bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-physics Coupling Optimization for Fixing Cubic Fabry-Pétro Cavity Based on Data Learning
Authors: Zhao Hang , Meng Fanchao , Wang Zhongge , Yin Xiongfei , Meng Lingqiang , Jia Jianjun
Published: November 2023

Fabry-Pérto (FP) cavity is the essential component of ultra-stable laser (USL) for gravitational wave detection, which couples multi-physic (Optical/Thermal/Mechanics) fields and requires ultra-high precision. To satisfy the requirements of precise and efficient design, a multi-physic coupling optimization method for fixing cubic FP cavity based on data learning is proposed. A multi-physic model for the cubic FP cavity is established and the performance is obtained by finite element analysis. The key performance indices (V, wF, wF) and key design variables (d, l, F) are determined considering the features of the FP cavity. The 49 sets of data by orthogonal experiment are acquired for the establishment and comparison of different data learning models (NN, RSF, KRG). The result turns out that the neural network has the best performance. Based on NSGA-II, the Pareto optimal front is obtained and the optimal combination of design variables is finally determined as {5,32,250}. The performance after optimization has proven to be a great improvement, of which the displacement under the fixing force and vibration test are decreased by more than 60%. The optimization strategy can not only help the design of the FP cavity but also enlighten other optimization fields.
Fermentasi Kulit Singkong dengan MOL Tape Reject sebagai Upaya Pengolahan Limbah Pertanian dan Mengatasi Limbah Sentra Industri Tape di Bondowoso
Authors: Khasanah Himmatul , Yulianto Roni , Widodo Nur , Widianingrum Desy Cahya , Ubaidillah Rahmat
Published: November 2023

Pengembangan pakan berbahan dasar limbah industri dan limbah pertanian dapat digunakan sebagai strategi dalam mengatasi limbah dari pencemaran lingkungan dan menciptakan pakan inovatif. Bondowoso merupakan kota yang terkenal dengan produksi tape. Permasalahan dalam industri pembuatan tape adalah kulit singkong tidak dimanfaatkan dan tape reject yang tidak layak jual. Kulit singkong selama ini sering diberikan secara cuma-cuma pada karyawannya, namun terkadang juga tidak ada karyawan yang mau mengambil sehingga limbah menumpuk di gudang pabrik. Kulit singkong yang dimanfaatkan secara langsung sebagai pakan ternak menyumbang nilai nutrisi yang rendah dan sering menyebabkan masalah kesehatan ternak karena kandungan sianida pada limbah ini. Penerapan teknologi fermentasi pada pengolahan kulit singkong sangat tepat dalam memecahkan masalah mitra. Penggunaan tape reject sebagai bahan dasar MOL pada fermentasi yang akan dilakukan merupakan win-win solution yang diunggulkan pada kegiatan ini. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memanfaatkan tape reject sebagai bahan dasar MOL dan mengubah kandungan nutrisi kulit singkong yang rendah dengan proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan pakan inovatif. Program pengabdian dilakukan dalam 4 tahapan kegiatan yaitu sosialisasi kegiatan, pelatihan pembuatan MOL dengan bahan tape reject, praktek pembuatan fermentasi kulit singkong, serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi mitra dan masyarakat sekeliling industri, menciptakan lingkungan bersih dan sehat, serta menghasilkan pakan inovatif, aman, dan berkualitas bagi ternak. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berjalan dengan lancer meliputi: sosialisasi dan koordinasi awal kegiatan dengan pemilik Tape 57, pelatihan dan demonstrasi pembuatan MOL dan pelatihan dan demonstrasi pembuatan pakan
Congratulations ! JACIII Best Paper and Young Researcher Awards 2023
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2023

We are pleased to announce that the JACIII Awards of 2023 have been decided by the JACIII editorial boards. This year, the award winning papers were severely and fairly selected among 296 papers published in JACIII Vols.24 (2020) to 26 (2022) and there was no entries that deserved the Best Review Paper award. The award ceremony was held online.
JACIII Distinguished Editor & Outstanding Reviewer Awards 2023
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2023

The JACIII Distinguished Editor and Outstanding Reviewer Awards were established for the purpose to honor editors who have made a significant contribution to the growth of the JACIII in 2018 and to acknowledge reviewers who have made a significant contribution to reviewing in 2022. We express our deepest gratitude for their professional work, which we believe conductive to development of not only the JACIII but also scientific research.
Research on the Social Network Search Strategy from the Viewpoint of Comprehensive Influence Maximization
Authors: Hui Shumin , Wang Yuefei
Published: November 2023

Considering that social network provides a channel for nodes to exchange information, resources, and interests, the fundamental task of social network search is to find the best path from the source node to the target node. The search strategy based on the shortest path principle ignores the strength and direction of the social relationship between nodes in the social network, and ignores the difference of influence between nodes, so that the search results cannot meet the needs of searchers. Considering the important role of the influence of nodes and the influence intensity between nodes in social network search, this paper proposes the path optimization principle of maximizing the comprehensive influence, and constructs a new search algorithm based on this strategy by applying the modified Dijkstra algorithm to solve the optimal path between nodes. Using the data of typical real social networks, it is verified that the path optimization algorithm based on the principle of maximizing comprehensive impact is better than the optimization algorithm based on the shortest path, and the search results are better interpretable to users. This paper had proposed a new influence maximization algorithm which has more advantages for solving social network search with high costs or benefits consideration by taking the influence intensity of nodes or between nodes into account.
A Study on Time-Varying Synergy of Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, and CO2 Emissions in China
Authors: Shang Xiaoxu , Huang Shipeng , Zheng Jing
Published: November 2023

Since its reform and opening, the Chinese economy has witnessed unprecedented development. This long-term high-speed development has significantly impacted the environment. In the process of energy development and consumption, the environment has been severely polluted, and greenhouse emissions have increased. This has resulted in environmental imbalances such as global climate change, rising sea levels, and extreme weather. Using annual energy consumption (EC), economic growth (GDP), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China from 1981 to 2021, this study employed the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of the nonlinear MS-VAR model. Cointegration tests, regimes analysis methods, and impulse response function analysis methods were adopted to explore the differences or similarities in the dynamics of the three under various regimes. The research results are as following. (i) The cointegration test findings demonstrate a long-term equilibrium relationship among EC, economic growth, and CO2 emissions. (ii) Regime analyses exhibit that there are three regimes: “low-level regime,” “medium-level regime,” and “high-level regime.” The three regimes have a mutual transfer transmission mechanism that exhibits nonlinear properties. (iii) Impulse response function analyses show that external EC and GDP shocks favorably impact the other two variables in all three regimes. EC in all three regimes is negatively impacted by external CO2 shocks. Moreover, in the “low-level regime,” the relationship between CO2 and GDP has an inverted U-curve, whereas in the other two regimes, the relationship has a negative association. This study can help China formulate reasonable and effective CO2 emissions reduction and energy policies and successfully achieve the emissions reduction goal of the 14th Five Year Plan as well as dual carbon goals.
Is Stylistic Coach Leadership Style Suitable for Young Student Athletes? The Effect on Team Cohesion and Team Performance
Authors: Tsai Chih Ming , Chang En-Ning
Published: November 2023

This study examines the relationship between stylistic coach leadership style, team cohesion, and team performance for young student athletes who take part in a team sport. The stylistic coach leadership style is defined as a combination of both democratic and holistic coach leadership styles. In other words, the stylistic coach leadership style is when the coaches make the final decision based on what young student athletes think while ensuring that they are content and that the team is able to be successful overall. In order to determine the effect of stylistic coach leadership style on team cohesion and team performance, a study was conducted using an online questionnaire that was split into two parts. Young student athletes in grades 6 through 12 who were taking part in a team sport at the time were eligible to participate in this study. Demographic information was collected through the first part of the questionnaire while the second part measured each of the three constructs through questions that required the athletes to rank the statements based on the 5-point Likert scale. The results highlight that the stylistic coach leadership style directly affects both team cohesion and team performance, and team cohesion acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between stylistic coach leadership style and team performance. Finally, this study also provides some practical suggestions for coaches, with the aim of aiding them to be more efficient and effective in leading those young student athletes.
PENGEMBAGAN MODEL SITFD ( STUDET INTERACTIVE TEAM FOCUS DISSUSION) DALAM PEMBELAJARA IPS DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Afifah Nervilia Nur , Nurasiah Iis , Uswatun Din Azwar
Published: November 2023

Abstrak

Pendidikan adalah usaha sadar yang dilakukan oleh pendidik untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik lebih aktif dalam mengembangkan potensi diri, kecerdasan, kepribadian, akhlak mulia, dan keterampilan yang diperlukan ketika di masyarakat. Pengembangan potensi peserta didik yang kreatif, berilmu, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis dapat dicapai melalui mata pelajaran di sekolah salah satunya yaitu melalui mata pelajaran IPS (Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial). Pembelajaran IPS merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran pokok yang ada di tingkat sekolah dasar. Pendidikan IPS memiliki cakupan materi yang cukup luas, karena pada pendidikan IPS mencangkup gejala-gejala sosial dan masalah kehidupan dalam bermasyarakat. Pendidikan IPS membantu peserta didik dalam memecahkan permasalahan yang dihadapi sehingga akan menjadikannya semakin mengerti dan memahami lingkungan sosial masyarakatnya. Mengingat bahwa, kemampuan siswa berbeda-beda terutama dalam hal mengingat. Sehingga di perlukan sebuah model pembelajaran dengan metode yang seusai dengan kriteria siswa Sekolah Dasar yang masih identik dengan kata bermain, berinteraksi, dan bersenang-senang.

Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, pendidikan IPS SD, Model pembelajaran.
Internal standard and deuterated solvent selection : a crucial step in PFAS-based fluorine-19 (¹⁹F) NMR research
Authors: Fernando P.U. Ashvin Iresh , Sullivan Samantha , Martinez-Guerra Edith , Jared Cobb
Published: November 2023

This work is vital because it provides researchers with a framework and rationale for selecting the best internal standard and deuterated solvent for their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-based compounds. Selecting the best internal standard and deuterated solvent will help to ensure that their results are accurate, precise, and sensitive. The internal standard that is chosen can significantly affect the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and quantification of NMR measurements. Therefore, it is essential to carefully select an internal standard and a matching deuterated solvent that are well-suited for analyzing PFAS compounds.
Contrasting Diamond Potentials of Kimberlites of the V. Grib and TsNIGRI-Arkhangelskaya Pipes (Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province) as a Result of the Different Compositions and Evolution of the Lithospheric Mantle: Data on the Contents of Major and Trace Elements in Garnet Xenocrysts
Authors: Agasheva E.V. , Gudimova A.I. , Chervyakovskii V.S. , Agashev A.M.
Published: November 2023

—The paper presents data on the contents of major and trace elements in garnet xenocrysts from kimberlites of the highly diamondiferous V. Grib pipe (1100 grains) and weakly diamondiferous TsNIGRI-Arkhangelskaya pipe (446 grains). We have established that the high diamond potential of the V. Grib kimberlite pipe is due to several factors related to the composition and structure of the lithospheric mantle represented by kimberlite: (1) a “cold” regime, with a heat flow of 36–38 mW/m2; (2) a thick “diamond window” (70–102 km), with the depth level of the lower boundary of the lithospheric mantle estimated at >200 km; (3) the high degree of preservation of diamondbearing peridotites under the P–T conditions of diamond stability despite the high degree of impregnation of the lithospheric-mantle rocks by high-temperature silicate melts. The low diamond content of the TsNIGRI-Arkhangelskaya kimberlite pipe as compared with the V. Grib pipe is due to the following factors: (1) a more intense heat flow in the lithospheric mantle, 38–42 mW/m2; (2) a thinner “diamond window”, 10–60 km, with the depth level of the lower boundary of the lithospheric mantle estimated at <200 km; (3) weak impregnation of the rocks of the middle and lower lithospheric mantle by CHO fluid/melt, which might have induced diamond formation; (4) minimum preservation of diamond-bearing peridotites in the lower lithospheric mantle, partly because of the possible impregnation of this zone by high-temperature silicate melts.
Simulation of Hydrate Particles Aggregation and Deposition in Gas-Dominated Flow
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Li Zeqin , Pei Jihao , Ma Nan , Zhang Jianbo , Sun Baojiang
Published: November 2023

Owing to low-temperature and high-pressure production environments, hydrate generation, accumulation, and deposition are prone to occur in deepwater oil and gas production wells and transportation pipelines, leading to pipeline blockage and threatening the safety of oil and gas production. To explore the aggregation mechanism and deposition law of hydrate particles in the main gas diversion pipeline, this study considered the adhesion effect of hydrate particles and established a hydrate particle aggregation and deposition model based on theory and experiments. The coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) is used in the simulation calculation. The simulation results were compared with the relevant experimental results, and maximum and average errors of 9.48% and 4.56% were observed, respectively. It was found that the main factor affecting the aggregation of hydrates is the adhesion between particles. As the subcooling temperature increased, the aggregation and adhesion of the hydrate particles increased to varying degrees. The tangential adhesion force between the hydrate aggregate particles was significantly greater than the normal adhesion force, and the adhesion force between the particles gradually increased from the surface to the interior of the aggregates. The coordination number of the hydrate particles can quantitatively characterize the degree of aggregation and is affected by many factors, such as adhesion. By studying the particle coordination number, the evolution of hydrate accumulation and deposition under different conditions can be summarized. Based on the simulation results, the mathematical relationship between different dimensionless numbers and hydrate deposition ratio (HDR) was calculated, and an expression that can predict the HDR was obtained, with an average relative error of 10.155%. This study provides a theoretical basis for predicting the aggregation and deposition of hydrate particles in gas-dominated systems and a reference for the development of hydrate prevention and control plans.
Climate Equality: A planet for the 99%
Authors: Khalfan Ashfaq , Nilsson Lewis Astrid , Aguilar Carlos , Persson Jaqueline , Lawson Max , Dabi Nafkote , Jayoussi Safa , Acharya Sunil
Published: November 2023

The world faces twin crises of climate breakdown and runaway inequality. The richest people, corporations and countries are destroying the world with their huge carbon emissions. Meanwhile, people living in poverty, those experiencing marginalization, and countries in the Global South are those impacted the hardest. Women and girls, Indigenous Peoples, people living in poverty and other groups experiencing discrimination are particularly at a disadvantage. The consequences of climate breakdown are felt in all parts of the world and by most people, yet only the richest people and countries have the wealth, power and influence to protect themselves. With that power comes huge responsibility. If no action is taken, the richest will continue to burn through the carbon we have left to use while keeping the global temperature below the safe limit of 1.5°C, destroying any chance of ending poverty and ensuring equality. The world needs an equal transformation. Only a radical reduction in inequality, transformative climate action and fundamentally shifting our economic goals as a society can save our planet while ensuring wellbeing for all.
Coronary Artery Disease Incidence, Risk Factors, Awareness, and Medication Utilization in a 10-Year Cohort Study
Authors: hassanabadi Mohammadtaghi Sareban , Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Kraemer Alexander , Namayandeh Seyedeh Mahdieh
Published: November 2023

Background:
There is a substantial disparity in coronary artery disease (CAD) burden between Iran and other nations that place a strong emphasis on the assessment of CAD risk factors and individuals' awareness and ability to control them.
Methods:
Two-thousand participants of a community-based Iranian population aged 20-74 years, were investigated with a mean follow-up of 9.9 years (range: 7.6 to 12.2). An analysis of Cox regression was conducted to determine the association between CAD development and classic risk factors like age, gender, smoking, physical activity, education, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. We calculated attributed risk percent and absolute risk reductions for risk factors and protective factors.
Results:
After a follow-up period of nearly 10 years, a total of 225 CAD events were reported, constituting 14.5% of the overall incidences. Nighty three percent of participants had more than one risk factor. Age was the most predictive risk factor with a hazard ratio (HR) and confidence interval (CI) of 5.56 (3.87-7.97, p <0.001) in men older than 45 and female older than 55 compared to lower ages. In comparison to females, male gender had (HR) of 1.45 (CI: 1.11-1.90, p-value=0.006) for developing CAD. Nearly 80% of the patients had dyslipidemia with a hazard ratio of 2.19 (CI: 1.40-3.44, p=0.01). Among the participants, 28.9% had hypertension, and 52% had prehypertension, which had a HR of 4.1 (2.4-7.2, p <0.001) and 2.4 (1.4-4.2, p < 0.001) respectively. Diabetes with a prevalence of 17% had a HR of 2.63 (CI: 2 -3.47, p < 0.001), but pre-diabetes was not significantly associated with CAD. Awareness of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were 81%, 27.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. Regarding medication usage, the corresponding percentages were 51% for diabetes, 13.2% for dyslipidemia, and 41% for hypertension.
Conclusions:
Compared to previous studies in Iran and neighboring countries, the current study found a higher incidence of CAD, more prevalent risk factors, lower awareness and ability to control these risk factors. Thus, an effective preventive strategy is needed to reduce the CAD burden in Iran.
Understanding healthcare professionals’ responses to patient complaints in secondary and tertiary care in the UK: A systematic review and behavioural analysis
Authors: Antonopoulou Vivi , Meyer Carly , Chadwick Paul , Gibson Beckie , Sniehotta Falko F. , Vlaev Ivo , Vasova Anna , Goffe Louis , Lorencatto Fabiana , McKinlay Alison , Chater Angel Marie
Published: November 2023

Background.
The path of a complaint and patient satisfaction with complaint resolution is often dependent on healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) first response. It is therefore important to understand the influences shaping HCP behaviour. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify the key actors, behaviours and factors influencing HCPs’ responses to complaints, and (2) apply behavioural science frameworks to classify these influences and provide recommendations for more effective complaints management.
Methods.
A systematic literature review of UK published and unpublished (“grey literature”) studies was conducted (PROSPERO registration: CRD42022301980). Five electronic databases (Scopus, Medline/Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, HMIC) were searched up to September 2021. Eligibility criteria included: studies reporting primary data, conducted in secondary and tertiary care, written in English and published between 2001–2021 (studies from primary care, mental health, forensic, paediatric, or dental care services were excluded). Extracted data included: participant quotations from qualitative studies, results from questionnaire and survey studies, case studies reported in commentaries, and descriptions and summaries of results from reports. Data were synthesised narratively using inductive thematic analysis, followed by deductive mapping to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).
Results.
22 articles and 3 reports meeting the inclusion criteria were included. A total of 8 actors, 22 behaviours and 24 influences on behaviour were found. Key factors influencing effective management of complaints included HCPs’ beliefs about the value of complaints, knowledge of procedures and available time and resources, and organisational culture and leadership. Defensive practices and high stress levels among HCPs were linked to lack of managerial support, role conflict and a blaming culture within the organisation. Themes mapped predominantly onto the TDF domains of social influences (categorised both as barrier and enabler), beliefs about consequences (barrier) and social/professional role and identity (barrier). Recommendations were generated using the BCW approach.
Conclusions.
Through the application of behavioural science, we identified a wide range of individual, social/organisational and environmental influences on complaints management in secondary and tertiary care. Our behavioural analysis informed recommendations for intervention content, with particular emphasis on reframing and building on the positive aspects of complaints as an underutilised source of feedback at an individual and organisational level.
Preparation, structural characterization and enzymatic properties of alginate lyase immobilized on magnetic chitosan microspheres
Authors: Li Jinmeng , Yan Feng , Huang Bingbing , Zhang Mengyan , Wu Xiaodan , Liu Yuhuan , Ruan Roger , Zheng Hongli
Published: November 2023

Alginate lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alginate into alginate oligoalginates. To enhance enzyme stability and recovery, a facile strategy for alginate lyase immobilization was developed. The novel magnetic chitosan microspheres were synthesized and used as a carrier to immobilize alginate lyase. Immobilization of alginate lyase on magnetic chitosan microspheres was successful as proved by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectra. The enzyme immobilization exhibited best performance at MCM dosage = 1.5 g/L, adsorption time = 2.0 h, glutaraldehyde concentration = 0.2%, and immobilization time = 2.0 h. The optimal pH of the free alginate lyase was 7.5, and this pH value was shifted to 8.0 after immobilization. No difference was observed in the optimal temperature (45°C) for the immobilized and free enzymes. The immobilized alginate lyase displayed superior thermal stability compared with the free alginate lyase. The Km of the free and immobilized enzymes were 0.05 mol/L and 0.09 mol/L, respectively. The immobilized alginate lyase retained 72% of its original activity after 10 batch reactions. This strategy was a promising method to immobilize alginate lyase.
Extracellular CD30 and ADAM10/17 regulate brentuximab vedotin-induced cell death in an adult T-cell leukemia cell line
Authors: Sato Keisuke , Kozako Tomohiro , Nakano Akira , Ogata Kentaro , Kamimura Hidetoshi , Sasaki Hidenori , Takamatsu Yasushi , Takemoto Shigeki , Honda Shin-Ichiro
Published: November 2023

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1)-induced malignancy of mature T lymphocytes with poor outcomes. Brentuximab vedotin (BV), which is an anti-CD30 antibody conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E, is included in the treatment of CD30-positive ATL, but there is no useful therapeutic marker for BV. Soluble CD30 (sCD30) in serum is increased in aggressive-type ATL at diagnosis, but the effects of extracellular CD30 on BV-induced cell death in ATL remain unclear. Similarly, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10 and 17 have CD30 sheddase activity in anaplastic large cell lymphoma, but this activity is unknown in ATL. The present study showed that sCD30 concentrations were related to BV activity in ATL-related cell lines. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes containing CD30 also inhibited BV activity. Additionally, the knockdown of ADAM10/17 significantly reduced sCD30 concentrations with increased cell death by BV. Our results suggest that ADAM10/17 are involved in sCD30 production in ATL. Moreover, endogenous extracellular CD30, such as sCD30 shed by ADAM10/17, and CD30-positive EVs may be responsible for the BV-induced cell death. Correctively, extracellular CD30 concentrations, including EV, may be useful as biomarkers for BV therapy in ATL.
Sex differences in brain transcriptomes of juvenile Cynomolgus macaques
Authors: Kabbej Nadia , Ashby Frederick J. , Riva Alberto , Gamlin Paul D. , Mandel Ronald J. , Kunta Aishwarya , Rouse Courtney J. , Heldermon Coy D.
Published: November 2023

Background: Behavioral, social, and physical characteristics are posited to distinguish the sexes, yet research on transcription-level sexual differences in the brain is limited. Here, we investigated sexually divergent brain transcriptomics in prepubertal cynomolgus macaques, a commonly used surrogate species to humans.
Methods: A transcriptomic profile using RNA sequencing was generated for the temporal lobe, ventral midbrain, and cerebellum of 3 female and 3 male cynomolgus macaques previously treated with an Adeno-associated virus vector mix. Statistical analyses to determine differentially expressed protein-coding genes in all three lobes were conducted using DeSeq2 with a false discovery rate corrected P value of .05.
Results: We identified target genes in the temporal lobe, ventral midbrain, and cerebellum with functions in translation, immunity, behavior, and neurological disorders that exhibited statistically significant sexually divergent expression.
Conclusions: We provide potential mechanistic insights to the epidemiological differences observed between the sexes with regards to mental health and infectious diseases, such as COVID19. Our results provide pre-pubertal information on sexual differences in non-human primate brain transcriptomics and may provide insight to health disparities between the biological sexes in humans.
Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia complicated with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: he sili , Jiang Jianfa
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) complicated with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN)
Methods: A total of 229 patients diagnosed with CIN complicated with VAIN, who received treatment at the Gynecology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2013 and January 2023, were included in this study. Additionally, 458 CIN patients treated during the same period were randomly selected as a control group. The clinical characteristics of both groups were compared and analyzed to identify risk factors for CIN complicated with VAIN.
Results: The mean age of patients in the CIN complicated with VAIN group was 49.84±14.03 years, with 55.5% being postmenopausal. In the CIN group, the mean age was 45.79±11.41 years, with 31.4% being postmenopausal. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Among the CIN complicated with VAIN group, 97.4% of patients had HPV infection, with 46.7% being infected with multiple HPVs and 20.1% being infected with three or more HPVs. The infection rate was significantly higher than that in the CIN group (91.0%, 29.5%, 10.5%). There was a significant positive correlation between the grade of CIN and VAIN (Kappa=0.274, p < 0.05), indicating that as the grade of cervical lesions increased, so did the degree of vaginal lesions. Multifactor analysis revealed that menopause (OR=2.522), multiple HPV infections (OR=1.491), and three or more categories of HPV infections (OR=1.529) were independent risk factors for CIN complicated with VAIN (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In order to provide early intervention and avoid missed diagnosis and treatment, it is important to pay attention to vaginal examination during colposcopy for postmenopausal and CIN patients with multiple HPV infections. This will help in timely detection of vaginal lesions.
Regulating sensitivity analysis of spatial patterns of high-density urban riverfront areas to the river cooling effect: a case study of the Grand Canal in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Zhang Xiaojian , Gong jiajia , Zhang jia
Published: November 2023

River blue-green spaces are an important type of urban cooling island, and their cooling effect is largely influenced by the spatial pattern of urban riverfront areas. These areas are the primary source of the urban heat island effect in high-density areas along urban rivers. However, the sensitivity of spatial pattern variables to the river cooling effect is not well understood. To address this question, the Grand Canal in the main city of Hangzhou, was selected as study area. This study identified three building space form variables and seven green space form variables based on area, spatial pattern, and correlated these indicators with land surface temperature using the Autogluon model, then calculated the river cooling effect from the land surface temperature, and tested the sensitivity of these spatial pattern indicators by comparing their effects on the river cooling effect. The results are that: (1) the Autogluon model accurately establishes the relationship between land surface temperature and spatial pattern indicators; (2) the river cooling index (RCI) of the Grand Canal in the main city of Hangzhou ranges from 0.67-5.35℃, with an average RCI of 2.62℃, and the river cooling distance (RCD) ranges from 25.6-370.4m, with an average RCD of 167.3m; (3) Building patch density, Overall greenspace patch cohesion index, and greenspace patch density exhibits high sensitivity to regulating the river cooling effect(RCE). This study provides valuable references for identifying key spatial pattern regulating indicators in urban riverfront spatial planning, and for enhancing the cooling effect of medium-sized urban cooling islands and optimizing the outdoor thermal comfort of areas along rivers through rapid simulation evaluation methods.
The Association of Leptin and Incident Hypertension in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Cohort
Authors: Sherman Sarah , Stoutenburg Eric , Long Leann , Juraschek Stephen , Cushman Mary , Howard Virginia , Tracy Russell , Judd Suzanne , Mukaz Debora Kamin , Zakai Neil , Plante Timothy
Published: November 2023

Leptin is an adipokine associated with obesity and with hypertension in animal models. Whether leptin is associated with hypertension independent of obesity is unclear. Relative to White adults, Black adults have higher circulating leptin concentration. As such, leptin may mediate some of the excess burden of incident hypertension among Black adults. REGARDS enrolled 30 239 adults aged ≥ 45 years from 48 US states in 2003-07. Baseline leptin was measured in a sex- and race-stratified sample of 4 400 participants. Modified Poisson regression estimated relative risk (RR) of incident hypertension (new > = 140/>=90 mmHg threshold or use of antihypertensives) per SD of log-transformed leptin, stratified by obesity (BMI of 30 kg/m2). Inverse odds ratio weighting estimated the % mediation by leptin of the excess hypertension RR among Black relative to White participants. Among the 1 821 participants without prevalent hypertension, 35% developed incident hypertension. Obesity modified the relationship between leptin and incident hypertension (P-interaction 0.006) such that higher leptin was associated with greater hypertension risk in the crude model among those with BMI < 30 kg/m2, but not those with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. This was fully attenuated when adjusting for anthropometric measures. In the crude model, Black adults had a 52% greater risk of incident hypertension. Leptin did not significantly mediate this disparity. In this national U.S. sample, leptin was associated with incident hypertension among non-obese but not obese adults. Future investigations should focus on the effect of weight modification on incident hypertension among non-obese adults with elevated leptin.
Enhancing Analysis of EEG Image Data Sets: Dealing with Class Imbalances and Data Uncertainty
Authors: Mishra Sneha , Jaiswal Umesh Chandra
Published: November 2023

Quality Assurance and output focused algorithm design is the trend, which is a current day research challenge. Inter- and intra- behavioral changes in the system influence on quality of outputs, this due to class imbalance problem prevailing in the data sets, that read uncertain values causes class imbalance problem (CIP). Predictive models that depend on such states of data sets become highly imbalanced. As the CIP on uncertain data starts from selection of samples and candidates for the algorithms; the selected random samples project high variation of classes, a very smaller class or even larger than expected. EEG image data sets are generated from the electro-encephalogram are always random and often never repeating because they vary coarsely based on subjects, ailments and various levels of voltages generated at various types of montage points. Irrespective of montage points and the voltage generated from the electro-encephalogram, the outcome of the algorithms is to develop a predictive model of the subject’s epileptical state. In this regard, the problem of class imbalance (CIP) shall be addressed and handled with various types of heuristic and sampling methods. We shall work on various types of sampling methods and heuristics that develop a predictive model on the uncertain data and draw comparisons to select based on the uncertain state of the data.
Evaluating the Viability of Co-Firing Biomass Waste to Mitigate Coal Plant Emissions in Indonesia
Authors: Lou Jiehong , Squire Claire , Hilde Thomas
Published: November 2023

Reducing emissions in Indonesia’s energy sector requires mitigating coal plant emissions while avoiding land use change emissions. Given Indonesia’s abundant biomass resources, co-firing biomass presents an opportunity to reduce carbon emissions using agricultural residues, forestry waste, and municipal waste. We investigate whether available biomass waste is sufficient to meet feedstock requirements for co-firing at a range of ratios, whether demand can be met throughout the year and across the archipelago, and resulting emissions reductions. We conducted a feasibility study for each captive and non-captive coal plant in Indonesia, evaluating suitable biomass waste feedstocks including wood (both forest residues and industrial by-products), rubber, sugarcane, oil palm (kernel shell and empty fruit bunches), rice husk and straw, and municipal solid waste. Our results indicate that incorporating biomass waste into coal plants can reduce carbon emissions and contribute to the country's renewable energy targets without additional deforestation. However, while existing biomass waste is sufficient to meet co-firing demand at low ratios, competition with alternative uses and limited biomass supply in eastern provinces, where coal capacity is growing, preclude meeting demand at higher ratios. Our study provides insights into seasonal and spatial waste availability across Indonesia, and potential land use impacts and emissions reductions.
A prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study comparing recyclable metal stents with endoscopic dilation in the treatment of benign anastomotic stricture after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Tao Zhang , Liu Jie , Pu Wenfeng , Ren Ninchuan , Feng Shenggang , Zhang Yan , Zhang Lisha , Li Feng , He Qingli , Lin Fengying , Du Zhonghan , Hu Xiaosan , Li Baohua , Zhang Guihua , Long Sizhe , Li Ying , Zhang Bing
Published: November 2023

Background
Endoscopic dilation (ED) is common and effective for improving strictures in patients with benign esophageal anastomotic stenosis (BEAS) after esophagectomy. A retrievable self-expanding metal stent has also been proven effective in treating strictures. However, evaluations comparing health economics of stent placement and ED for BEAS are lack.
Methods
In this prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter study, BEAS patients between October 2020 and October 2021 at six centers were included. Patients were randomized into stent replacement (SR) or water balloon dilation (WBD) groups, and re-treatment interval times, body mass index (BMI) changes, dysphagia score, quality of life (QOL), treatment fees/times, total cost, daily cost, restenosis, and adverse effects assessed. Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variable analysis and Kaplan-Meier to calculate cumulative percentage and effective rate; significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
Re-treatment interventions were more frequent in the WBD group (3 vs. 1.2, p < 0.05) and re-treatment interval times longer (60-days vs. 7-days, p < 0.05). Patient compliance was lower in the WBD group (p < 0.001), while treatment cost was higher in SR patients (5001 vs. 1812 yuan, p < 0.001). Daily treatment cost was lower in SR patients (78.57 vs 86.29 yuan, p < 0.05). QOL (97 vs. 86, p < 0.05), changes in posttreatment BMI (0 vs -0.72, p < 0.05), and posttreatment dysphagia score (1 vs. 2, p < 0.05) were higher in SR patients. There were three adverse events, two stent migrations, and one patient died following ED.
Conclusions
SR patients had higher QOL due to longer retreatment intervals, fewer endoscopic interventions, and lower daily treatment costs.
Trial registration
: The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR2000037864.
Endocytic cellular components determine secreta in female irradiated macrophages to promote intestinal regeneration
Authors: Lu Xingyu , Luo Guibing , Xu Yufan , Qiu Xinyu , Liu Yitong , Li Fang , Cui Fengmei , Chen Qiu
Published: November 2023

Background: The intestine is sensitive to radiation. After irradiation, the DNA of intestinal cells breaks and leaks, resulting in collagen deposition. Macrophages in the intestine perform cleaning and repair functions. However, the specific mechanism between cleaning and repairhas not yet been clarified. Methods and Results: Here, we found that after macrophages engulf DNA, the signal is transmitted to the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) nuclear transcription factor through DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) found by a coimmunoprecipitation assay. Next, a chromatinimmunoprecipitation assay showed that CEBPB bound to the promoter of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitory molecule Gremlin2 (GREM2) to increase GREM2 mRNA. Simultaneously, macrophages swallow collagen, and collagen inhibits HSP90AB1 (heat shock protein 90 kDa alphaB1) and CEBPB. Next, CEBPB suppresses the transforming growth factor (TGF) β inhibitory molecules latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1 (LTBP1) and decorin (DCN), leading to increased expression of LTBP1 and DCN in irradiated macrophages.
In the presence of estrogen and prolactin, the expression of GREM2, LTBP1, and DCN in irradiated macrophages significantly increased. GREM2 dose-dependently promoted crypt proliferation. Therefore, after depleting macrophages, the intestinal damage of female mice was significantly more severe than that of male mice after irradiation.
Conclusions: The data here showed that irradiated intestinal macrophages engulfed DNA and secreted GREM2 (positively regulated by CEBPB), while phagocytic collagen stimulated macrophages to secrete LTBP1 and DCN (negatively regulated by CEBPB). Estrogen will greatly amplify this mixed phenotype to promote intestinalrepair post ionizing radiation. These results suggest that there should be differences in the dosage of radiation therapy between male and female cancer patients.
Basal body contains a “latchbolt” to enable directional ciliary beat across epithelia
Authors: Zhu Xueliang , Pan Xinwen , Fang Chuyu , Shen Chuan , Li Xixia , Xie Lele , Li Luan , Huang Shan , Yan Xiumin
Published: November 2023

Motile cilia unify the orientation of their 9+2 axonemes across epithelia to drive directional liquid flows for various physiological functions. This planar polarity is believed to result from cytoskeleton-driven swiveling of the basal foot (BF), a basal body (BB) appendage that marks the axonemal orientation, in response to intrinsic and extrinsic cues. How and when the BF-axoneme relationship is established, however, are basic issues unaddressed. Here, we show that BFs and axonemal orientations are initially uncoupled and require a rotationally-asymmetric, Ccdc57-positive “latchbolt” in BB distal lumen to lock them in position. Furthermore, multicilia in individual mouse ependymal cells achieve uniform axonemal orientations and beat directions independently of BFs. Accordingly, Ccdc57-deficient multicilia display only cell-level directional beat but lack the planar polarity. This defect impairs cerebrospinal fluid flow, resulting in severe hydrocephalus, kyphosis, and high mortality in mice. These findings unravel brand-new mechanisms governing the planar polarity of epithelial motile cilia.
Sore throat following routine tracheal intubation with a single-use plastic laryngoscope blade versus a reusable metal laryngoscope blade: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, single-blind controlled study
Authors: LASSOUANI Sabrina , FRATTINI Nadia , SAADE Mirna , BENZERTI Lamine , LOCHER Christophe , VICAUT Eric , DAHMANI Souhayl , NDOKO Serge Korandel
Published: November 2023

Background
Reusable metal blade induces throat pain after tracheal intubation in 30% of patients. After the implementation of the Heineâ single-use plastic blade in our theater, throat pain increased in a magnitude of 10%. However, throat pain induced by plastic blades has not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of throat pain induced by this plastic blade in comparison to the Heineâ reusable metal blade after tracheal intubation.
Methods
This trial was multicenter, prospective, randomized, and single-blind controlled.
We included 693 adult patients scheduled for surgery with tracheal intubation. They did not have any predictive criteria for difficult tracheal intubation. A 60-second step-limit tracheal intubation algorithm was used when performing tracheal intubation using a plastic or reusable blade. The primary endpoint was the frequency of throat pain, without swallowing, 24 hours after tracheal intubation. The first secondary endpoint was the incidence of unexpectedly difficult tracheal intubation (Intubation Difficulty Score ³ 1).
Results
At 24 hours, the throat pain incidence was not significantly higher in the plastic group: 81 (23.1%) vs. 61 (17.8%); difference, 5.3%; 95% Confidence Interval, [– 0.8 - 11.2]; P = 0.087; The unexpectedly difficult tracheal intubation incidence was significantly higher in the plastic group: 194 (55.3%) vs. 146 (42.7%); difference, 12.6%; 95% Confidence Interval, [12.3 - 12.8]; P = 0.0009.
Conclusions
The plastic blade used in this study exhibited subpar performance in tracheal intubation compared to the reusable metal blade. The protective tracheal intubation algorithm used may explain the low incidence of throat pain in the two groups and the absence of a significant difference. Further studies with other plastic blades are necessary to confirm that their implementation in the operating rooms, especially in the context of video-assisted laryngoscopes and ecological plastic recycling, is not solely dependent on their performance.
T-cell commitment inheritance – an agent-based multi-scale model
Authors: Olariu Victor , Andersson Emil , Rothenberg Ellen , Peterson Carsten
Published: November 2023

T-cell development provides an excellent model system for studying lineage commitment from a multipotent progenitor. The intrathymic development process has been thoroughly studied. The molecular circuitry controlling it has been dissected and steps like programmed shut-off for progenitor genes and T-cell genes upregulation have been revealed. However, the exact timing between the decision-making and commitment stage remains unexplored. To this end, we implemented an agent-based multi-scale model to investigate inheritance in early T-cell development. Treating each cell as an agent provides a powerful tool as it tracks each individual cell of a simulated T-cell colony, enabling the construction of lineage trees. Based on these lineage trees, we introduce the concept of the last common ancestors (LCA) of committed cells and analyse their relations, both at single-cell level and population level. Our simulations showed that the commitment is a three-step process over several cell generations where a cell is first prepared by a transcriptional switch. This is followed by the loss of the Bcl11b-opposing function two to three generations later which is when the decision to commit is taken. Finally, after another one to two generations, the cell becomes committed. Our results showed that there is inheritance in the commitment mechanism.
The Professional Perception of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICCMS): A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sá Gabriela , Braga Mariana , Júnior Jair Moreira , Ekstrand Kim , Ribeiro Matheus , Bönecker Marcelo
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
The International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) was developed to standardize caries diagnosis, risk assessment and treatment decisions based on overall evidence. To evaluate its criteria in practice, a clinical trial assessed the professionals' perceptions of two caries management systems.
Methods
A perception questionnaire was administered to two groups: one using ICCMS criteria and other using non-ICCMS criteria. An online questionnaire, constructed by using the Google Forms platform, included quantitative scale questions to measure effort and satisfaction and two open-ended questions to collect the positive and negative perceptions of dentists by using either criteria system. The questionnaires were administered six months after the study's implementation.
Results
Both groups showed high levels of effort and satisfaction. Professionals using ICCMS reported more positive perceptions by citing improved diagnosis (71.4%) and standardized patient care (43%). However, they also noted negative aspects such as increased number of questionnaires and records (58%), longer clinical sessions (43%), and higher rates of patient absenteeism (29%).
Conclusion
Professionals who used the ICCMS had a positive outlook on the system, with benefits seen in diagnosis and patient monitoring. However, there is room for improvement in terms of automation and simplification to enhance the professional use of the system in the clinical setting.