Common Gynaecological Problems and Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Raikwar Ankita 
Published: September 2023

The genital tract is the portal of entry for numerous sexually transmitted diseases (STD). A number of vaginal infection present with few or no symptoms and yet produce serious effect and can be transmissible to other people. An abnormal vaginal discharge is a common complaint in women, and it can be due to vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. These vaginal infections increase susceptibility to STD, including HIV. It is associated with complications such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy, low birth weight and prematurity. The normal vaginal ecosystem depends on the balance of hormones and bacterial. It is characterized by increased vaginal pH and replacement of lactobacilli. It can cause vaginal irritation, pruritus, and malodorous discharge though asymptomatic carriage is common. Addressed to the clinicians and auxiliary health workers who diagnose and treat patients, this article concentrates on the many things that can be done, even under highly imperfect conditions, to help realize the twin goals of reducing transmission and preventing morbidity, it pays special attention to conditions in developing countries, where use of existing primary health care services promises to be the most realistic way to attract and treat more patients. Throughout, improved diagnosis and treatment are regarded as the cornerstone for better control, though readers are reminded that transmission will be reduced only when patient management is supported by counselling, health education, and partner notification. There are four basic strategies for the control of sexually transmitted diseases and then discussion of these in terms of the clinical and support services needed to reach more patients with higher-quality care. A core review of universal population-based data on sexually transmitted infections (STI), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and candidiasis reflecting epidemiological situation is the basic aim of this article. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) being a major health problem affecting mostly young people in both developing and developed countries. Article includes review of socio-demographic characteristics and genital symptoms, and thereafter examined gynaecologically. According to review study most common gynaecological complaint was lower abdominal pain. STI are common in women and represent an important health threat in view of the HIV pandemic. The most common sexually transmitted infections found included trichomonas vaginalis (1.7%) and syphilis (3.7%). Statistical determination from various resources was reviewed and a conclusion was determined based on data. Sexual disease is quiet a concern among women. It is associated with adverse medical and social problems. Above infections are common in the age group 25-35. There is urgent need to sensitize the community about reporting early and immediate medical treatment. It may play a critical and under-recognized role in amplifying HIV transmission and, in some circumstances, may have a major impact on the epidemic dynamics of HIV infection and AIDS in the world.