bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sozialtheorie des Bildes
Authors: Breckner Roswitha
Published: May 2015

Dieses Buch entwickelt eine Methode zur interpretativen Bildanalyse. Das Verfahren, das im Kern als »Segmentanalyse« konzipiert ist, gründet in klassischen Symbol- und aktuellen Bildtheorien und schließt an methodologische Prinzipien der interpretativen Soziologie an. In exemplarischen Analysen vorwiegend fotografischer Bilder aus verschiedenen sozialen Feldern wird gezeigt, wie eine empirisch ausgerichtete und theoretisch fundierte Bildsoziologie entstehen kann.
Gender Trouble in der Bundeswehr
Authors: Dittmer Cordula
Published: May 2015

Gender und Militär - eine der Wissenschaft bislang weitgehend verschlossene Welt. Dieses Buch gewährt in einmaliger Weise Einblicke in die Lebenswelt von Bundeswehr-Soldatinnen und -Soldaten sowie deren Identitätskonstruktionen. Über die Verknüpfung von Ergebnissen der Militärsoziologie, der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung sowie der Genderforschung mit der Analyse von Interviews vermittelt die Studie detailreiche Einblicke in die besondere Bedeutung von Genderordnungen bei Auslandseinsätzen und das sich darin manifestierende soldatische Selbstverständnis.
Bürger in die Verwaltung!
Authors: Krosigk Rüdiger von
Published: May 2015

Der von Zeitgenossen als Entfremdung und Bedrohung empfundene »Dualismus« von Staat und Gesellschaft im Zeichen einer wachsenden Bürokratisierung des Fürstenstaates ist ein zentrales Thema der Geschichte »moderner« Staatlichkeit im 19. Jahrhundert. Von der vormärzlichen Bürokratiekritik ausgehend schildert Rüdiger von Krosigk den Kampf der liberalen und demokratischen Bewegung in Baden für eine Demokratisierung der Staatsverwaltung: »Volkstümlich« sollte die Verwaltung werden! Diese Forderung verstummte mit dem Scheitern der Revolution von 1848/49 nicht, sondern wurde vielmehr in Badens »Neuer Ära« der 1860er Jahre unter neuen Vorzeichen mit dem Bezirksrat realisiert. Dieses Buch schlägt ein neues Kapitel der Geschichte »moderner« Staatlichkeit im 19. Jahrhundert auf.
A Note on the Equivalence of the Conjectural Variations Solution and the Coefficient of Cooperation
Authors: Escrihuela-Villar Marc
Published: May 2015

This note shows that in a general symmetric quantity-setting oligopoly, the conjectural variations solution replicates that of a model where the “coefficient of cooperation” defined by
Do natural pictures mean natural tastes? Assessing visual semantics experimentally
Authors: Smith Viktor , Barratt Daniel , Selsøe Sørensen Henrik
Published: May 2015

A widespread assumption in Danish consumer law is that if the package of a food product carries a picture of a potentially taste-giving ingredient (say, a strawberry), then consumers will expect the corresponding taste to stem primarily from that ingredient rather than from artificial flavouring. However, this is not expected to be the case if the packaging carries only a verbal indication of the potential ingredient (say, the word
Cognitive and cathectic dimensions of semiosis
Authors: Deely John
Published: May 2015

It has been clear for some time – particularly since
Yau–Tian–Donaldson correspondence for K-semistable Fano manifolds
Authors: Li Chi
Published: May 2015

Using the recent compactness results of Tian and Chen–Donaldson–Sun, we prove the K-semistable version of Yau–Tian–Donaldson correspondence for Fano manifolds.
Modeling and Experimental Investigation of a Periodically Excited Hybrid Energy-Harvesting Generator
Authors: Hofmann Viktor , Kleyman Gleb , Twiefel Jens
Published: May 2015

In this article the modeling of a broadband energy harvester utilizing piezoelectric and electromagnetic effects for rotational applications is presented. The hybrid energy harvester consists of a one-side-clamped piezoelectric bimorph with a solenoid on the free end and is excited periodically but non-harmonically by magnets that are fixed on a rotating object. To estimate and describe the performance of the energy harvester concept a linear semi-analytical model for the bimorph and the solenoid is developed and then enhanced for non-harmonic system oscillations by decomposing them into their harmonic components. A comparison between the calculated and measurement signals of a prototype device shows great conformity. According to model-based and experimental analysis, the hybrid system has good broadband behavior regarding electric power output. That aspect makes the device a perfect energy-harvesting system for application with highly fluctuating revolution speeds like miniature wind turbines.
Water vapour sorption of wood modified by acetylation and formalisation – analysed by a sorption kinetics model and thermodynamic considerations
Authors: Himmel Sarah , Mai Carsten
Published: May 2015

The water vapour sorption data of untreated (Wuntr), acetylated (Wac) and formaldehyde-treated (WFA) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood were analysed in terms of their sorption kinetics and were transformed into excess surface work (ESW) isotherms. The sorption kinetics were studied by fitting the non-linear parallel exponential kinetics (PEK) model to the experimental data in which the sorption kinetics curve is composed of two processes (fast and slow components). Wac and WFA showed evident differences in their sorption kinetics and their thermodynamic sorption behaviour. In contrast to acetylation, formalisation influenced both the extent of the slow sorption process and the shape of its pseudoisotherm. For Wuntr and Wac, it appears that some water associated with the slow process is adsorbed at sites for fast sorption newly generated upon swelling (previously postulated as extra water) and subsequently desorbed by the fast process. For WFA, the formation of extra water hardly occurs. ESW was reduced through acetylation with a constant factor over the whole hydroscopic range, whereas the ESW of WFA was reduced only after reaching the monolayer capacity compared to its control. The sorption behaviour of Wac was solely determined by cell wall bulking, whereas that of WFA was governed by the increased matrix stiffness due to cross-linking of the cell wall polymers.
The Struggle in Defense of Baikal: The Shift of Values and Disposition of Forces
Authors: Yanitsky Oleg
Published: May 2015

The paper is aimed at the analysis of evolution of values and disposition of forces involved in the long-term international conflict around the closure of the pulp and paper mill (P&PM) and the reconstruction of the company town of Baykalsk, both located near Lake Baikal, the biggest freshwater lake in the world. The conflict’s six phases are: construction and opening of the pulp and paper mill, P&PM (1967-84); the perestroika (1985-90); the collapse of the USSR (1991); the Russian financial crisis (1998); the struggle against the tracing of a transnational oil pipe-line near Baikal shore (2001-06); and the economic crisis (2008). In each phase, the activity of Russian environmentalists is considered under the following aspects: political opportunity structure, main actors, constituency, key values, forms of activity, kind of mobilization and resources for it, and the outcome of the struggle. The paper is focused on the evolution of the relationship between the state and the environmental movement.
‘Creating (Local) Space for Change’: Strengthening Agroecological Farming and Fair Trade Practices in the State of Jalisco, Western Mexico
Authors: Gerritsen Peter R. W.
Published: May 2015

The article describes the experience of the Network for Sustainable Agricultural Alternatives (RASA: Red de Alternativas Sustentables Agropecuarias) in western Mexico, which can be considered an initiative of civil society constituted by different social actors constructing new strategies for sustainable rural development. Presented here are different aspects of the RASA, whose work focuses on farmer training in agroecology and, recently also, fair trade practices, the insights gained and the challenges that lie ahead for strengthening sustainable rural development. The RASA can be considered a social organization with characteristics of the so-called new social movements that seek for an increasing role of civil society in political decision-making, in this case regarding rural development in Mexico.
The Challenge of Anthropogenic Climate Change for the Social Sciences
Authors: Murphy Raymond
Published: May 2015

This paper argues that climate change throws down a challenge for the social sciences. They can no longer rely on exclusively social indicators and relative ones, but must include absolute biophysical indicators in their investigations. Accurate analyses of the social causes and consequences of anthropogenic climate change require that they capture the complexity of lay and scientific knowledge, and the nuances of uncertainty, of nature, and of language rather than relying on oversimplified notions. The paper examines whether resilience is a protective strategy under uncertainty and whether disasters are likely to impel mitigation of global warming. It assesses lofty post-carbon utopia discourse and suggests instead the comparative analysis of successful and unsuccessful societies in preventing anthropogenic global warming. To illustrate such an analysis, the paper sketches a study of the different developmental channels of Northern Europe and North America.
Welcome Frustrations with the Climate: Comment on Redclift
Authors: Gross Matthias
Published: May 2015

Redclift (2011) provided a timely and perhaps deliberately provocative overview of sociological writings on climate change and the disciplinary problems of a post carbon world for environmental sociology. This comment emphasizes that he never actually clarifies what exactly are those problems that sociology faces in its attempt to open up a space for itself in the field of climate research. This omission also leads to unnecessary claims regarding the state of social science research on climate change as well as unspecified calls for more interdisciplinarity in sociological analysis of contemporary societies’ carbon dependence.
Rethinking Native Anthropology: Migration and Auto-Ethnography in the Post-Accession Europe
Authors: Kempny Marta
Published: May 2015

This paper embarks on the epistemological debate on native anthropology and examines the complexities inherent in the process of production of ethnographic knowledge in the post-accession Europe. The author first addresses the questions of reflexivity in anthropology. In relation to this, the paper discusses the interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives on researcher’s positionality in the field of the study and situatedness of knowledge claims. Subsequently, the author demonstrates how their own status as a native anthropologist was played out in their ethnographic fieldwork among Polish migrants in Belfast. To this end, the author examines their positionality in the field, pointing to intricacies of the insider/outsider status. Next, the paper focuses on the dialectics at work in carrying out an ethnographic study among the members of the same ethnic group, but away from home. It indicates potential disadvantages and advantages deriving from such a situation.
The Concept and Practice of Social Enterprise. Lessons from the Italian Experience
Authors: Borzaga Carlo , Galera Giulia
Published: May 2015

Social enterprises are increasingly regarded as successful mechanisms for reconciling equity and efficiency with the creation of economic and social value, and they can be interpreted as concrete expressions of a growing sense of social responsibility on the part of citizens. Research conducted in various geographical contexts corroborates that social enterprises are a structural trend, which cuts across countries with diverse characteristics. Following a historical contextualization of the social enterprise, the article focuses on a conceptual analysis. Next, attention is paid to the diffusion of social enterprises in the enlarged Europe, including countries where social enterprises have been acknowledged; countries where social enterprises are increasingly regarded as a unique way whereby unmet needs can be addressed; and countries where social enterprise-like initiatives happen to emerge despite the predominance of unfavourable conditions. Finally, attention is paid to social enterprises in Italy and specifically to the key factors explaining their success.
Social Cooperatives in Greece. Introducing New Forms of Social Economy and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Nasioulas Ioannis
Published: May 2015

In this article, we investigate on the historical and civic foundations, along with emerging potentials of social cooperatives in Greece. Constituting the most innovative actor of social economy in the country, currently introduced institutional forms of social cooperatives enhance an already plural and vibrant field of not-for-profit activity, which was regrettably left to stagnate under political patronage and structural deficiencies. The introduction of Social Entrepreneurial Cooperatives by Law 4019/2011 and the explicit recognition of social economy for the first time, provide for a decisive jumpstart toward a viable structuration of the field. Along with a concise theorization on the concepts of social economy and social enterprise, a (highly practical for non-Greek speaking readers) integrated register of cooperative entities, cooperative legislation and auditing authorities in Greece is annexed.
Everyday Mobility: the Normalization of China-Japan Migratory Flows and their ‘Everyday Practice’
Authors: Coates Jamie
Published: May 2015

Chinese migrants now constitute the largest group of registered ‘foreigners’ in Japan, with over 600,000 documented in 2006. This is the result of an intersection between the Chinese government’s drive for educational and economic success, and Japan’s flexible student visa labour system. It is the product of a ‘normalization’ of mobility amongst young mobile Chinese. Based on 20 months fieldwork in Tokyo, Japan, I explore the ways in which the decision to move is experienced as mundane, and how it is negotiated as a form of ‘everyday practice.’ Through this lens, this article posits multiple relationships between mobility, its limits and how this relates to mobile people’s sense of place in the world.
The Work and Life of Corporate Expatriates: New Patterns and Regimes of Mobility in the Knowledge Economy
Authors: D’Andrea Anthony , Gray Breda
Published: May 2015

This article examines how the international mobility of corporate professionals is entwined with the rise of the knowledge economy within a ‘flexible’ capitalist system. As telecommunication technologies transform the economy, transnational organizations have been employing mobility strategies that affect the work and life of highly-skilled professionals and their families. Evidence is reviewed through a perspective of mobile labor studies, assuming international professional mobility as a privileged site of analysis. The article outlines the corporate expatriate population as the background for comparing mobility practices and regimes adopted by conventional and information-intensive industries. This comparison seeks to identify what is specific and new about professional mobility in the knowledge economy. The analysis confirms that patterns of mobility in information-intensive industries are more dynamic, unstable and contingent - in a word, more “flexible” - than those found in conventional or mature industries.
Managing Distress, Effecting Empowerment: A Conversation Analytic Case Study of a Call to the Home Birth Helpline
Authors: Shaw Rebecca , Kitzinger Celia
Published: May 2015

One of the most pressing concerns for many helpline staff is how to manage overt forms of distress and anxiety manifest in ‘troubles talk’, while also encouraging (or ‘empowering’) callers to take action to change the conditions that are creating the distress. Based on an audio-recording of a single call to a Home Birth helpline (drawn from a corpus of 80 such calls), we use conversation analysis to explore how the call-taker negotiates the tension between managing the caller’s distress about her scheduled hospital labour (the ‘presenting problem’), while also encouraging her to arrange a home birth (the ‘problem solution’). We focus on the work the call-taker does to position herself as troubles-talk recipient, while also ensuring that by the end of the encounter the caller has received the information and advice she needs to take action to organise her home birth.
Building Business Relationships Through the Web: How Medical Technology Companies Enroll Stakeholders in Innovation Development and Uptake
Authors: Hivon Myriam , Lehoux Pascale , Longo Christopher J. , Williams-Jones Bryn , Miller Fiona A.
Published: May 2015

Websites are perceived as an additional communication space where public and private institutions and their stakeholders can interact and develop sustainable relationships. Although public relations scholars argue that both companies and consumers may benefit from virtual interactions, the growing online direct-to-consumer advertising and sale of health-related products has raised social and ethical concerns. Our study seeks to clarify the scope and nature of the virtual relationships that are specific to medical devices companies. Through a qualitative analysis of website, we show how four Canadian medical technology companies sought to enroll three types of stakeholders into their innovation development and commercialization strategies: investors, healthcare providers and patients. Our findings show that by reinforcing stereotypical relationships with investors, the websites maintain certain disconnect between the worlds of business and healthcare, and by creating proactive roles for healthcare providers and patients, they contribute to forge ethically convoluted relationships.
Health Champions and Their Circles of Influence as a Communication Mechanism for Health Promotion
Authors: Warwick-Booth Louise , Cross Ruth , Woodall James , Day Rhiannon , South Jane
Published: May 2015

Health Champions are a growing component within the British public health workforce and their roles are now emphasised within the coalition’s Government’s public health strategy. However, there is the need for further exploration of the way in which Health Champions use interpersonal communication within their roles. This paper reports on the findings from a mixed method evaluation of one Health Champion programme in North East England. A key finding was the way in which Health Champions used circles of influence to communicate health knowledge and to try to achieve behaviour change, starting with themselves in the centre of their circle and then moving outwards to influence others such as family, friends and colleagues through their social networks. The paper argues that health champions act as healthy role models within their own circles of influence to successfully communicate health knowledge to those around them.
A Brief Overview of Social Network Analysis and its Current State within Romanian Sociology
Authors: Hâncean Marian-Gabriel
Published: May 2015

The field of social network studies has been growing within the last 40 years, gathering scholars from a wide range of disciplines (biology, chemistry, geography, international relations, mathematics, political sciences, sociology etc.) and covering diverse substantive research topics. Using Google metrics, the scientific production within the field it is shown to follow an ascending trend since the late 60s. Within the Romanian sociology, social network analysis is still in his early spring, network studies being low in number and rather peripheral. This note gives a brief overview of social network analysis and makes some short references to the current state of the network studies within Romanian sociology
The Socio-economic Impact of European Funds on Eastern European Countries
Authors: Păun Cristian
Published: May 2015

European Funds are considered to be o reliable solution for emerging economies from Eastern Europe. These funds are granted by European Union to reduce the gap between countries and to ensure a harmonized development at the level of this group of countries that decided to act together as a united economic entity. In fact, European Funds are previously obtained from taxes applied to all European citizens and redistributed by European Institutions in accordance with predefined principles and rules. The redistributive effect is always present in such situation and has clear impact on economies that are net paying for these funds and on economies that are net benefiting from them. This paper presents the results of a quantitative analysis at the level of ten Eastern European Countries (EEC countries) on the social and economic impact of these funds based on panel regression methodology.
America and Human Capital Formation in Communist Europe Aspirations, Reactions and Results
Authors: Czernecki Igor
Published: May 2015

This paper analyses the Ford Foundation’s 1957 to 1961 intellectual exchange program in Poland. Emerging in the novel context of Washington’s emphasis on cultural diplomacy and Warsaw’s exceptional position in the East Bloc following October 1956, the Foundation’s program was the earliest complex scholarly initiative by a US organization aimed at Europeans under Communist rule. Consequently, for a brief window of time, the Foundation was able to operate an unprecedentedly open exchange under uniquely liberal terms. The program’s genesis and operations will be explained, as well as the reasons for its abrupt suspension and its long-term implications. In particular, I will argue that through the program, the Foundation played a significant role in rebuilding and shaping the social sciences in post-Stalinist Poland.
The Policy of Reducing Study Places in Communist Romania Case Study of the Academic Year 1982-1983
Authors: Gheboianu Matei
Published: May 2015

In the Romanian education system, the 1980s were a time of big constraints. The most severe decline in the number of places in the higher education system occurred in the preparation of the academic year 1982/1983. This trend continued during the following years, albeit it was less drastic. In this paper I try to answer the following questions: Which was the overall significance of the cuts? How were the cuts distributed among forms of higher education – daytime courses, evening courses and extramural courses? Which were the reasons behind these cuts? Were the cuts motivated by the employers’ demand of graduates?
Non-integrated Universities and Long-standing Problems The Universities of Zagreb and Belgrade in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Today
Authors: Baketa Nikola
Published: May 2015

The higher education system of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia displayed three specific characteristics – a) non-integrated universities, b) absence of a federal ministry of education since the 1970s, and b) self-managed Communities of Interest as the decision-maker in the higher education system. Therefore, there was no direct connection between the universities and economic planning. The author considers this to be one of the causes of high unemployment of graduates and brain drain towards Croatia and Serbia. Twenty years after the dissolution of the SFRY, the universities are still not integrated, there aren’t any connections with the market, and the same problems prevail. This paper focuses on the flagship universities from Croatia and Serbia. The author uses the historical institutionalism framework, document analysis and the process tracing method in order to explain and connect these issues. As a conclusion, the author offers three solutions for the reorganization of non-integrated universities.
The Evolution of Artistic Higher Education in Communist Romania between 1948 and 1989
Authors: Maier Valentin
Published: May 2015

Although communist regimes gave priority to technical higher education, artistic higher education also received a small, but constant share of the allocated study places and resources. This study outlines both the general features of this field, and its statistical evolution. After 1948, artistic higher education (music, fine and decorative arts, film, theatre and television) went through many changes in order to adapt to communist requirements. This paper presents some of the most important changes, what caused them, as well as their consequences. The statistical reconstruction of artistic higher education mainly focuses on the last 30 years of communism, on full-time studies and on four important indicators: total number of students, freshmen, graduates and total number of teaching staff.
Eight-chain and full-network models and their modified versions for rubber hyperelasticity: a comparative study
Authors: Hossain Mokarram , Amin A.F.M.S. , Kabir Muhammad Nomani
Published: May 2015

The eight-chain model, also known as Arruda-Boyce model, is widely used to capture the rate-independent hyperelastic response of rubber-like materials. The parameters of this model are physically based and explained from micromechanics of chain molecules. Despite its excellent performance with only two material parameters to capture bench measurements in uniaxial and pure shear regime, the model is known to be significantly deficient in predicting the equibiaxial data. To ameliorate such drawback, over the years, several modified versions of this successful model have been proposed in the literature. The so-called full-network model is another micromechanically motivated chain model, which has also few modified versions in the literature. For this study, two modified versions of the full-network model have been selected. In this contribution, five modified versions of the Arruda-Boyce model and two modified versions of full-network model are critically compared with the classical eight-chain model for their adequacy in representing equibiaxial data. To do a comparison of all selected models in reproducing the well-known Treloar data, the analytical expressions for the three homogeneous deformation modes, that is, uniaxial tension, equibiaxial tension, and pure shear have been derived and the performances of the selected models are analysed. The comparative study demonstrates that modified Flory-Erman model, Gornet-Desmorat (GD) model, Meissner-Matějka model, and bootstrapped eight-chain model predict well the three deformation modes compare to the classical eight-chain model.
Microstructural evolution and sliding wear studies of copper-alumina micro- and nano-composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Dash Khushbu , Chaira Debasis , Ray Bankim Chandra
Published: May 2015

Copper-alumina nanocomposites of 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 vol.% alumina (average size <50 nm) reinforced in copper matrix were fabricated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Another set of microcomposites containing 1, 5, 20 vol.% of alumina (average size ∼10 μm) had been fabricated to compare the physical as well as mechanical attributes of composites with variation of reinforcement particle size. These micro- and nano-composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) followed by microhardness, nanoindentation hardness, and wear measurements. It has been found that hardness values are higher for nanocomposites as compared to microcomposites. It is also found that wear resistance increases with increasing alumina content. The microcomposites show better wear resistance than nanocomposites for the same composition. The interaction of copper and alumina results in the formation of CuAlO2which manifests differential interfacial phenomenon. We have obtained 95.82% densification and 93.17 HV hardness for spark plasma sintered Cu-20 vol.% Al2O3microcomposite. The wear rate is appreciably low, that is, 0.86×10-4mm3N-1m-1for 20 vol.% alumina reinforced copper microcomposite.
Aquatic locomotion of the terrestrial opossum Didelphis aurita (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) using undulatory swimming mode
Authors: Graipel Maurício E. , Santori Ricardo T.
Published: May 2015

This note reports the first record of undulatory swimming mode by the black-eared opossum
Diet of brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and food availability in High Andean mountains (Mendoza, Argentina)
Authors: Puig Silvia , Rosi María I. , Videla Fernando , Méndez Eduardo
Published: May 2015

Diet selection by
Memory efficient lagged-Fibonacci random number generators for GPU supercomputing
Authors: Andersen Timothy D. , Mascagni Michael
Published: May 2015

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) bring the promise of supercomputing power for a fraction of the cost of traditional supercomputing, with possible speed-ups over comparable CPU hardware of one or two orders of magnitude. Rapid development of both proprietary libraries, such as NVIDIA's CUDA, and an open standard, OpenCL, have opened the doors to the GPU's cheap computing power. Unfortunately, random number generators (RNGs) have been slow to catch up with the rapid expansion of GPU computing. The number of types of RNGs available for GPUs is small, and the statistical quality of those provided with standard libraries are frequently unknown. Because specific RNGs may have statistical quality for certain applications, new kinds of RNGs must be made available for GPU computing to bring the full power of GPUs to different kinds of research. Lagged-Fibonacci Generators (LFGs), in particular, have been difficult to develop for memory-challenged GPUs because of their large state space, which is unfortunate because they have excellent statistical properties for many applications. In this paper, we discuss our implementation of memory efficient, integer, cycle-split, additive and multiplicative LFGs for both CUDA and OpenCL. The latter LFG has been implemented neither for GPUs nor as a split-steam parallel generator before. We also discuss portability and reproducibility between CPUs and GPUs.
Waiting for the Change: A Long and Disappointing Search for Multiculturalism and Inclusion
Authors: Algozzine Bob
Published: May 2015

Inclusion or providing educational opportunities for students with disabilities alongside their natural neighbors and peers remains a highly valued goal for special educators. Ensuring that special education services are available to individuals in all ethnic groups and that no ethnic groups are disproportionately placed in special education remains an equally important quest. Inclusion or providing educational opportunities for all students alongside their natural neighbors and peers remains a highly valued goal for me. Ensuring that effective educational practices are available and provided to all students and that no cultural, ethnic, or other groups are disproportionately placed in ineffective education settings remains an equally important quest. Personal and professional concerns related to a continuing lack of progress in achieving these significant and important multicultural and inclusive goals are highlighted in this article.
Modeling, identification, and control for the production of glycerol by the hydrolysis of tallow
Authors: Thirunavukarasu Narayani , Panda Rames C.
Published: May 2015

Most of the oleochemical industries use glycerol as raw material for its adverse commercial applications in various fields. In spite of many available methods to produce glycerol from tallow, hydrolysis is one of the most feasible and widely used methods that draw the attention of doing more research for ensuring the safe operation, production level improvement, and accuracy of the synthesis process. The synthesis using biochemical methods in immobilized packed column lacks fastness compared to that of chemical means, which is enriched with more research problems. To attain inherent safety, improved process control methods need to be designed, which requires the knowledge of transient dynamics and sensitivity analysis of the process. This paper gives a state-of-the-art review of experimental analysis, mathematical modeling, parametric identification, and integrated control systems using sensors, actuators, and respective multiloop controllers for the production of glycerol and fatty acids from tallow fat through chemical/biochemical hydrolysis.
The Touch of the Cinaedus
Authors: Young Elizabeth Marie
Published: May 2015

The epigrams of the Carmina Priapea comically celebrate the exploits of the ithyphallic god Priapus, most often seen lording over his garden threatening would-be thieves with rape. In so doing, they promote a phallocentric sex-gender ideology whose valorized position was reserved for the active man who could control himself and dominate others. But the physical experience of reading these poems runs counter to the codes of masculinity their content upholds. Their rhythms and sounds immerse the reader in a range of all-over pleasures that undermine the bodily comportment championed and embodied by Priapus himself. They thereby invite their readers to experience what I call the touch of the cinaedus, an expansive sensuality associated with this maligned sexual type. The Carmina Priapea's ongoing suggestion that entering this garden of verse will turn its readers into cinaedi might, then, be read as a promise as well as a threat. This promise is no less than the promise of poetry itself, a form of linguistic organization that invites all readers to revel in the cinaedus' liberating touch.
Visual Culture and Ancient History
Authors: Elsner Jaś
Published: May 2015

Through a specific example, this paper explores the problems of empiricism and ideology in the uses of material-cultural and visual evidence for the writing of ancient history. The focus is on an Athenian documentary stele with a fine relief from the late fifth century bc, the history of its publications, and their failure to account for the totality of the object's information—sculptural and epigraphic—let alone the range of rhetorical ambiguities that its texts and images implied in their fifth-century context. While the paper reflects on the Samos Stele (the meanings of the dexiosis of the figures represented, and the repeated references to the “goodness” of the Samians with respect to the Athenians, for instance), it also considers the broader hermeneutic problems of approaching the different discourses ofword and imagewithin antiquity andworries about the distortions introduced into ancient history by modern formulations, descriptions, and translations of the past.
Strauss and Hofmannsthal's Arabella and the Resacralization of the Operatic Tradition
Authors: Brooks Marc
Published: May 2015

The obvious debt that Strauss's operas owe to Wagner often led early critics to view their conspicuous lack of spiritual depth as an unintentional failure. Recent commentators such as Charles Youmans, Leon Botstein, and Michael Walter have rightly characterized this feature as a conscious Nietzschean strategy calculated to avoid or ironize metaphysical tropes. Following the critique of the concept of “secularization” by Jürgen Habermas and Charles Taylor, however, I wish to complicate this newer interpretation by arguing that Strauss's operas do not represent the point in music history when German music threw off its pretentions to Kunstreligion, but mark yet another point of “re-sacralization”—a term I borrow from Simon Critchley's Faith of the Faithless (2012).

The Wagner-indebted music in Arabella (1933)—an opera given much less critical attention than it deserves—certainly never gestures toward any transcendent truth beyond the physical confines of what is presented. Nevertheless, I argue, a sacred economy still operates in the opera whereby certain aspects of the immanent stage-world are figured as “sacred” and others as “profane.” It is possible to trace the influence of the operas Tannhäuser and Parsifal on Arabella, specifically in the harmonic, rhythmic, and timbral techniques Wagner used to mark certain suprahuman forces as possessing a transcendent aura. The music of Arabella uses moderated versions of these techniques to redistribute the same sacred status onto different aspects of material and psychological reality.
Flow cytometric analysis of FSHR, BMRR1B, LHR and apoptosis in granulosa cells and ovulation rate in merino sheep
Authors: Regan Sheena L P , McFarlane James R , O'Shea Tim , Andronicos Nicholas , Arfuso Frank , Dharmarajan Arun , Almahbobi Ghanim
Published: May 2015

The aim of the present study was to determine the direct cause of the mutation-induced, increased ovulation rate in Booroola Merino (BB) sheep. Granulosa cells were removed from antral follicles before ovulation and post-ovulation from BB (n=5) and WT (n=12) Merino ewes. Direct immunofluorescence measurement of mature cell surface receptors using flow cytometry demonstrated a significant up-regulation of FSH receptor (FSHR), transforming growth factor beta type 1, bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR1B), and LH receptor (LHR) in BB sheep. The increased density of FSHR and LHR provide novel evidence of a mechanism for increasing the number of follicles that are recruited during dominant follicle selection. The compounding increase in receptors with increasing follicle size maintained the multiple follicles and reduced the apoptosis, which contributed to a high ovulation rate in BB sheep. In addition, we report a mutation-independent mechanism of down-regulation to reduce receptor density of the leading dominant follicle in sheep. The suppression of receptor density coincides with the cessation of mitogenic growth and steroidogenic differentiation as part of the luteinization of the follicle. The BB mutation-induced attenuation of BMPR1B signaling led to an increased density of the FSHR and LHR and a concurrent reduction in apoptosis to increase the ovulation rate. The role of BMPs in receptor modulation is implicated in the development of multiple ovulations.
Mating and Memory: An Educational Primer for Use with “Epigenetic Control of Learning and Memory in Drosophila by Tip60 HAT Action”
Authors: Schmidt Rebecca L , Sheeley Sara L
Published: May 2015

An article by Xu et al. in the December 2014 issue of GENETICS can be used to illustrate epigenetic modification of gene expression, reverse genetic manipulation, genetic/epigenetic influence on behavioral studies, and studies using the Drosophila model organism applied to human disease. This Primer provides background information; technical explanations of genetic, biochemical, and behavioral approaches from the study; and an example of an approach for classroom use with discussion questions to aid in student comprehension of the research article.

Related article in GENETICS: Xu, S., R. Wilf, T. Menon, P. Panikker, J. Sarthi, and F. Elephant, 2014 Epigenetic control of learning and memory in Drosophila by Tip60 HAT action. Genetics 198:1571–1586.
Fortalezas Personales y Hábitos de Salud en Estudiantes Universitarios de Ciencias del Movimiento Humano
Authors: Barrantes-Brais Kristy , Ureña Bonilla Pedro , Gutiérrez Vargas Juan Carlos
Published: May 2015

El propósito de este estudio fue caracterizar y relacionar las fortalezas personales y los hábitos de salud en estudiantes universitarios de carreras de Ciencias del Movimiento Humano. Un total de 234 estudiantes (137 hombres y 97 mujeres) brindaron información sobre fortalezas personales, hábitos de sueño y consumo de sustancias. Se analizaron diferencias entre grupos y correlaciones entre variables. Los resultados sugieren que las fortalezas predominantes son gratitud, curiosidad, integridad, bondad y liderazgo; se encuentran diferencias según género y carrera. Predominan los hábitos saludables, los cuales se asocian con algunas fortalezas. Los estudiantes presentan fortalezas que denotan preocupación por los demás y posibilidades de expresar y ser sensibles a las emociones. Los hábitos saludables y su relación con algunas fortalezas parecen evidenciar coherencia con las características de la unidad académica a la que pertenecen.
Editorial
Authors: Núñez Vergara Manuel
Published: May 2015

Los recursos humanos son el eje fundamental del sistema de salud. Este personal con su trabajo diario expresa los valores y principios, la calidez y calidad que el usuario directamente recibe y percibe en los servicios. La reforma que se encuentra en curso en el sector salud, juega en gran medida su suerte en la medida en que logra que este personal con su entusiasmo, preocupaciones, capacidades y anhelos se comprometa con la reforma. Es por ello que una agenda de recursos humanos requiere construirse confluyendo las miradas y prioridades de gestores, usuarios y trabajadores, lo cual revistiendo alta complejidad es un desafío ineludible.
Patrones de resistencia a antibióticos de Acinetobacter baumannii en un hospital de Colombia
Authors: Chávez Mónica , Gómez Romel F. , Cabrera Cristina E. , Esparza Mario
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Identificar patrones de resistencia en los aislamientos de A. baumannii obtenidos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de Cali, Colombia. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo de corte transversal. Institución: Clínica Universitaria Rafael Uribe Uribe, Cali, Colombia. Materiales: Los aislamientos se obtuvieron de cultivos de muestras de sangre, heridas quirúrgicas, secreción nasal, orina, secreción uretral y puntas de catéter. Intervenciones: Se recolectaron 52 aislamientos durante los años 2009 y 2010. Mediante el análisis del antibiograma se identificaron patrones de resistencia (antibiotipos), se realizó antibiograma cuantitativo y se construyó un cladograma basado en el agrupamiento por el método de promedios aritméticos de grupos apareados no ponderados (conocido en inglés como UPGMA). Principales medidas de resultados: Medida de la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y el coeficiente de similitud generado por las distancias de los diámetros de los halos de inhibición entre dos aislamientos (antibiograma cuantitativo). Resultados: Se identificaron 5 antibiotipos; el 50% de los aislamientos se agruparon en el antibiotipo 1, con resistencia a todos los antibióticos y sensibilidad a tigeciclina y sulperazona; el antibiotipo 4 agrupó los aislamientos con resistencia a todos los antibióticos (19,3%). En el antibiograma cuantitativo se identificó dos clados con 5 y 47 aislamientos, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los aislamientos de Acinetobacter baumannii tuvieron pocas diferencias fenotípicas y es probable que presenten alguna de las β-lactamasas tipo OXA.
La eficiencia del índice de PSA libre en el diagnóstico del cáncer de próstata
Authors: Ortiz José , Almoguer Emilio
Published: May 2015

Objetivos: Determinar la eficiencia de la prueba de índice de PSA libre en el diagnóstico del cáncer de próstata. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo. Lugar: Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, EsSalud, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Pacientes sometidos a biopsia prostática. Intervenciones: Recolección de datos de 371 pacientes sometidos a biopsia prostática -104 casos de cáncer de próstata y 267 casos de hiperplasia benigna de próstata-, mediante la revisión de registros médicos hospitalarios y revisión de estudios anatomopatológicos. Principales medidas de resultados: Sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, valor predictivo negativo, curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic) y el área bajo la curva ROC (ABC). Resultados: El índice de PSA libre con el punto de corte utilizado en la práctica clínica de 0,20 demostró una sensibilidad de 0,85, especificidad de 0,51, valor predictivo positivo de 0,41, valor predictivo negativo 0,90. El punto de corte con una sensibilidad de 0,95 se obtuvo en 0,28. El área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,78. Conclusiones: La prueba de índice de PSA libre demostró una mejora de la especificidad del PSA total para evitar las biopsias innecesarias. Sería recomendable elevar el punto de corte utilizado de 0,20 para aumentar la sensibilidad de la prueba a 95%, a fin de evitar la pérdida de casos detectados de cáncer de próstata.
Guía de aborto terapéutico en el Perú: ¿considera la objeción de conciencia médica?
Authors: Montenegro Díaz Brian , Tafur Ramírez Rosita , Yacarini Martínez Antero
Published: May 2015

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Síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de pregrado de Medicina Humana: un problema escasamente estudiado en el Perú
Authors: Luna Porta Leslie , Mayor Vega Alexander , Taype Rondán Álvaro
Published: May 2015

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Problemas en la calidad de atención en salud: oportunidad de mejora
Authors: Zafra Tanaka Jessica Hanae , Veramendi Espinoza Liz , Villa Santiago Nathaly
Published: May 2015

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Parámetros Genéticos e Índices de Selección para Corderos y Borregas Hampshire bajo Crianza Intensiva en un Rebaño de la Costa Central del Perú
Authors: Carrera Iván , Chávez Juan , Meza Elmer
Published: May 2015

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo caracterizar con fines de mejoramiento genético un rebaño ovino de la raza Hampshire ubicado en la costa central del Perú. Se estimaron parámetros genéticos y fenotípicos para las características Tamaño de Camada al Nacimiento (TCN), Peso de la Camada al Destete (PCD), Peso al Destete a los 2 Meses (PD), Peso de Beneficio a los 5 Meses (PB) y Ganancia de Peso del Destete a los 5 Meses (GPD5), y se elaboraron índices de selección para corderos (I1 e I2) y borregas (I3) utilizando datos acumulados de 2002 a 2004. Se estimaron componentes de variancia y covarianza mediante la metodología de Máxima Verosimilitud Restringida (REML), bajo un modelo mixto que incluyó como factores fijos el sexo, tipo de parto, estación y año de nacimiento, y como efecto aleatorio el padre. Tanto los valores medios fenotípicos para peso corporal en corderos y los productivos y reproductivos en borregas se ubicaron en el estándar racial para sistemas de crianza con nivel tecnológico medio. Los parámetros genéticos correspondieron a los señalados en la literatura, salvo las heredabilidades de TCN (0.26 ± 0.28) y PB (0.36 ± 0.21), que fueron superiores e inferiores, respectivamente, a valores previamente reportados. Las correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas entre pesos mostraron valores positivos medios a altos. Los índices de selección para corderos tuvieron la expresión: I1 = 4.782*PB + 2.864*GPD5 e I2 = 8.263*PD + 3.182*PB + 4.164*GPD5, con coeficientes de correlación de 0.415 y 0.527, respectivamente; y, para las borregas: I3 = + [n*0.0153 / 1 + (n - 1)*0.0153]*( - ), los cuales podrían ser aplicados con fines de selección pero con un relativo grado de eficiencia.
Criterios de Interpretación para California Mastitis Test en el Diagnóstico de Mastitis Subclínica en Bovinos
Authors: Gómez-Quispe Oscar Elisban , Santivañez-Ballón Crhis Stefani , Arauco Villar Fernando , Espezua Flores Oscar Henry , Manrique Meza Jorge
Published: May 2015

El estudio se realizó en el distrito de Tamburco (Abancay, Apurímac, Perú), con el objetivo de comparar la interpretación de los resultados de la prueba «California Mastitis Test» (CMT) en el diagnóstico de la mastitis subclínica en bovinos. Se trabajó con 209 vacas de una población de 459 en ordeño manual, pertenecientes a 95 criadores, donde se evaluaron 828 cuartos mamarios funcionales, y se estimaron los principales criterios de interpretación de la CMT. La prevalencia de mastitis subclínica fue de 72.3 y 65.6% en las vacas y de 48.7 y 42.3% en el total de cuartos mamarios, considerando y sin considerar trazas como positivos, respectivamente, y sin diferencia significativa. La prevalencia de mastitis subclínica en los cuartos mamarios individuales varió entre 48.3 a 49.3% y de 40.0 a 45.5%, según el cuarto, considerando y sin considerar trazas, respectivamente (p<0.05). Se encontró una mayor intensidad de reacción positiva en los grados de 1, 2 y 3 cruces y menor en el grado trazas. El índice de mastitis subclínica (IMSC) fue 1.30, y el índice de bajo riesgo - alto riesgo (I BR/AR) fue de 2.71. Se concluye que los criterios de interpretación de la CMT para mastitis subclínica tienen similares significados, pero cada uno de ellos proporciona detalles particulares de la enfermedad; asimismo, los indicadores IMSC e I BR/AR proveen información útil sobre la dinámica de la mastitis subclínica.