativos.
Santa Teresa e os fundadores: iconologia da pintura de João de Deus e Sepúlveda na Igreja da Ordem Terceira Carmelita do Recife (Séc. XVIII)
Authors: Honor André Cabral
Published: October 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo realiza uma abordagem iconológica da pintura setecentista “Jesus consola Santa Teresa falando sobre os santos fundadores de ordens”, de autoria do pintor pernambucano João de Deus e Sepúlveda, na Igreja da Ordem Terceira do Carmo do Recife. Utilizou-se como ferramenta metodológica a iconologia de Erwin Panofsky renovada pelos estudos de Rafael García Mahíques baseando-se na intertextualidade da iconografia como proposto por Omar Calabrese. Utilizando-se de conceitos contemporâneos à feitura da imagem, como decoro, engenho e maravilha, buscou-se compreender o painel em seu contexto de produção, percebendo-o como uma construção sociocultural, parte de uma intrincada composição em que os terceiros buscavam exercer e expandir o seu poder simbólico.
The Age of Migration Crisis
Authors: Guizardi Menara Lube
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The article analyzes the historical changes in the formulation of migration policies between the 19th and 21st centuries, summarizing the emergency of an “age of migration crisis”. The first section discusses why international migration poses a destabilizing problem for the Nation-state political conceptions. The second section emphasizes the intrinsic articulation of the global changes in human mobility and their political governance between the 19th and 20th centuries, identifying the four prevailing political paradigms on migrant cultural diversity that shaped public policies in the 20th century. The third and fourth sections deal with the emergence of the fifth cycle of international migration policies, which is characterized by the generalization of a global discourse that criminalizes migrants and refugees. The above will be followed by a critical perspective of the way migration has been treated in some Latin American countries.
El Federalismo y Estados Unidos en el pensamiento de Valentín Gómez Farías: convicciones y suspicacias
Authors: Dupré Eduardo Andrés Hodge
Published: October 2019

Resumen: El artículo analiza la imagen de Estados Unidos y su sistema federal en el pensamiento del doctor Valentín Gómez Farías, uno de los liberales mexicanos más importantes de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. No sólo gobernó al país en algunas ocasiones, sino también participó en la redacción de las Constituciones federales de 1824 y 1857. La mayoría de los especialistas coincide en que Gómez Farías era un férreo opositor al vecino país, cuestión que es cierta si se considera que él mismo había visto cómo Estados Unidos había impulsado la independencia de Texas en 1836 y usurpado California y otros territorios después de la guerra de 1847. Lo que este trabajo postula es que, a pesar de sus suspicacias, Gómez Farías admiraba profundamente el sistema político norteamericano, a tal punto que deseaba replicarlo en México.
Erguendo barreiras contra o irracionalismo: História das Ciências e diagnóstico da atualidade em Gaston Bachelard
Authors: Almeida Tiago Santos
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Desde Nietzsche, a tarefa da filosofia tem sido a de fazer diagnósticos da atualidade. Neste artigo, mostraremos como Gaston Bachelard articulou, via Nietzsche, essa preocupação com o presente - típica da filosofia moderna - em sua reflexão sobre a teoria e o método da História das Ciências. Em outras palavras, mostraremos como, na obra de Bachelard, o diagnóstico da atualidade se tornou uma tarefa filosófica dos historiadores.
Toehold testing/ PURE system protein production v1
Authors: Qian Junyan
Published: October 2019

Our Toehold switches are tested using NEB PURExpress and OnePot PURE system (our own cell-free protein expression system, search OnePot for detailed protocols). Our goal is to define a concentration of Toehold switch and trigger DNA sequence which has a high protein (sfGFP in our case )expression but low or no leakage at same time.
pIgNAT vector v1
Authors: Wheeler Glen , Highfield Andrea , Stern Rowena
Published: October 2019

pIgNAT vector contains nourseothricin-resistance gene (NAT) codon-optimised for expression in Isochrysis galbana, flanked by promoter/terminator from E. huxleyi HSP70.
Characterization of two thermophilic cellulases from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 and their synergistic action on cellulose hydrolysis v1
Authors: Gu Yuan , Zheng Fei , Wang Yuan , Su Xiaoyun , Bai Yingguo , Yao Bin , Huang Huoqing , Luo Huiying
Published: October 2019

The genes of two Thermophilic cellulases (TlCel5A and TlCel6A) belonging to GH5 and GH6 respectively were obtained fromTalaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 and proteins of them were expressed in Pichia pastoris. The properties of the cellulases were investigated by determining their optimal temperature, optimal pH, temperature stability, pH stability, and kinetic parameters. Through the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides analysis, the effect of two cellulases (TlCel5A and TlCel6A) on oligosaccharides can be known. Then, under the optimal conditions, the synergistic effect between two cellulases (TlCel5A and TlCel6A) mixed in different ratios was determined.
Treatment-free remission in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: literature review
Authors: Petrova A. N. , Chelysheva E. Yu. , Turkina A. G.
Published: October 2019

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have radically changed the course of chronic myeloid leukemia, significantly increasing survival and reducing the risk of disease progression. Nearly 50–70 % of patients achieve a consistently low or undetectable level of minimal residual disease – a deep molecular response. The long-term tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment in about one-third of patients is accompanied by toxicity which impairs the quality of life. Therefore, the safe treatment discontinuation is relevant. The results of clinical trials have shown 40-60% possibility of maintaining treatment-free remission in patients with long-term deep molecular respons; however, all patients with molecular relapse regain molecular remission after the resumption of tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy. Currently, clinical and biological factors associated with maintaining treatment-free remission are being studied. It is assumed that cessation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy can improve the quality of life, but approximately 30 % of patients are reporting musculoskeletal pain – so called “withdrawal syndrome” – that begins or worsens after stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy. The mechanisms for the development of this phenomenon are currently unclear. Thus, many aspects concerning treatment-free remission require to be studied, which determines the importance of clinical trials in this area.
Infectious complications caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in patients with hematological disorders
Authors: Tandilova K. S. , Klyasova G. A.
Published: October 2019

Mortality rates approaching 60 % have been reported in hematological patients with infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. The incidence of these infections is rapidly increasing, whereas the therapeutic options are limited. This review represents characteristics of infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in patients with hematological disorders, highlights risk factors and management options of these infections.
DAVRANIŞ DENEYLERİNİN SOSYAL ANKSİYETEDE KULLANILMASI
Authors: Tanyıl Halil , Bekiroğulları Zafer
Published: October 2019

Dünya çapında görülme oranı en yüksek psikolojik
sıkıntılardan biri olarak sosyal anksiyete karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Sosyal anksiyete
kişinin olası maruz kalacağı ve başkaları tarafından gözlemlenebileceği, bir
veya birden fazla sosyal ortam hakkında duyduğu belirgin korku ve endişe
şeklinde tanımlanabilmektedir. Bu bireyler sosyal ortamlara maruz kaldığında
yüksek seviyede stres hissederler ve sonucunda ise sosyal ortamlardan
kaçınırlar. Bu kaçınma davranışı sonucunda ise daha düşük sosyo-ekonomik statü
ve partner bulamama gibi risklerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Sosyal anksiyetenin
tedavisinde bilişsel davranışçı terapinin etkinliği yapılan araştırmalar ile
ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışma bilişsel darvanışçı terapi yaklaşımını
kullanarak  uygulanacak olan davranış
deneyi ile deneylerin etkinliğine katkı koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda 22
yaşında kadın bir üniversite öğrencisi ile sekiz seans gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Terapi sürecinin etkinliği danışandan alınan bilgiler ve uygulanan Liebowitz
Sosyal Kaygı ölçeğinden elde edilen bilgiler ile ölçülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın
sonucunda danışandan ve ölçekten elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda danışanın
sosyal ortamlarda daha rahat iletişim kurabildiği, güvenlik sağlama
davranışlarını kullanmadığı ve olumsuz otomatik düşüncelere meydan okuyarak
alternatif ve işlevsel düşüncelere yönelebildiği gözlemlenmiştir.
KOÇLUK EĞİTİMİ BİR GELİŞİM ARACI MI, POTANSİYEL BİR İŞ Mİ?
Authors: TOKER İşıl , KILIÇ Kemal Can
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, uluslararası bir koçluk federasyonundan akredite olmuş, en az 60 saatlik bir profesyonel koçluk eğitimine katılan kişilerin, koçluğu işe dönüştürme ile ilgili girişimcilik tutumu (girişimcilik niyeti) ve pozitif psikolojik sermaye algısı araştırılarak, bu değişkenlerin koçlukla ilgili girişimcilik eğilimine etkisi olup olmadığı ortaya çıkartılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle girişimcilik ile ilişkilendirilen kişilik özellikleri değerlendirilerek keşifsel bir ön çalışma yapılmıştır. Ön çalışmada Adana ilinde eğitime katılmış olan 10 kişi (profesyonel koç) ile derinlemesine mülakat yapılmış, çalışmanın yapılandırılabilmesi için konu ile ilgili kapsamlı bilgi edinilmiştir. Çalışmanın devamında, Adana bölgesinde yer alan 53 profesyonel koç ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Eğitim katılımcılarının sınırlı sayıda olması nedeniyle, ulaşılabilen tüm katılımcılar ankete dâhil edilmiştir. Bu anket çalışması sonucunda, koçluğu işe dönüştürme ile ilgili girişimcilik tutumu ve pozitif psikolojik sermaye algısının, koçlukla ilgili girişimcilik eğilimini pozitif ve anlamlı bir şekilde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın devamında yapılması planlanan ikinci çalışmada ise, koçluğu işe dönüştürmeyi etkileyen diğer öncül ve aracı olabilecek faktörlerin araştırılması hedeflenmektedir.﻿
Study of indications, complications and outcomes of neonatal transport by a skilled team
Authors: Mohan Karthik Ram , Kumar Rajesh
Published: October 2019

Background: A skilled transport team is an essential requirement for safe and effective neonatal transport. The transport team of this level III NICU in Chennai performs a considerable number of transports every year and a need was felt to study the indications, complications and outcomes of transport.Methods: Prospective Descriptive study of neonatal transports conducted 18 months Patients were divided into 2 main groups based on transport Duration: Short (≤1hr) and Long (>1hr) transport groups. TRIPS (Transport risk index of physiologic stability) score, a risk- weighted validated neonatal transport was used as a practical system for assessing infant transport careResults: During the study period 210 transports were performed from 12 cities and towns. 60% transports were of short duration. Respiratory causes were the most common indications (43.8%) followed by CNS causes (19.5%). 44.3%(93) patients required ventilation during the transport process. Overall, there was improvement in mean TRIPS 2 score compared to TRIPS 1 in all groups of patients (Short, Prolonged, Survivors and Non-survivors). Total mortality of transported group was 31 patients (14.8%). (Including 02 patients who died enroute). There were non-significant differences in 7 day mortality (7.6% vs 8.4%) and total mortality (13.9% vs 13.4%) between the groups. Complications that occurred during transport included hyperglycemia, prolonged CFT, hypothermia, accidental extubation enroute, hypoglycemia, hyperthermia, Hypotension, and persistent Hypoxia.Conclusions: It appears, that overall, duration of transport does not adversely affect outcome. Transport Team should be able to intubate and ventilate the baby and diagnose and manage complications like hypothermia, shock and hypoglycemia at referring hospital and enroute.
Audit of neonatal congenital anomalies required surgical intervention at tertiary care centre
Authors: Uplonkar Vinod , Shinde Nandkishor , Kumar Vikas
Published: October 2019

Background: Nearly 10% of neonatal deaths are due to congenital malformations requiring surgical intervention. Hence our aim is to study spectrum and outcome of the different neonatal congenital anomalies requiring surgical intervention.Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years. 130 cases which required surgical intervention in neonatal period were included in the study. Plain x-ray abdomen was done in all the cases of our study. Ultrasound scan was done in all the cases to rule out renal and other anomalies. Contrast radiography was also performed in selected cases. All cases underwent their respective operations depending upon the diagnoses. Complication and mortalities during hospital stay were noted.Results: During the study period total 130 neonates underwent surgical intervention. Out of 130 cases 5(3.84%) neonates had trachea-esophageal fistula, 2(1.53%) had pure esophageal atresia, 5(3.84%) had duodenal atresia, 9(6.92%) had jejunal atresia, 14(10.76%) had ileal atresia, 3 had meconium ileus(2.30%), 9(6.92%) had malrotation, 15(11.5%) had HD and 5(3.84%) had Meckel's diverticulum, 10(7.69%) had Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis, 2(1.53%) had gastroschisis, 3(2.30%) had omphalocele, 16(12.30%) had anorectal malformation, 4(3.07%) had Patent Vitello Intestinal Duct, 3(2.30%) had persistent patent urachus, 4(3.07%) had congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 1(0.76%) had Congenital Lobar Emphysema, 4(3.07%) had Neural Tube Defects, 8(6.15%) had Inguinal Hernia, 6(4.61%) had Posterior Urethral Valve and 2(1.53%) had Pelvi-ureteric Junction Obstruction. There were 85 males and 45 females (M: F-2:1). Septicaemia (40%) was most common complication, 21 (16.15%) cases had mortality.Conclusions: There is lack of awareness regarding dog bite and its management among the rural population.
Clinical and epidemiological profile of cleft lip/ palate deformities in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Prabakaran S.
Published: October 2019

Background: Cleft lip and palate deformities are commonly detected at the time of birth in most of the developing countries like India. The surgical management of cleft lip/ palate deformities involve multi-disciplinary approach with corrective measures from dental surgeon, plastic surgeon, speech pathologist and audiologist. The role of pediatricians in clinical management of cleft lip is often missed. This study was done to evaluate the clinical profile of cleft lip and palate deformities.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 1077 patients diagnosed with cleft lip or cleft palate deformity for a period of 5 years between 2014 and 2019. A structured patient information schedule was prepared and data regarding the age, gender, antenatal details and parental history were recorded. A detailed clinical examination was carried out to evaluate the presence of complete and incomplete deformity in the lip, alveolus, hard palate and soft palate.Results: Complete cleft lip was present in 47.8% of the participants on the left side while on the right, complete cleft lip was present in 29.4% of the participants. Complete deformity of the alveolus on the left side was present in 45.4% of the participants while complete deformity on the right side of alveolus was present in 27.4% of the participants.Conclusions: It is important the pediatricians sensitize the parents regarding the clinical and supportive management and also initiate the surgical correction of this deformity with help of a multidisciplinary team.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in general paediatric population - associated factors and screening by Ultrasonography
Authors: L. Mounica , T. Nair Bindu , Piyush Dhagat
Published: October 2019

Background: Ultrasonography(USG) is an easily available and non-invasive method for screening the general paediatric population for prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Paediatric Out Patient Department on 100 randomly selected children of school going age group (5-15 years). A detailed history regarding diet and lifestyle, anthropometric measurements of the children like height, weight , BMI and waist – hip ratio and blood pressure was correlated with USG of general paediatric population.Results: There were 4 cases of NAFLD of which one case was of normal weight. The study shows that the mean weight of normal population was 33.36 kgs. while the mean weight of children with fatty liver was 56.38 kgs. The mean value of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in normal population is 98.46 mmHg and 57.48 mmHg respectively while in that of children with NAFLD, it was 119.00 mmHg and 78.50 mmHg respectively. Among the dietary factors, increased intake of non-veg food, fast food, soft drinks and decreased intake of eggs and fish food is seen in children with NAFLD. Children with decreased physical activity also showed to have increased NAFLD.Conclusions: As NAFLD is seen even in children with normal weight, all children of general pediatric population can be screened for NAFLD by an easily available and non-invasive method like USG for an early intervention to prevent morbidity associated with NAFLD.
Study of clincial profile and outcome of Klebsiella sepsis in neonates at a tertiary care centre
Authors: N. Sharath Chandra , Sajjid Mohamed , N. Kamalrathnam C. , V. Prakash
Published: October 2019

Background: Objective of the study is to study clinical profile and outcome of Klebsiella sepsis in neonates.Methods: A retrospective observational study from January 2018 to Sep 2018. After getting approval of institute ethics committee, admitted neonates whose blood culture showed Klebsiella growth were enrolled. A detailed history, birth weight, sex , age, APGAR, need for resuscitation at birth, distress at birth, ventilator support, CPAP, central line, blood products, species of Klebsiella and drug sensitivity and outcome-discharge or death were taken. Data were entered into Microsoft excel data sheet and was analyzed using SPSS 23 version software.Results: Out of the total 252 positive blood culture, 110 (43%) grew Klebsiella in blood culture. 92 cases were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 1.24:1. Mean age at admission was 1.22 days. 40 (43.5%) died and 52(56.5%) were discharged. Birth weight was 1.635±802 gm for babies who died and 2211±939 gm among discharged. Mean gestational age were 32.5 weeks in died and 34.8 weeks among discharged. Mortality was 23(57.5%) in males, low birth weight babies 23(59%), thrombocytopenia 28 (78%), invasive mode of ventilation 19(67%). By Univariate analysis, it was found that pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), premature rupture of membrane (PROM), abnormal APGAR, Birth weight, shock, invasive ventilation, DIC, inotropes, blood products, abnormal total count, thrombocytopenia, umbilical venous catheterization were factors which influenced outcome. Regression analysis identified only thrombocytopenia and umbilical venous catheterization as factors that influenced outcome in Klebsiella sepsis. Klebsiella isolated was uniformly sensitive to Meropenam.Conclusions: No single risk factor was ascertained but thrombocytopenia and umbilical venous catheterization possibly influence the outcome of Klebsiella sepsis. Mortality is high in neonates.
Development delay in children with severe acute malnutrition and its association with Vitamin B12 deficiency
Authors: Adhualia Aishvarya , Maurya Manisha , Tewari A. D.
Published: October 2019

Background: About half of the under five children are malnourished in India and so is morbidity associated with it. Malnutrition is also associated with multiple vitamin deficiency one of which is vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA, RNA and protein synthesis; and for myelination of brain during the early childhood period. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia and neurological problems. So, authors aimed to look prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and; its hematological and neurological effects in severe acute malnourished children.Methods: it was an observational case control study, in which severe acute malnourished (SAM) children aged 0- 59 months who were admitted in Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre (NRC) were enrolled. Vitamin B12 levels were estimated and levels <200 pg/ml, 200-350 pg/ml, and >350 pg/ml were considered deficient, insufficiency and sufficient. Complete blood count was done for hematological effects and; developmental assessment was done to look for neurological effects.Results: Vitamin B12 was deficient, insufficient, normal in 15(16.3%), 25 (27.5%) and 52 (56.5%) children respectively. Vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly associated with hyperpigmentation and glossitis. Infant and young child feeding practices were not associated vitamin B12 deficiency. Macrocytic anemia was found in 23.4% SAM children and macrocytosis was not significantly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.  Developmental delay was found in 55.3 % children and was not significantly associated with severe acute malnutrition. Conclusions: There is high prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency and insufficiency in children with severe acute malnourished children. Macrocytic anemia and developmental delay are not significantly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Analysis of serum lactate levels to predict in hospital mortality in critically ill children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Srigiri Trilok Rao , Manyam Partha Saradhi , Mahesh Uma , Belavadi Gangadhar
Published: October 2019

Background: The predictive significance of lactate measurement at admission for mortality in critically ill children remains uncertain. Authors  objectives was to study evaluated the predictive value of blood lactate levels at admission and determined the cut-off values for predicting in-hospital mortality in the critically ill pediatric population.Methods: A prospective observational study was done in 100 critically ill admissions to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), requiring hemodynamic/respiratory support.  The chi-square test for categorical variables performs the comparison.Results:  Out of 100 patients, 22 (22%) expired. Mortality is highest in 10-16 age (7%). In the non-survivor group, the majority of patients were diagnosed as pneumonia (7.5%). Median lactate levels in non-survivors are 4.5 at admission when compared to 2.0 in survivors (p<0.001). The mortality rates left rate in the high lactate group (73%) is more when compared to intermediate (20%) and low-level groups (7%). Blood lactate was 75% sensitive and 90% specific at the optimal cut-off value of 33.7 mg/dl. The positive likelihood ratio of predicting death is more with a high lactate level (7.5) when compared to intermediate (0.8) and low levels (0.08). Sensitivity and Specificity with elevated lactate levels is the mortality 24 hrs (89%, 92%) than at admission (75%, 90%). The AUROC values with the admission lactate level are 0.86, and after 24 hrs are 0.95.Conclusions: Blood lactate levels at admission predict mortality in critically ill children requiring hemodynamic/respiratory support.
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in neonates with birth asphyxia at tertiary care centre
Authors: Gagandeep Vijayalaxmi , S. Vidhya P.
Published: October 2019

Background: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone is an important metabolic complication of perinatal asphyxia. This study aims to study the occurrence of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone in different grades of perinatal asphyxia and to find out the correlation of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone to gestational age and birth weight in birth asphyxiated babies.Methods: It was a hospital-based cohort study. 50 neonates with different grades of asphyxia were enrolled in the study and 50 controls were taken. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone was diagnosed based on calculated plasma osmolality, serum and urine sodium, urine specific gravity and analyzed with different grades of birth asphyxia and birthweight and gestation age.Results: The occurrence of SIADH in birth asphyxiated babies was 26% and none of the babies in control group developed SIADH. The occurrence was more in the severely asphyxiated babies (53.8%), followed by moderate (30.8%) and then mildly asphyxiated babies (15.4%). Hyponatremia was seen in 26% of birth asphyxiated babies and can be used as a marker of SIADH. In relation to gestation age and birth weight there was no statistically significant correlation between SIADH and different grades of asphyxia. Mortality was high among the neonates who developed SIADH.Conclusions: The occurrence of SIADH was 26% in asphyxiated neonates and high in severe asphyxia and gestation age and birth weight beard no significant co relation.
Simple predictors to differentiate acute respiratory infections from acute asthma in children 6 months to 5 years
Authors: Manikumar Krithika , Pradeep Pooja , Somasekar R.
Published: October 2019

Background: Acute respiratory infections constitute one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in children less than five years of age in developing countries. For logistic reasons, WHO recommended case management is structured towards treatment as pneumonia in preference to acute asthma. It is warned that wheezing can occur during pneumonia and therefore, care must be taken when treating wheezing not to miss treating pneumonia with an antibiotic. Current WHO ARI CASE MANAGEMENT guidelines, in a child presenting with cough and rapid breathing, there is a predilection for over -treatment of pneumonia and under treatment of asthma.Methods: Totally 245 children were included in the study. They were classified into asthmatic and LRI prone with the help of simple predictors.Results: The combination of fever, chest indrawing and persistent tachypnoea after bronchodilator has an excellent specificity of 96.12% in predicting the presence of pulmonary infiltrate. The presence of more than two episodes of similar respiratory distress, previous H/O of nebulization and family H/O asthma, either alone or in combination may point more towards asthma as a cause of cough and respiratory distress.Conclusions: In a child presenting with cough and fast breathing with a previous similar episode, trial nebulization can be given before investigating further for pneumonia.
Syncope in children clinicoetiological correlation
Authors: Fadnis Madhura , Prabhu Shakuntala , Venkatesh Sumitra , Kulkarni Shilpa
Published: October 2019

Background: Syncope is the abrupt cessation of cerebral blood flow leading to temporary loss of consciousness. Identification of etiology is utmost important as any syncopal event may be life threatening. Aim was to correlate the clinical and etiological causes of syncope in children and to note their investigational profile.Methods: Among 40 patients presenting with syncope and presyncope were studied. History of the event, precipitating factors were noted. They were investigated with the help of blood pressure, Electrocardiogram (ECG), 2D Echocardiogram and Electroencephalogram (EEG).Results: Out of the 40 patients of syncope 65% were above the age of 10 years with male preponderance (60%). Vasovagal syncope (57%) was the most common cause of syncope followed by orthostatic hypotension (15%), neurological (15%), and cardiac etiology (6%). In the neurological etiology the EEG showed diffuse slow background with occasional sharp bursts in right frontal area in 2 patients while in 4 patients sharp bursts were present in the centero-temporal region. 17% were classified as presyncope, 60% as mild and 22% as having severe syncope. There was a significant correlation of etiology of syncope with duration of hospitalization of more than 4 days and with recurrence of syncope. There was significant correlation of Evaluation of Guidelines in Syncope (EGSYS) score >3 with cardiogenic syncope. On follow up, neurological syncope patients had significant decrease in the number of syncopal episodes as they were immediately started on antiepileptics.Conclusions: Electrocardiogram, 2D Echocardiogram and Electroencephalogram are important tools for the early management and treatment of cardiac and neurological etiology of syncope.