bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiome diversity in raw milk from Comisana and Lacaune sheep and microbial evolution during artisanal Pecorino-like cheese
Authors: Luziatelli Francesca , Abou Jaudé Renée , Melini Francesca , Melini Valentina , Ruzzi Maurizio
Published: April 2024

“Pecorino” is a typical semi-hard cheese obtained with raw or heat-treated sheep milk using procedures to valorize the raw material's chemical and microbiological properties. In the present study, using a high throughput method of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed the evolution of the microbiome composition from milk to Pecorino cheese in artisanal processes using milk from Comisana and Lacaune sheep breeds. The comparative analysis of the bacterial com-munity composition revealed significant differences in the presence and abundance of specific taxa in the milk microbiome of the Comisana and Lacaune breeds. NGS analysis also revealed differences in the curd microbiome related to dairy farming practices, which have a relevant effect on the final structure of the Pecorino-cheese microbiome.
Effect of Sex, Age and Temperature on the Functional Response of Macrolophus pygmaeus Ramber and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae), on Eggs of Tuta absoluta
Authors: Yiacoumi Eleni , Kouloussis Nikos A. , Koveos Dimitrios S.
Published: April 2024

The predatory mirids Macrolophus pygmaeus Ramber and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae) are used for the biological control of Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lep.: Gelechiidae) and other pests in tomato greenhouses. The functional response of 1 (young) and 10 (old) days old adult females and males of M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis on eggs of T. absoluta, was determined on tomato at two temperatures (20° and 25°C) and LD 16:8 and found to be Type II. M. pygmaeus females exhibited higher predation efficiency, than males at both tested temperatures. Young M. pygmaeus females had a higher efficiency than old ones, whereas males had a low efficiency irrespective of age. The predation efficiency of N. tenuis was high (but lower than M. pygmaeus) in both young females and males, although old females had a higher efficiency than the respective males. Our results show that the two predatory species have different functional response characteristics to their prey depending mainly on sex and age which may affect their role as biological control agents.
Evolving Biomarkers in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Salvadori Maurizio , rosati alberto , Rosso Giuseppina
Published: April 2024

Abstract Precision medicine is essentially based on reliable and non-invasive biomarkers. Aim of this review has been to describe the newest biomarkers in the field of kidney transplantation and the kidney rejection, one of the commonest and severe complications. Standard of care tools to identify acute rejection are largely full of errors and of drawbacks. In recent years new and reliable biomarkers have been found. They are avoid of risks, non-invasive and able to detect rejection even in those frequent cases in which acute rejection are clinically asymptomatic and not otherwise identifiable. In recent years several biomarkers have been identified. Very recently have been found new relevant biomarkers able to diagnose rejection with high positive predictive value and low negative predictive value. These are the donor derived cell free DNA found in the recipient, the gene expression profile of the donor found in the recipient and the urinary cytokines that express modification in the graft tissue. The aim of this study has been to find the most recent findings in the literature on this topic and to describe the utility and possible limitation of such new biomarkers on kidney rejection.
Globospiramine Exhibits Inhibitory and Fungicidal Effects against Candida albicans via Apoptotic Mechanisms
Authors: Manzano Joe Anthony H. , Brogi Simone , Calderone Vincenzo , Macabeo Allan Patrick G. , Austriaco Nicanor
Published: April 2024

Candidiasis is considered an emerging public health concern because of the occurrence of drug-resistant Candida strains and the lack of available structurally diverse antifungal drug armamentariums. The indole alkaloid globospiramine from the anticandidal Philippine medicinal plant Voacanga globosa exhibits a variety of biological activities; however, its antifungal properties remain to be explored. In this study, we report the in vitro antifungal activities of globospiramine against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis and explore its possible target proteins using in silico methods. The colony-forming unit (CFU) viability assay revealed time- and concentration-dependent anticandidal effects of the alkaloid by decreasing almost 50% of the viable CFUs 60 min after treatment. Results of the MIC and MFC assays indicated inhibitory and fungicidal effects of globospiramine against C. albicans (MIC = 8 µg/mL; MFC = 4 µg/mL) and potential fungistatic effects against C. tropicalis at lower concentrations (MIC = 4 µg/mL; MFC > 64 µg/mL). The FAM-FLICA poly-caspase assay showed metacaspase activation in C. albicans cells at concentrations of 16 and 8 µg/mL, which agreed with the MIC and MFC values. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation experiments indicated stable, strong binding of globospiramine with the target proteins 1,3-β-glucan synthase and Als3 adhesin enzymes, which are indirectly involved in apoptotic-driven candidal inhibition.
Quantum Correlations with Independent Photons—Reply to ‘Quantum Information with Entangled Photons’
Authors: Vatarescu Andre
Published: April 2024

Quantum Rayleigh scattering of single photons rules out coincident detections of the originally entangled, paired photons Correlations between independent states of qubits can easily outperform those calculated with entangled photons. The quantum joint probability for a Bell state can be factorized enabling a local detection of the alleged quantum nonlocality, if it existed.
Innovation at the Intersection: Emerging Translational Research in Neurology and Psychiatry
Authors: Tanaka Masaru , Battaglia Simone , Giménez-Llort Lydia , Chen Chong , Hepsomali Piril , Avenanti Alessio , Vécsei László
Published: April 2024

The editorial explores the realm of emerging translational research in neurology and psychiatry, providing insights into various subjects, including neurodegenerative disorders and innovative therapeutic methods. The main objective is to study neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, with a particular emphasis on techniques for neural regeneration and repair. The editorial highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive approach to studying and treating complex neurological and psychiatric conditions. This involves thoroughly reviewing research papers on the causes, development, biomarkers, and treatment options for these conditions. The editorial emphasizes the necessity of using multidisciplinary and integrative methods to gain a deeper understanding and improve the treatment of these conditions. The development of an animal model for recurrent primary dysmenorrhea showcases the innovative techniques employed in the investigation of gynecological disorders, illustrating the capacity of translational research to connect fundamental scientific knowledge with practical medical applications. The cooperative endeavors of researchers and clinicians emphasized in this editorial lay the foundation for revolutionary advancements that hold the potential to enhance outcomes for individuals afflicted with neurological and psychiatric disorders globally.
From Mind to Plate to Pillow: Examining the Interplay of Mental Health, Eating Disorders, and Sleep Quality
Authors: Christodoulou Efstratios , Markopoulou Verra , Koutelidakis Antonios E.
Published: April 2024

In the contemporary accelerated pace of life, emphasizing the importance of sleep quality is essential for enhancing overall well-being and health. This study investigates the link between poor sleep quality and key factors affecting wellness, such as mental health and eating disorders. Through a cross-sectional analysis involving 407 participants, utilizing established measures including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS), and the single-item Sleep Quality Scale (SQS), data was collected and analyzed using SPSS v28 and R-Statistics. The findings reveal a significant correlation (p<0.05) between DASS-21, EDE-QS, and SQS, indicating that individuals experiencing poor sleep quality exhibit higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression analysis highlights low sleep quality as a risk factor for both mental health (OR: 1.071, 95% CI: 1.042, 1.102, p<0.05, low vs. high sleep quality), and eating disorders (OR: 1.047, 95% CI: 1.004, 1.092, p<0.05, low vs. high sleep quality). Overall, these results underscore the critical role of sleep quality in mental health and suggest insomnia as a predictive factor for both poor mental well-being and disordered eating habits. Further research through randomized controlled trials is warranted to validate the findings of this cross-sectional study.
Experimental Setup for Evaluating Depth Sensors in Augmented Reality Technologies Used in Medical Devices
Authors: Stadnytskyi Valentyn , Ghammraoui Bahaa
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we introduce a specialized, fully automated experimental arrangement designed for assessing the effectiveness of augmented and virtual reality technologies in healthcare setting and explore its design principles focusing on depth sensor characterization. The main goal of this project is to establish a robust benchtop platform for the quantitative evaluation of extended reality technologies in a controlled environment, emphasizing the practical assessment of augmented reality head-mounted devices. We outline a design concept and considerations for an experimental configuration aimed at creating a realistic testing environment. This apparatus comprises an observation platform mounted on a three-degree-of-freedom motorized system and a test phantom stage. Focusing on real-case scenarios, we utilized a range of sensors, including readily available range-sensing cameras and commercial augmented reality headsets, such as the Intel RealSense L515 LiDAR camera, mounted on the motion control system. The setup enabled automated data collection and facilitates controlled assessments and validation of various facets of augmented reality technologies, including object, hand, and head tracking, as well as static and dynamic image registration. This paper describes the system architecture, the process of automated data collection, and presents several evaluation studies conducted with this setup, providing insights into the quality and temporal noise associated with static or moving objects or observers in augmented reality applications.
Interactions Between Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals and Surfaces: An Ellipsometric Study
Authors: Gong Xiaoyu , Ismail Md Farhad , Boluk Yaman
Published: April 2024

The tailoring of the surface properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to meet various requirements in environmental, food, and material areas has always been of great interest. In this study, the surface chemistry of CNCs was noncovalently modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), followed by characterizations and an application as a coating material for interfacial interaction investigation over various substrates. Due to the CTAB modification, the surface charge of the CNCs was neutralized, resulting in an increased size of each nanocrystal at the aqueous status and the aggregated microfibers when dried up. The CTAB modification not only decreased the crystallinity of the samples from 48.57% to 9.12% but also hydrophobized the CNCs and decreased their total surface energy. Finally, the adsorption behavior of the CNCs and CTAB-CNCs over nonionic, anionic, and cationic polymers was investigated by ellipsometry. Based on the thickness of the CNC and CTAB-CNC layers over 2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and polyethyleneimine (PEI), we proposed that the adsorption behavior was overall influenced by electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces and the thickness of the adsorbed layers could be impacted by both the surface charge and the size of the crystals.
Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Living Stump and Reinforcement Mechanism of Slope
Authors: Jiang Xueliang , Liu Wenjie , Yang Hui , Wang Haodong , Li Zhenyu
Published: April 2024

As a new plant slope protection technology, living stumps can effectively improve slope stability. The current study attemptes to investigate the mechanical characteristics of the root system of living stumps and their reinforcement mechanism on slopes by carrying out a three-dimensional living stump slope modeling test. Using ABS materials, a 3D model of a living elm stump was created by 3D printing and a slope model test was carried out. The reinforcement mechanism of the living stump was studied through a combination of model testing and numerical simulation. The results indicate that, due to the presence of living stumps in the lower and middle parts of the slope, the maximum shear stress area of the soil moved to a deeper direction. The stress state of the soil around the living stump was effectively improved due to the existence of the lateral root system.Living stumps in the lower part of the slope cross the potential sliding surface and transferred the soil shear stress gradually to the root system through root-soil interaction. Moreover, the tap roots and lateral roots of living stumps form a robust spatial structure that bears the shear stress of soil together, thus increasing the stability of the slope.
Puzzling Regulation of Interferon Signaling System by p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein
Authors: Będzińska Agnieszka , Łasut-Szyszka Barbara , Krześniak Małgorzata , Gdowicz-Kłosok Agnieszka , Rusin Marek
Published: April 2024

The p53 tumor suppressor protein shows antiviral activity. The replication of viruses is also antagonized by interferons (IFNs) – cytokines, which control immunity genes by the STAT transcription factors. The best studied interferons belong to type I (e.g. IFNα) and type II (IFNγ) groups. IFNα and IFNγ both induce activating phosphorylation of STAT1 on Tyr701. Previously, we noticed that p53 activates SOCS1, which is a negative regulator of STAT1 phosphorylation. Thus, we hypothesized that p53 by activating SOCS1 expression reduces phosphorylation of STAT1 and attenuates activation of genes stimulated either by IFNα or IFNγ. To test this hypothesis, we exposed p53-proficient and p53-deficient cells to strong p53 activators, and either to IFNα or IFNγ. Subsequently, we estimated the phosphorylation status of STAT1 and the expression of genes regulated by either of these cytokines. Strong activation of p53 reduced the phosphorylation of STAT1 on Tyr701, however surprisingly it did not lead to reduced expression of most tested interferon-stimulated genes. On contrary, p53 and IFNγ synergized in the activation of CASP1, IFIT1 and IFIT3 genes. We conclude that the interactions between p53 and interferon-activated pathways are more complicated than initially expected, but the apparent cooperation between p53 and IFNγ deserves further studies.
Blood plasma lipidomic profile in atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries
Authors: Lomonosova Anastasiia , Gognieva Daria , Suvorov Aleksandr , Silantiev Artemy , Abasheva Alina , Vasina Yana , Abdullaev Magomed , Nartova Anna , Eroshchenko Nikolay , Komarov Roman , Dzyundzya Andrey , Shchekochikhin Dmitry , Kopylov Philipp
Published: April 2024

According to the World Health Organisation ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world. More frequent it is caused by brachiocephalic arteries (BCA) atherosclerosis. Timely detection of the atherosclerosis and it`s unstable course can allow a timely response to potentially dangerous changes and reduce the risk of vascular complications. Omics technologies allow us to identify new biomarkers that we can use in diagnosing diseases. The research included 90 blood plasma samples. The first group - 52 patients with severe atherosclerotic lesions, second group - 38 patients with no BCA atherosclerosis. Targeted and panoramic lipidomic profiling of blood plasma was carried out. There is a statistically significant difference (р
Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma in an Early 18th Century South German Abbot—Interdisciplinary Research Reveals Clues to His Final Disease History
Authors: Nerlich Andreas G. , Panzer Stephanie , Lehn Christine , Hamann Christian , Donell Simon T. , Peschel Oliver K.
Published: April 2024

This interdisciplinary investigation of the human remains of Balduin Helm, one of the most important abbots of Fürstenfeld monastery, provides novel information on that historic individual. This is particularly interesting since Balduin, during early 18th century, was involved in the renovation of this large Bavarian monastery. Metastatic prostate cancer was found as evidenced by multiple mixed osteolytic-osteoblastic bone lesions in all available vertebral bodies, fragments of both hemipelvises and isolated metastases in skull bones. Distribution, radio- and histomorphology, and especially the immunohistochemical detection of prostate-specific antigen in those metastases, definitively confirm this diagnosis. Further investigation, especially by stable isotope analysis, showed a balanced high-level diet with considerable contribution from animal protein and significant freshwater fish. These additional findings suggest a significant radiocarbon reservoir effect as an explanation for a “too old” radiocarbon dating. Finally, the obviously high-level protein diet may have contributed to the tumorigenesis which caused the death of the abbot at an advanced age.
Instrumental Analysis of Aquatic Organic Pollutants and Its Association with the Spread of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: XIE YUNXUAN , Elsheikh Mohammad
Published: April 2024

The eutrophication of open water bodies, especially in coastal water area, has received intensive public focuses in recent years. Biological treatment of organic pollutants in industrial and domestic wastewater requires microbial flora to participate. The environmental impact of these microbes, particularly in regard to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenicity in coastal water, remains largely unknown. We initiate studies to examine antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in microbial flora and study the mode of antibiotic spread in the coastal waters of Bohai Bay, North China by using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The metabolic features of bacteria related to the presence of ARGs in the coastal area showed the enrichment of Pseudomonadale species with triple resistance properties (ampicillin, kanamycin and gentamycin) at the estuary site locating adjacent to a coastal sewage treatment plant where both type I and type II polyketide synthase genes and b-lactam type antibiotics are detected. Pseudomonadale order is phylogenetically belonged to Proteobacteria Phylum, Gamma-proteobacteria Class and contains Pseudomonadaceae family and Pseudomonas genus. QPCR analysis suggests that the percent occupation of Pseudomonadale species to total Proteobacteria in the examined stations is close to several sampling stations close to sewage treatment plants, where consistent release of organic wastes occurred.
Genetic Characterization and Population Structure of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated from Brazilian Patients Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Esteves Leonardo Souza , Gomes Lia Lima , Brites Daniela , Fandinho Fátima Cristina Onofre , Bhering Marcela , Pereira Márcia Aparecida da Silva , Sharma Emilyn Costa Conceição , Salvato Richard , Costa Bianca Porphirio da , Medeiros Reginalda Ferreira de Melo , Caldas Paulo Cesar de Souza , Redner Paulo , Dalcolmo Margareth Pretti , Eldholm Vegard , Gagneux Sebastien , Rossetti Maria Lucia , Kritski Afrânio Lineu , Suffys Philip Noel
Published: April 2024

The present study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) from presumed drug resistant tuberculosis patients from several states of Brazil. The isolates had been submitted to conventional drug susceptibility testing for first- and second-line drugs. Multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) (54.8%) was the most frequent phenotypic resistance profile, in addition to an important high frequency of pre-extensively resistant (p-XDR-TB) (9.2%). Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we characterized 298 Mtb isolates from Brazil. Besides analysis of genotype distribution and possible correlations between molecular and clinical data, we determined the performance of an in-house WGS pipeline with other online pipelines for Mtb lineages and drug resistance profile definition. Sub-lineage 4.3 (52%) was the most frequent genotype and the genomic approach revealed a p-XDR-TB level of 22.5%. We detected 20 novel mutations in three resistance genes, and six of these were observed in eight phenotypically resistant isolates. Cluster analysis of 170 isolates showed that 43.5% of the TB patients belonged to 24 genomic clusters, suggesting considerable ongoing transmission of DR-TB, including two interstate transmissions. The in-house WGS pipeline showed the best overall performance in drug-resistance prediction, presenting the best accuracy values to five of nine drugs tested. Significant associations were observed between suffering from fatal disease and genotypic p-XDR-TB (p = 0.03) and either phenotypic (p = 0.006) and genotypic (p = 0.0007) ethambutol resistance. The use of WGS analysis improved our understanding of the population structure of MTBC in Brazil, genetic and clinical data correlations and demonstrating its utility for surveillance efforts for spread of DR-TB, hopefully helping to avoid the emergence of even more resistant strains and to reduce TB incidence and mortality rates.
Fabrication and Characterization of Porous PEGDA Hydrogels for Articular Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Gonella Silvia , Domingues Margarida F. , Miguel Filipe , Moura Carla S. , Rodrigues Carlos A.V. , Ferreira Frederico Castelo , Silva João C.
Published: April 2024

Functional articular cartilage regeneration remains an unmet medical challenge, increasing the interest for innovative biomaterial-based tissue engineering (TE) strategies. Hydrogels, 3D macromolecular networks with hydrophilic groups, present articular cartilage-like features such as high water content and load-bearing capacity. In this study, 3D porous polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels were fabricated combining the gas foaming technique and an UV-based crosslinking strategy. The 3D porous PEGDA hydrogels were characterized in terms of their physical, structural and mechanical properties. Our results showed that the size of the hydrogels pores can be modulated by varying the initiator concentration. In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that 3D porous PEGDA hydrogels presented high biocompatibility both with human chondrocytes and osteoblast-like cells. Importantly, the 3D porous PEGDA hydrogels supported the viability and chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM-MSCs)-based spheroids as demonstrated by the positive staining of typical cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) (glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)) and upregulation of chondrogenesis marker genes. Overall, the produced 3D porous PEGDA hydrogels presented cartilage-like mechanical properties and supported MSC-spheroid chondrogenesis, highlighting their potential as suitable scaffolds for cartilage TE or disease modelling strategies.
Towards Zero-Carbon Buildings: Challenges and Opportunities from Reversing the Material Pyramid
Authors: Ruta Matteo Francesco , Pittau Francesco , Masera Gabriele
Published: April 2024

The decarbonization of the built environment, both in new construction and renovation, is crucial to mitigate its relevant impact on climate change and achieve the Paris agreement goals. This study presents a systematic LCA-based methodology to assess the whole life carbon emissions of buildings, applied to a proposal for the regeneration of one of Milan’s disused railway yards. As an entry for the 2020 Reinventing Cities competition, Scalo Lambrate is a project for a mainly residential neighborhood with a public park. Strategies to reduce carbon emissions deriving both from the operational energy and construction and maintenance were evaluated and their effects compared to a reference scenario over a time horizon of 100 years. The results show that, while the opportunities to reduce carbon emissions during the use phase are somehow limited due to the already stringent performance requirements for new builds, the use of fast-growing biogenic materials for construction materials, even if mixed with more traditional ones, can provide a significant reduction of the global warming potential over the whole life cycle, with a reduction of 70% over the baseline. The remaining emissions can be offset with afforestation initiatives that, however, must be assessed against land use issues.
Culinary for The Spirits: The Reality of Cultural Acculturation of The Chinese Peranakan of Palembang
Authors: Sutami Hermina , Kabul Assa Rahmawati
Published: April 2024

We usually talk about food, the way it is served, its types, and its beauty aspects in terms of satisfying the pleasures of the human eye and sense of taste. Therefore, in gastronomy, the things above receive great attention. Unsurprisingly, culinary art institutions have been established up to the academic level since decades ago. However, this paper presents a slightly different field of gastronomy, namely gastronomy for the ancestral spirits prayer ceremony, named coki/cuki prayer in Hokkian language (祖祭) which is still practiced today by the Chinese Peranakan of Palembang or we can say “Peranakan Palembang”, South Sumatra. This ritual ceremony, which is hundreds of years old is quite interesting, carried out by people of Chinese descent, both Totok and Peranakan, old and young generations. This paper focuses only on the Chinese Peranakan in Palembang. From here the question arises, why is this custom still maintained in modern times, even though the costs involved are not small? What type of food shows cultural acculturation? From a gastronomic point of view, how are the dishes served arranged? Are there rules? Research data consists of photos and information obtained from informants, and also researchers’ observations of Chinese Peranakan Palembang families because they are considered to know more about and carry out the rules related to the teaching of Confucianism (Tan, 1979). Shenism (Gondomono, 2013) and filial piety or 孝xiào in Confucian religious teachings are two philosophical thinking to know the reason why this ceremony is still carried out today. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The data from the informants will be sorted based on the type of dish, and how it is served, then will be described qualitatively, so that an understanding will be gained regarding the preservation of this prayer ceremony. The novelty of this paper is to increase knowledge about the existence of the culinary for spirits and the philosophical background.
The Spread of Chaoshan Food Culture in Pontianak
Authors: Aretha Paula
Published: April 2024

"Food is the first necessity of the people" illustrates the importance of diet in people's lives. Food is closely related to everyone's life. Food is closely related to everyone's life, it affects the survival of each ethnic group and forms the cultural essence of that ethnic group. "Chaoshan cuisine is the best in the world", the unique taste makes Chaoshan cuisine famous all over the world, and enjoys the honor of "the hometown of Chaoshan cuisine". When hipsters go overseas to make a living, they still maintain their original food customs and hobbies. Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, is one of the cities where Chaoshan people immigrate and live more, and it still retains a strong Chaoshan culture, and we can still find a lot of Chaoshan cuisine in Pontianak's Chinatown, and Chaoshan cuisine accounts for most of Pontianak's food culture. With the mountains and the sea in the backdrop of the mountains, and the longest river in Indonesia, Sungai Kapuas, running through the city, Pontianak has a pleasant climate, beautiful scenery and abundant products. Due to its unique wealth, the delicacies of the mountains and seas – a wide variety of seafood and other ingredients – provide a rich resource for people to cook delicious meals. Most of the Chinese in Pontianak are descendants of the Teochew people, so a food culture based on Teochew flavors has been formed - "Pontianak cuisine" that is derived from Teochew cuisine but is more distinctive than Teochew cuisine. But will all these Haitian food cultures change? This article will analyze and compare the methods mainly used in this study, followed by interviews and discussions with relevant people.
Effect of 30˚C Electrolyte Temperature on The Sensitivity Cu/Ni
Authors: Toifur Moh. , Islamiyati Rizka Nuzul
Published: April 2024

Given the necessity of cryogenic storage and monitoring cryogenic temperatures is equally important. This study aims to determine the resistance value and sensitivity of copper wire before and after electroplating at 30˚C electrolyte temperature as a low temperature sensor. The electrolyte solution consists of NiSO4 260 g, NiCl2 60 g, H3BO3 40 g and Aquades 1000 mL. Electroplating was carried out with an electrolyte temperature of 30˚C, electrode distance of 4 cm, voltage of 4.5 volts and plating time of 4 minutes. The plating results were analyzed to determine the resistance and sensitivity of the sensor at temperatures from 0 to -160˚C. The results showed that the resistance value of the Cu coil obtained RCu = (1.44 ± 0.00) ohm and the resistance of the Cu/Ni coil RCu / Ni = (1.50 ± 0.00) ohm. The resistance value on the Cu/Ni coil (after plating) is greater than the Cu coil (before plating). While the test results of sensor sensitivity show that Cu and Cu/Ni coils have properties as low temperature sensors. Sensor sensitivity increases after plating. The sensitivity value obtained by Cu coil is S(T) = -1E-06T + 6E-05 and Cu/Ni coil S(T) = -2E-06T + 2E-05. The projection sensitivity at a temperature of -200 ˚C obtained is 0.00046 V/˚C less than the Cu/Ni coil 0.00082 V/˚C. So nickel plating on copper coil at 30˚C electrolyte temperature has successfully improved the sensitivity value of the low-temperature sensor.
The Influence of Obesity on Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Sandler Alexis B. , Green Clare K. , Scanaliato John P. , Fares Austin B. , Dunn John C. , Parnes Nata
Published: April 2024

Background:

Given the rising prevalence of obesity, the number of patients with obesity undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) will likely increase; however, there have been mixed results in the existing literature with regard to the effect of elevated body mass index (BMI) on functional outcomes and complications.

Methods:

The patient-reported outcome measures included the visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, range of motion, and adverse events.

Results:

Fourteen studies (118,331 patients) were included. There were significant decreases in VAS pain scores for both patients with obesity (mean difference, −3.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), −3.9 to −3.7]; p < 0.001) and patients without obesity (mean difference, −3.2 [95% CI, −3.3 to −3.1]; p < 0.001). There were also significant increases in ASES scores for both patients with obesity (mean difference, 24.3 [95% CI, 22.5 to 26.1]; p < 0.001) and patients without obesity (mean difference, 24.3 [95% CI, 21.4 to 26.0]; p < 0.001). There were also significant increases in ASES scores for both patients with obesity (mean difference, 24.3 [95% CI, 22.5 to 26.1]; p < 0.001) and patients without obesity (mean difference, 24.3 [95% CI, 21.4 to 26.0]; p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in final VAS pain scores, ASES scores, or range of motion between the groups. The mean rates of complications were higher among patients with obesity (1.2% ± 1.7%) than among patients without obesity (0.59% ± 0.11%) (p < 0.0001), and the mean rates of postoperative admissions were also higher among patients with obesity (5.9%) than patients without obesity (3.7%) (p < 0.0001). Although the mean rates of reoperation were similar between groups (5.2% ± 2.8% compared with 5.2% ± 4.2%), the meta-analysis revealed lower odds of reoperation in patients without obesity (odds ratio [OR], 0.76 [95% CI, 0.71 to 0.82]).

Conclusions:

No significant or clinically important differences in postoperative pain, ASES scores, or range of motion were found between patients with and without obesity following arthroscopic RCR. However, populations with obesity had higher rates of complications, postoperative admissions, and reoperation following arthroscopic RCR.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Orthopaedic Personal Statement Thematic Review: Does Topic Matter?
Authors: Nham Fong , Court Tannor , Steelman Kevin , Chen Chaoyang , Tsai Andrew
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

In the process of applying into medical residency, the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) requires critical documents including a personal statement. Utility of personal statements are questioned based on suspected congruity of the content within personal statements among those who apply into orthopaedic surgery. The goal of this study was to identify and categorize the thematic elements found within the 2021 to 2022 personal statements of orthopaedic surgery applicants at a single institution and assess a correlation to interview invitation.

Methods:

Deidentified personal statements among 2021 to 2022 ERAS applicants were reviewed by the research staff and categorized into one of the proposed themes. Three hundred ninty-four applications passed initial screening filters, and 49 applicants were granted an interview. Proposed themes that were collected included: family of physician, working with hands, history of injury/disease, prior professional setting, immigration/travel, athlete/sports, reapplication, previous clinical experience, and other. χ2 test was used to analyze categorical themes and additional univariate group-to-group comparisons. Multivariate principal component analysis was performed to determine which themes were associated with interview invitation.

Results:

There was a significant difference in theme selection for an applicant’s personal statement (χ2 = 209.5, p < 0.001), but no statistical difference was observed between each individual categorical themes and interview selection. Univariate group-to-group comparison demonstrated greater interview rates between immigration/travel compared with reapplicant and family of physician compared with working with hands. Multivariate principal component analysis demonstrated immigration/travel as the theme with a positive correlation toward an interview invitation.

Conclusion:

Despite a significant focus of the application process into orthopaedic surgery residencies, our single-institution study did observe specific themes that were more prevalent. There was an increased interview rate between applicant's themes for immigration/travel and family of physician when comparing groups. Immigration/travel was also identified as the only significant theme associated with interview invitation which may be due to the recent emphasis on promoting diversity within orthopaedic surgery.
TENTACULITIDS IN SUBVERTICAL (LIFE) POSITION IN THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN ARKONA FORMATION, SOUTHERN ONTARIO, CANADA
Authors: TSUJITA CAMERON J. , BAIRD GORDON C.
Published: April 2024

A horizon of aperture-up, subvertically oriented shells of Tentaculites in the Middle Devonian Arkona Formation (Hamilton Group) near Arkona, Ontario, Canada, is investigated with respect to burial processes, tentaculitid life habits, and associated diagenetic features. Field observations of the horizon in situ confirm previous suspicions that thick-walled tentaculitoids were benthic and oriented aperture-up in life. In this biocoenosis, tentaculitids vary from low-density populations to dense clumps, the latter sometimes showing grid-like arrangements. The mutual spacing of individuals reflects space demands of a feeding apparatus. The limited size range of the shells suggest that tentaculitid colonization event was brief, involving no more than two generational growth cohorts. Sedimentary features associated with the subvertical shells indicate that the seafloor mud inhabited by the tentaculitids was soft, but sufficiently cohesive to preserve microtopographic features, and prone to disturbance by storms. Preservation of their shells in (subvertical) life position necessitated rapid burial (via mud blanketing) without significant scouring. The emanation of sulfidic decay products from the tentaculitid shell apertures led to the local inhibition of later-precipitated calcareous concretionary cement. Preferential erosion of this material resulted in the development of circular pockmarks on concretion surfaces. The concretions themselves formed along a thin zone of alkalinity that developed below the sediment-water interface at the sulfate-methane boundary during a depositional hiatus sometime after the burial of the subvertical tentaculitids. Variations in the vertical positions of radially tilted tentaculitid shells apertures show undulations that, in turn, imply tentaculitids mutually adjusted their growth directions to maximize living space and/or food acquisition.
La delimitación de las áreas metropolitanas como instrumento de gobernanza: el caso de la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Salom Carrasco Julia , Feria Toribio José Maria , Casado Díaz José Manuel , Fajardo Magraner Félix
Published: April 2024

Partiendo de la naturaleza multidimensional, flexible y abierta de los procesos urbanos, el trabajo propone una metodología de definición y delimitación de áreas metropolitanas con fines normativos, asumiendo que existen tantas potenciales delimitaciones como perspectivas desde las que es posible abordar esta tarea. El enfoque propuesto se articula en varios pasos que toman en consideración aspectos normativos, vínculos funcionales, características morfológicas, delimitaciones preexistentes, la gobernanza multinivel y las redes de cooperación. En el trabajo se ilustra esta aproximación aplicándola en la Comunidad Valenciana, cuyos espacios metropolitanos forman un caso de estudio idóneo al tratarse de ejemplos paradigmáticos de tipos distintos de configuración metropolitana. Los análisis realizados, extrapolables a otros territorios, muestran que en el enfoque propuesto el producto final no es tanto un mapa de las áreas metropolitanas valencianas como la sistematización de los distintos aspectos que deben considerarse en el proceso de definición. Así, son igualmente relevantes las fases del proceso, la discusión en ellas recogida, y no únicamente las fronteras que delimitan las áreas metropolitanas. Ello facilita que estas sean modulables, adaptables a la coyuntura específica en que son adoptadas, a través de la consideración crítica de las decisiones tomadas en cada una de las etapas.
Establishment of tissue culture regeneration system of Phalaris arundinacea L. mature embryo
Authors: Bai Siriguleng
Published: April 2024

The present study used the mature embryos of two varieties of Phalaris arundinacea L. (Tongxuan No.1 and Chuancao No.3) as explants. These explants were treated with 70% ethanol for 12 minutes under sterile conditions, sterilized with 0.1% HgCl2 for 5 minutes, washed with distilled water, and inoculated on media containing different ratios of hormones to overcome the dormancy caused by seed pupae and seed coats and obtain the regenerated plants. The results showed that the total recovery rate of Tongxuan No.1 and Chuancao No.3 on the induction medium N6+3.0–4.0 mg/L 2,4-D reached 70%; Tongxuan No.1got the best differentiation rate of 95.38% on N6+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+2.0 mg/L 6-BA medium. Chuancao No. 3 on N6+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+4.0 mg/L 6-BA medium had the highest differentiation rate of 89.33%. Both varieties produced new regenerated plants.
The potential role of biological inhibition of nitrification in a fallow cropping system: a modelling approach
Authors: Ouattara Waogninlin Amed , Konaré Sarah , Tondoh Ebagnerin Jérôme , Barot Sébastien
Published: April 2024

To solve fertility problems, most smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa use fallow periods. However, population growth along with land shortage tend to shorten the duration of fallows, resulting in a steady decline in soil fertility. Assuming that nitrogen (N) plays a key role in soil fertility, we designed an ecological model describing N cycle in a cropping system. We examined the impact of different processes involved in N cycle, including mineralization, nitrification and fallow characteristics on the yield of a maize crop in a humid savanna, Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to explore ways to maintain N supply in N poor soils by identifying the appropriate levers and practices. The model revealed that in low input agricultural systems, soil fertility is maintained by the dynamics of soil organic matter and mineralization. We showed that, variation in nitrification during the cropping cycle (fallow-crop) does not have a significant effect on maize yield. However, with the addition of N fertilizers, reduced nitrification significantly increases crop yield. Indeed, low nitrification increases the efficiency of fertilizer use, which reduces the negative impact of excessive N fertilizer application. Furthermore, legume-based fallow was able to increase maize productivity much more than a nitrification-inhibiting fallow regardless of long duration of fallow periods. Also, the models suggested suggest that using nitrification-inhibiting grasses as cover crops for maize would be beneficial if mineral N fertilizer is used.
Thermal diffusivity microscope – zooming-in on anisotropic heat transport
Authors: Pryds Nini , Lamba Neetu , Beltrán-Pitarch Braulio , Yu Tianbo , Dawod Muhamed , Berner Alexander , Guralnik Benny , Orekhov Andrey , Gauquelin Nicolas , Amouyal Yaron , Verbeeck Johan , Hansen Ole , Petersen Dirch
Published: April 2024

Anisotropic heat conducting materials, where heat flows faster in one direction than another, play crucial roles in designing electronic, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric devices, where temperature and thermal stress are important. Despite significant research efforts, a major obstacle to determining the anisotropic thermal diffusivity tensor in polycrystalline systems is the need for a robust, direct, and non-destructive technique to distinguish between distinct thermal diffusivities. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually new thermal diffusivity microscope capable of performing high-resolution local measurements of anisotropic thermal diffusivity. The microscope is based on a unique micro four-point probe, providing fast, nondestructive scanning and calibration-free measurements. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate that the anisotropy of the thermal diffusivity correlates excellently with the crystallographic direction of prototypical Bi2Te3. Our results provide insights into the complex anisotropic heat transport and show that the lattice contribution dominates the heat transport for both in- and out-of-plane directions.
Efficacy of chemotherapy combined with local therapy in patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a SEER-based study
Authors: Huang Mengdie , Yin Xiaobo , Li Wenqi , Ye Jin , Li Ke
Published: April 2024

Background & Aims: Localized therapy (LCT) is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (OM-NSCLC). However, the optimal timing of LCTin relation to systemic treatment remains unclear. This study aimed to develop a novel predictive nomogram to identify specific OM-NSCLC populations who could benefit from LCT.
Methods: 14,920 OM-NSCLC patients between 2010 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve were conducted to evaluate the influence of chemotherapy combined with local therapy(CCLCT) on the prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were utilized to determine potential risk factors, and a nomogram of overall survival (OS) at different times was formulated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) and a risk stratification system were used to validate the nomograms.
Results: The most favorable prognostic survival was observed in patients receiving a combination of chemotherapy and surgery, followed by those undergoing chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. Conversely, patients receiving only chemotherapy or a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy had the lowest and comparably similar prognostic survival outcomes. Specifically, chemotherapy combined with surgery is an effective treatment option to improve prognostic survival among OM-NSCLC patients, with a 19-month prolongation of median survival compared to chemotherapy alone. Independent prognostic risk factors utilized in the nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) include therapy type, age, sex, race, primary tumor site, tumor size, presence of metastases (in the bone, brain, and liver), N stage, and tumor grade. The AUC demonstrated the good performance of the nomogram. A favorable consistency between the predicted and actual survival probabilities was demonstrated by adopting calibration curves. Finally, The DCA and the risk classification system further supported that the prediction model was clinically effective.
Conclusions: Chemotherapy combined with surgery is a highly effective treatment strategy for OM-NSCLC patients, significantly enhancing their prognostic survival. We constructed a novel nomogram to predict OS in OM-NSCLC patients, aiding both patients and healthcare professionals in assessing prognosis and facilitating informed clinical decisions.