bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern biomarkers of acute kidney injury
Authors: Korabelnikov D. I. , Magomedaliev M. O.
Published: April 2023

The results of published studies of modern biomarkers used in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) were summarized. The search was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, eLibrary databases. AKI occurs in 10–15% of all inpatients and 50% of intensive care patients, and affects economic aspects of treatment and rehabilitation. The literature review allowed to draw conclusions about the significant advantage of new AKI biomarkers (cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, β2-microglobulin, kidney injury molecule-1, fatty acid binding protein) over the conventional glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine and urinary volume. Serum creatinine increases only in cases when 50–60% of nephrons are damaged, urinary volume has limitations such as the overdiagnosis of AKI in dehydrated patients, the inability to assess based on a single measurement, and the need for regular and frequent follow-up. Modern biomarkers make it possible to verify renal dysfunction in advance, at the subclinical level. This allows to make a correction in the therapy of the underlying disease and initiate nephroprotection to prevent the development of AKI and the further development of multiple organ failure, which may be more effective than the treatment of already developed AKI.
Updated clinical and economic analysis of using follitropin alfa in combination with assisted reproductive technologies in 2022
Authors: Shchurov D. G. , Blinov D. V. , Bashmakova N. V. , Polzikov M. A. , Semikhin A. S.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to perform a clinical and economic analysis of using drugs containing follitropin alfa as an active substance and to assess the impact of the studied drugs on the budget of the state healthcare system of the Russian Federation considering cost data for 2022 in the population of women with infertility and poor ovarian response who are undergoing treatment with the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).Material and methods. Clinical and economic evaluation of follitropin alfa use in patients with infertility and poor ovarian response was performed by a cost minimization method, using data from the Uniform Information System for Procurement for the period from July to December 2022 inclusive. The budget impact analysis model compared the costs required for ovarian stimulation of patients with poor ovarian response receiving only a fixed dose combination (FDC) of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa with the expected practice of switching 25% of these patients to follitropin alfa with a modeling time horizon of 1 year.Results. A cost analysis of an ovarian stimulation course using biosimilar follitropin alfa showed cost savings of 17% compared with the cost of therapy using the original follitropin alfa. Also, cost minimization analysis per cycle of ovarian stimulation demonstrated that the use of the biosimilar follitropin alfa was characterized by cost savings of 24,420 rubles (32.37%) compared to FCD of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa. Compared to the 2021 data, in the current study based on 2022 data and including only biosimilar follitropin alfa, there was a 103% increase in savings. Budget impact analysis determined that switching 25% of the population from FCD of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa to follitropin alfa would reduce direct medical costs by 17.3 million rubles (8.1%) per year. Savings in direct medical costs in the current study compared to 2021 increased by 117%.Conclusion. The clinical and economic analysis, as well as the budget impact analysis of using biosimilar follitropin alfa for ovarian stimulation in a population of women with infertility and poor ovarian response, confirm the economic expediency revealed in 2021. Moreover, according to 2022 data, the use of biosimilar follitropin alfa results in additional budgetary savings.
Expression profile of plasma microRNAs and target genes in patients with complicated pregnancy
Authors: Pashkovsky D. G. , Solovieva E. V. , Rabadanova Ts. R. , Gorbunova P. T. , Dubovaya A. B. , Muslimova E. R. , Khoroz E. E. , Karabash Z. S. , Sorokina L. E.
Published: April 2023

Aim: comparative analysis of the expression profile of plasma microRNAs and target genes in patients with complicated pregnancy.

Materials and Methods. A prospective observational comparative study in parallel groups was carried out. The study included 73 women divided into three groups: the main group – 42 patients with preeclampsia (PE), the comparison group – 12 pregnant women with fetal growth retardation (FGR), the control group – 19 clinically healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy. An examination was performed, which included the analysis of clinical characteristics and the study of microRNA expression in blood plasma using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results. MicroRNA hsa-miR-210-5p and hsa-miR-1972 were not identified in any plasma sample. Analyzing plasma microRNAs in group of women with PE showed significant changes in the expression levels of hsa-miR-517a-3p (p = 0.025), hsa-miR-517c-3p (p = 0.036), hsa-miR-574-5p (p = 0.015), hsa-miR-517a-3p (p < 0.001) and an increase in miR-20a-5p (p = 0.046) compared to control group. No significant differences were found in the miRNA expression profile in group of women with FGR compared to control group. Assessing an influence of the studied microRNAs on regulatory signaling pathways allowed to establish that hsa-miR-miR-146a-5p, -181a-5p, -210-3p, -517a-3p, -517c-3p, -574-3p, -574-5p, -1304-5p are potential regulators of the reaction cascades involved in the PE pathogenesis.

Conclusion. The changes revealed in the circulating blood plasma miRNA level indicate the presence of specific transcriptomic alterations during complicated course of pregnancy.
Multiple sclerosis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Karpov Sergey M. , Vyshlova Irina A. , Klimenko Anna I. , Tkachenko Evgenii A. , Gadaborshev Rustam N. , Dzutsev Akhshar I.
Published: April 2023

Multiple sclerosis is a serious, potentially disabling disease of the central nervous system that often affecting several areas of the brain and spinal cord at the same time. A large number of patients with this disease have been identified in Russia. The aetiology of multiple sclerosis is still under investigation. Every year, new data emerge on the influence of different factors and their interaction. Modern science is actively studying the mechanisms of multiple sclerosis progression, the role of mitochondria in inflammation and neurodegeneration, as well as the impact of COVID-19 on the possibility of development and progression of multiple sclerosis. In this review, we will consider the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the course of multiple sclerosis.
The relationship of cognitive impairment and clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis
Authors: Alibekov Ailer R. , Goldobin Vitaliy V. , Yuldashev Hosiddin F. , Klocheva Elena G. , Zuev Andrey A.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND. There are many studies in the literature suggesting that cognitive impairment is more pronounced in patients with myasthenia gravis compared with healthy people, but there is no explanation of the reasons and mechanisms. However, the reverse character the influence of intellectual-mnestic disorders on the course of myasthenia gravis has not been studied enough.
AIM. To compare clinical, anamnestiс, laboratory and instrumental data in patients with myasthenia gravis according to the presence or absence of cognitive impairment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. 61 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of myasthenia gravis were divided into 2 groups according to the Montreal cognitive test. Patients scoring 25 or less were assigned to the first group, those scoring 26 points or more to the second group.
A comparative assessment was made according to the myasthenia gravis impairment index, age of onset, duration of the disease, duration of hospitalization, severity of myasthenia gravis according to clinical scales, body mass index, electroneuromyography data, levels of antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor and skeletal muscles, and daily doses of the drugs received.
RESULTS. In the 1st group, there was a significantly higher score on the Generalised Disorders subscale of the Myasthenia Gravis Impairment Index; the severity of Quantitative myasthenia gravis score was significantly higher in the 1st group than in the 2nd both for the total score and for the Musculoskeletal Lesions subscale. On average, 49 mg more pyridostigmine bromide was required in the first group, while the average body mass index was significantly lower in the first group.
CONCLUSION. The presence of a cognitive deficit in patients with myasthenia gravis may worsen the clinical picture of the disease, which should be taken into account by clinicians, especially in elderly patients, who are at increased risk of developing cognitive disorders.
Psychopathological riddles of multiple personality disorder (dissociative identity disorder). The case of Daniel A.
Authors: Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Ivashev Anton S. , Gazizullin Timur R. , Mendelevich Elena G.
Published: April 2023

The article presents a unique clinical case of Daniil A. with multiple personality disorder (dissociative identity disorder according to ICD-11) the first detailed description of a rare syndrome in the Russian-language scientific literature. The patient also had dissociative movement disorders in the form of pseudoepileptic seizures. The clinical picture of the disease was dominated by the symptoms of alternative of personality, second essence, Alter ego and voices. The article provides a clinical analysis of the legitimacy of designating the identified phenomena as hallucinations and delusions. The theoretical analysis included an assessment of the possibility of diagnosing psychotic symptoms within non-psychotic disorders.
Hoarding: a new diagnosis against the traditional interpretation. Case of Artem L.
Authors: Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Gabutdinov Kamil A. , Ruzhenkova Viktoria V.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the case of twenty-year-old Artem L., whose clinical picture of the disease was dominated by an overvalued hobby in the form of pathological hoarding. The case was analyzed from the standpoint of highlighting a new diagnosis hording in international psychiatric classifications. Differential diagnosis of hording with schizotypal and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as with autism spectrum disorders was carried out. It is concluded that the emergence of a new diagnosis of hoarding requires the formation of new algorithms of diagnostic thinking in psychiatrists and the rejection of interpretations of paradoxical, seemingly pretentious behavior as belonging to the circle of schizophrenic disorders.
“Blue flags” of pain such as an important factor, has been influenced in the chronification of the low back pain
Authors: Yakupov Eduard Z. , Gabdullina Madina T.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND. Despite the widely discussed problem of pain chronification, the issues of assessing the relationship between emotional-affective disorders and the social status of patients with pain in the context of assessing the so-called blue flags of pain remain poorly understood.
AIM. To determine the relationship between biopsychosocial factors, particularly socioeconomic status, and the quality of life of patients with back pain.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 32 patients suffering with non-specific back pain of various localization. During of the study, the results of neuropsychological tests (HADS, SF-36, VAS) were analyzed to assess the mental state and social aspects of the patients lives. A specially designed questionnaire was used to assess the so-called blue flags of pain, which including the level of satisfaction with work and relationships in the workplace. The statistical processing of the data obtained was carried with using the programe Statistica 6.0 with the evaluation of Students criterion and Pearsons coefficient.
RESULTS. Correlations were found between emotional-affective disorders and socio-economic aspects, namely: job satisfaction and relationships with colleagues. Emotional and affective disorders were found to have a significant impact on relationships at work. People with emotional-affective disorders and chronic pain syndrome are more likely to have an unsatisfactory self-assessment of their health. The relationship between emotional-affective disorders and the intensity of the pain syndrome and life impairment was also determined, and it was found that patients with psychological distress are more susceptible to life impairment due to back pain. In the process of determining the level of quality of life of the examined individuals, low values were found according to the SF-36 questionnaire due to a decrease in the psychological component of health in patients with chronic pain syndrome (r=0.64, p 0.05). Significant correlations were found between affective disorders and job satisfaction (r=0.46, p 0.05) and relationships with co-workers (r=0.44, p 0.05), as well as pain intensity according to VAS (r=0.37, p 0.05).
CONCLUSION. Socio-economic factors, the so-called blue flags of pain, together with emotional and affective disorders, have a significant impact on the outcome of the pain syndrome and largely determine the chronification of pain, with a regression in the quality of life of patients with back pain.
Uso de medicamentos en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 hospitalizados en un hospital de referencia de Lima, Perú
Authors: Luna-Vilchez Medalit , Mejia Jhonatan R. , Ortiz-Benique Zhamanda N. , Santiago-Abal Mitsi , Taype-Rondan Alvaro
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue describir el uso de medicamentos en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 hospitalizados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño – San Borja (INSN-SB) de Lima, Perú, entre marzo del 2020 y marzo del 2022. Por ello, realizamos un estudio observacional descriptivo y evaluamos el uso de seis medicamentos: corticoides, ceftriaxona, azitromicina, inmunoglobulina, hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina. Finalmente, comparamos los resultados entre subpoblaciones definidas según la ola de la pandemia por COVID-19. Incluimos 421 pacientes pediátricos. Al 40,4% se le indicó corticoides, 35,6%ceftriaxona, 12,1% azitromicina, 3,6% inmunoglobulina, 2,4% hidroxicloroquina y 0,5% ivermectina. El uso de ceftriaxona y azitromicina fue menos frecuente durante la tercera ola. El uso de hidroxicloroquina fue casi exclusivo de la primera ola. El uso de inmunoglobulina solo se observó en pacientes con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico pediátrico. La indicación de los medicamentos evaluados fue en generalmenor en la tercera ola.
¿Qué necesita nuestra región para fortalecer políticas públicas sobre bebidas azucaradas? diálogo de decisores
Authors: Alcaraz Andrea , Perelli Lucas , Rodriguez María Belén , Palacios Alfredo , Bardach Ariel , Gittens-Baynes Kimberly-Ann , Vianna Cid , Guevara Giovanni , García-Martí Sebastián , Ciapponi Agustín , Augustovski Federico , Belizán María , Pichon-Riviere Andrés
Published: April 2023

Con el objetivo de priorizar políticas públicas para disminuir el consumo de bebidas azucaradas en Argentina, Brasil, El Salvador y Trinidad y Tobago e identificar las necesidades de información relacionadas con la carga de enfermedad atribuible a su consumo se realizó un diálogo de políticas en el que participaron miembros de gobierno, organizaciones de la sociedad civil, investigadores y comunicadores depaíses de Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Se llevaron a cabo exposiciones y talleres deliberativos utilizándose herramientas de recolección de datos semiestructuradas y discusiones grupales facilitadas. Las intervencionespriorizadas fueron el incremento de impuestos, el etiquetado frontal, la restricción de la publicidad,promoción y patrocinio y las modificaciones del entorno escolar. La principal barrera percibida fue la interferencia de la industria alimentaria. La realización de este diálogo de decisores permitió la identificación de las políticas públicas prioritarias para disminuir el consumo de bebidas azucaradas en la región.
Moción de censura versus derecho de disolución: Dos mecanismos incongruentes destinados a entrar en conflicto
Authors: Lázaro Redruello Guillermo de
Published: April 2023

Hasta hace poco, la relación entre la moción de censura y la facultad de disolución del Parlamento en el ordenamiento constitucional de 1978 parecía exenta de complicaciones. Sin embargo, acontecimientos recientes han demostrado que pueden presentarse supuestos de difícil salida, el más grave de los cuales es el empleo simultáneo de ambos procedimientos. Tales problemas se deben principalmente a la inusual y ecléctica estructuración del parlamentarismo español. Este trabajo busca profundizar en el estudio de nuestras instituciones, tratando de ofrecer una nueva perspectiva que vaya más allá de la hermenéutica y tenga en cuenta la previsible interacción entre el derecho y la realidad política.
El ambicioso programa de derechos económicos y sociales de la Constitución portuguesa y su aplicación innovadora por el Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Pedro
Published: April 2023

A pesar de los avances que las constituciones de México y Weimar ofrecieron en el inicio del siglo xx para la protección social de la persona humana, las experiencias traumáticas de la II Guerra Mundial aconsejaron que las siguientes constituciones recuperaran, como máxima prioridad de su programa iusfundamental, la protección de derechos básicos suprimidos por los regímenes totalitarios, resultando en una nueva secundarización de los derechos sociales. Por eso, la iniciativa de la Constitución portuguesa de 1976 para la definición de un programa extraordinariamente generoso de protección de derechos sociales justifica una atenta evaluación de las características de este programa iusfundamental y, sobre todo, de la estrategia adoptada —realmente innovadora y creativa— por el Tribunal Constitucional en su aplicación jurisprudencial. De esta evaluación emergen importantes lecciones para el constitucionalismo contemporáneo, en el cual se reconoce que la persona humana no tiene su dignidad asegurada mientras sus necesidades económicas y sociales no se encuentran debidamente garantizadas por los poderes públicos.
Inteligencia artificial y medidas cautelares en el proceso penal: Tutela judicial efectiva y autodeterminación informativa en potencial riesgo
Authors: Álvarez Buján‍ María Victoria
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se realiza un examen de los riesgos y peligros que el uso presente y futuro de la inteligencia artificial puede suponer, a la hora de adoptar la medida cautelar de prisión provisional, para los derechos de la ciudadanía en general y de los justiciables en particular, haciendo especial hincapié en lo que respecta a los derechos a la autodeterminación informativa y a la tutela judicial efectiva (entendida en sentido amplio). Asimismo, se trata de facilitar pautas que permitan hacer práctico, útil y lícito el empleo de este tipo de sistemas tecnológicos sin caer en el error de exceder los límites marcados por los principios de legalidad y proporcionalidad. Como es evidente, ante el avance que suponen los mecanismos de inteligencia artificial como método de auxilio para la mayor eficacia y agilidad del sistema judicial, el derecho debe asignarse la tarea de incardinar de forma correcta la implementación del uso de dichos recursos en este contexto, preservando las garantías constitucionales.
La depuración constitucional del principio de capacidad económica: La onda expansiva de la STC 182/2021 y los efectos colaterales del estado de alarma sobre la imposición objetiva
Authors: Juan Casadevall Jorge de
Published: April 2023

El trabajo aborda un tema de honda significación constitucional, como es el sometimiento de los llamados impuestos objetivos, es decir, aquellos que hacen una medición de su base imponible con signos o módulos que se consideran expresivos o indiciarios de una manifestación de riqueza, a las exigencias del principio de capacidad económica consagrado en el art. 31 de la Constitución. El autor sostiene que con la reciente STC 182/2021, de 26 de octubre, que declaró la inconstitucionalidad del impuesto sobre el incremento del valor de los terrenos de naturaleza urbana, el Tribunal Constitucional ha depurado la triple funcionalidad operativa del principio constitucional de capacidad económica: como fundamento, como parámetro de imposición y como límite negativo del sistema tributario. Esta acabada doctrina constitucional puede impactar especialmente sobre los impuestos objetivos por su desconexión con la realidad económica sometida a gravamen. En particular, se detiene en el análisis del IAE, que enfrenta desde la doble perspectiva de esta última jurisprudencia constitucional y de los efectos económicos del estado de alarma y sus sucesivas prórrogas, para concluir que este impuesto anacrónico es de dudosa constitucionalidad.
Comparision between functional outcome of scaphoid fracture treated by open reduction internal fixation vs percutaneous fixation
Authors: Patel Jaydeep , Dinkar K S , Kapoor Rajat , Verma Ajay , Dwivedi Saurabh , Pal C P , Verma Ashutosh
Published: April 2023

Scaphoid bone fracture is one of the commonest carpal bone fractures. It is predominantly seen in young population. Unstable or displaced scaphoid fractures can be treated either by primary use of cast immobilization alone, by use of Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) technique or by percutaneous fixation with Herbert screw under direct C arm fluoroscopic guidance. This study aims to review clinical, radiological and function outcome following ORIF technique Vs Percutaneous Fixation Technique in scaphoid fractures.

Cases of acute scaphoid fractures who came to our department and met inclusion and exclusion criterias were identified and included in this study. Clinical details of these patients were obtained and scaphoid radiographs were taken. Injuries were graded as per Herbert and Fisher Classification. All our cases underwent grip-strengthening exercises and relevant physiotherapy Clinico-radiological details of our cases were obtained at each follow-up. Final follow-up of our cases was performed using Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS). Grip strength was graded as per Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and range of motion was assessed using goniometer.

A total of 40 cases were enrolled in our study. 16 patients (40% cases) underwent percutaneous herbert screw fixation and rest of our cases underwent open reduction and internal fixation. Radiological union in cases treated with percutaneous fixation was faster as compared to cases treated by ORIF. Also patients treated with percutaneous method demonstrated higher mean range of motion score, mean grip strength score and activity score.

In our study excellent results have been obtained in cases treated with percutaneous approach in terms of post-operative morbidity and this approach also allows earlier return to sports and work thereby necessitating importance of this approach over ORIF approach in a developing resource poor country like India.
Functional outcome of the intertrochanteric fracture of femur managed by Dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral nail: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Kumar Mithilesh , Kumar Vinod
Published: April 2023

Intertrochanteric fractures are among the most common hip fractures, particularly in the elderly with osteoporotic bones, and are typically caused by low-energy trauma such as simple falls. Although PFN and DHS have been used to treat intertrochanteric fractures, the results and conclusions are inconsistent.

The present Prospective Comparative study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedics, MSDASMC, Bahraich, over 24 months, from June 2019 to June 2021. Intertrochanteric fractures were treated randomly, whether using the Dynamic Hip Screws (DHS) or the proximal femoral nail (PFN). Out of a total of 60 cases, all of them were included. A group of 30 patients was separated into two groups: the first group received 30 Dynamic Hip Screws, while the second group had 30 PFN. Every patient was followed for nine months after their treatment.

In our study, the mean Age in the PFN group was 62.5 ± 4.26, while in the DHS group, it was 63.7 ± 3.78 years. In the present study, a higher Harris Hip score (HHS) was observed in PFN groups. Their intergroup comparison of Harris Hip score between PFN and DHS group revealed significant differences at each follow-up. Furthermore, the minimal blood loss, duration of surgery, and incision size was low in the PFN group, and the difference was statistically significant compared to the DHS group. Mean hospital stay also showed no significant differences.

In the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur, the PFN is a more suitable fixation approach. To the extent that it will further the generalizability and dependability of the research, the demand will be granted.
Osteochondroma of rib: A case report
Authors: Chandge Abhijit , Kulkarni Narendra D , Chandge Ashish M
Published: April 2023

Osteochondroma is the most common benign tumor of bone, occurring either as an isolated lesion or in the context of hereditary multiple exostoses. In both cases, osteochondroma can arise from the ribs, and is often asymptomatic. In fact, the diagnosis often follows the onset of serious complications either from mechanical interference with the neighboring anatomical structures, or from malignant degeneration.,

We present a case of swelling over right side of chest wall in 40 year old male patient. X-ray and CT scan showed bony swelling over right ninth rib. Tumor was resected to avoid future complication. Subsequently, histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma and showed the lack of dysplastic changes.

Various studies have shown that the surgical resection of osteochondroma is necessary in adults to avoid future complications of haemothorax, pneumothorax, intercostals neuralgia and malignant transformation, hence we resected tumor in this case.
SMILE: uma ferramenta computacional baseada em modelos para geração e manipulação de esboço de interface do usuário
Authors: Aguiar Yuska Paola , Lula Júnior Bernardo , Lima Carlos , Lima Giuseppe , Gouveia Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

Metodologias de concepção de interface do usuário apresentam em seu fluxo atividades associadas ao uso de protótipos de interface. O uso de técnicas de prototipagem traz vantagens tanto para o processo quanto para o produto final obtido. Os protótipos de interface podem ser classificados em níveis de fidelidade ao produto final: baixa, média e alta fidelidade. Este artigo descreve SMILE, uma ferramenta para geração automática, edição e simulação de protótipos de média-fidelidade representados na forma de esboços de interface.
Uso de esgoto doméstico tratado na produção de mudas de espécies florestais da caatinga
Authors: Araújo Beranger Arnaldo de , Dantas Neto José , Lima Vera Lúcia Antunes de , Santos Joelma Sales dos
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho objetiva comparar o uso do efluente tratado do esgotamento sanitário doméstico de Campina Grande-PB com o uso de água do abastecimento, na produção de mudas de ipê roxo e jucá, espécies florestais do bioma Caatinga. As variáveis avaliadas quinzenalmente foram diâmetro do colo e altura da muda durante 105 dias. Observou-se que tanto as mudas de ipê roxo quanto as de jucá, irrigadas com a água residuária tiveram desenvolvimento superior ao tratamento com água do abastecimento. Os resultados mostraram que a água residuária de origem de esgotamento sanitário doméstico pode ser utilizada em viveiros de produção de mudas florestais dessas essências florestais, pois todas as plantas se mostraram vigorosas e com bom desenvolvimento vegetativo.
Mais que uma discussão em torno da conservação e uso correto da água: uma problemática de saúde pública
Authors: Alves Arilde Franco , Nóbrega Kalline Andrade , Silva Simone Patrícia
Published: April 2023

Através da estreita relação homem-natureza é que devemos abordar Saúde Pública, relacionando-a diretamente ao saneamento ambiental. Assim, nesse espaço vivo construído estaremos abordando uma situação sanitária e ambiental, relacionada ao uso da água. Trata-se, pois, de trazer ao conhecimento e, logicamente, provocar o debate em torno da problemática sanitária dos moradores que abrangem a bacia hidrográfica do Rio do Cabelo, especialmente dos que residem na comunidade da Penha, localizada no litoral de João Pessoa-PB. Nessa comunidade a água ainda é um importante recurso às inúmeras atividades domésticas (uso) e produtivas (pesca). No entanto, a presença da ação humana, como agente poluidor tem gerado uma preocupante realidade, onde destacamos, dentre os inúmeros impactos, a poluição da água. Pela pesquisa, verificamos uma grande quantidade de residências ainda sem um sistema de esgotamento sanitário (77% com fossas sépticas) e um elevado percentual utilizando água sem qualquer tipo de tratamento (43,5%). Verificamos também a presença de inúmeras doenças (Diarreias infecciosas – 15%, Ecxantemas – 10%, Hepatite – 65%, etc.), seguramente relacionadas ao uso da água, confirmando a amplitude do conjunto de problemas ambientais (assoreamento do rio, desmatamento, queimadas, dejetos animais, lixo, etc.), que podem, em médio prazo, serem minimizados, desde que sejam implementadas incisivas ações técnicas e educativas, envolvendo toda a comunidade.
Diagnóstico da coleta seletiva em condomínios no bairro de Manaíra na cidade de João Pessoa-PB
Authors: Leal Claudiana Maria Da Silva , Nicolau Sandra Helena Fernandes , Oliveira Danielle Do Nascimento Silva , Santana Carlos Lima de , Barbosa Henrique De Oliveira , Padilha Wilton Wilney Nascimento
Published: April 2023

O crescimento acelerado das cidades e o aumento no consumo de produtos industrializados e descartáveis têm ocasionado um acréscimo no volume dos resíduos sólidos e isso tem trazido vários problemas para a sociedade, dentre eles, a carência de áreas para o destino final do lixo. Uma alternativa apresentada para redução desses resíduos nos aterros sanitários é a coleta seletiva do lixo que traz como benefícios o prolongamento da vida útil dos aterros sanitários, menor agressão ao meio ambiente, diminuição na extração dos recursos naturais além de proporcionar inclusão social dos agentes ambientais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi elaborar um diagnóstico da coleta seletiva na geração dos resíduos sólidos em condomínios no bairro de Manaíra na cidade de João Pessoa, visto que não existiam dados precisos. O método de abordagem do estudo foi indutivo, com procedimento estatístico descritivo. A técnica da pesquisa utilizada foi a de documentação indireta (análise de documentos) e observação direta intensiva, com aplicação de questionário com 16 questões para coleta de dados junto aos síndicos. O universo da pesquisa foi de 242 condomínios residenciais e comerciais numa amostra de 70% deste universo, totalizando 170 condomínios. Tomando como referência os dados obtidos, podemos destacar que, dos 91 síndicos que se disponibilizaram a responder os questionários, apenas 6,5% condomínios realizam a coleta seletiva, enquanto que 93,5% síndicos não implantaram o sistema de coleta seletiva nos condomínios. Com isso, conclui-se que a prática da coleta seletiva na geração dos resíduos sólidos nos condomínios no bairro de Manaíra é muito baixa.
Alto fator de potência em conversor CA-CA monofásico-trifásico obtido em malha aberta
Authors: Santos Júnior Euzeli Cipriano dos , Lira Valnyr Vasconcelos , Silva Edison Roberto Cabral da
Published: April 2023

O principal objetivo deste artigo é propor um novo conversor CA-CA monofásico trifásico a partir do Conversor de Nabae. O conversor proposto apresenta alto fator de potência e forma de onda senoidal para a corrente de entrada, sem nenhuma estratégia complicada de modulação por largura de pulsos e sem nenhuma malha de controle que necessitaria leituras de correntes e tensões. A configuração proposta pode operar com frequência de saída variável, em aplicações como acionamento de máquinas, ou com frequência de saída fixa, em aplicações como UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply). As principais características da configuração proposta são também apresentadas. Resultados de simulação e experimentais são mostrados para validação do estudo teórico.
Propuesta de diseño de un programa para la gestión del riesgo en la Corporación Universitaria Americana, sede Montería
Authors: Acosta Gómez Anyela María , Ballesteros Herrera Merjoury , Becerra Ossa Jhennys Paola , Humanez Petro Biviana Esther
Published: April 2023

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior, al igual que cualquier empresa, necesitan contar con un programa para la gestión de riesgos, ya que esto les permite conocer aquellas debilidades o amenazas que, de no ser tratadas a tiempo, pueden materializarse y convertirse en un riesgo que puede ser muy alto, alto, medio o bajo. Por esta razón, la presente investigación tuvo como epicentro la Corporación Universitaria Americana, sede Montería, donde se desarrolló un estudio aplicado bajo un enfoque cualitativo que usó técnicas de recolección de datos como lista de chequeo, lluvia de ideas y grupos focales. Se realizó un análisis externo e interno de la información a través de la matriz DOFA (Debilidades, Oportunidades, Fortalezas, Amenazas) y PESTA (Políticos, Económicos, Sociocultural, Tecnológico, Ambiental). Lo anterior dio como resultado que los riesgos analizados quedaron ubicados en la zona de inaceptable del mapa de calor de zonas de riesgo. Por lo cual, se elaboró un plan de contingencias y de respuesta en el programa y se estableció la estructura de gestión del riesgo en la institución objeto de estudio.
Agricultural plant hyperspectral imaging dataset
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Gaidel A.V. ,   Samara National Research University,   Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» or Russian Academy of Sciences, Podlipnov V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University,   Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» or Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivliev N.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University,   Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» or Russian Academy of Sciences, Paringer R.A. ,   IPSI RAS - Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University,   Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» or Russian Academy of Sciences, Ishkin P.A. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Mashkov S.V. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Skidanov R.V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS - Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: April 2023

Detailed automated analysis of crop images is critical to the development of smart agriculture and can significantly improve the quantity and quality of agricultural products. A hyperspectral camera potentially allows to extract more information about the observed object than a conventional one, so its use can help in solving problems that are difficult to solve with conventional methods. Often, predictive models that solve such problems require a large dataset for training. However, sufficiently large datasets of hyperspectral images of agricultural plants are not currently publicly available. Therefore, we present a new dataset of hyperspectral images of plants in this paper. This dataset can be accessed via URL https://pypi.org/project/HSI-Dataset-API/. It contains 385 hyperspectral images with a spatial resolution of 512 by 512 pixels and spectral resolution of 237 spectral bands. The images were captured in the summer of 2021 in Samara and Novocherkassk (Russia) using Offner based Imaging Hyperspectrometer of our own production. The article demonstrates the work of some basic approaches to the analysis of hyperspectral images using the dataset and states problems for further solving.
Huge spikes and dips of the orbital angular momentum in structured Laguerre-Gaussian beams resistant to simple astigmatism
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Volyar A.V. , Abramochkin E.G. ,   Lebedev Physical Institute, Akimova Ya.E. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Bretsko M.V. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: April 2023

The article investigated conditions for shaping astigmatic-invariant structured Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams in the case of simple astigmatism. We have theoretically and experimentally confirmed that the conditions of astigmatic invariance are that the q-phase parameter of the structured LG (sLG) beam is equal to the arctangent of the ratio of the Rayleigh length z0 to the focal length fcyl of a cylindrical lens for a single amplitude parameter of epsilon;=1. For the rest amplitude parameter values, epsilon;NotEqual;1, the astigmatic invariance condition is set by the equality of the orbital angular momenta (OAM) of structured sLG and astigmatic-invariant sLG (asLG) beams. We have also found sharp spikes and dips of the OAM in astigmatic asLG beams in the region where OAM turns into zero. The height and depth of these spikes and dips significantly exceed the maximum and minimum OAM values in the conventional structured sLG beams. It has been shown that the occurrence of spikes and dips of the OAM is caused by a radical restructuring of the LG mode spectra in the form of their strong ordering. Theoretical calculations, accompanied by a computer simulation, and an experiment agree well with each other.
A Comprehensive Review on T Cells, B Cells, Natural Killer Cells, and Dendritic Cells Exhaustion: From Main Concepts to Clinical Use
Authors: Sadrabadi Amin Ebrahimi , Masoudnia Mina , Bakhshi Haniye , Jalili Arsalan , Aghdami Nasser
Published: April 2023

During chronic infections, a distinct physiological condition named “exhaustion” arises that is associated with the dysfunctionality in immune cells and their eventual removal from the environment, which evidently help the progress of infection or tumors in human or animal bodies. This state of immune cells could be under the control of different elements such as the antigen load, help from inhibitory cells, lack of costimulatory signals and etc. Exhaustion that has been found in different immune system cells, is usually accompanied by impaired effector function and proliferation of immune cells, poor memory recall, upregulation of inhibitory molecules, compromised metabolism and altered transcription program, and is considered a reversible process, unlike other physiological states like anergy or senescence, organized through the blockage of several factors. Although the emergence of these cells in viral infections and cancer is an undesirable event, the importance of the presence of exhausted cells in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation is highlighted as a positive change. In this review, we aimed to determine the occurrence of this process in different immune cells, the characteristics obtained by these cells, effective and primitive factors on exhaustion, metabolic and transcriptional cell changes, and the use of these cells in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation.
Are Non-Structural Proteins From SARS-CoV-2 the Target of Hydroxychloroquine? An in Silico Study
Authors: Guimarães Silva Ériky Fernandes , Fernandes Bruna , Pinto Luan Gabriel , Marcuss Angélica De Fátima , Dillmann Groto Anderson , Nayara Teixeira Kádima
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which has structural and non-structural proteins (NSP) essential for infection and viral replication. There is a possible binding of SARS-CoV-2 to the beta-1 chain of hemoglobin in red blood cells and thus, decreasing the oxygen transport capacity. Since hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can accumulate in red cells, there is a chance of interaction of this drug with the virus. To analyze possible interactions between SARS-CoV-2 NSP and hemoglobin with the HCQ using molecular docking and implications for the infected host. This research consisted of a study using bioinformatics tools. The files of the protein structures and HCQ were prepared using the AutoDock Tools software. These files were used to perform molecular docking simulations by AutoDock Vina. The binding affinity report of the generated conformers was analyzed using PyMol software, as well as the chemical bonds formed. The results showed that HCQ is capable of interacting with both SARS-CoV-2 NSP and human hemoglobin. The HCQ/NSP3 conformer, HCQ/NSP5, HCQ/NSP7-NSP8-NSP12, HCQ/NSP9, HCQ/NSP10-NSP16 showed binding affinity. In addition, the interaction between HCQ and hemoglobin resulted in polar bonds. Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 NSP and HCQ indicates that this drug possibly acts by preventing the continuity of infection.
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella in stool among patients presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary care centre in south India
Authors: Sachu Arun
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Bacterial causes of gastroenteritis include Salmonella, Shigella spp, diarrheagenic Esche- richia coli, Vibrio cholera and Campylobacter spp. Although infections caused by NTS (Non Typhoidal Salmonella) and Shigella are usually self-limiting, antibiotic treatment is prefered in severely ill or immunocompromised individuals. The main objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among the stool samples received in Believers Church Medical College hospital and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp.
Materials and Methods: A total of 805 stool samples collected from cases of diarrhea from January 2018 to December 2021 were processed in the laboratory. Standard bacteriological methods were used to isolate, identify, and determine the antimi- crobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella isolates using the disc diffusion method and interpreted according to CLSI.
Results: A total of 100 (12.4%) samples yielded bacterial pathogens. Salmonella was isolated from 97 (12%) samples and Shigella from 3 (0.4%) samples. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was the predominant serotype, accounting for 53 (54.6%) isolates.
Conclusion: This study showed Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as the predominant isolate causing diarrheal illness. The emergence of multidrug resistant phenotypes warrants the continuous monitoring of susceptibility trend of NTS in India.
In vivo efficiency of the produced recombinant lysostaphin antimicrobial peptide in treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infection in a mouse model
Authors: Abbasian Shabnam Sadoogh , Ghaznavi-Rad Ehsanollah , Sadelaji Samira , Abtahi Hamid
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus simulans secretes an antimicrobial compound called lysostaphin, which has bactericidal properties. It destroys staphylococci through the hydrolysis of peptidoglycan in the cell wall. Therefore, this unique property indicates the high ability of lysostaphin in the treatment of staphylococcal infections and is considered as an anti-staphylococcal agent.
Materials and Methods: Escherichia coli  BL21 (DE3) competent cells were transformed with pET32a-lysostaphin clone and induced by isopropyl-β-D-thio-galactoside (IPTG). The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography. Recombinant lysostaphin -A-based ointment was used for external wound healing in animal model. In vivo activity of oint- ment was evaluated by clinical evidences and cytological microscopic assessment.
Results: Our results showed the recombinant protein was produced exactly. The results of checkerboard tests showed MIC, MBC and antibacterial activity test an acute reduction of cell viability during the use of lysostaphin, and SEM results ap- proved the intense wrecking effects of lysostaphin in combination on bacterial cells. Macroscopic findings and microscopic data showed that the recombinant lysostaphin ointment was effective on excisional wound healing.
Conclusion: Our findings proved that the recombinant lysostaphin ointment was effective on wound healing due to Staphy- lococcus aureus infection.
Plant growth promoting and antagonistic traits of bacteria isolated from forest soil samples
Authors: Chowhan Lavudya Bindu , Imran Mir Mohammad , Sabra Mayada A , El-Habbab Ahmed A , Kumar B Kiran
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Sustainability in agricultural systems without compromising the environmental quality and conservation is one of the major concerns of today’s world. The excessive use of agrochemicals is posing serious threats to the environment. Therefore identification of efficient plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria as an alternative to chemically synthesized fertilizers is of great interest.
Materials and Methods: In the present investigation, forest soil samples collected were used for isolation of efficient plant growth promoting bacteria.
Results: Total of 14 bacteria were isolated, and tested for various PGP properties. Out of the 14 isolates, four isolates la- belled as BKOU-1, BKOU-8, BKOU-13 and BKOU-14 showed significant plant growth promoting traits, hydrolytic enzyme production and effectively restricted the mycelial development of phyto-pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum and Mac- rophomina phaseolina). 16 S rRNA gene sequences of the bacterial isolates BKOU-1, BKOU-8, BKOU-13 and BKOU-14 were found to have maximum identity with Bacillus aerius, Bacillus infantis, Alcaligenes faecalis and Klebsiella Oxytoca respectively. All four bacterial isolates nucleotide sequences were submitted to GenBank and NCBI accession numbers were generated as follows: OL721916, OL721918, OL721919 and OL721926.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, these PGPR could be employed as biofertilizers/ biopesticides to boost crop yield of different crops in sustainable manner.
Identification and pattern of antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from cases of vaginitis in a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Bashir Gulnaz , Altaf Insha , Khurshid Rabia , Ahmed Tufail , Ali Aamir , Zaffar Sofia
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most frequent reasons for gynecological consul- tations. Candida albicans is responsible in the majority of cases. Lately, VVC caused by non-albicans Candida spp. (NAC), which are resistant to routinely used antifungals, is on the rise. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of Candida in patients suffering from vaginitis and to assess the predisposing factors along with identification of Candida species and evaluation of their susceptibility profile.
Materials and Methods: High vaginal swabs were collected from 225 women. Sample processing consisted of Gram stain and culture onto Sabouraud’s dextrose agar and HiChrom Candida Differential agar. Isolates were identified and speciated using VITEK2 Compact System. Susceptibility testing was done using VITEK2 AST-Y S08 cards and disc diffusion.
Results: Candida spp. were isolated from 94 (41.8%) of the cases. C. albicans was the predominant species (71.6%) fol- lowed by other NAC spp. (28.4%). Pregnancy and diabetes were the most frequently implicated risk factors (67.1% and 44.4%). High resistance was observed in NAC spp. as opposed to C. albicans to all antifungal agents tested.
Conclusion: Empirical therapy with routinely used antifungals can be initiated for C. albicans. In the case of NAC spp., identification should be followed by susceptibility testing.