bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Electrooxidation as a Polishing Step for the Residual Water Obtained in a Solar Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Tarango-Brito Eva Carina , Ramos-García Anabel , Ávila-Córdoba Liliana Ivette , Barrera-Díaz Carlos
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Dyes are widely used in many industrial operations for a variety of products; however, when wastewater is discharged without a treatment in rivers and lakes, severe environmental impacts are observed. In this work, the results of a solar wastewater treatment are presented. The solar treatment consists in parabolic heater coupled with a solar distiller which contains a ZnO plate that works as photocatalyst. Distilled water presents good characteristics; nevertheless, a residue that contains dye and intermediate products is also obtained. An electrooxidation treatment using boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDD), is applied at the residue as a polishing step. It was observed that wastewater quality improves when using an aqueous solution of pH 2.7 and a current density of 22.2 mA cm-2. Physicochemical test such as COD, and UV-Vis were used to evaluate the wastewater quality. It was found that 40 minutes are required to attain the improvement. This technology is environmental friendly since low energy is required (5 kW h L-1).
 
Resumen. Los colorantes son ampliamente utilizados en la industria para una gran variedad de productos; cuando se descargan aguas residuales con dichos compuestos en ríos o lagos, ocasionan severas afectaciones al medio ambiente. Este trabajo presenta los resultados obtenidos al someter agua sintética a un proceso consistente en un calentador acoplado a un destilador solar que contiene un fotocatalizador. En dicho procedimiento se obtiene agua destilada de buena calidad, sin embargo, también se genera un agua residual concentrada con presencia de colorante y productos intermediarios. A manera de pulimento se aplica la electrooxidación empleando electrodos de diamante dopados con boro. Con las mejores condiciones: pH 2.7 y densidad de corriente de 22.2 mA cm-2, se encuentra que el agua residual presenta una notable mejoría en características fisicoquímicas de DQO y espectroscopia UV-Vis. Se encontró que es necesario un periodo de tiempo de 40 minutos para mejorar las características del agua concentrada, lo cual hace que este proceso sea ambientalmente amigable, ya que requiere la aplicación de poca energía (5kW h L-1).
Leaf Liquid Extract of Citrus X-Latifolia for Corrosion Inhibition of Structural Steel AISI 1045 in Acidic Environment
Authors: Trinidad González Juan Carlos , Herrera Hernández Héctor , Mandujano Ruiz Araceli , Miranda Hernández José Guadalupe
Published: November 2023

Abstract. In the present research work, the corrosion inhibition capacity of a liquid extract based on Citrus X-Latifolia leaves was evaluated as a green inhibitor that complies with a natural, economical, and environmentally friendly option. The tests were carried out on a carbon steel AISI 1045 exposed to an acid corrosive medium of 10 mL H2SO4 (0.5 M) to which various concentrations of the extract were dosed as follows: 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, 360 and 400 ppm under standard conditions. Characterization by FT-IR was carried out to detect functional groups of the extract. The inhibitory behavior was recorded by electrochemical techniques (Tafel polarization and EIS). Finally, optical microscopy was used to evaluate the corrosion morphology. The results reveal that the adsorption of the extract molecules on steel follows the behavior of a Langmuir isotherm, reaching a maximum efficiency of 89 % with a concentration of 400 ppm. Finally, an evident change in the surface morphology of the steel sample is observed, thus reducing the pitting corrosion attack on AISI 1045 steel.
 
Resumen. En el presente trabajo de investigación se evaluó la capacidad de inhibición de la corrosión de un extracto líquido a base de hojas de Citrus X-Latifolia como inhibidor verde que cumpla como una opción natural, económica y amigable con el medio ambiente. Los ensayos se realizaron sobre un acero al carbono AISI 1045 expuesto a un medio ácido corrosivo de 10 mL de H2SO4 (0,5 M) al que se dosificaron diversas concentraciones del extracto: 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, 360 y 400 ppm en condiciones estándar. Se realizó una caracterización por FT-IR para detectar los grupos funcionales del extracto. El comportamiento inhibitorio se registró mediante técnicas electroquímicas (polarización de de Tafel y EIS). Finalmente, se utilizó microscopía óptica para evaluar la morfología de la corrosión. Los resultados revelan que la adsorción de las moléculas del extracto sobre el acero sigue el comportamiento de una isoterma de Langmuir, alcanzando una eficiencia máxima del 89 % con una concentración de 400 ppm. Finalmente, se observa un cambio evidente en la morfología superficial de la muestra de acero, reduciéndose así el ataque de corrosión por picaduras en el acero al carbono 1045.
Effect of the Tempering Heat Treatment on the Cu-Based Shape Memory Alloy Exposed to a Commonly used Corrosive Medium
Authors: Flores-Sanchez Daniel , Suárez-Rosales Miguel Ángel , Landa-Castro Midori , Gutiérrez-Arzaluz Mirella , Palomar-Pardavé Manuel , Romero-Romo Mario
Published: November 2023

Abstract. In the present work, the corrosion behavior of the as-cast Cu-9Al-3Ag alloy, with shape memory, SMA, and with tempering heat treatments at two temperatures, 400 and 600 °C, were studied. These treatments were selected due to the austenite-martensite phase transition or vice versa. For this investigation, a 0.5 M NaCl electrolyte was used. Micrographs using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show the martensite phase in the Cu-9Al-3Ag alloy, likewise, in the tempered samples the austenite-martensite phases were also observed. For the evaluation of the corrosion behavior, the Tafel model was implemented, for whose curves a potential of ±200 mV was used from the Ecorr. It was observed that the sample with SMA presented a good resistance to corrosion, as well as the tempered samples, unlike the as-cast sample. Finally, impedance tests were carried out using a frequency range of 100 kHz to 10 mHz and an amplitude of 10 mV, in order to observe the resistances to the solution and to the charge transfer present in each one of the samples used.
 
Resumen. En el presente trabajo se estudió el comportamiento de corrosión en la aleación Cu-9Al-3Ag en estado de colada, con memoria de forma en conjunto con tratamientos térmicos de revenido a temperaturas de 400 y 600 °C. Dichos tratamientos fueron seleccionados debido al cambio de transición de fase austenita-martensita o viceversa. Para esta investigación se utilizó un electrolito a 0.5 M NaCl. Las micrografías mediante microscopia óptica y microscopia electrónica de barrido muestran la fase martensita en la aleación Cu-9Al-3Ag, así mismo, en las muestras revenidas se puede observar las fases austenita-martensita. Para la evaluación del comportamiento de corrosión se implementaron las curvas de Tafel, en las cuales se utilizó un potencial de ±200 mV a partir del Ecorr. Se observó que la muestra con SMA presento una buena resistencia a la corrosión al igual que las muestras revenidas a diferencia de la muestra en estado de colada. Por último, se realizaron pruebas de impedancia utilizando un rango de frecuencia de 100 kHz a 10 mHz y una amplitud de 10 mV, con la finalidad de observar las resistencias a la solución y a la transferencia de carga presentes en cada una de las muestras utilizadas.
A Challenge
Authors: Little R. Daniel
Published: November 2023

The present contribution overviews several aspects of my groups’ involvement in the field of mediated electron transfer.  From the laboratories of its pioneers to the present day, the field maintains a position of interest and fundamental importance, and is now widely accepted and utilized.  I begin with a brief review of the basics where we will:

differentiate mediated and direct electrolysis;
highlight similarities between it and sensitized photolyses;
explore the steps/stages associated with a mediated process focusing particularly upon the kinetics and thermodynamics of the electron transfer step;
describe how to overcome the thermodynamic impasse that frequently accompanies electron transfer.
Curriculum and Material Development Using Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) for Teaching Science in Junior High School
Authors: Izzah Navisatul , Wulandari Sri
Published: November 2023

The use of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has been effective to support learning. However, there are still few teachers that implement CLIL in their classroom. The curriculum and material development were made to support science teacher in implementing CLIL in which the integration of both content and language are highlighted. These were designed to enhance bilingual education program in Sekolah Alam Insan Mulia through CLIL. Specifically, these curriculum and material development were for 7th grade students. Using a curriculum and material development approach with 4Cs Framework for analysis, this study involves the design process of incorporating content with CLIL method intended to promote the learning process with high-quality material and learning methods. The process entailed analysing of the context and the curriculum materials, characterizing students’ opportunities to learn effectively, and assessing students’ learning outcomes. The finding of this study is the product of curriculum and material development using CLIL of a unit entitled interaction with ecosystem. The discussion related the implementation of assessment in CLIL and classroom language use is also presented in this article
 
Keywords: CLIL, Curriculum and Material Development, Teaching Science
The Impact of E-Portfolio Assessment Implementation on Polytechnic Students’ Speaking Proficiency and Self-Reflection on Learning Business English
Authors: Liping Qiao , Anisah Abu Hassan Salmah , Yiping Xu
Published: November 2023

As an effective learning and assessment tool, E-portfolio has enjoyed great popularity with its great benefits in improving academic performances. However, few empirical studies have focused on integrating e-portfolio assessment into ESP courses by adopting blended learning mode. This study aims to investigate the effect of e-portfolio on students’ speaking proficiency in an ESP course within the context of blended learning and the learners’ use of self-reflection strategies. Data on students’ performance on the final speaking test, teacher observation and semi-structured interview were collected from second-year Business English students in Ningbo Polytechnics in China. The data were both qualitatively and quantitatively analysed. The findings revealed that the use of e-portfolio had a significant effect on improving students’ speaking proficiency in discourse and interactive communication. Evidence from the study also indicate that guided reflection has enabled students’ active engagement in e-portfolio development and thus their new understanding on the basis of reflection could be integrated into personal practices to help achieve learning outcomes.
Diagnosis of the Rice lodging for the UAV Image using Vision Transformer
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Myung Hyunjung , Kim Seojeong , Choi Kangin , Kim Donghoon , Lee Gwanghyeong , Ahn Hyung-geun , Jeong Sunghwan , Kim Byoungjun
Published: November 2023

The main factor affecting the decline in rice yield is damage caused by localized heavy rains or typhoons. The method of analyzing the rice lodging area is difficult to obtain objective results based on visual inspection and judgment based on field surveys visiting the affected area. it requires a lot of time and money. In this paper, we propose the method of estimation and diagnosis for rice lodging areas using a Vision Transformer-based Segformer for RGB images, which are captured by unmanned aerial vehicles. The proposed method estimates the lodging, normal, and background area using the Segformer model, and the lodging rate is diagnosed through the rice field inspection criteria in the seed industry Act. The diagnosis result can be used to find the distribution of the rice lodging areas, to show the trend of lodging, and to use the quality management of certified seed in government. The proposed method of rice lodging area estimation shows 98.33% of mean accuracy and 96.79% of mIoU.
El lado oscuro de la iluminación LED. La lux de LEDs y las plantas
Authors: Fontana José Luis , Scozzina E. F.
Published: November 2023

La iluminación LED reemplazó paulatinamente otras formas de iluminación, particularmente a partir del presente siglo. Fue un gran adelanto desde aquel momento inicial de la iluminación artificial, hace ya 140 años. Parecía ser la solución a los problemas ambientales por el gran ahorro energético. Pero a pesar de estas ventajas ambientales (ahorro de energía, intensidad de luz, menor huella de carbono), tiene una serie de efectos negativos sobre los organismos. En este trabajo analizamos particularmente los efectos conocidos sobre las plantas, realizando un análisis bibliográfico y mediante experiencias y observaciones propias. Permiten concluir que la iluminación nocturna con led tiene consecuencias negativas sobre la polinización, la germinación, el crecimiento, la brotación, la mayor persistencia de hojas, modificaciones en el fotoperíodo y en el ritmo circadiano, modificando procesos naturales en equilibrio logrado durante miles de años de evolución.
Tutorías: un modelo de enseñanza que promueve un aprendizaje significativo de la física
Authors: Medina Griselda , Sogari Noemí , Lasala Gustavo
Published: November 2023

La siguiente publicación detalla el desarrollo de tutorías aplicadas a la asignatura Electricidad, Magnetismo, Óptica y Sonido en un marco de enseñanza bimodal, que compromete a los alumnos inscriptos en el SIU que en los últimos cuatro años, quienes abandonaron, quedaron libres por inasistencia, por no aprobar los parciales o perdieron la regularidad de las carreras de Bioquímica, Licenciatura en Ciencias Químicas y Profesorado en Ciencias Químicas y del Ambiente de la FaCENA de la UNNE. La propuesta educativa plantea como objetivo la articulación de la enseñanza que involucra las clases de resolución de problemas y teorías de la asignatura. La metodología aplicada promueve el desarrollo de un aprendizaje autónomo, crítico y reflexivo que fortalece la comprensión e interpretación de los fenómenos físicos estudiados, mediante estrategia educativa que interiorizan en una serie de actividades que ofrece e impulsa un aprendizaje significativo y duradero.
Diseño, construcción y funcionamiento de biodigestores en formato kit para su implementación en laboratorios escolares
Authors: Sotelo Galfrascoli Lucia Vanesa , Sogari Noemí , Ricciardi Eduardo
Published: November 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer el proceso de diseño y elaboración de dispositivos que permitirán la transferencia de tecnología, para realizar experimentos educativos que demuestren las transformaciones de la energía con recursos naturales renovables, además de promover el cuidado ambiental. Teniendo en cuenta las acciones a implementarse en las escuelas con los digestores anaeróbicos como ser: construcción, instalación y carga con residuos orgánicos, operación, descarga del bioabono, observación de la generación de biogás como energía no convencional, se logró la construcción de dispositivos generadores de biogás de carga semicontinua y de sistemas Bach con la reutilización de botellas PET. Para el análisis del funcionamiento de estos sistemas digestores se utilizaron diferentes tipos de sustratos.
Medir el coeficiente de tensión superficial en casa
Authors: Pedrini Daniel A. , Merino Carlos A. , Bentz Erika N. , Provasi Patricio F.
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo se propone el diseño de un dispositivo sencillo, factible de ser construido en el hogar y que sirve para medir el coeficiente de tensión superficial. Este dispositivo se basa en el método de Du Noüy-Padday, con una varilla en lugar de una argolla. Se realizó el experimento con el dispositivo construido y se introdujeron algunas correcciones, las que deben medirse previamente. El resultado que se obtuvo para la tensión superficial del agua dista aproximadamente 14% del valor experimental conocido, pero la sencillez del equipo y la realización del experimento en sí resultan un buen incentivo para una clase sobre el tema en los últimos años del nivel medio o los primeros del nivel universitario, en particular, al cuestionar al estudiante sobre el resultado obtenido y cómo mejorar la aproximación al valor conocido.
IMPLEMENTING COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE: COLLABORATION BETWEEN ACTORS IN ORGANIZING BANYUWANGI FESTIVAL
Authors: Harmawan Bagus Nuari , Muttaqin M. Zaenul , Manggalou Singgih
Published: November 2023

The Banyuwangi Festival is the flagship of Banyuwangi tourism on a national level. In addition, the presence of the Banyuwangi Festival also supports the growth of tourist visits to the Banyuwangi area. The success of the Banyuwangi Festival is inseparable from the presence of two significant events, namely the Banyuwangi Ethno Carnival (BEC) and the Gandrung Sewu event. The success of organizing these two significant events cannot be separated from the multi-actor collaboration between the Banyuwangi local government and the private sector to culturalists. This article answers questions about the Collaborative Governance process in the Banyuwangi Festival Program, which consists of the BEC event with the Hybrid Culture theme and Gandrung Sewu with the Traditional theme. This study uses a qualitative comparative method. In Collaborative Governance at the BEC event, the Banyuwangi government cooperates with Dinan Fariz Event Organizer as a private party who provides ideas in terms of conceptual to various detailed elements that support the implementation of a modern carnival. Meanwhile, the Blambangan Arts Council from the Cultural side determines the theme of traditional culture and the party that maintains traditional standards that must be maintained in the implementation of BEC. At the Gandrung Sewu event, the Banyuwangi local government invites cultural cooperation to determine all aspects of culture in the Gandrung Sewu event. Meanwhile, schools and art studios were invited to collaborate to involve their students in the Gandrung Sewu performance. The success of organizing two significant events, namely BEC and Gandrung Sewu, summarized in the Banyuwangi Festival program, cannot be separated from the collaboration of multi-actors who have successfully played their roles by the functions and synergies that have been built between all actors involved.
MAHAKAM ULU FIVE MONTHS ZERO COVID-19 CASES: WHAT IS THE POLICY OF THE MAHAKAM ULU REGENCY GOVERNMENT IN HANDLING COVID-19?
Authors: Budiman Budiman , Berlian Jauchar , Idris Adam , Amin Muhammad Jamal , Rizandy Rezky
Published: November 2023

This study aims to see how the policies carried out by the Mahakam Ulu Regency Government in handling Covid-19. This is based on the fact that in the midst of the widespread spread of Covid-19 cases in East Kalimantan, Mahakam Ulu Regency was able to maintain a status of zero cases from March to early August 2020. Furthermore, this research is a qualitative study. Primary and secondary data are used as data sources in this study. This study uses a purposive sample approach to select sources to determine informants. There were two informants in this study including the Head of the Department of Health, Population Control and Family Planning of Mahakam Ulu Regency who also served as the Covid-19 Rapid Response Team (first informant) and Chairman of Commission III of the Mahakam Ulu Regency DPRD (second informant). The results of the study stated that temporary opening and closing access was carried out with a period of 2 weeks open and 2 weeks closed. Furthermore, in the closed situation, travelers are not allowed to enter except with special permission from the Regent of Mahakam Ulu Regency and during the opening period for travelers who want to enter Mahakam Ulu Regency, they must first fill out SIMAS (Entry Permit) through the Task Force Team and follow the requirements- other requirements such as PCR or Antigen Swab Test according to the decision of the Task Force Team.
EMPOWERMENT OF SALT FARMERS THROUGH THE PEOPLE'S SALT BUSINESS EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM (PUGAR) IN LEMBUNG VILLAGE, GALIS DISTRICT, PAMEKASAN REGENCY
Authors: Husein Mohammad Bustanol , Wandi Mahrus , Ma’mun Sukron , Fachrizi Achmad Resa
Published: November 2023

The problem with salt farmers in Lembung Village is the income level of salt farmers and the lack of support from the government concerned in developing the empowerment of the salt industry. In addition, salt farmers have many difficulties such as capital, weather, fluctuating salt prices, income that does not meet their needs, and lack of support such as training to develop the salt industry. Even though the potential for salt in Pamekasan and especially in Lembung Village, Galis District is very large, it should be developed even better so that it can increase the income of salt farmers. The purpose of this study was to determine the Empowerment of Salt Farmers through the People's Salt Business Empowerment Program (PUGAR) in Lembung Village, Galis District. The theory used in this study uses the theory of Kieffer in Edi Suharto (2014) namely Enabling, Strengthening, Protecting, Supporting, and Maintaining. The reason for using this theory is because the implementation of the process and the achievement of empowerment goals are achieved through the application of empowerment from this theory. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, and documents.  The government should, through the Fisheries Service, really empower the Salt Farmers of Lembung Village, considering its huge potential. In addition, the government through the Department of Fisheries pays serious attention to farmers in fostering and assisting farmers in the process of their business continuity.
THE ROLE OF THE JOMBANG DISTRICT SOCIAL SERVICE IN SOCIAL PROTECTION AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN JOMBANG REGENCY
Authors: Lestari Temi Puji , Nawangsari Ertien Rining
Published: November 2023

Currently, there are still many people with disabilities who face various problems in welfare. Likewise in Jombang Regency there are still many people with disabilities who experience welfare problems. Seeing the problems faced by people with disabilities, the central government and local governments both provincial and district/city continue to pay attention to people with disabilities to overcome their welfare problems. Jombang District Social Service in an effort to overcome social welfare , persons with disabilities have the duty and function to provide social protection and capacity building for persons with disabilities . The purpose of this research is to find out The Role of the Social Service of Jombang Regency in Social Protection and Capacity Development for Persons with Disabilities in Jombang Regency. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data sources used in this research are primary data and secondary data . Data collection techniques used in this study , namely observation , interviews , and documentation related to information in the field. The results showed that the Social Service of Jombang Regency had carried out its role in providing Social Protection and Capacity Development for Persons with Disabilities in Jombang Regency. Based on the results of field analysis, the role of the Jombang District Social Service refers to the theory of Gede Diva (Putra, 2015) , which states that an effective and optimal government role includes the role of facilitator, regulator, and catalyst, which is adjusted to Jombang Regent Regulation Number 49 of 2018 Regarding the Position, Organizational Structure, Main Duties and Functions and Work Procedures of the Jombang Regency Social Service.
MARKET DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TO INCREASE MARKET SHARE WITH THE DIGITAL MARKETING REVOLUTION
Authors: Titin Titin , Azizah Luluk Nur , Mahiroh Najah Rifat
Published: November 2023

This market development strategy is one part of the company's various strategies to achieve growth in an effort to increase market share. The company opens new markets to market products so that the products are better known and liked by the wider community. Changes in communication technology which is a way or tool for people to interact, then the digital marketing revolution is very influential on changes in consumer behavior which will have an impact on market development. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects consisted of 10 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises with a declining number of product sales. The technique of collecting data is triangulation (combined) and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than generalization. The results of this study are SMEs in Lamongan Regency practice digital marketing strategies (digital marketing) online through social media such as Facebook, Instragram, and other internet networks, all of which are connected to a wider reach of consumers. MSMEs in Lamongan Regency cooperate with the POL (Lamongan Online Market) which was initiated by Perumda Pasar Kabupataen Lamongan, a market place selling online media that can be accessed easily. And the application of digital marketing carried out by MSMEs in Lamongan Regency can increase sales. It can be seen based on the SWOT analysis, MSMEs in Lamongan Regency are in the right and relevant position, namely in quadrant I (growth) in the application of digital marketing.
A HALAL LABEL FOR MSMES: OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES FACED HALAL LABEL FOR MSMES: OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES FACED
Authors: Panggiarti Endang Kartini , Mustaqim Abdul , Sukmana Enriko Teja
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to further study the role of halal labels on a package of food products processed by MSMEs, and explore further about the obstacles and challenges faced by MSMEs. The majority of Indonesians are Muslims, of course, food choices are a top priority. The number of food choices in this market must certainly be in accordance with Islamic guidance, that is only halal food that can be consumed. To fulfill that, of course, it is the obligation and responsibility of producers/MSMEs. This research method uses a qualitative approach with case study design from 2015 to 2020. The results obtained are still available in some areas both concumers and producers/MSMEs who are less concerned about the inclusion of halal labels in each product. In addition, there is still a high sense of consumer confidence in the production that the food served is halal because they know the natural raw materials used by producers without, they having halal labels. The recommendation of this study is that there still needs to be socialization about the importance of halal certification in every packaged product for both consumers and manufacturers/MSMEs.
STATE-OWNED BANK AND NATIONAL PRIVATE FOREIGN EXCHANGE COMMERCIAL BANK FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Az zakiyyah Nurul Azizah , Lubis Firsty Ramadhona Amalia
Published: November 2023

The banking sector has a fairly important role related to its function which is a sub-system in the economy of a country. In the modern era, the banking sector is used in various activities including the provision of goods and services, consumption, and investment made by the community. This study aims to determine the performance of commercial banks before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data used in this study is cross-section data from 28 state-owned banks and National Private Foreign Exchange Commercial Bank in 2019 and 2020. The data were analyzed using the CAMEL analysis method. The result of the analysis showed there is no significant difference in performance between state-owned banks and National Private Foreign Exchange Commercial Bank before and during the covid-19 pandemic.
IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM FOR AGRARIAN REFORM IN AGRARIAN REFORM VILLAGE IN BANGKA CENTRAL DISTRICT (CASE STUDY: CAMBAI SELATAN VILLAGE)
Authors: Fitriansyah Hadi , Sukwadi Ronald , Kartadinata Budi
Published: November 2023

Agrarian reform is defined as a process of reorganizing the structure of control, ownership, use, and utilization of land so that it is more equitable. The Agrarian Reform Village is expected to be a small-scale embodiment of the equal distribution of the structure of control, ownership, use, and utilization of land to improve social justice and community welfare. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Agrarian Reform activities in South Cambai Village as Agrarian Reform Village and analyze land that can be used as Land Object of Agrarian Reform potential. The method used in this research is descriptive and spatial analysis in determining the potential of Land Object of Agrarian Reform. The results of the analysis show that from 727 registered land parcels, 18% of the subjects receiving Land Object of Agrarian Reform work as farmers, and subjects receiving land for the agrarian reform object are indicated to have not been targeted. With the integration of asset management and access arrangement, the resulting impact is an increase in people's income. The potential of land that does not have strong legality is 900.96 hectares or with a percentage of 33% of the total area of ​​South Cambai Village.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POOR RICE PROGRAM IN AN EFFORT TO SUPPORT AND IMPROVE COMMUNITY FOOD SECURITY (CASE STUDY IN AIR MATA VILLAGE, KOTA LAMA DISTRICT, KUPANG CITY)
Authors: Ketmoen Adri
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the description of the implementation of the distribution and impact of the Raskin program (Indonesian rice distribution program for the poor) for target beneficiary households (RTS-PM). This type of research is descriptive qualitative with survey and documentation methods. The results of the study are known to be the implementation of the Raskin program in Airmata Village, which is measured by 6T success indicators (right target, correct quantity, right time, right quality, right administration, and right price); it can be concluded that the implementation has been running but not yet optimal, caused by indicators of the right amount, right quality, and on time out of sync with conditions in the field. The Raskin program has a positive impact and benefits the recipient community because of the relatively affordable prices and the well-running routine program to support and improve community food security.
EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING IN EDUCATION SECTOR IN EAST JAVA 2015-2021
Authors: Mauludhiana Friska , Wahed Muhammad
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the level of efficiency of government spending in the education sector in the period of 2015-2021, by using a quantitative approach, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Linear program of non-parametric approach with the model used namely Constant Return to Scale (CRS), which aims to calculate and evaluate efficiency values. The results of this study showed that the level of efficiency for the field of education in five districts/cities varied during the research period. The highest level of efficiency is in Malang Regency, while the lowest efficiency value is in the city of Surabaya. The cause of inefficiency in a regency/city is due to waste in the use of resources and weak management systems.
ANALYSIS OF LEADING SECTOR LINKAGES IN THE PURWOMANGGUNG AREA
Authors: Ummah Siti Rikhanatul , Edy Yusuf Agung Gunanto
Published: November 2023

This study intends to identify the linkages of leading sectors to the economy in the Purwomanggung area, Central Java. Secondary data for the period 2012-2021 was collected from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Central Java, as well as BPS for each district/city in the Purwomanggung area. In this study, analysis of Shift Share, Moran's Index, and LISA is used. The dominant leading sectors owned by districts/cities in the Purwomanggung area are the agricultural sector, the construction sector, and the wholesale and retail trade sector. There is a spatial correlation in the results of spatial linkages based on the leading sector that dominates with a high scale of regional observation and is surrounded by a nearby environment that has a high scale (High-High), a high regional observation value and is surrounded by a nearby environment of lower value ( High-Low), a low area observation value surrounded by a nearby environment with a higher value (Low-High), and a low area observation value surrounded by a low-value nearby environment (Low-Low). The results of linear regression analysis demonstrate which sectors have a substantial impact on growth. The wholesale and retail trade sector is another regional economy with the largest geographical links. While the agriculture and construction sectors have a considerable impact on economic growth in other areas.
RENEWABLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM WASTE (CASE STUDY OF WASTE AT JATIBARANG LANDFILL SEMARANG)
Authors: Atmanti Hastarini Dwi , Dirgantara I Made Bayu , Setyaningsih Yuliani
Published: November 2023

Renewable energy from waste can be an alternative as a power plant. This study aims to analyze the potential of waste in the Jatibarang landfill Semarang to be converted into electrical energy.The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. Around 850 tons of waste are dumped daily at the Jatibarang landfill. Due to the declining landfill capacity caused by this circumstance, the age of the landfill is decreasing. Waste must therefore be controlled by turning it into electrical energy. With a capacity of about 20 MW, this waste can be exploited as a power source.An environment with a sustainability quality will result from the conversion of waste into electrical energy.
When Do Informational Interventions Work? Experimental Evidence From New York City High School Choice
Authors: Cohodes Sarah R. , Corcoran Sean P. , Jennings Jennifer L. , Sattin-Bajaj Carolyn
Published: November 2023

Despite evidence that informational interventions can influence K–12 school choices, we know little about the mechanisms through which they work and the factors that produce heterogeneity in student responses. Through a school-level randomized controlled trial conducted in 473 New York City middle schools serving 115,000 eighth graders, we evaluated three counselor-delivered informational interventions that were designed to help students avoid low-graduation high schools, but differed in their level of individual customization and mode of delivery (paper or online). Every intervention reduced likelihood of application to and enrollment in low-graduation-rate schools (those below the city median of 75%). Simplified paper interventions had the largest impacts and produced lower heterogeneity in effects across subgroups than customizable digital formats. A key mechanism by which interventions worked was through new information replacing students’ default first-choice schools that had low graduation rates and guaranteed admission. We conclude that informational interventions to support school choice can be effectively implemented at scale via school counselors, but that intervention design can lead to differences in who engages, with consequences for inequality.
DATA. Statistical significance misuse in public health research: an investigation of the current situation and possible solutions
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro
Published: November 2023

Raw data and calculations for the paper: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.04.23295032
An analysis of functional relationships between systemic conditions and unethical behavior in German academia
Authors: Bössel Ncole , Kluge Annette , Leising Daniel , Mischkowski Dorothee , Phan Le Vy , Richter Franz , Schmitt Manfred , Stahl Jutta
Published: November 2023

This paper is an updated English version of a report filed by a commission that the German Psychological Society (DGPs) appointed in 2022. The commission’s task was to identify factors in the science system that enable or even promote unethical behaviors, and to propose corrective measures. Based on expert-interviews, a review of the research literature, and discussions within the commission, the following problematic issues were identified: (P1) negligent or fraudulent scientific practices, (P2) power abuse, (P3) insufficient mentoring of Early Career Researchers, (P4) insufficient quality of teaching, (P5) counterproductive incentives, (P6) overburdening of professors with tasks, (P7) fixed-term contracts for everyone except professors, (P8) unnecessarily steep power differentials, (P9) dysfunctional peer-review system, (P10) lack of quality in personnel selection procedures, (P11) low awareness and commitment regarding ethical norms, and (P12) weak mechanisms for detecting and sanctioning unethical behavior. The commission offers concrete recommendations for changes to the academic system that should make the occurrence of unethical behavior less likely. Even though some of these recommendations might be rather specific for the field of psychology and for the German academic system, most of them may be valid for science in general.
Knowledge On Management Of Side Effects Of Chemotherapy Among Cancer Patients In A Hospital Of Bhaktapur
Authors: Shrestha Sunita
Published: November 2023

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The increase in incidence of cancer is directly related to the increase in number of patients receiving chemotherapy. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge on management of side effects of chemotherapy among cancer patients in a hospital of Bhaktapur.
Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 cancer patients in a hospital of Bhaktapur, Nepal using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through face-face interview technique by using self-developed structured questionnaire. The study was conducted between 2079-10-01 to 2079-10-30. Data management, analysis and interpretation was done using descriptive and inferential statistics and represented in tabulated form.
Findings: More than half (56.7%) of the cancer patients had adequate knowledge on management of side effects of chemotherapy. Adequate knowledge was present on management of diarrhoea (82.7%), infection (65.4%) and nausea and vomiting (63.5%). However, inadequate knowledge was present on management of constipation (31.8%), extravasation (33.7%) gums bleeding (35.6%) and hair fall (38.5%). The study shows significant association between level of knowledge on management of side effects of chemotherapy with age (p=0.037) and educational status (p=0.029) of the cancer patients.
Conclusion: More than half of the cancer patients had adequate knowledge on management of side effects of chemotherapy. Despite of this, respondents had still gap in knowledge on management of side effects of chemotherapy which shows need for, health education and counselling should be done among cancer patients.
Iranian foreign policy towards Syria (a study in pillars and means)
Authors: Al-Araji Assist. Prof. Dr Salman Ali Hussein
Published: November 2023

The development of the Syrian crisis and its transformation into a war has imposed new challenges on Iran. This development may lead to the fall of one of its allies in the Arab Levant, and this in turn will negatively affect its communication with Hezbollah and the Palestinian resistance factions loyal to it. It also creates obstacles to Iranian influence in the region and affects Syria’s relationship with Hezbollah in the event of the collapse of the Syrian regime, of which Lebanon is a natural geographical extension. Iran’s relationship with Hezbollah is of great importance, as it facilitates the transit of weapons and armed groups, whether from Iran or even from the Syrian people themselves. For these reasons, Iran moved towards Syria through several means and mechanisms, whether economic, military, or even cultural, in order to maintain its presence in the Middle East and its extensions to support the Palestinian resistance factions.
The Russian-Ukrainian Relations after 2014
Authors: Assist. Lecurer. Husam Mohammed Khudhair  , Ali Assist. Prof. Dr. Saleem Gata'a
Published: November 2023

The Russian-Ukrainian relations have been undergoing an unprecedented change since February 2022 although these relations have not been perfect over the decades, since Ukraine’s independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, and the subsequent Russian–Ukrainian disagreements about Russian gas and the process of its transportation to Europe through Ukrainian territory. The repercussions of this crisis have been mixed with the American–Western hostility to the Russian Federation, which has always feared for its national security from the expansion of the North Atlantic Alliance Organization (NATO) and its approaching to Russian territory. The West, led by the United States, is working hard to encircle Russia and isolate it from its regional and international surroundings. All this has influenced the escalation of the crisis between Russia and Ukraine, and the Russian special military operation in Ukraine has become a hybrid war led by Westerners and Americans against Russia on Ukrainian territory.
The Gulf-Israeli normalization, Causes and Results
Authors: Dalian Lecturer. Dr. Enas Mijbel
Published: November 2023

For several decades, the Arab region has witnessed Western pressure to normalize Arab-Israeli relations. These pressures come in the context of the Western commitment to support Israel and led to the launch of the settlement process with Egypt in 1978, then the Palestinian Authority and Jordan in 1993 and 1994. However, the path did not produce many processes of reintegrating ‘Israel’ into the Arab region. After the American occupation of Iraq in 2003, most Arab countries found themselves facing internal and regional pressure to accept American offers for normalization with Israel.

The so-called ‘Deal of the Century’ 2018-2020 is the largest step through which the United States sought to integrate ‘Israel’ into the region. This deal was marketed under the title of the existence of common regional threats that require normalization and cooperation, and it resulted in the accepting of four Arab countries: the Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco.

This normalization process may lead to one of the following possibilities:

Ending the existence of the Palestinian issue and accelerating the emergence of ‘Israel’ as a state integrated into the Arab regional system.

The failure of the process of integrating “Israel” into the region and the re-emergence of the Arab-Israeli conflict.

The continuation of the Palestinian issue for a longer period due to the complications associated with it.

 

The last option is the most likely, despite the ongoing political and media obfuscation attempts on the Palestinian issue in the short run.
Iranian National Security: Repercussions of Negotiations with the Great Powers
Authors: Alaa Assist. Lecturer Nashwan
Published: November 2023

Negotiations constitute the first step on which countries rely to settle their differences peacefully, especially as they realize that the alternative to negotiations will have exorbitant and disastrous consequences.

There is no doubt that the negotiation process is a series of activities that need a comprehensive program to define the goals and means of achieving the required results, anticipating what the negotiation process mechanism will interpret, which is known as the negotiation strategy.

The Iranian negotiations with the great powers do not deviate from this framework, as each party seeks to implement several strategies to achieve the greatest possible gains. These negotiations received wide attention because of their significant impact on security stability in the region in general and the Arabian Gulf region in particular.

The Western and Iranian negotiating parties regarding the Iranian nuclear project used both strategies of common interest and conflict at the same time. While the Iranians seek to achieve the goal of producing nuclear energy with minimal losses, the Western powers seek to stop the Iranian nuclear program and subject Iranian policy to their will.
Development policies In the Kurdistan Region after a year 2006
Authors: Albadry Ammar sadoon salamn , Safei Banen saad
Published: November 2023

The topic of development is considered one of the modern and important topics in the field of public policy, because of its impact on the process of democratic development, political stability and societal security in countries of the world. Development is a guarantee of continuous and effective development if public policy makers develop appropriate and wise development policies capable of harnessing resources. To serve the members of society, the prosperity of sustainable human development in a country is a translation of this policy, plans and programs that the state sets to serve humanity and raise the levels of well-being for that country. Sustainable human development is the basis of all development methods because it begins with the human being, who is its goal and purpose. Therefore, developing the human being and paying attention to him It is reflected in all areas of development, and this reflects positively on society as a whole.
The 20-year War in Afghanistan: What Has America Achieved or Failed?
Authors: CHITADZE Nika
Published: November 2023

The main purpose of the research is to analyze the current realities in Afghanistan, when the Taliban re-established control over thecountry, and, furthermore, to present the comparative analysis of the strategy of different Presidents of America within the period from2001 till 2021.A significant part of the research is dedicated to the main reasons for the entrance of US Armed forces in Afghanistan after the 9/11events, different aspects of the US forces deployment, and reasons for withdrawal.Keywords: USA, Afghanistan, Taliban, geopolitics, U.S. Presidents