bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODERNITY AND CHANGING CULTURAL PATTERNS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Noreen Sidra , Khan Izhar Ahmad , Anjum Farkhanada , Ashraf Ejaz
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the Study: The present study is intended to determine the level of modernity and cultural change among university students. In addition, the study is also aimed to calculate the relationship between modernity and cultural change.

Methodology: Sequential mixed-method research approach is deployed in this study. Initially, the researcher used a quantitative research approach and surveyed the students using a cross-sectional survey design. A two-stage probability sampling technique was used, and a total of 420 students were selected using the stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling technique, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 version.

Principal Findings: The results indicated that modernity and cultural change is not uniform among the respondents, but they varied as per the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. However, it is more visible in the material aspect of life than the non-material aspect of the social life among the students. In addition, results also indicated a positive relationship between modernity and changing culture among students.

Applications of the study: The results and findings of the study draw the attention of policymakers and researchers to take necessary steps to increase the benefits of modernity and cultural change and decrease the negative consequences of modernity and cultural change. Special measures are needed to protect local indigenous culture as well.

Novelty/Originality of this Study: The contribution of this study is a university student and modernity in changing values most prominent tool that makes us able to survive in society is cultural patterns through which we learn all that we need to survive and learn behavior, norms, customs repetition of acceptable action, etc. In the nineteenth century, modernization involves culture, and hence it is clear that modern tends are changing old ties of culture.
Presentación
Authors: Bay Rasmussen Steffen
Published: May 2021

El proceso de integración europea ha evolucionado a través de crisis de gobernanza hacia una integración cada vez mayor de las sociedades europeas, provocando nuevas preguntas sobre la organización política del continente europeo. A la vez, las sociedades europeas se han hecho más diversas, haciendo surgir nuevos y complejos problemas de coexistencia. Ahora, Europa también debe gestionar las consecuencias de su modelo económico basado en el consumo de recursos finitos. Más allá de crisis y acontecimientos específicos, Europa se enfrenta, por tanto, a un desafío multifacético de sostenibilidad ecológica, democrática y social. Abordar los desafíos desde el punto de vista de la sostenibilidad significa ver la viabilidad ecológica, democrática y social a largo plazo de Europa como posible gracias a la reconstrucción continua de las sociedades europeas mediante prácticas culturales, sociales, económicas y políticas innovadoras, dentro de las limitaciones ecológicas definidas por los límites de nuestro planeta.
Sustainability as a “magic concept”
Authors: Ove Tøllefsen Trond
Published: May 2021

Sustainability studies have not been able to come up with a consensus conceptualization of “sustainability,” despite many attempts. This article asks what this conceptual confusion means. I do this through a (conceptual history) vertical analysis, and horizontal (discourse) analysis of the current use of the term. It finds that sustainability is a perfect fit for what Hupe and Pollit have called a “magic concept,” in that it is; broad, has a positive normative charge, imply consensus or at least the possibility of overcoming current conflicts, and has global marketability (2011: 643). This has both positive and negative effects: On the one hand, the popularity of the concept of sustainability has enabled an overarching discourse on the responsible use of natural resources. On the other hand, the concept is vulnerable to various strategic misuses, ranging from corporate greenwashing to Luddite passions. Based on a vertical analysis of the history of sustainability, this vagueness is not a coincidence: It was part of a political bargain at its birth, where environmental concerns were grafted onto an older discourse on “development” during the writing of the 1987 Brundtland report. Based on a horizontal analysis, this vagueness is now inherent to the concept and cannot be abandoned without losing the very magic qualities that make sustainability such a rallying point. This finding points to the conclusion that we should be cautious about how sustainability is wielded.

Received: 03 February 2021Accepted: 01 March 2021
Editorial. Métodos y metodologías en la investigación filosófica
Authors: Díez Fischer Francisco
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este dossier es presentar distintos métodos para hacer investigación en filosofía. Los motivos para asumir este trabajo residen en una serie de preguntas diversas que descansan sobre un mismo presupuesto de experiencia: los hombres pensamos de modos infinitamente heterogéneos, pero, en esa diversidad, parece haber unas formas más rigurosas que otras al dar razones y fundamentos sobre lo que se logra saber. Este principio, que sustenta la necesidad de formarse como investigador en cualquier ciencia, implica aprender metodologías concretas.
La actualidad del método hermenéutico de Friedrich Schleiermacher
Authors: Mancilla Muñoz Mauricio
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo exponer la actualidad del método hermenéutico de Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834) y mostrar su pertinencia para las investigaciones en el campo de las ciencias humanas. Uno de los supuestos advierte que la mayoría de los comentarios contemporáneos que se realizan a su programa hermenéutico parten de una “posición acrítica” y reproducen los supuestos trazados por la “lectura dominante” de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Esto fue posible por la falta de una “edición crítica” de la obra de Schleiermacher en relación con su hermenéutica, lo cual ha sido recientemente revertido con la publicación del volumen que aglutina sus Vorlesungen zur Hermeneutik und Kritik, que contiene un extenso número de notas y materiales adicionales. Se analizarán, a la luz de la edición crítica, algunos de sus conceptos fundamentales, como lenguaje, interpretación gramatical, interpretación técnico-psicológica, método adivinatorio, método comparativo, círculo del comprender, reconstrucción del discurso y comprensión como tarea infinita. En cuanto al modo concreto de proceder, se considera un análisis conceptual del conjunto de obras de Schleiermacher y una interpretación que, como se acaba de señalar, no se dejará determinar por los así llamados textos clásicos de la filosofía hermenéutica. Finalmente, el artículo concluye con algunas reflexiones sobre las novedosas posibilidades de la hermenéutica de Schleiermacher para el mundo contemporáneo.
Issues of the Development of Environmental and Natural Resource Laws of the Russian Federation in View of Modernization of Functioning of Public Government
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Land Law of the Tula State University PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kharkov Vladimir N.
Published: May 2021

Based on the analysis of the norms of the Russian Constitution in the context of the 2020 amendments aimed at modernizing the functioning of public authorities, the article considers topical issues of the development of constitutional principles of environmental protection and nature management in the light of problems of ensuring environmental safety and environmental well-being of Russian citizens; the article considers promising areas of legal support for environmentally sustainable development, one of which should be the consolidation of the responsibility of the Government of the Russian Federation to ensure effective activities in the field of environmental protection and nature management, which will contribute to the achievement of the national goals of environmental development.
Legal Issues of Tax Incentives as Areas of the Economic Regulation of Environmental Protection
Authors:   Lawyer, Andryushin Sergey V.
Published: May 2021

The article explores the possibilities of tax and legal incentives for solving environmental problems. The effectiveness of the existing environmental incentive tax legislation is examined.
On Prospects of Exercising of the Constitutional Power of the Government of the Russian Federation to Create the Conditions for the Development of a System of Environmental Education and Environmental Culture Fostering
Authors:   Deputy Head of the Department of Land and Environmental Law of the Russian State University of Justice PhD (Law), Vlasenko Valeriy N.
Published: May 2021

The article states that at the moment in Russia the legal regulation of relations on the formation of environmental education and the upbringing of environmental culture is declarative, fragmented, not ensuring the creation of a system of continuous, systematic and purposeful formation of a respectful attitude to natural resources. The author discusses the prospects for the implementation of the constitutional authority of the Government of the Russian Federation to create conditions for the development of the system of environmental education and the upbringing of environmental culture. This power, along with others, was introduced into the Constitution of the Russian Federation by the Law of the Russian Federation on an amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of March 14, 2020 N 1-FKZ. In the conclusion of the article, it is argued that in order for this power to be implemented, “to move away from declarativeness” and to lead to a qualitative increase in the level of ecological culture of the population, the Government of the Russian Federation needs to develop with the obligatory involvement of the scientific and environmental education community and adopt the concept of environmental education, which assumes continuous, systematic and purposeful formation of a respectful attitude towards nature, and, on its basis, to propose a system of legal, financial and organizational and technical forms that provide executive and administrative activities not only to create conditions for the development of environmental education and the upbringing of environmental culture, but also their real implementation for the purpose of environmentally safe sustainable development of Russia and the entire world community.
Problems of Legal Regulation of Changes in the Types of Land Plot Permitted Use in the Conditions of Abolition of Land Division into Categories
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Environmental, Land and Agrarian Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences LL.D., Associate Professor, Zemlyakova Galina L.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problems of the Institute of urban planning zoning, including those arising from changes in the types of permitted use of land plots in terms of the possible introduction of territorial zoning instead of dividing land into categories. Despite the fact that the bill on the abolition of land categories was never adopted by the State Duma, nevertheless, the President of the Russian Federation has repeatedly pointed out the need for such a law in his instructions to the Government of the Russian Federation. Due to the fact that according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the current version, the instructions of the President of the Russian Federation are a direct instruction to the Government of the Russian Federation, the author believes that in the near future the issue of the abolition of land categories will become relevant again. However, in order for such a law to be adopted and not cause a serious blow to the system of land turnover, the existing institution of urban zoning must be perfectly verified.
The History of the Establishment of the Legal Regime of Forest Fund Lands as a Separate Category
Authors:   Chief Specialist of the Legal Department of the Mosgradcenter State Public Institution of Moscow, Kovyrshina Elena I.
Published: May 2021

The article reviews the main historical steps of the origination of the forest fund land category as an independent land category and the establishment of its legal regime. The author identifies the reasons for the appearance of some peculiarities of the legal regime of lands of this category based on an analysis of legal acts of the Soviet period: forms of ownership of forest fund lands, grounds for restricted circulation of such lands, grounds for the use of forest fund lands, management of their use and protection. The paper establishes historical prerequisites for the interrelation between the legal regulation of the use and protection of forest fund lands and forests growing on such lands in the applicable laws.
Legal Issues of the Establishment (Redetermination) of the Coastline Location and the Economic Use of Surface Water Bodies
Authors:   Head of the Division of Legal Regulation of Educational Activities of the Legal Department of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration PhD (Law), Menkenov Aleksey V.
Published: May 2021

Legal protection of water bodies and ensuring a special regime of economic and other activities within the boundaries of their water protection zones presuppose a clear establishment of their coastline and entering information about it in the relevant state registers. The author studies the legal problems of revising the boundaries of water bodies associated with seasonal and long-term climatic fluctuations in the area of their water mirror. The author also suggested adding methods for economic use of surface water bodies.
Irrational Ecology: A Legal Aspect
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Environmental and Land Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) LL.D., Volkov Gennadiy A.
Published: May 2021

The article reviews the legal issues of the efficiency of protection of the ozone layer of the atmosphere and the environment in general in relation to the state regulation of circulation of ozone depleting substances, namely: chlorine and chlorine containing substances having been successfully used for disinfection for several centuries; in view of the flu epidemics and the COVID-19 pandemic, the author brings forward a version that they are caused by the irrational legal regulation of environmental protection and raises the issue of the need to change the environmental protection vector in international and national laws.
The Peculiarities of the Permitting Land Regulation Legal Regime
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Land, Labor and Environmental Law of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin PhD (Law), Gryada Eleonora A.
Published: May 2021

At the present stage of the land law development, issues concerning the type of legal regulation of land relations, the structure of its method, the ratio of the implemented methods of legal influence, despite their theoretical conservatism, are of particular importance and predetermine further trends in improving its standards. The article defines the peculiarities of the ratio of the main methods of legal influence (permissions and prohibitions) with a permissive type of regulation of land relations, as well as its influence on the process of internal differentiation of the land law standards. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the constitutional basis of the considered type of legal regulation and the peculiarities of the legislative objectification of prohibitions and permissions in regulatory legal acts that are the sources of the land law. We substantiate the conclusion that land legislation, as a form of objectification of permissions and prohibitions, at the present stage of its development is a system of regulatory legal acts of the transitional period, which requires the development of a conceptual framework based on a systematic approach to determining the content of land law institutions. It is proposed to consider a specific method of legal impact, implemented at various levels of standard regulation, as one of the criteria for segregation of a separate group of the land law standards into a legal institution.
Peculiarities of Proving Damage Caused in Some Civil Case Categories
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Donetsk Academy of Internal Affairs of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Donetsk People’s Republic, Derbisheva Olga A.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the General issues of the proof process, which includes: the concept of proof, the duty of proof, the relevance and admissibility of evidence, their specific assessment, the provision of evidence, court orders, as well as the means of proof. These issues are analyzed in the context of proving the harm caused in various categories of civil cases.
The Active Role of Court in Administrative Proceedings
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Arbitration, Civil and Administrative Law of the North Caucasus Institute (Branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (ARSUJ (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia)) Federal Judge Emeritus, PhD (Law), Avgustina Irina D.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes certain norms and institutions of administrative proceedings, the ratio of the activity of the court and the parties in the movement of an administrative case is determined, including in case of refusal of an administrative claim, an agreement on the reconciliation of the parties. The activity of the court in administrative proceedings must ensure a reasonable balance between public and private interests.
On Public Interest in a Criminal Procedure
Authors:   Presiding Judge of a Panel of Judges Judge of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kaminskiy Eduard S.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the concept and content of public interest in criminal proceedings. It is concluded that public interests are social needs recognized by the state and regulated by the norms of law, aimed at achieving public goods, the satisfaction of which ensures the integrity, stability and progressive development of society. The interests of society and the state are protected through a structured system of criminal proceedings, which is public in nature. The basis of public prosecution is criminal prosecution on behalf of the state. The content of public interest in criminal proceedings is: implementation of such a regime of investigation and resolution of criminal cases that allows to protect society from criminal attacks; protection of the rights and legitimate interests of persons involved in criminal procedure; refusal to apply excessive measures of responsibility to persons who have committed crimes, use of alternative methods of resolving criminal law conflicts.
Organizational and Legal Forms of Judicial Proceedings Using Remote Access Technologies
Authors:   Presiding Judge of the Krasninskiy District Court of the Smolensk Region, Kapustin Oleg A.
Published: May 2021

In this article, the platform approach to organizing access to the court is considered as providing citizens and organizations with the opportunity to carry out almost all organizational and procedural actions without being physically present in the courthouse. The organizational and legal forms of legal proceedings with the use of remote access technologies are considered in the context of a systematic change in procedural rules that consolidate the electronic format of legal proceedings and allow participation in the court session by using personal technical means of communication.
Relevancy of the Development of Methodology of Investigation of Crimes Hindering Exercising of Justice
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Procedure Law of the Krasnodar Branch of the Russian State University of Justice (RSUJ), Abramova Polina V.
Published: May 2021

Within the framework of this article, the applicant, on the basis of the dissertation research, submits for public discussion a number of issues that, from the author’s point of view, are quite important and relevant aspects related to crimes that obstruct the administration of justice. It is noted that at the moment, investigative and judicial authorities have an objective need for methodological materials, scientific and tactical-forensic recommendations for effective and rapid investigation of this category of criminal acts. Along with the noted author on the basis of examples from the criminal records allows a more detailed approach to the issue of relevance raised in the aspects: no in over a long period of elaborate regulatory framework governing joint activities of different departments of bodies of internal Affairs to combat reporting category of crime; the lack of experience and expertise in the identification, disclosure, investigation and prevention of the investigated criminal acts; unsolved problems of scientific and methodological complex forensic and operational search support for the disclosure and investigation of the studied category of crimes. All of the above allows the author of this article to talk about the objective need, the needs of today’s judges, investigative and operational staff.
Issues of the Admissibility of Evidence in a Jury Trial
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Law Institute of the Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs PhD (Law), Tsvetkova Elena V.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of recognizing the inadmissibility of evidence when considering a criminal case by a jury. It points to a violation of the adversarial principle and proposes an algorithm for resolving issues of this kind that are not resolved in the preliminary hearing and are resolved at the stage of the judicial investigation.
Establishment of the Document Issue Period: The Theory and Practice of Use in Judicial Proceedings
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Expert Activities of the Law Institute of the Chelyabinsk State University (CSU) Retired Police Colonel, PhD (Law), PhD (Engineering) Associate Professor, Popova Tatyana V.
Published: May 2021

The determination of the timeframe in which a document was created is applied to verify the authenticity of documents in the investigation of fraud committed by using forged documents. It is known that the document aging process affects the substrate characteristics, the study of which requires physical and chemical research of document details. This article discusses the techniques employed to examine inks, pen pastes, gel, stamp ink and other materials that created the document. Knowledge of methods for determining the age of documents will help investigators, judges and lawyers better select experts and specialists, conduct interrogations, and evaluate their conclusions.
The General Rules of Procedure Concerning Disputes in the Second Quarter of the XIX Century According to the Code of Civil Laws
Authors:   Professor of the Department of International and Public Law of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation LL.D., Associate Professor, Rozhnov Artemiy A.
Published: May 2021

The article represents a description of the general judicial proceedings in litigious cases in the 2nd quarter of the 19th century according to the Code of civil laws of the Digest of laws of the Russian Empire. The author reviews such problems as participants in the process, judicial representation, order of applying to the court, judicial proceedings and evidence.
New Organizational Forms of Exercising of Justice: The Experience of Courts in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Head of the Department of Arrangement of Judicial and Law Enforcement Activities of the Russian State University of Justice LL.D., Associate Professor, Burdina Elena V.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents some conclusions regarding the introduction of new organizational forms of justice in the context of digitalization of courts. As an empirical base, the experience of the judicial system of the Republic of Kazakhstan was used to create the “Judicial Office” service as a single electronic window for citizens’ access to all judicial services. The article argues that modern scientific doctrines and procedural norms based on them should be built based on the recognition of the value of the judicial function. The concepts “court as a function” and “court as a single technological platform” along with the traditional and unique approach “court as a building” have theoretical perspective and practical significance. Access to the court should be ensured by the creation of a judicial platform that allows one to systematically, fully and safely meet the needs of citizens in justice using the one-stop-shop method.
A Productive Classification and Conceptual Organization of Functions of a Presiding Judge of a District Court
Authors:   Assistant Judge of the Chertanovo District Court of Moscow, Kovalenko Anna O.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the current legislation that establishes the powers and functions of the Chairman of the district court. The relevance of the topic under consideration is due to the lack of an integrated system and the fragmentation of the functions assigned to the Chairman. The author developed their productive classification, as well as created a conceptual organization for the implementation of the functions and powers of the Chairman of the district court.
The Professor Kh.D. Alikperov’s Four Level Crime Combating System (Alikperov’s Criminal Quartet)
Authors:   Chairman of the Independent Trade Union of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan LL.D., Professor, Kurbanov Gabil S.
Published: May 2021

A review of a discussion started in the Russian Judge journal on the monograph by Professor Kh.D. Alikperov Electronic Technology of Penal Measure Determination and an interesting dialogue between the monograph author and its reviewers are presented to the reader’s attention.
Judicial Authorities as an Object of Public Control in Russia: Constitutional Law Aspects
Authors:   Head of the Department of State and International Law of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin LL.D., Professor, Savchenko Marina S. , Kuemzhieva Svetlana A. ,   Head of the Department of Private International and Entrepreneurial Law Dean of the Law Faculty of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin PhD (Law), Professor, Goncharov Vitaliy V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of State and International Law of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin PhD (Law)
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the constitutional and legal analysis of the judiciary as an object of public control in the Russian Federation. Object of research: public relations related to the organization and implementation of public control in the Russian Federation. Subject of research: the current legislation regulating both the organization and implementation of public control, and the formation and functioning of judicial authorities in Russia, as well as the Russian legal doctrine in the field of organization and implementation of public control in relation to the activities of courts. The article develops and substantiates the author’s definition of public control in the Russian Federation. The author substantiates the system of measures necessary to ensure the full organization and implementation of public control over the judiciary in Russia. This article uses a number of methods of scientific research, in particular: analysis; synthesis; historical; comparative law; classification; modeling.
The Truth from the Standpoint of the Relativity Theory and Quantum Mechanics
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Institute of Economics and Culture PhD (Law), Maslov Igor V.
Published: May 2021

Аccording to the «principles» of the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, the existing state of the system cannot completely determine its future state, and accordingly, even in the absence of false information, it is impossible to restore the picture of the previous state. Newton’s physics and formal logic recognize only two results of any study “proved” or “not proved”, although there are four “likely”, “unlikely”, “uncertain”, “meaningless” and on this gnoseology basis it is proposed to build the institution of evidence law.
The Transformation of Chancellery Practices in Judicial Proceedings of the Russian Empire in the Late XIX to the Early XX Century
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the Northwestern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice PhD (Law), Latysheva Natalya A.
Published: May 2021

“Clerical techniques” in judicial proceedings are its integral part; through their implementation, the temporal features of the organization of the documenting and clerical system are fully determined. In the late XIX — early XX centuries, in the course of analyzing the introduction of judicial reform in 1864, against the backdrop of an objectively developing global process of the formation of anthropogenic civilization, a need arose to discuss the «stationery techniques» that had developed in Russia. The innovative ideas of this period were focused on practical feasibility and convenience in the process of ensuring legal proceedings. Some of the proposals have found their practical implementation.
Judicial Order in a Civil and Administrative Procedure: Some Challenging Issues
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University PhD (Law), Yaroshenko Tatyana V.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the problematic issues of order production in the civil and administrative process, defines the concept and essence of a court order. The features of the order production in the civil and administrative process are analyzed, some proposals are made to improve the legislation.
The Constitutionalism Doctrine in Criminal Proceedings: The Russian and U.S. Experience
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Criminology of the MGIMO University Doctor of Juridical Science, Associate Professor, Shestak Viktor A. , Shaynurov Vadim A. ,   International Law School of the MGIMO University
Published: May 2021

Тhe authors have researched the role of the doctrine of constitutionalism in criminal proceedings, as well as identified modern tendencies in the development of criminal proceedings in the sphere of protection of human rights and freedoms. Besides, on the basis of detailed analysis of the US legislation, the peculiarities of implementation of the principle of constitutionalism in criminal proceedings were identified. The US judicial practice that had a significant influence on guarantees of constitutional rights and freedoms of a person was considered.
Design and Conception of Online Exams With Standard Software in Social Science Courses
Authors: Bongard Stefan , Friesenhahn Andreas , Wolff Jacob
Published: May 2021

The 2020-2021 Coronavirus pandemic has had a significant impact on teaching worldwide, prompting a mass conversion to online instruction. Universities have been greatly impacted by this. While the conversion of classic in-person, presence-based teaching formats, such as lectures and seminars, to online teaching went relatively smoothly, written exams still represent a particular challenge. Due to the nature of online instruction, it would be helpful to have online exams that can be taken from any location. The goal of the QLU-eQuiz-Project is to use standard software to create a testing environment in which university examinees can take online exams. This is not just a technical stopgap solution to the current, pressing problems of conducting examinations online during the pandemic; the project also aims to address future development toward hybrid forms, focusing on exams for social science courses – specifically, here, courses in Logistics and Business Administration. Furthermore, the project seeks to identify problems that can occur in the context of online exams and to discuss proposed solutions. For this, a series of mock and "real" online exams were conducted as QLU-eQuiz exams, both with smaller and larger groups. Part of the project compares grades on online exams with previous in-person exams.
Individuals’response to COVID-19 Restrictions in Europe: A Snapshot of Today and Hopes for Tomorrow
Authors: Ergün Kutl
Published: May 2021

This study presents the individuals' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering that many institutions and working places were closed due to the pandemic, the possible impact of COVID-19 restrictions on individuals was assessed. The study examined the number and frequencies of respondents in the survey including demographic variables (gender, income), and future expectation on economic situation and psychological conditions. There were 218 individuals from 24 European countries participating in the survey. The percentage of respondents, discovering personal strength (previously unaware of) during restrictions was 40%. This is a high percentage showing that isolation may contribute to self-discovery. Despite annoying restrictions, many individuals expressed their economic optimism for the future. Also, most of the participants stated that they had not enough money during these restrictions. Also, this study shows that trust in governments, the European Union (EU) and the World Health Organization (WHO) was low during the pandemic restrictions. The results of this study might be useful and taken into account for potential future waves of this pandemic and possible new pandemics that may occur in the future.
APPLICATION OF HYPERVALENT IODINE COMPOUNDS IN ADVANCED GREEN TECHNOLOGIES (IN PRESS)
Authors: Zhdankin V.
Published: May 2021

This review summarizes industrial applications of inorganic and organic polyvalent (hypervalent) iodine compounds. Inorganic iodate salts have found some application as a dietary supplements and food additives. Iodine pentafluoride is used as industrial fluorinating reagent, and iodine pentoxide is a powerful and selective oxidant that is particularly useful in analytical chemistry. Common organic hypervalent iodine reagents such as (dichloroiodo)benzene and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene are occasionally used in chemical industry as the reagents for production of important pharmaceutical intermediates. Iodonium salts have found industrial application as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerizations. Various iodonium compounds are widely used as precursors to [18F]-fluorinated radiotracers in the Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Effect of drought stress on crop physiology: A mini-review
Authors: Saini Pradip Kumar
Published: May 2021

Global climate change, in the form of increasing temperature and fluctuating soil moisture conditions including drought stress, is projected to decrease the crop physiology of food crops over the next 50 years. Drought stress is an effect of considered as the lowering in the rate of respiration or decrease in the level of photosynthesis. This mini-review tells us the latest information about the drought stress and its effect on the growth of the plant with relation to photosynthesis and water and the mechanism of adaptation. There are numerous ways of the mechanism of adaptation that allows the plant to tolerate the drought stress condition. This mini-review we can prove the statement of different authors on the tolerance of drought stress and the slight changes in the environmental conditions may lead to the fast flexibility of the cell metabolism is the first and main step in the avoidance of drought stress.
Postpartum acyclicity and its management in bovines
Authors: Pande Megha , Kumar Suresh , Chand N. , Prasad N. , Saha S. , Tyagi S. , Arya S.
Published: May 2021

Prolonged ovarian acyclicity after parturition is one of the major problems faced by Bovine (Cattle and Buffalo) owners under field conditions. The present study was conducted on pre-selected 18 healthy and high milk producing crossbred cattle and Murrah graded buffaloes of Meerut region that did not show heat signs for 60-120 days’ post-partum. The ultrasonographic studies and gynaecological examination of genitalia further revealed absence of any perceptible follicular or luteal structures (smooth ovaries). The animals were initially dewormed using Fenbendazole (5 mg/Kg Body weight) followed by oral supplementation of chelated mineral mixture (50 g/day/animal for 30 days). Furthermore, they received injection of Tonophosphan (Intervet, @ 10 mL I/M /animal/week) for four weeks. Finally, after completing the above treatment, all were given an injection of GnRH (@ 5 mL I/M, Receptal®VET) and the treated animals were monitored for oestrus detection. The oestrus was induced in 13 out of 18 bovines (72.22 %). Overall, the study revealed that the combined effect of dewormer, mineral supplementation, Tonophosphan and GnRH injection could be used successfully to induce heat and resume cyclicity in high yielding postpartum acyclic bovines. It also reflected the necessity for the need of improvement in the plane of nutrition in high yielding animals.
Cow Welfare: Only Sustainable Gaushalas can ensure it
Authors: Singh Ajmer , Chandel B.S. , Chauhan A.K. , Kamboj M.L.
Published: May 2021

Cow service occupies a very important place in the Indian psyche. The number of indigenous cows is continuously falling in India. They are released as soon as they become unviable to the owner. Due to this, the problem of stray animals starts to get deeper which is further deepened by the law on cow slaughter ban . Gaushalas are considered to be the best option for the management of ever-growing stray cattle. Even before this problem arose, gaushalas existed in India to protect and maintain the cow dynasty for decades. Since gaushalas have to maintain less remunerative animals and their primary purpose of establishment has been the welfare of the cow, they need to be self-sufficient. Thus, it is important that their level of sustainablility is studied so that those indicators that have room for improvement can be indentified. Therefore, this paper addresses various aspects related to the welfare level of cow in the state of Haryana. It was found that net income is higher in Type A (financially supported by village communities) and larger size . To study the Sustainablility, the Combined Sustainability Index (CSI) has been developed and is higher in large-sized gaushalas (0.41). The over all CSI was found to be 0.37, indicating low persistence of cowsheds in the study area. Animal welfare score were also measured and the correlation coefficient between welfarescore and CSI found more in Type A and larger sized.
Effect of low poly tunnel on the yield and economics of bottle gourd
Authors: Kumari Anop , Jat Arjun Singh , Choudhary Mahesh
Published: May 2021

The main objective of Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) is to demonstrate newly released crop production technologies and its management practices at the farmer’s field under different agro-climatic regions and farming situations. Realizing the importance of frontline demonstrations in transfer of off season production technologies in bottle gourd, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Maulasar, Nagaur-II conducted FLDs at farmers’ field to assess the economic feasibility of technology. Result of a comparative evaluation of low poly tunnel technology and traditional growing method of bottle gourd showed that the average yield of demonstrations was found to be 298 q /ha, whereas, for local crop, it was found to be 245 q/ha. The gross returns (Rs. 238400/ha), net returns (Rs. 138200/ha) and BCR (2.38) ratio were also recorded highest in bottle gourd grown under low tunnel compared to local check. The total bottle gourd yield and net profit per unit area were above normal when grown under low tunnels as the produce reached the market early avoiding the market glut.
Drudgery reduction in operation of cleaner-cum-grader: An ergonomic intervention
Authors: Potdar R.R. , Tiwari P.S. , Shukla Prabhakar , Patel Anurag , Jyoti Bikram
Published: May 2021

A pedal-operated cleaner-cum-grader having common bicycle chain-sprocket mechanism to get the speeds of 240 and 720 rpm of eccentric shaft and blower shaft, respectively for the desired cleaning/grading of grains was developed earlier by CIAE, Bhopal. Also, in order to utilize the human energy in more efficient way through pedalling mode, CIAE has recently developed a dynapod. The dynapod is a pedal operated rotary device, which can be used as an interface between human worker and any rotary-type machine. The developed dynapod was used to operate the cleaner-cum-grader to assess the drudgery reduction in its operation in comparison to original pedalling mechanism. The dynapod was interfaced with the cleaner-cum-grader by carrying out minor modifications in the original unit. Eight male agricultural workers with mean stature and weight as 168.4 cm and 54.4 kg, respectively participated in the study. The cleaner-cum-grader was used for cleaning and grading of soybean grains. Heart rate of the workers was measured during operation of cleaner-cum-grader using the dynapod as well as the original pedalling mechanism. Mean working heart rate during operation of machine with original pedalling mechanism was 114 beats min-1 as against 108 beats min-1 in case of pedalling with dynapod. The work pulse (ÄHR) with the original pedalling mechanism was 35 beats min-1 as against 29 beats min-1 during pedalling with dynapod. The output capacity of the machine increased from 303 kg h-1 in case of original pedalling mechanism to 345 kg h-1 with dynapod. Considering the cardiac cost as well as output of the machine, the drudgery reduction by using dynapod with cleaner-cum-grader was about 25.4% as compared to the original pedalling mechanism.
Assessing Utilization, Benefits, and Shortfalls of Lactation Resources for Physician Trainees and Other Healthcare Providers
Authors: Apple Rachel , Marincola Smith Paula , Craft Patricia , Roumie Christianne , Terhune Kyla
Published: May 2021

Objective

There is a need to support healthcare providers, including physician-mothers at all training levels, related to breastfeeding and expressing breast milk. This study was designed to understand the attitudes and preferences of lactating employees regarding current lactation resources at an academic medical center.

Methods

Cross-sectional survey. Respondents reported their satisfaction with current lactation resources on scale of 0 [complete dissatisfaction] to 100 [complete satisfaction]. Respondents were asked to identify greatest priorities for improvements to existing lactation spaces.

Results

304 (34.2%) respondents, of whom 69.3% anticipated using a lactation room in the next 5 years. Satisfaction with the current status of lactation rooms was low (mean score 37.8; SD 25.3). Accessible and proximal lactation spaces were highest priorities. More than 50% of respondents indicated daily use of a “nontraditional” lactation space.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the current state of healthcare providers' lactation-related experiences and highlights priorities for improvement, particularly provision of adequate lactation spaces.
Patient Satisfaction With a COVID-19 Telehealth Lactation Care Model
Authors: Oggero Megan K. , Cappello Rebecca B. , Clay Paula C. , Gaskamp Connie R.
Published: May 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine if patient satisfaction with teleconsults during the COVID-19 pandemic, both with and without corresponding car-side weight measurements, was different from satisfaction with in-person visits prior to the pandemic.

Methods

Retrospective descriptive and quantitative analysis was used to examine existing patient satisfaction data collected via email survey from patients who completed at least one in-person visit from March 2019 to February 2020 or at least one teleconsult during April or May 2020.

Results

Respondents reported high levels of satisfaction with teleconsults. Approximately 97% of respondents found teleconsults helpful. Satisfaction with teleconsults during the pandemic, both with and without car-side weight measurements, was similar to satisfaction with in-person visits prior to the pandemic.

Conclusion

Providing families with teleconsults in conjunction with car-side weight measurements was a successful model for providing lactation services to patients during the COVD-19 pandemic.
Fantasy game e reconfiguração da cultura desportiva
Authors: Casagrande Magnos Cassiano , Lavarda Suélen De Lima , Silveira Ada Cristina Machado
Published: May 2021

O artigo registra resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a reconfiguração da cultura desportiva a partir da criação e promoção comercial de fantasy games no futebol brasileiro. Analisa-se a relação existente entre o fantasy game Cartola FC e a forma de torcer de seus usuários torcedores do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol. Utilizam-se preceitos metodológicos da Análise de Conteúdo e dados coletados a partir da aplicação de questionários. Entende-se que o fantasy game Cartola FC redefine aspectos da cultura futebolística, a forma de torcer e a forma de compreender o jogo.
Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Studies of Heterometallic Nitrilotriacetates of Chromium(III) with Some 3d Metals
Authors: Ciornea Victor , Gulea Aurelian
Published: May 2021

Heterometallic complexes of chromium (III) with some 3d metals have been synthesized based on nitrilotriacetic acid (H3nta), like M(bpy)2Cr2(OH)2(nta)2·nH2O, where M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+; bpy = α,α′- bipyridine; n = 8 or 9. Their chemical composition has been determined from the results of the elemental analysis and thermogravimetric study. The coordination modes of the nta3 ̄ ligand and the type of chemical bonds have been proposed basing on IR spectra.
Synthesis of 7α- and 17-Bromonorambreinolides from Norambreinolide
Authors: Vlad Pavel F. , Ciocarlan Alexandru G. , Mironov Grigore N. , Coltsa Mihai N. , Simonov Yurii A. , Kravtsov Victor Ch. , Lipkowski Janusz
Published: May 2021

A mixture of 7α- and 17-bromonorambreinolides was obtained on treatment of the mixture of isomeric methyl bicyclohomofarnesenoates, the norambreinolide transesterification product, with NBS and H2O2. The structure of 7α- and 17-bromonorambreinolides was elucidated on the basis of spectral data. The structure of 17-bromonorambreinolide was confirmed by its reduction with LiAlH4 into sclaradiol, and that of 7α-bromonorambreinolide by X-ray analysis.
Dihydroxyfumaric Acid Transformation
Authors: Secara Natalia
Published: May 2021

This short communication presents several preliminary results obtained during kinetic investigation of dihydroxyfumaric acid decarboxylation. The reaction order towards the hydrogen ions concentration has been established, the correlation between the decarboxylation velocity and temperature has been found, the Arrhenius equation for the decarboxylation constant has been drawn.
Physical Methods of Fast Reactions Investigation
Authors: Duca Gheorghe , Secara Natalia , Duca Daniela
Published: May 2021

This review presents the basic concepts of the methods used for investigation of fast reactions kinetics, such as: flow methods, with particular emphasis on the stopped-flow approach, NMR, ESR, electrochemical methods, with particular emphasis on the time resolved Fourier Transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, flash photolysis, and several others. It offers a brief description of fast reactions commonly encountered in chemical systems, providing an insight into the possibilities of performing kinetic investigations of such reaction systems.
Synthesis of Pinonic Acid New Derivatives
Authors: Gudima Alexandru , Vlad Liudmila , Macaev Fliur
Published: May 2021

The method for synthetising new derivatives of the pinonic acid using, at the key step, the reaction of condensation with epichlorohydrin, has been elaborated. It has been shown that, in the presence of catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium chloride, the reaction is directed towards the formation of etherchlorohydrin, which, later on, is easily transformed into epoxides as well as chloromethyldiketones with good overall yield.