bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepuasaan Mahasiswa terhadap Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Priyastuti Maria Theresia , Suhadi Suhadi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang tingkat kepuasaan mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi covid-19 di Stikes St. Elisabeth. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi covid-19 di Stikes St. Elisabeth. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan dekriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket/kuesioner secara online. Jumlah sampel adalah 55 mahasiswa prodi Diploma Keperawatan Stikes St. Elisabeth saat semester ganjil 2020/2021. Teknik sampel mengambil total sampling dengan analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian adalah mahasiswa merasa puas terhadap peran dosen dalam membantu mahasiswa saat perkuliahan daring (63.6%) dan evaluasi pembelajaran daring (56.4%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar mahasiswa merasa kurang puas terhadap pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan di Stikes St. Elisabeth Semarang.
International Migration
Authors: Jímenez Everardo Víctor , Zamora Neyda del Rosario , Zamir Urcuyo Axel
Published: February 2021

This work shows how the absence of parents due to migration affects students learnin, for that reason a sample of 993 students with a 95% confidence and 3% margin of error was considereted . This study is qualitative and quantitative  in nature. Among the main results found is that 19.4% of surveyed students saffer abscence of mother, father or both of them due to migration. In addition it was also observed that the most direct consequences are feeling of loss, sodness académic performance and behaviour.
Students, professors and sexual diversity: acknowledging LGBT+ students and their school experience in university
Authors: Espinoza Romero Migdelina Andrea , Rodríguez Jiménez José Raúl , Pierson Daniela
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to explore the interactions between university professors and higher education students who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender, intersex, queer and other non-heterosexual identities or orientations (LGBT+). Three theoretical-methodological dimensions are used to explore: a) the academic experiences of LGBT+ university students and the interactions with their university professors; b) the institutional and academic approaches towards sexual diversity in the student population; and c) aspects of their sexual identity. A descriptive case study was designed and the empirical information that supported it came from 31 interviews conducted with LGBT+ university students, enrolled in 11 higher education institutions in Sonora, Mexico.
The findings indicate professors abuse their power as teachers: they impose heteronormative interactions in the classroom, discriminating against and acting hostile towards LGBT+ students, negatively affecting them in academic and emotional ways. Only in a few cases, professors displayed inclusive pedagogical practices in front of sexual diversity.
This study shows that being an LGBT+ student negatively affects their learning, because respect for their diversity, a fundamental human right, is compromised by their sexual orientation, resulting in an unequal treatment in higher education institutions. Governments and institutions must promote actions for the full integration of these students into academic spaces, where their rights are recognized and respected. In these possible actions, the role of the professor is especially important, because it's a key actor for the successful inclusion of LGBT+ students in higher education institutions.
First record of Scolia rufiventris Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) from Pantanal, Brazil
Authors: Aranda Rodrigo
Published: February 2021

The first record of the wasp Scolia rufiventris Fabricius, 1804 is reported for the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and the Brazilian Pantanal in the Abobral region, in an area with predominance of flooded fields and Cambarazal dominance. The registration of the species contributes to the knowledge of the diversity of insects in the Pantanal, mainly in view of the last events of devastation by large-scale fires.
A Modified Technique for Establishing the Occlusal Plane in Complete Denture Prosthesis
Authors: Pradeep S.
Published: February 2021

Occlusal plane position is considered to be the primary link between function and esthetics. Canted occlusalplanes result from the canted interpupillary line if the latter issued as reference plane. Establishing thisocclusal plane correctly by orienting is of prime importance. Bubble gauge mounted to the fox plane providesmore accurate orientation of occlusal plane irrespective of reference planes. This modification can be used toachieve optimum result in facial asymmetries and canted interpupillary lines, since interpupillary line cannotbe used as a guide in such cases.Clinical Implications: If a clinician uses bubble gauge-fox plane approach for establishingocclusal plane, thenthe aesthetic outcome will be enhanced. This method is also of value since it reduces subjective variations.
The Burden Leprosy Diseases in India: A Study with Special Reference to Tamilnadu and their Districts
Authors: Dr. R. Hariharan
Published: February 2021

Background: Leprosy is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. Despite the advancements made byscience and technology, this curable disease remains misunderstood and dreaded. India is home to the largestnumber of new leprosy cases globally. Tamilnadu is one among state of high level of leprosy cases in India.The country was still seen to have largest number of leprosy patients in 2018 especially female and children.Keeping this view, “The Burden Leprosy Diseases in India: A study with special reference to Tamilnadu andtheir Districts” was undertaken.Data and Method: The paper uses the secondary data from Report of the National Leprosy EradicationProgramme, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and other research studies and carries out the bi-variateanalysis to realise its objectives.Findings and Suggestion: The Tamilnadu contribution of growth of leprosy diseases was continuouslydecreased because our government will take more steps to reduce the number of leprosy cases. Then only itis possible to reach less than one like Kerala and Punjab. Chennai (9.07%), Erode (9.93%) and Villupuram(9.48%) are the large number new leprosy cases deducted district in Tamilnadu. The budget allocation ofTamilnadu share was very low than the other states in India for the purpose of treatment of leprosy diseases.Government will educate the female and children to prevent from the communicable diseases like leprosy.
Methods for modeling the kinetics of radiopharmaceuticals with iodine isotopes in nuclear medicine problems
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Matveev Alexander V.
Published: February 2021

The paper considers modeling methods and develops a unified approach to the construction of mathematical models of the kinetics of radiopharmaceuticals with iodine isotopes in the human body during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of nuclear medicine. Based on this approach, three- and four-compartment pharmacokinetic models were developed and corresponding calculation programs were created in the C++ programming language for processing and evaluating the results of radionuclide diagnostics and therapy. Various methods for identifying model parameters based on quantitative data from radionuclide studies of the functional state of vital organs are proposed. The results of pharmacokinetic modeling for radionuclide diagnostics of the liver, kidney, and thyroid using iodine-containing radiopharmaceuticals are presented and analyzed. Using clinical and diagnostic data, individual pharmacokinetic parameters of transport of different radiopharmaceuticals in the body (transport constants, half-life periods, maximum activity in the organ and the time of its achievement) were determined. It is shown that the pharmacokinetic characteristics for each patient are strictly individual and cannot be described by averaged kinetic parameters. Within the framework of three pharmacokinetic models, “Activity-time” relationships were obtained and analyzed for different organs and tissues, including for tissues in which the activity of a radiopharmaceutical is impossible or difficult to measure by clinical methods. Also discussed are the features and the results of simulation and dosimetric planning of radioiodine therapy of the thyroid gland. It is shown that the values of absorbed radiation doses are very sensitive to the kinetic parameters of the compartment model. Therefore, special attention should be paid to obtaining accurate quantitative data from ultrasound and thyroid radiometry and identifying simulation parameters based on them. The work is based on the principles and methods of pharmacokinetics. For the numerical solution of systems of differential equations of the pharmacokinetic models we used Runge-Kutta methods and Rosenbrock method. The Hooke-Jeeves method was used to find the minimum of a function of several variables when identifying modeling parameters.
Synthesis and biotical activity of bacterial cellulose 6-(2-phthalimidoethanesulfonate)
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Belousova Zoya P.
Published: February 2021

Bacterial cellulose obtained by culturing Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans in HS environment was converted to sulfonate derivatives using methane-, toluene- and 2-phthalimidoethanesulfonic acids in pyridine. When the ratio of the starting reagents is 1 : 1, the modification of bacterial cellulose according to the primary hydroxyl group of glucopyranose fragments is most likely. The formation of 6-substituted bacterial cellulose derivatives was observed in the reaction mixture. The IR spectra of the reaction products contain absorption bands, which are specific for (O–SO2) group in the region 1377-1338 cm−1 (as), 1178-1154 cm−1 (s), fragments of the corresponding sulfonic acids, as well as free hydroxyl groups of glucopyranose in the region 3495-3382 cm−1. Bacterial cellulose 2-phthalimidoethanesulfonate was dissolved in pyridine. After drying with a desiccant in a desiccator, it turned into a dense transparent film of brown color. The increased molecular film allows to explain the side reaction occurring between the oxo group and fragments of one of the chains of modified cellulose and the non-substituted hydroxymethyl group. The IR spectrum of bacterial cellulose 6-(2-phthalimidoethanesulfonate) contains absorption bands in the region 1711 cm−1, which are specific for (Ar–CO–O) group, and absorption bands in the region 1618 cm−1, which prove the presence of (CO–NH) group. In order to impart antibiotic properties to the bacterial cellulose 6-(2-phthalimido-ethanesulfonate) film, it was physically modified with clotrimazole. The obtained experimental data showed that the films subjected to treatment with a 1% solution of clotrimazole have antibacterial and antifungal effects and prevent the growth of pathogenic microbiota on the wound surface. The exit rates of clotrimazole from the bacterial cellulose 6-(2-phthalimidoethanesulfonate) film and from the pure bacterial cellulose film differed, but only slightly. 2-Phthalimidoethanesulfonate bacterial cellulose films can be used to form composites of effective wound covering, since in addition to the unique properties of bacterial cellulose itself (low allergenicity and adhesion to the wound surface, high hygroscopicity) they will have a regenerating effect.
Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol: recent advances and prospects
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemical Processes, Taghiyevа Shahla Firiddun
Published: February 2021

Carbon dioxide is the main source of the greenhouse effect, causing global warming and climate change. In this regard, in order to avoid more dangerous consequences, the United Nations Conference on Climate Change has emphasized the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by at least half their current value by 2050, aiming to limit the global increase in average temperature to a maximum of 2 °C. Carbon dioxide is emitted mainly from power plants (e.g., coal-based) and vehicles, and other industrial sources contribute to an increase in CO2 emissions. In recent years, the scientific community has begun to view CO2 not as a costly waste, but mainly as a potential carbon alternative to fossils. Therefore, future prospects for reducing carbon dioxide emissions will concern not only the development of more efficient carbon dioxide storage technologies, but also the development of new strategies for CO2 processing in the energetical direction and in chemical intermediate products. In this regard, the conversion of CO2 to methanol has received increased attention, since methanol (CH3OH) is a key raw material for industrial chemicals, which can later be converted to high molecular weight alternative liquid fuels. The review considers works published over the past 10 years on the heterogeneous catalytic conversion of CO2 to methanol. The characteristics of the used catalysts, reaction mechanisms, key technologies and problems of industrial use, prospects for the application of heterogeneous catalytic conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons are discussed.
ТРИ МУЗЕЙНЫХ ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРА И ЭКСПОЗИЦИЯ МУЗЕЕВ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ИСКУССТВА 1970-Х–1990-Х ГОДОВ
Authors: Mikaelyan M. P.
Published: February 2021

В монографии представлен обзор основных тенденций архитектурного формообразования и музеологических концепций 1970-х–1990-х годов. Автор анализирует ряд музеев современного искусства, в проектах которых новаторские архитектурно-конструктивные и экспозиционные решения проявились с особой остротой и наглядностью. Книга адресована широкому кругу читателей, интересующихся музейной проблематикой, а также специалистам в области архитектуры, экспозиционного дизайна, музееведения и культурологии.
De Amerikaanse ziekte
Authors: de Vries Geert
Published: February 2021

Boekbespreking van: Timothy Snyder (2020) Our malady. Lessons in liberty and solidarity.
Berlin 2014-es bűnügyi statisztikája
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: February 2021

The author provides a comarative overview of the 2014 crime statistics in Berlin.
Utilizing integrative taxonomy uncovers a new stygobiotic Caridina species (Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae) from Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Feng Shuo , Chen Qing-Hua , Guo Zhao-Liang
Published: February 2021

Collecting much-needed information on the taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of cave-dwelling shrimp is the foundation for addressing urgent challenges in conservation biodiversity and these fragile ecosystems. Caridina unicolor sp. nov., a new atyid shrimp from an underground stream of Yaoshui Cave, Daqikong scenic area, Libo County, Guizhou Province, southwestern China is described based on morphology and DNA analysis (mitochondrial COI). Caridina unicolor sp. nov. differs from epigean congeners by the variable eye, ranging from reduced to blind; colorless body and appendages; the long stylocerite and sixth abdominal segment; and relatively large eggs. In comparison to other cave species, Caridina unicolor sp. nov. presents a long rostrum and stylocerite; the slender sixth abdominal segment; and the unique shape of appendix masculina. The data on the habitat, ecology, and the levels of threat are provided and suggest that it be categorized as Critically Endangered (CR).
Effect of growth conditions on the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate crystals
Authors: Weintraub Mark V. , Kozlova Nina S. , Zabelina Evgeniya V. , Petrzhik Mikhail I.
Published: February 2021

The effect of growth conditions, anisotropy and polarity of specimens on the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate La3Ta0.5Ga5.5O14 single crystals grown in different atmospheres (argon (Ar), argon with oxygen addition (Ar+(<2%)O2 and Ar+(2%)O2) and air) was studied. The test specimens for the measurements were cut perpendicularly to a 3rd order axis (Z cuts) and in polar directions perpendicular to a 2nd order axis (Y cuts). The polarity of the Y cut specimens was tested by piezoelectric response. The brittleness was evaluated by microindentation at 3, 5, 10 and 25 g loads. The brittleness proved to show itself at a 5 g and the higher loads regardless of growth atmosphere. Therefore microhardness tests were done at loads of within 3 g. The microhardness HV of the specimens was measured with an DM 8B Affri microhardness tester by Vickers methods. The hardness H, elastic modulus E and elastic recovery coefficient R were measured with a Berkovich pyramid on a CSM Nano-Hardness Tester using the instrumented indentation (nanoindentation) method. Growth atmosphere was shown to affect the mechanical properties of lanthanum-gallium tantalate crystals: crystals grown in an oxygen-free argon atmosphere had the lowest microhardness, hardness, elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient. The lowest microhardness was detected in Z cut specimens regardless of growth atmosphere. The mechanical properties of polar Y cuts proved to be anisotropic: the microhardness, hardness, elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient of these cuts were lower for positive cuts than for negative ones regardless of growth atmosphere. Y and Z cut langatate specimens grown in argon with less than two percent oxygen exhibited strong elastic modulus and elastic recovery coefficient anisotropy.
Déterminants des pratiques du lobbying des ONG d’environnement au Bénin
Authors: Worou Houndekon Rosaline Dado
Published: February 2021

Cette recherche vise à analyser les facteurs déterminants des pratiques de lobbying des Organisations Non Gouvernementales d’environnement (ONGE) dans un contexte de pays en développement. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons réalisé une étude mixte combinant à la fois, une approche qualitative et quantitative. L’étude est basée sur un échantillon de 132 individus issus de 22 ONGE. Les résultats mettent en évidence une influence positive des facteurs étudiés sur les pratiques du lobbying des ONGE. Aussi, émerge-t-il de cette étude que l’appartenance politique et le caractère local, national ou international des ONGE sont des déterminants du lobbying des ONGE. Les ONGE nationales doivent œuvrer pour gagner toute leur légitimité et jouer sur des coalitions entre organisations à caractère local, national et international.
Du stress au flow : le coping comme variable intermédiaire
Authors: Ben Sedrine Doghri Sinda , Bouderbala Amel , Ben Hamouda Melek
Published: February 2021

L’objet de cet article est l’étude du stress dans une approche transactionnelle mettant en jeu d’une part le stress perçu par l’individu, au centre la variable intermédiaire de coping (le faire face au stress) et d’autre part le flow (bien-être). L’objectif est d’expliquer le lien entre le stress perçu et la stratégie de coping centrée sur la résolution de problèmes ainsi que le lien entre le coping et le flow susceptible d’être atteint par un individu. Les résultats soutiennent que le contrôle perçu, est positivement lié au coping. Un lien significatif et négatif existe entre la perception de débordement et le coping. Le coping impacte positivement et d’une manière significative les trois dimensions du flow. Ces résultats se joignent aux travaux menés par Folkman, 1982, 1984 ; Koeske et al ., 1993 ; Lazarus, 1993 ainsi que Bruchon-Schweitzer et Dantzer, 1994, qui font apparaître les stratégies centrées sur le problème comme des stratégies efficaces permettant le passage d’un état de stress vers un état de flow.
Relations entre pratiques socio-culturelles, performance et éthique dans le service public : cas d’une administration publique africaine
Authors: Bidi Georges , Bane Mouhamadou Falilou
Published: February 2021

Cet article étudie l’influence des pratiques culturelles sur l’éthique et la performance de la Direction Générale des Impôts et des Domaines (DGID) du Sénégal. Notre étude est qualitative et porte sur des entretiens semi-directifs. Les résultats montrent que les pratiques développées dans cette administration affaiblissent sa performance.
L’impact des différences culturelles sur la réaction des managers face aux pratiques budgétaires : une étude comparative entre la France et le Maroc
Authors: Mohanna Dima
Published: February 2021

L’objectif principal de cette recherche est d’examiner l’effet des différences culturelles sur la réaction des managers face aux pratiques budgétaires. À partir des données obtenues de 226 managers travaillant dans des banques multinationales françaises installées en France et au Maroc, cette recherche montre que les différences dans le niveau d’individualisme et de contrôle de l’incertitude entre la France et le Maroc ont conduit à des différences dans l’attitude des managers face aux mêmes pratiques budgétaires. Plus précisément, les résultats indiquent que les individus dans les pays ayant un niveau élevé d’individualisme et un fort contrôle de l’incertitude comme la France se sentent plus à l’aise avec l’utilisation des règles formelles, sont moins impliqués dans les processus de budgétisation et favorisent moins l’utilisation des données budgétaires pour l’évaluation de leur performance que les individus dans les pays à faibles niveaux de ces deux dimensions culturelles comme le Maroc. En revanche, les résultats de cette recherche montrent qu’il n’existe pas de différences significatives entre la réaction des managers français et marocains en ce qui concerne leur propension à créer du slack budgétaire.
Les grandes institutions publiques françaises d’enseignement face au défi de l’égalité des chances. Le cas de l’Institut pratique du journalisme de l’université Paris-Dauphine | PSL
Authors: Colisson Pascale , Chanlat Jean-François
Published: February 2021

La question des inégalités à l’accès dans l’enseignement supérieur n’est pas une question nouvelle en France. Car la formation des élites françaises s’inscrit au bout d’une longue chaîne d’inégalités successives. Depuis quelques années, certaines institutions supérieures ont toutefois voulu répondre à cette question en développant de nouveaux dispositifs pour améliorer l’accessibilité des jeunes venant de milieux modestes et de zones socialement défavorisées. C’est de ce phénomène social dont nous allons rendre compte dans cet article. Cette réflexion, en s’appuyant sur un certain nombre de données existantes et d’études de cas recueillies en France, au cours des dernières années, cherche à enrichir le débat qui a cours autour de la question de l’accessibilité de l’enseignement supérieur dans l’Hexagone et de sa démocratisation. A partir de plusieurs types de données, nous chercherons à montrer tout particulièrement comment cette réflexion s’est développée au sein d’une école de journalisme, IPJ Paris-Dauphine, lors d’un processus de labellisation, au prisme d’une double responsabilité, celle de l’accès à la formation au journalisme pour les étudiants, et celle de la spécificité d’une école qui forme à la fabrication de l’information et à ses représentations. Nous verrons comment ce cas illustre bien la dynamique propre à la gestion de la diversité dans une institution française d’enseignement supérieur.
Entre mission et marché : la diversité, enjeu stratégique des grandes écoles de management françaises ?
Authors: Meyer Maryline , Joly Cédrine , Jaeck Mélanie , Marais Magalie
Published: February 2021

Cet article propose d’analyser les politiques de diversité mises en place par les Grandes Ecoles de management (business schools ) françaises dans une dimension stratégique et se focalise plus spécifiquement sur les écoles de milieu classement, fortement soumises à des enjeux de concurrence et de différentiation sur leurs marchés. Nous explorons dans quelle mesure une politique de diversité peut permettre de concilier les logiques économique et sociale de ces organisations hybrides. A partir d’une étude qualitative exploratoire réalisée auprès de sept Grandes Ecoles de management, nous mettons en évidence les orientations actuellement prises par les politiques de diversité des business schools et la manière dont ces politiques articulent des logiques institutionnelles multiples. Nos résultats concluent à une appropriation à géométrie variable par les business schools étudiées de la diversité et de ses enjeux associés qui dépendrait de l’engagement des dirigeants et de la gouvernance sur ces questions. Nous montrons que pour les écoles ayant intégré la diversité à leur mission et à leur stratégie, la réconciliation entre les logiques économique et sociale passe par le renforcement de la réputation et de l’attractivité de ces écoles, par la réponse à la recherche de sens des étudiants mais aussi à l’amélioration de l’insertion professionnelle de ces derniers. Deux tensions associées à la combinaison de ces logiques ressortent par ailleurs de nos cas : une tension entre la diversité et l’excellence académique, d’une part, et une tension entre la diversité et la rentabilité économique, d’autre part.
Problèmes et enjeux de l’accueil d’étudiants étrangers sur les campus universitaires : diversité, exclusion, inclusion et cosmopolitanisme
Authors: Baruel Bencherqui Dominique , Beau Gaëlle , Bazin Yoann
Published: February 2021

Cet article s’inscrit dans une tradition d’ evidence-based management selon laquelle les actions et décisions se doivent d’être informées et enrichies par les résultats de la recherche académique. Ainsi, face à l’augmentation tendancielle du nombre d’étudiants étrangers sur les campus français (pour des raisons présentées en première partie), il nous semble essentiel de regarder comment la littérature questionne la gestion de la diversité culturelle dans les salles de classe comme sur les campus en matière d’intégration et d’inclusion face à la diversité culturelle apportée par les étudiants étrangers. Face aux nouveaux défis engendrés par ces évolutions, nous présentons dans une seconde partie des pistes de réflexions et de solutions esquissées dans les travaux de recherche pour répondre aux constats et problématiques identifiés précédemment. Ces recherches d’amélioration des conditions d’accueil et d’intégration des étudiants étrangers pourraient permettre à nos campus de s’engager sur la voie du cosmopolitanisme. Ils deviendraient ainsi des lieux de rencontres et de négociations continues par lesquelles une culture et une communauté émergeraient en permanence dans le respect des altérités, et permettraient d’éviter en partie les problématiques d’exclusion et de discrimination.
Le projet MultiDES : premières réflexions sur la synonymie et étude de cas de synonymie translangue
Authors: Smith Chris
Published: February 2021

Cet article propose une étude de cas de synonymie translangue, dans le cadre du projet d’extension à l’anglais du Dictionnaire électronique des synonymes ( DES ) du Centre de recherches inter-langues sur la signification en contexte (CRISCO). Le choix d’une paire d’adjectifs de couleur vert et green , ayant un sens primaire universel, permet de faire un premier test des espaces sémantiques combinés des deux adjectifs vedettes. Cette étude sera donc construite en quatre parties. La première partie fait le point sur le DES existant et le projet MultiDES. Une deuxième partie se concentre sur la synonymie comme accès au sens lexical. La troisième partie introduit l’étude du cas de la synonymie translangue à partir des adjectifs de couleur vert et green . Les synonymes de l’anglais sont générés et les relations synonymiques calculées et représentées dans un graphe d’adjacence combiné afin de visualiser les zones de recoupement interlangue ainsi que les zones de disparité. Un espace sémantique est alors proposé pour visualiser comment celui-ci représente les distances sémantiques entre les synonymes translangues, confirmant les spécialisations sémantiques distinctes des lexèmes vert et green . Enfin, dans une quatrième partie, les résultats obtenus sont mis à l’épreuve sur un corpus, à l’aide d’une analyse sémantique distributionnelle. Une étude des collexèmes des adjectifs vert-vigoureux et green-vigorous permet de tester si les proximités sémantiques sont équivalentes. Les résultats confirment l’existence d’importantes variations d’usage de paires de synonymes selon les corpus.
La synonymie dans les reformulations à l’oral et à l’écrit spontanés
Authors: Eshkol-Taravella Iris
Published: February 2021

Cette étude met au centre de ses recherches des données authentiques où la synonymie se produit d’une manière spontanée. La démarche se situe dans le domaine de la linguistique de corpus. Son objectif est d’étudier la synonymie prise au sens large dans les reformulations introduites à l’aide de trois marqueurs, c’est-à-dire , je veux dire , disons , et réalisées dans deux corpus : des entretiens oraux transcrits et des discussions en ligne issues d’un forum. La synonymie est vue ici de différents points de vue : l’utilisation des marqueurs de reformulation paraphrastique, l’apparition de synonymes dans les deux segments reformulés et, enfin, à travers la notion de paraphrase considérée dans ce travail comme un sous-type de reformulation.
Development of Android-based harmonic oscillation pocket book for senior high school students
Authors: Bani Marsi , Masruddin Masruddin
Published: February 2021

A research has been conducted to develop a physic learning media in form of android-based pocket book. We designed Harmonic Oscillation pocket book and test its feasibility and effectiveness in improving cognitive learning outcomes of students. This study using research and development method adapted from ADDIE model. The results revealed that this software has been successfully developed and is very feasible to be used as a physics learning media. This Android-based Harmonic Oscillation pocket book is effective in enhancing students cognitive learning outcomes and students showed positive tendency response toward the software.
The boundary between “Judaism” and “Aryanism”: Anti-Semitic logic, litigation, and bureaucratic practices relating to the classification of “half-Jews” in Occupied France (1940-1944)
Authors: Joly Laurent
Published: February 2021

Under the Occupation, the French Jewish Statute made no provisions for an intermediary status for individuals of mixed heritage (who the administration called “half-Jews”), to the contrary of Nazi legislation in Germany. Consequently, there were no first- or second-degree mixed-heritage people in France; one was either Jewish or not. But the criteria for defining whether or not “half-Jews” were of “the Jewish race” varied between German and French texts, case law, and the practices of specialized bureaucrats. The boundary between “Jewish” and “non-Jewish” was tenuous, often arbitrary, and shaped by religious affiliation, a divorce, a marriage, or other fact of life. Being classified on the “good” or “bad” side of the “barricade” (according to the formulation of George Montandon, the ethno-racial expert of the Paris Prefecture of Police and the Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs [CGQJ]) was very often a matter of life or death. The administration (mainly the “Jewish Service” of the Prefecture of Police and the CGQJ) and the courts had to rule on thousands of “ambiguous cases.” The CGQJ delivered over 11,000 “Certificates of Non-Belonging to the Jewish Race” after painstaking investigations. This article considers the categories that agents of the State used to sort out these borderline cases, and tries to understand the root causes of this dogged quest to determine the legal and political boundary between “Jew” and “non-Jew.”
Reconstructing the Catholic Church and Restituting the Power of the Sovereign: The Clergy in the Composite Monarchy of the Habsburgs during the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Ducreux Marie-Élizabeth
Published: February 2021

Can Catholic clergy be considered as a social, political, and even pastoral category, reconstructed within certain historical and historiographical circumstances, outside of its ecclesiological definition? Are the clergy a body or a social group whose overarching identity would erase differences of situations and constraints? The present article explores this avenue in the framework of the composite monarchy of the Habsburgs in seventeenth-century Central Europe. It will take into account the scales of interactions and conflicts between actors and structures. It will also draw attention to the effects of the clergy’s double-allegiance to the Catholic Church and to a local political body. In each land composing this monarchy, then, the question arises of the existence of a category that is also a border, constitutional or statutory, that historians and jurists readily perceive as stable: that of the political representation of the clergy as a body. At the end of the fifteenth or at the beginning of the sixteenth century, all the lands over which the younger branch of the Habsburgs were to find themselves reigning, from 1526 on, possessed their own diet, each with its own dynamics and particularities, with its own history. As practices and rules differed, this clergy of a composite monarchy is therefore taken here as a transversal object, indissociably linked to local settings in which its members’ possibilities of action lay.
Self-Regulated Learning in Students of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Southeast Regional University (Oaxaca, Mexico)
Authors: García-Montalvo I. A.
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Self-regulated learning is identified as an active, independent, autonomous, critical, adaptive, reflective and strategic process, to achieve comprehensive training, continuous selfimprovement, self-determination, autonomy and update itself permanently. The objective of this work is to analyze the self-regulation strategies of undergraduate students assigned to the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the Southeast Regional University for the 2019-2020 school year. Methodology: This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study, the sample was obtained through a simple random sampling among students from first to fifth year, with substitution of exclusion elements, the instrument used was the adapted Torre questionnaire (2016) and validated for this study. Results: Study subjects demonstrated adequate metacognitive awareness, control and verification, in addition to having active processing during classes, however, they present little effort in performing tasks, which leads us to establish recommendations for the educational practice that reinforces above all the teaching of these strategies in the university environment of health sciences. Conclusion: The undergraduate students of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the Southeast Regional University are clear about what self-regulated learning is mainly in students of more advanced years or who have already begun to contact the clinical area, unlike the students of the first years where behavioral strategies are still perceived.
Primary Healthcare Strengthening through Distance Education for Health Professionals
Authors: Karunathilake I. M. , Bandara J. , Attygalle D. , Gunawardena C. N. , Egodage T. , Chandrasena U.
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Primary Health Care is proven to be a highly effective and efficient way to address poor health and well-being. Despite its achievements Sri Lanka’s PHC System, specialized for preventive and curative actions, is increasingly under pressure due to chronic and non-communicable diseases. Developing the broad range of skills necessary for medical practice in the existing PHC settings should be achieved through continuous professional development. A distant learning programme through eLearning is a model solution to expand the existing boundaries for CPD. Methods: Sri Lanka Medical Association, Ministry of Health, Primary Healthcare System Strengthening Project and World Bank have collaboratively worked as key stakeholders to develop and implement a course for capacity building among the medical professionals. The first phase of the course was developed with 6 priority modules consisting of Ministry of Health approved content conjoined with digital material. Participants were provided with additional resources. The course was evaluated by assessing user involvement and users’ perception towards the course. The course reflected a positive involvement for majority of modules and a generally positive feedback despite the response rate being considerably low. Discussion: Vulnerabilities in the system could be identified including shortcomings of the system, instructors and learning material, and administration issues. Including diverse course materials, provision of incentives for participation, training resource persons and other recommendations may allow better distance learning experience with desired outcomes. Conclusion: Distance learning through an eLearning platform is an ideal way to address CPD in PHC through timely modules, appropriate learning material, user friendly interface, efficient evaluation methods, and an effective system improving procedure. This course has enabled medical professional to develop their insights in PHC, however the shortcomings should not be neglected.
TSC1 Suppresses Macrophage Necroptosis for the Control of Infection by Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans
Authors: Li Tiantian , Xie Yadong , Shi Lei , Sun Yumeng , Wen Jing , Deng Zihou , Zhang Haibing , Li Huabin , Yang Jinbo , Xiao Hui
Published: February 2021

Candida albicans is the most common, opportunistic human fungal pathogen whose complex interplay with the host innate immune system remains incompletely understood. In this study, we revealed that infection macrophages with C. albicans triggers prominent cell death, which is largely attributed to the RIPK3/MLKL–mediated necroptosis. Our results further demonstrated that the TSC1-mTOR pathway plays a pivotal role in the control of macrophage necroptosis upon engaging the Dectin-1/2 and TLR-2/4 pathways through fungal components β-glucan/α-mannan or Sel1, respectively. Notably, the rapamycin-sensitive mTORC1 pathway, rather than the rapamycin-insensitive mTORC2 pathway, was responsible for elevated activation of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL in TSC1-deficient macrophages. Following systemic infection with C. albicans, mice with macrophage/neutrophil–specific deletion of Tsc1 (Tsc1M/N−/−) showed heightened fungal burden in multiple organs, such as the kidney, liver, and spleen, severe morbidity, and mortality. Notably, Tsc1M/N−/− kidneys exhibited prominent cell death and concomitant loss of tissue-resident macrophages, which likely contributing to a dampened phagocytosis of fungal pathogens. Together, our data demonstrate a crucial role for the TSC1-mTOR pathway in the regulation of macrophage necroptosis and suggest that both Dectin- and TLRs-induced necroptosis may undermine the immune defense effector functions of these innate receptors during C. albicans infection.
Overpressure detection from geophysical, drilling and well testing data for petroleum exploration wells in the Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin, Yukon and Northwest Territories
Authors: Hu K , Issler D R , Chen Z
Published: February 2021

A comprehensive database consisting of geophysical data, drilling mud weights, and subsurface temperature, and formation pressure measurements was compiled and utilized to detect the depth to top of overpressure for the petroleum exploration wells in the
Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin. One hundred and fifty-two depths to the top of overpressure were determined for 112 wells by using geophysical methods, supplemented with drilling and geothermal data. The majority of overpressure picks were confirmed using measured pore fluid pressure data. An additional
36 wells are believed to be too shallow to have penetrated an underlying overpressured zone. Composite plots for each well are presented graphically with wireline logs, well seismic velocities, mud weights, and borehole temperatures to illustrate the geophysical, drilling and geothermal responses
and their correlations with well testing data, thus providing multi-parameter evidence for an integrated interpretation of overpressure distribution.
Overpressure interpretations were ranked based on the availability and quality of the various types of data, as well as the reliability of the different methods used. Among the geophysical data that are good indicators of overpressure occurrences, shale sonic transit-time (and transformed porosity)
and continuous sonic velocity are preferred because of the abundance of these data and the sensitivity of rock acoustic properties to porosity and stress. Mud weights provide an upper estimate of in situ pore pressure because of the need to approximately balance formation pressures during drilling;
interpretations based on mud weights are mostly consistent with the results from geophysical data and measured fluid pressures from well tests. The interpreted depth to the top of overpressure varies from <1000 to over 4500 m (GL/SL) and is largely confined to undercompacted sediments in
the central-northern delta and offshore areas. Overpressure occurs predominantly within the Paleogene Aklak, Taglu, Richards, and Kugmallit sequences, but can reach the base of the Plio-Pleistocene Iperk Sequence in wells on the outer shelf in the deep-water region of the Beaufort Sea. Our refined
interpretations of overpressure occurrence in exploration wells provide key control points for more detailed mapping and modelling of overpressures in the basin.
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the vitiligo specific quality of life instrument (VitiQoL)
Authors: Zhao Hui , Zhao Na , Zhou Bingni , Chen Guo , Wang Yaru , Zhang Huimin , Lin Yan , Liu Huaxu , Kundu Roopal V. , Yang Baoqi
Published: February 2021

Background:

Vitiligo is an acquired, idiopathic skin disorder that can significantly affect the health-related quality of life (QoL). The vitiligo-specific QoL instrument (VitiQoL), recently developed by an American group, was found to be a reliable patient-reported outcome measure in both Brazilian and Iranian patients.

Methods:

The VitiQoL was initially cross-culturally adapted to Chinese through forward-backward translation. The Chinese version of the VitiQoL was then distributed to 182 vitiligo patients together with the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and Skindex-16 questionnaire. Then, the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the VitiQoL was assessed by statistical analysis.

Results:

The Chinese version of the VitiQoL showed high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.958) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.887). Convergent validity testing showed that the correlation coefficient for the Chinese VitiQoL and DLQI was 0.70 (P < 0.01), the Chinese VitiQoL and Skindex-16 each was 0.84 (P < 0.01), and for the Chinese VitiQoL (questions 1–15 and 16) was 0.62 (P < 0.01). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed two important factors within the VitiQoL: Participation limitation and stigma.

Conclusion:

The Chinese version of the VitiQoL questionnaire has sufficient reliability and validity to be used to evaluate Chinese vitiligo patients' QoL.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown on ocular trauma at a tertiary eye care institute
Authors: Agrawal Deepanshu , Parchand Swapnil , Agrawal Deepshikha , Chatterjee Samrat , Gangwe Anil , Mishra Mihir , Sahu Anupam
Published: February 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the national lockdown on the demographic and clinical profile of patients presenting with ocular trauma.

Methods:

In this retrospective, hospital-based, comparative analysis, patients presenting to the emergency department with ocular trauma in the following COVID-19 period (March 25, 2020 to July 31, 2020) were compared with patients in the pre-COVID-19 period (March 25, 2019 to July 31, 2019).

Results:

Overall, 242 patients (COVID-19 period: 71 and pre-COVID-19 period: 171) presented with ocular trauma. The mean age of the patients in COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods were 26.7 ± 17.3 and 34.1 ± 20.3 years, respectively (P = 0.008). A majority of patients (68.6%) in both groups were from the rural background. Home-related injuries were common in the COVID-19 period (78.8%) as compared to pre-COVID-19 period (36.4%) (P < 0.0001). Iron particles (29.5%) were the common inflicting agents in the COVID-19 period while it was plant leaves (25.5%) in the pre-COVID-19 period. The most common ocular diagnosis was open globe injury (40.8%) in the COVID-19 period and microbial keratitis (47.9%) in the pre-COVID-19 period. Surgical intervention was required in 46.4% of patients in the COVID-19 period and 32.1% of patients in the pre-COVID-19 period (P = 0.034).

Conclusion:

During the COVID-19 period, there was a significant decline in the number of patients presenting with ocular trauma. In this period, a majority of patients sustained ocular trauma in home-settings. About half the patients required surgical intervention which was most commonly rendered in the form of primary wound repair.
Adie-Holmes syndrome associated with COVID-19 ınfection
Authors: Kaya Tutar Nurhan , Kale Nilufer , Tugcu Betül
Published: February 2021

With increasing experience, it has been suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 virus has a neurotropic effect. Here, we present a case of a tonic pupil who developed after COVID-19 infection. A 36-year-old woman presented with progressive photophobia and blurred vision. On neurological examination, loss of deep tendon reflexes accompanying a tonic pupil was detected and brain MR imaging was normal. With this case, we aimed to describe a rare pattern of neurological involvement caused by the possible SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Recenti esperienze di lotta agli incendi boschivi in Provincia di Firenze. Un modello organizzativo da estendere
Authors: Bartolozzi Luigi , Ignesti Stefano , Nencioni Lorenzo , Cacciatore Irene
Published: February 2021

The current AIB (Anti Incendi Boschivi - Forest Fire Fighting) organization in Tuscany and the Florence Province experiences in year 2017 were the starting points for optimization in forest fire prevention and control activities. The thematic database covered the 2012-2017 period, and the following variables were considered: number of fire events; burned wooded area and total area affected by flames. In 2017, the highest number of fire events were observed, while in average the fire affected area per event was lower than what recorded in less critical years. Besides the combination of several factors and circumstances, these results indicated the high-quality standard, in terms both of effectiveness and efficiency, achieved by the AIB regional organization. The current organizational model is the result of the year-long experience gained over time, and includes the participation of several Public Administration Institutions and Voluntary Associations in fire-fighting activities: in our opinion, resulting in a successful example of forest fire organization model. Our synthesis will introduce the Florence Group Carabinieri Foresters current control and prevention activities to forest fire fighting. In particular, the main methodologies will be presented covering the themes of (i) prevention and fire control operations; (ii) patrolling in operational readiness in order to ensure an immediate assessment of fire causes; (iii) investigation layout for the “Fire Event Dossiers - Fascicolo Eventi Incendi, (FEI), and (iv) fire fighting checks and investigation activities. Finally, some ideas and critical points - stemming from our professional experiences - will be brought to attention with the aim of improving the several different aspects - including the legal ones - relevant for reducing fire-affected areas in Tuscany, including landscape classification in terms of fire danger exposure and identification of those meteorological conditions, that will predispose the occurrence of the most serious events. In conclusion, most of the here-proposed evaluations highlight the importance of prevention together with the fire-fighting activities. The key-point - to be deeper investigated together with the Tuscany Region - concerns the analysis of events, which will help to determine fire-event causes and to ascertain possible interrelations and operational strategies.