bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kaolinite particles as ice nuclei: learning from the use of different kaolinite samples and different coatings
Authors: Wex H. , DeMott P. J. , Tobo Y. , Hartmann S. , Rösch M. , Clauss T. , Tomsche L. , Niedermeier D. , Stratmann F.
Published: June 2014

Abstract. Kaolinite particles from two different sources (Fluka and Clay Minerals Society (CMS)) were examined with respect to their ability to act as ice nuclei (IN). This was done in the water-subsaturated regime where often deposition ice nucleation is assumed to occur, and for water-supersaturated conditions, i.e., in the immersion freezing mode. Measurements were done using a flow tube (the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator, LACIS) and a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFDC). Pure and coated particles were used, with coating thicknesses of a few nanometers or less, where the coating consisted of levoglucosan, succinic acid or sulfuric acid. In general, it was found that the coatings strongly reduced deposition ice nucleation. Remaining ice formation in the water-subsaturated regime could be attributed to immersion freezing, with particles immersed in concentrated solutions formed by the coatings. In the immersion freezing mode, ice nucleation rate coefficients jhet from both instruments agreed well with each other, particularly when the residence times in the instruments were accounted for. Fluka kaolinite particles coated with either levoglucosan or succinic acid showed the same IN activity as pure Fluka kaolinite particles; i.e., it can be assumed that these two types of coating did not alter the ice-active surface chemically, and that the coatings were diluted enough in the droplets that were formed prior to the ice nucleation, so that freezing point depression was negligible. However, Fluka kaolinite particles, which were either coated with pure sulfuric acid or were first coated with the acid and then exposed to additional water vapor, both showed a reduced ability to nucleate ice compared to the pure particles. For the CMS kaolinite particles, the ability to nucleate ice in the immersion freezing mode was similar for all examined particles, i.e., for the pure ones and the ones with the different types of coating. Moreover, jhet derived for the CMS kaolinite particles was comparable to jhet derived for Fluka kaolinite particles coated with sulfuric acid. This is suggestive for the Fluka kaolinite possessing a type of ice-nucleating surface feature which is not present on the CMS kaolinite, and which can be destroyed by reaction with sulfuric acid. This might be potassium feldspar.
Response of vegetation to the 2003 European drought was mitigated by height
Authors: Bevan S. L. , Los S. O. , North P. R. J.
Published: June 2014

Abstract. The effects on climate of land-cover change, predominantly from the conversion of forests to crops or grassland, are reasonably well understood for low and high latitudes but are largely unknown for temperate latitudes. The main reason for this gap in our knowledge is that there are compensating effects on the energy and water balance that are related to changes in land-surface albedo, soil evaporation and plant transpiration. We analyse how vegetation height affected the response of vegetation during the 2003 European drought using precipitation data, temperature data, normalized difference vegetation index data and a new vegetation height data set obtained from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) on the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). At the height of the 2003 drought we find for tall vegetation a significantly smaller decrease in vegetation index and a smaller diurnal temperature (DTR) range, indicating less water stress and drought impacts on tall vegetation. Over Germany for example, 98% of significant correlations showed a smaller anomaly in vegetation index anomaly with greater height, and 95% of significant correlations showed a smaller DTR with greater vegetation height. Over France the equivalent percentages were 94 and 88%, respectively. Vegetation height is likely associated with greater rooting depth, canopy heat capacity or both. Our results suggest that land-surface models can be improved by better estimates of vegetation height and associated with this a more realistic response to drought.
On the behavior of site effects in central Mexico (the Mexican volcanic belt – MVB), based on records of shallow earthquakes that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011
Authors: Clemente-Chavez A. , Zúñiga F. R. , Lermo J. , Figueroa-Soto A. , Valdés C. , Montiel M. , Chavez O. , Arroyo M.
Published: June 2014

Abstract. The Mexican volcanic belt (MVB) is a seismogenic zone that transects the central part of Mexico with an east–west orientation. The seismic risk and hazard of this seismogenic zone has not been studied in detail due to the scarcity of instrumental data as well as because seismicity in the continental regime of central Mexico is not too frequent. However, it is known that there are precedents of large earthquakes (Mw > 6.0) that have taken place in this zone. The valley of Mexico City (VM) is the sole zone, within the MVB, that has been studied in detail. Studies have mainly focused on the ground amplification during large events such as the 1985 subduction earthquake that occurred off coast of Michoacán. The purpose of this article is to analyze the behavior of site effects in the MVB zone based on records of shallow earthquakes (data not reported before) that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011. We present a general overview of site effects in the MVB, a classification of the stations in order to reduce the uncertainty in the data when obtaining attenuation parameters in future works, as well as some comparisons between the information presented here and that presented in previous studies. A regional evaluation of site effects and Fourier acceleration spectrum (FAS) shape was estimated based on 80 records of 22 shallow earthquakes within the MVB zone. Data of 25 stations were analyzed. Site effects were estimated by using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methodology. The results show that seismic waves are less amplified in the northeast sites of the MVB with respect to the rest of the zone and that it is possible to classify two groups of stations: (1) stations with negligible site amplification (NSA) and (2) stations with significant site amplification (SSA). Most of the sites in the first group showed small (<3) amplifications while the second group showed amplifications ranging from 4 to 6.5 at frequencies of about 0.35, 0.75, 15 and 23 Hz. With these groups of stations, average levels of amplification were contrasted for the first time with those caused by the subduction zone earthquakes. With respect to the FAS shapes, most of them showed similarities at similar epicentral distances. Finally, some variations of site effects were found when compared to those obtained in previous studies on different seismicity regions. These variations were attributed to the location of the source. These aspects help to advance the understanding about the amplification behavior and of the expected seismic risk on central Mexico due to large earthquakes within the MVB seismogenic zone.
Identification of storm surge events over the German Bight from atmospheric reanalysis and climate model data
Authors: Befort D. J. , Fischer M. , Leckebusch G. C. , Ulbrich U. , Ganske A. , Rosenhagen G. , Heinrich H.
Published: June 2014

Abstract. A new procedure for the identification of storm surge situations for the German Bight is developed and applied to reanalysis and global climate model data. This method is based on the empirical approach for estimating storm surge height using information about wind speed and wind direction. Here, we hypothesize that storm surge events are caused by 10 m winds with high wind speed and north-westerly direction in combination with a large-scale wind storm event affecting the North Sea region. The method is calibrated for ERA-40 data, using the data of the storm surge atlas for Cuxhaven. It is shown that using information of both: wind speed and direction as well as large-scale wind storm events improves the identification of storm surge events. To estimate possible future changes of potential storm surge events, we apply our approach to a small ensemble of three transient climate change simulations which are performed with the ECHAM5/MPIOM model under past and A1B greenhouse gas scenario forcing. We find an increase of the total number of storm surge relevant events by about 12% regarding the ensemble mean for the period from 2001 to 2100 with respect to the period from 1901 to 2000. Yearly numbers of storm surge relevant events show high interannual and decadal variability and only the time series for one of three runs shows a statistical significant increase of the yearly number of storm surge relevant events between 1900 and 2100. However, no changes in the maximum intensity and duration of these events is determined.
Assessing the Impact of Gender and Race on Earnings in the Library Science Labor Market
Authors: Sweeper Darren , Smith Steven A.
Published: June 2014

Using data from the 2003 National Survey of College Graduates, this paper examines earnings in the library science labor market and assesses the impact of gender on the income attainment process. We use this cross-sectional dataset to determine if there are significant income differences between male and female library science professionals. The approach taken in this paper is to build a theoretical model of income attainment for librarians. We then discuss the methodology used to analyze the data and test the model, followed by a discussion of the results and recommendations for further research.
The Eigenfactor MetricsTM: A Network Approach to Assessing Scholarly Journals
Authors: West Jevin D. , Bergstrom Theodore C. , Bergstrom Carl T.
Published: June 2014

Limited time and budgets have created a legitimate need for quantitative measures of scholarly work. The well-known journal impact factor is the leading measure of this sort; here we describe an alternative approach based on the full structure of the scholarly citation network. The Eigenfactor Metrics—Eigenfactor Score and Article Influence Score—use an iterative ranking scheme similar to Google’s PageRank algorithm. By this approach, citations from top journals are weighted more heavily than citations from lower-tier publications. Here we describe these metrics and the rankings that they provide.
Is Library Database Searching a Language Learning Activity?
Authors: Bordonaro Karen
Published: June 2014

This study explores how non-native speakers of English think of words to enter into library databases when they begin the process of searching for information in English. At issue is whether or not language learning takes place when these students use library databases. Language learning in this study refers to the use of strategies employed by students to develop English vocabulary knowledge. This study found that international students do seem to engage in language learning when using library databases, and it identifies and describes their strategies.
The Role of Synchronous Virtual Reference in Teaching and Learning: A Grounded Theory Analysis of Instant Messaging Transcripts
Authors: Passonneau Sarah , Coffey Dan
Published: June 2014

Electronic communication technologies continue to change the landscape of reference services. For many users, virtual communication is the preferred means of conversing. Synchronous virtual reference, similar to other synchronous means of communication, is an important method for reaching students and for providing teaching and learning opportunities. Grounded Theory (GT) research provides a method for examining the transcripts of synchronous virtual reference. In this study, the library implemented the instant messaging (IM) application known as Meebo. Using the qualitative software ATLAS.ti, Iowa State University Library researchers uploaded, analyzed, and coded the instant messaging transcripts. From the analysis, a snapshot developed of the library’s central role in educating the university community about research resources. This paper describes ongoing challenges that occur during synchronous virtual reference interviews and staff training needs that cannot be captured by number crunching alone. Synchronous virtual reference can provide essential teaching and learning experiences that complement the educational mission of most research universities.
Helping International Students Succeed Academically through Research Process and Plagiarism Workshops
Authors: Chen Yu-Hui , Van Ullen Mary K.
Published: June 2014

Workshops on the research process and plagiarism were designed to meet the needs of international students at the University at Albany. The research process workshop covered formulating research questions, as well as locating and evaluating sources. The plagiarism workshop focused on acknowledging sources, quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing materials, citation styles, and avoiding plagiarism. The effectiveness of the workshops was measured by administering pre-and post-tests and by interviewing students several months after the workshops. The results showed that students achieved significant improvement for both the research process and plagiarism by attending the training, and they continued to apply new skills several months later.
Serving Higher Education’s Highest Goals: Assessment of the Academic Library as Place
Authors: Jackson Heather Lea , Hahn Trudi Bellardo
Published: June 2014

An empirical study was conducted using methods borrowed from the psychology of religion (instead of corporate assessment techniques) to assess whether the academic library as place supports students’ desire to feel connected to higher education’s mission. The findings from an in-person survey of fifty-four students at three universities showed a preference for exterior and interior images of traditional libraries over those classed as modern, and those images evoked feelings of scholarship, engagement, spirituality, and other positive emotions, as well as subjects’ desire to use those spaces more than they currently use their existing library.
Uncovering Meaningful Correlation between Student Academic Performance and Library Material Usage
Authors: Wong Shun Han Rebekah , Webb T.D.
Published: June 2014

Academic libraries must demonstrate empirically that library usage does contribute positively to student academic performance and, thereby, to the university’s effectiveness. While customary academic library assessment practices may not be sufficient for this purpose, the Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) Library undertook an experimental project, which intended to establish a mathematical correlation between student library material usage and their cumulative grade point average (GPA). Taking 2007 to 2009 graduates as samples, with 8,701 pairs of data, the HKBU Library was able to demonstrate its impact on student learning outcomes.
Characteristics of Open Access Journals in Six Subject Areas
Authors: Walters William H. , Linvill Anne C.
Published: June 2014

We examine the characteristics of 663 Open Access (OA) journals in biology, computer science, economics, history, medicine, and psychology, then compare the OA journals with impact factors to comparable subscription journals. There is great variation in the size of OA journals; the largest publishes more than 2,700 articles per year, but half publish 25 or fewer. While just 29 percent of OA journals charge publication fees, those journals represent 50 percent of the articles in our study. OA journals in the fields of biology and medicine are larger than the others, more likely to charge fees, and more likely to have a high citation impact. Overall, the OA journal landscape is greatly influenced by a few key publishers and journals.
Do They “Get It”? Student Usage of SFX Citation Linking Software
Authors: Imler Bonnie , Eichelberger Michelle
Published: June 2014

This study focuses on a quantitative assessment of undergraduate student use of SFX citation linking software. The study seeks to reveal whether or not students are using SFX, and, if so, how they are using it. Study participants were Penn State Altoona students, all of whom had received basic library instruction. Their research sessions were captured with screen capture software and then coded with Studiocode video coding technology. While not the prime focus of the study, the investigators also considered the effect of factors such as database Web design, images, and terminology on student usage of SFX.
Reading, Risk, and Reality: College Students and Reading for Pleasure
Authors: Gilbert Julie , Fister Barbara
Published: June 2014

News reports and well-publicized government studies have led to a popular perception that reading is an endangered activity, particularly among youth. In this study we surveyed college students, librarians, and college writing instructors about students’ attitudes toward reading for pleasure, examine barriers to voluntary reading among college students, and explore academic libraries’ potential role in promoting reading. Our findings suggest that students have a far higher interest in reading than is typically believed and recommend steps academic librarians can take to encourage reading for lifelong learning.
Academic Libraries in For-Profit Schools of Higher Education
Authors: Davis Jinnie Y. , Adams Mignon , Hardesty Larry
Published: June 2014

For-profit schools constitute the fastest-growing sector of higher education institutions in the United States.1 Yet accompanying the phenomenal growth of these proprietary colleges and universities has been considerable controversy over the role that the profit motive should play in higher education.2 The literature of higher education contains increasingly more works about proprietary schools. The library literature, however, offers little in this arena. Through this article, the authors seek to introduce the library readership to U.S. for-profit colleges and universities. We summarize their history and their characteristics, and we explore reasons for their success and present areas in which these schools appear to excel. With regard to their library services and resources, we focus on issues of concern based specifically on our experience with academic libraries in proprietary schools operating in the state of Ohio. Finally, we suggest ways in which these for-profit institutions can address the challenges faced by their libraries.
Cheerleader, Opportunity Seeker, and Master Strategist: ARL Directors as Entrepreneurial Leaders
Authors: Carpenter Maria Taesil Hudson
Published: June 2014

This study explores how directors of libraries with membership in the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), who are engaged in entrepreneurial leadership, define and view it. Through structured interviews and analysis of supporting documents, it examines how entrepreneurial leadership can be used as a means for creating new organizational structures, generating income, developing information delivery and technology solutions, building new partnerships, and improving services. This study has implications for library directors and administrators, organizational development specialists, and leadership trainers.
Making Online Instruction Count: Statistical Reporting of Web-Based Library Instruction Activities
Authors: Bottorff Tim , Todd Andrew
Published: June 2014

Statistical reporting of library instruction (LI) activities has historically focused on measures relevant to face-to-face (F2F) settings. However, newer forms of LI conducted in the online realm may be difficult to count in traditional ways, leading to inaccurate reporting to both internal and external stakeholders. A thorough literature review is combined with the results of an investigative survey to reveal the current status of reporting such activities. The results reveal considerable confusion about the reporting of Web-based LI activities, even though a number of librarians are devoting significant amounts of time to this important and growing area of librarianship.
Relevance of Library Collections for Graduate Student Research: A Citation Analysis Study of Doctoral Dissertations at Notre Dame
Authors: Kayongo Jessica , Helm Clarence
Published: June 2014

This study focused on determining the extent to which collections of the Hesburgh Libraries of Notre Dame met the needs of graduate students. This study data (2005–2007) consisted of a citation analysis of 248 dissertations and focused on the following questions: What were the graduate students citing in their dissertations? Did the library own the cited items? How did the disciplines compare in their citation patterns? The data showed that over 90 percent of the 39,106 citations were to books and journals. The libraries owned 67 percent of the items graduate students cited in their dissertations. The libraries owned 83 percent of the Arts & Humanities, 90 percent of the Engineering, 92 percent of the Science, and 75 percent of the Social Sciences sources in the top 1,000 most cited titles, indicating a need for funding for further development of Social Sciences collections in the Hesburgh Libraries.
Library Spaces for Urban, Diverse Commuter Students: A Participatory Action Research Project
Authors: Brown-Sica Margaret S.
Published: June 2014

A data-gathering project using elements of Participatory Action Research was conducted at the Auraria Library, which serves the University of Colorado Denver, the Metropolitan State College of Denver and the Community College of Denver. The project was administered in order to shape a plan to develop a Learning Commons environment at the library. The researcher thought that the needs on a campus with many non-traditional, commuter students might differ from the needs of a more traditional college campus. Information was gathered using surveys, spontaneous focus groups, flipcharts and observation. Results were used and interpreted by students in an architecture class.
Dual Archivist/Librarians: Balancing the Benefits and Challenges of Diverse Responsibilities
Authors: Manning Mary , Silva Judy
Published: June 2014

A survey of college and university archivists revealed that their roles and responsibilities are broad and diverse. Archival responsibilities have expanded across the board. For the purposes of this study, survey respondents were divided into two groups: archivists with and archivists without library responsibilities. Archivists with library responsibilities, or dual archivist/librarians, commented on a range of responsibilities that they find both beneficial and challenging. These dual archivist/librarians’ roles and responsibilities are the focus of this study.
Assessment of the Research Learning Needs of University of Saskatchewan Librarians: A Case Study
Authors: Schrader Alvin M. , Shiri Ali , Williamson Vicki
Published: June 2014

As academic librarians with faculty status increasingly embrace research engagement as a core value and requirement, one of the little-studied questions is the extent to which they possess the requisite knowledge and skills to conduct high-quality research and scholarship and what further learning needs they might have within the organizational setting. This paper summarizes an institutional case study of the research knowledge of academic librarians employed at the University of Saskatchewan, encompassing their current research interests, experiences, competencies, environmental context, and learning needs. The goal was to develop a framework for additional educational activities and institutional supports that would enhance their knowledge and skills.
Beyond the Job Ad: Employers and Library Instruction
Authors: Hall Russell A.
Published: June 2014

Many content analyses of job ads have revealed the skills and experience needed in academic library jobs and show that library instruction is an important job duty. This study moves beyond the content of the job ads and surveys the employers themselves (in the person of the supervisor). The survey revealed that supervisors highly value library instruction. Other findings relate to the types of instruction duties the new employee will engage in and the ways that these employees learn how to do library instruction, as well as how much time the employee spends on instruction-related duties.
New Journals in Education and Psychology: General Trends, Discoverability, and Ubiquitous Journals of the Decade, 2000–2009
Authors: Lear Bernadette A.
Published: June 2014

This study identified nearly 700 English-language refereed journals in education and psychology that were founded in 2000–2009. Part one discusses the publishers, format, open-access availability, and current status of these publications. Titles were then searched against coverage lists of EBSCO Academic Search Complete, Gale Academic OneFile, ProQuest Central, ERIC, PsycINFO, Web of Science, DOAJ, Google Scholar, WorldCAT, and the library catalogs of the “Big Ten” universities to determine whether databases and libraries include these new publications. Subscription database coverage was poor, ranging from 8.8 percent (ProQuest Central) to 42.0 percent (PsycINFO). Psychology materials were heavily favored over education items in several databases. Although some library catalogs provide better title-level coverage, they are unable to search individual articles. Google Scholar only indexed the publishers’ versions of the journals in 143 (58.0%) of 247 cases examined. Significant differences in database coverage and library holdings were found when comparing publications of major corporations (Elsevier, Routledge/Taylor & Francis, Sage, Springer, and Wiley) against periodicals produced by smaller companies, colleges/universities, and scholarly/professional organizations. This article also describes a “ubiquity index” devised by the author to identify approximately 70 “journals of the decade” based on database coverage and library holdings. The study provides much cause for concern about the comprehensiveness and currency of existing discovery tools. It also offers evidence that the relationship between libraries and publishing conglomerates deserves further examination.
The Importance of Search as Intertextual Practice for Undergraduate Research
Authors: Bodemer Brett B.
Published: June 2014

By first reassessing the role of search in the literacy event of the lower division undergraduate paper, this article argues that searching is not a lower-order mental activity but a concurrent, integral component of the research-writing process. This conclusion has large implications for information literacy instructional design, and several practical applications to further support undergraduate research-writing are outlined.
A Review of Citation Analysis Methodologies for Collection Management
Authors: Hoffmann Kristin , Doucette Lise
Published: June 2014

While there is a considerable body of literature that presents the results of citation analysis studies, most researchers do not provide enough detail in their methodology to reproduce the study, nor do they provide rationale for methodological decisions. In this paper, we review the methodologies used in 34 recent articles that present a “user study” citation analysis with a goal of informing collection management. We describe major themes and outliers in the methodologies and discuss factors that require careful thought and analysis. We also provide a guide to considerations for citation analysis studies, so that researchers can make informed decisions.
A Study of Faculty Data Curation Behaviors and Attitudes at a Teaching-Centered University
Authors: Scaramozzino Jeanine Marie , Ramírez Marisa L. , McGaughey Karen J.
Published: June 2014

Academic libraries need reliable information on researcher data needs, data curation practices, and attitudes to identify and craft appropriate services that support outreach and teaching. This paper describes information gathered from a survey distributed to the College of Science and Mathematics faculty at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), a master’s-granting, teaching-centered institution. There was a more than 60 percent response rate to the survey. The survey results provided insight into the science researchers’ data curation awareness, behaviors, and attitudes, as well as what needs they exhibited for services and education regarding maintenance and management of data. It is important that professional librarians understand what researchers both inside and outside their own institutions know so that they can collaborate with their university colleagues to examine data curation needs.
Libraries across Land and Sea: Academic Library Services on International Branch Campuses
Authors: Green Harriett
Published: June 2014

This preliminary study explores how library services are offered at the international branch campuses of U.S. institutions of higher education, including librarians’ experiences, challenges faced, and collaborations with the home U.S. institutions. The data from a Web survey distributed to international branch campus librarians, a conducted interview, and statistical data are presented. The small sample survey data are analyzed qualitatively, suggesting insights on how librarians are embedded in student instruction and staff training and how libraries play an important role in the establishment of international branch campuses. A larger study is strongly suggested to gain more concrete inferences, and the article discusses the role of U.S. academic libraries in the globalization initiatives of their home institutions.
Academic Librarian Research: A Survey of Attitudes, Involvement, and Perceived Capabilities
Authors: Kennedy Marie R. , Brancolini Kristine R.
Published: June 2014

This article reports on the development and results of a recent survey of academic librarians about their attitudes, involvement, and perceived capabilities using and engaging in primary research. The purpose of the survey was to inform the development of a continuing education program in research design. It updates earlier studies of academic librarian research; with the introduction of a confidence scale, it also contributes new insights regarding how prepared librarians believe themselves to be with regard to conducting research. The authors found that confidence in one’s ability to perform the discrete steps in the research process is a statistically significant predictor of a librarian conducting research and disseminating the results. The analysis of the responses to the confidence scale and other survey questions suggests several paths for future research about academic librarians and their research agendas.
Overlap between Humanities Faculty Citation and Library Monograph Collections, 2004–2009
Authors: Knievel Jennifer , Kellsey Charlene
Published: June 2014

The authors wished to evaluate whether their collection housed the resources that their humanities faculty needed (and actually used) for their research, with the hope of providing additional illumination about general resource use by humanities scholars. This study asks not whether anyone used what was already owned, but instead whether the library owned what was needed. The answer to this question might have implications for storage or weeding decisions, approval plans for collections, and interlibrary loan. A citation analysis of 28 monographs published by their institution’s humanities faculty between 2004 and 2009 was used to assess how many of their cited sources were owned, how they were acquired (approval or firm order), their average age, and interdisciplinary usage as evidenced by LC classification. Subject areas assessed were History, Philosophy, Classics, and English. Findings include that one quarter of sources cited were over 25 years old, and that over the last fifteen years, the approval plan has provided more than three quarters of the sources cited that were owned.
The Citation Landscape of Scholarly Literature in LGBT Studies: A Snapshot for Subject Librarians
Authors: Antell Karen
Published: June 2014

This paper reports the results of a citation analysis of the scholarly literature of LGBT Studies. EBSCO’s LGBT Life database was used to gather a sample of 4,321 citations from core scholarly journals in the field of LGBT Studies, covering the time period 1974 to 2010. The analysis reveals that, although LGBT Studies as an area of scholarship emerged from the gay rights activist movement of the 1960s and 1970s, the field’s literature appears to be firmly rooted in the mainstream academic literature rather than in popular publications or community and activist periodicals. However, the field has a very high rate of cross-disciplinary citation and cites particularly heavily from medical journals and books. In addition to illuminating the citation characteristics of LGBT Studies, this paper presents lists of highly cited books and journals that should prove useful for subject librarians supporting LGBT Studies programs.
Book Lovers, Technophiles, Pragmatists, and Printers: The Social and Demographic Structure of User Attitudes toward e-Books
Authors: Revelle Andy , Messner Kevin , Shrimplin Aaron , Hurst Susan
Published: June 2014

Q-methodology was used to identify clusters of opinions about e-books at Miami University. The research identified four distinct opinion types among those investigated: Book Lovers, Technophiles, Pragmatists, and Printers. The initial Q-methodology study results were then used as a basis for a large-n survey of undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty so that we could have a more complete picture of the demographic and social makeup of the campus population. Results from that survey indicate that academic discipline is strongly associated with the respondents’ opinion types. Gender and educational status are also associated with respondents’ opinion types.
A Survey of the Experiences of African Librarians in American Academic Libraries
Authors: Ibraheem Abiodun I. , Devine Christopher
Published: June 2014

A national research study was undertaken to identify and clarify issues related to the employment in academic settings of African librarians who have relocated to the United States. It examined, by means of a survey, employment issues concerned with education, credentialing, language skills and cultural bias from the perspective of those librarians and concluded with a recommendation regarding the manner in which their skills might be utilized for the benefit of their homelands.
Unusual Suspects: The Case of Insider Theft in Research Libraries and Special Collections
Authors: Samuelson Todd , Sare Laura , Coker Catherine
Published: June 2014

The widespread theft of collection materials, including rare and unique items, continues to be an issue of great concern to libraries of all types. The potential loss of such items threatens not only an institution’s operations but, in many cases, global cultural heritage. Despite an increasingly open attitude among institutions regarding sharing information about lost items and suspected perpetrators, little scholarship has examined such thefts quantitatively in an effort to draw conclusions about how such incidents occur and how best to prevent them. This paper describes a project that examines data from over twenty years of reported library theft cases in libraries and special collections to determine how frequently such losses are perpetrated by library insiders.
The Value of Research in Academic Libraries
Authors: Perkins Gay Helen , Slowik Amy J.W.
Published: June 2014

In the summer of 2010, two researchers interviewed twenty-three library administrators of comparable academic libraries at American universities for their views of the value of research in academic libraries. The interview questions focused on the administrators’ perceived value of academic librarians’ research, incentives given to academic librarians to research, factors that influence the administrators’ thinking about academic library research, opinions about the changes in Americans libraries in the past decades, and directions that they see the academic library heading. This paper reflects the answers of these (anonymous) administrators and attempts to analyze patterns in their responses that will be of value to the academic library and its community in America.
Maternity and Paternity Policies Available to Academic Librarians
Authors: Connell Ruth Sara
Published: June 2014

This study examines how frequently parental leave and other related childcare policies are available to academic librarians across the United States. It also looks at the relationships between policies offered and types of academic libraries that offer those policies. The author surveyed administrators at academic libraries serving baccalaureate, master’s, and research institutions and discovered that benefits available to academic librarians are not as generous as those available to faculty, and that tenured and tenure-track librarians fare better than counterparts who are not eligible for tenure.
Where Do We Go from Here? Informing Academic Library Staffing through Reference Transaction Analysis
Authors: Bishop Bradley Wade , Bartlett Jennifer A.
Published: June 2014

This study conducted a systematic sample of every 70th reference transaction from over a three-year period and analyzed 1,852 reference transactions asked at an academic library system’s fifteen face-to-face (f2f) service points as well as via telephone, e-mail, and chat. Findings indicate two-thirds of the total questions asked were location-based questions about the library. Also, 80.2 percent of location-based questions and 77.2 percent of subject-based questions were asked f2f. Analysis of location-based reference questions informs effective deployment of librarians and staff at library service points as well as the development of mobile library apps.
The Open Access Availability of Library and Information Science Literature
Authors: Way Doug
Published: June 2014

To examine the open access availability of Library and Information Science (LIS) research, a study was conducted using Google Scholar to search for articles from 20 top LIS journals. The study examined whether Google Scholar was able to find any links to full text, if open access versions of the articles were available and where these articles were being hosted. The results showed that the archiving of articles is not a regular practice in the field; articles are not being deposited in institutional or subject repositories at a high rate; and, overall, the percentage of available open access articles in LIS was similar to the findings in previous studies. In addition, the study found that Google Scholar is an effective tool for finding known LIS articles.
Future Leaders’ Views on Organizational Culture
Authors: Maloney Krisellen , Antelman Kristin , Arlitsch Kenning , Butler John
Published: June 2014

Research libraries will continue to be affected by rapid and transformative changes in information technology and the networked environment for the foreseeable future. The pace and direction of these changes will profoundly challenge libraries and their staffs to respond effectively. This paper presents the results of a survey that was designed to discern the perceptions and preferences of future library leaders related to organizational cultures in these times of precipitous change. The study finds that future leaders of academic libraries perceive a significant gap between their current and preferred organizational cultures and that current organizational cultures limit their effectiveness.
Social Construction of Authorized Users in the Digital Age
Authors: Zhu Xiaohua , Eschenfelder Kristin R.
Published: June 2014

This paper analyzes changes to the definitions of “authorized users” contained in electronic resources licenses and embedded in access control technologies from the mid-1990s to the present. In analyzing changes to the license and technology-based definitions, it tracks shifts in major stakeholders’ perceptions of authorized users and describes developments in licensing and access control technologies. The paper demonstrates that the concept of authorized users has been shaped by a mix of social and technical elements, including changes to information providers’ and libraries’ business models and missions, shifts in norms for license terms, and development of technological tools used to facilitate or constrain access.
Library on the Go: A Focus Group Study of the Mobile Web and the Academic Library
Authors: Seeholzer Jamie , Salem Joseph A.
Published: June 2014

This study explores student use of the mobile Web in general and expectations for an academic library’s mobile Web site in particular through focus groups with students at Kent State University. Participants expressed more interest in using their mobile Web device to interact with library resources and services than anticipated. Results showed an interest in using research databases, the library catalog, and reference services on the mobile Web as well as contacting and being contacted by the library using text messaging.
Unheard Voices: Institutional Repository End-Users
Authors: St. Jean Beth , Rieh Soo Young , Yakel Elizabeth , Markey Karen
Published: June 2014

This exploratory study investigates the perceptions and experiences of a group of institutional repository (IR) stakeholders seldom heard from: end-users. We interviewed twenty IR end-users recruited through five IRs to discover how they characterize the IR, how/why they use the IR, their credibility judgments in relation to the IR, and their willingness to return to and/or recommend the IR. Despite our small sample size, we were able to ascertain that IR end-users, although not yet loyal IR devotees, recognize their value and unique nature. Our findings also revealed several areas for improvement, such as lack of visibility and transparency
Job Satisfaction of Canadian University Librarians: A National Survey
Authors: Leckie Gloria J. , Brett Jim
Published: June 2014

This study investigates the job satisfaction of Canadian university librarians, using a replication of a 1993 American study to facilitate international comparisons.1 It explores the relationships between faculty/academic status, administration, and the participation of librarians in library planning and decision-making, university affairs, and professional activities. A survey was sent to all university librarians in Canada, resulting in 738 usable responses. Data analysis concentrated on comparisons between faculty- and non-faculty-status librarians, and administrative and nonadministrative librarians. Although faculty-/academic-status librarians were significantly more satisfied with their involvement in university affairs and promotion and tenure processes, they were not more satisfied with other dimensions of their work, such as workload and salary. Administrative librarians, on the other hand, were significantly more satisfied with most of the major aspects of work being measured, and perceived themselves to be much more involved in library planning and university affairs than did nonadministrative librarians.
Access vs. Ownership: Do We Have to Make a Choice?
Authors: Kane Laura Townsend
Published: June 2014

The library profession is currently facing a dilemma that could ultimately impact the future of libraries and librarianship. In this rapidly changing age of technology, the traditional view of libraries as “warehouses of information” is being challenged by the more modern view of them as “providers of access to information.” A conflict has emerged between those in the profession who believe ownership of information is most important and those who believe access to information is most important. It would seem that every library must make a choice between the two. However, there is a third option that could possibly satisfy everyone as well as ensure that libraries continue to be viable and important information centers in the future. This is the “access and ownership” view.
Expectations and Effectiveness Using CD-ROMs: What Do Patrons Want and How Satisfied Are They?
Authors: McCarthy Cheryl A. , Krausse Sylvia C. , Little Arthur A.
Published: June 2014

As academic libraries wrestle with how to provide more CD-ROMs and more online remote access to databases to keep pace with demands, they first need to evaluate the effectiveness of their current services. This study identifies students’ preferences and effectiveness using CD-ROMs and assesses the whole CD-ROM environment at one university library. A questionnaire was used to ask students their preferences, confidence levels, skills, and training in searching CD-ROM databases, as well as their satisfaction with CD-ROM services (see the appendix). Analyses of the data revealed that users are satisfied and prefer CD-ROM databases over the print indices. Although students indicated they are confident searching, they admitted that they need to know basic search strategies and that they want more personal assistance, hands-on training, and remote online access to databases. Moreover, how can academic libraries meet increasing user demands for more database access and services when their resources are not increasing?
The Academic Elite in Library Science: Linkages among Top-Ranked Graduate Programs
Authors: Bair Jeffrey H. , Barrons Janice C.
Published: June 2014

In a national survey of deans, top administrators, and senior faculty, the ten top-ranked graduate programs in library science were substantially linked to one another by hiring one another’s graduates. It is suggested that this linkage helps these programs to maintain and enhance their prestige.
Initiating an Effective Personnel Development Program
Authors: Baldwin Virginia A. , Gibbs William J. , Slough Marlene M.
Published: June 2014

This study identified the educational interests of library personnel and investigated whether level of interest was a valid indicator of program participation. In the fall semester of 1993, Eastern Illinois University’s Booth Library surveyed all administrators, faculty, and staff. The objectives of the survey were to identify: (1) indicators of educational interests of library personnel at a medium-sized university; (2) departmental differences in educational interests; and (3) the relationship between employee interest in educational programs and employee participation in programs developed.
Libraries 2000: Transforming Libraries Using Document Delivery, Needs Assessment, and Networked Resources
Authors: Kleiner Jane P. , Hamaker Charles A.
Published: June 2014

The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College (LSU) Libraries are transforming traditional research library practices by containing serial expenditures, implementing network developments, and attracting grant support. This paper describes three projects designed to utilize document delivery and electronic access to expand collections, identify faculty journal needs, and share resources among Louisiana libraries. It reports the results of document-delivery pilots and journal needs assessment surveys of LSU science and social sciences faculty and compares findings. Data on the use and cost of subsidized document delivery are included. The article also summarizes the libraries’ grant activities, which have been awarded more than $6 million in three years.
Can Document Delivery Compensate for Reduced Serials Holdings? A Life Sciences Library Perspective
Authors: Hughes Janet
Published: June 2014

Access versus ownership is the new dilemma facing most librarians in view of the rising costs of serials and not equally increasing budgets. But, is giving access to articles through document delivery really a viable alternative to journal ownership? The Life Sciences Library at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, decided to test the viability of using commercial document delivery as compensation for discontinued ownership, as a complement to ownership, and as a supplement to ownership by providing access to cancelled, owned-but-unavailable, or never-owned journals through a commercial document delivery service. This article documents the evolution of that procedure and the results of the project.