bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Retorika Visual: Fotografi Potret Studio
Authors: G.R. Lono Lastoro Simatupang,And Soeprapto Soedjono Irwandi,
Published: February 2018

A study about photography art work in Indonesia is rarely done. Thefact is that the potrait photography discourse in Indonesia is pointed to thecreative process of the creation of the art work and tends to place the potrait photography is more to be a mass product along with its economical value. To fulfill that emptiness, it needs a study which can be used as an explanation on how the portrait photography is evolve among society, one is relate to the human effort who express her/himself through a studio portrait photography.One of the efforts that can be done is inquiring the dimension ofcommunication in portrait photography which is using visual retoric theories. The outline of visual retoric theory has been oftenly used to analyze visual media in general, however it seems seldom chosen to analyze photography art work. Through this writing would be shown the example of theories which could be The theory outline is hoped to be able to give an illustration about many kinds of portrait photography shape and it is hoped to explain the main goal and the pattern of message deliverence photographically and to know how the society figure out the value of portrait photography for her/himself.
BOOK REVIEW, PHOTOGRAPHY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA – A Survey
Authors: Soedjono Soeprapto
Published: February 2018

Judul : PHOTOGRAPHY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA – A SurveyPenulis : Zhuang WubinPenerbit : NUS PRESS, Singapore (National University of Singapore)Tahun : 2016ISBN : 978-981-4722-12-4 (case)Halaman : 522 termasuk Index, Gambar/Photographs, Notes dan Bibliography
DOS TRANSPLANTES JURÍDICOS ÀS TRADUÇÕES JURÍDICAS: A GLOBALIZAÇÃO DO PLEA BARGAINING E A TESE DA AMERICANIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO PENAL
Authors: Langer Máximo
Published: February 2018

Este artigo analisa a tese da americanização no processo penal. De acordo com a versão forte desta tese, o sistema jurídico norte-americano se tornou o mais influente sistema no mundo e, como consequência, um número considerável de sistemas jurídicos acabarou por se assemelhar ou imitar o americano ou se tornaram, então, americanizados. Este artigo faz um alerta contra a tese forte da americanização através de um exame da introdução do estilo americano do plea bargaining em quatro sistemas da civil law – Argentina, França, Alemanha e Itália. Demonstra-se que mesmo que cada um destes países tenha introduzido uma forma de plea bargaining, há pelo menos duas razões sérias que explicam por que estas jurisdições provavelmente não se americanizarão. Em primeiro lugar, há características importantes do sistema inquisitorial destes países da civil law que podem neutralizar o efeito de americanização da prática importada. Em segundo lugar, estas quatro jurisdições da civil law introduziram o plea bargain que apresenta diferenças – e até mesmo diferenças substanciais - não apenas do modelo americano, mas entre elas mesmo. Como consequência destas diferenças entre os modelos de plea bargain argentino, francês, alemão e italiano, o artigo demonstra que uma consequência paradoxal da influência americana sobre as jurisdições da civil law pode ser a produção de fragmentação e divergência, mais do que a americanização dos processos penais da tradição civil law. A fim de demonstrar estes pontos, o artigo redesenha duas estruturas conceituais. Em primeiro lugar, reconceitualiza-se os sistemas acusatório e inquisitório como categorias teóricas. O artigo demonstra que estes sistemas deveriam ser concebidos não apenas como duas formas distintas de distribuir poderes e responsabilidades entre os atores e instituições do sistema de justiça criminal. Em segundo lugar, o artigo também desafia a estrutura do transplante jurídico como uma maneira de se pensar a circulação de ideias e instituições jurídicas entre sistemas. Demonstra-se que a metáfora do transplante é muito rígida para explicar as transformações que as ideias e instituições jurídicas sofrem quando elas se deslocam para novos sistemas jurídicos. Como alternativa, o artigo propõe a metáfora da tradução jurídica como um dispositivo heurístico alternativo para analisar a transferência de ideias e instituições jurídicas. Os sistemas acusatório e inquisitório, compreendidos como duas distintas culturas processuais, podem ser entendidos como dois sistemas diferentes de produção de significado. Então, a transferência de instituições jurídicas de um para outro sistema pode ser compreendida como traduções de um sistema de sentido para outro.
Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide Nanocluster Modification of Rutile TiO2 (110) Promotes Water Activation and CO2 Chemisorption
Authors: Nolan Michael
Published: February 2018

Metal oxide photocatalysts are widely studied for applications in solar driven environmental remediation, antimicrobial activity, hydrogen production and CO2 reduction to fuels. Common requirements for each technology include absorption of visible light, reduced charge carrier recombination and the ability to activate the initial molecule be it a pollutant, water or CO2. The leading photocatalyst is some form of TiO2. A significant amount of work has been undertaken to modifying TiO2 to induce visible light absorption. The structure and composition of the catalyst should facilitate separation of electrons and holes and having active sites on the catalyst is important to promote the initial adsorption and activation of molecules of interest. In this paper we present a first principles density functional theory (DFT) study of the modification of rutile TiO2 (110) with nanoclusters of the alkaline earth metal oxides (MgO, Ca, BaO) and we focus on the effect of surface modification on the key catalyst properties. The modification of rutile TiO2 with CaO and BaO induces a predicted red shift in light absorption. In all cases, photoexcited electrons and holes localise on oxygen in the nanocluster and surface Ti sites, thus enhancing charge separation. The presence of these non-bulk alkaline earth oxide nanoclusters provides highly active sites for water and CO2 adsorption. On MgO-rutile, water adsorbs molecularly and overcomes a barrier of only 0.36 eV for dissociation whereby hydroxyls are stabilised. On CaO- and BaO-modified rutile water adsorbs dissociatively. We attribute this to the high lying O 2p states in the alkaline earth oxide modifiers which are available to interact with water, as well as the non-bulk like geometry around the active site. Upon adsorption of CO2 the preferred binding mode is as a tridentate carbonate-like species, as characterised by geometry and vibrational modes. The carbonate is bound by up to 4 eV. Thus these heterostructures can be interesting for CO2 capture, helping alleviate the problem of CO2 emissions.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalisation of individuals 60 years of age and over with laboratory-confirmed influenza, Valencia Region, Spain, influenza season 2016/17
Authors: Mira-Iglesias Ainara , López-Labrador F Xavier , Guglieri-López Beatriz , Tortajada-Girbés Miguel , Baselga-Moreno Víctor , Cano Laura , Mollar-Maseres Juan , Carballido-Fernández Mario , Schwarz-Chavarri Germán , Díez-Domingo Javier , Puig-Barberà Joan ,   Valencia Hospital Network for the Study of Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Disease
Published: February 2018

Introduction

Seasonal influenza vaccination is widely recommended for people with risk factors, especially for people who are elderly. However, influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) varies year after year because of the variable antigenic composition of the circulating viruses and the vaccine composition. Methods: We summarise the results of IVE and the impact of previous vaccination among subjects 60 years of age and over in a multicentre prospective study in the Valencia Hospital Surveillance Network for the Study of Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Disease (VAHNSI) in Spain. We applied the test-negative design taking laboratory-confirmed influenza as outcome and vaccination status as exposure. Information about potential confounders was obtained from clinical registries or directly from patients. Results: Adjusted IVE was 19% (95% confidence interval (CI): −15 to 43). For patients vaccinated in the current season but not in the two previous seasons, effectiveness was 49% (95% CI: −20 to 78) and for patients vaccinated in the current and any of two previous seasons, effectiveness was 29% (95% CI: −3 to 52). For those patients not vaccinated in the current season but vaccinated in any of the two previous seasons, effectiveness was 53% (95% CI: 8 to 76). Conclusions: Our data show a low vaccine effectiveness for the 2016/17 influenza season.
Empirisme Maâ€™had Aly Salafiyah Syafiâ€™iyyah Situbondo Dan Pengembangan Fiqih di Indonesia
Authors: Bashori Akmal
Published: February 2018

Empirisme merupakan doktrin filsafat yang menekankan peranan pengalaman dalam memperoleh pengetahuan dalam melakukan penggalian hukum Islam atau dikenal dengan al-tajribat al-hissiyat. Metode ini berangkat dari logika induksi yakni pengamatan lapangan,dan realitas masyarakat sebagai sumber utama bagi penetapan hukum fiqih dengan menggunakan perangkat indra dan akal. Imam Syafiâ€™i sendiri menggunakan metode ini dalam melakukan penggalian hukumnya dan menghasilkan dua pendapat berbeda; qaul qadim dan qaul jadid. Sama halnya dengan Maâ€™had Aly Situbondo, produk pemikiran hukum Islamnya banyak dipengaruhi oleh realitas masyarakat Indonesia. Hasil dari studi ini ditemukan bahwa Maâ€™had Aly (1) dalam melakukan penggalian hukum selalu melihat pada realitas empirik (2) MA berhasil mengembangkan fiqih di Indonesia dengan melakukan revitalisasi epistemologi hukum Islam klasik, diversivikasi teks, dan perluasan taâ€™wil serta merekostruksi konsep bermazhab.
Intellectual Abilities of High-End Handball Players of Different Playing Roles
Authors: Strialenko Evheny , Zhosan Ihor , Shalar Oleh
Published: February 2018

The article presents the results of the study of the intellectual abilities of high-end handball players of various gaming roles. It was revealed that the playing players of the Dniproanka team (Kherson) had a high level of intellectual potential (113,3 points), goalkeepers – a level lower (80,3 points). The level of intellectual potential of players in other game roles did not differ significantly and was on average 107 points. By the same method, the goalkeepers of Lviv's Galichanka (98,5 points) scored less points, linear players showed a score of 110,5 points. The intellectual potential of the welterweight, angular and playing players was high and averaged 120,2 points. It is established that the angular players of handball team «Dniproanka» had the highest IQ (according to Eysenck's method) among players of other gaming roles, which was 108,4 points. In the team «Galichanka» the best ratio among the playing players (114 points), in contrast to them at the goalkeepers, he was 103,5 points. Players of other game roles on average scored 107,5 points. The higher level of intellectual abilities of playing players in both teams can be explained by the peculiarities of the playing role, which are the «conductors» of the game.
Olympic Education as an Important Component of a Comprehensive Curriculum on Physical Culture
Authors: Tkachuk Vira , Turchyk Iryna , Chopyk Roman , Kozibroda Larysa , Chemerys Maria
Published: February 2018

Topicality. The Olympic education of youth is one of the most important components in the formation of a harmoniously developed personality, the development of feelings and attitudes, habits of behavior, based on the Olympic principles, the Olympic values and the Olympic ideal. Task.  To study the content component of the Olympic themes in the comprehensive curriculum on physical culture. Methods. Analysis of literary sources, method of comparative analysis, methods of theoretical interpretation. Results. The results of our research have made it possible to find out the importance and necessity of studying the Olympic theme information by schoolchildren. Conclusions. Olympic education plays an important role in the process of teaching physical education. Students engaged in sports must learn to constantly strive for self-improvement, to work daily on the development of their spiritual, mental, volitional and physical abilities.
The Effect of Sports Club Participation on the Students’ Somatic Health
Authors: Hryhoriev Valeriy
Published: February 2018

The implementation of female crossfit for girls and football classes for boys as a part of the sports club participation appears to be prospective for the optimization of the physical education in higher educational institutions and for the somatic health of students. The purpose of the research is to estimate the effect of crossfit and football classes as a part of the sports club participation on the morphofunctional parameters of the physical development and the somatic health of students. The results of the research. It is specified that during the main pedagogical experiment we were observing essential differences in functional parameters of the physical development for students in the experimental group: the growth of lung capacity ratio – by 5,94–8,70 %, handgrip strength – by 5,76–12,60 %, declining resting heart rate by 1,62–5,28 % comparing to the students of the control group where the changes were not significant. In the dynamics of morphological parameters, there were no changes. The comparative analysis of the basic and finite data of the somatic health parameters proved the efficiency of experimental methods. Influenced by them, the students of the experimental groups significantly improved their data: the correlation of lung capacity to body mass – by 3,87–9,61 %, the correlation of handgrip strength to body mass index – by 3,68–13,54 %, Robinson’s index – by 1,78–6,23 % and Ruffier’s index – by 12,85–16,52 %. The changes in parameters of basic and finite data of the somatic health index of the experimental groups were essentially different from the same parameters of the students in the control groups. Conclusions. Sports club participation in a female crossfit for girls and football classes for boys has a great impact on the physical fitness of student youth specifically on improving morphofunctional parameters of their physical development and the level of the somatic health.
Features of the Vegetative Regulation of Demobabilized Battle Participants
Authors: Andriychuk Olha , Masikova Tetyana , Ortenburger Dorota Elżbieta , Ismailov Ruslan
Published: February 2018

The data of 50 mobilized participants of the antiterrorist operation (ATO) on the territory of eastern Ukraine, who are undergoing treatment and rehabilitation in the Volyn Regional Hospital of War Veterans, are presented. Due to the data obtained: middle age, period of service in the combat zone, causes of hospitalization, features of local dermographism, a «model» of the ATO participant was formed. The results of the pilot study showed that the average age of the military man was 34,88 ± 9,44 years old (the youngest soldier was 21 years old and the oldest of them was 59 years old). Half (50 %) of the defendants were aged 26–35. The period of the military service is 8,5 ± 4,4 months (from 2 to 16 months). 42 % of the respondents are getting inpatient treatment for the first time, while 58 % of them are undergoing treatment and rehabilitation for the second time. The causes of hospitalization in 56 % of cases were wounds in the ATO area, and in 44 % – deterioration of chronic diseases or primary pathological changes. According to local dermographism, it has been established that more than two thirds of hospitalized participants of the ATO due to the vegetative «passport» are sympathologists and only one third – vagotonics. Among the battle participants, 68 % of the sympathologists and 32 % of the vagotonics were injured. 64 % of the sympathlogists and 36 % of the vagotonics were hospitalized with health deterioration.  Taking into account the obtained data, a «model» of a mobilized ATO participant is formed – a young male sympathologist, at the age of 35, has done military service for 8,5 months during which was wounded, undergoes second treatment and rehabilitation.
Balıkesir, Kuva-yi Milliye Müzesi’nden II. Nikephoros Phokas (963-969) Dönemine Ait Nadir Gümüş Sikke “Miliaresion”
Authors: ÜNAL Ceren
Published: February 2018

İmparator II. Nikephoros Phokas Makedonya Hanedanı üyesi olmamakla
birlikte parlak askeri kariyeri sayesinde tahta geçmiştir. II. Nikephoros Phokas
dönemine ait nadir basım gümüş sikke miliaresion ise Makedonya Hanedanlığı
döneminde gelişen sanat üslubunun sikke tasvir tipolojisine getirdiği yenilik
olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Nadir basım örneklerden olan gümüş sikke birimi
miliaresion’un ön yüzünde yer alan imparatorun tasvirindeki tipolojik farklılık
dönemin sanat üslubunda yaşanan gelişmelerle paralellik göstermektedir. II.
Nikephoros Phokas’ın tahtta geçmesinin öncesinde ve sonrasında yaşanan siyasi
ve kültürel gelişmeler gümüş sikke miliaresion eşliğinde incelenecektir.
İsa’nın Doğumu
Authors: PEKAK M. Sacit , GÜR Durmuş
Published: February 2018

Çalışma
kapsamında, İsa’nın doğumu, tarihsel süreçteki benzer doğum örnekleri ile ikonografik-üslup
açısından incelenmiş, doğum tasvirinin görüldüğü Kappadokia kiliseleri,
Anadolu’daki bazı kiliselerdeki duvar resimleri, Avrupa örnekleri ve çeşitli
müzelerdeki madeni ve taş-mermer eserler, konu benzerliği, üslup, teknik ve
kompozisyon açısından değerlendirilmiştir.

Çalışma kapsamında İsa’nın doğumu, apokrif ve kanonik
kaynaklar ışığında zaman, mekan ve yer belirtilerek incelenmiş, kompozisyonlardaki
figür çoğunluğu ve figürlerin sahne içindeki konumları kronolojik olarak incelenmiştir.
Çanakkale Tabyaları
Authors: ACIOĞLU Yusuf
Published: February 2018

XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından
sonra gelişen silah teknolojisi ile birlikte Çanakkale’deki mevcut savunma
yapıları yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu nedenle, çağın gereklerine uygun toprak ve
kâgir tabyalar yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Tabya inşası, XX. yüzyılın başlarına
kadar sürmüştür. XX. yüzyıldan itibaren ise bu tabyaların yerini metal aksamlı
beton bonetler almıştır. Çanakkale’deki tabyalar, ağırlıklı olarak boğaz ve
çevresinde inşa edilmiştir. Bu yapıların inşa edildiği noktalarda farklı
tarihlerde farklı isimlerle yeni tabyalar yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle
zaman zaman isimler değişmekte ve bu da karışıklığa sebep olmaktadır. Bu
karışıklık, tarihlendirmeyi ve lokalizasyonu güçleştirmektedir. Uzun süren
arşiv ve arazi çalışmaları sonucunda, elde edilen bilgiler ışığında yapıların
yerleri tespit edilmeye ve tarihlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Çanakkale’de
günümüze ulaşan mevcut otuz iki tabyanın varlığı tespit edilebilmiştir. Çanakkale’de
inşa edilen bu tabyalar temelde kara ve kıyı tabyaları olarak ikiye
ayrılmaktadır. Her iki tabya türü de işlevleri ile birbirine benzemekle
birlikte biçimlenişleri ve barındırdıkları birimlerde bazı farklılıklar
bulunmaktadır. İki tabyayı birbirinden ayıran en önemli özellik kara
tabyalarında bulunan pusu odaları ve hendeğin kıyı tabyalarında bulunmamasıdır.
Toprak ve kâgir olarak inşa edilen bu tabyalarda estetikten ziyade işlev ve
sağlamlık ön planda tutulduğundan süslemeye yer verilmemiştir.
Uma análise da aplicação subsidiária do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 ao processo administrativo brasileiro
Authors: Campos Felipe Almeida , Maria Thais Campos
Published: February 2018

Pretende-se com o presente estudo abordar o artigo 15 do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 e sua aplicação ao processo administrativo, como fonte normativa subsidiária. Busca-se, com isso, analisar a constitucionalidade e os elementos condicionantes da aplicação subsidiária do CPC/15 ao processo administrativo, em perspectiva processual democrática, destacando a recente ADI nº. 5492 ajuizada pelo Governador do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em trâmite no Supremo Tribunal Federal. A pesquisa acadêmica é de natureza teórica, adotando-se como marco teórico a teoria do Processo Constitucional desenvolvida por Ronaldo Brêtas na obra Processo Constitucional e Estado Democrático de Direito, editora Del Rey, publicada em sua primeira edição em 2010.
O direito/ dever de expressão/ informação face ao direito à privacidade
Authors: Duarte Raquel Magalhaes
Published: February 2018

RESUMO: O avanço da tecnologia e a velocidade da informação com o crescimento da participação dos indivíduos em rede sociais. O direito brasileiro tem por intuito proteger o direito da personalidade, todavia, a depender do exame etimológico da palavra personalidade pode-se chegar a conceitos distintos. Em que pese, pretende-se aprofundar em relação à imprensa como meio facilitador para adentrar na vida privada do indivíduo, o direito à informação se contrapõe diretamente com o direito à privacidade, e também o direito à expressão. No entanto, tem-se em vista que a depender da maneira em que se divulga a informação (imagens, vídeos, nomes) existe a possibilidade de configurar o vilipêndio de cadáver, por ferir diretamente os direitos da personalidade, direitos estes intrínsecos ao ser humano, ressaltando que deve ser analisado o caso sub judice para certificar o enquadramento do devido artigo penal.
Pendampingan E-Commerce dan Pendidikan di Cerme Kecamatan Ngimbang Lamongan
Authors: Nasrullah Dede , Hidayatullah Achmad , Unggul WP Satria
Published: February 2018

Education and the economy are still a major problem in our country. The low level of community education causes the economy is still low. Cerme village of Lamongan regency is one example of civilization which also has problems both. This devotion focuses on the efforts to assist local msayarakt how to improve their reading ethos, internet recognize and how to do business or buying and selling transactions online or E-Commerce. Besides this dedication is done for one month. This form of advisory activities is the establishment of a reading park, internet installation and online business training or E-Commerce. With internet facilities that have been installed by UMSurabaya team hope after community training can access the latest knowledge and business with the help of internet. While for school children they can use the reading park and can access knowledge through the internet as well.
Pendampingan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) Cahaya Bunda di Jembatan Merah Kota Surabaya
Authors: Abidin Ratno , Rahayu Aristiana Prihatining
Published: February 2018

Community service activities in the red bridge ridge Kelurahan Nyamplungan District Pabean Cantika Surabaya. They reside with sober, even they can say their homes are roofed by the earth, meaning they only sleep in the grove of shops or warehouses that potluck often expelled by SATPOL PP. Their work scavenging, begging and ngamen in a red light stop, shops in the market Kapasan Kota Surabaya. So far, they are not recognized by Surabaya city government because they do not have identity card and family card. Though it is located in Jempatan Merah It has been many years even since birth. Seeing their difficulty to get rights and recognition from Surabaya City Government and get the feasibility of life. The team in cooperation with Muhammadiyah Branch Chief of Surabaya City has been helping residents living on the banks of the Jembatan Merah river. Programs that have been dilaksanaka Pengajian, Al Quran Educational Place, Early Childhood Education, learning to read, write and make craft.Permasalahan main in Child Street Stewardship and Blind Literacy In the Red Bridge Kelurahan Nyamplungan Kecamatan Pabean Cantika Kota Surabaya.
The Effect of Teacher Coaching on Instruction and Achievement: A Meta-Analysis of the Causal Evidence
Authors: Kraft Matthew A. , Blazar David , Hogan Dylan
Published: February 2018

Teacher coaching has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional models of professional development. We review the empirical literature on teacher coaching and conduct meta-analyses to estimate the mean effect of coaching programs on teachers’ instructional practice and students’ academic achievement. Combining results across 60 studies that employ causal research designs, we find pooled effect sizes of 0.49 standard deviations (SD) on instruction and 0.18 SD on achievement. Much of this evidence comes from literacy coaching programs for prekindergarten and elementary school teachers in the United States. Although these findings affirm the potential of coaching as a development tool, further analyses illustrate the challenges of taking coaching programs to scale while maintaining effectiveness. Average effects from effectiveness trials of larger programs are only a fraction of the effects found in efficacy trials of smaller programs. We conclude by discussing ways to address scale-up implementation challenges and providing guidance for future causal studies.
Modeling and Dynamics of HTS Motors for Aircraft Electric Propulsion
Authors: Vepa Ranjan
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the methodology of how a dynamic model of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) may be modified to model the dynamics of a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) machine is illustrated. Simulations of a typical PMSM operating under room temperature conditions and also at temperatures when the stator windings are superconducting are compared. Given a matching set of values for the stator resistance at superconducting temperature and flux-trapped rotor field, it is shown that the performance of the HTS PMSM is quite comparable to a PMSM under normal room temperature operating conditions, provided the parameters of the motor are appropriately related to each other. From these simulations, a number of strategies for operating the motor so as to get the propeller to deliver thrust with maximum propulsive efficiency are discussed. It is concluded that the motor–propeller system must be operated so as to deliver thrust at the maximum propulsive efficiency point. This, in turn, necessitates continuous tracking of the maximum propulsive efficiency point and consequently it is essential that the controller requires a maximum propulsive efficiency point tracking (MPEPT) outer loop.
Fragment-Based Discovery of Inhibitors of the Bacterial DnaG-SSB Interaction
Authors: Chilingaryan Zorik , Headey Stephen , Lo Allen , Xu Zhi-Qiang , Otting Gottfried , Dixon Nicholas , Scanlon Martin , Oakley Aaron
Published: February 2018

In bacteria, the DnaG primase is responsible for synthesis of short RNA primers used to initiate chain extension by replicative DNA polymerase(s) during chromosomal replication. Among the proteins with which Escherichia coli DnaG interacts is the single-stranded DNA-binding protein, SSB. The C-terminal hexapeptide motif of SSB (DDDIPF; SSB-Ct) is highly conserved and is known to engage in essential interactions with many proteins in nucleic acid metabolism, including primase. Here, fragment-based screening by saturation-transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance (STD-NMR) and surface plasmon resonance assays identified inhibitors of the primase/SSB-Ct interaction. Hits were shown to bind to the SSB-Ct-binding site using 15N–1H HSQC spectra. STD-NMR was used to demonstrate binding of one hit to other SSB-Ct binding partners, confirming the possibility of simultaneous inhibition of multiple protein/SSB interactions. The fragment molecules represent promising scaffolds on which to build to discover new antibacterial compounds.
Effects of Post-Synthesis Activation and Relative Humidity on Adsorption Performance of ZIF-8 for Capturing Toluene from a Gas Phase in a Continuous Mode
Authors: Jafari Saeed , Ghorbani-Shahna Farshid , Bahrami Abdulrahman , Kazemian Hossein
Published: February 2018

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of toluene in its gas phase at different relative humidity (RH). High-purity ZIF-8 with an average particle size of 0.64 µm synthesized from an aqueous solution at room temperature, and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Dynamic adsorption (continuous mode) experiments of toluene on ZIF-8 were studied using breakthrough curves. The effects of thermal pretreatment (activation) under dry air and N2 atmospheres on the adsorbent performances was studied. ZIF-8 activated at 300 °C for 3 h under dry air showed the highest adsorption capacity of 562.17 mg∙g−1. Furthermore, it was observed that the adsorption of toluene on ZIF-8 was significantly decreased at 80% RH. The experimental data of dynamic adsorption well fitted into the Thomas and Yan mathematical models.
Estimation of Effective Diffusion Coefficient of O2 in Ash Layer in Underground Coal Gasification by Thermogravimetric Apparatus
Authors: Lin Xi , Liu Qingya , Liu Zhenyu
Published: February 2018

Underground coal gasification (UCG) proceeds generally in the presence of an ash layer on coal (or char) surface. The ash layer increases the mass transfer resistance of O2 to the gasification surface, which may become the limiting step of whole process. This paper studies O2 diffusion in ash layer formed on cylindrical char samples using a specially designed one-dimension setup in a thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA). The effective internal diffusion coefficient (De) is found to increase with an increase in ash layer thickness, due to an increase in median pore diameter. Methods are established to correlate De with operating conditions and to estimate the role of internal diffusion resistance in overall mass transfer resistance.
Young Women’s Perspectives of Their Adolescent Treatment Programs: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Clark Miriam , Buchanan Rohanna , Leve Leslie
Published: February 2018

The perspectives of at-risk adolescent clients can play an important role in informing treatment services. The current study examines qualitative interview data from 15 young women with histories of maltreatment. Using a semi-structured qualitative interview approach, we asked the women to think retrospectively about their treatment experiences as adolescent girls. Results highlight the need for providing adolescent girls with reliable and practical information about risky sexual behavior and drug use from relatable and trustworthy helping professionals. We discuss strategies for developing and maintaining trust and delivering specific content.
Monitoring Heavy Metal Contents with Sphagnum Junghuhnianum Moss Bags in Relation to Traffic Volume in Wuxi, China
Authors: Hu Rong , Yan Yun , Zhou Xiaoli , Wang Yanan , Fang Yanming
Published: February 2018

Despite its small size, a moss bag can reveal the different temporal and spatial deposition patterns of pollutants at a particular site; therefore, researchers can use moss bags to determine pollution sources and to put forward strategies for pollution control. Although the use of moss bags to monitor atmospheric pollution has been widely reported in Europe, there are few such empirical studies in China. Thus, in this study, bags containing the moss Sphagnum junghuhnianum were used to assess the concentrations of heavy metals (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn)) at five sampling sites (four roads and a forest park) during the summer and winter of 2012. According to the relative accumulation factor (RAF) and contamination factor (CF) results, pollution in winter was heavier than that in summer, and Cr was found to be the most contaminating, having the highest mean CF. There was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between traffic volume and concentration for three heavy metals (Cr, Cu, and V) in winter, whereas a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between traffic volume and concentrations for four heavy metal elements (Cr, Pb, V, and Zn) in summer, indicating a close relationship between heavy metal contents and traffic volume. Although there was substantial variation in the concentrations of the five heavy metals in the moss bags, significant correlations between heavy metals suggested that the contaminants originated from a common source, namely vehicle emissions. The results demonstrated that the four roads were subject to different degrees of pollution depending on the volume of traffic using each road. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that traffic volume is a major reason for heavy metal pollution.
Exploring the Barriers: A Qualitative Study about the Experiences of Mid-SES Roma Navigating the Spanish Healthcare System
Authors: Aiello Emilia , Flecha Ainhoa , Serradell Olga
Published: February 2018

Whereas the topic of the ‘cultural sensitivity’ of healthcare systems has been addressed extensively in the US and the UK, literature on the subject in most European countries, specifically looking at the situation of Roma, is still scarce. Drawing on qualitative research conducted mainly in the city of Barcelona under the communicative approach with Roma subjects who have stable socioeconomic positions and higher cultural capitals (end-users, professionals of the healthcare system, and key informants of a regional policy oriented to the improvement of Roma living conditions), the present study aims to fill this gap. We explore the barriers that the Roma face in accessing the healthcare system, reflecting on how these barriers are accentuated by the existing anti-Roma prejudices and institutional arrangements that do not account for minority cultures. Our results point out a series of obstacles at two levels, in the interaction with healthcare professionals, and in relation to existing institutional arrangements, which prevent Roma families from having equal access to the healthcare system. Education stands up as a mechanism to contest anti-Roma sentiments among healthcare professionals.
Evaluating and Optimizing Urban Green Spaces for Compact Urban Areas: Cukurova District in Adana, Turkey
Authors: Unal Muge , Uslu Cengiz
Published: February 2018

In recent decades, the ever-decreasing number of green spaces have become insufficient to meet public demands in terms of accessibility, spatial distribution and the size of urban green areas. This is mainly due to increasing attention on the issue of accessibility to urban green spaces. This paper aims to quantify accessibility according to existing qualitative and quantitative characteristics of urban green spaces (UGS) in Çukurova district in Adana, Turkey. Firstly, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of UGS are divided into five main categories: area size, amenities of the UGS, transportation, focal points and population density. A set of 59 criteria are used by referring to the literature and expert views. Secondly, the Weighted Criteria Method was used to determine the significance of levels within these criteria and the existing situation of each park was identified and scored via field work. Thirdly, accounts of the distance of UGS service areas distance from people or users were optimized according to the total scores of existing UGS sites. Finally, the service areas of UGS were mapped by using Network Analysis tools. Results highlight some practical implications of optimizing accessibility for urban planning, for instance, specific land uses might be chosen for highly accessible UGS particularly those characterized by their high area size and equipment variety, low population density, and proximity to units.
Altered Expression of Ganglioside Metabolizing Enzymes Results in GM3 Ganglioside Accumulation in Cerebellar Cells of a Mouse Model of Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis
Authors: Somogyi Aleksandra , Petcherski Anton , Beckert Benedikt , Huebecker Mylene , Priestman David A. , Banning Antje , Cotman Susan L. , Platt Frances M. , Ruonala Mika O. , Tikkanen Ritva
Published: February 2018

Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is caused by mutations in the CLN3 gene. Most JNCL patients exhibit a 1.02 kb genomic deletion removing exons 7 and 8 of this gene, which results in a truncated CLN3 protein carrying an aberrant C-terminus. A genetically accurate mouse model (Cln3Δex7/8 mice) for this deletion has been generated. Using cerebellar precursor cell lines generated from wildtype and Cln3Δex7/8 mice, we have here analyzed the consequences of the CLN3 deletion on levels of cellular gangliosides, particularly GM3, GM2, GM1a and GD1a. The levels of GM1a and GD1a were found to be significantly reduced by both biochemical and cytochemical methods. However, quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed a highly significant increase in GM3, suggesting a metabolic blockade in the conversion of GM3 to more complex gangliosides. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a significant reduction in the transcripts of the interconverting enzymes, especially of β-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 1 (GM2 synthase), which is the enzyme converting GM3 to GM2. Thus, our data suggest that the complex a-series gangliosides are reduced in Cln3Δex7/8 mouse cerebellar precursor cells due to impaired transcription of the genes responsible for their synthesis.
An Investigation on the Adiabatic Shear Bands in Depleted U-0.75 wt % Ti Alloy under Dynamic Loading
Authors: Wang Bo , Dong Yongxiang , Huang Guangyan
Published: February 2018

Adiabatic shear bands in uranium alloy projectiles/penetrators, during penetration, allow them to “self-sharpen,” a process that is absent in most tungsten alloy projectiles/penetrators. U-0.75 wt % Ti alloy samples have been accelerated to impact steel targets, and the distribution of adiabatic shear bands in residual samples has been studied in detail to understand the effect of self-sharpening on penetration. In our study, self-sharpening was evidenced by the distribution of the shear bands in the recovered sample. The shear bands formed during impact were observed to change direction when they crossed grain boundaries, which indicated that the grain boundaries had an influence on the adiabatic shear bands of U-0.75 wt % Ti. Micro-hardness test results showed that the Vickers micro-hardness in the adiabatic shear zone was 18% lower than that in the matrix. In the split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiment, a strain rate of around 2891 s−1 was the threshold strain rate that triggered the formation of adiabatic shear bands in the U-0.75 wt % Ti alloy.
Toxicity of Pristine and Chemically Functionalized Fullerenes to White Rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Authors: Ming Zhu , Feng Shicheng , Yilihamu Ailimire , Ma Qiang , Yang Shengnan , Yang Sheng-Tao
Published: February 2018

Fullerenes are widely produced and applied carbon nanomaterials that require a thorough investigation into their environmental hazards and risks. In this study, we compared the toxicity of pristine fullerene (C60) and carboxylated fullerene (C60-COOH) to white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The influence of fullerene on the weight increase, fibrous structure, ultrastructure, enzyme activity, and decomposition capability of P. chrysosporium was investigated to reflect the potential toxicity of fullerene. C60 did not change the fresh and dry weights of P. chrysosporium but C60-COOH inhibited the weight gain at high concentrations. Both C60 and C60-COOH destroyed the fibrous structure of the mycelia. The ultrastructure of P. chrysosporium was changed by C60-COOH. Pristine C60 did not affect the enzyme activity of the P. chrysosporium culture system while C60-COOH completely blocked the enzyme activity. Consequently, in the liquid culture, P. chrysosporium lost the decomposition activity at high C60-COOH concentrations. The decreased capability in degrading wood was observed for P. chrysosporium exposed to C60-COOH. Our results collectively indicate that chemical functionalization enhanced the toxicity of fullerene to white rot fungi and induced the loss of decomposition activity. The environmental risks of fullerene and its disturbance to the carbon cycle are discussed.
A Walnut-Enriched Diet Affects Gut Microbiome in Healthy Caucasian Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Bamberger Charlotte , Rossmeier Andreas , Lechner Katharina , Wu Liya , Waldmann Elisa , Fischer Sandra , Stark Renée , Altenhofer Julia , Henze Kerstin , Parhofer Klaus
Published: February 2018

Regular walnut consumption is associated with better health. We have previously shown that eight weeks of walnut consumption (43 g/day) significantly improves lipids in healthy subjects. In the same study, gut microbiome was evaluated. We included 194 healthy subjects (134 females, 63 ± 7 years, BMI 25.1 ± 4.0 kg/m2) in a randomized, controlled, prospective, cross-over study. Following a nut-free run-in period, subjects were randomized to two diet phases (eight weeks each); 96 subjects first followed a walnut-enriched diet (43 g/day) and then switched to a nut-free diet, while 98 subjects followed the diets in reverse order. While consuming the walnut-enriched diet, subjects were advised to either reduce fat or carbohydrates or both to account for the additional calories. Fecal samples were collected from 135 subjects at the end of the walnut-diet and the control-diet period for microbiome analyses. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing data was clustered with a 97% similarity into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). UniFrac distances were used to determine diversity between groups. Differential abundance was evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test. All analyses were performed using Rhea. Generalized UniFrac distance shows that walnut consumption significantly affects microbiome composition and diversity. Multidimensional scaling (metric and non-metric) indicates dissimilarities of approximately 5% between walnut and control (p = 0.02). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacteria increased significantly (p < 0.02) while Clostridium sp. cluster XIVa species (Blautia; Anaerostipes) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during walnut consumption. The effect of walnut consumption on the microbiome only marginally depended on whether subjects replaced fat, carbohydrates or both while on walnuts. Daily intake of 43 g walnuts over eight weeks significantly affects the gut microbiome by enhancing probiotic- and butyric acid-producing species in healthy individuals. Further evaluation is required to establish whether these changes are preserved during longer walnut consumption and how these are linked to the observed changes in lipid metabolism.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Rate and Complementary Feeding Indicators in China: A National Representative Survey in 2013
Authors: Duan Yifan , Yang Zhenyu , Lai Jianqiang , Yu Dongmei , Chang Suying , Pang Xuehong , Jiang Shan , Zhang Huanmei , Bi Ye , Wang Jie , Scherpbier Robert , Zhao Liyun , Yin Shian
Published: February 2018

Appropriate infant and young child feeding could reduce morbidity and mortality and could improve cognitive development of children. However, nationwide data on exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding status in China are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess current exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding status in China. A national representative survey (Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey) of children aged under 6 years was done in 2013. Stratified multistage cluster sampling was used to select study participants. World Health Organization (WHO) infant and young child feeding indicators were firstly used to assess exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding practice nationwide. In total, 14,458 children aged under two years (0 to <730 days) were studied from 55 counties in 30 provinces in China. The crude exclusive breastfeeding rate under 6 months was 20.7% (908/4381) and the weighted exclusive breastfeeding rate was 18.6%. The crude prevalence of minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency and minimum acceptable diet were 52.5% (5286/10,071), 69.8% (7027/10,071), and 27.4% (2764/10,071) among children aged 6–23 months, respectively. The weighted rate was 53.7%, 69.1%, and 25.1%, respectively. Residential area, household income and maternal education were positively associated with the three complementary feeding indicators. The exclusive breastfeeding rate under 6 months was low and complementary feeding practice was not optimal in China. Residential area, household income and maternal education might be used to target infants and young children to improve complementary feeding practice.
Calibrate Multiple Consumer RGB-D Cameras for Low-Cost and Efficient 3D Indoor Mapping
Authors: Chen Chi , Yang Bisheng , Song Shuang , Tian Mao , Li Jianping , Dai Wenxia , Fang Lina
Published: February 2018

Traditional indoor laser scanning trolley/backpacks with multi-laser scanner, panorama cameras, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) installed are a popular solution to the 3D indoor mapping problem. However, the cost of those mapping suits is quite expensive, and can hardly be replicated by consumer electronic components. The consumer RGB-Depth (RGB-D) camera (e.g., Kinect V2) is a low-cost option for gathering 3D point clouds. However, because of the narrow field of view (FOV), its collection efficiency and data coverages are lower than that of laser scanners. Additionally, the limited FOV leads to an increase of the scanning workload, data processing burden, and risk of visual odometry (VO)/simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) failure. To find an efficient and low-cost way to collect 3D point clouds data with auxiliary information (i.e., color) for indoor mapping, in this paper we present a prototype indoor mapping solution that is built upon the calibration of multiple RGB-D sensors to construct an array with large FOV. Three time-of-flight (ToF)-based Kinect V2 RGB-D cameras are mounted on a rig with different view directions in order to form a large field of view. The three RGB-D data streams are synchronized and gathered by the OpenKinect driver. The intrinsic calibration that involves the geometry and depth calibration of single RGB-D cameras are solved by homography-based method and ray correction followed by range biases correction based on pixel-wise spline line functions, respectively. The extrinsic calibration is achieved through a coarse-to-fine scheme that solves the initial exterior orientation parameters (EoPs) from sparse control markers and further refines the initial value by an iterative closest point (ICP) variant minimizing the distance between the RGB-D point clouds and the referenced laser point clouds. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed prototype and calibration method are evaluated by comparing the point clouds derived from the prototype with ground truth data collected by a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). The overall analysis of the results shows that the proposed method achieves the seamless integration of multiple point clouds from three Kinect V2 cameras collected at 30 frames per second, resulting in low-cost, efficient, and high-coverage 3D color point cloud collection for indoor mapping applications.
Spatio-Temporal Characterization of a Reclamation Settlement in the Shanghai Coastal Area with Time Series Analyses of X-, C-, and L-Band SAR Datasets
Authors: Yang Mengshi , Yang Tianliang , Zhang Lu , Lin Jinxin , Qin Xiaoqiong , Liao Mingsheng
Published: February 2018

Large-scale reclamation projects during the past decades have been recognized as one of the driving factors behind land subsidence in coastal areas. However, the pattern of temporal evolution in reclamation settlements has rarely been analyzed. In this work, we study the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of Linggang New City (LNC) in Shanghai, China, using space-borne synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) methods. Three data stacks including 11 X-band TerraSAR-X, 20 L-band ALOS PALSAR, and 35 C-band ENVISAT ASAR images were used to retrieve time series deformation from 2007 to 2010 in the LNC. An InSAR analysis from the three data stacks displays strong agreement in mean deformation rates, with coefficients of determination of about 0.9 and standard deviations for inter-stack differences of less than 4 mm/y. Meanwhile, validations with leveling data indicate that all the three data stacks achieved millimeter-level accuracies. The spatial distribution and temporal evolution of deformation in the LNC as indicated by these InSAR analysis results relates to historical reclamation activities, geological features, and soil mechanisms. This research shows that ground deformation in the LNC after reclamation projects experienced three distinct phases: primary consolidation, a slight rebound, and plateau periods.