bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lutter contre l’emprise de la communication
Authors: Legavre Jean-Baptiste
Published: March 2024

Le sociologue Michel Crozier s’est heurté à un constat qui peut paraître banal mais en même temps essentiel pour qui retient le mot de « communication » comme catégorie d’explication : la communication est beaucoup plus qu’une simple activité humaine, elle une ingénierie sociale visant à légitimer ceux qui occupent des positions de pouvoir en euphémisant les relations de pouvoir. Le sociologue des organisations, pris entre les usages académiques – les siens – et les usages des experts, nous invite à réfléchir autrement à l’emprise de la communication. Alors qu’il accordait à la communication une place centrale dans son analyse, il va tenter de trouver une parade (conceptuelle). Dans ses travaux tardifs, il propose de substituer à « la communication » une autre catégorie d’entendement, celle de l’écoute. Elle permettrait, selon lui, de combattre l’idéologie de la communication et ses serviteurs.
Les séries politiques, marqueurs de classe et de distinction
Authors: Charpentier Isabelle
Published: March 2024

Exprimant une préférence télévisuelle rare, le public des séries politiques ne se répartit pas socialement et culturellement au hasard : il apparaît plutôt masculin, âgé, appartenant aux catégories supérieures, aisé, diplômé et politisé. Très intéressé par la politique, bien informé, il est très exigeant et sélectif dans le choix des séries « de qualité » qu’il regarde, dans lesquelles il recherche surtout une réflexion politique et sociale critique. L’« omnivorisme » qui pourrait sembler le caractériser dans une première vision rapide ne peut faire illusion : ses autres pratiques culturelles, tout aussi distinctives, permettent de le considérer très nettement comme relevant des publics les plus cultivés. Mais beaucoup reste à découvrir concernant les séries politiques tout comme leurs amateurs. Le champ de recherche encore peu défriché ouvert aux sciences sociales et politiques par l’analyse des conditions de production et de réception des séries politiques est immense, tant apparaissent saillantes les questions que posent les modalités de création et les usages sociaux et politiques multiples de ces biens symboliques spécifiques.
The consultant as an inclusion agent : an approach from the perspective of singularity
Authors: Gautier Laurent Éric , Moriez David Christophe , Voynnet Fourboul Catherine
Published: March 2024

Avec la diversité croissante, les organisations veulent créer des lieux inclusifs. Cependant, il y a un besoin de recherches sur la façon dont les consultants peuvent améliorer l'inclusion. Avec une posture ethnographique, nous étudions leurs interventions auprès d’organisations qui révèlent trois modes : le prototypage, l'intelligence collective et la révélation d'identité. Cette dernière sert trois objectifs d'inclusion : de soi, du groupe et du sens. Les processus sont doubles : l'inclusion des membres dans l'expression de leur singularité et leur préparation à l'action. Cet accompagnement aboutit à la révélation de la singularité qui se trouve être un catalyseur de l'inclusion.
Loyalty, Voice, Exit. A new perspective on Hirschman’s legacy
Authors: Cailleba Patrice , Edelbloude Johanna
Published: March 2024

Cet article montre comment le triptyque « Exit, Voice & Loyalty » de Hirschman a transformé la conduite éthique en un protocole d'actions en remplaçant les valeurs individuelles par un comportement pragmatique pour les lanceurs d’alerte. Après un retour sur l'histoire des lanceurs d’alerte vue à travers les sciences de gestion, nous clarifions l'approche du lanceur d'alerte en montrant comment chaque étape de la série « Exit, Voice & Loyalty » représente un aspect distinct de sa conduite éthique. Le modèle d'Hirschman est inversé (Loyalty, Voice et Exit), offrant au lanceur d’alerte une séquence à sa conduite éthique.
Racisation et esclavages en Tunisie au XIX e siècle
Authors: Mrad Dali Inès
Published: March 2024

Les évènements de 2023, marqués par des violences raciales et faisant de la Tunisie un pays incontestablement hostile aux personnes migrantes noires, non seulement appellent aujourd’hui à focaliser sur des études critiques de la race dans cette région, mais ils permettent de bien mieux comprendre un contexte historique datant d’au moins deux siècles, fait entre autres de traces d’exploitations humaines et de migrations. Cet article ambitionne de montrer et rappeler la nécessité d’un regard critique contre toutes visions essentialistes de l’Autre et de Soi, de les déconstruire historiquement, de montrer toute leur labilité. Le jeu des différences et similitudes – fondement de toute théorie raciale et processus racialisants cherchant à opposer des « contraires » –, ne peut être mobilisé de façon objective et au cours de périodes indéfinies.
Relations activité physique et santé : existe-t-il encore des controverses ?
Authors: Duclos Martine
Published: March 2024

On ne peut plus parler de controverses sur la thématique activité physique, sédentarité et santé. S’il existe encore parfois des confusions sur la terminologie (activité physique (AP), sport, inactivité physique, sédentarité), les effets de l’AP sur la santé sont scientifiquement démontrés avec un haut niveau de preuves, les mécanismes sous-tendant ces effets étant en grande partie explicités. Les discussions portent, entre autres, sur comment mesurer l’AP, la quantité d’AP nécessaire pour la santé et enfin comment intégrer l’AP dans le parcours de soins.
Plaidoyer pour un modèle sportif centré sur les besoins de tous les enfants au service de l’excellence, de la santé et du bien-être
Authors: Jidovtseff Boris
Published: March 2024

La performance de haut niveau est souvent le point de départ des travaux scientifiques et de réflexions sur les modèles sportifs. La recherche sur l’excellence sportive s’est intéressée aux parcours des élites sportives, à l’identification de talents et a abouti sur des programmes de développement qui ont évolué au cours du temps. Les connaissances actuelles montrent les limites des modèles sportifs centrés sur l’excellence car ils ne concernent qu’une faible proportion de la population et qu’ils n’ont pas été capables de produire des changements de comportement à l’échelle de la société notamment pour rendre la population physiquement plus active. Au regard des enjeux de sociétés multiples, il apparaît indispensable de faire évoluer les modèles sportifs pour qu’ils répondent aux besoins de la population dans son ensemble. Les modèles théoriques développementaux récents devraient être utilisés comme des incubateurs de réflexion au sein des fédérations et des structures sportives afin d’identifier les pistes d’amélioration dans les pratiques sportives avec comme objectif de réussir à répondre aux besoins de l’ensemble des enfants tout en permettant l’excellence sportive.
Some operators in soft primal spaces
Authors: Al-Omari Ahmad , Alqahtani Mesfer H.
Published: March 2024

The concept of operators in topological spaces occupies a very important place. For this reason, a great deal of work and many results were presented via operators. Herein, we defined a primal local soft closure operator $ \Lambda(\cdot) $ using the concept of soft topology and soft primal and reconnoitered its basic characteristics. Then, we found several fundamental results about the behavior of the primal soft closure operator $ \lambda{(\cdot)} $ with the help of $ \Lambda(\cdot). $ Among other obtained results, we introduced a new topology induced by the primal soft closure operator. At last, we defined primal soft suitable spaces and gave some equivalent descriptions of it.
YOLOv7-FIRE: A tiny-fire identification and detection method applied on UAV
Authors: Sun Baoshan , Bi Kaiyu , Wang Qiuyan
Published: March 2024

Fire is a common but serious disaster, which poses a great threat to human life and property. Therefore, fire-smoke detection technology is of great significance in various fields. In order to improve the detection ability of tiny-fire, so as to realize the prediction and suppression of fire as soon as possible, we proposed an efficient and accurate tiny-fire detection method based on the optimized YOLOv7, and we named the improved model YOLOv7-FIRE. First, we introduced the BiFormer into YOLOv7 to make the network pay more attention to the fire-smoke area. Second, we introduced the NWD technique to enhance the perception of the algorithm for small targets, and provided richer semantic information by modeling the context information around the target. Finally, CARAFE was applied for content-aware feature reorganization, which preserved the details and texture information in the image and improved the quality of fire-smoke detection. Furthermore, in order to improve the robustness of the improved algorithm, we expanded the fire-smoke dataset. The experimental results showed that YOLOv7-FIRE as significantly better than the previous algorithm in detection accuracy and recall rate, the Precision increased from 75.83% to 82.31%, and the Recall increased from 66.43% to 74.02%.
An Analysis of Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Moroccan Secondary School Quality
Authors: Berbar Hicham , Lotfi Saïd , Berbar Narjiss , Talbi Mohammed
Published: March 2024

Quality becomes an integral part of a school when the staff’s thinking and vision align with the school’s culture as a global organization. Stakeholders such as school directors, administrators, educational inspectors, and guidance counsellors play a significant role in ensuring quality integration through effective managerial practices in schools. The research study follows a generally inductive qualitative method. The analysis used semi-structured interviews with stakeholders to explore their perceptions of quality in secondary schools. The 24 interviews were conducted, and their responses were transcribed into text, classified, sorted, and coded in the first stage. This was done with two researchers and experts in consultation. In the second stage, we utilized computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software. As a result, the sub-themes from the research have been grouped into 36 major themes in two phases. We identified perceived categories and themes that mainly revolved around the leadership of school heads and their participative management. This research contributes to an analytical discussion of school administrators’ and directors’ perceptions of quality. A set of generic and innovative multidimensional key performance indicators for school quality is finally proposed.
Using Flipgrid Videos to Enhance Speaking and Presenting in English for Non-Native Learners
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Thi Thanh
Published: March 2024

Many previous studies have explored the use of technology-based media in language learning, particularly in speaking lessons. One of the most popular platforms being used today is Flipgrid (FG). The primary objective of this study is to examine how non-native learners respond to the use of FG, which is aimed at enhancing their speaking skills. 40 Japanese students were recruited for this quantitative and qualitative research study. The data collection instruments utilized in this study were questionnaires and interviews. The study revealed that the outstanding positive responses towards FG use are its user-friendly interface, confidence in speaking performance, collaborative peer reviews and feedback, and self-enhancement in learning to speak English, whereas the most negative response is related to the difficulty in the editing and uploading process, which is perceived to be a technological challenge. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that FG, as a viable option, received more positive feedback for effectiveness than negative responses from non-native learners.
Vivre sous l'occupation : illégalités, collaborations et résistance
Authors: Vandenbussche Robert
Published: March 2024

Pour la 9e session des Journées de Bondues, le choix s’est porté sur un thème d’apparence classique « Vivre sous l’Occupation » que Dominique Veillon a particulièrement bien analysé. Mais, pour la zone interdite, la recherche d’Alain Petit mise à part au même titre que quelques monographies urbaines, les travaux demeurent peu nombreux. Surtout, aucune recherche n’a été conduite sur la problématique que soulèvent la guerre et l’occupation de la région : illégalité, collaboration, résistance.
Un constat d’évidence s’impose : la vie de chacune et de chacun est très profondément perturbée et la « vie d’avant » que regrettent les témoignages ne semble pas restaurable dans l’immédiat. À cet égard, le Journal de guerre de Denise Delmas-Decreus, une jeune institutrice affectée à Hazebrouck, offre des éclairages lucides et pertinents sur le ressenti des populations civiles. L’exode des populations locales a dispersé souvent des familles qui tentent de se retrouver tandis que d’autres attendent le retour de « l’absent » c’est-à-dire du prisonnier. La répétition des bombardements et la vie quotidienne dans des paysages de ruines entraînent le déplacement fréquent puis forcé de celles et ceux que les autorités évacuent des zones littorales ou des sites stratégiques pour la durée de la guerre. Les aléas du ravitaillement dessinent également la réalité quotidienne puisqu’il est notoirement insuffisant et de qualité très irrégulière...
Travailleurs migrants exposés aux risques : stratégies d’assurance formelles et informelles chez les migrants originaires d’Asie centrale vivant à Moscou
Authors: Pellet Sandra , Talancé Marine de
Published: March 2024

Cet article étudie les pratiques formelles et informelles d’atténuation des risques parmi les travailleurs migrants d’Asie centrale à Moscou. Le contexte de la migration est intrinsèquement incertain, ce qui implique que les migrants peuvent essayer de se protéger contre les risques potentiels en recourant à des mécanismes d’assurance. Cependant, la migration est une situation unique qui soulève un certain nombre de questions. Tout d’abord, existe-t-il des institutions de protection formelles ou des marchés d’assurance dans le pays d’arrivée ? Ensuite, s’il existe des régimes d’assurance publics ou de marché, sont-ils accessibles à tous les migrants ? Que font les travailleurs migrants à risque lorsqu’ils ne peuvent pas compter sur les régimes officiels ? Les habitants d’Asie centrale ont l’habitude de s’appuyer sur les réseaux sociaux et les pratiques informelles de leur pays d’origine. Des articles précédents ont montré que ces réseaux informels peuvent être transposés dans un contexte migratoire, suggérant que les pratiques informelles d’atténuation des risques peuvent se substituer aux régimes d’assurance formels et agir comme un filet de sécurité sociale pour les migrants précaires non couverts par la Sécurité sociale ou les contrats d’assurance. Dans cet article, nous étudions la relation entre les régimes d’assurance informels et formels et nous cherchons à savoir si ceux-ci peuvent se substituer ou se compléter chez les migrants tadjikistanais et ouzbékistanais, sur la base d’une enquête menée auprès de 1 213 travailleurs migrants à Moscou.
Stendhal voyageur, ou des livres qui se promènent sur une grande route
Authors: Sugimoto-Ebine Keiko
Published: March 2024

Cet article vise à réfléchir sur la présence des livres dans les Voyages en France, mélange de récit de voyage fictif et de vrai journal de voyage. Nous commençons par reconstituer la bibliothèque mobile du touriste, qui se procure les livres en chemin avant de les abandonner à son gré. Celui-ci hérite beaucoup des habitudes de son auteur, qui a constamment besoin de livres non seulement pour s’informer mais aussi pour ses rêveries. Cette pratique du livre couvre alors toutes les étapes du voyage : la fréquentation des bibliothèques et des cabinets de lecture offre au touriste autant d’occasions d’observer la vie sociale et culturelle de la province sous la monarchie de Juillet.
Manufacturing SME Strategy to Grow and Develop in an Emerging Economy
Authors: Eziashi Julius , Sainidis Eustathios
Published: March 2024

The chapter aims to review the current body of knowledge on growth models in manufacturing SMEs within an emerging economy. Empirical evidence on Nigerian manufacturing SMEs, their strategy to grow and develop is discussed. The relevant literature is extensively and systematically reviewed to underpin the theoretical perspective of Nigerian manufacturing SMEs. Qualitative data is used within the empirical discussion. The instrument for the data collection was a face to face semi-structured interview of 17 senior managers and owners of Nigerian manufacturing SMEs. Thematic template analysis has been applied aiming to identify the emerging patterns from the interview to ascertain Nigeria manufacturing SMEs challenges, priorities and key issues considered vital in the development of manufacturing practices. The findings present empirical evidence in understanding SMEs development in dealing with challenges and prioritising their manufacturing practices. The findings have implications on government policy and assists professional practitioners in understanding manufacturing SMEs strategy, priorities and challenges in the emerging economy in the context of Nigeria.
IoT and Smart Environment Solutions for SMEs
Authors: Herzog Nitsa J. , Herzog David J
Published: March 2024

The fast development of information technologies fostered the recent flourishing of intelligent systems. While on the personal or household stratum, the usage of smart devices is quite limited in scope if not in function, on the industrial and geographical levels, various networks allow the creation of a new paradigm: Cyber-Physical space, enabled by the internet of things and smart environments. The phenomenon is truly global, encompassing all walks of life. Small and medium enterprises certainly benefit from the explosive spread of IoT and smart technologies. Industry 4.0 develops manufacturing, smart logistics and smart servitization, which are supported by just-in-time supply-chain operations. The current review of the present-day IoT, IIoT, and smart environments describes operational capabilities for innovative SMEs to expand operations and ride the wave of revolutionary change for profit and society benefits as a whole. A comprehensive assessment of potential drawbacks with technology acceptance by SMEs is done, with prospective solutions in every sphere of activities.
A Prediction Approach Based on Self-Training and Deep Learning for Biological Data
Authors: Boufenara Mohamed Nadjib , Boufaida Mahmoud , Berkane Mohamed Lamine
Published: March 2024

With the exponential growth of biological data, labeling this kind of data becomes difficult and costly. Although unlabeled data are comparatively more plentiful than labeled ones, most supervised learning methods are not designed to use unlabeled data. Semi-supervised learning methods are motivated by the availability of large unlabeled datasets rather than a small amount of labeled examples. However, incorporating unlabeled data into learning does not guarantee an improvement in classification performance. This paper introduces an approach based on a model of semi-supervised learning, which is the self-training with a deep learning algorithm to predict missing classes from labeled and unlabeled data. In order to assess the performance of the proposed approach, two datasets are used with four performance measures: precision, recall, F-measure, and area under the ROC curve (AUC).
Cancer Classification From DNA Microarray Using Genetic Algorithms and Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Machacha Lilybert , Bhattacharya Prabir
Published: March 2024

There are many similarities in the symptoms of several types of cancer and that makes it sometimes difficult for the physicians to do an accurate diagnosis. In addition, it is a technical challenge to classify accurately the cancer cells in order to differentiate one type of cancer from another. The DNA microarray technique (also called the DNA chip) has been used in the past for the classification of cancer but it generates a large volume of noisy data that has many features, and is difficult to analyze directly. This paper proposes a new method, combining the genetic algorithm, case-based reasoning, and the k-nearest neighbor classifier, which improves the performance of the classification considerably. The authors have also used the well-known Mahalanobis distance of multivariate statistics as a similarity measure that improves the accuracy. A case-based classifier approach together with the genetic algorithm has never been applied before for the classification of cancer, same with the application of the Mahalanobis distance. Thus, the proposed approach is a novel method for the cancer classification. Furthermore, the results from the proposed method show considerably better performance than other algorithms. Experiments were done on several benchmark datasets such as the leukemia dataset, the lymphoma dataset, ovarian cancer dataset, and breast cancer dataset.
Cluster Analysis in R With Big Data Applications
Authors: Lamere Alicia Taylor
Published: March 2024

This chapter discusses several popular clustering functions and open source software packages in R and their feasibility of use on larger datasets. These will include the kmeans() function, the pvclust package, and the DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise) package, which implement K-means, hierarchical, and density-based clustering, respectively. Dimension reduction methods such as PCA (principle component analysis) and SVD (singular value decomposition), as well as the choice of distance measure, are explored as methods to improve the performance of hierarchical and model-based clustering methods on larger datasets. These methods are illustrated through an application to a dataset of RNA-sequencing expression data for cancer patients obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) data collection from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA).
Crow-ENN
Authors: Ullah Rehan , Khan Abdullah , Shah Abid Syed Bakhtawar , Khan Siyab , Shah Said Khalid , Ali Maria
Published: March 2024

DNA sequence classification is one of the main research activities in bioinformatics on which, many researchers have worked and are working on it. In bioinformatics, machine learning can be applied for the analysis of genomic sequences like the classification of DNA sequences, comparison of DNA sequences. This article proposes a new hybrid meta-heuristic model called Crow-ENN for leukemia DNA sequences classification. The proposed algorithm is the combination of the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) and the Elman Neural Network (ENN). DNA sequences of Leukemia are used to train and test the proposed hybrid model. Five other comparable models i.e. Crow-ANN, Crow-BPNN, ANN, BPNN and ENN are also trained and tested on these DNA sequences. The performance of models is evaluated in terms of accuracy and MSE. The overall simulation results show that the proposed model has outperformed all the other five comparable models by attaining the highest accuracy of over 99%. This model may also be used for other classification problems in different fields because it can achieve promising results.
Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics
Authors: Deka Pradip Chandra
Published: March 2024

Genomics could be viewed as the study of the randomness of DNA sequences. It may be possible to predict the structure of a gene product from the nucleotide sequences and thereby predict its function. The terms “structural genomics” and “functional genomics” were coined to denote the assignment of structure and function to a gene product, respectively. Proteomics focuses on the products of gene, which are basically proteins. Proteins are responsible for the development of phenotype, and proteomics is the bridge between genotype and phenotype. The transcribed mRNAs and their abundance are called transcriptome. Proteomics also deals with the interaction between proteins called intractomics. Metabolomics is concerned with identification, abundance, and localization of all the molecules excluding lipids and polysaccharides in the cell. In this chapter, the basic concepts and analysis of the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomics data for their practical utilization are discussed.
Integrated Omics and Mutation in Algae
Authors: Eltanahy Eladl , Torky Aya
Published: March 2024

Algae importance is spectacularly increasing in many biotechnological applications, such as human food, animal feed, biofuels, bioplastics, bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. With the widespread use of “omics” technologies over the past two decades, recent advanced research attempts to understand the pathways of the promising algae species by whole genomes sequencing (genomics) and revealing lipid pathways (lipidomics), microarray to study all RNA transcripts (transcriptomics), all protein sets produced by the algal cell (proteomics). DNA alteration as classical mutagenesis caused a random mutation such as ethyl methane-sulfonate as chemical mutagenic and ultraviolet radiation as a physical mutagenic. On the other hand, the CRISPR-Cas9 modern technique is used to genetically engineer a protein with maximum editing efficiency. Incorporating omics and mutations techniques helps to thoroughly understand the systems biology of algae in the new era called integrated omics.
Machine Learning Perspective in Cancer Research
Authors: Sharma Aman , Rani Rinkle
Published: March 2024

Advancement in genome sequencing technology has empowered researchers to think beyond their imagination. Researchers are trying their hard to fight against various genetic diseases like cancer. Artificial intelligence has empowered research in the healthcare sector. Moreover, the availability of opensource healthcare datasets has motivated the researchers to develop applications which can help in early diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Further, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has helped to look into detailed intricacies of biological systems. It has provided an efficient and cost-effective approach with higher accuracy. The advent of microRNAs also known as small noncoding genes has begun the paradigm shift in oncological research. We are now able to profile expression profiles of RNAs using RNA-seq data. microRNA profiling has helped in uncovering their relationship in various genetic and biological processes. Here in this chapter, the authors present a review of the machine learning perspective in cancer research.
Molecular Markers
Authors: Deka Pradip Chandra
Published: March 2024

Conventionally, establishment of relationship between the genotype and phenotype through genetic analysis was considered as key to success in plant breeding. The discovery of molecular markers has changed the entire scenario of genome analysis. Coinheritance of a gene of interest and a marker suggests that they are physically close on the chromosome. A marker must be polymorphic in nature for their identification and utilization. Such polymorphism can be detected at three levels: phenotype (morphological), difference in biomolecules (biochemical), or differences in the nucleotide sequence of DNA (molecular). These markers act as a versatile tool and find their importance in taxonomy, plant breeding, gene mapping, cultivar identification, and forensic science. They have several advantages over the conventional methods of plant breeding for developing new varieties with higher rate of success. This chapter covers the basic principles and applications of various types of markers with special emphasis on molecular markers.
Open-Source Essential Protein Prediction Model by Integrating Chi-Square and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Sekhar S. R. Mani , Siddesh G. M.  , Manvi Sunilkumar S.
Published: March 2024

Identification and analysis of protein play a vital role in drug design and disease prediction. There are several open-source applications that have been developed for identifying essential proteins which are based on biological or topological features. These techniques infer the possibility of proteins to be essential by using the network topology and feature selection, which can ignore some of the features to reduce the complexity and, subsequently, results in less accuracy. In the paper, the authors have used selenium driver to scrap the dataset. Later, the authors integrated the chi-square method with support vector machine for the prediction of essential proteins in baker yeast. Here, chi-square is a test of dissimilarity used for altering the record, and afterward, the support vector machine is used to classify the test dataset. The results show that the proposed model Chi-SVM model achieves an accuracy of 99.56%, whereas BC and CC achieved an accuracy of 84.0% and 86.0%. Finally, the proposed model is validated using Statistical performance measures such as PPA, NPA, SA, and STA.
Optimal Fuzzy Cluster Partitioning by Crow Search Meta-Heuristic for Biomedical Data Analysis
Authors: Nayak Janmenjoy , Naik Bighnaraj , Dash Pandit Byomakesha , Pelusi Danilo
Published: March 2024

Biomedical data is often more unstructured in nature, and biomedical data processing task is becoming more complex day by day. Thus, biomedical informatics requires competent data analysis and data mining techniques for designing decision support system's framework to solve clinical and heathcare-related issues. Due to increasingly large and complex data sets and demand of biomedical informatics research, researchers are attracted towards automated machine learning models. This paper is proposed to design an efficient machine learning model based on fuzzy c-means with meta-heuristic optimizations for biomedical data analysis and clustering. The main contributions of this paper are 1) projecting an efficient machine learning model based on fuzzy c-means and meta-heuristic optimization for biomedical data classification, 2) employing benchmark validation techniques and critical hypothesises testing, and 3) providing a background for biomedical data processing with a view of data processing and mining.
Particle Swarm Optimization in Bioinformatics, Image Processing, and Computational Linguistics
Authors: Soni Badal , Roy Satashree , Warsi Shiv
Published: March 2024

Since its inception, particle swarm optimization and its improvement has been an active area of research, and the algorithm has found its application in multifarious domains such as highly constrained engineering problems as well as artificial intelligence. The focal point of this paper is to make the reader aware of the innumerable applications of particle swarm optimization, especially in the field of bioinformatics, digital image processing, and computational linguistics. This review work is designed to serve as a comprehensive look-up guide and to navigate through the algorithm's scope and application in recent times in the aforementioned fields.
Relative Relations in Biomedical Data Classification
Authors: Czajkowski Marcin
Published: March 2024

Advances in data science continue to improve the precision of biomedical research, and machine learning solutions are increasingly enabling the integration and exploration of molecular data. Recently, there is a strong need for “white box,” a comprehensive machine learning model that may actually reveal and evaluate patterns with diagnostic or prognostic value in omics data. In this article, the authors focus on algorithms for biomedical analysis in the field of explainable artificial intelligence. In particular, they present computational methods that address the concept of relative expression analysis (RXA). The classification algorithms that apply this idea access the interactions among genes/molecules to study their relative expression (i.e., the ordering among the expression values, rather than their absolute expression values). One then searches for characteristic perturbations in this ordering from one phenotype to another. They cover the concept of RXA, challenges of biomedical data analysis, and the innovations that the use of relative relationship-based algorithms brings.
Robustness and Predictive Performance of Homogeneous Ensemble Feature Selection in Text Classification
Authors: Mehta Poornima , Chandra Satish
Published: March 2024

The use of ensemble paradigm with classifiers is a proven approach that involves combining the outcomes of several classifiers. It has recently been extrapolated to feature selection methods to find the most relevant features. Earlier, ensemble feature selection has been used in high dimensional, low sample size datasets like bioinformatics. To one's knowledge there is no such endeavor in the text classification domain. In this work, the ensemble feature selection using data perturbation in the text classification domain has been used with an aim to enhance predictability and stability. This approach involves application of the same feature selector to different perturbed versions of training data, obtaining different ranks for a feature. Previous works focus only on one of the metrics, that is, stability or accuracy. In this work, a combined framework is adopted that assesses both the predictability and stability of the feature selection method by using feature selection ensemble. This approach has been explored on univariate and multivariate feature selectors, using two rank aggregators.
Scientometric Analysis of Bioinformatics Literature
Authors: Veeramuthu P.
Published: March 2024

The study analyses the bioinformatics literature during 2007-2017. For this study, a total of 83,904 publications were analysed. This chapter evaluated 11 years of bioinformatics publications with the aid of scientometric tools to find out the year-wise distribution, prolific authors, subject-wise distribution, type of document, top 10 titles, top 10 institutions, country-wise distributions, and language-wise distribution. The findings revealed that a maximum of 10,821 publications were published in 2017. Among the prolific authors, Martens, L. is ranked 1. In the document type, journal articles occupied the first position, which contributed 44,515 records. Among the prolific titles, Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics has the highest contribution of publications (6,814). In the institution-wise distribution, Chinese Academy of Sciences is placed in first position, having contributed 1,576 publications. The majority of the publications (81,555) were published in English language only.
State-of-the-Art Review on the Models, Techniques, and Datasets to Diagnose COVID-19 Disease
Authors: D. Vetrithangam , Pegada Naresh Kumar , R. Himabindu , B. Arunadevi , A. Ramesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

The present corona virus disease outbreak of 2019 is a rapidly spreading illness caused by the novel serious acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-Cov2). France has the highest rates of infection, morbidity, and mortality, and is among the nations most impacted by the disease, along with the United States, India, Brazil, and Russia. Since early January 2022, thousands of articles have been published on COVID-19. The majority of these articles agreed with descriptions of the mode of transmission, spread, duration, and severity of the illness; models or techniques used to diagnose the COVID-19 disease; and vaccine status in various locations. Thus, this review completely discusses the highest analytical aspects of COVID-19, including various classification, segmentation, prediction, and feature selection techniques to diagnose, detect, and predict the Covid-19 disease. This review chapter will surely help researchers to choose the techniques and datasets for effective diagnosis and evaluation.
O trabalho músico-pedagógico da FUNDARTE a partir da produção de docentes
Authors: Wolffenbüttel Cristina Rolim , Spohr Bárbara Cecília , Rubert Tiago , Giongo Leonardo , Da Silva Santos Sabrina
Published: March 2024

Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa que teve como foco docentes da Fundação Municipal de Artes de Montenegro (FUNDARTE), cujo trabalho em Arte e Educação em Arte é amplamente reconhecido. O objetivo da investigação foi mapear e analisar a produção científica de docentes da FUNDARTE sobre o trabalho músico-pedagógico realizado na instituição. A metodologia teve a abordagem qualitativa como pressuposto e a pesquisa bibliográfica como método. A coleta dos dados ocorreu via internet, sendo os dados constituídos de trabalhos publicados em periódicos científicos e anais de eventos das Artes. A análise de conteúdo constituiu a técnica para a análise dos dados. Os dados coletados demonstraram uma vasta produção científica de docentes da instituição, o que revela um trabalho consistente que propicia a difusão do ensino de música na localidade e no seu entorno. Com a publicação dos resultados das investigações, os docentes ampliam o impacto da excelência desse trabalho a outras regiões.
Analysis of the Influence of Fiber Orientations in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites on their Structural Properties Based on Eddy Current Measurements
Authors: Mersch Johannes , Gereke Thomas , Nocke Andreas , Cherif Chokri
Published: March 2024

Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) are a type of composite material consisting of a reinforcing structure and a plastic matrix. When compared to traditional construction materials, FRP has higher strength and stiffness due to the high mechanical properties of reinforcing fibers such as carbon or glass. However, the properties of FRP are dependent on the alignment of fibers within the composite, with deviations leading to reduced strength and stiffness. Eddy current testing is a non-destructive technique used to visualize carbon fibers in the composite and assess the impact of local fiber orientation on the structural properties of FRP. This study aims to understand the influence of local fiber orientation on tensile strength and elastic modulus by producing composites with defined fiber orientations, analyzing them with eddy current testing, and assessing their mechanical properties through tensile tests. The measured fiber orientations are then used to validate a finite element model, in which the actual, measured fiber orientation is applied to the simulation and correlated with the mechanical properties. In contrast to previous published studies measured fiber orientation is used, which as shown in this work, differs from the theoretically implemented fiber orientation.
Topological Optimization of Mining Vehicle Tyre
Authors: Muller Peter , Mthembu Linda
Published: March 2024

Commercial tyres that are specifically designed for higher speed and on-highway tarred road conditions are currently being used on lightweight underground mining utility vehicles. This is due to there being no alternative tyres that are readily available to better suite the application and environment. This research calls attention to the side effects of using commercial tyres in mining environments. As a result, a model-based systems engineering approach is used to design a more appropriate tyre for this environment. Airless tires have been a focus area for many top tyre manufacturing companies however the criteria and focus of existing papers has predominantly been on commercial tyres that follow a completely different set of design rules and requirements. In this research a topologically optimised tyre that better conforms with the design parameters of the vehicle, is proposed and analysed. A computational aided design (CAD) model of a commercial pneumatic tyre and a foam filled tyre was created. Data from a typical mining vehicle of this class was captured and used to calculate the mechanics as inputs to the finite element model (FEM) including driveshaft effects. This model is then statically analyses and optimised over various iterations of topologies. The iteration stopping criteria is reduced stresses on drivetrain components and being able to accommodate a greater payload. This research provides a proof of concept on the feasibly of replacing standard commercial pneumatic or foam filled tyres with purpose designed airless tyres to better serve the mining market whilst retaining original equipment manufacturer vehicle design parameters. From the results it was found that these tyres can meet the loading requirements as specified given the resultant deflections, reduced stresses and reduced polar second moment area on the driveshaft component (s).
Ag Doping and rGO Coupling of TiO2 within Polysiloxane Matrix for the Ecofriendly Development of High-Performance Cotton Fabric
Authors: Rashid Mohammad Mamunur , Zorc Matija , Simončič Barbara , Jerman Ivan , Tomšič Brigita
Published: March 2024

In this work, TiO2 was applied to cotton fabric by a sol–gel-hydrothermal process. A combination of 3-(trihydroxysilyl) propyl methylphosphonate monosodium salt solution (TPMP) and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) was used as a matrix to enhance the interfacial interaction between TiO2 and surface of the cotton fibres. During the hydrothermal treatment, silver nitrate (AgNO3) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were added to produce Ag-doped TiO2- or rGO-coupled TiO2-coated textiles. The successful application of all investigated components on cotton fabric was confirmed by the analysis of SEM and EDS. The results of UPF determination and self-cleaning activity showed excellent performance of both studied nanocomposite coatings, whereas the use of rGO proved to be better than Ag.
Is Paroxetine Causing Me Nightmares?
Authors: Bhardwaj Akansha , Gupta Dimple , Prakash Rashmi , Jose Nimmi
Published: March 2024

Paroxetine is a commonly used drug in psychiatric settings for disorders such as major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, this drug comes with its own series of adverse effects, including dry mouth, drowsiness, constipation, sexual side effects, etc. In our case study, we wish to highlight a case of depression who developed a rarely documented side effect of serial nightmares after prescribing paroxetine. On cross-tapering it with sertraline, her nightmares gradually resolved with no deterioration of depressive symptoms. By reporting this case, we wish to emphasize on this potential side effects of paroxetine which should be kept in mind while choosing this agent. Such reporting is important as this rare side effect could be confused with other clinical pictures, thereby affecting management. It also helps us enhance our knowledge of how selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can lead to the development of nightmares.
A Study of Delirium in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat
Authors: Patel Devanshi M. , Lakdawala Bhaveshkumar M. , Chokshi Vaishal D.
Published: March 2024

Background:

There are many risk factors for the development of delirium. According to the definition given by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, delirium is defined as “disturbances in attention and awareness over a short period of time, representations of changes from baseline attention, and awareness with a tendency to fluctuate over a period of time.”

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors among patients of delirium in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients of delirium in a tertiary care hospital of the city of Ahmedabad using the Confusional Assessment Method-Severity scale and sociodemographic questionnaire. A total of 100 patients were recruited in the study. The analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2019.

Results:

In the study, we found that the majority of patients of delirium were of age >65 years, males, suffering from cerebrovascular illness, and having dementia. It was reported from the study that the majority patients of delirium were admitted to the intensive care unit and having a prolonged hospital stay.

Conclusions:

Identification of risk factors and early intervention can have better outcomes in patients suffering from delirium and lead to better prognosis.
Modern View on Potentials of Forensic Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Expertise
Authors: Vazhnichaya Elena M. , Deviatkina Nataliia M.
Published: March 2024

The great number of drugs and their variety have increased the potential of therapy but increased the risks of crimes related to the production, sale, and use of medicines. The prosecution of such crimes requires pharmaceutical or pharmacological expertise. The development of forensic pharmacy and forensic pharmacology is relevant and needs consideration of their modern capabilities. The purpose of the work is to analyze literature data on the scientific basis of forensic pharmaceutical and pharmacological expertise and their modern possibilities. The texts of articles, book chapters, and websites were studied using keywords relevant to the purpose of the review. It is shown, that modern forensic pharmaceutical expertise is a separate type of expertise that focuses on the study of drugs and documents that regulate the production, distribution, and quality of medicines. It uses the latest analytical methods of pharmacy. A pharmacologist analyzes body fluids and tissues and interprets the resulting data to help courts and investigators assess the role of a drug in the person’s behavior, illness, injury, or death. The range of issues included in the pharmacological examination is fully within the competence of the forensic medical examination, which can be appointed in civil cases or criminal proceedings connected with harm to health or death. Forensic pharmacology is not the same as forensic toxicology or pharmacovigilance and requires a separate approach based on purely pharmacological knowledge.
Nonmetric Traits in Permanent Teeth as Clues to Ethnicity in Vidarbha Subpopulation to Aid Forensic Profiling: Pilot Study
Authors: Sadhwani Vaishali Amarlal , Prakash Nilima , Pradeep G. L. , Patil Rekha , Khivsara Shubhechha Anand , Khan Sabiha Mokashi
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Nonmetric dental traits have a crucial role in ethnic classification of populations that help in forensic racial identification. Many studies have demonstrated the differences in the expression and frequency of dental traits between various ethnic groups for ancestry determination in the context of forensic dental anthropology. The present study is an attempt to assess the frequency and variation in nonmetric traits for establishing ethnicity in the Vidarbha subpopulation.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and variation of nonmetric traits in permanent teeth for establishing ethnicity in the Vidarbha subpopulation.

Materials and Methods:

Participants of the Vidarbha subpopulation were selected by random sampling method. Molars, premolars, and incisors were evaluated for frequency of nonmetric traits, and variations were graded according to Dentoanthropological System of State University of Arizona criteria. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Student’s t-test were used for analysis of data.

Results:

The most common occlusal morphology in mandibular first and second molar was 5 cusp and 4 cusp, respectively, with the “+” groove pattern. Cusp 3 and cusp 4 were observed frequently in the maxillary molars. One lingual cusp was most commonly seen in mandibular premolars show while incisors showed faint shoveling.

Conclusion:

Our study concludes that nonmetric traits were present and showed variation in permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth among the Vidarbha subpopulation. Cusp 5 and Cusp 4 in first and second mandibular molars, respectively, groove pattern “+” and grade 1 protostylid were the most frequent grades observed in permanent mandibular molars. One lingual cusp was most commonly seen in mandibular premolars and faint shoveling was a notable feature in incisors of this population.