bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los amparos médicos en la jurisprudencia uruguaya reciente
Authors: Risso Ferrand Martín , Pintos Casañas Emanuel , Lores Ana , Brun Martina , Cantero Luzmarina , Charamelo Blanca , Paullier Antonella , Pereira Pons Agustina , Rodríguez Ayelén , Rodríguez María Belén , Ventura Lucas
Published: September 2024

A los efectos de completar dos investigaciones anteriores referidas a acciones de amparo, pero excluyendo en aquellas oportunidades a los que tenían por objeto la obtención de medicamentos o tratamientos especiales, se relevó la jurisprudencia de primera y segunda instancia de Montevideo de los comúnmente llamados “amparos médicos” en los últimos dos años. Se partió de resultados claramente desalentadores respecto al funcionamiento de esta garantía constitucional e internacional, y se llegó a una situación sorprendente: así como las acciones de amparo son mayoritariamente rechazadas por los tribunales, con los amparos médicos ocurre lo contrario. Se intentó encontrar algunas causas de estas diferencias de criterios.
Communicating the uncertainties associated with genetic biocontrol approaches: insights from communicators, science journalists and scientists in Africa
Authors: Tonui Willy Kiprotich , Ogoyi Dorington , Thuo Caroline , Tareh Cyrus , Alukhaba Cecilia Lubanga , Ouedraogo Arouna , Massouroudini Akoudjin , Regine Amelie Wamba Ndongmo , Ogbaki Agbonma Gloria , Andae Gerald , Rotich Gilbert , Kipkoech Andrew , Omungo Rosalia
Published: September 2024

Genetic biocontrol approaches, such as gene drive technology is rapidly gaining interest from scientists and public health professionals due to their potential to overcome many challenges of current malaria control tools and strategies. This is particularly the case in Africa where the burden of malaria is most significant. Uncertainty exists about whether these approaches will work, how effective they might be, who is controlling them, and potential unintended consequences for human health and the environment. Therefore, efforts to enhance the understanding of genetic engineering and biotechnology are needed, to ensure that accurate information about this technology is disseminated in the media by science communicators including the journalists and scientists. In this practice insight, we review the outcomes from workshops and courses hosted by the African Genetic Biocontrol Consortium aimed at equipping communicators and journalists with skilful techniques to proficiently articulate the uncertainties associated with genetic biocontrol interventions to the African public. we discuss the gaps and provide insight on how communicators can address some of the basic challenges of developing effective communication and decision-making for genetic biocontrol approaches in Africa.
Las tareas de la filosofía de la biología (vistas desde Iberoamérica)
Authors: Caponi Gustavo
Published: September 2024

Desconfiando de propuestas rupturistas o refundacionales, la Filosofía de la Biología debe dar continuidad a estas seis tareas que ella ya viene cumpliendo: [1] La reflexión metateórica; [2] El esclarecimiento epistemológico de los desarrollos teóricos más actuales de las ciencias de la vida; [3] Los estudios histórico-epistemológicos; [4] El apoyo a la didáctica y a la divulgación de la Biología; [5] La vigilancia epistemológica de los desarrollos biotecnológicos y biomédicos; y [6] El desenmascaramiento de los usos y sesgos ideológicos que pueden afectar al discurso de las ciencias biológicas y biomédicas en general. Esa agenda no excluye el planteo de problemas aún no discutidos, ni la reapertura de polémicas quizá prematuramente cerradas. La Filosofía de la Biología hecha en el mundo iberoamericano muestra muy bien el tipo de problemas que el cumplimiento de esas tareas lleva a plantear.
Las máquinas como organismos: de objetos proxy a herramientas epistémicas (y al revés)
Authors: Esposito Maurizio
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo pretendo reflexionar sobre las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo se han relacionado histórica y epistémicamente artefactos mecánicos y entidades orgánicas?, y ¿Cuál es el significado filosófico de dicha relación? Comienzo sosteniendo que, antes de explorar la naturaleza de esta relación, es preciso preguntarse qué se entiende por la noción de “máquina”. Argumentaré que, históricamente, podemos rastrear dos concepciones genéricas de máquina: una antropocéntrica y otra no antropocéntrica. Muestro que la primera es la más antigua y fundamenta la segunda. Como ejemplo paradigmático de concepción antropocéntrica, exploro la noción de máquina de Karl Marx que recuperó del ingeniero mecánico Charles Babbage. En la tercera sección de este trabajo expondré tres sugerencias filosóficas que podemos derivar de las reflexiones de Babbage y Marx y que considero todavía instructivas. En la conclusión, propongo que la investigación sobre la relación histórica y epistémica entre máquinas, cuerpos orgánicos y trabajo tiene una relevancia primordial para esclarecer aquellas discusiones que pretenden hallar identidades o diferencias entre organismos y máquinas genéricas.
The Symbolism of the Cherry Orchard: Between a Commercial Project, a Manor and a Dacha
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Skorokhodov Maxim V.
Published: September 2024

The widespread of cherry orchards in different regions of Russia and vaious locations (landowners’ estates, peasants’ plots, inns, cemeteries, Soviet-era dachas, etc.) was reflected in the works of fiction by Russian writers, as well as in their diary entries and epistolary heritage. The article considers the works of Alexei K. Tolstoy, Lev Mey, Anton Chekhov, Ivan Bunin, Boris Zaitsev, Sergey Esenin, Marina Tsvetaeva, and other authors who formed the symbolism of the cherry orchard. Since the cultivation of seedlings and adult trees with skillful but not very burdensome care was commercially effective, the cherry orchard symbolized prosperity and prosperity. The cherry harvest allowed the owners to show their hospitality: they treated their guests to various culinary products made of berries and liqueurs. Thanks to Chekhov, the cherry orchard became one of the symbols of the traditional Russian estate, and its death symbolized the destruction of the conservative world order. Cherry orchards testified to the domestication of the landscape.
On the Creative History of the Solemn Sermons by Metropolitan Stefan Yavorsky
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasheninnikova Olga A.
Published: September 2024

Questions of the creative history of the homiletic heritage of Metropolitan Stefan Jaworski remain unexplored. The study of the unique manuscript of the first quarter of the 18th century and its comparison with later versions of solemn tales allowed us to conclude that the author undertook a significant content, stylistic, and lexical editing of the pieces. A comparative textual analysis of the lifetime autograph and later versions of sermons suggested that the author’s revision of the original draft could have been carried out by Metropolitan Stephen in the period from 1711 to 1718, during his preparation for publication of a collection of the most significant victory tales of the first decade of the 18th century. After Yavorsky’s death, Gabriel Buzhinsky collected and copied Yavorsky’s laudatory sermons, which gave researchers reason to assume that he was the editor and compiler of this collection. However, our textual analysis of the versions convincingly proved that Buzhinsky was not the editor of Yavorsky’s work but apparently relied on the versions of the sermon texts already edited by the author.
On “New Lyrical Experiments” by M. N. Muravyov
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivinskiy Aleksandr D.
Published: September 2024

The article examines “New Lyrical Experiences” by M. N. Muravyov. This collection, written in 1776 and kept in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library, consisted of eight odes and was only partially published by L. I. Kulakova. This research introduces two of Muravyov’s texts into scientific circulation: “The Third Ode. On the Triumph of Peace in 1775” and “The Seventh Ode. To N. A. Lvov.” These works allow us to approach the reconstruction of the author’s idea, which, from our point of view, consisted in rethinking the contemporary odic tradition and charting ways to reform the genre. Each ode was an experience of parodying the techniques of famous authors: M. V. Lomonosov, M. M. Kheraskov, V. P. Petrov, I. I. Chemnitzer, N. A. Lvov, etc. Thus, Muravyov laid claim to the role of a major modern poet and showed that the usual ode’s images and techniques were outdated. Apparently, when Muravyov created this group of odes-parodies, he focused on the “Russian” odes of Voltaire, written in 1760–1770.
The Image of St. Petersburg in A. I. Herzen’s Letters in 1839
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Kuzmina Marina D.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the December 1839 letters of A. I. Herzen, which he wrote from St. Petersburg, having arrived there for the first time and spent ten days there. The main topic of discussion in these letters was the northern capital. In the eyes of Herzen in 1839, St. Petersburg appears as a city of European culture, which he recognizes as “his own” and enthusiastically accepts. The writer is fascinated by certain loci (the Hermitage, the theater, the Bronze Horseman, etc.) and certain people (V. A. Zhukovsky, V. G. Belinsky). On the other hand, St. Petersburg appears to Herzen as an anomalous and infernal, a space that is fundamentally “alien” to him (with a cold high society, an indifferent “crowd” of “outsiders,” unfavorable weather and climate conditions), causing him horror and rejection. The image of the northern capital created by the writer is an organic part of the St. Petersburg text of Russian literature.
Excel Solver and What-If Analysis: Optimizing Tax Refunds Involving Education Credits and Scholarships
Authors: Axelton Zhuoli , Boneck Robin , Lee Jonathan E.
Published: September 2024

This case teaches students advanced Excel modeling functions and analytic tools like Solver and What-If Analysis. The case scenario involves preparation of a student tax return that focuses on minimizing federal income tax liability by utilizing education credits and reporting scholarships as taxable income. Solver is used to determine the optimal allocation of non-tuition-based scholarships or grants as taxable income. What-If Analysis is then used to demonstrate how a practitioner might illustrate the tax outcomes and plans in different scenarios. Additionally, critical thinking and analysis are required of students to explain how additional income affects both nonrefundable and refundable credits to find the best outcome for the client. Considering that the current CPA evolution curriculum focuses more on analytical skills, tax planning, and personal financial planning, students will benefit academically, professionally, and personally from the knowledge and skills learned in this case.

JEL Classifications: A22; H24; K34.
Principal Investigator Perspectives on the Effects of COVID-19 on their NSF-Funded International Research Projects with Students in 2020
Authors:   Tulane University, Mitchell Brian , Hoare Jessica ,   Tulane University
Published: September 2024

A web-based survey of 103 principal investigators (PIs) of NSF-funded international research training programs administered in late 2020 revealed that over 640 undergraduate and graduate student researchers were unable to participate in international research projects as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020. Nevertheless, PIs did not generally suspend applications or seek re-budgeting of travel funds. Some research activities were able to continue without the international travel component such as data analysis, lab work, and publication preparation. Follow-up interviews with 12 PIs revealed that virtual activities such as webinars, workshops, and networking events were implemented as a substitute for research and cultural experiences abroad with the goal of keeping students engaged until travel can resume. The disproportionate impact of these virtual substitute activities on students from disadvantaged backgrounds is not known.
Ikääntyvien tuen tarpeiden tunnistaminen ja niihin vastaaminen etsivässä vanhustyössä
Authors: Ruotsalainen Suvi , Tiilikainen Elisa
Published: September 2024

Etsivä vanhustyö ja sen tarve ovat olleet viime vuosina eri tavoin esillä, mutta aihetta käsittelevä tieteellinen tutkimus Suomessa on ollut toistaiseksi vähäistä. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan etsivää vanhustyötä ikääntyvien tuen tarpeiden tunnistamisen ja niihin vastaamisen näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen aineistona ovat etsivää ja löytävää vanhustyötä tekevien sekä kehittävien työntekijöiden ryhmähaastattelut, joita analysoitiin refleksiivistä temaattista analyysiä hyödyntäen. Työntekijöiden kerronnasta tunnistettiin ikääntyvien elämäntilanteisiin liittyvän tiedon keskeinen merkitys etsivässä vanhustyössä. Tämä yhdistettiin toisen tiedon käsitteeseen, jota sovellettiin tutkimuksessa. Tulosten mukaan etsivä vanhustyö jäsentyy toisen tiedon tavoittamiseksi, sen huomioon ottamiseksi ja sillä haastamiseksi. Tutkimus lisää ymmärrystä etsivästä vanhustyöstä ja sen käytännöistä ja tarjoaa uudenlaisen tavan jäsentää etsivää vanhustyötä osana palvelujärjestelmää. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää etsivän vanhustyön ja eri toimijoiden välisen yhteistyön kehittämisessä sekä ikääntyvien palveluja koskevassa päätöksenteossa.
Identifying and meeting the needs of older people in outreach work for older adults
In recent years, outreach work for older adults and its need have been highlighted in different ways, but so far there is little scientific research on the subject in Finland. This article examines outreach work for older adults from the point of view of identifying and meeting the needs of older people. The data consists of focus groups held for employees who work and develop outreach work for older adults, and it was analyzed by utilizing reflective thematic analysis. In the employees’ narratives, the importance of knowledge based on the individual life situations of older people was identified as a core part of outreach work for older adults. This was connected with the concept of second knowledge that was applied in the study. As a result of the analysis, outreach work for older adults is structured as reaching second knowledge that is constructed through the life situations of older people and as taking that knowledge into account as well as using it to challenge service system. The study increases understanding of outreach work for older adults and its practices and provides a new way to structure outreach work for older adults as part of the service system. The results can be used in the development of collaboration between outreach work for older adults and different actors and in decision-making concerning services for older people.
前言：AI科技與生命倫理學
Authors: 張 穎
Published: September 2024

人工智慧 (AI) 對醫學－生命倫理學的影響是當今不可忽視的話題，亦是頗有爭議的話題。自2007年以來，美國IBM的華生醫生(Dr. Watson) 通過認知運算 (Cognitive Computing)，從事疾病　的早期發現、治療方法及新藥研發等工作。近幾年，AI科技得到突飛猛進的發展，其機器學習演算法 (machine learning algorisms) 持續對人類社會帶來前所未有的改變。AI工具如OpenAI公司的ChatGPT、Sora，微軟的“必應”(Bing)，穀歌的“巴德”(Bard) 以及醫療大模型 (PaLM2)。高級自然語言處理模型的出現，掀起　了通過人工智慧聊天機器人收集資訊、回答醫療問題的新浪潮。美國加州大學聖地亞哥分校神經生物學教授泰倫斯．塞諾夫斯基 (Terrence J. Sejnowski) 在一次有關人工智慧未來展望的會議上明確指出，“人工智慧的最新進展似乎是革命性的，但我們才剛剛起步——未來超出了我們有限的想像範圍。”(Sejnowski,“GPT: From Brains to the Talking Dog”)。目前人工智慧在中國的發展亦是與日俱增，其未來的發展問題以及其背後的倫理思考愈來愈受到學者的關注，是否運用AI技術建構的人工智慧系統的問題已經轉向如何運用AI技術建構的人工智慧系統的問題。(撮要取自內文首段)
人工智慧時代醫患關係的“關懷”倫理構建
Authors: 肖 巍 , 高 然 , 陳 珊
Published: September 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
隨著21世紀以來的科技發展進步，人類正在進入一個“人機物”三元融合的萬物智能互聯時代。人工智慧（AI）和大數據已經對人們對醫患關係的傳統認知提出挑戰。在生命倫理學領域，如何闡釋醫患關係問題已不是簡單的概念討論和爭辯，而關乎到AI時代醫生職業精神的塑造、醫學發展向善的價值導向與實錢，以及醫學人文精神與和諧社會的追求。國内學者一直對醫患關係性質問題爭論不休，美國倫理學家雅克．蒂洛等人也概括出醫患倫理關係的三個形式。然而，這些討論和形式都存在某種程度的不足。儒家和女性主義關懷倫理學都屬於“關懷”倫理，基於這兩種理論資源，醫患關係可以理解為一種關懷關係，並可以通過關係自主性和生命共同體理念進行構建。
The rapid progress of science and technology in the 21st century has ushered humanity into an era characterized by the intelligent interconnectedness of all entities through the tripartite integration of humans, machines, and objects. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data has posed challenges to conventional perceptions of physician–patient relationships. Within bioethics discourse, interpreting such relationships is now more important than mere conceptual deliberation, as it can help to shape the professionalism of physicians in an AI-driven age. In addition, such interpretation can align medical development with ethical values aimed at fostering a humanistic spirit within healthcare practices to help build a harmonious society. Domestic scholars have been engaged in debates concerning this issue, and the American ethicist Jacques Paul Thiroux and others have proposed three models for the ethical interactions between physicians and patients. However, these discussions exhibit some limitations. Confucian ethics alongside the feminist ethics of care can contribute to what can be termed “care” ethics. Leveraging these theoretical foundations allows us to perceive physician–patient relations as inherently caring and as able to be cultivated through notions such as relational autonomy within communal living.
Manipulative potential of cognitive distortions in advertising texts
Authors: Kuznetsova Irina Aleksandrovna , Glukhova Elena Sergeevna
Published: September 2024

The need to increase the awareness of the media addressee in connection with the significant influence of media discourse on public consciousness determines the relevance of this research. The article deals with the consideration of cognitive biases and their use in manipulative purposes in advertising texts on the Internet. A review of scientific research on this topic is carried out, their various classifications of cognitive biases are given. The occurrence of cognitive biases in media discourse at different stages from the moment of creation by the addresser of the message is analyzed. The research material is selected from Russian-language and English-language advertisements on the Internet. The main research methods are the method of interpretation, including the assessment of cognitive biases embedded in examples, the identification of their intentions, the method of discourse analysis and critical analysis of discourse. It is shown that in the considered advertising texts, the addresser intentionally provokes the occurrence of cognitive biases in the addressee. In turn, cognitive biases are created through the activation of such linguocognitive mechanisms as focusing, imagining in its subclass as positivization, framing, metaphorization. The authors come to the conclusion that cognitive biases have manipulative potential, affects the addressee suggestively, therefore, it should be studied as a deep cognitive part of speech influence.
An Integrative Approach in Learning Islamic Religious Education at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School of Muhammadiyah Sindue
Authors: Masnun Masnun , Pettalongi Adawiyah , Rustina Rustina
Published: September 2024

This research aims to understand how integrative strategies are used in Islamic learning at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School of Muhammadiyah Sindue, with a focus on its practical implications. The problem is how to implement an integrative approach, the success of its implementation, and the factors that influence the integrative approach in learning Islamic religion at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School of Muhammadiyah Sindue. This research uses a descriptive, qualitative approach, which describes events and phenomena that occur in the field and presents data systematically, factually, and accurately. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The author uses triangulation techniques and sources to check the validity of the research data. Data analysis in this research uses four techniques: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. This research shows no fundamental difference in implementing the teaching and learning process using an integrative strategy with other strategy styles, only that the approach emphasizes applying moral values and different character traits. The teacher's successful implementation of the integrative approach was quite good, and the students' responses were good. The approach was constructive in the process, but there were still obstacles in the learning techniques, which could be seen from the students' responses that had yet to be fully achieved. The factors that influence the implementation of the Integrative Approach, namely the supporting factors, are the response of pretty good students and the teaching staff or, in this case, professional educators. In contrast, the obstacle is the relatively short duration of time, so in the learning process, the application of moral values becomes limited. An Integrative Approach to Learning Islamic Religious Education It is important to apply an approach emphasizing moral values or manners. Students get lessons following the existing curriculum and the bonus of instilling good Islamic values in their lives.
Mapping the literature of electric vehicle purchase intention and consumer behavior: A bibliometric analysis of Scopus database (2010–2023)
Authors: Zheng Chuan , Khamarudin Munirah , Ahmad Azanin
Published: September 2024

This study systematically examines the literature of electric vehicle (EV) purchase intention and consumer behavior using a bibliometric method to unveil three main research questions: 1) identifying influential publications, authors, and journals; 2) analyzing the thematic evolution of research over time; and 3) identifying emerging research directions. The main objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of knowledge and to guide future research in this evolving field. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted, using Scopus statistics analysis, R-Studio Biblioshiny and VOSviewer, comprising 687 publications authored by 1743 researchers representing 34 different countries with the dataset sourced from the Scopus database from 2010 to 2023. To achieve a nuanced understanding of the research landscape, a multifaceted approach was adopted, including detailed citation analysis, author co-citation analysis, keyword analysis, and thematic mapping. Through meticulous analysis, this study identifies the most influential publications, authors, and journals in the domain of EV purchase intentions and consumer behaviors. It also traces the evolution of themes over time and identifies emerging research directions, providing valuable insights into the trajectory and future avenues of inquiry within this field. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics shaping research in the realm of EVs. The insights gained contribute significantly to advancing knowledge in this crucial domain, offering theoretical insights and practical implications for policymakers, businesses, manufacturers, and academics.
Influence of education and acculturation on communication modernization of Akit isolated tribe fishermen in Riau, Indonesia: Government support as a mediator
Authors: Hendri Ridar , Yulinda Eni
Published: September 2024

The Akit tribe fishermen on Rupat Island, Riau, Indonesia, are a remote indigenous community with a low level of education. They have experienced cultural acculturation after the influx of outsiders and the government built road infrastructure to break the isolation. The government also provides internet facilities to speed up the process of modernizing communications between them. The research aim is to analyze the role of government support as a mediator in the influence of education and acculturation on communication modernization among Akit fishermen. The research used a survey method, involving 165 of the 763 Akit fishermen as respondents. This number determine used the Sample Size Calculator technique. Respondents were selected using a purposive random sampling technique. The variables studied consisted of education, acculturation, government support (as mediator), and communication modernization. Data collection was carried out through a closed questionnaire containing statements, which were measured with a 5-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling method with the help of SmartPLS 4 software. The research results show that acculturation and government support have a positive and significant influence on communication modernization, while education plays a negative influence. Government support as a mediator plays a positive and significant role in the influence of education on communication modernization, while it does not play any role in the influence of acculturation. The most implication of this research is that the government must further increase its role in organizing the acculturation process for Akit fishermen to accelerate the communication modernization process.
Transforming midwifery healthcare services in rural Indonesia: A comprehensive analysis of artificial intelligence integration
Authors: Ardan M. , Rahman Ferry Fadzlul , Noorbaya Siti , Alameka Faza , Johan Herni
Published: September 2024

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology has greatly facilitated access to information across various sectors, including healthcare services. This digital transformation demands enhanced knowledge and skills among healthcare providers, particularly in comprehensive midwifery care. However, midwives in rural areas face numerous challenges such as limited resources, cultural factors, knowledge disparities, geographic conditions, and technological adoption. This research aims to evaluate the impact of AI utilization on midwives’ knowledge and behavior to optimize the implementation of healthcare services in accordance with Delima Midwife Service standards in rural settings. The analysis encompasses competencies, characteristics, information systems, learning processes, and health examinations conducted by midwives in adopting AI. The research methodology employs a cross-sectional approach involving 413 rural midwives selected proportionally. Results from Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling indicate that all reflective evaluation variables meet the required criteria. Fornell-Larcker criterion demonstrates that the square root of AVE is greater than other variables. The primary findings reveal that information systems (0.029) and midwives’ competencies (0.033) significantly influence AI utilization. Furthermore, midwives’ competencies (0.002), characteristics (0.031), and AI utilization (0.011) also significantly impact midwives’ knowledge and behavior. Midwives’ characteristics also significantly affect their competencies (0.000), while midwives’ learning influences health examinations (0.000). Midwives’ knowledge and behavior affect the transformation of healthcare services in rural midwifery (0.022). The model fit results in a value of 0.097, empirically supporting the explanation of relationships among variables in the model and meeting the established linearity test.
Monitoring and control of steel truss arch bridge jacking construction
Authors: Zheng Xilong , Guan Di
Published: September 2024

Through the real-time monitoring of the internal force, alignment and suspender force in the process of bridge jacking construction, the measured data and theoretical calculation values obtained from the monitoring are compared and analyzed, and it is found that the measured data are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation values. The results show that through the analysis of the real-time monitoring data of the jacking process of the bridge, the measured stress values of the main beam are within the range of –40.79 MPa ~25.13 MPa, and the measured stress of the main arch is within –40.33 MPa ~16.06 MPa, which does not exceed the allowable stress range of the steel in the jacking process, and the structure is safe. The measured elevation of the line is in good agreement with the theoretical elevation, and the deviation is mostly less than 5 mm, and the maximum deviation does not exceed the limit value of 8mm. The difference between the measured cable force and the designed cable force in the stage of removing the temporary pier is very small, which does not exceed ±5% and meets the requirements of the specification. The research in this paper can provide a reference for the jacking construction of similar bridges.
Construction and simulation of a decision model for anti-slip restoration technology of asphalt pavement surface based on vehicle dynamics
Authors: Cheng Rui , Li Xinkai , Wang Lichao
Published: September 2024

Taking real-time and effective preventive maintenance measures on in-service roads can reduce traffic congestion, eliminate potential road safety hazards, and greatly reduce road maintenance costs. Therefore, based on the Persson friction theory, this study first determines the evaluation indicators for the anti slip ability of asphalt pavement. And based on vehicle dynamics and contact friction between tires and road surface, the anti-skid thresholds of road surfaces for different road conditions and vehicle models are solved through simulation. This study utilizes Python and neural network algorithms to establish a decision-making model for anti-slip recovery technology of asphalt pavement. The experiment shows that the model trained by Back Propagation neural network has high accuracy. The training accuracy of the model is stable at around 0.90, and the training loss value is around 0.34, which can be used for decision-making in anti slip recovery technology. When the speed is less than 60 km/h, the increase in the threshold of dynamic friction coefficient is significant. The maximum difference in growth rate is 47.9%. When the speed exceeds 60 km/h, the increase in the threshold of dynamic friction coefficient gradually slows down. Therefore, at lower speeds, it is more essential to consider the variable value of the dynamic friction coefficient. When the speed is high, more consideration needs to be given to its reference value. This study provides a scientific basis for ensuring that the anti slip ability of the road surface always meets the requirements of driving safety, and has important engineering practical value, economic and social benefits.
Experimental studies on metal-glass point connections with various configurations of mesh reinforcement
Authors: Kozłowski Marcin , Wasik Dominik , Cwyl Maciej
Published: September 2024

The paper deals with the phenomenon of post-breakage capacity in point-fixed laminated glass elements. It reports the results of an ongoing research project aimed at developing a reinforced point-fixed laminated glass element with locally embedded steel mesh. In total, 36 specimens (300 x 300 mm2º varying in the thickness of component panes (8, 10 and 12 mm) and the diameter of the reinforcing inserts (75, 110 and 150 mm) were tested. The specimens comprised two toughened glass panes, an EVA Clear interlayer and a woven steel mesh consisting of wires (0.35 mm in diameter) at a spacing of 1 x 1 mm2. The tests were carried out in a spatial testing machine allowing the point connector to be loaded at an angle of 45 degrees. This way of loading the fastener corresponds to its loading condition in an actual application (e.g. a glass canopy with diagonal rods). All samples presented similar behaviour during testing. In the first phase, the relationship between the load and the displacement refers to the elastic response of the sample to the load. Following the glass failure, there is a sudden drop in the force due to the loss of tensile stiffness of fractured glass. After this stage, progressive degradation of the samples occurs due to further loading. In this phase, the force is initially increasing and stabilising – this point is considered an ultimate failure (in the post-breakage phase), and the experiment is terminated. For all test series, the reinforcement increases the post-breakage capacity.
Rotational restraint of cold-formed Z-purlins given by the trapezoidal sheeting with additional stiffening ribs
Authors: Gajdzicki Michał
Published: September 2024

The Eurocode 3-1-3 [1] provisions, according to which the rotational restraint of a cold-formed Z-purlin given by the sheeting has to be determined, set out guidelines for the first-generation trapezoidal sheets only in strictly defined cases, and for the second-generation sheets there are no guidelines at all. In the experimental tests presented in this paper, values of stiffness CD were determined in the case where trapezoidal sheeting with additional stiffening ribs in the middle of each trough was used. Then, the obtained values were confirmed by numerical simulations. The cases when fasteners are located in each trough next to the intermediate stiffener (the 1+1 arrangement) or near the trapezoidal sheeting webs in every second trough (the 2+0 arrangement) were analyzed. Values of stiffness CD obtained from the experiments were also compared with CD values obtained on the basis of the Eurocode 3-1-3 provisions. As a result of the analyses carried out, several changes to the Eurocode 3-1-3 provisions were proposed. Values of the rotational coefficient C100 for cases not covered by Eurocode 3-1-3 were presented and, in addition, a modification of this coefficient for the 1+1 fastener arrangement under gravity loading was proposed.
Experimental research of pile toe resistance in natural conditions
Authors: Meyer Zygmunt , Siemaszko Paweł , Zarkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

The model presented in this paper was prepared to determine the pile toe resistance mobilization mechanism. Due to the fact, that skin resistance of piles was widely analyzed by the Authors in previous papers [1,2] which were based on both field and laboratory test results, currently the main focus is to describe the mobilization of pile toe resistance. The physical experimental model consists of a chamber measuring 2.2 m, 2.4 m and 6.0 m in width, length, and height, respectively, filled with cohesionless soil. The model has a hydraulic cylinder to apply force at the pile head and equipment to measure pile settlement with force mobilized at the pile base. The purpose of this research was to verify previously formulated methods referring to the M–K curves. Furthermore, the research allowed us to examine if the relationship between pile toe resistance and force applied at the pile head is linear. As a result of the tests, it was confirmed that for purposes of practical engineering calculations, the resistance of the pile toe can be described regarding the load, which is applied at the pile head. The description of this relationship is presented with M–K curve parameters.
Udomowienie Frani: jak pralka wirnikowa zmieniała rodziny, relacje z przedmiotami i prace domowe w realnym socjalizmie
Authors: Zalewska Joanna , Schmidt Filip , Skowrońska Marta
Published: September 2024

Głównym celem artykułu jest przetestowanie teorii udomowienia urządzeń w kontekście gospodarki realnego socjalizmu oraz rozwinięcie wiedzy o związkach między udomowieniem AGD a podziałem obowiązków domowych. Na podstawie historycznych danych GUS oraz 24 wywiadów diadycznych i 39 indywidualnych pogłębionych analizujemy udomowienie pralki wirnikowej w Polsce w środowisku wielkomiejskim. Pokazujemy, że forma etapów udomowienia pralki wirnikowej w PRL różni się od etapów udomowienia urządzeń w państwie kapitalistycznym opartym na gospodarce rynkowej. Odmienny był etap pierwszy – dostępność pralki była bodźcem wystarczającym do jej nabycia ze względu na oddziaływanie dyskursu postępu i gospodarkę niedoboru. Rozbudowany był etap ostatni, czyli przewalutowania, co można wiązać z gospodarką niedoboru i renaturalizacją konsumpcji. Pokazujemy również, że wymagające fizycznego wysiłku pranie we Frani sprzyjało podtrzymaniu charakteru prania jako wspólnego, rodzinnego rytuału i włączaniu w nie mężczyzn, podczas gdy upowszechnieniu pralki automatycznej towarzyszył zanik rytuału i przekazanie tej czynności w gestię kobiet.
The superior value of radiomics to sonographic assessment for ultrasound-based evaluation of extrathyroidal extension in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhu Hui , Luo Hongxia , Li Yanyan , Zhang Yuhua , Wu Zhijing , Yang Yan
Published: September 2024

Background

Extrathyroidal extension was related with worse survival for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. For its preoperative evaluation, we measured and compared the predicting value of sonographic method and ultrasonic radiomics method in nodules of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Patients and methods

Data from 337 nodules were included and divided into training group and validation group. For ultrasonic radiomics method, a best model was constructed based on clinical characteristics and ultrasonic radiomic features. The predicting value was calculated then. For sonographic method, the results were calculated using all samples.

Results

For ultrasonic radiomics method, we constructed 9 models and selected the extreme gradient boosting model for its highest accuracy (0.77) and area under curve (0.813) in validation group. The accuracy and area under curve of sonographic method was 0.70 and 0.569. Meanwhile. We found that the top-6 important features of xgboost model included no clinical characteristics, all of whom were high-dimensional radiomic features.

Conclusions

The study showed the superior value of ultrasonic radiomics method to sonographic method for preoperative detection of extrathyroidal extension in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, high-dimensional radiomic features were more important than clinical characteristics.
Language Maintenance in Polyglots from a Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Perspective: Research Results
Authors: Pellegrini C.
Published: September 2024

This paper aims at shedding light on two under-researched study fields: polyglotism and language maintenance in multilinguals from a psycholinguistic perspective. The theoretic lens for the latter is the holistic and Complex Dynamic System Theory perspective of the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism by Herdina & Jessner (2002). The issue of terminology around the terms multilingual, polyglot, and hyperpolyglot is outlined and a new definition for the term polyglot is offered. Terms like language lover and language enthusiast are also considered. A selection of the findings of the author’s doctoral thesis (2020) is presented. Data was gathered from participants in two international polyglot events in 2016 and 2017 with the help of a questionnaire and a semi-structured expert interview. Eighteen polyglots were questioned. Among them were renowned polyglots like Richard Simcott, Alexander Argüelles, Helen Abadzi, Luca Lampariello, and Elisa Polese. Voice is given to the participants of this study in the form of excerpts from the interviews. Ample proof that considerable language maintenance effort is necessary to counteract the phenomenon of language attrition if not enough time and energy are invested in the multilingual psycholinguistic system was found. The perceived importance that polyglots attach to language maintenance is described. An emergent property, namely smart strategy orchestration of language acquisition, language maintenance, and language management strategies, was identified in experienced language learners such as polyglots. For the first time, language maintenance strategies were classified. These are the strategies that aim to maximize language use and to minimize the language maintenance effort. Affective, metacognitive, and psychological factors were found to play a significant role in language maintenance. The focus was laid on the love for languages and on motivation as the most impactful factors.
Eliciting Multilinguals’ Strategies in Studying Ancient Languages
Authors: Nikulicheva D.
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the ways polyglots study ancient languages. Understanding their methods helps to expand the inventory of effective linguo-didactic strategies. The relevance of this study is corroborated by the growing number of recent foreign publications devoted to the study of ancient languages by multilinguals. The introductory part of the article focuses on terminological differences between the concepts “polyglot” and “multilingual”. This issue is essential for selecting respondents participating in the study. Definitions of basic concepts are compared based on quantitative, value, ontological, teleological and behavioral criteria. The paper starts with the analysis of the interview with Maria Flaxman, a researcher of ancient Germanic languages. The discussion centers on how her experience of self-studying modern languages shaped her strategy for learning ancient languages. In the second part of the article the identified strategies are compared with the strategies of three other polyglots learning ancient languages. Altogether four polyglots (three men and one woman), who speak, in addition to many modern languages, several ancient languages (two to four languages), took part in the study. A comparison of their responses to a questionnaire, which included 21 points on quantitative and qualitative (age, period, value, behavioral and other) aspects, helped to reveal a number of general patterns, such as: ■ strong internal motivation; ■ the indispensable learning of Latin, regardless of the varying set of other ancient languages; ■ effectiveness of parallel study of modern and ancient languages; ■ the favorite ancient language for all respondents was the one in which they applied their individual strategies; ■ all respondents noted a reduction in the time it took to study their last ancient language compared to the first, as well as ■ the regularity of practicing these languages in the reading mode. The study, thus, makes a contribution to methods of acquiring ancient languages both within the framework of a university curriculum and in the process of self-study.
Expectativas dos professores diante da aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência
Authors: De Oliveira Francélio Ângelo , Leite Limaverde Gomes Adriana
Published: September 2024

Este artigo objetiva identificar as significações produzidas pelos professores com relação à inclusão escolar de alunos com deficiência, uma vez que para construir um fazer pedagógico inclusivo, é necessário atentar-se para os motivos e as significações que balizam as tomadas de decisões do professor em sala de aula. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, utilizaram-se os núcleos de significações viabilizados por meio da autoconfrontação simples e cruzada. A partir desse movimento metodológico, chegou-se ao núcleo de significação denominado “expectativa das professoras diante da aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência: significações e atuações”. Os resultados revelaram que a baixa expectativa dos professores quanto à aprendizagem dos estudantes com deficiência tem origem em construtos históricos que colocam esses estudantes na condição de descrédito e incapacitados de aprender.
EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NO BRASIL: INCLUSÃO COMO DIREITO UNIVERSAL
Authors: Souza Fernanda Florindo de , Malavasi Abigail , Navarro Larissa Gabrielle Ramos , Da Costa Michel
Published: September 2024

Esta produção é fruto de um estudo de cunho bibliográfico, no viés dos processos de inclusão no ambiente escolar. O objetivo é refletir sobre como ocorre, suas implicações e prospectos, assim a educação como um direito de todos, cumpre-se quando o sistema propicia formação plena, formação com socialização funcional, condições de acesso e permanência. Evidenciou o compromisso de quem faz a educação escolar, na busca por equidade, em ambiente escolar híbrido, no qual propicie a construção da cidadania ativa. Destaca-se a fundamentação legal, de tais primícias como um direito constitucional, de forma atrelada cito proposta educativa na qual corrobora, com o exercício de fato um ensino inclusivo. Destaca-se a importância da formação continuada dos professores nesse processo e qual caminho ela deve percorrer. Neste estudo, atrelam-se fundamentos teóricos e práticas docentes, fazendo uma leitura crítica e destacando algumas convergências entre ambas. O conceito de inclusão, nesta produção, refere a todo aquele posto à parte do processo educacional, de forma provisória ou permanente.
UMA ANÁLISE DAS DISCIPLINAS DO CICLO BÁSICO DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA DO IFPI CAMPUS PAULISTANA: DESEMPENHO ESTATÍSTICO, OBSERVAÇÕES E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Rodrigues Jean , Silva Junior João Batista Araujo da , Mota Ana Paula Araújo , Mota Lauro Araujo , Silva Dráulio Sales da , Leite Ana Carolina Rocha de Melo , Silveira Francisco Fernando , Nunes Rodolfo de Melo
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho, percepções e perspectivas das disciplinas fundamentais para a formação específica do curso de licenciatura em química: Física Básica, Biologia Básica, Cálculo I e Química Geral I. A análise de desempenho é crucial, pois as reprovações são um dos principais motivos de abandono do curso. Observou-se uma alta taxa de repetição em pelo menos uma das disciplinas entre os alunos. Biologia Básica teve o menor número de reprovações, enquanto Física Básica apresentou o maior. Embora os entrevistados também identifiquem Física Básica como a disciplina com mais reprovações repetidas, para muitos isso não parece ser mais um obstáculo para sua formação, especialmente para as primeiras turmas.
Involvement of Male Partners in Sustaining Interventions for Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Among Women with HIV
Authors: Malindi Fulufhedzani C. , Maputle Maria S.
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective

Although male partners are eager to support the implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programs, several obstacles prevent them from participating. The purpose of this study was to explore the support of male partners of HIV-positive women in sustaining the implementation of PMTCT interventions.

Methods

This study adopted a qualitative approach. The case study research design was used to generate an in-depth understanding of the factors that hinder male participation in PMTCT interventions. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to 20 sample participants. Data was collected from two focus group discussions and analyzed using open coding. Trustworthiness was achieved by credibility, transferability, and confirmability. Adherence to ethical principles was upheld.

Results

Findings revealed two themes, perceived practices that hinder the provision of support and perceived support provided to sustain PMTCT intervention during childbirth. Sustaining PMTCT interventions included how the male partner adheres to interventions that prevent the transmission of the virus, like consistent condom use, especially during breastfeeding, support in exclusive breastfeeding, adherence to ART, and limiting the use of cultural practices.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

The involvement of males in the interventions of PMTCT has been found to improve the sustainability of eliminating transmission of the virus to the baby. All clinics were recommended to be men user-friendly to encourage men to accompany their partners. Men are to be actively involved during decision-making and physical examination, where possible. Workshops and information-sharing sessions for men forums and community members on PMTCT interventions to be conducted.