bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Control of capillary instability under hydrodynamic impact on the reservoir
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Panahov Geylani M. , Abbasov Eldar M. ,   Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Sultanov Babek N. ,   nstitute of Geology and Geophysics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of studies on optimisation of water impact on a reservoir by means of sequential periodic increase in hydrodynamic pressure in order to extract capillary trapped oil. The method provides a coordinated account of both displacement conditions and capacitive-filtration characteristics of fluid-saturated reservoirs. The results of experimental, theoretical and field studies of mass transfer processes in the presence of hydrodynamic nonequilibrium in heterogeneous porous media are presented. This paper considers a case where capillary forces are the determining factor for the displacement of immiscible liquids. Laboratory test results have shown that the formation of CO2 in the reaction of an alkaline solution with naphthenic components can make an additional contribution to the control of surface tension in porous media. A series of experimental studies were carried out on a core sample model to simulate the oil displacement by in-situ generated CO2 gas-liquid system. The article offers an analytical and technological solution to the problem of ensuring the value of “capillary number” and capillary penetration corresponding to the most complete extraction of trapped oil by regulating the “rate” of filtration (hydrodynamic injection pressure). The paper presents the field cases of implementing the new reservoir stimulation techniques to increase sweep efficiency. For effective residual oil recovery in fluid flow direction, conditions of stepwise (staged) maintenance of specified hydrodynamic water pressure at the boundary of injection contour are considered. Estimated calculations allow to determine time duration and stage-by-stage control of injection pressure as a requirement for reaching the expected increase in oil recovery.
Influence of the non-equilibrium state of real gases on their properties
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute “Geotechnological Problems of Oil, Gas & Chemistry”, Aliyev Vasif I. , Aslanov Jamaladdin N. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Nabiev Nadir I. ,   Scientific Research Institute “Geotechnological Problems of Oil, Gas & Chemistry”, Rahimova Mahluqa S. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: March 2023

"This scientific work presents a study of areas of application and improvement for the Clapeyron–Mendeleev equation to determine the technological parameters of natural and associated petroleum gas under field conditions. As a result of scientific and practical research and laboratory work, the authors, based on the molecular kinetic theory of gases, developed and improved the Clapeyron–Mendeleev equations of state of real gases by adding some genuine parameters for natural and associated petroleum gases produced from oil and gas condensate fields. In this regard, two additional parameters are introduced in the Clapeyron–Mendeleev equation-relative density and relative velocity of gas: and this, as a new scientific result, helps determine any parameter from the seven included in the equation of state of natural and associated petroleum gases developed by the authors. Continuous technological process according to the system of “production, collection, preparation and transportation of products (oil + gas)”, including, separately in non-equilibrium conditions of “collection, preparation and transportation of gas” due to internal energy, causes a natural change in a wide range of basic technological parameters that contribute to frequent changes in the physical and chemical state of the gas. Therefore, this work establishes that one of the main tasks is to show the composition of natural and associated petroleum gas as a result of irreversible transformations of hydrocarbon and acidic components of its internal energy, as a result of which the gas is characterised by a number of patterns in the composition and distribution of components of various hydrocarbon and heterogeneous compositions (i.e., physically and chemically heterogeneous). In these conditions, a practical calculation of gas facilities (gas treatment point, selection of gas separators, field gas pipelines, compressor stations) is carried out to determine process parameters using the Clapeyron–Mendeleev equation of state for real gases, and the results show large errors. This proves once again that many authors have developed equations of state for real gases based on the results of laboratory studies with single-atomic and laboratory gases (hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.). However, the authors here carried out laboratory studies with products and associated petroleum gas. According to the results of laboratory studies, the authors recommend an improvement of the equation of state of natural and associated petroleum gases.
Badania nad opracowaniem zaczynów cementowych do podziemnego magazynowania wodoru w kawernach solnych
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kędzierski Miłosz , Rzepka Marcin ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: March 2023

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań nad opracowaniem zaczynów cementowych przeznaczonych do podziemnego magazynowania wodoru w kawernach solnych. Receptury cementowe opracowane zostały w Instytucie Nafty i Gazu – Państwowym Instytucie Badawczym w Laboratorium Zaczynów Uszczelniających. Badania przeprowadzono dla temperatury 45°C i ciśnienia 10 MPa. W badanych zaczynach cementowych jako spoiwo wiążące zastosowano cement wiertniczy G. Zaczyny cementowe sporządzano na solance o pełnym nasyceniu o gęstości 1,2 g/cm3 ze względu na bezpośrednią obecność soli w otworze. Do solanki dodawano kolejno środki: odpieniający, upłynniający i obniżający filtrację. Pozostałe składniki: mikrocement, gips modelowy oraz cement mieszano ze sobą i wprowadzano następnie do wody zarobowej. W przypadku każdego zaczynu cementowego wykonywano badania parametrów technologicznych, takich jak: właściwości reologiczne, gęstość, rozlewność, odstój wody oraz czas gęstnienia zaczynu. Przeprowadzano również badania wytrzymałości na ściskanie po 2 dniach oraz po 3, 5 i 8 miesiącach, a także pomiar porowatości stwardniałych zaczynów cementowych po 8 miesiącach deponowania we w pełni nasyconej solance. Na opracowanych zaczynach wykonano również badanie szczelności stwardniałego zaczynu cementowego dla wodoru. Opracowane zaczyny cementowe charakteryzowały się dobrymi parametrami reologicznymi oraz zerowym odstojem wody. Gęstości zaczynów cementowych wahały się w przedziale od 1900 kg/m3 do 1910 kg/m3. Wszystkie zbadane stwardniałe zaczyny cementowe charakteryzowały się zwartą mikrostrukturą o niskiej zawartości makroporów. Udział porów o średnicy powyżej 10 000 nm wyniósł od 1,9% do 2,5% ilości wszystkich porów. Natomiast udział porów o średnicy poniżej 100 nm w całej matrycy stwardniałego zaczynu cementowego wyniósł od 95,9% do 96,9%. Średni strumień objętości przepływu wodoru przez stwardniały zaczyn cementowy miał wartość od 0,686 cm3/min do 6,85 cm3/min. Dla ustabilizowanych wartości strumienia objętości przepływu obliczono współczynniki przepuszczalności. Średnie wartości współczynnika przepuszczalności dla stwardniałego zaczynu cementowego wynosiły od 0,0000281 mD do 0,000284 mD, co świadczy o dobrej szczelności uzyskanych stwardniałych zaczynów cementowych.
Metody efektywnego i bezpiecznego magazynowania wodoru jako warunek powszechnego jego wykorzystania w transporcie i energetyce
Authors:   Politechnika Warszawska, Siekierski Maciej , Majewska Karolina ,   Politechnika Warszawska, Mroczkowska-Szerszeń Maja ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: March 2023

Uwarunkowania ekologiczne, ale także polityczne, a w ostatnim czasie również ekonomiczne związane z galopującym wzrostem cen surowców energetycznych, jak i samej energii, stały się powodem silnie rosnącego zainteresowania zarówno wydajnymi źródłami energii, jak też „czystymi” paliwami, w tym wodorem. Wprowadzenie wodoru do powszechnego użytku w transporcie i energetyce wiąże się jednak z szeregiem problemów natury technicznej, często rozwiązanych w skali laboratoryjnej, jednak ciągle oczekujących na wdrożenia. Katalog zagadnień związanych z wykorzystaniem wodoru jako paliwa do powszechnego użytku jest bardzo długi, jednak w niniejszej pracy skupiamy się na przybliżeniu problematyki dotyczącej przechowywania wodoru. Jako istotne omówione są kwestie metod sprężania, skraplania i lokalnego wytwarzania wodoru, a także przechowywania go i transportu w postaci związków chemicznych o różnej budowie. Pośród omówionych związków znalazły się między innymi wodorki metali o wysokiej aktywności chemicznej, borowodorek sodowy, amidoborany. Jako osobna grupa organicznych nośników wodoru mogą być rozpatrywane związki takie jak kwas mrówkowy, toluen, naftalen, a także inne mogące ulegać odwracalnemu uwodornieniu, jak pary aren–cykloalkan. Naświetlone zostały także problemy technologiczne związane z wykorzystaniem wspomnianych związków w przechowywaniu i transporcie wodoru. Istotną kwestię stanowią także metody wielkoskalowego magazynowania tego gazu, dlatego też w artykule zasygnalizowane zostały zagadnienia dotyczące problematyki podziemnych magazynów gazu (PMG) wykorzystywanych do magazynowania wodoru czy wreszcie – magazynowania go w istniejącej infrastrukturze przesyłowej. Ponadto przybliżony został zarys najistotniejszych uwarunkowań prawnych oraz strategii dotyczących wodoru, zarówno w skali kraju, jak i wspólnoty europejskiej.
Memorias nómadas: autonomía, territorio y gentrificación. La disputa por el centro de Madrid
Authors: Sánchez Llorca Ana
Published: March 2023

El texto alude a cómo la construcción de memoria sobre procesos colectivos de autoorganización, como expresiones de resistencias al proceso de gentrificación y turistificación iniciado en el Centro de Madrid (España) entre 1997 y 2003 y hasta nuestros días generó fuertes disidencias entre los habitantes. Este se fundamenta a partir del material documental e iconográfico ubicado en el archivo del Centro Social El Laboratorio, así como en las voces que se hallaron en el entramado comunitario en el barrio de Lavapiés (Madrid), en la lucha por el derecho a la ciudad, que infieren un debate entre tradición y modernidad. Esto permite apreciar cómo la memoria en torno a un territorio se construye y reconfigura a partir de la experiencia vivida, de los conflictos y cómo la memoria de la resistencia es en sí, se convierte en un modo de debatir tanto el pasado como las lecturas presentes en torno al territorio. De esta manera, se pretende problematizar los modos de mirar el pasado, así como en la forma de pensar e imaginar modos «otros» de organización social.
Procesos de turistización de memoriales en Latinoamérica: ¿oportunidad o amenaza para la reparación? Análisis de casos singulares. 1990-2020
Authors: Goycoolea Prado Roberto , Núñez Martí Paz
Published: March 2023

En las tres últimas décadas se observa un aumento importante de los procesos de turistización de los lugares de la memoria, con impactos también crecientes, aunque no homogéneos, enla consecución de una justa reparación social y espacial. Ante ello, se sostiene en este artículo que la naturaleza e intensidad del impacto turístico depende de cómo se materializan los memoriales. Según lo estudiado, habría tres modalidades de materializarlos, distinguidas por el lugar dónde se construyen, sus características formales y quién los promociona y gestiona.Para desarrollar esta tesis, de cada modalidad se estudiaron dos memoriales latinoamericanos, seleccionados por constituir casos paradigmáticos y generalizables. Los resultados muestran, por un lado, que el turismo se ha convertido en un factor clave paraaumentar el interés y el número de visitantes de memoriales y, con ello, estaría contribuyendo a la reparación de víctimas y espacios; pero, por otro, que bajo ciertas condiciones la irrupciónturística desencadena procesos inquietantes para la memoria, la reparación de las víctimas y del espacio rememorado. Impactos que van desde banalizar a ocultar, de musealizar aespectacularizar, hasta llega, incluso, al uso intencionado del turismo como forma de blanquear territorios traumatizados, tanto en términos de memoria como de reparación.
TÜRKİYE’DE EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN CİNSİYET VE EĞİTİM TEMELİNDE İŞSİZLİĞE ETKİSİ
Authors: AKSOY Nagihan , IVRENDİ Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada VAR yönteminden yararlanarak 2009:Q1-2020:Q4 dönemi için Türkiye’de ekonomik büyümenin cinsiyet ve eğitim temelinde işsizlik oranına etkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışmada büyüme oranını temsilen cari fiyatlarla reel gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla değişkeni, işsizlik oranını temsilen genel işsizlik, erkek işsizlik ve kadın işsizlik oranı kullanılmaktadır. Literatürden farklı olarak hem kadın hem de erkeklerin eğitim seviyesine göre işsizlik oranları modellere dahil edilerek Türkiye’de büyüme oranlarının hangi cinsiyet ve eğitim seviyesinde işsizliğe daha fazla etki ettiği saptanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında yapılan literatür araştırmasında ekonomik büyümenin kadın ve erkek işsizlik oranına etkisini inceleyen çalışmalara sıkça rastlanırken, ekonomik büyümenin kadın ve erkeklerin eğitim durumlarına göre işsizlikleri üzerindeki etkisini analiz eden bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu yönüyle çalışmanın literatüre katkı yapması beklenmektedir. Çalışmanın hem betimsel (descriptive) hem de ekonometrik analizi iki önemli bulguyu saptamaktadır. Birincisi, ele alınan dönemde, ekonomik büyümenin genel ve erkek işsizlik oranı düşürdüğü ancak kadın işsizlik oranı üzerinde etkili olmadığını göstermektedir. İkinci bulgu ise ekonomik büyümenin erkeklerde temel ve orta eğitim seviyesindeki işsizliği azaltırken ileri eğitim seviyesinde etki etmediği, kadınlarda ise herhangi bir eğitim seviyesinde işsizliği düşürmediği yönündedir.
MODERN ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY IN PNEUMONIA
Authors: KURYANOV VASILIY O.
Published: March 2023

We consider modern development of diagnostic radiology in pneumonia, and establish available types of diagnostic radiology for this disease. The work will focus on radio diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Several studies have been carried out on the problem of diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia, and new data are constantly emerging on various aspects of this issue. Regular updating of knowledge on this subject is necessary. Specialists use diagnostic radiology methods to detect pneumonia very often, including those caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. These methods are also used to assess the complications of the disease, differential diagnosis with other lung diseases, as well as to determine the severity and dynamics of changes, to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Radiation methods are also needed to detect and evaluate the nature of pathological changes in other anatomical areas and as a means of control for invasive medical interventions. This research is also aimed at highlighting the most important criteria for radio diagnosis of pathological changes in the lungs in patients with pneumonia (including those caused by a new coronavirus infection) according to national and foreign authors.
LARGE UTERINE FIBROIDS AFTER COMPLICATED CAESAREAN SECTION (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: MAYOROVA LARISA V. , CHERNEVA KRISTINA V. , KUSKOV ALEKSANDR A.
Published: March 2023

Uterine fibroids is a benign, encapsulated tumor of the female genital area, often found in reproductive age. The pathogenetic mechanism and causes of the development of uterine fibroids are unknown, hence there are questions and disputes on identifying causation. A predisposition of fibroids can serve as chronic inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs, methods of surgical treatment (artificial abortions, cesarean section, biopsy of lining of uterus), dysfunctions of the hypothalamus-pituitary gland-adrenal glands-ovaries, heredity, occupational hazards, extragenital diseases. One of the current issues of modern obstetric and gynecological care is the increasing frequency of cesarean section. Caesarean section is one of the most important risk factors for infection, which causes adverse long-term complications for a woman’s health. Research purpose : to highlight with an example of clinical case how a complicated caesarean section provoked the occurrence of complicated large uterine fibroids in a woman of the reproductive period. The presented material describes a clinical case of a patient who underwent surgical treatment in the gynecological department with a diagnosis of “Multiple uterine fibroids. Tumor growth. Hypermenstrual syndrome. Posthemorrhagic anemia”. The presented clinical case emphasizes the need for a qualified approach to operative delivery, the technique of performing a caesarean section and postoperative management. Conclusion . Treatment of patients with uterine fibroids should be carried out in full, including observation and monitoring for early detection of this pathology, as well as timely preoperative preparation with surgical treatment such as myomectomy and metroplasty. In the early and late postoperative period, measures after caesarean section should be comprehensive and include timely detection of infectious complications, rational antibiotic therapy.
COVID-19 Vaccination in the Portuguese Medical Community: An Unprecedented Campaign Coordinated by the Portuguese Medical Association
Authors: Guimarães Miguel , Correia Rubina , Vargas Susana , Froes Filipe
Published: March 2023

N/a.
A Closed-Form Expression for the Unit Step Function
Authors: Venetis John
Published: March 2023

In this paper, an analytical form of the Unit Step Function (or Heaviside Step function) is presented. This important function constitutes a fundamental concept of Operational Calculus and is also involved in many other fields of applied and engineering mathematics. In particular, Heaviside Step Function is performed in a very simple manner by the use of a finite number of standard operations, as the summation of six inverse tangent functions. The novelty of this work when compared with other analytical expressions, is that the proposed exact formula contains two arbitrary single - valued continuous functions which satisfy only one restriction. In addition, the proposed representation is not exhibited in terms of miscellaneous special functions, e.g. Bessel functions, Beta function, Logistic function. Besides, it is neither the limit of a function, nor the limit of a sequence of functions with point – wise or uniform convergence. Hence, this formula may be much more practical, flexible and useful in the computational procedures which are inserted into Operational Calculus techniques and other engineering practices.
Mechanisms of COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Thrombosis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Niculae Cristian-Mihail , Hristea Adriana , Moroti Ruxandra
Published: March 2023

COVID-19, the infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is frequently associated with pulmonary thrombotic events, especially in hospitalised patients. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by a proinflammatory state and an associated disbalance in hemostasis. Immune pathology analysis supports the inflammatory nature of pulmonary arterial thrombi composed by white blood cells, especially neutrophils, CD3+ and CD20+ lymphocytes, fibrin, red blood cells and platelets. Immune cells, cytokines, chemokines and the complement system are key drivers of immunothrombosis, as they induce the damage of endothelial cells and initiate pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant positive feedback loops. Neutrophil extracellular traps induced by COVID-19-associated “cytokine storm”, platelets, red blood cells, and coagulation pathways close the inflammation-endotheliopathy-thrombosis axis, contributing to SARS-CoV-2 associated pulmonary thrombotic events. The hypothesis of immunothrombosis is also supported by the minor role of venous thromboembolism, chest CT imaging data showing peripheral blood clots associated with inflammatory lesions and the high incidence of thrombotic events despite routine thromboprophylaxis. Understanding the complex mechanisms behind COVID-19-induced pulmonary thrombosis will lead to future combination therapies for hospitalised patients with severe disease, that would target the crossroads of inflammatory and coagulation pathways.
STUDY OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF OBTAINING CELSIANE AND SLAWSONITE CERAMICS USING SINGLE-STAGE TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Lisachuk George , Kryvobok Ruslan , Voloshchuk Valentyna
Published: March 2023

On the basis of the RO–Al2O3–SiO2 system, radiotransparent ceramic materials of cordierite, celsian, and anorthite composition, which have low dielectric characteristics, are obtained. These requirements are met by one of the main phases of the BaO–Al2O3–SiO2 system – celsian (BaAl2Si2O8), the melting point of which is 1740 °C, and the beginning of active phase formation occurs at a processing temperature of 1300 °C, as well as one of the main phases of the SrO–Al2O3–SiO2 is slavsonite (SrAl2Si2O8), which undergoes congruent melting at a temperature of 1765 °C, and the beginning of active phase formation occurs at a processing temperature of 1400 °C. The purpose of the work is to study the technological parameters of obtaining celsian and slavsonite ceramics by one-stage technology. According to the subsolidus structure of the three-component system RO–Al2O3–SiO2 (RO = ВаО, SrO), it is advisable to synthesize the necessary phases from pure raw materials and, taking into account the presence of impurities that impair the dielectric characteristics, the synthesis of the necessary crystalline phases is carried out from technical raw materials. Figurative points of the compositions of the selected compounds correspond to their stoichiometric composition (for slavsonite, wt. %: SrO – 31,99; Al2O3 – 30,93; SiO2 – 37,08; for celsian, wt. %: BaO – 40,85; Al2O3 – 27,17; SiO2 – 31,98). It was established that the physical characteristics of the obtained samples improve with an increase in the firing temperature by 100 °C, but they are far from the desired level. The dielectric characteristics of the obtained materials are within the requirements for radio-transparent materials. Taking into account the investigated physical properties and the obtained radiographs of fired samples in order to obtain a densely sintered material, it was decided to investigate model compositions with the addition of intensifying additives and to study their influence on the properties of fired samples
COMPLEX SYSTEMS OF TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY EQUIPMENT DESIGN AS A COLLABORATION OF EFCE and CFE-UA ASSOCIATIONS
Authors: Bukhkalo Svetlana
Published: March 2023

The materials of the article consider the possibilities for determining the educational goals of university students in order to further develop the components of complex projects. When writing the article, the experience of teaching the discipline "Fundamentals of chemical production equipment design" at the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" at the Department of Integrated Technologies, Processes and Devices in 2022 was used. Complex systems for determining the components of the discipline determined the competence and quality of the material, and the question that viewed through the prism of one's own creative perception, which makes the material especially valuable. Developments are carried out using modern, highly effective scientifically based processes and devices of chemical and food industries, for example, from types of classification-identification analysis, general concepts and design requirements of types of equipment of chemical industries to the selection of calculation algorithms at various stages of design, manufacture and operation. Examples and some features of possible training solutions are presented, which are based on experimental data of the development of process identification-classification mechanisms and their scientific justification in the form of intellectual property objects.
RESEARCH THE COMPLEX INFLUENCE OF THE COMPONENTS THE CHOCOLATE MASS ON ITS PROPERTIES AND COMPETITIVENESS FOR VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
Authors: Bukhkalo Svetlana , Zemelko Mariia
Published: March 2023

Chocolate glaze is a large-tonnage component of various branches of food technology, which also performs important technological tasks, namely: helps to slow down oxidation processes; improving emulsifying and dispersing properties; prevents hardening of certain types of products; prevents the ingress of moisture, which increases the shelf life of the confectionery, etc. At the first stage, the main problems of production of the confectionery industry are determined - they require a scientific justification for the choice of competitive components of production technology, taking into account quality-cost indicators. Next, for the specified parameters of the production technology determine the components of the formulation of chocolate glazes. Analysis of the system of results and calculation equations allowed to offer recommendations for the intensification of production processes: effectively reduces the viscosity of compositions based on cocoa butter, which, in turn, makes it possible to use them for partial replacement of lecithin in the manufacture of confectionery. Thus, based on the conducted research, it is possible to conclude that the fat for a glaze must be chosen taking into account its physical properties and possibility to regulate rheological properties of the glaze. The speed of fats crystallization must allow the glaze to quickly crystallize after facing and not to chip.
HISTORICAL MEMORY FORMATION ABOUT CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN WORLD WAR II TIMES AS AN ASPECT OF INFORMATIONAL CONFRONTATION
Authors: Motenko Yaroslav , Shishkina Evgenia
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the peculiarities of Soviet propaganda’s use of the topic of mass executions of the civilian population to form an official model of collective memory of crimes against humanity during the Second World War. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the official model of the collective historical memory of the Second World War in the USSR did not foresee responsibility for the ruling regime for crimes against humanity or war crimes. It also made it impossible to criticize the use of the civilian population of Ukraine by the Stalinist regime as an mobilization resource, capable of carrying out combat tasks and receiving enemy fire even without being in the ranks of the armed forces.
THE EFFECT OF INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES WITH PHYSICAL EXERCISES ON THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF STUDENTS OF NTU "KhPI" IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
Authors: Yevtyfiieva Iryna , Hlyadya Sergiy , Yevtyfiiev Andrii , Donets Yuriy
Published: March 2023

The article examines the introduction of independent physical exercises into the lifestyle of students and the expediency of their implementation in the conditions of distance learning. The importance of various forms of independent classes during the period of study at the educational institution and their positive impact on the physical fitness of students is revealed. The obtained conclusions can be successfully used to improve the educational process. Physical education at NTU "KhPI" is considered as a means of social formation of a future specialist, as a process of active improvement of individual, personal and professional qualities of students, their physical self-improvement.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 25.02.2023 г. по 03.03.2023 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: March 2023

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 25.02.2023 г. по 03.03.2023 г.
Tear of Quadriceps and Patellar Tendon with Superior Pole Avulsion of Patella
Authors: Kelmer Grayson C. , Johnson Andrea H. , Turcotte Justin J. , Bosmans Megan L. , Redziniak Daniel E.
Published: March 2023

Case:

A 58-year-old man presented with right knee pain and inability to extend the knee after falling. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated complete rupture of the quadriceps tendon, avulsion of the superior pole patella, and a high-grade partial tear of the proximal patellar tendon. Surgical dissection revealed that both tendon tears were full-thickness disruptions. Repair was performed without complications. The patient achieved independent ambulation and passive range of motion from 0° to 118° at 3.8 years postoperatively.

Conclusions:

We present a case of a simultaneous ipsilateral tear of the quadriceps and patellar tendons with superior pole patella avulsion that resulted in a clinically successful repair.
Expansión urbana y transformación de coberturas y usos de suelo en la Aglomeración Urbana de Murcia
Authors: Giménez García Rubén , García Marín Ramón
Published: March 2023

Desde mediados del pasado siglo, la ciudad de Murcia y el aglomerado urbano generado a su alrededor han experimentado un constante e intenso proceso de transformación territorial. La atracción ejercida por esta ciudad central dio lugar a un proceso de concentración demográfica, laboral y residencial. A este fenómeno le ha seguido, durante las últimas tres décadas, otro totalmente contrario, en el que la población se desplaza a espacios periféricos de menor densidad edificatoria. La conjunción de ambos fenómenos urbanos, concentración inicial y posterior desconcentración, ha provocado infinidad de cambios en las coberturas y usos de suelo que precisan examen. Este trabajo de investigación pretende analizar la incesante ocupación y antropización territorial acontecida en la denominada Aglomeración Urbana de Murcia, así como las transiciones entre diferentes tipologías de usos de suelo existentes. Para ello, se emplea información de componente espacial procedente de Corine Land Cover. Estos datos son tratados mediante diversas herramientas de geoprocesamiento en QGIS. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que se ha producido un elevado incremento de suelo artificial, que las trasformaciones de usos de suelo rondan el 20 % de todo el espacio analizado y que el tejido urbano, fundamentalmente de carácter disperso, ha sido la cobertura de mayor desarrollo.
Junctional Force Patterning drives both Positional and Orientational Order in Auditory Epithelia
Authors: Prakash Anubhav , Weninger Julian , Singh Nishant , Raman Sukanya , Kruse Karsten , Rao Madan , Ladher Raj
Published: March 2023

For physiological function, organs must organise constituent cell types in precise spatial and orientational order. While in single-cell type epithelia, morphogenesis is driven by forces exerted at cell junctions 1-3, it is not known whether forces can drive the acquisition of patterns and polarity in organs comprising multiple cell types. We investigate the process of global alignment in the avian auditory epithelium. This consists of two cell types, hair cells (HCs), with an asymmetric mechanosensory hair bundle on its apex, and supporting cells (SCs) 4. During development, these two cell types form a regular pattern, and the hair bundle of each HC aligns with the tissue axis. Through a combination of experiments and theory, we find that tissue-wide force patterning generates both positional and orientational order. Positional order is established by differences between the mechanical activity of cell-cell junctions. These differences are encoded by cell-specific genetic programmes restricting the di-phosphorylated form of non-muscle myosin-II regulatory light chain (RLC) to specific junctions. Importantly, the hair bundle organises supracellular patterns of myosin activity through the local attenuation of RLC phosphorylation, generating global polarity across the entire tissue. Our findings show that junctional asymmetries couple cell rearrangements to polarity, potentially a fundamental feature of development and repair in tissues consisting of different cell types.
Mitochonic acid 5 attenuates age-related neuromuscular dysfunction associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Higashitani Atsushi , Wu Xintong , Abe Takaaki
Published: March 2023

The mitochondrial-homing drug MA-5 ameliorates the pathophysiology of human mitochondrial-disease fibroblasts and Caenorhabditis elegans DMD and PD disease models. Here, we found that MA-5 could suppress the age-related decline in motor performance, loss of muscle mitochondria, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in C. elegans. These suggest that MA-5 may act as an anti-aging agent against a wide range of neuromuscular dysfunctions in metazoan.
Spontaneous p53 activation in middle-aged C57BL/6 mice mitigates the lifespan-extending adaptive response induced by low-dose ionizing radiation.
Authors: Kohzaki Masaoki , Suzuki Keiji , Ootsuyama Akira , Okazaki Ryuji
Published: March 2023

Understanding the biological effects of low-dose (< 100 mGy) ionizing radiation (LDIR) is technically challenging. We aimed to understand age-dependent LDIR effects using adaptive response experiments in young (7–12 weeks) and middle-aged (40–62 weeks) C57BL/6 mice. Compared with 3 Gy irradiation, 0.02 Gy pre-IR followed by 3 Gy had life-prolonging effects on young mice but not middle-aged mice. 53BP1 repair foci in the small intestines of young mice, but not middle-aged mice, induced by 3 Gy were suppressed at 4 h by 0.02 Gy pre-IR. Consistently, splenic apoptosis and p53 activity were decreased by 0.02 Gy + 3 Gy compared with 3 Gy in young mice but not middle-aged mice. Interestingly, p53 activations in middle-aged mice were spontaneously increased by approximately 4.5-fold compared to that in young mice. Such chronic p53 activation in middle-aged mice may mask the adaptive responses induced by LDIR, which are essential for lifespan extension after high-dose IR.
Science with the Daksha High Energy Transients Mission
Authors: Bhalerao Varun , Sawant Disha
Published: March 2023

We present the science case for the proposed Daksha high energy transients mission. Daksha will comprise of two satellites covering the entire sky from 1 keV to >1 MeV. The primary objectives of the mission are to discover and characterize electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources; and to study Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). Daksha is a versatile all-sky monitor that can address a wide variety of science cases. With its broadband spectral response, high sensitivity, and continuous all-sky coverage, it will discover fainter and rarer sources than any other existing or proposed mission. Daksha can make key strides in GRB research with polarization studies, prompt soft spectroscopy, and fine time-resolved spectral studies. Daksha will provide continuous monitoring of X-ray pulsars. It will detect magnetar outbursts and high energy counterparts to Fast Radio Bursts. Using Earth occultation to measure source fluxes, the two satellites together will obtain daily flux measurements of bright hard X-ray sources including active galactic nuclei, X-ray binaries, and slow transients like Novae. Correlation studies between the two satellites can be used to probe primordial black holes through lensing. Daksha will have a set of detectors continuously pointing towards the Sun, providing excellent hard X-ray monitoring data. Closer to home, the high sensitivity and time resolution of Daksha can be leveraged for the characterization of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes.
Use of Routine Health Information Systems Data in Developing, Monitoring and Supervising District and Facility Health Plans: A scoping review
Authors: Byrne Elaine , Heywood Arthur
Published: March 2023

Background:
Routine Health Information Systems data should be used in a systematic and institutionalised manner to support the making of plans, the monitoring of plans and in supportive supervision. To explore to what extent there is discussion about the linkage between planning, monitoring and supervision of sub-national programs using routine data we conducted a scoping review. The review question was: How are routine health information systems used or should be used in developing and monitoring health plans at district and facility level?
Methods:
From a search of Ovid Medline (all), EMBASE and Web of Science along with a review of grey literature and involving a number of key stakeholders in reviewing and identifying any missing resources a total of over 2200 documents were reviewed and data from 13 documents were extracted.
Results:
Overall, there are many descriptions of how to implement and strengthen systems, ways to assess and improve data availability and quality, tools to improve the data use context, training in data use and mechanisms to involve stakeholders and strengthen infrastructure. However, there are massive gaps in relation to good use cases or examples of where routine health data is used in the development, monitoring and supervision of plans at district and facility level.
Conclusions:
There appears to be no institutionalised obligation of planners to monitor plans, very little guidance on how to practically monitor programs and minimal discussion about how to use the routinely available data to supportively supervise the implementation of the plans.
To overcome these shortcomings, we recommend that practical procedures to ensure linkage of existing district plans to regular monitoring of priority programs are institutionalised, that mechanisms for making managers institutionally accountable for monitoring and supervising these plans are put in place, and that practical guidelines for linking plans with RHIS data and regular monitoring and supportive supervision are developed.
Enhancing durability and Sustainable Preservation of Egyptian Stone Monuments Using metabolites produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus
Authors: Abd-Elhalim Basma T. , Hemdan Bahaa A. , El-Sayed Salwa M. , Ahmed Mahgoub A. , Maan Sodaf A. , Abu-Hussien Samah H.
Published: March 2023

Despite their threatens for Egyptian stone monuments, A few studies focused on using biocontrol agents against deteriorative fungi and bacteria instead of using chemical assays that leave residuals leading to human toxicity and environmental pollution. This work aims to isolate and identify fungal and bacterial isolates that showed deteriorative activities from stone monuments in Temple of Hathor, Luxor, Egypt, as well as determine the inhibitory activity of metabolites produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus against the identified deteriorative fungal and bacterial strains. Moreover, studying the spectral analysis, toxicological assessment of metabolites produced by S. exfoliatus against health human cell fibroblast (HCF), and colorimetric measurements on the selected stone monuments. Ten samples were collected from Temple of Hathor, Loxor, Egypt. Four fungal isolates and one bacterial isolate were obtained and identified as A. niger isolate Hathor 2, C. fioriniae strain Hathor 3, P. chrysogenum strain Hathor 1, and L. sphaericus strain Hathor 4, respectively. Inhibitory potential of the metabolites in all concentrations used (100–25%) against the recommended antibiotics (Tetracycline 10 µg/ml and Doxycycline 30 µg/ml) showed an inhibitory effect toward all tested deteriorative pathogens with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 25%. Cytotoxicity test confirmed that S. exfoliatus filtrate as the antimicrobial agent was safe for healthy human skin fibroblast with IC50 of < 100% and cell viability of 97%. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis recorded the existence of thirteen antimicrobial agents, Cis-vaccenic acid; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; ç-Butyl-ç-butyrolactone and other compounds. Colorimetric measurements confirmed no color or surface change for the limestone-treated pieces. The use of S. exfoliatus antimicrobial as a biocontrol agent raises contemporary issues concerning the bio-protection of the Egyptian monuments to reduce chemical formulas that are toxic to humans and pollute the environment. Such serious problems need further investigation for all kinds of monuments.
Study protocol of the OurFutures Vaping Trial: A cluster randomised controlled trial of a school-based eHealth intervention to prevent e-cigarette use among adolescents
Authors: Gardner Lauren A. , Rowe Amy-Leigh , Stockings Emily , Champion Katrina E. , Hides Leanne , McBride Nyanda , Allsop Steve , O’Dean Siobhan , Sunderland Matthew , Lee Yong Yi , Mihalopoulos Cathy , Freeman Becky , Leung Janni , McRobbie Hayden , Stapinski Lexine , Lee Nicole , Thornton Louise , Debenham Jennifer , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C.
Published: March 2023

Background

Effective and scalable prevention approaches are urgently needed to address the rapidly increasing rates of e-cigarette use among adolescents. School-based eHealth interventions can be an efficient, effective, and economical approach, yet there are none targeting e-cigarettes within Australia. This paper describes the protocol of the OurFutures Vaping Trial which aims to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the first school-based eHealth intervention targeting e-cigarettes in Australia.

Methods

A two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted among Year 7 and/or 8 students (aged 12–14 years) in 42 secondary schools across New South Wales, Western Australia and Queensland, Australia. Using stratified block randomisation, schools will be assigned to either the OurFutures Vaping Program intervention group or an active control group (health education as usual). The intervention consists of four web-based cartoon lessons and accompanying activities delivered during health education over a four-week period. Whilst primarily focused on e-cigarette use, the program simultaneously addresses tobacco cigarette use. Students will complete online self-report surveys at baseline, post-intervention, 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months after baseline. The primary outcome is the uptake of e-cigarette use at 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes include the uptake of tobacco smoking, frequency/quantity of e-cigarettes use and tobacco smoking, intentions to use e-cigarettes/tobacco cigarettes, knowledge about e-cigarettes/tobacco cigarettes, motives and attitudes relating to e-cigarettes, self-efficacy to resist peer pressure and refuse e-cigarettes, mental health, quality of life, and resource utilisation. Generalized mixed effects regression will investigate whether receiving the intervention reduces the likelihood of primary and secondary outcomes. Cost-effectiveness and the effect on primary and secondary outcomes will also be examined over the longer-term.

Discussion

If effective, the intervention will be readily accessible to schools via the OurFutures platform and has the potential to make substantial health and economic impact. Without such intervention, young Australians will be the first generation to use nicotine at higher rates than previous generations, thereby undoing decades of effective tobacco control.

Trial registration

The trial has been prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000022662p; date registered: 10/01/2023).
Planting American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) caused soil acidification and bacterial and fungal communities changes
Authors: Li Shaoyong , Wei Haiwei , Qi Daqian , Li Wenwen , Dong Yan , Duan Fu-Ang , Ni Shou-Qing
Published: March 2023

Background：American ginseng is an important herb crop and is widely cultivated in China. However, continuous cropping obstacles seriously affect the production of American ginseng, and the reason is still unclear and needs more research. We analyzed the soil microbial alpha diversity and community composition as well as soil physicochemical properties, in bulk soils to assess the changes in soil associated with planting American ginseng.
Results：The cultivation of American ginseng resulted in a significant decrease in soil pH. The alpha diversity of soil bacteria and fungi was significantly reduced with the increase of American ginseng planting years. Planting American ginseng also largely altered the community and functional composition of soil bacteria and fungi, in particularly, increased the relative abundance of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium, and readuced the relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms, such as KD4-96, RB41 and Sphingomonas.
Conclusions：Soil acidification, reduction of beneficial taxa and accumulation of fungal pathogens, therefore, may lead to the replantation problem of American ginseng.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles stabilized with Succinic Acid (AgNPs/SA) and optimization with response surface methodology to investigate synergistic effect with antibiotics
Authors: Begum Irshad , Soomro Zahid , Arif Afsheen , Rashid Zubia
Published: March 2023

Optimization of silver nanoparticles with response surface methodology is carried out. Silver particles were produced by reduction of silver ions. Silver nanoparticles were encapsulating for stabilization by Succinic acid. These succinic acid embedded silver nanoparticles in combination with fluoroquinolones and macrolides based antibiotic, to study synergetic effect on strain of K.pneumonea bacteria. Three experimental constraints were selected as independent variables; AgNO3 concentration, concentration of stabilizer and stirring time to obtain results. For maximum absorbance of stabilized AgNPs three independent variables were linked together as a well-designed relationship in a selected quadratic model. After the experiment, it was observed that out of three tested parameters (AgNO3, concentration of Stabilizer and stirring time), all factors played vital roles in getting the desired outcomes.
Characterization was carried out by UV/Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, SEM, DLS and zetasizer. Response surface methodology (RSM) approach was adopted to conclude the impacts of experimental parameters on production and stabilization of AgNPs. UV/Visible indicated a narrow and sharp surface plasmon resonance band (SPR-band) at 400 nm, FT-IR has given a clear drift in frequency the carbonyl 1697 cm-1 shifted 1631 cm-1. SEM image shown spherical-like nanoparticles. The size distribution studied with DLS technique and Zeta potential showed it has relatively narrow size distribution and the z-average diameter of 121.2 nm with low poly dispersity index (PDI) of 0.381. According to RSM, AgNO3 concentration significantly influenced the size of AgNPs/SA.
Unraveling Key Features of Microbial Alpha-Diversity Metrics and Their Practical Applications
Authors: Cassol Ignacio , Ibañez Mauro , Bustamante Juan Pablo
Published: March 2023

Studies of microbial communities vary widely in terms of analysis methods. In this exponentially growing field, the wide variety of diversity measures and lack of consistency make it harder to compare different studies. Most existing alpha-diversity metrics are inherited from other disciplines and their assumptions are not always directly meaningful or true for microbiome data. Many existing microbiome studies apply one or some alpha diversity metrics with no fundamentals but also an unclear results interpretation. This work focuses on a theoretical, empirical, and comparative analysis of 19 frequently and less-frequently used microbial alpha-diversity metrics grouped into 4 proposed categories, including key features of every analyzed metric with their mathematical assumptions, in order to provide a deeper understanding of the existing metrics and a practical implementation guide for future studies.