bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Research on the Mechanical Properties of Heated Granite after Rapid Cooling
Authors: Han Huifen , Peng Junliang , Guo Yintong , He Qiuyun , Zhou Jun , Gou Xinghao
Published: September 2021

Understanding the mechanical properties of the reservoir rock under different temperatures after rapid thermal cooling is necessary for safe and effective deep geoengineering applications, including deep mining projects, deep geological disposal of nuclear waste, and geothermal energy extraction. This paper is devoted to investigating the effect of rapid cooling on the mechanical behavior of the granite rock. At first, high-temperature heating was conducted. The 24 samples were divided into six groups and were heated at 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600°C, and once they had reached the chosen temperature, they were immediately cooled with a cold water container, and the temperature of water in the pan was 25°C. After the thermal treatment, the samples were measured using ultrasonic wave velocities, and then they were deformed under uniaxial and triaxial compression tests. The

P

-wave velocity, damage characteristics, stress-strain curves, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus of the samples were presented considering different thermal temperatures. The results confirmed that the

P

-wave velocities of the samples generally decrease with temperature. P-wave velocity can indirectly reflect the damage of the rock structure. These changes represent a negative exponential relationship between

P

-wave velocity and hold temperature following cooling. As the samples experienced greater temperatures, the peak strength and elastic characteristics also significantly reduced. This is mainly due to thermally induced damage in the form of both intergranular and intragranular cracks. The stress-strain response revealed that the failure mode can change from brittle to quasi-brittle fracturing following treatment at increasingly greater temperatures.
Upper-Limb Muscle Synergy Features in Human-Robot Interaction with Circle-Drawing Movements
Authors: Wang Cheng , Zhang Shutao , Hu Jingyan , Huang Zhejing , Shi Changcheng
Published: September 2021

The upper-limb rehabilitation robots can be developed as an efficient tool for motor function assessments. Circle-drawing has been used as a specific task for robot-based motor function measurement. The upper-limb movement-related kinematic and kinetic parameters measured by motion and force sensors embedded in the rehabilitation robots have been widely studied. However, the muscle synergies characterized by multiple surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals in upper limbs during human-robot interaction (HRI) with circle-drawing movements are rarely investigated. In this research, the robot-assisted and constrained circle-drawing movements for upper limb were used to increase the consistency of muscle synergy features. Both clockwise and counterclockwise circle-drawing tasks were implemented by all healthy subjects using right hands. The sEMG signals were recorded from six muscles in upper limb, and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) analysis was utilized to obtain muscle synergy information. Both synergy pattern and activation coefficient were calculated to represent the spatial and temporal features of muscle synergies, respectively. The results obtained from the experimental study confirmed that high structural similarity of muscle synergies was found among the subjects during HRI with circle-drawing movement by healthy subjects, which indicates healthy people may share a common underlying muscle control mechanism during constrained upper-limb circle-drawing movement. This study indicates the muscle synergy analysis during the HRI with constrained circle-drawing movement could be considered as a task for upper-limb motor function assessment.
Ship Track Prediction Based on DLGWO-SVR
Authors: Chen Yingyu , Yang Shenhua , Suo Yongfeng , Zheng Minjie
Published: September 2021

To improve the accuracy of ship track prediction, the improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models are incorporated for ship track prediction. The hunting strategy of dimensional learning was used to optimize the move search process of GWO and balance exploration and exploitation while maintaining population diversity. Selection and updating procedures keep GWO from being stuck in locally optimal solutions. The optimal parameters obtained by modified GWO were substituted into the SVR model to predict ship trajectory. Dimension Learning Grey Wolf Optimizer and Support Vector Regression (DLGWO-SVR), Grey Wolf Optimized Support Vector Regression (GWO-SVR), and Differential Evolution Grey Wolf Optimized Support Vector Regression (DEGWO-SVR) model trajectory prediction simulations were carried out. A comparison of the results shows that the trajectory prediction model based on DLGWO-SVR has higher prediction accuracy and meets the requirements of ship track prediction. The results of ship track prediction can not only improve the efficiency of marine traffic management but also prevent the occurrence of traffic accidents and maintain marine safety.
Financial Fraud Detection in Healthcare Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Mehbodniya Abolfazl , Alam Izhar , Pande Sagar , Neware Rahul , Rane Kantilal Pitambar , Shabaz Mohammad , Madhavan Mangena Venu
Published: September 2021

Healthcare sector is one of the prominent sectors in which a lot of data can be collected not only in terms of health but also in terms of finances. Major frauds happen in the healthcare sector due to the utilization of credit cards as the continuous enhancement of electronic payments, and credit card fraud monitoring has been a challenge in terms of financial condition to the different service providers. Hence, continuous enhancement is necessary for the system for detecting frauds. Various fraud scenarios happen continuously, which has a massive impact on financial losses. Many technologies such as phishing or virus-like Trojans are mostly used to collect sensitive information about credit cards and their owner details. Therefore, efficient technology should be there for identifying the different types of fraudulent conduct in credit cards. In this paper, various machine learning and deep learning approaches are used for detecting frauds in credit cards and different algorithms such as Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, and the Sequential Convolutional Neural Network are skewed for training the other standard and abnormal features of transactions for detecting the frauds in credit cards. For evaluating the accuracy of the model, publicly available data are used. The different algorithm results visualized the accuracy as 96.1%, 94.8%, 95.89%, 97.58%, and 92.3%, corresponding to various methodologies such as Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, and the Sequential Convolutional Neural Network, respectively. The comparative analysis visualized that the KNN algorithm generates better results than other approaches.
Vibration Analysis for Machine Monitoring and Diagnosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohd Ghazali Mohamad Hazwan , Rahiman Wan
Published: September 2021

Untimely machinery breakdown will incur significant losses, especially to the manufacturing company as it affects the production rates. During operation, machines generate vibrations and there are unwanted vibrations that will disrupt the machine system, which results in faults such as imbalance, wear, and misalignment. Thus, vibration analysis has become an effective method to monitor the health and performance of the machine. The vibration signatures of the machines contain important information regarding the machine condition such as the source of failure and its severity. Operators are also provided with an early warning for scheduled maintenance. Numerous approaches for analyzing the vibration data of machinery have been proposed over the years, and each approach has its characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. This manuscript presents a systematic review of up‐to‐date vibration analysis for machine monitoring and diagnosis. It involves data acquisition (instrument applied such as analyzer and sensors), feature extraction, and fault recognition techniques using artificial intelligence (AI). Several research questions (RQs) are aimed to be answered in this manuscript. A combination of time domain statistical features and deep learning approaches is expected to be widely applied in the future, where fault features can be automatically extracted from the raw vibration signals. The presence of various sensors and communication devices in the emerging smart machines will present a new and huge challenge in vibration monitoring and diagnosing.
Clinical Utility of Serum Holotranscobalamin Measurements in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kweon Oh Joo , Lim Yong Kwan , Lee Mi-Kyung , Kim Hye Ryoun
Published: September 2021

Background. Whether holotranscobalamin (holoTC) indicates B12 deficiency more sensitively than total vitamin B12 (B12) is unclear. This study is aimed at determining the impact of serum holoTC level as a risk factor for ischemic stroke and investigating its association with disease severity and short-term outcomes. Methods. Serum holoTC, total B12, and homocysteine levels were compared between 130 stroke patients and 138 healthy controls. Biomarker level correlations with disease severity and stroke functional outcomes were investigated. Results. holoTC levels were lower and homocysteine levels were higher in stroke patients than in healthy controls (

P
<
0.05

). The holoTC/total B12 ratio and homocysteine level significantly predicted ischemic stroke in the multivariable regression analysis (

P
<
0.05

). Along with hyperhomocysteinemia, patients more often had holoTC than total B12 deficiency (6.2% vs. 3.1%). holoTC levels negatively correlated with homocysteine levels (partial

R

-0.165,

P
<
0.05

) in stroke patients in multiple linear regression analyses, but not total B12 levels. The holoTC level and holoTC/total B12 ratio, but not homocysteine and total B12 levels, negatively correlated with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (partial

R

, -0.405 and -0.207, respectively,

P
<
0.01

). Conclusions. Measurements of serum holoTC levels combined with total B12 and homocysteine levels may provide valuable information for predicting ischemic stroke and its severity and short-term outcomes of ischemic stroke patients.
Crack Identification Method of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Based on Deep Learning: A Comparative Study and Shared Crack Database
Authors: Ding Yang , Zhou Shuang-Xi , Yuan Hai-Qiang , Pan Yuan , Dong Jing-Liang , Wang Zhong-Ping , Yang Tong-Lin , She An-Ming
Published: September 2021

As a common disease of concrete structure in engineering, cracks mainly lead to durability problems such as steel corrosion, rain erosion, and protection layer peeling, and then the building gets destroyed. In order to detect the cracks of concrete structure in time, the bending test of steel fiber reinforced concrete is carried out, and the pictures of concrete cracks are obtained. Furthermore, the crack database is expanded by the migration learning method and the crack database is shared on the Baidu online disk. Finally, a concrete crack identification model based on YOLOv4 and Mask R‐CNN is established. In addition, the improved Mask R‐CNN method is proposed in order to improve the prediction accuracy based on the Mask R‐CNN. The results show that the average prediction accuracy of concrete crack identification is 82.60% based on the YOLO v4 method. The average prediction accuracy of concrete crack identification is 90.44% based on the Mask R‐CNN method. The average prediction accuracy of concrete crack identification is 96.09% based on the improved Mask R‐CNN method.
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Two Novel Mutations in a Patient with UC Associated with PSC and SSA
Authors: Wu Dong , Chen Dan , Shi Wen , Liu Wei , Zhou Weixun , Qian Jiaming
Published: September 2021

Background. Patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) associated with primary sclerosis cholangitis (PSC) and sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) are rare. The present study aimed to identify the potential causative gene mutation in a patient with UC associated with PSC and SSA. Methods. DNA was extracted from the blood sample and tissue sample of SSA, followed by the whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to predict the deleteriousness of the identified variants. Multiple sequence alignment and conserved protein domain analyses were performed using online software. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the identified variants. Expression and diagnostic analysis of identified mutated genes was performed in the GSE119600 dataset (peripheral blood samples of PSC and UC) and GSE43841 dataset (tumor samples of SSA). Results. In the present study, a total of 842 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 728 genes were identified in the blood sample. Two variants, integrin beta 4 (ITGB4) (c.C2503G; p.P835A) and a mucin 3A (MUC3A) (c.C1019T; p.P340L), were further analyzed. MUC3A was associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Sanger sequence in blood revealed that the ITGB4 mutation was fully cosegregated with the result of WES in the patient. Additionally, a variant, tumor protein p53 gene (TP53) (c.86delA; p.N29Tfs

∗

15) was identified in the tissue sample of SSA. Compared to that in normal controls, ITGB4 was upregulated in both UC and PSC, MUC3A was, respectively, upregulated and downregulated in PSC and UC, and TP53 was downregulated in SSA. ITGB4 and TP53 had a potential diagnostic value for UC, PSC and SSA. Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that the ITGB4 (c.C2503G; p.P835A) and MUC3A (c.C1019T; p.P340L) mutations may be the potential causative variants in a patient with UC associated with PSC and SSA. TP53 (c.86delA; p.N29Tfs

∗

15) mutation may be associated with SSA in this patient.
Localized Angiosarcoma, Not One Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Study on Prognosis Depending on the Primary Site and Etiology
Authors: Schott Inna , Liffers Sven-Thorsten , Farzaliyev Farhad , Falkenhorst Johanna , Steinau Hans-Ulrich , Treckmann Jürgen-Walter , Podleska Lars Erik , Pöttgen Christoph , Schildhaus Hans-Ulrich , Ahrens Marit , Dirksen Uta , Murat Fatma-Zehra , Siveke Jens T. , Bauer Sebastian , Hamacher Rainer
Published: September 2021

Background. Angiosarcomas are rare and heterogeneous tumors with poor prognosis. The clinical subtypes are classified depending on the primary site and etiology. Methods. We conducted a retrospective, monocentric study of 136 patients with localized AS between May 1985 and November 2018. Overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. To identify prognostic factors, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed based on Cox regressions. Results. The median age was 67 years (19–72.8 years). Primary sites were cutaneous (27.2%), breast (38.2%), and deep soft tissue (34.6%). The majority was primary angiosarcomas (55.9%) followed by postradiation (40.4%) and chronic lymphedema angiosarcomas (2.9%). Prognosis significantly differed depending on the primary site and etiology. Shortest median OS and MFS were observed in deep soft tissue angiosarcomas, whereas cutaneous angiosarcomas, angiosarcomas of the breast, and radiation-associated angiosarcomas displayed worse median LRFS. Univariate analyses showed better OS for tumor size <10 cm (

p

 = 0.009), negative surgical margins (

p

 = 0.021), and negative lymph node status (

p

 = 0.007). LRFS and MFS were longer for tumor size <10 cm (

p

 = 0.012 and

p

 = 0.013). In multivariate analyses, age <70 years was the only independent positive prognostic factor for OS in all subgroups. For LRFS, secondary AS of the breast was a negative prognostic factor (HR: 2.35;

p

 = 0.035). Conclusions. Different behaviors and prognoses depending on the primary site and etiology should be considered for the treatment of this heterogeneous disease. In cutaneous angiosarcomas of the head/neck and postradiation angiosarcomas of the breast, local recurrence seems to have a crucial impact on OS. Therefore, improved local therapies and local tumor staging may have to be implemented. However, in deep soft tissue angiosarcomas, distant recurrence seems to have a major influence on prognosis, which indicates a benefit of additional perioperative chemotherapy.
Analyzing the Effectiveness of Touch Keystroke Dynamic Authentication for the Arabic Language
Authors: Alsuhibany Suliman A. , Almuqbil Afnan S.
Published: September 2021

The keystroke dynamic authentication (KDA) technique was proposed in the literature to develop a more effective authentication technique than traditional methods. KDA analyzes the rhythmic typing of the owner on a keypad or keyboard as a source of verification. In this study, we extend the findings of the system by analyzing the existing literature and validating its effectiveness in Arabic. In particular, we examined the effectiveness of the KDA system in Arabic for touchscreen‐based digital devices using two KDA classes: fixed and free text. To this end, a KDA system was developed and applied to a selected device operating on the Android platform, and various classification methods were used to assess the similarity between log‐in and enrolment sessions. The developed system was experimentally evaluated. The results showed that using Arabic KDA on touchscreen devices is possible and can enhance security. It attains a higher accuracy with average equal error rates of 0.0% and 0.08% by using the free text and fixed text classes, respectively, implying that free text is more secure than fixed text.
How to Provide the Needed Protection from COVID-19 to Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Ribas Antoni , Dhodapkar Madhav V. , Campbell Katie M. , Davies Faith E. , Gore Steven D. , Levy Ronald , Greenberger Lee M.
Published: September 2021

Patients with hematologic malignancies are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 infections, and upon a pooled data analysis of 24 publications, there is evidence that they have suboptimal antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination and boosters. To provide them the needed additional protection from COVID-19, it is imperative to achieve a 100% full immunization rate in health care workers and adult caretakers, and to foster research to test higher doses and repeated rounds of COVID-19 vaccines and the use of passive immune prophylaxis and therapy.
Endogenous Endophthalmitis and Liver Abscess: A Metastatic Infection or a Coincidence?
Authors: Correia Catarina , Lopes Sandra , Mendes Sofia , Almeida Nuno , Figueiredo Pedro
Published: September 2021

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative pathogen that is a common cause of severe infections, including pyogenic liver abscess. Dissemination of K. pneumoniae to other organs, including the eye, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the particular case of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) by K. pneumoniae the prognosis is poor. We report the case of a middle-aged female with K. pneumoniae liver abscess. The patient developed metastatic endophthalmitis that was aggressively treated with systemic antibiotics. The liver abscess resolved with antimicrobials and percutaneous transhepatic drainage, but regarding the endophthalmitis she was discharged from our hospital without recovery of her eyesight. Metastatic spread to the eye should be considered in all patients with liver abscesses who experience ocular signs and symptoms in order to establish a timely diagnosis of EE.
The Effectiveness of Stroke Riskometer™ in Improving Stroke Risk Awareness in Malaysia: A Study Protocol of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mat Said Zarudin , Musa Kamarul Imran , Tengku Ismail Tengku Alina , Abdul Hamid Anees , Sahathevan Ramesh , Abdul Aziz Zariah , Feigin Valery
Published: September 2021

Background: Stroke is considered the second leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. The increasing burden of stroke is strong evidence that currently used primary prevention strategies are not sufficiently effective. The Stroke Riskometer™ application (app) represents a new stroke prevention strategy distinctly different from the conventional high-cardiovascular disease risk approach. Objective: This proposed study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Stroke Riskometer™ app in improving stroke awareness and stroke risk probability amongst the adult population in Malaysia. Methods: A non-blinded, parallel-group cluster-randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio will be implemented in Kelantan, Malaysia. Two groups with a sample size of 66 in each group will be recruited. The intervention group will be equipped with the Stroke Riskometer™ app and informational leaflets, while the control group will be provided with standard management, including information leaflets only. The Stroke Riskometer™ app was developed according to the self-management model of chronic diseases based on self-regulation and social cognitive theories. Data collection will be conducted at baseline and on the third week, sixth week, and sixth month follow-up via telephone interview or online questionnaire survey. The primary outcome measure is stroke risk awareness, including the domains of knowledge, perception, and intention to change. The secondary outcome measure is stroke risk probability within 5 and 10 years adjusted to each participant’s socio-demographic and/or socio-economic status. An intention-to-treat approach will be used to evaluate these measures. Pearson’s χ2 or independent t test will be used to examine differences between the intervention and control groups. The generalized estimating equation and the linear mixed-effects model will be employed to test the overall effectiveness of the intervention. Conclusion: This study will evaluate the effect of Stroke Riskometer™ app on stroke awareness and stroke probability and briefly evaluate participant engagement to a pre-specified trial protocol. The findings from this will inform physicians and public health professionals of the benefit of mobile technology intervention and encourage more active mobile phone-based disease prevention apps. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04529681.
Design of a portable radio-frequency-identification reader capable to reading a user memory bank for smart-building energy management
Authors: Arifin Ajib Setyo , Hanun M. B. Fathinah , Maulana Eka , Mustika I Wayan , Zulkifli Fitri Yuli
Published: September 2021

Communication is an important factor in smart-building energy management (SBEM). Many communications technologies have been applied to SBEM, including radio-frequency identification (RFID). RFID has been used not only for identification but also for carrying information, which is stored in a user memory bank attached to the tag. To access the user memory bank, an RFID reader should comply with ISO 18000-6C standards. The greatest challenge of RFID-reader technology is its short communication range, which limits the sensing area. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a portable RFID reader built to an ISO 18000-6C standard to extend the sensing area due to its moveability. The reader is designed using low-cost devices widely available on the market for ease of duplication and assembly by researchers, educators, and startups. The proposed RFID reader can read passive tags with distances up to 12 and 5.5 m for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication, respectively. The minimum received-signal-strength indicators (RSSIs) for LOS and NLOS are found to be −63.75 and −59.66 dBm, respectively. These results are comparable with those of non-portable RFID readers on the market.
Acceleration based black-box accident detection and warning system
Authors: Ibrahim Kadri , Boufeldja Kadri , Mohammed Beladgham , Oussama Dahmane
Published: September 2021

This research paper has been consecrated to design a black-box accident warning system that combines both Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies to locate and send a Minimum Amount of Data containing important information about the accident gathered using different sensors such as the accident type, geographic coordinates, time and velocity of the vehicle to the intervention services (Hospitals, civil protection and police). In addition, the system exploits the data obtained via OBD-II standard to provide a reliable accident detection method based on the vehicle acceleration. Obviously, this system seemed to be the best solution for countries where the average age of vehicles is quite higher than others. The system has been placed in a real vehicle in order to test the accident detection algorithm by applying sudden medium braking.
Trânsito e significados do pandeiro no Rio de Janeiro (1900-1939)
Authors: Vidili Eduardo
Published: September 2021

Este artigo busca examinar o trânsito do pandeiro no Rio de Janeiro, no período entre 1900 e 1939, e os significados atribuídos ao instrumento. Os objetivos específicos são: mapear os ambientes pelos quais o pandeiro transitava; entender os papéis simbólicos ocupados pelo instrumento e instrumentistas no imaginário nacional que se constituía naquele período; examinar como se deu a construção das imagens artísticas dos primeiros pandeiristas profissionais. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa em periódicos de época.
Poemas
Authors: Mota Maria Nilda
Published: September 2021

A seção Criação tem por objetivo publicar textos e materiais inéditos de escritores e/ou artistas, fotógrafos, desenhistas, além de documentos inéditos encontrados no Arquivo do IEB/USP. Neste número, são publicados seis poemas de Dinha (Maria Nilda de Carvalho Mota). Dinha é poeta, militante contra o racismo, integrante e cofundadora do selo independente Edições Me Parió Revolução e pós-doutora em Literatura e Sociedade (IEB/USP). É autora dos livros De passagem mas não a passeio (2006), Zero a zero – quinze poemas contra o genocídio da população negra (2015), Maria do Povo/María Pepe Pueblo (2019) e Diário do fim do mundo (2020), dentre outros. Em 2019, foi homenageada como patrona da Academia Estudantil de Letras EMEF Candida Dora Pretini, na cidade de São Paulo.
Entre plantas e documentos: algumas considerações sobre a contribuição do acervo do IEB ao Pequeno guia da botânica modernista
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Carolina
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta o livro Pequeno guia da botânica modernista, no qual são investigadas 19 das espécies vegetais representadas pelos modernistas de São Paulo. A publicação traz, além de reproduções de obras artísticas e literárias, imagens de documentos históricos pertencentes a diversos arquivos, entre eles o do IEB. Discutiremos as contribuições trazidas por esse acervo, notadamente o do Fundo Mário de Andrade, no qual se encontra um curioso cartão-postal enviado por Oswald a Mário e três fotografias pouco conhecidas tiradas por Mário na viagem à Amazônia em 1927.
O conservadorismo no liberal-desenvolvimentismo de Roberto Campos
Authors: Silva Ulisses
Published: September 2021

Roberto de Oliveira Campos foi personagem de destaque no Brasil durante a segunda metade do século XX. Ocupou cargos importantes em instituições públicas como BNDE e Itamaraty, foi ministro do planejamento e senador. O intuito deste artigo é apresentar a dimensão conservadora do liberal-desenvolvimentismo de Roberto Campos. Nossa hipótese é a de que sua visão de planejamento e de intervenção do Estado era coerente com o uso que o autor fazia da ortodoxia econômica. Para tanto, apresentaremos uma interpretação das opiniões do autor utilizando textos produzidos por ele (ênfase ao período de 1955 a 1964) e textos de outros autores que procuraram analisar o pensamento de Roberto Campos.
Correspondência intelectual: uma nova perspectiva sobre Furtado
Authors: Coutinho Mauricio
Published: September 2021

Um comentário sobre a correspondência intelectual de Furtado do período 1949-2004. Furtado correspondeu-se com acadêmicos, políticos e personalidades mundiais. A obra apresenta as cartas de Furtado e de seus interlocutores, e esclarece diversos aspectos da vida política e econômica do período.
A estrangeiridade em Os sertões e o dilema da alteridade na imprensa brasileira
Authors: Ávila Otávio
Published: September 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o estatuto da estrangeiridade do sertanejo na obra máxima de Euclides da Cunha. Utilizando conceitos de teóricos das migrações, discute-se a contribuição que a obra dá ao tema a partir das próprias contradições existentes nela sobre a alteridade, a pureza e a nacionalidade construídas a partir do pensamento positivista que dominava os intelectuais desse período e refletia nas formas midiáticas da imprensa. Ao fim, é feita uma reflexão dos rumos da “grande imprensa” nos dias de hoje e as novas formas de representação popular.
Feminismo em revista: a União Universitária Feminina nas páginas do periódico Jornal das Moças (década de 1950)
Authors: Costa Nailda , Dieguez Priscila
Published: September 2021

O artigo analisa notícias publicadas sobre a União Universitária Feminina, escritas por Flora Ferraz Veloso na revista Jornal das Moças na década de 1950, buscando perceber de que forma a associação de mulheres universitárias era representada nas páginas do periódico e a relação da articulista com essa entidade. A década de 1950 ficou conhecida como o auge dos anos dourados, marcada pelo desenvolvimento e incentivo aos bens de consumo e culturais, que mudariam padrões de comportamento da sociedade brasileira e nela o cenário do ensino superior.
Formação do professor de geografia: um olhar para o pensamento geográfico
Authors: Marcelino Andréa , Volpato Gildo
Published: September 2021

Atualmente vivemos em tempos de constante transformação educacional, pensando e estudando possibilidades de melhoria da educação em todas as áreas do conhecimento. Para compreender o pensamento geográfico na formação do professor de geografia em dois cursos de licenciatura na modalidade a distância, pretendemos analisar as correntes de pensamento geográfico contidas nas DCNs de geografia e nos PPCs e identificar as correntes de pensamento geográfico contidas na matriz curricular dos cursos. A abordagem foi qualitativa e a técnica utilizada foi a análise documental dos cursos. A corrente de pensamento que mais foi identificada foi a crítica, evidenciando nos documentos a interação entre o espaço vivido e a sociedade, não sendo possível, no entanto, perceber no estudo como essa interação é organizada na modalidade a distância.
Association of Quality of Life Measures and Otolaryngologic Care in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Leong Stephen , Sharma Rahul K. , Safi Chetan , DiMango Emily , Keating Claire , Gudis David A. , Overdevest Jonathan B.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

Appropriate management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is important in improving quality of life. Otolaryngologists play a critical role in reducing CRS symptom burden. This study seeks to evaluate the role of patient-reported quality-of-life measures in guiding interventions for CF-related sinus disease.

Methods:

We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study of 105 patients presenting to a CF-accredited clinic between July and September 2018. Demographic data and sinus surgery history were collected, in addition to Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD-NS) scores. Statistical analysis was conducted using correlation and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results:

Baseline well-care visits accounted for 71.4% of all clinical evaluations. Prior otolaryngology intervention was noted in 69 (66%) patients, where the majority of these patients (63/69; 91%) underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Patients with a history of otolaryngology intervention had an average SNOT-22 score of 33.2 (SD = 20.6) compared to 24.9 (SD = 18.5) for patients without prior intervention ( P = .048). The average QOD-NS score was 5.5 (SD = 6.4) among patients referred to otolaryngologists and 3.1 (SD = 5.7) for non-referred patients ( P = .012). SNOT-22 and QOD-NS scores were modestly correlated ( R of .43).

Conclusion:

CF patients with symptoms resulting in worse quality-of-life assessments were more likely to have established coordinated care with an otolaryngologist. Further validation of the utility of SNOT-22 and QOD-NS questionnaires as care coordination metrics is necessary in the CF population.
I’m All Ears: A Population-Based Analysis of Consumer Product Foreign Bodies of the Ear
Authors: Helbing Alexandra H. B. , Straughan Alexander J. , Pasick Luke J. , Benito Daniel A. , Zapanta Philip E.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to assess the nationwide incidence of ear foreign body (FB) presentations to the emergency department (ED) and analyze the most common FB consumer products encountered.

Methods:

The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was evaluated for ED visits that included “ear foreign bodies” from 2010 through 2019. The most frequent foreign bodies were identified and organized by demographics.

Results:

A total of 20,545 ear FB cases were found, with an estimated 608,860 ED visits nationwide. Female patients (56%) were more likely to have jewelry and first aid equipment FBs. Males between the ages of 5 and 15 years were significantly ( P < 0.05) more likely to have paper products, pens/pencils, and desk supplies in their ears.

Conclusion:

Ear FBs represent a substantial proportion of healthcare expenditures. Although children are the most commonly affected individuals, all ages require further education and preventive measures.
On “Nationology”: The Gravitational Field of National Culture
Authors: Akaliyski Plamen , Welzel Christian , Bond Michael Harris , Minkov Michael
Published: September 2021

Nations have been questioned as meaningful units for analyzing culture due to their allegedly limited variance-capturing power and large internal heterogeneity. Against this skepticism, we argue that culture is by definition a collective phenomenon and focusing on individual differences contradicts the very concept of culture. Through the “miracle of aggregation,” we can eliminate random noise and arbitrary variation at the individual level in order to distill the central cultural tendencies of nations. Accordingly, we depict national culture as a gravitational field that socializes individuals into the orbit of a nation’s central cultural tendency. Even though individuals are also exposed to other gravitational forces, subcultures in turn gravitate within the limited orbit of their national culture. Using data from the World Values Survey, we show that individual values cluster in concentric circles around their nation’s cultural gravity center. We reveal the miracle of aggregation by demonstrating that nations capture the bulk of the variation in the individuals’ cultural values once they are aggregated into lower-level territorial units such as towns and sub-national regions. We visualize the gravitational force of national cultures by plotting various intra-national groups from five large countries that form distinct national clusters. Contrary to many scholars’ intuitions, alternative social aggregates, such as ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups, as well as diverse socio-demographic categories, add negligible explained variance to that already captured by nations.
Perceiving Immigrants as a Threat: A Motivational Approach to False Consensus
Authors: Gill Hyungjin , Rojas Hernando
Published: September 2021

False consensus, or biased projection of one’s opinion onto others, has repeatedly been described by political communication scholars as a derivative of selective exposure to attitude-consistent information. This study proposes a distinctive approach to understanding the phenomenon by suggesting “perceived threat” as a motivational factor that contributes to self-serving estimates of public opinion. Based on a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, we test a path model in which political ideology relates to false consensus regarding the issue of immigration through cognitive assessments of communication environment and perceived immigration threat. Results suggest that the relationship between cognition and false consensus may not be direct but instead works through motivational factors when one perceives threat, and that conservatives are more sensitive to outgroup threat and thus are more likely to overestimate public consensus for their attitudes on immigration than their ideological counterparts. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Interorganizational Spillover: A Review and a Proposal for Future Research
Authors: Shi Wei , Wajda Dennis , Aguilera Ruth V.
Published: September 2021

Interorganizational spillover refers to the unintended impact of a focal organization’s event on the perceptions and decisions of peer organizations and their stakeholders. Research on interorganizational spillover has escalated in recent years when the academic community has drawn upon different theoretical perspectives and assumptions to understand (a) the types of events that can trigger interorganizational spillover, (b) the content of interorganizational spillover, and (c) the consequences of interorganizational spillover. Although scholars from different disciplines have generated a patchwork of studies that are insightful independently, we have not yet developed a comprehensive understanding into interorganizational spillover. Therefore, we systematically review and synthesize findings from leading business journals over the past three decades with a view toward identifying what we know and what we need to know about interorganizational spillover.
Cannabinoids for the treatment of refractory neuropathic pruritus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case report
Authors: Lou Kelvin , Murphy Shane , Talbot Clair
Published: September 2021

Background:

Neuropathic symptoms have a wide variety of manifestations, ranging from pain to pruritus. Neuropathic pruritus is a type of chronic pruritus related to damaged small fibers. Cannabinoids have evidence to manage neuropathic symptoms. We present a case of refractory neuropathic pruritus that was successfully managed with the use of oral cannabinoids.

Case presentation:

A 60-year-old male with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ongoing pruritus despite the use of standard neuropathic therapies.

Possible course of action:

Sodium channel and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists have evidence for neuropathic symptoms but can cause significant gastrointestinal side effects. Prescription cannabinoids such as nabiximol can be cost prohibitive to use in practice. Synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol products are dose limited by psychoactive side effects.

Formulation of a plan:

A balanced oral cannabinoid from a licensed producer was preferred as it has evidence for neuropathic symptoms and is generally well tolerated.

Outcome:

The patient showed improvement to his pruritus score from 7/10 to 3/10. There was initial increased sedation but tolerance developed quickly.

Lessons learned from case:

Cannabinoids are possibly safe and effective in management of neuropathic pruritus.

View on research problems:

Additional research is needed to establish efficacy and safety.
Spatial Analysis of the 2018 Logistics Performance Index Using Multivariate Kernel Function to Improve Geographically Weighted Regression Models
Authors: Runhua Xiao Ivan , Jaller Miguel , Phong David , Zhu Haihao
Published: September 2021

This paper analyzes the 2018 Logistics Performance Index (LPI) from the World Bank to determine the spatial effects of countries’ logistics performance. Although the standardized ordinary least square (OLS) models show good results, the spatial lags and Moran’s I of LPI suggest the OLS assumptions are violated. Consequently, an improved geographically weighted regression (IGWR) model using multivariate kernel functions (MKF) is implemented. Through the analysis of the Moran scatter plot, the authors identified the countries that have different logistics performance development trends in the four quadrants representing the relationship between the spatial lags and the LPI. Using trade activity (i.e., import/export) in the MKF, the authors compared different MKF types and bandwidths to ensure the model’s predictability and accuracy and found that the adaptive Gaussian MKF is suitable. Finally, the IGWR model indicates both positive and negative influencing factors on LPI overall score. Specifically, the improvements of LPI are more associated to economic variables in mid- and low-income countries around the world, and are more related to import of construction equipment in the Middle East. Also, business environment is more important in Latin America and the Pacific. European countries are more sensitive to customs efficiency, whereas Pacific-Asian countries are more sensitive to quality of infrastructure and have higher coefficients than African and American countries. This spatial heterogeneity is related to the specific factors that promote the development of their logistics performance.
Short-Term Metro Ridership Prediction During Unplanned Events
Authors: Zhao Yangyang , Ma Zhenliang , Jiang Xinguo , Koutsopoulos Haris N.
Published: September 2021

Unplanned events present significant challenges for operations and management in metro systems. Short-term ridership prediction can help agencies to better design contingency strategies under unplanned events. Though many short-term prediction methods have been proposed in the literature, most studies focused on typical situations or planned events. The study develops methods for the short-term metro ridership prediction under unplanned events. It explores event impact representation mechanisms and deals with the imbalanced data training problem in building the prediction model under unplanned events. Typical machine learning and deep learning methods are developed for exploration. A large-scale automatic fare collection (AFC) dataset and event record data for a heavily used metro system are used for empirical studies. The analysis found that the same type of unplanned event shares a similar and consistent demand change pattern (with respect to the demand under typical situations) at the station level. The synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) can enrich the ridership observations under unplanned events and generate a balanced dataset for model training. Given the occurrence of unplanned events, the results show that a combination of demand change ratio and the SMOTE oversampling technique enables the prediction models to learn the impact of unplanned events and improve the prediction accuracy under unplanned events. However, the oversampling methods (i.e., SMOTE and replication) slightly deteriorate the prediction accuracy for ridership under normal conditions. The findings provide insights into mechanisms for disruption impact representation and oversampling imbalanced data in model training, and guide the development of models for short-term prediction under unplanned events.
Survey Methods: How Planning Practitioners Use Them, and the Implications for Planning Education
Authors: Maguire Meadhbh
Published: September 2021

This article is concerned with two aspects of how planning practitioners use survey-derived data; how planners integrate the limitations of survey questionnaires into practice, and the prevalence of such data within planning. Using a web survey ( n = 201) and interviews ( n = 18) of Canadian municipal planners, I find that survey data are heavily relied on, but many planners do not seem to be aware of cognitive biases when designing surveys, and those that are, have little knowledge of how they ought to mitigate them. To develop planners’ understanding of these biases and improve the survey data they collect, quantitative methods courses within planning curricula could respond by expanding beyond statistical analysis to incorporate survey design and “the total survey error approach” of survey methodology.
The Effect of Child Gender, Parent School Involvement, and Parent Language Use on School Functioning Among Trauma-Exposed Latinx Youth
Authors: Woodard Grace S. , Brewer Stephanie K. , Fuller Anne K. , Lennon Papadakis Jaclyn , DeCarlo Santiago Catherine
Published: September 2021

High rates of trauma exposure can impede school functioning, which is predictive of many negative long-term outcomes. This study examined school functioning in Latinx children with clinically elevated levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms. We found that child gender, parent language use, and parent school involvement were associated with school functioning in complex ways. Interactive effects revealed that the association between parent school involvement and child school functioning depended on parent language use. Greater parent school involvement was linked with better school functioning when parents spoke more English, but parent school involvement did not improve school functioning when parents spoke more Spanish, which may reflect Spanish-speaking parents’ challenges engaging with schools. These findings have important implications for improving academic outcomes for trauma-exposed Latinx youth.
Acculturative Stress and the Effects on Health and Health Behaviors in Hispanic Immigrants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miller De Rutté Alyssia M. , Rubenstein Brianna P.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate previously published literature that examined the impact of acculturative stress on health in Spanish-speaking populations. The database search yielded a final count of 32 eligible articles for inclusion in this review. Age, acculturative stress measure, and study results were analyzed. Overall, 81.2% of studies investigated the impacts of acculturative stress on mental health with the majority concluding that increased acculturative stress had a significant relationship with greater mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, and psychological stress. Other studies in this review examined impacts on physical health and health behaviors, but yielded inconclusive results indicating that these are areas for future research.
A Clash of Sexual Gender Norms and Understandings: A Qualitative Study of Homosexual, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Adolescents’ Experiences in Junior High Schools
Authors: Cederved Catarina , Glasdam Stinne , Stjernswärd Sigrid
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study is to explore the inclusiveness of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adolescents in junior high school from the perspective of LGBTQ adolescents in Sweden. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 GBTQ adolescents aged 16 to 19. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr: 2019-03816). A Braun and Clark inspired thematic analysis was performed through a theoretical lens inspired by Berger and Luckmann. The analysis resulted in three themes: (a) a navigator among peers as friends and bullies, (b) adults in school supported inclusion in and exclusion from the group of peers, and (c) non-heterosexuality and non-binary gender understanding as teaching projects in junior high school. In summary the LGBTQ adolescents face multiple challenges related to identity development in hetero- and cisnormative school environments, including adults and peers and their (re)actions. Inclusive and exclusive strategies exercised by the self, adults, and peers affect adolescents’ experiences of their school time. Initiatives to increase awareness and knowledge about the LGBTQ subject in school can lead to enhanced inclusion but also to an enhanced sense of not belonging. Inclusive initiatives can contribute to enhanced inclusion or its opposite, motivating further research into LGBTQ adolescents’ experiences of junior high school from a relational perspective.