bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scoping Review: Hubungan Tingkat Kebugaran Kardiovaskular dengan Gizi Lebih pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Gayatri Oryzafira , Nurmeliani Ratna , Suryani Yani Dewi
Published: August 2021

Gizi lebih saat ini telah menjadi masalah global, tidak hanya terjadi pada orang dewasa, tetapi juga pada anak dan remaja. Anak yang memiliki riwayat gizi lebih tetap mengalami gizi lebih ketika dewasa yang dapat memicu berbagai macam penyakit metabolik dan kardiovaskular yang berkaitan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui hubungan tingkat kebugaran kardiovaskular dengan gizi lebih pada anak usia sekolah berdasar atas penelitian-penelitian terdahulu. Metode penelitian ini yaitu scoping review dengan database yang digunakan adalah Google Scholar, Science Direct, dan Spinger Link dengan jumlah artikel yang didapat sebanyak 5.646 artikel. Hasil skrining pada artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi sebanyak 419 artikel dan kriteria eksklusi sebanyak 410 artikel. Setelah dilakukan telaah kritis, artikel yang di-review sebanyak sembilan artikel. Analisis dari sembilan artikel yang di-review menunjukkan bahwa anak dengan obesitas dan overweight meningkatkan risiko penurunan kebugaran kardiovaskular. Tingkat kebugaran anak gizi normal lebih tinggi daripada anak gizi lebih. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, yaitu anak gizi lebih memiliki tingkat kebugaran kardiovaskular yang rendah. Scoping Review: Relationship between Cardiovascular Fitness Levels and Over Nutrition School Age ChildrenOver nutrition has become a global problem, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. Children with a history of over nutrition continue to experience over nutrition as adults, which can support various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases associated with morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to examine the relationship between cardiovascular fitness levels and overnutrition among school-age children based on previous research. This research method is scoping review with the database used is Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Spinger Link with the number of articles obtained as many as 5,646 articles. The screening results for articles that matched the inclusion criteria were 419 articles, and the exclusion criteria were 410 articles. After conducting a critical review, nine articles were reviewed. An analysis of nine reviewed articles showed that obese and overweight children had an increased risk of decreased cardiovascular fitness. The fitness level of normal nutrition children is higher than children with over nutrition. This study concludes that children with over nutrition have a lower level of cardiovascular fitness. Scoping Review: Relationship between Cardiovascular Fitness Levels and Over Nutrition School Age Children
MODEL NONPARAMETRIC GWR UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI COD DAS MAHAKAM
Authors: Arles Clemensius , Sifriyani Sifriyani , Amijaya Fidia Deny Tisna
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKModel Regresi Spline Nonparametrik dengan Pembobot Geografis merupakan pengembangan model regresi nonparametrik untuk data spasial dengan estimator parameter bersifat lokal untuk setiap pengamatan yang di aplikasikan pada data spasial. Data penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Samarinda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan model pada data Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) di Daerah Aliran Sungai Mahakam Kalimantan Timur dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi COD di 28 titik pengambilan sampel pada DAS Mahakam tahun 2018. Pada Metode Regresi Spline Nonparametrik dengan Pembobot Geografis terdapat pemilihan titik knot optimum dengan menggunakan kriteria Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV) yang terkecil. Pembobot spasial yang digunakan adalah fungsi kernel bisquare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap COD di DAS Mahakam adalah Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Nitrit, dan tingkat keasaman pH. Kata Kunci: Chemical Oxygen Demand, Pembobot Geografis, GCV, Knot dan Spline
ANALISIS KUMULATIF COVID-19 PROVINSI PAPUA TAHUN 2020 MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DISTRIBUSI JOHNSON SB
Authors: Reba Felix , Sroyer Alvian
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus belongs to the coronaviridae family. The coronavirus family groups are alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ) and delta (δ) coronavirus. Although research related to covid-19 in several provinces in Indonesia has been conducted by several researchers so far there has been no research related to the Covid-19 model in Papua province. One of the obstacles faced by some researchers is related to the Covid-19 data parameters which are difficult to estimate, so that the model formulated could not describe the outbreak well. Therefore the aim of this study is to conduct a cumulative analysis of the 2020 Papua province Covid-19 using the Johnson SB distribution model. The methods used to perform the analysis are Kolmogorov Smirnov for testing the suitability of the Covid-19 data to the model, Johnson SB to show the data distribution model, Maximum Likelihood to estimate the parameters and the Johnson SB cumulative distribution function to describe the probability of Covid-19 data. 19 Papua Province in 2020. The secondary data on the number of Covid-19 cases in Papua, obtained from the Papua Provincial Health Office is used in this research. The results showed that, the highest increase in the number of patients every day, starting from September 1 2020 to October 31, 2020 for infected cases was on 16-17 September, by 274 patients. Meanwhile, most recovery (308 patients) happened to be on 30-31 October and the highest death (5 people) was on 27-28 September. The highest cumulative probability for cases of infection, recovery and death were (Confirmed <4965) = 0.3, Prob(Cured <6408) = 0.9 and Prob(died <91) = 0.4 respectively.
PEMODELAN GAMBAR MENGGUNAKAN COPULA GAUSSIAN DENGAN METODE PARTISI
Authors: Winarni Sri , Indratno Sapto Wahyu , Sari Kurnia Novita
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini memodelkan gambar menggunakan copula Gaussian. Metode pemodelan yang bersifat fleksibel karena tidak mensyaratkan distribusi normal pada nilai piksel gambar. Masalah kompleksitas komputasi yang disebabkan oleh dimensi data yang besar akan diatasi dengan metode partisi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini. Data training berupa gambar apel dipartisi menjadi empat bagian yang nantinya kaan menjadi variabel bebas dalam model copula Gaussian. Optimasi model dilakukan dengan metode maksimum likelihood dan didapatkan hasil model copula Gaussian dengan hyperparameter length scale 1. Metode partisi dapat mereduksi dimensi data sehingga mampu mengatasi permasalahan kompleksitasi komputasi.
Analisis dan Rancangan Sistem Fuzzy dalam Pengklasifikasian Tingkat Kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Sofyan Hizir , Fazmi Nuzul , Siregar Latifah Rahayu , Marzuki Marzuki , Iqbal Muhammad , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Published: August 2021

Logika fuzzy adalah salah satu metode kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence) untuk menangani permasalahan ketidakpastian. Logika fuzzy telah diaplikasikan dalam berbagai bidang ilmu, termasuk bidang ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi sistem fuzzy dalam mengklasifikasikan tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh dan mengetahui persentase tingkat kemiskinannya menggunakan rancangan sistem fuzzy. Kemiskinan merupakan keterbatasan kemampuan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup secara layak seperti keterbatasan dalam pendapatan, keterampilan, kondisi kesehatan, penguasaan aset ekonomi, ataupun akses informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fuzzy mamdani yang difokuskan pada pengklasifikasian tingkat kemiskinan. Data yang digunakan merupakan data hasil Survey Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) 2017 yang dilakukan oleh Badan Pusat STATISTIKA Journal of Theoretical Statistics and Its Applications (BPS). Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan 300 sampel adalah terdapat 54% rumah tangga dengan tingkat kemiskinan kategori Tidak Miskin, 21,7% rumah tangga dengan tingkat kemiskinan kategori Hampir Miskin, sedangkan 20,3% dan 4% masing-masing pada tingkat kemiskinan kategori Miskin dan Sangat Miskin.
Pemodelan Harga Cabai Merah Menggunakan Model ARIMA (Studi Kasus: Harga Cabai Merah di Kota Padang Periode Januari 2010 – Desember 2020)
Authors: Aktivani Sherly
Published: August 2021

Cabai merah merupakan komoditas sayuran yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi, karena peranannya yang cukup besar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan domestik sebagai komoditi ekspor dalam industri pangan.  Cabai merah juga merupakan salah satu komoditas yang termasuk dalam volatile food. Kenaikan harga komoditas cabai merah tersebut ketika dihitung secara parsial per komoditas, kontribusinya terhadap inflasi bulanan seringkali lebih unggul jika dibandingkan dengan komoditas lain dalam kelompok yang sama (Badan Pusat Statistik). Penelitian ini terpusat pada Kota Padang sebagai salah satu Kota Inflasi di Indonesia. Informasi naik turunnya harga cabai pada periode terdahulu diperlukan dalam  analisis pasar untuk meramalkan harga beli cabai demi mengantisipasi kenaikan dan penurunan harga cabai dimasa mendatang dan kontrol terhadap nilai inflasi. Metode peramalan yang digunakan peneliti dalam meramalkan harga cabai adalah ARIMA Box-Jenkins. Dari tahapan pembentukan model ARIMA harga cabai merah Kota Padang, dapat disimpulkan bahwa data belum memiliki varian yang konstan sehingga perlu dilakukan transformasi data. Model  ARIMA terbaik yang diperoleh setelah mean dan varians data stasioner yaitu AR(1,2)
BBC Allegedly Used Leave Campaigners Ideology to Frame EU Referendum
Authors: Randy David , Witarti Denik Iswardani
Published: August 2021

The news broadcasted on the BBC Great Debate places issues related to the referendum into two categories: our party (United Kingdom) and their party (European Union). According to Edelman’s news frame theory, BBC, through the BBC Great Debate program, creates specific perspectives by using particular words that influence the way audiences understand reality. This study explores the impact of the BBC ideology on frames of the EU referendum broadcasted on the BBC Great Debate and the changes in the Brits’ political attitudes. This research’s paradigm is constructivism with a qualitative approach, and the analytical method used is Edelman’s news frame analysis model. Based on the findings, despite numerous criticisms expressed by leading UK academics regarding BBC’s alignments with Leave campaigners in the first three months of the campaign, BBC continued to frame biased stories. The news packages broadcasted by the BBC were potentially designed to influence the Brits’ political decision, turning their vote from remain to leave the EU. However, a specific survey on the voters should be conducted to profoundly examine whether the BBC Great Debate had significantly changed their political decisions.
Identity and Interaction, A Glimpse into Persib WhatsApp Group
Authors: Yudhistira Dimas
Published: August 2021

Persib Bandung, an Indonesian professional football club, is the place where several identities are encountered. The specific place discussed in this article is a virtual place namely WhatsApp group. This research illustrates the form of virtual interaction among the players and managers. The interaction form is connected with the identity markers of the players. To illustrate the  form of interaction in Persib’s WhatsApp group, I interviewed Persib’s social media manager. The aim of the questions is to uncover the activities inside the group. It makes this is a qualitative research. From the interview session, the data in the form of narration are discussed with the theory of identity, interaction, and social to find a meaning behind player’s responses towards messages from managers. As a result, Persib’s WhatsApp group is designed as a medium where the instructions are given. It shows that players’ understanding is influenced by their identity. The article finds the identity markers like age, race and experience enables the players to be more active in the group. However, identity markers like performance, which is seen as a salient aspect in football, do not guarantee the players to be more engaging in WhatsApp group.
EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION IN DEVELOPING QUALITY MANAGEMENT MUHAMMADIYAH BEST ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BANDUNG
Authors: Ibrohim Iim , Mansyur Agus Salim , Syah Muhibbin , Ruswandi Uus
Published: August 2021

This research aims to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors of educational innovation implemented by SD Muhamadiyah 7 Kota Bandung. By identifying supporting and inhibiting factors, the implementation of the innovation program is hoped can be more successful. The research method that was used in this research was descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation study. Data analysis was performed by reducing data, displaying it, taking conclusions, verifying, analyzing, summarizing, and analyzing data. The research results show; supporting and inhibiting factors for educational innovation SD Muhammadiyah 7 Bandung City in developing the quality of school management, some are internal and external.
Management outcome of intestinal obstruction done by integrated emergency surgical officers and its associated factors in selected district hospitals of South Wollo Zone, North East Ethiopia in 2019 G.C
Authors: Sewunet Ademe , Afework Edmealem , Belachew Tegegne , Zemen Mengesha
Published: August 2021

Background: Intestinal obstruction (IO) is defined as a partial or complete blockage of the bowel that results in the failure of intestinal contents to pass through. It is a common cause of emergency surgical problems. IO has been the leading cause of acute abdomen in several African countries. Objective: To assess surgical management outcome of intestinal obstruction by IESO professionals and its associated factors of intestinal obstruction in surgically treated patients at South Wollo zone. Method: A cross-sectional study was done on 216 patients ‘the data was collected from medical cards of the patient by using a pretested data abstraction format. Three nurses were involved in the process of data collection. The collected data was cleaned, coded and analyzed by SPSS version 23 statistical package. First descriptive statics was done for categorical and analyzed using frequencies and percentage. Multivariable logistic regression models was used to determine the association factors on the management outcome of intestinal obstruction when p - value < 0.05 and the strength of statistical association was measured by adjusting odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was taken at p - value < 0.05. Results: From all study participants about 177 (82%) of them had good surgical outcome. Study participants who were managed by 1-3 years of work experience of IESO {(p = 0.004, AOR (95% CI) = 7.2[1.89, 27.68]}, preoperatively diagnosed as small bowel obstruction {(p = 0.001, AOR (95% CI) = 4.5[1.91, 10.40], Surgery conducted at day time {(p = 0.03, AOR (95% CI) = 2.8[1.06, 7.16]} had shown positive association with management outcome of intestinal obstruction conducted by IESO professionals. Conclusion and recommendation: Majority patients with intestinal obstruction had good surgical outcome done by IESO professionals. Year of experience of IESO Workers, preoperative diagnosis and time of surgery of the respondents had shown positive association for the occurrence of chronic liver disease whereas. In this study we can conclude that surgeries of intestinal obstruction conducted by IESO professionals are as good as intestinal obstruction surgeries conducted by physicians so there is a need to train more IESO professionals to deliver decentralized surgical service for rural areas.
Ultrasound evaluation of the temporomandibular joint in healthy children and adolescents
Authors: ARIÖZ HABİBİ Hatice , BAYRAMOĞLU Zuhal , ÇALIŞKAN Emine , ÖZTÜRK Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate normative values of the distance between the most lateral point of the articular capsule and the most lateral point of the mandibular condyle (LCCD), in children and adolescents. Since the disc is not always visible on ultrasound, LCCD measurement is a very practical indirect indicator for evaluating TMJ.Methods: This prospective study evaluated 141 temporomandibular joints distance of 141 pediatric individuals with a median age of 9 years (5-13) for boys and 11 years (6.5-14) for girls, comprising 69 boys and 72 girls. LCCD measurements were made with the participants in the closed mouth position, and the relationship of these values with weight, height, age, gender and body mass index (BMI) was evaluated.Results: Median LCCD values in age groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than the age group 1 (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between median LCCD values in age group 2 and age group 3 (p=0.5). No significant difference was found among the median LCCD values of the males 1.5 mm (1.2-1.8) and females 1.4 mm (1.1-1.6).Conclusion: LCDD values increased with age, but no significant difference shown among the genders. However, a negative relation was detected with BMI. This study provides the normative quantitative values of TMJ distance which could be a reference point for upcoming studies. US is a diagnostic method that can be used in the follow-up and screening of children with TMD risk and general population. Since it does not include radiation, it can be safely repeated.
Direito à soberania alimentar e proteção à sociobiodiversidade no capitalismo rentista
Authors: Silva Maria Beatriz Oliveira da , Guerra Clarissa De Souza
Published: August 2021

A presente pesquisa tem como fim explicitar a interrelação entre a soberania alimentar e a preservação da sociobiodiversidade. Da mesma forma, busca demonstrar as contradições e os entraves à garantia do direito à soberania alimentar na realidade do capitalismo rentista que se orienta exclusivamente ao lucro.
The Bonnet and the Beret in Medieval and German Renaissance Art
Authors: Stadtlober Margit
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an art-historic contribution, examining the bonnet and the beret as characteristic forms of female and male headdresses and their manifold variations and oriental origins. Both types of head coverings are shaped by sociocultural attitudes and evolved in form. Embedded within the wider context of clothing they also, in turn, influence social norms and attitude. Examining their history and genesis also reveals and raises gender-specific perspectives and questions. The depiction and representation of the bonnet and beret during two defining periods in the visual arts, incorporating role-play and creativity, present a considerable knowledge transfer through media. First instances of gender-specific dress codes can be traced back to the Bible and therefore Paul’s rules for head covering for women in 1 Cor 11,2-16 is intensively debated. The following chapter will trace and illustrate the history of female and male head coverings on the example of various works of art. The strict rules outlined in 1 Corinthian 11 prescribing appropriate head coverings in ceremonial settings, which had a significant and lasting impact, have in time been transformed through the creative freedom afforded by the mundanity of fashion.
The Headscarf as a Discursive Battlefield
Positions of the Current Discourse on Muslim Veiling in Austria and Germany
Authors: Malli Gabriel
Published: August 2021

Practices of Muslim female veiling are a frequent object of concern in the political debate in Austria and Germany. Reviewing current empirical and theoretical literature on the issue, I will try to trace relevant positions of the current debate employing a theoretical framework based on poststructuralist discourse theory. As I want to show, dominant discursive positions frequently refer to the oppressive element of the headscarf, understand it as opposed to shared ‘Western’ values or interpret it as an element of a process of Islamisation. Other, often marginalised speakers try to constitute veiling as a matter of freedom of religion, as a spiritual endeavour or as an act of resistance. Many of the positions represented in the public discourse, I argue, tend to overlook the variety of experiences Muslim women face at the intersection of various forms of dominance, and make invisible some of the multiple layers of meaning the practice of veiling is imbued with.
Evaluation of Animal Rescue Activities in Tekirdağ City, Turkey
Authors: YARDIMCI Mehmet
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the response readiness for disasters based on the current animal rescue activities performed in Tekirdağ city. The material of this research contained the data of the animal rescue operations in Tekirdağ in 2019 and 2020. Results showed that a total of 2201 (82.7%) animals were saved in 2663 operations while 251 (9.4%) animals couldn’t be saved in 2020. The average intervention time was around half an hour. The majority of the animals (2118; 79.5%) were released to nature while some of the others were handed over to the owner (24; 0,9%), delivered to the local veterinarian (31; 1.2%), to the shelter (35; 1.3%) or Forestry Waterworks (1; 0.04%). Nothing was done to the rest (454; 17.1%) because they were not found, inaccessible or found dead. This study emphasizes the need for a standardized monitoring system with appropriate data routinely collected from all rescue groups. International standards should be adopted by providing correct information to the rescue teams of each district. In this context, readiness, response and recovery stages should be first developed at the local level and applied to large events for better incident management.
Analysis of companion animal clinics in Istanbul in terms of some physical structures, technical equipment, patients and management
Authors: BALABAN Canberk , GÜNEŞ Halil
Published: August 2021

With the increasing in companion animal (pet) adoption in the recent years, clinics are now becoming businesses enterprises. In parallel with this increase in ownership, a significant number of veterinarians have started to choose companion animal area. According to records there is a total of 7915 ministry licensed enterprises in Turkey (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 2021a) and 749 of them are established in Istanbul (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 2021b). For this reason, Istanbul has been determined as the study site. In this research, it is aimed to determine the physical structures, technical equipment, patient distribution and to analyze the business activities and problems encountered of the companion animal veterinary clinics in Istanbul. Survey studies were conducted mostly face-to-face (96%) in 225 clinics in Istanbul between April 2019 and April 2021. At the end of the research, it was determined that the majority of the clinics in Istanbul were 100-200 square meters in size, single storey, with 1 examination room. In addition, 96,0% of the clinics are rental and 74,2% of which are sole corporation. In terms of investment, all clinics has a microscopic examination set. Vast majority (95.0%) have X-ray devices and 87.0% analysers. In terms of patient distribution, cats represents 61.9% and dogs represents 33.0%. In the age distribution, those between the ages of 2-5 constitute the largest group for both cats and dogs. The most common reason for the first visit is vaccination with 39.6%. With the research, it has been observed that clinics are generally small-medium in size (81,3%) and independent clinics. The fact that large and chain enterprises are almost non-existent causes both the amount of investment and the expenditure required for promotional activities to be high. From this point of view, it is clearly seen that clinics should become more professional enterprises. In order to do that veterinarians always try to improve business and administrative capabilities by attending to training events.
Sınıf öğretmenlerinin Türkçe dersi etkinliklerine yönelik algıları
Authors: KESİK Cengiz , CİĞERCİ Fatih Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin Türkçe dersi etkinliklerine yönelik algılarını belirleyip, bu algıları farklı değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama yöntemine göre desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemine göre ■(-@+) 0.10 örnekleme hatası ile Şanlıurfa ilinde görev yapmakta olan 117 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak demografik bilgi testi ve “Türkçe Dersi Etkinliklerine Yönelik Algı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız gruplar için t-testi ve ilişkisiz örneklemler için Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda sınıf öğretmenlerinin Türkçe dersi etkinliklerine yönelik algılarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin Türkçe dersi etkinliklerine yönelik algıları farklı değişkenler açısından incelendiğinde ise mesleki kıdemleri, yaşları, eğitim düzeyleri ve okuttukları sınıf düzeyleri Türkçe dersindeki etkinliklere yönelik algıları üstünde etkili olurken; devlet ilkokulu veya özel ilkokulda çalışmaları, mezun oldukları lisans programı ve mesleki gelişim faaliyetlerine katılma durumları Türkçe dersindeki etkinliklere yönelik algıları üstünde etkili olmamıştır. Elde edilen bu sonuçlara dayalı olarak etkinlik bağlamında sınıf öğretmenlerine yönelik düzenlenecek mesleki gelişim faaliyetlerinin iyi planlanması, ileri yaş ve kıdeme sahip sınıf öğretmenlerinin derslerinde etkinlikler yapmaları yönünde teşvik edilmesi, sınıf öğretmenlerinin akademik kariyer yapmaları yönünde fırsatlar sağlanması ve ilkokul 1.sınıf ile 2.sınıf düzeyinde Türkçe derslerinde daha fazla etkinlik yapılması önerilmektedir.
Sustaining Solutions in Undergraduate STEM Education
Authors: Tratras Contis Ellene , Abdallah Batoul
Published: August 2021

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) programs that attract and sustain student interest feature learning that is experiential, investigative, hands-on, personally significant to both students and faculty, connected to other inquiries, and suggestive of practical application to students’ lives. Such learning flourishes in a community in which faculty are committed equally to teaching, to maintaining their own intellectual vitality, and to partnering with students in learning, and in which institutional support for such a community exists. The Creative Scientific Inquiry Experience (CSIE) Program at Eastern Michigan University (EMU) is involved in retaining and increasing the number of STEM graduates by including faculty professional development, student connectedness to the sciences and mathematics through academic service-learning, and curricular reform. In this conference paper we report on the success of the CSIE program, including course development, student engagement, student success, especially among underserved students, and sustainability. This work is important because it offers insight into the development, sustainability, and scalability into faculty-driven STEM education reform spanning 15 years. Keywords: STEM education, retention strategies, undergraduate STEM, majors/non-majors
ETIOLOGY OF STUDENTS FAIL TO COMPLETE DOCTORATE DEGREE WITHIN STIPULATED TIME
Authors: Irshad Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Doctorate degree so-called doctor of philosophy (PhD) is amiably recognized as remarkable postgraduate qualification so far.  In the walk of technological advancement and globalization the demand of doctorate degree can’t be abandon and commonly, students with vivid academic background, desire to pursue challenging careers, auspicious personal traits with motivation are enrolled for this programme. When such distinctive students failed to complete the doctorate degree within stipulated time, have arise many questions for stakeholders. This study was conducted to articulate the etiology of student failure to complete doctorate degree programme within stipulated time. For this purpose, PhD students were considered population and data was collected through questionnaire. Total 268 questionnaires were distributed and 233 were received. Statistical tools such as EFA, CFA and SEM were applied. For this SPSS-20 and AMOS-24 software were used. Results of study found Institutional Support, Personality Trait and Supervisor Support have significant positive impact on PhD degree completion. It is recommended that all stakeholders need to play their role and there is dare need to develop a systematic formal organize research structure. Also establish National Research Monitoring Cell for centralization and streamline research activities. Supervisors engage students beyond odds hours also inculcate research / innovation habit.
Development and Validation of a Scale to Assess School Factors Contributing to School Refusal Behavior
Authors: Khursheed Faseeha
Published: August 2021

School refusal behavior is a serious issue in Pakistan which has remained unnoticed.  In order to understand the intensity of the issue it is important to understand the school related factors for school refusal.  There was no tool available to study these factors in cultural context of Pakistan.  The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure different dimensions of school factors involved in school refusal behavior among middle school students.  Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected for this purpose.  Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit the sample of 260 middle school teachers.  A series of exploratory factor analysis was conducted and four dimensions were extracted which were further reduced to three final including school environment, teachers’ classroom management and teacher-student relationship dimensions during confirmatory factor analysis.  The scale showed high internal consistency and reliability.  The Cronbach alpha reliability of the 26 items (five -Likert point) scale was 0.74.  This scale will help to study all aspects of school factors contributing to school refusal behavior in Pakistan which was not available before.
Educación: Los desafíos de un aprendizaje en línea y las desigualdades educativas
Authors: Medina Griselda Fabiana , Sogari Clotilde Noemí
Published: August 2021

La siguiente publicación analiza los conocimientos básicos que presentan los alumnos de los cursos 4to (A y B) y 3ro (A y B) de la Escuela Regional de Agricultura, Ganadería e Industrias ubicada en la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. El objetivo es conocer el equipamiento tecnológico del cual disponen los alumnos de acuerdo a sus condiciones socioeconómicas, evaluar los conocimientos que presentan sobre las herramientas básicas de su ordenador, el manejo y uso de las nuevas tecnologías que emergen de una modalidad virtual de enseñanza. La metodología empleada es cuantitativa y exhibe un alcance descriptivo, donde se pretende analizar y recopilar información sobre el uso y manejo que presenta el educando respecto a las nuevas tecnologías, se investiga el equipamiento tecnológico que dispone el grupo clase para crear un nuevo esquema de trabajo a futuro que garantice un sistema de enseñanza virtual de calidad que promueva la construcción de un conocimiento útil, verdadero, significativo y que perdure en el tiempo. Se concluye, que la readaptación y el ajuste de la enseñanza en entornos virtuales requieren de una planificación basada en el desarrollo individual y expansión de habilidades que propicien un escenario optimo en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Tanto docentes como alumnos precisan de una alfabetización tecnológica para que puedan acceder y conducirse de manera competente a través de la cultura y tecnología digital.
Instituciones educativas en escenarios inesperados
Authors: Cossio Cinthia Vanesa , Gómez Alegre Miriam Anahí
Published: August 2021

En el siguiente artículo vamos a analizar el impacto que ha tenido la pandemia del coronavirus (COVID-19) en nuestro país, puntualmente en el ámbito de la educación. Intentaremos realizar una descripción sintética de cómo a partir de la suspensión de las clases presenciales, las instituciones educativas se vieron forzadas a implementar una enseñanza remota de emergencia que potenció el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) para sostener la continuidad pedagógica y mantener los vínculos entre docentes y estudiantes. Nuestro principal interés está relacionado con reflexionar acerca de las acciones institucionales y las adaptaciones que se implementaron. A su vez, analizaremos los matices que podrían surgir en algunos escenarios institucionales y trataremos de detectar algunas alternativas que se podrían vislumbrar frente a un escenario de pospandemia, apuntando la mirada hacia el futuro (y futuros posibles), preguntándonos sobre la importancia de idear o repensar proyectos institucionales que incluyan las TIC de manera integral y a largo plazo.
Uloga Komunističke partije Španije u uspostavljanju diplomatskih odnosa Beograda i Madrida nakon Frankove smrti
Authors: Matić Dimitrije
Published: August 2021

This article analyzes the influence of the Communist Party of Spain on the development of bilateral relations between Yugoslavia and Spain until the official establishment of diplomatic relations in January 1977, with an important emphasis on the period after the death of Francisco Franco. Besides researching the cooperation of Yugoslav and Spanish communists on these matters, the paper examines the specific international circumstances and interests of the great powers in the context of Yugoslav-Spanish rapprochement.
Chuyên san Dạy và Học - số 38 - Hòa nhập
Authors: Nguyen Linh-Chi , nguyen trang , Nhu Vu , Tung Ngo Thi Thanh , Son Nguyen Tran Ngoc , Yen Dao Thi Hai
Published: August 2021

Quý độc giả thân mến,Khi nhắc tới đa dạng và bao hàm trong giáo dục, bên cạnh vấn đề về sắc tộc, xuất xứ, giới tính, còn một khía cạnh nữa đáng quan tâm là “đa dạng hệ thần kinh” (neurodiversity). Đa dạng hệ thần kinh là một phong trào khởi đầu bởi nhà xã hội học Judy Singer, với nỗ lực chuyển hướng cách nhìn nhận về các rối loạn phát triển thần kinh (như tự kỷ và tăng động giảm chú ý) từ một góc nhìn bệnh lý sang một mô hình xã hội. Mặc dù còn nhiều tranh luận xoay quanh phong trào cũng như thuật ngữ này, sự ra đời của nó đã mang tới một khẳng định tất cả chúng ta cần phải suy ngẫm: liệu rằng các vấn đề rối loạn phát triển là những ‘căn bệnh’ khó chữa hay do xã hội này đang đặt ra các tiêu chuẩn khiến cho những cá thể “khác biệt” đó không thể hòa nhập vào?Lấy cảm hứng từ chủ đề này, BBT Lộn xộn xin được gửi tới quý độc giả Dạy & Học số 39 với tựa đề “Hòa nhập”. Trong bối cảnh các dịch vụ chuyên nghiệp dành cho các cá nhân có rối loạn phát triển thần kinh còn chưa phát triển và dễ tiếp cận với số đông, các bài viết trong Dạy&Học số 39 mong muốn cung cấp các hiểu biết ban đầu về một số hội chứng/rối loạn phổ biến. Bởi hiểu biết và công nhận luôn là bước đầu tiên trong mọi tiến trình giúp đỡ.Bài viết “Đa dạng hệ trí não trong giáo dục” là một báo cáo của OCED về các phương pháp giảng dạy cũng như đánh giá đối với các lớp học có các học sinh khác biệt về trí não. “Thế nào là chứng khó học toán”, “Nhận diện ADHD trong lớp học” lần lượt cung cấp một số chỉ báo để giáo viên và phụ huynh có thể bước đầu theo dõi các khó khăn học tập ở các em học sinh. “Lớp học cho trẻ ADHD” cung cấp một số hướng dẫn kết hợp các cách thức hỗ trợ các học sinh ADHD vào các lớp học thông thường. Các rối loạn tinh thần cũng thường được bao gồm trong các thảo luận về đa dạng hệ thần kinh. “Phương pháp giáo dục giúp chữa lành vết thương tâm lý ở trẻ” kể câu chuyện về cách dự án ATLAS giúp đỡ các học sinh có sang chấn tâm lý. “Giáo dục đang đương đầu với ba cuộc khủng hoảng: sức khỏe tinh thần chỉ là một trong số đó” cảnh cáo những vấn đề cấp thiết nhất mà thế hệ trẻ tuổi đang phải đối mặt. Và “Sự vô tư của trẻ phản ánh cuộc sống hạnh phúc” là lời nhắc nhở về điều quan trọng nhất đối với trẻ nhỏ - thứ giúp xây dựng một nền tảng tâm lý vững mạnh cho quá trình trưởng thành.Cuối cùng, “Đứa trẻ cuối cùng mang hội chứng Down” mặc dù tập trung vào một rối loạn không thuộc phạm trù thần kinh học, lại là một phóng sự xuất sắc về các vấn đề đạo đức, chấp nhận sự đa dạng của xã hội, những vấn đề cốt lõi mà phong trào đa dạng thần kinh học quan tâm.Xin chúc Quý vị có những khoảng thời gian thú vị.Trân trọng,Ban Biên tập Lộn Xộn
Analisa Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan Tingkat Rentabilitas Pada PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Barat
Authors: Yonanda Zea Putri , fernos jhon
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the analysis of financial statements based on the level rentabilitas at PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Barat. Data analysis method using quantitative data, namely data sourced from the financial statements of PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Barat. Based on the results of research where the 2017-2019 perio shows that, the average NPM value 24.42%, with the standards set by Bank Indonesia 3% - 12.5%, the evaluation results are very good. For an average ROA value 1.47%, with the standards set by Bank Indonesia of 0.5% - 1.25%, the evaluation results are good. For an average ROE value 21%, with the standard set by Bank Indonesia of 5% - 12.5%, the evaluation results are very good.
Prosedur Pembiayaan Mudharabah Pada PT. Bank BSI Tbk Kc Padang
Authors: Mardatillah Vira , Susanto Romi
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the mudharabah financing procedure carried out by PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk KC Padang. In analyzing the data, the writer uses qualitative data analysis method as a method that describes descriptively about the mudharabah financing procedure at PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk KC Padang. The results of this study there are several stages of the Mudharabah Financing Procedure at Bank Syariah Indonesia, namely the submission of an application for mudharabah financing, analysis of mudharabah financing, the decision to apply for mudharabah financing is divided into two decisions, namely the financing decision is accepted and the financing decision is rejected, if the financing decision is accepted or rejected, it is submitted in writing. by providing clear and wise reasons, then the mudharabah financing agreement, the disbursement of the mudharabah financing, the supervision of the mudharabah financing and the return of the mudharabah financing
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pengembalian Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) Pada PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Sumatera Barat Cabang Painan
Authors: Anjeli Dwi , fernos jhon
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the analysis of the factors that affect the rate of return on People's Business Credit (KUR) at PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Sumatera Barat Cabang Painan. This research uses a descriptive method. The results show that there are two factors that affect the rate of return on People's Business Credit (KUR), namely: internal factors that are influenced by the number of loans, credit installments and repayment periods, while external factors are influenced by deteriorating economic conditions
Fault rock heterogeneity can produce fault weakness and reduce fault stability
Authors: Bedford John , Faulkner Daniel , Lapusta Nadia
Published: August 2021

Geological heterogeneity is abundant in crustal fault zones; however, its role in controlling the mechanical behaviour of faults is poorly constrained. Here, we present laboratory friction experiments on laterally heterogeneous faults, with patches of strong, rate-weakening quartz gouge and weak, rate-strengthening clay gouge. The experiments show that the heterogeneity leads to a significant reduction in strength and frictional stability in comparison to compositionally identical faults with homogeneously mixed gouges. We identify a combination of weakening effects, including smearing of the weak clay; differential compaction of the two gouges redistributing normal stress; and shear localization producing stress concentrations in the strong quartz patches. The results demonstrate that geological heterogeneity and its evolution can have pronounced effects on fault strength and stability and, by extension, on the occurrence of slow-slip transients versus earthquake ruptures and the characteristics of the resulting events, and should be further studied in lab experiments and earthquake source modelling.
An overview of multimethod imaging approaches in environmental geophysics
Authors: Wagner Florian , Uhlemann Sebastian
Published: August 2021

Quantitative characterization of subsurface properties is critical for many environmental applications and serves as the basis to simulate and better understand dynamic subsurface processes. Geophysical imaging methods allow to image subsurface property distributions and monitor their spatio-temporal changes in a minimally invasive manner. While it is widely agreed upon that models integrating multiple independent data sources are more reliable, the number of approaches to do so is increasing rapidly and often overwhelming for researchers and, particularly, novices to the field.With this work, we aim to contribute to the development multimethod imaging through (1) an overview of, and didactic introduction to, existing inversion approaches for the integration of multiple geophysical data sets with other measurement types (e.g., hydrological observations), petrophysical models, and process simulations, (2) a state-of-the-art review on the use and potentials of these approaches in various environmental applications, and (3) a discussion on new frontiers and remaining challenges in the field.We hope that this chapter provides an entry point to recent developments in multimethod geophysical imaging, clarifies similarities, differences, and development potentials of existing approaches, and ultimately helps practitioners to choose the optimum one to integrate their data sets.
Extreme smog challenge of India intensified by increasing lower tropospheric stability
Authors: Gautam Ritesh , Patel Piyushkumar , Singh Manoj , Liu Tianjia , Mickley Loretta , Jethva Hiren , DeFries Ruth
Published: August 2021

Extreme smog in India widely impacts air quality in late autumn and winter months. While the links between emissions and air quality are well-recognized, the association of smog and its intensification with climatic trends in the lower troposphere, where aerosol pollution and its radiative effects manifest, are not understood well. Here we use long-term satellite data to show a significant increase in aerosol exceedances over northern India, resulting in sustained atmospheric warming and surface cooling over the last two decades. We find several lines of evidence suggesting these aerosol radiative effects have induced a multidecadal (1980-2019) strengthening of lower tropospheric stability and an increase in relative humidity, leading to over fivefold increase in poor visibility days. Given this crucial aerosol-radiation-meteorological feedback driving the smog intensification, we anticipate results from this study will help inform mitigation strategies supporting stronger region-wide measures, which are critical for solving the smog challenge in India.
Adolescents Provide more Complex Reasons for Lowering the Voting Age than Adults
Authors: Oosterhoff Benjamin , Wray-Lake Laura , Harden K. Paige
Published: August 2021

Debates about lowering the voting age often center on whether 16 and 17-year-olds possess sufficient cognitive capacity and political knowledge to participate in politics. Little empirical research has examined age differences in adolescents’ and adults’ complexity of reasoning about political issues. We surveyed N = 778 adults (Mage = 38.5, SD = 12.5) and N = 397 16 and 17-year-olds concerning judgements and justifications about whether the US should change the minimum voting age. Justifications for changing the voting age were coded for integrative (i.e., integrating multiple perspectives to form a judgment about changing the voting age), elaborative (i.e., providing multiple reasons to support the same judgement about changing the voting age), and dialectic (i.e., recognizing multiple differing perspectives on changing the voting age) complexity of reasoning. Bayesian regressions indicated that adolescents provided greater integrative and elaborative complexity in their reasoning to change the voting age than adults. Adolescents and adults did not meaningfully differ in their dialectic complexity. Findings are consistent with past research indicating that adolescents possess the cognitive capacity and political knowledge to vote in US elections.
Individual Differences in Young Children’s Spatial Ability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garcia Nelcida Llissett , Hall LaTreese VeNaye , Pruden Shannon M.
Published: August 2021

Individual differences in children’s spatial ability, both intrinsic and extrinsic, emerge in early childhood, with preschool- and school-age children showing a great deal of variability on spatial tasks that continue throughout life. These individual differences are predictive of children’s mathematics ability and achievement, children’s science ability and achievement, and later entry and success in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Thus, the identification of factors that affect individual differences in and development of children’s spatial ability is not only important for the advancement of theory but may also help us to identify barriers to successful STEM achievement. There is extensive literature suggesting that child characteristics such as motor skill, working memory and executive function, spatial anxiety, spatial play, teacher characteristics such as spatial anxiety and spatial competence, and parent characteristics including their own spatial ability and production of spatial language influence children’s spatial ability. This systematic review aims to outline mechanisms that explain the development of individual differences in children’s intrinsic and extrinsic spatial ability. As part of this systematic review of current literature, we introduce a framework for how individual differences in children’s spatial thinking develops. Lastly, we will discuss limitations of the existing literature and suggest directions for future research.
Computational theories of Alcohol Use Disorder: Mapping learning and choice mechanisms on symptoms
Authors: Sebold Miriam , Kiebel Stefan J. , Smolka Michael N. , Heinz Andreas , Deserno Lorenz
Published: August 2021

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by a combination of symptoms including excessive craving, loss of control, and progressive neglect of alternative pleasures. A mechanistic understanding of what drives these symptoms is needed to improve diagnostic stratification and to develop new treatment and prevention strategies for AUD. To date, there is no consensus regarding a unifying mechanistic framework that accounts for the different symptoms of AUD. Reinforcement learning (RL) and economic choice theories may be key to elucidating the underlying processes of symptom development and maintenance in AUD. These algorithms may account for the different behavioral and physiological phenomena and are suited to dissect mechanisms linked to different symptoms of AUD. We here review different RL and economic choice models and how they map onto three symptoms of AUD: (1) cue-induced craving, (2) neglect of alternative rewards, and (3) consumption despite adverse consequences. For each symptom and theory, we describe findings from animal and human studies. In humans, we focus on empirical studies that investigated RL models in the context of treatment outcome in AUD. The review indicates important gaps to be addressed in the future by highlighting the challenges in transferring findings from RL and economic choice studies to clinical application. We also critically evaluate the potentials and pitfalls of a symptom-oriented approach and highlight the importance to elucidate the role of learning and decision-making processes across diagnostic boundaries.