bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O relacionamento das competências leitora e em informação com o processo de letramento na era digital
Authors: Gerlin Meri Nadia Marques
Published: June 2021

Introdução: As tecnologias de escrita, informação e comunicação potencializam a disseminação da informação, possibilitando a recuperação de obras impressas, eletrônicas e digitais em vários tipos de suportes como livros, periódicos, vídeos e web sites. Por meio do uso dos recursos tecnológicos enormes volumes de informações são disponibilizados, tornando-se necessário que o sujeito contemporâneo desenvolva competências no âmbito da informação e da leitura destinadas à promoção de aprendizagens significativas, em decorrência do uso de diferentes modalidades de textos e hipertextos perpassando o interesse, a necessidade e o prazer de ler. Objetivo: O cenário apresentado requer colocar em análise o desenvolvimento da competência leitora e da competência em informação relacionadas com o processo de letramento na era digital. Metodologia: Por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória caracterizada a princípio como bibliográfica, identificam-se temas e procede-se ao delineamento de direcionamentos para as competências desenvolvidas na biblioteca, na escola, no ciberespaço, na universidade e em outros ambientes colaborativos de (in)formação, educação e cultura. Resultados: No decorrer da análise dos temas e direcionamentos que compreendem as competências leitora e em informação inter-relacionadas com o processo de letramento, verifica-se que o acesso das modalidades de leituras multimodais e a capacidade de compreensão são essenciais para a apropriação do (hiper)texto. Identifica-se que o exercício de uma leitura crítica, adquirida por meio de um aprendizado colaborativo, requer processos de construção de práticas e projetos de leituras relacionadas com o uso ético da informação, dependendo, por conseguinte, de uma combinação de conhecimentos e atitudes sociais na era digital. Conclusões: Durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa percebe-se que a sociedade da informação e do conhecimento solicita do sujeito leitor competências que depreendam da combinação de habilidades (saber fazer), conhecimentos (saber ser) e atitudes (saber agir) no campo da informação e da leitura, assim como da aquisição de habilidades cognitivas e atitudes relacionadas com a escrita no âmbito da alfabetização, junto com a mobilização de práticas de leituras socialmente constituídas pelo processo de letramento.
Perfil de Aplicação para Resumos Estruturados (PARE)
Authors: Gonçalez Paula Regina Ventura Amorim , Cervantes Brigida Maria Nogueira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O resumo representa a versão precisa, sintética e seletiva do texto do documento, portanto, nele devem estar os elementos de maior importância. Assim, é necessário que o resumo seja feito de maneira itemizada, em que o conjunto de elementos traduza claramente e com fidedignidade o conteúdo do artigo. Objetivo: Propor um perfil de aplicação de metadados para a descrição de elementos do resumo estruturado no domínio dos artigos científicos publicados em periódicos científicos eletrônicos. Metodologia: Análise exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada na literatura da área de Medicina Geral e na área de Ciência da Informação. Na literatura da área médica, que já utiliza os resumos estruturados, foram pesquisados artigos nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Na área da Ciência da Informação, a pesquisa documental foi feita a partir do levantamento dos periódicos qualificados pela Capes, quadriênio 2013-2016, tendo como amostra 72 títulos na área da Ciência da Informação e os 15 primeiros títulos apresentados no ranking InCites Journal Citation Reports (JCR) e estratificados pela Capes. Como instrumentos de pesquisa utilizou-se: Extrato Capes para periódicos na área da Ciência da Informação e a ferramenta InCites Journal Citation Reports (JCR) para periódicos na área de Medicina Geral. Resultados: Apresenta a Proposição do Perfil de Aplicação para Resumos Estruturados (PARE). Conclusão: O resumo deve ser o espelho das informações contidas nos artigos e deve ser sistematicamente construído para que os leitores possam: identificar pontos relevantes de seu interesse que estejam cientificamente fundamentados; contar com uma estrutura que lhes apresente de forma concisa os resultados das pesquisas; e pesquisar por motores de busca mais precisos.
Pós-verdade: novo objeto de estudo para a Ciência da Informação
Authors: Araújo Carlos Alberto Ávila
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Este texto apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a evolução da ciência da informação, seus conceitos e problemáticas, evidenciando como o recente fenômeno da pós-verdade coloca novas questões para a área. Objetivo: Os objetivos se relacionam com a identificação e caracterização do fenômeno da pós-verdade de forma a demonstrar que ele representa uma nova realidade informacional a desafiar as categorias até então existentes na ciência da informação. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura e discussão epistemológica. Resultados: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de a ciência da informação conferir centralidade ao atributo de “verdade” da informação, além de outros já estudados como relevância, recuperação, relação com o conhecimento, entre outros. Conclusões: O fenômeno da pós-verdade se apresenta como o grande desafio contemporâneo da ciência da informação, a exigir maior aprofundamento em sua compreensão e o desenvolvimento de ações e estratégias para lidar com ele.
Análise do comércio virtual da água no Estado do Paraná: Uma abordagem de Insumo- Produto
Authors: Zangiski Gabriela Henrique , Carvalho Terciane Sabadini
Published: June 2021

Diante da escassez de água como fator limitante ao desenvolvimento e da incorporação direta e indireta de água nos processos produtivos, este estudo tem por objetivo compreender o comércio de água virtual entre o Paraná e as principais regiões com as quais ele comercializa: São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul e Resto do Brasil, bem como investigar se o Paraná comporta-se como importador ou exportador regional líquido neste segmento. O estudo dos fluxos de água virtual no Paraná se mostra relevante, visto que o Paraná destaca-se como um dos maiores produtores agrícolas do país e o maior consumidor de água no Brasil é o setor agropecuário. Para tanto, foi utilizado o conceito de água virtual e um modelo de insumo-produto inter-regional com seis setores. Os resultados mostram que no setor agropecuário, bem como no comércio com São Paulo, o Paraná é exportador líquido de água virtual. Porém, no setor de Indústria da Transformação e Construção, bem como no comércio com o Resto do Brasil, o estado comporta-se como importador líquido. No entanto, as exportações possuem maior peso, fazendo com que o estado seja exportador líquido de água virtual, quando considerados todos os setores e regiões do Brasil.
Programa nacional de fortalecimento da agricultura familiar: Distribuição e desempenho na Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Scapin Beatriz , Troian Alessandra , Machado Edenilson Tafernaberry Lencina
Published: June 2021

O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar, além de ser uma política de crédito com condições específicas para a agricultura familiar, é considerado também como ummarco de reconhecimento da categoria social. Ao longo dos mais de vinte anos de existência, o programa encontra-se em todas as regiões do país, estando presente praticamente em todos os municípios.Neste sentido,reconhecendo a importância do programa para o fomento da agricultura familiar, o estudo objetivaanalisar a distribuição dos recursos do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar, na Região da Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana, no período de 1999 a 2018. Especificamente, buscou-se: a) apresentar o volume de recursos acessados pelos agricultores familiares; e b) verificar se os agricultores têm acessado os recursos para custeio ou investimento. O estudo foi realizado a partir do método indutivo, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de dados secundários obtidos via sitio oficial do Banco Central do Brasil.Como principais resultados apontam-se a concentração de recursos nos municípios de Nova Palma, Restinga Sêca e Agudo, municípios que apresentam o maior número de agricultores familiares. Destacam-se, ainda os municípios de Silveira Martins e São João do Polêsine sendo os que menos acessaram os recursos disponibilizados Pronaf. Além disso, a maior parte do crédito acessado pelos agricultores familiares da região está sendo usado para custeio, seguindo um comportamento semelhante quando comparado a nível nacional.
Vantagens competitivas e composição da balança comercial entre Brasil e Argentina: uma análise de indicadores de comércio exterior
Authors: Sousa Carolina Araújo , Lucena Andréa Freire de , Vieira Edson Roberto
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações comerciais entre o Brasil e a Argentina no período 2007 a 2016, por meio do uso de indicadores de comércio exterior como Vantagem Comparativa Revelada, Contribuição ao Saldo Comercial, Posição no Mercado e o de Comércio Intraindústria de Grubel-Lloyd. Com base nos resultados encontrados, há a verificação de que o grupo do setor de veículos é o que mais colaborou nas exportações brasileiras para a Argentina neste período. Na pauta de exportação, o setor é o que apresenta maior vantagem comparativa, é responsável pelo maior nível positivo de contribuição ao saldo comercial e representa a maior parcela de mercado. Além disso, o comércio do segmento de veículos tem indicativos de ser entre setores similares, ou de comércio intraindústria.
Especificidade de ativos e estruturas de governança na bovinocultura de corte no Paraná.
Authors: Santos Rejane Heloise dos , Guimarães Amanda Ferreira , Schiavi Sandra Mara de Alencar , Souza José Paulo
Published: June 2021

Apesar do destaque econômico da pecuária bovina de corte brasileira, ela apresenta problemas históricos de coordenação. Coexistem ao menos três diferentes subsistemas, aqui denominados convencional, diferenciado e altamente diferenciado, nos quais diferem quanto aos investimentos em diferenciação. De acordo com a Economia dos Custos de Transação, esses subsistemas podem envolver especificidade de ativos, demandando estruturas de governança complexas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo foi comparar, com foco na especificidade de ativos, como as transações estão organizadas no sistema convencional, diferenciado e altamente diferenciado da pecuária bovina de corte no Paraná, Brasil. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, em que 24 entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com integrantes dos três sistemas. Os resultados mostram que o sistema convencional possui baixa especificidade de ativos e é governando pelo mecanismo de mercado. O sistema diferenciado envolve especificidade de ativos e as transações são organizadas por formas híbridas. O sistema altamente diferenciado possui elevada especificidade de ativo e por isso tende a integração vertical. Conclui-se que a escolha pela estrutura de governança seguiu um continuum que foi da estrutura de mercado spot à integração vertical, à medida em que a especificidade de ativos se elevou. Apesar disso, permanecem falhas nessas cadeias, comprometendo sua continuidade.
Effectiveness of Corpus in Distinguishing Two Near-Synonymous Verbs: Damage and Destroy
Authors: Song Qiuyuan
Published: June 2021

This study aims to explore how corpus-based approaches can be used to address the distinctions of English near-synonyms effectively. Especially, it collected source data from the British National Corpus (BNC) and adopted Sketch Engine (SkE) as an analyzing tool to compare the near synonymous pair damage and destroy commonly misused by Chinese-speaking learners of English in terms of frequencies, genre distribution, colligation and collocation, differences in meanings and uses. It is found that damage and destroy are near-synonyms because they are relevant words and share most collocates but they are not fully intersubstitutable for certain contexts. Some words related to the human body or physical health are more collocated with damage and some such as military affairs and one’s thought or belief more with destroy. In addition, the core meaning of damage gives more emphasis on something that can be recovered but does not work well as before, while destroy offers more senses for something that no longer exists. Furthermore, the British tend to collocate the two near-synonyms with the same word to create a build-up, because destroy is endowed with a stronger degree of destruction than damage. The study ends by suggesting corpus-based analysis should be promoted in language teaching and learning to improve the accurate use of English vocabulary by language learners.
Langlopende letselschadezaken: wat zijn de belangrijkste kenmerken?
Authors: Rijnhout R. , van Maurik D.W. , van Dongen E.G.D , Giessen I.
Published: June 2021

Langlopende letselschadezaken: wat zijn de belangrijkste kenmerken?

Langlopende letselschadezaken kunnen om meerdere redenen nog openstaan. Het is niet mogelijk om één dominante omstandigheid te benoemen als hét kenmerk van een langlopend letselschadedossier. In dit artikel worden de belangrijkste bevindingen uit het onderzoek gepresenteerd.
Van het kastje naar de muur binnen de letselschade? Wmo en aansprakelijk verzekeraars
Authors: Renders L. , van Dijk H. , Audenaerde E. , Vermaat M.
Published: June 2021

Van het kastje naar de muur binnen de letselschade? Wmo en aansprakelijk verzekeraars

RTL Nieuws stelt in een item dat verzekeraars letselschadeslachtoffers van het kastje naar de muur sturen en gemeenten laten opdraaien voor kosten van onder andere huishoudelijke ondersteuning, begeleiding, diverse voorzieningen en (woning)aanpassingen, waardoor de belastingbetaler de dupe is.
Big Data Ethics: A Life Cycle Perspective
Authors: Vydra Simon , Poama Andrei , Giest Sarah , Ingrams Alex , Klievink Bram
Published: June 2021

Big Data Ethics: A Life Cycle Perspective

The adoption of big data analysis in the legal domain is a recent but growing trend that highlights ethical concerns not just with big data analysis, as such, but also with its deployment in the legal domain. This article systematically analyses five big data use cases from the legal domain utilising a pluralistic and pragmatic mode of ethical reasoning. In each case we analyse what happens with data from its creation to its eventual archival or deletion, for which we utilise the concept of ‘data life cycle’. Despite the exploratory nature of this article and some limitations of our approach, the systematic summary we deliver depicts the five cases in detail, reinforces the idea that ethically significant issues exist across the entire big data life cycle, and facilitates understanding of how various ethical considerations interact with one another throughout the big data life cycle. Furthermore, owing to its pragmatic and pluralist nature, the approach is potentially useful for practitioners aiming to interrogate big data use cases.
ON A CERTAIN CONVOLUTION OPERATOR FOR MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: CHEN MING-PO , OWA SHIGEYOSHI
Published: June 2021

A certain convolution operator $D^\alpha f(z)$ for meromorphic functions and two subclasses $M(\alpha)$ and $J(\alpha)$ are introduced. The object of the present paper is to derive some properties of the classes $M(\alpha)$ and $J(\alpha)$. The results of the paper are the generalizations and the improvements of the former results.
UNIVALENT FUNCTIONS WITH POSITIVE COEFFICIENTS
Authors: URALEGADDI B. A. , GANIGI M. D. , SARANGI S. M.
Published: June 2021

Coefficient inequalities, distortion and covering Theorems and extreme points are determined for univalent functions with positive coefficients.
Heritage Tourism Development Strategy in Sekanak Market Area of Palembang City
Authors:   Magister of Tourism Planning at the School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development (SAPPD) ITB, Putri Vania Okky , Pratiwi Wiwik Dwi ,   Lecturer of Development Management and Policy Development, School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development (SAPPD) ITB
Published: June 2021

Sekanak Market Area is one of the historical areas in Palembang City which is identical to the heritage buildings of Sultanate and Colonial. Many potential cultures and histories should be conserved by developing them as tourist destinations. It is supported by Palembang Mayor Regulation Number 48 of 2015 regarding the Arrangement Plan for Heritage Area of Palembang City. This study focuses on heritage tourism development strategy formulation based on five aspects of tourist destination development (attraction, accessibility, amenity, accommodation, and ancillary). The study utilised quantitative description method. The data collected through observation, interviews, questioner, and related official documents. The results indicate that Sekanak Market Area needs the provision, improvement, and also development. The study proposed development strategies includes: (1) Conservation, attraction, and culture-experience components development, (2) Heritage tourism facilities provision including information and interpretation, street furniture, sanitation, accommodation, parking, finance, and souvenir center, (3) Human resources improvement which covers the community development and education, (4) Sense of place improvement by raising the local wisdom, and (5) Tourism accessibility development which in addition to the arrangement also requires the formation of tourist traditional transportation with its bases.
Stellung und Bedeutung des EuGH im Austrittsabkommen zwischen der Europäischen Union und dem Vereinigten Königreich
Authors: Hirt Frederike
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Bedeutung des Gerichtshofs der Europäischen Union im Austrittsabkommen zwischen dem Vereinigten Königreich und der Europäischen Union während und nach der Übergangsphase. Die Stellung des Gerichtshofs der Europäischen Union war während der Aushandlung des Abkommens noch hoch umstritten; nun ist es still geworden. Angesichts der weitreichenden Befugnisse mag das überraschen. Das Austrittsabkommen entscheidet sich für ein abgestuftes System an auslaufenden Zuständigkeiten, die je nach Bezugspunkt unterschiedlich intensiv ausgestaltet sind. Häufig wird auf die Befugnisse aus dem AEUV zurückgegriffen, sodass die Stellung des Gerichtshofs der aus den Verträgen sehr ähnelt. Letztendlich wird auch betrachtet, welche Rolle der Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union bei der Einleitung einer möglichst engen Partnerschaft zwischen dem Vereinigten Königreich und der Europäischen Union spielen kann.
Re-Addressing the Harmonisation of European Takeover Law post-Brexit
Authors: Ruf Lars
Published: June 2021

The EU Takeover Directive from 2004 has attempted to harmonise Takeover Law within the European Union. The UK’s legal framework governing takeovers served as somewhat of a role model for it. Therefore, Brexit gives rise to the question as to whether the Directive could undergo a reform within the foreseeable future. This paper aims to re-address the harmonisation of European Takeover Law post-Brexit by examining how UK and US Takeover Law could potentially influence its reform. It will be made apparent how the UK’s role in European Takeover Law suggests that Brexit might actually lead to its reform, which is most likely going to drive the respective legal frameworks further apart. Another significant finding concerns the comparability of the US and EU governmental system, which indicates that the foreseeable development of European Takeover Law could be prone to issues which appear in the US. In order to overcome several difficulties that European Takeover Law will face, the paper makes two recommendations. With regard to a regulatory reform at the current state of research, the EU should take a neutral approach by providing companies with an optional framework governing Takeover Law. In order to determine which provisions are desirable for the creation of shareholder value, it is submitted that further research in this field should be encouraged. a
Nachversicherung des ausgeschiedenen Beamten und Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit – Entschädigungs- oder Ausgleichsanspruch
Authors: Hahn Rudolf
Published: June 2021

Die Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit steht im Spannungsverhältnis zu nationalen, wirtschaftlichen Interessen der EU-Mitgliedstaaten. In einer Entscheidung des Europäischen Gerichtshofes vom 13.7.2016 (C-187/15 - Pöpperl) hatte er erneut die Bedeutung der Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit betont und nationalen Einschränkungen bei der Altersversorgung gegenüber freiwillig ausgeschiedenen Beamten, die anschließend in einem anderen EU-Mitgliedstaat eine Tätigkeit ausüben, eine Absage erteilt. Das Ausgangsgericht, das Verwaltungsgericht Düsseldorf, hatte daraufhin in einer Entscheidung vom 26.2.2018 (Az. 23 K 6871/13) dem Beamten einen Ausgleichsbetrag für den Verlust der Altersversorgung aus Art. 45 AEUV zugesprochen. Das Berufungsgericht, das OVG Nordrhein-Westfalen, änderte das Urteil ab und verpflichtete den ehemaligen Dienstherren, eine angemessene Entschädigung zu zahlen aufgrund eines unionsrechtlichen Staatshaftungsanspruchs. Der Artikel gibt zunächst den zugrundeliegenden Sachverhalt und die Argumentation des EuGH wieder. Anschließend wird die weitere Entwicklung, insbesondere zum zugesprochenen Ersatzanspruch beim Verwaltungs- und Oberverwaltungsgericht näher analysiert. Der Autor zeigt die einzelnen Problembereiche auf und diskutiert Lösungsvorschläge. Es gibt noch viele offene, ungelöste Fragen, die jedoch nichts daran ändern, dass der EuGH nicht von seiner eingeschlagenen Linie der strikten Wahrung der uneingeschränkten Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit abweichen wird.
Illegal Addictive Substances among Prison Inmates in the Czech Republic
Authors: Vrtalová Petra , Hrinko Martin , Palička David
Published: June 2021

The paper describes illegal substance abuse by inmates in prisons in the Czech Republic and gives the readers information about the results of initial research on this hardly avoidable issue. The paper brings interesting findings in this field and describes new ways of prevention and treatment, which is dealt with by prison directorates not only in the Czech Republic.
The Safe Evolution of Liposuction into Liposculpture
Authors: Juma Ali , Hayek Jamil , Davies Simon
Published: June 2021

Liposuction was described in the 1920s & popularised in 1977 by Illouz. He developed smaller diameter blunt cannulas. To add safety he also developed the wet technique to reduce blood loss. Tumescent anaesthesia described by Klein in 1987 made large volume liposuction safer allowing for more refined body contouring through significantly minimising blood loss. Liposuction journey started as mechanical debulking that evolved over the last 4 decades into a refined high definition body contouring and proportioning surgery, thus making sculpturing a shape of figurine possible. To achieve such high definition body sculpting technology including Laser, and Vaser not only added safety, however, they also achieved outcomes that cannot be matched with the older methods of liposuction, under local anaesthesia. In this chapter we aspire to discuss the journey of how liposuction evolved into body contouring surgery with large volume lipo-aspirates yet more safely.
Diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Liquid Biopsy Highlighting a Fluorescence-in-situ-Hybridization Circulating Tumor Cell Approach
Authors: Ye Xin , Zheng Yang Xiao , Carbone Roberta , Barshack Iris , L. Katz Ruth
Published: June 2021

Lung cancer (LC), is the most common and lethal cancer worldwide. It affects both sexes and in its early stages is clinically silent, until it reaches a more advanced stage, when it becomes highly incurable. In order to improve the high mortality associated with LC there has been an urgent need for screening high risk patients by low dose CT scan (LDCT) for the early detection of small resectable malignant tumors. However, while highly sensitive to detect small lung nodules, LDCT is non-specific, resulting in a compelling need for a complementary diagnostic tool. For example, a non-invasive blood test or liquid biopsy, (LB), could prove quite useful to confirm a diagnosis of malignancy prior to definitive therapy. With the advent of LB becoming increasingly clinically accepted in the diagnosis and management of LC, there has been an explosion of publications highlighting new technologies for the isolation of and detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell free tumor DNA (cfDNA). The enormous potential for LB to play an important role in the diagnosis and management of LC to obtain valuable diagnostic information via an approach that may yield equivalent information to a surgical biopsy, regarding the presence of cancer and its molecular landscape is described.
Skyrmions in Thin Films, Interfaces and Antiferromagnetism
Authors: Kumar Rajagopal Rajesh
Published: June 2021

Magnetic skyrmions are small whirling topological defects in a texture magnetization state. Their stabilization and dynamics depend strongly on their topological properties. Skyrmions are induced by non-centrosymmetric crystal structure of magnetic compounds and thin films. Skyrmions are extremely small, with diameters in the nanometer range, and behave as particles that can be created, moved and annihilated. This makes them suitable for information storage and logic technologies. Skyrmions had been observed only at low temperature, and mostly under large applied magnetic fields. An intense research in this field has led to the identification of skyrmions in thin-film and multilayer structures in these heterostrutres skyrmions are able to survive at room temperature and can be manipulated by electrical currents. Utilizing interlayer magnetic exchange bias with synthetic antiferromagnet with can be used to isolated antiferromagnetic skyrmions at room temperature. The development of skyrmion-based topological spintronics holds promise for applications in the writing, processing and reading functionalities at room temperature and can be extended further to all-electrical manipulation spintronics.
Current Updates on Global Phytoceuticals and Novel Phyto Drug Delivery System in Herbal Medicine
Authors: Sreenathkumar Selvakumari
Published: June 2021

The acceptance of the herbal drugs globally is increased in the modern era, is due to its potent active molecules and also its usage as excipients from natural origin in the pharmaceutical industries is remarkable. Due to complex structure, poor solubility, instability and lacuna in the standardization protocol, there is always a hindrance in the usage of herbal medicine at par with modern drugs. The formulation of phytomedicine in the area of Novel drug delivery system should be focused in basic research and also in the clinical trials, to overcome the solubility and bioavailability challenges in the phytoceuticals. This chapter gives the in-depth perception of phytomolecules, formulated in the domain of novel drug delivery system, especially in nano dosage forms in specific to nano-emulsion, methods of formulation, challenges in formulating nano-emulsion including characterization techniques, colon specific drug carriers and the usage of excipients from natural origin in formulation of modern drugs in the pharmaceutical industries globally.
Tropical Subterranean Ecosystems in Mexico, Guatemala and Belize: A Review of Aquatic Biodiversity and Their Ecological Aspects
Authors: M. Mejía-Ortíz Luis , Sprouse Peter , C. Tejeda-Mazariegos Juan , Valladarez Jair , Frausto-Martínez Oscar , L. Collantes-Chavez-Costa Alejandro , Ruíz-Cancino Guillermo , Yáñez German
Published: June 2021

The subterranean ecosystems in tropical areas of Mexico, North of Guatemala & Belize are very abundant because the karstic soil that allow these formations are the main composition in the Yucatán Peninsula and several mountains systems in these countries; also, they have a strong relationship with tropical forest adjacent where the main energy into the caves have an alloctonous origin. In these three countries there are three different cave conditions: a) freshwater semi-dry caves, b) flooded freshwater systems and c) anchialine systems. Mainly crustaceans and freshwater fishes are the major representative group in the aquatic diversity in these systems because the anchialine members are restricted to Yucatán Peninsula and Islands adjacent. Around 5000 entries to subterranean world there are among these countries, where the Yucatan Peninsula is the area with major caves or cenotes in comparison with southern of Mexico, North of Guatemala and Belize. Into these systems are possible found crustaceans and fishes from different families. The objective of this paper is present a review of these systems according with each karstic areas and show the current map including the location of each systems; as well their subterranean aquatic biodiversity and, finally discuss the relationships among these different areas using their biological aquatic richness in consideration with ecological subterranean conditions.
Cost-Effective Interfaces with Arduino-LabVIEW for an IOT-Based Remote Monitoring Application
Authors: Asraf Hairuddin Muhammad , Dalila Khirul Ashar Nur , Faiz Zainal Abidin Amar , Md Tahir Nooritawati
Published: June 2021

To date, research efforts have demonstrated the stimulated need for the Internet of Things (IoT) based monitoring device in their laboratory. The benefits of remote laboratories in overcoming time constraints and the disadvantages of usability of conventional laboratories are well known. In addition to the current control engineering laboratories, a remote lab that incorporates an industry-relevant method has been established to assist in the understanding of data acquisition with cost-effective platform integration. However, one of the greatest challenges is the creation of a low-cost and user-friendly remote laboratory experiment that is ideal for interacting with the actual laboratory via a mobile device. The main objective of this work is therefore to build a remote laboratory system based on the IoT using the LabVIEW-Arduino interface with the example of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) tuning scheme for the LD-Didactic temperature plant. The practical work would include the implementation of the low-cost Arduino module connecting the actual plant to mobile devices. In addition, interfaces have been built using the Blynk application to allow communication between the end user and the laboratory equipment. In line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0), the proposed study structure called for the digitization of the current laboratory experiment method.
Social Supports Available to Persons with Disabilities in Nigeria
Authors: Onalu Chinyere , Nwafor Nneka
Published: June 2021

Disability entails more than the mere physical deformity such as stroke; however, a disability could manifest in different forms; mental, emotional, sensory and intellectual disability among others. People with disability are faced with a lot of challenges and they experience depression, isolation and social exclusion which were explained in studies from the natural and behavioral sciences. Also, Social workers and Psychologists alike have often discussed the importance of social inclusion and social support for people living with a disability. Social support helps to reduce psychological stress, enhance the quality of life and achieve social inclusion. Lack of social support increases the risk of depression, social exclusion, maladaptive behaviors and mortality. In this paper, we will give a thorough explanation of Social support and its forms. We emphasized the influence of neurobiology, personality features, social system and perception on who gets social support and to what extent. The paper also discussed Nigeria’s perceptions of disability and the social support networks in Nigeria, using vast literature. From literature, social supports are of different kinds however, this paper emphasized the need for functional social support which entails changing negative perceptions about disability. In other words, social support should not be just assisting the individual to access their immediate needs but should entail involving them in decision making – social inclusion.
Opportunity of Non-Wood Forest Products in Biocomposites
Authors: Sharma Pradeep
Published: June 2021

In recent years industries are attempting to decrease their dependency on petroleum-based fuels and products due to increased environmental issues. The tremendous increase in production and use of plastics in every sector of life has led to huge plastic waste disposal problems and also an environmental threat. In order to prevail over the present scenario, the viable and cost-effective approaches are to prepare eco-friendly bio-composites based on non-wood forest products (NWFP), a part of forest wealth of the globe, especially natural fibres, agricultural wastes and extractives. Natural fibres and extractives have many advantages viz. low density, low cost, considerable toughness properties, nontoxicity, sustainability and biodegradability. NWFP based composites may be utilized to produce non-structural parts for diverse applications in various industries as high-performance materials with interesting properties for specific applications viz. furniture, thermal, acoustic insulations and automotive industries etc. In the present chapter, opportunities of extractives, cellulosic and lignocellulosic fibres from non-wood forest products in Bio-composites will be discussed.
A Globally Significant Potential Megascale Geopark: The Eastern Australian Mantle Hotspot Interacting with a North-Migrating Heterogeneous Continental Plate Creating a Variety of Volcano Types, Magmas, Xenoliths, and Xenocrysts
Authors: Semeniuk Vic , Brocx Margaret
Published: June 2021

Australia commenced separating from Antarctica some 85 million years ago, finally separating about 33 million years ago, and has been migrating northwards towards the Eurasian plate during that time. In the process, Australia, on its eastern side, progressively passed over a mantle hotspot. A magma plume intersected a variable lithocrust with various lithologic packages such as Phanerozoic sedimentary basins, fold belts and metamorphic terranes, and Precambrian rocks. As such, there was scope for compositional evolution of magmas through melting and assimilation, as well as plucking of host rocks to include xenoliths, and xenocrysts. The volcanic chain, volcanoes, and lava fields that are spread latitudinally along 2000 km of eastern Australia present a globally-significant volcanic system that provides insights into magma and crust interactions, into the variability of xenoliths and xenocrysts, into magma evolution dependent on setting, and into the mantle story of the Earth. The Cosgrove Volcano Chain is an example of this, and stands as a globally-unique potential megascale geopark.
Potential and Opportunities of Agroforestry Practices in Combating Land Degradation
Authors: Mohan Singh Tomar Jag , Ahmed Akram , A. Bhat Jahangeer , Kaushal Rajesh , Shukla Gopal , kumar Raj
Published: June 2021

Agroforestry an established practice for centuries is the deliberate combination of perennials with food crops and/or livestock either simultaneously or sequentially. Agroforestry systems are bio-diverse and are associated in numerous ways for combating desertification and mitigating climate change. Agroforestry practice is a possible way of reducing deforestation and forest degradation and can alleviate resource-use pressure on natural conservation areas. Among many other reasons responsible for climate change, our traditional approaches towards forest management have failed thereby giving way to a drastic climate change, which slowly but has indeed harbingered the cataclysmic future that awaits us if we do not act now. This paper thus acquaints the readers with the role of agroforestry in mitigating the soil erosion, rehabilitation of degraded lands, improving water conservation and replenishment of soil fertility. Besides, the role of agroforestry in improving the soil health and overall ecosystem has also been discussed. This paper furthermore, attempts to recognize the role that agroforestry can play in mitigating the repercussions of climate change apart from improving natural resource sustainability and future food security issues.
Oil Palm Agroforestry as an Alternative towards Inclusive Oil Palm Production
Authors: Susanti Ari , Marhaento Hero , Riyanto Slamet , Budi Permadi Dwiko , Budiadi  , Ali Imron Muhammad , Ardiansyah Fiqri , Hadi Nurjanto Handojo , Susanto Denni , Ridho Darmawati , Maimunah Siti , Irawan Bambang , Vero Viktoria , Bakhtiar Irfan , Suradiredja Diah
Published: June 2021

Oil palm has been widely adopted and cultivated as monoculture plantations in Indonesia. Research suggests that these monoculture practices have led to adverse impacts both on natural and human systems and smallholder farmers have been severely impacted by these unsustainable practices. This chapter aims to analyze how oil palm agroforestry (OPAF) has been adopted by smallholder farmers in the Jambi and Central Kalimantan provinces of Indonesia as part of the social forestry (SF) program to solve the tenure-related conflict in the designated forest areas which are disturbed by monoculture oil palm plantations managed by smallholder farmers. This chapter shows that although oil palm is widely adopted as monoculture plantations for the sake of high yielding, smallholder farmers tend to adopt OPAF to maintain the stability of household incomes amidst the uncertainty of oil palm price in the global market and secure their tenurial access to the designated forest lands. Their perception of OPAF is influenced by their knowledge and determines their decision in adopting OPAF. However, peer pressure and external supports also play important roles in accelerating the adoption of OPAF. More efforts on evidence and knowledge production, communication with stakeholders, and expert backstopping are needed to accelerate the adoption of OPAF.
Use of Transforms in Biomedical Signal Processing and Analysis
Authors: Harikrishna Ette , Ashoka Reddy Komalla
Published: June 2021

Biomedical signals like electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmographic (PPG) and blood pressure were very low frequency signals and need to be processed for further diagnosis and clinical monitoring. Transforms like Fourier transform (FT) and Wavelet transform (WT) were extensively used in literature for processing and analysis. In my research work, Fourier and wavelet transforms were utilized to reduce motion artifacts from PPG signals so as to produce correct blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) values. In an important contribution we utilized FT for generation of reference signal for adaptive filter based motion artifact reduction eliminating additional sensor for acquisition of reference signal. Similarly we utilized the transforms for other biomedical signals.
Convalescent Plasma Immunotherapy - A Possible Mitigation Strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Manikandan Rajendran , Singh Mithilesh , Chander Vishal , Kumar Sharma Gaurav , Bindu Suresh , Dinesh Murali
Published: June 2021

Recently, a newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19). More than 10 million confirmed cases and 503,867 associated deaths of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported worldwide to WHO in the end of July 2020. According to WHO guidelines, there is no effective therapy available for treating devastating SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, lack of evidence for appropriate treatment and vaccines has led to the re-emergence of convalescent plasma (CP) immunotherapy. Herein, we discuss the historical perspectives of CP against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, H1N1 pandemic and mainly the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with respect to neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). A brief possible clinical protocol for CP transfusion with its adverse effects and limitation were also highlighted. It is concluded that, CP transfusion with high neutralizing antibody titer administered in early course of disease significantly improved clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients by reducing morbidity and mortality. Thus, CP immunotherapy is considered as noteworthy candidate to be further re-evaluated as a most suitable therapeutic option against SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
The Role of miR-107 in Prostate Cancer: A Review and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Elizbeth Alvarez-Sanchez Maria , Rojas Espinosa Oscar , César Torres-Romero Julio , Ameyatzin Robles Chávez Ereth , Estrella-Parra Edgar , Dolores Ponce Regalado María , Aragón Franco Raúl , Gadú Campos Saucedo Jose , López-Camarillo Cesar , Camacho Nuez Minerva , Fernández Sánchez Verónica
Published: June 2021

Over the past two decades, several research groups have focused on the functioning of microRNAs (miRNAs), because many of them function as positive or negative endogenous regulators of processes that alter during the development of cancer. Prostate cancer is the second most commonly occurring cancer in men. New biomarkers are needed to support the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Although it is necessary to deepen the research on this molecule to explore its potential utility in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of cancer, our results support a role of miR-107 in the signaling cascades that allow cancer progression, and as shown here, in the progression of Prostate Cancer (PCa). These findings strongly suggest that miR-107 may be a potential circulating biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.
Using Simulation Modeling for Finding the Limits of Economic Development Lending without a Financial Crisis
Authors: V. Vasylenko Yuriy
Published: June 2021

The only existing approach to analyze the impact of excessive credit on the economy is based on statistics. Its main drawback is small intervals of changes in countries’ indicators, limited by current values. So researchers cannot notice how too much credit causes a financial crisis. To eliminate this and other shortcomings of the statistical approach, the author proposes a different approach: to use for such an analysis an economic model in which one can change credit levels. The most adequate model is a causal simulation model that reflects the main types of legal and shadow economic activity in their relationship. The author has developed such a model. This model showed that the level of loans 25% of output (51.8% of GDP), could create Ukraine’s financial crisis. Since loans are mainly used for investment, the author introduced the concept of the technical productivity of investment to link them with the technical progress, and with GDP growth. The technical productivity of investment measures their ability to reduce the rate of material or labor costs. Besides, the introduction of an indicator of technical productivity of investment made it possible to obtain an analytical dependence of the rate of economic growth on the level of loans and technical productivity of investment.
In the Darkness of This Time: Wittgenstein and Freud on Uncertainty
Authors: Lemberger Dorit
Published: June 2021

Both Wittgenstein and Freud experienced the crisis of humanism resulting from the first and second world wars. Although they were both considered to be influential figures, they hardly investigated the ways in which people could cope with the consequences of these crises. However, Wittgenstein and Freud did suggest ways of understanding uncertainties caused by real life events, as well as by the nature of human thought processes. This article will explore the therapeutic ways of dealing with uncertainties common to both thinkers and the different concepts facilitating their methodologies. The central contention of this article is that both Wittgenstein and Freud developed a complex methodology, acknowledging the constant and unexpected changes humans have deal with, whilst also offering the possibility of defining “hinge propositions” and “language-games” which can stabilize our consciousness.
Role of Immunity in Pathogenesis of Psychosis
Authors: Abdelghaffar Wafa , Sidhom Oussama , Laadhar Lilia , Rafrafi Rym
Published: June 2021

The involvement of immunity in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and related psychoses was suspected a century ago but was shadowed by the dopaminergic hypothesis after the discovery of antipsychotics. We currently know that this latter theory has many limits and cannot account for the wide variety of psychotic conditions. The immune-inflammatory theory is now one of the most promising axes of research in terms of pathogenesis of several mental health conditions. Immunity and inflammation play a role at least in a subgroup of patients with psychosis. The immune system is complex with a variety of components and mediators that can all have effects on the brain and thus mediate psychiatric symptoms. In this chapter we will explore the scientific evidence of the role of immune system in pathophysiology of psychosis. The sections of this chapter will discuss the role of innate system components (cytokines, microglia, inflammation.), the role of adaptive system (lymphocytes and antibodies) with a section focusing on auto-immunity and particularly antineuronal antibodies. Finally we will discuss how this research can impact patients management and elaborate recommendations for future research.
Pemphigus Vegetans of Neumann Type on Lip: A Case Report
Authors: Gosavi Anil P , Chavan Ravindranath Brahmadeo , Shriniwas Ambike Jheel , Deshmukh Nitika S.
Published: June 2021

: Pemphigus is a chronic autoimmune vesiculobullous disease caused by autoantibodies directed against desmogleins (Dsgs). Pemphigus vegetans is a rare variant of pemphigus vulgaris, characterized by vegetative plaques, primarily occurring in flexures. It is a less common disease and involves the skin and mucosa due to disintegration of cellular adherence (acantholysis), resulting in intradermal split. We report this case of pemphigus vegetans of Neumann type for its rare presentation. We report a case of pemphigus vegetans, involving lips in a middle-aged female and sparing flexural areas. This patient was diagnosed on the basis of histopathology and treated successfully with intralesional steroids, resulting in the resolution of her plaques.
The Freedom Machine
Authors: Martin Remi ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: June 2021

If you could have a tool always whispering in your ear the best choices, would you use it? Is being the best version of yourself the point of life? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Kiki has a problem, the computer program that continually whispers the best choices, the Infinity System, is broken. She has been using it for years and simply doing what it says. Following its advice has become second nature to her. She heads into the shop to get it looked at, and finds out it must be sent off for repairs. She will be making choices on her own for a few days. The friendly “Mastermind” service representative at the shop asks her out on a date. Without her Infinity System giving her advice, she decides to take a chance and say yes. She ends up getting drunk and sleeping with him. When she heads into the store to check to see if her Infinity System is repaired, she sees the same “Mastermind” using the same pickup lines on a new woman. She storms out. Finally, after several lost days, her repaired Infinity System is repaired and sent to her house. Now she is stuck with the final decision, will she start using it again?