bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diferencias en la escala de ASIA después de un tratamiento rehabilitador en pacientes con lesión medular incompleta traumática en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación
Authors: Licetti Villena Rosa
Published: September 2018

Objetivo. Determinar si existe diferencias en la escala de ASIA en pacientes con lesión medular incompleta antes y después de un tratamiento rehabilitador en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación entre los años 2002 a 2009. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo correlacional. Se evaluaron diferencias en la escala de ASIA, índice motor y nivel motor antes y después de recibir un programamultidisciplinario de rehabilitación hospitalaria en pacientes con lesiones medulares incompletas (ASIA B, C o D) de tipo traumática. Se estudió si estas diferencias estuvieron asociadas a variables clínico-epidemiológicas (género, tono, etiología específica, tiempo de hospitalización o tiempo de enfermedad). Resultados. Se incluyeron 36 historias clínicas, donde se encontró variaciones de ASIA B inicial hacia ASIA C (34,8%), y ASIA D (4,3%); así como de ASIA C inicial hacia ASIA D (35,0%). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el tiempo de hospitalización mayor o igual a 5 meses (PR: 4,84; IC95% 1,25-18,56); el tiempo de enfermedad menor o igual a 6 meses (PR: 3,98; IC95% 1,11-17,87) y el cambio favorable de ASIA después del tratamiento. Se encontró disminución del nivel motor en 11 pacientes (13,1%); asimismo, la proporción del nivel motor disminuyo a niveles C5 (15,5%), C4 (14,3%) y C6 (10,7%). Conclusiones. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la escala de ASIA en pacientes con lesiones medulares incompletas traumáticas después de haber completado un programa de rehabilitación en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación entre los años 2002-2009; se hallaron mejores resultados en los pacientes con ASIA B y C inicial.
Resistencia y elasticidad a la flexión de la guadua angustifolia Kunth de Pitalito, Huila
Authors: Sapuyes Eduard , Osorio Jesús , Takeuchi Caori , Duarte Mauricio , Erazo Wilson
Published: September 2018

Se evaluó resistencia última y módulo de elasticidad a la flexión en muestras de Guadua angustifolia Kunth procedentes del municipio de Pitalito (Huila). Desde la obtención de las muestras hasta los ensayos, se procedió según las normas técnicas colombianas NTC 5300, Cosecha y Postcosecha del Culmo de Guadua angustifolia Kunth, y NTC 5525, Métodos de Ensayo para Determinar las Propiedades Físicas y Mecánicas de la Guadua angustifolia Kunth, y el titulo G, “Estructuras de madera y estructuras de guadua”, del Reglamento Colombiano de Construcciones Sismorresistentes. Se encontraron valores de esfuerzo admisible y módulo de elasticidad promedio de 13.85 MPa y 15483 MPa, respectivamente, para contenidos de humedad promedio de 102 %. Adicionalmente se realizaron comparaciones con otras investigaciones realizadas en Colombia.
Emulsiónes tipo pickering a base de almidones modificados como agentes emulsificantes. Artículo de revisión
Authors: Páez Álvarez Ana María , Bernal Bustos Claudio Raúl , Hernández Lina , Muñoz Lina
Published: September 2018

Este artículo de revisión propone una alternativa natural respecto a los agentes emulsificantes convencionales utilizados en los productos cosméticos, comparando las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los diferentes almidones utilizados en emulsiones tipo Pickering. Como resultado se elaboraron tres matrices conceptuales que generan información concluyente sobre las propiedades que debe tener un almidón para ser escogido como emulsificante, junto con las modificaciones químicas que le proporcionan un carácter anfifílico a dicha molécula, para finalmente encontrar las condiciones de elaboración de una emulsión Pickering.
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN GAME ONLINE KEKERASAN DENGAN PEILAKU AGRESI PADA PELAJAR DI WONOSOBO
Authors: Prasetio Rizki Eko , Hartosujono Hartosujono
Published: September 2018

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the correlation between the intensity of use of online games with violent content and aggressive behavior in students in Wonosobo. Subjects were 100 secondary school students in Wonosobo. The sampling technique in this study using purposive sampling. This research method using quantitative methods. Data collection instrument using the scale of aggression and intensity scale online games use violence content. Analysis of the data by using the technique of Pearson product moment correlation using SPSS program for Windows 17. The results showed no relationship between the intensity of use of online games berkonten violent and aggressive behavior in students in Wonosobo. The correlation coefficient (r xy) -0.184, p = 0.067, rules that are used in testing the hypothesis is p <0.05, so the hypothesis is not accepted.Keywods : intensity of use of online games with violent content, aggression behavior
KEPUASAN KERJA DITINJAU DARI KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI
Authors: Putrianti Flora Grace
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT This research were aimed to find out the relationship between the interpersonal communication and organizational culture with the job satisfaction, the relationship between the interpersonal communication with the job satisfaction and the relationship between organizational culture with the job satisfaction of lecturer at Universitas Sarjanawita Tamansiswa Yogyakarta.The data were collected by using job satisfaction scales, interpersonal communication scales and organizational culture scales. The research was conducted at the Universitas Sarjanawita Tamansiswa Yogyakarta. The total number of the subjects were 58 that meet the criteria as a research subject.Data were analyzed by using multiple regression analysis and partial correlation analysis, by using SPSS version 17.0 statistical program as a tool. Theresult regression analysis showed : a) There were correlation between the interpersonal communication and the organizational culture with the job satisfaction. The result showed R=0,638 and Adjusted R Square (R²)=0,406, b) there were correlation positively between the interpersonal communication with job satisfaction. The result showed R partial=0,544 (p=0,000) and effective contribution=29,6% and c) there were correlation positively between organizational culture with job satisfaction. The result showed R partial=0,505 (p=0,000)  and effective contribution=25,5%.Key words : Job Satisfaction, Interpersonal Communication, Organizational
PERAN EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP REGULASI DIRI PADA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN
Authors: Kusumawati Paramitha , Cahyani Berliana Henu
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT            The purpose of this study are to find out the role self-efficacy and self regulated learning of mathematics in term gender. The subjects of this study are 166 students at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta. The methods in this research are interview between teacher and students, observation and test. The instruments used in this research were regulation and self-efficacy scale. Analyzing data were done by Correlation Product Moment and independent sample t-test with SPSS for windows release version 17.0.             The result shows coeficient correlation r = 0,802, p = 0,000 (p<0,05) and r² = 64,4%, 35,6% of self regulated learning was defined by the other factors such as gender, knowledge, motivation, self willingness. Research shows there is a significant positive correlation between self efficacy for self regulated learning at students and there are differences in self regulated learning by gender.Keyword: self efficacy, self regulated learning.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA BRAND IMAGE DENGAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MEMILIH PRODI PSIKOLOGI UST YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pebriani Rika , Putrianti Flora Grace
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT           The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between brand image and making the decision of choosing Departement.          Subjects in this study were students Departement UST Psychology Yogyakarta. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The method of analysis used in this study is from Karl Pearson Product Moment.The results of the analysis of decision-making variable data with variable pick Faculty  brand image in showing the value of r = 0,619 with significant level p = 0,000 ( p < 0,05). Based on the results of correlation can be stated that there is a significant positive relationship between brand image by selecting the decision-making department of psychology UST Yogyakarta.          Correlation test test results showed that the variables of brand image to decision choosing faculty has determinant coefficient of 0,383. Means variable brand image in contributing effectively to decision making choosing Departement by 38,3 %,  while the remaining 61,7 % is influenced by other factors such as external factors which consist of prince and promotion or marketing and internal factors consist of motivation to decision making and attitudes towards decision making. Keywords : Brand Image,  Decision To Choose Departement.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DENGAN RESILIENSI PADA PARA SUSTER YUNIOR DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Tima Lusia Lenisia , Muti'ah Titik
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThis study is a correlation research that is intended to determine whether there is a correlation between emotional intelligence and resilience of the junior nuns. The method used is the Pearson Product-moment method of correlation studies. The sample was 85 nuns who live in the city of Yogyakarta. This study used two scales as a measurement tool, namely the scale of emotional intelligence and resilience were prepared by the researcher in the form of Likert Scale. Number of all items is 55 items consisted of 38 items from resilience and 17 items emotional intelligence. The scale emotional intelligence has a reliability of 0.790 resilience andscale of resilience has reliability of 0.899.The results were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 16 release. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and resilience, with a coefficients correlation of 0.870 and significance level, 0.00 (p<0.05). With this it can be said that the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and resilience acceptable. Effective contribution to the study of 75.7%, amounting to 75.7% meaning that resilience is determined by emotional intelligence. Higher emotional intelligence also increasingly steeper resilience. Keyword: Recilience,emotional intelligence, the Junior Nuns
PERAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP MANAJEMEN STRES PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Basirun Basirun , Argiati Hafsah Budi
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to determined stress management for renal failure patient at the role of family’s support. Furthemore, this research also aims to uncover more about problems that can be caused by renal failure. Subjects in this research is men and women who have renal failure. Subjects feel worry, fearfull and confused because worry about their future. This research using the techniques of data collection using inteviews and observation. The result of the role of family’s support at stress management for renal failure patient is patient make a choise to compose oneself with pray to God. In general, when renal failure patient heard that they diagnosed by doctor they feel stress, but subject’s family give participant and support any time. Keywords: The role of Family’s Support, Stress Management, Renal Failure Patient
Authentically Me: Examining Expectations That Are Placed Upon Black Women in College
Authors: Winkle-Wagner Rachelle , Kelly Bridget Turner , Luedke Courtney L. , Reavis Tangela Blakely
Published: September 2018

Through analyzing critical life stories with Black alumnae from predominantly White institutions, this article offers a narrative, in-depth approach to explore the ways in which alumnae managed and resisted expectations and stereotypes that were placed upon them by peers, faculty, and staff during college. Findings suggested that participants grappled with assumptions of who they should be as Black college women. As they resisted stereotypes and expectations, they crafted unique pathways toward asserting their authentic selves. The findings emphasize heterogeneity among Black women and the need for varied support structures in educational institutions.
A Collection of Letters from A. Y. Krymsky to V. R. Rozen Preserved in the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Archive
Authors: Valeev Ramil M. , Vasylyuk Oksana D. , Dyakov Nikolai N. , Khairutdinov Dinar R. , Abidulin Alim M.
Published: September 2018

The article provides an insight into the collection of letters sent by the thenyoung Orientalist Agathangel Krymsky (russ. Agatangel Efimovich Krymskii, ukr. Ahatanhel Yukhimovych Kryms’kii; 1871–1942 to Professor H.E. Baron Viktor v. Rosen (russ. Viktor Romanovich Rozen; 1849–1908). Both scholars rank at the top in the Russian Orientalist studies in the last century. The collection of letters preserved at the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Archive comprises 15 items. Most of the letters date back to the period between 1898 to 1906. The letters provide a vivid illustration of academic life and contacts between the scholars in the Former Russian Empire, as well as kind attention of Baron v. Rosen to his junior colleague. They equally portray Professor Krymsky’s unrivaled learning and ability to accept criticism, attention to detail, everything, which significantly contributed to his astonishing scholarly career and international reputation. The creative spirit of the Russian Orientalism at the fin de sièclepreserved in this collection is illustrated by the two letters from Krymsky to Rosen published as an appendix.
On the concept of love as a fundamental attribute of God in Avicenna’s theology
Authors: Ibrahim Tawfik K. , Efremova Natalia V.
Published: September 2018

This article can be considered, in a sense, as an introduction to the translation made by the authors from Arabic into Russian of Avicenna’s (Ibn-Sina, 980–1037) treatise «On Love», in which he presents the most fully exposition of his view on love as a divine characteristic and a universal all-encompassing principle, which is inherent to every creature and serving the cause of its being. In this introduction the authors trace the origin of Avicenna’s teaching back to the Holy Quran and the Sunna. There is depicted its reception in other religious and philosophical schools, especially in Sufi theosophy.
Religious myths and legitimation of Power
Authors: Polosin Vyacheslav S.
Published: September 2018

The article deals with the superstitions and biased opinion regarding the State and its structre. The superstitions are usually used by the society both to legitimize the political regime and to represent politicians as heroes in the popular opinion. In the article are analyzed methods which enable the religious thinking to shape popular ideas about the state and its government. The author also enlightens the role of political elite in creating the rulers’ image. The article also comprises an analysis of Islamic influence in the geopolitical context.
Numerical study of savonius water turbine performance by adding deflector to advancing blade side
Authors: Setiawan Priyo Agus , Juniani Anda Iviana , Husodo Adi Wirawan
Published: September 2018

As one of the best renewable energy sources, hydropower becomes more predictable sourcecompared to wind energy and Savonius which its performance does not contingent to fluid flowdirection. In this present, computational Fluid Dynamics acomplished by Finite Volume Methodand unsteady RANS equation were applied to analyze the numerical simulation. The presentstudy investigated the performance of Savonius Turbine by adding deflector plate installed toadvancing blade side at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 of deflector angles in the direction of the fluid flow.The viscous turbulence model used realizable k-epsilon (RKE) and its descritization usedsecond order upwind. The type of mesh was made from coarse to fine meshing with 8 (eight)types of meshing and the grid independency of the numerical simulation had been validated bythe publish experimental data at TSR of 1,078. Grid independency occured at meshing G withthe error lower than 5 % compared to published experimental data. The result of this studyshows that the performance of Savonius turbine increased by adding deflector in advancingblade side with the maximum torque and power coefficient at 30 of deflector angle.
Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2018: Legacy Sumatera Utara
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Banyak orang hebat pernah memerintah di sumatera utara dengan catatan legacy yang luar biasa. Semoga Sumatera Utara semakin baik ke depan
Masjid dalam Kajian Sosial Politik,Budaya dan Pembangunan Kesejahteraan
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Persepsi dan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap masjid akan mewarnai model pengelolaan masjid dilihat dari pemberian peran dan fungsinya di tengah masyarakat. Administrasi kemasjidan akan ditentukan dan sekaligus menentukan masalah-masalah lainnya seperti kemakmuran masjid dan aktualisasi masjid. Bagi orang yang berfikir amat sederhana, masjid hanyalah tempat sholat dan zikir lima waktu. Sedangkan bagi yang lain masjid harus menjadi pusat ibadah dan pusat kebudayaan Islam.
Demokrasi yang Beretika dan Berbudaya Pancasila pada Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2018
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Demokrasi yang beretika dan berbudaya pancasila adalah sebuah cita-cita ideal yang perwujudannya memerlukan upaya bersama penuh tekad dan ketulusan. Penerapan demokrasi yang beretika dan berbudaya pancasila dalam pilkada serentak 2018 sangat tergantung pada komponen penyelengara, partai politik, para kandidat dan rakyat pemilih.
Postcranioplasty seizures following decompressive craniectomy and seizure prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis at a single institution
Authors: Yeap Mun-Chun , Chen Ching-Chang , Liu Zhuo-Hao , Hsieh Po-Chuan , Lee Cheng-Chi , Liu Yu-Tse , Yi-Chou Wang Alvin , Huang Yin-Cheng , Wei Kuo-Chen , Wu Chieh-Tsai , Tu Po-Hsun
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

Cranioplasty is a relatively simple and less invasive intervention, but it is associated with a high incidence of postoperative seizures. The incidence of, and the risk factors for, such seizures and the effect of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have not been well studied. The authors’ aim was to evaluate the risk factors that predispose patients to postcranioplasty seizures and to examine the role of seizure prophylaxis in cranioplasty.

METHODS

The records of patients who had undergone cranioplasty at the authors’ medical center between 2009 and 2014 with at last 2 years of follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, the occurrence of postoperative seizures, and postoperative complications were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among the 583 patients eligible for inclusion in the study, 247 had preexisting seizures or used AEDs before the cranioplasty and 336 had no seizures prior to cranioplasty. Of these 336 patients, 89 (26.5%) had new-onset seizures following cranioplasty. Prophylactic AEDs were administered to 56 patients for 1 week after cranioplasty. No early seizures occurred in these patients, and this finding was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Liver cirrhosis, intraoperative blood loss, and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus were risk factors for postcranioplasty seizures in the multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Cranioplasty is associated with a high incidence of postoperative seizures. The prophylactic use of AEDs can reduce the occurrence of early seizures.
Management of severe intraoperative hemorrhage during intraventricular neuroendoscopic procedures: the dry field technique
Authors: Oertel Joachim , Linsler Stefan , Csokonay Akos , Schroeder Henry W. S. , Senger Sebastian
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

The unexpected intraoperative intraventricular hemorrhage is a rare but feared and life-threatening complication in neuroendoscopic procedures because of loss of endoscopic vision. The authors present their experience with the so-called “dry field technique” (DFT) for the management of intraventricular hemorrhages during purely endoscopic procedures. This technique requires the aspiration of the entire intraventricular CSF to achieve clear visualization of the bleeding source.

METHODS

More than 500 neuroendoscopic intraventricular procedures were retrospectively analyzed over the last 24 years for documented severe hemorrhages, which were treated by the application of the DFT.

RESULTS

The technique was required in 6 cases, including tumor resection/biopsy, cyst resection, and intraventricular lavage. Additionally, the technique was applied as part of the planned strategy in 3 cases of endoscopic tumor removal. The hemorrhage was stopped in all cases and no associated postoperative deficits occurred.

CONCLUSIONS

Although severe hemorrhages are rare, the neurosurgeon needs to be aware of them and has to establish strategies for their management. Most hemorrhages can be stopped by constant irrigation and coagulation. In the other rare cases, the DFT is a safe, reliable technique and can be easily incorporated into endoscopic surgery.
11C-methionine-18F-FDG dual-PET-tracer–based target delineation of malignant glioma: evaluation of its geometrical and clinical features for planning radiation therapy
Authors: Hirata Takero , Kinoshita Manabu , Tamari Keisuke , Seo Yuji , Suzuki Osamu , Wakai Nobuhide , Achiha Takamune , Umehara Toru , Arita Hideyuki , Kagawa Naoki , Kanemura Yonehiro , Shimosegawa Eku , Hashimoto Naoya , Hatazawa Jun , Kishima Haruhiko , Teshima Teruki , Ogawa Kazuhiko
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

It is important to correctly and precisely define the target volume for radiotherapy (RT) of malignant glioma. 11C-methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET) holds promise for detecting areas of glioma cell infiltration: the authors’ previous research showed that the magnitude of disruption of MET and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake correlation (decoupling score [DS]) precisely reflects glioma cell invasion. The purpose of the present study was to analyze volumetric and geometrical properties of RT target delineation based on DS and compare them with those based on MRI.

METHODS

Twenty-five patients with a diagnosis of malignant glioma were included in this study. Three target volumes were compared: 1) contrast-enhancing core lesions identified by contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (T1Gd), 2) high-intensity lesions on T2-weighted images, and 3) lesions showing high DS (DS ≥ 3; hDS). The geometrical differences of these target volumes were assessed by calculating the probabilities of overlap and one encompassing the other. The correlation of geometrical features of RT planning and recurrence patterns was further analyzed.

RESULTS

The analysis revealed that T1Gd with a 2.0-cm margin was able to cover the entire high DS area only in 6 (24%) patients, which indicates that microscopic invasion of glioma cells often extended more than 2.0 cm beyond a Gd-enhanced core lesion. Insufficient coverage of high DS regions with RT target volumes was suggested to be a risk for out-of-field recurrence. Higher coverage of hDS by T1Gd with a 2-cm margin (i.e., higher values of “[T1Gd + 2 cm]/hDS”) had a trend to positively impact overall and progression-free survival. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that low coverage of hDS by T1Gd with a 2-cm margin was predictive of disease recurrence outside the Gd-enhanced core lesion, indicative of out-of-field reoccurrence.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study indicate that MRI is inadequate for target delineation for RT in malignant glioma treatment. Expanding the treated margins substantially beyond the MRI-based target volume may reduce the risk of undertreatment, but it may also result in unnecessary irradiation of uninvolved regions. As MET/FDG PET-DS seems to provide more accurate information for target delineation than MRI in malignant glioma treatment, this method should be further evaluated on a larger scale.
Cervical osteogenic degeneration in Japanese professional wrestlers and its relationship to cervical spine injury
Authors: Sasaki Manabu , Asamoto Shunji , Umegaki Masao , Matsumoto Katsumi
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of cervical degeneration in Japanese professional wrestlers and its relationship with the risk of cervical spine injury (CSI).

METHODS

Since 2012, 27 Japanese male wrestlers belonging to a professional wrestling association have undergone periodical medical examinations of the cervical spine. If neurological symptoms were observed in the wrestlers, the resident trainers urged them to undergo a brief examination at the authors’ institutions. In addition to this prospective research study, the mechanisms of the CSIs that occurred in 5 wrestlers, including 2 with CSI before 2012 and 3 who were independent from the professional wrestling association, were retrospectively investigated by reviewing the circumstances of the injury and the wrestlers’ imaging studies.

RESULTS

The mean age of the wrestlers was 36.9 years (range 23–56 years) at the initial examination. An anterior giant ossifying lesion (AGOL) was observed in the anterior aspect of the cervical spine of 11 wrestlers (41%). The AGOLs tended to grow and spread to multiple spinal levels as the wrestlers aged. Of the 12 wrestlers with osteogenic lesions, 10 older than 40 years of age (83%) had an AGOL, which is frequently accompanied by osseous spinal canal stenosis. Two wrestlers presented with spinal cord compression with intramedullary intensity change on MRI. However, during the follow-up period, no spinal cord injury (SCI) occurred in the wrestlers, although thoracolumbar injury occurred in 2 wrestlers during a match. In examining the 5 wrestlers with CSI, the injury occurred at the spinal levels without an AGOL. The most frequent pathology of CSI (60%) was SCI at the spinal level adjacent to the multilevel AGOL.

CONCLUSIONS

AGOL is a peculiar cervical degeneration of Japanese professional wrestlers, especially in aged wrestlers. The AGOL appears to be a biological reaction to reinforce the anterior aspect of the cervical spine of professional wrestlers, who routinely defend themselves in a flexed neck posture against their opponent. The present results suggest that the risk of CSI is not increased by spinal canal stenosis accompanied by AGOL. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between the wrestlers’ cervical degeneration and the risk of CSI in more detail.
The role of lumboperitoneal shunts in managing chronic hydrocephalus with slit ventricles
Authors: Marupudi Neena I. , Harris Carolyn , Pavri Tanya , Mell Brenna , Singh Rasanjeet , Ham Steven D. , Sood Sandeep
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

Lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts have a role not only in pseudotumor cerebri, but also in patients with slit-like ventricles who are treated with CSF shunting on a chronic basis. Hesitation to utilize LP shunts is based on previous conventional beliefs including the tendency for overdrainage, difficulties accessing the shunt to tap or revise, and risk of progressive cerebellar tonsillar herniation. The authors hypothesized that the use of horizontal-vertical (HV) valves may reduce the risk of these complications, particularly overdrainage and development of Chiari malformation.

METHODS

All pediatric cases involving patients treated with an LP shunt at the Children’s Hospital of Michigan were reviewed in this retrospective case series. A total of 143 patients with hydrocephalus were treated with LP shunts from 1997–2015 (follow-up range 8 months–8 years, median 4.2 years). Patients with pseudotumor cerebri underwent placement of an LP shunt as a primary procedure. In patients with slit ventricles from chronically treated hydrocephalus or repeated shunt malfunctions from proximal catheter obstruction, a lumbar drain was inserted to assess candidacy for conversion to an LP shunt. In patients who tolerated the lumbar drain and demonstrated communication of the ventricles with the spinal cisterns, treatment was converted to an LP shunt. All patients included in the series had undergone initial shunt placement between birth and age 16 years.

RESULTS

In 30% of patients (n = 43), LP shunts were placed as the initial shunt treatment; in 70% (n = 100), treatment was converted to LP shunts from ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. The patients’ age at insertion of or conversion to an LP shunt ranged from 1 to 43 years (median 8.5 years). Of the patients with clear pre-LP and post-LP shunt follow-up imaging, none were found to develop an acquired Chiari malformation. In patients with pre-existing tonsillar ectopia, no progression was noted on follow-up MRIs of the brain in these patients after LP shunt insertion. In our LP shunt case series, no patient presented with acute deterioration from shunt malfunction.

CONCLUSIONS

Conversion to an LP shunt may minimize acute deterioration from shunt malfunction and decrease morbidity of repeated procedures in patients with chronically shunt-treated hydrocephalus and small ventricles. In comparison to previously published case series of LP shunt treatment, the use of LP shunts in conjunction with HV valves may decrease the overall risk of cerebellar tonsillar herniation. The use of an LP shunt may be an alternative in the management of slit ventricles when VP shunting repeatedly fails.
Examining the need for routine intensive care admission after surgical repair of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Bonfield Christopher M. , Basem Jade , Cochrane D. Douglas , Singhal Ash , Steinbok Paul
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE

At British Columbia Children’s Hospital (BCCH), pediatric patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis are admitted directly to a standard surgical ward after craniosynostosis surgery. This study’s purpose was to investigate the safety of direct ward admission and to examine the rate at which patients were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), the cause for the transfer, and any patient characteristics that indicate higher risk for ICU care.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records of pediatric patients who underwent single-suture or nonsyndromic craniosynostosis repair from 2011 to 2016 at BCCH. Destination of admission from the operating room (i.e., ward or ICU) and transfer to the ICU from the ward were evaluated. Patient characteristics and operative factors were recorded and analyzed.

RESULTS

One hundred fourteen patients underwent surgery for single-suture or nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Eighty surgeries were open procedures (cranial vault reconstruction, frontoorbital advancement, extended-strip craniectomy) and 34 were minimally invasive endoscope-assisted craniectomy (EAC). Sutures affected were sagittal in 66 cases (32 open, 34 EAC), coronal in 20 (15 unilateral, 5 bilateral), metopic in 23, and multisuture in 5. Only 5 patients who underwent open procedures (6%) were initially admitted to the ICU from the operating room; the reasons for direct admission were as follows: the suggestion of preoperative elevated intracranial pressure, pain control, older-age patients with large reconstruction sites, or a significant medical comorbidity. Overall, of the 107 patients admitted directly to the ward (75 who underwent an open surgery, 32 who underwent an EAC), none required ICU transfer.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, the findings of this study suggest that patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis can be managed safely on the ward and do not require postoperative ICU admission. This could potentially increase cost savings and ICU resource utilization.
High-Density Lipoprotein Subclasses and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Study of Outcome and aPolipoproteins in Dementia (STOP-Dementia)
Authors: Ohtani Ryo , Nirengi Shinsuke , Nakamura Michikazu , Murase Nagako , Sainouchi Makoto , Kuwata Yasuhiro , Takata Masaki , Masuda Yuuichi , Kotani Kazuhiko , Sakane Naoki
Published: September 2018

Background:

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) containing apolipoprotein A-I is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). HDL particle size is modified in the presence of pathological conditions, while the significance of the HDL particle size remains controversial.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the HDL lipoprotein subclasses in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 20 AD patients, 17 MCI patients, and 17 age-matched controls without cognitive impairment, selected from the database of the Study of Outcome and aPolipoproteins in Dementia (STOP-Dementia) registry. The diagnoses of AD and MCI were performed by expert neurologists according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition criteria. Serum HDL subclasses were measured by electrophoretic separation of lipoproteins using the Lipoprint System. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of inflammation, was calculated by dividing the neutrophil count by the lymphocyte count.

Results:

Small-sized HDL particle levels in the MCI group were significantly higher than in the control group, although there was no difference in serum HDL-cholesterol levels between MCI and control groups. NLR in the MCI group was higher than in the control group, but this difference was non-significant ( p = 0.09). There was no difference in HDL subclasses or NLR between the AD and control groups.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that HDL subclasses might be associated with the development of MCI.
The In-Hospital Length of Stay after Hip Fracture in Octogenarians: Do Delirium and Dementia Shape a New Care Process?
Authors: Monacelli Fiammetta , Pizzonia Monica , Signori Alessio , Nencioni Alessio , Giannotti Chiara , Minaglia Cecilia , Granello di Casaleto Tommaso , Podestà Silvia , Santolini Federico , Odetti Patrizio
Published: September 2018

Background:

Hip fracture is a major health problem and a patient’s biological age, comorbidity, and cognitive vulnerability have an impact on its related outcomes. Length of stay (LOS) for these highly vulnerable patients is rather long and the possible causes have not been clearly identified yet.

Objective:

We aimed to assess the main clinical factors associated with protracted LOS, focusing on delirium with or without dementia in older age hip fractured patients.

Methods:

218 subjects (mean age 86.70±6.18 years), admitted to the Orthogeriatric Unit of the Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (Italy), were recruited. All patients received physical and comprehensive geriatric assessment. Days to surgery, days from surgery to rehabilitation, and LOS were recorded. In-hospital and three months’ mortality were reported.

Results:

Prevalent delirium at hospital admission was of 3.1%. 35% of patients developed incident delirium. 56.4% were affected by dementia of Alzheimer-type. In addition, 52% of patients developed delirium superimposed to dementia. Mean LOS was 13.5±4.99 days. Namely, delirium, time to surgery, and complication rate disproportionally affected LOS. The analysis with 3 months mortality, based on cognitive vulnerability profiles, showed how delirium mainly affect short-term mortality in patients with dementia.

Conclusion:

Our exploratory study originally pointed out the high incidence of delirium superimposed to dementia in orthogeriatric wards and how delirium turns to be a moderator of LOS. The results meet the need for additional research by virtue of a deeper understanding of the impact of delirium and dementia on orthogeriatric clinical management and outcomes.
Association between Neuropsychiatric Improvement and Neurocognitive Change in Alzheimer’s Disease: Analysis of the CATIE-AD Study
Authors: Nagata Tomoyuki , Shinagawa Shunichiro , Nakajima Shinichiro , Mimura Masaru , Shigeta Masahiro
Published: September 2018

Background/Objective:

To assess associations between improvements in neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and neurocognitive change in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) during treatment using the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness–Alzheimer Disease (CATIE-AD) dataset.

Methods:

AD outpatients with NPS who needed pharmacological treatment ( n = 421) were followed up with antipsychotics, citalopram, or placebo for up to 36 weeks (mean±SD = 252±52 days). The study aim was to investigate associations between improvement in each NPS evaluating scale (by Clinical Global Impression of Change [CGI-C], Neuropsychiatric Inventory [NPI], or Brief Psychiatric Scale [BPRS]) at endpoint (week 36 or early termination [ET], n = 340) and neurocognitive change (change score in the Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] between endpoint and baseline during the treatment). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed on the associations between each NPS improvement and neurocognitive change as well as socio-clinico-demographic variables of interest.

Results:

At endpoint, NPS improvement rates were 76.1%, 70.8%, and 58.1% in CGI-C, NPI, and BPRS, respectively, while MMSE score change was –2.3±3.8. NPS improvement was significantly related to more severe psychotic symptoms at baseline and preserved levels of neurocognition (smaller MMSE score change) among several variables.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggested that neurocognitive preservation may be associated with attaining optimal benefits from any treatment against NPSs in a longitudinal treatment course of patients with AD.
Preoperative Phosphorylated Tau Concentration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Can Predict Cognitive Function Three Years after Shunt Surgery in Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Nakajima Madoka , Miyajima Masakazu , Ogino Ikuko , Akiba Chihiro , Kawamura Kaito , Kamohara Chihiro , Fusegi Keiko , Harada Yoshinao , Hara Takeshi , Sugano Hidenori , Tange Yuichi , Karagiozov Kostadin , Kasuga Kensaku , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Tokuda Takahiko , Arai Hajime
Published: September 2018

Background:

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is commonly treated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting. However, the long-term efficacy of shunt intervention in the presence of comorbid Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology is debated.

Objective:

To identify AD-associated CSF biomarkers predictive of shunting surgery outcomes in patients with iNPH.

Methods:

Preoperative levels of total and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) were measured in 40 patients with iNPH divided into low (<30 pg/mL) and high (≥30 pg/mL) p-Tau groups and followed up for three years after lumboperitoneal shunting. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery, and iNPH Grading Scale scores were compared between the age-adjusted low ( n = 24; mean age 75.7 years [SD 5.3]) and high ( n = 11; mean age 76.0 years [SD 5.6]) p-Tau groups.

Results:

Cognitive function improved early in the low p-Tau group and was maintained thereafter ( p = 0.005). In contrast, the high p-Tau group showed a gradual decline to baseline levels by the third postoperative year ( p = 0.040). Although the p-Tau concentration did not correlate with the preoperative MMSE score, a negative correlation appeared and strengthened during follow-up (R2 = 0.352, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the low p-Tau group showed rapid and sustained mRS grade improvement, whereas mRS performance gradually declined in the high p-Tau group.

Conclusions:

Preoperative CSF p-Tau concentration predicted some aspects of cognitive function after shunt intervention in patients with iNPH. The therapeutic effects of shunt treatment were shorter-lasting in patients with coexisting AD pathology.
Multimorbidity Predicts Quality of Life but not Motor Severity in Early Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Gravell Rhys , Duncan Gordon W. , Khoo Tien K. , Burn David J. , Sayer Avan A. , Barker Roger A. , Lawson Rachael Ashleigh , Yarnall Alison Jane
Published: September 2018

Recent guidance by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) focuses on the management of people with multimorbidity, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date there has been little exploration of this in neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the associations between multimorbidity, motor severity and quality of life (QoL) in early PD. Regression analyses determined whether multimorbidity was significantly associated with disease severity and QoL. Multimorbidity was a small but significant predictor of QoL in people with incident PD, but not motor severity, suggesting that they may benefit from a tailored multidisciplinary approach to care.
Sex and age are associated with the use of specific dietary supplements among people exercising in gyms: Cross-sectional analysis from Amman, Jordan
Authors: AbuMweis Suhad S. , Alatrash Razan M. , Tayyem Reema , Hammoudeh Ayman
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:

People who engage in regular sport activities in commercial gyms usually consume dietary supplements without proper advice from health care professionals. Little is known about use of specific type of dietary supplements and factors associated with their use among people who exercise in gyms.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of this research work were to assess the prevalence of dietary supplement intake among people exercising in gyms and its influencing factors, to evaluate the use of specific type of dietary supplements and its association with sex and age.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 22 gyms. Data were collected form 367 exercisers. Chi-square was used to study relationship between intake of dietary supplement and factors related to its use.

RESULTS:

The intake of dietary supplements was reported by 49% of the participants. The most frequent used supplements were: vitamin D (42%), protein powder (33.1%), vitamin B12 (30.4%), omega-3 (26.5%), vitamin C (26.0%), calcium (21.5%), iron (21.0%), branched chain amino acids (17.1%), vitamin E (16.1%), and multi- vitamins and minerals (16.0%). Age and self-perception of overall diet ( P = 0.026) were associated with the overall use of dietary supplements. Type of used supplements differed by sex and age groups. Males took protein powder ( P < 0.001), branched chain amino acids ( P < 0. 001), energy drinks ( P = 0.001), and Brewer’s yeast ( P = 0.02). Whereas, females consumed more antioxidants ( P = 0.036), vitamin D ( P < 0.001), calcium ( P = 0.001), and iron ( P = 0.002). Participants older than 40 years consumed more ( P < 0.05) vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, B-complex, vitamin B12, folic acid and calcium, and less protein powder ( P = 0.024) in comparison to youngers.

CONCLUSION:

More than 40% of people exercising in gyms reported using dietary supplements. The use of specific dietary supplements was associated with sex and age.
University Lebanese students are not immune to the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Haidar Suzan A. , Karavetian Mirey , Radwan Hadia , de Vries Nanne K.
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:

The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder characterized by a cluster of symptoms, which increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the prevalence rate of the MetS and identify its predisposing risk factors in Lebanese university students.

METHODS:

Using two-stage sampling, 266 students were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study at a local University. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical data and blood pressure were collected. Students filled out the following questionnaires: demographics, lifestyle habits, beverage consumption, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. MetS was diagnosed based on the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of MetS in the sample population was found to be 6.4%. Furthermore, 65% of the sample had low HDL-C levels (53.10±13.06 mg/dl) and approximately 52% had a high waist circumference (85.67±11.45 cm). Neither lifestyle habits, beverage consumption, physical activity level, sleep quality nor increased stress were associated with increased risk of developing MetS. Age was significantly associated with higher odds of developing the MetS (aOR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03– 1.29).

CONCLUSION:

Metabolic syndrome is a cause of concern among Lebanese students, which highlights the need for prevention programs to decrease future health risks.
CFD Simulation Studies on Integrated Approach of Solar Chimney and Borehole Heat Exchanger for Building Space Conditioning
Authors: Lal Shiv , Kaushik Subhash Chand
Published: September 2018

In this communication, integrated approach of solar chimney and borehole heat exchanger has been studied by using computational fluid dynamics software. It is observed that, the room temperature can be maintained at 25-30 °C, at 4.9 ACH with this integrated approach in both peak summer and winter conditions. The cooling and heating effects are evaluated as 4.73-5.55 kW at 40 °C in summer and 8.27-10.56 kW at 5 °C in winter. The SC-BHE integrated system approach produced 21-37 % higher heating effect than the BHE alone system. In cooling mode SC fitted after the room in fluid circuit and it produces the induce effect for air suction from BHE along the air blower. So, integrated approach is a feasible solution for building space conditioning.
Juan José Campanella: Historical Memory And Accountability in El Secreto De Sus Ojos (The Secret In Their Eyes 2009)
Authors: Tierney Dolores
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores Juan José Campanella and his Oscar winning El secreto de sus ojos (The Secret in Their Eyes 2009). Unlike the other transnational auteurs focused upon in the book, he has not followed an initial critical and commercial domestic success (El hijo de la novia) with deterritorialized feature films outside of Argentina (although he has worked in US television). However, like the transnational auteurs he has been the object of analyses that criticize the mainstream ‘commercial’ forms and venues (transnational conglomerates) he works in and question the national credentials of his filmmaking. Arguing against a critical hierarchy that rates the features of art cinema (the New Argentine Cinema) above those of a commercial cinema, the chapter explores how in El secreto de sus ojos Campanella uses genre film to engage with the legacy of Argentina’s ‘Dirty War,’ with the period directly before it and also with the contemporary moment. This chapter argues that Campanella’s manipulation of melodrama and film noir are an effective means to self-consciously stage the past and also pose key issues of historical memory and accountability of the crimes committed during Argentina’s Dirty War.
Conceiving a Nation
Authors: Márkus Gilbert
Published: September 2018

This book offers a history of ‘Scotland’ before Scotland existed, and before people even thought of this area as a single ‘country’. It traces the emergence and disappearance of various ethnic and political groups from Roman times till circa AD 900, and their shifting relationships. But it also calls into question what are often seen as straightforward and obvious concepts such as ‘ethnicity’, ‘Christian conversion’, ‘law’. While following a broad chronological narrative over nine centuries, and dealing with political and large-scale developments, it also explores in some depth the culture of the societies (and there were several) of the time. In addition to the more narrowly political dimension, it explores the texture of experience in people’s lives: how they imagined themselves and their own identities; how they saw their place in the world; how communities managed their own internal affairs such as marriage, childhood and social conflict; how people understood gender, wealth, political power and religious belief. Important texts which have sometimes been read rather naively are here read in new ways, identifying the commitments of their authors, and seeking the literary influences which shaped them (which means we must read and understand not only what early medieval writers wrote, but also what they were reading).