bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing and Using a Computerized Database for Music Therapy in Palliative Medicine
Authors: Gallagher Lisa M. , Steele Anita Louise
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to describe the music therapy program at the Harry R. Horvitz Center for Palliative Medicine, to present different music therapy interventions that are used with individuals who have terminal illnesses, and to introduce initial findings from a pilot study of the effects of music therapy on an inpatient palliative medicine unit. For the first time, a computerized database has been designed to evaluate clinical practice by tracking music therapy intervention effectiveness on common symptoms. Measurement techniques included visual analogue scales and behavioural observation. Music therapy was shown to have a significant effect on common symptoms in advanced cancer patients, suggesting that it should be included in palliative medicine programs as an adjunct to symptom treatment.
The Use of Music Therapy to Address the Suffering in Advanced Cancer Pain
Authors: Magill Lucanne
Published: August 2023

Pain associated with advanced cancer is multifaceted and complex, and is influenced by Physiological, psychological, social, and spiritual Phenomena. Suffering may be identified in patients when pain is associated with impending loss, increased dependency, and an altered understanding of one's existential purpose. Comprehensive pain management aims to address problematic symptoms in order to improve comfort, peace of mind, and quality of life. Music therapy is a treatment modality of great diversity that can offer a range of benefits to patients with advanced cancer pain and symptoms of suffering. Music therapists perform comprehensive assessments that include reviews of social, cultural, and medical history; current medical status; and the ways in which emotions are affecting the pain. A variety of music therapy techniques may be used, including vocal techniques, listening, and instrumental techniques. These techniques provide opportunities for exploration of the feelings and issues compounding the pain experience. Case examples are presented to demonstrate the “lifting”, “transporting”, and “bringing of peace” qualities of music that offer patients moments of release, reflection, and renewal.
An Ecology of Love: Aspects of Music Therapy in the Pediatric Oncology Environment
Authors: Aasgaard Trygve
Published: August 2023

This paper explores how music therapy can assist patients and relatives in the processes of making friendship and love audible in a child cancer ward. Four short patient histories are presented to illustrate a health-oriented, ecological music therapy practice. Two histories describe how texts, made by patients, become songs, and how the songs are performed and used. Another two histories deal with musical communication with dying children and their parents. The paper indicates that these interventions may involve more than palliation (making a disease less severe and unpleasant without removing its cause). Not least, such activities can make it possible for the sick child to expand from being “just a patient” into playing, if only for a moment, a more active social role. The processes of artistic interplay, in- and outside the sickroom, influence various relationships in the child's social environment.
Childhood Interpersonal Trauma and Depression of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: The Mediation Effect of Social Integration
Authors: Zhou Jia-Jia , Zhou Shuai
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study investigates the associations between five types of childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) and depression in mid-later life, as well as the mediation roles of social integration in the associations. Methods: Two waves of data from a nationally representative survey in China were used, with participants aged 45 years and older ( N = 14,180). Measures of CIT included physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, bullying victimization, and exposure to interparental violence. Binary logistic regression and Karlson–Holm–Breen mediation analysis were used as statistical methods. Results: People who were bullied, physically abused, and witnessed interparental violence during childhood were more likely to develop depression in mid-later years. The associations between CIT and depression were mediated by satisfaction with marriage, satisfaction with children, and perceived social support. Discussion: Although CIT elevates the risk of depression in later life, effective interventions that strengthen integration across family and social domains could benefit mental health.
Modeling and multi-objective optimization of abrasive water jet machining process of composite laminates using a hybrid approach based on neural networks and metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Chaouch Faten , Ben Khalifa Ated , Zitoune Redouane , Zidi Mondher
Published: August 2023

Although the abrasive water jet (AWJ) has proven to be a suitable process for machining composite materials, it has some limitations related to dimensional inaccuracy and surface defects. As the performance of the AWJ process mainly depends on the machining parameters, an optimal selection of them is crucial to achieving an improved quality of cut. In this context, the present study reports an experimental investigation to assess the influence of AWJ machining parameters on kerf taper angle (θ) and surface roughness ( Ra) of E glass/Vinylester 411 resin laminates. The experiments are carried out using a full factorial design by varying the water pressure, traverse speed, abrasive flow rate, and standoff distance. A first-ever attempt is made in this paper to optimize the AWJ process using a hybrid approach combining artificial neural networks (ANNs) with a recently proposed metaheuristic algorithm known as multi-objective bonobo optimizer (MOBO). The results show that standoff distance and abrasive flow rate were the most significant control factors in influencing θ and Ra, respectively. The developed ANN models are capable to predict the output responses with high accuracy and the solutions from the Pareto front provide a sufficient performance with a trade-off between θ and Ra. The corresponding levels of the optimal process parameters are 430 g/min for the abrasive flow rate, the range of 140–180 mm/min for the traverse speed, 280 MPa for the pressure, and 1.5 mm for the standoff distance.
Unsteady thin film radiative nanofluids flow over time-dependent inclined stretching surfaces with Lorentz force and heat generation
Authors: Ahmed Sameh E. , Arafa Anas A. M.
Published: August 2023

This study aims to explore the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic thin film nanofluids flow over an inclined stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation. The stretching velocity, Lorentz force and heat generation impacts together with the distributions of the temperature and nanoparticles at the surface are considered time-dependent. During the problem formulation, the haphazard motion and thermal migration are not neglected. The solution methodology is based on the Runge–Kutta method and it is divided into two steps, namely, solution of the momentum equations to obtain the nanofluid film thickness [Formula: see text] corresponding to the unsteadiness parameter S and the second step is using the values of [Formula: see text] to solve the entire system of equations. The major findings revealed that the nanofluid film thickness [Formula: see text] is reduced as the unsteadiness and magnetic field parameters are growing. Also, the rate of the heat transfer is diminishing as either the radiation parameter or the inclination angle increases. Furthermore, the increase in the buoyancy parameter from 0 to 1.5 gives an enhancement in the velocity up to 0.63%.
The visual perception of wetness: Multisensory integration of visual and tactile stimuli
Authors: Merrick Charlotte , Rosati Rodrigo , Filingeri Davide
Published: August 2023

A multitude of sensory modalities are involved in humans’ experience of wetness, yet we know little of the integratory role of vision. Therefore, the aim was to quantify the effect of physical stain volume, chroma and size on wetness perception, and to compare wetness perception under different sensory conditions, including visuotactile and visual only interactions. Eighteen participants visually observed and/or used their index fingerpad to dynamically interact with stimuli varying in physical wetness (0, 2.16 × 10−4 or 3.45 × 10−4 ml mm−2), stain chroma (clear, light, dark) and stain size (1150 or 5000 mm2). After interaction participants rated wetness perception using a visual analogue scale (very dry to very wet). In visual only conditions participants were able to differentiate between dry and wet stimuli, and could also discriminate between different magnitudes of wetness with the addition of tactile cues. In both visual only and visuotactile conditions greater stain chroma resulted in increased wetness perception. Stain size did not have a significant effect in either condition. These results show that visual cues influence wetness perception ( R2 = 0.29), but indicate that visual dominance does not apply in these sensory integrations. Findings are relevant for the design of products with wetness management properties.
Human Cord Blood–Endothelial Progenitor Cells Alleviate Intimal Hyperplasia of Arterial Damage in a Rat Stroke Model
Authors: Sun Hongming , Morihara Ryuta , Feng Tian , Bian Zhihong , Yu Haibo , Hu Xiao , Hu Xinran , Bian Yuting , Sasaki Ryo , Fukui Yusuke , Takemoto Mami , Yunoki Taijun , Nakano Yumiko , Abe Koji , Yamashita Toru
Published: August 2023

Human cord blood–endothelial progenitor cells (hCB-EPCs) isolated from the human umbilical cord can be used to repair damaged arteries. In this study, we used an animal model with pathological changes that mimics artery wall damage caused by stent retrievers in humans. We injected hCB-EPCs to investigate their effect on endothelial hyperplasia and dysfunction during intimal repair. Four groups were established based on the length of reperfusion (3 and 28 days), as well as the presence or absence of hCB-EPC therapy. Damage to the internal carotid artery was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Stroke volume was not significantly different between non-EPC and EPC groups although EPC treatment alleviated intimal hyperplasia 28 days after intimal damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and eNOS expression were significantly higher in the EPC-treated group than in the non-EPC group 3 days after intimal damage. In addition, MMP9 and 4HNE expression in the EPC-treated group was significantly lower than in the non-EPC group. Ultimately, this study found that venous transplantation of hCB-EPCs could inhibit neointimal hyperplasia, alleviate endothelial dysfunction, suppress intimal inflammation, and reduce oxidative stress during healing of intimal damage.
‘Boys, Don’t Be Conscripted!’: Military Service and Cultural Perceptions of the Draftee in America, 1917–1918
Authors: Lukasik Sebastian H.
Published: August 2023

This article examines the dominant cultural perceptions of the draftee in America during the First World War. It argues that the cultural stigma Americans attached to the stock figure of the draftee functioned as a significant source of opposition to the Selective Service System the US government implemented in 1917 as its primary means of mobilizing military manpower. Ultimately, the cultural stigmatization of the draftee merged with other currents of opposition to conscription as a major barrier to the successful implementation of the draft in the years 1917–1918.
Entrepreneurial Finance and Sustainability of Nascent Firms
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Abdullahi , Isichei Ejikeme Emmanuel
Published: August 2023

The sustainability challenges of nascent firms in developing economies were a motivation for this study. Hence, a direct effect of entrepreneurial finance on nascent firms’ sustainability was investigated. The study proposed an integrative model that accounts for innovation capability and government support, as mechanisms in explaining the entrepreneurial finance and sustainability nexus. Data collection was with questionnaire from a sample set of 235 nascent entrepreneurs. Structural equation model with the aid of SmartPLS was used for the data analysis. The study found that entrepreneurial finance, innovation capability and government support all have a direct positive effect on nascent firms’ sustainability. Innovation capability, in contrast, partially mediates the relation between entrepreneurial finance and sustainability. However, the study failed to account for a conditional effect of government support on the indirect effect of innovation capability on nascent firms’ sustainability. The study validates the resource dependence theory as a theoretical lens and highlights the fundamental issues that drive sustainability as it relates to new-born firms, most especially from an emerging economy perspective.
FII Profitability and Market Uncertainty: An Emerging Economy Context
Authors: Jain Sonali , Saha Aditya
Published: August 2023

This study aims to uncover differences in profitability and market timing skills of Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) against benchmarks. Using a Markov Regime Switching Model, the article comments on the extent of information utilization by FIIs during periods of low and high economic uncertainty across global (NASDAQ-Composite 3000) and local markets (NIFTY-500 index). The results show significant over-performance (under-performance) in FIIs against benchmarks (NIFTY-50 and NIFTY-500 indices) during low (high) market uncertainty for local uncertainty. However, there is no significant difference in the overall profitability of FIIs during events of global economic uncertainty. The analysis utilizes precise estimates by taking all companies within the index individually and maintaining holdings for all. The article utilizes profitability measures of cash flows, Modified Internal Rate of Return and Buy-and-Hold-returns. The results of this study are relevant to institutional investors, policymakers and investors, especially during local and global uncertainty events.
Digital citizenship of children and youth with autism: Developing guidelines and strategies for caregivers and clinicians to support healthy use of screens
Authors: Mayer Yael , Cohen-Eilig Mor , Chan Janice , Kuzyk Natasha , Glodjo Armansa , Jarus Tal
Published: August 2023

Over the past few years, screen-based usage among children and youth has increased significantly, particularly among those with autism. Yet current screen time guidelines do not address the specific needs of autistic children and youth. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop specific and clear guidelines and strategies that caregivers and expert clinicians agree upon to support the digital citizenship of children with autism. Using the Delphi method, 30 experts, including 20 clinicians and 10 caregivers, were invited to complete a series of three surveys. The experts had to rate their agreement levels on a series of statements that included possible guidelines and strategies. The final statements to be included in the guidelines were accepted by more than 75% of the panel. The final guidelines included six sections: (1) general principles, (2) considerations for timing and content of leisure screen time use, (3) strategies for caregivers and clinicians to monitor and regulate screen time use, (4) behaviors to monitor for screen time overuse, (5) additional guidelines for clinicians, and (6) resources. The agreed-upon guidelines developed in this study could be the stepping stones for clinical interventions targeting screen time overuse of children with autism, addressing the screen time challenges that many families are experiencing.

Lay Abstract

Children and youth with autism use screens in their daily lives and in their rehabilitation programs. Although parents and clinicians experience specific challenges when supporting positive screen time use of children and youth with autism, no detailed information for this group exists. Therefore, this study aimed to develop clear guidelines that are agreed by expert clinicians and parents of children and youth with autism. Using a method called Delphi, 30 experts—20 clinicians and 10 caregivers, who have experience working with or caring for children and youth with autism were invited to complete a series of three surveys. In each round, the experts had to rate their agreement with statements regarding screen time management. The agreement level was set to 75%. The final themes to be included in the guidelines were accepted by more than 75% of the panel. The final guidelines included six main sections: (1) general principles, (2) considerations for timing and content of leisure screen time use, (3) strategies for caregivers and clinicians to monitor and regulate screen time use, (4) behaviors to monitor for screen time overuse, (5) additional guidelines for clinicians, and (6) resources. The new guidelines developed in this study can provide potential guidance on how to further the development of digital citizenship for children and youth with autism and provide strategies to families to help manage screen time use.
Modal analysis of a lattice type metamaterial by modeling cell structures using Euler–Bernoulli beams
Authors: Ercan Emre , Karacay Tuncay
Published: August 2023

Metamaterials have superior properties compared to materials found in nature and allow the tailoring of static and dynamic characteristics of the cell structures. In this study, the vibration characteristics of the sandwich plate systems composed of lattice beam structures are investigated and their behavior under various loading conditions is determined. In this context, a matrix-based solution method is developed to calculate the natural frequencies of the structure by assuming lattice elements as individual Euler–Bernoulli beams. The same structures are also analyzed with a commercial finite-element solver (ANSYS) to compare the results. In order to verify the results and determine the applicability of the proposed approach, an experimental study is conducted. Unit cell structures are additively manufactured with Stereolithography (SLA) and experimental modal analysis is performed using impact testing. Also, the amount of deflections on the structures under various loading conditions is determined experimentally by performing three-point bending tests on the plates. It has been concluded that approximate vibration characteristics of lattice-type metamaterial structures with various unit cell geometries can be determined in a short time by utilizing the matrix-based method without the need for any commercial software or performing complex experiments.
The future of ship engines: Renewable fuels and enabling technologies for decarbonization
Authors: Curran Scott , Onorati Angelo , Payri Raul , Agarwal Avinash Kumar , Arcoumanis Constantine , Bae Choongsik , Boulouchos Konstantinos , Dal Forno Chuahy Flavio , Gavaises Manolis , Hampson Gregory J , Hasse Christian , Kaul Brian , Kong Song-Charng , Kumar Dhananjay , Novella Ricardo , Pesyridis Apostolos , Reitz Rolf , Vaglieco Bianca Maria , Wermuth Nicole
Published: August 2023

Shipping is one of the most efficient transportation modes for moving freight globally. International regulations concerning decarbonization and emission reduction goals drive rapid innovations to meet the 2030 and 2050 greenhouse gas reduction targets. The internal combustion engines used for marine vessels are among the most efficient energy conversion systems. Internal combustion engines dominate the propulsion system architectures for marine shipping, and current marine engines will continue to serve for several decades. However, to meet the aggressive goals of low-carbon-intensity shipping, there is an impetus for further efficiency improvement and achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions. These factors drive the advancements in engine technologies, low-carbon fuels and fueling infrastructure, and emissions control systems. This editorial presents a perspective on the future of ship engines and the role of low-life cycle-carbon-fuels in decarbonizing the marine shipping sector. A selection of zero-carbon, net-zero carbon, and low-lifecycle-carbon-fuels are reviewed. This work focuses on the opportunities and challenges of displacing distillate fossil fuels for decarbonizing marine shipping. Enabling technologies such as next-generation air handling, fuel injection systems, and advanced combustion modes are discussed in the context of their role in the future of low-CO2 intensity shipping.
Is greenery green? An analytical comparison between the planned, visual, and perceived green
Authors: Yang Qing , Cao Chu-Fan , Li Hai-Miao , Qiu Wai-Shan , Li Wen-Jing , Luo Dan
Published: August 2023

This research established a comprehensive evaluation system for urban ecological assessment. Through research in the fields of urban planning, urban design, and cognitive psychology, this paper defines three ecological evaluation indexes correspondingly. They measure the vegetation coverage of land (planning green), the visibility of vegetation from the pedestrian’s viewpoint (visual green), and the psychological perception of greenery by human (perceived green). This study uses computerized parametric analysis, computerized deep learning, data visualization, and statistical methods to achieve an accurate description of the three evaluation indicators. This study assumes that the three green values may behave consistently or inconsistently at each point. Therefore, this study, on the one hand, tries to analyze the potential factors affecting each green indicator. On the other hand, by analysing the consistency or discrepancy of the three green values, this research revealed the potential link between urban spatial type and integrated ecological properties. Four areas of Brisbane dominated by different functions were selected for this study (Red Hill and Bardon for residential areas, Brisbane City for downtown CBD, and Woolloongabba for industrial areas). The results of the study demonstrate the credibility and applicability of the three green indicators in different areas, examine the various factors affecting ecology, and provide new design strategies and ideas for urban designers.
Establishment of a one-dimensional physical model for electrospinning multiple jets of spinnerets
Authors: Wei Liang , Cheng Xue , Wang Qiushi , Sun Runjun
Published: August 2023

Electrospinning is a technique used to prepare nanofiber material where an electrically charged jet of polymer solution is accelerated and stretched by electrostatic forces. There are two stages in electrospinning, the stable jet and bending instability. Almost all electrospinning research involves the theory and model of a single jet’s movement. Many devices for the mass production of nanofibers have been developed and studied to date. The multiple jets of spinnerets can form throughput nanofibers. However, a greater understanding is needed on the formation mechanism of these multiple jets, which would allow researchers to control nanofiber productivity and instruct spinneret design. In this work, we investigated the formation mechanism of multiple jets based on an annular spinneret. A one-dimensional physical model was established and multiple equations were combined; the wavelength [Formula: see text] with respect to the applied voltage [Formula: see text] was obtained based on the derivation of the theoretical formulation. The theory order relationship was verified with experiments using multiple jets containing the annular spinneret.
Thematic Analysis of Guided Imagery Scripts in a Multi-Health Behavior Change Intervention
Authors: Giacobbi Peter , Loughman Lily , Brink Candace , Shawley-Brzoska Samantha , Misra Ranjita
Published: August 2023

Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that involves the controlled visualization of goals, behaviors, and desired outcomes. This secondary analysis aimed to identify themes in guided imagery scripts for the self-regulation of diet and stress management by overweight and obese women who were trying to lose weight. The guided imagery scripts were developed with the participants using prompts to elicit evocative emotional and sensory terms and phrases. Directed content analysis from 40 participants (21 to 51 years of age) was performed by 2 independent coders to develop a coding scheme, reach consensus, and identify major themes. Results showed 4 second-order themes for both stress reduction and food cravings. Major qualitative themes for stress reduction were imagined “special” places, body sensations and sensory descriptors, cognitive processes, and emotions. The four food cravings themes were foods and food types, body sensations/sensory descriptors, cognitive processes, and emotions. These results provide a framework for health care practitioners to develop simple to use guided imagery scripts to help women regulate stress and dietary behavior. Recommendations are made about how guided imagery techniques can be delivered in-person or digitally by nutritionists, psychologists, or health educators.
Single-stage endovascular treatment in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage with multiple intracranial aneurysms: Systematic review of the literature and multicentric retrospective experience
Authors: Molinaro Stefano , Mistretta Francesco , Piano Mariangela , Fantoni Matteo , Comelli Simone , Gallesio Ivan , Boghi Andrea , Sanfilippo Giuseppina , Venturi Fabrizio , Remida Paolo , Russo Riccardo , Bergui Mauro
Published: August 2023

Objectives

The presence of multiple intracranial aneurysms in patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage is a condition with no evidence of optimal treatment strategy, especially in case of uncertain haemorrhage patterns on cumputed tomography. The aim of this study was to analyse the safety and efficacy profile of single-stage endovascular treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in the literature and in a retrospective case series.

Materials and methods

A systematic review of the present literature was conducted to identify studies related to single-stage endovascular treatment for ≥2 aneurysms; in addition, a retrospective multicentric review was performed. Data on clinical presentation, aneurysm size and location, occlusion rates, intracranial complications and clinical outcome were recorded.

Results

Thirteen articles were identified (all little case series) reporting 189 patients harbouring 389 aneurysms. And 85.6% presented with a Hunt-Hess scale 1–3, and 14.4% 4–5. Intracranial complications rate was 11.5%. Baseline and follow-up (20.5 months) occlusion rates were adequate (Raymond-Roy occlusion scale I-II) in 93% and 96.2%, respectively. 81% of patients had favourable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤2; Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) 5–4) and 19% poor (mRS 3–6; GOS 3–1). The retrospective database identified 53 patients with 115 aneurysms. Clinical presentation was Hunt-Hess (HH) 1–3/WNFS 1–2 75% and HH 4–5/WNFS 3–5 25%. Intracranial complication rate was 24.5%. Occlusion rate RROC I-II was 78.7% at baseline and 15 months and 90.2% at follow up. Clinical outcome at 3 months was mRS ≤2 68.6% and mRS 3–6 31.4%.

Conclusions

Single-staged endovascular treatment can be feasible, although a higher risk of intraprocedural complications, with clinical presentation being the major factor to influence the outcome.
Barriers, supports and constraints on women coaching in tennis
Authors: Pill Shane , Petersen Jasmine , Agnew Deb , Prichard Ivanka , Ridley Kate
Published: August 2023

Background

In Australia, there are fewer women in tennis coaching roles. Identifying the barriers (and supports) for women in sport coaching roles is necessary to inform the development of strategies that will address this underrepresentation of women in such roles.

Aim

This study aimed to examine the experiences of women in tennis coaching roles in Australia.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 women coaches (Mage = 45.5 ± 11.6 years) purposefully sampled from Tennis Australia ‘coach members’. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The investigation was underpinned by the ecological systems theory.

Findings

Five themes were drawn from the analysis of the interview transcripts: (a) stereotypically male profession, (b) career instability and longevity, (c) family/work-life tension, (d) organisational support and (e) career advancement opportunities.

Conclusion

This study provides important insight into strategies that may assist in addressing the gender disparity that exists in the sport coaching profession. Specifically, increased provision of support (e.g. organisational support), guidance in relation to pursuing a coaching career, developmental opportunities and financial support will be important to attracting and retaining women in coaching roles.
Comparison of high-flow nasal cannula and conventional nasal cannula during sedation for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a retrospective study
Authors: Lee Seungwon , Choi Ji Won , Chung In Sun , Kim Duk Kyung , Sim Woo Seog , Kim Tae Jun
Published: August 2023

Background:

The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a relatively recent method that provides high-flow, heated, humidified gas delivery.

Objectives:

We compared HFNC (group HF) and conventional nasal cannula (NC) (group CO) during deep sedation with propofol and remifentanil for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Design:

Single-center, retrospective observational cohort study.

Methods:

In this study, a total of 159 cases were analyzed (group CO, 71 and group HF, 88). We collected the data from electronic medical records from September 2020 to June 2021. The lowest oxygen saturation (SpO2), incidence of hypoxia (SpO2 < 90%), rescue interventions, and adverse events between the two groups were investigated.

Results:

There were significant differences between the two groups in lowest SpO2 and incidence of hypoxia [group CO versus group HF; 90.3 ± 9.7% versus 95.7 ± 9.0%, 25 (35.2%) versus 10 (11.4%); p < 0.001, p < 0.001; respectively]. Among the rescue interventions, the number of jaw thrust, patient stimulation, O2 flow increase, and nasal airway insertion were significantly higher in the CO group than in the HF group. However, postprocedural chest X-ray showed higher rates of abnormal findings (atelectasis, aspiration, and pneumoperitoneum) in group HF than in group CO [group CO: 8 (11.3%) versus group HF: 26 (29.5%), p = 0.005]. In multivariable analysis, besides group CO, difficult type of lesion was the risk factor for hypoxia.

Conclusions:

Compared to the conventional NC, HFNC provided adequate oxygenation and a stable procedure without significant adverse events during sedation for ESD. However, caution is needed to avoid complications associated with deep sedation and difficult type of lesions.
The effect of ixekizumab on axial manifestations in patients with psoriatic arthritis from two phase III clinical trials: SPIRIT-P1 and SPIRIT-P2
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Gladman Dafna , Bolce Rebecca , Sandoval David , Park So Young , Leage Soyi Liu , Nash Peter , Poddubnyy Denis
Published: August 2023

Background:

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting the peripheral joints. However, some patients with PsA can experience axial involvement which is manifested with back pain and associated with increased burden of illness.

Objectives:

The aim of this post hoc analysis was to determine the efficacy of ixekizumab (IXE) up to 52 weeks in reducing axial symptoms in PsA patients, presenting with axial manifestations.

Design:

This was a post hoc analysis of two pooled phase III clinical trials.

Methods:

Patients with axial manifestations, from two placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, phase III trials (SPIRIT-P1 and SPIRIT-P2), were defined as Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) Question 2 (Q2; back pain)] total score ⩾4 and average of BASDAI Q5 + Q6 (morning stiffness) ⩾4 at baseline. For this post hoc analysis, the efficacy of IXE was evaluated at weeks 16, 24, and 52 using separate BASDAI questions (including back pain and morning stiffness), total BASDAI and modified BASDAI (mBASDAI; without Q3), Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), and 50% improvement in BASDAI (BASDAI50) response. Treatment comparisons were performed using logistic regression and analysis of covariance model for categorical and continuous end points, respectively.

Results:

In the post hoc analysis among PsA patients with axial manifestations at baseline ( N = 313), improvements in back pain and morning stiffness at weeks 16 and 24 were significantly greater in patients receiving IXE versus placebo (both p < 0.001). Improvements in BASDAI individual scores and total scores, mBASDAI, and ASDAS were significantly greater in patients receiving IXE compared with placebo. Similarly, significantly more IXE-treated patients achieved BASDAI50 at weeks 16 and 24 versus placebo. The effect of IXE was sustained at week 52. Similar effects were observed in sensitivity analyses subgroups.

Conclusion:

IXE is effective in improving axial symptoms in patients with active PsA presenting with axial manifestations.
Identifying the potential impact of a multidisciplinary outpatient antimicrobial therapy program in an area of high social vulnerability
Authors: Tan Karen K. , Hino Garret , Zhou Anna Y. , Al-Fayiz Hadeel , Rodriguez Sasha , Abdul-Mutakabbir Jacinda C.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) and complex outpatient antimicrobial therapy (COpAT) are common practice in the management of infectious diseases (IDs). However, providing OPAT/COpAT can pose significant challenges pre- and post-discharge, particularly in vulnerable patient populations.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to assess outpatient complications related to OPAT/COpAT in patients discharged with a home health services referral and to identify pre- and post-discharge intervention opportunities and the associated cost-savings that could be achieved with a multidisciplinary ID team-run OPAT/COpAT program.

Design/methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study of patients who were discharged with OPAT/COpAT through home health services over a 3-month study period. Data on potential pre-discharge interventions and post-discharge complications were recorded.

Results:

Medication-related issues were the most common pre-discharge complications, accounting for more than 50% of identified intervention opportunities. More than half of the included patients experienced at least one documented outpatient complication post-discharge with peripherally inserted central catheter-line-related complication (20.7%) being the most common issue. Using previously published cost-estimates, the implementation of a designated pre- and post-discharge OPAT/COpAT program could have saved over $100,000 over the 3-month study period.

Conclusion:

A multidisciplinary OPAT/COpAT program located in a high social vulnerable area can help reduce complications related to a patient’s antimicrobial therapy. Medication-related issues represent a major area for potential intervention. Our findings suggest that a multidisciplinary ID team will have ample opportunities to improve the transition of care, at both pre- and post-discharge, for patients requiring antimicrobial therapy.
Utilising Digital Dentistry for the Management of Patients with Hypodontia of Lateral Incisors
Authors: Pirmohamed Salman , Bomfim Deborah I
Published: August 2023

Management of missing maxillary lateral incisors can involve joint restorative and orthodontic treatment planning and intervention. Digital dental technologies are contributing to better communication and precision of planning both between clinicians and patients and within specialists. This paper outlines the ways in which digital dentistry is facilitating this process with a focus on restoratively-driven treatment planning and delivery.
Development of the Tool to Empower Parental Telling and Talking (TELL Tool): A digital decision aid intervention about children's origins from donated gametes or embryos
Authors: Hershberger Patricia E. , Gallo Agatha M. , Adlam Kirby , Driessnack Martha , Grotevant Harold D. , Klock Susan C. , Pasch Lauri , Gruss Valerie
Published: August 2023

Objective

This study aimed to create and develop a well-designed, theoretically driven, evidence-based, digital, decision Tool to Empower Parental Telling and Talking (TELL Tool) prototype.

Methods

This developmental study used an inclusive, systematic, and iterative process to formulate a prototype TELL Tool: the first digital decision aid for parents who have children 1 to 16 years of age and used donated gametes or embryos to establish their families. Recommendations from the International Patient Decision Aids Standards Collaboration and from experts in decision aid development, digital health interventions, design thinking, and instructional design guided the process.

Results

The extensive developmental process incorporated researchers, clinicians, parents, children, and other stakeholders, including donor-conceived adults. We determined the scope and target audience of the decision aid and formed a steering group. During design work, we used the decision-making process model as the guiding framework for selecting content. Parents’ views and decisional needs were incorporated into the prototype through empirical research and review, appraisal, and synthesis of the literature. Clinicians’ perspectives and insights were also incorporated. We used the experiential learning theory to guide the delivery of the content through a digital distribution plan. Following creation of initial content, including storyboards and scripts, an early prototype was redrafted and redesigned based on feedback from the steering group. A final TELL Tool prototype was then developed for alpha testing.

Conclusions

Detailing our early developmental processes provides transparency that can benefit the donor-conceived community as well as clinicians and researchers, especially those designing digital decision aids. Future research to evaluate the efficacy of the TELL Tool is planned.
Effectiveness of the non-face-to-face comprehensive elderly care application “smart silver care” for community-dwelling elderly: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hong Dahye , Lee Seon Heui
Published: August 2023

Background

Quality of life for the elderly has become an important issue, and services aimed at improving it have typically been provided face-to-face. However, coronavirus disease 2019 has limited the use of face-to-face services, and the need to convert such systems to online interfaces has emerged.

Objective

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a non-face-to-face comprehensive elderly care application called “Smart Silver Care.”

Methods

This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Sixty community-dwelling elderly individuals were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups in a 1:1 ratio. The participants participated in the “Smart Silver Care” intervention using a tablet and smartwatch based on the programs we provided. The participants performed five tasks, five days a week, consisting of physical, emotional, and cognitive programs. Participants could communicate with the researchers in real-time from their homes, and the researchers could remotely supervise their performance.

Results

We found positive effects on the relevant scales testing fall risk (Activities-Specific Balance Confidence [ABC] Scale, p = 0.028; Timed Up and Go [TUG] test, p = 0.001). However, there was no time × group interaction between the experimental and control groups on the relevant scales for depression and quality of life (Short Form-Geriatric Depression Scale [SGDS]-K: p = 0.225; EuroQol five-dimension five-level [EQ-5D-5L], p = 0.172). While the SGDS-K and EQ-5D-5L did not show statistical significance, we found improvement trends in the experimental group.

Conclusions

The findings of this study show that Smart Silver Care significantly improved the participants’ TUG and ABC scores in community-dwelling elderly, and a qualitative evaluation confirmed that it could be conveniently used by the elderly. Thus, Smart Silver Care offers a feasible intervention to improve the quality of life of the elderly, including physical aspects.
Understanding Public’s Adoption of Preventive Behavior During COVID-19 Pandemic Using Health Belief Model: Role of Psychological Capital and Health Appraisals
Authors: Sarwar Farhan , Jameel Hafiz Tahir , Panatik Siti Aisyah
Published: August 2023

Recognizing the importance of prevention during a highly transmissible disease like COVID-19, this study analyzed the effect of health psychological capital and health appraisals (benefits, barriers, contextual threat, seriousness and susceptibility) on voluntary adoption of preventive behavior. The theoretical framework was based on health belief model. The study also proposed the mediating role of health appraisals between health psychological capital and preventive behavior. Participants from Pakistan ( N = 321) and Malaysia ( N = 343) completed an online survey. Samples from both countries were compared for measurement model invariance and variance in path coefficient. Partial least squares approach to SEM using SMART-PLS3 software was adopted to analyze the measurement model, structural model, importance-performance analysis, and mediation testing. Our finding showed that the model explained a higher variance in preventive behavior for Pakistani samples compared to Malaysian samples. Countries were found to moderate some of the proposed relationships. Benefits and threats are the two most important predictors of preventive behaviors in both countries. Psychological capital is more predictive of coping and threat appraisals and is, directly and indirectly, related to preventive behavior via benefits, barriers, and threats in Pakistani sample, and only indirectly related to preventive behavior via benefits and threats in the Malaysian sample. Perceived threat also mediates the relationship of susceptibility and seriousness with preventive behavior. Public health messages should focus on enhancing health psychological capital, highlight the potential benefit and emphasize the perils of not adopting the precautionary approach.
The Relationships Between Instagram Use, Emotional and Behavioural Responses, Self-Esteem, Emotional Investment, and Social Comparison
Authors: Lajunen Timo J. , Sofie Olsen Haug Inga
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the behavioral and emotional responses to Instagram use and the role of individual difference factors in those responses. Data ( n = 315) was collected via an online questionnaire in Norway. The mean age was 24.5 years, of whom 230 were women and 81 men. 84.8% of the participants checked Instagram at least daily, and they spent, on average, 56.1 minutes daily on the platform. The data collected was analyzed using multiple factor analyses, five hierarchical regression analyses, and path analysis. Results show that people, on average, present themselves in an enhanced way and that the amount of people that spend time and money to get content on Instagram and use deceptive presentations is generally low. Most people also get a favorable emotional effect from spending time and being active on the platform. The results also indicate that Emotional Investment, Social Comparison Orientation (SCO), and Active Use are the most important variables for determining an individual’s behavioral and emotional responses on a group level. Other variables found to be important are Life Satisfaction, Representativity Mismatch in Life, and Passive Use. Interesting moderating factors include Age, Gender, Passive and Active Use, and Self-Esteem.
Green Transformational Leadership and Green Mindfulness as Contributors to Green Innovation and Environmental Performance: Evidence From Manufacturing Firms in Vietnam
Authors: Van Hien Vo , Hoai Tu Thanh , Minh Nha Nguyen , Nguyen Nguyen Phong
Published: August 2023

This paper explores whether green mindfulness is the motivation behind green innovation and whether this relationship is moderated by green transformational leadership. The paper also investigates the indirect influence of green mindfulness on environmental performance through the mediating mechanism of green innovation. The above goals are necessary to find solutions that meet environmental goals, especially in emerging countries such as Vietnam. Data was collected from an online survey of 278 managers in manufacturing firms in Vietnam and analyzed using SmartPLS software with the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that green mindfulness directly affects green innovation, which in turn, contributes positively to environmental performance. Green mindfulness also increases environmental performance through the mediating role of green innovation. Moreover, green transformational leadership moderates the effects of green mindfulness on green innovation. These results contribute to the ability to achieve environmental goals in manufacturing firms. The study shows the role of green mindfulness and green transformational leadership in promoting green innovation and environmental performance in manufacturing firms in emerging market contexts.
The 100 Most-Cited Research Publications on Servant Leadership: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hu Dong , Thien Lei Mee , Ahmi Aidi , Mohamed Ahmed
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed the 100 most-cited servant leadership publications in the Scopus database from 1991 to 2021 by using bibliometric analysis. The analysis includes visualization, bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence, and co-authorship analysis. Country contributions were examined, with the United States emerging as the dominant contributor, followed by the Netherlands, Australia, China, and Canada. van Dierendonck and Liden being the most influential contributors. Their work has focused on areas related to servant leadership scales, organizational behavior, and the conceptual development of servant leadership. The analysis of top keywords revealed a diverse range of research interests, underscoring the breadth and complexity of servant leadership as a concept. The study highlights the importance of international collaborations in advancing servant leadership research and emphasizes the need for increased research engagement from non-dominant countries to address the existing knowledge imbalance. The findings shed light on research trends, country contributions, influential authors, and important research themes, helping researchers identify gaps and future directions in servant leadership research. The findings could promote the development and application of servant leadership theory to enhance leadership practices and organizational outcomes.