bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forensic expert conclusion at examination of living persons with injury of organs of external respiration
Authors: Gubin M. , Churaev V. , Borshch S. , Saenko M.
Published: September 2021

Purpose of the work - analysis of the features of drawing up a forensic medical expert conclusion based on the results of determining the severity of injuries in victims with closed trauma of the organs of external respiration (OER), depending on its morphological and clinical characteristics and severity, in order to find ways to unify the expert assessment.Material and methods. 183 conclusions of the expert from the Kharkiv regional bureau of forensic-medical examination regarding the trauma of the OER were analyzed.Results. Severe bodily injuries were defined in 17 (9.3%) cases of injuries with life-threatening phenomena. Injury of moderate severity was defined in 151 (82.5%) cases of injuries in the absence of danger to life. Minor bodily injuries were defined in 15 (8.2%) cases.Conclusion. In the expert conclusions, there are cases of both underestimation and overestimation of the severity of bodily injuries in cases of blunt trauma of the OER. According to the results of the study, the ways of unification of the morpho-clinical approach of the forensic medical assessment of the indicated bodily injuries were determined.
Problem questions regarding rationale expert results in cases of occurrence deaths from strongulation asphixia
Authors: Dudnyk V.
Published: September 2021

Purpose – to analyze the state of the level of research and macroscopic diagnosis by forensic experts of corpses in cases of strangulation asphyxia by sectional methods, detection of specific and general asphyxial signs.Material and methods. As objects of research, the maintenance of «Conclusions of the expert» was studied, first of all, for their compliance with the «Rules of carrying out forensic medical examination (research) of corpses in the bureau of forensic medical examination» on the following indicators: 1) quality and completeness of description of external damages, dimensional parameters; 2) completeness of internal research; 3) description and reflection of species and general asphyxiation features; 4) referral to laboratory research methods; 5) use of additional sectional techniques; 6) completeness and correctness of summarizing.Results and conclusions. In accordance with the modern requirements of evidence-based medicine, when conducting forensic expert examinations of corpses with strangulation asphyxia, it is not enough to rely only on macroscopic signs when conducting forensic medical expert examinations of corpses with strangulation asphyxia. Our analysis of archival data from the "Expert Conclusions" suggests that most experts treat their responsibilities irresponsibly, do not attach importance and difference between such concepts as species characteristics of strangulation and general asphyxiation. In compiling the results, experts rely only on the presence of a strangulation furrow and general asphyxiation signs. In the “Conclusions of experts” we analyzed, some species traits were unjustifiably classified as general asphyxiation manifestations, and some were not paid attention to or were not studied at all.
Dampak Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar ASEAN Terhadap Pola Kerjasama ASEAN Menghadapi Krisis Kudeta Myanmar
Authors: Putri Alvela , Jasmine Putri , Salma Riana , Bagasta Galang , Faturrahman M. Padhil
Published: September 2021

ASEAN as a regional organization has fundamental principles that underlie all activities carried out by member countries. This basic principle was recorded in the TAC (Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in South-East Asia) in 1976. However, in February 2021, one of the ASEAN member countries, Myanmar, was facing a crisis caused by a coup by the Myanmar military. ASEAN has a fundamental principle that keeps member countries from interfering with each other. However, the Myanmar crisis could affect other member countries and ASEAN cooperation. This study aims to determine the pattern of ASEAN cooperation in dealing with the Myanmar crisis under the basic principles of ASEAN. The research method used is a case study method with this type of research as qualitative research. This paper concludes that ASEAN principles which contrasting to the issues that currently occur make it difficult for ASEAN to make a foreign policy-making approach to the issue of the Myanmar military coup. In addition, this paper also concludes that to overcome the limits given by these basic principles, ASEAN takes an approach through the ASEAN Way of Diplomacy.
Fréquence de la consommation d’alcool chez les Canadiennes en âge de procréer
Authors: Varin Mélanie , Palladino Elia , Hill MacaEachern Kate , Belzak Lisa , Baker Melissa M.
Published: September 2021

Introduction

La publication de données sur la consommation d’alcool chez les Canadiennes en âge de procréer comble une lacune importante en matière de données probantes.

Méthodologie

Nous avons analysé, à l’aide des données de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes de 2019, les taux de consommation hebdomadaire et de consommation excessive d’alcool chez les femmes de 15 à 54 ans en fonction de caractéristiques sociodémographiques, de la province de résidence et de la consommation simultanée d’autres substances.

Résultats

Parmi la population cible, 30,5 % des femmes interrogées ont fait état d’une consommation hebdomadaire d’alcool et 18,3 % d’une consommation excessive d’alcool au cours des 12 derniers mois. Les proportions variaient en fonction des caractéristiques sociodémographiques, de la province et de la consommation de substances. Les différences les plus notables et les plus significatives étaient liées à la consommation de cannabis et au tabagisme.

Conclusion

Ces renseignements peuvent aider les prestataires de soins de santé à évaluer la consommation d’alcool et à promouvoir une consommation d’alcool à faible risque afin de prévenir l’exposition à l’alcool durant la grossesse.
Агро-техно-экономическая эффективность ротационной садовой косилки
Authors: Апажев Аслан , Шекихаче Юрий , Хажметов Лиуан
Published: September 2021

Наибольшей перспективой для почвозащитной системы ведения горного садоводства обладает мульчирующая система ухода за почвой. При этом в качестве мульчматериала следует использовать скошенную и измельченную растительность растительность. Наибольший эффект от мульчирования растительности в условиях горного садоводства достигается при применении косилочных устройств, использование которых позволяет наиболее полно реализовать дерново-перегнойную систему содержания почвы в садах.

Для реализации указанной системы содержания почвы в садах нами разработана и испытана ротационная косилка эшелонированного резания.

В результате измерения физических характеристик почвы и обеспе-ченности ее влагой установлено, что насыщенный корнями слой почвы на глубине 30 см самый рыхлый при мульчировании. В относительном выражении увеличение содержания влаги в метровом слое почвы террас выше на 24,6%, чем без применения предлагаемых агротехнических приемов. Мульчирование снижает сток в 3...4,5 раза, а смыв в 3,8...6 раз. Использование разработанной косилки обеспечивает: экономический эффект за счет повышения урожайности и качества плодов в размере 5,52 тыс. руб/га; чистый дисконтированный доход за период эксплуатации (5 лет) в 11866,42 тыс. руб. на площади 100 га; снижение себестоимости выполнения технологического процесса в 2 раза; снижение трудовых затрат в 1,5 раза; снижение эксплуатационных затрат в 2,1 раза.
Audit in the context of coronavirus
Authors: Efremova Elena Ilyinichna , Prodanova Natalia Alekseevna , Kovaleva Kseniya Alexandrovna , Saradzheva Olga Vladimirovna , Glazkova Galina Vladimirovna , Kiseleva Elena Mikhailovna
Published: September 2021

At the present stage the world economy is characterized by the process of increasing the interdependence of national economies, which is due to the stagnation of commodity markets, economic crises around the world and the presence of negative financial trends. The process of increasing the interdependence of national economies is based, among other things, on national selfishness, which is manifested more and more often. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a temporary break in financial and economic ties and relations, which in turn leads to significant changes in both the Russian and global economy as a whole. At present, the question of the possible duration of the pandemic and the quarantine measures imposed because of it remains open, but it is obvious that the impact is not just an interruption of the activities of the national economy or an increase in the burden on budgets due to the increase in additional costs. We are talking about the formation of a new type of economy.
Paradigm methodology of modern educational phenomena
Authors: Tsybulko Olga , Semashko Tetiana , Zhukova Halyna , Yaroshenko Alla , Shapovalova Iryna
Published: September 2021

During the period of socio-economic and political transformations, the development of higher historical pedagogical education acquires special significance, since it always reflects the policy and ideology of the state, the goals and objectives of society, due to the peculiarities of its development, the need for training highly qualified specialists. It reflects the level of development of science, economy, culture, mental characteristics nations, its traditions and the like. Such a change is objectively conditioned, because the philosophical foundations of educational policy, the organization of training and education are transformed (at best) resonantly to the fluctuations of the ideal substance of the Universe (world outlook), and therefore cannot be determined once and for all. Therefore, in the search for an answer to the key questions of an educational nature, it is necessary, first of all, to analyze the educational paradigms, which (as the retrospective analysis shows) replace each other.
New Numerical Approach for Solving Abel’s Integral Equations
Authors: Şenel Ayşe Anapalı , Öztürk Yalçın , Gülsu Mustafa
Published: September 2021

In this article, we present an efficient method for solving Abel’s integral equations. This important equation is consisting of an integral equation that is modeling many problems in literature. Our proposed method is based on first taking the truncated Taylor expansions of the solution function and fractional derivatives, then substituting their matrix forms into the equation. The main character behind this technique’s approach is that it reduces such problems to solving a system of algebraic equations, thus greatly simplifying the problem. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the preciseness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Figures and tables are demonstrated to solutions impress. Also, all numerical examples are solved with the aid of Maple.
First Evaluation of the PTN-104 Plethysmographic Sensor for Heart Rate Measurement
Authors: Szaj Wiesław , Wojnarowska Wiktoria , Pajdo Bogdan
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of HR measurements by the PTN-104 sensor in comparison to the fingertip pulse oximeter, which is a photoplethysmographic sensor (PPG). Twelve healthy participants underwent the same protocol during a single visit. Measurements were taken after each participant completed an initial rest period of 5 minutes and after 1-minute of exercising comprising of 30 squats. Each subject had the PTN-104 sensor attached to the index finger and a fingertip pulse oximeter to the opposite one. When examining the data in aggregate, there was a strong correlation between the PTN-104 sensor and PPG for HR (r = 0.988) with a mean bias of −2.55 bpm (95 % LoA +5.0, −10.1). The PTN-104 sensor satisfied validity criteria for HR monitors, however, showed a lower accuracy for measurements at rest, which is surprising. Due to the noticed limitations, this study should be repeated with a larger group of subjects and the PTN-104 sensor should be compared to the gold standard method for measuring HR, which is ECG.
A Novel Three-stage Feature Fusion Methodology and its Application in Degradation State Identification for Hydraulic Pumps
Authors: Pei Mochao , Li Hongru , Yu He
Published: September 2021

The performance of feature is essential to the degradation state identification for hydraulic pumps. The initial feature set extracted from the vibration signal of the hydraulic pump is often high-dimensional and contains redundant information, which undermines the effectiveness of the feature set. The novel three-stage feature fusion scheme proposed in this paper aims to enhance the performance of the original features extracted from the vibration signal. First, sparse local Fisher discriminant analysis (SLFDA) performs intra-set fusion within the two original feature sets, respectively. SLFDA has a good effect on samples with intra-class multimodality, and the feature set fused by it has obvious multivariate normal distribution characteristics, which is conducive to the next fusion. Second, our modified intra-class correlation analysis (MICA) is used to fuse two feature sets in the second stage. MICA is a CCA (Canonical correlation analysis) -based method. A new class matrix is used to modify the covariance matrix between two feature sets, which allows MICA to conveniently inherit the discriminating structure while fusing features. Finally, we propose a feature selection algorithm based on kernel local Fisher discriminant analysis (KLFDA) and kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA) to select the desired features. This algorithm based on Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) framework solves the problem that CCA cannot properly evaluate the correlation between features and the class variable, as well as accurately evaluates the correlation among features. Based on the experimental data, the proposed method is compared with several popular methods, and the feature fusion methods used in some previous studies related to the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery are compared with it as well. The results show that the fusion effectiveness of our method is better than other methods, which obtains higher recognition accuracy.
Mixed-mode Method Used for Pt100 Static Transfer Function Linearization
Authors: Jovanović Jelena , Denić Dragan
Published: September 2021

Pt100 is a resistance temperature detector characterized by a relatively linear resistance/temperature relationship in a narrow temperature range. However, the Pt100 sensor shows a certain degree of static transfer function nonlinearity of 4.42 % in the range between −200 °C and 850 °C, which is unacceptable for some applications. As a solution to this problem, a mixed-mode linearization method based on a special dual-stage piecewise linear ADC design is proposed in this paper. The first stage of the proposed dual-stage piecewise linear ADC is performed with a low-complex and low-power flash ADC of a novel sequential design. The novelty of the proposed sequential design is reflected in the fact that the number of employed comparators is equal to the flash ADC resolution. The second stage is performed with a delta-sigma ADC with a differential input and differential reference. Using the 6-bit flash ADC of novel design and the 24-bit delta-sigma ADC, the nonlinearity error is reduced to 2.6·10−3 %, in the range between −200 °C and 850 °C. Two more ranges are examined, and the following results are obtained: in the range between 0 °C and 500 °C, the nonlinearity error is reduced from 1.99 % to 5·10−4 %, while in the range between −50 °C and 150 °C, the nonlinearity error is reduced from 0.755 % to 2.15·10−4 %.
What is the Sustainable Level of Banks’ Credit Losses and Provisions?
Authors: Malovaná Simona , Tesařová Žaneta
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we estimate the sustainable level of lifetime expected credit losses and provisions and assess the procyclicality of banks’ credit losses and provisions in the Czech Republic. Further, we discuss the implications of the results for provisioning in stage 3 under the IFRS 9. Based on the estimation results, we can identify periods of insufficient provisioning when the actual values were below the sustainable levels. Additionally, we show that credit losses and provisions behave procyclically (i.e., decrease with a rising output gap and increase with a falling output gap) while banks recognize impaired credit losses and create provisions with a delay of three to four quarters after the output gap starts shrinking. Such a delay may result in a sharp increase in lifetime expected credit losses and provisioning in response to a deterioration in economic conditions under the IFRS 9 regime.
Challenges in the Surgical Correction of Hiatal Hernias and Ways to Overcome Them
Authors: Galimov Oleg Vladimirovich , Khanov Vladislav Olegovich , Galimov Dmitry Olegovich
Published: September 2021

More than a thousand laparoscopic fundoplication operations for hiatal hernia (HH) have been performed at the Clinic of the Bashkir State Medical University over the period between 2000 and 2019 and the results of surgical treatment of 502 patients were analyzed. Our research results indicate that routine instrumental methods used in hiatal hernia diagnosis provide valuable information, however only their combined application allows us to establish the correct diagnosis in all patients. Authors propose a new original X-ray balloon method that allows to improve the quality of diagnosis of hiatal hernia significantly. Balloon X-ray allows us to establish the true dimensions of the hiatus and select the most appropriate treatment accordingly. Isolated fundoplication without plastic of esophageal opening was performed in 180 patients. Surgical correction of the hiatus was performed on 322 patients. Diaphragmcrouroraphy was carried out in 199 cases, in 123 cases mesh implants were used to support the crus of the diaphragm. In 215 cases, simultaneous surgical procedures were performed to treat multiple abdominal pathology. We studied the changes in quality of life of 100 patients with hiatal hernia before and after laparoscopic esophagofundoplication by comparing the results of the survey (questionnaires) and medical examination of the cardiac sphincter of the esophagus function. The vast majority of patients demonstrated a significant improvement in the cardiac closure function, a decrease in the frequency and severity of gastroesophageal reflux, and reduced signs of reflux esophagitis.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Ketrampilan Dasar Fotografi bagi Fotografer Wisata KOMPAK di Pantai Pulang Sawal, Gunungkidul
Authors: Apriyanto Fajar , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: September 2021

Komunitas Oesaha Masyarakat Pantai Kawasan Indrayanti (KOMPAK) adalah kelompok masyarakat lokal di Pantai Pulang Sawal, Gunungkidul yang mencari nafkah di sekitar pantai. Mereka melakukan berbagai aktivitas perekonomian yang terkait dengan pariwisata. Salah satunya adalah sebagai fotografer pengunjung wisata pantai. Para fotografer wisata tersebut mendapatkan ilmu fotografi secara otodidak baik dari sesama fotografer maupun dari media sosial. Karena itu, kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dasar fotografi anggota KOMPAK yang berprofesi sebagai fotografer. Kegiatan penyuluhan seni ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan Discipline-Based-Art-Education (DBAE) pada ranah praxis dan metode ceramah di dalam ruang untuk teori dan praktik di lokasi pantai untuk aplikasinya. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman tentang teori fotografi yang diperlihatkan dari kreativitas dan keterampilan saat pemotretan yang semakin beragam.
On the priority development areas in international tourism
Authors: VOSKRESENSKII Vladimir Yu.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article discusses the issues concerning the emergence of priority development areas in international tourism.
Objectives. I point out various types of priority development areas, evaluate their capabilities for tourism development.
Methods. The study is based on methods of analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, and SWOT analysis.
Results. The article describes in comparison of various types of priority development areas, spotlights their capabilities for tourism development. I propose a new type of priority development areas, such as a local recreation and health complex, and provide its description. Currently, inbound tourism grows more important, which almost surpasses economic expectations. As the confrontation between Russia and Western countries perseveres, inbound tourism serves as a crucial element of public diplomacy, or the so called soft power of Russia. Inbound tourism may definitely have a positive effect on the public sentiment in the Western countries and help mend international relations.
Conclusions and Relevance. It is still relevant and effective to create priority development areas, which can be used for the production and servicing sectors of the economy. The creation of priority development areas can give an additional impetus to tourism development. It is noteworthy that various types of priority development areas have their own strengths and weaknesses. It is important to maintain the optimization of inbound tourist flows, their more even dispersion across the area, and prevent excessive tourism in Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as the Black Sea resorts.
The volume of goods and services consumed by rural population as a metric of quality of life and standard of living
Authors: KOLOSKOVA Yuliya I. , PARSHUKOV Denis V. , SHAPOROVA Zinaida E.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article discusses the consumption of goods and services in rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai.
Objectives. We analyze the way the rural population consumes goods and services, evaluate the extent of their municipal differentiation by the standard of living and quality of life.
Methods. We draw upon the normative and comparative methods of data analysis by consumption of goods by the rural population and the availability of infrastructure.
Results. Social benefits were found to account for almost 40 percent of income received by the rural population. The population’s income strongly depends on social benefits in the majority of rural areas. The low income per capita determines the low purchasing power of the population. We demonstrate that most rural people consumes products they grow at their private land plots, thus reducing the share of retail turnover. Rural population practically cannot purchase goods for the long-term use. The volume of paid services per capita does keep below RUB 5,000 in the most of the rural areas.
Conclusions and Relevance. The study helped evaluate the consumption in the rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai and determine municipal districts where people need aid of the regional and federal authorities most of all. If institutional processes change in the rural areas, the social functions will be performed most effectively.
A MODERN VIEW ON THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF CHLOASMA
Authors:   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, MIRZOEVA M.KH. , MUKHAMADIEVA K.M. ,   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, KURBONBEKOVA P.K. ,   Department of Pathological Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: September 2021

The review presents an analysis of modern, domestic and foreign publications devoted to actual researches on the etiology and pathogenesis of chloasma. The article provides information on the relationship of chloasma with ultraviolet radiation, skin phototype, and a region of residence, hormonal status and concomitant pathology. Based on the generalized literature data, the authors emphasize the important role of disorders in the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in the development of chloasma. These processes lead to abnormalities of organs and systems and reflected in the state of local blood flow and functional parameters of the skin. In this regard, the authors point out that these factors are triggers for the development of this hypermelanosis in persons living in countries with a hot climate and belonging to a certain skin phototype. According to the author’s opinion, these pathophysiological mechanisms of chloasma development should be taken into account when developing the therapy algorithm. This provides an individual approach, taking into account the region of patient’s residence, his phototype, the state of local blood flow, functional parameters of the skin, concomitant pathology and disorders in the antioxidant defense system. Keywords: Chloasma, ultraviolet irradiation, hyperpigmentation, skin phototype.
Representaciones del caribe colombiano en el marco de los debates sobre la degeneracion de las razas: geografia, raza y nacion a comienzos del siglo xx
Authors: Flórez Bolívar Francisco
Published: September 2021

Este artículo analiza las imágenes que se construyeron desde el mundo andinosobre el Caribe colombiano en el marco del debate de la degeneración de lasrazas en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, y la forma cómo la élite del Caribereaccionó frente a las mismas.
Analysis of Society Perspective about Vintage Fashion Using Deconstruction Approach
Authors: Ilmi Assayyidah Bil Ichromatil
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, society perspective about vintage fashion as old-fashioned can be changed. This study aims to discuss the alteration perspective of society about vintage fashion. This discussion is conducted to see the other side of vintage fashion. This research is different from other fashion studies because it wants to show how to view the value of a fashion not in general way, especially using deconstruction approach. This study used qualitative methods in the form of interviews to get the data. The interviewees of this research were four young women who like to follow fashion development through social media. Their opinions are used as society representatives about vintage fashion. It will be connected with the theory of deconstruction like 'Differance.' In this case, people's perspective on vintage fashion changes due to the influence of influencers from various social media so that vintage fashion can be juxtaposed with modern style today. Therefore, vintage can get an identity as nowadays's clothes.
ОЦІНКА ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ МІЖБЮДЖЕТНИХ ВІДНОСИН
Authors: Savastieieva Oksana
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the dynamics of changes in the main budget indicators at the local level and highlights the charac-teristic trends. The scientific and methodological approach to the complex assessment of the financial stability of local budg-ets is proposed. necessary to step up public policy instruments to attract additional sources of funding in a context of decen-tralization. The integral indicator of financial sustainability of local budgets of Ukraine in 2019 was calculated and found that in most regions it tended to decrease except Chernihiv, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Kirovograd, Kiev, Vinnytsia and Kyiv. The advantages and prospects of using the proposed approach in terms of financial decentralization are substantiated
How I treat acne scars?
Authors: Lourdhurajan Renita , Selvadurairaj Subashini
Published: September 2021

The approach to managing acne scars is unique to every dermatologist. This depends on the skin type of his/her clientele, the tools, techniques and devices available and/or used, and the protocols developed based on his/her experience with treating acne scars, developed over a period of time. Herein, we share our algorithmic treatment approach to acne scars, which allows for a consultative decision-making together with the patient, while offering adequate flexibility to modify the plan based on treatment response. Eventually, a customized and comprehensive system works best, and a partnership approach signified by a robust self-care home plan, helps accelerate the scar revision process.
Kinetics and mechanism of oxidative decomposition of Congo red by Fenton’s reagent and its synergic effects on exposure to UV radiation
Authors: Rajendran P. , Geethu K. , Bashpa P. , Bijudas K.
Published: September 2021

Congo red is a toxic azo dye which is used extensively in industries like textile, paper, pulp and paper. Very high amount of Congo red from these industrial sources is discharged into natural water bodies resulting environmental pollution. The present work reports the kinetics and mechanism of oxidative decomposition of Congo red by Fenton’s reagent in homogeneous medium and also under ultra violet light irradiation. Kinetic parameters like effect of [Fe2+], [H2O2], [Congo red] and temperature on the decomposition of Congo red were studied. The reaction is found to be fractional order with [Fe2+] and first order with [H2O2] and [Congo red]. The rate of oxidative decomposition of Congo red by Fenton’ reagent showed a rapid increase of three times when irradiated with ultra violet radiation and completion of reaction occurred within 5-6 minute. Various thermodynamic variables were determined and the presence of isosbestic points on sequential scanning of oxidation kinetics proves that the reaction is very smooth, spontaneous and endothermic. A suitable mechanism is suggested based on the experimental results obtained.
Mycorrhizal Fungi and Potassium alleviating water stress imposed during different stages of growth in Phaseolus mungo
Authors: Sharma Navnita , Kumar Ashish , Aggarwal Ashok
Published: September 2021

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Funneliformis mosseae, Acaulospora laevis and potassium (70ppm and 100ppm) on Phaseolus mungo imposed to water stress during three stages of growth. Water stress increased peroxidase activity and reduced nutrient uptake, nodulation and yield as compared to well watered plants. Our results revealed reproductive stage to be the worst stage to experience water stress as the flowers weathered away and reproductive growth shortened resulting in lesser no. of pods followed by pod formation stage during which pod abortion occurred and weight of the pods was negatively affected. Vegetative stage was found to be least affected by water stress. Treatment of plants with mycorrhizae and potassium improved antioxidant enzyme activities, nutrient uptake, nodulation and yield as compared to control. Since the plants stressed during the reproductive stage had minimum peroxidase activity, triple inoculation of plants with FAK2 resulted in maximum enhancement of peroxidase activity (0.882) among the different treatments. With the same treatment, shoot phosphorus (1.806) was found to be maximum during the pod formation stage. Root phosphorus (1.633), nodulation (23.6) and yield in terms of number (11.8) and weight of pods (6.84) were found to be maximum during vegetative stage with FAK2 followed by FAK1. Funneliformis mosseae proved to be an efficient alleviator of stress during all the stages as compared to Acaulospora laevis and either dose of potassium. Funneliformis mosseae along with K2 i.e. 100ppm was quite effective among double treatments.
Effect of Biofertilizer (Fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam) on structure and biochemical components of Vigna radiata leaves
Authors: Balraj Thendral Hepsibha , Arumugam Geetha
Published: September 2021

Fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam (FFW-G) is rich in nutrients which can be exploited for agronomic purpose. Vigna radiata used in crop rotation increases the fertility of soil by biological nitrogen fixation. But currently the yield of Vigna radiata is reduced due to various factors including unsustainable application of chemical fertilizers that made the soil barren. Leaves play an important role in the overall performance of the plants. The present study analysed the effect of organic fertilizer, fermented fish waste – Gunapaselam on photosynthetic pigment level, total soluble sugar, nitrate, protein, mineral content and anatomical changes in the leaves of Vigna radiata. Experimental field study group includes Group I- Water; Group II – Chemical fertilizer (25:50:25:20 kg NPKS ha-1) and Group III- 1:100 diluted FFW-G. Fertilization with FFW-G has induced anatomical changes in the leaves of Vigna radiata which would increase the biosynthetic capacity. Application of FFW-G increased the photosynthetic pigment level which results in an increase in the amount of total sugars, nitrate, protein and mineral content (NPK) in the leaves of Vigna radiata. The results clearly confirm that application of FFW-G improves the biochemical components and structural features of Vigna radiata leaves. Thus, this kind of organic fertilizer will improve the photosynthetic efficiency of Vigna radiata and hence the yield.
Role of liquid sintering aids in the synthesis of SiAlON materials
Authors: Mandal B. , Das T.
Published: September 2021

The synthesis of dense sintered sialon with external additives selected from the system Y2O3-AlN-SiO2 is described. The highest density (3.21g/cc) was achieved at 1750ºC at 90 min of sintering with 5 wt% additive. Non-oxide ceramic materials are increasingly coming out as a potential candidate in engineering applications and among them, sialon is one of the most important materials. β-Sialon was first to be discovered in this class of compounds. It has an excellent combination of thermal, mechanical and chemical properties. The degree of sialon substitution increased with the amount of liquids, the YSiO2N crystalline phase formed concurrently. Strength degradation occurred above 1000ºC.The fracture toughness of the material sintered with a lower amount of sintering aid remained relatively unchanged to 1200ºC.
Adversity Vanquished: Memoirs of a McGill Medical Student, Harold W. Trott, 1918–1924
Authors: Michel Robert H.
Published: September 2021

This article examines the first half of the autobiography of Harold Trott (1899-1961), Campus Shadows, which describes his life as a medical student at McGill University between 1918 and 1924. It is one of the most detailed memoirs by a McGill student for any period. Trott wrote about his lectures, dissecting labs, clinics, bull sessions, money problems, professors, classmates, rowdy student initiations, and life at McGill’s Strathcona Hall residence and in Montreal rooming houses. His account is augmented and verified by background from student publications and the McGill University Archives. In his first year at McGill, Trott faced poverty, despair, and a paralyzing disease, the Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl Syndrome, which he described strikingly from the patient’s viewpoint and which he survived with the help of Dr. Colin Russel and the staff of the Royal Victoria Hospital. Trott described his long, painful recovery, including two interim years at University of Western Ontario, his final two years at McGill, and how he used the lessons from his medical training in his later medical practice, advocating natural remedies such as drinking water rather than drugs and pills. Practicing in New York State, he sympathized mildly with the idea of state-funded medical care, which was being advocated in his native Canada.ResuméCet article examine la première moitié de l’autobiographie de Harold Trott (1899-1961), Campus Shadows, qui décrit sa vie à titre d’étudiant en médecine à l’Université McGill entre 1918 et 1924. Les mémoires de Trott sont parmi les œuvres les plus détaillées de ce genre qu’un étudiant de McGill de n’importe quelle époque a rédigé. Il décrit ses cours, ses laboratoires de dissection, ses cliniques, ses discussions entre hommes, ses problèmes d’argent, ses professeurs, des séances bruyantes d’initiation d’étudiants, et sa vie à la résidence Strathcona Hall de McGill et dans des chambres à louer de Montréal. Son compte-rendu est élargi et vérifié à l’aide d’information provenant de publications étudiantes et des Archives de l’Université McGill. Au cours de sa première année à McGill, Trott fut confronté à la pauvreté, au désespoir, et à une maladie paralysante, le syndrome Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl, qu’il a décrit vivement du point de vue du patient et qu’il a survécu avec l’aide du docteur Colin Russel et du personnel de l’Hôpital Royal Victoria. Trott décrit sa longue et douloureuse guérison, incluant deux années intérimaires à l’University of Western Ontario, ses deux dernières années à McGill, et raconte comment il a par la suite utilisé les leçons de sa formation médicale dans sa pratique médicale, préférant les remèdes naturels comme la consommation d’eau plutôt que les drogues et les pilules. Pratiquant dans l’état de New York, il avait une certaine sympathie envers l’idée des soins médicaux financés par l’état, dont on faisait la promotion à cette époque dans son Canada natal.
“To go abroad from Scotland...” The South American Travel Diary of Thomas Wilson
Authors: Richard Marc
Published: September 2021

This paper describes an original typescript diary recently discovered in the collections of the McGill University Libraries. Written by an employee of a Scottish engineering firm on a business trip to South America in 1909 and 1910, it affords an intriguing glimpse into the Scottish presence in Latin America at the turn of the century.ResuméCet article décrit un manuscrit original dactylographié récemment découvert dans les collections des Bibliothèques de l’Université McGill. Rédigé par un employé d’une compagnie écossaise de génie en voyage d’affaire en Amérique du sud en 1909 et 1910, ce journal permet d’entrevoir la présence écossaise en Amérique latine à cette époque.
Discovering a ‘Hidden’ Collection: Early Printed Books and Old Master Prints in the McGill Library Collected by T.W. Mussen
Authors: Kochkina Svetlana
Published: September 2021

Thomas W. Mussen (1832–1901) was the rector of the Anglican Church at West Farnham, Québec from 1859 to 1901, and bequeathed his collection of old master prints and early printed books to McGill University. This article describes a special project undertaken by the author in order to reconstruct the collection that has long remained hidden from the research community. This article analyses the book collection under language (5 categories), place of publication (3), date of publication (7), and subject (8) and demonstrates the uniqueness of the collection by comparing it to the holdings of other Canadian libraries.ResuméThomas W. Mussen (1832–1901) était le recteur de l’église anglicane à West Farnham, Québec de 1859 à 1901 qui a légué sa collection d’estampes et livres rares à l’Université McGill. Cet article décrit le projet spécial entrepris par l’auteur dans le but de reconstruire de sa collection longtemps cachée de la communauté de recherche. Cet article analyse la collection de livres en fonction de la langue (5 catégories), du lieu de publication (3), de la date de publication (7), et des sujets (8) et prouve le caractère unique de sa collection en la comparant aux fonds des autres bibliothèques canadiennes.
The Falcon: The Statue of a Winged Youth at McGill
Authors: Hanaway Joseph
Published: September 2021

The Falcon statue, created by R. Tait McKenzie, stands as a beacon just outside the entrance of the McLennan Library Building on the main campus of McGill University.  The process of acquiring this statue was not straightforward but owing to the persistence of Principal F. Cyril James the statue of the winged youth made its way to McGill.
A review on: Alternatives to animal experimental models
Authors: Imtiyaz Ansari  , Nitesh Gupta  , Abhaykumar Yadav
Published: September 2021

An English solicitor, Jeremy Bentham, disdained the unregulated use of livestock, in the literature of 1780, which cast doubt on the inability to pay morale to animals. Animal experiment was fundamental to scientific science during his life, but it has also been a question of heated popular and intellectual discourse from decades. Since then, general understanding and attitudes have strengthened against the unethical or cruel application of animals for research purposes. Russell & Burch provided in 1959 the principles set out during UFAW of the clinical lab method. The alternative measures, replacements, or non-animal steps shall be used as alternatives for live animal methods, or methods of measurement without live animal use. The term 'alternative' refers to approaches or strategies that substitute the overall use of laboratory animals, minimize the number of animals used, or enhance a current system or technology to reduce animal stress. In recent years, the creation of alternatives to animals has been accelerated by designing projects with the intention of developing and introducing alternatives. This report summarizes the key potential approaches to animal science. An integrated use of these techniques will offer an insight into the minimal use of animals for experimental research.
Responsiveness 0f Parents Towards Their Children’s Prime Dental Visit – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: SVS G Nirmala , Dasaraju Rupak Kumar , Tirupathi Sunny Priyatham , Nuvvula Sivakumar
Published: September 2021

Aim: To assess parent’s knowledge concerning the timing of the first dental visit of their children, the parent’s attitude towards behavior modification for their children in the first dental visit and to find out the main reason to convoy the child to the dental clinic among the parents attending to the pediatric dentistry. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was done among the parents who brought their children to a paediatric dental clinic, a self- administered questionnaire consisting of 12 items and questionnaires were given separately to the parents to minimize the bias. Responses obtained were tabulated and the results of the questionnaire were expressed as frequency distribution and computed in percentages. Results: Forty-eight per cent of parents expressed that the first dental visit should be at 6 years of age. 60.4% believed that first dental visit is important and 34.7% of the parents stated that child will be uncooperative in the first year and 35.6% parents agreed to promote behavior guidance during the first dental visit if their children do not have pain, motivation is the best approach tobring the child to the clinic. 77% expressed emergency was the reason to visit the dentist and 69.4% expressed if chief complaint is treated there is no need to visit a dentist. Conclusion: Majority of the parents were not aware the exact time for first dental visit due to lack of awareness. Parents disagree with behavior guidance in the first dental visit; motivation was the best approach to carry the child to the dental clinic and whenever there is an emergency then they visit a dentist. There is no need to visit a dentist if the chief complaint is treated.
Cellular immune response in acute hepatitis B leading to chronic carrier state
Authors: Morsi M. G. , Zaki S. A. , Kamal M. K. , Sadaka S. A. , El Shimy Y. M.
Published: September 2021

Immunological studies among jaundiced patients revealed significant changes in T-helper and T-suppressor cells among chronic HBV cases from the acute and control groups. The chronic cases revealed a highly significant decrease in interleukin-2R expression but their low interferon-gamma values were statistically nonsignificant from the control group. The acute cases recorded the highest interleukin-2R and interferon-gamma values. Lymphocyte blastogenesis assay in response to different mitogens and antigens produced two groups:responders [acute cases] and nonresponders [chronic cases]. The responders revealed more intact specific and nonspecific cellular immune responses. Neither group differed with regard to their proliferative response to HBsAg, but vigorous response to HBcAg was a significant feature of the responders
Knowledge, attitudes and practices survey among health care workers and tuberculosis patients in Iraq
Authors: Hashim D. S. , Al Kubaisy W. , Al Dulayme A.
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centers throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices towards tuberculosis [TB]. Using structured questionnaire interviews, the study showed 64.4% of patients had good knowledge, while 54.8% had negative attitudes and practices towards TB. The 2 most important sources of patient information about TB were physicians and television. Of health care workers, 95.5% had good knowledge about TB and this was significantly associated with age and job duration. By contrast, health care workers’ practice was poor: only 38.2% handled suspected TB cases correctly. The national TB programme in Iraq has had a good impact on knowledge of TB patients and health care workers
Do doctors in north-western Somalia follow the national guidelines for tuberculosis management?
Authors: Suleiman B. A. , Houssein A. I. , Mehta F. , Hinderaker S. G.
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge and practices of registered practitioners in management of tuberculosis [TB] in north-western Somalia. Of 100 registered doctors, 53 were interviewed. Of these, 32 [64%] had treated TB patients during the previous year, but only 1 had notified the authorities, 33 [66%] knew the most important symptoms and 32 [64%] identified sputum smear microscopy as the most important diagnostic test. Only 4 doctors prescribed the correct regimen and only 7 advocated direct observation. Suboptimal knowledge was more common among doctors working in private practice [relative risk: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1-4.3]. Patients are being treated in the private sector, but few doctors follow national treatment guidelines. Training in diagnosis and case management is needed to improve TB control in Somalia
Adherence of the private sector to national tuberculosis guidelines in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2001-02
Authors: Shirzadi M. R. , Majdzadeh R. , Pourmalek ,F. , Naraghi K.
Published: September 2021

We determined the knowledge and practice of private sector physicians in three cites regarding management of pulmonary tuberculosis [TB] and their determinants. A random sample questionnaire survey was conducted of 732 private physicians. Stratified analysis and logistic regression were used to identify the adjusted determinants of the two outcomes. A high proportion of the doctors had correct knowledge about the major diagnostic criteria but there was a low level of knowledge and practice of TB management. Significant risk factors for poor knowledge were age > / = 36 years, being a GP rather than a specialist and no attendance in TB training courses or attendance in courses held by institutions other than the public health system. Age > / = 36 years was the only significant risk factor for poor practice
Characterisation of vaccine breakthrough infections of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Alpha variants and within-host viral load dynamics in the community, France, June to July 2021
Authors: Blanquart François , Abad Clémence , Ambroise Joëvin , Bernard Mathieu , Cosentino Gina , Giannoli Jean-Marc , Débarre Florence
Published: September 2021

We compared PCR results from SARS-CoV-2-positive patients tested in the community in France from 14 June to 30 July 2021. In asymptomatic individuals, Cq values were significantly higher in fully vaccinated than non-fully vaccinated individuals (effect size: 1.7; 95% CI: 1–2.3; p < 10−6). In symptomatic individuals and controlling for time since symptoms, the difference vanished (p = 0.26). Infections with the Delta variant had lower Cq values at symptom onset than with Alpha (effect size: −3.32; 95% CI: −4.38 to −2.25; p < 10−6).
Propofol Versus Midazolam on Reducing the Incidence of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review
Authors: Luckett Kimberly
Published: September 2021

A systematic review comparing the efficacy of Propofol vs midazolam on the incidence of PONV in the adult population. The review suggests the use of either medication alone or in combination with other anti-emetics to effectively prevent and/or reduce the incidence or severity of PONV. Both medications have anti-emetics properties and CRNAs should implement either medication into their practice to prophylactically treat PONV. More research on this topic is needed because there was limited research pertaining to midazolam as an anti-emetic.