bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Cell Culture Model for Inducible SARS-CoV-2 Replication
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Zhu Yuanfei , Wu Qiong , Jiang Nan , Xie Youhua , Deng Qiang
Published: May 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces direct cytopathic effects, complicating the establishment of low-cytotoxicity cell culture models for studying its replication. We initially developed a DNA vector-based replicon system utilizing the CMV promoter to generate a recombinant viral genome bearing reporter genes. However, this system frequently resulted in drug resistance and cytotoxicity, impeding model establishment. Herein, we present a novel cell culture model with SARS-CoV-2 replication induced by Cre/LoxP-mediated DNA recombination. An engineered SARS-CoV-2 transcription unit was subcloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vector. To enhance biosafety, the viral spike protein gene was deleted, and the nucleocapsid gene was replaced with a reporter gene. An exogenous sequence was inserted within NSP1 as a modulatory cassette that is removable after Cre/LoxP-mediated DNA recombination and subsequent RNA splicing. Using the PiggyBac transposon strategy, the transcription unit was integrated into host cell chromatin, yielding a stable cell line capable of inducing recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RNA replication. The model exhibited sensitivity to the potential antivirals forsythoside A and verteporfin. An innovative inducible SARS-CoV-2 replicon cell model was introduced to further explore the replication and pathogenesis of the virus and facilitate screening and assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
Immune-Escape Mutations Are Prevalent among Patients with a Coexistence of HBsAg and Anti-HBs in a Tertiary Liver Center in the United States
Authors: Ali Mukarram Jamat , Shah Pir Ahmed , Rehman Khalil Ur , Kaur Satinder , Holzmayer Vera , Cloherty Gavin A. , Kuhns Mary C. , Lau Daryl T. Y.
Published: May 2024

The concurrent seropositivity of HBsAg and anti-HBs has been described among patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but its prevalence is variable. HBV S-gene mutations can affect the antigenicity of HBsAg. Patients with mutations in the ‘α’ determinant region of the S gene can develop severe HBV reactivation under immunosuppression. In this study at a tertiary liver center in the United States, we evaluated the frequency and virological characteristics of the HBsAg mutations among CHB patients with the presence of both HBsAg and anti-HBs. In this cohort, 45 (2.1%) of 2178 patients were identified to have a coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs, and 24 had available sera for the genome analysis of the Pre-S1, Pre-S2, and S regions. The frequency of mutations in the S gene was significantly higher among those older than 50 years (mean 8.5 vs. 5.4 mutations per subject, p = 0.03). Twelve patients (50%) had mutations in the ‘α‘ determinant region of the S gene. Mutations at amino acid position 126 were most common in eight subjects. Three had a mutation at position 133. Only one patient had a mutation at position 145—the classic vaccine-escape mutation. Despite the universal HBV vaccination program, the vaccine-escape mutant is rare in our cohort of predominantly Asian patients.
Cell Culture Models for Hepatitis B and D Viruses Infection: Old Challenges, New Developments and Future Strategies
Authors: Carpentier Arnaud
Published: May 2024

Chronic Hepatitis B and D Virus (HBV and HDV) co-infection is responsible for the most severe form of viral Hepatitis, the Hepatitis Delta. Despite an efficient vaccine against HBV, the HBV/HDV infection remains a global health burden. Notably, no efficient curative treatment exists against any of these viruses. While physiologically distinct, HBV and HDV life cycles are closely linked. HDV is a deficient virus that relies on HBV to fulfil is viral cycle. As a result, the cellular response to HDV also influences HBV replication. In vitro studying of HBV and HDV infection and co-infection rely on various cell culture models that differ greatly in terms of biological relevance and amenability to classical virology experiments. Here, we review the various cell culture models available to scientists to decipher HBV and HDV virology and host–pathogen interactions. We discuss their relevance and how they may help address the remaining questions, with one objective in mind: the development of new therapeutic approaches allowing viral clearance in patients.
Low-Level Viremia among Adults Living with HIV on Dolutegravir-Based First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Is a Predictor of Virological Failure in Botswana
Authors: Bareng Ontlametse T. , Moyo Sikhulile , Mudanga Mbatshi , Sebina Kagiso , Koofhethile Catherine K. , Choga Wonderful T. , Moraka Natasha O. , Maruapula Dorcas , Gobe Irene , Motswaledi Modisa S. , Musonda Rosemary , Nkomo Bornapate , Ramaabya Dinah , Chebani Tony , Makuruetsa Penny , Makhema Joseph , Shapiro Roger , Lockman Shahin , Gaseitsiwe Simani
Published: May 2024

We evaluated subsequent virologic outcomes in individuals experiencing low-level virem ia (LLV) on dolutegravir (DTG)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Botswana. We used a national dataset from 50,742 adults who initiated on DTG-based first-line ART from June 2016–December 2022. Individuals with at least two viral load (VL) measurements post three months on DTG-based first-line ART were evaluated for first and subsequent episodes of LLV (VL:51–999 copies/mL). LLV was sub-categorized as low-LLV (51–200 copies/mL), medium-LLV (201–400 copies/mL) and high-LLV (401–999 copies/mL). The study outcome was virologic failure (VF) (VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL): virologic non-suppression defined as single-VF and confirmed-VF defined as two-consecutive VF measurements after an initial VL < 1000 copies/mL. Cox regression analysis identified predictive factors of subsequent VF. The prevalence of LLV was only statistically different at timepoints >6–12 (2.8%) and >12–24 (3.9%) (p-value < 0.01). LLV was strongly associated with both virologic non-suppression (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 2.6; 95% CI: 2.2–3.3, p-value ≤ 0.001) and confirmed VF (aHR = 2.5; 95% CI: 2.4–2.7, p-value ≤ 0.001) compared to initially virally suppressed PLWH. High-LLV (HR = 3.3; 95% CI: 2.9–3.6) and persistent-LLV (HR = 6.6; 95% CI: 4.9–8.9) were associated with an increased hazard for virologic non-suppression than low-LLV and a single-LLV episode, respectively. In a national cohort of PLWH on DTG-based first-line ART, LLV > 400 copies/mL and persistent-LLV had a stronger association with VF. Frequent VL testing and adherence support are warranted for individuals with VL > 50 copies/mL.
Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing of Anelloviruses
Authors: Anantharam Raghavendran , Duchen Dylan , Cox Andrea L. , Timp Winston , Thomas David L. , Clipman Steven J. , Kandathil Abraham J.
Published: May 2024

Routinely used metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) techniques often fail to detect low-level viremia (<104 copies/mL) and appear biased towards viruses with linear genomes. These limitations hinder the capacity to comprehensively characterize viral infections, such as those attributed to the Anelloviridae family. These near ubiquitous non-pathogenic components of the human virome have circular single-stranded DNA genomes that vary in size from 2.0 to 3.9 kb and exhibit high genetic diversity. Hence, species identification using short reads can be challenging. Here, we introduce a rolling circle amplification (RCA)-based metagenomic sequencing protocol tailored for circular single-stranded DNA genomes, utilizing the long-read Oxford Nanopore platform. The approach was assessed by sequencing anelloviruses in plasma drawn from people who inject drugs (PWID) in two geographically distinct cohorts. We detail the methodological adjustments implemented to overcome difficulties inherent in sequencing circular genomes and describe a computational pipeline focused on anellovirus detection. We assessed our protocol across various sample dilutions and successfully differentiated anellovirus sequences in conditions simulating mixed infections. This method provides a robust framework for the comprehensive characterization of circular viruses within the human virome using the Oxford Nanopore.
Methods for Constructing a Refined Early-Warning Model for Rainstorm-Induced Waterlogging in Historic and Cultural Districts
Authors: Wu Jing , Li Junqi , Wang Xiufang , Xu Lei , Li Yuanqing , Li Jing , Zhang Yao , Xie Tianchen
Published: May 2024

Against the backdrop of increasingly severe global climate change, the risk of rainstorm-induced waterlogging has become the primary threat to the safety of historic and cultural districts worldwide. This paper focuses on the historic and cultural districts of Beijing, China, and explores techniques and methods for identifying extreme rainstorm warnings in cultural heritage areas. Refined warning and forecasting have become important non-engineering measures to enhance these districts’ waterlogging prevention control and emergency management capabilities. This paper constructs a rainstorm-induced waterlogging risk warning model tailored for Beijing’s historical and cultural districts. This model system encompasses three sets of models: a building waterlogging early-warning model, a road waterlogging early-warning model, and a public evacuation early-warning model. During the construction of the model, the core concepts and determination methods of “1 h rainfall intensity water logging index” and “the waterlogging risk index in historical and cultural districts” were proposed. The construction and application of the three models take into full account the correlation between rainfall intensity and rainwater accumulation, while incorporating the characteristics of flood resilience in buildings, roads, and the society in districts. This allows for a precise grading of warning levels, leading to the formulation of corresponding warning response measures. Empirical tests have shown that the construction method proposed in this paper is reliable. The innovative results not only provide a new perspective and method for the early-warning of rainstorm-induced waterlogging, but also offer scientific support for emergency planning and response in historical and cultural districts.
Numerical Study on the Formation Mechanism of Plume Bulge in the Pearl River Estuary under the Influence of River Discharge
Authors: Zhao Chenyu , Wang Nan , Ding Yang , Song Dehai , Li Junmin , Li Mengqi , Zhou Lingling , Yu Hang , Chen Yanyu , Bao Xianwen
Published: May 2024

Previous studies have investigated the characteristics and influencing factors of plume bulge in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) using observations and numerical simulations. However, the understanding of how river discharge affects plume bulge is not consistent, and the response mechanism of plume bulge to changes in river discharge has not been revealed in detail. In this study, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) is constructed, and five experiments were set to characterize the horizontal and vertical distribution of the plume bulge outside the PRE under different river discharge conditions during spring tide. The physical mechanisms of plume bulge generation and its response mechanisms to river discharge were discussed through standardized analysis and momentum diagnostic analysis. The results indicate that the plume bulge is sensitive to changes in river discharge. When the river discharge is relatively low (e.g., less than 11,720 m3/s observed in the dry season), the bulge cannot be formed. Conversely, when the river discharge is relatively high (e.g., exceeding 23,440 m3/s observed in flood season), the bulge is more significant. The plume bulge is formed by the anticyclonic flow resulting from the action of the Coriolis force on the strongly mixed river plume. The bulge remains stable under the combined effects of barotropic force, baroclinic gradient force, and Coriolis force. The reduction of river discharge weakens the mixing of freshwater and seawater, resulting in the reduction of both the volume and momentum of the river plume, and the balance between advective diffusion and Coriolis forces are altered, resulting in the plume, which is originally flushed out from the Lantau Channel, not being able to maintain the anticyclonic structure and instead floating out along the coast of the western side of the PRE, with the disappearance of the plume bulge. Due to the significant influence of plume bulges on the physical and biogeochemical interactions between estuaries and terrestrial environments, studying the physical mechanisms behind the formation of plume bulges is crucial.
Comprehensive Profiling of Klebsiella in Surface Waters from Northern Portugal: Understanding Patterns in Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Biofilm Formation
Authors: Araújo Sara , Silva Vanessa , de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius Maria , Pereira José Eduardo , Martins Ângela , Igrejas Gilberto , Poeta Patricia
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the prevalence of resistance and virulence genes in Klebsiella isolates from surface waters in Northern Portugal, within the broader context of freshwater quality challenges in Southern Europe. The aim of this research is to explain how Klebsiella dynamics, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation interact in surface waters. Antimicrobial susceptibility was examined using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against 11 antibiotics and screening for Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production using the double-disk synergy. PCR was employed to detect resistance and virulence genes, while biofilm production was assessed using the microplate method. Out of 77 water isolates, 33 Klebsiella (14 Klebsiella spp. and 19 K. pneumoniae strains) were isolated. ESBL production was observed in 36.8% of K. pneumoniae and 28.6% of Klebsiella spp. High resistance rates to blaCTX-U were observed in both. The papC gene was prevalent, signifying potential environmental risks. Biofilm production averaged 81.3% for K. pneumoniae and 86.9% for Klebsiella spp. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between Klebsiella’s dynamics and freshwater quality, with ESBL’s prevalence raising concerns about waterborne dissemination and public health implications. This work supports the need for vigilance of Klebsiella in surface waters in Southern Europe.
Improving Irrigation Management of Cotton with Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Texas High Plains
Authors: Risal Avay , Niu Haoyu , Landivar-Scott Jose Luis , Maeda Murilo M. , Bednarz Craig W. , Landivar-Bowles Juan , Duffield Nick , Payton Paxton , Pal Pankaj , Lascano Robert J. , Goebel Timothy , Bhandari Mahendra
Published: May 2024

The rapid decline in water availability for irrigation on the Texas High Plains (THP) is a significant problem affecting crop production and the viability of a large regional economy worth approximately USD 7 billion annually. This region is the largest continuous cotton-producing area in the United States, and the timely delivery and efficient use of irrigation water are critical to the sustainability and profitability of cotton production in this region. Current irrigation scheduling must be improved to reduce water consumption without compromising crop production. Presently, irrigation scheduling based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is limited due to the lack of reliable and readily available in-field weather data and updated crop coefficients. Additionally, in-field variability in crop water demand is often overlooked, leading to lower irrigation efficiency. To address these challenges, we explored the potential use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based crop monitoring system to support irrigation management decisions. This study was conducted in Lubbock, Texas, in 2022, where high temporal and spatial resolution images were acquired using a UAV from a cotton field experiment with four irrigation levels. Soil moisture and canopy temperature sensors were deployed to monitor crop response to irrigation and rainfall. The results indicated a significant effect of water stress on crop growth (revealed by UAV-based canopy cover (CC) measurements), yield, and fiber quality. Strong correlations between multi-temporal CC and lint yield (R2 = 0.68 to 0.88) emphasized a clear trend: rainfed treatments with lower yields exhibited reduced CC, while irrigated plots with higher CC displayed increased yields. Furthermore, irrigated plots produced more mature and uniform fibers. This study also explored various evapotranspiration calculation approaches indicating that site-specific CC measurements obtained from a UAV could significantly reduce irrigation application. A regression model linking evapotranspiration to canopy cover demonstrated promising potential for estimating water demand in crops with an R2 as high as 0.68. The findings highlight the efficacy of UAV-based canopy features in assessing drought effects and managing irrigation water in water-limited production regions like the THP.
Developing a Bankruptcy Theory to Resolve Stakeholders’ Conflict over Optimal Water Allocation: The Case of Hirmand Catchment
Authors: Shahraki Ali Sardar , Singh Vijay P. , Bazrafshan Ommolbanin
Published: May 2024

The growing increase in demand for water and the lack of balance between water supply and demand have led to conflicts among the downstream stakeholders of the international Hirmand River. This river is shared between Iran and Afghanistan and is located in the southeast of Iran, in the Sistan region. The Vardkhaneh is divided into two branches, Parian and Sistan, and it is the only main source of water in the Sistan region of Iran. The inner part of Hirmand catchment is considered bankrupt concerning its water resources, so there is a need to take the current status and resulting issues into account in order to resolve conflicts. In Hirmand catchment, four different games of bankruptcy theory, namely proportional (Pr), adjusted proportional (AP), constrained equal award (CEA), and constrained equal losses (CEL), were developed as optimization models based on genetic algorithms. For this purpose, the catchment was simulated with 26 scenarios using the WEAP 2022 version software for an average time period. The results of the bankruptcy game modeling showed that water could be effectively allocated to resolve conflicts among stakeholders. It is therefore recommended to use such a model to resolve fights and optimally allocate resources, even in bankrupt catchments.
The Influence of Parental Communication about Sex on Subsequent Sexual Behaviors and Attitudes among Asian, Latino, and White Young Adults
Authors: Cabral Patricia , Minassians Lara A. , Friedman Eli , Campbell Ches , Schmit Carolyn
Published: May 2024

Background: The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among young adults aged 18 to 25 in the U.S. is particularly high. Parental communication about sex is crucial in reducing sexual risk behaviors among this group. Due to cultural taboos about sex among Asian and Latino families, little is known about parental sex communication’s prevalence among these groups and its impact on young adults’ sexual behaviors and attitudes. Methods: This study aimed to explore the association between parental sex communication, attitudes toward sex communication, and sexual behaviors among Asian, Latino, and White young adults. A sample of 205 young adults, including 63 Asian, 48 Latino, and 94 non-Hispanic White young adults (Age M = 20.04, SD = 1.22; 68% females; 70% sexually active), completed an online survey. Results: Asian young adults reported significantly lower rates of parental sex communication (39.7%) compared to Latino (69.6%) and White young adults (67.7%) (χ2 = 14.07, df = 2, p < 0.001). Parental sex communication predicted viewing sexual topics as cultural taboos among Latino young adults (p < 0.05), subsequently predicting sexual risk behaviors like having multiple partners (β = −4.05, SE = 1.45, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Asian participants’ attitudes and sexual risk behaviors may be influenced by factors beyond familial discussions due to the lack of parental sex communication. Conversely, parental discussions among Latino participants negatively impact attitudes and behaviors related to sexual risk. Strategies for reducing sexual risk behaviors should guide parents in navigating sensitive discussions, especially within Asian and Latino families where such topics are taboo.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI NILAI PERUSAHAAN DIMODERASI PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Prihatinisah Prihatinisah , Syahzuni Barlia Annis
Published: May 2024

Using the food and beverage sub-sector industry listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period, this study aims to look at the factors that can affect company value by moderating profitability. Company size, leverage, and sales growth are used as independent variables, company value is used as dependent variable, and profitability is used as a moderator. This research uses twenty companies as the population and sixty company data as research samples. The test results of this study show that company value is significantly affected by company size in a negative way, while leverage and sales growth have not been able to significantly affect company value, and profitability can’t strengthen or not moderate the relationship between company size, leverage, and sales growth to company value.
Familial Mediterranean fever in two brothers aged seven and five years old
Authors: Heydarizadeh Hedayat , Moradi Mohammad , Zare Mojtaba , Tahmasebi Ghorabi Samaneh , Hosseini Seyed Hossein
Published: May 2024

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disease characterized by fever and intermittent abdominal pain. Due to amyloid deposits in the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract, untreated FMF can lead to severe complications such as end-stage renal disease and malabsorption. The present study reports two brothers aged seven and five years, who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and anorexia. Based on their clinical history and ruling out other possible diagnoses, FMF was definitively diagnosed, and both patients underwent colchicine treatment.
THE STATUS OF ACCESSING TO INFORMATION ON GENDER EQUALITY IN ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITIES IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Authors: Giang Bùi Thị Hương , Điền Trần Văn , Thọ Nguyễn Hữu , Chi Nguyễn Thị Thùy , Huy Đặng Quang , Yến Nguyễn Thị Hải , Quỳnh Vũ Thị
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá thực trạng tiếp cận thông tin về vấn đề  bình đẳng giới ở vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên; từ đó đề xuất các giải pháp góp phần nâng cao nhận thức của người dân về vấn đề này. Bên cạnh việc thu thập số liệu thứ cấp từ các nguồn báo cáo khác nhau, nghiên cứu chủ yếu sử dụng phương pháp thu thập số liệu sơ cấp bằng việc phát phiếu câu hỏi điều tra và tiến hành thảo luận nhóm. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các phương thức nhằm giúp người dân tiếp cận vấn đề bình đẳng giới đã được triển khai sâu rộng ở nhiều đối tượng với nhiều nội dung và hình thức khác nhau. Nhờ đó, nội dung về thực hiện bình đẳng giới tại các vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên đã và đang mang lại hiệu quả thiết thực, góp phần từng bước nâng cao đời sống kinh tế - xã hội của nhân dân. Nghiên cứu này là cơ sở bước đầu để các cấp chính quyền đưa ra những chính sách và kế hoạch cụ thể, góp phần thúc đẩy bình đẳng giới tại các vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên trong thời gian tới.
BIỆN PHÁP NÂNG CAO HỨNG THÚ HỌC TẬP MÔN GIÁO DỤC THỂ CHẤT CHO SINH VIÊN KHỐI KHÔNG CHUYÊN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM – ĐẠI HỌC THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Nhạc Nguyễn , Phách Mã Thiêm , Ánh Nguyễn Huy , Nhi Lê Dung , Trường Nguyễn Xuân
Published: May 2024

Việc hình thành hứng thú học tập môn Giáo dục thể chất cho sinh viên sẽ góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giảng dạy, góp phần tăng thêm lòng yêu thích, cũng như trách nhiệm của sinh viên đối với việc rèn luyện sức khỏe của bản thân. Trên cơ sở nghiên cứu các vần đề về lý luận, bài báo nhằm đánh giá thực trạng hứng thú học tập của sinh viên khối không chuyên đối với môn học Giáo dục thể chất trong Trường Đại học Sư phạm - Đại học Thái Nguyên. Nội dung nghiên cứu thông qua 04 phương pháp sau: phương pháp điều tra, phương pháp phỏng vấn, phương pháp quan sát sư phạm và phương pháp toán học thống kê. Để nâng cao hứng thú học tập môn Giáo dục thể chất khối cho sinh viên khối không chuyên Trường Đại học Sư phạm - Đại học Thái Nguyên, từ việc nghiên cứu đánh giá các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hứng thú học tập của sinh viên khối không chuyên đối với môn học Giáo dục thể chất, tác giả đã đề xuất được 06 biện pháp nhằm nâng cao hứng thú học tập môn học Giáo dục thể chất cho sinh viên trong nhà toàn nhà trường nói chung và SV khối không chuyên nói riêng.
Congenital Pneumonia: Modern View
Authors: Устинович Ю.А. , Ломская И.В. , Лемешко Ю.И. , Белкин А.М. , Петрученя А.В.
Published: May 2024

Неонатальные пневмонии занимают значимое место в структуре заболеваемости и смертности новорожденных. Особую опасность среди них представляют врожденные пневмонии с ранней манифестацией. Успех лечения таких пациентов зависит от своевременной диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики заболевания. Традиционная рентгенологическая диагностика является «золотым стандартом». В дополнение к ней активно исследуются и внедряются в практику лабораторные маркеры пневмонии, такие как тромбоцитарные индексы, соотношение С-реактивного белка и альбумина, прокальцитонин и другие. Данные тесты также важны для контроля за эффективностью проводимого лечения. Важное место в лечении занимают вопросы ухода за пациентом и профилактики контаминации госпитальной флорой.

Neonatal pneumonias occupy a significant place in the structure of morbidity and mortality of newborns. Of particular danger among them are congenital pneumonia with early manifestation. The success of treatment of such patients depends on timely diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease. Traditional x-ray diagnostics is the "gold standard". In addition to it, laboratory markers of pneumonia, such as platelet indices, the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin, procalcitonin and others, are being actively researched and put into practice. These tests are also important for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. An important place in treatment is occupied by the issues of patient care and prevention of contamination by hospital flora.
INFLUENCE OF DISPLACEMENT OF EXTRACENTRIC LIQUATION INHOMOGENEITY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LARGE-SIZED PRODUCTS MADE OF ALLOY STRUCTURAL STEEL
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, SHELUKHINA YU.M. , RUTSKIY D.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, ZYUBAN N.A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, MOLOKANOVA YA.YU. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: May 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of extracentric liquation inhomogeneity on the mechanical properties of the forged billet of the rotary shaft of 38CrNi3MoV steel. Changing the forging mode with subsequent heat treatment affected the classical location of the extracentric liquation. The displacement of the off-center liquor led to the formation of cracks and their exit to the forging surface. Mechanical tests of samples from the defective zone showed a decrease in plastic and viscous properties by 30-47.6%.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING LEAD-ANTIMONY ALLOYS FROM THE ELECTROEROSION CHARGE OBTAINED FROM THE WASTE OF THE SSU3 ALLOY
Authors:   South-West State University, AGEEVA E.V. , KOROLEV M.S. ,   South-West State University, PEREVERZEV A.S. ,   South-West State University
Published: May 2024

The results of optimization of the process of obtaining lead-antimony alloys by the method of SPS synthesis from an electroerosion charge made from waste of the SSu3 alloy in distilled water and in lighting kerosene are presented. Optimization of the process of obtaining lead-antimony alloys was carried out according to the microhardness parameter. Carrying out the planned measures will allow to obtain optimal microhardness parameters of lead-antimony alloys and thereby expand the scope of their further use.
DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES TO REDUCE DEFECTS IN THE CASTING "RADIATOR HEATING"
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, GREBNEV YU.V. , ZHARKOVA V.F. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, FOMICHENKO M.YU. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, GREBNEV D.YU. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, KISELEV K.S. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: May 2024

The reasons for the appearance of defects in the casting of the “Heating Radiator” were investigated and recommendations were made to eliminate their appearance.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR VERIFICATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL ACCURACY OF AUTOMATIC CASTING LINE
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, KARPOVA E.YU. , GABELCHENKO N.I. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, KRYUCHKOV V.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: May 2024

Based on the analysis, a method of periodic control of the technological accuracy of the automatic foundry line and its equipment has been developed, as well as technical measures have been assigned to restore the technological accuracy of the automatic line operating in production.
Notas sobre Pedro de Axular: autor del Guero
Authors: Aguirre Gaztambide Juan
Published: May 2024

.
Materiales para un estudio comparativo del vascuence de Elcano, Puente la Reina, Olza y Goñi
Authors: Ondarra Francisco
Published: May 2024

.
MetaMate: Large Language Model to the Rescue of Automated Data Extraction for Educational Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
Authors: Wang Xue , Luo Gaoxiang
Published: May 2024

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are crucial for synthesizing evidence but are time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially during data extraction. To address this challenge, we developed MetaMate, an open-access web-based tool leveraging large language models (LLMs) for automated data extraction in educational systematic reviews and meta-analyses. MetaMate utilizes a hierarchical schema and divide-and-conquer approach in its extraction chain, and a from-global-to-local lens and example retriever in its verification chain. We evaluated MetaMate’s performance on 32 empirical studies, extracting 20 data elements related to participants and interventions. MetaMate achieved high precision, recall, and F1 scores, with performance comparable to human coders when benchmarked against an expert-defined gold standard. Notably, MetaMate demonstrated advanced mathematical reasoning and semantic comprehension, surpassing keyword-based approaches and avoiding common human errors. As the first LLM-powered data extraction tool designed specifically for educational research, MetaMate has the potential to significantly streamline the systematic review process and reduce time and effort for researchers. MetaMate is available at https://metamate.streamlit.app.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНЕ КРАЄЗНАВСТВО ЯК МІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНЕ НАУКОВЕ ЗНАННЯ
Authors: Коляда Наталія
Published: May 2024

The article reveals the peculiarities and prospects for the development of pedagogical regional studies as interdisciplinary scientific knowledge and a multidimensional phenomenon of education, culture, and science.
It was established that in the conditions of modern social changes, the need for the crystallization of national identity as the basis of Ukrainian statehood, the historical and cultural approach plays an important role in the training of future specialists – citizens of Ukraine.
Among the modern trends in the development of Ukrainian education and pedagogy is the actualization of regional research, which is manifested in the appeal of scientists to various aspects of pedagogical local history, microhistory, etc. The regional approach is based on highlighting the patterns of development of national education and pedagogical thought on little-known, unique regional materials.
One of the aspects of such a regional approach is the subject of research in pedagogical regional studies – interdisciplinary knowledge about the peculiarities of the development of education, science, pedagogical thought, the culture of the region, the study, preservation and creative use of regional pedagogical experience in the theory and practice of modern educational institutions, scientific institutions, institutions of the social sphere .
The authors analyzed the experience of the Scientific and Research Center of Pedagogical Local Studies operating at the Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University.
In 2022, with the aim of updating regional scientific problems, studying little-known pages of pedagogical local history, scientists of the Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University launched a new research project – «Education, schooling and pedagogical thought of Cherkasy region». The purpose of the project is to present to the public the achievements of Ukrainian and foreign pedagogical science and of education, consolidating biographical and bibliographic information about teachers, educators, teachers in the form of an informational and bibliographic electronic resource «Pedagogical Cherkasy» and a popular science reference book.
It has been established that the relevance of regional scientific issues is enhanced by the multidimensionality and interdisciplinary nature of pedagogical regional studies as a pedagogical, historical, and social phenomenon that requires a thorough study in order to present it representatively in the modern interdisciplinary historical and cultural discourse – educational, social-pedagogical, historical-pedagogical, etc.
Síndrome de Sjögren: um Diagnóstico Diferencial de Polirradiculopatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica
Authors: Heros Aureliano Antunes da Silva Maia  , Gabriela Afonso Pereira  , José César Batista Filho  , Viviane Machicado Cavalcante
Published: May 2024

A Síndrome de Sjögren é uma doença autoimune caracterizada pelo acometimento das glândulas exócrinas e está relacionada à síndrome seca e diversas manifestações sistêmicas, dentre elas alterações neurológicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente com história de polineuropatia crônica, cuja investigação permitiu identificar achados compatíveis com o diagnóstico de Síndrome de Sjögren.Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Sjögren; Polirradiculoneuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica; Pulsoterapia.
Sjögren’s Syndrome is na autoimmune disease characterized by involvement of the exocrine glands and is related to dry syndrome and several systemic manifestations, including neurological changes. (1) This work aims to report the case of a patient with a history of chronic polyneuropathy, whose investigation allowed the identification of findings compatible with the diagnosis of Sjögren's Syndrome.Keywords: Sjögren's Syndrome; Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy; Pulse Therapy.
Utilização da Pronação no Paciente em Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva com COVID-19: Revisão Narrativa
Authors: Andressa Evelly Freitas de Santana  , Camila Santos de Oliveira  , Diego Dias da Silva  , João Nando Araujo da Silva  , Keiko Takaoka Sode Cavalcante  , Larissa de Araujo Benjoino  , Silvana Monteiro Almeida
Published: May 2024

Introdução: no final de 2019, a cidade de Wuhan, na província de Hubei, China, iniciou-se um surto gripal na população, progredindo para uma insuficiência respiratória aguda, esse vírus passou a ser denominado como SARS-CoV-2. Em março de 2020, devido a alta taxa de transmissão e mortalidade, foi decretada a pandemia ocasionada pelo COVID-19. Objetivo: esse estudo tem por objetivo analisar as evidências científicas sobre o uso da posição prona (PP) em pacientes em ventilação mecânica invasiva com COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: a revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa, utiliza materiais encontrados em banco de dados como Pubmed, SciELO e BIREME, no período de Agosto e Outubro de 2023. Resultados: a busca bibliográfica resultou em 92 artigos, subdivididos nas seguintes bases: Pubmed (46), Scielo (29) e BVS (17), nos idiomas espanhol, inglês e português. Conclusão: a pronação é uma técnica coadjuvante no manejo do paciente que encontra-se em ventilação mecânica invasiva secundária à COVID -19, sendo na maioria dos casos importante na melhora da PaO2/FIO2, mas não é um fator determinante na redução da mortalidade, pois trata-se de uma doença multissistêmica.
KONTRIBUSI ISTRI NELAYAN JUBI TERHADAP EKONOMI KELUARGA DI KELURAHAN BATULUBANG KECAMATAN LEMBEH SELATAN KOTA BITUNG
Authors: Hamel Josua Amy , Longdong Florence V. , Kotambunan Olvie V. , Andaki Jardie A. , Dien Christian R. , Tambani Grace O.
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of income and source of income from the wife of a nelayan jubi” in Batulubang Village. This type of research is descriptive with a sampling method of data collection. The respondent was the wife of a nelayan jubi” who contributed to the family. The data was taken from 16 respondents who were fishermen's wives who had side jobs other than being housewives. The sampling method chosen is purposive sampling with its limitations. Has the age of under 60 years and as a fisherman's wife has been running a business for more than 1 year and the husband's length of time as a jubi fisherman is not less than 3 years.
Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the work of the wife of a “nelayan jubi” in Batulubang Village, South Lembeh District, Bitung City, is a business selling garden products, a business selling credit, a fish seller business, a food stall business, a beverage selling business, a housekeeper, a sound system business and a stall business. The average contribution of jubi fishermen's wife's income to the family economy is 18.81% of the total family income of Rp5,015,750 per month.
 Keywords: contribution; fisherman's wife; “nelayan jubi”
 
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan dan sumber pendapatan dari istri nelayan jubi di Kelurahan Batulubang. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data secara sampling. Responden merupakan istri nelayan jubi yang memberi kontribusi terhadap keluarga. Data diambil dari 16 responden yang merupakan istri nelayan yang memiliki pekerjaan sampingan selain menjadi ibu rumah tangga. Metode sampling yang dipilih adalah purposive sampling dengan batasannya. Memiliki umur dibawah 60 tahun dan sebagai istri nelayan telah menjalankan usaha lebih dari 1 tahun dan lama suami menjadi nelayan jubi tidak kurang dari 3 tahun.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pekerjaan istri nelayan jubi di Kelurahan Batulubang Kecamatan Lembeh Selatan Kota Bitung yaitu usaha jual hasil kebun, usaha jual pulsa, usaha penjual ikan, usaha warung makan, usaha jualan minuman, pembantu rumah tangga, usaha sound system dan usaha warung. Rata-rata kontribusi pendapatan istri nelayan jubi terhadap ekonomi keluarga sebesar 18,81% dari total pendapatan keluarga yang sebesar Rp5.015.750 per bulan.
Kata Kunci: kontribusi; istri nelayan; nelayan jubi
MICROBIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE ROOT ZONE OF SUNFLOWER UNDER THE ACTION OF BACILLUS SP. 2473 AND DIFFERENT DEGREES OF CROP FERTILIZATION
Authors: Tokmakova L. M. , Trepach А. О. , Pyshchur І. M.
Published: May 2024

Objective. To study the peculiarities of the microbiological transformation of phosphorus compounds in the root zone of sunflower plants under the action of Bacillus sp. 2473 and different degrees of crop fertilization. Methods. Field experiment; microbiological (accounting for bacteria capable of dissolving insoluble phosphate complexes with Ca2+, Al3+, Fe3+ and hydrolysing organic phosphates in the rhizosphere soil of sunflower plants); biochemical (determination of soil phosphatase activity); chemical (determination of phosphorus content in soil and plants); statistical. Results. Under the conditions of the field experiment on leached chornozem, it was established that during the growing season of sunflower in the soil after the introduction of Bacillus sp. 2473 into the agrocenosis, the number of bacteria capable of dissolving insoluble complexes of phosphates with Ca2+, Al3+, Fe3+ and bacteria hydrolysing organic forms of phosphates increases compared to the indicators of the control variants. Phosphatase activity increases during the growing season of plants and reaches the highest values during the seed ripening phase. The lowest levels of phosphorus content in the rhizosphere soil of sunflower plants were registered after presowing inoculation with Bacillus sp. 2473. The content of Р2О5 decreased from 0.25 mg Р2О5/dm3 of the soil solution (in the control) to 0.21 mg Р2О5/dm3 in the phase of 7–8 leaves under the action of the inoculant; from 0.42 mg Р2О5/dm3 to 0.31 mg Р2О5/dm3 in the flowering phase; from 0.24 mg Р2О5/dm3 to 0.21 mg Р2О5/dm3 in the seed ripening phase, respectively, which indicates the strengthening of phosphorus assimilation by bacterized plants. The optimal agricultural background, taking into account the effect of fertilizers on the development of phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms, is the use of mineral fertilizers in a rate not exceeding N90P90K90. Conclusion. Under the influence of the phosphate-mobilizing bacterium Bacillus sp. 2473, the processes of phosphorus transformation are activated in the root zone of sunflower plants, which is indicated by an increase in the number of phosphate-mobilizing bacteria, phosphatase activity and the degree of phosphate mobility in the rhizosphere soil of plants. As a result, the assimilation of phosphorus by plants is enhanced, which is confirmed by the increase in its removal with crop yield from 47.3 kg/ha to 74.8 kg/ha, while the efficiency of phosphorus nutrition of plants is 53.8 % (against the background of N90P90K90).
‘AMALIYYAH TA’LIM AL SHARF FĪ AL SHAF AL AWWAL FĪ AL MADRASAH AL TARBIYAH AL ISLĀMIYYAH GONDONG
Authors: Kamaluddin Kamaluddin , Marlion Ferki Ahmad , Salam Muhammad Yusuf , Amelia Amelia
Published: May 2024

This research analyzes the process of teaching morphology in the first grade at the Islamic Education School, Gondong. The School of Islamic Education, Gendonk, is one of the Islamic schools that teaches morphology. As we have seen, many of the graduates of the Islamic School of Geendunk are skilled at reading Arabic language books. Its causes are understood from the science of morphology and grammar. The end of this research is the process of teaching the grammatical teacher, not using various means and methods in all teaching morphology. The method used by the researcher in this research is the descriptive method using qualitative approaches, and the method of collecting data using qualitative descriptive methods and using observation and interview methods. As for the result of the research, all students own the blackboard themselves. Its goal is that if the students did not understand a subject in pure science, they would write on that blackboar and the teacher uses various specific methods in the process of teaching morphology, such as movies and morphology, then the card method.
Research on Korean Translation Methods of “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” Allusions
Authors:   The Society For Chinese Humanities In Korea, Tang Ying-cong
Published: May 2024

As exchanges between nations become increasingly frequent, the importance of external promotion becomes apparent. In order to conduct effective external promotion, the role of translation is crucial. In this study, we focused on analyzing the translation of Xi Jinping's statements, speeches, lectures, directives, and letters, collected in “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” a work that compiles his discourses. The research aimed to examine how these texts were translated into Korean, resulting in the following conclusions. First, the discourses in “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” were categorized into three types: poetry, proverbs, and idioms. Secondly, when translating poetry, the translator mainly employed literal translation, free translation, literal translation with structural transformation, and literal translation with Chinese characters representation. When translating proverbs, the methods mainly included literal translation, literal translation with addition, and adaptation. In the case of idioms, the translator used literal translation, free translation, adaptation, Chinese Characters for Chinese Characters translation with Chinese characters representation, Chinese Characters for Chinese Characters translation with Chinese characters representation and explanation, as well as adaptation with Chinese characters representation. Thirdly, during the analysis of the translated text, it was observed that a single expression manifested in various translation patterns. This is seen as a result of the translator adhering to the principle of fidelity while simultaneously taking into account the surrounding context and the perspective of the reader. Fourthly, during the analysis of the translated text, inappropriate expressions were identified. Opinions for revisions were also provided. Through this research, it is hoped that it will contribute to the future translation projects of political texts, including “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” and other translations related to external promotion.
A study on the tragedy for the Xiao Hong's short stories: Focusing on “Wangasujeoksa”, “Gyo”, and “Soseongsamwol”
Authors:   The Society For Chinese Humanities In Korea, Kim soon gum
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the tragic elements in the short stories “Wangasujeoksa,” “Gyo,” and “Soseongsamwol” by Xiao Hong. All three works connect their characters to the tragedy of death. This reflects how, despite China's attempts at new progress and innovation through the Xinhai Revolution and the May Fourth Movement in the early 20th century, lower-class women remained in poverty and became victims of an irrational social structure. This study aims to examine the tragedy in Xiao Hong's short stories within the unique historical context of China's modern and contemporary era. In particular, her short stories such as “Wangasujeoksa,” “Gyo,” and “Soseongsamwol” depict characters who, amidst the backdrop of China's transition during the modern and contemporary era, all meet tragic ends, succumbing to poverty, despair, misfortune, and suffering. Therefore, it seeks to explore the tragedy in the context of Chinese modern history by examining Xiao Hong's tragic worldview, her consciousness of tragedy, and the tragic experiences of her characters. If the previous research analyzed the tragedy in Xiao Hong's mid-length novels, this study focuses on the tragedy depicted in Xiao Hong's short stories within the context of modern and contemporary China. This research aims to find ways to study Xiao Hong's short stories from various perspectives.