bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El alumnado del Grado de Educación ante las tareas universitarias: emoción y cognición
Authors: Larruzea-Urkixo Nerea , Cardeñoso Maria Olga , Idoiaga Mondragon Nahia
Published: October 2019

Las emociones juegan un papel fundamental en los contextos de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, el estudio de las mismas no responde al abanico de situaciones que el alumnado afronta en la universidad, ni profundiza en el componente subjetivo/cognitivo de la emoción en dicho contexto, a pesar de su reconocida importancia. Por ello, este estudio pretende ahondar en la comprensión de las emociones experimentadas por el alumnado ante las situaciones universitarias autopercibidas como significativas, así como en el autodiálogo ligado a dichas emociones. Se analizaron 410 situaciones junto a las emociones y los pensamientos asociados que fueron identificados por 141 estudiantes (102 mujeres y 39 hombres) del Grado en Educación Primaria. El análisis lexical se llevó a cabo a través del método Reinert que fue complementado a través de un Análisis Factorial de Correspondencia, ambos realizados a través del software Iramuteq. Los resultados revelaron que las emociones más significativas para el alumnado fueron la ansiedad ante presentaciones orales, la ira principalmente ante tareas grupales y la alegría al obtener buenos resultados tras esforzarse. Esta investigación, pone de relieve la necesidad de reconsiderar varios aspectos metodológicos del Grado en Educación Primaria, así como la importancia de incluir la inteligencia emocional en dicha titulación.
Estructura de las competencias del siglo XXI en alumnado del ámbito educativo. Factores personales influyentes
Authors: Almerich Gonzalo , Suárez-Rodríguez Jesús , Díaz-García Isabel , Orellana Natividad
Published: October 2019

El avance continuo de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) en la actual Sociedad del Conocimiento ha supuesto la demanda de formación en nuevas competencias, denominadas competencias del siglo XXI. Estas se componen de competencias de alta habilidad (capacidades de pensamiento superior y competencias de trabajo en equipo) y competencias en TIC (tecnológicas, pedagógicas y éticas). El objetivo de este trabajo es la validación de un modelo de relación explicativa de las competencias en TIC respecto a las competencias de alta habilidad en el alumnado universitario perteneciente a titulaciones del ámbito educativo, considerando factores personales influyentes. Para ello, se ha utilizado un diseño correlacional, de tipo transversal y explicativo. La muestra la forman 485 estudiantes de Pedagogía y Educación Social de la Universidad de Valencia, seleccionados mediante un muestreo de conveniencia, recogiendo la información mediante dos cuestionarios. El análisis de datos realizado se orienta a la modelización de las competencias en TIC, las competencias de alta habilidad y los factores relacionados mediante ecuaciones estructurales, utilizando un modelo de Múltiples Indicadores y Múltiples Causas (MIMIC). Los resultados del estudio han permitido establecer que las competencias pedagógicas en TIC del alumnado se relacionan con las competencias de trabajo en equipo, y estas últimas con las capacidades de pensamiento superior. Asimismo, se ha encontrado en las competencias en TIC que las competencias éticas influyen sobre las tecnológicas, y estas dos sobre las competencias pedagógicas. Además, el género y la frecuencia de uso de dispositivos tecnológicos, tanto para el plano personal como personal-académico, inciden sobre dicha estructura y esencialmente sobre las competencias en TIC. El modelo planteado muestra la complejidad de las competencias del siglo XXI en el alumnado universitario. Este modelo contribuye a atender la necesidad de revisión de la formación en competencias transversales del alumnado universitario.
Factores y elementos de calidad percibidos por el profesorado participante en el plan de acción tutorial de universidades europeas
Authors: Martín Romera Ana , Berrios Aguayo Beatriz , Pantoja Vallejo Antonio
Published: October 2019

Las investigaciones centradas en el análisis del Plan de Acción Tutorial (PAT) de las diferentes universidades europeas prestan atención a la mejora del servicio de orientación ofrecido por los centros de Educación Superior. Este estudio tiene como objetivo detectar los factores y elementos que determinan una tutorización de calidad percibidos por el profesorado de universidades europeas. La investigación se enmarca dentro del Proyecto de Excelencia I+D Timonel[1] para la elaboración de un sistema de recomendación basado en necesidades de orientación y tutoría de alumnado y egresados. Un total de 48 profesores de la Universidad de Jaén (España), la Universidad de Granada (España), el Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (Portugal) y la Queen Mary University of London (Reino Unido) participaron en grupos nominales y técnicas DAFO. Los resultados se mostraron en referencia a tres grandes dimensiones recogidas en el proyecto y definidas como principales tendencias de acción tutorial: Académica, Personal y Profesional, añadiendo una cuarta dimensión transversal detectada por los participantes en el análisis de los datos. Los participantes revelan cómo la formación del profesorado en términos de orientación, los conocimientos y experiencia de estos así como la implicación y compromiso tanto del tutor como del alumnado en la acción tutorial son algunos de los factores y elementos que determinan una tutorización de calidad. A pesar de las investigaciones y de las experiencias desarrolladas, muchos son los esfuerzos que deben realizarse para que la acción tutorial en universidades europeas adquiera la excelencia que requiere.[1] Proyecto I+D de Excelencia aprobado en la convocatoria de 2016 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España (Ref. EDU2016-75892-P). Participan las universidades de Jaén y Granada (España), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (Portugal) y Queen Mary University of London (Reino Unido). [1] Proyecto I+D de Excelencia aprobado en la convocatoria de 2016 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España (Ref. EDU2016-75892-P). Participan las universidades de Jaén y Granada (España), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (Portugal) y Queen Mary University of London (Reino Unido).
Fontes fosfatadas e micronutrientes são relevantes na cultura do milho
Authors: Nascimento Kalyne Pereira Miranda , Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Alves Kira Figueredo , Barbosa Mateus Ferreira , Viana Thiago Costa , Jesus Andreza Mayra Baena Souza de , Lima Larissa Matos , Oliveira Carlos Acassio Gomes de
Published: October 2019

A utilização eficiente dos fertilizantes fosfatados promove a adoção de boas práticas de manejo do solo, as quais afetam diretamente a disponibilidade de fósforo (P) e seu uso pelas culturas. Assim como o grau de importância deste nutriente, o emprego dos micronutrientes proporcionam benefícios às plantas, pouco notados em aumento de produtividade, porém, no vigor, na tolerância às doenças e pragas e na qualidade da produção quando colhida. Dessa forma, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento inicial de plantas de milho, submetidas a aplicação fontes fosfatadas e micronutrientes em um Latossolo Amarelo, no município de Belém/PA. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), no Munícipio de Belém/PA. Foi constituído de cinco tratamentos: tratamento controle (apenas solo); aplicação de Superfosfato simples + micronutrientes; aplicação de Fosfato natural reativo de Arad + micronutrientes; aplicação de Superfosfato simples (isoladamente) e Fosfato natural reativo de Arad (isoladamente). Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições. Foram avaliados a altura da planta, diâmetro do colmo, número de folhas, massa fresca da parte aérea, massa fresca da raiz, massa fresca total, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca total e relação parte área raiz da massa fresca e seca. A altura das plantas de milho foi maior para os tratamentos com utilização Superfosfato simples, aliados ou não aos micronutrientes. Assim como para altura da planta, o diâmetro do colmo, número de folhas, massa fresca da parte aérea, massa fresca da raiz, massa fresca total e relação parte área raiz da massa fresca, os melhores resultados foram os tratamentos com a aplicação de Superfosfato simples + micronutrientes e aplicação de Superfosfato simples (isoladamente). Para massa seca da parte aérea e relação parte aérea/raiz da massa seca, o uso do Superfosfato simples aliados aos micronutrientes apresentou melhor desempenho. O tratamento contendo apenas o Fosfato natural reativo de Arad (isoladamente), proporcionou melhor influência para produção de MSR. Na variável massa seca total, o uso do Superfosfato simples sem o emprego dos micronutrientes alcançou a melhor média. As fontes fosfatadas, Superfosfato simples e Fosfato natural reativo de Arad, com adição dos micronutrientes, beneficiam grandemente o desenvolvimento da cultura do milho. O Superfosfato simples, com e sem aplicação dos micronutrientes, apresentam melhor eficiência para maioria dos parâmetros fitométricos nas plantas de milho, exceção à massa seca da raiz.
José María Merino: teoría y práctica del microrrelato
Authors: Basanta Ángel
Published: October 2019

El microrrelato ha alcanzado un extraordinario auge en las últimas décadas. Se define por su acusada brevedad y su intensa narratividad, su extrema concentración y economía expresiva sustentadas en la elipsis y el arte de sugerir. Aunque ha habido microrrelatos desde las primeras manifestaciones de la literatura, este cuarto género narrativo nace como tal a partir del Romanticismo y, sobre todo, en el modernismo, alcanza su pleno desarrollo a lo largo del siglo XX, a partir de J. R. Jiménez y R. Gómez de la serna, en españa, y, más aún, en Hispanoamérica, con maestros como Borges, A. monterroso y J. Cortázar; y se consolida como el cuarto género narrativo a finales del XX y comienzos del XXI. José Mª merino es uno de los escritores españoles que más y mejor ha contribuido a la construcción de la teoría del microrrelato y está considerado como uno de los maestros indiscutibles en la creación de minificciones representativas de esta modalidad narrativa. Reunió sus microrrelatos por primera vez en La glorieta de los fugitivos. Minificción completa (2007). A ellos hay que añadir los intercalados después entre los cuentos de El libro de las horas contadas (2011) y los agrupados en la tercera parte de La trama oculta (cuentos de los dos lados con una silva mínima) (2014).

The short short-story is flourishing in recent decades. It is defined by its acute brevity and its intense narrativity, its concentrated form and expressive economy underpinned by its elliptical and suggestive nature. Although there have been instances of short short-stories since the beginnings of the literary form, this narrative genre begins to take shapre in the Romantic and modernist periods, and develops fully in the twentieth century, in the writings of J. R. Jiménez and R. Gómez de la serna in spain and, in latin America, in those of Borges, A. monterroso y J. Cortázar. It becomes consolidated as the fourth narrative genre at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries. José María Merino is one of the spanish writers who has done most to contribute to the development of the theory of the short short-story and is widely considered one of the best creators of the mini-fictions representative of this narrative mode. His first collection of short short-stories is La glorieta de los fugitivos. Minificción completa (2007), to which he has since added others to be found amongst the short stories of El libro de las horas contadas (2011) and those grouped in the third part of La trama oculta (cuentos de los dos lados con una silva mínima) (2014).
Las mujeres de Arturo Pérez-Reverte
Authors: GrohmAnn Alexis
Published: October 2019

Los personajes femeninos en la literatura de Arturo Pérez-Reverte han suscitado poco interés académico. el presente estudio busca paliar esta carencia. Se analiza la figura de la mujer en la literatura revertiana en conjunto y de forma particular, a través de una selección representativa de personajes femeninos significativos y sus características principales mediante su aparición cronológica, haciendo especial hincapié en las novelas de la primera etapa novelística del autor, hasta El pintor de batallas. Así se observará cuán formidables son las mujeres en la literatura revertiana y lo superior al hombre que es la mujer en la cosmovisión revertiana en conjunto.

Arturo Pérez-Reverte’s female characters have attracted scant scholarly attention. this article attempts to address this shortcoming by analysing female figures in Pérez-Reverte’s literature as a whole and also through a selection of significant female literary characters in chronological order of their appearance, with a special focus on the novels of the author’s first period, which comes to an end with El pintor de batallas. What emerges is that female characters are formidable beings in Pérez-Reverte’s literature and that the female gender as a whole is superior to man in his worldview.
DESIGN OF A SUSTAINABLE STREETLAMP UNDER HOLONIC PARADIGM
Authors: AVILA GUTIERREZ MARIA JESUS , LAMA RUIZ JUAN RAMON , AGUAYO GONZALEZ FRANCISCO
Published: October 2019

The main purpose of this work is the application of a new design methodology for sustainable products. Among the existing options, street furniture has been chosen to validate the methodology developed in this work. For this, a practical manual will be developed to detail and structure the necessary steps for Sustainable Urban Furniture design under the Holonic paradigm and its corresponding application to a case of park and garden lighting. This work aims to be a useful tool for product design engineers who wish to make sustainable innovative products. This lighting system must allow a correct aesthetic and visual framework with the area where it is to be installed. In this case, the place selected to integrate the lighting device will be a park. As a final result we will obtain the design of a streetlamp, combined with the most modern technologies and manufactured with the minimum costs and the greatest simplicity. At the same time, it must have an attractive design and comply with all its functional requirements, as well as compliance with the standards and regulations applied to this type of facilities.
Postdigital Research
Authors: Andersen Christian Ulrik , Cox Geoff , Papadopoulos Georgios
Published: October 2019

"Post-digital, once understood as a critical reflection of “digital” aesthetic immaterialism, now describes the messy and paradoxical condition of art and media after digital technology revolutions. “Post-digital” neither recognizes the distinction between “old” and “new” media, nor ideological affirmation of the one or the other. It merges “old” and “new”, often applying network cultural experimentation to analog technologies which it re-investigates and re-uses. It tends to focus on the experiential rather than the conceptual. It looks for DIY agency outside totalitarian innovation ideology, and for networking off big data capitalism. At the same time, it already has become commercialized."
What Is ‘Post-Digital’?
Authors: Cramer Florian
Published: October 2019

This article discusses the postdigital as a term that can be used to describe either a contemporary disenchantment with digital information systems and media gadgets, or a period in which our fascination with these systems and gadgets has become historical. After Edward Snowden’s disclosures of the NSA’s all-pervasive digital surveillance systems, this disenchantment has quickly grown from a niche ‘hipster’ phenomenon to a mainstream position — one which is likely to have a serious impact on all cultural and business practices based on networked electronic devices and Internet services.
Dusk to Dawn: Horizons of the Digital/Post-Digital
Authors: Snodgrass Eric
Published: October 2019

As digitally inflected practices and technology become further diffused and hybridised, there is a way in which it does become, in some senses, increasingly difficult to isolate or differentiate between digital and non-digital. Indeed, this paper will posit the contemporary situation as a kind of tipping point moment for the digital as a concept, one that, as a result of its many overlapping, oversaturated and seemingly ubiquitous modes of manifestation in the world, opens up a perceived need for a renewed engagement with the question of what the digital entails and for which a wedge term like postdigital might provide one such contextualising tool. In this vein, one might question why the digital is blue?
On Remembering a Post-Digital Future
Authors: Charlton James
Published: October 2019

We have always been post-digital or at least I cannot recall a time when art wasn’t?  To claim this is surely ridiculous, as the post condition demands the prior instantiation of a digital state that purportedly did not begin until the mid 1970s. Yet if, for a moment, we entertain the idea that art has always been post-digital, in what way might this make sense? How might this enable a re-reading of pre-digital practices and inform our understanding of future post-digital practice?
Plan Bienen
Authors: Zettel Tessa , Sivanesan Sumugan
Published: October 2019

This text circulates in and around a series of honey trades, conducted by the authors as a form of artistic research outside (or in excess of) academic structures. They took place over a summer in residence at Berlin’s ZK/U – Zentrum für Kunst und Urbanistik, alongside performance-lectures, publications, discursive brunches, focus groups, a durational high frequency stock exchange and various other relational exercises; one part of an ongoing project investigating real and speculative relationships between parallel crises in bee ecologies and economic systems.
Machine Listening
Authors: House Brian
Published: October 2019

Beyond the sub-field of computer science concerned with the extraction of meaningful information from audio data, that term "machine listening" invokes the knotty questions of what it is to listen, what (if anything) separates listening by machines and by humans, and how listening is entangled with the materiality of the voice. The timely emergence of WaveNet is provocative regarding each of these—it is, perhaps more than anything else, a listening machine. Furthermore, it reveals the limits of a media materialist approach to sonicity, as exemplified by Wolfgang Ernst, when it comes to media that are artificially intelligent. As a corrective, I propose Henri Lefebvre’s “rhythmanalysis,” a theory of the everyday which helps to take into account the ambiguities of WaveNet.
Seeding and Seeing
Authors: Gil-Fournier Abelardo
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the coupled performance of both visual apparatus and infrastructures on the ground will be considered from what Eva Horn has called a ‘medial a priori’: the “assemblages or constellations of certain technologies, fields of knowledge, and social institutions” (Horn 8) that become the conditions of possibility of processes, transformations or events. A medial a priori consisting of “discourse networks, cultural techniques and formations of knowledge” (Siegert The map is the territory 15) that, in the broadest sense, goes even beyond the technical assemblages, to deal with the flows of energy and matter that give rise to them. In this vein, the interweaving of operations of light that gives rise to the seeded and the seen steps into what Jussi Parikka has framed as an alternative deep time of media, where “any consideration of media should start not from media but outside it” (Earth Volumes 124).
Unpacking Online Streams
Authors: Eriksson Maria
Published: October 2019

Streaming services have often been associated with smoothness and steady supply. Drawing on metaphors of aquatic flows and currents, streaming evokes an imagery of data as a peaceful and precious natural resource. Yet below the seemingly calm interfaces of platforms, complex data arrangements reside—data arrangements that absorb users into circuits of capital and link together data infrastructures across vast geographic distances.This article reflects on the visible and invisible layers of data traffic that permeate streamed music distribution on Spotify. Drawing from studies of media infrastructures, it explores the kinds of data transmissions that a single play on Spotify can trigger. In doing so, it seeks to highlight the infrastructures that undergrid processes of mediation. A focus on data infrastructures—that is, digital environments that are built to handle data logistics — involves a move away from studying content and towards investigations of materiality, distribution and territoriality. How might we begin unpack and intervene in Spotify’s streamed data infrastructure? By what means can the nature of streamed network transmissions be explored?
Artists in The Creative Economy
Authors: Wong Ashley Lee
Published: October 2019

Today the algorithmic moves off the white- board and into the world, producing subjectivities, articulating relationships, and shaping behaviours. Yet to obtain its objectives, the algorithmic must draw upon bodies, flows, and materials — matter which is contentious and agents which have their own intentionalities. Efficacy cannot simply be assumed, but must be incessantly negotiated via a set of procedures. What are the operations needed to incorporate subjects and spaces into regimes of algorithmic coordination? By examining the ride-sharing platform Uber as a case-study, three operations are identified as critical: encapsulation, enlistment and enchantment. When these operations are incomplete, algorithmic traction on a subject slips away, producing an array of undesired and unanticipated effects.
Multiplex Antibody Measurement for Post-treatment Follow-up of Staphylococcal Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Diagnostic Pilot Study
Authors: BAUER Thomas , MARMOR Simon , GHOUT Idir , SALOMON Elsa , SAYED Faten EL , HEYM Beate , ROTTMAN Martin , GAILLARD Jean-Louis , ROUX Anne-Laure
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Multiplex-antibody detection has been recently proposed for the noninvasive diagnosis of staphylococcal prosthetic joint infection (PJI). We evaluated this approach for the post-treatment follow-up of patients.Methods: Nineteen cases of staphylococcal PJI were prospectively followed for one year after treatment. The IgG response against eight staphylococcal antigens was measured before surgery and one year post-surgery using Luminex technology (Austin, TX, USA); median fluorescence intensity values determined for each antigen were transformed into a “Total Response Index” (TRI).Results: Patients (11 women/8 men) had a mean (SD) age of 72.2 (12.4) years. Site of prosthesis was the knee (n=10), the hip (n=8) and the shoulder (n=1). Ten patients were infected by S. epidermidis, six by S. aureus, and three by S. lugdunensis. TRI values at one year were significantly lower than pre-surgery values (mean [SD]: 5.9 [1.8] versus 8.1 [3.4], p=0.02) and decreased, on average, by 21.2%. TRI values markedly increased in two patients. One patient had a relapse of S. aureus PJI at five months post-surgery, with a 37% increase of the TRI. The other had septic failure three months after revision for S. lugdunensis PJI; all intraoperative samples remained culture-negative, but the TRI increased by 51% and the antibody profile showed a marked change, suggesting a reinfection with another staphylococcal species.Conclusion: Multiplex-antibody measurement may be useful for the follow-up of staphylococcal PJI and may help to detect septic failure involving organisms targeted by the assay.
Current Insights in the Application of Bone Grafts for Local Antibiotic Delivery in Bone Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Peeters Arne , Putzeys Guy , Thorrez Lieven
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Bone implant related infection is still one of the biggest challenges in bone and joint surgery. Antibiotic impregnated bone grafts seem to be promising in both treatment and prevention of these infections. However, great variance in methodology predominates this field of research. This paper gives an overview of the published literature.Methods: The PRISMA-flowchart was used as protocol for article selection. Medline was searched and articles were selected in accordance with predetermined exclusion criteria.Results: Forty-eight articles were included in the synthesis. Topics including bone graft type, manipulations of the graft, elution profile, bacterial inhibition, osteotoxicity, incorporation, special impregnation methods, clinical use and storage were investigated.Therapeutically, high initial levels seem appropriate for biofilm eradication. A single stage procedure in the treatment of bone implant related infection seems feasible. Prophylactically, the literature indicates a reduction of postoperative infections when using antibiotic impregnated bone grafts.Conclusion: Bone grafts are a suitable carrier for local antibiotic application both therapeutically and prophylactically.
Hip-Hop et pauvreté : entre résistance culturelle et créativité économique
Authors: Atséna Abogo Marie-Thérèse
Published: October 2019

Dans la ville de Québec, la culture hip-hop permet de mettre en lumière les acteurs qui proviennent de milieux défavorisés et de l’immigration. À partir de textes de rap et d’entrevues avec des rappeurs, des entrepreneurs producteurs de hip-hop et leurs proches réalisées dans le cadre d’une recherche ethnographique, j’analyse comment de jeunes immigrants noirs utilisent le hip-hop et l’entrepreneuriat culturel comme une stratégie de contestation et de résistance face à la pauvreté et aux discriminations auxquelles ils sont confrontés. Selon une approche intersectionnelle (Hall,1980a; Crenshaw, 1994; Chauvin et Jaunait, 2015), cette étude met en lumière comment des propriétés originellement marginalisantes (race, lieu de résidence et dispositions sociales) peuvent être converties en des potentiels légitimés.
Perceptions des enseignants et des directions d’école concernant les facteurs qui ont une influence sur le rendement scolaire des élèves
Authors: Basque Marc , Bouchamma Yamina
Published: October 2019

Cette étude vise à identifier les perceptions des enseignants et des directions d’école en ce qui concerne les facteurs qui influencent le rendement scolaire des élèves. La cueillette de données a été réalisée par un questionnaire administré à des enseignants et des directions d’école (N = 116) provenant de l’ensemble des écoles primaires francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick. Les résultats montrent que les enseignants attribuent le rendement scolaire autant à des facteurs externes (liés aux élèves) qu’à des facteurs qui leurs sont internes (liés aux enseignants), et que les directions d’école l’attribuent à des facteurs qui leur sont externes (liés aux enseignants). Globalement, les résultats montrent que les directions d’école et les enseignants accordent une grande importance à la qualité de l’enseignement ainsi qu’à la motivation et l’engagement des élèves.
EXPLORATION DE L’EXPÉRIENCE D’ADULTES VICTIMES D’AGRESSION SEXUELLE QUI ONT REÇU DES SERVICES DANS LES CENTRES DÉSIGNÉS
Authors: Gilbert Audrey , Boulianne-Simard Catherine , Dion1 Jacinthe , Collin-Vézina Delphine , Daigneault Isabelle
Published: October 2019

L’objectif de cette étude vise à explorer l’expérience vécue par des femmes adultes victimes d’agression sexuelle dans les centres désignés. Cette étude a permis de faire ressortir certaines forces et faiblesses du modèle des centres désignés en plus de documenter les besoins les plus fréquents chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que malgré les progrès importants des dernières années dans l’aide apportée aux victimes d’agression sexuelle, il reste encore du travail à accomplir pour offrir à ces dernières des services qui répondent à l’ensemble de leurs besoins.
'Los primeros pensamientos de Copérnico', Kant KrV B xvi
Authors: Serrano Escallón Gonzalo
Published: October 2019

Aprovechando la ocasión de la aparición en español de dos recientes artículos sobre el tema, quisiera discutir el rol que juega el heliocentrismo copernicano como el único referente de la analogía propuesta por Kant, el cual, al sucumbir a la objeción de Alexander / Russell, termina por convertir la propuesta crítica de Kant en su contraria, análoga más bien al geocentrismo. Insistiré, primero, en que el heliocentrismo no es el término de la analogía y, por tanto, la objeción queda desvirtuada; segundo, que un rastreo de los primeros pensamientos de Copérnico en la propia obra del astrónomo nos libera de ese marco de oposición entre geocentrismo y heliocentrismo que ha malogrado la analogía; tercero, que la doctrina copernicana del movimieto de la tierra es el término de comparación comprobable en la enorme fecundidad explicativa que brinda a la propuesta kantiana
Presentación de los editores al número monográfico. La actualidad de la Crítica de la razón pura: Parte Teórica
Authors: Hereza David , Cubo Ugarte Oscar
Published: October 2019

En 1790 Kant anunció que daba por concluida la totalidad de su «empresa crítica» [«Hiermit endige ich also mein ganzes kritisches Geschäft», KU, 170]. A sus lectores le correspondería ahora la tarea de «aportar su parte» en el «sendero» allí trazado –como ya apuntó en 1781– para convertirlo en un «camino real» [«Heeresstraße»] (KrV, 856/884). Más de dos siglos después de aquella declaración, y cerca del tercer centenario del nacimiento de este pensador revolucionario, tal empresa, lejos de su consumación, aún sigue viva y nutriéndose de las aportaciones que surgen en los debates filosóficos de los últimos años. Ya sea como partidario o detractor, ya sea con la pretensión de reformular o superar, no hay duda de que a ningún filósofo le puede resultar indiferente el pensamiento de Kant, como él mismo señalaba respecto de las exigencias de la Razón (KrV, AX). Intentar trazar un mapa de esos debates, de su profundidad y de su concreta imbricación en el presente fue el principal objetivo del IV Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad de Estudios Kantianos en Lengua Española (SEKLE) organizado en Valencia del 15 al 19 de octubre bajo el título “La actualidad de la Crítica de la razón pura”.
Innovation Summit 2019 Europe: geopolítica de la innovación y tecnologías exponenciales
Authors: Cavaller Víctor
Published: October 2019

El pasado 3 de octubre tuvo lugar la Innovation Summit 2019 Europe, organizada por The Economist Events. El evento puso en evidencia cómo la aceleración del progreso tecnológico está imponiendo una creciente necesidad para las empresas de asumir nuevas competencias en materia de gestión de la innovación. En este artículo, revisamos los principales temas que se trataron en el encuentro, en especial el marco geoestratégico en el que la innovación tecnológica está ganando importancia.
Functional connectivity in human auditory networks and the origins of variation in the transmission of musical systems
Authors: Lumaca Massimo , Kleber Boris , Brattico Elvira , Vuust Peter , Baggio Giosue
Published: October 2019

Music producers, whether original composers or performers, vary in their ability to acquire and faithfully transmit music. This form of variation may serve as a mechanism for the emergence of new traits in musical systems. In this study, we aim to investigate whether individual differences in the social learning and transmission of music relate to intrinsic neural dynamics of auditory processing systems. We combined auditory and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an interactive laboratory model of cultural transmission, the signaling game, in an experiment with a large cohort of participants (N=51). We found that the degree of interhemispheric rs-FC within fronto-temporal auditory networks predicts—weeks after scanning—learning, transmission, and structural modification of an artificial tone system. Our study introduces neuroimaging in cultural transmission research and points to specific neural auditory processing mechanisms that constrain and drive variation in the cultural transmission and regularization of musical systems.
Quasi-perfect absorption achieved throughout low frequency range via acoustic meta-surface
Authors: Xu Wenqiang , Yu Dianlong , Wen Jihong
Published: October 2019

In this work, we propose a novel design of acoustic meta-surface with coplanar coiled channels and double apertures. Tunable-broadband (30–300 Hz) and quasi-perfect absorption (>0.9) throughout low frequency range can be realized through active control of the channel length and other structural parameters while the whole structural thickness is only ∼1/170 of the operating wavelength. A heat source is introduced in right position of the channel to extend the direct bandwidth of quasi-perfect absorption (>0.9). By appropriately tuning the channel length, the direct quasi-perfect absorption band (>0.9) can be extended by as large as 3 times. The analytical model and the theoretical simulation results are also shown in this paper. Since our design strategy is indeed active control and the heat source is easily applicable, our realization should have a high impact on low frequency noise elimination.
Tree age did not affect the leaf anatomical structure or ultrastructure of Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)
Authors: Zhou Qianyi , Jiang Zhaohong , Zhang Xin , Lai Qing , Li Yiming , Zhao Fei , Zhao Zhong
Published: October 2019

Tree aging is a new research area and has attracted research interest in recent years. Trees show extraordinary longevity; Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae) has a lifespan of thousands of years. Ancient trees are precious historical heritage and scientific research materials. However, tree aging and tree senescence have different definitions and are poorly understood. Since leaves are the most sensitive organ of a tree, we studied the structural response of leaves to tree age. Experiments investigating the leaf morphological structure, anatomical structure and ultrastructure were conducted in healthy P. orientalis at three different ages (ancient trees >2,000 years, 200 years < middle-aged trees <500 years, young trees <50 years) at the world’s largest planted pure forest in the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, Shaanxi Province, China. Interestingly, tree age did not significantly impact leaf cellular structure. Ancient P. orientalis trees in forests older than 2,000 years still have very strong vitality, and their leaves still maintained a perfect anatomical structure and ultrastructure. Our observations provide new evidence for the unique pattern of tree aging, especially healthy aging. Understanding the relationships between leaf structure and tree age will enhance the understanding of tree aging.
Soil aggregates indirectly influence litter carbon storage and release through soil pH in the highly alkaline soils of north China
Authors: Yang Chao , Li Jingjing , Zhang Yingjun
Published: October 2019

Background

Soil aggregate-size classes, structural units of soil, are the important factors regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover. However, the processes of litter C mineralization and storage in different aggregates-size classes are poorly understood, especially in the highly alkaline soils of north China. Here, we ask how four different aggregate sizes influence rates of C release (Cr) and SOC storage (Cs) in response to three types of plant litter added to an un-grazed natural grassland.

Methods

Highly alkaline soil samples were separated into four dry aggregate classes of different sizes (2–4, 1–2, 0.25–1, and <0.25 mm). Three types of dry dead plant litter (leaf, stem, and all standing dead aboveground litter) of Leymus chinensis were added to each of the four aggregate class samples. Litter mass loss rate, Cr, and Cs were measured periodically during the 56-day incubation.

Results

The results showed that the mass loss in 1–2 mm aggregates was significantly greater than that in other size classes of soil aggregates on both day 28 and day 56. Macro-aggregates (1–2 mm) had the highest Cr of all treatments, whereas 0.25–1 mm aggregates had the lowest. In addition, a significant negative relationship was found between Cs/Cr and soil pH. After incubation for 28 and 56 days, the Cs was also highest in the 1–2 mm aggregates, which implied that the macro-aggregates had not only a higher CO2 release capacity, but also a greater litter C storage capacity than the micro-aggregates in the highly alkaline soils of north China.
T1000: a reduced gene set prioritized for toxicogenomic studies
Authors: Soufan Othman , Ewald Jessica , Viau Charles , Crump Doug , Hecker Markus , Basu Niladri , Xia Jianguo
Published: October 2019

There is growing interest within regulatory agencies and toxicological research communities to develop, test, and apply new approaches, such as toxicogenomics, to more efficiently evaluate chemical hazards. Given the complexity of analyzing thousands of genes simultaneously, there is a need to identify reduced gene sets. Though several gene sets have been defined for toxicological applications, few of these were purposefully derived using toxicogenomics data. Here, we developed and applied a systematic approach to identify 1,000 genes (called Toxicogenomics-1000 or T1000) highly responsive to chemical exposures. First, a co-expression network of 11,210 genes was built by leveraging microarray data from the Open TG-GATEs program. This network was then re-weighted based on prior knowledge of their biological (KEGG, MSigDB) and toxicological (CTD) relevance. Finally, weighted correlation network analysis was applied to identify 258 gene clusters. T1000 was defined by selecting genes from each cluster that were most associated with outcome measures. For model evaluation, we compared the performance of T1000 to that of other gene sets (L1000, S1500, Genes selected by Limma, and random set) using two external datasets based on the rat model. Additionally, a smaller (T384) and a larger version (T1500) of T1000 were used for dose-response modeling to test the effect of gene set size. Our findings demonstrated that the T1000 gene set is predictive of apical outcomes across a range of conditions (e.g., in vitro and in vivo, dose-response, multiple species, tissues, and chemicals), and generally performs as well, or better than other gene sets available.
AVALIAÇÃO NAS FEIRAS DE MATEMÁTICA COMO PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES / EVALUATION IN MATHEMATICS FAIRS AS A PROCESS OF TEACHER FORMATION
Authors: De Oliveira Fátima Peres Zago , Civiero Paula Andrea Grawieski , Guerra Lucas Leite
Published: October 2019

Buscamos investigar as influências que o processo de avaliação das Feiras Catarinenses de Matemática (FM) exerce sobre a formação do docente orientador/avaliador, bem como a concepção de avaliação nas FM desses professores. Conduzimos a experiência com base nos preceitos da pesquisa qualitativa. A coleta de informações ocorreu por meio de análise documental e realização de questionário com 31 professores orientadores/avaliadores das FM. Para análise dos dados consideramos a Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados categorizados em tecnicista e crítico/reflexiva evidenciam que a maior parte dos orientadores/avaliadores apresentam uma epistemologia crítica em relação à avaliação e entendem o processo avaliativo nas FM como formativo e colaborativo e que provoca mudanças na prática pedagógica.
Interaction of adenovirus with antibodies, complement, and coagulation factors
Authors: Allen Rondine J. , Byrnes Andrew P.
Published: October 2019

Adenovirus (AdV) is one of the most widely used vectors for gene therapy and vaccine studies due to its excellent transduction efficiency, capacity for large transgenes, and high levels of gene expression. When administered intravascularly, the fate of AdV vectors is heavily influenced by interactions with host plasma proteins. Some plasma proteins can neutralize AdV, but AdV can also specifically bind plasma proteins that protect against neutralization and preserve activity. This review summarizes the plasma proteins that interact with AdV, including antibodies, complement, and vitamin K‐dependent coagulation factors. We will also review the complex interactions of these plasma proteins with each other and with cellular proteins, as well as strategies for developing better AdV vectors that evade or manipulate plasma proteins.
Lake Erie: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Reutter Jeffrey M.
Published: October 2019

Lake Erie is the southernmost, shallowest, warmest, most nutrient enriched, and biologically the most productive of the Great Lakes. The degradation of the Lake's water quality and the burning of the Cuyahoga River in the 1960s and 1970s made it the poster child for pollution problems in the world and paved the way for the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, the formation of USEPA, NOAA, and Environment and Climate Change Canada, the first Earth Day, and the passage of the Clean Water Act. A long history of overfishing led to the creation of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and its highly successful interagency quota management system. The lake's extreme productivity and poor management allowed the zebra mussel and many other aquatic invasive species to enter and thrive. Good management in the 1970s and 1980s restored water quality and allowed the lake to become the Walleye Capital of the World. Today excessive nutrient loading has returned and many of the problems of the 1970s are back. The challenges are great and the solutions are different, but the lake is resilient and if we have the political resolve, it can be brought back again.
Early clinical experience with varian halcyon V2 linear accelerator: Dual‐isocenter IMRT planning and delivery with portal dosimetry for gynecological cancer treatments
Authors: Kim Hayeon , Huq M. Saiful , Lalonde Ron , Houser Christopher J. , Beriwal Sushil , Heron Dwight E.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Varian Halcyon linear accelerator version 2 (The Halcyon 2.0) was recently released with new upgraded features. The aim of this study was to report our clinical experience with Halcyon 2.0 for a dual‐isocenter intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning and delivery for gynecological cancer patients and examine the feasibility of in vivo portal dosimetry.

Methods

Twelve gynecological cancer patients were treated with extended‐field IMRT technique using two isocenters on Halcyon 2.0 to treat pelvis and pelvic/or para‐aortic nodes region. The prescription dose was 45 Gy in 25 fractions (fxs) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) dose of 55 or 57.5 Gy in 25 fxs to involved nodes. All treatment plans, pretreatment patient‐specific QA and treatment delivery records including daily in vivo portal dosimetry were retrospectively reviewed. For in vivo daily portal dosimetry analysis, each fraction was compared to the reference baseline (1st fraction) using gamma analysis criteria of 4 %/4 mm with 90% of total pixels in the portal image planar dose.

Results

All 12 extended‐field IMRT plans met the planning criteria and delivered as planned (a total of 300 fractions). Conformity Index (CI) for the primary target was achieved with the range of 0.99–1.14. For organs at risks, most were well within the dose volume criteria. Treatment delivery time was from 5.0 to 6.5 min. Interfractional in vivo dose variation exceeded gamma analysis threshold for 8 fractions out of total 300 (2.7%). These eight fractions were found to have a relatively large difference in small bowel filling and SSD change at the isocenter compared to the baseline.

Conclusion

Halcyon 2.0 is effective to create complex extended‐field IMRT plans using two isocenters with efficient delivery. Also Halcyon in vivo dosimetry is feasible for daily treatment monitoring for organ motion, internal or external anatomy, and body weight which could further lead to adaptive radiation therapy.
Lignin as a Wood‐Inspired Binder Enabled Strong, Water Stable, and Biodegradable Paper for Plastic Replacement
Authors: Jiang Bo , Chen Chaoji , Liang Zhiqiang , He Shuaiming , Kuang Yudi , Song Jianwei , Mi Ruiyu , Chen Gegu , Jiao Miaolun , Hu Liangbing
Published: October 2019

Plastic waste has been increasingly transferred from land into the ocean and has accumulated within the food chain, causing a great threat to the environment and human health, indicating that fabricating an eco‐friendly and biodegradable replacement is urgent. Paper made of cellulose is attractive in terms of its favorable biodegradability, resource abundance, large manufacturing scale, and low material cost, but is usually hindered by its inferior stability against water and poor mechanical strength for plastic replacement. Here, inspired by the reinforcement principle of cellulose and lignin in natural wood, a strong and hydrostable cellulosic material is developed by integrating lignin into the cellulose. Lignin as a reinforced matrix is incorporated to the cellulose fiber scaffold by successive infiltration and mechanical hot‐pressing treatments. The resulting lignin‐cellulose composite exhibits an outstanding isotropic tensile strength of 200 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of conventional cellulose paper (40 MPa) and some commercial petroleum‐based plastics. Additionally, the composite demonstrates a superior wet strength of 50 MPa. Adding lignin also improves the thermostability and UV‐blocking performance of cellulose paper. The demonstrated lignin‐cellulose composite is biodegradable and eco‐friendly with both components from natural wood, which represents a promising alternative that can potentially replace the nonbiodegradable plastics.
Organic Haptics: Intersection of Materials Chemistry and Tactile Perception
Authors: Lipomi Darren J. , Dhong Charles , Carpenter Cody W. , Root Nicholas B. , Ramachandran Vilayanur S.
Published: October 2019

The goal of the field of haptics is to create technologies that manipulate the sense of touch. In virtual and augmented reality, haptic devices are for touch what loudspeakers and RGB displays are for hearing and vision. Haptic systems that utilize micromotors or other miniaturized mechanical devices (e.g., for vibration and pneumatic actuation) produce interesting effects, but are quite far from reproducing the feeling of real materials. They are especially deficient in recapitulating surface properties: fine texture, friction, viscoelasticity, tack, and softness. The central argument of this progress report is that in order to reproduce the feel of everyday objects, molecular control must be established over the properties of materials; ultimately, such control will enable the design of materials which can change these properties in real time. Stimuli‐responsive organic materials, such as polymers and composites, are a class of materials which can change their oxidation state, conductivity, shape, and rheological properties, and thus might be useful in future haptic technologies. Moreover, the use of such materials in research on tactile perception could help elucidate the limits of human tactile sensitivity. The work described represents the beginnings of this new area of inquiry, in which the defining approach is the marriage of materials science and psychology.