bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The representational similarity between visual perception and recent perceptual history
Authors: Luo Junlian , Collins Thérèse
Published: March 2023

From moment to moment, the visual properties of objects in the world fluctuate due to external factors like ambient lighting, occlusion and eye movements, and internal (proximal) noise. Despite this variability in the incoming information, our perception is stable. Serial dependence, the behavioral attraction of current perceptual responses towards previously seen stimuli, may reveal a mechanism underlying stability: a spatio-temporally tuned operator that smoothes over spurious fluctuations. The current study examined the neural underpinnings of serial dependence by recording the electroencephalographic (EEG) brain response of female and male human observers to prototypical objects (faces, cars and houses) and morphs that mixed properties of two prototypes. Behavior was biased towards previously seen objects. Representational similarity analysis revealed that responses evoked by visual objects contained information about the previous stimulus. The trace of previous representations in the response to the current object occurred immediately upon object appearance, suggesting that serial dependence arises from a brain state or set that precedes processing of new input. However, the brain response to current visual objects was not representationally similar to the trace they leave on subsequent object representations. These results reveal that while past stimulus history influences current representations, this influence does not imply a shared neural code between the previous trial (memory) and the current trial (perception).

Significance statement

The perception of visual objects is pulled towards instances of that object seen in the recent past. The neural underpinnings of this serial dependence remain to be fully investigated. The present study examined EEG responses to faces, cars and houses, and ambiguous between-category morphs. With representational similarity analysis, we showed (1) object-specific neural patterns that differentiate the three categories; (2) that the response to the current object contains information about the previous object, mirroring behavioral serial dependence; (3) that the object-specific neural pattern about the past was different from that in the current response, revealing that while past stimulus history influences current representations, this does not imply a shared neural code between the previous trial (memory) and the current trial (perception).
Inhibition of ATM kinase rescues planarian regeneration after lethal radiation
Authors: Shiroor Divya A , Wang Kuang‐Tse , Sanketi Bhargav D , Tapper Justin K , Adler Carolyn E
Published: March 2023

As stem cells divide, they acquire mutations that can be passed on to daughter cells. To mitigate potentially deleterious outcomes, cells activate the DNA damage response (DDR) network, which governs several cellular outcomes following DNA damage, including repairing DNA or undergoing apoptosis. At the helm of the DDR are three PI3‐like kinases including Ataxia‐Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM). We report here that knockdown of ATM in planarian flatworms enables stem cells to withstand lethal doses of radiation which would otherwise induce cell death. In this context, stem cells circumvent apoptosis, replicate their DNA, and recover function using homologous recombination‐mediated DNA repair. Despite radiation exposure, atm knockdown animals survive long‐term and regenerate new tissues. These effects occur independently of ATM's canonical downstream effector p53. Together, our results demonstrate that in planarians, ATM promotes radiation‐induced apoptosis. This acute, ATM‐dependent apoptosis is a key determinant of long‐term animal survival. Our results suggest that inhibition of ATM in these organisms could, therefore, potentially favor cell survival after radiation without obvious effects on stem cell behavior.
Relapse of Graves' disease in Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cui Yiyun , Chen Jinlong , Guo Rui , Yang Ruize , Chen Dandan , Gu Wei , Manyori Bigambo Francis , Wang Xu
Published: March 2023

Background

Graves' disease (GD) among children has attracted wide attention. However, data on long-term follow-up are scarce, especially in China. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis after regular treatments of GD and to identify possible influencing factors.

Methods

A total of 204 newly diagnosed GD children in the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between 2013 and 2019 were included in this study. The cases involved were divided into remission group, relapse group, and continuing treatment group according to therapy outcomes. Relationships between prognosis and possible influencing factors in remission and relapse groups were analyzed.

Results

All 204 cases were treated with methimazole at presentation with GD. Due to severe complications, 4 (2.0%) cases changed medication to propylthiouracil. Of all the GD children included, 79 (38.7%) had remission, and 40 (50.6%) relapsed after remission. For each additional month before free thyroxine fell into the reference range with treatment, the risk of relapse increased 1.510 times (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.510, 95%CI: 1.561–4.034) compared to those in the remission group. On the contrary, the risk of relapse was reduced by 0.548 times for each additional hour of sleep duration per day (adjusted OR=0.452, 95%CI: 0.232–0.879).

Conclusion

GD children have a high relapse rate after remission, and most of them occur within 1 year. Thyroid function should be reexamined regularly after drug withdrawal. The response to medication and lifestyle of GD children may affect the prognosis.
Presencia de felinos (Felis, Lynx y Panthera) en el registro arqueológico de la Península Ibérica durante el Pleistoceno Superior
Authors: Villaluenga Aritza
Published: March 2023

Este artículo tiene por objetivo el análisis de la distribución biogeográfica de felinos (Felis, Lynx y Panthera) en la Península Ibérica durante el Pleistoceno Superior. Este periodo comprende fases climáticas rigurosas, última fase glacial, y templadas. Estas cambiantes condiciones afectaron en la distribución geográfica de la fauna, propiciando la presencia de especies adaptadas a medios fríos en el tercio norte. La Península Ibérica es el territorio europeo situado más al Suroeste, su situación hace que en este territorio existan diversas áreas climáticas, esto unido a un complejo relieve afectaron en la distribución biogeográfica de las especies durante el Pleistoceno Superior. En la Península Ibérica han sido identificados tres géneros de felino, desde un pequeño carnívoro como el gato montés, al lince de tamaño medio, hasta grandes carnívoros como el leopardo y el león. El análisis de esta familia de carnívoros permite realizar un repaso diacrónico y geográfico a las adaptaciones de los carnívoros al cambiante medio ambiente del Pleistoceno Superior. Sin embargo, esta investigación ha de considerarse como un trabajo preliminar, futuros trabajos podrían modificar la actual distribución biogeográfica, especialmente en aquellas regiones en las que ciertas especies están ausentes.
The size of domestic cattle, sheep, goats and pigs in the Czech Lengyel and Eneolithic Periods: Temporal variations and their causes
Authors: Kyselý René
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo analiza datos osteométricos de los principales animales domésticos centroeuropeos durante el Neolítico y Eneolítico (Calcolítico) como la vaca (Bos taurus), la oveja (Ovis aries), la cabra (Capra hircus) y el cerdo (Sus domesticus). Los resultados se basan en cerca de 1.100 medidas dentarias y postcraneales obtenidos a partir de materiales arqueológicos de Bohemia y Moravia (República Checa) en culturas como la de Lengyel y otras calcolíticas en un rango de entre 4700-2200 a. C. En ellas están presentes horizontes de las cerámicas pintadas de Moravia, cultura de los vasos de embudo (TBK), cultura de Baden, así como el Campaniforme, además de otras culturas adyacentes como la de Cerámica a Bandas (LBK), la de Cerámicas impresas (Stichbandkeramik, STK) y la de Ún?tice. Se presentan datos sobre tallas corporales y su variación diacrónica valorando pormenorizadamente las posibles causas de los cambios seculares detectados. Además de una bien constatada tendencia referida a la progresiva reducción de la talla del vacuno con el tiempo, se detectan una serie de anomalías. De este modo, se especula sobre posibles cruces habidos entre el vacuno doméstico y salvaje o una posible domesticación local del uro en la cultura Bohemia de ?ivná? (3200-2800 a.C.), así como del cerdo en las culturas Proto-Eneolíticas y de cerámica de embudo (4300-3350 a.C.). El incremento de talla del ovino en el territorio de la república Checa durante el Eneolítico Antiguo y Medio, en cambio, refuerza la postulada importación de una nueva raza de oveja en Europa durante la segunda mitad del cuarto milenio a.C.
The dogs of Roman Vindolanda, Part II: Time-stratigraphic occurrence, ethnographic comparisons, and biotype reconstruction
Authors: Bennett Deb , Timm Robert M.
Published: March 2023

El fuerte-poblado romano de Vindolanda en el norte de Inglaterra fue ocupado desde el 50 al 415 A.D. y ha proporcionado una importante colección de restos bien conservados de perro, Canis familiaris. En este trabajo se contesta a las preguntas acerca de si los romanos criaron perros con el propósito de obtener morfotipos específicos o si aquellos perros se cruzaron libremente y de modo aleatorio (panmixis). También, si los perros fueron criados, si tal cría respondía a razones funcionales. Utilizando restos caninos bien contextualizados, respondemos estas preguntas incorporando análisis morfométricos, estadíos de desgaste dentario, patologías óseas, huellas impresas en cerámica (tejas) y registros documentales e iconográficos. Todas las cohortes de perro se encontraban aquí documentadas y no existen evidencias de que los perros fuesen consumidos. Las curvas de supervivencia son las clásicas con forma de U constatadas en poblaciones en equilibrio. Se constatan asímismo perros pequeños, medianos y grandes cuyas frecuencias variaron según el lugar de origen de las guarniciones que se sucedieron en el asentamiento. El cuidado de los canes lo confirma una perrera con forma de colmena y un individuo con heridas cicatrizadas. Los perros fueron usados para la caza y criados con tal fin. Integrando todas las fuentes de datos se han podido reconstruir los biotipos caninos de los romanos, infiriendo con ello su funcionalidad.
Faunal Remains from an Almohad (Ad XII/XIII) Silo at the Castle of Aljezur (Portugal)
Authors: Mota Diogo , Cardoso J.L.
Published: March 2023

Se presenta el estudio de un conjunto faunístico recogido en un silo del castillo de Aljezur en época Almohade (siglos XII/XIII d.C.). Se atestigua una notable actividad cinegética centrada sobre el conejo con aportes secundarios de ciervos, jabalíes y lince ibérico. Las evidencias pecuarias, centradas sobre caprinos y con équidos y gallinas como grupos secundarios, son marginales. Se asume que el perro actuó como auxiliar de caza y no tanto en la vigilancia de rebaños. En el caso de los macromamíferos, con excepción hecha del lince, las evidencias apuntan al consumo de la carne. El gato probablemente representó un animal de compañía en tanto que la presencia de lince se justificaría por su interés peletero. Tanto los équidos como el galápago parecen representar elementos de consumo. Frente a ellos, los restos de roedores representan animales comensales en tanto que los de sapo del género Bufo representan intrusivos
Characterization of NaOH-treated Colombian silverskin coffee fiber as a composite reinforcement
Authors: Ochoa Daniel Roberto Hernández , Rojas-Vargas Jorge Alexander , Costa Yasel
Published: March 2023

The effects of an alkali treatment with NaOH (5%, 10%, and 15%) was studied relative to the tensile and flexural mechanical properties of Colombian coffee silverskin fiber (CCSF)/polyester biocomposites. The CCSF was treated with NaOH for 30 min and then dried at 50 °C for 5 h. Laminates with a 35.1% volume fraction of fiber were prepared using a hand lay up manufacturing technique. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the fiber morphology. The results revealed that the specific maximum tensile and flexural strengths increased by 36.3% and 25.1%, respectively, the specific tensile and flexural moduli increased by 31.6% and 147.0%, respectively, and the tensile toughness was 67.9% higher compared with the untreated biocomposite. The flexural toughness decreased by 62.0%. The results suggested that mercerization is an effective method to treat CCSF/polyester biocomposites.
Characteristics of hot-compressed poplar wood boards
Authors: Ucuncu Tutku , Durmaz Ekrem , Kaymakci Alperen
Published: March 2023

The influence of thermal modification by hot-compressing was investigated relative to the physical, mechanical, anatomical, crystallinity, and colour characteristics of poplar wood boards. The boards were modified by a hot-compressed method under various temperature stages. The physical and mechanical properties of hot-compressed poplar wood increased with increased pressing temperature. Likewise, the highest crystallinity index (68.7%) of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses was found in the samples pressed at 210 °C. Microscopic investigation, revealed that there were some structural deformations in early and late wood, annual ring, etc., of the compressed samples at 170 °C, 190 °C, and 210 °C. In a colour measurement test, it was determined that samples had different colour values in terms of temperature increase. The results achieved in this study demonstrated that the physical and mechanical properties of hot-compressed boards improved with increased press temperature. As a result, a thermal compression method could be preferred to advance end-usage features of low-density wood materials produced from fast-growing tree species like poplar, Douglas fir, spruce, yellow pine, eucalyptus, etc.
Chromones and tannins from the fruit of Euscaphis japonica var. wupingensis
Authors: Liu Shunzhi , Zhu Tao , Qiu Yingkun , Qi Wenyu , Wu Hui , Cai Bangping , Lin Jinguo
Published: March 2023

Euscaphis japonica var. wupingensis is a variety of E. japonica in the family Staphyleaceae. The biological characteristics of E. japonica var. wupingensis have been well described, but few studies have been conducted on its constituents. After repeated separation using column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ten compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of fruit of E. japonica var. wupingensis. The structure of the components was characterized on the basis of spectroscopic data, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectra (MS). These compounds included five chromone derivatives: isobiflorin (1), biflorin (2), 2-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-chromone-7-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (5), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one (6), and quercetin-3-O-D-arabinoside (7), and four tannins: eugeniin (3), ellagic acid (8), 3, 3′-di-O-methylellagic acid 4-(5”-acetyl) -α-L-arabinofuranoside (9), 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid (10), and methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (4). The antioxidant activity of the isolated compounds were tested. Ellagic acid (8) exhibited potent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity with an SC50 value of 4.05 M.
Solubilization of inorganic phosphate by rhizospheric fungi isolated from soil cultivated with Sorghum bicolor L.
Authors: Abdel-Ghany Tarek M. , Mohamed Zeinhom H. , Al Abboud Mohamed A. , Helmy Eman A. , Al-Rajhi Aisha M. H. , Shater Abdel Rhaman M.
Published: March 2023

Three zinc-phosphate-solubilizing fungi (ZPSF) were isolated from rhizospheric soil cultivated with Sorghum bicolor L. The fungal isolates were identified as Aspergillus chevalieri, Fusarium moniliforme, and Trichoderma harzianum. The results showed that halo zone formation by ZPSF on Pikovskaya (PVK) agar medium plates was an indicator of zinc phosphate (ZP) solubilization. The lowest in pH of the inoculated medium containing ZP was observed with A. chevalieri, followed by T. harzianum, followed by F. moniliforme, compared with the initial pH (6.5) of the non-inoculated medium. ZP solubilization processes at different temperatures (10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C, and 40 °C) were conducted using ZPSF at different doses of ZP (0.5 g/L, 1 g/L, and 2 g/L). The released P, to P2O5, was monitored during the solubilization process. The released phosphorus increased as the temperature increased, with the greatest values of phosphorus obtained with F. moniliforme, A. chevalieri, and T. harzianum being 11.54 mg/L, 24.40 mg/L, and 28.40 mg/L, at 30 °C and a dose of 2 g/L of ZP, respectively. In contrast, the smallest values of phosphorus were 11.89 mg/L, 8.2 mg/L, and 7.97 mg/L, at 10 °C and a dose of 0.5 g/L of ZP, with F. moniliforme, A. chevalieri, and T. harzianum, respectively.
Tailoring the Effective Properties of Typha Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite via Alkali Treatment
Authors: Rizal Samsul , Ikramullah  , Gopakumar Deepu A. , Huzni Syifaul , Thalib Sulaiman , Syakir M. I. , Owolabi F. A. T. , Aprilla N. A. Sri , Paridah M. T. , Abdul Khalil H. P. S.
Published: March 2023

Typha fibers were chemically retted in 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h. Changes in chemical compositions of the untreated and treated fibers were monitored with Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, while changes in the crystallinity index were studied via X-ray diffraction. The FTIR spectra and scanning electron microscope images corroborated the successful removal of amorphous portions from the Typha leaf fibers during alkali treatment, which resulted in an enhanced crystallinity index for alkali-treated fibers. The alkali-treated Typha fiber for 1 h showed the highest water contact angle of 87.5°, while the untreated composite showed the lowest contact angle. Typha fiber treated for 4 h had high tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break of 158 MPa, 1600 MPa, and 7%, respectively. The results showed that there was a general increase in the interfacial shear strength of Typha fiber with epoxy resin and polyester resin with increased time. Both the mechanical properties and crystallinity index of the Typha leaf fibers increased with increased time of retting until 4 h, after which further alkaline retting resulted in decreased values. The overall results showed that alkaline-extracted Typha leaf fibers are suitable for biodegradable film composites.
Influence of hydrothermal treatment on hemicellulose structure in Cryptomeria japonica
Authors: Mori Yoshikazu , Suzuki Rensei , Yamashita Kana , Katayama Yoshihiro , Kiguchi Makoto
Published: March 2023

The influence of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) on the hemicellulose, i.e. glucomannan/galactoglucomannan (GM/GGM) and arabinoglucurono-xylan (AGX) in Japanese cedar was examined using mild temperatures (95 °C and 120 °C) for its kiln drying. Based on infrared spectra, only a slight change due to HTT was observed in the hemicellulose chemical structure. The quantitative changes of the major chemical components including lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose also exhibited slight differences among samples. However, the molecular chain-length composition of GM/GGM and AGX in the cell walls decreased clearly with HTT, as well as with an increase in temperature. Also, it was found that the strength of the interaction between cellulose and hemicellulose molecules such as GM/GGM and AGX in cell walls decreased depending on the increase in HTT temperature. These results showed that the polymeric structure of GM/GGM and AGX was degraded by hydrolysis at 95 °C of HTT and proceeded further at 120 °C of HTT.
Improved properties of particleboards produced with urea formaldehyde adhesive containing nanofibrillated cellulose and titanium dioxide
Authors: Yalçın Ömer Ümit
Published: March 2023

Urea-formaldehyde is one of the commonly used resin types in the particleboard industry. In this study, the effect of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) addition in the formulation of the urea formaldehyde resin on the physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of particleboard samples was investigated. The NFC (0.5% and 1%) and TiO2 (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) were added to the 10% adhesive formulation. Two different pressure times, 4 and 8 min, were applied during the production of samples. Subsequently, the water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), internal bonding strength (IB), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and statistical analysis of test samples were determined. The thickness swelling values ranged from 19.9% to 34.9% and WA values were from 74.50% to 110.6%. However, the maximum MOR, MOE, and IB values were 22.2 MPa, 2570 MPa, and 1.1 MPa, respectively.
Presencia de medicamentos falsificados en el Perú 2015-2019: consecuencias socioeconómicas y para la salud pública
Authors: Torres Roberto , Mostacero Fredy , Castillo Pedro
Published: March 2023

Objective. To determine the amount of counterfeit drugs admitted to the National Center for Quality Control of the National Institute of Health during the period 2015-2019 and the socioeconomic and public health consequences in our society. Methods. The analysis of the information collected corresponds to counterfeit medicines. This information was processed in a structured spreadsheet with the necessary parameters. Results. Counterfeit medicines in relation to the total medicines analyzed were: 5.7; 7.2; 4.9; 17.0 and 13.3% in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. Of 547 counterfeit medicines, according to the ATC Classification, the following therapeutic subgroups stand out: anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products (22.1%) and antibacterials for systemic use (16.5%). The predominant form of counterfeiting was medicines without an active ingredient (38.6%), followed by those with the correct dose of the active ingredient but from a manufacturer other than the one declared (36.9%). The predominantly counterfeit dosage forms were tablets (69.7%), injectables (8.2%), and capsules (6.8%). 43.7% of counterfeit medicines were of unknown origin. Conclusions. The presence of 8.5% of counterfeit medicines in our country is a problem that not only affects public health, but also causes considerable economic losses, US$177 million per year, and unemployment, 8,791 jobs per year. Metropolitan Lima with 71.7%, continues to be the main focus of the commercialization of counterfeit medicines; whose existence not only occurs in informal markets, but prevails in formal markets. The contribution of this study seeks to be able to develop multisectoral policies that allow stopping the commercialization of these products that represent a scourge in our country.
Seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en pacientes con artrosis en una oficina farmacéutica privada
Authors: Flores Julián Corina , Ramos Cevallos Norma , Condorhuamán Figueroa Martin
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to carry out pharmacotherapeutic follow-up (SFT) in patients with osteoarthritis, evaluating the level of knowledge, pharmacotherapeutic adherence, identification of drug-related problem (DRP) and quality of life. It is a descriptive, observational and longitudinal study in twenty patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The data collection, from the patients recruited in a private pharmaceutical office, was carried out by means of instruments that consist of the formulation of surveys carried out in the patient’s home. The predominant sex was female (90%) and an age range of 56 to 60 years (40%), with comorbidities being arterial hypertension (45%), osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus, the average of the intensity measurement scale pain was reduced by 2 points (p<0.05) and quality of life improved (p<0.05). The level of knowledge about osteoarthritis was rated before and after the study, who managed to increase after the study to 18 patients (95% good rating). 90% of patients were non-adherent to treatment; the SFT was able to identify 57 PRM, the PRM 1 of necessity prevailed, which in 18 patients do not receive the medication they need, followed by the PRM 5, where 15 people suffer a health problem as a result of a non-quantitative insecurity of a drug and PRM 2. It is concluded that pharmacotherapeutic follow-up through pharmaceutical intervention has a positive impact on patients with osteoarthritis.
Seguimiento farmacoterapéutico a pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del Centro de Salud I-4 Nauta
Authors: Raygada-Ramirez Patricia , Ramos-Cevallos Norma
Published: March 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is increasing worldwide and in Peru; so that patients suffering from this disease may present problems related to medications. The objective of this research was to provide a Pharmacotherapeutic Follow-up (SFT) service to older adult patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus; at the same time identify the type of problems and the causes that generate the Problems Related to Medications (PRM); as well as pharmaceutical intervention (FI) and pharmacotherapeutic compliance of patients for prevention. It is a prospective, descriptive, and longitudinal study. Using the tools of the Dáder methodology to carry out pharmacotherapeutic follow-up (SFT), the evaluation of compliance and knowledge was carried out using the Morisky-Green test; Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were treated at the I-4 Nauta Health Center, were evaluated for three months. 13 patients were included in the study. In total, 13 drug-related problems (DRPs) were detected, with 1 DRP (53.8%) being the most frequent, followed by 4 DRPs (15.4%). Inadequate conservation (23.1%) and non-compliance with treatment (30.8%) were identified as the most frequent causes. Through the SFT, the type and causes that generate drug-related problems (PRM) were identified, and at the same time it was observed that 61.5% corresponded to need, 23.1% to effectiveness, and 15.4% to safety. It was concluded that the optimization of the SFT is positively influenced in the improvement of the patient’s health status.
Scientific Information Analysis Using Text Analysis Tool “Voyant Tools”
Authors: Kairaitytė-Užupė Aušra , Ramanauskaitė Egidija , Rudžionis Vytautas Evaldas
Published: March 2023

This article describes the use of “Voyant Tools”, an open access text analysis application, to examine a corpus of articles from open access journals, dealing with the topic of digital humanities. The corpus consisted of 404 articles recorded in the “Clarivate Analytics Web of Science” and “Scopus ScienceDirect” databases. The authors discuss how “Voyant Tools” aids to identify the dominant fields of research through quantitative methods and to reveal the main discourse themes using distant reading and interactive reading capabilities. They also identify some problems encountered during the analyses, and also discuss the usefulness of data visualization for research and interpretation. Computer tools can be useful for experienced researchers who are interested in quantitative text analysis, as well as for beginners, as it provides an opportunity to acquire basic knowledge that will lead to a deeper interest in textual analysis methods.
Study of the psychomotor abilities of athletes in cyclic sports, martial arts and esports
Authors: Рiatysotska Svitlana , Mulyk Viacheslav , Huba Anatolyi , Dolgopolova Nataliia , Yefremenko Andrii , Zhernovnikova Yana
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to conduct a comparative analysis of psychomotor abilities in athletes of cyclic sports (short track), martial arts (karate, taekwondo) and esports (CS:GO).

Materials, participants and methods: The study involved athletes of percussion martial arts (n=10, age 18,9±0,12, candidates for master of sports), elite players of semi-professional CS:GO teams (n=10, age 19,2±0,50), short track speed skaters (n=10, age 19±0,09, masters of sports). The choice reaction time, the frequency of local movements (60-second tapping test), and the reaction time to a change in the size of the object (Size-test) were determined.

Research results. Esports athletes have the best reaction time of choice and tapping test compared to other athletes. The wrestlers showed the best reaction to distinguishing the size of an object in the Size-Test. Skaters have high rates of complex reaction time and frequency of movements. The duration of the tapping test has a likely inverse relationship with the frequency of tapping.

Conclusions. It was found that esports athletes have a significantly better choice reaction time (p<0,05) than martial arts athletes. The results of short track skaters do not have significant differences with martial arts and esports athletes (p>0.05). The results of the tapping test in terms of the total number of movements and the average number for 5 s in esports athletes tend to be higher compared to short track speed skaters and martial arts athletes. The fastest response time to a change in the size of an object in the Size-test was shown by martial arts athletes, the slowest by short-track skaters. This reflects the trend towards better results of this type of reaction in martial arts athletes compared to short track speed skaters and esports athletes.
Kinetics of morphofunctional changes in the center of inflammation of pulmonary tissue caused by staphylococcus aureus
Authors: GA Sadikova , HU Rakhmatullaev , ZS Zalyalova
Published: March 2023

In three experimental series of experimental animals caused by inflammation model with a standard strain of Staphylococcus aureus. (Strain WOOD -46). Held control of the morphological and functional changes in the lung tissue at different times from the beginning of the introduction of Staphylococcus aureus. The histological method was used. The observations indicate a dose-dependent morphological changes in the lung tissue with inflammation caused by various doses of the standard Staphylococcus aureus.
The art of Epitranscriptomics
Authors: Anurogo Dito
Published: March 2023

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-3139
Rehabilitation of a rare presentation of tuberculous meningoencephalitis: a case report
Authors: Verraest Xénia , Ermida Filipe , Paiva António , Nunesv Raquel , Repas Francisco , Oliveira Sandra , Carvalho Filipe
Published: March 2023

Tuberculous Meningoencephalitis (TBM) is an infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly involves the meninges and brain parenchyma, as well as the spinal cord and meninges. The spectrum of complications of TBM includes hydrocephalus, tuberculoma formation and stroke. Stroke secondary to TBM can cause irreversible brain damage and lead to poor clinical outcomes. TBM diagnosis is challenging due to atypical early symptoms and delayed laboratory examination. Therefore, early identification, diagnosis and treatment are often difficult. Rehabilitation is one of the key components in managing TBM and is expected to enhance recovery and prevent disabilities.
Substantiation of the Structural and Technological Parameters of the Working Body of the Milling Grain Shredder
Authors: Aleshkin Aleksey V. , Bulatov Sergey Yu. , Nechaev Vladimir N. , Nizovtsev Sergey L.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. One of the main components in the diet of farm animals is concentrated feed, which in Russia is grinded by shredders. At the same time, in the final product, there is a high dust content, which can be reduced by using grinders with a different principle of grinding. The design of a milling shredder, in which grains are crushed by cutting, is proposed.
Aim of the Article. The article presents theoretical studies of the influence of design and technological parameters of a milling shredder on the conditions of grain motion along the tooth of the working body.
Materials and Methods. The theoretical study of the developed shredder was carried out using averaged acceleration methods. The tooth surface of the working organ was studied.
Results. As a result of theoretical studies, equations describing the motion of a particle along the working body tooth surface were obtained. There has been developed a program to facilitate the process of analyzing the influence of the structural and technological parameters of the shredder on the process of particle motion along the tooth surface.
Discussion and Conclusion. There is a directly proportional decrease in the time of motion of the particle along the working body tooth surface with increasing the angular velocity. At the same time, increasing the angle leads to the increase of the time of the particle along the tooth surface. The increase of angular velocity values leads to decreasing particle displacement along the axis. At the angle of 45° displacement along the axis is 1.1‒1.5 times less than at an angle of 70°. At high angular velocities, the moving along the axis is minimal. The analysis, given the need to create a smoother motion of the particle along the helical line, shows that the most rational will be the following values: angle 70° and angular velocity of the working body 185‒206 rad/s.
Assessment of Tribotechnical Properties of Consolidated Materials Obtained by Electrospark Processing
Authors: Velichko Sergey A. , Martynov Alexei V. , Martynova Elena G.
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction. The bakery industry is an agricultural industry of high-level processing of raw materials focuses on the end-consumer. In the production of bakery products one of the operations of the technological process is performed by dough dividers of vacuumpiston type, whose service life is 30‒40% lower than the normative. The most promising method for restoration of worn parts of the suction mechanism is electrospark processing. When selecting the electrode material, it is important that they have not only low erosion resistance, but also high tribotechnical properties.
Aim of the Article. The article deals with problem of selecting electric coatings to reduce wear of working surfaces of suction mechanism parts during repair of vacuum piston-type dough dividers.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of the properties of electropark coatings was carried out by nondestructive testing methods using modern research equipment; the results were processed using the Compass-3D program.
Results. There are determined the values of physical, mechanical, frictional and tribotechnical properties of electrospark coatings made of BrOS10-10 bronze and Kh15N60 alloy. The total wear rate for BrOS10-10 bronze coating was 8,3 ∙ 10‒12, and for Kh15N60 alloy 15 ∙ 10‒12.
Discussion and Conclusion. Total wear rate on the friction machine of bronze coated samples is lower than that of basic friction pair in 1.4 times, and of alloy coated samples ‒ higher in 1.26 times. Adding of MODENGY solid-lubricant coating to the coating from the alloy reduces its abrasion ability by 3 times, and the total wear rate ‒ by 1.34 times in comparison with the base friction pair. The used calculation-experimental method showed low wear rate of electrospark coatings of bronze and alloy in relation to the material of parts of the suction mechanism of vacuum-piston-type dough dividing machines.
Targeted Energy Delivery and Heat-Mass Transfer Processes in Systems with Nano-, Micro-, and Macroelements
Authors: Gavrilov Aleksandr V. , Gerber Yuriy B.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The production of modern technologies should take into account a comprehensive analysis of energy, biotechnological and thermophysical phenomena. The main processes in food technologies are the processes of heat and mass transfer, which need to be intensified.
Aim of the Article. The aim of the work is studying the mechanisms and modeling the kinetics of heat and mass transfer in the microware field in the technologies for complex processing of food raw materials.
Materials and Methods. The combination of thermal, hydrodynamic and diffusion driving forces with their coordinated action is able to solve problematic issues of processing raw materials, primarily food. Using the principles of the similarity theory, there is proposed a dimensionless complex – the number of energy action, which reflects the influence of the electromagnetic field.
Results. Direct, targeted energy supply to the liquid phase of raw materials makes it possible to obtain a solid phase in the apparatus. These are fundamentally new features for the dehydration process. Boil-off rates at constant electromagnetic field intensity depend only on the solvent type. As a result of processing all experimental points, a criterion equation was obtained, it establishes the dependence of the energy action number on the dimensionless pressure and the dimensionless heat of the phase transition.
Discussion and Conclusion. There are developed a new class of heat and mass exchange equipment ‒ electrodynamic apparatuses. The experimental results suggest that the flow from capillaries and nano-capillaries is initiated much faster when organizing the processes of targeted energy delivery with the involvement of pulsed microware field. An important advantage of electrodynamic extractors is the possibility of obtaining polyextracts. Food technologies with targeted energy delivery during evaporating, drying and extracting are resource- and energy-efficient and ensure full preservation of raw material potential.
Structural brain differences related to compulsive sexual behavior disorder
Authors: Görts Per , Savard Josephine , Görts-Öberg Katarina , Dhejne Cecilia , Arver Stefan , Jokinen Jussi , Ingvar Martin , Abé Christoph
Published: March 2023

Background and aims

Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) has been included as an impulse control disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying CSBD remain largely unknown, and given previous indications of addiction-like mechanisms at play, the aim of the present study was to investigate if CSBD is associated with structural brain differences in regions involved in reward processing.

Methods

We analyzed structural MRI data of 22 male CSBD patients (mean = 38.7 years, SD = 11.7) and 20 matched healthy controls (HC; mean = 37.6 years, SD = 8.5). Main outcome measures were regional cortical thickness and surface area. We also tested for case-control differences in subcortical structures and the effects of demographic and clinical variables, such as CSBD symptom severity, on neuroimaging outcomes. Moreover, we explored case-control differences in regions outside our hypothesis including white matter.

Results

CSBD patients had significantly lower cortical surface area in right posterior cingulate cortex than HC. We found negative correlations between right posterior cingulate area and CSBD symptoms scores. There were no group differences in subcortical volume.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that CSBD is associated with structural brain differences, which contributes to a better understanding of CSBD and encourages further clarifications of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the disorder.
Emergency Department Visit Rates for Motor Vehicle Crashes by Selected Characteristics: United States, 2019–2020
Authors: Davis Danielle , Cairns Christoper
Published: March 2023

This report examines 2019–2020 NHAMCS emergency department (ED) data to determine the number of ED visits for motor vehicle crashes annually.
EN PRENSA. Análisis del índice de la ventaja comparativa revelada normalizada para el mezcal, tequila y ron en México. EN PRENSA
Authors: López Santiago Marco Andrés , Sánchez Toledano Blanca Isabel , Valdivia Alcalá Ramón , Hernández Ortiz Juan , García-Vázquez R. , Vásquez Maya Irene Isabel
Published: March 2023

En esta investigación se analizó la dinámica del patrón de ventajas comparativas para un grupo de tres bebidas alcohólicas (mezcal, tequila y ron) que exportó México al mercado de Estados Unidos (Internacional). Se utilizó información secundaria de exportaciones para la construcción del Índice de Ventaja Comparativa Revelada Normalizada para mostrar la ventaja comparativa y competitividad productiva que tuvieron estos tres productos destilados. Los resultados mostraron que México tiene competitividad internacional para el mezcal y el tequila, el valor del índice de ventaja comparativa fue mayor que cero en el período 1994-2020, además tiene una tendencia en aumento en el largo plazo. En contraste, el ron mostró un valor negativo (no competitivo) en el índice de ventaja comparativa en 2005-2020. Se concluye que el mezcal y el tequila poseen competitividad en el mercado internacional, mientras que, el ron ha perdido dicha competitividad. La industria de tequila se encuentra cada vez más consolidada y con mejor promoción en los mercados internacionales.
Predictive value of cardiovascular risk factors in the formation of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: results of a 27-year cohort prospective study
Authors: Dolgalev I. V. , Ivanova A. Yu. , Karpov R. S.
Published: March 2023

Aim. To study the prognostic significance of cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) in the formation of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality based on the results of a 27-year prospective cohort study of Tomsk population of both sexes aged 20-59 years.

Material and methods. The object of study was random house-to-house sample of Tomsk population. In total, 1546 people (630 men and 916 women) aged 20-59 were examined. In 1988-1991, the prevalence of following cardiovascular RFs was studied: hypertension (HTN), overweight, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypercholesterolemia (HCE), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (hypo-HDL-emia), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). All examination methods used were strictly standardized. To determine the RF, the criteria generally accepted in epidemiological studies were used. Over 27 years of follow-up, 330 deaths were recorded, including 142 due to cardiovascular disease.

Results. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, the following va­riables were studied: HTN, overweight, smoking, alcohol consumption, HCE, hypo-HDL-emia, HTG, coronary artery disease (CAD) (according to epi­demio­logical criteria), and age. The strongest predictor of of all-cause death was frequent alcohol use (relative risk (RR) 2,75). Smoking increased the risk of death by 2,72 times. Among former smokers, the risk of all-cause death was 1,9 times higher compared to non-smokers. HTN increases the death risk by 1,61 times. Each year of life lived increases the death risk by 1,06 times. The most significant risk factor for death from CVD was frequent alcohol consumption (RR 3,01). Smoking increases the cardiovascular death risk by 2,28 times. Among former smokers, the RR of cardiovascular death was 1,91. HTN increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality by 1,84 times compared with people with normal blood pressure. Each year of life lived increases the risk of cardiovascular death by 1,1 times. In multivariate analysis, overweight, HCE, hypo-HDL-emia, HTG did not have a significant independent effect on the all-cause and cardiovascular death risk.

Conclusion. In a 27-year cohort prospective study, independent predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, along with hypertension and age, were lifestyle risk factors, such as smoking and frequent alcohol consumption.
Association of impaired myocardial flow reserve with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Maltseva A. N. , Kop’eva K. V. , Mochula A. V. , Gulya M. O. , Dymbrylova O. N. , Grakova E. V. , Boshchenko A. A. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: March 2023

Aim. To reveal the association between disorders of myocardial blood flow and reserve, according to dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. The study included patients with suspected stable nonobstructive (<50%) CAD. Based on the survey data, anamnesis, out- and in-patient medical records, we analyzed main CVD risk factors. All patients underwent dynamic myocardial SPECT and analysis of blood lipid profile in vitro. Depending on myocardial flow reserve (MFR), two groups were formed: 1. With reduced MFR <2,0 (rMFR); 2. With normal MFR ≥2,0 (nMFR).

Results. The study included 47 patients divided into 2 following groups: the rMFR group consisted of 24 patients (15 men, age 56,3±9,1 years), the nMFR group — 23 patients (13 men, age 58,4±10,7 years). There was no significant difference in prevalence of CVD risk factors in groups. However, dyslipidemia was detected more often in rMFR patients (p=0,053): 58% vs 30%, respectively. In patients with rMFR, there were significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Correlation analysis revealed significant negative inverse relationships between MFR values with TC (ρ=-0,36, p=0,01) and LDL-C (ρ=-0,38, p=0,009). According to univariate logistic regression, significant predictors of reduced MFR were TC (odds ratio (OR), 2,32; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,17-4,59; p=0,01) and LDL-C (OR, 2,16; 95% CI, 1,04-4,51; p=0,04). According to a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, only TC was an independent predictor of a decrease in MFR (OR, 2,32; 95% CI, 1,17-4,59; p=0,02).

Conclusion. MFR, determined by dynamic SPECT, is associated with TC and LDL-C levels. TC level is an independent predictor of a decrease in MFR.
Predictors of post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm
Authors: Tishkina I. E. , Pereverzeva K. G. , Yakushin S. S.
Published: March 2023

Post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is a complication of myocardial infarction (MI), which is of great clinical importance due to high mortality. Data on its incidence are contradictory. The aim of the review was to highlight the existing and novel predictors of post-infarction LVA, the identification of which will help in identifying high-risk patients in order to optimize their treatment and rehabilitation. Known predictors of post-infarction LVA include pain-to-balloon time, age, female sex, recurrent MI, coronary angiography parameters, echocardiography, and electrocardiography. Increased levels of leukocytes, C-reactive protein, growth differentiation factor, stimulating growth factor, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, matrix metalloproteinases, proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide >400 pg/ml indicate the risk of pathological left ventricular remodeling and LVA. In this connection, there is a need to assess the incidence of post-infarction LVA and a comprehensive assessment of its predictors in patients with MI.