bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Associated Fluids: The Case of Isopentyl Alcohol Dissolved in Carbon Tetrachloride
Authors: Tsigoias Stefanos , Kouderis Constantine , Mylona-Kosmas Agni , Kalampounias Angelos G.
Published: August 2023

Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of isopentyl-alcohol dissolved in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were recorded as a function of concentration and temperature. Dilute isopentyl alcohol/CCl4 solutions were prepared in alcohol at concentrations of 1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001 and 0.0005 M. Infrared absorption measurements were taken within a temperature range of 17–67 °C below the boiling point of the solutions. Decomposition of the spectral features corresponding to associated and unassociated species was performed to quantitatively follow the effect of temperature and concentration on intermolecular hydrogen bonding (HB) in isopentyl alcohol. The spectral feature in the 3600–3650 cm−1 frequency range attributed to the free OH stretching band was studied in detail to determine changes based on concentration and temperature variations. Computational methodologies were applied to evaluate the energetics and vibrational properties of the species involved in the structure in the gaseous state where no interactions are present. The results are discussed in view of relevant structural models to gain quantitative information concerning the effect of concentration and temperature on intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Marine Natural Compound (Neviotin A) Displays Anticancer Efficacy by Triggering Transcriptomic Alterations and Cell Death in MCF-7 Cells
Authors: Saquib Quaiser , Schwaiger Stefan , Alilou Mostafa , Ahmed Sarfaraz , Siddiqui Maqsood A. , Ahmad Javed , Faisal Mohammad , Abdel-Salam Eslam M. , Wahab Rizwan , Al-Rehaily Adnan J. , Stuppner Hermann , Al-Khedhairy Abdulaziz A.
Published: August 2023

We investigated the anticancer mechanism of a chloroform extract of marine sponge (Haliclona fascigera) (sample C) in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. Viability analysis using MTT and neutral red uptake (NRU) assays showed that sample C exposure decreased the proliferation of cells. Flow cytometric data exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), dysfunction of mitochondrial potential, and apoptosis in sample C-treated MCF-7 cells. A qPCR array of sample C-treated MCF-7 cells showed crosstalk between different pathways of apoptosis, especially BIRC5, BCL2L2, and TNFRSF1A genes. Immunofluorescence analysis affirmed the localization of p53, bax, bcl2, MAPKPK2, PARP-1, and caspase-3 proteins in exposed cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation of sample C revealed Neviotin A as the most active compound triggering maximum cell death in MCF-7, indicating its pharmacological potency for the development of a drug for the treatment of human breast cancer.
Design and Synthesis Strategy of MXenes-Based Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries and Progress of First-Principles Research
Authors: Su Dan , Zhang Hao , Zhang Jiawei , Zhao Yingna
Published: August 2023

MXenes-based materials are considered to be one of the most promising electrode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their excellent flexibility, high conductivity and tuneable surface functional groups. However, MXenes often have severe self-agglomeration, low capacity and unsatisfactory durability, which affects their practical value. The design and synthesis of advanced heterostructures with advanced chemical structures and excellent electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries have been widely studied and developed in the field of energy storage devices. In this review, the design and synthesis strategies of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials and the influence of various synthesis strategies on the structure and properties of MXenes-based materials are comprehensively summarized. Then, the first-principles research progress of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials is summarized, and the relationship between the storage mechanism and structure of sodium-ion batteries and the electrochemical performance is revealed. Finally, the key challenges and future research directions of the current design and synthesis strategies and first principles of these MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials are introduced.
Inverse-Folding Design of Yeast Telomerase RNA Increases Activity In Vitro
Authors: Lebo Kevin J. , Zappulla David C.
Published: August 2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomerase RNA, TLC1, is an 1157 nt non-coding RNA that functions as both a template for DNA synthesis and a flexible scaffold for telomerase RNP holoenzyme protein subunits. The tractable budding yeast system has provided landmark discoveries about telomere biology in vivo, but yeast telomerase research has been hampered by the fact that the large TLC1 RNA subunit does not support robust telomerase activity in vitro. In contrast, 155–500 nt miniaturized TLC1 alleles comprising the catalytic core domain and lacking the RNA’s long arms do reconstitute robust activity. We hypothesized that full-length TLC1 is prone to misfolding in vitro. To create a full-length yeast telomerase RNA, predicted to fold into its biologically relevant structure, we took an inverse RNA-folding approach, changing 59 nucleotides predicted to increase the energetic favorability of folding into the modeled native structure based on the p-num feature of Mfold software. The sequence changes lowered the predicted ∆G of this “determined-arm” allele, DA-TLC1, by 61 kcal/mol (−19%) compared to wild-type. We tested DA-TLC1 for reconstituted activity and found it to be ~5-fold more robust than wild-type TLC1, suggesting that the inverse-folding design indeed improved folding in vitro into a catalytically active conformation. We also tested if DA-TLC1 functions in vivo, discovering that it complements a tlc1∆ strain, allowing cells to avoid senescence and maintain telomeres of nearly wild-type length. However, all inverse-designed RNAs that we tested had reduced abundance in vivo. In particular, inverse-designing nearly all of the Ku arm caused a profound reduction in telomerase RNA abundance in the cell and very short telomeres. Overall, these results show that the inverse design of S. cerevisiae telomerase RNA increases activity in vitro, while reducing abundance in vivo. This study provides a biochemically and biologically tested approach to inverse-design RNAs using Mfold that could be useful for controlling RNA structure in basic research and biomedicine.
Non-Coding RNAs: Foes or Friends for Targeting Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Szymanowska Anna , Rodriguez-Aguayo Cristian , Lopez-Berestein Gabriel , Amero Paola
Published: August 2023

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of molecules critical for cell development and growth regulation. They are key regulators of important cellular pathways in the tumor microenvironment. To analyze ncRNAs in the tumor microenvironment, the use of RNA sequencing technology has revolutionized the field. The advancement of this technique has broadened our understanding of the molecular biology of cancer, presenting abundant possibilities for the exploration of novel biomarkers for cancer treatment. In this review, we will summarize recent achievements in understanding the complex role of ncRNA in the tumor microenvironment, we will report the latest studies on the tumor microenvironment using RNA sequencing, and we will discuss the potential use of ncRNAs as therapeutics for the treatment of cancer.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Sensing of «Hidden» Atomistic and Cooperative Defects in Femtosecond Laser-Inscribed Photoluminescent Encoding Patterns in Diamond
Authors: Vyatkin Sergey , Danilov Pavel , Smirnov Nikita , Pomazkin Daniil , Kuzmin Evgeny , Gorevoy Alexey , Muratov Andrey , Matyaev Ivan , Kudryashov Sergey
Published: August 2023

The changes that appeared in the crystal structure of a natural diamond under the influence of a pulsed femtosecond laser (525 nm) were comprehensively investigated using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy methods. It is shown that changes in the crystal structure occur due to the laser-driven interrelated process of the appearance and migration of interstitial carbon atoms and vacancies. On the one hand, there are atomistic transformations related to a decrease in the concentrations of structural centers that are not associated with vacancies or interstitial atoms—centers A (FT-IR spectroscopy) and P1 and W7 (EPR)—and an increase in the concentration of the H3, NV0, and NV− (PL) centers, which are associated with vacancies. On the other hand, there are indications of cooperative effects—an increase in the intensity of multi-atomic B2 (platelets, layers of interstitial carbon atoms (FT-IR)) and N2 (fragments of the structure with broken C–C bonds (EPR)) centers.
The Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Shower System Biofilms: Implications for Emissions and Indoor Human Exposure
Authors: Parmar Priyanka , Niculita-Hirzel Hélène
Published: August 2023

Biofilms play a crucial role in absorbing various metals from water, including copper, lead, iron, chromium, nickel, zinc, cadmium, and barium. While their presence was revealed in shower system biofilms, the factors affecting metal accumulation in shower system biofilms were poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate the capacity of shower hose biofilms to accumulate heavy metals, in particular in biofilms growing in energy-efficient showerhead systems, and evaluate the potential emission in water and aerosols of metal pollutants during showering. The adsorption efficiency of various metals in biofilms was assessed by ICP/MS and revealed that biofilms accumulate metals as they age and as biofilm biomass increases, indicating a potential influence of heavy metals on biofilm ecology. Furthermore, the study examined the emission of heavy metals during showering and found that it was sporadic and limited primarily to copper and zinc. These findings raise concerns regarding the role of biofilms in both retaining and releasing metal contaminants in water distribution systems, as well as the associated risk of inhalation during showering. By shedding light on the accumulation dynamics of heavy metals in shower hose biofilms and their potential emission patterns, this research highlights the need for further investigation into the impact of biofilms on water quality and human exposure to metal pollutants. The findings underscore the importance of considering biofilm-related processes when addressing the overall management of heavy metal contamination in shower systems and its potential implications for public health.
Shifting Gears or Splitting Hairs? Performance Criticism’s Object of Study
Authors: Eberhart Zechariah Preston
Published: August 2023

In keeping with the call of this Special Issue, this article is but one voice in the midst of a much broader conversation, attending to whether the differences between narrative and performance criticism are a matter of degree or kind. Narrative and biblical performance criticisms are natural bedfellows. The two appear genealogically related as they share similar founders, attend to similar features, and to a degree share similar interests with regard to interpretation. In fact, their interests appear to be so closely aligned at several points that attempts to distinguish between these two approaches run the risk of simply “splitting hairs”. Yet, our recognition of these distinctions is essential for highlighting the unique contribution of each approach. In what follows, I suggest that the differences between performance and narrative criticisms are rather (at least theoretically) a “shifting of gears”, a progression toward a more complex understanding of how biblical texts work in various contexts and how we as scholars may approach them as objects of study. While the object of study in narrative criticism is relatively well established (again, at least theoretically), this is not necessarily the case for performance criticism. In short, by way of contrast, I will suggest that for performance criticism, its object is similar to yet distinct from the object of study of narrative criticism. Such a claim is by no means groundbreaking, especially among the performance critics, nor should it necessarily be viewed as controversial. Rather, in exploring the contours of each approach, this contribution aims to provide additional theoretical credence to certain areas within this conversation. In doing so, this inadvertently has implications not only for our thinking in this particular volume, but also perhaps more broadly for biblical studies.
The Cattle Trading Network and Its Effect on the Spread of Brucellosis in Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Diego Leonardo , Marquetoux Nelly , Grisi Filho José Henrique de Hildebrand , Ferreira Neto José Soares
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed the cattle trade network in Paraná, Brazil, for the years 2018 and 2019 to identify potential movement patterns that could contribute to the spread of brucellosis among farms. The brucellosis statuses of 1757 farms were incorporated into the analysis. Network parameters of farms with a known brucellosis infection status were statistically compared between infected and non-infected farms using traditional techniques and the quadratic assignment procedure. A multilinear regression model (MLR) was used to consider known risk factors for brucellosis infection in conjunction with the network parameters. The cattle trade network in Paraná during the study period comprised 115,296 farms linked by 608,807 cattle shipments. The movement pattern was marked by a high concentration of movements to and from a small percentage of farms. The existence of such highly connected farms could facilitate the transmission of communicable diseases via the cattle trade in Paraná. The trading communities in Paraná exhibited a spatial pattern, with proximate farms more likely to engage in trade. Brucellosis-infected farms traded more frequently than non-infected farms (odds ratio [OR] 3.61), supplied cattle to other farms more often than the regional average (OR 2.12), and received more cattle (OR 2.78). The in-degree and out-degree were associated with brucellosis infection on the farm. The mean shortest path between infected farms was significantly shorter than that between non-infected farms (4.14 versus 4.49, p = 0.004, OR 1.39). In the MLR, a higher out-degree was positively associated with infected farms after accounting for previously identified risk factors. This novel information offers insights into the factors driving the current endemic situation in the study area and can inform the development of targeted animal health policies.
Application of the Apriori Algorithm for Traffic Crash Analysis in Thailand
Authors: Mohamad Ittirit , Kasemsri Rattanaporn , Ratanavaraha Vatanavongs , Jomnonkwao Sajjakaj
Published: August 2023

Accidents pose significant obstacles to economic progress and quality of life, especially in developing countries. Thailand faces such challenges and this research seeks to assess the frequency and most common causes of road accidents that lead to fatalities. This study employed the Apriori algorithm to examine the interrelationships among factors contributing to accidents in order to inform policymaking for reducing accident rates, minimizing economic and human losses, and enhancing the effectiveness of the healthcare system. By analyzing road accident data from 2015 to 2020 in Thailand (167,820 accidents causing THB 1.13 billion in damages), this article specifically focuses on the drivers responsible for fatal highway accidents. The findings reveal several interconnected variables that heighten the likelihood of fatalities, such as male gender, exceeding speed limits, riding a motorbike, traveling on straight roads, encountering dry surface conditions, and clear weather. An association rule analysis underscores the increased risk of injury or death in traffic accidents.
Investigation on the Quality of Commercially Available GABA Tea in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Mu-Chen , Liu Shih-Lun , Liou Bo-Kang , Chen Chun-Yeh , Chen Yuh-Shuen
Published: August 2023

This study collected 220 commercially available samples of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) tea produced in Taiwan from 2016 to 2021. The 220 tea samples were categorized into five types of GABA tea, including 108 GABA Oolong tea, 71 GABA Black tea, 21 GABA Paochong tea, 12 GABA Green tea, and 8 GABA Puerh tea samples. The most common type of GABA tea in Taiwan is GABA Oolong tea, followed by GABA Black tea. The physico-chemical constituents and consumer acceptance of the GABA tea samples were analyzed. The GABA content varied among the different types of GABA tea: GABA Oolong tea ranged from 128–286 mg/100 g, GABA Black tea ranged from 182–360 mg/100 g, GABA Paochong tea ranged from 98–203 mg/100 g, GABA Green tea ranged from 56–174 mg/100 g, and GABA Puerh tea ranged from 142–191 mg/100 g. In terms of the commercial standard of GABA tea, 22 out of the 220 GABA tea samples failed to meet the commercial standard, with a failure rate of 10%. During the fermentation process of GABA tea, the contents of GABA increased significantly, but the total polyphenol and total catechin contents remained stable. In terms of consumer acceptance, GABA Black tea is the most accepted by consumers, followed by GABA Puerh tea, GABA Paochong, and GABA Oolong tea. The sour flavor in GABA tea is similar to the original sour sensory properties found in black tea. It is assumed that this is the main reason GABA Black tea has the highest acceptance.
Surprising Effects of Rocking Motion on Leishmania tarentolae Behavior in Culture and Implications for Cell Stress
Authors: Ferrence Linda M. , Gajula Akshata , Jones Marjorie A.
Published: August 2023

Leishmania are an understudied genus of parasitic protozoans causing significant health problems for people, particularly in tropical climates. To better understand the growth of Leishmania and potential drug sensitivity implications, the effects of motion on cells grown in vitro were probed. Using a stock Leishmania tarentolae cell culture, cells were placed in 10 mL of a Brain–Heart Infusion medium in either a non-moving (static) environment or on a flat platform of one of two lab rockers (set at a minimal speed) in a dark environment for 13 days. Also, the addition of 0.5 M of L-Proline was evaluated. Microscopy, cell clumping, cell viability, and secreted acid phosphatase (SAP) activity data were collected. Results show that a constant slow rocking motion changed cell growth, clumping behavior, and detectable SAP activity relative to the no-motion cultures, but this change was dependent on which rocker was used, indicating a complexity in the growth of these cells in culture. Thus, continuous motion affects the stresses placed on the cells during a growth curve under some conditions. The implications of this study lead to questions about the effects of motion on the efficacy of pharmaceutical testing in vitro. Further study of the effects of motion on Leishmania is important.
Extremely Rare Pathologies of the Craniovertebral Junction Region: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Maiorano Eugenia , Spena Giannantonio , Sovardi Fabio , Dehgani-Mobaraki Puya , Pagella Fabio , Montalbetti Andrea , Peppucci Elisabetta , Grasso Christian , Zoia Cesare
Published: August 2023

Background: The craniovertebral junction is a complex region, connecting the occiput, the atlas, the axis, and the containing vital neural and vascular structures. There is a great variability in diseases involving the craniovertebral junction, of different nature, each rare in frequency. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of the patients diagnosed with extremely rare pathologies of the craniovertebral junction that we have operated in the last 5 years. Results: After excluding the relatively more frequent pathologies, we identified nine cases of rare craniovertebral junction pathologies. Six were operated using an endoscopic endonasal approach, two using a far lateral transcranial approach, and one underwent a C1 hemilaminectomy. Conclusions: Diagnosis and management of the rare pathologies of the craniovertebral junction are challenging. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for the proper management of these patients.
The Three Dimensions of Small Accommodation Businesses and Their Efficiency
Authors: Dimitriadou Eleni , Kouriati Asimina , Karampela Sofia , Tafidou Anna , Bournaris Thomas
Published: August 2023

Measuring efficiency and determining factors that may influence it are very important steps to improve the businesses’ competitive position, growth, and sustainability. This paper aims to investigate the efficiency of small accommodation businesses located in Greek non-coastal areas and to determine a set of factors that may affect it, from the perspective of the three dimensions of family businesses (family, business, ownership). The method adopted, in order for the research objective aim to be fulfilled, is the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis model. In the first stage, the efficiency was estimated from a sample of 150 businesses. In the second stage, the influence of various factors on the examined efficiency was investigated by implementing a Bootstrap Truncated regression. The results showed that the majority of the examined businesses presented a low level of efficiency. Regarding the determination of the factors, it occurred that the manager’s age, ownership form, and business type influenced the relative efficiency level in contrast to the factors of the business’s age, the manager’s sex and education level, the state of succession, as well as the manager’s agricultural employment. By fulfilling the aim of this study, a significant contribution to the relative literature and especially to the hospitality field is offered.
Carrollian Conformal Fields and Flat Holography
Authors: Nguyen Kevin , West Peter
Published: August 2023

The null conformal boundary I of Minkowski spacetime M plays a special role in scattering theory, as it is the locus where massless particle states are most naturally defined. We construct quantum fields on I, which create these massless states from the vacuum and transform covariantly under Poincaré symmetries. Because the latter symmetries act as Carrollian conformal isometries of I, these quantum fields are Carrollian conformal fields. This group theoretic construction is intrinsic to I by contrast to existing treatments in the literature. However, we also show that the standard relativistic massless quantum fields in M, when pulled back to I, provide a realisation of these Carrollian conformal fields. This correspondence between bulk and boundary fields should constitute a basic entry in the dictionary of flat holography. Finally, we show that I provides a natural parametrisation of the massless particles as described by irreducible representations of the Poincaré group and that in an appropriate conjugate basis, they indeed transform like Carrollian conformal fields.
Negative Influence of Aging on Differentiation and Proliferation of CD8+ T-Cells in Dogs
Authors: Yamauchi Akinori , Yoshimoto Sho , Kudo Ayano , Takagi Satoshi
Published: August 2023

Immunosenescence is an age-related change in the immune system characterized by a reduction in naïve T-cells and an impaired proliferative capacity of CD8+ T-cells in older individuals. Recent research revealed the crucial impact of immunosenescence on the development and control of cancer, and aging is one of the causes that diminish the therapeutic efficacy of cancer immunotherapies targeting CD8+ T-cell activation. Despite dog cancer being defined as an age-related disease, there are few fundamental understandings regarding the relationship between aging and the canine immune system. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of immunosenescence in dogs and analyzed the effects of aging on the differentiation status and proliferation of canine CD8+ T cells using T-cell specific stimulation with anti-canine CD3/CD28 antibody-coated beads and interleukin-2. As a result, we found that older dogs have a lower proliferative capacity of CD8+ T-cells and a reduction in the naïve subset in their peripheral blood. Further analysis showed that older dogs had attenuated proliferation of the effector and central memory subsets. These results indicate the importance of maintaining less differentiated subsets to expand CD8+ T-cells in dogs and provide helpful insight into the development of dog immune therapies that require T-cell expansion ex vivo.
2019 İhtiyaç Odaklı Kur'an Kursları Öğretim Programının Öğrenci Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YAZICI Zeynep , MEYDAN Hasan
Published: August 2023

Eğitim kurumlarında uygulamaya konulan programlar belli bir süre sonra eskir ve ihtiyaçlara cevap veremez hale gelir. Bunun için söz konusu programların gözden geçirilmesi, eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla incelenmesi, öğrenci görüşlerine yer verilmesi ile daha etkin ve verimli öğretim programlarının hazırlanmasına katkıda bulunulması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; 2019 İhtiyaç Odaklı Öğretim Programının “amaç, içerik, öğrenme- öğretme süreci, ölçme ve değerlendirme” açısından öğrenciler gözüyle incelenmesidir. Çalışmada veri toplama sürecinde yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amaçlarına yönelik verilerin toplanabilmesi için açık uçlu soruların yer aldığı bir görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Öğrencilerin verdiği cevaplar “amaçla ilgili, içerikle ilgili, öğrenme- öğretme süreciyle ilgili, ölçme ve değerlendirme ile ilgili ve genel” olmak üzere beş ayrı başlıkta toplanmış, bu cevaplar on beş temaya ayrılarak, frekans değerleriyle aktarılmıştır. Verilerin yorumlanmasında içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ihtiyaç odaklı öğretim programında öğrencilerin görüşleri doğrultusunda güncellemeye ihtiyaç olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
DAIRY CATTLE HUSBANDRY: PROBLEMS OF INCREASING ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY BASED ON FEEDING OPTIMIZATION
Authors: ТЕРЕБОВА С.В. , ГУСАРОВ И.В. , ОБРЯЕВА О.Д.
Published: August 2023

Разработан и применен комплексный подход к повышению экономической эффективности производства молока через контроль систем кормления путем отбора и анализа кормов, оценки биохимического статуса животного и корректировки рационов. Изложены биологические аспекты, влияющие на экономическую эффективность молочной отрасли. Неполноценное кормление и несбалансированность рационов, низкое качество кормов являются основными причинами нарушений обмена веществ, что приводит к падению продуктивности коров и, как следствие, к снижению результативности сельскохозяйственного предприятия. Внедрение контроля нормированного кормления высокопродуктивных коров с учетом биохимического статуса позволит обеспечить высокий уровень их продуктивности и здоровье. Выполнение комплекса мероприятий по совершенствованию систем кормления с учетом вышеизложенных направлений обеспечит повышение эффективности использования кормов за счет более точной оценки потребностей организма крупного рогатого скота в биологически активных веществах и увеличит продуктивность молочных коров на 15—20%.

An integrated approach to improving the economic efficiency of milk production through control of feeding systems by selecting and analyzing feeds, assessing the biochemical status of the animal and adjusting rations was developed and applied. The biological aspects affecting the economic efficiency of the dairy industry are outlined. Incomplete feeding and unbalanced rations, low quality of fodder are the main causes of metabolic disorders, which leads to a cow productivity decline and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the effectiveness of the agricultural enterprise. Implementation of normalized feeding control of high-yielding cows taking into account biochemical status will allow us to ensure a high level of their productivity and health. Implementation of a set of measures for improving feeding systems taking into account the above-mentioned directions will provide an increase in the efficiency of feed use due to a more accurate assessment of the cattle organism’s needs in biologically active substances and will increase the productivity of dairy cows by 15—20%.
Vivencias y expectativas de la mujer rural frente al parto institucional
Authors: Guerrero Suárez Cristina Jacqueline , Becerra Goicochea Lorena Judith
Published: August 2023

El parto institucional es un proceso complejo, sobre todo desde la experiencia vivida de las madres de la zona rural de Perú. Objetivo. Develar las vivencias y expectativas de la mujer rural en el parto institucional en un hospital de Cajamarca. Metodología. Estudio con enfoque cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico. Se aplicó como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista a profundidad, como instrumento se usó una guía de preguntas orientadoras relacionada con ¿cuáles son las vivencias y expectativas de la mujer rural frente al parto institucional en el Hospital Regional Docente de Cajamarca?, la cual ha permitido acercarse al fenómeno en estudio. Hallazgos. Se obtuvieron 5 discursos de puérperas que se atendieron el parto en este nosocomio, al momento de la recolección de datos. Los discursos fueron grabados y transcritos, procediendo a la elaboración de las unidades de significado con el respectivo análisis ideográfico y nomotético, dando origen a 52 unidades de significado, sintetizadas en 4 categorías, siendo: significado del parto para la mujer rural, necesidad de apoyo emocional y físico; el proceso del parto institucional y finalmente el nacimiento del bebé. A manera de cierre. Las vivencias y expectativas de las mujeres procedentes de la zona rural, revelan que se requiere un enfoque diferenciado en la atención de parto institucional.
De la forêt exploitée à la forêt protégée et urbanisée. Quelques réflexions sur le bois et la ville
Authors: Roche Daniel
Published: August 2023

Le large éventail des disciplines représentées et des périodes envisagées par les intervenants a permis au colloque qui s'est tenu à St Cloud en novembre 1988 d'étudier sur un millénaire les rapports entre le bois et la ville et d'en esquisser à la fois les constantes, les évolutions et les ruptures.

Il a mis en évidence les traits majeurs de ce qui fut une civilisation du bois, à la ville autant que dans les campagnes. La vie citadine ancienne ne peut en effet se passer du bois : pour la construction des maisons, pour le chauffage domestique et la cuisine, pour une multitude de métiers artisanaux et de commerces.

La constante croissance urbaine et l'essor des activités également exigeantes de la proto-industrialisation (forges, verreries...) posent avec de plus en plus d'acuité, à partir du XVIIIe siècle surtout, le problème de l'approvisionnement en bois des villes.

Pour y faire face, les autorités municipales et provinciales d' Ancien Régime s'efforcent d'améliorer les voies de ravitaillement (essentiellement le flottage sur cours d'eau ou canaux) ou d'obtenir le monopole de la production d'une zone forestière plus ou moins proche et, d'une façon générale, de contrôler le marché pour répondre, si possible, aux besoins et aux intérêts économiques en présence tout en freinant la hausse des prix du bois.

Durant les siècles médiévaux et modernes, le rapport entre la ville et la forêt est donc essentiellement utilitaire mais il est marqué aussi d'une charge symbolique ambivalente : le bois est un organisme vivant, valorisé encore par les références chrétiennes, mais la forêt est le refuge de forces maléfiques. Elle n'est donc pas considérée comme un espace de loisir pour les citadins, sinon sous forme de la chasse seigneuriale et royale.

Les XIXe et XXe siècles voient au contraire, avec la révolution industrielle, naître, se développer, et prévaloir même sur le souci traditionnel de l’exploitation économique, l’idée que la forêt est, par excellence, l'espace où les citadins peuvent venir passer régulièrement des loisirs régénérateurs et formateurs sur les plans physiologique, moral, esthétique, social : il faut donc à la fois l'aménager en conséquence et la protéger contre la prolifération urbaine et ses dangers, voire même restaurer la nature sylvicole originelle.

Ainsi, au terme d'un parcours millénaire, l'on assiste à l'inversion totale du rapport entre la forêt et la ville.
Les forêts péri-urbaines de Strasbourg ou la reconstruction d’un décor naturel (1851-1988)
Authors: Bloch Anny
Published: August 2023

Les travaux de régularisation du Rhin dans les années 1880 ont permis aux forêts péri-urbaines rhénanes l'aménagement esthétique et le développement de l'exploitation forestière. La ville de Strasbourg, alimentée jusqu'alors en bois par ses propriétés vosgiennes du Hohwald et de l'Oedenwald nous servira de cadre de référence. Nous observons que ces forêts rhénanes, une fois aménagées, verront doubler leur rendement (1919-1933).

Cependant, les amputations successives des forêts péri-urbaines dues au développement du port pétrolier de Strasbourg, ainsi que la pression urbaine, contraindront à modifier progressivement leur utilisation. A partir des années 1970, le contrôle des flux urbains se met en place sous forme d'aménagement touristique. Une nouvelle sylviculture s'élabore. L'espace forestier péri-urbain devient lieu de promenade et de pratique sportive, puis se transforme en conservatoire naturel, d'où les chasseurs sont exclus. Les gardes forestiers municipaux et non plus domaniaux seraient alors garants de la bonne santé et de la reconstruction de l'espace naturel.

La forêt péri-urbaine perd sa fonction productive pour se transformer en décor sauvage de la ville, lieu de réserve naturelle et d'observation scientifique. Les forêts vosgiennes deviennent l'enjeu de Complexes Papetiers Internationaux à dominante scandinave.
Strasbourg dans la transformation de la forêt vosgienne en espace de loisirs
Authors: Richez Jean-Claude
Published: August 2023

Zischen 1840 und 1940 trägt die Stadt zum Erscheinen neuer Beziehungen zum Wald bei. Sie konkretisieren sich in der Verwandlung des Walds in einen Erholungsraum. Dieser Geschichte widmen wir uns am Beispiel der Stadt Straßburg und der Vogesenwälder. Der Bruch vollzieht sich im Zweiten Kaiserreich. Zuvor war der Wald nur als Quelle für Energie und Baumaterial, als Investitionsobjekt oder als Domäne der Pilzsammler betrachtet worden.

Am Ende des 18. und Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts trägt das städtische Bürgertum, das sich ein gewisses aristokratisches Erbe aneignet, dazu bei, den Bezug zum Wald unter dem Eindruck der Romantik durch die Einrichung von großen privaten Parks und durch naturkundliche Exkursionen zu verändern. Dieses neue Verständnis verbreitet sich im Zweiten Kaiserreich als Folge einer neuen Wahrnehmung der Stadt, eines gewandelten Verhältnisses zum Körper und der Umwälzung in Zeit und Raum, die die Einrichtung des Eisenbahnnetzes mit sich brachte. Diese Revolution hat eine Reorganisation und eine Neubestimmung des Waldes als Erholungsraum zur Folge.
Religion et politique chez Spinoza
Authors: Giancotti Emilia
Published: August 2023

Les rapports entre religion et politique sont abordés dans le Traité théologico-politique, où l'analyse s'appuie sur la lecture de l'Écriture Sainte à la lumière d'une nouvelle herméneutique, mais aussi dans l'Ethique, le Traité politique et la correspondance. Spinoza distingue entre vraie et fausse religion ; il rapporte la fausse religion à la connaissance inadéquate, elle-même comprise dans le cadre d’une conception affirmative de la puissance raisonnable de l'homme ; il considère la solution du problème religieux comme nécessaire à la solution des problèmes politiques. Lorsqu'il s’agit de définir la vraie religion, Spinoza en conçoit en fait deux variantes : la religion du philosophe qui comprend Dieu et qui est exposée dans l'Ethique ; la religion du fidèle qui apprend dans les textes sacrés la croyance au Dieu personnel, sans les détériorations dues à la superstition. Ces deux variantes reposent sur une idée différente de Dieu, mais leurs effets pratiques sont semblables : les vertus sociales résumées par la justice et la charité.
Leibniz. Vérités de raison et vérités de fait
Authors: Philonenko Alexis
Published: August 2023

En esta disertación pretendemos elucidar las diferentes relaciones comprendidas por Leibniz bajo la distinción y la relación entre las verdades de hecho y las racionales. Podemos ver hasta qué punto se aleja de Spinoza y de Descartes y, al tiempo que profesa un idealismo basado en el análisis, se aproxima a Kant.
Σπονδαιότεροs
Authors: Douailler Stéphane
Published: August 2023

El hecho de que la tragedia Carlos IX de Chénier se dé en un momento de urgencia revolucionaria, lleva a interrogarse de nuevo sobre el modo en que se reparten escena y acontecimientos. Éstos jamás se hallan entre la realidad y su ficción : al prolongar lo real en verosímil, al borrar las fronteras entre ambos, la escena da, de la realidad a la historia, su dimensión probable. ¿ Qué hacer, entonces, con ese ejemplar de humanidad improbable llamado Mirabeau ? A su favor, la tradición quiso convencernos de que aquello que hubiera podido decir, lo dijo. Quien tiene la nariz torcida, bien puede torcer la verdad.
Lecture de parole selon Plotin
Authors: Laurent Jérôme
Published: August 2023

According to Plotinus, human speech comes from physical impediment. It divides our thought and reveals it only by means of corporeal contingence. Knowing this the author of the Enneads uses words with extreme caution as if going beyond their imperfection. In this way procedures of approximation, quotations from poets, etymologies, chiasmata and oxymorons are so many sites in which Plotinus's text attempts to better correspond to what he is talking about - and indeed succeeds in so doing.
L'Ingenium selon Descartes et le chiffre universel des règles pour la direction de l’esprit
Authors: Fichant Michel
Published: August 2023

Ausgehend von der strengen Definition des gegebenen Ingeniums in der Regel XII schlagen wir vor, die symbolische Funktion der Vorstellung zu untersuchen, so wie Descartes sie aufstellt, indem er eine Zahl ins Werk setzt, deren überdeutlichen Elemente, elementaren Figuren und algebraischen Schreibweisen den Ruf haben, die gesamte Fragestellung auszudrücken, wenn sie in die Erkenntnis des Menschen rückt, und sobald diese auf eine Proportion und eine Gleichung reduziert ist. Das spätere Auseinanderstreben der Geometrie und der Cartesianischen Physik macht die Bemühung um die Mathesis universalis unmöglich ; in diesem Sinn hat sich die Wissenschaft, deren Regulae ad directionem ingenii das Ziel andeuten, nirgendwo im reifen Werk realisiert.
Intentionnalité et métaphysique de la durée
Authors: Flajoliet Alain
Published: August 2023

La promotion au sein du mouvement phénoménologique, du thème de la temporalisation originaire — de Husserl à Heidegger, en passant par Sartre et Merleau-Ponty — conduit à s’interroger sur les rapports que l'initiateur de ce courant de pensée à entretenu avec le bergsonisme. Au delà de certaines convergences superficielles, reconnues par Husserl lui-même, l'analyse méthodique des premières œuvres, tant au niveau de leurs visées respectives que de leurs démarches et des champs qu'elles explorent, amène à reconnaître l'abîme de sens séparant l'ontologie bergsonienne de la durée pure, des Leçons husserliennes de 1904-1905 sur la conscience intime du temps. Le chemin est alors ouvert pour une confrontation — ici seulement esquissée — qui, prenant en compte l'évolution ultérieure des deux penseurs, confirme l'hétérogénéité de leurs projets philosophiques.
Le loup-garou en Galice
Authors: Orobitg-Laval Christine
Published: August 2023

Die sagenhaften Geschichten der Werwölfe in Galizien, welche die Untersuchung verzeichnet, weisen eine Reihe von wiederkehrenden Elementen symbolischen Ausmaßes auf : eine bedeutungsvolle Raumzeitlichkeit, rituelle Gesichtspunkte, das Thema des elterlichen Fluches und einen symbolischen Blutkreislauf. Diese Geschichten können in zwei Haupttypen eingeteilt werden, je nachdem, ob sie von einer Überschreitung und Bestrafung oder von einer Einweihung erzählen, welche eine Wiedereingliederung der Gruppe in neuer Form zum Ziel hat.
New Combinations and Lectotypifications in Rubiaceae for the Flora of Tropical East Africa
Authors: Gereau Roy E. , Luke W. R. Quentin , Beentje Henk J. , Alvarez Maria
Published: August 2023

Three new combinations at subspecific rank are provided here for taxa of conservation interest in Tropical East Africa: Bullockia setiflora (Hiern) Razafim., Lantz & B. Bremer subsp. telidosma (K. Schum.) Gereau, Vangueria schumanniana (Robyns) Lantz subsp. mucronulata (Robyns) Lantz ex Gereau (both Rubiaceae: Vanguerieae), and Dirichletia glaucescens Hiern subsp. angustifolia (Verdc.) Gereau (Rubiaceae: Knoxieae). Lectotypes are designated for Plectronia telidosma K. Schum. and Tapiphyllum schumannianum Robyns.
Study of COVID-19 Protective Behaviors Based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model PAPM in Women (Marivan, Iran)
Authors: Bahmani Afshin , Taymoori Parvaneh , Gharibi Fardin , Ahmadipour Narges
Published: August 2023

Background & Aims: people’s responsibility for protection behaviors against COVID-19 has a vital role in stopping chaining of transmission and, Adherence to preventive measures can be affected by psychosocial factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the survey of corona protection behaviors based on the precaution adoption process model (PAPM) in women referred to Marivan health centers in 2021, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive (cross-sectional) study, were carried out between 380 women referring to health centers in Marivan in 2021. The samples were selected by the random cluster sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts of demographic information and the construct of PAPM. Results: Results showed that people in the fifth and sixth stages of the model obtained higher scores in the model construct and the second and fourth stages of the model received the lowest scores. Conclusion: Uniform education for the general public may not have the expected results for protective behaviors and prevention of diseases, so education should be based on step-by-step models of health education and variables affecting individual decisions.
Does Occupational Lead Exposure Affect the Relationship Between Neurobehavioral Characteristics and Productivity?
Authors: Salehi Mina , Zare Asma , Malakoutikhah Mahdi , Farahbakhsh Salman
Published: August 2023

Background & Aims: Lead (Pb) may cause cognitive impairments in both recent acute and chronic exposures. In this study, the effect of Pb exposure on the relationship between neurobehavioral characteristics and productivity was evaluated among battery manufacturing workers. Materials and Methods: In general, 179 production workers and 179 office workers participated in this cross-sectional study. Venous blood sampling was used to measure the level of Pb in the blood. Psychomotor performance and intellectual functioning were measured using the digit symbol substitution test and the Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised, respectively. Finally, productivity was assessed using a health and work performance questionnaire. Results: Exposed workers had a significantly higher level of Pb, while a lower level of intellectual functioning and psychomotor performance than non-exposed workers. The results of linear regression indicated that the increase in the blood level of Pb was accompanied by a significant decrease in the positive effects of intellectual functioning on productivity. However, exposure to Pb had no effect on the relationship between psychomotor performance and productivity. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to Pb affected the relationship between psycho-diagnostic performance and productivity and could induce neurobehavioral dysfunction in the exposed workers. For the early detection of cognitive impairment, the neurobehavioral assessment is recommended to be implemented in work assessments.
Evaluating the Conditions of Crisis Management of Industries and Problems of Health, Safety, and Environment Staff in Confronting Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Qualitative Study in Qom Province
Authors: Khandan Mohammad , Koohpaei Alireza , Ebrahimi Ali
Published: August 2023

Background & Aims: Crisis refers to events or situations that suddenly occur due to natural and human accidents and functions and impose difficulties and problems on a human collection. Crisis management enables an organization to eliminate some of the crises, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), manage some others efficiently, and acquire the required tools for rapid and thorough learning from the occurred crises. The present study aimed to evaluate the conditions of crisis management of industries and problems of health, safety, and environment (HSE) staff in confronting COVID-19 in Qom province. Materials and Methods: The present research is a qualitative study based on content analysis. The participants included 23 staff working at the HSE center of industries that entered the study through a random convenient method from various industries and organizations. Questions on evaluating the preparedness and response to crisis sections were designed and completed. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA V10 software. Results: The analysis of the data regarding investigated companies indicated that 21 companies (91.3%) were privately owned, and two companies (8.7%) were semi-private. Regarding the field of activity, the companies were also active in 9 groups. The mean number of staff in the investigated companies and the mean number of HSE staff were 154.48 and 1.48 people, respectively. The content analysis clarified that only in 11 investigated collections (47.83%) had the managers noticed it before identifying COVID-19. Providing disinfectants and personal protective equipment was the most critical problem in confronting COVID-19. Simplification of the disease and non-compliance with the instructions by staff were also placed in the next rank. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the conditions of preparedness and response to the COVID-19 crisis were not of the desired status in the investigated collections. Increasing the number of staff in the HSE center and applying the general principles of crisis management, especially planning and taking a lesson from past crises, can help increase the level of preparedness of organizations and industries for probable future crises.
Dust Storm Effect and Climatological Factors on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Respiratory Diseases: A Literature Review
Authors: Khammar Alireza , Nouri Mehdi , Saber Elham , Miri Ali , Vatani Javad , Maleki Roveshdi Mehran
Published: August 2023

Background & Aims: Dust storms, which are considered natural occurrences, have harmed the global population’s health as a result of the broad increase in climate change. The most serious consequences of these alterations are cardiovascular, pulmonary, and cerebrovascular diseases. This review study focused on the effect of dust storms and climatic factors on mortality and morbidity in worldwide and assessed the prediction of these diseases based on changes in each of the meteorological factors and dust storms. Materials and Methods: For data collection, English literature was searched using keywords "dust storm" and "respiratory disorders" or "cardiovascular disease" or "cerebrovascular disease" in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus as databases, along with Google Scholar as engine search. The first step was to use statistics on the number of instances of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases. The association between the occurrence of these diseases and variations in climatic factors underwent assessment. Results: Adverse repercussions could be noticed when dust storms were paired with changes in metrological parameters. More local information about the link of these diseases with dust storms and changes in metrological variables in the nation, as well as their capacity to anticipate them, is needed to prevent and reduce the health risk of these diseases. Conclusion: In areas prone to dust storms, the population will be prone to its effects and consequences. Thus, preventive measures are beneficial at the community level.