bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Du camp à l’asile : Les hospitalisations psychiatriques d’internés et de détenus politiques pendant la guerre d’indépendance algérienne
Authors: Marquis Paul
Published: July 2019

Au cours de la guerre d’indépendance algérienne, plusieurs dizaines de détenus politiques font l’objet d’une évacuation psychiatrique à l’occasion de leur emprisonnement ou de leur internement. En s’interrogeant sur les modalités d’hospitalisation de ces individus en provenance des camps et des prisons, la présente enquête cherche à déterminer la façon dont l’institution psychiatrique se positionne vis-à-vis des impératifs et des pratiques des structures pénitentiaires entre 1954 et 1962. À travers l’analyse des dossiers administratifs et médicaux des internés et prisonniers hospitalisés, elle tend à montrer que les perspectives thérapeutiques des psychiatres sont systématiquement subordonnées aux logiques répressives de l’administration pénitentiaire.
Les camps d’internement du sud en Algérie (1991-1995). Contextualisation et enjeux
Authors: Arezki Saphia
Published: July 2019

Cet article vise à éclairer un pan peu connu de l’histoire contemporaine de l’Algérie : l’internement de milliers d’hommes au Sahara entre 1991 et 1995. Cette séquence historique n’a jamais fait l’objet de recherche historique alors que les témoins de l’époque s’accordent à écrire qu’elle constitue un tournant et a joué un rôle clef dans le ralliement des maquis par de nombreux Algériens. Il s’agit donc ici de rappeler le contexte dans lequel ces camps sont ouverts, d’expliquer le processus décisionnel qui a conduit à leur instauration tout en brossant un premier portrait collectif des hommes qui y furent envoyés. Ce faisant, cet article espère contribuer à l’écriture de l’histoire de la guerre civile algérienne dont de nombreux aspects restent encore méconnus.
Procréations médicalement assistées, sexualité et religions
Authors: Fortier Corinne
Published: July 2019

L’essor des techniques procréatives a eu pour conséquence de détacher les gamètes que sont le sperme ou l’ovocyte du reste du corps de la personne, en rendant possible leur extraction pour leur reproduction in vitro en laboratoire et non plus in vivo au cours d’un rapport sexuel. Or, ces formes de reproduction sans rapport sexuel n’en possèdent pas moins un caractère sexuel. En effet, alors que l’on tient pour acquis que les procréations médicalement assistées auraient séparé la procréation de la sexualité, cette dernière est loin d’avoir disparu de cette façon de procréer, ainsi que le révèlent avec force les interrogations des religions monothéistes vis-à-vis de ces nouvelles techniques surtout quand elles impliquent un tiers, ravivant le spectre de l’adultère et de l’inceste. L’islam sera sur ces sujets mis en perspective avec les autres monothéismes, soit le judaïsme et le catholicisme romain.
L’épée de Damoclès
Authors: Colavolpe Severi Giulia
Published: July 2019

Cet article présente les premiers résultats d’une recherche qualitative menée en France, entre février et juin 2012, par seize entretiens semi-directifs avec des femmes exposées in utero au diéthylstilbestrol (DES), molécule tératogène qui influence le développement de l’appareil reproducteur en provoquant des anomalies susceptibles d’entraîner une infertilité. L’objectif de cet article est de rendre compte de l’expérience que les femmes exposées in utero au DES font de leur corps en relation à la grossesse. Les données montrent une interaction complexe entre cette expérience, les discours et des idéologies fortement enracinées dans notre société : en particulier, le refus de la mort, la vision de la procréation comme un parcours linéaire ininterrompu et l’association du corps de la femme avec la capacité procréatrice via l’attribution de certaines caractéristiques comme la douceur, la souplesse et l’image du ventre arrondi.
Sous couleur de race…
Authors: Jamard Jean-Luc
Published: July 2019

Les démarches adoptées pour l’étude, par l’anthropologie et d’autres sciences « douces », du « corps racisé » (certes construit socialement), devraient aussi tabler sur les données biologiques modernes. Le texte brosse d’abord à grands traits l’histoire assez récente du racialisme occidental. Puis, quelques exemples aidant, il souligne brièvement l’exigence ethnologique de sonder la réciprocité des perceptions corporelles — comment d’« autres » nous ont-ils perçus. Suivent les deux sections principales de l’article, qui relèvent d’un double questionnement ; les races sont-elles de pures « inventions » culturelles et historiques (ex. des Antilles) ? Ou alors s’agit-il d’unités « naturelles » ? (Les gènes parlent non de vraies races, mais de groupes d’ascendance). Y a-t-il là une dualité d’approches aporétiques ? Un couple de vues en complémentarité forte ?
Les chants du corps
Authors: Barra Edoarda
Published: July 2019

Dans les romans d’Achille Tatius et de Longus le Sophiste, les mythes de Syrinx et d’Écho ponctuent le passage à l’âge adulte et l’apprentissage de la sexualité de deux couples d’adolescents. Parce qu’elles ont éconduit Pan, les deux nymphes sont démembrées ; puis, tandis que Syrinx devient la flûte du dieu — instrument qui sert à tester la virginité lors d’une ordalie — Écho reproduira le son émit par Pan en soufflant dans sa flûte. De fait, bien que métamorphosées, ces nymphes n’échappent pas au dieu-bouc. Par l’homonymie du mot mélē (à la fois « membres du corps » et « chants ») et par un jeu de correspondances entre haut et bas du corps, bouche et sexe, souffle et acte sexuel, voix et humeurs, la musique produite par le dieu tient lieu de coït. Et si les amours de Pan et de Syrinx restent virginales, les émissions sonores qu’elles produisent ne sont pas stériles pour autant : elles fécondent les troupeaux.
Organes du corps et dispositifs de la forge chez les Moose du Burkina Faso
Authors: Calderoli Lidia
Published: July 2019

Les forgerons moose utilisent les outils habituellement employés pour le travail du fer afin d’accomplir des rites thérapeutiques. Leur travail leur permet d’élaborer un imaginaire spécifique sur le corps et leurs rituels sont fondés sur des métaphores techniques.Les organes du corps sont comparés par les forgerons moose aussi bien aux outils qu’au fer à modeler. Un exemple de ces parallélismes nous est offert par le rite thérapeutique qui vise à soigner une maladie affectant la partie finale de l’intestin (prolapsus anal ou rectal notamment). Le soufflet de la forge que l’on utilise dans ce cas est essentiel pour les analogies qui sont établies entre le corps et la forge ; et la buse du soufflet est employée pour soigner cette maladie que l’on attribue au fait d’avoir porté atteinte, par un certain type de vol, au domaine de la forge. La description locale des causes, des symptômes et du traitement met en relief un réseau d’analogies qui lie le corps humain d’une part à la buse du soufflet, et de l’autre au travail du fer.Ces analogies s’insèrent de manière cohérente dans une idéologie explicitée par les forgerons, qui concerne leur rôle de producteurs d’outils et de garants de l’activité agricole. La buse du soufflet et la maladie qui y est associée deviennent alors des dispositifs matériels qui rappellent par des signes non arbitraires et des effets physiques les liens oubliés entre les puissances rattachées à la forge et les hommes et, par là même, les liens entre les forgerons et les non-forgerons. Par conséquent, le corps de l’individu malade renvoie à un corps social plus étendu, à sa famille et à ses relations avec le groupe des forgerons. Le rite de soin, par le recours aux outils de forge, renvoie la maladie à son sens social le plus large.
Corps et vision du monde chez les Berbères de Kabylie
Authors: Yacine Tassadit
Published: July 2019

Dans la tradition berbère et kabyle, en particulier, le lexique reste allusif lorsqu’il s’agit de donner au corps des définitions précises. Paradoxalement cette carence de terminologie est, par ailleurs, à l’origine d’une production pléthorique de termes très importants qui, tout en désignant le corps et les différentes parties le constituant, fournit un large éventail d’expressions, de métaphores et de métonymies très chargé en significations, allusions et symboles. Ces modes de désignation sont très utiles pour l’anthropologie car ils fournissent des précisions sur les différents états du sujet (les organes sont hiérarchisés, structurés, genrés, etc.), sur la relation entre le corps et le monde social (corps vivant/corps mort, vieux/jeune, fort/faible), le corps et les affects dont il est investi réellement et symboliquement. Cette panoplie de termes renseigne également sur la représentation que revêt le corps (selon qu’il est entier ou en « fragments ») et qui dépasse les définitions linguistiques stricto sensu car elle s’inscrit dans une vision du monde, une philosophie bien spécifique à une aire culturelle encore peu étudiée sous cet aspect.
Une nouvelle forme de renoncement ?
Authors: Figueiredo Cristina
Published: July 2019

Au Japon, les dits hikikomori sont des jeunes qui restent enfermés chez eux, le plus souvent dans leur chambre au domicile parental. Ce retrait dure longtemps, de six mois à plusieurs années. En comparant des cas observés au Japon, en France, et aussi en pays touareg, l’article interroge cette claustration : peut-elle être comparée à une forme de renoncement ? Ou est-ce plutôt une plainte à l’adresse des proches, une manière paradoxale d’exprimer, par le corps enfermé, l’impossible engagement dans l’espace public où il ne trouve pas de place ? Comme si, en se mettant hors du monde, tel un initié ou un ermite, la personne cherchait une voie de sortie de la souffrance, en évitant de s’y confronter. La peur d’une forme de défragmentation de soi pourrait expliquer la conduite de ces jeunes. Majoritairement des garçons, qui sont sur le seuil du passage à l’âge adulte, ils éviteraient de soumettre leur corps à la tentation du désir, dans un monde où la surexposition de soi devient obligée.
Les mutilations des corps masculins et féminins dans les contes de transmission orale et leurs effets symboliques
Authors: Belmont Nicole
Published: July 2019

Cet article s’interroge sur la signification d’épisodes violents, racontant des dépeçages et des mutilations du corps suivis de réparations, que l’on trouve dans trois récits de transmission orale européens. L’issue heureuse qui mène ces héros et héroïnes malmenés vers l’accomplissement de leur destin évoque la violence de certains rites de passage des jeunes adolescents à l’issue desquels ils accédaient à la possibilité de l’union maritale. Non plus agis, mais racontés, ils utilisent ce que l’on peut appeler un « langage du corps », un langage qui met en scène le corps.
Le corps morcelé de Dionysos
Authors: Ildefonse Frédérique
Published: July 2019

Le sparagmos et l’omophagie sont considérés comme des imitations, voire des répétitions de la mise à mort de Dionysos-enfant. Cet article cherche à mettre en évidence que la distinction entre tout et partie est un opérateur pour le démembrement de Dionysos-enfant et de ses suites, distinctes en fonction des sources. Les mythes en présence excèdent l’application d’une opposition, fût-elle complémentaire, entre unité et multiplicité, comme l’atteste le rapprochement entre le corps morcelé de Dionysos et celui d’Osiris. Ils mettent en jeu la pars pro toto et son corrélat, le fait qu’il y ait une partie manquante, qu’elle soit perdue, ou sauvée. Le démembrement de l’enfant, la dispersion de son corps, l’exception de l’une de ses parties sont les éléments d’un dispositif qui vise, semble-t-il, à célébrer sa perpétuelle renaissance.
Corps sensible, environnement urbain moderniste
Authors: Michel-Jones Françoise
Published: July 2019

Selon le point de vue d’une anthropologie du regard, cet article s’intéresse aux rapports entre corps sensible et environnement urbain, en particulier aux mutations perceptives et cognitives intervenues dans les années 1960 en Occident, telles que Jacques Tati les rendit fascinantes dans un film — Playtime — devenu un classique du cinéma.Maître de la description et de l’analyse filmée de gestes et de comportements sociaux-types des classes moyennes en milieu urbain, Jacques Tati propose un film qu’il veut « matière » filmique « sonore et visuelle » plutôt que le récit filmé d’une histoire centrée sur un sujet. Il y confronte son personnage, Hulot, à un passage sans transition des formes familières d’une capitale historique (Paris), qui permettent une déambulation paisible, aux signalétiques et composantes plastiques et formelles épuisantes et trompeuses d’une grande ville qui fait monde, sans hors-champ spatial et temporel : une ville qui s’impose comme sa version internationale moderniste plutôt que moderne, ubiquitaire et atemporelle, vouée à la communication, la circulation et la consommation accélérées.Perdu dans une « quête » décevante qui multiplie boucles et impasses, Hulot souvent paraît se dissoudre — corps sans ombre — au gré d’avatars, doubles et reflets, et ce, en dépit des vertus de la transparence et de la communication considérées comme solidaires du « nouvel » environnement architectural et urbain. Se manifeste alors l’amenuisement du « moi, du sujet, de la personne » (Mauss) dans l’opacité et l’absurde de la perte de sens, la négation de l’histoire, qui accompagnent l’exigence présumée « fonctionnelle » du sériel et de l’indifférencié.
Images du corps nikkei à São Paulo
Authors: Prado Helena
Published: July 2019

Cet article propose d’explorer les images relatives à la population d’origine japonaise à São Paulo à partir de l’étude des représentations stéréotypées et des déterminants de race présents dans les discours collectifs. En considérant à la fois quelques expressions de langage populaire fréquemment usitées et les discours recueillis, il vise à analyser ce qui est donné comme évidence, soit le corps désigné comme « japonais » au Brésil, étranger, différent et exclu des représentations du corps à l’œuvre dans le « mythe national ».Il s’agira donc d’identifier les marqueurs phénotypiques en jeu, et de mettre en évidence ce qui en découle directement, à savoir une série de représentations « naturellement » associée à l’ethnicité nikkei qui a trait à la fois à des normes esthétiques, comportementales, à des valeurs morales et intellectuelles et à des pratiques collectives et individuelles attendues des Nippo-Brésiliens.
Poète en morceaux, morceaux de poète
Authors: Dragani Amalia
Published: July 2019

Cet article porte sur la somatisation du processus créateur en partant du cas des poètes touaregs. En analysant deux corpora, les textes où les poètes se décrivent en proie à l’inspiration et les récits que les poètes « en chair et en os » font de ce moment lors de conversations informelles et durant l’acte créateur observé par l’ethnologue, deux différences sont ainsi notées. L’une concerne le corps et les parties du corps impliquées dans le processus créateur. Dans les premiers textes, il est question de « corps en morceaux, en ébullition, en explosion » et des troubles émotionnels qui affectent les organes internes tels que foie, cœur, rate et entrailles. Mais, pour les poètes « en chair et en os », la création se traduit essentiellement par des effets sur la peau (chair de poule par exemple) et les « petits poils et duvets » (hérissement), sur des organes externes donc. L’autre différence concerne la description de l’acte créateur. Si les textes poétiques fixent leur attention sur le moment qui précède la création et font silence sur l’après-création, les récits agissent de façon symétrique et inversée : silence sur l’inspiration et discours sur l’après création, sur le « processus d’autoguérison » apporté par le processus créateur. Pour expliquer ces différences, l’hypothèse suivante est posée : se décrire en état de possession, comme le fait le poète dans cette tradition orale, présente un double avantage, celui de l’inscrire dans une tradition ancienne et celui de mettre en scène un état familier pour ses auditeurs, plus familier du moins que l’inspiration.
Atuação do enfermeiro obstetra no parto domiciliar planejado/ Performance of obstetric nurses in planned home birth
Authors: Bochnia Emilene Ragasson , Maneira Nathana , Trigueiro Tatiane Herreira , Favero Luciane , Kochla Kátia Renata Antunes , Oliveira Fabio André Miranda de
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção que o enfermeiro obstetra que atende ao parto domiciliar planejado tem de sua atuação. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Como técnica de coleta de dados, foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas no período de junho a agosto de 2015, com sete enfermeiros obstetras que realizavam este tipo de parto em Curitiba, Estado do Paraná. Os dados foram analisados segundo grupos temáticos, proposta por Bardin, dos quais emergiram duas categorias: o enfermeiro obstetra diante de si; e o enfermeiro obstetra diante da mulher. Resultados: Identificou-se que a atuação do enfermeiro em domicílio torna-se um campo de trabalho satisfatório e gratificante, pois lhe possibilita maior autonomia. Entretanto, esta função também pode desencadear dificuldades, insegurança e conflito de relações interpessoais. Considerações finais: A atuação do enfermeiro obstetra no domicílio constitui um trabalho satisfatório, gratificante e que proporciona autonomia. Entretanto, traz dificuldades, inseguranças e conflitos interprofissionais. Acreditam que a assistência domiciliar abrange valores que vão além dos aspectos científicos e tecnológicos, utilizando-se de um olhar holístico sobre esse momento.
Caracterização dos acidentes com material biológico entre profissionais de saúde de 2013 a 2017 / Characterization of accidents with biological material between health professionals from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Bordin Vanessa , Ignácio Alves Débora Cristina , Souza Ronan Felipe de , Fernandes Luciana Magnani , Matos Fabiana Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo , Feldhaus Carine
Published: July 2019

Objetivos:caracterizar os acidentes de trabalho com material biológico de acordo com o tipo de exposição e descrever o perfil dos profissionais dos serviços de saúde que sofreram esses acidentes. Método:estudo epidemiológico, transversal e retrospectivo.Fizeram parte da pesquisa 1.269 notificações de acidentes de trabalho com material biológico, os quais foram coletados através do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Para a análise de associação entre as variáveis selecionadas, utilizou-se o teste qui quadrado e a Correlação de Pearson.Resultados:identificou-se que o tipo de exposição tem relação direta com a circunstância do acidente, com o tempo de trabalho e com o agente causador do acidente, com predominância do sexo feminino, em adultos jovens, com escolaridade em nível médio, atuando principalmente na área da enfermagem, com experiência profissional igual ou inferior a 5 anos. Conclusão:ressalta-se a importância das boas práticas, como o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e esquema vacinal, e o acompanhamento do profissional pós-exposição a acidentes de trabalho com material biológico, com intuito primordial de promover a saúde do trabalhador e a gestão de riscos nas instituições.
Ação educativa com profissionais de terapia intensiva sobre lesão na córnea: relato de experiência/Educational action with professionals of intensive therapy on corneal injury: experience report
Authors: Costa Tássio Ricardo Martins da , Rocha Paula Regina de Melo , Cruz Marcia Cristina Souza da , Andrade Erlon Gabriel Rego de , Caldas Rosinelle Janayna Coêlho , Nogueira Maicon De Araujo
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: relatar a experiência acadêmico-assistencial de um grupo de estudantes de Enfermagem, ao promover uma ação educativa com profissionais de Enfermagem de duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido com base em atividades práticas supervisionadas, em hospital de grande porte da Região Metropolitana de Belém, Pará, Brasil, durante o mês de março de 2017. Está ancorado nas etapas da Metodologia da Problematização com o Arco de Maguerez, resultando em proposta de intervenção exequível na prática. Resultados: obteve-se o percentual de participação de 85,7% da equipe de Enfermagem. Os demais profissionais estavam em reunião, inviabilizando sua presença na ação. Os participantes responderam de forma positiva à intervenção, colaborando, discutindo e valorizando o conhecimento construído com a relação dialógica, apresentando profundas reflexões nos discursos ao grupo interventor. Considerações finais: constatou-se que ações de cunho educativo, pautadas nas necessidades do público-alvo, podem provocar mudanças significativas por meio da reflexão crítica e da qualificação profissional. Os profissionais de Enfermagem oferecem importantes contribuições para prevenir e controlar lesões na córnea, bem como para investigar e produzir conhecimento relativo ao tema.
 Autoavaliação da qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV/ Self-evaluating the quality of life of people living with HIV
Authors: De Moraes Ramos Yasmim Talita , Da Rocha Cabral Juliana , Bushatsky Magaly , Silva Rafaela Almeida , Da Silva Filho Jabiael Carneiro , Célia de Oliveira Regina
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a autoavaliação da qualidade de vida (QV) de pessoas vivendo com HIV. Metodologia: trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 150 usuários de um Serviço de Assistência Especializada (SAE) em HIV localizado na Capital do estado de Pernambuco. A QV foi avaliada a partir do instrumento WHOQOL HIV Bref, dividido em seis domínios: físico, psicológico, relações sociais, ambiente, nível de independência e espiritualidade. A análise estatística foi feita pelo programa computacional SPSS 18.0. Foram aplicados média e desvio padrão e utilizados testes como Kolmogorov Smirnov, Friedman e Wilcoxon. Resultados: os extremos de idade variaram entre 18 e 69 anos, com mediana de 37,5 anos. Houve predominância de mulheres (65,3%) e de pessoas sem o ensino médio concluído (60%). Os domínios da QV que atingiram melhores resultados foram: psicológico, físico e relações sociais, com médias de autoclassificação de muito boa qualidade de vida de 16,69; 16,67 e 15,67 respectivamente. Salienta-se que uma melhor autopercepção da QV indica melhores condições nos domínios avaliados. Conclusão: os fatores que atingem negativamente a QV contribuem para aumentar as vulnerabilidades das pessoas vivendo com HIV e, considerando os pontos estruturantes das condições de vida, fica claro que é preciso avançar nas políticas de promoção da saúde.
Abuso/dependência de álcool e fatores psicossociais do trabalho em profissionais de saúde/Alcohol abuse/dependency and psychosocial factors in the workplace of healthcare professionals
Authors: Diniz Cinthia Flávia Gomes , Assunção Ada Ávila , Beinner Mark Anthony , Pimenta Adriano Marçal
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao abuso/dependência de álcool em profissionais de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal desenvolvido com 1.776 profissionais de saúde de Belo Horizonte/MG entre 2008 a 2009, aos quais foi aplicado um questionário estruturado com itens sobre características demográficas, socioeconômicas, do estilo de vida, das condições de saúde e das condições de trabalho. O abuso/dependência de álcool foi diagnosticado com o uso do questionário CAGE. Resultados: A prevalência de abuso/dependência de álcool foi de 7,2%. Após os ajustes do modelo final, os seguintes fatores aumentaram a chance de abuso/dependência de álcool: o horário de trabalho atípico (OR: 1,64; IC 95%: 1,08-2,49), gênero masculino (OR: 3,99; IC 95%: 2,62-6,07), Transtornos Mentais Comuns (OR: 2,44; IC 95%: 1,52-3,89), tabagismo (OR: 2,41; IC 95%: 1,52-3,83) e ex-tabagismo (OR: 1,94; IC 95%: 1,18-3,23). Em contrapartida, a demanda psicológica no trabalho diminuiu a chance de abuso/dependência de álcool (OR: 0,89; IC 95%: 0,81-0,97). Conclusão: É imprescindível levar em consideração o abuso/dependência de álcool entre os profissionais de saúde. Além disso, as características do trabalho podem contribuir para o início desse problema, o que gera um alerta para os gestores na formulação de políticas de promoção da saúde do trabalhador.
El libre tránsito de Bolivia a través de Chile: controversias y gasto económico chileno. 2005-2011
Authors: Correa Loreto
Published: July 2019

Este artículo, elaborado sobre la base de observaciones en las actas del Comité de Fronteras Binacional del período 2005-2011, y de las estadísticas oficiales del Instituto Boliviano de Comercio Exterior, explica el funcionamiento actual del libre tránsito en el marco del Tratado de 1904 firmado entre Chile y Bolivia, poniendo en valor el trabajo conjunto realizado entre ambos países en el período. En el análisis, se demuestra la existencia permanente de un diálogo entre Estados, lo que evoluciona hacia una paulatina maritimización –entendida como la continua situación de conflicto producida durante el gobierno de Evo Morales en torno al reclamo marítimo– de las relaciones bilaterales, en la que se instala un discurso de disconformidad sobre el libre tránsito. El estudio revisa, a partir de la contextualización de la firma y funcionamiento del Tratado de 1904, el libre tránsito, sus controversias, características y gasto económico chileno en la materia, dándose cuenta práctica de la gestión portuaria y de la conectividad efectiva de Bolivia hacia el Pacífico.
Volvulus of ileum: A rare case of small bowel obstruction and the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasound imaging for the diagnosis
Authors: Barakat Bajhat , Pezzilli Raffaele
Published: July 2019

Primary type small bowel volvulus is observed mainly in children and young adults, whereas the secondary type is usually found between the ages of 40 and 90 years and is mainly due to adhesions after previous surgery: tumors and mesenteric lymph nodes can also be responsible for the secondary type. Diagnosis is difficult and the computed tomography scan is the most relevant imaging modality. For this reason we believe that the case presented in which diagnosis was primary made by abdominal ultrasonography and then confirmed first by computed tomography scan and definitively by surgical exploration is worth reporting.
Ischemic colitis in a known sickle cell disease patient
Authors: Dambatta Abdu Hamisu
Published: July 2019

Patients affected with sickle cell disease (SCD) suffer from recurrent vascular occlusions that lead to ischemia and distal tissue infarction in multiple organs. These vascular occlusions manifest as sickle cell pain crises. Abdominal pain is common in sickle cell pain crises. It is attributed to vasoocclusion or infarction in the mesenteric vasculature. Progression to significant ischemic damage of the intestine is rare in sickle cell disease. The objective was to show the rare case of ischemic colitis in SCD patient. The patient’s images (plain abdominal x rays and barium enema images) and case file were reviewed and summarized. The subject matter of ischemic colitis in a known SCD was reviewed in the literature. The index case was discussed and compared with literature. We report an 18-year-old known SCD patient diagnosed since childhood but not regular on medication and follow up. The patient presented to SCD clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano with 2-year history of recurrent blood stained and watery stool associated with abdominal pain and low-grade fever. There was history of easy fatigability and multiple blood transfusions in the past. Other systemic reviews were unremarkable. This man is the only sickle cell anemic child among 9 other siblings of the family, and on presentation, a second-year student of a junior secondary school. Examination revealed a stunted young man, mild pale with a tinge of jaundice. Abdominal examination revealed hepatomegaly 4 cm below the costal margin. The spleen was not enlarged. Other systemic reviews were unremarkable. Latest hemoglobin was 5.7 g/dL. Renal and the liver function tests were normal. Stool microscopy did not isolate ova, cyst or protozoa. Barium enema was then requested and showed loss of haustration and cobblestone appearance involving the entire colon. Fine mucosal granulations were also noted in the rectum. Diagnosis of colitis most probably ischemic was made. The patient was commenced on analgesics and antibiotics including azithromycin and metronidazole and made significant improvement. Ischemic colitis in SCD may still be encountered in practice despite its rarity.
Symptomatic giant cavernous hemangioma of the liver in a 42-year-old man
Authors: Dambatta Abdu Hamisu
Published: July 2019

Most cases of liver hemangioma are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on liver ultrasound or computed tomography scan. Giant cavernous hemangioma (GCH) are however clinically distinct from smaller asymptomatic ones and may be confused with primary or metastatic malignancy. Symptomatic GCH of the liver are rare. The aim of the study was to show the rare case of symptomatic giant cavernous hemangioma of the liver which may be confuse with primary or metastatic malignancy. The patient’s images (abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography scans) and case file were reviewed and summarized. The subject matter of giant cavernous hemangioma was reviewed in the literature. The index case was discussed and compared with literature. We report a 42-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of right upper abdominal pain and 6-month history of chest pain. No history of jaundice, body swelling or previous history of blood transfusion. No history of smoking or alcohol consumption. The patient is a known diabetic. Abdominal ultrasound scan showed hepatomegaly with a huge well defined oval shaped mixed echogenic mass lesion with lobulated margins occupying 4th and 5th segments of liver, measuring 84.9×111 mm in size suggestive of adenoma. The remaining hepatic parenchyma was normal. No intrahepatic biliary dilatation was seen. Initial histological examination revealed adenoma. Repeat histology done later however revealed hepatitis. Abdominal CT scan was later carried out and showed hepatomegaly but with no discernible mass lesion on precontrast images. Contrast enhanced images however, showed a fairly rounded mass lesion with peripheral enhancement and delayed filling-in at the venous phase, seen in the superior aspect of the right lobe extending to the dome. The intrahepatic vasculature and biliary ducts are not dilated. A diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma was made based on criteria of delayed (centripetal) filling-in. The patient however was lost to follow up. Hepatic hemangioma can be giant and symptomatic and despite its rarity, may still be encountered in practice.
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF NON-TRANSFUSION DEPENDENT THALASSEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH HEMOGLOBIN E-β-THALASSEMIA DISEASE WITHOUT α--THALASSEMIA
Authors: Phanrahan Paramee , Yamsri Supawadee , Teawtrakul Nattiya , Fucharoen Goonnapa , Sanchaisuriya Kanokwan , Fucharoen Supan
Published: July 2019

Background: The finding of many Thai Hb E-β0-thalassemia patients with non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (NTDT) phenotype without co-inheritance of α-thalassemia has prompted us to investigate the existence of other genetic modifying factors.

Methods: Study was done on 146 adult Thai patients with NTDT Hb E-β0-thalassemia and a homozygous β-thalassemia patient without co-inheritance of α-thalassemia. Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with γ-globin gene expression including the Gγ-XmnI of HBG2 gene, rs2297339, rs4895441, and rs9399137 of the HBS1L-MYB gene, rs4671393 in the BCL11A gene, and G176AfsX179, T334R, R238H and -154 (C-T) in the KLF1 gene were investigated using PCR-and related techniques.

Results: Heterozygous and homozygous for Gg-XmnI of HBG2 gene were detected at 68.0% and 6.1%, respectively. Further DNA analysis identified the rs2297339 (C-T), rs4895441 (A-G), and rs9399137 (T-C) of HBS1L-MYB gene in 86.4%, 22.5% and 20.4%, respectively. The rs4671393 (G-A) of the BCL11A gene was found at 31.3%. For the KLF1 gene, the T334R and G176AfsX179 (+/-) were detected at 8.2% and 1.4%, respectively.

Conclusion: It was found that these SNPs when analyzed in combination could explain the mild phenotypic expression of all cases. These results underline the importance of these informative SNPs on phenotypic expression of Hb E-β-thalassemia patients.
PREVALENCE OF BLATEM, BLASHV, AND BLACTX-M GENES AMONG ESBL-PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE AND ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM THALASSEMIA IN ERBIL, IRAQ
Authors: Ahmad Hamad Pishtiwan , Khadija Khalil Mustafa
Published: July 2019

Due to the recent appearance of organisms that are resistant to several drugs (multidrug-resistant) like Enterobacteriaceae that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL, concerns have remarkably increased regarding the suitable treatment of infections. The present study was an investigation into ESBL molecular characteristics among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli resulting in UTIs and their pattern of antimicrobial resistance in order to come up with helpful information on the epidemiology of these infections and risk factors accompanied with them. In order to conduct the study, 20 K. pneumoniae and 48 E. coli were isolated and retrieved from thalassemia center in Erbil, Iraq during July 2016 and September 2016. The collected strains were analyzed and the profile of their antimicrobial susceptibility was specified. In order to spot β-lactamase genes (i.e. blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M), polymerase chain reaction was conducted. The results obtained from multiplex PCR assay showed that out of the collected strains of ESBL-producing E. coli, 37 had 81% blaTEM, 16.2% blaSHV, and 32.4% blaCTX-M genes. Similarly, 64.7% blaTEM, 35.2% blaSHV, and 41.1% blaCTX-M genes existed in the isolates of K. pneumoniae. It was found that antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates to 20 antibiotics varied widely. It was also concluded that the majority of the K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Moreover, 75% and 87.5% of respectively K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates showed the MDR phenotypes. TEM prevalence was high among other types of ESBLs. Over all, the most active antimicrobial agents in vitro remained to be the carbapenems.
DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY MAJOR CONGENITAL THROMBOPHILIA
Authors: Serrao Alessandra , Lucani Benedetta , Mansour Davide , Ferretti Antonietta , Baldacci Erminia , Santoro Cristina , Foà Robin , Chistolini Antonio
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Thrombophilia is a condition that predisposes to a higher incidence of venous thromboembolisms (VTE), some also in atypical sites. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have proven to be effective in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, their use can be sometimes challenging in particular settings of patients such as those with major thrombophilia - antithrombin, protein C and protein S deficiency, homozygous mutation of Factor V Leiden, homozygous mutation of Factor II G20210A, combined heterozygous mutation of factor V Leiden and Factor II G20210A – carrying a high thrombotic risk.

Patients and methods: At our Center, 45 patients with major thrombophilia were treated with DOACs: 33 after an initial treatment with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and 12 as first line therapy for VTE. The median follow-up of DOACs treatment was 29 months.

Conclusions: No patient presented hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications during DOAC therapy. DOACs have proven to be effective and safe in this real-life series of patients with major thrombophilia.
Azacytidine failure revisited: an appraisal based on real life data from the MDS registry of the Hellenic Myelodysplastic Syndrome Study Group (HMDS).
Authors: KOTSIANIDIS IOANNIS
Published: July 2019

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Constructing “New Liberal Arts” in China’s Universities: Key Concepts and Approaches
Authors: Tian Hailong , Wang Mingyu
Published: July 2019

Inspired by the concept of “New Engineering” in China’s universities and considering the features and values of the humanities and social sciences, this paper discusses issues of constructing “New Liberal Arts” in China’s universities. Firstly it states the general characteristics of the humanities and social sciences that find their realization in “New Liberal Arts”, and the qualities of “New Liberal Arts” such as being strategically important, innovative, integrated and promising. Then it proposes that a cluster of first-rate undergraduate programs with Chinese characteristics and global competitiveness be set up. The paper finally suggests new ways in which “New Liberal Arts” are to be constructed, such as to recognize new research objects, new research paradigms and new social needs of the humanities and social sciences, to break through conventional thinking stereotypes, and to do well in five aspects -- concept reconstruction, structural reorganization, model regeneration, platform building and differential development. In so doing, the paper is hoped to provide useful considerations for universities elsewhere. Keywords: the humanities and social sciences; New Liberal Arts; construction; universities; China.
Students’ experiences with the use of a social annotation tool to improve learning in flipped classrooms
Authors: Suhre Cor , Winnips Koos , De Boer Vincent , Valdivia Pablo , Beldhuis Hans
Published: July 2019

To support the development and dissemination of more activating educational practices, pilot studies were launched on the use of the social annotation tool Perusall. During 2016-2017 several  managers of higher education course units worked with Perusall in classes of a size varying from 10 to more than hundred students. To assess the usefulness and effectiveness of Perusall we focused on two related aspects (1) perception by students of Perusall as an appropriate tool to support the processing of the study texts and (2) the impact of student engagement in Perusall on students’ examination results. Student experiences were evaluated by means of online questionnaires about several aspects concerning to the adoption of Perusall and log data about student activities in the Perusall platform. The results of the study show that engagement in deep level processing of course content depends on three critical factors: the transparency of annotation assignments, the perceived ease of working in Perusall and teachers’ use of students’ annotations to discuss the course content during lectures. The study further shows that students receive better examination results the more they engage in the annotation assignments.
Implementation of Computer Assisted Experimental Work in Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Teaching
Authors: Albiol Chiva Jaume , Peris Vicente Juan , Ruiz Ángel María José , Esteve Amorós Mar , Carda Broch Samuel , Esteve Amorós Pau , Esteve Amorós Estel.la , Kassuha Diego , Esteve Romero Josep
Published: July 2019

Computer-Assisted Experimental Work (CAEW) consists in the incorporation of computer-connected apparatus in the laboratory. This is a new insight into teaching of Classical Analytical Chemistry, wherein the experiments are usually manually conducted. However, it does not represent a complete break with traditional methodology, as the design and goal of the experiment are essentially the same. In this work, we present the implementation of CAEW to a practical included in the Laboratory part of “Analytical Chemistry IV”, taught at the fourth academic year of the Degree in Chemistry: “Potentiometric titration of a mixture of iodure and chlorure with silver”. Three couples of students used an Ag-ion selective electrode connected to a computer, while the other three couples employed a digital one. The results were comparable, though the computer-assisted method provided significant improvements, like; the students get familiar with new technologies at an accessible level, the titration can be visually followed on the screen via the titration curve, the calculations are automatically performed, allowing the detection of experimental and registration of mistakes, it avoids errors caused by the transcription and processing of the data, and the students achieve their practical disposing of the final results, and all their work corrected by the teacher.
Thinking about going to university? Segmenting undergraduates
Authors: Retamosa Marta , Millán Ángel , García Juan Antonio
Published: July 2019

Choosing a university is a crucial decision in a person's life because, most of the time, the acquisition of a university degree allows him access to better working conditions. Universities are interested in knowing the factors that students cite as impacting their choice of university. This study aims to classify future university students according to different evaluation criteria that could help university administrators to improve their recruitment and positioning strategies. Building on the growing body of knowledge related to the marketing of Higher Education Institutions, the current study seeks to further explore the existence of segments featuring different selection patterns. The main goal of this study was tested by applying Latent Class Analysis as a segmentation method, also referred to as Latent Class Cluster Analysis. This study found that students have different sets of motivations for their choice of Higher Education Institutions, and also found significant differences in the motivations of males and females with regard to university selection. All of these findings are of great importance to the managers of university brands, particularly at the university under study.
Photo 3D technology applied to e-Learning tools production for animal biology
Authors: Vizioli Jacopo , Sautière Pierre-Eric , Delbende Catherine , Deleplanque Bernard , Mikolajczyk Bernard
Published: July 2019

The teachers from the Biology Department of the University of Lille have been developing for the last two years, a digitalization program of naturalist collections. This project aims to preserve this scientific heritage and to use it for animal and plant biology teaching. Specimens are digitalized by a photo 3D capture system, that produces a 360° and/or hemispheric images of the objects starting from high-resolution pictures. Based on the use of this particular imaging technology, teachers realized multimedia eBooks and a series of files “at the glance“ for practical works in animal biology for Bachelor students in Life Sciences. These supports, enriched by graphic complements, texts, legends and interactive animations, are available on the pedagogic platform Moodle. These digital tools are viewable on computers and can be handled on smartphones and tablets for a nomad utilisation. Students generally consider these supports useful for learning and they consult these resources before, during and after the practical sessions. This distance-learning approach gives the students a complete autonomy for practical session preparation and reviews. The innovative tools here presented constitute a useful learning complement to classical academic lectures in animal biology.
Art-based methods: Theatre Teaches and Business Theatre
Authors: Bannò Mariasole , D'Allura Giorgia Maria
Published: July 2019

The paper aims to investigate the use of arts in teaching, specifically the art of theater, to provide the new skills searched from the job market. Our work compares the two experiences of the Theatre Teaches performed at University of Brescia and of Business Theatre at University of Catania. The idea of the paper is based on the scientific collaboration among the two co-authors involved, during the last 10 years, on the development of innovative method of teaching focused on non- technical skills. After depicting the incumbent needs of non-technical skills searched from the job market, the comparison on the use of theatre in the two Universities highlighted how both methods support the development of relational, cognitive and managerial soft skills, even if in a different way: when using Theatre Teaches the major skills concern the cognitive ones, while when using Business Theatre the major skills concern the relational ones. Furthermore, it emerges that Theatre Teaches is more effective with cognitive engagement while Business Theatre with emotional engagement. Both are effective in the behavioral engagement (i.e. physical participation in an activity), which emerges as the distinctive characteristic of theatre art-based method.
Ontology rules application for efficient career choice
Authors: Startseva Elena Borisovna , Grimaylo Andrey Yurievich , Chernyahovskaya Liliya Rashitovna , LLopis Pascual Fernando
Published: July 2019

The aim of this work is to help university applicants in their transition phase from high-school to tertiary education starting with their first life-long decision concerning their choice of the field of study. The construction of the decision support system has evolved into an ontology-based model. The model, as well as the decision making rules, have been formulated based on the research study of the cohort of 69000 students of the University of Alicante between 2010 and 2018. The educational and psychological processes have been studied in order to identify the pivot moments and the factors that may lead to an adequate decision making or to an objectively wrong decision which eventually ends up in a drop-out of studies. Analysing the existing methods of occupational and educational choice assistance, the method of John L. Holland on “A Psychological Classification of Occupations” has been selected as the most viable and convenient for this purpose. The Holland Codes have been adopted as a lingua franca of this ontology-based model. As a result, the ontology-based decision support system provides assistance in decision making using the Holland Code terminology and practically unlimited complexity of the object and data properties of and ontological presentation of knowledge.
Evaluation of learning communities: principles to guide practice
Authors: Ossevoort Miriam , Riezebos Jan
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the implementation of extra-curricular learning communities (LCs) that are open for all students at the faculty of Economics and Business. The LCs were developed using established guiding principles that included the choice of the theme, the educational concept, and the scheduling. During 5 semesters, 37 LCs, of which 17 unique LCs, were executed. According to the guiding priniciples, the themes extended beyond themes of regular courses and attracted both BSc and MSc students from different degree programs. Furthermore, the theme enhanced students’ professional preparation and employability. The combination of insight from practice with theory was positively evaluated. Despite the guiding principle, half of the LCs were topic-based instead of project-based. Since students strongly agreed that all LCs were a good learning experience, we have modified this guiding principle. Most points of improvement given by the students concerned the scheduling. They missed the structure they have during regular courses. Especially in the beginning of the LC they want to have more meetings to get a head start. Overall, great commitment of lecturers as well as students led to a successful realisation of these multi-disciplinary, extra-curricular and multi-level LCs.