bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leishmaniosis in dogs and cats
Authors: Elsheikha Hany , Wright Ian
Published: September 2018

Leishmania are vector-borne protozoan parasites. Infection with these parasites can result in a range of clinical diseases, dependent upon the infecting species. Leishmania infantum is the main species causing leishmaniosis in dogs and cats in Europe, as well as visceral and cutaneous forms of leishmaniosis in humans. Dogs are the main reservoir, but cats and other potential vertebrate reservoirs have been also reported. Sand flies (Phlebotomus spp.) are the main vectors, but non-vectorial transmission (e.g. venereal, transplacental) is possible. Lacking a gold-standard diagnostic test, diagnosis of leishmaniosis is achieved mainly based on clinical signs, skin histopathology, serological detection of specific immune responses against Leishmania spp., and molecular detection of the parasite DNA in tissues using polymerase chain reaction. Correct and early diagnosis is essential for timely institution of treatment and for minimising the transmission of Leishmania from infected animals to vectors. Meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol are the most widely used anti-leishmanial drugs, although miltefosine is emerging as a useful alternative to meglumine, especially in the renally-compromised patient. Vaccination to prevent disease is also available, but only for dogs. The advent of effective insecticide-impregnated collars and topical (‘spot-on’) formulations, and insights into the appropriate management of leishmaniosis, lends a hopeful outlook for the future. This article discusses biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of leishmaniosis in dogs and cats, and explains the importance of connecting clinical and research communities in a ‘One Health’ approach for effective surveillance and control of this disease.
Foundation principle can be used to engage parents
Authors: Hunt Maureen
Published: September 2018

How can childminders and other early years practitioners develop successful partnerships with families? Perhaps the answer lies in using the same framework that we use for children's learning?
Environmental influences
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: September 2018

In the second article of our series, we introduce the wonderful versatility of tuff trays, and explore ways of instantly turning these hard wearing cement mixers into imaginative and provocative play resources.
The nature of education
Authors: Solly Kathryn
Published: September 2018

Playing outdoors in nature is one of the very best opportunities children can be given. They will benefit greatly as they grow varied connections and rich appreciations of the natural environment.
Indo-Russian Strategic Partnership and Indian Military's Cold Start Doctrine
Authors: Summar Iqbal Babar  , Masood Ur Rehman Khattak  , Mujahid Hussain Sargana
Published: September 2018

The South Asian strategic stability is at risk because of the Indian military's doctrinal shift, massive military modernization and operationalization of the Cold Start Doctrine-(CSD) against a nuclear weapon state, Pakistan. This study is divided in two parts. The first part would emphasize on the strategic stability of South Asia and the Indian military's efforts to execute Cold Start Doctrine against Pakistan. Second part would highlight the Indo-Russian defense collaboration and its likely impact on regional security. The Russian T-90 MBTs, SU-30 MKI Air aircraft along with S-400 Air defense system, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities would be the backbone of any aggressive action against Pakistan. In addition, the Russian assistance in the nuclear submarines would provide India with assured second-strike capability and confidence to go for any misadventure against Pakistan under CSD. The Russian weapon and equipment would revamp the Indian military's overall warfighting capabilities, fill the operational gaps and enable India to operationalize the CSD against Pakistan. Limited war envisaged by the Indian military may not remain limited for Pakistan. Pakistan's quid pro quo response may push India to escalate the conflict which may endanger the deterrence stability in south Asia. Therefore, the Indian CSD is a threat to the regional peace and stability. India needs to consider shunning such types of strategies and resort to peaceful negotiations with Pakistan to resolve all outstanding issues for long term peace and stability in south Asia.
Nephroprotective efficacy of Asparagus racemosus root extract on acetaminophen-induced renal injury in rats
Authors: Roy Suchismita , Pradhan Shrabani , Mandal Shreya , Das Koushik , Nandi Dilip Kumar
Published: September 2018

Acetaminophen-induced renal necrosis and insufficiency occurs in patients with acetaminophen overdose. Renal failure is rapidly assuming epidemic proportions globally. In absence of reliable and effective nephroprotective drugs, strategies towards exploring alternative therapies for treatment of kidney diseases are essential. Asparagus racemosus is a medicinal plant used for treatment of various ailments. This research was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract in acetaminophen-induced uraemia and renal failure in rats. Rats were co-administered with acetaminophen injection and oral administration of A. racemosus roots extract in an attempt of protection against renal failure. Uremic biomarkers significantly decreased, and elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes were found, in the animals treated with ethanol fraction of A. racemosus when compared with acetaminophen treated uremic animals. Also, histology of kidneys showed control like structure in animals treated with this extract but severe damage in the uremic animals. HPLC analysis of the ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract revealed eight compounds out of which one had a retention time near to the quercetin standard. It may be concluded that this extract of A. racemosus has therapeutically useful nephroprotective potential.
Ist automatisiertes Fahren nachhaltig?
Authors: Weber Karsten , Haug Sonja
Published: September 2018

Automatisiertes Fahren stößt derzeit noch auf große Skepsis. Eine disruptive Strategie bei der Einführung (voll-)automatisierten Fahrens könnte daher auf fehlende Akzeptanz treffen. Um dem zu entgehen, laufen evolutionäre Strategien darauf hinaus, durch die Entwicklung adaptiver Fahrassistenzsysteme Vertrautheit, Vertrauen und damit Akzeptanz bei den prospektiven NutzerInnen zu schaffen. Erste Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie lassen jedoch Zweifel an der Nachhaltigkeit dieser Strategie aufkommen.
Vision Lieferdrohnen
Authors: Nentwich Michael , Horváth Delila M.
Published: September 2018

Die Vision eines drohnenbasierten Lieferverkehrs ist nicht voraussetzungslos. Viele regulative und technische Hürden müssen noch genommen werden, um sie Wirklichkeit werden zu lassen. Aufgrund der großen Eingriffstiefe dieser Technologieentwicklung – immerhin würde sich der uns umgebende Luftraum, der bislang nur von Vögeln und gelegentlichen Hubschraubern benutzt wird, gravierend ändern – stellen sich eine Reihe von typischen Fragen der Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA): Bestehen Sicherheitsbedenken? Gibt es Umweltrisiken? Kann die Technologie für kriminelle oder terroristische Zwecke missbraucht werden? Besteht ein gesellschaftliches Konfliktpotenzial angesichts unterschiedlicher Interessen? Reicht die aktuelle Regulierung aus oder müssen neue Regeln geschaffen werden? Dieser Artikel stellt das Thema in groben Zügen dar, gibt erste Antworten auf die genannten Fragen und erkennt die Notwendigkeit einer umfassenden, partizipativen TA‑Studie.
Simplified Analysis of Stanford - Jaipur Knee
Authors: Prahasto Toni
Published: September 2018

Salah satu kegiatan pengembangan produk tanda unggulan di Departemen Teknik Mesin Universitas Diponegoro adalah desain dan prototyping lutut buatan untuk prostesis lutut di atas. Kegiatan ini diakui sebagai empat unit kredit untuk proyek akhir sebagai persyaratan akhir untuk kelulusan gelar undependenced. Kegiatan pengembangan produk ini telah menerima banyak hibah penelitian dan komersial. Namun demikian, hampir semua riset dan pengembangan hanya melakukan sintesis dan pembuatan prototipe tanpa analisis yang memadai, khususnya kinematika dan analisis dinamis. Artikel ini menjelaskan langkah-langkah analisis yang hilang dengan harapan bahwa desain masa depan bisa menjadi lebih baik dan lebih baik. Fokus desain terbatas pada triple rocker Stanford Jaipur-Knee bersama dengan varian konfigurasinya. Analisis ini meliputi analisis posisi, kecepatan, dan percepatan.
Rhetoric of violence. On eristic methods used by Stalinist courts in the perspective of Chaïm Perelman’s theory
Authors: Pieniążek Marcin
Published: September 2018

Eristic methods of the Stalinist courts are a phenomenon, on the one hand, well-documented, yet on the other hand, insufficiently explored from the theoretical perspective. They can be understood as forms of violence occurring in the language of the judicial discourse participants (judges, prosecutors), aimed at the total elimination of political opponents. The article is an attempt to characterise these methods using the conceptual instruments, developed by Chaïm Perelman and presented in the work Logique juridique. Nouvelle rhétorique and L’empire rhétorique. Rhétorique et argumentation. What weighs in favour of using Perelman’s theory are its roots in the abundant achievements of the ancient rhetoric. More importantly, however, one of the main objectives of Perelman was the development of the modern theory of legal argumentation, including judicial one. In this regard, the views of the philosopher are adopted as a counterpoint in the rhetorical analyses of the abuses of the Stalinist courts discussed on the example of the Trial of the Sixteen and the Trial of General A. E. Fieldorf „Nil”.
Why is the KMDD® session „perfectly tailored” to fit our brain? Stimulation of moral competence from a neuropsychological perspective.
Authors: Steć Małgorzata
Published: September 2018

Fostering moral competence with KMDD® may give the best results thanks to be suitable for our brain and its processes. Neuropsychological research shows importance of fostering moral competence with KMDD® for dlPFC and vmPFC cooperation. It shouldbe taken into account that brain learns moral competence due to neuroplasticity and e.g. changes in the attention processes and high moral competence makes decisions more adequate and more quick. Not „only” cognition and not „only” emotions plays role in moral processing. Research shows obvious cooperation between those levels of neuronal processing. The article aims to show the brain areas which are most important for moral decision making and recent research findings on the KMDD® impact on brain functioning. What is most important this article is a kind of a try to answer the question: why KMDD® is the best method fostering moral competence according to neuropsychology.
Vibrations Analysis of Rectangular Plates with Clamped Corners
Authors: Gharaibeh Mohammad A. , Obeidat Amr M.
Published: September 2018

This paper discusses the fundamental natural frequency of a thin elastic rectangular, isotropic and orthotropic, plates with clamped corners. Rayleigh’s method was used to analytically calculate the plate lowest natural frequency. In this solution, the vibration mode shape was assumed in a form that certifies the displacement as well as the rotational boundary conditions of the current problem. Finally, this paper provides useful information for evaluating the natural frequency of a plate with fixed corners with different mass attachments configurations.
Proline supplementation mitigates the early stage of liver injury in bile duct ligated rats
Authors: Heidari Reza , Mohammadi Hamidreza , Ghanbarinejad Vahid , Ahmadi Asrin , Ommati Mohammad Mehdi , Niknahad Hossein , Jamshidzadeh Akram , Azarpira Negar , Abdoli Narges
Published: September 2018

Background

Proline is a proteinogenic amino acid with multiple biological functions. Several investigations have been supposed that cellular proline accumulation is a stress response mechanism. This amino acid acts as an osmoregulator, scavenges free radical species, boosts cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, protects mitochondria, and promotes energy production. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of proline treatment on the liver in bile duct ligated (BDL) rats as an animal model of cholestasis/cirrhosis.

Methods

BDL rats were supplemented with proline-containing drinking water (0.25% and 0.5% w:v), and samples were collected at scheduled time intervals (3, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days after BDL surgery).

Results

Drastic elevation in the serum level of liver injury biomarkers and significant tissue histopathological changes were evident in BDL rats. Markers of oxidative stress were also higher in the liver of BDL animals. It was found that proline supplementation attenuated BDL-induced alteration in serum biomarkers of liver injury, mitigated liver histopathological changes, and alleviated markers of oxidative stress at the early stage of BDL operation (3, 7, and 14 days after BDL surgery).

Conclusions

The hepatoprotection provided by proline in BDL animals might be associated with its ability to attenuate oxidative stress and its consequences.
Exposure to indoor radon can be a concern in studies on the role of short-term exposure to air pollution and mortality
Authors: Mortazavi S.M.J.
Published: September 2018

Recent studies show that short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with more emergency department visits and hospitalizations for pneumonia as well as increased mortality and increased health care costs among older adults. Moreover, exposure to ambient particulate matter is shown to be connected with an increased rate of daily mortality and hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The association between short-term exposures to particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and ozone [at levels below the current daily National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)] and mortality in the continental United States has been recently addressed by some researchers. Although exposure to radon is usually known to cause late health effects such as lung cancer, some studies show a significant association between radon exposure and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) mortality. In some residential areas with high levels of radon, it has been found that the incidences of respiratory, nervous system and cardiovascular system diseases exceed the average. Studies that calculated the radiation dose to blood and the walls of coronary arteries from radon and progeny also indicate that exposure to radon can increase the incidence of CVDs. Based on the evidence provided in this short communication, it can be concluded that ignoring the key role of radon in non-cancer mortality can easily affect the validity of the studies aimed at investigating the association between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and mortality.
Effects of stress on the auditory system: an approach to study a common origin for mood disorders and dementia
Authors: Pérez-Valenzuela Catherine , Terreros Gonzalo , Dagnino-Subiabre Alexies
Published: September 2018

The concept of stress is a fundamental piece to understand how organisms can adapt to the demands produced by a continuously changing environment. However, modern lifestyle subjects humans to high levels of negative stress or distress, which increases the prevalence of mental illnesses. Definitely, stress has become the pandemic of the 21st century, a fact that demands a great intellectual effort from scientists to understand the neurobiology of stress. This review proposes an innovative point of view to understand that mood disorders and dementia have a common etiology in a stressful environment. We propose that distress produces sensory deprivation, and this interferes with the connection between the brain and the environment in which the subject lives. The auditory system can serve as an example to understand this idea. In this sense, distress impairs the auditory system and induces hearing loss or presbycusis at an early age; this can increase the cognitive load in stressed people, which can stimulate the development of dementia in them. On the other hand, distress impairs the auditory system and increases the excitability of the amygdala, a limbic structure involved in the emotional processing of sounds. A consequence of these alterations could be the increase in the persistence of auditory fear memory, which could increase the development of mood disorders. Finally, it is important to emphasize that stress is an evolutionary issue that is necessary to understand the mental health of humans in these modern times. This article is a contribution to this discussion and will provide insights into the origin of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
Plasmonic Cu/CuCl/Cu2S/Ag and Cu/CuCl/Cu2S/Au Supports with Peroxidase-Like Activity: Insights from Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Song Wei , Hildebrandt Peter , Weidinger Inez M.
Published: September 2018

In the present study, we present nanostructured bimetallic Cu/CuCl/Cu2S/Au(Ag) supports that exhibit plasmonic electromagnetic field enhancement and peroxidase-like catalytic activity. The Cu2S component acts as the peroxidase-like catalyst, while the Au or Ag component provides the necessary light enhancement for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) studies of surface bound molecular reactants. As a test reaction the catalytic oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in presence of H2O2 was investigated. The comparison of product evolution in solution measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy and on the surface measured via SERS is able to give more insight into the different steps involved in the overall catalysis.
Two New Factors Having Influence on Surface Cooling Rate of Quenched Workpiece
Authors: Zhang Ke Jian
Published: September 2018

The cooling processes of standard probes are observed directly, and it is found that all of the measured cooling characteristic curves cannot reflect the actual cooling condition of the probe surface. To know how the surface of a workpiece is cooled, the actual cooling process of the workpiece must be observed. The quench cooling processes of samples in different shapes and sizes are directly observed and video is recorded; the causes for the observed phenomena are discussed. Then, it is found that the flow of gas in the vapor blanket and the order of transition from vapor blanket cooling to boiling cooling at different parts have considerable influences on the surface cooling rate of the workpiece and cooling uniformity of the entire workpiece, in addition to the cooling capacity of the quenching medium and effective thickness of the workpiece. The fundamental rules of these two factors are tentatively revealed. Utilizing these rules, we can aspire to regulate and control the cooling rates on different surfaces of the same workpiece in the quench cooling process.
Pachappa Camp
Authors: Chang Edward T. , Brown Hannah
Published: September 2018

Ahn Chang Ho (also known by his pen name, Dosan) moved to Riverside, California, in March 1904 and soon established the first Koreatown on the U.S. mainland, known as Dosan's Republic or Pachappa Camp. Dosan helped found a local employment agency and negotiated relations with citrus farmers to find work for Koreans who lived in the community. With steady work available, Riverside became a popular destination for Korean immigrants and was thus an ideal location for the Gongnip Hyeophoe, or Cooperative Association, which Dosan created to foster a sense of community. The Gongnip Hyeophoe later expanded to Korean settlements throughout California and eventually developed into the Korean National Association, which proved especially significant in organizing immigrants to fight for Korea's independence in the wake of Japanese colonization in 1910. Pachappa Camp helped anchor its residents’ identity and supported Koreans’ struggles to support themselves and to fight for Korean sovereignty. The experiences of the Koreans in Pachappa Camp reflected not only exceptional moments in Korean American history, as the first Koreatown in the United States and one of the seats of the independence movement, but also the ubiquitous experiences that typified immigrant lives in the United States. The City of Riverside erected a statue of Ahn Chang Ho in 2001, and designated the original site of the camp as a “Point of Cultural Interest” in 2017, to honor Dosan and to teach about his legacy and connection to Riverside. Because the historic Koreatown no longer exists, the designation and statue stand as the only remembrances of this pioneering community.
HBV Burden on Population, a Comparative Study between Two Districts Mardan and Charsadda of KPK, Pakistan
Authors: Shah Iftikhar Ali , Anwar Faheem , Haq Ihtesham Ul , Anwar Yasir , Ullah Faizan , Khan Khalid , Aizaz Muhammad , Ullah Noor
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to check out the spread rate of Hepatitis B Virus in the districts of Mardan and Charsadda, KPK Pakistan. As we know that Hepatitis results in damaging liver tissues, so it is one of the serious threats to the human health across the world. Hepatitis can give rise to acute and chronic infection which give rise to Liver cancer or Liver cirrhosis. It may be transfer from one person to another. Its transmission routs are oral, fecal and parental. The purpose of this paper is to check and judge health condition. Blood serum was collected from Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan and District Head Quarter, Charsadda. The paper was design to calculate anti-HBV antibody positive patients with ICT(immune-chromatography technique)based detection among various patients in MMC Mardan and DHQ hospital Charsada and from various regions of Mardan and Charsadda, KPK Pakistan.  Total of 10852 patients of HBV in Charsadda and 14168 patients of HBV in Mardan. The blood samples were collected from Oct 2017 to May 2018 from both districts of KPK. The method for testing blood sample was ICT (immune chromatography technique). Our study about 10852 patients in district Charsadda who were at the risk of HBV infection, 103 were screened positive with the prevalence ratio of 0.949%. On the other hand, 14168 patients`s samples were collected in district Mardan, among them 149 were detected positive and ratio of prevalence is 1.051%. According to the above study the ratio of prevalence is lower in Charsadda as compare to Mardan
The Impact of Technology on the Innovation of Alumunium Products in Sawan District Buleleng Bali Indonesia
Authors: Widyani Anak Agung Dwi , Adnyana I Nyoman Kusuma , Sukawati Ni Ketut Astati
Published: September 2018

Bali as a tourism area has craft centers scattered in various districts. One of the handicrafts that is the flagship product in Bali is aluminum craft based in Menyali Village, Sawan District, Buleleng Regency. Mr. Gex Aluminum and Candra Art are two groups of craftsmen who produce aluminum on a home industry basis. The existence of this business must get attention and support for the success of the people's economic program in order to improve the economy, the entrepreneurial spirit of the youth and to reduce the level of urbanization. The workforce used by this group is mostly students to fill their spare time (part time) and vacation. Despite having a high number of requests, these two business groups have not been able to produce optimally because the equipment used is still in limited space and the product processing process is still manual. In addition, the layout (layout) of the production process has not been arranged, accounting bookkeeping system has not been done regularly and regularly, the owner has not made payments and tax reporting, product marketing is still limited, the product does not have a name or logo. The main impact of all these problems is that the production process cannot be carried out effectively and efficiently, because products that are in accordance with standards cannot be maximally produced.

Based on the priority of the existing problems, the solution that can be offered through this program is to apply technology with the help of grinding, welding, cutting of NRT and concrete iron cutting tools for efficiency and creating molds to produce product innovations, rearranging production space and equipment , designing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), training in preparing financial reports, mentoring tax reporting, designing business card designs, websites and catalogs and designing product logos produced. With the implementation of this service program the expected output target is an increase in production according to the standard of 100%, lay out according to the production process, has two types of SOPs, is able to prepare financial statements, able to report tax on a self-assessment basis, has a business card, product catalog, and website and the product produced contains the business logo. In essence this service is expected to be able to improve the economy of the community and support the government's efforts to succeed in the people's economy program.
Positive medical education: Are we focusing on the right things while teaching?
Authors: Tala Alvaro
Published: September 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Neuropsychiatric disorders are a global problem and medical students are a population with high vulnerability to mental disorders. Medical education is currently in crisis considering the alarming rates of mental health problems reported in medical students. These problems not only compromise the health of students but also their learning processes and patient care. In this context, it is necessary to move towards a medical education that considers, in addition to the academic performance, the well-being of medical students as a central focus. Positive psychology with interventions at individual level and positive education with interventions at institutional level could provide a response based on the evidence to this problem through positive medical education. This article addressed a personal view of how positive medical education can benefit medical students.
Sexing Farina: Our Gang's Episodes of Racial Childhood
Authors: Fusco Katherine
Published: September 2018

By examining the episodically shiting gender of the character Farina in Hal Roach's Our Gang series, this article argues that the integrationist fantasy Roach offered depended on a strategy for representing black children that shows the speciically temporal limits to popular entertainment's ability to imagine black adolescence in the early twentieth century. he two prevailing views of the series—Our Gang as integrationist and Our Gang as mired in racist stereotypes—are not exclusive but mutually constitutive, and the tie that binds the two is the strange pleasure audiences found in the black child whose gender changed. By attending to the fact that the integration in the series happened in relation to black boys in particular, we can see Our Gang's episodic treatment of Farina as a formal response to national anxieties about black masculinity and racialized sexuality.
Minimal Increase in Survival Throughout the Years in Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma with Synchronous Metastases: Results of a Population-Based Study
Authors: Vos Melissa , Ho Vincent K. Y. , Oosten Astrid W. , Verhoef Cornelis , Sleijfer Stefan
Published: September 2018

Background

Treatment options for patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) have increased in the last decade. We aimed to examine whether this is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with STS with synchronous metastases.

Patients and Methods

Patients diagnosed with STS and synchronous metastases from 1989 to 2014 were queried from The Netherlands Cancer Registry. Trends in OS were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test in time intervals of 5 years, for the whole study population and in subgroups for liposarcomas, leiomyosarcoma, and other STS subtypes. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify characteristics prognostic for OS.

Results

Median OS of the 1,393 identified patients did not improve significantly over the years from 5.8 months in 1989–1994 to 8.1 months in 2010–2014, but there was an evident trend. Median OS was prolonged in the subgroups of liposarcomas (3.6 to 9.3 months), leiomyosarcomas (11.3 to 14.6 months), and other STS subtypes (5.7 to 6.3 months), although there were no significant improvements in OS over the years. Primary tumor site in one of the extremities and surgery in an academic center had a favorable effect on OS, whereas significant negative predictors were no treatment, elderly age, STS subtype other than liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma, high or unknown grade, and nodal involvement.

Conclusion

Although overall survival of patients with STS with synchronous metastases in this nationwide and “real-life” population has improved over the years, the improvement was not statistically significant, despite new treatment options.
Sanger sequencing protocol - BRCA1/2 mutations are not a common cause of malignant melanoma in the Polishpopulation v2
Authors: Dębniak Tadeusz , J Scott Rodney , Górski Bohdan , Masojć Bartłomiej , Kram Andrzej , Maleszka Romuald , Cybulski Cezary , Paszkowska-Szczur Katarzyna , Kashyap Aniruddh , Murawa Dawid , Malińska Karolina , Kiedrowicz Magdalena , Rogoża-Janiszewska Emilia
Published: September 2018

In the study we have used a standard Thermo Scientific Sanger sequencing protocol which can be found under this link: http://www.ramaciotti.unsw.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/sequencing_handbook_FLR.pdf
Single cell isolation from human fetal thigh v1
Authors: Zhang Hongbo
Published: September 2018

This protocol can be used to isolate single cells from human fetal thigh from age GA6-GA11.
ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLERDE ÇEVREYİ MERKEZE TAŞIMAK: TEMEL YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TARTIŞMALAR
Authors: Söker Çağlar , Özlük Erdem
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışma Uluslararası İlişkiler’de
(Uİ) çevrenin neden disiplinin periferisinde yer aldığını “sorun çözücü ve
eleştirel” yaklaşımlar ayrımı üzerinden sorgulamaktadır. Disiplindeki sorun
çözücü yaklaşımlar, çevreyi sadece bir “sorun” olması durumunda dikkate alan ve
mevcut küresel sistem içinde çözümler arayan yaklaşımlardır. Eleştirel
yaklaşımlarsa çevre sorunlarının ötesinde daha “iyi” bir dünya yaratmak için
sürdürülebilir bir sistem oluşturma amacını taşıyan; bu yüzden sistemin yeniden
yapılandırılması gerektiğini ileri sürerek ulusal ve uluslararası politik,
ekonomik ve toplumsal düzeni sorgulayan yaklaşımlardır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle “çevresel
güvenlik” ve “liberal kurumsalcılık” yaklaşımları incelenmiş, ardından “Ortak
Malların Trajedisi” başlığı altında eko-otoriteryenlerin görüşlerine
değinilmiştir. Eleştirel yaklaşımlar kısmında “çevre-merkezcilik”, “ekolojik
modernleşme” ve “merkezsizleşme” yaklaşımları tartışılmıştır. Sonuç bölümündeyse
çevrenin Uİ’de merkezi bir konuma gelememesinin nedenlerine yönelik tespitlere
yer verilmiştir.
TESETTÜR GİYİMİ ETKİLEYEN TÜKETİM KÜLTÜRÜ FAKTÖRLERİ ÜZERİNE UYGULAMALI BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Arslan Ali , Çaylak Melek
Published: September 2018

Tesettür
kavramı temel mahiyeti ve amacı açısından İslam dini kapsamında
değerlendirilecek dini bir pratiktir. İslam’da kadının giyim konusundaki
sınırlarının belirlenmesi, bedenin gizlenmesi açısından tesettür kavramı önem
taşımaktadır. Fakat modernleşme ekseniyle değişme ve gelişmeler gösteren
tesettür anlayışının, tüketim kültürü ve moda ile birleşen, bu modern çağın
gereklerine ayak uyduran yeni bir tesettür anlayışı ve imajıyla karşı karşıya
kaldığı görülmektedir. Özellikle gençlerin giyim tercihlerinde tesettürün
modernleşme dinamiklerinden etkilenmesi söz konudur. Bu çalışmada tesettürlü
gençlerin giyim tercihlerinde tesettür algısının, tüketim kültürü ve moda ile
bütünleşmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan “tesettür modası” ile olan münasebeti ve
temelde tesettürün özsel ve şekilsel değişiklikleri ile bu değişikliklere sebep
olan faktörlerin etkisi ortaya konulmuştur.  Teorik ve uygulamalı bir anket ile gençlerin
tesettür tercihi ve algısının değişim ve dönüşüm nedenleri, bu dönüşüme etki
eden unsurlar sorgulanmıştır.
SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE META-METODOLOJİK BİR UNSUR OLARAK ZAMAN
Authors: Yıldırım Yılmaz , Ertoy Muhammet
Published: September 2018

Sosyal bilimsel yaklaşımlar önemli ölçüde kültürel
ayrımlara ve varsayımlara, kültürel ayrımlar ise örtük bir zaman tasavvuruna
bağlıdır. Kültürün bir bileşeni olan zaman, gerçekliğin toplumsal ve tarihsel
inşası sürecine dahildir. Toplumsal/tarihsel gerçekliğin incelenmesi adeta
toplumun kurumsallaşmış unsurlarından biri olan zamanın da incelenmesini gerekli
kılar. Kültürelci yaklaşımlarda zaman konusu bilhassa tarihselcilik ve
eleştirisi bağlamında ele alınmaktadır. Tarihselciliği eleştiren ve buna
alternatif teşkil eden yaklaşımlar da zaman tasavvuru ve bunun seçilen yönteme
etkisi bakımından tarihselciliğin bazı ön kabullerini paylaşmaktadır. Bu
alternatifler modernist sosyal bilimlerin zaman algısına yönelik esaslı bir
sorgulamadan uzaktır. Postmodernist sosyal bilimlerdeki mekân vurgusu ise
ötekini ortak bir insanlık zamanının dışında konumlandırmaya dönük modernist
varsayımın izlerini taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma zaman  tasavvurunun sosyal
bilimsel yönteme yansımalarına ve kültürel taksonominin zamanla ilişkisine dair
eleştirel/anlayıcı bir perspektif sunmak ve yöntembilim tartışmalarında eksik
kalan bu boyuta katkı sağlamak amacındadır.
Familiarity of Web 2.0 and its Application in Learning: A Case Study of Seven Indian Universities
Authors: Majhi Sabitri , Maharana Bulu
Published: September 2018

The changed learning environment has necessitated formation of interactive networks for sharing, participation and collaboration. The Web 2.0 tools provide avenues in this regard. The present study aims to investigate the level of integration of these tools into the learning practices of the students of seven general universities in the state of Odisha in eastern India. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 1000 postgraduate students and research scholars segregated into four major disciplines, Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, Pure Sciences, and Applied Sciences and Technology. The findings revealed that Web 2.0 awareness is high among the students of Applied Sciences and Technology as compared to the other disciplines. More than half of the students of theoretical sciences are unaware about popular tools like blogs. Because of the popularity of the tools like Wikipedia and Scribd as sources of academic content, most of the students are familiar with wiki and document sharing tools respectively. However, the use of these tools for learning has remained trivial among the students.
Information Literacy through Web 2.0 Technologies: Case Study of Four Engineering Colleges in West Bengal
Authors: Ghosh Soumen , Banerjee Swapna
Published: September 2018

The web has transformed the ways in which people search, find, use and communicate information. Web 2.0 technologies have become the subject of interest as they facilitate interactive information sharing, interoperability, dynamic content, openness, and user participation. This paper assesses the need for developing Information Literacy skills with the help of web 2.0 technologies in four engineering institutions coming under Moulana Abul Kalam Institute of Technology (MAKAUT). A questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The paper concludes that the concept of information literacy using web 2.0 technologies in the technical institute of MAKAUT is in a developing stage.
Managing Newspaper Clippings in Print Media Libraries: A Study
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Mahajan Preeti
Published: September 2018

This study is about the management of newspaper clippings in print media libraries of North India. The study includes data from twelve print media libraries from north India. The data was collected using the questionnaire method. The result shows that the print media libraries used traditional methods for storing newspaper clippings. Only 16.66% of the newspaper libraries used computerized indexing for managing their newspaper collection.
Use and Evaluation of Online Public Access Catalogue in the Central Library of Banaras Hindu University: A Study
Authors: Shekhar Chandra , Sonkar S. K.
Published: September 2018

This paper examines Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) usage by the students, research scholars and members of faculty of Banaras Hindu University Library. A questionnaire-based survey of various categories of users such as faculty members, research scholars, graduate and postgraduate students, covering different disciplines such as Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine and Agriculture sciences was conducted. The paper discusses various aspects such as awareness, frequency of use, purpose, problems and satisfaction level of users, etc. The results of the study show that only one third of the respondents used OPAC frequently. The study also found that majority of users consulted OPAC to know the availability and location of the requisite documents.
A influência dos tratados ambientais multilaterais relativos à biodiversidade na efetividade do direito ambiental no Brasil
Authors: Lautenschlager Lauren , Varella Marcelo Dias
Published: September 2018

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre o conteúdo dos tratados ambientais multilaterais ratificados pelo Brasil entre 1990 e 2016 referentes à biodiversidade e a efetividade da proteção ambiental brasileira. Parte-se da hipótese de que quanto mais específico o tratado nas obrigações a serem atingidas, maior e mais efetiva é a produção normativa-institucional brasileira no mesmo tema. Para tanto, será definida uma matriz de análise composta por critérios de efetividade os quais serão aplicados no conjunto normativo-institucional relativo ao tema. Conclui-se que os textos ambientais internacionais ratificados pelo Brasil exercem grande influência nas políticas públicas ambientais brasileiras, exigindo uma similitude na aplicação positiva dos critérios no âmbito global e nacional, pois somente dessa forma o direito brasileiro poderá tornar o tratado ambiental responsivo no plano doméstico. Os tratados multilaterais ambientais são efetivos porque induzem, de forma concreta, a produção de normas obrigatórias e a criação de instituições no plano doméstico, com efetividade proporcional às normas do plano internacional.
Commentary: 25 Years of Community Partnered Participatory Research
Authors: Jones Loretta
Published: September 2018

Ethn Dis. 2018; 28(Suppl 2):291-294; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.291
Growing a Community-Academic Partnership: Lessons Learned in Forming a Qualitative Interview Team for the Community Partners in Care Study
Authors: Anderson Gera L. , Heller S. Megan , Pulido Esmeralda , Williams Phuscedia , Orduna Alisa , Bromley Elizabeth , Booker-Vaughns Juanita
Published: September 2018

By engaging, partnering, and building trust with community members, research on vul­nerable populations may offer opportunities to improve population health in communi­ties that suffer from health disparities. While the literature on participatory and partnered approaches offers techniques and strategies for forming community-academic partner­ships, less information is available about how partnerships can grow and evolve over time. In this article, we describe the expansion of a long-standing partnership that uses prin­ciples of community partnered participatory research (CPPR), a variant of community-based participatory research (CBPR). We outline the preparation and executive phases of conducting qualitative interviewing with highly vulnerable study participants who have already been participants in a longitu­dinal survey. We describe the challenges and concerns at each phase of the research and summarize some lessons learned. To grow and evolve, the partnership must constantly be reaffirmed in the experiences of new members.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):365- 370; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.365.
Applying a Trauma Informed School Systems Approach: Examples from School Community-Academic Partnerships
Authors: Kataoka Sheryl H. , Vona Pamela , Acuna Alejandra , Jaycox Lisa , Escudero Pia , Rojas Claudia , Ramirez Erica , Langley Audra , Stein Bradley
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Schools can play an important role in addressing the effects of traumatic stress on students by providing prevention, early intervention, and intensive treat­ment for children exposed to trauma. This article aims to describe key domains for implementing trauma-informed practices in schools.Design: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA) has iden­tified trauma-informed domains and princi­ples for use across systems of care. This ar­ticle applies these domains to schools and presents a model for a Trauma-Informed School System that highlights broad macro level factors, school-wide components, and tiered supports. Community partners from one school district apply this framework through case vignettes.Results: Case 1 describes the macro level components of this framework and the leveraging of school policies and financ­ing to sustain trauma-informed practices in a public health model. Case 2 illustrates a school founded on trauma-informed principles and practices, and its promo­tion of a safe school environment through restorative practices. Case 3 discusses the role of school leadership in engaging and empowering families, communities, and school staff to address neighborhood and school violence.Conclusions: This article concludes with recommendations for dissemination of trauma-informed practices across schools at all stages of readiness. We identify three main areas for facilitating the use of this framework: 1) assessment of school staff knowledge and awareness of trauma; 2) assessment of school and/or district’s cur­rent implementation of trauma-informed principles and practices; 3) development and use of technology-assisted tools for broad dissemination of practices, data and evaluation, and workforce training of clini­cal and non-clinical staff. Ethn Dis.2018; 28(Suppl 2):417-426; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.417.
Participatory Technology Development to Enhance Community Resilience
Authors: Arevian Armen C. , O’Hora Jennifer , Jones Felica , Mango Joseph , Jones Loretta , Willians Pluscedia , Booker-Vaughns Juanita , Jones Andrea , Pulido Esmeralda , Banner-Jackson Dennishia , Wells Kenneth B.
Published: September 2018

Objective: To assess the feasibility of a novel, partnered technology development process to co-create mobile health applica­tions (apps) addressing community health priorities, using psychoeducation of cogni­tive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles for enhancing resilience as an example.Design: Stakeholder engagement, work­groups, pilot feasibility study using mixed methods during October 2013 through January 2016 over three phases: 1) defining the vision of the project and increasing technical capacity, 2) co-development and pilot testing of the app, and 3) planning for sustainability.Setting: An academic-community partner­ship in South Los Angeles, California.Participants: Eight stakeholders; 30 pilot participants from the community.Main Outcome Measures: Qualitative analysis of audio-recordings of the app development process and stakeholder inter­views, surveys of stakeholders’ perception of the development process, app use data, and feedback from pilot participants.Results: The participatory technology development process resulted in creation and pilot-testing of a resiliency-focused text messaging app. Of the 1,107 messages sent, 23 out of 30 (77%) app users responded to explore interactive content. Stakeholders reported increased perceived competency in creating mobile apps and that the process fostered a culture of co-leadership. There was also sustained engagement in mobile app development by stakeholders beyond the initial project period.Conclusions: This is the first study, to our knowledge, to demonstrate the feasibility of participatory technology development, an approach involving direct participation in the development, tailoring and maintenance of a mobile app by a broad set of stakehold­ers with high representation from racial/ ethnic minorities from an under-resourced community. Participatory technology devel­opment is a promising approach for creating sustainable, relevant and engaging health technologies across different technological, clinical and community settings.Ethn Dis. 2018:28(Suppl 2):493-502; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.493.
Labour Market Dynamics and Labour Market Policies – Case Study Kosovo
Authors: Bellaqa Bashkim
Published: September 2018

Over the last decades, in Kosovo and in many Western Balkan countries, there have been processes of political, economic and social transformations. The object of this study was to analyse the linear trends, employment and unemployment correlation through Gross Domestic Production (GDP) and its growth, Consumer Prices Index (CPI), Import and the role of employment policies in Kosovo. The methods used for this study were: linear econometric models, correlation, comparative methods ect. Although there have been improvements in socio-economic indicators in Kosovo, the economy still has a higher unemployment rate compared to the countries of the region. The approach of linear relationships for econometric models is usually preferred to research the socio-economic situation and dynamics of labour market trends. Labour market analysis is a measurement unit and assesses the economic forces and demographics such as education and trainings on the one hand and employment on the other. According to the results conducted from the quantitative study, it turns out that the employment variable in Kosovo has a complex relationship with a set of other parameters where GDP and GDP change carries the main weight, etc.
Gouvernance De La Planification Familiale Et Realite Sociale Au Benin
Authors: Cledjo Edgard Odjo , Tingbe Fanès Azalou
Published: September 2018

This research aims to analyze the role and practices of actors in the field of Family Planning in Benin. It is based on a methodological approach that takes into account the collection of data from 209 people (civil society actors, adopters, state actors, etc.), selected by reasoned choice. The data collected were analyzed and the results were analyzed according to the actors' games in a comprehensive perspective and a more holistic approach than methodological individualism. The results show that technical and financial partners are the "dominant actor" in FP in Benin, their decisions and projects are crucial for the evolution of contraceptive prevalence in Benin. The state, NGOs, adopters of FP methods and the general population constitute "relay actors". Traditional chiefdoms, religious denominations, populations, and to some extent development associations are in a position quite far from the goals of FP. On the other hand, NGOs, adopters of planning methods and technical and financial partners are at the center of the fray, and therefore at the heart of a network of several objectives. With the difficulties mentioned by the actors and the disadvantages mentioned by the adopters, family planning, in order to be accepted and become effective, must not go against the socio-cultural and economic norms that govern the conditions of reproduction.