bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A fusion of deep neural networks and game theory for retinal disease diagnosis with OCT images
Authors: Vishnu Priyan S. , Vinod Kumar R. , Moorthy C. , Nishok V.S.
Published: May 2024

Retinal disorders pose a serious threat to world healthcare because they frequently result in visual loss or impairment. For retinal disorders to be diagnosed precisely, treated individually, and detected early, deep learning is a necessary subset of artificial intelligence. This paper provides a complete approach to improve the accuracy and reliability of retinal disease identification using images from OCT (Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography). The Hybrid Model GIGT, which combines Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Inception, and Game Theory, is a novel method for diagnosing retinal diseases using OCT pictures. This technique, which is carried out in Python, includes preprocessing images, feature extraction, GAN classification, and a game-theoretic examination. Resizing, grayscale conversion, noise reduction using Gaussian filters, contrast enhancement using Contrast Limiting Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), and edge recognition via the Canny technique are all part of the picture preparation step. These procedures set up the OCT pictures for efficient analysis. The Inception model is used for feature extraction, which enables the extraction of discriminative characteristics from the previously processed pictures. GANs are used for classification, which improves accuracy and resilience by adding a strategic and dynamic aspect to the diagnostic process. Additionally, a game-theoretic analysis is utilized to evaluate the security and dependability of the model in the face of hostile attacks. Strategic analysis and deep learning work together to provide a potent diagnostic tool. This suggested model’s remarkable 98.2% accuracy rate shows how this method has the potential to improve the detection of retinal diseases, improve patient outcomes, and address the worldwide issue of visual impairment.
Efficacy of tofacitinib, upadacitinib and olokizumab in rheumatoid arthritis in real clinical practice
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Lapkina N.A. , Baranov A.A. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Leont'eva E.A. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Amirdzhanova V.N. ,   V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kolin'ko A.A. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Ashikhmin G.M. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Aim: to perform an indirect comparative analysis of changes over time in clinical and laboratory parameters of inflammatory activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients who receive tofacitinib (TOFA), upadacitinib (UPA), and olokizumab (OKZ) in real clinical practice. Patients and Methods: the study included 30 patients with advanced RA and moderate or high activity (DAS28-ESR score) who had ineffective prior therapy with methotrexate, leflunomide, or genetically engineered biological drugs for at least 6 months. The patients were divided into three groups: 10 patients received TOFA 5 mg twice daily, 10 patients received UPA 15 mg daily, and 10 patients received OCZ 64 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks. The patients underwent examination before treatment, as well as after 3 and 6 months. The serum level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) was measured using multiplex xMAP technology on the Bio-PlexTM 200 System analyzer (BIO-RAD, USA). Results: treatment with TOFA, UPA, and OCZ was associated with a decrease in DAS28-ESR, CDAI, SDAI, and HAQ-DI scores after 3 months. After 6 months, UPA was found to be superior to TOFA in terms of reducing CDAI and SDAI. Treatment with TOFA resulted in a decrease in IL-6 levels after 3 and 6 months. The study found that UPA did not have an effect on IL-6 levels. However, therapy with OCZ resulted in an increase in IL-6 levels after 3 months, followed by a decrease after 6 months. Despite this, IL-6 levels did not return to baseline values. Conclusion: the results of the study suggest that there are differences in the clinical effects of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and OCZ in RA patients. Nevertheless, all drugs were found to be effective in suppressing RA activity, regardless of baseline IL-6 levels and changes during treatment. KEYWORDS: rheumatoid arthritis, interleukin 6, tofacitinib, upadacitinib, olokizumab, disease activity, therapy efficacy. FOR CITATION: Lapkina N.A., Baranov A.A., Leont'eva E.A., Amirdzhanova V.N., Kolin'ko A.A., Ashikhmin G.M. Efficacy of tofacitinib, upadacitinib and olokizumab in rheumatoid arthritis in real clinical practice. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):51–59 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-1.
Effect of allopurinol on renal function in patients with gout (retrospective cohort study results)
Authors:   V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Eliseev M.S. , Zhelyabina O.V. ,   V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Background: the treatment of hyperuricemia in gout is considered a potential nephroprotective factor. However, data on the effect of allopurinol on renal function in targeted therapy are scarce. Aim: to assess the effect of allopurinol on renal function after achieving the target serum uric acid (UA) level in patients with gout. Patients and Methods: this single-center retrospective cohort study compared changes over time in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with gout who received allopurinol for at least 12 months with serum UA level <360 μmol/L (n=274, study group) and patients with gout who did not receive urate-lowering medications (n=179, comparison group). Results: the mean follow-up period was 1.9 years, which was similar in both groups. The serum UA level decreased significantly from 521±31.1 to 331±21.3 μmol/L (p<0.001) in the study group, while it increased from 517±55.2 to 558±33.3 μmol/L (p<0.001) in the comparison group. The mean daily dose of allopurinol in the study group was 302.2±24.2 mg. The mean GFR was 80.0±28.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 at baseline and 80.8±21.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 at the end of follow-up in the study group, and 78.2±21.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 at baseline and 76.3±27.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 at the end of follow-up in the comparison group. The study group showed significant differences in ∆GFR (0.8±0.002 ml/min/1.73 m2) and ∆creatinine (-0.9±0.003 μmol/L) compared to the comparison group (∆GFR: -1.7±0.002 ml/min/1.73 m2, p=0.003; ∆creatinine: 1.9±0.001 μmol/L, p=0.001). Conclusion: the results suggest that allopurinol, when administered at a dose sufficient to achieve serum UA levels below the target value (<360 μmol/L), can preserve renal function in patients with gout. KEYWORDS: gout, allopurinol, urate-lowering therapy, uric acid, renal function. FOR CITATION: Eliseev M.S., Zhelyabina O.V. Effect of allopurinol on renal function in patients with gout (retrospective cohort study results). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):60–65 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-2.
Risk factors for osteoarthritis: a literature review of historical and current perspectives
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsurko V.V. , Malysheva N.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kasatova T.B. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease, particularly among individuals over 60 years of age. This paper provides a detailed review and discussion of the risk factors (RFs) associated with OA and their contribution to disease pathogenesis. Currently, individual RFs or groups of RFs that conditionally or reliably contribute to the development of OA have been identified. The management of OA involves dividing risk factors into controllable (first-level RFs such as social, environmental, occupational, behavioral, biomedical, etc.) and uncontrollable (second-level RFs such as genetic, phenotypic in an individual, gender, age, etc.). The effect of these risk factors persists throughout the course of the disease, contributing to its progression and worsening its prognosis, including comorbidities. In patients with clinical manifestations of OA, RFs of any level worsen the prognosis much more than in patients without clinical manifestations of OA. Physicians are particularly interested in controllable RFs, i.e., those that can be eliminated or alleviated. Knowledge about these RFs is useful for the initial selection of OA patients during mass screening. It has been demonstrated that gender and age are the strongest RFs for the development of OA. Familial generalized osteoarthritis (OA) is more common in non-young women. The role of endocrine factors in the development of OA is analyzed. Biomechanical disorders and congenital joint dysplasia increase the risk of OA. Injuries, occupational activity, and sports activities may also be potential triggers. The association between OA and obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus is discussed in detail. Hereditary factors, genetic markers, and familial variants of OA are also addressed. The analysis of RF and possible causes of the disease can help in selecting preventive and treatment tools. KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis, joint remodeling, osteosclerosis, synovitis, risk factors. FOR CITATION: Tsurko V.V., Malysheva N.V., Kasatova T.B. Risk factors for osteoarthritis: a literature review of historical and current perspectives. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):66–72 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-3.
Current strategy for the management of comorbid patients with psoriatic arthritis: focus on interleukin 23 inhibition
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Babaeva A.R. , Kalinina E.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Zvonorenko M.S. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Solodenkova K.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Osadchuk M.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in view of clinically relevant innovative aspects. It was demonstrated that the current paradigm of PsA regards this disease as a multidisciplinary entity due to its systemic manifestations and high rate of comorbidity. The development of joint lesions in psoriasis includes preclinical, subclinical, and prodromal phases, which are considered as pre-PsA and an indication for escalating therapy. Inhibitors of the proinflammatory interleukin (IL) 17/IL-23 axis have been demonstrated to prevent the progression of arthritis in patients with early or very early PsA. Consequently, the "treatment to intercept PsA" strategy has been proposed as a means of managing joint damage at the subclinical stage. A substantial body of evidence has been amassed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of guselkumab, a selective IL-23 inhibitor, for the treatment of PsA. The drug has demonstrated its efficacy not only in PsA, but also in patients who have failed to respond to biologic agents and targeting drugs. The authors present a case report illustrating the high therapeutic effect of guselkumab in a patient with severe psoriasis and PsA, comorbidities, and resistance to methotrexate and IL-17 inhibitors. Thus, advances in studying the immunopathogenesis of PsA and psoriasis have led to the identification of new therapeutic targets, which are being exploited in clinical practice through the use of modern selective immunosuppressants. KEYWORDS: psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, therapy resistance, interleukin 23, guselkumab. FOR CITATION: Babaeva A.R., Kalinina E.V., Zvonorenko M.S., Solodenkova K.S., Osadchuk M.A. Current strategy for the management of comorbid patients with psoriatic arthritis: focus on interleukin 23 inhibition. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):73–83 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-4.
Difficulties in selecting genetically engineered therapy in a patient with cardiovascular disorder in ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease)
Authors:   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Gaydukova I.Z. ,   Clinical Rheumatological Hospital No. 25, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sidorchuk I.V. ,   Clinical Rheumatological Hospital No. 25, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Chudinov A.L. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Inamova O.V. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Clinical Rheumatological Hospital No. 25, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Spondylarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the spine, joints, and entheses. It is characterized by common clinical, radiological, and genetic traits. Cardiovascular disorder (CVD) is an important factor in determining the prognosis and treatment options for SpA. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the reference axial SpA, where CVD is a manifestation of both systemic inflammation and rapid atherosclerotic lesion secondary to the disease. Treating AS associated with CVD is challenging because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physical activity exacerbate cardiovascular disease, while experience with gene therapy and targeted therapy is limited. Therefore, it is important to accumulate real-world clinical data on treating patients with AS and CVD. This article discusses the case of a patient with AS and CVD who developed secondary resistance to tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor. The patient required complex cardiotropic therapy, including implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion and replacement of genetically engineered drug with interleukin 17A inhibitor. The article also discusses the rationale for the chosen management strategy from a CVD perspective. KEYWORDS: ankylosing spondylitis, Bechterew's disease, axial spondylarthritis, atrioventricular block, cardiovascular comorbidity, biological therapy, interleukin 17A. FOR CITATION: Gaydukova I.Z., Sidorchuk I.V., Chudinov A.L., Inamova O.V. Difficulties in selecting genetically engineered therapy in a patient with cardiovascular disorder in ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):89–93 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-6.
Outcomes of treatment for chronic shoulder pain using drugs containing polynucleotides and collagen
Authors:   LLC ", Shcherbakov G.I. ,   Eligomed",   , Kemerovo, Russian Federation, Kovtun S.N. ,   LLC "Medical Practice", Kemerovo, Russian Federation, Potkina T.N. ,   Kemerovo City Clinical Polyclinics No. 5, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra- and peri-articular administration of injectable gel implant containing polynucleotides and collagen implants in patients with adhesive capsulitis / impingement syndrome / cervical spondylosis (uncovertebral arthrosis, spondylosis) with clinical reflex and reflex compression signs and orthopedic conditions. Patients and Methods: this prospective multicenter longitudinal 6-month study included 100 men and women (mean age 45 years). The patients were divided into 4 groups (25 patients in each group) based on the diagnosis. Treatment strategy (intra- and peri-articular administration of injectable gel implant containing polynucleotides and collagen implants) was determined by diagnosis and joint inflammation. Before and after treatment, the functional state of the shoulder and pain severity were assessed using questionnaires and laboratory and instrumental tests. Efficacy was assessed by pain relief, improvement in the functional activity of the shoulder joint, and changes in the range of movements in the shoulder joint and cervical spine. Treatment safety was assessed by the adverse effects. Results: after treatment, most patients reported an increase in the range of movements in the cervical spine and shoulder joint, a decrease in pain severity in the cervical spine and shoulder joint, and improvement in the functionality of the shoulder joint. After treatment, a decrease in the CRP levels and ESR was observed. No severe adverse effects were detected. Conclusion: intra- and peri-articular administration of gel implant containing poly-nucleotides and collagen implants for upper shoulder girdle disorders is effective and safe. KEYWORDS: upper shoulder girdle, cervical spine, shoulder joint, chronic pain, polynucleotides, collagen, collagen implant, intraarticular injection, periarticular injection. FOR CITATION: Shcherbakov G.I., Kovtun S.N., Potkina T.N. Outcomes of treatment for chronic shoulder pain using drugs containing polynucleotides and collagen. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(2):102–109 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-2-8.
Examining Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality in South Africa: Practitioner and Academic Perspectives
Authors: Aminu Munkaila , Nomlala Bomi Cyril , Baldavoo Kiran
Published: May 2024

In this study, we examined the perceptions of practitioners and academics perspectives about the impact of mandatory audit firm rotation (MAFR) on audit quality (AQ) in South Africa within the province of KwaZulu-Natal. The paper considered the position of the European Union (EU) and the South African Independent Regulatory Body for Auditors (IRBA) regarding its policy shift on MAFR. The study examined the logical connection between MAFR and AQ. This was through the opinion of 101 practitioners and academics gathered from Tier 2 audit firms and two public institutions about the readiness of the rule in South Africa’s jurisdiction. We utilised a quantitative research method through descriptive statistics to understand the influence of the policy on AQ. Opinions of audit experts through closed-ended questionnaires were a distinct feature of our research, while analysis of the descriptive study was on the usage of feedback from respondents. Results from the data analysis presented provided a general overview of respondents’ opinions on the rule. Affirming our research aim, data from the majority of respondents agreed that the policy would strengthen AQ but maintained that the results of the additional imposition of cost could be worse. While this paper contributes to the existing literature on MAFR and AQ, it recommends that further research should concentrate on pre and post-implementation of the policy employing views from registered auditors and academics from different provinces in South Africa to measure the policy effects of the rule on AQ.
Income Contribution of Backyard Gardening and its Association with Household Food Security: A Case Study in an Urban Setting
Authors: Aphane Thabang R. , Muchopa Chiedza L.
Published: May 2024

Households located in urban township settings experience food insecurity which can be alleviated through backyard gardening. This study is to determine the extent of the contribution of backyard gardening to food security. Based on the Logistic Regression Model, household size, farming experience, employment status of the household head and harvesting frequency were found to be significant in affecting the food security status of the household. The study found that backyard gardening contributes (contribution index of 67.25%) towards household food security. Household specific factors should therefore be considered in policy targeted intervention strategies aimed at alleviating food insecurity.
An Investigation of the Impact of Financial Literacy on Households’ Financial Well-Being: An Emerging Market Study
Authors: Chetioui Hajar , Bouchikhi Yassine El , Makhtari Mohamed , Sahli Meriem , Lebdaoui Hind
Published: May 2024

In view of the amplified inflation rates and economic stagnation in a number of countries in recent times, financial vulnerability became a key concern in both developed and developing economies. The current study advocates financial literacy is a key to lessen financial vulnerability and promote financial well-being.  We propose and test a thorough model investigating the key mechanisms contributing to financial literacy, and how it contributes to individuals’ financial well-being in the context of an emerging market (i.e., Morocco). The mediating effects of indebtedness and financial behavior are also scrutinized. Based on survey data collected from a sample of 848 respondents from Morocco, the conceptual model was assessed using structural equation modeling. Our findings suggest financial literacy as a key to lessen financial vulnerability and promote financial well-being. Policy makers in Morocco and developing countries, where financial vulnerability is more prevalent, may use the current study findings to promote effective education programs to improve citizens’ financial literacy and well-being. Our findings also convey no impact of education on financial literacy, suggesting that education programs in Morocco are still not yet aware of the importance of financial literacy as a key shaping students’ career and financial well-being. Education policy makers are therefore urged to incorporate financial education and literacy as a key component in all education programs. Financial education programs should also take into consideration demographic disparities and therefore design financial education programs based on the target group to better delineate financial literacy in education programs.
Research and Development of Environmental Radiation Situation Assessment Procedures and Methods Following Serious Nuclear Accidents
Authors: Manga László , Kátai-Urbán Lajos , Solymosi József
Published: May 2024

The environmental effects of severe nuclear accidents pose a great threat to the environment and to living organisms. Unfortunately, there have been several examples of this over time. In our work, we present development solutions and opportunities which a nuclear power plant or other nuclear facility can implement nuclear environmental monitoring even under extreme conditions. We will discuss systems and tools that can be used to increase the efficiency of the radiation situation assessment, helping decision-makers to make quick and optimal decisions, thus helping to minimise the environmental impact.
Simulation of decision-making processes regarding the formation of an invest-ment portfolio using IT
Authors: Stepanyuk O. , Senyk Y. , Vinchura O. , Senyk A. , Lishchynska K.
Published: May 2024

Significant changes observed in the global economy and in particular in Ukraine in recent years have significantly increased interest in the problems of investment theory. An example of this is the intensification of trading in shares of large and medium-sized international companies and cryptocurrencies, which causes a rapid increase in their values. It is known that in the theory of investments, the task of optimizing the set of components of investment portfolios is considered as a special case. As you know, the issue of decision-making regarding the formation and optimization of an investment portfolio is in the field of attention both for large investment companies and for private investors, since when choosing among possible alternatives for the distribution of capital investments within the market of financial assets, the investor will receive different results. As a result, it is necessary to understand the amount of income received during the period of ownership of the investment portfolio. It is known, according to Gary Markowitz's theory of investment risk, that the optimal distribution of the filling of the investment portfolio should provide the best income while maintaining the lowest risks. At the same time, the decision regarding the structure of capital distribution is often made in conditions of uncertainty, and the profitability of investing capital in investment objects is of a random nature. Since uncertainty creates additional risks, the investment of capital and the task of optimizing the investment portfolio must be considered and solved in the presence of risk. At the same time, effective investment activities require the use of special mathematical methods and informational tools to support decision-making. In the article, using the Ruby programming language, a model is proposed that can be used in the decision-making process when forming a set of components of a portfolio of securities, which allows potential investors to independently assess the effectiveness of a set of investment portfolios by comparing the growth dynamics of shares available on the financial market. It is known that most of the information an investor encounters is in a tabular format, and according to the methodology of scientific knowledge, a person better perceives visualized ways of presenting information. The model proposed in the work uses visualization tools built into the software product, which presents available tabulated information in a structured graphic form.
Recreation potential of agro-tourism
Authors: Lypchuk V. , Lypchuk N.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the essence of recreational potential, in particular in the context of agrotourism, taking into account the needs of vacationers and the proposed agrotourism product. The concept and meaning of recreation, as a way of meeting the relevant needs of a person and improving the quality of his life, the differences between the categories of "tourism" and "recreation", as well as the forms and functions of recreation that are implemented or possible to be implemented in rural tourism and agrotourism are considered. The essence and features of the formation of the recreational potential of agritourism are highlighted, taking into account the macro conditions in the country, primarily safety, and the tourist and recreational potential of the destination. The complex and multifaceted nature of the recreational potential is noted, it is claimed that the components of the potential are resources, competences and tools that determine potential opportunities, but the possibilities of its implementation depend on the conditions, productivity and efficiency of the economic entity. Attention is drawn to the fact that the recreational potential of agritourism is determined by the product offered by its subjects, in particular by their quality, and by the capacity of the market that they are able to satisfy. The role of providers of agro-tourism services in the formation of recreational potential in accordance with the needs, requirements and preferences of customers is considered, in particular, the need to expand the range of recreational services, in particular sports, to specialize their activities and to personalize the recreational offer. The tourist and recreational potential of rural areas, which is determined by natural features, traditions and ecological cleanliness, has been studied. In the context of agritourism, agricultural recreation is considered, including participation in agricultural work, life activities of the peasant economy and local events. It is noted that the recreational potential of agritourism is largely formed outside the boundaries of agricultural estates, but primarily depends on the individuality and creativity of service providers. Emphasis is placed on the importance of developing individualized recreational activities that meet the needs of vacationers and reflect local traditions and culture. It is emphasized that the effective use of recreational potential is the main prerequisite for successful management in the market of agro-tourism services.
THE ROLE OF SOFT SKILLS OF PROBATION STAFF IN BUILDING A TRAJECTORY OF PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Anishchenko V.O.
Published: May 2024

oday, new requirements are imposed on probation staff, which consist not only in the possession of hard professional skills (hard skills), but also personal qualities, which together constitute soft skills and play an important role in the development and construction of a trajectory of personal and professional development. The article identifies and groups, in accordance with certain characteristics, the main soft skills of probation specialists, which complement highly specialised knowledge and mastery of professional skills, helping them to become successful specialists in their field. The ways of improving not only hard skills, but also soft skills of probation specialists are proposed. The role of soft skills in building the trajectory of personal and professional development of probation specialists is determined. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of soft skills of probation staff and the peculiarities of the methodological foundations for shaping the trajectory of their personal and professional development. The research methodology is based on the modern provisions of pedagogical science, psychology and law, reflects the interconnection of methodological approaches to the study of the process of forming soft skills of probation staff and the possibilities of personal and professional development. Conclusions. Timely updating of educational programmes for advanced training, use of interactive educational technologies, motivation of academic staff to apply innovative methods of developing soft skills of personnel is one of the important issues of ensuring the quality of work of probation bodies. Practical development of certain tasks in the form of interactive learning (trainings, quests, webinars, round tables, mini-conferences) contributes to the change of value and semantic components of professional competence and influences the formation of soft skills of probation specialists, which allows them to build an individual self-education programme and a trajectory of personal and professional development Key words: professional and personal development, trajectory of professional and personal development, probation staff, professional competence, self-improvement, self-education, self-development.
ON THE ISSUE OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS ACCUSED OF COLLABORATION OR CONVICTED OF SUCH CRIMES
Authors:   Personnel of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine,  Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Barakhta V.V.
Published: May 2024

The upward trend in the number of persons subject to court orders to draw up a pre-trial report against persons accused of committing criminal offenses against the foundations of national security of Ukraine, as well as the convictions of such persons, prompts research into the social and psychological causes of such crimes and the development of probation programs to influence such persons socially and educationally. The purpose of the article is to define and study the general theoretical and practical aspects of the work of probation authorities with persons accused of collaboration or convicted of such crimes through the prism of social and educational measures. Research methodology is based on modern scientific approaches to the development of thinking, assessment of psychological actions of the individual, active cognition and assessment of the impact on behavioral change of individuals of different psychotypes. Results of the study. The reasons for the collaboration activities of persons against whom charges of criminal offenses against the foundations of national security of our country have been made are highlighted. The author characterizes the typology of behavioral profiles in accordance with the combination of traits-indicators of collaborators, certain socio-psychological signs of behavior of collaborators, and also identifies individual differences of collaborators and their behavioral profile. Conclusions. The study proves the need for further in-depth study of the behavioral patterns of collaborators, as well as their involvement in socially important processes through certain probationary actions and programs. Key words: collaborationism, collaboration activity, behavioral profile of a collaborator, probation program, training, risk assessment.
MODELS OF THE WELFARE STATE AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Honcharenko О.H. , Sirenko K. Yu. ,   Institute of Professional Development,  Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine,  Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the welfare state model, which has been constantly changing, transforming, having different options for implementation, going through a crisis and post-crisis development. It is determined that only the state, in the policy of the welfare state, acts as a guarantor of social rights and opportunities for its citizens. The author reveals the types of welfare models and their main characteristics that determine the peculiarities of social policy implemented by countries. It is established that the model of the “welfare state” has experienced an economic, ideological and philosophical crisis, which has led to the need to update and modernize the conceptual foundations of its implementation. The author proves that changes in the country’s social policy allow for a clear distinction between programmatic retrenchment and systematic retrenchment, i.e., reduction of social programs or reduction of social expenditure financing in the welfare state model. The author reveals the typology of models of management of the state social policy, in particular: pluralistic, corporate, Marxist and elite models. It is proved that the main social task of the state’s economic policy is “not to distribute benefits, but to ensure the conditions of freedom and independence of individuals who are able to create these benefits and take care of themselves and their families on their own”. The modern version of the socio-economic model of the “welfare state” is to create conditions that will ensure the synergy of market self-regulation and state intervention, and can be implemented in the areas of economic freedom and personal development. In addition, the areas of development of the welfare state are: risks and innovations, social solidarity, social justice, lifelong support, distribution of difficulties between generations, which is part of the concept of sustainable development. It is established that the transformation of the welfare state model leads to a change in the mechanisms and instruments for its implementation, in particular: universalization of social expenditures; policy coherence between social, economic and environmental aspects of development; search for inclusive forms of its implementation and partnership between the State, civil society and business; identification of new directions in global and regional social policy. It is established that the choice of implementing the “welfare state” model depends on the historical, socio-cultural and economic conditions prevailing in a country and is determined by the type of its socio-political system, ideological and spiritual principles, and the peculiarities of the stage of development. Key words: welfare, state, models of the welfare state, social justice, social security.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECURITY OF STAFF IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONNEL POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Private Higher Education Institution  «Rauf Ablyazov East European University», Cherkasy, Ukraine, Hutsaliuk O.M. , Bondar Yu.A. ,   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, Tomareva–Patlahova V.V. ,   Classic Private University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The study examines the importance of ensuring the safety and well-being of personnel in the context of the formation and development of the personnel potential of the enterprise. The authors analyzed the key aspects of social and economic security of employees, such as health insurance, wage guarantees, occupational safety, social benefits, etc. The importance of ensuring the socio-economic security of personnel in the context of the formation and development of the personnel potential of the enterprise has been determined. The study is aimed at analyzing key aspects of employee safety and well-being, highlighting challenges and problems arising in this process and developing recommendations for improving personnel management in order to ensure the stability and success of the enterprise. Various strategies and approaches to motivating employees, their professional development and ensuring stability in the workplace are presented. In particular, the importance of the system of motivation, training and development of personnel, as well as effective management of human resources for the success of the enterprise is discussed. The role of social and economic security of personnel in the formation and development of the personnel potential of the enterprise is determined. Ensuring the safety and well-being of employees is an important aspect of the successful functioning of any organization. The determining components of socio-economic security were studied and recommendations were made for improving the personnel management system and increasing the efficiency of the enterprise. This direction is highly relevant for managers of labor resources management, as well as for specialists in the field of management and administration. The study includes an analysis of the role of leadership, organizational culture, personnel management systems and social programs in ensuring the safety and development of employees at enterprises. The results of the work can be useful for the development of human resources management strategies aimed at improving the working conditions and social protection of personnel, which in turn will contribute to the growth of the efficiency and competitiveness of organizations. Key words: personnel potential, development, personnel, social and economic security, personnel management, enterprise.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPETENCE APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION IN THE STUDY
Authors:   Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Yermak S.M. , Hetta V.H. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Collegium”, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Modern education is to create such system of educational processes, methods, educational programs and assessment tools that give students the opportunity to acquire skills necessary for full self-realization of the individual. The analysis of the scientific and pedagogical research has shown that a competence approach to the study is one of the main ideas to gain a set goal. The main factor of effective competencies formation as a new idea in a human consciousness who studies is his/her activity based on the gained scientific knowledge. At the same time the main problem of the competence approach in the study is organizing such activity. Psychologists defining the activity structure show the following components: a motive- a goal- acts and operations. Thus, in order to succeed, first of all it’s necessary to form students’ conscious motivation to achieve their internal agreement and to make them study. A person’s mental development plays an important role in this process while forming knowledge and skills one should teach how to use the mental development operations, that is how to watch, compare, oppose, analyze, make conclusions and use knowledge in practice. The following pedagogical technologies as organizing educational cooperation, a project technology differential study, a problem use etc. promote in the study. According to the authors a person’s active life position plays the main role in competences formation especially key ones. In public activity the young people form their life credo, realize that to achieve some goals one should study, work and be active. One of the important factors of effective competence study use is its proper regulation. According to the authors criteria of subject and key competencies formation play a main role in competence study regulation. They give an opportunity to monitor not only the competence formation dynamics but also to react, influence their quality and to correct the process. Keywords: competence, subject competence, key competence, activity.
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ESTONIAN EDUCATIONAL POLICY
Authors:   Lviv State University of Life Safety,  Lviv, Ukraine, Ivanyshyn N.L.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main documents on the educational policy of the Republic of Estonia and their impact on foreign language training in this country. The main Estonian legislative documents in the field of education, such as the Education Act, the Higher Education Act, and legislative documents on foreign language policy, such as: Education Strategy 2021-2035 and the Estonian Language Development Plan 2021-2035. Their functioning and impact on professional foreign language training in the country are described. It is planned to switch to Estonian as the language of instruction in all educational institutions by 2030. A language inspectorate will be involved to monitor language learning and the language of instruction. By the end of school, students will be expected to reach the level of independent user of at least two foreign languages. Professional foreign language training (ESP) is limited to certain academic fields, and the number of specialized foreign language courses is constantly growing in line with the needs of the state. The qualification framework of Estonia is described. There are two types of higher education institutions in Estonia: universities and higher vocational education institutions. Methodology. Аnalysis is used to describe the impact of russification on the state of language policy in the historical context. During the Soviet era, repressions were used against Estonian education and language, and the Russian-speaking population was resettled to Estonian lands, just as it is now in the temporarily occupied Mariupol. The comparative method of research was used, which made it possible to identify the characteristic features of the formation of the education system in this country and to draw a comparison. On the basis of theoretical generalization, conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness and progressiveness of Estonian educational policy. Results. The analysis and systematization of information in this paper is the basis for further research in the field of comparative educational policy. It can be used to find possible ways to adapt some approaches of the Ukrainian educational space. Key words: education, training, Estonia, European integration, language teaching.
FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP LEVEL OF SUICIDAL RISK AND EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN MILITARY SERVICEMEN
Authors:   National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Ilina Yu.Yu. , Kobylnik L.M. ,   Melitopol State Pedagogical University named after Bohdan Khmelnitsky, Melitopol, Ukraine, Kukhar T.V. ,   Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis and an empirical study of the features of the relationship between emotional burnout and suicidal risk in military personnel. The analysis of the psychological literature on the problem showed that the activities of the military take place in special, extreme conditions associated with a threat to people’s lives and health. It makes higher demands on the personality of the military man, his moral-willed, emotional, intellectual qualities, which creates an increased load on the specialist’s adaptive systems. Over time, there is an accumulation of negative states, which leads to the development of various professional deformations and destructions. One of the manifestations is the syndrome of emotional burnout, the consequence of which can be the appearance of suicidal thoughts and behavior. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of the relationship between emotional burnout and suicidal risk in military personnel. Scientific novelty. The conducted research revealed that all symptoms of emotional burnout in military personnel are in the stage of formation. Among suicidal motivation, the most pronounced complexes are: anesthetic, anemic, altruistic and autopunitive. The least pronounced are instrumental and heteropunitic. The most pronounced anti-suicidal motivational complexes are: final uncertainty, ethical complex, moral and salutary. The least expressed are aesthetic, narcissistic and religious. The most pronounced diagnostic concepts of suicidal risk are: anti-suicidal factor, demonstrativeness, social pessimism and maximalism. The least pronounced is the breaking of cultural barriers. Conclusions. The analysis of the features of the relationship between emotional burnout and suicidal risk showed that the formation of emotional burnout syndrome significantly increases the level of suicidal risk in military personnel. Psychologists need to develop effective means of preventing emotional burnout in military personnel. Key words: emotional burnout, autoaggressive behavior, suicidal behavior, military personnel.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ART STUDENTS AT FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES
Authors:   Nizhyn Gogol State University, Nizhyn, Ukraine, Kresan O.D. , Smolianinova S.V. ,   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kresan T.D. ,   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the development of social and emotional intelligence in art students at foreign language classes. Social and emotional intelligence is important for various spheres of a person’s life, as they increase their professional and personal success and improve their social interaction. For art professionals, a high level of social and emotional intelligence helps to improve communication with the audience as well as to feel more deeply social and emotional phenomena that need to be reflected through art. The article analyzes the features of social and emotional intelligence as psychological phenomena, their common and distinctive features. By comparing the structural components of social and emotional intelligence, their close relationship and the importance of complex development for the individual are proven. The authors made a theoretical analysis of the definition and understanding of social and emotional intelligence in modern psychology. An empirical study was conducted to investigate the level of emotional intelligence in art students of the National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture (NAFAA), Kyiv. The research method was Hall test of emotional intelligence, which measures the general level of emotional intelligence, as well as its level according to scales. The results of the empirical study show that the students have mostly a low level of emotional intelligence. The article attempts to provide recommendations how to foster emotional intelligence development at foreign language classes which take into account students’ psychological characteristics and future profession. The practical results of the study can be applied at foreign language classes at art universities in order to increase students’ social and emotional intelligence. Key words: social intelligence, emotional intelligence, foreign language classes, methods of developing emotional intelligence, empathic listening, empathic discussion, holistic learning.