bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PENETAPAN GUBERNUR KEPALA DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA DALAM SISTEM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH BERDASARKAN PASAL 18 AYAT (4) UUD 1945
Authors: Widodo Ismu Gunadi
Published: December 2016

The Yogyakarta Specialist Region, both historical and juridical have strong legitimacy as special regions. Historically, (1) privilege status of Yogyakarta is a conscious political choice taken by the ruler of Yogyakarta, namely Sultan HB IX and Paku Alam VIII, and not the granting of national political entity; (2) Yogyakarta provide space areas and concrete for the Indonesian population early. Third, Yogyakarta became the savior when Indonesian forces in crisis situations to preserve the Declaration of Independence August 17, 1945. While legally the First, the consistency at the level that recognizes the juridical existence of a region that is special. Second, the consistency of recognition of the status of a regional specialty is not followed by a comprehensive arrangement on the substance of the privilege of an area. Special of DIY also reflected in the mechanism of filling the vacancy Guvernor and the Deputy Governor, with the appointment/establishment of Sri Sultan and Sri Pakualam directly by the President. The constitutional system of decision Hamengkubuwono X and Sri Pakualam, as Governor and Deputy Governor of DIY is not contradictory with the Constitution (unconstitutional) for determining the gain legitimacy from the community (community wishes).  Keywords: specialty of DIY, governor determination system, regional head of electoral systems
PERSPEKTIF YURIDIS TANGGUNG JAWAB DOKTER TERHADAP RAHASIA MEDIS PASIEN HIV/AIDS (Studi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Banyumas)
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad
Published: December 2016

Examination of HIV/AIDS patient with do voluntary and confidential principle. Patient confidentiality must be maintained with the best. Status and the presence of HIV/AIDS patients are kept secret and so raises dilemma for physicians nor patient themselves. Juridical perspective of physician responsibility in opening the medical secret of patients with HIV/AIDS is a view or understanding of legal liability physicians in opening the medical secret of HIV/AIDS patients. Things must be secret maintained in the form of of identity, diagnosis, disease history, inspection history and treatment history. Perspective juridical physician’s responsibility in RSUD Banyumas generally show very much agrees on opening medical confidential HIV/AIDS patients with patient consent. Implementation of medical confidentiality laws against HIV/AIDS patients in RSUD Banyumas implemented properly.Key words : confidential medical, legal perspectives physicians, law enforcement
HUKUM PASAR MODAL DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL
Authors: Salami Rochani Urip
Published: December 2016

Each state has always tried to promote development, prosperity and prosperity of its people. One methode that tends to be done by the state is to attract as many foreign investments into the country. In the Investment Law, there are three principles: First, the rule of law which is manifested in several important principles such asequal treatment between investment of domestic and foreign, transparency and accountability; Second, Guarantees against nationalization affirmation action in the dispute settlement, and Third, Simplification of investment procedures and licensing service through an integrated one stop mechanism.  Economic development is not just the responsibility of the goverment and its citizens, but also the responsibility of investor. Arrangements os social responsibility for infestor is the legal basic for investor in caring the surrounding environment, so with the implementation of social responsibility by companies in a region, indirectly the company/investors assist in improve the welfare of local communities.Key words: capital market law, corporate social responsibility, globalization
PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL DALAM PENGEMBALIAN ASET HASIL KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ginting Jamin
Published: December 2016

International agreement is an important requirement to make asset recovery effectively.  Mutual Legal Assistant (MLA) and Extradition are types of international agreement which usually used among country in asset recovery.  Beside the regulations mentioned above, there are international regulation in United Nations ConventionAgaints Corruptio, 2003 (UNCAC 2003) which should be adopted and applied in Indonesian Regulation to make asset recovery  effectively, such as regulation concerning Illicit Enrichment, Trading in Influence, bribery of foreign public officials and officials of Public international organizations, bribery in the private sector and another regulations which is  supposed to be regulated in Indonesian’s regulation.Key words: corruption, international agreements, extradition
TANTANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM MENGHADAPI MASA DEPAN INDONESIA DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Mashdurohatun Anis
Published: December 2016

In essence, globalization is the best means for Muslims to introduce the culture and the teachings of Islam to all corners of the world. Islamic economic challenges including the State that in fact many Muslim population tends to use the capitalist system; In economics and politics in view of the Islamic State is not strong so it is difficult to prove that the Islamic Economic System is superior to the capitalist and socialist, and Among the experts was still disagreement on the definition Islamic Economic System. Islamic Economy Facing Future In Indonesia in the Era of Globalization needs to consider several factors, namely Mastery Technologies, Sharia-based SME Development, Keeping the Sharia Economic Excellence, namely Islamic economic system, and also the prohibition of usury.Keywords:  islamic economic, globalization, capitalism
SISTEM HUKUM BARAT, SISTEM HUKUM ADAT, DAN SISTEM HUKUM ISLAM, MENUJU SEBAGAI SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL SEBUAH IDE YANG HARMONI
Authors: Mustaghfirin H
Published: December 2016

West Legal System follow the philosophy of legal positivism values conflict with the noble values of the Indonesian nation, so there Gab between the law and people of Indonesia are regulated, System of Customary Law in the values of certain indigenous communities whose territory reached 350 indigenous territories, and can only be believed by public socialized habits, and can not be validated as a national law, and Islam as the Legal System is based on the attributes of God as "Asmaul Husna" and diamalkan believed by the majority of individuals nationwide Indonesian society and tolerance of permanent values believed by minority groups in Indonesia, therefore the system of Islamic law that allows a system of national law in accordance with the personality of the Indonesian nation and not betentangan with the values of Pancasila. Keywords   :  Western Legal System, system of customary law, islamic legal system, the national legal system, perspective of legal philosophy, harmony.
ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MELATARBELAKANGI TERJADINYA NIKAH SIRRI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PEREMPUAN (ISTRI) DAN ANAK-ANAK
Authors: Adillah Siti Ummu
Published: December 2016

Sirri marriage reality is like an iceberg phenomenon, many occur in society, but the tappears only small surface and publicized when the perpetrator of public officials or public figures.The negative impact of sirri marriage experienced by many women (wives) and children if her husband is not responsible.The factors underlying the community do sirri marriage is due to economic factors, factors not old enough, factor bond department/work or school, it was thought that the marriage valid according the religion, recording  the only orderly administration, pregnant outside of marriage due to promiscuity, lack of understanding and awareness of marriage records, social factors, the difficulty of the rule of polygamy and the persistence of people who do sirri marriage because no one wants to take firm action against perpetrators of irresponsible. While positive and negative impact on women sirri marriage (wife) and children legally is actually having an impact for husbands, wives and children, both in terms of positive or negative side, its just not comparable to the positive side of negative impact and judging from the many cases, the negative side more experienced women (wives) and children than those experienced by husbands. Keywords:  sirri marriage, impact, woman (wife), children
PERAN BANK INDONESIA DALAM PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA PERBANKAN
Authors: Budiyono Budiyono
Published: December 2016

Management activity in banking area Indonesia have strategic role to support national development execution. Referring to the mentioned, hence in face of national economy growth which is complex progressively and also financial system which progressively go forward, to be needed by adjustment of policy in economic area is including banking sector, adjustment needed in line with international banking norm growth. Law which have been invited in the Act No. 7, 1992 as have been altered and added with Act No. 10, 1998 about Banking, related to problem of doing an injustice to banking, this law is expected can close over lacking of found on previous law. Keyword :  banking crime, role, white collar crime
PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP ORANG-ORANG DALAM DAERAH KONFLIK BERSENJATA MENURUT HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Adwani Adwani
Published: December 2016

Persons that involved in an armed conflict are protected by law which regulated in Article 13 of Geneva Convention 1949. There are some persons who receive protection such as combatants, militia and levee en maase and civilians as a matter of law, however, the protection itself has not been fully implemented. This article aims to discuss persons who receive protection whether the persons involve in an armed conflict or not. In principle, persons who involve in an armed conflict must protect the combatants who took direct participation when the combatants are wounded and hostile. However, the protection are not implemented accordingly since they often receive violence attacks. Furthermore, civilians often became victim of attack that classified as inhuman treatment.   Keywords: Protected, proctected persons, armed conflict
REFORMASI SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA DALAM RANGKA PENANGGULANGAN MAFIA PERADILAN
Authors: Widodo J. Pajar
Published: December 2016

The purpose of reformation criminal justice system is to strengthen the principle of independence and impartiality criminal justice. Strengthening of independence principle and impartiality criminal justice is done in the process of constitutional amendment and legislation. The reformation of the criminal justice system includes the substance of the law of one roof system design of judicial power that culminated in the Supreme Court. The strengthening of the principle of independence and impartiality criminal justice is to overcome judicial mafia practice that equipped by law reformation culture to uphold the value system, which are values and principles due process of law. Keyword: Judicial reform, independence, judicial mafia
PERADILAN BERBASIS HARMONI DALAM DALAM GUYUB BUDAYA LAMAHOLOT - FLORES
Authors: KopongMedan Karolus
Published: December 2016

This study tried to offer a new theoretic perspective about settlement form of criminal case. Through law anthropolgy study by using etnography approach and hermeneutic analysis method, this study more strengthen the faith that the final goal of every court process is not only to determine who is wrong and who is right, but also to find out the justice and the truth. But, additionally judicial process has to make a harmony or rebuild a social relation among the victims of conflict.  Even, a social harmony that was built is managed generally as individual, and collective context, and as also vertically to the Almighty God. The judicial orientation with rich philosophy of harmony can be applied to social sphere, because actually the harmony value is everybody’s dream in the world.                                         Key words:  judicial, criminal, harmony, adat tradition, Lamaholot society.
KRITIK IDEOLOGIS TERHADAP DASAR KEFILSAFATAN ASAS LEGALITAS DALAM HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Yuherawan DeniSB
Published: December 2016

The essence of legality principle is “None is punishable for doing something unless it is forbidden by law established prior to the action”. Consequently, actor of wrongdoing will not be criminally prosecuted unless penal statutes prohibit what he or she has done. The purpose of this article is to criticize the basic philosophy of legality principle. The point of departure of the critique is ontological basis of legality principle; subsequently, it goes to axiological basis of the principle. By ideological critique, it is to open up to view and at the same time criticize the basic substance and value of legality principle. In addition, this article also reexamines the legality principle. It is found that from both ontological and axiological bases, legality principle has shortcoming in that it relies upon statute rather than the substance of the conduct that may harm another. This article recommends that another more comprehensive principle be introduced, in which ‘any crime should be punished if it contradicts criminal law’ or nullum crimen (delictum) nulla poena sine prǽvia iure poenali (No offense, no punishment without criminal law previously exists).  Key words: Ideological Critique, ontological and axiological bases, and sine prǽvia iure
PENGAWASAN HAKIM KONSTITUSI DALAM SISTEM PENGAWASAN HAKIM MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NEGARA RI 1945
Authors: TriwulanTutik Titik
Published: December 2016

This research is normative legal research. The objective of this research is firstly to clarify whether the essence of constitutional court’s judges is not included in the term of judge in the 1945 constitution and Law number 24 2003 on judicial commission. Secondly, to know how model designs of controlling judges of constitutional court are after the issuance of Constitutional court’s decision Number 005/PUU-IV/2006. The conclusion of research are the judges of constitutional court are regular judges bound to all judge regulations in Indonesia, because Indonesian constitution does not recognize different typologies of judges, the note of PAH I BP MPR that formulated amendment of the 1945 constitution the discussion surrounding the typologies of judges never took place; and the legal scholars, generally tend to generalize judges to include judges of constitutional courts. The control of constitutional court necessary to adopt integrated control system, that is internal control is done by Constitutional Court and external supervision mechanism conducted by external independent department, it is Judicial Commission.Based on those findings, in implementing an integrated supervision mechanism of Constitutional Court’s Judges an amendment to the 1945 Constitution is recommended and revising the Law number 22 of 2004 on Judicial Commission and law number 24 of 2003 on Constitutional Court is urgently needed. Key words:    control on justice of Constitutional Court, the system of judge control, an integrated supervision mechanism
SURAT WASIAT SEBAGAI PENGHINDAR CAMPURTANGAN PEMERINTAH DI AMERIKA SERIKAT BAGAIAN SELATAN
Authors: Hariyanti Tatit
Published: December 2016

Southerners are famous for their exaltation  of their honor and the sanctity of  their private property. Any obstacles in  the ownership and the management of their private property will be regarded as a form of interference and will be eliminated or at least minimalized.   Intestacy laws  and death taxes are regarded as  the government’ s interference. Intestacy laws are applied when there is no valid last will and testament. The taxes  will be high or low depending of  the smartness in utilizing the offered deduction through last will and testament.  Key words:    sanctity of private property, honor, intestacy laws, taxes, interference, last will and testament.
OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN: SISTEM BARU DALAM PENGATURAN DAN PENGAWASAN SEKTOR JASA KEUANGAN
Authors: Lestari HestyD
Published: December 2016

A new institution has been created by Act Number 21 of 2011 regarding the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK). The new institution, also named OJK, has the function of conducting an integrated regulatory and supervisory sistem for the whole activities in the financial services industry. It takes over the function of the Bank of Indonesia in banking supervision and the function of the Capital Market and Financial Institution Supervisory Agency in supervising capital market, insurance, pension fund, and other financial services. OJK is responsible for maintaining the stability of the Indonesian financial system. Key words: FSA, financial system, banking supervision
RELEVANSI HUKUMAN CAMBUK SEBAGAI SALAH SATU BENTUK PEMIDANAAN DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Ablisar Madiasa
Published: December 2016

The use of Islamic law as the material for criminal law reformation is one of the main charac-teristics of Pancasila law state which guarantees the freedom of religion. The existing applicable law should be consistent with the Indonesian society legal ideals, the values of Islamic law must be reflected in the national law as the materialization of legal ideals. Canings is one of the punishment types prescribed in the Qur’an and Sunnah. Article 2 of RKUHP contains material legality principle approves the existing law in the community/society or adat criminal law in order to respect the di-versities/ plurality law in Indonesia. Accordingly, the regulation of criminal act and criminal sanc-tion are mandated to the development of jurisprudence and regional regulation.Keywords: Canings, criminal law reform, Islamic law
KONSEKUENSI NEGARA INDONESIA MENJADI ANGGOTA ICC (STUDI TENTANG MEKANISME PENEGAKAN HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL)
Authors: Ismail Isplancius
Published: December 2016

International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is a set of rules which is based on the 1949 Geneva Law and Hague Law in 1907 and equipped with Additional Protocols I and II of 1977. IHL seeks to provide protection to the victims of war and civilians in armed conflict (law of Geneva 1949) and what methods and tools that may be used in war (Hague Law 1907). The parties involved in armed conflict must respect the principles of limitation, proportionality and distinction. Violations of international humanitarian law called war criminals must be prosecuted as crimes against human rights. Enforcement of international humanitarian law carried out through the mechanism according to the 1949 Geneva Law, by temporary or ad hoc Court, and by the International Criminal Court (ICC). The method used in this research is normative qualitative approach by taking secondary data as a source of information. The results indicate that the consequences of Indonesia as a state to be a member of ICC are having the synergy process national law with Rome Statute covering criminal law, criminal procedural law, extradition, human rights court and the law of human rights itself. The final goals of the synergy are to make Rome Statuta as a follow up system of national judicial, to avoid conflict between ICC and the law of Indonesia, and to make internal law procedure for Indonesia when ICC jurisdiction is active in Indonesia Key words:  humanitarian law, war criminal, court jurisdiction
PROBLEMATIKA PENERAPAN ASAS RECKLESSNESS DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM LALU LINTAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: As'adi Edi
Published: December 2016

Recklessness is one of the causes of traffic accidents. However, Law No. 22 of 2009 has not implicitly set the application of the principle of recklessness. So in field settings is still referring to the 359 of the Criminal Code, Article 360 of the Criminal Code and Article 492 of the Criminal Code, and even for difficult cases and found no law in the traffic law, judges apply article 338 of the Criminal Code with the principle of dolus eventualis consideration to fill the legal vacuum which are not in traffic law. Based in the future it is necessary reformulation of the principle of Recklessness in traffic law reform based on social justice values of Pancasila. Key words: legal, reckless, renewal, traffic.
TANGGUNGJAWAB BLU TRANSJAKARTA TERHADAP PIHAK KETIGA DALAM HAL TERJADI KECELAKAAN MENURUT UU NO. 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
Authors: Gultom Elfrida R
Published: December 2016

The objective of Busway development is to provide transportation services faster, safer, comfortable, and affordable for people in Jakarta. Ticket prices are subsidized by the local government busway. Busway given special line, however could not be separated from the accident. In a carriage, in the event of an accident then apply provisions of Law No. 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation. If there is a loss that hit the third party then setting responsibilities Public Service Agency TransJakarta Busway to third parties refer to the provisions of Article 194 paragraph (1) which determines that the public transport companies are not responsible for any losses suffered by third parties, unless the third party may prove that the loss is caused by the fault of public transport company. Under these provisions, if the third party wants to sue for damages, ketigalah party must prove the fault of the carrier, the claim is based on the basis of tort or on the basis of error set forth in Article 1365 of the Civil Code which stipulates that any action unlawfully harming others, require the person who carries the loss offset. Keywords: transport, the responsibility of the carrier, a third party, transport law
RELEVANSI HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL DENGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA GENERASI KEDUA
Authors: Supasti Ni Ketut
Published: December 2016

It is likely not easy to categorize IPR as human right. Based on the human right test and positivism approach, can be categorized into three schemes. : First, IPR is not human rights but it is under purely the dimension of law.  Second, some aspects of IPR have potential conflict with human rights. Third, IPR is human rights by emphasizing property rights and individual rights. The relevancy between IPR and the second generation of human rights can be considered based on Article 27.2 UDHR, Article 15 ICESCR and it General Comment No. 17 that  emphases the recognition and protection of art and literary works.  Key words: human right, IPR, relevancy, second generation
CRITICAL STUDY TO THE ENFORCEABILITY OF PASSIVE NATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN INDONESIA CRIMINAL CODE
Authors: . Ridwan
Published: December 2016

Criminal law is law formulation to protect society and to establish society welfare as its address.  Protection was, according criminal law, naturally as a concept of Human Rights protection. Based on those, therefore criminal law was implemented certainty, equality and expediency principle. But then, those law principles or basic values, seem difficult to improve by Indonesian citizen abroad, specifically Indonesian workers facing the law. Yet, according to limited-National Passive Principle in specific interest, and not including all Indonesian citizens abroad. It will cause unbalancing doelmatigheid ND rechtsmatigheid Principles not improving.  Keywords: Principle, Protection, Concept.
RECONSTRUCTION OF WOMEN’S REPRESENTATION ACT: EXPECTATIONS DAN CHALLENGES
Authors: Abao Antonia Sasap , Rahmaniah Syarifah Ema , . Chainar
Published: December 2016

This research aims to map the level of women’s representation in West Kalimantan Provincial level of parliament after the enactment of the law of women's representation. This research is a descriptive framework that was developed to reconstruct the law of gender-equitable in efforts to make the integrity election. Although the number of women who occupied the seats of West Kalimantan provincial level of parliament increased to 6 seats of the 65 seats in the 2014 election, or about 9.23%. However, the increased representation of women in parliament can not significantly be able to gives influence in the political process and existing legislation, especially to make a change in a more strategic role and gender perspective. Keywords: The representation of women, election integrity, affirmative action
REFORMATION OF THE STRUCTURE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LAW IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE TRANSBOUNDARY INFECTIOUS DISEASES MANAGEMENT
Authors: Tjitrawati Aktieva Tri
Published: December 2016

The structure of international health law is currently composed under the philosofical basis of segregate and dichotomous international community. This structure affects the handling and management of TID, which is currently much harm the interests of developing countries as the emerging of multinational pharmaceutical companies. This study aimed to understand and analyse the existing system and structure of international health law (lex lata) to be used as a basis in an effort to design an ideal structure of international health law system.Keywords:international health, reform, structure of law.Key words: International health, reformation, legal structure.
GOOD INTENTION ON ELECTRONIC CONTRACT THROUGH E-COMMERCE
Authors: Purwadi Ari
Published: December 2016

Electronic contract (e-contract) is a contract that vulnerable to the emersion of problems because the contract happened between absence persons. This problem can be avoided if businessman who included in the electronic commerce using principle of good intention. According to the Information and Electronic Transactions Act declare that good intention shall be given during the transaction taking place, it must be interpreted both in the pre-transaction stage, transaction stage, and post-transaction phase. Thus, in order to protect consumer, it's good intention should be exist in every phase of consumer transaction. Keywords: Electronic Contract, Good Intention, Consumer Transaction.
HOSPITAL SUPERVISORY BOARD ROLE IN MEDICAL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN HOSPITAL (ANALYSIS TOWARD MECHANISM AND NORMATIVE OBSTACLES)
Authors: Alawiya Nayla , Yuliantiningsih Aryuni , Puspita Sari Dessi Perdani Yuris
Published: December 2016

Health services are not always able to deliver the results expected by the patient or the patient's family. The gap often makes the dissatisfaction that arises medical disputes, including disputes in the hospital. Law No. 44 of 2009 on the Hospital Board of Supervisors ordered the establishment of the Hospital that one role is to resolve disputes hospital. But government regulation of the Hospital Board of Supervisors recently issued in August 2013, and setting the Hospitals Act does not mention the prior regulations promulgated which raises normative barriers. The method used is normative. Results of this study is that the Supervisory Board has the task Central Hospital preparing procedures for handling complaints and mediation, while receiving the complaint and make efforts to resolve the dispute by way of mediation is the Supervisory Board Provincial Hospital. Hospital Board of Supervisors province can not perform tasks because the procedures for complaints and mediation has not been established by the Board of Supervisors Hospital Center. Law No. 44 Year 2009 has a setting that is not in sync with Act No. 39 of 2009 and Law No. 29 of 2004.Keywords: Supervisory Board Hospitals, normative barriers, dispute resolution, hospitals
LEGAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM AS THE BASIS OF A SETTINGS FOR RELIGIOUS LIFE IN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Fidiyani Rini , . Baidowi
Published: December 2016

The constitution guarantees freedom of religious life in Indonesia. This guarantee is becoming a myth that is caused by the inability of the state or its agents in fulfilling the promises of its constitution. Religious life in Central Java that seems comfortable but it seems to keep fire. This study is a qualitative research with anthropology, ethnography and law approach. The results shows that the religious conflicts that occurred in Central Java, is because the inappropiate view of the religious exclusivism and the decreasing local wisdom in daily life. Though Central Java have local wisdom which can be used as material development of laws in conflict resolution. But there is a juridical obstacles in its development, because of the unsynchron between the law relating to local authorities in making policy of inter-religious conflict resolution. Therefore, the development of laws based on local wisdom can be done if the juridical obstacles is overcome first.Keywords: freedom of religion, local wisdom, exclusivism, inclusivism, juridical obstacles, social conflict.
3D Printing of Cytocompatible Water-Based Light-Cured Polyurethane with Hyaluronic Acid for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Shie Ming-You , Chang Wen-Ching , Wei Li-Ju , Huang Yu-Hsin , Chen Chien-Han , Chen Yi-Wen , Shen Yu-Fang
Published: December 2016

Diseases in articular cartilages have affected millions of people globally. Although the biochemical and cellular composition of articular cartilages is relatively simple, there is the limitation in self-repair ability of cartilage. Therefore, developing the strategies for cartilage repair is very important. Here, we reported a new manufacturing process of water-based polyurethane based photosensitive materials with hyaluronic acid and applied the materials for 3D printed customized cartilage scaffolds. The scaffold has high cytocompatibility and is one that closely mimics the mechanical properties of articular cartilages. It is suitable for culturing human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) and the cells showed an excellent chondrogenic differentiation capacity. We consider that the 3D printing hybrid scaffolds may have potential in customized tissue engineering and facilitate the development of cartilage tissue engineering.
Vocal Cord Paresis After Posterior Spinal Fusion to Treat Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Rao Rameshwar R. , Ha Jennifer , Farley Frances A. , Koopmann Charles F. , Caird Michelle S.
Published: December 2016

Case:

A 15-year-old girl with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with a 50° curve underwent posterior spinal fusion from T3 to T11. After discharge from the hospital, the patient reported dysphonia and dysphagia. Flexible nasendoscopy confirmed left vocal cord paresis. Stretch injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve from the left T5 pedicle screw or intubation may have caused the vocal cord paresis. The pedicle screw was removed during revision surgery. Postsurgically, the patient demonstrated immediate and ultimately full recovery and no longer had any symptoms.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, this is the first case report of vocal cord paresis most likely caused by pedicle screw position after posterior spinal fusion.
Lateral Clavicle Fracture Fixation Using a Superiorly Placed Locking Plate
Authors: Ieong Edmund , Ferran Nicholas Antonio
Published: December 2016

Clavicle fractures are common injuries that account for 4% of all fractures, and approximately 21% of clavicle fractures are lateral. Studies have demonstrated that displaced lateral clavicle fractures with disruption of the coracoclavicular ligaments have nonunion rates as high as 28%. Many surgical techniques for fixation of lateral-end clavicle fractures have been proposed. More recently, locking plate technology has led to the development of superiorly placed locking plates, which are used when the distal fragment is large enough and which offer greater biomechanical stability in osteoporotic or metaphyseal bone. Our surgical technique for use of a compression plate for an unstable and displaced lateral clavicle fracture consists of the following steps. Step 1: identification of the fracture pattern and surgical planning. Step 2: setup of the operating room with the image intensifier in an optimum position for satisfactory intraoperative images. Step 3: approach, through a bra-strap incision centered over the fracture. Step 4: reduction of the fracture and temporary stabilization. Step 5: implant selection based on sizing and patient anatomy. Step 6: application of the plate of choice and fixation with a combination of proximal bicortical screws and distal locking screws. Step 7: closure in layers and application of postoperative slings and dressings. Patients follow a graduated physiotherapy regimen postoperatively. Studies have demonstrated high union rates following lateral clavicle fracture fixation with good-to-excellent functional outcomes and a combined complication rate of approximately 6%.
Multidisciplinary Research and Extension Team Evolution: Processes, Outcomes, and Strategies
Authors: Redfearn Daren , Parsons Jay , Drewnoski Mary
Published: December 2016

Core Ideas

Decision makers in production agriculture synthesize information from multiple disciplines.

Research and extension institutions mainly deliver information from a primary discipline perspective to decision makers.

Government and academia recognize the importance of multidisciplinary research and extension teams.

Developing successful multidisciplinary research and extension teams is challenging.

There are no proven metrics yet to measure goal achievement or models that support growth.

Team‐based research is not an innovative concept; however, the current models of team research are based principally on self‐formed teams with a defined duration. Current trends seem to point toward the development of administratively designed multidisciplinary teams. Although this seems logical, minimal guidelines exist to aid in team development or evaluate team outcomes. Critical processes in a team‐based research atmosphere have not been identified, much less described, and strategies for successful implementation have not been proposed. The strength of this approach can be summarized as a unified focus during the course of problem definition and solution. Many trade‐offs and obstacles are apparent with a broad‐based focus. Chief obstacles and barriers include sustaining the balance between remaining small in size and focused on a problem while fitting into the departmental culture. Internal administrative support is mandatory for building a successful multidisciplinary research team. The required interdependence of multidisciplinary team research requires administrators, as well as peers, to recognize the positive value of each contribution.
Spotted Wilt in Peanut as Impacted by Genotype Resistance, Planting Date, and Plant Population
Authors: McKinney Justin L. , Tillman Barry L.
Published: December 2016

Spotted wilt disease of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), has impacted peanut production for growers in the southeastern United States since the mid‐1990s. No single intervention can manage the disease sufficiently, but when used together, planting date, plant population, and cultivar selection can minimize risk of losses. The effects of planting date, plant population, and cultivar on spotted wilt were assessed in a field experiment over three consecutive years (2010–2012) near Marianna, FL. Evaluation included three visual measures of disease symptoms (rating scale 1–10, disease intensity rating 0–30, and testa symptomology), two measures of stand counts (emerged plants and tap root counts), and immunological assessment of the presence of TSWV in root crowns, pod yield, and grade. There was no effect of planting date on spotted wilt symptoms on foliage, on the testa, or on TSWV infection. Foliar symptoms of spotted wilt were found in all peanut cultivars, with ‘Georgia Green’ displaying more symptoms than the other three cultivars and ‘UFT‐312’ less than other cultivars. Immunological results found 10% or fewer plants of ‘Florida EPTM ‘113’’ and UFT‐312 infected with TSWV compared with 44% for ‘Florida‐07’ and 67% for Georgia Green. Immunological results showed that TSWV is present in about 50% of the plants of the moderately resistant cultivars Georgia Green and Florida‐07, which represent those commonly grown in the southeastern United States. This may indicate high risk for disease loss in those cultivars compared with Florida EPTM ‘113’ and UFT‐312, which possess a different source of resistance and had ≤10% infected plants. The cultivars Florida EPTM ‘113’ and UFT‐312 display a superior level of resistance that may override other factors, such as planting date and plant population, in years with high disease pressure.
Evaluation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Populations’ Response to Salinity Stress
Authors: Cornacchione Mónica V. , Suarez Donald L.
Published: December 2016

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a moderately salt‐tolerant crop with high economic return and is therefore more suitable for production with lower quality water than most high‐value crops. This study was conducted to examine the effect of water composition types (Cl− or SO42−) of irrigation water and five salinity levels (electrical conductivity of irrigation water [ECiw] = 0.85, 8, 13, 18.3, and 24.5 dS m−1) on biomass production, salt tolerance, and ion concentration of 15 alfalfa populations. The plants were grown in a greenhouse in 60 sand tanks for 347 d under salt treatment. There was no significant effect of water composition type on shoot and root biomass production. Water composition type × EC and water composition type x population interactions were also not significant. Salinity impact was population dependent (EC × population: P < 0.05), except at ECiw 18.3 dS m−1. Across all populations, shoot biomass was significantly reduced with increasing salinity to 77, 50, and 27% of the control at 13, 18.3, and 24.5 dS m−1, respectively. The ‘SISA14’ and ‘SW 8421S’ populations were the most productive under saline conditions with the highest degree of salt tolerance. The results showed that alfalfa biomass response to salinity did not depend on the type of salts (Cl− or SO42−). Shoot Cl− also did not correlate with relative biomass response. Thus, Cl− ion toxicity does not appear to be a factor in alfalfa salt tolerance for these populations. Although there was a correlation between salt tolerance and shoot Na+, the shoot ion concentration provides only a partial explanation of the relative salt tolerance of the alfalfa populations.
Characterizing Small RNA Profiles in Allotetraploid Poa annua L. and its Diploid Parents
Authors: Mao Qing , Huff David R.
Published: December 2016

A role for small RNAs has been implicated for polyploid evolution. This study was designed to examine the small RNA profiles of Poa annua L. and its diploid parental species. Four profiles, Poa infirma Kunth., Poa supina Schrad., perennial‐type Poa annua, and annual‐type Poa annua, were analyzed using three biological replicates representing each profile, resulting in a total of 12 libraries, totaling 20,920,659 small (18–30 nucleotide) RNA sequences. Small RNA length distributions were compared between biological replicates within each profile, as well as between profiles. Both redundant and unique small RNA length distributions were similar among the four profiles (Cramer's V< 0.05 for overall profile comparison). A total of 121 conserved microRNAs belonging to 27 families were identified from the four profiles, and we did not observe specific patterns in expression levels of these microRNA families when comparing between these profiles. A total of 79 novel microRNAs were predicted using reference genomes from three model plant species. It was interesting to find that the perennial‐type and annual‐type Poa annua displayed very similar small RNA profiles, despite their morphological and life history differences. In addition, the small RNA profiles of tetraploid Poa annua were very similar to its diploid parental species as well. The incorporation of biological replicates in our study helped to increase our confidence in the results of our data analyses.
Physiological and Tolerance Indices Useful for Drought Tolerance Selection in Smooth Bromegrass
Authors: Saeidnia Fatemeh , Majidi Mohammad M. , Mirlohi Aghafakhr , Soltan Saba
Published: December 2016

In smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss), few efforts have been made to develop rapid and reliable physiological indices for selection of persistent and drought‐tolerant genotypes. In addition, the association of these indices with seasonal growth activity, such as summer dormancy and autumn recovery, has not been studied. In this research, 36 genotypes of smooth bromegrass were clonally propagated and evaluated under water stress and nonstress conditions during 2013 to 2014. Water stress greatly influenced physiological functions and persistence, which affect plant growth and biomass production. Among the 36 randomly selected genotypes from the progeny of 25 half‐sib polycross families of smooth bromegrass, high genotypic variation was observed for all measured traits. Leaf proline content was not correlated with drought tolerance and persistence. However, carotenoid content and water‐soluble carbohydrates were correlated with drought tolerance and can be suggested for indirect selection of drought‐tolerant genotypes. Three genotypes (G8IHA, G13HUN, and 32HUN) were found to be more drought tolerant than others based on stress tolerance index, higher dry matter yield, summer dormancy, and relatively higher persistence and autumn recovery.
RU’YAT AL-HILĀL DENGAN TEKNOLOGI : Telaah Pelaksanaan Ru’yat al-Hilāl di Baitul Hilal Teluk Kemang Malaysia
Authors: Pratama Dito Alif
Published: December 2016

Baitul Hilal Teluk Kemang which is located at coordinate latitude 2 ° 26 '44' in the North and longitude 101° 51'21' in the East, is one of the good record crescent sighting observation center in Malaysia. The result of the study is as follows, firstly, the method of crescent observation at Baitul Hilal seems quite effective since it is located in a strategic and suitable place for crescent observation activity. Baitul Hilal is also supported by some sophisticated technology such as telescope and DSLR camera operated by some crescent observers who are officially certified by the Malaysian government. Secondly, Baitul Hilal has contributed to crescent observation development in Malaysia. Baitul Hilal also provides with the astronomical data based on monthly crescent activity as an additional data for crescent researcher to analyze the imkᾱn al-rukyah criterion.
PENETAPAN ‘ADAM WALI NIKAH OLEH PEJABAT KUA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Rokhmadi Rokhmadi
Published: December 2016

This article is result of the study that describes the determination concept of adam wali nikah by officials of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Semarang, on marriage guardian of an ineligible woman, that because of the bride’s birth is less than six months from her parents’ marriage. Having determined adam marriage guardians’ status, then KUA establishes that the marriage guardian is delegated to KUA officials in each region of Semarang. As for the basis used by those who determine the delegation for the reason of deficient condition of marriage guardians for a female to the KUA is the use of the legal basis contained in adam marriage guardians’ determination in the letter of Director General Guidance and Pilgrimage Affairs Number: D/ED/PW.01/03/1992, in which its position is under the Marriage Legislation No. 1 of 1974 and the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI).
HAZAIRIN DAN PENGHAPUSAN PIDANA PENJARA PENDEK
Authors: Zakiyah Ninik
Published: December 2016

This writing describes Hazarin thought of the ineffectiveness of short imprisonment in Indonesia and the study of possibility replacement of short prison sentences with social penalties. Hazarin said that short imprisonment is ineffective to give deterrent effect, and may even lead to negative stigmas and consequences such as the prisoners will become more virulent after being released from prison, that make people reject the presence of ex-prisoners. Hazarin offers the concept of criminal work in the public interest without being paid in lieu of imprisonment. He also offers customary or Islamic law penalty to replace the short imprisonment as an alternative. Thus the replacement of the short sentence of imprisonment is in accordance with Islamic law and the first principle of Pancasila, the divinity of the God, the Almighty, who gives the human soul religious consciousness. Besides that, it is also in accordance with the fifth principle of Pancasila, the development of human awareness through moral education and justice for peace and justice social life. However, with the current conditions in Indonesia, the Hazainin thought doesn’t seem applicable.
Native, acidic pre-treated and composite clay efficiency for the adsorption of dicationic dye in aqueous medium
Authors: Ehsan Asma , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Iqbal Munawar , Noreen Saima
Published: December 2016

Environmental applications of composites have attracted the interests of researchers due to their excellent adsorption efficiency for pollutants. Native, HCl pre-treated clay and MnFe2O4/clay composite were investigated as an adsorbent for removal of methyl green from aqueous solution. The adsorption behaviors of dye onto native, HCl pre-treated and composite clays were studied as a function of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, initial dye concentration and temperature. Maximum dye adsorption of 44 mg/g was achieved at pH of 8, contact time 40 min, adsorbent dose 0.20 g/L and initial dye concentration of 125 mg/L using clay composite. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model best explained the methyl green dye adsorption onto clay adsorbents. Thermodynamic parameters revealed the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption nature of dye. From results, it is concluded that clay has potential for adsorbing methyl green and can be used for the removal of dyes from industrial effluents.
Sludge electrooxidation as pre-treatment for anaerobic digestion
Authors: Barrios J. A. , Duran U. , Cano A. , Cisneros-Ortiz M. , Hernández S.
Published: December 2016

Anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge is the preferred method for sludge treatment as it produces energy in the form of biogas as well as a stabilised product that may be land applied. Different pre-treatments have been proposed to solubilise organic matter and increase biogas production. Sludge electrooxidation with boron-doped diamond electrodes was used as pre-treatment for waste activated sludge (WAS) and its effect on physicochemical properties and biomethane potential (BMP) was evaluated. WAS with 2 and 3% total solids (TS) achieved 2.1 and 2.8% solubilisation, respectively, with higher solids requiring more energy. After pre-treatment, biodegradable chemical oxygen demand values were close to the maximum theoretical BMP, which makes sludge suitable for energy production. Anaerobic digestion reduced volatile solids (VS) by more than 30% in pre-treated sludge with a food to microorganism ratio of 0.15 g VSfed g−1 VSbiomass. Volatile fatty acids were lower than those for sludge without pre-treatment. Best pre-treatment conditions were 3% TS and 28.6 mA cm−2.
Strategies for achieving energy neutrality in biological nutrient removal systems – a case study of the Slupsk WWTP (northern Poland)
Authors: Zaborowska Ewa , Czerwionka Krzysztof , Makinia Jacek
Published: December 2016

The paper presents a model-based evaluation of technological upgrades on the energy and cost balance in a large biological nutrient removal (BNR) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The proposed upgrades include chemically enhanced primary sludge removal and reduction of the nitrogen load in the deammonification process employed for reject water treatment. Simulations enabled to estimate the increased biogas generation and decreased energy consumption for aeration. The proposed upgrades may lead the studied WWTP from the energy deficit to energy neutrality and positive cost balance, while still maintaining the required effluent standards for nitrogen. The operating cost balance depends on the type of applied coagulants/flocculants and specific costs of electric energy. The choice of the coagulant/flocculent was found as the main factor determining a positive cost balance.