bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WEWENANG DIREKSI PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN DAERAH (PERSERODA) TIDAK TERLEPAS DARI PERAN SERTA ORGAN PERSEROAN
Authors: Suratminingsih Endang
Published: June 2024

BUMD organs (Regional Owned Enterprises) in regional company companies consist of a general meeting of shareholders (GMS); commissioner; and directors. The GMS is a company organ with powers not granted to the Board of Directors or the Board of Commissioners within the limits specified in the Job Creation law and/or the articles of association. The commissioner is tasked with supervising the regional state-owned companies and supervising and providing advice to the directors in running the management of the company, although in certain cases the directors are not authorized to represent the company. However, the condition of Perseroda's governance is still not optimal, as can be seen from the presence of bureaucratic work patterns that lead to actions by the directors beyond their authority, this causes the authority of the directors to take actions for the interests of the company not optimally and the function of the commissioners as supervisors does not work according to their authority. To answer the problem the theory used is the GONE theory which was introduced by Jack Bologne Gone where the position of directors is very prone to carry out acts of self-enrichment due to the inherent authority for directors in representing the company that is unlimited and unconditional. It can be concluded that there is a compromise between the role of directors and the role of commissioners in corporate governance. Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is only considered as a company logo (symbol). Therefore, it is suggested that shareholders are expected to form a special team of professional experts in their field consisting of BUMD coaches/practitioners/academicians/entrepreneurs to select candidates for company management in order to produce a director and commissioner who has concern and good faith ability, honest loyalty to the company with a degree of high knowledge in the field of business,
THE USE OF JURISPRUDENCE IN INDONESIAN LAW COURT AS A CIVIL LAW COUNTRY
Authors: Candra Regina Cyrilla
Published: June 2024

Jurisprudence refers to the decisions made by earlier judges regarding cases that are not covered by the law and which serve as a model for later judges when deciding cases of a like nature. The Supreme Court is an entity with judicial authority in Indonesia and has the authority to publish rulings. As a civil law country, Indonesian law courts do not use jurisprudence as a main legal source. Court judgments under this system are predicated on pertinent laws and regulations, such as the 1945 Constitution, MPR Decrees, Laws, Government Regulations, Presidential Decrees, Supreme Court, Ministerial Decrees, and others. This means that the judge's judgement, which is based on the facts or the available evidence, has some latitude. On the contrary, some countries use common law as their legal system. This legal system favours customary law, which changes over time in accordance with societal changes. In order to ensure that the law is always consistent with a feeling of justice and advantages that are felt immediately by the community, it was established via a judicial institution with a jurisprudence system that is regarded to be superior. Although the Indonesian legal system does not operate on a precedent system, general court judges or judges in lower-level courts are nonetheless required to take the Supreme Court's rulings seriously. This paper will be written as a discussion of how Indonesian law court as a civil law country utilises the jurisprudence, which is the product of common law system, even when it is not commonly used. This paper will also be written to elaborate the comparison between the use of jurisprudence in civil law countries such as Indonesia, and the origin countries that are using the common law system.

Keywords: Jurisprudence, Indonesian Law Court, Civil Law Country
Reverse Evidence System in TPPU and Corruption Criminal Verdict Cases
Authors: Widiyawati Kharina Aliyya Putri , Pangestu Regita Berliana , Putri Shafira Eka , Meliala Anggi Pertiwi
Published: June 2024

In the context of criminal law, the burden of proof generally lies with the prosecution. However, in cases of Money Laundering (TPPU) and Corruption, there is a unique phenomenon in the form of a 'reverse evidence system'. This system allows the burden of proof to be shifted to the defendant to prove that the assets or property he owns come from a legitimate source. This phenomenon emerged in response to the difficulty of uncovering the extensive networks and complex methods used by TPPU and corruption perpetrators. Through a literature study, this research explores the origins, legal basis, and implications of applying the reverse evidence system in these cases. The research results show that although this system has advantages in increasing the effectiveness of prosecutions, it also raises controversies related to human rights principles and principles of justice. It is important for legal practitioners to understand the balance between efforts to eradicate crime and protect individual human rights.

Keywords: Burden of Proof; Corruption; Human Rights; Money Laundering Crime (TPPU); Reverse Evidence System.
PROS AND CONS OF MOVING THE INDONESIAN CAPITAL CITY
Authors: Mahesa Audrey Bintania , Pratiwi Anantha Sukma , Sumampouw Carmen Eva Desire , Simanjuntak Ester Cornelia , Anastasya Rena
Published: June 2024

This journal analyzes the pros and cons of transferring the Capital City of Indonesia to the new Indonesian capital city (IKN) based on Law No.3 of 2022. On the positive side, the transfer Capital City assessed can push equality development, creating a new field and reducing the population burden on Java Island. However, there are also significant challenges and concerns. High costs, environmental impact, and questions about priority development become frequently debated points. This uses a qualitative study method to study literature and analyze documents. Secondary data was obtained from various sources, including government publications, report research, and news articles. Research also emphasizes the importance of transparency and accountability in the transfer process. Capital City ensures the use of efficient and effective power. This study recommends that transfer to the Capital City be done carefully, considering all the pros and cons and ensuring that all parties are interested in this process.

Keywords: Transfer capital city; Capital city archipelago (IKN); Invite number 3 in 2022; Pros and Cons transfer capital city; Impact transfer capital city; Moving strategy capital city.
A VISIBILIDADE MIDIÁTICA DA SELEÇÃO BRASILEIRA FEMININA DE VOLEIBOL DURANTE O CICLO OLÍMPICO DE PEQUIM 2008 A PARTIR DOS REGISTROS DO JORNAL FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: De Oliveira Luiz Andre , Marchi Junior Wanderley , Weiss Ferraz de Oliveira Alessandra
Published: June 2024

Este estudo investiga a representação midiática da Seleção Brasileira Feminina de Voleibol (SBFV) ao longo do ciclo olímpico de Pequim 2008 no jornal Folha de São Paulo (FSP). Objetivando compreender as construções discursivas que refletem dinâmicas sociais, a pesquisa combina revisão bibliográfica e análise quantitativa das notícias catalogadas pela FSP no período estudado. Contextualizando a história do voleibol feminino no Brasil, destaca sua relevância como fenômeno sociocultural e sua visibilidade midiática. As conclusões sublinham o papel da mídia na formação das representações do voleibol feminino, enfatizando a necessidade de uma abordagem responsável da mídia esportiva. Este estudo contribui com insights teóricos e empíricos para compreender a interseção entre mídia, esporte e sociedade, defendendo uma cobertura inclusiva e o reconhecimento do papel das mulheres atletas no cenário esportivo brasileiro.
Building a Smart Village Based on Entrepreneurship in Karangrejo Hamlet, Ngringo Village, Jaten District, Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Sudalyo Ramadhian Agus Triono , Prasetyaningrum Nurita Elfani
Published: June 2024

The development of entrepreneurship-based Smart village in Karangrejo Hamlet, Ngringo Village, Jaten District, Karanganyar Regency has been the focus of efforts to improve the economy and the well-being of the community. One tangible step in supporting this is through training conducted on January 22, 2024. This training was held in two sessions, the first focusing on Digital Marketing for MSMEs, while the second session focused on Email Marketing in the Accounting Context. The training was attended by 24 MSME actors from various sectors, including culinary, crafts, and services. The first session was led by Ramadhian Agus Triono Sudalyo, S.Ag., S.Kom., M.M from the Informatics Engineering Study Program at the Surakarta University, while the second session was delivered by Nurita Elfani Prasetyaningrum, S.E., M.Si from the Accounting Study Program at the Surakarta University. The aim of this training is to provide MSME participants with new knowledge and new skills to use digital technology to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of  businesses in the village of Karangrejo.. Thus, it is expected to create an inclusive and highly competitive environment in Karangrejo Hamlet, which will ultimately contribute to the sustainable development of the Smart village.
Development of a Budikdamber System in Fulfilling Family Food Security
Authors: Kamilah Ahya , Lutfiadi Ridwan , Danapriatna Nana , Rahmanto M ikhwan , . Ismarani , Budiyono Haris
Published: June 2024

This training in agriculture was carried out based on problems in urban areas. The problems was limited land and capital. Beside that its called as efforts to fulfill urban society's nutrition. The training conducted was fish farming in a bucket or in Indonesian it is called Budikdamber. The training was held in Sindangmulya Village, Cibarusah District, Bekasi Regency with the target participants were housewives. The results showed that all participants, namely the Dahlia Farmer Women's Group (KWT) were very active and responded well. Evidenced by their enthusiasm in participating in the counseling process, as well as the Budikdamber practicum. The harvest can fulfill family nutrition and increase income. This program can achieve the desired target because it has a good impact on KWT members who are equipped with knowledge and skills.
Reflexión: Los tratamientos de reproducción asistida y el derecho de alimentos de los niños, niñas y adolescencia en Ecuador
Authors: Carrillo Alfredo Fabian
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo busca analizar la responsabilidad del derecho de los alimentos en aquellos casos en los cuales los niños, niñas y adolescentes provengan de tratamientos de reproducción asistida. INTRODUCCIÓN. La sociedad es cambiante, así como sus miembros, por lo que el derecho debe ir acorde a las necesidades de dicha sociedad. Ecuador, ha ido desarrollando derechos, principios, normas infra constitucionales para estar a la par de dicha evolución. En la norma constitucional se establece lo relacionado al Interés superior del menor, con la finalidad de garantizar una vida adecuada para el mismo. OBJETIVO.  Por lo tanto, el presente artículo busca analizar sobre el hecho de que una pareja utilice el tratamiento de reproducción asistida. Por problemas de cualquier índole se separen desligándose de sus responsabilidades, entre ellas la de los alimentos a favor del menor. MÉTODO. Por lo tanto, se emplea una revisión bibliografía y el método exegético, desde un enfoque cualitativo para analizar la problemática planteada.  CONCLUSIONES Y DISCUSIÓN. Es así, se busca demostrar la importancia de la regulación de alimentos, para las nuevas situaciones sociales como la maternidad subrogada o vientres de alquiler. En razón, que los padres pueden desligarse de obligaciones fundamentales como el derecho de alimentos para el menor que se deriva de la filiación.
Enhancing food safety and security through organic agriculture and innovative fertilizer management
Authors: Uddain Jasim
Published: June 2024

Abstract not available
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2024, 8(2), 27-31
Unveiling the complete chloroplast genome of tribulus macropterus var. Arabicus (hosni) al-hemaid & j. Thomas: genome structure, comparative analysis and phylogeny
Authors: Albediwi Albatool Suliman , Ali Mohammad Ajmal , Alwahibi Mona Solaiman , Ahmed Sheikh Sunzid , Rahman M Oliur , Kim Soo Yong , Elshikh Mohamed S , Alsuhaimi Nadia Mohammad
Published: June 2024

The present investigation unveiled the first complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus (Hosni) Al-Hemaid & J. Thomas (Zygophyllaceae), a medicinal herb, indigenous to Saudi Arabia. The cp genome, comprising a length of 158,179 bp and a GC content of 35.8%, exhibited the typical circular quadripartite arrangement of flowering plants, including two inverted repeat regions (25842 bp) separated by a large single-copy (88873 bp) and a small single-copy region (17622 bp). Genome annotation unraveled 132 genes, comprising of 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs and eight rRNAs. A comparative plastomics approach demonstrated a very similar genome structure and gene organization in closely related taxa. Whole-genome alignment indicated that the inverted repeat regions exhibited greater conservation when compared to the single copy zones.  Repeat analysis of the cp genome identified 80 simple sequence repeats, with the majority (64) being mononucleotides. Among the longer repeats, forward repeats were frequent (20) followed by palindromic and reverse repeats. The nucleotide diversity endeavor identified some hypervariable sites (rpl22, cemA, trnL-UAG) in the small and large single copies which would offer opportunities to design molecular markers for potential application in taxonomic identification. Phylogenetic analysis with rbcL barcode elucidated the distinct position of T. macropterus var. arabicus compared to T. macropterus within Zygophyllaceae and further validated the assembly. The findings of this investigation provide significant insights into biological fields, particularly enhancing the current understanding of the genetic and evolutionary variations within Zygophyllaceae.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 1-14, 2024 (June)
Ethnomedicinal plants for cardiovascular diseases management in manikganj district
Authors: Juthi Tahmina Sultana , Uddin Mohammad Zashim , Hassan Md Abul , Rashid Mohammad A
Published: June 2024

The present research deals with the identification of ethnomedicinal plants used by the local people for curing cardiovascular diseases in Manikganj district, Bangladesh. The present study aimed to record and validate the ethnomedicinal knowledge used by the local people for cardiovascular disease (CVD) management in Manikganj district, Bangladesh using recent ethnobotanical survey methods. The record of 131 ethnomedicinal plant species with diverse use patterns reflected the traditional knowledge richness in the study area. Among the ethnomedicinal plants, 10 plant species, including Phyllanthus emblica L., Allium sativum L., Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. Ex DC.) Wight & Arn, Achyranthes aspera L., Terminalia chebula Retz., Allium cepa L., Adhatoda zeylanica Nees, Cinnamomum tamala Nees & Eberm, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp, and Ipomea aquatica Forssk, were cited most frequently by the local people. Among the disease categories, the highest Fic (factor of informant consensus) value was obtained in cardiac complaints, followed by blood purifiers, chest pain, high blood pressure, and antioxidants. In this research, 131 plant species were recorded, and 45 plants obtained the highest Fl (fidelity level) value of 100%. The members of the most common medicinal plants were from the families of Fabaceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Apocynaceae. This result provides baseline data to link the local population, including traditional health professionals and scientific communities, which could be significant in drug discovery and is very important for the sustainable development program and conservation management in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 101-121, 2024 (June)
Systematics and morphometrics of the subfamily byttnerioideae burnett in bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Sunzid , Rahman M Oliur
Published: June 2024

Taxonomic revision and morphometrics are two crucial facets for the proper identification, updating of taxa, and strengthening phenetic relationships of angiosperms. This study focused on the systematics and morphometrics of the subfamily Byttnerioideae Burnett (Family Malvaceae) for the first time in Bangladesh, revealing eight taxa under seven genera, namely Abroma Jacq., Ayenia L., Guazuma Mill., Kleinhovia L., Melochia L., Theobroma L. and Waltheria L. These seven genera fall into three tribes: Byttnerieae, Theobromateae, and Hermannieae. Dichotomous bracketed keys to genera and species were generated. Detailed nomenclature, diagnostic characteristics, illustrations, representative specimens, notes on distribution and uses for each species were provided. Morphometrics study was conducted employing cluster and principal components analysis (PCA). Cluster analysis revealed close relationships between Theobromateae and Hermannieae tribes compared to Byttnerieae tribe in the form of UPGMA dendrogram. Similarity matrix revealed the highest affinity between Ayenia elegans Ridl. and Ayenia grandifolia (DC.) Christenh. & Byng. In the PCA analysis, the first two principal components explained approximately 82.26% cumulative variance. PCA-derived scatter and projection plots supported the topology and inter-relationships in the cluster analysis. These findings will enhance future conservation strategies, especially for the threatened and medicinally important taxa of Byttnerioideae in Bangladesh, and support molecular phylogenetic studies of the subfamily Byttnerioideae.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 123-140, 2024 (June)
Systematic position of miyakea integrifolia miyabe & tatew. In the infrageneric classification of pulsatilla (ranunculaceae): palynological challenges
Authors: Sarwar A K M Golam , Takahashi Hideki
Published: June 2024

Abstract not available.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 187-195, 2024 (June)
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Water Access and Health Conditions in Salinity and Cyclone Prone Areas: A Case Study of Nishanbaria Village in Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Rezwana Nahid
Published: June 2024

The present study was conducted in Nishanbaria, a remote coastal village of Barguna district, Bangladesh where access to fresh water is the biggest problem due to salinity and cyclones along with poverty. The study applied several research methods (household survey, Key Informant Interviews, Focus Group Discussion, and observation) to conduct a cross-sectional analysis in order to identify the severity of the water problems and their impacts on people's health in this village. The study reveals that drinking and using saline and dirty water for a long time have direct impacts on health; 87.9% of the families had sick members during the field survey in 2022. The major health problems are skin diseases (according to 30.65 % of the respondents), gastric problems (25.39%), and waterborne diseases (19.35%). According to 90.3% of residents, the salinity of water has a direct impact on pregnancy and children's health and well-being. As the majority of the people collect drinking water from tube wells (80.43%), the number of people using tube wells goes down to only 24.4% after cyclones. Women are the main water collectors in this village; drinking water is collected by female members in 86.86% of the families, domestic water in 98.19%, and water for cleaning purposes in 93.56% of the families. Women are at risk of health problems; different types of pains (according to 49.36% of the residents), accidents (34.33%), and gender-based violence stem from carrying water from distant sources. Poverty (97.84% of the residents live below the poverty line) creates disparity among the residents in accessing proper treatments for all these health problems as well as collecting fresh water from distant sources. A comprehensive and context-based hazard and disaster management plan is required to help this disaster-prone village in improving freshwater availability, and their health and well-being.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 15-26
Mapping Environmental Quality Indices of Dhaka City by Using Geospatial Techniques
Authors: Ahmed Asib , Onny Orna Rahman
Published: June 2024

Dhaka, the city of over 10 million people is one of the most polluted cities due to rapid urbanization, commercial development and population pressure. The present study assessed an overall environmental quality of Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) and Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC) using an Environmental Quality Index (EQI) based on five indices: Air Quality Index (AQI), Water Quality Index (WQI), Soil Quality Index (SQI), Noise Quality Index (NQI), and Vegetation Index (VI). The final EQI was determined through selecting components from background literature and an overlay analysis using predefined weights for each distinct indices. The study reveals that the west and west-central part of  DSCC have experienced the most severe environmental degradation, affecting noise levels, vegetation cover, air, soil, and water quality. However, the air is less polluted especially in the peripheral zones of the city corporations. Overall, the study indicates that the environmental quality of DNCC is comparatively better than DSCC. The results of the study provides an insight on environmental quality of the city for legislators, urban planners, environmentalists, and researchers to monitor and preserve environmental quality in making the city livable, healthy and sustainable.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 41-53
Application of GPR to Detect Lost Valve Chambers in a Utility Network
Authors: Hayat Tanzim , Kamal A S M Maksud
Published: June 2024

The exact geographic location of the fresh water transmission network of Dhaka WASA was not known to the agency. With time and development works, access to many such underground valve chambers were lost. Their recovery was usually done through manual digging and trenching. This was expensive, time- and labour-consuming, often led to traffic jams, and the rate of success was low. This study was conducted to use the non-intrusive method of Ground Penetrating Radar to locate those valves as an alternative. A total of 27 out of the 41 lost nodes in the network was successfully recovered and their precise location was recorded using RTK-GNSS. The article presents the detail procedure of locating the valve chambers of underground pipeline network. It also highlights how the lack of collaboration between agencies are causing water supply and maintenance problems to this day, and how infrastructure development of one agency may erode successes of another.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 139-151
Manufacturing Environmentally Friendly Hollow Blocks using Different Aggregates: Effect on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Hossain Md Motaher , Alam Md Ashraful , Hossain Sajjad , Hossain Ismail , Tasnim Syed Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Hollow concrete block (HCB) is one of the most fundamental materials in building and construction worldwide. Therefore, HCB has emerged as a viable alternative to traditional building materials likebrick. It is an excellent choice for constructing walls, pavements, and other masonry work construct a long-lasting structure. Today's new world requires a green, eco-friendly, and sustainable world, and HCB can play a significant role in achieving that goal. HCB has superior thermal and fire resistance properties, greater strength, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Only a small amount of construction in Bangladesh is done using HCBs. However, as sustainable structural technology advances, more frequent use of HCBs will be required. As a result, this article will provide a brief overview of the various applications of HCBs in Bangladesh, including the manufacturing process and its benefits and drawbacks. Specifically, this work investigates and compares the effect of different natural fine aggregates collected from different areas of Bangladesh on the mechanical properties of HCB. The fine aggregates used in this study came from the Dharala, Patgram, Lalmonirhat, and Someshwari rivers in Durgapur, Netrokona, Bangladesh. HCBs were manufactured using a hydraulic press machine and were constructed using mix design ratios of 1: 5: 1: 3 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Sylhet Sand: Crushed Stone), 1: 4.17: 1.67: 1.5 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Sylhet Sand: Crushed Stone), 1: 2.33: 2: 1.33 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust: Crushed Stone), 1: 3.33: 2.33 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust) and 1: 2.5: 1: 0.50 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust: Crushed Stone) with water cement (W/C) ratio of 0.37. The specimens' dimensions were chosen to be 390 mm x 190 mm x 100 mm. The specimens were tested for unit weight, water absorption, compressive strength, and tensile strength after 28 days of water curing. The results showed that HCBs made with different fine aggregates from the Dharala, Patgram, Lalmonirhat, and Someshwari rivers in Durgapur, Netrokona, Bangladesh, have different compressive strengths at 28 days, namely 978 PSI, 1604 PSI, 1267 PSI, 1162 PSI, and 2128 PSI.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 153-158
Cardioactive and Antihypertensive Properties of Tinospora crispa: An In vivo Approach
Authors: Anjum Juhaer , Aktar Fahima , Chowdhury Jakir Ahmed , Chowdhury Abu Asad , Kabir Shaila , Sikder Md Al Amin , Amran Md Shah
Published: June 2024

Tinospora crispa, a potent medicinal plant with multiple clinical indications, has a recorded history of ethnopharmaceutical use as an antihypertensive and has also been reported for its cardioactive properties. The antihypertensive and cardioactive properties of the plant were investigated in two different animal models of hypertension (ethanol-induced and digoxin-induced). In both models, the plant’s ethanolic extract was observed to exert a dose-dependent effect. Furthermore, treatment with the ethanolic extract resulted in no undesirable changes in liver and kidney function parameters such as serum SGOT, SGPT and creatinine levels. The ethanolic extract of the plant may, therefore, be considered safe and effective for the treatment of hypertension, although further extensive research into this is warranted.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(1): 1-6, 2024 (June)
Isolation and Characterization of Irvingia gabonensis Seed Contents and the Tableting Properties of its Gum Component
Authors: Shittu A O , Njinga N S
Published: June 2024

This experimental work was designed to isolate, purify and estimate the fatty acids contents of Irvingia gabonensis seeds (IGS) and to evaluate the tableting properties of the gum constituent of the seed in metformin tablet. A known amount of the IGS was crushed and dispersed in purified water at a temperature of 80oC, Ethanol (90 %) was added, filtered and dried at 40oC. The fatty acid components were recovered using petroleum ether, while the gum was further purified with ethanol (90%). The fatty acid contents obtained were analyzed using an Agilent G1701 GC/MSD system. The gum content was evaluated using parameters such as: flow rate, angle of repose, bulk and tapped density and Carr’s index. The gum was granulated with other excipients and metformin powder dried at 40oC. The granules were evaluated as was done for the gum and tablet compression done at 2.0 KN on a single punch tablet machine fitted with 12.5 mm diameter die size. The GC-MS revealed bioactive compounds mainly fatty acids– lauric acid (36.82%), myristic acid (31.52%), benzyl dodecanoate (9.06%) and palmitic acid (4.03%), n-decanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester, tetradecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl ester, etc. The granule size distribution revealed size and compactness in the following order: Acacia gum > IGS-gum > Gelatin, and average granule size for the batches were found to be 500 μm. Evaluation of metformin tablets gave the following results: crushing strength, friability, and disintegration time for B7 and B8 (7.5 and 10 %w/v IGS-gum as binder) as 58 and 68 N, 1.03% and 1.01%, 20.00 and 26.00 min., respectively. B3and B4 (7.5 and 10 %w/v acacia were shown as gum as binder) 44 and 48 N, 1.10 and 1.03%, 20.00 and 23.50 min., respectively. It can be concluded that at 7.5 and 10 %w/v, IGS-gum proved to be a better binder than acacia in metformin tablets formulation.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(1): 53-62, 2024 (June)
Effects of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) Extract on the Acquisition and Expression of Morphine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Swiss Albino Mice: an In vivo, In Silico Approach
Authors: Tithy Sarmin Akther , Hossain Md Monir , Shill Diponkor Kumar , Hossain Md Siam , Islam Arifin , Molla Md Islam , Jahan Sayeda
Published: June 2024

Empirical findings have demonstrated that the application of an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist effectively prevents the formation of morphine-induced location preference. Eugenol, the primary constituent found in the extract of S. aromaticum (SA), exhibits notable efficacy in traversing the blood-brain barrier and possesses inhibitory properties against the metabotropic NMDA receptor. This study aimed to evaluate the actions of the hydro-alcoholic extract of S. aromaticum on the acquisition and expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice, followed by in silico studies. The conditioned place preference (CPP) test was used for investigating addictive-seeking behavior. Morphine (5 mg/kg) was used to produce CPP, and saline was used as a control. Morphine significantly increased the preference scores on the drug-paired side (p<0.001), whereas both doses of S. aromaticum extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) did not reveal any liking compared to the control group. Higher doses of S. aromaticum extract (400 mg/kg) reduced the acquisition of MOR-induced CPP (p<0.001) but had no significant effect on the expression of morphine CPP. Molecular docking analysis showed that the binding affinities of eugenol to NMDA receptor are -5.1 kcal/mol, comparable to the reference NMDA antagonist memantine which has -5.6 kcal/mol binding affinity to NMDA receptor. Eugenol formed hydrophobic bonds with NMDA receptors at VAL644, PHE554, TRP563 and TYR647 residues, comparable to the binding affinity of NMDA antagonist memantine. ADMET analysis showed that eugenol has high intestinal absorption and good bioavailability (>90%) and can cross the BBB easily (logBB> 0.3). On the basis of our in vivo trials and in silico report, we settled that the acquisition effect of S. aromaticum might be due to the antioxidant and antagonistic properties of eugenol to NMDA receptor. It would be reasonable to conduct mechanistic research in the forthcoming days to elucidate the underlying mechanisms utilizing various methodologies.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(1): 77-92, 2024 (June)
Development of a Validated RP-HPLC Method Using Full Factorial Design for the Analysis of Ramipril
Authors: Hossain Md Jahid , Shill Diponkor Kumar , Das Sreedam Chandra , Ahmed Khondoker Shahin , Hossain Hemayet , Kumar Uttom
Published: June 2024

The primary objective of this study is to develop and optimize a simple, novel, reproducible, and efficient RP-HPLC method using quality by design (QbD) approach for the routine analysis of ramipril. The chromatographic separation was carried out by C18 column with an isocratic elution of a mobile phase of 65:35 (%v/v) acetonitrile: water at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The detection was done at a wavelength of 210 nm using a photo-diode array plus (PDA+) detector. A 32 full-factorial design was employed for the development of analytical method using Design Expert® software in which the mobile phase composition and flow rate were taken as independent variables and the retention time (RT), tailing factor (TF) and theoretical plate count (TP) were chosen as responses of the study. Statistically significant models were obtained for the development of the method (p<0.05). The empirical responses perfectly fitted to that of predicted, with an error within the tolerance of ± 2%. This indicates that the model efficiently identified the optimum levels of independent variables, i.e. the composition of mobile phase and its flow rate, to get the desirable responses. The validation of the developed method followed the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines, demonstrating that the method is robust and well-suited for the routine analysis of ramipril in active pharmaceutical ingredients and in drug products.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(1): 93-102, 2024 (June)
Psychiatric Co-morbidity with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Das Anupam , Malakar Choity
Published: June 2024

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder. It is associated with substantial psychiatric comorbidity. Major Depressive disorder & mixed anxiety and depressive disorder are the most common psychiatric co-morbidities.Objective: To evaluate the psychiatric co-morbidity with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive and cross-sectional clinical study. It was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Psychiatry, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College, Sirajganj from January 2021 to December 2022. Total 100 patients were taken.  All the selected patients were interviewed in detail by using ICD-10. Analysis was done according to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for windows version 25.Results: This study shows obsessive compulsive disorder is more common in young to middle age (21 to 40 years) and mean age of onset of illness was 28.31±10.21 years. Maximum (57%) were female and 43% were male. Depressive disorder, mixed anxiety and depressive disorder were most common psychiatric comorbidity (63% and 22%) in patient with OCD followed by panic disorder in 7% patients, social phobia in 5% patients, generalized anxiety disorder in 5% patients, substance abuse in 5% patients, schizophrenia in 5% patients, bipolar affective disorder in 2% patients and tic disorder in 1% patients.Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in individuals diagnosed with OCD. The most prevalent co-occurring disorders are depressive disorder & mixed anxiety and depressive disorder.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 04, January 2024: 206-209.
Impairment of Renal Function in Perinatal Asphyxia with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in Term Neonates
Authors: Sumona Khandokar  , Begum Sharifun Naher  , Shah Alam Albani  , Shabnam Sahidullah  , Yesmin Tanjin Jahan  , Prodip Malaker  , Farhana Rahman  , Imran Habib  , Vikarun Nesa  , Abu Taleb
Published: June 2024

Background: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide including in Bangladesh. It causes damage to almost every tissue and organ of the body. In kidneys, renal insufficiency may occur promptly even within 24 hours of asphyxia. So, renal function assessment is essential for accurate management of metabolic derangement in neonates as prolonged hypoxic ischemic episode can lead to irreversible cortical necrosis with onset of acute renal failure.Objectives: To find out renal impairment and to measure serum creatinine, serum electrolyte and eGFR, Also to compare biochemical parameters level and determine the frequency of AKI among the asphyxiated neonates with HIE.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the neonatal care unit of Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. A total of 70 term neonates suffered from perinatal asphyxia with different stages of Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. A ‘p’ value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Among 70 term neonates having HIE, it was observed that 62.9% neonates had moderate birth asphyxia followed by mild (28.6%) and severe (8.6%). Newborns with SGA (71.4%) had more renal impairment than AGA. Among biochemical variables Blood urea and serum creatinine were high and eGFR was low in stage Π. Among electrolytes, hyponatremia was present in 24.3% of cases and more in stage Π, and hyperkalemia was present in 21.4% of cases and more in stage Ш. AKI was found in 18.6% of cases, Risk (stage 1) was 77%, Injury (stage Π) was 15.3% and Failure (stage 3) was 7.7 %.Conclusion: Renal impairment was found in 18.5% of term asphyxiated neonates with HIE according to pRIFLE and AKIN criteria and Biochemical parameters showed no significant changes between different stages of HIE.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 04, January 2024: 198-205.
Hubungan Kelekatan Ibu Dan Anak Dengan Kemandirian Anak Usia 5--6 Tahun Di Tk Gugus I Kamboja Kecamatan Lebong Utara Kabupaten Lebong
Authors: Falega Arnosa Tri , Riyanto Riyanto , Wembrayarli Wembrayarli
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kelekatan ibu dan anak dengan kemandirian anak usia 5—6 tahun di TK Gugus I Kamboja Kecamatan Lebong Utara Kabupaten Lebong. Penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian korelasional. Penentuan sampel pada penelitian ini digunakan teknik Nonpropotional Random Sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 83 orang untuk ibu dan untuk guru. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan angket, data yang terkumpul di hitung menggunakan rumus Spearman Rank Correlation untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara variabel X dengan variabel Y. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kelekatan ibu dan anak dengan kemandirian.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Mengenal Warna melalui Benda Sekitar pada Anak Kelompok B TK Tunas Rimba 1 Samarinda
Authors: Sudarwati Umi
Published: June 2024

Konsep warna sangat berkaitan erat dengan lingkungan sekitar anak, anak tidak bisa lepas dari warna benda yang ada di sekelilingnya. Mengutarakan kemampuan mengenal warna anak dapat di stimulasi dengan menggunakan tumbuhan, buah- buahan, gambar, visualisasi, dan permainan warna. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatkan kemampuan mengenal warna melalui benda sekitar pada anak Kelompok B di TK Tunas Rimba 1 Samarinda. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa kemampuan anak mengenal warna pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata – rata 44 dengan kriteria kurang sekali, kemudian mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II sebesar 43 %, diperoleh nilai rata – rata 63 dengan kriteria cukup. dan pada siklus III meningkat sebesar 19 %, diperoleh nilai rata – rata 75 dengan kriteria baik. Sehingga diperoleh peningkatan kemampuan mengenal warna dari siklus I hingga siklus III sebesar 70 %. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui benda sekitar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal warna, khususnya anak kelompok B TK Tunas Rimba 1 Samarinda.
Pengaruh Parenting Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Shofia Shofia zahra rizqia , Faiza Faiza luthfillah , Tiara Tiara alyani purnama
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh parenting terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalan dengan jenis penelitian literatur. Sasaran yang menjadi bahan penelitian yaitu berupa jurnal-jurnal berbahasa Indonesia yang terdapat di Google Scholar. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui studi pustaka dan teknik pengembangan instrumen yaitu dengan intrumen dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik analisis isi atau analysis content. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu menunjukan bahwa parenting sangat berpengaruh san berperan dalam perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini, karena pada masa perkembangannya anak usia dini memerlukan pengasuhan dari orang tua atau orang dewasa di sekitarnya. Parenting tidak hanya dilakukan oleh ayah dan ibu saja, tetapi bisa dengan menggunakan metode, media, serta konsep yang berbeda yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini. Dari hasil penelitian ini, direkomendasikan pada penelitian lebih lanjut, untuk meneliti lebih jauh tentang metode dan media yang bisa dilakukan untuk dapat mengembangkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini.
Pengeloaan Lingkungan Belajar Outdoor di RA Al-Khoeriyah
Authors: Rifda Sa'adatul Laila Rifda , Intana Putri Kusumah Tyara , Sianturi Risbon
Published: June 2024

Lingkungan belajar yang baik adalah lingkungan yang dimana memiliki banyak implementasi dan kondisi yang baik. Implementasi disini dapat diartikan sebagai upaya-upaya pengelolaan dalam lingkungan belajar, sedangkan kondisi yang baik merupakan salah satu dari implementasi utama yang dapat memberikan motivasi, inspirasi, dan semangat bagi peserta didik. Lingkungan belajar outdoor di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini memiliki berbagai dukungan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang dimana disertai dengan berbagai spesifikasinya. Permasalahan dan hambatan  dalam hal tersebut dijadikan wadah sebagai penelitian dan analisis peneliti atau penulis artikel ini. Tujuan lebih lengkapnya adalah untuk membagi informasi terkait lingkungan belajar outdoor di salah satu Raudatul Athfal di Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik penelitian berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa keselamatan, strategi, manfaat, kondisi, dan komunikasi yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan belajar outdoor di RA ini memiliki pengelolaan yang intekartif, komunikatif, dan kondusif. Beberapa kendala dalam area bermain dan belajar anak di luar ruangan dapat menjadikan hambatan bagi perkembangannya, Raudatul Athfal Al Khoeriyah memiliki upaya alternatif untuk menunjang keefektifan peserta didik dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya.
Studi Etnografi Tari Sigeh Pengunten sebagai Warisan Budaya Lampung di Lembaga PAUD
Authors: Krisnawati Septi Dwi
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan yang terjadi pada penelitian ini adalah pelestarian budaya Lampung kepada anak-anak mulai menurun karena tergantikan oleh perkembangan jaman, anak lebih tertarik pada budaya luar dan hal tersebut tidak baik untuk generasi penerus bangsa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelestarian tari Sigeh Pengunten pada Lembaga PAUD dan seberapa penting tari Sigeh Pengunten sebagai warisan budaya Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis studi etnografi. Subyek penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah wali kelas guru kelompok A dan wali kelas kelompok B. Tempat penelitian ini adalah di PAUD Buay Asri yang terletak di Desa Sumber Rejeki, Kecamatan Negeri Agung, Kabupaten Way Kanan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya pengenalan tari Sigeh Pengunten kepada anak usia dini untuk dapat menjaga dan memperkaya budaya Lampung, sehingga tradisi ini dapat terus hidup dan diteruskan ke generasi mendatang serta memberikan pemahaman yang lebih luas tentang nilai-nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam Tari Sigeh Pengunten. Maka dari itu harapannya Lembaga PAUD dapat terus mendukung anak untuk melestarikan budaya Lampung sebagai warisan budaya Lampung.
Implementasi Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif Dalam Mengembangkan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di Tk Muslimat Nu II Pangorayan Proppo Pamekasan
Authors: Umam Lailatulqamariyah , Musayyadah
Published: June 2024

Aspek perkembangan sosial emosional merupakan salah satu aspek perkembangan yang harus dioptimalkan pada anak, yang nantinya akan menentukan sikap dan perilaku anak ketika dewasa. Salah satu upaya untuk dapat membantu perkembangan sosial emosional anak, diperlukan metode pembelajaran yang cocok untuk diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran. Salah satunya dengan penerapan metode pembelajaran kooperatif. Pada penelitian ini, menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dengan subjek penelitian anak usia 4-5 tahun TK Muslimat NU II Pangorayan sebanyak 20 siswa, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan secara mendalam mengenai implementasi dan dampak dari pembelajaran kooperatif dalam mengembangkan sosial emosional anak usia 4-5 tahun di TK Muslimat NU II Pangorayan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, penerapan metode pembelajaran kooperatif dalam upaya membantu perkembangan sosial emosional anak di TK Muslimat NU II Pangorayan dirasa sudah berhasil. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perubahan sikap anak yang merupakan karakteristik dan indikator perkembangan sosial emosional anak, diantaranya, kesadaran diri, rasa tanggung jawab dan prilaku sosial.
Harmoni Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini : Menjalin Kepemimpinan Kolaboratif Antar Semua Steakholder Di TK Kartika
Authors: Sundari Ayu , Masturoh Sopi , Sianturi Risbon
Published: June 2024

Kepemimpinan merupakan salah satu aspek yang penting dalam kehidupan termasuk dalam lembaga PAUD. Dalam pendidikan anak usia dini, kepemimpinan adalah suatu kegiatan memimpin yang mencakup kegiatan administrasi  dan manajemen untuk memastikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak secara optimal dan menyeluruh. Pendekatan kepemimpinan yang kolaboratif dapat membantu semua orang untuk bekerja sama dan membangun kolaborasi yang kuat di era yang semakin kompleks dengan kebutuhan dan tantangan yang beragam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana harmonisasi dalam kepemimpinan lembaga PAUD yang melibatkan semua steakholder di TK Kartika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara terstruktur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa konsep kepemimpinan di TK Kartika telah berjalan sesuai dengan standar yang diharapkan dan dikelola dengan baik. Terutama, kepala sekolah TK Kartika telah mengadopsi tiga gaya kepemimpinan yang berpotensi membawa perbaikan yang signifikan yaitu gaya kepemimpinan demokratis, transformatif dan inovatif.
Yalnız Kalma Hakkı
Authors: Doğu Hakkı Mert
Published: June 2024

Yalnız kalma hakkı, kişiye gizli bir alanın tanınmasını sağlayan ve bunun korunması imkânını veren bir hak olarak tanımlanabilir. Yalnız kalma hakkına ilişkin değerlendirmeler yapılırken özel hayat, özel hayatın gizliliği ve mahremiyet haklarından faydalanılması gerekmektedir. Nitekim tarihsel süreçte de yalnız kalma hakkı ile söz konusu hakların birbirini etkilediği; aralarında sıkı bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak zamanla bu ilişki tamamen ortadan kalmasa da zayıflamış; yalnız kalma hakkı kendine has özellikleriyle bu haklardan ayrılmaya başlamıştır. Yalnız kalma hakkı, bütün özgürlüklerin başlangıcı ve temelini oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca yalnız kalma hakkının kişinin kendi iç dünyasıyla baş başa kalması şeklinde ortaya koyulması da mümkündür. Bu sebeplerden hareketle yalnız kalma hakkının, ayrı bir kişilik hakkı olarak kabul edilmesi yanlış olmaz.