bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A scoring system to predict the occurrence of very late stent thrombosis following percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Wang Xiang , Chen Xinxin , Tian Tao , You Hongzhao , Li Yulin , Wu Muli , Du Xiaoyu , Cai He , Zheng Yang , Du Jie
Published: April 2020

We aimed to derive and validate an effective risk score to identify high-risk patients of very late stent thrombosis (VLST), following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Stepwise multivariable Cox regression was used to build the risk model using data from 5,185 consecutive ACS patients treated with PCI (derivation cohort) and 2,058 patients from the external validation cohort. Eight variables were independently associated with the development of VLST: history of diabetes mellitus, previous PCI, acute myocardial infarction as admitting diagnosis, estimated glomerular filtration rate <90 ml/min/1.73 m2, three-vessel disease, number of stents per lesion, sirolimus-eluting stent, and no post-dilation. Based on the derived score, patients were classified into low- (≤7), intermediate- (8–9), and high- (≥10) risk categories. Observed VLST rates were 0.5%, 2.2%, and 8.7% and 0.45%, 2.3%, and 9.3% across the 3 risk categories in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. High discrimination (c-statistic = 0.80 and 0.82 in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively) and excellent calibration were observed in both cohorts. VLST risk score, a readily useable and efficient tool to identify high-risk patients of VLST after PCI for ACS, may aid in risk-stratification and pre-emptive decision-making.
Characteristics of Normal-tension Glaucoma Patients with Temporal Retinal Nerve Fibre Defects
Authors: Yum Hae Ri , Park Hae-Young Lopilly , Park Chan Kee
Published: April 2020

Glaucomatous visual field (VF) damage usually involves in the Bjerrum area, which refers to outside the central 10° region. However, some reports suggest that structural damage to the macula occurs even in the early stages of glaucoma. We investigated the characteristics of normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with temporal retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) defects. Ninety eyes from 90 subjects including 30 normal eyes, 30 eyes of 30 patients with normal-tension glaucoma with temporal RNFL defects, and 30 eyes of 30 patients with normal-tension glaucoma with inferotemporal or superotemporal RNFL defects were enrolled. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) decreased significantly in glaucomatous eyes with temporal RNFL defects as compared with in controls and glaucomatous eyes with inferotemporal or superotemporal RNFL defects. VF tests showed more frequent central or cecocentral VF defects involving the central 10° region in glaucomatous eyes with temporal RNFL defects. VF defects were more frequently detected on short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). Eyes with temporal RNFL defects had generally reduced ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness. In addition, the BCVA, GCIPL thicknesses, and SWAP findings were significantly different in glaucoma patients with temporal RNFL defects according to their colour vision deficiency, not RNFL thickness or standard automated perimetry (SAP) results.
Molecular nanoparticles of cerium dioxide: structure-directing effect of halide ions
Authors: Russell-Webster Bradley , Abboud Khalil A. , Christou George
Published: April 2020

The use of halide ions in the synthesis of Ce/O clusters diverts the reaction to two halide-containing products: Cl− gives a new Ce20 nuclearity with both a high 1 : 1 Ce3+ : Ce4+ ratio and a high percentage of (100) facet coverage, whereas F− gives a known Ce6 nuclearity.
Experimental observation of nanophase segregation in aqueous salt solutions around the predicted liquid–liquid transition in water
Authors: Lane Paul D. , Reichenbach Judith , Farrell Andrew J. , Ramakers Lennart A. I. , Adamczyk Katrin , Hunt Neil T. , Wynne Klaas
Published: April 2020

Using ultrafast spectroscopy to determine temperature-dependent structuring of water, solvation of ions and the size of phase segregated domains.
On-chip electrocatalytic microdevice: an emerging platform for expanding the insight into electrochemical processes
Authors: Yang Huan , He Qiyuan , Liu Youwen , Li Huiqiao , Zhang Hua , Zhai Tianyou
Published: April 2020

This comprehensive summary of on-chip electrocatalytic microdevices will expand the insight into electrochemical processes, ranging from dynamic exploration to performance optimization.
Chemical stability of fructans in apple beverages and their influence on chronic constipation
Authors: Glibowski Paweł , Skrzypek Michał , Ćwiklińska Magdalena , Drozd Monika , Kowalska Aleksandra
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to analyse the content of reducing sugars in beverages obtained on the basis of apple juice with the addition of fructans. Moreover, the effect of consumption of this prebiotic beverage on the constipation was analysed.
Clear observation of the formation of nanoparticles inside the ablation bubble through a laser-induced flat transparent window by laser scattering
Authors: Ando Kota , Nakajima Takashi
Published: April 2020

We demonstrate the clear observation of laser-scattering signals from Ag nanoparticles (NPs) inside an ablation bubble.
A homogeneous photoelectrochemical hydrogen sulfide sensor based on the electronic transfer mediated by tetrasulfophthalocyanine
Authors: Wang Xinyang , Zhao Huanan , Chen Zhonghui , Luo Fang , Guo Longhua , Qiu Bin , Lin Zhenyu , Wang Jian
Published: April 2020

A homogeneous photoelectrochemical sensor for H2S detection based on the electronic transfer mediated by [Fe(iii)PcS4]+was developed with an un-modified photoelectrode.
Effective methods for the determination of triphenyltin residues in surface water and soil samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: dos Santos Gabriel C. , da S. Avellar Állisson A. , de O. Schwaickhardt Rômulo , Bandeira Nelson M. G. , Donato Filipe F. , Prestes Osmar D. , Zanella Renato
Published: April 2020

Monitoring of triphenyltin (TPhT) in the environment, particularly to control its misuse in agriculture, is of great importance because of its high toxicity.
Colorimetric indicators for volatile amines based on succinic anhydride (SAh)-grafted poly (lactic acid) (PLA)
Authors: Lopera-Valle Adrian , Elias Anastasia
Published: April 2020

Smart materials that can undergo changes in color upon the detection of amines have the potential to provide information on the freshness of fish and meat.
Multivariate optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure for the determination of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in plant samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Costa Floriatan Santos , Leal Raquel Viana Pinto , Pacheco Clissiane Soares Viana , Amorim Fábio Alan Carqueija , de Jesus Raildo Mota , Santos Luana Novaes , da Silva Erik Galvão Paranhos
Published: April 2020

A new ultrasound-assisted extraction method simple and fast was developed employing multivariate optimization.
Giant band splittings in EuS and EuSe magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals
Authors: Asuigui Dane Romar C. , De Siena Michael C. , Fainblat Rachel , James Derak , Gamelin Daniel R. , Stoll Sarah L.
Published: April 2020

Giant band-splitting observed in EuS and EuSe nanocrystals by magnetic circular dichroism.
Synthesis of silyl formates, formamides, and aldehydes via solvent-free organocatalytic hydrosilylation of CO2
Authors: Murata Takumi , Hiyoshi Mahoko , Ratanasak Manussada , Hasegawa Jun-ya , Ema Tadashi
Published: April 2020

Silyl formates, formamides, and aldehydes were synthesized via the solvent-free hydrosilylation of carbon dioxide using tetrabutylammonium acetate as a catalyst.
A planar binuclear cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine as a highly efficient catalyst for the oxidation of a mercaptan
Authors: Makarov Sergey G. , Ketkov Sergey Yu. , Wöhrle Dieter
Published: April 2020

A dramatic increase in the catalytic activity of cobalt(ii) phthalocyanines in the mercaptan oxidation can be achieved on going from mononuclear to planar binuclear complexes.
Growth kinetics of curcumin form I
Authors: Heffernan Claire , Soto Rodrigo , Hodnett Benjamin K. , Rasmuson Åke C.
Published: April 2020

The growth kinetics of the curcumin form I polymorph have been studied in propan-2-ol at different temperatures and supersaturations.
Biomolecule–polymer hybrid compartments: combining the best of both worlds
Authors: Meyer Claire E. , Abram Sarah-Luise , Craciun Ioana , Palivan Cornelia G.
Published: April 2020

Recent advances in bio/polymer hybrid compartments in the quest to obtain artificial cells, biosensors and catalytic compartments.
Computational insights into the strain effect on the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO on Pd surfaces
Authors: Liu Hong , Liu Jian , Yang Bo
Published: April 2020

Electroreduction of CO2 to CO was investigated using DFT and microkinetic modeling on strained Pd surfaces with adsorbate–adsorbate interactions included.
Effects of non-halogenated solvent on the main properties of a solution-processed polymeric thin film for photovoltaic applications: a computational study
Authors: Sousa Karlisson Rodrigo de Almeida , Benatto Leandro , Wouk Luana , Roman Lucimara Stolz , Koehler Marlus
Published: April 2020

Our nano-scale simulations of polymeric films processed with different solvents reveal important details of morphological and electrical changes important for OPV applications.
Zn2GeO4−x/ZnS heterojunctions fabricated via in situ etching sulfurization for Pt-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: interface roughness and defect engineering
Authors: Wang Yongli , Zheng Mingyue , Zhao Hongkai , Qin Hao , Fan Weiliu , Zhao Xian
Published: April 2020

The Zn2GeO4−x/ZnS intimate heterojunctions were synthesized by in situ etching sulfurization, which realized photocatalytic H2 evolution from water without the Pt co-catalyst by the synergism between interface topology and oxygen defect control.
Stability of the ketyl radical as a descriptor in the electrochemical coupling of benzaldehyde
Authors: Anibal Jacob , Malkani Arnav , Xu Bingjun
Published: April 2020

Electroreductive coupling is an emerging pathway for the renewable upgrading of biomass derived oxygenates. This work investigates electrochemical benzaldehyde reduction on Au, Cu, Pt and Pd using reactivity testing and in situ spectroscopy.
Two amino acid-templated metal phosphates: surfactant-thermal synthesis, water stability, and proton conduction
Authors: Huang Lijuan , Wang Lei , Zhao Yan , Huang Ling , Bi Jian , Zou Guohong , Lin Zhien , Gao Daojiang
Published: April 2020

An amino acid-templated gallium phosphate with a zeolitic topology has been prepared under surfactant-thermal conditions and it shows exceptional water stability and interesting proton-conducting properties.
Enhanced electrochemical performances of ZnCo2O4@CoMoO4 core–shell structures with long cycling stabilities
Authors: Dai Meizhen , Jia Xinxu , Liu Hengqi , Tong Yongli , Zhao Depeng , Wu Xiang , Wang Bao
Published: April 2020

Developing electrode materials with high specific capacitance and excellent stability for energy storage is necessary to solve energy shortage issues.
Red ginseng protects against cisplatin-induced intestinal toxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagyviathe PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Zhang Jun-jie , Wang Jian-qiang , Xu Xing-yue , Yang Jia-yu , Wang Zi , Jiang Shuang , Wang Ying-ping , Zhang Jing , Zhang Rui , Li Wei
Published: April 2020

Although growing evidence has shown that ginseng (Panax ginsengC.A. Meyer.) exerts strong protective and preventive effects on cisplatin-induced side effects, the ameliorative effects of ginseng on intestinal damage caused by cisplatin are unknown to date.
Correction: Efficacy of proprietary Lactobacillus casei for anti-tuberculosis associated gastrointestinal adverse reactions in adult patients: a randomized, open-label, dose–response trial
Authors: Lin Song , Zhao Shanliang , Liu Jiahong , Zhang Jianwen , Zhang Chao , Hao Haibo , Sun Yuxia , Cai Jing , Yang Yang , Ma Yan , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Jinyu , Ma Aiguo
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘Efficacy of proprietary Lactobacillus casei for anti-tuberculosis associated gastrointestinal adverse reactions in adult patients: a randomized, open-label, dose–response trial’ by Song Lin et al., Food Funct., 2020, 11, 370–377.
Recycling of bonded NdFeB permanent magnets using ionic liquids
Authors: Önal Mehmet Ali Recai , Dewilde Sven , Degri Malik , Pickering Lydia , Saje Boris , Riaño Sofía , Walton Allan , Binnemans Koen
Published: April 2020

The polymeric binder of bonded NdFeB magnets can be dissolved in ionic liquids with strongly coordinating anions and the magnetic powder can be reused for manufacturing of new magnets.
Highly cytotoxic, cyclometalated iridium(iii)-5-fluoro-8-quinolinol complexes as cancer cell mitochondriotropic agents
Authors: Qin Li-Qin , Zou Bi-Qun , Qin Qi-Pin , Wang Zhen-Feng , Yang Lin , Tan Ming-Xiong , Liang Chun-Jie , Liang Hong
Published: April 2020

Ir-3 and Ir-4 kill HeLa cells and trigger caspase-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction apoptosis pathways.
Iron and chromium MOFs as sustainable catalysts for transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds and biomass conversions
Authors: Vasanthakumar Punitharaj , Sindhuja Dharmalingam , Senthil Raja Duraisamy , Lin Chia-Her , Karvembu Ramasamy
Published: April 2020

Fe and Cr based MOFs (MIL-88B) act as efficient and reusable catalysts for transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds including bio-derived substrates.
UV-light-assisted green preparation of Bi/BiOBr/RGO composites with oxygen vacancies toward enhanced photocatalytic removal of organic dye
Authors: Jia Wen , Peng Dong , Feng Zijuan , Wu Xue , Liu Yi , Zheng Xuxu , Yuan Xiaoya
Published: April 2020

Concomitant formation of metallic Bi nanoparticles and oxygen vacancies was successfully achieved within Bi/BiOBr/RGO composites by green UV-light exposure.
Controllable structure reconstruction of nickel–iron compounds toward highly efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Mahmood Azhar , Yu Qiangmin , Luo Yuting , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zhang Chi , Qiu Ling , Liu Bilu
Published: April 2020

Structure optimized Ni0.8Fe0.2-LDH catalyst and corresponding OER performance.
KI/TBHP-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and N-arylsulfonylhydrazones
Authors: Yang Zhen , He Jing , Wei Yueting , Li Weiwei , Liu Ping
Published: April 2020

A series of diverse fused [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-c]quinoxalines was obtained by an efficient KI/TBHP-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and N-arylsulfonylhydrazones.
Tacticity dependence of single chain polymer folding
Authors: Danilov Denis , Sedghamiz Elaheh , Fliegl Heike , Frisch Hendrik , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Wenzel Wolfgang
Published: April 2020

Precision polymerization techniques offer the exciting opportunity to manufacture single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) with intramolecular crosslinks placed in specific positions along the polymer chain.
Synthesis of acrylamide-based block-copolymer brushes under flow: monitoring real-time growth and surface restructuring upon drying
Authors: Mandal Joydeb , Arcifa Andrea , Spencer Nicholas D.
Published: April 2020

Block-copolymer brushes of water-soluble acrylamides have been synthesised by SI-ATRP under continuous flow and their growth monitored in situ by means of a quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D).
Enhanced thermomechanical property of a self-healing polymer via self-assembly of a reversibly cross-linkable block copolymer
Authors: Lee Hyang Moo , Perumal Suguna , Kim Gi Young , Kim Jin Chul , Kim Young-Ryul , Kim Minsoo P. , Ko Hyunhyup , Rho Yecheol , Cheong In Woo
Published: April 2020

Introduction of a self-healable block copolymer increases the mechanical property whilst maintaining self-healing efficiency.
UiO-67 metal–organic gel material deposited on photonic crystal matrix for photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Sun Shujian , Liao Peisen , Zeng Lihua , He Lanqi , Zhang Jianyong
Published: April 2020

UiO-67 nanoparticles are precisely and uniformly anchored on a photonic crystal matrix via metal–organic gelation showing improved photoelectrocatalytic activity.
Anti-apoptosis mechanism of triptolide based on network pharmacology in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis rats
Authors: Li Yayu , Jiang Xue , Song Litao , Yang Mengdie , Pan Jing
Published: April 2020

Triptolide (TPL), the active component of Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits anti-cancer and antioxidant functions. We aimed to explore the anti-apoptosis mechanism of TPL based on network pharmacology and in vivo and in vitro research validation using a rat model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The chemical structures and pharmacological activities of the compounds reported in T. wilfordii were determined and used to perform the network pharmacology analysis. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) was then used to identify the network targets for 16 compounds from Tripterygium wilfordii. Our results showed that 47 overlapping genes obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM databases were involved in the occurrence and development of FSGS and used to construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database. Hub genes were identified via the MCODE plug-in of the Cytoscape software. IL4 was the target gene of TPL in FSGS and was mainly enriched in the cell apoptosis term and p53 signaling pathway, according to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. TPL inhibited FSGS-induced cell apoptosis in rats and regulated IL4, nephrin, podocin, and p53 protein levels via using CCK8, TUNEL, and Western blot assays. The effects of IL4 overexpression, including inhibition of cell viability and promotion of apoptosis, were reversed by TPL. TPL treatment increased the expression of nephrin and podocin and decreased p53 expression in rat podocytes. In conclusion, TPL inhibited podocyte apoptosis by targeting IL4 to alleviate kidney injury in FSGS rats.
Genetic diversity of major histocompatibility complex class I genes in Zootoca vivipara
Authors: Liu Wanli , Liu Yufen , Liu Peng , Zhao Wenge
Published: April 2020

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), as a family of highly polymorphic genes associated with immunity in the genome of the vertebrate, has become an important indicator for assessing the evolutionary potential of wildlife. In order to better protect Zootoca vivipara in the Greater Khingan Range and Lesser Khingan Range, to understand the genetic structure of Z. vivipara, and to explore the mechanism and phylogenetic relationship of the gene polymorphisms, the MHC molecular marker method was used to analyze Z. vivipara population. Forty-seven alleles were obtained from four populations. The four populations were highly polymorphic, rich in genetic information, and had significant genetic diversity. There were certain inbreeding phenomena. There was a high degree of genetic differentiation among populations, which was caused by genetic drift and natural selection. The sequence undergoes genetic duplication and recombination. The existence of trans-species polymorphism was found in the constructed phylogenetic tree. The present study provides a theoretical basis for species protection of Z. vivipara.
Targeting mitochondria to protect the heart: a matter of balance?
Authors: Zouein Fouad A. , Booz George W.
Published: April 2020

Mitochondria are dynamic, undergoing both fission and fusion. Evidence indicates that a balance between these two processes is necessary to maintain a healthy state. With ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the heart, fission is enhanced and is associated with mitochondrial swelling, depolarization, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as apoptosis. Blocking fission is effective in reducing I/R-induced tissue damage and contractile dysfunction. In a groundbreaking study appearing in Clinical Science, Maneechote et al. assessed whether correcting the imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics with I/R by enhancing fusion would also be protective. Using a rat model, they investigated the efficacy of pharmacological intervention with mitochondrial fusion promoter-M1 (M1) given before ischemia, during ischemia, or at the onset of reperfusion. With pretreatment being the most effective, they found that M1 attenuated the incidence of arrhythmias, reduced infarct size, preserved cardiac function, and decreased mortality. M1 reduced I/R-induced increases in cytosolic cytochrome c, cleaved caspase 3, and apoptosis. All M1 groups exhibited modestly attenuated I/R-induced mitochondrial ROS levels and swelling, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. M1 also prevented a decrease in complex V levels with I/R. However, exactly how M1 stimulates mitochondrial fusion is unclear and other nonfusion-related actions of this phenylhydrazone compound should be considered, such as anti-oxidant actions, preconditioning signaling, or effects on putative mitochondrial connexin 43.
Modified localization coefficients for cluster processes identification: a comparative analysis (case study: the Russian rye sector)
Authors: Kostenko O V
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the results of the identification of agrarian clusters. Research is done in connection with the rye sector of Russia taken as a case study. The localization coefficients were calculated from the gross yield of winter rye grain. Two variants of calculating coefficients were compared – in proportion to the indicators of the gross regional product and employment statistics. Studies have shown that the coefficients in proportion to the gross regional product are more sensitive and allow a more subtle diagnosis of cluster processes. Localization coefficients in proportion to employment statistics are a more stringent method for identifying clusters.
Sustainable regional development in the context of bioeconomic trend: Pskov Region
Authors: Makar S V
Published: April 2020

The article presents arguments for the strategy of regional sustainable development (on the example of Pskov region), based on the implementation of the forest potential of the territory on the principles of bioeconomy with a cluster approach to the organization of regional space. The expansion of the biofuel market is a key external factor for the production of pellets made from low-grade wood and forest waste in countries and regions with an appropriate natural, economic and geographical potential. The parameters of the objective trend - transition of Russian regions to bioeconomy, which will allow them not only to increase regional incomes by expanding opportunities for public-private partnership, but also to improve their own competitiveness in the national economy, are outlined. In addition, due to cluster approach, the prerequisites for the formation of regional space network structure are obvious. Methods of logical and substantive, strategic, statistical, regional, technical and economic analysis, as well as content analysis and SWOT analysis are applied in the study.
Thermal Method for Non-Destructive Control of Actual Coolant Mass Flow through a Heating Device
Authors: Karpov Denis , Sinitsyn Anton
Published: April 2020

The studies show that expenses for heating buildings and structures account for more than 60% of total utility costs in the Russian Federation. Therefore, the issues on energy and resource conservation and improving the energy efficiency of construction projects for various purposes are relevant and priority. Infrared thermography is actively used during examination of thermomechanical equipment, building structures, external and internal engineering systems and their elements. Heat monitoring makes it possible to avoid significant costs for dismantling of controlled objects and to localize the thermal defects found during the inspection stage, thereby reducing costs of repair works. The article considers and analyzes the existing options for the quantitative analysis of thermograms. The authors propose a new method for quantitative processing of thermograms, aimed at assessing the operation of heating devices in heating systems of buildings and structures. The essence of thermal non-destructive testing technique is to determine the actual mass flow rate of coolant through the heating device.
Treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater by physicochemical methods
Authors: Zueva Svetlana , Corradini Valentina , Ruduka Elena , Veglio Francesco
Published: April 2020

The main objective of this work was to improve the technological scheme of oil refinery wastewater treatment. Replacment of the expensive filter section in a refinery plant by coagulation in order to increase effectiveness of the process at lower cost was investigated. This research has proven that Ca(OH)2 and Al2(SO4)3 were effective in treatment of oil wastewater. Central Composite Design was applied to two factors, the Al2(SO4)3 dosage and pH. Under optimum conditions effect of removal of Turbidity did reach 100 %, Total hydrocarbons 90 % and COD 70 %. Concentration of Total hydrocarbons in wastewater after treatment were below Limits for sewerage. Prevailing mechanism for coagulation was charge neutralization, associated with deposition of positively charged aluminum hydroxide onto negatively charged particles. Applying of cogulation will let significantly reduce operating expenses up to 5,436.35 €/year, at the same efficiency, due to replacing expensive filtration processes with cost of 102,600.00 €/year.
Autonomous safety system for MSW landfills
Authors: Titov Aleksandr , Tumanov Aleksandr , Timofeev Andrey , Tumanov Vladimir , Denisov Victor
Published: April 2020

The current state of landfills is an important issue for monitoring. There are a lot of municipal solid waste landfills in the world. But there are no standard solutions for monitoring the current state of these facilities both in Russia and abroad. It makes developing of technical solution, based on Autonomous sensors for measuring the concentrations of hazardous fumes, radiation background, geotechnical factors and other environmental variables, actual. Such system can be easily installed and can work in stand-alone mode for a long time. Decision-making technology in such system can be based on using of modern achievements of Machine Learning.
Technology of integrated processing of fruit raw material in the small enterprise setting
Authors: Krapiva Tatyana , Mayurnikova Larisa , Koksharov Arkadiy , Novoselov Sergey , Gubanenko Galina
Published: April 2020

The scientific and technological development of Russia is aimed at food security and food independence of the country. The problem is solved by using local raw materials, as well. Of high priority is the creation of food products with the pre-set functional properties. The government provides grant support for the projects and scientific programs of innovation activities. The challenge consists in rapid transition from the research results to their implementation. The task is effectively solved within the frames of R&D innovative projects in the system: “science and education – production –- market”. The specific features of growing and harvesting plant raw materials lie in their season character and a small scale. It actualizes its processing with the purpose of obtaining new food products in the small enterprise setting. The research on the technology of integrated processing of high cranberry was done. It involved whole berries pre-drying, cutting and further use of powder-like mixture in the syrup preparation. Modes and parameters for high cranberry drying are brought out: temperature 80ºC, time period – 72 hours with purification intensity of 30% of air volume an hour; kibbling of dry berries to powdery condition with the particle size of 0.001 mm. Rational technological modes and parameters for ready-made syrup are established: mass fraction of sugar syrup dry substances – 55%; the proportion “sugar syrup: high cranberry powder” in the recipe is 10:1.15; syrup cooking time – 30 minutes. Comparative analysis of nutritional value of fresh and dried high cranberry was carried out. The research has shown a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the latter, that proves the practicability of high cranberry integrated processing.
Circulation of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs of different age groups in the Russian Federation
Authors: Neminuschaya Larisa A. , Eremets Natalia K. , Skotnikova Tatyana A. , Pavlenko Igor V. , Eremets Vladimir I. , Markova Evgenia V. , Klyukina Valentina I. , Lyulkova Larisa S.
Published: April 2020

The paper deals with the results of assessing the intensity of PCV2 (porcine circovirus type 2) circulation in pigs of different age groups on pig farms in the Russian Federation. Serum samples of 128 pigs of different age groups from two pig farms in the Russian Federation were studied. As a result, specific antibodies to PCV2 were detected that proves virus circulation. Average titer of serum antibodies was 1:2020 for weaning piglets, 40 d.a. (days of age), in prenursery piglets of the age of 20 days - 1:3120; in replacement gilts of the age of 175 days - 1: 5124; in feeding pigs of the age of 180 days - 1:5300. In female pigs, the percentage of seroprevalence was 95 %. With advancing ageing of pigs, the level of antibody titer to PCV2 was increasing that proves the animals were infected after the decrease of colostral antibody level below protective one.
Influence of the organic farming system on the composition of Bastardo Magarachskiy grape cultivar as a raw material for production of wines
Authors: Stranishevskaya Elena , Ostroukhova Elena , Peskova Irina , Levchenko Svetlana , Matveikina Elena , Shadura Nadezda
Published: April 2020

Studies on the effectiveness of applying the scheme for organic processing of grape cultivar Bastardo Magarachskiy in comparison with the traditional scheme of protection against the powdery mildew on the background of its strong progression were conducted. It was established, that the organic protection scheme is not inferior to the traditional processing scheme in its effectiveness and influence on the composition of grape berries. The biological effectiveness of the organic protection scheme in vineyards averaged 78.3%. There is no significant difference in grapes obtained in the traditional and organic processing schemes by the mass of the bunch, the concentration of sugars and titratable acids in the berry. The use of biological products in foliar treatment had such beneficial effect on the formation of the phenolic complex of berries as the increase in supply of phenolic substances and growth of phenolic maturity. The use of organic protection scheme against powdery mildew led to a decrease in the concentration of pyruvic acid in juice by 2.5 times on average, compared with the traditional one, and an increase (in comparison with the traditional and control) by 1.4 −1.6 times of the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid. The studied treatment regimens did not affect the concentration of aldehydes.
The way of old bread recycling in the bread making
Authors: Savkina Olesia , Kuznetsova Lina , Lokachuk Marina , Parakhina Olga , Pavlovskaya Elena , Lavrenteva Natalia
Published: April 2020

The recycling of non-standard bread (with cracked crust, unsatisfactory mass or non-standard shape) saves natural food resources and provides economic benefits for bakers. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of recycled old bread on the quality of sourdough and bread. An increase in the bread dosage in the rye dense sourdough more than 25% instead of flour negatively affected sourdough quality. The deterioration of the sourdough quality was not associated with a nutrient deficiency. When 25% of recycling old bread was in the sourdough, the quality of the bread was comparable to the control, but the crumbliness was 1.5 times less compared to the control, which indicates a slowing down of the staling process in bread made with recycled bread in sourdough. Bread fermentation in sourdough allowed getting bread with a good smell and taste. Old recycled bread did not significantly affect the microbial contamination of new bread, especially in terms of moulds and yeasts.
Development of New Technological Solutions for the Dairy Industry
Authors: Rozhkova Alena , Olentsova Julia
Published: April 2020

Milk and dairy products occupy an important place in the human food. The development of a popular fermented milk product - yogurt of combined composition - is a prospective direction and has practical significance for the dairy industry. The developed yogurt expands the range of the dairy industry based on dairy and plant-based raw materials. with the increasing demand for fermented milk products, it became necessary to transit from private to industrial production of these products. To produce this product, raw cow’s milk, skimmed milk powder and a plant-based additive are used. As a plant-based additive, the leaves of mint were used.
Method of fish quality preservation at deep handling of raw materials
Authors: Boitsova Tatyana , Dementieva Natalia , Sakharova Olga , Fedoseeva Elena , Bogdanov Valery
Published: April 2020

Deep cutting of fish raw materials is a priority for fish processing enterprises. The the influence of high-pressure processing of fish fillets has been studied and it has been shown that the impact of pressure above 100 MPa leads to a decrease in the total contamination by microorganisms. Further increase in pressure leads to an even greater decrease in the total number of microorganisms. The structural and mechanical properties of the fillet change slightly. High pressure makes the fish’s muscle tissue more dense. Pressure-treated fillets supposed to be stored chilled or frozen for much longer, since their initial quality indicators are much higher than those of fillets not treated with high pressure. The possibility of enriching the whole muscle tissue of fish with vegetable oil lipids when exposed to high pressure is shown.
Peculiarities of admittance spectroscopy study of wide bandgap semiconductors on the example of diamond
Authors: Solomnikova A V , Lukashkin V. A. , Derevianko O V
Published: April 2020

To improve the performance characteristics of power and high-frequency electronics, wide bandgap semiconductors are now widely used. This paper presents consideration of features arising during exploration of electronic characteristics of wide bandgap materials. We use the admittance spectroscopy method for analyzing free carrier concentration and boron-impurity activation energy in semiconductor diamond. The special aspect that should be taken into account while studying wide bandgap materials is incomplete ionization of impurity. In this work we adjust the experimental conditions, basing on the previous experience, in particular reduce signal/noise ratio and reckon with heat capacity of the samples and substrate. As a result we obtained high quality conductance spectra and activation energy of boron impurity in low-doped diamond.
Modelling the effect of artificial lighting on plant growth
Authors: Efremova S.Yu. , Kulikova E.G. , Konovalov V.V. , Tikhomirova E.I.
Published: April 2020

The organisation of even minor additional lighting on the General light background gives a noticeable effect and is the primary task of vegetable growing. The influence of different peaks of 440-450 nm and 650-660 nm of the spectrum for optimal plant growth was experimentally studied. The lack of functional mathematical models for describing the development of plants indicates the need for scientific justification of the optimal spectral composition of the photosynthetically active zone on the example of a specific culture of protected soil. The dynamics of plant height growth in various lighting options is compared: without additional artificial lighting, when using a DNAT lamp, a GLP-FH-56-B lamp, a GLP-FH-56-R lamp, a GLP-FH-56-RB lamp. The obtained functional models of growth in the first two months of vegetation with a different spectrum of additional lighting with good correlation describe power equations.
The Impact of Home-Based Exercise Program on Physical Function of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ju Hongbo , Chen Haojun , Mi Caixia , Chen Yifei , Zuang Caijiao
Published: April 2020

Background Home-based exercise program showed the potential in improving physical function of chronic kidney disease patients, and it might need low associated costs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of home-based exercise program on physical function of chronic kidney disease patients.

Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched. This meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of home-based exercise program on physical function of chronic kidney disease patients. Two investigators independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. The primary outcomes were 6-min walk test and grip strength change.

Results Seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control intervention in chronic kidney disease patients, home-based exercise program could significantly improve 6-min walk test (MD=79.01; 95% CI=22.39–135.62; P=0.006) and grip strength (SMD=0.52; 95% CI=0.14–0.89; P=0.007), but showed no impact on pain scores (SMD=−1.43; 95% CI=−3.75 to 0.88; P=0.22), Kidney Disease Quality of life including symptom/problem list (SMD=1.92; 95% CI=−1.06 to 4.90; P=0.21), effects of kidney disease (SMD=−3.69; 95% CI=−8.56 to 1.19; P=0.14), or burden of kidney disease (SMD=1.04; 95% CI=−0.75 to 2.82; P=0.26).

Conclusions Home-based exercise program might improve physical function for chronic kidney disease, and more RCTs should be conducted to confirm this issue.
Die Effekte von verschiedenen körperlichen Belastungsmodalitäten auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson
Authors: Stuckenschneider Tim , Schneider Stefan
Published: April 2020

Neben den motorischen Symptomen wie Rigor, Tremor, Bradykinese und posturale Instabilität führt Morbus Parkinson oftmals auch zu einer Beeinträchtigung der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit. Um dem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, gewinnen Sport und Bewegung an Bedeutung. Allerdings sind ihre Effekte auf die Kognition bei Morbus Parkinson noch wenig erforscht. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Übersichtsarbeit vorgestellt, die die bisher durchgeführten wissenschaftlichen Studien zusammengefasst und analysiert. Das Potenzial von gezieltem Sporttraining, einem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, wird in diesen Studien deutlich. Allerdings kann keine eindeutige Empfehlung ausgesprochen werden, welche Form von Sporttraining am besten geeignet erscheint, um die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson aufrecht zu erhalten. Hierfür bedarf es weiterer wissenschaftlicher Studien, aus denen klare Empfehlungen zur Trainingsgestaltung abgeleitet werden können.
Kognitive Funktion als Ziel der Bewegungstherapie bei Multiple Sklerose
Authors: Rademacher Annette , Bansi Jens
Published: April 2020

Eine reduzierte kognitive Funktion tritt häufig bei Personen mit Multiple Sklerose auf und beeinflusst die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen stark. Körperliche Aktivität zeigt ein hohes Potenzial, um auf nicht-medikamentöser Ebene die kognitive Funktion zu beeinflussen. Neben der Verbesserung der motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit sollte daher ebenfalls die Verbesserung der kognitiven Funktion in der Bewegungstherapie fokussiert werden. Individuell gesteuerte Trainingsprogramme von Ausdauer-, Kraft- und Koordinationseinheiten stellen dabei einen wesentlichen Schwerpunkt dar.
Pituitary Adenomas with Changing Phenotype: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Guerrero-Pérez Fernando , Marengo Agustina Pia , Vidal Noemi , Villabona Carles
Published: April 2020

Purpose and Methods Phenotype transformation in pituitary adenomas (PA)
is a little known and unexpected clinical phenomenon. We describe two
illustrative cases and performed a systematic review of cases reported in
literature.

Results
Case 1: A 24-year-old woman underwent surgery because of
Cushing’s disease. A complete tumor resection and hypercortisolism
resolution was achieved. Two years later, tumor recurred but clinical and
hormonal hypercortisolism were absent. Case 2: A 77-year-old woman
underwent surgery due to acromegaly. A complete tumor resection and GH excess
remission was achieved. Four years later, tumor recurred but clinical and
hormonal acromegaly was ruled out. Search of literature: From 20 patients
(including our cases), 75% were female with median age 45 (19) years.
Ten patients (50%) had initially functioning PA: 8 switched to NFPA (5
ACTH-secreting PA, 2 prolactinomas and 1 acromegaly) and 2 exchanged to
acromegaly from TSH-secreting PA and microprolactinoma. One patient developed a
pituitary carcinoma from ACTH-secreting PA. Ten patients (50%) initially
had NFPA; 9 developed Cushing’s disease (4 silent corticotroph adenomas,
4 null cell PA and 1 managed conservatively). One patient with silent
somatotroph PA changed to acromegaly. Treatments before transformation were
surgery (80%), radiotherapy (40%), pharmacological (40%)
and in 2 patients switching happened without any treatment. Median follow-up
until transformation was 72 months (range 12–276).

Conclusion PA can change from functioning to (NF) non-functioning (vice
versa) and even exchange their hormonal expression. Clinicians should be aware
and a careful lifelong follow-up is mandatory to detect it.
Verschluss von persistierenden Makulalöchern durch subretinale Flüssigkeitsapplikation: technisches Vorgehen und chirurgische Überlegungen
Authors: Meyer Carsten H. , Adamcova Miriam , Rodrigues Eduardo B. , Stanzel Boris , Koss Michael Janusz
Published: April 2020

Einleitung Feste Adhäsionen zwischen der Netzhaut und dem angrenzenden retinalen Pigmentepithel (RPE) können das Verschließen von Makulalöchern (MH) nach der Chromovitrektomie verhindern. Die Anwendung von subretinaler Flüssigkeit (SR-Flüssigkeit) mit Balanced Salt Solution (BSS) kann diese Adhäsionen lösen und den Verschluss der zurückgezogenen Netzhaut unterstützen.

Methoden Für ein standardisiertes Vorgehen empfiehlt es sich zunächst, die Netzhautoberfläche auf Reste von epiretinalen Membranen präoperativ am OCT oder intraoperativ mittels Vitalfarbstoffen auszuschließen. Intraoperativ appliziert man eine Blase schwerer Flüssigkeit über dem MH und senkt den Druck der Infusionsflasche auf < 20 mmHg. Danach werden SR-Flüssigkeitsbläschen im oberen, temporalen und inferioren Quadranten mit einer subretinalen 41-G-Kanüle angelegt. Nach Entfernen der schweren Flüssigkeit wird die SR-Abhebung in Richtung Zentrum vergrößert. Es ist notwendig, eine vollständige Ablösung der inneren und äußeren Makulakanten vom RPE zu erzielen. Mit einer temporären Gastamponade kann das MH verschlossen werden.

Ergebnisse Mit einem standardisierten Vorgehen kann die Operation sicher und ohne Komplikationen durchgeführt werden. Maßnahmen wie Sorgfalt bei den luftfreien SR-Flüssigkeitsgaben oder maschinelle Assistenz wurden zusätzlich aufgenommen. In einer Pilotstudie führten erfahrene VR-Chirurgen die SR-Flüssigkeitsapplikation sicher und ohne Komplikationen durch. Der präoperative Durchmesser betrug 1150 µm (651 – 2350 µm). Die sekundäre Verschlussrate für unsere PMH betrug 80,9%.

Schlussfolgerung SR-Adhärenzen scheinen bei persistierenden Makulaforamen eine bisher unbeachtete Komponente zu haben. Eine SR-Flüssigkeitsapplikation lässt sich sicher, schnell und mit minimalem Materialaufwand durchführen. Die initialen Ergebnisse zeigen eine hohe sekundäre Verschlussrate.
Bedeutung von transienten Rezeptorpotenzialkanälen für die okuläre Oberfläche: Einblick und Ausblick – von der Laborforschung zur klinischen Praxis
Authors: Mergler Stefan , Pleyer Uwe
Published: April 2020

Für eine optimale visuelle Funktion ist eine Augenoberfläche mit einem vitalen Epithelverband und stabilen Tränenfilm erforderlich. Eine Vielzahl von endogenen und externen Faktoren kann die empfindliche Homöostase der Augenoberfläche beeinflussen und zu einem „trockenen Auge“ führen. Studien im letzten Jahrzehnt haben gezeigt, dass Ca2+ ein wichtiger Faktor bei der Kontrolle der Epithelfunktion der Augenoberfläche ist. Dabei konnten insbesondere transiente Rezeptorpotenzialkanäle (TRPs) als wichtige Komponenten in Hornhaut- und Bindehautzellen identifiziert werden. Die TRPs sind nicht selektive Kationenkanäle, die als molekulare Sensoren wärme-, nozi- bzw. osmosensibel sind. Unsere Ca2+-Imaging- und Patch-Clamp-Studien zeigen, dass die Aktivität von 2 TRP-Isoformen, TRPV1 und TRPM8, durch Änderungen der Osmolarität, der Außentemperatur und einiger endogener Substrate moduliert werden kann. Diese TRPs werden sowohl an nicht neuronalen als auch an neuronalen Hornhautzellen exprimiert. Darüber hinaus beeinflussen diese Wechselwirkungen die Expression von Zytokinen, die inflammatorische Prozesse fördern oder hemmen und damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Physiologie des Trockenen Auges leisten. Zusammengenommen führen diese Ergebnisse nicht nur zu einem besseren Verständnis der Pathophysiologie von Schmerz- und Entzündungsreaktionen der Augenoberfläche. Diese Studien können auch neue Wege aufzeigen, um die Pathophysiologie der Krankheit zu verstehen und die Entwicklung neuer therapeutischer Angriffspunkte beim Syndrom des Trockenen Auges fördern.
Antidiabetic Therapy and Rate of Severe Hypoglycaemia in Patients
with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease of Different Stages – A
Follow-up Analysis of Health Insurance Data from Germany
Authors: Busch Martin , Lehmann Thomas , Wolf Gunter , Günster Christian , Müller Ulrich Alfons , Müller Nicolle
Published: April 2020

Background The presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) influences the
type of antiglycaemic therapy and the risk for hypoglycaemia.

Methods In 2006, 2011 and 2016 health insurance data of people with
diabetes type 2 were screened for CKD and the presence of severe hypoglycaemia
(sHypo). The type of antihyperglycaemic therapy was recorded due to Anatomical
Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes up to 3 months before suffering sHypo.

Results The prevalence of CKD increased from 5.3% in 2006 to
7.3% in 2011 and 11.2% in 2016. Insulin-based therapies were
used in 39.0, 39.1, and 37.9% of patients with, but only in 17.7, 17.4,
and 18.8% of patients without CKD. Although the proportion of the CKD
stages 1, 2 and 5 decreased, CKD stages 3 and 4 increased. The proportion of
sHypo in CKD declined from 2006 (3.5%) to 2011 (3.0%) and 2016
(2.2%) but was still more than 10 times higher as compared to type 2
diabetic patients without CKD (0.3/0.2/0.2%) conferring
a significantly higher probability of sHypo (OR 9.30, 95%CI
9.07–9.54) in CKD. The probability of sHypo was significantly lower in
2016 than in 2006 both in patients with (OR 0.58; CI 0.55–0.61) and
without CKD (OR 0.70; CI 0.68–0.73).

Conclusion The prevalence of CKD increased from 2006 to 2016. Patients
with CKD exhibited a 9-fold increased probability of sHypo, especially in
patients treated with insulin plus oral anti-diabetic drugs. However, the rate
and risk for sHypo decreased over time, probably as a consequence of new
antidiabetic treatment options, better awareness of sHypo, and changed therapy
goals.
Functionalization of Alkenyl C–H Bonds with D2O via Pd(0)/Carboxylic Acid Catalysis
Authors: Maestri Giovanni , Camedda Nicola , Serafino Andrea , Maggi Raimondo , Bigi Franca , Cera Gianpiero
Published: April 2020

We report herein a simple catalytic method for the extensive labeling of alkenyl C–H bonds through the combination of a palladium(0) complex and a carboxylic acid in the presence of deuterium oxide. The reaction can be applied to a variety of terminal alkenes and the best results are obtained with aryl-substituted examples. This method represents a convenient approach for the preparation of extensively labeled chemicals from the cheapest and safest source of deuterium.