bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tailoring Optical Forces Behavior in Nano-optomechanical Devices Immersed in Fluid Media
Authors: Rodrigues Janderson R. , Almeida Vilson R.
Published: October 2017

Emerging nano-optofluidic devices have allowed a synergetic relation between photonic integrated circuits and microfluidics, allowing manipulation and transport at the realm of nanoscale science. Simultaneously, optical gradient forces have allowed highly precise control of mechanical motion in nano-optomechanical devices. In this report, we show that the repulsive optical forces of the antisymmetric eigenmodes in an optomechanical device, based on a slot-waveguide structure, increases as the refraction index of the fluid medium increases. This effect provides a feasible way to tailor the repulsive optical forces when these nano-optomechanical devices are immersed in dielectric liquids. Furthermore, the total control of the attractive and repulsive optical forces inside liquids may be applied to design novel nanophotonic devices, containing both microfluidic and nanomechanical functionalities, which may find useful applications in several areas, such as biomedical sensors, manipulators and sorters, amongst others.
Genomic features, phylogenetic relationships, and comparative genomics of Elizabethkingia anophelis strain EM361-97 isolated in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jiun-Nong , Lai Chung-Hsu , Yang Chih-Hui , Huang Yi-Han , Lin Hsi-Hsun
Published: October 2017

Elizabethkingia anophelis has become an emerging infection in humans. Recent research has shown that previous reports of E. meningoseptica infections might in fact be caused by E. anophelis. We aimed to investigate the genomic features, phylogenetic relationships, and comparative genomics of this emerging pathogen. Elizabethkingia anophelis strain EM361-97 was isolated from the blood of a cancer patient in Taiwan. The total length of the draft genome was 4,084,052 bp. The whole-genome analysis identified the presence of a number of antibiotic resistance genes, which corresponded with the antibiotic susceptibility phenotype of this strain. Based on the average nucleotide identity, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that E. anophelis EM361-97 was a sister group to E. anophelis FMS-007, which was isolated from a patient with T-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in China. Knowledge of the genomic characteristics and comparative genomics of E. anophelis will provide researchers and clinicians with important information to understand this emerging microorganism.
Wearable woven supercapacitor fabrics with high energy density and load-bearing capability
Authors: Shen Caiwei , Xie Yingxi , Zhu Bingquan , Sanghadasa Mohan , Tang Yong , Lin Liwei
Published: October 2017

Flexible power sources with load bearing capability are attractive for modern wearable electronics. Here, free-standing supercapacitor fabrics that can store high electrical energy and sustain large mechanical loads are directly woven to be compatible with flexible systems. The prototype with reduced package weight/volume provides an impressive energy density of 2.58 mWh g−1or 3.6 mWh cm−3, high tensile strength of over 1000 MPa, and bearable pressure of over 100 MPa. The nanoporous thread electrodes are prepared by the activation of commercial carbon fibers to have three-orders of magnitude increase in the specific surface area and 86% retention of the original strength. The novel device configuration woven by solid electrolyte-coated threads shows excellent flexibility and stability during repeated mechanical bending tests. A supercapacitor watchstrap is used to power a liquid crystal display as an example of load-bearing power sources with various form-factor designs for wearable electronics.
Shockwaves Inhibit Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Adenosine and A2B Receptors
Authors: Tan Lei , Zhao Bin , Ge Fu-Tao , Sun Da-Hui , Yu Tiecheng
Published: October 2017

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has emerged as the important choice for the treatment of many orthopedic disorders. Our previous mechanistic studies suggest that ESWT promoted osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) through mechanisms that involve adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release. In this study, we investigated the effect of ESWT on chondrogenesis of hMSCs. We demonstrate that ESWT treatment caused a significant release of adenosine from hMSCs; ESWT treatment increased the levels of A2B receptor (A2BR) in hMSCs under 3-D culture conditions. ESWT, exogenous adenosine and specialized A2BR agonist suppressed hMSC chondrogenic differentiation through downregulating the expressions of aggrecan (ACAN), Collagen Type I alpha 2(COL1A2), Collagen Type II alpha 1(COL2A1), Sex-Determining Region YBox 9 (SOX9) and Sex-Determining Region YBox 6 (SOX6). Selective A2BR antagonists induced chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. This study indicated that shockwave therapy inhibits hMSC chondrogenic differentiation through or partially through regulation of adenosine release and activation of A2B receptor under 3-D culture conditions.
Small non-coding RNA transcriptome of the NCI-60 cell line panel
Authors: Marshall Erin A. , Sage Adam P. , Ng Kevin W. , Martinez Victor D. , Firmino Natalie S. , Bennewith Kevin L. , Lam Wan L.
Published: October 2017

Only 3% of the transcribed human genome is translated into protein, and small non-coding RNAs from these untranslated regions have demonstrated critical roles in transcriptional and translational regulation of proteins. Here, we provide a resource that will facilitate cell line selection for gene expression studies involving sncRNAs in cancer research. As the most accessible and tractable models of tumours, cancer cell lines are widely used to study cancer development and progression. The NCI-60 panel of 59 cancer cell lines was curated to provide common models for drug screening in 9 tissue types; however, its prominence has extended to use in gene regulation, xenograft models, and beyond. Here, we present the complete small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) transcriptomes of these 59 cancer cell lines. Additionally, we examine the abundance and unique sequences of annotated microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and reveal novel unannotated microRNA sequences.
Mechanophores for Chemical Function
Authors: Diesendruck C. E.
Published: October 2017

Mechanochemistry is the conversion of mechanical energy into chemical potential. For almost 60 years, studies focused on how stress degrades materials, and little attention was given to its potential as a methodology to drive chemical reaction. Since Encina’s work in 1980, mechanochemistry started ascending as a new approach to develop productive chemistry, with potential applications in several fields of science. In this chapter, we describe how scientists have been able to draw on mechanical energy to drive different chemical processes, developing new chemical reactions, molecular force probes, latent catalysts, mechanoresponsive materials and more.
Materials Design Principles for Mechanochemical Transduction
Authors: Silberstein M. N. , Manivannan M. S.
Published: October 2017

Mechanochemically responsive polymers and composites can be realized through the covalent incorporation of mechanophores – chemical units that undergo a specific chemical transformation in response to applied force. The transmission of macroscale mechanical load to the mechanophores and the subsequent mechanophore population response depends heavily on the matrix architecture. For this chapter, proven mechanophore function is taken implicitly; the focus is on the material, loading mode and loading history. First, preliminaries for informed research in mechanochemically responsive polymers are presented including mechanics background, mechanophore kinetics and experimental methods. Second, existing experimental results and theories on mechanophore triggering and recovery within materials are presented. The unique phenomenology associated with elastomers, glassy polymers and composites are each discussed. Finally, the design of materials whose mechanical properties are substantively modified by the mechanochemical reaction is discussed along with future prospects.
Low-cost CuNi@MIL-101 as an excellent catalyst toward cascade reaction: integration of ammonia borane dehydrogenation with nitroarene hydrogenation
Authors: Zhou Ying-Hua , Yang Qihao , Chen Yu-Zhen , Jiang Hai-Long
Published: October 2017

Nitroarene hydrogenation is greatly boosted on coupling with ammonia borane dehydrogenation over low-cost CuNi@MIL-101 with bimetallic CuNi nanoparticles with size of ca. 3 nm.
Entirely oligosaccharide-based supramolecular amphiphiles constructed via host–guest interactions as efficient drug delivery platforms
Authors: Shi Yuting , Li Hongping , Cheng Ju , Luan Tingting , Liu Di , Cao Yufei , Zhang Xiangdong , Wei Hua , Liu Yali , Zhao Guanghui
Published: October 2017

Entirely oligosaccharide-based supramolecular amphiphiles were constructed via host–guest interactions between ferrocene-terminated acetylated-maltoheptaose (Fc-AcMH) and β-cyclodextrin-terminated four-arm star maltoheptaose (MH4-β-CD).
A new AgNC fluorescence regulation mechanism caused by coiled DNA and its applications in constructing molecular beacons with low background and large signal enhancement
Authors: Zhou Weijun , Dong Shaojun
Published: October 2017

A AgNC fluorescence interference strategy caused by a coiled DNA sequence (A) and its applications in target DNA detection (B).
Chiral binary metal–organic frameworks for asymmetric sequential reactions
Authors: Li Zijian , Liu Yan , Xia Qingchun , Cui Yong
Published: October 2017

Two chiral MOFs with precise spatial arrangements of different metallosalen active sites are efficient heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric sequential reactions.
Novel and facile synthesis of 1-benzazepines via copper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)–H/C(sp2)–H cross-coupling
Authors: Wang Rui , Jin Ruo-Xing , Qin Zi-Yang , Bian Kang-Jie , Wang Xi-Sheng
Published: October 2017

A novel synthetic strategy for the facile construction of 1-benzazepines has been developedviacopper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)–H/C(sp2)–H cross-coupling.
Single-crystal-to-single-crystal conversions of two metal-mediated photoreactive coordination polymers based on stereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions
Authors: Chen Jing-Min , Zhou Qian-Kun , Hou Yi-Xuan , Liu Dong
Published: October 2017

Two stereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions occur in two metal-mediated coordination polymers via single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations.
Entropies of defect association in ceria from first principles
Authors: Grieshammer S. , Martin M.
Published: October 2017

Entropy of association of point defects in doped ceria from first principles.
Rate constants, processivity, and productive binding ratio of chitinase A revealed by single-molecule analysis
Authors: Nakamura Akihiko , Tasaki Tomoyuki , Okuni Yasuko , Song Chihong , Murata Kazuyoshi , Kozai Toshiya , Hara Mayu , Sugimoto Hayuki , Suzuki Kazushi , Watanabe Takeshi , Uchihashi Takayuki , Noji Hiroyuki , Iino Ryota
Published: October 2017

Single-molecule analysis revealed elementary reaction steps and low productive binding ratio of chitinase A.
Laboratory spectroscopy of methoxymethanol in the millimeter-wave range
Authors: Motiyenko Roman A. , Margulès Laurent , Despois Didier , Guillemin Jean-Claude
Published: October 2017

Methoxymethanol, CH3OCH2OH is a very interesting candidate for detection in the interstellar medium since it can be formed in the recombination reaction between two radicals considered as intermediates in methanol formation: CH3O (already detected in the ISM) and CH2OH.
The femtosecond-to-second photochemistry of red-shifted fast-closing anion channelrhodopsin PsACR1
Authors: Hontani Yusaku , Broser Matthias , Silapetere Arita , Krause Benjamin S. , Hegemann Peter , Kennis John T. M.
Published: October 2017

Femtosecond-to-second complete photocycle model of anion channelrhodopsin PsACR1.
Vibrational autoionization of state-selective jet-cooled methanethiol (CH3SH) investigated with infrared + vacuum-ultraviolet photoionization
Authors: Xie Min , Shen Zhitao , Pratt S. T. , Lee Yuan-Pern
Published: October 2017

Vibrational autoionization of Rydberg states provides key information about nonadiabatic processes above an ionization threshold.
Understanding the role of co-catalysts on silicon photocathodes using intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy
Authors: Thorne James E. , Zhao Yanyan , He Da , Fan Shizhao , Vanka Srinivas , Mi Zetian , Wang Dunwei
Published: October 2017

IMPS shows that reducing recombination at low applied potentials is crucial in maximizing the onset potential for HER.
3D charged grid induces a high performance catalyst: ruthenium clusters enclosed in X-zeolite for hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone
Authors: Zhang Zhiyang , Ding Liping , Gu Jing , Li Yanle , Xue Nianhua , Peng Luming , Zhu Yan , Ding Weiping
Published: October 2017

A meso-structured catalyst composed of ruthenium clusters enclosed in the super cages of X-zeolite is carefully characterized and its excellent catalytic performance for the selective hydrogenation of phenol is understood by the interactions in the meso-structure.
Development of luminescent sensors based on transition metal complexes for the detection of nitroexplosives
Authors: Sathish Veerasamy , Ramdass Arumugam , Velayudham Murugesan , Lu Kuang-Lieh , Thanasekaran Pounraj , Rajagopal Seenivasan
Published: October 2017

The detection of nitro explosives by transition metal complexes/metallosupramolecules with their designs and sensing mechanisms are comprehensively reviewed.
Amplification of a metallacyclic receptor out of a dynamic combinatorial library
Authors: Blanco-Gómez Arturo , Rama Tamara , Domarco Olaya , Neira Iago , Blanco Víctor , Quintela José M. , García Marcos D. , Peinador Carlos
Published: October 2017

We present herein the Pt(ii)-directed self-assembly in water of a new conformationally flexible N-monoalkyl-4,4-bipyridinium-based ditopic ligand into a library of six different metallacyclic structures.
The influence of thiolate ligands on the luminescence properties of cycloplatinated(ii) complexes
Authors: Jamshidi Mahboubeh , Babaghasabha Mojgan , Shahsavari Hamid R. , Nabavizadeh S. Masoud
Published: October 2017

The replacement of a chloride ligand in cycloplatinated(ii) complexes with various thiolate ligands leads to a profound change in the nature of the lowest energy singlet and triplet excited states.
Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy as a tool for tracking molecular conformations in DNA/RNA aggregates
Authors: Segarra-Martí Javier , Jaiswal Vishal K. , Pepino Ana Julieta , Giussani Angelo , Nenov Artur , Mukamel Shaul , Garavelli Marco , Rivalta Ivan
Published: October 2017

A computational strategy to simulate two-dimensional electronic spectra (2DES) is introduced, which allows characterising ground state conformations of flexible nucleobase aggregates that play a crucial role in nucleic acid photochemistry.
Photoinduced formation mechanism of the thymine–thymine (6–4) adduct in DNA; a QM(CASPT2//CASSCF):MM(AMBER) study
Authors: Giussani Angelo , Conti Irene , Nenov Artur , Garavelli Marco
Published: October 2017

Out-of-plane puckering of the C4′ atom forming a new CC bond seems essential for oxetane formation.
Estimation of the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn in Chinese vegetables using thein vitrodigestion/Caco-2 cell model: the influence of gut microbiota
Authors: Cai Xiaolin , Chen Xiaochen , Yin Naiyi , Du Huili , Sun Guoxin , Wang Lihong , Xu Yudong , Chen Yuqing , Cui Yanshan
Published: October 2017

The human gut microbiota significantly influences the bioaccessibility of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn in vegetables in the colon phase.
Visible-light-enabled spirocyclization of alkynes leading to 3-sulfonyl and 3-sulfenyl azaspiro[4,5]trienones
Authors: Wei Wei , Cui Huanhuan , Yang Daoshan , Yue Huilan , He Chenglong , Zhang Yulong , Wang Hua
Published: October 2017

A visible-light-induced strategy has been established for the synthesis of 3-sulfonyl and 3-sulfenyl azaspiro[4,5]trienones at room temperature in air.
Reverse engineering: transaminase biocatalyst development using ancestral sequence reconstruction
Authors: Wilding Matthew , Peat Thomas S. , Kalyaanamoorthy Subha , Newman Janet , Scott Colin , Jermiin Lars S.
Published: October 2017

The use of ancestral sequence reconstruction to design novel biocatalysts with improved catalytic properties for the production of polyamide precursors.
Direct synthesis of carbamate from CO2 using a task-specific ionic liquid catalyst
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Yuan Hao-Yu , Fukaya Norihisa , Yasuda Hiroyuki , Choi Jun-Chul
Published: October 2017

An easily synthesized ionic liquid was used as an organocatalyst to synthesize carbamates directly from amine, CO2, and silicate esters.
Solvent-controlled highly regio-selective thieno[2,3-b]indole formation under metal-free conditions
Authors: Ni Penghui , Li Bin , Huang Huawen , Xiao Fuhong , Deng Guo-Jun
Published: October 2017

Thieno[2,3-b]indole derivatives were selectively prepared from indoles, ketones and sulfur powder under metal-free conditions.
Staggered trap arrays for robust microfluidic sample digitization
Authors: Sposito A. J. , DeVoe D. L.
Published: October 2017

Staggered traps use passive pinning of the advancing fluid interface to optimally fill high aspect ratio microwells in gas impermeable substrates such as thermoplastics.
Asymmetric nanofluidic grating detector for differential refractive index measurement and biosensing
Authors: Purr F. , Bassu M. , Lowe R. D. , Thürmann B. , Dietzel A. , Burg T. P.
Published: October 2017

An asymmetric nanofluidic grating is shown to enable simple, robust, and fully differential measurements of refractive index or of surface-adsorbed layers of biomolecules through interferometry.
Correction: automated and controlled mechanical stimulation and functional imaging in vivo in C. elegans
Authors: Cho Yongmin , Porto Daniel A. , Hwang Hyundoo , Grundy Laura J. , Schafer William R. , Lu Hang
Published: October 2017

Correction for ‘Automated and controlled mechanical stimulation and functional imaging in vivo in C. elegans’ by Yongmin Cho et al., Lab Chip, 2017, 17, 2609–2618.
A mini-library system to investigate non-essential residues of lipid-phosphatidylserine (PS) binding peptide–peptoid hybrid PPS1
Authors: Shukla Satya Prakash , Udugamasooriya D. Gomika
Published: October 2017

Tolerance of various physiochemical modifications on the 1st and 4th position residues of lipid-phosphatidylserine binding anti-cancer peptidomimetic PPS1D1.
The photodynamic efficiency of phenothiazinium dyes is aggregation dependent
Authors: Francisco Claudia M. L. , Gonçalves José M. L. A. , Brum Bruno S. , Santos Thabata P. C. , Lino-dos-Santos-Franco Adriana , Silva Daniela F. T. , Pavani Christiane
Published: October 2017

Effectiveness increased in the order of Azure A < Azure B < Methylene Blue while aggregation increased in the order of Methylene Blue < Azure B < Azure A.
Ruthenium arene complexes with triphenylphosphane ligands: cytotoxicity towards pancreatic cancer cells, interaction with model proteins, and effect of ethacrynic acid substitution
Authors: Biancalana Lorenzo , Pratesi Alessandro , Chiellini Federica , Zacchini Stefano , Funaioli Tiziana , Gabbiani Chiara , Marchetti Fabio
Published: October 2017

The anticancer behaviour of Ru arene complexes can be tuned by an appropriate choice of the site and linkage of the bioactive group to the phosphane ligand.
Controlled growth of metallic copper nanoparticles
Authors: Boita Jocenir , Nicolao Lucas , Alves Maria C. M. , Morais Jonder
Published: October 2017

We report a polyol synthesis method that provides controlled growth of chemically stable Cu nanoparticles with mean diameter easily tuned to lie below 10 nm.
Ultra-fast vapor generation by a graphene nano-ratchet: a theoretical and simulation study
Authors: Ding Hongru , Peng Guilong , Mo Shenqiu , Ma Dengke , Sharshir Swellam Wafa , Yang Nuo
Published: October 2017

A nano-ratchet of multilayer graphene with cone-shaped nanopores is proposed to create a vacuum and accelerate vapor generation.
Synthesis and biological assessment of 3,7-dihydroxytropolones
Authors: Hirsch D. R. , Schiavone D. V. , Berkowitz A. J. , Morrison L. A. , Masaoka T. , Wilson J. A. , Lomonosova E. , Zhao H. , Patel B. S. , Datla S. H. , Hoft S. G. , Majidi S. J. , Pal R. K. , Gallicchio E. , Tang L. , Tavis J. E. , Le Grice S. F. J. , Beutler J. A. , Murelli R. P.
Published: October 2017

A new 3,7-dihydroxytropolone synthetic strategy provides access to a proposed natural product precursor and potent antiviral compounds.
Hollow particles are produced by the burying of sulfate end-groups inside particles prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene with potassium persulfate as initiator in the absence/presence of a nonionic emulsifier
Authors: Huang Chujuan , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Moritaka Mineho , Okubo Masayoshi
Published: October 2017

We resolved the longtime enigma in emulsion polymerization of styrene with K2S2O8by showing the fact that hollow polystyrene particles were successfully prepared by heat treatment in the emulsion state.
Total syntheses of pyrroloazocine indole alkaloids: challenges and reaction discovery
Authors: Kirillova Mariia S. , Miloserdov Fedor M. , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: October 2017

Total syntheses of pyrroloazocine indole alkaloids (lapidilectines, grandilodines, lundurines and tenuisines) are discussed in terms of existing retrosynthetic solutions and novel reaction discoveries.
Changes in physical and chemical properties of niosome membrane induced by cholesterol: a promising approach for niosome bilayer intervention
Authors: Nematollahi Mohammad Hadi , Pardakhty Abbas , Torkzadeh-Mahanai Masoud , Mehrabani Mehrnaz , Asadikaram Gholamreza
Published: October 2017

Recently, the self-assembly property of nonionic surfactants has been utilized to create vesicles as alternatives to liposomes.
A theoretical investigation of the two-photon absorption and fluorescent properties of coumarin-based derivatives for Pd2+ detection
Authors: Zhang Chun , Guo Jing-Fu , Ren Ai-Min , Wang Dan
Published: October 2017

Two-photon fluorescent probes that can detect Pd2+ according to the “turn-on” fluorescence signal are reported.
Potential use of coconut shell activated carbon as an immobilisation carrier for high conversion of succinic acid from oil palm frond hydrolysate
Authors: Indera Luthfi Abdullah Amru , Jahim Jamaliah Md , Harun Shuhaida , Tan Jian Ping , Mohammad Abdul Wahab
Published: October 2017

Coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) presented excellent physicochemical characteristics for efficient conversion of oil palm frond (OPF) into succinic acid.
Origin of unusual spinel-to-layered phase transformation by crystal water
Authors: Yang Eunjeong , Kim Heejin , Kim Sangryun , Kim In , Kim Jaehoon , Ji Hyunjun , Choi Jang Wook , Jung Yousung
Published: October 2017

Crystal water mediated phase transition: the underlying thermodynamic and kinetic role of crystal water is investigated using ab initio calculations.
Z-Selective iridium-catalyzed cross-coupling of allylic carbonates and α-diazo esters
Authors: Thomas Bryce N. , Moon Patrick J. , Yin Shengkang , Brown Alex , Lundgren Rylan J.
Published: October 2017

A well-defined Ir-based catalyst promotes the Z-selective coupling of allylic carbonates and α-diazo esters.
Polymer conformation during flow in porous media
Authors: Kawale Durgesh , Bouwman Gelmer , Sachdev Shaurya , Zitha Pacelli L. J. , Kreutzer Michiel T. , Rossen William R. , Boukany Pouyan E.
Published: October 2017

Molecular conformations of individual polymers during flow through porous media are directly observed by single-DNA imaging in microfluidics.
Colloidal transport within nematic liquid crystals with arrays of obstacles
Authors: Chen Kui , Gebhardt Olivia J. , Devendra Raghavendra , Drazer German , Kamien Randall D. , Reich Daniel H. , Leheny Robert L.
Published: October 2017

Colloidal transport through patterned nematic director fields within arrays of obstacles in microfluidic devices is controlled by unique, spatially varying forces imposed by the liquid crystal.
Efficient target capture and transport by fuel-free micromotors in a multichannel microchip
Authors: Zhou Caijin , Yin Jiabin , Wu Cai , Du Le , Wang Yujun
Published: October 2017

A multichannel microchip integrated with confined space and oscillating Au/Ni/Au micromotors has been developed to enhance biological target capture.
How reliable are efficiency measurements of perovskite solar cells? The first inter-comparison, between two accredited and eight non-accredited laboratories
Authors: Dunbar Ricky B. , Duck Benjamin C. , Moriarty Tom , Anderson Kenrick F. , Duffy Noel W. , Fell Christopher J. , Kim Jincheol , Ho-Baillie Anita , Vak Doojin , Duong The , Wu YiLiang , Weber Klaus , Pascoe Alex , Cheng Yi-Bing , Lin Qianqian , Burn Paul L. , Bhattacharjee Ripon , Wang Hongxia , Wilson Gregory J.
Published: October 2017

Towards improved reliability and relevance of indoor measurements of efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
Al2O3 surface coating on LiCoO2 through a facile and scalable wet-chemical method towards high-energy cathode materials withstanding high cutoff voltages
Authors: Zhou Aijun , Liu Qin , Wang Yi , Wang Weihang , Yao Xu , Hu Wentao , Zhang Long , Yu Xiqian , Li Jingze , Li Hong
Published: October 2017

A low-cost and eco-friendly solution coating of nanoscale Al2O3 addresses the high-voltage fast degradation of LiCoO2.
Salt-templated synthesis of defect-rich MoN nanosheets for boosted hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Xiong Jie , Cai Weiwei , Shi Weijia , Zhang Xinlei , Li Jing , Yang Zehui , Feng Ligang , Cheng Hansong
Published: October 2017

The ultra-stable highly efficient HER over a wide pH range on defect-rich MoN nanosheets synthesized using a modified salt-template process.
Electronic structure of organic–inorganic lanthanide iodide perovskite solar cell materials
Authors: Pazoki M. , Röckert A. , Wolf M. J. , Imani R. , Edvinsson T. , Kullgren J.
Published: October 2017

The lead-free lanthanide iodide perovskite materials explored herein, show potentials for implementation as light absorber or charge transfer layer in perovskite solar cell devices.
Sustainable carbon-dots: recent advances in green carbon dots for sensing and bioimaging
Authors: Sharma Vinay , Tiwari Pranav , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: October 2017

This review article highlights recent progress in use of green precursors for synthesis of carbon-dots and their applications in fluorescence-based sensing and bioimaging.
The role and mechanism of action of sperm PLC-zeta in mammalian fertilisation
Authors: Nomikos Michail , Kashir Junaid , Lai F. Anthony
Published: October 2017

At mammalian fertilisation, the fundamental stimulus that triggers oocyte (egg) activation and initiation of early embryonic development is an acute rise of the intracellular-free calcium (Ca2+) concentration inside the egg cytoplasm. This essential Ca2+ increase comprises a characteristic series of repetitive Ca2+ oscillations, starting soon after sperm–egg fusion. Over the last 15 years, accumulating scientific and clinical evidence supports the notion that the physiological stimulus that precedes the cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations is a novel, testis-specific phospholipase C (PLC) isoform, known as PLC-zeta (PLCζ). Sperm PLCζ catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate triggering cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate signalling pathway. PLCζ is the smallest known mammalian PLC isoform with the most elementary domain organisation. However, relative to somatic PLCs, the PLCζ isoform possesses a unique potency in stimulating Ca2+ oscillations in eggs that is attributed to its novel biochemical characteristics. In this review, we discuss the latest developments that have begun to unravel the vital role of PLCζ at mammalian fertilisation and decipher its unique mechanism of action within the fertilising egg. We also postulate the significant potential diagnostic and therapeutic capacity of PLCζ in alleviating certain types of male infertility.
Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Contributions to Acoustic Vowel Contrast Changes in the Diphthong /ai/ in Response to Slow, Loud, and Clear Speech
Authors: Mefferd Antje S.
Published: October 2017

Purpose

This study sought to determine decoupled tongue and jaw displacement changes and their specific contributions to acoustic vowel contrast changes during slow, loud, and clear speech.

Method

Twenty typical talkers repeated “see a kite again” 5 times in 4 speech conditions (typical, slow, loud, clear). Speech kinematics were recorded using 3-dimensional electromagnetic articulography. Tongue composite displacement, decoupled tongue displacement, and jaw displacement during /ai/, as well as the distance between /a/ and /i/ in the F1–F2 vowel space, were examined during the diphthong /ai/ in “kite.”

Results

Displacements significantly increased during all 3 speech modifications. However, jaw displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud and slow speech, whereas decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during slow speech than during clear and loud speech. In addition, decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud speech. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast tended to be larger during slow speech than during clear speech and were predominantly tongue-driven, whereas those during clear speech were fairly equally accounted for by changes in decoupled tongue and jaw displacements. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast during loud speech were smallest and were predominantly tongue-driven, particularly in men.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw displacement change and task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw contributions to vowel acoustic change across these speech modifications. Clinical implications are discussed.
Rechtliche und wirtschaftliche Aspekte von telemedizinischen
Assistenzsystemen
Authors: Piwowarczyk vel Dabrowski M.
Published: October 2017

Aufgrund hoher Sicherheitsanforderungen unterliegen Medizinprodukte und vor allem
telemedizinische Assistenzsysteme besonders großen Regulierungsauflagen. Um ein
telemedizinisches Assistenzsystem auf dem Markt zu etablieren, müssen diese gesetzlichen
Anforderungen bei der Entwicklung berücksichtigt werden. Ein gründliches
Anforderungsmanagement wirkt sich kostensenkend auf den Entwicklungsprozess aus, da auf
diese Weise häufig kostspielige, nachträgliche Anpassungen vermieden werden. Außerdem
ergibt sich für die Nutzer und Betreiber ein erhöhtes Sicherheits- und Schutzniveau für
die zugelassenen Lösungen.

In diesem Beitrag werden die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen dargestellt, die erfüllt werden
müssen, um telemedizinische Assistenzsysteme in den deutschen Gesundheitsmarkt einführen
zu können. Ebenso werden die entsprechenden Vergütungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, um diese
Systeme kostendeckend zu betreiben.
Tele-Assist – Ergebnisse der Machbarkeitsstudie eines telemedizinischen Versorgungsangebotes
für die kardiologische und orthopädische Rehabilitation in der Klinik Roderbirken und der
Aggertalklinik
Authors: Mayer-Berger W. , Gatscher M. , Hekler J. , Kavelaars B. , Jakob S. , Simic D. , Stock S.
Published: October 2017

Sowohl in der Orthopädie wie in der Kardiologie ist die Sekundärprävention nach der Rehabilitation
unzureichend. Durch die stetige Verbreitung von mobilen, internet-basierten, multimedialen Diensten wird
immer deutlicher, dass für eine personenzentrierte und wirksame Nachsorge neue mediale Möglichkeiten
effektiv genutzt werden können. Internetbasierte Anwendungen wie E-Mail, asynchrones E-Learning oder Chat
gewinnen hierbei zunehmend an Bedeutung.

Dieser Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse des Projektes Tele-Assist vor. Basierend auf nationalen und
internationalen Leitlinien der Orthopädie und Kardiologie wurde in dem Projekt Tele-Assist auf Basis des
MeineReha®-Systems ein digital integriertes und interaktives Therapieprogramm für die
Rehabilitation entwickelt und auf seine Umsetzbarkeit in zwei Kliniken überprüft.Abschließend werden die
Evaluationsergebnisse hinsichtlich Akzeptanz, Motivation und Patientensicherheit angeführt.
DigiTrain – Entwicklung und Evaluation eines digitalen Trainingsprogramms zur
Rehabilitationsnachsorge bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen
Authors: Tiemann M. , Michels H. , Gedwien A. , Cordes M. , Clemens U. , Pisula D.
Published: October 2017

Rückenschmerzen gehören zu den häufigsten Beschwerden in der deutschen Bevölkerung und
stellen ein großes gesundheitliches wie gesundheitsökonomisches Problem dar. Die in der
Rehabilitation von chronischen Rückenschmerzen erzielten Erfolge können nur nachhaltig
gesichert werden, wenn die körperlich-sportlichen Aktivitäten im Alltag der Patienten
regelmäßig und dauerhaft weitergeführt werden. Deshalb wurde das multimediale
Trainingsprogramm „DigiTrain“ entwickelt. Das Programm soll durch einen interaktiven
Trainer (Avatar) die weitergehende individuelle Betreuung und Begleitung (Coaching) des
Patienten über den stationären Aufenthalt hinaus sicherstellen.

In dem Beitrag werden die Zielgruppe sowie die Inhalte und die Struktur des Programms
„DigiTrain“ dargestellt. Ebenso wird ein Einblick in die technische Umsetzung und
Produktion des Programms gegeben, bevor abschließend das Studiendesign für die
wissenschaftliche Evaluation von DigiTrain vorgestellt wird.
Surveillance colonoscopy in Austria: Are we following the guidelines?
Authors: Gessl Irina , Waldmann Elisabeth , Britto-Arias Martha , Penz Daniela , Pablik Eleonore , Trauner Michael , Ferlitsch Monika
Published: October 2017

Background and study aim The European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis contain postpolypectomy surveillance recommendations. They recommend follow-up intervals depending on the findings at index colonoscopy, and divide patients into a low-, intermediate- or high-risk group. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence of Austrian endoscopists to the European guidelines and to determine whether sending a reminder letter resulted in better adherence.

Methods A single reminder letter containing the guidelines was sent to all endoscopists who participated in the Certificate of Quality for Screening Colonoscopy program in Austria. Adherence was assessed before and after the letter had been sent. Factors associated with adherence were investigated.

Results We found poor baseline adherence to the guidelines. After the reminder letter, the adherence slightly improved in the low-risk group, but did not change in the intermediate-risk or high-risk groups. An adenoma detection rate of at least 20 % was associated with higher adherence rates. Generally, internists and hospitals showed better adherence compared with surgeons and private practices, respectively, both before and after the reminder letter.

Conclusion A single reminder letter was not enough to improve the poor adherence to the European postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines. Thus, future studies are required to identify and eliminate all factors responsible for nonadherence to postpolypectomy guidelines in order to reach the goal of a safe, effective, and cost-effective colorectal cancer prevention tool in the near future.
Do adjuvants add to the efficacy and tolerance of bowel preparations? A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Restellini Sophie , Kherad Omar , Menard Charles , Martel Myriam , Barkun Alan
Published: October 2017

Background and study aims Recommendations on adjuvant use with bowel preparations remain disparate. We performed a meta-analysis determining the clinical impact of adding an adjuvant to polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium phosphate, picosulfate (PICO), or oral sulfate solutions (OSS)-based regimens.

Methods Systematic searches were made of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and ISI Web of knowledge for randomized trials from January 1980 to April 2016 that assessed preparations with or without adjuvants, given in split and non-split dosing, and PEG high- (> 3 L) or low-dose (≤ 2 L) regimens. Bowel cleansing efficacy was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included patient willingness to repeat the procedure, and polyp and adenoma detection rates.

Results Of 3093 citations, 77 trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, addition of an adjuvant compared with no adjuvant, irrespective of the type of preparation and mode of administration, yielded improvements in bowel cleanliness (odds ratio [OR] 1.23 [1.01 – 1.51]) without greater willingness to repeat (OR 1.40 [0.91 – 2.15]). Adjuvants combined with high-dose PEG significantly improved colon cleansing (OR 1.96 [1.32 – 2.94]). The odds for achieving adequate preparation with low-dose PEG with an adjuvant were not different to high-dose PEG alone (OR 0.95 [0.73 – 1.22]), but yielded improved tolerance (OR 3.22 [1.85 – 5.55]). However, split high-dose PEG yielded superior cleanliness to low-dose PEG with adjuvants (OR 2.53 [1.25 – 5.13]). No differences were noted for OSS and PICO comparisons, or for any products regarding polyp or adenoma detection rates.

Conclusions Critical heterogeneity precludes firm conclusion on the impact of adjuvants with existing bowel preparations. Additional research is required to better characterize the methods of administration and resulting roles of adjuvants in an era of split-dosing.
Unanswered Questions in the Genetic Basis of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Scholl Ute
Published: October 2017

Over the past six years, the genetic basis of a significant fraction of primary aldosteronism (PA) cases has been solved. Breakthrough discoveries include the role of somatic variants in the KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, and ATP2B3 genes as causes of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), and the recognition of three novel hyperaldosteronism syndromes with germline variants in the KCNJ5, CACNA1D, and CACNA1H genes. The description of somatic variants in CACNA1D and ATP1A1 in aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCCs) suggests that these clusters are precursors of some aldosterone-producing adenomas. Yet, a number of questions remain unanswered. These include the genetic basis of about 40% of APAs without somatic variants in known genes. Do technical issues explain this finding, or are the unexplained APAs due to somatic copy number variation or rare variants in thus-far undiscovered genes? Similarly, the role of CTNNB1 (beta catenin) variants in APA pathogenesis is still unclear. The major question to be solved is the genetic basis of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH). Is BAH due to the bilateral occurrence of APCCs, to germline variants, or perhaps due to unknown serum factors? Lastly, the etiology of unsolved cases of apparently familial hyperaldosteronism remains to be discovered. It is expected that genetic studies over the next few years will lead to answers to at least some of the questions raised.
Composite films of highly ordered Si nanowires embedded in SiGe0.3 for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Kikuchi Akiou , Yao Akifumi , Mori Isamu , Ono Takahito , Samukawa Seiji
Published: October 2017

We fabricated a high-density array of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with a diameter of 10 nm embedded in silicon germanium (SiGe0.3) to give a composite thin film for thermoelectric device applications. The SiNW array was first fabricated by bio-template mask and neutral beam etching techniques. The SiNW array was then embedded in SiGe0.3 by thermal chemical vapor deposition. The cross-plane thermal conductivity of the SiNW–SiGe0.3 composite film with a thickness of 100 nm was 3.5 ± 0.3 W/mK in the temperature range of 300–350 K. Moreover, the temperature dependences of the in-plane electrical conductivity and in-plane Seebeck coefficient of the SiNW–SiGe0.3 composite were evaluated. The fabricated SiNW–SiGe0.3 composite film displayed a maximum power factor of 1 × 103 W/m K2 (a Seebeck coefficient of 4.8 × 103 μV/K and an electrical conductivity of 4.4 × 103 S/m) at 873 K. The present high-density SiNW array structure represents a new route to realize practical thermoelectric devices using mature Si processes without any rare metals.
Towards the minimization of thermodynamic irreversibility in an electrically actuated microflow of a viscoelastic fluid under electrical double layer phenomenon
Authors: Sarma Rajkumar , Jain Manish , Mondal Pranab Kumar
Published: October 2017

We discuss the entropy generation minimization for electro-osmotic flow of a viscoelastic fluid through a parallel plate microchannel under the combined influences of interfacial slip and conjugate transport of heat. We use in this study the simplified Phan-Thien–Tanner model to describe the rheological behavior of the viscoelastic fluid. Using Navier’s slip law and thermal boundary conditions of the third kind, we solve the transport equations analytically and evaluate the global entropy generation rate of the system. We examine the influential role of the following parameters on the entropy generation rate of the system, viz., the viscoelastic parameter (εDe2), Debye–Hückel parameter κ¯, channel wall thickness (δ), thermal conductivity of the wall (γ), Biot number (Bi), Peclet number (Pe), and axial temperature gradient (B). This investigation finally establishes the optimum values of the abovementioned parameters, leading to the minimum entropy generation of the system. We believe that results of this analysis could be helpful in optimizing the second-law performance of microscale thermal management devices, including the micro-heat exchangers, micro-reactors, and micro-heat pipes.
Investigation of magnetoelectric properties and biocompatibility of CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 core-shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Authors: Rao Badari Narayana , Kaviraj P. , Vaibavi S. R. , Kumar Amit , Bajpai Saumendra Kumar , Arockiarajan A.
Published: October 2017

The CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 core-shell (CFO@BTO) nanocomposites have been synthesized, and a particular volume fraction of 15% CoFe2O4–85% BaTiO3 has been studied for its magnetic, ferroelectric, and magnetoelectric properties. The optimization of synthesis conditions showed that a temperature of at least 800 °C is required to obtain pure phase BaTiO3, whereas for the tetragonality to be visible in the x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, BaTiO3 needed to be sintered to at least 1050 °C. Even though the CFO@BTO composite began to react at the interface at 1050 °C and a small amount of the secondary phase was observed in the XRD pattern, the ferroelectric and magnetic properties were found to be not affected. Upon treating the living epithelial cells with either CFO@BTO or BTO nanoparticles, no toxicity was observed for up to 7 days. Together, these results establish the potential for the use of CFO@BTO nanoparticles in biomedical applications.
Controlling of magnetocaloric effect in Gd2O3@SiO2 nanocomposites by substrate dimensionality and particles’ concentration
Authors: Zeleňáková Adriana , Hrubovčák Pavol , Kapusta Ondrej , Berkutova Anna , Zeleňák Vladimir , Franco Victorino
Published: October 2017

The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of hybrid nanostructures consisting of fine gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles with diameter 7 nm and 12 nm loaded into the pores of the periodically ordered mesoporous silica with hexagonal (SBA-15) or cubic (SBA-16) symmetry were investigated. The concentration effect of the added nanoparticles (NPs) and the effect of the silica matrix dimensionality on the structural properties, magnetization M(H), magnetic entropy change ΔSM, and parameters A(T) and B(T) derived from Arrott plots were studied in four samples. Examined nanocomposites exhibited reasonable high values of magnetic entropy change ΔSM varying from 29 J/kgK established for Gd2O3@SBA-15 up to 64 J/kgK observed in Gd2O3@SBA-16 at maximal field change 5 T at low temperatures. This suggests that studied nanocomposites, where diamagnetic silica matrices serve as nanoreactors for growth of Gd2O3 nanoparticles and their symmetry strongly affect magnetic properties of whole composites, could be feasible for cryomagnetic refrigeration applications.
Kinetic magnetization by fast electrons in laser-produced plasmas at sub-relativistic intensities
Authors: Pisarczyk Tadeusz , Gus'kov Sergey Yu. , Chodukowski Tomasz , Dudzak Roman , Korneev Philipp , Demchenko Nicolai N. , Kalinowska Zofia , Dostal Jan , Zaras-Szydlowska Agnieszka , Borodziuk Stefan , Juha Libor , Cikhardt Jakub , Krasa Josef , Klir Daniel , Cikhardtova Balzhima , Kubes Pavel , Krousky Eduard , Krus Miroslav , Ullschmied Jiri , Jungwirth Karel , Hrebicek Jan , Medrik Tomas , Golasowski Jiri , Pfeifer Miroslav , Renner Oldrich , Singh Sushil , Kar Satyabrata , Ahmed Hamad , Skala Jiri , Pisarczyk Pawel
Published: October 2017

The problem of spontaneous magnetic field generation with nanosecond laser pulses raises a series of fundamental questions, including the intrinsic magnetization mechanisms in laser-driven plasmas and the understanding of charge-discharge processes in the irradiated target. These two issues are tightly bound as the charge-discharge processes are defined by the currents, which have in turn a feedback by magnetic fields in the plasma. Using direct polaro-interferometric measurements and theoretical analysis, we show that at parameters related to the PALS laser system (1.315 μm, 350 ps, and 1016 W/cm2), fast electrons play a decisive role in the generation of magnetic fields in the laser-driven plasma. Spatial distributions of electric currents were calculated from the measured magnetic field and plasma density distributions. The obtained results revealed the characteristics of strong currents observed in capacitor-coil magnetic generation schemes and open a new approach to fundamental studies related to magnetized plasmas.
An approach to characterize and clarify hysteresis phenomena of lithium-silicon electrodes
Authors: Baker Daniel R. , Verbrugge Mark W. , Xiao Xingcheng
Published: October 2017

We clarify the hysteretic behavior observed in lithiated silicon electrodes through the development and implementation of a model that describes the main features of the observed voltage hysteresis. Specifically, slow-scan voltammetry at 0.01 mV/s is used to study hysteresis in lithiated silicon thin-film electrodes. At higher scan rates, the curves U(x), where U is voltage and x is state of charge, depend on the scan rate, but no difference is seen in the curves when scanning at slow enough rates. For example, no difference is seen at 0.01 mV/s or at 0.005 mV/s, even though the same hysteretic behavior is observed for both scan rates, i.e., the lithiation curve differs significantly from the delithiation curve. The rate of 0.005 mV/s is the slowest that could be measured with state-of-the-art equipment. However, when a lithiating scan at 0.01 mV/s is suddenly set to open circuit conditions, the voltage slowly decays upwards, whereas the voltage decays downwards when delithiation is interrupted. From this, it is inferred that the rate invariance seen at 0.005 and 0.01 mV/s would have to break down at some lower scan rate, if it could be measured. A semi-empirical model is used to describe many aspects of this behavior based on the assumption of a region of rate invariance, which breaks down at higher scan rates due to transport and kinetic losses, but which also breaks down at slower scan rates due to transients that are observable but remain unexplained.