bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Centro nacional de difusión musical
Authors:   , Zapata Gotelli Julianna Gabriella
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación presenta como proyecto profesional al Centro Nacional de Difusión Musical en el Centro de Lima, en donde se promueva el conocimiento y la producción musical de todos los géneros, tanto tradicionales como contemporáneos. En la primera sección se realiza la presentación del tema, problemática y objetivos de la investigación. La segunda comprende el marco teórico – referencial en donde se expone la importancia de la difusión musical, se identifican las instituciones vinculadas a ello en el Perú, y se presentan los manuales y normativas asociadas a la tipología de centro musical. Además, se analizan proyectos referenciales en cuanto a tipología y énfasis, que permiten enriquecer la propuesta del Centro Nacional de Difusión Musical. La tercera sección constituye el marco conceptual, en el que se desarrolla a profundidad el concepto de arquitectura de límites difusos como énfasis de la investigación y se plantean estrategias de diseño asociadas a dicho concepto. Por otro lado, en la cuarta sección se realiza el estudio del terreno en el que se ubicará el proyecto, considerando los criterios señalados en el expediente urbano. Más adelante, la quinta sección consiste en el estudio de los usuarios del proyecto. En la sexta sección se presenta el programa arquitectónico y se detallan los ambientes con los que contará, así como sus características y especificaciones. Finalmente, en la séptima sección se presentan las conclusiones de la investigación, una por cada capítulo desarrollado, los criterios de diseño y la memoria arquitectónica.
Vivienda económica en el distrito de Puente Piedra/Lima
Authors:   , Farah Blair Tamara Stephanie
Published: February 2022

El proyecto que se presenta a continuación, es un complejo de viviendas económicas dirigido para el sector socioeconómico C y D. Se encuentra en el distrito de Puente Piedra al norte de la ciudad y departamento de Lima en Perú. Este proyecto está dirigido netamente a la inversión privada, a diferencia de los proyectos sociales del Estado Peruano. Puntos muy importantes que marcan la diferencia con el ya nombrado son: la competencia, el costo del terreno, el rendimiento y la utilidad. La propuesta que se presenta tiene como finalidad cubrir las necesidades básicas y con mayor ímpetu aún, en brindar calidad de vida a los usuarios. Es una propuesta, cuya principal finalidad es crear un proyecto integral, seguro y digno que promueva la vida en comunidad. El proyecto ha sido diseñado dentro de criterios económicos, sostenibles y medioambientales. Se ha incluido un bloque de comercio, el mismo que genera ingresos que sirven para el mantenimiento en general, y, además, consta de energías renovables como paneles solares y turbinas eólicas, así como una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales. Todo ello, reduce los gastos mensuales en consumos de energía y agua, además de ser un proyecto sostenible y eco-amigable.
Arquetipo de héroe y masculinidades en Gillette, We believe. The best man can be
Authors:   , Gutierrez Belleza, Marco Eddu
Published: February 2022

Este artículo investiga el arquetipo del héroe y masculinidades en la publicidad. El proyecto se centra en validar: 1) la posibilidad de cambio en las actitudes heteronormativas en estudiantes varones de las facultades de Letras, Ingeniería y Artes de UNMSM, UNAC y ENSAD. 2) La resistencia al cambio de este grupo objetivo frente a un discurso igualitario del género. Se utiliza el caso Gillette: We believe. The best man can be como discurso publicitario arquetípico. En base a una muestra no representativa (n=297), se expone baja variabilidad estadística en el promedio general. No obstante, sí se observa cambios de mayor solidez en variables específicas como el rol de género familiar y la expresión corporal masculina. Se sugiere la existencia del cambio actitudinal en la muestra, empero se visualiza rechazo a la persuasión y contradicción en la dimensión igualitaria de género.
Propuesta de un modelo de planeamiento y control de la producción basado en la gestión por procesos aplicados a las MYPES productoras de mango en la provincia de Casma, Áncash, con la finalidad de incrementar su productividad
Authors:   , Alvarado León Evelyn Lizeth , Díaz Zamora Juan Daniel
Published: February 2022

En el Perú el sector agroindustrial está dominado por las Mypes con un 99% del total de empresas; en especial, las Mypes agroindustriales de mango son un sector potencial de gran impacto, pues cuentan con una ventaja competitiva a nivel mundial, inician la etapa de cosecha cuando los principales competidores dejan de comercializar el fruto. Sin embargo, el departamento de mayor dependencia económica de este fruto es Ancash y la provincia de Casma la de mayor relevancia, pues es netamente productora de mango. Un problema a nivel productividad de Áncash es la marcada diferencia de 8,2 tn/ha con el primer productor a nivel mundial, México, por lo cual con la finalidad de analizar esta problemática se siguió la siguiente estructura. La investigación inicia con la revisión de diversos artículos de autores competentes en el tema, a partir de los cuales se forma la base científica que sustenta el proyecto. En el mismo, se define el marco teórico, en el cual se recopila información de los temas relacionados al proyecto de investigación, como Mypes, gestión por procesos, planeamiento y control de la producción, buenas prácticas, entre otros. En el segundo capítulo de diagnóstico, se realizó un análisis de las Mypes productoras de mango en Casma y se evidenció diversos problemas de gestión de recursos y de procesos, de los cuales resaltaron cuatro procesos importantes: Gestión de la calidad, Gestión de Planeamiento y Control de la Producción, Gestión de Costos y Gestión Logística. Ante estas problemáticas, se plantea un modelo general que incluye los cuatro procesos, pero en este proyecto de investigación nos enfocaremos en Gestión de Planeamiento y Control de la Producción, para lo cual también se realiza un análisis de hallazgos. Finalmente, en relación con el diagnóstico realizado, se plantea un modelo de Gestión de Planeamiento y Control de la Producción, el cual a permitirá mejorar la productividad en el sector manguero mediante la aplicación Gestión por Procesos y de Buenas Prácticas Agrícolas. Finalmente, el modelo es validado por expertos en los temas antes mencionados, con la finalidad de evaluar la viabilidad del proyecto y corroborar el impacto que se desea alanzar.
Análisis de errores constructivos y propuesta de reforzamiento con malla de alambre galvanizado en viviendas de albañilería confinada en sectores con alto riesgo sísmico del distrito de Villa El Salvador – Lima
Authors:   , Goñi Paulino Wilder Brayan , Maquin Damazo Nehemias Isaias
Published: February 2022

En la investigación se analiza el estado de las viviendas de albañilería confinada construidas sin asistencia profesional en zonas con alto riesgo sísmico del distrito de Villa El Salvador. Se estudian los errores constructivos mediante la inspección visual de las casas autoconstruidas, las cuales presentan una alta vulnerabilidad frente a un terremoto de gran magnitud, en los sectores I (zona 1) y III (zona 2) del distrito. El error constructivo más frecuente que se ha podido identificar es el uso de ladrillos tubulares (ladrillo pandereta) con un fin estructural. Frente a este problema, la propuesta para mejorar la resistencia a la compresión y fuerzas cortantes de los muros de albañilería de pandereta es reforzarlos con malla de alambre galvanizado recubierta con mortero. Lo que se busca es proporcionar, por lo menos, un área segura dentro de las viviendas para que las familias puedan salvaguardar la vida de sus ocupantes frente a la ocurrencia de movimientos telúricos. En ese sentido, mediante ensayos de laboratorio se verifica que el reforzamiento con malla galvanizada mejora, en gran medida, la resistencia a la compresión y al corte de los muros. Además, su implementación resulta ser más económica frente a otras técnicas de reforzamiento como el refuerzo con mallas electrosoldadas. Esto es importante, porque la población beneficiaria pertenece a los niveles socioeconómicos C y D (bajo nivel socioeconómico).
Las causas de la contratación temporal tras el Real Decreto-ley 32/2021
Authors: Gómez Abelleira Francisco Javier
Published: February 2022

El Real Decreto-ley 32/2021 ha modificado las causas de contratación temporal. El lector encontrará una detallada descripción de los cambios y una valoración razonada de su impacto. Sobre la base de la tradición normativa y de la jurisprudencia, el autor propone una interpretación de los nuevos textos.
El nuevo régimen de reducción de jornada y de suspensión de contratos por causas ETOP y por fuerza mayor. Una apuesta por la estabilidad y la formación en el empleo
Authors: Puebla Pinilla Ana de la
Published: February 2022

Aunque la reforma de los expedientes temporales de regulación de empleo no estaba contemplada en los planes de reforma de la normativa laboral, la experiencia acumulada durante la pandemia sanitaria del COVID-19 ha impulsado la reforma del art. 47 ET con la ﬁnalidad de incorporar algunas medidas que se han revelado especialmente eﬁcaces. Las novedades en dicha regulación responden a la ﬁnalidad de diseñar un modelo de ERTE que opere como instrumento útil y ágil para la gestión de las crisis temporales que afectan a las empresas, como mecanismo alternativo a decisiones de destrucción de empleo y como oportunidad para mejorar la cualiﬁcación profesional de las personas trabajadoras. En el estudio se analizan, en particular, las herramientas que permiten atender a dichas ﬁnalidades -la ﬂexibilización de la tramitación y gestión de los ERTE, la apuesta por la formación de los trabajadores, la preferencia por la reducción de jornada frente a la suspensión de contratos y las ayudas económicas a los ERTE-. Se analiza también el efecto que la entrada en vigor de la reforma del art. 47 ET genera sobre los ERTE vivos o en tramitación a fecha 31 de diciembre de 2021.
MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DEMONSTRATION DAN METODE PEMBERIAN TUGAS DI KELOMPOK A RA MUSLIMAT NU PASAYANGAN MARTAPURA
Authors: Reza Ahya Rizki Nur , Hananik Ike
Published: February 2022

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis capaian pengembangan motorik halus anak dalam melakukan gerakan manipulatif (membuat bentuk) menggunakan kombinasi model Demonstration dan metode pemberian tugas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek penelitian anak kelompok A1 jumlah 18 anak, yaitu 9 laki-laki dan 9 perempuan di RA Muslimat NU Pasayangan Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan anak berdasarkan langkah gabungan dari kombinasi model Demonstration dan metode pemberian tugas. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Demonstration dan metode pemberian tugas dalam mengembangkan motorik halus melakukan gerakan manipulatif (membuat bentuk) telah terlaksana dalam kategori Sangat Baik, aktivitas anak telah mencapai 94.44% dengan kriteria Hampir Seluruhnya Anak Aktif, dan capaian pengembangan motorik halus anak telah mencapai 94.44% dengan kriteria Berkembang Sangat Baik. Diharapkan kombinasi model dan metode pada penelitian ini, dapat dijadikan sebagai masukan untuk kepentingan pendidikan dalam mengembangkan aspek motorik halus anak agar lebih baik lagi.Kata kunci: Motorik Halus, Melakukan Gerakan Manipulatif (Membuat Bentuk), Model Demonstration, dan Metode Pemberian Tugas  AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the achievement of children's fine motor development in performing manipulative movement (making shapes) using a combination of the Demonstration model and the giving task method. This study uses a qualitative approach and class action research with the research subjects being group A1 with 18 children, namely 9 boys and 9 girls at RA Muslimat NU Pasayangan Martapura, Banjar Regency. The instrument in this study was an observation sheet on teacher and child activities based on the combined steps of the combination of the Demonstration model and the giving task method. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of the Demonstration model and the method of assigning tasks in developing fine motor skills to perform manipulative movements (making shapes) has been carried out in the Very Good category, children's activities have reached 94.44% with the criteria of Almost All Active Children, and the achievement of fine motor development children have reached 94.44% with very well-developed criteria. It is hoped that the combination of models and methods in this study can be used as input for educational purposes in developing the fine motor aspects of children to be even better.Keywords: Fine Motor, Manipulative Movement, Demonstration Model, and Giving Task Method.
The Emerging World Order: Experience of Theoretical Understanding
Authors: Ryabov A.
Published: February 2022

We publish summary report on the joint seminar of the Russian Council for International Affairs (RCIA), Primakov Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences and Journal “World Economy and International relations”. The discussion raised such issues as the definition of the world order and methods of its study, the characteristics of the modern world order and its main parameters, the evolutionary scenarios of the world order and contours of its future. The organizers of the semiar also raised the question about the possibility of understanding and interpreting the world order outside the limits of the concept of “pole of power”. Participants: Voitolovsky F. G., Director of IMEMO, corresponding member of RAS; Kortunov A. V., Director General of RCIA, Cand. of Sci. (History); Kosolapov N. A., leading researcher at IMEMO, Cand of Sci. (History); Rogov S. M., academician of RAS, Supervisor of Institute for the US and Canadian Studies of RAS; Kharkevich M. V., lecturer at MGIMO, Cand. of Sci. (Political).
Foreign Experience of Competition Policy in Digital Economy
Authors: Rozanova N.
Published: February 2022

Economic reality has dramatically changed in the 21st century. Competition and monopoly behaviour are under radical transformation due to digital effects in contemporary business world. Digitalization has engendered many new types of monopolistic conduct and deeply altered traditional forms of firms’ misconduct. In a digital era, the antitrust policy should rethink its concepts of regulation, market power, and anticompetitive behaviour. The analysis of contemporary competition policy in different countries shows that traditional antitrust rules could not effectively deal with digital activity. Having entered even in an ordinary space of anticompetitive firm behaviour, digital world has challenged traditional concepts of antitrust policy. The antitrust rules that dominated in the 20th century are mostly outdated when applied to digital era trends. What should and could competition policy do to meet the requirements of the 21st century? The article touches upon contemporary foreign investigations in the sphere of competition and competition policy. Our analysis demonstrates the challenges that are under way in antitrust regulation. Special attention is paid on new patterns that characterize traditional forms of monopolistic behaviour (cartels, dominant misconduct, predatory pricing, exclusive dealing, etc.) in a digital world. There was drawn the conclusion concerning the vital necessity of a cardinal transformation for the antitrust policy from a hard state controller into a flexible business consultant, with the aim not to punish but to prevent market misconduct.
RCEP in the System of Mega-Regional Trade Agreements
Authors: Salamatov V. , Tangaeva A. , Kolomin V.
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in terms of agreements reached and effects on the international trade system. Having involved the issues of tariff protection, rules of origin, TBT and SPS barriers in trade, investments, dispute settlement mechanism, and other regulation RCEP has an impact on both megaregionalism and international political economy system. In addition to the system level, the article examines the influence that this FTA will have on Russia and comparative market access conditions for Russian exporters in the RCEP countries. In comparison with other mega-regional trade arrangements such as TTP, RCEP provides for a more flexible approach to the commitments of the RCEP countries. Alongside the fact that each participating state has individual tariff elimination schedules with prolonged transition period for some products, such countries as Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, China, Philippines, and Korea set differentiated tariff elimination schedules for certain participating states. Overall, the significance of RCEP is based upon two levels. First, this allowed to form a FTA that is of key importance for Southeast and East Asia, especially China, Japan, and Korea, which may be the basis for deeper integration. Second, RCEP is a case for megaregionalism revival against economic nationalism that seemed to be on the rise. Importantly, RCEP has non-western countries at its core, which puts the entire Asia to the fore of trade liberalization process. As for Russia, it is essential to secure the potential export niches, products, and services so to go up the value chain as well as to be cautious about potential surge in imports that may happen.
“HAYAT TAHRIR AL-SHAM” IN THE SYRIAN CONFLICT: METAMORPHOSIS OF THE TERRORIST GROUP
Authors: Yashlavskii A.
Published: February 2022

One of the actors in the armed conflict in Syria is the extremist group “Hayat Tahrir al-Sham” (HTS), which controls the territory of Idlib province in coordination with a number of other armed groups. Originally emerging as closely associated with the al-Qaeda terrorist network as “al-Nusra Front”, this organization has undergone a number of transformations in recent years as a result of both external and internal factors. Consistently loyal to jihadist principles, “al-Nusra Front” (and its incarnations, such as “Jabhat Fatah al-Sham” and “Hayat Tahrir al-Sham”) has demonstrated a certain flexibility throughout its history, which manifested in its attempts to adapt to changes and the wide use of soft power tools. The article analyzes the reasons for the rebranding of the group, which is trying to get rid of the odious image not only in the eyes of the Syrians, but also in the international arena. In particular, the author concludes that HTS is guided by the example of the Afghani Taliban movement in its attempts to obtain the status of a legitimate and negotiable participant in the conflict. There are signs that the strategy chosen by HTS is partly working with its message received in the Western expert community. It calls for a revision of the United States’ and its allies’ policies in relation to the HTS group, which has allegedly “severed ties with transnational jihadist networks and now seeks to enter the sphere of political participation in the future of Syria”. The article maintains that there are doubts about both the possibility of a conscious evolution of HTS into a more moderate movement, and the sincerity of their rejection of the “global jihad” agenda as declared by the group’s leaders. There is reason to believe that the group is not going to completely abandon terrorist activities outside the zone of the Syrian conflict.
A Simple Scalar Field Model Based on Classical Newtonian Mechanics Provides a Fundamental Bridge Between General Relativity Effects and Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Austin Rickey
Published: February 2022

As part of my doctoral thesis I researched a novel method to introduce General Relativity as a continuation of Newtonian physics, with the hope of keeping the method at a high school academic level. The method resulted in calculating many General Relativity effects without utilizing differential geometry. These effects aligned to a minimum first order precision of Schwarzschild's solution to Einstein's field equations. As a continuation of this methodology I hereby introduce a simple scalar field for mapping gravitational relativistic effects of orbital mechanics. These effects are then applied to a classical model of the Hydrogen atom resulting in a relativistic effect equal to the binding energy of the Hydrogen atom. The model is not presented as as a replacement for current theory, rather it is for inspection and illustration of how a simplistic model may offer a fundamental bridge between the more complex, time proven theories of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.
An Assessment of Veterans Attitudes and Willingness to Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Gardner Jessica , Brown Gabriel , Vargas-Correa Jadisha , Weaver Frances , Rubinstein Israel , Gordon Howard
Published: February 2022

Background: While several safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines have been available since December 2020, many eligible individuals choose to remain unvaccinated. This vaccine hesitancy is an important factor affecting our ability to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The objective of the study was to examine the attitudes and willingness among US Veterans toward receiving COVID-19 vaccination. The study used a quantitative qualitative mixed methods design with a telephone survey and then in-depth interviews in a subset of those surveyed. Participants were unvaccinated Veterans (N=184) selected randomly from a registry of patients who had received VA healthcare during the pandemic and had a diagnostic test for COVID-19. The primary outcome was willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccination. Survey data collection and in-depth interviews were conducted by telephone. Analyses of the survey data compared the primary outcome with demographics, clinical data, and survey responses using bivariate and multiple regression analyses. A subset (N=10) of those surveyed, participated in an in-depth interview. Interview transcripts were analyzed to derive themes using qualitative content analysis.Results: Almost 40% of participants disagreed they would receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Participants who were younger, female, and had fewer comorbid conditions more likely (P<0.05) to disagree with COVID-19 vaccination. In multiple regression willingness to accept vaccination was associated with reliance on a doctor or family member’s recommendation and with a belief that vaccines are effective. In-depth interviews revealed several barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, including lack of trust in the government and vaccine manufacturers, concerns about the speed of vaccine development, fear of side effects and fear the vaccine was a tool of racism. Conclusions: This study illustrates the complexity of patients’ deliberation about COVID-19 vaccination and may help physicians and other health care providers understand patients’ perspectives about COVID-19 vaccination. The results highlight the importance of patients’ trust in physicians, healthcare organizations, pharmaceutical manufacturers and the government when making health decisions.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Home Rehabilitation Care for Disabled Older Adults: a Qualitative Study in Shandong, China
Authors: Wang Haixia , Zhang Yanyan , Yue Shouwei
Published: February 2022

Background: There has been growing international interest in-home rehabilitation care as a new method for the elderly with disabilities. However, the results of current studies about home rehabilitation care were still controversial.Method: A descriptive qualitative research. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were performed to collect data. The interview data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis method.Result: 18 nurses with different characteristics took part in interviews from 10 cities in Shandong Province. Nine themes were identified in our research, which included 5 barriers (Theme 1: Security issues; Theme 2: Strained relationship; Theme3: Lack of awareness to rehabilitation; Theme 4: Limited resources; Theme 5: Incomplete policies and laws), and 4 facilitators (Theme 1: Team cooperation; Theme 2: Home modifications; Theme3: Network support; Theme 4: Training)Conclusion: Nurses from the rehabilitation department reported many barriers related to the implementation of home rehabilitation care. They reported facilitators to the implementation of home rehabilitation care despite the barriers, which provided practical recommendations for directions to be explored by researchers in China and elsewhere.
A probabilistic solution for the Syracuse conjecture
Authors: Imad El ghazi
Published: February 2022

We prove the veracity of the Syracuse conjecture by establishingthat starting from an arbitrary positive integer diffrent of 1 and 4, theSyracuse process will never comeback to any positive integer reachedbefore and then we conclude by using a probabilistic approach.Classification : MSC: 11A25
Pharmacogenetics of chemotherapy treatment response and -toxicities in patients with osteosarcoma: a systematic review of 2010-2020
Authors: Hurkmans Evelien G.E. , Brand Annouk C.A.M. , Verdonschot Job A.J. , Loo D. Maroeska W.M. te , Coenen Marieke J.H.
Published: February 2022

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Despite multiagent chemotherapy, only 71% of patients survives and these survivors often experience long-term toxicities. The main objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the discovery of novel associations of germline polymorphisms with treatment response and/or chemotherapy-induced toxicities in osteosarcoma.Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched (2010-2020). Genetic association studies were included if they assessed >10 germline genetic variants in > 5 genes in relevant drug pathways or if they used a genotyping array or other large-scale genetic analysis. Quality was assessed using adjusted STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association studies (STREGA)-guidelines. To find additional evidence for the identified associations, literature was searched to identify replication studies.Results: After screening 1533 articles, fifteen articles met our inclusion criteria. These range from studies focusing on genes in relevant pharmacokinetic pathways to whole genome sequencing. Eight articles reported on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. For seven genetic variants in CELF4, GPR35, HAS3, RARG, SLC22A17, SLC22A7 and SLC28A3, replication studies were performed, however without consistent results. Four small studies reported on bone marrow, nephro- and/or hepatotoxicity. Six studies included analysis for treatment efficacy. Genetic variants in ABCC3, ABCC5, FasL, GLDC, GSTP1 were replicated in studies using heterogeneous efficacy outcomes.Conclusions: Despite that results are promising, the majority of associations were poorly reproducible due to small patient cohorts. For the future, hypothesis-generating studies in large patient cohorts will be necessary, especially for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity as these are lacking. In order to form large patient cohorts, national and international collaboration will be essential.
Impact of Frailty on Outcomes of Total Joint Replacement and Differentiating the Impaction of Comorbidity and Frailty
Authors: Zhang Yang , Lian Qiang , Wang Jian , Lian Yun , Yang Qinfeng , Zhao Mingchen
Published: February 2022

Background: Frailty is a reduced capacity to recover from a physiologically stressful event. It is well established that preoperative frailty is associated with poor postoperative outcomes, Comorbidity often overlap with frailty in the patients and the known risk factors for frailty. No large-scale studies have explored the extent to which frailty impacts outcomes among TJA and it is also unclear the contributions of frailty and its interactions with comorbidity following anesthesia and TJA. Methods: Discharge data of 2,029,843 patients who underwent TJA between 2005 and 2014 from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was analyzed using cross-tabulations and multivariate regression modeling. Frailty was defined based on frailty-defining diagnosis clusters from the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups frailty-defining diagnosis indicator.Results：Among patients who underwent total joint replacement surgery, 50,385 (2.5%) were identified as frail. Frailty was highly associated with older age, especially those over the age of 80 years, female, black race, a high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of ≥3, emergency/urgent admission and teaching hospital. Frailty had a better predictive effect on in-hospital death and acute surgical complications, while comorbidity was associated with greater odds of acute medical complications. Notably, frailty did not show an enhancement of the predictive power of the Charlson comorbidity score for postoperative complications or in-hospital death. Furthermore, frailty was a good predictor for increased LOS and increased hospitalization costs. There was a synergistic interaction effect between frailty and Charlson comorbidity score on the OR for LOS and hospitalization costs.Conclusion: Frailty independently predicted postoperative surgical and medical complications. Frailty also had a synergistic interaction with comorbidity for patients who are preparing to undergo TJA.
Analysis of Rhodopsin G Protein-Coupled Receptor Orthologs Reveals Semiochemical Peptides for Parasite (Schistosoma Mansoni) and Host (Biomphalaria Glabrata) Interplay
Authors: Phan Phong , Liang Di , Zhao Min , Wyeth Russell C. , Fogarty Conor , Duke Mary G. , McManus Donald P. , Wang Tianfang , Cummins Scott F.
Published: February 2022

Background: Schistosomiasis is a medically significant disease caused by helminth parasites of the genus Schistosoma. The schistosome life cycle requires chemically mediated interactions with an intermediate (aquatic snail) and definitive (human) host. Blocking parasite development within the snail stage requires improved understanding of the interactions between the snail host and the Schistosoma water-borne free-living form (miracidium). Innovations in snail genomics and aquatic chemical communication provide an ideal opportunity to explore snail-parasite coevolution at the molecular level. Rhodopsin G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are of particular interest in studying how trematode parasites navigate towards their snail hosts. The potential role of GPCRs in parasites makes them candidate targets for new antihelminthics that disrupt the intermediate host life-cycle stages, thus preventing subsequent human infections.Results: A genomic-bioinformatic approach was used to identify GPCR orthologs between the snail Biomphalaria glabrata and miracidia of its obligate parasite Schistosoma mansoni. We show that 8 S. mansoni rhodopsin GPCRs expressed within the miracidial stage share overall amino acid similarity with 8 different B. glabrata rhodopsin GPCRs, particularly within transmembrane domains, suggesting conserved structural features. These GPCRs include an orphan peptide receptor as well as several with strong sequence homologies with rhabdomeric opsin receptors, a serotonin receptor, a sulfakinin (SK) receptor, an allatostatin-A (buccalin) receptor and an FMRFamide receptor. Buccalin and FMRFa peptides were identified in water conditioned by B. glabrata, and we show synthetic buccalin and FMRFa can stimulate significant rates of change of direction and turn-back responses in S. mansoni miracidia.Conclusions: Ortholog GPCRs were identified in S. mansoni miracidia and B. glabrata. These GPCRs may detect similar ligands, including snail-derived odorants that could facilitate miracidial host finding. These results lay the foundation for future research elucidating the mechanisms by which GPCRs mediate host finding which can lead to the potential development of novel anti-schistosome interventions.
Factors associated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments adherence in patients with Borderline personality disorder in Iran
Authors: Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Mohammadabadi Motahareh Sadat Mirhaj , Mohammadsadeghi Homa , Adrebili Mehrdad Eftekhar , Kolour Zahra Partovi , Kashaninasab Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder is a major mental illness characterized by a sustained relationship instability, impulsive behavior and intense affects. Adherence is a complex behavior, from minor refusals of treatment to inappropriate use of health services or even abandonment of treatment, which can be affected by various factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting pharmacological and non-pharmacological adherence in patients with borderline personality disorder referred to an outpatient referral clinic in Tehran, Iran.MethodsThe study was a retrospective cohort. The files of patients with borderline personality disorder referred to the outpatient clinic of the Tehran Psychiatric Institute were reviewed as the first step. In the next step, we contacted the patients and asked them to fill out the questionnaires. Data were collected using the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) questionnaire and a researcher made questionnaire to determine the attitude of patients toward pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and therapeutic adherence. After collecting data, patients’ therapeutic acceptance was divided into three groups: poor, partial, good compliance. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version-22.Results Ninety-four patients were involved in the study and fifty four of them were women. In terms of psychotherapy adherence, patients with higher education and hospital admission history have better compliance. Medication attitudes were negative in 54 patients (57.4%), while 40.4% of them stated that psychotherapy or counselling did not help their condition and showed a negative attitude toward non-pharmacological treatment. Additionally, psychotherapy good adherence of the patients (44.7%) was higher than medication good adherence (31.9%). The most common reasons for discontinuation of treatment were medication side effects (53.1%), dissatisfaction with the therapist (40.3%) and then fear of medication dependence (40%). The results showed no relationship between other demographic factors and treatment adherence.ConclusionsResults of the current study show that attitude toward psychotherapy is more positive than pharmacotherapy. In addition, according to the results, working on changeable factors such as patients’ fear of dependence to medication, dissatisfaction with the therapist, and medication side effects may improve patients' treatment adherence.
Effectiveness of an App-based Intervention to Reduce Substance Use, Gambling and Digital Media Use in Vocational School Students: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arnaud Nicolas , Weymann Johanna , Lochbühler Kirsten , Pietsch Benjamin , Rossa Monika , Kraus Ludwig , Thomasius Rainer , Hanewinkel Reiner , Morgenstern Matthis
Published: February 2022

Background:Substance-related and addictive disorders are among the most common mental disorders in adolescence and young adulthood. Vocational school students are a risk group for problematic substance use and addictive behavior. However, the availability of evidence-based prevention concepts and programs is underdeveloped in the vocational school setting.Methods/design: A two-arm cluster randomized waitlist-controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an app-based intervention to decrease substance use, gambling and digital media use in vocational school students in Germany. Vocational students will participate in an app-based intervention that is designed to support voluntary commitment to abstain from or reduce substance or digital media use over a period of two weeks. The “education-as-usual” control arm will have access to the intervention after data collection is completed. Primary outcome measures will be use of alcohol, nicotine, and digital media 30 days after intervention. Several secondary outcome measures will also be included, such as cannabis consumption, gambling, symptoms of stress, physical activity, mindfulness, well-being, impulsivity and sensation seeking, and readiness to change. A total of 4,500 vocational students from 225 classes will be recruited and randomized across three German federal states. Discussion:This study protocol describes the design of an RCT testing the effectiveness of an app-based intervention to reduce addictive behaviors in vocational school students. It is expected that this approach will be feasible for and effective in the vocational school setting and that the study provides comprehensive information on the key factors involved in temporary abstaining or reducing substance or digital media use.Trial registration: German Register of Clinical Studies: No. DRKS00023788, registered on January 20, 2021
DNA recovery from used malaria RDT to detect Plasmodium species and to assess Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity: A pilot study in Madagascar
Authors: ANDRIANARANJAKA Voahangy Hanitriniaina Isabelle , Ravaoarisoa Elisabeth , Rakotomanga Tovonanahary Angelo , Ralinoro Fanomezantsoa , Rakoto Danielle A Doll , Randrianarivo Hanitra , Jeannoda Victor , Ratsimbasoa Arsène
Published: February 2022

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (mRDT) are widely used for malaria diagnosis in Madagascar, where Plasmodium falciparum is the predominant species. Molecular diagnosis is essential for malaria surveillance, but requires additional blood samples for DNA extraction. Used mRDTs is an attractive alternative that can be used as a source of DNA. P. falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection, usually determined by the genotyping of polymorphic regions of merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 genes (msp1, msp2), and the repeated region RII of the glutamate-rich protein gene (glurp) have been associated with malaria transmission levels and subsequently with the impact of the deployed control strategies. Thus, the study aims using mRDT as DNA source to detect Plasmodium species, to characterize P. falciparum genetic diversity and determine the multiplicity of infection. Methods: A pilot study was conducted in two sites with different epidemiological patterns: Ankazomborona (low transmission area) and Matanga (high transmission area). On May 2018, used mRDT (SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag P.f/Pan, 05FK63) were collected as DNA source. Plasmodium DNA was extracted by simple elution with nuclease free water. Nested-PCR were performed to confirm Plasmodium species and to analyze P. falciparum msp1, msp2 and glurp genes polymorphisms. Results: Amongst the 170 obtained samples (N=74 from Ankazomborona and N=96 from Matanga), Plasmodium positivity rate was 23.5% (40/170) [95%CI: 17.5 – 30.8%] by nested-PCR with 92.2% (37/40) positive to P. falciparum, 5% (2/40) to P. vivax and 2.5% (1/40) to P. falciparum/P. vivax mixed infection. Results showed high polymorphisms in P. falciparum msp1, msp2 and glurp genes. Multiple infection rate was 28.6% [95% CI: 12.2 - 52.3%]. The mean of MOI was 1.79 ± 0.74. Conclusion: This pilot study highlighted that malaria diagnosis and molecular analysis are possible by using used malaria RDT. A large-scale study needs to be conducted to assess more comprehensively malaria parasites transmission levels and provide new data for guiding the implementation of local strategies for malaria control and elimination. Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Predicting coronary artery calcified plaques using perivascular fat CT radiomics features and clinical risk factors
Authors: Wei Wei , Hu Guoqing , Ge Ya-qiong , Hu Xiao-kun
Published: February 2022

Background: This study was performed to investigate the value of the radiomics features of perivascular fat in predicting the texture of coronary artery plaques.Methods: The data of 200 patients with coronary plaques were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 828 radiomics features were extracted for each lesion, and 12 features obtained after filtering screening were used to build a machine learning model. Clinical risk factors for hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were collected, and a combined model was established. Decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the model.Results: The radiomics features of perivascular fat could significantly differentiate whether a plaque was calcified or not, and a correlation was found between age and plaque calcification among clinical risk factors. The discrimination of the combined model improved slightly after the addition of the age factor, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.98 (95% confidence interval, 0.95–1.00) and 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.92–1.00) for the combined model training and testing groups, respectively. The sensitivity was 0.92 and 0.86 and the specificity was 0.99 and 1, respectively. Through decision curve analysis, the clinical usefulness of the combined model was demonstrated to be optimal in the four-group model.Conclusions: The combined model established and validated based on enhanced computed tomography radiomics features and clinical risk factors has high value in predicting coronary artery calcified plaque.
Expression of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Induces Ligament Degeneration Through Endochondral Ossification in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tokumoto Maya , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Nekomoto Akinori , Ishikawa Masakazu , Ikuta Yasunari , Miyaki Shigeru , Adachi Nobuo
Published: February 2022

Background
Degeneration occurs in various tissues such as cartilage and subchondral bone, and ligament deficiency also plays an important role in the osteoarthritis (OA) progression, but factor which it causes is still unclear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), one of the neuropeptides, its expression increases in OA progression. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mechanism of ligament degeneration and the function of CGRP.
Methods
To examine the relationship between ligament degeneration and CGRP expression, human posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) from OA patients and SAMP8 mice were histologically analyzed. The effect of CGRP of human ligament cells on the differentiation was also examined.
Results
In human PCL, CGRP expression increased as degeneration progressed, and decreased in the severe degeneration. CGRP expressed in the chondrocyte like cells with SOX9. In SAMP8 mice, the expression of CGRP increased as OA progression, but it decreased in the severe OA. CGRP up regulated the gene expression of VEGF, SOX9, RUNX2, Col10a1and MMP13. CGRP also promoted chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in the human ligament cells.
Conclusions
During OA progression, CGRP induces the transdifferentiation from ligament cells to chondrocytes, and promotes endochondral ossification in the ligament. CGRP would be the therapeutic target to prevent the ligament degeneration.
Prenatal Assessment and pregnancy outcomes of foetal low-lying conus medullaris using 3D Ultrasound
Authors: Sun Yu , Jing Baihua , Zhang Huijing
Published: February 2022

Objectives This study aimed to follow up cases with low conus medullaris (CM) using three dimensional (3D) ultrasonography and analyze and explore the correlation between the CM location and the final prognosis. Methods 39 cases of low CM diagnosed prenatally in the Peking University First Hospital was collected retrospectively from January, 2019 to December, 2020. The location of CM was confirmed by 3D ultrasonography and clinical data including postnatal outcomes were collected.Results The average gestational weeks when low CM was diagnosed was between 23 and 24 weeks. Among 39 cases, there are 9 cases (23.1%) which were complicated with spine abnormality (3 cases of open spina bifida, 6 cases of tethered cord syndrome). Apart from 9 cases of pregnancy termination, the remaining 30 cases of live births had good prognosis, though 5 of 6 cases of tethered cord syndrome underwent the surgical release. The mean location of cases of open spinal dysraphism and cases of closed dysraphism/tethered cord syndrome was at L5 and between Lumber vertebra (L)5 and Sacral vertebra (S) 1 respectively, which showed statistically significance compared with the postnatally normal group. When we set Lumber 4.25 as the cut-off value to predict the diagnosis of spine abnormality (mainly open spina dysraphism and closed spinal dysraphism/tethered cord syndrome, the sensitivity was 66.7 and the specificity was 96% with the area under curve (AUC) at 0.877. Conclusion Low CM was related with spinal defects (mainly open spinal dysraphism and closed spinal dysraphism/tethered cord syndrome). Clinicians should be cautious especially when the location of CM was lower than L4. In cases of tethered cord syndrome, release surgery was needed according to the postnatal condition. Otherwise, the prognosis of low CM was good.
LncRNA MEG3 Induces Endothelial Differentiation of Adipose-derived Stem Cells by Targeting MiR-145-5p/KLF4
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Liu Gang , Mao Xu , Yang Lei , Wang Bingyu , Yuan Xingxing
Published: February 2022

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) affected the endothelial differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Material and Methods: ADSCs were isolated and identified by specific surface marker detection. The effects of lncRNA MEG3 on endothelial differentiation of ADSCs were also detected via quantitative PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence and Matrigel angiogenesis assays. In addition, using target gene prediction tools and luciferase reporter assays, the downstream target gene was demonstrated. Results: LncRNA MEG3 targeted and reduced the expression levels of microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), which upregulated the expression levels of Krüppel like factor 4 (KLF4), promoting endothelial differentiation of ADSCs. Conclusion: LncRNA MEG3 induced endothelial differentiation of ADSCs by targeting miR-145-5p/KLF4, which may provide novel insights to illustrate the mechanism of endothelial differentiation of ADSCs.
Identification of Patterns in the Use of Wired Equivalent Privacy (Wep) as a Security Protocol in Wi-Fi Networks.
Authors: Valle Francisco , Alonso Mauricio
Published: February 2022

The constant access to the internet is today part of our life, both in work and family environments we are forced to be connected. In 2020, the arrival and rapid spread of covid-19 have shown us this situation more firmly. Unfortunately, society continues to postpone raising awareness on cybersecurity issues at all levels. This is how today we see the use of obsolete security protocols in different environments. In this document, we focus on identifying the use of the WEP protocol in a sector of the city of Bogotá, as well as the common elements of its users, and demonstrating how with free software it is possible to break the security provided by this network protocol.