bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tackling human and animal health threats through innovative vaccinology in Africa
Authors: Warimwe George M. , Purushotham Jyothi , Perry Brian D. , Hill Adrian V.S. , Gilbert Sarah C. , Dungu Baptiste , Charleston Bryan
Published: November 2018

Africa bears the brunt of many of the world’s most devastating human and animal infectious diseases, a good number of which have no licensed or effective vaccines available. The continent’s potential to generate novel interventions against these global health threats is however largely untapped. Strengthening Africa’s vaccine research and development (R&D) sector could accelerate discovery, development and deployment of effective countermeasures against locally prevalent infectious diseases, many of which are neglected and have the capacity to spread to new geographical settings. Here, we review Africa’s human and veterinary vaccine R&D sectors and identify key areas that should be prioritized for investment, and synergies that could be exploited from Africa’s veterinary vaccine industry, which is surprisingly strong and has close parallels with human vaccine R&D.
Eco’s “latratus canis”: A memory of the backstage
Authors: Marmo Costantino
Published: November 2018

The paper describes the collaboration between Umberto Eco and his students Roberto Lambertini, Costantino Marmo, and Andrea Tabarroni resulting in the joint article “Latratus canis” (“On animal language in the medieval classification of signs”).
Adapting mealtimes to residents with dysphagia
Authors: Morris Heather
Published: November 2018

Swallowing difficulties are relatively common in older people: many care home residents have dysphagia, which presents a challenge for time-pressed care staff, especially around mealtimes and medicine management. Heather Morris advises.
Not for sale: understanding and preventing bribery
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2018

It is good practice to maintain business relationships by taking clients out for dinner or sending gifts, but an accusation of bribery can be easily made if this is not done appropriately. Adam Bernstein explains what homes should do to prevent bribery.
Assessing and managing risk in complex organisations
Authors: Hinde John
Published: November 2018

Risk is a part of every business, but in large organisations, such as care home groups, the amount of risk can get out of hand and a business can find itself unable to cope. John Hinde explains which steps to take to make sure an organisation is protected.
Schools told to cut down data collection burden for teachers
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: November 2018

DfE and Ofsted ask heads to have fewer data collection points across the year and to scrap onerous behaviour logging practices
Leukocytes Description of Mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) of Barito River Estuary, Desa Tanipah, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Santoso Heri Budi , Hidayaturrahmah Hidayaturrahmah , Muhamat Muhamat
Published: November 2018

Leukocytes have an important role in driving away infections from pathogen microorganism by phagocytosis together with macrophages. The aim of this research was to analyze the leukocytes’ differentiation (eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil, lymphocytes, and monocytes) of mudskipper‘s blood (Periophthalmodon schlosseri). Samples were taken from desa Tanipah Kalimantan Selatan. The sampling locations were decided by purposive or taking the data intentionally according to the consideration of mudskipper‘s location which is not homogenous. The data collection were conducted using Line Transect which means the sample was taken according to how many encounters can be taken. There were 15 mudskippers taken from Desa Tanipah used in this research. The parameter observed wasthe differentiation of leukocytes which consists of the percentages of monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophil, basophil, and heterophil. The result showed that the percentage of lymphocytes in mudskippers is 62+4,1%  and monocytes 24,7+0,8%, and the  neutrophil is 0,5+0,1% and eosinophil 0,6+0,1% and no basophils were found. According to the  result, it can be concluded that lymphocytesis the most dominant one amongst others.
Quercetin: the bioactive compound from Allium cepa L. as anti-inflammation based on in silico screening
Authors: Amin Mohamad , Putra Kurniawan Setia , Amin Ihya Fakhrurizal , Earlia Nanda , Maulina Dina , Lukiati Betty , Lestari Umie
Published: November 2018

Inflammation is a tissue injury that occurs due to physical trauma or microbiological substances that involve the activities of many cell types. Inflammation can be prevented using the natural medicines from Allium cepa L. Quercetin is one of the bioactive compounds found in Allium cepa L and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The natural medicines have been used to minimize non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aims to investigated the modeling structures and the protein receptor from quecertin in inflammation mechanism and their optimization of the effectiveness in the human body. The bioinformatics tools used in this study are the database of quercetin compounds, Pubchem and Swis Target Prediction protein prediction databases, PyRx 0.8 molecular docking software, ligand docking, and binding site analysis with PyMOL and LigPlus software. The results from in silico show that quercetin compounds can interact with Muscleblind-like protein 1 target protein with a Binding Affinity minus value which is not much different from the dexamethasone compound. Dexamethason is a standart because it is a corticosteroid drug that can be used as an anti-inflammatory to reduce inflammation, allergic reactions, arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Stability of T-DNA Integration in Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien” Transgenic Orchid Carrying 35S::Gal4::AtRKD4::GR
Authors: Semiarti Endang , Mursyanti Exsyupransia , Suyoko Ahmad , Perdana Faiza Senja Widya , Widyastuti Catharina Tri , Subchan Aditya Nur
Published: November 2018

Orchid is an elegant ornamental plant and favoured by the society. Phalaenopsis "Sogo vivien" is a mini-sized orchid with an interesting white-striped purple petals. This study was aimed to analyze the stability of the integration of embryonic gene carrier T-DNA from Arabidobsis AtRKD4 into the P. "Sogo vivien" genome produced in 2016. The study was conducted in 3 stages: 1) Transgenic plant phenotype analysis (1 year old); 2) Examination of T-DNA integration in orchid genotypes using PCR. 3) Analysis of transgenic plant leaf explants’ ability to produce somatic embryo in vitro. In vitro cultures were performed on the base medium of New Phalaenopsis (NP), plus various concentrations of TDZ (0, 1, 2 mg.L-1) and IBA (0, 1, 2 mg.L-1) or without TDZ and IBA as controls. The transgenic Phalaenopsis ‘Sogo vivien’ were transferred to pot mediums via ex vitro with two treatments: the first leaves were cut as explants for in vitro culture, and the plants were transferred to the mixture of fern medium with shavings of bark. The integration of T-DNA in the genome was detected by DNA genome amplification from the second leaves using the AtRKD4 gene primers and the POH1 gene. The results showed that the highest number of somatic embryo (SE) propagules or protocorm like bodies (PLBs) amounted to 27 were derived from transgenic plant # 2 cultured on NP + 2 mg.L-1 TDZ +1 mg.L-1 IBA medium. The presence of AtRKD4 transgenes were detected with the amplification of 380 bp of the RKD4 gene from the genome of transgenic plant # 2 by using PCR. There were 2 out of 15 plants that positively carry the AtRKD4 gene and produce SE. Thus, the stability of the AtRKD4 carrier T-DNA integration in the genomes of transgenic plants was 13.3%.
Development of GABAergic Inputs Is Not Altered in Early Maturation of Adult Born Dentate Granule Neurons in Fragile X Mice
Authors: Remmers Christine L. , Contractor Anis
Published: November 2018

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation and the most common known cause of autism. Loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in mice (Fmr1KO) leads to altered synaptic and circuit maturation in the hippocampus that is correlated with alterations in hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Previous studies have demonstrated that loss of FMRP increased the rate of proliferation of progenitor cells and altered their fate specification in adultFmr1KO mice. While these studies clearly demonstrate a role for FMRP in adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, it is not known whether the functional synaptic maturation and integration of adult-born dentate granule cells (abDGCs) into hippocampal circuits is affected inFmr1KO mice. Here, we used retroviral labeling to birthdate abDGCs inFmr1KO mice which allowed us to perform targeted patch clamp recording to measure the development of synaptic inputs to these neurons at precise time points after differentiation. The frequency and amplitude of spontaneous GABAergic events increased over the first three weeks after differentiation; however, this normal development of GABAergic synapses was not altered inFmr1KO mice. Furthermore, the relatively depolarized GABA reversal potential (EGABA) in immature abDGCs was unaffected by loss of FMRP as was the development of dendritic arbor of the adult generated neurons. These studies systematically characterized the functional development of abDGCs during the first four weeks after differentiation and demonstrate that the maturation of GABAergic synaptic inputs to these neurons is not grossly affected by the loss of FMRP.
3DMorph Automatic Analysis of Microglial Morphology in Three Dimensions fromEx VivoandIn VivoImaging
Authors: York Elisa M. , LeDue Jeffrey M. , Bernier Louis-Philippe , MacVicar Brian A.
Published: November 2018

Microglia are dynamic immune cells of the central nervous system, and their morphology is commonly used as a readout of cellular function. However, current morphological analysis techniques rely on either tracing of cells or two-dimensional projection analysis, which are time-consuming, subject to bias, and may ignore important three-dimensional (3D) information. Therefore, we have created 3DMorph, a MATLAB-based script that analyzes microglial morphology from 3D data. The program initially requires input of threshold levels, cell size expectations, and preferred methods of skeletonization. This makes 3DMorph easily scalable and adaptable to different imaging parameters or cell types. After these settings are defined, the program is completely automatic and can batch process files without user input. Output data includes cell volume, territorial volume, branch length, number of endpoints and branch points, and average distance between cells. We show that 3DMorph is accurate compared to manual tracing, with significantly decreased user input time. Importantly, 3DMorph is capable of processingin vivomicroglial morphology, as well as other 3D branching cell types, from mouse cranial windows or acute hippocampal slices. Therefore, we present a novel, user-friendly, scalable, and semiautomatic method of analyzing cell morphology in 3 dimensions. This method should improve the accuracy of cell measurements, remove user bias between conditions, increase reproducibility between experimenters and labs, and reduce user input time. We provide this open source code on GitHub so that it is free and accessible to all investigators.
Music Lessons on Affect and Its Objects
Authors: Grant Roger Mathew
Published: November 2018

This article places the recent turn to affect into conversation with a parallel movement that took place in eighteenth-century music theory. Because theorists in that period struggled to explain how music functioned as a sign, they began to propose an alternative, materialist theory of vibrational attunement in order to account for music’s affective power. By refracting contemporary affect theory through this historical antecedent, the essay argues for renewed attention to the objects in the world that generate affects in subjects.
Somatic mutations in adrenocortical carcinoma with primary aldosteronism or hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Mouat Isobel C , Omata Kei , McDaniel Andrew S , Hattangady Namita G , Talapatra Debnita , Cani Andi K , Hovelson Daniel H , Tomlins Scott A , Rainey William E , Hammer Gary D , Giordano Thomas J , Else Tobias
Published: November 2018

Several somatic mutations specific to aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) have been described. A small proportion of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are associated with hyperaldosteronism, either primary aldosteronism or hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism. However, it is unknown whether they harbor mutations of the same spectrum as APAs. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical phenotype and molecular genotype of ACCs with hyperaldosteronism, particularly the analysis for common APA-associated genetic changes. Patients were identified by retrospective chart review at a specialized referral center and by positive staining for CYP11B2 of tissue microarrays. Twenty-five patients with ACC and hyperaldosteronism were initially identified by retrospective chart review, and tissue for further analysis was available on 13 tumors. Seven patients were identified by positive staining for CYP11B2 in a tissue microarray, of which two were already identified in the initial chart review. Therefore, a total number of 18 patients with a diagnosis of ACC and features of either primary aldosteronism or hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism were therefore included in the final study. Mutational status for a select list of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and genes known to carry mutations in APAs were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Review of clinical data suggested autonomous aldosterone production in the majority of cases, while for some cases, hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism was the more likely mechanism. The mutational landscape of ACCs associated with hyperaldosteronism was not different from ACCs with a different hormonal phenotype. None of the ACCs harbored mutations of known APA-associated genes, suggesting an alternative mechanism conferring aldosterone production.
Knowledge, awareness, and attitudes to breast cancer among school teachers in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Yaya Solomon Tabat , Abuaisha Asmaa Mahmoud , Samson Joseph Gyutorwa , Serakinci Nedime
Published: November 2018

Objectives: To investigate the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of school teachers towards breast cancer in Kaduna metropolis.

Methods: A survey of school teachers aged 20 – 65 years was conducted in both public and private schools in Kaduna metropolis. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data.

Results: Out of the 997 participants, mean age 40.69 (SD = 12.09) years. Of all the participants, 259 (26.0%) were males, and 738 (74.0%) were females. The role of a teacher in disseminating information or knowledge cannot be overemphasized. Because of that crucial role they play thus makes it necessary that they have the right information so that they can transfer such to their students or wards. The children today represents the young generation that is growing. It will be good if they have the right knowledge about breast cancer concerning what breast cancer is, what causes it, knowledge of signs and symptoms, and what measures to take to prevent or treat it.

Conclusion: This study shows that there is breast cancer awareness but there is low in-depth knowledge about the disease. There is low knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms, low response to breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography. Educational health programs can be organized to help create more awareness and knowledge about breast cancer which has the potential to help the public in making informed decisions thereby reducing the incidence of this disease.
The Public Health Impact of Parent-Reported Childhood Food Allergies in the United States
Authors: Gupta Ruchi S. , Warren Christopher M. , Smith Bridget M. , Blumenstock Jesse A. , Jiang Jialing , Davis Matthew M. , Nadeau Kari C.
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND:

Childhood food allergy (FA) is a life-threatening chronic condition that substantially impairs quality of life. This large, population-based survey estimates childhood FA prevalence and severity of all major allergenic foods. Detailed allergen-specific information was also collected regarding FA management and health care use.

METHODS:

A survey was administered to US households between 2015 and 2016, obtaining parent-proxy responses for 38 408 children. Prevalence estimates were based on responses from NORC at the University of Chicago’s nationally representative, probability-based AmeriSpeak Panel (51% completion rate), which were augmented by nonprobability-based responses via calibration weighting to increase precision. Prevalence was estimated via weighted proportions. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate FA predictors.

RESULTS:

Overall, estimated current FA prevalence was 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 7.1%–8.1%) after excluding 4% of children whose parent-reported FA reaction history was inconsistent with immunoglobulin E–mediated FA. The most prevalent allergens were peanut (2.2%), milk (1.9%), shellfish (1.3%), and tree nut (1.2%). Among food-allergic children, 42.3% reported ≥1 severe FA and 39.9% reported multiple FA. Furthermore, 19.0% reported ≥1 FA-related emergency department visit in the previous year and 42.0% reported ≥1 lifetime FA-related emergency department visit, whereas 40.7% had a current epinephrine autoinjector prescription. Prevalence rates were higher among African American children and children with atopic comorbidities.

CONCLUSIONS:

FA is a major public health concern, affecting ∼8% of US children. However, >11% of children were perceived as food-allergic, suggesting that the perceived disease burden may be greater than previously acknowledged.
Riesgo de lesiones neurológicas en neonatos sometidos a reanimación neonatal
Authors: Ramírez Villegas Tatiana , Sirias Wong Isabel
Published: November 2018

En la actualidad, entre el 5% y 10% de los recién nacidos son reanimados al momento de su nacimiento o necesitan algún tipo de asistencia; por lo general, requieren hospitalizarse en una unidad especializada, por lo tanto, se necesitará personal especializado considerando que sus habilidades y competencias juegan un papel destacado en el crecimiento y desarrollo del infante, quien -luego de un proceso de reanimación- se expone a una serie de riesgos que se pueden reflejar en su salud con secuelas a corto y largo plazo, con mayor riesgo en cuanto a mortalidad y en morbilidad, por ejemplo en lo que respecta a plastia cerebral y habilidades intelectuales durante el desarrollo. El objetivo es analizar la mejor evidencia científica disponible en cuanto al riesgo de sufrir lesiones neurológicas en los neonatos que fueron expuestos a reanimación neonatal. Para lograrlo, se aplicará la metodología de enfermería basada en la evidencia, desarrollada a partir de cinco pasos: 1. Planteamiento de la pregunta clínica 2. Búsqueda en bases de datos 3. Análisis crítico de la evidencia 4. Transferencia de la evidencia 5. Evaluación.
Efectividad en la ganancia de peso de los recién nacidos pretérmino de bajo peso expuestos a nutrición parenteral
Authors: Vargas Hernández Jeylin , Morales Montero María Ángeles
Published: November 2018

El recién nacido pretérmino (RNPT) tiene necesidades nutricionales muy altas que afectan la ganancia de peso luego del nacimiento, situación por la que inicia la nutrición parenteral mientras logra adecuarse a una nutrición enteral que beneficie aún más su crecimiento y desarrollo y que evite complicaciones futuras. Se ha discutido suficiente sobre el tema de la nutrición parenteral, lo que ha llevado a los profesionales en salud a buscar la mejor evidencia científica que avale su quehacer. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la mejor evidencia científica disponible respecto de la efectividad en la ganancia de peso de los recién nacidos pretérminos, menores de 37 semanas con peso menor de 1500 gramos, expuestos a nutrición parenteral en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. La metodología que se aplicará para desarrollar este protocolo es la práctica clínica basada en evidencia, que consta de cinco pasos: pregunta clínica, búsqueda de evidencia científica, análisis crítico de la evidencia, transferencia de la evidencia y evaluación de la transferencia de la evidencia.
Estrategias de atención en salud útiles para prevenir las infecciones nosocomiales en neonatos hospitalizados
Authors: Hidalgo Retana Max
Published: November 2018

Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS), también denominadas infecciones nosocomiales, son contraídas durante un tratamiento médico o quirúrgico en un centro de atención en salud y pueden afectar a cualquier tipo de personas, entre quienes se destaca a los neonatos hospitalizados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, más susceptibles de adquirirlas por factores de riesgo que los hacen más vulnerables a contraerlas, tales como prematuridad, bajo peso al nacer, inmadurez del sistema inmune, ventilación mecánica prolongada, colocación de catéteres centrales y urinarios, inicio tardío de la lactancia materna por problemas congénitos, procedimientos invasivos, entre otros. El objetivo de este trabajo analizar la mejor evidencia científica disponible respecto de las estrategias de atención en salud que han sido útiles y se aplican a los neonatos hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para la prevención de las infecciones nosocomiales, 2018. Se aplica los pasos sugeridos para la revisión breve (práctica clínica basada en la evidencia) que inicia con el planteamiento de la pregunta clínica, seguido de búsqueda de la información, análisis crítico, transferencia y evaluación.
La educación para la salud en la adolescencia temprana para afrontar los cambios físicos y emocionales
Authors: Fernández Arias María José , Marín Sanabria Vanessa
Published: November 2018

La etapa de la adolescencia se caracteriza por gran cantidad de cambios que se concentran en diferentes áreas, como la física, psicológica y emocional, según las subetapas que vayan afrontando. La educación en salud para el adolescente constituye una problemática para la atención pública y un desafío para la actuación de la enfermería, principalmente porque se trata de una etapa de la vida marcada por intensas transformaciones y grandes influencias socioculturales que perduran desde la pubertad hasta la vida adulta. Un acompañamiento apropiado para la edad, por parte de profesionales capacitados, es la clave para reducir factores de riesgo de la etapa para que los adolescentes se sientan seguros de sí y de la forma en que afrontarlos. El objetivo de esta revisión breve es analizar la mejor evidencia científica disponible respecto de la educación para la salud respecto de los cambios en la adolescencia temprana, impartida por enfermería para mejorar el afrontamiento del adolescente ante dichos cambios. Se utilizó como metodología la práctica clínica basada en la evidencia: inicialmente, se planteó una pregunta clínica de tipo pronóstico, así como objetivos acordes a esta, con base en los que se identificó un conjunto de descriptores a partir de los que se realizó la búsqueda de evidencia científica en diferentes bases de datos.
Mortalidade infantil por causas evitáveis em capital do nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Antunes de Araujo Filho Augusto Cezar , Magalhães Sales Isabela Maria , Almeida Priscilla Dantas , Lages de Araujo Anna Karolina , Rocha Silvana Santiago da
Published: November 2018

O objetivo desta investigação foi descrever a ocorrência da mortalidade infantil, segundo causas evitáveis. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, realizado com dados sobre a mortalidade infantil no período de 2008 a 2014, em Teresina-PI. A população foi constituída por dados secundários disponíveis no site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Realizou-se a análise estatística descritiva, com distribuição de frequência absoluta e relativa. Do total de óbitos infantis registrados em Teresina-PI, a maioria, 1.108 (71,8%), foi classificada como evitável. Dentre esses óbitos, grande parte poderia ser evitável por meio de ações de saúde mais efetivas durante a atenção à mulher na gestação (56,8%), à mulher no parto (16,8%) e a assistência ao recém-nascido (13,4%). Conclusão: Apesar da diminuição da taxa de mortalidade no período estudado, os percentuais ainda encontram-se elevados, principalmente no que tange às mortes por causas evitáveis
Taxa de mortalidade por infarto cerebral na macrorregião sudoeste do Estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Souza Júnior Edison Vitório de , Jesus Mariana Alves Soledade de , Bezerra Cristian Lucas dos Santos , Rosa Randson Souza , Boery Eduardo Nagib , Boery Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a taxa de mortalidade por Infarto Cerebral na macrorregião Sudoeste da Bahia, Brasil entre 2012 a 2016. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico descritivo baseado no banco de dados secundários do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Coletaram-se as variáveis: sexo, faixa etária e raça/cor. Foi selecionada a taxa de mortalidade baseada nas categorias I63.0 a I63.9 do Capítulo IX da 10ª Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde. Os dados foram apresentados por meio de estatística descritiva com coeficiente de mortalidade por 100.000 habitantes. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maior taxa ocorreu em 2012 (27,17%), em pessoas autodeclaradas pretas (20%), sexo masculino (29,7%) e com faixa etária entre 35 e 39 anos (75%). Conclui-se que a taxa de mortalidade no Sudoeste da Bahia declinou a partir de 2012 com menor mortalidade em 2013, mantendo assim, um novo paradigma.
Uso de macro dosis de oxitocina en mujeres con óbito fetal
Authors: Hernández González Ana Marcela , Jiménez Calderón Fabiana
Published: November 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la mejor evidencia científica disponible sobre el uso de macro dosis de oxitocina comparado con dosis estándar en mujeres que presentaron óbito fetal en el año 2017.  Las acciones profesionales obstétricas para la atención en los partos varían ampliamente entre los diferentes países, entre las diferentes instituciones nacionales y los diferentes equipos encargados de dicha atención.  El realizar investigación en el campo de obstetricia nos permite determinar cuáles son las mejores acciones basadas en la evidencia científica y de esta manera ofrecer una atención de calidad a la usuaria gestante. Para realizar el estudio se aplicó la metodología de Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia; se inició con la elaboración de la pregunta clínica seguido por búsqueda de información en las bases de datos científicas como MEDLINE, COCHRANE, SCIENCIE DIRECT, TRIPDATA BASE, SCIELO y PUBMED. La búsqueda en todas las bases de datos recuperó un total de 2 548 artículos, los cuales fueron revisados cuidadosamente por título y abstract. Al finalizar, se recuperó un artículo el cual fue objeto de análisis crítico.  Se concluye que la mejor evidencia disponible es insuficiente para dar respuesta fiable a la pregunta clínica establecida sobre el tema.
Impacto dos fatores associados à sintomatologia depressiva na saúde de idosos em hemodiálise
Authors: Souza Júnior Edison Vitório de , Brito Suziane De Aguiar , Rosa Randson Souza , Boery Eduardo Nagib , Boery Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

O objetivo desse estudo é conhecer o impacto dos fatores associados à sintomatologia depressiva na saúde de idosos em hemodiálise. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada em junho de 2017 com artigos selecionados por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Foram utilizadas duas combinações de descritores. A primeira foi: Associação; Depressão; Idoso e Diálise Renal. Em seguida, utilizou-se a segunda combinação: Depressão; Diálise renal e Idoso, fazendo-se uso da inter-relação do operador booleano and. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados em língua portuguesa e inglesa entre 2007 e 2017, ser artigo gratuito e disponível eletronicamente, ter idosos como limite da pesquisa, ter transtorno depressivo maior e depressão como assuntos principais, além de possuir conteúdo relevante para responder o objetivo deste estudo. Após a aplicação dos critérios, selecionou-se 9 artigos, sendo que 8 (88,9%) estão indexados da MEDLINE e 1 (11,1%) na LILACS. Encontrou-se 4 fatores: anorexia, síndrome das pernas inquietas, prurido urêmico e desemprego. Os sintomas depressivos configuram-se nas comorbidades mais frequentes em pacientes em hemodiálise. Além disso, podem estar associados a maior risco de complicações dialíticas e cardiovasculares, au­mento da morbimortalidade, não adesão terapêutica e redução da qualidade de vida, tornando a incidência de suicídio dez vezes maior em relação à população geral. Conclui-se que há necessidade de fortalecimento da vigilância da equipe profissional para que esteja atenta às manifestações psiquiátricas com o objetivo de realizar o diagnóstico precoce e evitar maiores impactos.
Conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la normativa de transfusión de hemocomponentes
Authors: Vargas Zeidy Maria , Calderon  Rios Angie
Published: November 2018

Este artículo es la primera parte de una investigación, el objetivo fue evaluar el conocimiento y cumplimiento de la normativa establecida para la transfusión de hemocomponentes en un hospital Clase A de la Seguridad Social en  Costa Rica por parte de enfermeras (os). Se contó con una población de 206 enfermeras (os) que laboran en los servicios de medicina, cirugía, ginecología, maternidad, neurocirugía, unidad de cuidado intensivo médico y quirúrgico.  La muestra fue estratificada de 124 participantes. La investigación es cuantitativa, transversal/retrospectivo. Se utilizó un instrumento autoadministrado para la recolección de datos con los aspectos de la normativa transfusional; para el análisis de datos se utilizó el sistema Surveymonkey. Los resultados evidenciaron que existe un porcentaje importante de enfermeras (os) que desconocen aspectos básicos de la normativa institucional para la transfusión sanguínea. Se concluye que es necesario socializar la normativa, de manera que se ofrezca seguridad al usuario y enfermeras (os) en el proceso transfusional.
The Principles of the Prof Momtchil Dobrev’s “Financially banking resource-based technological mafia-driven materialism” – element of the Momtchil Dobrev’s “Theory and praxis of Mafiotismus”
Authors: Dobrev-Halachev Lord Prof. PhD PhD Momtchil
Published: November 2018

Lord prof PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev developed 2010 “Financially banking resource-based technological mafia-driven materialism” as a based principle materialismus since more than 17 century.08 “Theory of generating of crises “, 2010 “Theory and praxice of the Mafiotismus” and 2001 “Theory of the mafia”. Based on these two theories  this paper  explane   the establishment of the mafiotismus all over the world – principles, theory and praxis  in European Union , European Commission and  in the Republic Bulgaria
Prehistoric innovations: Wheels and wheeled vehicles
Authors: Bondár Mária
Published: November 2018

Two of the most significant innovations of the fourth millennium BC were the invention of the wheel and of wheeled vehicles, which led to other major innovations during the Late Copper Age. Discussed here are the major milestones and advances in research on wheeled vehicles, problems of dating, and the issues relating to the actual place of the invention of wheeled vehicles as well as the fruitful collaboration between various analytical disciplines and archaeology concerned with the study of wheels and early wheeled vehicles.

I have collected the finds relating to wheels and wheeled vehicles. It would appear that the invention of the wheel and of wheeled conveyances occurred in different centres. Even though we are unable to date the creation of the very first vehicle to the year, it seems quite certain that wheeled vehicles appeared more or less simultaneously in several regions in the fourth millennium BC.
ʻEques super ripam danuvii’ – Notes on CIL III 3676
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: November 2018

In his paper the author deals with the famous verse inscription CIL III 3676 that described an event in Pannonia in 118 AD during Emperor Hadrian’s visit. Based on the thorough examination of the very long manuscript tradition of the text the lost epitaph was most probably erected in/or around Rome and never belonged to Pannonian inscriptions. It seems there was an earlier unknown Italian and British line of the tradition but the archetypus (x) remains unknown. The author also intends to point out that the Batavian rider cannot surely be called Soranus. This adjective refers rather to the findspot, Sora near Rome. The question of the rider’s name und his unit must remain unsolved. The poem was attributed to Emperor Hadrian latest from the Late Antiquity.
Development, implementation & evaluation of a leadership course for healthcare professionals: A pilot study in India
Authors: Chari Suresh , Deshpande Saee , Gade Shubhada , Date Kalpana , Karemore Tapasya , Wilkinson Anne
Published: November 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Leadership training in medical education is extremely important for faculty as they are not formally trained for the same and yet they have to assume leadership roles in verious capacities in their professional life. This paper describes stages in developement and implementation of one such leadership course in a healhcare institute in India, involving faculty from diverse specialities. The short term outcomes such as participants reactions and changes in attitudes was evaluated. Overall it was well received by the participants.
La Ausencia (The Absence)
Authors: Greene Ricardo
Published: November 2018

Set to unravel the central yet invisible place of female domestic workers in Chilean culture, this film departs on a journey through time and space, exploring the production and reproduction of family memories through photo albums and the uses of space. Walking across the different rooms of a particular home, La Ausencia aims to unlock the stories fixed in its walls.

This micro-expedition raises questions regarding the limits of memory, the sense of place, the uses of photography and the fussiness of kinship, through which it finally conveys the concealed and blurred situation in which domestic workers are usually immersed in Latin America.
Entry Points of the Terminal Motor Branches of Common Fibular Nerve in Fetuses
Authors: CANDAN Büşra , ALBAY Soner
Published: November 2018

Objective: The aim of this
study was to describe the course of the common fibular nerve and its terminal
branches with a special emphasis on the entry points of the motor branches on
fetal cadavers. 

Material and Methods: In
this study, 200 limbs from 100 embalmed fetuses (54 males and 46 females) were
studied. Location and the entry points of the motor of terminal branches of common
fibular nerve were observed via dissection. The distances from bifurcation of common
fibular nerve to the lateral epicondyle and lateral malleolus were measured.
Distances between the entry points of the motor branches of the anterior and
lateral muscles of the leg and lateral malleolus were measured. Furthermore, we
examined the course of the superficial fibular nerve and measured the distance
between the bifurcation level of superficial fibular nerve and the lateral malleolus.

Findings:  We found that all parameters were increased
with age during the fetal period (p<0.05). There was no significant
difference between genders for any parameter (p>0.05). The difference in the
number of the entry points of the motor branches among the anterior and lateral
muscles of the leg was statistically significant. Superficial fibular nerve coursed
only in the lateral compartment of the leg in 77.5% of the cases, and both in
the anterior and lateral compartments in 22.5%.

Conclusion: The present
study has revealed the course of common fibular nerve and location of the entry
points of the motor branches of its branches during the fetal period. Hopefully,
the present study will provide useful base for further studies.
Epigallokateşin-3- gallat uygulamasına bağlı olarak kronik miyeloid lösemi hücrelerinde genetik ve epigenetik otofaji regülatörlerinin ekspresyon değişimlerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BİRAY AVCI Çığır , GÖKER BAĞCA Bakiye
Published: November 2018

Amaç:
Kronik miyeloid lösemi, Bcr-Abl1 füzyon tirozin kinazının oluşumu aktivitesi
ile tanımlanır. Füzyon proteinini hedefleyen inhibitörün keşfi sağ kalım
oranlarında büyük artış meydana getirmiştir. Ancak bu inhibitöre karşı direnç
gelişimi yeni terapi hedeflerinin belirlenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Otofaji,
güncel kanser araştırmalarında dikkat çekici bir iki yönlü hedeftir. Kanser
hücrelerini stres koşullarına adapte etmeyi sağladığı için genellikle
otofajinin inhibisyou hedeflenmektedir. Epigallokateşin-3-gallat yeşil çayda
bulunan temel bir fitokimyasaldır. mikroRNA’lar gibi epigenetik regülatörlerin
üzerindeki etkinliği tedavide olduğu kadar hastaların beslenme önerilerinin
düzenlenmesinde de önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada bir flavanoid olan
epigallokateşin-3-gallatın kronik miyeloid lösemi hücrelerinde otofajiyi
düzenleyen genetik ve epigenetik faktörler üzerindeki etkinliğinin
araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve yöntem: mikroRNA-mRNA
etkileşimini değerlendiren veritabanları kullanılarak otofaji ilişkili genleri
hedefleyen mikroRNA’lar belirlenmiştir. 50 µikromolar Epigallokateşin-3-gallat
uygulanan K-562 hücrelerinde gerçek zamanlı kantitatif PCR yöntemi kullanılarak
otofaji ilişkili genlerin ve bu genleri hedefleyen mikroRNA’ların ekspresyon
seviyeleri belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular:
Epigallokateşin-3-gallat uygulaması K-562 hücrelerinde otofajinin pozitif
regülatörü olan genlerin ekspresyon seviyesinde anlamlı azalışa, bu genleri
hedefleyen mikroRNA’ların ekspresyon seviyelerinde ise anlamlı artışa neden olmuştur.

Sonuç:
Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda epigallokateşin-3-gallatın, kronik miyeloid
lösemi hücrelerinde genetik ve epigenetik regülasyonla otofaji inhibisyonuna
neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Otofajinin çift yönlü mekanizması göz önünde
bulundurulduğunda bu sonuç epigallokateşin-3-gallatın ilaç potansiyeli olma
konusunda olduğu kadar hastaların beslenme şeklinde de önem taşıyan bir
kimyasal olduğu gerçeğini ortaya koymaktadır.
The concept of multi-criteria analysis of decision-making in the current system of health technology assessment in Russia
Authors: Omelyanovsky V. V. , Fedyaeva V. K. , Musina N. Z.
Published: November 2018

In the article, we analyze the current version of Government Regulation No. 871 where the principles of health technologies assessment (HTA) and the reimbursement strategies in Russia have been put forward. We conclude that the HTA methodology in Russia is consistent with the multi-criteria decision analysis. Recommendations on the improvement of the assessment methodology in Regulation No. 871 are provided.
High-frequency bioelectrical activity of the brain in the diagnosis of epilepsy
Authors: Sorokina N. D. , Pertsov S. S. , Selitsky G. V.
Published: November 2018

Recent studies show that the brain gamma activity includes both the gamma rhythm (standard EEG) and high frequency (100-1000 Hz) as well as super-high (>1000 Hz) frequency oscillations, as recorded by electrocorticography. As reported in the literature, the high-frequency oscillations (80-500 Hz) are highly informative markers of an epileptic focus. In this review, we analyze features of high-frequency activity associated with the epileptiform activity, and its relation to the seizure onset range. Further study of high-frequency bioelectric activity of the brain is of interest to researchers and clinicians, and may improve the EEG differential diagnosis of epilepsy.
Sudden unexpected death in genetic epileptic encephalopathies: a role of neurocardiac genes
Authors: Belousova E. D. , Shkolnikova M. A.
Published: November 2018

It is well known that sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is one of the most significant factors of mortality in epileptic patients. There is an increased risk of SUDEP in genetic epileptic encephalopathies (EE), partly because those syndromes are associated with mutations in the “neurocardiac” genes, which have been implicated in both epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmias. In these clinical conditions, functions of ion selective channels (sodium, potassium and etc.) are affected; for example, in children with Dravet syndrome, the risk of SUDEP is 40 times higher than that in children with common epilepsy syndromes. In a murine model of SCN1A epilepsy, a prolongation of QT interval coincided with a seizure; in addition, an excessive excitability of cultured cardiomyocytes was demonstrated. A high risk of SUDEP is characteristic for EE caused by mutation in the SCN8A gene. Other prognostic biomarkers of SUDEP may include mutations in sodium channel genes, such as SCN4A, SCN10A, and SCN11A. Our knowledge about SUDEP associated with potassium channel dysfunctions is still very limited. There are likely some mutations in other genes, that can modify (increase or decrease) the risk of SUDEP in EE. If patients with genetic EE are indeed at a high risk for SUDEP, they must be followed up by cardiologists alongside with neurologists. Provided this hypothesis is proved, any newly diagnosed arrhythmia should be carefully monitored and treated (with medications and/or interventions), in order to improve the survival rate in genetic EE.
Somatoform dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in patients with adrenal incidentalomas
Authors: Sablin Ilya V. , Krasnov Leonid M. , Fedorov Elisey A. , Rusakov Vladimir F.
Published: November 2018

This article is devoted to the analysis of hypertesive crises in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Such patients, as a rule, have no symptoms of primary hyperaldosteronism or Cushing’s syndrome. In the meanwhile, sudden elevation of blood pressure suggests an idea of a pheochromocytoma. However this diagnosis is confirmed further not always. According to the conducted research authors came to a conclusion that crises of arterial hypertension in these patients could be most often caused by idiopathic hypertensia, somatoform disorder and, much more rare, sudden emission of catecholamins in a blood stream by a pheochromocytoma. The results of the analysis show the fact that a diagnostic opinion has been reached correctly doesn’t exclude need of undergoing the complete evaluation of patients.
The importance of a professional standard in clinical pharmacologist’s work in a medical organization
Authors: Burbello Alexandra T. , Fedorenko Anastasiya S. , Sychev Dmitriy A. , Frolov Maxim Y. , Pokladova Maria V. , Zagorodnikova Ksenia A. , Reshetko Olga V. , Ivanova Maria A.
Published: November 2018

The article describes the main functions of a clinical pharmacologist in medico-preventive institution according to the draft “Professional standart “clinical pharmacologist”. The role of clinical pharmacologist and its importance in the work of medical organization according to the orders of Ministry of Health (No 131 of May 05, 1997; No 494 of October 22, 2003; No 575н of November 02, 2012).
Experience in the clinical use of allogeneic fibroblasts in patients with severe burns
Authors: Vagner Denis O. , Zinoviev Evgenij V. , Krylov Konstantin M. , Krylov Pavel K. , Soloshenko Vitalij V. , Kostyakov Denis V. , Yurkevich Yurij V. , Enukashvily Natella I. , Blinova Miral'da I. , Aleksandrova Olga I. , Mikhailova Natalia A.
Published: November 2018

Purpose. To evaluate the results of the application of allogenic fibroblasts in patients with extensive thermal burns.
Methods. The study included 34 patients with burns over 20% TBSA, treated in the burn ICU. In accordance with the indications for transplantation of fibroblasts, all patients were divided into 4 groups: stimulation of regeneration of superficial burns (n = 10), stimulation of regeneration after meshed skin graft (n = 14), reduction of healing time for donor wounds (n = 6) and acceleration growth of granulations after the escharectomy (n = 4).
Results. A positive effect of fibroblast transplantation was found in 7 (70%) patients of the first group, 13 (93%) of the patients in the second group, 2 (33%) of the third group and 2 (50%) in the fourth study group.
Conclusion. The maximum positive effect of transplantation of human dermal fibroblasts can be observed when performing the meshed skin graft and treating the superficial burns.
Electroencephalographic monitoring in the intensive care unit
Authors: Aleksandrov Mikhail V. , Aleksandrova Tatiana V. , Povaliukhina Ekaterina S.
Published: November 2018

EEG performance in the intensive care unit in critically ill patients can be provisionally allocated to a special type of research — EEG of critical states. The article deals with the methodological features of EEG performance in intensive care, as well as general patterns of EEG changes in patients in coma. The analysis of the patterns of the EEG in intensive care unit is described. Parameters of reactivity of the central nervous system are given. An algorithm for describing epileptiform changes is presented. The criteria for the diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus in patients unconscious are discussed, as well as a prognosis of the outcome of a long unconscious state in the presence of epileptiform changes in the EEG. Data on the parameters of periodic patterns are collected, their description and diagnostic criteria are given. The role and possibilities of EEG in the diagnosis of brain death are considered.
Efeitos da Dieta Paleolítica nos Parâmetros Comportamentais, Bioquímicos e Teciduais em Camundongos Sadios
Authors: Siufi Vitoria , Menegheli Bruno Barbato , Souza Marina Martinelli Guimarães de , Calarge Mateus Rocha , Rodrigues Mylena Barbosa , Takatori Mylena Miuki Ogatha , Coll Victor Santos , Hauache Yasmin Merighi , Olivon Vania Claudia , Dourado Doroty M
Published: November 2018

ResumoA obesidade está associada aos riscos para a saúde, devido a sua relação com o aumento da pressão arterial, dos níveis de colesterol e triglicerídeos sanguíneos e também a resistência à insulina. A causa principal da obesidade está intrinsecamente relacionada aos hábitos alimentares e interações do material genético do indivíduo e, também, está ligada aos fatores sociais, ambientais e comportamentais. Atualmente, são utilizadas muitas dietas com diferentes parâmetros, dentre estas a Dieta Paleolítica. A Dieta Paleolítica tem o propósito de usar como classes principais de alimentos: proteínas, vegetais, frutas e gorduras não-industrializadas, excluindo não-inteiramente o consumo de hidratos de carbono, sendo este o grande diferencial da Dieta Paleolítica, quando comparada às dietas modernas para perda de peso. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da dieta paleolítica nos níveis comportamentais em camundongos C57BL/6 sadios. O estudo foi realizado na unidade Uniderp Agrárias, na cidade de Campo Grande – MS. Foram utilizados camundongos C57BL/6, organizados aleatoriamente em oito grupos e foi realizado o monitoramento dos parâmetros comportamentais, de peso e ingesta de ração, pelos períodos de 15 ou 30 dias de tratamento. Os resultados demonstraram que os grupos que receberam a Dieta Paleolítica por 15 ou 30 dias não apresentaram diferença significativa nos parâmetros comportamentais e ingesta de água e ração. Por tanto, é possível concluir que a Dieta Paleolítica não altera o comportamento, o consumo de ração e peso corporal.Palavras-chave: Camundongos. Dieta Rica em Proteínas. Comportamento. Perda de Peso.