bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dynamics of Argumentation in the Discourse on Domestic Tourism
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Alla N. Teplyashina
Published: November 2020

The article examines the structure and dynamics of argumentation in the mass media discourse on domestic tourism. The textual and discursive characteristics of argumentation are analyzed. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the speech implementation of rhetorical techniques as a mechanism of influence, the effectiveness of argumentation in the tourist discourse on the material of the Vokrug Sveta magazine. The purpose and objectives of the study determined the choice of methods of analysis. To confirm the hypothesis about the role of argumentation in the diversification of the conceptual content of popular science discourse about tourism, the methods of content analysis and discourse analysis were used. The methodological basis of the article is such components of the systems approach as cognitive, communicative, and rhetorical. The article reveals the key concepts of the tourism discourse, raises the issues of updating their content. The problem is solved to show the originality of rhetorical means in an argumentative statement, ways of creating panorama, which stimulates the visual nature of the image are indicated. A general idea of the ways of creating a panoramic image of nature achieved using epithets and metaphors is given. Metaphors are the main text-forming tool that allows you to create laconic texts. This is a huge advantage, given today’s readers’ dislike for long texts. Panoramic allows the author to appeal to the emotions of the reader, evoking imaginative associations, and most importantly, the desire to see spectacular landscapes with his own eyes. Using the example of text fragments, the functions of expressive means in the verbalization of concepts and in argumentation in general are demonstrated. The article presents fragments of the texts that make it possible to conclude that expressive means are an excellent means of influencing the addressees ‒ readers, they have a huge potential for imagery and, therefore, the ability to cause an emotional-evaluative reaction of the addressee of speech. Authors of texts must consider this advantage when talking about promising tourist destinations in the conditions of closed borders. The Vokrug Sveta magazine was chosen as an empirical basis. Empirical search criteria are time-limited (January ‒ June 2020). The article is intended for graduate students, masters, bachelors of journalism departments. Keywords: argumentation, tourist discourse, concept, travel media text, paths
Design as a Means of Creating a Journalistic Image in Infographics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ekaterina V. Vyrovtseva , Tatyana А. Indutnaya ,   St. Petersburg State University, Svetlana I. Simakova ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: November 2020

Infographics as one of the most popular types of media text attracts the attention of researchers. However, the analysis criteria and evaluation of a new information presentation issue is still underresearched. From this point of view, a comprehensive analysis of infographics seems relevant, including both the study of its functionality and the study of ways to create a media image. The article attempts to determine the role of design techniques in terms of the selection and systematization principles, as well as the functioning peculiarities. Design solutions are considered in the context of the journalistic potential of infographics in the present study. That is reflected in expressing the author’s position, in updating socially significant information, in turning a real fact into a media image, as well as in organizing a dialogue between the addresser and the addressee on the basis of co-creation. The dialectical unity of the traditional functions for a journalistic text and design creativity is under consideration. The unity includes such journalistic functions as informational, communicative, and ideological, combined with the design, as well as aesthetic, cultural-formative, and enlightening function. An attempt to summarize theoretical observations supported by examples of infographics by web-sites TASS. Infographics and RIA Novosti news agency. The analysis was based on the following methods: semantic, functional, structural and compositional, discursive, art history. The big data combined in an infographics into a vivid image is not only visualized and systematized, but it is also personalized. So modern multimedia technologies have formed a new type of recipient, who is required of information perception involvement. The infographics considered in the present study provides a means of characterizing new principles of communication based on active participation in the process of perceiving media text, and, therefore, in the formation of a media image based on the information received. The study offers the possibility to conclude that the analysis and evaluation of infographics requires an integrated approach: dialectical unity of the criteria and elements, both of journalistic work, and of design as a part of time-tested art, are necessary. Keywords: infographics, design, journalism, media image, communication
Alain Robbe-Grillet and Nathalie Sarraute: in the Labyrinths of Metaphors
Authors:   Tsentralnoye Translation Agency, Evgeniya B. Molkova
Published: November 2020

The article deals with aesthetic and stylistic particularities of the works by A. Robbe-Grillet and N. Sarraute, two famous writers and theorists of the “Nouveau Roman”. This literary movement continues to provoke debates about its interpretation and definitive assessment among foreign and national scientists, indicating the timeliness of the work. The research is based on their criticism and fiction published in the late 1950s – early 1960s. Analysing the literary context and the aesthetic views of the writers allows us to explain causes of their disagreements, to discover similarities and differences between their creative methods. Interpreting the works in the light of the image of labyrinth gives the opportunity to outline the main features of the poetics of Robbe-Grillet and Sarraute from a new angle. The use of metaphor is one of the characteristics that unites the literary practice of these authors. The concept of labyrinth has a number of philosophical and cultural senses, and its consideration is fruitful in order to study the individuality of the “nouveaux romanciers” literary world. The meaning of the image of labyrinth in the texts of “Dans le labyrinthe” and “Le Planétarium” is treated with comparative and hermeneutic methods, definitive and contextual analysis. The labyrinth defines the logic of creating the whole novel of Robbe-Grillet; it is involved in the description of interior and the image-bearing structure of Sarraute’s work. In addition, the metaphor is the basis of the stylistic manner of both authors, in spite of its different functioning in the considered works. As opposed to rudimentary and stereotypical story and characters, the metaphor in their texts serves to represent psychic activities of any person. Interpreting subconscious processes becomes the central content of the French writers’ works. The “nouveaux romanciers” assign to a reader a significant role in expounding their texts, that triggers self-knowledge, as well as philosophical reflections. The study may be of interest for experts in philology, science of culture and philosophy. Keywords: “Nouveau Roman”, metaphor, subconscious, image, interpretation, story, character
Picture of the World in the Artist’s Work
Authors:   Hulunbuir University, Feng Zongren
Published: November 2020

Recently, scientists from different fields of scientific knowledge have actively turned to the analysis of social development within the framework of the picture of the world as its specific construct, the mechanism of interaction between man and society. The theoretical foundations of the research of modern scientists in the field of research are the work of the classics of philosophy, sociology, natural sciences, etc. V. von Humboldt created the concept of a picture of the world, based on the introduction of such concepts as “internal form” and “spirit of the people”.There is no universally accepted definition of the concept of “picture of the world” in science, which is explained by the dynamism of modern reality, the polysemy of the concept itself, and its inconsistency. The picture of the world is understood as a generalized image of the surrounding reality, created in the process of human perception of the world and existing in the form of scientific knowledge, concepts, laws, and everyday consciousness. The picture of the world is an objective world of two, an epistemological construct. The article assesses various approaches to the study of the picture of the world in modern scientific knowledge: philosophical, sociological, natural – scientific, etc. The levels of the picture of the world are distinguished: scientific and ordinary, their features are described. The analysis of the concept “picture of the world” in the works of modern scientists is the theoretical and methodological basis for the study of the picture of the world in art, which has its specificity and reflects the world in the minds of the creator. Creating a picture of the world in artistic creativity represents an understanding of the world around us in individual consciousness. The concept of “a picture of the world in the artist’s work” is revealed by the example of an analysis of the works of a Chinese painter Hai Zhi Han, a member of the Union of Chinese artists, a teacher at the Inner Mongolia Pedagogical University. Keywords: picture of the world, creator, picture of the world in the artist’s work, anti-rationality, expressionism
The Image of Late Soviet Pioneer Camp in Russian Mass Culture Works of the 2010s
Authors:   Jagiellonian University, Michael Kuhn
Published: November 2020

During the first two decades of the 21st century, an increasing interest of Russian policymakers towards the Soviet past can be recorded, which is reflected in the modern Russian mass culture (movies, literature, music) providing more and more often a fruitful approach to reappraise the role of pioneer camps in the Soviet Union to its people. Based on an example of two significant mass culture products of the 2010s with different languages ‒ Aleksandr Karpilovskiy’s movie “Private Word of a Pioneer 2“ (2015) (rus. “Chastnoe pionerskoe. Ura kanikuly!!!”) and the novel “Food Block“ (2018) (rus. “Pishcheblok”) by Aleksey Ivanov, this article for the first time illustrates the image of two late Soviet pioneer camps “Youth” (1979) and “The Stormy Petrel” (1980) and gives analysis of their features with the help of descriptive-functional and comparative research methods. As a result, the semantics shows that one pioneer camp is a safe place for everyone and another one poses risks and it is more dangerous to be within the camp than outside. While in the “Youth” camp, the teaching staff devotes much attention to health promotion and cultural development of young pioneers, the main purpose of “The Stormy Petrel” is the ideological education. In both cases, we see educational formalism in the work of educators. Children and teenagers of the late Soviet era are seemingly burdened with playing young Leninists. The protagonist in the movie puts his personal goals far above the public interests in his personal hierarchy. By contrast, the protagonist of the novel is seeking for a true community in the pioneer camp and causes rejection and misunderstanding by others. In both late Soviet camps, the value of pioneer attributes (ties and badges) is noticeably decreased. In “Stormy Petrel”, their meaning is even audaciously perverted. Unreserved nostalgia for childhood, dominating in two works, does not prevent their creators to a greater (novel) or lesser (movie) extent to make a critical assessment of the late Soviet pioneer camps. Keywords: Soviet pioneer camp, A. Karpilovskiy “Private Word of a Pioneer 2”, A. Ivanov “Food Block”, late Soviet era, nostalgia, criticism
The Emergence of the Russian-Chinese Pidgin as a Reflection of Language Contacts
Authors:   Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages, Han Bing
Published: November 2020

Scientists have accumulated considerable experience in the study of the concept of “linguistic contacts”. Multidimensionality and multifunctionality of this phenomenon, its research in various fields of scientific knowledge determine the existence of various interpretations of this concept, each of which reflects its different points. The analysis of scientific works by Chinese, Russian, Western scientists in which the understanding of the concept of “linguistic contacts” is presented, made it possible to identify the following aspects in the interpretation of this concept: an emphasis on linguistic interaction and interaction in the process of linguistic contact; definition of linguistic contacts as an interaction between languages as a result of the interaction of communities speaking these languages; the study of linguistic contacts in the aspect of the existing variety of linguistic phenomena caused by the contact of languages. The paper defines the essential characteristics of the pidgin, identifies the factors of occurrence and features of the Russian-Chinese pidgin. Based on the analysis of scientific approaches to the study of pidgin, the reasons for their appearance, conditions of functioning, it was concluded that the main factor in the emergence of the Russian-Chinese pidgin was border trade, which occupied a special place in relations between Russia and China.The research materials can be applied in studying the features of language contacts, the interaction between Russia and China. Keywords: language, dialect, language contacts, pidgin, Russian-Chinese pidgin
DUAL-USE MATERIAL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES TRANSFER IN UKRAINE: PREMISES AND PRESENT CATCH-22
Authors: Kartuzov Iegor
Published: November 2020

The object of effort is to assess the underpin premises of transfer of dual use materials science technologies appeared in Ukraine after the Independence and those developed until nowadays. It is also to shed a light on this issue and evaluate historical, technical, political, and mental barriers between technology supplier / recipient and future prospects and successful steps to be made to overcome those. The work puts a problem to scrutinize today’s and future materials science dual use technology transfer control regulations and all premises associated and leaving an imprint on the realities existing in Ukraine. First of all, it is important to study technology transfer issues and a vital role of those premises appeared in Ukraine otherwise one may chase a ghost while trying to understand how to put it correct in a right legal and political way to successfully resolve this matter since in this case none turnkey solutions ever exist. For example, central to a control regime debate is to discuss an evolution, or lack of the existing transparent legislation covering dual-use technologies, and a discussion on its orientation and scope. Does this really work and sound in practice, and if “yes” then to what extent? Second, at a time of fundamental change in nature and order of international relations, the wisdom of ad hoc control regimes must not escape scrutiny. Although experts are very much aware of these problems, future of control regulations remains still blurred and uncertain, so what are their potential implications for international state’s security? The research revealed that a reassessment of the problems surrounding dual use materials science technologies and today’s control regulations should be made – both in terms of their potential improvement and/or possible new universal multilateral agreements and transparency among states involved in technology transfer. This further argues a need for new international mechanisms to ensure the transfer of dual-use materials science technologies, while not powering proliferation opportunities for weapon systems. The results of this endeavor make a ground floor for further debates in terms of politics and export control in the field of transfer of intangible technologies.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AND DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR MANAGING THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND CIVIL SAFETY OF TRANSBOUNDARY TRANSPORTATION OF OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS THROUGH PIPELINES
Authors: Shuryhin Vladyslav , Rak Yulia , Karabyn Vasyl
Published: November 2020

Transportation of oil and oil products through main pipelines is accompanied by the outpouring of these components into the environment, which creates risks of reducing the level of environmental safety and emergencies. The object of research is the factors and methods of environmental and civil safety management of cross-border transportation of oil and oil products through pipelines. Investigated problem is the analysis of environmental and civil safety management factors for cross-border transportation of oil and oil products through pipelines has been carried out and new technical and organizational solutions have been proposed to improve the level of management. The environmental safety of oil and gas facilities is defined as the state of environmentally safe functioning of oil and gas facilities and the absence of harmful environmental impact on these facilities. On the basis of the analysis of emergency situations on the linear part of the main oil pipelines, five main reasons leading to depressurization have been identified and ranked. The oil pipeline emergency is presented in a mathematical form. The analysis of depressurization of main oil pipelines in the world and in the Lviv region is carried out. The international normative legal acts regulating the management aspects of environmental and civil safety of cross-border transportation of oil and oil products are analyzed. Innovative products – in case of water pollution as a result of a catastrophic inflow of oil products, it is proposed to use a patented installation for modeling the process of pollution of running water and a method of physical modeling of the process of spreading pollution as a result of a single discharge of oil products into the river. In the case of soil contamination with oil products, it was proposed to use a patented installation for modeling the process of filtration of contaminated solutions through the soil or bottom sediments. The advantages of the proposed new technical solutions based on known analogues are shown. The area of practical use of the research results is the subdivisions of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine, the State Service of Ukraine for Emergency Situations, NJSC Naftogaz of Ukraine, higher educational institutions, research institutes of oil and gas ecological profile.
Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density
Authors: Chen Xiao , Gu Yingfei , Lucas Andrew
Published: November 2020

We study quantum many-body systems with a global U(1) conservation law, focusing on a theory of N interacting fermions with charge conservation, or N interacting spins with one conserved component of total spin. We define an effective operator size at finite chemical potential through suitably regularized out-of-time-ordered correlation functions. The growth rate of this density-dependent operator size vanishes algebraically with charge density; hence we obtain new bounds on Lyapunov exponents and butterfly velocities in charged systems at a given density, which are parametrically stronger than any Lieb-Robinson bound. We argue that the density dependence of our bound on the Lyapunov exponent is saturated in the charged Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. We also study random automaton quantum circuits and Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, each of which exhibit a different density dependence for the Lyapunov exponent, and explain the discrepancy. We propose that our results are a cartoon for understanding Planckian-limited energy-conserving dynamics at finite temperature.
The Influence of Product Quality, Price Fairness, Brand Image, and Customer Value on Purchase Decision of Toyota Agya Consumers: A Study of Low Cost Green Car
Authors: Simbolon Freddy Pandapotan , Handayani Elvira Rossi , Nugraedy Menik
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to investigate the influence of product quality, price fairness, brand image, and customer value on purchase decision in the Low Cost Green Car (LCGC). The research applied a quantitative method with survey design. It was conducted in Auto2000 Jakarta with a sample of 100 Toyota Agya owners using an accidental sampling technique. Data analysis for hypothesis test used path analysis calculated with SPSS software. The research findings indicate that product quality, brand image, and customer value significantly influence the purchase decision of Toyota Agya consumers. Meanwhile, price fairness has no effect on the purchase decision. The results also show that product quality, price fairness, and brand image affect customer value. Based on these findings, in developing LCGC, manufacturers must pay attention to product quality, build brand reputation, and create more value for consumers.
Feminism Values in the Posters of Yogyakarta’s Students Demonstration: The #Gejayanmemanggil
Authors: Gustema Nurul Huda , Sahayu Dr. Wening
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to examine feminism values on the posters of Yogyakarta’s students’ demonstration the #Gejayanmemanggil. Data collection technique was conducted by reading and note-taking techniques. From social media (Instagram), read the posters for several times, made a reduction for the data, and analyzed the feminism values which were reflected in the data based on the discourse or textual aspects. In the findings, the use of feminist languages, which contained the feminism values was revealed, in order to correlate it with the previous studies and theories. It was affected by the positive and negative meanings of the words and their impact on the audience. Discourse analysis was the proper way to examine the hidden ideologies of discourse. It revealed the discursive structures and manipulative language of the speakers or writers. The results reveal that the posters on the demonstration #Gejayanmemanggil contain feminism values as reflected in the feminist languages which support the ideology. Therefore, based on the findings of the research which conducts a discourse analysis in examining mass communication, language has enormous powers in appealing to emotions, manipulating someone’s thoughts and behavior, as well as misrepresenting the realities.
The Influence of Video Direct Instruction Model to Folklore Listening Skills in Elementary School
Authors: Sabri Tahmid , Soeharto Soeharto , Afrizan Afrizan
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to analyze the effect of the direct instruction model assisted by audio media on listening skills. Theexperimental method was used using a quasi-experimental design. Participants were a fifth-grade students in the elementary school at Pontianak. Data collected used paper-based tests in the form of multiple-choice tests. The results show that the average posttest for the experimental group is 77,08. The average posttest for the control group is 70,96. T-test results are 2,217 and t-table α = 5% (with dk = 24 + 26 - 2 = 48) of 1,678, so t-count (2,217)> t-table (1,678). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the audio learning model-assisted directly by audio media on listening skills on folklore. Besides that, the direct instruction model assisted by audio media has a good influence on listening skills, especially for fifth-grade students.
Product Islamization as a Marketing Strategy in the Resik V “Sekarang Berhijab” Advertisement in 2012
Authors: Koirudin Kolik , Habsari Sri Kusuma , Ardianto Deny Tri
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to know why did Resik V transform its product advertisement by Islamization? How did the advertisement put and negotiate the Islamic symbols and codes on women’s feminine area cleansing products? The research would carry out textual data analysis for the 2012 version of Resik V “Sekarang Berhijab” advertisement using Roland Barthes’s semiotics theory. The results show that the advertisement utilizes the symbols of the hijab and the Indonesian Ulema Council’s label as commodities to put the Resik V product closer to Islam, as Islamic values attracted great attention from the society at that time that leaded to consumption activity. However, the Islamization in the Resik V product has ruled out the context of the hijab and halal concepts themselves, namely faith.
Reviews of Teachers’ Characters in Students’ Autobiography
Authors: Sabardila Atiqa , Markhamah Markhamah , Pratiwi Dini Restiyanti
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to describe reviews of teachers’ characters found in students’ autobiography. It belonged in the field of Indonesian Language Education, and the data were in the form of students’ autobiography, written in Indonesian. A descriptive-qualitative approach was utilized to observe the attitude, behavior, or perception of autobiographers about their teachers’ characters in the past. The source triangulation was used to verify the validity of the data. The data were analyzed through a comparative method using referential and marker reading techniques, in addition to the focused-group discussion. The results of the research show that the teachers’ characters portrayed in students’ autobiography includes: (1) positive characters: responsible, patient, caring, easy to understand, fair, making students smart, inspiring creativity; and (2) negative characters: fierce/yelling, scary in anger, hard to understand, flirty. From the results, it can be concluded that students’ autobiography evidently helps measure the quality of teachers’ characters, and negative characters reduce the learning process’s effectiveness.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of pharmacological correction of experimental osteoporosis by glucosamine sulfate, strontium chloride, and their combination
Authors: Anikanov Aleksandr V. , Artyushkova Elena B. , Faitelson Aleksandr V. , Rajkumar Densingh Samuel Raj
Published: November 2020

Objective. To study the osteoprotective activity of glucosamine sulfate, strontium chloride, and their combinations on a model of experimental osteoporosis in laboratory animals (OVX model) in comparison with the Strometta preparation and control (OVX without correction). Materials and methods. The material for the study was female Wistar rats weighing 250 ± 30 g. To simulate osteoporosis, bilateral ovariectomy was performed. Microcirculation was evaluated by Doppler flowmetry. Digital X-ray densitometry was used to determine bone density. Using histological morphometry, the transverse size of the trabeculae of the spongy bone tissue was studied. Results. In such parameters as bone density, microcirculation, and the average width of bone trabeculae, significant differences were established compared with the control (OVX without correction) for groups with correction of glucosamine sulfate, strontium chloride, and their combination, and thus their osteoprotective effect was confirmed. Conclusion. In the future, glucosamine sulfate, strontium chloride, and their combination can be used for drug prevention of osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period. However, for the introduction of strontium chloride and its combination with glucosamine sulfate into clinical practice, it is necessary to conduct complete preclinical and clinical trials.
Self-Supply of Food for the Red Army on the Eastern Front in the Second Half of 1918
Authors:   Mordovian Republican United Museum of Local Lore, Naumov E. O.
Published: November 2020

This article discusses how the Eastern Front’s Red Army solved the problem of food provision through self-supply, which was carried out by soldiers and the regimental command using requisitions and purchasing products from the local population. The emergence of this method was due to the inability of the front and army command to fully provide troops with provisions, as a result of which the leadership was forced to partially impose this task on the local regimental command, which often treated the organization of procurement and fight against soldier robbery rather carelessly. Nevertheless, food quality for the Red Army improved, as evidenced by the decrease in the number of marauding fighters. This was also facilitated by army command measures to improve the level of soldier discipline. In the article much attention is paid to the evolution of the population’s attitude to the procurement activity of soldiers and the regimental command. Despite the fact that initially the peasants rather negatively perceived the presence of the Red Army in the countryside, subsequently residents of villages began to show greater interest in cooperating with the troops, providing them with food, both on a voluntary and a monetary basis. This policy was favored by the army command, aimed at regulating procurement operations and maintaining good neighborly relations with the local population. Moreover, other means of obtaining food are listed, such as capturing enemy storage facilities at stations and in cities.
Comparison of crushed rock sand and natural river sand as filter media for rapid filtration
Authors: da Silva Bruno Moreno Ramos , Bastos Rafael Kopschitz Xavier , Bastos Pedro Kopschitz Xavier
Published: November 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate the crushed rock sand (CRS) as a filter bed in rapid filtration for water treatment. The experiments were carried out using pilot-scale filtration units: one with a CRS filter bed and the other with natural river sand (NRS). Both filter media were prepared in accordance with typical standards for rapid sand filtration (particle size range and distribution, and filter bed depth), and were further characterized in terms of chemical composition, particles and bulk density, porosity, acid solubility and sphericity coefficient. Over four months, 14 filter runs using filtration rates of 90, 180, 270 and 360 m3 m−2 d−1 were monitored and characterized in terms of run length, head loss increase along filter bed depth, turbidity removal along filter bed depth. Overall, the performance of the CRS filter was similar to or even better than that of the NRS filter, producing filtered water with turbidity lower than 0.50 NTU along the entire run, with head loss increasing rates and run length similar to those of the NRS filter. It is concluded that CRS presents a high potential for use as filter media for rapid filtration in water treatment, without technical or operational disadvantages.
Gênero e sexualidade na publicidade
Authors: Magnus Daniella , Bueno Accorsi Ana Maria
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as representações de gênero e de sexualidade nas publicidades/propagandas veiculadas na televisão aberta brasileira, tomando-se como exemplo o anúncio publicitário da cerveja Nova Skin, que na peça denominada “Festa de São João” reitera o modelo de mulher ideal, bem como dissemina um texto que ridiculariza pessoas transgêneros. Busca-se, ainda, por meio do modelo tridimensional do discurso de Fairclough, utilizar-se da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD) para especificar como o discurso aparece enquanto texto, prática discursiva e prática social na reprodução publicitária. O referencial teórico-metodológico é formado pelos conceitos de gênero, sexualidade, publicidade e discurso por meio das teorias de Batista (2002), Butler (2010), Felipe (2006), Fairclough (2016), Freitas (2011) Gauntlett (2008), Leite (2002), Louro (1997) entre outros. O estudo demonstra, assim, a maneira discriminatória pelo qual o gênero e a sexualidade foi veiculada na campanha publicitária de tal marca de cerveja, cujo produto, de acordo com estudos já realizados, é direcionado ao público predominantemente masculino.
Bioestimulantes comerciais na germinação de sementes de sorgo granífero
Authors: Carvalho Vin´icius de , Gastl Filho Josef , Resende Millena Almeida , Vilarinho Muriel Silva , Santi Sávio Luiz de , Marques Victor Prissinotto
Published: November 2020

São várias as tecnologias aplicadas visando atingir o potencial genético das culturas agrícolas, dentre elas estão os bioestimulantes que se destacam por agirem diretamente na germinação e no desenvolvimento das plântulas influenciando a produtividade agrícola. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por objetivo comparar o efeito da dosagem técnica de diferentes bioestimulantes comerciais na germinação do sorgo granífero. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos (8,0 mL de Awaken® kg-1 de semente; 0,14 mL de Stimulate® L-1; 0,014 mL de Vorax® L-1; 6,0 mL de Zc Full Patriot® kg-1 de sementes e testemunha) e 4 repetições de 50 sementes. As sementes foram semeadas em rolos de papel Germitest e acondicionadas em germinador a 25ºC por 10 dias. Os caracteres avaliados foram primeira contagem, índice de velocidade de germinação, porcentagem de germinação, comprimento de plântula e biomassas fresca e seca de plântulas. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas para a primeira contagem, biomassa fresca e índice de velocidade de germinação. Os bioestimulantes afetaram positivamente o comprimento de plântula em relação à testemunha, sendo os maiores valores conferidos por Vorax® e Zc Full Patriot®. Com exceção do Awaken® que apresentou o menor valor, todos os tratamentos apresentaram altos percentuais de germinação. O Stimulate® e Awaken® conferiram maior acúmulo de biomassa seca, em detrimento do Vorax® e do Zc Full Patriot®. Conclui-se que a dosagem do Awaken® afetou negativamente a maioria dos caracteres, enquanto que a dosagem aplicada do Stimulate® conferiu bom desempenho em todos dos caracteres.
Artigo de dados de fragmentos de lenhos carbonizados de araucariaceae a partir de análise de infravermelho (FTIR)
Authors: Lara Daniela Mueller de , Stulp Simone
Published: November 2020

Os dados fazem parte de uma tese de doutorado que objetivou desenvolver uma metodologia para avaliar por métodos físicos e químicos os lenhos carbonizados artificialmente de três espécimes da família Araucariaceae: Araucaria angustifolia, Araucaria bidwillii e Araucaria columnaris. O processo de carbonização dos fragmentos dos lenhos foi realizado em mufla. As temperaturas da queima dos lenhos in natura carbonizados foram de 200ºC a 600ºC, variando-se a temperatura de 50ºC em 50ºC e com taxa de aquecimento avaliada em 25°C min-1. Posteriormente ao processo de carbonização, os espectros foram adquiridos no espectrofotômetro de infravermelho, num intervalo entre 1900 a 650 cm-1, com resolução de 4 cm-1 e 64 varreduras.
Tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Ramírez Contreras Clinton
Published: November 2020

Los 19 textos de Tiempos de pandemia son el producto de una convocatoria de cuentos cortos efectuada al interior de la comunidad de la Universidad del Magdalena. Los cuentos recogen, desde distintas visiones y posturas, adscritos a diversas poéticas, la manera en que la región, en pueblos y ciudades del Magdalena, vive el aislamiento forzado por la covid -19: un virus invisible como todo virus, pero con la fuerza de propagación capaz de alterar radicalmente las coordenadas humanas. Testimonian sin escándalos un momento del mundo aún sin bautizar: un mundo que les recuerda a hombres y mujeres los compromisos pendientes con ellos mismos, con la vida de sus pueblos y el planeta entero.
CHARACTERISTICS OF POST-FLIGHT MUSCLE STRENGTH AND VELOCITY DYNAMICS IN COSMONAUTS AS A FUNCTION OF WEIGHT LOADING DURING LONG-TERM SPACE MISSIONS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fomina E.V. , Kukoba T.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2020

Testing of 25 cosmonauts showed that the amount of resistance training weight loading in long-term space mission influences dynamics of the leg-muscle strength and velocity recovery. On Earth, the loads equal from 70 to 130 % of the body mass is sufficient for keeping up endurance and maximum strength moments of shin and thigh muscles. In the group of cosmonauts who had not used the strength training device or chosen loads less than 30 % of the body mass the leg-muscle maximum strength and thigh endurance were decreased substantially on day 4 of return and all the more by day 15 back on Earth.
Herbal Medicine: Clinical Perspective and Regulatory Status
Authors: Barkat Md. Abul , Goyal Anjali , Barkat Harshita A. , Salauddin Mohammad , Pottoo Faheem H. , Anwer Esra T.
Published: November 2020

Herbal medicines play an important role in treating various ailments due to their
potentially high therapeutic values and acceptability by patients with different health complications.
The practice of herbal medicine involves the use of a part of a plant, the entire plant, or a selective
isolated phytoconstituent. The search for new drugs during the scientific era revived the interest in
the discovery of herbal drugs from different natural resources. The present modern healthcare system
involves the utilization of drugs and 50% of them are of natural origin. In recent years, there had
been an upsurge in the interest for search of novel herbal drugs by the pharmaceutical industry.
However, the discovery of such new novel phytomedicines involves various challenges in the
identification of active constituents; their characterization, pharmacological activity, toxicity/adverse
effects, drug interactions, and, most importantly, their regulatory requirements. The present review is
mainly focused on the history of herbal medicine, current clinical perspective, and pharmaceutical
and regulatory challenges facing herbal drugs. Moreover, problems encountered in drug discovery
from herbal resources and their possible solutions have been delineated.
Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Acute Ischemic Stroke: From Epidemiology to Outcomes
Authors: Chen Shiling , Pan Chao , Zhang Ping , Tang Yingxin , Tang Zhouping
Published: November 2020

Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) is currently the most frequently reported neurological complication
of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This article will elaborate the clinical features
of inpatients with COVID-19 and AIS and the pathophysiological mechanism of AIS under the
background of COVID-19. Through a detailed search of relevant studies, we found that the incidence
of AIS among COVID-19 patients varied from 0.9% to 4.6%, and AIS has been observed in
many people without an underlying disease and cardiovascular risk factors as well as young people.
The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of COVID-19 patients with AIS
was higher than historical AIS patients, and the proportion of large vessel occlusion (LVO) was
about 64.2%. COVID-19 patients with AIS generally have high levels of D-D dimer, fibrinogen,
C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), suggesting systemic hyperinflammatory
and hypercoagulable state. The pooled mortality of COVID-19 patients with AIS was
38% and the mortality of LVO patients is higher (45.9%). Compared with COVID-19-negative
AIS patients in the same period in 2020 and 2019, COVID-19 patients with AIS had a worse prognosis.
Effect of Maternal Education on Prenatal Adherence of Iron-folic Acid Supplementation in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mengesha Meresa Berwo , Hidru Hagos Degefa , Welay Fissaha Tekulu , Gebremedhin Tsige Shushay
Published: November 2020

Background:

Iron-folic acid supplementation is a central preventive measure for maternal
anemia, so considering the factors leading to or deterring from adherence is important. This review
aims to establish if there is a correlation between increasing maternal education and adherence
to iron-folic acid supplementation in Ethiopia.

Methods:

An electronic database search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane
Library and African Journals Online. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistical Assessment
and Review Instrument was used for quality appraisal of the included studies. The extracted
data were entered into Microsoft™ Excel sheet and exported to R-software version 3.6.1 for analysis.
Maternal education on adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation was analyzed and subgroup
analyses of difference between regions and time of study period were conducted.

Results:

The online search yielded a total of 936 articles, and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria
nine were included in this study with a total of 3263 participants. Applying the random effect model,
the analysis revealed that the odds of prenatal adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation
were 2.89 times higher in mothers with secondary school education and above as compared to
those who had not received formal education.

Conclusions:

This review identified that increased maternal education leads to improved adherence
of iron-folic acid supplementation amongst women across Ethiopia. This information may inform
efforts of government and non-government organizations to encourage maternal education in order
to sustained adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation. Further research is required in this critical
area at regional, national, and global levels.
The Anti-Proliferative Effect of a Newly-Produced Anti-PSCA-Peptide Antibody by Multiple Bioinformatics Tools, on Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Chizari Milad , Fani-Kheshti Sajad , Taeb Jaleh , Farajollahi Mohammad M. , Mohsenzadegan Monireh
Published: November 2020

Background::

Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) is a small cell surface protein, overexpressed in 90% of prostate cancers. Determination of epitopes that elicit an appropriate response to the antibody generation is vital for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic purposes for prostate cancer treatment. Presently, bioinformatics B-cell prediction tools can predict the location of epitopes, which is uncomplicated, faster, and more cost-effective than experimental methods.

Objective::

We aimed to predict a novel linear peptide for Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) protein in order to generate anti-PSCA-peptide (p) antibody and to investigate its effect on prostate cancer cells.

Methods::

In the current study, a novel linear peptide for PSCA was predicted using in silico methods that utilize a set of linear B-cell epitope prediction tools. Polyclonal antibody (anti-PSCA-p antibody “Patent No. 99318”) against PSCA peptide was generated. The antibody reactivity was determined by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and its specificity by immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western Blotting (WB) assays. The effect of the anti-PSCA-p antibody on PSCA-expressing prostate cancer cell line was assessed by Methylthiazolyldiphenyl- Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results::

New peptide-fragment of PSCA sequence as “N-CVDDSQDYYVGKKN-C” (PSCA-p) was selected and synthesized. The anti-PSCA-p antibody against the PSCA-p showed immunoreactivity with PSCA-p specifically bound to PC-3 cells. Also, the anti-PSCA-p antibody strongly stained the prostate cancer tissues as compared to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and normal tissues (P < 0.001). As the degree of malignancy increased, the staining intensity was also elevated in prostate cancer tissue (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the anti-PSCA-p antibody showed anti-proliferative effects on PC-3 cells (31%) with no growth inhibition effect on PSCA-negative cells.

Conclusion::

In this study, we developed a new peptide sequence (PSCA-p) of PSCA. The PSCA-p targeting by anti-PSCA-p antibody inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, suggesting the potential of PSCA-p immunotherapy for future prostate cancer studies.
Phyto-Phospholipid Complexation as a Novel Drug Delivery System for Management of Cancer with Better Bioavailability: Current Perspectives and Future Prospects
Authors: Sahu Ram K. , Aboulthana Wael M. , Mehta Dinesh K.
Published: November 2020

Cancer is the foremost cause of death, and it supports the need for the identification of novel anticancer
drugs to improve the efficacy of current-therapy. While the synthetic anticancer drug is associated with
numerous side effects. Hence the plant active or phytoconstituents are in high demand for the treatment of cancer
due to minimum side effects. But the polar nature of phytoconstituents hindered the absorption of the drug
and lowered the therapeutic efficacy. The plant activity incorporated into Phyto-phospholipid Complexation can
enhance bioavailability and improved therapeutic efficacy. In this review article, advantages, limitation and
application of Phyto-phospholipid complexes have been illustrated. The article highlights the application of
Phyto-phospholipid complexes as a promising drug carrier system to treat cancer.
The Fraction of the Snake Venom, Its Leishmanicidal Effect, and the Stimulation of an Anti-Leishmania Response in Infected Macrophages
Authors: Nikpour Saeideh , Tabatabaie Fatemeh , Sharifi Iraj , Mostafavi Mahshid , Oliaee Razieh T. , Sharifi Fatemeh , Babaei Zahra , Jafari Elham , Salarkia Ehsan , Shahbazzadeh Delavar
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims::

Due to the lack of an effective vaccine and complexity of the control
measures against vectors and reservoir hosts, the control of leishmaniasis depends primarily on
chemotherapy. This study was aimed to assess the snake venom, Naja naja oxiana fraction 11(NNOVF11)
on Leishmania infantum and its broad mode of action.

Methods::

A wide range of in vitro advanced assays including high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC), MTT (3-[4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5diphenyltetrazolium bromide; Thiazolyl blue),
macrophage assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), flow cytometry and enzyme-
linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on L. infantum promastigote and amastigote stages were
used. IC50 values of L. infantum stages, CC50 value, and apoptosis were also analyzed.

Results::

The NNOV-F11 demonstrated strong antileishmanial activity against L. infantum stages in a
dose-dependent manner compared to the untreated control group. Interleukin (IL)-12, TNF-α, and
iNOS genes expression as the indicators of T helper(h)1 response significantly increased; in contrast,
the expression level of IL-10, as the representative of Th2 response significantly decreased (p < 0.001).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) after treatment
with different concentrations of NNOV-F11, unlike arginase (ARG) activity, which displayed a significant
reduction (p < 0.001).

Conclusion::

NNOV-F11 possessed a potent inhibitory effect on L. infantum stages with the multifunctional
and broad mode of actions, which promoted the immunomodulatory role, induced ROS production,
stimulated apoptotic–like mechanisms, and inhibited L-ARG activity, which collectively led to
the parasite death. Further studies are crucial to assess the effect of the NNOV-F11 on animal models
or clinical settings.
Hak wasiat anak dalam kandungan perspektif hukum Islam
Authors: Nizami Auliya Ghazna
Published: November 2020

This study discusses the waṣiya right of the fetus (janīn) in the context of Islamic law. Islamic law in this regard is the opinion of the most powerful jurists in the four best known sects (mażhab). Being something that is worth mentioning is due to the lack of human attention and the legality that surrounds it to the rights of janīn. This study aims to find out how Islamic law protects the rights of children in the content with the strongest opinions available. This research is a literature study by collecting data in classic jurisprudence books to find out the opinions and opinions of past jurists and other supporting articles, normative jurisprudence that seeks to extract values and norms from the opinions of classical jurists. or any of the arguments contained in the law, and uses a descriptive approach intended to illustrate in general the scope of Islamic law in relation to the rights of the janīn. This study of Islamic law produces the strongest opinions of any internal debate in a sect, and the most salient opinion of all mażhab on a waṣiya right of the janīn.