bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación a profesores en las competencias matemáticas de Educación Media, Juigalpa, 2014
Authors: Romero Díaz Tonys , Guzmán Contreras José Eligio
Published: February 2017

Este artículo fue producto de un diagnóstico, obtenido al aplicar una prueba de matemática, que consistió en el examen de admisión para el nuevo ingreso 2014 que aplica la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Managua. Se utilizó una muestra de veinte profesores del municipio de Juigalpa, Chontales, quienes de manera voluntaria aplicaron al examen. Se realizó un análisis de discriminación a cada uno de los ítems que componían la prueba, así como a todo el examen. Paralelamente al análisis cuantitativo, se identificó una serie de problemas en la resolución del examen a través de un análisis cualitativo de cada uno de los ejercicios planteados. Los resultados reflejaron que  los profesores de secundaria del municipio de Juigalpa presentan dificultades en la resolución de ejercicios que son evaluados en los exámenes de admisión de la UNAN-Managua. Las áreas de estudio más afectadas en el examen fueron: la geometría euclidiana, los logaritmos, la teoría de conjuntos, la estadística, funciones reales y la trigonometría. Se recomienda establecer una estrategia de trabajo en conjunto UNAN-Managua y el Ministerio de Educación que refuerce la competencia de los docentes en pro de beneficiar al estudiantado de secundaria para los futuros exámenes de admisión.SummaryThis article was the result of a diagnostic that was obtained by applying a math test, which consisted of the admission test for new students of the year 2014 that the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (Managua) applies. We used a sample of twenty teachers from the municipality of Juigalpa, Chontales who voluntarily applied the test. The discrimination analysis was done to each of the items that made up the test, as well as the entire test. Parallel to the quantitative analysis, a series of problems were identified in resolving the test through a qualitative analysis of each of the exercises.The results showed that secondary teachers in the municipality of Juigalpa presents difficulties in resolving the exercises that are evaluated in the admission test of the UNAN-Managua. The study areas that are most affected in the test were: Euclidean geometry, logarithms, set theory, statistics, real functions and trigonometry. Therefore, based on the results, it is recommended to establish a strategy of working together UNAN-Managua and the Ministry of Education to strengthen the teacher’s competence in order to benefit secondary students for future admissions tests.
La Radio Comunitaria ¿Cómo resignificarla hoy?
Authors: Paiz Malespín Gretta
Published: February 2017

Las Radios Comunitarias surgieron en América Latina, como medios alternativos a la radio comercial y la radio estatal. Se posicionaron como una herramienta indispensable en el debate de temas emergentes desde la comunidad en un contexto marcado por principios de unidad, consenso, participación, discernimiento y diálogo. No obstante, hoy esos contextos han cambiado, por lo que se hace inevitable abrir el debate y discutir las condiciones actuales de las Radios Comunitarias, bajo la premisa de re-significarlas desde nuevos escenarios desafiantes. Con este propósito surge el ensayo: “La Radio Comunitaria: ¿Cómo resignificarla hoy?”.Esta es una propuesta que nace consciente del escenario complejo en que operan las Radios Comunitarias en América Latina, criminalizadas, marginadas e invisibilizadas por los Estados, los monopolios, los oligopolios y por los grupos de poder. A este panorama nada sencillo, se suma que también son radios divididas por geografía, edad, cultura, idioma, estilos de vida y formas de concebir el mundo.SummaryThe Community Radio’s emerged in Latin America as alternative means to commercial radio and state radio. They were positioned as an indispensable tool in the debate of emerging issues from the community in a context marked by principles of unity, consensus, participation, discernment and dialogue. However, today these contexts have changed, so it is inevitable to open the debate and discuss the current conditions of community radio stations, under the premise of redefining them from new challenging scenarios. With this purpose the essay appeared: "The Community Radio: How can we redefine it?"This is a proposal that came out aware of the complex situation in which the community radio stations operates in Latin America, as they are criminalized, marginalized and invisibilized by States, monopolies, oligopolies and power groups. In this panorama which is not so easy, we add the fact that they are radios that are also divided by geography, age, culture, language, lifestyles and ways of conceiving the world.
Aproximaciones a los imaginarios sociales del golpe de Estado en Honduras
Authors: Randazzo Francesca
Published: February 2017

No hay resúmenes disponiblesRealidad: Revista de Ciencia Sociales y Humanidades No. 136, 2013: 231-280
Una mirada al antiimperialismo latinoamericano desde la invasión norteamericana en Nicaragua y la fundación de la Liga Anti-imperialista de San Salvador (1926-1927)
Authors: Deras Roberto
Published: February 2017

La Liga Antiimperialistade las Américas (LADLA) fue fundada enla Ciudadde México el año de 1925, como uno de los primeros intentos, por parte dela InternacionalComunista, de crear una organización capaz de denunciar la presencia intervencionista de Estados Unidos en la región.La principal tarea fue instaurar un frente único que aglutinara a representantes de todos los sectores revolucionarios y progresistas que veían con preocupación el expansionismo económico estadounidense, pero al mismo tiempo buscar apoyo al proceso revolucionario soviético. En El Salvador se organizaron dos ligas, la primera se constituyó como sector de la sección centroamericana dela LADLA; la otra liga surgió desvinculada del comunismo internacional, se estableció en la ciudad de San Salvador y se constituyó como una organización en pro de la autonomía económica y política de los pueblos hispanoamericanos; fundamentalmente del pueblo de Nicaragua. El presente artículo pretende mostrar el ideario y la actualización de la segunda organización:la LigaAnti-Imperialistade San Salvador. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y de humanidades No. 136, 2013: 281-328
Propuesta de evaluación de impacto de proyectos basado en el marco del paradigma de desarrollo humano: proyecto turístico de FOMILENIO en Suchitoto
Authors: Cuadra Rodrigo , Flores Alejandro , Orellana Luis
Published: February 2017

La siguiente investigación plantea que las actividades agrícolas no son el único medio para lograr el desarrollo rural. Con base en el "nuevo paradigma de desarrollo rural", actividades no agrícolas, como el turismo, surgen como alternativa hacia la ampliación de las oportunidades de que disponen las personas en los territorios rurales. Es por ello que nace la idea de indagar si el "Programa de incremento de la competitividad de la cadena de valor de turismo de la zona Norte" del Fondo del Milenio (FOMILENIO) -específicamente la ayuda brindada al municipio de Suchitoto, en el departamento de Cuscatlán- cumple con las nociones esenciales del Paradigma de Desarrollo Humano planteado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas (PNUD), en cuanto a productividad, equidad, sostenibilidad y potenciación.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No.137, 2013: 375-416
Descripción de la dinámica agroproductiva-comercial del subsector café en El Salvador y aproximación al análisis de equidistribución del ingreso generado, 1990-2011
Authors: Chiquillo Katherine , Gaitán Nelson , Vargas Luis
Published: February 2017

El cultivo de café fue el responsable de la acumulación originaria de capital en el país, y actualmente sigue siendo una de las principales fuentes de ingresos de las familias del sector agropecuario; sin embargo, su dinámica de producción y comercialización produjo grandes brechas de desigualdad, que en la actualidad siguen deteriorando las condiciones de vida de los más desprotegidos: los asalariados y los pequeños productores. La interpretación de índices e indicadores muestran que la tenencia de la tierra y las relaciones comerciales entre los distintos actores juegan un papel preponderante para la distribución de la riqueza generada. Los beneficios-exportadores procesan y exportan más del 90% del café, por lo que determinan el precio de compra a más del 80% de los pequeños productores. Así también, queda demostrado que el beneficio-exportador explota y sobreexplota a asalariados con tasas promedio de 362% y 11% respectivamente, mientras que expolia a pequeños productores en una tasa promedio de 88%. Sería ingenuo pensar que se puede desbaratar de tajo toda una estructura económica de más de cien años; sin embargo, es urgente dirigir acciones que permitan cerrar paulatinamente las amplias brechas de desigualdad. La investigación apunta al desarrollo de políticas que empiecen a apostar por las estrategias de desarrollo territorial protagonizadas por las comunidades organizadas, asocios de productores y movimientos cooperativistas.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No.137, 2013: 417-460
La agricultura familiar campesina en Centroamérica: una apuesta estratégica frente a los desafíos de los territorios rurales
Authors: Gómez Ileana , Cartagena Rafael , Ortiz Xenia , Díaz Oscar
Published: February 2017

No hay resúmenes disponiblesRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No.137, 2013: 511-525
Presentación No. 138
Authors: El Editor
Published: February 2017

No hay resúmenes disponibles
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 138, 2013: 529-530.
Desarrollo rural: hacia una visión compleja
Authors: Sosa Velásquez Mario
Published: February 2017

No hay resúmenes disponiblesRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 138, 2013: 531-551
El debate marxista sobre la crisis económica actual financiarización: ¿Causa o consecuencia de la crisis capitalista?
Authors: Escobar Beatriz
Published: February 2017

No hay resúmenes disponiblesRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 138, 2013: 573-598
Incidencia de la legislación laboral en las condiciones del empleo juvenil
Authors: González Raúl , García Marielos
Published: February 2017

La juventud es una categoría que tiene distintas vertientes relacionadas con lo biológico, social, jurídico, económico, antropológico, e histórico, lo cual lleva a considerar que existe diversidad en los grupos de jóvenes. Sin embargo, una variable que puede ser útil para agrupar a todos ellos es la edad. Este es el parámetro que se utiliza en la legislación salvadoreña para defenir qué debe entenderse por joven. Esto está definido en varias leyes y tratados internacionales, pero defiere la edad señalada por los mismos, lo que trae consecuencias jurídicas distintas según sea el tema a tratar por cada una de éstas. En El Salvador existe una legislación laboral que sirve de marco para analizar las condiciones laborales de los jóvenes, quienes se encuentran en relativa desventaja respecto a los adultos, por ejemplo, en los salarios que se reciben y su cobertura de necesidades fisiológicas básicas. Esto afecta de igual manera el análisis económico de este sector.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 138, 2013: 599-631
“Nurses eat their young”: A novel bullying educational program for student nurses
Authors: Gillespie Gordon Lee , Grubb Paula L. , Brown Kathryn , Boesch Maura C. , Ulrich Deborah L.
Published: February 2017

Bullying is a known and ongoing problem against nurses.  Interventions are needed to prepare nursing students to prevent and mitigate the bullying they will experience in their nursing practice. The purpose of this article is to describe the development process and utility of one such intervention for use by nursing faculty with nursing students prior to their students’ entry into the profession. The educational program was critiqued by an advisory board and deemed to be relevant, clear, simple, and non-ambiguous indicating the program to have adequate content validity. The program then was pilot tested on five university campuses. Faculty members who implemented the educational program discussed (1) the program having value to faculty members and students, (2) challenges to continued program adoption, and (3) recommendations for program delivery. The proposed multicomponent, multiyear bullying educational program has the potential to positively influence nursing education and ultimately nursing practice. Findings from the pilot implementation of the program indicate the need to incorporate the program into additional nursing courses beginning during the sophomore year of the nursing curricula.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ANTIWEAR PROPERTIES FOR BLENDS OF JET FUEL WITH BIO-COMPONENTS DERIVED FROM RAPESEED OIL
Authors: Boichenko Sergii , Lejda Kazimierz , Iakovlieva Anna , Kuszewski Hubert , Vovk Oksana
Published: February 2017

Antiwear properties of jet fuel, two kinds of biocomponents derived from rapeseed oil and their mixtures were investigated experimentally. Antiwear properties were estimated by the value of the scuffing load and the limiting load of scuffing applied to the friction pair working in a fuel medium. Biocomponents, mainly rapeseed oil FAME and rapeseed oil FAME modified via vacuum distillation were used during the study. It is found that lubricity of biocomponents is significantly higher comparing to conventional jet fuel. It is explained by the chemical composition of FAME: highly polarity of molecules stipulate their good adsorption at the surface of friction pair. High viscosity of biocomponents due to chemical structure positively influence on their lubricity. Adding biocomponents into jet fuel results in strengthening boundary film and thus improves antiwear properties of fuel blends. It is determined that FAME modified via vacuum distillation possess better lubricating ability comparing to standard FAME derived from rapeseed oil. Correlation between viscosity and lubricity of fuel is shown
Aporte del empleo fuera de finca a los ingresos de hogares indígenas y mestizos de la Amazonía ecuatoriana
Authors: Vasco Cristian , Bilsborrow Richard
Published: February 2017

This study examines the process of income diversification among indigenous and mestizo households settled in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. The results of a random-effect tobit model show that agricultural wage work is the principal income source for homes with scarce or no land. Self-employment employs households with low endowments of education but high endowments of capital. Non-agricultural wage income absorbs educated individuals either indigenous or mestizo.
Testing for bubbles in agriculture commodity markets
Authors: Areal Francisco José , Balcombe Kevin , Rapsomanikis George
Published: February 2017

We apply the recent generalized sup augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF) test for explosive bubbles (Phillips et al., 2012) to monthly time-series for food, beverages, agricultural raw material, cereals, dairy, meat, oils and sugar indices and a total of 28 agricultural commodities between 1980-2012. We found price bubbles occurred for 6 out of the 10 indices studied and for 6 out of the 28 commodities within food markets. Results from the tests can help implementing policies aimed at mitigating effects of future price bubbles to targeted food commodity markets that may require special attention.
Утицај урбанистичког планирања на урбани развој градова у Босни и Херцеговини од 1945. до данас (студија случаја Бањалуке)
Authors: Милојевић Бранкица
Published: February 2017

Урбанистичко планирање на простору Босне и Херцеговине остварује значајан утицај на урбани развој градова од завршетка Другог свјетског рата, па све до данашњег времена. У периоду социјализма планирање градова је било механизам за просторно креирање државних програма развоја, чија реализација је зависила искључиво од политичке и економске моћи државе и њених експонената. Повишен степен реализације планова утицао је да однос планирања и карактера урбане форме буде све очигледнији. Експертски орјентисано, просторно‐физички детерминисано, у периоду осамдесетих година ХХ вијека планирање је снажно детерминисало урбану планиметрију, стварало просторне услове за нове градске функције и јасно дефинисало просторне релације, урбане репере и карактер физичке структуре. У периоду транзиције урбанистичко планирање се ослања на тржишне критерије који теже ка повећању ефикасности коришћења градског грађевинског земљишта, као једном од основних приступа урбаној обнови. Либерализација друштвених односа, партиципација, денационализација градског грађевинског земљишта, приватизација државног капитала и глобализација неки су од многобројних процеса који утичу на нови приступ урбанистичком планирању које, на другачији, мање директан начин, још увијек представља битан утицајни фактор на урбану трансформацију.
Tipologija lounge potencijala otvorenih prostora
Authors: Živanović Ivan
Published: February 2017

Rad se bavi definisanjem tipologije lounge potencijala otvorenih prostora, koja se zasniva na slabim kriterijumima, da bi kao takva mogla biti primjenjiva u početnim fazama stvaralačkog procesa. Radi se jednoj vrsti subjektivne tipologije, različite od uobičajenih tipoloških istraživanja. Lounge podrazumijeva subjektivni osjećaj opuštanja koji nastaje na relacijama tijelo – okruženje. Fokus je na formiranju okvira, iz kog je ličnu percepciju potencijala okruženja moguće analizirati i usmjeriti ka lounge koncepcijama.
О утицају интеракције модова на својствене облике извијања танкозидних носача
Authors: Цвијић Радомир , Борковић Александар , Татар Саша
Published: February 2017

У раду се дају нека разматрања о утицају интеракције модова на облике извијања танкозидних носача. Класична теорија је ограничена искључиво на носаче недеформабилног попречног пресјека, те је за општију анализу било потребно примијенити полуаналитички метод коначних трака. Поље помјерања траке је апроксимирано редом производа тригонометријских функција и полинома, при чему су за тригонометријске функције усвојени својствени облици Бернули‐Ојлерове греде. Кориштене су и спојена и раздвојена формулација метода коначних трака. На основу изложене теорије, развијен је програмски код који омогућава детаљан увид у проблеме интеракције модова. Детаљно су анализиране криве извијања и стабилности једног отвореног и једног затвореног попречног пресјека. Указано је на утицај критичне дужине локалног извијања слободно ослоњеног носача на доминантне својствене облике носача других услова ослањања и произвољне дужине.
Моделовање пописа становништва златиборског округа применом ГИС‐a
Authors: Секуловић Драгољуб , Дробњак Синиша , Васиљевић Славко
Published: February 2017

Основна замисао овог рада јесте да се квалитетно и ефикасно представи структура становништва коришћењем различитих картографских метода имплементираних у ГИС софтверске пакете. Као тест подручје приказа могућности моделовања пописа становништва применом ГИС‐а узет је Златиборски округ. При моделовању пописа становништва коришћене су класичне картографске методе имплементиране у софтверском пакету Arc Gis фирме ESRI, као што су: метода картодијаграма, метода картограма, метода обојених површина (арела) и метода тачака.
Прва метролошка лабораторија за еталонирање мерила угла и дужине
Authors: Делчев Синиша , Огризовић Вукан , Гучевић Јелена
Published: February 2017

Метролошка лабораторија Грађевинског факултета, Института за геодезију и геоинформатику, почела је са радом 1985. године и у њој се врши еталонирање свих врста мерила у геодезији. За читав овај период у лабораторији су испитивана и еталонирана многобројна и различита мерила која се користе у геодезији. У циљу унапређења рада набављана је савремена мерна опрема и усавршаване су методе рада. Осим рада у лабораторији, поједини њени чланови ангажовани су и у систему акредитације у Републици Србији. Побољшање метода рада и стручно усавршавање је за чланове лабораторије перманентни задатак. У раду ће бити приказане активности Метролошке лабораторије и њених појединих чланова, поједине методе рада и циљеви који су постављени ради даљег унапређења квалитета.
Industrial heritage as a potential for redevelopment of post-industrial areas in Austria
Authors: Cizler Jasna , Pizzera Judith , Fischer Wolfgang
Published: February 2017

The paper aims at examining the current policy and practice on rehabilitation of former industrial areas in Austria, with special focus on industrial heritage and its social and economic potentials. Often neglected, industrial places are today valuable sites with alternative aesthetics and after-use concepts such as living, cultural events, leisure or greening urban areas. The assumption is that regeneration of industrial areas needs the inclusion of local groups, in order to preserve the place identity and to initiate a beneficial re-use of the heritage site. Consequently the authors pay special attention to the planning processes and the positive effects of civil and creative development initiatives. The used methodology is based on qualitative and quantitative methods, including case studies, qualitative interviews and data analysis.
Zlatko Ugljen in Tuzla: a contribution to discussion on the architecture of convent and church of Saint Peter and Paul
Authors: Malinović Miroslav
Published: February 2017

The work deals with the architecture of the Franciscan convent and church of Saint Peter and Paul in Tuzla – a complex built during the 80s of the XX century, according to а project done by one of the most prominent domestic architects, the academician Zlatko Ugljen. Although the Franciscan convent existed in Tuzla even earlier, the site of the contemporary complex is entirely new, which allowed Ugljen to produce а new language in architecture and the identity of the place, unburdened by the historical legacy.After the introductory historical discussion, the work addresses several proposed solutions, and afterwards the developed project, as well as its transformation and changes throughout the time, up until nowadays. Besides that, short review on the interior design and artistic decoration of the complex is presented. Work also gives short insight on the important Ugljen’s projects, with the aim of correct positioning of this project within the rich author’s opus. 
Novi pristup u tehničkoj harmonizaciji i standardizaciji u oblasti građevinarstva: betonske konstrukcije
Authors: Radulović Silvana , Jovanović Stevan , Đuričić Rade
Published: February 2017

U Republici Srpskoj se nedovoljno poznaju pravila koja vladaju na tržištu EU u sferi proizvodnje, nadzora i kontrole građevinskih proizvoda. Novo zakonodavstvo RS potrebno je uskladiti sa evropskim načelima Novog i Globalnog pristupa, ugrađivanjem tih načela u zakone. Implementacijom Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEZ (CPD) u zakonodavstvo Republike Srpske, definisaće se bitni zahtjevi za građevinske objekte koji se moraju zadovoljiti. Razradu bitnih zahtjeva za građevinske objekte treba urediti regulativom «nove generacije». U radu su navedena važeća tehnička pravila u oblasti betonskih konstrukcija u EU i Republici Srpskoj, kao i način usaglašavanja tehničke regulative Republike Srpske u oblasti betonskih konstrukcija sa regulativom EU, kojom bi se uredilo područje projektovanja i građenja.
THE COLONIZATION OF GERMAN NATIONAL MINORITY AND ITS SACRED ARCHITECTURE IN REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA
Authors: Malinović Miroslav , Okilj Milijana , Preradović Ljubiša
Published: February 2017

The arrival of the Austro-Hungarian authorities to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Congress of Berlin in 1878, created the preconditions for the inhabitation of people from all over the Habsburg Monarchy to the territory of BIH. The members of the German national minority had the most benefits and the most organized system of arrival, and due to the convenience of arable land and planned settlement, all German colonies were formed on the territory of today’s Republic of Srpska. Germans who came, retained their national, religious and cultural identity, and immediately upon arrival began to build and help the churches and convents, belonging both to Roman-Catholic and Evangelical denominations, contributing to the establishment of the spatial identity and architectural landscape. The sacred buildings, whose architecture and historical development are the topic of this paper, are largely preserved to this day.
ПАРАМЕТРИ АРХИТЕКТОНИЧНИХ КОМФОРА У ВРТИЋИМА
Authors: Ступар Диана
Published: February 2017

Овај рад се бави просторима дјеце, односно вртића, и његовим квантитативним и квалитативним детерминантама. Дјеца на специфичан начин перципирају простор, који као такав има значајну улогу у њиховом когнитивном развоју. Квалитетно пројектован вртић треба да задовољи захтјеве повишеног комфора. Вредновање угодности простора дјеце врши се кроз физичке и архитектоничне параметре простора. Физички комфори су мјерљиви и упоредиви, док се архитектонични комфори појављују као међусобна  фузија просторних параметара. У овом раду ће бити квалификован сет параметара за  вредновање мјерљивог аспекта архитектоничних комфора, чиме ће сe проширити постојећи механизми за мјерење основних врста комфора у објектима дјечијих вртића. 
Incorporation of Duffing Oscillator and Wigner-Ville Distribution in Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Mrgole Anamarija L. , Sever Drago
Published: February 2017

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the use of various chaotic pattern recognition methods for traffic flow prediction. Traffic flow is a variable, dynamic and complex system, which is non-linear and unpredictable. The emergence of traffic flow congestion in road traffic is estimated when the traffic load on a specific section of the road in a specific time period is close to exceeding the capacity of the road infrastructure. Under certain conditions, it can be seen in concentrating chaotic traffic flow patterns. The literature review of traffic flow theory and its connection with chaotic features implies that this kind of method has great theoretical and practical value. Researched methods of identifying chaos in traffic flow have shown certain restrictions in their techniques but have suggested guidelines for improving the identification of chaotic parameters in traffic flow. The proposed new method of forecasting congestion in traffic flow uses Wigner-Ville frequency distribution. This method enables the display of a chaotic attractor without the use of reconstruction phase space.
The Ndc80 complex bridges two Dam1 complex rings
Authors: Kim Jae ook , Zelter Alex , Umbreit Neil T , Bollozos Athena , Riffle Michael , Johnson Richard , MacCoss Michael J , Asbury Charles L , Davis Trisha N
Published: February 2017

Strong kinetochore-microtubule attachments are essential for faithful segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. The Dam1 and Ndc80 complexes are the main microtubule binding components of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochore. Cooperation between these two complexes enhances kinetochore-microtubule coupling and is regulated by Aurora B kinase. We show that the Ndc80 complex can simultaneously bind and bridge across two Dam1 complex rings through a tripartite interaction, each component of which is regulated by Aurora B kinase. Mutations in any one of the Ndc80p interaction regions abrogates the Ndc80 complex’s ability to bind two Dam1 rings in vitro, and results in kinetochore biorientation and microtubule attachment defects in vivo. We also show that an extra-long Ndc80 complex, engineered to space the two Dam1 rings further apart, does not support growth. Taken together, our work suggests that each kinetochore in vivo contains two Dam1 rings and that proper spacing between the rings is vital.
A Study of Lumbar Disc Herniation and Facet Joint Asymmetry
Authors: Lai Qi , Liu Yuan , Guo Runsheng , Lv Xin , Wang Qiang , Zhu Jianghao , Zhang Bin , Dai Min
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

To investigate the association of facet joint asymmetry with lumbar disc herniation at the lower lumbar spine.

Methods:

A total of 90 patients (ages 18–40 years) with single-level disc herniation (L3–L4, L4–L5, or L5–S1) were included in the study. Facet asymmetry was defined as a difference of 10° in facet joint angles between right and left sides. Normal discs in the same segment of other individuals were used as a control. Patients had facet asymmetry measured for L3 to S1 through 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging, and information was collected, including age, sex, degenerative degree of lumbar facet joints, and the presence or absence of lumbar disc herniation and type.

Results:

At the L3 to L4 level, 2 cases had facet asymmetry in 8 patients with lumbar disc herniation, compared with 17 cases of facet asymmetry in 82 patients without disc herniation (P = 0.7776, r = 0.030). At the L4 to L5 level, there were 21 cases of facet asymmetry in 45 patients with lumbar disc herniation, compared with 5 cases of asymmetry in 45 patients without disc herniation (P = 0.00019, r = 0.392). At the L5 to S1 level, there were 25 cases of facet asymmetry in 37 patients with lumbar disc herniation, compared with 11 cases of facet asymmetry in 53 patients without disc herniation (P = 0.0000, r = 0.492). There were 23 cases of facet asymmetry in 28 disc herniations of side type compared with 2 cases of facet asymmetry in 9 herniations of center type (P = 0.0008, r = 0.364). There was no significant difference in the relationship between age, facet joint degeneration, and lumbar facet joint asymmetry (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Facet asymmetry is significantly associated with lumbar disc herniation at the L4 to L5 and the L5 to S1 levels, whereas there is an obvious association with the side type of lumbar disc herniation at the L5 to S1 level.
Preparation and Characterization of Sugar Based Catalyst on Various Supports
Authors: Janaun Jidon Adrian , Mey Tan Jaik , Bono Awang , Krishnaiah Duduku
Published: February 2017

A novel structured carbon-based acid catalyst was prepared by depositing the carbon precursor onto glass, ceramic and aluminum supports via dip-coating method, followed by carbonization process for converting the d-glucose layer into black carbon char in an inert nitrogen environment at 400 °C. Then, the –SO3H group was introduced into the framework of the carbon char by multiple vapor phase sulfonation. Four different carbonization methods were carried out (dry pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization with or without pressurized) in the catalyst preparation while among the carbonization methods, the samples which prepared from dry pyrolysis without pressurized process showed the strong acidity due to highest adsorption of acid group in the catalyst surface although the catalyst attached onto the support was the least compared to other preparation methods. Among the catalysts, the sulfonated carbon-base catalyst that is attached on the ceramic support exhibited the highest aci-dity (1.327 mmol/g) followed by the catalyst deposited on the glass (0.917 mmol/g) and aluminum (0.321 mmol/g) supports. The porous structure of ceramic surface, allowed a better interaction between reactants and –SO3H site in the carbon. Through the FT-IR analysis, it was observed that the functional groups –COOH, –OH, and –SO3H were present in the active sites of the catalysts. The surface areas of  glass (Si–SC), ceramic (Ce–SC) and aluminum (Al–SC) catalysts were larger than 1 m2/g, whereas the pore size belongs to macroporous as the average pore size is more than 50 nm. It is also stable within the temperature of 400 °C as there was less than 10% weight loss revealed from the TGA analysis.
Evaluation of Novel Integrated Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma as Ozone Generator
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Susan Ade Ika , Muhlisin Zaenul , Arianto Fajar , Kinandana Andi Wibowo , Nurhasanah Iis , Sumariyah Sumariyah , Wibawa Pratama Jujur , Gunawan Gunawan , Usman Anwar
Published: February 2017

This paper presents a characterization of an integrated ozone generator constructed by seven of reactors of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma (DBDP). DBDP a has spiral-cylindrical configuration. Silence plasma produced ozone inside the DBDP reactor was generated by AC-HV with voltage up to 25 kV and maximum frequency of 23 kHz. As a source of ozone, dry air was pumped into the generator and controlled by valves system and a flowmeter. We found ozone concentration increased with the applied voltage, but in contrary, the concentration decreased with the flow rate of dry air. It was also found that a maximum concentration was 20 mg/L and ozone capacity of 48 g/h with an input power of 1.4 kW. Moreover, in this generator, IP efficiency of 8.13 g/kWh was obtained at input power 0.45 kW and air flow rate of 9 L/min. Therefore, be the higher ozone capacity can be produced with higher input power; however, it provided lower IP efficiency. The effect of dry air flow rate and applied voltage on ozone concentrations have been studied. At last, spiral wire copper was very corrosive done to the interaction with ozone, and it is necessary to do a research for finding the best metals as an active electrode inside of the quartz dielectric.
[RETRACTED] Simultaneous Elimination of Soot and NOX through Silver-Barium Based Catalytic Materials
Authors: Dhal Ganesh Chandra , Dey Subhashish , Prasad Ram , Mohan Devendra
Published: February 2017

This article was retracted due to the following reasons. Retraction note here: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.1202.App.7 RETRACTION TO:Dhal, G.C., Dey, S., Prasad, R., Mohan, D. (2017). Simultaneous Elimination of Soot and NOX through Silver-Barium Based Catalytic Materials. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (1): 71-80 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.1.647.71-80)This article has been retracted by Publisher based on the following reason:Letter to Editor from Prof. James J. Spivey (Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University) who reported that a comparison of this paper with a previously paper published in Catalysis Today (258 (2015) 405-415, doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2015.02.024) shows significant duplication according to analysis by iThenticate shows 73% similarity, which is far more than acceptable. The authors have plagiarized part of the paper that had already published in [Catalysis Today (258 (2015) 405-415, doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2015.02.024)]. Based on clarification via email, Authors of the above paper have admitted their plagiarism to the previously published paper by Catalysis Today.Editor of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis acknowledged Prof. James J. Spivey due to the valuable Letter to Editor.One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication in this journal is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
Variability of Data in High Throughput Experimentation for Catalyst Studies in Fuel Processing
Authors: Luchters Niels T.J. , Fletcher J. V. , Roberts S. J. , Fletcher J. C. Q.
Published: February 2017

The use of high throughout and combinatorial experimentation is becoming commonplace in catalytic research. The benefits of parallel experiments are not only limited to reducing the time-to-market, but also give an opportunity to study processes in more depth, by generating more data. To investigate the complete parameter space, multiple experiments must be performed and the variability between these experiments must be quantifiable. In this project, the reproducibility and variance in high throughput catalyst preparation and parallel testing were determined. High-performance equipment was used in a catalyst development program for fuel processing, the production of fuel cell-grade hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels. Four studies, involving water-gas shift conversion and high-temperature steam methane reforming, were performed to determine the reproducibility of the workflow from automated catalyst preparation to parallel activity testing. Statistical analyses showed the standard deviation in catalytic activities as determined by conversion, to be less than 6% of the average value.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Catalytic Activity of A Cu(II) Coordination Polymer Constructed from 1,4-Phenylenediacetic Acid and 2,2’-Bipyridine
Authors: Li-Hua Wang , Lei Liang , Xin Wang
Published: February 2017

In order to study the catalytic activity of Cu(II) coordination polymer material, a novel 1D chained Cu(II) coordination polymer material, [CuL(bipy)(H2O)5]n (A1) (H2L = 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid, bipy = 2,2’-bipyridine), has been prepared by the reaction of 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid, 2,2’-bipyridine, Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O and NaOH. The composition of A1 was determined by elemental analysis, IR spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results of characterization show that each Cu(II) atom adopts six-coordination and forms a distorted octahedral configuration. The catalytic activity and reusability of A1 catalyst for A3 coupling reaction of benzaldehyde, piperidine, and phenylacetylene have been investigated. And the results show that the Cu(II) complex catalyst has good catalytic activity with a maximum yield of 54.3% and stability.
Synthesis and Characterization of Pure and Nano-Ag Impregnated Chitosan Beads and Determination of Catalytic Activities of Nano-Ag
Authors: Ahmad Zahoor , Maqsood Maryam , Mehmood Mazher , Ahmad Mirza Jameel , Choudhary Muhammad Aziz
Published: February 2017

The synthesis of nano-Ag impregnated porous Chitosan beads, in crosslinked and uncrosslinked forms, was aimed to investigate their catalytic potential in reducing nitro group into amino by NaBH4. The material was found unique concerning the synthesis of well-defined Ag NPs and subsequently adsorbing them on its surface. The crosslinked and uncrosslinked chitosan beads were separately analyzed for the loading of Ag and its effect over the microstructures of the substrate. BET was used to explore the porous nature and pore size distributions of beads. At each stage, SEM coupled with EDX, FT-IR, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) were employed to characterize the material. The catalytic activities of nano-Ag in crosslinked and uncrosslinked beads were determined by the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) into 4-aminophenol (4-AP) by NaBH4; which is least effective for such reduction. The catalytic activities were monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results demonstrated the nano-Ag as a reliable and active catalyst which made NaBH4 quite capable for the nitro reduction. Moreover, the catalytic activities of crosslinked chitosan substrate were found more reproducible as compared to the uncrosslinked substrate.
Author Guidelines (2017)
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: February 2017

Author Guidelines (2017)
Energy flux in 2‐D MHD waveguide in the outer magnetosphere
Authors: Mazur V. A. , Chuiko D. A.
Published: February 2017

The problems of large‐scale wave propagation and amplification in the outer magnetosphere are considered. Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) instability growth rate of the magnetospheric waveguide eigenmodes is investigated as a function of a coordinate along the magnetopause. The problem of solar wind MHD wave penetration into the waveguide is investigated for a broad range near Pc3 and Pc5 geomagnetic pulsation frequencies and realistic models of the magnetospheric waveguide. The expression for the waveguide eigenmode energy flux is obtained. This expression includes the effects of external wave penetration and mode amplification due to the KH instability, as well as losses due to dissipation in the vicinity of the Alfven resonance which are incorporated into the growth rate coefficient together with the instability.
Traveling ionospheric disturbances over the United States induced by gravity waves from the 2011 Tohoku tsunami and comparison with gravity wave dissipative theory
Authors: Azeem Irfan , Vadas Sharon L. , Crowley Geoff , Makela Jonathan J.
Published: February 2017

The 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated a massive tsunami off the Pacific coast of Japan, which launched intense atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) in the atmosphere. Within the context of this study, the Tohoku tsunami event was unique in the sense that it enabled a rare, controlled experiment for investigating how AGWs are launched, propagate, and dissipate in relation to tsunamis. This tsunami was a long‐lived, rapidly traveling source of a rich spectra of AGWs excited just above the ocean‐atmosphere interface. In this paper we use GPS total electron content (TEC) data from the United States (U.S.) to look for these AGWs in the ionosphere via their signatures as traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). We find a spectrum of TIDs in the TEC data propagating in the direction of the tsunami that last for several hours over the West Coast of the U.S. and as far inland as western Colorado. The observed TIDs have periods that range from 14 to 30 min, horizontal wavelengths that range from 150 and 400 km, and horizontal phase speeds that range from 180 to 260 m/s. We use reverse ray tracing to show that the Tohoku tsunami was likely the source of these TIDs. Using the networks of GPS receivers in the U.S., we map the tsunami‐launched TIDs over the western U.S. and investigate the spectrum of gravity waves enabling an enhanced understanding/verification of the properties of AGWs as a function of the launch angle.
Seasonal dependence of northern high‐latitude upper thermospheric winds: A quiet time climatological study based on ground‐based and space‐based measurements
Authors: Dhadly Manbharat , Emmert John , Drob Douglas , Conde Mark , Doornbos Eelco , Shepherd Gordon , Makela Jonathan , Wu Qian , Niciejewski Rick , Ridley Aaron
Published: February 2017

This paper investigates the large‐scale seasonal dependence of geomagnetically quiet time, northern high‐latitude F region thermospheric winds by combining extensive observations from eight ground‐based (optical remote sensing) and three space‐based (optical remote sensing and in situ) instruments. To provide a comprehensive picture of the wind morphology, data are assimilated into a seasonal empirical vector wind model as a function of season, latitude, and local time in magnetic coordinates. The model accurately represents the behavior of the constituent data sets. There is good general agreement among the various data sets, but there are some major offsets between GOCE and the other data sets, especially on the duskside. The assimilated wind patterns exhibit a strong and large duskside anticyclonic circulation cell, sharp latitudinal gradients in the duskside auroral zone, strong antisunward winds in the polar cap, and a weaker tendency toward a dawnside cyclonic circulation cell. The high‐latitude wind system shows a progressive intensification of wind patterns from winter to equinox to summer. The latitudinal extent of the duskside circulation cell does not depend strongly on season. Zonal winds show a mainly diurnal variation (two extrema) around polar and middle latitudes and semidiurnal variation (four extrema) at auroral latitudes; meridional winds are primarily diurnal at all high latitudes. The strength of zonal winds channeling through the auroral zone on the duskside is strongest in the summer season. The vorticity of the wind pattern increases from winter to summer, whereas divergence is maximum in equinox. In all three seasons, divergence is weaker than vorticity.
Frictional stability‐permeability relationships for fractures in shales
Authors: Fang Yi , Elsworth Derek , Wang Chaoyi , Ishibashi Takuya , Fitts Jeffrey P.
Published: February 2017

There is wide concern that fluid injection in the subsurface, such as for the stimulation of shale reservoirs or for geological CO2 sequestration (GCS), has the potential to induce seismicity that may change reservoir permeability due to fault slip. However, the impact of induced seismicity on fracture permeability evolution remains unclear due to the spectrum of modes of fault reactivation (e.g., stable versus unstable). As seismicity is controlled by the frictional response of fractures, we explore friction‐stability‐permeability relationships through the concurrent measurement of frictional and hydraulic properties of artificial fractures in Green River shale (GRS) and Opalinus shale (OPS). We observe that carbonate‐rich GRS shows higher frictional strength but weak neutral frictional stability. The GRS fracture permeability declines during shearing while an increased sliding velocity reduces the rate of permeability decline. By comparison, the phyllosilicate‐rich OPS has lower friction and strong stability while the fracture permeability is reduced due to the swelling behavior that dominates over the shearing induced permeability reduction. Hence, we conclude that the friction‐stability‐permeability relationship of a fracture is largely controlled by mineral composition and that shale mineral compositions with strong frictional stability may be particularly subject to permanent permeability reduction during fluid infiltration.
Passive acoustic monitoring of bed load discharge in a large gravel bed river
Authors: Geay T. , Belleudy P. , Gervaise C. , Habersack H. , Aigner J. , Kreisler A. , Seitz H. , Laronne J. B.
Published: February 2017

Surrogate technologies to monitor bed load discharge have been developed to supplement and ultimately take over traditional direct methods. Our research deals with passive acoustic monitoring of bed load flux using a hydrophone continuously deployed near a river bed. This passive acoustic technology senses any acoustic waves propagated in the river environment and particularly the sound due to interparticle collisions emitted during bed load movement. A data set has been acquired in the large Alpine gravel‐bedded Drau River. Analysis of the short‐term frequency response of acoustic signals allows us to determine the origin of recorded noises and to consider their frequency variations. Results are compared with ancillary field data of water depth and bed load transport inferred from the signals of a geophone array. Hydrophone and geophone signals are well correlated. Thanks to the large network of deployed geophones, analysis of the spatial resolution of hydrophone measurements shows that the sensor is sensitive to bed load motion not only locally but over distances of 5–10 m (10–20% of river width). Our results are promising in terms of the potential use of hydrophones for monitoring bed load transport in large gravel bed rivers: acoustic signals represent a large river bed area, rather than being local; hydrophones can be installed in large floods; they can be deployed at a low cost and provide continuous monitoring at high temporal resolution.
Precipitation and Hardness of Carbonitrides in a CrMnFeCoNi High Entropy Alloy
Authors: Laurent‐Brocq Mathilde , Sauvage Xavier , Akhatova Alfiya , Perrière Loïc , Leroy Eric , Champion Yannick
Published: February 2017

In order to explore precipitation hardening, carbonitrides precipitates are formed within a CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy (HEA). The matrix and the precipitates are independently characterized by electron probe microanalysis, atom probe tomography, transmission electron microscopy, and nanoindentation. The matrix is a face‐centered cubic multi‐component non‐equimolar solid‐solution, that is, Cr depleted, which is stable and interestingly as hard as its equimolar counterpart. The precipitates are stable chromium carbonitrides with a micron‐scale platelets morphology. They exhibit a hexagonal structure, are semi‐coherent with the matrixm and are harder than the matrix.