bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korelasi Antara Lompat Vertikal Dengan Performa Sprint 60 Meter Pada Atlet Taekwondo dan Karate
Authors: Apriantono Tommy , Syahruddin Syahruddin , Winata Bagus , Karim Doddy Abdul
Published: February 2021

Taekwondo dan Pencak silat merupaka dua contoh cabang olahraga seni bela diri yang saat ini sedang berkembang saat ini. Maka dari itu, tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur serta mengetahui korelasi antara performa lompat vertikal dengan sprint 60 meter pada atlet Taekwondo dan Pencak silat. Seluruh peserta, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan kecabangan mereka, yaitu kelompok Taekwondo (TKW), dan kelompok Pencak silat (PKS). Seluruh peserta diwajibkan untuk melakukan pemanasan secara statis dan dinamis selama minimal 15 menit. Setelah sesi pemanasan selesai, kelompok TKW memulai pertama untuk sesi pengukuran anthropometry, lompat vertikal, dan sprint. Kelompok PKS lebih unggul dalam melakukan performa loncatan, yaitu 57,33 (± 7,73) cm dibandingkan dengan kelompok TKW sebesar 55,78 (± 4,30) cm. Sedangkan untuk hasil sprint 60 meter, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sprint 60 meter antara kelompok TKW dan PKS (p = 0,007), dimana kelompok PKS (7,94 ± 0,15) detik lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan kelompok TKW (8,48 ± 0,49) detik. Hasil dalam penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara performa lompat vertikal dengan performa sprint 60 meter, pada atlet Takewondo dan Pencak silat.Taekwondo and Pencak silat are two examples of martial arts sports that are currently being developed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure and determine the correlation between vertical jump performance and 60 meter sprints in Taekwondo and Pencak silat athletes. All participants were divided into two groups based on their branches, namely the Taekwondo group (TKW) and the Pencak silat group (PKS). All participants are required to warm up statically and dynamically for at least 15 minutes. After the warm-up session was over, the TKW group started the first session for anthropometry measurement, vertical jump, and sprint. The PKS group was superior in jumping performance, 57.33 (± 7.73) cm compared to the TKW group of 55.78 (± 4.30) cm. As for the results of the 60 meter sprint, it shows that there were a significant difference between the 60 meter sprint between the TKW and PKS groups (p = 0.007), where the PKS group (7.94 ± 0.15) seconds is faster than the TKW group (8, 48 ± 0.49) seconds. The results in this study indicate that there were a correlation between vertical jump performance and 60 meter sprint performance, for Takewondo and Pencak silat athletes.
The ‘Archpro Carnuntum’ Project – Integrated Archaeological Interpretation of Combined Prospection Data, Carnuntum (Austria)
Authors: Wallner Mario , Löcker Klaus , Gugl Christian , Trausmuth Tanja , Vonkilch Alexandra , Einwögerer Christina , Jansa Viktor , Wilding Julia , Pollhammer Eduard , Neubauer Wolfgang
Published: February 2021

The potential of large-scale, non-invasive prospection methods has been widely recognized in archaeology in recent years. Their outstanding possibilities for the exploration of urban centres have been realised early on and applied at selected sites. The ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ project stands out for its extensive investigation of a Roman provincial capital by the combined application of a wide variety of survey methods (aerial archaeology, magnetometry, ground penetrating radar, extensive field survey) resulting in detailed information on the ancient infrastructure of the Roman metropolis. Within the project, it was not only possible to discover new settlement areas, but in some cases even to deduce their former purpose. As a result, the military administrative centre, newly built residential areas, and temporary military camps could be detected in the archaeological landscape of Carnuntum. This paper presents an overview of the results of this internationally unique prospection project.

Az elmúlt évek során széles körben felismerték a régészet tudományterületén alkalmazható nagyszabású, nem invazív jellegű kutatási módszerekben rejlő potenciált. A módszer települési központok feltárásának területén alkalmazható lehetőségei már korán valósággá váltak, és alkalmazásra kerültek a kiválasztott helyszíneken. Az „ArchPro Carnuntum” projekt a római provinciális főváros átfogó vizsgálatával a legkülönfélébb felmérési módszerek (légi régészet, magnetometria, földradar, kiterjedt terepi felmérés) együttes alkalmazásával kiemelkedik ezek közül, és részletes információval szolgál a római város antik infrastruktúrájával kapcsolatban. A projekt során nem kizárólag új települési területek felfedezésére nyílt mód, hanem egyes esetekben következtetni lehetett a területek egykori funkciójára is. Mindezek eredményeként a carnuntumi régészeti területen kimutathatóvá vált a katonai igazgatási központ, valamint az új építésű lakónegyedek és az ideiglenes katonai táborhelyek is. Jelen tanulmány ezen nemzetközi szinten is egyedülálló kutatási projekt eredményeiről nyújt áttekintést.
White matter microstructural and Compulsive Sexual Behaviors Disorder – Diffusion Tensor Imaging study
Authors: Draps Małgorzata , Kowalczyk-Grębska Natalia , Marchewka Artur , Shi Feng , Gola Mateusz
Published: February 2021

Background and aims

Even though the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) was added to the ICD-11 under the impulse control category in 2019, its neural mechanisms are still debated. Researchers have noted its similarity both to addiction and to Obssesive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The aim of our study was to address this question by investigating the pattern of anatomical brain abnormalities among CSBD patients.

Methods

Reviewing 39 publications on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) we have identified main abnormalities specific for addictions and OCD. Than we have collected DTI data from 36 heterosexual males diagnosed with CSBD and 31 matched healthy controls. These results were then compared to the addiction and OCD patterns.

Results

Compared to controls, CSBD individuals showed significant fractional anisotropy (FA) reduction in the superior corona radiata tract, the internal capsule tract, cerebellar tracts and occipital gyrus white matter. Interestingly, all these regions were also identified in previous studies as shared DTI correlates in both OCD and addiction.

Discussion and conclusions

Results of our study suggest that CSBD shares similar pattern of abnormalities with both OCD and addiction. As one of the first DTI study comparing structural brain differences between CSBD, addictions and OCD, although it reveals new aspects of CSBD, it is insufficient to determine whether CSBD resembles more an addiction or OCD. Further research, especially comparing directly individuals with all three disorders may provide more conclusive results.
Kyai Policy Implementation in Improving Teacher Performance in Darul Muttaqien Bogor Pondok
Authors: Kurniasih Nunung , Sauri R. Supyan , Barlian Ujang Cepi
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of kyai policies in improving teacher performance in Islamic boarding schools. The method used is a descriptive method as a problem-solving procedure which is investigated by describing or describing the condition of the subject or object of research (a person, institution, society, etc.) at the present time based on visible facts, or as it should be. The results of the study illustrate that the kyai's policy in improving teacher performance at the Darul Muttaqien Parung Islamic Boarding School, Bogor is based on Panca Jiwa, which means Panca means five, soul means spirit, Pondok means boarding school institution, which substantively contains positive values that do not conflict with the teachings. Islamic teachings. The five spirits of the pesantren, namely; Sincerity, Simplicity, Independence, Ukhuwwah Islamiyyah and Freedom.
Research of the asymmetric rolling of workpieces
Authors: Ashkeyev Zh. A , Andreyachshenko V. A , Bukanov Zh. U
Published: February 2021

The asymmetric rolling process has proven itself well as a way to reduce the pressure on the rolls, reduce the rolling force, and improve the mechanical characteristics of the rolled metal. As the factors providing the asymmetry of the process, the mismatch of the circumferential speeds of the work rolls, the different diameters of the rolls, the coefficients of friction, and others are usually used. Methods that provide a change in the nature of the metal flow due to the action of working elements with a special configuration of the working surface are especially promising. This article presents the results of the study of the stress state, speed and power parameters when rolling a strip in biconical rolls with concave and convex surfaces. Analysis of the results obtained by analytical methods show that the intensity of shear deformation rates along the strip width is 0.36-0.65 s-1, which is impossible to implement when rolling in smooth cylindrical rolls, since there is an intense elongation of grains in the direction of rolling. The occurrence of the intensity of shear deformations creates favorable conditions in the deformation zone to prevent stretching of the structure and to reduce dangerous tensile stresses. The results of the study showed the prevalence of compressive stresses in the deformation zone, which prevent the intensive elongation of grains in the longitudinal direction, reduce tensile stresses and contribute to the leveling of mechanical properties, closing and welding of internal defects. Theoretical dependencies are proposed to calculate the force parameters for asymmetric rolling in biconical rolls. The obtained models of the stress state, velocity hodograph, force characteristics predict the efficiency of using the biconical rolls in cold and hot rolling mills.
Investigation of damage accumulation and delamination propagation in polymer composite materials based on two-level fracture models
Authors: Dolgikh D. A , Tashkinov M. A
Published: February 2021

The work is devoted to the study of deformation and fracture processes occurring in layered composites under combined loading modes. The aim of the work is numerical analysis of different modes of fracture, which are simultaneously realized in the samples of laminated composite material. Models of laminated composite material with imitation of technological defects in the form of material debonding are constructed. The delamination process is implemented using the virtual crack closure technique. The processes of damage accumulation and fracture of laminated composites are set on the basis of the models for reduction of stiffness properties using the Hashin criterion and Matzemiller model. The models are based on the laws corresponding to brittle and plastic fracture. Several models of fracture and degradation of elastic properties have been compared. A multiscale approach was used to solve the difficulties related to the precise description of the composite's internal structure. The essence of the approach is that the analysis of a laminated composite can be performed on three different scales: macro level, meso level and micro level. At the macro level, an equivalent material is used for which the effective properties are determined by homogenization methods, in particular by the mean field method. The multiscale finite element modeling is implemented, in the course of which macroscopic parameters of material sample at each step depend on characteristics and properties of components at the micro-level. The behavior of two samples of laminated polymer composite material was studied with different configuration of embedded defects under the load of two types: uniaxial compression and torsion, and only uniaxial compression. The influence of internal defects on the processes of damage accumulation and material delamination has been established.
On a modeling stress-controlled surface growth of solids
Authors: Izmaylova Y. O , Freidin A. B
Published: February 2021

Various processes are associated with the surface growth of solids, such as biological growth, formation of surfaces, processes accompanying additive technologies. Experiments show that the growth process of living and non-living matter can be controlled by external influences, including mechanical ones. This paper presents a surface growth model based on the expression for the configurational force obtained from the fundamental balances of mass, momentum and energy, and the second law of thermodynamics in the form of the Clausius-Duhem inequality. It is shown that the configurational force is the normal component of the tensor, called the surface growth tensor, which controls the processes of growth and adaptation to external mechanical loads. A kinetic equation in the form of the dependence of the growth rate on the growth tensor is formulated. A solid body is considered, in which a volumetric supply and subsequent diffusion of matter to the growth boundary occur. On the surface of the body, the transformation of one substance into another occurs, resulting in surface growth or resorption of the body. The surface growth process depends on the stress-strain state of the body and the concentration of the diffusing matter. In the process of growth, stresses and deformations change, affecting the configurational force and the rate of the matter supply, which also affects the configurational force. In addition, the model takes into account the growth strains that can occur in new layers of the material and affect the growth velocity. Thus, there is a coupled problem including the description of the supply, diffusion and growth processes and determination of the stress-strain state. The model was used for the problems of surface growth of various bodies under various loading conditions.
Experimental determination and finite element analysis of coefficients of the multi-parameter Williams series expansion in the vicinity of the crack tip in linear elastic materials. Part I
Authors: Stepanova L. V
Published: February 2021

This study aims at obtaining coefficients of the multi-parameter Williams series expansion for the stress field in the vicinity of the central crack in the rectangular plate and in the semi-circular notched disk under bending by the use of the digital photoelasticity method. The higher-order terms in the Williams asymptotic expansion are retained. It allows us to give a more accurate estimation of the near-crack-tip stress, strain and displacement fields and extend the domain of validity for the Williams power series expansion. The program is specially developed for the interpretation and processing of experimental data from the phototelasticity experiments. By means of the developed tool, the fringe patterns that contain the whole field stress information in terms of the difference in principal stresses (isochromatics) are captured as a digital image, which is processed for quantitative evaluations. The developed tool allows us to find points that belong to isochromatic fringes with the minimal light intensity. The digital image processing with the aid of the developed tool is performed. The points determined with the adopted tool are used further for the calculations of the stress intensity factor, T-stresses and coefficients of higher-order terms in the Williams series expansion. The iterative procedure of the over-deterministic method is utilized to find the higher order terms of the Williams series expansion. The procedure is based on the consistent correction of the coefficients of the Williams series expansion. The first fifteen coefficients are obtained. The experimentally obtained coefficients are used for the reconstruction of the isochromatic fringe pattern in the vicinity of the crack tip. The comparison of the theoretically reconstructed and experimental isochromatic fringe patterns shows that the coefficients of the Williams series expansion have a good match.
Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanins from Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) Berries Using a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES)
Authors: MacLean Amanda M.G. , Silva Yasmini P.A. , Jiao Guangling , Brooks Marianne S.
Published: February 2021

Research background. Haskap berries are one of the richest natural sources of anthocyanins and their extracts can be used for nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) comprising food-grade or generally recognized as safe (GRAS) components show promise as natural solvents, but have not been applied to haskap berries. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the extraction of anthocyanins from haskap berries using a DES of citric acid and D-(+)-maltose.

Experimental approach. The experimental approach used ultrasound-assisted extraction with a DES of citric acid and D-(+)-maltose as the solvent to achieve a sustainable green extraction process. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken experimental design was used to study the effect of varying the extraction temperature, time of extraction, V(solvent)/m(sample) ratio (mL/g) and the water volume fraction (%) in the DES on the total anthocyanin content (TAC) in the haskap berry extracts.

Results and conclusions. Under the optimal extraction conditions (75 °C, 10 min, 50.4 mL/g and 90 % water), a predicted TAC extraction on dry mass basis yielded 21.2 mg/g, with experimental error of 7.2 %. The TAC yield and anthocyanin profiles were similar to those obtained with conventional organic solvents.

Novelty and scientific contribution. This is the first study investigating the use of a food-grade DES comprising GRAS components for the extraction of anthocyanins from haskap berries. These results indicate that the studied DES (citric acid and D-(+)-maltose) is a suitable alternative solvent for extracting anthocyanins for food-grade applications.
Pre-emptive low-dose ketamine with local anesthesia reduces postoperative morbidity after third molar surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt., Refahee Shaimaa Mohsen , Al-Moraissi Essam Ahmed ,   Departament of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Dental Center in Qassim, Ministry of Health, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudia Arabia,   Departament. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen., Alkhutari Ahmed Saleh Yehya ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Yemen.
Published: February 2021

Objective: This review addresses a clinical research question related to lower third molar surgery (L3MS): does the combination of pre-emptive low-dose ketamine with local anesthesia (KLA) reduce postoperative complications compared with local anesthesia (LA) alone? Material and methods: A systematic literature search was performed to identify eligible articles by electronic searches of PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBSCO Library, Web of Science and grey literature through June 2019 without data or language restrictions. We analyzed all randomized controlled clinical studies (RCTs) comparing use of KLA with use of LA in L3MS regarding pain, swelling, and trismus outcomes. The quality of evidence was rated according to Cochrane’s tool for assessing risk of bias. Results: Five RCTs encompassing 230 extraction sites (KLA = 115, LA = 115) were included in this study. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to synthesize the results. The data show that there were significant differences between the two groups in post-operative pain (SMD -1.464, 95% CI -1.683 to -0.949, p= 0.001) and swelling (SMD -0.450, 95% CI -0.758 to -0.142, p= 0.004, all low quality evidence). However, there was no significant difference in the trismus (SMD -0.754, CI -1.487 to -0.022, p = 0.043, very low quality evidence). Conclusion: The combination of pre-emptive low-dose ketamine with LA significantly decreased pain and swelling within the first 24 hours after L3MS compared with the control group.
Assessing the Significance of Model Selection in Ecology
Authors: Wheatcroft Edward
Published: February 2021

Model Selection is a key part of many ecological studies, with Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) being by far the most commonly used technique for this purpose. Typically, a number of candidate models are defined a priori and ranked according to their expected out-of-sample performance. Model selection, however, only assesses the relative performance of the models and, as pointed out in a recent paper, a large proportion of ecology papers that use model selection do not assess the absolute fit of the ‘best’ model. In this paper, it is argued that assessing the absolute fit of the ‘best’ model alone does not go far enough. This is because a model that appears to perform well under model selection is also likely to appear to perform well under measures of absolute fit, even when there is no predictive value. A model selection permutation test is proposed that assesses the probability that the model selection statistic of the ‘best’ model could have occurred by chance alone, whilst taking account of dependencies between the models. It is argued that this test should always be performed as a part of formal model selection. The test is demonstrated on two real population modelling examples of ibex in northern Italy and wild reindeer in Norway.
The Effect of Declustering on the Size Distribution of Mainshocks
Authors: Mizrahi Leila , Nandan Shyam , Wiemer Stefan
Published: February 2021

Declustering aims to divide earthquake catalogs into independent events (mainshocks), and dependent (clustered) events, and is an integral component of many seismicity studies, including seismic hazard assessment. We assess the effect of declustering on the frequency–magnitude distribution of mainshocks. In particular, we examine the dependence of the b-value of declustered catalogs on the choice of declustering approach and algorithm-specific parameters. Using the catalog of earthquakes in California since 1980, we show that the b-value decreases by up to 30% due to declustering with respect to the undeclustered catalog. The extent of the reduction is highly dependent on the declustering method and parameters applied. We then reproduce a similar effect by declustering synthetic earthquake catalogs with known b-value, which have been generated using an epidemic-type aftershock sequence model. Our analysis suggests that the observed decrease in b-value must, at least partially, arise from the application of the declustering algorithm on the catalog, rather than from differences in the nature of mainshocks versus fore- or aftershocks. We conclude that declustering should be considered as a potential source of bias in seismicity and hazard studies.
The Portuguese National Seismic Network—Products and Services
Authors: Carrilho Fernando , Custódio Susana , Bezzeghoud Mourad , Oliveira Carlos Sousa , Marreiros Célia , Vales Dina , Alves Paulo , Pena Areosa , Madureira Guilherme , Escuer Maria , Silveira Graça , Corela Carlos , Matias Luís , Silva Matilde , Veludo Idalina , Dias Nuno A. , Loureiro Afonso , Borges José F. , Caldeira Bento , Wachilala Piedade , Fontiela João
Published: February 2021

Portugal, located in the southwest region of the Eurasian plate, has been affected by several destructive earthquakes throughout its history, the most well-known being the 1755 Great Lisbon earthquake. The seismicity of the territory, both in the mainland and in the Azores and Madeira islands, has prompted the continuous development of seismic monitoring, from the first known macroseismic inquiry, following the 1755 Great Lisbon earthquake, to the current state-of-the-art seismic network. Once scattered in separate efforts, at present, most seismic stations in Portugal relay its data to a common data center, at Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, where data are automatically processed for the downstream generation of both manually revised and automatically generated products and services. In this article, we summarize the evolution of the permanent seismic network, its current status, the products and services that are publicly available, a recent effort of rapid deployment of a dense network following a mainshock, and state-of-the-art ocean-bottom seismometer developments.
Voluntary informed consent
Authors: Chuchalin A. G.
Published: February 2021

This article discusses voluntary informed consent (VIC), a prerequisite for any medical intervention. The article touches upon the history of this issue in modern health care and medical science. The role of the Nuremberg Code is emphasized, which is the basis for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Code of Medical Ethics of the World Medical Association, and the Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights. These documents helped define the world order after the end of World War II. The first part of the article reflects the history of the concept of VIC, while the second outlines the modern ethical views on this issue.
Early signs of airflow restriction and cardiovascular damage in conditionally healthy smokers
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Kondrashova E. A. , Bogdanov D. Yu. , Bondareva Zh. V.
Published: February 2021

Tobacco smoking is one of the most widespread and at the same time difficult to control risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases, which make the most significant contribution to the mortality. Smoking intensity, development of airflow restrictions, and damage to vascular endothelium are connected to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis. At the same time, there is no evidence of a possible relationship between the development of myocardial dysfunction and exposure to tobacco combustion products. It is of interest to study the incidence of airflow restrictions, arterial hypertension, and markers of early damage to target organs - the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA) and myocardium, in so-called relatively healthy smoking individuals. The aim of the study was to describe the incidence of airflow restrictions, hypertension, the state of the brachiocephalic arteries, and indicators of global and regional longitudinal strain of the left ventricle (GLSLV and RLSLV) in actively smoking conditionally healthy individuals. Methods. 100 active smokers were examined (smoking person index or ICH > 10 (17 ± 2 packs/year)) at the mean age of 48,80± 0,68years. 55% of the patients were male. The diagnosis of COPD was made based on spirometry values before and after the test with bronchodilators (400 mcg of salbutamol) (FEV1/FVC < 70% and FEV1 increase <12% of the initial values). Blood pressure measurement, duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries, transthoracic echocardiography with GLSLV and RLSLV with 17-segment division by Strain method were performed in all patients. Results. COPD was diagnosed in 35% of the patients, hypertension - in 45%. Evaluation of BCA showed increased thickness of intimamedia complex in the patients with hypertension (р= 0.002) and a significantly higher degree of stenosis and number of plaques in patients with concomitant COPD and hypertension. Type 1 diastolic dysfunction of LV was detected both in patients with hypertension and in the patients with COPD, but it was most common in the patients with concomitant COPD and hypertension. The GLSLV values did not change in all patients, but the RLSLV values depended on the segment (basal, medial, apical) and were significantly lower in the patients with concomitant COPD and hypertension. Conclusion. Tobacco combustion products not only are risk factors of airflow restriction and systemic vascular dysfunction, but also cause preclinical myocardial damage, a marker of which is a violation of the longitudinal strain of the left ventricle.
Visual outcome in patients undergoing minimally invasive vitrectomy surgery in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: V. Soumya , John Biju , Mamman Accamma
Published: February 2021

Background: Micro-incision vitrectomy surgery otherwise called minimally invasive vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) is undoubtedly one of the most impressive evolutions in the surgical retina field of the past decade. This self-healing suture less procedure is safe and reliable with rapid visual recovery. The present study enlightens the visual outcome following MIVS for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.Methods: This prospective study was done in 68 patients who underwent MIVS for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. A detailed ocular examination of the patients undergoing MIVS was done. Outcome of the surgery was assessed in terms of functional and anatomical success after one week, 6 weeks and third month.Results: Of the 68 patients, maximum number of patients was in the age group of 51-60 years. Risk factors were previous cataract surgery in 28%, lattice degeneration in 26%, trauma in 22%, myopia in 18% and no specific risk factors in 6%. Mean preoperative BCVA was log MAR 2.16±0.37 and mean post-operative BCVA was log MAR 1.22±0.35 with p value of <0.001 on paired t test indicating the difference was statistically significant. Functional success was achieved in 58% and anatomical success in 94% patients.Conclusions: Visual outcome following MIVS was good for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Secondary glaucoma and development or progression of cataract was found to be the major complication following MIVS.  MIVS is a suture less safe surgery facilitating early visual recovery and associated with minimal complications.
A comparative study on dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy between dementia patients and healthy individuals in Kolkata, West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Soumam , Roy Sohini , Roy Sanchari , Manna Ananta
Published: February 2021

Background: Dementia is a chronic condition characterised by a progressive loss of memory, thinking and behaviour. Several studies indicate that nutritional status as well as dietary intake of many patients having dementia are not adequate. Malnutrition is a common problem faced by these patients. Dietary diversity is an important indicator of dietary quality. It is a well-known factor which influences the nutritional status of individuals. The current study aims to compare the dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy of dementia patients and healthy individuals.Methods: 60 dementia patients and 60 controls were recruited as per the study protocol. 24-hour dietary intake was recorded. Dietary diversity was assessed in terms of Food Variety Score (FVS), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and Dietary Serving Score (DSS). Additionally, Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) was calculated for energy and 15 nutrients (Carbohydrate, Protein, Visible Fat, Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine, Vitamin B12, Folic Acid, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron and Zinc). Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) of the diet was also calculated.Results: The mean values of FVS (7.2±2 versus 8.1±1.4), DDS (4.1±1 versus 4.8±0.5), DSS (10.8±2 versus 14.2±1.2) were significantly lower in the dementia group as compared to the healthy subjects. The NAR and MAR values were also lower in the dementia group except for vitamin B12. But the intake of vitamin B12 was lower than the Estimated Average Requirement.Conclusions: In the present study it was observed that the diversity and nutritional adequacy of the diets consumed by dementia patients were poor as compared to the healthy individuals. Necessary measures should be taken to improve the dietary quality of dementia patients.
Merkel cell carcinoma associated with chronic treatment with hydroxyurea: a case report
Authors: Saraiva Saulo Esteves , Mareco Virgínia , Florindo André , Delgado Diogo , De Pina Maria Filomena
Published: February 2021

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumour of the skin, that shows a quickly and aggressive behaviour and carries a poor prognosis. Surgery is the standard primary treatment modality, while radiotherapy plays a role in postoperative treatment. Radiotherapy is also an alternative to unresectable lesions or patients who are unfit to surgery. Here we report a 90-year-old male with polycythemia vera that was chronically treated with hydroxyurea for about 30 years. The patient presented a purple and exophytic frontal scalp lesion, which had recurred after primary wide excision. This recurrence had been considered inoperable and the patient was treated with external beam radiotherapy to the lesion and locoregional lymph nodes, showing a complete clinical response after 12 weeks. However, disease progressed rapidly, and the patient died from distant metastasis 4 months later. This report is the second described case in literature of Merkel cell carcinoma as complication of chronic hydroxyurea and highlights the need for these patients to undergo regular and close dermatological evaluation.
Clinicopathological study of Tubo ovarian masses- A study of 110 cases
Authors: Bhatia Gunjan , Bhargava Sunita
Published: February 2021

An adnexal mass is a common clinical presentation in gynecological practice. Differential diagnosis of an adnexal mass can vary from a life threatening emergency like ectopic gestation to a malignant lesion with a high mortality rate, so it poses diagnostic challenge for treating gynecologist.

To study the histopathological nature of adnexal masses.

110 cases of adnexal masses who underwent surgical intervention during the study period of one year were included in the study. Specimen received in the department of Pathology and was subjected to histopathological examination.

A total of 110 cases formed the study group. In our study 79% of cases of adnexal masses had an ovarian origin, 15.45% cases were of tubal origin and 5.45% cases had combined pathology i.e due to tubovarian abscess and endometriosis. Among Ovarian lesions 9.1% had non neoplastic cyst like corpus luteal cyst or endometriosis whereas 50% cases had a surface epithelial lesion. 77 cases out of a total of 110 were ovarian in origin, out of which 57(74%) were benign, 05(6.5%) were borderline and 15(19.5%) were malignant.

To conclude, adnexal mass often poses a diagnostic dilemma to the treating physician. Ectopic gestation is often a cause of adnexal mass among patients of reproductive age group. Ovarian neoplasm constitute another major cause of adnexal mass, serous cyst adenoma is the commonest benign lesion seen while serous cyst adenocarcinoma is the commonest malignant ovarian lesion.
Morphological types of anaemia integrated with distribution of red cell and platelet indices: Study in a rural tertiary healthcare centre
Authors: Saha Anindita , Shetty Archana , H N Komala
Published: February 2021

Anaemia is a critical global health problemA good morphological subtyping of anaemia can guide clinician in further patient management. With the advent of automation, red cell and platelet indices are available from the routinely used blood cell counters in the laboratory, these supplemented with peripheral smear examination help in a good categorization of anaemia. Aim of this study is to study the morphological types of anaemias in the adults with the Objectives of Categorization of the anaemias based on morphology and to study the distribution of the red cell and platelet indices in the same.

: It was a prospective study conducted in the hematology wing of our central diagnostics over a period of three months and a total of 520 cases, which were morphologically classified according to the analyzer indices and peripheral smear. Distribution of the red cell and platelet indices in the different categories of anaemia were also noted.

A majority of the anaemias were microcytic hypochromic in type (67.1%) followed by normocytic normochromic anaemias (26.5%). Increased RDW was seen in microcytic hypochromic anaemias (55%) and normocytic normochromic anaemias (6.9%). The Mean platelet count/ mean platelet volume was increased in microcytic anaemias compared to others.

: Anaemias in the rural set up are predominantly of the microcytic in type. A good knowledge of the variation in RBC indices, RDW and platelet /mean platelet volume ratio along with a peripheral smear can help the reporting haematologist identify early stages of iron deficiency anaemia and can give a precise and accurate anaemia categorization at the basic entry level of laboratory investigation.

Interpretation of variation in RBC and platelet indices though often neglected can contribute significantly to categorize the anaemia.
A study of transfusion transmissible infections in blood donors in blood bank of north Gujarat
Authors: Solanki Piyush K , Chauhan Sanjay C
Published: February 2021

One of the main detrimental consequences of blood transfusion is donor-to-recipient infection transfer. Serological tests before transfusion may help to minimise TTIs. The purpose of this research was to establish the prevalence of TTIs among volunteer and blood donors.

Records from the blood bank attached to a tertiary care center were analysed. Past of 3 years records were entered and analysed through epi info 7.

In present study, the prevalence of blood-borne infection among blood donors was 2.12%. HIV incidence was 0.52% and HBV, HCV and Syphilis 0.68%. 0.11%, respectively, and 0.81%. Replacement donor has a rate of 11.41% relative to voluntary donor of 0.70%.

Blood door selection procedure must be comprehensive, utilising traditional procedures. Blood preservation is the recipient's primary concern. Furthermore, community motivation and knowledge campaigns are needed to raise volunteer blood donors.
Study of prognostic indicators and Her2neu expression in gastric adenocarcinomas – A tertiary care centre study
Authors: Swami Ravi M , Patel Binal N , Lakhe Rachana , Nimbargi Ravindra
Published: February 2021

Gastric carcinomas rank 5th among all the cancers in India. The incidence increases with age and peaks during 5th to 7th decades. The most common location is gastric antrum followed by the lesser curvature. Her2 neu expression is reported as a frequent molecular abnormality in gastric adenocarcinomas associated with poor prognosis.

The main aim was to study clinicopathological parameters of gastric carcinomas and study expression of HER2 in gastric adenocarcinomas.

This was a 4-year cross-sectional observational retrospective and prospective study of 47 cases of gastric carcinomas. The clinical profile and pathological features were studied. HER2 expression in gastric adenocarcinomas was scored according to Hoffman system and its association with age, gender, histopathological type, grade was studied. FISH was done in cases of equivocal HER2/Neu expression.

Of the total 47 gastric carcinomas, it was most commonly found in antrum. Mean age of presentation was 59.4 years with male: female ratio of 1.4:1. Of total 47 adenocarcinomas, 22 were tubular, 4 cases each of papillary and mixed adenocarcinoma and 17 were poorly cohesive carcinoma. There were 5 cases of grade I, 27 grade II and 15 grade III carcinomas. HER2 positivity was seen in 10 cases, 5 were equivocal and 32 were HER2 negative. We found statistically significant correlation between HER2 expression with histopathological grade (P=0.003) and age (P=0.014).

Tubular adenocarcinoma was the common subtype and antrum was the commonest location. HER2 expression was significantly associated with grades and age in cases of gastric adenocarcinomas. This study helped us to know the trends of gastric carcinoma in our region. Use of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization techniques additionally supports the use of targeted therapeutic modalities.
Sero-positivity of transfusion transmitted infections and reactive donors response to counselling among healthy blood donors
Authors: Divya N S  , Vanishree H R  , B Jaikar Sharat Kumar
Published: February 2021

Human Blood is essential and life saving in certain medical and surgical conditions and considered as “liquid of life” as it is not replaced by any artificially prepared medicine, though there are tremendous advances in medical sciences. Though Safe blood practice is emphasised since many years, yet there are many side effects of blood transfusion, of which temporary and reversible are easily recognised and treated. Whereas others especially few transfusion transmitted infections which have long term morbidity and mortality needs attention. Recognising these dreaded transfusion transmitted infections in donated blood will help to procure safe blood and help to treat the reactive donors at the earliest. Indirectly reducing the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) in the community. Tracing the reactive donors and initiating treatment at the earliest, which often would be a window period of transfusion transmitted disease, helps to formulate the strategy to curb the economic burden besides reducing morbidity and mortality.

1)To know the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infection among healthy blood donors; 2)To study reactive donors response to counselling; 3)To suggest strategy to collect and issue safe blood with aim to reduce TTIs.

: A retrospective study of 6.5 years done by review of blood donor registry maintained in blood bank from 2014 to June 2020. All the blood donors were clinically examined, and were asked fill up questionnaire and consent form as per standard guidelines. Mandatory screening tests suggested by WHO like for HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis were done and prevalence among both voluntary and replacement donors were calculated. Counselling for reactive donors done and they were directed to undergo advice and treatment by respective department concerned. SPSS software and MS excel sheet were used to analyze the data.

Analysis of data revealed replacement blood donors outnumbered voluntary donors. TTIs were more common among replacement donors compared to voluntary. Most number of reactive donors were among men aged between 26 to 35 years. Prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria were 0.062%, 0.655%, 0.006%, 0.146% and0.006% respectively in our study. Among reactive donors responders were 108(85.71%) as compared to non-responders 18(14.28%).

Following strict measures to select donor and to counsel donor before donation with appropriate privacy will help to decrease seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections. Counselling reactive donors help to seek treatment at the earliest along with unnoticed ongoing blood donations by them. By knowing seroprevalence rate and response of reactive donors, Government and health administration should make and implement policy for safe blood collection and transfusion.
Spectrum of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dhende Priyanka D , Patil Lalita Y , Jashnani Kusum
Published: February 2021

Ovarian tumors are heterogeneous group of neoplasms with wide range of histopathological patterns. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in females. Often difficult to detect until they are advanced in stage or increased in size as symptoms are vague and insidious. Treatment and prognosis is based upon accurate surgical staging and thorough pathological evaluation.

A total 150 cases were studied from June 2014 to May 2017. Their age, clinical presentation and histopathological findings were reviewed and analyzed.

Out of 150 cases of ovarian tumors studied 119(79.3%) were benign, 9 (6.0%) borderline and 22 (14.6%) malignant. Age ranged from 9 to 80 years. The commonest presenting complaint in malignant and benign cases was pain in abdomen and in borderline cases abdominal distension. CA125, CEA and LDH were most commonly raised in 53.8%, 23% and 100% malignant cases respectively. Surface epithelial tumors were 68% followed by germ cell tumors 28% and sex cord stromal tumors 4%.
An unusual case of peripheral ossifying fibroma of the hard palate
Authors: Hassan Mohammad Jaseem , Sehgal Shivali , Khan Sabina , Ahmad Nehal , Jetley Sujata
Published: February 2021

Peripheral Ossifying fibroma is a slow growing tumor commonly found in the gingival region in females. We discuss an unusual occurrence of peripheral ossifying fibroma on the hard palate in a young male. Clinically the lesion should be differentiated from a pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma and odontogenic tumors. Definitive diagnosis requires excision and histopathological examination.
Wallbank, A. (2018) ACADEMIC WRITING and DYSLEXIA A Visual Guide to Writing at University, London, Routledge.
Authors: HEALEY CHRISTINA ELIZABETH
Published: February 2021

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Seed Germination and Seedling Vigour Improvement by Halophytic Seed Treatment in Black gram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Vinothini R. , Raja K. , Jerlin R. , Maragatham S.
Published: February 2021

Background: Chenopodium plant is halophytic in nature in which the plant absorbs salt from soil and secrets the salts in aerial parts particularly in leaves and also has lot of macro and micro nutrients. This salt secretion by salt glands helps to survive the plants in saline conditions. The morpho-physiological characters act as barrier against mechanical damages, insects, excessive light and loss of water. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to enhance the seed quality traits viz., germination, speed of germination and seedling vigour in black gram by treating with the salt glands of Chenopodium. Methods: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2019 - 2020. The black gram variety VBN 8 seeds were treated with different concentrations of Chenopodium leaf extract and salt bladders. Then, the seeds were assessed for its quality traits. Result: The experimental results showed that seeds soaked in Chenopodium leaf extract along with salt bladders @ 1.0% or salt bladders alone @ 0.2% for 3 h at 1:0.3 (w/v) ratio have recorded highest germination (97% and 96%) and seedling vigour (2280 and 2102). Nevertheless, analytical results indicated that the Chenopodium leaf extract and its salt bladders contain more amount of minerals particularly phosphorous (0.50%, 0.15%), potassium (0.83%, 1.11%), nitrogen (2.52%, 2.21%), calcium (16.00 ppm, 22.40 ppm), magnesium (190.56 ppm, 193.40 ppm), sodium (4.14 mg 100 g-1, 6.57 mg 100 g-1), chloride (0.14 mol. L-1, 0.17 mol. L-1), respectively, which favored the enhancement of seed qualities in black gram.
Edaphic and Foliar Biofortification of Common Black Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with Iron
Authors: Felix J.W. , Sánchez-Chávez E. , de-la-Cruz-Lázaro E. , Márquez-Quiroz C.
Published: February 2021

Background: Biofortification is the process by which the nutritional quality of food crops is improved through agronomic practices, conventional plant breeding, or modern biotechnology. The objective in this work was to determine the effect of iron on mineral content, proximal composition, bioactive compound content and antioxidant activity in the bean grain. Methods: In this present work, we biofortificated plants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), with doses of iron sulfate (0, 0.25, and 0.50 g) and foliar iron chelate (0, 25, 50 and 100 µM). In the grain content mineral (iron, zinc, copper and nickel), proximal composition (moisture, ash, crude fiber, fat, protein, carbohydrates and energy), total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity were determined. Result: Edaphic and foliar biofortification increased iron content in the grain. All treatment combinations containing some edaphic or foliar doses of iron increased levels of ash fat, protein, crude fiber, total phenols and anthocyanins, and decreased carbohydrate content and energy. Nine treatment combinations, including the control, possessed the highest antioxidant activities (84.96-89.76%).