bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
scCDX: enhancing cancer driver gene identification and model interpretability with single-cell RNA sequencing data and extreme gradient boosting
Authors: Lee Kyungwook , Kim Jooyeon , Kim Tae Yong
Published: April 2024

Background: Identifying cancer driver genes is a key step toward better understanding the molecular mechanism of cancers, which kill countless people worldwide. In recent years, numerous computational methods using biological data and networks have been developed for cancer driver gene identification. However, despite the rising number of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, none of the existing computational approaches have made use of scRNA-seq data. Moreover, it has been reported that deep learning models do not always outperform other machine learning models when applied to tabular data. Therefore, the current task of utilizing omics features, which can be presented in a tabular format, requires experimentation with various models to determine the best one.
Results: In this study, we propose scCDX, extreme gradient boosting-based cancer driver gene identification method utilizing scRNA-seq data as well as bulk multi-omics data, topological feature in protein-protein interaction network, and systems-level features from various databases. The experimental results reveal that scCDX provides superior performance compared to graph neural network (GNN)-based state-of-the-art methods for cancer driver gene identification. The baselines were also retrained using the same features to ensure a fair evaluation, as they were trained on different set of features. The experimental results demonstrate that scCDX consistently outperforms, indicating that GNN-based deep learning is unnecessary. Furthermore, the scCDX prediction results were interpreted using the Shapley additive explanation method, which illustrates the contribution of each feature to the output.
Conclusions: The study results suggest that selecting the appropriate model based on feature characteristics can achieve better performance than deep learning-based methods. Additionally, demonstrating the ability to interpret the model at the cell type level using high-resolution data, which was previously impossible, can ensure model reliability.
Early Second Trimester HSV-2 Infection detection in an 18 weeks fetus; Case Report
Authors: Boroomand-Saboor Melika , Gerami Reza
Published: April 2024

Background: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2), is mainly linked to genital herpes infections. Also, Maternal HSV-2 infections during pregnancy pose increased risks, particularly when diagnosed in the third trimester, leading to unfavorable outcomes for the fetus and rarly detected in early second trimester of pregnancy.
Case Presenation: We present a case of HSV-2 infection in an 18-week fetus in previously healthy mother, the patient's ultrasound findings, diagnostic evaluations, and subsequent management and oucome.
Conclusion: This case underscores the challenges associated with mid-trimester intrauterine infections and prompts diagnosis based on ultrasound and echocardiography findings.
Factors associated with malnutrition among children under five years in Mogadishu, Somalia: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Tahlil Abdullahi Ahmed , Osman Marian Muse , Hassan Yahye Sheikh Abdulle , Hussein Saadaq Adan , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman
Published: April 2024

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, including Somalia. Identifying the unique factors associated with malnutrition in each location helps effective and targeted interventions. We assessed the factors associated with protein-energy malnutrition among children under five years old in Mogadishu, Somalia to provide evidence for its control.
Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 1203 child mother pairs who met the inclusion criteria from selected health facilities in Mogadishu, Somalia. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to obtain information from the child-caregiver pair following the WHO guidelines. The Z scores of weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height were calculated using the WHO Anthro. The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were estimated and associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval.
Results: The mean age of the children was 26.1±16.1 months, 59.7% were male and 51.3% were aged 0-23 months. The prevalence of wasting was 66.5% (95%CI: 60.5-72.5) out of which 20.9% (95%CI: 18.3-23.5) were moderately and 45.6% (95%CI: 42.2-49.0) were severely wasted. The prevalence of stunting was 64.8% (95%CI: 58.1-71.5), (25.2%, 95% CI: 22.0-28.4) were moderately and (39.6%, 95% CI: 36.1-43.1) were severely stunted. Similarly, 64.8% (95%CI: 58.5-71.1) were underweight, 21.7% (95%CI: 19.0-24.4) were moderately underweight and 43.1% (95% CI: 39.5-46.7) were severely underweight. Being male (aOR: 1.4, 95%CI:1.07-2.15), mothers attaining tertiary education (aOR: 0.1, 95%CI: 0.01-0.20) were associated with wasting, being male (aOR: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.61-2.96), aged 36-59 months (aOR:3.4, 95%CI: 2.26-5.21), being 5-6 birth order (aOR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.45-8.74) and being of low-income family (aOR: 1.7, 95%CI: 1.16-2.57) were associated with stunting and being male (aOR: 6.0, 95%CI: 4.28-8.49), mothers age 40-49 years (aOR: 0.2, 95%CI: 0.14-0.37) were associated with underweight among the children.
Conclusions: The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight was high. Age of the child, birth order, birth intervals, number of children, mother's age at birth, mother's education, father's education, marital status, mother's occupation, father's occupation, family type, and family income were associated with malnutrition.
Emerging evidence for the Prominent correlation between the transcription of P4HB gene and pregnancy outcomes as well as embryonic development
Authors: Wang Liyao , Qi Wenhui , Lian Weiguang , Xie Ying , Liu Chao , Fan Xuemei , Xu Jingwei , Gong Shasha , Wu Mei , Su Libo
Published: April 2024

Background: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide, encoded by the P4HB gene, belongs to the protein disulfide isomerases family, implicated in multiple risk factor biological processes related to the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and embryonic development. Changes in P4HB gene expression play an important role in pathophysiologic processes. Little is known about the regulation of the endogenous P4HB gene, especially through selective splicing. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of P4HB splice variants and the association of P4HB transcription with adverse pregnancy and embryonic development.
Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expression of the P4HB gene in the adverse pregnancy population versus the control population. P4HB gene heterozygous deletion C57BL/6J mice were constructed and analyzed for P4HB difference-associated DEGs using transcriptome sequencing, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Sequence characteristics of the predicted encoding protein transcripts of the P4HB gene were analyzed and primers were designed. RT-PCR was applied to identify different transcripts of the P4HB gene in adverse pregnancy and control populations.
Results: The increased transcription of P4HB in the adverse pregnancy outcomes population. P4HB (AUC = 0.627) showed high in-sample predictive performance for APO risk in pregnant women.
homozygous deletion of the P4HB gene leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Diminished transcription levels of P4HB impacts multiple biological processes according to the study conducted on mice with heterozygous deletion of the P4HB gene. In this paper, we report 17 protein-coding transcripts of the P4HB gene. Expression of transcripts P4HB-201 and P4HB-203 was detected in populations. There was no statistically significant difference in P4HB-203/P4HB-201 expression in the adverse pregnancy group compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
Our results indicate that there is a clinical correlation between the expression level of the P4HB gene and the occurrence of APOs. Decreased transcription levels of P4HB lead to differences in many biological functions including nucleic acid binding capacity, neurodevelopmental function, substance metabolism. In this study, the presence of P4HB-203 was detected for the first time in human peripheral blood. Transcript P4HB-201 and transcript P4HB-203 were expressed in both adverse pregnancy and control populations.
A Comparison of Native and Immigrant Female Students’ Genital Hygiene Behaviors: a Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: İÇKE Sibel , ÇİFÇİ Sema
Published: April 2024

Background
Genital hygiene behaviors are the care practices that individuals have developed with their knowledge, beliefs and habits. These behaviors and care practices may vary between individuals. The World Health Organization defines the 15–24 age group as youth, which includes young women of university age. This study aimed to compare the genital hygiene behaviors of native and immigrant female students enrolled in nonhealth departments at Mardin Artuklu University.
Methods
The study population consisted of female students (n = 5970) enrolled in nonhealth departments at Mardin Artuklu University. The sample size of the study was determined using power analysis and G*Power software. Each group (the immigrant group and the native group) comprised 165 individuals, with 330 individuals in total. The data collection tool consisted of two sections. The first section included a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, while the second section utilized the Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale.
Results
The mean age of the students who participated in the study was 23.02 ± 4.42 years (Min: 17, Max: 50). The mean age of the native students was 23.12 ± 4.27 years (Min: 17, Max: 48), while the mean age of the immigrant students was 23.06 ± 4.72 years (Min: 18, Max: 50). Variables such as age group, income status, marital status, family type, social security, method of genital area cleansing, materials used, frequency of bathing, method of genital cleaning, underwear fabric, washing method, color, habit of hand washing before toilet use, regular menstruation, and presence of foul-smelling discharge were identified to create differences in terms of genital hygiene behaviors.
Conclusions
The scores on the Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale for both native and immigrant students are not at the desired level. The general idea is that some sociodemographic characteristics and habits related to genital hygiene influence genital hygiene behaviors. To prevent reproductive health problems in both native and immigrant students at later ages, they should receive regular education on this topic.
Self-reported academic literacy, professional literacy and professional knowledge in Swedish higher education and profession in dentistry and nursing
Authors: Christidis Nikolaos , Tomasson Jakob , Rataghi Armin , Christidis Maria
Published: April 2024

Background: Professional education of dentists and nurses include literacies – academic and professional literacy– and professional knowledge. These have a reciprocal relationship and contribute to the development from students to professionals. However, this is an area in need of further exploration. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate dentists’ and nurses’ experience of academic and professional literacy, and professional knowledge at the time of their graduation, and five years into their profession.
Methods: The material consisted of a questionnaire distributed twice to dentists and nurses. The first time was immediately after graduation (degree-evaluation) and the second time five years after graduation (alumni-evaluation). Approximately 30% of the dentists and the nurses responded both times. Data was analyzed with non-parametrical methods.
Results: At the time of graduation, the newly graduated dentists scored high in all aspects of academic and professional literacy, as well as professional knowledge. This was also found five years into the profession, although the dentists expressed concerns for communication in English, for work in relation to equitable treatment, and for equal. When it comes to nurses, they followed a similar pattern as for the dentists, but already in the time for graduation the newly graduated nurses expressed concerns for communication in English, and for promoting sustainable development within their profession. This was also the case five years into their profession, for English and sustainable development, in addition to work in relation to equitable treatment, and to equal rights.
Conclusions: The level of confidence and perception of a sufficient degree of knowledge regarding academic literacy, professional literacy, and professional knowledge is higher at the time for graduation in both disciplines compared to five years into the profession where there is a decrease in areas concerning work in relation to equitability, and equality, and for dentists also communication in English. Furthermore, for nurses there was a constant low rating of confidence in both evaluations, concerning sustainable development and communication in English. This indicates that continuous opportunities for practice, and professional experience is a key factor for the level of confidence and perception of knowledge.
The Potential of Ornamental Fish Culture in Biofloc Technology with Different C/N Ratio and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model: An Example of Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Minaz Mert
Published: April 2024

Biofloc technology (BFT) has become an agenda not only to meet the need for protein food but also for ornamental aquaculture with the increasing interest in sustainable aquaculture. In this context, the current study focused on BFT for ornamental goldfish (Carassius auratus), which has commercial value. In the study conducted with control and two different C/N ratios (15:1 and 20:1), nitrogen cycle occurred rapidly in BFT groups. On the other hand, increasing the C/N ratio had a positive effect on total suspended solids and total bacteria count in the culture water. In terms of growth performance, specific growth rate and weight gain were observed to be significantly higher at high C/N ratio. Feed conversion ratio showed lower results for the C/N 20 group. According to the liver histological results, the vacuolization symptom is more severe in BFT groups. Considering all the results, the suitability of C. auratuscultivation in the BFT system with a C/N ratio of 20 was proven according to nine different evaluation criteria. In conclusion, the cultivation of C. auratus in BFT systems is recommended both economically and ecologically.
Investigation into the Performance of Tremella-like LaNiO3-NiO Composite as an Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Wangran , Xu Hui , Pei Yaru , Hu Lin , Yang Zhong
Published: April 2024

Guided by the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the development of efficient, stable, and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reactions is of paramount importance. A unique; tremella-like LaNiO3-NiO composite has been fabricated through a simple and robust procedure. This material stands out as an effective catalyst in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), showcasing its potential to enhance the efficiency of electrochemical energy transformations. This composite exhibits a remarkably low overpotential of only 383 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2, coupled with a Tafel slope of 76.66 mV dec-1. Furthermore, it boasts the capability to sustain continuous operation for more than 30 h at a current density of 20 mA cm-2. The unique morphology of the catalyst expands the electrochemically active surface area, providing more available active sites to improve catalytic performance. This discovery presents a promising opportunity for the development of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for OER.
Evaluating the causal effects between Grave’s disease and diabetes mellitus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Yuhan , Fu Liuxiang
Published: April 2024

Background
Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease associated with an increased incidence of other autoimmune diseases. To investigate the causality between GD and Diabetes mellitus (DM), we designed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) studies.
Methods
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with GD, thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS and FinnGen biobank databases. For the forward MR study, we used GD (sample size = 458,620) as the exposure and T1D (sample size = 520,580) and T2D (sample size = 211,766) as the outcomes. Next, T1D and T2D were used as exposure variables, and GD was used as the outcome variable for the reverse MR analysis. Finally, MVMR analysis was conducted to investigate the probable relationship between DM and indicators for thyroid function like TPO, Tg, and TSH. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the main method. Finally, the heterogeneity and sensitivity were assessed.
Results
There were 27, 88, and 55 SNPs associated with GD, T1D, and T2D, respectively. A significant causal connection between GD and T1D (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval, CI] = 1.411 [1.077–1.848], P = 0.012) and T2D (OR [95% CI] = 1.059 [1.025–1.095], P = 5.53e-04) was found in the forward MR analysis. However, reverse MR suggested that there was a genetic susceptibility to T1D that increased the likelihood of developing GD (OR [95% CI] = 1.059 [1.025–1.095], P = 5.53e-04), while T2D did not (OR [95% CI] = 0.963 [0.870–1.066], P = 0.468). Furthermore, there was inadequate evidence to suggest that abnormal TSH, TPO, and Tg levels increase the risk of incident T1D or T2D in individuals with GD. MVMR revealed no causal relationship among Tg, TSH, TPO, T1D, or T2D.
Conclusion
Evidence of a bidirectional causative relationship between GD and T1D and a unidirectional causal relationship between GD and T2D was discovered using MR analyses. MVMR analysis showed no statistically relevant causality between TSH, TPO, or Tg and either T1D or T2D.
Effects of executive function deficits on Chinese reading ability in ADHD patients
Authors: Wei Jia , zhang Wenwu
Published: April 2024

Objective:To explore the factors affecting the Chinese reading abilities of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to provide a basis for the intervention of comorbid Chinese reading disorders in ADHD.
Methods:Following the ICD-10 standards, 160 ADHD patients were included in the study, divided into an ADHD group (80 cases) and an ADHD+RD (Reading Disorder) group (80 cases). All participants completed neuropsychological tests such as verbal working memory tasks, visual spatial working memory tasks, and response inhibition tasks. Parents completed the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV questionnaire (SNAP-IV) and the Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children (DCCC).
Results: Patients with ADHD + RD demonstrated more significant deficits in executive functions such as working memory and response inhibition. Controlling for the influences of fixed ADHD symptoms, defects in visual spatial working memory and response inhibition had a significant predictive effect on the reading abilities of children with ADHD.
Conclusion: The reading process demands a high level of cognitive executive function, especially in tasks involving linguistic and textual processing, where modulation of working memory, response inhibition, and flexibility are needed. For patients with ADHD comorbid with Chinese reading disorders, besides managing core ADHD symptoms, it may be worth considering a focus on strengthening training in working memory.
Who drives the progress of osteoarthritis? -The crosstalk between synoviumand meniscus plays an important role
Authors: Yu Fei , Qi Tiantian , Weng Jian , Wang Tianbing , Liu Peng , Chen Yingqi , Xiong Ao , Wang Deli , Zeng Hui
Published: April 2024

Background
The incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) increases with each passing year. The degeneration of the meniscus and synovium is considered the initial factor of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but their synergistic mechanism has not been clarified.
Methods
In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was employed to establish 16 normal or degenerated meniscus samples and 6 synovium samples based on the meniscus and synovium tissues of 16 patients. A cell atlas comprising 124,026 single cells in total was established (including 8 patients from the public database The Genome Sequence Archive for Human [GSA-Human] PRJCA008120). Based on that, the meniscus/synovium microenvironment homeostasis and the crosstalk between both during their degeneration were explored.
Results
In this study, the cell types in the meniscus and synovium were analyzed. Besides, new fibroblast subtypes related to the degeneration of the meniscus and synovium were identified. Additionally, the interaction between meniscus and synovium and different cell subtypes was analyzed. Moreover, the mechanism involving vascular growth, immune cell infiltration, and common or different genes during the degeneration of synovium and meniscus tissues was investigated.
Conclusions
This study may provide the atlas of synovium and meniscus with the largest number of cells in osteoarthritis (OA) to date, reflecting the comprehensive cellchat of synovium and meniscus during degeneration. These findings suggested that the synovium was involved in the crosstalk of intra-articular tissues (synovium/meniscus), thus participating in the degeneration in OA.
Eighteen-year survival after GD2-directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified Immune Effector Cell Treatment for Neuroblastoma
Authors: Heslop Helen , Li Che-Hsing , Sharma Sandhya , Heczey Andras , Steffin David , Louis Chrystal , Grilley Bambi , Thakkar Sachin , Wu Meng-Fen , wang tao , Rooney Cliona , Brenner Malcolm
Published: April 2024

We report long-term outcomes up to 18 years of a clinical trial treating children with neuroblastoma with EBV-specific T lymphocytes and CD3-activated T cells – each expressing a first-generation chimeric antigen receptor targeting GD2 with barcoded transgenes to allow tracking of each population. Of 11 patients with active disease at infusion, three patients achieved a complete response that was sustained in 2, one for 8 years until lost to follow up and one for 18+ years. Of eight patients with a history of relapse or at high risk of recurrence, five are disease-free at their last follow-up between 10-14 years post-infusion. Intermittent low levels of transgene were detected during the follow up period with significantly greater persistence in those who were long-term survivors. In conclusion, patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma achieved long-term disease control after receiving GD2 CAR-T cell therapy including one patient now in remission of relapsed disease for >18 years.
Marine Pollution and Socioeconomic Vulnerability in Brazilian Coastal Cities
Authors: Pinto Luisa Janaina Lopes Barroso , Silva Felipe Roberto da , Lessa Bruno de Souza , Câmara Samuel Façanha , de Sousa-Filho José Milton
Published: April 2024

The article aims to analyze the socioeconomic vulnerability of Brazilian coastal municipalities as a result of coastal polluting agents.This quantitative research has an exploratory nature, as it was dedicated to the development of socioeconomic indicators to assess vulnerability to the adverse effects of issues related to coastal and marine pollution in Brazilian coastal municipalities. To this end, secondary data compiled from several organizations with publicly available information were used and, with the support of a legal framework, the analysis platform was structured.The effects of polluting elements in the Brazilian coastal region are driven by local social and environmental determinants that have significant impacts on economic variables. When analyzing the effects of exposure to coastal and marine polluting agents (Vulnerability, Production Value and Active Links), the 59 Brazilian cities examined were impacted in their social structure, especially those that face recurring health problems, such as environmentally adequate disposal of waste, access to sewage services and per capita production of polluting waste. These issues elevated the North and Northeast regions to high levels within the parameters described. The study at the theoretical level proposed to present an indicator for imminent vulnerabilities in coastal areas, mainly the risks related to solid waste produced in these environments, revealing probable threats linked to environmental and marine pollution, in addition to assisting in the implementation of actions at governance levels public initiative to co-create resilience strategies for coastal communities, acting as an important instrument for their continuity.
Research on the spatial distribution and Geographical Environmental of Grotto Temples in Southern Shaanxi of China by ArcGIS
Authors: Zhang Jing , Han Xinghui
Published: April 2024

Grottoes Temple is a kind of immovable material cultural heritage, Inclding architecture, sculptures and murals, which not only contains rich history and culture, but also expresses the spiritual civilization of mankind and the route of Buddhist transmission, and the distribution of grottoes also has many relations with the geographical environment. At present, 178 grottoes temples are distributed in southern Shaanxi. This paper analyzes the excavation environment of southern Shaanxi Grottoes by using 1:200,000 geological data sets and 30m resolution DEM(digital elevation model) topographic data. Secondly, the nuclear density analysis and standard deviation ellipse method are used to analyze the gathering degree of cave temple cultural sites and the distribution direction and pattern of cave temples in the study area, and discuss the distribution characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution model of the grottoes in southern Shaanxi. The final results include the following contents: (1) The distribution of grotto temples in southern Shaanxi is related to topography and geomorphology, mainly built on cliffs, the elevation is mainly below 1000m. As the elevation increases, the number of grottoes decreases. (2) The grotto temples of southern Shaanxi are mainly located near the river. The distribution pattern of grottoes is consistent with the direction of river gully. (3)The grottoes in southern Shaanxi are distributed unbalanced, due to geographical reasons, mainly distributed in Shangluo and Ankang areas.
Developing demo-genetic models to simulate genetic rescue
Authors: Beaman Julian E. , Gates Katie , Saltré Frédérik , Hogg Carolyn J. , Belov Katherine , Ashman Kita , Silva Karen Burke da , Beheregaray Luciano B. , Bradshaw Corey J. A.
Published: April 2024

Genetic rescue is now a serious management consideration for protecting small and isolated populations from the negative effects of inbreeding and genetic drift on genetic diversity and population viability. However, such populations might be already vulnerable to random fluctuations in growth rates (demographic stochasticity). Therefore, the success of genetic rescue depends not only on the genetic composition of the source and target populations, but also on the emergent outcome of interacting demographic processes and other stochastic events. Developing predictive models that account for feedback between demographic and genetic processes ('demo-genetic feedback') is therefore necessary to guide genetic-rescue interventions that potentially minimise the risk of extinction of threatened populations. We review the available software and explore how they could be used to develop practical simulations that incorporate demo-genetic feedback to plan and implement scenarios of genetic rescue. We then present a summary of a literature search of available genetic data using Australian threatened marsupials as a case study. We conclude with a guided approach for making model-based decisions on implementing genetic rescue.
Spatiotemporal patterns of forest pollinator diversity across the southeastern United States
Authors: Ulyshen Michael , Adams Corey , Adams Jacquelyne , Bland Mickey , Bragg Don , Burdine Chuck , Callaham Mac , Chaney Richard , Chapman Gregg , Clinton Patsy , Dixon Cinnamon , Floyd Jacob , Jordan Phillip , Keyser Tara , Laseter Stephanie , Mallinger Rachel , McDaniel Virginia , Mudder Bryan , Nelson Dana , Odanaka Katherine , Oishi Chris , Reid Shawna , Reynolds Samm , Robertson Kevin , Saenz Dan , Schiff Nathan , Scholtens Brian , Scott Joel , Spetich Marty , Sword Mary , Taylor Melanie , Willis John , Young Andrew
Published: April 2024

Efforts to understand how pollinating insect diversity is distributed across large geographic areas are rare despite the importance of such work for conserving regional diversity. We sampled bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae), and butterflies (Lepidoptera) on nineteen National Forests across the southeastern U.S. and related their diversity to ecoregion, landscape context, canopy openness, and forest composition. Bee richness was negatively correlated with both the amount of conifer forest and the extent of wetlands in the surrounding landscape but was positively correlated with canopy openness. Hover flies and butterflies were less sensitive to landscape context and stand conditions. Pollinator communities differed considerably among ecoregions, with those of the Central Appalachian and Coastal Plain ecoregions being particularly distinct. Bee richness and abundance peaked two months earlier in Central Appalachia than in the Coastal Plain and Southeastern Mixed Forest ecoregions. Our findings suggest that hardwood forests may play a particularly important role in supporting forest-associated bees in the southeastern U.S. and that efforts to create more open forest conditions may benefit this fauna.
Online-Aktivitäten und rechtsextreme Einstellungen im Jugendalter
Authors: Schröder Carl Philipp , Goede Laura-Romina , Lehmann Lena , Bliesener Thomas
Published: April 2024

Die Nutzung des Internets durchzieht den Alltag Jugendlicher. Diese technologische Entwicklung geht mit einer Vielzahl an positiven neuen Möglichkeiten einher. Allerdings können insbesondere soziale Medien für Jugendliche ein Risiko darstellen, in Radikalisierungsprozesse hineinzugeraten. In der Forschung wurde bislang kaum betrachtet, welche spezifischen Online-Aktivitäten zu einer Radikalisierung führen bzw. mit ihr einhergehen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen rechtsextremen Einstellungen und verschiedenen Online-Aktivitäten wie Konsum von Internetseiten, Vernetzung und Posting rechter Inhalte wird in diesem Beitrag geschlechtsspezifisch untersucht, da sowohl das Online-Verhalten als auch das Ausmass extremistischer Einstellungen bei Jungen und Mädchen unterschiedlich ausgeprägt ist und somit angenommen werden kann, dass auch der Zusammenhang geschlechtsspezifischer Betrachtung bedarf. Es werden Daten einer Schüler:innenbefragung (N = 6.715) herangezogen, die vom Kriminologischen Forschungsinstitut Niedersachsen durchgeführt und vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass rechtsextreme Einstellungen mit dem Konsum politischer Websites in Verbindung stehen (insbesondere bei Jungen). Vernetzung und Posting-Verhalten weisen (unabhängig vom Geschlecht) nur geringe Zusammenhänge mit rechtsextremen Einstellungen auf.
STUDY OF HANDOVER PRACTICES AMONG NURSING STAFF OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NORTH INDIA
Authors: Amin Irum , F.A Jan , Shanawaz H. , A. Sofi Fayaz , Junaid Khursheed Sahibzada
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to implement a standardized guiding nursing handover protocol and assess its impact on handoff practices. A total of 282 handover observations were analyzed before and after the intervention, and various factors related to handoffs were examined, including time specificity, place of handoffs, methods used, patient involvement, and nursing staff satisfaction. The study found that less experienced nurses faced challenges with handoffs, and the majority of handoffs occurred during evening and night shifts. Patient involvement during handovers was minimal, particularly in emergency and ward settings. The study also revealed the need for training and guidance on handoffs, as many nurses had not received adequate instruction in this area. Following the intervention, improvements were observed in terms of timing precision, duration of handovers, inclusion of bedside handoffs, and satisfaction with the information received during handovers. The study highlights the importance of effective handover practices in ensuring patient safety and suggests the implementation of training programs and standardized guidelines for handoffs.
SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS REVEALING EXTENSIVE AORTIC DISSECTION: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Najib Bouhabba , Zakariya Hamdani , Imane Meziane , Youssef Hnach , Driss El Jaouhari Sidi , Mohamed Tarchouli
Published: April 2024

Severe acute pancreatitis is a frequent reason for hospitalization in the intensive care unit. Biliary and alcoholic etiologies are the most frequent. Vascular etiology, particularly ischemic etiology, is rare. Its often-serious consequences raise the question of how to proceed: should surgical treatment be provided, or should medical care be delayed? This study reports the case of an 87-year-old patient, known to be hypertensive, admitted to the emergency department of the Oued Eddahab military hospital with excruciating epigastric abdominal pain. Investigations revealed severe acute pancreatitis of ischemic origin following thoracoabdominal aortic dissection extending to the superior mesenteric artery. A review of the literature revealed only 15 similar cases of acute pancreatitis of ischemic origin associated with aortic dissection. This underlines the rarity of this situation, and the absence of standardized recommendations for the management of this exceptional situation, which presents the clinician with the dilemma of whether to opt for surgical or medical management. This case demonstrated the exceptional role of medical imaging in the context of severe acute pancreatitis, in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and etiology. It also highlighted the importance of an individualized approach based on multidisciplinary consultation, given the absence of recommendations and the paucity of literature.
PORTE FOLIO DES COMPETENCES PRATIQUES DU RESIDENT EN CHIRURGIE PLASTIQUE AU MAROC
Authors: Alami Z. , Idelkheir L. , Zine-Eddine I. , Atiqi El , Lmaalla Y. , Aitbelassel O. , a Laamrani , Benchamkha Y.
Published: April 2024

In Morocco, plastic surgery is a comprehensive specialty that encompasses various domains. The training is lengthy and rigorous, involving residents in a extensive curriculum with both theoretical education and practical hospital training. The study aims to assess residents skills, define mastered procedures, and collect feedback to enhance the quality of education.A secondary objective is to create a portfolio using digital support: https://sites.google.com/view/comptencespratiqueduresident/accueil. To enable residents to track their progress and make informed decisions about their career in plastic surgery. We hope this educational tool will find its rightful place in the training of plastic surgery residents.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION - A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Kumar Srivastava Avinash , a Vandana ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Negi Mudita ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Painuly Paridhi ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar.
Published: April 2024

Cirrhosis is characterized by severe liver scarring and impaired liver function, typically marks the advanced stage of chronic liver disease. Prolonged exposure to toxins such as alcohol or viral infections primarily causes scarring. Initially, it may progress slowly without noticeable symptoms. However, as liver function deteriorates, serious complications can arise. In classical Ayurvedic texts, it is mentioned as Yakritdalludara.In this case report, a male patient of 40 years of age cameas a diagnosed case of cirrhosis of liver with portal Hypertension with complaints of indigestion, constipation, weakness, nausea and acidity in the OPD of kayachiktsa,drugs such as Kayakalp kwath, Sarvakalp kwath ,Livogrit, Arogyavardhini vati, Livamrit Advance , Punarnavadi mandoor, Haritaki churna , aloe vera juice was given which are effective in pacifying the pitta dosha and purifying the blood and exhibiting immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective action, results into ultimately alleviate underlying symptoms of the patient and liver functioning.
ANALISYS OF TEMPERATURE CHANGES DURING LIGHT POLYMERIZATION OF RESIN MODIFIED CALCIUM SILICATE CEMENTS
Authors:   Medical University, Department Conservative Dentistry, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Dimitrova Ivanka
Published: April 2024

Resin-modified calcium silicate cements belong to the fourth generation. This type of material is a combination of calcium silicates and resin. They are hardened by two types of reactions: light polymerization and hydration. Ð arameters related to temperature increases during light polymerization were analyzed. The main factors affecting the amount of generated heat are the type of light sources (LS), the light intensity of LS, the position of LS, the distance between the material surface and LS, the composition and transmission properties of hybrid material, curing time, remaining dentin thickness and the thickness of the layer of hybrid CSCs. Different methods of measuring temperature changes are criticall discussed.
Clinical observation of the long-term course of COVID-19 infection in a patient with an immunodeficiency condition
Authors: Nikolaeva N. A. , Voronkova O. O. , Glukhova S. M. , Nagornaya P. A. , Rogova E. F. , Lishuta A. S. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Belenkov Yu. N.
Published: April 2024

The new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a real challenge for the world’s population. Despite the fact that vaccines have been developed and the effectiveness of antiviral drugs has been demonstrated, COVID-19 continues to be an urgent problem. SARS-CoV-2 is genetically modified due to the accumulation of mutations, new strains with high virulence appear that distort the immune response. In addition, it has been shown that the virus can persist in the body for a long time, which ensures the maintenance of an inflammatory response and causes the persistence and recurrence of symptoms after acute infection, especially in certain groups of patients. The article presents a clinical case of a long-term course of new coronavirus infection with predominant lung damage in the form of interstitial changes and persistent inflammation for 7 months from the moment of diagnosis against the background of an immunodeficiency condition due to the patient’s lymphoma in remission after polychemotherapy, exclusion of pulmonary embolism and progression of lymphoproliferative disease. The article highlights the difficulties of determining the criteria for a post-COVID and the features of its treatment using long-term therapy with systemic glucocorticosteroids, inhalation administration of tauractant (Surfactant-BL) in comparison with the dynamic assessment of total ventilation disorders and dynamic control of MSCT of the chest organs. Thus, the importance of identifying risk factors for the progression of COVID-19-associated conditions in patients with different comorbid backgrounds and identifying criteria for the development of new long-COVID treatment strategies is emphasized.
Assessment of the Quality of Life of Families of Children With Autism
Authors:   College of Social Work, Belgrade, Serbia, Ilic Vladimir , Stepanovic Sasa ,   College of Social Work, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: April 2024

Being a parent of a child who exhibits atypical developmental patterns and encounters numerous difficulties necessitates parents to assume the roles of advocates and coordinators for their child’s services, thereby limiting the scope for personal fulfillment. This research endeavors to ascertain whether disparities exist in the quality of life between parents of typically developing children and parents of children with autism. Additionally, it aims to explore parental satisfaction with parenthood and the experience of parental stress. The study encompassed a cohort of 90 families, comprising 45 families with typically developing children and 45 families with children diagnosed with autism. To facilitate data collection, a comprehensive questionnaire was devised, capturing fundamental information. Furthermore, two scales, namely the Parental Satisfaction Scale and the Parental Stress Scale, were employed to assess parental perspectives. The results, obtained through nonparametric group comparison techniques, substantiate a significantly heightened level of parental stress among parents of children with autism. Moreover, noteworthy discrepancies were observed across essential domains of parental satisfaction. An unprecedented finding arising from this investigation, not documented in extant literature, pertains to the prevalent inclination of parents whose firstborn and solitary child has autism to conceive another child, motivated by apprehensions of autism recurrence and concerns surrounding their capacity to devote sufficient attention to a child with autism.
New Paradigm of Education: A Review on Analyzing the Effectiveness of Vocabulary Learning Through Animation Movies in English Language Classrooms
Authors:   VIT Vellore, Tamilnadu, India, Regina D. , Rajasekaran W. Christopher ,   VIT Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
Published: April 2024

Vocabulary is often overlooked by educators, yet it is one of the most important aspects of language learning. It is essential for all four language abilities, as it is linked to writing, reading, speaking, and listening. Without comprehensive vocabulary knowledge, students may not be successful in acquiring English as a language. One potential way for English language students to improve their vocabulary is to use multimedia sources like animated movies. Animated movies can provide significant benefits to students by using visual aids that enhance comprehension and facilitate improved learning outcomes. This paper aims to understand the effectiveness of vocabulary learning and teaching through animated movies. This article investigates the efficacy and role of animated films in the acquisition of vocabulary. The articles reviewed for this paper focus on the development, analysis, and examination of animated movies for enhancing vocabulary acquisition. In addition, the paper examines the research design, method, and theory that support the use of animated films in research. The review paper implies that animation films enhance vocabulary more effectively than traditional classroom settings.
Speech Sound Disorders of Children With Mental Delays
Authors:   Department of Speech Therapy, College Heimerer, Kosovo, Kacka Muljaim , Kika Bardha ,   Department of Speech Therapy, College Heimerer, Kosovo, Morina Elina ,   Department of Speech Therapy, College Heimerer, Kosovo, Marmullaku Sevdije ,   Department of Speech Therapy, College Heimerer, Kosovo
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to investigate the speech sounds processes of children diagnosed with mental delays. Additionally, we explored all the sounds of the Albanian language, in level of articulation. We recruited 50 children, including 25 boys and 25 girls, with a mean age of 7.68 years. The results support the hypothesis that children diagnosed with mental delays are prone to speech sounds difficulties. Therefore, emphasizing the importance of possible risks in communication level is needed in order to address the needs of children with mental delays. Finally, this study is one of the first that investigated the phenomena of speech sounds difficulties in children with mental delays in Kosovar context.
An Investigation of Social Care in Elementary School Students
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Colombo Street, No. 1, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Anggito Albi , Purwanta Edi ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Colombo Street, No. 1, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Saptono Bambang ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Colombo Street, No. 1, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Published: April 2024

The implementation of learning activities based on cooperative activities and mutual interaction is quite limited during the COVID-19 pandemic so that students’ concern is not well honed. The purpose of this study is to survey the condition of the social care character of elementary school students in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a survey by distributing questionnaires to elementary school students. The scale used in this study is the Guttman scale. The results showed that the social care character of elementary school students is still low and needs to be reinforced after the pandemic through cooperative learning-based activities and other social activities. Most students still often experience bullying by their friends. Therefore, there needs to be efforts from various parties to reinvigorate the social caring character of elementary school students.
Exploring the Distance Learning Experience by Parents and Teachers of Students With Disabilities During Covid-19: A Case Study
Authors:   Special Education and Developmental Laguage disorder, Al-Qasemi Academic College of Education, Tallas-Mahajna Naila
Published: April 2024

This study examined the experiences of Palestinian parents (n=105) and teachers (n=99) for students with disabilities by the shift to distance Learning during Covid 19, in focusing on communication, student progress, support services, and stress levels. Participants answered a Likert scale questionnaire and three open questions. Findings revealed no significant differences between parents and teachers related to the examine parameters but it is indicated the gender as a significant factor in stress levels. Males, whether parents or teachers, reported less stress. Mothers expressed the least satisfaction with support services, contrasting with female teachers. This highlights possible disparities for mothers in accessing vital support during remote learning. Distance learning introduces distinct challenges, with both teachers and parents highlighting the need for proficiency in online platforms. Emphasizing tech-savviness is crucial in today's educational setting. Both groups stressed the importance of emotional support, extending this need to everyone involved. The conclusion underscores the importance of joint solutions tailored to the specific requirements of students, parents, and teachers.