bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PUPUK MIKRO FITOMIC TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI DUA VARIETAS TOMAT (Solanum Licopersicum)
Authors: Sanjaya Adi , Jannah Noor , Rahmi Abdul
Published: February 2025

Buah tomat mengandung gizi yang terdiri dari vitamin dan mineral yang sangat berguna untuk mempertahankan kesehatan dan mencegah penyakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konsentrasi pupuk fitomic dan jenis varietas yang tepat serta interaksinya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat, menetapkan varietas yang sesuai dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman tomat dan menetapkan konsentrasi pupuk fitomic yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi bagi tanaman tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2022. Lokasi penelitian di laksanakan di lahan praktek UPTD Balai Penyuluhan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Pertanian, Sempaja Samarinda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 2 dengan 3 kali ulangan. faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi pupuk fitomic (f) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: f0 (kontrol), f1 (1,5 ml/liter air), f2 (2,5 ml/liter air) dan f3 (3,5 ml/liter air). Faktor ke dua yaitu dua varietas (v) yang terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu: v1 (varietas nafu f1) dan v2 (varietas servo f1). Perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk mikro fitomic pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Perlakuan yang terbaik untuk rata-rata produksi tanaman/hektar dicapai pada perlakuan f3 (3,5 ml/liter air) yaitu 12,23 ton/ha-1 sedangkan perlakuan terendah dicapai pada perlakuan f0 (kontrol) yaitu 8,12 ton/ha-1. Perlakuan dua jenis varietas berbeda nyata terhadap rata-rata berat buah per tanaman, jumlah buah pertanaman, berat tanaman/petak produksi dan produksi tanaman/hektar. Interaksi antara konsentrasi pupuk mikro Fitomic dan dua jenis varietas tidak berbeda nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan
Cyclic Vaginal Bleeding in an Infant: Surveillance or treatment
Authors: Martins Rodrigues Ana Sofia
Published: February 2025

McCune Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the triad of fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait skin macules, and endocrinopathies such as precocious puberty. MAS results from post-zygotic mutations in the GNAS gene, leading to mosaic activation of cAMP signaling. Diagnosing MAS can be challenging due to the variability in clinical presentation and the limitations of genetic testing.

Herein, we present a case of a young girl diagnosed with MAS who exhibited cyclic vaginal bleeding since birth, hyperpigmented skin macules and precocious puberty, managed with letrozole therapy. Over the treatment course, the patient exhibited regression of breast development, cessation of vaginal bleeding, normalization of growth velocity, and stabilization of bone age without adverse effects. Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has emerged as a promising treatment option for precocious puberty. We discuss the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and treatment approach, highlighting the efficacy and safety of letrozole in this unique context.
Ultrastructure of the mitochondrial membrane and respiratory ensembles
Authors: I Bon Elizaveta
Published: February 2025

Electron microscopy is the leading method for studying the ultrastructure of cells. The mitochondrial membrane system serves not only as a structural case, but also contains highly organized ensembles of respiratory enzymes that participate in ATP synthesis, in the osmotic work of active transport and in the mechanical coupling underlying changes in the shape and volume of mitochondria. Now we will consider the ultrastructure of the mitochondrial membrane according to chemical analysis and electron microscopy and other physical studies, as well as the molecular and enzymatic architecture of respiratory ensembles, which are believed to be structural units of the mitochondrial membrane.
Biology of Malaria Transmission
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: February 2025

Malaria, a pest-carried infectious affliction, led to Plasmodium deadbeats, remnants of a significant worldwide well-being burden, specifically in tropical and subtropical domains. Understanding the plant structure of disease transmission is critical for cultivating productive control procedures. This review aims to provide an inclusive survey of the organic aspects that are complicated in the broadcast of disease.

The biological clock of Plasmodium parasites includes complex interplays between the mosquito heading and the human host. Anopheles mosquitoes symbolize headings for malaria broadcast, accompanying various varieties capable of communicating various Plasmodium classes. The transmission phase starts when a polluted female pest takes blood food, presenting sporozoites into the human bloodstream. Sporozoites travel to the liver, where they contaminate hepatocytes and bear copies, leading to the release of merozoites into the bloodstream.

Merozoites ravage rose ancestry containers, initiating the indicative step of the affliction and facilitating further broadcast to mosquitoes all the while after ancestry meals. In the past, intercourse duplication occurred, bearing sporozoites that moved to the salivary glands, ready to contaminate another human host upon the mosquito's next bite.

Various determinants influence sickness broadcast action, including heading class, incidental conditions, human action, and the dependent transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Climate change, land use changes, and insecticide fighting pose supplementary challenges to sickness control exertions.

Advancements in molecular plant structure, genomics, and heading plant structure have deepened our understanding of malaria broadcast systems and promoted the occurrence of innovative control invasions. Strategies in the way that poison-treated bed nets, household leftover spraying, and antimalarial drugs have provided significant reductions in sickness occurrence and death.

However, continuous research is necessary to address emerging challenges and expand tenable malaria control measures. Integrated approaches, containing heading control, drug growth, and society engagement, are essential for obtaining sickness removal goals and lowering the worldwide burden concerning this devastating affliction.
The Influence of International Migration on Demographic Indicators in the Republic of Moldova at the Current Stage
Authors: Daud Tatiana
Published: February 2025

The study of international migration effects has become essential at this stage. Thus, the Republic of Moldova was touched by the massive migration phenomenon, being hit by a huge wave of emigration, the main cause being the economic situation in the country. In this article, the author correlates three complex phenomena: migration, demographic indicators and socio-economic stability in the Republic of Moldova. The study will analyze the demographic consequences from the historiographical and theoretical-methodological perspective, all the more so since the category of emigrants for economic reasons in recent years is composed of young people (around the age of 35). Consequently, the Republic of Moldova faces an accelerated process of its own population aging. The most serious problem, however, is the temporary abandonment of minors by migrant parents, and national authorities must develop policies to monitor them, which are often inefficient or do not meet European standards.The multidimensional approach is taken to the concept of migration in terms of its impact on the demographic indicators and the prospects for settlement. The tendency to remain definitive in the destination country is well known and leads to considerable losses among the population. This loss results in a decrease in the economic growth rate, but at the same time social one, because the human factor is the most important source of economic growth. It is estimated that by 2040 more than one billion inhabitants of the planet will leave their place of origin to seek their place elsewhere. Such an evolution is objective and corresponds to advanced economic and social characteristics, especially in European areas. Developed economy, guaranteed jobs, respected human rights, full affirmation, especially among women, as well as a cultured society have contributed to the increase of Moldovan citizens' emigration.The article aims at a preliminary analysis of the relations between the components of international migration and the dynamics of the Republic of Moldova's population.In conclusion, the author points out the dependence on the economic, social, cultural and political advantages of Moldovan citizens, as well as the achievements and reforms of the national authorities in the process of European integration. In the absence of the political actors' awareness of the demographic crisis in the Republic of Moldova, the negative demographic forecasts for the coming years will be difficult to alleviate. To this end, to take the necessary actions and measures or to promote policies to stop this phenomenon, the negative effects identified in the emigration can be corrected and resolved.
Юрій Макар: Університети мого життя. Спогади.
Authors: Білецький Борис
Published: February 2025

Рецензія на книгу "Юрій Макар (2019), Університети мого життя. Спогади. Чернівці, Технодрук, 608 с."
Una revisión del estado del arte de la medida de la nanodureza usando el Microscopio de Fuerza Atómica
Authors: Arias Mateus Diego Fernando , Pérez Diego , Gonzáles Juan Manuel
Published: February 2025

in nanotechnology, one of the powerful tools is the atomic force microscope (AFM). Instrument used to characterize materials superficially. Nanoscale hardness (nanohardness) using nanoindentation method spectroscopy mode is considered when evaluating these characteristics. The suitable equipment to measure the hardness in materials such as thin films, with thicknesses on the order of tens of nanometers is the AFM. In this article, the authors propose a first approach to some models used to evaluate the hardness, using the AFM, based on the elastic model.
Evaluación del equilibrio de Nash para la provisión de QoS basado en retardo en redes inalámbricas IEEE 802.11
Authors: Astaiza Hoyos Evelio , Bermúdez Orozco Héctor Fabio , Muñoz Sanabria Luis Freddy
Published: February 2025

This article addresses one of the problems currently present in wireless communications: guarantee quality of service from the perspective of end-to-end delay in IEEE 802.11 networks. Due to the delay that occurs in some services such as audio, video and other applications; the result of this research, presents a possible solution to the above problem. To address this approach, a model of game, in which users are provided access to different network access points that service is used, in this case the players act non-cooperatively, where the game is modeled as a static game, ie assuming that users make decisions  simultaneously. The solution concept used is the Nash equilibrium (EN) under equilibrium arguments, this solution concept does not imply that the best overall result for users, only the best result for player considered individually, an algorithm is achieved is designed and implemented and to find this equilibrium, maximizing the utility of users.
Diseño y construcción de un dispositivo para la producción de tableros alistonados
Authors: Londoño Echeverri Carlos Andrés , Sepúlveda Tabares Simón Emilio
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of the design andconstruction, with appropriate technology, of a device whichserved as a test model for the production of Edge-glued panelsin the region (Pereira and Dosquebradas). Considering criticalvariables of the process: pressing pressure, temperature, andprocessing time.
Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Methods for Automated Diagnosis of Pulmonary Diseases from Chest X-Ray Images: A Study Based on ICD-10
Authors: Wijayakusuma I.G.N. Lanang , Sudarma Made , Putra I. Ketut Gede Darma , Sudana Oka
Published: February 2025

This research delves into the comparative assessment of diverse deep learning architectures for the automated identification of pulmonary diseases in chest X-ray images, aligning with the diagnostic framework of the International Classification of Deseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). The evaluated architectures encompass Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), MobileNetV2, DenseNet, VGG16, and InceptionV3. Through an extensive investigation conducted on a comprehensive dataset comprising 108,948 chest X-ray images, we scrutinize the performance metrics and diagnostic accuracy of each architecture. Notably, our findings reveal MobileNetV2 as the frontrunner, exhibiting an outstanding accuracy rate of 97% for Emphysema disease. This remarkable accuracy underscores the robustness and efficiency of MobileNetV2, even amidst large- scale diasets, positioning it as a promising solution for the automated detection of pulmonary ailments from medical imaging. Additionally, we analyze the computational efficiency and resource requirements of each architecture, providing insights into their practical applicability in real-world clinical settings. The implications of our study extend beyond technical benchmarks, offering valuable insights for healthcare practitioners, researchers, and developers working towards enhancing diagnostic processes in pulmonary healthcare. By elucidating the comparative strengths and limitations of various deep learning architectures, this research contributes to the advancement of computer-aided diagnosis systems, paving the way for more accurate and efficient detection of lung diseases from chest X-ray imaging data.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAME SPORTS
Authors: Semenov Sergei Vladimirovich
Published: February 2025

The monograph examines the methods of statistical analysis and forecasting, and their approbation is carried out using the example of game sports to solve specific socio-economic issues and make managerial decisions. Depending on the research objectives in sports statistics, three main areas can be distinguished: for the anthropological assessment of athletes and the search for dependencies with sports results; for analyzing the results of sports games and comparing teams and players; for calculating betting coefficients in bookmakers. Statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, reporting data from the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, statistics of the Kontinental Hockey League games, formed databases, results of solving computational problems, and personal observations of the author were used as initial data.
Potential of metallogenic fertility of the Triassic-Jurassic magmatism in the Santander Massif, Colombia: A zircon chemistry approach
Authors: Correa Martínez Ana María , Rodríguez García Gabriel
Published: February 2025

En este estudio se usan los elementos traza de los circones de varias unidades del magmatismo del límite triásico-jurásico del Macizo de Santander, con el fin de inferir el potencial de fertilidad metalogenética en metales base de Cu (±Mo ±Au) de los magmas. La evaluación se basa en el grado de hidratación y el estado de oxidación como factores que pueden hacer al magma fértil para mineralizaciones. La aplicación de indicadores de fertilidad, probados por otros autores en diversos yacimientos de pórfidos de Cu (±Mo ±Au) de todo el mundo, permite concluir que la mayoría de las unidades estudiadas presentan potencial fertilidad para los yacimientos de metales base de Cu (±Mo±Au). Las unidades geológicas con mayor potencial de fertilidad relativa son las facies dioríticas de La Corcova y la Tonalita y Granodiorita del Páramo Rico. En orden decreciente, con un potencial intermedio están las del Batolito de Mogotes, el Monzogranito de Rionegro, el Complejo Ígneo Intrusivo-Extrusivo y un cuerpo menor del Monzogranito de Santa Bárbara, mientras que con un posible bajo potencial están la Riolita de San Joaquín y las Riolitas del Alto Los Cacaos. Con muy bajo o nulo potencial se encuentra la Tonalita de San Martín.
Wildfire analysis in the Cobos-Parga Hydrographic Basin, Aguascalientes, through satellite images: impacts and solutions
Authors: Hernández-Machain Matías , Solís-Gutiérrez Sara , Cajero-Navarro Paulina E. , Herrero Otero Xabier , Lara-Galván Jesús L. , Martínez-Montoya Juan F. , Godínez-Hernández Ximena A.
Published: February 2025

Objective: Detect and analyse forest fires happening in the Cobos-Parga Hydrographic Basin.
Design/methodology/approach: For this analysis, the methodology that was followed ranges from the extraction of satellite images to the calculation of the Normalised Burn Ratio, thus enabling the detection of combusted zones. All this work was done thanks to the use of Geographic Information Systems.
Results: Frequent occurrence of fires was found in the area, mainly of anthropogenic origin and registered mainly from January to May. The increasing trends in annual precipitation and extreme maximum temperature are also evident in the study area. Therefore, climatic conditions do not exhibit a clear correlation between them and fires, supporting the idea that forest fires are mostly caused by anthropogenic reasons.
Limitations on study/implications: Finally, it is suggested that the CPHB is not suitable for the construction of real estate complexes, since it is estimated to be a zone of high fire risk.
Findings/conclusions: This highlights the necessity of establishing protection measurements that could control illegal activities, as well as monitoring fires and along with it, guarantee the biological and cultural preservation of the area.
Simulated surface normalised relative vorticity in INALT60 (Animation)
Authors: Schwarzkopf Franziska U.
Published: February 2025

Visualisation of daily averaged surface normalised relative vorticity as simulated on the highest resolution grid in INALT60.L120-KRS0020 for the period 2015/01/01 to 2017/12/31. Background image on the African continent: Blue Marble with Topography and Bathymetry
Enhanced Patch-wise Maximal Intensity Prior for Deblurring Neutron Radiographic Images
Authors: Yazid K. , Ibrahim H. , Zaid Abdullah Mohd
Published: February 2025

In neutron radiographic imaging, generally, the collimation ratio is assumed to be sufficiently large to ensure a valid approximation for parallel beam geometry. However, this assumption is difficult to apply in small nuclear reactors due to the low- intensity neutron flux. For this reason, these reactors produced inherently blurry neutron images. In this paper a blind deconvolution technique is investigated for the enhanced visual quality of neutron images through the reduction of blurring artefacts. Technically, this approach is extremely challenging because it requires an unknown point spread function. To solve this problem, scholars employ the gradient minimization strategy under the framework of a maximum a posterior, which leads to the development of an improved deblurring method, referred to in this paper as the enhanced patch-wise intensity prior. Experimental results demonstrate that the high competitiveness of the proposed method in terms of blind or no-reference evaluation measure, with an average of 46.1 for six neutron images used in this study. This value is considerably lower compared with those of existing deblurring techniques, which implies a more accurate restoration. Additionally, the proposed method resulted in the highest, and hence, the best entropy and contrast values, averaging at 7.09 and 1.05 respectively. The proposed method is also the second fastest technique witd mean time of 180 s.
Pancreatic Lesions Misdiagnosed as Adenocarcinoma Due to Imaging Findings
Authors:   Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Hilendarov Atanas Dimitrov , Chervenkov Lyubomir Georgiev ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To present imaging investigation of neoplastic, inflammatory and benign pancreatic lesions as
well as non-pancreatic processes that can simulate pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Materials and methods: One hundred and forty five patients were examined by CT investigation in
purpose to present pancreatic lesions witch previously suspected on other diagnostic methods of imaging.
Results and discussions: Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (ACP) is one of the most aggressive
malignances - leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Focal fatty infiltration is
usually most pronounced in the head of the pancreas and at contrast enhancement in CT usually appears
as a region with reduced contrast material compared to normal pancreatic tissue simulating PA. Imaging
of a hypoattenuating lesion in the head of the pancreas corresponds to adenocarcinoma in most cases.
Conclusion: However radiologists should be careful, because a false positive diagnosis can lead to
unnecessary surgery, which is not without complications.
Microbiome and Treatment Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Solutions
Authors:   Institute of Teaching, Research, and Innovation, Liga Contra o Câncer, Natal, Brazil, do Rêgo Amália Cinthia Meneses ,   Full Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology at Potiguar University, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil, Filho Irami Araújo- ,   Institute of Teaching, Research, and Innovation, Liga Contra o Câncer, Natal, Brazil,   Full Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology at Potiguar University, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil,   Full Professor, Department of Surgery, Potiguar University. Ph.D. in Health Science, Natal-RN, Brazil
Published: February 2025

This review investigates the complex role of the gut microbiome in modulating treatment resistance
in colorectal cancer (CRC), examining mechanisms that influence therapeutic outcomes across
chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Through a systematic search of databases,
including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, SciELO, and gray literature from Google Scholar,
we identified relevant studies addressing microbial interactions with cancer treatments. Key insights
reveal how specific microbial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, impact chemotherapy efficacy
by altering drug metabolism and promoting immune evasion. Genetic mutations in patients, notably in
immune-regulatory genes like MSH2 and MLH1, further shape microbiome composition, contributing
to an immunosuppressive environment that fosters CRC progression and resistance. The review also
addresses immunotherapeutic outcomes, highlighting the role of microbial species in modulating immune
checkpoints, such as PD-1 and PD-L1, and influencing CAR-T cell therapy. Microbial metabolites,
including short-chain fatty acids, impact tumor microenvironment signaling pathways associated
with resistance. Therapeutic strategies, such as dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal
microbiota transplantation, are discussed as potential approaches to modify the microbiome, enhance
treatment responses, and reduce recurrence risks. This synthesis underscores
the need to explore further microbiome-targeted therapies and their integration into precision oncology
for optimized CRC management.
Incorporation of robotic automated transcranial Doppler to screen for patent foramen ovale (PFO) and quantify right-to-left shunt severity in the evaluation of ischemic stroke patients for etiology and PFO management
Authors: Chang Ira , Pirahanchi Yasaman , Izaguirre Simon , Rodriguez Richard , Wicknick Alyssa
Published: February 2025

Background

Right-to-left shunt (RLS) associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) is common among cryptogenic strokes. Current diagnostic tools have limitations. Transthoratic echocardiography (TTE) is not as sensitive as Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), TEE is invasive, and manual transcranial Doppler (TCD) requires trained staff to operate. Robotic automated TCD (raTCD) may be feasible and comparable to manual TCD. The study's purpose was to determine the rate of RLS detection using raTCD and combine the Spencer Logarithmic Scale (SLS) with the Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) to identify patients at risk of PFO associated stroke or TIA.

Methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult patients (≥18 y/o) admitted from December 2021 to December 2022 with a stroke or transient ischemic attack. Those with no bone window or stroke mimics were excluded. Patients with an RLS on raTCD received a second scan at the physician's discretion. The SLS combined with the RoPE score was used to generate a modified screening PFO-Associated Stroke Causal Likelihood (msPASCAL) classification.

Results

Of 212 patients who received raTCD, the mean age was 56, 14% were >65 years old, most were white (72%), predominantly male (59%), 52% had cryptogenic strokes, and 59% had an RLS. Most patients were able to perform Valsalva (89%) during raTCD. Of those with an RLS, 56% had an SLS of 1–2, while 44% had an SLS of 3–5. There were no significant differences in characteristics by SLS. Most patients with SLS grades 1–2 were classified using msPASCAL as unlikely to have PFO as stroke etiology (n = 55, 44%). A small number of large SLS grades 3–5 were considered probable for having a PFO-associated stroke while the rest were classified as possible (n = 38, 30.4%). Eight patients with positive RLS on raTCD had a negative TTE with bubbles; most of those had small RLS on raTCD (n = 5, 63%) or could not Valsalva due to sedation ((n = 6, 75%).

Discussion

This study supports the feasibility of utilizing raTCD for RLS detection. The modified screening PASCAL classification can be generated for RLS patients and may be used to guide subsequent evaluation and management.
The associations between optimism, personal growth initiative and the latent classes of social media addiction
Authors: Yue Heng , Gao Shiwen , Huang Yufeng , Zhang Xuemin
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Most previous studies have explored the risk antecedents of social media addiction, while few studies have focused on the protective factors that may decrease the risk of this behavioral disorder. By using a person-centered method, the current study focused on the effects of two protective factors (optimism and personal growth initiative) on the latent classes of social media addiction.

Methods

552 college students (248 females) participated in the current study, Mplus 8.3 software was adopted to conduct the latent class analysis.

Results

The results revealed that based on the scores of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, social media users were classified into three subgroups: low-risk class, moderate-risk class, and high-risk class. The prevalence rate of social media addiction in college students was about 9.6%. Female gender was a positive predictor of the membership of a higher-risk class. Individuals with greater optimism and personal growth initiative were less likely to be classified in a higher-risk class.

Discussion

Mental health professionals or educators can use these results to design interventions targeting the two aspects to mitigate social media addiction, which may contribute to the positive development of young people.
Simulation of a field condition to evaluate the risk of enrofloxacin-resistant Pasteurella multocida strain selection in food producing rabbits treated via drinking water
Authors: Circella Elena , Lucatello Lorena , Montanucci Ludovica , Belloli Chiara , Capolongo Francesca
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Pasteurella multocida is a key bacterial agent involved in most respiratory disorders in rabbits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of selecting Pasteurella multocida strains resistant to enrofloxacin (ENRO) in food producing rabbits treated with ENRO via drinking water, according to the standard husbandry practices. Indeed, despite the EU community guidelines recommend a prudent use of antibiotics and promote new strategies to prevent bacterial diseases, antimicrobial therapy remains the primary approach for pasteurellosis management in rabbits. Therefore, the potential risk of selecting resistant bacteria in food-producing animals requires identifying optimized dosage regimens to minimize resistance emergence and to extend the useful lifetime of the drug.

Methods

In this study, we isolated Pasteurella multocida strains from bacterial colonies sampled in nasal swabs collected from 6 healthy rabbits and 12 rabbits suffering respiratory disorders. Animals were sourced from industrial farms and were randomly selected to investigate the inter-individual variability in antimicrobial exposure associated with treatment via drinking water. Sick rabbits underwent an approved ENRO treatment (10 mg/kg for 5 days) administered via drinking water, following standard husbandry practices. We investigated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of ENRO against bacterial strains in healthy rabbits and in sick rabbits before and after treatment. We recorded plasma drug concentrations of treated animals, and we applied the mutant selection window (MSW) approach to each subject. Finally, we calculated the PK/PD indices for concentration-dependent antimicrobials to assess ENRO’s clinical efficacy and it’s potential for promoting resistance using published pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and maximum drug plasma concentrations recorded in this study.

Results

Here we showed that treatment with ENRO improved clinical signs in rabbits with pasteurellosis but failed to completely eradicate the pathogen, consistent with previous studies. MPC-based analysis showed acquired resistance and potential ENRO-induced shift to a lesser sensitivity in the P. multocida population. Moreover, MSW analysis revealed that 45% of treated rabbits exhibited potential for drug resistance selection.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that the current ENRO dosing regimen for pasteurellosis in rabbits is inadequate and may contribute to resistance development.
The Impact of Ergonomic Rationalisation on the Efficiency and Productivity of the Production Process
Authors: Marková Petra , Vrecková Dominika , Mĺkva Miroslava , Szabó Peter , Čambál Miloš
Published: February 2025

This paper is aimed at understanding the possibility of applying ergonomics in the reorganisation of the work environment with the aim to improve working conditions and to increase the productivity of the examined workplace in an industrial company. Due to constant changes in markets, industrial companies are forced to seek new methods and paradigms for planning and managing innovations in order to ensure their competitiveness. An essential part of this process is the emphasis on improving production processes, where various methods with different focuses can be used. These methods not only optimise work processes, but also allow companies to minimise the resources needed for production and increase overall productivity. Another useful tool for industrial enterprises can be ergonomic rationalisation. The importance of ergonomics in improving employee working conditions and production process efficiency has been the subject of studies promoting various concepts. This study focuses in particular on examining the possibility of extending the outputs obtained by the REFA method to outputs obtained through ergonomic analysis. To achieve the objectives of the paper, the case study method was chosen, given that it was necessary to apply the REFA method in combination with ergonomic rationalisation in the specific conditions of the industrial company for the possibility of identifying bottlenecks in the production process from the point of view of its productivity, efficiency, and workforce involvement. Based on the results, it was possible to propose measures to increase the efficiency of the production process while respecting the principles of ergonomics. As part of the solution, the author team concluded that the findings obtained by combining both methods do not show significant differences, but rather complement each other and provide a broader view of the issue under study. At the same time, it can be stated that the solution cannot be considered definitive due to possible dynamic changes in the industrial environment (changes in the composition of the workforce and the scale of production and evolving technology, e.g., AI). The subject of future research will be to adapt the applied combination of methods so that it is universally applicable to any industrial sector, with minimal required adjustments to meet the specifics of individual industries.
ZmC2GnT Positively Regulates Maize Seed Rot Resistance Against Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Sun Doudou , Li Huan , Ye Wenchao , Song Zhihao , Zhou Zijian , Jing Pei , Chen Jiafa , Wu Jianyu
Published: February 2025

Fusarium verticillioides can systematically infect maize through seeds, triggering stalk rot and ear rot at a later stage, thus resulting in yield loss and quality decline. Seeds carrying F. verticillioides are unsuitable for storage and pose a serious threat to human and animal health due to the toxins released by the fungus. Previously, the candidate gene ZmC2GnT was identified, using linkage and association analysis, as potentially implicated in maize seed resistance to F. verticillioides; however, its disease resistance mechanism remained unknown. Our current study revealed that ZmC2GnT codes an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, using sequence structure and evolutionary analysis. The candidate gene association analysis revealed multiple SNPs located in the UTRs and introns of ZmC2GnT. Cloning and comparing ZmC2GnT showed variations in the promoter and CDS of resistant and susceptible materials. The promoter of ZmC2GnT in the resistant parent contains one extra cis-element ABRE associated with the ABA signal, compared to the susceptible parent. Moreover, the amino acid sequence of ZmC2GnT in the resistant parent matches that of B73, but the susceptible parent contains ten amino acid alterations. The resistant material BT-1 and the susceptible material N6 were used as parents to observe the expression level of the ZmC2GnT. The results revealed that the expression of ZmC2GnT in disease-resistant maize seeds was significantly up-regulated after infection with F. verticillioides. After treatment with F. verticillioides or ABA, the expression activity of the ZmC2GnT promoter increased significantly in the resistant material, but no discernible difference was detected in the susceptible material. When ZmC2GnT from resistant and susceptible materials was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, the seeds’ resistance to F. verticillioides increased, although there was no significant difference between the two types of overexpressed plants. Our study revealed that ZmC2GnT could participate in the immune process of plants against pathogenic fungus. ZmC2GnT plays a significant role in regulating the disease-resistance process of maize seeds, laying the foundation for future research into the regulatory mechanism and the development of new disease-resistant maize varieties.
Molecular Insights into Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Coronary Artery Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ghanta Sai Nikhila , Kattamuri Lakshmi. P. V. , Odueke Adetayo , Mehta Jawahar L.
Published: February 2025

Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Acute myocardial infarction results in ischemia-induced cellular dysfunction and death. While timely reperfusion limits myocardial damage, it paradoxically triggers ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), exacerbating tissue damage. IRI, first observed in the 1960s, is mediated by complex molecular pathways, including oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. This review examines emerging therapeutic strategies targeting IRI, including ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning, pharmacological agents, and anti-inflammatory therapies. Preconditioning serves as an endogenous protection mechanism, while pharmacological postconditioning has become a more clinically feasible approach to target oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis during reperfusion. Pharmacological agents, such as GSK-3β inhibitors, JNK inhibitors, and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, have shown promise in modulating molecular pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB, to reduce myocardial injury and enhance recovery. Combination therapies, integrating pharmacological agents with mechanical postconditioning, provide a synergistic approach to further protect tissue and mitigate damage. However, translating preclinical findings to clinical practice remains challenging due to discrepancies between animal models and human conditions, particularly with comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. Continued research is essential to refine these therapies, optimize clinical application, and address translational challenges to improve outcomes in IRI.
Comparison of Field and Laboratory Tests for Soil Suitability Assessment in Raw Earth Construction
Authors: Saliba Jacqueline , Al-Shaar Walid , Delage Madeline
Published: February 2025

The demand for earth construction, primarily driven by environmental considerations, is currently growing. Earth, as a building material, has a very low carbon footprint and is easily recyclable, promoting a circular economy. It is also valued for its intrinsic qualities such as hygrothermal properties, air quality, acoustic performance, and esthetics. To meet this demand and promote earth construction, a better understanding of the local resources is essential. However, not all soils are suitable for earth construction, and their properties can significantly influence the final material performance. The assessment of soil suitability for earth construction requires both scientific rigor and practical field applicability. This study evaluates the correlation between traditional field-testing methods and standardized laboratory analyses through a comprehensive characterization of 39 soils from the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in France. The research methodology integrated different field tests commonly used by practitioners, including sensory evaluations, plasticity tests, and cohesion assessments, with five standardized geotechnical tests covering particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, methylene blue value, organic matter content, and density measurements. The particle size distribution analysis revealed diverse soil compositions, with clay-sized particle content (<0.002 mm) ranging from 5% to 75%. Strong correlations were established between field and laboratory results, particularly between the cigar test and plasticity index (R2 = 0.8863), and between ring test scores and clay-sized particle content percentages, validating the reliability of traditional testing methods. Plasticity indices varied from 0% to 50%, indicating different soil behaviors and potential applications. These correlations demonstrate that while traditional field tests provide reliable preliminary assessment tools, laboratory testing remains essential for final material validation. The results demonstrate that while several soils are directly suitable for various earth construction techniques, other soils falling outside conventional recommendation envelopes may still be suitable for specific construction techniques when appropriately evaluated and may require modification through sieving, mixing, or stabilization.
Three-Layer Framework Integrating Optimal Placement of Supervisory, Control, and Acquisition System Measurements with Clustering-Based Electric Substations Selection for State Estimation of Medium-Voltage Distribution Networks
Authors: Dandea Vasilica , Galbau Stefania , Baciu Mihai-Alexandru , Grigoras Gheorghe
Published: February 2025

One of the biggest challenges, both from a technical and economic point of view, of the Distribution Network Operators refers to identifying the locations (electric distribution substations) integrated into a supervisory, control, and acquisition (SCADA) system to perform on-site measurements used in the state estimation of the electric distribution networks (EDNs). In response to this challenge, a robust and resilient three-layer methodology has been proposed to solve the state estimate issue of the EDNs based on an optimal placement algorithm of the remote terminal units integrated into the SCADA system at the level of the EDSs. The first layer allows a clustering algorithm-based determination of the classes of the EDSs with similar features of the load profiles. The second layer identifies the “candidate” classes and decides the pilot EDSs with on-site SCADA measurements. The third layer allows the state estimation of the EDN based on the load values measured in the pilot EDEs. The framework was tested and validated using a medium voltage EDN of a Romanian DNO supplying an urban area. The results obtained highlighted that the accuracy had been ensured for on-site measurements in 12 of 39 EDSs (representing approximately 30% of EDSs integrated into the SCADA system), leading to a mean average percentage error of 2.6% for the load estimation and below 1% for the state variables determined by a power flow calculation at the level of the EDN. Consequently, the framework can significantly decrease the investments associated with integrating the SCADA system by the DNOs, with great benefits regarding the state estimation of the EDNs.
Gram-Scale Green-Emission Carbon Quantum Dots Produced from Wood via the Hydrothermal Synthesis Method for the Detection of Fe (III)
Authors: Mu Pingxuan , Han Yu , Wang Jinxin
Published: February 2025

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a distinctive class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, exhibit considerable potential for widespread application across several industries due to their safety, environmental sustainability, excellent water solubility, and tunable yet stable fluorescence properties. Nevertheless, the mass field is limited, and the cost of production is higher for the majority of methods. This study examines a cost-effective approach for the hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) from wood using NH3·H2O as the nitrogen precursor, facilitated by H2O2 and ultraviolet light. The produced N-CQDs demonstrate superior crystallinity and solubility in water, with the average particle size of 5.02 nm. After 10 experiments under the same conditions, a significant and stable yield of 5.04 g (42 wt%) was finally obtained by hydrothermal synthesis. The N-CQDs solution exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to ultraviolet light, and its fluorescence performance is influenced by concentration and excitation wavelength. Furthermore, it explores their application in identifying Fe (III) in water. The surface of N-CQDs is abundant in hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, distinctive nitrogen-containing groups, and various oxygen-containing functional groups. Fe (III) can extinguish fluorescence in water. The ratio of fluorescence intensity before and after to the addition of Fe (III) solution to the N-CQDs solution (F0/F) exhibits the effective linear correlation within the concentration range of 0.1 to 100 μmol/L. Within the concentration range of 100 to 1000 μmol/L, the increase in Fe (III) concentration results in substantial aggregation of Fe (III) and N-CQDs, along with a blue shift in the fluorescence wavelength. This discovery possesses significant potential for the synthesis and application of environmentally friendly, high-yield N-CQDs.
An Integration Framework for the Inpainting and Colorization of Arbitrary Masked Grayscale Images
Authors: Yeo Woon-Ha , Ryu Han-Cheol
Published: February 2025

Image inpainting and colorization are crucial tasks in image restoration, yet existing methods typically address them independently, limiting their applicability to complex real-world scenarios. Conventional inpainting techniques struggle with maintaining structural consistency in arbitrarily masked regions, while colorization models often assume fully restored grayscale inputs. To bridge this gap, we propose a unified framework that seamlessly integrates inpainting and colorization into a single pipeline. Our approach leverages three state-of-the-art models: the segment anything model (SAM) for detecting arbitrary masked regions, the mask-aware transformer (MAT) for structurally coherent inpainting, and the dual-decoder colorization model (DDColor) for producing perceptually consistent colorized outputs. By integrating these models, our framework effectively restores both structure and color, handling arbitrary masks with greater robustness than existing methods. Experimental results on diverse datasets demonstrate superior performance in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. Our findings highlight the advantages of a unified approach to image restoration and provide a foundation for future advancements in multi-stage deep learning frameworks.
Challenges and Opportunities in Cytopathology Artificial Intelligence
Authors: VandeHaar Meredith A. , Al-Asi Hussien , Doganay Fatih , Yilmaz Ibrahim , Alazab Heba , Xiao Yao , Balan Jagadheshwar , Dangott Bryan J. , Nassar Aziza , Reynolds Jordan P. , Akkus Zeynettin
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize cytopathology by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility. However, the implementation of AI in this field presents significant challenges and opportunities. This review paper explores the current landscape of AI applications in cytopathology, highlighting the critical challenges, including data quality and availability, algorithm development, integration and standardization, and clinical validation. We discuss challenges such as the limitation of only one optical section and z-stack scanning, the complexities associated with acquiring high-quality labeled data, the intricacies of developing robust and generalizable AI models, and the difficulties in integrating AI tools into existing laboratory workflows. The review also identifies substantial opportunities that AI brings to cytopathology. These include the potential for improved diagnostic accuracy through enhanced detection capabilities and consistent, reproducible results, which can reduce observer variability. AI-driven automation of routine tasks can significantly increase efficiency, allowing cytopathologists to focus on more complex analyses. Furthermore, AI can serve as a valuable educational tool, augmenting the training of cytopathologists and facilitating global health initiatives by making high-quality diagnostics accessible in resource-limited settings. The review underscores the importance of addressing these challenges to harness the full potential of AI in cytopathology, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.