bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Portuguese version of the COVID-19 perceived risk scale – psychometric study
Authors: Pereira A.T. , Cabaços C. , Paredes P. , Soares T. , Araujo A. , Sousa R. , Macedo A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Risk perception of COVID-19 is potentially a significant determinant of the pandemic evolution and the public’s response to it. Acceptable levels of risk perception can be considered good for people to effectively fight the pandemic and adopt preventive health behaviors while high levels of risk perception may be damaging. Recently, Yıldırım&Güler (2020) developed the Covid-19 Perceived Risk Scale (C19PRS) to measure this construct.

Objectives

To analyze the psychometric properties of the C19PRS Portuguese version, namely construct validity, internal consistency and convergent validity.

Methods

A community sample of 234 adults (75.6% women; mean age= 29.53±12.51; range:16-71) completed an on-line survey with the Portuguese versions of the CPRS and the Fear of Covid-19 Scale (FCV-19S; Cabaços et al. 2020). The total sample was randomly divided in two sub-samples: sample A (n=117) was used to perform an exploratory factor analysis/EFA; sample B (n=117) to make a confirmatory factor analysis/CFA.

Results

EFA resulted in three components. CFA revealed that the second-order model with three factors presented good fit indexes (X2/df=1.471; CFI=.959; GFI=.948; TLI=.932; p[RMSEA≤.01]=.065). CPRS Cronbach alphas was α=.687; for F1 Worry, F2 Susceptibility to Covid-19 and F3 Susceptibility to Overall Morbimortality were α=.747, α=.813 and α=.543, respectively. The total and dimensional scores significantly correlated with FCV-19S (r>.30, p<.01).

Conclusions

This study provides evidence for the validity and reliability of the Portuguese version of CPRS, which will be used in an ongoing research project on the relationship between Covid-19 perceived risk, perfectionism, cognitive processes and adherence to public health measures to contain the pandemic.
The interrelation between proactive coping and job stressors subjective evaluation in healthcare professionals during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuznetsova A. , Gushchin M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Proactive coping helps to reduce stress “in advance” – by possible stressors’ anticipating (Greenglass & Fiksenbaum, 2009). Does it helps to reduce distress in hazardous work environment with extremely high uncertainty level – like in healthcare professionals’ work at the beginning COVID-19 pandemic? Data showed the lover level of proactive coping in healthcare professionals in comparison with non-medical group (Pearman, Hughes, Smith & Neupert, 2020). The acute issue is to investigate proactive coping among medical professionals with different stress level.

Objectives

Specialists of Moscow public dispensaries (doctors, n=209; nurses, n=131) were checked during pandemic breakout (April 2020) - in order to compare proactive coping and job stressors’ subjective evaluation in groups with high and low chronic states.

Methods

The diagnostic set included: the job stress survey (Spielberger, 1994); the proactive coping inventory (Greenglass, 2002); the chronic stress and fatigues inventories (Leonova, 2012).

Results

Cluster analysis by combination of stress-fatigue scores extracted equal 22% of professionals in risk subgroups. Surprisingly no proactive coping differences were found in nurses; among doctors preventive coping is significantly lower in risk subgroup (t=7.05; p=0.009). Revealed job stressors in risk groups for nurses are quite typical; but for doctors they are unusual: extreme workload (t=33.97; p<0.001), low coworkers support (t=48.94; p<0.001), lack of positive feedback (t=62.29; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Despite the undeniable workload increase, well-to-do professionals perceived no high job stressors. In risk subgroup with lack of preventive coping, perceived stressors are likely connected with inability to predict strain increase and to minimize the impact of its negative effects (Moore, 2017).
Experience of organization of mental health monitoring in university clinic of Kharkiv national medical university
Authors: Korostiy V. , Maltsev A. , Kozmina E. , Platinuk O.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The mental health care system in Ukraine is centralized and largely focuses on capacity for inpatient psychiatric treatment with 90% of funding allocated to inpatient psychiatric care at hospitals, much higher than countries who already have more decentralized care. Community-based mental health care options, including mental health provided at the primary health care level are currently limited or absent in the mental health system. Psychosocial support, as well as self-care and mental health promotion are also insufficiently developed. Covid-19 pandemic is serious challenge for health care system, especially for consultation liaison psychiatry.

Objectives

Mental health monitoring and psychological support in University Clinic of Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine during COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods

HADS, SCL-90, HDRS, HARS

Results

During COVID-19 epidemic, implemented combination of off-line and eye-to-eye methods of mental health monitoring and psychological counselling for patients and medical staff in University clinic of Kharkiv National Medical University. Model of early detection and management of mental disorders based on multidisciplinary teamwork principles, сombination of off-line and eye-to-eye methods of screening, monitoring and psychological counselling for patients and medical staff. The online format proved beneficial because many patients of University clinic have trust issues and preferred not to deal with psychiatric services locally when it comes to mental health problems and it was accessible on epidemic conditions. An important part of the outreach work by the project was to destigmatize mental health problems.

Conclusions

Combined model (off-line and eye-to-eye services) of mental health care is preferred compare to traditional approach in modern conditions.
Mental health and immigration
Authors: Solis M.O. , Fernandez S. Jimenez , Barea M. ValverDe
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Immigration entails uprooting and this is always a destabilizing event. It includes disorders in family life and a radical break with culture, values, among others. These events create a situation of uncertainty that exacerbates stress and anxiety.

Objectives

Within this framework, we wanted to inquire about the state of mental health, and more specifically, about depression, in migrants.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out that includes 272 migrants from different countries of the world, during the months of August and September 2020, through an anonymous, voluntary and multiple response type online survey which included questions about sociodemographic aspects and the Beck Depression Inventory. The survey was published through social networks (Facebook and Whatapp) in migrant forums around the world, mostly Spanish-speaking, because the survey was published in Spanish.

Results

Of the 276 immigrants surveyed, an average age of 36.63 is seen. The 30% are single. The 30.79% are unemployed. 0.72% attended an immigrant reception centre. 99.63% have Spanish as mother tongue. 33.33% emigrated alone. The results of Beck’s questionnaire, 28.98% have moderate/severe depression. Of the total respondents, 49.63% have been an immigrant for 1 to 5 years. The 85,14% were in a regular legal-inmigration situation.

Conclusions

The immigrant population can be a group at risk for developing anxiety or depressive symptoms, especially when there is a situation of vulnerability and the necessary adaptation mechanisms for a satisfactory migration process cannot be guaranteed.
Psychosis in muslim arab population. Case report and article review
Authors: Arruego R. Sagarra , García E. Ramos , Ramos F.L. Bianchi , Fernández Á. Martínez , Cambra R. Molina , Domenjó A. Muñoz , Moreno M. Ortega , Barrera M. Hernández
Published: February 2022

Introduction

In Spain, we are forced to familiarize ourselves with Arab-Muslim culture to properly treat our patients. The diagnosis becomes complicatedbecause western health professionals are not usually familiar with thisform of symptom presentation.

Objectives

The objective of this work is to study the influence of Arab culture and Muslim religion on the psychopathological symptoms presented duringa psychotic episode.

Methods

We present two cases of psychosis in two brothers of Maghreb originwho were treated for the first psychotic episode in the acute psychiatricunit in a Spanish regional hospital. Then, we carried out a litle researchfrom the literatura.

Results

The common psychopathological symptoms presented by two brothersof 26 and 27 years were: symptoms of thought, control and influence of the self. Delusional ideas of self-referential harm and persecution. Auditory and cenesthetic hallucinations. In the literature we find that patients with Islamic backgrounds whosuffer hallucinations can attribute these experiences to different beliefssuch as geniuses (jinn), black magic and the evil eye. One of the siblings was diagnosed with a psychotic episode withoutspecification, while the other brother got the schizophrenia label. Webelieve that this may be related to the fact that mental healthprofessionals generally tend to label fantastic stories as mind-blowingor delusional in nature.

Conclusions

1. Religious beliefs and fantastic tales of Muslim culture can be considered psychotic symptoms if healthcare professionals are notfamiliar with this culture. 2. Teamwork between mental health professionals, translators and religious counselors can improve care for Muslim patients.
Potential objective diagnostic biomarker platform of serum proteins for major depressive disorder:a preliminary exploration
Authors: Chen S. , Zhang Y. , Yuan Y.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe, disabling condition with unknown etiology. Misdiagnosis is common when clinical symptomology criteria are used solely. Considerable evidence suggests that the upregulation of inflammatory factors and cortisol, and a decrease in neurotrophic factors, are involved in the pathogenesis of MDD.

Objectives

This study explored the application of platforms composed of these serum proteins in the objective diagnosis of MDD.

Methods

Serum samples from all participants including 30 MDD patients and 30 well-matched healthy controls were collected at enrollment, eight serum proteins selected initially according to previous studies were analyzed with ELISA. A logistic regression model with these proteins was built to construct the diagnostic platform for the MDD and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic potential of the model.

Results

Among the eight selected proteins, three (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta) were removed because the measurements in more than 1/3 participants were below the detectable limits of ELISA kits. Forward logistic stepwise regression analysis screened out three serum proteins including BDNF, cortisol and IFN-gamma to build the model. The regression equation was Z = 1/[1 + e−(1.438+0.005(BDNF)-0.049(cortisol)-0.007(IFN-gamma))], and the diagnostic efficacy of thees three proteins-combined achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.884 with sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 83.3%.

Conclusions

The results of this study provided a more reliable method to diagnose MDD, and the combination of serum BDNF, cortisol and IFN-gamma may provide an objective diagnostic platform for MDD.
Personalized warning signals for depressive relapse: A qualitative study
Authors: Slofstra C. , Castelein S. , Pieper A. , Dijkstra G. , Hoenders R. , Booij S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

An important aspect of depression relapse prevention programs is identifying personalized warning signals (PWS). These PWS are typically defined as depressive symptoms. Yet, no study has investigated to what extend PWS fit within the diagnostic classification framework, and how this compares to a more transdiagnostic, integrative approach towards depression.

Objectives

To examine how well PWS reflect depressive symptoms, describe the remaining PWS, and examine how well PWS can be assigned to domains of an existing transdiagnostic and integrative framework, the positive health concept.

Methods

162 PWS of 66 individuals with a history of depression were labeled as one or more symptoms of depression or to a residual category. The same process was repeated for labeling the domains of the positive health model. Labeling was done by three independent reviewers (inter-rater percent agreement: symptoms: 0.83 & positive health domains: 0.73). Disagreements were resolved by discussion.

Results

The three most commonly reported depressive symptoms were insomnia/hypersomnia, anhedonia and fatigue/loss of energy. However, sixty-five percent of the PWS were not depressive symptoms, but other symptoms (e.g. irritability, rumination) or aspects of functioning (e.g. withdrawing, managing time). The positive health domains captured all the PWS. However, 44% of PWS were labeled as multiple positive health domains, whereas labeling as symptoms of depression resulted in almost no such overlap.

Conclusions

A more transdiagnostic and integrative approach seems necessary to capture PWS. Depending on one’s purpose, one may consider expanding the definition with other symptoms and aspects of functioning, or using the positive health concept.
Oh what a tangled web we weave when first we practice to deceive…
Authors: Wise M.
Published: February 2022

‘Oh what a tangled web we weave when first we practice to deceive’. Marmion, Sir Walter Scott 1808. Conflict is unpleasant, it is aversive, we tend to avoid it. Yet inevitably tension between individuals or between individuals and society is inevitable as the wants of one collide with the purpose of the other. Most of these tensions resolved peacefully but a societal level aggression can sometimes spill out. In the hinterlands between individuals and larger groups these can play out more safely through the courts or sometimes the avoidance of conflict can be the only tactic that the individual can use. As doctors we are used to sing medical problems with patients have true disease believe they have two disease and want to get well-the standard social model of medicine. But sometimes this plays out differently there are those who may fabricate symptoms to avoid punishment or for reward: malingering. There are those who believe they have a disease but the distress is disproportionate to any possible recognised component; somatic symptom disorder. There are those whose anxiety about whether they have a disease or not is paralysing and perhaps most distressing for all of the groups who self-harm or malinger with authentic illness or disease. In this talk Dr Wise will, using case examples, look at a couple of the tools that exist to assist psychiatrists in piloting a pathway through the stormy waters of abnormal illness in litigation.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Treating with esketamine nasal, will increase blood pressure?
Authors: Rosello-Molina V. , Pons F.J. Castells , Juarez V. Avellon , Navalon M. Barberan , Cardona C. Domenech , Portes P. Sastre
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Esketamine had been rised as a potential treatment for Resistant Depression, becoming an alternative for the use of Electroconvulsive Therapy. In Spain since 2020, it has been applied for compassionate use but is not widely used. Although Esketamine is defined safe and effective in preliminary studies, there are common side effects which could reduce it use.

Objectives

Increasing blood pressure has been found commonly in ederly population treated with Esketamine Nasal. Studies showed as very common side effect (10% or more) increasing systolic and diastolic blood pressure which is higher in elderly people. Our aim is to show that esketamine is well tolerated and safe in ederly people without increasing blood pressure, although is combinate with oral antidepressant therapy.

Methods

Presenting female 65-year-old with 4 years of treatment maintaining a moderate-severe symptoms. Althougt numerous pharmacological strategies have been attempted, with optimal time and maximum doses, which have been progressively withdrawing showing lack of efficacy or appearance of adverse effects. Among the drugs used we find; 11 antidepressants, 3 antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and even lithium, without response after 6 weeks of treatment. Futhermore, patient refusal to receive Electro-Convulsive Therapy. Treating with Esketamine nasal and applying the established guidelines.

Results

Assess the response to Esketamine Nasal with Montgomery-Asberg depression scale (MADRS) we found that decrease the initial score in 26 points. Evaluating blood pressure before and after each time with no increased value.

Conclusions

Concluding esketamine is well tolerated and safe in ederly people without increasing blood pressure. These findings and results should be confirmed with futher studies.
Prison psychiatry and faking symptoms
Authors: Tort Herrando V.
Published: February 2022

Faking symptoms is not an unusual finding in psychiatry; As a such is not a symptoms o sign of mental disorder; we could say that lying is frequent in the normal life of people. In psychiatry, in the community has been widely reported (), mainly related to legal psychiatry (getting some social benefits, avoiding legal obligations, etc). From forensic psychiatry, this topic have a special relevance as they have more serious consequences (to avoid prison, child custody, etc)(Resnick 2003, Gunn 2014). Another topic of paramount importance is that in psychiatry we have not complementary examinations (RMN, TAC, blood tests, etc) that help to discard some symptoms. Some test are used for detecting feigned symptoms as SIMS, The most important psychological episodes in prison are those related to disruptive / bizarre behaviour, suicide ideation and psychotic symptoms that create a great nuisance to Prison Governors. To get an accurate diagnosis is very important because this could have a psychiatric approach or a prison sanction. Sometimes a previous feigned symptom does not mean to have new episode with psychiatric symptomatology that should be treated. In this paper we´ll focus in the prison psychiatry (that probably include all the situations that has been describe above.) and to give some clinical tips to deal with this kind of situation in the everyday work and casualty job.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Reduction of depressive symptoms among patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with biological therapy: A cross sectional study
Authors: Zinkeviciute J. , Strumila R. , Dlugauskas E. , Brasiskiene S. , Kiziela A. , Ambrasas S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Previous studies suggest that one of the possible depression pathophysiological pathways is autoimmune inflammation increasing inflammatory mediators’ levels and thus affecting mood.

Objectives

To compare depression and anxiety symptoms among inflammatory bowel disease patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors and those receiving treatment as usual (TAU).

Methods

Instruments: Ulcerative colitis activity index, Crohn’s disease activity index, the subscale of neurovegetative symptoms of the Beck depression inventory, Hospital anxiety and depression scale. Active ulcerative colitis or Chron‘s disease patients not using antidepressants were included in the study and divided into an experimental group (receiving TNF-α inhibitors) and control group (receiving TAU).

Results

46 patients’ data were analyzed. Between the experimental group and the control group, the disease activity index was not significantly different (Chron’s disease 3.54 ±4.20; ulcerative colitis 5.70 ±5.00; p > 0.05) as well as the mean scores of the neurovegetative depression symptoms subscale of the Beck depression inventory (2.52 experimental ±3.91 control; p > 0.05). The mean score of the hospital anxiety and depression scale were significantly different between both groups (5.22 ±8.13; p < 0.05). The mean anxiety subscale scores’ p=0,06, which shows trend for significance. The mean depressive subscale score was significantly different in the control group (1.43 ±2.65; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Patients treated with biological therapy experienced fewer depression symptoms than patients showing similar disease activity, but receiving TAU.
Therapeutic relationship and virtual setting during the COVID 19 emergency
Authors: Cerino S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

During the COVID 19 epidemic, the isolation helped virtual psychoterapy sessions, not to break up therapeutic relationship in critical moments.

Objectives

This paper points out the traditional setting modification and how the interpersonal relationship can affect the therapeutic dynamics.

Methods

The experience could support the possibility to design adequate plans to test possible relational potentiality/prospect to respond to the pandemic emergency. The computer screen represents a very important new and rich element as “Skype” seems to have been the most used remote support. The screen plays a filter and separation function but physically represents the related presence in a shared timeframe. It is also a “mutual mirror”, reflecting the exclusive duality and resending to “different” space and time where the therapeutic relationship acts.

Results

In this way the “analysis room” loses its physical feature to move towards a new dimension where the subjective experience are communicated/lived/re-elaborated by the mean of shared visual, modifyng the codified space of a traditional setting.

Conclusions

The screen is not only a mere vehicle of verbal communication, but fully gets in “hic et nunc” in space relationship assuming however an allegoric value, that, in the individual subjective, could go really beyond its “simple” and usual technological function.
The use of virtual reality in the treatment of autism
Authors: Pontes G. , Varanda C.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The characteristics of the Autistic Spectrum Disorder involve deficits in social communication and repetitive patterns of behavior and that there is a growing interest in the use of new technologies for neurorehabilitation.

Objectives

This research aimed to verify the possibility of using Virtual reality for the treatment of Autism.

Methods

Scientific publications were selected from the PUBMED, ScieLO, LILACS and Google Scholar databases, written in Portuguese and English, with free access, between 2014 and 2019.

Results

A total of 19 publications were identified. Concerning their design, 26,3% of them were experimental, 21,1% qualitative, 21,1% one-group pretest-posttest, 15,8% quasi-experimental, 10,5% descriptive and 5,2% of them were exploratory research studies. The studies focus on anxiety and phobias reduction, as well as teaching strategies to deal with stessful events. Eleven of the studies focused on the enhancement of independende and sef-confidence of the subjects. In five ot the studies the virtual reality was used with other technologies. In two of them the EEG was used along with virtual reality for detecting the cerebral region in activity during action.

Conclusions

Virtual reality was defended in most of the studies because it can provide a safe environment and offering high control of variables. Although the results indicate the use of virtual reality for the reduction of anxiety and the promotion of self-confidence and independence which aims the social deficits in autism, more research is needed to investigate the use or impact of VR on repetitive behavior.
Professional burnout syndrome: Alexithymia, empathy and communication mechanismsи
Authors: Chernus N. , Serdakova K. , Vasilyeva I. , .Sivkov S. , Savina T. , Sivkov A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Professional burnout syndrome (PBS) is currently considered from the perspective of value-oriented sense –of underlying psychological factors contributing to PBS development promotes the relevance of this study.

Objectives

The study population included 81 medical professionals from out-patient polyclinic healthcare institution, among which 47(58%) healthcare professionals showed symptoms of burnout (mean age – 38,5±11,4 years old).

Methods

‘Attitude to Work and Professional Burnout’ by V.A. Vinokur, ‘Coping Strategies’ by S. Folkman and R. Lazarus Р., Spielberg’s Questionnaire; TAS-26; Emotional Response Scale by A. Megrabyan and N. Epstein.

Results

The correlation analysis revealed certain interdependencies between the professional burnout symptoms and personal qualities of subjects. Thus, the higher burnout level correlated with increased emotional burnout (r=0,871; p=0,016), reduced professional satisfaction (r=0,624; p=0,031), poorer health and adaptation (r=0,872; p=0,023), increased state anxiety (r=0,551; p=0,000), increased alexithymia scores (r=0,823; p=0,017); reduced empathy scores as emotional response to others’ emotional experience (r=0,466; p=0,000) and reduced willingness to involve into other people’s issues (r=0,564; p=0,032). No statistically significant correlations between TAS total alexithymia score and empathy score were demonstrated.

Conclusions

The healthcare professionals employed at the out-patient polyclinic units belong to the at-risk population group of professional burnout syndrome development. The individuals with higher burnout levels show typical specific correlations of empathy forms: in particular, decreased ability to differentiate one’s feelings from feelings of others, increased emotional sensitivity and reduced willingness to involve into other people’s issues are usually observed.
Emotional regulation and attachment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Khaustova O. , Sak L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The aim of the present study was to investigate emotional regulation and attachment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Objectives

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder (ED) characterized by self-starvation driving by weight, shape, and eating concerns and extreme dread of food, eating, and normal body weight. Dysfunctional emotional processing and regulation play an important role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). Difficulties with emotional awareness and regulation in EDs are hypothesized to have their origins in childhood attachment.

Methods

The study population (N=20) consists of two research groups of patients with AN (group A) and general population controls (group B), matched for gender and age. The age of patients was 12-18 years. All adolescents were female. This study examined the attachment states of mind, assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and emotion regulation difficulties, measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS).

Results

Group A reported significantly higher attachment insecurity (82% vs 50%) than group B. Group A show higher DERS total (nonacceptance, goals, and impulsivity scores) than group B.

Conclusions

Study results show a crucial role of attachment insecurity and emotional dysregulation in the development and maintenance of AN. Developing interventions to improve emotional management skills in the treatment of patients with AN can be an important component in improving treatment outcomes.
The effect of eight yoga sessions on interoceptive accuracy, confidence and awareness in a sample of patients with eating disorder: A preliminary study
Authors: Nisticò V. , Boido G. , Bertelli S. , Anselmetti S. , Ischia M. , Priori A. , Gambini O. , Demartini B.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Previous research from our group showed that, after a single yoga class, Interoceptive Accuracy (IAc), tested through the Heartbeat Counting Task, improved in a group of Healthy Controls (HC), but not in a group of patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN).

Objectives

To evaluate three levels of interoception (accuracy, confidence (IC) and awareness (IAw)) before and after eight sessions of Yoga in a sample of patients with Eating Disorders (ED: AN, Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)).

Methods

15 patients with ED were included. Before the first yoga session (T0) and 72 hours after the last session (T1), participants underwent: (i) the Heartbeat Counting Task for the evaluation of IAc, IC and IAw; (ii) a psychometric assessment evaluating depression, anxiety, body awareness, alexithymia, self-objectification and eating disorders symptomatology.

Results

At T1, ED patients’ IAc appeared higher than at T0, but not IC and IAw. A trend towards significance (p = 0.055) emerged for the interaction effect between IAc and diagnosis, with BED patients having a higher increase of IAc at T1 than AN and BN patients. Significant correlations between IAc and Alexithymia, Anxiety and Depression emerged at T0, but were not maintained at T1.

Conclusions

After a program of eight Yoga sessions, IAc in ED patients (but not IC and IAw) increases, especially in BED patients. Moreover, the improvement of IAc following the yoga course seems to be unrelated to the course of depressive, anxious and alexithymic symptoms of ED patients.
The use of yoga and mindfulness within an eating disorders population: Results of a scoping review
Authors: Dontigny F. , Debreucker C. , Therrien E. , Monthuy-Blanc J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Eating disorders (ED) are characterized by perturbed eating habits or behaviors (APA, 2013). Even if treatments are available, they need to be more adapted to ED (Monthuy-Blanc, 2018). A complementary approach as yoga or mindfulness demonstrated positive effects with ED, such as an augmentation of mindfulness while eating (Rachel, Ivanka, Amanda, & Carlene, 2013), a better body satisfaction (Beccia, Dunlap, Hanes, Courneene, & Zwickey, 2018; Neumark-Sztainer, MacLehose, Watts, Pacanowski, & Eisenberg, 2018) and less preoccupation with food (Carei, Fyfe-Johnson, Breuner, & Brown, 2010). As the effects of yoga and mindfulness vary between the different ED and different uses, it is difficult to generalize the results obtained about the efficacy of yoga or mindfulness with ED.

Objectives

A scoping review is actually done to map the evidence about the use (length, intensity, frequency) of yoga and mindfulness among ED and their effects.

Methods

The realization of the scoping review is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodological Framework(Peters, Godfrey, McInerney, Baldini Soares, Khalil, & Parker, 2017). Research will be done in the following databases: CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBM Reviews/Cochrane. Different types of papers are going to be included and a content analysis is going to be done among the extracted data.

Results

Preliminary results of the scoping review are going to be presented.

Conclusions

Among the different treatments used with ED, yoga and mindfulness have demonstrated positive effects. These approaches as part of integrative health are helpful to improve physical and mental health of individuals suffering from ED.
“Anorexia in a patient with piscosis”
Authors: Meseguer C. Capella , Vázquez E. Rodríguez , Cerejeira J. Gonçalves , Carrasco I. Santos , Ramírez A. Gonzaga , Valera G. Guerra , De Llano De La Viuda M. Queipo , Martín Ó.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

We present the case of a patient with schizophrenia who presents with restriction of intake, fear of gaining weight and alteration in the way of perceiving herself in which we ask ourselves if these behavioral alterations are secondary to her diagnosis of schizophrenia to an anorexia nervosa independent of previous diagnosis.

Objectives

We propose to carry out a differential diagnosis of alterations in the perception of self-image in a patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We suggest that these alterations may be secondary to alterations in the experience of the self present due to their psychosis.

Methods

In the differential diagnosis of the cause of alterations in self-image and fear of gaining weight, we rely on the psychiatric interview, the study of previous history and different scales: - Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) - Gardner Body Image Assessment - Weight, body image and self-esteem scale E-PICA - IPASE scale

Results

In this patient in whom the differential diagnosis of the cause of her dietary restrictions and weight loss is proposed, there does not seem to be any psychotic symptoms that produce these alterations.

Conclusions

In the alterations in self-image in those psychotic patients, there is a doubt as to whether these could be secondary to alterations in the perception of the self typical of psychotic diseases or, on the contrary, be secondary to the spectrum of Eating Disorders.
Gayet wernicke encephalopathy: Don’t miss this neuropsychiatric emergency!
Authors: Laroussi S. , Moalla K.S. , Hdiji O. , Sakka S. , Daoud S. , Hadjkacem H. , Farhat N. , Mhiri C.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Gayet Wernicke Encephalopathy (GWE) is a diagnostic and therapeutic neuropsychiatric emergency due to thiamin deficiency (vitamin B1).

Objectives

The purpose of our work is to recall some clinical situations suspecting GWE, along with radiological and evolutionary profile.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study concerning patients who were hospitalized in the neurology department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital between 2013 and 2020 for management of GWE.

Results

The median age of 7 patients was 39.57 years with sex ratio (H/F):1.33. The most common risk factor found is incoercible vomiting (5 patients), followed by chronic alcoholism (3 patients). Confusional state was the most frequent symptom found in 4 patients. The characteristic clinical triad of confusion, oculomotor disorders and ataxia was only found in 2 patients. Neuroimaging showed a typical aspect in 3 patients. The serum levels of thiamine were low in five patients and normal in two patients. After receiving parental than oral thiamin supplementation, three patients were independent after one month with a mRS score <3.

Conclusions

GWE is an acute neuropsychiatric emergency. Chronic alcoholism is recognized as its most common cause. The clinical triad is not constantly present. MRI shows typically bilateral symmetrical hyperintensities in periaqueductal area, periventricular region, thalami and mammillary bodies. Thiamin level can be normal since it does not accurately represent body thiamine status or in case of mutations in a thiamine-transporter gene. Thiamine therapy is warranted if any component of the GWE triad is present in an appropriate clinical setting to prevent irreversible neurological sequelae.
Social stigma and mental health
Authors: Barea M. ValverDe , Castro C. Mata , Martinez G.M. Ruiz , Solis M.O.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Stigma has been associated with various groups, based on certain attributes or characteristics, such as; Race or health status is a complex and dynamic process, a universal phenomenon that is part of all social groups and is maintained by its functions related to the establishment of one’s own identity and the facilitation of socialization processes. Many societies throughout history have identified people with a mental health problem as part of a minority group considered inferior to the rest. What has made this population an object of social stigma. With the beginning of community psychiatry, and with the need to integrate people with a serious mental disorder into it, it becomes even more valuable to be able to assess the social stigma towards mental illness in the community.

Objectives

The goal is to examine community attitudes towards people with mental illness.

Methods

Cross-sectional study of 228 people through an anonymous online survey. Sociodemographic variables and questionnaires were collected, such as the Community Attitudes Questionnaire towards people with Mental Illness (CAMI).

Results

65% of respondents are women and 35% men. 74% have university studies. 18% do not agree that mental illness is an illness like any other. 1% believe that not all people can develop a mental illness. 7% of those surveyed are afraid that people with mental illness reside in their neighborhood and 14% believe that they are more dangerous people than the general population.

Conclusions

Given the results obtained, we observe that the stigma towards people with mental illness is still present in society.
Selumetinib Plus Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine in Patients With High-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Phase III, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (ASTRA)
Authors: Ho Alan L. , Dedecjus Marek , Wirth Lori J. , Tuttle R. Michael , Inabnet William B. , Tennvall Jan , Vaisman Fernanda , Bastholt Lars , Gianoukakis Andrew G. , Rodien Patrice , Paschke Ralf , Elisei Rossella , Viola David , So Karen , Carroll Danielle , Hovey Tina , Thakre Bhavana , Fagin James A. ,   the ASTRA investigator group
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE

Selumetinib can increase radioactive iodine (RAI) avidity in RAI-refractory tumors. We investigated whether selumetinib plus adjuvant RAI improves complete remission (CR) rates in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) at high risk of primary treatment failure versus RAI alone.

METHODS

ASTRA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01843062 ) is an international, phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Patients with DTC at high risk of primary treatment failure (primary tumor > 4 cm; gross extrathyroidal extension outside the thyroid gland [T4 disease]; or N1a/N1b disease with ≥ 1 metastatic lymph node(s) ≥ 1 cm or ≥ 5 lymph nodes [any size]) were randomly assigned 2:1 to selumetinib 75 mg orally twice daily or placebo for approximately 5 weeks (no stratification). On treatment days 29-31, recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (0.9 mg)–stimulated RAI (131I; 100 mCi/3.7 GBq) was administered, followed by 5 days of selumetinib/placebo. The primary end point (CR rate 18 months after RAI) was assessed in the intention-to-treat population.

RESULTS

Four hundred patients were enrolled (August 27, 2013-March 23, 2016) and 233 randomly assigned (selumetinib, n = 155 [67%]; placebo, n = 78 [33%]). No statistically significant difference in CR rate 18 months after RAI was observed (selumetinib n = 62 [40%]; placebo n = 30 [38%]; odds ratio 1.07 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.87]; P = .8205). Treatment-related grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 25/154 patients (16%) with selumetinib and none with placebo. The most common adverse event with selumetinib was dermatitis acneiform (n = 11 [7%]). No treatment-related deaths were reported.

CONCLUSION

Postoperative pathologic risk stratification identified patients with DTC at high risk of primary treatment failure, although the addition of selumetinib to adjuvant RAI failed to improve the CR rate for these patients. Future strategies should focus on tumor genotype–tailored drug selection and maintaining drug dosing to optimize RAI efficacy.
Current and Future Burdens of Heat-Related Hyponatremia: A Nationwide Register–Based Study
Authors: Mannheimer Buster , Sterea-Grossu Alin , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan , Skov Jakob , Lindh Jonatan D
Published: February 2022

Context

A seasonal variation in hyponatremia, with higher incidence rates during hot summer days, has been demonstrated. Whether this applies to cool temperate regions is currently unknown.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ambient temperature on hyponatremia in the Swedish population under current and future climate scenarios.

Methods

This nationwide cohort study identified all patients hospitalized with a first-ever principal diagnosis of hyponatremia between October 2005 and December 2014. Incidence rates for hyponatremia were calculated as number of hospitalizations divided by person-days at risk in the adult Swedish population at a given temperature, in increments of 1 °C.

Results

The incidence of hyponatremia was stable at 0.3 per million person-days from −10 to 10 °C, but increased rapidly at 24-hour mean temperatures above 15 °C, with 2.26 hospitalizations per million days at the highest recorded temperature of 25 °C. Women and elderly carried the greatest risk, with an incidence of 35 hospitalizations per million days in individuals ≥ 80 years of age on the hottest days, corresponding to a 15-fold increase in incidence compared with cool days. A future 1 or 2 °C increase in mean temperature is expected to increase the incidence of hyponatremia by 6.3% and 13.9%, respectively.

Conclusion

The risk of hospitalization due to hyponatremia increases rapidly at temperatures above 15 °C, indicating a threshold effect. Over the next decades, rising global temperatures are expected to increase the inpatient burden of hyponatremia by approximately 10%. Strategies for protecting vulnerable groups are necessary to reduce this risk.
Training Model for Brain Tumor Removal (Model TOM Meningioma)
Authors: Nounaka Yohei , Tenjin Hiroshi , Okano Yoshio , Morita Akio
Published: February 2022

With the development of stereotactic radiotherapy, opportunities to perform craniotomies for brain tumors under a microscope are decreasing, making it difficult to learn surgical techniques in clinical practice. For safety and ethical reasons, it is useful to create a brain tumor training model for hands-on practice. We created a sphenoidal ridge meningioma model with the following parameters: (1) the location of the tumor should be distinguishable using neuronavigation, (2) the feeding artery should allow for confirmation and hemostasis, (3) the tumor and brain should be properly adherent and dissectable, and (4) the tumor can be decompressed and removed using an ultrasonic surgical device. We created the model out of polyvinyl alcohol and produced a mold using a 3-dimensional printer. Thirteen young neurosurgeons used these models, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. It was possible to train neurosurgeons for tumor removal using this model. The results of the questionnaire showed that the model, usefulness of the clinical application, and willingness to participate again were highly rated. This model was created to practice procedures with realty and designed to be visualized by navigation systems, to be removed with ultrasonic surgical instruments, and to be dissected using microinstruments. This model is useful to learn surgical techniques and strategies and to test and develop new surgical equipment. Training using a brain tumor model should be good off-the-job training for young neurosurgeons.
ADAD2 regulates heterochromatin in meiotic and post-meiotic male germ cells via translation of MDC1
Authors: Chukrallah Lauren G. , Badrinath Aditi , Vittor Gabrielle G. , Snyder Elizabeth M.
Published: February 2022

Male germ cells establish a unique heterochromatin domain, the XY-body, early in meiosis. How this domain is maintained through the end of meiosis and into post-meiotic germ cell differentiation is poorly understood. ADAD2 is a late meiotic male germ cell-specific RNA-binding protein, loss of which leads to post-meiotic germ cell defects. Analysis of ribosome association in Adad2 mouse mutants revealed defective translation of Mdc1, a key regulator of XY-body formation, late in meiosis. As a result, Adad2 mutants show normal establishment but failed maintenance of the XY-body. Observed XY-body defects are concurrent with abnormal autosomal heterochromatin and ultimately lead to severely perturbed post-meiotic germ cell heterochromatin and cell death. These findings highlight the requirement of ADAD2 for Mdc1 translation, the role of MDC1 in maintaining meiotic male germ cell heterochromatin and the importance of late meiotic heterochromatin for normal post-meiotic germ cell differentiation.
Importance of Nodal Metastases Location in Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Results from a Prospective, Lymphadenectomy Protocol
Authors: Malleo Giuseppe , Maggino Laura , Casciani Fabio , Lionetto Gabriella , Nobile Sara , Lazzarin Gianni , Paiella Salvatore , Esposito Alessandro , Capelli Paola , Luchini Claudio , Scarpa Aldo , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto
Published: February 2022

Background

Implementing a prospective lymphadenectomy protocol, we investigated the nodal yields and metastases per anatomical stations and nodal echelon following upfront pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for cancer. Next, the relationship between the extension of nodal dissection, the number of examined and positive nodes (ELN/PLN), disease staging and prognosis was assessed.

Methods

Lymphadenectomy included stations 5, 6, 8a-p, 12a-b-p, 13, 14a-b, 17, and jejunal mesentery nodes. Data were stratified by N-status, anatomical stations, and nodal echelons. First echelon was defined as stations embedded in the main specimen and second echelon as stations sampled as separate specimens. Recurrence and survival analyses were performed by using standard statistics.

Results

Overall, 424 patients were enrolled from June 2013 through December 2018. The median number of ELN and PLN was 42 (interquartile range [IQR] 34-50) and 4 (IQR 2-8). Node-positive patients were 88.2%. The commonest metastatic sites were stations 13 (77.8%) and 14 (57.5%). The median number of ELN and PLN in the first echelon was 28 (IQR 23-34) and 4 (IQR 1-7). While first-echelon dissection provided enough ELN for optimal nodal staging, the aggregate rate of second-echelon metastases approached 30%. Nodal-related factors associated with recurrence and survival were N-status, multiple metastatic stations, metastases to station 14, and jejunal mesentery nodes.

Conclusions

First-echelon dissection provides adequate number of ELN for optimal staging. Nodal metastases occur mostly at stations 13/14, although second-echelon involvement is frequent. Only station 14 and jejunal mesentery nodes involvement was prognostically relevant. This latter station should be included in the standard nodal map and analyzed pathologically.
Tolerability of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jost Karin , Rodriguez Belén , Söll Nicole , Hoepner Robert , Z'Graggen Werner J.
Published: February 2022

Background: Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a form of autonomic dysregulation. There is increasing evidence that the etiology may be immune-mediated in a subgroup of patients. Patients with POTS often experience an exacerbation of their symptoms associated with (viral) infections and often fear the same symptom aggravation after vaccination. In this report we describe the tolerability of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines against coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and the consequences of a COVID-19 infection on POTS symptoms in our cohort of patients with neuropathic POTS.

Methods: We conducted a standardized, checklist-based interview with 23 patients and recorded the acute side effects of mRNA vaccination, acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection as well as the effects of vaccination and COVID-19 infection on POTS symptoms.

Results: Of all included patients, 20 patients received two mRNA vaccines without having had a previous COVID-19 infection, and five patients in total had suffered a COVID-19 infection. Of these, three had COVID-19 without and two after being vaccinated. No increased frequency of side effects after both doses of mRNA vaccines was observed. Six patients reported a mild and short-term aggravation of their POTS symptoms beyond the duration of acute vaccine side effects. All five patients who suffered a COVID-19 infection subsequently reported a pronounced and persistent exacerbation of POTS symptoms.

Conclusions: Our observations suggest that mRNA vaccines are not associated with a higher frequency of acute side effects in patients with POTS. Symptom exacerbation as a consequence of mRNA vaccination seems to be less frequent and of shorter duration compared to patients who suffered a COVID-19 infection.