bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Declining United States Leadership and the Future of International Political System
Authors: Jacob James Nda , Momoh Zekeri
Published: September 2023

Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has been a major player in promoting international peace and security. Today the declining US leadership has raised some questions such as: What are the factors that led to the decline of US leadership internationally? How did the US react to its dwindling leadership role? Are the current US strategies for regaining leadership in international politics effective? Therefore, this study seeks to answer the following research questions: Is declining US leadership a potential threat to international peace and security? How effective are the current US strategies in regaining leadership in international politics? The long cycle theory was used in this study. The study also relied on secondary data such as textbooks, magazines and internet sources, while content analysis was used to analyze the data collected. This study argues that the declining US leadership role poses a potential threat to the future of the international system, as no state like no other is willing to provide the financial and other resources necessary to meet global challenges for years to come, compared to the US's overall commitment to promoting international peace and security. Finally, this study regards the current US approaches as ineffective and therefore advocates new approaches.

 

Received: 23 June 2023 / Accepted: 29 August 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023
The Niger Bridge and the Biafran Economy During and After the Nigerian-Biafran War, 1967-1970
Authors: Nnaemeka Emmanuel Enemchukwu , Adelekun Isaac Abiodun
Published: September 2023

This paper examines the role and significance of the Niger Bridge during the Nigeria-Biafra war, which lasted between 1967 and 1970. The war resulted in devastating effects such as violence, displacement, and economic disruptions. However, the Niger Bridge emerged as a symbol of resilience and strategic importance. It served as a crucial lifeline for the Igbo people, who constituted the majority population of the secessionist state of Biafra, enabling the movement of people, goods, and supplies in the face of blockades imposed by the Nigerian government. The bridge's destruction had severe socio-economic consequences, including the breakdown of trade networks, food shortages, inflation, and the collapse of local industries. The paper also explores the post-war reconstruction efforts and highlights the symbolic significance of the Niger Bridge in the process of reconciliation between Nigeria and Biafra. The reconstruction not only aimed to restore critical infrastructure but also acted as a tangible symbol of unity, healing, and trust-building between the previously warring factions. By analyzing the Niger Bridge in the context of the Nigeria-Biafra war, this paper offers insights into the dynamics of the conflict, the employed military strategies, and the socio-economic impact on the affected populations. It emphasizes the vital role of infrastructure in shaping the outcomes of war and conflict, shedding light on the broader significance of such infrastructure in conflict zones worldwide.

 

Received: 30 June 2023 / Accepted: 23 August 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023
Key Factors that Predict Students’ Mathematics Competence in a College of Education in Hohoe, Volta region of Ghana
Authors: - Maxwell Seyram Kwame Kumah , - Wilson Kofi Fiakumah , - Eric  Kwame Austro Gozah , - Leonard Kwame Edekor
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the demographic factors, including gender, age, program of study, and financial background, that predict students' mathematics competence in a College of Education in Hohoe, Ghana. A quantitative research predictive design was employed to examine the relationship between these demographic factors and mathematics competence. The study population consisted of 80 Science and Mathematics major students enrolled in a College of Education during the 2023 academic year. A simple random sampling technique was used to obtain 69 participants who successfully filled their questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using several predictive models. Evaluation metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Coefficient of Determination (R²) were utilized to compare the performance of these models. Among the models compared, Boosting Regression demonstrated the best overall predictive performance. Random Forest Regression ranked as the second-best model, while RLR, KNNR, and NNR had poorer performance. The findings indicate that gender and program of study are consistently important factors in predicting students' mathematics competence. Additionally, age showed a weak positive association with mathematics competence, while financial status was inversely associated with performance. The results provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers, facilitating the development of targeted interventions to enhance students' mathematics competence.
Opportunities and Challenges of Implementing an Animal-Assisted Therapy Program in K-12 Schools: Implications for School Counselors
Authors: - Christopher Puglisi , - Shalini Mathew
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, the inclusion of animals in an educational context has increased in popularity. The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study was to explore the attitudes and perceptions of school staff and faculty regarding Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) in an academic setting along with the opportunities and challenges of implementing the AAT program. Results of this study reported that school staff and faculty believe that a therapy animal could be effective in helping students succeed yet is not utilized enough in their schools as a valuable resource. The participants in this study highly encouraged the use of AAT for helping students in needs of academic, psychological, and physiological well-being. Participants also pointed out the challenges of implementing an AAT program in a school setting which include approval, fear, faculty schedules, and the animal’s boundaries. Recommendations for implementing an AAT program in a school setting, related policies, and future research are discussed.
Forensic Statement Analysis to determine Personality Traits-A Case Study
Authors: - Meenakshi Bhardwaj , - Asha Srivastava
Published: September 2023

Written statement contains a wealth of information far beyond what the suspect or victim intends to communicate. The technique of Forensic Statement Analysis is an effective strategy in trait-based approaches for personality assessment utilized by various Forensic Investigators or Experts. Investigators examine and analyse the words within the written statement to get information about the writer. This technique is also useful to detect deception or truthfulness in the written statements, sometimes provided unintentionally by the writer, which are independent of case facts. Statement analysis provides investigators with vital background data or details about writer in terms of personality, relationships with others, motives or goals, attitude, behaviour. It can also determine whether the intent of the statement is to convey or convince. The present study describes a case consisting of several diaries of a deceased lady which were submitted in the Laboratory by investigating agency with a request to expedite opinion on multiple queries with respect to her mindset, past life, relationships, conflicts, any future plans, job, and religious belief. After thorough scientific examination and analysis of the contents or statements executed in the diaries, a conclusive opinion was expressed by Forensic Experts regarding her personality traits.
Impact of Occupational Stress on Job Performance: A Heuristic Study of the School Teachers in India
Authors: - Aayushi Gupta
Published: September 2023

This study prioritises in recognising the factors which provoke stress amongst school teachers and understanding how this stress affects their job performance and productivity. In other words, this study aims to find out the sources of stress and whether this stress has a positive or negative impact on the expected job performance of school teachers.
A Study on the Transition of Ott (Over the Top) Services among Young Consumers Across Chennai City
Authors: - Dr. Nisha Guruharan , - Catherin Amala Rakkini U
Published: September 2023

OTT also refers to a brand-new generation of contemporary television networks similar to traditional satellite or cable TV providers . The objective of this study is to find the recent transition of OTT services among young consumers . The study focuses on the factors influencing the young consumers in the OTT platforms and also the strategies adopted by the company to attract them. A survey was conducted and data from 100 respondents were collected across the young consumers in Chennai. This study undergoes descriptive and analytical analysis. The findings reveal that the factors such as recommendations, rate of advertisement, quality of the content, audio and video quality, loading time influences the young consumers in the OTT platforms .The reasons behind paid and unpaid users of OTT services were also identified .The further study would help to infer the experiences of different users of OTT platforms and their views.
Scientific Metastructure Theory : Universal Temporal Selection Process for Increasing Entropy via Consumption Machines
Authors: - Nitnem Singh Sodhi
Published: September 2023

The Scientific Metastructure Theory is a novel conceptual framework that unveils the intricate interplay temporal selection process across diverse scales and systems within the universe, explaining its metastructure scientifically. This theory redefines life as a dynamic process wherein biological and artificial machines actively contribute to universal entropy increase through the consumption and re-consumption of energy and matter. Through iterative consumption and accumulation, these machines gain complexity, efficiency, and adaptability. The temporal selection process emerges as a driving force, favoring complex machines capable of maximizing resource acquisition, driving increase in universal entropy. This selection process operates universally, shaping not only biological evolution but also atomic and chemical interactions, technological advancements, societal structures, and even religious systems. Also presenting a mathematical framework, this paper provides a structured understanding of how biological and artificial machines contribute to entropy increase through compounded complexity-driven temporal selection. Through diverse examples, the framework is illustrated across scales, offering a unified perspective on the scientific metastructure of reality.
Comparative Analysis of General, Insurance Markets: Global Perspectives and Regional Trends
Authors: - Dr Harini Varala
Published: September 2023

The global general insurance market has experienced robust growth in the past decade, driven by factors such as increasing awareness of insurance, economic growth, and regulatory reforms.The history of general insurance dates back to the Industrial Revolution in the west and the consequent growth of sea-faring trade and commerce in the 17th century.The general insurance market can be segmented into various categories based on product type, distribution channel, and geography.The global general insurance market is highly competitive, with several key players dominating the industry. The general insurance markets vary significantly across different regions, driven by factors such as economic development, regulatory frameworks, and cultural preferences.The global general insurance market is expected to witness steady growth in the coming years, driven by several factors like economic growth, regulatory reforms, technological advancement,changing customer behaviour,increasing risk. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the general insurance markets from a global perspective, highlighting regional trends, key players, market size, and growth drivers.
Resources Integration Theory and Gray Correlation Analysis: A Study for Evaluating China's Agri-food Systems Supply Capacity
Authors: Yang Shaowen , Wang Ping , Fu Zhaogang
Published: September 2023

China's agri-food systems face the challenge of ensuring food and grain security for a large population with limited resources. This paper constructs a resources integration theory, which classifies agricultural resources into six types and measures their correlation with food and grain supply capacity using grey correlation analysis. The results show that, during 2002-2020, among the factor resources, the highest correlation with food and grain was technology; among the related industry resources, the highest correlation with food was rural roads, and with grain was agricultural machinery; among the demand resources, the highest correlation was domestic market; among the six types of resources, the highest correlation was government resources; and the static correlation evaluation indices of agricultural resources with food and grain supply capacity were 0.8312 and 0.8090, respectively, indicating a compare match. Based on the results, this paper argues that the Chinese agri-food system is matched with agricultural resources, but still needs to be improved to achieve a high match. Opportunity resources, foreign investment, and international markets are disadvantageous resources because China has insufficient ability to stably utilize foreign resources. China’s proposal of a "big food view" is conducive to reducing dependence on factor resources, especially cultivated land and water resources.
Rethinking of masculinities: an evolving perspective
Authors:   Dr. Md Siddique Hossain
Published: September 2023

The focus of this research is on the evolution of male identity and cultural conceptions of masculinity. Traditional notions of masculinity have often been overly narrow, contributing to the maintenance of harmful stereotypes and assumptions. But a more inclusive, diverse, and caring perspective on gender is leading to a rethinking of what it means to be masculine. This essay investigates the complexities of masculinity, the pernicious impacts of rigid gender norms, and the ways in which our culture may be altered to promote healthier, more authentic expressions of gender. The intricate web of gender identities, violent experiences, and emotional restraint. This new perspective furthers gender equality, the acceptance of many identities, and the removal of harmful stereotypes that hold men and society back from reaching their full potential. By analyzing the rethinking of masculinity in this context, this article hopes to encourage a more nuanced and empathic perspective of masculinity. We can help men reach their full potential as people and as contributors to society if we challenge and expand our ideas of masculinity. This process of reassessing masculinities is also open to female participation. This movement is representative of a broader cultural trend that challenges traditional notions of masculinity and the worldviews of its members. By working to eradicate gender norms and adopting a more open perspective on gender, we can create a more equitable society that values and celebrates a wide range of masculinities while eliminating harmful power dynamics.
Investigaciones arqueológicas en el noreste de Neuquén: evidencias materiales y tendencias distribucionales preliminares
Authors: Pérez Iván , Rindel Diego Damián , Romero Villanueva Guadalupe , Gobbo Diego , Feely Ana
Published: September 2023

El noreste del Neuquén, en particular la región ocupada por la Sierra del Auca Mahuida y áreas aledañas, presenta una escasa frecuencia de estudios arqueológicos. El objetivo general de este trabajo es estimar la intensidad y características de la ocupación humana en esta región a lo largo del Holoceno. Nuestros resultados, producto de cuatro campañas y el trabajo de laboratorio, indican que hay importantes diferencias entre las áreas que conforman la región de estudio en función del registro arqueológico recuperado. La mayor frecuencia de ocupación se observa en el Bajo del Añelo, mientras que la Sierra Auca Mahuida y la cuenca superior del río Colorado presentan una menor intensidad de ocupación. Las diferencias espaciales en la evidencia arqueológica y la frecuencia de sitios, sumada a la variabilidad ambiental observada, sugieren un uso estacional y complementario de los espacios altos de la Sierra y los bajos de la cuenca del río Colorado y el Bajo del Añelo. En este sentido, la disponibilidad de agua, las bajas temperaturas invernales y la variación estacional en la disponibilidad del guanaco probablemente tuvieron una gran influencia en la dinámica inferida para las poblaciones humanas prehistóricas de la región de estudio.
Tingkat Pemahaman Protokol Kesehatan Dan Motivasi Mahasiswa Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Imunitas Tubuh Melalui Aktivitas Fisik Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Santoso Januar , Alfian Mahardhika Nanda , Betty Kurnia Jusuf Jeane , Bayu Utomo Andy Widhiya
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan dalam rangka menanggulangi penyebaran Virus Corona, mengetahui tingkat motivasi mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan berbagai aktivitas fisik untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dimasa pandemic Covid-19 dan mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pemahaman tentang protokol kesehatan, tingkat motivasi olahraga dan tingkat pemahaman aktivitas fisik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik samping yang digunakan adalah purposive random sampling yang artinya memilih secara acak sampel dengan jumlah yang sama untuk mewakili tiap kelompok yang ada. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur semester 4 dan bukan atlet sebanyak 160 orang. Intrumen penelitian berupa kuisioner dengan skala pengukuran likert serta wawancara langsung dengan informan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lebih luas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pemahanan terhadap protokol kesehatan dengan persentase sebesar 95,93% pada kategori Sangat Baik, tingkat motivasi olahraga mahasiswa dengan persentase 93,12% pada kategori Sangat Baik dan tingkat pemahaman tentang aktivitas fisik dengan persentase 85,72% pada kategori Sangat Baik. Hubungan antara tingakat pemahanan terhadap protokol kesehatan dan kasus Covid-19 memiliki nilai korelasi Pearson sebesar 0,839 yang artinya berkorelasi sempurna. Hubungan antara motivasi olahraga dan rutinitas aktifitas fisik menunjukkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,507 yang artinya berkorelasi sedang. Pemahaman yang baik akan meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan dan motivasi yang tinggi akan seirama meningkatkan kesungguhan dalam melaksanakan rutinitas aktivitas fisik.
Implementasi Materi Pembelajaran pada Media Power Point untuk Mengembangkan Kreativitas pada Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fidini Kamilia , Lazzuardi Anwar Zidni  , Faisal Riski Rafi Pratama  , Riska Dami Ristanto
Published: September 2023

Media pembelajaran merupakan alat bantu yang digunakan untuk mempermudah siswa dalam mempelajari materi yang diajarkan. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang sering digunakan adalah powerpoint. PowerPoint banyak digunakan oleh pebisnis, guru, pelajar dan mahasiswa karena penggunaannya yang tidak rumit dan banyak desain yang akan membuat presentasi menjadi lebih menarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan implementasi materi pembelajaran melalui media PowerPoint untuk mengembangkan kreativitas siswa sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan yang meliputi penelitian pendahuluan, pengembangan model, dan pengujian model. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Aplikasi media pada muatan materi Bahasa Indonesia dan SBdP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa materi pembelajaran yang dihasilkan melalui media PowerPoint memenuhi persyaratan sesuai dengan langkah pengembangan. Respon siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran melalui media Power Point yang dijelaskan oleh guru dari 30 siswa terdapat 7-8 anak kurang memenuhi kriteria penilaian. Berdasarkan nilai yang diperoleh maka implementasi media pembelajaran pada media Power Point untuk mengembangkan kreativitas siswa sekolah dasar layak untuk diterapkan pada sekolah.Kata Kunci: media pembelajaran, sekolah dasar, powerpoint, kreativitas
PENDEKATAN TEORI PESTALOZZI DALAM TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI ALAMI ANAK
Authors: Sofyan Susanto  , Rukiyati  , Mulyo Prabowo
Published: September 2023

Artikel merupakan hasil kajian literatur yang difokuskan penulis untuk melihat faktor apa yang menentukan keberhasilan pendidikan, Pestalozzi memandang bahwa segala usaha yang dilakukan oleh orang dewasa harus disesuaikan dengan perkembangan anak menurut kodratnya. Hal ini disebabkan pendidikan pada hakekatnya adalah suatu usaha pemberian pertolongan agar anak dapat menolong dirinya sendiri di kemudian hari. pandangan Pestalozzi terhadap pengembangan potensi anak diantaranya adalah 1) Potensi anak akan berkembang apabila dalam proses perkembangannya melibatkan seluh panca indra anak secara langsung. 2) potensi anak berkembang setahap demi setahap sesuai dengan usia perkembangannya, sehingga dalam mengebangkan potensi harus disesuaikan dengan usia perkembangan anak. 3) Tujuan Pendidikan Pestalozzi didasarkan pada konsep human being, yaitu Anak merupakan manusia yang mampu berfikir dan memiliki perasaan, bukan benda mati yang secara bebas dapat kita bentuk sesuai dengan apa yang kita inginkan. 4) Pendidikan menurut Pestalozi memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa belajar adalah usaha dalam mempersiapkan diri menghadapi tahapan perkembangan selanjutnya sesuai dengan usia perkembangannya. Tujuan pendidikan bukan untuk menghadapi tantangan saat anak dewasa atau era baru yang akan mereka hadapi, tetapi mempersiapkan anak sesuai tahapan usia perkembangannya. 5) Pendidikan bisa dimulai saat anak masih usia dini. Kemampuan anak usia dini masih terbtas sehingga hal ini mampu mendukung keberhasilan dalam menerima apa yang diajarkan dengan maksimal.
PERBEDAAN PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN E-MODUL FISIKA MATEMATIKA
Authors: Rahman Adriyan Ardi , Astalini Astalini , Darmaji Darmaji
Published: September 2023

Bahan ajar yang biasanya digunakan siswa dengan penggunaan bahasa asing membuat siswa sulit memahami penjelasan yang terdapat pada buku tersebut. Sehingga tidak salah jika modul elektronik digunakan sebagai pedoman siswa dalam belajar matematika dan fisika. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa terhadap modul matematika fisika dan mengetahui perbedaan persepsi siswa kelas A dan B Reguler pada modul matematika fisika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed method. Dengan jumlah sampel 60 mahasiswa dari dua kelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara online dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data kuantitatif yaitu statistik deskriptif dan uji anova. Dari hasil yang diperoleh terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelas dan dari hasil korelasi persepsi kelas reguler A dan B memiliki hubungan sehingga hal ini akan mempengaruhi kegunaan e-modul fisika-matematika nantinya. Dan hasil wawancara menjelaskan bahwa saat ini siswa merasa bingung dalam memahami pelajaran fisika matematika. Karena bahan ajar yang digunakan sedikit asing dalam penggunaan bahasanya dan materi fisika dan matematika juga sulit untuk dipahami. Siswa membutuhkan bahan ajar yang sangat menarik dan tentunya mudah dipahami mulai dari bahasa, penjelasan dan materi. Karena semakin baik persepsi positif yang diberikan siswa maka siswa merasa sangat membutuhkan modul elektronik untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika fisika.Kata Kunci : E-modul, Fisika Matematika, Persepsi
Ūminis vaikų pilvo skausmas. Kada kreiptis į skubiosios pagalbos skyrių?
Authors: Bagdonaitė Kamilė , Sugintaitė Emilija , Dekerytė Inga , Malcius Dalius , Lukošiūtė-Urbonienė Aušra
Published: September 2023

Ūminis pilvo skausmas – tai vienas dažniausių skundų, dėl kurio kreipiamasi į vaikų skubiosios pagalbos skyrių (VSPS). Į Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetinės ligoninės Kauno klinikų Vaikų skubiosios pagalbos skyrių dėl ūminio pilvo skausmo per mėnesį vidutiniškai kreipiasi apie 250 vaikų. Ūminis pilvo skausmas gali atsirasti dėl daugybės priežasčių. Itin svarbu atskirti būkles, sukeliančias pavojų gyvybei arba reikalaujančias skubaus gydymo, nuo lėtinio skausmo, kurį galima tirti ir poliklinikoje. Ūminis pilvo skausmas vaikams dažniausiai pasireiškia su kitais nespecifiniais simptomais, tokiais kaip karščiavimas, pykinimas arba vėmimas. Taip pat dažnai tikru iššūkiu tampa ir mažo vaiko klinikinis tyrimas. Dėl šių priežasčių, ūminio vaikų pilvo skausmo diferencinė diagnostika gali tapti diagnostine dilema įvairiems specialistams. Diferencijuojant galimas ūminio pilvo skausmo priežastis vaikų amžiuje, dažnai vienos svarbiausių priemonių – nuodugniai surinkta anamnezė, atidžiai atliktas klinikinis paciento tyrimas, kraujo tyrimai ir pilvo echoskopija. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiamos dažniausios vaikų ūminio pilvo skausmą sukeliančios ligos, kurioms reikalingas skubus ir nuodugnus tyrimas bei gydymas ligoninėje.
Lactobacillus reuteri poveikis kūdikių pilvo diegliams. Literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Alšauskė Silvija Valdonė
Published: September 2023

Probiotikai – tai gyvybingi mikroorganizmai, kurių pakankamas aktyvios būsenos kiekis pasiekia žarnyną ir taip daro teigiamą poveikį sveikatai. Lactobacillus spp. vieni plačiausiai naudojamų probiotikų, jų galima rasti daugelyje maisto produktų visame pasaulyje. Lactobacillus reuteri laikoma viena labiausiai ištirtų probiotinių bakterijų, teikiančių įvairiapusę naudą žmogaus organizmui ir dažniausiai randama įvairiuose komerciniuose probiotiniuose produktuose. Vertinant L. reuteri įtaką kūdikių sveikatai, mokslininkų ir gydytojų nuomonės labai išsiskiria. Kūdikių pilvo diegliai vis dar yra daug klausimų kelianti kūdikių būklė, tad jos gydymas neretai išlieka netikslus ir neatnešantis norimų rezultatų. Standartizuotų gairių stygius šiai būklei gydyti taip pat prisideda prie apsunkintos kūdikių priežiūros. Dėl etinių aplinkybių, atliekant įvairius tyrimus, bei didelio nebaigtų klinikinių tyrimų procento, vis dar sunku priimti vieningas išvadas, ar probiotikai tikrai padeda arba gali padėti gydyti kūdikių pilvo dieglius. Metodika. Straipsnių ieškota patvirtintose duomenų bazėse „PubMed“, „Cochrane“, naudojant paieškos strategiją, kuri apjungė terminus ir laisvo teksto žodžius: excessive crying, infantile colic, colic, child, infant, Lactobacillus reuteri, L. reuteri, safety. Atliekant šią literatūros apžvalgą, vertinti aštuoni recenzuoti straipsniai, kurie buvo publikuoti nuo 2014 m. Išvados. Lactobacillus reuteri vartojimas gali būti veiksmingas krūtimi maitinamų kūdikių pilvo dieglių simptomams gydyti, tačiau reikia daugiau tyrimų, kad būtų galima nustatyti jo veiksmingumą mišiniais maitinamiems kūdikiams bei tikslioms rekomendacijoms pateikti.
Contextualizing Household Adaptation to Flooding in Urbanized Floodplain Areas: Pre-disaster Adaptation, Coping Capacity and Post-Disaster Intervention
Authors: Oluwakemi Ajijola, S. , Adedire F.M.
Published: September 2023

As physical flood vulnerability continues to increase in urbanized floodplain areas; understanding and improving household adaptation is an important step towards disaster risk reduction. The study provides an assessment of household adaptation using the resilience model to identify pre-disaster preparedness, household coping capacity, and intervention received during and in post-severe flooding scenarios within communities located in the urbanized floodplain areas of Kosofe. Lagos, Nigeria. Kosofe is the most vulnerable residential area out of the 20 local government areas in Africa’s most populated city, based on flood vulnerability map of the entire city. The study is based on a positivists’ philosophical paradigm, using the deductive approach to gain understanding of resilience model and then tested through a cross-sectional survey involving 324 household heads/representatives in the study area, to contextualize the model in terms of its application in assessing household adaptation. Findings indicate that there is little practice of flood preparedness measures despite high levels of flood risk awareness learnt from previous flood experiences within the area. Similarly, households within the study area rarely use building-based adaptation strategies in coping during severe flooding. Also, government support are very minimal as the most common interventions received by household during and after severe flooding are prayers, savings/thrift contribution, and support from friends and families. The implication of this finding is that by encouraging investments in pre-disaster preparations, deploying adaptive building-based flood disaster risk reduction strategies in new and existing houses, and improving government involvement and support in marginalized urbanized floodplain areas; vulnerable households are better positioned to deal with, cope with and recover from future flood risks.
Palynological Investigation of TTtex-1 Well, coastal marsh depobelt of Eastern Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Aturamu Adeyinka Oluyemi
Published: September 2023

Palynofacies analyses of the strata penetrated by TTtex-1 Well were carried out with the aim of investigating the stratigraphic sequence penetrated by the Well to establish palynostratigraphic zones, the relative age and the paleoenvironment of deposition. Sixty-two ditch cutting samples within the interval of 2179 – 3523 m were analyzed. The use of acid in the sample preparation for palynofacies analyses were used. The result of the analyses produced relatively low to abundant occurrences of pollen and spores shows abundance of small, medium, and large sizes of palynomacerals I and II, few occurrences of palynomacerals III and IV. The lithology consists of intercalations of shale and sandstone units with few intercalations of argillaceous sandstone units, this designates the studied interval to be Agbada Formation. The interval studied were dated to be middle Miocene to late Miocene based on the recovered age indicative marker species such as Multiareolites formosus, Zonocostatites ramonae, Crassoretitriletes vanraadshoveni Verrutricolporites rotundiporus, and Racemonocolpites hians. A taxon range zone: Ainipollinite verus zone and Two interval range palynostratigraphic zones: Multiareolites formosus – Zonocostatites ramonae, Verrutricolporites rotundiporus - Crassoretitriletes vanraadshoveni were proposed. The stratigraphic interval studied was deposited in the Coastal-marsh (marginal marine) environments based on paleoenvironmental interpretation of the palynofacies associations and the lithology.
Variation in Total Carotenoid Content of Gari from Yellow Root Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Varieties During Prolonged Storage
Authors: Udemba I. O , Olasanmi B , Iluebbey P
Published: September 2023

Agronomic characteristics of some novel yellow root cassava varieties (YRCVs) released in Nigeria in 2011 and 2014 were investigated during their development but there is paucity of information on the stability of total carotenoid content (TCC) in their products during storage, hence this study. Gari from three YRCVs (TMSI011368, TMSI010593 and TMSI010539) and a white root variety (TMS30572) as control were stored under daylight and dark conditions for 1 year. The samples were scored for colour on a scale of 1 (white) to 8 (pink) and analysed for TCC following standard procedures at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage (MAS). Data on TCC were subjected to analysis of variance at α0.05 and correlation was done between gari colour and TCC. Variety, season and storage duration effects were significant for TCC. Gari from white root had no TCC. The TCC of the bio-fortified gari samples reduced from between 7.49 µg/ g (TMSI011368) and 15.19 µg/ g (TMSI010593) at initial stage to 1.65 µg/ g (TMSI010539, daylight condition) and 2.09 µg/ g (TMSI010593, dark condition) at 3 MAS. Over the 12 months storage period, TMSI010593 and TMSI011368 had the least (7%) and highest (18%) percentage retention, respectively. Notably, colour and TCC of the gari samples were positively correlated under each storage condition.
Simpaticotonia E A Síndrome De Hiperestimulação Simpática Como Diagnosticar E Possíveis Tratamentos
Authors: Tiboni Kaiut Ravi Kishore , Agrela Rodrigues Fabiano de Abreu
Published: September 2023

A Síndrome de Hiperestimulação Simpática e simpaticotonia são termos que geralmente são usados para descrever a hiperatividade do sistema nervoso simpático, os sintomas associados a ambos são aumento da frequência cardíaca, hipertensão arterial, sensação de ansiedade, entre outros. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a síndrome de Hiperestimulação Simpática, bem como uma análise acerca do diagnóstico e dos tratamentos disponíveis, assim como uma leve observação de como estas condições têm sido tratadas pela medicina.  Em cima disso cria-se a o conceito teórico de simpaticotonia aqui explorado. Conclui-se que a continuação de pesquisas dedicadas e bem financiadas conduzirá a avanços significativos nesta área com a promoção de terapias não invasivas como o yoga, meditação para promover um maior arsenal de formas de mitigar os sintomas das disautonomias.
Ab-Initio and Experimental Study of the Electronic and Optical Properties of Layered 2D Molybdenum Disulphide
Authors: Siti Nabilah Mohd Halim  , Mohamad Fariz Mohamad Taib  , Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly  , Husni Hani Jameela Sapingi  , Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali  , Hafizal Yahaya  , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) in its two-dimensional (2D) mono- to few layers is applied in numerous photonic applications owing to its wide bandgap. In this work, the electronic and optical properties of monolayer MoS2 were successfully investigated by ab initio study through density functional theory (DFT) calculation and experimental work. A 2D monolayer MoS2 model was simulated using CASTEP in the framework of plane-wave pseudopotential. The simulated bandgap is 1.7 eV which is interestingly close to those determined bandgap of MoS2 prepared through the liquid-phase exfoliation method. This confirmed the successful formation of 2D layered MoS2 in the proposed fabrication process. The MoS2 model also predict well the experimentally derived absorption range which has a significant peak at around ~600 nm wavelength ascribed to the excitonic property.
Manufacturing Study on Different Glue Spread and Press Pressure for Glued Laminated Timber Made from Laran
Authors: Muhammad Amirul Akmal Rosli  , Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari  , Muhammad Muzammil Zuki  , Lum Wei Chen  , Anis Azmi  , Zakiah Ahmad  , Nasroien Bambang Purwanto  , Norman Wong Shew Yam  , Bambang Suryoatmono
Published: September 2023

Amidst challenges such as dwindling timber log supply from natural forests, concerns about timber quality, and rising timber costs, the timber industry has increasingly turned to engineered lumber solutions, including glued laminated timber (glulam) crafted from fast-growing species. However, the performance of glulam derived from plantation trees, notably swift-growing varieties like Laran, remains an area warranting exploration. This study addresses critical aspects of glulam production, encompassing adhesive selection, spread rate, and press pressure, which collectively influence material performance. The objectives of this research encompass an assessment of the bonding integrity of glulam originating from Laran plantation species and an evaluation of the optimal adhesive spread rate and press pressure for Laran-derived glulam. Various adhesive spread rates (200 g/m2, 250 g/m2, 350 g/m2 and 400 g/m2) and press pressures (0.7, 1.0 and 1.4 MPa), utilizing Phenol-Resorcinol Formaldehyde (PRF) adhesives, were systematically investigated in alignment with the guidelines stipulated in MS 758: 2020. Bonding integrity was evaluated via block shear and cyclic delamination tests. The study reveals that these parameters indeed exert a tangible influence on the bonding efficacy of PRF adhesive with Laran species. Remarkably, an optimal adhesive spread rate of 399.78 g/m2 and press pressure of 1.18 MPa emerged as pivotal thresholds for superior bonding outcomes. Notably, the significance of adeptly designed glulam beams within wooden structural frameworks is underscored, particularly in light of the multifaceted imperatives of sustainability, economics, and environmental conscientiousness.
Numerical Modelling of Impact Loads on RC Beams Utilizing Spent Garnet as a Replacement for Fine Aggregate
Authors: Muhammad Syakirin Rahmat  , Shahrul Niza Mokhatar  , Barizah Atirah Razali  , Josef Hadipraman  , Seyed Jamalaldin Seyed Hakim
Published: September 2023

Spent Garnet (SG) is one of the waste materials that attracts the interest of researchers to use it as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete materials. As experimental investigation was carried out to assess the performance of a reinforced concrete (RC) beam incorporating SG as a substitute for fine aggregate. The study involved subjecting the beam to low-velocity impact loads within a controlled testing configuration. The primary objective of this study was to determine the optimal proportion of spent garnet (SG) to replace fine aggregates in reinforced concrete (RC) beams subjected to impact loads with a 100 kg impact weight dropped from a height of 1.5m, equivalent to a velocity of 5.4 m/s. To evaluate the effectiveness of SG as a replacement for fine aggregates, RC beams with varying percentages of SG (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were numerically modelled using the Finite Element Method (FEM) incorporating the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) constitutive model to simulate their behaviour under low-velocity impact loads. The study aimed to comprehensively examine the failure mode of the RC beams. The findings through FEM showed that the inclusion of SG in the concrete mix enhanced the material's behaviour and decreased the failure and damage of the beams as the percentage of SG in the mix increased, indicating its effectiveness as a replacement for fine aggregates, which is consistent with the experimental results.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЛАТУНИ Л63 ПО ГЛАДКОЙ КРИВОЛИНЕЙНОЙ ТРАЕКТОРИИ ТИПА “ВЕЕР СМЕЩЕННЫХ ОКРУЖНОСТЕЙ”
Authors: Zubchaninov V.G. , Gultyaev V.I. , Dvuzhilov A.S.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of an experimental study of deformation of a thinwalled tubular sample along a smooth curvilinear trajectory of deformation of different curvature, in which each section of the trajectory changes the value of curvature and moves it center. The experiments were carried out on an automated calculation and experimental complex SN-EVM in the deviatoric space deformations A.A. Ilyushin (hard loading) with simultaneous combined action on a thin-walled tubular tensile-compression sample and twists. Scalar and vector material properties were subject to research brass L63. It was revealed that the resulting diagrams that characterize scalar and vector material properties are oscillatory.

В статье описаны результаты эксперимента деформирования по гладкой криволинейной траектории трубчатого тонкостенного образца. На каждом участке траектории менялось значение кривизны и одновременно перемещался ее центр. Экспериментальные исследования проводились в девиаторном пространстве деформаций А.А. Ильюшина на экспериментальном автоматизированном комплексе СН-ЭВМ,с учетом одновременного, комбинированного действия на трубчатый образец кручения и растяжения-сжатия .Исследованию подлежали скалярные и векторные свойства материала латунь Л63. Выявлено, что полученные диаграммы, которые показывают векторные и скалярные свойства материала имеют колебательный характер.
О СИЛОВОМ ВЛИЯНИИ ОПОРНОГО НАПОЛНИТЕЛЯ И МЕЖСЛОЙНОГО ТРЕНИЯ НА НАПРЯЖЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ КЕРАМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБОЛОЧКОВОЙ ФОРМЫ ПО ВЫПЛАВЛЯЕМЫМ МОДЕЛЯМ
Authors: Evstigneev A.I. , Evstigneeva A.A. , Dmitriev E.A. , Ivankova E.P. , Odinokov V.I. , Chernyshova D.V.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of the stress state of the shell mold depending on the force exerted on it by the support filler and interlayer friction during casting according to the smelted models.

В работе изложены результаты теоретического исследования напряженнодеформированного состояния оболочковой формы в зависимости от силового воздействия на неё со стороны опорного наполнителя и межслойного трения при литье по выплавляемым моделям.
УСЛОВИЯ СОВМЕСТНОСТИ В МОДЕЛЯХ ПОЛУИЗОТРОПНЫХ ТЕРМОУПРУГИХ ТЕЛ
Authors: Murashkin E.V. , Nesterov T.K. , Stadnik N.E.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we discuss the compatibility conditions on the surfaces of weak and strong discontinuities propagating in continuous semi-isotropic thermoelastic media. To derive such boundary conditions, the well-known Yugonio–Hadamar theory, substantially developed by G. I. Bykovtsev, and generalized to the case of pseudotensor physical fields, is used. The questions of differentiation with respect to pseudoscalar time and its transformation under mirror reflections and space inversions are considered. First-order geometric and kinematic compatibility conditions are obtained in terms of pseudotensors. Compatibility conditions are derived for weak discontinuities of displacements and microrotations in a hemitropic micropolar continuum. Compatibility conditions are obtained for strong discontinuities in a semi-isotropic thermoelastic continuum.

В настоящей работе обсуждаются условия совместности на поверхностях слабых и сильных разрывов, распространяющихся в сплошных полуизотропных термоупругих средах. Для вывода таких граничных условий примняется хорошо известная теория Югонио– Адамара, существенно развитая Г.И. Быковцевым, обобщенная на случай псевдотензорных физических полей. Рассматриваются вопросы дифференцирования по псевдоскалярному времени и его преобразования при зеркальных отражениях и инверсиях пространства. Получены геометрические и кинематические условия совместности первого порядка в терминах псевдотензоров. Выведены условия совместности для слабых разрывов перемещений и микровращений в полуизотропном микрополярном континууме. Получены условия совместности на сильных разрывах в полуизотропном термоупругом континууме.
THE EVALUATION OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE FOR SELF-DRIVING VEHICLES
Authors: Kondratovič Vladislav , Čygas Donatas , Juodvalkienė Edita
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the problems of the use of self-driving vehicles (SDV) on public the adaptation of road infrastructures well as with, the necessity and objectives of assessment, and the experience of foreign countries in this field. The main factors influencing for SDV were analyzed. An evaluation model of infrastructure adaptation for SDV has been developed, allowing rational planning and selection of the most appropriate selfdriving public transport routes. In order to efficiently integrate SDV into transport systems, it is recommended to evaluate the potential route alternatives using the SAW method and also to use the efficiency indicators proposed in the thesis and their significance. After analyzing the theoretical and practical aspects of road infrastructure adaptation for SDV conclusions and suggestions are given.
The
Ṁ
–M
disk Relationship for Herbig Ae/Be Stars: A Lifetime Problem for Disks with Low Masses?
Authors: Grant Sierra L. , Stapper Lucas M. , Hogerheijde Michiel R. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Brittain Sean , Vioque Miguel
Published: September 2023

The accretion of material from protoplanetary disks onto their central stars is a fundamental process in the evolution of these systems and a key diagnostic in constraining the disk lifetime. We analyze the relationship between the stellar accretion rate and the disk mass in 32 intermediate-mass Herbig Ae/Be systems and compare them to their lower-mass counterparts, T Tauri stars. We find that the

M

̇

–M
disk relationship for Herbig Ae/Be stars is largely flat at ∼10−7
M
☉ yr−1 over 3 orders of magnitude in dust mass. While most of the sample follows the T Tauri trend, a subset of objects with high accretion rates and low dust masses are identified. These outliers (12 out of 32 sources) have an inferred disk lifetime of less than 0.01 Myr and are dominated by objects with low infrared excess. This outlier sample is likely identified in part by the bias in classifying Herbig Ae/Be stars, which requires evidence of accretion that can only be reliably measured above a rate of ∼10−9
M
☉ yr−1 for these spectral types. If the disk masses are not underestimated and the accretion rates are not overestimated, this implies that these disks may be on the verge of dispersal, which may be due to efficient radial drift of material or outer disk depletion by photoevaporation and/or truncation by companions. This outlier sample likely represents a small subset of the larger young, intermediate-mass stellar population, the majority of which would have already stopped accreting and cleared their disks.
Survey of CH3NH2 and its Formation Process
Authors: Suzuki Taiki , Majumdar Liton , Goldsmith Paul F. , Tokuda Kazuki , Minamoto Harumi , Ohishi Masatoshi , Saito Masao , Hirota Tomoya , Nomura Hideko , Oya Yoko
Published: September 2023

We present the observational results of a precursor of glycine, methylamine (CH3NH2), together with methanol (CH3OH) and methanimine (CH2NH) for the high-mass star-forming regions NGC 6334I, G10.47+0.03, G31.41+0.3, and W51 e1/e2 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The molecular abundances of these sources were derived using the CASSIS spectrum analyzer and compared with our state-of-the-art three-phase chemical model NAUTILUS. We found that the observed abundance ratio of CH3NH2/CH3OH is between 0.008 and 1.0 for all sources, except for NGC 6334I MM3, where a ratio less than 0.002 is found. This may be due to its later evolutionary stage relative to the other cores. We also found that the observed CH3NH2/CH3OH ratio agrees well with the three-phase chemical model NAUTILUS, which includes the formation of CH3NH2 on the grain surface via a series of hydrogenation processes of HCN. This result clearly shows the importance of hydrogenation processes to form CH3NH2.
Flare Duty Cycle of Gamma-Ray Blazars and Implications for High-energy Neutrino Emission
Authors: Yoshida Kenji , Petropoulou Maria , Murase Kohta , Oikonomou Foteini
Published: September 2023

Gamma-ray flares of blazars may be accompanied by high-energy neutrinos due to interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the jet with photons, as suggested by the detection of the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A during a major gamma-ray flare from blazar TXS 0506+056 at the ∼3σ significance level. In this work, we present a statistical study of gamma-ray emission from blazars to constrain the contribution of gamma-ray flares to their neutrino output. We construct weekly binned light curves for 145 gamma-ray bright blazars in the Fermi Large Area Telescope Monitored Source List adding TXS 0506+056. We derive the fraction of time spent in the flaring state (flare duty cycle) and the fraction of energy released during each flare from the light curves with a Bayesian blocks algorithm. We find that blazars with lower flare duty cycles and energy fractions are more numerous among our sample. We identify a significant difference in flare duty cycles between blazar subclasses at a significance level of 5%. Then using a general scaling relation for the neutrino and gamma-ray luminosities,

L

ν

∝

(

L

γ

)

γ

with a weighting exponent of γ = 1.0–2.0, normalized to the quiescent gamma-ray or X-ray flux of each blazar, we evaluate the neutrino energy flux of each gamma-ray flare. The gamma-ray flare distribution indicates that blazar neutrino emission may be dominated by flares for γ ≳ 1.5. The neutrino energy fluxes for 1 week and 10 yr bins are compared with the decl.-dependent IceCube sensitivity to constrain the standard neutrino emission models for gamma-ray flares. Finally, we present the upper-limit contribution of blazar gamma-ray flares to the isotropic diffuse neutrino flux.