bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Table S5 from Inflammation Mediated by Gut Microbiome Alterations Promotes Lung Cancer Development and an Immunosuppressed Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Rahal Zahraa , Liu Yuejiang , Peng Fuduan , Yang Sujuan , Jamal Mohamed A. , Sharma Manvi , Moreno Hannah , Damania Ashish V. , Wong Matthew C. , Ross Matthew C. , Sinjab Ansam , Zhou Tieling , Chen Minyue , Tarifa Reischle Inti , Feng Jiping , Chukwuocha Chidera , Tang Elizabeth , Abaya Camille , Lim Jamie K. , Leung Cheuk Hong , Lin Heather Y. , Deboever Nathaniel , Lee Jack J. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Fujimoto Junya , Wang Linghua , Petrosino Joseph F. , Ajami Nadim J. , Jenq Robert R. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad , Cascone Tina , Hoffman Kristi , Kadara Humam
Published: December 2024

Differentially expressed genes in the myeloid cluster of the colonic lamina propria.
Table S4 from Inflammation Mediated by Gut Microbiome Alterations Promotes Lung Cancer Development and an Immunosuppressed Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Rahal Zahraa , Liu Yuejiang , Peng Fuduan , Yang Sujuan , Jamal Mohamed A. , Sharma Manvi , Moreno Hannah , Damania Ashish V. , Wong Matthew C. , Ross Matthew C. , Sinjab Ansam , Zhou Tieling , Chen Minyue , Tarifa Reischle Inti , Feng Jiping , Chukwuocha Chidera , Tang Elizabeth , Abaya Camille , Lim Jamie K. , Leung Cheuk Hong , Lin Heather Y. , Deboever Nathaniel , Lee Jack J. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Fujimoto Junya , Wang Linghua , Petrosino Joseph F. , Ajami Nadim J. , Jenq Robert R. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad , Cascone Tina , Hoffman Kristi , Kadara Humam
Published: December 2024

Comparative analysis of microbial abundance in tumor tissue samples across FMT groups.
Table S1 from Inflammation Mediated by Gut Microbiome Alterations Promotes Lung Cancer Development and an Immunosuppressed Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Rahal Zahraa , Liu Yuejiang , Peng Fuduan , Yang Sujuan , Jamal Mohamed A. , Sharma Manvi , Moreno Hannah , Damania Ashish V. , Wong Matthew C. , Ross Matthew C. , Sinjab Ansam , Zhou Tieling , Chen Minyue , Tarifa Reischle Inti , Feng Jiping , Chukwuocha Chidera , Tang Elizabeth , Abaya Camille , Lim Jamie K. , Leung Cheuk Hong , Lin Heather Y. , Deboever Nathaniel , Lee Jack J. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Fujimoto Junya , Wang Linghua , Petrosino Joseph F. , Ajami Nadim J. , Jenq Robert R. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad , Cascone Tina , Hoffman Kristi , Kadara Humam
Published: December 2024

Flow cytometry antibody list.
Figure S1 from Inflammation Mediated by Gut Microbiome Alterations Promotes Lung Cancer Development and an Immunosuppressed Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Rahal Zahraa , Liu Yuejiang , Peng Fuduan , Yang Sujuan , Jamal Mohamed A. , Sharma Manvi , Moreno Hannah , Damania Ashish V. , Wong Matthew C. , Ross Matthew C. , Sinjab Ansam , Zhou Tieling , Chen Minyue , Tarifa Reischle Inti , Feng Jiping , Chukwuocha Chidera , Tang Elizabeth , Abaya Camille , Lim Jamie K. , Leung Cheuk Hong , Lin Heather Y. , Deboever Nathaniel , Lee Jack J. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Fujimoto Junya , Wang Linghua , Petrosino Joseph F. , Ajami Nadim J. , Jenq Robert R. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad , Cascone Tina , Hoffman Kristi , Kadara Humam
Published: December 2024

Supplementary figure S1. Effects of fecal microbiota transfer from Lcn2-deficient mice in various mouse models.
Table S4 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J.
Published: December 2024

DEGs- cDC1 vs LCs
Figure S5 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 5. Analysis of immune cell infiltrates in the skin after MCA injection.
Table S5 from Peripheral Blood–Derived PD-1/CD28–CD19 CAR–Modified PD-1+ T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Qitai , Chen Xinfeng , Li Congcong , Liu Yaqing , Shen Chunyi , Song Lijie , Miao Lijun , Guo Fuyou , Mou Xiaoning , Zhao Jie , Gu Weiyue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

Primers of genes.
Figure S4 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 4. Evaluating gp96-EGFP accumulation in CCR7-deficient (Ccr7-/- ) and cDC1-specific CD91-deficient (CD91fl/flXCR1cre ) mice.
Figure S2 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 2. Validation of CD91 deletion in cDC1.
Table S2 from Peripheral Blood–Derived PD-1/CD28–CD19 CAR–Modified PD-1+ T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Qitai , Chen Xinfeng , Li Congcong , Liu Yaqing , Shen Chunyi , Song Lijie , Miao Lijun , Guo Fuyou , Mou Xiaoning , Zhao Jie , Gu Weiyue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

The characteristics of patients with lung cancer for single cell sequencing.
Figure S7 from Peripheral Blood–Derived PD-1/CD28–CD19 CAR–Modified PD-1+ T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Qitai , Chen Xinfeng , Li Congcong , Liu Yaqing , Shen Chunyi , Song Lijie , Miao Lijun , Guo Fuyou , Mou Xiaoning , Zhao Jie , Gu Weiyue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S7. Basic flow chart of PD-1/CD28-CD19 CAR-PD-1+ T cell therapy.
Figure S11 from CD91 and Its Ligand gp96 Confer Cross-Priming Capabilities to Multiple APCs during Immune Responses to Nascent, Emerging Tumors
Authors: Nayak Devanshi A. , Sedlacek Abigail L. , Cillo Anthony R. , Watkins Simon C. , Binder Robert J.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 11. Quantification of CD91 expression on APCs in the skin and draining lymph nodes. 
Figure S5 from Peripheral Blood–Derived PD-1/CD28–CD19 CAR–Modified PD-1+ T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Qitai , Chen Xinfeng , Li Congcong , Liu Yaqing , Shen Chunyi , Song Lijie , Miao Lijun , Guo Fuyou , Mou Xiaoning , Zhao Jie , Gu Weiyue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S5. Characterization of PD-1+ and PD-1- CD4+ T cells in PB and tumor.
Figure S2 from Peripheral Blood–Derived PD-1/CD28–CD19 CAR–Modified PD-1+ T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Qitai , Chen Xinfeng , Li Congcong , Liu Yaqing , Shen Chunyi , Song Lijie , Miao Lijun , Guo Fuyou , Mou Xiaoning , Zhao Jie , Gu Weiyue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Quality control of scRNA-seq data.
Figure S7 from PTPRZ1-Targeting RNA CAR T Cells Exert Antigen-Specific and Bystander Antitumor Activity in Glioblastoma
Authors: Martinez Bedoya Darel , Marinari Eliana , Davanture Suzel , Castillo Cantero Luis , Erraiss Sarah , Dockerill Millicent , Barluenga Sofia , Winssinger Nicolas , Schaller Karl , Bijlenga Philippe , Momjian Shahan , Voize Christel , Tissot Stéphanie R. , Kandalaft Lana E. , Hammel Philippe , Cosson Pierre , Walker Paul R. , Dutoit Valérie , Migliorini Denis
Published: December 2024

In vivo anti-tumor activity of anti-PTPRZ1 CAR-T cells
Figure S6 from PTPRZ1-Targeting RNA CAR T Cells Exert Antigen-Specific and Bystander Antitumor Activity in Glioblastoma
Authors: Martinez Bedoya Darel , Marinari Eliana , Davanture Suzel , Castillo Cantero Luis , Erraiss Sarah , Dockerill Millicent , Barluenga Sofia , Winssinger Nicolas , Schaller Karl , Bijlenga Philippe , Momjian Shahan , Voize Christel , Tissot Stéphanie R. , Kandalaft Lana E. , Hammel Philippe , Cosson Pierre , Walker Paul R. , Dutoit Valérie , Migliorini Denis
Published: December 2024

Expression of effector/memory and activation/exhaustion markers by CAR-T cells in pre- vs. post-thawing samples
Supplementary Table S6 from Spatially Resolved Whole-Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Lung Cancer and Its Immune Microenvironment According to PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Koh Jaemoon , Lee Dongjoo , Kim Sehui , Song Seung Geun , Han Bogyeong , Jeong Hyein , Kim Young A , Keam Bhumsuk , Lee Se-Hoon , Kim Kwangsoo , Jeon Yoon Kyung , Chung Doo Hyun
Published: December 2024

Publicly available data source and analysis
Supplementary Table 8S from Spatially Resolved Whole-Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Lung Cancer and Its Immune Microenvironment According to PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Koh Jaemoon , Lee Dongjoo , Kim Sehui , Song Seung Geun , Han Bogyeong , Jeong Hyein , Kim Young A , Keam Bhumsuk , Lee Se-Hoon , Kim Kwangsoo , Jeon Yoon Kyung , Chung Doo Hyun
Published: December 2024

The most up- or downregulated gene sets in immune cells between ID_PDL1H and ID_PDL1L
Supplementary Figure S6 from Spatially Resolved Whole-Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Lung Cancer and Its Immune Microenvironment According to PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Koh Jaemoon , Lee Dongjoo , Kim Sehui , Song Seung Geun , Han Bogyeong , Jeong Hyein , Kim Young A , Keam Bhumsuk , Lee Se-Hoon , Kim Kwangsoo , Jeon Yoon Kyung , Chung Doo Hyun
Published: December 2024

Survival analysis according to subtype of NSCLC in ICI cohort
Figure S1 from Hyper-Interferon Sensitive Influenza Induces Adaptive Immune Responses and Overcomes Resistance to Anti–PD-1 in Murine Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Du Yushen , Salehi-Rad Ramin , Zhang Tian-hao , Crosson William P. , Abascal Jensen , Chen Dongdong , Shi Yuan , Jiang Hong , Tseng Yen-Wen , Ma Xi , Hong Mengying , Wang Sihan , Wang Xijuan , Tang Kejun , Hu Shiyao , Li Yuting , Ni Shaokai , Cai Yiqi , Tappuni Shahed , Shen Yong , Liu Bin , Sun Ren
Published: December 2024

In vitro cell viability assay and the safety profile of HIS
Data from CAR T Cells Engineered to Secrete IFNκ Induce Tumor Ferroptosis via an IFNAR/STAT1/ACSL4 Axis
Authors: Gao Yaoxin , Liu Shasha , Huang Yifan , Wang Hui , Zhao Yuyu , Cui Xuyang , Peng Yajing , Li Feng , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death that influences cancer immunity. Therapeutic modulation of ferroptosis is considered a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of other cancer therapies, including immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. In this study, we demonstrated that IFNκ influenced the induction of ferroptosis. IFNκ could enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to ferroptosis induced by the small molecule compound erastin and the polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid. Mechanistically, IFNκ in combination with arachidonic acid induced immunogenic tumor ferroptosis via an IFNAR/STAT1/ACSL4 axis. Moreover, CAR T cells engineered to express IFNκ showed increased antitumor efficiency against H460 cells (antigen positive) and H322 cells (antigen-negative) both in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that IFNκ is a potential cytokine that could be harnessed to enhance the antitumor function of CAR T cells by inducing tumor ferroptosis.
Data from Cannabidiol Enhances Atezolizumab Efficacy by Upregulating PD-L1 Expression via the cGAS–STING Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Kim Bu Gyeom , Kim Bo Ram , Kim Dae Yeong , Kim Woo Young , Kang Sanghee , Lee Sun Il , Oh Sang Cheul
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) relies on cytotoxic therapy. Currently, atezolizumab and chemotherapy can be combined in patients with TNBC. However, this approach is not effective for all patients, with many tumors showing low responsiveness to atezolizumab. As there is a lack of alternative treatment options, new anticancer drugs are urgently needed to enhance atezolizumab activity against TNBC. Recent strategies have focused on regulating the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or enhancing immune response activation by combining anticancer drugs with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabinoid component derived from the cannabis plant, has been reported to have anticancer therapeutic potential because of its capacity to induce apoptotic cell death in tumor cells while avoiding cytotoxicity in normal cells. Previous studies have demonstrated the effects of CBD on apoptosis in various cancer cell types. However, the potential role of CBD as an immune modulator in the regulation of PD-L1 expression and anticancer immune responses remains to be explored. In this study, we found that CBD stimulated PD-L1 expression in TNBC cells and that this occurred downstream of CBD-mediated cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase–stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS–STING) pathway activation. Taken together, we have demonstrated that the combination of CBD and anti–PD-L1 enhances the anticancer immune responses in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our findings identified the mechanism of PD-L1 regulation by CBD in TNBC cells and suggested that CBD could be a potential candidate for the development of new combinatorial strategies with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with TNBC.
Data from Inflammation Mediated by Gut Microbiome Alterations Promotes Lung Cancer Development and an Immunosuppressed Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Rahal Zahraa , Liu Yuejiang , Peng Fuduan , Yang Sujuan , Jamal Mohamed A. , Sharma Manvi , Moreno Hannah , Damania Ashish V. , Wong Matthew C. , Ross Matthew C. , Sinjab Ansam , Zhou Tieling , Chen Minyue , Tarifa Reischle Inti , Feng Jiping , Chukwuocha Chidera , Tang Elizabeth , Abaya Camille , Lim Jamie K. , Leung Cheuk Hong , Lin Heather Y. , Deboever Nathaniel , Lee Jack J. , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Fujimoto Junya , Wang Linghua , Petrosino Joseph F. , Ajami Nadim J. , Jenq Robert R. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad , Cascone Tina , Hoffman Kristi , Kadara Humam
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiome influences cancer progression and therapy. We recently showed that progressive changes in gut microbial diversity and composition are closely coupled with tobacco-associated lung adenocarcinoma in a human-relevant mouse model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the loss of the antimicrobial protein Lcn2 in these mice exacerbates protumor inflammatory phenotypes while further reducing microbial diversity. Yet, how gut microbiome alterations impinge on lung adenocarcinoma development remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of gut microbiome changes in lung adenocarcinoma development using fecal microbiota transfer and delineated a pathway by which gut microbiome alterations incurred by loss of Lcn2 fostered the proliferation of proinflammatory bacteria of the genus Alistipes, triggering gut inflammation. This inflammation propagated systemically, exerting immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment, augmenting tumor growth through an IL6-dependent mechanism and dampening response to immunotherapy. Corroborating our preclinical findings, we found that patients with lung adenocarcinoma with a higher relative abundance of Alistipes species in the gut showed diminished response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy. These insights reveal the role of microbiome-induced inflammation in lung adenocarcinoma and present new potential targets for interception and therapy.
Therapeutic Effects of Umbilical Cord Serum for Dry Eye Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Bo Da , Jiang Jia Xuan , Zhang Qi , Chu Yi Ran , Chen Ze Ying , Hu Kai
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent ocular condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Umbilical cord serum (UCS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option, but its efficacy requires further investigation. This systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of UCS eye drops in the treatment of DED. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of science, Embase, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Network, to identify relevant clinical trials. The efficacy of UCS was assessed based on key outcome measures, such as the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, and corneal fluorescein staining scores. Meta-analyses were performed to pool the results, and the findings were presented in a forest plot. Results: Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, with two relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 204 patients. Most of the included studies had a follow-up time of less than 2 months. The pooled results showed that UCS treatment significantly improved the OSDI, with a mean difference (MD) of −9.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], −12.0, −6.36) compared to baseline. Additionally, the TBUT values were higher in the UCS group, with an MD of 2.65 (95% CI, 0.93, 4.36). The Schirmer I test results showed an improvement, with an MD of 1.18 (95% CI, 0.30, 2.06). The fluorescein staining score were also lower in the UCS treatment group, with an MD of −4.71 (95% CI, −5.72, −3.69). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that UCS eye drops had a beneficial therapeutic effect on DED, significantly improving the OSDI, TBUT, Schirmer I test, and corneal fluorescein staining scores. However, larger RCTs with longer follow-up periods were needed to further evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of UCS in the management of DED.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Central Nervous System Inflammation Predict Cortical Decline in Bipolar Disorder and Ventricular Enlargement in Healthy Controls
Authors: Bellaagh Johansson Tobias , Klahn Anna Luisa , Göteson Andreas , Abé Christoph , Sellgren Carl M. , Landén Mikael
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Bipolar disorder has been associated with significant structural brain changes, potentially driven by central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammation biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and longitudinal structural brain changes. Methods: We included 29 individuals with bipolar disorder and 34 healthy controls, analyzing three selected inflammation-related biomarkers – interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) – in both blood serum and CSF. Structural brain changes were assessed through magnetic resonance imaging at two timepoints, focusing on cortical thickness of the middle temporal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus, as well as ventricular volume. Results: In healthy controls, baseline CSF levels of YKL-40 predicted ventricular enlargement in both hemispheres. Among individuals with bipolar disorder, higher baseline levels of IL-8 were associated with a decline in cortical thickness in the right and left middle temporal cortex, as well as the right inferior frontal gyrus. No significant associations were observed with serum biomarkers. Conclusions: These findings suggest that CSF IL-8 may contribute to cortical decline in bipolar disorder. The lack of association between serum biomarkers and brain changes highlights the specificity of CNS inflammation in these processes. Additionally, the observed link between CSF YKL-40 and ventricular enlargement in healthy controls may indicate a role of CNS inflammation processes in normal brain aging.
Pre-stimulus activity mediates event-related theta synchronization and alpha desynchronization during memory formation in healthy aging
Authors: Strzelczyk Dawid , Langer Nicolas
Published: December 2024

The capacity to learn is a key determinant for the quality of life, but is known to decline to varying degrees with age. However, despite mounting evidence of memory deficits in older age, the neural mechanisms contributing to successful or impeded memory remain unclear. Previous research has primarily focused on memory formation through remembered versus forgotten comparisons, lacking the ability to capture the incremental nature of learning. Moreover, previous electroencephalography (EEG) studies have primarily examined oscillatory brain activity during the encoding phase, such as event-related synchronization (ERS) of mid-frontal theta and desynchronization (ERD) of parietal alpha, while neglecting the potential influence of pre-stimulus activity. To address these limitations, we employed a sequence learning paradigm, where 113 young and 117 older participants learned a fixed sequence of visual locations through repeated observations (6,423 sequence repetitions, 55 '944 stimuli). This paradigm enabled us to investigate mid-frontal theta ERS, parietal alpha ERD, and how they are affected by pre-stimulus activity during the incremental learning process. Behavioral results revealed that young subjects learned significantly faster than older subjects, in line with expected age-related cognitive decline. Successful incremental learning was directly linked to decreases of mid-frontal theta ERS and increases of parietal alpha ERD. Notably, these neurophysiological changes were less pronounced in older individuals, reflecting a slower rate of learning. Importantly, the mediation analysis revealed that in both age groups, mid-frontal pre-stimulus theta partially mediated the relationship between learning and mid-frontal theta ERS. Furthermore, the overall impact of learning on parietal alpha ERD was primarily driven by its positive influence on pre-stimulus alpha activity. Our findings offer new insights into the age-related differences in memory formation and highlight the importance of pre-stimulus activity in explaining post-stimulus responses during learning.
Trial-by-trial detection of cognitive events in neural time-series
Authors: Weindel Gabriel , van Maanen Leendert , Borst Jelmer P.
Published: December 2024

Measuring the time-course of neural events that make up cognitive processing is crucial to understand the relationship between brain and behavior. To this aim, we formulated a method to discover a trial-wise sequence of events in multivariate neural signals such as electro- or magneto-encephalograpic (E/MEG) recordings. This sequence of events is assumed to be represented by multivariate patterns in neural time-series, with the by-trial inter-event intervals following probability distributions. By estimating event-specific multivariate patterns, and between-event time interval distributions, the method allows to recover the by-trial location of brain responses. We demonstrate the properties and robustness of this hidden multivariate pattern (HMP) method through simulations, including robustness to low signal-to-noise ratio, as typically observed in electro-encephalography (EEG) recordings. The applicability of HMP is illustrated using three previously published datasets. We show how HMP provides, for any experiment or condition, an estimate of the number of events, the sensors contributing to each event (e.g., EEG scalp topography), and the intervals between each event. Traditional exploration of tasks’ cognitive structures and electrophysiological analyses can thus be enhanced by HMP estimates.
Do bolder parents make better parents in anthropogenically disturbed environments?
Authors: Silverlake Arisha F. , Katsis Andrew C. , Colombelli-Négrel Diane
Published: December 2024

Urban developments and human activities are encroaching on our natural habitats at a rapidly increasing rate, placing many species under stress from anthropogenic disturbance. Animal personality can influence how individuals tolerate disturbance in their environment. We examined the relationships between boldness and breeding success in a highly anthropogenically disturbed population of little penguins (Eudyptula novaehollandiae) on Granite Island, South Australia. We measured boldness in individual penguins both at the nest (in response to a simulated nest intrusion; nest defence scores) and away from the nest (in response to a human approach; alert and flight initiation distances). We first assessed the repeatability of boldness across time and contexts, and then determined the relationships among boldness, parental care behaviours (return rate to the nest, feed rate to chicks, and number of overnight stays) and breeding success (number of chicks fledged). Nest defence scores were highly repeatable across months and years. Responses to a human approach (alert and flight initiation distances) were not repeatable, with penguins increasing their flight initiation distance across repeated trials. Mean nest defence scores positively correlated with the first flight initiation distance recorded, supporting the idea that both responses may be mediated by the same underlying personality trait (boldness). Neither nest defence score nor response to human approach predicted parental care or breeding success. Our results suggest that constant exposure to anthropogenic disturbance may have negative effects on little penguins and highlight the importance of limiting interactions between human visitors and penguins.
Parting the Waters: the Anagogical Sense in Maximus’ Ambiguum 10
Authors: Hottinger David L.
Published: December 2024

Those who wish to see an example of anagogical interpretation of the Bible will find abundant examples of it in the tenth of Maximus the Confessor’s Ambigua to John. This article explores Maximus’ approach to the spiritual sense of Scripture as exemplified in Ambiguum 10, particularly as it adumbrates a biblical basis for the elements of his theological anthropology. It begins with an overview of Maximus’ approach to biblical interpretation and pertinent elements of his anthropology. After presenting examples of Maximus’ anagogical exegesis, the article concludes by evaluating these interpretations by the inner logic of the spiritual senses (called here “formal continuity”) to show how an anagogical interpretation can be authentically understood to reveal a major element of that anthropology, namely the fall of man.
A Comparison of Extreme and Ordinary Freezing Rain Events of Long Duration and High Integrated Vapor Transport in Eastern North America
Authors: Miller Douglas K.
Published: December 2024

Freezing rain events of long duration (LD; at least 12 h) in two study domains of eastern North America gleaned from the database of McCray et al. are examined using ERA5 reanalysis-based integrated water vapor transport (IVT) to investigate how parent cyclones with high IVT (HIVT; surrogate for atmospheric rivers) contribute to severe freezing rain events. Although not necessary for an LD freezing rain event to occur, HIVT-influenced parent cyclones are associated with most (70%) events occurring in the southeastern Canada/northeastern U.S. (CAUS) study domain and with the majority (78%) of very long (at least 24 h) LD events in the region over a 38-yr period (1979–2016). Comparing extreme and ordinary LD events involving HIVT-influenced parent cyclones over the CAUS and southeastern U.S. study domains shows the importance in extreme events of slow movement and phasing between the continental parent cyclone located over eastern North America and a corresponding midlatitude anticyclone to the northeast of the CAUS domain that provides cold dry air needed in the near-surface cold layer to offset opposing diabatic effects. A corresponding subtropical anticyclone assists the parent cyclone in supplying warm and humid air at midlevels of freezing rain events to the northern reaches of the study domain, extending spatial and temporal scales of extreme events. Most ordinary LD event parent cyclones are progressive and impact the study domain only briefly. An abrupt end of ordinary LD events having a slow-moving parent cyclone occurs either when its center moves over the study domain or a second, newly dominant cyclone emerges.
Juan Miguel Acosta: His Revolutionary Contribution to Our Understanding of the Pathophysiology of Gallstone Pancreatitis
Authors: Pianetti Luigi S. , Smith Lauren N. , de Virgilio Christian M.
Published: December 2024

It is not every day that true scientific pioneers come along. Fortunately, the early 20th century gifted us with immensely talented professionals like Dr Eugene Opie, who set the groundwork for Dr Juan Acosta and his associates to make revolutionary advancements on the pathophysiologic origin and proper management of acute biliary pancreatitis. Amidst a modest hospital in the city of Rosario, Argentina, Dr Acosta pioneered numerous studies to validate his hypothesis that transient gallstone obstruction of the lumen was the true source of acute biliary pancreatitis. His findings, along with his mentorship within his residency program, and his dedication to improving patient outcomes, have cemented his name into patient care as we know it today. The goal of this paper is to outline the relentless dedication of Dr Acosta to the improvement of patient care and pancreatitis management.
Democratic Backsliding and Ethnic Politics: The Republican Party in the United States
Authors: Lieberman Robert C. , Schlozman Daniel
Published: December 2024

Views diverge about whether ethnic politics undermines or reinforces democracy. While ethnic politics is typically understood as minority politics, we consider the case of political parties that represent majority rather than minority ethnic groups. Two contextual factors increase the likelihood that a party representing a majority ethnicity will engage in democratic backsliding behavior: population decline that threatens the group’s majority status and close partisan competition. We show that under this combination of conditions, the U.S. Republican Party has been more likely to engage in voter suppression and vote manipulation rather than adapting to the changing demographics of the median voter. Republicans in states where these conditions prevail are more likely to pursue voter suppression; at the national level, Republicans have increasingly pursued a strategy aimed at rolling back longstanding voting rights protections. In elucidating the story of the Republican Party, we also open up comparison to other parties on the Right that have drawn on appeals to “ethnicized” partisanship.
Calling out the Troops to Manage Environmental and Health Crises in Australia: Public Understandings of Domestic Armed Forces Operations
Authors: Holloway Josh , Manwaring Rob
Published: December 2024

Domestic deployment of armed forces as part of state-led responses to environmental and health hazards is a common occurrence across liberal democracies. Yet we know little about how these domestic operations influence public attitudes. Using six focus groups, we examine Australians’ views on the performance and appropriate roles of the Australian Defense Force (ADF) in the context of two domestic operations: Bushfire Assist (2019–2020) and COVID-19 Assist (2020–2022). We find high trust in the ADF and the capabilities of its personnel in assisting the civil community in crisis response—but a trust often based in “blind faith.” Likewise, we find broad support for domestic deployments, but with a clear caveat: military personnel should not undertake any roles of coercion or enforcement. The findings suggest democratic governments must carefully balance the benefits of leveraging military resources against potentially weakening the public support sustaining military legitimacy and “social license” to operate.
Global Trends in Excellence Gaps From 1995 to 2019
Authors: Plucker Jonathan A. , Rutkowski Leslie , Rutkowski David
Published: December 2024

Excellence gaps are differences in advanced education outcomes among student groups. This study replicates and extends an earlier study on the prevalence and magnitude of excellence gaps based on student sex and immigrant status using Grade 8 TIMSS data. Data were included for the 12 countries that have participated in each TIMSS administration from 1995 to 2019. The analyses provide evidence that overall rates of advanced performance in both math and science appear generally flat, with some intercountry variability. Regarding excellence gaps, sex gaps in science and immigrant gaps in mathematics trend to zero across countries with low intercountry variability. Sex gaps in mathematics are more mixed, both across the entire sample and among the 12 consistently participating countries. Immigrant gaps in science trend to zero but with more intercountry variability. Interventions that address policy, programming, and instruction can provide opportunities for students with advanced learning needs within school systems that often prioritize minimum competency.
Hemoadsorption during cardiopulmonary bypass to absorb plasma-free hemoglobin in patients with acute type a aortic dissection: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bao Yu , Wang XiaoJun , Zi YunFeng , Qian Xu , Li YongBo , Li ShuXi , Wang Zhao
Published: December 2024

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the effect of hemoadsorption (HA) on plasma-free hemoglobin (pfHb) levels during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the clinical outcomes in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

Methods

In this single-center randomized trial, patients were assigned to either a group using the HA380 device or a control group without it. The primary outcome was changes in pfHb levels during CPB and within the first 48 hours after surgery. The study concentrated on comparing compared the data between the two groups using analysis of variance for repeated measures. Concurrently, both correlation and linear regression analyses were employed to identify the factors influencing pfHb levels.

Results

The mean pfHb concentration was lower in the HA380 group than in the control group,but there were no significant differences between the two groups ( F = 2.883, 95% confidence interval CI: −0.006 to 0.072, p = .093) using a repeated measures analysis of covariance model. Linear regression analysis identified body mass index (BMI) as the primary factor influencing the adsorption effect ( B = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.36–1.24, p = .001). Additionally, the major postoperative complications within the first 48 hours did not show significant differences between the groups, including acute kidney injury (AKI) (25% HA380 group vs 36% control group, p = .261) and postoperative liver dysfunction (PLD) (5% HA380 group vs 16% control group, p = .106).

Conclusion

The use of the HA380 device in CPB during cardiac operations may contribute to reduced pfHb levels. However, the difference was statistically non-significant because pfHb adsorption was notably influenced by the patient’s BMI. Consequently, BMI should be considered when deploying HA380 in prolonged CPB procedures, including ATADD repair. Enhancing either the number of devices or the duration of HA in patients with overweight or obesity may potentially improve postoperative clinical outcomes.
The value of using the Addenbrookes Cognitive Exam-III and the Rookwood Driving Battery to aid fitness-to-drive decisions with people who have dementia or mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Douglas Hazel R , Breckenridge Jenna P , Foster Jane , Douglas Rebekah P , Gemmell Aileen C , Arblaster Emma LH
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Further evidence is required to support the use of a combination of a generalist cognitive screen Addenbrookes Cognitive Exam-III and a specialist neuropsychological driving screen Rookwood Driving Battery to aid occupational therapists in making fitness-to-drive decisions for people with dementia.

Method:

An exploratory retrospective study was completed for drivers with dementia or mild cognitive impairment living within Scotland. Data were extracted from patient notes of drivers referred to occupational therapy, who had an ACE-III and RDB completed within a 6-month timeframe.

Results:

The study sample included 98 participants. A significant negative correlation was identified between both assessments. Lower cut-off scores were identified on the ACE-III below which no participant scored Rookwood Driving Battery <6 (Addenbrookes Cognitive Exam-III cut-off = 65), or the upper Rookwood Driving Battery pass of ⩽10 (Addenbrookes Cognitive Exam-III cut-off = 54). A small subset of participants ( n = 14) sat the on-road test. No participant passed on-road with a score >7 on the Rookwood Driving Battery.

Conclusion:

The ACE-III is a useful guide for referral to occupational therapy for assessment using the Rookwood Driving Battery and subsequent fitness-to-drive decisions for people with dementia.
Investigation of flexure response and damage behavior of CFRP/aluminum hybrid laminates among various temperatures
Authors: Yao Lu , Wang Yi , Ma Yan , Bai Shi , Zhu Jun , Wang Ziyi , Xu Jiajing , Zhang Zhong
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the flexural behavior of CFRP/aluminum hybrid laminate (FML-fiber metal laminate) among various temperature environments ranged from 25°C to 150°C through experimental, predicted, and numerical methods. Firstly, a series of three-point bending tests of FMLs (FMLs-A: orthogonal direction 0°/90°, FMLs-B: cross direction 45°/-45°) are conducted, bending load-displacement curves and failure morphologies of FMLs among various temperatures are recorded and compared. Then, considering the discreteness experimental data, the Weibull statistics model with two-parameter is developed to evaluate the ultimate bending strength of FMLs under different temperatures for better engineering application. Finally, the bending numerical models are established to characterize the effect of layer direction on damage modes and progressive damage evolution process of FMLs. The results indicate that the flexural strength of FMLs has a nonlinear downward trend with the increase of temperature. The similar delamination damage under different temperatures can be observed, especially for the higher temperatures. The comprehensive understanding of flexural behavior of FMLs can be beneficial to better design and manufacture the corresponding FML structures among various temperature environments.
Impact of a Culturally Targeted Lifestyle Course on Dietary and Weight Outcomes of Chinese Americans in Texas
Authors: Chen Danhong , Deng Furjen , Sun Helen
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the impact of a culturally targeted lifestyle course on the dietary and weight outcomes of Asian Americans.

Design

This was an observational study of participants for a culturally targeted lifestyle course taught online by a Nutrition Scientist and Board-Certified Holistic Health Practitioner.

Setting

From 2021 to 2022, 284 participants were recruited through 4 community organizations in Texas and completed the informed consent.

Subjects

140 Chinese Americans finished 3 surveys before, after, and 6 months after the course.

Measures

Participants’ fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed using the questionnaire from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and their physical activities were evaluated by the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire.

Analysis

We conducted repeated measures ANOVA to compare participants’ dietary and weight outcomes before, after, and 6 months after the course. Paired t-tests were performed to investigate how the outcomes differed from the baseline.

Results

The participants’ weights and BMI values at the 6-month follow-up were significantly lower than the baseline, though the changes were not significant immediately after the course. Rice consumption dropped significantly both after the class and at the 6-month follow-up. Participants also significantly reduced their intake of 100% juice and fried potatoes immediately after the class.

Conclusion

Community-based Participatory Approaches might be used to improve the dietary and weight outcomes of Asian Americans.
Eucalyptol Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice
Authors: Wang Yuning , Wu Dan
Published: December 2024

Background

One of the leading causes of acute brain injury is cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. It is an ailment that occurs when the brain does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood supply, which damages brain cells. Oxidative stress is recognized as a significant mechanism that causes I/R injury and is a critical focal point for therapy. Apoptosis and inflammation are all pathogenic processes underpinning I/R damage. Eucalyptol (EU), a plant-derived substance, protects neuronal damage. We postulate that EU inhibits apoptosis and oxidative stress after focal cerebral I/R damage in mice.

Purpose

Thus, the present work sought to examine the neurological protective benefits of EU in mice models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury.

Methods

The measurement of neurological function, infarct volume, and the amount of water in the brain were evaluated subsequently. The brain tissue was examined to assess the activities of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) levels, and histopathology was determined. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), apoptotic marker expression was used to measure the levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, and Bcl-2 associated X-protein (Bax) proteins that exist as indicators of apoptosis.

Results

EU treatment malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased while glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), A-TOC, and catalase (CAT) activity increased. Following EU therapy dramatically reduced cerebral dysfunction, which was supported by reduced histological damage in I/R injury. Furthermore, with lower levels of MMP-2 and 9, EU treatment could be a novel approach for preventing CI/R injury. EU-treated mice had a notable reduction in cleaved Bax, caspase-3, and increased Bcl-2 protein activities. EU therapy shields the brain against CI/R injury by inhibiting cell death.

Conclusion

According to the present study’s findings, EU is a promising neuroprotective agent that can be used to treat CI/R injury in mice. By focusing on these aspects, nurses can provide comprehensive care to patients involved in studies on the effects of EU on CI/R injury, promoting better outcomes through careful monitoring, supportive interventions, and education.
The Double-Edged Sword: Political Engagement on Social Media and Its Impact on Democracy Support in Authoritarian Regimes
Authors: Yilmaz Ihsan , Akbarzadeh Shahram , Abbasov Namig , Bashirov Galib
Published: December 2024

Utilizing data from the Arab Barometer surveys, this study distinguishes between social media and the internet’s general use and their usage for political purposes, examining whether political engagement—obtaining political information and expressing political opinions—on these platforms bolsters or undermines democracy in authoritarian contexts. Initially, political engagement on social media and the internet was positively linked with support for democracy. However, this has recently turned negative, probably reflecting the rise of digital authoritarianism (authoritarian regimes’ use of digital technology to surveil, repress, and manipulate both domestic and foreign populations). This paper argues that there are two potential mechanisms for this: self-censorship and social learning. Self-censorship suggests that individuals critical of the regime may refrain from expressing their political views on social media. Social learning involves acquiring information and forming beliefs through observation and interaction on these platforms. Both phenomena are influenced by digital authoritarianism in two primary ways: First, surveillance and repression by authoritarian regimes suppress political discussion, fostering conformity. Second, tactics like misinformation campaigns, use of chatbots, and artificial intelligence allow authoritarians to flood social media with propaganda, facilitating social learning of authoritarian values. This dynamic is particularly pronounced among those who already trust and support their government.
The ‘Quartered Head Technique’: a simple, reliable way of maintaining leg length and offset during total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Onafowokan Oluwatobi O , Haruna Muhammad , Bott Alasdair R , Bigsby Ewan , Middleton Rory G , Holt Gavin
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Various techniques have been described for restoring leg length and offset during total hip arthroplasty (THA). We herein describe a novel “Quartered Head Technique” (QHT) involving a series of femoral osteotomies.

Methods:

124 hips were included in the analysis. An anterolateral approach was used in all cases. Leg length, and offset were assessed intraoperatively and reproduced using the QHT. A leg-length discrepancy (LLD) of <6 mm was chosen as acceptable based on previously published literature. Postoperative pelvic radiographs were assessed by two independent observers to ensure inter-observer reliability.

Results:

The mean absolute postoperative difference in leg length from the contralateral leg was +3.58 mm. 84% of patients had LLD within ±6 mm of the contralateral limb. Mean absolute postoperative difference in offset from the contralateral leg was +3.88 mm. 90% of patients were within ±6 mm offset of the contralateral limb. There was no statistical difference noted between observer measurement.

Conclusions:

The QHT provides a simple, inexpensive, yet effective method of maintaining femoral leg length and offset during total hip arthroplasty
Implemented English curricula in transnational education: Neocolonialism and pedagogical orientations in a Canadian offshore program in China
Authors: Hai Rong , Zhang Zheng , Heydon Rachel
Published: December 2024

Transnational education has been widely offered through partnerships between minority world English-speaking countries such as the USA, UK, Australia, and Canada and majority world countries such as China, with a host of claimed benefits including opportunities to learn multiple languages. Despite its apparent opportunities, transnational education has also been identified as having the potential to forward neocolonialism and reproduce Western-centric linguistic and cultural hegemony through its imposition of English and English-related curricula onto majority world contexts. Contemporaneously, teachers, through their participation in implementing curriculum, have been documented as playing a crucial role in challenging neocolonial practices in transnational literacy education. To better understand and illustrate the role of teachers in transnational education implementation, this exploratory case study investigated three English teachers’ implementation of English curricula in a Canadian transnational education program located in China. Qualitative data sources included classroom observations and teacher interviews. The study was informed by the nested pedagogical orientations of literacy education (i.e., transmission, social constructivist, and transformative pedagogical orientations). Findings suggest that the teachers operated through transmission and social constructivist orientations and the various factors that mediated the implemented curricula: the programmatic curricular expectations, the local and global standardized tests, and students’ varied English proficiency levels. These factors concerted to enact literacy curricula that reinforced neocolonial power relations that privileged English academic literacy and Western-centric knowledges and ways of teaching. The article provides recommendations to resist neocolonial values and practices in literacy curriculum in globalized schooling contexts.