bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing national care guidelines in local authorities in England and Wales: A Theory-of-Change
Authors: Bauer Annette , Boaz Annette , Hoomans Ties , Jasim Sarah , Knapp Martin , Mayorga-Camus Joaquin , Malley Juliette , Breuer Erica
Published: October 2024

Background
The delivery of high-quality services in chronically underfunded social or long-term care systems is a major challenge internationally. National guidelines, developed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, set out how local authorities in England and Wales should fund and provide care based on best available evidence. Theoretical and participatory approaches can usefully inform the design and evaluation of implementation strategies for guidelines. The aim of the study is to develop a Theory-of-Change for how the implementation of social care guidelines is expected to lead to impacts from a local authority perspective.
Methods
As part of a comparative case study (The ‘Valuing Care Guidelines’ study; Feb 2022 to April 2024) with three local authority sites in England and Wales, we involved altogether 17 participants in two Theory-of-Change online workshops per site of about 2 hours each. Additional data gathered from the same participants as part of the overall study were used to conceptualise and enrich the information from the workshops.
Results
Participants described the Theory-of-Change map as follows: A wide range of activities (categorised in stages of ‘pre-implementation’, ‘implementation’, ‘sustainment and scaling’) and skills were required to implement guidelines, and achieve long-term organisational sustainability and service delivery outcomes, leading to final impacts for service users and carers. They described a co-creation implementation model, led by Implementation Support Practitioners, who utilised relational skills to achieve motivation, trust, and confidence at different organisational levels, addressing contextual barriers such as inadequate staffing, lack of resources and of organisational support systems. A consistent use of guidelines by frontline staff could only be achieved if the value of guideline implementation was promoted widely, and the role of stakeholders, such as the inspection body, local health care providers, social care users and carer representatives was considered.
Conclusions
Our study is the first to investigate the implementation of national social care guidelines by local authorities in England and Wales. It generated insights that can guide implementation practice as well as inform the evaluation of future implementation strategies.
A qualitative process evaluation: Understanding the “Let’s talk about vaccines” approach’s complementary use of community-based participatory research and human- centered design in under two immunization programming
Authors: Shuro¹ Linda , Lawrence² Emily , de Man¹ Jeroen , Knight³ Lucia , Schneider¹ Helen , Tabana¹ Hanani
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Full coverage of childhood vaccines is a persistent challenge in low- and middle-income countries and there is an urgent need to catch up on children who have missed out on vaccines. This paper summarizes the findings of a process evaluation of the ‘Let’s talk about vaccines’ approach implemented by VillageReach using community-based participatory research (CBPR) to understand the barriers that caregivers and healthcare workers face to fully vaccinate children, and human-centered design (HCD) to codesign potential interventions in Mozambique and Malawi to improve under two immunization access and uptake.
Methods
A qualitative process evaluation guided by the REAIM framework. Interviews and self-administered surveys were conducted to explore insights and immediate feedback from caregivers, healthcare workers and stakeholders who were involved in the approach. The interviews were held with 77 individuals (46 in Mozambique and 31 in Malawi). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed via a combination of framework and thematic analysis. Immediate feedback on the HCD ideation and prototype workshops was obtained from 81 participants. The survey results were analysed in Excel.
Results
Key elements in the implementation of the approach in both countries demonstrated high fidelity to the CBPR and HCD principles. These included the establishment of collaborative study teams, the involvement of caregiver researchers, a mix of novel and traditional participatory methods, extensive mobilization and iterative processes, and activities aimed at creating an equal platform. Challenges were also noted, including adjusting to new methods and contextual realities. Factors influencing the potential adoption of the approach included locally developed solutions, participant involvement, collaborative initiatives, major advantages over alternatives, the potential ease of use of the co-created interventions, alignment with government objectives, and adaptability for system-wide integration in immunization programming. System-level challenges and funding were also identified as persisting barriers.
Conclusion
The findings from the ‘Let’s talk about vaccines’ approach highlight important elements offering practical strategies for how CBPR and HCD can potentially be replicated in similar contexts. These findings demonstrate that integrating CBPR and HCD into routine immunization programs has the potential to enhance community-responsive programming for vaccinating children under two in LMICs, leading to effective and sustained change.
The Multifocal Pathway: Trial of a multifocal intraocular lens selection pathway for use by trainee surgeons in an Australian Tertiary Referral Public Hospital
Authors: Sartor Lauren , FRANZCO Christopher Go , Kong Cheng F , FRANZCO Season Yeung , FRANZCO Andrew White , FRANZCO Chameen Samarawickrama
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To develop a selection pathway to facilitate the use of multifocal intraocular lenses (mfIOLs) in cataract surgery in a public hospital setting.
Setting:
Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Design:
A single-surgeon prospective cohort study
Methods
A mfIOL selection pathway was designed and assessed. Outcomes measured included unaided distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA) and near visual acuity (UNVA), dysphotopsia, spectacle dependence and satisfaction. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were assessed using Catquest-9SF (CQ) and Near Visual Acuity Questionnaire (NAVQ). A cost-analysis was performed.
Results
Fifty-four eyes from 27 patients underwent cataract surgery with mfIOL implantation. The monocular UDVA (mean ± standard deviation) was 0.05 ± 0.12 logMAR; UIVA 0.19 ± 0.05 logMAR; UNVA 0.28 ± 0.14 logMAR; 87% and 98% of eyes achieved within 0.5D and 1.0D of target refraction respectively. Spectacle independence was 85% at distance, 81% at intermediate, 59% at near vision. High satisfaction was reported with CQ (> 85%) and NAVQ (100%). The cost difference between bilateral monofocal and mfIOLs is comparable to a pair of spectacles. Projected annual cost to the health system for a 5%-10% eligibility rate is 1.1–2.3 million Australian dollars.
Conclusions
The selection pathway presented overcomes the challenges in patient selection inherent to a public hospital setting and was implemented by a senior trainee with excellent vision and PROMs. The pathway ensures the cost-effectiveness of mfOL implantation. There are several funding models that can be applied to support equitable access and improved visual outcomes with mfIOLs within the government funded health system.
An efficacy study was conducted on stamp skin grafting to promote the healing process of chronic wounds for patients from the Wound Care Clinic
Authors: He Huilin , Zhu Li , Chen Xiaohong , Jiang Qingli , Li Yeping , Jing Ke , He Fang , Yang Yuwei
Published: October 2024

The prevalence of chronic wounds is on the rise, and the healing process is prolonged due to multifactorial etiology. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of stamp skin-grafting in promoting wound healing for patients with chronic wounds from the Wound Care Clinic. This study enrolled 86 patients with chronic wounds from the Wound Care Clinic from November 2022 to December 2023, who were randomly allocated into the control (n = 44) and skin-grafting (n = 42) groups using a preset random number table. The control group received conventional wet dressing care, whereas the skin-grafting group underwent additional stamp skin-grafting care. The skin-grafting group demonstrated significantly reduced wound healing time, improved healing efficacy, decreased dressing change frequency, and lowered dressing change costs compared to the control group (all P < 0.05). During the nursing process, the skin-grafting group exhibited significantly lower pre-treatment NRS scores when the 4th and 5th dressing changes and during-treatment VRS scores when the 3rd to 5th dressing changes compared to the control group (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, wound area served as an independent risk factor for both healing time (rpartial=0.457, P = 0.004) and healing efficacy (Beta=-0.559, P = 0.003) in the skin-grafting group, whereas patient adherence served as an independent risk factor for both healing time (rpartial=0.333, P = 0.038) and healing efficacy (Beta = 1.194, P = 0.002) in the control group, as well as for healing efficacy (Beta = 1.318, P = 0.007) in the skin-grafting group. Stamp skin-grafting effectively promotes the rapid recovery of chronic wounds with reduced medical burden and patient pain. The effectiveness primarily depends on the wound area and patient adherence.
Patients’ Perceptions and Understanding of Pre-operative Informed Consent in a Tertiary Care Setting- Dar-es-salaam
Authors: Michael Steven , Kyejo Willbroad , Ismail Allyzain , Aghan Eric , Mbekenga Columba , Ali Athar
Published: October 2024

Background Informed consent, grounded in the ethical principle of autonomy, represents a patient's agreement to undergo a procedure. Given its critical role in protecting human rights and autonomy, obtaining informed consent before any surgery or procedure is now a mandatory practice. However, many studies question whether informed consent is conducted genuinely, ensuring proper understanding of the information disclosed, or merely serves as a medico-legal formality. This has led to increased malpractice, misunderstanding, anxiety, and overall postoperative dissatisfaction.Methods This descriptive qualitative study was conducted at Aga Khan Hospital using individual in-depth interviews. Fourteen patients who had undergone elective surgery were recruited. Baseline data were presented in tables, and inductive thematic analysis was used to interpret the qualitative data.Results Seven themes emerged from the data: Consent as a legal formality, autonomy and decision-making, insufficient information, time constraints and lack of opportunities for questions, use of medical jargon, patients’ desired information, and overall satisfaction with care. Despite patients’ higher levels of education and the hospital's patient-centered care approach, many felt the information provided was insufficient, superficial, and difficult to understand.Conclusion The study found a significant gap between the information patients desired and what was provided. Insufficient information, coupled with the use of medical jargon and time constraints, adversely affected the informed consent process. Enhancing clarity in communication and allowing adequate time for discussions could improve patient understanding and satisfaction.
Association Between Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity and Dyslipidemia in Elderly Women
Authors: Li Hezhi , Zhou Yiling , Ma Jianxin , Zhu Binghua , Liu Zhipeng , Zhang Jinping
Published: October 2024

Context:
This study investigates the relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and dyslipidemia in elderly Chinese women. Given the potential impact of thyroid hormones on lipid metabolism, understanding this relationship could improve dyslipidemia management in this population.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a retrospective case-control study involving 1,312 elderly women who underwent health examinations at the Health Examination Center of the 305 Hospital of the Chinese PLA. Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices, including Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), Thyroid-stimulating Hormone Index (TSHI), Thyrotroph Thyroxine Resistance Index (TT4RI), and Free Triiodothyronine/Free Thyroxine ratio (FT3/FT4), were assessed alongside dyslipidemia markers. Statistical analyses included logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models to evaluate the associations and dose-response relationships between these indices and dyslipidemia.
Results
The study found a U-shaped dose-response relationship between TFQI, TSHI, and TT4RI levels and dyslipidemia risk, indicating that both very high and very low levels of these indices were associated with increased risk. The FT3/FT4 ratio was positively correlated with dyslipidemia risk but lost significance when adjusting for additional confounders.
Conclusions
Elevated and reduced thyroid hormone sensitivity indices are associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia in elderly women, while moderate levels may be protective. These findings suggest that a comprehensive approach to thyroid function assessment, incorporating sensitivity indices, could enhance the management of dyslipidemia in older women. Further research is needed to confirm these results and explore the underlying mechanisms.
"Standardized" debridement and antibiotic cement implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Wang Shulin , Jia Chao , Hou Chunli , Shen Jie , Xie Zhao , Lin Wei , Wang Guanglin
Published: October 2024

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of "Standardized" debridement and antibiotic cement implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing.
Methods
Retrospective analysis the patients with lower extremities infection after intramedullary nailing admitted to our hospital between February 2013 and April 2020. In the first stage, "standardized" debridement was performed and the defects(include medullary cavity) were filled with antibiotic loaded cement. In the second stage, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether the bone defects were reconstructed or not. The infection control rate and complications of the two groups were compared.
Results
A total of 69 patients were admitted in this study, there were 37 tibias and 32 femurs. The average follow-up time was 38.82 months. There were 6 patients in reconstructed group and 8 patients in non-reconstructed group recurrence of infection which need debridement again, the infection recurrencerate of reconstructed group was lower than that of non-reconstructed group, P = 0.038. Finally, the overall infection control rate was 97.1%, which was 100% in reconstructed group and 91.30% in non-reconstructed group, P = 0.108. The overall complication rate was 17.39%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusions
The efficacy of "Standardized" debridement and antibiotic cement implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing with good early results, but repeated debridement may be required to improve the infection control rate. The recurrence rate of infection was higher in patients who had not undergone bone defects reconstructed for a long time.
Challenges in diagnosing and managing massive pulmonary thromboembolism during pregnancy following in vitro fertilization: A case report
Authors: Hwang Ji-won
Published: October 2024

Background : In vitro fertilization (IVF) significantly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), particularly pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), due to elevated estrogen levels during ovarian stimulation. Diagnosing PTE in pregnancy is challenging, making early detection and management essential to prevent severe maternal complications.
Case presentation : This case report describes a 32-year-old woman, 9 weeks pregnant with twins, who presented with sudden dizziness and syncope. She had a history of four IVF procedures. Initial vital signs included tachycardia and normal blood pressure; however, she later developed severe hypotension and shock. Chest computed tomography confirmed the PTE, which was suggested on electrocardiogram and echocardiography. The performance of urgent thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator stabilized her condition but resulted in the loss of the twin gestational sacs. The patient was administered rivaroxaban and LMWH after being diagnosed with estrogen-associated PTE and mild anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome and successfully achieved a healthy pregnancy and delivery after further IVF attempts and prophylactic LMWH treatment.
Conclusions : This case highlights the importance of rapid diagnosis and intervention for PTE during pregnancy and the need for tailored anticoagulation strategies to ensure maternal and fetal safety. Despite the tragic loss of the twin gestational sacs, appropriate anticoagulation therapy enabled the patient to achieve a successful pregnancy and healthy delivery in subsequent IVF attempts.
The protective effect and mechanism of Tibetan medicine Aconitum tanguticum(Maxim.) Stapf on acute lung injury
Authors: Meng Xiang , Liu YuPeng , Dai JiaWei , Hu Xin , Bai Yuan , Azhar Muhammad , Huang Xianju
Published: October 2024

Ethnopharmacological relevance
Aconitum tanguticum(Maxim.) Stapf (ATS) is a rare Tibetan medicine belonging to the genus Ranunculaceae. This herb is mainly distributed in the high altitude’s areas of Qinghai, Gansu and Tibet province in China. In Tibetan medicine, ATS is mainly used for lung inflammation disease, hepatitis, gastrointestinal diseases, influenza, fever caused by infectious diseases, food poisoning, snake and scorpion bite and yellow water disease. ATS contains anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and other pharmacological effects, according to recent investigations. Commonly utilized in the manufacture of Tibetan medicine is ATS. It is well-liked by individuals of many ethnic groups and has been utilized in Tibetan medicine for thousands of years.
Aim of the Study
This work seeks to examine the preventive effects of ATS, an alcoholic extract of the Tibetan medicinal Aconitum tanguticum (Maxim.) Stapf, on acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and to identify its possible mechanism.
Materials and methods
Alveolar epithelial cells A549 and mice were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish ALI models in vivo and in vitro, and to explore the pharmacological effect and therapeutic mechanism of ATS.
Results
ATS down-regulates the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors NFκB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, inhibits the release of ROS and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process caused by sustained cell injury; promotes Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, reduced the degree of oxidative stress in vivo and the production of proteins linked to ferroptosis that are produced by LPS.
Conclusion
The Tibetan medicine ATS can reduce pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema in ALI mice, alleviate the degree of lung tissue lesions, inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and inhibit cell apoptosis, play a protective role in ALI, and can be used as an effective drug for the design of ALI.
Optimization of Tepi town landfill siting using geospatial technologies and Analytical hierarchy process (AHP).
Authors: Bedasa Gemeda , Gudina Shibiru , Kassahun Sinke
Published: October 2024

Solid wastes are items from homes, businesses, supermarkets, building sites, and municipalities that are neither liquid nor gaseous. Urban administrators play a pivotal role in managing solid waste to prevent environmental and health hazards. Effective waste management is essential to avoid contamination, soil degradation, and greenhouse gas emissions, which can harm human health and urban infrastructure. Implementing robust waste management systems is crucial to protecting the environment, public health, and the economic vitality of urban areas. Geospatial analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are important in selecting suitable landfill sites. In this study, geospatial multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were utilized to select a suitable landfill site within Tepi town. Using ArcGIS software version 10.8, nine suitability modeling methodologies: distance from the river, distance from urban areas, slope, distance from wells, wind direction, elevation, distance from lineament, distance from road, and distance from water pipeline were applied to generate a waste disposal suitability map. The weights of the variables and sub-themes were calculated using AHP and GIS techniques to produce the final suitability map. The study revealed that 1.958% of the area is very highly suitable, 9.60% is suitable, 50.218% is moderately suitable, 38.225% is less suitable, and the remainder is unsuitable for waste disposal. The most suitable areas are located in the northwest, meeting all criteria, while central regions near urban centers are deemed unsuitable for landfill sites due to their potential impacts on the urban environment.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extract and fractions from Helichrysum faradifani Scott- Elliot (Asteraceae)
Authors: RANDRIATSALAMA Angelo , RANAIVOARISOA Rianatiana , RANDRIAMIALINORO Faliarivony , RAKOTONANDRASANA Stephan Richard , RAKOTOARISOA Falitiana Marrino , RASOARIVELO Tiana Sylvia RALAMBONIRINA , RASOANAIVO Herilala Léa RANAIVOARISOA , RAZAFINTSALAMA Vahinalahaja Eliane
Published: October 2024

Background Helichrysum Faradifani Scott-Elliot (Asteraceae), an indigenous endemic plant from Madagascar, is widely used in Malagasy traditional medicine. Crushed juice from leaves is used as a disinfectant to heal wounds, boils, and urinary infections. The aim of the research was to evaluate its antioxidant activity, quantify total flavonoid content, and identify the plant's antibacterial properties.
Methods Study plants were collected, shade dried, pulverized.The aqueous extract obtained by decoction was partitioned using liquid-liquid to produce hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. Phytochemical screening was carried out, followed by flavonoid content, antioxidant and, antibacterial tests. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard test methods.The total flavonoid content of the aqueous extract was determined by UV spectrophotometry using the method of colorimetry with 2% aluminum trichloride Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay.Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using 96-well microplates and microdilution in nutrient broth. Results were analyzed by ANOVA using Tukey's test.
Results Biological tests demonstrated antioxidant activity of aqueous extract with 50% inhibitory concentrations of free radicals at 26.3 ± 1.0, 24.7 ± 2.6, 17.8 ± 1.3, and 9.5 ± 0.1 µg/ml, respectively, and a flavonoid content of 286.6 ± 9.4 μg EQ/mg in the aqueous fraction, which is the most commonly used in popular medicine. Furthermore, the aqueous, hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions showed antibacterial efficacy against four bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations varied from 31.25 to 1000 µg/mL.The minimum bactericidal concentrations were 250 to 500 µg/mL.
Conclusion These findings show an important quantity of phenolic compounds in an aqueous extract of the aerial part of Helichrysum faradifani. It shows the potential antioxidant and antibacterial effects of Helichrysum faradifani extracts. This highlights the potential interest in exploiting the advantages of this plant in phytomedicine, and its activities have demonstrated its importance in folk medicine.
DAA:Dynamic attention allocation improves large-scale model reasoning
Authors: Yang Yong , Yang TingTing , Gao shaoshuai , Ning jiahong , Kong lingzheng
Published: October 2024

The Transformer architecture has signifi- cantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) and has been foundational in devel- oping large language models (LLMs) such as LLaMA and ChatGPT. Despite their supe- rior accuracy, LLMs present unique challenges in practical inference, concerning the compute and memory-intensive nature. Multi-Head At- tention is one of the key components of LLMs, which can account for over 50% of LLMs mem- ory and compute requirement.We observe that there is a high degree of redundancy among heads about which tokens they pay attention to in different sequences. Based on this find- ing, we propose Dynamic Head Attention Al- location (DAA). DAA combines two-stage at- tention heads with a high amount of correla- tion for self-attention within chunks and lay- ers, which combines both local and global at- tention, thus reducing both memory and com- pute.
Optimized Chelator and Nanoparticle Strategies for High-Activity 103Pd-Loaded Biodegradable Brachytherapy Seeds
Authors: Sporer Emanuel , Deville Claire , Straathof Natan J.W. , Bruun Linda M. , Köster Ulli , Jensen Mikael , Andresen Thomas L. , Kempen Paul J. , Henriksen Jonas R. , Jensen Andreas I.
Published: October 2024

Background.
Brachytherapy (BT) is routinely used in the treatment of various cancers. Current BT relies on the placement of large sources of radioactivity at the tumor site, requiring applicators that may cause local traumas and lesions. Further, they suffer from inflexibility in where they can be placed and some sources reside permanently in the body, causing potential long-term discomfort. These issues can be circumvented through injectable sources, prepared as biodegradable materials containing radionuclides that form solid seeds after administration. The level of radioactivity contained in such seeds must be sufficient to achieve substantial local irradiation. In this report, we investigate two different strategies for biodegradable BT seeds
Results.
The first strategy entails injectable seeds based on 103Pd-labeled palladium-gold alloy nanoparticles ([103Pd]PdAuNPs). These were prepared by combining [103Pd]PdH2Cl4 and AuHCl4, followed by lipophilic surface coating and dispersed in lactose octaisobutyrate and ethanol (LOIB:EtOH), in overall radiochemical yield (RCY) of 83%. With the second strategy, [103Pd]Pd-SSIB was prepared by conjugating the [16]aneS4 chelator with lipophilic sucrose septaisobutyrate (SSIB) followed by complexation with [103Pd]PdH2Cl4 (RCY = 99%) and mixed with LOIB:EtOH. [103Pd]Pd-SSIB was likewise formulated as injectable seeds by mixing with LOIB. Both formulations reached activities of 1.0-1.5 GBq/mL and negligible release of radioactivity after injection of 100 µL (100–150 MBq) into aqueous buffer or mouse serum of less than 1% over one month.
Conclusion.
Both strategies for forming injectable BT seeds containing high 103Pd activity resulted in high radiolabeling yields, high activity per seed, and high activity retention. We consider both strategies suitable for BT, with the preferable strategy using a [16]aneS4 chelator due to its higher biodegradability.
Analyzing The Occupational Exposure Risks of Dental Healthcare Workers from The Perspective of Repeated Occupational Exposure
Authors: Xu Jia , Pan Peiyue , Song Fuyu , Gu Yun , Xiong Qiao , Liu Zhiqing , Zhou Yi
Published: October 2024

Background
Healthcare workers in dental hospitals frequently experience repeated occupational exposures (ROEs). In our study, we aim to analyze these repeated exposures among dental healthcare workers (DHWs), assess the risk levels of different risk factors, and explore the significance of ROE data for infection control in dental hospitals.
Methods
Based on hospital statistical data, we categorized the occupational exposure incidents at West China Hospital of Stomatology over the past seven years into initial and repeated exposures. We analyzed the association of various risk factors, including gender, personnel types, treatment locations, timing of occupational exposure, and pathways of occupational exposure, with the occurrence of repeated exposures. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21 was used to conduct chi-square analysis and binary logistic regression analysis, with the significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results
Compared to students, hospital dentists with teaching qualifications exhibited a higher risk of ROEs. The risk of repeated exposure for dental students was only 0.4 times that of hospital dentists (P=0.003). However, gender, treatment locations, timing of occupational exposure, and pathways of occupational exposure did not significantly impact the repeated exposures among DHWs.
Conclusions
Analyzing ROEs provides practical insights. In dental teaching hospitals, hospital dentists with teaching qualifications, who are often considered experienced, have the highest risk of ROEs. This suggests that the focus of educational efforts should be directed towards this kind of DHWs.
Coarse-Grained Fundamental Forms for Characterizing Isometries of Trapezoid-based Origami Metamaterials
Authors: McInerney James , Misseroni Diego , Paulino Glaucio , Rocklin D. , Mao Xiaoming
Published: October 2024

Investigations of origami tessellations as effective media reveal the ability to program the components of their elasticity tensor. However, existing efforts focus on crease patterns that are composed of parallelogram faces where the parallel lines constrain the quasi-static elastic response. In this work, crease patterns composed of more general trapezoid faces are considered and their low-energy linear response is explored. Deformations of such origami tessellations are modeled as linear isometries that do not stretch individual panels at the small scale yet map to non-isometric changes of coarse-grained fundamental forms that quantify how the effective medium strains and curves at the large scale. Two distinct mode shapes, a rigid breathing mode and a nonrigid shearing mode, are identified in the continuum model. A specific example, called Morph-derivative trapezoid-based origami, is presented with analytical expressions for its deformations in both the discrete and continuous models. A developable specimen is fabricated and tested to validate the analytical predictions. This work advances the continuum modeling of origami tessellations as effective media with the incorporation of more generic faces and ground states, thereby enabling the investigation of novel designs and applications.
FC_C3D: A human behavior recognition method based on 3D fully convolutional network
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing , Lei Liang , Liu Xuehan , Zhao Jin , Chen Yi
Published: October 2024

Focusing on the problem of computational resources and storage space limitations faced by C3D convolutional neural network models when deployed in edge computing devices, this paper proposes a lightweight behavior recognition method for FC_C3D networks. Firstly, a lightweight 3D convolution scheme is proposed to reduce the model parameters by optimizing the number of 3D convolutional layers and introducing a batch normalization layer. Secondly, a network structure in full convolutional form is designed with adaptive mean pooling and convolutional classification to significantly reduce the computational resource requirements. Finally, the Adam gradient descent optimizer and Mish activation function are used to accelerate model convergence and improve accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy of this paper's method on the UCF101 dataset as well as the HMDB51 dataset is improved by 39.6% and 36.7%, respectively, the number of parameters is reduced by 85%, and the operation speed is improved by 18.1%.
Polarization vortices of thermal emission
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhang Ye , Wang Qiang , Xiao Meng , Liu Tao , Zhong Fan , Lai Zhenxin , Zhu Shining
Published: October 2024

Polarization singularities, crucial constituents of singular optics, manifest as vortices of polarization states. Recent progress has linked polarization vortices with bound states in the continuum (BICs) in optical waves. However, this association has not been explored in the realm of thermal emission, which holds the potential for generating arbitrary polarizations in a single thermal emitter. Here, we implement a polarization vortex thermal emitter (PVTE) based on BICs in a photonic crystal slab (PCS), allowing for the generation of various polarization states simultaneously along different directions. Using a custom-designed polarized angle-resolved thermal emission spectrometer (PARTES), we experimentally confirm polarization vortices of thermal emission originating from BICs with different charges and types. The proposed PVTEs present novel avenues for controlling thermal emission and show promising applications in infrared optical technology.
Domestic violence attitudes and responses in UK ethnic minority and migrant communities and the role of religious and cultural influences: A qualitative study
Authors: Istratii Romina , Paszkiewicz Natalia , Ahmed Aysha , King Elsabeth Gezahegn , Ali Parveen , Feder Gene
Published: October 2024

The current paper presents findings from qualitative research on domestic violence and abuse (DVA) with Christians and Muslims from Ethiopian, Eritrean and Bangladeshi communities in the United Kingdom (UK). The study explored understandings of and attitudes towards DVA and responses that integrated cultural and religious establishments and resources in ethnic minority faith communities. Qualitative research was conducted with the help of community-based researchers. Three researchers conducted 16 interviews and one focus group discussion with eight participants (total n = 24). The study added to the existing evidence on barriers that DVA victims from ethnic minority faith communities face in migration contexts, adding insight into the complex interaction between norms and pressures at country of origin and conditions in the host society, and the role of religious beliefs in this relationship. The study also reinforced the significant role that religious establishments and mediators can play in domestic violence responses, but also their general unpreparedness to do so. Participants proposed that integrating religious institutions and resources in DVA responses would be an effective way forward.
Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with epilepsy at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institution based cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sayid Bemnet Yacobe , Tilinty Haileleul Mekonnen , Teka Abel Melese , Bedane Kidist Abomsa , Yemane Nahom Zewdu
Published: October 2024

Background: People with epilepsy are more susceptible to psychiatric illnesses. The prevalence of depression is greater among people with epilepsy than among the general population. More severe co-morbid depression with epilepsy is linked to a poorer overall prognosis and a lower quality of life.
Objective: This study assessed the prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with epilepsy at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from July 1-30, 2023, among 591 epileptic patients in the follow-up units of Eka Kotebe General Hospital, St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College and Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. The study participants were selected via a systematic random sampling technique. A descriptive statistical method was used to generate frequencies and percentages. A Binary logistic regression model was used to assess the associations between independent variables and depression among epileptic patients. AORs were calculated and independent variables with p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significantly associated with depression among epileptic patients. The final model fitness was checked using the Hosmer- Lemshow goodness of fit test.
Results: The prevalence of depression was 42.6%. Residence[AOR=0.26, 95% CI (0.17-0.39)], seizure frequency per month[AOR=2.24, 95% CI (1.23-4.10)], frequency of drug[AOR=1.98, 95% CI (1.19-3.28)] and social support[AOR=0.33, 95%CI (0.21-0.52) for moderate social support and AOR=0.46, 95% CI (0.28-0.77) for strong social support]were found to be significantly associated with depression.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among patients with epilepsy at public hospitals in Addis Ababa was high. Healthcare professionals should emphasize epileptic patients with higher seizure frequency per month, a higher frequency of drug use and poor social support.Minster of health Should incorporate depression screening measures into existing epilepsy programs.
An Experimental Study of the Breakdown of Dolomite in H2O at 700 °C, 100 MPa
Authors: Labotka Theodore C. , Cole David R. , DeAngelis Michael T.
Published: October 2024

The occurence of periclase in contact-metamorphosed dolomite rock at modest temperature and pressure indicates an inltration of H2O because of the otherwise high temperature required for the reaction dolomite → periclase + calcite + CO2. We conducted experiments on the breakdown of dolomite in the presence of H2O at 700 °C, 100 MPa. Grains of dolomite, 175 – 250 μm in radius, were heated for up to thirty-two days (32 d). Rims of multigrain calcite and periclase formed around dolomite cores with ~ 50% of the dolomite replaced by 32 d. The growth of the rim is similar to that for previous experiments conducted with cores of dolomite rock and follows a square root of time (t) relation. The decrease in dolomite-core radius with t suggests that the rate is controlled by diffusion of CO2 and H2O through the reaction rim. The results can be modeled by the topochemical or “shrinking-core” model, in which the unreacted grain core shrinks as r=r0−κt with a kinetic parameter κ of 6.76 ± 0.6 × 10−4μm2/s (0.0213 mm2/y). The model predicts that dolomite grains of up to 2 mm in radius would disappear in < 200 y. In a rock undergoing metamorphism at the conditions of the experiments, the reaction zone grows to a width ranging from < 2 mm to > 800 mm, depending on the radius of the grains in the rock. The porosity grows rapidly, and CO2 is released abundantly at the beginning of reaction near the leading edge of the periclase isograd. The shrinking-core process occurs as long as the intergranular fluid is H2O rich, requiring a modest, minimum flux sufficient to displace the evolved CO2. The common replacement of periclase by brucite observed in nature was not seen in our experiments. Rather, the quench phase was the magnesium-carbonate hydrate nesquehonite, suggesting the brucite forms only in very CO2-poor fluid.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Thieno-[2,3-d]-pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Guo Yue , Qian Chenglu , Yang Rongrong , Han Zhongfei , Sun Guoxiang , Sun Yaquan
Published: October 2024

A series of novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their biological ability. 2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrano-3-cyanonitrile was synthesized by Gewald reaction using pyranone as substrate, malonitrile and sulfur powder as raw materials and triethylamine as base at room temperature. Subsequent amination with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMF-DMA) gave N’-(3-cyano-4,7-dihydro5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanimidamide. In this article, the 23 thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidines were obtained by Dimroth rearrangement condensation with different anilines, 16 of them being new compounds. Meanwhile, all compounds were assessed for breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line bioactivity with paclitaxel (PTX) as the positive control, and all compounds in the series showed inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231. The IC50 of compound l against MDA-MB-231 is 27.6 μM, which is similar to that of PTX with an IC50 of 29.3 μM. This means that compound l exhibits comparable inhibitory activity to PTX in MDA-MB-231 cells and may be considered as a potential anti-MDA-MB-231 inhibitor.
Perceptions of the Use of Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) for Payment and its Impact on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Wirabuana Cakra , Marbanie Ridwan , Sensuse Dana Indra , Sumirat Hidayat Deden , Purwaningsih Erisva Hakiki
Published: October 2024

Currently the use of cash payments is starting to change to a simpler payment method to non-cash transactions, it is supported by digital payment technology that is developing very quickly. One of the payment methods that can be used through smartphones is using QR codes as a way of payment. Using a qualitative approach, this study aims to analyze the influence of usability, ease of use, and trust factors on consumer acceptance of QR and its impact on purchasing behavior through a qualitative approach. The results of this study will contribute to the development of digital payments, especially based on the resulting perceptions and their impact on purchasing behavior.
Big Data Analytics in Gaza's Higher Education: Identifying and Addressing Key Implementation Barriers
Authors: Yousef Yousef
Published: October 2024

This research provides an in-depth investigation into the adoption of Big Data Analytics (BDA) technology in higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Gaza Strip, along with a detailed analysis of the barriers to its implementation. Using a quantitative research methodology, data was collected from 305 participants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to identify key barriers to BDA, including challenges related to infrastructure, security, resources, knowledge, and data characteristics. The study found that financial constraints, access pricing and conditions, significant investment costs, lack of BDA expertise, operational expenses, experience sharing, and resource development are the main barriers to BDA adoption. Additionally, the study shows that 65.3% of HEIs are using BDA technology, with a BDA readiness score of 66.68%. Regression analysis indicates that barriers related to security, finances, data characteristics, skills, and infrastructure negatively impact BDA practice and readiness. Based on these findings, proactive measures are recommended to address these barriers in the Gaza Strip. These measures include developing government initiatives, upgrading IT infrastructure, enhancing BDA skills, and promoting BDA technology awareness. The research advocates for further exploration of the specific challenges and opportunities faced by local universities and a deeper investigation into the potential benefits of BDA adoption. Overcoming these obstacles and fostering BDA integration could enhance data analysis capabilities, contributing to the growth and competitive strength of the Gaza Strip.
Enhancing ERP Usage Through Absorptive Capacity: A Case Study from Indonesia Enterprise
Authors: Gunung Muhammad , Khairunnaziri Muhammad , Hafiz Muhammad , Putra Panca O. Hadi
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the effect of individual users' absorptive capacity to the usage of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) at PT ABC, a transportation company in Indonesia. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). This study tests the relationships between three facets of absorptive capacity and ERP usage. This study revealed that among aspects of absorptive capacity, only the capacity associated with applying ERP knowledge directly affects ERP usage. Meanwhile, prior understanding and proficiency in integrating ERP systems have a significant indirect impact on ERP usage performance. Based on these findings, it is suggested that PT ABC strengthens individual employees' absorptive capacities and encourages them to acquire ERP expertise before implementation. Moreover, cultivating a culture that supports collaboration and knowledge sharing is crucial for maximizing the benefits of ERP systems within the organization. Implementing these strategies is expected to improve ERP adoption outcomes at PT ABC
Paz en femenino II
Authors: Rocío Ibeth , María Angélica , Ortiz Magalys , Patricia Silvia , Agudelo Carmen , Epalza Greicy , Lara Yennilyn , Palacio Daylin , Miranda Karol , Vélez Margarita , Tifany Heygui , Gómez Polidora , José Maria , de Jeimmy , Andrea Nicole , Gargiulo Alexandra , Luz Loly , Cecilia Mónica , Arrieta Widath , Isabel Magda , Tatiana Yeni , Patricia Adriana , Nayibe Deysy , Esther Norelly , Vanessa Adriana , María Ana , Karina Sara , Benjumea Rocío , Torregroza Darly
Published: October 2024

Identidad y memoria son dos temas que resuenan a través de las obras de Paz en femenino II. Los caminos de la identidad en los que las manos de las artistas nos guían a través de elementos cercanos, íntimos y subjetivos, mientras que en la memoria nos sumergen en las aguas del tiempo, la tierra nueva y el andar.
Paz en femenino II abre esta posibilidad de encuentro en un coro de voces que revelan la experiencia desde el punto de vista de las mujeres. Las artistas en esta ocasión han echado mano de la ilustración, la pintura, la documentación de lo performativo y técnicas mixtas. Con sus elecciones nos invitan a caminar juntas, unas veces al lado y en otras desde el centro de su punto de vista.

Bienvenidos a Paz en femenino 2024.
The Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of the Expression of PD-L1 and MET Genes in Breast Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Al-Diabat Muhsen , Ayoub Nehad M. , AL-Eitan Laith , Alshorman Moath , Shatnawi Aymen
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

The heterogeneity of breast cancer requires exploring novel prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for the treatment of the disease.

Methods:

The METABRIC dataset was used to describe the gene expression of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) and their association with the tumor clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival in breast cancer.

Results:

The expression of the PD-L1 and MET genes correlated positively with the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (p=0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). The expression of the two genes correlated inversely with luminal A and luminal B tumors (r= – 0.089, p= 0.021 and r= – 0.116, p= 0.013, respectively). The PD-L1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in hormone recep-tor-negative and HER2-positive tumors. MET mRNA expression levels were significantly high-er in hormone receptor-negative, HER2-enriched, and non-luminal breast cancers. The PD-L1/MET double-high expression was associated with younger age of patients at diagnosis, high-er NPI scores, larger tumors, advanced stage, high-grade, hormone receptor-negativity, HER2-positivity, and non-luminal tumors. None of the genes or their double expression status was sig-nificantly associated with overall survival in this analysis.

Conclusion:

The expression of the PD-L1 and MET genes is remarkably associated with worse tumor clinicopathologic features and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Further in-vestigations using combination drug regimens targeting PD-L1 and MET are important, particu-larly in breast tumors expressing high levels of both proteins.