bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINJAU ULANG TEKS KEAGAMAAN TENTANG BATASAN USIA KAWIN ANAK
Authors: Maisarah Masayu Mashita
Published: January 2019

Upaya mewujudkan kesehatan reproduksi, hak-hak kemanusiaan, dan kemaslahatan menjadi landasan utama dalam pertimbangan pelaksanaan perkawinan anak pada wacana kontemporer. Inkonsistensi batasan usia perkawinan anak dalam fikih klasik menyebabkan perlunya pembacaan ulang terhadap teks keagamaan. Legitimasi oleh teks agama sejatinya tidak menjadi landasan utama lagi dalam kasus praktek perkawinan anak. Melalui pendekatan historis, artikel ini berupaya menegaskan bahwa perkawinan anak sejatinya perlu ditunda sebagaimana Nabi SAW pernah mencontohkan melalui penundaan perkawinan puterinya, Fatimah. Artikel ini akan memberikan pandangan seputar perkawinan anak melalui analisis bahasa dan ayat dalam teks agama.
Molecular characterization of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato virus V (PVV) isolates naturally infecting cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) in Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Natalia , Jaramillo Mesa Helena , Gallo García Yuliana , Gutiérrez Pablo Andrés , Marín Mauricio
Published: January 2019

Due to the increase of the international demand for functional fruits, cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) has become one of the crops of highest expansion in Colombia and the Andean region of South America. nfortunately, the emergence of fungal and unidentified viral diseases has slowed down the cultivation of cape gooseberry in Colombia and, particularly, in the department of Antioquia. In this work, a next-generation sequencing virome analysis of cape gooseberry plants from eastern Antioquia was performed, using leaves exhibiting symptoms such as mosaics, leaf deformation and greening of veins. The complete genomes of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato virus V (PVV) were obtained in the assembled data. The presence of both viruses was confirmed in the samples obtained at two commercial cape gooseberry fields by real time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) and partial Sanger sequencing of the coat protein (CP). Sequence analysis revealed significant sequence similarity between PVY and PVV isolates infecting P. peruviana to previously identified strains infecting potato (Solanum tuberosum and S. phureja) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in the same geographical region. This study suggests that cape gooseberry could be an alternate host to viruses of other economically important solanaceous crops in the Andean region of South America.
Preferences of Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood 1919 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for different structures of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) plants in the Magdalena warm valley of Colombia
Authors: Ebratt Everth , Rodríguez Andrés , Monje Buenaventura , Varón Edgar , Brochero Helena , Goldarazena Arturo
Published: January 2019

Thrips samples were collected from cotton crops in the Andean region of the Magdalena warm valley, an area represented by the Colombian departments of Tolima, Huila and Cundinamarca. Ten cotton plants were randomly selected per hectare in each plot. Five young leaves, five floral buds, five opened flowers and five bolls or fruits were inspected. Immature stages were separated from the adults and a first classification was made according to the present thrips morphotypes, separating the adults of possible S. dorsalis specimens from the others. T-Student and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed in order to find statistical differences between the different evaluated variables. The selectivity of S. dorsalis for each plant structure was determined by Z tests, Spearman correlation analysis and the Bray-Curtis similarity index. Scirtothrips dorsalis was found in 77% (n = 46) of the inspected sites. The species exhibited greater affinity to the boll, followed by young leaves and buds. Opened flowers constituted a resource not frequented by the pest with a similarity range of I = 0.8 (<1). It is suggested that cotton plants are hosts to the thrips species; it means that the pest life cycle is highly associated to the cotton production in the Andean region. The importance of the results related to the cotton production and other crops associated to the insect species in the region is discussed.
Giving room to subjectivity in understanding and assessing problem gambling: A patient-centered approach focused on quality of life
Authors: Bonfils Nicolas A. , Grall-Bronnec Marie , Caillon Julie , Limosin Frédéric , Benyamina Amine , Aubin Henri-Jean , Luquiens Amandine
Published: January 2019

Background and aims

Problem gambling is characterized by high stigma and self-stigma, making relevant measurement of the burden of the disorder complex. The aim of our qualitative study was to describe health-related quality of life (HRQOL) impacted by problem gambling from the patients’ perspective.

Methods

We conducted 6 focus groups with 25 current or lifetime at-risk problem gamblers to identify key domains of quality of life impacted by problem gambling. A content analysis from the focus groups data was conducted using Alceste© software, using descendant hierarchical classification analysis, to obtain stable classes and the significant presences of reduced forms. The class of interest, detailing the core of impacted quality of life, was described using a cluster analysis.

Results

Thematic content analysis identified three stable classes. Class 1 contained the interviewers’ speech. Class 3 was composed of the vocabulary related to gambling practice, games and gambling venues (casino, horse betting, etc.). Class 2 described the core of impact of gambling on quality of life and corresponded to 43% of the analyzed elementary context units. This analysis revealed seven key domains of impact of problem gambling: loneliness, financial pressure, relationships deterioration, feeling of incomprehension, preoccupation with gambling, negative emotions, and avoidance of helping relationships.

Conclusions

We identified, beyond objective damage, the subjective distress felt by problem gamblers over the course of the disorder and in the helping process, marked in particular by stigma and self-stigma. Four impacted HRQOL areas were new and gambling-specific: loneliness, feeling of incomprehension, avoidance of helping relationships, and preoccupation with gambling. These results support the relevance of developing, in a next step, a specific HRQOL scale in the context of gambling.
A clinical evaluation of the DSM-5 criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder and a pilot study on their applicability to further Internet-related disorders
Authors: Müller Kai W. , Beutel Manfred E. , Dreier Michael , Wölfling Klaus
Published: January 2019

Background and aims

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and other Internet-related disorders (IRDs) have become growing health concerns in our today’s lives. Based on defined diagnostic criteria, IGD has been recognized as a condition for further research in the DSM-5; however, other IRDs have been excluded. Since the release of the DSM-5, representativeness and appropriateness of the nine diagnostic criteria have been debated. Although some first evidence has been published to evaluate these criteria, our knowledge is still limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide data on the clinical validity of the DSM-5 criteria for IGD and other types of IRD. We were also interested in examining the additional diagnostic validity of craving that is currently not being considered in the DSM-5.

Methods

Analyses on a sample of n = 166 treatment seekers for IRDs were performed. The clinician’s diagnosis was used as a main reference for determining the DSM criteria’s diagnostic performance. Secondary criteria (depression and anxiety) were defined as indicators for the construct validity.

Results

The overall diagnostic accuracy ranged between 76.6% for deceiving and 92% for loss of control and craving. Considerable differences occurred in the degree of sensitivity and specificity between the single criteria. No particular differences were found for the applicability of the criteria to other forms of IRDs.

Discussion and conclusions

Our results confirm the validity of the DSM criteria. However, the diagnostic utility of the criterion escaping aversive moods is critically discussed. Considering craving as an additional diagnostic indicator might be recommendable.
Warped product semi-slant submanifolds in locally conformal Kaehler manifolds II
Authors: Matsumoto Koji
Published: January 2019

In 1994 N.~Papaghiuc introduced the notion of semi-slant submanifold in a Hermitian manifold which is a generalization of $CR$- and slant-submanifolds, \cite{MR0353212}, \cite{MR760392}.
In particular, he considered this submanifold in Kaehlerian manifolds, \cite{MR1328947}.
Then, in 2007, V.~A.~Khan and M.~A.~Khan considered this submanifold in a nearly Kaehler manifold and obtained interesting results, \cite{MR2364904}.
Recently, we considered semi-slant submanifolds in a locally conformal Kaehler manifold and we gave a necessary and sufficient conditions of the two distributions (holomorphic and slant) be integrable.
Moreover, we considered these submanifolds in a locally conformal Kaehler space form.
In the last paper, we defined $2$-kind warped product semi-slant submanifolds in almost hermitian manifolds and studied the first kind submanifold in a locally conformal Kaehler manifold.
Using Gauss equation, we derived some properties of this submanifold in an locally conformal Kaehler space form, \cite{MR2077697}, \cite{MR3728534}.
In this paper, we consider same submanifold with the parallel second fundamental form in a locally conformal Kaehler space form.
Using Codazzi equation, we partially determine the tensor field $P$ which defined in~\eqref{1.3}, see Theorem~\ref{th4.1}.
Finally, we show that, in the first type warped product semi-slant submanifold in a locally conformal space form, if it is normally flat, then the shape operators $A$
satisfy some special equations, see Theorem~\ref{th5.2}.
Effect of soil biology and pore water chemistry on a lakebed sediment
Authors: Colreavy Cathal , O'Loughlin Conleth D. , Bishop Daniel T. , Randolph MARK F.
Published: January 2019

This paper attempts to explain how a normally consolidated lakebed sediment can have an undrained strength ratio of approximately unity, when the lithic component of the sediment is less than 3% by volume. The structured clay framework, coupled with sensitivity measurements of the sediment, show that the structure retains a very high strength in a remoulded state. Close examination of the sediment indicates a significant microfossil presence. When considered together with the depositional environment and local water chemistry, this suggests that the soil strength arises from a structural matrix of biofilm adhering to the clay and microfossil particles, which is enhanced by cross-linking due to the presence of multi-valent cations in the local water. Laboratory-scale piezocone, piezoball and T-bar penetrometer tests show that the strength and consolidation characteristics can be significantly altered by changes in the pore water chemistry, an observation that should be considered in geotechnical design for such soils.
Investigating the effect of solid and lightweight hollow block slabs on construction cost
Authors: Bikçe Murat , Akyol Bünyamin , Resatoglu Rifat
Published: January 2019

In the design of reinforced-concrete buildings, solid and lightweight hollow block slabs are commonly preferred. In general, it is believed that the cost of lightweight hollow block slabs is higher than that of solid slabs. This research aims to examine the effect of solid and lightweight hollow block slabs on construction cost both in a parametric study and in actual buildings. In the parametric study, both the x and y directions included a variation of two to four spacings, while on the vertical plane an increase up to ten floors has been taken into account, and accordingly construction costs have been compared. Then, ten structures which have solid slabs, whose number of floors was up to ten and which had been designed in accordance with updated earthquake regulations, were chosen to obtain the cost difference when designed with lightweight hollow block slabs. In all examinations, it has been confirmed that lightweight hollow block slabs cost more than solid slabs, creating a 10·49–21·93% cost difference ratio, and that the cost difference ratios obtained from the actual structures also agree with these findings. The study presents increase curves depending on the slab type, modal analyses and strength comparisons.
Protein adsorption and biodegradation behaviour of Mg–3Zn/HA for biomedical application
Authors: Dubey Anshu , Jaiswal Satish , Ghosh Souvik , Roy Partha , Lahiri Debrupa
Published: January 2019

Orthopaedic implants demand a new domain of biodegradable materials to avoid second surgery after healing and stress shielding – problems that are associated with clinically used metallic implants. Magnesium (Mg) is a suitable replacement for avoiding stress shielding and second surgery in load-bearing orthopaedic applications. However, the main challenge with magnesium is its high corrosion rate in the physiological environment. Biodegradable magnesium-based composites reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA) can help in improving corrosion resistance. An effort has been taken here to improve the degradation behaviour and bioactivity of magnesium–HA composites prepared through conventional sintering. Immersion tests in simulated body fluid and fetal bovine serum reveal ∼22% improvement in corrosion resistance in the latter case. The interaction of proteins with the biomaterial surface is of crucial importance in implants as adsorbed proteins define immediate cell attachment and proliferation on the surfaces. In this study, the mechanism of protein adsorption on composites is also analysed. It was observed that ∼40% more protein was adsorbed by the 5 wt% HA-reinforced composite (M5H) in 3 h compared to the structure without HA (M0H). Adsorption of more proteins on the surface of M5H implants indicates better cell proliferation ability and better corrosion resistance, making them a very promising candidate for biodegradable orthopaedic implants.
Das Delirium der Kritik
Authors: Quent Marcus
Published: January 2019

Wieder und wieder und wieder: "Wie steht um die die Kritik?" Die regelmäßige Wiederkehr dieser Frage lässt nur Rückschlüsse zu auf den allgemeinen kanonischen Wert, der ihr zukommt, das eigentümliche Insistieren kann auch als Anzeichen einer Verunsicherung gelesen werden, als Indiz eines Einschnitts, der den Kanon aufbricht. Während die Frage im schlechten Fall Instrument einer reinen Bestandsaufnehme ist, die der Selbstvergewisserung dient, ist sie im günstigen Fall Ausdruck einer kritischen Aufmerksamkeit, die sich zu einer Erschütterung des Wesens zu verhalten sucht.
Keep Smiling. Zur Dialektik der Adorno Culture
Authors: Rabe Jens-Christian
Published: January 2019

Man kennt ihn als großen Spielverderber. "Fun" war Adorno und seinem Co-Autor Max Horkheimer in der Dialektik der Aufklärung ein "Stahlbad", Massenkultur nichts als die "Vergötzung des Daseienden und der Macht", und in den Minima Moralia lautet das schlecht gelaunte Verdikt bekanntlich: " Es gibt kein richtiges Leben im falschen." Dass er ein Image aber nicht nur gekannt, sondern auch damit gespielt hat, damit kann ein Vortrag mit dem Titel "Kultur und Culture" noch immer überraschen, den er am 9. Juli 1958 auf der "Hessischen Hochschulwoche für staatswissenschaftliche Fortbildung" in Bad Wildungen vor 120 Beamten des höheren Dienstes gehalten hat.
Agonale Theorie. Adorno und die Rückkehr der Form
Authors: Geulen Eva
Published: January 2019

Ein halbes Jahrhundert nach Adornos Tod wüsste man gern, ob der abweisende Brocken der Ästhetischen Theorie seine Wahrheit entfaltet hat. Dass man diese Frage so nicht einmal mehr zu formulieren wagt, spricht für sich. "Große Werke", befand Adonro in der Ästhetischen Theorie "warten auf ihre Interpretation" (ÄT193), und sie "können nicht lügen" (ÄT196). Auch dass sie selten geworden sind, macht den Reiz solcher starker Sätze aus.
Negative Kunst. Adorno, Wols und die Katastrophe
Authors: Trempler Jörg
Published: January 2019

Theodor W. Adornos Ästhetische Theorie war für die Theoriebildung der zeitgenössichen Kunst nach 1945 das zentrale Werk- Für die bildende Kunst ist das vordergründig erstaunlich, da der Autor wenig konkrete Werkanalysen lieferte. Adorno beförderte dagegen eine intellektuelle Haltung, die sich dezidiert gegen ein "weiter so" einsetzte. Der Bruch, den die großen Katastrophen des Zweiten Weltkrieges auslösten, musste in diesem Sinne auch in der Kunst kenntlich gemacht werden.
Gegenbegriffe, gegengelesen
Authors: Kemp Wolfgang
Published: January 2019

Zu der Zeit, da das Digitale als Binäres, als unendlicher Strom der Differenz von Nullen und Einsen seinen Siegeszug antrat, geriet in den Geisteswissenschaften das Zweistellige als polare Begrifflichkeit in Misskredit. Den Brechnungen des Computers müssen nicht nur zwei diskrete Werte zugrunde liegen, und es könnten auch andere Ziffern sein als die im Schaltungsschema 0/1 vorgesehenen, entscheidend ist nur die Differenzen besteht auch die Grundversorgung der poststrukturalistischen Theorie
Non Stop Horkheimer
Authors: Güttler Nils , Stadler Max
Published: January 2019

"Wie heißt denn die Stadt, in der wir uns gerade aufhalten?" - "Das wissen sie nicht? (…) Sie sind natürlich in Chicago." Was so nicht gant korrekt war. Tatsächlich fand dieser Dialog zwischen einem Auswandererehepaar und einem Verkehrsschutzmann, von dem Die Zeit im März 1965 berichtetet, in Frankfurt, der "amerikanischsten" aller wesrdeutschen Städte, statt. In der Mainmetropole konnte man schon einmal durcheinanderkommen. Lokalkolorit und heimatliche Gemütlichkeit fand man, zumindest laut Zeit, nur noch jenseits des Mains, in Sachsenhausen.
Межпоколенческие счета и демографический дивиденд в России
Authors: Денисенко Михаил Борисович , Козлов Владимир Александрович
Published: January 2019

В предлагаемой статье представлена современная методология оценки вклада отдельных возрастных групп в производство и распределение национального дохода – национальные трансфертные (межпоколенческие) счета. Экономический жизненный цикл человека делится на стадии, которые определяются соотношением трудового дохода и потребления. В средних возрастах получаемый доход превышает текущее потребление. Возникает избыток или профицит ресурсов, который идет на покрытие дефицита дохода для обеспечения потребления в младших и старших возрастных группах. Оценки дефицита или профицита в отдельных возрастах выполнены для российского населения по состоянию на 2013 г. на основе построенных по результатам обследований и административных источников возрастных профилей доходов и потребления. Дается оценка изменений дефицита жизненного цикла на перспективу при разных сценариях демографического развития. Возрастные профили доходов и потребления были использованы для оценки эффективной экономической поддержки и влияния демографических изменений в России на темпы экономического роста в ближайшем будущем.
Социально-экономические факторы и последствия избыточного веса
Authors: Колосницына Марина Григорьевна , Куликова Ольга Анатольевна
Published: January 2019

Растущий во всем мире избыточный вес населения - одна из важнейших угроз общественному здоровью. В последние десятилетия этот феномен активно исследуется представителями разных наук. В России социально-экономические факторы и последствия избыточного веса пока мало изучены. В статье представлен обзор литературы, посвященной причинам избыточного веса и издержкам, которые несут отдельные индивиды, работодатели, государство. На базе микроданных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения за 2012-2016 гг. проводится эмпирический анализ динамики распространения ожирения и предожирения в стране, изучается связь избыточного веса с демографическими и социально-экономическими факторами, с положением работника на рынке труда, расходами на лечение.
Результаты анализа подтверждают связь склонности к избыточному весу с возрастом и гендерной принадлежностью человека, с факторами здорового образа жизни. Высшее и среднее специальное образование коррелирует с низким весом только среди женщин. Для мужчин, напротив, более высокий уровень образования ассоциируется с высокими показателями предожирения и ожирения. Связи избыточного веса и субъективного благосостояния не выявлено.
Оценки связи избыточного веса и положения работников на рынке труда, проведенные регрессионными методами, показали, что индекс массы тела (ИМТ) значимо коррелирует как с вероятностью занятости, так и с заработной платой (для мужчин). Однако в обоих случаях эта связь оказывается положительной для низких и средних значений ИМТ, и лишь в случаях тяжелого ожирения наблюдается отрицательная зависимость.
Увеличение веса ассоциируется с ростом числа хронических заболеваний, ухудшением самооценки здоровья, растущей вероятностью инвалидности. Полные люди в среднем чаще попадают в больницу, покупают лекарства и тратят на них больше денег по сравнению с людьми с нормальным весом. Однако эконометрический анализ подтвердил положительную связь веса и медицинских расходов только для женщин и для людей, страдающих предожирением, при прочих равных условиях.
Effiziente Aufgaben-Allokation in Roboter-Teams
Authors: Sarkar Chayan , Dey Sounak , Agarwal Marichi
Published: January 2019

With the advent of Industry 4.0 era, employing a team of robots within a factory floor or a warehouse is pretty prevalent today as robots can perform a known task with higher accuracy and efficiency if its capability permits. Efficiency and throughput of such a setup depend on careful task assignment and scheduling, which further depend on utility calculation. Though there exists a number of techniques to perform efficient task allocation, they assume the utility values are available and static. They neither consider all the relevant parameters nor the dynamic changes that may occur during task execution. Moreover, methods of automating such dynamic utility calculation (both at the start and at runtime) based on knowledge and semantics are not present and this is a hindrance to building a fully automated robotic workforce. In this article, we explore an avenue of semantic-based dynamic utility calculation and showcase its application for a use-case.
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF VISUAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH PROGRESSIVE KERATOCONUS AFTER CORNEAL COLLAGEN CROSSLINKING
Authors: Hassan Tara , Ahmed Ballga
Published: January 2019

Background 

Corneal collagen cross-linking is a new treatment modality aimed at increasing the biomechanical stability of the cornea through the application of riboflavin and UVA-induced collagen cross-linking it seems to be possible to stop the progression of keratoconus (a progressive, non-inflammatory corneal thinning disorder). 

Objectives 

To assess the effectiveness of corneal collagen cross-linking in stabilizing progression of keratoconus and visual effects in patients with progressive disease.

Patients and Methods

Fifty nine eyes of thirty-five patients with progressive keratoconus (19 females and 16 males) who underwent corneal collagen crosslinking between Dec. 2013 and Sep. 2014 were included in a retrospective non-controlled experimental study. The data collected in Tooe Maleek private hospital and Shahid-Aso Eye Teaching Hospital, in which recorded pre-procedure uncorrected, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity using Snellen acuity chart-decimal notation, autorefraction (by autorefractometer) and topography findings (CCT and mean K-reading using OCULUS-PENTACAM) were taken and patients examined after the procedure in a period between 6-12 months and then pre and post crosslinking findings were compared. The data were collected between January to July 2015.

Results

The age of all patients were under 30 years. Females more commonly affected than males. The most common association or risk factor was continuous rubbing of the eyes. After corneal cross-linking, there was a statistically significant improvement in uncorrected, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, decreased central corneal thickness (CCT) and mean keratometric reading (K reading). While each of myopic spherical equivalent and cylinder refractive error showed no statistically significant difference before and after the procedure (Stabilized). 

Conclusion

The corneal collagen crosslinking with riboflavin and UV-A irradiation was proved to be effective in halting the keratoconus progression.
PATTERN OF BIOPSY PROVEN RENAL DISEASE IN A SINGLE CENTER OF KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ: 7 YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Mohmood Kawa , Nooruldeen Safaa , Sharif Dana , Ali Alaa
Published: January 2019

Background 

Several registries and centers have reported the result of renal biopsies from different parts of the world. Since there are no studies being conducted in Kurdistan region-Iraq, this raises the necessity of performing studies on renal biopsies to establish the pattern and trends of renal diseases

Objectives 

To identify the pattern of renal pathology among renal biopsy specimens.

Materials and Methods

A total of 2779 renal biopsies performed during 7 year period, between January 2010 and December 2016 in (Shorsh General Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed after exclusion of the reports with insufficient records and those from transplanted subjects.

Results

Among 1914 native biopsy cases 51.6% were males and 48.4% were females, the mean patient age was 31±17 years. The most frequent clinical presentations prior to renal biopsy were; proteinuria, renal impairment and hypertension. Majority of the biopsies showed some form of Glomerular diseases (81.5%) either Primary glomerular disease (63.17%) or Secondary glomerular disease (18.29%) followed by Miscellaneous and Tubulointersitial nephropathies. The most common Primary glomerular disease was Focal and segmental (41.7%) followed by Minimal change disease (23.8%), Membranous nephropathy (16.7%) and Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (6.1%). Among the Secondary glomerular disease, Hypertensive nephrosclerosis formed the commonest diagnosis (42.8%), followed by Lupus nephritis (34.6%), Amyloidosis (15.1%) and Diabetic nephropathy (7.4%). 

Conclusion

Primary glomerular disease was the most prevalent with Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease being the most frequent diagnosis. Among the Secondary glomerular disease Hypertensive nephrosclerosis was the commonest followed by Lupus nephritis.
UMBILICAL VEIN INJECTION OF 800 MICROGRAM MISOPROSTOL VERSUS OXYTOCIN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RETAINED PLACENTA
Authors: Mahmood Maryam , Shamdeen Maida , Hamadmeen Bafrin
Published: January 2019

Background 

The third stage of labor is timed from the delivery of the baby to the expulsion of the placenta and membranes. This normally takes five and fifteen minutes. It may be complicated with retained placenta. Consequently, intervention should be started promptly.

Objectives 

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of umbilical vein injection of misoprostol (800 Microgram) versus oxytocin (20 units) for the treatment of retained placenta.

Materials and Methods

This is a double-blinded randomized clinical trial, conducted at the Maternity Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, from October 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Fifty patients whom delivered vaginally and complicated by retained placenta were randomly allocated into two groups;group1 received 800 mcg of misoprostol (four Misotac® 200 mcg, Pfizer) and, group2 received 20 IU of oxytocin (NOVARTIS) each diluted in 20 ml of normal saline were infused through umbilical vein for the two groups respectively. The outcome was measured by using time interval of placental separation and amount of blood loss. 

Results

The mean ± SD age was (30.5 ± 5.8) and (27.8 ± 5) for the oxytocin and misoprostol groups respectively. There were a statistically significant relationship between the type of drug injections and a statistically very highly significant difference between the type of drug injections and time interval for the placental separation (P-value of 0.04 and P-value of <0.001 respectively). There was also a statistical significant difference in the mean vaginal blood loss between the two groups (169.3 ± 88.1 ml, 150 ± 89.4 ml) in oxytocin and misoprostol groups respectively), (P-value = 0.03). 

Conclusions

The intraumbilical vein injection of misoprostol was better than oxytocin for the reduction of time needed till placental separation and associated with less blood loss.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY OF CRYOTHERAPY, INTRALESIONAL SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE AND 7% SODIUM CHLORIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS
Authors: Abdalla Darsim , Omer Shirwan , Dawoud Abdullah
Published: January 2019

Background 

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease for which many therapies had been used, aiming to kill the parasite and induce cure with minimum scarring. Intralesional Sodium stibogluconate, cryosurgery and intralesional Sodium Chloride 7% solution were among these therapies.

Objectives 

To compare between intralesional Sodium stibogluconate, cryotherapy and intralesional Sodium Chloride 7% solution in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis regarding their efficacies and side effects. 

Patients and methods

This study involved 82 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The entire subjects met certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided according to the type of treatment into three groups. In group (A) 28 patients were treated with Intralesional Sodium stibogluconate, group (B) Cryosurgery was used for treatment of 29 patients and in group (C) Intralesional Sodium Chloride 7% solution was used for treatment of the remaining 25 patients. We were followed all patients for 12 weeks after completion of the treatments 

Results

There were significant association between the following parametres, complete clearance of cutaneous leishmaniasis and the use of intralesional Sodium stibogluconate (p=0.02), lowest pain scores during treatment and the use of cryosurgery in group (p<0.001), and between decreased visits number of treatment and the use of intralesional Sodium Chloride 7% solution in group (C) (p=0.05).

Conclusion

Intralesional Sodium stibogluconate was the most effective treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis followed by cryosurgery and Sodium Chloride 7% solution was the least effective one.
Patient Loyalty in the HospitalPatient Relationship: The Mediating Role of Social Media
Authors: TOSYALI Hikmet , SÜTÇÜ Cem Sefa , TOSYALI Furkan
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to investigate role of social media on patient loyalty. Based on
related literature review, for assessing patient loyalty, a measurement scale, testing
satisfaction shared by patient through social media, patient trust, strength of
hospital-patient communication on social media, and perceived image of hospital
on social media was developed. The data was collected from 625 patients by selfadministered online questionnaires. Hypotheses about the role of social media
were suggested based on existing body of knowledge so that we aimed to examine
underlying mechanism between the predictors and patient loyalty by means of
Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) framework. Findings demonstrated that
satisfaction, shared by patients through social media, mediated the association
between patient trust, strength of hospital-patient communication on social media,
perceived image of hospital on social media, and patient loyalty. The findings
provide an original empirical model with respect to gaining loyal patients whom
are customers of hospitals and highlight the important role of social media in health
communication.
İletişim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Medya Okuryazarlık Algıları ve Medya Okuryazarlığı Eğitimine Yaklaşımları
Authors: KÖKTENER Aysun
Published: January 2019

Hızla gelişen ve dönüşen iletişim teknolojileriyle birlikte kitle iletişim araçlarının
kullanımı, zaman ve mekan sınırı olmaksızın hayatın vazgeçilmez unsurlarından
biri haline geldi. Kitle iletişim araçları ve yeni medyanın gelişimiyle birlikte
toplumsal etkileşimin çoğalması, iletişimin ticarileşerek ulusal ve uluslararası
sermayenin kontrolüne girmesi, kamu denetiminin yetersiz oluşu medya iletilerine
eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşılmasını zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Bu bağlamda,
bireyleri bilinçlendiren, bilgiyi yorumlayabilen ve sorgulayabilen bir bakış açısına
kavuşturabilmek açısından, medya okuryazarlığı eğitimi büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin medya okuryazarlığı ve
Medya Okuryazarlığı dersini nasıl algıladığı ile ilköğretim eğitiminde alınan Medya
Okuryazarlığı dersinin, medyaya yönelik bilinçlenme yaratıp yaratmadığının
saptanmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi
öğrencilerinden Medya Okuryazarlığı dersi eğitimi almış 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim
gören 265 kişilik bir gurupla anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca yarı yapılandırılmış
görüşme tekniği kullanılarak, ilköğretimde verilen Medya Okuryazarlığı dersinin
etkinliği saptanmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada elde edilen veriler, SPSS 24.0
(Statistical Package for Social Science) paket programında işlenerek analiz edilmiş
ve tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda Medya Okuryazarlığı dersinin
katılımcıların medyaya yaklaşımlarında ve medyayı kullanım alışkanlıklarında
farklılık yarattığı saptanmış, öğrencilerin medya içeriklerine karşı çok yönlü ve
eleştirel bir bakış açısı kazandığı belirlenmiştir.
Dijital Haberleşme Çağında Yerel Basının Karşılaştığı Sorunlar
Authors: ARVAS İbrahim Sena
Published: January 2019

Düzenli olarak yayımlanan yerel gazetelerin en önemli gelir kaynaklarından birisi
resmi ilanlardır. Basın İlan Kurumu’nun bünyesinde dağıtılan bu resmi ilanları
alabilmenin ön koşulu gazetelerin basılı yani matbu olmasıdır. Türkiye’de her geçen
gün, gerek evden gerekse mobil olarak internete bağlanma oranları artmaktadır.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verilerine göre, geniş bant İnternet erişim imkânına sahip
hanelerin oranının 2017 yılı Nisan ayında %78,3 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu orana
bakıldığında günümüzde dijital haberleşmenin diğer mecralarla kıyaslanamayacak
kadar geliştiği görülmektedir. Gazetecilik alanında da kendini gösteren bu
dijitalleşme süreci yerel gazetelerin internet ortamına taşınmasına imkân tanımıştır.
Baskı ve dağıtım faaliyetlerinin yüksek maliyetler gerektirmesi yerel gazeteciler
için internet ortamını son derece cazip kılmaktadır. Ancak resmi ilanlardan elde
edilecek olan gelirden mahrum kalmamak amacıyla birçok yerel gazete basılı olarak
yayım yapmaktan vazgeçememektedir. Yaygın basının tanınmış gazetelerinin kâğıt
baskısından vazgeçerek dijitale yöneldiği günümüzde dar gelirli yerel basının resmi
ilanlar nedeniyle matbaalara mahkûm kalması irdelenmesi gereken bir sorundur.
Bununla birlikte genel ve yerel seçimlere aylar kala hem basılı olarak hem de
internet ortamında ortaya çıkan ve siyasi ilanlardan pay almak amacıyla yayıncılık
yapan naylon gazeteler de yerel basının mücadele etmesi gereken bir başka sorun
olmaktadırlar. Gerek Basın İlan Kurumu, gerekse meslek örgütleri tarafından bu
naylon gazetelerin yol açtığı haksız rekabete karşı önlemler alınması gerekmektedir.
Bu çalışma dijitalleşen haberleşme ortamında yerel basının karşılaştığı söz konusu
iki sorunu açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır
Türk Sinemasında Kadının Temsil Sorununa Alternatif Bir Yöntemle Bakmak: Bechdel Test
Authors: ÖZ Gülden , SEÇEN Devrim
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada uluslararası alanda pek çok makale ve teze konu olan “Bechdel Test”
tanıtılmış ve testin feminist sinemaya katkısı ve eksik yönleri tartışmaya açılmıştır.
Türkiye sinema araştırmalarında bugüne dek gündeme gelmemiş olan Bechdel
Test’ten yola çıkılarak, Türk sinemasında kadının temsiline yeni bir pencereden
bakılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kültür ve
Turizm Bakanlığı’nın 2014 yılında yaptığı halkoylamasıyla seçilmiş olan “En İyi 10
Türk Filmi”ne Bechdel Test uygulanmıştır. Bu filmlerde ortaya konulan kadına dair
söylem, karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme yapmaya olanak sağlaması ve Bechdel
Test verilerinin sağlamasının yapılması amacıyla, metin analizi yöntemi ile de
incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Bechdel Test’in ölçüm biçiminin sınırlılığından
ötürü, testi geçen filmlerin tümünün feminist bakış açısına sahip olduğunun iddia
edilemeyeceği ortaya konulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, 1985 yılında sinema ve kadın
ilişkisine mizahi bir biçimde bakılarak ortaya çıkarılan Bechdel Test’in, sinemada
kadın temsili konusunda yarattığı geniş farkındalığa da dikkat çekilmiştir. Yapılan
çalışmada incelenen filmlerin pek çoğunun Bechdel Test’in oldukça basit üç
koşulunu dahi tamamıyla sağlayamamış olduğunun görülmesi, Türk sinemasında
kadının yokluğunun gözler önüne serilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Çalışmada
testin Avrupa ülkelerindeki kullanımına ve bu testten hareketle yeni film ölçekleri
de geliştirilebileceğine değinilerek, Türk sinemasında toplumsal cinsiyet temsili
kriterlerinin oluşturulmasının gereği ortaya konulmuştur.
An Analysis of the Relationship Between Digital Storytelling Patterns And the Level of Self-Respect
Authors: LİVBERBER Tuba , TİRYAKİ Salih
Published: January 2019

Digital storytelling is the traditional storytelling carried out by using the digital tools.
This narration is based on a process which involves sound, visuals, graphics, image,
music and text in an interactive environment. Today the individuals who are not only
the content consumers but also the content producers, quite often use the digital
storytelling. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the relationship between the
digital storytelling patterns and the level of self-respect. It was concluded at the end
of the study that the most prominent motives of the participants for using the digital
storytelling are communication, sharing information, having fun and overcoming
boredom. Sharing the photos or videos of “anything” or of “themselves” in their
moments/stories has the biggest percent among the participants’ digital storytelling
patterns. Sharing the photos or videos of “someone else” in their moments/stories
constitutes the smallest percent. There is a meaningful difference between sharing a
photo or video of one’s self in moments/stories and the level of self-respect.
27 Mayıs Darbesi’nin Meşruiyetini Sağlamaya Çalışan Öncü Gazetesinin YTP ve TİP Çizgisindeki Değişimi
Authors: ŞAHİN Meltem
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmanın konusu, 26 Ağustos 1960 – 17 Kasım 1962 tarihleri arasında, 27
Mayıs 1960 Darbesi’nin ardından çıkarılan Öncü gazetesinin yönetiminde yaşanan
değişime bağlı olarak Yeni Türkiye Partisi (YTP) ve Türkiye İşçi Partisi (TİP) ile olan
ilişkilerinin gazetenin içeriğine nasıl yansıdığıdır. 27 Mayıs 1960 Askerî Darbesi’nden
3 ay sonra yayın hayatına giren Öncü, yeni iktidarın fikir ve inançlarını yayması ve
darbenin meşruiyetini sağlamaya çalışması anlamında basın tarihinde önemli bir
yerde durmaktadır. Alparslan Türkeş’in etkisinde çıktığı ve 27 Mayıs fikirlerini
desteklemek için çıkarıldığı kesin olan Öncü’nün ortaya çıkmasını sağlayan darbeye
ilişkin olan temel siyasi duruşla birlikte, oluşan yeni siyasi partilerle yürüttüğü ilişki
de önemlidir. Söz konusu ilişkiyi açıklamak ve bu ilişkinin gazetenin karakterine
yansımalarını aktarmak amacıyla gazetenin yayımlanan tüm sayılarına bakılmış,
konuyla ilgili tüm metinler tarihsel betimleyici analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.
Çalışma sonunda Öncü’nün yeni kurulan ve farklı ideolojilere sahip siyasi partilerle
olan yakınlığının içeriklere önemli ölçüde yansıdığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Aydın Yalçın
yönetiminde gazetede YTP ile ilgili haberler ağırlıkla yer alırken, liberal ekonomi
savunulmuş ve CHP’nin devletçilik politikası eleştirilmiştir. 1962’de Kuvvet Başarır
ve Müşerref Hekimoğlu yönetiminde ise TİP’e yakınlık; sendika, işçi haberleri, çalışma
ilişkileri, kadınların iş yaşamı gibi konuların sayfalarda sıklıkla yer almasıyla kendini
göstermiştir. Yönetimdeki yapı değişimi gazetenin yazar kadrosuna da yansımıştır.
“Muhsin Bey” ve “Yol Ayrımı” Ekseninde Yavuz Turgul Sinemasında İçtenliğin İlgası ve Masumiyet Hezeyanları
Authors: OKTAN Ahmet
Published: January 2019

Yeşilçam filmlerinin pek çoğunda anlatılan, yoksulluğu, hüznü, sevinci, umudu
paylaşan insanlardan oluşan mahalle öyküleri, 1980 sonrası dönemde beyaz
perdede çok az yer bulur. Bu filmlere özgü dayanışma, masumiyet ve içtenlik
anlatıları artık nostaljik bir geçmiş tasavvuruna dönüşür. Sözü edilen hüzünlü
atmosfer çalışmaya konu olarak belirlenen Yavuz Turgul sinemasını tanımlayan
karakteristik özelliklerden biridir. Toplumsal dönüşümlerden ve yönetmenin kendi
kişisel tarihinden beslenen bu sinema anlayışı içerisinde, geçmişe ilişkin değerlerin
taşıyıcısı durumundaki bireylerin, kötümser, bireyci, yozlaşmış zamana direnme
mücadeleleri işlenir. Masumiyet, içtenlik, sadakat, dayanışma temaları bu filmlerde
“zamanın ruhu”nu sorgulamanın elemanlarıdır artık.
Bu çalışmada Turgul’un Muhsin Bey (1987) ve Yol Ayrımı (2017) filmleri merkeze
alınarak, sözü edilen temsil biçimleri, toplumsal bağlantılarıyla ilişkili olarak
tartışılmaktadır. Yönetmenin konuya ilişkin yaklaşımı, farklı dönemlerde
çektiği, içtenlik ve masumiyet problemlerine yoğunlaşan bu iki film odağında
incelenmektedir. Bu filmler, farklı dönemlerde çekilseler de içtenlik tartışması
açısından birbirini tamamladığı düşünüldüğünden tercih edilmişlerdir. Ele alınan
filmler, sosyolojik bağlam çerçevesinde, öykü ve karakterin özellikleri ön plana
alınarak analiz edilmiştir.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS OF VSEVOLOD HANTSOV
Authors: Mohylnyi L.
Published: January 2019

At the end of the 19th and in the early 20th centuries the Ukrainian intelligentsia attached great significance to a personal contribution of everyone in the field of science and culture to the development of one’s homeland. One of those who shared this opinion was Vsevolod Mykhailovych Hantsov. He worked at the Petersburg university until 1918, then, in February 1919, he moved to Kyiv and joined the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and the Ukrainian Party of Socialist-Federalists, which was headed by S. Yefremov. Also, he supported the Ukrainian People's Republic in the struggle against the Bolsheviks.
In the Ukrainian and foreign historiography, the social and political views of Hantsov have received little attention. Therefore, in the current research, the evolution of V. Hantsov's views during the revolutionary events and the struggle for independence in 1917-1920's have been analyzed. His autonomous beliefs, which were formed under the influence of the Ukrainian community of St. Petersburg and his participation in the Ukrainian national movement, have been defined. The research has revealed that, like most participants in the Ukrainian national movement, Hantsov came to a firm belief that the formation of an independent state, which could finally solve the national, social, economic, scientific, and educational issues of the Ukrainian people, became an urgent need in his time. One of the ways of such self-affirmation was his scientific work in the field of linguistics. The little-known side of V. Hantsov's activities was his participation in the underground anti-Bolshevik associations, namely in the Brotherhood of Ukrainian Statehood (BUD) 1920-1924, which sought to restore the UPR (Ukrainian People's Republic). In the article, it has been revealed that the members of the BUD tried to become the focal point of the national movement on the territory of Kyiv region, condemned the Bolshevik policy of war communism, treated the NEP (New Economic Policy) and the policy of Ukrainization with a great deal of mistrust and caution. Taking into consideration the fact that so-called marginal representatives of the Ukrainian movement, including V. Hantsov, have been little explored so far, the research on the socio-political views of the figures of the Ukrainian national movement is extremely urgent in a modern scientific discourse.
RUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES IN 2004-2008: MAIN DIRECTIONS OF COOPERATION AND POLITICAL-DIPLOMATIC RIVALRY
Authors: Kosau A.
Published: January 2019

The problems of Russian-US relations during the second Vladimir Putin presidency are considered in the article. The author is analyzed the main directions of cooperation and rivalry between Moscow and Washington in 2004–2008. He is paid special attention to Russian and American approaches to combating international terrorism, solving strategic security problems and issues of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). In addition, the author is shown a different vision of the new world order by Russia and the United States, American interference in the internal affairs of the Russian Federation and Moscow’s response, geopolitical rivalry between the two powers in the post-Soviet space. It was concluded that during the second Vladimir Putin presidency in Russian-US relations, cooperation between the two powers in important areas of world politics and international security began to give way to confrontation. The main reason for this deterioration was the conceptual divergence between Moscow and Washington regarding virtually the entire agenda of their relations – from the creation of the new world order to the political development of the post-Soviet space and Russia itself.
«FORGOTTEN DIRECTOR» (O. NAZAREVSKYI AND THE LIBRARY OF KYIV UNIVERSITY DURING 1920’S – AT THE BEGINNING OF 1930’S)
Authors: Liapina O.
Published: January 2019

The history of Kyiv university library of the educational experiments period (from 1920 to beginning 1930th) is presented in this article. The research is based on archived materials. The author described structures, the main directions of work and ways of library funds refill. The basic obstacles of the normal functioning of library are found out in an indicated period. Information about the chief librarians of the 1920s – 1930s was specified. The term of work of V. Kordt in the Kiev Institute of Public Education was specified, his successors are indicated. Main attention is paid to the difficult period of 1925-1929, related to the library reorganization, allocation of a significant part of funds and transfer of them to the National Library of Ukraine and other educational and scientific institutions of Ukraine. The activity of О. Nazarevskyi on the post of library director has been analyzed. It was accentuated the efforts that had been made by the administration of institute and Nazarevskyi as a senior librarian for the purpose of decreasing the negative consequences of library funds distribution during the second half of 1920th.