bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Facial Soft Tissue Measurements Using Photographic Analysis Method
Authors: Arshad Faisal , CS Prashanth , BC Amarnath
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim Facial photograph is an essential diagnostic aid having great importance in diagnosis and treatment planning in Orthodontics and is absolutely hazard free. In this era of paradigm shift where soft tissue is of much significance facial photographs are an excellent aid in appraising facial balance type and harmony of external features. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of intra examiner and inter examiner landmark identification and measurement by photographic analysis on standardized photographs of patients using a custom-made software.Methods Fifty individuals including both males and females were included in the study. Their frontal and profile facial photographs were taken using a standardized method. The photographs were stored in TIFF Tag Image File Format and uploaded in the custom-made software for analysis. Two examiners with similar experience were selected for marking the landmarks and performing the analysis. Analysis was done initially T0 and after 24 hrs T24. Both intra and inter examiner reliability was checked using ICC. The data were entered in Excel sheet and subjected to statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25.0 version IBM Chicago. Inter-examiner and intra-examiner correlation was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficient.Results In frontal linear measurements all correlations of inter and intra examiner readings initial reading T0 amp after 24 hrs T24 the parameters Sn-Me Sn-St St-Me Tr-Me ChR-ChL showed significant correlation Plt0.05 whereas parameter Tr-N showed non-significant correlation Pgt0.05. In profile angular measurements all correlations of inter and intra examiner readings T0 amp T24 the angular parameters N-Pn-Cm N-PnN-Pog Li-B-Pog G-N-Nd N-Pn-Pog showed significant correlation Plt0.05 whereas parameter Cm-Sn-Ls showed non-significant correlation Pgt0.05.Conclusion The present study revealed a high accuracy of landmarks and measurements when done on standardized photographs with photographic analysis using customized software. Except Nasolabial angle Cm-Sn-Ls in angular parameters and Tr-N in linear parameters which showed the most variability in terms of reliability and reproducibility and were also statistically non significant.
Evaluation of Effect of Tooth Brushing on the Surface Roughness of Different Implant Superstructure Materials: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Pitroda Arjun , Kumar Sahu Shailendra , Dani Anurag , Jain Soumya , Satfale Shaishavi , Birajdar Kabir
Published: October 2024

Background This in vitro investigation aimed to evaluate and contrast the surface roughness of various implant superstructure materials before and after tooth brushing simulation.Objectives To evaluate the surface roughness of G1- PMMA Polymethyl Methacrylate G2- Polychrome composite and G3- Direct Metal Laser Sintering DMLS glazed Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal PFM restorative materials before and after brushing simulation.Methodology Six cuboid shaped specimens 10times10times2 mm were prepared from prepolymerized CADCAM Computer-aided design and Computer aided manufacturing PMMA CADCAM polychrome composite and conventional DMLS glazed porcelain fused metal N24. The specimens were subjected to 10000 brushing cycles simulating one year of tooth brushing using SD Mechatronik-Brushing Simulator ZM-3.8 and toothbrush amp toothpaste Colgate Palmolive Ltd. The surface roughness Ra was measured before and after brushing using Mitutoyo Surftest SJ-310 surface roughness analyzer.Results No significant change in surface roughness was found on CADCAM Polychrome composite after one year of simulated tooth brushing P gt0.05. However CADCAM PMMA and DMLS PFM demonstrated a significant increase in surface roughness P lt0.05.Conclusion Brushing led to an increase in the surface roughness of CADCAM PMMA and DMLS PFM. All surface roughness values were above the clinically acceptability threshold of 0.2 microm.
A Study on Factors of Trust between Police and Citizen Patrols
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Cho Jeonghye , Kang Yonggil
Published: October 2024

Since 1953, citizen patrols have been utilized as auxiliary police forces due to the shortage of regular police personnel, contributing significantly to crime prevention and maintaining order within local communities. The necessity for legislation regarding the organization and operation of citizen patrols emerged in 2006, leading to the enactment of the ‘Law on the Installation and Operation of Citizen Patrols’ in April 2022. With its full implementation in April 2023, there is a need to contemplate the effective enforcement of the law for institutional consolidation.
This study aims to measure the level of trust between the police and citizen patrols and the perceptions of police officers responsible for citizen patrol activities at the stage of devising institutional support systems alongside the full implementation of the law. It seeks to identify correlational and influential factors towards enhancing mutual trust and derive crucial variables for future citizen patrol support system establishment.
For this, through a survey conducted among police officers in charge of citizen patrols in 258 police stations, variables with correlations and influences on the level of mutual trust between the police and citizen patrols were identified. The research findings confirmed that factors such as “evaluation of citizen patrol activities by police officers” and “affiliated city or province” are significant in increasing mutual trust between the police and citizen patrols, reflecting the relational dynamics and regional characteristics between them
A Study on the Effect of Crime Displacement and Diffusion Effect of Crime Control in CPTED Projects
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Oh Ha-Neul , Kang Seok-Jin
Published: October 2024

In order to systematically analyze the effectiveness of the CPTED project, this study analyzed the crime prevention effect of the project as well as the effect of crime transfer and profit diffusion through WDQ analysis. The main results of the study are as follows.
First, as a result of analyzing the crime prevention effect of the CPTED project, it was found that Site 1 decreased significantly compared to the upper administrative dong, but Site 2 decreased smaller than the upper administrative dong. As a result of the hotspot analysis before and after the project, Site 1's hotspot was reduced more than Site 2, but in the two business areas, theft and street crimes decreased and violence increased in common.
Next, as a result of the analysis of the effect of crime transfer and profit diffusion of the CPTED project, the overall effect of profit diffusion occurred in the buffer zone in the area-level analysis, but in Site 1, daytime crimes were transferred to the buffer zone, and in Site 2, intrusion crimes and nighttime crimes were transferred. In the analysis of the effect of crime transfer and profit diffusion at the horizontal level, Site 1 and Site 2 generally had profit diffusion on the buffer zone, but Site 1 had night crimes and Site 2 had theft transferred.
IMPEACHMENT PATTERN OF REGIONAL HEADS IN INDONESIA USING REGIONAL AUTONOMY PARADIGM APPROACH
Authors: Isnawati Isnawati , Hidayati Fatma , Setiawan Adam
Published: October 2024

The issue of the dismissal of regional heads is often discussed in several expert circles because, if examined carefully, several juridical issues need to be comprehensively studied. The involvement of the central government in the process of dismissing regional heads is actually counterproductive to the paradigm of regional autonomy. Regional autonomy is oriented towards the independence of a region to manage its regional affairs. This paper discusses the pattern of impeachment of regional heads in Indonesia using the regional autonomy paradigm approach. The type of research used is doctrinal legal research (black letter law), which focuses on determining the law on certain issues. The results showed that there are four patterns of impeachment of regional heads and/or deputy regional heads. First, the process of dismissing a regional head involves the role of the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD) and the Central Government. Second, the dismissal involves the roles of the DPRD, Central Government, and Supreme Court. Third, the temporary dismissal of regional heads only involves the role of the Central Government. Fourth, dismissal occurs through the DPRD’s right of interpellation and investigation if evidence of criminal law is found. This shows that the pattern of dismissal of regional heads and/or deputy regional heads is centralized and even negates the spirit of regional autonomy because the DPRD does not have a role in dismissing regional heads. Apart from that, there are no clear provisions regarding public involvement in the impeachment process, which tends to have political nuances, making it neither accountable nor transparent.
THE POSITION AND EXAMINATION OF VILLAGE REGULATIONS IN THE INDONESIAN LEGAL REGULATION SYSTEM
Authors: Ananda Adhe Ismail , Ma’ruf Umar
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the position and testing of village regulations in the legal and regulatory system in Indonesia.When village regulations are studied in the perspective of the hierarchy of laws and regulations, they must refer to Law No. 12 of 2011 as amended by Law No. 15 of 2019 and Law No. 13 of 2022 concerning the Formation of Legislation (LcFL). However, in Article 7 paragraph (1) LcFL does not stipulate the existence of Village Regulations in the order of laws and regulations. This condition has implications for the unclear legal status and authority to review the village regulations themselves. Furthermore, the issuance of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, the position and authority of villages is based on the principle of autonomy which directs the form of village independence including the authority to make policies on a locality scale in the form of village regulations. The research results show that although village regulations are not mentioned in the hierarchy of statutory regulations, village regulations can be said to be a further elaboration of higher statutory regulations. so that its existence is still recognized as a legal product, while testing village regulations is carried out using executive preview and executive review testing mechanisms. The executive preview and executive review mechanism is the authority of the Regent/Mayor which was born from the process of monitoring legal products in the village in a preventive and repressive manner.
THE INDONESIAN ADVOCATES ASSOCIATION AS A CONSTITUTIONAL STATE ORGAN
Authors: Sihombing Daniel Romi
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze PERADI's position in the Indonesian constitutional law system and discover PERADI's authority as a constitutional state organ. This research is qualitative research with a normative juridical approach and data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis. This research concluded that PERADI is a state organ, and PERADI is classified as an Auxiliary agent, which has a special position and authority in its function as a state org General Election Commissionan. Institutions or organs established by the state to implement statutory norms as regulated in the provisions of Article 7 of Law No. 12 of 2011 as amended by Law No. 15 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Laws Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation is a state institution or state organ. In a modern legal state, the government promotes and organizes general welfare, which Lemaire calls bestuurszorg. This has implications for government work becoming more extensive. The Indonesian Advocates Association, better known by the abbreviation PERADI as an advocate organization that was born from Law No. 18 of 2003, is part of the government's role in improving the welfare of society in the field of law enforcement so that it can be said that Peradi is a state organ that carries out state functions.
THE REFUND OF STATE FINANCIAL LOSSES DUE TO CRIMINAL ACTS OF CORRUPTION THROUGH AUDIT AGENCY AUDIT INVESTIGATION
Authors: Kristiawanto Kristiawanto
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of returning state financial losses resulting from criminal acts of corruption based on Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia audits and to analyze the form of follow-up to recommendations from Financial Audit Agency audit results regarding elements of state losses resulting from criminal acts of corruption. This research is normative research. The approach method used in this research is a statutory approach. The results of this research are the role of the Financial Audit Agency terms of returning state financial losses, the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia has the authority to make demands for compensation from parties proven to have committed unlawful acts which resulted in state financial losses through criminal law instruments, through civil law instruments or through administrative legal instruments. The Financial Audit Agency as the holder of audit power has the right to supervise the management of state finances and provide recommendations on audit results to the House of Representatives, Regional Representative Council and Regional People's Representative Assembly for political follow-up as a supervisory function and provide recommendations to law enforcers in the event of indications of criminal acts
High Ambient Temperatures Increase Outpatient Visits for Sleep Disorders in Hefei City, China
Authors: Kang Ruihan , Wang Ying , Sun Haoxiang , Yang Jidan , Hu Huaqing
Published: October 2024

Objective: To analyze the impact of ambient temperature on the quantity of outpatient clinic visits for sleep disorders. Methods: Using data from sleep disorder outpatient visits in a large tertiary hospital in Hefei City, a distributional lag nonlinear model combined with a generalized Poisson regression model was used to analyze the relationship between ambient temperature and the number of outpatient visits for sleep disorders. Results: Ambient temperatures above 17.2℃ were found to be connected with a higher prevalence of sleep disorders visits, and that this relationship was most significant on day 8, which lasted for 7 days. For the single-day lagged impact, the maximum relative risk (RR) for moderate heat (75th percentile) was 1.077 (95% CI: 1.015–1.143). The cumulative lag effect was substantially greater than the single-day lag effect, with a maximum relative risk (RR) of 2.609 (95% CI: 1.306–5.212). The longest lag time was 14 days. The RR was similarly greater in women and those over 40. Outpatient visits for men with sleep disorders were not affected by ambient temperature in a statistically significant way. Conclusion: High ambient temperature raises the risk that patients will visit an outpatient facility and serves as a risk factor for sleep disorders. Patients who were 40 years of age or older and women were at vulnerability.
From Legislator to Experts: The Decline of Intellectuals in Ravelstein
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Ding Man
Published: October 2024

Anti-intellectualism is rooted in American historical tradition and has gradually become the most prominent social trend in American society. The rise of anti-intellectualism is also the process of changing the role of intellectuals. With the popularity of anti-intellectualism, authority possessed by intellectuals gradually weakened, not only authority over knowledge but also authority in power mechanism, which ultimately led to intellectuals constantly seeking role transformation. From the aspect of anti-intellectualism and role transformation of intellectuals, extreme egalitarianism inherent in anti-intellectualism and populist politics has expelled intellectuals from being legislators. After being legislators, intellectuals transformed into interpreters, but the interpreter was impacted by division among intellectuals and conflict between intellectuals and the public caused by anti-intellectualism. As anti-intellectualism intensified, intellectuals’ chosen role as experts was unable to cope with the overall anti-intellectual atmosphere of society. Based on Saul Bellow’s Ravelstein as a model, this paper will discuss how anti-intellectualism has affected the transformation of the role of intellectuals regarding social phenomena as well as the characters depicted in the novel.
The Application of Traditional Plant Patterns in Modern Clothing Design
Authors: Ge Yingying , Tan Jinfeng
Published: October 2024

The development of traditional Chinese patterns is closely related to social development. As a part of traditional Chinese patterns, the application of plant patterns in costume design is also closely related to politics, economy, and culture. The application of plant patterns in costume design in different dynasties has different characteristics. It has become an indispensable part of dress design, and the formed dress culture has a profound influence on modern dress design. The application of traditional plant patterns in modern clothing design can not only increase the beauty and cultural connotation of clothing but also bring the meaning of purifying the soul and edifying the sentiment to the viewers and users. Therefore, based on discussing the development of traditional plant patterns in clothing design, this paper analyzes the meaning of traditional plant patterns in clothing design and puts forward effective strategies to do a good job in the application of traditional plant patterns in modern clothing design.
Critical Discourse Analysis of the Portuguese Media’s Coverage of the Belt and Road Initiative: The Case of Portuguese Mainstream Media, Público
Authors: Wang Xinyue
Published: October 2024

Since 2013, when the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed by China, this transnational cooperation initiative has attracted a lot of attention and discussion on a global scale. Portugal has been one of the EU countries actively supporting the Belt and Road Initiative and has signed a formal cooperation agreement with China. Coverage of the Belt and Road initiative has become a window into Portugal’s attitude and impression of China. This work uses newspaper-based data from Público to deconstruct the attitudes of the main Portuguese media towards the Belt and Road Initiative in terms of language use, discursive practices, and social practices, using content analysis and critical discourse analysis. The results show that Público uses both positive and negative terms in its coverage of the Belt and Road initiative, reflecting a complex attitude towards it. Criticism of the Belt and Road initiative reflects concern that Chinese policies could affect Portugal’s national interests, including concerns about human rights and environmental protection, among others. In general, media coverage of the Belt and Road initiative in Portugal has been both approving and supportive, as well as critical and challenging, and this attitude is closely related to Portugal’s international policies, economic interests, and social values. Analysis of this coverage provides a better understanding of the complex global impact of international cooperation projects such as the “One Belt, One Road” initiative and the way they are presented in the media of different countries.
An Exploration of the Legal Aid System in Colleges and Universities in the New Era from the Perspective of Realist Legal Education
Authors: Fu Huayu , He Juhui , Chen Yixuan
Published: October 2024

The construction of university legal aid is an important part of China’s legal aid system, and also an important reform task in deepening the reform of the judicial system proposed by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. However, as China’s legal education mode is still dominated by traditional theoretical teaching and case teaching methods, teachers’ pure compulsory guidance, as the main body of legal aid organizations in colleges and universities, will inevitably increase their research pressure. Students’ voluntary participation takes up a lot of time and increases their academic pressure, and the development of legal aid organizations in colleges and universities also falls into a dilemma. From the perspective of realistic legal education, this paper deeply studies the development model of legal aid center, pursues the rationality of the legal aid system in colleges and universities, and proposes to formulate the grading standard of legal aid in colleges and universities from the construction and ontology dimension of legal aid system in colleges and universities. The legal aid system of colleges and universities should be improved from four aspects: party building, social union, student organization, and network operation. This puts forward the university legal aid “1+4” solution measures. Through exploring the common measures of legal aid construction in universities, the legal aid of universities has become an important force in the development of public legal service causes in the country.
Research on Coal Mine Environmental Pollution Management and Ecological Restoration Technology
Authors: Li Liangliang
Published: October 2024

This paper analyses the current situation of environmental pollution in coal mines, its causes, and its impact on the ecological environment, and systematically researches the management of environmental pollution in coal mines and ecological restoration technology. The paper analyses the main categories of coal mine environmental pollution, including water pollution, air pollution, and solid waste pollution, and discusses the causes of these pollution and their destructive effects on the ecological environment. Immediately after that, the article elaborates on the treatment technologies of coal mine environmental pollution, including physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies for water pollution control, blocking, adsorption and covering technologies for air pollution control, and landfill, incineration and resource utilization strategies for solid waste disposal. This paper also discusses coal mine ecological restoration techniques, including species selection and allocation for vegetation restoration, vegetation restoration models, physical, chemical and biological methods for soil improvement, and engineering, vegetation and agricultural measures for soil and water conservation. Through the research of this paper, the researchers aim to provide scientific basis and technical support for the management of coal mine environmental pollution and ecological restoration and to promote the restoration of the ecological environment in mining areas and the sustainable development of the coal industry.
The Impacts of Chinese Renewable Energy Policies: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Liu Xudong , Zhao Yurong
Published: October 2024

Developing renewable energy is an important strategy to respond to carbon neutrality, contributing to energy transition and sustainable development in China. A dynamic computable general equilibrium model is employed to study the impacts of renewable energy policies on emission reductions and economic development. The basic data is the Chinese input-output table in 2015. The results show that the expansion of renewable energy can reduce emissions and that the power sectors face significant decreases in emissions compared to other sectors; the high economic growth is more conducive to the optimization of energy consumption structure and creates more favorable conditions for renewable electricity adoption; and the share of renewable electricity will reach 48.88% and 50.02% by 2030 under low and high GDP growth paths, respectively. The increased clean electricity derives mainly from wind power and solar power.
The Epidemiology of Vaping amongst Adolescents in a Private School in Bahrain: A Pilot Study
Authors: Khalaf Sara , Al-Mubarak Taima
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The use of electronic cigarettes, commonly known as vaping, has gained significant popularity worldwide in recent years. Bahrain, in particular, is witnessing a notable increase in vaping, especially among adolescents. Given this rising trend, it is essential to comprehensively analyze the epidemiology of vaping among this population. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vaping among different demographic groups, including age and gender. It also explored patterns and factors influencing vaping behavior, such as frequency, duration, and the reasons behind initiation and chronic use. Additionally, the study assessed adolescents' awareness of vaping's potential health risks and evaluated the effectiveness of a video intervention designed to educate them on these risks. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students in grades 6-12 at an international school in Bahrain. This study utilized a modified survey from the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) - The National Youth Tobacco Survey, combined with a video made by the authors, which emphasized the harmful effects of nicotine on the developing brain. Results: A total of 531 students responded. Approximately 90% reported never vaping, while 10% had tried vaping. Among the users, 45.7% vaped daily, 17.1% weekly, and 37.1% monthly. Post-video, 66.7% of vaping students expressed a desire to quit. Furthermore, 88.3% of all students identified at least two vaping consequences, and 72.9% said they would discourage others from vaping. Conclusion: This pilot study highlights the importance of understanding vaping patterns and risks among adolescents, providing crucial insights for future interventions. Keywords: Vaping; Electronic nicotine delivery systems; ENDS; Youth; Tobacco; Video Intervention; Bahrain
MESSAGE FROM THE DESK OF THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Authors: Al-Ghatam Dr. Rana
Published: October 2024

None
Order Management in the Era of Customization
Authors: Netievsky A. V. , Prilutskaya M. A.
Published: October 2024

The economic growth and development of the country largely depends on success in the main industries, where mechanical engineering plays a key role. The economies of different countries rely on industrial enterprises that satisfy people’s needs through the production of goods and services. To ensure competitiveness in a dynamically changing market, continuous improvement and development of enterprises is required. In the current conditions, mechanical engineering enterprises increasingly need to adapt to each individual customer, which in turn forces them to rebuild enterprises to the parameters typical for single or small-scale production. The production process is the joint work of tools, equipment and personnel through which products are produced. The complexity of the process of releasing new products is due to the involvement of a large number of departments involved in this process. Order execution is based primarily on the management of production systems. One of the most important processes in enterprise management is the order management process.

The purpose of this study is to determine the methods of optimizing the order management process and reducing the influence of the internal cooperation factor on the increase of the period of its implementation at machine-building enterprises. As a methodological basis such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison and contrast were used. As the information base, the article analyzes the works of modern authors who consider the issues of order management and such an element of the organizational structure as internal cooperation between departments, their influence on the internal processes of the enterprise and the timing of order execution. The features of the planning process for a single type of production are considered. In the course of the work, the main reasons for the shift in previously determined order completion dates, the most important indicators for order fulfillment, the peculiarities of the planning process at the unit type of production were considered, as well as the most frequently encountered problems during project implementation were identified. In connection with the trend towards changes and development of enterprises, in terms of changes in order management processes for customized products, an increase in the number of created enterprises and an increase in the share of customized products, a conclusion was made about the relevance of studying the order management process in a single type of production at machine-building enterprises. Conclusions are drawn about the need for further study of the issues under consideration. The materials can be used in companies in the real sector of the economy, in administrative structures and in the educational process.
Institutional Bases for The Formation of the Subject of Aviation Infrastructure Management in the System of Ensuring the Sustainability of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Chernyak T. A.
Published: October 2024

The development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) infrastructure is one of the priority areas of managerial thought in the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Commercial use of high-latitude caravan routes in the waters of the NSR should significantly change the situation with the organization of logistical maritime flows around the Eurasian continent. Ensuring uninterrupted traffic along with fulfilment of the conditions of urgency of delivery and cargo safety form the category of stability of the NSR functioning. Its northern part runs exclusively in domestic seas, and ensuring regular vessel traffic is Russia’s priority task in the competition for transporting cargo from east to west (and back) by sea. The movement of ships along the NSR falls directly under the authority of the management of Rosatom State Corporation, while the management of the infrastructure that ensures the continuous movement of transport along the NSR is carried out collegially. At the same time, such an important aspect as the management of the infrastructure complex supporting the movement of container ships with transit cargo has been assigned to three components of a single management entity: the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Russian Far East and the Arctic, and Rosatom Corporation, without clearly defining the boundaries of responsibility for interdepartmental management decisions. To date, this approach has already caused a series of organizational and technical difficulties. The aim of the study is to identify the rational organization of the infrastructure of the management subject, allowing to ensure the sustainability of the movement of passenger and cargo ships throughout the water area of the NSR; it is based on such scientific methods as induction, systematization, grouping Key results of the work may be in demand both in the course of scientific research in the field of infrastructure development in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and in the framework of improving the existing management system of aviation infrastructure of these territories.
e-Generation of Tests and e-Class Record in a Flexible Learning Environment
Authors: Patacsil Frederick Flores
Published: October 2024

As assessment is an integral part of student learning, schoolteachers need to create appropriate assessments, through the use of the Table of Specifications, to get accurate feedback from the students. Recording of student performance is also important to provide basis and transparency to student grades. However, these activities are laborious when performed. This study aims to development and validate a web application that covers the electronic generation of tests with Table of Specification (TOS) and the recording of student performances in an electronic class record (grade book). User requirements were captured through interviews and documentary analysis. The application was developed using the Agile Scrum Framework and was tested for usability using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The developed system proved to be usable with a general SUS score of 81.25 which is interpreted as usable and conforms to the given requirements. The results indicates that the developed system is very useful to the teachers specially during this pandemic period were flexible learning is utilized for teaching and learning.
Understanding Learning Loss in Primary Schools: Blended Learning Policy
Authors: Suarlin Suarlin , Elpisah Elpisah , Raihan Siti , Setiawan Iwan
Published: October 2024

The implementation of blended learning, combining face-to-face and online methods, presents a potential solution for primary schools in the new normal era. However, concerns arise regarding its effectiveness, especially regarding potential learning loss among students. This study addresses this gap by investigating learning loss in Makassar City elementary schools utilizing a descriptive survey design. Among 314 randomly selected students, 56.37% reported experiencing learning loss, with causal factors including student readiness (63.28%), teacher readiness (25.06%), and facility readiness (11.6%). Categorization of learning loss levels revealed varying degrees, with 6.68% very high, 24.85% high, 40.11% moderate, 22.60% low, and 5.65% very low. Predominantly, learning loss was attributed to student readiness. However, teacher and facility readiness also played significant roles. Importantly, implementing blended learning with a pedagogical flow showed promise, with 43.63% of students reporting no learning loss. This research underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to address learning loss in blended learning environments, emphasizing student preparedness while also enhancing teacher and facility support. As educators navigate the challenges of the new normal, understanding, and mitigating learning loss are essential for ensuring effective educational outcomes.
Factors Affecting Reconsumption Intention in Herbal Medicine: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Elizabeth  , Margono  , Rohman Fatchur , Hussein Ananda Sabil
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of customer engagement on the effect of trust on reconsumption intention. This study was conducted on herbal medicine consumers in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach involving 425 herbal consumers in Indonesia with purposive sampling techniques using criteria who are 18 years old and have consumed herbal medicine at least 2 times in the past month. Data analysis using covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) using AMOS application. The study found that trust had no significant effect on reconsumption intention. Customer engagement has a significant effect on reconsumption intention. Trust has a significant effect on customer engagement. Then, customer engagement acts as a complete mediation on the influence of trust on reconsumption intention in herbal medicine consumers in Indonesia. These results suggest marketers need to pay attention to engagement to increase reconsumption intention using consumer trust.
Periodically and Stability Properties of a Higher Order Rational Difference Equation
Authors: Alofi B. S.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to study the local, global, and boundedness of the difference equationTη+1 = r + p1Tη−l1 / Tη−m1 + p2Tη−l1 / Tη−m2 + ... + psTη−l1 / Tη−ms,where l1, m1, m2, ..., ms, s, are positive real numbers. It also studies periodic solutions of special case of this equation. Finally, numerical examples are given to confirm results.
Penilaian Kualitas Air Dari Mata Air Sebagai Sumber Air Baku Untuk Air Minum Di Kecamatan Singosari Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Siswoyo Hari , Haribowo Riyanto , Prabandari Ni Luh Putri , Permata Veronika Yulia , Kurniawan Joko
Published: October 2024

Sebagian penduduk di wilayah Kecamatan Singosari Kabupaten Malang memanfaatkan potensi mata air sebagai air baku untuk air minum. Salah satu aspek utama yang harus diperhatikan dalam pemanfaatan potensi mata air adalah kelayakan kualitas air tersebut. Air yang dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk belum tentu teridentifikasi kelayakan kualitasnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap kelayakan kualitas air dari mata air sebagai sumber air baku untuk air minum. Obyek penelitian ini adalah 12 mata air yang tersebar di wilayah Kecamatan Singosari. Parameter fisik-kimiawi yang digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menilai kualitas air meliputi pH, TDS, nitrat (NO3–), kekeruhan, besi (Fe), klorida (Cl–), mangan (Mn), sulfat (SO42–), amonia (NH3), dan natrium (Na+). Kualitas air dari mata air dinilai dengan menggunakan model indeks kualitas air. Nilai indeks kualitas air dari mata air yang diteliti memiliki kisaran 8,80 – 41,13. Terdapat 10 mata air dengan kategori kualitas air sangat baik dan 2 mata air dengan kategori kualitas air baik.
Analisis Value Engineering untuk Penghematan Biaya Pekerjaan Arsitektur pada Proyek Apartemen X Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Mahesa , Kurniasari Marisa Wahyu
Published: October 2024

Kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal untuk masyarakat sangat besar, hal tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan yaitu kurangnya area lahan untuk membangun. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, pembangunan untuk tempat tinggal dibangun secara vertikal. Akan tetapi, biaya pembangunan akan sangat besar sekali. Maka dari itu, adanya beberapa usaha untuk mengefisiensikan biaya pembangunan dengan menggunakan metode value engineering. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah Proyek Apartemen X di Tangerang Selatan dengan nilai pembangunan sebesar Rp. 203.204.569.971. Dilihat dari besaran nilai pembangunan tersebut, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menghitung penghematan biaya pembangunan dengan analisis rekayasa nilai (value engineering) terutama di pekerjaan arsitektur proyek Apartemen X. Metode penelitian ini memiliki 4 (empat) tahapan yaitu tahap informasi, tahap spekulasi, tahap analisis, dan tahap penyajian. Untuk lama pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu selama 1 (satu) bulan dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Untuk sistem pengambilan keputusan alternatif dipakai metode Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan rekayasa nilai pada Proyek Apartemen X dengan biaya awal sebesar Rp. 203.204.569.971 turun menjadi Rp. 201.685.400.449 atau mengalami penurunan sebesar 0.75 %, yang diperoleh dari pekerjaan jendela (J1), pekerjaan pintu kaca (PL1), pekerjaan pintu (PD1), pekerjaan dinding bata ringan, dan pekerjaan keramik lantai Homogenous Tile KR2B.
Implementation Of Life Cycle Cost in The Bus Station Building
Authors: Damanik Divan Yoan Alvino
Published: October 2024

With the increase in existing development, of course, there must be consideration of careful cost planning to support planning, use, and the end of the building service period, particularly in the building industry. The use of the LCC method in estimation is one part of estimating the service life. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used in this investigation.. The research refers to the terminal development project, and takes a sample of the building which is the focus of the research. The Budget Plan, containing each of its elements, is also the foundation of the research. The building's service life is then estimated and considered to be 25 years of operation., the resulting life cycle cost is Rp. 20,499,410,364, - The largest cost during the service life of the building is 25 years, which is found in operational costs Rp. 9,302,325,418 (40.86%), the initial cost is Rp. .7,769,441,715 (34.12%), maintenance costs Rp. 2,312,949,413 (10.16%), replacement cost Rp.2,249,032,308 (9.88%) and salvage value Rp.1,134,338,490 (4.98%).
Upaya Peningkatan Durabilitas Beton Terpapar Klorida dan Sulfat dengan Menggunakan Silica Fume, Semen Tipe II, dan Protective Coating
Authors: Sulaeman Agus , Herdiansah Yudi , Destianto Anto
Published: October 2024

Durabilitas material beton dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Lingkungan ekstrem yang mempengaruhi lingkungan beton yaitu lingkungan dengan kadar klorida dan sulfat yang tinggi. Metode proteksi material beton yang saat ini sering digunakan adalah silica fume, semen tipe II, dan protective coating. Pengujian yang dilakukan antara lain pengujian kadar klorida, pengujian infiltrasi klorida, analisis visual dan pengujian perubahan panjang. Benda uji dibuat dalam 4 variasi yaitu; benda uji semen tipe I tanpa proteksi, benda uji semen tipe I dengan proteksi coating, benda uji semen tipe I dengan tambahan silica fume, dan benda uji semen tipe II tanpa proteksi. Benda uji direndam di dalam larutan klorida dan sulfat dengan lama perendaman 14 hari, 28 hari, 42 hari, dan 56 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa silica fume pada semen tipe I dapat meningkatkan durabilitas beton terhadap klorida namun tidak terhadap sulfat, proteksi coating dapat meningkatkan durabilitas beton terhadap klorida dan sulfat, semen tipe II dapat meningkatkan durabilitas beton terhadap sulfat namun tidak terhadap klorida.
Evaluasi Pengerjaan Detailing Tulangan pada Komponen Struktur Beton Bertulang Pembangunan Rumah Sederhana di Wilayah Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Gunawan Johanna , Kristianto Anang
Published: October 2024

Saat melaksanakan proyek pembangunan rumah sederhana, penting untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan detailing tulangan komponen struktur beton bertulang karena sering terjadi kesalahan-kesalahan di lapangan. Ketidakakuratan dalam pemasangan detailing tulangan tersebut dapat mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas rumah yang berdampak pada tingkat kekuatan terhadap gempa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pemasangan detailing tulangan harus sesuai dengan acuan standar yang berlaku, yaitu SNI 2847-2019, SNI 8900-2020, dan pedoman-pedoman yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian PUPR. Evaluasi pembangunan diperoleh melalui metode studi literatur sesuai dengan peninjauan studi kasus di lapangan. Hasil pengamatan di lapangan menghasilkan gambaran kesalahan detailing tulangan, seperti kesalahan pengangkuran fondasi, kesalahan jarak sengkang, kesalahan tekuk kait sengkang, dan panjang penyaluran tulangan pada elemen struktural. Oleh karena itu, pengerjaan detailing tulangan harus diulang dan disusun kembali sesuai acuan standar yang berlaku.
Probabilitas Pemilihan Angkutan Umum Bus dan Kereta Api
Authors: Rizki Reza Fauzabil , Farida Ida
Published: October 2024

Reaktivasi stasiun kereta api Garut menjadi pilihan alternatif masyarakat Kabupaten Garut dalam memilih angkutan umum, yaitu kereta api. Tujuan reaktivasi guna meningkatkan mobilitas serta sektor pariwisata. Meskipun stasiun kereta api telah direaktivasi, terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan angkutan umum bus dan kereta api. Keseluruhan populasi  diambil sampel secara acak sebagai bagian dari penelitian. Metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengolahan data yaitu regresi linear berganda untuk memperoleh koefisien variabel yang telah dianalisis, nilai koefisien dari variabel yang telah dianalisis dimasukkan ke dalam model logit biner. Karakteristik pelaku perjalanan didominasi oleh perempuan berusia sekitar 21 – 25 tahun, penghasilan bulanan berkisar Rp.2.000.000– Rp.4.000.000, bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta, latar belakang pendidikan sekolah menengah atas (SMA), frekuensi perjalanan kurang dari lima kali, menggunakan bus, serta mempertimbangkan waktu tempuh. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan antara bus dan kereta api yaitu biaya (X1), waktu tempuh (X2) dan ketersediaan moda (X4), didapat hasil regresi linear berganda yaitu, Y= - 2,008 (a) + 0,266 (X1) + 0,158 (X2) + 0,378 (X3) + 0,405 (X4). Untuk menentukan nilai probabilitas dari alternatif pemilihan angkutan umum, nilai koefisien yang berpengaruh dimasukan ke dalam model logit biner. Hasil menunjukan probabilitas menggunakan bus sebesar 72%, dan kereta api 28%.
Evaluasi Sistem Drainase terhadap Genangan Air pada Ruas Jalan Malangbong-Wado di Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Fitriyadi Adi , Permana Sulwan
Published: October 2024

Saluran drainase dibuat untuk menangani kelebihan air akibat curah hujan yang tinggi. Pada ruas jalan Malangbong-Wado, sepanjang 50 meter, kerap terjadi genangan air dan banjir, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi untuk memastikan sistem drainase bekerja dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan mengolah curah hujan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, yang kemudian diuji dengan metode Chi-Kuadrat dan Smirnov-Kolmogorov. Intensitas hujan dihitung dengan menggunakan metode rasional untuk menghitung debit banjir rencana periode ulang 5 tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa saluran drainase tidak dapat menampung debit yang direncanakan, sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi agar Q saluran (Qs) lebih besar dari Q rencana (Qr) atau Qs>Qr. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Q saluran rata-rata adalah 2,51 m3/detik dan Q rencana 1,50 m3/detik. Dengan demikian saluran dengan dimensi lebar 0,8 meter dan tinggi 1,00 meter mampu menampung debit rencana. Hasil simulasi dengan software SWMM V5.1 menunjukkan bahwa saluran dengan dimensi tersebut mampu menampung debit rencana.
The Relationship Between Individual Characteristics, Religius, And Social Support And Infectious Disease Prevention Behaviors In Islamic Boarding School “X”, 2022
Authors: Hananingtyas Izza , Ammar Muhammad Afif , Shafitri Amanda Adwiditia
Published: October 2024

Background: Islamic boarding schools are places that have a high risk of spreading infectious diseases. This can be caused because Islamic boarding schools have very dense housing and low cleanliness in the Islamic boarding school environment. Objective: To determine the relationship between individual characteristics, social support and religiosity with infectious disease prevention behavior at the Al-Kahfi Integrated Islamic Boarding School in 2022. Method: This research uses quantitative research methods with a cross-sectional study design , the number of respondents in this study was 116 respondents, and the sampling technique used in this research was simple random sampling. The data analysis carried out was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and OR value. Results: It is known that of the total respondents, only 50% of respondents had good behavior. Of all the variables studied, only gender and knowledge variables did not have a significant relationship with infectious disease prevention behavior. In the attitude variable (p=0.015), religiosity (p=0.016), peer support (p=0.09), support from ustadz or uztadzah (p=0.016) have a significant relationship to infectious disease prevention behavior at the Al Al Integrated Islamic Boarding School -Kahfi. Conclusion: There are several research variables that have a significant relationship with infectious disease prevention behavior at the Al-Kahfi Integrated Islamic Boarding School, including attitude, religiosity, peer support, and support from ustadz or ustadzah. Suggestion: Managers at the Al-Kahfi Integrated Islamic Boarding School can maximize the facilities available in an effort to prevent infectious diseases, such as providing nutritious food for students, creating regular joint sports programs, creating award programs and carrying out punishments for students who violate agae motivating students to prevent infectious diseases in the Islamic boarding school environment.