bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Peduli Lingkungan dan Pencegahan Covid–19 Melalui Pengadaan Tempat Sampah, Hand Sanitizer, dan Tempat Cuci Tangan
Authors: Rahmawati Noni Mia , Putri Sindi Novita Yolanda , Burohman Deni Adi , Kelilauw Agus Salim , Wijaya Indra Kusuma , Lamury Fahdin Fadilah , Fatrunisah Irma , Marwah Sofiatul , Zahro Azimatus , Ayun Fitriya Qurota , Atika Nur
Published: March 2022

Kebersihan lingkungan dan kebersihan diri adalah faktor utama dalam mewujudkan masyarakat yang sehat. Pengelolaan sampah menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam menciptakan, menjaga, dan meningkatkan kebersihan lingkungan. Selain itu dalam situasi pandemi COVID-19 saat ini, menjaga kebersihan tangan sebagai bagian kebersihan diri mutlak dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19. Di Desa Glanggang, Kecamatan Pakisaji, Kabupaten Malang, masyarakat masih kurang peduli terhadap kebersihan lingkungan dan masih kurang memahami pentingnya menjaga kebersihan tangan. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menekankan pada pelaksanaan berbagai kegiatan sosialisasi peduli lingkungan dan pentingnya mencuci tangan. Langkah-langkah yang dilaksanakan dalam pelaksanaan program ini adalah pengadaan tempat sampah dan tempat cuci tangan di beberapa tempat publik di desa tersebut, serta pembagian hand sanitizer kepada warga desa. Berbagai langkah ini dilakukan dalam jangka waktu tiga minggu dan mendapat sambutan baik dari warga desa. Diharapkan berbagai kegiatan yang dilakukan tersebut dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik dan menumbuhkan kesadaran warga Desa Glanggang tentang pentingnya kebersihan lingkungan dan kebiasaan menjaga kebersihan tangan sebagai upaya untuk mewujudkan masyarakat desa yang sehat.
Pembuatan Eco-Enzyme sebagai Solusi Pengolahan Limbah Rumah Tangga
Authors: Junaidi Rifqi Junaidi , Zaini Muhammad , Ramadhan Ramadhan , Hasan Muhammad , Ranti Bryen Yuzac Zein Baneka , Firmansyah Muhammad Wahyu , Umayasari Silvia , Sulistyo Anggi , Aprilia Rochmathul Duwi , Hardiansyah Fahrudin
Published: March 2022

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pengelolaan sampah dengan membuat eco-enzyme adalah untuk membantu memudahkan masyarakat dalam mengolah limbah rumah tangga di Dusun Kandangan, Desa Gunungsari, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Pada masa pandemi ini, kegiatan pengelolaan sampah ini bisa menjadi solusi dalam menghemat pengeluaran rumah tangga. Hal ini dikarenakan hasil fermentasi dari eco-enzyme mempunyai banyak manfaat seperti pembersih lantai alami, pembersih kloset, bisa melancarkan saluran air yang tersumbat. Selain itu, bisa juga digunakan untuk menyiram tanaman akan memberi hasil buah, bunga, atau panen yang lebih dan dapat mengusir serangga-serangga pengganggu. Ampas sampah organik yang sudah difermentasi bisa digunakan sebagai bahan untuk kebersihan dan juga sebagai pupuk organik yang baik. Modal untuk membuatnya juga murah dan praktis.
Pengolahan Jamu Tradisional sebagai Minuman Peningkat Imunitas Tubuh
Authors: Tito Sama’ Iradat , Ma’ruf Muhammad , Roikhana Arina , Maghfirah Lailatul , Setiawati Sulis , Chumairoh Zuhrotul , Mufida Nur , Hasanah Durrotul
Published: March 2022

Jamu merupakan obat tradisonal dengan bahan dasarnya berasal dari alam dengan pemberian dari warisan budaya secara turun-temurun dari generasi ke generasi. Dimasa pandemi Covid-19 ini, masyarakat disarankan untuk banyak mengonsumsi jamu dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh selama pandemi ini. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan yakni melakukan sosialisasi kepada Ibu PKK serta perangkat Desa Srimulyo tentang pengolahan jamu tradisonal yang mempunyai potensi sebagai minuman peningkat imunitas tubuh. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode pendekatan langsung, cerama dan praktek. Metode pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang ada di Desa Srimulyo. Metode ceramah dilakukan memberikan informasi tentang manfaat dari jamu tradisional sebagai minuman meningkatkan imunitas tubuh. Metode praktek dilakukan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengolahan jamu tradisional yang baik dan benar. Hasil yang didapat melalui kuisioner uji organoleptik didapat nilai rata-rata rasa olahan jamu tradisional 3.60, nilai rata-rata aroma olahan jamu tradisional 3.85, nilai rata-rata warna olahan jamu tradisional 3.75, dan nilai rata-rata kesukaan olahan  jamu tradisional 3.70.
Jamu Herbal sebagai Penguat Imun untuk Penangkal Covid-19
Authors: Ashsyarofi Hisbul Luthfi , Qotika Siti , Anggun DP Laila Nanda , Kusumawardhani Lintang Dian , Rianti Nada Mulya , Amalia Putri Idayatul , Wati Sonia Fatma , Millah Niyah Daniyatul , Taewa Abdurrahman , Alwi Ridwan Achmad , Hidayatullah Syarif , Nurmazunita Kurnia , A'yun Siti Qurrotu , Kamili Rd. A. Faqih Al
Published: March 2022

Covid-19 merupakan virus yang dapat menyebar melalui dreplet (Percikan dari mulut ke hidung) pada waktu ketika seseorang berbicara, batuk dan bersin yang berasal dari saluran pernapasan. Dalam hal ini bisa juga menyebar melalui kontak secara dekat dengan orang yang terinfeksi serta melalui benda yang sudah terkontaminasi dengan covid-19. Dengan adanya KSM Tematik Universitas Islam Malang ini untuk melakukan kegiatan pencegahan penyebaran covid-19, serta memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya penerapan prokes terutama 5M, agar bisa membiasakan untuk mengkonsumsi rempah-rempah guna meningkatkan imun tubuh seperti jamu dan melakukan pembagian brosur tentang vaksinasi covid-19.KSM Tematik Universitas Islam Malang telah berhasil melakukan kegiatan tersebut dengan pembuatan jamu 20 botol, pembagian masker dan pembagian brosur ke rumah-rumah warga, 1 mushola serta beberapa masyarakat yangberada di RT lain kurang lebih 19 orang. Dengan adanya kegiatan tersebut diharapkan masyarakat akan selalu menaati prokes dan menjaga kesehatan tubuh.
Manajemen Sampah dan Digitalisasi Database TPST 3R melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Athia Ita , Maharani Ashifa , Ikromah Desti , Dwi Vicky , Bella Dwi , Aini Siti Nur , Ivan M. , Prasetya Andy , Rizal M. , Amar Yusril
Published: March 2022

Sampah menjadi problem tersendiri bagi lingkungan masyarakat, baik di pedesaan maupun di perkotaan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat Desa Kendalpayak, Kabupaten Malang, dalam program pengelolaan sampah untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih, memperbaiki karakteristik sampah, menambah nilai ekonomis sampah dan mengadministrasikan data sampah secara digital. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah (1). Observasi lapangan dan wawancara pada pengelola TPST Langgeng Jaya. (2). Sosialisasi dan mengedukasi masyarakat desa Kendalpayak. (3). Melakukan program 3R (Reduce-Reuse-Recylcle). (4). Mentranformasi database TPST 3R Langgeng Jaya ke arah digital. (5). Monitoring dan evaluasi hasil. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah kegiatan berlangsung antara lain adalah masyarakat lebih sadar akan sampah dan ikut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan memilih, memilah, mengolah dan memanfaatkan sampah yang telah didaur ulang.
MENEJEMEN SARANA PRASARANA DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU LULUSAN DI MTs NEGERI TRIWARNO KUTOWINANGUN KEBUMEN
Authors: Safingudin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Sarana prasarana merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusan, Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen dalam dua tahun terakhir ini sangat konsen terhadap pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengkaji dan membahas Perencanaan Menejemen Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan  di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen, (2) Menganalisi Pengorganisasian Manajemen Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan  di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen. (3). Menganalisis dan Membahas Pengarahan Manajemen Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan  di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen. (4). Menganalisis Pengendalian Manajemen Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan  di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen, pada bulan Mei sampai Oktober 2017. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Madrasah dan Waka Sarana Prasarana MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen. Adapun informan dalam penelitian adalah Guru dan Siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan Triangulasi data dan Triangulasi sumber. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode interaktif, pengumpulan data, penyajian data, reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Menejemen sarana dan prasarana dalam peningkatan mutu lulusan di MTs Negeri Triwarno Kutowinangun Kebumen dilakukan dengan (1) Perencanaan Sarana dan Prasarana (Planing), yaitu rapat koordinasi madrasah, penetapan program madrasah, serta penetapan kebutuhan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan. (2) Pengorganisasian Sarana dan Prasarana (Organizing) meliputi  pengaturan  struktur   organisasi  pengelola   sarana   dan  prasarana, pembagian tugas kerja/job deskripsi, pengaturan alat dan bahan praktek, serta pengaturan kegiatan praktek. (3) Pengarahan Sarana dan Prasarana (Actuating) berupa pengadaan, pemeliharaan dan penghapusan sarana dan prasarana. (4) Pengontrolan Sarana dan Prasarana (Controling) dilakukan dengan inventarisasi. Penggunaan sarana dan prasarana hendaknya disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan agar diperoleh manfaat dari penggunaan tersebut. Seluruh warga madrasah hendaknya memanfaatkan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki madrasah agar tidak terbuang percuma hanya menjadi hiasan saja karena pada dasarnya semua fasilitas madrasah diadakan untuk memberikan layanan yang terbaik kepada semua warga madrasah. Pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana madrasah tidak hanya diserahkan pada petugas yang menanganinya saja tetapi sumbangsih atau proaktif semua warga madrasah juga diperlukan agar semua program yang direncanakan  dalam   pemeliharaan  madrasah  dapat   terealisasikan dengan baik demi kelangsungan proses pendidikan di madrasah.

Kata kunci: Manajemen, Sarana Prasarana, Mutu Lulusan
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME GURU DI SMP NEGERI 40 PURWOREJO
Authors: Zulaikah Siti
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini didasari oleh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang cukup baik. Sehubungan dengan hal itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 40 Purworejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif yang menitik beratkan pada gejala secara alamiah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan logika  berpikir  ilmiah.  Adapun  teknik  pengumpulan  data  pada  penelitian  ini diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan triangulasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data kemudian merumuskan kesimpulan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan. Ada tiga hal yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) kemampuan manajerial kepala sekolah kaitannya dengan chief officer dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 40 Purworejo terbukti nyata menghasilkan produk visi dan misi sekolah yang telah dilaksanakan dengan baik meskipun masih belum semuanya, dan untuk mencapainya  dibutuhkan  kerja sama yang baik dengan semua elemen sekolah; peran dari kepala sekolah untuk menciptakan suasana yang harmonis di lingkungan sekolah, dengan memberikan tugas guru sesuai tupoksinya dan guru dapat menjalankan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya dengan profesional; memberi kesempatan kepada tenaga pendidik untuk meningkatkan profesinya; (2) kemampuan Sense of business Kepala Sekolah dalam  meningkatkan profesionalisme guru, dibuktikan dengan kemampuan kepala sekolah dalam mengelola dana pendidikan terutama dalam mencari sumber dana pendidikan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan; (3) kemampuan sense of education kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru, yang di buktikan dengan kemampuan kepala sekolah dalam melakukan pembinaan mental, pembinaan moral, pembinaan fisik dan pembinaan artistik  yang di laksanakan secara terprogram.
Nocturnal distributions of juvenile Pacific salmon along an eco-engineered marine shoreline
Authors: Accola KL , Horne JK , Cordell JR , Toft JD
Published: March 2022

Nocturnal distributions and habitat preferences of juvenile fish along urban shorelines are understudied relative to daytime investigations. As a case study, nocturnal distributions of juvenile Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) among ecological engineered and conventional seawall and pier habitats were characterized from May through August 2019 along the Seattle, WA, USA, waterfront. A multibeam sonar mounted beneath a kayak enabled day-night fish density comparisons to identify distribution and habitat use differences. Ecological engineering included mattresses (mesh bags filled with rocks) to create intertidal benches, a textured seawall to increase invertebrate colonization, and embedded glass blocks in an overhanging sidewalk to increase ambient light. Overall juvenile salmon night presence was twice that of daytime, and counts were 1.5 times higher during peak salmon densities. Juvenile salmon presence in eco-engineered and reference habitats was more similar at night compared to day. At night, juvenile salmon avoided traditional under-pier habitats and were more likely to navigate around piers that lack nearshore eco-engineered habitats. Increased use of eco-engineered habitats by juvenile salmon at night highlights the need to incorporate diel fish distribution differences in resource abundance estimates, and in the design and construction of coastline modifications.
Decoupling linked coral and fish trait structure
Authors: Anderson L , McLean M , Houk P , Graham C , Kanemoto K , Terk E , McLeod E , Beger M
Published: March 2022

In coral reef systems, increasingly frequent, severe climate change-driven disturbances are responsible for declines in vulnerable species, and a reorganisation of assemblages. Whilst these changes will certainly elicit shifts in ecosystem functioning, how trait distributions and cross-taxon interactions are altered remains largely unmeasured, hampering our ability to predict functional shifts and target management actions to support reef health and recovery. We quantify trait distributions and interactions between habitat-engineering corals affected by a coral-bleaching mortality and associated fished reef fish assemblages. First, we assess changes in the proportional contributions of different traits pre- vs. post-disturbance. We then quantify changes in the trait associations that underpin cross-taxon interactions, and test relationships between coral and fish traits. The effects of reef type and survey atoll on coral trait structure are most influential, and there is a subtle temporal shift over the survey period. The trait structure of the fish assemblage remains stable. This suggests a simplification of the coral assemblage as vulnerable species disappear. The stability of the fish trait assemblage could indicate a lagged response, limited reliance on coral habitat, influence of other drivers or relative resilience. However, when examining traits of both taxa together, we discover that associations between individual coral and fish traits break down over time. We find reduced co-structure between the assemblages’ trait distributions, altering the associations between taxa. Our study signals weakened associations of fishes with their habitat as coral assemblages degrade with climate change, potentially disrupting the ecosystem functions that support services of coral reefs.
Pathological postural postures in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Kopishinskaya S. V. , Velichko I. A. , Korotysh M. A.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this review is to analyze the data of the modern literature on pathological postural postures in neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides data on the prevalence, clinical presentation, and treatment of axial postural deformities in parkinsonism and other neurodegenerative diseases. It also discusses possible pathophysiological mechanisms that require further study. Postural pathological postures were divided into deformities in the sagittal or frontal plane in accordance with the plane in which the deformity predominates. The most common pathological postural positions in neurodegenerative diseases are camptocormia, Pisa syndrome, antecollis, retrocollis, and scoliosis. Epidemiological studies of pathological postural postures in various neurodegenerative diseases are necessary to understand the frequency of occurrence of these conditions in the population and are necessary to identify and describe new types of postures. The study of the pathomechanism of each specific pathological posture in a particular patient is necessary to understand the tactics of managing this patient. The use of rehabilitation regimens of drug and non-drug therapy, depending on the type of course and the severity of the pathological postural posture, will help prevent this often irreversible condition and reduce the number of complications, for example, falls in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Abstracts of young scientists presented for XVIII Interdisciplinary Conference ‘Wein Readings’ (February 10–12, 2022, Moscow)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: March 2022

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Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal pain syndromes in chest
Authors: Barinov A. N. , Iakovleva E. V. , Akhmedzhanova L. T.
Published: March 2022

Chest pain is associated with adolescence and old age, female sex, tall stature, stoop, overweight, musculoskeletal pain of other localization, maladaptive movement patterns of work and rest, and accompanying psychological problems. Analysis of the literature data regarding the diagnosis and treatment of thoracalgias, as well as our own clinical experience, show that the work of a multidisciplinary team is most effective in overcoming pain.
Analisis Hukum Kebijakan Penetapan Kawasan Rencana Detil Tata Ruang Terkait Izin Pembangunan di Kawasan Teluk Kendari
Authors: Mahardian Mahardian , Jufri Muhammad , Sensu La
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis instrumen yuridis dalam reklamasi Teluk Kendari sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip pengelolaan lingkungan hidup berkelanjutan, menganalisis rencana detail tata ruang terhadap pengembangan kawasan Teluk Kendari sebagai pusat bisnis terpadu, pariwisata dan konservasi, menganalisis implementasi rencana detail tata ruang Teluk Kendari Terkait izin pembangunan dan pemanfaatan kawasan Teluk Kendari. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual dan pendekatan kasus, penelitian ini menjawab masalah reklamasi Teluk Kendari seharusnya dilakukan dengan memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip pengelolaan lingkungan hidup berkelanjutan dan bertentangan dengan peraturan-perundang-undangan dibidang perizinan, tata ruang, dan lingkungan hidup, namun pemerintah dalam melakukan reklamasi di Teluk Kendari terlihat hanya melakukan proses reklamasi berupa pembangunan sarana fisik untuk menciptakan kawasan pusat bisnis terpadu, pariwisata dan konservasi.
Platelet-Activating Biominerals Enhanced Injectable Hydrogels With Superior Bioactivity for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Chen Xin , Yan Jiajun , Jiang Yingying , Fan Yunshan , Ying Zhengran , Tan Shuo , Zhou Zhi , Liu Junjian , Chen Feng , He Shisheng
Published: March 2022

Refractory bone fracture, which is difficult to be treated, is a common clinical disease. Taking inspiration from the natural process of bone regeneration, we provide a biomimetic strategy to develop a new injectable biomaterial for repairing bone defects, which is mainly composed of platelets, fibrins, and biominerals. Biomineral nanoparticles (EACPNs) with an amorphous phase are prepared by an enzyme-catalyzed route and display a platelet-activating property. The composite hydrogel (EPH) of EACPNs, fibrins, and platelets is injectable, and has similar chemical properties to natural materials in bone regeneration. The dried EPH samples display a highly porous structure, which would be favorable for cell attachment and growth. The results from in vitro studies indicate that EPH has high biocompatibility and superior bioactivity in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSCs). Furthermore, the results from in vivo studies clearly indicate that EPH can induce the formation of new collagen and vessels in the defect area, thus leading to faster regeneration of bone defects at 2 weeks. Our study provides a strategy for designing new biomimetic materials, which may be favorable in the treatment of refractory bone fracture.
Chemokine CCL17 Affects Local Immune Infiltration Characteristics and Early Prognosis Value of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ye Ting , Zhang Xuefang , Dong Yongjian , Liu Jing , Zhang Wenfeng , Wu Fenglin , Bo Huaben , Shao Hongwei , Zhang Rongxin , Shen Han
Published: March 2022

CCL17 is an important chemokine that plays a vital immunomodulatory role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Analysis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) data in Kaplan–Meier plotter databases found that the overall survival of patients in the CCL17 high-expression group was higher than that of the low-expression group, especially for patients with early (stages I and II) LUAD, which has a more positive prognostic value. Expression of CCL17 in LUAD was positively correlated with the proportion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immunostimulators, and major histocompatibility complexes using the TISIDB databases. Based on the RNA-seq and clinical data of 491 LUAD patients obtained from the TCGA database, 1,455 differential genes were found between the CCL17 high- and low-expression groups. Using WGCNA analysis confirmed that the expression of differential genes in the blue module is negatively correlated with poor survival and clinical stages of LUAD patients, and CCL17 and CCR4 genes belong to the hub genes in the blue module. Further analysis by the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm found that the naive B cells and CD8+ T cells in the CCL17 high-expression group have a higher distribution ratio in the early LUAD patients, and the high immune score has a positive relationship with the overall survival rate. Using somatic mutation data of TCGA-LUAD, we found that 1) the tumor mutation burden values of the CCL17 high-expression group were significantly lower than those of the CCL17 low-expression group and 2) the expression levels of CCL17 and the tumor mutation burden values were negatively correlated. Transwell chemotaxis and cytotoxicity assays confirmed that CCL17 contributes to the migration of CCR4-positive lymphocytes into the H1993 LUAD TME and enhances the specific lysis of LUAD cells. In summary, high expression of CCL17 in the LUAD TME promotes local immune cell infiltration and antitumor immune response, which may contribute to the better survival and prognosis of patients with early LUAD.
Comprehensive Analysis of DNA 5-Methylcytosine and N6-Adenine Methylation by Nanopore Sequencing in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lili , Rong Weiqi , Ma Jie , Li Hexin , Tang Xiaokun , Xu Siyuan , Wang Luyao , Wan Li , Zhu Qing , Jiang Boyue , Su Fei , Cui Hongyuan
Published: March 2022

DNA methylation is a widespread epigenetic signal in human genome. With Nanopore technology, differential methylation modifications including 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 6-methyladenine (6mA) can be identified. 5mC is the most important modification in mammals, although 6mA may also function in growth and development as well as in pathogenesis. While the role of 5mC at CpG islands in promoter regions associated with transcriptional regulation has been well studied, but the relationship between 6mA and transcription is still unclear. Thus, we collected two pairs of tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgical samples for Nanopore sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. It was found that 2,373 genes had both 5mC and 6mA, along with up- and down-regulated methylation sites. These genes were regarded as unstable methylation genes. Compared with 6mA, 5mC had more inclined distribution of unstable methylation sites. Chi-square test showed that the levels of 5mC were consistent with both up- and down-regulated genes, but 6mA was not significant. Moreover, the top three unstable methylation genes, TBC1D3H, CSMD1, and ROBO2, were all related to cancer. Transcriptome and survival analyses revealed four potential tumor suppressor genes including KCNIP4, CACNA1C, PACRG, and ST6GALNAC3. In this study, we firstly proposed to combine 5mC and 6mA methylation sites to explore functional genes, and further research found top of these unstable methylation genes might be functional and some of them could serve as potential tumor suppressor genes. Our study provided a new solution for epigenetic regulation research and therapy of HCC.
Mouse Oocytes, A Complex Single Cell Transcriptome
Authors: Wu Di
Published: March 2022

Germinal vesicle (GV) stage is a critical transition point from growth to maturation in mammalian oocyte development. During the following meiotic maturation, active RNA degradation and absence of transcription significantly reprofile the oocyte transcriptome to determine oocyte quality. Oocyte RNA-seq has revealed transcriptome differences between two defined phases of GV stage, namely non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) and surrounded nucleolus (SN) phases. In addition, oocyte RNA-seq has identified a variety of dysregulated genes upon genetic mutation or environmental perturbation. Historically, due to the low amount of RNA per oocyte, a few (20–200) oocytes were needed for a regular library construction in bulk RNA-seq. In recent years, development of single cell sequencing allows detailing the transcriptome of individual oocytes. Here in this study, different RNA-seq datasets from single and bulk of mouse oocytes are compared, and single oocyte RNA-seq (soRNA-seq) shows higher reproducibility. In addition, soRNA-seq better illustrates developmental progression of GV oocytes, revealing more complex gene changes than traditional views. Specially, an elevated level of ribosomal RNA 5′-ETS (5′ external transcribed spacer) has been shown to highly correlate with SN property. This study further demonstrates that UMI (unique molecular identifiers) based and other deduplication methods are limited in their ability to improve the precision of the soRNA-seq datasets. Finally, this study proposes that external spike-in molecules are useful for normalizing samples of different transcriptome sizes. A list of stable genes has been identified during oocyte maturation that are comparable to external spike-in molecules. These findings highlight the advantage of soRNA-seq, and have established ways for better clustering and cross-stage normalization, which can provide more insight into the biological features of oocyte maturation.
Comparative Fecal Microbiota Analysis of Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis Caused or Not Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: De Maio Flavio , Buonsenso Danilo , Bianco Delia Mercedes , Giaimo Martina , Fosso Bruno , Monzo Francesca Romana , Sali Michela , Posteraro Brunella , Valentini Piero , Sanguinetti Maurizio
Published: March 2022

Bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or non-RSV agents is a health-menacing lower respiratory tract (LRT) disease of infants. Whereas RSV causes more severe disease than other viral agents may, genus-dominant fecal microbiota profiles have been identified in US hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. We investigated the fecal microbiota composition of infants admitted to an Italian hospital with acute RSV (25/37 [67.6%]; group I) or non-RSV (12/37 [32.4%]; group II) bronchiolitis, and the relationship of fecal microbiota characteristics with the clinical characteristics of infants. Group I and group II infants differed significantly (24/25 [96.0%] versus 5/12 [41.7%]; P = 0.001) regarding 90% oxygen saturation (SpO2), which is an increased respiratory effort hallmark. Accordingly, impaired feeding in infants from group I was significantly more frequent than in infants from group II (19/25 [76.0%] versus 4/12 [33.3%]; P = 0.04). Conversely, the median (IQR) length of stay was not significantly different between the two groups (seven [3–14] for group I versus five [5–10] for group II; P = 0.11). The 16S ribosomal RNA V3–V4 region amplification of infants’ fecal samples resulted in 299 annotated amplicon sequence variants. Based on alpha- and beta-diversity microbiota downstream analyses, group I and group II infants had similar bacterial communities in their samples. Additionally, comparing infants having <90% SpO2 (n = 29) with infants having ≥90% SpO2 (n = 8) showed that well-known dominant genera (Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia/Shigella, and Enterobacter/Veillonella) were differently, but not significantly (P = 0.44, P = 0.71, P = 0.98, and P = 0.41, respectively) abundant between the two subgroups. Overall, we showed that, regardless of RSV or non-RSV bronchiolitis etiology, no fecal microbiota-composing bacteria could be associated with the severity of acute bronchiolitis in infants. Larger and longitudinally conducted studies will be necessary to confirm these findings.
Zika Virus Infection During Research Vaccine Development: Investigation of the Laboratory-Acquired Infection via Nanopore Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Bang Eunsik , Oh Sujin , Chang Ho Eun , Shin Il Seob , Park Kyoung Un , Kim Eu Suk
Published: March 2022

Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a serious public health problem since the first major outbreak in 2007. Current ZIKV diagnostic methods can successfully identify known ZIKV but are impossible to track the origin of viruses and pathogens other than known ZIKV strains. We planned to determine the ability of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) in clinical epidemiology by evaluating whether it can successfully detect the origin of ZIKV in a suspected case of laboratory-acquired infection (LAI). ZIKV found in the patient sample was sequenced with nanopore sequencing technology, followed by the production of the phylogenetic tree, based on the alignment of 38 known ZIKV strains with the consensus sequence. The closest viral strain with the consensus sequence was the strain used in the laboratory, with a percent identity of 99.27%. We think WGS showed its time-effectiveness and ability to detect the difference between strains to the level of a single base. Additionally, to determine the global number of LAIs, a literature review of articles published in the last 10 years was performed, and 53 reports of 338 LAIs were found. The lack of a universal reporting system was worrisome, as in the majority of cases (81.1%), the exposure route was unknown.
Successful Management of Mixed Mycosis in HIV-Negative Patients With Different Immune Status: A Case Series Report
Authors: Zhan Yangqing , Lu Chun , Li Shaoqiang , Zhao Jin , Li Zhengtu , Gu Yingying , Ye Feng
Published: March 2022

Objective

The limited information available on mixed mycosis involving the lungs makes the understanding of mixed fungal diseases insufficient and affects prognosis. Our study aims to improve understanding by exploring experience in the successful management of mixed fungal infections.

Methods

Patients who had two types of mycosis involving the lung at the same disease course were retrospectively enrolled.

Results

Between September 2011 and December 2019, 17 patients with proven mixed mycosis were enrolled. Four patients were immunocompromised, with one case each of lung transplantation, corticosteroid treatment, STAT3 hyper-IgE syndrome, and anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome. Among 13 patients who were not immunocompromised, 9 had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eight cases were coinfection with Mucor and Aspergillus, 4 cases were Cryptococcus and Aspergillus, 2 cases were Talaromyces marneffei and Cryptococcus, 2 cases were Talaromyces marneffei and Aspergillus, and 1 case was Candida and Aspergillus. Seven patients were diagnosed with mixed pulmonary mycosis at almost the same time. Among the remaining 10 patients, the initial treatment was ineffective in four cases, and six patients showed a partial response to the initial antifungal treatment, but the original fungal lesions became re-enlarged. Three patients were admitted to the intensive care unit during hospitalization, and one patient died. Another Mucor coinfection patient died due to treatment refusal.

Conclusion

Mixed mycosis involving the lungs is not uncommon in patients without apparent immune deficiency diseases. During the management of mycosis, we recommend keeping mixed mycosis in mind for patients with a poor response to initial antifungal treatment, even in immunocompetent populations, and identifying the cause of illness through a rigorous procedure.
The Impact of Lateral Gene Transfer in Chlamydia
Authors: Marti Hanna , Suchland Robert J. , Rockey Daniel D.
Published: March 2022

Lateral gene transfer (LGT) facilitates many processes in bacterial ecology and pathogenesis, especially regarding pathogen evolution and the spread of antibiotic resistance across species. The obligate intracellular chlamydiae, which cause a range of diseases in humans and animals, were historically thought to be highly deficient in this process. However, research over the past few decades has demonstrated that this was not the case. The first reports of homologous recombination in the Chlamydiaceae family were published in the early 1990s. Later, the advent of whole-genome sequencing uncovered clear evidence for LGT in the evolution of the Chlamydiaceae, although the acquisition of tetracycline resistance in Chlamydia (C.) suis is the only recent instance of interphylum LGT. In contrast, genome and in vitro studies have shown that intraspecies DNA exchange occurs frequently and can even cross species barriers between closely related chlamydiae, such as between C. trachomatis, C. muridarum, and C. suis. Additionally, whole-genome analysis led to the identification of various DNA repair and recombination systems in C. trachomatis, but the exact machinery of DNA uptake and homologous recombination in the chlamydiae has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we reviewed the current state of knowledge concerning LGT in Chlamydia by focusing on the effect of homologous recombination on the chlamydial genome, the recombination machinery, and its potential as a genetic tool for Chlamydia.
Undocumented Domestic Workers and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Preventive Measures
Authors: van den Muijsenbergh Maria , Torensma Marieke , Skowronek Nathalia , de Lange Tesseltje , Stronks Karien
Published: March 2022

This article describes the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive measures on the undocumented migrant domestic workers in the Netherlands. Undocumented migrants (UDMs) are likely to experience inequalities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They rely on the informal market for work and housing and are usually not entitled to a healthcare insurance. However, they are not represented in the COVID-19 registrations or surveys. In order to advise the policymakers and healthcare professionals on how to tailor the preventive activities in handling a pandemic, including vaccination strategy, to the needs of this group, an insight into their experiences is needed. In our qualitative study, two focus group discussions were held with 14 UDMs, recruited through a snowball technique. The UDMs perceived the COVID-19 as a threat. Their precarious position affected their perceived vulnerability, which motivated them to seek information on and comply with preventive measures and testing. However, structural barriers decreased their self-efficacy and opportunity to comply. The COVID-19 measures impacted the lives of UDMs on essential domains, resulting in job, food, and housing insecurity, and increased barriers in access to healthcare. An intersectoral approach addressing health communication, access to healthcare, and social support, as well as legal rights for safe employment, is needed to alleviate the impact of the measures on UDMs.
Movement Patterns of Resident and Translocated Beavers at Multiple Spatiotemporal Scales in Desert Rivers
Authors: Doden Emma , Budy Phaedra , Avgar Tal , Young Julie K.
Published: March 2022

Wildlife translocations alter animal movement behavior, so identifying common movement patterns post-translocation will help set expectations about animal behavior in subsequent efforts. American and Eurasian beavers (Castor canadensis; Castor fiber) are frequently translocated for reintroductions, to mitigate human-wildlife conflict, and as an ecosystem restoration tool. However, little is known about movement behavior of translocated beavers post-release, especially in desert rivers with patchy and dynamic resources. We identified space-use patterns of beaver movement behavior after translocation. We translocated and monitored nuisance American beavers in desert river restoration sites on the Price and San Rafael Rivers, Utah, USA, and compared their space use to resident beavers after tracking both across 2 years. Resident adult (RA) beavers were detected at a mean maximum distance of 0.86 ± 0.21 river kilometers (km; ±1 SE), while resident subadult (RS) (11.00 ± 4.24 km), translocated adult (TA) (19.69 ± 3.76 km), and translocated subadult (TS) (21.09 ± 5.54 km) beavers were detected at substantially greater maximum distances. Based on coarse-scale movement models, translocated and RS beavers moved substantially farther from release sites and faster than RA beavers up to 6 months post-release. In contrast, fine-scale movement models using 5-min location intervals showed similar median distance traveled between RA and translocated beavers. Our findings suggest day-to-day activities, such as foraging and resting, were largely unaltered by translocation, but translocated beavers exhibited coarse-scale movement behavior most similar to dispersal by RSs. Coarse-scale movement rates decreased with time since release, suggesting that translocated beavers adjusted to the novel environment over time and eventually settled into a home range similar to RA beavers. Understanding translocated beaver movement behavior in response to a novel desert system can help future beaver-assisted restoration efforts to identify appropriate release sites and strategies.
Elevated Plasma Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Yuhao , Zhang Yeping , Guo Zongsheng , Ma Zheng , Liu Ye , Han Chunming , Yang Xinchun , Zhao Lei
Published: March 2022

Background

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a distant paralog of the cytokine IL-7, has been shown to be associated with atherosclerosis. However, the effect of plasma TSLP level after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains largely unclear. Thus, we aimed to assess the relationship between the concentration of TSLP at admission and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in AMI patients.

Methods

A total of 175 patients with AMI and 145 unstable angina (UA) controls were recruited in the present study. The clinical characteristics were collected, and MACE was recorded during hospitalization and the follow-up period after discharge.

Results

The median value (25, 75 percentiles) of TSLP concentrations in the AMI group was higher than that in the UA group [11.18 (8.14–15.22) vs. 8.56 (5.26–11.94) pg/ml, p < 0.001, respectively]. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that Troponin-I (standardized β = 0.183, p = 0.004) was an independent factor for TSLP. According to the median of TSLP concentrations, all the AMI patients were divided into the high-level group (TSLP level ≥ 11.18 pg/ml, N = 91) and the low-level group (TSLP <11.18 pg/ml, N = 84). In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for TSLP as a predictor of AMI was 0.674 with a cut-off value of 9.235 pg/ml. After a median follow-up of 14 months, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed no significant difference in MACE-free survival between the two groups (p = 0.648). Finally, the multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that TSLP was a negative predictor of MACE in AMI patients (OR:0.778,95% CI:0.733–0.876, p = 0.032).

Conclusions

Plasma TSLP levels were elevated in patients with AMI than those in UA. The lower TSLP concentration was associated with MACE after AMI.
Different Renal Function Patterns in Patients With Acute Heart Failure: Relationship With Outcome and Congestion
Authors: Palazzuoli Alberto , Crescenzi Federico , Luschi Lorenzo , Brazzi Angelica , Feola Mauro , Rossi Arianna , Pagliaro Antonio , Ghionzoli Nicolò , Ruocco Gaetano
Published: March 2022

Background

The role of worsening renal function during acute heart failure (AHF) hospitalization is still debated. Very few studies have extensively evaluated the renal function (RF) trend during hospitalization by repetitive measurements.

Objectives

To investigate the prognostic relevance of different RF trajectories together with the congestion status in hospitalized patients.

Methods

This is a post hoc analysis of a multi-center study including 467 patients admitted with AHF who were screened for the Diur-AHF Trial. We recognized five main RF trajectories based on serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) behavior. According to the RF trajectories our sample was divided into 1-stable (S), 2-transient improvement (TI), 3-permanent improvement (PI), 4-transient worsening (TW), and 5-persistent worsening (PW). The primary outcome was the combined endpoint of 180 days including all causes of mortality and re-hospitalization.

Results

We recruited 467 subjects with a mean congestion score of 3.5±1.08 and a median creatinine value of 1.28 (1.00–1.70) mg/dl, eGFR 50 (37–65) ml/min/m2 and NTpro B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) 7,000 (4,200–11,700) pg/ml. A univariate analysis of the RF pattern demonstrated that TI and PW patterns were significantly related to poor prognosis [HR: 2.71 (1.81–4.05); p < 0.001; HR: 1.68 (1.15–2.45); p = 0.007, respectively]. Conversely, the TW pattern showed a significantly protective effect on outcome [HR:0.34 (0.19–0.60); p < 0.001]. Persistence of congestion and BNP reduction ≥ 30% were significantly related to clinical outcome at univariate analysis [HR: 2.41 (1.81–3.21); p < 0.001 and HR:0.47 (0.35–0.67); p < 0.001]. A multivariable analysis confirmed the independently prognostic role of TI, PW patterns, persistence of congestion, and reduced BNP decrease at discharge.

Conclusions

Various RF patterns during AHF hospitalization are associated with different risk(s). PW and TI appear to be the two trajectories related to worse outcome. Current findings confirm the importance of RF evaluation during and after hospitalization.
A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Peng Xi , Li Le , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Huiping
Published: March 2022

Background

Machine learning (ML) has been used to build high performance prediction model. Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are vulnerable to acute kidney injury (AKI) which makes treatment difficult. We aimed to establish an ML-based prediction model for the early identification of AKI in patients with CHF.

Methods

Patients data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database, and patients with CHF were selected. Comparisons between several common ML classifiers were conducted to select the best prediction model. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) was used to select important prediction features. The model was improved using hyperparameters optimization (HPO). The final model was validated using an external validation set from the eICU Collaborative Research Database. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), accuracy, calibration curve and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate prediction performance. Additionally, the final model was used to predict renal replacement therapy (RRT) requirement and to assess the short-term prognosis of patients with CHF. Finally, a software program was developed based on the selected features, which could intuitively report the probability of AKI.

Results

A total of 8,580 patients with CHF were included, among whom 2,364 were diagnosed with AKI. The LightGBM model showed the best prediction performance (AUROC = 0.803) among the 13 ML-based models. After RFE and HPO, the final model was established with 18 features including serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine output (UO). The prediction performance of LightGBM was better than that of measuring SCr, UO or SCr combined with UO (AUROCs: 0.809, 0.703, 0.560 and 0.714, respectively). Additionally, the final model could accurately predict RRT requirement in patients with (AUROC = 0.954). Moreover, the participants were divided into high- and low-risk groups for AKI, and the 90-day mortality in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (log-rank p < 0.001). Finally, external validation using the eICU database comprising 9,749 patients with CHF revealed satisfactory prediction outcomes (AUROC = 0.816).

Conclusion

A prediction model for AKI in patients with CHF was established based on LightGBM, and the prediction performance of this model was better than that of other models. This model may help in predicting RRT requirement and in identifying the population with poor prognosis among patients with CHF.
Cranial Anatomy of the Caseid Synapsid Cotylorhynchus romeri, a Large Terrestrial Herbivore From the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, U.S.A
Authors: Reisz Robert R. , Scott Diane , Modesto Sean P.
Published: March 2022

The detailed description of the cranial anatomy of Cotylorhynchus romeri, a very large caseid synapsid from the lower Permian Hennessey Formation of Oklahoma, uncovered several potential autapomorphies, including parietal-postorbital contact greatly reduced by broad anterior process of supratemporal; the postparietals are transversely broad and contact the supratemporals laterally; the quadratojugal has a pennant-like occipital process; the stapes has a short shaft and a ventral process that abuts against the palate; the bulbous marginal dentition narrows distally and carries three small denticles; the vomer has three large teeth along its medial edge; parasphenoidal dentition is present; and the surangular overlaps the posterodorsal tip of the dentary and excludes it from the coronoid eminence. Owing to lack of comparative cranial material in most large caseids, the evolutionary history of these autapomorphies remains ambiguous because they cannot be determined in the closest relatives of Cotylorhynchus romeri. Our description of the skull of Cotylorhynchus romeri is consonant with the hypothesis that this caseid was a high-fibre terrestrial herbivore. The recent hypothesis that Cotylorhynchus romeri was primarily aquatic was proposed on a paleobiological basis that ignored paleontological and taphonomic evidence from the Hennessey Formation. Autochthonous preservation of several articulated skeletons of Cotylorhynchus romeri in subaerially deposited sediments that also preserve “swarms” of an aestivating fossil amphibian (Brachydectes) indicate that this caseid was the largest tetrapod of a terrestrial fauna that lived in a monsoonal climate.