bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role and mechanism of esketamine in preventing and treating remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia based on the NMDA receptor–CaMKII pathway
Authors: Wang Jiafang , Feng Yankun , Qi Zhong , Li Jin , Chen Zhijun , Zhang Jinming , Zhu Degang
Published: January 2024

Remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH) is a common clinical phenomenon that limits the use of opioids in pain management. Esketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been shown to prevent and treat RIH. However, the underlying effect mechanism of esketamine on RIH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of esketamine in preventing and treating RIH based on the NMDA receptor–CaMKIIα pathway. In this study, an experimental animal model was used to determine the therapeutic effect of esketamine on pain elimination. Moreover, the mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of CaMKII and GluN2B were investigated to offer evidence of the protective capability of esketamine in ameliorating RIH. The results demonstrated that esketamine attenuated RIH by inhibiting CaMKII phosphorylation and downstream signaling pathways mediated by the NMDA receptor. Furthermore, ketamine reversed the upregulation of spinal CaMKII induced by remifentanil. These findings suggest that the NMDA receptor–CaMKII pathway plays a critical role in the development of RIH, and ketamine’s effect on this pathway may provide a new therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of RIH.
Zwischen organisierter Wachsamkeit und Chaos. Massenveranstaltungen, ephemere Räume und Herstellung von Sicherheit im 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Weber Maria
Published: January 2024

Frühneuzeitliche Massenveranstaltungen wie Herrschereinzüge, Geburtstage und Hochzeiten wurden gezielt als Herrschaftsinstrument eingesetzt, um Status und Prestige, Vormachtstellung und Macht demonstrieren zu können. Während diese Aspekte bereits vielfach Gegenstand der historischen Forschung waren, zielt der vorliegende Beitrag darauf ab, Organisationsstrukturen hinter diesen Spektakeln herauszuarbeiten und konkret danach zu fragen, wie bei diesen spezifischen Ereignissen, bei denen der existierende Raum angeeignet und umgestaltet wurde, Sicherheit hergestellt werden konnte. Anhand der Analyse von Ordnungen und Zeitungsberichten aus dem 18. Jahrhundert (England, Frankreich) wird dabei zweierlei deutlich: Feierlichkeiten wurden erstens als Gefahren- und Bedrohungspotenziale für den urbanen Raum, Mensch und Eigentum wahrgenommen und charakterisiert. Zweitens zeigt der Beitrag, welche Maßnahmen und Mechanismen entwickelt wurden, um die latent vorhandenen Gefahren diskursiv zu antizipieren und praktisch verhindern oder abmildern zu können. Letztlich legt der Beitrag einen Vorschlag vor, Settings- und Konstellationsanalysen als epistemologische Prinzipien neu zu denken.
Mindful awareness and resilience skills for adolescents (MARS-A): a mixed-methods study of a mindfulness-based intervention for a heterogeneous adolescent clinical population
Authors: Vo Dzung X. , Tabi Katarina , Bhullar Manreet , Johnson Andrea , Locke Jake , Wang Sophia , Stewart S. Evelyn , Marshall Sheila K.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Mindful Awareness and Resilience Skills for Adolescents (MARS-A) is a mindfulness-based intervention adapted for the adolescent population. While previous studies have explored the benefits of MARS-A in various single-diagnosis populations, the aim of this study was to assess MARS-A for a heterogenous clinical adolescent population with mental health and/or chronic diagnoses, focusing on the underlying suffering present in all these conditions rather than its effects on a single diagnosis itself.

Methods

Qualitative data was collected through interviews to understand post-intervention participant perspectives and experiences. Quantitative data was collected through measures to investigate preliminary secondary outcomes.

Results

After participating in MARS-A, participants reported qualitative benefits in enhanced well-being, including coping with difficult emotions and managing sleep and/or pain. Quantitative results showed a reduction in functional disability, psychological distress, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms; increase in positive affect; and benefit in coping with pain and chronic conditions.

Conclusions

MARS-A shows great potential in a heterogeneous clinical adolescent population.
Enhancing willingness to communicate in English among Chinese students in the UK: the impact of MALL with Duolingo and HelloTalk
Authors: Zhao Dan , Jablonkai Reka R. , Sandoval-Hernandez Andres
Published: January 2024

Over the past decade, mobile-assisted language learning technologies, such as smartphone applications, have become increasingly prominent in language learning; however, empirical research on how the use of mobile apps can influence students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) is scarce. This study assessed two mobile apps with distinct language learning approaches: Duolingo, grounded in grammar-translation and behaviourist principles, and HelloTalk, based on social constructivist theory and communicative language learning. The research examined the impact of these apps on Chinese students’ WTC in the UK. A mixed-methods approach, including a quasi-experimental design, was adopted, involving 67 International Foundation Year Chinese students from a Confucius Heritage Culture background. The participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (Duolingo, N = 33; HelloTalk, N = 34) and used one app for five weeks. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-treatment using a WTC scale and an English media usage frequency questionnaire. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Results indicated that both apps enhanced WTC, with Duolingo exhibiting a slightly stronger effect. Participants displayed greater WTC with emotionally and socially connected individuals, while WTC with strangers remained lowest. Factors such as usage time, communication goals, and frequency of use influenced participants’ WTC with various groups of people.
Adequate cefazolin therapy for critically ill patients: can we predict active concentrations from given protein-binding data?
Authors: Böhle Tony , Georgi Ulrike , Hughes Dewi Fôn , Hauser Oliver , Stamminger Gudrun , Pohlers Dirk
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Therapeutic drug monitoring of β-lactam antibiotics has become an important tool for treatment of severe infections, especially for critically ill patients who often exhibit altered PK/PD. Therapeutic targets are based on MIC, which refers to the active concentration of the drug. Cefazolin, a β-lactam agent used for treating of MSSA bacteraemia, has a protein binding of approximately 80 %. Therefore, a reliable determination of the active, non-protein-bound concentration is required to ensure optimal therapeutic outcome.

Methods

From seven critically ill patients who received an initial dose of 2 g cefazolin, followed by a continuous 24 h infusion, a total of 24 serum samples were obtained. The non-protein-bound concentration was directly measured after ultrafiltration and compared to prediction based total concentrations and protein binding values from the literature. For the analysis, a rapid and reliable LC-MS3 based assay was established, offering maximum sensitivity and specificity.

Results

The measured non-protein-bound concentration varied over a wide range (7.6–118 mg/L), with 22 out of 24 samples exhibiting cefazolin levels above the therapeutic target values (8–16 mg/L). Additionally, the observed protein binding ranged from 29 to 78 % (median 66.8 %), which was significantly lower than that reported in the literature. When comparing the measurements to the predictive performance of total concentrations and protein binding values, poor results were obtained.

Conclusions

The results show a high variability in plasma protein binding of cefazolin in critically ill patients. Therefore, the “one-dose-fits-all” principle can no longer be considered up to date. For personalised cefazolin therapy based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) it is recommended to determine the active, non-protein-bound drug concentration, as calculations from the total fraction yield poor results.
The Clash of Generations: Driving Forces Behind Charitable Giving Among Older and Younger Muslims
Authors: Siddiqui Shariq , Hughes Micah , Cheema Jehanzeb Rashid
Published: January 2024

In this exploratory, survey-based study (n = 606), we examined whether Muslim perceptions about giving have changed due to the increased government scrutiny of charitable donations. We also examined age-based differences in preferences for cash versus non-cash donations, sending cash abroad versus giving within the U.S., and the likelihood of Muslims donating to causes that benefit non-Muslims. Our empirical models controlled for demographic differences such as gender, marital status, income, education, race etc. Our statistical results suggest that in the U.S. (1) some Muslims feel that charitable giving to Muslim causes has decreased as a result of monitoring of such giving by the government; (2) older Muslims tend to prefer documented means of giving as opposed to cash donations; (3) Muslims who prefer to donate in cash within the U.S. tend to be similar in age to those who prefer to send money abroad; and (4) age has no bearing on U.S. Muslims’ likelihood of donating Zakat to causes that benefit non-Muslims. Implications are discussed.
Analyzing the Tripartite Relationship Among Public Debt, Economic Growth, and Political Risks: A Panel VAR Approach
Authors: Ben Hamouda Abderrazek
Published: January 2024

This study examines the triangular relationship between public debt, economic growth, and political risks, shedding light on the complex underlying dynamics of these factors. Using a Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model, we analyze this relationship from multiple angles across 117 countries. The study considers the impact of different political regimes and income levels, recognizing the importance of diverse economic and political contexts in shaping these interactions. The results reveal varied responses to public debt based on the political regime, highlighting that authoritarian systems, imperfect democracies, and full democracies exhibit distinct reactions. Additionally, the study underscores the influence of income levels on the relationship between public debt and economic growth. A balanced and comprehensive approach to public debt management is recommended, with an emphasis on political stability, transparency in political institutions, and economic diversification. Policymakers are advised to consider the duration of shocks to promote sustainable economic growth and fiscal health.
Heat transfer distribution of single oblique jet impingement in crossflow under different inlet conditions
Authors: He Juan , Deng Qinghua , Xiao Kun , Feng Zhenping
Published: January 2024

To further reveal the interaction between crossflow and jet, single oblique jet impingement in crossflow is studied. The influences of Reynolds number (Re = 3750–15,000), oblique angle (θ = 50°–90°), jet intake mode (jet normal to inlet plane and jet along hole axis), crossflow ratio (CR = 0.1–0.3) and temperature ratio (TR = 1.0–1.2) are considered. For both jet intake modes, with the decrease of θ, the peak value of Nusselt number increases and its location shifts upstream. The Nusselt number for case of jet normal to inlet plane is higher than that of jet along hole axis with wider lateral coverage range. The CR affects the convection heat transfer between crossflow and target surface, and it also affects the interaction between crossflow and jet. Synthetically, the best heat transfer appears at CR = 0.2. The Nusselt number decreases sharply when TR goes from 1.0 to 1.1, while the decline trend slows down when TR goes from 1.1 to 1.2.
Multidisciplinary sensitivity analysis for turbine blade considering thickness uncertainties
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Chunyu , Gao Wenjing , Li Lei
Published: January 2024

This work presents an approach for sensitivity analysis of turbine cooling blade with surface thickness uncertainties, combining mesh deformation method, neural network model and multidisciplinary analysis. Normally, for even tiny shape changes, conventional geometry-based method failed easily during the auto-processing analysis. Therefore, mesh deformation method was utilized to capture the tiny size changes in the multidisciplinary analysis for both the fluid and the structure meshes. The neural network model is constructed by design of experiments to reduce the computational cost. Sensitivity analysis of the multidisciplinary system of blade is performed by numerical difference algorithm with the neural network model. Results showed that the proposed method was effective and practical in engineering.
Concept of introverted space: is multidimensional, extroverted space an illusion?
Authors: Steinbach Ingo
Published: January 2024

The quantum-phase-field concept of matter is revisited with special emphasis on the introverted view of space. Extroverted space surrounds physical objects, while introverted space lies in between physical objects. Space between objects leads to a network structure of matter: a network in which one-dimensional spaces connect individual particles.
Data Interactive Control System Based on Heterogeneous Database of Information Fusion and Internet of Things
Authors: Han Jianying
Published: January 2024

To improve the data interaction control effect of a heterogeneous database and reduce packet loss rate and response time, a new heterogeneous database data interaction control system based on information fusion is designed. The system consists of hardware and software parts. The hardware part of the heterogeneous database data interaction control system is composed of a data extraction module, data sending and receiving module, encryption module, and data interaction control module. On the basis of completing hardware design, the system software is designed, a fuzzy similarity matrix is constructed by calculating the similarity among the evidence, the weight coefficient of each piece of evidence is calculated by calculating the support function of each piece of evidence, the evidence source model is modified by using discount rules, and Dempster–Shafer combination rules are transformed into matrix analysis. Combined with the modified evidence source model, information fusion of the heterogeneous database is carried out to complete the software design of the data interactive control system. The experimental results show that the data interaction control effect of the heterogeneous database in this system is good, and the packet loss rate and response time are low, improving the data interaction control effect.
Thyroid metastasis from renal cell carcinoma presenting as a solid mass with rapid enlargement
Authors: Chiardi Isabella , Gaffuri Priska , Leoncini Andrea , Trimboli Pierpaolo
Published: January 2024

Thyroid metastases from nonthyroidal malignancies (NTMs) represent a diagnostic challenge, often displaying heterogeneous clinical manifestations. These metastases are rare but significant, accounting for approximately 2% of thyroid malignancies. Distinguishing them from primary thyroid malignancies is challenging due to the lack of specific ultrasound features, and the ultrasound-based risk stratification systems offer limited utility in such cases. Fine needle aspiration cytology is crucial for definitive diagnosis, yet it may not always provide accurate results. In this case report, we describe a unique instance of thyroid metastases originating from renal cell carcinoma, emphasizing the complexities in diagnosis and the importance of considering oncological conditions when assessing thyroid masses. Awareness of thyroid metastasis from NTMs, particularly in cases of diffuse thyroid hypoechogenicity and hypothyroidism, is essential for clinicians in their diagnostic approach.

Learning points

Thyroid metastases from nonthyroidal malignancies are diagnostic challenges due to their heterogeneous clinical presentations, often mimicking primary thyroid malignancies.

Thyroid metastases from nonthyroidal malignancies are relatively rare, but they still account for approximately 2% of thyroid malignancies.

It is fundamental to consider oncological conditions when assessing thyroid masses, especially in cases of diffuse thyroid hypoechogenicity, hypothyroidism, and history of other tumors.

Thyroid presentation is quite similar to that of autoimmune hypothyroidism, endocrinologists must be aware of the possibility of thyroid hypofunction due to the massive invasion of the parenchyma.
La escuela primaria del primer franquismo desde las voces del alumnado segoviano: una iniciación en la investigación educativa.
Authors: Sonlleva Velasco Miriam , Torrego Egido Luis
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se refleja un proceso de iniciación en la investigación educativa, a través de la metodología de historias de vida. Nuestra investigación tiene como objetivo principal conocer cómo fue la Educación Primaria en la provincia de Segovia entre los años 1939 – 1951 a través de las vivencias reflejadas en los registros biográficos de dos personas que formaron parte del alumnado de aquel periodo. Desde este objetivo principal pretendemos descubrir las diferencias entre la educación femenina y la masculina, así como los contrastes entre la escuela rural y urbana.
Las habilidades investigativas como eje transversal de la formación para la investigación.
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Dianelkys , Márquez Delgado Dora Lilia
Published: January 2024

La presente revisión tiene el objetivo de identificar los fundamentos teóricos y conceptuales que permiten el estudio formal de la formación y desarrollo de habilidades investigativas como eje transversal de la formación para la investigación en el pregrado. La búsqueda de las fuentes teóricas se realizó a partir de criterios tales como: estudio de la temática para las ciencias sociales y humanísticas, nivel de generalización de los resultados teórico-metodológicos expuestos y profundidad en el análisis del estado del arte de la problemática. Analizar la literatura ha permitido la identificación del concepto de habilidades investigativas, de sus clasificaciones, de sus categorías formación y desarrollo, así como su función como eje transversal de la formación para la investigación.
Bingkai Isu Sampah di Harian Kompas dalam Prespektif Jurnalisme Data
Authors: Araisyi Bismar Reza , Hidayat Helmi , Nurlaili Musfiroh , Darajat Deden Mauli
Published: January 2024

Kepedulian pada lingkungan hidup, terutama dalam mengelola sampah domestik dan industri di Indonesia, sudah mulai banyak dilakukan, tetapi pengumpulan informasi dan fakta berbasis data oleh media massa tentang isu ini sangat minim. Kompas berupaya merangkum isu ini secara komprehensif dengan berbasis data sekaligus memberikan pendidikan lingkungan hidup kepada pembacanya. Riset ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel berita yang menjadi sumber data utama adalah pemberitaan Harian Kompas pada 19 dan 20 Mei 2022. Terdapat tiga isu utama yang dikontruksi Kompas, yaitu besarnya angka pemborosan konsumsi makanan rumah tangga, buruknya kinerja pemerintah dalam mengelola sampah, dan pentingnya data sampah untuk tujuan mengadvokasi kebijakan pemerintah. Meskipun demikian, sebagai bagian dari industri media, Kompas berbagi akses data dan informasi tentang isu ini hanya kepada pembaca berbayar saja.
Coding Examples: Neonatal Critical Care and Intensive Care Services
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: January 2024

The examples in this article promote understanding of the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) reporting guidelines for intensive and critical services provided to neonates and infants. Examples of code selection include the following:

Delivery room care and initial intensive or critical care Initial and subsequent days of care Critical care and transfer of care Concurrent critical care services
Characteristics of marine strain Streptomyces sp. with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Ivanytsia V. O. , Shtenikov М. D. , Strashnova I. V. , Korotaіeva N. V. , Tytarenko N. V. , Gudzenko T. V. , Vasylieva N. Y. , Gorshkova O. G. , G. V. Lisіutin  , Potapenko K. S. , Andriushchenko O. V. , Chaban M. M.
Published: January 2024

The Black Sea is a unique water basin consisting of a thin superficial oxygenic layer with moderate salinity, and a deep anoxic water mass. The microbiota of the Black Sea remains relatively understudied, which makes it interesting first of all from the most practical point of view of the search for producers of new biologically active compounds. A strain of actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. ONU 561 was isolated from the surface of mussel shells collected in the coastal zone of Odesa. It demonstrated a wide range of antagonistic activity, inhibiting the growth of a set of opportunistic pathogens, including representatives of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In addition, bacteria of this strain were able to inhibit the growth of all tested strains of mycelial fungi, including representatives of Aspergillus niger, A. flavus and Fusarium oxysporum species, and Candida albicans yeast. A significant cytotoxic effect was revealed in the cell cultures of human malignant cells – human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and human laryngeal adenocarcinoma (Hep-2). Analysis of the exometabolome of the strain did not explain these effects.The strain was comprehensively characterized, including physiological, biochemical, and morphological traits. The complete genome of the strain was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 4000 (2x150) and ONT and annotated using NCBI PGAP. Its genome has a size of 8 359 197 bp. GC content – 71.59%. Using antiSMASH 7.0, 35 biosynthetic clusters were revealed. The indices of digital DNA-DNA hybridization and orthoANI for all of the type strains with Streptomyces sp. ONU 561 are much lower than threshold values for the species separation. The obtained results, including a comparative analysis of the genome, indicate the possible affiliation of the strain Streptomyces sp. ONU 561 to a new species and the potential ability of these actinobacteria to synthesize previously unknown antibiotic compounds.
“Soy incapaz de construirme como antropóloga”: Entrevista a la profesora-artista honorable Giselda Hernández Ramírez
Authors: Amado González Miguel Angel
Published: January 2024

La entrevista contenida en este trabajo forma parte de un conjunto de reflexiones recogidas durante varios encuentros con profesores-artistas honorables de la Maestría en Procesos Formativos de la Enseñanza de las Artes de Cuba. A continuación, pueden leerse de manera íntegra los aportes de la Doctora en Ciencias Giselda Hernández Ramírez, una maestra controvertida por la resuelta valentía mediante la cual asume sus posicionamientos frente a los más complejos procesos culturales. Guiada por una serie de interrogantes, la entrevistada alude a nociones como la normalización cultural, el proceso creativo, la antropología(s), entre otros. Resaltan sus contribuciones a la literatura científica, los criterios muy particulares sobre la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Antropología en Cuba, y el compromiso absoluto desde/para la formación artística y pegagógica.
Discourse repetition and phonetic reduction in a person with dysarthria secondary to Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rutter Ben , Kroll Tobias
Published: January 2024

Background: A common concern for persons with dysarthria is a difficulty in being understood. This is captured clinically using assessments of intelligibility. Any attempt to measure intelligibility must be carried out in a way that is sensitive to the phonetic variation that occurs in naturally occurring conversational speech. This article identifies examples of an interactional event known to trigger phonetic variability: discourse repetition. Method: This article is a case study of a 68-year-old male with dysarthria secondary to Parkinson's disease. The method of analysis is interactional phonetics. Results: Examples of discourse repetition are presented with accompanying interactional and phonetic analysis. The speaker is seen to produce the same linguistic tokens with varying phonetic features. In some cases, this variation means the tokens are realized as markedly different phonetic forms. Discussion: The results highlight how variable a single speaker's realizations of the same word can be within a single conversation. Given this, it is proposed that intelligibility is best conceptualized as a range rather than as a single, invariant score.
Recensión de libro: Michel-Yves BOLLORÉ y Olivier BONNASSIES, Dios, la ciencia, las pruebas: el albor de una revolución, [v. or. (2021) Dieu, la science, les preuves – L’aube d’une révolution], Trad.: Amalia Aconda, Las Rozas (Madrid): Funambulista, 2023, 573 pp., 17 x 24, ISBN 978-84-1265-879-8.
Authors: Sánchez-Cañizares Javier
Published: January 2024

Book Review
Reseña de libro: Moisés PÉREZ MARCOS, ¿Qué es la neuroteología?, Sevilla: Senderos, 2023, 189 pp., 14 x 21, ISBN 978-84-124528-6-0.
Authors: Herce Rubén
Published: January 2024

Book Review
Evaluation of stress-strain state of the femoral endoprosthesis component with a non-standard cone size and adapter for its standardization
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, Zvereva Kseniya , Markov Dmitriy ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, Golyadkina Anastasiya ,   Saratov State University, Polienko Asel ,   Saratov State University
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the results of biomechanical modelling of the "femur–implant" system under condition of non-standard cone size and addition of the developed hip replacement adapter. One of the most effective treatment methods for diseases and injuries of the hip joint is total hip replacement. Expansion of indications for total hip replacement led not only to an increase in the percentage of implants, but also to an increase in the number of recorded complications. The leading position among complications is occupied by aseptic instability of the endoprosthesis components. With isolated reimplantation of the endoprosthesis cup and the friction pair “head–liner”, orthopedists are faced with the problem of non-standard sizes of the neck cone of the stem. This leads to the need for extraction of stable femoral components and a significant decrease in the effectiveness of the technique. To solve this problem, we developed an adapter, which is shaped as a truncated cone. The inner diameter of the adapter corresponds to the outer diameter of the non-standard cone, and the outer diameter of the structure has standard size. Biomechanical modelling methods were used to introduce this development into practical medicine. This paper presents stages of creating biomechanical models of the "bone–implant" system. Biomechanical modelling is carried out in the Ansys Workbench software. The main attention is focused on the distribution of equivalent stress values. Stresses occur in the metal structure elements with application of physiological loads. The maximum values of equivalent stresses in the structure under study at the load of 800 N (133.3 MPa) are comparable to maximum equivalent stresses in standard endoprosthesis structures, ranging from 31 to195 MPa. The maximum values do not exceed yield strength of the material, which is 350 MPa. Thus, the results of biomechanical modelling showed high operational reliability of the developed adapter with a non-standard size of the femoral component’s neck.
Distributed control in stabilization of a model of infection diseases
Authors:   Ariel University of Samaria, Domoshnitsky Alexander , Bershadsky Marina ,   Ariel University of Samaria, Volinsky Irina ,   Ariel University of Samaria
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider a model of infection diseases built by G.I. Marchuk in the form of system of ordinary differential equations. A distributed feedback control is added to achieve a stabilization in the neighborhood of a suitable stationary solution in the case where other methods do not work. An idea of a reduction of integro-differential systems to ones of ordinary differential equations is proposed. We study the exponential stability of a stationary point of the integrodifferential system.
Clinical markers of functional condition of resistive arteries in the young men
Authors:   Europien University, Mantskava Maya , Momtselidze Nana ,   Beritashvili Experimental Center of Biomedicine
Published: January 2024

Research of resistive vessels, assessment of their functional state is one of the key issues of blood circulation from the point of view of physics, angiology, rheology, blood biomechanics and related sciences. The article examined some physical quantities that describe the functional state of resistive arteries. According to the results of our study, such physical components as the thickness of the intimal medial layer, the coefficient of resistance of the resistive arteries and Young's module turned out to be interesting pathophysiological markers that can reflect the change in the vascular wall at earliest stages, when there are no yet other precursors of the disease. It is very important to continue research in this direction in order to deepen, transport and generalize our data to large-scale cohort studies.
The study of blood circulation at experimental tumor paraneoplasticism
Authors:   Europien University, Mantskava Maka ,   Beritashvili Experimental Center of Biomedicine, Nyashin Yuriy ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lokhov Valeriy ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: January 2024

The work is part of a joint project in which the authors investigated the blood circulation in experimental animals directly in the area of oncological cell transplantation and in the periphery by monitoring intensity of the local blood, hemolysis intensity, deformation of erythrocyte membranes and their aggregation. These values were compared with each other and with similar indicators of control animals. The results of the study were considered in the context of paraneoplasticism as the basic pathophysiological properties of the body to regulate, inhibit and not spread foreign cells. The authors plan to find a solution to the paraneoplastic reactions of the body using digital technology in conjunction with experimental data by mathematical modelling, transporting “paraneoplasticism” into the system of equations.
Numerical simulation of the erythrocyte aggregation process in an experiment with micropipettes
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University, Kalyagina Nadezhda
Published: January 2024

The Finite Element Method is proposed as a method to model the erythrocyte aggregation process. This paper presents the results of the simulation of an experiment in which hydraulic micropipettes were used to form a pair of erythrocyte aggregates in a dextran 150 kDa medium. The parameters of erythrocyte aggregation (the value of the attracting pressure normal to the surface of erythrocytes, size of the contact zone, and erythrocyte membrane strain energy) were determined by comparing the results obtained experimentally and performing the numerical simulation. The mathematical modeling of the erythrocyte aggregation process was performed taking into account shear stresses. The shear stress values were obtained using the Couette model and compared with the results of experiments on the separation of paired aggregates of erythrocytes.
Dios, Ciencia y Servicio
Authors: Narváez Solarte Javier Antonio
Published: January 2024

Los principios fundamentales de la Universidad CESMAG se resumen en Dios, Ciencia y Servicio, y aunque empleados, docentes y toda la comunidad educativa tienen presente estos principios, vale la pena analizarlos y tratar de encontrar la relación que existe entre ellos. Para esto se propone realizar una pequeña meditación de cada uno, ver como se relacionan y se hacen vida en el quehacer diario de cada miembro de la comunidadUNICESMAG.
Canto XXI del Paraíso
Authors: Delgado Díaz Milton Andrés
Published: January 2024

Dante con Beatriz retoman el camino en el séptimo cielo, Saturno. Beatrice, es la guía del viaje celestial, ayuda a avanzar en el recorrido con propiedad, visión y seguridad, con el objeto de que el poeta ascienda a los círculos del paraíso. La contemplación se convierte en un facilitador que ayuda a develar la imagen del hombre que ha trabajado por los bienes de arriba. El encuentro con san Pedro Damián, defensor de la Iglesia e ilustre en las letras, ofrece un mejor panorama, una visual elevada, como ambiciosa para despojarse de la precariedad de las riquezas terrenas, atravesar el paraíso, enderezar la ruta, con la fuerza del corazón y moderarse a sí mismo para entregar todo y alcanzar el paraíso.
Philosophical Analysis of the Name of the Discipline ‘Physical Education’ and Proposal of Alternative Terminology
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hyo , Jin Hyunju
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study is to clarify the concepts of physical education and sport from a philosophical perspective and propose the potential of kinesiology as a promising alternative.METHODS The method of philosophical argumentation was employed to carefully examine the logical consistency of physical education, sport, and kinesiology. The conceptual tools of connotation and denotation were used to analyze these definitions, and their compatibility was thoroughly assessed.RESULTS Through deductive analysis, it was discovered that both physical education and sport face inherent challenges of limited externalization and excessive externalization. These challenges hinder the accurate representation of reality or weaken the distinct identity of the disciplines. Conversely, it was argued that kinesiology possesses the conceptual capacity to encompass both physical education and sport as a discipline.CONCLUSIONS Considering the apparent conceptual constraints of physical education, it becomes reasonable to reassess the nomenclature of our field. This paper has demonstrated the philosophical significance of kinesiology and its potential as a viable alternative. However, since philosophical arguments may not always perfectly align with practical reality, further exploration and evaluation from diverse perspectives are necessary to determine the suitability of adopting the term ‘kinesiology’ as an alternative.
Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Cardiovascular Health Factors and Heart Function in Sedentary Male Office Workers
Authors: Lee Bo-Ae
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular aerobic exercise on cardiovascular health factors and heart function in sedentary male office workers.METHODS To achieve this aim, 20 individuals were selected as subjects: 10 in the exercise group (who have been regularly exercising for over 5 years, more than 4 times per week, for 1 hour or more per workout) and 10 in the control group (defines sedentary behavior more of moderate-intensity exercise for 30 minutes or longer, at least three days a week ). For data processing, the average and standard deviation were calculated using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program, and the difference in the mean value change between groups was verified by performing an independent t-test.RESULTS There were significant differences between groups in factors related to cardiovascular health, such as resting heart rate, maximum systolic blood pressure, maximum oxygen intake, and exercise duration. Regarding heart function, there were significant differences between both groups in peak velocities of early and atrial fillings, as well as in early and late diastolic annulus velocities.CONCLUSIONS Taken together, regular aerobic exercise appears to have a positive impact on cardiovascular health factors and heart function in sedentary male office workers.
Effect of Regular Plyometric Training on Growth-related Factors in Obesity Female Teenager
Authors: Choi Junwon , Hong Jeana , Choi Youngha , Park Kyumin , Lee Jinseok , Kang Sunghwun
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of regular plyometric training on growth-related factors in obese female teenager.METHODS The subjects of the study consisted of elementary school students group (EG, n=5) and middle school students group(MG, n=6), and overweight or obese experimenters were selected based on the ‘2017 Child and Adolescent Growth Chart Age Body Mass’ index. Exercise was conducted for 12 weeks. All measurements were carried out before and after exercise. The data processing was verified using the SPSS 26.0 statistical program to verify the correlation between paired t-test and Pearson in the 12-week pretraining and post-training groups.RESULTS After 12 weeks of plyometric training, there were significant differences in height(p=.002), ASIS(p=.003), body fat percentage(p=.018), and muscle mass(p=.014) among body composition of EG. There was a significant difference in height(p=.015) in body composition of MG. In the evaluation of muscle function, in muscle strength(60°/sec), (R)-FLE PT/bw(p=.011), (L)-FLE PT/bw(p=.017) in EG and muscle power(180°/sec), (R)-FLE PT/bw(p=.024), (L)-EXT PT/bw(p=.001), (R)-FLE TW/bw(p=.004) and (L)-EXT TW/ bw(p=.012) showed a statistically significant difference. In terms of correlation, significant relationships were found between EG body fat mass and IGF-1(p<.05), and between body fat mass and IGF-1/IGF-BP3(p<.05).CONCLUSIONS Regular plyometric training had a positive effect on growth-related factors in obese female teenager.
Dose Weight loss and Core Exercise improve Oswestry disability index, Trunk Extensor and Flexor Muscle Strength in Obese Middle-Aged Women with Chronic Low Back Pain?
Authors: Lee Yun-Hwan , Kim Chul-Ho , Lee Jea-Kwang , Lee Ji-Eun , Lee Ho-Seong
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the weight loss and isotonic core exercise on oswestry disability index (ODI), trunk extensor and flexor muscle strength in obese middle-aged women with chronic low back pain.METHODS Eighteen obese middle-aged woman with chronic low back pain were randomly assigned into weight loss + core exercise group (WL+CE, n=6), core exercise group (CE, n=6), and control group (CON, n=6). The weight loss goal was set at approximately 0.5-1 kg per week, and core exercises were conducted for 60 minutes, three times a week, for 8 weeks. Body composition (weight, % body fat, muscle mass, WHR), ODI, trunk extensor and flexor muscle strength were measured before, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after core exercise.RESULTS WHR and ODI significantly decreased at 4 and 8 weeks of exercise in both the WL+CE and CE groups compared to before exercise (p<.05, respectively). Trunk extensor muscle strength significant increased at 8 weeks after exercise compared to before exercise at 146°, 158°, 170°, and 182° in the WL+CE (p<.05, respectively), and significant increased at 8 weeks after exercise compared to before exercise at 146° and 158° in the CE (p<.05, respectively). Trunk flexor muscle strength was a significant increase at 8 weeks after exercise compared to before exercise at 146°, 158°, and 182° in the WL+CE (p<.05, respectively), and significant increase at 8 weeks after exercise compared to before exercise at 110°, 134°, 146°, and 170° in the CE (p<.05, respectively).CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that weight loss and core exercise improve WHR, ODI, and trunk extensor and flexor muscle strength in obese middle-aged women with chronic low back pain.
Boolean Observation Games
Authors: Van Ditmarsch Hans , Simon Sunil
Published: January 2024

We introduce Boolean Observation Games, a subclass of multi-player finite strategic games with incomplete information and qualitative objectives. In Boolean observation games, each player is associated with a finite set of propositional variables of which only it can observe the value, and it controls whether and to whom it can reveal that value. It does not control the given, fixed, value of variables. Boolean observation games are a generalization of Boolean games, a well-studied subclass of strategic games but with complete information, and wherein each player controls the value of its variables.
In Boolean observation games, player goals describe multi-agent knowledge of variables. As in classical strategic games, players choose their strategies simultaneously and therefore observation games capture aspects of both imperfect and incomplete information. They require reasoning about sets of outcomes given sets of indistinguishable valuations of variables. An outcome relation between such sets determines what the Nash equilibria are. We present various outcome relations, including a qualitative variant of ex-post equilibrium. We identify conditions under which, given an outcome relation, Nash equilibria are guaranteed to exist. We also study the complexity of checking for the existence of Nash equilibria and of verifying if a strategy profile is a Nash equilibrium. We further study the subclass of Boolean observation games with ‘knowing whether’ goal formulas, for which the satisfaction does not depend on the value of variables. We show that each such Boolean observation game corresponds to a Boolean game and vice versa, by a different correspondence, and that both correspondences are precise in terms of existence of Nash equilibria.
AUXILIARY VERBS EXPRESSING THE DIRECTION OF ACTION IN COMPOUND VERBS
Authors:   Institute of Language and Literature named after Chingiz Aitmatov of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bayastanova Aigul
Published: January 2024

A compound verb consists of two or more components, which, when combined, acquire a new lexical meaning. Each of the components performs its own inherent function in the formation of a complex verb. The form of the second, auxiliary component is the main one and determines the various features of the implementation of the action denoted by the verb. It expresses the features of the time of the action, its direction in space, or the situation of the end of the action. The article deals with auxiliary components kel, ket, zhönö, and bar, expressing the direction of action in space and their place in the formation of compound verbs. Attention is drawn to the features of these components in the formation of complex verbs in the Kyrgyz language.
LITERATURE OF THE TURKIC PEOPLES: THE IMAGE OF THE ‘ENEMY’ IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SOVIET IDEOLOGEME
Authors:   Baku State University, Dursunova Fatima
Published: January 2024

The concept of the ‘enemy’ in the literature of the Turkic peoples of the Post-Soviet Turkic states is an important aspect of the study of cultural, identity and political relationships of these peoples. This article will consider various characteristics of the image of the enemy in the works of Turkic literature, as well as their influence on the formation of the ideologeme of the enemy among the Turkic peoples of the USSR in the period from the 1920s to the 1960s. The ideological and social factors associated with the Soviet era played an important role in shaping the image of the enemy in Turkic literature. However, it is worth noting that this image had its own regional characteristics, which reflected local cultural contexts. New enemy images such as "Basmachi", "Musavatists", "Jadidists" and others appeared in the works of the Turkic peoples of the USSR, in addition to the usual images of enemies developed in Russian Soviet literature. The mentioned images reflected the specific historical and socio-political conditions of these regions.
PUBLIC VALUE IN THE NOVEL "MISMILDIRIK" ARSLAN KOICHIEV
Authors:   Naryn State University named after Satybaldi Naamatov, Zhantaev Adilbek , Zhanybaeva Mayram ,   Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn, Melisbekova Jarkynai ,   Naryn State University named after Satybaldi Naamatov, Mokeeva Asylay ,   International Medical University
Published: January 2024

In the article, the authors analyze the reflection of universal human values in Arslan Koychieva's novel "Mismildirik" from a literary point of view. This novel was translated into Kyrgyz language in 2009 by the publishing house «Biyiktik» in Bishkek. The national- liberation uprising of 1916, the social-historical conditions that led to it and the suffering of the people as a result of it are depicted artistically. The main characters of the novel: Mukai Kambarov, Kambar Bulash, Narboto, Karagyz Apa and others. The events of 1916 are illustrated by the fate of the small tribe of Kudayan, who inhabited the land of Bordu, and the representatives of this tribe. In this novel, the author also draws attention to universal human values that had a place in the consciousness of the Kyrgyz people at the beginning of the 20th century. According to the authors, such values are: motherhood (femininity), courage, collective responsibility, respect for elders, hospitality, sanctity of the motherland (land), patriotism.
TYPES OF OFFICE WORK IN THE STATE LANGUAGE IN THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Authors:   Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic, Orozakunov Aibek
Published: January 2024

This article deals with office work in the state language, widely used in the operational and official activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Kyrgyz Republic. Detailed information is provided on the specifics of office work used in the internal affairs bodies, the scope of its application, the definition of terms. Also about the existing differences in the use of office work in law enforcement agencies and in the civil sphere, and in names. This is also stated in the analysis in the order of information. In addition, brief information is provided on the requirements of electronic document management for digitization of documents used in the internal affairs bodies today. As an example, the article presents definitions of documents, such as certificates, orders and orders, as well as their subsections and types. Information is provided on the changes and features of the use of these documents when translating from the official language into the state language.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DESCRIPTIVE MODEL OF PRIVATIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL PAIRS
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Languages, Aslanova Ulduz
Published: January 2024

The main goal of this research is to investigate the functional characteristics of privative phraseological pairs, a special type of phraseological combinations, as well as their structural and semantic similarities and differences, in the compared German and Azerbaijani languages. In this article, it is also intended to study the processing possibilities of privative phraseological pairs in the language and their characteristics of forming negation-affirmation variability in the sphere of differentiation as a structural type with a metaphorical level. In the article, a new definition was given to phraseological pairs that reflects their structural- semantic features. Taking into account sound harmony, phraseological pairs are divided into groups in both German and Azerbaijani languages from a formal structural point of view. Similar and different aspects and functional-stylistic features of phraseological pairs in the compared languages are analyzed.