bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associated Factors Influencing Quality of Life and Knowledge Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alsaraireh Mahmoud , Al-Kalaldeh Mahmoud , Alnawafleh Khaldoon , Dwairej Doa'a , Almagharbeh Wesam
Published: February 2024

Background:

The assessment of the quality of life (QoL) among type 2 diabetic patients
is associated with different factors. Evidence shows that these patients usually suffer from
a lack of knowledge about the disease, inadequate self-care, and low QoL.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess knowledge of the QoL of type 2 diabetes patients and its
possible associated factors.

Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study recruited type 2 diabetic patients
conveniently from out-clinics to achieve the objective of the study. The Diabetes Quality of Life
Brief Clinical Inventory (DQOL) and the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 18 (DKQ-18)
along with a demographic questionnaire were used for patient assessment.

Results:

A total of 184 patients participated in the study. Patients' knowledge of diabetes was
found to be low (8.57 out of 18), with no statistical differences between male and female participants
(p=0.259). The average DQOL score was 2.87 out of 5, indicating moderate satisfaction
and self-care behavior. DKQ-18 and DOQL were found to be correlated (r= 0.216, p=0.003).
However, the patient’s age was found to be a significant factor that influences patients’ QoL
(F=4.27, p=0.040), whereas patients’ knowledge contributed weakly to the variation of QoL
(F=1.70, p=0.084).

Conclusion:

Irrespective of knowledge and educational background, the patient’s age is influential
in enhancing better QoL among type 2 diabetic patients.
La altura como signo de poder: los valores patrimoniales de la sede del Banco de Credito en Piura desde la mirada de su comunidad
Authors: Morocho Gago Laura , Palacios Gonzales Karla , Benavente Valladares Maria , Rodríguez López Jéssica , Torres Samillan Rosa
Published: February 2024

Los valores atribuibles a un objeto no son estáticos ni están embebidos en él, sino asociados a estos por la percepción de los individuos que reconocen su valor. El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar los valores simbólicos, formales y de uso sobre la base de la clasificación de la Dra. Cristina Nieto Pérez (2018), reconocibles en la actualidad, al edificio sede del Banco de Crédito del Perú ubicado en el centro antiguo de la ciudad de Piura, desde la percepción de la comunidad piurana; y las opiniones de los especialistas, expertos e instituciones. Se trata de una investigación de enfoque mixto y de diseño descriptivo, de tipo no experimental. A través de instrumentos como encuestas, entrevistas y fichas de análisis, se identificaron los valores patrimoniales reconocibles por los sujetos patrimoniales, con la finalidad de contribuir en su difusión y reconocimiento.
Graciela María Viñuales
Authors: Hayakawa Casas José
Published: February 2024

Buenos Aires, 1940. Arquitecta por la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Doctora en Arquitectura por la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Investigadora principal del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones. Docente regular en las universidades de Buenos Aires, Nordeste y Mar del Plata (Argentina), en la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (España) y en centros de América y Europa. Autora de más de setenta libros y numerosos artículos. Fundadora y vicedirectora del Centro de Documentación de Arquitectura Latinoamericana (Cedodal). Fundadora y directora del Centro Barro. Temas de trabajo: historia, conservación del patrimonio, arquitecturas de tierra y léxico.En lo referente al campo del patrimonio, cursó una especialización en Restauración de Monumentos. Proyecto PER 39 de la Unesco. Cusco, 1975. Fue responsable de Residencia y dirección de obras de restauración, destacando la Casa del Cable en Carúpano (Venezuela), el Colegio de San Bernardo en el Cusco (Perú), la Capilla de Federación (Argentina), el Convento de San Carlos en San Lorenzo (Argentina) y el frente de La Nueva Provincia en Bahía Blanca (Argentina). Ha brindado numerosos asesoramientos a obras de restauración, puesta en valor e instalación de museos y en planes de manejo de sitios históricos.
Assessment of nutritional status with its associated factors in pregnant women attending antenatal care at Ambo Health Centers, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Fekadu Tsige , Gashaw Fikru , Bekele Damtew
Published: February 2024

Nutritional status during pregnancy, maternal nutrition requires considerable attention; however, pregnant women’s nutritional knowledge and practices are less understood. The objective of this study was to assess nutritional knowledge and practices among pregnant women who attend antenatal care at Ambo and Awaro Health Center of Ambo Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study was conducted from January to May of the year 2022, using a cross-sectional descriptive study on a sample of 284 pregnant women who attended antenatal care services in Awaro and Ambo health centers. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select pregnant mothers by using Health center registration lists. Socio-demographic and socio-economic data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) was measured by standard nonstretchable MUAC tape. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 20 for further analysis. The finding of associated factors that affect the nutritional status of mothers was the income level of the family has a strong statistical association with the nutritional status of mothers (p<0.001), occupational status of the respondent has a significant association with nutritional status (p<0.05) and also knowledge about the importance of food for growth and development of fetus of mother have significant association (p<0.05). Hence, the government in collaboration with concerned bodies should focus on nutritional education and information of pregnant mothers on maternal nutrition during pregnancy in the study area.
Ochsner Health System Protocol for Quality Improvement of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Neurological Surgery (Preprint)
Authors: Chavarro Velina , Shapiro Stephen , Bukovskaya Yana , Youssef Stephanie , Deitelzweig Steven , Keen Joseph , Bui Cuong , Kahn Lora
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common post-operative complication. The peri-operative incidence of VTE in neurosurgery patients on VTE chemoprophylaxis is consistently between 1.7 and 3.5%, excluding trauma patients. While the majority of VTE’s are asymptomatic and clinically insignificant, symptomatic VTE’s may result in serious adverse events or death.
Currently, there are limited neurosurgery society guidelines making VTE prophylaxis recommendations for cranial or spine neurosurgery patients. While multiple other societies have published guidelines on VTE prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients, they are largely inconsistent in their recommendations on the timing and choice of agent for chemoprophylaxis. This has resulted in a wide variation of clinical practice according to neurosurgeon preference.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project is to assess whether implementing a single protocol of VTE guidelines at a large hospital system department of neurosurgery would decrease the rate of VTE incidence by 50% within a 12-month period.

METHODS

This project utilizes a department-wide protocol of chemical prophylaxis for admitted patients after neurological surgery. The primary outcome is the VTE incidence over 12 months following protocol implementation. Secondary outcomes include incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE), length of hospital stay, and unexpected treatment of patients, such as therapeutic anticoagulation, thrombolysis, or emergency surgical or catheter-directed embolectomy. Balancing measures and process measures are also considered. Interim analyses with department reports will be performed every 3 months, but every VTE event will trigger an analysis of the variables described in this protocol. Analyses will consider barriers to change and adequacy of the protocol to guide protocol modifications and continuous implementation of improvements.

RESULTS

Results from this protocol will be reported upon study completion.

CONCLUSIONS

This project did not meet the threshold of a clinical trial that requires Institutional Review Board (IRB) oversight per our institution IRB guidelines. Patient privacy is protected at all times, and all staff involved in this protocol adhere to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
We provide a comprehensive review of the literature and establish a gap in consistent published guidelines for VTE prophylaxis in neurosurgery patients. Results from this quality improvement project will provide evidence for the effectiveness of a unified protocol of VTE prophylaxis in this patient group. Furthermore, outcomes from this study may be utilized as the basis for guideline recommendations and will benefit not only our department but may be utilized for quality improvement (QI) of patient care at other hospitals.
Comparing Psychometric Characteristics of a Computerized Cognitive Test (BrainCheck-Assess) against the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (Preprint)
Authors: Huynh Duong , Sun Kevin , Ghomi Reza Hosseini , Huang Bin
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Previous validation studies demonstrated that BrainCheck Assess (BC-Assess), a computerized cognitive test battery, can reliably and sensitively distinguish individuals with different levels of cognitive impairment (i.e., normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia). Compared with other traditional paper-based cognitive screening instruments commonly used in clinical practice, the MoCA is generally accepted to be among the most comprehensive and robust screening tools, with high sensitivity/specificity in distinguishing MCI from NC and dementia.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we examined: (1) the linear relationship between BC-Assess and MoCA and their equivalent cut-off scores, and (2) the extent to which they agree on their impressions of an individual's cognitive status.

METHODS

A subset of participants (N=55; age range 54-94, mean/SD=80/9.5) from two previous studies who took both the MoCA and BC-Assess were included in this analysis. Linear regression was used to calculate equivalent cut-off scores for BC-Assess based on those originally recommended for the MoCA to differentiate MCI from NC (cut-off=26), and dementia from MCI (cut-off=19). Impression agreement between the two instruments were measured through overall agreement (OA), positive percent agreement (PPA), and negative percent agreement (NPA).

RESULTS

A high Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.77 (CI = 0.63 - 0.86) was observed between the two scores. According to this relationship, MoCA cutoffs of 26 and 19 correspond to BC-Assess scores of 89.6 and 68.5, respectively. These scores are highly consistent with the currently recommended BC-Assess cutoffs (i.e. 85 and 70). The two instruments also show a high degree of agreement in their impressions based on their recommended cut-offs: (i) OA=70.9%, PPA=70.4%, NPA=71.4% for differentiating dementia from MCI/NC; (ii) OA=83.6%, PPA=84.1%, NPA=81.8% for differentiating dementia/MCI from NC.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides further validation of BC-Assess in a sample of older adults by showing its high correlation and agreement in impression with the widely used MoCA.
Improvement in left ventricle geometry and function after kidney transplantation
Authors: Baiq Gerisa Rahmi Faharani  , Hasanah Mumpuni  , Yulia Wardhani  , Metalia Puspitasari  , Raden Heru Prasanto  , Iri Kuswadi  , Anggoro Budi Hartopo
Published: February 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with remodeling of the left ventricle (LV), affecting both its geometry and function. Kidney transplantation in patients with stage 5 CKD may lead to improvements in LV remodeling and result in better cardiac function. The aim of the study was to determine changes and improvements in LV geometry and function after kidney transplantation in patients with stage 5 CKD. This was an observational study conducted by collecting secondary data from the Hospital's Kidney Transplantation Registry, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital spanning the years 2017 to 2020. The study employed a comparative design, contrasting the results before and after treatment (kidney transplantation). We compared transthoracic echocardiographic parameters for LV geometry and function before and after kidney transplantation. The evaluation timeframe after kidney transplantation was divided into <12 and ³12 mo. A total of 27 patients qualified for inclusion in this study. In the <12 mon (n=20) evaluation group, there was a reduction in proportion of LV hypertrophy from 70% to 45%. There was an increase in global LV systolic function (ejection fraction) from 60.1±10.95% to 67.85±6.48% (p=0.014), and a decrease in LV diastolic dysfunction from 45% to 15% (p=0.07). In the ³12 mon (n=11) evaluation group, there was a decrease in the proportion of  LV hypertrophy from 81.8 to 54.5%, an increase in global LV systolic function (ejection fraction) from 57.73±13.07% to 69.36±6.12% (p=0.011), and a decreased LV diastolic dysfunction from 63.6% to 0% (p=0.016). In conclusion, significant changes in LV geometry and function are observed following kidney transplantation, indicating improvements in these parameters. There are improvements in LV systolic function started at <12 mo and in LV diastolic function at ³12 mo after kidney transplantation.
Correlation between type of surgery and incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Authors: Supomo  , Budi Mulyono  , Usi Sukorini  , Adika Zhulhi Arjana  , Tandean Tommy Novenanto
Published: February 2024

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication in patients after undergoing major surgery. The type of surgery is believed correlated with the incidence of VTE. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between type of surgery and incidence of VTE among patients who underwent major surgery. It was a retrospective study conducted in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta using medical record data of  patients who underwent major surgery and were diagnosed with VTE between 2016 and 2020. Patients were grouped by surgery type, and length of stay (LoS). All caused deaths were also analyzed. Among 29,120 patients who underwent major surgery, 76 (0.26%) experienced VTE with females patients accounting for 75%. The mean age of the patients was 55 yr. All VTE cases had the mean LoS of 25 d. The highest proportion of patients who experienced VTE were patients who underwent tumor removal (67.0%) followed by trauma patients (18.4%). A significant difference in the incidence of mortality between the surgical groups was reported (p = 0.02). Post-cardiology had the highest risk of mortality (OR=7.46; 95% CI: 0.322 - 172.61) while age had the lowest risk of mortality (OR=1.01; 95% CI: 0.953 - 1.071). In conclusion, surgery type is correlated with the incidence of VTE. Surgery due to cancer and trauma has a higher risk of VTE compared to the others.
The effectiveness of topical vitamin D3 for dry skin in elderly
Authors: Nafaisa He Yeon Asva , Waskito Fajar , Martien Rony , Danarti Retno
Published: February 2024

Dry skin is one of the most common dermatoses found in the elderly. Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that has a role in repairing the skin barrier. Topical administration of vitamin D3 is expected to increase skin hydration in the elderly. Thirty-two participants were divided into two groups, namely 5000 IU vitamin D3 and the base lotion groups. The assessment was carried out by calculating the overall dry skin score (ODS), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin capacitance every 4 wk for 12 wk. All groups showed an improvement in ODS, a decrease in TEWL, and an increase in skin capacitance value at the end of the measurement, and no significant side effects were reported. The 5000 IU vitamin D3 lotion group had the highest level of skin hydration compared to the other group (p>0,05). We conclude that the administration of 5000 IU vitamin D3 lotion may be administrated safely and improve skin hydration in the elderly but is not more effective than base lotion.
Prácticas de diálogo social en los Estados Unidos de América: casos de estudio.
Authors: Montoya Vargas Fernando
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es ubicar y analizar dos prácticas que pueden considerarse como experiencias de diálogo social entre sindicatos, empresarios y organizaciones de la sociedad civil en los Estados Unidos de América, sin la intervención del Estado. Con una metodología cualitativa, el resultado de dicho estudio muestra el impacto de largo alcance que tuvo dos movimientos de índole laboral con el apoyo de sindicatos y organizaciones civiles: el movimiento sindical Anti-Talleres de Explotación Laboral” y el movimiento sindical de cuidadores y enfermeros de atención domiciliaria en el Estado de California.
Rezago y asimetrías de las política nacional e internacional de ciberseguridad de México frente Estados Unidos y Canadá: retos de cooperación para Norteamérica
Authors: Aguilar Antonio Juan Manuel
Published: February 2024

La investigación analiza la política nacional e internacional de ciberseguridad de Estados Unidos, México y Canadá. Se parte de la hipótesis que el perfil de política exterior activa de impacto regional e internacional, y la trayectoria histórica individual de más de dos décadas, de Estados Unidos y Canadá, explican el nivel de consolidación en el desarrollo de su política de ciberseguridad. Se realizó una revisión electica de teorías de relaciones internacionales como el realismo, liberalismo, constructivismo y teoría de la guerra para identificar elementos teóricos para el análisis de la política internacional y nacional de los tres países. Se concluye que tanto Estados Unidos, considerado una potencia global en ciberseguridad, y Canadá, potencia regional, poseen una política exterior activa en la materia, con una trayectoria de casi dos décadas. Mientras que Mexico posee un fuerte rezago en la materia que no se relaciona con una política nacional e internacional de ciberseguridad efectiva.
The Constitutionality of the Proportionality Test to Prove Money Laundering
Authors: Torres Estrada Pedro Rubén
Published: February 2024

For years, combating money laundering has been a priority for the Mexican State. Frontal attack strategies have been used against criminal groups but have not yielded the expected effectiveness, as violence continues to escalate. This work begins with an assessment of the legal punishments applied to cases of money laundering in Mexico. Subsequently, it presents the fundamental rights that might be compromised in the process of collecting evidence and explores the use of the proportionality test as a parameter and method to ask judges to accept only admissible evidence to thus avoid issues of unconstitutionality. Finally, some evidence that can be employed to substantiate money laundering offenses and secure convictions are outlined. Furthermore, recommendations for public policy are made to address and enhance the efforts of stakeholders engaged in combating this crime, since to date, effectiveness in obtaining convictions has been remarkably low.
The Use of Efficient Breach of Contracts in the Automotive Cluster of Querétaro, Mexico
Authors: Iturralde González Raúl
Published: February 2024

Efficient breach is the idea that voluntarily breaching a contract could be economically advantageous for all the parties involved, as long as damages are paid to the non-breaching party. This vision is based on an economical perspective, but it fails to take into account other considerations within commercial relations. This article is the result of a research project in which interviews were performed to people involved in the automotive industry in the state of Querétaro, Mexico. The aim was to discover whether efficient breach is, in fact, used by merchants in the automotive cluster and the perspective that they have over this figure.
Constitución liberal y sociedad anónima en el México independiente (siglo XIX)
Authors: Jimeno Borrero Jesús
Published: February 2024

El desarrollo del sistema capitalista a través de diversos instrumentos económicos y jurídicos, conlleva una simbiosis entre la historia constitucional y la historia mercantil en el México independiente. Muestra de ello son las Constituciones liberales, enfocadas en los derechos ligados a la confiscación de bienes, la libertad de comercio o la privación de la propiedad. En dicho contexto, la sociedad anónima se acomoda como una nueva herramienta jurídica que posibilita la consecución de grandes obras públicas e importantes empresas.
Tres órdenes políticos del imaginario indiano: la Corona, el papa y los mendicantes (1542-1568)
Authors: Atilano Gutiérrez José Enrique
Published: February 2024

Se abordarán tres sucesos históricos para comprender el contexto histórico-político en el que seculares y eclesiásticos sostuvieron fuertes disputas por el control y poder en el Nuevo Mundo. La exposición de dichos acontecimientos construirá un cuadro de análisis que permita comprender los motivos por los cuales oficiales, letrados y virreyes eran solicitados para dar cuenta de los sucesos que en territorio indiano se llevaban a cabo respecto a la administración de tierras, tributos y encomiendas. De la misma manera, esta comunicación planteada desde tres aristas (Corona, Papado y Mendicantes) se verá nutrida por la presentación de documentos emitidos en la época que, analizados desde una lectura del presente, brindarán una narrativa que muestre la manera en la que estos ejes mantuvieron una relación activa entre sí que les permitió tomar las decisiones y oportunidades que mejor creyeron para cumplir con sus intereses.
Tlazohteotl. La otra Venus
Authors: Mañón Garibay Guillermo José
Published: February 2024

Sin duda alguna, con la conquista de América todo fue re-significado: pirámides, estelas, esteras, murales, comida y bebida; pero es importante recalcar que Tlazohteotl es el mejor ejemplo de la reacción española ante los símbolos mexicas y su incomprensión, ya que ningún otro símbolo tuvo más cargas negativas por parte de los españoles como Tlazohteotl.
Peoples Biodiversity Registrar of Kolkata, Ward Number 27: A Peoples Document Prepared as per Directive of National Green Tribunal (NGT) by Rammohan College
Authors: Sen Jayanti
Published: February 2024

Abstract: As per National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) Guidelines, National Green Tribunal (NGT) has issued one order to West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Government of West Bengal to prepare a complete Peoples Biodiversity Registrar (PBR) of Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC). A project has been initiated in the year 2017-18. Rammohan College has been approached to prepare a PBR of Ward No. 27 and form a Biodiversity Management Committee (BMC). A complete PBR has been prepared and submitted to West Bengal Bio Diversity Board, Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal.
PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN RISIKO KERJA PADA KARYAWAN PEMADAM KEBAKARAN DALAM PERSPEKTIFAKAD IJARAH ‘ALA AL-AMAL
Authors: Ida Friatna  , Jalilah  , Tajul Muna Raya Guna
Published: February 2024

The profession of a firefighter carries very high safety risks. Legal review in firefighting work using the Ijārah 'Ala al-A'mal agreement. The problems studied in this research are to find out, first, how to minimize work risks among Banda Aceh City Fire Department employees; second, what is the level of awareness of Banda Aceh City Fire Department employees regarding work risks; and third, what forms of party responsibility exist. Banda Aceh City firefighters in the perspective of the Ijārah 'Ala al-A'mal Agreement. The research method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative, and data collection was carried out using field research and library research. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. The research results show that efforts are made to minimize work risks with available facilities and infrastructure. Awareness of work risks among fire department employees is still lacking. The form of responsibility of the Banda Aceh City fire brigade in the perspective of the Ijarah 'Ala Al-Amal agreement based on the regulations used in work risk responsibility is in accordance with the Ijarah 'Ala Al-Amal agreement; however, it is very unfortunate that there are differences in the social security obtained, which employees Civil servants get BPJS employment, while contract employees do not get BPJS guarantees or any benefits, so officers cannot submit claims for work accident insurance because they are not insured by the government.
Islamic Sharia Between Aceh And The Middle East
Authors: Abdurrazak Abdurrazak , Fajri Akmal
Published: February 2024

Islamic Sharia in its implementation in Aceh and the Middle East is full of issues that hinder its implementation. Human rights issues are one form of obstacles and contradictions that are often faced in the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh and the Middle East. In this article, we analyze how Islamic Sharia is implemented in Aceh and the Middle East as well as the obstacles and contradictions faced by the governments of Aceh and the Middle East. The research method used to analyze the problem is using qualitative descriptions with library research data collection techniques. The results obtained from data analysis are that Aceh implemented the Qanun Jinayat which was structured in such a way that there were no elements that would undermine human rights (HAM). In this case, everything has been prepared in law and Qanun Jinayat with the aim of maintaining and respecting human values in Aceh so that the people in Aceh are not oppressed, and in successful implementation it is important to involve Aceh traditional institutions. Meanwhile, in the Middle East, the application of Islamic law is the main basis for establishing law. This is because the Koran and Hadith are the highest law in the Middle East or in other words the law of heaven.
KEHIDUPAN WAJAR DAN PERBAHASANNYA DALAM ISLAM: SATU KAJIAN AWAL DECENT LIVING AND ITS DISCUSSIONS IN ISLAM: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Abdul Jalil Nur Syahidah binti , Mohamad Muhammad Hisyam , Majid Wan Roslili binti
Published: February 2024

In general, human beings require various needs that could enable them to lead a comfortable life in this world. In this regard, the needs of Muslims are different from those of the common ones as the Islamic worldview of life encompasses the worldly as well as the hereafter. As such, the element of income is not an absolute determinant of a decent life from an Islamic perspective. Based on the content analysis of documents published by five competent authorities and additional views of three experts interviewed, this study suggests six elements to enable a Muslim individual to live a decent life in this world, namely income, protection, family institutions, interaction space, financial inclusion; and spiritual capacity and recreation. This study, however, does not suggest a quantitative value to the proposed elements. Thus, if there was a quantitative value that could serve as an indicative benchmark for a decent standard of living as a whole, it certainly could create more space for research to improve the standard of living of human beings.
THE IMPACT OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE UPON POVERTY ALLEVIATION BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROENTERPRISES IN MAURITANIA
Authors: Maouloud Vatimetou Mokhtar
Published: February 2024

Even though Islamic microfinance has proved to have a positive impact o poverty and microenterprises, there is a lack of studies on this topic in the case of Mauritania. This research attempts to study the role of Islamic microfinance (IsMF) products’ usage on poverty alleviation through the mediation effect of microenterprises development (MEs) in Nouakchott-Mauritania. This quantitative study uses primary data collected from 381 beneficiaries of the IsMF institution PROCAPEC in Nouakchott through a cross-sectional time horizon design survey. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to test the hypothesis through the AMOS 23 software. Findings reveal that the usage of IsMF products has a positive impact on MEs. Also, it has been found that MEs have a positive impact on poverty alleviation by reducing its five dimensions (income, education, health, expenditure, and assets ownership). The results show that the MEs has a full mediation effect on the relationship between the IsMF products’ usage and income, education, health, and expenditure; however, it has a partial mediation effect on the relationship of usage and assets. This study is among the pioneer to discuss this topic in the geographical context of Mauritania, where a scarcity of studies exists. It is recommended that policymakers adopt strategies enhancing the usage of Islamic microfinance products. The Mauritanian government is encouraged to develop the microenterprises sector to alleviate poverty in the country.
Centro de investigación y acción psicosocial comunitaria, diálogos sobre la gestión y transformación social
Authors: Fuentes Clavijo Edna Paola , Hernández Cruz Victoria Eugenia , Sánchez Ramírez Liliana , Quintero Padilla Amparo , Oviedo Tovar Liliana , Rebolledo Cortes Henry Steven , Gutiérrez Osorio Leonardo , Cuesta Shirley Natalia , Dussan Mosquera Laura , Medina Angie Lisseth , Gómez Leguizamón Ingrid Johanna , Alba Pinzón Zaida Ximena , Guzmán Díaz Sandra Milena , Ariza Camacho Rubén Darío , Rengifo Cuervo Jeisson Tobías , Rengifo Rengifo Tobías , Falla Cabrera Martha Judith , Rivera Quintero Katherine , Salcedo Rojas Erika Julieth , Duque Jiménez Lina Marcela , Montenegro Ingrid Alejandra , Castro Eilyn , Castellanos Gloria Esperanza , Arenas Andrea del Pilar , Mayorga Ortegón Angela Ivethe , Méndez Castro Carlos Andrés
Published: February 2024

Centro De Investigación y Acción Psicosocial Comunitario CIAPSC tiene ya su 4ª versión de publicación de libro de divulgación. El que permite visibilizar la producción de los grupos de investigación de la zona sur. Uno de los propósitos del Centro De Investigación y Acción Psicosocial Comunitario CIAPSC, ha sido articulado al Proyecto Académico Pedagógico Solidario (PAPS) de la UNAD, dentro de ello el desarrollo de la investigación a nivel regional y brindar herramientas para otras áreas, centros y acciones. Esto permite visibilizar la zona sur, y la universidad UNAD como una institución con gran experiencia en la producción del conocimiento científico, el acompañamiento social y la reflexión académica que puede ser enriquecedor para las demás comunidades académicas, e incluso políticas y sociales, conocimiento que, para las directivas del centro, merece ser socializado y apropiado. Se espera que este cuarto proyecto editorial del CIAPSC releje varias de las reflexiones, producciones y soluciones que respondan a las necesidades fundamentales sobre la educación inclusiva, el desarrollo humano sostenible, la dignificación del ser humano, la convivencia pacífica y el respeto por la diversidad cultural, enmarcados en las posibilidades de futuro que denotan los escenarios del posconflicto y de crisis en la salud pública que afecta actualmente el mundo y los retos desde la educación superior.
Afectación de la salud mental de hombres y mujeres durante la pandemia COVID-19 en población tolimense
Authors: Sánchez Ramírez Liliana , Quintero Padilla Amparo , Oviedo Tovar Liliana
Published: February 2024

A raíz de la pandemia generada por la aparición del COVID-19 ha surgido una afectación en el comportamiento de las personas a nivel emocional por las características del virus, sus efectos en la salud, protocolos de autocuidado y el riesgo a perder la vida. En este contexto el presente estudio tiene por objetivo la identificación de sí existe diferencias significativas de vulnerabilidad afectiva, desesperanza y riesgo suicida en hombres y mujeres del departamento del Tolima (Colombia). El método se basó en un muestreo de autoselección de participantes voluntarios, en los cinco municipios, con mayor índice de suicidio; se utilizaron pruebas estadísticamente validadas, tales como la Escala de Riesgo Suicida Plutchik (ERSP); Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI); la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck (BDI) y la Ficha de recolección de datos sociodemográficos y variables contextuales con los siguientes factores: conflictos con pareja o expareja, problemas económicos, maltrato en forma física, psicológica o sexual, escolar/educativa, enfermedad de tipo crónica dolorosa o incapacitante, muerte de un familiar o amigo, problemas laborales, problemas legales y suicidio de un familiar o amigo. En este orden de ideas, para el análisis de datos se utilizó el software SPSS. Se encontró que la afectación para hombres y mujeres fue similar debido a la modificación en sus estilos de vida, estrategias de afrontamiento y cogniciones.
Memorias de violencia sexual: experiencias corporales en militantes de Alfaro Vive ¡Carajo!
Authors: Moncada Landeta Ketty Tamara
Published: February 2024

En este artículo exploro las memorias que rodean la violencia sexual experimentada por miembros de la organización político-militante Alfaro Vive ¡Carajo! (avc) en Ecuador. Me baso en testimonios recopilados por la Comisión de la Verdad y entrevistas con sobrevivientes, examino cómo el cuerpo registra los recuerdos de la violencia sexual en regímenes represivos. Al analizar la intersección de la memoria, el género y la violencia, abordo las experiencias corporales de las víctimas y las formas en que la violencia sexual funciona como mecanismo de tortura. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de comprender las dimensiones sociales de la represión y sus efectos.
Estudios de la Memoria y acciones de memoria en México. Dos caminos desfasados
Authors: Ruiz Lagier Rocío
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo busca dar cuenta del proceso que, actualmente, se está viviendo tanto en el campo de los estudios de la memoria como en el de las prácticas memoriales. Por medio del análisis de algunas acciones de memoria realizadas por colectivos de víctimas, se analizan aspectos centrales de los diversos procesos de construcción de memoria que han emergido en México. Las intervenciones y los actos de memoria que se exponen en este trabajo muestran la organización y la resistencia colectiva frente a la violencia. Pero también la diversidad de maneras y lugares desde los que se construyen las memorias.
Architecture as an instrument of performative practice
Authors: Simonovic-Alfirevic Sanja , Alfirevic Djordje
Published: February 2024

Performance studies and performativity are relatively new concepts -
constantly evolving with great creative and developmental potential, which
are often applied and related to various artistic and theoretical practices.
Given that the relational framework between architecture and performative
practice has yet to be sufficiently explored, the main research problem in
this paper is the systematization of a discursively based view of the
performativity of architecture. The architecture performativity is
considered from the Performance studies applied to architecture, so the
subject of research is focused on the artistic practices in which
architecture is a tool, stage or part of performative act. The research
process includes the systematization of the significance and meaning of
performance in the tangential field of performance practices and
architecture. Architecture, considered as an instrument of performative
practice, instead of mere objectivity, foregrounds the effect it produces on
the user in their mutual interaction.
Problem raising: The question of design procedures depending on the composition of mixtures
Authors: Almassy Kornel , Koch Domonkos
Published: February 2024

Different pavement structure design procedures have been carried out since
1960s in Hungary. The main principles of the most recent procedure were laid
down in 1992 by Ervin Nemesdy, which was an empirical design guide.
Unfortunately only corrections of the original procedure were implemented
since then, no fundational improvement was made. In some European countries,
in the USA, in Australia etc. Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) Design Procedures
were carried out and were put in practice. These procedures merge the
mechanistic principles and the empirical experience of pavement behaviour.
The Mechanistic- Empirical approach gives the opportunity to take into
account some of the material properties, weather conditions, traffic datas
and layer thickness. The technically suitable and costefficient pavement
structure is calculated by an iteration process. Although with the
Mechanistic-Empirical approach we can approximate the real behaviour of the
pavement better, mechanistic tests of asphalt mixture can show different
results as we expected. This paper lightens these differences, demonstrates
what factor should be taken into account in a design procedure and it
identifies research fields related to pavement design.
The anthropological dimension of architecture in the phenomenology of Christian Norberg-Schulz: Theoretical problems of (anthropo)center in architecture through the perception of the interior space
Authors: Sicovic Bojana
Published: February 2024

The subject of this paper are postulates of Christian Norberg-Schulz within
the theory of architecture of the second half of the 20th century which can
be connected with the interpretation of a man and the interior space as
primary determinants of architectural existence on the existential and
functional level. In line with the impacts of other phenomenologists whose
stances Christian Norberg-Schulz often quotes in his books, the research
implies a wider framework in the interpretation of the paper subject.
Therefore examining the impacts of the most significant figures for Norberg-
Schulz?s work on the subject of existence, dwelling, and a man?s attitude
toward space, such as Heidegger, Bollnow, Bachelard. The aim of this paper
is the research of the anthropological dimension of Norberg-Schulz?s theory
of architecture, i.e. the architecture-body relation compared to
architecture-place relation as the theorist?s dominant standpoint expressed
through the ?concept of place? phrase. Considering the primary aim, this
paper is focused on the problem of interpreting the center in architecture,
where a man is simultaneously defined as an integral component of
architectural space or, on the contrary, as an independent perceptive
figure. The research methods used in this paper are the reproductive
synthesis, inductive method of agreement and difference, as well as the
method of causal analysis.
Evaluation of the root canal morphology variations of maxillary premolars using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Stankovic Antonije , Popovic Jelena , Dakovic-Bjelakovic Marija , Stosic Nenad , Nikolic Marija , Mitic Aleksandar , Barac Radomir , Milovanovic Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Maxillary premolars often undergo endodontic treatment, which
requires detailed knowledge of their canal morphology. The aim of this study
was to determine the most common number of roots of maxillary premolars by
analyzing CBCT images, as well as to determine the most common root canal
configuration in maxillary premolars in the population of Southeast Serbia
using the new system for classifying root canal morphology by Ahmed et al.
Material and methods. 55 CBCT images of male and 63 CBCT images of female
patients were analyzed, which included 223 maxillary first premolars and 207
maxillary second premolars. The analysis was performed in the program
Galileos. The number of roots of these teeth was determined and the canal
morphology was classified in relation to the gender and side of maxilla.
Results. The maxillary first premolars most often had two roots and
configuration type 2TNB1P1, while the most maxillary second premolars had
one root and configuration type 1TNB1. No significant difference was
observed in the number of roots and type of configuration between male and
female, as well as between left and right sides. Conclusion. The
classification of the tooth canal system according to Ahmed et al.
emphasizes the advantage of simultaneous classification of the number of
roots and the number of canals. Although most premolars do not pose a
problem for treatment, there have been registered canal configurations of
maxillary premolars that can be a challenge for endodontic treatment. A
detailed analysis of the canal configuration can be performed using CBCT.
Evaluation of in vitro irradiation setup: Designed for the horizontal beamline at the Danish Centre for Particle Therapy
Authors: Frederiksen Anders Tobias , Jensen Morten Bjørn , Poulsen Per Rugaard , Bassler Niels , Sørensen Brita Singers , Sitarz Mateusz
Published: February 2024

Background: Radiobiological experimental setups are challenged by precise sample positioning along depth dose profile, scattering conditions, and practical difficulties that must be addressed in individual designs.
The aim of this study was to produce cell survival curves with several irradiation modalities, by using a setup designed at the Danish Centre for Particle Therapy (DCPT) for in vitro proton irradiations using a horizontal beam line and thereby evaluating the setups use for in vitro irradiations experiments.
Materials and methods: The setup is a water phantom suitable for in vitro research with multiple irradiation modalities, in particular the pencil scanning proton beam available from a horizontal experimental beamline. The phantom included a water tank of 39.0 × 17.0 × 20.5 cm. Cell survival-curves were produced using the cell line V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79s) in biological triplicates of clonogenic assays. Cell survival curves were produced with both a 18 MeV electron beam, 6 MV photon beam, and a Spread-Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) proton beam formed by pristine energies of 85–111 MeV where three positions were examined.
Results: Survival curves with uncertainty areas were made for all modalities. Dosimetric uncertainty amounted to, respectively, 4%, 3% and 3% for proton, electron, and high energy photon irradiations. Cell survival fraction uncertainty was depicted as the standard deviation between replications of the experiment.
Conclusion: Cell survival curves could be produced with acceptable uncertainties using this novel water phantom and cellular laboratory workflow. The setup is useful for future in vitro irradiation experiments.
Methylphenidate for treating fatigue in palliative cancer care – effect and side effects in real-world data from a palliative care unit
Authors: Almerud Agneta , Frisk Gabriella , Klasson Caritha , Björkhem-Bergman Linda
Published: February 2024

Background: Methylphenidate can be used for the treatment of cancer-related fatigue (CRF), although randomized controlled trials have shown conflicting results. The aim of this study was to use ‘real-world’ data to evaluate the effect and side effects of using methylphenidate in palliative cancer care with a focus on the late palliative phase and dose-response.
Method: A retrospective review of medical records from a palliative care unit in Sweden was performed to evaluate the effect and adverse events (AEs) of using methylphenidate to treat CRF. Univariable and multivariable regression was performed and odds ratio (OR) calculated. Adjustments were made for sex, age, cancer type, dose and starting treatment <4 weeks before death.
Results: Of the 2,419 screened patients, 112 had been treated with methylphenidate for CRF. The treatment was assessed as being effective in 51 patients (46%). Twenty-six patients (23%) experienced AEs that were generally mild, including anxiety, palpitations, and insomnia. Patients starting the treatment <4 weeks before death (n = 54) were less likely to have an effect from treatment compared to those starting earlier; adjusted OR 0.24 (95% CI 0.10–0.55). Doses of 20 mg and above were well-tolerated and had a higher frequency of effect in the crude data but not after adjustment for confounding factors.
Conclusion: Methylphenidate is generally effective and well-tolerated for the treatment of CRF in palliative care. However, patients with a short life expectancy (<4 weeks) seem to benefit less from the treatment regardless of age, cancer type and dose.
Mechanical and Optical Characterization of Single-shade Resin Composites Used in Posterior Teeth
Authors: Oliveira HLQ , Ribeiro MTH , Oliveira G , Peres TS , Bragança GF , Silva GR , Soares CJ
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the optical and mechanical performance of two single-shade resin-based composites (RBCs) compared to those of a conventional RBC for restoring posterior teeth.

Methods

Two single-shade RBCs, Omnichroma (Tukoyama) and Vittra Unique APS (FGM), and a conventional RBC, Filtek Z350XT shade A2 (3M Oral Care), were evaluated in this study. The optical shade-matching performance was measured using a spectrophotometer. The light emitted by VALO Grand (Ultradent) and transmitted through the 2.0-mm RBC specimens was evaluated using beam profiling. Knoop hardness (KH, N/mm2), degree of conversion (DC, %) at the top and bottom, flexural strength (FS, MPa), elastic modulus (E, GPa), postgel shrinkage (Shr, %), and shrinkage stress (MPa) were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the filler. Data for FS, E, and Shr were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and KH and DC by repeated one-way ANOVA measurement followed by Tukey test (α=0.05). The modified von Mises stress values, light transmission, and SEM images were analyzed qualitatively.

Results

All single-shade RBCs exhibited higher chromatic adaptation than the Filtek Z350XT (p<0.001). Omnichroma exhibited less color difference than Vittra Unique APS, irrespective of the shade. The light transmitted through Omnichroma and Vittra Unique APS increased during polymerization. KH and DC values were significantly reduced from the top to the bottom of the specimens for all RBCs (p<0.001); however, the ratio values were always higher than 80%. In general, all RBCs demonstrated similar mechanical properties. All RBCs exhibited a similar FS (p=0.083) and Shr value (p=0.144). Filtek Z350XT exhibited significantly higher E (p<0.001) than both single-shade RBCs. All RBCs exhibited similar shrinkage stress during restoration and similar residual stress during occlusal loading.

Conclusions

Single-shade Omnichroma and Vittra Unique APS increased light transmission during light-activation, demonstrating better chromatic adaptation than conventional Filtek Z350XT. In general, Omnichroma and Vittra Unique APS exhibited similar mechanical properties and shrinkage stress distributions as Filtek Z350XT during light-activation and occlusal loading.