bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Likely and High-End Impacts of Regional Sea-Level Rise on the Shoreline Change of European Sandy Coasts Under a High Greenhouse Gas Emissions Scenario
Authors: Thiéblemont Rémi , Le Cozannet Gonéri , Toimil Alexandra , Meyssignac Benoit , Losada Iñigo J.
Published: December 2019

Sea-level rise (SLR) is a major concern for coastal hazards such as flooding and erosion in the decades to come. Lately, the value of high-end sea-level scenarios (HESs) to inform stakeholders with low-uncertainty tolerance has been increasingly recognized. Here, we provide high-end projections of SLR-induced sandy shoreline retreats for Europe by the end of the 21st century based on the conservative Bruun rule. Our HESs rely on the upper bound of the RCP8.5 scenario “likely-range” and on high-end estimates of the different components of sea-level projections provided in recent literature. For both HESs, SLR is projected to be higher than 1 m by 2100 for most European coasts. For the strongest HES, the maximum coastal sea-level change of 1.9 m is projected in the North Sea and Mediterranean areas. This translates into a median pan-European coastline retreat of 140 m for the moderate HES and into more than 200 m for the strongest HES. The magnitude and regional distribution of SLR-induced shoreline change projections, however, utterly depend on the local nearshore slope characteristics and the regional distribution of sea-level changes. For some countries, especially in Northern Europe, the impacts of high-end sea-level scenarios are disproportionally high compared to those of likely scenarios.
Spatial Variation Pattern Analysis of Hydrologic Processes and Water Quality in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Chen Xiaomin , Xu Gaohong , Zhang Wanshun , Peng Hong , Xia Han , Zhang Xiao , Ke Qian , Wan Jing
Published: December 2019

The Three Gorges Project (TGP) has greatly enhanced the heterogeneity of the underlying surface in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA), thereby affecting the hydrologic processes and water quality. However, the influence of the differences of underlying surfaces on the hydrologic processes and water quality in the TGRA has not been studied thoroughly. In this research, the influence of the heterogeneity of landscape pattern and geographical characteristics on the spatial distribution difference of hydrologic processes and water quality in the different tributary basins of the TGRA was identified. The TGRA was divided into 23 tributary basins with 1840 sub-basins. The spatial differentiation of the hydrologic processes and water quality of the 23 tributary basins was examined by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The observed data between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2013 were used to calibrate and validate the model, after which the SWAT model was applied to further predict the runoff and water quality in the TGRA. There are 25 main model parameters, including CN2, CH_K2 and SOL_AWC, which were calibrated and validated with SWAT-Calibration and Uncertainty Procedures (SWAT-CUP). The landscape patterns and geomorphologic characteristics in 23 tributary basins were investigated and spatially visualized to correlate with surface runoff and nutrient losses. Due to geographical difference, the average total runoff depth (2010–2013) in the left bank area (538.6 mm) was 1.4 times higher than that in the right bank area (384.5 mm), total nitrogen (TN) loads in the left bank area (6.23 kg/ha) were 1.9 times higher than in the right bank area (3.27 kg/ha), and total phosphorus (TP) loads in the left bank area (1.27 kg/ha) were 2.2 times higher than in the right bank area (0.58 kg/ha). The total runoff depth decreased from the head region (553.3 mm) to the tail region (383.2 mm), while the loads of TN and TP were the highest in the middle region (5.51 kg/ha for TN, 1.15 kg/ha for TP), followed by the tail region (5.15 kg/ha for TN, 1.12 kg/ha for TP) and head region (3.92 kg/ha for TN, 0.56 kg/ha for TP). Owing to the different spatial distributions of land use, soil and geographical features in the TGRA, correlations between elevation, slope gradient, slope length and total runoff depth, TN and TP, were not clear and no consistency was observed in each tributary basin. Therefore, the management and control schemes of the water security of the TGRA should be adapted to local conditions.
Landslide Susceptibility Based on Extreme Rainfall-Induced Landslide Inventories and the Following Landslide Evolution
Authors: Wu Chunhung
Published: December 2019

Landslide susceptibility assessment is crucial for mitigating and preventing landslide disasters. Most landslide susceptibility studies have focused on creating landslide susceptibility models for specific rainfall or earthquake events, but landslide susceptibility in the years after specific events are also valuable for further discussion, especially after extreme rainfall events. This research provides a new method to draw an annual landslide susceptibility map in the 5 years after Typhoon Morakot (2009) in the Chishan River watershed in Taiwan. This research establishes four landslide susceptibility models by using four methods and 12 landslide-related factors and selects the model with the optimum performance. This research analyzes landslide evolution in the 5 years after Typhoon Morakot and estimates the average landslide area different ratio (LAD) in upstream, midstream, and downstream of the Chishan River watershed. We combine landslide susceptibility with the model with the highest performance and average annual LAD to draw an annual landslide susceptibility map, and its mean correct ratio ranges from 62.5% to 73.8%.
The Impact of Vegetation Successional Status on Slope Runoff Erosion in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Chang Enhao , Li Peng , Li Zhanbin , Su Yuanyi , Zhang Yi , Zhang Jianwen , Liu Zhan , Li Zhineng
Published: December 2019

Slope vegetation restoration is known to influence erosion in the Loess Plateau region in China. The ability of vegetation to mitigate soil erosion under extreme runoff, however, has not been studied in great detail in this region. Here, we examine five typical vegetation communities in the Loess Plateau region that originated from restoration efforts enacted at different times (1, 11, 15, 25, and 40 years). Water scouring experiments were carried out to monitor vegetation community succession and its effects on erosion. These results indicate that the sum of plant importance values increased from 260.72 to 283.06, species density increased from 2.5 to 4.5 per m2, and the amount of litter and humus increased from 24.50 to 605.00 g/m2 during the 1 to 40 years of vegetation community succession. Root biomass and root diameter reached a maximum of approximately 10.80 mg·cm−3 and 0.65 mm at 40 years of recovery. Slope runoff velocity decreased by 47.89% while runoff resistance increased by 35.30 times. The runoff power decreased by 19.75%, the total runoff volume decreased by 2.52 times, and the total sediment yield decreased by 11.60 times in the vegetation community. Slope runoff velocity and power had the largest correlation with aboveground vegetation (0.76, 0.74), total runoff had the largest correlation with underground roots (0.74), and runoff resistance was most strongly correlated with soil structure (0.71). Studies have shown that the succession of vegetation communities can enhance the aboveground ecological functions of plants, thereby significantly reducing the runoff velocity and power. The development of plant root system significantly reduces the runoff volume; the improved soil structure significantly increased the runoff resistance coefficient.
Potential Health Risks Linked to Emerging Contaminants in Major Rivers and Treated Waters
Authors: Kessler James , Dawley Diane , Crow Daniel , Garmany Ramin , Georgel Philippe
Published: December 2019

The presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in our local waterways is becoming an increasing threat to the surrounding population. These compounds and their degradation products (found in pesticides, herbicides, and plastic waste) are known to interfere with a range of biological functions from reproduction to differentiation. To better understand these effects, we used an in silico ontological pathway analysis to identify the genes affected by the most commonly detected EDCs in large river water supplies, which we grouped together based on four common functions: Organismal injuries, cell death, cancer, and behavior. In addition to EDCs, we included the opioid buprenorphine in our study, as this similar ecological threat has become increasingly detected in river water supplies. Through the identification of the pleiotropic biological effects associated with both the acute and chronic exposure to EDCs and opioids in local water supplies, our results highlight a serious health threat worthy of additional investigations with a potential emphasis on the effects linked to increased DNA damage.
Infiltration Response of Adsorbent Amended Filters for Stormwater Management under Freezing/Thawing Conditions
Authors: Monrabal-Martinez Carlos , Scibilia Elena , Maus Sønke , Muthanna Tone M.
Published: December 2019

Coastal cold climates experience frequent intermittent melting and freezing periods over the cold period. This intermittent freezing in stormwater systems affects the infiltration capacity and hence the performance. This paper investigates the infiltration capacity of engineered filter media (composed of sand mixed with charcoal, pine bark, or olivine) under freezing temperatures in a column-based laboratory setup. Infiltration into partially frozen filter media was replicated using a climate room. The filter media in the columns were brought to −2.5 °C, and water at +2 °C was percolated through the columns with a constant head of 5 cm. Infiltration performance was assessed by observing the time until breakthrough, and the infiltration rate 24 h after breakthrough. The results were compared to the observed hydraulic conductivity for the unfrozen filter media. A novel approach combining the unfrozen water content curves with X-ray tomographic (XRT) images of the materials was adopted to better understand the thermal and infiltration processes. Breakthrough was observed between ca. 21 and 56 h in all columns. The column with homogeneously mixed filter media with sand yielded the quickest breakthrough. The infiltration rates were higher than recommendations for infiltration-based systems in cold climates, making them a suitable option in cold climates.
Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Effect of Different Meteorological Trends on Drought: An Example from Continental Croatia
Authors: Tadić Lidija , Brleković Tamara , Hajdinger Andreja , Španja Save
Published: December 2019

The majority of central Europe has a transitional climate type as a result of interactions between maritime and continental climates. This study focuses on the appearance and severity of drought in continental Croatia, which is part of the transitional climate area. It is situated between 15° E and 19° E. The altitude declines from west (167 m a.s.l) to east (88 m a.s.l.). The time period analysed is 1981–2018. Air temperature and precipitation data series from 13 meteorological stations were analysed. The analysis was done on an annual basis to define the spatio-temporal variability in air temperature and precipitation and their impact on drought episodes using the standardised evapotranspiration precipitation index. Different statistical methods (e.g., the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test and agglomerative hierarchical clustering) were used to examine the trend homogeneity of the analysed region. The analysis indicated inhomogeneity across the study area in terms of what significantly impacted the occurrence and severity of droughts. Drought occurrence is influenced more strongly by increasing trends in air temperature as compared with increasing or decreasing precipitation trends. The probability of severe drought occurrence was estimated using a copula function, and the results demonstrated that areas with higher precipitation could be more exposed to drought. Furthermore, the results demonstrated the impacts of specific regional characteristics on drought occurrence, severity, and duration, which indicates that small-scale research on droughts is more reliable.
EFECTO DE LA INVERSIÓN PÚBLICA SOBRE LA INVERSIÓN PRIVADA EN BOLIVIA, EN EL PERIODO 1995 – 2016
Authors: Nina Borges Hedim Eibert
Published: December 2019

La investigación tuvo como propósito el estudio de los efectos de la inversión pública sobre la inversión privada en Bolivia en el periodo 1995 a 2016. Se aplicó el método econométrico. Se utilizó, como variable dependiente, la inversión privada y como independientes el producto nacional bruto. Se realizó la descripción y explicación del análisis y síntesis de cada variable económica involucrada. Se analizó la evolución de la inversión pública y privada, además de la inversión pública por sectores en los diferentes periodos: (1995-2005) Modelo Neoliberal y (2006-2016) Modelo Económico, Social, Comunitario y Productivo para observar cuáles sectores destinó mayor inversión el Estado en los diferentes periodos. La conclusión expresa que la Administración Central debe incentivar la inversión privada mediante políticas sectoriales bien definidas respecto a los sectores que generan empleo, y priorizar los sectores de infraestructura y social, así como estimular la inversión privada mediante la disminución de la carga tributaria a las empresas privadas.
Stratifications sociales en Afrique ancienne: performances et stagnations
Authors: Diouf Benjamin
Published: December 2019

Les sociétés africaines ont eu des organisations qui ont évolué et se sont maintenues en dépit du temps qui nous sépare de l’Antiquité. Parmi celles-ci, nous avons les castes qui sont, pour certains, une absurdité qu’il faut abandonner sans chercher à les comprendre. Pourtant, celles-ci peuvent nous éclairer sur le fonctionnement de notre société et son évolution. Les castes sont une stratification sociale établie sur la base des activités professionnelles, des métiers. C’est en Egypte ancienne qu’elles vont se professionnaliser et s’hériter. Au fil du temps, la religion et la loi vont intervenir dans le système des castes pour y introduire l’endogamie, la hiérarchie et le mépris tels que nous l’observons, aujourd’hui, chez certaines ethnies africaines.
Genèse d’une villa carolingienne de l’arrière-pays biterrois (VIe-Xe s.) La villa plaxano du cartulaire d’Aniane et la fouille des Termes à Plaissan (Hérault)
Authors: Schneider Laurent , Rascalou Pierre , Colomer Guilhem , Bergeret Agnès
Published: December 2019

Nacimiento de una villa carolingia en tierras del Biterrois (siglos vi-x). La villa plaxano del cartulario de Aniane y la excavación de Les termes en Plaissan (hérault).

La realización de una campaña arqueológica urgente coincidente con obras vinculadas a la construcción de un gasoducto «Arteria del Midi » , permitió explorar alrededor de 3 000m2 de un yacimiento de la Alta Edad Media y de identificar uno de los primeros fondos de cabaña típicos de la zona del Languedoc mediterráneo. Este está presente con todo lujo de detalles e insertado, por una parte, en el contexto general del yacimiento explorado y, por otra, en las dinámicas de poblamiento. Este estudio permite entrever el establecimiento de un asentamiento rural a partir del siglo VI en un paisaje que no había conocido ningún domino de envergadura. Las fuentes escritas no mencionan la villa Plaxano antes de los años 830.
Nouvelles données sur l’abbaye médiévale de Sorèze (Tarn) Bilan des opérations archéologiques de 2008-2009
Authors: Ollivier Julien , Calvet Jean-Paul
Published: December 2019

Nuevos datos acerca de la abadía medieval de Sorèze (tarn). Resultados de las operaciones arqueológicas de 2008-2009.

Se llevaron a cabo varias operaciones arqueológicas en 2008 y en 2009 en el recinto de la abadía-escuela de Sorèze (departamento del Tarn). Fueron impulsadas a causa de unas obras de acondicionamiento vinculadas a la recuperación reciente del lugar como sala de espectáculos en lo que se refiere a la antigua iglesia abacial, y en piscina cubierta en lo tocante al antiguo gimnasio de escuela. Las excavaciones y seguimiento de las obras han hecho posible el descubrimiento de un conjunto de vestigios medievales desconocidos para esta abadía, cuya edificación remonta a la época carolingia. Esto es lo que ha ocurrido en el interior de la nave de la iglesia donde se ha podido, quizás, descubrir el lugar de culto primitivo. Su evolución se ha podido establecer gracias al buen estado de conservación de los vestigios. Los más recientes se pueden poner en relación con documentos del siglo XVI y permiten comprender mejor la última etapa de la iglesia que fue destruida durante las Guerras de Religión.
Entre Atlantique et Méditerranée : la circulation des faïences portugaises au XVIIe siècle en France méridionale à partir du site subaquatique de Villefranche-sur-Mer (Alpes-Maritimes)
Authors: Dieulefet Gaëlle , Teixeira André , Torres Joana
Published: December 2019

Encore inconnue dans les contextes archéologiques français, des faïences portugaises ont été récemment identifiées en Provence. C’est notamment dans un contexte portuaire, celui de Villefranche-sur-Mer, qu’ont été mises au jour plusieurs formes ouvertes correspondant principalement à des bols, des assiettes et des plats. L’étude de ces artéfacts et sa confrontation avec d’autres sites comparatifs à l’étranger permettent d’en préciser la chronologie, les lieux de productions ainsi que les principales vaisselles portugaises diffusées par la voie maritime. Leur découverte fournit de plus des indicateurs précieux sur les relations maritimes entre la France Méridionale et le Portugal durant l’époque moderne.
L’alimentation en eau d’une ville méridionale. Narbonne (Aude), XIVe-XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Larguier Gilbert
Published: December 2019

L’approvisionnement en eau des villes est resté problématique jusqu’au XIXe siècle. Comment parvinrent-elles à satisfaire les besoins domestiques des habitants ainsi que ceux nécessaires à leurs activités ? On ne le sait que très imparfaitement. De même, on peine à suivre les politiques édilitaires, les aménagements projetés, et à mesurer leur efficacité. Chaque ville est un cas particulier. Des similitudes s’aperçoivent cependant : types d’équipements, moyens mis en oeuvre, voire politiques municipales. Narbonne, ancienne colonie romaine, constitue un cas exemplaire à observer car la ville présente l’originalité d’avoir disposé de quatre types d’approvisionnement : l’eau courante (le cours d’eau qui la traverse), les puits, l’alimentation par l’eau de sources recherchées hors de la ville, la contribution d’une machine hydraulique dont l’importance tint moins à ses volumes fournis qu’à ses premiers commanditaires, ses archevêques, présidents des États de Languedoc.
L’approvisionnement en eau de la ville de Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) au Moyen-Âge et à l’Époque moderne : premiers éléments d’enquête
Authors: Puig Carole , Carozza Jean-Michel , Durand Sylvain
Published: December 2019

The water supply of the city of Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) in the Middle Ages and in the Modern Age : an initial investigation.

This paper focuses on the development of the hydraulic network of the city of Perpignan in the Middle Ages, which accompanied its urban expansion. A first canal became operational at the end of the XIIth century, while the city was the seat of the Count’s authority. As the population grew in the XIIIth and XIVth centuries, this system became insufficient. The creation of the kingdom of Mallorca, the building of the royal palace and of a wall also required a new supply system. At the very beginning of the XIVth century, Perpignan was supplied through a new canal, approximately thirty kilometers long, interspersed with various structures (aqueductbridges, underground pipes, inspection chambers, wells, etc.) designed to overcome natural obstacles while maintaining a sufficient gradient for the water to reach the city. The canal supplied the city’s eastern boroughs through four fountains which remained operational until the XIXth century.
Une gestion raisonnée du réseau hydrographique à Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val (Tarn-et-Garonne) aux périodes médiévale et moderne
Authors: Rivals Cécile
Published: December 2019

Rational management of the water system in Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val (Tarn-et-Garonne) in the Middle and Modern Ages.

Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val is a monastic town located at the confluence of the Bonnette the Aveyron Rivers which boasts a remarkable network of underground and surface canals based on diversions of the Bonnette River. Originally built by the abbey, it was later widely used and expanded to meet the needs of urban life : cottage industry, driving force, waste water disposal. The use of these underground sewers was taken into account in the design of some houses as early as the XIIIth century. The length of the period of time over which the canals were in use is testimony to the skills involved in building them.
Du cycle mythologique au cycle épique : correspondances entre le Dagda et Fergus mac Róech
Authors: Hily Gaël
Published: December 2019

Le dieu Dagda et le héros Fergus mac Róech sont deux figures importantes et reconnues des traditions irlandaises préchrétiennes. Tous deux interviennent dans des groupes de récits distincts, à savoir le cycle mythologique pour l’un et le cycle héroïque d’Ulster pour l’autre. Mais une confrontation de ces témoignages littéraires permet de révéler toute une série de points communs, qui laissent alors entrevoir des rapports étroits entre leurs gestes respectives.
L’intertextualité dans la Vie longue de saint Guénolé de Landévennec
Authors: Poulin Joseph-Claude
Published: December 2019

La grande Vie de saint Guénolé composée vers 870 par Gurdisten de Landévennec (BHL 8957-58) est à la fois prosimètre et opus geminum ; elle compte un nombre considérable de citations, imitations et échos d’une grande variété d’auteurs profanes et chrétiens, en prose et en vers. Un nouveau bilan de ce régime d’emprunts formels est établi et élargi ; l’influence de la langue biblique et les échos de la Règle bénédictine y apparaissent encore plus nettement que dans les récapitulations effectuées antérieurement. Ce nouvel état des lieux permet de mieux comprendre le processus d’élaboration de l’oeuvre (probablement en plusieurs étapes, ensuite amalgamées) et les intentions de l’auteur en tant qu’abbé. En effet, ce dernier vise avant tout un public monastique ; il entrecoupe son récit biographique d’hymnes et de méditations à l’allure de sermons qui pourraient avoir été composées et utilisées séparément. Cette enquête permet enfin de revisiter la question des rapports entre influences insulaires et influences continentales à Landévennec au troisième quart du IXe siècle ; les emprunts au monde romano-franc l’emportent de beaucoup sur le monde insulaire. L’influence d’auteurs carolingiens, comme Alcuin ou Smaragde de Saint-Mihiel, avait été sous-estimée jusqu’à présent.
Au sujet de l’Ankou (la mort personnifiée) dans la Vie de sainte Nonne
Authors: Le Menn Gwennolé
Published: December 2019

Remarques critiques sur la nouvelle édition de la Vie de sainte Nonne (Brest, 1999). Observations concernant quelques mots moyen-bretons : pugnes, git, bourdon, raillon.
La valeur du s diacrité dans les inscriptions celtibères en alphabet latin
Authors: Jordán Cólera Carlos
Published: December 2019

On the value of marked s in the Celtiberian inscriptions in Latin alphabet.

A striking epigraphic particularity has recently been found in the bronze of Novallas (Zaragoza), written in Celtiberian language and Latin alphabet : the s with a lower stroke, which the author transcribes as Ś. This character also appears in two inscriptions of Peñalba de Villastar (Teruel), but it had gone unnoticed. In Novallas, Ś is attested only in absolute final position after a vowel ([---]ṮICAŚ·TERGAŚ, VAMVŚ). There, the most likely phonetic value is [θ]<*-d. In Peñalba, apart from appearing in absolute final position after a vowel (TRECAIAŚ), it was used also in intervocalic position (ENIOROŚEI). The author thinks that Ś is used here as the sigma in the Paleohispanic writing. Although the phonetic value in final position would also be [θ]<*-d, it could have different values between vowels (fricative or affricate voiced/ unvoiced), depending on the etymology. In these cases, it would rather be [ð]<*vowel-d-vowel.
A note on Gaul. duti, Chartres A7, B9
Authors: Repanšek Luka
Published: December 2019

The author tries to account for the morphology and etymology of Gaulish duti (Chartres A7, B9), connecting it to similarly problematic Proto-Slavic *dűma. Judging from its likely syntactic role at the head of two structurally identical Gaulish sentences, duti is argued to represent a feminine action noun in *-ti-. Together with Proto-Slavic *dűma *‘(act of) speaking, thinking’, conceivably an inherited o-grade derivative in *-meH2 to the well-known seṭ-root *dheṷH2 -, it constitutes possible evidence for the semantic shift ‘breath/ blow’ → ‘speak’ and as such presents a valuable addition to the list of Celto-Slavic (near) parallels.
Tarbḟlaith : une influence classique dans Audacht Morainn ?
Authors: Bisagni Jacopo
Published: December 2019

Le speculum principum vieil-irlandais connu sous le nom d’Audacht Morainn (AM), écrit probablement vers l’an 700, présente une classification de quatre «types» de souverain : parmi ceux-ci, nous trouvons le tarbḟlaith, «chef-taureau», c’est-à-dire un prince violent qui règne dans un contexte de guerre permanente. L’analyse des différentes recensions d’AM suggère que la section concernant le tarbḟlaith constituerait en réalité un ajout relativement tardif (peut-être du IXe siècle ?) à une classification tripartite originelle. À la lumière de la suggestion récente de Brent Miles, selon laquelle les développements narratifs du motif du taureau dans la Táin Bó Cúailnge représenteraient – du moins partiellement – une imitation délibérée de certains modèles classiques, nous pouvons envisager la possibilité que le composé tarbḟlaith ait une origine similaire : en particulier, ce terme vieil-irlandais pourrait être un calque du groupement latin dux taurus, une épithète attribuée dans la Thébaïde de Stace au prince thébain exilé Polynice. Il est possible que le poème de Stace et le commentaire à la Thébaïde compilé par Lactantius Placidus aient été connus dans l’Irlande du haut Moyen Âge : ces textes auraient donc pu fournir aux literati ecclésiastiques irlandais des exempla négatifs concernant la royauté, exactement comme certains passages de la quatrième églogue de Virgile pourraient avoir contribué à la formation du concept du fír flathemon, «la justice du souverain», que nous trouvons dans l’AM. Il n’est d’ailleurs pas surprenant que la Thébaïde ait pu jouer un rôle dans la définition de l’idéologie royale irlandaise médiévale, notamment si l’on considère la présence de l’expression rex iniquus dans l’œuvre de Stace – une formule que l’on trouve aussi dans le traité hiberno-latin De duodecim abusivis saeculi, présentant des analogies avec l’AM –, ainsi que l’importance du thème de l’inceste dans les histoires concernant les fils d’Oedipe et dans le cadre narratif qui sous-tend l’allocution de Morann à Feradach Find Fechtnach dans l’AM.
Note sur une source antique méconnue concernant le culte d’Epona en Cisalpine
Authors: Lajoye Patrice
Published: December 2019

A note about a less known ancient source concerning Epona’s cult in Cisalpine Gaul

Not less than ten ancient or late Antique texts are known, related to the goddess Epona, which makes her the best attested Gaulish divinity from a documentary point of view. This corpus however was further increased by the discovery and publication in 1929 of a homily from the fifth century, until now ignored by the specialists of Gaulish religion.
The Coligny calendar as a Metonic lunar calendar
Authors: McKay Helen T.
Published: December 2019

This paper examines how closely the lunar calendar months of the Coligny calendar track the individual lunations over the 62 months of the 5-year bronze plaque, and in doing so, discovers an extraordinary precision to within a day either side of the average lunation. This means that each calendar month always starts at the same point in the lunar phase and the calendar can remain in sync with the moon indefinitely. The question of the overall shape of the calendar is further defined by assigning 29 days to Intercalary One, which then shows the calendar to be a Metonic calendar through four successive cycles of the 5-year base, and that in the one 5-year plaque we have the complete and only needed part of the entire calendar. This Metonic calendar could also be embedded as part of a larger 30-year age of 6 successive cycles of the 5-year base, again without the necessity of re-shaping the 5-year base cycle.
Le cró Logo «enclos de Lug» (Cath Maige Tuired, § 69)
Authors: Raydon Valéry
Published: December 2019

L’auteur s’intéresse à un bref épisode du récit mythologique en moyen-irlandais du Cath Maige Tuired, celui de la construction par Lug d’un énigmatique cró Logo «enclos de Lug» aux portes de Tara, dont le nom faisait référence à un toponyme réel à proximité de l’ancienne capitale royale. Il revient sur les interprétations précédemment proposées par les chercheurs sur ce cró Logo (enclos sacré pour les uns, parc à bétail pour les autres) et prône une nouvelle explication faisant de ce nom de lieu un possible synonyme du toponyme panceltique *Lugudūnon, «forteresse de Lug», également attesté en Irlande.
Le poème officiel en moyen-breton de 1532
Authors: Le Bihan Hervé
Published: December 2019

Le poème officiel affiché au centre de la cité de Rennes lors du couronnement du dernier duc de Bretagne, en 1532, avait été publié par Émile Ernault (1912 et 1913). Il n’avait pas pu en utiliser une version complète, version qui a été découverte il y a peu. Dans cette étude, nous publions cette version complète ainsi que toutes les autres versions, inédites pour certaines d’entre elles. Cette publication est accompagnée de commentaires afin de resituer ce texte dans son environnement linguistique et historique où l’élément troyen émerge.
La Atención al Egresado: Su Incidencia en la Formación del Personal docente para el sector Rural
Authors: Cáceres Ortiz Jorge Daniel , Cubillas Quintana Fidel , Meneses Romero Yordany
Published: December 2019

En los momentos actuales constituye una preocupación la atención y seguimiento a los egresados de la facultad de Ciencias Pedagógicas, con énfasis en el sector rural. Se presentan los resultados, sustentados los postulados socio-histórico-culturales de Vigotski, donde se revela al hombre como centro de la actividad, además se particulariza en la actividad de dirección y en la actividad profesional de dirección. Para penetrar en este campo del saber fueron empleados como métodos del nivel empírico: observación pedagógica, prueba pedagógica, encuesta, pre-experimento y el análisis de documentos, del nivel teórico se utilizaron el análisis y síntesis, histórico y lógico, sistémico e inductivo y deductivo. La implementación en la práctica escolar ocurre en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus, donde se lograron los resultados esperados.
La Orientación Educativa en los Cursos a Distancia
Authors: Asín Cala Maribel , Cubela González Juana María , Senú González Idalberto
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar en torno a la importancia de la orientación educativa en los cursos a distancia que se desarrollan en las universidades, como vía eficaz para el logro de la calidad en la formación de los profesionales a partir de acciones que permitan aprovechar los escenarios y espacios que ofrece la institución y las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, integrando acciones interrelacionadas entre sí, que al ser ejecutadas contribuyan a la elevación de la función educativa de los docentes, particularmente durante la tutoría. En su desarrollo se asumen los postulados del materialismo dialéctico y el enfoque socio histórico cultural.
A METROPOLIZAÇÃO DE MANAUS: A EXPANSÃO DOS LOTEAMENTOS FECHADOS NA AMAZÔNIA METROPOLITANA
Authors: Leopoldo Eudes
Published: December 2019

O objetivo é pensar Manaus como uma metrópole, onde opera o processo de metropolização regional, tendo como um dos seus indicativos as formas imobiliárias metropolitanas, especialmente os loteamentos fechados, ao mesmo tempo em que se abrem os horizontes de utopias experimentais. Situa-se Manaus como uma das regiões metropolitanas estruturais do território brasileiro, compreendendo o processo de expansão dos loteamentos fechados na região metropolitana, com enfoque na produção do Alphaville na centralidade de Ponta Negra. Por fim, apresentam-se duas situações espaciais, uma forma urbana e uma forma arquitetônica, que permitem tecer alguns comentários sobre utopias experimentais na relação entre metrópole e floresta.
RODOVIA TRANSAMAZÔNICA (BR-230): COROLÁRIO DE NOVAS REALIDADES E PROBLEMAS TERRITORIAIS
Authors: Herrera José Antônio , Nascimento Flávio Rodrigues do
Published: December 2019

Frentes de ocupação e dinamização de atividades produtivas na Amazônia, vantagens locacionais e instalação de infra-estruturas, são exemplos que vêm configurando e forjando novos territórios e desencadeando novos problemas ambientais e impactos territoriais emergentes, nesta porção do país que compõe cerca de 60% do Brasil. Um dos ícones deste contexto é a Rodovia Federal Transamazônica/BR-230, como infra-estrutura necessária a consolidação territorial por parte do Estado e grandes corporações do capital. Decorre daí, diversos desdobramentos no espaço e no território, que vão além das reconfigurações locais, acionando e atingindo impactos territoriais e ambientais regionais, que aqui e acolá, ratificam a Amazônia como o lócus da reprodução ampliada do capital no Brasil, no Século XXI, na busca de bases e setores da concretude do capital Produtivo nacional e Global. É sobre isto que o texto trata.
RISCOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NO NORTE DO PAÍS: INCÊNDIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Claudino-Sales Vanda de
Published: December 2019

As pesquisas mais recentes em relação à floresta amazônica indicam que o bioma resulta de uma ação conjunta de processos naturais e antrópicos. Do ponto de vista natural, coloca-se que a Amazônia é uma floresta pluvial, e não passa por processo de combustão espontânea. A presença de fogo nesse bioma tem como única e exclusiva fonte a ação antrópica. Na Amazônia, os focos de calor estão visceralmente atrelados ao agrobusiness, à mineração e ao setor madeireiro. Incêndios no segundo semestre do ano 2019 atingiram níveis alarmantes, e resultam da pressão exercida por esses negócios sobre as atuais autoridades públicas, visando abrir as portas da Amazônia para essas atividades. Em setembro e outubro de 2019, as denúncias e protestos arrefeceram. No entanto, a Amazônia continua a queimar, como indicam os dados da entidade “Global Forest Watch”, analisados nesse artigo. Urge a tomada de medidas protecionistas e a pressão popular, para salvar a Amazônia da destruição irreversível.
Optimasi Formula Lipid Nanostruktur dengan Pentarget Manosa sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Rifampisin
Authors: Suciati Tri , Istiqomah Nurani , Permana Benny , Julianti Elin , Wibowo Marlia Singgih , Yudistira Titah , Triyani Yani
Published: December 2019

Akumulasi terbatas obat antituberkulosis di dalam makrofag menjadi penghalang keberhasilan terapi tuberculosis laten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan formula nanopartikel termodifikasi D-manosa sebagai agen pentarget reseptor manosa untuk meningkatkan internalisasi rifampisin ke dalam makrofag. D-manosa dikonjugasi dengan kitosan menggunakan agen pereduksi amin. Konjugat kitosan-D-manosa dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR. Selanjutnya, konjugat diadsorpsikan pada partikel lipid nanostruktur (Nanostructured Lipid Carrier, NLC) secara elektrostatik. Formula NLC terdiri dari larutan lemak padat-cair dan rifampisin dalam etil asetat dan larutan konjugat kitosan-D-manosa yang dibuat dengan tehnik emulsifikasi menggunakan emulgator polisorbat 80. Solidifikasi nanopartikel NLC-kitosan-manosa dilakukan dengan metode gelasi ionotropik dan penguapan pelarut. Formula nanopartikel dioptimasi menggunakan metode statistik Box-Behnken. Keberhasilan pembentukan konjugat kitosan-D-manosa dikonfirmasi dari perubahan bilangan gelombang pita amida dan pembentukan basa Schiff pada spektra FTIR. Formula optimum nanopartikel memiliki diameter 766,1 ± 57,56 nm dengan indeks polidispersitas 0,32 ± 0,02, efisiensi enkapsulasi 91,54 ± 0,18 % dan loading obat 36,62 ± 0,07%. Profil pelepasan rifampisin dari nanopartikel hampir mirip pada pH 5,2 maupun 7,4.  Formula NLC termodifikasi manosa ini berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai pentarget antibiotik intraselular pada makrofag.
Environmental assessment of vegetation of the spit and Tuzla island (Krasnodar Territory, Republic of the Crimea)
Authors: Sokolova T. A. , Ermolaeva O. Yu.
Published: December 2019

In order to classify the vegetation, as well as its sozological assessment, based on the Brown-Blancke method, geobotanical descriptions of the vegetation of the spit and Tuzla island were carried out, rare species were noted, and a cartographic survey of the territory was carried out. As a result of five-year studies, the classification of vegetation of the spit and Tuzla island was made. 22 associations (2 new - Lactuco tataricae-Elaeagnetum angustifoliae and Gypsophiletum perfoliatae), 8 subassociations (6 new - Lactuco tataricae-Elaeagnetum angustifoliae juncetosum maritimae, L. t.-E. a.) are described. Artemisetosum arenariae, Phragmito-Juncetum maritimi puccinelietisum distantis, Cakilo euxinae-Crambetum artemisetosum arenariae, Cakilo euxinae-Lactucetum tataricae typicum, C. e.-L. t. gypsophiletosum perfoliatae, basal 2 community and 7 out of 13 classes and 14 unions. A geobotanical map of the spit and Tuzla island has been compiled. The high estimates of the environmental significance of observed association: Cakilo euxinae-Lactucetum tataricae, Eryngio maritimi-Cakiletum euxinae, Gypsophiletum perfoliatae and Elaeagnetum angustifoliae-Lactucetum tataricae. The necessary establishment of protected areas for the protection of some plant communities in the vegetation and the islands.
Syntaxonomy of segetal vegetation of the Crimea on the using cluster analysis
Authors: Bagrikova N. A.
Published: December 2019

Aims. To make adjustments to the higher classification units of segetal vegetation of the Crimean peninsula based on the application of cluster analysis and modern conceps of syntaxonomy. Materials and methods. The analysis is based on 2876 own descriptions made in 1993-2011, 748 descriptions from the phyto-coenotic base of Flora and Vegetation Department of the Nikita Botanical Gardens, compiled in the 1960-1970s, and the descriptions from other literature sources. Results.The results of segetal vegetation studies of annual (cereal and tilled crops) and perennial (vineyards, orchards, plantations of essential-oil rose and lavender) of arable lands of the Crimean peninsula are presented. On the basis of the analysis the differentiation of communities on agrocoenotific gradient has been performed. Changes have been made to the classification scheme at the level of classes and orders. Crimean weedy communities are united in 51 associations, 15 alliances, 7 orders and 4 classes (Stellarietea mediae, Artemisietea vulgaris, Sisymbrietea, Oryzetea sativae).
Meadows diversity in the Valdaisky National Park
Authors: Belonovskaya E. A. , Tishkov A. A. , Tsarevskaya N. G.
Published: December 2019

The results of a geobotanical survey of meadow vegetation in the Valdaiskiy National Park (Novgorod region) are presented. In accordance with the floristic classification it has been established that the meadows of the region belong to the class of European mesophilic meadows Molinio-Arrhenatheretea . Two associations were revealed. In the floodplains of rivers and streams, communities of wet meadows of the association Lysimachio vulgaris-Filipenduletum ulmariae are common. It belongs to the alliance Filipendulion ulmariae of the order Filipendulo ulmariae-Loletalia uliginosi . On river terraces and watersheds, communities of the association Anthoxantho odorati-Agrostietum tenuis , belonging to the alliance Cynosirion cristati of the order Arrhenatheretalia , are developed. The significant importance of the meadows for the conservation of natural biodiversity and cultural heritage of the Novgorod region is noted.
KESIAPAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah
Published: December 2019

The study aims to analyze the readiness of parents in the implementation of Tarbiyatus Shibyan's early childhood education program. This type of research uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The location of this study was carried out in Tarbiyatus Shibyan Jadung Dungkek Sumenep's Early Childhood Education. The subject of the study was an elderly person who sent his child to school in early childhood education Tarbiyatus Shibyan. The collection of data using interviews, observation, documentation and Focus Group Discussion. Data analysis consisted of data collection, data presentation and conclusion drawing. This research results in finding that the readiness of parents in organizing early childhood education is active.
FAKTOR PENYEBAB TERJADINYA KONVERSI AGAMA DARI HINDU KE KRISTEN PROTESTAN DI DESA BALINGGI JATI KECAMATAN BALINGGI KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Anta I Made Nuhari
Published: December 2019

Rumusan masalah:Apakah faktor-faktor  penyebab terjadinya konversi agama dari Hindu ke Kristen Protestan di Desa Balinggi Jati Kecamatan Balinggi Kabupaten Parigi Moutong?Penelitian ini bertujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya konversi agama dari Hindu ke Kristen Protestan di Desa Balinggi Jati Kecamatan Balinggi Kabupaten Parigi Moutong.Untuk membedah permasalahan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teori faktor penyebab terjadinya konversinya agama. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan kepustakaan. Analisis data menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya konversi agama di Desa Balinggi Jati Kecamatan Balinggi Kabupaten Parigi Moutong adalah faktor pendidikan, faktor ketidakpuasan sistem adat dan pemimpin keagamaan, faktor  sosiologis, dan faktor psikologis.Faktor pendidikan terdiri dari: 1) Kurangnya tenaga pendidik agama Hindu 2) Rendahnya pemahaman tentang agama Hindu. Faktor ketidakpuasan atas sistem adat dan pemimpin keagamaan terdiri dari: 1) Rumitnya pembuatan sarana upacara 2) Ketidakpuasan atas penerapan catur kasta 3) Ketidakpuasan terhadap pemimpin keagamaan Hindu. Faktor sosiologis terdiri dari 1) Pengaruh hubungan antar pribadi 2) Pengaruh anjuran atau propaganda dari orang terdekat 3) Pengaruh kebiasaan yang rutin 4) Pengaruh kekuasaan pemimpin (tokoh masyarakat). Faktor psikologis terdiri dari: 1) Faktor keluarga 2) Faktor lingkungan tempat tinggal 3) Faktor perubahan status 4) Faktor kemiskinan
EKSISTENSI KESATUAN MAHASISWA HINDU DHARMA INDONESIA (KMHDI) DALAM MELESTARIKAN KEBUDAYAAN BALI DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Putra Edy Semara , Indraningsih G.A Kristha A.
Published: December 2019

Eksistensi KMHDI dalam melestarikan kebudayaan Bali di Kota Palu, menunjukkan bahwa ada upaya perhatian khusus yang dilakukan KMHDI dalam melestarikan kebudayaan Bali di Kota Palu, yaitu dengan cara mengerahkan anggota-anggotanya untuk menampilkan bakat-bakat yang dimiliki dalam acara-acara yang dilaksanakan oleh KMHDI, serta ikut aktif dalam kerja bakti bersama umat Hindu disetiap kegiatan umat dan perayaan hari suci.

Wujud idea menunjukkan bahwa secara program kerja, KMHDI secara khusus tidak merancang program kerja yang berkaitan dengan kebudayaan. Namun dalam prakteknya, KMHDI selalu menampilkan kesenian dan kebudayaan Bali disetiap kegiatannya. Wujud aktivitas menunjukkan bahwa KMHDI selalu melibatkan adat istiadat, kreatifitas serta kesenian Bali pada kegiatan-kegiatan KMHDI, maupun terlibat langsung dengan umat Hindu di Kota Palu. Wujud artefak ditujukkan dengan adanya bukti-bukti fisik maupun visual yang dihasilkan oleh kegiatan KMHDI dalam melestarikan kebudayaan Bali di Kota Palu, seperti foto dan vidio dokumentasi kegiatan, penjor, canang sari, kuangen dan lain sebagainya.
EKSISTENSI PURA AGUNG JAGATNATA STANA NARAYANA DI KABUPATEN POSO
Authors: Suarnada I Gede Made
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini merumuskan tiga permasalahan, yaitu : 1) Bagaimanakah Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana di Kabupaten Poso? 2) Apakah kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam mempertahankan  Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana di Kabupaten Poso? 3) Apakah upaya-upaya yang dilakukan dalam mempertahankan  Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana di Kabupaten Poso?. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penentuan sumber data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara, dan kepustakaan. Sedangkan Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana Kabupaten yaitu a) sebagai tempat persembahyangan setiap hari, b) sebagai tempat persembahyangan hari suci agama Hindu, c) sebagai tempat melaksanakan upacara piodalan, d) sebagai tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan agama Hindu di Kabupaten Poso, e) sebagai pura kabupaten. 2) Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam mempertahankan  Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana di Kabupaten Poso yaitu a) tempat atau lokasi pura yang berjauhan dari pemukiman umat Hindu, b) waktu pelaksanaan persembahyangan yang bersamaan, c) kekurangan tenaga dalam ngaturang ngayah, d) keamanan lingkungan pura yang belum maksimal, e) minimnya sarana dan prasarana, f) sumber dana yang belum jelas. 3) Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam mempertahankan Eksistensi Pura Agung Jagatnata Stana Narayana di Kabupaten Poso adalah a) Pintu pura selalu dibuka dan pinandita nangkil kepura setiap hari, b) kegiatan persembahyangan di pura kabupaten dilaksanakan pada sore hari, c) persiapan upacara dan upakara diemban oleh umat Hindu Poso Kota dan Poso Pesisir, d) keamanan dibantu oleh anggota kepolisian dan masyarakat sekitar lingkungan pura, e) sumber dana diperoleh melalui dana punia, donatur dan iuran galungan.
PERSEPSI REMAJA HINDU TERHADAP PERAYAAN HARI RAYA SIWARATRI DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Suarnada I Gede Made , Ritawati Ni Nyoman
Published: December 2019

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Bagaimanakah  persepsi  remaja Hindu terhadap  perayaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu? dan 2) Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan perayaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu? Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu: 1) untuk mengetahui persepsi remaja Hindu tentang pelaksanaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu dan 2) untuk mengetahui pelaksaan perayaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu.Teori yang digunakan yaitu Teori Persepsi, dan Teori Intraksionalisme Simbolik.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Persepsi remaja Hindu tentang perayaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu yaitu a) Sebagai malam penebusan dosa, b) Hari raya Siwaratri tidak melakukan puasa (Upawasa). 2) Pelaksanaan hari raya Siwaratri di Kota Palu yaitu: a) Hari raya Siwaratri dilaksanakan pada malam hari, b) Remaja Hindu hanya sekedar melaksanakan hari raya Siwaratri, c) Remaja Hindu tidak menerapkan brata Siwaratri, d) Sebelum dan sesudah malam renungan diisi dengan hura-hura.