bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on determination of bioactive potentials of certain lichens
Authors: Korkmaz A.I. , Akgul H. , Sevindik M. , Selamoglu Z.
Published: February 2018

Lichens are symbiotic associations that are formed by fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. The number of lichen species investigated pharmaceutically is still very low at present. The present study aims to determine the antioxidant activities, antibacterial activities, DNA protective activities, and oxidative stress status of Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D. Hawksw., Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale, and Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr. Lichens were extracted with ethanol in the Soxhlet device. The DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activities. DNA protective activity was determined using pBR322 supercoil DNA. Antibacterial activity was determined with dilution test on 5 different species of bacteria (Enterocossus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus). Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were defined with Rel Assay Diagnostics kits. It was observed that DPPH free radical scavenging activities in lichen ethanol extracts increased with increasing concentration. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in B. fuscescens and the lowest activity was determined in U. decussata. It was also determined that the ethanol extracts of all lichen samples had DNA-protective activity. The highest antibacterial activity was detected in B. fuscescens, while the lowest activity was detected in U. decussata. It was determined that B. fuscescens had the highest oxidative stress index and U. decussata had the lowest value. It appears that the ethanol extracts of the lichen samples utilized in the study could be used as an alternative and complementary resource in medical treatment.
Effect of somatic cell count on milk composition and mozzarella cheese quality
Authors: Hachana Y. , Znaidi A. , M’Hamdi N.
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) on mozzarella cheese quality. Three categories of raw milk were selected: low (SCC <115 000 cells/ml), medium (SCC=422 000 cells/ml), and high (SCC>987 000 cells/ml). Cheeses were produced on the same day of milk collection and were vacuum packed in plastic bags and analysed weekly for 60 days at cold storage (4 °C). As somatic cell count increases, casein content, casein as a percentage of true protein, lactose content, and titratable acidity decrease significantly in raw milk. No significant differences were observed in moisture, fat, and total protein contents among mozzarella cheese samples from the different SCC categories. However, cheese samples produced from high SCC milk had significantly higher pH (6.83) compared to samples produced with low and medium SCC milk, 5.58 and 5.46, respectively. The extension of proteolysis was not significant for cheese samples made from raw milk with low SCC during the first 30 days of cold storage. Proteolysis levels increased significantly on the 15th storage day for cheeses made with medium and high SCC, whereas significant increases were only observed on the 45th storage day for cheeses made with low SCC.
Measuring of food additives via polyethylene foils by NIR spectrophotometers using different optical arrangements
Authors: Slezsák J. , Szabó É. , Gergely S. , Salgó A.
Published: February 2018

Near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometers with different optical arrangements were used to measure the diffusely reflected electromagnetic radiation of different types of food additives in polyethylene (PE) foils. Eight compounds, frequently used in food process – but also in other industries –, were measured by different NIR spectrophotometers. The detected (‘as is’) and mathematically transformed (by scatter correction, second derivative combined with smoothing) NIR spectra were processed with multivariate data analysis (MDA). In this matter, unsupervised methods like principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used, which techniques do not require prior information and reference measurements. The aim of the present study was to distinguish food additives by the help of the applied chemometric methods based on NIR spectra detected via the PE foils. Results indicated that distinction of different food additives and compounds with NIR methods is possible not only with the conventional sample preparations and handlings, but also without breaking the packaging.
Physicochemical characteristics and proximate composition of wheat cultivars from the Canary Islands
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez L. , Afonso Morales D. , Rodríguez-Rodríguez E.M. , Díaz Romero C.
Published: February 2018

Proximate composition was determined in 19 wheat cultivars from the Canary Islands in order to establish differences between them and contribute to their characterization. All parameters analysed showed significant differences between cultivars; and also many parameters were affected by the species and subspecies of wheat. Triticum aestivum had higher mean moisture, protein, and fibre and lower mean starch, sucrose, and amylose concentrations than Triticum turgidum. Low starch content and high fibre content could be due to the transformation of starch into resistant starch during desiccation process. An important contribution of complex carbohydrates, including fibre as well as protein and phenolic compounds, was observed for the consumption of wheat.
Monitoring of genetically modified food on the Czech food market and a cross-country comparison
Authors: Kyrova V. , Ostry V. , Surmanova P. , Ruprich J.
Published: February 2018

The presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) was analysed in food samples from the Czech food markets. Four different types of food samples (soya beans, soya bean products, maize flour, and rice) were collected at twelve places in four terms in the years 2008–2013. It represents a total 1152 food samples. Soya and maize were chosen, because these are the major transgenic crops grown worldwide. Increased cultivation of GM rice in China, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines has been observed. Polymerase chain reaction-based methods were applied to detect GMOs. GMOs were detected in 107 samples (9.3%). The results show that in food from the Czech food market GMOs mainly in maize flour and rice were found. GM maize was detected in 63 (21.9%) maize flour samples. Maize lines MON810, NK603, and Bt176 were detected in 14 (22%), 9 (14%), and 1 (1.6%) maize flour samples, respectively. Unauthorised GM rice was detected in 39 (13.5%) rice samples. Unauthorised rice Bt63 was detected in one sample of rice. Roundup Ready soya was detected in 4 (1.4%) soya bean samples and in 1 (0.35%) soya product sample. These results were compared with results of the world´s studies.
Germination behaviour, physico-nutritional properties, and diastase activity of brown rice influenced by germination time and temperature
Authors: Singh A. , Sharma S. , Singh B.
Published: February 2018

Germinated brown rice received great attention as healthy ingredient and can be used as an alternative source in the malting and brewing industry. The germination capacity, physico-nutritional properties, sugars, and diastase enzyme activity of brown rice affected by germination times and temperature were determined and compared with control. Soaking in water increased the moisture content of brown rice. Germination rate of brown rice was also increased by higher germination time and temperature and reached maximum after 48 h of germination at 35 ºC. However, dry matter loss, grain weight, and density are affected to a lesser extent. Germination significantly (P<0.05) affects the crude protein, fat, fibre, and ash contents. Total carbohydrates content showed linear relationship with germination time and temperature. During germination, hydrolytic enzymes act on starch, reducing its concentration and resulting in higher total and reducing sugars amounts. Increase in germination time and temperature also increased diastase enzyme activity.
The links between healthy, problematic, and addicted Internet use regarding comorbidities and self-concept-related characteristics
Authors: Leménager Tagrid , Hoffmann Sabine , Dieter Julia , Reinhard Iris , Mann Karl , Kiefer Falk
Published: February 2018

Background

Addicted Internet users present with higher rates of comorbidities, e.g., attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depressive, and anxiety disorders. In addition, deficits in self-concept-related characteristics were found in addicted Internet gamers and social network users. The aim of this study was to examine the links between healthy, problematic, and addicted Internet use regarding comorbidities and self-concept-related characteristics. The association between recently developed ADHD-like symptoms without an underlying diagnosis and addictive Internet use was also examined.

Methods

n = 79 healthy controls, n = 35 problematic, and n = 93 addicted Internet users were assessed for comorbidities, social and emotional competencies, body image, self-esteem, and perceived stress. Apart from an ADHD-diagnosis, recently developed ADHD-like symptoms were also assessed.

Results

Addicted users showed more self-concept-related deficits and higher rates of comorbidities with ADHD, depressive, and anxiety disorders. Addicted and problematic users showed similarities in the prevalence of cluster B personality disorders and decreased levels of characteristics related to emotional intelligence. Participants with recently developed ADHD-like symptoms scored higher in lifetime and current severity of Internet use compared with those without ADHD symptoms. Addicted participants with recently developed ADHD symptoms showed higher lifetime Internet use severity compared with those without any symptoms.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that cluster B personality disorders and premorbid problems in emotional intelligence might present a link between problematic and addictive Internet use. Furthermore, the findings provide a first indication that addictive Internet use is related to ADHD-like symptoms. Symptoms of ADHD should therefore be assessed against the background of possible addicted Internet use.
Conserved and Divergent Molecular and Anatomic Features of Human and Mouse Nephron Patterning
Authors: Lindström Nils O. , Tran Tracy , Guo Jinjin , Rutledge Elisabeth , Parvez Riana K. , Thornton Matthew E. , Grubbs Brendan , McMahon Jill A. , McMahon Andrew P.
Published: February 2018

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, but the mechanism of nephron formation during human development is unclear. We conducted a detailed analysis of nephron development in humans and mice by immunolabeling, and we compared human and mouse nephron patterning to describe conserved and divergent features. We created protein localization maps that highlight the emerging patterns along the proximal–distal axis of the developing nephron and benchmark expectations for localization of functionally important transcription factors, which revealed unanticipated cellular diversity. Moreover, we identified a novel nephron subdomain marked by Wnt4 expression that we fate-mapped to the proximal mature nephron. Significant conservation was observed between human and mouse patterning. We also determined the time at which markers for mature nephron cell types first emerge—critical data for the renal organoid field. These findings have conceptual implications for the evolutionary processes driving the diversity of mammalian organ systems. Furthermore, these findings provide practical insights beyond those gained with mouse and rat models that will guide in vitro efforts to harness the developmental programs necessary to build human kidney structures.
Increase of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of rat blood plasma when using products of velvet antler industry
Authors: Blazhko A A , Shakhmatov I I , Zharikov A Yu , Kiselyov V I
Published: February 2018

Цель. Оценить реакции системы гемостаза у крыс при различной продолжительности приёма концентрата, содержащего кровь и гистолизат из репродуктивных органов марала, а также исключить возможное адаптивное действие на систему гемостаза добавок (глюкозы, аскорбиновой кислоты, фруктовой эссенции), входящих в состав используемого концентрата.

Методы. В работе использованы 50 половозрелых крыс-самцов линии Wistar. Три группы экспериментальных животных по 10 крыс принимали концентрат, содержащий кровь и гистолизат из репродуктивных органов марала, по 4,5 мл в сутки в течение 7, 14 и 30 дней. Показатели, полученные у экспериментальных животных, сравнивали с показателями интактных крыс и контрольной группы, принимавшей только добавки, входящие в состав используемого концентрата.

Результаты. На 7-й день приёма концентрата показатели системы гемостаза не отличались от показателей интактных крыс. По истечении 14 дней приёма концентрата отмечены снижение содержания фибриногена в крови и повышение антикоагулянтной активности плазмы крови. На 30-й день приёма концентрата, помимо ранее выявленных изменений в системе гемостаза, была установлена гипокоагуляция по внутреннему пути активации плазменного гемостаза, а также повышение фибринолитической активности плазмы крови. По завершении 30-дневного приёма добавок, входящих в состав исследуемого препарата, у контрольной группы животных показатели системы гемостаза не отличались от показателей интактных крыс.

Вывод. Повышение адаптированности системы гемостаза при приёме исследуемого концентрата заключается, вероятно, в повышении антикоагулянтной и фибринолитической активности плазмы крови у крыс, а также в снижении содержания фибриногена в крови; действующим компонентом, обеспечивающим адаптивные изменения в системе гемостаза, служит комплекс биологически активных веществ, содержащихся в крови и гистолизате из репродуктивных органов марала.
Prevention and management of inadvertent perioparatve hypothermia
Authors: Akhmetzyanov F Sh , Shaymardanov I V , Pasheyev A V , Sayetgarayev A K , Muftakhutdinova G Sh , Sadykov K K , Khasanov A F , Egorov V I
Published: February 2018

Центральная температура тела человека служит важнейшим показателем, мониторируемым в клинической практике анестезиологии и интенсивной терапии. Современные анестетики влияют на процессы регуляции центральной температуры и приводят к её снижению в периоперационном периоде. Непреднамеренная интраоперационная гипотермия сопровождает многие операции, проводимые под общей и регионарной анестезией. Она значительно увеличивает риск кардиальных и инфекционных послеоперационных осложнений, на её фоне возрастают послеоперационная кровопотеря и потребность в гемотрансфузии. Пациенты в условиях гипотермии медленнее просыпаются, их пробуждение чаще сопровождается мышечной дрожью. Периоперационная гипотермия приводит к увеличению сроков госпитализации и внутрибольничной летальности. В связи с этим предотвращение непреднамеренной периоперационной гипотермии - важная часть анестезиологического обеспечения больного во всех областях хирургии. Поддержание нормотермии во время операции служит важной составляющей всех программ ранней послеоперационной активизации больных.
Prognosis of medical and economic efficiency of a patient-oriented program implementation aimed at formation of adherenceto drug therapy among rural population
Authors: Kitaeva E A , Suetina T A , Kitaev M A , Bakirova E A , Salyakhova L Ya , Vafin A Yu
Published: February 2018

Цель. Создание и внедрение новых организационно-управленческих технологий оказания медицинской помощи, направленных на формирование приверженности к лекарственной терапии у пациентов из сельской местности, и расчёт медико-экономической эффективности внедрения данного проекта.

Методы. Объектом исследования было население Рыбно-Слободского района Республики Татарстан. Набор пациентов в группы проводили на базе поликлиники Рыбно-Слободской центральной районной больницы. Продолжительность исследования составляла 6 мес для каждой из двух групп с последующим наблюдением и оценкой приверженности к терапии в течение 2 мес.

Результаты. Ежегодно во всём мире мозговой инсульт поражает от 5,6 до 6,6 млн человек, из которых 35% умирают в остром периоде. В последнее время происходит серьёзное «омоложение» проявлений заболеваний сердечно-сосудистого характера. Главная причина таких показателей - низкая приверженность пациентов к лекарственной терапии. И непосредственно приверженность пациентов позволяет значительно снизить риск развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. В статье подняты вопросы низкой приверженности к лекарственной терапии, изложены методы её формирования у пациентов из сельской местности. Описаны примеры зарубежного и российского опыта повышения приверженности пациентов к лекарственной терапии, определены основные точки воздействия на пациентов. На основании проведённого анализа разработано и предложено внедрение пациентоориентированной программы, направленной на формирование приверженности к лекарственной терапии сельского населения. Также авторами проведена оценка медико-экономической эффективности внедрения пациентоориентированной программы, направленной на формирование приверженности к лекарственной терапии сельского населения (оценка затрат на лекарственные средства, госпитализацию, нетрудоспособность, связанные с основным заболеванием; оценка затрат на предупреждение развития осложнений и инвалидности).

Вывод. Эффективная организация профилактической работы имеет исключительное значение для предотвращения осложнений сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и оказывает непосредственное влияние на экономическое благополучие населения.
Health-preserving space in medical educational institutions
Authors: Gatiyatullina L L
Published: February 2018

Сегодня активно поднимают вопрос о здоровьесберегающих образовательных технологиях, программах и их внедрении в образовательный процесс высшей школы. Здоровьесберегающие технологии в образовательном процессе - комплекс методов, приёмов и условий, максимально способствующих сохранению и укреплению физического, духовного и нравственного здоровья субъектов образовательного процесса. Проведён анализ литературы, посвящённой проблеме реализации здоровьесберегающего пространства в медицинских образовательных организациях. Описаны пути её развития, обеспечивающие физическое, психоэмоциональное и социально-нравственное здоровье студентов. Раскрыто значение здоровьесберегающего пространства в формировании здорового поведения студентов. Результатом формирования здоровьесберегающего образовательного пространства становятся применение здоровьесберегающих образовательных технологий, привитие навыков в самостоятельном достижении студентами определённого уровня здоровья и образованности, физическая и физиологическая готовность, способность решать личностные и профессиональные проблемы. Значимость формирования здоровьесберегающего пространства и обучения здоровьесберегающим технологиям обусловлена спецификой будущей профессии студентов. Развитие данного направления является приоритетным в воспитательной и образовательной работе со студентами, оно будет способствовать полноценному профессиональному становлению будущего медика. При создании здоровьесберегающего пространства необходимо, чтобы здоровьесберегающие технологии были интегрированы в учебно-воспитательный процесс. Обзор литературных источников показал, что на современном этапе сформировалось новое представление о роли состояния здоровьесберегающего пространства в медицинских образовательных организациях и образа жизни студентов в сохранении здоровья. Представлены разные точки зрения на проблему формирования здоровьесберегающего поведения студентов.
What can Teachers do to Improve Reading Comprehension?: An Examination of Second Language Reading Research and Implications for English Language Teaching Practices
Authors: Hill Carrie
Published: February 2018

This paper looks at English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) reading research and the implications it has for teachers. In particular, research focusing on second language (L2) reading comprehension is reviewed, deficiencies noted, and teaching methods reviewed.
Religious Space and Place in Modern China
Authors: Harvey Elizabeth
Published: February 2018

This article looks at the intersection of modern Chinese and traditional Chinese sacred spaces through the analysis of two case studies: Yuyuan Garden and Tourist Area and Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area. The article lays out a brief history of religion in China, the effects of modernization and globalization in China, the creation of sacred space within China, and the role tourism has played in preserving sacred spaces. Furthermore, this article examines how both sites dealt with and continue to deal with the question of religion in China, and how each has been worked into the tourist industry of China, either through choice or design. By becoming a part of the tourist industry, these sites have gained renown and interest because of what they offer, and thus illustrate that the blending of the sacred with the secular can be positive, especially within the context of modern China.
Acknowledgements
Authors: Waye, PhD Laurie
Published: February 2018

Publishing a journal is the work of many people. The people listed below have been integral to the creation and production of The Arbutus Review.Teresa Dawson, Director of the Learning and Teaching Centre, who created the JournalInba Kehoe, Scholarly Communications and Copyright Officer of the Library, who shepherds the online portion of the JournalLaurie Waye, Managing Editor of the Journal and Manager of the Writing CentreMichael Lukas, Guest editor of the JournalShu-min Huang, Journal Designer and Coordinator of the Writing CentreAll submissions are reviewed blind by at least two readers. These readers are graduate students, researchers, staff, and alumni from the University of Victoria. We thank them for their valuable contributions to The Arbutus Review.Akina Umemoto                                Helen KennedyAnirban Kar                                      Ilijc AlbaneseBehn Skovgaard Andersen                 Jennifer SmithBethany Coulthard                            Jonathan SchmidBrendan Boyd                                   Judy WalshBrian Coleman                                  Julia Serena ReadyBrian Vatne                                      Leslie BraggCarrie Hill                                         Linnea Gay PerryChristina Suzanne                             Marion SelfridgeClarise Lim                                       Scott KouriConstance Sobsey                             Sheri GitelsonEmma Hughes                                   Stephanie FieldHeike LettariWe also thank the instructors who supported their students’ submissions. Their weaving together of research into the undergraduate experience has enriched their students’ education.Dr. Alexandra D’Arcy, Department of LinguisticsDr. Charlotte Schallié, Department of Germanic and Slavic StudiesDr. Daniella Constantinescu, Department of Mechanical EngineeringDr. Jillianne Code, Faculty of EducationDr. Kevin Walby, Department of SociologyDr. Laura Cowen, Department of Mathematics and StatisticsDr. Martin Adams, Department of Pacific and Asian StudiesDr. Rustom Bhiladvala, Department of Mechanical EngineeringDr. Valerie Irvine, Faculty of Education
Vichy France’s Collaboration with Nazi Germany
Authors: Kates Stephanie
Published: February 2018

During the Second World War in France, a fascist government known as the Vichy Government replaced the Third French Republic. In 1995, the French government publicly admitted that shortly after signing an armistice with Nazi Germany in 1940, the Vichy regime was responsible for implementing racist policies and contributing to the deaths of tens of thousands of people. The purpose of this paper is to begin exploring the extent to which the Vichy Government participated and collaborated in the killings, internment, and discrimination of many thousands of people during the Second World War. The following article focuses on three major aspects of the Vichy Government’s collaboration: anti-Semitic legislation, the internment camps in France, and the roundup at the Vélodrome D’Hiver. The case study of the Vélodrome D'Hiver alongside the other aspects of collaboration are illustrative examples that offer new insights suggesting that Vichy France's government operated as an emphatic collaborator with Nazi Germany rather than simply submitting to or passively assisting this adminstration. The article's thesis advances the notion that this emphatic collaboration was implemented mostly without direction or instruction from the authorities of the Nazi occupying forces.
The Barbizon School (1830-1870): Expanding the Landscape of the Modern Art Market
Authors: Fraser Lorinda Christine
Published: February 2018

During the 1830s to the 1870s, a cohort of French artists developed new approaches to landscape painting and became known collectively as the Barbizon School. This informal group of artists were proponents of an innovative way of painting in which nature was the central subject of their artworks. Moreover, nature was depicted without the classical idealization or polished refinement required by the French Academy at the time. Barbizon artists were also the catalysts for changes in how art was sold during the 19th century, paving the way for an open art market system that spread across the globe and continues unchanged to this day. Using Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796-1875) as a case study, I establish the ways in which the Barbizon School forged new stylistic and economic possibilities for later modern art movements, most prominently Impressionism, outside the purview of the French Academy. I also highlight the ways in which the Barbizon artists and their supporters contributed to the formation of a new art market founded upon an interconnected network of producers, consumers, and distributors.
Structural, Magnetic and Photocatalytic Properties of BiFeO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Masoudpanah Seyyed Morteza
Published: February 2018

Single phase BiFeO3 nanoparticles as a visible light photocatalyst were successfully synthesized by thermal decomposition of the glyoxylate precursor. The glyoxylate precursors were formed by the redox reaction between ethylene glycol and nitrate ions. The phase evolution, structure and optical properties of BiFeO3 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy methods. The BiFeO3 nanoparticles showed the quasi spherical shape. The BiFeO3 nanoparticles synthesized at 500 °C showed the weak ferromagnetism behavior, due to the size confinement effect, in spite of the antiferromagnetic behavior of the BiFeO3 nanoparticles synthesized at 600 °C. The BiFeO3 nanoparticles exhibited strong absorption in the visible region with the optical band gap calculated from Tauc’s plot. The optical band gap decreased from 2.10 to 2.08 eV by the increasing of thermal decomposition temperature. Moreover, the BiFeO3 nanoparticles were used for the degradation of methylene blue as a typical dye pollutant under direct sunlight irradiation.
Diverse Nano Dimension of SDS, PEG and CTAB Roofed MgO Nano Powder Synthesized by Co-precipitation Method
Authors: Varadharajan Rajendran
Published: February 2018

The SDS, PEG and CTAB roofed MgO nano powders were synthesized by co-precipitation method.  The sintered nano powders was shown Fm-3m space group with cubic phase obtained by the XRD pattern. The lattice strain was calculated to be used Williamson-Hall equations (W-H). The formation of Mg-O bond and hydroxyl radicals on the surface were confirmed by the FTIR analyses. The TEM revealed that the morphology of sintered nano powders has three different dimensions (0D, 1D, 2D) with average crystallites size was about ̴ 20-80 nm and length usually 200-500 nm. The UV-DRS spectra show that the ionic surfactants roofed MgO leads to band gap shrinkage. The evaluated optical band gap energy is Eg= 4.10eV, 3.41eV and 3.12eV for SDS, PEG and CTAB-MgO nano powder respectively.  Also extending light absorption towards the visible region due to decrease in crystallite size of surfactants roofed MgO nano powders utilizing for photocatalytic purpose and opto electronic devices.
Analysis of Compliance Services in Banks of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Current Situation
Authors: Zhampeiis N. B.
Published: February 2018

The article highlights and describes the specifics of compliance in regulated banks of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Comparison of economic indicators, regulatory documentation, violations and sanctions for internal control, as well as a survey of the studied banks were conducted. Particular attention is paid to problematic issues in compliance control activities and recommendations for improving the AML/CFT system. Keywords: banks, Republic of Kazakhstan, AML/CFT system, compliance service
Analysis of the Dynamics of Offshore Procedures
Authors: A.N. Norkina , N.V. Morozov , T. O. Lukyanova
Published: February 2018

Today offshore operations play a crucial role in building the economy of the country. During the lifetime of the offshore operations the offshore schemes, the geography of the jurisdictions themselves and legislation have changed. The relevance of this article is that it discusses both the positive and negative sides of offshore. Keywords: Offshore, offshore jurisdictions, capital investment, tax resident.
Creating a Prototype of the Information-Analytical System of Rating Countries in the Field of AML/CFT for Compliance with 40 FATF Recommendations
Authors: V. I. Davydenko , M. I. Burmistrov , M.V. Kulakova
Published: February 2018

The article provides an example of implementing the cluster analysis algorithm for an information and analytical system in order to identify various patterns in the participating countries, basing on the process of assessing the effectiveness and technical compliance of the FATF member countries and FATF-style regional groups.Keywords: FATF, information and analytical system, FATF recommendations, efficiency evaluation, technical conformity assessment, cluster analysis, data mining.
Early Detection Modelling of Credit Institution License Withdrawal
Authors: Barysheva A.V. , Domashova D.V. , Pisarchik Е.Е.
Published: February 2018

The paper considers credit organizations as the pivotal elements of the state's economic and financial system. Credit institutions license withdrawal probability is estimated on the basis of binary choice models. A methodology for processing and analyzing credit institutions data based on regression analysis and multi-criteria optimization methods has been developed and used to identify bank groups potentially threatening the stability of the Russian banking system and the integrity of anti-money laundering and terrorist financing system (AML/CFT). Keywords: credit institution license withdrawal, binary choice model, anti-money laundering and terrorist financing.
Electronic Payment Systems and Blockchain as a Constituent Part
Authors: E.E. Lukina , M.V. Dolgachev
Published: February 2018

The proposed review article provides information on modern electronic payment systems, especially focusing on how the mechanism of bitcoin works, blockchain technology, also describes the scope of blockchain's application.
ICO as Economic Security Threat. Possible Risks Analysis. Experience of Foreign States
Authors: A.V. Vorobyev
Published: February 2018

In this paper the definition of ICO as a type of economic activity is given, its advantages and disadvantages, the risks associated with this activity are considered. The experience of foreign countries on this issue is studied. Keywords: ICO, initial coin offering, money laundering, counteraction to money laundering, blockchain.
Improvement of Customers Identification Based on Logistic Remote Analysis Methodology
Authors: A. E. Barykin , P. A. Smyslov
Published: February 2018

The article provides a methodical approach to diagnostic operations with funds to identify quality risks and minimize the subjectivity of the decision of internal control activities. Methodology of remote identification of individuals for example insurance companies. Keywords: cash operations, internal control systems, countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds received by criminal way and terrorism financing, risk-oriented approach, identifying
Issue of Money Laundering Risks Identification in the Activity of the Organizations and Individual Entrepreneurs Engaged in the Mining, Production, Use and Circulation of Precious Metals and Precious Stones
Authors: Vorobeva A.S. , Zhdanovich V.V. , Kosova E.A. , Leonov P.Y.
Published: February 2018

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.Identification of money laundering risks in the sector of precious metals and precious stones is an important element in building an effective risk-based approach of money laundering risk assessment in the country. The article describes a mechanism of information exchange used in risk assessment of the organizations and individual entrepreneurs engaged in the mining, production, use and circulation of precious metals and precious stones. The mechanism is based on modern digital technologies such as a user’s cabinet on the Federal financial monitoring service website. The risk-score is obtained as a result of the analysis of the information contained in the database of Rosfinmonitoring, as well as monitoring and oversight activities conducted by Federal state institution «The risk-score shall be provided to all subjects of the sector allowing them to quickly resolve the shortcomings in their activities. Keywords: money laundering risk, sector of precious metals and precious stones, big data, information exchange, risk assessment, internal control.
Methods and Mechanisms of a Subsystem Formation of Financial Monitoring of Suspicious Operations in Commercial Bank
Authors: V.D. Kolychev , D.V. Solovov
Published: February 2018

In this paper the peculiarities of the contour formation of the suspicious operations proceeding in commercials bank using AML/CFT (Anti-Money Laundering/Counter-Financing of Terrorism) issues accepted in present time in practical sphere of commercial organizations are presented. The structure of the AML/CFT section in commercial bank is presented which is structuring on the basis of the business-applications infrastructure using special automated bank software. The attention is paid to perspective blockchain technology which is taking wider application during implementation and exploitation of IT-projects related to electronical banks’ services. Keywords: Blockchain, financial monitoring, business-application, front-office, commercial bank, register of remote data, transaction
Methods of Combating the Legalization of Proceeds from Crime through Non-State Pension Funds
Authors: Tikhon V.I.
Published: February 2018

The crisis in the field of social security of the population occurred in the process of transformation of economic relations, and, first of all, in the pension system. A reform of the pension system has been implementing for a sufficient period of time, in order to overcome the negative phenomena. Non-state pension funds (further NPFs) have been severely criticized by the Ministry of Health and Social Development to address the mandatory pension insurance system. Private organizations ineffectively manage the pension savings of citizens, and there is also a place for - the legalization of criminal proceeds, the ministry believes, which can be confirmed by the data published by the Bank of Russia on the revocation of licenses from a number of NPFs[1].The legalization of criminal proceeds is by itself a very negative phenomenon, which adversely affects the individual organization, the economy as a whole and social life, exerting a detrimental effect on the economic and national security of society and the state. Operations, to some extent related to the legalization of criminal proceeds, significantly increase the risk of loss of reputation for non-state pension funds. As a result, these monetary resources fall into the global financial system, and acquire the ability to undermine the national currency and the economies of individual countries, thus creating a threat to both national and international security. Keywords: Legalization of criminal proceeds, private pension funds, risk-oriented approach, internal control.
Money Laundering in the Area of the State Defense Order
Authors: E. Kravchenko
Published: February 2018

The choice of the topic is based on the urgency of the problem, since the second position in the structure of the budget expenditures of the Russian Federation in 2016 is occupied by the item "National Defense" 3 091.0 billion rubles (19.2%). Responsible monitoring of compliance with the law in the implementation of state defense orders is really a significant issue. This article describes the basic principles of the operation of all the processes connected with the movement and control of money in relation to SDO. Also schemes of illegal money laundering and withdrawal of funds within the limits of current legislation are presented. Changing of some restrictions in the framework of the federal law, dated 29.12.2012 N 275-FZ "On State Defense Order" is proposed basing on the analysis of these schemes.
Optimization of Taxes as a Factor of Money Laundering
Authors: P.Y. Leonov , O. A. Epifanova
Published: February 2018

The optimization of the tax base remains a serious challenge for any business entity. At the same time, the challenge to keep economic activities in the legal field remains no less urgent. This paper deals with the issues of optimizing profit tax. Such methods of the tax optimization as the creation of various reserves, depreciation savings, leasing operations are analyzed. Special attention is paid to such negative phenomena as predicate offences. Their features are described, as well as the possible consequences of their commitment.
Practical Training of Students on the Extraction and Analysis of Big Data
Authors: I.V. Prokhorov , O.T. Kochetkov , A.A. Filatov
Published: February 2018

The article deals with questions of studies, development and practical use in teaching complex laboratory work on extracting and analyzing big data to train specialists in the specialty 10.05.04 "Information and Analytical Security Systems", direction of training "Information sSecurity of Financial and Economic Structures" in the framework of the educational discipline "Distributed Automated Information Systems". Keywords: big data, data scientist, extraction, processing and analysis of big data, information security of financial and economic structures, the Internet, Yandex, Google, application programming interface –API.
Regulatory Technologies in the AML/CFT
Authors: O. A. Zabelina , A. A. Vasiliev , S. V. Galushkin
Published: February 2018

Currently, the AML / CFT sphere is actively developing and many highly skilled specialists are involved in it. However, there are many crimes in this area: criminals use more and more complicated ways of legalizing criminal proceeds, which are almost impossible for anticipation and prevention at the exact period. In the fight against ML/FT regulatory technologies come to the rescue.Regulatory technologies are a necessary part of effective AML / CFT systems. The article includes a brief overview and history of the emergence of "regulating technologies", reflects the main directions of development of the regtech on the world market of information technologies at present and possible prospects for development in the nearest future. In addition, the article reveals the benefits of applying regulatory technologies in order to improve control, security, cost reduction and time to eliminate vulnerabilities in existing AML / CFT systems.The article describes how the development of regtech innovations can improve the accessibility and quality of financial services for individuals, companies and communities and achieve the FATF goals of combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other threats to the integrity of the international financial system. Keywords: AML / CFT, FATF, AML / CFT systems, legalization, RegTech technologies.
Specifics of Compliance-Functions Application in the Sphere of AML/CFT
Authors: D.A. Komissarova , E.R. Myasishcheva , V.V. Potekhina , N. A. Kabanova , D.A. Komissarova
Published: February 2018

In the article, the authors consider issues of AML/CFT implementation in a world and Russian practice as a global threat to the national security of states and the world community as a whole. Despite the existence of regulated AML/CFT systems in foreign countries, the events of recent years have shown the necessity for their modernization in accordance with the conditions of global realities. At the same time, domestic experience is reflected in the insolvency of AML/CFT requirements.One of AML/CFT tools is the implementation of compliance functions in the activities of organizations. The authors carried out a complex analysis of the compliance phenomenon in Russian reality, identified and analyzed the main problems of introducing the function studied. Keywords: AML/CFT, compliance function, compliance officer, regulator, credit and non-credit financial organizations, compliance risk.
Technological Support of Real-Time Interaction in Web Clients of Analytical Fraud Detection Systems
Authors: V.Y. Radygin , Yu Kupriyanov D.
Published: February 2018

The optimal tools selection for design of web-based visual mining client for real time fraud detection systems was discussed. The features of modern real time fraud detection software were analyzed. The necessity of transition to using of web-based technologies for client software design was shown. The market of web-frameworks and browser to web-server data exchange technologies were investigated. Basing on experimental research the most efficient toolset for design of web-client software for real time fraud detection systems was offered. Keywords: fraud detection, Visual Mining, real time data exchange, web-visualization, webSockets, MessageBus.
The Development of Risk-Management Techniques in Order to Improve the Quality Control- Supervisory Activities
Authors: V.I. Avdiyskiy , V.M. Bezdenezhnykh
Published: February 2018

Quality control-supervising activity based on a risk-based approach (RBA), especially the Executive branch of Government, is now urgently pressing challenge, requiring further scientific and methodological developments. The concept and essence of the terms "risk" and "risk-based approach" are considered in the article, a semantic relationship of the concepts danger-threat-risk are proposed, alongside with risk management methods taking into account theorem about the ratio of the levels of risk and uncertainty in the organization. Keywords: risk-based approach, supervisory activities, the risk, the threat, the danger in organizations
Transforming the Regulation of Russian Financial Institutions: a Response to Modern Challenges of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing
Authors: E.N. Alifanova , Y.S. Evlakhova
Published: February 2018

The paper reveals the approach to the regulation of Russian financial institutions, which is aimed at identifying their vulnerabilities to risks and building risk profiles for a set of interrelated risks. In the framework of this approach, the authors outline the concept of the relationship between the vulnerabilities of financial institutions and households to the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing, as well as a methodology for identifying the vulnerabilities of systemically important banks to these risks. As a result of the application of this methodology, three types of risk profiles of Russian banks were identified, their visualization was presented, and the corresponding vulnerability zones were specified. The authors formulated proposals for the mega-regulator of the Russian financial market and for systemically important Russian banks based on the regulation of financial institutions aimed at reducing their vulnerability to risks. Keywords: vulnerabilities of financial institutions, money laundering and terrorist financing risks, risk profiles.
What are the Technical Means the State Prepare for the Regulation of the Cryptocurrencies?
Authors: V.I. Glotov , D.M. Mihailov
Published: February 2018

The technology of BlockChain and cryptocurrency is an actual topic for humanity today. There are different policies regulating cryptocurrencies, but they are still far from perfect. The difficulty of technical regulation of these systems is beyond doubt, many countries are only at the stage of discussing the status of the currencies, some are extremely supportive of them. However, it is undeniable that more and more countries will introduce regulations in the field of cryptocurrencies, focusing, firstly, on the structure of their own economy. Keywords: BlockChain, cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, mining.
Synchronous and antecedent malignancies in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: ÇELİK Mehmet , YILMAZ BÜLBÜL Buket , AYTÜRK Semra , KÜÇÜKARDA Ahmet , TAŞTEKİN Ebru , CAN Nuray , ÜSTÜN Funda , SEZER Yavuz Atakan , GÜLDİKEN Sibel
Published: February 2018

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate
concurrently detected second primary malignancy in the patients who underwent
surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods.
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the files of the patients who
underwent surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma between 2000-2017. A total number of 601 patients with papillary
thyroid carcinoma were evaluated. Among these patients, 48 patients were
found to have secondary primary tumors. Preoperative and postoperative
laboratory examination findings of the patients were retrospectively recorded. Results. Among 601 patients with
papillary thyroid cancer evaluated with respect to radiation exposure, the
second primary tumor with breast cancer was found to be the most common tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and stomach cancer were found to be
more frequent when evaluated regardless of radiation effect. Furthermore, when
molecular genetic results were evaluated, BRAF mutation rate was found to be
more frequent than in other secondary tumors, especially in patients with renal
cell carcinoma. Conclusions.
The importance of epidemiological and experimental studies of multiple cancers
is obvious. Although it is known that the impact of radiation is considerable
among the ones with concurrence of breast cancer and papillary thyroid
carcinoma, we suggest that further studies on common molecular genetic
characteristics and development of targeted treatment for detected molecules
are required in the patients with renal cell carcinoma in whom papillary
thyroid carcinoma is diagnosed regardless of radiation effect.
Death and idols in the Wisdom of Solomon
Authors: Dodson Joseph R.
Published: February 2018

This note considers the implications of the textual variant ‘θάνατος’ in Wisd. 14:13–14. Whether ‘death’ serves as the explicit subject of v. 14 or as a given idea associated with ‘idols’, it makes the parallels between 14:10–14 and chs 1–2 even more conspicuous and thereby underlines a pattern of thinking about creation and corruption that continues throughout Wisdom. Whereas in chs 1–2
death
entered by the hands of humanity and through the
envy
of the devil, in 14:10–14
death
entered by handmade idols and through the
conceit
of evil people. The inclusion of the textual variant shows not only solidarity of thought but also clarity and expansion.