bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A morte de Tancredo Neves pela TV: algumas reflexões sobre rituais, memória e identidade nacional
Authors: Marcelino Douglas Attila
Published: November 2016

Este artigo divide-se em três partes. Na primeira, abordamos questões relacionadas à ritualização do poder e às projeções de uma memória política nacional na história recente, refletindo sobre a constituição de um campo de estudos que ainda não se consolidou na historiografia. Na segunda, analisamos a morte de Tancredo Neves como um momento ímpar para a análise da constituição de uma concepção de identidade nacional. O instrumento escolhido para reflexão foi um programa de televisão exibido no dia do falecimento do presidente eleito. Por fim, apresentaremos algumas questões teóricas importantes, inclusive para um futuro aprofundamento da pesquisa.
Uma casa e seus segredos: a formação de olhares sobre o Museu Mariano Procópio
Authors: Costa Carina Martins
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho reflete sobre as possibilidades e desafios da educação histórica em museus, especificamente em relação ao Museu Mariano Procópio (Juiz de Fora- MG), cujo acervo e cenário contribuíram para a elaboração de um material pedagógico destinado ao público infantil, realizado a partir dos diálogos entre as áreas da História, da educação e da museologia. Mapeamos, assim, as principais questões dos pesquisadores sobre educação em museus e apontamos pressupostos de educação histórica. Por fim, apresentamos o processo de produção do material pedagógico, composto pelo livreto sobre o museu, pelas pranchas pedagógicas sobre seu acervo e pelas fichas de consulta.
Cidadania e desenvolvimento local
Authors: Roedel Daniel
Published: November 2016

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Diálogo Interreligioso e Construção da Cidadania em um Mundo Globalizado: a contribuição do sincretismo religioso brasileiro
Authors: Pfeffer Renato Somberg
Published: November 2016

Uma ética planetária inspirada no diálogo deve admitir que nossa cultura é apenas uma entre outras e desistir de qualquer obsessão imperialista. Isto implica em assumirmos a democracia como única alternativa possível para a humanidade. O sucesso de um projeto democrático depende da capacidade humana de encontrar referentes éticos mínimos. Isso torna urgente o reconhecimento universal que o diálogo entre as diversas tradições culturais deve receber. O diálogo interreligioso, em especial, é fundamental neste processo. Esse artigo defende a ideia que o sincretismo religioso brasileiro tem muito a aportar para concretização desta utopia.
A poética das casas museus dos heróis populares
Authors: Chagas Mario
Published: November 2016

Trabalhando com a categoria "casa museu", a partir da noção de uma poética do espaço, deBachelard, o artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as experiências de museus construídos em torno de figuras de heróis populares como Chico Mendes, MestreVitalinoe Cora Coralina.
As origens de Itabuna: o mito e a história
Authors: Silva Ayalla Oliveira
Published: November 2016

Os estudos da história da região do sul da Bahia por muito tempoestiveram atrelados quase totalmente a uma narrativa memorialista regional. Neste trabalho, pretendemos iniciar uma reflexão da historiografia tradicional no que toca o tema da fundação de Itabuna. O objetivo central é analisar a própria dinâmica da historiografia local, tendo como hipótese que a mesma se solidificou a partir de representações políticas, econômicas e sociais de uma parcela da elite local ao longo da segunda metade do século XX e que vem seperpetuando, sem qualquer esboço de contestação pelas produções acadêmicas da história local, de cunho tradicional. Assim, o que se propõe é repensar as narrativas sobre as origens de Itabuna, considerando a importância do aldeamento de São Pedro de Alcântara em Ferradas, como marco da colonização daquele território na segunda década do século XIX.
Antropologia dos Militares
Authors: Moreira João Paulo
Published: November 2016

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A experiência com restauração de filmes no Brasil
Authors: Buarque Marco Dreer
Published: November 2016

Este artigo pretende traçar parte da trajetória da restauração de filmes no Brasil, desde experiências pontuais, como o do filme Limite (1931), passando pelos trabalhos realizados nas cinematecas, e chegando até as mais recentes restaurações que se utilizam de ferramentas digitais. O texto destaca o contexto precário dessa trajetória da restauração de filmes no Brasil, que por sua vez ganha novo fôlego a partir dos anos 1990, sobretudo em trabalhos realizados com filmes do Cinema Novo.
A metamorfose de militantes negros em negros intelectuais
Authors: Santos Sales Augusto dos
Published: November 2016

O artigo sustenta o surgimento de nova categoria de intelectuais no Brasil, os negros intelectuais. Estes são os intelectuais de origem ou ascendência negra que sofreram ou sofrem influência direta ou indireta dos movimentos sociais negros, adquirindo ou incorporando destes uma ética da convicção antirracismo que, associada e em interação com o conhecimento acadêmico-científico adquirido dos programas de pós-graduação de universidades, produz nestes intelectuais um ethos acadêmico ativo que orienta as suas pesquisas, estudos, ações, bem como as suas atividades profissionais de professores universitários. São utilizadas algumas informações e/ou dados de pesquisas qualitativa e quantitativa realizadas com alguns diretores e ex-diretores da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores Negros para dar suporte aos argumentos.
Sociabilidades Operárias na Primeira Repúbica: o círculo de trabalhadores operários católicos São José e a construção do “divertimento lícito” em Fortaleza
Authors: Lima Ana Cristina Pereira
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo trata sobre a atuação do Círculo de Operários e Trabalhadores Católicos São José na divulgação de espaços de lazer organizados pela Igreja para a classe operária. Inserido na dinâmica do movimento operário na Primeira República, o Círculo São José disputava com outras associações de classe e com os espaços de diversão censurados pelo clero, o tempo livre dos trabalhadores. Festas, passeios, festivais de música e mesmo o cinema – não muito simpático aos olhos da Igreja – foram organizados para “educar” o lazer operário. Observando jornais, memórias e atas de reuniões, nota-se que isso não aconteceu sem conflitos ou tensões, mas implicou em permanente negociação e (re)adequaçãodos sujeitos envolvidos no projetocirculista.
Canção Popular Brasileira e Ensino de História: palavras, sons e tantos sentidos
Authors: Oliveira Samuel
Published: November 2016

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“Deus me livre! Vou rezar muito e pedir para não cair nesse Cantagalo”: negociações e conflitos em jogo no processo de implementação de políticas públicas em uma favela da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Cunha Juliana Blasi
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever e analisar as divergentes lógicas que orientam o PAC e os moradores em relação à forma como concebem o espaço do chamado “Complexo Pavão-Pavãozinho-Cantagalo”. A partir do método etnográfico, o trabalho evidencia que o PAC foi elaborado e atua nesse espaço concebendo-o como um todo coeso, integrado e uniforme; ao passo que, o que está em jogo, para os moradores, é a contiguidade de duas favelas distintas e historicamente marcadas por uma série de disputas e rivalidades entre seus moradores, que se reflete em sua organização sócio espacial.
Movimento dos “trabalhadores favelados” e o Morro do Querosene: uma análise do trabalho de narrativa de Vicente Gonçalves sobre as décadas de 1950 e 1960
Authors: Oliveira Samuel Silva Rodrigues de
Published: November 2016

O artigo aborda a luta contra a ameaça de remoção do Morro do Querosene nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. A partir da entrevista de Vicente Gonçalves, discute-se o discurso para reivindicar o direito de moradia no movimento social articulado em torno do Centro de Defesa Coletiva do Morro do Querosene e da Federação dos Trabalhadores Favelados de Belo Horizonte. A análise enfoca o trabalho de linguagem do entrevistado, cotejando-o com jornais, documentos apreendidos pela polícia política de Minas Gerais (DOPS-MG) e legislação da época.
Imaginários urbanos e a região portuária do Rio de Janeiro – um olhar sobre os processos anteriores à reforma de 2010
Authors: Barros Maria Teresa Guilhon
Published: November 2016

No decorrer do último quarto de século, diferentes olhares se voltaram para a zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro, cada qual valorizando um aspecto distinto e transformando os projetos na região num mosaico de influências para a grande reforma atual. A aposta na reconstrução total desse território, trouxe como consequência um dos maiores movimentos de preservação e valorização histórica que se viu em cidades brasileiras nas últimas décadas, com a recuperação de sítios históricos, palacetes e sobrados, além de calçamentos originais e até objetos e ossadas de valor arqueológico. Além disso, o foco da mídia na região também fez com que moradores e frequentadores locais reavaliassem sua relação com o espaço, tornando cada vez mais comum a organização de atividades ligadas à cultura e acelerando o processo de valorização da autoestima local e inclusão da região no mapa cultural da cidade.
Arte Contemporânea e sua Conservação: revisitando Brandi e Viñas
Authors: Alchorne Geisa , Coelho de Sá Ivan
Published: November 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma cronologia dos debates teóricos sobre a conservação e a restauração com ênfase na teoria de Cesare Brandi e Salvador Muñoz Viñas.
Autonomia e dependência: duas visões historiográficas sobre o boom cafeeiro oitocentista no Sudeste e sobre o poder político em âmbito nacional dos cafeicultores
Authors: Gandra Daniel
Published: November 2016

O artigo visa a compreender as diferenças entre duas interpretações historiográficas sobre os motivos que levaram ao boom cafeeiro no século XIX no Vale do Paraíba. Uma interpretação foca-se sobre aspectos culturais enquanto outra sobre as relações capitalistas internas ao Brasil e globais. O artigo também estuda algumas interpretações historiográficas sobre o poder político em âmbito nacional dos cafeicultores, mostrando como as noções de dependência e autonomia iluminam tanto as interpretações aqui estudadas sobre a economia cafeeira quanto sobre o poder político dos cafeicultores.
EvolQG - An R package for evolutionary quantitative genetics
Authors: Melo Diogo , Garcia Guilherme , Hubbe Alex , Assis Ana Paula , Marroig Gabriel
Published: November 2016

We present an open source package for performing evolutionary quantitative genetics analyses in the R environment for statistical computing. Evolutionary theory shows that evolution depends critically on the available variation in a given population. When dealing with many quantitative traits this variation is expressed in the form of a covariance matrix, particularly the additive genetic covariance matrix or sometimes the phenotypic matrix, when the genetic matrix is unavailable and there is evidence the phenotypic matrix is sufficiently similar to the genetic matrix. Given this mathematical representation of available variation, the \textbf{EvolQG} package provides functions for calculation of relevant evolutionary statistics; estimation of sampling error; corrections for this error; matrix comparison via correlations, distances and matrix decomposition; analysis of modularity patterns; and functions for testing evolutionary hypotheses on taxa diversification.
Formal and Informal Control as Complement or Substitute? The Role of the Task Environment
Authors: Kreutzer Markus , Cardinal Laura B. , Walter Jorge , Lechner Christoph
Published: November 2016

The traditional view of control in organizations largely implies an “either-or” substitution logic, as opposed to the complementarity logic implied in the more recent view of control. This study examines whether formal and informal controls complement or substitute each other in their influence on performance outcomes, and whether such an interaction differs for more or less exploratory tasks. Our findings from an analysis of 184 strategic initiative teams in a cross-industry multicountry sample of firms support the complementary view. More specifically, we find support for our hypotheses that the combined use of formal and informal control has a positive impact on the performance of initiative teams, and that this complementary effect is more pronounced when the degree of exploration is lower. Accordingly, our study contributes to the organizational control literature both theoretically—by providing an explicit theoretical rationale for the complementary view—and empirically—by virtue of providing an empirical test of the interactive effects of formal and informal control.
CO-DETERMINATION POLITICS ON COMMERCIAL COMPANIES IN ALBANIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Aliu Blerta
Published: November 2016

This paper focuses on understanding the role that stakeholders, especially, employees have in a company and corporate governance implications. Currently, human capital, embodied to employees, has become very fast the most important source of corporate value. This study makes an overview of the current situation in Albania, analyzing legal provisions and relevant international literature on this issue. The trends of the result for decision-making in the Albanian companies show a low level of participation of stakeholders, particularly employees. This study is based on a comparison between American common law system, supporters of the shareholders and the German civil law system, supportive of stakeholders. Here, is apparently stated the need to embrace the second system. Recent developments of American companies and the financial crisis are reasons which brought us to this conclusion. The German practice also, shows clearly that corporate social responsibility is the key to success, if it adapts to different historical, legal and cultural contexts.
ACADEMIC MOBILITY AS THE SOURCE OF SCIENTIFIC-EDUCATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: Asanova Gulnar , Ryssaldy Kussaiyn
Published: November 2016

The given article states out the essence of international exchange programs, benefits and drawbacks, solutions to be taken to make the exchange programs more effective and acceptable for everybody on the experiences of Kazakh Ablai khan University of International Relations and World Languages’ students, academic staff. There were 55 participants who took part in questionnaire, 20 students on the specialties of bachelor’s degree, 10 former students who gained master’s degree in other countries, 10 PhD doctoral degree students, and 15 academic stuff members. In the form of questionnaire, we collected and analyzed the participants’ answers to clarify the importance of the academic mobility and suggested the ways to improve the international programs. The study results showed that there are many pros of the international exchange programs than cons; otherwise there are things to be ameliorated. We concluded that the role of the international exchange programs is great, they do not only satisfy the needs of one country or nation, but the other needs. It is a two-way and complex process in scientific-educational system.
CHEMISTRY AND ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITY OF 5-BROMOURACILE’S DERIVATIVES
Authors: Welchinskaya Elena
Published: November 2016

Problemofthetreatmentof man’scancerandsearchoftheeffective, withalittletoxicityantitumourmedicalproducts,isonefromtheimportant taskatthecontemporaneous medicine and pharmaceutical chemistry. Chemicalmodificationofmolecularof5-bromouracilewithnextinvestigationoftoxicity and antitumour activityofits newderivativeswhichsynthesized is described. Physical-chemical, statistical pharmacological, toxicological methods were used. A strongly antitumour effect has been discovered for bis-derivative of 5-bromouracile for the first time. A new convenient methods for the preparation of new mono- and bis-derivatives of 5-bromouracile with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane (ftorotan) and 1,1-diethylcarboxy-2-chloro-2-trifluoromethylethylene is described. The reactions are catalyzed by the DB-18-crown-6-complex. It was tested on the heterotransplantates of man’s glioma cancer of brain (by Bogden’s under capsule-method). It is permits to consider the new bis-derivative of 5-bromouracile as physiological active with a perspective investigation as potential antitumour drugs for treatment of man in future.
Yearling sales radiography – the full picture?
Authors: Watson Rebecca
Published: November 2016

Rebecca Watson, Msc RVN examines the facts
Choke: Just a greedy horse?
Authors: Berryman Nicola
Published: November 2016

Redwings Welfare Veterinary Surgeon Nicola Berryman BSc (Hons) BVetMed MRCVS discusses the risk factors for oesophageal obstruction
Creating a positive climate for learning
Authors: Cruddas Leora
Published: November 2016

What approach does your school take to inclusion and supporting all children to achieve? Leora Cruddas looks at some key tenets to help you reflect on your current provision
When an inspector calls…
Authors: Whittle Nigel
Published: November 2016

Headteacher Nigel Whittle has extensive, first-hand experience of making sure Ofsted inspections go well and understands how you can get your key messages across to inspectors. He offers five practical tips to help you with your inspection
Condições climáticas em Juazeiro do Norte – CE: A Formação de Ilha de Calor
Authors: Franca Guilherme Lemos
Published: November 2016

A expansão urbana gera novas condições geográficas e climáticas, pois reduz a evaporação e a dispersão de poluentes, e, aquece o ar, formando Ilhas Urbanas de Calor. O município de Juazeiro do Norte – CE possui intensa atividade urbana e industrial favorecendo o desenvolvimento do fenômeno. O estudo buscou identificar o desenvolvimento de Ilhas de Calor Urbanas, suas causas e consequências na cidade. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso, com abordagem, observacional, descritiva, para registrar, analisar e relacionar os eventos ou fenômenos. Os dados foram coletados em outubro de 2013 e analisados segundo os perfis térmicos, estrutura, ocupação e atividade urbana, para compor o perfil climático. Os resultados iniciais demonstraram diferenças de temperatura significativas das zonas urbanas, pelas alterações do espaço e do solo, aumento populacional e do fluxo de veículos na zona urbana. Estudos sobre clima urbano devem considerar as características do solo, ocupação, vegetação, recursos hídricos e meios de transportes. Um planejamento urbano ineficaz origina uma problemática ambiental, ocasionando o aparecimento de processos erosivos, desequilíbrio socioambiental e aumento da poluição.
Zwischen Flamenco und Charleston
Authors: Links Frank Reza
Published: November 2016

Flamenco und Chotis, Foxtrott und Charleston - vier Tanzstile, die nahezu paradigmatisch für das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Tradition und Avantgarde im Spanien der Moderne sind. Zahlreiche Schriftsteller (wie Federico García Lorca und Alberto Insúa), Filmemacher (etwa Benito Perojo und Arturo Carballo) sowie Maler (darunter Vicente Escudero) greifen den Tanz als Thema auf, um ihn in ihrem jeweiligen Medium zu verhandeln. Bestimmte Kategorien wie der Rhythmus - aber auch Gender- und interkulturelle Probleme - kehren dabei immer wieder. Frank Reza Links geht den Formen und Funktionen dieser Aspekte in der Darstellung des Tanzes in den unterschiedlichen medialen Ausdrucksformen nach.
A Framework for Efficient Routing in MANET using Index Routing Tables-based Algorithms
Authors: Swathi Gundala , Saravanan R.
Published: November 2016

Conventional network routing protocols rely on predefined numerical network unique node ID or group identifier for packet delivery, independent of semantic applications. This compels incorporation of resource/service discovery approaches in the design itself, at higher layers of network, causing additional overhead. This overhead, though tolerable in high speed wired networks, significantly restricts the performance in the infrastructure-less wireless ad hoc networks expending their limited battery resources, which are already consumed due to assigning unique identifiers to the naturally anonymous and high mobile nodes. This study proposes a single routing approach which facilitates descriptive and semantically-rich identification of network’s resources/services. This fusion of the discovery processes of the resources and the path based on their similarity in a single phase significantly reduces traffic load and latency of communication considering the generality too. Further, a framework capable of exploiting application-specific semantics of messages, adaptable to diverse traffic patterns is proposed. Analytical results amply illustrate the scalability and efficacy of the proposed method.
Enhancing Graduate Students’ Reflection in E-portfolios Using the TPACK Framework
Authors: Ching Yu-Hui , Yang Dazhi , Baek YoungKyun , Baldwin Sally
Published: November 2016

When electronic portfolios (e-portfolios) are employed as summative assessments for degree granting programs, it is imperative that students demonstrate their knowledge in the field to showcase learning growth and achievement of the program learning outcomes. This study examined the extent graduate students in the field of educational technology demonstrated their technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK) related elements in their e-portfolio reflection, when they were guided by the TPACK framework grounded instruction. Using content analysis technique and open-ended survey responses, the findings showed that students were able to demonstrate their interconnected technological pedagogical knowledge in their reflection to justify their competencies. In addition, students had positive reactions to the opportunity to reflect through writing the reflection paper. This study contributes to the e-portfolio literature by signifying the importance of providing a discipline-specific framework to guide students’ reflection of learning. The TPACK grounded instruction helped students stay focused on their reflection. This study also contributes to the teacher education and the TPACK literature by exploring the extent to which students present their integrated knowledge of TPACK at the end of a program driven to developing students’ technology integration expertise.
Postnatal regulation of MAMDC4 in the porcine intestinal epithelium is influenced by bacterial colonization
Authors: Pasternak Alex J. , Hamonic Glenn M. , Van Kessel Andrew , Wilson Heather L.
Published: November 2016

The MAM domain‐containing 4 (MAMDC4) protein is associated with the unique endocytotic mechanism observed in the intestine of mammals during the immediate postnatal period. Transcriptional expression of MAMDC4 was substantially upregulated at birth in both the piglet jejunum and ileum and its expression decreases after birth. The protein was found localized specifically to the apical region of the luminal epithelium, however, MAMDC4 protein expression was lost at day 10 and 15 in the jejunum and ileum, respectively, and was not associated with “fetal” enterocyte replacement. Although spatial variation in the subcellular localization of Claudin 1 (CLDN1) was noted at day 3, the loss of MAMDC4 at later stages of development did not appear to have any effect on the tight junction structure. Germ‐free (GF) piglets and piglets whose gastrointestinal flora consists exclusively of Escherichia coli (EC) or Lactobacillus fermentum (LF) maintained MAMDC4 protein expression to 14 days of age in distal regions of the small intestine whereas those with conventionalized intestinal flora (CV) showed no MAMDC4 protein at this age. MAMDC4 protein expression was most pronounced in the LF and GF colonized piglets which showed staining in the epithelial cells at 75% and 95% of the length of the small intestine, respectively, which matched that of the newborn. In contrast, EC animals showed only a low abundance at these regions as well as a discontinuous staining pattern. Collectively these results suggest that maturation of MAMDC4 expression in the porcine epithelium occurs more rapidly than what is reported in previously studied rodent species. Furthermore, intestinal bacterial colonization is a major regulator of MAMDC4 in a manner specific to bacterial species and independent of enterocyte turnover.
Influences of Resistance Training on Physical Function in Older, Obese Men and Women With Sarcopenia
Authors: Stoever Katja , Heber Anke , Eichberg Sabine , Brixius Klara
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose:

Sarcopenic obesity is associated with disability, gait problems, and falls. Activities of daily living such as walking and climbing stairs are physically difficult or impossible for the individual with severe obesity. These aspects also limit participation in recreational activities or exercise programs. However, good muscle function is crucial to maintain functional independence. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of resistance training on physical function in older, obese persons with sarcopenia. The study was conducted in a pre-test/post-test design with 2 intervention groups.

Methods:

The participants were physically inactive and obese older adults (≥65 years, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), without severe diseases. They were divided into a group with sarcopenia (SAR, n = 28) and a group with no or presarcopenia (NSAR, n = 20). The intervention consisted of progressive resistance training, undertaken twice a week for 16 weeks, increasing to 80% to 85% of maximum strength with 3 sets of 8 to 12 repetitions. Sarcopenia was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), hand-grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). In addition, the modified Physical Performance Test (PPT) and the Functional Reach Test were used for determining physical function.

Results and Discussion:

After training, participants in the SAR group were able to significantly increase their performance in hand-grip strength (by 9%), gait speed (by 5%), SPPB score (by 13%), and modified PPT score (by 11%). In SPPB and modified PPT, they could reach the values of the NSAR group's baseline performance. The NSAR group participants were also able to improve their already good performance at baseline in the 2 tests of physical function after training (SPPB score by 10%, modified PPT score by 7%). However, the participants of both groups could not increase the results of the SMI and the Functional Reach Test.

Conclusions:

The participants of both groups improved their physical performance in several parameters after training. The results also showed that older, obese adults with sarcopenia benefitted from resistance training. The increase in muscle function can support them having a life with functional independence, and this can help reduce the risk of disability and falls.
Effect of Footwear on Joint Pain and Function in Older Adults With Lower Extremity Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wagner Amy , Luna Sarah
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose:

Lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition among older adults; given the risks of surgical and pharmaceutical interventions, conservative, lower-cost management options such as footwear warrant further investigation. This systematic review investigated the effects of footwear, including shoe inserts, in reducing lower extremity joint pain and improving gait, mobility, and quality of life in older adults with OA.

Methods:

The CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, RECAL, and Web of Knowledge databases were searched for publications from January 1990 to September 2014, using the terms “footwear,” “shoes,” “gait,” “pain,” and “older adult.” Participants who were 50 years or older and those who had OA in at least one lower extremity joint narrowed the results. Outcomes of interest included measures of pain, comfort, function, gait, or quality of life. Exclusion criteria applied to participants with rheumatoid arthritis, amputation, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, use of modified footwear or custom orthotics, purely biomechanical studies, and outcomes of balance or falls only. Single-case studies, qualitative narrative descriptions, and expert opinions were also excluded.

Results:

The initial search resulted in a total of 417 citations. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria. Two randomized controlled trials and 3 quasiexperimental studies reported lateral wedge insoles may have at least some pain-relieving effects and improved functional mobility in older adults at 4 weeks to 2 years' follow-up, particularly when used with subtalar and ankle strapping. Three randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes reported that lateral wedges provided no knee pain relief compared with flat insoles. Hardness of shoe soles did not significantly affect joint comfort in the foot in a quasiexperimental study. A quasiexperimental designed study investigating shock-absorbing insoles showed reduction in knee joint pain with 1 month of wear. Finally, a cross-sectional prognostic study indicated poor footwear at early ages exhibits an association with hindfoot pain later in life.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Because of the limited number of randomized control trials, it is not possible to make a definitive conclusion about the long-term effects of footwear on lower extremity joint pain caused by OA. There is mounting evidence that shock-absorbing insoles, subtalar strapping, and avoidance of high heels and sandals early in life may prevent lower extremity joint pain in older adults, but no conclusive evidence exists to show that lateral wedge insoles will provide long-term relief from knee joint pain and improved mobility in older adults with OA. More high-quality randomized control trials are needed to study the effectiveness of footwear and shoe inserts on joint pain and function in older adults with OA.
Validity and Relative Ability of 4 Balance Tests to Identify Fall Status of Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marques Alda , Silva Alexandre , Oliveira Ana , Cruz Joana , Machado Ana , Jácome Cristina
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose:

The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), the Mini-BESTest, and the Brief-BESTest are useful tests to assess balance; however, their clinimetric properties have not been studied well in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study compared the validity and relative ability of the BBS, BESTest, Mini-BESTest, and Brief-BESTest to identify fall status in older adults with T2D.

Methods:

This study involved a cross-sectional design. Sixty-six older adults with T2D (75 ± 7.6 years) were included and asked to report the number of falls during the previous 12 months and to complete the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. The BBS and the BESTest were administered, and the Mini-BESTest and Brief-BESTest scores were computed based on the BESTest performance. Receiver operating characteristics were used to assess the ability of each balance test to differentiate between participants with and without a history of falls.

Results:

The 4 balance tests were able to identify fall status (areas under the curve = 0.74-0.76), with similar sensitivity (60%-67%) and specificity (71%-76%).

Conclusions:

The 4 balance tests were able to differentiate between older adults with T2D with and without a history of falls. As the BBS and the BESTest require longer application time, the Brief-BESTest may be an appropriate choice to use in clinical practice to detect fall risk.
Mineralocorticoid regulation of cell function: the role of rapid signalling and gene transcription pathways
Authors: Ong Gregory S Y , Young Morag J
Published: November 2016

The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and mineralocorticoids regulate epithelial handling of electrolytes, and induces diverse effects on other tissues. Traditionally, the effects of MR were ascribed to ligand–receptor binding and activation of gene transcription. However, the MR also utilises a number of intracellular signalling cascades, often by transactivating unrelated receptors, to change cell function more rapidly. Although aldosterone is the physiological mineralocorticoid, it is not the sole ligand for MR. Tissue-selective and mineralocorticoid-specific effects are conferred through the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2, cellular redox status and properties of the MR itself. Furthermore, not all aldosterone effects are mediated via MR, with implication of the involvement of other membrane-bound receptors such as GPER. This review will describe the ligands, receptors and intracellular mechanisms available for mineralocorticoid hormone and receptor signalling and illustrate their complex interactions in physiology and disease.
Betamethasone-exposed preterm birth does not impair insulin action in adult sheep
Authors: De Matteo R , Hodgson D J , Bianco-Miotto T , Nguyen V , Owens J A , Harding R , Allison B J , Polglase G , Black M J , Gatford K L
Published: November 2016

Preterm birth is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We therefore investigated the effect of preterm birth at ~0.9 of term after antenatal maternal betamethasone on insulin sensitivity, secretion and key determinants in adulthood, in a clinically relevant animal model. Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion (intravenous glucose tolerance test) and whole-body insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp) were measured and tissue collected in young adult sheep (14 months old) after epostane-induced preterm (9M, 7F) or term delivery (11M, 6F). Glucose tolerance and disposition, insulin secretion, β-cell mass and insulin sensitivity did not differ between term and preterm sheep. HepaticPRKAG2expression was greater in preterm than in term males (P = 0.028), but did not differ between preterm and term females. In skeletal muscle,SLC2A4(P = 0.019),PRKAA2(P = 0.021) andPRKAG2(P = 0.049) expression was greater in preterm than in term overall and in males, whileINSR(P = 0.047) andAKT2(P = 0.043) expression was greater in preterm than in term males only. HepaticPRKAG2expression correlated positively with whole-body insulin sensitivity in males only. Thus, preterm birth at 0.9 of term after betamethasone does not impair insulin sensitivity or secretion in adult sheep, and has sex-specific effects on gene expression of the insulin signalling pathway. Hence, the increased risk of T2D in preterm humans may be due to factors that initiate preterm delivery or in early neonatal exposures, rather than preterm birthper se.
Developmental Wiring of Specific Neurons Is Regulated by RET-1/Nogo-A in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Torpe Nanna , Nørgaard Steffen , Høye Anette M , Pocock Roger
Published: November 2016

Nogo-A is a membrane-bound protein that functions to inhibit neuronal migration, adhesion, and neurite outgrowth during development. In the mature nervous system, Nogo-A stabilizes neuronal wiring to inhibit neuronal plasticity and regeneration after injury. Here, we show that RET-1, the sole Nogo-A homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans, is required to control developmental wiring of a specific subset of neurons. In ret-1 deletion mutant animals, specific ventral nerve cord axons are misguided where they fail to respect the ventral midline boundary. We found that ret-1 is expressed in multiple neurons during development, and, through mosaic analysis, showed that ret-1 controls axon guidance in a cell-autonomous manner. Finally, as in mammals, ret-1 regulates ephrin expression, and dysregulation of the ephrin ligand VAB-2 is partially responsible for the ret-1 mutant axonal defects. Together, our data present a previously unidentified function for RET-1 in the nervous system of C. elegans.
Recurrent Immune Thrombocytopenia After Influenza Vaccination: A Case Report
Authors: Hamiel Uri , Kventsel Iris , Youngster Ilan
Published: November 2016

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an isolated autoimmune condition, often preceded by a viral infection. Vaccines, mainly the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, have also been associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Although some case reports of ITP after influenza immunization in adults have been published, epidemiologic studies examining the role of the influenza vaccine as a trigger of ITP have not conclusively proven causality. We report a child with 3 occurrences of ITP, each within 1 week of receiving the influenza trivalent inactivated vaccine. He recovered fully in-between the episodes, and no further episodes have occurred since discontinuation of seasonal influenza vaccination. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first showing, with high probability, the influenza vaccine as a cause for ITP in a pediatric patient.
Indexación de argumentos no-sujeto promovidos por aplicativos en toba del este de Formosa (Argentina)
Authors: González Raúl Eduardo
Published: November 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar tres morfemas pronominales «-te», «-lo» y «-oʔ» que indexan, en el verbo, el número de p (argumento más parecido al paciente de cláusula transitiva) en construcciones con afijos aplicativos. Presentamos los rasgos semánticos que se indexan y avanzamos en la discusión sobre su estatus de índices pronominales a partir de su comparación con otros morfemas verbales que codifican las funciones sintácticas de argumentos sujeto en cláusulas sin aplicativos. En nuestro análisis, seguimos la propuesta de Haspelmath (2013), que incluye las formas personales dependientes y las denominadas marcas de concordancia dentro de un fenómeno amplio: la indexación. El análisis se basa en un corpus oral de carácter narrativo y de oraciones elicitadas con consultante de referencia. El corpus fue recolectado con hablantes que viven en distintas comunidades del Este de la provincia de Formosa (Argentina).
La lectura y escritura académicas y la vida política en el aula universitaria: hacia una literacidad ética
Authors: Santos Doris
Published: November 2016

La lectura y escritura académicas son un requerimiento hoy en la consecución de los fines misionales de las universidades, no solo porque aportan a los procesos de aprendizaje a su cargo, sino también porque juegan un papel fundamental en la consolidación de las prácticas sociales y culturales propias de las disciplinas y profesiones. Además de estas dimensiones epistémicas, sociales y culturales, es importante reflexionar sobre lo que la lectura y escritura académicas son en su dimensión ético–política. Con base en algunos recursos conceptuales de la teoría política de la intelectual alemana Hannah Arendt, se analiza en este artículo la manera como se construye la vida política en un tipo de curso de lectura y escritura académicas dirigido a estudiantes de primer semestre de una universidad colombiana. Los hallazgos que se presentan son la base experiencial para sugerir la necesidad de promover una «literacidad ética» en nuestras universidades, la cual reconozca, exalte, cree y fortalezca la red de relaciones entre la pluralidad de personas involucradas en los procesos de lectura y escritura académicas, al tiempo que promueva una reflexión sobre las relaciones y redes de relaciones que construimos a través de nuestras acciones y palabras cuando leemos y escribimos en la educación superior.
«La pobreza»: ficción en los medios, realidad en la comunidad
Authors: Oviedo Botero Silvia Constanza
Published: November 2016

Este trabajo propone analizar la representación de la pobreza como fenómeno social, desde la perspectiva de los medios de comunicación. Para este caso, se analizaron algunas notas de prensa del diario El Espectador, publicadas entre finales del 2013 y principios del 2014, en las que el término de pobreza evidenció diversos sentidos, que dan forma a políticas públicas o modos de vida que afectan a los sectores clasificados bajo este concepto. Se realizó una clasificación de estrategias discursivas existentes y se identificó cuáles habían sido utilizadas en las notas; luego, la información presentada mediante estas fue contrastada con la realidad social del país. Posteriormente, se revisaron estos conceptos a la luz de un marco teórico que aborda los temas de: pobreza, estrategias discursivas, representaciones lingüísticas, teorías de la comunicación y periódicos digitales. Una vez establecidas algunas referencias teóricas, se hizo posible relacionar las intencionalidades que posan detrás de las estrategias empleadas, lo cual permitió observar cómo la pobreza se convierte en un fenómeno social que se debate entre la ficción y la realidad.
The life of the line: A sketch by Paulo Mendes da Rocha for the Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Pisani Daniele
Published: November 2016

Resumen En oposición a la tendencia de considerar el dibujo arquitectónico como una simple fuente de información sobre el proyecto, o limitarse a contemplar su eventual belleza, este ensayo pretende analizar un boceto en su especificidad. Para hacer este tipo de experimento, el texto utiliza uno de los muchos bocetos realizados por Paulo Mendes da Rocha durante la preparación del proyecto para el Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de la Universidad de Sao Paulo (1974-1975). El objetivo no es aislar artificialmente un dibujo entre los muchos otros que le dan una autonomía que no le es propia, sino adoptar un nuevo punto de vista, a través del análisis de un diseño dentro del universo de diseño específico del arquitecto brasileño.Abstract Against the tendency to consider the drawing in architecture as a simple source of information about the project, or simply to contemplate its potential beauty, this essay aims to analyse one it in its specificity. To carry out this experiment, the text uses one of the many sketches made by Paulo Mendes da Rocha during the preparation of the project for the Museum of Contemporary Art from University of São Paulo (1974-1975). The aim is not to artificially isolate one drawing among the many, giving it an autonomy that it does not possess, but to adopt a new point of view on the universe of the Brazilian architect.
Gentrificación estratégica
Authors: Fiori Arantes Otilia Beatriz , Montes (Traductora) Ana Paula
Published: November 2016

Resumen Para la Revista de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Costa Rica es un honor presentar una traducción al español de este artículo que fue originalmente publicado en portugués en Berlim e Barcelona. Duas imagens estratégicas. São Paulo: Annablume, 1a edição, 2012, pp. 13-26 bajo el título “Gentrificação Estratégica”.Este ensayo aborda la discusión en torno al énfasis superlativo que asume la industria cultural en la incorporación de la ciudad a la transnacionalización productiva y financiera. Se argumenta que, desde el discurso de la cultura, se justifica la utilización de una jerga de civilidad, (doctrina punitiva), dentro del conjunto de prácticas de revalorización urbana y plani cación estratégica, (gentrificación - privatización) bajo la promesa de crecimiento, empleo y negocios y el objetivo de cristalizar aquella imagen mítica del rentable bienestar de la ultra modernidad. Para esto, los ejemplos arquetípicos (Barcelona, París, Lisboa, Bilbao, Boston, Manhattan y Baltimore) sirven para ilustrar la noción de ciudad comprendida como una máquina de crecimiento.AbstractFor the Journal of Architecture of the University of Costa Rica is an honor to present a Spanish translation of the article “Gentrificação Estratégica”, originally published in portuguese in Berlim e Barcelona. Duas imagens estratégicas. São Paulo: Annablume, 1a edição, 2012, pp.13-26.This essay discusses the superlative emphasis assumed by the cultural industry in incorporating the city into productive and financial transnationalization. It is argued that through the discourse on culture, the vocabulary of civility is justified and incorporated into the set of practices of urban regeneration and strategic planning (gentrification – privatization) under the promise of growing employment and businesses which crystallize the mythical image of profitable ultra modernity. In doing so, archetypal examples (Barcelona, Paris, Lisbon, Bilbao, Boston, Manhattan, Baltimore) serve to illustrate the notion of city understood as a growth machine.
Cerrando espacios, abriendo brechas. Urbanizaciones cerradas en San Rafael de Escazú, Costa Rica
Authors: Alvarado Alcázar Alejandro
Published: November 2016

Resumen El presente artículo estudia el fenómeno de las urbanizaciones cerradas en el distrito de San Rafael de Escazú, Costa Rica. La tesis central es que las urbanizaciones cerradas producen cambios en la urbanidad mediante la introducción de transformaciones socio-espaciales manifiestas en la materialidad de las urbanizaciones cerradas, las funciones de estas y el tipo de relaciones sociales que sus residentes mantienen entre sí y con su entorno cercano. El artículo cierra sugiriendo explorar la noción de “urbanidad privada” como una forma de entender la producción de espacio promovida desde los intereses privados expresados en la construcción de conjuntos inmobiliarios cerrados, de los cuales las urbanizaciones cerradas son una de sus manifestaciones más visibles. Los resultados presentados en este ensayo, son producto de la investigación titulada “Urbanizaciones cerradas en Costa Rica: transformaciones socio-espaciales en la urbanidad y segregación socio-residencial en el distrito de San Rafael de Escazú (1990-2012)”.Abstract This paper examines the phenomenon of gated communities in Costa Rica, specifically in the district of San Rafael, Escazú. The central thesis is that gated communities to changes in urbanity by introducing socio-spatial transformations evident in the materiality of gated communities, the functions of these communities and the type of social relations that its residents have with one another and with their immediate environment. The article suggests exploring the notion of “private urbanity” as a way to understand the production of space promoted by private interests and expressed in the construction of closed real estate developments, most visibly manifested by gated communities.. The results presented are the product of research entitled “Urbanizaciones cerradas en Costa Rica: transformaciones socio-espaciales en la urbanidad y segregación socio- residencial en el distrito de San Rafael de Escazú (1990-2012)”.