bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D Cd(II)-Based Complex with Photocatalytic Property and Treatment Activity on Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Suo Shiqi , Gao Juan , Li Jingxia , Hu Yuxia , Wang Chunxia , Deng Ranran , Chen Song
Published: May 2022

A new metal–organic framework of [Cd3(4-Hpzc)2(4-pzc)2(DMF)2]n (1, 4-H2 pzc = 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, DMF = N, N′d-imethylformamide) was prepared via the solvothermal self-assembly reaction of 4-H2pzc
and Cd(NO3)2 ·4H2O. The porous framework has a photonic band gap of 3.37 eV and has a good photocatalytic activation for methyl violet decomposition under ultraviolet irradiation. After obtaining this fresh compound with a special structure, its application
value for the treatment of endometrial cancer was detected. First, the relative expression of IGFBP-rP1 on intrauterine cells was measured. Second, the activity of the PI3K-AKT signaling route in intrauterine cells was determined.
A New 3D Sm(III) Compound: Photocatalytic Property and Application in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Foot and Ankle
Authors: Gao Juan , Fan Hui , Liu Wen-Wen , Yang Qiong
Published: May 2022

A new Sm(III) compound, namely [Sm2(tci)2(H2O)2(e-urea)]n·2n(DMA) (1, H3tci = tri(2-carboxyethyl) isocyanurate, DMA = N,N’-dimethylacetamide, e-urea= 2-imidazolidone), has been solvothermally synthesized from the flexible tricarboxylate ligand of H3tci. Under UV-light irradiation, compound 1 possesses superior photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MV solution. The role of the compound in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the foot and ankle was investigated. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid were determined by ELISA. The activation of the AMPK inflammatory signaling pathway was detected by real-time RT-PCR.
Effect of Al–Mg–Mn Alloy on the Ignition Performance of RDX, HMX and CL-20
Authors: Wang Yi-Kai , Zhu Chen-Guang , Liu Da-Zhi
Published: May 2022

Aluminized explosives are known as non-ideal explosives due to their incomplete energy release. In order to improve its energy release, Al–Mg–Mn was used to replace aluminum. In this article, Thermogravimetric (TG) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques were
used to study the ignition performance of three explosives (RDX, HMX and CL-20) with different mass fractions (0%, 10 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 30 wt.%) of Al–Mg–Mn alloy powder. The results were compared with those of the formulations with the addition of aluminum. The results suggested
that the effect of the addition of Al–Mg–Mn on the extrapolated ignition temperature and exothermic peak temperature of the ignition reaction of aluminized explosives is basically similar to that of Al. However, the addition of Al–Mg–Mn increased the exothermic enthalpy.
Explosives with the addition of Al–Mg–Mn alloy powder could release 1.7–17.4% more energy, depending on the mass fraction. On the other hand, unlike aluminum which reacts only during the ignition of CL-20, Al–Mg–Mn was involved in the exothermic reaction of all
three explosives. During the exothermic decomposition of explosives, the more active magnesium in Al–Mg–Mn will be oxidized, and magnesium vapor will overflow along the grooves and crevices on the surface of the particles, thus destroying the surface oxidation shell and prompting
the active ingredients inside to participate in the reaction.
Research on Mechanism of Sevoflurane Carried with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Regulating Metabolism and Function of Anterior Cervical Lymphocytes Through Induction of PI3K/AKT Signal Pathway
Authors: An Shi-Zhi , Lin Su-Na , Wang Hong-Ying , Li Liang , Meng Fan-Qing
Published: May 2022

We in this study assessed mechanism of sevoflurane carried with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in regulating metabolism and function of anterior cervical lymphocytes through induction of PI3K/AKT signal pathway. 50 of SDF-grade SD rats were divided into 5 groups, including blank group, nanometer group, sevoflurane group, positive control group and pathway agonist group. The expressions ofβ-ACTIN, HIF1A, GLUT1 and HK2 were tested. Proportions of CD3 and T-cells, CD4/CD8 ratio, change of B220 and B-lymphocytes, Th1/Th2, Treg proportion, change of Tc1/Tc2 ratio, and presentation of factors in PI3K/AKT signal pathway were also observed. The expressions of factors related with metabolism of lymphocytes in blank group were found to be highest. = The proportions of CD3 and T-cells in the blank and nanometer groups were lowest while the CD/CD8 ratio was highest. The proportion of CD3 and T-cells in the sevoflurane and positive groups was highest while the CD/CD8 ratio was lowest. The proportion of lymphocytes was regulated by sevoflurane through restraining the activity of PI3K/AKT signal pathway so as to affect the body immunity function. The proportion of lymphocytes could return to normal through activating the activity of PI3K.AKT signal pathway so as to improve the immunological function. The PI3K/AKT signal pathway could be adopted as therapeutic target point for improving the action of anesthetic drugs on body immunity.
Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound-Paclitaxel Instead of Standard Paclitaxel in Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimen for Breast Cancer Under COVID-19 Pandemic—A Single Center Feasibility Study in China
Authors: Huang Jing , Wang Li-Li , Li Nani , Wu Fan , Yang Lin , Huang Wei-Wei
Published: May 2022

The management of breast cancer patients in the current COVID-19 outbreak is challenging. Myelosuppression associated with cancer treatment may increase the risk of infection in both hospitals and at home. We implemented the following strategy to reduce myelosuppression of adjuvant
chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) changing the original regimen of AC×4→wT×12 to wT×12→AC×4. (2) substitution of standard paclitaxel with nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel). For 43 patients who completed nab-paclitaxel
treatment, the compliance rate was 100%, without interruption or delay of nab-paclitaxel treatment. Dose reduction was necessary in 2 patients (4.6%) due to peripheral neuropathy. Thus, 98.6% of the planned doses were administered. As expected, the adjusted adjuvant regimen was safe and well
tolerated. Therefore wT×12→AC×4 treatment procedure may be considered for breast cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic.
Effects of Hypertension on Two-Year Outcomes According to Glycemic Status in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Receiving Newer-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae-Young , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Sung-Jin , Park Sang-Ho , Kim Seunghwan , Kim Byung Gyu , Ahn Chul-Min , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo
Published: May 2022

The effects of hypertension on long-term outcomes according to glycemic status in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after successful implantation of newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have not been fully investigated. In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 11,911 patients were classified into 6 groups according to their glycemic status and presence or absence of hypertension. The major outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction (Re-MI), or any revascularization. In patients without hypertension, the major outcomes were similar between the normoglycemia and prediabetes groups. However, MACE, all-cause death, cardiac death (CD), Re-MI rates were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in normoglycemic patients. Additionally, Re-MI was higher in patients with T2DM than in prediabetic patients. In patients with hypertension, although the major outcomes were similar between the prediabetes and T2DM groups, in both the prediabetes and T2DM groups, MACE, all-cause death, and CD rates were higher than those in the normoglycemia group. During a 2-year follow-up, the comparable harmful effects of hypertension in patients with AMI and prediabetes or T2DM were observed. Effective blood pressure and glucose control should be strengthened to reduce mortality in these patients.
Convergence in Homicide Rates Across the European Union Countries: Toward an Effective and Genuine Security Union
Authors: Adıyaman Ezgi , Kasman Saadet
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates whether homicide rates among the European Union (EU) member countries tend to converge over the period 1990 to 2018. We use the concept of β-convergence proposed by Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1992) and employ the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM, hereafter) methodology for 2-years span panel data of 26 EU member countries. The results provide strong evidence for both absolute and conditional convergence of homicide rates across EU countries. Moreover, speed of homicide convergence is increased by the control variables, namely GDP per capita and unemployment rate. Hence, we conclude that the economic integration contributes to the process of convergence in homicide rates in the EU.

JEL classification: O47; C23; K42
After More Than 50 Years, Pharmacare (and Dental Care) are Coming to Canada
Authors: Lexchin Joel
Published: May 2022

In March 2022, the New Democratic Party (NDP), Canada's social democratic party, and the centrist Liberal government signed a supply and confidence agreement. In return for the NDP agreeing to vote with the government on all crucial issues until June 2025, the Liberals pledged to bring in both pharmacare and dental care programs. Pharmacare, universal public insurance coverage for prescription drugs, had been promised for more than 50 years but never implemented, while public dental care was an almost completely neglected issue. This article explains the long genesis of pharmacare, the need for public dental care, and the political circumstances that led to the agreement. However, at this point, details about both plans are largely absent. As a result, how well those plans will serve the needs of Canadians is yet to be determined.
From School Halls to Shopping Malls: Multilevel Predictors of Police Contact In and Out of School
Authors: Wiley Stephanie A. , Slocum Lee Ann , Esbensen Finn-Aage
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Individual- and school-level factors associated with youth being stopped, searched, or arrested in school are identified. Correlates of community-based contact are also examined. Methods: Longitudinal student surveys and corresponding school-level data come from 21 middle and high schools in 6 districts in St. Louis County, Missouri. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression was used to assess factors related to a three-category dependent variable, distinguishing youth with: (1) no police contact, (2) in-school contact, and (3) out-of-school contact. Independent variables capture student-level demographics, behavior, experiences, and perceptions and school-level characteristics and practices. Results: Factors associated with in-school contact include substance use, peer associations, prior contact, and prior school sanctions. Odds of school-based contact also increase when youth are less aware of school rules and perceive greater disorder. Among school-level characteristics, only officers responding to school problems is significantly associated with in-school contact. Conclusions: There is some consistency in individual-level factors associated with police contact across locations, particularly related to prior sanctions, but findings highlight potential mechanisms that vary across contexts. This study also provides evidence that some schoolwide responses may contribute to youth's likelihood of having police contact in school, but solutions should consider the fluidity of contact in schools and communities.
Differences in Attention Allocation in Relation to Music Teacher Experience and Expertise
Authors: Hicken Laura K. , Duke Robert A.
Published: May 2022

To assess allocation of attention by music teachers with different levels of experience and expertise, we recruited five participant flautists: an artist teacher, two graduate students, and two undergraduates, all of whom observed nine brief video recordings of flute, clarinet, and saxophone players; a juggler; a baseball batter; and a ballerina. We tracked participants’ gaze using wearable eye-tracking hardware and software, and we analyzed the targets and durations of over 1,300 visual fixations and the paths of participants’ eye movements while observing the videos. The gaze behavior of the artist teacher and one of the graduate students, when they observed flute playing, was much like that of the experts in other domains of human experience. These two participants’ fixations were longer than those of the other three participants, and the sequence of fixation targets reflected a hierarchical prioritization of the fundamentals of flute playing. These same features were not apparent when these same two participants observed the other videos, and they were not observed in the gaze behavior of the other three participants in any of the videos observed. The results of this study demonstrate that allocation of attention, as indicated by gaze behavior, is reflective of expertise in music teaching as it is in other domains.
Radiation safety awareness and practices amongst orthopaedic surgeons in Scotland
Authors: Snowden Gordon , Jabbal Monu , Akhtar Adeel
Published: May 2022

As orthopaedic surgeons we use x-rays every day; not only when diagnosing pathology but often to assist in operative management of said pathology or ensure satisfactory outcomes for our patients in clinic. An awareness of the correct use of ionising radiation in the form of fluoroscopic imaging is therefore of great importance to reduce intraoperative exposure and has led to the development of the As Little As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle. The primary aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and practises of radiation safety amongst orthopaedic surgeons in Scotland. Secondary aim is to assess the prevalence of back pain and relation to lead gowns. A google forms survey containing 20 questions about both an individual's radiation practises, and knowledge and departmental practises were distributed to all 4 deaneries in Scotland. In total 72 responses were received from 20 hospitals across all 4 Scottish deaneries. This included 28 Consultants, 23 Senior trainees and 21 Junior trainees. We found that the level of radiation training and knowledge varied considerably across seniority and the nation. Of those surveyed 100% reported always wear lead aprons/gowns however only 46.2% (n = 34) frequently or always wear thyroid protection when using X-rays. Only 55% (n = 40) of those surveyed had completed a radiation safety course with this being far less likely amongst junior trainees (29%, n = 6) than amongst Consultants (82%, n = 23) and senior trainees (48%, n = 11) (p < 0.0001). To our knowledge this is the most extensive survey into the radiation practises of Orthopaedic Surgeons in the literature and shows the need for increased education and awareness of radiation safety practises, particularly amongst junior trainees.
Identity, Space and Disaster: A Case Study of Pettimudi Landslide in Kerala
Authors: Irshad S. Mohammed , Solaman S. S. Christin
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to discuss the importance of ‘geographical, economic and vulnerable space’ in disaster risk management. This article considers the life world of vulnerable labourers in a private plantation land as space. This space determines vulnerable labourers in a private plantation land, determining government interventions. This article is dependent on secondary data, informed discussion with local community members and media reports on community response to the post-landslide. Interviews with community members and secondary data have been analysed concerning the total perspicuity of spatial vulnerability. The focus of the space discussed in this article is the community’s life world. Disaster displaces, kills and destroys economic resources, and it is common across the world. There are variations in the number of deaths and amount of economic loss depending on the structure and space in which a natural disaster happens. This article discusses a landslide in the private plantation land and attempts to demonstrate how the authority and the government intervened and how the spacial risk limits such government interventions? The landslide killed poor workers living in poor-quality labour settlements; however, the government and the plantation company tried various reasons to divert the attention from the spatial vulnerability prevalent in the area and cited heavy rains as the only reason. The article attempts to discuss this critical issue in the historical context of the plantation that evolved through the colonial period and labour control in the given space. The article offers a theoretical debate on space and provides critical insight into ‘space and identity’ in disaster risk and rehabilitation management.
Lies, Denials, and Cover-Ups: The Pervasiveness of Whiteness in School Districts Relations with Black and Racialized Parents
Authors: Shah Vidya , Grimaldos Diana
Published: May 2022

This study explores whiteness as property in parent engagement as experienced by Black and racialized parents in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area in Ontario, Canada. Drawing on counter-storytelling methodology, we explore the active harm endured by parents who have challenged racist educators, policies, and practices. We also explore how educators uphold whiteness as property (and intersections with “smartness” and “goodness”) through a spectrum of coercive power tactics, such as lies, denials, and cover-ups to protect their power and control at the expense of Black and racialized parents and students.
A robust intelligent controller-based motion control of a wheeled mobile robot
Authors: Rouhi Ardeshiri Reza , Gheisarnejad Meysam , Tavan Mohammad Reza , Vafamand Navid , Khooban Mohammad-Hassan
Published: May 2022

In this paper, an adaptive intelligent controller is developed for the velocity-tracking problem of a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot (WMR) in the presence of external disturbances and measurement noises. The whole control system is consisting of two subsystems, where each subsystem has its own control responsibility. In this way, first, a kinematic controller is implemented according to the kinematic model of the robot, and then a dynamic controller is designed based on the characteristic of the robot dynamics. Our focus is designing and developing an adaptive fractional-order fuzzy logic proportional–integral–derivative (FOFPID) controller for the trajectory-tracking task in a two-WMR. Unlike the prevalent works which only designed the scaling factors of FOFPID, a simultaneous optimization of fuzzy membership functions and controller coefficients are realized to improve the efficiency of the WMR dynamic controller. Accordingly, the controller parameters are optimally adjusted by employing a combination of the sin cos algorithm and harmony search, called SCA-HS. To validate the applicability of the suggested framework, experimental studies are also conducted on a real-time platform using a two-WMR prototype. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed controller for the exact trajectory-tracking problem in the presence of disturbances and noises.
Research on belt foreign body detection method based on deep learning
Authors: Xiao Dong , Kang Zhuang , Yu Hang , Wan Lushan
Published: May 2022

Recently, accelerating the improvement in the level of iron ore mining has become extremely important for the sustainable development of the steel industry. Various foreign objects such as steel bars, wood, and plastic pipes easily appear on iron ore belt conveyors, which cause damage to equipment and harm the personal safety of mining workers. Accordingly, a lightweight detection model based on you only look once (YOLO)v3 is proposed in this study. This study first uses the median filter method to preprocess the belt foreign body image to remove the influence of dust and improve the clarity of ore edges. Second, we train the YOLOv3 belt foreign matter detection algorithm based on the selected data set to detect belt foreign matter and evaluate the model based on mean average precision (mAP) and other indicators. Finally, after implementing the sparse training based on the batch normalization (BN) layers, the channel-pruning and layer-pruning strategies are implemented to simplify the YOLOv3 model, followed by parameter fine-tuning. When the accuracy of the model is not affected, our model realizes smaller calculations, faster processing, and a smaller size compared to the original YOLOv3 model. Hence, the model effectively achieves real-time recognition of foreign matter on the ore conveyor belt.
Efficacy of Larynx Preservation Surgery and Multimodal Adjuvant Therapy for Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Case Series Study
Authors: Li Wan-Xin , Dong Yan-Bo , Lu Cheng , Bradley Patrick J. , Liu Liang-Fa
Published: May 2022

Background: Larynx preservation surgery (LPS) combined with multimodal adjuvant therapy (MAT) is re-emerging as treatment option for hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). This study aims to explore the survival and functional outcome of this combined approach. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Selected patients with primary HPC treated by LPS and MAT at two large Beijing medical centers between 2005 and 2019 were included. In addition to LPS, patients received one or more of the following treatments: preoperative induction chemotherapy, postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. Results: In total, 64 patients were included (62 were men, and median age was 57.5 years). The disease in most patients was in stage III (28.1%) or IV (56.3%), or in stage T2 (34.4%) or T3 (45.3%), based on the TNM scale. Across all patients, the rate of overall survival (OS) was 60.7% at 3 yr and 47.3% at 5 yr. OS was significantly higher for patients with stage I or II disease than for those with stage III or IV disease (HR 8.64, 95% CI 3.69–20.2, log-rank P = .010). Decannulation was successful in 55 patients (85.9%), and swallowing function was satisfactory (stage 0–III, on Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale) for 50 (78.1%). Median Voice Handicap Index-10 score on voice performance was 19 (range 4–40), and median Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Questionnaire score for QoL was 75 (range 16–105). Conclusions: LPS and MAT can provide satisfactory oncologic control and good functional outcomes for selected patients with HPC, especially those with stage I or II disease.
Zones of Nonbeing: Abjection, White Accumulation, and Neoliberal School Reform
Authors: Lawrence Henry Kevin
Published: May 2022

Background/Context:

Jean Anyon’s work provides a powerful intervention in the study of education with her attention to political economy and the social contexts of education. Mainstream neoliberal charter reform arguments often counter Anyon’s work by suggesting a “no excuse” ideology, which often ignores structural realities facing youth. Over the decades, charter schools have garnered bipartisan interest and expanded significantly. Following Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans was one such site where the expansion and experimentation with charter schools has taken place. Utilizing the restructuring of New Orleans after Katrina as a site for examination, this article builds from a larger yearlong qualitative critical race case study on the reproduction of White dominance via the charter school authorization and application process.

Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study:

Utilizing the educational restructuring of New Orleans post-Katrina, this article aims to illustrate the interconnectedness of political economy and race. Extending Anyon’s analysis of political economy, the article focuses on the neoliberal restructuring of New Orleans education after Hurricane Katrina to illustrate how the notions of abjection and zones of nonbeing form a guiding constellation for the accumulation and solidification of White power and capital.

Research Design/Data Collection and Analysis:

This article builds off a larger yearlong qualitative critical race case study on the reproduction of White racial educational dominance in post-Katrina New Orleans. Interviews and student artifacts are the central data.

Conclusion/Recommendations:

The author recommends the grounding of youth voice in educational policy analysis, conceptualization, and implementation; the consideration of how race impacts education; and continued research on the inter-imbrication of race and political economy.
Facing AI: conceptualizing ‘fAIce communication’ as the modus operandi of facial recognition systems
Authors: Bucher Taina
Published: May 2022

This article argues for the conceptualization of fAIce communication as the modus operandi of facial recognition. From apps that claim to determine a person’s trustworthiness, recruiting technology that analyses candidates’ job fitness, through to banks using iris scanning to replace debit cards, facial recognition is increasingly used to communicate information about a person’s identity and personality. Faces communicate and have increased value. Knowing more about how their communicative capacity is effectuated and materialized in contemporary machine culture is thus of heightened importance. The article asks how we might come to think of the communicative capacities of faces in applications of AI, and how their role in current biometric systems may contribute to reconfiguring our understanding of what communication is. In an age of algorithmic and automated systems that are not primarily driven by overt messages purposefully crafted by humans but by machines reassembling data traces into forms of meaningfulness, faces are no longer (if they ever were) meaningful only for humans. This article ultimately makes the case for conceptualizing the communicative potential of faces in machine culture in terms of what I term algorithmic face-work, or more colloquially, fAIce communication.
Are you happy for me?: Responses to sharing good news in North America and East Asia
Authors: Reis Harry T , Li Sisi , Ruan Yan , de Jong David C , Tsai Fen-Fang
Published: May 2022

Previous research has shown that enthusiastic responses to personal good news are associated with positive relationship qualities, whereas more muted or ambivalent responses tend to have negative effects on relationships. This process, called capitalization, has been studied almost exclusively in Western cultures. The present research examined capitalization in three East Asian cultural groups (Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan), as well as in the United States. Whereas enthusiastic responses were associated with positive relationship outcomes in all groups, muted and critical responses showed significant moderation by culture. In three North American samples, these responses were negatively associated with relationship qualities. However, muted and critical responses revealed strong and positive correlations with relationship outcomes in Mainland China, non-significant associations in Hong Kong, and significant negative (but still weaker than in North America) associations in Taiwan. These findings point to the importance of examining relationship processes in the context of culture.
The effect of whole body vibration on sensorimotor deficits in people with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Jingwang , Wu Xueping , Clark Cain C. T. , Barton Victoria , Chen Sitong , Liu Shijie , Zhou Xuan , Xu Chunxin , Ma Tao , Qi Bote , Han Jia , Zou Yu
Published: May 2022

Objective

To investigate the effects of whole body vibration on chronic ankle instability-associated sensorimotor deficits in balance, strength, joint position sense and muscle activity.

Data sources

Electronic databases including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang were searched from database inception up to 31 March 2022.

Methods

The risk of bias and methodological quality of included studies were assessed using the Cochrane tool and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale respectively. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the RevMan 5.3 software. Meta-regression was conducted with Stata 16.

Results

Eight studies, with 315 subjects were eventually included in this review with an average PEDro score of 6.1/10. Significant effects of whole body vibration on balance (SMD = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.12 to 1.09, P = 0.01), and on the posterolateral direction (MD = 5.52, 95% CI: 1.02 to 10.01, P = 0.02) and medial direction (MD = 3.90, 95% CI: 0.87 to 6.94, P = 0.01) of the star excursion balance test were found. Whole body vibration significantly improved the peak torque (SMD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.69, P = 0.03), joint position sense (SMD = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.10 to 1.11, P = 0.02), and muscle activity in tibialis anterior (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.88, P = 0.03) and gastrocnemius (SMD = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.23, P = 0.01).

Conclusions

The current evidence supports the use of whole body vibration to improve sensorimotor deficits involving balance, strength, joint position sense, and muscle activity in people with chronic ankle instability.
Class monopoly rent and the urban sustainability fix in Seattle's South Lake Union District
Authors: Anderson Matthew B. , Hansen Elijah C. , Y. Scully Jason
Published: May 2022

The paper contributes to the recent renaissance in Marxian land rent theory by examining the dynamics of rent in the context of contemporary urban sustainability policies and practices. It specifically examines the ways in which landowners, developers, and the local state work together to pursue class monopoly rent through a variety of policies and practices normally treated as separate, such as tax-increment financing, discursive-branding, urban growth boundaries, business improvement districts, and transfer of development rights. We implicate each of these practices as fundamentally linked insofar as they function as strategies for myriad invested actors in collaboratively pursuing class monopoly rent. In the process, we present a heuristic tool to conceptualize how these policies converge to the benefit of myriad rent seekers in the context of Seattle's rapidly redeveloping South Lake Union District. The study peels back the discursive and ostensibly progressive façade of urban sustainability to reveal a collaborative network of landowners, developers, and state actors whose goal is to increase rents. The multi-scalar dynamic of class monopoly rent is revealed as a constitutive feature of an urban sustainability fix embedded within wider processes of uneven neoliberal urbanization.
Performance of Aging Timber Bridges based on Field Tests and Deterioration Models
Authors: Srikanth Ishwarya , Arockiasamy Madasamy , Nagarajan Sudhagar
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the performance of timber trestle railroad bridges through field tests on aging open- and ballast-deck bridges. It also developed nonparametric deterioration models based on average time in condition rating (ATICR) and Kaplan–Meier (K-M) estimates to assess the performance of timber highway bridge components using National Bridge Inventory data. This study proposes ATICR-based deterioration models for predicting the condition of timber bridge components. Average service life of highway timber multibeam bridge components under routine maintenance without any reconstruction or rehabilitation was found to be 23 years for the decks, 26 years for the superstructures, and 27 years for the substructures. K-M estimate-based reliability models were developed for probabilistic prediction of bridge safety while accounting for partial information from incomplete bridge condition observations. Based on these models, the median survival year—the number of years for which 50% of the bridge population remains in its current condition without deterioration—was obtained as 10 years for the decks, 14 years for the superstructures, and 12 years for the substructures of timber multibeam bridges. The models also suggested there was an 80% chance the timber bridge components would remain in their current condition without deterioration to a lower condition for a minimum of 3 years. The analysis carried out in this study could help improve the management and maintenance of timber bridges that are currently in operation worldwide.
Interventions to Reduce Opioid Use in Youth At-Risk and in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nairn Stephanie A. , Audet Marion , Stewart Sherry H. , Hawke Lisa D. , Isaacs Jason Y. , Henderson Joanna , Saah Rebecca , Knight Rod , Fast Danya , Khan Faria , Lam Alice , Conrod Patricia
Published: May 2022

Background

Youth and young adults have been significantly impacted by the opioid overdose and health crisis in North America. There is evidence of increasing morbidity and mortality due to opioids among those aged 15–29. Our review of key international reports indicates there are few youth-focused interventions and treatments for opioid use. Our scoping review sought to identify, characterize, and qualitatively evaluate the youth-specific clinical and pre-clinical interventions for opioid use among youth.

Method

We searched MedLine and PsycInfo for articles that were published between 2013 and 2021. Previous reports published in 2015 and 2016 did not identify opioid-specific interventions for youth and we thus focused on the time period following the periods covered by these prior reports. We input three groups of relevant keywords in the aforementioned search engines. Specifically, articles were included if they targeted a youth population (ages 15–25), studied an intervention, and measured impacts on opioid use.

Results

We identified 21 studies that examined the impacts of heterogeneous interventions on youth opioid consumption. The studies were classified inductively as psycho-social-educational, pharmacological, or combined pharmacological-psycho-social-educational. Most studies focused on treatment of opioid use disorder among youth, with few studies focused on early or experimental stages of opioid use. A larger proportion of studies focused heavily on male participants (i.e., male gender and/or sex). Very few studies involved and/or included youth in treatment/program development, with one study premised on previous research about sexual minority youth.

Conclusions

Research on treatments and interventions for youth using or at-risk of opioids appears to be sparse. More youth involvement in research and program development is vital. The intersectional and multi-factorial nature of youth opioid use and the youth opioid crisis necessitates the development and evaluation of novel treatments that address youth-specific contexts and needs (i.e., those that address socio-economic, neurobiological, psychological, and environmental factors that promote opioid use among youth).
Competing Risk Analysis of Time to Communal Residence for Elder Orphans
Authors: Roofeh Regina , Clouston Sean A. P. , Smith Dylan M.
Published: May 2022

Elder Orphans, socially/physically isolated older adults without caregiving support, are of interest in an aging population. Lack of caregivers for Elder Orphans may influence relocation to residential care facilities, including skilled nursing or assisted living facilities, compared to aging in place. Using the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), Competing Risk Survival Analyses were performed to determine if Elder Orphans or those At Risk for becoming elder orphans had increased risk for residential care relocation over nine NHATS waves (2011–2019). Elder Orphans had significantly higher risk for moving to residential care facilities in unadjusted (SHR = 1.780; p = 0.001) and adjusted (SHR = 1.571; p = 0.043) models. Those At Risk for becoming an elder orphan had significantly decreased risk for residential care residence in unadjusted (SHR = 0.517; p < 0.001) and adjusted (SHR = 0.726; p = 0.037) models. As aging in place becomes prioritized in the US healthcare system, understanding caregiving needs of older adults is vital to their health outcomes.
Functional Limitations and Access to Long-Term Services and Supports Among Sexual Minority Older Adults
Authors: Travers Jasmine L. , Shippee Tetyana P. , Flatt Jason D. , Caceres Billy A.
Published: May 2022

Objective: Little is known about sexual minority (SM) older adults’ activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitations and their subsequent access to long-term services and supports (LTSS). Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study limited to individuals ≥50 years old. Bivariate analyses were performed to examine 1) sexual identity differences in the prevalence of ADL/IADL limitations and 2) associations of sexual identity with having ADL/IADL limitations and having access to help with ADL/IADL limitations. Results: Our sample consisted of 3833 older adults, 6% ( n = 213) were SM. Compared to heterosexual participants, bisexual older adults had greater reports of ADL/IADL limitations (20.9% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.013). Among those who reported having ADL/IADL limitations ( n = 803), there were no sexual identity differences in accessing help for ADL/IADL limitations ( p = .901). Discussion: Our findings contribute to the limited research on LTSS access among SM older adults.
Andragogy in Prison: Higher Education in Prison and the Tenets of Adult Education
Authors: Conway Patrick Filipe
Published: May 2022

This article synthesizes literatures relating to the fields of andragogy and prison education. It is a key moment to reflect on teaching practices inside carceral settings. As Pell Grant availability for incarcerated students is set to expand dramatically, many college and university faculty are soon likely to be entering prisons as instructors for the first time. This article contends that the tenets of andragogy provide a useful framework for structuring prison education course syllabi, activities, assignments, and evaluation methods. With the aim of valuing students’ life experiences and assisting in the process of self-direction, andragogy can help combat some of the most harmful dynamics inside prisons, encouraging students to maintain an important degree of agency over their own learning.
Comparative evaluation of three methylene dianiline isomers in the bacterial reverse mutation assay, the in vitro gene mutation test, and the in vitro chromosomal aberration test
Authors: Unterberger-Henig Elif
Published: May 2022

4,4′-MDA is classified as a genotoxic carcinogen based on numerous in vitro and animal data. The consequential assumption that a safe threshold does not exist is not only applied to 4,4′-MDA but also to its structural isomers and impurities 2,2′- and 2,4′-MDA in the absence of substance-specific data. This constitutes a problem in human risk assessments for all three substances as the inherent risks of 2,2′- and 2,4′-MDA and their contribution as impurities to that of 4,4′-MDA are essentially unknown. A comparative in vitro genotoxicity dataset consisting of the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test and the chromosomal aberration test in human lymphocytes (both performed according to the current OECD Guidelines) was generated for all three isomers. Furthermore, an in vitro gene mutation test in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (HPRT locus assay) was conducted with 2,4′-MDA. The results indicate differences regarding the genotoxic mechanism and potential, respectively, between the three structures and suggest that the no-threshold assumption for 4,4′-MDA may not be appropriate for 2,2′- and 2,4′-MDA.
“I Pulled Them Apart and Told Them to Stop”: A Mixed-Methods Examination of Bystander Behavior, Preparedness, and Emotional Reaction
Authors: Casper Deborah M. , Witte Tricia , Gibson Emily , McCulley Emily
Published: May 2022

The goals of this mixed-methods study were to examine self-reported behavior of bystanders who intervened in specific situations of potential sexual violence and physical dating violence, to explore their sense of preparedness to intervene, and to assess bystanders’ emotional reactions to their self-reported action or inaction when witnessing potential sexual and dating violence. The participants ( n = 553, 65.2% female, 76% freshmen, M age = 18.7 years), responded to a sequence of questions pertaining to witnessing and intervening in specific potentially dangerous situations, emotional reactions to their action or inaction, and preparedness. Bystander participants also provided narrative responses describing their behavior. We used joint display analyses to integrate, analyze, and interpret the qualitative and quantitative data. Of the 553 participants, 38% witnessed “a man talking to a woman and she looked uncomfortable,” 27% witnessed “someone taking an intoxicated person up to their room,” and 39% witnessed “someone grabbing or pushing their boyfriend or girlfriend”; of those who witnessed, the percentage of those who intervened was 42%, 25%, and 19%, respectively. Bystander behavior involved one of 5Ds: distract, direct, delegate, distance, diffuse, or a combination. Although most bystanders did not get involved, most (94.6%) reported that they felt prepared to intervene. For those who intervened, most reported feeling positive about their action; however, most who did not intervene reported feeling negative about their inaction. Implications for college bystanders and bystander education programs are discussed.
Textiles Literacy: Implementing Inquiry-Based Learning in a Basic Textiles Class
Authors: Shephard Arlesa J.
Published: May 2022

Learning about textiles provides students with an essential foundation of knowledge for a career in fashion. More research is needed to help students with comprehension and application of knowledge, or textiles literacy. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of inquiry-based learning, a versatile student-driven pedagogy, in a basic textiles course. The inquiry-based project titled “Textiles Literacy” was developed to promote understanding and application of knowledge over memorization. Through group-led inquiry, students learned about textiles by applying creativity, critical thinking, literacy, communication, and teamwork skills. At the conclusion of the project, students responded to five open-ended questions about their project experience. Analysis resulted in five primary themes: impact on understanding textiles, role of textiles in fashion, attitude, skills and knowledge, and likelihood to seek further knowledge. Overall, the inquiry-based learning “Textiles Literacy” project had a positive impact on student appreciation, and attitude toward learning about textiles.
Relying on the Kindness of Strangers: Welfare-Providers to Seafarers and the Symbolic Construction of Community
Authors: Turgo Nelson Nava , Cadge Wendy , Gilliat-Ray Sophie , Sampson Helen , Smith Graeme
Published: May 2022

Seafarers who call into ports usually hope for, or anticipate, a visit from people who provide them with welfare services—from SIM cards and mobile top-up vouchers to religious or nonreligious reading materials, and free transport to the nearest seafarers’ center or shopping mall. In seafarers’ centers, seafarers can normally use free internet facilities, enjoy drinks from the bar, avail themselves of remittance services, and if they wish, practice their faith in rooms/chapels dedicated to religious observance. While port chaplains are usually the people that seafarers associate with welfare services, port chaplains are not alone in providing these services—there are also paid staff and volunteers working in seafarers’ centers. This worldwide community of welfare providers displays the patina of a homogeneous bloc, sharing the same functions, activities, and end-goals in their everyday pursuits in ports and seafarers’ centers. However, this belies a more complex and sometimes fractured community of welfare providers in ports. While their services could be described with one coherent narrative of kindness to strangers, members of this community come from different backgrounds and are employed by different welfare organizations, and in the case of port chaplains, by different religious maritime charities with varying theologies. As a result of this, and the challenges to and changing contexts of maritime welfare services, in ports worldwide, this community is riven with contestation and everyday politics, which may be associated with a symbolically constructed community. This article expands on these issues. It is underpinned by research into welfare provision in two UK ports and in five other countries. It highlights narratives of unity and conflict, opening the doors to a community of people rarely noticed by social scientists.
Affordable Private School (APS): A case
Authors: Chattopadhyay Chandrani
Published: May 2022

Most private schools in India fall under the category of Affordable Private School (APS). The paper tries to state, that with growing privatization of education, APS is likely to grow further. But the APS sector has certain problems. The problems are mostly associated with staff-management relationship. The paper opines that if these problems are not addressed properly then the sector may face sustainability problems and may not even grow in spite of huge scope. At the end, the paper tries to suggest some remedies that can help the sector to overcome its problems.
Synthesis, characterization, magnetoelectric properties and gas sensing application of Poly(anthranilic acid-co-indole)/ magnetite nanocomposites
Authors: Jayakrishnan P , Jithin KK , Meera K , Ramesan Manammel T
Published: May 2022

The increased demand for the discovery of new conducting materials encourages the researchers for the development of advanced electronic technologies. In the present study, nanocomposites of poly (anthranilic acid- co-indole)/(PANA- C o-PIN) and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were prepared via a one-step polymerization method and evaluated by various analytical techniques. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra proved the presence of Fe3O4 nanofillers in the copolymer at 507 cm−1. Optical characterization (UV-Vis) shows a clear blueshift indicating strong interactions between Fe3O4 and PANA- C o-PIN. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed an increase in crystallinity due to the well dispersed nanoparticles. FESEM images evidenced the morphological changes caused by the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the copolymer matrix. The nano-dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles in the copolymer was confirmed by High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. Magnetic properties of nanocomposites obtained from a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed an increase in the saturation of magnetism with the addition of nanoparticles and the composite exhibited superparamagnetic behaviour. The thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the nanocomposites were greatly enhanced with the addition of nanoparticles and were determined with the help of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) respectively. Filler-dependent electrical properties showed a linearly increased DC conductivity with the addition of nanoparticles. The impedance analysis showed that the AC conductivity and dielectric properties of the nanocomposites were higher than the copolymer and the maximum electrical properties were observed for 15 wt.% of composites. The ammonia gas sensing performance of copolymer composite indicates the easy access of gas molecules to the sensor surface through the metal oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized copolymer nanocomposites showed high sensitivity and fast response to ammonia gas. The prepared composite with good thermal properties, dielectric constant, ammonia gas sensing and magnetoelectric properties is a promising candidate for use in nanoelectronics devices.