bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantages of working with closed aspiration systems for nurses in the resuscitation department
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution «North-West District Scientific and Clinical Center named after L. G. Sokolov of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency», Saint Petersburg, Russia, Simutis I. S. , Guzo S. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «North-West District Scientific and Clinical Center named after L. G. Sokolov of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency», Saint Petersburg, Russia, Golikova V. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «North-West District Scientific and Clinical Center named after L. G. Sokolov of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency», Saint Petersburg, Russia, Shishkina E. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North-West State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2025

For the period 2023–2024, a retrospective-prospective single-center study was conducted at
the Federal State Budgetary Institution North-West District Scientific and Clinical Center named after
L. G. Sokolov of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia. The study focused on the features
and results of the tracheobronchial tree sanitation procedure, performed in an open and closed manner. The time of the procedure was assessed as an important indicator of convenience for nurses.
The second aspect studied was the degree of trauma to the respiratory tract mucosa when performing
aspiration using one of the stated methods.
Target. To improve the treatment outcomes of patients on long-term mechanical ventilation using closed
aspiration systems.
Results. Measurements of the average time of the aspiration procedure showed that closed aspiration
systems (CAS) provided a significant time gap compared to the open method with medians M=3 min
28 sec. and M=11 min 8 sec., respectively, p=0.035.; less trauma to the tracheal mucosa was noted
when using CAS.
Conclusion. The use of closed aspiration systems significantly facilitates and speeds up the work of
nurses, and also reduces trauma to the tracheal mucosa.
Land policy and land reforms in 1990-2024 taking into account the orders of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin made on 18.04.2024 based on the results of the visit to Stavropol Krai on 5 March 2024
Authors:   Department of Research on economic problems of land relations Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas - All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics», Moscow, Alakoz V. V.
Published: January 2025

On May 11, 2012, the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) of the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations approved the Guidelines on "Responsible
Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security."
These guidelines serve as a reference material and provide recommendations for improving
resource management to ensure food security.
The management of tenure and resource use systems is a key element in determining the
rights and obligations of users. Ineffective management leads to social instability, environmental
problems, economic losses, and conflicts due to corruption or the inability of authorities to protect
people's rights. Responsible management, on the other hand, promotes sustainable social and
economic development and creates favorable conditions for investment.
The state program for involving abandoned lands into circulation and the progress of its implementation
Authors:   Land Law Department, State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow, Lipski S. A.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the main reasons for the withdrawal of previously developed
productive lands from agricultural circulation. The author positively assesses the implementation
of the special state program adopted in 2021 to solve this problem. By the author, the program
effect will be higher with proper land management support, that requires the adoption of a new
version of the Federal Law "Land Management".
L’impact méconnu des chauves-souris et du guano dans l’évolution morphologique tardive des cavernes
Authors: Audra Philippe , Barriquand Lionel , Bigot Jean-Yves , Cailhol Didier , Caillaud Hector , Vanara Nathalie , Nobécourt Jean-Claude , Madonia Giuliana , Vattano Marco , Renda Michel
Published: January 2025

Les chauves-souris sont considérées comme des occupants emblématiques des grottes. Les colonies, parfois de taille gigantesque, peuvent occuper les cavernes sur de très longues périodes. Ainsi, il se constitue des accumulations de guano dont le volume a favorisé l’exploitation des phosphates, à l’échelle artisanale voire industrielle. L’impact des chauves-souris est triple : leur respiration dégage du CO2, leur urine est corrosive, et la minéralisation du guano libère des acides (carbonique, nitrique, sulfurique, phosphorique). Ces substances agressives agissent sur la roche et les concrétions carbonatées, soit par corrosion directe du sol encaissant au contact du guano, soit par condensation-corrosion sur les parois et les plafonds. Bien que tardif dans l’histoire des cavités, l’impact spéléogénétique sur les parois est considérable et peut aller jusqu’à l’ablation de plusieurs mètres d’épaisseur de roche. La présence durable de colonies de chauves-souris est un facteur majeur de spéléogenèse tardive des cavernes, générant des morphologies spécifiques, des dépôts de phosphates conséquents, et un remaniement des parois allant d’un simple rabotage centimétrique jusqu’à des ablations métriques. Ces morphologies de corrosion, qui ont pu être confondues avec des ennoyages, sont probablement responsables de la disparition d’une bonne partie des oeuvres pariétales préhistoriques qui n’ont pu être préservées que dans des conditions bien spécifiques.
La chronologie des spéléothèmes par les séries de l’uranium appliquée aux enregistrements par l’endokarst. Historique, perspectives et applications
Authors: Pons-Branchu Edwige , Quinif Yves
Published: January 2025

La datation des carbonates secondaires (spéléothèmes) est un moyen d’étude complémentaire des études de terrain pour comprendre la genèse de l’endokarst et son évolution au cours du temps. Au cours des dernières décennies, ces datations ont aussi permis de développer de très nombreuses applications, comme par exemple pour l’étude des paléoclimats ou de l’apport de jalons chronologiques en géomorphologie, ou pour les études tectoniques. La datation de spéléothèmes par la méthode

230Th/ 234U couramment appelée méthode «uranium thorium » , sujet principal de cette présentation, a été proposée dès la fin des années 1960, puis a connu un essor important dans les années 1980. Aux premières, basées sur la mesure de la radioactivité (spectrométrie alpha) des isotopes de l’uranium et du thorium ont succédé celles basées sur leur mesure selon leur masse (spectrométrie de masse). Nous présentons ici ces évolutions techniques, et les gains en sensibilité et précision pour les mesures, qui se traduisent par un gain en précision sur les âges obtenus, la réduction considérable des échantillons analysés (et donc le gain en résolution temporelle et spatiale) ainsi qu’un allongement de la période de temps couverte par ces datations, tant pour les âges les plus jeunes que pour la limite supérieure (jusqu’à 600 000 ans voire plus avec les dernières techniques). Toutefois, l’obtention d’âges précis, quelle que soit la technique utilisée, reste dans de nombreux cas limitée par les particularités liées aux objets datés eux-mêmes : i) les spéléothèmes contiennent souvent une fraction «détritique » qui rend nécessaire l’application de corrections d’âge et qui impacte directement la précision sur ces derniers ; ii) les spéléothèmes subissent parfois des «ouvertures de systèmes » qui mobilisent les radionucléides et faussent les âges obtenus. Nous présenterons différents cas d’étude montrant ces particularités, ainsi que les moyens de correction ou validation des âges qui peuvent être mis en oeuvre. Les applications de ces datations pour la connaissance de l’endokarst, sa genèse et son évolution, mais aussi, la connaissance du climat ou de la tectonique régionale seront elles aussi présentées.
Karstological climatology research in France in the 21st century / Les recherches sur la climatologie souterraine en France au XXIe siècle
Authors: Lismonde Baudouin
Published: January 2025

Nous présentons un aperçu des principales études en climatologie karstologique faites en France depuis le début du XXIe siècle. Les grottes ornées demeurent le principal objet des études de pointe. L’amélioration des capteurs et la puissance informatique offrent de grandes perspectives sur l’étude des transferts.
Ambition With Uncertainty: Exploring Policy-Makers’ Perspectives on Pathways to Net Zero Healthcare
Authors: Bhopal Anand , Bærøe Kristine , Norheim Ole F.
Published: January 2025

Background: Over 80 countries have now signed up to the COP26 Health Programme—a World Health Organization (WHO)-led initiative on climate change and health—of which 45 countries have committed to reaching net zero emissions before 2050. Efforts to reduce healthcare’s carbon footprint raise conceptual, ethical and practical challenges for efficient and fair resource allocation. This study investigates how civil servants leading the development and implementation of national net zero healthcare strategies conceptualise the responsibility of health systems to cut emissions and describe potential trade-offs along the way. Methods: We undertook 11 online, semi-structured qualitative research interviews between September 2022 – May 2023 with civil servants leading national net zero healthcare strategies. The interview guide explored three main areas: responsibility for emissions, priority setting and international perspectives. Interviews were coded and analysed the data using Malterud’s systematic text condensation (STC). Results: Four main themes emerged: obligation to act, leadership, governance, and prioritization. Participants described that the healthcare system should take responsibility for its entire carbon footprint, including harms inflicted beyond national borders. We also found indications of synergistic, multi-scalar health leadership—clinical, civil service, and political—helping to accelerate the net zero healthcare agenda. Participants generally rejected the notion of direct "trade-offs" between efforts to reduce emissions and patient care, emphasising ways net zero healthcare can leverage societal health improvements more broadly. These empirical findings inform the emerging literature exploring how health systems should account for their environmental impacts. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the sincerity of ambitions to deliver net zero healthcare and uncertainties on how to get there. Further work characterising the types of constraints and trade-offs policy-makers face on the path to net zero healthcare systems, including examples of how these have been overcome, could help integrate climate concerns into healthcare decision-making and resource allocation processes.
Co-creating Inclusive and Non-ableist Public Health Policies With Persons With Disabilities Comment on "How Did Governments Address the Needs of People With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Analysis of 14 Countries’ Policies Based on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities"
Authors: Njelesani Janet
Published: January 2025

In their study, Shikako et al analyzed how national policies during the COVID-19 pandemic either supported or neglected the rights of persons with disabilities, aiming to inform the development of inclusive policies that align with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). They concluded that the differences in policies across countries during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate a need for greater alignment and standardization of policy responses for individuals with disabilities. While the study revealed disparities across countries and underscored the importance of disability-inclusive policy, this commentary provides actionable insights to guide governments in creating equitable policies that uphold the rights of persons with disabilities during crises and beyond. Specific recommendations in accordance with the UNCRPD include the establishment of permanent consultative committees, adopting a shared understanding of disability, addressing intersectionality and structural barriers, and utilizing non-ableist participation methods so that a diverse range of perspectives are incorporated and lived experiences shape the policies that impact them.
Navigating Towards a Well-Being Economy: Need for a Robust Theory of Change; Comment on "Can a Well-Being Economy Save Us?"
Authors: Legge David
Published: January 2025

In his recent editorial, Professor Labonté1 surveyed international initiatives calling for a wellbeing global economy. Most of these initiatives offer glowing visions but implausible theories of change. The 1974 UN call for a New International Economic Order provides a case study of an earlier instance of well-being economics (although not labelled as such). The NIEO included specific institutional and regulatory initiatives directed to achieving a fairer and more liveable world. However, it was defeated through the rise of neoliberalism from the 1980s as well as internal contradictions within the movement for a NIEO. The history of the NIEO provides useful lessons regarding the political dynamics of global transformation. Any policy initiatives, directed towards reforming the global economy for the well-being of people and planet, need to be based on a robust theory of change.
The Equity Imperative: Transforming Research Coproduction for Impact; Comment on "Research Coproduction: An Underused Pathway to Impact"
Authors: Conte Kathleen P. , Zapata Marisa
Published: January 2025

Coproduction is not a new idea in implementation research, health research, or research in general. There is substantial scholarship that establishes its importance and provides guidance and examples for adoption. Given this, why do editorials like Rycroft-Malone et al’s recent paper, "Research Coproduction: An Underused Pathway to Impact," continue to be published, and also, necessary? In this commentary, we discuss the importance of equity - not equality - as the underlying paradigm of coproduction research. We argue that it is the incomplete understanding and adoption of this equity paradigm by researchers and their institutions that inhibit coproduction from being fully realized and thus, impactful. We offer examples of what such a paradigm shift might look like, including futures thinking that yields difficult questions that must be addressed to dismantle systemic barriers to power redistribution.
Infrastructure maintenance management system in a Higher Education Institution: Library, School Registry and Teaching Advice Center (CAD)
Authors: Fornés-Rivera René Daniel , Cano-Carrasco Adolfo , Conant-Pablos Marco Antonio , Almada-López Andrea
Published: January 2025

This research is carried out in a Higher Education Institution (IES) and
addresses the need to develop a Total Productive Maintenance Program
(TPM), in the library buildings, school registry and Teaching Advisory Center
(CDA), presenting difficulties in its operation managed by the Department of
General Services and Maintenance (DSGyM), carrying out only corrective
maintenance. The objective was: to carry out improvement actions, through
the TPM methodology, to have a relevant maintenance program. The
procedure was: identify those responsible for the project, analyze the current
situation of the area under study, establish policies and goals, develop the
preventive maintenance program and implement the maintenance program to
the areas under study; obtaining a preventive maintenance program, made up
of families such as: refrigeration, lighting, hydraulic-sanitary, electrical
system, building conservation, painting, roads, miscellaneous, locksmith and
waterproofing. Achieving preventive maintenance and training programs.
Im Mandat des Allgemeinpädagogischen? Unterscheidungen zur Apologie eines rezessiven Genres
Authors: Dobmeier Florian
Published: January 2025

Auf der im Herbst 2022 in Weimar gastgegebenen DGfE-Tagung „Allgemeinsame Erziehungswissenschaft. Daten und Positionen zur AEW“ wurde mitunter daran operiert, was der Grundbegriff der Erziehungswissenschaft sei und dass es zunehmend ,Einführungen in die Erziehungswissenschaft‘, kaum noch aber ,allgemeinpädagogische Entwürfe‘ des Pädagogischen gäbe. An dieser Stelle setzt der vorliegende Beitrag an, um vergangene Debatten (ohne Anspruch, diese vollständig, erschöpfend oder ausgewogen darzustellen) kritisch zu würdigen, zu konsolidieren und zu Unterscheidungen einzuladen. Mittels dieser Unterscheidungen – so die erste These des Beitrags – lässt sich die Notwendigkeit Allgemeiner Pädagogik als Erkenntnisgenre eigener Art verteidigen und schärfen. Wissensformdifferenzierend lassen sich Allgemeine Erziehungswissenschaft (AEW) und Allgemeine Pädagogik (AP) sachlogisch nicht synonym setzen; weder lässt sich AP substituieren durch AEW noch AP auf AEW reduzieren; vice versa lässt sich AEW weder substituieren durch AP noch reduzieren auf AP, wie in Kapitel 1 ausgewiesen wird. Außerdem gibt es gegenstandstheoretisch – dies als zweite These – gute Gründe für die Annahme, dass ,pädagogische Handlung‘ im Allgemeinen und ,Erziehung‘ (als Sonderform pädagogischer Handlung) im Besonderen als Grundbegriffe – sowohl gegenstandslogisch-kategorial als auch in normativ-ethischer Hinsicht – zu konsolidieren sind. Eigentlich wäre sodann auch in der Sache die Bezeichnung ,Wissenschaft pädagogischen Handelns‘ am treffendsten, wie in Kapitel 2 gezeigt wird; aber aufmerksamkeitsökonomisch und -politisch ist es weiterhin wertvoll, die so wichtige Aufgabe und besondere Handlungsform des Erziehens in den disziplinären Mittelpunkt zu rücken. Zum Schluss wird diskutiert – die dritte These –, dass spezifische, prinzipiell vermeidbar(er)e Folgeprobleme entstehen, wenn die allgemeinpädagogische Schnittstelle, d. h. die Übersetzungs- und Koppelungsproblematik von Erziehungswissenschaft, Erziehungssystem und -praxis, unbearbeitet bleibt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Zur Krise der Allgemeinen Pädagogik in den 1990er Jahren. Eine Fallanalyse aus dem Klaus-Mollenhauer-Gesamtausgabe-Projekt
Authors: Clausen Lasse , Heyhusen Lisa-Katharina
Published: January 2025

Bereits in den 1990er Jahren gab es disziplinäre Auseinandersetzungen über die Frage, was denn nun genau das Allgemeine der Pädagogik sei und welche Aufgaben einer Allgemeinen Pädagogik zukommen würden. An dieser Debatte beteiligte sich auch Klaus Mollenhauer, der als bedeutender westdeutscher Erziehungswissenschaftler der zweiten Hälfte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts gilt. Sein Werk reicht von einem 1953 erschienenen Aufsatz in der Zeitschrift „Unsere Jugend“ bis zu einem 2004 posthum erstveröffentlichtem Brief in einem Sammelband. Einerseits prägte er die Sozialpädagogik als erziehungswissenschaftliche Teildisziplin, andererseits gilt er als (Mit-)Begründer einer Kritischen Erziehungswissenschaft in den 1960er Jahren, die sozialwissenschaftliche Aspekte einer Kritischen Theorie der Gesellschaft für die Erziehungswissenschaft fruchtbar machen wollte. Ab den 1980er Jahren zeichnet sein Werk eine Hinwendung zu kulturgeschichtlichen und -theoretischen Auseinandersetzungen in Bezug auf Erziehung und Bildung aus, während im Laufe seines Spätwerkes dann immer mehr Fragen der ästhetischen Bildung im Vordergrund standen. Insbesondere in den 1990er Jahren versuchte er darüber hinaus die Verschränkungen und gegenseitigen Möglichkeiten von Sozialpädagogik und Allgemeiner Pädagogik aufzuzeigen und beteiligte sich an einigen Stellen rege an fachinternen Auseinandersetzungen. Unter diesem Zeichen steht auch Mollenhauers bekannte in der Zeitschrift für Pädagogik 1996 erschienene „Glosse“ (Mollenhauer, 1996). Sie dient in diesem Beitrag als Ausgangspunkt für einen Blick in sein Arbeitszimmer zwischen 1993 und 1996, indem bisher unveröffentlichte Materialien aus dem in Göttingen im Rahmen der Klaus-Mollenhauer-Gesamtausgabe verwalteten Nachlass herangezogen und zur Ergänzung genutzt werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Evaluation of the Usability of the SIMRS Application in the Registration Department at Raden Mattaher Jambi Hospital
Authors: Billa Diah Salsa , Yunengsih Yuyun
Published: January 2025

The use of the SIMRS application is necessary because it is related to information management. A good information system results in good information. Nevertheless, from a practical standpoint, medical recorders who serve as outpatient registration officers have challenges while attempting to use the SIMRS application. The level of enjoyment that medical recorders have as users of the SIMRS application is impacted because of these challenges. Therefore, it is very important to conduct usability testing procedures to assess the extent to which the SIMRS application is user friendly. This study's objectives are to measure the usability of the SIMRS application and identify any issues with it by evaluating three usability factors: effectiveness, efficiency, and errors. The researchers employed a combination of research methods for this investigation. Because of this study, six issues were discovered throughout the usability testing process. The findings of the measurement of usability aspects were as follows: 87% for effectiveness aspects, 0.0005 goals per second for efficiency aspects, and 13% for error aspects. The need for adding barcodes for new patient identity data, recommended SIMRS application to do Bridging System and the need for adding fingerprint features to the SIMRS application
Development of a Web-Based SQL Query Online Examination System with Automated Grading Using the MVC Design Pattern
Authors: Yunhasnawa Yoppy , Windawati Atif , Cinderatama Toga Aldila , Vista Candra Bella , Abdullah Moch. Zawaruddin
Published: January 2025

In this study, the Researchers provide the design, development, and evaluation of a web-based SQL exam system that utilizes the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern to enhance automated grading functionality and ease of maintenance. The main objectives of the system are to simplify the process of administering SQL exams, to make it user-friendly for students to enter their SQL statements, and as a means for teachers to automate the grading process. This allows a clear separation between three separate modules: Model to manage data, View to present the application to users, and Controller to manage the application logic. This separation allows for modular development, easier maintenance, and code reuse. The fundamental aspect of the system lies in its automated grading mechanism, which intelligently compares the SQL queries submitted by students with the corresponding validated answer keys stored in the database. Extensive black-box testing was conducted to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the system with various test cases to assess its ability to assess responses and provide real-time feedback to students, in addition to smooth and intuitive navigation within the system. All testing criteria yielded successful results with 100% agreement proving the robustness of the system with all possible locations that could potentially be used in higher education structures. The system provides a scalable and flexible approach to address the challenges associated with SQL assessment in academic institutions, thereby facilitating uniform, efficient, and objective evaluation standards. The system uses data up to October 2023 to prevent the model from becoming obsolete
Derivation in the Lamaholot Language, Tanah Boleng Dialect, Bayunta’a Village
Authors: Clarista Marceline , Djuli Labu , Reteg I Nyoman
Published: January 2025

This study aims to (1) investigate which word classes undergo derivational morphological processes in the Lamaholot language, Tanah Boleng dialect, Bayunta'a Village, and (2) describe the derivational morphological processes in the Lamaholot language, Tanah Boleng dialect, Bayunta'a Village. The method used is a morphological study. The research subjects are reliable informants. The research object is derivation in the Lamaholot language, Tanah Boleng dialect, Bayunta'a Village. The qualitative data analysis process is supported by qualitative descriptions using structured interviews. The results of this study revealled the following data obtained by the researcher. There are three types of affixes in the Lamaholot language: prefixes, suffixes, and infixes. There are three types of prefixes: (be-), (ke-), and (pe-). There is one type of suffix: (n-). There is one type of infix: (en-). There is also a change in the initial phoneme which is only found in verb derivation, namely the change from the basic word class of verb to noun (deverbal noun), which is (/D/>/K/), (/G/>/K/), (/H/>/N/), and (/T/>/N/).
المناخ التنظيمي ودوره في تعزيز مستويات الإبداع الإداري لدى العاملين بأندية اللياقة البدنية بالسعودية
Authors: بكرى إبراهيم
Published: January 2025

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على المناخ التنظيمي ودوره في تعزيز مستويات الإبداع الإداري لدى العاملين بأندية اللياقة البدنية بالسعودية؛ وتكون مجتمع البحث الدراسة من جميع العاملين بأندية اللياقة البدنية بالمملكة العربية السعودية؛ واشتملت عينة الدراسة على (90) موظف من العاملين بتلك الأندية؛ واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي القائم على الاستبانة؛ وتضمنت نتائج الدراسة الآتي: أن "مستويات الإبداع الإداري لدى العاملين بأندية اللياقة البدنية جاءت بدرجة (ضعيفة) من وجهة نظر الموظفين أفراد عينة الدراسة؛ وأن "واقع المناخ التنظيمي في أندية اللياقة البدنية السعودية" جاءت بدرجة (متوسطة) من وجهة نظر أفراد عينة البحث؛ ووجود علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية بين المناخ التنظيمي ومستويات الإبداع الإداري؛ وتضمنت توصيات الدراسة الآتي: ضرورة العمل على توفير بيئة عمل مناسبة داخل أندية اللياقة البدنية تساعد على تنمية المهارات الإدارية والوظيفية لدى العاملين؛ والعمل على تشجيع القيادات الإدارية بالمؤسسات الرياضية على تجريب أساليب الإدارة الحديثة وإبراز الأفكار الإبداعية والخلاقة؛ وضرورة اتباع اللامركزية وتفويض السلطات الإدارية ومشاركة العاملين في اتخاذ القرارات والتخلي عن البيروقراطية في العمل داخل الأندية السعودية.
Enhancing Social Participation in Rural Communities: Analyzing International Experiences and Practical Strategies for Afghanistan
Authors: Yar Fayaz Gul Mazloum , Noori  Ahmad Sabir , Zazai Janat Gul
Published: January 2025

Social participation is a cornerstone of sustainable rural development, particularly in fragile states like Afghanistan. This study investigates the challenges and opportunities of fostering social participation in rural Afghan communities by analyzing successful international models and proposing practical strategies tailored to the local context. Drawing from global experiences in countries such as India, Bangladesh, and South Korea, the research highlights key factors such as policy frameworks, decentralized governance, inclusion of marginalized groups, and capacity building. The study employs a qualitative methodology, integrating secondary data analysis and expert consultations to identify actionable recommendations. Findings reveal that while Afghanistan’s traditional governance structures, like shuras and jirgas, provide a foundation for participation, significant barriers such as gender inequality, limited decentralization, and inadequate resources persist. The proposed strategies emphasize integrating traditional and modern participatory approaches, leveraging digital tools, and enhancing collaboration between government institutions and NGOs. This research contributes to the broader discourse on participatory rural development, offering insights into building resilient, inclusive communities in fragile contexts.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ МИКРОПЛАСТИКА В ДОННЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЯХ
МАЛЫХ РЕК ВОЛЖСКО-КАМСКОГО КРАЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ
СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА БОБРОВЫХ ЗАПРУД
Authors: Шевчук А.К. , Шарифуллин А.Г. , Степанова Н.Ю.
Published: January 2025

Представлены результаты исследования содержания микропластика в донных отложениях малых рек Волжско-Камского края в условиях строительства бобровых запруд. Во всех исследованных образцах выявлены частицы микропластика. Наиболее высокое его содержание зафиксировано на реке Каракашлы. Среди обнаруженных частиц по форме в значительной степени преобладают гранулы (65-79 %). Наибольшее их количество выявлено в диапазоне длин менее 100 мкм (59-70 %).
РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ, ИСТОРИЯ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВЕДЕНИЯ МИНДАЛЯ (AMYGDALUS) НА НЕОРОШАЕМЫХ ЗЕМЛЯХ ЛЕСНОГО ФОНДА УЗБЕКИСТАНА
Authors: Юлдашов Я.Х.
Published: January 2025

В статье приводятся сведения о распространении, росте, развитии и плодоношении культуры миндаля. Характеризуются виды и сорта миндаля в Узбекистане. Также описываются морфологические и хозяйственные признаки косточек. Анализируются основные направления селекционной работы с миндалем – создание сортов с высоким качеством плодов, поздним цветением, высокой урожайностью, морозостойкостью, устойчивостью к болезням и вредителям. Дана хозяйственная характеристика районированных и перспективных сортов.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫХ ЭНЕРГОРЕСУРСОВ
В ПРИРОДНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА
Authors: Юсифова М.М. , Ализаде Ш.Н.
Published: January 2025

Несмотря на богатство традиционных энергетических ресурсов, использование возобновляемых источников энергии всегда в центре внимания в Азербайджанской Республике. Азербайджан обладает обширными запасами возобновляемой энергии всех типов: солнечной, ветровой, геотермальной, гидроэнергетики и энергии биомассы. В статье дается краткий обзор потенциала основных альтернативных энергоресурсов, а также Национальной стратегии Правительства Азербайджана по увеличении доли возобновляемых источников энергии в общем энергоснабжении республики.
INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION MEDIUM COMPOSITION ON ROOT FORMATION OF BOG BLUEBERRY (VACCINIUM ULIGINOSUM L.) OF NORTHERN RUSSIAN ORIGIN IN VITRO CULTURE
Authors: Makarov Sergey , Kulikova Elena , Kuznetsova Irina , Chudeckiy Anton , Surina Elena , Solov'ev Aleksandr , Orlova Elena
Published: January 2025

The results of studies on clonal micropropagation of blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) at the stage of rooting of microshoots in vitro are presented. V. uliginosum is an economically valuable forest berry species in food and medicinal terms, which can be successfully used for cultivation in areas of former peat mining. To quickly obtain a large amount of healthy planting material, it is advisable to use the method of clonal micropropagation. It is necessary to improve the technology for growing V. Uliginosum in in vitro culture for forms of Northern Russian origin. The objects of study are plants of V. uliginosum forms Arkhangelsk and Vologda. At the stage of rooting of microshoots in vitro, the highest values of the number of roots (5.2–5.4 pcs.) of V. uliginosum plants were noted on the Woody Plant Medium culture medium. The maximum total length of roots of V. uliginosum of the Arkhangelskaya form (on average 10.6 cm) in in vitro culture was detected on the Woody Plant Medium culture medium, the Vologodskaya form (9.3–9.9 cm) – on the Woody Plant Medium and Woody Plant Medium 1/2 media. An increase in the content of indolylacetic acid in the culture medium from 1.0 to 2.0 mg/l contributed to an increase in the number of roots (1.2–1.4 times) and a decrease in the average root length (1.3 times) of V. uliginosum plants of northern Russia origin in in vitro culture, while the total length of roots did not differ significantly depending on the form and concentration of auxin.
ASSESSING THE IMMUNE STATUS OF YOUNG PIGS WITH MYCOPLASMA INFECTION
Authors: Okunev A
Published: January 2025

Pig farming still suffers significant economic losses due to infection of animals with mycoplasmas. The pathogenic effect of these bacteria on the body of pigs is especially pronounced in young animals. The purpose of research is to study the nature of the impact of mycoplasma infection on the immune status of piglets. To assess the epizootological state of the complex regarding mycoplasmosis, random blood tests were carried out from all technological groups of pigs using the RNG reaction and determining the percentage of infection. Morbidity was determined by the number of animals identified with clinical signs of the disease among those infected, and mortality was determined by the number of dead animals among those infected with mycoplasmosis. Blood protein fractions were determined in piglets using an ERBA-XL100 biochemical analyzer. Determination of T-lymphocytes was done by the method of spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E-ROCK). Determination of B cells was carried out in the complementary rosette formation reaction (EAC-ROCK). It was established that the infection of pigs with mycoplasmosis in different groups at the complex ranged from 24.2–65.7 %, while the highest percentage of morbidity (26.8 %) and mortality (18.6 %) of individuals was observed among piglets in growing. The negative impact of mycoplasma infection on the immune status of young pigs was manifested by a decrease in total protein (by 13.5 %) and gamma globulin fraction (by 17.8 %) in the blood serum of sick piglets compared to healthy ones. The impact of pathogenic mycoplasmas on the cellular link of the immune-competent system of the body of sick piglets was manifested by a decrease in their T-lymphocytes by 11 %, and B-lymphocytes by 21.4 % compared to healthy animals.
SALVIA AT INTRODUCTION IN THE KHAKASSIA STEPPE ZONE
Authors: Kravcova Lyudmila , Borgoyakova Ekaterina
Published: January 2025

The purpose of research is to establish the development features of introduced sage species and the prospects for their cultivation in the steppe conditions of Khakassia. The object of research is 3 species of the genus Salvia L. – S. pratensis, S. verticillata and S. tesquicola. Phenological observations of plant development were carried out in 2018–2022 according to the methodology adopted in medicinal plant growing. The prospects of species during introduction were determined by five indicators, each of which was assessed on a three-point scale: seed reproduction; natural vegetative propagation under cultural conditions; plant development power; resistance to adverse environmental factors; damage from pests and diseases. The studied sage species go through a full cycle of seasonal development. The spring regrowth and early flowering phase of S. pratensis and regrowth of S. verticillata occur with a moderate degree of variability. The dates of the remaining phases of development of sage species occur with very low and low variation. Air temperature correlates positively with the growth and end of flowering of S. pratensis (r = 0.83 and 0.75) and negatively with the beginning of seed maturation (r = -0.77). In addition, the beginning of the growing season and flowering, as well as the end of the growing season, strongly depend on the amount of precipitation (r = 0.83; 0.80; 0.88). There is a correlation between the strong degree of regrowth, the beginning and end of flowering of S. verticillata with temperature (r = 0.72; 0.77; 0.76) and with the amount of precipitation at the beginning of the growing season (r = 0.91). Precipitation has a strong influence on the onset of flowering of S. tesquicola (r = 0.88). According to the assessment of prospects, S. tesquicola is classified as a very promising species – 13 points, S. pratensis and S. verticillata – as promising (10 and 12 points).
GROWTH DYNAMICS OF JUVENILE FRESHWATER FORM OF ARCTIC CHAR SALVELINUS ALPINUS (L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL FISH FARMING
Authors: Zadelenova Anna , Zadelenov Vladimir , Chetvertakova Elena , Alekseeva Elena
Published: January 2025

The purpose of research is to study the growth dynamics of juvenile freshwater Arctic char in the conditions of an industrial fish farm. Objectives: to study rearing conditions, dynamics of weight, body length and safety of juveniles when fed with trout food. The object of the study was juveniles of the freshwater form of Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (L.) of the Taimyr Peninsula, generation 2022 (n = 2892), obtained at the industrial farm of Maltat LLC. The study was carried out in a fish breeding farm in the city of Divnogorsk near the dam of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station and at the Department of Breeding, Genetics, Biology and Aquatic Bioresources of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The work was carried out according to the method of growing salmon fish using a combined method. Observations of the growth of char were carried out in January–August 2023. The fish were placed in a pontoon cage in the downstream of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station at a distance of 0.8 km from the dam. The depth of the cage is 4 m, the area is 36 m2. Feeding was carried out with trout feed from the Coppens company: Coppens PRE GROWER-18 2.00 mm for fish weighing up to 25 g. The amount of feed received by the juveniles was 1.5 % of the weight of the fish. Control catches were carried out monthly; the weight of at least 25 specimens was determined by random sampling. When reared in cages, the char grew intensively in the spring and summer, and by September the weight of the fry was 51.8 g and the length was 160 ± 3.59 mm. The survival rate of juveniles when fed with trout food was more than 92% throughout the entire study period.
EVALUATION OF PRIMERS TO HIGHLY EFFECTIVE Pc GENES USING THE SIBERIAN OAT GENETIC SELECTION
Authors: Lyubimova Anna , Eremin Dmitriy
Published: January 2025

Crown rust of oats, caused by the obligate parasite Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. Avenae Erikss has a significant impact on oat production, leading to a decrease in grain yield and a deterioration in the quality of the resulting product. One of the most effective ways to combat crown rust epiphytoties is to create genetically resistant varieties. Molecular labeling methods can make this process more efficient and targeted. The purpose of research is to evaluate the effectiveness of primers for highly effective crown rust resistance genes using a genetic collection of Siberian oats. The material for the study was samples of oats cultivated by the Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Trans-Urals – a branch of the Tyumen Scientific Center SB RAS, as well as source varieties of highly effective genes for resistance to crown rust from the collection of the All-Russian Research Institute. To select optimal conditions for amplification, 3 different modes, 4 reaction mixtures, and a temperature gradient of 55.0–70.0 °C were used. The melting temperature was determined for each primer. Amplification products were separated in 2 % agarose and 8 % polyacrylamide gels. Amplification products were obtained, visualized on the gel in the form of clear bands. For none of the source varieties of Pc genes, amplification products were obtained that distinguished them from samples without these genes. This indicates their ineffectiveness for assessing the genetic collection of samples of Siberian selection. To successfully carry out marker-associated selection of oats for resistance to crown rust in Western Siberia, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of other known primers for Pc genes, as well as the creation of our own marker systems.
STUDYING A WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES COLLECTION OF FOREIGN BREEDING UNDER WESTERN SIBERIA CONDITIONS
Authors: Potockaya Inna , Shepelev S. , Koval'chuk Aleksandr , Shamanin Vladimir
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is to conduct a breeding assessment of variety samples and identify sources of valuable traits for winter wheat breeding. A collection of 52 varieties of winter soft wheat of different ecological and geographical origins was studied. Field and laboratory studies were carried out in 2020–2022 on the experimental field of the Omsk State Agrarian University in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Sowing was carried out in fallows at generally accepted sowing times. The research results showed that American and Turkish varieties had the highest yield (284 and 297 g/m2), winter hardiness (6–6.5 points) and resistance to snow mold (5–5.5 points). Mexican lines had greater variability in the studied traits in comparison with other groups of variety samples and are recommended for breeding to expand the genotypic diversity of domestic varieties for drought resistance and grain quality. Bulgarian samples are unique in grain quality (on average they contain: protein – 17.1 %; gluten – 37.2; ash content – 1.81; gluten index – 95.8 % and sedimentation – 68 ml). Varieties and lines have been identified as adaptive and promising genotypes for winter wheat breeding in Western Siberia: Mv-Ispan, Mv-Bojtar, Mv-Dandar, SYWolf, KS13DH00 37-66, KS13DH00 30-32, CO13D 1299, WBLL1*2 / Tukuru // Billings. These varieties formed the highest yield (341–453 g/m2) in dry growing conditions, had higher rates and a smooth increase in biomass (NDVI = 0.37–0.68), high drought resistance (6.0–7.0 points ) and lower leaf surface temperature (≥ 35.3 °C).
TypeScript vs. JavaScript: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: - Priyanka Gowda Ashwath Narayana Gowda
Published: January 2025

JavaScript and Typescript are commonly used programming languages. Javascript has been the language of choice for web development for a long time because of its flexibility and vast ecosystem. Javascript employs the use of a dynamic typing system, which, although it has been effective and advantageous
where rapid prototyping is needed, has not fared well when it comes to larger applications due to runtime errors and maintenance challenges. Typescript, on the other hand, is a typed superset of Javascript built and maintained by Microsoft intended to solve some of the challenges encountered when using JavaScript; the presence of types makes it so that a code written in this language is less prone to runtime errors and hence effective with larger applications. Besides, it provides improved error-checking, maintainability,
and developer productivity. This paper seeks to analyze the key distinctions between JavaScript and Type-Script. The comparative analysis of the two languages is made possible by examining their impact on productivity, error prevention, and code maintainability. It reviews studies, developer experiences, and industry practices to determine optimal scenarios for each language, offering recommendations to developers and organizations for selecting the appropriate language based on project needs and team dynamics.
Building Customer Trust: An Empirical Study in Marketplace
Authors: Riwu Yonas Ferdinand , Natonis Sari Angriany , Arthana I Komang , Anabuni Anderias U. T. , Aman Dominikus K.T
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze how online customer trust is affected by online customer ratings and online customer reviews on the Tokopedia marketplace. This study used quantitative data and was analyzed with the help of SEM-Partial Least Squares (PLS). Data in this study as many as 96 respondents were obtained through online questionnaires with purposive sampling techniques. Results show that online customer reviews have an influence and significance on customer trust, this shows that others have had experience with the product or service. When potential customers see positive reviews from fellow customers, it validates the credibility and quality of the offer, thus building trust. Honest reviews from real customers carry more weight than promotional content from brands. Customers tend to trust their colleagues' opinions more than marketing messages because they perceive them as untendentious and reliable. When individuals feel associated with positive experiences shared by others, they feel more emotionally connected to the brand, which reinforces trust and drives purchase decisions. Then online customer rating has a significant effect on customer trust, it shows that when a product or service gets a high rating from a large number of customers, it signals to potential customers that the item is considered good by those who have used it before. People tend to believe in the majority. If most customers give a high rating to a product or service, potential buyers will tend to go with the flow and also have high trust in the item Customer ratings give a perception of the credibility of a brand or company. When a brand has consistently high rankings, it shows that the brand is considered reliable by customers, which in turn builds trust.
An Anatomy of Ethnic Gangsterism and Militant Nationalism in Kenya: The Case of Nairobi, 1940-1963
Authors: Murathi Antony Kimani
Published: January 2025

Towards the end of the 1940s, Nairobi was characterized by momentous political conflict. A large proportion of Africans were said to be living outside the confines of colonial supervision, a situation that resulted in gangsterism and serious anarchy. Extensive research has been carried out on various dimensions of this episode, revealing that militarism and anarchy were deeply rooted in unresolved issues revolving around economic deprivation and the political exclusion of Africans by the colonial authorities. Some aspects of this violent agitation however remain unexplored. It’s demonstrated in this study that the urban poor in post-1945 Nairobi, pushed to the limits of human endurance, created their own alternative society in clandestine opposition to the forces of law and order. Examining the anarchy, however, reveals a nexus between anti-colonial militancy and ethnic acrimony. The study reveals that tribalism remained an important influence on daily life and political allegiances in the African locations. Armed with various weapons, Kikuyu gangs roamed the streets, terrorizing people of other communities. The spate of militant activity in Nairobi alienated the non-Kikuyu elements in the African population. Anti-colonial militarism thus had far-reaching implications on inter-ethnic relations in Nairobi. The ethnic question remained critical in political transitions that took place in Nairobi city in the post-Mau Mau period. The study was carried out in Nairobi County, particularly in the colonial ‘African locations’ of Pumwani and Shauri Moyo. It entailed the collection and analysis of data from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected from oral informants and the Kenya National Archives while secondary data came from newspapers, books, magazines and dissertations. Data was then corroborated and both context and content analysis were done to guarantee consistency, reliability and validity of the information. A   historical research design based on qualitative procedures was employed. Interpretation was done within the Marxist theoretical framework.  Marxists hold that social and political behaviour can be reduced to economic motives, and ethnicity is an important force in political behaviour.