bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Developmental Critical View of Emotional Intelligence Theories and Programs in the Greek Educational Settings
Authors: Katsarou Dimitra V. , Kougioumtzis Georgios A. , Sofologi Maria , Mantsos Evangelos , Efthymiou Efthymia , Sarris Dimitrios
Published: August 2024

School is considered the natural place for the transmission of knowledge, values, and attitudes, the process of acquiring correct social behavior that will stem from the regulation and understanding of emotions seems challenging. The development of emotional intelligence in the school environment can help students who have integration difficulties, school bullying, intellectual and learning problems, and early dropout. Thus, students create a positive attitude towards lifelong learning, a sense of autonomy, effectiveness, and respect towards teachers. Violence prevention, social service training, the ability to form and maintain relationships are just a few practical uses of learning emotional intelligence in school. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of the inclusion of emotional intelligence programs in the Greek educational system with the aim of empowering students, the critical presentation of theories under the development spirit, as well as the comparison of existing programs through processes of synthesis and analysis of the literature.
Building Mental Resilience in Children
Authors: Zafiropoulou Maria , Psilou Agoritsa
Published: August 2024

Literature reports that schools are the appropriate settings to organize and apply activities to promote children's and young people's resilience. Mental resilience is the ability an individual has to cope and succeed in dealing with challenges, misfortune, and adversities. Mental resilience in children is distinguished when they manage to exhibit developmental evolution and positive mental health despite the fact that they are “at risk”. Important attributes of resilience in children and young people are enhanced by the whole-school approach and the teachers' work on developing certain skills. The whole school approach consists of a positive school environment, where self-qualities are developed and intervention programs for mental health wellness are delivered. Teachers use a) organizational features such as a sense of optimism, purpose, and school pride and the establishment of effective school-community partnership; b) relational features such as the creation of a supportive and understanding learning environment, the fostering of a positive teacher-student relationship, support school-home relationships, and enhancement of positive peer relationships; c) pedagogical features such as using a well-organised curriculum, applying extra-curriculum activities, and offering information, awareness raising, and advocacy to stimulate children's mental resilience.
A Comprehensive Survey and Literature Review on TOPSIS
Authors: Taherdoost Hamed , Madanchian Mitra
Published: August 2024

Multi-criteria decision making is a complex process that involves considering various criteria or factors when making a decision. Over the past few decades, several researchers have developed different methods to tackle this problem. This method offers manifold advantages, however, it faces several limits leading to the development of different modified forms. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the TOPSIS concept to help the researchers gain an overview in different aspects of TOPSIS. The literature review presented in this paper offers a comprehensive survey of the TOPSIS method, providing researchers with an overview of the various aspects of the method, its strengths and limitations, and its various applications. The results of the literature review also are provided based on the application, methodology, and reasons to use TOPSIS method.
Scabies mimicking relapsing atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pigliacelli Flavia , Abril Elva , Cameli Norma , Iacovelli Paolo , Mariano Maria
Published: August 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease clinically characterized by eczematous skin manifestations; sometimes it can manifest with non-specific clinical features, in common with other skin conditions, such as infectious and neoplastic diseases. We would like to underline the importance of accurate dermatologic examination and rigorous anamnesis in patient affected by AD, in order to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed treatments.
Effects of heat stress and long photoperiod on the prostate of rats
Authors: Ghaffari Hamid Reza , Poursamimi Javad
Published: August 2024

Objective:

To examine light and heat effects on the morphological, histological, and micrometric structure of the prostate of rats.

Methods:

Thirty adult male rats were divided into three groups. The control group was kept under 20 °C-22 °C and an artificial 12 h/12 h day/night cycle; the temperature group was under normal light and at (42±1) °C heat for 4 to 5 h daily, and the light group was exposed to 8 h/16 h day/night cycle with 20 °C-22 °C. Rats were weighed five times (at the beginning of the study and every seven days). Five milliliters (mL) of their peripheral blood were taken. The tissue staining was performed using the hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) stain and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). In the following, tissue and cellular reactions to the PAS were examined.

Results:

Folds were located entirely on the surface of the anterior lobe and periphery of the other lobes. The secretory units in the anterior lobe were more than the lateral lobe. A strong reaction of the secretory cells to the PAS was observed. Testosterone serum levels of the light group also significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). The most histometric changes of the lobes were established in the lateral lobes. Heat stress resulted in a significant decrease in testosterone levels and transformed prostate tissue. The epithelium and parenchyma to scaffold ratio in the temperature group decreased.

Conclusions:

Maximum and minimum changes in the ventral lobe happened under the ascent of temperature and light, respectively. The ventral lobe in the study of prostatic hyperplasia should be more considered.
Prosthetic rehabilitation of intraoral defects in patients with rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis: A systematic review
Authors: Wadhwa Samiksha , Mathew Rohit Sunny , Daniel Angleena Y. , Kurian Nirmal , Varghese Kevin George
Published: August 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to systematically review the frequency and type of intraoral prosthetic rehabilitation in patients with rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM).

Settings and Design:

Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Case reports that documented prosthetic rehabilitation following surgery in patients with ROCM were included. This review was registered under the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021262284. Assessment of the quality of the included studies was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case reports, which comprised of an eight-item checklist. The recorded observations were organized and subjected to analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Qualitative analysis was used.

Results:

Among the 25 case reports, type IId defect was the most common. Three types of prosthetic treatments were rendered, with the obturator being the most common choice of rehabilitation, followed by implant-retained obturator overdenture and fixed implant-supported prosthesis. Patients undergoing implant-based rehabilitation exhibited a 100% survival rate for implants, with follow-up periods spanning from 6 months to 3 years. No prosthetic complications were reported in any of the included case reports.

Conclusions:

The prevailing defect type identified was IId (48%), while the treatment of choice most frequently employed was an obturator (84%). However, with limited evidence available at present, further research is required to draw more definitive conclusions.
Lethal and sublethal effects of spinosad on dengue vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus and bancroftian filariasis vector mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Meng Fange , Xu Hui , Wei Ling , Wang Yongming , Huang Xiao , Wang Dong
Published: August 2024

Background & objectives:

Aedes albopictu and Culex pipiens pallens are important vectors of many viruses and have had resistance to chemical pesticide. Spinosad is a selective biological insecticide to control urban mosquito. The aim of this study was to reveal the sublethal effects of spinosad on mosquito and provide reference basis for integrated mosquito management.

Methods:

The toxicity of spinosad against Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens pallens were determined under laboratory conditions by exposing early third-instar larvae to different concentrations.

Results:

The LC50 values of spinosad to Ae. albopictus and Cx. Pipiens pallens larvaes were 4.44×10-3 mg∙L-1 and 1.93×10-3 mg∙L-1 respectively after 72 h exposure. Spinosad at sublethal concentrations has many negative effects on Ae. albopictus and Cx. Pipiens pallens larval, pupae, adult and offspring eggs, including significantly reduced their larvae pupation rate by 51.37% and 58.47%, significantly prolonged pupae length by 21.43% and 16.18%, reduced female wing-spans by 20.19% and 14.89%, reduced male wing-spans by 3.84% and 7.54%, reduced female weight by 29.04% and 31.52%, reduced male weight by 7.47% and 9.07%, reduced female and male ratio by 51.98% and 45.21%, reduced individual egg-laying amount by 15.73% and 35.51%, in addition, offspring egg hatchability were dramatically decreased by 25.71% and 34.04%, egg periods were significantly prolonged by 14.42% and 62.82% respectively. No significant effect on larval period, pupae emergence rate, female bite rates were observed.

Interpretation & conclusion:

These results suggest that spinosad might affect pest population dynamics significantly and is fairly expected to be a candidate biological pesticide for mosquito control.
Colonoscopy findings in patients with haematochezia in Benin (South-South Nigeria): A 9-year prospective study
Authors: Irowa Omorodion Omoruyi , Agbonrofo Peter Ikponmwosa , Odigie Vincent Isibor
Published: August 2024

Background:

Colonoscopy is an important armamentarium in the investigation of haematochezia. Patients with haematochezia are very anxious about the presence of blood in their faeces. They are usually referred for diagnostic colonoscopy based on the presence of blood in stool or anaemia.

Aims/Objectives:

To highlight the causes of haematochezia in patients over a 9-year prospective period in the Premier tertiary health centre in the South-South zone of Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

All Consecutive patients seen in our surgical services (June 1, 2009, to May 30, 2018) requiring colonoscopy for haematochezia were entered into a proforma. The demographics, findings at colonoscopy, and outcome of colonoscopy were analysed.

Results:

Three hundred and sixty-five colonoscopies were done during the study period; of these, 44% (160 patients) had a colonoscopy for haematochezia. Mean age of patients was 54.7 years. Age range was 16–86 years. Cluster age group was fifth to seventh decade (62.5%). The male-to-female ratio was 2:1. Causes of haematochezia were Haemorrhoids 32.5%, large bowel cancer 23.8%, diverticular disease 10%, inflammatory disease of the bowel 6.3%, polyps 3.8%. About 15% of the patients had more than one colonic site of bleeding. The most common subsites for colon cancer were rectum and sigmoid colon (79.6%), in 11 patients (6.8%) was the tumour within reach of the examining finger. Repeat colonoscopy occurred in 3 patients (0.8%). The most common complication of colonoscopy was bleeding (0.8%). Two patients (0.5%) had colonic perforation.

Conclusion:

Forty-four percent (44%) of colonoscopy in Benin, South-South Nigeria has haematochezia as its indication. The cluster age group is the fifth to seventh decade. One in four patients had colon cancer and in 6.8% the tumour was within reach of the examining finger. It is the authors’ opinion that colonoscopy should be routinely done in patients with haematochezia in South-South Nigeria.
Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons
Authors: Cui Jiantao , Shen Yueru , Song Zheng , Fan Dinggang , Hu Bing
Published: August 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202506000-00031/figure1/v/2024-08-08T040853Z/r/image-tiff

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo; however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700 markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.
Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Seplovich Gabriela , Bouchi Yazan , de Rivero Vaccari Juan Pablo , Pareja Jennifer C. Munoz , Reisner Andrew , Blackwell Laura , Mechref Yehia , Wang Kevin K. , Tyndall J. Adrian , Tharakan Binu , Kobeissy Firas
Published: August 2024

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease as inflammasome-dependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.
A Rare Case of Recurrent Hemopneumothorax
Authors: Anuja R. , Shamna P. T. , Midhun M. , Sukumaran P. , Lintu R. K.
Published: August 2024

Hemopneumothorax is most commonly encountered following trauma. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax is rare. Causes of spontaneous hemopneumothorax include congenital cystic lung diseases, bleeding disorders, collagen vascular diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and complications of lung malignancies. Vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a life-threatening rare genetic disorder with a high tendency of arterial and organ rupture. Pulmonary complications in vEDS are rare. This report is of a young male presenting with a history of recurrent hemopneumothorax. He was diagnosed with vEDS by identifying a COL3A1 gene mutation. This report emphasizes the importance of genetic studies when young patients present with unexplained and recurrent hemopneumothorax. Genetic counseling and close monitoring are imperative for the prevention of severe complications.
A Curious Case of Pulmonary Anisakiasis
Authors: Keerthana V. V. , Azeez Ameer K , Niyas Vettakkara Kandy Muhammed , Abraham Sujith Varghese , Rajeswari Resmi Aswini , Abraham Rachel
Published: August 2024

Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease, caused by nematode species belonging to family Anisakidae. While gastrointestinal anisakiasis is common, pulmonary anisakiasis is rarely reported. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reported cases of anisakiasis from India. We are reporting a case of pulmonary anisakiasis presented with eosinophilic pleural effusion.
Massive Hemoptysis Caused Due to an Unusual “Masquerader:” Nocardiosis
Authors: Deepak T. H , Deshmukh Karan , Subramanian Santhakumar , Jaganathan Venugopal
Published: August 2024

Pulmonary nocardiosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that often affects immunocompromised patients. The presentation of this infection can vary, with symptoms ranging from cough, fever, and occasional scanty hemoptysis. It is extremely rare for pulmonary nocardiosis to present with massive hemoptysis. We present a case of massive hemoptysis due to pulmonary nocardiosis in a newly diagnosed diabetic. The management of massive hemoptysis required rigid bronchoscopy and glue instillation to control the hemoptysis, highlighting the importance of airway interventions in the management of nocardiosis.
Blood tubes potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in comparison to calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for calcific band keratopathy
Authors: Abusayf Mohammed M. , Tobaigy Mohannad F.
Published: August 2024

This study aims to report a case of dense calcific band keratopathy (CBK) treated with calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) and dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K2EDTA). A 12-year-old female with chronic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome and glaucoma presented with dense CBK in her right eye (OD). We used CaNa2EDTA followed by K2EDTA to enhance the chelation process. No adverse events were observed, and 1-year posttreatment, the patient showed no recurrence. Our findings suggest that K2EDTA can complement and enhance the effect of CaNa2EDTA, offering a cost-effective and readily available alternative. We acknowledge that the simultaneous use of two chelating agents in the same case may limit the conclusiveness of our findings regarding their individual efficacy. However, based on previous reports, we believe the significant clearing effect observed is primarily attributable to K2EDTA rather than a combined effect.
Mepolizumab in CRSwNP/ECRS and NP: the phase III randomised MERIT trial in Japan, China, and Russia
Authors: Fujieda F , Wang C , Yoshikawa M , Asako M , Suzaki I , Bachert C , Han J K , Fuller A , Baylis L , Su L , Sasaki E , Sousa A R , Chan R , Zhang L
Published: August 2024

Background: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, 52-week Phase III study (MERIT; NCT04607005) assessed mepolizumab efficacy and safety in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)/eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) in Japan, Russia, and China, for which data are limited. Methodology: Eligible patients (enrolled at 60 centres) had blood eosinophil count >2%, endoscopic bilateral NP score ≥5, nasal obstruction visual analogue scale (VAS) score >5, ≥2 sinonasal symptoms, and either previous sinus surgery or systemic corticosteroid use/intolerance. Patients were randomised (1:1) to receive mepolizumab 100 mg subcutaneously or placebo every 4 weeks, plus standard of care. Co-primary endpoints: change from baseline in total endoscopic NP score (ENPS) (Week 52) and nasal obstruction VAS score (Weeks 49–52). Post hoc analyses conducted in a modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population excluded patients from two study sites, related to Good Clinical Practice violations by the Site Management Organisation overseeing these sites. These were considered the primary efficacy analyses. Results: In the mITT population, mepolizumab (n=80) versus placebo (n=83) significantly improved nasal obstruction VAS score from baseline to Week 49–52 and was associated with a trend of total ENPS improvements at Week 52. Mepolizumab/placebo on-treatment adverse events (AEs) occurred in 68/84 and 65/85 patients in the safety population (treatment-related AEs: 2/84 and 5/85, respectively), and on-treatment serious AEs in 0/84 and 4/85 patients, respectively (no fatalities reported). Conclusions: Mepolizumab was effective and well-tolerated in patients with CRSwNP/ECRS from Japan, Russia, and China.
Technology and Access to Healthcare with Different Scheduling Systems: A Scoping Review
Authors: Manarte Lucas
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Online consultation scheduling is increasingly common in health services across various countries. This paper reviews articles published in the past five years and reflects on the risks and benefits of this practice, linking it to a recent Portuguese pilot project.Methods: A search for articles from Web of Science and Scopus published since 2018 was conducted using the terms “online scheduling,” “online booking,” and “consultations.” This search was completed in the last week of 2023.Results: Out of 64 articles retrieved, 26 were relevant to the topic. These articles were reviewed, and their main findings, along with those from other relevant sources, were discussed.Conclusions: Several limitations of online consultations were identified, encompassing ethical, clinical, and economic aspects. While these consultations tend to be less expensive, their accessibility varies based on factors such as the users’ age, whether they reside in rural or urban areas, and the technological capabilities of different countries, indicating that access disparities may continue to widen. Confidentiality concerns also arise, varying by medical specialty, along with issues related to payment. Overall, however, both users and health professionals view the advent of online consultation booking positively. In conclusion, despite the risks identified, online consultation booking has the potential to enhance user access to health services, provided that usage limitations and technological disparities are addressed. Research production has not kept pace with rapid technological advancements.
Satisfaction of Patients and Physicians with Telehealth Services during the COVID-19
Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fadaizadeh Lida , Velayati Farnia , Arab-Zozani Morteza
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed significant challenges to healthcare systems, prompting the widespread adoption of telehealth to provide medical services while minimizing the risk of virus transmission. This study aimed to assess the satisfaction rates of both patients and physicians with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Searches were conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023. We included studies that utilized telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic and reported satisfaction data for both patients and physicians. Data extraction was performed using a form designed by the researchers. A meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects models with the OpenMeta-Analyst software. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the type of telehealth services used: telephone, video, and a combination of both.Results: From an initial pool of 1,454 articles, 62 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The most commonly used methods were video and telephone calls. The overall satisfaction rate with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic was 81%. Satisfaction rates were higher among patients at 83%, compared to 74% among physicians. Specifically, telephone consultations had a satisfaction rate of 77%, video consultations 86%, and a mix of both methods yielded a 77% satisfaction rate.Conclusions: Overall, satisfaction with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic was considered satisfactory, with both patients and physicians reporting high levels of satisfaction. Telehealth has proven to be an effective alternative for delivering healthcare services during pandemics.
Associations between Nicotine Dependence, Smartphone Usage Patterns, and Expected Compliance with a Smoking Cessation Application among Smokers
Authors: Kwon Oh Beom , Jung Chihoon , Kim Auk , Park Sang Won , Byeon Gihwan , Lee Seung-Joon , Kim Woo Jin
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease. However, smokers have shown poor compliance with smoking cessation clinics. Smartphone applications present a promising opportunity to improve this compliance. This study aimed to explore the relationship between nicotine dependence, smartphone usage patterns, and anticipated compliance with a smoking cessation application among smokers, with the goal of informing future development of such applications.Methods: A total of 53 current smokers were surveyed using a questionnaire. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Variables included the number of hours spent using a phone, willingness to quit smoking, number of previous quit attempts, desired number of text messages about smoking cessation, expected duration of application usage, and FTND scores. Kendall’s partial correlation, adjusted for age, was employed for the analysis.Results: The amount of time smokers spent on their mobile devices was negatively correlated with the number of smoking cessation text messages they wanted to receive (τ coefficient = –0.210, p = 0.026) and the duration they intended to use the cessation application (τ coefficient = –0.260, p = 0.006). Conversely, the number of desired text messages was positively correlated with the intended duration of application usage (τ coefficient = 0.366, p = 0.00012).Conclusions: Smokers who spent more time on their mobile devices tended to prefer using the cessation application for shorter periods, whereas those who desired more text messages about smoking cessation were more inclined to use the application for longer durations.
Scientific Publication Speed of Korean Medical Journals during the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Seo Hyeonseok , Kim Yaechan , Kim Dongryeong , Kang Hanul , Park Chansu , Park Sejin , Kang Junha , Oh Janghyeog , Kang Hyunsung , Han Mi Ah
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study compared the scientific publication speeds of Korean medical journals before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era.Methods: We analyzed 2,064 papers from 43 international Korean medical journals, selecting 12 papers annually from 2019 to 2022. We assessed publication speed indicators, including the time from submission to revision and from submission to publication. Additionally, we examined variations in publication speed based on journal and paper characteristics, including whether the studies were related to COVID-19.Results: Among the 43 journals analyzed, 39.5% disclosed the peer review duration from submission to the first decision, and 11.6% reported their acceptance rates. The average time from submission to acceptance was 127.0 days in 2019, 126.1 days in 2020, 124.6 days in 2021, and 126.4 days in 2022. For COVID-19-related studies, the average time from submission to revision was 61.4 days, compared to 105.1 days for non-COVID-19 studies; from submission to acceptance, it was 87.4 days for COVID-19-related studies and 127.1 days for non-COVID-19 studies. All indicators for COVID-19-related studies showed shorter durations than those for non-COVID-19 studies, and the proportion of studies accepted within 30 or 60 days was significantly higher for COVID-19-related studies.Conclusions: This study investigated the publication speed of Korean international medical journals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic influenced journals’ review and publication processes, potentially impacting the quality of academic papers. These findings provide insights into publication speeds during the COVID-19 era, suggesting that journals should focus on maintaining the integrity of their publication and review processes.
Four decades of HIV/AIDS in Tanzania: A narrative of the dynamics of the anthropological perspectives toward the epidemic
Authors: Straton Kakoko Ruhinda, Ph.D.
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of HIV/AIDS among Tanzanians, especially in the Kagera region, has been widely recognized since 1983 when the first cases of HIV infection were diagnosed. This study employed a qualitative approach and a narrative research design to uncover the socially constructed reality surrounding the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Tanzania. By delving into detailed narratives provided by key respondents, the study examined the evolving anthropological perspectives on HIV/AIDS before and after the scientific diagnosis of the epidemic in Tanzania, spanning the period from 1983 to 2023. The study found that, initially, there was a sense of mystery surrounding the origin and nature of the illness, as it seemed to emerge unexpectedly. By then, witchcraft was believed to be the cause of this calamity. However, a significant moment occurred in 1983 when three patients received medical diagnoses at Ndolage Hospital in Muleba District. The diagnosis and awareness campaign represented a pivotal moment in people's perceptions, gradually transitioning from associating HIV/AIDS with witchcraft to understanding the scientific explanation of the epidemic. Nonetheless, stigma towards AIDS patients persisted until the introduction of antiretroviral (ARV) medication in 2004. With the availability of ARVs, trust was restored among HIV/AIDS patients, enabling them to engage in daily activities without encountering stigma or discrimination in their communities. Additionally, ARVs contributed to diminishing the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS. As more individuals gained access to treatment and led healthier lives with HIV, misconceptions and fears surrounding the disease diminished, fostering greater acceptance and support for those living with HIV. The study's findings highlight the significance of culturally tailored interventions that address the disparity between deeply rooted cultural beliefs regarding the origins of illness and scientific explanations. These interventions encompass organizing workshops and community forums that offer culturally sensitive information about the scientific understanding of diseases such as HIV/AIDS, while also acknowledging and respecting traditional beliefs. Therefore, it is crucial that when the association between the epidemic and cultural beliefs, as well as stigma, is evident, awareness campaigns are maintained through community-driven initiatives and continuous educational efforts.
Antifungal activity of botanicals on causal agents of tomato fungal diseases
Authors: Assiri K.E.P. , Yao K. F. , Diallo H.A.
Published: August 2024

Tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum) diseases are among the most constraining factors of tomato production in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Carica papaya and Hydrocotyle bonariensis leaf aqueous extracts, for preventive efficacy against tomatoes diseases agents Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp1 and Fusarium sp2. A greenhouse study was conducted using three different concentrations of leaf extracts (12.5, 25 and 37.5 mg ml-1) obtained by diluting 25, 50 and 75%, respectively, of the crude extract (50 mg ml-1) on the three tomato pathogenic fungi. The concentrations of each of the two extracts with the best fungistatic activities on fungal isolates were selected for in vivo tests. All aqueous extracts inhibited fungal mycelial growth by more than 70%, at the highest concentration (37.5 mg ml-1); compared to the other two concentrations. At 37.5 mg ml-1, the extracts reduced the severity of fungal diseases on tomato plants compared to the control. Hydrocotyle bonariensis was more effective. A more refined formulation of these extracts could increase their effectiveness and serve for sustainable control of tomato fungal diseases.
Influence of growth stages and soil types on performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions grown in flooded paddy soil
Authors: Onuoha S.C , Ukwa J.N.
Published: August 2024

Soil and its microorganisms have for long been known to contribute to the performance of plant with regards to nutrient availability and  uptake, therefore knowledge of its properties and its role is very vital in crop productivity. The study focused on assessing the structure of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of rice plants in Ebonyi State, considering soil types, rice varieties, and plant growth stages. Soil  samples were collected from paddy fields, sieved, and flooded with ionized water before planting four rice accessions from the Biotechnology Research Centre of EBSU. Physicochemical parameters of the soils were analyzed, showing slightly acidic pH levels, various  fractions of sand, organic carbon, organic matter, and essential nutrients like calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Pore water analysis revealed the presence of organic and inorganic ions, with higher concentrations of certain ions in planted soils compared to  unplanted ones. The microbial population differed significantly between planted and unplanted soils, with varying effects of different rice accessions on microbial load. The study also observed changes in microbial populations at different growth stages of rice plants, with the  microbial load decreasing as plants grew. The findings suggest that selecting adapted rice cultivars can enhance yields, reduce fertilizer usage, and improve food security. This research provides valuable insights for rice farmers and breeders to optimize productivity.
Fatty acid profile of oil extracted from the seeds of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and avocado (Persea Americana)
Authors: Saibu G.M. , Adeyemo A.G. , Avoseh O.N. , Ogunrinola O.O. , Ayeni T.O. , Adu O.B. , Fajana O. O. , Olaitan S.N. , Elemo B.O.
Published: August 2024

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and Avocado (Persea americana) seeds are often considered as byproducts or waste in the food industry.  This study investigated the fatty acid profile of oil derived from the seeds of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and avocado. Soxhlet  extraction protocol was used to extract the oils, and their fatty acid compositions were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass  Spectrometry (GC-MS). The main fatty acids identified and quantified include saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids  (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The investigation revealed that the oil derived from Watermelon seeds (Citrullus  lanatus) contained more unsaturated fatty acids than the oil from Avocado seeds (Persea americana). However, oil extracted from  avocado seeds (Persea americana) has a larger percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids than oil extracted from watermelon seeds  (Citrullus lanatus). As a result of its high concentration of essential oils, the oil derived from these two seed sources has the potential to  be used in the food and cosmetics industries. The study's findings also shed light on the nutritional significance of these oils, particularly  critical fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6. In conclusion, the study on the fatty acid profile of oils extracted from watermelon and  avocado seeds holds promise for uncovering valuable information with implications for nutrition, health, agriculture, and industry.
Investigation into the Potential of Paullinia pinnata (Linn.) Methanol Leaf Extract against Toxicity by Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether in Wistar Rats
Authors: Adeyemo-Salami Oluwatoyin A. , Kolade Damilola S. , Akande Lateefah O.
Published: August 2024

Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) is a toxicant with wide industrial and domestic use. Paullinia pinnata (PP) is a herb with medicinal properties as demonstrated scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible chemopreventive effect of PP on EGME-induced damagesin the liver and kidney. Seventy adults male Wistar rats were weight-matched into seven groups (n=10). Groups I and II served as controls and received distilled water and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. Group III received EGME (200 mg/kg) only. Groups IV-VII each received EGME (200 mg/kg) and PP at 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg doses, respectively. All administrations were done orally daily for 14 consecutive days. On day 15, the animals were euthanized and the liver and kidneys were excised. The EGME significantly (p<0.05) reduced the activities and the levels of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. These deleterious effects were prevented by co-administration with PP at 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg dose but not at the 25 mg/kg dose. Paullinia pinnata methanol leaf extract barred the toxic effect of EGME at moderate doses in the liver and kidney.
Assessments of the Safety of Arsenicals on Dyslipidaemia and Reproductive Organ Morphology of Albino Rats
Authors: Adeyi Olubisi E. , Somade Oluwatobi T. , Ugwor Emmanuel I. , Oladimeji Olayinka A. , Ozoemena Happiness O. , Adeyi Akindele O.
Published: August 2024

Epidemiological studies have implicated Arsenic (As) an environmental toxicant in the etiology of many diseases which have been associated with dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular abnormalities. This study investigated the comparative effect of sub-chronic exposure to two arsenicals on the lipid profiles and morphology of the reproductive organs. Fifty albino rats were divided into five groups of 10 animals each (5 male and 5 female) were exposed to different doses of arsenic (As) either as sodium arsenite or sodium arsenate for 5 weeks. Lipids [triacylglycerol (TAG), cholesterol (CHOL) and phospholipids (PHOS)] concentrations were determined in the plasma, lipoprotein fractions, hepatic, renal, cardiac and brain tissues. In the male rats’ tissues, both arsenicals generally elicited a hormetic response, while in the tissues of female rats; both arsenicals increased the CHOL concentration. Furthermore, the perturbations in TAG concentration in female animals did not follow any regular pattern; although, depletion of TAG characterized these arsenic-induced perturbations in male rats except in the kidney, where TAG was accumulated. The arsenicals generally increased PHOS concentration in exposed animals irrespective of the sex. While HDL-TAG and HDL-CHOL concentrations were significantly reduced in As-exposed groups, changes observed in VLDL+LDL-TAG and VLDL+LDL-CHOL varied with no regular pattern. Histopathology of the sex organs revealed altered morphology in arsenite-exposed rats. Results from this study further associated these arsenicals as potential agents that can cause dyslipidaemia in tissues and also possess the ability to alter the architecture of sex organs in albino rats
The Chemo-preventive Ability of Quercetin and Isorhamnetin on Bromate- induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress May Involve Modulation of the Inflammatory Response
Authors: Okoko Tebekeme , Robert Faith O. , Alade Tolulope O.
Published: August 2024

The protective/preventive effects of quercetin and isorhamnetin on bromate-induced aberrations were studied. Cells were first incubated with either quercetin or isorhamnetin before exposure to bromate. Subsequently, cell viability and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. In the other investigation, U937-derived macrophages were incubated with either flavonoid before exposure to bromate. Subsequently, the production of pro-inflammatory markers and expression of the antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also investigated. The findings reveal that bromate caused significant cytotoxicity, production of ROS, nitric oxide and cytokines when compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05). Bromate also reduced the expression of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT. However, chemoprevention was observed when the cells were pre-incubated with either flavonoid which was concentration-dependent (p < 0.05). Pre-incubation of the cells with the flavonoids also reduced bromate-induced production of reactive oxygen species. The flavonoids also reduced bromate-induced production of nitric oxide and the cytokines in the U937-derived macrophages. The expression of the antioxidant enzymes was also enhanced following the pre-treatment of the macrophages with the flavonoids. Quercetin tends to be more active than isorhamnetin at reducing bromate-induced cytotoxicity and production of ROS. However, isorhamnetin tends to be better at reducing bromate-induced alterations on the production of NO and the pro-inflammatory cytokines but largely not significant. Isorhamnetin was also better at enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes than quercetin (p < 0.05).
Growth Performance and Toxicological Implications of Mixed Fungal Fermented Maize Cob Feed in Experimental Rats
Authors: Olagunju Abbas , Onyike Elewechi , Ameh Danladi A. , Atawodi Sunday E. , Ndidi Uche S.
Published: August 2024

Mixed fungal fermentation was carried out to upgrade the nutritive value of the maize cobs for use as inclusion in developing a balanced feed for animal production. Grounded maize cobs were alkaline pretreated, and fermented with mixed and single lignocellulolytic fungi of Lachnocladium flavidum and Aspergillus niger. A feeding experiment assessed the growth performance and toxicological implications of graded levels (10%, 30%, and 50%) of fungal fermented maize cobs following their inclusion in the diet. Feed substituted with 10% L. flavidum. was found to have the most positive effect on animal weight and the growth rate, while for the feed consumption and the efficiency of feed conversion, statistical difference was not observed among the various substituted feeds. Toxicity studies reveal absolute and relative organ weights were stable with slight differences among substituted fermented-fed groups relative to the control. Liver and kidney weight appeared normal in various fermented substituted groups. Most markers of liver function analyzed appeared normal, glucose levels however increased significantly (P<0.05) in most of the fermented-fed groups. Serum electrolytes as markers of kidney function also showed a stable condition while urea and creatine levels increased significantly (P<0.05) but within the normal range. Hematological parameters did not show compromised values as all appeared within acceptable ranges. This research has shown that 10% L. flavidum and A. niger fermented maize cobs have been demonstrated to be efficacious and safe as a substitute for inclusion in animal feed production.
Impacto de la vacunación de la gripe en los motivos de incapacidad temporal entre los trabajadores sanitarios
Authors: Rubio del Rio Juan Jose , López-Aragonés José Manuel , Veiga-Crespo María Carolina , Sánchez-Uriz María Ángeles , Martí-Dominguez María Lidón
Published: August 2024

Introducción: La Gripe es una infección respiratoria aguda que todos los años ocasiona grandes consecuencias sanitarias y económicas. Los trabajadores sanitarios están altamente expuestos a este tipo de infecciones, por lo que valoramos en qué grado podría reducirse el absentismo laboral de infecciones respiratorias agudas mediante su inmunización en periodos de alta transmisibilidad.
Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina (Madrid) desde el 1 de diciembre de 2023 hasta el 15 de enero de 2024, en el que estudiaron variables como la vacunación de la gripe y su influencia en los motivos de incapacidad temporal de infecciones respiratoria agudas en los trabajadores sanitarios.
Resultados: Se produjeron un total de 145 bajas laborales durante el periodo estudiado; de ellas 45 fueron por infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA). Se perdieron 165 jornadas de trabajo por IRA y de esas jornadas tan sólo 33 (19,4 %) correspondían a profesionales sanitarios que estaban vacunados, frente a 132 jornadas perdidas (80,6 %) que se correspondían a trabajadores que no lo estaban. La vacunación de la Gripe 2023/24 redujo en un 71,76 %, el riesgo de absentismo laboral por infecciones respiratoria agudas en trabajadores sanitarios.
Conclusiones: La vacunación frente a la Gripe reporta grandes beneficios; además de ser efectiva para prevenir la infección en los trabajadores sanitarios, reduce significativamente el absentismo laboral en periodos de alta incidencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas.
Zmieniająca się rola publiczności w kulturze wobec rozwoju nowych mediów i technologii cyfrowych
Authors: Plebańczyk Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

The development of new media and digital technologies is transforming everyday life, creating a dynamic and diverse culture of innovation. This has become an integral part of our daily existence, revolutionising the way we engage with culture, transforming us from passive recipients to active content creators, and blurring the traditional boundaries between broadcaster and audience, thereby challenging the notion that the broadcaster and audience have fixed roles that cannot intersect. Consequently, a shift in approach to new media as a space for culture and digital technologies for its creation becomes necessary. The role of the audience in culture is changing, linked to their participation and co-creation of cultural content. The issues concerning the audience’s role, its impact on the creation of new works or cultural events, and how new media and technologies are influencing the development of the audience have become the basis for conducting a qualitative review of the literature and focusing on understanding these issues in two areas of cultural activity – performing arts and visual arts (plastic arts), seeking examples where these phenomena can be observed. This review is inherently qualitative and selective, presenting examples that illustrate the phenomena mentioned.
Deteksi Dini dan Pencegahan Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus Pada Manula
Authors: Damayanti Dini Sri , Triliana Rahma
Published: August 2024

Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipe 2 merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang banyak ditemukan pada manula. Insiden kedua penyakit ini semakin lama semakin meningkat dan mempunyai morbiditas serta mortalitas yang tinggi seperti yang dialami masyarakat Desa Sidorahayu, Kecamatan Wagir Kabupaten Malang, insiden hipertensi di Desa Sidorahayu sebesar 28% dan 4,5% untuk DM tipe 2. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, maka tim FK Universitas Islam Malang (UNISMA) melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) yang bertujuan untuk melakukan tindakan promotive, preventif, dan kuratif terhadap penyakit hipertensi dan DM tipe 2 di Desa Sidorahyu. Kegiatan PkM ini terdiri dari penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi dan DM tipe 2 serta pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat melalui pemeriksaan kesehatan dan pengobatan penyakit. Pada akhir kegiatan dilakukan evaluasi, dan diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat kepuasan masyarakat Desa Sidorahayu terhadap pelaksanaan PkM  ini lebih dari 97%.