bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Backward THz Emission from Two-Color Laser Field-Induced Air Plasma Filament
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , He Yuhang , Liu Liyuan , Tian Zhen , Dai Jianming , Zhang Xi-Cheng
Published: May 2023

Two-color laser field-induced plasma filaments are efficient broadband terahertz (THz) sources with intense THz waves emitted mainly in the forward direction, and they have been investigated intensively. However, investigations on the backward emission from such THz sources are rather rare. In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the backward THz wave radiation from a two-color laser field-induced plasma filament. In theory, a linear dipole array model predicts that the proportion of the backward emitted THz wave decreases with the length of the plasma filament. In our experiment, we obtain the typical waveform and spectrum of the backward THz radiation from a plasma with a length of about 5 mm. The dependence of the peak THz electric field on the pump laser pulse energy indicates that the THz generation processes of the forward and backward THz waves are essentially the same. As the laser pulse energy changes, there is a peak timing shift in the THz waveform, implying a plasma position change caused by the nonlinear-focusing effect. Our demonstration may find applications in THz imaging and remote sensing. This work also contributes to a better understanding of the THz emission process from two-color laser-induced plasma filaments.
Privacy-Preserving Computation for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading on a Public Blockchain
Authors: Mitrea Dan , Cioara Tudor , Anghel Ionut
Published: May 2023

To ensure the success of energy transition and achieve the target of reducing the carbon footprint of energy systems, the management of energy systems needs to be decentralized. Public blockchains offer favorable features to support energy sector democratization and reinforce citizens’ trust, such as tamper-proof energy data registration and sharing, decentralization, transparency, and support for peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading. However, in blockchain-based P2P energy markets, transactional data are public and accessible, which raises privacy concerns related to prosumers’ energy profiles while lacking scalability and featuring high transactional costs. In this paper, we employ secure multi-party computation (MPC) to assure privacy on a P2P energy flexibility market implementation in Ethereum by combining the prosumers’ flexibility orders data and storing it safely on the chain. We provide an encoding mechanism for orders on the energy market to obfuscate the amount of energy traded by creating groups of prosumers, by splitting the amount of energy from bids and offers, and by creating group-level orders. The solution wraps around the smart contracts-based implementation of an energy flexibility marketplace, assuring privacy features on all market operations such as order submission, matching bids and offers, and commitment in trading and settlement. The experimental results show that the proposed solution is effective in supporting P2P energy flexibility trading, reducing the number of transactions, and gas consumption with a limited computational time overhead.
Combination of Clinical and Gait Measures to Classify Fallers and Non-Fallers in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Araújo Hayslenne A. G. O. , Smaili Suhaila M. , Morris Rosie , Graham Lisa , Das Julia , McDonald Claire , Walker Richard , Stuart Samuel , Vitório Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

Although the multifactorial nature of falls in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is well described, optimal assessment for the identification of fallers remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to identify clinical and objective gait measures that best discriminate fallers from non-fallers in PD, with suggestions of optimal cutoff scores. METHODS: Individuals with mild-to-moderate PD were classified as fallers (n = 31) or non-fallers (n = 96) based on the previous 12 months’ falls. Clinical measures (demographic, motor, cognitive and patient-reported outcomes) were assessed with standard scales/tests, and gait parameters were derived from wearable inertial sensors (Mobility Lab v2); participants walked overground, at a self-selected speed, for 2 min under single and dual-task walking conditions (maximum forward digit span). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified measures (separately and in combination) that best discriminate fallers from non-fallers; we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) and identified optimal cutoff scores (i.e., point closest-to-(0,1) corner). RESULTS: Single gait and clinical measures that best classified fallers were foot strike angle (AUC = 0.728; cutoff = 14.07°) and the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I; AUC = 0.716, cutoff = 25.5), respectively. Combinations of clinical + gait measures had higher AUCs than combinations of clinical-only or gait-only measures. The best performing combination included the FES-I score, New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire score, foot strike angle and trunk transverse range of motion (AUC = 0.85). CONCLUSION: Multiple clinical and gait aspects must be considered for the classification of fallers and non-fallers in PD.
Development and Earliest Validation of a Portable Device for Quantification of Hallux Extension Strength (QuHalEx)
Authors: Hile Elizabeth S. , Ghazi Mustafa , Chandrashekhar Raghuveer , Rippetoe Josiah , Fox Ashley , Wang Hongwu
Published: May 2023

Hallux strength is associated with sports performance and balance across the lifespan, and independently predicts falls in older adults. In rehabilitation, Medical Research Council (MRC) Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) is the clinical standard for hallux strength assessment, but subtle weakness and longitudinal changes in strength may go undetected. To address the need for research-grade yet clinically feasible options, we designed a new load cell device and testing protocol to Quantify Hallux Extension strength (QuHalEx). We aim to describe the device, protocol and initial validation. In benchtop testing, we used eight precision weights to apply known loads from 9.81 to 78.5 N. In healthy adults, we performed three maximal isometric tests for hallux extension and flexion on the right and left sides. We calculated the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval and descriptively compared our isometric force–time output to published parameters. QuHalEx benchtop absolute error ranged from 0.02 to 0.41 (mean 0.14) N. Benchtop and human intrasession output was repeatable (ICC 0.90–1.00, p < 0.001). Hallux strength in our sample (n = 38, age 33.5 ± 9.6 years, 53% female, 55% white) ranged from 23.1 to 82.0 N peak extension force and 32.0 to 142.4 N peak flexion, and differences of ~10 N (15%) between toes of the same MRC grade (5) suggest that QuHalEx is able to detect subtle weakness and interlimb asymmetries that are missed by MMT. Our results support ongoing QuHalEx validation and device refinement with a longer-term goal of widespread clinical and research application.
Adaptive Learning Framework (Alef) in UAE Public Schools from the Parents’ Perspective
Authors: Emara Nazera , Ali Nagla , Abu Khurma Othman
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the Adaptive Learning Framework (Alef) platform and determine how parents perceive the implementation of such a program to support their children’s learning. Alef is a smart learning program that is mandated in United Arab Emirates (UAE) public schools to promote student-centered, interactive, and differentiated learning and personalized experiences. The participants were parents of students enrolled in grades 9–12 in UAE public high schools. The study used semi-structured interviews to gather qualitative data to delve deeply into parents’ perceptions of how Alef supports their children’s learning. The results showed that Alef offers stimulating and engaging educational experiences and encourages independent learning. It was found that students’ learning was bolstered when using Alef. In addition, the results indicated the existence of some challenges stemming from the usage of Alef that could have an impact on students’ learning and motivation and, ultimately, the sustainability of such a program. Recommendations are provided to overcome these challenges.
Symbiotic and Asymmetric Causality of the Soil Tillage System and Biochar Application on Soil Carbon Sequestration and Crop Production
Authors: Bogale Amare Assefa , Melash Anteneh Agezew , Percze Attila
Published: May 2023

Agriculture faces a significant challenge in maintaining crop production to meet the calorie demand of the ever-growing population because of limited arable land and climate change. This enforces a search for alternative multifarious agricultural-based solutions to meet the calorie demand. In search of alternatives, agricultural soil management has been highlighted and is expected to contribute to climate change mitigation through soil carbon sequestration and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through effective agricultural management practices. The addition of biochar to the soil significantly improves the soil nitrogen status, soil organic carbon, and phosphorus, with greater effects under the different tillage systems. This symbiosis association could further change the bacterial structure in the deeper soil layer which thus would be important to enhancing productivity, particularly in vertisols. Biochar also has an environmental risk and negative consequences. Heavy metals could be present in the final food products if we use contaminated raw materials to prepare biochar. However, there is a need to investigate biochar application under different climatic conditions, seasons, soil tillage systems, and crop types. These indicate that the positive effect of proper biochar fertilization on the physiology, yield formation, nutrient uptake, and soil health indicators substantiate the need to include biochar in the form of nutrients in the crop production sector, especially in light of the changing climate and soil tillage systems.
Fluid–Solid Coupling Numerical Analysis of Pore Water Pressure and Settlement in Vacuum-Preloaded Soft Foundation Based on FLAC3D
Authors: Lei Ming , Luo Shilin , Chang Jin , Zhang Rui , Kuang Xilong , Jiang Jianqing
Published: May 2023

There are few calculation methods for the design and construction of vacuum preloading to strengthen soft foundations. Based on the FLAC3D, a calculation model was established for the vacuum preloading project of the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Through calculation and comparison of measured values, the following results were obtained: (1) The top surface of the reinforcement area and the sand drain can be regarded as the load boundary, which can be realized by assigning the node pore water pressure. (2) After 30 days of vacuum action, the settlement rate at each depth decreased significantly and the deformation gradually became stable. It is reasonable to design the vacuum preloading time as 2–4 months. (3) The negative pore water pressure has different transmission times and uneven distribution, which makes the consolidation time and degree of soil on the same level uneven. After 30 days of vacuum action, this uneven phenomenon will be transformed into a uniform phenomenon. (4) The change time of pore water pressure under vacuum preloading is about 30 days. After that, the pore water pressure at different depths will tend to have different constant values. The influence depth of vacuum preloading can reach 16 m. These works can make up for the deficiency of vacuum preloading calculation methods.
Learning Analytics on Student Engagement to Enhance Students’ Learning Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Johar Nurul Atiqah , Kew Si Na , Tasir Zaidatun , Koh Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

The study of learning analytics provides statistical analysis and extract insights from data, particularly in education. Various studies regarding student engagement in online learning have been conducted at tertiary institutions to verify its effects on students’ learning performance. However, there exists a knowledge gap whereby the types of student-engagement issues derived from learning analytics have not been collectively studied thus far. In order to bridge the knowledge gap, this paper engages a new systematic literature review (SLR) that analysed 42 articles using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The existing research on student engagement in online learning does not extensively integrate the five types of online engagement proposed by Redmond et al., and the use of learning analytics on the subject matter is also limited. Thus, this review sheds light on the types of student engagement indicated by using learning analytics, hoping to enhance students’ learning performance in online learning. As revealed in the findings, some studies measured multifaceted engagement to enhance students’ learning performance, but they are limited in number. Thus, it is recommended that future research incorporate multifaceted engagement such as social, cognitive, collaborative, behavioural, and emotional engagement in online learning and utilise learning analytics to improve students’ learning performance. This review could serve as the basis for future research in online higher education.
A Framework for Detection of Exact Global and Partial Symmetry in 3D CAD Models
Authors: Buric Mladen , Bosner Tina , Skec Stanko
Published: May 2023

The most common way to retrieve symmetry information (i.e., the planes and axes of symmetry) in 3D CAD models is through visual recognition by engineers. However, engineers are not able to visually recognize exact symmetry in any CAD model, and their ability to recognize symmetry decreases as the number of CAD models increases. To overcome these limitations, computer-aided symmetry detection is employed, which enables the (semi)automatic extraction of the symmetry information in CAD models. Hence, the present paper introduces a symmetry detection framework for 3D CAD models with boundary representation. The novelty of this research was that it addressed the detection of exact and partial axi- and reflectional symmetry in CAD models with analytic and numeric surfaces. Further, symmetry measures were proposed to differentiate exact, partial, or non-symmetry in the CAD model. The framework was implemented into a state-of-the-art CAD system and subjected to performance and time complexity validation. The results showed that the implemented framework’s performance was 0.94 F1-score, and the time complexity was linear with respect to the number of faces in the CAD model. Hence, it was concluded that the framework is suitable for industrial applications to support engineers in symmetry detection.
Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Exposure and Abnormal Alanine Aminotransferase: Using Clinical Consensus Cutoffs Compared to Statistical Cutoffs for Abnormal Values
Authors: Ducatman Alan , Tan Youran , Nadeau Brian , Steenland Kyle
Published: May 2023

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Prior analysis in the large “C8 Health Project” population defined abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with statistically derived cutoffs (>45 IU/L in men, >34 IU/L in women). Objective: To explore the degree to which PFOA was associated with modern, clinically predictive ALT biomarker cutoffs in obese and nonobese participants, excluding those with diagnosed liver disease. Methods: We reevaluated the relationship of serum PFOA to abnormal ALT using predictive cutoff recommendations including those of the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG). Evaluations modeled lifetime cumulative exposure and measured internal PFOA exposure. Results: ACG cutoff values (≥34 IU/L for males, ≥25 IU/L for females) classified 30% of males (3815/12,672) and 21% of females (3359/15,788) above ALT cutoff values. Odds ratios (OR) for above cutoff values were consistently associated with modeled cumulative and measured serum PFOA. Linear trends were highly significant. ORs by quintile showed near monotonic increases. Trends were stronger for the overweight and obese. However, all weight classes were affected. Conclusion: Predictive cutoffs increase the OR for abnormal ALT results. Obesity increases ORs, yet association with abnormal ALT pertains to all weight classes. The results are discussed in context of current knowledge about the health implications of PFOA hepatotoxicity.
Phytogenically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Potentially Inhibit the Bacterial Pathogens: In Vitro Studies
Authors: Ahamad Khan Mo , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Shahid Mohammad , Zeyad Mohammad Tarique , Syed Asad , Ehtram Aquib , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Verma Meenakshi , Danish Mohammad
Published: May 2023

The usefulness of nanoparticles (NPs) in biological applications, such as nanomedicine, is becoming more widely acknowledged. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a type of metal oxide nanoparticle with an extensive use in biomedicine. Here, ZnO-NPs were synthesized using Cassia siamea (L.) leaf extract and characterized using state-of-the-art techniques; UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. At sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels, the ability of ZnO@Cs-NPs to suppress quorum-mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation against clinical MDR isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Chromobacterium violaceum MCC-2290) was tested. The ½MIC of ZnO@Cs-NPs reduced violacein production by C. violaceum. Furthermore, ZnO@Cs-NPs sub-MIC significantly inhibited virulence factors such aspyoverdin, pyocyanin, elastase, exoprotease, rhamnolipid, and the swimming motility of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 76.9, 49.0, 71.1, 53.3, 89.5, and 60%, respectively. Moreover, ZnO@Cs-NPs also showed wide anti-biofilm efficacy, inhibiting a maximum of 67 and 56% biofilms in P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum, respectively. In addition, ZnO@Cs-NPs suppressed extra polymeric substances (EPS) produced by isolates. Additionally, under confocal microscopy, propidium iodide-stained cells of P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum show ZnO@Cs-NP-induced impairment in membrane permeability, revealing strong anti-bacterial efficacy. This research demonstrates that newly synthesized ZnO@Cs-NPs demonstrate a strong efficacy against clinical isolates. In a nutshell, ZnO@Cs-NPs can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for managing pathogenic infections.
Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Metal Nanomaterials on Cell Energy Metabolism
Authors: Liang Chaoshuai , Jiang Qiuyao , Liu Zhenzhen , Yang Jian , Zhang Jie , Zhang Shuping , Xin Wei
Published: May 2023

Metallic nanomaterials (MNMs) are widely used in the medical field because of their photocatalytic, optical, electrical, electronic, antibacterial, and bactericidal properties. Despite the advantages of MNMs, there is a lack of complete understanding of their toxicological behavior and their interactions with cellular mechanisms that determine cell fate. Most of the existing studies are acute toxicity studies with high doses, which is not conducive to understanding the toxic effects and mechanisms of homeostasis-dependent organelles, such as mitochondria, which are involved in many cellular functions. In this study, four types of MNMs were used to investigate the effects of metallic nanomaterials on mitochondrial function and structure. We first characterized the four MNMs and selected the appropriate sublethal concentration for application in cells. Mitochondrial characterization, energy metabolism, mitochondrial damage, mitochondrial complex activity, and expression levels were evaluated using various biological methods. The results showed that the four types of MNMs greatly inhibited mitochondrial function and cell energy metabolism and that the material entering the mitochondria damaged the mitochondrial structure. Additionally, the complex activity of mitochondrial electron transport chains is critical for assessing the mitochondrial toxicity of MNMs, which may serve as an early warning of MNM-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity.
Impact of Administering Intravenous Azithromycin within 7 Days of Hospitalization for Influenza Virus Pneumonia: A Propensity Score Analysis Using a Nationwide Administrative Database
Authors: Tokito Takatomo , Kido Takashi , Muramatsu Keiji , Tokutsu Kei , Okuno Daisuke , Yura Hirokazu , Takemoto Shinnosuke , Ishimoto Hiroshi , Takazono Takahiro , Sakamoto Noriho , Obase Yasushi , Ishimatsu Yuji , Fujino Yoshihisa , Yatera Kazuhiro , Fushimi Kiyohide , Matsuda Shinya , Mukae Hiroshi
Published: May 2023

The potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effectiveness of azithromycin against severe influenza is yet unclear. We retrospectively investigated the effect of intravenous azithromycin administration within 7 days of hospitalization in patients with influenza virus pneumonia and respiratory failure. Using Japan’s national administrative database, we enrolled and classified 5066 patients with influenza virus pneumonia into severe, moderate, and mild groups based on their respiratory status within 7 days of hospitalization. The primary endpoints were total, 30-day, and 90-day mortality rates. The secondary endpoints were the duration of intensive-care unit management, invasive mechanical ventilation, and hospital stay. The inverse probability of the treatment weighting method with estimated propensity scores was used to minimize data collection bias. Use of intravenous azithromycin was proportional to the severity of respiratory failure (mild: 1.0%, moderate: 3.1%, severe: 14.8%). In the severe group, the 30-day mortality rate was significantly lower with azithromycin (26.49% vs. 36.65%, p = 0.038). In the moderate group, the mean duration of invasive mechanical ventilation after day 8 was shorter with azithromycin; there were no significant differences in other endpoints between the severe and moderate groups. These results suggest that intravenous azithromycin has favorable effects in patients with influenza virus pneumonia using mechanical ventilation or oxygen.
Balancing Functional Tradeoffs between Protein Stability and ACE2 Binding in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2, BA.2.75 and XBB Lineages: Dynamics-Based Network Models Reveal Epistatic Effects Modulating Compensatory Dynamic and Energetic Changes
Authors: Verkhivker Gennady , Alshahrani Mohammed , Gupta Grace
Published: May 2023

Evolutionary and functional studies suggested that the emergence of the Omicron variants can be determined by multiple fitness trade-offs including the immune escape, binding affinity for ACE2, conformational plasticity, protein stability and allosteric modulation. In this study, we systematically characterize conformational dynamics, structural stability and binding affinities of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Omicron complexes with the host receptor ACE2 for BA.2, BA.2.75, XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 variants. We combined multiscale molecular simulations and dynamic analysis of allosteric interactions together with the ensemble-based mutational scanning of the protein residues and network modeling of epistatic interactions. This multifaceted computational study characterized molecular mechanisms and identified energetic hotspots that can mediate the predicted increased stability and the enhanced binding affinity of the BA.2.75 and XBB.1.5 complexes. The results suggested a mechanism driven by the stability hotspots and a spatially localized group of the Omicron binding affinity centers, while allowing for functionally beneficial neutral Omicron mutations in other binding interface positions. A network-based community model for the analysis of epistatic contributions in the Omicron complexes is proposed revealing the key role of the binding hotspots R498 and Y501 in mediating community-based epistatic couplings with other Omicron sites and allowing for compensatory dynamics and binding energetic changes. The results also showed that mutations in the convergent evolutionary hotspot F486 can modulate not only local interactions but also rewire the global network of local communities in this region allowing the F486P mutation to restore both the stability and binding affinity of the XBB.1.5 variant which may explain the growth advantages over the XBB.1 variant. The results of this study are consistent with a broad range of functional studies rationalizing functional roles of the Omicron mutation sites that form a coordinated network of hotspots enabling a balance of multiple fitness tradeoffs and shaping up a complex functional landscape of virus transmissibility.
Hydrogen Bonding (Base Pairing) in Antiviral Activity
Authors: De Clercq Erik
Published: May 2023

Base pairing based on hydrogen bonding has, since its inception, been crucial in the antiviral activity of arabinosyladenine, 2′-deoxyuridines (i.e., IDU, TFT, BVDU), acyclic nucleoside analogues (i.e., acyclovir) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Base pairing based on hydrogen bonding also plays a key role in the mechanism of action of various acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) such as adefovir, tenofovir, cidofovir and O-DAPYs, thus explaining their activity against a wide array of DNA viruses (human hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency (HIV) and human herpes viruses (i.e., human cytomegalovirus)). Hydrogen bonding (base pairing) also seems to be involved in the inhibitory activity of Cf1743 (and its prodrug FV-100) against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and in the activity of sofosbuvir against hepatitis C virus and that of remdesivir against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Hydrogen bonding (base pairing) may also explain the broad-spectrum antiviral effects of ribavirin and favipiravir. This may lead to lethal mutagenesis (error catastrophe), as has been demonstrated with molnutegravir in its activity against SARS-CoV-2.
Cytokine Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Stimulation in Patients with Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies
Authors: Lucane Zane , Slisere Baiba , Gersone Gita , Papirte Sindija , Gailite Linda , Tretjakovs Peteris , Kurjane Natalja
Published: May 2023

Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs) are inborn disorders characterized by immune dysregulation and increased susceptibility to infections. Response to vaccination, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may be impaired in these patients, and studies on responsiveness correlates, including cytokine signatures to antigen stimulation, are sparse. In this study, we aimed to describe the spike-specific cytokine response following whole-blood stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides in patients with PAD (n = 16 with common variable immunodeficiency and n = 15 with selective IgA deficiency) and its relationship with the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during up to 10-month follow-up period. Spike-induced antibody and cytokine production was measured using ELISA (anti-spike IgG, IFN-γ) and xMAP technology (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-21, TNF-α, TGF-β1). No difference was found in the production of cytokines between patients with PAD and controls. Anti-spike IgG and cytokine levels did not predict contraction of COVID-19. The only cytokine that distinguished between vaccinated and naturally infected unvaccinated PAD patients was IFN-γ (median 0.64 (IQR = 1.08) in vaccinated vs. 0.10 (IQR = 0.28) in unvaccinated). This study describes the spike-specific cytokine response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens, which is not predictive of contracting COVID-19 during the follow-up.
Clustered Cases of Waterborne Hepatitis E Virus Infection, France
Authors: Lhomme Sébastien , Magne Sébastien , Perelle Sylvie , Vaissière Emmanuelle , Abravanel Florence , Trelon Laetitia , Hennechart-Collette Catherine , Fraisse Audrey , Martin-Latil Sandra , Izopet Jacques , Figoni Julie , Spaccaferri Guillaume
Published: May 2023

The identification of seven cases of hepatitis E virus infection in a French rural hamlet in April 2015 led to investigations confirming the clustering and identifying the source of the infection. Laboratories and general practitioners in the area actively searched for other cases based on RT-PCR and serological tests. The environment, including water sources, was also checked for HEV RNA. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to compare HEV sequences. No other cases were found. Six of the seven patients lived in the same hamlet, and the seventh used to visit his family who lived there. All HEV strains were very similar and belonged to the HEV3f subgenotype, confirming the clustering of these cases. All the patients drank water from the public network. A break in the water supply to the hamlet was identified at the time the infection probably occurred; HEV RNA was also detected in a private water source that was connected to the public water network. The water flowing from the taps was quite turbid during the break. The private water supply containing HEV RNA was the likely source of the contamination. Private water supplies not disconnected from the public network are still frequent in rural areas, where they may contribute to public water pollution.
SpaceSheep: Satellite Communications for Ovine Smart Grazing
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro , Corujo Daniel
Published: May 2023

The application of IoT-based methods to support pastoralism allows the smart optimization of livestock operations and improves the efficiency of the activity. The use of autonomous animal control mechanisms frees the shepherd to carry out other tasks. However, human intervention is still needed in cases such as system failure, the bad or unpredicted behavior of the animals, or even in cases of danger, the welfare of the animal. This study documents the enhancement of an alarm generation system, initially developed within the scope of the SheepIT project, to monitor animal behavior and equipment, which warns the human operator of the occurrence of undesirable events that require intervention. Special attention was given to the use of case scenarios in places without Internet access, such as rural areas. Therefore, the system was integrated with a satellite interface, as a way of guaranteeing the timely delivery of the alarm messages. To ensure an acceptable operating cost, the system was further optimized in terms of message encoding, considering the cost of this type of communication. This study assessed the overall performance of the system, evaluated its scalability, and compared the efficiency gains from the optimization, as well as the performance of the satellite link.
THE BULLS BREED DIFFERENCES IMPACT ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF BEEF OBTAINED FROM THEM
Authors: ГОРЛОВ И.Ф. , СЛОЖЕНКИНА М.И. , НИКОЛАЕВ Д.В. , МИРОШНИК А.С. , МОСОЛОВА Д.А. , ЧЕРНИКОВ Е.В.
Published: May 2023

В статье представлены результаты анализа морфологического состава и биологической ценности белков мышечной ткани бычков русской комолой и калмыцкой пород типа Айта. Опыт проводили в условиях племенного хозяйства, расположенного на территории Нижнего Поволжья. Кормление животных осуществляли из расчета на получение среднесуточных приростов живой массы 1000—1100 г. Бычков содержали на свободновыгульных кормовых площадках. Контрольный убой 5 особей из каждой опытной группы показал превосходство молодняка русской комолой породы по выходу туши на 1,03% и убойному выходу — на 0,93% по сравнению со сверстниками калмыцкой породы. По результатам обвалки правых полутуш было установлено превышение массы мякоти и снижение выхода мякоти II сорта на 3,13 и 1,44% соответственно у бычков русской комолой породы. Длиннейшая мышца спины этих животных отличалась повышенным значением белково-качественного показателя на 2,64%, более низкими массовыми долями сухого вещества — на 0,4% и жира — на 0,1% по сравнению с их сверстниками калмыцкой породы. В ней зафиксировано превышение доли полноценных саркоплазматических белков на 0,36% (P≤0,01). Микроструктура мышцы отличалась более выраженной «мраморностью»: прослеживались четкие границы жировых прослоек и волокон с липидными включениями. Полученные данные следует использовать для выработки практических рекомендаций по производству конкурентоспособной говядины в условиях Нижнего Поволжья.

The article presents the morphological composition and biological value of muscle tissue of Russian Hornless and Kalmyk Aita-type bulls analysis results. The experiment was conducted in a breeding farm located in the Lower Volga region. Feeding of animals was performed to ensure the average daily live weight gain were 1000—1100 g. The bulls were kept on free-range feedlots. The control slaughter of 5 animals from each experimental group showed the superiority of Russian Hornless breed of young cattle in carcass yield by 1.03% and slaughter yield by 0.93% compared to their peers of Kalmyk breed. According to the right half-carcasses deboning results, an excess of flesh weight and a decrease in grade II flesh yield in the Russian Hornless breed bulls by 3.13 and 1.44%, respectively, were determined. The longissimus dorsi muscle of these animals had an increased protein-quality index by 2.64%, a reduced mass fractions of dry matter — by 0.4% and fat — by 0.10% compared to their peers of the Kalmyk breed. It recorded a sarcoplasmic complete proteins share excess by 0,36% (P≤0.01). The muscle microstructure was characterized by a more pronounced "marbling": clear outlines of fat layers and fibers with lipid inclusions were observed. The data obtained should be used in practical recommendations development for competitive beef production in conditions of the Lower Volga region.
RANCANG BANGUN PENDETEKSI PELANGGARAN LAMPU LALU LINTAS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER DAN SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Siregar Ryan Sihopong Parlindungan , Kurniabudi Kurniabudi , Pahlevi M. Riza
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK

Pelanggaran lalu lintas hingga saat ini menjadi kebiasaan masyarakat di sebagian besar kota-kota di Indonesia. Jenis-jenis pelanggaran yang dilakukan yaitu tidak memakai sabuk pengaman saat berada di mobil, melawan arus, tidak membawa kelengkapan surat kendaraan, menerobos lampu lalu lintas di persimpangan lampu lalu lintas dan lain-lain. Menurut WHO, kecelakaan lalu lintas telah memakan korban jiwa sekitar 2,4 juta jiwa manusia setiap tahunnya. Jumlah angka kematian yang diakibatkan kecelakaan lalu lintas ini menduduki peringkat ketiga sebagai penyebab kematian setelah HIV/AIDS dan TBC. Oleh karena itu dirancang alat Pendetek Pelanggaran Lampu Lalu Lintas Berbasis Mikrokontroller dan SMS Gateway. Alat ini menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai librari dari sensor jarak (HC-SR04), hasil dari proses mikrokontroler ini akan mengaktifkan sensor Ultrasonik yang mana mendeteksi Pelanggaran yang terjadi ketika lampu sedang berwarna merah sebagai tanda bahwa sensor berkerja sesuai dengan rancangan. Alat yang dirancang dapat berkerja dengan baik dan memberikan kemudahan kepada pihak kepolisian dalam mentertibkan lalu lintas dan juga mengetahui siapa saja yang telah melakukan pelanggaran menerobos lampu merah.

Kata Kunci : Pendeteksi Pelanggaran, Lampu Lalu Lintas, Arduino Uno, SMS Gateway, Sensor Ultrasonik
Penerapan Metode Regresi Linier BergandaUntuk Mengestimasi Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin
Authors: Candra Adi Rahmat  , Kurniabudi  , Novianto Yudi
Published: May 2023

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk akan mempengaruhi dan berdampak pada tingkat kepadatan penduduk di suatu wilayah, sehingga akan menimbulkan masalah yang berhubungan dengan kependudukan. Adapun faktor yang mendominasi pertumbuhan penduduk yaitu kelahiran, kematian, dan migrasi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode yaitu regresi linier berganda. Adapun pengujian didalam penelitian ini yaitu uji asumsi klasik yang terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji multikolinieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas, dan uji autokorelasi. selain itu juga ada uji hipotesis dianatarnya yaitu uji F, uji t, dan uji koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil dari uji normalitas yaitu data berdistribusi normal. Hasil dari uji multikolinieritas, variabel kelahiran (X1) dan kematian (X2) tidak terjadi multikolinieritas. Pada uji heteroskedastisitas, variabel kelahiran (X1) dan variabel kematian (X2) tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas. Pada pengujian autokorelasi tidak terjadi autokorelasi. Adapun hasil uji hipotesis yang pertama yaitu uji F mendapatkan hasil yaitu variabel X (kelahiran dan kematian) berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap variabel Y (jumlah penduduk). Adapun hasil uji hipotesis yang kedua yaitu uji t (Uji Parsial) terdapat pengaruh antara variabel Kelahiran (X1) dan kematian (X2) terhadap varabel jumlah penduduk (Y). Adapun hasil uji koefisien determinasi (R2) yaitu variabel kelahiran (X1) dan variabel kematian (X2) mampu menjelaskan jumlah penduduk sebesar 85,9%. Dari perhitungan metode regresi linier berganda didapatkan estimasi jumlah penduduk Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin di tahun 2022 adalah sebanyak 612.474 Jiwa. Terjadi penurunan jumlah penduduk Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin dari tahun 2021 ke tahun 2022 yaitu sebanyak 14.595 jiwa.
Perancangan Control Dan Monitoring Smart Home Berbasis Internet Of Things Menggunakan NodeMCU
Authors: Fauzi Kiki , Jasmir  , Riyadi Willy
Published: May 2023

Internet of Things (IoT) adalah jaringan perangkat yang saling terhubung dan berkomunikasi satu sama lain melalui Internet. Menerapkan teknologi smart home adalah elemen penting dari Internet of Things (IoT). Smart home dapat didefinisikan sebagai konvergensi teknologi dan layanan melalui jaringan rumah, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kondisi hidup. Karena fokus pada konstruksi hemat energi dan kenyamanan hidup, smart home telah mendapatkan perhatian yang semakin meningkat. Hasil Rancang bangun sistem berbasis Smart Home dapat di implementasikan guna mengamankan pintu dan menghemat penggunaan sumber daya listrik saat tidak diperlukan. Dari hasil pengujian White Box dan Black Box testing, sistem dapat bekerja sesuai urutan perintah program pada Arduino IDE yaitu NodeMCU membaca suhu ruangan dengan sensor DHT-11 dan hasil pembacaan nya juga ditampilkan pada aplikasi Sinric Pro. Apabila suhu ruangan terdeteksi berada di atas 29,5°C maka kipas angin DC akan otomatis menyala untuk mendinginkan ruangan. Selanjutnya untuk pengujian nyala lampu dan Solenoida, alat dapat bekerja saat tombol di tekan oleh user di kendalikan jarak jauh dengan menggunakan aplikasi Sinric Pro.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Pada SMP N 22 Muaro Jambi Berbasis Web
Authors: Berliani  , Agus Nugroho  , Roby Setiawan
Published: May 2023

SMP N 22 Muaro Jambi pada proses pencarian data membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama karena data masih terdapat pada buku agenda dalam bentuk catatan tertulis yang disimpan dalam lemari arsip. Setiap data di catat ke dalam buku agenda di anggap kurang efektif dan efisien karena data tidak saling terintegrasi sehingga petugas mengalami kesulitan saat harus merekap data dalam pembuatan laporan. Tingkat keamanan data yang masih rendah karena disimpan dalam bentuk arsip yang beresiko terjadinya kerusakan, maupun kehilangan data. Dalam proses pencatatan data perpustakaan kerap kali terjadi kesalahan yang tanpa disadari sehingga data yang salah terlanjur tersimpan dan tidak terkoreksi kembali. metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan model air terjun (waterfall) dan tools UML (Unified Modeling Languange), implementasi penelitian ini menggunakan Bahasa Perograman PHP (Adobe Dreamweaver) dan MySQL (My Structured Query Language), hingga menghasilkan aplikasi pengolahan yang Membantu mengelola data, mencari data dan mencetak laporan serta mempermudah mencari informasi buku yang dibutuhkan.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN BAHAN AJAR INTERAKTIF MENGGUNAKAN QUIZIZZ UNTUK GURU - GURU SD NEGERI 108 / IV KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Amroni  , Irawan Beni , Riyadi Willy , Harris Abdul
Published: May 2023

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan komunikasi mendorong pendidik (guru) agar dapat memanfaatkan aplikasi penunjang pembelajaran bahan ajar interaktif sehingga para siswa/i lebih tetarik dalam belajar. Quizizz adalah salah satu alternatif aplikasi media pembelajaran interaktif yang berbasis web serta dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pendidik (guru) untuk membentuk kuis yang dapat dikerjakan secara online. SD Negeri 108 / IV Kota Jambi yang berada di Jl. Marsda Iswahyudi, Pasir Putih, Kec. Jambi Sel., Kota Jambi, 36139. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi guru – guru di sekolah ini yaitu kurangnya pemahaman tentang pembuatan media belajar interaktif agar siswa/i tertarik dalam belajar serta mengasah kemampuan siswa/i di SD Negeri 108 / IV Kota Jambi. Sehingga diperlukan penyuluhan dalam bentuk Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) kepada guru – guru di SD Negeri 108 / IV Kota Jambi dengan tema “Pelatihan Pembuatan Pembuatan Bahan Ajar Interaktif Menggunakan Quizizz Untuk Guru – Guru SD Negeri 108 / IV Kota Jambi” agar para guru – guru  mampu membuat media belajar interaktif dengan Ms. Office dan Quizizz.
Sistem Manajemen Risiko Melalui Aplikasi Simako Pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara VI
Authors: Sarkim Sarkim , Effiyaldi Effiyaldi
Published: May 2023

Proper and optimal risk management will increase the Company's certainty in achieving its targets, and provide confidence that the Company can realize existing business opportunities by minimizing potential risks and losses that may occur. The development of Risk Management in Indonesia is currently experiencing rapid progress, because all are aware that the world is full of uncertainty that results in risks that can harm interested parties, to achieve success in the business world, uncertainty and its risks cannot be ignored, but can be minimized by Risk management. At this time PT Perkebunan Nusantara VI in the risk identification process has used a Website-based System called SIMAKO, but the risk profile report cannot be grouped based on the level of risk, so the number of risks with very high, high, medium and low categories cannot be known and this It is very difficult for the user to identify all the risks that have been previously inputted, the system that has been implemented by researchers has changed the output results as desired by the company management.
Portal Berita Berbasis Web Pada PT. Jambi Ekspres Televisi (JEKTV)
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , Sarjono Sarjono
Published: May 2023

The development of technology has a positive impact in the delivery of news or information to the public to be easier and faster without any distance limitation in accessing the news. News portal is one of the media that is widely accessed by the public to get information through the internet. At PT. Jambi Ekspres Televisi (JEKTV) does not have a news portal to deliver such information quickly. The methodology used in designing this news portal is the prototype method. The purpose of designing this news portal is expected to help the company's performance in serving the news needed by the community quickly and the community can receive the news information up to date.
Sistem Informasi Promosi Berbasis Web Pada UMKM Jajanan Aulia
Authors: Ternando Dayu , Mulyono Herry
Published: May 2023

At this time in an era where to disseminate or search for information using internet media without any limitations, the current rapid business competition requires business people to always follow market developments and the wishes of the market. UMKM Jajanan Aulia are experiencing limited time constraints in promoting their products, so the marketing activities carried out by UMKM Jajanan Aulia are currently not being managed properly. Therefore, the main problem faced is marketing, especially in the field of promotion. The purpose of this research: object-oriented approach using UML (unified modeling language). This research produces a prototype web-based promotional system design that uses the programming language PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) and database MySQL (My Structured Query Language), it is hoped that this information system prototype is developed so that it can actually be applied to UMKM Jajanan Aulia to support all business processes from a website-based promotional information system.
Sistem Informasi Cuti Pegawai Berbasis Web Pada Universitas Jambi
Authors: Rachman Abdul , Effiyaldi Effiyaldi
Published: May 2023

Leave is one of the employee rights that must be given by a company. Issues regarding the licensing and leave of civil servants have been regulated in Law Number 11 of 2017 about management of civil servants. The process of applying leave at Jambi University is currently still done manually, checking the remaining leave, filing the form, approval and leave reports still rely on paper leave archives. The manual leave management process has several weaknesses. Employees cannot find out the remaining personal leave entitlements and another weakness is that the leave application process is less effective and efficient. The purpose of this research is to improve the deficiencies that exist in the current system and to simplify and speed up the employee leave management. In designing this prototype, the authors use a modeling tool in the form of Unified Modeling Language (UML) with Use Case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams and Class Diagrams.
Prediksi Masa Studi Mahasiswa Unama Jambi Menggunakan Metode Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Mega Meyer , Jasmir Jasmir
Published: May 2023

Every year the number of students at The University of Dynamics of the Nation jambi is always increasing but the students who graduate are different from the number of students who enter. Therefore, the author conducts a data mining analysis on student data so that it can be used by academic supervisors to find out the graduation status of students and as a warning so that students can graduate on time so as to reduce the number of delays in graduation. The author uses student data in 2016 and 2017 as training data and 2020 as testing data as many as 120 training data and 109 testing data and has carried out the data cleaning and attribute selection process using the forward selection method. In conducting the analysis, the author used the Tools Weka tool. The author uses the C4.5 algorithm method with 12 attributes, but there are 4 attributes that are most influential after selecting data using the forward selection method on WEKA. In this case, the author uses 4 test options, namely 5 Fold Cross Validation, 10 Fold Cross Validation, 70% Percentage Split, and 80% Percentage Split. The C4.5 Algorithm method produces the largest accuracy value in the training data, namely 5 Fold Cross Validation by 92.5% and in the testing data by 100%.
Do turismo cultural ao “turismo contextualizado”: uma prática diferente do modelo em curso em Moçambique
Authors: Choe Joao Francisco de Carvalho , Mário Rogério Filipe
Published: May 2023

O objetivo central do presente artigo é analisar a importância do contexto turístico cultural local de modo a contribuir para a redefinição de práticas turísticas inovadoras e repensadas a partir de um conjunto de ações, programas e estratégias de implementação do turismo em Moçambique. Os discursos relativos a este setor, de reconhecida importância em termos de contributo para a economia moçambicana, quando confrontados com os dados estatísticos produzidos, revelam alguma disparidade entre o que se defende como receita do turismo e o que se torna palpável em termos de ganhos a partir do desenvolvimento da atividade turística. A metodologia adotada teve uma abordagem qualitativa com um viés descritivo e analítico. A partir dos resultados desse ensaio constatou-se que o planejamento turístico em Moçambique tem poucas vezes refletido às reais condições dos locais sobre os quais se projeta implementar algum tipo de atividade turística. O aspecto mais saliente desta constatação diz respeito a fraca qualidade ou mesmo inexistência de infraestruturas capazes de assegurar um turismo competitivo e, por tal, garante de desenvolvimento econômico. As facilidades turísticas, o conteúdo da informação turística divulgada, a qualidade dos serviços de transporte, acomodação, restauração e afins comprometem e muito a implementação de um turismo mais bem sucedido e que de facto contribua com receitas visível e economicamente sustentáveis. Por isso defendemos que para o desenvolvimento pleno do turismo em Moçambique só será possível se forem concebidos programas e estratégias de desenvolvimento turísticos que tenham em conta a solução de problemas locais a partir dos recursos locais, processo no qual se deve ter em conta uma ação colaborativa e integrada de diversos atores.