bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of International Relations Scholarship and its Praxis in Sri Lanka: A Review of Historical Evidence
Authors: Melegoda Nayani , Hasangani Sandunika
Published: April 2021

101 years have passed since the birth of the academic discipline of International Relations (IR) at the University College Wales, Aberystwyth in 1919. After approximately 60 years, the discipline was introduced to the academic realms of Sri Lanka, by appointing Dr. Shelton U. Kodikara as the first professor in IR at the University of Colombo. However, Sri Lanka’s praxis of international relations dates back to the pre-colonial times. Arguably, as much historical evidence attests, the praxis of international relations during the early-independence period was materialized in a void of academic expertise. Given this backdrop, the present study reviews the prevailing literature (including primary and secondary historical evidence) on the inception and growth of International Relations as a specific academic discipline of its own identity in Sri Lanka. Below, the authors briefly examine the historical praxis of IR in Sri Lanka, establishment of the discipline in the public university system, including the establishment of the Department of International Relations at the University of Colombo. The status of teaching IR at local universities and the future directions of the discipline receive special attention for the above discussion. The growth of national think tanks focusing on different aspects of the discipline is understood as a positive sign. In addition, the authors also focus on the constructive role played by Ministry of Foreign Relations underpinning the discipline. The study concludes with several suggestions to bridge the gap between the academia and the practitioners of international relations of Sri Lanka.
Antimicrobial resistance: Nurse’s knowledge and perception in a tertiary level care hospital in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Dayyab Farouq Muhammad , Iliyasu Garba , Ibrahim Yusuf Ahmad , Habib Abdulrazaq Garba
Published: April 2021

Nursing staff has a significant role to play in the control of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) through infection control and patient education. We studied the knowledge of nurses on AMR for purpose of planning AMR control efforts. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 21st June and 30th July 2017, among nurses working at Federal Medical Center Nguru, Yobe State. Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were computed to describe factors associated with knowledge of AMR. Only 37.2% of the respondents had good knowledge of AMR. Age more than or equal to 40 years versus less than 40 years (RR=2.66, 95% CI: 1.253-5.662), work experience greater than or equal to 10 years versus less than 10 years (RR=2.94, 95% CI: 1.518-5.686) predicted good knowledge of AMR. A significant knowledge gap on AMR among nurses has been identified. We recommend a robust AMR awareness initiative to educate nursing staff on AMR. Further studies among other cadre of healthcare workers should be conducted to define and address the AMR knowledge gap among all Nigerian healthcare workforces.
The legacy of Augusto Vigna Taglianti in amphipod taxonomy and biogeography
Authors: Stoch Fabio
Published: April 2021

the contribution to groundwater amphipod taxonomy and biogeography given by Augusto Vigna taglianti is illustrated. Starting from his master thesis presented in Rome on the genus Niphargus under the supervision of prof. Sandro Ruffo, his passion for groundwater amphipods led him to publish several papers, describing 3 genera and 19 species new to Science. his hypothesis on the ancient origin of transadriatic distribution of niphargid amphipods were recently confirmed by sophisticated molecular methods and statistical historical biogeography. the paper is a tribute to Vigna taglianti’s memory and emphasizes his deep knowledge of our fauna, demonstrating the importance of his contribution to the development of current research activities on groundwater amphipod diversity.
Qualche dato sulla collezione entomologica di Augusto Vigna Taglianti donata al Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria” di Genova
Authors: Poggi Roberto
Published: April 2021

Si riferisce sulla donazione al Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria” di Genova della collezione entomologica del Prof. Augusto Vigna Taglianti (1943-2019), sul suo riordinamento e, sinteticamente, sui suoi contenuti (Coleoptera Carabidae e Dermaptera).
Awake prone positioning in non-intubated patients for the management of hypoxemia in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: PB Sryma , Mittal Saurabh , Madan Karan , Mohan Anant , Tiwari Pawan , Hadda Vijay , Pandey Ravindra Mohan , Guleria Randeep
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) may lead to hypoxemia, requiring intensive care in many patients. Awake prone positioning (PP) is reported to improve oxygenation and is a relatively safe modality. We performed a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the available evidence and performed meta-analysis of the effect of awake PP in non-intubated patients on improvement in oxygenation and reducing the need for intubation. We searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify studies using awake PP as a therapeutic strategy in the management of COVID-19. Studies were included if they reported respiratory outcomes and included five or more subjects. The quality of individual studies was assessed by the Qualsyst tool. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the proportion of patients requiring intubation. The degree of improvement in oxygenation parameters (PaO2: FiO2 or PaO2 or SpO2) was also calculated. Sixteen studies (seven prospective trials, three before-after studies, six retrospective series) were selected for review. The pooled proportion of patients who required mechanical ventilation was 0.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16-0.34). There was a significant improvement in PaO2: FiO2 ratio, PaO2, and SpO2 during awake PP. To conclude, there is limited evidence to support the efficacy of awake PP for the management of hypoxemia in COVID-19. Further RCTs are required to study the impact of awake PP on key parameters like avoidance of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, and mortality.
Psicoanalisi in forma e azione
Authors: Di Donato Veronica , Di Nunzio Chiara , Dionisi Beatrice , Ferrari Martina , Guglielmo Maria , Laudati Alessia , Raccosta Camilla , Ranauro Arianna , Scano Alessia
Published: April 2021

Il lavoro presenta una riflessione a partire dall’esperienza delle autrici sulla formazione in psicoanalisi. Negli ultimi anni, il percorso formativo si è sempre più complessificato prevedendo un iter articolato in quattro pilastri formativi: seminari teorici, supervisione, analisi personale e tirocinio. Nello specifico, le autrici approfondiscono l’esperienza del tirocinio e quella della supervisione, nel tentativo di narrare lo snodarsi del processo formativo tra criticità e trasformazione. La parte dedicata al tirocinio esplora il faticoso transito da una psicoanalisi ‘privata’ ad una ‘pubblica’ ponendo l’accento sui vissuti e gli interrogativi del tirocinante stesso. La supervisione viene trattata come spazio di apprendimento e di rielaborazione delle prime esperienze analitiche dell’allievo che avvengono durante il tirocinio. La natura contestuale di tali esperienze rende la supervisione un processo ancora più complesso in cui è necessario coniugare la logica interna dell’apprendimento formativo con la sua applicabilità nei contesti.
Commento all’articolo: Psicoanalisi in forma e azione
Authors: Coin Romina
Published: April 2021

Non disponibile
The therapist’s gambit - Riflessioni psicoterapeutiche e didattiche sulla serie ‘La regina degli scacchi’
Authors: Albertini Valentina
Published: April 2021

Non disponibile
Muscle Activation During Single-Legged Squat Is Affected by Position of the Nonstance Limb
Authors: Khuu Anne , Loverro Kari L. , Lewis Cara L.
Published: April 2021

Context

The single-legged squat (SLS) is appropriate for targeting activation, strengthening, and neuromuscular retraining of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and quadriceps. However, the effects of different nonstance-limb positions on muscle activity have not been fully evaluated.

Objective

To compare the muscle activity of selected stance-limb hip muscles during the SLS using 3 nonstance-limb positions: in front (SLS-Front), in the middle (SLS-Middle), and in back (SLS-Back).

Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting

Biomechanics laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 17 healthy adults (8 men, 9 women; age = 22.6 ± 3.6 years, height = 173.3 ± 10.7 cm, mass = 71.2 ± 11.0 kg) participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Surface electromyographic data of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, lateral hamstrings, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and tensor fascia lata (TFL) as well as kinetic data of the hip and knee were collected while participants performed the 3 SLS tasks. Mean muscle-activation levels during the descent and ascent phases for the selected hip muscles and hip and knee kinetics in all 3 planes were compared for the 3 tasks. Each variable of interest was analyzed using a separate linear regression model with a generalized estimating equations correction.

Results

Muscle-activation levels of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and TFL for the stance limb during descent (P ≤ .04) and the medial hamstrings and TFL during ascent (P ≤ .002) were different among the SLS tasks. The greatest number of differences occurred between SLS-Front and SLS-Back. During descent, gluteal muscle activity was greater in SLS-Front (P ≤ .03) and SLS-Middle (P = .03) than in SLS-Back. For both phases, TFL activity was greater during SLS-Front than during both SLS-Middle and SLS-Back (P ≤ .006). Kinetic differences at the hip and knee between SLS tasks were also observed (P values ≤ .02).

Conclusions

The 3 SLS tasks had different muscle-activation and kinetic profiles. Clinicians and researchers can vary nonstance-limb position during the SLS to manipulate muscle-activation levels and tailor the exercise to assist with goals at different stages of rehabilitation.
Differences in Biomechanical Loading Magnitude During a Landing Task in Male Athletes With and Those Without Patellar Tendinopathy
Authors: Pietrosimone Laura S. , Blackburn J. Troy , Wikstrom Erik A. , Berkoff David J. , Docking Sean I. , Cook Jill , Padua Darin A.
Published: April 2021

Context

Researchers have not established if overloading or underloading movement profiles are present in symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes with patellar tendon structural abnormality (PTA) compared with healthy athletes.

Objective

To compare involved-limb landing biomechanics between male athletes with and those without patellar tendinopathy.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 43 male athletes were grouped based on patellar tendon pain and ultrasound imaging of the proximal patellar tendon: symptomatic with PTA (SYM; n = 13; age = 19.62 ± 1.61 years, height = 1.82 ± 0.05 m, mass = 83.46 ± 5.12 kg), asymptomatic with PTA (ASYM; n = 15; age = 21.13 ± 1.88 years, height = 1.84 ± 0.07 m, mass = 81.45 ± 13.26 kg), and healthy control (CON; n = 15; age = 19.60 ± 1.55 years, height = 1.84 ± 0.09 m, mass = 79.09 ± 12.37 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Three-dimensional biomechanics were collected during a double-limb jump-landing task. Kinematic (knee-flexion angle [KF]) and kinetic (vertical ground reaction force, internal knee-extension moment [KEM], patellar tendon force [FPT]) variables were analyzed as continuous waveforms during the stance phase for the involved limb. Mean values were calculated for each 1% of stance, normalized over 202 data points (0%–100%), and plotted with 95% CIs. Statistical significance was defined as a lack of 95% CI overlap for a minimum of a consecutive 3% of the stance phase.

Results

The SYM group had less KF than the CON group throughout the stance phase (8%–76%: Cohen d = 1.14 ± 0.12, mean difference [MD] = 15.83° ± 2.71°). The ASYM group had less KF than the CON group in the early (8%–13%: Cohen d = 0.99 ± 0.04, MD = 7.99° ± 0.39°; 21%–24%: Cohen d = 1.01 ± 0.01, MD = 11.11° ± 0.32°) and late (74%–94%: Cohen d = 0.96 ± 0.07, MD = 9.55° ± 1.13°) stance phases. The SYM group had a smaller KEM (6.5%–9%: Cohen d = 1.21 ± 0.08, MD = 0.04 ± 0.004 N·m/[Nbw·mht]) and less FPT (6%–9%: Cohen d = 1.15 ± 0.15, MD = 0.85 ± 0.15 body weight) than the CON group in the early stance phase. The SYM group also displayed a smaller KEM (38%–56%: Cohen d = 1.17 ± 0.06, MD = 0.03 ± 0.001 N·m/[Nbw·mht]) and less FPT (36%–60%: Cohen d = 1.22 ± 0.08, MD = 0.66 ± 0.05 body weight) than the ASYM group in the midstance phase.

Conclusions

The SYM group demonstrated a patellar tendon load-avoidance profile compared with the ASYM and CON groups. The ASYM group showed no evidence of overloading compared with the CON group. Our findings support the need for individualized treatments for athletes with tendinopathy to maximize load capacity.
Dental Management and Restoration of Confidence in Children with Hollywood Appliance
Authors: Pathak Amit Kumar , Patil Sanketa Bharat
Published: April 2021

Loss of anterior teeth can have a detrimental effect on children's quality of life, and the therapeutic approaches are always challenging. Missing teeth can have a marked psychosocial effect and functional implications for a growing child. This report describes the replacement of missing teeth in 5-and 9-year-old male patients by Hollywood appliance. These cases illustrate the essential role of the pediatric dentist in the management of missing teeth in the mixed dentition stage. The treatment outcomes had a positive impact on the confidence of children as well.
Periosteum Eversion Technique – A Preliminary Technique for Root Coverage
Authors: Kavarthapu Avinash , Gurumoorthy Kaarthikeyan
Published: April 2021

The periosteum that covers the bone is highly composed of cellular connective tissue which is rich in vascularity with greater regenerative potential, thereby making it suitable to use as an autogenous graft material. This technique of periosteal eversion uses periosteum to cover the denuded root surface of multiple teeth prior to orthodontic treatment. Therefore, the purpose of the case series was to assess the amount of root coverage obtained with the help of eversion of periosteum where a single surgical site is involved in cases of periodontally compromised teeth that needs orthodontic correction. Patients with Miller's Class II/III were selected with malpositioned teeth. Partial thickness flap was elevated, and the periosteum was separated from the underlying bone surface. It is then everted to cover the exposed root surface and stabilized with vicryl suture. After 6 months of evaluation, periosteal eversion technique covered 75% of the denuded root surface. Hence, the periosteal eversion technique can be used as a preliminary procedure for the treatment of gingival recession that gives support for the tooth for further orthodontic treatment.
“Microsoft PowerPoint-based Digital Smile Designing”
Authors: Kumar Meenu Madhu , Praveena G. , Radhakrishnan Nair K.
Published: April 2021

Dental fluorosis discoloration and maxillary anterior tooth spacing are problems that require aesthetic management. Various factors will influence the selection of restorative techniques and materials used for the treatment. The digital smile designing (DSD) is a tool that helps in diagnostic vision, improve communication, and enhance predictability throughout the treatment in esthetic dentistry. In this case report, a simplified version of DSD using Microsoft PowerPoint was described. Here, we also discuss the management of dental fluorosis and a maxillary anterior tooth spacing of a young female by microabrasion, frenectomy, and direct composite restoration.
A Case with Sexual Dysfunction Improved by Vortioxetine Dose Reduction and Sensate Focus Exercises
Authors: Dönmezler Süleyman , Sen Meltem , Yildirim Münevver Hacioglu
Published: April 2021

Major depression disorder in its nature and antidepressants as side effects may cause people to have sexual dysfunction. In the literature, it has been shown in a few examples that it may be beneficial for sexual dysfunction to switch drugs from a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to vortioxetine. Vortioxetine is an antagonist for 5-HT3 and 5-HT7, a partial agonist for HT1B and agonist for 5-HT1A and has been known for its low level of sexual dysfunctionality. There is a case showing that vortioxetine with high doses might cause sexual impairment and dose reduction might be a treatment option for this side effect. In this case, vortioxetine dose reduction and sexual improvement were simultaneous. Although the sensory exercises might also help the treatment of sexual dysfunction, it should not be ignored that vortioxetine may cause dose-dependent sexual side effects.
Examining the Relationship between the Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Myths among University Students in Turkey
Authors: Balkanoglu Cuneyt , Erensoy Habib , Donmezler Suleyman , Berkol Tonguc Demir
Published: April 2021

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge among university students on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and to compare the level of knowledge of this sample on STDs and their sexual myths.

Methods:

The sociodemographic data of 200 university students studying at several universities in Turkey randomly selected between January and March 2019 were evaluated with the “Sociodemographic Questionnaire,” their knowledge of STDs with the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Knowledge Questionnaire (STDKQ), and their beliefs in sexual myths with the Sexual Myths Scale (SMS).

Results:

There was no difference between the STDKQ and the SMS in terms of demographic variables. However, differentiation was seen between the “sexual behavior,” which is one of the subscales of sexual myths, and STDs. The STDKQ scores revealed that individuals who were previously informed received higher scores than those who did not. The level of knowledge about STDs was higher in men than in women.

Conclusion:

The knowledge of STDs among university students and their beliefs in sexual myths were evaluated based on sociodemographic variables. According to the results, we obtained from our research to increase the level of knowledge about STDs, and for the healthy development of sexual behavior, formal education including sexual health issues should be provided, research should be done for each region in Turkey on this subject, and in line with the results, necessary information should be provided regarding sexual health.
Animal Models of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Kocaturk Rumeysa Rabia , Ozcan Oznur Ozge , Karahan Mesut
Published: April 2021

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorder that appears as a subset of attention deficit and different subspecies in which both occur together and is generally observed in childhood. Pharmacological agents such as atomoxetine and methylphenidate, which are widely used against the disease, appear with different and important side effects. Since the causes of the disease are not clearly understood, many studies are carried out on various animal models in order to both understand the etiology and develop new treatment models. In this review, a holistic approach to ADHD will be presented and advances in animal models, neuroimaging, neurodevelopmental, and neurochemical conditions will be presented using different perspectives. It is very important to understand how different animal models are effective in the development of pharmacological agents. In addition, comparing ADHD with different types of disease can detect similarities and further strengthen the etiological basis. Our major proposal is to draw attention to the further development of animal models related to the importance of the thalamus, which officially sees a filter of perception. Different animal models are needed to do all this because the disease is not fully modeled, except for the symptoms of ADHD. The current review will conclude that none of the currently discussed models meet all the necessary validation criteria, but that newly created genetic models, therapeutic strategies, and the disease mechanism may be radically important points.
Persistent Vomiting as a Manifestation of Coronavirus Disease-2019
Authors: Denue Ballah Akawu , Sepu Ngamariju
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. It often manifest with respiratory symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty in breathing. In addition to pulmonary involvement, COVID-19 is also associated with several extrapulmonary manifestations. The extrapulmonary pathology of COVID-19 could be due to either extrapulmonary dissemination of the virus and its replication, as has been observed for other zoonotic coronaviruses or widespread immunopathological complications of the disease. We report a case of an 18-year-old female who presented with persistent vomiting as the only presentation of COVID-19. Clinical evaluation including a battery of investigation such as hematological, biochemical, imaging, and endoscopy did not reveal any abnormality. However, her nasopharyngeal and nasal swab samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We placed her on the approved COVID-19 regimen comprising lopinavir/ritonavir, zinc sulfate, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin with augmentin, vitamin C, metoclopramide and intravenous fluid for one week. The vomiting subsided within 48-h of commencing the medications, and she became asymptomatic after 72-h. Repeat PCR after 12 days returned negative for SARS-CoV-2. This case report highlights the unusual clinical feature of COVID-19. It, therefore, underscores the need to thoroughly investigate symptomatic patients and also to optimize standard precaution as potentially infectious diseases such as COVID-19 may “masquerade” as a vague constitutional symptom(s).
COVID-19 in Africa: Survey Analysis of Impact on Health-Care Workers
Authors: Quadri Nasreen S. , Sultan Amir , Ali Sophia Ibrahim , Yousif Mirghani , Moussa Abdelmajeed , Fawzy Abdo Ehab , Hassany Sahar , Kayandabila Johnstone , Benjamin Allison , Jacobson Mark , Ssebambulidde Kenneth , Ochola Lucy , Ijeoma Ifeorah , Debes Jose D.
Published: April 2021

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads across Africa, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on health-care workers (HCWs) in the region. We designed an anonymous survey distributed via e-mail and phone messaging to 13 countries through the African Hepatitis B Network. We obtained 489 analyzable responses. We used risk ratio analysis to quantify the relationship between binary variables and χ2 testing to quantify the statistical significance of these relationships. Median age of respondents was 30 years (interquartile range, 26–36 years) and 63% were physicians. The top three sources of information used by HCWs for COVID-19 management included the Ministry of Health of each country, the WHO, and social media. Forty-nine percent reported a decrease in income since the start of the pandemic, with the majority experiencing between a 1% and a 25% salary reduction. Sixty-six percent reported some access to personal protective equipment; only 14% reported appropriate access. Moreover, one third of respondents reported no availability of ventilators at their facility. Strikingly, the percentage of HCWs reporting never feeling depressed changed from 61% before the pandemic to 31% during the pandemic, with a corresponding increase in daily depressive symptoms from 2% to 20%. Most respondents (> 97%) correctly answered survey questions about COVID-19 symptoms, virus transmission, and prevention. Our survey revealed African HCWs face a variety of personal and professional context-dependent challenges. Ongoing support of HCWs through and after the COVID-19 pandemic is essential.
Assessing the Mental Impact and Burnout among Physicians during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Developing Country Single-Center Experience
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Sohaib , Yasmin Farah , Alvi Haris , Shah Syed Muhammad Ismail , Malhotra Kashish , Farhan Syed Ali , Ali Naqvi Syed Anosh , Yaseen Rabail , Anwar Saira , Rasheed Uzma
Published: April 2021

Health-care workers are on the front line to combat the peculiar coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and are susceptible to acquiring this infection. This study is aimed at documenting the effect of “coronaphobia” on mental well-being and to report burnout among physicians. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey between November 17, 2020 and January 1, 2021 via a Google form distributed among the physicians of a tertiary care hospital, in Karachi, Pakistan. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) was used to assess the mental well-being of physicians. Burnout was documented by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel. Eighty-seven physicians participated in the survey (mean age, 30.9 ± 7.3 years). The mean WEMWBS score of the study participants was 51.6 ± 10.8. Regarding the WEMWBS, emotional exhaustion was observed in 54% (N = 47) of participants, depersonalization in 77% (N = 67), and low personal accomplishment was reported in 31% (N = 27) of participants. The results of the survey further highlight that depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and low personal accomplishment were associated significantly with a history of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 postings. Hence, immediate measures are required to reduce the burnout among physicians while battling the second wave of the pandemic.
Better Decision-Making: Shared Mental Models and the Clinical Competency Committee
Authors: Edgar Laura , Jones M. Douglas , Harsy Braden , Passiment Morgan , Hauer Karen E.
Published: April 2021

Background

Shared mental models (SMMs) help groups make better decisions. Clinical competency committees (CCCs) can benefit from the development and use of SMMs in their decision-making as a way to optimize the quality and consistency of their decisions.

Objective

We reviewed the use of SMMs for decision making in graduate medical education, particularly their use in CCCs.

Methods

In May 2020, the authors conducted a narrative review of the literature related to SMMs. This review included the SMM related to teams, team functioning, CCCs, and graduate medical education.

Results

The literature identified the general use of SMMs, SMMs in graduate medical education, and strategies for building SMMs into the work of the CCC. Through the use of clear communication and guidelines, and a shared understanding of goals and expectations, CCCs can make better decisions. SMMs can be applied to Milestones, resident performance, assessment, and feedback.

Conclusions

To ensure fair and robust decision-making, the CCC must develop and maintain SMMs through excellent communication and understanding of expectations among members.
An Improved BP Neural Network Algorithm for Prediction of Roadway Support
Authors: He Yan-Jun , Zhang Jin-shan , Pan Chao-Gang
Published: April 2021

Based on the engineering practice and the research and analysis of the knowledge in the field of roadway support, the paper puts forward to use an improved BP neural network to study the supporting types by the investigation, and obtained the related factors of the supporting types of the mining roadway and the successful reinforcement cases of the roadway. The proposed algorithm is applied to the prediction of coal roadway support parameters, and the main influencing factors of coal roadway support design are determined. From the typical engineering cases of roadway support collected on site as neural network training samples, the forecasting model of support parameters is established. Through the experimental data and simulation results, it can be seen that both the error convergence process and results of convergence speed, convergence accuracy and support types are ideal, the prediction error is within the allowable range, and the prediction accuracy is high, which verifies the reliability of this method and provides a new research idea and good application value for the study of support types of mining roadway.
Study of Handover Techniques for 4G Network MIMO Systems
Authors: Wang Jian-Sing , Sheu Jeng-Shin
Published: April 2021

For the upcoming 4G systems, network multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) are two of key techniques adopted in 4G systems to mitigate the serious inter-cell interference (ICI) and improve coverage and cell-edge throughput. Network MIMO is referred to as coordinated multi-point (CoMP) in LTE-A. In this paper, we propose a simulation platform to analyze the handover issue for downlink CoMP transmissions in LTE-A cellular systems. Among the variety of ICIC strategies, we apply the widely adopted soft frequency reuse (SFR) and the fractional frequency reuse (FFR) schemes. Both schemes are based on the idea of applying a frequency reuse factor of one in cell-center areas, and a higher reuse factor in cell-edge areas. Therefore, the ICI is reduced at the expense of the available frequency resources for each cell.
Information Theory-based Approaches to Detect DDoS Attacks on Software-defined Networking Controller a Review
Authors: Aladaileh Mohammad A. , Anbar Mohammed , Hasbullah Iznan H. , Sanjalawe Yousef K.
Published: April 2021

The number of network users and devices has exponentially increased in the last few decades, giving rise to sophisticated security threats while processing users’ and devices’ network data. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) introduces many new features, but none is more revolutionary than separating the control plane from the data plane. The separation helps DDoS attack detection mechanisms by introducing novel features and functionalities. Since the controller is the most critical part of the SDN network, its ability to control and monitor network traffic flow behavior ensures the network functions properly and smoothly. However, the controller’s importance to the SDN network makes it an attractive target for attackers. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one of the major threats to network security. This paper presents a comprehensive review of information theory-based approaches to detect low-rate and high-rate DDoS attacks on SDN controllers. Additionally, this paper provides a qualitative comparison between this work and the existing reviews on DDoS attack detection approaches using various metrics to highlight this work’s uniqueness. Moreover, this paper provides in-depth discussion and insight into the existing DDoS attack detection approaches to point out their weaknesses that open the avenue for future research directions. Meanwhile, the finding of this paper can be used by other researchers to propose a new or enhanced approach to protect SDN controllers from the threats of DDoS attacks by accurately detecting both low-rate and high-rate DDoS attacks.
Korkuteli Çayı’nda Taşınan Eriyik Sediman Konsantrasyonları ve Verimlerinin Tahmin Edilmesi
Authors: ÇAKMAK Seçkin , DEMİR Tuncer , AYTAÇ Ahmet Serdar
Published: April 2021

Akarsular tarafından taşınan sediman miktarları, jeokimyasal döngünün, havzadaki toprak kayıplarının, erozyon oranlarının ve denüdasyon süreçlerinin bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilir ve her yıl dünya genelinde akarsuların yaklaşık 20 milyar ton sedimanı okyanus ve denizlere taşıdığı tahmin edilmektedir. Flüvyal süreçlerle taşınan sediman oran ve miktarları üzerine yapılan birçok çalışma süspanse halinde taşınan katı sedimana odaklanmış, taşınan eriyik madde oran ve miktarları genellikle ihmal edilmiştir. Her ne kadar süspanse sedimanlar akarsulardaki sediman yükünün önemli bir bölümünü oluştursa da özellikle çözünebilen kayaçların yaygın olduğu sahalarda akarsularda eriyik halde taşınan sediman toplam sediman yükünün önemli bir bölümünü oluşturabilir. Bu çalışmada, toplamda 12 aylık bir ölçüm döneminde Korkuteli Çayı’nda taşınan eriyik sediman miktarları ve konsantrasyon değerleri belirlenerek eriyik sediman ile akım ve yağış arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmuştur. Akarsuyun akım (debi) ve eriyik sediman süreçlerini belirlemek için 10’ar dakikalık sürelerle Mesens (MPS580 Serisi) Marka Daldırma Tipi Seviye Transmitteri kullanılarak otomatik olarak su seviyeleri ölçüldü. Suyun hızı, belirli aralıklarla Universal Muline cihazı ile belirlenmiş ve eriyik sediman örnekleri ise US-DH48 derinlik entegrasyon örnekleyicisi kullanılarak alınmıştır. Alınan su ve sediman numunelerinin laboratuvar ortamında filtrasyon yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular; eriyik sediman konsantrasyon değerleri ile akım miktarları arasında polinomsal pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (R2: 0.96). Kış döneminde bölge genelinde daha çok düşük yoğunluklu, uzun süreli yağışların etkisiyle akım değerlerinde ani artma ve azalma yerine daha çok taban akışı veya buna yakın bir akış seyri göstermiştir. Düşük yoğunluklu, uzun süreli yağışların meydana geldiği kış döneminde akım miktarlarının daha düşük olması nedeniyle taşınan eriyik sediman miktarları daha az, ancak su içerisindeki eriyik konsantrasyonunun yaz aylarına oranla daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaz döneminde özellikle Haziran ayında oluşan yüksek yoğunluklu, kısa süreli sağanak yağışlar akım miktarlarının yıl içerisinde tespit edilen en yüksek değerlere erişmesi sonucunu doğurmuş ve böylece, düşük eriyik madde konsantrasyonuna rağmen, miktar olarak daha fazla eriyik sediman taşınımı gerçekleşmiştir.
IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF COMPLEX ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY BASED ON THE INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SYSTEM OF INDICATORS
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Dadykina O.V.
Published: April 2021

In modern conditions, an enterprise is a complex socio-economic system that should have the ability to resist and quickly adapt to changes occurring in the external and internal environment. Sustainable and dynamic development of the enterprise in the conditions of digitalization is inextricably linked with ensuring its economic security. At the same time, in the context of digital business transformation, there is an objective need to develop and implement information and analytical systems that allow automating data processing, conducting their accounting and analysis, as well as performing forecasting tasks using mathematical assessment tools. Information and analytical systems will automate the management functions of the enterprise and ensure high-quality decision-making at all levels of management. In other words, in the digital economy, the activities of enterprises largely depend on their information support. The author suggests to improve the methodology of complex analysis and assessment of the level of economic security of the enterprise on the basis of an information and analytical system of indicators. The use of the proposed software tools is designed to automate the calculation of the mathematical expectation of a discrete random variable, as which the probability of the influence of the i-th factor on the level of economic security of the enterprise is selected within the framework of the model of its integral assessment according to the blocks of integral indicators "Resource availability" and "Perfomance indicators". Automation of these calculations will allow the enterprise to reach a qualitatively new level of management decision- making, accompanying the text conclusion with appropriate calculations and additional information and graphic information required in the process of making management decisions.
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR MARKET PROCESSES IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Chistik O.F.
Published: April 2021

An important indicator of the development of the Russian economy, which characterizes the effectiveness of employment policy, is the indicator of the employment level, which is a part of the system of indicators of tension on the labor market. The article is devoted to the analysis of the processes of population employment and the labor market, which directly affect the socio-economic development of the country and its regions. The use of statistical tools allows to identify quantitative patterns of labor market indicators and makes it possible to regulate it. The purpose of the work is to study the processes of employment and the labor market in the Russian Federation. The direction of the research consists in the formation of an informational methodological and analytical approach, which includes the identification of the stages of the development of employment processes and the assessment of the dynamics of negative processes in Russia. The deepening of the analysis of negative processes on the labor market in Russia is associated with the study at the regional level. The use of content analysis and the method of expert evaluation based on integral indicators allowed to identify 5 qualitatively homogeneous groups of regions in terms of the level of tension on the labor market. The obtained results of the analysis of the number of employed people dynamics, the need for workers and the development of the labor market in the regions of Russia can be used by government bodies in the development of state programs to improve the ways to support employment in the Russian Federation.
PENERAPAN METODE DRAG AND DROP PADA GAME EDUKASI
Authors: Wijaya Rian Farta , Tasril Virdyra , Utomo Rahmad Budi
Published: April 2021

Dalam melakukan pembelajaran seorang Pendidik harus mampu dalam menguasai materi dan kelas. Penggunaan media menjadi salah satu alat dalam pembelajaran. Sampai pada saat ini, media pembelajaran sudah menjadi bagian penting dalam menghasilkan pembelajaran yang efektif, efisien dan praktis. Didalam media pembelajaran yang baik, diharuskan terdapat learning, testing, dan evaluation. Game atau permainan, dapat diubah menjadi media pembelajaran, dan umumnya disebut dengan game edukasi. Penggunaan game edukasi akan digabungkan dengan metode drag and drop. Metode ini digunakan untuk menghasilkan interaksi antara pengguna dan media atau game. Sehingga dengan adanya penerapan metode drag and drop pada game edukasi, akan menghasilkan media yang baik untuk sebuah pembelajaran. Kata Kunci— Aplikasi, Drag and Drop, Edukasi, Game, Macromedia Flash.
ГДЕ ЈЕ БОЉЕ? – ФАКТОР СРЕЋЕ ИЛИТИ НАРАТИВИ О МИГРАЦИЈИ –
Authors: Szerbhorváth György
Published: April 2021

IIn our study, which is based on qualitative interviews and conversations, we examined, how Hungarians who emigrated to the West, live and interpret their lives along with those who returned home to Hungary or are considering returning. Happiness and contentment in their lives are determined by countless, complex interactive attitudes, and a whole range of motivations that determine both emigration and the possibility of returning home. Our interviewees were mostly around 40 years old and presented their life experiences in different narratives. We found satisfaction among those who live abroad. When it comes to those who returned home, the key reasons are the lack of integration abroad, feeling of alienation, hard work, as is it to the detriment of free time, social and marital relations, which is not necessarily compensated by the material well-being. In the age of transnationalism, new patterns of mobility and migration are emerging, and the question of “where is better” has become an important element of human self-interpretation and self-esteem.
ПРОЛАЗНОСТ И МЕТОДОЛОШКО ФИКСИРАЊЕ ДРУШТВЕНЕ СТВАРНОСТИ: СНИМАК КАО ПОДАТАК ИНТЕРПРЕТАТИВНЕ СОЦИОЛОГИЈЕ
Authors: Јовановић Милош , Петровић Јасмина , Павловић Нина
Published: April 2021

Фернан Леже (Fernand Léger), француски сликар и режисер, сањао је о колосалном филму који ће тачно двадесет и четири сата снимати живот једног мушкарца и једне жене; њихов рад, њихово ћутање, њихову интим- ност. Ништа се не би изоставило, а двоје протагониста не би знали да је камера присутна. Леже је био свестан да би слике које је замислио морале садржати шокантне призоре, јер приказују обично скривени вртлог сиро- вог постојања. „Мислим“, приметио је, „да би то било толико ужасно, да би људи престрашено бежали и звали упомоћ, као да их је задесила ката- строфа светских размера“
Desapariciones forzadas y hallazgo de fosas clandestinas en México: el caso del Colectivo Madres Buscadoras de Sonora [Forced disappearances and the discovery of clandestine graves in Mexico: the case of the Madres Buscadoras de Sonora Collective]
Authors: Castro Sam Ana Sabina
Published: April 2021

Las desapariciones forzadas son una manifestación de la violencia exacerbada que impera en México, así como de la impronta necropolítica agudizada bajo el capitalismo en su fase neoliberal. El rastreo de fosas clandestinas se ha convertido en una labor cotidiana de las madres que buscan a sus hijos. Frente a la inaten-ción y negligencia del Estado, la prevalencia de la impunidad y la ineficacia de los mecanismos de impartición de justicia, las mujeres se han enfrentado a la necesidad de crear y autogestionar redes de búsqueda con la in-tención de encontrar a sus familiares. El presente artículo pretende examinar el caso del Colectivo de Madres Buscadoras de Sonora, con el objetivo de dar cuenta de los procesos de resistencia emprendidos por este grupo de mujeres a través de esquemas autoorganizativos y colectivos que reivindican nuevas prefiguracio-nes de “lo político” y se escinden de la política en su forma hegemónica e institucional. Para ello, se presenta una investigación cualitativa fundamentada en el análisis de información recabada de artículos periodísticos y redes sociales. En un segundo momento, se genera una reflexión teórica sobre el panorama social y político en el que se posiciona el colectivo, con el propósito de analizar la problemática de la violencia estructural y su dimensión expresiva.
"People come and go but we don’t see anything”: How Might Social Research Contribute to Social Change?
Authors: Andrews Nathan , Bawa Sylvia
Published: April 2021

In different fields of study, scholars interested in making a positive difference in the lives of their research communities insist on engaging policy makers and activists in their work. Paulo Freire, one of the most widely known public intellectuals, asserts that praxis enables critical thought, awareness and collaborative action for emancipation for oppressed groups. Within this framework, our contribution aims to provoke thinking on the need for accountability to research subjects in development research through an emphasis on producing policy-focused and change-driven, as opposed to purely theoretically oriented, knowledge. The overarching argument is that research should, in fact, be conscious and proactive about its contribution to positive social change. Drawing on primary data gathered through field research in Ghana between 2010 and 2016, the paper highlights respondent fatigue/distrust, cross-cultural translation, and the peculiarities of the diasporic researcher as some of the methodological challenges faced in the attempt to align one’s research towards the pursuit of positive social change. Some modest suggestions are provided regarding how to enhance the impact of research for social transformation.
“Through the Looking Glass”: The Emotional Journey of the Volunteer Ethnographer when Researching Sensitive Topics with Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Augusto Fábio , Hilário Ana
Published: April 2021

This paper extends further research on being both a volunteer and ethnographic researcher and intends to offer some insights on the emotional challenges of adopting this dual role when conducting research on sensitive topics and with vulnerable populations. The discussion presented here draws upon an ethnographic participant observation study of a food redistribution organization (Re-food) held in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. The paper builds awareness on the emotional challenges in the field and discusses potential self-reflective strategies for researchers to cope with the extraordinary demands posed on them by specific circumstances and subjects. The volunteer ethnographer, when developing their work, is subject to a wide range of emotional challenges that are related to the functions that they had to develop in the research context itself due to their dual role, as well as to the vulnerability of participants and the sensitivity of the topic addressed.
Lived Experiences of the Indian Stigmatized Group in Reference to Socio-Political Empowerment: A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Bhanot Divya , Verma Sunil
Published: April 2021

The authors present the lived experiences of the stigmatized castes in the context of the opportunities made available by the government of India for their Socio-Political Empowerment. The study aimed to gain an understanding about the respondents’ unique experiences of caste-based stigmatization at their workplace, their overall experience of empowerment at work and the other spheres of their lives, and to capture their perceived importance of, and the success of reservation policy as well as several other initiatives taken by the Government of India for empowering the marginalized castes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 male Schedule Caste/Schedule Tribe respondents working at respectable positions in the government organizations situated in the National Capital Region of Delhi. The phenomenological approach (Langdridge, 2007) was used to unearth the essence of the participant’s experiences of stigma driven treatments. The overall perceptions and experiences of the respondents included experiencing direct and indirect forms of caste-related discrimination at workplace; experiencing economic, social and psychological empowerment but not at the workplace; favouring the policy of reservation for Schedule Caste/Schedule Tribe in government jobs; and believing in the improper implementation of policies in India. The research findings indicate the incomplete success of the governmental policies for the holistic empowerment of the Indian marginalized castes.
Understanding the Experience of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Teaching and Training Student Independence at School
Authors: Fadlillah M. , Wahab Rochmat , Ayriza Yulia
Published: April 2021

Training and instilling independence in early childhood is not easy. It requires cooperation with various parties. One of them is the teacher at a school. Aside from being a second parent, a teacher is a role model for children. Teachers' experience in teaching and training children's independence is needed by parents as reference material. Unfortunately, related research is still very limited. By using a explorative qualitative method, this research aimed to explore the experiences of early childhood education teachers in teaching and training children's independence at school. Data collection was carried out by in-depth and open interviews involving 15 early childhood education teachers. From this research, we found four main points of teacher experience in the form of: (1) identification: characteristics of early childhood independence; (2) methods: the way the teacher teaches and trains early childhood independence; and (3) barriers: barriers experienced by teachers in teaching and training early childhood independence. Identification of independence include: children dare to be left by their parents at school, are able to do the task independently, and able to do daily habituation. The methods of teaching and practicing independence were done by the teacher through habituation, example, and storytelling. As for the obstacles experienced by the teacher were parents still spoil children, children are very quiet, lack of media, and the absence of cooperation between schools and parents.