bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vergi Ceza Hukukunda İçtima ve Tekerrür Kavramlarının Vergi Suçlarına Etkisi
Authors: Ercan Taner
Published: March 2023

Toplumsal düzen ve disiplini sağlayan en önemli kurallardan birisi hukuktur. Hukuk kurallarının toplumu oluşturan bireylerin ihtiyaçları kapsamında oluşturulması ile birlikte kamu düzeni sağlanmakta, toplumsal değerlerin ve hakların hukuk platformunda korunması amaçlanmaktadır. Söz konusu düzenin savunulması ve toplumda adaletin sağlanması güçlü, güven veren ve adaletli bir ceza sistemi ile mümkün olmaktadır. Ceza hukuku, suç olarak nitelendirilen insan davranışlarını belirleyen ve bu davranışlara karşı ceza hukuku bağlamındaki yaptırımları öngören hukuk kurallarının tümü olarak nitelendirilebilir. Ceza hukukunun bu minvalde koruyucu ve cezalandırıcı işlevi bulunmaktadır, ayrıca cezalandırma fonksiyonunun gerçekleşmesi halinde de toplumu koruyucu işlevi meydana gelmektedir. Ceza hukuku bu fonksiyonlarını yerine getirirken birçok farklı hukuk müessesinden yararlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda suçların özel görünüş biçimleri arasında yer alan içtima ve tekerrür kurumları bulunmaktadır. Ceza hukukunda içtima kavramı, gerçek içtimaının istisnası olarak yer alan suçların ve cezaların içtimaı olarak şekillenmiştir. İçtima, birden fazla suçun bulunmasına rağmen faile tek ceza verilmesini yasadaki şartlar dâhilinde öngören bir ceza hukuku kurumudur. Tekerrür, bir kişinin daha önce işlediği bir suçtan dolayı mahkûmiyet hükmü kesinleştikten sonra tekrar suç işleyen kişinin durumunu ifade etmektedir. Tekerrür halinin oluşması için ceza kanununda yer alan şartların teşekkülü gerekmektedir. İçtima ve tekerrür müesseseleri vergi suçları bağlamında da değerlendirilmektedir. Vergi suçları, kamu düzenine karşı işlenen vergi kanunlarında belirtilen usul ve şekil ya da görev ve ödev hükümlerine vergi sorumlu ve mükelleflerinin cezayı gerektirecek düzeyde aykırı hareket etmesidir. Vergi ceza hukuku çerçevesinde yer alan içtima ve tekerrür kurumlarına ait düzenlemelerin değerlendirilmesinde 213 sayılı Vergi Usul Kanunu (VUK) md. 340 çerçevesinde belirtildiği üzere ve 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun (TCK) 5. maddesinin açık göndermesi gereği genel kanun statüsündeki TCK hükümleri tatbik edilecektir. Bu minvalde çalışmamızda, içtima ve tekerrür müesseselerinin Vergi Ceza Hukuku kapsamında değerlendirilmesi ve bu yöndeki güncel düzenlemelerin açıklanması amaçlanmıştır.
Terör ve Şiddet Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Çalışma
Authors: Sarı Murat
Published: March 2023

Bu makale terör ve terör şiddetini konu edinmektedir. Her dönem her ne kadar niteliksel olarak değişime uğrasa da terör, yüzyıllardır varlığını sürdürmeye devam eden bir olgu olmuştur. Terör, her dönem her ne kadar niteliksel olarak değişime uğrasa da, terör de değişime uğramayan tek şey şiddettir. Çünkü şiddet terörün temel yapı taşı niteliğindedir. Terör örgütleri uyguladıkları şiddet öğeleri ile kişi ya da gruplara korku salarak, tehdit ederek, yıldırarak istediğini yaptırmaya ve kontrol altına almaya çalışmaktadır. Terör de şiddet hedeflenen amaca ulaşmak için mükemmel bir araçtır. Bir nevi terörün varlığı şiddete bağlıdır denilebilir. Şiddet var ise terör vardır, şiddet yok ise terörün varlığından bahsedilemez. Bu çalışma kavramsal bir çalışma niteliğine sahiptir. Çalışma da terör ve şiddet olguları kavramsal olarak ele alınmakta ve bu iki kavramın birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri tüm detaylarıyla irdelenmektedir.
20. Yüzyılda Türk Sosyal Politikasının Gelişimi
Authors: Keskin Abdurrahman , Beşoluk Erdal
Published: March 2023

Bir ülkede sosyal politikanın gelişimini etkileyen çok sayıda faktör bulunmakta ve ülkelerin sosyal politika gelişimleri birbirlerinden farklı seyretmektedir. Batılı ülkelerde sosyal politika, sosyal politika aktörleri tarafından ortak çabayla biçimlendirilirken, gelişmemiş veya gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sosyal politikanın gelişiminin başat aktörü devlettir. Osmanlıda, devletin toplumsal sorunlara müdahalesinin koruyucu nitelikten ziyade yasaklayıcı olması, tarım toplumu özelliklerine sahip olması ve endüstrileşmenin zayıf olmasının sonucu olarak toplumsal sınıflar doğup güçlenememişlerdir. Toplumsal sınıfların oluşmaması sosyal politikanın doğması için gerekli koşulları oluşturamamıştır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne geçişte ekonomik ve sosyal alanda keskin değişimlerden ziyade yumuşak bir geçiş olmuştur. Bu bağlamda Osmanlıda olduğu gibi Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde de sosyal politikanın gelişiminde devlet başat aktör konumundadır. Türkiye’de, cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında ve sonrasındaki dönemlerde ortaya çıkan problemlerden dolayı sosyal politikanın gelişimi sınırlı kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye sosyal politikasının 20. Yüzyıldaki tarihsel gelişimini belirli dönemlere göre sınıflandırarak, bu dönemde gerçekleşen sosyal politikadaki temel gelişmelerin ortaya konulması amaçlamaktadır.
Yalnızlık Çağı’nda “Sorunlu Orta Yer” Kentte Hayvan
Authors: Demirel Murat
Published: March 2023

Çalışma, sanayi devrimi sonrası kurulan modern kentlerde türler arasındaki bağımlılığın kopma noktasına gelmesinden hareket etmektedir. İnsan, yüzyıllar boyu birlikte ve bağımlı olarak yaşadığı türlerden ve doğadan modern kentlerde uzaklaşmıştır. Kentte hayvan türlerine dönük uzaklaştırma ve insani ihtiyaçları adına nesneleştirilmeleri, metalaştırılmaları eleştirilmektedir. İnsan-merkezli bu bakış açısı sorunlu orta yer olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Modern kentlerde yoğun bir şekilde hayata geçmektedir. Sorunlu orta yerin ve modern kentin insanlığı götüreceği yerin yalnızlık çağı olacağı vurgulanmaktadır. Yalnızlık çağının ise sürdürülemez olduğunun altı çizilmektedir
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Çağdaş Seramik Sanatının Gelişim Süreci
Authors: Alp Selda , Kürtoğlu Aysel
Published: March 2023

Anadolu’da, Neolitik dönemden itibaren insan hayatında yer alan seramik, ait olduğu toplumların yaşam biçimine göre şekil alarak ve gelişerek günümüze ulaşmıştır. İşlevsel mimari ögeler ve yardımcı gereçler olarak insan hayatında yer alan seramik, 20. yüzyılın ortalarında, fonksiyonellikten sıyrılarak, resim ve heykel sanatçıları tarafından dikkat çeken, duygu ve düşüncelerin somutlaştırılmasında kullanılan bir malzeme niteliği kazanmıştır. Seramik kullanımında, Avrupa merkezli gelişen bu yenilikle başlayan seramiğin çağdaşlaşma süreci, Türkiye’ye de yansımış ve Anadolu’da köklü bir geçmişe sahip seramik üretimi, yeni bir çehreye bürünmüştür. 1950’li yıllarda, Avrupa ile paralel bir gelişim gösteren çağdaş Türk seramik sanatçıları tarafından, işlevsel yönden bütünüyle uzaklaşmış, tamamen sanatsal ifadelerin somutlaştırılmış biçimleri olarak seramik eserler üretilmeye başlamıştır. Çağdaş Türk seramiğinin serüveni, ülke içinde ve dünya çapında ses getiren bir yaratıcılık ve üretkenlik gösteren seramik sanatçıları sayesinde günümüzde de devam etmektedir.
Generation mean analysis of earliness and fruit yield related traits in Cucumber
Authors: Devi Shilpa , Munshi A. D. , Dey S. S. , Behera T. K. , Bhardwaj Chellapilla , Gaikwad Kishor , Bhowmik Arpan , Nagar Arvind
Published: March 2023

Gene effects associated with earliness and yield-related traits offer an advantage in the selection ofappropriate breeding strategies to bring improvement of fruit yield in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Therefore,a generation mean analysis study was conducted to investigate the gene effects present in traits like plantheight, days to first female flower, number of female flower-bearing nodes, number of lateral branches, daystook to first fruit harvest, fruit length fruit and fruit width using three cross combinations viz., Pusa Barkha ×Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, Pusa Uday × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Punjab Naveen × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. All six generations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC2P2 were developed. Scaling testresults indicated that the simple additive-dominance model is inefficient to describe gene effects in all threecrosses and interallelic interactions are present for all traits under study. Additive gene effects were significantin at least one cross out of three crosses for all traits under study except the number of lateral branches and fruitwidth. In cross Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, a significant negative dominant gene effectwas recorded for days to the first female flower and days took to first fruit harvest which indicates earliness inthis cross combination. For the number of female flower-bearing nodes, significant positive dominant effectswere present in cross combinations of Pusa Barkha × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Pusa Uday × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. For fruit length, Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 combinationpossessed significant additive gene effect which can be tapped through a simple selection procedure
FIQH AL-LUGHAH DALAM BAHASA ARAB: DEFINISI, PERKEMBANGAN, METODE DAN OBJEK KAJIAN
Authors: Nugraha Ikhwan , D. Hidayat
Published: March 2023

Bahasa Arab selalu menarik untuk dibahas sebagai objek. Ini tiada lain karena Al-Quran dan hadis turun dengan Bahasa Arab, juga Nabi Muhammad adalah orang Arab yang fasih berbahasa Arab (afshahul lisan) dan banyak syair, sajak, kisah berbahasa Arab. Seiring perkembangan waktu kajian terhadap Bahasa Arab semakin meluas dan menjadi disiplin ilmu tersendiri yang terpisah dari ilmu induknya. Menariknya banyak juga yang sering terjebak dengan istilah-istilah dalam ilmu pengetahuan Bahasa Arab karena percampuran yang nyaris sulit dibedakan misalnya antara fiqh al-lughah (sering disebut filologi) dan ilmu al-lughah (linguistik). Tujuan penelitian ini akan memaparkan terkait fiqh al-lughah dalam Bahasa Arab yang berbeda dengan ilmu al-lughah. mulai dari definisi, perkembangan, metode dan objek kajiannya. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan (library reserach) dan menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan fiqh al-lughah termasuk kepada ranah pengetahuan (ma’rifah) dan bukan suatu ilmu seperti nahw atau balaghah. Ada poin-poin penting terkait kajian fiqh al-lughah yang berbeda dengan ilmu kebahasaan yang lainnya, bahkan mungkin fiqh al-lughah hanya ada dalam Bahasa Arab. Hal ini berdampak pada berkembangnya studi terkait Bahasa Arab khususnya al-Quran dan hadis, yang menyebabkan ragamnya interpretasi dan tafsir yang muncul.
"L’EMOTION – UN FACTE-UR MOBILISATEUR POUR ASSURER L’INTERACTIVITE "
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Filimon-Benea Anamaria
Published: March 2023

Nommé par les sociologues du mass-média « déterminisme technologique » (Petcu, 2002, p.74), Marshall McLuhan considère que le moyen de communication – média - a « un impact déterminant sur l’équilibre des perceptions humaines » (Ibidem, p.76). Dans son œuvre Understanding mass-media (1964) il lance d’une manière plus accentuée le slogan, bien connu depuis ce moment-là : « le moyen est le message ». L’idée, en général, est que le moyen technologique utilisé pour communiquer est aussi important que le contenu communicationnel transmis. La cause de cette chose est celle que le moyen utilisé dans la communication influence les perceptions, l’équilibre des sens. L’impact du message sera différent également grâce au moyen utilisé. En utilisant la méthode de recherche qualitative, l'article vise à analyser des messages transmis en ligne, afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure l'expression de l'émotion est un facteur mobilisateur pour l'engagement du public
"WHAT MAKES A GOOD TRANSLATOR? A FOCUS ON THE INTERCULTURAL DIMENSION OF THE TRANSLATION COMPETENCE "
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Cozma Mihaela
Published: March 2023

In the context of today’s globalized market, the success of a translator depends, to a large extent, on a number of skills which make up what is generally described as (inter)cultural competence. The present paper focuses on the complex nature of the translator’s intercultural competence, examining it from various perspectives: theoretical, sociolinguistic, textual and interpersonal. The author relies on both theoretical and research evidence, with the ultimate goal of arriving at conclusions of relevance for the field of translator training.
"JOURNALISM EDUCATION IN TODAY’S FAST-PACED MEDIA ENVIRONMENT "
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Baya Adina
Published: March 2023

Political and economic pressures in newsrooms, “fake news” and increasing lack of trust from the part of the audiences are some of the recurring problems professional journalists have to face today, closely linked to the “retreat” in democracy and to the fast-paced media environment pushed by technology advancement. How can journalism education adapt to the accelerated changes affecting the media landscape? Some of the provisional answers to this central question imply encouraging flexibility and adaptability in managing information across different platforms, struggling to highlight relevance and making the best of the up-to-date technological tools, while keeping in mind that “journalism’s first obligation is to the truth” and “its first loyalty is to citizens” (Kovach & Rosenstiel 2003). Entrepreneurial and technical skills should empower future journalists to master transmedia storytelling, crowdfunding and crowdsourcing, get used to the mobile status of the profession and envisage their own media business initiatives, as well as stay true to ethical values.
"QUELQUES DIFFICULTÉS DE TRADUCTION DES TERMES DE L’ÉDUCATION DU ROUMAIN EN FRANÇAIS "
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Kriston Andrea
Published: March 2023

Notre communication se propose d’offrir un aperçu de la traduction des termes du domaine éducationnel de roumain en français. Les termes présentés dans cet article ont constitué le corpus d’un dictionnaire multilingue (traduction des termes de roumain en anglais, français et allemand). Le dictionnaire est destiné spécialement aux chercheurs, professeurs et étudiants intéressés par ce domaine. J’ai été responsable avec la traduction des termes en français. Quand on traduit un document, le traducteur est confronté avec plusieurs obstacles qui relèvent des systèmes linguistiques ou sémantiques. Dans l’ouvrage présent, l’auteur traite les problèmes et stratégies de traduction pour les situations où on observe des termes qui n’ont pas d’équivalents dus aux différences des systèmes éducationnels roumain et français, des anglicismes ou bien des abréviations.
LEISTUNG VS. STATUS IN DER RUMÄNISCHEN UND IN DER DEUTSCHEN WERBUNG
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Lavrits Patrick
Published: March 2023

Die Dimension Leistung vs. Status geht der Frage auf den Grund, ob Status von einer Person durch individuelle Leistung erworben wird oder ob ihr der Status eher durch Herkunft bzw. Zugehörigkeit zugeschrieben wird. In leistungsorientierten Kulturen wird persönliches Engagement sowie harte Arbeit belohnt und ist für das gesellschaftliche Ansehen des Einzelnen ausschlaggebend. Statusorientierte Kulturen legen Wert auf die gesellschaftlichen Umstände, in die ein Individuum hineingeboren wurde. Merkmale wie Alter, Geschlecht, soziale Verbindungen, Erziehung und Beruf entscheiden über diesen Status. Leistung vs. Status kann auch an der Ausführung der Werbung, der Interaktionen zwischen den Personen und der Art der dargestellten Personen erkannt werden, wie auch an der Art und Weise der Übermittlung der Botschaft und der Beeinflussung und Erreichung der Zielgruppe in den unterschiedlichen Kulturen.
Identificação de aves por aplicativo e suas aplicações na educação ambiental
Authors: Santos Ana Clara Oliveira dos , Carmona Joice Gabrielly Pereira , Borges Katia Vivian Chrestani , Neves Erika Fernandes , Córdova Junior Renner Fernando da Silva
Published: March 2023

A observação de aves é uma atividade recreativa que permite a reconexão do homem com a natureza. Além dos benefícios contemplativos e de lazer, esse ato pode ser uma ferramenta para promover a educação ambiental. Com o intuito de usar a observação de aves para educação ambiental, utilizou-se um aplicativo de celular para identificação das aves do Parque Natural Municipal do Córrego do Cumandaí, que é uma área de conservação dentro da cidade Naviraí, Mato Grosso do Sul. Para isso, foram utilizados registros fotográficos de avistamento de aves entre 2017 a 2021, cedidos pela gerência de meio ambiente municipal, além de 12 visitas ao parque, no período de março a julho de 2021. Para a identificação das aves, utilizou-se o aplicativo Merlin ID e dados do banco Wikiaves. Esse ato resultou em 51 espécies de aves identificadas, divididas em 14 ordens e 23 famílias. Foram medidos os índices de Simpson = 0.7781, Pielou = 0.7488 e Shannon = 1,9762 que apontam o parque ideal para o desenvolvimento de atividades de observação, considerando sua localidade e dimensão. Além de ser uma ferramenta útil para educação ambiental, a observação de aves pode contribuir com a alfabetização científica e socioambiental por meio da ciência cidadã, porém é necessário ter roteiros padronizados e metodologias definidas pela gestão do parque para que esses dados sejam validados para visitantes que queiram contribuir com a ciência e com a conservação das áreas protegidas.
Otimização qualitativa em sistemas hídricos: aplicação em região do alto curso do rio Piranhas (PB)
Authors: Nepomuceno Thiago , Curi Wilson Fadlo , Santos Valterlin da Silva , Costa Neto Francisco de Assis da , Brito Virgínia da Costa , Santana Cícero Fellipe Diniz de
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo efetuar a otimização qualitativa, baseada em Programação Linear, em um sistema de recursos hídricos presente no alto curso do rio Piranhas-PB que integra dois reservatórios em série, Engenheiro Ávidos, localizado no município de Cajazeiras, e São Gonçalo, no município de Sousa. A rotina de otimização considera cinco funções objetivo, além de restrições relacionadas à modelagem da Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio, Oxigênio Dissolvido, formas nitrogenadas e fosfatadas, nos rios e reservatórios, bem como os métodos empregados para linearizar as não linearidades existentes. Além do mais, foi também avaliado o grau de representatividade da modelagem para com a área de estudo. Os efluentes estão associados ao lançamento de esgotos domésticos de municípios próximos aos corpos hídricos. Foram estudados dois Cenários, no primeiro os efluentes foram lançados sem considerar um tratamento prévio, já no segundo Cenário foi considerado que os efluentes foram submetidos a um tratamento por meio de lagoas de estabilização. Os resultados indicaram que o modelo de otimização permitiu, nos dois Cenários, encontrar soluções otimizadas de maneira que as concentrações dos parâmetros permanecessem, durante todo o período de operação, em níveis aceitáveis para a classe dos corpos hídricos. Além disto, as equações matemáticas e os coeficientes cinéticos puderam representar de forma adequada a área de estudo, com baixos erros calculados.
Avaliação da sustentabilidade ambiental de propriedades leiteiras em Minas Gerais utilizando o método ISA
Authors: Martins Marcelo Rodrigues , Gabrielle José Ricardo Miotto , Santoyo Alain Hernández , Salgado Eduardo Gomes , Rezende Marcelo Lacerda
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o nível de sustentabilidade de 3 propriedades situadas no Sul de Minas Gerais, tendo como atividade principal a bovinocultura de leite e utilizando o Indicador de Sustentabilidade em Agroecossistemas (ISA). O ISA é formado por 21 indicadores, que foram agrupados em sete subíndices, envolvendo as dimensões socioeconômica e ambiental. Esses sete subíndices são divididos em: Balanço Econômico, Balanço Social, Gestão do Estabelecimento Rural, Capacidade Produtiva do Solo, Qualidade da Água, Manejo dos sistemas de produção e Ecologia da paisagem Agrícola. O questionário do ISA foi aplicado no ano de 2021. O ISA da propriedade 1 atingiu 0,73 e superou o limiar de sustentabilidade (0,70), com balanço socioeconômico (0,83) e balanço ambiental de (0,67). A propriedade 2 atingiu o maior ISA (0,76), das 03 avaliadas, com maior balanço socioeconômico (0,87) e maior balanço ambiental (0,68). Já a propriedade 3 obteve o menor valor do ISA, 0,62, com o balanço socioeconômico mais baixo entre as três avaliadas (0,72) e o balanço ambiental (0,54), abaixo do limiar de sustentabilidade. A utilização do ISA permitiu observar os diversos parâmetros de sustentabilidade das propriedades, identificando pontos críticos que necessitam de mudanças. A partir disso, é possível orientar e determinar ações que possam melhorar a situação das propriedades.
Quorum sensing in bacteria of rice rhizospheres from Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Kumar Pankaj
Published: March 2023

Quorum sensing is a phenomena used by bacteria for regulation of some important characteristics coordinately. Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, both utilize this system of communication, but they use different signal molecules for this, i.e. Gram-negative bacteria preferentially use acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). Rhizospheric soil is rich in bacterial diversity, with the presence of both types of bacteria. It will be useful if we know the quorum sensing based communications among bacteria present in rhizospheric soil. This work was undertaken with the idea to explore the diversity of AHL producing bacteria in soil. For this, bacteria were isolated from rice rhizosphere from field located in Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh. To study quorum sensing, detection of AHL production was performed by colorimetry method. Out of total 29 bacterial isolates, only three Gram-negative bacteria showed positive result for AHLs production. These 3 isolates were selected for further study. The isolates were characterized by biochemical test. Other characteristics of these bacteria were also tested, like antibiotic resistance profile, indole test, and capability to biofilm formation, phosphate solubilization as well as their growth in different specific culture media. The Results suggest that AHLs producing bacteria may belong to family of Pseudomonas sp., which are reported in different researches to be part of the PGPR group of organisms. This work forms the base to study the cell-cell communication in plant rhizospheres.
Bacterial and Viral Pathogens Implicated in Female Reproductive Failure Investigated on Menstrual Blood
Authors: Mesechkova Kremena , Kavrakova Anita , Georgieva Bilyana , Sigridov Ivan , Miteva Ani , Mitev Vanyo , Todorova Albena
Published: March 2023

We investigate the impact of bacterial (Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum/parvum, Mycomplasma hominis/genitalium, Gardnerella vaginalis) and viral (HSV1/2, EBV, CMV, VZV, HHV6/HHV7, HHV8) pathogens, as a potential cause of reproductive failure in women by analysis of menstrual blood. We analyzed DNA extracted from 48 probands selected on the basis of history of infertility. DNA extraction, Real-time qPCR, gel electrophoresis were applied.

In 64.6% of all tested menstrual blood samples of infertile women bacterial and/or viral pathogens were detected. In 41.4% of all tested samples we found bacterial, while in 37.5% viral pathogens. Ureaplasma parvum and Gardnerella vaginalis were detected in 58.3% and 54.2%, respectively, of the positive for bacterial pathogens samples. EBV, HHV7 and HHV6 were detected in 38.9%, 55.6%, and, respectively, 11.1% of the positive for viral pathogens samples. Bacterial and viral co-infection was found in 22.6% of all patients.

Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycomplasma hominis/genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, HSV1, HSV2, CMV, VZV and HHV8 were not detected in the menstrual blood samples.

Our study offers new approach for diagnostics of infections in the upper female genital tract by analysis of menstrual blood. The opportunity to detect asymptomatic bacterial and viral infections in female endometrium contributes to reveal the cause for sterility. Our work contributes to clarify the infectious etiology of reproductive failure which is of a great importance for individualized therapy.
Objects generated by an arbitrary natural number. Part 3: Standard modal-topological aspect
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Atanassov Krassimir ,   Prof. Asen Zlatarov University
Published: March 2023

The set $\underline{SET}(n)$ generated by an arbitrary natural number $n$, was defined in [3]. There, and in [4], some arithmetic functions and arithmetic operators of a modal type are defined over the elements of $\underline{SET}(n)$. Here, over the elements of $\underline{SET}(n)$ arithmetic operators of a topological type are defined and some of their basic properties are studied. Perspectives for future research are discussed.
Characterisation of the immune repertoire of a humanised transgenic mouse through immunophenotyping and high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Richardson Eve , Binter Špela , Kosmac Miha , Ghraichy Marie , von Niederhäusern Valentin , Kovaltsuk Aleksandr , Galson Jacob D , Trück Johannes , Kelly Dominic F , Deane Charlotte M , Kellam Paul , Watson Simon J
Published: March 2023

Immunoglobulin loci-transgenic animals are widely used in antibody discovery and increasingly in vaccine response modelling. In this study, we phenotypically characterised B-cell populations from the Intelliselect Transgenic mouse (Kymouse) demonstrating full B-cell development competence. Comparison of the naïve B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires of Kymice BCRs, naïve human, and murine BCR repertoires revealed key differences in germline gene usage and junctional diversification. These differences result in Kymice having CDRH3 length and diversity intermediate between mice and humans. To compare the structural space explored by CDRH3s in each species’ repertoire, we used computational structure prediction to show that Kymouse naïve BCR repertoires are more human-like than mouse-like in their predicted distribution of CDRH3 shape. Our combined sequence and structural analysis indicates that the naïve Kymouse BCR repertoire is diverse with key similarities to human repertoires, while immunophenotyping confirms that selected naïve B cells are able to go through complete development.
On the Quest to Study Abroad; Cultural, Linguistic and Economic Fallouts- matters Arising In Nigeria
Authors: Onesimus Azunwanna
Published: March 2023

Nigerian language and culture are endangered because of a strong craving to study abroad. The upsurge in the number of Nigerian youths fleeingthe country still grows for many reasons: while some go in pursuit of university education, others simply go in search of greener pastures. Yet, the cultural cum linguistic and economic implications of this mass exodus of the supposedly best brains of the country have received little or no scholarly attention. This paper therefore presents a discourse cum psycholinguistic analysis of some online newspaper publications on the presence and activities of Nigerians in oversea countries vis-à-vis, the aftermath on the Nigerian nation. The methodology involves a critical reading of selected online newspaper publications on educational issues in Nigeria and abroad. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Linguistic Theory (1929), and Anchimbe and Janney (2017) Postcolonial Pragmatic Theory are used to account for the hybridic discourses resulting from the mixture of different sociocultural and linguistic elements as a corollary of colonization. The results show that the alarming taste for oversea education in Nigeria has not only corrupted our communication system and cultural demeanor, it has also impacted negatively on the value of our currency, contributed to the general weakness of the Nigerian local universities and ultimately led to brain drain in Nigeria. It is therefore concluded that this trend has taken from us far more than whatever good it has brought and should immediately be discontinued as a necessary route to our cultural and economic emancipation.
Energy efficiency in industrial environments: an updated review and a new research agenda
Authors: Fenerich Francielle Cristina , Guedes Karoline , Cordeiro Nelly Heine Marques , Lima Gislayne de Souza , De Oliveira André Luis Gazoli
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, discussions about the use of energy efficiency in industries have intensified due to the need to optimize the resources used, especially the high cost in the production process. In this context, a literature review and a research agenda on energy efficiency in industrial environments can assist in the search for solutions and challenges to reduce energy consumption in manufacturing, as well as identify future trends for the topic. Therefore, this article proposes to update the energy efficiency research agenda in industrial environments, through a systematic review of the literature, between the years 2015 and 2020, in search of articles published in journals with current practices and the new strategies used in energy management. For the review of the research agenda, one hundred and eighty-five articles were selected, which were read and used in the bibliometric analysis, which was compared to the results obtained and observed in the base article for this update, thus helping in directing the creation of an agenda for studies and practices in energy efficiency in manufacturing environments.
Scientific research trends about metaheuristics in process optimization and case study using the desirability function
Authors: Cardoso Ronald Palandi , Reis José Salvador da Motta , Silva Dayana Elizabeth Werderits , De Almeida Maria da Glória Diniz , De Barros José Glenio Medeiros , Sampaio Nilo Antonio de Souza
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to identify the research gaps in Metaheuristics, taking into account the publications entered in a database in 2015 and to present a case study of a company in the Sul Fluminense region using the Desirability function. To achieve this goal, applied research of exploratory nature and qualitative approach was carried out, as well as another of quantitative nature. As method and technical procedures were the bibliographical research, some literature review, and an adopted case study respectively. As a contribution of this research, the holistic view of opportunities to carry out new investigations on the theme in question is pointed out. It is noteworthy that the identified study gaps after the research were prioritized and discriminated, highlighting the importance of the viability of metaheuristic algorithms, as well as their benefits for process optimization.
Custos ocultos: uma análise de seus efeitos em uma empresa do segmento de prestação de serviços mecânicos na região do cone sul do estado de Rondônia
Authors: Nunes Lucas William Reis , Miotto Nicolly Nunes , De Souza José Arilson , Porto Wellington Silva
Published: March 2023

A importância do controle de custos se baseia, principalmente, no impacto negativo que eles têm sobre o lucro das empresas. Não diferente dos demais, os custos ocultos também impactam em seu resultado. Sendo assim, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os custos ocultos presentes em uma empresa de pequeno porte, prestadora de serviços mecânicos, na região do Cone Sul de Rondônia, utilizando o Método IMPM (Integrated Manufacturing Performance Measure), Modelo de Desempenho Global de Produção, desenvolvido por Son e Park (1987), com o qual foram relacionados os efeitos dos custos ocultos sobre a produtividade econômica da empresa. O valor de custos ocultos identificados foi de R$452.581,85, sendo identificado nas categorias: ociosidade, estoque de produtos acabados, absenteísmo e atestado médico. O valor, identificado, foi considerado significativo quando comparado ao valor total de custos tangíveis apurados. Foram identificados os índices de produtividade nos itens custos com mão-de-obra direta, matéria prima, energia elétrica, depreciação e instalações, sem a participação dos custos ocultos e com a participação deles, a fim de apontar seu impacto e variação dos índices. Percebeu-se assim, que os custos ocultos identificados impactam negativamente no resultado da empresa. Sendo, o controle, relevante por, não apenas apontar e identificar os custos ocultos presentes na estrutura da empresa, mas também apontar seu efeito sobre os resultados dela em cada item. Desse modo, concluiu-se que, a identificação e mensuração de custos ocultos, bem como a busca por meios para reduzi-los é relevante.
Como vejo a natureza: uma visão agroecológica dos pequenos apicultores familiares do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Moreira Dário Policarpo dos Santos , Da Silva Edinal Salustiano , Holanda João Clécio de Sousa , Moraes Nayara Alyne Costa , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Siqueira Filho Valdemar
Published: March 2023

O discernimento da escassez dos recursos naturais voltado à produção industrial e a exploração de maneira ilimitada para benefício da produção econômica, associado à degradação ambiental, têm afetado a qualidade de vida do ser humano, que defronta-se com a necessidade de um novo conceito de filosofia, economia e direito para a execução da ética ambiental, olhando para a natureza como um reflexo de uma crise socioambiental desenvolvida pelo processo produtivo “selvagem” do intercâmbio mercantil. Com isso, essa pesquisa objetivou analisar a relação entre o apicultor e a natureza por meio da informação dos agricultores familiares de cadeias de produção do mel do Rio Grande do Norte. Essa pesquisa caracteriza-se como aplicada, com objetivo descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, por ter o objetivo de analisar a simbiótica relação homem-natureza. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com coleta de dados a partir de entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado. Participaram do estudo seis agricultores familiares pertencentes à cadeia produtiva do mel, categorizados como apicultores da agricultura familiar. Para a interpretação dos resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa foi utilizada a análise interpretativa. Como resultado, evidenciou que os apicultores têm consciência que mantêm uma relação simbiótica ou cooperativa entre homem-natureza, na qual esses comportamentos humanos são novas formas de explorar os recursos naturais. Além disso, desenvolvem práticas sustentáveis para o manuseio e criação das abelhas, sem uso de equipamentos tecnológicos e pesticidas, tendo uma relação com a natureza envolvida pela florada e chuvas.
Turismo rural integrado a agricultura familiar: experiência da propriedade D’mary Morangos de Serranópolis do Iguaçu – PR
Authors: Feiden Armin , Marques Cleverson Aldrin , Ferrari Crislaine Trevisan da Rocha Ribeiro , Marcelino Daniela , Recalcatti Jonas Felipe , Hanzen Márcia , Zonin Wilson João
Published: March 2023

A agricultura familiar é a base da formação social e econômica da região Oeste do Paraná. A gerência da maioria das propriedades é feita pela própria família e o trabalho também. Porém, muitas dessas pequenas propriedades gerenciadas por agricultores familiares, são incapazes de produzir o suficiente para garantir meios de subsistência para as famílias. Entre as diversas possibilidades que se manifestam no espaço rural visando à complementação de renda nas unidades familiares de produção, encontramos as atividades associadas à prática do turismo rural. Nesse sentido o presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a vivência na propriedade da família Rustich, sob a ótica do Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável, conceituando a Pluriatividade na Agricultura Familiar, através da inserção do Turismo Rural na Agricultura Familiar (TRAF). A propriedade da família Rustich, é voltada pra produção de morangos de forma orgânica e a inserção do turismo rural na agricultura familiar vem sendo considerado uma das grandes alternativas de emprego e renda para a família, que através da pluriatividade, vem propiciando além de benefícios econômicos, práticas voltadas a preservação ambiental, ofertando alimentos livre de agrotóxicos e com valor nutritivo para os clientes e visitantes do município e região.
Desenvolvimento sustentável: da consciência às exigências, uma visão paradigmática do pensamento econômico ambiental
Authors: Portugal Nilton dos Santos , Portugal Júnior Pedro dos Santos , de Souza Wanderson Gomes , Alves Alessandro Ferreira , Paiva Lucas Rosa , Faria Rodrigo Braga
Published: March 2023

O trabalho objetiva apresentar os fundamentos e os conceitos relacionados ao desenvolvimento sustentável, bem como a evolução dos mesmos. Busca-se, especificamente, apresentar uma análise das principais linhas de pensamento econômico aplicadas ao contexto ambiental e uma discussão reflexiva e epistemológica sobre os caminhos trilhados pelas mesmas dentro da abordagem paradigmática de Burrel e Morgan. Compõe-se de três capítulos principais: o primeiro trata a evolução dos conceitos sobre desenvolvimento sustentável; o segundo busca analisar as principais linhas de pensamento da economia do meio ambiente e seus direcionamentos centrais; por último, as discussões e reflexões dessas linhas de pensamento no contexto paradigmático.
Gigatonne Carbon Dioxide Removal Can Reverse Global Heating Trend
Authors: Valone Thomas F.
Published: March 2023

It is a surprising realization to many that a changing temperature tightly correlates with the carbon dioxide (CO2) levels worldwide in a linear, lockstep manner with a reversible but very short temporal feedback loop of only a few decades. A mapping of the past 400,000 years of earth’s climate history by Hansen, based on the Vostok ice core sampling, offers a glimpse into this remarkably tight relationship between CO2 and global temperature levels but also the average sea level over four ice ages that are clearly delineated in his historic depiction of all three quantities. As his Table accompanying the graph is analyzed, an equation linking the three variables has now been generated, yielding a fresh view into how past decades of hundreds of gigatons of atmospheric increase will continue to affect a worldwide temperature rise, also called “global warming.” The implication that is inescapable from such an analysis is that the presently stored CO2 level, far surpassing by over 40% those present in 1950, is the real cause of the physics “heat-trapping effect” seen worldwide. (Note: US tons are 0.907 of metric tonnes and both are used in this article.) Research accomplished in this review point to the heat-trapping property of CO2 as the major contributor to increasing heat worldwide and lead to the prediction of how much higher global temperature will rise if left unchecked, with the level of CO2 over 40% higher than it has ever been in more than 400,000 years. The proposed solution offered in this review is to initiate a 40 gigatonne carbon dioxide removal (CDR) annually in order to stabilize atmospheric CO2, to be followed by an expanded CDR effort toward a goal of 100 gigatonnes/year to begin reversing and lowering global temperature.
Sustainable Agriculture and Livestock Integrated Farming Systems for Small and Marginal Farmers: A Case Study of Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Murthy A. Krishna , Muninarayanappa M.
Published: March 2023

Indian economy heavily depends on agriculture and livestock. Integration of livestock with crop provide scope for effective utilization of byproducts which assures the profitability of the farming system. Integrated farming system approach is required to enhance the living standards of small and marginal farmers. A study was conducted on ‘Sustainable livelihoods for small and marginal farmers through agriculture and livestock activities – A study of farming systems in Kurnool district’ with an objective to identify profitable and sustainable farming systems under major farming situations of Kurnool district. The results revealed that the farming systems with one or more livestock components were found profitable. The economic sustainability of the faming systems was evolved through Sustainability Value Index (SVI). 3 out of 5 farming systems in the rainfed black soils were found sustainable. But only one farming system in rainfed red soils was found sustainable and none of the farming systems in irrigated black soils were found sustainable. The results of the study are useful for small and marginal farmers to adopt the suitable farming system.
A comparative analysis of DOACs vs warfarin for venous thromboembolism treatment in renal insufficiency
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10 Turkey & OperationResearch Center in healthcare, Near East University,99138 Nicosia/TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey, Balcioglu Ozlem , Usanase Natacha , Uzun Berna , Ozsahin Ilker , Uzun Ozsahin Dilber
Published: March 2023

Aim: Annually, millions of people die from kidney diseases making it a serious public health concern. Patients with renal insufficiency have hemostatic defects that enhance their risk of thrombosis and bleeding. Evaluating the advantages and hazards of anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis is challenging. Material and Methods: By using the fuzzy preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation (fuzzy PROMETHEE) and fuzzy multi-criteria optimization and compromise solution (fuzzy VIKOR), which are analytical multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, this study aims to analyze diverse types of anticoagulants; specifically, Vitamin K-Antagonist (warfarin) and direct oral anticoagulants namely; Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, and Edoxaban, by considering various criteria. Results: Direct oral anticoagulants outperformed warfarin in terms of safety and effectiveness. Among all the analyzed anticoagulants, Apixaban was found to be the best-ranked anticoagulant with both fuzzy PROMETHEE and fuzzy VIKOR, with a net flow of 0.0064 and the lowest Qj value of 0.0000, respectively, compared with other alternatives depending on the selected criteria while warfarin was found to be the least ranked anticoagulant with a net flow of -0.0043 and the highest number of Qj being 1, respectively. Conclusion: The MCDM techniques used were effective, highly accurate, and sensitive in the comparison of anticoagulant therapy for venous thrombosis in renal insufficiency based on the chosen criteria. The proper use of a safe and effective anticoagulant will boost better performance not only in patients’ survival and well-being but also in the health care center.
Six different surgical method options according to etiology in repair of arteriovenous fistula aneurysms
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Işık Mehmet , Tanyeli̇ Ömer ,   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
Published: March 2023

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the considerations that should be taken into account when choosing a surgical method and the early results of six methods used for repair in patients who underwent surgical repair due to arteriovenous fistula (AVF) aneurysms. Material and Methods: One hundred and five patients who underwent AVF aneurysm repair between 2012 and 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Methods for surgical repair were used according to the etiology: Plication, Arteriotomy constrictions and plication, Aneurysm excision and creation of a new fistula, Saphenous vein or synthetic graft interposition, End-to-end anastomosis and plication after aneurysm excision, Banding method. Results: Sixty-one of the cases were male and 44 were female. The mean age was 56.6 (27-75) years. The total number of surgeries was 119, including the surgeries and reoperations performed in 2 planned sessions. As surgical method, 44 Plication, 13 Arteriotomy constrictions and plication, 10 Aneurysm excision and creation of a new fistula, 25 Saphenous vein or synthetic graft interposition, 13 End-to-end anastomosis and plication after aneurysm excision and 14 Banding methods were used. AVF flow of 38 patients was measured to be over 1700 ml/min, and 34 of these patients had an arteriotomy length of more than 7 mm. In patients who underwent repair due to high flow rate, an average of 30-65% flow reduction was achieved compared to the preoperative period. In the first postoperative 3 months, 7 (6%) patients required reoperation. Fistula loss did not occur in any of the patients who underwent repair. Conclusion: The etiology of aneurysm, flow rate, aneurysm localization, and the presence of intimal hyperplasia or chronic thrombus are important in choosing an aneurysm repair method. We think that the results will be positively affected if the surgical method is determined according to the association of one or few of these factors.
Harnessing the Promise of Artificial Intelligence Responsibly
Authors: Dorr David A. , Adams Laura , Embí Peter
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the benefits and potential harms of using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in medicine and proposes the collaborative creation of a Code of Conduct for AI in Health Care.
Broad Patent Claims Come Before the Supreme Court in Amgen v Sanofi
Authors: Tu S. Sean , Nagar Sarosh , Van de Wiele Victor L.
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint discusses a current Supreme Court lawsuit, Amgen v Sanofi, involving Amgen’s broad patents on PCSK9 that could effectively prevent other manufacturers from producing similar or even clinically superior antibodies, with important negative consequences for patients.
Trajectory of Health-Related Quality of Life After Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Widjaja Elysa , Puka Klajdi , Speechley Kathy N. , Ferro Mark A. , Connolly Mary B. , Major Philippe , Gallagher Anne , Almubarak Salah , Hasal Simona , Ramachandrannair Rajesh , Andrade Andrea , Xu Qi , Leung Edward , Snead O. Carter , Smith Mary Lou
Published: March 2023

Importance

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is regarded as a key outcome for evaluating treatment efficacy. However, it is uncertain how HRQOL evolves after epilepsy surgery compared with medical therapy, such as whether it continues to improve over time, improves and then remains stable, or deteriorates after a period of time.

Objective

To assess trajectory of HRQOL over 2 years in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) treated with surgery compared with medical therapy.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Prospective cohort study assessing HRQOL longitudinally over 2 years. Participants were children recruited from 8 epilepsy centers in Canada from 2014 to 2019 with suspected DRE aged 4 to 18 years who were evaluated for surgery. Data were analyzed from May 2014 to December 2021.

Exposures

Epilepsy surgery or medical therapy.

Main Outcomes and Measures

HRQOL was measured using the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire (QOLCE)-55. HRQOL and seizure frequency were assessed at baseline, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-ups. Clinical, parent, and family characteristics were assessed at baseline. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate HRQOL over time, adjusting for baseline clinical, parent, and family characteristics.

Results

There were 111 surgical and 154 medical patients (mean [SD] age at baseline was 11.0 [4.1] years; 118 [45%] were female). At baseline, HRQOL was similar among surgical and medical patients. HRQOL of surgical patients was 3.0 (95% CI, −0.7 to 6.8) points higher at 6-month, 4.9 (95% CI, 0.7 to 9.1) points higher at 1-year, and 5.1 (95% CI, 0.7 to 9.5) points higher at 2-year follow-ups compared with medical patients. Surgical patients experienced greater improvements in social functioning relative to medical patients, but not for cognitive, emotional, and physical functioning. At 2-year follow-up, 72% of surgical patients were seizure-free, compared with 33% of medical patients. Seizure-free patients reported higher HRQOL than those who were not.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study provided evidence on the association between epilepsy surgery and children’s HRQOL, with improvement in HRQOL occurring within the first year and remaining stable 2 years after surgery. By demonstrating that surgery improved seizure freedom and HRQOL, which has downstream effects such as better educational attainment, reduced health care resource utilization, and health care cost, these findings suggest that the high costs of surgery are justified, and that improved access to epilepsy surgery is necessary.