bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Coping Religious dalam Mengatasi Gangguan Fisik-Psikis-Sosial-Spiritual pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Authors: Reza Iredho Fani
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pasien gagal ginjal kronik rentan mengalami gangguan aspek fisik-psikologis-sosial-spiritual yang bersumber dari gangguan psikologis dan fisik. Untuk mengatasi setiap aspek gangguan yang dialami pasien gagal ginjal konik, coping religious dalam perspektif agama Islam menjadi cara mengatasi permasalahan psikologis yang dialami pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang di implementasi dengan dua bentuk.  Pertama,  hubungan terhadap Allah  SWT  (hablun  Min Allah)  berupa  pelaksanaan  serangkaian  ibadah, seperti:  salat,  zikir,  puasa,  berdoa,  membaca Al-Qur’an.  Kedua,  hubungan  dengan sesama manusia (hablun min an-nas), yaitu silaturahmi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian mixed methods dengan rancangan penelitian embedded design. Jumlah subjek yang menjadi sampel dengan teknik random sederhana dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 62 pasien gagal ginjal kronik. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan kepada pasien gagal ginjal kronik, untuk mempertahankan intensitas pelaksanaan ibadah dan meningkatkan pemahaman dan penghayatan keagamaan, sehingga dapat mengatasi gangguan fisik-psikis-sosial-spiritual untuk menyikapi pelbagai permasalahan kehidupan yang dihadapi.This study found that patients with chronic renal failure prone impaired physical aspect-psycho-social-spiritual that comes from psychological and physical disorders. To cope with every aspect of interruptions suffered kidney failure patients conic, religious coping in the perspective of Islam becomes a way to overcome psychological problems experienced by patients with chronic renal failure in the implementation of the two forms. First, there is a relationship to Allah (hablun Min Allah) in the form of implementation of a series of worship, such as prayer, remembrance, fasting, praying, reading the Qur'an. Second, there are relationships with human beings (hablun min an-nas), mostly called “the gathering”. This study is a mixed research methods with embedded design. The number of subjects sampled by simple random technique in this research consists of 62 patients with chronic renal failure. The results of this study are expected to provide input to chronic renal failure patients, to maintain the intensity of worship and increase understanding and appreciation to religion, so that it can cope with the physical disruption of social-psychological-spiritual-to address various life problems that occur.
Tarekat Naqsabandiyah di Indonesia Abad 19 dari Ortodoksi ke Politisasi
Authors: Noupal Muhammad
Published: February 2017

Setidaknya ada beberapa hal penting dalam tulisan ini; pertama, perkembangan tarekat Naqsabandiyah pada abad 19 terjadi secara luas. Tidak hanya di Indonesia tetapi di hampir seluruh wilayah muslim. Hal ini disebabkan karena dominasi faham wujudiyah (tasawuf falsafi) yang melekat pada tarekat Syattariyah mulai ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat muslim akibat serangan gencar kaum tradisionalis (tasawuf sunni). Proses peralihan dalam kurun ini menyebabkan tarekat Naqsabandiyah menjadi diminati. Kedua, kritik pedas kaum tradisionalis juga dilakukan oleh para ulama fikih kepada bid’ah tarekat. Kesesuaian dengan al-Quran dan sunnah seperti yang menjadi landasan tasawuf sunni akhirnya membuat tarekat Naqsabandiyah (dan terekat non faham wujudiyah) diminati oleh masyarakat muslim. Ketiga, kekhawatiran pemerintah kolonial Belanda terhadap tarekat, terutama Naqsabandiyah saat itu, diarahkan kepada tarekat dalam arti politik, termasuk di dalamnya gerakan Pan-Islamisme. Tetapi sepanjang tidak berpolitik, pihak konial tidak membatasi tarekat.At least there are some important things in this article; First, the development of widespread Naqsabandiyah congregation in the 19th century. It happens not only in Indonesia but also in almost all Muslim lands. This is due to the dominance of ideology Wujudiyah (Sufism philosophical) attached to Syattariyah congregation begins to be abandoned by the Muslim community as a result of the onslaught of the traditionalists (Sufism of Sunni). The process of transition in this period leads Naqsabandiyah to be desirable. Second, harsh criticism of the traditionalists is also done by the jurists to heretical congregation. Compliance with the Quran and the Sunnah as the basis of Sufism Sunni finally made Naqsabandiyah congregation (and congregation of non wujudiyah’s thought) demand by the Muslim community. Thirdly, the Dutch colonial government fears the congregation, especially Naqsabandiyah. Then, it is directed to the congregation in a political sense, including the movement of Pan-Islamism. But as long as there are no politics, colonial party does not restrict the congregation.
Perilaku Konsumsi Upaya Meningkatkan Potensi Produk Deposito di Bank Syariah
Authors: Mulanto Tri
Published: February 2017

Perbankan syari’ah saat ini telah memiliki payung hukum yang kuat dengan hadirnya undang-undang nomor 21 tahun 2008 tentang perbankan syari’ah. Hal ini sangat berpengaruh terhadap eksistensi dari perbankan syari’ah yang semakin diminati oleh banyak kalangan.Bank syari’ah membutuhkan dana dalam menjalankan produk pembiayaannya. Deposito merupakan salah satu produk penghimpunan di bank syariah. Deposito di bank syariah terus mengalami pertumbuhan. Walaupun demikian bank syariah tetap harus meningkatkan produk deposito, untuk mencapai market share 5 persen. Untuk meningkatkan volume deposito bank syariah perlu memahami bentuk perilaku konsumsi masyarakat. Dari data yang ada kontribusi dana pihak ketiga bank syariah diberikan oleh produk deposito sebesar 71,15 persen.Penulisan ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif kualitatif, Batasan dalam tulisan ini difokuskan pada produk deposito di bank syari’ah perilaku konsumen.Tulisan ini menggunakan studi pustaka kajian dari berbagai sumber. Hasil dari tulisan ini bahwa deposito di bank syariah terus mengalami perkembangan, pada tahun 2015 pertumbuhan deposito di bank syariah mencapai 4,12 persen. Perilaku konsumsi memiliki banyak faktor dan bisa memberi pengaruh terhadap peningkatan produk deposito di bank syariah. Sehingga bank syariah perlu memahami perilaku konsumsi masyarakat dalam upaya meningkatkan potensi pengembangan produk deposito di bank syariah.potensi pengembangan produk pembiayaan mudharabah di bank syari’ah masih sangat besar.Potensi pengembangan produk deposito masih sangat besar dan sangat luas.Bank of Shariah now has a solid legal with the presence of the law number 21 in 2008 about Bank of Shariah.  This adversely affects the existence of the Shari'ah Bank that increasingly catches interest many people. Bank of Shari'ah requires funds in running financing products. Deposits are ones’ product accumulation in Islamic banks. Deposits in Islamic banks continued to grow. Nevertheless, Islamic banks still have to increase deposit products, to achieve a 5 percent market share. To increase the volume of deposits of Islamic banks need to understand the behaviors of consumption. From the available data the contribution of third party funds provided by the Islamic banks deposits amounted to 71.15 persen. This study uses a descriptive qualitative limitation. This paper is focused on products in Consumers Islamic bank deposits. This study uses literature review of various sources. The results of this paper that the deposits in Islamic banks continued to experienced growth, in 2015 the growth of deposits in Islamic banks reaches 4.12 percent. Consumer behavior has many factors and can give effect to an increase in deposit products in Islamic banks. So that Islamic banks need to understand the behavior of private consumption in order to increase the potential for product development of deposits in Bank of Shariah. The advantage of product development in Islamic bank financing is still enormous. The advantage of deposit product development is still very large and very spacious.
Strategic Management Process of Islamic Character Development of Early Children in Islamic Kindergarten
Authors: Najib M , Wiyani Novan Ardy
Published: February 2017

This research is a field research by using a qualitative research approach. The purpose in this research is to find steps in strategic management process for development character of early children in Islamic kindergarten of al-Irsyad Purwokerto, Central java, Indonesia. The results showed that the process of strategic management to develop Islamic character of early children is done through four processes. First, processing of observation environmental to develop Islamic character in Islamic kindergarten. Second, strategic formulation process for development an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten. Third, implementating strategic process for develop an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten. Fourth, strategic assesment process for develop an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan langkah-langkah dalam proses manajemen strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) Islam al-Irsyad Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa proses manajemen strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam dilakukan melalui empat langkah. Pertama, proses pengamatan lingkungan untuk membentuk karakter Islami anak usia dini di TK Islam. Kedua, proses formulasi strategi untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam. Ketiga, proses penerapan strategi untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam. Keempat, proses penilaian strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam.
Multicultural-based Education on Indonesian Character in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Wartini Atik
Published: February 2017

This paper is a field research which examines Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character on Early Childhood Education. This research is very interesting because the Multicultural Education is assessed on the basis of Indonesian character, while Indonesian must have character as Indonesian people. Furthermore, the Indonesian character needs to be applied early on, especially in early childhood education institutions. In addition, this research is the descriptive one with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. In this paper, there are three questions; first, how is the concept of Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character according to SALAM?, second, how are the basic principles of learning model development on Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character in SALAM?, third, how is the implementation of Multicultural Education based on the Indonesian Character in SALAM?. The objectives of this research are: first, to know the concept of Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character on early childhood in SALAM, second, to know the basic principles of learning model development on Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character on early childhood education in the school (SALAM), and third, to know the implementation of Multicultural Education based on Indonesian Character on early childhood in SALAM.Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang meneliti Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada Karakter Indonesia di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Penelitian ini sangat menarik karena Pendidikan Multikultural dinilai atas dasar karakter Indonesia, sementara Indonesia harus memiliki karakter sebagai orang Indonesia. Selanjutnya, karakter Indonesia harus diterapkan sejak dini, terutama di lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini. Selain itu, penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dalam tulisan ini, ada tiga pertanyaan; pertama, bagaimana konsep Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada  Karakter Indonesia menurut SALAM ?, kedua, bagaimana prinsip-prinsip dasar pembelajaran pengembangan model Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural  Karakter Indonesia di SALAM ?, ketiga, bagaimana pelaksanaan Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada Karakter Indonesia di SALAM ?. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: pertama, untuk mengetahui konsep Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada Karakter Indonesia pada anak usia dini di SALAM, kedua, untuk mengetahui prinsip-prinsip dasar pengembangan model pembelajaran di Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada Karakter Indonesia pada pendidikan anak usia dini di sekolah (SALAM), dan ketiga, untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Pendidikan berbasis Multikultural pada Karakter Indonesia pada anak usia dini di SALAM.
Dialectics of Educational Technology and Reposition of Islamic Religious Education: Teachers’ Role in Globalization Era
Authors: Purwowidodo Agus
Published: February 2017

Learning technology as applied disciplines grows and evolves based to the needs of learning more effective, more efficient, more and more, more spacious, and more quickly in the globalization era. And also solves the problem, facilitating problem solving learning on design aspects, development, utilization, management, and assessment processes and sources in learning. Islamic religious education teachers challenge in the global era is the demands of the learning process that can improve informationliteracy that is well supported by data and facts to deliver to the students in the era of information society (information society) and the scientific community (knowledge society). So it is needed an approach and innovative methods of learning strategies that address the challenges of learning needs in the era of globalization and information. Dialectics of technology on learning in a globalization era are characterized by the demands of the students to have critical thinking skills, problem solving, innovative and creative, mastering ICT, fluent communication, and multi languages. And also Islamic religious education teachers’ competence and interaction and learning technologies such as ICT products that push reposition the role of an advanced teacher trainers, counselors, managers, participants, leader and author of learning works as an abstraction and a high commitment as a base quality of professionalism.Teknologi pembelajaran sebagai  disiplin ilmu terapan tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai kebutuhan belajar  lebih efektif, lebih efisien, lebih banyak, lebih luas, lebih cepat di era global. serta memecahkan, memfasilitasi pemecahan masalah belajar pada aspek desain, pengembangan, pemanfaatan, pengelolaan, dan penilaian proses-proses dan sumber-sumber untu belajar. Tantangan guru PAI di era global adalah tuntutan terhadap proses pembelajaran yang mampu meningkatkan information literacy yang baik didukung oleh data dan fakta untuk menghantarkan siswanya menuju pada era masyarakat informasi (information society) dan masyarakat ilmu pengetahuan (knowledge society). Sehingga di butuhkan bentuk pendekatan strategi dan metode inovatif pembelajaran yang mampu menjawab tantangan kebutuhan pembelajaran pada era globalisasi dan informasi. Dialektika teknologi terhadap proses pembelajaran di era global diwarnai dengan tuntutan terhadap siswa mempunyai keterampilan dalam berpikir kritis, memecahkan masalah, inovatif dan kreatif, menguasai ICT, komunikasi lancar, multi bahasa. Serta interaksi kompetensi Guru  PAI  dan produk teknologi pembelajaran berupa ICT yang mendorong reposisi peran guru menajdi pelatih, konselor, manajer, partisipan, pemimpin serta pengarang karya pembelajaran sebagai daya abstraksi dan komitmen yang tinggi sebagai basis kualitas profesionalisme.
The Implementation of Development of School Culture-Based Religious Education
Authors: Sobandi Kurnali
Published: February 2017

In general, religion and religious education serve to create the Indonesian human faith and the obedience to God Almighty, also to create noble, and capable people in maintaining the harmony of inter-religious relations. In addition it serves to cultivate the participants' ability to understand, appreciate and practice the values of religion are offset mastery in science, technology and art. The development of school culture based religious education in public schools is an alternative solution on the problems which are actually classic, but until now they have not been resolved properly, which in turn would be a matter of continuity up from one period to the next, namely the problem of narrow time allocation, three hours for elementary, 2 hours face to face for SMP and SMA / SMK (per-hour 40 minutes instead of 60 minutes) and the problems therein multicultural religious plurality. Implementation of the development of school-culture based religious education in public schools covers the principles of development, through a learning process, learning outcomes assessment, and indicators of school and classroom assessment.Secara umum, agama dan pendidikan agama mencetak  manusia Indonesia menjadi  beriman, patuh pada Tuhan, juga berakhlak mulia, sehingga mampu mempertahankan hubungan antar umat beragama yang harmonis. Selain itu, pendidikan agama juga berfungsi untuk menumbuhkan kemampuan peserta didik untuk memaahami, menghargai dan mempraktikkan nilai-nilai agama dalam ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi serta seni. Pengembangan pendidikan agama berbasis school culture di sekolah umum adalah solusi alternatif atas problematika yang sebenarnya bersifat klasik, namun hingga kini belum juga terselesaikan dengan baik, sehingga pada gilirannya akan menjadi persoalan yang berkesinambungan hingga dari satu periode ke periode berikutnya yaitu problematika alokasi waktu yang sempit yakni tiga jam untuk SD, 2 jam tatap muka untuk SMP dan SMA/SMK (per-jam bukan 60 menit tetapi 40 menit) dan problematika multikultural didalamnya pluralitas agama. Implementasi pengembangan pendidikan agama berbasis school culture di sekolah umum memuat prinsip pengembangan, melalui proses pembelajaran, penilaian hasil belajar, dan indikator penilaian sekolah dan kelas.
Pantang Larang in The Sepinggan Village Muslim Community from The Perspective of Character Education
Authors: Kurniawan Syamsul
Published: February 2017

The focus of this research is on pantang larang (taboos or superstitions in Malay culture) which serves as local wisdom of the Muslim community in Sepinggan village. It is examined from the perspective of character education. As previous research  indicates that the Muslim community in this area has a lot of local wisdom which includes values or a set of unwritten rules about behavior and  interaction between  individuals in daily life. Among them is pantang larang which contains values or moral message, especially in the context of relationship with God, with oneself and with other creatures of God, that should be manifested in thoughts, attitudes, feelings, words and deeds so as to correspond to norms, manners, and adat (customs). In other words, the Sepinggan Village Muslim community uses pantang larang as a medium as a basis for character building.Fokus penelitian ini adalah pantang larang (tabu atau takhayul dalam budaya Melayu) yang berfungsi sebagai kearifan lokal dari komunitas Muslim di desa Sepinggan. Hal ini diteliti dari perspektif pendidikan karakter. Seperti penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa komunitas Muslim di daerah ini memiliki banyak kearifan lokal yang mencakup nilai-nilai atau seperangkat aturan tidak tertulis tentang perilaku dan interaksi antar individu dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Di antaranya adalah pantang larang yang berisi nilai-nilai atau pesan moral, terutama dalam konteks hubungan dengan Tuhan, dengan diri sendiri dan dengan makhluk Allah lainnya, yang harus diwujudkan dalam pikiran, sikap, perasaan, perkataan dan perbuatan sehingga sesuai dengan norma-norma, sopan santun, dan adat (kebiasaan). Dengan kata lain, masyarakat Muslim Desa Sepinggan menggunakan pantang larang sebagai media sebagai dasar untuk membangun karakter.
Perfil nutricional en niños menores de cinco años de comunidades afrodescendientes del Paraguay
Authors: Sánchez-Bernal Susana , Riveros-Sasaki Kaori , Alderete-Peralta Virginia , Bravard-Radice Carolina
Published: February 2017

Background: In Paraguay, little is known about the Afro-descendant population. It is important to know about their nutritional status, mainly in childhood, to guide appropriate action. Objective: To determine the nutritional profile of children under five years from the African descendants’ communities in Paraguay and its associated factors. Material and methods: A cross-sectional and observational design with analytical component was developed. It involved healthy male and female children under five years old, with at least one African descendant as immediate family. Dietary habits and nutritional status (WHO criteria) were assessed. WHO Anthro and SPSS 16.0 software were used. Results: 150 children were included. The median of age was 26.9 months (1.2-59.9 m), and 50.7% were males. The median maternal age was 28.3 years (16-49 years). Children with Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF, n=119) had a mean duration of 3.5±1.8 months (1-7m). 26.9% were exclusively breastfed during six months. The starting of complementary feeding was on average 5.2 months. The underweight prevalence (UW, zP/E <- 2SD) was 7.3% (n=11). The acute malnutrition (AM, zP/T <-2 SD) was 1.3% (n=2). The chronic malnutrition prevalence (CM, zT/E <-2SD) was 12% (n=18) and the obesity prevalence was 6.7% (n=10). There was no association of nutritional status by sex and age of children, residence area, maternal education or EBF time (p>0.05). Children with UW had a lower average of age of onset of complementary feeding (1.7 vs 4.9 months, p˂0.0001) compare with their pairs without malnutrition. Conclusion: Chronic malnutrition was the most prevalent chronic disease affecting over 1 in 10 children. Early initiation of complementary feeding could be a risk factor for malnutrition.
Capacidad aeróbica y su relación con parámetros de la condición física saludable en escolares
Authors: Guillamón Andrés Rosa , García-Cantó Eliseo , Pérez Soto Juan José , Rodríguez García Pedro Luís
Published: February 2017

Background and objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between aerobic capacity and other parameters determining fitness in primary school. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, 298 schoolchildren (139 males and 159 females) aged 8-12. Body composition (weight and height) and physical fitness (capacity, motor aerobic and musculoskeletal) was assessed by ALPHA-Fitness battery. Aerobic capacity and body mass index (under/normal-weight and overweight/obesity) were categorized using standard criteria. The variable motor / muscle overall capacity was calculated, and the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) was indirectly estimated.  Results: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) found that men have better values in the test 4x10m (p <0.001), longitudinal jump (p <0.001), Course-Navette (p <0.001) and in VO2max (p <0.001). The ANOVA test showed that schoolchildren with better aerobic capacity have lower weight and body mass index (p <0.001 for both), better performance in the test longitudinal jump (p <0.001) and better overall motor / muscle capacity, and increased VO2max (p <0.001 for both). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that schoolchildren with healthy cardiorespiratory fitness had better physical fitness and are more likely to have healthy anthropometric parameters.
Reliability of the digital and printed format of a modified version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in college students
Authors: Nuñez Isabel Cristina , Perilla Leonardo , Villarreal Diana Mercedes , Gómez Gustavo Andrés
Published: February 2017

Background: Programs that promote regular physical activity (PA) require reliable PA measurements methods to establish their effectiveness. Objective: To determine the test-retest reliability of digital and print format of International Physical Activity Questionnaire and to establish the reliability between both presentation formats. Methods: The digital and print format questionnaires were self-administered twice to a sample of 76 college students (20.6 ± 2.8 years), 4-7 days later they completed the formats again. Test-retest and between formats reliability was analyzed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Kappa index (wK). Agreement between measurements was established by Bland-Altman method (B&A). Results: Test-retest reliability with ICC was excellent for both formats (digital: 0.77, print: 0.82) and acceptable by wK (digital: 0.61, print: 0.71). Agreement between measurements for both formats was low for PA vigorous and moderate categories. Between formats, reliability was excellent for first and second measurement. Conclusions: Although ICC confirmed excellent test-retest reliability, B&A showed a low level of agreement between measurements. Between formats reliability was excellent, and both formats provide similar information.
Validez y reproducibilidad de la prueba Back-Saver Sit and Reach en niñas de 7 y 8 años
Authors: Boneth-Collante Milena , Ariza-García Claudia Lucía , Corredor-Vargas Julián David , Villamizar-Niño Andrea Paola , Hijuelos-Cárdenas Martha Liliana
Published: February 2017

Background: The back saver sit and reach (BSSR) test is probably the most frequently quantitative tool used to estimate hamstring flexibility in the school and physical-sporting field due to its simplicity and quickly implementation. However, there is limited scientific evidence to justify its use in colombian girls. Objective: To assess the validity and intra-rater reliability of the BSSR in girls of a school from Bucaramanga. Mathodology: A study of evaluation of diagnostic technology was done in 64 girls (7-8 years), selected by convenience. BSSR test and straight leg raising test (SLRT) were conducted on two consecutive occasions by the same researchers. It was calculed the Pearson (r) or intraclass (ICC) correlation coefficient with their respective confidence intervals (95% CI 95%). Results: The global validity was good (r=0.61 (95% CI 0.43-0.75) – r=0.66 (95% CI 0.49-0.78)), while intra-rater reliability was very good in the left lower limb [ICC= 0.90 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.96)] and right lower limb [ICC = 0.88 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95)]. Conclusion: BSSR test has good reliability and validity for assessing lower limb flexibility in girls aged 7 to 8 years.
Efecto de la educación para la salud en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del centro de salud de Atotonilco de Tula, Hidalgo, México
Authors: Hernández Patricia , Muñíz Gabriela Maldonado , García Claudia Atala Trejo , López Benjamín , Cano-Estrada Araceli
Published: February 2017

Introduction: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus faces the task of adapting to discomfort and loss of physical control, as well as changes in appearance. The treatment aims to relieve symptoms, maintain metabolic control, prevent complications and improve quality of life. Goal: to evaluate the effect of a program of health education in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as part of non-pharmacological treatment. Methodology: a before-after quasi-experimental design was conducted. 13 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Socio-demographic aspects and their level of knowledge about the disease were assessed. They received an educational program regarding nutrition, exercise and stress management. This program consisted of 16 sessions of two hours. Measurements of glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) were performed before and after the intervention. Results: the educational program had positive effects because the results before the workshop showed that 61.5% of participants had poor-regular knowledge about the disease and its care, plus 84.6% of participants obtained percentages of HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. After the educational program, 100% of patients achieved a good level of knowledge and only 53.8% of the population reached an HbA1c level ≥ 6.5%. Conclusion: the educational program helps the patient cope in a better way their condition.
Barreras y facilitadores para el establecimiento de hábitos alimentarios, modelo Póngale Vida®
Authors: Gómez-Alpízar Ana Raquel , González-Urrutia Ana Rocío , Flores-Castro Ofelia , Fernández-Rojas Xinia
Published: February 2017

Introduction: The Preschool Cycle is a period of changes in nutritional status and eating behavior, constituting a fundamental stage for the development of healthy eating habits, where the family plays a major role. Objective: Identify the main barriers and facilitators for healthy eating in preschool age, with the purpose of designing strategies to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted under a mixed approach, with a descriptive and transversal type. Sixty parents or caregivers of preschool children who were part of the model during 2014 at the Mariano Cortés School (urban) and Canada School (rural), completed the questionnaire and twenty-five participated in the focus groups (one focus group in each school). Results: The barriers that the parents and caregivers faced daily included: food rejection by the child, the influence of peers and even the attitudes of adults who share with the child while eating. The facilitators that encourage healthy eating in this stage of life were: establish clear rules when eating, offer a variety of foods and explain to the child the importance of eating fruits and vegetables in a simple way. Conclusion: The barriers and facilitators to promote healthy eating in this stage of the lifetime, must be include as part of future strategies for the prevention of childhood obesity.
Variabilidad de la presión arterial en pacientes normotensos sometidos a cirugía bucal ambulatoria
Authors: Núñez Mendieta Heriberto Atanacio , Di Tore Aquino Rubén , Mico Guillermo Antonio , Pratt Giosa Wilma Paola , Pratt Giosa Julio Cesar , Keim Meden Liz Violeta
Published: February 2017

Background: A dental appointment can be stressful for patients, especially if this involves a surgical procedure. Factors such as pain and catecholamines present in local anesthesia can cause a change of values of blood pressure (BP). The hypertensive peak is a sudden rise in BP and can occur even in a person usually normotensive by a stressful situation. Objective: To determine the variability of BP in normotensive patients attending the Department of Oral Surgery III Course of the Faculty of Dentistry at the National University of Asuncion. Methods: Descriptive observational study design. The PA was obtained by auscultation method by members of the Department of Physiology of the Faculty of Dentistry at the National University of Asuncion during different stages of the surgical procedure, in 109 patients aged 18 to 67 years who presented indicating teeth extraction. Results: 95.4% (104) of the patients showed variation in the values of BP during the surgical procedure. In 77% of the variation thereof within 5 minutes after local anesthesia, in 18% immediately after tooth extraction and 5% in the immediate postoperative period was observed. Conclusions: In most patients, BP variation was observed during the oral outpatient surgical procedure and surgical stage more often variation was within 5 minutes after administering local anesthesia.
Trisomía parcial 9p derivada de una translocación recíproca 9;15, materna. Reporte de casos
Authors: Torres Elodia , Rodríguez Stella , Monjagata Norma , Fernández Silvia , De Herrreros María Beatriz NP , Meza Graciela
Published: February 2017

Objectives: to highlight the importance of performing karyotype in children with congenital malformations in order to have a confirmatory diagnosis, in parents to exclude the possibility of being carriers of chromosomal abnormalities and perform the genetic counseling. Clinical cases description: Female patient with 3 years and 2 months old to whom karyotype was performed by global neurodevelopmental delay and microcephaly, and her mother with 34 years old without any clinical manifestations, to both patients, lymphocyte culture and chromosomal analysis with a High Resolution Banding techniques GTG and C were performed. The mother’s karyotype was 46,XX,t(9;15)(q10;q10)(p10;p10),add14p. The father’s karyotype was normal, 46,XY, and the girl’s karyotype resulted in a pure Trisomy 9p:  47,XX,+del(9)(q11). Discussion: This chromosomal rearrangement in mother included a nonhomologous reciprocal translocation between the long arms of pair chromosomes 9 and 15 and between the short arms of the same chromosomes, additional to it, an unknown origin material was also observed in short arm from one chromosome of the 14 pair. In meiosis of this type of rearrangement, the father’s normal homologous chromosomes are paired with the mother’s translocated chromosomes and as a result of 3:1 segregation a gamete with one chromosome else was originated that after fertilization resulted in an unbalanced translocation confirming the pure trisomy in the patient.
Fibroma Osificante Periférico. Reporte de un caso clínico
Authors: Vallejos Duarte Karen Nair , Jacquett Toledo Ninfa Lucia
Published: February 2017

Introducción: Fibroma Osificante Periférico, una lesión pseudotumoral, considerada dentro de las hiperplasias reactivas simples, las cuales en general tienen una causa definida y son, con frecuencia reversibles. Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico de una lesión en un paciente, que se manifestó como lesión radiolúcida y asintomática. Su diagnóstico diferencial, el cual está basado en las manifestaciones clínicas y en el estudio radiográfico convencional, es controvertido. Descripción del caso: Se presentó el caso clínico en un paciente de género masculino con 51 años de edad, con una lesión localizada en la zona incisivo-canino del maxilar, cuyos aspectos eran sugestivos de granuloma telangiectásico. Previa valoración clínica y radiográfica, se sometió al paciente a resección quirúrgica de la lesión y fue enviada para un examen histopatológico, evidenciando material osteoide compacto, revelando así el diagnóstico final, fibroma osificante periférico. Conclusión: El profesional odontólogo, debe poseer conocimiento y la capacidad de manejo clínico de patologías bucales, para emitir un correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento, para ello es imprescindible la realización de una biopsia, para evitar posibles controversias entre el diagnóstico clínico e histológico.
A Three-Dimensional Reservoir, Wellbore, and Hydraulic Fracturing Simulator that is Compositional and Thermal, Tracks Proppant and Water Solute Transport, Includes Non-Darcy and Non-Newtonian Flow, and Handles Fracture Closure
Authors: McClure Mark W. , Kang Charles A.
Published: February 2017

We present a three-dimensional reservoir, wellbore, and hydraulic fracturing simulator with the following capabilities: (1) compositional fluid model, (2) multiphase flow, (3) thermal, (4) proppant transport with gravitational settling, bulk slurry gravitational convection, hindered settling, clustered settling, and the effect of proppant concentration on slurry viscosity, (5) solute transport, (6) non-Newtonian fluid rheology with the modified power law (capable of representing the low shear rate viscosity plateau), (7) non-Darcy flow in the fractures, and (8) the ability to handle fracture closure. The simulator is still a work-in-progress; additional features are planned in future work. The simulator is a practical tool for designing hydraulic fracturing treatments and predicting future production. The combination of reservoir and fracturing simulation enables: (1) comparison of proposed frac designs on the basis of predicted production, (2) more realistic simulation of pressure drawdown in the fracture during production by using flow equations designed for fracture flow, (3) description of processes involving tight coupling of production and stimulation, such as refracturing, and (4) avoidance of tedious handoffs between separate fracturing and reservoir simulation codes. We develop general-purpose constitutive equations for fracture transport that are realistic for mechanically open or closed fractures and for all values of proppant mass per fracture area. In limiting cases, the equations reduce to well-known constitutive equations, such as Darcy's law, the cubic law, and Forchheimer's law. Between limiting cases, the equations smoothly transition between governing regimes. The current model is applicable for hydraulic fracturing in formations that do not exhibit strong fracture network "complexity" during stimulation. Modeling stimulation of secondary fractures requires special considerations that are not implemented in the current version of the code. We demonstrate the model capabilities with a generic simulation of a single-stage frac job from a vertical well, followed by production. After the injection of a pad, water is injected with 60 mesh proppant. This is followed by lower rate injection of water gelled with guar and 20 mesh proppant. The fracturing treatment generates a large, well-propped fracture. The fracture propagates below the water-hydrocarbon contact, resulting in significant watercut during production.
Molecular Diffusion Calculations in Simulation of Gasfloods in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Mohebbinia Saeedeh , Wong Terry
Published: February 2017

Molecular diffusion is a proven oil recovery mechanism in fractured reservoirs. Neglecting diffusion during the simulation of gas injections can lead to underestimated oil recoveries. This is particularly important in fractured reservoirs with low permeabilities. This paper presents the implementation of a diffusion model in a reservoir simulator. The implementation is verified with discrete fracture and dual-porosity model cases. The adopted diffusion model is based on irreversible thermodynamics. It uses full matrices of diffusion coefficients and chemical potential gradients as the driving force. To evaluate how much diffusion is dominant during fluid flow in fractured reservoirs, a form of the Péclet number is proposed as the ratio of characteristic times of diffusion to gravity drainage for a given reservoir and fluid properties. The incremental oil recovery from gas injection simulation results confirms the flow regime predicted by the Péclet number. This paper also examines the performance of simulations that involve diffusion by using various solution schemes, including explicit, fully implicit, and partially implicit methods. Optimal performance is achieved with the partially implicit method in which diffusion coefficients are updated at each timestep, while driving forces are updated inside Newton iterations. The simulation results also show that constant diffusivities might not provide a good representative for diffusion coefficients during gasflooding. They can cause oil recovery overestimation or underestimation. The authors demonstrate a technique to forgo diffusion calculations in the regions with convection-dominated flow regimes to help reduce computational time of the simulations involving diffusion. The speedup obtained for gas injection cases with a wide range of Péclet numbers is also examined.
Fully Coupled Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanical Reservoir Simulation with Non-Isothermal Multiphase Compositional Modeling
Authors: Wang Shihao , Zhang Juncheng , Yang Zhenzhou , Yin Congbin , Wang Yonghong , Zhang Ronglei , Winterfeld Philip , Wu Yu-Shu
Published: February 2017

We present the development and application of a multi-physical simulator for evaluating the combined thermal-hydraulic-mechanical behaviors of petroleum reservoirs. The simulator combines non-isothermal multiphase compositional modeling with coupled geomechanical simulation module. The simulator consists of two major modules, namely, the fluid and heat flow module and the geomechanical module. An isenthalpic flash calculation approach is implemented in the fluid and heat flow module. In the flash calculation module, a nested approach is adopted, in which PT flash calculations are conducted in the inner loop and temperature is updated in the outer loop. The iteration is continued until both the fugacity and energy stopping criteria are satisfied. An improved version of the Beltrami-Michell equation, called extended Beltrami-Michell equation, has been derived and implemented in the geomechanical simulation module to simulate heterogeneous and plastic behavior of formation rocks. The three normal stress components inside the stress tensor are solved simultaneously with the pressure and enthalpy in the fluid/heat module, ensuring the mass/energy conservation. The newly-derived extension of the Beltrami-Michell equation is capable of handling materials with changing mechanical properties. This way, the simulator is able to capture the phase change as well as the poro-mechanical effects on rock deformation induced by fluid injection/extraction. The multi-physics simulator is built on an object-oriented parallel simulation framework, with a speedup factor up to hundreds.
A Practical Method to Mitigate Spurious Uncertainty Reduction in History Matching Workflows with Imperfect Reservoir Models
Authors: Sun Wenyue , Vink Jeroen C. , Gao Guohua
Published: February 2017

History matching within the Bayesian framework in practice assumes perfect simulation models. However, for real field cases this assumption may lead to a spurious reduction in forecast uncertainty when a large number of data is used to constrain imperfect reservoir models. To mitigate this spurious uncertainty reduction, we propose a new approach to automatically and consistently inflate the standard deviation of measurement errors for the constraining field data. In previous work we applied the simple mitigation strategy of using a single inflation factor for all data. In this work we propose to use information from the Hessian matrix evaluated at the maximum a posteriori (MAP) points in parameter space: data are regrouped into different categories according to their sensitivities with respect to principal directions of the posterior Hessian matrix. For each group a suitable inflation factor can then be estimated from the number of data and observed mismatches in that group. The proposed procedure is applied to a synthetic as well as a field scale model. The truth of the synthetic model is selected from one unconditional realizations of a real field model with three facies. Synthetic measured production data are generated by adding Gaussian noise to those predicted from the true simulation model. During the process of history matching, a few uncertain model parameters are artificially fixed to values that are inconsistent with the truth to mimic the unknown real field case and make the model imperfect. Numerical results indicate that the proposed approach is able to give a balanced and reasonable range of forecast uncertainty for the cases considered.
Impact of Capillary Pressure and Critical Property Shift due to Confinement on Hydrocarbon Production in Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Haider B. A. , Aziz K.
Published: February 2017

Interest in understanding the underlying physical mysteries that result in production from liquid rich shale (LRS) reservoirs is growing globally. Compositional modeling of fractured multiphase shale reservoirs is a complex process that is yet to be fully understood. Our quest in this work is to explore some of the key fundamentals of flow in nano-porous media. This study analyzes the impact of capillary pressure and critical property shifts due to the pore proximity effect on hydrocarbon production in multiple realistic scenarios of flow in shale reservoirs. While many past researches have attempted to show the significance of nano-forces in shale reservoirs, the actual impact that these have on large-scale hydrocarbon production is not fully understood. Response of wells in shale oil reservoirs is tied to both reservoir conditions and fluid system of interest. This work provides an assessment of the magnitude and the ultimate significance of the forces that arise in tight pores, using a fully compositional reservoir simulator. We studied the impact of capillary pressure amidst variations in pore size distributions, fluid composition, reservoir pressure conditions and the presence of fractures that are typical to shale reservoirs. In conventional compositional modeling phase behavior is assumed to be independent of capillary pressure. However, in the presence of nano-pores the magnitude of the differences in phase pressures can be very large. Here we present a systematic study of the influence of this phenomenon on recovery from shale reservoirs.

Our findings indicate that the impact of these nano-forces on hydrocarbon production is influenced by variations in shale reservoir/fluid properties. Shale reservoirs entail a great deal of geological uncertainty, and can contain a wide spectrum of hydrocarbon fluids that may range from low GOR black oil to dry gas. Further complications arise from uncertain pore size distribution and improperly characterized fracture networks.
Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanical Simulation of Caprock Failure and Fault Reactivation During CO2 Sequestration in Deep Saline Aquifers
Authors: Winterfeld P. H. , Wu Yu-Shu
Published: February 2017

An aquifer suitable for underground carbon dioxide sequestration needs to be overlain by sealing caprock because carbon dioxide is less dense than the native brine and would tend to rise upward. This paper presents a thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) reservoir simulator that is applicable to assessing the sealing capability of such caprock. The geomechanical portion consists of an equation for mean stress, derived from linear elastic theory for a thermo-poro-elastic system, and equations for stress tensor components that depend on mean stress and other variables. The fluid and heat flow portion of our simulator is for general multiphase, multicomponent, multi-porosity systems. We add the capability of simulating caprock failure scenarios, namely tensile failure, fracture and fault reactivation, and shear failure, to the formulation. We then show simulation examples for code verification and demonstration of its capabilities, including a simulation of caprock leakage from carbon dioxide injection, a demonstration of the simulator's ability to predict of shear failure, and a simulation an experiment of pressure-induced fracturing of a concrete block that includes tensile failure.