bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An in vitro Evaluation of Friction Characteristics of Conventional Stainless Steel and Self-ligating Stainless Steel Brackets with different Dimensions of Archwires in Various Bracket–archwire Combination
Authors: Rajasekaran UB , Sandbhor Shailesh , Ramees M Mohamed , Abraham Esther A
Published: August 2017

Aim

The purpose of this research is to compare the frictional attributes of stainless steel conventional brackets and selfligating stainless steel brackets with different dimensions of archwires.

Materials and methods

The test was carried with two sets of maxillary brackets: (1) Conventional stainless steel (Victory Series), (2) stainless steel self-ligating (SmartClip) without first premolar brackets. Stainless steel, nickel–titanium (NiTi), and beta-Ti which are the types of orthodontic wire alloys were tested in this study. To monitor the frictional force, a universal testing machine (Instron 33R 4467) that comprises 10 kg tension load cell was assigned on a range of 1 kg and determined from 0 to 2 kg, which allows moving of an archwire along the brackets. One-way analysis of variance was used to test the difference between groups. To analyze the statistical difference between the two groups, Student's t-test was used.

Results

For Victory Series in static friction, p-value was 0.946 and for kinetic friction it was 0.944; at the same time for SmartClip, the p value for static and kinetic frictional resistance was 0.497 and 0.518 respectively. Hence, there was no statistically significant difference between the NiTi and stainless steel archwires.

Conclusion

It is concluded that when compared with conventional brackets with stainless steel ligatures, self-ligating brackets can produce significantly less friction during sliding. Beta-Ti archwires expressed high amount of frictional resistance and the stainless steel archwires comprise low frictional resistance among all the archwire materials.

Clinical significance

In orthodontics, frictional resistance has always had a major role. Its ability to impair tooth movement leads to the need for higher forces to move the teeth and it extends the treatment time which results in loss of posterior anchorage. Friction in orthodontics is related with sliding mechanics when a wire is moving through one or a series of bracket slots.

How to cite this article

Sridharan K, Sandbhor S, Rajasekaran UB, Sam G, Ramees MM, Abraham EA. An in vitro Evaluation of Friction Characteristics of Conventional Stainless Steel and Selfligating Stainless Steel Brackets with different Dimensions of Archwires in Various Bracket–archwire Combination. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):660-664.
Comparison between Color Spaces of Vita Lumin Shade Guide with Natural Teeth in Bengaluru Population using Spectrocolorimeter: An in vivo Study
Authors: Mehta Deepak , Gupta Nishant , Shetty Rohit M , Bhat Adarsh N , Srivatsa Gopalakrishna , Singh Ipsha
Published: August 2017

Aim

The aim of this study is to compare the color space of Vita Lumin shade guide (SG) with the natural teeth of the local population.

Materials and methods

A total of 100 maxillary central incisors (100 patients) were subjected to color measurement with a spectrocolorimeter. For each tooth, L*, a*, b* values were recorded. All the shade tabs of Vita Lumin SG were analyzed with a spectrocolorimeter to define the color space covered by the Vita Lumin SG. The L*a*b* values of natural teeth were plotted on separate scattered diagrams and compared.

Results

About two out of three attributes (luminance and blue spectrum) of the local population of Bengaluru displayed a broader range than those available in Vita Lumin SG.

Conclusion

The local population requires an SG with an extended range, covering a higher luminance spectrum and broader blue spectrum.

Clinical significance

Esthetic restorations require accurate shade matching with the adjacent natural teeth, SGs being the mean of shade selection and communication should be comparable to the natural teeth.

How to cite this article

Shetty RM, Bhat AN, Gupta N, Mehta D, Srivatsa G, Singh I. Comparison between Color Spaces of Vita Lumin Shade Guide with Natural Teeth in Bengaluru Population using Spectrocolorimeter: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):683-687.
Histologic Variants of Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Study of 52 Cases
Authors: Irani Soussan , Foroughi Forough
Published: August 2017

Aim

This study aimed at evaluating histological features of 52 cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), which is an uncommon benign odontogenic lesion. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified COC as a neoplasm and used the term calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) for benign cystic type and the dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) for the benign solid-type lesions. There is no agreement regarding COC classification.

Materials and methods

A total of 52 cases of COC were selected and reviewed from the archive of the Pathology Department of Taleghani Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran. To better understand the pathogenesis of COC, the cases were classified.

Results

There were 52 cases (31 males and 21 females). The lesion was found in all age groups, and patients’ age from 8 to 61 years. Nineteen cases affected the maxilla, and 33 cases affected the mandible. Except two cases, all were intraosseous lesions. Radiographically, 30 cases showed a unilocular radiolucent area, and 22 cases showed a mixed radiolucent/ radiopaque region. Histopathologically, 43 cases were cystic type and 9 cases were neoplastic.

Conclusion

There are two different histopathological entities. In view of these findings, it is very difficult to determine every lesion that has a cystic architecture is truly cystic or is a neoplastic one in nature. It is believed that the solid variants may be neoplastic.

Clinical significance

A better understanding of the histological type of the lesion can provide a classification across patients. This can help in treatment planning to improve patient outcomes.

How to cite this article

Irani S, Foroughi F. Histologic Variants of Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Study of 52 Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):688-694.
Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of Maxillary Anterior Dentition in Cases of Bimaxillary Protrusion: A Morphometric Analysis
Authors: Shankar T , Gowd Snigdha , Chatterjee Suravi , Mohanty Pritam , Sahoo Nivedita , Baratam Srinivas
Published: August 2017

Aim

To investigate the two clinical parameters, such as gingival zenith positions (GZPs) and gingival zenith levels (GZLs), of maxillary anterior dentition in bimaxillary protrusion cases and collate it with severiety of crown inclination.

Materials and methods

Gingival zenith position and GZL in 40 healthy patients (29 females and 11 males) with an average age of 21.5 years were assessed. Inclusion criteria involved absence of periodontal diseases, Angle's class I molar relationship, and upper anterior proclination within 25 to 45° based on Steiner's analysis; exclusion criteria included spacing, crowding, anterior restoration and teeth with incisor attrition or rotation.

The GZP was evaluated using digital calipers from voxelbased morphometry (VBM), and GZL was assessed from the tangent drawn from GZP of central incisor and canines to the linear vertical distance of GZP of lateral incisor.

Results

All the central incisors showed a GZP distal to VBM with a mean average of 1 mm. Severe proclination between 40 and 45° showed a statistically significant variation. Lateral incisors displayed a mean of 0.5 mm deviation of GZP from the vertically bisected midline. In 80% of canine population, GZP was centralized.

Conclusion

We conclude that the degree of proclination of maxillary anterior dentition was correlated to the gingival contour in bimaxillary cases. The investigation revealed that there is a variation in the location of GZP as the severity of proclination increases.

Clinical significance

This study highlights the importance of microesthetics in fixed orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour should be unaltered while retraction during management of bimaxillary protrusion.

How to cite this article

Gowd S, Shankar T, Chatterjee S, Mohanty P, Sahoo N, Baratam S. Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of Maxillary Anterior Dentition in Cases of Bimaxillary Protrusion: A Morphometric Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):700-704.
Pentraxin-3 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Canine Retraction with Nickel–Titanium Coil Spring and Active Tieback
Authors: Mangat Sukhpreet , Thukral Rakesh , Ganguly Anvesha , Bali Harleen , Grover Shekhar
Published: August 2017

Aim

Orthodontic treatment is routinely carried out in patients with the purpose of correcting various forms of dental malocclusions. Retraction of the canines can be achieved either individually or along with incisor. Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is regarded as the true independent indicator of disease activity. Hence, we undertook the present study to assess and compare the level of PTX-3 in patients undergoing canine retraction with active tieback and Nickel–Titanium (NiTi) coil spring.

Materials and methods

The present study included assessment of 25 patients that underwent canine retraction as a part of fixed orthodontic treatment. In the maxillary right and left quadrant, active tieback and NiTi coil spring were used respectively. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected 1 hour prior to the commencement of orthodontic canine retraction procedure followed by collection at following time intervals: 1 hour, 1, 7, and 14 days after the start of canine retraction procedure. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used for analysis of the samples as per manufacturer's instructions. All the data were recorded and compiled. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

Results

Nonsignificant difference was observed in the values of PTX-3 at baseline and 1 hour. While comparing the mean PTX-3 values between different time intervals in both the study groups, significant difference was observed.

Conclusion

In comparison to the active tieback, NiTi coil exhibited faster space closure rate.

Clinical significance

In patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, PTX-3 is associated with periodontal remodeling under the effect of orthodontic forces.

How to cite this article

Thukral R, Mangat S, Ganguly A, Agarkar SS, Bali H, Grover S. Pentraxin-3 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Canine Retraction with Nickel–Titanium Coil Spring and Active Tieback. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18(8):710-713.
Early Childhood Caries: A Review
Authors: Alazmah Abdulfatah
Published: August 2017

Aim

To review and update the current knowledge about early childhood caries (ECC) and its etiology, prevalence, risk factors, management, and preventive strategies.

Background

Early childhood caries is a disease affecting significantly both well-developed and industrial nations. The ECC can significantly affect the child's quality of life, as it may lead to infection, swelling, pain, and other symptoms. The ECC affects children after eruption of primary teeth until age of around 5 years.

Review results

The ECC affects all parts of the tooth including the smooth surface. Upper anterior teeth and primary molars are usually affected. The lower anterior teeth are less likely affected. The risk factors for ECC are diet, bacteria, and host susceptibility. The additional factors, such as presence of enamel defect and the feeding practices also contribute to the initiation and progress of ECC.

Conclusion

Dentists must focus on utilizing existing techniques to distinguish indications of right on time and propelled caries and give guidance on the best way to counteract and control caries in children. Approaches should be directed to preventive caries control strategies among children.

Clinical significance

Preventing and controlling the development of ECC among children is important to maintain effective eating, speech development, and formation of a positive self-image.

How to cite this article

Alazmah A. Early Childhood Caries: A Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):732-737.
Intravitreal Injections of Bevacizumab: The Impact of Needle Size in Intraocular Pressure and Pain
Authors: Loureiro Mónica , Matos Rita , Sepulveda Paula , Meira Dália
Published: August 2017

Aim

To compare the effect of 30-gauge vs 27-gauge needle size on intraocular pressure (IOP) rise and patients’ pain experience after intravitreal injection (IVI) of bevacizumab.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional, randomized, double-armed study. Patients were randomized to IVI with 30-gauge or 27-gauge needle. The IOP was measured pre and post IVI. Patients’ pain was graded using the visual analog scale (VAS).

Results

A total of 54 eyes were included. The IVI caused a significant IOP rise in both groups (p < 0.001). In the 30-gauge group, the mean pre- and postinjection IOP was 16.3 ± 3.6 mm Hg and 24.1 ± 9.0 mm Hg. The corresponding figures in the 27-gauge group were 18.0 ± 2.54 (p = 0.26) and 23.1 ± 7.5 mm Hg (p = 0.66). In the 30-gauge group, the mean VAS pain score was 3.2 ± 2.6 compared to 3.0 ± 2.5 in the 27-gauge group (p = 0.78).

Conclusion

The IVI caused a significant rise in IOP after the injection, independently of the needle size used. The 27-gauge needle coursed with lower postinjection IOP without prejudice of the patient comfort.

Clinical significance

The IVI with 27-gauge may be considered for glaucomatous eyes (higher risk eyes), for which IOP spikes are not recommended.

How to cite this article

Loureiro M, Matos R, Sepulveda P, Meira D. Intravitreal Injections of Bevacizumab: The Impact of Needle Size in Intraocular Pressure and Pain. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):38-41.
Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Mexico
Authors: Lazcano-Gomez Gabriel , Soohoo Jeffrey R , Lynch Anne , Bonell Levi N , Martinez Karina , Turati Mauricio , Gonzalez-Salinas Roberto , Jimenez-Roman Jesus , Kahook Malik Y
Published: August 2017

Aim

To describe the demographic characteristics, ocular comorbidities, and clinical outcomes of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and to determine the number of patients who returned for a follow-up eye examination.

Materials and methods

We examined the clinical data of patients with NVG, who attended a glaucoma clinic between July 2010 and November 2014. We collected information on the demographic characteristics of the patients to include the level of education, ocular comorbidities, NVG stage, visual acuity, glaucoma medications, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of patients who had a follow-up ocular examination at month 1, 3, 6, and 12.

Results

Data from 350 patients (473 eyes) with NVG were collected. We found 91% of the cohort had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). We found blindness in both or one eye in 14% and 31% of the cohort respectively. Low vision was found in both or one eye in 14% and 32% of the eyes respectively. By 6 months follow-up, only 32% of the patients were seen at our clinic and by 12 months follow-up, this number decreased to 15%. Around 60% of the patients were on no IOP lowering drugs at the first visit. We found 53% of the cohort had an incomplete elementary school education.

Conclusion

The results suggest that advanced NVG is a significant ocular problem for patients referred to our clinic with just over half of the patients presenting as blind. We also found that several socioeconomic factors that had an important role in the development of PDR and NVG, specifically, educational status.

Clinical significance

We described the characteristics of a large cohort of patients with very advanced NVG, reflecting the fact that the strict control of the underlying disease must be the main goal of the Mexican national health system.

How to cite this article

Lazcano-Gomez G, Soohoo JR, Lynch A, Bonell LN, Martinez K, Turati M, Gonzalez-Salinas R, Jimenez-Roman J, Kahook MY. Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Mexico. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):48-51.
Study on Outcome of Complex Lower Limb Problems treated by Ring External Fixator and Evolvement of Practices toward its Acceptability
Authors: Shrivastava Sandeep , Khan Sohael M , Rathi Romil , Mundada Gaurav , Singh Pradeep K , Taywade Shounak
Published: August 2017

Introduction

In the developing world, there is still lack of accessibility and availability of adequate health care. In rural population this further gets limited, due to meager immediate resource at disposition and lack of availability of transports to adequate set ups. This cross-sectional study is undertaken among our rural patients who had undergone this treatment to understand what difficulties they had faced during such treatments and their acceptability toward such treatment. This study was undertaken with the aim to find out the acceptability and adaptability among the rural population for Ilizarov ring fixators.

Materials and methods

The study consisted of 88 consecutive cases (91 lower limbs) of all age groups, who completed the treatment by Ilizarov methodology between July 2005 and July 2012. A retrospective analysis of the procedure was done through the medical records in terms of preoperative, intra­operative, and after the complete treatment. These were analyzed for limb lengthening in centimeters, correction of deformities, total wearing duration, and final outcome. Subsequently, these patients/parents were interviewed with a questionnaire to assess the self-accessibility (ease) toward self-care; self-distraction; self-adaptability–comfort during wearing time and the difficulties faced.

Results

Overall the functional outcome was excellent in 18, good in 50, fair in 8, and poor in 4. Out of 91 patients, 67 (73.6%) followed up and could be evaluated for adaptability toward Ilizarov fixator. Overall, 91.04% were satisfied with the treatment by Ilizarov fixator. In the remaining the main reason for not accepting the Ilizarov method was difficulty in commuting in the public transport, ugly and threatening looks of fixator with so many wires crossing the leg.

Conclusion

Ilizarov method is a very effective tool for manag­ing the complex lower limb problems, especially among the population with low resources. It will ensure delivery of a very low-cost solution offered to the needy patients, wherein otherwise due to multiplicity of problems, integral solution is difficult to achieve within their resources.

How to cite this article

Shrivastava S, Khan SM, Rathi R, Mundada G, Singh PK, Taywade S. Study on Outcome of Complex Lower Limb Problems treated by Ring External Fixator and Evolvement of Practices toward its Acceptability. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):35-40.
Cardiac Disease complicating Pregnancy: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Sarojamma C , Sneha P
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Cardiac disease in pregnancy is a major problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries. It often poses a difficult clinical scenario with the responsibility of the treating obstetrician also extending to the unborn fetus. In the present study, we aim to know the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease.

Materials and methods

All pregnant patients with cardiac disease who delivered at our institution during 2014 to 2016 were evaluated to look for the final pregnancy outcomes.

Results

Out of 36 study cases, 44.44% had no maternal complications, while 88.89% had good fetal/neonatal outcome. The commonest maternal cardiac complication was sustained tachyarrhythmia/bradycardia followed by pulmonary edema, while intrauterine growth restriction was encountered in fetal outcome.

Conclusion

Multidisciplinary team management of cardiac disease, led by an experienced obstetrician and cardiologist, reduces the adverse outcomes in pregnancies complicated by cardiac diseases.

How to cite this article

Sneha P, Sarojamma C, Nagarathnamma R. Cardiac Disease complicating Pregnancy: A Tertiary Care Center Experience. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):41-44.
Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Patil Mamatha B , Vidyashree J
Published: August 2017

Posterior circulation stroke syndrome has a lesser incidence compared with anterior circulation stroke with an incidence rate of 10 to 15%. Males are commonly affected than females. Patients most commonly present with symptoms of dizziness, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and dystaxia. The hallmark of posterior circulation stroke is crossed hemiplegia with cranial nerve involvement on the same side of the lesion and motor or sensory involvement on the opposite side. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with vertigo, nausea, vomiting, unsteady gait, and tendency to fall on either side.

How to cite this article

Vidyashree J, Patil MB. Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):59-61.
Top-down and bottom-up aerosol–cloud closure: towards understanding sources of uncertainty in deriving cloud shortwave radiative flux
Authors: Sanchez Kevin J. , Roberts Gregory C. , Calmer Radiance , Nicoll Keri , Hashimshoni Eyal , Rosenfeld Daniel , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Preissler Jana , Ceburnis Darius , O'Dowd Colin , Russell Lynn M.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Top-down and bottom-up aerosol–cloud shortwave radiative flux closures were conducted at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station in Galway, Ireland, in August 2015. This study is part of the BACCHUS (Impact of Biogenic versus Anthropogenic emissions on Clouds and Climate: towards a Holistic UnderStanding) European collaborative project, with the goal of understanding key processes affecting aerosol–cloud shortwave radiative flux closures to improve future climate predictions and develop sustainable policies for Europe. Instrument platforms include ground-based unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)1 and satellite measurements of aerosols, clouds and meteorological variables. The ground-based and airborne measurements of aerosol size distributions and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration were used to initiate a 1-D microphysical aerosol–cloud parcel model (ACPM). UAVs were equipped for a specific science mission, with an optical particle counter for aerosol distribution profiles, a cloud sensor to measure cloud extinction or a five-hole probe for 3-D wind vectors. UAV cloud measurements are rare and have only become possible in recent years through the miniaturization of instrumentation. These are the first UAV measurements at Mace Head. ACPM simulations are compared to in situ cloud extinction measurements from UAVs to quantify closure in terms of cloud shortwave radiative flux. Two out of seven cases exhibit sub-adiabatic vertical temperature profiles within the cloud, which suggests that entrainment processes affect cloud microphysical properties and lead to an overestimate of simulated cloud shortwave radiative flux. Including an entrainment parameterization and explicitly calculating the entrainment fraction in the ACPM simulations both improved cloud-top radiative closure. Entrainment reduced the difference between simulated and observation-derived cloud-top shortwave radiative flux (δRF) by between 25 and 60 W m−2. After accounting for entrainment, satellite-derived cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNCs) were within 30 % of simulated CDNC. In cases with a well-mixed boundary layer, δRF is no greater than 20 W m−2 after accounting for cloud-top entrainment and up to 50 W m−2 when entrainment is not taken into account. In cases with a decoupled boundary layer, cloud microphysical properties are inconsistent with ground-based aerosol measurements, as expected, and δRF is as high as 88 W m−2, even high (> 30 W m−2) after accounting for cloud-top entrainment. This work demonstrates the need to take in situ measurements of aerosol properties for cases where the boundary layer is decoupled as well as consider cloud-top entrainment to accurately model stratocumulus cloud radiative flux. 1The regulatory term for UAV is remotely piloted aircraft (RPA).
A complete parameterisation of the relative humidity and wavelength dependence of the refractive index of hygroscopic inorganic aerosol particles
Authors: Cotterell Michael I. , Willoughby Rose E. , Bzdek Bryan R. , Orr-Ewing Andrew J. , Reid Jonathan P.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Calculations of aerosol radiative forcing require knowledge of wavelength-dependent aerosol optical properties, such as single-scattering albedo. These aerosol optical properties can be calculated using Mie theory from knowledge of the key microphysical properties of particle size and refractive index, assuming that atmospheric particles are well-approximated to be spherical and homogeneous. We provide refractive index determinations for aqueous aerosol particles containing the key atmospherically relevant inorganic solutes of NaCl, NaNO3, (NH4)2SO4, NH4HSO4 and Na2SO4, reporting the refractive index variation with both wavelength (400–650 nm) and relative humidity (from 100 % to the efflorescence value of the salt). The accurate and precise retrieval of refractive index is performed using single-particle cavity ring-down spectroscopy. This approach involves probing a single aerosol particle confined in a Bessel laser beam optical trap through a combination of extinction measurements using cavity ring-down spectroscopy and elastic light-scattering measurements. Further, we assess the accuracy of these refractive index measurements, comparing our data with previously reported data sets from different measurement techniques but at a single wavelength. Finally, we provide a Cauchy dispersion model that parameterises refractive index measurements in terms of both wavelength and relative humidity. Our parameterisations should provide useful information to researchers requiring an accurate and comprehensive treatment of the wavelength and relative humidity dependence of refractive index for the inorganic component of atmospheric aerosol.
Biogenic, urban, and wildfire influences on the molecular composition
of dissolved organic compounds in cloud water
Authors: Cook Ryan D. , Lin Ying-Hsuan , Peng Zhuoyu , Boone Eric , Chu Rosalie K. , Dukett James E. , Gunsch Matthew J. , Zhang Wuliang , Tolic Nikola , Laskin Alexander , Pratt Kerri A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Organic aerosol formation and transformation occurs within aqueous aerosol and cloud droplets, yet little is known about the composition of high molecular weight organic compounds in cloud water. Cloud water samples collected at Whiteface Mountain, New York during August–September 2014 were analyzed by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the molecular composition of dissolved organic carbon, with focus on sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. Organic molecular composition was evaluated in the context of cloud water inorganic ion concentrations, pH, and total organic carbon concentrations to gain insights into the sources and aqueous phase processes of the observed high molecular weight organic compounds. The molecular composition of the cloud water depended on the influencing sources (biogenic, urban, wildfire) and showed evidence of aqueous-phase processes. Cloud water acidity was correlated with the average oxygen:carbon ratio of the organic constituents, suggesting the influence of aqueous acid-catalyzed oxidation processes. Organosulfate compounds, with both biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compound precursors, were detected for cloud water samples influenced by air masses that had traveled over forested and populated areas. Oxidation products of long-chain (C10-12) alkane precursors were detected during urban influence. Influence of Canadian wildfires resulted in increased numbers of identified sulfur-containing compounds and oligomeric species, including those formed through aqueous-phase reactions involving methylglyoxal. Light absorbing aqueous-phase products of syringol and guaiacol oxidation were observed in the wildfire-influenced samples, and dinitroaromatic compounds were observed in all cloud water samples (wildfire, biogenic/urban, and urban-influenced).
An ultra-low noise capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications in 0.35  µm CMOS
Authors: Utz Alexander , Walk Christian , Haas Norbert , Fedtschenko Tatjana , Stanitzki Alexander , Mokhtari Mir , Görtz Michael , Kraft Michael , Kokozinski Rainer
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this paper we present a readout circuit for capacitive micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes or pressure sensors. A flexible interface allows connection of a wide range of types of sensing elements. The ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) was designed with a focus on ultra-low noise operation and high analog measurement performance. Theoretical considerations on system noise are presented which lead to design requirements affecting the reachable overall measurement performance. Special emphasis is put on the design of the fully differential operational amplifiers, as these have the dominant influence on the achievable overall performance. The measured input referred noise is below 50 zF/Hz within a bandwidth of 10 Hz to 10 kHz. Four adjustable gain settings allow the adaption to measurement ranges from ±750 fF to ±3 pF. This ensures compatibility with a wide range of sensor applications. The full input signal bandwidth ranges from 0 Hz to more than 50 kHz. A high-precision accelerometer system was built from the described ASIC and a high-sensitivity, low-noise sensor MEMS. The design of the MEMS is outlined and the overall system performance, which yields a combined noise floor of 200 ng/Hz, is demonstrated. Finally, we show an application using the ASIC together with a CMOS integrated capacitive pressure sensor, which yields a measurement signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of more than 100 dB.
Change in Frozen Soils and Its Effect on Regional Hydrology in the Upper Heihe Basin, on the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Bing , Yang Dawen , Qin Yue , Wang Yuhan , Li Hongyi , Zhang Yanlin , zhang Tingjun
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Frozen ground has an important role in regional hydrological cycles and ecosystems, especially on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by high elevation and a dry climate. This study modified a distributed physically based hydrological model and applied it to simulate the long-term (from 1971 to 2013) change of frozen ground and its effect on hydrology in the upper Heihe basin located in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The model was validated carefully against data obtained from multiple ground-based observations. Based on the model simulations, we analyzed the changes of frozen soils and their effects on the hydrology. The results showed that the permafrost area shrank by 9.5 % (approximately 600 km2), especially in areas with elevation between 3500 m and 3900 m. The maximum frozen depth of seasonally frozen ground decreased at a rate of approximately 5.2 cm/10 yr, and the active layer depth over the permafrost increased by about 3.5 cm/10 yr. Runoff increased significantly during cold seasons (November–March) due to the increase in liquid soil moisture caused by rising soil temperature. Areas where permafrost changed into seasonally frozen ground at high elevation showed especially large changes in runoff. Annual runoff increased due to increased precipitation, the base flow increased due to permafrost degradation, and the actual evapotranspiration increased significantly due to increased precipitation and soil warming. The groundwater storage showed an increasing trend, which indicated that the groundwater recharge was enhanced due to the degradation of permafrost in the study area.
DESAFIOS À EDUCAÇÃO FRENTE AOS “NOVOS” DIREITOS HUMANOS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DA CATEGORIA DE GÊNERO JUNTO AOS MOVIMENTOS FEMINISTA E LGBT
Authors: Maciel Talita Santana , Silva Matheus Estevão Ferreira da , Brabo Tânia Suely Antonelli Marcelino
Published: August 2017

RESUMOO presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, a trajetória histórica do reconhecimento dos direitos humanos, especialmente no que diz respeito aos direitos da população LGBT e das mulheres, a partir do desenvolvimento da categoria social de gênero. Para tanto, discutiu-se a afirmação dos direitos das mulheres junto ao Movimento Feminista e o reconhecimento recente pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) dos direitos das pessoas LGBT como direitos humanos, sob reinvindicações dos movimentos organizados por tais grupos e sujeitos, assim como a partir das teorizações acadêmicas que os tinham como objeto de estudo. Devido a tais estudos acadêmicos, a categoria de gênero foi apropriada pelos movimentos feminista e LGBT para explicar e denunciar a situação de inferioridade e inúmeras discriminações a que esses grupos eram e são submetidos historicamente. A ideia de direitos humanos universais é uma construção recente, resultado de lutas e conquistas históricas. Observa-se, no entanto, que apesar dos avanços propiciados pelas diversas reivindicações de movimentos sociais ao longo do tempo, nem sempre os direitos conquistados se efetivaram para alguns grupos. Nessa conjuntura, este texto propõe, também, uma reflexão teórica acerca dos desafios que se apresentam à educação escolar enquanto importante meio de socialização e humanização.Palavras-chave: educação; direitos humanos; gênero; mulheres; população LGBT.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS EM GÊNERO E DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL: atos de resistência diante do avanço do conservadorismo do movimento “Escola Sem Partido”
Authors: Roseno Camila Dos Passos , Silva Janaina Guimarães da Fonseca
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar quais ações de defesa e promoção das políticas educacionais em gênero e diversidade sexual estão sendo construídas devido ao avanço do conservadorismo nas legislações educacionais do país. Deste modo, analisamos como a partir de 2014, a Igreja Católica, a Frente Parlamentar Evangélica e o Movimento “Escola Sem Partido” agiu para a exclusão das questões de gênero na aprovação dos Planos de Educação, tanto federal, quanto estaduais e municipais. Soma-se a esses fatos, a proposição de leis incentivadas pelo “Escola Sem Partido”, a fim de proibir o tratamento dessas questões, em detrimento de uma escolarização “sem doutrinação ideológica”. Assim, apontamos a inconstitucionalidade desses atos, através das atuações dos órgãos públicos federais e dos organismos internacionais.
Novelty Additional Layer Planning A. H. Nasution Road Norht Sumatera with Range with Hrodi Method
Authors: Lubis Marwan
Published: August 2017

Condition of damaged road on A.H.Nasution road to Padang Bulan Which appears: subtle fractures, wavy bits, and descending road surface. All of these are caused by resistance factors from road users that can have an adverse impact on the development of the surrounding area. This paper describes the planning of road surface thickness. Process this plan uses Hot Rolled Overlay Design for Indonesia(HRODI), where the method and outline of planning activities consist of: Data collection and data analysis. The results show that the thickness of the surface layer (ply adjacent) of the path obtained varying results, ranging from 3 cm, 7 cm to 9 cm are mixed HRS (Hot Rolled Sheet) and ATBL (Asphalt Treated Base Leveling).
Exploring the Mediated and Moderated Effects of Operator Service Quality on Customer Retention: Evidence from Taiwan’s Mobile Market
Authors: Chen Chun-Mei
Published: August 2017

Exploring the Mediated and Moderated Effects of Operator Service Quality on Customer Retention: Evidence from Taiwan’s Mobile Market
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Kabalski Przemysław
Published: August 2017

wprowadzenie
Rzetelny i jasny obraz w sprawozdaniach finansowych – badanie sondażowe w eksperymencie badawczym
Authors: Ignatowski Radosław
Published: August 2017

badanie sondażowe
Pionierzy i wybrane teorie istotne dla rozwoju rachunkowości behawioralnej
Authors: Korzeniowska Dominika
Published: August 2017

rachunkowośc
Zastosowanie zorientowanej procesowo ontologii w analizie zadłużenia przedsiębiorstwa
Authors: Nita Bartłomiej , Korczak Jerzy , Dudycz Helena , Oleksyk Piotr
Published: August 2017

ontologia
Dorobek 25 lat działalności Katedry Rachunkowości Menedżerskiej w świetle ewolucji nurtów badawczych w rachunkowości
Authors: Świderska Gertruda Krystyna , Raulinajtys-Grzybek Monika , Karwowski Mariusz , Krysik Małgorzata , Pielaszek Marcin , Warowny Paweł
Published: August 2017

Katedra Rachunkowości
Polityka rachunkowości w praktyce jednostek gospodarczych w kontekście jej oceny przez biegłych rewidentów
Authors: Świetla Katarzyna , Zieniuk Paweł
Published: August 2017

polityka rachunkowości
Kluczowe narzędzia raportowania korporacyjnego w praktyce polskiego rynku kapitałowego – analiza przypadku
Authors: Walińska Ewa , Gad Jacek
Published: August 2017

rynek kapitałowy
Balanço energético do capim elefante vs eucalipto
Authors: Mazzarella Vicente Nelson Giovanni , Seguchi Henrique Jun Muramatsu , Ferreira Paulo Henrique
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo entre duas biomassas, o eucalipto e o capim elefante (também conhecido como Miscanthus), avaliando o balanço energético de cada biomassa para atender a demanda energética de uma indústria cerâmica padrão. Além disso, foram analisadas duas formas de compactação para o capim elefante, o enfardamento e a briquetagem, e a briquetagem do eucalipto derivado de duas condições de plantio, o espaçamento e o adensado. Também foram comparadas duas formas de secagem, a solar e a induzida. Os dados empregados para o eucalipto na análise foram extraídos das bibliografias pertinentes e, para o capim elefante, de um plantio piloto em Panorama - SP, com análises em laboratórios do IPT - SP. Os resultados mostram a viabilidade, do ponto de vista energético, do capim elefante, com uma razão máxima de balanço de até 20,65. Já o eucalipto, fonte energética já consolidada no mercado, aparece com uma razão máxima de 11,35. Conclui-se que o capim elefante possui uma perspectiva otimista como fonte energética, se sobressaindo ao eucalipto.
La Cène
Authors: Bauer Olivier
Published: August 2017

Il est d’usage de qualifier le repas que Jésus prend avec ses disciples la veille de son arrestation de « dernier repas ». Or, il n’en est rien. Une lecture attentive des évangiles de Luc et de Jean montre que Jésus mange encore après sa mort : au moins du poisson, peut-être du pain et du miel. Un tel constat pourrait relever de l’anecdote et le travail qui y conduit d’un pur souci d’érudition. Sauf qu’ils ont des conséquences pratiques et des impacts contemporains. Car l’insistance sur une « dernière cène » où Jésus partage le pain et le vin a conduit l’Église chrétienne à survaloriser l’eucharistie comme seul repas liturgique, alors que le christianisme primitif semble avoir fait de tous les repas l’occasion de rencontrer le Ressuscité.
Le monachisme chrétien orthodoxe vu au prisme des relations Église-État
Authors: Giocas Athanase
Published: August 2017

Pour mettre en oeuvre un modèle ecclésiologique qui corresponde à l’enseignement de l’ancien Porphyre, la relation intime entre histoire et théologie doit être plus profondément appréciée. Dans cet esprit, l’article expose les grandes lignes d’une réflexion plus large sur le parcours historique du monachisme orthodoxe, se référant à la conception traditionnelle du développement du monachisme au ive siècle, ainsi qu’à certaines expressions plus contemporaines du monachisme. Dans tous les cas, le monachisme agit comme une sorte de contrepoids à la présence continue de forces sécularisantes qui agissent sur la réalité ecclésiale de l’Église et sa mission.
Dual control of pcdh8l/PCNS expression and function in Xenopus laevis neural crest cells by adam13/33 via the transcription factors tfap2α and arid3a
Authors: Khedgikar Vikram , Abbruzzese Genevieve , Mathavan Ketan , Szydlo Hannah , Cousin Helene , Alfandari Dominique
Published: August 2017

Adam13/33 is a cell surface metalloprotease critical for cranial neural crest (CNC) cell migration. It can cleave multiple substrates including itself, fibronectin, ephrinB, cadherin-11, pcdh8 and pcdh8l (this work). Cleavage of cadherin-11 produces an extracellular fragment that promotes CNC migration. In addition, the adam13 cytoplasmic domain is cleaved by gamma secretase, translocates into the nucleus and regulates multiple genes. Here, we show that adam13 interacts with the arid3a/dril1/Bright transcription factor. This interaction promotes a proteolytic cleavage of arid3a and its translocation to the nucleus where it regulates another transcription factor: tfap2α. Tfap2α in turn activates multiple genes including the protocadherin pcdh8l (PCNS). The proteolytic activity of adam13 is critical for the release of arid3a from the plasma membrane while the cytoplasmic domain appears critical for the cleavage of arid3a. In addition to this transcriptional control of pcdh8l, adam13 cleaves pcdh8l generating an extracellular fragment that also regulates cell migration.
Biostratigraphy and depositional history of the tepetate formation at Arroyo Colorado (Early-Middle Eocene), Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Carreño AL , Ledesma-Vázquez J , Guerrero-Arenas R
Published: August 2017

An integrated study of Foraminifera, Ostracoda and lithostratigraphy was conducted on samples of the Tepetate Formation from the Arroyo Colorado locality, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Based on the planktonic Foraminifera, Acarinina pentacamerata (latest lower Eocene) and Hantkenina nuttalli (earliest middle Eocene) zones were recognized that indicate an age range from 51.2 to 48.4 Ma. Benthic Foraminifera suggest correlation with the Penutian to Narizian California stages, which agrees with the planktonic foraminiferal biozones. The sedimentary structures and microfossils throughout the sequence indicate deposition within a transgressive-regressive-transgressive cycle, including environments from the inner to outer marine shelf in depths shallower than 150 m. Gravity flows dominate the sequence, and storm-deposited beds are present in the middle of the section. Considering the nature of this formational unit, we recommend the designation of a composite stratotype, according to the North American Stratigraphic Code.
Skull development of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus californianus)
Authors: Vázquez-Cuevas MJ , Aguayo-Lobo A , Medrano-González L
Published: August 2017

This work describes the skull development in males and females of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus californianus) examined in 87 specimens collected in the Gulf of California between 1982 and 1991. Forty-three measurements, nine qualitative characters and the number of upper-canine-tooth dentine layers, in addition to the natal layer, were recorded. Growth parameters were calculated with the von Bertalanffy equation and Cartesian distortions were used to schematize the skull development. To simplify the description of development, the skull was divided into the following parts: (1) braincase, (2) auditive apparatus, (3) masticatory apparatus and (4) nasal apparatus. Males with zero tooth dentine layers have skulls slightly smaller than those of females but they grow faster. Male skulls grow larger than those of females but the older males in the sample examined seem to have bone reduction. The most frontal ridge and sagittal crest are structures with evident asymmetry. Sexual dimorphism may be recognized in the skull proportions since birth. The female skulls grow fairly uniform I time, as well as in length and width. In the males, the skull grows more in length after birth and more in width thereafter. This heterogeneity is more marked in the masticatory apparatus. The capacity of bone remodeling in the different parts is not related to their degree of sexual dimorphism. The variation in the sample examined shows the need to study skulls developoment in relation to geographic and environmental variations, as well as in relation to the habits of the animals throughout their life.
Microaerophilic bacterial biomass measurements based on Adenosine Triphosphate and direct counting techniques in a semi-solid agar column
Authors: Ferrara-Guerrero MJ , Bianchi A
Published: August 2017

Microaerophilic-diazotrophic bacterial biomass was measured by Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) extraction and direct counting/biovolume techniques. Microaerophilic bacterial growth in a semi-solid agar column is visible in the form of sharp, well-defined growth rings at different depths within the column according to oxygen requirements. The microaerophilic zone is found between 3 and 15 mm below the agar surface, where the dissolved oxygen concentration varies from 4 to 172 µM. Biomass measurements calculated using a conventional conversion factor C/ATP of 250 were around ten times lower than those calculated according to the direct counting/biovolume technique. In the present study, we propose a conversion factor of 356 µg C/mL ATP that gives biomass measurements nearer to those obtained by direct counting. The highest bacterial metabolic activity was found between 5 and 10 mm depth (0.15 ± 0.029 µg ATP mL–1), coinciding with optimum oxygen concentration levels for microaerophilic growth (6.5 to 114 µM).
Population structure, gonadal maturity and feeding habits of Eugerres plumieri (Gerreidae) in the pom-atasta fluvial-deltaic system, Mexico
Authors: Aguirre-León A , Díaz-Ruiz S
Published: August 2017

Biological and ecological aspects of Eugerres plumieri were analyzed during an annual cycle from 1992 to 1993 in the fluvial-deltaic Pom-Atasta system associated with Términos Lagoon, Campeche (Mexico). It is a dominant species in the system, based on its numeric abundance, weight, high frequency and wide distribution. A total of 368 individuals were obtained, with a weight of 22,087 g and length ranging from 4.5 to 29.5 cm. The annual variation of the allometric coefficient b was from 2.727 to 3.3412. The condition factor varied from 0.393 to 1.0976. The population consists mainly of juvenile and adult individuals in gonadal stages I, II, III, IV, VI and VII, and more mature females than males were recorded after 17 cm. This species utilizes the system as a nursery, growth and feeding area. It has a varied trophic spectra and consumes at least 11 different groups. Its principal food items are ostracods, foraminifers, nematodes and tanaidaceans. It is a first order consumer. The Pom-Atasta system is located in a zone of intense fishing and oil activity, so it is important to advance in the knowledge of its fishing resources.
Quality of cysts and morphometry of the population of Artemia franciscana (kellogg, 1906) from the small lagoon at Yallahs, Jamaica
Authors: Castro BT , Castro MJ , Marín VRE , Young GR , Jenource D , Castro MG , Malpica SA , Lara AR
Published: August 2017

This study presents an analysis of the morphometric data of cysts, nauplii, and adult males and females belonging to the Artemia franciscana population from the small lagoon of Yallahs, Jamaica. The data are compared to those of Artemia found in San Francisco Bay, California, USA. The cysts of the Jamaican population have a hatching percentage of 94.75% and an efficiency of 213,000 nauplii/g. The size of the cyst is 283.5 ± 16.30 ∞m and of the nauplii, 427 ± 21.92 ∞m. These parameters are within the range established for A. franciscana. However, a few differences are observed in the morphometry of the adults. The males are larger both in abdomen and in the length of their antennae. The females have a slightly longer abdomen, although their total size is less than that recorded for the San Francisco Bay population. From the data gathered in this study it can be inferred that the population of this Jamaican anostracan belongs to the species A. franciscana.