bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El proyecto musical de Leda Valladares: del sustrato romántico a una concepción ancestral-vanguardista de la argentinidad
Authors: Orquera Fabiola
Published: December 2015

Este artículo se ocupa de la trayectoria de la reconocida escritora y recopiladora musical Leda Valladares (1919-2012) para abrir la historia intelectual argentina a un complejo panorama de provincia. En la primera parte se sostiene que su interés por las bagualas y por el canto colectivo se explican en el Tucumán en los años treinta y cuarenta, donde la tradición europeísta se entrecruzaba con prácticas musicales de origen andino que sobrevivían en los Valles Calchaquíes y en la Quebrada de Humahuaca, sitio de veraneo de las familias acomodadas. Para ello se muestra que la identidad cultural de Valladares estuvo tensada entre la formación que recibió en la carrera de Filosofía y Pedagogía —en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán—, que ponía el acento en autores alemanes de cuño romántico, y el canto de las copleras con las que se encuentra hacia 1941. Consideradas estas como sujetos subalternos, se propone que la relación con la investigadora, proveniente de una familia de élite, fue de complementariedad. La segunda parte afirma que el pensamiento de Valladares puede definirse como poscolonial avant la lettre y que guarda coincidencias con el de Rodolfo Kusch. Muestra que el proyecto de enseñar el canto colectivo a gran escala, enmarcado en esos postulados, se alía al movimiento folk de fines de los sesenta, se enfrenta a la canción ideologizada del Movimiento Nuevo Cancionero y, después de atravesar la dictadura militar, es tomado por los jóvenes del rock como expresión de argentinidad auténtica.
Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm Applied Research in Medical Reagent Sales Management
Authors: Xiao Hong Xiang , Ji Xiang , Dong Jun Fei
Published: December 2015

Blood cell analyzer to complete cell detection function to fit the diluent, the hemolytic agent, sheath fluid reagent for medical use. In order to guarantee the stability of testing results, as well as protecting the interests of enterprise sales of reagents, under normal circumstances, instruments and reagents password authentication is needed in order to work properly. Reagent sales typically use encryption methods to achieve the instrument specifies the use of reagents, but unable to control reagent for sales by region. Using a symmetric key encryption algorithm Advanced Encryption Standard, and put forward a new reagent encryption method. The method can realize the enterprise to the reagent according to regional sales purposes, and can be used to control the designated on the instrument for custom reagent. The verification and analysis of the encryption method using VC platform.
Design Improvement of Assembly Workplace through Ergonomic Simulation and Analysis Using DELMIA
Authors: Usman Shaban , Zhu Hai Tao , Haq Mazhar Ul
Published: December 2015

The aim of this research is to demonstrate the ergonomic process modeling and simulation of manual assembly work through virtual assembly approach in order to present workplace and process improvement prior to their physical prototyping. In this regard, a case study has been carried out to analyze an assembly workplace of a diesel engine by ergonomics simulation and virtual assembly approach. DELMIA, a software tool, has been exploited for the ergonomic simulation and analysis in virtual assembly environment. The case study demonstrates several improvements in the ergonomics of the operators performing assembly on production line of the diesel engine. The assembly process of last few stations of the diesel engine simulated and analyzed on DELMIA in order to exhibit the advantages of the virtual assembly approach to the workplace deign and saving of process time and energy expenditure of operator. On last station of the engine assembly line, parts are assembled relatively at higher and complex positions and it is difficult for an operator to assembly them. Since, the assembly is carried out on conveyor; it is not convenient to change the height of conveyor to overcome the problem. Therefore, height of the floor of last work station is altered / increased. In order to achieve the increased floor height, a number of benches of variable heights are placed on the floor on the last working station one by one in the simulation environment and simulation of the process is carried out. The simulation results show that the ergonomics of operators have significantly changed by altering working height of the operator. Simulation of second last and other working station has also been performed by altering the height of the floor, but no improvements in the ergonomics of the operator observed for these stations
Hepatocytes as Immunological Agents
Authors: Crispe Ian N.
Published: December 2015

Hepatocytes are targeted for infection by a number of major human pathogens, including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and malaria. However, hepatocytes are also immunological agents in their own right. In systemic immunity, they are central in the acute-phase response, which floods the circulation with defensive proteins during diverse stresses, including ischemia, physical trauma, and sepsis. Hepatocytes express a variety of innate immune receptors and, when challenged with pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns, can deliver cell-autonomous innate immune responses that may result in host defense or in immunopathology. Important human pathogens have evolved mechanisms to subvert these responses. Finally, hepatocytes talk directly to T cells, resulting in a bias toward immune tolerance.
Design of green spaces located below the urbanised level. Themes, problems and solutions applied to a case study
Authors: Toccolini Alessandro , Felisari Simone , Ferrario Paolo Stefano
Published: December 2015

The design of green areas and landscape is often related to spaces with special features, which, due to their territorial peculiarities, require the adoption of appropriate design solutions. This category includes spaces located below the urbanised/street level (or on different levels), which may have various origins: areas derived from the regeneration of defensive ditches that, after having lost their original function, have become centres of urban aggregation (ancient city walls, castles moats); sites derived from the demolition of buildings or other structures; spaces created expressly sub-level as a result of design choices. This paper deals with some design issues concerning those places, in relation to orography, vegetation and the type of users expected. Moreover, the opinion of the population is taken into account to clearly define design choices; the issue is explored using special techniques to involve citizens in the design process, namely focus groups and surveys aimed at identifying their needs. The paper, finally, presents a design experience applied to a study area in the municipality of Abbiategrasso (Lombardy region, Italy) located under the urbanised level and currently used as urban park (the so-called Fossa Viscontea). This park (about 3.7 ha) occupies the area of the ancient defensive moat of the historical village (including the Visconti Castle - 13th century); design solutions are proposed for ensuring accessibility and fruition of this area such as leisure and aggregation centre.
La sovrastima dei metodi molecolari e dei modelli matematici rispetto a quelli tradizionali può condurre a problemi reali nella conoscenza della biodiversità mondiale
Authors: Löbl Ivan
Published: December 2015

Fin dal 1992, con la Convenzione sulla Diversità Biologica di Rio de Janeiro, la biodiversità della terra è una materia di costante interesse pubblico, ma la comunità scientifica, impegnata nel descrivere e identificare le specie animali includendole in grandi raggruppamenti diversificati, deve affrontare difficoltà in continua crescita. I problemi derivano dalla scarsa comprensione della specificità della tassonomia e dall’assegnare eccessivo valore ai metodi quantitativi e alle moderne tecnologie. Dato che la maggior parte delle specie animali deve essere ancora scoperta e studiata, è necessario affrontare la situazione con metodi più equilibrati.
Late-Onset Rash in Patients with Group A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis Treated with Amoxicillin
Authors: Kimura Masahiko
Published: December 2015

We observed late-onset rashes in patients with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Of 1028 patients with GAS pharyngitis, which was principally treated with amoxicillin, we evaluated those who developed a late-onset rash and excluded those with scarlet fever alone. Twenty-one patients developed a rash (2.0%, 95% confidence interval, 1.3- 3.1%), 7 to 20 days (median, 8 days) after GAS pharyngitis onset. The rashes were characterized by maculopapules, which increased in size with coalescence and some developing into plaques, with a symmetrical distribution with a propensity for the extremities, including the palms and soles. The clinical courses of the patients were good, and the rashes subsided within 14 days. A non-immediate reaction to β-lactams, which usually manifests as a maculopapular rash, is a possible cause in our patients, however, repeated courses of amoxicillin in 3 patients did not induce the rash. The underlying mechanism of the late-onset rash after GAS pharyngitis with amoxicillin treatment remains unclear.
Aspetti relazionali ed organizzativi delle comunità terapeutiche per adolescenti quali fattori di trattamento: validazione di uno strumento
Authors: Cristofanelli Stefania , Fassio Omar , Ferro Laura , Zennaro Alessandro
Published: December 2015

The aim of this work is to propose a new instrument to investigate organizational characteristics in Therapeutic Communities for adolescents.  Organizational Climate is considered as a specific therapeutic factor in a residential care treatment where the quality of the environment and the emotional atmosphere become essential aspects of communitarian work. In such a context, the working team is the main instrument of the treatment (educational and therapeutic). The questionnaire has been administered to 173 subjects, working in therapeutic communities for adolescents, searched in the whole of the Italian territory. The last version of the statistic, that has been carried out, enhanced 119 items.
La ricerca di processo nel decennio 1998-2007: contributo a una review critica
Authors: Manzo Stefano
Published: December 2015

Questo studio preliminare Ã¨ un primo contributo ad una revisione critica relativa alla ricerca di processo in psicoterapia. Lo scopo del lavoro mira a comprendere in quante forme si declina la ricerca di processo, come essa si diversifica, in ragione di quali dimensioni. Attraverso una griglia costruita ad hoc, sono stati segmentati gli studi di processo (sia di processo che di processo-esito) estrapolati da 13 riviste di settore relativi al decennio 1998â€“2007. Gli obiettivi erano: a) quantificare e classificare la produzione scientifica relativa agli ultimi dieci anni; b) esplorare le principali modalitÃ  che ne diversificano e organizzano il campo. Sono emersi due modelli epistemologici: il modello dâ€™analisi e quello interpretativo. Questi organizzano tre principali approcci alla ricerca sul processo che abbiamo definito: Approccio Congetturale, Sperimentale e Misto; questi sollevano differenti interrogativi riguardo alla significativitÃ , alla scelta delle unitÃ  d'analisi e al rapporto tra oggetto della ricerca e metodologia adottata.
Le disfunzioni metacognitive nei disturbi di personalit Una review delle ricerche del III Centro di Psicoterapia Cognitiva
Authors: Popolo Raffaele , Semerari Antonio , Carcione Antonino , Fiore Donatella , Nicolò Giuseppe , Conti Laura , Pedone Roberto , Procacci Michele , D'Angerio Stefania , Dimaggio Giancarlo
Published: December 2015

Dagli anni '90, il III Centro di Psicoterapia Cognitiva di Roma si Ã¨ impegnato nell'attivitÃ  clinica e di ricerca sul trattamento di pazienti gravi e difficili da trattare. In questo lavoro verranno analizzati alcuni tra i piÃ¹ importanti lavori pubblicati dal Gruppo in questo ambito. Si tratta di ricerche sul processo terapeutico condotte a partire dallâ€™osservazione clinica secondo cui la presenza di specifici malfunzionamenti metacognitivi ostacolerebbe la costruzione della rappresentazione degli stati mentali propri e altrui; la regolazione della relazione terapeutica potrebbe migliorare tali malfunzionamenti rendendo cosÃ¬ possibili gli interventi sugli aspetti sintomatici del paziente. Sono state portate, quindi, prove sufficienti a sostenere che la metacognizione sia una grandezza composta da sottofunzioni distinte semi-indipendenti. Altri studi del Gruppo hanno mostrato poi come la realtÃ  clinica del paziente grave sia influenzata in modo diverso dalla presenza di specifici malfunzionamenti metacognitivi.
La ricerca qualitativa in psicoterapia. Controversie, applicazioni e criteri di qualità
Authors: Blasi Stefano
Published: December 2015

La ricerca qualitativa in psicoterapia ha acquisito maggiore diffusione e credibilità. Si esamineranno i limiti, le potenzialità, gli ambiti di applicazione e le prospettive future della ricerca qualitativa in psicoterapia. Tali questioni saranno esaminate anche attraverso l'esplorazione della tradizionale dicotomia, nelle scienze sociali, tra metodi quantitativi e metodi qualitativi, sia negli aspetti epistemologici che metodologici. Verranno poi vagliati i criteri di qualità della ricerca qualitativa in psicoterapia, nel tentativo di rendere più sistematico il campo e di favorire un linguaggio comune per le future ricerche.
Dynamics of sense-making and development of the narrative in the clinical exchange
Authors: Gennaro Alessandro , Goncalves Miguel , Mendes Inès , Ribeiro Antònio , Salvatore Sergio
Published: December 2015

The present work is aimed at exploring the relationship between the dynamics of sense-making carried out by the clinical exchange and the content of the patientâ€™s narrative. To this end the relationship between the formal and functional mapping of a psychotherapy carried out by the Discourse Flow Analysis (DFA) and the analysis of the patientâ€™s narrative provided by the Innovative Moment Coding System (IMCS) have been compared. The comparison concerns a 15-session good outcome Emotion-Focused Therapy (Lisa's case). Findings highlight the association between the formal and functional characteristics of the clinical dialogue and the content of the narrative. More in particular, an association between the U-shape trajectory of the super-ordered meaning depicted by DFA and the evolution of the innovative content of the narrative enucleated by the IMCS were found.
The Model of Sequential Brief-Adlerian Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (SB-APP): Specific Features in the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Ferrero Andrea
Published: December 2015

Sequential Briefâ€“Adlerian Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (SB-APP) is a time-limited (40 weekly sessions) psychotherapy for a wide range of psychic disorders, deliv-ered in sequential and repeatable module (in each module a different therapist is in-volved). Its specific features in the treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are presented, concerning setting, technique and therapist's emotional attitude. Four Personality Functioning Levels (PFLs) are focused, in order to provide targeted interven-tions for more homogeneous subsets of BPD patients. PFLs are assessed by evaluating symptoms, quality of interpersonal relationships, overall social behaviours, cognitive and emotional patterns, and defense mechanisms. Two clinical vignettes describe how SB-APP strategies vary according to patient's PFLs, also with respect to the predetermined treatment end. Preliminary reports of SB-APP effectiveness in the treatment of BPD are summarized and discussed.
Metacognition, Borderline Pathology and Psychotherapeutic Change: A Single-Case Study
Authors: Perrella Raffaella , Semerari Antonio , Scafuto Francesca , Caviglia Giorgio
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study is to analyze whether: (a) a specific type of metacognitive deficit is present in a patient with Borderline Personality Disorder; (b) a metacognitive improvement can be detected during the psychotherapy treatment; (c) if this improvement can be indicative of the effectiveness of psychotherapy itself. A single case study has been conducted; metacognitive deficits have been measured with the Metacognition Assessment Scale (MAS). In line with the hypothesis, the results show a global and progressive improvement of meta-cognitive functions. We conclude in agreement with the current literature, the existence of a major deficit in Differentiation and Integration subfunctions (belonging to Self-reflexivity), compared to Characterization and Relation between variables subfunctions (belonging to Metacognitive monitoring).
The Clinical Use of Photography: A Single Case, Multimethod Study of the Therapeutic Process
Authors: Saita Emanuela , Parrella Carmine , Facchin Federica , Irtelli Floriana
Published: December 2015

This single case study aimed at evaluating the use of a photographic tech-nique (i.e., Spectro Cards) within an eight-session clinical intervention based on the Brief, Intermittent Psychotherapy model developed by Nicholas Cummings (1990). We hypothesized that the use of photography may increase the patientâ€™s Referential Activity (RA), facilitating the linking process between the nonverbal experience and the verbal code. Linguistic analysis of the discursive production of a 36-year-old female patient was conducted according to two different strategies: Measurement of the RA according to the coding system developed by Wilma Bucci (1997a, 1997b), and textual-linguistic analysis supported by the software T-LAB. Our findings revealed that the use of Spectro Cards during each psychotherapeutic session yielded significant changes in the patientâ€™s language, in terms of greater RA values, richer discursive production, and a switch of language focus from physical pain to psychological pain.
Students’ voices on spiritual care at a Higher Education Institution in the Western Cape
Authors: Linda Ntombizodwa S. , Klopper Hester C. , Phetlhu Deliwe R.
Published: December 2015

Background: Nurses have a moral obligation to ensure holistic care of patients, inclusive of the spiritual dimension. However, there seems to be a void in the teaching and learning of spiritual care in nursing curricula. Despite the South African Nursing Council being in favour of holistic nursing, there are no measures in place to ensure implementation of spiritual care, hence its practice is not standardised in nursing education in South Africa. Currently, the undergraduate nursing curriculum does not provide clear direction on how spiritual care in nursing should be integrated and the reason for this is not clear. It appears that the lack of professional regulation, difficulties in definition and the personalised nature of spiritual practice are partly responsible for the practice being barely enforced and scarcely practised by students in clinical placements. The aim of the study was to develop a practice theory for teaching–learning of spiritual care in the undergraduate nursing programme.Objectives: The study objective was to describe and explore the students’ experiencs of teaching–learning of spiritual care in the undergraduate nursing programme.Methods: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design with purposive sampling was used. The sample consisted of undergraduate nursing students at a University in the Western Cape Province. Measures for trustworthiness were applied.Results: The findings indicated a need to provide support, a conducive learning environment and structure for teaching, learning and practice of spiritual care.Conclusion: There is a need for formal education regarding spiritual care in nursing.
Redaksionele voorwoord
Authors: Breed Gert
Published: December 2015

No abstract available.
To evaluate the utility of 10 warning signs questionnaire in assessment of cognitive function among elderly people
Authors: Raina Sunil Kumar , Chander Vishav
Published: December 2015

Introduction: Routine screening of high-risk elderly people for early cognitive impairment using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and its modifications may be constrained by demographic and other variables. Warning signs (as reported by family/caregivers) may be a useful alternative. The present data analysis was carried out with the aim to identify the role of 10 warning signs screen as an alternative tool for screening for cognitive impairment among elderly. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of this analysis (correlation), data available with us from a study conducted on the elderly population (60 years and above) from selected geographical areas (Migrant, Urban, Rural, and Tribal) of Himachal Pradesh was used. Results: A high statistically significant was found between scores on 10 warning signs screen and Hindi mental state examination/Bharmouri mental state examination (modifications of MMSE). Conclusions: Ten warning signs screen can be an important screening total for assessment of cognitive impairment in the elderly Indians.
The QT dispersion and QTc dispersion in patients presenting with acute neurological events and its impact on early prognosis
Authors: Rahar Kailash Kumar , Pahadiya Hans Raj , Barupal Kishan Gopal , Mathur C. P. , Lakhotia Manoj
Published: December 2015

Aims: To find out and investigate whether the QT dispersion and QTc dispersion is related to type and prognosis of the acute stroke in patients presenting within 24 h of the onset of stroke. Settings and Design: This was a observational study conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Dr. SN. Medical College, Jodhpur, during January 2014 to January 2015. Subjects and Methods: The patients presented within 24 h of onset of acute stroke (hemorrhagic, infarction, or transient ischemic event) were included in the study. The stroke was confirmed by computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with (i) altered sensorium because of metabolic, infective, seizures, trauma, or tumor; (ii) prior history of cardiovascular disease, electrocardiographic abnormalities’ because of dyselectrolytemia; and (iii) and patients who were on drugs (antiarrhythmic drugs, antipsychotic drugs, erythromycin, theophylline, etc.,) which known to cause electrocardiogram changes, were excluded from the study. National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) was calculated at the time of admission and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) at the time of discharge. Fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls included. Statistical Analysis Used: Student’s t-test, ANOVA, and area under curve for sensitivity and specificity for the test. Results: We included 52 patients (male/female: 27/25) and 50 controls (26/24). The mean age of patients was 63.17 ± 08.90 years. Of total patients, infarct was found in 32 (61.53%), hemorrhage in 18 (34.61%), transient ischemic attack (TIA) in 1 (1.9%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 1 (1.9%) patient. The QT dispersion and QTc dispersion were significantly higher in cases as compare to controls. (87.30 ± 24.42 vs. 49.60 ± 08.79 ms; P < 0.001) and (97.53 ± 27.36 vs. 56.28 ± 09.86 ms; P < 0.001). Among various types of stroke, the mean QT dispersion and QTc dispersion were maximum and significantly higher in hemorrhagic stroke as compared to infarct and TIA (P < 0.001). The mean QT dispersion and QTc dispersion was found significantly high in nonsurvivors (n = 16) as compared to survivors group (n = 36) (P < 0.05). The mean QT dispersion was directly correlated with the NIHSS and functional outcome score MRS. Patients with greater QT and QTc dispersion having high NIHSS had poor prognosis. Conclusion: We concluded that patients presenting with acute neurological events having increased QT dispersion and QTc dispersion is related to high mortality and poor functional outcomes on hospital discharge and if the values of dispersion score are very high we can predict for hemorrhagic stroke.
Basement-cover relations in the southeastern Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Raeside Rob , Tizzard Amy
Published: December 2015

In the southeastern Cape Breton Highlands Neoproterozoic plutonic and metamorphic rocks outcrop in upland areas whereas Carboniferous sedimentary rocks are found in the river valleys and coastal lowlands. Detailed analysis of the contacts between these two groups of rocks including mapping, geometric constructions of the contact relations, structural geological investigations, petrographic analysis and geophysical map interpretations show that the basement rocks were emplaced by a thrust fault that extends at least from the Baddeck River valley to North River, and possibly includes klippen south and east of the highlands. The thrust fault transported a slab of rock with minimum thickness of 200 m a distance of at least 8 km over Horton and Windsor group rocks. East-directed translation of the thrust block likely occurred during the Alleghanian orogeny, and appears to mirror movement previously identified in the northern and western Cape Breton Highlands, implying that much of the upland geology is allochthonous, but likely rooted in the central highlands as positive flower structure.
Cord centrality and eccentricity indices of the placenta and their associations
Authors: Narayanan S. , Mohamed T. , Shankar N.
Published: December 2015

Introduction: The shape of the placenta and position of umbilical cord insertion are associated with perinatal outcome. Cord centrality index (CCI) is a measure of the distance of the umbilical cord insertion from the center of the placenta. Eccentricity index (EI) is a measure of placental shape. Hyrtl's anastomosis (HA) connects the two umbilical arteries and helps to equalize pressure differences. The hypothesis of the study was that there would be a significant correlation between the diameter of HA and the CCI and EI. Materials and Methods: The maximum length, maximum breadth, and distance of the umbilical cord insertion from the center were estimated using Image J software on superior view digital photographs of 88 placentae. The CCI and EI were then calculated. Relevant diameters were measured, and the twist of each umbilical cord was categorized as left and right. Strength of association was estimated using Spearman's correlation, and the independent sample T test for estimating group differences. Results: The mean values of the CCI and EI were 0.41±0.19 and 0.42±0.17. A significant correlation was noted with the diameter of HA between both CCI (0.237, p = 0.029) and EI (-0.252, p = 0.020). No significant differences were observed in the CCI and EI between cords with right and left twist. Conclusion: A greater diameter of the HA is likely be indicative of a higher difference in the blood flow between the umbilical arteries which in turn could influence the placental shape and umbilical cord insertion.
The morphology of the pineal gland of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus Forster, 1781)
Authors: Barcelos R. , Filadelpho A. , Baroni S. , Graça W.
Published: December 2015

Introduction: The Magellanic Penguin migrates on the ocean currents from its reproduction colonies in Patagonia to seek abundant food on the Brazilian continental shelf. The pineal gland, an endocrine gland, whose secretions are affected by the light-darkness photoperiod, has a basic function in the biological processes of migrating animals. Melatonin, the hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland affects the circadian, circannual and seasonal cycle that directly affects the migration processes of land and sea birds. Materials and Methods: Specimens were collected on the southern coast of Brazil, morphometric assessments and histological analyses of the glands were undertaken. Results: The pineal gland of the Magellanic Penguin lies in a triangular space between the brain hemispheres and the cerebellum and close to the cavernous sinus that follow the region's dura mater. The average of the pineal gland of the penguins under analysis was 11.16mm and 1,69mm for length and thickness respectively. Test t and the coefficients of co-relationship (r) between the analyzed variables demonstrated that there was no co-relationship between the morphometric variables and the size of the pineal gland (p < 0.05). The Magellanic penguin's pineal gland has a club-like sacular shape with cells in threads, involved and interlaced by fibrous conjunctive tissues. Conclusion: Results corroborated data in the literature and showed that the pineal gland of these birds is relatively greater than that of other birds and its tissue composition is similar to that of other vertebrates.
Maxillary teeth in sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus (Cetacea: Physeteridae)
Authors: Toledo G. , Langguth A.
Published: December 2015

Sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758, have 18 to 28 pairs of well developed conical mandibular teeth, but maxillary teeth are vestigial and supposedly rare. The aim of this study is to report a new case of erupted maxillary teeth in P. macrocephalus, the first description for Brazil. On 29 October 2008 a female sperm whale was found stranded in Campina's Beach (06° 46' S, 34° 55' W), Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil. Inspection on the gums revealed three upper teeth on the right maxilla, corresponded to mandibular teeth 9 to 11 in a rostrocaudal sequence. The maxillary teeth were nearly straight, strongly worn in the tip and had no pulp cavity remaining. Most literature states that maxillary teeth are absent or rarely present, somewhat questionable, since other authors never failed to expose them by an incision in the gum. Data show that upper teeth have been overlooked, and its real frequency can only be determined by thorough dissections. This is important, since the study of maxillary teeth can provide information about evolution, functional morphology and age determination in sperm whales.
Retraction: Characterization of follicle populations in mare ovaries: from preantral to preovulatory follicles
Authors: Leonel E. , Bento-Silva V. , Costa e Silva E. , Zúccari C.
Published: December 2015

Retracted article:

LEONEL, ECR., BENTO-SILVA, V., COSTA E SILVA, EV. and ZÚCCARI, CESN. Characterization of follicle populations in mare ovaries: from preantral to preovulatory follicles. Journal of Morphological Sciences, 2015, vol. 32, n. 3, p. 176-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.084715

Retraction date:

September 16th 2016

Retraction requested by:

All authors.

Retraction type:

Honest error that generated a duplicate publication.

Comment:

Due to honest error the typesetting service provider of J. Morphol. Sci failed to remove an article from it’s production workflow despite having acknowledged the Editors and Author’s request to do so. As a result the article was published by J. Morphol. Sci in redundance after been already published by ENCICLOPÉDIA BIOSFERA. Thus, Authors and Editors would like to jointly withdraw the article aforementioned and recommend that all citations be made to the article published by ENCICLOPÉDIA BIOSFERA (LEONEL, BENTO-SILVA, COSTA E SILVA et al., 2015).

References

LEONEL, ECR., BENTO-SILVA, V., COSTA E SILVA, EV. and ZÚCCARI, CESN. Follicle populations in mare ovaries: from preantral to preovulatory follicles. Enciclopédia Biosfera, 2015, vol. 11, n. 22, p. 1321-1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.18677/Enciclopedia_Biosfera_2015_162.
Papilar topografy and morphology of the tongue in the E. sexcinctus
Authors: Silva A. , Cavalcante M. , Ferraz M. , Rizzo M. , Fortes E. , Cunha B. , Carvalho M. , Conde Júnior A.
Published: December 2015

Introduction: The Six-banded armadillo (Euphractussexcintus) belongs to Cigunlata order, has diverse feeding habits and masticatory apparatus developed. The tongue, one of the major components of this equipment, has the mucosa papillae, taste buds and tongue glands. Materials and Methods: Six-banded armadillo were submitted to an anesthetic protocol with Tiletamine and zolazepan (Telazol®, Fortdotge, Brazil) and Sodium Thiopental (Thiopentax®, Cristália, Brazil), we proceeded to euthanasia using Potassium Chloride 19.1%, to then fix them in a 10% formaldehyde solution. The tongues were dissected and identified structures. For microscopic processing, segments from different parts of the tongue were subjected to histological routine and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson. Results: The tongue of the six-banded armadillo presents three types of papillae: filiform, fungiform and vallate, with no conical buds and foliate. Still in the tongue mucosa, was observed mucous glands and various taste corpuscles. Some data differ from those same found in other wild animals that have been studied, but are similar to those of the same phylogenetic. Conclusion: The morphological characteristics of the six-banded armadillo's tongue are adapted to the difficulties faced by him during chewing, requiring the tongue, structures that provide you mobility, strength and sensitivity.
Testicular and epididymal histomorphometric assessment in F1 male Wistar rats after gestational Ricinus communis oil exposure
Authors: Salami S. , Omirinde J. , Balogun M. , Raji Y.
Published: December 2015

Introduction: Fetal programming hypothesis presupposes that stimulus or insult acting during critical periods of uterine growth and development do alter tissue structure and function. In the present study changes in histomorphometric integrity of the testes and epididymis in adult F1 male rats maternally exposed to Ricinus communis oil (RCO) at different gestation periods were assessed. Materials and Methods: Therapeutic dose of RCO 950 mg/kg BW was administered to pregnant Wistar rats at gestation days GD 1-7, 7-14, 14-21 and 1-21 respectively. Testes and epididymis of adult male F1 offspring were then harvested for Histomorphometry assessment under Light microscope. Seminiferous tubular diameter (STD), seminiferous luminal diameter (SLD) and Seminiferous epithelial height (EH) of both peripheral and central seminiferous tubules were measured in the testes. Epididymal tubular diameter (ETD), epididymal luminal diameter (ELD) and epididymal epithelial height (EEH) were measured in epididymis. Results: Results were expressed as the mean ± SEM and significance taken at p<0.05. STD significantly (p<0.001) increased in F1 males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21 relative to control group. SEH significantly (p<0.001) decreased in F1 males from GD1-7,7-14 and 1-21. SLD increased significantly (p<0.001) in F1males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21 and 1-21. ETD significantly (p<0.01) increased in F1 males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21. EEH significantly (p<0.001) increased in F1 males from GD1-7 and GD7-14. ELD however increased significantly (p<0.001) only in F1 males from GD1-7. Conclusion: Maternal RCO exposure at different gestation periods impaired negatively histomorphometry of the testis and epididymis in male offspring.
Desarrollo de Proyectos Orientados al Arte y la Restauración de Patrimonio: Ejemplo del Proyecto HIPERESCAN 3D
Authors: Granero Luis , Díaz Francisco , Domínguez Rubén , Sanjuan Yolanda , Jiménez Josué
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we will show the development of industrial projects has created in new projects oriented to Cultural Heritage, derived from the capabilities of the Technological Institute AIDO, thanks to applying them into this new field of application. Moreover, this paper will show the example of a project developed two years ago that has derived in an explicit transfer of technology from the industry to the Cultural Heritage technology.
Museos Virtuales. Un caso práctico: Museo Nacional de Arqueología Subacuática (ARQVA)
Authors: Arambarri Basáñez Jon , Baeza Santamaría Unai
Published: December 2015

In the last decades, there has been an intensive work to promote and add value to cultural heritage, with the main aim of getting closer to the citizens. Within these tools, Virtual Reality is an exceptional instrument for archaeological and cultural sites managers. The article aims at showing a recent real case in Spain, already accessible on the Internet. The Ministry of Culture and the Arqva (National Museum of Underwater Archaeology) Virtual Museum work together to turn cultural tourism into something completely new: a participatory tourism in which the visitors have the leading role, know the area and plan their visit.
Cuenca, realidad virtual
Authors: Rodríguez Ruza Concepción , Muñoz Marquina Adela Mª , Lorente González Aurelio , Cañas Córdoba Virginia
Published: December 2015

This project, Cuenca, realidad virtual, was created so that the key periods of the historical evolution of Cuenca could be explained, where the Islamic Cuenca, Christian Cuenca and Cuenca in the 18th Century are comprised. The reconstruction of these different ages is represented by different routes through a threedimensional environment by means of this application .In order to be put into practice, 3D geometries, 3D polygon models, texturin, 3D illumination and threedimensional geometries animation of all of these elements have been implemented. Virtual visits are introduced by some texts, hearings, plans, archive and current pictures. These routes allow the visitor to get to know the past of this town through a recreational and easy going method
Natural interaction in Virtual Environments for Cultural Heritage: Giotto in 3D and Etruscanning study cases
Authors: Pietroni Eva , Rufa Claudio
Published: December 2015

A basic limit of most of VR applications created by the scientific community and reproducing cultural sites or artefacts is that they do not fire up the attention of public, in comparison with the great potentialities of VR system for cultural transmission: they are often lacking in emotional storytelling and difficult to manage. An important factor is the need of more natural and simple interfaces, especially for applications hosted inside museums. Starting from our experience in this domain, we propose new metaphors of narration and paradigm of interaction based on natural interfaces (body movements), presenting three study cases: “The Rule confirmation: virtual experience among Giotto's characters”, “Etruscanning3D”, “Virtual Exploration of the ancient Pharmacy of S. Maria della Scaletta Hospital at Imola”.
Etruscanning 3D project. The 3D reconstruction of the Regolini Galassi Tomb as a research tool and a new approach in storytelling
Authors: Hupperetz Wim , Carlani Raffaele , Pletinckx Daniel , Pietroni Eva
Published: December 2015

In the “Etruscanning3D” european project framework, the virtual reconstruction of the Regolini Galassi tomb, in Cerveteri, has been realized, in order to recontextualize its precious funerary goods, today preserved in the vatican Museums, in their ancient space, digitally represented in 3D. The reconstruction has been preceded by a huge work of data collection, reinterpretations, topographical acquisitions through a variety of techniques, digital restorations, in order to create a plausible simulation of how the tomb could appear when it was closed, at the half of the VII century BC. The final purpose of the VR application is communication inside museums, so the narrative approach and the metaphors of interactions played another key role.
3DPublish: solución web para crear museos virtuales 3D dinámicos
Authors: Aguirrezabal P. , Sillaurren S.
Published: December 2015

Today museums around the world offer their content through two basic methods: a simple view of their artworks through a content viewer, or through a custom designed 2D or 3D virtual exhibition in which the pieces and the scene are static. This article describes a 3DPublish tool which represents an alternative to these
two static solutions thereby giving the possibility to dynamically manage a 3D virtual scenario (real or imaginary) and the artwork that composes it. This gives the user a most realistic experience through different exhibitions, using various added value methods like storytelling or virtual tours. 3DPublish will facilitate the museum curator’s daily tasks and will improve the final results for 3D virtual museum exhibitions. This article will also present the case study of the Kubo Gallery in San Sebastian (SPAIN) as an example of 3DPublish use case.
Succession within the prokaryotic communities during the VAHINE mesocosms experiment in the New Caledonia lagoon
Authors: Pfreundt U. , Van Wambeke F. , Bonnet S. , Hess W. R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. N2 fixation fuels ~ 50 % of new primary production in the oligotrophic South Pacific Ocean. The VAHINE experiment has been designed to track the fate of diazotroph derived nitrogen (DDN) and carbon within a coastal lagoon ecosystem in a comprehensive way. For this, large-volume (~ 50 m3) mesocosms were deployed in the New Caledonia lagoon and were intentionally fertilized with dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) to stimulate N2 fixation. This study examined the temporal dynamics of the prokaryotic community together with the evolution of biogeochemical parameters for 23 consecutive days in one of these mesocosms (M1) and in the Nouméa lagoon using MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We observed clear successions within M1, some of which were not mirrored in the lagoon. The dominating classes in M1 were alpha- and gammaproteobacteria, cyanobacteria (mainly Synechococcus), eukaryotic microalgae, on days 10 and 14 Marine Group II euryarchaea, on days 12–23 also Flavobacteriia. Enclosure led to significant changes in the M1 microbial community, probably initiated by the early decay of Synechococcus and diatoms. However, we did not detect a pronounced bottle effect with a copiotroph-dominated community. The fertilization with ~ 0.8 μM DIP on day 4 did not have directly observable effects on the overall community within M1, as the data samples obtained from before and four days after fertilization clustered together, but likely influenced the development of individual populations later on, like Defluviicoccus-related bacteria and UCYN-C type diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Growth of UCYN-C led to among the highest N2 fixation rates ever measured in this region and enhanced growth of nearly all abundant heterotrophic groups in M1. We further show that different Rhodobacteraceae were the most efficient heterotrophs in the investigated system and we observed niche partitioning within the SAR86 clade. Whereas the location in- or outside the mesocosm had a significant effect on community composition, the temporal effect was significantly stronger and similar in both locations, suggesting that overarching abiotic factors were more influential than the enclosure. While temporal community changes were evident, prokaryotic diversity (Shannon Index) only declined slightly from ~ 6.5 to 5.7 or 6.05 in the lagoon and M1, respectively, throughout the experiment, highlighting the importance of multiple and varying sources of organic matter maintaining competition.
The observed clustering of damaging extra-tropical cyclones in Europe
Authors: Cusack S.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The clustering of severe European windstorms on annual timescales has substantial impacts on the re/insurance industry. Management of the risk is impaired by large uncertainties in estimates of clustering from historical storm datasets typically covering the past few decades. The uncertainties are unusually large because clustering depends on the variance of storm counts. Eight storm datasets are gathered for analysis in this study in order to reduce these uncertainties. Six of the datasets contain more than 100~years of severe storm information to reduce sampling errors, and the diversity of information sources and analysis methods between datasets sample observational errors. All storm severity measures used in this study reflect damage, to suit re/insurance applications. It is found that the shortest storm dataset of 42 years in length provides estimates of clustering with very large sampling and observational errors. The dataset does provide some useful information: indications of stronger clustering for more severe storms, particularly for southern countries off the main storm track. However, substantially different results are produced by removal of one stormy season, 1989/1990, which illustrates the large uncertainties from a 42-year dataset. The extended storm records place 1989/1990 into a much longer historical context to produce more robust estimates of clustering. All the extended storm datasets show a greater degree of clustering with increasing storm severity and suggest clustering of severe storms is much more material than weaker storms. Further, they contain signs of stronger clustering in areas off the main storm track, and weaker clustering for smaller-sized areas, though these signals are smaller than uncertainties in actual values. Both the improvement of existing storm records and development of new historical storm datasets would help to improve management of this risk.
The Mohr–Coulomb criterion for intact rock strength and friction – a re-evaluation and consideration of failure under polyaxial stresses
Authors: Hackston A. , Rutter E.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Abstract Darley Dale and Pennant sandstones were tested under conditions of both axisymmetric shortening and extension normal to bedding. These are the two extremes of loading under polyaxial stress conditions. Failure under generalized stress conditions can be predicted from the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion under axisymmetric compression conditions provided the best form of polyaxial failure criterion is known. The sandstone data are best reconciled using the Mogi (1967) empirical criterion. Fault plane orientations produced vary greatly with respect to the maximum compression direction in the two loading configurations. The normals to the Mohr–Coulomb failure envelopes do not predict the orientations of the fault planes eventually produced. Frictional sliding on variously inclined sawcuts and failure surfaces produced in intact rock samples was also investigated. Friction coefficient is not affected by fault plane orientation in a given loading configuration, but friction coefficients in extension were systematically lower than in compression for both rock types and could be reconciled by a variant on the Mogi (1967) failure criterion. Friction data for these and other porous sandstones accord well with the Byerlee (1977) generalization about rock friction being largely independent of rock type. For engineering and geodynamic modelling purposes, the stress-state dependent friction coefficient should be used for sandstones, but it is not known to what extent this might apply to other rock types.
Soil microbial communities following bush removal in a Namibian savanna
Authors: Buyer J. S. , Schmidt-Küntzel A. , Nghikembua M. , Maul J. E. , Marker L.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Savanna ecosystems are subject to desertification and bush encroachment, which reduce the carrying capacity for wildlife and livestock. Bush thinning is a management approach that can, at least temporarily, restore grasslands and raise the grazing value of the land. In this study we examined the soil microbial communities under bush and grass in Namibia. We analyzed the soil through a chronosequence where bush was thinned at 9, 5, or 3 years before sampling. Soil microbial biomass, the biomass of specific taxonomic groups, and overall microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, while the community structure of Bacteria, Archaea, and fungi was determined by multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Soil under bush had higher pH, C, N, and microbial biomass than under grass, and the microbial community structure was also altered under bush compared to grass. A major disturbance to the ecosystem, bush thinning, resulted in an altered microbial community structure compared to control plots, but the magnitude of this perturbation gradually declined with time. Community structure was primarily driven by pH, C, and N, while vegetation type, bush thinning, and time since bush thinning were of secondary importance.