bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Full-separability and bi-separability of qubits using Bell operators, partial transpose, witnesses and explicit (full/bi) separability
Authors: Ben-Aryeh Y. , Mann A.
Published: April 2022

Using the Hilbert–Schmidt (HS) decomposition we suggest new possible choices of Bell operators and entanglement witnesses (EWs) for [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) qubits systems for (full/bi) separability. The latter give upper bounds for (full/bi) separability. Also using the HS decomposition, we find explicitly (full/bi) separable forms for some qubits states which give lower bounds for (full/bi) separability. When the lower bounds and upper bounds coincide it means that the EW is optimal. In the case of full separability, the positive transpose method can sometimes give optimal results. As concrete examples, we give results for the GHZ(3), [Formula: see text] and cluster [Formula: see text] states.
Effect of the phenyl substituent’s position on the encapsulation of porphyrins inside lignin nanoparticles: Photophysical and antibacterial properties
Authors: Maldonado-Carmona Nidia , Villandier Nicolas , Ouk Tan-Sothea , Launay Yann , Calliste Claude A. , Wiehe Arno , Leroy-Lhez Stéphanie
Published: April 2022

Porphyrins are well studied molecules that are widely used in Photodynamic Therapy, aiming for the eradication of tumours, but also for the eradication of bacteria. The formulation of porphyrins is a crucial factor when developing photodynamic applications, due to the limited stability and low solubility of porphyrins in aqueous media. Our research group has previously demonstrated that porphyrins, and especially 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin are easily encapsulated inside acetylated lignin spherical nanoparticles, while conserving their main photophysical features. In the present study we encapsulated 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin, the precursor of the well-known photosensitizer Temoporfin, in acetylated lignin nanoparticles, yielding a stable formulation while keeping the photophysical properties of the encapsulated porphyrin. This formulation was tested as a photodynamic antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus CIP 76.25 and Escherichia coli CIP 53.126, where it efficiently eradicated S. aureus, although also showing non-neglectable dark toxicity against the bacterial cells. In conclusion, the 3-hydroxyphenyl substituted porphyrin yielded nanoparticles physically and photophysically similar to those prepared with its isomer. However, the change in the position of the phenyl substituent seems to increase the dark toxicity of the nanoparticles, a phenomenon that still needs to be explored.
Porphyrin-BODIPY light harvesting [3]rotaxane
Authors: Fathalla Maher
Published: April 2022

The innovation of new synthetic strategies to assemble functional materials is of the utmost importance. Herein, a light harvesting [3]rotaxane 7 was designed and synthesized by threading alkyne-functionalized dibenzyl ammonium 5 into dibenzo-24-crown-8 ether macrocycles of Zn porphyrin 4 followed by stoppering the resulting [3]pseudorotaxane 8 with four azide-functionalized boron-dipyrrin (BODIPY) 6 moieties through the copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC “click” reaction). The photophysical properties of the resulting [3]rotaxane were investigated by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The absorption spectrum of 7 demonstrated that both Zn porphyrin and BODIPY moieties of 7 retain their spectroscopic properties thus indicating negligible interaction between them in the ground state. In addition, fluorescence studies of the resulting [3]rotaxane 7 showed that the selective excitation of BODIPY moieties of 7 resulted in an efficient photo-induced energy transfer from the four peripheral BODIPY to the central Zn porphyrin thus imitating the natural photosynthesis processes.
POLYTHEA – The opportunities and challenges of doctoral training networks
Authors: Donohoe Claire , Leroy-Lhez Stéphanie , Senge Mathias O. , Gomes-da-Silva Lígia C.
Published: April 2022

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a multi-component therapy which relies on the delivery of a photosensitizer drug and light in the presence of oxygen to mediate a therapeutic anti-cancer or anti-microbial effect. As a multi-component therapy, a multidisciplinary research approach is required to achieve success with the application of PDT. The POLYTHEA network, a project funded under the Marie Skołodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) of Horizon 2020 (H2020) program, provided an opportunity to build a collaboration of laboratories across Europe with the necessary expertise required for the different facets of PDT. In the process, ten early-stage researchers (ESRs) were trained with the aim of achieving European Joint Doctorate degrees. The project managed to fulfill goals of collaborative research, transferable skills training, and public outreach, despite the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic. The benefits of this type of MSCA funding for the main participants, students and supervisors, are highly relevant to their career but are not free from challenges. With the POLYTHEA project soon ending, a reflection of the most positive and negative aspects of the project from its inception is opportune.
New Techniques for Solutions of Fuzzy Volterra Integral Equations via Soft Set-Valued Maps
Authors: Shagari Mohammed Shehu , Azam Akbar
Published: April 2022

In this paper, new generalized concepts of set-valued maps under the name soft set-valued maps are established. The presented results herein are soft set extensions of various existing fuzzy set-valued and crisp multivalued fixed point theorems. Examples are provided to authenticate the hypotheses of our obtained results. Moreover, our main result is applied to establish conditions for existence of solutions to fuzzy Volterra integral equations.
Vertex fault-tolerant spanners for weighted points in polygonal domains
Authors: Inkulu R. , Singh Apurv
Published: April 2022

Given a set S of n points, a weight function w to associate a non-negative weight to each point in S, a positive integer [Formula: see text], and a real number [Formula: see text], we devise the following algorithms to compute a k-vertex fault-tolerant spanner network [Formula: see text] for the metric space induced by the weighted points in S: (1). When the points in S are located in a simple polygon, we present an algorithm to compute G with multiplicative stretch [Formula: see text], and the number of edges in G (size of G) is [Formula: see text]. (2) When the points in S are located in the free space of a polygonal domain [Formula: see text] with h number of obstacles, we present an algorithm to compute G with multiplicative stretch [Formula: see text] and size [Formula: see text]. (3) When the points in S are located on a polyhedral terrain, we devise an algorithm to compute G with multiplicative stretch [Formula: see text] and size [Formula: see text].
On some formulas in the problem of enumeration of finite labeled topologies
Authors: Al’Dzhabri Kh. Sh. , Rodionov V. I.
Published: April 2022

Among the unsolved problems of enumeration of graphs, one of the most difficult is the problem of enumeration of transitive digraphs, which is equivalent to the problem of enumeration of finite partial orders and is equivalent to the problem of enumeration of finite labeled [Formula: see text]-topologies. The sequence [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the number of all labeled [Formula: see text]-topologies defined on an n-set, has been studied from different points of view. In the previous work of the second author, a formula was obtained in which the number [Formula: see text] is represented as a linear combination of numbers [Formula: see text] (where the sequences [Formula: see text] are compositions of the number n). Recurrent relations between individual numbers [Formula: see text] were obtained. In this paper, new recursive formulas between separate numbers [Formula: see text] are obtained.
On fourth leap Zagreb index of graphs
Authors: Alsinai Ammar , Saleh Anwar , Ahmed Hanan , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan , Soner N. D.
Published: April 2022

In this research work, we introduce a new version of leap Zagreb index called fourth leap Zagreb index. Mathematical properties and exact values for some standard classes of graphs for this new topological index are obtained. Also, the upper bounds are established. The values of this index for some graph operations containing the Cartesian product, Join and Composition are found.
An Estimation Approach to Optimize Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Network: A Health-Care Application
Authors: Hachicha Marwa , Halima Riadh Ben , Jemal Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is gaining popularity day by day in a large area of applications. However, the operation of WSN is facing a multitude of challenges, mainly in terms of energy consumption since WSN nodes operate with battery power and changing the batteries is a complicated task, as networks may include hundreds to thousands of nodes. In this context, it is very crucial to know the remaining energy value in the battery of the sensor node to take required actions before losing sensor’s function. Sending these measurements is very expensive in terms of energy and reduces the battery lifetime of the sensor and thus of the entire network. In this paper, we are interested in defining a probabilistic approach which aims to estimate these monitoring energy values and optimize energy consumption in WSN. Our approach is based on hidden Markov chains and includes two phases namely a learning phase and a prediction phase. Our approach is implemented as a web service. We illustrate our approach with a sensor-based health-care monitoring case study for COVID-19 patients. To evaluate our approach, we carry out experimentations based on the AvroraZ a simulator with a test for different types of applications and for different energy models: μAMPS-specific model, Mica2-specific model, and Mica2-specific model with actual measurements. These experimentations demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach. Our results show that periodic WSN applications i.e. applications which send monitoring data periodically, tested with the μAMPS-specific model perform an accuracy of 98.65%. In addition, our approach can perform a gain up to 75% of the battery charge of the sensor with an estimation of three-quarters of the remaining energy values.

a https://www.redcad.org/members/benhalima/azem/ .
The Quest for Customer Intelligence to Support Marketing Decisions: A Knowledge-Based Framework
Authors: Dam Nguyen Anh Khoa , Dinh Thang Le , Menvielle William
Published: April 2022

The quest for customer intelligence to create value in marketing has highlighted the significance of the research focus of this paper. Customer intelligence, which is defined as understandings or insights resulting from the application of analytic techniques, plays a significant role in the survival and prosperity of enterprises in the knowledge-based economy. In this light, the paper has developed a framework of customer intelligence to support marketing decisions through the lens of knowledge-based theory. The proposed framework aims at supporting enterprises to identify the right customer data for the right customer intelligence corresponding with the right marketing decisions. In this light, four types of customer intelligence are clarified including product-aware intelligence, customer DNA intelligence, customer experience intelligence, and customer value intelligence. The applications of customer intelligence are also elucidated with relevant marketing decisions to maximize value creation. To illustrate the framework, an example is presented. The importance and originality of this study are that it responds to changes in customer intelligence in the age of massive data and covers multifaced aspects of marketing decisions.
Privacy Preservation for Trajectory Publication Based on Differential Privacy
Authors: Yao Lin , Chen Zhenyu , Hu Haibo , Wu Guowei , Wu Bin
Published: April 2022

With the proliferation of location-aware devices, trajectory data have been used widely in real-life applications. However, trajectory data are often associated with sensitive labels, such as users’ purchase transactions and planned activities. As such, inappropriate sharing or publishing of these data could threaten users’ privacy, especially when an adversary has sufficient background knowledge about a trajectory through other data sources, such as social media (check-in tags). Though differential privacy has been used to address the privacy of trajectory data, no existing method can protect the privacy of both trajectory data and sensitive labels. In this article, we propose a comprehensive trajectory publishing algorithm with three effective procedures. First, we apply density-based clustering to determine hotspots and outliers and then blur their locations by generalization. Second, we propose a graph-based model to efficiently capture the relationship among sensitive labels and trajectory points in all records and leverage Laplace noise to achieve differential privacy. Finally, we generate and publish trajectories by traversing and updating this graph until we travel all vertexes. Our experiments on synthetic and real-life datasets demonstrate that our algorithm effectively protects the privacy of both sensitive labels and location data in trajectory publication. Compared with existing works on trajectory publishing, our algorithm can also achieve higher data utility.
Spectral Ranking Regression
Authors: Yıldız İlkay , Dy Jennifer , Erdoğmuş Deniz , Ostmo Susan , Campbell J. Peter , Chiang Michael F. , Ioannidis Stratis
Published: April 2022

We study the problem of ranking regression, in which a dataset of rankings is used to learn Plackett–Luce scores as functions of sample features. We propose a novel spectral algorithm to accelerate learning in ranking regression. Our main technical contribution is to show that the Plackett–Luce negative log-likelihood
augmented with a proximal penalty
has stationary points that satisfy the balance equations of a Markov Chain. This allows us to tackle the ranking regression problem via an efficient spectral algorithm by using the Alternating Directions Method of Multipliers (ADMM). ADMM separates the learning of scores and model parameters, and in turn, enables us to devise fast spectral algorithms for ranking regression via both shallow and deep neural network (DNN) models. For shallow models, our algorithms are up to 579 times faster than the Newton’s method. For DNN models, we extend the standard ADMM via a Kullback–Leibler proximal penalty and show that this is still amenable to fast inference via a spectral approach. Compared to a state-of-the-art siamese network, our resulting algorithms are up to 175 times faster and attain better predictions by up to 26% Top-1 Accuracy and 6% Kendall-Tau correlation over five real-life ranking datasets.
Tuning Negative Permittivity by Anodization of A 3D Copper Network
Authors: Hou Qing , Ju Licheng , Qin Faxiang , Peng Huaxin , Fan Runhua
Published: April 2022

Negative permittivity is a required physical property of metamaterials which has been widely used in some emerging and unconventional applications, such as cloaking, perfect lens and perfect wave absorption. In addition to periodic meta-structured units, a composite with conductive networks, so-called metacomposite, is equivalent to diluted metals, which also exhibits negative permittivity properties at microwave frequency. The percolative metacomposites have the advantages of isotropic property, flexible preparation methods and low cost in achieving negative permittivity. However, building a percolation network from conductive fillers in an insulating matrix is a complicated process, and the dispersion of fillers is difficult to control. In this study, the percolation network was modulated on the basis of the conductive copper foam by anodization treatment. The conductivity and negative permittivity of the foam varied with the anodization time. As the anodization time increased, the foam changed from a typical Drude metal to a less conductive 3D structure with mitigated negative permittivity. The absolute value of the negative permittivity of Cu-30V-5h sample was two orders of magnitude lower than that of the samples anodised for 30V-3h, 20V-3h and 20V-1h. Therefore, anodization is a facile and effective method to control the conductivity and negative permittivity of copper epoxy metacomposites.
Pharmacological sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 1 targeting in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice
Authors: Goel Khushboo , Schweitzer Kelly S. , Serban Karina A. , Bittman Robert , Petrache Irina
Published: April 2022

Primarily caused by chronic cigarette smoking (CS), emphysema is characterized by loss of alveolar cells comprising lung units involved in gas exchange and inflammation that culminate in airspace enlargement. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism with increases of ceramide relative to sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) signaling has been shown to cause lung cell apoptosis and is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in emphysema. We sought to determine the impact of augmenting S1P signaling via S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) in a mouse model of CS-induced emphysema. DBA2 mice were exposed to CS for 4 or 6 mo and treated with pharmacological agonists of S1P1: phosphonated FTY720 (FTY720-1S and 2S analogs; 0.01–1.0 mg/kg) or GSK183303A (10 mg/kg). Pharmacological S1P1 agonists ameliorated CS-induced lung parenchymal apoptosis and airspace enlargement as well as loss of body weight. S1P1 agonists had modest inhibitory effects on CS-induced airspace inflammation and lung functional changes measured by Flexivent, improving lung tissue resistance. S1P1 abundance was reduced in chronic CS-conditions and remained decreased after CS-cessation or treatment with FTY720-1S. These results support an important role for S1P-S1P1 axis in maintaining the structural integrity of alveoli during chronic CS exposure and suggest that increasing both S1P1 signaling and abundance may be beneficial to counteract the effects of chronic CS exposure.
Thermogenic responses to different clamped skin temperatures in cold-exposed men and women
Authors: Dumont Lauralyne , Lessard Raphael , Semeniuk Kevin , Chahrour Houssein , McCormick James J. , Acosta Francisco M. , Blondin Denis P. , Haman François
Published: April 2022

Despite many decades of research examining thermoregulatory responses under varying cold stresses in humans, very little is known about the variability in metabolic heat production and shivering activity. Here, we used a novel closed-loop mean skin temperature clamping technique with a liquid-conditioned suit to isolate the effects of mean skin temperature on the subjective evaluation of thermal sensation, heat production, shivering responses, and oxidative fuel selection in young, lean, and healthy men ( n = 12) and women ( n = 12). Our results showed a skin temperature-dependent increase in metabolic heat production (5.2 ± 1.2 kJ/min, 5.9 ± 1.5 kJ/min, and 7.0 ± 1.8 kJ/min with skin temperature maintained at 31 ± 0.1°C, 29 ± 0.2°C, and 27 ± 0.1°C, respectively; P < 0.0001) and shivering intensity in both men and women [0.6 ± 0.1% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), 1.1 ± 0.4% MVC, and 2.5 ± 0.7% MVC, respectively; P < 0.0001], including sex-dependent differences in heat production at all three temperatures ( P < 0.005). Even when controlling for lean body mass and fat mass, sex differences persisted ( P = 0.048 and P = 0.004, respectively), whereas controlling for differences in body surface area eliminated these differences. Interestingly, there were no sex differences in the cold-induced change in thermogenesis. Despite clamping skin temperature, there was tremendous variability in the rate of heat production and shivering intensity. Collectively this data suggests that many of the interindividual differences in thermogenesis and shivering may be explained by differences in morphology and body composition.
The Impact of Curcumin on the Inflammatory Profile of SW982 Cells in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Model
Authors: Więcek Kamil , Kupczyk Piotr , Chodaczek Grzegorz , Woźniak Marta
Published: April 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases, affecting approximately 1% of the total global population. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol is a substance that could potentially mitigate the course of this disease. To evaluate curcumin’s anti-inflammatory impact on synoviocytes in the RA model, a set of experiments was conducted on SW982 cells, stimulated by IL-1β, IL-6, or TNF-α to emulate inflammation. During the research, the curcumin effect was evaluated by measuring cell survivability, expression of MMP1 gene, subcellular localization of P70S6K1 protein, and its phosphorylated form and amount of produced IL-6 and TNF-α. Results of conducted experiments presented a positive impact of curcumin on synoviocytes in the RA model, by reducing SW982 cells’ survivability, decreasing levels of MMP1 gene expression and TNF-α protein production, which altogether confirm beneficial effects of the curcumin therapy in a RA in vitro model.
Study on Meteorological Disaster Monitoring of Field Fruit Industry by Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Bei Gao , Zhang Shuyu , Guo Yanlong , Yanli Li , Hu Ning , Liu Jun
Published: April 2022

Meteorological disasters have brought a great negative impact on people’s lives. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the detection technology of meteorological disasters has been continuously improved. At present, satellite remote sensing detection technology has made gratifying achievements, and it has a good application in meteorological disaster prediction. In this paper, the application of satellite remote sensing technology in the process of meteorological disaster monitoring is discussed in depth. In traditional work, the accuracy and timeliness of meteorological disaster monitoring is the key and difficult point of meteorological disaster prevention. Using satellite telemetry to monitor meteorological disasters can effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of meteorological disaster monitoring, provide reasonable solutions and decision-making basis for meteorological disaster prevention, and achieve the purpose of disaster prevention and mitigation. This paper introduces the basic principle, technical system, and important role of satellite remote sensing technology, expounds on the application of satellite remote sensing technology in the monitoring of agricultural meteorological disasters such as water, drought, freezing, and hail, and provides a scientific reference for farmers, agricultural sustainability, and agricultural decision-making. The continuous development of our country’s modern social economy has put forward higher requirements for agricultural production. Traditional monitoring technology can no longer meet the needs of agricultural meteorological disaster monitoring. The scientific application of remote sensing monitoring technology has important value, which can effectively improve the detection level and make it have higher accuracy and real-time performance, thereby promoting modern agricultural production in China. Based on the analysis of the application value of remote sensing monitoring technology, this paper comprehensively discusses the specific conditions of different disasters monitored by remote sensing monitoring technology in agricultural production.
A Clinicopathologic Analysis of Decidual Polyps: A Potentially Problematic Diagnosis
Authors: Zou Juan , He Ying , Chen Huiling , Wang Peng , Xiao Xue , Liu Shanling
Published: April 2022

Objective. The decidual polyp is a special cervical polyp that is not systemically reported or well known. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of the decidual polyps observed at the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University between 2015 and 2020 and to spread awareness of them. Methods. Two hundred and fifty cases of decidual polyps, accounting for 45.45% (250/550) of all cervical polyps identified during pregnancy, were reviewed. The patients were followed up until the end of their pregnancies, which delivered <28 weeks and between 28 and 37 weeks, and full-term delivery. The t-test or nonparametric test was used to measure the data, and the chi-square test was used for counting data. Statistical significance was set at

p
<
0.05

. Results. Most of the decidual polyps occurred during the first trimester, with a median patient age of 33 years. The polyps were both singles and multiples and located at the cervix, with a long stalk, and a median diameter of one centimeter. The gross morphological appearance varied from polypoid to lingulate, and they were fragile and bled easily. Microscopically, the decidual polyps showed diffuse glandular secretion as well as decidual changes in the stromal cells. They could be divided into two subtypes: decidua fragment and decidua with endometrial polyp formation. Seventy-three patients who went on to have further pregnancies were followed until the end of the study period. Twenty-one (21/73, 28.77%) of them had adverse pregnancy outcomes (12 cases delivered <28 weeks and 9 cases delivered between 28 and 37 weeks). Conclusions. The data showed that the decidual polyp was the second most common cervical polyp during pregnancy, and its incidence was associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thus, this type of polyp should be considered in cervical polypectomy specimens from pregnant women. A more uniform and accurate pathological diagnosis, including the thrombus status and division subtype, could provide the basis for obstetricians to promote treatment improving pregnancy outcomes.
Approximation Technique for Solving Linear Volterra Integro-Differential Equations with Boundary Conditions
Authors: Alnair Mohamed E. A. , Khidir Ahmed A.
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a new technique for solving linear Volterra integro-differential equations with boundary conditions. The method is based on the blending of the Chebyshev spectral methods. The application of the proposed method leads the Volterra integro-differential equation to a system of algebraic equations that are easy to solve. Some examples are introduced and the obtained results are compared with exact solution as well as the methods that reported in the literature to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the method. The results demonstrate that there is congruence between the numerical and the exact results to a high order of accuracy. Tables were generated to verify the accuracy convergence of the method and error. Figures are presented to show the excellent agreement between the results of this study and the results from literature.
Adhesive and Impact-Peel Strength Improvement of Epoxy Resins Modified with Mono and Diamine Functionalized Elastomers
Authors: Panthakkal Abdul Muthalif Mohammed , Choe Youngson
Published: April 2022

Epoxy resins are widely applied in the automotive and electronic industries. However, pure epoxy resins are brittle and thus possess poor mechanical properties. Herein, we report a facile method for improving the impact-peel and adhesive strengths of epoxy resins via the incorporation of two different types of polyether amines (monoamine-based and diamine-based prepolymers). A comparative study was performed to investigate the potential advantages of incorporating a prepolymer into an epoxy resin matrix. It was discovered that the incorporation of a diamine prepolymer significantly improved the impact-peel strength of the epoxy resin system at low (-40°C) and room (23°C) temperatures. For 15 wt% adhesive loading, the diamine prepolymer-based epoxy system demonstrated a 130% (low temperature) and 32% (room temperature) higher impact-peel strength than the monoamine prepolymer-based epoxy system. Moreover, the 15 wt% diamine prepolymer-based epoxy system exhibited a significantly improved shear strength (~36 MPa) and T-peel strength (260 N/25 mm) owing to the effectively reduced crack propagation and cohesive interactions between the epoxy molecules. Our results suggest that the modification of epoxy resins with an appropriate amount of mono and diamine-functionalized elastomers provides a novel route for the development of highly efficient adhesive materials for various applications.
Effects of the Femoral Nerve Block and Adductor Canal Block on Tourniquet Response and Postoperative Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Jin Di , Zhu Yajuan , Ji Fuhai , Kong Xiaoqi
Published: April 2022

Tourniquet has emerged as an important role in surgical procedures, sixty patients undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty are randomly divided into the nerve block group and adductor duct block group in this paper. The changes of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at different time points during operation, the changes of VAS scores at resting pain and exercise pain, and the changes of quadriceps femur muscle strength at different time points after operation are observed in 2 groups. The experimental results show that compared with adductor duct block, femoral nerve block can better relieve the intraoperative tourniquet reaction without affecting the postoperative analgesic effect and the muscle strength of quadriceps femurs.
Coverage Blind Area Repair Based on Perceived Multimedia Data Driven in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Li Qiangyi , Liu Ningzhong
Published: April 2022

Wireless sensor networks deploy a large number of wireless sensor nodes in the monitoring area to complete the target monitoring task. The coverage effect is an important index to evaluate wireless sensor networks. The effect of network coverage is realized by the wireless sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area, because the reasonable deployment of sensor nodes can affect the accuracy, reliability, real time, and integrity of monitoring target data collection. The main purpose of network coverage is to use the least number of wireless sensor nodes to complete the monitoring task of targets in the monitoring area and to avoid the emergence of coverage blind areas. Random node deployment, electronic equipment failure, software error, fire spread, flood, and other phenomena may lead to large-scale failure of wireless sensor nodes. For the failure of some nodes, the phenomenon of coverage blind area appears in the network. In order to repair the coverage blind area in the network, a coverage blind area repair algorithm for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this article. The coverage blind area attracts the nodes, makes the nodes move, and repairs the coverage blind area in the network.
Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts: The Promising Regulators in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Yan , Xin Yanguo , Cheng Yue , Liu Xiaojing
Published: April 2022

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as a serious complication of diabetes, causes structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and eventually progresses to heart failure. Currently, there is no specific treatment for DCM. Studies have proved that mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are key factors for the development and progression of DCM. The mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) are a unique domain formed by physical contacts between mitochondria and ER and mediate organelle communication. Under high glucose conditions, changes in the distance and composition of MAMs lead to abnormal intracellular signal transduction, which will affect the physiological function of MAMs, such as alter the Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiomyocytes, and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal apoptosis. Therefore, the dysfunction of MAMs is closely related to the pathogenesis of DCM. In this review, we summarized the evidence for the role of MAMs in DCM and described that MAMs participated directly or indirectly in the regulation of the pathophysiological process of DCM via the regulation of Ca2+ signaling, mitochondrial dynamics, ER stress, autophagy, and inflammation. Finally, we discussed the clinical transformation prospects and technical limitations of MAMs-associated proteins (such as MFN2, FUNDC1, and GSK3β) as potential therapeutic targets for DCM.
Analysis of the Influence of the Distribution and Development of Soil Caves on the Stability of High‐Voltage Transmission Tower Foundations
Authors: Zhou Yingbo , Zhou Li , Duan Zhiqiang , Ke Fangchao , Liu Huan
Published: April 2022

As a kind of concealed flawed geology, karst geology easily forms soil caves, which may have a negative effect on adjacent transmission tower foundations. Since soil caves are continuously developed when surface water flows through soil, or groundwater levels fluctuate, the effect of soil caves on transmission lines in power transmission engineering needs to be investigated. In this paper, combined with an engineering case in western Hubei, first, FLAC3D finite element software is used to analyze the influence of a single underground soil cave during continuous development and expansion on 500 kV transmission towers. Considering the maximum allowable tilt value of the tower foundation, the stress state and deformation of the soil around the foundation are monitored during the calculation and analysis, and the maximum allowable radius of the soil cave in different positions is obtained. For example, the development radii of soil holes are 1.5 m, 2 m, and 2.5 m for burial depths of 7 m and 8 m, 9 m, and 10 m and 11 m, respectively, and the development radius of soil holes with a burial depth of 12 m and below can reach the maximum value of 3 m under actual working conditions. Then, the results of two simplified models of columnar and spherical development of the soil cave are compared, and it is found that columnar development is more in line with the actual situation. Finally, under the condition of a close‐range double soil cave distribution, the influence of the size, depth, and gap between the two caves on the tower foundation is simulated. This study can provide references for the safe operation of transmission towers and the assessment of possible disasters in karst areas.
Cloud Computing Load Balancing Mechanism Taking into Account Load Balancing Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: He Jing
Published: April 2022

The networking scale and traffic have exploded. At the same time, the rapid development of virtualization and cloud computing technologies not only poses a considerable challenge to the endurance of the network, but also causes more and more problems to the traditional network architecture with IP as the core. Cloud computing is a supercomputing model based on the Internet. With the rapid growth of network access and data traffic, the processing power and computing intensity will also increase, and a single server cannot afford the increase in business. In order to reduce network pressure and improve computing efficiency, load balancing for network computing is particularly important. This paper uses ant colony algorithm to design cloud computing load balance. The ant colony algorithm runs in the controller. According to the real-time network load situation provided by the controller, it calculates the link with the smallest load and provides a dynamic data stream forwarding strategy. The result of the experiments shows that the load-balanced ACO optimized technique can significantly provide an improved computational response. In the ACO algorithm, the average response time is about 30% lower than that in other algorithms. This shows that the use of the ant colony algorithm achieves a good optimization effect.
Reduction of 1/f Noise in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) Using Gas Adsorption Technique
Authors: Natrayan L. , Angalaeswari S. , Kaliappan S. , Reddy C. Naga Dheeraj Kumar , Sivaprakash V. , Patil Pravin P. , Murugan P.
Published: April 2022

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) plays a major role in electromagnetic absorption and shielding. Their applications as semiconductors make a breakthrough in communication by miniaturizing the communication devices. The main drawback of the SWCNT is found to [Formula: see text] noise. Because of this limitation, high attenuation at the low-frequency band cannot be achieved, limiting its application in terms of selectivity. The spectral density study shows that the noise’s amplitude is directly proportional to the temperature and inversely proportional to the number of carriers in the nanotube. The SWCNT is mainly synthesized using hydrocarbons which contains carbonaceous impurities. On the removal of impurities, more surface oxygen functional groups are formed. On the other hand, the diameter of the carbon nanotube is very small, increasing the resistance of carrier flow. In this research work, gas adsorption was used in SWCNT by treating the carbon nanotube using nitric acid. Isotherms determine porous size. The adsorbate-adsorbent interaction on carbon nanotube reduces the microporosity in the surface by treating with nitric acid. Therefore, the density of the surface increases and the CNT bundle separation will be reduced, increasing the carbon nanotube’s resistivity. This increase in resistivity reduces the excess carrier flow; therefore, the temperature will reduce the [Formula: see text] noise. The proposed system is cost-effective and has shown 11% improvement by reducing the noise amplitude by increasing carbon nanotube resistance. This proposed method has less complexity compared with existing models.
Diagnostic Performance of Three rK39 Rapid Diagnostic Tests and Two Direct Agglutination Tests for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Southern Iran
Authors: Rezaei Zahra , Pourabbas Bahman , Kühne Vera , Pourabbas Parham , Büscher Philippe
Published: April 2022

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of five alternative serodiagnostic tests, serum samples from 100 confirmed visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients, 197 healthy endemic individuals, and 58 non-VL patients living in southern Iran were compared. The VL patients were defined as individuals with a positive result of the immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), having clinical signs and symptoms and appropriate response to treatment. The index tests were two direct agglutination tests, DAT-ITM (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium) and DAT-KIT (Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), and three rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), Kalazar Detect (InBios International Inc., USA), IT Leish (Bio-Rad, catalog 710124), and Leishmania test (Cypress Diagnostic Company, Belgium). Sensitivities of DAT-ITM and DAT-KIT were low, respectively, 56% and 59%, while specificities were acceptable, respectively, 98% and 93%. Observed sensitivities and specificities of RDTs were higher (71%, 81%, 70% and 99%, 99%, 98% for Kalazar Detect, IT Leish, and Leishmania test, respectively). Even with a maximum sensitivity of 81%, RDTs missed almost one-fifth of VL patients that were positive in IFAT. We conclude that RDTs in VL patients do not possess adequate performance in southern Iran and require some improvement, but they can still be helpful in the diagnosis and screening of the disease in this region due to their high specificity and speed.
MiRNA-196-5p Promotes Proliferation and Migration in Cholangiocarcinoma via HAND1/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Chao , Li Yanli , Zhang Lichao , Zhang Pei , Yu Ning , Liu Xuefang , Lu Huaihai , Du Haiming , Hou Senlin
Published: April 2022

Accumulating evidence has indicated the crucial role of microRNA-196 in mediating tumor progression, while its significance in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains unclear. In this study, we provided the first evidence that the expression level of miR-196-5p is elevated in both CCA cell lines and clinic specimen. MiR-196-5p inhibition notably suppressed cell proliferation as well as metastasis in CCA cell line HuCCT1. Furthermore, the interaction between miR-196-5p and its downstream molecule HAND1 was verified. Moreover, a series of rescue assay verified that both HAND1 and β-catenin silencing could reverse the abnormal elevated cell proliferation and migration brought by miR-196-5p elevation, indicating that HAND1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation is essential for miR-196-5p to exert its roles. In summary, we successfully depict the oncogenic role of miR-196-5p in promoting cell proliferation and migration in CCA via HAND1/Wnt/β-catenin axis.
15-Year-Old Patient with an Unusual Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor of Ovary
Authors: Serife Kaçar , Karampelas Stavros , Hottat Nathalie , Devalck Christine , Vanden Houte Katherina
Published: April 2022

Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) are extremely rare ovarian sex-cord stromal tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) production by SLCTs is a rare event generally linked to the presence of hepatocytes or intestinal mucinous epithelium as heterologous elements. We report here a case of a 15-year-old female complaining about abdominal pain, constipation, and spaniomenorrhea with high level of serum AFP leading to a clinical suspicion of malignant germ cell tumor. Final histopathological diagnosis was a moderately differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary with alpha-fetoprotein-producing cells without hepatocytic or intestinal epithelium differentiation. NGS analysis showed mutation in DICER1 gene. SLCTs occur in patients at any age with a mean age of 25 years. The presence of alpha-fetoprotein-producing cells is an important tool in the differential diagnosis of germ cell tumors and challenging in this case of SLCT because of its rarity in this context. An adequate sampling and exhaustive immunohistochemical analyses are mandatory to make the correct differential diagnosis and confirm the presence of alpha-fetoprotein-producing cells and also define the differentiation because of therapeutic strategies between conservative surgery and/or chemotherapy.
Influence of Bicarbonates and Salt on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Meatloaf
Authors: Jaico Tracy , Prabhakar Himanshu , Adhikari Koushik , Singh Rakesh K. , Mohan Anand
Published: April 2022

The changing consumer attitude toward meat products warrants innovation. Recent years have seen a continuous rise in the consumer demand for ready-to-eat meat products that trigger innovations in the manufacture of restructured meat products. This study was designed to develop meatloaf with the intention of using the downgraded stream of trimmed meat and meat by-products, which are known to contain a higher quantity of connecting tissue that causes tenderness issues, moisture retention, mouthfeel, and perceived food quality. The physicochemical effects of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and salt alone or in combination on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of cooked ground beef were investigated. The results obtained showed that cooked ground beef without salt had the lowest cooked yield. Instrumental textural and sensory analysis revealed that bicarbonate-treated meatloaf samples exhibited significantly better sensory and textural properties than the control (

p
 
≤
0.05

). Internal cooked color data revealed that meatloaf treated with sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate had a pinkish-red appearance with a significantly higher a

∗

value (

p
 
≤
0.05

). The findings provide evidence that inclusion of bicarbonates had a significant tenderizing and juiciness effects with improved sensory attributes of the meatloaf. The evidence presented clearly shows the potential of bicarbonate and salt will exert synergistic effects and improve eating quality and textural and sensorial attributes of meatloaf and other meat products.
A Modified Porous Sponge with Selective Ability for Oil Removal from Oil-Water Mixtures
Authors: Cheng Junjie , Hu Jie , Wang Jiawei , Huang Zefei , Ye Baoqian
Published: April 2022

As oil and chemical spills pose a significant threat to the water environment, the need to develop efficient sorbent materials to remove oil and organic pollutants from water has arisen. This study aimed to develop a simple modification scheme to impart oil and water selective absorption capacity to a common three-dimensional porous material. Commercially available polyurethane sponges were used as the base material, and vinyl silica aerogel particles were loaded onto the sponges using polydimethylsiloxane as an adhesion agent. As a result, the water contact angle of the modified sponge increased from 118° to 149.2°, and the water absorption decreased from 106.5 g/g to 0.2 g/g; it could absorb oil in oil-water mixtures without absorbing water and maintain an excellent level of selective absorption ability after 20 cycles. This modification scheme is easy to operate and robust and is a scheme of practical application.
Dynamic Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging versus Ultrasonic Diffused Optical Tomography in Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Xue Feng , Jiang Jie
Published: April 2022

Objective. To compare the application value of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonic diffused optical tomography (DOT) in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods. The clinical data of 110 female patients with breast diseases treated in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were selected for the retrospective analysis, and the patients were divided into the benign lesion group (n = 50) and breast cancer group (n = 60) according to the pathologic findings. All patients received dynamic enhanced MRI and ultrasonic DOT examinations for the observation of lesion morphology and analysis of relevant parameters, so as to scientifically evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic enhanced MRI and ultrasonic DOT for early breast cancer. Results. The dynamic enhanced MRI examination found that the proportions of irregular shape, increased vascular shadow, obscure boundary, spicule sign, heterogeneous enhancement, etc. of lesion were significantly higher in the breast cancer group than in the benign lesion group (

P
<
0.05

); parameters such as Ktrans, Kep, and Ve were significantly higher in the breast cancer group than in the benign lesion group (

P
<
0.05

); the ultrasonic DOT diagnosis found that the THC value was obviously lower in the benign lesion group than in the breast cancer group (

P
<
0.05

); compared with the pathologic findings, it was believed that combined diagnosis had significantly higher diagnosis accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value than the dynamic enhanced MRI and ultrasonic DOT diagnosis alone (

P
<
0.05

); and after further analyzing the efficacy of the two diagnosis modalities in diagnosing early breast cancer by ROC curves, the result showed combined diagnosis > dynamic enhanced MRI > ultrasonic DOT. Conclusion. Both dynamic enhanced MRI and ultrasonic DOT present higher diagnostic value to early breast cancer, of which dynamic enhanced MRI obtains results closer to the pathologic findings and has diagnostic efficacy higher than ultrasonic DOT. But the combination of the two can significantly improve the diagnosis accuracy rate for early breast cancer, presenting higher diagnostic value.