bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction of practice-oriented learning in the training of future teachers
Authors: Sagitova Zhanna , Abdykhalykova Zhazira , Makhadiyeva Assel , Baimukhanova Aizhan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the modernisation of the modern higher education system, specifically, by the need to apply effective teaching methods for training polyfunctional pedagogical specialists. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to find best methods and techniques of training future teachers in the context of forming their interest in learning and mastering practical skills in the context of modern requirements to a pedagogical specialist. Methodology. The conceptual framework of the theoretical and methodological approach to the research problem was a qualitative combination of the methods of content analysis, synthesis, and deduction, as well as the methods of experimental learning, observation, and comparative analysis. Results. The analysis of theoretical foundations on the research topic showed that practice-oriented learning is based on the principles that emphasise the practical application of knowledge, development of skills and competences necessary for successful professional activity of a specialist. The analysed modern scientific works allowed highlighting the relevant problems of the introducing practice-oriented learning in higher education, which contributed to the development and implementation of the concept of increasing the interest of future teachers in mastering professional skills in the educational process. The conducted pedagogical experiment revealed substantial differences in the use of conventional teaching methods and the selected strategy in the context of development of students� professional competences. Conclusions. It was empirically established that practice-oriented forms of class organisation allow creating conditions for active learning activities of students, which also affects their adaptation to the performance of professional tasks and motivation to the implementation of pedagogical activity in general. The value of the obtained research results lies in the developed approach of integrating the case study method into the educational programme, which allows optimising the implementation of practice-oriented learning for students of pedagogical specialities. Keywords: higher education; case study; pedagogical skills; professional competences; motivation; learning activity
Problems of translating ethnic markers in a prose text (based on the material of O. Bokeev's prose)
Authors: Nurgali Kadisha , Ternavskaya Madina
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that since ancient times translation has been a source of necessary knowledge and the foundations of culture. The role of translation is to mediate between different cultures and languages. The value of translating a prose text is constantly increasing. This procedure, namely the translation into another language of what is contained in the source text, is undoubtedly a complex operation and requires appropriate skills. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider the role of ethnic aspects and problems in the translation of prose texts using the example of O. Bokeev's materials. This type of translation requires subject, language, and cultural competence. This procedure creates special difficulties associated with various translation features. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the following approaches to this subject: cognitive, component-structural, anthropocentric. Results. The diverse material discussed and the considerable number of drafts illustrate the complexity involved in translating O. Bokeev's prose. This highlights the multifaceted challenges of conveying ethnic markers in translation. Cultural rapprochement through translation is not achieved with a single text; rather, it requires numerous translated works to gradually depict an image that encapsulates various national cultural characteristics. Conclusions. The process of departure from the perception of translation as an interlanguage system to culturally oriented aspects underlies the prosaic analysis of text translation. The absolute position of the source text as a transmitter of meanings extracted from the language should focus on equivalence. The structuralism of prose translation assumes that the main task is to determine the essence and conditions that generalise the behavioural characteristics of an ethnic group, the context of the use of terms of its representatives. Keywords: prose translation; ethnic markers; culture; text; prose writer; problems; ethnics; national markers
Using translation by students in foreign (English) language lessons
Authors: Kyzyrova Assem , Gauriyeva Gulzhan , Kismetova Galiya , Dukembay Gulzhannat , Akkaliyeva Aizhan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the research lies in the use of translation by students in foreign language lessons determines the strategy and concept of learning, since the modern world is rapidly developing, differentiating and changing; it needs constant translation and explanation. Translation reduces the feeling of anxiety when learning the target language, creates a positive sense of relaxation and reduces stress in students. It helps to achieve results that require writing, reading, systematization of ideas and the formation of proposals. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider the factors and features of the use of translation by students in English lessons. It is important to mention pedagogical translation, which serves to improve the language skills of students. Methodology. The research is based on the following methodological approaches: empirical, pedagogical experiment, questionnaire. Results. It is suggested to use the translation of a foreign language in the lesson for a better presentation of new vocabulary, explanations of complex grammatical structures and brief comments on the content of the texts discussed. Bilingual translation is also a good tool for monitoring the degree of understanding of more complex sentences and checking whether the student has actively mastered certain language structures. Conclusions. The integration of translation in foreign language lessons not only enhances linguistic competence but also fosters active student engagement, making the didactic process more appealing and modern. The pedagogical utilization of translation represents a fundamental component of the innovative learning paradigm and is indispensable for developing essential skills and knowledge in the field of foreign language education. Keywords: foreign language; translation; lesson; students; text; language competence; pedagogical translation
Corporate tax evasion offences evidence collection in the context of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bukenessov Azamat , Kazhenov Yergazy , Kazhenova Assel , Temirzhanova Lyazzat , Baimoldina Svetlana
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The research relevance is determined by further expansion of the theoretical understanding of offences related to tax evasion by organisations in Kazakhstan given the scale of this phenomenon. Purpose. The research aims to characterise the offences of corporate tax evasion in Kazakhstan from the point of view of the definition of the offence, the specifics of proof and criminological characteristics. Methodology. The statistical analysis, analogy, and generalisation methods, as well as formal-legal and formal-logical approaches, were used in the article. Results. The peculiarities of proving such offences were revealed, and recommendations for its improvement directly in the Republic of Kazakhstan were offered. The issue of timely completion of investigation of offences following Article 245 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (CC RK) was analysed in detail. The features that increase the danger of tax evasion are highlighted, among which particular attention is devoted to tax evasion using organisations operating in offshore zones and tax evasion using specially created organisations to avoid payments to the country�s budgets. The study also delved into the analysis of existing opinions and concepts of scientists concerning this issue. The study of different points of view allowed for a deeper understanding of the complexity of this phenomenon and possible ways to counteract tax evasion. Conclusions. In conclusion, this article underscores the complexity and significance of corporate tax evasion offences in Kazakhstan, emphasizing the necessity for enhanced methods of evidence collection and proof. The findings highlight the critical need for improved investigative processes, particularly concerning organizations operating in offshore zones and those specially created to evade taxes. By addressing these issues, the research provides valuable insights and recommendations for strengthening the legal framework and enforcement mechanisms to combat tax evasion effectively in Kazakhstan. Keywords: pre-trial investigation; investigation and evaluation of evidence; tax liability; criminal liability; criminological characterisation
Problems and prospects of development of public-private partnership in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Political analysis
Authors: Akhatay Bayan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Public-private partnership (PPP) is considered as a priority in Kazakhstan's state policy for achieving strategic plans, fostering political stability, and boosting the economy by attracting private investment in key sectors. Thus, studying the PPP issues and prospects is vital, necessitating a comprehensive economic perspective and integration with other societal spheres of public life. Purpose. The study aims to explore the political aspect of PPP development in Kazakhstan and seeks to assess the extent of influence exerted by various factors on the PPP mechanism. Additionally, the study intends to identify measures for enhancing the PPP framework, with particular attention to the relative importance of factors impacting its progress. Methodology. The study's empirical basis involved a PEST analysis of PPP issues, utilizing expert questionnaires from 5 political scientists, 5 economists, 5 sociologists, and 5 technology specialists. An expert survey with scaling estimates was conducted, followed by an analysis of these assessments. Results. The results of the study reveal ways to enhance the PPP mechanism by examining the specific impacts of political, economic, social, and technological factors. The study is theoretically grounded in neocorporatism, which advocates for the systematic involvement of interest groups in shaping state policies that connect government and business entities. The hypothesis was tested by evaluating the influence of these factors on PPP development, identifying key challenges, and outlining future prospects for PPPs in Kazakhstan. Conclusions. Based on the findings of the PEST analysis, it is evident that updating the legislative framework to align with current requirements is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of PPP initiatives. Improving PPP project quality necessitates prioritizing projects addressing fundamental societal needs and critical issues. Keywords: strategic partnership; business; state; neo-corporatism; information technology; democratic society
Electronic dispute resolution in business: Opportunities for implementation in Kazakhstan
Authors: Tnalin Kanat , Kizdarbekova Antonina
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of conducting a study on alternative dispute resolution between business entities stems from the fact that the current processes of digitalisation and globalisation have extended the opportunities for the introduction of innovative technologies in court proceedings. Purpose. Among the key tasks and objectives of the study was the analysis of the mechanism for implementing electronic dispute resolution in business activities, highlighting its characteristic features and the principles on which this activity is based. Methodology. The methods used in the present study are the theoretical-methodological approach, the functional methodological approach, the method of legal hermeneutics, the dogmatic methodological approach, the method of synthesis and others. Results. The study analysed the specifics of the implementation of mediation as an electronic dispute resolution method in business. International practices have been analysed and the advantages and disadvantages of implementing an electronic dispute resolution mechanism in the business sector have been highlighted and recommendations have been made to make the implementation of the mechanism in Kazakhstan more effective. To complete the analysis, statistical data were reviewed, based on dispute resolution by courts of general jurisdiction and the Specialised Inter-District Economic Court in comparison to the methods they use, and analysis was carried out on the use of mediation and settlement agreements, as well as through the use of online systems. Conclusions. A scientific study of electronic dispute resolution reveals that integrating innovative communication technologies into legal proceedings significantly enhances traditional dispute resolution methods. Electronic dispute resolution can address conflicts ranging from interpersonal disputes to state-level conflicts and is particularly beneficial for business disputes. The practical value of the findings is that the introduction of an effective e-justice mechanism will provide an opportunity to protect the rights of entrepreneurs and conduct this type of activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: protection of entrepreneurs; mediation; arbitration; foreign economic disputes; electronic justice; negotiations
Evaluating the input-process-output quality management model for chinese students studying in ASEAN educational institutions
Authors: Zhao Xingran , Lertlit Supinda
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Educational institutions have increased their attention towards quality management to retain their competitiveness and remain relevant in the rapidly changing world. Several models have been proposed to guide quality management for educational institutions, but empirical evaluation of them has not been properly carried out. Purpose. The article main purpose is to assess the input-process-output (IPO) model as a one that is capable to enabling academic institutions in ASEAN countries to serve the demands of Chinese studying abroad. Methodology. A voluntary response sample of 61 Chinese students studying in ASEAN countries responded to an online closed-ended questionnaires. Results. Findings from the study revealed that input factors (p=0.14; p<0.05), process factors (p=0.00; p<0.05), and output factors (p=0.028; p<0.05) provide foundations for explaining quality management efforts by universities in the ASEAN region to satisfy the demands of students from China abroad. Conclusions. Built on the analyzed results, it was recommended that universities in the ASEAN region improve their quality management efforts by focusing on each element of the inputs, processes, and outputs to ensure they are consistent with the needs of Chinese students. Keywords: Input factors; process factors; output factors; ASEAN countries; Chinese students
The use of methods and tools of financial management in the organisation management system
Authors: Krasnostanova Nataliia , Vasyutynska Lyudmyla , Baranova Viktoriya , Lapina Iryna , Voloshchuk Lidiia
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the subject is conditioned upon the fact that while doing business, a financial manager faces many problems related to the financial management system, as a result of which there is a need for rational use of financial resources. Purpose. This study is aimed at identifying methods and tools of financial management in the organisation management system. Methodology. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a combination of synthesis and analysis methods, which, complement each other and allow comprehensively considering the process of optimising the company's activities through the use of basic methods, concepts, and tools of financial management. Results. The main results obtained within the framework of this study are the consideration of the essence of financial management, the identification of its role in the financial management system at the enterprise, the identification of the main methods of financial management in the management system, the substantiation of the tools through which these methods are implemented, and the formulation of the main difficulties of the organisation of the financial management system, which an enterprise may face. Conclusions. The study's conclusions significantly influence the rational and effective use of capital, financial resource enhancement, and investment volume increase, enabling enterprises to improve their competitive advantages in the market and generate profits, which is the ultimate goal of any business management. Keywords: management; financial management; business optimization; financial management methods; financial management tools
Academic research writing from an intercultural perspective
Authors: Dyussekeneva Indira , Kalimova Zhibek , Soltanbekova Orynbassar , Turikpenova Aigul , Tulekova Meruert
Published: July 2024

Relevance. At the moment, issues related to intercultural development are becoming particularly relevant. This is conditioned upon the dynamic social changes caused mainly by globalisation. Accordingly, researchers are analysing the characteristics of each culture more often, including those related to the academic research writing. Purpose. The purpose of this study is an in-depth investigation of the main intercultural perspectives and factors reflected in academic research writing. Methodology. For this purpose, various methodological tools were used in the study. In particular, functional and dialectical methodological approaches, the analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalisation methods. Results. Notably, a number of essential and priority results were obtained during the study, covering the question from different points of view. In particular, in the theoretical context, the essence and peculiarity of the general theoretical concepts forming the research object, the academic research and cross-cultural features were investigated. In addition, the practical foundations based on comparing different states and cultures, particularly their customs, affecting scientific activity, were also investigated. Conclusions. The practical value lies in the possibility of using the study for future research and developing a full-fledged classification of academic research based on their territoriality. The subject under study is quite contradictory, as evidenced by its multidimensional nature, which necessitates further analysis. A promising area for this is to establish the main factors influencing the development of differences in academic research writing in different countries. Keywords: scientific activity; national specific features; culture; study; traditions
The legal status of a judge in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Salpekov Almas , Akimbekova Saida , Talapova Gulmira
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the study is based on the fact that the judiciary is an institutional element of the legal system that ensures the democratic development of the state towards economic, political and social renewal. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to expose the mechanism of the judicial system and highlight the special features of the legal status of the judge and the major challenges that hinder the improvement of the legal position. Methodology. Among the methodological approaches used in this investigation are formal legal, theoretical, legal hermeneutics, dogmatic, deduction, synthesis and others. Results. The study examined the mechanism for the judicial system and its specific features, highlighting the role of this element of the legal system in the formation of public life; the concept of the legal status of judges and their rights and obligations were also analysed. Special attention has been given to the content of the employment contract with judges and their requirements, and the specifics of entering into an employment contract. The analysis reveals the special features and challenges in modifying and terminating a judge's mandate. The principle of judicial independence has been studied in detail, establishing its importance in ensuring a fair trial and creating the conditions for citizens to regain the trust of the authorities. Conclusions. The practical relevance of the findings is in recommendations on how to address the challenges in improving the legal status of the judge, as this is an integral part of building a democratic state. Keywords: judicial power; justice; legal status; powers; judicial reform
Education policy implemented by China to advance "Belt and Road" initiative in Kazakhstan
Authors: Baishan Guliziyi , Nechayeva Yelena , Kozhirova Svetlana , Ibrayeva Aigerim
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of this study lies in the significant role that China's "Belt and Road" initiative plays in promoting international educational exchanges, especially with Kazakhstan. Purpose. The study aims to analyse China's education policy development in Kazakhstan under the "Belt and Road" initiative, focusing on the background, influencing factors, implementation measures, and future trends, to provide insights for educational practice in both China and Kazakhstan. Methodology. The research employs a comprehensive review of policy documents, agreements, and implementation measures related to China's "Belt and Road" educational initiatives. It uses qualitative analysis to extract insights from these sources. Results. The results highlight the establishment of a "Belt and Road" educational community, the signing of educational cooperation agreements with 24 countries, and the launch of educational programs in 23 countries. Notably, 60 Chinese colleges and universities have initiated overseas education programs, and 16 have established international cooperation laboratories. Conclusions. The study concludes that the "Belt and Road" initiative has effectively fostered educational cooperation and integration. This initiative enhances higher education's role in economic, social, and cultural exchanges between China and countries along the route, particularly Kazakhstan. The findings offer a foundation for future educational policies and practices to further strengthen these international collaborations. Keywords: "Belt and Road"; China; Kazakhstan; education policy
Features of collecting Kazakh folklore and methods of collecting folklore of the first half of the XX century
Authors: Zhussupov Nartay , Baratova Mukhabbat , Zhussupova Gulnaz , Zhussupov Yertay , Mukusheva Kuralay
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The collection and study of Kazakh folklore are crucial for preserving the rich cultural heritage and ensuring its transmission to future generations. Understanding the processes involved in gathering, processing, and publishing folklore materials is essential for advancing the field of folklore studies and for maintaining the cultural identity of the Kazakh people. Purpose. This study aims to investigate the methods and practices of collecting Kazakh folklore in the first half of the XX century, highlighting the importance of systematic collection and the role of individual researchers in preserving and disseminating oral traditions. Methodology. The research involves a comprehensive analysis of historical records and scholarly works on the collection of Kazakh folklore, focusing on the techniques used by researchers to gather material directly from oral sources and the subsequent processes of transcription and preparation for publication. Results. The study reveals that the process of collecting Kazakh folklore in the early XX century was meticulous and required careful reproduction of oral narratives onto paper, ensuring their authenticity and accuracy. This method has been instrumental in preserving the genre-specific characteristics of folklore and providing a solid foundation for future research. Conclusions. The systematic collection and documentation of Kazakh folklore are vital for safeguarding the cultural heritage and supporting scholarly endeavors in folklore studies. By adhering to rigorous scientific standards in the collection and publication processes, researchers can ensure the integrity and longevity of this invaluable cultural resource. Keywords: folklore studies; collection; processing; publication; Kazakh folklore; genre
Philosophy of education in the context of the Kazakh secondary education space
Authors: Nuradin Gulkhan , Maldybek Akmaral , Shadinova Gulzira , Altynbekova Zagipa , Atash Berik
Published: July 2024

Relevance. In today's fast-paced and ever-evolving world, it is crucial to equip students with the skills and knowledge they will need to navigate and succeed in the future. This preparation must begin during their school years. Purpose. The purpose of this scientific paper is to determine the philosophy of secondary education in Kazakhstan by revealing the general trends in the philosophy of the modern world as well as by considering certain aspects. Methodology. The following series of methods of the theoretical block was used during the study: analysis, synthesis, concretization and generalization of information. Results. Based on an examination of the labor market in Kazakhstan and a review of global trends, it has been ascertained that professions requiring mental labor will hold significance in the future. Therefore, fostering students' creative thinking abilities is imperative. Communication and teamwork skills are one of the main skills that a modern worker should have, so it is necessary to develop them from school age. An important feature of modern teenagers, which should be taken into account in the learning process, is their desire for independence, as well as the significant role of social networks in their lives. It is also worth noting that despite the fact that distance education is crucial today, Kazakhstan faces significant problems with Internet coverage in remote areas and poor material provision of schools. Conclusions. The philosophy of secondary education in the 21st century has evolved significantly, emphasizing modern philosophical trends such as globalization and multiculturalism. Today's education focuses on developing universal skills, particularly soft skills, like teamwork and creative problem-solving. The results of this article will be useful for scientific teachers who develop the curriculum and are responsible for the introduction of new methods of conducting the educational process. Keywords: globalization; labor market; generation Z; soft skills; remote education
Exploring Current Issues in Teacher Education in China
Authors: Guo Shibao
Published: July 2024

Teachers have had a long-honored standing in Chinese history. Yet the formal education of teachers is a relatively new development. This article reviews the historical development of teacher education in modern China and its current provisions. A number of issues pertaining to the preparation of teachers for both adults and children are examined. This article reveals that the teacher education system in China is inadequate and requires urgent remedial action. Among the issues discussed the most important are teachers' low political and social status and poor living conditions. Some tentative suggestions are made in the hope that these may help to effect changes in the system in China. Two sources of data are employed in conducting this research: literature and interviews.
Relationships Between Gender and Alberta Achievement Test Scores During a Four-Year Period
Authors: Pope Gregory A. , Wentzel Carolyn , Braden Brigitta , Anderson Jordan
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate statistical relationships between gender and Alberta Achievement Testing Program scores. Achievement test scores from grades 3, 6, and 9 in all subject areas were investigated during a four-year period. Results showed statistically significant positive correlations between gender and scores in most subject areas. Girls tended to outperform boys in language-based tests (i.e., writing and reading assignments), whereas boys tended to score higher than girls in mathematics and science. Correlation effect sizes were in the small range for the machine-scored components and near the medium size range for the constructed-response components. In general, the results show that small relationships exist between gender and achievement test scores in Alberta.
Globalization and Decentralization of Management: A Study of the Feasibility of Application of School-Based Management in Iran’s Secondary Schools
Authors: Mehralizadeh Yadollah , Sepace Hossain , Atashfeshan Fatimeh
Published: July 2024

The main purpose of this study was to recognize the critical barriers of school-based management in Iran in general, and in public secondary schools of Ahvaz in particular. The subject is addressed with Lawler’s (1992) theory and those of other researchers in mind. The main questions are: What are the characteristics of the new system of school-based management in Iran’s secondary schools? How much do the secondary school principals, teachers, and local education authorities know about school-based management? To what extent do they agree with the application of school-based management? To what extent do they believe that school-based management is feasible for secondary schools? And what barriers hinder successful implementation of school-based management in Iran? Quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interviews) approaches were used for collecting data. Results are reported in detail. We conclude that the school-based management scheme is not developing well and needs to be reconsidered by education policymakers. Some suggestions are made to facilitate the implementation of school-based management in Ahvaz.
Using Think Alouds, Think Afters, and Think Togethers to Research Adolescents’ Inquiry Experiences
Authors: Branch Jennifer L.
Published: July 2024

This article presents three research methods—Think Alouds, Think Afters, and Think Togethers—as ways of gathering data to describe the experiences of adolescents during instructional activities. These verbal report methods were used in two studies that examined the information-seeking processes of adolescents in Inuvik, Northwest Territories and Beaumont, Alberta. The first study revealed that participants needed both mediation (instruction and support) and practice to develop the skills and strategies needed for full-text searching of electronic encyclopedias. The second study revealed that students needed mediation (instruction and support) throughout an inquiry-based learning experience and that using Kuhlthau’s (1993) Information Search Process model as a guide for cognitive and affective mediation was useful. The Think Alouds, Think Afters, and Think Togethers allowed the researcher to collect data about the adolescents’ experiences of information-seeking; the data-gathering processes also provided the participants with a deeper understanding of their own experiences of instructional activities. I conclude the article with recommendations to enhance researchers’ use of verbal report methods with adolescents.
Collaborating with Teachers and Students in Multiliteracies Research: "Se hace camino al andar"
Authors: McClay Jill Kedersha
Published: July 2024

Multiliteracies theory, with an emphasis on literacy as diverse and negotiated social practices involving multimodal work, is particularly compatible with collaborative research, as such research enables researchers and teachers to consider students’ multiple perspectives and intentions for their work. This article discusses three collaborative teacher-researcher case studies of teaching and learning in a multiliteracies framework with middle-years students. In these case studies teachers developed literacy projects that explicitly sought to capitalize on students’ out-of-school literacy interests and practices. Collaborative researcher-teacher relationships enabled comfortable research relationships with students throughout 6- to 10-week instructional projects; students’ perspectives throughout the projects enriched both the teaching and the research. These case studies suggest implications regarding collaborative relationships and stances among researchers, teachers, and students.
Communities In Schools: A Newfoundland School and Community Outreach in Need of Stability
Authors: Barter Barbara
Published: July 2024

Communities In Schools (CIS) was introduced to Cormack Trail School District in 1991. Using a whole-school philosophy it offers non-targeted programming to all children through the building of community-based partnerships and community involvement. The purpose of this article is to explore what participants said about their work with CIS: where they worked, what they did, what they liked about their work, what they disliked, their perceptions of barriers and supports, and their suggestions for positive growth. The field texts derive from three main sources: interviews with four CIS workers and one principal; documents and reports used as part of the reporting mechanism required by funding agencies and partners for both CIS and its parent organization (Community Education Networks) and minutes from principals’ meetings; and personal correspondence with the Director of Community Education Networks and the District Coordinator for Communities In Schools. Results indicate that true community involvement in schools can exist and is of benefit to the education of children, but that challenges related to time frames, salaries, and employees’ roles and expectations tied to government agency requirements need to be taken into consideration.
Mothers’ Beliefs About Literacy Development: Indigenous and Anglo-Australian Mothers From Different Educational Backgrounds
Authors: Torr Jane
Published: July 2024

Research has shown a relationship between mothers’ beliefs about literacy, their educational and socioeconomic backgrounds, and their children’s emergent literacy awareness. Many Australian Indigenous children experience educational disadvantage, as do children whose parents are manual workers. One recommendation that is frequently made is for parents to be encouraged to participate in their children’s literacy development. Yet little is known about the implicit beliefs about literacy held by mothers from Indigenous-Australian and Anglo-Australian backgrounds. Such beliefs need to be taken into account in early childhood literacy programs. Eleven Indigenous and nine Anglo-Australian mothers from varied educational backgrounds were interviewed about how children learn to read and literacy in general. The findings indicate that the tertiary educated mothers, whether Indigenous or Anglo-Australian, held views that were mostly compatible with an emergent literacy perspective. The early school-leaving mothers focused more on the role of memory and repetition of specific skills in learning to read. These findings have implications for teachers, researchers, and family literacy programs.
Phenomenological Insight on Being Hindered From Fulfilling One’s Primary Responsibility to Educate Students
Authors: Collingridge Dave S.
Published: July 2024

The research literature suggests that a major challenge facing teachers today is being thwarted from fulfilling their primary responsibility to help students learn. Teachers who continually encounter circumstances that hinder their efforts to educate students are likely to experience workplace frustration and stress. Following the existential-phenomenological research approach, I conducted in-depth, private interviews with eight middle school teachers to reveal the psychological effect of workplace hindrances and to gain a deeper understanding of the experience underlying frustration. The salient experiential themes identified in this study are feeling disrespected, powerless, hopeless, upset/anger, and guilt. It is argued that we need to address these phenomenological constituents of being hindered and the contexts in which they occur if we hope seriously to mitigate the elevated levels of frustration and stress currently plaguing the profession.
Forward projected background oriented schlieren for study of sparks in internal combustion engines
Authors: Kottakalam Saraschandran , Rottenkolber Gregor , Trapp Christian
Published: July 2024

The use of renewable fuels, such as hydrogen, in internal combustion engines requires novel combustion strategies that require a deep understanding of their ignition phenomena. This leads to the need for improved or new measurement techniques that can provide further insight into these phenomena. As part of a study to better understand the ignition phenomenon, this paper presents a modified Background Oriented Schieren method developed to study the heat transfer from sparks generated by spark plugs. This new method is called Forward Projected Background Oriented Schlieren or FPBOS, and this is the first time such a method has been introduced to the best of the authors’ knowledge. FPBOS provides a flexible and more powerful alternative to other BOS techniques, especially for use in micro-calorimetry applications. It can be used similarly to any other BOS method and with different correlation algorithms. This study presents a detailed account of this technique and its use to obtain high resolution, high-speed visualisation of the heat transfer from the spark to the environment and the interaction of the spark with the flow field.
Development Of A Spatio-Temporal Acoustic Pressure Measurement Technique Utilizing Background Oriented Schlieren Technique
Authors: Ichihara Sayaka , Yamagishi Masato , Ishibashi Ayumu , Kurashina Yuta , Ota Masanori , Tagawa Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2024

We developed an image and optical-based technique to measure spatio-temporal acoustic pressure fields using BOS instead of a hydrophone. Fast checker demodulation (FCD) and vector tomography (VT) were employed for displacement detection and axisymmetric tomography, respectively. In experiments, BOS and hydrophones of different diameters measured focused ultrasound, revealing BOS's higher spatial resolution and ability to capture temporal evolution at 4.554 MHz. However, BOS showed systematic errors under amplified pressure. Using synthetic data, we identified that FCD's underestimation issues could be defined by the integrated power spectra of distorted images. Thus, BOS with FCD and VT provides high-resolution measurements but requires criteria to avoid displacement underestimation.
Improved Impingement Cooling Using Flow Enhancing Structural Elements
Authors: Schroll Michael , Willert Christian , Matha Marcel , Morsbach Christian , Brakmann Robin
Published: July 2024

This investigation is part of a study seeking to improve impingement cooling in internal combustion turbomachinery using flow modifying elements within the cooling channel. A simplified geometry of a jet impingement cooling configuration is chosen for well-defined numerical simulations and complementary experiments. The generic cooling channel setup features of a square cross-section that is closed on one end and is supplied by 9 inline jets that are directed toward a heated plate. Using RANS, the presence of an arc-conic placed immediately downstream of each jet nozzle was found to increase the heat transfer and prompted the present experimental study to elucidate the fluid mechanical mechanisms leading to the improved performance. Central to the study is an extensive data base of time-resolved 2d-2c PIV data for both channel configurations, with and without installed arc-conics, on a field of view that simultaneously captures up to 3 jets. Using two-point correlations, an interaction or modal coupling between the jets is not observed, suggesting that each jet may be treated individually. The arc-conics tend to stabilize the jets by capturing and redirecting the bulk cross-flow, thereby increasing the self-similarity of the jet impingement pattern, in particular toward the channel exit. Modal analysis using both proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) capture the dynamics of the flow, ideally to achieve a dimensionality reduction for reduced order modeling. However, the fully turbulent flow with highly stochastic dynamics exhibits only weak spatial or temporal signatures, with the energy content spread across a large number of modes. Among the dominant modes are pulsations of the jet onto the surface along with spanwise sweeping motions. The stabilization of the jet by the arc-conic results in a more defined impingement flow with the signature of the jet’s shear layer visible in the higher modes of the energy spectrum and is considered the main mechanism of improved heat transfer.
Characterization Of The Electrothermal Conversion Mechanisms Of A Plasma Actuator For Icing Control
Authors: Taleb Kaoutar , Castanet Guillaume , Labergue Alexandre
Published: July 2024

The characterization of a new icing protection system, specifically a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuator, is conducted in this study. The system operates by establishing an AC high voltage between two electrodes arranged on opposite sides of a dielectric material. This setup generates a plasma on the dielectric surface, which in turn induces a significant temperature rise (about 30°C) in both the dielectric surface and the surrounding air. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the electrothermal conversion mechanisms involved in the discharge, a Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence technique is employed. Using a two-colour one-dye ratiometric method (PLIF2c1d), the technique provides measurements of the temperature evolution of an ice droplet deposited on the actuator during its melting process by the discharge. An annular actuator configuration is chosen to minimise the effect of the generated ionic wind and maintain the droplet in the discharge. A pyranine and sucrose solution is identified and temperature calibrated. The calibration process involves depositing a droplet of the solution in a temperature-controlled enclosure capable of reaching temperatures as low as -22°C. Through detailed spectral analysis, two specific detection spectral bands are selected for the imaging applications. These bands enable measurements of the ice temperature with a sensitivity of 7.61%/°C. The effects of laser light scattering by ice and fluorescence reabsorption are also investigated by varying the ice thickness. They are found to have limited influence on the fluorescence emission when the solution in ice form. Finally, the capacity of the technique is evaluated by measuring the ice temperature evolution during the melting induced by a plasma discharge. Droplets are deposited on two dielectric materials, namely PTFE and Sapphire, which possess distinct thermal and dielectric properties. Comparisons under varying plasma discharge power levels provide valuable insights into the optimization of DBD plasma actuators for effective icing protection.
Effect Of Transcatheter Heart Valve Size And Deployment Height On Coronary Flow Obstruction
Authors: Barannyk Oleksandr , Garayev Kuvvat , Bianchi Matteo , Leong Jacky
Published: July 2024

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is commonly found in patients with aortic stenosis; therefore, its prevalence is high in patients that are candidate for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). As the TAVR procedure is expanding into younger and lower-risk population, the importance of early CAD monitoring and detection, as well as determination of potential impact of implant design or deployment strategy on CAD progression is of great importance. In this study, we investigate the effect of transcatheter heart valve (THV) size and deployment height on coronary flow obstruction during normotensive hemodynamic flow conditions. We employ unsteady, pulsatile flow, generated by a left heart model, and utilize clinically relevant geometry, pressure, and flow waveforms. Of particular interest is to understand the interaction between THV and anatomy regarding coronary flow obstruction. For a wide range of parameters, we examine two distinct THV deployment scenarios: nominal deployment – high coronary blockage (ND-HCB), and high deployment – low coronary blockage (HD-LCB). Additionally, we investigated the impact of the locations of coronary ostia and THV commissure alignment onto the risk of coronary flow obstruction. With the aid of 2D-2C particle image velocimetry (PIV), the distinctive flow patterns within the aortic sinus space are identified from the response of the flow to the presence of THV. Comparison between two THV deployment scenarios revealed that ND-HCB configurations lead to formation of stagnant flow zones, while the HD-LCB configuration provided an adequate washout of the entire coronary sinus. The optimal washout of the aortic root sinus is achieved when the distance between native leaflets and coronary ostia is maximized. Furthermore, results showed that up to 4% improvement in the coronary flow rate can be achieved if commissure alignment procedure is performed. As the coronary artery obstruction phenomenon is additive in its nature, a pre-existing stenotic condition in association with suboptimal THV deployment may lead to increased risk of full coronary blockage and immediate need for coronary intervention. In conclusion, this study using an experimental coronary assessment tool may provide potential insights to inform pre-procedural TAVR strategies in challenging patients’ anatomies, thereby maximizing the associated benefit.
Estimating Velocity Correlations Using Single Pixel PIV
Authors: Scharnowski Sven , Kähler Christian J.
Published: July 2024

In this work, we analyze the possibility of determining correlations of turbulent velocity fluctuations from PIV data with improved spatial resolution. The analysis is based on the method presented by Oldenziel et al. (2023), where a joint probability density function of the velocity at two locations is calculated from the single-pixel ensemble correlation for these locations. Synthetic PIV images are used to discuss the occurrence of random and systematic errors and to derive the number of image pairs required for a determination of the correlation coefficient with desired uncertainty, depending on the particle image density. Compared to classical window correlation, the presented method can improve the spatial resolution by about one order of magnitude if a very large number of PIV image pairs are available and/or many statistically independent points with identical flow properties can be used. As an example of application, we show the spatial distribution of a two-point correlation in a compressible turbulent boundary layer flow for a reference point near the wall.