bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prosthodontic Pathways in the Interdisciplinary Management of a Patient with an Ameloblastoma in the Maxilla
Authors: Susiripala Y.K.Shashie Nathaliya , Sivaguru Vasantha
Published: March 2021

Ameloblastoma is a benign and locally aggressive neoplasm. The treatment of choice is surgical resection, which, although removing tumour, will often result in aesthetic and functional problems for the patient.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: For patients with ameloblastoma in the maxilla, careful planning with the involvement of a multidisciplinary team is essential for improving post-surgical quality of life.
A Review of the Evidence for the Provision of the Routine Scale and Polish for the Prevention of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Birt Rachel , Healy Claire M , MacCarthy Denise , Winning Lewis
Published: March 2021

The routine scale and polish is the most commonly performed treatment procedure in general dental practice. With a large proportion of state dental health expenditure in the UK and Ireland being used to provide ‘routine scale and polish’ treatments, it is necessary to establish the true value of this treatment for patients. In this narrative review, we discuss the available evidence regarding provision of the routine scale and polish. Based on the available studies, there is little evidence to support the use of the routine scale and polish alone for the prevention of periodontal disease.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper evaluates the evidence surrounding the routine provision of scaling and polishing for the prevention of gingivitis and periodontitis.
Effective use of Translation Services in Dentistry
Authors: Patel Kajal B , Walshaw Emma G , Adam Naeem I
Published: March 2021

Translation services are central to effective communication with patients unable to speak English, or with hearing impairment. This article gives an overview of the cost of translation services in key secondary care locations and provides guidance on how best to optimize their use clinically. Freedom of information requests were made to 20 dental hospitals in the United Kingdom to ascertain the number and cost of interpreter and sign-language appointments. We highlight the importance of using these necessary but costly services effectively.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Guidance is given on how to best use translator services in a dental setting, better ensuring valid consent and promoting patient autonomy.
Research roundup: March 2021
Authors: James Natasha , Odd Dawn
Published: March 2021

In this section, a range of brief synopses of recently published articles that may be of interest to health visitors is presented. The aim of this roundup is to give an overview, rather than a detailed summary, of the research papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Words used by the breathless patient in COPD and enhancing therapeutic care
Authors: Harrison Susan
Published: March 2021

Shortness of breath, dyspnoea and breathlessness are collective terms to describe the awareness of inadequate gas exchange within the respiratory system. Varying mechanisms, behavioural and physiological changes are caused by this ventilation–perfusion mismatch. This complex sensation encompasses many diverse concepts. The spectrum of language and words used as a consequence of this sensation vary from quality and intensity to emotions and feelings. Matching the phrases to the cause supports understanding. Studies reviewed produced clusters of verbal descriptors which reflect the multidimensional input as a consequence of being out of breath. Using these clusters has produced a comprehensive list of twelve words known as ‘The Dyspnoea 12’ which, when used, quantifies the severity of this debilitating and extremely distressing symptom. Could these verbal descriptors be used to aid the assessment and treatment of their cause in service users and provide a more holistic view to a widespread problem?
Characterization of retardance spatial variations over the aperture of liquid-crystal variable retarders
Authors: Ramírez Claudio N. , Montes-González Iván , Bruce Neil C. , López-Téllez Juan Manuel , Rodríguez-Herrera Oscar G. , Rosete-Aguilar Martha
Published: March 2021

We present a comparison of two experimental methods to measure retardance as a function of applied voltage and as a function of position over the aperture of liquid-crystal variable retarders. These measurements are required for many applications, particularly in polarimetry. One method involves the scan of an unexpanded laser beam over the aperture, and the other uses an expanded beam from a LED and a CCD camera to measure the full aperture with a single measurement. The first method is time consuming, is limited in the measured spatial resolution, and requires more expensive equipment to perform the scan, whereas the second method is low cost, with the spatial resolution of the CCD, and fast, but in principle has variations of the incident beam over the aperture that affect the measured retardance values. The results obtained show good agreement for the average values of retardance for the two methods, but the expanded-beam method shows more noise, particularly close to the voltage values at which the variable-retarder retardance versus voltage curves are unwrapped. These retardance variations can be reduced by smoothing the retardance image, which makes the expanded-beam method an attractive method for polarimetry applications since it gives the complete information in the full aperture of the device with the additional advantages of low cost, simplicity, and being less time consuming.
Principles for data analysis workflows
Authors: Stoudt Sara , Vásquez Váleri N. , Martinez Ciera C.
Published: March 2021

A systematic and reproducible “workflow”—the process that moves a scientific investigation from raw data to coherent research question to insightful contribution—should be a fundamental part of academic data-intensive research practice. In this paper, we elaborate basic principles of a reproducible data analysis workflow by defining 3 phases: the Explore, Refine, and Produce Phases. Each phase is roughly centered around the audience to whom research decisions, methodologies, and results are being immediately communicated. Importantly, each phase can also give rise to a number of research products beyond traditional academic publications. Where relevant, we draw analogies between design principles and established practice in software development. The guidance provided here is not intended to be a strict rulebook; rather, the suggestions for practices and tools to advance reproducible, sound data-intensive analysis may furnish support for both students new to research and current researchers who are new to data-intensive work.
Robust quantitative assessment of collagen fibers with picrosirius red stain and linearly polarized light as demonstrated on atherosclerotic plaque samples
Authors: Greiner Cherry , Grainger Stephanie , Farrow Samantha , Davis Alena , Su Jimmy L. , Saybolt Matthew D. , Wilensky Robert , Madden Sean , Sum Stephen T.
Published: March 2021

Collagen is an important component in maintaining structural integrity and functionality of tissues and is modulated in various biological processes. Its visualization and possible quantification using histopathological stains can be important for understanding disease progression or therapeutic response. Visualization of collagen fiber with the histological stain picrosirius red (PSR) is enhanced with polarized light and quantitative analysis is possible using circular polarizers. However, linear polarizers are more commonly available and easier to optically align. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate a novel image acquisition technique and analysis method using linearly polarized light. The proposed imaging technique is based on image acquisition at multiple slide rotation angles, which are co-registered to form a composite image used for quantitative analysis by pixel intensity or pixel counting. The technique was demonstrated on multiple human coronary samples with varying histopathologies and developed specifically to analyze cap collagen in atherosclerotic plaque. Pixel counting image analysis was found to be reproducible across serial tissue sections and across different users and sufficiently sensitive to detect differences in cap structural integrity that are likely relevant to prediction of rupture risk. The benefit of slide rotation angle under linear polarization to acquire images represents a feasible and practical implementation for expanding the general utility of PSR for quantitative analysis.
Clinical decision-making in older adults following emergency admission to hospital. Derivation and validation of a risk stratification score: OPERA
Authors: Arjan Khushal , Forni Lui G. , Venn Richard M. , Hunt David , Hodgson Luke Eliot
Published: March 2021

Objectives of the study

Demographic changes alongside medical advances have resulted in older adults accounting for an increasing proportion of emergency hospital admissions. Current measures of illness severity, limited to physiological parameters, have shortcomings in this cohort, partly due to patient complexity. This study aimed to derive and validate a risk score for acutely unwell older adults which may enhance risk stratification and support clinical decision-making.

Methods

Data was collected from emergency admissions in patients ≥65 years from two UK general hospitals (April 2017- April 2018). Variables underwent regression analysis for in-hospital mortality and independent predictors were used to create a risk score. Performance was assessed on external validation. Secondary outcomes included seven-day mortality and extended hospital stay.

Results

Derivation (n = 8,974) and validation (n = 8,391) cohorts were analysed. The model included the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), clinical frailty scale (CFS), acute kidney injury, age, sex, and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool. For mortality, area under the curve for the model was 0.79 (95% CI 0.78–0.80), superior to NEWS2 0.65 (0.62–0.67) and CFS 0.76 (0.74–0.77) (P<0.0001). Risk groups predicted prolonged hospital stay: the highest risk group had an odds ratio of 9.7 (5.8–16.1) to stay >30 days.

Conclusions

Our simple validated model (Older Persons’ Emergency Risk Assessment [OPERA] score) predicts in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay and could be easily integrated into electronic hospital systems, enabling automatic digital generation of risk stratification within hours of admission. Future studies may validate the OPERA score in external populations and consider an impact analysis.
Sub-lethal aquatic doses of pyriproxyfen may increase pyrethroid resistance in malaria mosquitoes
Authors: Opiyo Mercy A. , Ngowo Halfan S. , Mapua Salum A. , Mpingwa Monica , Nchimbi Nuru , Matowo Nancy S. , Majambere Silas , Okumu Fredros O.
Published: March 2021

Background

Pyriproxyfen (PPF), an insect growth hormone mimic is widely used as a larvicide and in some second-generation bed nets, where it is combined with pyrethroids to improve impact. It has also been evaluated as a candidate for auto-dissemination by adult mosquitoes to control Aedes and Anopheles species. We examined whether PPF added to larval habitats of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors can modulate levels of resistance among emergent adult mosquitoes.

Methodology

Third-instar larvae of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles arabiensis (both laboratory-reared and field-collected) were reared in different PPF concentrations, between 1×10−9 milligrams active ingredient per litre of water (mgAI/L) and 1×10−4 mgAI/L, or no PPF at all. Emergent adults escaping these sub-lethal exposures were tested using WHO-standard susceptibility assays on pyrethroids (0.75% permethrin and 0.05% deltamethrin), carbamates (0.1% bendiocarb) and organochlorides (4% DDT). Biochemical basis of pyrethroid resistance was investigated by pre-exposure to 4% PBO. Bio-efficacies of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, Olyset® and PermaNet 2.0 were also examined against adult mosquitoes with or without previous aquatic exposure to PPF.

Results

Addition of sub-lethal doses of PPF to larval habitats of pyrethroid-resistant An. arabiensis, consistently resulted in significantly reduced mortalities of emergent adults when exposed to pyrethroids, but not to bendiocarb or DDT. Mortality rates after exposure to Olyset® nets, but not PermaNet 2.0 were also reduced following aquatic exposures to PPF. Pre-exposure to PBO followed by permethrin or deltamethrin resulted in significant increases in mortality, compared to either insecticide alone.

Conclusions

Partially-resistant mosquitoes exposed to sub-lethal aquatic concentrations of PPF may become more resistant to pyrethroids than they already are without such pre-exposures. Studies should be conducted to examine whether field applications of PPF, either by larviciding or other means actually exacerbates pyrethroid-resistance in areas where signs of such resistance already exist in wild the vector populations. The studies should also investigate mechanisms underlying such magnification of resistance, and how this may impact the potential of PPF-based interventions in areas with pyrethroid resistance.
Healthcare providers experiences of using uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) devices for the treatment of post-partum haemorrhage: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Finlayson Kenneth , Vogel Joshua P. , Althabe Fernando , Widmer Mariana , Oladapo Olufemi T.
Published: March 2021

Background

Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality and severe morbidity globally. When PPH cannot be controlled using standard medical treatments, uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) may be used to arrest bleeding. While UBT is used by healthcare providers in hospital settings internationally, their views and experiences have not been systematically explored. The aim of this review is to identify, appraise and synthesize available evidence about the views and experiences of healthcare providers using UBT to treat PPH.

Methods

Using a pre-determined search strategy, we searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, LILACS, AJOL, and reference lists of eligible studies published 1996–2019, reporting qualitative data on the views and experiences of health professionals using UBT to treat PPH. Author findings were extracted and synthesised using techniques derived from thematic synthesis and confidence in the findings was assessed using GRADE-CERQual.

Results

Out of 89 studies we identified 5 that met our inclusion criteria. The studies were conducted in five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa and reported on the use of simple UBT devices for the treatment of PPH. A variety of cadres (including midwives, medical officers and clinical officers) had experience with using UBTs and found them to be effective, convenient, easy to assemble and relatively inexpensive. Providers also suggested regular, hands-on training was necessary to maintain skills and highlighted the importance of community engagement in successful implementation.

Conclusions

Providers felt that administration of a simple UBT device offered a practical and cost-effective approach to the treatment of uncontrolled PPH, especially in contexts where uterotonics were ineffective or unavailable or where access to surgery was not possible. The findings are limited by the relatively small number of studies contributing to the review and further research in other contexts is required to address wider acceptability and feasibility issues.
Potassium nutrient response in the rice-wheat cropping system in different agro-ecozones of Nepal
Authors: Ojha Roshan Babu , Shrestha Shova , Khadka Yajna Gajadhar , Panday Dinesh
Published: March 2021

Most of the soils of Nepal had a higher potassium (K, expressed as K2O) level inherently. Later in 1976, the Government of Nepal has recommended K fertilizer rate at 30 kg K2O ha-1in rice-wheat cropping systems. However, those crops began showing K deficiency symptoms in recent decades, which could be due to a large portion of soils with depleted K level or the insufficient input of K fertilizer for crop production. This study explored a limitation of K nutrient in the crops by establishing field trials from 2009–2014 at three agro-ecozones i.e., inner-Terai (2009–2010), high-Hills (2011–2012), and Terai (2012–2014) in Nepal. Seven rates of K fertilizer at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 kg K2O ha-1were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design, where crop yields and yield-attributing parameters of rice-wheat cropping system were recorded. Results revealed that an increase in K rates from 45 to 75 kg K2O ha-1under inner-Terai and Terai conditions and 45 to 60 kg ha-1under high-Hills conditions produced significantly higher grain yields compared to the recommended K dose. Economically, the optimum rate of K fertilizer should not exceed 68 kg K2O ha-1for rice in all agro-ecozones, or 73 kg K2O ha-1for wheat in inner-Terai and 60 kg K2O ha-1for wheat in high-Hills and Terai. Our findings suggest to increase potassium application in between 1.5 to 2.5 times of the current K fertilizer rate in rice-wheat cropping system of Nepal that need to be tested further in different locations and crop varieties.
Forty years later: Laurie Strode and the survival of the Final Girl
Authors: Podraza Morgan
Published: March 2021

The Final Girl trope is well established in horror, and the Final Girl’s actions leading up to and including the moment of her ‘triumph’ over the monstrous threat have generated a rich vein of scholarly and popular discourse. However, the life and experiences of the Final Girl beyond the violent events that initially defined her have largely remained unexplored despite the repetitive appearance of characters like Laurie Strode across horror franchises. By pairing John Halloween and David Gordon Halloween – positioned as a direct sequel to the original film – the life of the Final Girl beyond her confrontation with the monstrous threat is made visible, and the experiences and effects of trauma are centred. An analysis of the visual and narrative manifestations of Laurie Strode’s experience of trauma makes clear the limits of the traditionally constructed trope by asking what it means to survive within horror franchises. Acknowledging the Final Girl as a survivor of trauma fosters new possibilities for how the Final Girl trope is discussed and calls attention to the ways that representations of trauma within the horror genre can reflect and reify the experiences of survivors in positive and productive ways.
Evolución de la amnesia postraumática en un paciente con ACV
Authors: López García Sara I.
Published: March 2021

Los accidentes cerebrovasculares son enfermedades muy frecuentes y que pueden ser prevenidas mejorando el estilo de vida. Estos accidentes suelen ocasionar distintas alteraciones neurológicas dependiendo de la zona cerebral que se vea afectada, causando cambios en funciones cognitivas como la atención, las funciones ejecutivas, el lenguaje o la memoria, y suelen ocasionar que el paciente pierda independencia en sus actividades de la vida diaria. En muchas ocasiones tras una lesión cerebral, en este caso tras un accidente cerebrovascular, nos podemos encontrar con un paciente que sufre una amnesia postraumática, el cual es un síntoma transitorio, y cuya evaluación nos ayuda a conocer mejor la gravedad de las lesiones y las secuelas que pueden quedar después del accidente. La amnesia postraumática puede ser evaluada con la “Galveston Orientation Amnesia Test” (GOAT), que nos ayuda tanto a detectarla como a determinar su duración. El problema de esta escala es que tiene algunas limitaciones que hacen que, en ciertos casos, dependiendo de las capacidades cognitivas del paciente tras el accidente, los resultados no sean demasiado fiables. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar la amnesia postraumática de un paciente tras sufrir un accidente cerebrovascular a través de esta escala, pero debido a la afasia que sufría fue muy difícil obtener unos datos fiables y concluyentes para determinar cuando había salido de la amnesia postraumática, por lo que deberían existir otras escalas que tuvieran en cuenta estas limitaciones. Además de esta escala se utilizaron otras que ayudaron a diseñar un programa de intervención.
Efectos de una intervención psicológica en la memoria, capacidad de aprendizaje y función ejecutiva de un joven-adulto con TOC
Authors: Martínez González Agustín Ernesto , Piqueras Rodríguez José Antonio , Molina Torres Jonatan , Lara Ros Mario Ramón
Published: March 2021

En las últimas décadas los estudios neuropsicológicos han hallado déficit para atención, memoria y función ejecutiva en sujetos con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo. Del mismo, modo la literatura ha descrito los tratamientos más eficaces para disminuir la sintomatología obsesiva. Se han evidenciado cambios en el cerebro tras un tratamiento psicológico en el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo. En el presente estudio se evalúan los procesos neuropsicológicos y la sintomatología obsesivo-compulsiva tras seis meses de intervención psicológica en un joven-adulto con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo. Los resultados muestran una mejora de los procesos cognitivos como la memoria verbal a corto y largo plazo, capacidad de aprendizaje, así como la función ejecutiva. Conclusiones: Este estudio obtiene resultados sobre los efectos de la intervención psicológica en los procesos neuropsicológicos. Futuros estudios deben incluir una muestra mayor de sujetos para ver los efectos neuropsicológicos de los diferentes tratamientos a largo plazo.
Seguimiento del Desarrollo Psicomotor en un Caso con Microdeleción Distal 1q21.1
Authors: Cañada Ruiz Ana Isabel
Published: March 2021

El síndrome de microdeleción 1q21.1 es una enfermedad rara, provocado por una diminuta deleción 1.35 Mb recurrente en la región 1q21. Los individuos con esta alteración genética pueden tener una amplia gama de manifestaciones clínicas. Algunos de los casos estudiados no presentan síntomas, mientras que otros muestran características fenotípicas como pueden ser microcefalia, retraso en el desarrollo, rasgos dismórficos y convulsiones. Este trabajo reporta el caso de un niño de 40 meses de edad, al que se le detecta esta alteración, a la edad aproximada de 12 meses, mediante estudio genético Microarray; basado en la hibridación genómica comparada (Comparative Genomic Hybridization) ( a- CGH en adelante). Presenta rasgos dismórficos faciales, microcefalia así como retraso en su desarrollo psicomotor. No se han encontrado estudios de caso único en la literatura científica centrados en el funcionamiento psicomotor, por lo que son necesarias más aportaciones a fin de esclarecer esta cuestión. El presente estudio se encamina en esa vertiente, teniendo como objetivos principales analizar de forma detallada las características de su desarrollo psicomotor empleando el Inventario de Desarrollo Battelle y realizar el seguimiento de la intervención neuropsicológica.
Malestar psicológico en mujeres con obesidad con y sin riesgo de trastorno alimentario
Authors: Custodio Jesica , Murawski Brenda , Elizathe Luciana , Rutsztein Guillermina
Published: March 2021

La Organización Mundial de la Salud plantea que las tasas de incidencia y prevalencia de obesidad están alcanzando cifras alarmantes a nivel mundial. A su vez, esta enfermedad trae aparejadas importantes consecuencias a nivel físico, psicológico y social. Una de las complicaciones más habituales en el tratamiento de la obesidad es que suele coexistir con trastornos alimentarios y está asociada a un intenso malestar psicológico. Trabajos previos han comparado pacientes con obesidad con y sin trastorno alimentario, mostrando que los primeros exhiben tasas más elevadas de malestar psicológico en relación con quienes sólo presentan obesidad. El objetivo del estudio es identificar riesgo de trastorno alimentario (tales como Trastorno por Atracón, Bulimia Nerviosa o Síndrome de Comedor Nocturno) en mujeres con diagnóstico de obesidad y comparar los niveles de malestar psicológico entre aquellas pacientes con y sin riesgo de trastorno alimentario. La muestra de tipo incidental está conformada por 65 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años de la ciudad de Buenos Aires con diagnóstico de obesidad según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en etapa inicial de tratamiento para esta enfermedad. Las participantes completaron voluntariamente las Sub-escalas de riesgo del Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) y el Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90). Se conformaron dos grupos: pacientes con riesgo de trastorno alimentario (grupo RTA) y pacientes sin riesgo de trastorno alimentario (grupo NRTA). Los resultado del estudio revelan que el 50.8% de la muestra presentó riesgo de trastorno alimentario. Se compararon ambos grupos respecto al malestar psicológico y se hallaron diferencias significativas en todas las sub-escalas del SCL-90-R así como en el Índice Global de Severidad. Es llamativo el alto porcentaje de riesgo de trastorno alimentario en mujeres con obesidad. Asimismo, el elevado nivel de malestar psicológico en pacientes con obesidad que presentan riesgo de trastorno alimentario da cuenta de la necesidad de realizar tratamientos específicos que incluyan estos factores, en tanto pueden interferir en el tratamiento de la obesidad y afectar seriamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Herramientas tecnológicas para la medición y registro de movimiento objetivo de la hiperactividad
Authors: Sempere Tortosa Mireia Luisa , Fernández Carrasco Francisco , García-Fernández José Manuel , Cantó Díez Tomás J.
Published: March 2021

Al no existir ninguna condición que determine de forma inequívoca la existencia del TDAH, el diagnóstico es clínico, y se determina por la observación y la información facilitada por padres y maestros. Esto resulta altamente subjetivo e induce a resultados dispares, en buena medida, por la falta de acuerdo en los instrumentos y procedimientos de evaluación. De esta forma, la imprecisión del diagnóstico del TDAH, basado en criterios subjetivos, unida a que la hiperactividad es uno de los síntomas troncales de este trastorno conllevan que, desde hace más de una década se vengan realizando estudios para registrar medidas objetivas de movimiento en los sujetos. Este artículo revisa las diferentes tecnologías existentes en el mercado que permiten el registro y medición del movimiento de un cuerpo humano para facilitar la obtención de una medida objetiva de movimiento que apoye el diagnóstico del TDAH. Se revisan tres tecnologías diferentes: sistemas de video; sistemas de captura de movimiento basados en sensores o marcadores; y sistemas de detección de mapas de profundidad, describiendo las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada una de ellas para el apoyo al diagnóstico del TDAH.
Efectos a corto plazo de la intervención integral en un caso de meningitis iatrogénica
Authors: Mingo Bermúdez Teresa
Published: March 2021

Diferentes estudios recogidos en la literatura científica evidencian que pacientes adultos que han sufrido un episodio de meningitis séptica o aséptica, pueden presentar alteraciones motoras y cognitivas incluso tras una recuperación exitosa. La rehabilitación neuropsicológica se ha mostrado eficaz para la mejora de las funciones cognitivas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las diferencias entre la evaluación pre-test de un caso único de un paciente con meningitis iatrogénica bacteriana tras punción lumbar, y la evaluación post-test de dicho paciente, realizada tras diez meses de rehabilitación neuropsicológica y psicoterapia. Los resultados muestran una mejora discreta de algunas capacidades cognitivas alteradas y una mejora significativa en la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva. Conclusiones: Este estudio obtiene resultados sobre los efectos de la rehabilitación integral en los procesos cognitivos y en el estado de ánimo en un paciente con meningitis iatrogénica. Futuros estudios deben incluir una mayor muestra y evaluaciones post-test a más largo plazo.
Vállalatok egy Neumann-típusú gazdaságban (Firms in a Neumann’s model economy)
Authors: Dobos Imre
Published: March 2021

A dolgozat a klasszikusnak tekinthető Neumann-féle növekedési modell egy új alapra helyezését tartalmazza. Az eredeti Neumann-modellben expliciten vállalatok nem szerepelnek, csak technológiák vagy eljárások. A dolgozat egy olyan Neumann-típusú modellt vizsgál, amelyben az egyes technológiáknak vállalatokat feleltet meg, és azt vizsgálja, hogy ilyen feltételezés mellett egy ilyen gazdaságban léteznek-e olyan megoldások, amelyek mellett a vállalatok maximalizálják a nyereségüket. Ennek vizsgálata közben arra az eredményre juthatunk, hogy erre az esetre a klasszikus Neumann-modell által feltételezett nempozitív nyereséget felül kell vizsgálni, ami a klasszikus matematikai közgazdaságtan dualitáson alapuló alapfeltételezése. ______ The paper investigates a generalization of the classical growth model of John von Neumann. There are only technologies in model of von Neumann. The aim of the paper is to rename technologies as firms and it is analyzed whether there exist equilibrium prices and quantities for firms to maximize the total profit. The paper reexamines the classical assumption about the duality of prices, i.e. it is allowed a nonnegative profit of firms.
Educação alimentar e nutricional: estratégia de intervenção com docentes do ensino infantil.
Authors: Honório Camilla Reis , Filgueiras Mariana De Santis , De Freitas Edilaine Lopes , Fonseca Poliana Cristina de Almeida , Priore Silvia Eloiza
Published: March 2021

Promoção de saúde com crianças requer ações que incluam atividades educativas específicas para faixa etária e nível de compreensão cognitiva. O professor é reconhecido como modelo estimulador na inserção de hábitos saudáveis. Assim dessa forma, esses profissionais devem se conscientizar de sua importância na construção de hábitos alimentares adequados na infância. Capacitar os docentes de ensino infantil por meio da educação alimentar e nutricional, a fim de promover o conhecimento apropriado no ambiente escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, cuja amostra foi composta por 8 docentes de uma escola privada que atende crianças com idades de 2 a 6 anos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em 3 etapas: no primeiro momento avaliou-se o grau de conhecimento dos docentes em relação ao tema alimentação e nutrição, utilizando-se questionário elaborado por Macedo et al. (2008) e dinâmica denominada “Pirâmide em Branco”, na qual os professores preencheram uma pirâmide alimentar com os alimentos, que estes julgaram ser saudáveis. Na segunda etapa realizou-se capacitação com os professores referente às noções básicas de nutrição e a dinâmica “Troca de Ideias” e foram propostos materiais de apoio didático e atividades como, teatros e visitas à horta em escolas, para estimular os docentes e seus alunos a discutirem temas relacionados à nutrição. Na etapa final, com objetivo de avaliar o conhecimento adquirido, os professores responderam ao mesmo questionário aplicado na primeira etapa. Logo após, foi realizada uma dinâmica descrita como “A Árvore do Conhecimento”, onde cada professor recebeu uma folha, uma flor e um fruto em papel para escrever sua opinião sobre o projeto. Na flor, o que foi bom, mas que poderia ser melhorado; no fruto o que consideravam tão bom ao ponto de não haver necessidade de mudanças; e na folha relataram sugestões sobre a atuação de educação alimentar e nutricional na escola. Ao final, os recortes foram anexados em um tronco de uma árvore colado no quadro e houve uma discussão baseada no ponto de vista de cada um. Na avaliação aplicada antes e após a capacitação, a média geral de conhecimento a intervenção educativa foi de 8,20 e 9,40, respectivamente de um total de 10 pontos possíveis. Após as atividades, notou-se maior conscientização dos docentes quanto ao seu papel no incentivo a bons hábitos alimentares, uma vez que, tradicionalmente, a formação dos educadores brasileiros não contemple essa dimensão. A intervenção aprimorou o conhecimento referente à alimentação e nutrição, além da percepção dos professores a respeito de sua importância em ações educativas que visam construir bons hábitos alimentares desde a infância.
A construção de uma horta vertical como estratégia de educação alimentar e nutricional para idosos: uma parceria entre Programa de Educação Tutorial em Nutrição e Programa de Educação Tutorial em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Authors: Da Silva Leticia Soares Bueno , De Novaes Juliana Farias , De Almeida Carolina , Teixeira Bruna Amorim , De Morais Jéssica Rodrigues , Ribeiro Naycelle Aparecida Gomes
Published: March 2021

O consumo aumentado de frutas e hortaliças contribui para a redução do risco de Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT), especialmente pela maior oferta de vitaminas, minerais, antioxidantes e fibras alimentares, advindos desses tipos de alimentos. Nesse sentido, a avaliação do consumo pelos idosos é fundamental uma vez que representam um grupo vulnerável às DCNT. Como alternativa para aumentar o consumo de hortaliças, pode-se implantar hortas verticais, que além de proporcionar alimentos orgânicos e diversificados, permitem a reciclagem de materiais, aproveitamento de espaço e são de baixo custo e de fácil acesso, auxiliando na promoção de uma melhor qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi incentivar o maior consumo de hortaliças por idosos do Programa Municipal da Terceira Idade (PMTI) de Viçosa-MG, através da construção de uma horta vertical. Foi desenvolvida uma oficina por integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial em Nutrição (PET-NUT) em parceria com o Programa de Educação Tutorial em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental (PET-EAA) da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Minas Gerais (MG), com intuito de capacitar os idosos do PMTI a construir uma horta vertical com garrafas pets. Os participantes foram idosos com 60 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos. Os membros do PET-EAA demonstraram como deve ser o preparo da terra, o corte da garrafa pet e como plantar as mudas. As hortaliças utilizadas foram couve, alface, agrião, cebolinha, salsinha e almeirão. O PET-NUT abordou os benefícios do consumo destas hortaliças para a saúde. Ao final da oficina, foram distribuídas mudas de hortaliças para que cada participante reproduzisse a atividade em sua residência. Durante a atividade, os idosos foram participativos com perguntas e sugestões, demonstrando interesse em construir a própria horta. Alguns afirmaram já possuir uma horta vertical, já que moravam em apartamento e não tinham espaço para uma horta tradicional, e puderam aprimorar os conhecimentos por meio desta oficina. Conclui-se que a construção da horta vertical foi uma boa estratégia de educação alimentar e nutricional, sendo uma forma dinâmica de estimular o consumo diário de hortaliças.
Importância do consumo de café da manhã para ingestão de vitamina D em crianças de Viçosa-Minas Gerais
Authors: Milagres Luana Cupertino , Rocha Naruna Pereira , Castro Ana Paula Pereira , Filgueiras Mariana de Santis , De Albuquerque Fernanda Martins , De Novaes Juliana Farias
Published: March 2021

O café da manhã é uma refeição importante e está associada a ingestão de nutrientes importantes para o crescimento. No entanto, poucos estudos examinaram a contribuição de consumo de café da manhã para a ingestão de vitamina D. Avaliar a relação entre o hábito de realizar o café da manhã e o consumo de vitamina D. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 268 crianças de 8 e 9 anos matriculadas em todas as escolas públicas urbanas de Viçosa, MG. Foram avaliadas características socioeconômicas e demográficas. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por 3 recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas, obtidos em dias não consecutivos, sendo uma das avaliações referente ao fim de semana. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS versão 20, e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Dois grupos foram comparados quanto ao hábito de realizar o café da manhã. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Houve uma prevalência de 50% do sexo feminino. A média da concentração sérica e da ingestão de vitamina D nas crianças foi 29,5 ng/mL e 1,66 μg/dia, respectivamente. Nenhuma criança atingiu a recomendação de ingestão de vitamina D e 22% não apresentaram o hábito de realizar o café da manhã todos os dias. O não consumo de café da manhã não diferiu entre as idades (p=0,648) e os sexos (p=0,302). As crianças que não realizaram o café da manhã todos os dias apresentaram menor ingestão de vitamina D e menor prevalência de ingestão maior que a mediana, além de maior renda per capita (p<0,05). A vitamina D sérica não diferiu entre os grupos. A ingestão de vitamina D foi positivamente correlacionada com o número médio de refeições por dia (r=0,209, p=0,001). Os resultados do presente estudo apoiam a hipótese de que o consumo de café da manhã em crianças estaria associada a uma maior ingestão de vitamina D, embora não tenha apresentado associação com a concentração sérica de 25(OH)D. Um fato preocupante foi que nenhuma criança atingiu a recomendação de ingestão de vitamina D sendo importante a implementação de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional para incentivar o hábito do consumo do café da manhã, principalmente em crianças de famílias com maior poder aquisitivo.
Perfil, qualidade de vida e uso de medicamentos em pacientes renais crônicos submetidos à hemodiálise
Authors: Dutra-Costa Emanuele Gama , Uliana Daniela Bissoli , Souza Pâmela Schettino , Cassiano Valéria Oliveira , Santiago-Silva Juliana
Published: March 2021

Atualmente vem aumentando o número de pessoas que são diagnosticadas com Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) e que são submetidas à hemodiálise. Sabe-se que a qualidade de vida dessas pessoas vem a influenciar na ocorrência dessa doença, visto que, cada vez mais, hábitos de vida menos saudáveis vem contribuindo para isso. Avaliar o perfil, a qualidade de vida, e o uso de medicamentos em pacientes renais crônicos submetidos a tratamento em uma clínica de hemodiálise localizada na região da zona da Mata Mineira e a atuação do farmacêutico neste contexto. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 73 pacientes que aceitaram participar voluntariamente da pesquisa, assinando o Termo de Consentimento Livre Esclarecido (TCLE). Como instrumento foi utilizado um questionário com a finalidade de caracterizar e analisar os pacientes quanto à idade, sexo, estado civil, escolaridade, tempo de tratamento de hemodiálise, atividades comprometidas pelo tratamento, uso de medicamentos, entre outros. Entre os pacientes com DRC investigados, houve a prevalência de indivíduos adultos, casados, com baixa escolaridade e aposentados. Entretanto, não foi encontrada diferença significante entre o sexo. A maioria faz hemodiálise há mais de cinco anos e relata interferências do tratamento na vida profissional e pessoal. Verificou-se neste estudo que a maioria dos pacientes participantes da pesquisa realiza a politerapia e por vezes descontinua o tratamento por conta própria.  Medidas de acompanhamento multidisciplinares juntamente aos pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise são necessárias, auxiliando na adesão ao tratamento e melhoria da condição de vida destes.
A Note on the Population Statistics of Electron Avalanches and Streamers
Authors: Ficker T.
Published: March 2021

Ultraviolet tests focused on population statistics of electron avalanches were not included in our earlier work [1], [2]. Now they have been performed, and it is shown that a recently derived statistical pattern fits all the measured data very well.
Adaptation of an Evolutionary Algorithm in Modeling Electric Circuits
Authors: Hájek J.
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the influence of setting control parameters of a differential evolutionary algorithm (DE) and the influence of adapting these parameters on the simulation of electric circuits and their components. Various DE algorithm strategies are investigated, and also the influence of adapting the controlling parameters (Cr, F) during simulation and the effect of sample size. Optimizing an equivalent circuit diagram is chosen as a test task. Several strategies and settings of a DE algorithm are evaluated according to their convergence to the right solution.
Allocation and Location of Transport Logistics Centres
Authors: Mocková D.
Published: March 2021

The facility allocation problem sets out to determine the optimal number of facilities to be opened. Based on multiple criteria evaluation, the optimal location of the facilities is usually solved subsequently. Several considerations, e.g. technical parameters, costs and finance must be taken into account. Economic analysis is carried out on the basis of the specific instance of the problem.Let us assume that the number of potentially located facilities is known. Then the problem of the optimal location of a given number of facilities in a network is referred to as the facility location problem. The solution to the problem is a set of facilities optimally located in an area such that this area is fully covered by the required services that the facilities provide. An example of a real-life problem of this type is the location of logistics centers.
Statistical Distributions of Electron Avalanches and Streamers
Authors: Ficker T.
Published: March 2021

A new theoretical concept of fractal multiplication of electron avalanches has resulted in forming a generalized distribution function whose multiparameter character has been subjected to detailed discussion.
Measurement of Heat Transfer Coefficients in an Agitated Vessel with Tube Baffles
Authors: Dostál M. , Petera K. , Rieger F.
Published: March 2021

Cooling or heating an agitated liquid is a very common operation in many industrial processes. A classic approach is to transfer the necessary heat through the vessel jacket. Another option, frequently used in the chemical and biochemical industries is to use the heat transfer area of vertical tube baffles. In large equipment, e.g. fermentor, the jacket surface is often not sufficient for large heat transfer requirements and tube baffles can help in such cases. It is then important to know the values of the heat transfer coefficients between the baffles and the agitated liquid. This paper presents the results of heat transfer measurements using the transient method when the agitated liquid is periodically heated and cooled by hot and cold water running through tube baffles. Solving the unsteady enthalpy balance, it is possible to determine the heat transfer coefficient. Our results are summarized by the Nusselt number correlations, which describe the dependency on the Reynolds number, and they are compared with other measurements obtained by a steady-state method.
Coherent State Quantization and Moment Problem
Authors: Gazeau J. P. , Baldiotti M. C. , Gitman D. M.
Published: March 2021

Berezin-Klauder-Toeplitz (“anti-Wick”) or “coherent state” quantization of the complex plane, viewed as the phase space of a particle moving on the line, is derived from the resolution of the unity provided by the standard (or gaussian) coherent states. The construction of these states and their attractive properties are essentially based on the energy spectrum of the harmonic oscillator, that is on natural numbers. We follow in this work the same path by considering sequences of non-negative numbers and their associated “non-linear” coherent states. We illustrate our approach with the 2-d motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field. By solving the involved Stieltjes moment problem we construct a family of coherent states for this model. We then proceed with the corresponding coherent state quantization and we show that this procedure takes into account the circle topology of the classical motion.
Time-Dependent and/or Nonlocal Representations of Hilbert Spaces in Quantum Theory
Authors: Znojil M.
Published: March 2021

A few recent innovations of the applicability of standard textbook Quantum Theory are reviewed. The three-Hilbert-space formulation of the theory (known from the interacting boson models in nuclear physics) is discussed in its slightly broadened four-Hilbert-space update. Among applications involving several new scattering and bound-state problems the central role is played by models using apparently non-Hermitian (often called “crypto-Hermitian”) Hamiltonians with real spectra. The formalism (originally inspired by the topical need for a mathematically consistent description of tobogganic quantum models) is shown to admit even certain unusual nonlocal and/or “moving-frame” representations H(S) of the standard physical Hilbert space of wave functions.
On Global and Nonlinear Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Doebner H.-D.
Published: March 2021

(3) and furthermore nonlinear Schroedinger equations with given potentials which were also derived in another context in [1, 2].
Prague’s Sewerage System in the 1930’ and the General Sewerage Project (1933–1936)
Authors: Drnek K.
Published: March 2021

Prague’s sewerage system was built at the end of the era of the monarchy in the united town that Prague was transformed into. The system was soon overloaded, and was not able to remove all the sewage produced by the citizens.To deal with this hygienic threat, the city council and the management of the wastewater services undertook several actions to build a new system or improve the existing system. The most ambitious and extensive measure was the general project carried out between 1933 and 1936.The project was invented to resolve the problem once and for all by introducing new ideas and cut out the problem of placing a new sewage plant instead of the old one. For the present-day observer it also offers a range of spectacular and interesting ideas on urban wastewater treatment.
Capillary Discharge Parameter Assessment for X-ray Laser Pumping
Authors: Hübner J.
Published: March 2021

This paper assigns optimum capillary discharge characteristics with respect to reaching the maximum emission gain on wavelength l = 18.2 nm and corresponding to Balmer α transition H-like carbon. The computer modelling of the capillary discharge evolution is carried out using the NPINCH programme, using a one-dimensional physical model based on MHD equations. The information about the capillary discharge evolution is processed in FLY, FLYPAPER, FLYSPEC programmes, enabling the population to be modelled on specific levels during capillary discharge.
Option Derivatives in Electricity Hedging
Authors: Pavlátka P.
Published: March 2021

Despite the high volatility of electricity prices, there is still little demand for electricity power options, and the liquidity on the power exchanges of these power derivatives is quite low. One of the reasons is the uncertainty about how to evaluate these electricity options and about finding the right fair value of this product. Hedging of electricity is associated mainly with products such as futures and forwards. However, due to new trends in electricity trading and hedging, it is also useful to think more about options and the principles for working with them in hedging various portfolio positions and counterparties. We can quite often encounter a situation when we need to have a perfect hedge for our customer’s (end user consuming electricity) portfolio, or we have to evaluate the volumetric risk (inability of a customer to predict consumption, which is very similar to selling options. Now comes the moment to compare the effects of using options or futures to hedge these open positions. From a practical viewpoint, the Black-Scholes prices appear to be the best available and the simplest method for evaluating option premiums, but there are some limitations that we have to consider.