bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spain and the European Union: topical issues of interaction
Authors: Sharoichenko Natalia
Published: August 2020

This article analyzes various aspects of interaction of Spain and European Union (EU) at the present stage. Due to the fact that the studied period is less than six months (including several events happened in a period less than a month) before presenting the paper, this research is topical and covers issues which were not examined before in academic literature. The aim of the study is to analyze major problems on which Spain has made suggestions for positive changes in the EU recently. The research was conducted with the help of such methods, as event-analysis, comparison and system approach. The article implies consistent and coherent analysis of important recent events, political and economic processes which actors were Spain and the European Union. In order to make the research comprehensive, materials of international media, ofﬁcial statements and papers of researchers from Spanish-speaking countries on associated topics were studied. The main conclusion on Spain’s participation in political and economic processes at the level of the EU is that Spain suggests different ways to strengthen economies of the Eurozone, accelerate integration in the framework of the EU, resolve migration crisis and ﬁght against terrorism in Europe. Thanks to economic growth during this year and relative stabilization of political situation after the party crisis, Spain began to participate more actively in international projects within the EU, and it is engaged in a constructive dialogue on the most urgent European problems.
Everything can do the Kings and the Queens
Authors: Iovenko Valery
Published: August 2020

The article examines the important role which played in the history some European monarchs in the IX–XVIII ages. These kings and queens took part in the activities of the community of translators and interpreters. Their work was connected not only with the organization of the translator’s job in their countries (England, Spain, Russia), but with doing by these kings and queens translations from the foreign languages to mother tongues. The article pays special attention to the personality of the Spanish king Alfonso X Sage who opened at the XIII age the second stage of the famous Translator’s School in Toledo, placed at the head of its activities and added originality to the translator’s education and the art of translation, expanded genre fan of the translated works. The author describes the history of English version of Jacob’s translation of Bible, which always was object emblematic for many generations of translators.
Financial repression policy: Latin America and Spain’s lessons for Russia
Authors: Abu Bakr Farid Akhmed
Published: August 2020

Global financial crisis that in 2008 struck the economy and revealed many structural problems for the first time after the Great Recession had developed countries with high debt level at its core. The world’s richest economies such as Spain, Italy, Portugal, United States, the UK and Japan found themselves at the brink of default. Meanwhile emerging markets remain a volatile area with high fluctuations in portfolio investment. Lower economic growth rate in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Brazil or México caused by a slump in commodity prices created a hole in national budgets. Therefore, within a framework of nonconventional monetary policy both developed and emerging nations resorted to measures of financial repression between 2009 and 2014 to alleviate public debt problem and generate additional revenue for the government. However, recent studies dedicated to the phenomenon ambiguously assess the role of financial repression in achieving more efficient results of internal regulation. This article contributes to further quantitative analysis of a joint effect of financial repression measures. The purpose of the study is to identify macroeconomic consequences of the policy on the growth rate of GDP and its components.
Phraseological units in the Chilean variant of Spanish: lexicological and lingua-cultural approaches
Authors: George Tatiana K.
Published: August 2020

The theme of the linguistic, cultural and historical peculiarities of the national variants of Spanish is acquiring importance. The study of the thematic system of phraseological units (PU) reconstructs the national linguistic image of the world. Every concrete example of PU exposes the specific ethnolinguistic character of the metaphorical imagining and presents the material for the investigation from the lingua-cultural approach.

The “chilenisms” are the target of our study phraseological. The analysis focuses in the synonymy and homonymy, changes phraseological. As the problems of the change and the border of the diffusion of locutions in different areas are not examined sufficiently neither equally, also that the thematic national idioms field is very dynamic and diverse, we realized also the survey of native speakers of the Chilean variant concerning the semantics and the connotations of PU, which indicate that many PU considered “chilenisms” in the lexicological dictionaries of the 80s of the XXth century are unknown or obsolescent, at the same time there are many that do not consist in the dictionaries. Summing up, the realized analysis demonstrates the urgent need to develop – to renew and to deepen – the lexicographical sources.
Grammar of Spanish legal text: why is it difficult to understand the court judgements
Authors: Chibisova Olga
Published: August 2020

Texts of court judgements are especially difficult to understand by students of Spanish for specific purposes, not only because of legal terms, but also owing to their syntactic complexity. This study is dedicated to the main syntactic phenomena proper of the text of Spanish court judgements.
Interpretation of cultural heritage. The case of Andalusia
Authors: Koroleva Alina
Published: August 2020

The article touches upon the elements of the “competitive identity” of Spain – culture and tourism. Representation of a cultural heritage provides the image and development of Spain. Cultural heritage includes tangible and intangible culture, that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and preserved for the benefit of future generations. The public of cultural tourism is growing/ The art of interpretation of cultural heritage is not just to give information, but to connect emotionally with its public.
Allusion as one of the key components of the headlines of publicistic mediatexts
Authors: Kalanzhiy Yulia
Published: August 2020

The periodical press reflects modern reality, and the newspaper text becomes that integral element of modern society, which influences on social behavior, forms mass consciousness creates some myths and deconstructs the others. With the development of the Internet and the means of communication, the publicist text began to develop a new “environment”, gradually assimilating in the virtual space, creating a new phenomenon, a media text, which is of special interest for researchers.

The headline in the publicist media text serves as an attraction that makes the recipient pay attention to the proposed publication, go over the hyperlink and create a motivation to get acquainted with the main material of the article. In this vein, special attention is paid to the use of artistic means-irony, language games, metaphors, allusions, etc., since in the context of publicist discourse they become the main style-building components and attractive triggers. In our study, we consider allusion as one of the key components of the headline of publicist media text, as it reflects the culture layer that is common to the addressee and the recipient, thereby marking a certain cultural paradigm that dominates the given society.

Thus, the aim of our research is to analyze and systematize the basic principles of functioning of allusion in the headlines of publicist texts from the positions of media linguistics.
Representatives of MGIMO-University took part in scientific-practical events in Spain on Russia’s relations with the European Union (Information)
Authors: Popov I. V.
Published: August 2020

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Key aspects and consequences of Rafael Correa´s left-wing rule in Ecuador
Authors: Xavier Medina González Vinicio
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the main directions of political radicalism inEcuador, in particular the “left turn” of the Ecuadorian government led by R. Correa. It is proved that the new geopolitical situation in the modern world has led to changes in the political and economic strategy of Latin America, when one of the leading political and ideological trends in recent times in the region has become the “left turn” of a number of Latin American governments, which emerged as an alternative direction in search of achieving social equality and improving the economic situation. The article explores the goal of radical socio-economic transformations inEcuadorin 2007, their main tasks and consequences. An analysis of the key achievements of the government of the “civil revolution” R. Correa is made, their negative consequences are revealed, the analysis of the main effects of radical reforms affecting the political, economic and social situation in Ecuador is carried out. It was revealed that in foreign policy the main tasks forEcuadorwere to reduce dependence on theUnited States, eliminate geopolitical isolation from Europe andAsia, and diversify international relations.
Features of ecological discourse in the policy of the Latin American states
Authors: Shinkarenko A. A.
Published: August 2020

At the beginning of XXI century, there was a tendency towards the active implementation of the neoextractive paradigm in the economy of Latin American states, which was due to the existing“consensus of the commodities”. This term is interpreted by researchers as an economic, political and ideological order, which is based on the high demand for commodities in international markets. Despite impressive successes in filling up national reserves with funds received from the extractive industries, new forms of inequality and potential conflicts began to arise in Latin American society. The costs of the current model predetermined not only appeal to environmental discourse, but also to increasing of its supporters that allows them to outline their demands on the political landscape.
Banking sector of Spain: innovation
Authors: Malashenko T.
Published: August 2020

In a turbulent global economy, the introduction of innovations in the banking sector is a key factor in improving efficiency and stabilizing the global financial system. World financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009 became a serious test for the economy of Spain. The recognition of the importance of adapting the banking sector to new economic conditions is becoming increasingly relevant for considering modern processes taking place in the European Union and in the global economy as a whole. Spain is at the forefront in introducing digital technology into the banking sector, but its experience has been little studied. This is the first work analyzing the Spanish experience in introducing, developing and operating new technologies: Blockchain, mobile banking applications, alternative finance, sharing platforms, crowdsourcing. The author concludes that the introduction of innovation has transformed the banking sector in Spain and has led to a decrease in bank employees and a reduction in offices. The freed up resources were directed to the activation of the digital segment, which led to the leading position of Spain in digital banking. In the future, an even greater spread and development of these technologies is expected. It will grow more slowly than income, as deferred demand is absorbed and households increase their savings rates.
Communicative failures of the political discourse of the spanish party Podemos
Authors: Demkina A.
Published: August 2020

The article considers the effectiveness of the Spanish party Podemos discourse from the standpoint of cognitive science and pragmalinguistics. It argues that inconsistency in the development of discourse as well as communicative failures tend to play a significant role in promoting or degrading political communication and, as a result, affect the dynamics of electoral support.

Given the thesis of linguo-pragmatists that the source of communicative failure can be both the communicant himself and the circumstances of the communicative act, the author carries out a discourse analysis of the rhetoric of the Podemos leaders in a chronological framework - 2014-2019, focusing not only on the evolution of pragmalinguistic practices, but also on the pragmatic context of communicative events.

Having ascertained the high media dependence of the Podemos discourse and its performative nature, it has been revealed that the repeated nature of “performative misfires” or communicative failures leads to disruption of the discourse sequence, a decrease in its effectiveness, and even erosion of the communicator’s discursive identity.

It seems that if the aggressive communication tactics of “media scandals” are likely to bring politicians popularity at the starting stage, then voters subsequently expect logic and consistency from their representatives, and the discontinuity and incomprehensible change of the discursive framework for the audience may lead to uncontrolled consequences for the addresser. It is recorded that the decline in Podemos’s electoral support in the general and municipal elections in Spain in 2019 may refer to large media scandals around the party’s activities, which have been triggered by violations of discursive logic.
MGIMO participates in the forum “Russia and Iberoamerica in a Globalizing World”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: August 2020

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On the Situation of Russian-Speaking Population in Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine
Authors: Chernyavsky S.
Published: August 2020

Events of 2014 in Ukraine and around it confirmed that Russian languages, as well as the Russianspeaking population, have been involved into a cruel political game in which the ruling circles of that country are ready to go as far as physical extermination of national minorities. The article analyzes the legal status of the Russian-speaking population in Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine, and the possibility of obtaining basic and higher education in Russian. Taking into consideration the priority of such areas as the protection of rights of Russian-speaking compatriots, the article proposes possible ways of improving the efficiency of using funds allocated to support the Russian-speaking education in these states.
Japan and Trans-Pacific Partnership Impact on the Development of Cooperation within SCO
Authors: Ivanov A.
Published: August 2020

Factors of interest of Japan towards Central Asian and SCO countries as well as possibilities of inclusion of Japan into geopolitical agenda of SCO are analyzed. Prospects of interrelations in USA-Japan-China triangle are under examination in the paper.
Yevgeny Pastukhov
Authors: Pastukhov Y.
Published: August 2020

Yevgeny Pastukhov
Cooperation in the sphere of regional security strengthening – priority task of SCO
Authors: Yurong C.
Published: August 2020

The author insists that cooperation in the sphere of security remains the main task of SCO. The achievements of recent 10 years as well as new threats and challenges for security are considered, the author argues for necessity to provide common for all members of SCO legal basis for further approaches to security issues in the region of Central Asia.
Pakistan and SCO
Authors: Amin S.
Published: August 2020

Peace and stability in Afghanistan are crucial for the economic potential not only of Central Asian region but Asia as a whole/ Possibilities of Pakistan to play a greater role in the SCO are under discussion in the paper. The author considers important economic issues (energy corridors from Turkmenistan to Pakistan via Afghanistan) and counter-terrorist struggle in Pakistan.
The Republic of Tajikistan and the Economic Cooperation within the SCO Structure
Authors: Muminova F.
Published: August 2020

The paper gives proof to necessity of broadening of economic cooperation between SCO member-states. Priority activities are formulated: creation of transport infrastructure and institutional basis for joint projects.
BRICS, SCO and new mechanisms of Global Governance
Authors: Toloraya G.
Published: August 2020

The paper deals in detail with the purposes of creation and functioning of BRICS. The activities of BRICS and SCO are compared; the prospects of building new political, economic and financial architecture are examined. Dialogue of civilizations is expected to develop further under the auspices of international multilateral structures.
Megatrends of the Information Globalization
Authors: Smirnov A. I.
Published: August 2020

This article discusses megatrends of information globalization as a multidimensional process. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become the driver of the fifth technological order of civilization and the foundation of the sixth. In addition to the undoubted positive for socialization of humanity ICT have generated a fundamentally new threats - infogens. In the face of the deteriorating of international situation has sharply increased role of strengthening of the international information security (IIS). Offensive approaches of NATO and the United States to the problem of the IIS are radically different from the peace approaches of Russia and its partners in the SCO.
On the Tasks and Prospects of SCO Activities in the Future (Proceedings of the 10-th Session of SCO Forum)
Authors: Lukin A. , Ivanov A.
Published: August 2020

Short review of all reports and most important speeches of the participants of the 10-th SCO Forum in Khanty-Mansiisk.
Chinese Factor in The Policy of Russia in the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Vorobiev V.
Published: August 2020

The details of China’s political (internal and foreign) development under the rule of Xi Jinping in respect to recent trends in Russia-China relations having reached the level of strategic conjugation (战略对接) are being discussed in the article. Different theoretical approaches to the concept of Silk Road Economic Belt, prospects and problems of its practical implementation are considered as well as the possible change in China’s position and its role in international affairs in the Asia-Pacific region and in the global scale.
The Trilateral Relations between Russia, China and USA on the Background of Ukrainian Crisis
Authors: Shaolei F.
Published: August 2020

After eruption of Ukrainian crisis special attention is paid to the relations between Russia, China and USA becoming one of the most notable phenomenons of modern international policy. What are the reasons? What is the essence of relations in the triangle? How interaction is evolving after Ukrainian crisis? What are the peculiarities of relations in the triangle under current conditions and what will be their impact to the international policy in future?
Is there any future for Neo-Ottoman Turkey project?
Authors: Eshba E.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of neo-Ottoman project in Turkey, as well feasibility of its implementation in regional policy. The paper gives a brief historical overview, suggests a comparative analysis of the main trends in modern foreign policy of Ankara, and explores differences and similarities of neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism on the modern stage. The article also highlights the actions of Turkey and some of their consequences on the Syrian track.
Foreword. A new Caucasian workshop
Authors: Mukhanov V. , Yarlykapov A.
Published: August 2020

Foreword. A new Caucasian workshop.
The US ABM system and global strategic stability
Authors: Mizin V.
Published: August 2020

The problems of antimissile defense constitutes one of the key issues of global arms control domain of today. No advancement toward the lowering of global military threat, reciprocal reduction of nuclear weapons’ arsenals and the solving of contemporary tasks in the vast realm of today’s strategic stability are feasible, if a suitable arrangement on it is not to be found. At the same time, this conundrum is the major irritant in the Russia-West interrelationship, first and foremost, in our dealings with the NATO military-political alliance led by the USA. Therefore, finding the mutually acceptable solutions to this end would have promoted the consolidation of mutual trust and created the prerequisites for moving toward a safer and more stable world. The paper suggests a set of specific urgent steps that would show the ways out of the current negotiating impasse related to the ABM problematic and created the basis for a potential agreement while not afflicting the national security of any state in the world.
The role of the religious factor in political processes in Israel
Authors: Krylov A. V.
Published: August 2020

This article studies the influence of religion on political and social processes in Israel. Modern Israel is a complicated multi-ethnic and multi-religious society. Israel is home to over 8 million people and approximately a quarter of its citizens are non-Jews (Muslim Arabs and Christian Arabs, Druze, Bedouins, Circassians and etc.). In spite of the fact that the Israeli system of law provides “the complete equality of social and political rights to all its inhabitants irrespective of religion, race or sex”, many Arabs and other non-Jews citizens of the State are not really integrated into Israeli society and do not feel themselves full citizens of the State that seeks to position itself exclusively as a «Jewish State».

In addition the tension between Israel’s Middle Eastern and European identities is personified in the contradictions between Ashkenazim and Sephardim. There are also religious differences between Jews who identify themselves with the ultra-Orthodox, religious nationalists (so called “Hardelim” - an acronym of two words in Hebrew – “Hared” (ultra-orthodox) and “Leumi” (nationalist)), traditionalists and secular Jews. The article notes that the current «Likud» government supported by the religious parties actually strengthens the tendency to clericalization of Israeli political and social life.

The author also makes an attempt to understand and analyze the basic historical, philosophical and religious aspects of the National-Religious trend in Israeli politics. This trend turned into a powerful force after a Jewish religious fanatic Yigal Amir had killed Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin in 1995.

The research reveals the forms and methods, aims and objectives of the Israeli official settlement policy, determines the attitude of the religious parties and groups towards the settlement movement and indicates a negative influence of the settlement factor on the Israeli-Palestinian negotiating process and political situation in the Middle East as well.
Evolution of European Sanctions: From Individual Measures to Consolidated Policy
Authors: Silaeva V. A.
Published: August 2020

In modern world, as more and more states are reluctant to apply direct military force, the role of non-military instruments of coercion such as economic sanctions augments in international relations. In recent years economic sanctions have become firmly anchored in the system of European instruments of foreign policy. Although their implementation and monitoring still requires substantial improvements, progress and high level of consolidation can be witnessed on several recent examples. The article focuses on the evolution of the institutional basis and the mechanisms of coordination of the European Union policy in the sphere of restrictive measures, as well as detailed analysis of current tools of elaboration and implementation of various economic foreign instruments. Three stages can be distinguished in the evolution of European restrictive measures. Originally, there was no coordination as sanctions were introduced by nation states separately and individually. However, with the rise of economic interdependency of the allies there appeared new instruments for the exchange of information and opinions that have evolved into strictly binding mechanisms we can witness today. The example of Iranian sanctions shows what new schemes have been elaborated to increase the effectiveness of sanctions policy and how they have spread and developed, including to work out sanctions against Russia.
Foreign Policy Decision-Making in China: Key Features of the Reforms since the 18th National Congress of the CPC
Authors: Denisov I.
Published: August 2020

Xi Jinping’s diplomacy relies on certain institutional changes related to the foreign policy decision-making process. National Security Commission (NSC) was established at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee in November 2013. The paper analyzes the rationale behind this decision, personal composition and main tasks of the NSC. The author argues that further evolution of the National Security Commission does not exclude its transformation into a dual party-state institution in charge of foreign policy and national security. This move will reshape the structure of power distribution in PRC.
Political and Economic Situation in Madagascar in the Period of the Forthcoming Presidential Elections in 2018
Authors: Safronov K.
Published: August 2020

In the run-up of the forthcoming presidential election scheduled for the end of 2018 the political situation in the Republic of Madagascar is worsening. The incumbent president Hery Rajaonarimampianina is being accused of possessing levers of influence on judiciary. However, in the author’s opinion, most of the citizens support the president, and the prospects of political development to a significant degree are dependent on the present socioeconomic situation on the island. Risks of mass protests are quite low. The paper acknowledges the effectiveness of economic policy pursued by the executive power. The current financial situation, as a whole, meets expectations, and the positive results of a budget execution are obvious.
White Helmets: Goals, Activity, and Outcome
Authors: Zinin Yuri
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the origins and activities of the “White Helmets” (WH) organization in Syria during the crisis of 2013 and up to nowadays. The author rejects the view of the WH as a politically unbiased voluntary formation realizing humanitarian mission and claims that the organization was from the outset inspired externally to support anti-government forces in the Syrian Arab Republic. The article cites data exposing generous financing, various material endorsements and political guardianship provided for the “White Helmets” on the part of Western and a number of Middle East and Gulf sponsors. Analyzed also are the WH methods used to release its media products and perform various activities to cautiously distort the occurring events. The author claims a sinister role played by the WH in trumpeting up accusations the Syrian government troops of chemical attacks by against population of cities Khan Sheikhun and Douma. Later on, these accusations were used as an excuse for the airstrikes of the USA and its alliance partners against Syrian facilities. Summing up the activities of the “White Helmets”, the author puts forward some ideas to counter similar projects.
China – Angola – Russia: Non-existing Triangle
Authors: Dikarev A.
Published: August 2020

This article contains the detailed comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese participation in the economic development of one of the most important African countries. The article highlights the history of credits and loans, foreign direct investments to Angola, dynamics of Russian and Chines trade turnover in the 21-st century. Main projects of Russia-Angola economic co-operation, activities of the biggest Chinese companies in Angola are in the scope of this research. Main economic interest of both powers – China and Russia – is to obtain access to the rich energy and mineral resources of Angola. However, any numerical indices of Russian and Chinese involvement into Angolan economics show that Russia cannot compete with China in this respect. Incomparable scale of trade turnover and economic cooperation make the hypotheses about possible “rivalry” between Russia and China in this region groundless. In spite of the fact that China has reduced loans volumes to Angola recently, the trade between the two countries shows increasing trend. For the time being Russia seems competitive to China in military cooperation with Angola though falls behind in humanitarian sphere.
Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO) – 10 Years’ Anniversary
Authors: Belukhin N. E.
Published: August 2020

NORDEFCO which emerged as the new format of defence and militarypolitical cooperation between the countries of the Northern Europe is considered to be the logical result of the previous security initiatives of Nordic countries, but at the same time the emergence of this format has taken the cooperation to a whole new level. NORDEFCO has in ten years evolved from the structure aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of defence expenditures to the forum on security issues of the Northern Europe. Nordic countries did not manage, however, to achieve significant progress on most proposals laid out in the Stoltenberg Report of 2009. Nevertheless, as foreign policies of Nordic countries continue to converge, NORDEFCO continues to retain its value and significance, even if it is taken into account that the multilateral cooperation within the framework has not proved as effective as the bilateral cooperation as in the case of Sweden and Finland. At the same time different relations of Nordic countries with the EU and NATO hinders further progress in the sphere of defence integration. NORDEFCO along with other subregional initiatives such as NG12, NB8 and e-PINE (NB8+USA) has the potential to serve as the groundwork for a full-fledged security forum in the Baltic Sea region.
Prospects for the UK Cooperation with the Scandinavian-Baltic States after Brexit
Authors: Vorotnikov V. V.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to analyzing various aspects of the impact of Brexit consequences on the states of the Scandinavian-Baltic region and the prospects for relations with them. It is noted that Brexit may lead to a slowdown in the economic growth of the countries of the region, but it will not be significant. At the same time, given the small scale of the economies and their dependence on the external economic situation, the Baltic countries will experience a relatively greater negative impact than the highly developed innovative economies of the Nordic states. Revision of the priorities for the EU funding will also lead to a decrease in subsidies within the framework of the cohesion policy and the implementation of infrastructure projects, which can be painful for the economies of the Baltic states. A change in the direction of migration flows from these countries is also highly likely. As for security and defense cooperation, changes are unlikely here, since the UK has repeatedly reaffirmed its commitment to the principles of collective defense within NATO. However, a reduction in the number of channels of interaction and coordination of positions in international affairs (as a natural consequence of withdrawal from EU political institutions) is likely to intensify UK participation in other formats of regional political and defense cooperation (NB+1, JEF, NORDEFCO, etc.).
Plantas medicinais utilizadas nas PICS
Authors: De Oliveira Gisele Lopes , Rodrigues Carol de Jesus , Santos Pábula Oliveira dos , Silva Luciana Ravena Costa , Santos Alice Lemos , Belasco Isabel Cristina
Published: August 2020

A valorização do conhecimento tradicional no cuidado com a saúde preconiza a conexão entre a medicina científica e a medicina tradicional empírica, buscando incentivar o uso das plantas para fins terapêuticos. As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares utilizam recursos terapêuticos baseados nesses conhecimentos, voltados para a prevenção de enfermidades e como tratamentos complementares para doenças crônicas, focando na recuperação da saúde através de tecnologias seguras e eficazes, enfatizando o desenvolvimento do vínculo terapêutico e da escuta acolhedora. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo levantar as plantas medicinais utilizadas em Práticas Alternativas e Complementares no Espaço Crescer, Alcobaça, Bahia. As informações sobre as plantas utilizadas no tratamento de enfermidades, seu modo de uso, preparo, indicações terapêuticas e místicas, e principais Práticas Integrativas associadas, foram coletadas através de um processo de vivência e observação, conversas informais com voluntários do Espaço Crescer. Foram levantadas 91 espécies de plantas medicinais, a forma de uso mais indicada foi o óleo essencial, para a prática da aromaterapia, especialmente. As plantas que se destacaram pela maior importância terapêutica e energética foram a amescla, aroeira-vermelha, vitex, salsa e o mulungu, mas as que apresentaram uma maior Importância Relativa foram ylang-ylang, lótus, pitanga e da babosa.
Una flor imposible. Walter Benjamin y la experiencia en crisis / An impossible flower. Walter Benjamin and the crisis of experience
Authors: Staroselsky Tatiana
Published: August 2020

El concepto de experiencia es central en la obra de Benjamin, como atestigua la multiplicidad de trabajos académicos que intenta esclarecerlo. Así, la crítica benjaminiana al concepto kantiano de experiencia, la posibilidad de hacer una experiencia con el pasado que interrumpa el curso de la historia, la potencialidad de la experiencia estética en el marco de la crisis de sus soportes tradicionales y el reconocimiento de la experiencia religiosa son algunos de los ámbitos problemáticos en los que la apelación al concepto de experiencia resulta ineludible. En este marco, la crisis o el empobrecimiento de la experiencia en el siglo XX es uno de los problemas centrales de los que es necesario dar cuenta para intentar esclarecer qué entiende Benjamin por experiencia. Este trabajo, por lo tanto, se centró en este diagnóstico trabajando, en primer lugar, con aquellos textos en los que Benjamin se ha referido más explícitamente a este fenómeno y evaluando, asimismo, algunas interpretaciones actuales, deteniéndose en el debate acerca de si la crisis diagnosticada por Benjamin permite vislumbrar una cierta reconfiguración de la experiencia o nos condena a pensar en su absoluta imposibilidad. Sostenemos, de la mano de las lecturas de Didi-Huberman y Déotte, que en su propuesta late la posibilidad de aprovechar la pobreza de experiencias para alojar y explorar las experiencias que nuestro tiempo histórico hace posibles.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ ЛИЧИНОК КАМБАЛЫ-ТЮРБО
(SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS) В ЗАВОДСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ
С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МИКРОВОДОРОСЛЕЙ DUNALIELLA SALINA И
NANNOCHLOROPSIS OCULATA В КАЧЕСТВЕ СРЕДЫ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ
Authors: Лопухин Д. Г. , Хайновский К. Б.
Published: August 2020

Выращивание личинок камбалы-тюрбо проводили на базе экспериментального

рыбоводного цеха Атлантического филиала ФГБНУ «ВНИРО» («АтлантНИРО») в 2019 г.

Предличинок камбалы-тюрбо, полученных заводским способом, выращивали в бассейнах

при различной плотности посадки в культуре «зеленой» воды с различными

микроводорослями с целью определения их влияния на скорость роста и выживаемость

личинок. Для дополнительной оценки результатов исследований было проведено сравнение

данных экспериментальных работ с данными предыдущих лет исследования – 2010 и

2018 гг. В результате установлено, что экспериментальные культуры микроводорослей

пригодны для выращивания личинок камбалы-тюрбо (Scophthalmus maximus) при различной

плотности посадки.
БАТОНЧИКИ-СНЕКИ ДЛЯ СПОРТИВНОГО ПИТАНИЯ:
МАРКЕТИНГОВОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ
Authors: Некрасова Ю. О. , Мезенова О. Я.
Published: August 2020

Представлен анализ результатов маркетингового исследования предпочтений

потребителей в области спортивного питания Калининграда и Калининградской области.

Изучены предпочтения потребителей при выборе спортивных пищевых продуктов. Часто

покупаемая форма спортивного питания – батончик, что соответствует форме проектируемого

продукта протеиновый батончик – снек. Обоснована актуальность использования протеиновых

гидролизатов, полученных из голов копченой кильки, и вторичного яблочного сырья в составе

протеинового продукта. Разработана технологическая схема производства батончика-снека,

предназначенного для спортивного питания.
Sự thiếu vitamin D ảnh hưởng sức khỏe và một số bệnh tật
Authors: Nguyễn Trọng Nghĩa
Published: August 2020

Vitamin D deficiency are increasing at a global level, and they are associated with increased risk of various diseases. In Vietnam, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency ranged from 20% to 46%, up to 81.6% in the population in South Asia, 69.5% in the US and 86.4% in European countries. Vitamin D is one of the essential nutrients to sustain the human health. As a member of the steroid hormone family, it has a classic role in regulating metabolism of calcium and a non-classic role in affecting cell proliferation and differentiation. With the finding of the vitamin D receptor in nearly every tissues and the more recent discovery of thousands of VDR binding sites throughout the genome controlling hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D and its impact on multiple biologic. Therefore, vitamin D has many effects include xenobiotic detoxification, oxidative stress reduction, neuroprotective functions, antimicrobial defense, immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory, anticancer actions, and cardiovascular benefits. Thus, Vitamin D deficiency is closely associated with common chronic diseases such as bone metabolic disorders, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.
Key words: Vitamin D deficiency, health, diseases.
El legado del Che
Authors: Rodríguez Ostria Gustavo
Published: August 2020

En 1962, Cuba decidió defender su revolución, buscando crear bajo su patrocinio una línea de defensa con guerrillas extendidas por todo el continente que operara como un cinturón de defensa. La lucha armada rural fue promovida como el mejor método —sino el único— método de toma del poder, contrapuesto al gradualismo o al pactismo de los partidos comunistas, que, a los ojos isleños, demoraban la lucha en espera de que se dieran las “condiciones objetivas” para la revolución. Bolivia, desde entonces, fue escenario privilegiado de la nueva doctrina: en 1963, sirvió de lugar de paso y santuario para las guerrillas que Cuba esperaba asentar en Perú y Argentina; cuatro años más tarde, como es suficientemente sabido, fue el centro de operaciones del Che, dejando un legado que se expandió por el Cono Sur del continente americano: el “foquismo”.

Tras el asesinato del Che (9 de octubre de 1967) emergieron, sin embargo, otras variantes de lucha armada que, tomando la inspiración guevarista, la modificaron. Así, privilegiaron la lucha urbana y no la rural o buscaron otra relación entre lo militar y lo político, subordinando lo primero a lo segundo, a diferencia de la receta guevarista.

En estas páginas se muestra cómo los herederos y las herederas del Che afrontaron en Bolivia las contingencias teóricas y prácticas de remontar la derrota de Ñancahuazú e iniciar una discusión —o cerrarla— para aproximarse a las nuevas condiciones políticas locales y continentales. Asimismo, se trata de establecer y de analizar las mutaciones, las continuidades y las contradicciones en la historia del Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), y de su sucesor, el Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores de Bolivia (PRT-B), en la álgida década comprendida entre 1967 y 1977.
Los marxistas brasileños
Authors: Soares Rodrigues Lidiane
Published: August 2020

La historia del marxismo, sobre todo durante el siglo XX, puede ser reconstruida en torno a dos ejes. En primer lugar, se trata de observar que Karl Marx, y numerosos autores marxistas, corresponden a casos particulares de un fenómeno más amplio: la circulación internacional de ideas, agentes y bienes culturales. En segundo lugar, se constata el desarrollo del marxismo en torno a dos principales espacios de producción simbólica: la esfera política y la científica. El presente trabajo se refiere al marxismo brasileño, a la luz de esos dos ejes: por un lado, la oposición y la interdependencia entre el espacio político y el científico/cultural y, por otro, las asimetrías del espacio global de intercambios intelectuales. Para ello se apela a los recursos de la sociología de la cultura, principalmente —aunque no de modo exclusivo— de matriz bourdieuana, perspectiva poco frecuente entre los brasileños.

El artículo se desarrolla en tres partes. En primer lugar, reconstruye la experiencia de dos círculos de lectura de Karl Marx, uno constituido por profesores y el otro por alumnos de la Universidad de San Pablo (USP), a finales de los años 1950. Con ello nos proponemos realizar la sociogénesis de la oposición entre eruditos (scholars) y comunistas. Luego, presenta los nexos de interdependencia entre el polo científico y el político, por medio del análisis de una encuesta que hemos realizado en 2014 a 988 marxistas brasileños.Finalmente, el artículo procura comprender esa sociogénesis en función de la reconfiguración morfológica del espacio político y científico que se dio en Brasil durante los años setenta así como de la posición dominada del país en el espacio de los intercambios globales.
¿De qué forma es posible la escritura biográfica hoy?
Authors: Heinrich Michael
Published: August 2020

Michael Heinrich (Heidelberg, 1957) viene de publicar Karl Marx o el nacimiento de la sociedad moderna, el primer tomo de una biografía monumental de Marx que será completada en los próximos años con una extensión prevista de tres o cuatro gruesos volúmenes. La edición original alemana de 2018 fue acompañada por traducciones casi simultáneas al portugués, el inglés y el francés. Editorial Akal de Madrid anuncia para 2019 la aparición de la versión castellana de este primer volumen.

Heinrich visitó recientemente Buenos Aires, invitado por el CeDInCI y la Fundación Rosa Luxemburgo para participar de nuestro evento internacional Marx 200 años. Exponente de una corriente alemana conocida mundialmente por postular “una nueva lectura de El Capital”, miembro del colectivo editor de la revista PROKLA y autor de numerosos libros consagrados a la opera magna de Karl Marx — Crítica de la economía política. Una introducción a El Capital de Marx (2004), Cómo leer El Capital de Marx (2012)—, ofreció el pasado 23 de noviembre en nuestro país una conferencia titulada “Nuevos textos y nuevas lecturas de El Capital de Marx”.

Poco antes de su conferencia del 22 de noviembre, le planteamos la pregunta: ¿Por qué una nueva biografía de Marx?. Heinrich aceptó el desafío, nos propuso como título “Sobre la necesidad de una nueva biografía de Karl Marx” y nos hizo llegar para Políticas de la memoria el texto que tenemos el gusto de publicar a continuación, que sirvió de guía a su exposición. Nos apresuramos a traducirlo considerando que sus reflexiones metodológicas sobre la biografía histórica así como sus consideraciones acerca de la hermenéutica de los textos mediada por la recepción dialogaban muy bien con nuestra agenda historiográfica, enriqueciéndola con nuevos desarrollos.

 

Michael Heinrich

La vida de una persona es algo diferente a su biografía, ya sea la escrita por él mismo o por un otro. Una biografía no es capaz de transmitir más que una imagen incompleta de esa vida, dado que las fuentes disponibles (también una autobiografía necesita fuentes) son más o menos fragmentarias. Además, la representación biográfica nunca es independiente de los intereses de quien escribe, tanto de sus puntos de vista personales como de aquellos condicionados por su época. Y, por encima de esto, siempre ha cambiado lo que en términos históricos se espera de una biografía, aquello que es considerado una biografía buena, o adecuada. De ahí que no tenga nada de trivial la pregunta acerca de la forma en que la escritura biográfica es hoy posible y significativa.
Source characterization of volatile organic compounds measured by proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers in Delhi, India
Authors: Wang Liwei , Slowik Jay G. , Tripathi Nidhi , Bhattu Deepika , Rai Pragati , Kumar Varun , Vats Pawan , Satish Rangu , Baltensperger Urs , Ganguly Dilip , Rastogi Neeraj , Sahu Lokesh K. , Tripathi Sachchida N. , Prévôt André S. H.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Characteristics and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
were investigated with highly time-resolved simultaneous measurements by two
proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers (PTR-ToF-MS) at
an urban and a suburban site in New Delhi, India, from January to March 2018. During the measurement period, high mixing ratios of VOCs and trace gases
were observed, with high nocturnal mixing ratios and strong day–night
variations. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model was
applied separately to the two sites, and six major factors of VOCs were
identified at both sites, i.e., two factors related to traffic emissions,
two to solid fuel combustion, and two secondary factors. At the urban site,
traffic-related emissions comprising mostly mono-aromatic compounds were the
dominant sources, contributing 56.6 % of the total mixing ratio, compared
to 36.0 % at the suburban site. Emissions from various solid fuel
combustion processes, particularly in the night, were identified as a
significant source of aromatics, phenols and furans at both sites. The
secondary factors accounted for 15.9 % of the total VOC concentration at
the urban site and for 33.6 % at the suburban site. They were dominated by
oxygenated VOCs and exhibited substantially higher contributions during
daytime.
First ice thickness measurements in Tierra del Fuego at Glacier
Schiaparelli, Chile
Authors: Gacitúa Guisella , Schneider Christoph , Arigony Jorge , González Inti , Jaña Ricardo , Casassa Gino
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Cordillera Darwin in Tierra del Fuego (Chile) remains one of the least studied glaciated regions in the world. However, this region being one of very few terrestrial sites at this latitude in the Southern Hemisphere has the potential to provide key information on the effect of climate variability and climate change on the cryosphere at sub-polar mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. Glacier Schiaparelli is located at the northern side of the Cordillera Darwin draining the north side of Monte Sarmiento (2187 m asl). Despite being one of the largest glaciers in the Cordillera Darwin no previous in situ observation of its ice thickness had been made neither at this glacier nor at any other location in the Cordillera Darwin. Ice thickness is one of the fundamental parameters to understand glaciers dynamics, constrain ice dynamical modelling and predict glacier evolution. In April 2016 we performed the first successful ice thickness measurements using terrestrial ground- penetrating radar in the ablation area of Glacier Schiaparelli (Gacitúa et al., 2020), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919331. The measurements were made along a transect line perpendicular to the ice flow. Results show a valley shaped bedrock with a maximum ice thickness of 324 m within a distinct glacier trough. The bedrock is located below current sea level for 51 % of the transect measurements with a minimum of −158 m which illustrates that the local topography is subject to considerable glacier-related over-deepening.