bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Christianity and the national identity of the Nenets
Authors:   Belgorod Orthodox Theological Seminary (with missionary focus), Iakovov Priest Daniil ,   Belgorod National Research University
Published: June 2022

The article examines the main features and conditions of the formation of the national identity of the Nenets (the most numerous ethnic group among the indigenous peoples living in the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District) in the context of missionary activity as cross-cultural communication. The mission affects not only beliefs, but also culture, which includes life, nutrition, the form of social relations, symbols and so on. The more deeply the mission actor understands the culture of the addressee, the more effective the missionary service will be. For many Nenets, the adoption of baptism means the rejection of the culture of their people, which will inevitably entail a change of identity, since historically missionaries of different faiths insisted on the destruction of pagan artifacts and a complete break with the previous way of life. Attempts are being made among Orthodox and Protestant missionaries of Yamal to combine traditional culture and the Gospel in order to preserve national identity and increase the effectiveness of preaching. The Protestant campaign differs from the traditional Orthodox mission by desacralization of traditional beliefs through their rational interpretation. Thus, the mission does not lead to the legalization of traditional forms, but to a rethinking of the existing systems of relations. This method is promising, as it allows to rededicate culture in the spirit of the Christian tradition.
An evidence-based approach towards identifying household emerging pollutants in rural areas in Southern Karnataka
Authors: Rathnamala G. V. , Shivashankara G. P.
Published: June 2022

The need for establishing the emerging pollutants for various rural households has witnessed a paradigm-shift towards health-related issues. Low-income groups have inadvertently contributed to environmental degradation due to improper hygienic conditions. In this paper, statistical analysis on gathered data from regional households in Karnataka has been evaluated for the health status of the individuals. A selected area based on village patterns was presented with a sample questionnaire in order to gather the patterns of household conditions prevailing in the area. A broad categorization based on the Fuzzy C clustering approach has classifiers in the form of demographic and socio-economic responses, water supply factors, sanitation, indoor air pollution, and solid waste management approaches. For each of the categories, the emerging pollutant has been identified which collectively points to ‘Poverty’ being the primary cause of deteriorating household conditions among people in such rural areas. The results of the questionnaire indicated a strong correlation between the prevalence of pollution and ill health in the low-income category of people. The authors opine that this investigation would contribute to the Government initiative of the Swachh Bharat Mission.
Study on Single-molecule Biophysics and Biochemistry in Dilute Liquids and Live Cells without Immobilization or Significant Hydrodynamic Flow: The Thermodynamic Single-molecule Demon
Authors: Foldes-Papp Zeno , Baumann Gerd
Published: June 2022

Since mathematics provides a way to answer questions about the thermodynamic jitter in a clear, rational manner, with evidence to support it, mathematics is the reliable method necessary to get the best information on the movement of a single molecule / a single particle at the molecular scale in dilute liquids and live cells without immobilization or hydrodynamic flow. The Brownian movement (normal diffusive systems) and generally the thermodynamic jitter (anomalous diffusive systems) are ultimately the direct or indirect cause of every measurement signal at the molecular scale in diffraction limited and unlimited optical systems in dilute liquids and live cells without immobilization or hydrodynamic flow. For example, emitted photons are the epiphenomenon of the underlying process of thermodynamic jitter of single molecules / single particles at the molecular scale. The key question is: How far apart do two molecules / two particles have to be in the time domain so that the required degree of separation between the two individual molecules / the two individual particles can be quantified at the molecular scale in order to distinguish them as separate entities without immobilization or hydrodynamic flow? The Földes-Papp’s limits of the singlemolecule time resolution in dilute liquids and live cells without immobilization or hydrodynamic flow are the exact answers. The diffusive process is complicated and not minimalist. A minimalist model has a third possibility, it may be right but irrelevant.
WITHDRAWN: The Ascension of Nanosponges as a Drug Delivery Carrier: Preparation, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Tiwari Kartik
Published: June 2022

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Clinical Evidence for the Effectiveness of Herbal Medicines in the Treatment
of an Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: A Review Study
Authors: Abrishami Maryam Hosseini , Noras Mohamad Reza , Soltanifar Atefeh , Salari Roshanak , Jarahi Lida , Pazhouh Hamideh Khorram
Published: June 2022

Background:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a potentially debilitating disease
that affects 1-4% of the general population. It is characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions
which interfere with the individual’s life and functioning. Although conventional treatments
such as drug therapies and cognitive behavioral therapy exist for OCD, these treatments are not universally
successful and can cause side effects, which has created a demand for alternative and complementary
therapies.

Methods:

In this review, we summarize randomized clinical trials on the effectiveness of herbal medicines
for the treatment of OCD, and review the possible mechanisms of action for these medicines. A
search in PubMed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library found 1022 studies, of which 7 were included
in our review.

Results:

The studies that we found were conducted over 6 to 12 weeks, and had an average sample
size of 37. The plant species studied included Crocus sativus, Echium amoenum, Hypericum perforatum,
Silybum marianum, Valeriana officinalis, and Withania somnifera. The trials demonstrated the
effectiveness of all plants as treatments for OCD except H. perforatum. The phytochemicals found in
these plants produce their effects through a variety of means such as inhibiting the reuptake of monoamines,
GABAergic effects, and neuroendocrine modulation. The small number of studies and their
small sample sizes, poor methodology, and lack of replication highlight the need for further research
into herbal medicines for the treatment of OCD.

Conclusion:

Overall, herbal medicines can be used as stand-alone therapies for OCD or in conjunction
with other methods.
Identification of Potent Bioactive Molecules Against NMDA Receptor and
Tau Protein by Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Parvatikar Prachi , Bagali Shrilaxmi , Hippargi Surekha , Singh Pankaj K. , Singh Shashi Bala , Biradar M.S. , Patil Aravind V. , Das Kusal K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and tau protein play an important role
in neuronal death due to cerebral ischemia or ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, no drug has been discovered
except tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to fight against ischemic stroke. Virtual high throughput
screening to find out possibilities of bioactive molecules to target NMDAR and tau protein to treat ischemic
stroke may be an option for drug discovery.

Objective:

The current study aimed to assess the molecular interaction of some bioactive molecules with
NMDAR and tau protein in silico to incriminate ischemic stroke.

Methods:

A computational method based on ligand-protein interaction technique has been used in the
present study to identify the therapeutic potential of some bioactive molecules for the possible treatment
of ischemic stroke. For this purpose, 50 bioactive molecules were screened and docking analysis was
performed for two target proteins, NMDAR and tau protein. In this study, for each protein target, the best
poses were identified based on binding energy and inhibition constant. Different pharmacological properties
of selected bioactive molecules were also analyzed to determine their absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion and toxicity (ADME/T) properties in silico. All were found in the acceptable range and
followed Lipinski’s rule.

Results:

In the present study of the 50 screened bioactive molecules, top 10 molecules have been identified,
of which best two bioactive molecules such as gossypin, viniferin have been predicted to be potential
neuroprotective agents against cerebral ischemia induced alteration of NMDAR and tau protein functional
integrities.

Conclusion:

Gossypin’ was the best bioactive compound interacting with NMDAR and tau protein.
Identification of MSME product and service marketing strategies using social networking in Indonesia
Authors: Nurmala Nurmala
Published: June 2022

Marketing any business product is essential to do. In today's technological era, the most effective marketing is digital means, especially social networks, which are phenomenal in many circles. This study will try to identify the marketing strategy of MSME products through social networks. We searched electronically for data on literature sources, especially online marketing strategies. The data we found by searching digitally on much literature in the form of books, journal publications, and other sources. We analyzed the data with a phenomenological approach. Computational data analysis involves a comprehensive data coding system, in-depth evaluation, and interpretation to find comprehensive and valid answers. After discussing these findings, we conclude that social networks offer many marketing options through various social media platforms. MSME products can be promoted with very cheap or even free payment systems. The several strategies that we have summarized, among others, by creating a marketing blog, communicating merchandise, establishing relationships, and designing exciting content. Thus, this finding is beneficial for business, academics, and policymakers.
Outcome of Treatment and Causes of Failure in Cancer Cervix Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiation
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Piyush
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Cervix uteri cancer is most known disease
found among women worldwide after breast, colorectal and
lung cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate prognostic
factors (patient, tumor and treatment) in carcinoma of cervix
treated with concurrent chemoradiation.
Materials and Methods: 40patients included in the study
and were planned to deliver by 3- Dimensional Conformal
radiotherapy using four field box technique.Radiotherapy
dose delivered to pelvic area was 50 Gy in 25 fractions at
200cGy/dayfollowed by intracavitary brachytherapy either 4
applications of 6Gy/fraction or 3 applications of 7Gy/fraction
each as per departmental protocol. Chemotherapy dose
delivered to patients received cisplatin 35mg/m2 weekly i.v.
for a total of 5 cycles or 75mg/m2 triweekly i.v. for a total of 2
cycles. All patients were followed up at least 6 months from
day of completion of treatment.
Result:Collected data was analyzed using Chi Square test
to calculate level of significance it was found that significant
prognostic factors are blood haemoglobin level (p = 0.006),
stage (p = 0.016), histological grade (p = 0.039), lymph node
involvement (p = 0.031), parametrial extension (p = 0.038),
hydronephrosis (p = 0.015), tumor size (p = 0.038) and
duration of treatment (p = 0.031) whereas age, histological
type and subtype, total radiation dose and concurrent use of
chemotherapy are found to be insignificant.
Conclusion: The outcomes of cancer cervix patent depends
upon patient, tumor and treatment related factors. Presence of
poor prognostic factors related to tumor may need intensification
of the treatment by concurrent use of chemotherapy drugs,
counteracting hypoxia by maintaining hemoglobin during
treatment.
Evaluation of HER2/neu in Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Analysis of Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India
Authors: Agnihotri Neha , Pant Hema , Singh Shiv Nath , Goel Jai Kishan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Ovarian cancer accounts for 6% of all cancers
in the female and is the fifth most common form of cancer in
women which is caused by amplification of HER2/neu gene
and it is widely studied most of the cancer but in gynecologic
neoplasms it not well established biomarkerhence the study
is carried out to analyse incidence of ovarian carcinoma in the
local population and analysed relationship of HER2/neu positive
cases with the histological type of ovarian tumour.
Materials and Methods:The present study was an observational
study. A total of 30 cases were studied and systematically
evaluated the HER2/neu reactions by histopathological and
immunohistochemical study done in Shri Ram Murti Smarak
Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
Result: Majority of the cases of ovarian carcinomas fell in
the age group of 30-50 years with premenopausal age group
followed by menopausal age group. Surface epithelial tumours
were the most frequently encountered carcinomas in the
present study in 50% of the cases followed by granulosa cell
tumour in 20% of the cases.
Conclusion: Present study emphasized the HER2/neu
reactivity in ovarian carcinomas. 76.7% of the cases were
negative for HER2/neu. Positivity was noted in 23.3% cases.
Comparison and Assessment of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma in Younger and Older Patients Treated with Chemo Radiotherapy
Authors: Bisht Sudeep , Kumar Piyush , Chauhan Arvind Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the 6th most
common cancer globally. Unfortunately, even though more than
25% of cancers are diagnosed in people over 60 years, they
are often less extensively investigated and undertreated than
younger patient and seldom included in clinical trials. The study
aimed to compare the profile of younger and elderly patients in
terms of compliance, toxicities, and clinical outcomes in head
and neck cancers treated with chemo-radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods: Fifty patients were included in the
study and patients were distributed in two groups, age ≤ 60
years of age and >60 years of age, and were planned to deliver
standard radiotherapy at a dose of 70 Gy in 35 fractions over
7 weeks with concurrent chemotherapy dose Cisplatin 35 mg/
m2
weekly followed by compliance assessment from 3 months
of follow up to at least up to 6 months.
Result: In the present study, it was observed that radiotherapy
compliance was similar in the elderly group as in younger group.
Our study also observed that though chemotherapy compliance
in terms of number of the cycle was lower in elderly patients
than younger patients due to increase hematological toxicities,
they were of grade I/II toxicity. No significant difference in
severe Grade III/IV toxicity was observed in elderly group in
comparison to the younger group.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that elderly patients
should get a complete radical course of concurrent chemo
radiotherapy as in younger patients with good supportive care
to overcome treatment-related toxicities.
Muzyczne Moi i Soi w semiotyce egzystencjalnej Eero Tarastiego
Authors: Krasińska Magdalena
Published: June 2022

The paper aims to examine the relationship between two sides of the “musical organ- ism” – the Moi and the Soi – as formulated in Eero Tarasti’s existential semiotics. The author of mentioned variation of semiotics creates, by means of the concepts of the Moi and the Soi, models that have regard to shifts from the singular to the communal (and the other way around). The Moi represents an “interiority”, the existential ego of sub- ject, whereas the Soi corresponds to what is socially determined. The first is, therefore, a specific bundle of sensations, while the second is realized in discursive activity. Hence social Soi constitutes space connecting creators and makes communication between them possible (and mutual deriving from each other as well). I begin by addressing Tarasti’s philosophical and semiotic inspirations. Thereafter, I shift to describe the prin- ciples of Moi and Soi and relation between them. Subsequently, I introduce biosemiot- ical notions employed by Tarasti, i.e. the Ich-Ton and the Dich-Ton, in order to discuss the semiotic self in terms of subject’s encounter with the Other. Examining of all men- tioned concepts will allow to present a working of semiotic square’s coordinates with- in a musical work, as well as to refer to Roland Barthes’ distinction between the geno- text and the phenotext. Tarasti identifies this distinguishing with his own demarcation between the Moi and the Soi.
Utility of a Machine-Guided Tool for Assessing Risk Behaviour Associated with Contracting HIV in Three Sites in South Africa: A field evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Majam Mohammed , Segal Bradley Max , Fieggen Joshua , Singh Leanne , Smith Eli , Hermans Lucas Etienne , Phatsoane Mothepane , Arora Lovkesh , Lalla-Edward Samanta Tresha
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital data collection and the associated mobile health technologies have allowed for the recent exploration of machine learning (ML) as a tool for combatting the HIV epidemic. Machine learning has been found to be useful both in HIV risk prediction and as a decision support tool for guiding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This paper reports data from two sequential studies evaluating the viability of using machine learning to predict the susceptibility of adults to HIV infection using responses from a digital survey deployed in a high burden, low-resource setting.

METHODS

1036 and 593 participants were recruited across two trials. The first trial was a cross-sectional study in one location and the second trial was a cohort study across three trial sites. The data from the studies were merged, partitioned using standard techniques, and then used to train and evaluate multiple different machine learning models and select and evaluate a final model. Variable importance estimates were calculated using the PIMP and SHAP methodologies.

RESULTS

Characteristics associated with HIV were consistent across both studies. Overall, HIV positive patients had a higher median age (34 [IQR: 29-39] vs 26 [IQR 22-33], p<0.001), and were more likely to be female (155/703 [22%] vs 107/927 [12%], p<0.001). HIV positive participants also had more commonly gone a year or more since their last HIV test (183/262 [70%] vs 540/1368 [39%], p<0.001) and were less likely to report consistent condom usage (113/262 [43%] vs 758/1368 [55%], p<0.001). Patients who reported TB symptoms were more likely to be HIV positive. The trained models had accuracy values (AUROCs) ranging from 78.5% to 82.8%. A boosted tree model performed best with a sensitivity of 84% (95% CI 72 – 92), specificity of 71% (95% CI 67 – 76), and a negative predictive value of 95% (95% CI 93 – 96) in a hold-out dataset. Age, duration since last HIV test, and number of male sexual partners were consistently three of the four most important variables across both variable importance estimates.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has highlighted the synergies present between mobile health and ML in HIV. It has been demonstrated that a viable ML model can be built using digital survey data from an low-middle income setting with potential utility in directing health resources.

CLINICALTRIAL

This study is registered on the South African National Clinical Trial Registry (www.sanctr.gov.za; DOH-27-042021-679).
Open-Source Intelligence for Detection of Radiological Events and Syndromes Following the Invasion of Ukraine in 2022: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Stone Haley , Heslop David , Lim Samsung , Sarmiento Ines , Kunasekaran Mohana , MacIntyre C Raina
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

On February 25, 2022, Russian forces took control of the Chernobyl power plant after continuous fighting within the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Continual events occurred in the month of March, which raised the risk of potential contamination of previously uncontaminated areas and the potential for impacts on human and environmental health. The disruption of war has caused interruptions to normal preventive activities, and radiation monitoring sensors have been nonfunctional. Open-source intelligence can be informative when formal reporting and data are unavailable.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aimed to demonstrate the value of open-source intelligence in Ukraine to identify signals of potential radiological events of health significance during the Ukrainian conflict.

METHODS

Data were collected from search terminology for radiobiological events and acute radiation syndrome detection between February 1 and March 20, 2022, using 2 open-source intelligence (OSINT) systems, EPIWATCH and Epitweetr.

RESULTS

Both EPIWATCH and Epitweetr identified signals of potential radiobiological events throughout Ukraine, particularly on March 4 in Kyiv, Bucha, and Chernobyl.

CONCLUSIONS

Open-source data can provide valuable intelligence and early warning about potential radiation hazards in conditions of war, where formal reporting and mitigation may be lacking, to enable timely emergency and public health responses.
Application of Artificial Intelligence to the Monitoring of Medication Adherence for Tuberculosis Treatment in Africa: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Sekandi Juliet Nabbuye , Shi Weili , Zhu Ronghang , Kaggwa Patrick , Mwebaze Ernest , Li Sheng
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications based on advanced deep learning methods in image recognition tasks can increase efficiency in the monitoring of medication adherence through automation. AI has sparsely been evaluated for the monitoring of medication adherence in clinical settings. However, AI has the potential to transform the way health care is delivered even in limited-resource settings such as Africa.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to pilot the development of a deep learning model for simple binary classification and confirmation of proper medication adherence to enhance efficiency in the use of video monitoring of patients in tuberculosis treatment.

METHODS

We used a secondary data set of 861 video images of medication intake that were collected from consenting adult patients with tuberculosis in an institutional review board–approved study evaluating video-observed therapy in Uganda. The video images were processed through a series of steps to prepare them for use in a training model. First, we annotated videos using a specific protocol to eliminate those with poor quality. After the initial annotation step, 497 videos had sufficient quality for training the models. Among them, 405 were positive samples, whereas 92 were negative samples. With some preprocessing techniques, we obtained 160 frames with a size of 224 × 224 in each video. We used a deep learning framework that leveraged 4 convolutional neural networks models to extract visual features from the video frames and automatically perform binary classification of adherence or nonadherence. We evaluated the diagnostic properties of the different models using sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and precision. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the discriminative performance and the speed per video review as a metric for model efficiency. We conducted a 5-fold internal cross-validation to determine the diagnostic and discriminative performance of the models. We did not conduct external validation due to a lack of publicly available data sets with specific medication intake video frames.

RESULTS

Diagnostic properties and discriminative performance from internal cross-validation were moderate to high in the binary classification tasks with 4 selected automated deep learning models. The sensitivity ranged from 92.8 to 95.8%, specificity from 43.5 to 55.4%, F1-score from 0.91 to 0.92, precision from 88% to 90.1%, and AUC from 0.78 to 0.85. The 3D ResNet model had the highest precision, AUC, and speed.

CONCLUSIONS

All 4 deep learning models showed comparable diagnostic properties and discriminative performance. The findings serve as a reasonable proof of concept to support the potential application of AI in the binary classification of video frames to predict medication adherence.
Serious Game for the Screening of Central Auditory Processing Disorder in School-Age Children: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gabaldón-Pérez Ana-Marta , Dolón-Poza María , Eckert Martina , Máximo-Bocanegra Nuria , Martín-Ruiz María-Luisa , Pau De La Cruz Iván
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Currently, many central auditory processing disorder screening tests are available for children, and serious games (SGs) are frequently used as a tool for the diagnosis of different neural deficits and disorders in health care. However, it has not been possible to find a proposal that unifies both ideas. In addition, the validation and improvement of SGs, in general, does not take into account the player-game interaction, thus omitting valuable information about the playability and usability of the game.

OBJECTIVE

This study presented Amalia’s Planet, a game conceived for use in school environments, which allows a first assessment of a child through their performance of the proposed tasks related to different aspects of auditory performance. In addition, the game defines a series of events in relation to the execution of the tasks, which were evaluated for the subsequent optimization of its performance and the improvement of its usability.

METHODS

Using screening tools based on the use of SG technologies, a total of 87 school-age children were evaluated to test the various hypotheses proposed in this study. By grouping users according to whether they had personal history of hearing pathologies, the discriminant power, playability, and usability of the final solution were examined using traditional statistical techniques and process mining (PM) algorithms.

RESULTS

With a confidence level of 80% for test 2 (P=.19), there was no statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis that a player’s performance is affected by whether the player had a previous auditory pathology. Furthermore, the tool allowed the screening of 2 players initially categorized as healthy because of their low level of performance in the tests and the similarity of their behavior with that of the group of children with a previous pathology. With regard to the validation of the proposed solution, the use of PM techniques made it possible to detect the existence of events that lasted too long, which can lead to player frustration, and to discover small structural flaws in the game.

CONCLUSIONS

SGs seem to be an appropriate tool for the screening of children at risk of central auditory processing disorder. Moreover, the set of PM techniques provides a reliable source of information regarding the playability and usability of the solution to the development team, allowing its continuous optimization.
“Make America White Again”. Los cambios en la política migratoria de Estados Unidos bajo el gobierno de Donald Trump
Authors: Cárdenas Alaminos Nuty
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo analiza cómo uno de los cambios más importantes en el gobierno de Donald Trump fue la restricción del ingreso por la vía familiar en todas las dimensiones de la política migratoria: permanente, temporal, sin documentos y humanitaria. Basado en el modelo de Fitzgerald y Cook-Martin (2014), la selección de la población migrante se llevó a cabo a través de la aplicación de diversas órdenes ejecutivas y cambios administrativos. Específicamente, se elevaron los costos (económicos y humanitarios) para los migrantes y sus familias con la finalidad de desincentivarles a continuar con su proyecto migratorio (llegada, estadía y/o para la eventual reunificación de más familiares) según fuese el caso.  Lo anterior en aras de cumplir uno de los idearios de dicha administración que fue detener el crecimiento de la población no blanca en Estados Unidos. La aplicación de esta política tuvo un particular impacto negativo en los mexicanos y centroamericanos.
Las especialidades odontopediátricas hospitalarias
Authors: Durán Gutiérrez Américo
Published: June 2022

Dentro de la gama de especialidades odontológicas que se ofertan en diferentes escuelas, existe un grupo de especialistas que pueden ser formados en hospitales o en escuelas de odontología convencionales, dentro de este grupo de especialidades está la odontopediatría, la cual tiene la misma duración de dos años, pero definitivamente no es lo mismo.
Microfiltración en un cemento dental tipo MTA modificado con wollastonita y vidrio bioactivo
Authors: Mendoza Herrera María Carolina , Flores Ledesma Abigailt , Barceló Santana Federico Humberto
Published: June 2022

Un material de retroobturación como el MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) debe de ser de fácil manejo, biocompatible, tener baja o nula solubilidad y ser dimensionalmente estable para evitar filtraciones asociadas a los cambios volumétricos. Objetivo: Medir la filtración en un cemento dental tipo MTA modificado con wollastonita y vidrio bioactivo. Material y métodos: Se establecieron ocho grupos: MTA Angelus (control), MTA Exp (cemento Portland blanco más 20 wt% de trióxido de bismuto), otros seis grupos se formaron con la adición de 10, 20 y 30 wt% de wollastonita y vidrio bioactivo al MTA Exp. Dientes permanentes uniradiculares, raíz recta y con ápice cerrado fueron preparados con técnica crown-down con fuerzas balanceadas para obtener un diámetro estandarizado a lima apical maestra #40. Se cortaron 3 mm del ápice se prepararon retrocavidades de 3 mm de profundidad con punta de ultrasonido donde fueron colocados los cementos, el extremo apical fue sumergido en solución de azul de metileno al 2% durante 24 horas. Resutlados: MTA Exp fue el que presentó menor filtración con un promedio de 0.66 mm, mientras que el grupo de WO10 fue el de mayor con 1.61 mm. MTA Angelus usado como control presentó 0.71 mm de microfiltración, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con WO10, (ANOVA p < 0.001, Dunett p < 0.001). Conclusiones: Se observa que en el caso de los cementos con los agregados de wollastonita y vidrio bioactivo la microfiltración disminuye conforme aumenta el porcentaje del agregado, se sugiere el uso de otras técnicas complementarias para medir la microfiltración.
Adaptación y validación de un instrumento con la metodología SERVQUAL en clínicas de docencia y servicios estomatológicos
Authors: López Ramírez Edith , Castañón Herrera Alberto , Sifuentes Valenzuela María Cristina , Flores Yáñez Consuelo , Helmes-Gómez Leticia , Vaillard Jiménez Esther , Lucero Rodríguez Rebeca
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Adaptar y validar un instrumento para evaluar la calidad, en las clínicas de docencia y Servicio de Estomatología con la metodología SERVQUAL. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional y prospectivo validado con una alfa de Cronbach. Se diseñó un instrumento con la metodología de SERVQUAL de Parasuraman, Zeithaml y Berry (P, Z y B) aplicándose a una muestra aleatoria estratifi cada constituida por 400 pacientes de las clínicas de docencia y servicio de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP). Para su elaboración se tomaron en cuenta las cinco dimensiones propuestas por los autores: tangibilidad, fi abilidad, capacidad de respuesta, seguridad y empatía. Resultados: El instrumento reportó una validez clasifi cable como excelente de acuerdo (criterios de George y Mallery) con un valor alfa de Cronbach de 0.967 para la primera parte del instrumento correspondiente a «expectativas» y la segunda parte correspondiente a «percepciones» con 0.923. Discusión: Derivado de la validación a través del análisis factorial y los altos índices obtenidos con el índice del alfa de Cronbach ambas partes del instrumento permanecieron sin cambio. Conclusiones: En los servicios de salud existen un gran número de instrumentos validados para identifi car el grado de satisfacción, sin embargo, cada instrumento debe identificar y ubicar en cada una de las dimensiones del modelo seleccionando los procesos realizados en los servicios a evaluar para obtener resultados objetivos. La confiablidad, validez y aplicabilidad del instrumento cumplió con esas expectativas.
Longitud de trabajo electrónica con Raypex 6 en conductos de molares inferiores
Authors: J Broon Norberto , Cruz Álvaro , Palafox Sánchez Claudia A , Padilla Delgado Rocío Stefany , Torres Camarena Analí
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la precisión de Raypex 6 para localizar el foramen y ubicarse en la zona cemento dentina conducto (CDC) en conductos de molares inferiores por medio de diafanización. Material y métodos: 52 conductos permeables de 20 molares inferiores extraídos inmersos en alginato fueron utilizados. Se realizó abertura coronaria, localización, permeabilización e irrigación con hipoclorito de sodio al 5.25%. Con el localizador electrónico Raypex 6 se obtuvo conductometría electrónica. Se introdujo lima tipo K #15 o 20 en cada muestra que tenía el clip labial inserto en alginato. La pantalla del dispositivo indicó la posición del foramen apical en la barra roja y se procedió a reajustar la posición de la lima K en las dos primeras barras amarillas y la lima se fi jó con resina acrílica. Los dientes se diafanizaron por medio de la técnica de ácido nítrico y se mantuvieron en salicilato de metilo. Las muestras se analizaron con microscopio clínico a 16x y de manera subjetiva se asignó el valor de preciso, si la punta de la lima se ubicó entre 0 a -0.5 mm, fuera o positivo (+) si la lima estuvo +0.1 mm o más y corto o negativo (-) si fue de -0.51 mm o menos con respecto al foramen apical. Resultados: De las 52 muestras analizadas, se encontraron 40 precisas, siete largas y cinco cortas. La estadística descriptiva demostró 76.9% de precisión. Conclusión: La longitud de trabajo electrónica con Raypex 6 mostró una adecuada precisión en conductos mesiales de molares inferiores.
Fibrolipoma en cavidad oral
Authors: Freitas Ramos Tarsila de Carvalho , Borges Alves Lísia Daltro , Rios Moura Jamille , Souza Freitas Valéria
Published: June 2022

El fi brolipoma es la más prevalente de las variaciones histológicas del lipoma. Clínicamente, se asemeja mucho al lipoma y por eso muchas veces es subdiagnosticado. Es una lesión de comportamiento benigno, que raras veces se desarrolla en la cavidad oral y que suele ser asintomática. Estos factores asociados contribuyen para que la mayoría de los pacientes sólo busquen tratamiento cuando las lesiones presentan grandes dimensiones, están ulceradas y/o causan difi cultades en la masticación y deglución. El objetivo de este estudio es relatar tres casos de fi brolipoma en cavidad oral. Los tres casos relatados son de mujeres, con edades entre 38 y 49 años, que presentaban una lesión nodular, indolora, en región de mucosa yugal y con dimensiones variables entre 1 y 2 cm. En todos los casos las sospechas diagnósticas iniciales fueron de fi broma o lipoma, pero el análisis histopatológico concluyó que se trataban de fi brolipomas. Los fi brolipomas son lesiones raras en la cavidad oral y presentan características clínicas semejantes a diversas lesiones, de modo que suelen ser diagnosticados como una de estas entidades. De este modo, se resalta la importancia de la ejecución del estudio histopatológico, para que se pueda realizar un correcto diagnóstico de esta patología.
Determinación de la frecuencia de PNUs en una población heterogénea cerrada y su utilidad como marcadores para estudios de asociación genética en casos de labio y paladar hendido no sindrómico
Authors: Lloret Rivas Miguel Francisco Javier , Terán Alcocer Aidé , Sotomayor Villezcas Viridiana , Ortega Ramírez Guadalupe , Martínez López López Gabriela , Valenzuela Martínez Roberto , Hernández Moreno María José , Lloret Sandoval Alejandro
Published: June 2022

El labio y paladar hendido es una de las patologías congénitas con mayor prevalencia en el mundo. En el presente trabajo se hace un análisis de 12 PNU localizados en las secuencias genómicas de ABCA4, BMP4, MSX1, SUMO1, VAX1 y IRF6, bajo una perspectiva epidemiológica, de genética molecular, genómica y de genética de poblaciones; todo lo anterior aplicado a una población de Querétaro, México, de origen genético mixto. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico y descriptivo a partir de muestras de 93 tríadas (sujetos de estudio y sus padres). Al seleccionar PNU que puedan ser diferenciados por medio de RFLP esperamos distinguir entre marcadores genéticos que: 1) cumplan con la ecuación de equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg y 2) validarlos como potenciales marcadores genéticos para ser empleados en estudios de asociación en poblaciones cerradas de origen genético mixto con labio y paladar hendido (Amealco, Querétaro, México). De ser así, posteriormente se plantea probar las frecuencias obtenidas con una población seleccionada genéticamente cerrada de Amealco, Querétaro. Resultados: Después de realizar el análisis RFLP de 12 PNU localizados en la secuencia de genes ABCA4, BMP4, MSX1, SUMO1, VAX1 y IRF6, hallamos el mismo alelo para PNU analizado, el cual se encuentra en el 100% de la población. Conclusión: De los 12 PNU analizados, en este reporte, por primera vez se menciona la frecuencia de cinco de ellos. Los restantes siete presentaron la misma frecuencia reportada en la literatura. Aunque los PNU seleccionados no fueron de utilidad como marcadores genéticos debido a que el mismo alelo está presente en el 100% de la población general. El hecho de haberlos encontrado en el mismo genotipo de todas las muestras indica que la población de la ciudad de Querétaro es genéticamente cerrada y con base en esto extremadamente útil para futuras validaciones de otros PNU como posibles marcadores genéticos.
Dens invaginatus: reporte de un caso clínico
Authors: López Hernández Ruth Nayeli , Campos Ibarra Paola , Dávila García Gabriela , Camacho Hernández Alejandro , Tenorio Rocha Fernando
Published: June 2022

Introducción: De las malformaciones dentales una de las más frecuentes es el dens invaginatus o dens in dente, esta alteración anatómica representa un reto para el clínico, debido a su anatomía compleja; sin embargo, gracias a los auxiliares de diagnóstico como la tomografía cone-beam, podremos planear el tratamiento para ofrecer el mejor pronóstico. El presente artículo relata un caso clínico de dens in dente presente en diente veintiuno, con necrosis pulpar y periodontitis apical asintomática. Se solicitó TAC cone-beam, se diagnosticó como tipo II según Oehlers; es instrumentado, irrigado con ultrasonido y obturado con técnica «onda continua de calor», con un éxito radiográfi co a seis meses de evolución. Actualmente, gracias a los métodos de diagnóstico y auxiliares de tratamiento tales como el ultrasonido, los sistemas de inyección de gutapercha, se pueden ofrecer tratamientos más efi cientes en la terapéutica endodóncica.
Fracturas frontales del macizo craneal. Reporte de un caso clínico
Authors: López Aparicio Erich , Camargo Coronell Kenny , Díaz Caballero Antonio
Published: June 2022

Las fracturas frontales del macizo craneal corresponden a una patología importante, se dan como consecuencia de traumatismos en la región superior de la cara; sus causas pueden ser diversas como: accidentes, fuertes golpes, objetos extraños, etcétera. Las clasifi caciones para este tipo de traumas fueron descritas por diferentes autores, dependiendo de la parte anatómica afectada. Caso clínico donde se reporta un paciente de sexo masculino de 29 años, demostrando una depresión en el tercio superior de la cara como secuela a trauma contundente, al cual se le ofreció un tratamiento de reconstrucción ósea con polieteretercetona a la medida, para devolver su debida anatomía y funcionalidad. Finalmente se obtuvieron resultados exitosos al tratamiento. Los materiales aloplásticos realizados a la medida son una excelente alternativa para estos procedimientos, ya que proveen menor morbilidad y excelentes resultados estéticos.
Luis Valdivia Vera: Pionero de la antropología dental en el Perú
Authors: Aliaga Rodríguez Gustavo
Published: June 2022

Si uno revisa la cuidadosa edición, The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects, publicada en el 2012 por la Oxford University Press descubrirá en el capítulo dedicado al Perú, que, junto a los nombres de los médicos peruanos Julio C. Tello, Pedro Weiss, Fernando Cabieses, Uriel García y Guido Lombardi, fi gura el del cirujano-dentista Luis Alberto Valdivia Vera.
Cuantificación de la radiación secundaria con dosímetros de luminiscencia ópticamente estimulada en la zona de tiroides durante la exposición a ortopantomografías digitales
Authors: Avalos Piña Lourdes Yatzil , Aquino Ignacio Marino Crispín , Granados Silvestre María del Carmen , Gutiérrez Márquez Jesús Gerardo , Rodríguez Hidalgo Alejandra
Published: June 2022

En la práctica odontológica, en la toma de radiografías no es común la colocación de dosímetros en los pacientes, sin embargo, por medio de la dosimetría podemos mantener un mejor control de la cantidad de radiación que es emitida a los pacientes, de la dosis de radiación y de la sensibilidad del tejido frente a la radiación, para así prevenir en algún momento los posibles efectos nocivos de la radiación ionizante; puesto que en odontología se encuentran por debajo las dosis umbral requeridas para producir reacciones tisulares (efectos deterministas), sin embargo, los efectos estocásticos pueden desarrollarse y presentarse con cualquier dosis de radiación. En este estudio nos enfocaremos en las ortopantomografías que son auxiliares de diagnóstico previo a un tratamiento odontológico.
Estado de salud bucal en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica bajo tratamiento con hemodiálisis
Authors: Vizuete Bolaños Marco Xavier , Dona Vidale Marina Antonia , Gordon Navarrete Diana Patricia , Sempertegui Jácome David Andrés , Sosa Carrero Miguel Ángel , Singo Salazar Christian Andrés
Published: June 2022

La insufi ciencia renal crónica es una enfermedad considerada como una enfermedad catastrófi ca y se encuentra entre las primeras 50 principales causas de muerte en América Latina. Esta enfermedad presenta varias manifestaciones en la cavidad oral de gran importancia odontológica, ya que pueden repercutir en la salud bucal de los pacientes con insufi ciencia renal crónica. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de manifestaciones bucales, dentales y periodontales en pacientes con insufi ciencia renal crónica bajo tratamiento con hemodiálisis, atendidos en el centro «NEFROLOGY», mediante un estudio transversal realizado en 62 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se realizó una observación clínica directa de manifestaciones bucales, examen periodontal e índices epidemiológicos de morbilidad bucal (CPO, higiene oral de Greene-Vermillion y placa dentobacteriana de O’Leary). Los resultados obtenidos fueron mediante la prueba de χ2 , p < 0.05. La principal manifestación bucal fue la palidez de mucosa, la periodontitis severa fue el principal diagnóstico hallado periodontalmente y 57 pacientes presentaron pérdidas de piezas dentales junto con alto índice de acumulación de placa dentobacteriana.
Cavidad ósea de Stafne en un paciente pediátrico: informe de un caso
Authors: Tiol Carrillo Agustín , García Martínez Guillermo , De la O Zavala Jesús Alejandro , Rodríguez Hernández Óscar Jonathan
Published: June 2022

La cavidad ósea de Stafne es un hallazgo radiográfi co encontrado accidentalmente durante la exploración imagenológica de rutina. Este suceso se aprecia como una zona radiolúcida, bien delimitada y unilateral, encontrada en la parte posterior de la mandíbula. La mayoría de las ocasiones este hallazgo radiográfi co es confundido con patologías de origen tumoral o quístico. Sin embargo, al tratarse de una variante anatómica no requiere tratamiento alguno. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar el caso de un niño de ocho años de edad quien fue referido por presentar una lesión aislada a nivel mandibular encontrada accidentalmente durante un estudio radiográfi co, confundida inicialmente con un tumor, mismo que al ser estudiado a profundidad, no era más que un hallazgo anatómico no patológico: la cavidad ósea de de Stafne.
Obturadores de paladar en el sistema respiratorio-fono-articular. Caso clínico
Authors: Robledo Carrizales Lucía Guadalupe , Torres Terán José Federico , González Cardín Vicente Ernesto
Published: June 2022

Los maxilares son los huesos que proveen soporte a la base del cráneo y son esenciales en la caja de resonancia para la producción de la voz, así como el sostén de los músculos del paladar blando por lo que los defectos creados en estas estructuras anatómicas tras la resección de neoplasias o traumatismos, dan como consecuencia la pérdida de algunas funciones como la fonación, deglución, masticación, respiración, estética y la pérdida de la autoestima. El paladar blando es un elemento esencial en los movimientos de la válvula velofaríngea que regula y dirige la transmisión de la energía del sonido y la presión de aire en las cavidades oral y nasal durante el habla, las resecciones de esta estructura involucran un reto en la rehabilitación.
Lipoma en región maxilofacial en pacientes pediátricos. Presentación de un caso
Authors: González Olivares Hilda , Juárez Rebollar Alejandra Giselle , Siordia Reyes Alicia Georgina
Published: June 2022

Se denominan lipomas aquellas lesiones benignas, pertenecientes al grupo de neoplasias mesenquimatosas compuestas por tejido adiposo con o sin cápsula fibrosa u otros elementos histológicos que determinarán sus características físicas. Dentro de las neoplasias benignas se presentan del 13-20% en cabeza y cuello, reportándose 0.5-5% en cavidad bucal, por lo que se considera poco común en la región maxilofacial, siendo más frecuente después de la quinta década de vida, es raro que se presente en pacientes jóvenes o niños. Es por ello que presentamos el reporte de un caso de lipoma en paciente pediátrico, el cual tratamos en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial Pediátrica del Hospital de Pediatría «Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freud», Centro Médico Siglo XXI.
Evaluación del riesgo de sesgo en revisiones sistemáticas de estudios de prevalencia
Authors: Cruz Peralta Agles , Peralta Pedrero María Luisa
Published: June 2022

Las revisiones sistemáticas (RS) de estudios de prevalencia cada vez son más necesarias; sin embargo, aún no se cuenta con una metodología completamente estructurada y aceptada para asegurar alta calidad. En cambio, para las RS de ensayos clínicos la metodología se encuentra muy bien estructurada en el «Manual de Revisiones Sistemáticas de la Colaboración Cochrane» que es de acceso libre