bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Web-Based Text-to-Speech Tool in Improving English Pronunciation and Changing Perception of Error Correction among Young Learners
Authors: James Ian
Published: November 2023

Text-to-speech is a web-based tool that has the potential to improve English as a Second Language (ESL) learnersâ€™ spoken production. This research explored the role of that tool in helping reluctant speakers to improve their pronunciation. It also explored its role in changing their perception of error correction. The research was conducted in a Malaysian primary school in a small village. It was targeted at 9 children who had been identified as proficient writers but reluctant speakers. In the first cycle of the research, the text-to-speech tool was used as a method of instruction. It was used to assist them in pronouncing words correctly by producing conversation scripts and converting them into spoken output through a web-based text-to-speech tool (http://www.ivona.com). In the second cycle, the same activity was carried out but a more playful approach was applied. Throughout these two cycles, the respondentsâ€™ pronunciation and perception of error correction were observed and evaluated. The data in this research were gathered through audio recording, transcription, observation, interviews, and journal entries. The findings of this research reveal that the use of a web-based text-to-speech tool can improve childrenâ€™s pronunciation because it enables them to use authentic and conversational language. Secondly, the use of this tool can improve childrenâ€™s perception of error correction by means of a non-threatening, self-regulated learning environment. This research also reveals that the use of a web-based text-to-speech tool can be developed if it is combined with various strategies such as gamification, positive reinforcements, and cooperative learning.
Implementation of Smart Corn Planter (SCP) to Support Food Security in Agricultural Area Gondosuli Village Probolinggo Regency
Authors: Iskandar Syah Abdullah , Tri Handoko Wahyu , Zainul Falah Moh. , Kurniawan Ryan , Hafid Ahmad , Dwi Prasetya Didik
Published: November 2023

Gondosuli Village is located in Pakuniran, Probolinggo, East Java, and has an area of 11.66 km² (4.50 sq mi), consisting of agricultural land, settlements, public facilities, and mountain forests beneath Mount Rengganis. crops in Gondosuli village are dominated by rice and corn during the rainy season, and tobacco during the dry season. Corn has an important role as a commercial commodity in this village because it is used as animal feed, industrial raw materials, and also as a food ingredient. The process of planting seeds in Gondosuli village itself is still classified as using the traditional method where only using wood as a seed hole maker, and the seeds are inputted by human labor, and the distance between the seeds is only estimated by the farmer, in this way the seed planting process requires a lot of effort and time. big. A push corn planting tool or Smart corn planter is a tool used to grow corn efficiently and effectively on agricultural land. By using the Smart corn planter, farmers can grow corn quickly and more easily, and save effort and time. In addition, this tool can also help produce regular and even corn crops.

Keywords: Smart Corn Planter (SCP), Gondosuli Village, Support Food Security
Implementation of Appropriate Technology Polycrystalline Photovoltaic as New Renewable Alternative Energy in Public Street Lighting (PJU) at Pakuniran Probolinggo Area
Authors: Azhari Muhammad Holqi Rizki , Handoko Wahyu Tri , Falah Moh. Zainul , Rahmat Busono Milzam , Faraasyatul ‘Alam Ghasa , Sucipto Sucipto , Umam Khotibul
Published: November 2023

Public road lighting (PJU) in the Pakuniran area, Probolinggo, East Java, more precisely in Gondosuli Village, is not sufficient. An environment without street lighting will be like a dead zone and can occur in many cases of crime, and traffic accidents and will hurt social life at night. Therefore, the community service team at the State University of Malang (UM) through student service provided a solution to reaching the road by utilizing new, renewable energy from polycrystalline solar panels to turn on the lights at night. The results of observations and site surveys show that several points require PJU installation with polycrystalline technology. The implementation carried out in Gondosuli Village was carried out in several stages, namely: observation, preparation of PJU designs, training and maintenance, performance testing, and evaluation tools. This activity, which was completed within 2 months, resulted in 5 PJUs being placed at several points with minimal lighting conditions and received a positive response from the community.

Keywords: Public Street Lighting, Polycrystalline Photovoltaic, Gondosuli Village
Prevención de riesgos laborales (Ley 31/1995): derechos y obligaciones de las empresas y de los trabajadores
Authors: Del Val y de la Fuente Eustasio
Published: November 2023

La Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales (Ley 31/1995, de 8 de noviembre) pretende ser el pilar fundamental o el marco general de las acciones preventivas en las empresas españolas.
Con su aprobación se ha dado cumplimiento al mandato contenido en el artículo 40.2 de la Constitución Española, así como se ha producido la trasposición al ordenamiento jurídico español de la normativa de la Unión Europea (principalmente la Directiva 89/391/CEE, también conocida como «nueva Directiva-Marco», que debió haber sido traspuesta antes del 31-12-1992), a la vez que ha incorporado al Derecho español los compromisos contraídos con la OIT a partir de la ratificación del Convenio número 155.
Por otra parte, la ley trata de poner fin a una gran dispersión normativa anteriormente vigente y de actualizar regulaciones desfasadas o de regular situaciones nuevas no contempladas en la normativa anterior.
La ley entrará en vigor a partir del día 10 de febrero de 1996.
Breves comentarios a las disposiciones laborales y de Seguridad Social contenidas en el Real Decreto-Ley 12/1995, de 28 de diciembre, sobre medidas urgentes en materia presupuestaria, tributaria y financiera
Authors: Calvente Menéndez Juan
Published: November 2023

– La no aprobación y devolución al Gobierno del Proyecto de Ley de Presupuestos Generales del Estado para 1996 determinó, conforme al artículo 134.4 de la Constitución (CE), la automática prórroga para este año de los Presupuestos correspondientes al ejercicio 1995; y no sólo de su estado de ingresos y gastos en sentido estricto, sino también de las demás normas incluidas en la Ley de Presupuestos.
Dichos Presupuestos, aprobados mediante Ley 41/1994, de 30 de diciembre, incluían en materia de Seguridad Social -en lo que aquí interesa-, la regulación para el año 1995 de los tipos y bases de cotización y otros aspectos básicos de la cotización a la Seguridad Social.
En la Ley anual de Presupuestos se ha venido incluyendo «un conjunto de normas que guardan conexión directa con el ingreso y con el gasto» (públicos), sirviendo «de soporte a las obligaciones y derechos del Estado en el correspondiente ejercicio económico». Considerando que las cotizaciones sociales son el principal ingreso de los Presupuestos de la Seguridad Social -que son una parte de los Presupuestos Generales del Estado-, desde la Ley 31/1991, de 30 de diciembre, se incluyen dentro de las Leyes de Presupuestos las normas básicas relativas a los elementos definitorios de la obligación de cotizar en cada ejercicio (aprobándose así las bases y tipos de cotización de cada año).
Además, en los últimos años se consolidó la práctica de aprobar, junto con la Ley de Presupuestos de cada año, una llamada «Ley de Acompañamiento» que incluía la regulación de diversos aspectos orientados a la aplicación de la política económica y presupuestaria. Así, tras las importantísimas reformas introducidas en el ámbito laboral en 1994, entre ellas la relativa a la normativa de contratación, la Ley 42/1994, de 30 de diciembre, incluyó el «programa de fomento del empleo para 1995» (art. 44).
Ambos aspectos, cotizaciones sociales y programa de fomento del empleo, son objeto de una atención específica por el Real Decreto-Ley 12/1995, de 28 de diciembre, sobre medidas urgentes en materia presupuestaria, tributaria y financiera, dictado para solventar algunos problemas ocasionados por la prórroga presupuestaria, al considerar el Gobierno que ello suponía una efectiva situación de «extraordinaria y urgente necesidad».
El impacto económico de los programas de selección de personal: la utilidad
Authors: De Haro García José Manuel
Published: November 2023

Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 1995
El problema de la utilidad se enmarca dentro de otro problema más amplio que afecta a los especialistas en psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones. Este problema se refiere a la cuantificación de las contribuciones de tales expertos en dirección de recursos humanos, al éxito u obtención de beneficios de la organización a la que prestan sus servicios. La cuestión es si su contribución es realmente intangible comparada con otras funciones de dirección como finanzas, márketing o ingeniería, o si se puede medir de alguna manera. Dicho en otros términos: ¿cuál es el valor real de los programas de gestión de los recursos humanos en la mejora de la productividad organizacional?, ¿contribuyen sus trabajos a conseguir más beneficios para las empresas?
La responsabilidad del técnico en seguridad e higiene en el trabajo
Authors: Vélez Toro Antonio José
Published: November 2023

Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 1995
Ante todo debemos tener en cuenta que el técnico, como persona que posee los conocimientos especiales de una ciencia o arte, se encuentra en el ámbito siempre controvertido de la empresa. En ella hay una contraposición entre capital y trabajo que en ningún momento se puede obviar. En esta tensión se mueve el technicus, bien como profesional que arrienda sus servicios, bien como trabajador de la empresa, en la que, por una parte, es trabajador y, por otra, es encargado o delegado del empresario, ejecutando sus órdenes, directamente o a través de superior interpuesto.
En dicha tensión hay que situar al técnico especialmente en sus deberes de seguridad. Desde esta configuración podremos encontrar respuestas adecuadas a las responsabilidades que dimanan de su cometido.
Sólo así podremos delimitar la responsabilidad, evitando cargar sobre la figura del técnico incumplimientos ajenos, de naturaleza técnica o empresarial.
La buena fe en el contrato de trabajo
Authors: Gil y Gil José Luis
Published: November 2023

2.º Premio Estudios Financieros 1996.Modalidad: Derecho del Trabajo y Seguridad Social.
1. El principio de la buena fe se halla muy vinculado al de la confianza, que constituye la base esencial de todas las relaciones humanas (Larenz, 1958: 142) (1). El principio de la buena fe obliga a mantener la confianza despertada de modo imputable, esto es, aquella que se suscita cuando se sabía o debía saberse que el otro iba a confiar; pero el principio de la buena fe va más allá, al postular un respeto recíproco así en el ejercicio de los derechos como en el cumplimiento de las obligaciones, y al exigir el comportamiento que puede esperarse entre las personas que intervienen honestamente en el tráfico (Larenz, 1985: 96).
La jurisprudencia y la doctrina están llamadas a concretar caso por caso el contenido de la buena fe, tarea en la cual conviene tener presentes dos indicaciones que realiza Larenz (1985: 97). En primer lugar, la cláusula general no es una «fórmula vacía», en la que cada cual pueda introducir lo que le venga en gana; antes bien, «tiene un contenido, aunque no esté precisamente perfilada y no posea la forma de una definición»; los principios poseen una función negativa, que consiste en la exclusión de los valores contrapuestos y de las normas que descansan sobre estos valores, y hay muchos casos en que todos estarían de acuerdo en que una conducta determinada ha vulnerado las exigencias de la buena fe; por eso, la doctrina y la jurisprudencia pueden colaborar en la tarea de concreción de la cláusula general de buena fe, mediante la identificación de casos ejemplares como el venire contra factum proprium. En segundo lugar, y precisamente porque no hay una definición, no puede llevarse a cabo una subsunción: «la buena fe no es un concepto, es un principio, formulado con la forma exterior de una regla de derecho, que no es adecuado para que se realice una aplicación inmediata en cada caso particular, porque está necesitado de concreción». La concreción se lleva a cabo paso a paso. En palabras de Wieacker (1956: 40), la aplicación de una cláusula general «contribuye a la creación del Derecho futuro, de la misma manera que cada golpe de aguja a la formación del tejido: traza una línea cuya dirección no puede establecerse previamente».
An assessment of the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on manufacturing small and medium enterprises : a case study of Durban, South Africa
Authors:   , Khuzwayo Mlondi Eugene
Published: November 2023

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in economies of both developing and developed countries. They are one of key strategies in combating socio economic issues such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality. For this reason, it is crucial that they are sustained and elevated as the world is progressing from the third industrial revolution to the fourth industrial revolution(4IR). The aim of the research is to assess the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on manufacturing SMEs in Durban, South Africa. Manufacturing SMEs in Durban contribute about 20% of the gross value added to the economy of the city, which is a significant contribution. It is therefore imperative to uncover how the advancements in technology due to 4IR impacts this sector. A non-probability snowball sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 20 respondents who were either owners or people in high management positions in Durban’s Manufacturing SMEs. Data was collected through structured interviews and analysed using content analysis, a qualitative data analysis technique. The results suggest that manufacturing SMEs in Durban know about 4IR. According to their understanding, 4IR is an enhanced and all-inclusive system that fuses physical, digital, and technological systems, built on prior revolutions to improve business processes, business growth and transformation through modern smart and intelligent technologies. The study recommends that manufacturing SMEs should prioritize education and training, innovate their business models to accommodate policies that relate to technological disruptions. They should also invest on innovation, research and development, and smart infrastructure and investment. Finally, this research suggests that SMEs in different industries do comparable studies to determine the effects of 4IR. The results further support a proposal for a study that evaluates the effect of Covid-19 on the use of 4IR by manufacturing SMEs in Durban.
Az ellenőrzési körön kívül eső elháríthatatlan ok értelmezése a vadászható állat által okozott kárért való felelősség alóli kimentés körében
Authors: Pap Márk
Published: November 2023

A Ptk. 6:563. §-a a vadászható állat által okozott kárért való felelősséget a vadászatra jogosultra telepíti, aki a felelősség alól annak bizonyításával mentesülhet, hogy a kárt az ellenőrzési körén kívül eső elháríthatatlan ok idézte elő. A kimentési klauzula értelmezését a jogirodalomban bizonytalanság övezi, ami elsődlegesen arra vezethető vissza, hogy a vadászható állat nem áll a vadászatra jogosult közvetlen uralma alatt, ezért ellentmondásnak tűnik, hogy lenniük kell olyan eseteknek, amikor a vadászható állat kárkövetkezménnyel járó tevékenysége nem minősül a vadászatra jogosult ellenőrzési körén kívül eső elháríthatatlan oknak. Jelen tanulmányban a dogmatikai elemzés módszerével igyekszünk hozzájárulni a vadászható állat által okozott kárért való felelősség alóli kimentés feltételeinek helyes értelmezéséhez. Ezért a felelősség pozitív feltételeinek bemutatását követően azt elemezzük, hogy az ellenőrzési kör fogalmát a jogalkotó, a bírói gyakorlat és a jogirodalom miként értelmezi azon felelősségi tényállások esetén, amelyek kimentési klauzulájában e fogalom megjelenik, és ennek alapján igyekszünk a vadászható állat által okozott kárért való felelősség körében is alkalmazható tanulságokat leszűrni. Ezt követően rátérünk a jogalkotó által a Vtv. 75/A. § (1) bekezdésében adott autentikus jogértelmezés által felvetett kérdések tárgyalására, majd az elháríthatatlanság fogalmának értelmezéséhez segítségül hívható jogirodalmi álláspontokat és bírói gyakorlatot vesszük szemügyre.
Aplikasi BGA UMAHA Sebagai Pendeteksi Gas Darah Disertai Interpretasi Hasil Berbasis Android
Authors: Yusmiati Siti Nur Husnul , Yuntarso Anton , Nugraha Jusak
Published: November 2023

Derajat keasaman tubuh dapat mengalami peningkatan (alkalosis) dan penurunan (asidosis) akibat gangguan keseimbangan kation anion serta kegagalan transportasi dan produksi makromolekul sehingga permasalahan suatu fungsi sel dapat terjadi. Afinitas Ferro(Fe2+) yang terikat oleh molekul histidin dalam struktur haemoglobin terhadap oksigen akan terganggu jika pH darah arteri lebih kecil dari 7,35 atau lebih besar dari 7,45. Tingkat gangguan asam basa tubuh dapat diukur menggunakan alat gas darah. Pada saat pertama kali muncul alat gas darah hanya menyajikan hasil pH, pCO2, dan pO2dimana parameter yang lain seperti HCO3, BE, O2saturasi harus diplot terlebih dahulu menggunakan tabel Siggard Anderson. Perkembangan teknologi, mendukung terciptanya alat gas darah yang terintegrasi dengan logaritma bahasa program parameter hitungan, sehingga nilai HCO3,Base Excess Extra Cellular Fluid(BEecf), Base Excess Blood(BEB), O2 saturasi, dan parameter lain dapat termunculkan setelah didapatkan nilai pH, pCO2, dan pO2. Basis penelitian ini adalah pembuatan aplikasi mobile BGA UMAHA versi 0.1.0 yang dapat memberikan hasil interpretasi secara cepat, tepat, praktis, dan murah dengan tambahan inputan suhu tubuh dan kadar Hb pasien untuk mendapatkan nilai BEBase dan O2saturasi yang diperlukan, dengan demikian diharapkan permasalahan stabilitas alat, tingkat kelelahan klinisi dan efisiensi biaya dapat dilakukan. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah aplikasi mobile BGA UMAHA versi 0.1.0 dapat memunculkan parameter hitungan dengan inputan suhu dan kadar Hb dengan akurasi tinggi tanpa dipengaruhi nilai LOD alat serta dapat memunculkan interpretasi hasil.
ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA EM DIABÉTICOS TIPO 1
Authors: Alves Josinelia Gadelha de Oliveira , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: November 2023

O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) geralmente se apresenta na infância ou adolescência e se manifesta clinicamente por hiperglicemia e cetoacidose diabética. É uma doença autoimune caracterizada por infiltração linfocítica e destruição de células secretoras de insulina nas ilhotas de Langerhans. A influência do profissional farmacêutico para o acompanhamento dos pacientes com DM1 fundamental, pois o cuidado envolve o controle da glicemia, o uso de regimes posológicos, mudanças nos hábitos de vida e seleção de medicamentos de acordo com as necessidades, segurança, custo e eficácia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral identificar o que é diabetes mellitus e a eficácia do controle da diabetes com a orientação do farmacêutico através da atenção farmacêutica. Foi utilizada a metodologia de revisão de literatura, com base nos anos de 2020 à 2023. A influência do profissional farmacêutico para o acompanhamento dos pacientes com DM1 fundamental, pois o cuidado envolve o controle da glicemia, o uso de regimes posológicos, mudanças nos hábitos de vida e seleção de medicamentos de acordo com as necessidades, segurança, custo e eficácia.
Highly stratified mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean in PlioMIP2
Authors: Weiffenbach Julia E. , Dijkstra Henk A. , von der Heydt Anna S. , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Chan Wing-Le , Chandan Deepak , Feng Ran , Haywood Alan M. , Hunter Stephen J. , Li Xiangyu , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Peltier W. Richard , Stepanek Christian , Tan Ning , Tindall Julia C. , Zhang Zhongshi
Published: November 2023

Abstract. During the mid-Pliocene (3.264–3.025 Ma), atmospheric CO2 concentrations were approximately 400 ppm and the Antarctic ice sheet was substantially reduced compared to today. Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean, which plays a crucial role in the global oceanic circulation and climate regulation. Using results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP2), we investigate Southern Ocean conditions during the mid-Pliocene with respect to the pre-industrial period. We find that the mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming in the Southern Ocean is 2.8 °C, while global mean SST warming is 2.4 °C. The enhanced warming is strongly tied to a dramatic decrease in sea-ice cover over the mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean. We also see a freshening of the ocean (sub)surface, driven by an increase in precipitation over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. The warmer and fresher surface leads to a highly stratified Southern Ocean, that can be related to weakening of the deep abyssal overturning circulation. Sensitivity simulations show that the decrease in sea-ice cover and enhanced warming is largely a consequence of the reduction of the Antarctic ice sheet. In addition, the mid-Pliocene geographic boundary conditions are responsible for approximately half of the increase in mid-Pliocene SST warming, sea ice loss, precipitation and stratification increase over the Southern Ocean. From these results, we conclude that a strongly reduced Antarctic Ice Sheet during the mid-Pliocene has a substantial influence on the state of the mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean and exacerbates the changes that are induced by a higher CO2 concentration alone. This is relevant for the long-term future of the Southern Ocean, as we expect melting of the western Antarctic ice sheet in the future, an effect that is not currently taken into account in future projections by CMIP ensembles.
The calcitic test growth rate of Spirillina vivipara (Foraminifera)
Authors: Nagai Yukiko , Uematsu Katsuyuki , Mamo Briony , Toyofuku Takashi
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Foraminiferal groups encompass vastly differing morphologies, ecological preferences and elemental/ isotopic test compositions. For some of these groups, the calcification mechanism is completely unknown, but is likely differing from that of well-studied groups. This study aimed to understand the test growth and calcification rate of Spirillina vivipara Ehrenberg, 1843 (Order Spirillinida), and to compare them to other foraminifera species. Spirillinids have a closely coiled spiral chamber like a tube, yet their calcitic microstructure is unique amongst foraminifera. Calcification observations in S. vivipara facilitate the estimation of carbonate precipitation rates during active test elongation, which are revealed to be independent of the individual’s size. We found that S. vivipara grows its test in response to food availability, suggesting that calcification directly corresponds to cell growth. Timelapse observations of S. vivipara indicate continuous growth, suggesting active growth phases and interspersed rest periods, hinting at potential biological rhythms in the growth and calcification process. We also implemented a 24-hour observation period using Calcein staining, showing calcite precipitation rates of 8.08 µm/hour in S. vivipara, which correspond to approximately 364 nmol/cm2/min i.e. 36.4mg/cm2/min. These rates are higher than those published for other foraminifera and those in most inorganic precipitation experiments. Such high rates in spirillinid foraminifera may explain their distinctive morphology, elemental composition, unusual reproduction and ecological distribution.
Riverine Sediment Response to Deforestation in the Amazon Basin
Authors: Narayanan Anuska , Cohen Sagy , Gardner John Robert
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The Amazon experiences thousands of square kilometres of deforestation annually with recent rates increasing to levels unseen since the late 2000s. These increased rates of deforestation within the basin have led to changes in sediment concentration within its river systems, with potential impacts on ecological functioning, freshwater availability, and fluvial and coastal geomorphic processes. The relationship between deforestation and fluvial sediment dynamics at large scales has not been extensively studied, in the Amazon or elsewhere, primarily due to lack of data. In this study, we utilize a novel remote sensing-derived sediment concentration dataset to analyze the impact of deforestation from 2001 to 2020 on suspended sediment in large rivers (> 50 m wide) across the Amazon River Basin. These impacts are studied using a lag-based approach to quantify the spatiotemporal relationships between observed suspended sediment and changes in landcover over time. The results show that large scale deforestation of the Amazon during the 2001–2020 period are associated with significant changes in sediment concentration in the eastern portion of the basin. In the heavily deforested eastern regions, the hydrogeomorphic response to deforestation occurs relatively rapidly (within a year), whereas the less disturbed western areas exhibit delays of one to two years before responses are observable. Moreover, we observe that deforestation must be substantial enough to overcome the collective influences of human activities and natural sediment variations to result in a discernible impact on sediment concentration in large rivers. In 69 % of Amazonian major tributary basins with an immediate response, more than 5 % of the basin was deforested during the 2001–2020 period, while in 85 % of basins with lagged responses, less than 5 % of the land was cleared. These findings suggest severe implications for future sediment dynamics across the Amazon if deforestation is to further expand into the basin.
Luminescence dating approaches to reconstruct the formation of plaggic anthrosols
Authors: Choi Jungyu , van Beek Roy , Chamberlain Elizabeth , Reimann Tony , Smeenge Harm , van Oorschot Annika , Wallinga Jakob
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Plaggic anthrosols are one of the major features that contributed to the formation of the present-day landscape of northern part of Europe since the Middle Ages, but their formation history is rather poorly understood. The formation of plaggic anthrosols had an impact beyond the arable fields, impacting the entire landscape surrounding the arable fields, mainly through plaggen management activities. Therefore, plaggic anthrosols are a valuable archive for studying the interactions between human, soil, and landscape. Recently, luminescence dating methods have recently emerged as a tool for tracing the past movement of grains, including within the soil column. This study combines two primary luminescence methods – single-grain feldspar infrared (IRSL) and post-infrared infrared (pIRIR) measurements, and small-aliquot quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) – to reconstruct the formation of a plaggic anthrosol at Braakmankamp (eastern Netherlands). We test: 1) how to identify well-bleached grains for single-grain feldspar pIRIR dating; 2) whether the single-grain feldspar pIRIR and the small-aliquot quartz OSL ages are consistent; 3) what additional information on the formation of plaggic anthrosols is provided by examining both single-grain feldspar pIRIR and small-aliquot quartz OSL equivalent-dose distributions. Toward this aim, we present a new method to identify well-bleached single grains of feldspar using the ratio of the grains’ IRSL and pIRIR signals. Feldspar pIRIR ages obtained from bootstrapped Minimum Age Model (BsMAM) analyses of grains identified as well-bleached were in agreement with the BsMAM ages of small-aliquot quartz OSL for samples from the plaggen layer. In contrast, ages obtained from the two methods do not agree for samples where grains of different burial age are mixed through natural bioturbation. Our results demonstrate that single-grain feldspar pIRIR measurements provide a useful tool to identify the past light exposure and soil-mixing of sand grains in sediments of different depositional and burial histories. Augmenting this information with conventional quartz OSL dating allow us to reconstruct the timing and processes of plaggic anthrosol formation in Braakmankamp. According to luminescence dating results, land clearance around 900–1000 CE and accumulation of plaggen material began around 1200–1300 CE with the average accumulation rate of ~ 1.14 mm/yr.
Calibrating estimates of ionospheric long-term change
Authors: Scott Christopher John , Wild Matthew N. , Barnard Luke Anthony , Yu Bingkun , Yokoyama Tatsuhiro , Lockwood Michael , Mitchel Cathryn , Coxon John , Kavanagh Andrew
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Long-term change in the height of the ionospheric F2 layer, hmF2, is predicted to result from increased levels of tropospheric greenhouse gases. Sufficiently long sequences of ionospheric data exist to investigate this long-term change, recorded by a global network of ionosondes. However, direct measurements of ionospheric layer height with these instruments is not possible. As a result, most estimates of hmF2 rely on empirical formulae based on parameters routinely scaled from ionograms. Estimates of trends in hmF2 using these formulae show no global consensus. We present an analysis in which data from the Japanese ionosonde station at Kokubunji were used to estimate monthly median values of hmF2 using an empirical formula. These were then compared with direct measurements of the F2 layer height determined from Incoherent Scatter measurements made at the Shigaraki MU observatory, Japan. Our results reveal that the formula introduces diurnal, seasonal and long-term biases in the estimates of hmF2 of ≈ ±10 % (±25 km an altitude of 250 km). These can be explained by the presence of underlying F1 layer ionisation not accounted for in the formula. We demonstrate, that for Kokobunji, the ratio of F2/F1 peak electron concentrations is strongly controlled by changes in geomagnetic activity represented by the am index. Changes in thermospheric composition in response to geomagnetic activity have been shown to be highly localised. We conclude that localised changes in thermospheric composition modulate the F2/F1 peak ratio, leading to differences in hmF2 trends. We further conclude that the influence of thermospheric composition on the underlying ionosphere needs to be accounted for in these empirical formulae if they are to be applied to studies of long-term ionospheric change.
Novel methods to study sea ice deformation, linear kinematic features and coherent dynamic elements from imaging remote sensing data
Authors: Itkin Polona
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data are commonly utilized for calculating sea ice displacements and, consequently, sea ice deformation strain rates. However, strain rate calculations often suffer from a poor signal-to-noise ratio, especially for products with a spatial resolution higher than 1 km. In this study, we applied a new filtering method to strain rate calculations derived from Sentinel-1 SAR image pairs with a spatial resolution of 800 m. Subsequently, we employed a power law to evaluate the deformation rates at decreasing spatial resolutions, assessing the quality of the filtered data. Upon positive evaluation of the filtered data, we introduced two innovative methods for sea ice deformation assessment. The first method, named 'damage parcels' (DP) tracking, involved the combined analysis of displacements and deformation strain rates to monitor divergence and convergence within the sea ice cover. Additionally, we proposed a new term to describe the behavior of the winter pack: 'Coherent Dynamic Elements' (CDE). CDEs are cohesive clusters of ice plates within the pack ice that move coherently along Linear Kinematic Features (LKFs). The second novel method developed in this study focused on exploring the geometrical properties of these CDEs. Both methods were applied to the winter collection of Sentinel-1 SAR imagery available during the N-ICE2015 campaign. Our results revealed a cyclically changing winter sea ice cover, marked by synoptic events and transitions from pack ice to the marginal ice zone. The DP were continuously tracked over a period of three weeks, including a major storm, revealing a remarkably slow healing process of existing LKFs. Furthermore, the CDE analysis demonstrated the presence of elongated CDEs with a density ranging from 5 to 20 per 100 km by 100 km, and the shortest distance between LKFs was found to be 5–10 km.
PENYULUHAN SISTEM PENJERNIHAN AIR BERSIH PADA WARGA PASIR CURUG DESA CIKAKAK
Authors: Muhammad Hidayat  , Abdul Aziz  , Angga Dwi Nugraha  , Sansan  , Mohammad Rifal Fadillah
Published: November 2023

Air merupakan kebutuhan utama bagi makhluk hidup. Manusia sendiri sangat membutuhkan air bersih untuk kehidupan sehari-harinya. Di Kampung Pasir Curug warga masih memanfaatkan sungai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan airnya.  Kondisi sungai yang di jadikan sumber air sangat jauh dan masih cukup bersih, namun pada waktu tertentu air akan sedikit surut dan terlihat keruh. Salah satu Program Kerja Kelompok 1 pada Kuliah Kerja Nyata yang di adakan di Desa Cikakak, Kecamatan Cikakak Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat bertujuan untuk melakukan penyuluhan air bersih dan membantu memperbaiki bak penampungan air warga Pasir Curug. Besar harapan dari kegitatan ini akan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan warga Kampung Pasir Curug tentang air yang sehat, dan juga dapat mengetahui bahan apa saja yang dapat digunakan untuk menjernihkan air. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan kepada warga Pasir Curug, Desa Cikakak dan juga memberi bantuan berupa bahan dan tenaga untuk memperbaiki bak penampungan air yang sudah ada. Hasil dari Program Kerja ini yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan warga tentang pentingnya air bersih dalam kehidupan. Selain itu warga juga dapat memperbaiki bak penampungan air yang sudah rusak menjadi layak lagi digunakan.

 

Kata kunci: air bersih,Warga Pasir Curug, bak penampungan air.
KULIAH KERJA NYATA: MEMANFAATKAN POTENSI DESA MELALUI PEMBANGUNAN OBJEK WISATA
Authors: Syalvanabina Agustiar Syalva , Arny Lattu  , Sudin Saepuddin  , Habi Baturohmah
Published: November 2023

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan wujud nyata dari tugas dosen dan mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yakni aspek pengabdian. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat desa Purwasedar, maka terjadi sinergi antara perguruan tinggi dengan masyarakat sebagai wujud knowledge demokrasi. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat setempat tentang pentingnya pendidikan guna membantu pemerintah dalam mencerdaskan anak bangsa. Kegiatan ini juga memiliki target pemasaran Objek Wisata di daerah UGG (Unesco Global Geopark). Pengabdian dilakukan melalui kegiatan pembuatan website, denah desa, papan jalan, pembangunan wisata
PENTINGNYA PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI DESA MEKAR ASIH
Authors: Putri Ayu Negara  , Yuni Yulistianti  , Elsit Julia Pratiwi  , Yusup Saeful bayan
Published: November 2023

Perkembangan teknologi informasi memberikan kemudahan berkomunikasi tukar menukar informasi sehingga tempat, waktu dan jarak tidak lagi menjadi kendala. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang sedemikian pesat tak lepas dari perkembangan teknik komputer. Kemajuan bidang komputer dan teknologi informasi ini juga memberikan dampak positip pada bidang pendidikan. Aplikasi bidang teknologi komputer dan teknologi informatika yang paling berpengaruh pada bidang pendidikan adalah pemakaian jaringan komputer dan internet. Dengan internet layanan informasi pada sasaran didik tidak terbatas ruang, tempat waktu dan jarak. Melalui internet layanan informasi dapat diberikan sebagai sumber belajar, media belajar yang dapat dipelajari sesuai dengan kecepatan belajar peserta didik. Media belajar tidak terbatas pada huruf dan gambar melainkan dapat dikombinasikan dengan grafik, animasi, video, audio secara bersama-sama sehingga media ini lebih dikenal dengan istilah multimedia. Pengaruh positip pemanfaatan internet untuk pendidikan dalam membangun SDM dunia pendidikan harus mampu mengikuti perkembangan aplikasi IPTEK. Aplikasi meliputi dunia industri agar lulusan mampu memenuhi tuntutan kompetensi dunia kerja. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut salah satu cara untuk mampu mengikuti perkembangan IPTEK yang cepat adalah selalu akses informasi yang up to date dan semua itu dapat di dapat melalui internet. Namun di dalam impelementasinya masih diperlukan dukungan sarana prasarana dan kemampuan SDM baik sebagai penyedia, pengelola maupun pengguna informasi
Analisis Perbandingan Mean Opinion Score Aplikasi Voip Facebook Messenger, Whatsapp dan Zoom Metting Menggunakan Metode E-Model pada Jaringan LTE
Authors: Irwan Rahma Wani , Hamza Sahriar , Hamid Mustamin
Published: November 2023

Komunikasi menjadi kebutuhan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan masyarakat, karna dengan adanya komunikasi masyarakat dapat berbagi maupun bertukar informasi secara global. Dengan menggunakan panggilan VoIP tentunya sangat menguntungkan karena makin banyak keragaman yang di peruntukan tidak hanya pada panggilan suara, namun VoIP juga sudah berkembang dan menjadi panggilan tatap muka,atau lebih dikenal dengan video call. Sebagaimana yang terjadi, manusia saat ini lebih cenderung berinteraksi tidak hanya melalui suara melainkan melalui video call, VoIP merupakan teknologi yang dapat memungkinkan percakapan suara jarak jauh dengan melalui jaringan internet maupun intranet. Data tersebut dapat diubah menjadi kode digital dan di alirkan melalui jaringan mengirim paket-paket data dan tidak melalui sirkuit analog seperti telfon biasa, untuk mengetahui sebarapa baik kualitas layanan VoIP aplikasi Whatsapp, Facebook Messenger dan Zoom Mheet pada jaringan LTE maka di gunakan metodel objektif E-Model sebagai parameter untuk mengukur dan mencari rata-rata nilai MOS (Mean Opinion Score). MOS (Mean Opinion Score) sendiri berfungsi untuk menentukan tingkat kualitas kepuasaan pengguna terhadap layanan yang digunakan.
Analisis Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Penderita Kusta di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalumata
Authors: Ahmad Ilma , Ishak Sitti Nurhidayanti , B. Toduho Norma
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan data dari World Health Organization (WHO) pada 2021, Indonesia menempati urutan ketiga negara yang memiliki pengidap kusta sebesar 10.976 orang. Sedangkan, Kementerian Kesehatan RI mencatat data per 24 Januari 2022, tercatat sebanyak 13.487 pengidap kusta di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang berperan terjadinya kusta yaitu faktor ketidakpatuhan pasien terhadap pengobatan. Kepatuhan minum obat merupakan faktor yang paling menentukan kesembuhan penderita kusta (Sepriyanti, 2019). Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, stigma masyarakat dan ketersediaan obat terhadap kepatuhan minum obat penderita kusta di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif dengan jumlah informan sebanyak 7 orang. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pengetahuan informan terhadap penyakit kusta sudah cukup baik, namun informan belum tahu penyebab penyakit kusta yang sebenarnya. Dukungan keluarga terhadap penderita yakni memberi dorongan dan motivasi, membantu proses pemulihan yakni menemani penderita ke Puskesmas serta menyediakan obat yang diperlukan. Sebagian masyarakat masih menstigma penderita kusta karena kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai penyebab dan cara penularan kusta, lingkungan masyarakat juga seringkali merasa jijik dengan penderita.
Analisis Kelayakan Aneka Minuman Lokal pada Home Industri Ifamoy di Kelurahan Tabona Kota Ternate Selatan
Authors: Fadillah Rahayu Alief , Ekaria Ekaria , Muhammad Munawir , Rope Ranita , A. Marsaoly Hasrul
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembuatan aneka minuman lokal, besaran pendapatan minuman lokal, dan menganalisis kelayakan minuman lokal pada home industry ifamoy di kelurahan tabona kota ternate. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, analisis biaya, analisis penerimaan, analisis pendapatan dan analisis kelayakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses pengolahan minuman lokal pada home industry ifamoy meliputi produksi air jahe, sari jeruk nipis, sari pala, teh pala, kopi rempah, kopi NKRI dan kopi kenari sudah menggunakan alat modern dan sudah lebih efisien. Dari ke tujuh produk ini memiliki perbedaan nilai pada masing-masing produk. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pendapatan yang diperoleh dari masing-masing produk minuman home industry ifamoy yaitu, minuman sari pala memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 6.565.000, sari jeruk nipis memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 8.685.000, teh pala memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 8.771.000, air jahe memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 40.823.000, kopi NKRI memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 12.871.000, kopi rempah memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 8.871.000, kopi kenari memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 13.456.000.
Analisis Kelayakan Penerapan Sistem Tanam Jajar Legowo pada Usahatani Padi Sawah di Desa Lembah Asri Kecamatan Weda Selatan Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah
Authors: A. Zaenudin Warina , Ekaria Ekaria , A.Marsaoly Hasrul , La Kamisi Haryati , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: November 2023

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman semusim yang mempunyai kemampuan beradaptasi pada berbagai kondisi lingkungan. Tanaman ini termasuk golongan jenis Graminae atau rumput-rumputan. produksi padi sawah dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo, para petani hanya memetingkan bagaimana dapat memperoleh hasil produksi yang tinggi tanpa perhitungan dalam pengeluaran modal yang sangat berpegaruh dalam tingkat keuntungan petani. Untuk mengetahui budidaya usaha tani padi sawah dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo di Desa Lembah Asri, Untuk mengetahui pendapatan usaha padi sawah dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo di Desa Lembah asri, dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan usaha padi sawah dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo di Desa Lembah Asri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pendapatan yang di peroleh masing-masing kelompok tani dari usahatani padi sawah tahun 2023 yaitu, kelompok 1 memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp207.067.718, kelompok 2 memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp411.041.342, kelompok 3 memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp106.739.765, dan kelompok 4 memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp238.975.671. selanjutnya, nilai analisis R/C Ratio usahatani padi sawah yang diproduksi oleh kelompok tani di Desa Lembah Asri Kecamatan Weda Selatan Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah secara finansial layak dikembangkan karena nilai pada masing-masing kelompok adalah R/C Ratio > 1.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF THE SUBJECT COMPOSITION OF NEIGHBORHOOD LEGAL RELATIONS
Authors: ЕГУБОВА Т.В.
Published: November 2023

Соседские отношения остаются фрагментарно урегулированными в отечественной правовой системе. Цель статьи – предложить решения проблемных вопросов субъектного состава соседских правоотно- шений. Автор приходит к выводу, что в целях защиты прав и законных интересов соседей целесообразно рас- сматривать в качестве субъектов соседских правоотношений всех граждан и юридические лица, у которых присутствует соприкосновение интересов в процессе использования помещения, земельного участка, нахо- дящегося в собственности, аренде, найме и т. д., при условии их нахождения в непосредственной близости и (или) наличия общего имущества. Значимость статьи обусловлена выработанными предложениями по совер- шенствованию жилищного законодательства Российской Федерации.

Neighborhood relations remain fragmentally regulated in the domestic legal system. The purpose of the article is to offer solutions to problematic issues of the subject composition of neighborhood legal relations. The author comes to the conclusion that in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of neighbors, it is advisable to consider as subjects of neighborhood legal relations all citizens and legal entities who have a contact of interests in the process of using premises, land owned, leased, rented, etc., provided they are in close proximity and (or) the presence of common property. The significance of the article is due to the developed proposals for improving the housing legislation of the Russian Federation.
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN THE LEGAL REGULATION OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF CIVIL LAW REFORM
Authors: КАРПОВ А.В.
Published: November 2023

Данная научная статья посвящена исследованию изменений в правовом регулировании фи- нансовых сделок, принятых в России в последние годы. В статье описываются новые нормы, их влияние на рынок финансовых инструментов, и приводятся рекомендации по их применению. Основные выводы статьи свидетельствуют о необходимости постоянного совершенствования правового регулирования для обеспече- ния стабильности на финансовом рынке.

This scientific article is devoted to the study of changes in the legal regulation of financial transactions adopted in Russia in recent years. The article describes the new rules, their impact on the market of financial instruments and provides recommendations for their application. The main conclusions of the article indicate the need for continuous improvement of legal regulation to ensure stability in the financial market.
Promises and premises: Emoji in youth mental health and emotional well-being
Authors: Ge-Stadnyk Jing
Published: November 2023

Communication is fundamental for preventing and managing youth mental health, and for effectively maintaining and improving their emotional wellbeing. Nevertheless, crucial challenges to communication in this context remain. In recent years rapid technological change has produced increasingly complex forms of communication, which hold out great promise in this area. Emoji have the potential to play a key role in the communication of mental health-related information in areas such as: self-disclosure, engagement, treatment intervention, and mental health education. However, compared with their roles in other fields (e.g., computer science, communication, marketing), emoji in the mental health domain have been largely overlooked by both communication scholars and health care professionals alike. Building on their cognitive, emotional and interpersonal aspects, this paper outlines potential applications for emoji in the field of youth mental health, while also pointing out challenges to their use. It then offers recommendations for mental health organizations, public health organizations, social media platforms, high-tech companies, and the Emoji Unicode Consortium..
Should ChatGPT be biased? Challenges and risks of bias in large language models
Authors: Ferrara Emilio
Published: November 2023

As generative language models, exemplified by ChatGPT, continue to advance in their capabilities, the spotlight on biases inherent in these models intensifies. This paper delves into the distinctive challenges and risks associated with biases specifically in large-scale language models. We explore the origins of biases, stemming from factors such as training data, model specifications, algorithmic constraints, product design, and policy decisions. Our examination extends to the ethical implications arising from the unintended consequences of biased model outputs. In addition, we analyze the intricacies of mitigating biases, acknowledging the inevitable persistence of some biases, and consider the consequences of deploying these models across diverse applications, including virtual assistants, content generation, and chatbots. Finally, we provide an overview of current approaches for identifying, quantifying, and mitigating biases in language models, underscoring the need for a collaborative, multidisciplinary effort to craft AI systems that embody equity, transparency, and responsibility. This article aims to catalyze a thoughtful discourse within the AI community, prompting researchers and developers to consider the unique role of biases in the domain of generative language models and the ongoing quest for ethical AI.