bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kalman Filter-Based Data Stabilization for an Automated Water Quality Monitoring System in Macrobrachium Rosenbergii Larvae Culture
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Ramli M. H. M.
Published: November 2024

Manual monitoring and management of water quality parameters in Macrobrachium Rosenbergii (freshwater prawn) larval culture are labourintensive, time-consuming, and susceptible to human error. This research aims to develop and evaluate an automated water quality monitoring system for freshwater prawn larval culture, with a specific emphasis on data stabilization. An ESP32 microcontroller is implemented to allow remote communication using an internet connection. The system continuously monitors critical parameters using sensors such as temperature, pH, turbidity, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), facilitating remote real-time data acquisition. The Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) publish-subscribe protocol is employed for seamless communication between the microcontroller and the monitoring dashboard. A Kalman filter is integrated into the system, enabling real-time sensor noise reduction and dynamic adaptation to changes. The filtered data are displayed remotely using a Node-RED dashboard with graphical representations. The implementation of the ESP32 microcontroller with the MQTT protocol and Node-RED has proven to be a robust platform for seamless data communication and presentation. Integration of the Kalman Filter significantly mitigates fluctuations in sensor readings. This is further proven by comparisons of the filtered data with known-good sensors, which have shown minimal to acceptable error percentages between 1% - 8.5%, where the error can mainly be attributed to environmental factors. Overall, this study has established a framework that can contribute to improving aquaculture practices and promoting environmental sustainability infreshwater prawn culture operations. The validated system provides valuable insights that assist farmers in facilitating a more efficient prawn culture operation.
AI-Enhanced Generative Design for Efficient Heat Exchangers in Thermoelectric Generators: Revolutionizing Waste Heat Recovery in Thermoelectricity
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Bhathal Singh Baljit Singh
Published: November 2024

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) offer the potential for converting waste heat into electricity, but their efficiency, particularly at low temperatures, remains inadequate. Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers (PFHEs) in TEG systems are not fully optimized, resulting in limited efficiency and applicability. The low conversion efficiency of TEGs means only a small fraction of waste heat is utilized, posing challenges to their long-term viability. While Genetic Algorithms (GAs) have shown promise in optimizing heat exchanger designs, advanced methods like Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) have yet to be fully applied for PFHE TEG design. This study addresses these challenges by using NSGA-II, combined with a semi-empirical model, to optimize PFHE design in TEG systems. The optimization focuses on refining fin design parameters such as number, width, and height while adhering toconstraints on fin area and pressure drop. The optimized design achieved a 3.94% increase in output power and a 1.72% increase in efficiency at 373.15 K, with conversion efficiency rising by 154.74% and maximum output power by 549.64% at 428.15 K. In conclusion, this research bridges the gap by applying NSGA-II to enhance PFHE design in TEGs, significantly improving performance and sustainability. Future work will explore alternative models and further optimization to achieve even higher efficiencies.
Optimization of Spot Weld Joining Parameters for Dissimilar Plate Materials through Finite Element Model Updating and Response Surface Methodology
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah,26600 Pekan, Pahang, MALAYSIA, Sani M.S.M.
Published: November 2024

The utilization of dissimilar materials in manufacturing processes, especially in the automotive and aerospace industries, offers substantial benefits such as weight reduction, improved fuel efficiency, and enhanced mechanical properties. However, the optimization of spot welds for these dissimilar materials presents significant challenges due to their diverse physical and chemical properties. This research seeks to optimize the input properties of finite element models (FEM) for spot welding dissimilar plates by utilizing model updating and response surface methodology (RSM). These techniques refine the computational models to more accurately reflect experimental data. Correlation techniques were used to compare Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA), revealing that CWELD has a 1.21% higher correlation compared to CBAR and CBEAM. Despite this, CWELD was chosen for the updating process due to its similarity with the actual joining structure. Subsequent Finite Element Model Updating(FEMU) effectively reduced the error in natural frequency prediction from 6.87% to 4.04%. Additionally, the RSM approach successfully optimized the structural design variables, achieving a desirability rate of 0.972 and showing a significant reduction in percentage error to 5.02% from 6.87%. This study offers valuable insights into the effective enhancement of dynamic properties for dissimilar plate structures, highlighting the importance of both optimization techniques in achieving superior accuracy in structural analysis and design.
IMPLEMENTASI TEORI VIKTIMOLOGI PADA HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Rumapea Mazmur Septian , Sari Defitrie Nathania , Sijabat Jecyka Cklaudya , Putri Twinkle Suwarna
Published: November 2024

Victimology is a research or insight related to victims and their elements, which is a derivative of criminology. The main point related is the impact of a crime that causes victims and suffers losses. The purpose of this study is to find out about the regulation of the theory of victimology in Indonesian criminal law and to find out its implementation. This study uses a qualitative self-research procedure. This research is described descriptively and directed using data source analysis. In this research the collection of information used is secondary data, in which the data comes from various collections of journals. The results of the research show that the regulation of victimology in Indonesian Criminal Law regarding the protection of victims is still universal because it has been stated in various laws. Also the implementation of victimology in Indonesian Criminal Law has been well implemented, although it has not been realized as it should be as regulated in Indonesian law.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PENANGANAN KASUS KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI KEPOLISIAN RESOR KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Putri Chalisna Paristiana , Pratiwi Dian Esti
Published: November 2024

Settlement of traffic accident cases through restorative justice at the Surakarta’s Police Resort Department as an alternative to the criminal justice system because it is considered more effective, efficient and does not take as long as the process in court. In fact, the application of restorative justice does not yet have specific laws and regulations and the public does not clearly understand the settlement of cases by implementing restorative justice. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation and obstacles of restorative justice in handling traffic accident cases at the Surakarta’s Police Resort Department. This type of research is empirical research with data collection techniques through interviews. The research data analysis technique used the deduction method. The results of this study indicate that the Surakarta’s Police Resort Department Police in implementing restorative justice has done well because the majority of traffic accident cases are resolved using the restorative justice system. However, there are two obstacles in its implementation, namely from the factor of legal substance and the factor of society, especially cybercitizen.
ANALISA CYBERCRIME PENCURIAN DATA PRIBADI MODUS APLIKASI PINJAMAN ONLINE DAN DIGITAL BANKING
Authors: Sugiarto Evan , Oscar Vincentius , Simanungkalit Dewi Sartika
Published: November 2024

These technological advances have resulted in tremendous efficiency for the economy. Financial institutions have changed approaches and practices. His financial business. However, rapid technological progress has resulted in negative consequences, such as an increase in more sophisticated cyber crimes. This research aims to examine technology-based crimes involving data theft using online lending and digital banking modes. This research uses a normative juridical type with data collection using literature studies, as well as correlative analysis. The results of this research show that criminals collaborate with financial service institutions. Using sophisticated information technology and computers to steal client online loan application data. Financial service institutions usually only commit document falsification, embezzlement and corruption as victims. Efforts to prevent these crimes include the ITE Law which regulates formal cyber crimes.
JAMINAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM ATAS KELEBIHAN HASIL LELANG BARANG JAMINAN
Authors: Respati Firmananta , Noor Erma Zahro
Published: November 2024

This study concludes that increasing customer awareness of their rights and improving the valuation process is crucial for enhancing the auction system's transparency and fairness. PT Pegadaian is recommended to strengthen its customer education efforts, collaborate with independent appraisers, and review its policies to ensure better customer rights protection. This research aims to explore the legal certainty regarding the surplus from the sale of collateral auctioned at PT Pegadaian, using a qualitative approach. The data collection methods include literature review, interviews with auction creditors, direct observation of the auction process, and document analysis. The thematic analysis approach is used to analyze the data. Data from interviews, observations, and document analysis are organized and categorized into relevant themes. The research reveals that PT Pegadaian implements an internal policy that ensures the return of the auction surplus to customers after the loan principal and administrative fees are settled. However, many customers are unaware of their rights concerning this auction surplus. Additionally, challenges arise in the auction announcement process and the appraisal of collateral, which often does not reflect market prices. The study concludes that increasing customer awareness of their rights and improving the appraisal process is essential for enhancing the transparency and fairness of the auction system.
PROSES PENUNTUTAN TERHADAP PEMENUHAN RESTITUSI BAGI KORBAN ANAK PELECEHAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Kholim Fellicia Angelica , Firmansyah Hery
Published: November 2024

The existence of the Republic of Indonesia Attorney General's Law to oversee the role of public prosecutors in overseeing the fulfillment of restitution for children as victims. Also, the existence of Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 43 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Restitution for Children Who Are Victims of Criminal Acts in ensuring the overall implementation of restitution. This is important to conduct a study because there are problems in its implementation, such as the lack of knowledge of victims regarding their rights to obtain restitution as a form of recovery for the suffering they have experienced. This study uses a normative research method with the approach used being the statute approach with the data sources used being secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and non-legal legal materials. The results of the study show the manifestation of restitution for child victims, there is an institution called the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) which explains that there are 3 (three) types of compensation obtained for victims, namely Article 7A of Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning Witness and Victim Protection contains compensation for loss of wealth, compensation for suffering as a result of criminal acts, and/or reimbursement of medical and/or psychological care costs. The role of the public prosecutor in overseeing the prosecution process for the fulfillment of restitution in cases of child sexual abuse is very important to achieve comprehensive justice for the victim. The public prosecutor has an important role in handling cases of child sexual abuse by ensuring that the perpetrator receives an appropriate punishment in order to provide a deterrent effect.
POLA BANTUAN HUKUM DALAM MENCEGAH TERJADINYA TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Nasution Rasina Padeni
Published: November 2024

The legal aid model is an effort to ensure that every citizen, especially those who are less fortunate, has access to justice. This study aims to describe the implementation of the legal aid models employed by legal aid institutions to prevent sexual violence crimes in the city of Medan. The research method used is empirical juridical research, which examines the law based on facts in society and considers the function of the law. The analysis technique employed is descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that the implementation of the structural legal aid model (BHS) by LBH Medan and the structural gender legal aid model (BHGS) by LBH APIK are effective models in providing legal protection by expanding access to justice for victims. These models focus on recovery and the enhancement of premium services based on an approach to justice that not only aims to resolve cases through legal channels but also strives to change unjust social structures due to power relations, aiming towards more equal social relations and a gender perspective. The conclusion of this study indicates that the implementation of BHS by LBH Medan and BHGS by LBH APIK plays a significant role in both preventive and repressive efforts to prevent and address sexual violence in the city of Medan. These models also serve as solutions in synergizing stakeholders in advocating for sexual violence cases in the city of Medan.
PELINDUNGAN HUKUM KREDITUR ATAS PERLAWANAN EKSEKUSI HAK TANGGUNGAN OLEH PIHAK KETIGA
Authors: Jannah Rizki Nurul , Siregar Mahmul , Sukarja Detania
Published: November 2024

The existence of a counterclaim from a third party claiming ownership of the collateral is one of several challenges that are sometimes faced in implementing mortgage rights. The following analysis uses the case between PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk with a third party (Henny Susanti, et al.) as the main discussion to examine the bank's rejection of the implementation of mortgage rights obtained by the third party. With this case analysis, it is hoped that the decision ratio used by the panel of judges can be studied in depth. This research uses legislative and case methods to provide normative and prescriptive legal research. The results of this research result in the conclusion that the regulation of the burden of third party land rights used as collateral for the bank's mortgage rights is equivalent to the burden of the collateral provided by the debtor. The bank can file a police report against the party who misuses the credit application process, and the bank can also file a civil lawsuit as a creditor with mortgage rights who has been harmed by the bank's negligence in determining the mortgage rights of a third party. In its legal analysis, the Panel of Judges at the Tangerang District Court prioritized formal elements. This does not apply to the Panel of Judges who have applied positive law correctly at the appeal, cassation and PK levels.
Evolving higher education: Socioformation impact on quality assurance in the knowledge society era
Authors: Aguilar-Esteva Verónica , Acosta-Banda Adán , Patiño Ortiz Miguel , Carreño Aguilera Ricardo
Published: November 2024

This study assesses the implementation of socioformation in Public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Mexico, exploring its impact on the quality of education in the knowledge society. With a sample of 150 educators, gender-balanced (44.7% female, 55.3% male), and an average age of 43.7 years, the research employed a validated socioformative rubric. Significant progress was observed in analytical and creative thinking, while areas related to living conditions and entrepreneurship education showed slower development. The findings highlight the advancements in socioformation but advocate for further research, including classroom observation and student evidence collection. Gender differences, communication, and leadership emerged as critical factors influencing socioformation implementation. Women demonstrated deeper comprehension of the educational model, willingness to adopt innovative strategies, and emphasis on socioformation axes. As educators gain experience, their adaptability to new pedagogical approaches increases. The study underscores the universal relevance of effective communication, leadership, and stakeholder involvement in successful educational model implementation. The research contributes valuable insights, emphasizing the importance of openness to new approaches and collaboration to prepare students for the challenges of the evolving knowledge society.
Harmonizing tourism growth with environmental stewardship: The impact of institutional quality
Authors: Hao Huijun
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of tourism and institutional quality on environmental preservation, utilizing principal component analysis to generate three composite indices of environmental sustainability for 134 countries from 2002 to 2020. The results reveal that environmental sustainability indices have generally improved in lower- and middle-income nations but have declined in certain high-income countries. The findings also underscore the critical role of institutional quality—particularly regulatory standards, government effectiveness, anti-corruption efforts, and adherence to legal frameworks—in promoting environmental sustainability. However, the study shows that both domestic and international tourism expenditures can have adverse effects on environmental sustainability. Notably, these negative effects are exacerbated in countries with well-developed institutions, which is an unexpected outcome. This highlights the need for careful, thoughtful policymaking to ensure that the tourism sector supports sustainable development, rather than undermining environmental objectives.
Fitting method of spinning projectile tri-orthogonal geomagnetic output based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: He Zilu , Liu Yiji , Liang Qi , He Yundong , Chen Xin , Bu Xiongzhu , Xu Miaomiao
Published: November 2024

Obtaining the characteristics at a characteristic point of the outputs is a key step to the geomagnetic attitude measurement method of the spinning projectile. However, actual outputs usually have some noise that causes the characteristic points to deviate from the theoretical position or produce multiple fake characteristic points, resulting in the increase of solution error and even the failure of solution. In addition, the coning motion and inaccurate initial alignment of the spinning projectile increase the number of unknown parameters and the computational complexity. In this study, several improved particle swarm optimization strategies are proposed. The actual outputs are fitted to the geomagnetic output equations under the coning motion, and the supervised learning effect of each strategy is analysed and compared. The algorithm can be flexibly adjusted according to different needs in actual use by selecting appropriate strategies, which has a wide applicability in data fitting.
Use of TDR technique to measure grain moisture content
Authors: Majcher Jacek
Published: November 2024

The Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique is widely employed across various industrial sectors due to its high speed and measurement selectivity. It is mainly used for measuring soil moisture or electrical conductivity. In this paper, the possibility of using this technique to measure moisture content of various seeds is analyzed. For this purpose, a commercial TDR meter – FOM2/mts with FP/mts – field TDR probe was used to measure dielectric permittivity for different seed species. The obtained results were then correlated with seed moisture content and calibration curves were proposed for each seed species. In addition, the effect of temperature on the dielectric permittivity readout was studied and a correction factor was proposed.
Reconstruction of Photorealistic 3D Urban Scenes Using Radiance Fields as Digital Twins for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Dopiriak Matúš , Gerec Jakub , Gazda Juraj
Published: November 2024

We explore the use of radiance fields (RFs) to reconstruct photorealistic 3D urban scenes, creating digital twins (DTs) for autonomous driving (AD) by leveraging Nerfacto and Splatfacto models integrated with the CARLA simulator. Our research demonstrates that publicly available RFs can be utilized through Nerfstudio library to create photorealistic urban scenes and extract arbitrary images based on the camera pose. These scenes can serve as simulations for AD or as DT repositories for static environments within the vehicular metaverse. Additionally, we quantitatively evaluate RF models and use masking to remove dynamic objects, successfully simulating real-world scenarios. Quantitative evaluation shows that the Splatfacto model achieves a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of up to 26.40, a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.84, and a learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS) score of 0.21, consistently outperforming the Nerfacto model.
Exploratory Data Analysis and Supervised Learning in Plant Phenotyping Studies
Authors: Cola Vincenzo Schiano Di , Cangemi Mariachiara , Scala Simone , Summerer Stephan , Monti Maurilia Maria , Loreto Francesco , Cuomo Salvatore
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the use of exploratory data analysis and supervised learning techniques to analyze plant phenotyping traits, with a specific focus on: i) genetic diversity (wild type vs mutant tomato plants); ii) plant-plant interactions (primed vs non-primed plants using volatiles emitted by other stressed plants); and iii) plant stress response (using drought stress and comparing droughted plants with controls). The analyzed data consisted of high-throughput imaging at multiple wavelengths, which allowed for the examination of various morphological traits. The dataset contained the phenotypic characteristics of both wildtype and mutated tomato plants exposed to water stress. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify significant phenotypic indicators and predict plant stress responses. The use of techniques such as K-means clustering and Bayesian classifiers provided valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of plant traits under a variety of experimental conditions. This research emphasizes the importance of employing advanced statistical and machine learning methods to improve the precision and efficacy of phenotypic analysis in plant sciences.
Once Upon a Blind Girl: Disability and Fairy Tale in Charles Dickens’s The Cricket on the Hearth
Authors: Kiss György
Published: November 2024

The paper offers a close reading of Charles Dickens’s Christmas novella, The Cricket on the Hearth: A Fairy Tale of Home (1845), through the lens of fairy tales and disability studies. One of the main characters of the story is Bertha Plummer, a blind doll’s dressmaker. Since her father deceives and hides the truth from her, Bertha is unaware of the real nature of her economic and social circumstances as a disabled, working-class woman. Her disability is crucial to the plot as it is strongly connected to the novella’s themes of domestic infidelity, disguise, and the lack of perspective or understanding. The paper analyzes how Dickens explores these ideas through Bertha’s blindness with the use of fairy tales. It relies on academic sources written about Bertha, fairy tales, as well as disability and Victorian gender roles. (GyK)
Scientific Models, Paradigms and Systems of Ecology: From Symbol Apparatuses to the Real
Authors: Zepka Erik
Published: November 2024

An evolutionary framework of epistemology is presented where different paradigms offer different shadings of the ecological real. It is argued that better approximations will look cross-culturally and cross-temporally in order to increase the amount of scientifically fallible testing perspectives. General concepts are sought out, translating, for instance, a Homeric shield to a general human need for protection, and Mesopotamian agriculture to a need for sustenance. Once concepts are generalized, their recurrence becomes the best estimation of a human reality (protection, food) where the initial local abstractions (shield, agriculture) are more partial. Such interparadigmatic ideas are claimed to comprise a more sustainable view of science and interdisciplinary knowledge. (EZ)
Digital Plant Encounters: Integrating Critical Plant Studies with Digital Environmental Humanities
Authors: Rogers Heather , Berger Claudia
Published: November 2024

The distinction between nature and technology is a western dichotomy that is slowly being eroded. As we are continuously confronted with humanity’s role in the climate crisis, it is important that humanists also tell stories about the environment and not cede that conversation to the sciences. The Humanities have a role to play in explaining the histories, cultures, and stories of plants to help us see and acknowledge all of the lives around us. Our research foregrounds Digital Humanities projects that weave together different narratives that tell deeper, more nuanced stories about the natural world, specifically focusing on projects that center plant narratives. We examine how Digital Environmental Humanities in conversation with critical plant studies can create detailed, interactive narratives about the lives of plants and underscore the importance of portraying plants as subjects of inquiry and not merely background objects. (HR and CB)
Investigation of the effectiveness of eight different metal artifact reduction algorithms in reducing extracorporeal metal artifacts: a phantom study using the Gumbel method
Authors: Suzuki Keiko , Muto Hiroe
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Metal Artifact Reduction (MAR) processing has been clinically applied to computed tomography (CT) images using various methods. Iterative MAR (iMAR) is an algorithm for reducing metal artifacts from implants and is tailored to the type, shape, and imaging site of a metal object. Various implants have been targeted using iMAR; however, there are some implants and metals that do not have a dedicated iMAR. The potential of iMAR for managing such artifacts has not yet been explored. Utilizing iMAR in unavoidable extracorporeal metal artifact cases could improve diagnosis. We aimed to assess whether the iMAR reduces extracorporeal metal artifacts and enhances image quality.

Material and methods: CT was performed on a whole-body phantom with electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes attached. Images were obtained without the iMAR and with eight different iMAR processings. The CT value profiles were perpendicular to the direction of artifact generation, and the maximum adjacent CT value difference was extracted from each CT value profile as the largest variation. The cumulative probabilities for the largest variations were obtained, and the location and scale parameters were calculated from the cumulative probability plots. Kruskal–Wallis tests and multiple comparisons were performed on nine different images.

Results: Regarding the 100 cumulative probability plots of the largest variations obtained from each CT value profile, the coefficients of determination (R2) for all cumulative probability plots were as high as > 0.84, indicating that the features of the extracorporeal metal artifact generated from the ECG electrodes evaluated in this study asymptotically approached a Gumbel distribution. The location parameters showed no significant differences among the nine processed images (p > 0.11), whereas the scale parameters showed significant differences for neuro coil, shoulder implant, extremity implant, and thoracic coil iMAR-processed images compared with controls (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: iMAR may improve diagnosis by reducing extracorporeal metal artifacts and enhancing image quality.
Phenotypic variability of tracheids in hybrid Larch breeding populations
Authors: Krabel Doris , Rau Florian , Solger Alexander
Published: November 2024

Xylem cell characteristics are largely genetically determined. However, depending on site conditions, plant age and location within the tree, the expression of individual characteristics can vary over a wide range. The knowledge about specific wood characteristics is not only important for timber processing, but it is also a basis for the assessment of various physiological processes related to hydraulic architecture of a tree and thus, its capacity to adapt to environmental impacts.

A detailed analysis of different larch progenies on different sites and of specific annual rings provides information about the growth performance of the trees on an anatomical level and helps to explore the phenotypic variability of xylem cell size. Our research focuses on the characterization of tracheid size of 6 different hybrid larch (Larix x eurolepis A. Henry) progenies and one standard European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) (age 19 and 39 years) planted on different sites of Southeast Germany. Beside cell length within annual year rings (late and earlywood), cells of different cambial age and different height positions within the trunk (breast height and 6.5 m) were investigated. The span between longest and shortest cell within an individual genotype was calculated as a measure for the progeny-specific growth potential that can be expected regarding the individual study site. The aim of the study was to determine the progeny specific variability of cell size, to describe differences between late and earlywood and to explore differences between hybrid larch and European larch.

A negative correlation of the tracheid lengths with the trunk height above ground was found, which confirms the hypothesis of different authors that a significant decrease in cell size with increasing trunk height can be assumed. For each progeny and study site cell length increased with cambial age for both late and earlywood cells. Site specific differences of 3.6 % in a minimum and 13.6 % in a maximum between late and earlywood tracheids could be observed. A mayor finding is that tracheid lengths between individual sample trees of the same progeny at the same test site varies significantly which highlights the phenotypic plasticity of this morphological trait. Nevertheless, the comparison of sample trees of one progeny but different sites produced significant differences only for the young trial plots. The comparison of hybrid larch progenies with the European larch ‘Hasselburg’ couldn’t prove a superiority of hybrid larch.
Vegetation composition and carbon stocks in West Batang Toru Forest Block, North Sumatra
Authors: PASARIBU NURSAHARA , RANGKUTI LATIFAH HANNUM , SIREGAR JULIUS PAOLO
Published: November 2024

West Batang Toru Forest Block, North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province is a forest that contains numerous species of tree stands and is estimated to be able to store a considerable high carbon from the atmosphere. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of vegetation and the potential for carbon stored in the forest region. This research was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022 using a purposive sampling method. Vegetation data were analyzed using the Diversity Index (H'), Uniformity Index (E) using the Shannon-Wiener equation. The carbon stock of each stand per species was estimated using the Ketterings’ allometric equation. The study documented a total of 64 families, belonging to 297 species with a total of 2,399 individuals. The percentage of composition of all growth rates ranged from 31%-59%. The Importance Value Index (IVI) of all growth rates ranged between 14.3 to 71.7%. The highest diversity index and evenness index at the tree level were 4.71 and 0.85. The stored carbon is 373.227 tons C/ha in West Batang Toru Forest Block, highlighting the forest region as an important green carbon sink.
Germination and Growth of Luetzelburgia Auriculata (German) Ducke Seedlings are Influenced by Water Regime
Authors: Alves Kelma Layara Pereira , Ferreira Cheila Deisy , França Débora Raquel dos Santos Ferreira , Canata Ada Liz Coronel , Diniz Maria Eduarda de Souza , França George Martins de , Freire Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira , Bakke Ivonete Alves
Published: November 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the germination and growth of Luetzelburgia auriculata seedlings, depending on different water regimes.
 
Theoretical Framework: Global climate change has caused irregularities in rainfall distribution, resulting in reduced water availability, negatively affecting seed germination and plant growth. These factors raise concerns from an environmental and scientific perspective, highlighting the need to understand the behavior of species under adverse conditions of water restrictions.
 
Method: Five treatments were tested, corresponding to 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the pot capacity, with four replicates of 25 seeds. The tests were conducted in the laboratory, using a gerbox type germination box, 100 g of Tropstrato substrate and a BOD type germination chamber, with a temperature of 25°C. The following variables were analyzed: First Count (PC), Germination (G), Germination Speed ​​Index (IVG), Average Germination Time (TMG), Shoot Length (CPA), Root Length (CR), Diameter and Total Dry Mass (MST).
 
Results and Discussion: It was observed that L. auriculata seeds showed tolerance to low water availability, with higher germination and IVG percentages under 20% of the pot capacity, differing from the length of the aerial part that was more affected by the lower water availability. For root length, 100% of the pot capacity provided significant reductions. As for TMG, diameter and total dry mass did not show significant differences between treatments. Therefore, the germination and vigor of L. auriculata seeds demonstrated tolerance to low water levels, but for seedling growth, a new study with a longer duration is recommended.
 
Research Implications: Possibility of reducing the amount of water used in the germination process of the species under study.
 
Originality/Value: Understand the adaptability of Luetzelburgia auriculata to water scarcity, a crucial aspect for the sustainability of the Caatinga ecosystem, a region vulnerable to desertification.
Local Approaches to Achieve the Sdgs: Reuse of Solid Waste as Building Materials in Brazilian Ecovillages
Authors: Arruda Beatriz Martins , Decoussau Amanda Rosso , Rutkowski Emília Wanda
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study investigates the typologies of solid waste incorporated into buildings in Brazilian ecovillages, aiming to highlight this practice and explore sustainable construction with reused materials.
 
Theoretical Framework: The current environmental crises challenge the construction industry to overcome the linear production, consumption, and disposal paradigm, which generates excessive waste. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) offer a framework for action, but their practical implementation remains a challenge. Ecovillages, as intentional ecological communities, demonstrate waste reuse in construction, reducing both new material consumption and waste. Relating this practice to the SDGs provides the study's contextual basis.
 
Method: This research employed a literature review and primary data collection from ecovillage-managed social networks and websites. Data were analyzed by material type, usage, and function, correlating waste reuse with the geographical location of ecovillages.
 
Results and Discussion: The results revealed 109 examples of solid waste reuse in 39 ecovillages across 4 out of 5 Brazilian regions. These findings were presented as an online thematic map, with descriptions and photographs of the materials used. The discussion quantitatively and qualitatively contextualizes the results within the theoretical framework, also addressing limitations.
 
Research Implications: This research offers insights into how ecovillages' sustainable building practices can influence ecological architecture. The visual systematization of waste reuse supports discussions on integrating innovative materials and techniques into sustainable construction, advancing the SDGs.
 
Originality/Value: This study uniquely systematizes waste reuse in Brazilian ecovillages, contributing a practical resource for promoting sustainable construction and supporting SDG implementation.
Kinetic Calculations of Starch Degradation Rate by Ptyalin
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Victor Teodoro M. de , Matos Renan Rosa , Capuci Ana Paula Silva , Silva Larielly Regina Santos , Begnini Mauro Luiz
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the kinetics of starch processing by ptyalin, the enzyme responsible for initiating starch digestion in the mouth. Kinetic parameters such as Km and Vmax will be calculated from the Lineweaver-Burk plot, covering the surface layer of starch-ptyalin interaction and the maximum rate of enzymatic activity.
 
Theoretical Framework: Starch is a complex carbohydrate essential in the human diet, composed of amylose and amylopectin, and is commonly found in foods like sliced bread. Ptyalin, also known as salivary amylase, initiates the starch digestion process in the mouth by converting it into maltose. Enzyme kinetics can be studied using the Michaelis-Menten model, where parameters such as Km (Michaelis constant) and Vmax (maximum velocity) are crucial for understanding the efficiency of the enzymatic interaction.
 
Method: To obtain data on enzyme kinetics, experimental analyses were conducted using different starch concentrations, and the results were evaluated based on the Lineweaver-Burk curve. Additionally, statistical techniques were applied to verify the validity of the data, including the ANOVA test and the Anderson-Darling analysis to confirm the normality of the data distribution. Capability charts were used to assess process compliance within specification limits.
 
Results and Discussion: The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the studied groups, with a p-value greater than 0.05 in the ANOVA test. The Anderson-Darling analysis confirmed that the data follow a normal distribution. The Vmax value was determined to be 0.023, representing the maximum rate of enzymatic activity, and the Km was 1.274, indicating a high affinity of ptyalin for starch.
 
Research Implications: This research contributes to a detailed understanding of ptyalin kinetics in starch digestion, providing important information on enzymatic efficiency at different concentrations. These data are applicable in areas such as nutrition, food quality control, and the development of food products that consider carbohydrate digestibility.
 
Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in the integrated approach to the enzyme kinetics of ptyalin applied to starch digestion, utilizing not only the classical parameters of Km and Vmax but also advanced statistical techniques, such as the ANOVA test and Anderson-Darling normality analysis. The combination of these tools allowed for a more robust and accurate analysis of ptyalin efficiency under different conditions.
The Experience of The UFSC Ceped in The November 2008 Natural Disaster in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Bauzys Fernanda , Schadeck Rafael , Fomin Diane Guzi , Jungles Antônio Edésio
Published: November 2024

Objective: This article aims to characterize the actions of the University Center for Studies and Research on Natural Disasters of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (CEPED-UFSC) in the project "Response to the Santa Catarina Disaster in November 2008".
 
Theoretical benchmark: Disaster is understood as a severe interruption in social functioning, resulting in human and economic losses that exceed the response capacity of the affected community (UFSC-CEPED, 2012).
 
Method: The realization of this project sought, fundamentally, to support the municipalities affected in the disaster, through the assessment of the areas submitted to mass movements that affected housing and public buildings.
 
Results and Discussion: Using an approach aimed at mapping risk areas and assessing damage by mass movements, the project aimed to support 25 municipalities, providing technical guidance that supported Civil Defense actions to protect and reconstruct affected areas.
 
Research Implications: The reports produced contributed to the most efficient application of resources, offering a practical and technical reference for interventions in disaster situations.
 
Originality/Value: The experience highlights the role of the university in crisis assistance and in the formulation of mitigation strategies for future events.
20 Years of the Kyoto Protocol: Profile and Behavior in Brazilian Academia From the Perspective of Social Network Analysis
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique César Melo , Corrêa Rosany , Pierot Roselane Moita , Leal Lilian Guimarães do Nascimento
Published: November 2024

Objective: To investigate the profile and behavior of scientific production of articles published in Brazilian journals on the topic of the Kyoto Protocol in light of social network analysis.
 
Theoretical Framework: The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement that provides for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through flexible mechanisms, and is therefore considered an important environmental commitment made by many countries.
 
Method: The Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library (SPELL) and the social network analysis research technique were used as the database for the search for articles. The search identified 31 articles that were investigated using sociometric indicators: (i) two-mode social networks composed of periods and authors; (ii) two-mode social networks composed of periodicals and authors; (iii) social networks of authors; (iv) social networks of institutions; (v) social networks of citations; and (vi) social networks of keywords.
 
Results and Discussion: Stagnation of the topic in Brazilian scientific literature. The most central actors were: Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental as a periodical; José Célio Silveira Andrade as a researcher; University of São Paulo as an institution; Ignez Guatimosin Vidigal Lopes, Marcelo Theoto Rocha, Mari Elizabete Bernardini Seiffert, Andréa Cardoso Ventura and José Carlos Barbieri as the most cited authors in the environmental area; sustainable development, carbon credits, clean development mechanism, sustainability, environmental accounting, Latin America and renewable energy as keywords.
 
Research Implications: Provide understanding to authors about the theoretical evolution and intellectual structure to conduct future research in this field of knowledge, on the topic of the Kyoto Protocol in the Brazilian scientific scenario from the perspective of journals indexed in the SPELL database.
 
Originality/Value: This research concludes by highlighting the Kyoto Protocol theme from the perspective of social networks, analyzing the structure and formation of the networks of actors involved in the process of construction and creation of scientific value regarding the referenced theme, thus contributing to its better understanding and, consequently, comprehension, consequently influencing its possible evolution in the academic literature of Brazil.
Validating parental reports of child dental visits against treatment received among children
Authors: Alayadi Haya , Bernabé Eduardo , Sabbah Wael , Alsadon Omar , Alsiwat Faisal
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the agreement between parent-reported dental visits and received dental treatment within the previous 12 months among primary school children in Riyadh, and to examine factors associated with over-reporting and under-reporting of dental visits.
Methods: A stratified sample from 16 primary schools in Riyadh was selected. A total of 996 students aged 6-11 years were assessed for dental treatment at baseline and 12 months later. World Health Organization criteria for assessing oral health were used. Socioeconomic and behavioral data were also collected. Data included reported dental visits (RDVs) within the past 12 months. A variable indicating any dental treatment within the follow-up time (DTR). The difference between visits and treatments (DVS) was calculated (DVS= RDV- DTR), which included three categories: reported visits/received treatment; reported visits/no treatment; and no reported visits/received treatment.
Results: Agreement between parent-reported dental visits and dental treatment within the previous 12 months was 55%, with nearly 8% under-reported dental visits. Children experiencing dental pain had higher odds of reporting dental visits with no treatment (OR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.47-2.65). Baseline dental caries was significantly associated with under-reported dental visits (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.07-1.23).
Conclusion: The findings indicated under-reporting of dental visits by those with higher dental caries at baseline. While children could have visited a dentist but not received treatment, hence, some might have over-reported dental visits. The findings suggested that parental reports of child dental visits were relatively reliable.
Nanociência
Authors: Sargentelli Vagner
Published: November 2024

This errata refers to the following publication: SARGENTELLI, V. NANOSCIENCE: TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS IN CHEMISTRY, HEALTH, AGRICULTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT: A SYNOPSIS. Ambiente: Gestão e Desenvolvimento, [S. l.], v. 4, n. 1, p. 95–101, 2012. DOI: 10.24979 / 266. Available at: https://periodicos.uerr.edu.br/index.php/ambiente/article/view/266. Accessed on: 12 may. 2021.
The defect is located in the author's affiliation. This modification does not change the interpretation of the results.
The editorial team regrets the mistake.