bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-parameter demodulated torsion sensor based on the Lyot filter with a twisted polarization-maintaining fiber
Authors: Zheng Yichao , Li Jinjian , Liu Yi , Li Yan , Qu Shiliang
Published: January 2022

We proposed a novel torsion sensor based on the Lyot filter with the twisted polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) acting as the birefringence medium. Lyot filter is formed by two linear polarizers and a piece of PMF. Based on the high birefringence of the PMF, the output polarization rotates with a rate equal to the twisting rate applied on the PMF, and the sensor realizes a high sensitivity of 90.072 dB/rad. The proposed sensor also demonstrated a low strain sensitivity of

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0

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rad/μɛ. On the other hand, based on the phase hits of the polarization interference, the wavelength sensitivity reaches 15.477 nm/rad. The monitoring range of the wavelength demodulation is complementary with the intensity demodulation in one cycle, making the valid sensing range of the proposed sensor expand. The proposed highly sensitive compact torsion sensor, with large sensing range and low crosstalk, has potential applications in many fields such as manufacturing industry, civil engineering, aerospace industry and modern smart structure monitoring.
Efficient 4.95 µm–8.5 µm dual-band grating coupler with crosstalk suppression capability
Authors: Hu Deming , Zhang Yang , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Duan Xuan-Ming
Published: January 2022

In many integrated optics systems, grating couplers are a key component of interfacing the external light source with in-plane photonic devices. Grating couplers with dual-band capability are often desired for expanding the operation spectrum of photonic systems. Here, we propose and theoretically investigate, for the first time, a 4.95 µm–8.5 µm dual-band grating coupler on a Ge-on-SOI platform. In addition to conventional structures, Bragg gratings are introduced to two wavelength division directions for crosstalk suppression. With this design, the simulated coupling efficiencies have respectively reached 59.93% and 46.38% for the 4.95 µm and 8.5 µm bands. This mid-infrared dual-band grating coupler may be useful for defense and environmental monitoring applications.
Femtosecond laser point-by-point inscription of helical-sampled fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Chen Fengyi , Li Xingyong , Wang Ruohui , Qiao Xueguang
Published: January 2022

In this Letter, a helical-sampled fiber Bragg gratings (HSFBGs) fabrication using a femtosecond laser point-by-point (PBP) technique is proposed. The unique helical structure generates sampled gratings owing to its periodicity. A simple, single-step method for inscription of the sampled gratings is described. The effects of geometrical parameters, including length of grating, helical diameter, helical pitch, and off-axis distance on the resonances are studied, and a series of comb-like spectra are obtained.
Mechanically induced enhancement and modulation of upconversion photoluminescence by bending lanthanide-doped perovskite oxides
Authors: Dong Feng , Chen Haisheng , Dong Zhengang , Du Xiaona , Chen Wenwen , Qi Mingqun , Shen Jiaying , Yang Yongtao , Zhou Tianhong , Wu Zhenping , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2022

We report experimental studies of the bending strain impact on the upconversion processes in Yb3+, Er3+, and Mn2+ co-doped BaTiO3 (BTO) thin films with mica as the flexible substrate. Bending strain induces strong enhancement and modulation of the upconversion emission in doped BTO thin films. Because the unshielded 3d5 configuration of Mn2+ is more susceptible to crystal field changes, the introduction of an Mn2+ ion further promotes the strain-induced modulation effect. The upconversion intensity is amplified by six times at bending strain ε = 1.83% in BTO:Yb3+/Er3+/Mn2+ thin films. These results demonstrate the opportunity of rendering an upconversion emission through integrating lanthanide-doped ferroelectric films with flexible mica, especially by incorporating an Mn2+ ion.
Megawatt pulses from an all-fiber and self-starting femtosecond oscillator
Authors: Haig Henry , Sidorenko Pavel , Thorne Robert , Wise Frank
Published: January 2022

Mamyshev oscillators produce high-performance pulses, but technical and practical issues render them unsuitable for widespread use. Here we present a Mamyshev oscillator with several key design features that enable self-starting operation and unprecedented performance and simplicity from an all-fiber laser. The laser generates 110 nJ pulses that compress to 40 fs and 80 nJ with a grating pair. The pulse energy and duration are both the best achieved by a femtosecond all-fiber laser to date, to our knowledge, and the resulting peak power of 1.5 MW is 20 times higher than that of prior all-fiber, self-starting lasers. The simplicity of the design, ease of use, and pulse performance make this laser an attractive tool for practical applications.
Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Expression of RAD51 and BRCA2 in Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pádua Joel Del Bel , Mariano Carolline Fontes Alves , Fabro Alexandre Todorovic , Tirapelli Daniela Pretti da Cunha , Sankarankutty Ajith Kumar , dos Santos José Sebastião , Brunaldi Mariângela Ottoboni
Published: January 2022

Current scientific literature lacks data on the prognostic value of the expression of RAD51 and BRCA2 in gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate those and other homologous recombination-related proteins (ATM, ATR, BRCA1, CHK2, γH2AX, p53) in gastric cancer, assessing their correlation with clinical prognosis. Paraffin-embedded samples were obtained from surgical specimens collected in total or subtotal gastrectomy procedures. Between 2008 and 2017, 121 patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma underwent surgical resection and were included in this study. Negativity for nuclear RAD51 correlated with vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, larger tumor size, and lower overall survival and disease-free survival in univariate analysis. However, nuclear RAD51-negative cases presented better response rates to adjuvant therapy than the positive ones. Nuclear ATR negativity correlated with larger tumor size and a higher histological grade. Positivity for ATM was associated with more prolonged disease-free survival. Positivity for nuclear BRCA2 correlated with lower overall survival and diffuse histological type, whereas its high expression was associated with vascular invasion. Nevertheless, tumors positive for nuclear BRCA2 were more frequently low grade in the intestinal histological type. Our findings indicate that RAD51 and BRCA2 are valuable immunohistochemical prognostic markers in gastric adenocarcinoma.
Athens besieged: Greek and Ottoman perceptions of shifting space during the Greek Revolution of 1821
Authors: Poulos Panagiotis C. , Kolovos Elias
Published: January 2022

This article explores aspects of the quotidian history of space in the Greek Revolution of 1821, using as a case study the transitional events of the siege of the Acropolis by the Ottoman army in 1826 and the recapturing of the city of Athens. Through a thorough study of space as embodied knowledge grounded in the dynamic interaction between humans and material culture, it identifies the shifts in the Athenian landscape during this period. Its findings are based on primary textual and visual sources pertaining to warfare, which are juxtaposed to the Greek and Ottoman emerging official perceptions of the significance of the city of Athens as a political and imaginary objective. The article deploys a phenomenological analysis of space that foregrounds the everyday experiential dimensions and is highly relevant in understanding the ideological and political complexities and implications of the shifting spatialities of the revolutionary period.
Laporan kasus berbasis bukti: Antibiotic Stewardship Sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Pemakaian Antibiotik pada Sepsis Neonatus Awitan Dini
Authors: Rohsiswatmo Rinawati , Samsudin Dion Darius
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang. Pemberian antibiotik secara tidak rasional meningkatkan resistensi. Antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) adalah strategi untuk mengurangi pemakaian antibiotik pada kasus sepsis neonatus awitan dini (SNAD) di unit perinatologi.Tujuan. Mengurangi pemakaian antibiotik di unit perinatologi dengan ASP. Metode. Penelusuran literatur elektronik PubMed, Cochrane dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci ”antibiotic stewardship” atau “antibiotic duration” dan “perinatology” dan “neonatal sepsis” dalam 6 tahun terakhir (2013-2019). Hasil. Uji klinis acak terkontrol oleh Rohatgi dkk mencakup 132 bayi dengan SNAD, diberikan antibiotik empiris selama 7 dan 10 hari. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna pada durasi pemakaian oksigen, inotropik, transfusi darah dan waktu minum enteral penuh (p>0,05). Cantey dkk melakukan studi time series prospektif dengan menghentikan antibiotik setelah 48 jam terhadap 2502 bayi berat lahir <2100 gram dengan SNAD, hari pemakaian antibiotik menurun 27% (p<0,0001). Studi time series restrospektif pada 537 bayi dengan diagnosis SNAD oleh Grant dkk melakukan pemeriksaan c-reactive protein (CRP) pada usia 36 jam dan pemberhentian antibiotik empiris setelah 48 jam. Angka kepatuhan tenaga medis pada akhir penelitian mencapai 97,5%, dan pemakaian antibiotik lebih dari 48 jam menurun dari 50,4% menjadi 0,8% (p<0,0001). Kesimpulan. Antibiotic Stewardship Program dapat mengurangi pemakaian antibiotik untuk kasus SNAD pada unit perinatologi.
Peran Kadar Troponin I Sebagai Prediktor Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Neonatus dengan Riwayat Asfiksia Sedang dan Berat
Authors: Asri Dinar Handayani , Hafidh Yulidar , Widjaja Sri Lilijanti
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang. Penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) merupakan sepertiga kelainan kongenital pada neonatus. Prevalensi PJB di Asia 9,3 dari 1000 kelahiran hidup. Penegakan diagnosis maupun prediksi PJB pada neonatus dengan kondisi tidak stabil terbatas sehingga dipertimbangkan penggunaan biomarker kardiak Troponin I yang paling sensitif dan spesifik pada injuri miokard.Tujuan. Menganalisis peran kadar troponin I sebagai prediktor penyakit jantung bawaan neonatus dengan riwayat asfiksia sedang dan berat.Metode. Desain penelitian potong lintang dalam uji prognostik. Hasil pengolahan data berupa narasi, tabel, dan grafik. Karakteristik dasar subjek penelitian terdiri atas berat badan lahir, kategori asfiksia, faktor penyerta yaitu sepsis dan pneumonia, jenis PJB. Hubungan bivariat antara kedua variabel dianalisis uji chi square. Hasil bermakna jika p<0,05. Analisis data dengan program SPSS (SPSS statistik 25). Hasil. Dari 25 sampel didapatkan 20 sampel PJB. Pada kelompok PJB, asfiksia merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan dengan nilai p 0,004. Nilai cut off troponiin I yang didapat sebagai prediktor kejadian PJB pada neonatus dengan riwayat asfiksia sedang dan berat, yaitu 58,5 ng/l, dengan nilai sensitivitas 80%, spesifisitas 80%. Hasil uji chi square didapatkan nilai p 0,023 dengan Odd rasio sebesar 16 (dengan 95% CI 1,38-185,4). Kesimpulan. Terdapat peran kadar troponin I sebagai prediktor PJB pada neonatus dengan riwayat asfiksia sedang dan berat.
Prediktor Sindrom Syok Dengue pada Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor, Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Annisa Irma , Halim Merry Angeline , Sabila RR Putri Zatalini , Vebriasa Atut , Nidiawati Tety , Ariputra I Dewa Gede , Hendarto Aryono , Putri Nina Dwi
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang. Efusi pleura merupakan salah satu tanda kebocoran plasma pada pasien demam berdarah dengue (DBD) yang dapat dinilai dengan indeks efusi pleura (IEP). Nilai trombosit, hematokrit, dan IEP dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keparahan DBD. Tujuan. Mengetahui perbedaan nilai trombosit, hematokrit, dan IEP antara pasien anak yang didiagnosis dengan sindrom syok dengue (SSD) dan DBD tanpa syok. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah anak usia 1 bulan−14 tahun. Analisis statistik bivariat dilakukan untuk mencari hubungan antara nilai trombosit, persentase hemokonsentrasi, dan IEP dengan kejadian SSD. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik.Hasil. Hemokonsentrasi berperan secara signifikan sebagai preditor SSD (p=0,001 dan OR 1,102). Nilai IEP tidak bermakna sebagai prediktor SSD (p=0,052), tetapi IEP tetap dimasukkan ke dalam analisis menurut pertimbangan klinis. Sementara itu, angka trombosit tidak terbukti sebagai prediktor SSD dengan p=0,549 dan OR 1,000. Pada kurva ROC didapatkan titik potong skor prediktor SSD adalah -1,6 dengan titik potong hemokonsentrasi 23% dan IEP 25%. Pada analisis diagnostik titik potong skor prediktor tersebut untuk menilai kejadian SSD didapatkan sensitivitas 92% dan spesifisitas 83%.Kesimpulan. Indeks efusi pleura (IEP) bersama dengan hemokonsentrasi dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prediktor kejadian SSD pada anak. Skor prediktor >-1,6 memiliki kemungkinan terjadinya SSD 15,6 kali lebih besar dibandingkan skor prediktor ≤ -1,6.
Korelasi antara Kadar Seng Serum dengan Kadar Interleukin-6 dan Skor PELOD-2 pada Sepsis
Authors: Theodorus Defranky , Wati Dyah Kanya , Sanjaya Putra I Gusti Ngurah , Subanada Ida Bagus , Gunawijaya Eka , Witarini Komang Ayu , Gustawan Wayan
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang. Sepsis merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak dengan penyakit kritis yang dirawat di unit perawatan intensif anak (UPIA). Pada 24 jam sepsis, terjadi penurunan kadar seng serum dan secara bersamaan terjadi peningkatan kadar interleukin-6 (IL-6) dan skor PELOD-2. Hasil sebaliknya terjadi pada 72 jam sepsis.Tujuan. Untuk membuktikan korelasi negatif antara kadar seng serum dengan IL-6 dan skor PELOD-2 pada sepsis.Metode. Penelitian dengan rancangan potong lintang dua kali pengukuran dari Januari - Desember 2019 di UPIA RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Subjek penelitian adalah anak berusia 29 hari sampai 18 tahun dengan sepsis berdasarkan skor PELOD-2 > 7 menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Uji korelasi Pearson untuk menilai korelasi bivariat dan uji multivariat menggunakan uji korelasi parsial.Hasil. Empatpuluh subjek memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Rerata kadar seng serum pada 24 dan 72 jam adalah 59,5 µg/dl versus 64,2 µg/dl. Median IL-6 pada 24 dan 72 jam adalah 8,6 pg/dL versus 4,4 pg/dL, rerata skor PELOD-2 24 dan 72 jam adalah 11,2 versus 11,0. Korelasi Pearson kadar seng serum dengan kadar IL-6 pada 24 dan 72 jam adalah r= -0,078, p= 0,632 versus r= -0,218, p= 0,178. Korelasi Pearson kadar seng serum dengan skor PELOD-2 pada 24 dan 72 jam adalah r= -0,513, p= 0,001 versus r= 0,242, p= 0,132. Analisis korelasi parsial kadar seng serum dengan PELOD-2 pada 24 jam adalah r= -0,493, p= 0,002.Kesimpulan. Terdapat korelasi negatif sedang bermakna pada 24 jam sepsis antara kadar seng serum dengan skor PELOD-2 setelah mengontrol variabel kendali.
ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF STARCH IN TWO-CHAMBER CELL WITH REGENERATION OF OXIDANT IN SITU ON ELECTRODES FROM Pb/PbO2 AND GRAPHITE
Authors: Kornienko Galina Vasil'yevna , Kapaeva Svetlana Nikolayevna , Malyar Yuriy Nikolayevich , Kornienko Vasiliy Leont'yevich , Taran Oksana Pavlovna
Published: January 2022

Electrocatalytic oxidation of potato starch was investigated potassium iodate in a two-chamber electrolytic cell with in situ regeneration of the oxidant on Pb/PbO2 and graphite electrodes, depending on the current density, electrolyte pH and electrolysis time. To analyze the samples of the starting and oxidized starch, the methods of photometry, X-ray diffraction, gel permeation chromatography, and IR spectroscopy were used. The optimal conditions for starch dialdehyde production were determined: current density 50 mA/cm2, electrolyte pH 7, electrolysis time 80 min. and a temperature of 25 °С. The weight average molecular weights (Mw) of AIBN samples were determined, which are several orders of magnitude lower (104) than the average molecular weight of native starch (108).
ISOLATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PECTIN FROM NONCONVENTIONAL NATU-RAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Khaytmetova Saida Bokizhonovna , Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich , Muhitdinov Bakhtiyor Ikromovich , Khalilova Gulnoza Abduvahabovna
Published: January 2022

Obtaining and studying the functional properties and determining the subsequent purpose in the practical use of pectin substances requires a thorough study of physical and chemical characteristics of the polysaccharide.

By using the acidic hydrolysis method, pectic polysaccharides were isolated from nonconventional raw materials of natural origins - basidial fungus mushrooms Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus hispidus, Polýporus squamosus. The polysaccharides isolated were characterized: such as content of free and etherifying carboxyl groups, total -СООН groups, -ОСН3 groups, degree of etherification and by data of the IR-spectroscopy.

The pectic polysaccharides isolated in identical conditions from the basidial mushrooms were powders with colors from light yellow to is light-brown by the appearance, possess sub-acidic taste, have no extraneous smack and a smell. The pectin from Inonotus hispidus was much lighter than other pectins (Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Polýporus squamosus). The pectin’s isolated were similar to the apple pectin by the organoleptic properties. They can classified as averagely etherified pectins regarding the degree etherification. Etherification degree of the studied pectins was in the range of 50.00–66.67%. The methoxyl groups were ranged between 8.47–11.43%. Content of free carboxylic groups in the range of 2.25–5.40%.
ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF TWO SPECIES OF SCUTELLARIA AERIAL PARTS
Authors: Karimov Abdurashid Musakhonovich , Bobakulov Khairulla Mamadievich , Ostroushko Yulia Vladimirovna , Botirov Erkin Khozhiakbarovich , Mamadrakhimov Azimjon Akparalievich , Abdullaev Nasrulla Jalilovich
Published: January 2022

The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation method from two plants of the genus Scutellaria, grown in Uzbekistan and used in folk medicine were comparatively investigated by GC/MS and FID. Overall individually thirty three constituents were identified in both of aerial parts of S. adenostegia and S. comosa essential oils, representing 94.4 and 97.0% of the total, respectively. The main components were determined as acetophenone (24.2%), eugenol (12.3%), caryophyllene oxide (8.9%), and β-caryophyllene (7.0%) in the oil of S. adenostegia. β-Caryophyllene (12.5%), phytol (11.4%), linalool (11.1%), acetophenone (10.4%), caryophyllene oxide (6.6%),1-hexanol (5.3%), and (E)-2-hexenal (5.1%) were found as major components in the S. comosa oil. The composition of the oils of S. adenostegia and S. comosa was being reported for the first time. The essential oils of S. adenostegia and S. comosa showed significant antimicrobial properties against Bacillus subtilis, moderate effect against Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli.
METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF THE SUM OF TANNINS IN EUTERPE OLERACEA FRUITS
Authors: Kurdyukov Evgeniy Evgen'yevich , Vodop'yanova Ольга Александровна , Antropova Natalia Victorovna , Mitishev Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Evgrashkina Natal'ya Evgen'yevna
Published: January 2022

Fruits of Euterpe oleracea are widely used in foreign medical practice as an antioxidant. The fruits of Euterpe contain tannins. The most common method of quantitative determination of tannins is spectrophotometry. The purpose of this work is to determine the content of the sum of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe by spectrophotometry

Quantitative determination of the amount of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe by direct spectrophotometry was carried out. To confirm the presence of tannins in the fruits of Euterpe, qualitative reactions were used (1% solution of iron-ammonium alum, 1% solution of vanillin in concentrated hydrochloric acid). The presence of tannins was confirmed by direct spectrophotometry in extracts from euterpe fruits, the analytical maxima of the studied compounds were determined at about 282±2 nm, which corresponds to the maximum absorption of catechin. The optimal conditions for the extraction of tannins from the raw materials of this plant (extractant – ethyl alcohol 40%; the ratio of "raw material – extractant" – 1 : 100; extraction time – 60 minutes; the degree of grinding of raw materials – 1.0 mm) are justified. It was determined that the average error in determining the content of tannins in the fruits of euterpe with a confidence probability of 95% is ±1.59%. It was revealed that the content of tannins in the fruits of euterpe is 8.90%.
POWDERED CELLULOSIC MATERIALS: OVERVIEW, CLASSIFICATION, CHARACTERISTICS AND FIELDS OF APPLICATION
Authors: Toptunov Evgeniy Alekseevich , Sevastyanova Yuliya Veniaminovna
Published: January 2022

Recently, due to the growing interest in powdered cellulosic materials, a large number of studies have been carried out on various methods of their preparation. The main interest is associated with new opportunities for research on nanocellulose. However, for a complete understanding, it is necessary to have information about all powdered cellulosic materials and the peculiarities of their preparation.

This paper provides an overview of powdered cellulosic materials, presents their characteristics, and describes the properties of the materials. It is shown that the morphology of its fiber, as well as the ratio of crystalline and amorphous regions of cellulose, has a significant effect on the properties of the material. Peculiarities of obtaining powdered cellulose materials are discussed, depending on the required properties, and existing research in the field of mechanical, chemical and enzymatic processing of cellulose is presented. The main areas of application of various powdered cellulose materials are described, as well as the current situation on the market, examples of both domestic and foreign manufacturers are given. The information on powdered cellulose materials is generalized, their classification is given, which is consistent with the modern concepts described in the scientific works of researchers from all over the world.
EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE OF CARDBOARD ON ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Midukov Nikolay Petrovich , Kurov Viktor Sergeyevich
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the prediction of mechanical properties on the study of the microstructure of the cross section of cardboard. The results of the work in the future can be used as an addition to standard methods for evaluating the mechanical properties of cardboard. On the basis of images of the microstructure of the cross sections of the two-layer test liner cardboard and their graphic processing using modern computer programs, the lengths of fiber contacts were determined. Guided by the fact that the most significant indicator of all geometric parameters of the microstructure is the length of fiber contacts, the main mechanical properties of cardboard were determined (bursting strength and compression resistance, breaking length, bending stiffness, interlayer strength)produced according to various technologies (conventional method of preparing recovered paper stock, dry defibration of recovered paper with aerodynamic formation of the top layer, dry defibration of recovered paper with subsequent supply of fibers to the stock and dry defibration of recovered paper with subsequent grinding in the stock). Each of the technologies allows to obtain cardboard with different mechanical parameters. It has been established that almost all mechanical indicators depend directly proportionally on the length of the fiber contact lines. The obtained dependencies can be used to predict the mechanical properties of cardboard in its production at industry enterprises.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FRACTIONS OF THE AERIAL PART OF CULTIVATED CHICORY AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Saybel Ol'ga Leonidovna , Radimich Andrey Ivanovich , Adamov Grigoriy Vasil'yevich , Dargaeva Tamara Darizhapovna , Fadeev Nikolay Borisovich , Zelenkov Valeriy Nikolayevich , Lapin Anatoliy Andreyevich
Published: January 2022

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a biennial or perennial herb of the Asteraceae family, growing in the Russian Federation under natural conditions in meadows, forest glades, grassy slopes, as well as on wastelands, fields, overgrown dumps and roadsides. Along with the wild-growing chicory, breeding varieties of cultivated plants are also known, intended for obtaining roots, while the aboveground part, which is a root rosette of leaves, is a production waste.

The purpose of this study was to study the qualitative composition and antioxidant properties of biologically active substances (BAS) of the aerial part of cultivated chicory and to assess the potential for using secondary raw materials of this plant in the pharmaceutical industry for obtaining medicines.

As a result of the study by HPLC-UV-MS / MS, it was found that the phenolic complex of the aerial part of the cultivated chicory is represented by phenol carboxylic acids - esters of caffeic, ferulic, coumaric acids with organic acids (quinic and tartaric) in various combinations; trace amounts of oxycoumarins (chicoriin); flavonoids (glycosides of quercetin, luteolin and isorhamnetin).

The study of the antioxidant properties of BAS fractions of different polarity showed that the ethyl acetate fraction has the highest activity. It was found that the main dominant compound of this fraction is cichoric acid, which suggests that it is this metabolite that makes a decisive contribution to the antioxidant activity of the fraction and the extract as a whole.
STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND THEIR ACTIVITY IN CONCENTRATED EXTRACTS OF CRANBERRY (VACCINIUM OXYCOCCUS), SEA BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.), BLACKBERRY (RUBUS FRUTICOSUS), VIBURNUM (VIBURNUM OPULUS L) AND MOUNTAIN ASH (SORBUS AUCUPARIA L.
Authors: Eremeeva Natal'ya Borisovna , Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna
Published: January 2022

Extracts and their concentrates can be considered as a source of biologically active ingredients of food products and as food additives to increase the consumption of useful substances of berries. The benefits gained from their use lead to the development of advanced technologies that can allow them to be extracted from the feedstock without significantly compromising the biological activity from the feedstock. In this paper, we studied the content of antioxidants and their activity in concentrated extracts of cranberry (Vaccinium Oxycoccus), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), viburnum (Viburnum opulus L.) and mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) berries. For all extracts, the total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins, antioxidant activity according to the DPPH method and iron-reducing antioxidant activity (FRAP) were determined. Concentrated extracts of viburnum contain the largest amount of phenolic compounds (9.3±0.3 mol HA/l), flavonoids (1.96±0.08 mol K/l) and anthocyanins (0.26±0.02 mol CG/l) among the studied extracts. There is also a high total content of phenolic substances and flavonoids in blackberry and rowan extracts (5.7 mol HA/l, 1.33 mol K/l and 4.7 mol HA/l, 192 mol K / l, respectively). The antioxidant activity of the extract of viburnum berries showed a directly proportional dependence on the content of biologically active compounds in it: DPPH-method-2.4 mg / ml; FRAP-method-39.99 mmol Fe2+ / kg. Also, high levels were found in concentrated extracts of blackberries, sea buckthorn and mountain ash. It is the extracts of viburnum, blackberry and mountain ash that are recommended to be used in the production of food products to enrich them with biologically active substances and give them antioxidant properties. Cranberry and sea buckthorn extracts can be used in combination with other extracts.
LIPID COMPLEX FROM THE BROWN SEAWEED SARGASSUM PALLIDUM (TURNER) C. AGARDH AS A HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT AGENT FOR A HIGH FAT DIET IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Fomenko Svetlana Evgen'yevna , Kushnerova Natal'ya Fedorovna , Sprygin Vladimir Gennad'yevich , Drugova Elena Sergeyevna , Merzluakov Valeriy Yur'yevich , Lesnikova Larisa Nikolayevna
Published: January 2022

The object of the present  study was a lipid complex isolated from the thallus of the brown seaweed Sargassum pallidum (Turner) C. Agardh (Sargassum pallidum). The lipid complex of S. pallidum included glycolipids in an amount of 35.1%, neutral lipids – 26.4%, phospholipids – 8.4%, as well as photosynthetic pigments – 30.1% of the total lipids. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was 63.5% of the total fatty acids, of which PUFAs of the n-6 family prevailed (46.5%), the amount of PUFAs of the n-3 family was 17%. Under conditions of fat load, the effect of the lipid complex of S. pallidum and the reference drug Omega-3 on the parameters of lipid metabolism and antioxidant protection in the blood plasma and liver of rats was studied. The fat load was carried out by feeding the animals for 30 days with a standard vivary diet with the addition of 2% cholesterol and 20% beef tallow of the total formulation. The addition of the S. pallidum lipid complex (1 g/kg of body weight) to the fat diet had a hypolipidemic effect, which manifested in the restoration of weight characteristics (body and specific liver’s weight), parameters of liver lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids), esterifying function of the liver, as well as the content of lipoproteins in the blood plasma. The combined action of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in the lipid complex of S. pallidum promoted the induction of enzymes of the glutathione circle, providing the antioxidant defense system of the organism. The lipid complex of the brown seaweed S. pallidum was not inferior to the reference preparation Omega-3 in restoration of lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system of animals on a high-fat diet, and even surpassed that in some parameters.
STUDY OF TECHNICAL CELLULOSE AS A MATRIX-SORBENT TO DEVELOP EXPRESS ANALYTIC SYSTEM FOR WATER SAFETY CONTROL
Authors: Maslakovа Tatiana , Vurasko Alesya , Pervova Inna , Maslakov Pavel , Aleshina Ludmila , Shapovalova Irina
Published: January 2022

The study presented by the authors is devoted to the study of the properties and the possibility of using technical cellulose from non-wood plant raw materials as a solid-phase matrix to obtain solid-phase reactive indicator systems by the following methods: synthesis method on the base of a hetarylformazane immobilized on a cellulose matrix and development of analytical systems based on preconcentration of the determined metal ion by a matrix with subsequent its «revealing» by the formazan («revealing» method).

The article focuses on determination of optimal combinations of chromogenic organic reagents (hetarylformazanes) and cellulose-based matrices for developing solid-phase reaction-based indicator systems. Adsorption features of formazan reagents onto cellulose matrices was studied. It has been established the relation between the reagent molecule structure, composition of cellulose matrix and analytical properties of the test-systems synthesized to determine metal ions. Different approaches were developed and applied to reveal the visually observable and easily measured effect due to cellulose properties as well as properties of hetarylformazanes fixed on the surface of the matrix. This fact allows to control sensitivity and selectivity of solid-phase reactive indicator systems for water quality assessment.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SULPHATE WASTE LIQUOR AFTER SOAP EXTRACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF SURFACTANTS
Authors: Yakubova Ol'ga Sergeyevna , Demyantseva Elena Yur'yevna , Smith Regina Smith
Published: January 2022

During the wood delignification a multicomponent spent liquor (black liquor) is formed. Depending on the type of wood, black liquor is enriched with valuable extractives. The isolation of extractives from processing liquors and their conversion into biologically active substances, tall products is according to development trend of pulp and paper industry. It includes the introduction of scientific based technologies in manufacturing processes with reference to modern environmental protection requirements. Now the extraction efficiency of sulphate soap does not exceed 75–80% whereby the quality of obtained soap is low. Sulphate soap, especially extracted after hardwood cooking, contains a large amount of impurities. This complicates the process of soap treatment into valuable biologically active substances (beta-sitosterol, etc.). 

In the present work the addition of demulsifying and coagulating substances into the black liquor is proposed to intensify the hardwood sulphate soap extraction. The chemical colloidal characteristics of the obtained sulphate soap were investigated. Two critical micelle concentration (CMC) were found on the surface tension isotherms. The second critical micelle concentration (CMC2) in the concentration range of 0.9–1.0% CMC2 indicates the restructuring of micelles into a spherocylindrical shape. A comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of sulfate soap obtained in industrial conditions and in the presence of selected additives in laboratory was carried out. Surfactants promote the extraction of phytosterol from black liquor obtained from hardwood species cooking. The influence of surfactant addition on the main physical and colloidal chemical characteristics of black liquor before and after isolation of sulphate soap is investigated. A decrease in viscosity and a de foaming of a black liquor solution is observed as a result of the addition of surfactant additives.
EXTRACTION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM KOENIGIA WEYRICHII USING DEEP EUTECTIC MIXTURE OF CHOLINE CHLORIDE + GLYCERINE
Authors: Tsvetov Nikita Sergeyevich , Korovkina Anna Viktorovna , Paukshta Oksana Ivanovna
Published: January 2022

Koenigia Weyrichii (F. Schmidt) T.M. Schust. et Reveal, which grows on the Kola Peninsula, contains a significant amount of flavonoids in the aerial parts of the plant, rapidly builds up biomass, and is resistant to various climatic conditions. This makes K. Weyrichii a promising source of biologically active substances (BAS) in the Arctic zone. A relatively new method for extracting biologically active substances from plants is the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES), for example, a mixture of choline chloride with glycerol, which has shown high efficiency in the extraction of flavonoids from other plants. Previously, DES was not used for the extraction of biologically active substances from K. Weyrichii. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasonic extraction using traditional solvents (water, ethanol) and DES choline chloride + glycerol and to optimize the extraction conditions. Comparison of the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidative, and antiradical activity in various extracts is carried out. It was found that the most favorable conditions for extraction are: water content in DES – 17.5 wt%, temperature – 65 °C, and time – 3 hours. At the same time, under identical extraction conditions (temperature and time), more target substances can be extracted with 60% ethanol than with DES. However, DES can be seen as an alternative to using ethanol. The data obtained can be useful for the further development of innovative technologies of the extraction of biologically active substances from plant material. Also, K. Weyrichii may be considered as a source of biologically active substances in cosmetics and the food industry.
INHIBITORY EFFICIENCY AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS FROM LEAVES AND JUICE OF ALOE ARBORESCENS Mill.
Authors: Smirnova Aleksandra Nikolayevna , Mazaletskaya Lidiya Ivanovna , Shvydkiy Vyacheslav Olegovich , Shishkina Lyudmila Nikolayevna
Published: January 2022

The composition of lipids isolated from leaves and juice of A. arborescens (7 years ago) and the inhibitory efficiency of lipids from leaves of A. arborescens were studied. The phospholipid (PL) fractions were divided by means of TLC method. The quantitative proportion of PL fractions was determined by spectrophotometrically. The more substantial differences in the composition of PL from leaves and juice of A. arcorescens are revealed in the proportion of the more poorly oxidizable fractions of PL. The more low relative content of PL in the total lipid composition from leaves compared with than in lipids from juice, and shares of sterols are the same for lipids from leaves and juice cause 16% diminution of the molar ratio of [sterols]/[PL] in lipids from juice of A. arborescens. Lipids from leaves are known to characterize the high inhibitory efficiency that is demonstrated by model of the low temperature autoxidation of methyl oleate in the thin layer. Using UV-spectroscopy and the mathematic analysis of spectra by Gauss method the presence of the biologically active substances which contain in lipids was analysed. There are only flavonoids in the chloroform solution of lipids from juice and flavonoids and carotenoids in the small quantity in the chloroform solution of lipids from the leaves of A. arborescens.
Geotechnical and microstructural properties of cement-treated laterites stabilized with rice husk ash and bamboo leaf ash
Authors: Nnochiri Emeka Segun , Ogundipe Olumide Moses , Ola Samuel Akinlabi
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the geotechnical and microstructural properties of cement-treated laterites stabilized with rice husk ash and bamboo leaf ash. In going about the tests, the soil sample was subjected to compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and preliminary tests; such as specific gravity, particle size distribution and Atterbergs limits to determine its index properties. Thereafter, the soil sample was mixed with cement at varying proportions of 0–12% at 2% intervals and also, separately mixed with bamboo leaf ash (BLA) and rice husk ash (RHA) in proportions of 0–16% at 2% intervals. The mixes at each stage were subjected to compaction, Atterberg limits and CBR tests. The highest values were 66.7% and 54.8% for unsoaked and soaked CBR at 6% cement+8% BLA and 78.5% and 63.8% for unsoaked and soaked CBR at 8% cement+8% RHA. Samples at these optimal CBR values were subjected into Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. Results showed that new compounds were formed and there were changes in the microstructural arrangements. It can therefore be concluded that pozzolanic and cement hydration reactions actually took place in the course of stabilization.
Water-air ejector with conical-cylindrical mixing chamber
Authors: Sliusenko Andrii , Ponomarenko Vitalii , Forostiuk Inna
Published: January 2022

In the paper, the hydrodynamics of the liquid-gas mixture in the mixing chamber of the ejectors at different spatial positions was analyzed and the comparative study of such ejectors was carried out. It was found that a more ordered mode of movement of the mixture in the mixing chamber is created as a result of the coincidence of the velocity vector of liquid drops and the direction of gravity in the vertical position of the ejectors. This leads to increasing the volume entrainment ratio almost twice. The analysis of the liquid-gas mixture flow in the mixing chamber, evaluation calculations and research allowed to develop and to patent a jet apparatus with a conical-cylindrical (combined) mixing chamber. It was also found that for such ejectors, the volume entrainment ratio is 15–55% higher than for a jet apparatus with a cylindrical mixing chamber due to the reduction of the resistance of the passive flow into the mixing chamber and prevention of the formation of reverse-circulating flows. A study has been conducted on liquid-gas ejectors in the range of the main geometric parameter m (ratio of the mixing chamber area to the nozzle area) 9.4–126.5, which allowed to establish its rational values at which the maximum volume entrainment ratio is achieved (m = 25–40).
Reducing the lateral displacement of lead rubber bearing isolators under the near field earthquakes by crosswise dissipaters connected to rigid support structure
Authors: Talebi Jouneghani Kourosh
Published: January 2022

The purpose of base isolation is to absorb earthquake energy, prolong the life of the structure, and enable the structure to be similar to a rigid body. However, since resonance can occur due to the closeness of the period of structures to the long period and large velocity pulses of the near field earthquakes, the stability of these buildings greatly reduces, and with the large displacement above isolation level, sometimes, tendency of overturning is created in isolators leading to their destruction. The main objective of this study is to significantly reduce the lateral displacement of base isolation subjected to near field earthquakes. In this research, seismic response calculation has been carried out for five steel moment frame structure with the 3, 5, 8, 11, and 14 stories in two states of with and without stiff core structure and energy dissipaters. The analyses has been done under fourteen scaled records of seven near-source and seven far-source earthquakes. It has been shown that the lateral displacement of base isolation system can be reduced by 87% for low-rise buildings, and 77% for high-rise buildings.
Understanding of Accounting and Gender on Financial Literation Levels
Authors: Iskhak Muhamad
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of understanding accounting and gender on the level of financial literacy of postgraduate students in the economic education program at Surabaya State University. This research uses a quantitative approach. The study showed that the level of financial literacy of postgraduate students of economic education courses at UNESA was 19.7% at the high level, 32.4% at the moderate level, and 47.9% at the low level. The level of financial literacy shows an average of 60.49, and the meaning is moderate. Accounting understanding shows an average of 70.28, and it means that the level of accounting understanding is moderate. The participation rate was 43.7% male and 56.3% female. The level of financial literacy of students in the female gender group was higher than male, female by 62.00 (62.00> 60) which means moderate, and male by 58.55 (58.55 <60) which means low. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that accounting understanding has a significant effect on the level of financial literacy of postgraduate students in economic education programs at UNESA. Meanwhile, gender has no significant effect.
Fundraising Waqf at Micro Waqf Banks in Realizing People's Welfare
Authors: Rahmatika Arivatu Ni'mati , Rini Silviana
Published: January 2022

Waqf has enormous potential in helping to realize the welfare of the people. Waqf is included in the category of muamalah teachings where the recommendation to implement it is sunnah. The realization of community welfare which is the main goal of waqf can be realized if waqf is managed in a productive way. Productive management of waqf funds certainly cannot be separated from the existence of waqf fundraising. This study aims to determine how waqf fundraising at Micro Waqf Banks. The type of research in this study used a qualitative type of research using descriptive methods. Sources of data needed to assist research obtained through primary and secondary data. The process of collecting data in this study was obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. Furthermore, data analysis is carried out through several stages which include data reduction, data presentation, and then drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the fundraising of waqf in the Micro Waqf Bank Bahrul Ulum Barokah Sejahtera Tambakberas Jombang was obtained from LAZNas (National Zakat Amil Institution) then the funds were managed and distributed productively by the Micro Waqf Bank in the form of business loans with a group system to the community around the pesantren.
The Determinant of Sharia Banking Performance through Financing to Deposit Ratio as Moderator
Authors: Rahmadila Ervina , Haryono Slamet
Published: January 2022

The most concern for investors in both bank and non-bank institutions is the quality of the accounting information provided. Financial statements are considered important because they can determine decisions for each investor. Supporting performance in this era of globalization is accounting information system. Sharia banking's good performance is supported by several factors including capital or operational ratios such as CAR, BOPO, and NPF. This study used pooled least square method with panel data in the period 2010 to 2018. The results showed that together the results showed that the variables NPF, CAR, BOPO have a positive and insignificant influence on ROA.
Fund Ownership of Sharia Banking According to Islamic Economic Political Perspective
Authors: Nurjaman Muhamad Izazi
Published: January 2022

The concept of ownership in Islamic economics states that individuals or legal entities that have the right to ownership of a property may use it freely as long as it does not violate Islamic economic principles and the public interest. However, for Islamic banking, the ownership of funds used as business capital comes from investor customers who deposit their funds in Islamic banks. This has an effect on the ownership status of these funds. This article uses a descriptive literature research method taken from various factual references with a focus on using a normative juridical approach. This type of research is qualitative research using data analysis through several steps such as focusing data, presenting funds and drawing conclusions. The results of this study reveal the fact that the ownership rights of funds in Islamic banking are sourced from the first party funds as the bank's founder, the second party funds as shareholders and third party funds as investor customers. Ownership of these funds cannot be separated from the contract mechanism used. So that the contract used is the cause of Islamic banks having ownership rights to use these assets for business activities. The use of these funds is guaranteed by law, which shows the role of Islamic economic politics through the legal umbrella that regulates the operational system of Islamic banking, especially in the permitting of the use of investor funds for business activities through the mechanism of channeling funds and service mechanisms.
The Law of Trading at the Mid of the Friday Praying
Authors: Muhdir Ibnu
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses the law of trading (buying and selling) at the time of Friday prayings. This discussion has not developed since classical scholars. Allah forbids buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings. The scholars are of the opinion that the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is haraam, because they always associate it with the law of Friday prayings. According to them, the law of Friday praying is obligatory. The author performs re-ijtihad against the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings. By using the ijtihad method bayāni, the author concludes that the prohibition on buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is only limited to the etiquette or ethics case. It is associated with the law of Friday prayings which according to the author, it is sunnah. For this reason, the author stipulates that the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is makruh (disliked).