bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Overview on Biopesticidal and Virulent nature with Pathogenic aspects of Entomopathogenic fungi on Insects
Authors: Shukla Arjun
Published: December 2018

Entomopathogenic fungi are very heterogeneous group used for management of insect pest. From last 2 decade in the search for new avenues in biological control, the importance of entomopathogens has been highlighted as an environmental friendly pest control method came in existence which is sustainable solution towards integrated pest control program. Fungi, which induce disease symptoms in insects, include fungi from quick killers to absolute parasites that provide disease symptoms in the host. Insect order and families are reviewed which were affected severely by entomopathogenic fungi.
Neuroprotective Effect of Cinamomum zeylanicum in streptozotocin induced diabetes in Mice
Authors: Parul Rozina , Alam Md. Jahir , Rana Md. Sohel
Published: December 2018

Background: Diabetes is recognized as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and representing as an emerging global epidemic worldwide. Diabetes and stroke both are the conditions which share various common threats. A patient with Diabetes has higher risk of stroke as compared to non Diabetics. Diabetes and stroke both affects the blood vessels. There are several biochemical pathways which are responsible for the developments of vascular complications due to hyperglycemia. Thus prevention and treatment of diabetes and stroke can reduce the risk of various vascular diseases. Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been used for the treatment of diabetes since long time. Cinnamomum zeylanicum rich in phenolic contents (antioxidants) have been identified as a major active component exhibiting antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The present study evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum in streptozotocin induced diabetes in mice and experimentally induced global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Materials and methods: Swiss albino mice (male) weighing 20-30 g were randomized into eight groups. Diabetes was induced by administering streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p).Starting from seven days after streptozotocin injection, insulin and Cinnamomum zeylanicum were administered for 3 weeks. Serum glucose level and body weight were measured weekly. Neuroprotective activity was carried out by global cerebral ischemia on swiss albino mice by carotid artery occlusion for 10 min followed by 24 hr. reperfusion. Measurement of Triglycerides, Malondialdehyde , cerebral infarct size and glutathione level was carried out at the end of the study. Results: After 21 days of treatment with Cinnamomum zeylanicum (75 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, p.o) significant increase in body weight and glutathione level and a significant reduction in serum glucose level, triglycerides, MDA levels and cerebral infarct size was observed as compared to diabetic control and diabetic+ stroke group. Conclusion: The present study concludes that Polyphenolic fraction of Cinnamomum zeylanicum not only attenuates the diabetes but also reverse the cerebral infarction in mice through its neuroprotective actions and thus Cinnamomum zeylanicum may serves as a new therapeutic alternative for management of brain damage associated with type-1 diabetes.
De la clase social al pueblo y del pueblo a la clase sexual
Authors: Aránguez Sánchez Tasia
Published: December 2018

Se abordan las nociones de “pueblo” y de “populismo” desarrolladas por Laclau y se presenta la crítica de Zizek a la noción de “pueblo”, desde su defensa de la categoría de “clase social”. Posteriormente se exponen los vínculos entre la teoría queer de Butler, la ciudadanía democrática radical de Mouffe y el populismo de Laclau y se presentan las críticas feministas dirigidas contra el desplazamiento de la categoría “mujeres” efectuado por dichas filosofías. Finalmente se abordan, desde la obra de Millett, MacKinnon y Firestone, las discrepancias entre el marxismo y el feminismo entorno al antagonismo principal de la sociedad (clase social/clase sexual). Así el trabajo aborda las tensiones y desplazamientos entre las categorías “pueblo”, “clase social” y “clase sexual” y la capacidad de cada una de ellas para desencadenar la transformación de la sociedad.
La huella morisca en la indumentaria y enseres de la casa noble sevillana. Siglos XV y XVI
Authors: Aranda Bernal Ana
Published: December 2018

A través de las relaciones de bienes del linaje Ribera y Enríquez de Ribera, desde mediados del siglo XV hasta fines del XVI, se estudia la influencia islámica en la cultura material doméstica de la élite cristiana en Sevilla. En especial, respecto al gusto decorativo y hábitos de uso, buscando determinar los enseres producidos por artesanos andalusíes, mudéjares o moriscos. Así como la evolución en el uso de dichos objetos en relación con los acontecimientos políticos y bélicos coetáneos. Para ello, se han seleccionado casi un millar de objetos ordenados en las siguientes categorías: bienes relacionados con la guerra y representación del poder, enseres domésticos con diferentes utilidades -decorar y vestir la casa, de uso en la cocina o incluidos en la capilla-, y la indumentaria.
Un programa iconográfico veterotestamentario en el Camarín de N. S. del Rosario (Granada)
Authors: Palma Fernández José Antonio
Published: December 2018

El Camarín de Nuestra Señora del Rosario de Granada está considerado por la historiografía del Arte como el culmen de los camarines del Barroco. Además, uno de los elementos que lo hacen más singular es el complejísimo programa iconográfico contrareformista que forma parte de su decoración. Puesto que es imposible llevar a cabo un exhaustivo estudio de todo el programa iconográfico, en este caso nos hemos centrado en una pequeña parte. Se trata de un programa veterotestamentario sito en los relieves que decoran el zócalo de la estancia central del camarín. Dicho programa está protagonizado principalmente por mujeres del Antiguo Testamento que prefiguran a la Virgen María, a la vez que buscan exaltar sus principales virtudes.
Prefacio
Authors: Lourenço Marta C.
Published: December 2018

Cualquier ámbito profesional o académico requiere tiempo adecuado para propagarse y consolidarse. Requiere la persistencia, el compromiso, la innovación, el trabajo duro y una pizca de aventura. Requiere reuniones constantes, intercambios, colaboraciones y publicaciones. Requiere un delicado equilibrio entre lo que ya se sabe y lo que queda por inventar o imaginar. Pero sobre todo, requiere una comunidad global que abarque múltiples centros locales, nacionales y regionales donde el cambio auténtico pueda desarrollarse. Dejando aparte el ejemplo de la física del clima, la dinámica del cambio difícilmente se logra a nivel global. En realidad, es a nivel local, mediante la concienciación, conocimiento y acción deliberada de los individuos, donde las transformaciones significativas pueden ocurrir.
Emprendimiento e innovación de las mujeres: hacia una mayor sostenibilidad en las áreas rurales de montaña
Authors: Tulla Pujol Antoni F. , Pallarés Blanch Marta , Vera Ana
Published: December 2018

Nuevas actividades innovadoras han generado interacciones entre las áreas rurales de los Pirineos y Barcelona con ventaja para las actividades turísticas. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la relación entre las actividades de valor añadido y el emprendimiento de las mujeres en proyectos económicos, sociales o políticos en áreas rurales y de montaña como en los Pirineos en Cataluña. La participación de las mujeres en cargos electos o gerenciales de la administración local favorece el emprendimiento. La metodología utilizada incluye una revisión bibliográfica, un análisis cuantitativo de las responsabilidades de las mujeres en la política local y 30 entrevistas semi-estructuradas, a mujeres y hombres implicados en el desarrollo local. La creación o transformación de actividades de valor añadido ha generado micro-empresas y autoempleo. Las conclusiones muestran la importancia de las relaciones sociales, tanto de estructura transversal como vertical. En territorios con población dispersa, las pequeñas iniciativas de emprendedores tienen una importancia relativa pero significativa que deben ser apoyadas por la administración.
Cuatro décadas del sistema electoral español, 1977-2016
Authors: Montero José Ramón , Fernández Esquer Carlos
Published: December 2018

El sistema electoral del Congreso de los Diputados ha cumplido cuatro décadas de funcionamiento. Creado en 1977, constitucionalizado en 1978 e institucionalizado en 1985, ha sido empleado en trece procesos electorales sin experimentar reforma alguna. En este artículo ofrecemos una recapitulación del sistema electoral español, incluyendo sus rendimientos en las últimas elecciones, celebradas en 2015 y 2016. Analizamos así las distintas etapas de su creación, sus elementos constitutivos, sus principales efectos tanto en la dimensión interpartidista como en la intrapartidista, las propuestas formuladas para modificarlo y algunas decisiones controvertidas del Tribunal Constitucional.
La Candidatura de Unidad Popular (CUP): origen, estructura y modelo originario
Authors: Díaz-Montiel Alberto
Published: December 2018

Este artículo analiza los orígenes y la configuración de la Candidatura de Unidad Popular (CUP) como partido político a raíz de su configuración como tal a nivel supramunicipal. La CUP es un partido independentista de izquierda radical que en los últimos años ha cobrado especial relevancia en la política en Cataluña por constituir uno de los principales impulsores del proceso soberanista que se vive en esta comunidad,y además, por el hecho de haber venido siendo un actor político clave en la gobernabilidad de la misma. Para tal fin, y utilizando el modelo elaborado por Panebianco (2009) como principal referente teórico, se abordarán las fuerzas políticas previas de las que dicha organización política es heredera, su creación y estructuración como partido político unitario, así como los motivos que explican su consolidación y expansión durante el último tiempo.
Cambio de las concepciones del futuro profesorado de primaria acerca de las ideas de los alumnos
Authors: Escrivà-Colomar Isabel , Rivero-García Ana
Published: December 2018

Resumen:La formación del profesorado es un elemento clave en la mejora de cualquier sistema educativo y, consecuentemente, analizar qué aprenden los futuros maestros y maestras al trabajar propuestas educativas específicas es sumamente importante para ajustar programas formativos ya existentes y/o crear nuevos más adaptados. Por ello, en esta investigación tratamos de indagar qué aprende el futuro profesorado de 2º curso del Grado de Maestro de primaria acerca de las ideas de los alumnos sobre el mundo, y lo hacemos a través de los resultados obtenidos en un cuestionario tipo Likert implementado al iniciar y al acabar una propuesta formativa de corte socioconstructivista, diseñada específicamente para trabajar los distintos elemento curriculares a través de problemas prácticos profesionales y prácticas innovadoras. Los resultados indican que el profesorado en formación empieza el curso manifestando acuerdo hacia concepciones de las ideas de los alumnos sobre el mundo propias de un modelo de aprendizaje por investigación, pero en cambio mantiene ciertas dudas en cuanto al rechazo de proposiciones menos constructivistas, como las propias de un modelo centrado en el profesor; sin embargo al acabar el curso aparecen cambios que muestran como el grado de acuerdo con modelos alternativos sigue aumentando, mientras que el grado de desacuerdo con modelos centrados en el profesor también aumenta, despareciendo algunas de las dudas que presentaban al principio. Abstract:Teacher training is a key element for improving any educational system. Therefore, analyzing what future teachers learn when participating in specific educational proposals is extremely important in order to adjust existing training programs and/or create new more adapted ones.In this study we try to investigate which conceptions preservice teachers have regarding students' ideas about the world through the results of a Likert questionnaire. This was implemented at the beginning and at the end of a socioconstructivist training proposal and was designed specifically to learn about different curricular elements through practical professional problems and innovative practices. Our results indicate that, at the beginning of the course, preservice teachers agree with those conceptions of misconceptions that are close to an inquiry based learning model, however they don’t reject absolutely less constructivist propositions that are close to a teacher-centered model. On the other side, at the end of the course these conceptions change; we have found an increase in the level of agreement with alternative models, while the level of disagreement with a teacher-centered model keep declining, vanishing some of the doubts preservice teachers had at the beginning of the course.
La restitución de tierras en Colombia y la reparación transformadora en la construcción de paz: la experiencia en Santander desde la aplicación y efectividad de los fallos judiciales
Authors: Martín Peré Elisa María
Published: December 2018

La restitución de tierras abandonadas o despojadas en el contexto de un conflicto armado, es una medida de reparación prevista en la Ley de Víctimas y Restitución de Tierras de 1448/2011. En Santander, los jueces de tierras han dictado 55 sentencias hasta diciembre de 2016. Este artículo tiene como objeto analizar el estado de la cuestión de la restitución en el departamento, concretamente la aplicación y efectividad de la ley, a través de un análisis descriptivo e interpretativo de los fallos judiciales y la etapa post-fallo. Para ello, dada la complejidad del problema a investigar se han consultado diversidad de fuentes: normativa y jurisprudencia nacional e internacional, informes y estadísticas oficiales, bases de datos e investigaciones de organizaciones de derechos humanos, prensa y bibliografía de contexto. Asimismo, se han realizado entrevistas a diversos actores del proceso de restitución de tierras y visitas a predios restituidos. Si bien los jueces y magistrados de tierras aplican mayoritariamente lo establecido en la ley, hay algunas dificultades en la implementación de las órdenes dictadas que limitan una reparación efectiva y transformadora de las víctimas. La flexibilidad de la política pública de restitución de tierras, permite que este proceso en construcción pueda superar los escollos señalados en el texto, por el mantenimiento de la competencia de los jueces en la etapa posterior al fallo hasta que se garantice la reparación efectiva o la tendencia a aplicar la medida subsidiaria de compensar con un bien equivalente, en lugar de ordenar la entrega material del bien reclamado.
Estrategias comunicativas para la licencia social en contexto de conflictividad
Authors: Macassi Sandro
Published: December 2018

Se analiza la dimensión comunicativa del proceso de licenciamiento social de un proyecto de cobre en el Sur del Perú en un contexto de conflictividad socioambiental. Se desarrolla un estudio de caso entrevistando 38 personas entre líderes y población, a favor y en contra del proyecto, comunicadores locales y periodistas regionales y a funcionarios de la empresa. Se analiza la estrategia comunicativa desarrollada por la empresa y la respuesta de los grupos opositores al proyecto. Los resultados muestran que los pasivos reputacionales de la empresa se constituyen en condiciones que estructuran el conflicto, pero que no son abordados por la estrategia de comunicación implementada. Además, la empresa al optar por una estrategia de marketing logra impactos en el corto plazo para generar apoyos al proyecto y cumplir con los procesos administrativos legales. Sin embargo, la estrategia de comunicación no incorpora un enfoque de prevención y transformación de conflictos. Por tanto, no se mejoran las relaciones deterioradas con la población y no se revierte el proceso de polarización existente, creándose condiciones para un nuevo escalamiento.
Volver a la Chagra, el Fogón y la Maloca: oportunidades políticas y repertorios de acción noviolentos de las mujeres indígenas amazónicas en Colombia
Authors: Garcés Amaya Diana Paola
Published: December 2018

La presente investigación analiza el proceso político de la Coordinación de Mujer, Niñez y Familia de la OPIAC (Organización de los Pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía Colombiana) entendiéndola como parte del movimiento social de mujeres indígenas en Colombia. Para ello se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo de tipo documental que priorizó el archivo de la propia Organización. Se trabajó a partir de las teorías culturalistas sobre los movimientos sociales en donde la epistemología feminista como las claves de la investigación para la paz fueron transversales al ejercicio analítico. Finalmente, fue posible entender que las mujeres indígenas amazónicas han empleado repertorios de acción noviolenta en los que vienen impulsando diferentes estrategias para resistir a la guerra como a la violencia estructural. Estas estrategias incluyen la participación en la esfera institucional tradicional y en escenarios autonómicos propios de sus culturas en los que se reivindica la ancestralidad. De otro lado, las agendas políticas ponen en el centro la necesidad de sanar las heridas que las violencias han dejado en el cuerpo como en el alma y la recuperación de la cultura, los saberes tradicionales llevando a la praxis la propuesta del Vivir Bien.
GENDER RELATIONS IN THE ENGLISH AND LAK LINGUO-CULTURES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE ENGLISH AND LAK PAROEMIAS)
Authors: Abakarova Mariana Akhmedovna
Published: December 2018

The article examines the English and Lak paroemias through the lenses of gender relations. The analysis of the proverbs allows the author to conclude that andro-centricity is a key aspect of the English and Lak worldviews. The man is considered the head of the family and the bearer of positive features, while the woman is endowed with such negative qualities as quarrelsomeness and stubbornness. Difference between the English and Lak linguo-cultures is in the fact that the Englishmen consider the husband a victim if the wife proceeds to dominate in the family. The latter is conditioned by women’s increased economic activity in the British society, which resulted in sexes equality. The Lak society remains patriarchal, so in the Lak language there are no proverbs on gender equality.
GENDER-ORIENTED STATEMENTS WITH IMPLICITLY EXPRESSED MEANINGS ABOUT REPRESENTATIVES OF THE OPPOSITE GENDER IDENTITY IN FEMALE CHARACTERS’ DIRECT SPEECH (BY THE MATERIAL OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN WOMEN’S PROSE)
Authors: Vakhrameeva Anna Sergeevna , V’yunova Ekaterina Kirillovna , Petrova Elena Serafimovna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the consideration of female characters’ implicit gender-oriented statements. Particular attention is paid to the ascertainment of a range of linguistic means for expressing the characteristics typically attributed to men in female characters’ direct speech. The study has made it possible to reveal the gender-specific stereotypes fixed by women’s worldview in the framework of the Russian-language linguistic culture. The authors determine the negative character of the evaluation typical of women’s statements implicitly characterizing men.
BORDERS OF SILENCE IN COMMUNICATION
Authors: Kretova Anna Mikhailovna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to studying the borders of silence in communication. The topicality is determined by the need for the systematic study of the silence act, its interpretation in the text. The author discusses various definitions of the notion “border”, identifies the causes of silence and describes the non-verbal actions performed by characters at entrance to silence and exit from it, gives examples of communicative situations from the fiction prose. As a result of the communicative situations analysis, it is concluded that the cause of silence in most cases is communicants’ psychological state.
ATTEMPT OF COMPILING A TOPONYMIC DICTIONARY OF SOUTH YAKUTIA
Authors: Merkel’ Elena Vladimirovna , Sedina Diana Rustamovna , Yakovleva Lyubov’ Anatol’evna
Published: December 2018

The article presents the attempt of compiling the complex dictionary of the toponyms of South Yakutia, which contains 788 entries in etymological, lexico-semantic, word-formative, phonetic, and morphological aspects. The information about the etymology of substrate toponyms, the Evenki and Yakut dictionaries, the geographical maps of different years of publication, the works of historians and geographers who studied Yakutia toponymy are the sources of factual material collected during educational practices and expeditions. The dictionary entries emphasize the zones of nomination, interpretation, etymological reference and illustrative material.
HASHTAG TEXT AS A NEW TEXT FORMAT IN THE INTERNET SPACE (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK “INSTAGRAM”)
Authors: Navoloka Yuliya Sergeevna
Published: December 2018

The article discusses a rather new, but already popular linguistic phenomenon - hashtag, on the basis of which a new text format has appeared - a hashtag text. The main problem is the study of the characteristics of hashtag texts produced in the social network “Instagram”. The author defines the term “text” and the new linguistic term “hashtag text”, and also discusses their categorical features. The findings suggest that hashtag constructions have the right to be called hashtag texts, since they possess the same categorical features as ordinary texts.
PHENOMENON OF “APPLE” PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE ENGLISH, FRENCH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Nikolaeva Marina Nikolaevna , Balabas Natal’ya Nikolaevna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the comparative study of the phraseological units with the component “apple” in multi-structural languages. The objective of the paper is the comparative analysis of foreign phraseological units, which is able to identify both typological characteristics and specific features of the units under consideration. The authors show the role of the comparative study of phraseological units of unrelated languages, which allows increasing the efficiency of the decoding process of foreign phraseological units meaning. The comparative analysis makes it possible to ascertain the national-cultural identity and national originality of phraseological units.
FRAME-BASED MODELLING OF LEXICAL-WORD-FORMATIVE CLUSTERS WITH THE TOPS EYE, NOSE, MOUTH, EAR
Authors: Ponomareva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2018

The article examines the methodology of the frame-based modelling of the Russian lexical-word-formative clusters. The objects for modelling are the clusters with the tops - somatic names ( eye, nose, mouth, ear ). This methodology promotes identifying deeper structures, which form the basis of derivative layers (slots, propositional schemes, propositions). Such an approach allows the author to discover how secondary elements are arranged in clusters, to identify the relations of derivative lexical-word-formative meanings within the cluster and to establish relations between clusters, which are different but similar in their formal-semantic arrangement.
ANALYTICAL SURVEY OF FOREIGN AND RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS OF THE BIBLICAL NAME OF GOD YAHWEH
Authors: Shukurov Dmitry Leonidovich
Published: December 2018

The article examines the exegetic principles of God’s nomination in classical ancient languages in the context of the biblical canon formation. The author proposes the linguo-culturological analysis of the religious interpretations of different translations of God Yahweh’s name in the biblical studies and liturgic theology. Within the framework of onomatological discourse, the author tackles the problems of God’s nomination in the Jewish-Christian tradition, in particular, in the historical context of the biblical canon formation. The paper provides the hermeneutic analysis of the linguistic principles of God’s nomination in the context of the Bible translations into the ancient and modern European languages.
SOCIOCULTURAL COMPETENCE FORMATION IN CLASSES OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT A NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS STUDYING)
Authors: Bakirova Lena Rifkhatovna
Published: December 2018

By the example of phraseological units studying in classes of Russian as a foreign language the article considers the topical problem of sociocultural competence formation among foreign students at non-linguistic universities. The author distinguishes the stages of phraseological units studying, refers to semantization ways: the detailed interpretation of phraseological units, their comparative analysis, the selection of synonymous or antonymous idioms, the introduction of an idiom in a dialogue, visibility, etc. The connection of teaching idioms with interactive teaching methods is traced. To consolidate the material and activate phraseological units in speech, a system of exercises and speech tasks is proposed.
RECEPTION OF TWO THEATRICAL SCANDALS (THE FIRST PERFORMANCE OF “THE SEAGULL” ON THE STAGE OF ALEXANDRINSKY THEATRE AND THE FIRST PERFORMANCE OF “BEFORE SUNRISE” ON “THE FREE STAGE” IN BERLIN)
Authors: Kiseleva Anna Sergeevna
Published: December 2018

The article presents the critical survey of two theatrical scandals that occurred at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The paper analyses the creative work of the dramatists belonging to the “new drama” trend and proposes a cardinally new perspective for the comparative studies of their dramaturgic heritage: a retrospective view on the first performances of G. Hauptmann’s and A. Chekhov’s plays staged by O. Brahm and E. Karpov in Berlin and Petersburg. Sharply critical attitude characterizes these works, extremely different both in subject matter and scenic implementation, and clearly indicates “stagnation”, which dominated on the European and Russian stage at the turn of the centuries, and urgent necessity to renew artistic aesthetics.
SPIRITUAL VERSES ON EVANGELIC STORIES IN UPPER VYCHEGDA PEASANTS’ MANUSCRIPT TRADITION
Authors: Prokuratova Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2018

The article examines spiritual verses on evangelic stories describing episodes from Christ’s and the Blessed Virgin’s earthly life and widespread in the manuscript tradition of upper Vychegda peasants - Old Believers at the end of the XIX - the beginning of the XX century. These texts written in Komi are translations from the Russian sources and indicate the Komi scribers’ interest in apocryphal texts, which described certain biblical events in more detail than canonical texts. The popular belief in the intercession of Christ and the Holy Virgin, the key figures of Christian religious doctrine, was based not only on the conceptions of the Savior’s mission - his feat, sufferings, retributive force - but tackled the theme of mercy, mostly associated with the Blessed Virgin’s image.
Циклоферон и вирус гриппа A(H3N2) в культурах клеток. Действие циклоферона на репродукцию вируса гриппа A(H3N2) в предобработанных до заражения культурах клеток
Authors: Григорян С. С. , Коваленко А. Л. , Исаева Е. И. , Ветрова Е. Н. , Тюшева В. В.
Published: December 2018

Целью настоящего исследования явилась оценка противовирусной активности препарата циклоферон (меглумина акридонацетат) в отношении вируса гриппа A(H3N2)/Aichi/1/68 на модели клеточных культур MDCK и ФЛЭЧ в профилактической схеме. Рассмотрены 2 концентрации препарата (50 и 100 мкг/мл), временные точки экспозиции циклоферона в клеточных культурах составили 2, 4 и 24 ч до заражения, множественность заражения вирусом гриппа A(H3N2) составила 0,01 MOI на клетку. Рассмотрены следующие показатели: титры гемагглютинина, уровень экспрессии РНК нейраминидазы, уровень экспрессии РНК вируса, уровень накопления вируса гриппа A(H3N2) (инфекционная активность). Рассчитан индекс защиты препарата. Результаты исследования подтвердили противовирусный эффект циклоферона, наиболее выраженный при концентрации препарата 100 мкг/мл и 4-часовой предобработке исследуемых культур, и выражавшийся в снижении адгезивных и инвазивных свойств вируса гриппа A(H3N2), а именно в снижении титров гемагглютинина в 16 раз на среде MDCK и в 8 раз — на ФЛЭЧ, а также в уменьшении экспрессии РНК нейраминидазы вируса в 15 и 8,1 раз соответственно (p = 0,001). Репликационная активность вируса под действием препарата снижалась в 10 раз в среде MDCK и в 14 раз — в среде ФЛЭЧ, инфекционные титры вируса уменьшались в 1,3 и 2 раза, соответственно (p = 0,001), а индекс защиты препарата при этом составил 23,4 и 51,1 % соответственно.
Антидепрессантоподобные свойства циклопролилглицина
Authors: Ковалёв Георгий Иванович , Абдуллина Алия Анвяровна , Васильева Екатерина Валерьевна , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: December 2018

Проведена оценка антидепрессантоподобной активности циклопролилглицина (ЦПГ) (0,5, 1 и 2 мг/кг/сут внутрибрюшинно) на мышах BALB/c, C57BL/6 и CD-1 при различных режимах введения с использованием тестов «вынужденное плавание» (тест Порсолта) и «подвешивание за хвост». Показано, что активность ЦПГ выявляется лишь в тесте «вынужденное плавание» и только у мышей линии BALB/c, исходно характеризующейся более высоким уровнем тревожности по сравнению с C57BL/6. В тесте «вынужденное плавание» при 2-недельном введении ЦПГ (1 и 2 мг/кг/сут) снижал суммарную длительность иммобилизации на 30 и 27 %, соответственно (p < 0,05, U-критерий Манна — Уитни). При 4-недельном введении в тех же дозах суммарная длительность иммобилизации снижалась на 23 и 30 %, соответственно (p < 0,05, U-критерий Манна — Уитни). ЦПГ в дозах 1 и 2 мг/кг/сут при недельном введении и в дозе 0,5 мг/кг/сут при всех режимах введения был неэффективен. Не отмечено антииммобилизационного эффекта ЦПГ на аутбредных мышах CD-1. У самок BALB/c антидепрессантоподобный эффект пептида выражен сильнее, чем у самцов. По ряду свойств ЦПГ воспроизводит поведенческие эффекты антидепрессанта флуоксетина (10 мг/кг/сут, 2 недели), что может указывать на возможное сходство механизмов их действия.
Petungan sebagai Sistem Ukuran dalam Desain Komunikasi Visual Jawa
Authors: Harnoko Irwan
Published: December 2018

Golden Ratio sering dipakai untuk mencari komposisi yang ideal baik dalam dunia arsitektur dan juga desain komunikasi visual. Sepintas seperti tidak ada masalah dengan menggunakan golden ratio sebagai tolak ukur pecarian proporsi dan komposisi ideal, namun bila mengukur proporsi dan komposisi ideal desain yang bersifat keNusantaraan dengan menggunakan golden ratio menjadi terasa aneh. Seakan Indonesia yang memiliki kekayaan budaya begitu banyak harus meng”import” ilmu dari luar untuk mengukur proporsi ideal karya Nusantara. Petungan ilmu ukur dari Primbon yang diciptakan oleh arsitek Prof. Dr. Ir. Josep Prijotomo menjadi salah satu jalan keluar dalam pencarian proporsi ideal yang bersifat keNusantaraan. Metode pencocokan yang diambil dari disertasi Prijotomo dipakai juga dalam proses pencocokan antara ilmu arsitektur, dkv dan gambar wayang Jawa. Hasil dari pencocokan tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa rumus arsitektur primbon dapat juga digunakan dalam proporsi wayang Jawa. Hasil temuan tersebut membuat penemuan prinsip baru dalam desain grafis Jawa. Dalam penulisan ini penulis melanjutkan hasil penemuannya dengan mengkoreksi ukuran kertas yang biasa dipakai secara standard internasional untuk kop surat A4 (21x29,7 cm) dengan cara pola penghitungan sesuai petungan.

Katakunci:Petungan, Proporsi, Golden Section, Pencocokan
Faktor Kegagalan Persepsi pada Pembentukan Citra Partisipan dalam Debat Politik di Televisi
Authors: Wardani Winny Gunarti Widya
Published: December 2018

Debat politik melalui media televisi berpotensi membangun citra partisipan. Oleh karena itu, program debat politik melalui televisi umumnya didesain untuk membentuk persepsi visual penonton yang sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Tampilan di layar televisi memiliki kekuatan visual karena dapat berkomunikasi melalui bahasa visual nonverbal berupa teks dan gambar. Proses pembentukan citra partisipan melalui persepsi penonton tidak terlepas dari nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, ada lima faktor utama yang berpotensi mempengaruhi kegagalan persepsi terhadap pembentukan citra, yaitu kesalahan atribusi, efek halo, stereotip, prasangka, dan gegar budaya. Studi ini membahas secara deskriptif kualitatif kelima faktor tersebut dengan pendekatan semiotika visual, berupa pembacaan tanda-tanda visual melalui pesan kinesik yang bersifat ikonik, indeksikal, dan simbolis. Hasil pembahasan studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi ilmiah tentang faktor kegagalan persepsi dan pembentukan citra partisipan melalui layar televisi.

 Kata kunci : kegagalan persepsi, citra partisipan, televisi
Memaknai Bentuk Rupa Lambang Keraton Mangkunegaran
Authors: Rosalinda Herliyana , Kholisya Umi
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Makna Simbolis Lambang Keraton Mangkunegaran Surakarta. Pmbahasannya digolongkan sebagai penelitian deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan metode historis, untuk menafsirkan makna simbol yang ada pada lambang keraton Mangunegaran digunakan pendekatan hermeunitika. Objeknya Keraton Mangkunegaran Surakarta sedangkan subjek penelitian ini adalah Makna Simbolis Lambang Keraton. Penelitian juga difokuskan pada  hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan pemerintahan kerajaan Mangkunegaran Surakarta, selain itu pemaknaan lambang sebagai identitas legitimasi suatu pemerintahan dalam kerangka budaya juga menjadi kajian yang penting, terutama dari bentuk visual, rupa, maksud atau makna simbolik yang ada pada lambang kerajaan Mangkunegaran Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pada setiap periodesasi pemerintahan Mangkunegara, lambang Mangkunegaran memiliki bentuk rupa dan makna simbol yang berbeda-beda. Hal ini disesuaikan dengan karakteristik pemikiran, pemerintahan, maupun filosofis dari dalam diri raja Mangkunegaran yang sedang memerintah. Umumnya unsur gambar yang ada pada lambang Mangkunegaran berisi gambar mahkota, padi dan kapas, surya, dan logotype MN. Sedangkan untuk perbedaannya ddilihat dari perbedaan tampilan bentuk ataupun jumlah masing-masing jenis gambar tersebut.

 

Kata Kunci : Bentuk rupa, Simbol, Lambang, Mangkunegaran
Kajian foto Ruang Bermain sebagai Kritik terhadap Ruang Publik
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari
Published: December 2018

Ruang publik adalah ruang dimana masyarakat berkumpul dan melakukan kegiatan atau aktivitas keseharian.  Di Jakarta ruang publik dapat dilihat di jalan raya, pasar, terminal, taman, dan lainnya. Ruang publik menjadi tempat dimana eksistensi manusia diperlihatkan. Sri Sadono seorang fotografer menangkap aktivitas kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh anak-anak di ruang publik. Aktivitas bermain yang  dilakukan anak-anak ini bukan di tempat yang seharusnya, yaitu di jalan raya, yang seharusnya menjadi tempat lalu lang kendaraan. Ada misi yang dilihat , yaitu beralihnya ruang publik menjadi bukan pada tempatnya.
Konsep dan Pengunaan Warna dalam Infografis
Authors: Listya Ariefika
Published: December 2018

Fenomena media infografis dalam dunia digital yang sedang marak ini cukup menarik perhatian untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Infografis saat ini dipilih sebagai media publikasi informasi dari suatu instansi baik laporan hasil penelitian pemerintah maupun swasta sampai dengan iklan komersial dari berbagai brand. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan estetika yang menganalisis aspek formalistik khususnya warna. Data diperoleh dari literatur yang berkaitan dengan warna dan media infografis serta observasi dengan mengamati 20 media infografis yang berbeda yang diunduh dari internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan warna berperan penting dalam pertimbangan konseptual terkait apa konten dan temanya, siapa target audiennya, dan apa kesan dan identitas yang ingin ditampilkan dalam perancangan media infografis. Penggunaan warna juga cukup vital dalam media infografis mencakup menciptakan keberbedaan antar konten dan kategori, menciptakan kesatuan, memberikan penekanan pada konten tertentu yang ingin ditonjolkan, dan menciptakan kontras antara figure dengan ground sehingga pesan dalam infografis dapat dengan mudah dimengerti oleh target audiens.

 

Kata Kunci: konsep, penggunaan, warna, media, infografis
Effect of processing on nutritional and antinutritional composition of bathua (Chenopodium album) leaves
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Kaur Gaganpreet
Published: December 2018

Bathua (Chenopodium album) leaves were undertaken for different processing techniques and analyzed for their nutritional and anti-nutritional composition. Effect of processing on nutrient retention was assessed to attain the best processed form of leaves with maximum amount of nutrients. It was observed that the Cabinet dried processing improved the protein, fibre and ash content of leaves by 29.30, 5.74 and 16.42 percent respectively. Shade and cabinet dried technique improved the vitamin C and ?-carotene by 34 and 14323 percent respectively. Maximum retention of calcium and iron was found in cabinet dried technique. It also improved magnesium by 254.50 percent. Amino acid retention was found maximum in cabinet dried technique. Cabinet dried technique improved In vitro protein digestibility by 27.75 percent with a decrease of 116.15 and 85.30 percent in phytates and oxalates respectively. Maximum retention of nutrients was observed in cabinet dried technique.
Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and its attributing traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell)
Authors: Ahmad Tabassum , Kumar Anil , Pandey Deepanker , Prasad Birendra
Published: December 2018

Grain yield is a complex quantitative trait and influenced by a number of attributes. To obtain higher yield information regarding association of these attributes with yield can serve as a basis in a breeding programme. The present experiment was undertaken to estimate correlation coefficients between grain yield and different contributing characters and divide this association into direct and indirect effects through path coefficient analysis. The experiment was laid-out with three replications in randomized block design using 51 bread wheat genotypes and data were recorded for fourteen metric traits. Results revealed that grain yield per plant possessed highly significant positive associations with biological yield per plant (0.787 and 0.606), number of spikelets per spike (0.565 and 0.358), number of tillers per plant (0.500 and 0.383) and spike length (0.320 and 0.297) at both genotypic as well as phenotypic level respectively. Biological yield per plant (1.125) exhibited highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by harvest index (0.678), number of spikelets per spike (0.109), days to maturity (0.100) and spike length (0.060). Therefore, these characters can serve as a selection criterion for further improvement in grain yield of wheat.
Assessment of tree diversity in distinctive deciduous forests of Suruli falls, Southern Western Ghats
Authors: Naveenkumar J , Sundarapandian Somaiah
Published: December 2018

A quantitative inventory was conducted in two distinctive tropical deciduous forests at Suruli falls forest of southern Western Ghats.  Two one-hectare plots were established and all trees >10cm DBH measured. Species richness, density, family importance value (FIV) and importance value index (IVI) were calculated and the results varied among the two sites. A total of 777 stems and 52 species were documented in both the sites and moist deciduous forest (MDF) had maximum number species richness and density than dry deciduous forest (DDF). The basal area was higher in MDF (502 stems/ha and 16.52 m2/ha) than in DDF (275 stems/ha and 7.23 m2/ha). However, Shannon and evenness indices showed a negative trend (DDF- 2.62, 0.41 and MDF- 2.37, 0.27). Diameter class-wise distribution of trees showed reverse ‘J shaped’ curve in both the forest types. Pterocarpus marsupium was the mono-dominant species holding one-third of the IVI (113), 27% of the stem density and 30% of the total basal area. DDF site is suspected to recurrence of annual fire. Anogeissus latifolia and Strychnos potatorum were the fire-tolerant species only found in lower diameter class. The maximum species shared contiguous distribution in the deciduous forests. The observed variations in the tree community between the two deciduous forest sites are possibly due to variations in altitude, rainfall, temperature, past disturbance, fire and edaphic characteristics.
A comparison of macro and micronutrient intake of adult men with different degrees of abdominal obesity
Authors: Grewal Dayadeep Kaur , Bains Kiran , Kaur Harpreet
Published: December 2018

One hundred and two volunteer male subjects (40-60 years) were divided on the basis of abdominal obesity into three groups - No abdominal obesity i.e. Grade 0 with waist circumference <94 cm; Abdominal obesity i.e. Grade I with waist circumference: 94.1 to 101.9 cm and Grade II with waist circumference: >102 cm. The daily consumption of protein per kg body weight of the subjects was 1.28, 1.21 and 1.06g, the protein intake of the subjects with Grade II AO was significantly (p?0.001) lower than the subjects with either no AO or Grade I AO. The carbohydrate: protein ratio varied between a narrow range of 3.48 to 3.69 among the three groups indicating high carbohydrate diets of all the subjects. Energy and fat intake of the subjects in all the groups was much higher than the recommended dietary allowances. The ratio of animal: plant protein intake was almost similar in the subjects with no AO or with Grade I and II AO, the ratio being 0.74, 0.81 and 0.89, respectively.  The micronutrient intake of the studied group was fairly adequate. Out of eight major vitamins, six were more than adequate (>100%) or marginally adequate (>75%), while the intake of minerals namely calcium, iron and zinc was adequate or nearly adequate among the subjects in the all the three groups, thereby indicating a good mineral and vitamin status of subjects in the present study.
Production of alkaline protease from Aspergillus oryzae isolated from seashore of Bay of Bengal
Authors: M Raghu Ram , Yepuru Suman Kumar
Published: December 2018

Aspergillus oryzae isolatedon  Potato dextrose agar  from soil samples of kottakoduru seashore of Bay of Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, India seashore of Bay of Bengal by spread plate method and was screened for alkaline protease production on Skim milk containing agar plates and identified by clear zones of protein hydrolysis around colonies. Different physical and chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration and incubation time were optimized for the better production of alkaline protease. The maximum protease activity was found at pH of 8 containing 10% wheat bran at 300C, after 72 hours of fermentation.ZnSO4was effective activator for protease activity and sodium dsulphate had shownmore than 50% inhibition of enzyme activity. Among the different oil cakes used for the production of enzyme the Sesame  oil cake proved to be suitable substrate after wheat bran for the production of protease by Aspergillus oryzae.
Intraspecific morphometric variability in the populations of Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton) from the Alaknanda basin of Central Himalaya
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Singh Deepak
Published: December 2018

The present study observed variations in the morphological traits of hill trout, Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton, 1807) from Alaknanda basin of Central Himalaya. A total of 124 samples of B. bendelisis were collected from three different tributaries, Dugadda Gad, Khankhra Gad and Khandah Gad of Alaknanda river between March 2015 to April 2016. Ninety morphometric characters were measured for each specimen. Statistical tools, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were used to differentiate the populations of B. bendelisis. PCA extracted eight significant morphometric traits explaining 87.9% of total variation among the three populations. DFA revealed that 83.1% specimens were retained into their original groups. Environmental factors were attributed to phenotypic variations among closely related populations. The present study is a first attempt on stock structure of B. bendelisis from different tributaries of Alaknanda river. The study will help in future conservation and management of this fish species across Uttarakhand region, India.
Effect of dietary intake on serum calcium levels and bone mineral density of menopausal women of Ludhiana city, India
Authors: Jain Shruti , Verma Subhashini
Published: December 2018

Sixty women of 45-55 years, belonging to middle income group were selected on basis of their Bone Mineral Density (BMD) from a – “Clinic After Forty” of Ludhiana city, Punjab. Serum calcium and BMD were tested using techniques called o-Cresolphthalein complexone (oCPC) method and Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) respectively. Subjects were given nutrition counseling (NC) twice a month for a period of 4 months. Assessment of nutritional status was done by dietary survey and anthropometric parameters before and after study. Dietary survey revealed that daily intake of milk and milk products (p<0.05), roots and tubers (p<0.01), green leafy vegetables (GLVs) (p<0.01), other vegetables and fruits (p<0.01) increased significantly whereas intake of sugar and jaggery and fats and oils (p<0.01) decreased significantly after NC. Intake of beta carotene, vitamin C, iron, calcium and phosphorus also increased significantly. Mean weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) waist-circumference, hip circumference and WHR decreased significantly after NC. Biochemical assessment revealed significant improvement in serum calcium levels and BMD from 7.82mg/dl to 8.99mg/dl (p<0.01) and -2.2 to -2.01 (p<0.01) respectively. Subjects were classified as osteopenic and osteoporotic on basis of their t-scores. Majority of the subjects were osteopenic and the rest were osteoporotic. But after NC %age of osteopenic subjects increased while %age of osteoporotic subjects decreased. Study emphasized the importance of NC to bring about positive changes in dietary intake of menopausal women which in turn improved their serum calcium levels and BMD. Hence NC can be taken as an effective and sustainable tool to tackle osteoporosis as it is a serious public health issue among Indian menopausal women.
Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from some medicinal plants of Biligirirangana hill, India
Authors: K.S Sushma , M. Jayashankar , Saeed Mohammed Ali , A.K. Vinu
Published: December 2018

Twenty fungal endophytes were isolated from different medicinal plants of Biligirirangana Hill, Chamarajanagar dist. Phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate extract showed positive results for tanins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins and alkaloids except saponin and flavonoid tests. The crude extracts of the fungal endophytes were tested against two gram positive and two gramnegetive bacteria for its antibacterial activity. The highest zone of inhibition was produced by Fusarium sps (AB9)35mm. All the crude extracts were found to be effective against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus rather in Pseudomonas aerogenosa. Among them the highest inhibition zone was produced in Penicillium sp (AB11) 24mm, Cladosporium sp(AB3) 21mm, and Aspergillus sp(AB12) 30mm. Therefore, endophytic fungi can be a good source to inhibit the growth of harmful pathogens.