bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DAN RESPON MASYARAKAT TERHADAP POTENSI AKAN DIBUKANYA WISATA HALAL DI KABUPATEN BATUBARA
Authors: Putra Reza Suganda
Published: June 2023

Halal tourism aims to increase satisfaction to the community or tourists in the tourism industry on Pandang Island, Tanjung Tiram District, Batubara Regency. The main problem in this research is the background because there is still infrastructure that is not yet available and the weakness of halal tourism in terms of facilities, services, and cleanliness in tourist objects. This study aims to determine how the influence of infrastructure development for Pulau Pandang Halal Tourism on the public's response to the potential for the opening of Pulau Pandang Halal Tourism, Tanjung Tiram District, Batubara Regency. In writing this thesis, the author uses a field research approach, data analysis with validity tests, reliability tests, and simple regression tests using the SPSS 20.0 application. The results of the study indicate that the infrastructure development of Pulau Pandang Halal Tourism has a significant influence on the public's response to the potential for the opening of Pulau Pandang Halal Tourism, Tanjung Tiram District, Batubara Regency. The level of influence can be seen from R square is 58.4%, while the remaining 41.6% is influenced by other factors
PENGARUH AKAD MUDHARABAH TERHADAP MINAT NASABAH PADA BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH GEBU PRIMA MEDAN
Authors: Supriana Supriana , Nasution Ahmad Adib , Pratami Arifa
Published: June 2023

Penelitianini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh akad mudharabah terhadap minat nasabah pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah Gebu Prima Medan. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu akad mudharabah (x) dan minat nasabah (Y).Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer.Responden yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 43 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS 25  untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum tentang hubungan antara satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel akad mudharabah memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan  terhadap minat nasabah.
PENERAPAN AKAD MURABAHAH PADA PEMBIAYAAN KPR SYARIAH DI BANK SUMUT SYARIAH CABANG RINGROAD MEDAN SELAYANG
Authors: Safitri Rizky Nur , Ghani Nahar Alang Abdul , Agustami Eli
Published: June 2023

A house is a basic human need, but the soaring house prices rarely make people able to buy a house in cash. This is where the Bank bridges the interests of home buyers and sellers by offering mortgage products (House Ownership Credit), but the interest system used in conventional banks is a usury transaction which is prohibited for Muslims. The emergence of Islamic banking is a positive thing for Muslims who need facilities from usury-free banking. However, the development of Islamic banks in Indonesia is still far below that of conventional banks, this is an illustration that most of the Muslim community in Indonesia do not fully believe in using Islamic banks. On this basis, the author examines and discusses the application of the murabahah contract in Islamic mortgage financing at the North Sumatra Islamic Bank branch Ringroad Medan Selayang. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with case study theory which aims to describe the application of murabahah contracts to Islamic mortgage financing at the North Sumatra Islamic Bank Ringroad Medan Selayang branch and to find out how the implementation of murabahah contracts in Islamic mortgage financing at Bank Sumut Syariah Ringroad Medan Selayang Branch and how the impact of the implementation of the murabahah contract on Islamic mortgage financing at Bank Sumut Syariah Ringroad Medan Selayang Branch. Techniques for collecting data using interview techniques, namely by conducting questions and answers with officers, employees and authorities (authorized) and documentation to seek information regarding the implementation of murabahah contracts in Islamic mortgage financing. The data analysis technique used descriptive method. The results of this study, the implementation of the DSN-MUI fatwa on murabahah on the practice of murabahah financing in Sharia mortgage financing carried out by the Harmoni branch of BTN Syariah is appropriate and implemented especially in the murabahah bil wakalah financing model and treatment for defaulting customers..
MINAT JUAL BELI ONLINE SHOP MASYARAKAT MENURUT HUKUM BISNIS ISLAM
Authors: Batubara Ummairah , Ghani Nahar Alang Abdul
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the assumption that buying and selling interest will greatly affect a business or online shop when a business or online shop they use provides good service and provides satisfaction to consumers. against consumers, from delivering defective products to fraud. This research was conducted in the Department of Islamic Economics, Faculty of Islamic Religion, Islamic University of North Sumatra. The population is 100 people, the sample is taken by accidental sampling, namely the technique of determining the sample based on chance if it is considered that the person who happened to be met is suitable as a data source, totaling 30 students. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation.The researcher analyzed the data by using quantitative descriptive method by conducting statistical tests. To analyze the data, the researcher used research instrument test, classical assumption test and hypothesis test. From the results of this study, it was found that the relationship between online shop buying and selling interest on Islamic business law was 0.683, which was strong. And the coefficient of determination is 0.434. This means that the contribution given by the interest variable to customer satisfaction is 43.4% while the remaining 56.6% is influenced by other variables that are not in this study. And the view of Islamic economics regarding the variable of buying and selling interest is appropriate, because based on the verse of the Koran QS An-Nisa '/4: 29, Buyers carry out buying and selling (commerce) with online shops based on consensual, also have a contract that was agreed at the beginning. And achieve the target of customer satisfaction.
Assessing the Internal Critical Success Factors of Service Quality in Boatels: A Case Study of Egypt
Authors: Moussa Mohamed , Elziny Mohammed N. , Hussein Ahmed M.
Published: June 2023

Critical success factors (CSFs) are inputs that, directly or indirectly, can contribute to a project's success. CSFs contain a variety of components, traits, requirements, or characteristics that, if properly upheld, can have a significant impact on the project's performance. Primarily internal and exterior CSFs can be easily recognized. Each of these factors cost a lot of investment whether it is internal or external. Finding essential internal success variables that have an impact on service quality for better use of investment is the aim of this study. Holistically, this study aims to examine the key success internal factors and their impact on providing high-quality service in Cruises. Internal CSFs include six variables. i.e., Senior Management Experiences, Human Resources Management (HRM), Customer focus Service culture, Management Information System (MIS), and Social Responsibility. A scale for each of these variables was used. Two hundred sixty-four returned forms were analyzed using Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the measurement model of service quality internal critical success factors using AMOS 4. Keywords: internal CSFs, CSF elements, service quality (SQ), cruise
Discharge Coefficient of Contracted Rectangular Sharp-Crested Weirs, an Experimental Study
Authors: Al-Suhili Rafea Hashim Shakir , Karim Rizgar , Qadir Wazira Ezzat Qadir
Published: June 2023

An experimental study is made here to investigate the discharge coefficient for contracted rectangular Sharp crested weirs. Three Models are used, each with different weir width to flume width ratios (0.333, 0.5, and 0.666). The experimental work is conducted in a standard flume with high-precision head and flow measuring devices. Results are used to find a dimensionless equation for the discharge coefficient variation with geometrical, flow, and fluid properties. These are the ratio of the total head to the weir height, the ratio of the contracted weir width to the flume width, the ratio of the total head to the contracted width, and Reynolds and Weber numbers. Results show that the relationship between the discharge coefficient and these variables is a non-linear power function with a determination coefficient of 0.97. The importance and normalized importance analysis show that 56.3 % of the discharge coefficient variation is explained by the head-to-contracted width of the weir ratio followed by lower effects of the other variables, namely 16.5, 13.7, 12.4, and 1.2 % for contracted width to flume width ratio, Reynolds number, the head to the contracted width ratio, and Weber, respectively. The effect of the Weber number on the discharge coefficient is much lower than that of the Reynolds number.
A Modified Vigenère Cipher based on Time and Biometrics features
Authors: Esttaifan Bashar Adel
Published: June 2023

Biometrics is widely used with security systems nowadays; each biometric modality can be useful and has distinctive properties that provide uniqueness and ambiguity for security systems especially in communication and network technologies. This paper is about using biometric features of fingerprint, which is called (minutiae) to cipher a text message and ensure safe arrival of data at receiver end. The classical cryptosystems (Caesar, Vigenère, etc.) became obsolete methods for encryption because of the high-performance machines which focusing on repetition of the key in their attacks to break the cipher. Several Researchers of cryptography give efforts to modify and develop Vigenère cipher by enhancing its weaknesses. The proposed method uses local feature of fingerprint represented by minutiae positions to overcome the problem of repeated key to perform encryption and decryption of a text message, where, the message will be ciphered by a modified Vigenère method. Unlike the old usual method, the key constructed from fingerprint minutiae depend on instantaneous date and time of ciphertext generation. The Vigenère table consist of 95 elements: case sensitive letters, numbers, symbols and punctuation.  The simulation results (with MATLAB 2021b) show that the original message cannot be reconstructed without the presence of the key which is a function of the date and time of generation. Where 720 different keys can be generated per day which mean 1440 distinct ciphertexts can be obtained for the same message daily.
Floral nectary structure, nectar presentation and morpho-anatomical analysis of male‐fertile and male‐sterile anthers in onion (Allium cepa, Amaryllidaceae)
Authors: Gonzalez Ana Maria , Maldonado Irma B. , Galmarini Claudio , Peralta Iris
Published: June 2023

Background and aims: The onion (Allium cepa var. cepa) is an allogamous species in which male-sterile lines have been developed. However, the structure of the flower and floral nectaries have only been briefly described. The objective of this study is to update the floral anatomy data, comparing the gynoecium and androecium of male-fertile and male-sterile lines, and to analyze the three-dimensional structure of the floral nectary.
M&M: Conventional optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used.
Results: Fertile and sterile male flowers have the same structural organization. The septal or gynopleural nectary is organized in three zones: 1) production area formed by the glandular tissue arranged radially in the septa of the ovary, 2) discharge zone: a small channel at the apex connects the nectariferous tissue with the pocket formed between the ovary wall and the overlying ridge, and 3) presentation and harvest zone, where the excreted nectar accumulates, formed between the widened base of the inner staminal filaments opposite the ovary.
Conclusions: The only anatomical differences in the flowers sterile male lines are the lack of pollen production and the absence of dehiscence, despite having a normal stomium and anther wall. The floral nectaries of onion are a clear example of secondary presentation of nectar.
Quick Assessment of the Lower Limit of Cerebral Autoregulation Using Transcranial Doppler during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Desebbe Olivier , Bachelard Etienne , Deperdu Marie , Manet Romain , Alexander Brenton , Beuvelot Johanne , Nloga Joseph , Joosten Alexandre , Gergelé Laurent
Published: June 2023

Background: During cardiac surgery, maintaining a mean arterial pressure (MAP) within the range of cerebral autoregulation (CA) may prevent postoperative morbidity. The lower limit of cerebral autoregulation (LLA) can be determined using the mean velocity index (Mx). The standard Mx is averaged over a ten second period (Mx10s) while using a two second averaging period (Mx2s) is faster and may record more rapid variations in LLA. The objective of this study is to compare a quick determination of LLA (qLLA) using Mx2s with the reference LLA (rLLA) using Mx10s. Methods: Single center, retrospective, observational study. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. From January 2020 to April 2021, perioperative transcranial doppler measuring cerebral artery velocity was placed on cardiac surgery patients in order to correlate with continuous MAP values. Calculation of each patient’s Mx was manually determined after the surgery and qLLA and rLLA were then calculated using a threshold value of Mx >0.4. Results: 55 patients were included. qLLA was found in 78% of the cases versus 47% for rLLA. Despite a –3 mmHg mean bias, limits of agreement were large [–19 mmHg (95% CI: –13; –25), and +13 mmHg (95% CI: +6; +19)]. There was an important interobserver variability (kappa rLLA = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.24–0.66; and Kappa qLLA = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.20–0.52). Conclusions: Calculation of qLLA is feasible. However, the large limits of agreement and significant interobserver variability prevent any clinical utility or interchangeability with rLLA.
Comparative Panel File: Codebook for CPF v.1.5
Authors: Turek Konrad , Voets Isabel , Kalmijn Matthijs
Published: June 2023

Comparative Panel File (CPF) is an open science project to harmonize the world’s major and longest-running household panel surveys. CPF provides an open-source code to construct a comparative dataset based on the original data from the household panel surveys. The project has been developed by Konrad Turek, Matthijs Kalmijn and Thomas Leopold. More information at: www.cpfdata.com. The Codebook presents an overview of variables included in the CPF database in version 1.5. It includes definition, labels and response categories, total frequencies and cross-tabulation by country, additional notes, presentation of original questions and source variables.
Experiment ended
Authors: end exp
Published: June 2023

A committee has recommended that Cornell University pull several papers by former dean of Weill Cornell Medicine, Augustine M. K. Choi.
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: June 2023

A journal editor once told us authors
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: June 2023

Chemist who cooked data claims PhD years after it was revoked
MANUAL DE APLICACIONES DE INFORMATICA APLICADAS A AGRONOMIA
Authors: Martinez Carlos Roberto Martinez
Published: June 2023

Selección de herramientas informáticas aplicadas a la agronomía, para fortalecer el aprovechamiento tecnológico en la producción agronómica
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: June 2023

Govt committee in Pakistan lets plagiarizing
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: June 2023

Retraction due to incorrect top 50 papers list
Article on ivermectin, COVID and the microbiome probed by Frontiers in Microbiology
Authors: Covid-Bard AI
Published: June 2023

Frontiers in Microbiology has published an expression of concern for an article that proposed that ivermectin protects against COVID-19 via its effects on the microbiome.
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Nasabah Tabungan Simantap Pada PT. Bank Mandiri Taspen Kantor Cabang Padang
Authors: Zulvahendi Ardeand , fernos jhon
Published: June 2023

The aim is to find out the number of customers saving, as well as knowing the efforts made to increase the interest of SIMANTAP savings customers at PT. Bank Mandiri Taspen Padang Kantor Cabang Padang. Interest is a person's feeling of attraction to an object. The method used in this research is direct research so that the data obtained is original from reliable sources using observation techniques, literature studies and using descriptive discussion techniques. The development of the number of SIMANTAP savings customers at PT. Bank Mandiri Taspen Kantor Cabang Padang experienced an increase although the increase was not significant. In this case the efforts made are to continue promoting savings products and conducting outreach to places that have obtained permits. Advertising in the form of brochures by visiting prospective customers directly, publicity aims to maintain good relations with the community.
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: June 2023

Retraction of a paper with authorships advertised for sale
Task relevance and individual differences modulate the effects of grammatical gender and gender stereotypes on object conceptualization
Authors: Tunalı Elif Tutku , Jourdane Morgane , Kanero Junko
Published: June 2023

Grammatical gender (GG) affects thought, but to what extent? We investigated how the impact of GG on object conceptualization changes depending on (1) the relevance of GG to the task, (2) gender stereotypes of speakers, and (3) whether object names can be subvocalized. Across three studies, participants completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT), Explicit Gender Attribution Task (EGAT), and Gender Role Attitudes Scale. In the IAT, native Turkish speakers (genderless language) were affected only by stereotypical gender (SG; Study I). Native French speakers (GG language) were affected by both GG and SG (Study II), but verbal interference disrupted the GG effect (Study III). Gender role attitudes also modulated the effects of GG and SG. Our study demonstrates that, even when irrelevant to the task, GG automatically intervenes with object conceptualization, and is among the first to show that the individual’s attitudes can modulate the effects of linguistic categories on conceptualization.
Suppression of a salient distractor protects the processing of target features
Authors: Narhi-Martinez William , Dube Blaire , Chen Jiageng , Leber Andrew B. , Golomb Julie
Published: June 2023

We are often bombarded with salient stimuli that capture our attention and distract us from our current goals. Decades of research has shown the robust detrimental impacts of salient distractors on search performance and, of late, in leading to altered feature perception. These feature errors can be quite extreme, and thus, undesirable. In search tasks, salient distractors can be suppressed if they appear more frequently in one location, and this learned spatial suppression can lead to reductions in the cost of distraction as measured by reaction time slowing. Can learned spatial suppression also protect against visual feature errors? To investigate this question, participants were cued to report one of four briefly presented colored squares on a color wheel. On two-thirds of trials, a salient distractor appeared around one of the nontarget squares, appearing more frequently in one location over the course of the experiment. Participants' responses were fit to a model estimating performance parameters and compared across conditions. Our results showed that general performance (guessing and precision) improved when the salient distractor appeared in a likely location relative to elsewhere. Critically, feature swap errors (probability of misreporting the color at the salient distractor’s location) were also significantly reduced when the distractor appeared in a likely location, suggesting that learned spatial suppression of a salient distractor helps protect the processing of target features. This study provides evidence that, in addition to helping us avoid salient distractors, suppression likely plays a larger role in helping to prevent distracting information from being encoded.
Don’t SNARC me now! Intraindividual variability of cognitive phenomena – insights from the Ironman paradigm
Authors: Roth Lilly , Jordan Verena , Schwarz Stefania , Willmes Klaus , Nuerk Hans-Christoph , van Dijck Jean-Philippe , Cipora Krzysztof
Published: June 2023

Two implicit generalizations are often made from group-level studies in cognitive experimental psychology and their common statistical analysis in the general linear model: (1) Group-level phenomena are assumed to be present in every participant with variations between participants being often treated as random error in data analyses; (2) phenomena are assumed to be stable over time. In this preregistered study, we investigated the validity of these generalizations in the commonly used parity judgment task. In the proposed Ironman paradigm, the intraindividual presence and stability of three popular numerical cognition effects were tested in 10 participants on 30 days: the SNARC (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes, i.e., faster left-/right-sided responses to small/large magnitude numbers, respectively; Dehaene et al., 1993), MARC (Linguistic Markedness of Response Codes; i.e., faster left-/right-sided responses to odd/even numbers, respectively; Nuerk et al., 2004), and Odd (i.e., faster responses to even numbers; Hines et al., 1990) effects. We replicated the group-level effects; however, they were reliably present in only four to five (SNARC), six (MARC) or five (Odd) of 10 participants. Fluctuations seemed unsystematic, although the SNARC effect decreased over time along with reaction times. No correlation between the SNARC and MARC effects and sleep duration, tiredness, daytime, and consumption of stimulants were detected in most participants. These results challenge the frequent generalizations from group-level phenomena to individual participants and from single sessions to typical behavior. The innovative Ironman paradigm combined with bootstrap analyses permits unique insights into the intraindividual presence and stability of cognitive phenomena.
Smaller Hippocampal Subfield Volumes Predict Greater Improvements in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Over Two Years
Authors: DeGutis Joe , Sullivan Danielle R. , Agnoli Sam , Stumps Anna , Logue Mark , Brown Emma , Verfaellie Mieke , Milberg William , McGlinchey Regina , Esterman Michael
Published: June 2023

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous disorder and symptom severity varies over time. Neurobiological factors that predict PTSD symptoms and their chronicity remain unclear. This study investigated whether the volumes of the hippocampus and its subfields are associated with current PTSD symptoms and whether they predict PTSD symptom changes over two years. We examined clinical and structural MRI measures from 252 trauma-exposed post-9/11 Veterans (159 with PTSD diagnosis) during assessments approximately two years apart. Automated hippocampal subfield segmentation was performed with FreeSurfer v7.1, producing 19 bilateral subfields. PTSD symptoms were measured at each assessment using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-IV (CAPS). All models included total intracranial volume as a covariate. First, similar to previous reports, we showed that smaller overall hippocampal volume was associated with greater PTSD symptom severity at Time 1. Notably, after multiple comparison correction we found that smaller Time 1 hippocampal volumes in the bilateral Cornu Ammonis (CA) 1-body and molecular layer HP-body predicted decreased PTSD symptom severity at Time 2. These findings were not accounted for by combat exposure or treatment history. Additionally, both Time 1 CA1 body and molecular layer-HP body volume showed unique associations with changes in avoidance/numbing but not with changes in re-experiencing or hyperarousal symptoms. The current results suggest a more nuanced relationship between hippocampal structure and PTSD symptoms than previous studies, such that a relatively smaller overall hippocampal volume is associated with greater PTSD symptoms, whereas a smaller body of the CA1 is associated with PTSD symptom reduction over time.
Who are we missing? Self-selection bias in nonsuicidal self-injury research
Authors: Robinson Kealagh , Dayer Koosje , Mirichlis Sylvanna , Hasking Penelope , Wilson Marc
Published: June 2023

Background: Despite the threat of self-selection bias to the generalisability of research findings, remarkably little is known about who chooses to take part in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) research specifically. We aimed to establish the extent of willingness to take part in NSSI research within a commonly sampled population before assessing whether individual differences in demographic characteristics, NSSI lived experience, and participation experiences were associated with willingness to take part in future NSSI research.Methods: New Zealand university students (n = 3098) completed self-report measures of their NSSI, psychological distress, emotion dysregulation, experience of their participation in the current study, and willingness to participate in future NSSI research.Results: Most participants (78.2%) indicated that they were willing to take part in future NSSI research. Men, older participants, people with NSSI lived experience, and those with more frequent past-year NSSI were more likely to be willing to take part in future NSSI research. Participants who reported a more positive subjective experience of the current study also indicated greater willingness.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate systematic differences in who is willing to take part in NSSI research. Future research should implement methodological and statistical approaches to mitigate the impact of self-selection bias on NSSI research.
Reflection-Philosophy Order Effects and Correlations: Aggregating and comparing results from mTurk, CloudResearch, Prolific, and undergraduate samples
Authors: Byrd Nick
Published: June 2023

How does reflective thinking impact decisions about ethics, mind, politics, or other philosophical domains? Reflective reasoning often correlates with better decision-making performance and certain philosophical preferences (e.g., utilitarian moral decisions). However, experiments suggest that reflection is not always the cause of these outcomes. Further, some evidence casts doubt on the trustworthiness of data from certain online crowd work platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk). This paper reports results of a pre-registered experiment on participants from multiple sources (mTurk, CloudResearch, Prolific, and a university). The experiment investigated how reflective thinking relates to judgments about philosophical thought experiments (concerning knowledge, morality, personal identity, and more). First- and third-party data quality measures found up to 18 times as much low-quality data from mTurk as other sources. Analyzing across participant sources, some prior correlations between reflection and certain philosophical tendencies replicated (e.g., denying that accidentally true beliefs count as knowledge). However, a common reflection test prime had no detectable effect on the corresponding philosophical preferences. Rather, a philosophical reflection effect emerged: thinking through philosophical vignettes before taking a reflection test improved test performance—but only among those that passed the data quality checks. Together, these data suggest that the direction of causation between reflective and philosophical thinking may be the opposite of what dual process theories have suggested, and that researchers’ ability to detect such relationships can depend on participant source and data quality.
Prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in five cities of India: A cross-sectional descriptive study
Authors: Parmila Malik  , Atul Khajuria  , Khattri Jyotsana , Singh Lalit , Veeresh VG
Published: June 2023

Background: Neonatal thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count <150,000/μL can be mild, moderate, or severe thrombocytopenia. The platelet production in neonates begins early at 5 weeks of gestation and reaches the adults count by 24–28 weeks. The platelet disorders are due to impaired platelet production or increased platelet destruction and sequestration. The onset of neonatal thrombocytopenia occurs within 72 h and late onset develops the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage. Hence, the knowledge regarding the incidence and occurrence is vital.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to study the prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in India.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed, A total of 3250 neonates were assessed for the prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia using non-probability convenient sampling technique studies at various cities such as Lucknow, Panipat, Sonipat, Gohana, and Delhi. The data relating to levels of platelets were assessed for all the samples.
Results: The present study revealed that the prevalence rate of neonatal thrombocytopenia was 3.4% at various cities in India.
Conclusion: The present study assessed the prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia this determines the early intervention and prevention of the complication in relation to neonatal thrombocytopenia.
A study of the risk factors and outcome in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed presenting to a tertiary care center in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand
Authors: Alka  , Subhash Chandra Joshi  , Vivekanand Satyawali  , Yatendra Singh  , Arun joshi
Published: June 2023

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to blood loss within the intraluminal GI tract from any location between the upper esophagi to the duodenum at the level of the ligament of Treitz. Bleeding from the upper GI tract may present as hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, occult GI bleeding, and anemia.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the risk factors and outcome in upper GI bleed patients presenting to a tertiary care center in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. The primary objective was to estimate the proportion of mortality in upper GI bleed patients attending a tertiary care center. The secondary objective was to study the risk factors associated with upper GI bleed and their effect on mortality.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based observational prospective clinical study, carried out in the Department of General medicine, Dr. Susheela Tiwari Memorial Hospital and associated Government Medical College, Haldwani, from January 2020 to September 2021 after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee and informed consent from the patient or patient relatives. Statistical testing has been conducted with the Statistical Package for the Social Science software (SPSS version 20.0).
Results: The factors associated with mortality using multivariate analysis were high international normalized ratio (INR), low albumin, raised serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminas, high Child Pugh Score, and high model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score found to be significant.
Conclusion: The mortality rate in our patients was 18% and factors associated with increased mortality were high INR, low Albumin, raised creatinine, high Child Pugh Score, high MELD score, and presence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Tension band wiring of fracture distal end of clavicle: Favorable clinical outcome among the patients
Authors: Kumar Chanda Ashoke , Banerjee Kallol , Mondal Abhimanyu , Sarkar Dipayan , Roy Rajiv , Bank Bivas
Published: June 2023

Background: A fracture of the clavicle is common traumatic injury. It can be classified into middle third, medial third, and distal third fractures. Around 10–15% of clavicle fractures occur in the distal third. The ideal method of fixation in distal third clavicle fracture remains controversial till date.
Aims and Objectives: The clinical outcome of the patients having fracture of the distal end clavicle using rigid fixation with tension band wiring (TBW) with Kirshner wires and SS wire to be assessed instead of other conventional procedures.
Materials and Methods: Eight patients of Neer type II closed distal-third clavicle fracture of <3 weeks of duration were included in our study. The fractures were reduced by open reduction and fixed with TBW with two K-wires and SS wire.
Results: The mean average age of patients was 41.87 years. All fractures united clinically and radiologically. The mean average time of union was 12 weeks. There was two case of hardware prominence, no fracture related complications. One case of superficial infection was found in study. All of them regained near normal range of motion, and the mean average constant Murley score for distal clavicle fracture at the end of 1 year was 88. At the end of 1 year follow-up, all patients had reached their pre-injury performance levels.
Conclusion: There was an encouraging result with TBW in distal third clavicle fracture in our study. This technique is simple with lesser need of expertise and is also cost effective.
A comparative study between the use of the combination of trichloroacetic acid peeling with hydroquinone and hydroquinone alone in patients with melasma
Authors: Adhikari Sabina , Sushil Karki  , Anand Nepal  , Kathit Raj Ghimire
Published: June 2023

Background: Melasma is a common acquired pigmentary disorder that is aesthetically displeasing. Kligman’s and Modified Kligman’s formula using topical steroids, hydroquinone and retinoids, and various other depigmenting agents is being widely used all over for melasma with varying results. Chemical peeling is newly added to the therapeutic armamentarium and is showing encouraging results worldwide in patients with melasma. However, comparative studies are lacking in abundance in our part of the world.
Aims and Objectives: To determine if serial trichloroacetic acid peels provide additional benefits when combined with time-tested topical therapy with hydroquinone 4% in patients with melasma.
Materials and Methods: Fifty melasma patients were divided into two groups of 25 each. One group received serial trichloroacetic acid peel combined with topical hydroquinone 4%. The other group only received topical hydroquinone 4% cream. The results were evaluated by a clinical investigator both subjectively and with photographs taken at baseline, 12 weeks, and 21 weeks. For clinical evaluation, the melasma area and severity index (MASI) was used.
Results: A significant decrease in MASI score from baseline to 21 weeks was observed in both groups (P<0.001). The group receiving the trichloroacetic acid peel 20% showed a trend toward more rapid and greater improvement, with statistically significant results (P<0.001). Only a few side effects were observed in the peel group.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that serial trichloroacetic acid peels provide an additional effect to a topical regimen of 4% hydroquinone cream for treating melasma in Fitzpatrick skin types III and above if used judiciously and under supervision. It demonstrates that superficial chemical peels can be used as an adjunct with better efficacy to treat patients with melasma.
Evaluation of serum mineral micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg) and their correlation with clinical parameters (gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss) in chronic periodontitis patients
Authors: Anusree Raju  , Sanjeev Ravindran  , Shyamala Devi MP  , Shaheena KP  , Anusha Anish  , Hari S Pillai  , Annamala PT
Published: June 2023

Background: Nutrition especially micro-mineral nutrients plays a major role in the etiology of chronic periodontitis. Serum levels of micro-mineral nutrients can be used as markers for the incidence of periodontitis and may also be used as indicators for dietary supplementation.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate the serum levels of Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mg of chronic periodontitis patients and normal healthy controls., to measure the clinical parameters (gingival index, probing pocket depth [PPD], and clinical attachment loss) in chronic periodontitis patients and normal healthy controls., to compare the levels of serum Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mg levels of chronic periodontitis patients and healthy controls and to correlate the levels of serum micronutrients with clinical parameters (gingival index, PPD, and clinical attachment loss) in chronic periodontitis patients and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: A total of 110 subjects, 55 subjects with chronic periodontitis and 55 healthy control subjects in the age group 35–65 years were selected for the study. Serum micronutrient levels of Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg, and the clinical parameters were measured.
Results: Serum concentrations of Cu and Fe showed statistically significant increase and serum Zn and Mg showed a significant decrease in peridontitis patients as compared to normal healthy controls. Copper and Fe showed a significant positive correlation and Zn and Mg showed a significant negative correlation with clinical parameters (gingival index, PPD, and clinical attachment loss).
Conclusion: The present study supports and extends the view that the assessment of serum mineral micronutrient can serve as possible biomarkers or indicators for an inflammatory condition like chronic periodontitis.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are useful markers of inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome?
Authors: Vedavathi V  , Veerabhadra Goud GK  , Sudha V Patil  , Rajeev Gandham
Published: June 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by hyperinsulinemia, abnormal lipid levels, altered hormonal milieu such as elevated androgen levels, and chronic anovulation. PCOS is one of the important reasons for infertility. PCOS is the most common cause of irregular menstruation with diverse clinical manifestations affecting women of reproductive age.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to examine systemic inflammatory markers that can be detected in complete blood count, such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in patients with PCOS and to compare them with healthy women.
Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka. After following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 160 subjects were included. Among them, 80 were PCOS patients as cases and 80 were healthy women as controls. A detailed clinical and gynecological history was obtained from all subjects. Women presenting gynecology OPD in the group of 15–45 years with irregular menstrual cycles were included in the study. The diagnosis of PCOS was done according to the Rotterdam criteria, diagnosis of PCOS requires the presence of at least two of the following three symptoms: (1) oligomenorrhea/polymenorrhea; (2) biochemical hyperandrogenism (Ferriman–Gallwey scores of ≥8) or the presence of clinical hyperandrogenism; and (3) detection of polycystic ovaries in an ultrasonographic examination (≥12 follicles, 2–10 mm in size). Under aseptic conditions, venous blood samples were collected from all the subjects to assess the hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), inflammatory markers, white blood cells, neutrophils (N), lymphocytes (L), and platelets. NLR and PLR were calculated. Lipid profiles were obtained in the fasting state.
Results: In the present study, BMI 24.5±4.1 kg/m2, total cholesterol 160.1±24.2 mg/dL, triglyceride 99.1±28.1 mg/dL, LDLC 99.1±25.1 mg/dL, LH 8.4±3.8 mIU/mL, LH/FSH ratio 1.2±0.91, lymphocytes 16.30±4.69, NLR 5.73±1.91, and PLR 17.01±7.13 were significantly increased in PCOS cases and HDLC 39.7±6.2 mg/dL and FSH 6.1±1.1 mIU/mL were decreased in PCOS cases compared to healthy controls.
Conclusion: The study concludes that increased inflammatory markers such as NLR and PLR in PCOS cases compared to the age-matched individuals in the control group, suggesting the presence of chronic low-grade inflammation in PCOS cases of early reproductive age.
Correlation between estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum electrolytes in chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Ramkrishna Nagar  , Dinesh Kumar Malviya  , Manoj Indurkar
Published: June 2023

Background: The occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) a highly prevalent condition has been escalating in recent years. Electrolytes are the key to homeostasis and furthermore, their regulation is dependent upon renal function. CKD is associated with aberrations in the metabolism of electrolytes such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to study the correlation between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum electrolytes in CKD patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. One hundred patients with CKD aged 18 years or above were enrolled with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Complete blood investigations, urine analysis and ultrasonographic findings for detection of CKD were done and a semi-structured pro forma was used to record clinical profile in a cross-sectional study and patients were grouped into their respective CKD stages based on their eGFR.
Results: The mean value of eGFR was 40.92±21.35 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean value of serum sodium, calcium, magnesium, and potassium was 137.1±2.16 meq/L, 9.15±0.61 mg/dL, 3.16±0.93 mg/dL, and 4.65±0.96 meq/L, respectively. In the present study, we found that the mean serum magnesium levels in Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of CKD were 2.10±0.20, 2.10±0.28, 2.74±0.50, 3.95±0.54, and 4.66±0.43 mg/dL, respectively. Mean serum magnesium levels were the mean serum potassium levels in Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of CKD were 4.13±0.57, 4.15±0.68, 3.86±0.41, 5.55±0.39, and 6.25±0.08 meq/L, respectively. The mean serum calcium levels in Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of CKD were 9.83±0.05, 9.79±0.20, 9.43±0.27, 8.72±0.38, and 7.8±0.10 mg/dL, respectively. The mean serum sodium levels in Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of CKD were 137.33±0.57, 136.43±2.87, 136.92±2.15, 137.51±1.90, and 137.5±2.07 meq/L, respectively.
Conclusion: There was significant rise in serum potassium and magnesium levels with decrease in eGFR in CKD patients. There was significant fall in serum calcium levels with decrease in eGFR in CKD patients. There was no significant correlation between serum sodium levels and eGFR in CKD patients.
Study to assess the association of PMS with sociodemographic factors and various coping behaviors adopted for premenstrual symptoms
Authors: Deepika Badkur  , Suchita Singh  , Vibha Arjaria  , Arun Wanjpe
Published: June 2023

Background: Some women get through their monthly periods easily with few or no concerns. However, other women experience a host of physical and/or emotional symptoms just before and during menstruation (heavy bleeding and missed periods to unmanageable mood swings). These premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms usually start to be problematic in the adolescent years and decline in the climacteric. Symptoms have a devastating effect which starts early in life.
Aims and Objectives: The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of PMS and its association with sociodemographic factors among female students of colleges situated in Ujjain city and coping behavior adopted to alleviate these symptoms.
Materials and Methods: An observational follow-up study was conducted at 4 colleges selected by convenience sampling located in Ujjain city. PMS and menstrual profile-related data from 250 girls (18–25 years) who consented to participate were collected using a modified version of the Daily Record of Severity of Problems for at least 2 consecutive menstrual cycles. The diagnosis of PMS was made using the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology criteria. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0.
Results: The prevalence of PMS was 39.6% and was not associated with any of the sociodemographic factors. It was found that majority of participants turned to healthy way of dealing with symptoms, i.e., taking hot or cold beverages and talking to family members.
Conclusion: The frequency of PMS is relatively common in young girls, and most of the girls adopt home remedies to alleviate symptoms.
Serum malondialdehyde in different stages of chronic renal disorder
Authors: Sagar Pallavi , Pranay Kumar , Shekhar Ravi , Prit Pal Singh  , Kumar Praveen
Published: June 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread public health problem, which may have several adverse consequences such as renal failure, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. Kidney-related pathologies have increasing prevalence rates, produce a considerable financial burden, and are characterized by elevated levels of oxidative stress (OS). Several markers emerged as well-suited indicators of OS such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxides. The reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes status and increased production of MDA in the CKD patients confirm the presence of OS. The alteration in antioxidant status and MDA in CKD patients supports the role of OS in CKD patient.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare serum MDA in different stages of CKD with that of control. It is well known that inflammation has an important role in CKD and MDA is an oxidant biomarker.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study having 400 participants with 300 known cases of CKD and 100 healthy controls. Serum MDA levels were measured by thiobarbituric acid assay.
Results: There was a significant difference between the groups regarding the MDA values (P<0.001) with that of control. The mean MDA value in Stage III (5.64±1.93 Umol/L), Stage IV (6.14±1.584 Umol/L), and Stage V (10.761±3.347 U moL/L) of CKD patients were high in comparison to healthy control (1.88±0.181 U mol/L).
Conclusion: We concluded that MDA is a useful biomarker in CKD patients. The correlations of serum MDA among different stages of CKD patients were significant. Larger studies focused on CKD severity and antioxidant/oxidant biomarkers are required.