bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma Revisão sobre o Comportamento do Consumidor de Turismo: caminhos para a personalização das experiências
Authors: Schuster Marcelo da Silva , Dias Valéria da Veiga
Published: June 2024

La comprensión de los aspectos que influyen en este comportamiento es relevante para investigadores, gestores de destinos o marketing. Evaluar el comportamiento turístico implica considerar que las características emocionales y psicológicas, del momento, pueden afectar la interpretación de la realidad y la percepción de las experiencias en el destino. Ante esto, el objetivo de esta investigación es presentar los principales cambios y tendencias en el área de comportamiento turístico, con el fin de proporcionar ideas que puedan ayudar a la industria de la hospitalidad a mejorar su oferta de servicios y la personalización de las experiencias turísticas. El presente estudio analizó 3.292 artículos encontrados en Scopus y creó categorías de análisis con el fin de facilitar la comprensión de los hallazgos. El análisis de los artículos se basó en la bibliometría que evalúan la importancia de las revistas, los autores y el desarrollo del tema. Los resultados muestran una transformación en el área, que movía esfuerzos en diferentes frentes hasta mediados de la década de 2000, cuando se comprendió que el comportamiento del turista era más complejo que las motivaciones de viaje. El enfoque en la experiencia del turista centró los esfuerzos en enfoques cuantitativos, de los artículos evaluados, 908 utilizaron modelado de ecuaciones estructurales, así como la mayoría de los más citados. Sin embargo, el enfoque en la personalización de la experiencia ha hecho emerger reflexiones sobre la necesidad de profundizar en el conocimiento sobre las relaciones que no se han confirmado, así como el uso de métodos cualitativos.
As Mudanças no Contexto Histórico-social das Pessoas com Deficiência: do global ao nacional
Authors: Lamas Suellen
Published: June 2024

Para melhor compreender o debate sobre acessibilidade no turismo, faz-se necessário antes perpassar pelo contexto histórico e social das pessoas com deficiência. Isto porque, uma breve linha do tempo descrevendo as mudanças no tratamento e no papel dessas pessoas nas sociedades em cada época, permite o entendimento dos termos e conceitos que emergiram pelo posicionamento delas na sociedade através dos tempos. Diante do exposto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma breve narrativa historiográfica que permita a compreensão de como o debate sobre acessibilidade e inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na sociedade e no contexto do turismo alcançaram sua forma atual. Tal proposta permite identificar a fundamentação da identidade da comunidade de pessoas com deficiência na contemporaneidade, com a compreensão de temas atuais amplamente discutidos, como capacitismo e as reinvindicações por direitos sociais que é legítima e urgente. Valendo-se, para tanto, do método histórico, pesquisas bibliográfica e documental foram realizadas para embasar uma breve historiografia sobre o tema da acessibilidade com a utilização de autores seminais no âmbito nacional e internacional. Assim, do abandono ou extermínio, nos primórdios civilizatórios, às campanhas dos direitos pelas pessoas com deficiência na Idade Contemporânea, vê-se uma evolução do conceito (e entendimento) de deficiência e suas terminologias correlatas, no tratamento e nas mudanças do papel dessas pessoas no contexto social que não seguem estáticas, mas em constante transformação.
As mídias sociais sob à ótica das agências de turismo de Florianópolis-SC
Authors: Santos Évelin Silveira de Vargas , Valer Salete
Published: June 2024

One of the mechanisms present in communication that can create connections and influence potential customers of companies in the virtual environment is social media. This research aims to investigate whether tourism agencies in Florianópolis-SC use the social media Instagram and Website to promote their services. The procedure method is qualitative, with the case study as its main modality. The research location is tourism agencies and the variables to investigate the agencies were: a) forms of contact provided by the companies: website, Instagram, telephone only and contactless; b) use of social media Instagram and number of followers. The results showed that there are 281 tourism agencies in Florianópolis-SC, and on Instagram there are 156 with profiles in this media and those that have a website are 121, and 104 with profiles in both media, but the vast majority do not use these media. strategically to build relationships and attract more customers. It is concluded that this gap may be due to the lack of qualifications of managers in relation to the communicative potential of each media studied.
Sculptural Hybridization: Combining Digital Parametric Modeling and Manufacturing with Traditional Handcrafting Techniques
Authors: Kiss Iosif-Andrei
Published: June 2024

Traditional handcrafting techniques used in the art of sculpting usually produce three-dimensional works of art, while modern reproducing techniques specific to copying and printing machines usually produce two-dimensional results. Mixing these techniques has had a major role in the development of recently emergent 3D digital fabrication techniques. Through a personal case study, this article discusses the similarities and differences between specific traditional additive manual processes used in the art of sculpting and additive three-dimensional modeling and 3D printing techniques. The case study showcases the hybridization of digital modeling and 3D printing processes with traditional physical handcrafting techniques to chart and inform a mixed media approach, with an array of positive outcomes in the art of sculpting and architecture.
Cursive Calligraphy in 3D and Bio-Ink
Authors: Lin Rem RunGu , Zhou You , Zhang Kang
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a generative approach to creating dynamic 3D cursive calligraphy by integrating motion and bio-data captured by EEG and EMG sensors with particle systems driven by vector fields. The artwork created through this method metaphorically and visually represents a calligrapher’s energy, inspired by the traditional concept of qi. The authors use the term bio-ink to describe the visualization technique of this digital sculpture, which uses bio-data as parameters to control the flow and dynamism of the particles. Utilizing Unreal Engine 5, the authors create a dynamic 3D artwork that inspires further investigation into the therapeutic benefits of calligraphy highlights the potential use of biofeedback in skill development, and paves the way for combining traditional arts with artists’ life-data.
Exploring the Materiality of Augmented Reality Markers through Arts-Led Cocreation: Drawing, Weaving, and Tiling
Authors: Lovett Leah , Signorelli Valerio , Hudson-Smith Andy
Published: June 2024

This article explores the use of arts-led approaches to augmented reality (AR) marker design through the presentation of four commissioned projects featuring AR markers created using traditional techniques including drawing, hand weaving, and tiling. The physical-to-digital process to convert artworks into AR markers produces opportunities for cocreation with diverse participants and for materiality to shape the AR experience. Reflecting on the materiality of the different techniques in relation to the temporal, spatial, and social settings of each project (arts festivals, a summer school, and workshops on heat wave-risk communication), the authors argue for a responsive approach to integrating multimodal dynamic markers.
SilenceTop: An Interactive Microarchitecture Responding Socially to Nonsocial Silences
Authors: Mun Reina Suyeon
Published: June 2024

SilenceTop is an interactive microarchitecture that reinterprets the traditional Korean soban table. This project aims to create a new form of interaction through silence by emphasizing nonlinguistic cues for interaction. SilenceTop challenges established notions of solitude and awkward conversational gaps while reshaping the domestic landscape. By harmonizing architectural and furniture dimensions, SilenceTop fosters interactivity among objects, spaces, and humans. The design offers easy assembly, adapting seamlessly to domestic settings with diverse spatial functions. Each seating side is positioned 75 cm apart, striking a balance for interaction in relationships both intimate and formal. The project focuses on silence, redefines object-space-human interactivity, and enriches the experience of person-environment engagement.
The Ecology of Knowledge: How the Complexity Sciences Can Explain the Peculiar Alliance between Art and Philosophy
Authors: Kislev Shachar Freddy
Published: June 2024

Why is art allied with philosophy? Why are artists expected to be familiar with critical discursive practices? This paper sketches a naturalistic framework for approaching this problem by conceptualizing knowledge as a complex adaptive system. The author argues against a static image of the disciplines, as implied by Biglan’s typology, and proposes an evolving understanding of disciplinary dynamics. Based on this framework, the author suggests that art and philosophy form a communication niche maintained primarily through the positions of the critic and curator. The author questions the usefulness of this bond and advocates for the free exploration of the ecology of knowledge.
Resonance: A Brain-Computer Interface Assemblage of EEG, Sound, and Therapeutic Clowns for the Detection of Consciousness
Authors: Blain-Moraes Stefanie , Serra Natalia Incio , Maschke Charlotte , Webber Jamie , Holland Melissa , Tembeck Tamar , Grond Florian , Schlesinger Joseph , Bernard Francis , Vinit Florence
Published: June 2024

A growing number of individuals live with medical conditions and injuries that render them minimally communicative. Assessing their level of consciousness and awareness is a major challenge that has profound implications for care decisions and their relationships. Resonance: a novel brain-computer interface assemblage, is designed to detect and augment expressions of consciousness in minimally communicative individuals. Resonance consists of (1) high-density EEG features that vary with states of consciousness; (2) sound; and (3) therapeutic clowns. Seven EEG features of consciousness are calculated in real time and mapped to sonic output. Therapeutic clowns use multisensory improvisational play to interact with these sonified brain features to create interpersonal connections with minimally communicative individuals. Resonance has the potential to reveal real-time variations in an individual’s level of consciousness, which may create an entirely new form of interpersonal interaction with minimally communicative persons.
The Development of Neural Art: An Outline
Authors: Shortess George K.
Published: June 2024

Throughout the author’s career, Neural Art, which is based on the functional properties of the nervous system, has been a significant part of his artwork. Three features stimulated his artistic development: (1) nervous systems as functioning networks, (2) sequences of neural impulses that operate within these networks, and (3) the interactions of nervous systems with external environments. This has resulted in three types of artworks: (1) artist’s books, (2) paintings with overlaid grids to suggest the neural networks as interfaces between inner experience and outer reality, and (3) interactive sound sculptures and installations that, when viewers move around the pieces, generate nerve impulse–like sounds or words and phrases related to a nervous system experiencing the external environment. This paper describes the development of this artwork.
Forgotten Pioneers of Media Art: Laboratory of Presentation Techniques
Authors: Maj Anna
Published: June 2024

In the mid-1970s the group Laboratory of Presentation Techniques (LPT) was active at the Academy of Fine Arts in Katowice. The artists conducted experiments and formal searches, exploring the potential of film, performance, and a new medium: video. LPT was the first in Silesia, the second in Poland, and one of the first artistic groups in Europe dealing with video art. Looking at the artistic path of Grzegorz G. Zgraja, the last of the artists, as well as Jadwiga and Jacek Singer’s works, the paper analyzes the most pivotal artistic achievements of the group. Based on the interviews and archival research, the author reconstructs LPT’s artistic contribution to European media art and the reasons these pioneers of media art were forgotten.
Between Alexandria and Antioch
Authors: Lee Justin J.
Published: June 2024

Patristic exegesis is often still viewed as a binary: Alexandria vs. Antioch, allegory vs. literal. While there are clear examples of interpreters who adhered to one school’s approach, there were many who sat somewhere between these two extremes. One notable example of this is Basil of Caesarea, who, when actually studied as an exegete, has often been miscast as a student of Antioch or Alexandria. An examination of Basil’s Homiliae super psalmos 45, however, demonstrates that the sources behind Basil’s interpretive efforts cannot be limited to one exegetical ‘school’ or another, but actually represent a diverse range of readings, from Origen of Alexandria to Eusebius of Caesarea to Diodore of Tarsus. In his christological reading of this psalm, Basil resembles the Antiochenes, while in his overall spiritual vision and penchant for allegory, he draws on Origen. The example of Basil demonstrates the complexity of the exegetical world of the early church and the non-binary lines of influence, as well as the need for scholars of patristic exegesis to recognize nuance and complexity in their treatments of these writers.
Low-code and ai-augmented Code for an Archaeological Database: Arkas 2.0
Authors: Lozić Edisa , Štular Benjamin
Published: June 2024

This data paper presents Arkas 2.0, a national research database and research infrastructure containing data on all archaeological sites and monuments in Slovenia. The new database is a hybrid cloud microservice built on low-code platforms (Caspio and ArcGIS Experience builder) and augmented by generative ai (ChatGPT-3.5). The data paper describes the Arkas 2.0 dataset and how it fits into the research context by discussing the challenges archaeologists face in setting up and curating datasets and the associated digital infrastructure. In response to these challenges, the data paper highlights the benefits of low-code platforms and ai-augmented code for archaeological research. It also describes the Arkas 2.0 development workflow, its new data structure, and its archiving process. The data paper concludes by suggesting that the use of low-code platforms combined with generative ai can democratise access to cutting-edge digital research infrastructure, bringing positive disruption to archaeology and the humanities.
Diverse Applications of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS)
Authors: Park Yeonju , Noda Isao , Jung Young Mee
Published: June 2024

This second of the two-part series of a comprehensive survey review provides the diverse applications of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) covering different probes, perturbations, and systems in the last two years. Infrared spectroscopy has maintained its top popularity in 2D-COS over the past two years. Fluorescence spectroscopy is the second most frequently used analytical method, which has been heavily applied to the analysis of heavy metal binding, environmental, and solution systems. Various other analytical methods including laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, capillary electrophoresis, seismologic, and so on, have also been reported. In the last two years, concentration, composition, and pH are the main effects of perturbation used in the 2D-COS fields, as well as temperature. Environmental science is especially heavily studied using 2D-COS. This comprehensive survey review shows that 2D-COS undergoes continuous evolution and growth, marked by novel developments and successful applications across diverse scientific fields.
Book review: Amit Kumar, Precious Threads and Precarious Lives: Histories of Shawl and Silk Industries of Kashmir, 1846–1950
Authors: Choudhury Suchitra
Published: June 2024

Amit Kumar, Precious Threads and Precarious Lives: Histories of Shawl and Silk Industries of Kashmir, 1846–1950 (Routledge, 2022), 163 pp.
Surface modification of poly (ethylene terephthalate) using imidazolium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Nouri Bita , Khoddami Akbar , Mostajeran Masoud , Alihosseini Farzane
Published: June 2024

Ionic liquids (ILs), with their unique characteristics, are widely known as new alternatives for solvents and catalysts used in various chemical reactions. Due to their extensive range of applications and environmental compatibility, they are suitable options for treating fibrous substrates. In this regard, this paper focuses on investigating the possibility of poly (ethylene terephthalate) surface modification via imidazolium-based ILs. Surface modification was carried out under different process conditions by varying the temperature and the catalyst. The possibility of treating samples in the IL solution for the second time was also examined. Moreover, the effect of the modification on the dyeing of polyester with disperse dye without carrier at 100 °C was studied. The samples’ wettability properties were investigated through several test methods by measuring vertical wicking height, wetting time, drop contact angle, surface resistivity and absorption of methylene blue dye. The chemical and physical changes of the modified samples were also evaluated via scanning electron microscopy images, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra and mechanical tests. Results demonstrate that treatment with [BMIM]Cl and [BMIM]Br induces morphological changes on the fibre surface, creating grooves and voids. FTIR analysis and Methylene blue staining test confirm the formation of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, enhancing the fabric's hydrophilicity and dyeability. Wettability tests reveal that increased water absorption leads to reduced electrical resistivity. Mechanical tests indicate a slight reduction in tensile strength attributed to surface roughness.
Wettability of molten CaO-Al2O3-MgO slag on some refractory materials at 1773K
Authors: Xie Chunsheng , Yin Rui , Xu Jifang , Hu Xu , Wu Xiaoqiang , Zhang Jieyu
Published: June 2024

The interface characteristic of molten slag has an important effect on the interface phenomenon and reaction between molten slag and molten metal/refractory. The wettability of molten CaO-MgO-Al2O3 slag on some refractory materials (including Mo, graphite, boron nitride (BN), MgO and Al2O3) was studied in argon atmosphere at 1773 K. The contact angle between molten slag and substrate material was measured by the sessile drop method; the interfacial tension and work of adhesion were calculated by Young equation and Young-Dupré equation, respectively. The results showed that, except for graphite, the molten slag can well wet these materials, and the contact angle decreases with increasing temperature and eventually converges to a stable equilibrium value. The interfacial tension of different substrate materials is very different, and the interfacial tension between the slag and reactive substrate MgO, Al2O3 and graphite is small, ranging from 71 to 205 mN/m. The molten slag-Mo of the non-reactive substrate is 1323 mN/m and the molten slag-BN is 7297 mN/m. The adhesion work between molten slag and substrate is in the range of 800–1100 mJm−2 except graphite, which is 400 mJm−2.
Quality prediction and process parameter importance analysis of cord steel during continuous casting
Authors: Ni Yufan , Zhang Tongwei , He Fei , Chou Mabel
Published: June 2024

Continuous casting process control is crucial for enhancing the quality of steel. Center segregation, a key indicator of quality, plays a significant role in ensuring the quality of cord steel. However, the complexities of the continuous casting process, such as data silos, delayed inspections, uneven sampling and non-linearity, pose challenges to making timely improvements in quality. This study introduces an ensemble learning algorithm called LOF-KPCA-XGBoost, which combines Local Outlier Factor (LOF) sample weight, Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for online prediction of the center segregation coefficient of continuous casting billets. The algorithm achieves an accuracy of 90% and 98% within ±3% and ±5% relative error, respectively, with an average relative error of 1.6%. A sensitivity analysis method that leverages multivariable feature fluctuations is proposed to identify the process parameters that affect billet quality. The proposed method assists steel enterprises in improving the quality of cord steel billets.
The marketization of a selective school transition in Switzerland
Authors: Bauer Itta , Landolt Sara
Published: June 2024

This article seeks to contribute to ongoing debates on geographies of marketization, which are used in social and geographical research on education to account for the performativity and inherent inconsistencies of markets. This case study draws on students’ transition to the state-funded academically focused school track of Gymnasium in Zurich, Switzerland, which merges intellectual and social selectivity in a central entrance examination. This situation has fostered both a flourishing market of costly private preparation courses offered by educational entrepreneurs and free school courses. We elaborate a detailed picture of this educational market by showcasing the entanglement of public education, private supplementary education and parents obliged to advance their children’s educational careers and well-being. For this purpose, we draw linkages between these groups of actors and three key elements of geographies of marketization: problematization, commodification and calculative agents. Our findings show how this complex set of actors interacts in a constant reproduction and contestation of this market. The issues of social inequalities and subtle forms of resistance appear recurrently in our findings, and we argue that a geographies of marketization approach enables a fuller picture to be drawn of this educational transition market. In our conclusion, we suggest that this approach might also be helpful in critically questioning the borders between state-funded education and private supplementary education to improve the chances of transition to Gymnasium for all aspiring children regardless of their social or migration background.
Infrastructuring zoonoses: Zoonoses, infrastructures, and the life giving and taking politics of pandemic prevention
Authors: Enns Charis , Bersaglio Brock
Published: June 2024

This article critically reviews geographical scholarship to develop five categories for conceptualising the plurality of zoonotic disease situations configured through infrastructure. These are infrastructures that (1) unmoor zoonoses, (2) mobilise zoonoses, (3) immobilise zoonoses, (4) leak zoonoses, and (5) surveil zoonoses. Our analysis of these categories complicates notions that infrastructure either spreads or stops zoonoses and reveals the varied bio- and necro-politics associated with zoonotic disease situations configured through infrastructure. Before concluding, we review principles of infrastructuring zoonoses otherwise to help mobilise geographical scholarship in support of anti-anthropocentric, care-full, and probiotic approaches to modulating zoonoses in the (post)pandemic era.
Pre-pandemic antibodies screening against SARS-CoV-2 and virus detection among children diagnosed with eruptive fevers
Authors: Najimi Nouhaila , Tajount Latifa , Regragui Zakia , Remz Chaimae , Ait-Lhaj-Mhand Rokaya , Kadi Chaimae , Belayachi Lamiae , Seghrouchni Fouad , Nadia dakka  , El Hassani Rabii Ameziane , Elharti Elmir , Oumzil Hicham , Bakri Youssef
Published: June 2024

Objectives

This study aims to assess the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibodies against the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (NP) proteins, as well as neutralizing antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Additionally, it aims to detect viral RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in pre-pandemic archival pediatric specimens collected before the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic spread on March 20th, 2020, in Morocco. The objective is to investigate the existence of pre-pandemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study, to analyze IgG antibody levels in a cohort of 106 pre-pandemic pediatric participants. Using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we measured the IgG levels against the S and NP proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we staged a competitive ELISA assay to evaluate the neutralizing capability of these antibodies. We used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect viral NP and ORF1ab genes of SARS-CoV-2 in oropharyngeal swabs. Moreover, we conducted on the same specimens a multiplexed RT-PCR to detect RNA of the most common 27 pathogens involved in lower respiratory tract infections.

Results

Among the 106 serum samples, 13% ( nn = =14) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using ELISA. Temporal analysis indicated varying IgG positivity levels across 2019. Neutralizing antibodies were found in 21% of the 28 samples analyzed, including two with high inhibition rates (93%). The SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected using rRT-PCR in 14 samples. None of the samples tested positive for the other 27 pathogens associated with lower respiratory tract infections, using multiplexed RT-PCR.

Conclusion

Our study addresses the possibility, that COVID-19 infections occurred in Morocco before the recognized outbreak. On the other hand, some of the cases might reflect cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses or be influenced by previous viral exposures or vaccinations. Understanding these factors is crucial to comprehending pediatric immune responses to newly emerging infectious diseases.
Inverse interaction of shear between steel-stirrups and externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymers in shear-strengthened reinforced concrete beams: Analytical and numerical models
Authors: Abbasi Amirali , Chaallal Omar , El-Saikaly Georges
Published: June 2024

Shear failure in reinforced concrete (RC) beams have always been a serious concern due to its brittle fracture mode. In addition, many questions are raised about the accuracy of current design guidelines for predicting the shear resistance contribution of externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (EB-CFRPs) to the ultimate shear strength of strengthened RC beams, particularly with regard to the inverse interaction of the shear contribution between steel-stirrups and EB-CFRPs. The main objective of the present study is to implement experimental and numerical tests to develop analytical and numerical models for RC beams strengthened in shear using EB-CFRPs. Emphasis is placed on the negative inverse interaction between the steel-stirrups and the EB-CFRPs as the ratio of EB-CFRP-to-steel-stirrups increases with increasing the CFRP rigidity (CFRP thickness and CFRP width). The inverse interaction is not included in the design models proposed by most current guidelines, although it has a considerable effect on shear resistance as predicted by the guidelines. In fact, the shear contribution associated with EB-CFRP decreases as the ratio of EB-CFRP-to-steel-stirrups increases. Therefore, proposing reliable effective strains by including these parameters improve the calculated shear contribution of EB-CFRPs. First, an analytical model is proposed for CFRP effective strain considering the inverse interaction between EB-CFRPs and steel-stirrups. Afterward, a validation of the proposed model with experimental data is done by conducting a parametric study of the increasing trends with respect to the ratio of EB-CFRP-to-steel-stirrups. A numerical finite-element model for the reduction factor and the corresponding effective strain based on the inverse interactions between EB-CFRPs and steel-stirrups is also proposed, and the results are compared with various current guidelines. The results are presented in terms of shear crack patterns, load-midspan deflections, shear stresses, strain responses along the fibers, maximum strain profiles for all the CFRPs and specimens, applied shear forces and strains for all the steel-stirrups and EB-CFRPs, and interactions between steel-stirrups and EB-CFRPs based on their maximum strain contributions at the maximum shear forces and the maximum strain they experience after shear failure.
A Postcolonial Feminist Perspective on Traditional Birth Attendants and Management of Pregnancy Complications Among Indigenous Women in Rural Nigeria
Authors: Arukwe Nnanna Onuoha , Chime Chukwudi Samuel , Okwara Francis Okoronkwo
Published: June 2024

The work of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) in the Global South continues to be pivotal to the operations of rural healthcare services, especially as formal healthcare services often malfunction in rural communities, as in rural Nigeria, where TBAs preponderantly conduct deliveries among Indigenous women. This study examines TBAs’ management of delivery complications in rural Nigeria among Indigenous women using a sample of TBAs and TBAs’ service users. The study adopts a qualitative methodology involving focus groups of TBAs’ service users and interviews of TBAs to determine TBAs’ effectiveness in managing obstetric complications, considering their differentiation in terms of service competence. The study apprehends the phenomenon through a postcolonial feminist theoretical lens. The results show that TBAs have differential capabilities in the management of cases and their perception and interpretation of problems determined whether physical or metaphysical strategies were employed in their work. While some TBAs competently managed the presented cases, others invited either TBA colleagues or traditional resource persons to assist in such dire moments. Even though the TBAs—victims of patriarchy and colonial subjugation—continue to be marginalized and subjugated by male-dominated colonial and neocolonial power structures, they have significantly transformed their values to create a model for rural social work that provides social and emotional support to Indigenous women in rural spaces. The study therefore identifies a social policy and social work imperative for ideas sharing between different forms of Westernized healthcare practitioners and TBAs to engender the best health outcomes for rural Indigenous women.
Why Are Unemployment Insurance Claims So Low?
Authors: O’Leary Christopher J. , Kline Kenneth J. , Stengle Thomas A. , Wandner Stephen A.
Published: June 2024

The authors investigate reasons unemployment insurance (UI) claims have declined dramatically over the past 3 decades. The fall is concerning because it suggests a reduced countercyclical effectiveness of the UI program. Additionally, weekly initial UI claims are an important leading indicator of aggregate economic activity, so their meaning has changed. The authors identify the main factors that changed with the decline in claims. Their procedure suggests what the level of claims would have been later in the period, had values of variables or parameters of the system been at levels observed earlier in the period. The analysis of state-year data suggests that the decline in UI claims stems largely from changes in the industrial and occupational mix of employment interacting with changes in UI program features set by individual states. This decline could be offset by federal rules for states to improve benefit access, replacement rates, and potential UI durations.
Taking Shortcuts and Workarounds: Is it Ethical?
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: June 2024

Current healthcare practices are geared toward standardized policies and procedures that are intended to guide the practice of all members of the healthcare professions, especially the practice of nurses. Instead of using predefined practices, nurses often choose shortcuts or workarounds to complete daily work in healthcare institutions. Are the shortcuts considered ethical for nurse practice or for members of the discipline of nursing? This article begins an ethical straight-thinking discussion on the conflicting values and implications for those who offer professional nurse services and those who receive these services.
The Effect of Nursing Approach on the Self-Management and Adjustment to the Illness among Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patients According to Meleis’s Transition Theory
Authors: Gül Ebru , Erci Behice
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine how the nursing approach based on Meleis’s transition theory affects the self-management and adjustment to the illness among newly diagnosed diabetic patients. The study was conducted as one-group and pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The data were collected using the Introductory Questionnaire, the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale–Self Report (PAIS-SR). It was determined that there was a positive increase in the total score of the DSMQ after the intervention, and a positive decrease in the total score of the PAIS-SR, and the difference between the scores were statistically significant ( p < .05).
Characterizing Cryptostegia grandiflora stem fiber for reinforcing lightweight polymer composites: A comprehensive study of its physical, chemical, and thermal properties
Authors: Ramesh M , Jenish I , Selvan M Tamil , Felix Sahayaraj A
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to characterize Cryptostegia grandiflora stem fiber (CGSF) as a potential reinforcement material for lightweight polymer composites. Natural fiber-reinforced materials have gained attention as a promising alternative to synthetic fibers due to their comparable strength and modulus, and lack of harmful chemicals. The physical, chemical, and thermal properties of CGSF were investigated through fiber roughness, chemical measurement, physical measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XRD, water absorption, thermogravimetric analysis, and SEM conformation analysis. The results showed that CGSF has a high cellulose content (80.3 wt.%) and specific strength, making it suitable for use in polymer composites. Its flaky layered outer surface provides a high modulus, and its low microfibril angle observed through electron microscopy results in strong bonding qualities. The fiber also demonstrated improved heat stability up to 254–387 °C through thermogravimetric analysis, meeting the requirements for polymerization. These findings demonstrate the potential of CGSF as a natural reinforcement material for lightweight polymer composites.
Quantifying Sagittal Lip Changes in Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip Post Abbe Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Muller John N. , Diaz Allison , Verzella Alexandra , Staffenberg David A. , Flores Roberto L.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To objectively quantify results of sagittal lip changes following Abbe flap reconstruction in patients with bilateral cleft lip.

Design

Retrospective, observational study.

Setting

Single institution, 8-year retrospective review.

Patients/Participants

In total, 17 patients with bilateral cleft lip that underwent Abbe flap reconstruction were included in this study.

Intervention

Patients had lateral photographs taken prior to Abbe flap reconstruction and at least 8 months post-Abbe flap.

Main Outcome Measurements

Vegter's index, Sushner's S2 line and Burstone's B line reference lines were used for evaluation of sagittal lip changes. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used in analysis.

Results

The mean pre-Abbe flap upper to lower lip ratio, defined as Vegter's Lip Index, was 0.906 compared to a mean of 0.946 following Abbe flap reconstruction. The mean upper to lower lip ratio for Sushner's S2 and Burstone's B line exhibited an increase in upper lip sagittal projection from −0.164 to 1.459 and 0.259 to 0.957, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study quantifies sagittal changes to upper and lower lip position after Abbe flap reconstruction. These findings may aid in operative planning and patient/caregiver expectations during counseling.
Evaluation of Aloe Vera Gel Combined with Cinnamon Oil with Antibacterial Activity for Wound Healing Application
Authors: Khurshid Sana , Farwa Ume , Mazhar Zaryab , Naeem Hamna , Ishaq Yasmeen
Published: June 2024

Treatment of chronic wounds has been shifted to traditional approaches due to surge in antibiotic resistance. Wounds that fail to heal satisfactorily may result in the amputation of the organ. In this research work, cinnamon oil (CO) and aloe vera (AV) that have been traditionally used as antibacterial agents are combined in a unique gel (COVA) and its antibacterial activity has been evaluated through in vitro and in vivo studies. Antibacterial activity was measured through disk diffusion and agar dilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. To check antibacterial and wound healing activity, diabetic excision wound healing rat model was used. Wound closure, wound contraction, tissue hydroxyproline content, antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were monitored. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of CO + AV for bacterium P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were 100 and 200 µg/ml, respectively. After 14 days, the wounds covered with COVA therapy reached to nearly full wound closure (79% wound contraction) compared to control. The collagen content and level of TAC increased significantly ( P < 0.05) in treated groups; therefore, 25% fast healing was observed in wounds treated with CO and AV gel combined. Reduced levels of tissue MDA were observed in all treated groups and specially wound covered with COVA (0.43 mM/mg in control vs 0.25 mM/mg in COVA). Histopathological examination also supported the outcomes. Significantly elevated increase in the level of hydroxyproline was found in rats of COVA treatment group (37.1 ± 0.44). Combination of CO and AV can be potentially used to prevent infection in wound; as these herbal agents not only inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria but also accelerate tissue repair.
The effects of shared leadership perceived by soccer players on teamwork execution and flow state: Applying the IMO framework
Authors: Lee Seungjoo , Kwon Sungho , Yang Kyoungjin
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate how shared leadership, as perceived by players within a soccer team, influences teamwork execution and the state of flow. To achieve the objectives of this study, a purposive sampling method was employed, and soccer players registered with the Korea Football Association were selected as the research participants. Subsequently, data were collected using self-report surveys on shared leadership, teamwork execution, and flow state. Data from 415 participants were utilized for analysis, and data analysis was conducted using the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Shared leadership was found to have a positive association with teamwork execution and the state of flow. Furthermore, the mediating effect of teamwork execution in the relationship between shared leadership and the state of flow was found to be significant. The results of this study emphasize the influence of leadership that is shared among team members rather than the effectiveness of individual leadership.
Prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and associated factors among pregnant women at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest Ethiopia: Multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Mohammed Seid Abdulwase , Mehari Eden Abetu , Bekalu Abaynesh Fentahun , Dula Sema Faisel , Limenh Liknaw Workie , Geremew Derso Teju , Tessema Tewodros Ayalew , Anagaw Yeniewa Kerie , Mitku Melese Legesse , Worku Minichil Chanie , Bizuneh Gizachew Kassahun , Ayenew Wondim , Simegn Wudneh
Published: June 2024

Background:

Hyperemesis gravidarum is one of the problems encountered among pregnant women due to persistent and excessive vomiting starting before the end of the 22nd week of gestation. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and associated factors among pregnant women at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest Ethiopia.

Methods:

A multi-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at comprehensive specialized hospitals from 1st June 2022 to 30th July 2022. The data were entered using EPI Data Version 4.6 statistical software and analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and percentage were calculated. Univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the associated factors of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Results:

In all, 404 study participants were enrolled. About 16.8% of pregnant women were found to have hyperemesis gravidarum. Age < 20 year (AOR = 3.170; 95% CI: 1.119, 8.980), study participants who cannot read and write (AOR = 5.662; 95% CI: 2.036, 15.7470), grade 1–8 (AOR = 4.679; 95% CI: 1.778, 12.316), and grade 9–10 (AOR = 8.594; 95% CI: 3.017, 24.481), being housewife (AOR = 6.275; 95% CI: 1.052, 37.442), living in urban area (AOR = 2.185; 95% CI: 1.035, 4.609), having previous hyperemesis gravidarum (AOR = 2.463; 95% CI: 1.210, 5.012), having family history of hyperemesis gravidarum (AOR = 2.014; 95% CI: 1.002, 4.047), unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 2.934; 95% CI: 1.030, 8.351), having recent abortion (AOR = 2.750; 95% CI: 1.010, 7.483), and gravidity (AOR = 1.956; 95%CI: 1.023, 3.737) were factors associated with hyperemesis gravidarum.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum is higher. Low maternal age, lower educational level, being a housewife, being an urban resident, having previous hyperemesis gravidarum, having a family history, having an unplanned pregnancy, and having a recent abortion were significantly associated with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Justitia ex machina: The impact of an AI system on legal decision-making and discretionary authority
Authors: Kolkman Daan , Bex Floris , Narayan Nitin , van der Put Manuella
Published: June 2024

Governments increasingly use algorithms to inform or supplant decision-making. Artificial Intelligence systems in particular are considered objective, consistent and efficient decision-makers, but have also been shown to be fallible. Furthermore, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in government is fraught with challenges which are only partly understood and rarely studied in practice. In this paper, we draw on science and technology studies and human computer interaction and report on a critical case study of the development and use of an AI system for processing traffic violation appeal at a Dutch court. Although much empirical work on algorithms in practice is primarily observational in nature, we employ a canonical action research approach and actively participate in the development of the AI system. We draw on data collected in the form of interviews, observations, documents and a user-experiment. Based on this material we provide: 1. An in-depth empirical account of the tensions between street-level bureaucrats, screen-level bureaucrats and street-level algorithms; 2. An analysis of the differences between decisions made by, with and without the AI system and find that use of the AI systems impacts decisions made by legal experts; 3. A confirmation of earlier work that finds AI systems can best be applied in support of legal-decision making and demonstrate how the decision-making process of the traffic violation cases may mitigate some of the risks of algorithmic decision-making.
Yttrium-90 anti-CD25 BEAM conditioning for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Zain Jasmine , Tsai Ni-Chun , Palmer Joycelynne , Simpson Jennifer , Adhikarla Vikram , Bading James R. , Yazaki Paul , Smith Eileen P. , Dandapani Savita , Song Joo Y. , Karras Nicole A. , Herrera Alex F. , Salhotra Amandeep , Nademanee Auayporn P. , Nakamura Ryotaro , Smith D. Lynne , Yamauchi David , Poku Erasmus K. , Biglang-Awa V. Eric , Colcher David , Shively John E. , Wu Anna M. , Forman Stephen J. , Wong Jeffrey , Thomas Sandra
Published: June 2024

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) have a poor prognosis with current treatments. High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) is used as a consolidation strategy after achieving clinical remission with first-line therapy, as well as in chemotherapy-sensitive relapse if allogeneic transplant is not an option. CD25 is a targetable protein often highly expressed in PTCLs. In this phase 1 clinical trial, we tested the addition of β-emitting 90yttrium (90Y)–labeled chimeric anti-CD25 basiliximab (aTac) to BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) as conditioning for AHCT for patients with PTCL. Twenty-three AHCT-eligible patients were enrolled, and 20 received therapeutic 90Y-aTac-BEAM AHCT. Radiation doses of 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mCi/kg were tested. With no observed dose-limiting toxicities, 0.6 mCi/kg was deemed the recommended phase 2 dose. The most prevalent adverse effect, grade 2 mucositis, was experienced by 80% of patients. As of this report, 6 (30%) of the treated patients had died, 5 due to progressive disease and 1 due to multiple organ failure (median time of death, 17 months [range, 9-21]) after AHCT. Median follow-up was 24 months (range, 9-26) overall and 24 months (range, 13-26) for surviving patients. For patients who received therapeutic 90Y-aTac-BEAM AHCT, the 2-year progression-free and overall survival were 59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 34-77) and 68% (95% CI, 42-84), respectively. 90Y-aTac-BEAM appears to be safe as an AHCT conditioning regimen for PTCL, with no increased toxicity over the toxicities historically seen with BEAM alone in this patient population. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT02342782.
Incidence and outcomes of cytomegalovirus reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy
Authors: Lin Rick Y. , Anderson Anthony D. , Natori Yoichiro , Raja Mohammed , Morris Michele I. , Jimenez Antonio Jimenez , Beitinjaneh Amer , Wang Trent , Goodman Mark , Lekakis Lazaros , Spiegel Jay , Holtzman Noa G. , Pereira Denise , Benjamin Cara , Natori Akina , Komanduri Krishna V. , Camargo Jose F.
Published: June 2024

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a major complication among seropositive allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients; however, data on CMV reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy are limited. We report the incidence and outcomes of 95 adult CMV-seropositive patients who received CAR T-cell therapy between February 2018 and February 2023. CMV outcomes were CMV reactivation (any viremia) and clinically significant CMV infection (cs-CMV). Thirty-one patients (33%) had evidence of CMV reactivation (any viremia), and 10 patients (11%) had cs-CMV. The median time from CAR T-cell infusion to CMV reactivation was 19 days (interquartile range [IQR], 9-31). The cumulative incidence of CMV (any viremia) was significantly higher among patients with grade 3 to 4 cytokine release syndrome (67 vs 28%; P = .01), and those who received corticosteroids (39 vs 21%; P = .03), anakinra (56 vs 28%; P = .02), or ≥2 immunosuppressants (41 vs 21%; P = .02). Receipt of corticosteroids (18 vs 0%; P = .004), tocilizumab (14 vs 0%; P = .04), anakinra (33 vs 7%; P = .008), and ≥2 immunosuppressants (20 vs 0%; P = .001) were all associated with cs-CMV. Receiving ≥2 immunosuppressants was associated with a twofold increase in CMV reactivation in multivariate analyses (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-4.8; P = .03). Overall, the 1-year mortality was significantly higher in those with CMV reactivation (57% vs 23%; P = .001). Immunosuppression, particularly with corticosteroids, for the management of CAR T-cell toxicities, is a major risk factor for CMV reactivation.