bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sources and Enrichment Mechanisms of Rare Earth Element in the Mosuoying Granites, Sichuan Province, Southwest China
Authors: Xiao Xuepeng , Li Guoxin , Dong Shuyi , Qian Lijun , Ou Lihua
Published: December 2024

Ion-adsorption type rare earth elements (iREE) deposits, a primary source of global heavy REE (HREE) ores，have attracted wide attention worldwide due to their concentrated distributions and irreplaceable role in the field of cutting-edge technologies. In recent years, iREE mineralization have been reported in the overlying weathering crust of the Mosuoying granites within the Dechang counties, Sichuan Province, Southwest China, suggesting great potential for the formation of iREE deposits. The Mosuoying granites, acting as the primary carrier of REE pre-enrichment, govern the contents and distribution patterns of REEs in their overlying weathering crust. Therefore, investigating the sources and enrichment mechanisms of REEs in the parent rocks will provide a critical theoretical basis for the scientific exploitation and utilization of iREE deposits. In this study, we investigated the migration and enrichment of REEs in the Mosuoying granites using petrography, geochronology, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data. The results reveal that the REE enrichment in the Mosuoying granites might be associated with both the melting of crustal felsic rocks and the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution. On the one hand, the granites exhibit different REE patterns. Compared to the light REE (LREE)-rich granites, the HREE-rich granites feature higher SiO2 contents, higher differentiation index (DI), lower Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios, and more significant negative Eu anomalies, indicating that the crystal fractionation of magmas governed the differentiation of REEs. Furthermore, the hydrothermal fluids further promoted the formation of the HREE-rich granites. On the other hand, the geochemical characteristics suggest that they are A-type granites. Regarding the isotopic characteristics, the Mosuoying granites exhibit negative whole-rock εNd(t) and zircon εHf(t) values, suggesting an evolved crustal source. Therefore, we suggest that the high REE contents in the Mosuoying A-type granites might originate from the partial melting of felsic rocks in a shallow crustal source under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions. Specifically, the high-temperature A-type granitic magmas caused the partial melting of the felsic crustal materials to release REEs; Concurrently, these magmas enhanced the solubility of REEs in melt during magmatic evolution, inhibiting the separation of REE-bearing minerals from the melts. These increased the REE contents of the granites. The high-temperature heat source might be associated with the process where the asthenospheric mantle experienced upwelling along slab window and heated continental crust in the Neoproterozoic extensional setting.
Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of the Assam Valley Region, NE India: A Review of Geophysical Findings
Authors: Lozovsky Ilya , Varentsov Ivan , Walia Devesh
Published: December 2024

The northeastern region of India is one of the six most seismically active convergent plate tectonic areas in the world. The north-south convergence along the Indo-Tibetan Himalayan Ranges and the east-west subduction within the Indo-Burma Ranges create a complex stress regime, resulting in significant seismic activity and a history of great/large earthquakes. The region's intricate strain patterns, active faults, and potential seismic gaps underscore the need for detailed subsurface studies to effectively assess seismic hazards and impending seismicity. Geophysical research is essential for understanding the region’s geodynamic evolution, seismotectonics, and mineral resources. This manuscript reviews the geological and tectonic settings of the region and summarizes recent geophysical studies, including seismic, gravity, magnetic, and magnetotelluric surveys conducted in the Assam Valley and adjacent areas (within latitudes 24.5°–28.5° N and longitudes 89°–97.5° E). The review highlights key findings on hydrocarbon-bearing sediments, the configuration of the crystalline basement, the heterogeneous structures of the crust and upper mantle, and seismic discontinuities. By synthesizing these results, the review aims to enhance the understanding of seismic hazards in Northeast India, guide mitigation strategies, and identify key knowledge gaps to direct future research efforts.
Engineering the Marine Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 via pMEGA Plasmid Targeted Curing Using PTasRNA Technology
Authors: Severino Angelica , Lauro Concetta , Calvanese Marzia , Riccardi Christopher , Colarusso Andrea , Fondi Marco , Parrilli Ermenegilda , Tutino Maria Luisa
Published: December 2024

Marine bacteria that have adapted to thrive in extreme environments, such as Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 (PhTAC125), offer a unique biotechnological potential. The discovery of an endogenous megaplasmid (pMEGA) raised questions about its metabolic impact and functional role in this strain. This study aimed at streamlining the host genetic background by curing PhTAC125 from the pMEGA plasmid using a sequential genetic approach. We combined homologous recombination by exploiting a suicide vector with the PTasRNA gene silencing technology to interfere with pMEGA replication machinery. This approach led to the construction of the novel PhTAC125 KrPL2 strain, cured from the pMEGA plasmid, which exhibited no significant differences in the growth behaviour, though showcasing enhanced resistance to oxidative stress and a reduced capability of biofilm formation. These findings represent a significant achievement for understanding of the role of pMEGA plasmid and for the biotechnological applications of PhTAC125 in recombinant protein production. This opens up the possibility to exploit pMEGA valuable genetic elements and further advancing the genetic tools for PhTAC125.
Transcription of Clock Genes in Medulloblastoma
Authors: Vriend Jerry , Glogowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

We investigated the transcription of circadian clock genes in publicly available datasets of gene expression in medulloblastoma (MB) tissues using the R2 Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. Differential expression of the core clock genes among the four consensus subgroups of MB (defined in 2012 as Group 3, Group 4, the SHH group, and the WNT group) included the core clock genes (CLOCK, NPAS2, PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2, BMAL1, BMAL2, NR1D1, and TIMELESS) as well as genes which encode proteins that regulate the transcription of clock genes (CIPC, FBXL21, and USP2). Overexpression of several clock genes, including CIPC, was found in individuals with the isochromosome 17q chromosomal aberration in MB Group 3 and Group 4.
The most significant biological pathways associated with clock gene expression were ribosome subunits, phototransduction, GABAergic synapse, WNT signaling pathway, and the Fanconi anemia pathway.
Survival analysis of clock genes was examined using the Kaplan Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model through the R2 Genomics Platform. Two clock genes most significantly related to survival were CRY1 and USP2. The data suggest that several clock proteins, including CRY1 and USP2, be investigated as potential therapeutic targets in MB.
Non-Criteria Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Myth or Reality?
Authors: Beça Sara , Borrell Maria , Cervera Ricard , Figueras Francesc , Nadal Alfons , Espinosa Gerard , Baños Núria
Published: December 2024

Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes suggestive of obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) but not fulfilling the clinical and/or laboratory international classification criteria are increasingly recognized both in clinical practice and in literature. This entity is termed non-criteria OAPS (NC-OAPS). It includes clinical scenarios such as two unexplained pregnancy losses, three non-consecutive pregnancy losses, late preeclampsia/eclampsia/signs of placental insufficiency, or recurrent implantation failure, as well as positive low-titers of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and non-classical aPL. Given the heterogeneity of NC-OAPS, an attempt to organize it in subsets was accomplished in the form of a nomenclature proposal. In the last years, retrospective and prospective cohort studies have been designed to clarify the characteristics and outcomes of the different subsets of NC-OAPS. In general, the studies support that NC-OAPS may benefit from treatment, but several considerations must be made on the robustness and nuances of the scientific evidence. In this review we examine the available evidence supporting the diagnosis of NC-OAPS, the features of its different subsets, and the impact of treatment strategies on its outcome, pointing out the questions that are still unanswered.
Modeling Mpox Transmission and Burden Across VariousVaccination Levels in the DRC Using an Age-Structured Model
Authors: Glèlè Kakaï Romain Lucas , Montcho Yvette , Taboe Hemaho Beaugard , Traore Kassifou
Published: December 2024

Mpox is an infectious viral disease endemic to Central African countries. It has seen a resurgence in this region, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), disproportionately affecting children under 15 years. In this study, we developed an age-structured mathematical model to assess the effect of vaccination on Mpox dynamics in the DRC, focusing on children under 15 as the primary target of upcoming vaccination campaigns. The model captures transmission dynamics across different vaccination coverage levels (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) and incorporates critical factors such as age-based susceptibility, waning immunity and control measures). Results reveal a peak in MPOX-confirmed cases on September 29, 2024, with 410 cases and four deaths. From January to December 2025, 4860 cases and 52 deaths were predicted, and a higher vaccination coverage (40%) combined with improved non-pharmaceutical interventions (Φ1 = 20%) targeting under-15s could significantly reduce Mpox transmission and burden, with up to 1,800 cases and 17 deaths averted. The findings underscore the importance of vaccination campaigns, coupled with improved public health measures, in mitigating Mpox transmission and alleviating its burden on vulnerable populations. This study provides a framework for evaluating vaccination strategies and their effectiveness in controlling emerging infectious diseases.
Association of OPRM1 and OPRD1 Polymorphisms with Pain and Opioid Adverse Reactions in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gutiérrez-Cáceres Carolina , Ávila Nikolas , Cerpa Leslie , Martínez Matías F. , Torres Benjamín , Barajas Olga , Varela Nelson M. , Quiñones Luis A.
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Pain management in colorectal cancer is influenced by genetic variability in opioid receptor genes (OPRM1 and OPRD1), potentially affecting opioid efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADR). This study evaluated the association of OPRM1 (rs1799971, rs510769) and OPRD1 (rs2236861) polymorphisms with pain severity, opioid efficacy, and ADR in Chilean colorectal cancer patients. Methods: Genotypes of OPRM1 and OPRD1 Polymorphisms and clinical data from 69 colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. Associations between genotypes, ADR, and pain severity (maximum Visual Analog Scale-VAS-) were evaluated under inheritance models. Results: The OPRM1 rs1799971 G allele was significantly associated with pain presence (p = 0.008), while OPRD1 rs2236861 was linked to ADR risk (p = 0.042). Allelic distribution analysis revealed higher frequencies of the OPRD1 G allele and OPRM1 rs510769 T allele in patients with ADR and pain, respectively. For OPRM1 rs510769, the dominant model showed a significant association with pain severity (p = 0.033), while the overdominant model revealed a trend toward significance (p = 0.0504). Logistic regression models tests showed no significant predictive associations for maximum VAS or ADR under inheritance models. Conclusions: Genetic variations in OPRM1 and OPRD1 may play a role in pain perception and ADR in colorectal cancer patients. These findings contribute to the understanding of pharmacogenomic factors in opioid therapy, emphasizing the need for further research to validate the clinical utility of these genetic markers.
Breaking the Glass Coffin: BreachPen's Effectiveness in Underwater Vehicle Extrication
Authors: Glassey Steve
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the DEFCO BreachPen Gen II, a thermal breaching tool, in cutting submerged laminated vehicle glass. The research addresses the increasing drowning risks in vehicle submersion incidents due to the widespread adoption of laminated glass in side windows. The experiment involved using the BreachPen to cut a submerged laminated windscreen underwater. Results demonstrated the tool's ability to successfully breach the glass, with two cuts of 76 cm and 62 cm achieved in approximately 35 seconds each. The BreachPen proved to be six times faster than manual cutting methods. The study highlights the tool's advantages, including its lightweight design, ease of use, and suitability for remote operations. However, limitations such as limited cutting distance per unit and potential safety concerns were also noted. The research provides valuable insights for emergency responders and suggests areas for further investigation, including testing in more realistic conditions and comparing performance with alternative breaching tools.
Multistate Analysis of Policyholder Behaviour in Life Insurance—Lasso Based Modelling Approaches
Authors: Reck Lucas , Schupp Johannes , Reuß Andreas
Published: December 2024

Holders of life insurance policies can exercise various options that lead to contract modifications, e.g.
full surrender, partial surrender, paid-up and dynamic premium increase options. Transitions between
these contract states materially affect (current and future) cash flows, and thus represent a serious
source of uncertainty for an insurance company. It is common practice to determining best estimate
assumptions for these transitions independently, i.e. without considering joint determinants of the
different aspects of policyholder behaviour. Our paper shows how consistent best estimate transition
rates for multiple status transitions can be derived using data science methods. More specifically,
we extend existing multivariate approaches with the Lasso method such that the key drivers for
each transition can be identified automatically. We discuss the performance, the complexity and the
practical applicability of the different modelling approaches based on data from a European insurer.
Characterization of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Associated with Meat Quality Traits in Porcine Muscle through RNA-seq and Circle-seq Analysis
Authors: Bai Liyao , Wu Jiahao , Dou Tengfei , Zhang Yongqian , Wu Ziyi , Li Xin-Jian , Han Xuelei , Qiao Ruimin , Wang Kejun , Yang Feng , Yang Songbai , Zan Shengyuan , Li Xiu-Ling
Published: December 2024

Pork quality is an important trait in pig breeding. Studies have shown that extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNAs) play a key role in the musculoskeletal system. However, the characteristics and roles of eccDNAs in pork quality remain unclear. Yunong Black (YN) pigs (n = 3) and Yunong Black × Landrace (YL) hybrid pigs (n = 3) were randomly selected for meat quality determination of the longissimus dorsi (LM) muscle. Multiple types of eccDNA were detected in the muscle tissues of both pig groups using Circle sequencing (Circle-seq). To further explore the mechanism of action, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze the differentially expressed genes (eccDEGs) associated with eccDNAs. The results showed that the intramuscular fat content in the YN group was significantly higher than that in the YL group (p < 0.01). In the YN and YL groups, 1,325 and 1,304 differentially expressed eccDNAs were identified, ranging from 0.11 kb to 1 kb and distributed across multiple genomic functional regions. The two sets of differential eccDNAs were annotated to 1,274 and 1,366 protein-coding genes, respectively. Combined analysis of the Circle-seq and RNA-seq results revealed 19 and 27 differentially expressed eccDNAs (eccDEGs) in the YN and YL groups, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of these genes enriched several lipid-related pathways, including chemokine signaling, ADP metabolic process, Apelin signaling, blood lipids and atherosclerosis, and arachidonic acid metabolism. By constructing a regulatory network, several miRNAs, including ssc-miR-10391, ssc-miR-133a-3p, and ssc-miR-1343, were identified as interacting with differential eccDNAs and eccDEGs. Finally, we found that multiple networks, such as ecc_sus_8665/ssc-miR-212/ADMTS16 and ecc_sus_22708/ssc-miR-432-5p/OLFM2 may regulate pork quality. In summary, we elucidated the first eccDNA profile relating to pork quality and identified several potential eccDNAs that may regulate pig muscle. The results of this study not only offer a new perspective for breeding selection of pork texture-related traits, but also provide insights into the role of eccDNA in the LM of pigs.
Reducing Patient Movement in MRI: A Case Study
Authors: Edelman Valentina , Chassidim Hadas , Rabaev Irina
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to prepare patients for MRI procedures using a specialized training application. The software tracks participants’ movements within the MRI simulator and reproduces sounds characteristic of the scan. The Farneback optical flow algorithm detects even the slightest movements captured by the camera, allowing for movement assessment during the training session and enhancing patient readiness for real scanning. The project is aimed at reducing the likelihood of involuntary movements during scanning. For this purpose, specialized software and a simulator are used to provide effective preparation for the MRI diagnostic procedure. A pilot study was conducted on a group of 10 students aged 21 to 27. The findings reveal a significant reduction in the average of movements during testing, decreasing from 27.7 movements in the first test to 8.3 movements in the second test, representing an average reduction of 19.4 movements. Furthermore, two participants exhibited a notable decrease in self-reported anxiety levels after the first test.
Digital Technologies in Agriculture. Scanfield-5S Smart System with Integrated Digital Soil Cube for Innovative Solutions in Agriculture
Authors: Bratoev Krasimir Petrov
Published: December 2024

In the conditions of intensively developing digital technologies, agriculture is also an active environment for their application. In the sense of the digital transformation in agriculture, classical soil analysis cannot provide a high enough degree of precision. The basis of the predominant part of digital technologies in agriculture is the use of mathematical models proven by science and practice, describing separately or in combination various physical, mechanical, biological and other processes occurring during the cultivation of agricultural crops. In this way, technologies in agriculture can acquire adaptive, resp. proactive nature, i.e., to respond promptly to changes in the conditions of their application and to adjust the expected final result. The sustainability of such technologies largely depends on maintaining a constant connection with the environment in which they are implemented.
The purpose of this research is to demonstrate a soil analysis method by measuring the electrical conductivity (ECa) in the soil and creating mathematical models to demonstrate its suitability in determining the condition of soils. The study was conducted after wheat harvest in a field of 207.7 ha. The measurement of the EC was carried out on 01.09.2023 with a mobile electromagnetic scanner TSM (Top Soil Mapper) of Geoprospectors GmbH. Successively, the measurements were taken about 1m apart, collecting almost 20 000 soil ECa data in four layers at the depth of 0-0.2m;0.2-0.4m;0.4-0.7m and 0.7-1.0m. All collected data are georeferenced with a GLONASS system (GNSS) receiver. An adaptive soil sampling scheme was implemented in which 12 sampling markers were formed from six areas in the field. The samples were taken from soil layers at a depth of 0-0.2m and 0.2-0.4m. Soil samples were analyzed for bulk density (BD), relative humidity (dW), clay content (Clay), organic matter (OM) and active carbon (C_(act.)). The analysis characterizes the soil as homogeneous with fairly good biological indicators (OM and C_(act.)).
Adaptive Terrain Modeling for Side-Slope Surfaces
Authors: Zhou Fangxiao
Published: December 2024

Three-dimensional site modeling is an important aspect of Building Information Modeling (BIM), especially in mountainous areas. A key issue in site modeling is how to accurately calculate the shape of side-slopes. It involves three sub-problems: geometric representation of side-slopes, determination of cut/fill types, and intersection of side-slopes surface with the terrain surface. To address this, a two-stage method for constructing side-slope models adaptive terrain is proposed. In the first stage, an algorithm for traversing along polylines is used to calculate the intersection points of the site boundary polylines with the terrain surface, segmenting the boundary polylines based on these intersection points, automatically determining the fill/cut types for each segment using rules, and then obtaining the equations of the side-slopes passing each segment. In the second stage, an algorithm for traversing along plane is used to trace the intersection lines of side-slopes with the terrain. Finally, the side-slopes are rendered with precision by integrating the equations of each segment with the determined intersection lines. The effectiveness of the method is verified through illustrative examples. Extensive analysis and testing have demonstrated that this method not only boasts accuracy and swift computation but also excels in the level of automation achieved in the modeling process.
The Multi-Source Data-Model Constraint Method for Long-Time Series Extraction of Urban and Rural Settlement
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Zhou Guangsheng , Zhou Li , Lv Xiaomin , He Xiaohui , Tian Zhihui
Published: December 2024

Accurately extracting long-term urban and rural settlement (URS) information is crucial for studying urbanization processes and their impacts on the ecological environment. However, existing remote sensing extraction methods often rely on independent classification strategies for each period, leading to error accumulation and increased uncertainty in long-term sequence extraction. To address this, this study proposed a data-model constrained dynamic extraction method for URS and validated it on the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau at five-year intervals from 1985 to 2020. Taking URS in 2015 as an example, the area of URS extracted using this method had a matching degree of 97.79% with the reference, and the overall accuracy was 98.33%, with a kappa of 0.96. The urban and rural settlement boundary (URSB) extracted by this method were more accurate than the Global Urban Boundaries (GUB) dataset, particularly in spatial completeness and boundary detail. The result provides technical support for uncovering urban development patterns and their environmental impacts.
Impact of Rest Intervals on the Force-Velocity Relationship Obtained During the Keiser’s 10-Repetition Leg Press Test
Authors: Kalhovde John Magne , Johannessen Christian M. , Aasen Sigmund B. , Tønnessen Espen
Published: December 2024

Background: The Keiser 10-rep leg press test employs very short rest intervals between each of the ten repetitions (2-38 seconds). This raises concerns about whether the rest periods are sufficient for the athlete to perform optimally in each individual repetition. Objectives: The study aims to investigate the effect of using short (2-38s) or long (3min) rest intervals on maximal force (F0), velocity (V0), power (Pmax), and the slope of the FV-profile (FVslope) in the Keiser's 10-repetition leg press test. Methods: A total of 30 athletes (age 17.1 ± .9 years, height 177.8 ± 8.8 cm, body mass 71.9 ± 11.3 kg), performed 3 separate tests (total of ~ 900 repetitions) in a Keiser A420 leg press machine, separated by 4 to 8 days. Test day 1 included a 1RM test followed by a 10-repetition force-velocity test with short rest intervals between the repetitions. Test days 2 and 3 involved the same test, with pre-programmed either short rest intervals, or manually conducted long rest intervals, between repetitions. Results: Increasing inter-repetition rest significantly improved V₀ and Pₘₐₓ, while also altering the FV slope. A small but significant reduction was observed in F0. These benefits of longer rest were associated with light to moderate loads, where standard Keiser rest intervals are short (2–9 seconds). However, extending rest intervals beyond approximately 30 seconds, as used at higher loads, provided no additional advantages. Conclusions: Longer rest intervals improve V₀, Pₘₐₓ, and FV slope, particularly at light to moderate loads where standard short rests are insufficient. Extending rest beyond 30 seconds at higher loads offers no additional benefits.
Evaluating Resilience and Thermal Comfort in Mediterranean Dwellings: A Level(s) Framework Approach
Authors: Díaz-López Carmen , Pérez-Rendon Cristina Alba , Serrano-Jiménez Antonio , Barrios-Padura Ángela
Published: December 2024

The construction sector plays a crucial role in urban development, offering an op-portunity to foster a cultural shift towards housing stock regeneration. This shift em-phasizes sustainable and resilient urban interventions that extend building lifespans, beginning at the design phase. In this context, Level(s), the European Union's framework for sustainability indicators, is particularly relevant to our research, as it emphasizes circular economy principles and building resilience. It provides a comprehensive set of indicators to guide resilient housing rehabilitation methodologies.
Indicator 2.3 supports the design and renovation of obsolete housing, focusing on maximizing resilience to climatic, functional, and socio-economic impacts. Indicator 4.2 assesses the comfort of building occupants regarding indoor thermal conditions throughout the year. Our research aims to develop a resilient housing rehabilitation methodology based on Level(s), which includes (i) assessing the current resilience of a pilot case, (ii) designing new resilient housing configurations, (iii) evaluating thermal comfort duration for older adults; and (iv) analyzing cost amortization.
The research findings will contribute to a comprehensive, flexible, and accessible refurbishment model that is adaptable to diverse tenant needs while addressing thermal comfort and cost efficiency. Additionally, analyzing the metabolic energy index in older adults will inform better adaptations and revisions of comfort standards for vulnerable populations.
The Rise of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and Its Influence on Atmospheric Carbon Isotope Measurements
Authors: D'Amico Francesco
Published: December 2024

Mounting pressure on emissions strictly connected to aviation has led to the development of SAF or Sustainable Aviation Fuel, an efficient tool by which aircraft operations are expected to cut emissions of climate altering agents considerably. According to several estimates, CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions could be cut significantly, and the emission of sulfur compounds into the atmosphere could also be vastly reduced via SAF. Though this form of alternative fuel is still somehow challenged by costs, production availability and related concerns, it’s still expected to lead to considerable reductions in terms of aviation-related emissions over the course of forthcoming years. As of today, the attention is almost entirely focused on reduced emissions and how to make the implementation of SAF more efficient, but there’s a remarkable side effect of SAF’s replacement of conventional fossil fuels – namely, its characteristic carbon isotope fingerprint – which could be used to improve estimates and other models at least on local scales.
Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape: A Narrative Review on Topical and Oral Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors in Dermatology
Authors: Carmona-Rocha Elena , Rusiñol Lluís , Puig Lluís
Published: December 2024

Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines that mediate several chronic inflammatory disorders, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In recent years, the therapeutic armamentarium in dermatology has expanded with the introduction of PDE4 inhibitors, both in oral and topical formulations.
PDE4 inhibitors have gained increasing interest due to their remarkable safety record and ease of prescription, as evidenced by the recent influx of literature detailing its off-label uses.
Apremilast was the first PDE4 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and oral ulcers of Behcet's disease. Off-label use has been reported in diverse dermatological conditions, including aphthous stomatitis, chronic actinic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous sarcoidosis, hidradenitis suppurativa, lichen planus, and discoid lupus erythematosus.
Roflumilast is a PDE4 inhibitor that was approved by the FDA and the EMA as an oral treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Since patent expiration, several generic formulations of oral roflumilast have become available, and various studies have documented its off-label use in psoriasis and other dermatological conditions such as hidradenitis suppurativa, recurrent oral aphthosis, nummular eczema, lichen planus, and Behçet's disease. Topical roflumilast has received FDA approval for treatment of plaque psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. The favorable safety profile encourages its long-term use as an alternative to corticosteroids, addressing the chronic nature of many dermatological conditions.
New oral PDE4 inhibitors are being developed, such as orismilast (LEO-32731), mufemilast (Hemay005), difamilast (OPA-15406) or lotamilast (E6005/RVT-501), among others. This narrative review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, safety profile, and practical considerations regarding the oral and topical use of PDE4 inhibitors in dermatology.
Conexão entre variáveis meteorológicas e a produção de leite na zona climática Cfb no sul do Brasil
Authors: Gabi A.M. , Peripolli V. , Cobuci J.A. , Fischer V. , Costa Jr J.B.G. , McManus C.
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência de variáveis meteorológicas na produção de leite de diferentes níveis de produção de leite de vacas Holandesas de alto desempenho no Sul do Brasil, em uma região definida como zona de classificação Cfb. Dados sobre variáveis meteorológicas e produção de leite foram coletados de 1996 a 2010 e analisados por meio de técnicas multivariadas para avaliar as relações entre variáveis meteorológicas e diferentes níveis de produção de leite. Os dados meteorológicos incluíram temperatura média, mínima e máxima, umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do vento, radiação solar e índice de temperatura e umidade. O estudo foi dividido em uma análise global, uma análise por quinquênios, bem como um estudo baseado em diferentes estações do ano. A produção de leite foi dividida em baixa, média e alta. A temperatura mínima apresentou correlação negativa significativa e baixa com a produção de leite média e alta. A análise de componentes principal não apresentou uma relação forte entre as variáveis meteorológicas e os níveis de produção de leite, enquanto a análise discriminante destacou a influência de algumas variáveis de produção, como idade da vaca e dias de lactação, em detrimento das variáveis meteorológicas. A variação da produção de leite comparada entre níveis de produção na classificação climática Cfb na região sul do Brasil teve pouca ou nenhuma influência das variáveis meteorológicas.
O Potencial de Macrófitas na Despoluição de Dejetos Animais em Águas Continentais (RETIRADO)
Authors: Santana B.L.L. , Lima E.S. , Costa A.A.
Published: December 2024

Com a conscientização humana e fiscalização cada vez mais crescente de órgãos ambientais quando se refere à poluição de áreas de águas continentais como rios, córregos, etc., pretende-se reduzir os índices de poluição no país. A poluição pode ser causada por escoamento irregular de dejetos animais, principalmente em áreas de criação de animais confinados, sendo necessária uma abrangência nos estudos de tratamento dessas áreas. Este artigo aborda uma revisão bibliográfica de estudos realizados, que possuem como foco atender eficientemente uma forma de tratamento de efluente animal em águas continentais utilizando em teste, espécies de macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes, envolvendo tanto os resultados obtidos nos estudos quanto o levantamento das espécies utilizadas, a fim de realizar um parâmetro de qual é a melhor alternativa para o tratamento. Em suma, as espécies de macrófitas tiveram um desenpenho qualificante para o tratamento de rejeitos, tendo a espécie Juncus sp. se destacado por apresentar o mais eficiente resultado em função despoluente.
Aditivos alimentares na ocorrência de miopatias em frangos de corte
Authors: De Souza C. , Wachholz L. , Kohler T.L. , De Souza C. , Nunes R.V.
Published: December 2024

O aumento da taxa de crescimento e o aumento na produção do músculo peitoral, têm sido apontadas como as principais causas para o aparecimento e aumento da presença de alterações musculares em frangos, como é o caso da estrias brancas e o peito madeira. Baseando-se em ensaios com camundongos, a creatina (Cr) pode apresentar uma função protetora em algumas doenças neuromusculares, podendo reverter a distrofia muscular. Logo, acredita-se que o ácido guanidinoacetico (GAA), como precursor de Cr, poderia desempenhar um papel na prevenção da inibição do metabolismo energético e da peroxidação lipídica relacionada às miopatias musculares. A suplementação com GAA ou Cr pode restaurar os níveis de Cr no organismo, levando a redução da utilização da Arg e Gly, melhorando o desempenho zootécnico do animal. A Cr é uma substância osmoticamente ativa, e o aumento dos níveis intracelulares, pode levar à entrada de água na célula. Essa maior hidratação induzida pelo aumento da Cr no organismo pode elevar a síntese proteica e reduzir a proteólise. Os nucleotídeos e seus produtos metabólicos desempenham inúmeras funções em vários processos metabólicos do organismo: servem como precursores dos ácidos nucléicos (DNA e RNA), são componentes de coenzimas, mediadores fisiológicos e portadores da energia celular. A manutenção do pool de nucleotídeos celular se dá por duas vias: síntese de um novo nucleotídeo ou via de resgate ou reciclagem. Entretanto, pesquisas têm indicado que esses mecanismos podem não fornecer quantidades necessárias para a manutenção das funções metabólicas essenciais em algumas situações, tais como o rápido crescimento, recuperação de lesões e desafios por doença, além de sugerir que os nucleotídeos podem auxiliar na melhora do desempenho, prevenção e redução do aparecimento de miopatias. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão sobre a importância dos aditivos alimentares, a interação desses com outros nutrientes e como podem influenciar no desempenho e na ocorrência de miopatias peitorais em frangos de corte.metabólicas essenciais em algumas situações, tais como o rápido crescimento, recuperação de lesões e desafios por doença, além de sugerir que os nucleotídeos podem auxiliar na melhora do desempenho, prevenção e redução do aparecimento de miopatias. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão sobre a importância dos aditivos alimentares, a interação desses com outros nutrientes e como podem influenciar no desempenho e na ocorrência de miopatias peitorais em frangos de corte.
Orelha rudimentar congênita em caprinos no Brasil: descritores homogêneos e distribuição geográfica de ecotipo Nambi no Piauí
Authors: Silva M.C. , Almeida M.J.O. , Juliano R.S. , Abreu U.G.P. , Azevêdo D.M. M.R. , Araújo A.M.
Published: December 2024

A orelha rudimentar é uma herança genética de dominância incompleta descrita em caprinos. No Brasil, costuma-se associar a orelha curta (< 8 cm) à um ecotipo de prevalência no semiárido conhecido como Nambi. A pesquisa buscou conhecer a distribuição geográfica deste ecotipo, bem como verificar a homogeneidade da dispersão da métrica comprimento de orelha (CO, cm) nas regiões do Piauí. Assim, verificou-se a disseminação de Nambi em todas as regiões do Piauí. O CO não apresentou diferença pelo teste SNK (P>0,05), enquanto outras medidas corporais diferiram por região. Pela ACP, pode-se ver o componente 2 (78% CO) isolando a região do Alto Gurguéia, região de expansão agrícola onde os caprinos vem perdendo área para o cultivo. A Nambi encontra-se bem distribuída e escassa em todo o Piauí, sendo o comprimento de orelha (cm) um indicador homogêneo que pode ser usado em futuro estudo populacional.
Estimación de las poblaciones locales de ganado lechero en la región noreste de Ucrania según el genotipo de beta-caseína
Authors: Skliarenko Y. , Ladyka V. , Pavlenko J. , Drevytska T. , Dosenko V. , Vechorka V.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es la genotipificación de diferentes razas de ganado lechero según el gen CSN2 (rs43703011), el cálculo, la evaluación y el análisis de las frecuencias de los genotipos y alelos. Utilizando métodos de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real, se ha estudiado el polimorfismo del gen CSN2 (GenBank M55158; SNP rs43703011) en 5 razas de vacas y 4 razas de toros sementales en el noreste de Ucrania. Las frecuencias de los genotipos A1/A1, A1/A2, A2/A2 y los alelos A1 o A2 varían significativamente en vacas de diferentes razas de ganado: raza Lebedyn - 10%, 33%, 57% (0.27 y 0.73); raza lechera Ucraniana Marrón - 8%, 46%, 46% (0.32 y 0.68); raza Simmental - 7%, 51%, 42% (0.33 y 0.67); raza lechera Ucraniana Blanco-y-Negra - 17%, 45%, 38% (0.40 y 0.60); raza lechera Ucraniana Rojo-y-Blanca - 18%, 46%, 36% (0.41 y 0.59). El análisis de la distribución de genes y alelos en el locus de beta-caseína en toros sementales de diferentes razas muestra que las frecuencias de los genotipos varían dentro de los siguientes límites: A1/A1 (0-29%); A1/A2 (38-58%); A2/A2 (30-60%) (frecuencias de alelo A1 = (0.20-0.54) y A2 (0.46-0.80)). Así, los alelos A1 y A2 del gen de la beta-caseína se encuentran tanto en vacas como en toros sementales de razas lecheras, pero con frecuencias diferentes. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran el potencial del trabajo de cría para crear rebaños con ganado de genotipo A2/A2, en particular con las razas Lebedyn y Ucraniana Marrón lechera.
Peso y tiempo de almacenamiento de huevos de gallina criolla sobre índices de incubación
Authors: Tubon D.S. , Zurita J.H. , Navas F.J. , Avilés-Esquivel D.F.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo el presente estudio fue evaluar el peso y tiempo de almacenamiento en huevos de gallinas criollas sobre los índices de incubación. Se recolectaron 810 huevos de un lote de gallinas criollas reproduc-toras de 54 semanas de edad. Se evaluaron 9 tratamientos resultantes de la combinación de tres rangos de pesos (40-50 g, 51-60 g y 61-70 g) y tres tiempos de almacenamiento (5, 9 y 13 días) empleando un diseño experimental en Bloques Completamente al Azar (D.B.C.A) con un arreglo factorial 3x3, con 3 repeticiones por tratamiento, dando un total de 27 unidades experimentales e integrando 30 huevos en cada unidad experimental. La recolección fue en la mañana y la tarde para luego ser pesados y distribuidos en los tratamientos mencionados previamente. Los mejores resultados con el mismo nivel de significancia estadística para incubabilidad fueron T1 (huevos de 40-50 g, almacenados durante 5 días) y T2 (huevos de 40-50 g, almacenados durante 9 días) presentando valores de 84,44% y 82,22% respectivamente. La viabilidad obtuvo el mejor resultado con T1 (96%) y para la mortalidad embrionaria tardía el mejor tratamiento fue T1 (4%), lo que indica que los optimo es incubar huevos de gallina criolla de 40-50g y almacenarlos por 5 días y el tiempo de traslado de la incubadora a la nacedora no sea superior a una hora.
Análisis de la calidad del huevo de gallinas criollas (Gallus domesticus) a diferentes días de conservación al ambiente en la amazonia ecuatoriana
Authors: Andrade-Yucailla V. , Calderón-Tobar A. , Chávez-García D. , Valle Vega L. , Avilés Esquivel D. , Navas-González F.J.
Published: December 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la calidad externa e interna del huevo de gallinas criollas (Gallus domesticus), en la Región Amazónica, el cual permitió conocer hasta que tiempo de conservación se pueden mantener sus características de frescura y calidad. Se evaluaron 240 huevos en 0, 5, 10 y 15 días, los indicadores que se midieron para la calidad externa fueron: El peso del huevo, índice de forma, índice de cáscara y grosor de la cáscara. Para la calidad interna fueron: color de yema, índice de yema y unidades Haugh. Se utilizó un diseño experimental Completamente Aleatorizado (DCA); los datos obtenidos se analizaron con el paquete estadístico STATGRAPHICS versión 15.1 en español (2015). Los resultados obtenidos de la calidad externa no mostraron diferencias significativas, entre los 0 y 15 días de conservación (peso de huevo e índice de forma); la variable grosor de cáscara mostró diferencia, entre los 0 y 15 días, con una disminución de medida al pasar los días de conservación. En las pruebas de calidad interna, el índice de yema, unidades Haugh mostraron que los huevos tuvieron excelente calidad hasta los 5 días con valores entre 92,9, y 92,6, muy bueno a los 10 días con 85,63 y aceptable a los 15 días con 73,63. El color de yema no presentó diferencia, manteniéndose en 9,16 y 9,26 valor determinando como color de yema amarrilla. Se concluyó que la calidad externa e interna de los huevos de gallina criolla están en los rangos de aceptabilidad para el consumo humano en el período estudiado y que el factor días de conservación puede disminuir la calidad de los huevos que se encuentra en la Región.
U.S. Freight Transload Facilities Dataset
Authors: Mitchell Kenneth Ned , Asborno Magdalena , Bhurtyal Sanjeev , Peterson Steven , Kress Marin
Published: December 2024

The U.S. Freight Transload Facilities Dataset provides location information (latitude, longitude, zip, city, county, state)for more than 9,000 facilities across 50 U.S. States where freight may be transferred between waterways, railways, and roadways. The dataset lists the known modes and available direction(s) for freight transfers at each facility as of 2024. The U.S. Freight Transload Facilities dataset was built by mining and fusing several public sources, such as the USACE Master Docks Plus, the USDOT National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD), files from the Intermodal Association of North America (IANA), and the industry publication Bulk Transloader. The dataset constitutes a key piece of a multimodal freight transportation network and routing algorithm developed by USACE-ERDC. The dataset is shared as a .csv file. The dataset is published for research purposes and should not be considered exhaustive or authoritative.
The Implementation of Multicultural Islamic Religious Education in the Families of Primary School-age Children in Putrajawa, Selaawi Garut
Authors: Mukhsin Mukhsin , Muslihudin Muslihudin , Mutaqin Ade Zaenul , Nasir Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The community of Putrajawa, Selaawi Garut, is known for its cultural and religious diversity. Parents face the challenge of ensuring that Islamic religious education within the family instills not only religious understanding but also an appreciation for diversity. Exclusive religious teachings can foster intolerance, making it crucial to embed values of tolerance and inclusivity, especially in primary school-aged children. Parents play a strategic role in teaching these values through multicultural-based Islamic religious education. This study explores the implementation of multicultural Islamic religious education for primary school-aged children in Putrajawa, Selaawi Garut, focusing on the goals, materials, and methods of multicultural education in the family context. The research used a descriptive-qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and triangulation. The results show that parents aim to raise children who are religious, respect diversity, and are tolerant. Educational materials include teaching monotheism, worship, noble morals, cultural diversity, and universal values like justice and respect. Methods include setting good examples, fostering good social relations, promoting independence, and guiding children with gentleness.
Sequência didática no Ensino Superior: a progressão das práticas de linguagem com base em gêneros textuais
Authors: Henrique Marta Aparecida Broietti
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo, uma síntese de uma tese de doutorado, é fazer um relato das etapas de construção da pesquisa, partindo das bases teóricas até as análises feitas a partir dos dados coletados durante a aplicação do projeto em sala de aula. Primeiramente, o artigo mostra os princípios norteadores do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo de Jean-Paul Bronckart e do Grupo da Didática de Línguas de Genebra. Depois, apresenta a construção e a aplicação das ferramentas didáticas utilizadas em sala de aula em torno de dois gêneros selecionados (crônica argumentativa e resenha crítica) para a realização das sequências didáticas, por meio do método da pesquisa-ação, com a aplicação do projeto feita em uma turma do curso de Pedagogia pela pesquisadora-professora. Por fim, aponta que são profícuos e necessários os projetos didáticos integrados para desenvolver atividades de práticas de linguagem com mais de um gênero da mesma ordem tipológica.
Metadiscursividade e memória: dentro das quatro linhas da instituição
Authors: Atalla Bruna
Published: December 2024

Proponho-me a analisar, no campo da Linguística Aplicada, na perspectiva discursiva da Análise do Discurso Francesa, expressões metadiscursivas (Maingueneau, 1997, p. 93) em textos jornalísticos publicados no período correspondente ao anúncio da contratação de Cuca como técnico de futebol do Corinthians, até os dias seguintes a sua renúncia. A demissão remete a uma condenação, por violência sexual praticada em 1987. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar como a metadiscursividade remete a relações interdiscursivas do que chamei instituição “futebol brasileiro” com a(s) jornalística(s), ambas as instituições forjadas a partir de um território simbólico da realidade brasileira (Duarte Júnior, 1984, p. 53). Os resultados indicam que entre os polos futebol-força e futebol-arte, a representação predominante do jogador brasileiro é a da arte.