bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vessel with an Irregular Ornament from the Volga Region as a Record of the Initial Concepts of Proto-Aryans about the Essence of the World and Human
Authors:   Institute of Archeology of Crimea, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kisly Oleksandr
Published: May 2022

The article provides a decoding of the ornamental composition (ornogram) on a Srubnaya vessel from the Trans-Volga region near Samara. According to the researcher, it reflects the very early systemic ideas of the proto-Aryans about birth-destruction-rebirth, which is associated with specific demographic events in the ancient community.
Tens, Hundreds, Thousands: On the Question of the Rationality of the Ancient Egyptian Burial Rites and Funerary Cult
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Malykh Svetlana
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the significant phenomena in the evolution of material part of the ancient Egyptian burial rites and funerary cult of the Old Kingdom (3rd millennium BC) — using of model substitutes of objects in various rituals in the necropolises of the Memphis region. Analysis of historical sources shows that the Egyptians, at the dawn of their dynastic history, came to the need to reduce the material costs for the afterlife sphere with the increasing complexity of the burial rites and funerary cult. Their complication progressed in parallel with their transition from the category of real actions to the category of symbolical ones. The more things the deceased needed for a prosperous existence in the afterlife, the more often these things were replaced by their symbols, which were supposed to turn into real ones in the other world with the help of various magical rituals. In course of time, the complex burial rites and funerary cult of the Egyptian nobility simplified, but the rational idea that quantity can replace quality and contribute to well-being in the afterlife remained and was embodied, in particular, in the multiplication of various symbols of apotropaic amulets.
Northern Periphery of the Circumpontian Metallurgical Province: Metal, Alloys, Technology
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzminykh Sergei , Degtyareva Anna ,   Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orlovskaya Lyubov ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

The article summarizes the results of metal research and metalworking of the Eneolithic cultures of the forest zone of Eastern Europe. In total, 897 products were recorded in the regions of the North-West, Volga-Oka, Kama-Vyatka, Ural-Kazakhstan, including 21 molds. A morphological and typological study of inventory was carried out, the vast majority of which comes from settlements (901); 7 ornaments were found in the burial grounds. The chemical composition of the metal was studied by the methods of spectral and X-ray fluorescence analysis (371 items). Manufacturing technology was studied by methods of metallographic analysis (92 items). In the Forest Eneolithic, metallurgically “pure” copper was used with a slight admixture of other elements. It corresponds mainly to the chemical group MP (copper sandstones of the Urals). Archaeological and analytical data testify to the functioning of the Garino center of metallurgy and the Volosovo center of metalworking in the Volga-Kama region, which are relatively thin compared to the centers of the Circumpontian metallurgical province. Metalworking of the Eneolithic cultures of the Volga-Urals developed under the influence of the traditions of the Cis-Ural pit and Middle Volga Balanovo-Fatyanovo and Abashevo hearths. The initial impulses for the formation of metalworking in the post-Neolithic cultures of the northern forest-steppe and the south of the forest zone could come from the centers of the Khvalynsk Eneolithic culture.
Hoard of Fragmented Artifacts from the Late Bronze Age near Răzeni Village
Authors:   National Museum of History of Moldova, Topal Denis , Sîrbu Mariana ,   National Museum of History of Moldova
Published: May 2022

In 2020, the National Museum of the History of Moldova received a hoard of bronze items, presumably found in a forest near the Răzeni village, Ialoveni district of the Republic of Moldova. The main feature of the Răzeni hoard is the deliberate fragmentation of all items, without exception, by hand, without the help of special tools. Judging by the characteristics of the fragments, it is unlikely that the task of the master was to obtain fragments of a certain mass or size. Therefore, if we exclude the pragmatic interpretation of the Răzeni hoard (as a collection of bronze scrap), we can assume that we are dealing with some kind of social practice of deliberate fragmentation, “mortification” of the object, followed by hiding in the ground. Taking into account the composition of the hoard, the presence of a sickle of the Heleşteni type, a significant number of fragments of sickles of the Ghermăneşti and Ruginoasa variants, characteristic of the early Noua, the most probable intervals for collecting hoard items seem to be the BrD period. At the same time, the presence in the hoard of sickles of the Ilişeni variant, as well as a socketed axe of the Middle Danubian type, the upper date can be raised to HaA1, which is not contradicted by the presence of a sickle, presumably of the Dičevo type of the late BrD — the early HaA1. Apparently, it is this dating that is the most probable for the time of fragmentation of the items and their further deposition.
Las beneficiarias de pensiones SOVI pueden causar prestaciones en favor de familiares.
Authors: Rivas Vallejo Pilar
Published: May 2022

Pueden ser sujetos causantes de las prestaciones por muerte y supervivencia también los beneficiarios de pensiones SOVI: su carácter contributivo y su feminización exigen el reconocimiento del derecho a tales beneficiarios, desde la perspectiva de género que debe guiar la interpretación de la norma, pues lo contrario conduciría a una discriminación indirecta por razón de género, considerando que la mayoría de los beneficiarios de las pensiones SOVI son mujeres.

The beneficiaries of SOVI pensions may also to give rise to the survival benefits: their contributory character and their feminization require the recognition of the right to such beneficiaries, from the gender perspective that should guide the interpretation of the norm, as otherwise it would lead to indirect gender discrimination, considering that the majority of SOVI pension beneficiaries are women.
Efectos de la sentencia de absolución en caso de concurrencia de dos o más responsables solidarios
Authors: García Murcia Joaquín
Published: May 2022

Ante la condena solidaria de varias empresas por apreciarse grupo empresarial, no todas recurren. El recurso de suplicación constata la inexistencia de grupo de empresas. El éxito del recurso debe aprovechar al resto de los condenados solidariamente, a excepción de la empresa empleadora del trabajador en la fecha del despido. Resulta indiferente que los otros condenados no hubieran recurrido.

Given the condemnation in solidum of several companies for appreciating a group of companies, not all appeal. The decision of appeal confirms the absence of a group of companies. The success of the appeal must take advantage for the rest of those convicted jointly and severally, with the exception of the employer of the worker on the date of dismissal. It is indifferent that the other convicts had not appealed.
Validez del diagnóstico previo a la negociación del plan de igualdad tras la reforma por el RD-ley 6/2019
Authors: Rivas Vallejo Pilar
Published: May 2022

Es válido el diagnóstico previo a la negociación del plan de igualdad cuando se realizó con anterioridad a la reforma operada por RD-ley 6/2019, por el que se modifica el art. 46.2 de la LO 3/2007, cuya entrada en vigor no exige retroacción de la fase de diagnóstico ni tampoco la invalida, salvo que tampoco se ajustara a la legalidad vigente en el momento de su realización, conforme al principio tempus regit actum.

The diagnosis prior to the negotiation of the equality plan is valid when made prior to the reform operated by RD-law 6/2019, by which art. 46.2 of the LO 3/2007, whose entry into force does not require feedback from the diagnostic phase nor does it invalidate it (principle tempus regit actum), unless diagnosis does not comply with the legislation in force at the time it was carried out.
Solicitud de un certificado de antecedentes penales a los trabajadores de nuevo ingreso y tratamiento de datos de carácter personal.
Authors: Areta Martinez María
Published: May 2022

Las empresas de seguridad privada no están facultadas para requerir a los trabajadores de nuevo ingreso (vigilantes de seguridad) un certificado negativo de antecedentes penales ni una declaración jurada de ausencia de antecedentes penales. Las empresas de seguridad privada solicitarán la tarjeta de identificación profesional expedida por el Ministerio del Interior para comprobar que su titular cuenta con la preceptiva habilitación administrativa para trabajar como personal de seguridad privada por reunir los requisitos legalmente establecidos, entre los que figura la carencia de antecedentes penales.

D'une part, toute personne doit détenir une carte professionnelle valide afin d'exercer l'une des activités en sécurité privée. D'autre part, toute entreprise de sécurité privée n'embauchera que des salariés qui en soient titulaires. La délivrance de la carte professionnelle répond aux conditions exigées par la loi pour exercer l'activité d'agent de sécurité privé, comme par exemple ne pas avoir fait l'objet d'une condamnation définitive à une peine criminelle pour une infraction intentionnelle. L'entreprise de sécurité privée ne peut pas demander aux employés de produire l'extrait de leur casier judiciaire parce que les vérifications sont assurées par l'autorité habilitée. Autrement dit, la carte professionnelle délivrée par le Ministère de l'Intérieur est en soi même suffisante pour s'assurer que l'employé remplit toutes les conditions du poste établies par la loi, dont l'absence de casier judiciarie.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Cabin Crew Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Garuda Indonesia
Authors: Auliyya Mujahidin Faruq As-syafiqi  , Irwina Meilani
Published: May 2022

Corona Virus or Covid-19 is a group of viruses that can infect the human respiratory system and its transmission is so fast, air transportation activities are very impactful with the presence of this virus. Quality of service is one of the strategies to attract consumers and has a very important role in meeting customer satisfaction. In a pandemic like today, airlines must pay more attention to services, especially in aircraft cabins so that passengers feel comfortable, safe, and clean. This research uses quantitative methods with primary data as well as secondary data. Quantitative research methods can be interpreted as research methods based on the philosophy of positivism, used to research on a particular population or sample. Based on the results of the study obtained the results of hypothesis testing using simple linear regression analysis in the SPSS 15.0 program. The significance value (Sig.) is 0.000 and the calculated T value is 9.525. Because of sig. 0.000 < 0.05 and the value of T calculates 9.5 25 > 1,966 T table, then in accordance with the basis of decision making in the T Test it can be concluded that Ho was rejected and Ha accepted which means that there is an influence between variable x on variable y or in other words The quality of cabin crew service affects grauda Indonesia Airline Customer Satisfaction at Adi Soemarmo International Airport.
Analisis Perbedaan Return Saham, Trading Volume Activity Dan Bid-Ask Spread Sebelum Dan Sesudah Stock Split
Authors: Fajar Irvangi  , Hani Fitria Rahmani
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the differences in stock returns, trading volume activity and bid-ask spreads before and after the stock split in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2021. The population in this study were all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that carried out a stock split during the period 2017-2021. Sampling using purposive sampling method, based on predetermined criteria obtained a sample of 30 companies. The method used is a different test analysis with an observation period of 10 days and 20 days, namely t = -5 (5 days before the stock split), t = +5 (5 days after the stock split), t = -10 (10 days before the stock split). split) and t = +10 (10 days after stock split). Hypothesis testing was carried out with the Paired Sample T-Test for data that was normally distributed and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for data that were not normally distributed. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there were no differences in stock returns before and after the stock split, there were differences in trading volume activity before and after the stock split, and there were differences in bid-ask spreads before and after the stock split.
Becoming a Non-Other. Emigrant Narratives as an Integration Strategy
Authors: Vargolomova Diana
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Constructing a reality out of language has been a recurrent experience of humanity since the first creative usage of language. When a narrative practice is used as a self-reflection and self-construction in a non-fiction manner, the result is blending real-world events, situations, and places with a subjective worldview, and consequentially redefining one’s perception of these events, situations, and places (see for example Ricoeur 2009, Barton 2010, Linde 1993). It is interesting how telling a story of the self is used to reduce the subjective perception of otherness in conditions of recent immigration, a practice very well observed in Italian emigrant letters at the beginning of the XX s. (Franzina 1994). A contemporary case of such a practice are the emigrants’ online diaries in the form of blogs, Instagram stories, Facebook pages. Here we propose an example of how multimodal online narratives are used as a rite of passage from a condition of a subjective perception of otherness to a situation of becoming a less- other or even a non-other. For this ongoing research three Italian bloggers, living in the United States, are followed for 10 years in their experience of writing and videoblogging through blog platforms, Instagram, and Facebook. Keywords: emigration, multimodality, digital narratives, blogs, egodocuments, identity.
Who is the Other?
Authors: Giorgis Paola
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In this contribution I discuss how the (re)production of Otherness can be problematised presenting two practical examples. The first considers the encounter of Otherness from the perspective of another language: by shuffling individual and collective representations, such an experience reveals how Otherness is a relative and situated construct determined by asymmetrical power relations. Drawing from my long practice as a foreign language teacher, I briefly present an activity that I developed in a multicultural high school in Italy in an urban context to show how the construction of Otherness can be problematised starting by challenging the usual perspective from which we look at ourselves. The second example discusses the international project of the online dictionary In Other Words. A Contextualized Dictionary to Problematize Otherness (www.iowdictionary.org) that analyses, problematises and subverts discriminating language through the critical and creative analysis of keywords by using pieces of literature, works of art, cartoons, videos, as well as by deconstructing derogatory visual and rhetorical strategies. The actual practices here presented as examples are grounded in several theoretical and critical perspectives, further evidence that practices and theories are not separate entities, but they rather nurture each other since it is precisely the dialogue between thought and action that shapes human experience, fostering awareness and responsibility for our common world (Arendt 1958/1998). [1] Keywords: otherness, another language, discriminating language, stereotypes, asymmetrical power relations, visual and rhetorical strategies.
Modernity and Otherness: Based on Works of Bulgarian and Korean Literature
Authors: Atanasova Ludmila
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The current study seeks to uncover the relationship between modernity and otherness and to explore how the processes of modernization are construed as processes of dealing with otherness in seminal literary works from Bulgaria and Korea. For countries such as these, modernity is associated with the necessity to import foreign (Western European) modes of social life, that causes societies to encounter all-encompassing otherness with which they need to deal over shorter periods of time. While regarding the societies that were under the direct colonial power of the West, modernization has been predominantly analysed in the context of postcolonial studies, modernisation processes in societies outside the colonial space have mainly been studied from the viewpoint of social development and desire for progress motivated from within the society. Inquiring into well-established theoretical explorations of modernity and otherness, the current study makes the point that the latter type of societies, to which Bulgaria and Korea belong, has not been spared from the influence of colonial discourse, which has become a reason for othering the traditional in relation to the modern in the process of modernization. The construction of the local and the traditional as otherness, or self-otherisation, is illustrated through the analysis of two works of literature from the period of modernization, that are fundamentally important in the literary canons of Bulgaria and Korea – Aleko Konstantinov’s “Bai Ganyo: Incredible Tales of a Modern Bulgarian” and Yi Kwangsu’s “Mujeong”. Key words: otherness, self-othering, modernity, modernization, Bulgarian literature, Korean literature, postcolonial theory.
IDENTIFICATION OF NEW POTENTIAL SARS-COV-2 PROTEINS INHIBITORS THROUGH VIRTUAL SCREENING AND MOLECULAR DOCKING SIMULATIONS
Authors: . Monika , Virk Navjot K
Published: May 2022

The pathogen Coronavirus is a member of the Orthocoronavirinae subfamily of the Coronaviridae family and the
Nidovirales order. Four structural proteins, in addition to viral RNA and Nsp1-16, are employed to speed up virus
replication within host cells. Antiviral drugs that target the S protein have recently been discovered, although the
technique of targeting the S protein has some limitations. The objective of the study was to test the potential inhibitors
for the use of novel agents against CoV-2 infection. In this, we conducted the virtual screening of various lead
compounds from three different databases i.e. SWEETLEAD, ZINC, and Selleckchem Antiviral compound library
against COVID-19 proteins Nsp 15 and Nsp 7 and 8 complex which act as receptors using two software like Molegro
Virtual Docker and PyRx. For this, a phytochemical library was constructed followed by ligand and target preparation.
The molecular docking and Virtual screening as well as ADMET characteristics were also analyzed. Our results revealed
twenty high-affinity lead compounds from 4,200 molecules out of which Danoprevir, Lanatoside C, and
Digoxin/ZINC242548690 can act as powerful inhibitors of Nsp 15 and Lanatoside C, Ledipasvir, and BMS-790052 for
Nsp 7 and 8 complex targets respectively.
SCREENING AND ISOLATION OF ASPARAGINASE PRODUCERS FROM SOIL SOURCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Sundarrajan Priya , Costa Joanna D , Ibrahim Geeta
Published: May 2022

Asparaginases have applications in the medical and food industry as part of an anticancer strategy and as a mechanism to reduce acrylamide content in food. Suspension of garden soil sample was plated on nutrient agar plate. Colonies were
picked and screened for asparaginase activity on minimal media. Cultures were selected based on qualitative/quantitative
assays. Culture characterization and identification was carried out with the help of microscopic and biochemical
techniques, checking culture growth parameters on varied pH and temperatures. Application of the crude enzyme
obtained from the asparaginase positive isolates was carried out by performing assays using a frozen ready-to-cook food
sample - potato smileys. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) of untreated and treated food samples was also performed
to determine the levels of asparagine in the samples.
Out of a total of 36 isolates, four were selected for the study; which were later identified as Pseudomonas putida. The
assays showed enzyme activity in all four cultures. Most of the isolates were found to grow at 37°C and pH of 7 and 10.
Effect of the enzyme on asparagine content in the potato smiley was also detected. Treated samples showed more
absorbance than the untreated sample. TLC method indicated that treated samples showed aspartic acid spots, thus
showing effect of the enzyme while untreated sample plate showed no asparagine spots suggesting that low amounts of
asparagine are present in the sample, or the raw potato used.
UNVEILING THE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE, SECONDARY METABOLITE QUANTIFICATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CLEMATIS WIGHTIANA WALL. EX WIGHT and ARN.
Authors: Pugalenthi M , Pradheeba M , Kumar S Vishnu , Vasukipriyadharshini G , Swathi S , Bharathi G Divya
Published: May 2022

Traditionally, the leaves of Clematis wightiana have been used in the treatment of rheumatism, indigestion, headaches, varicose veins, bone problems, nasal congestion and sinus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the
phytochemical profile, quantification of secondary metabolites and free radical scavenging capacity of C. wightiana leaf.
The total phenolic, tannin and flavanoid content of C. wightiana leaves were quantified and were found to be higher in the
ethyl acetate extract. Subsequently, the extracts were subjected to appraise their antioxidant capacity by availing various
in vitro antioxidant assays namely DPPH radical scavenging assay, ABTS assay, Phosphomolybedenum assay, Ferric
Reducing assay, Superoxide Radical Scavenging assay and Reducing power assay. The results of the antioxidant assays
revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of C. wightiana leaves possess better free radical scavenging activity than other
solvent extracts. Thus, the finding of the study elucidates the perception on phytochemical and bioactivity of C. wightiana
which could be used in development of phytotherapeutics to enchance human health.
Keywords: Clematis wightiana, Antioxidant, Superoxide radical scavenging, In vitro antioxidant assay, DPPH,
Ethnomedicine.
SEASONAL DYNAMIC IN ALGAL DIVERSITY AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF WETLAND IN GAROBADHA MEGHALAYA, INDIA
Authors: Hajong Pranita , Ramanujam Papiya
Published: May 2022

Wetland undergoes significant changes with changes in the season; it is a habitat for diverse form of microorganism and macrophytes. Therefore, the investigation of the algal diversity and primary productivity was very important. A total of 134 algal species was recorded spreading over 8 classes in Garobadha wetland. Bacillariophyceae, Cyanobacteria and Euglenophyceae were dominant groups and their species diversity was high during spring and monsoon seasons. The wetland was acidic in nature with low dissolved oxygen and high temperature. Many pollution tolerant species (Navicula radiosa, Nitzschia palea, Anabaena subcylindrica, Merismopedia glauca, Microcystis aeruginosa, Euglena acus, Trachelomonas volvocina and Phacus spp.) were recorded from this wetland. Primary productivity and chlorophyll ‘a’ was at peak during spring and minimum during monsoon season.
3-D PRINTING: A WAY AHEAD, REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, Vyas Dental College &, Soni Dushyant ,   Hospital (Jodhpur), Mehta Sheen , Assi Amrit , Pachuau Deborah
Published: May 2022

3D printing is a revolutionary concept based on additive process. It offers multifaceted applications for dentistry in general and prosthodontics in particular. A myriad of advantages like reproducibility, accuracy, customisation, and ability to create complex parts with ease in less time have provided improved patient treatment options and compliance. This article presents an overview on currently available technologies and their utilisation.
vB_EcoM_kmuOR AND vB_EcoM_kmuGH: TWO BROAD HOST RANGE COLIPHAGES EFFECTIVE AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 AND SHIGELLA FLEXNERI
Authors: Amirheidari Bagher , Satarzadeh Naghmeh , Rahimi-Sabagh-Kamalabadi Elahe , Kianpour Maryam , Amirpour-Rostami Sahar , Sabouri Salehe
Published: May 2022

E. coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen mostly related to consumption of meat and vegetables. Although using antibiotics is not recommended in treatment of infections caused by this pathogen, antibiotic resistant isolates are reported. This has encouraged researchers to find alternative methods to treat and effective approaches to prevent the E. coli O157:H7 infections. Phage therapy is one of the techniques with therapeutic and biocontrol applications. The aim of this study was to find effective phages capable of lysing this pathogen. Twenty samples were searched for phages against E. coli O157:H7. The host range of the isolated phages was determined. The phages with broader host range were selected for structural study. The stability in different temperature and pH values were also performed. Phages kmuOR and kmuGH could lyse two strain of E. coli O157:H7, some clinical non-O157 E. coli strains, and a strain of Shigella flexneri, another enteric pathogen. Transmission electronic micrograph revealed that both phages belong to Myoviridae family. The two phages were resistant to pH 3 to 9.5 and temperatures 4-50°C and able to prevent the growth of E. coli O157:H7 in LB medium. Further study can prove the suitability of these phages as biocontrol or phage therapy agents.
Towards Web Equality: Efforts on Web Accessibility for Persons with Cognitive Disability
Authors: Hortizuela Richard D.
Published: May 2022

With the fast-paced development of digital innovations, web technologies are on the rise. With this in mind, making the web accessible for all became an interesting line of research and development. Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them with minimal to no supervision. More specifically, people can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the web. Over the past years, there have been attempts to achieve web accessibility for web users with physical, visual, and sensory disabilities. However, people with cognitive disabilities were not seen as a user group, thus, leaving them far behind the target general population for improving web accessibility. This paper presents an overview of the current state of web accessibility for people with cognitive disabilities. This paper attempts to come up with a unified definition of web accessibility and identify its components. The study identified the common reasons for the non-conformity of web accessibility. Moreover, the different cognitive disabilities and their linked issues are presented. Furthermore, this study reviews the various interventions made by governments and private organizations worldwide. The study uncovered that web accessibility for people with cognitive disabilities hadn’t been a priority for research which resulted in non-conformities with the accessibility guidelines such as poor interface design, confusing guides and instructions, robustness, and lack of features to cater to the needs of people with cognitive disabilities. Results show that in each kind of cognitive disability, namely Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Intellectual Disability, Memory Impairments, Perceptual Disability, and Seizure Disorder, people experience various difficulties in accessing the web, specifically on processing too much content or information, confusing instructions, typographies, and grammar. Laws have been imposed on different Asian and Western countries to address these difficulties. In contrast, other countries and organizations have adopted the Web Accessibility Guidelines of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In conclusion, as organizations gear toward web equality, governments have the initiative to move towards the goal by implementing different laws and policies driving the WCAG 2.0 as a basis of these to orchestrate the design of websites effectively. Furthermore, this study calls for action for extensive research on web accessibility for cognitive disabilities as it is not only valuable to the vulnerable sector of society but also for the rest of the population.
Het initiatiefvoorstel Wet verantwoord en duurzaam internationaal ondernemen in internationale context
Authors: Schotel O.J.W. , Schepel J.M.
Published: May 2022

Het initiatiefvoorstel Wet verantwoord en duurzaam internationaal ondernemen in internationale context

Internationaal maatschappelijk ondernemen, in het bijzonder door corporate sustainability due diligence, staat hoog op de (internationale) agenda. In het voetspoor van enkele andere landen in Europa is in Nederland een voorstel gedaan voor een wettelijk raamwerk dat niet op specifieke hoogrisicosectoren van toepassing is, maar op een veel grotere groep ondernemingen. De auteurs plaatsen het Nederlandse wetsvoorstel in internationale context en bespreken de kritiek in de literatuur daarop.
Creating Space for World Englishes Perspectives in the ELT Classroom: Voices of High School Students in Japan
Authors:   University of British Columbia, Aoyama Ryosuke , Denton Lucas ,   University of Auckland
Published: May 2022

This paper reports on teacher research which explored the practicality and potential of World Englishes (WE)-informed pedagogy in the Japanese secondary education context. Based on qualitative data from written reflections and post-unit individual interviews with seven high school students in Japan, this paper presents students’ perceptions of the English language, their learning of it, and its use, detailing the impact the instructional unit had on these students. The data showed that the unit enabled the students to critically reflect on ideologies surrounding the English language, heightening their awareness of the multiplicity and complexity of its use and users. In addition, increased desire to learn about different Englishes and improved perceptions toward students’ own English were observed. The data also revealed an unexpected effect on one student’s perception toward English, implying that the instructional unit might have stressed the significance and power of English over other languages. Drawing from these findings, pedagogical implications as well as future directions for English language education are discussed.
Vocabulary Transfer from Reading to Writing: A Comparison of Essay Writing and Synchronous CMC
Authors:   Hanyang University, Kim Sung-Yeon , Kim Kyung-Sook ,   Hanyang University
Published: May 2022

Reading-integrated writing is known as an effective approach to teaching and learning vocabulary as it allows students to transfer vocabulary from a source text to writing. This study examines whether vocabulary transfer from an input text to writing varies according to the two types of tasks: essay writing and synchronous text chat. One hundred Korean college students from four “Reading and Writing” classes performed both tasks, and their vocabulary use was compared between the two tasks. The tokens and the types of words used in essay writing and chatting were compared against a base wordlist constructed from the input text, and their lexical profiles were analyzed using various programs, such as RANGE, VocabProfile, and WordSmith. The findings show that more varied words were transferred from the source text to the chat scripts than to the essays. While the lexical diversity was slightly greater in the chat scripts than in the essays, the difference was not statistically significant. Interestingly, the chat scripts exhibited the same level of lexical density (i.e., the ratio of content words to function words) as the essays. It can be inferred from the findings that the synchronous chat provides a valuable context for practicing target language, and that it is as useful as essay writing for promoting vocabulary transfer from reading to output production. In addition, the findings suggest that reading can become a beneficial source of language input that leads to output production.
Preservice Teachers’ Envisioning of ELT in the Post-Pandemic Era: An Exploratory Study of Korean EFL Teachers
Authors:   Sunchon National University, Park Eunjeong , Yi Youngjoo ,   The Ohio State University
Published: May 2022

Teachers' accountability has arisen to swiftly respond to changes in teaching and learning in the time of COVID-19. Many researchers and educators have responded to the inquiry for envisioning teacher education during the pandemic; however, there is a dearth of research on preservice teachers' envisioning of English language teaching (ELT). Drawing upon the sociocultural perspectives of teachers and teaching, therefore, this qualitative study provided a glimpse of EFL preservice teachers’ envisioning of ELT through their perceptions, experiences, and reflections regarding the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Thirty-five EFL preservice teachers in South Korea participated in this study. Data included interviews, observations, fieldnotes, and argumentative essays written by the participants. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The study revealed three major findings. First, the participants perceived and envisioned ELT with emphasis on human interactions, task-based teaching, individualization, and technology use. Second, the participants indicated that teachers should play a major role to ensure effective language teaching. Third, the participants stated that preservice teachers need to be well-prepared in teacher education for the post-COVID-19 era. These findings suggest that teacher education should consider the needs and prospects of preservice teachers in the uncertain circumstances of the post-pandemic era.
Principals’ Technology Leadership Behavior and Teachers’ Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Bhutan
Authors: Gyeltshen Lotey Gyeltshen
Published: May 2022

The classroom teaching and learning in the 21st century stress creativity and innovation. So, the use of information and communication technology (ICT) is seen as an important means to foster innovation. However, without genuine interest from teachers, it is difficult to integrate ICT in classroom instruction. Teachers are the engines that enhance the digitization of school teaching and learning process. However, the determination to implement ICT in the school curriculum and instructions lies in the hands of school leaders as rigorous use of ICT in teaching and learning could be effective if school principals provide required support. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between principals’ technology leadership behavior and teachers’ use of ICT in classroom teaching and learning in Bhutan. Data was gathered from 329 middle secondary school teachers through survey questionnaires. The study found that principals’ technology leadership behavior in Bhutan was at moderate levels with a positive relationship to teachers’ use of ICT. Likewise, statistical analysis revealed that two predictors of the principal’s technology leadership dimensions: support, management and operation; and productivity and professional practices were the best predictors of teachers’ use of ICT in the classroom.
The Role of the Sufi Centre Within the Muslim World
Authors: Cook Abu Bakr Sirajuddin
Published: May 2022

For Muslims generally, and Sufis in particular, the Sufi Centre is often the heart of a community across the Muslim world. Known variously as a zawiya, ribat, khanaqah, tekke, and dargah, the development of these institutions shows some historical diversity that has converged into a soteriologically significant place for individual development and congregational worship. In tracking the historical development of these institutions, this paper highlights how the once literal meanings have retained symbolic significance in referencing the functions of a Sufi Centre. There have been some scholarly attempts to make specific distinctions between these institutions. However, the convergence with regard to function and content has meant the differences are often indicative of location and/or cultural heritage, and the titles used to refer to a Sufi Centre have become almost equivalent.
Human Rights and Guilt by Association
Authors: Yucel Salih
Published: May 2022

Violating human rights, committing crimes, and mass killing due to guilt by association is as old as human beings. Most of the  genocides in human history are committed because of guilt by association. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is one of the most important steps regarding human rights, however, there is no article which explicitly bans committing crime and killing due to guilt by association. Although guilt by association is considered unlawful in modern day legal systems, it exists in all cultures, among adherents of religions and nations including Muslim countries. Despite the strong objection occurring within the Qur’an, violating human rights due to guilt by association, it has been common, in both the past and present, across the Muslim world. Disregarding such important moral principles has caused great injustice and barbarous acts in the world.  

   In this paper, I will analyse the word haqq, in its sense of meaning “right” in the sacred texts of Islam, focusing on its relation to guilt by association. Secondly, I will examine how the Qur’anic verse “No bearer of burdens can bear the burden of another“[1]bans guilt by association in the exegetical works. This is shown to take on particular significance within Said Nursi’s (1877-1960) renewal approach. Finally, this paper argues that guilt by association is causing great injustice, tyranny, and crime. This study proposes that it must be added to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and banned by the UN.

 

[1] Qur’an, 6:164, 35:18, 53:38
Shaykh Ali Hemed al-Buhriy’s Mrima Swahili Translation of the Qur’ān and its Place in Islamic Scholarship in East Africa
Authors: Chande Abdin
Published: May 2022

Dutch scholar Ridder Samsom has noted that few of the writings of religious scholars among the Swahili speaking peoples of coastal East Africa have survived destruction caused by natural and human factors. Other factors that have complicated matters include the political developments and uncertainties of the colonial period (late 19th century to roughly 1960) that led to the abandonment of the use of the Arabic script, not to mention ongoing weak conservation practices. Nevertheless, the recent identification of a Swahili manuscript of the Qur’ān in Arabic script by Shaykh Ali Hemed al-Buhriy (1889-1957), undoubtedly the foremost Islamic religious scholar of mainland Tanzania during the colonial period, represents an important contribution to the still-growing Islamic scholarship in East Africa. The manuscript (in Mrima, the Swahili dialect spoken on the northern coast of mainland Tanzania) ranks alongside Swahili translations of the Qur’ān by other leading Islamic scholars of East Africa such as Shaykh al-Amin Mazrui of Mombasa, a colleague and personal friend of the Shaykh. It was handwritten by Shaykh al-Buhriy in the 1950s during the terminal phase of the colonial era. The Shaykh had served as the qadhi (Muslim judge) of Tanga (1921-1935), although his position approximated that of the chief qadhi of Tanganyika, a post that, unlike the case of Kenya, had never been created.
Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien dengan Nyeri Akut Pada Hipertensi Di RSAU dr. Esnawan Antariksa Jakarta Timur
Authors: Fitria Revie , Martin Edo Fidelis
Published: May 2022

Asuhan keperawatan pada klien dengan hipertensi merupakan suatu rangkaian pros es keperawatan dalam mengatasi masalah pada klien. Hipertensi adalah tekanan darah sistolik > 140mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik > 90mmHg. Asuhan keperawatan dilakukan untuk mencegah dan menurunkan angka kematian dimasa yang datang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan pada klien yang mengalami nyeri akut dengan hipertensi di RSAU dr. Esnawan Antariksa Jakarta Timur. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan intervensi. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 2 (dua) orang klien dan keluarga dengan masalah keperawatan nyeri akut dan diagnosa medis hipertensi. Karateristik partisipan adalah berjenis kelamin sama, usia 45–64  tahun, tekanan darah >140/90mmHg, keluhan nyeri dengan skala sedang (4-6) dan skala berat (7-9). Setelah dilakukan tindakan keperawatan pada klien 1 didapatkan 3 diagnosa keperawatan dengan kriteria masalah teratasi, yaitu:nyeri akut berhubungan dengan peningkatan tekanan vaskular serebral, intoleransi aktivitas berhubungan dengan kelemahan menyeluruh, dan defisit pengetahuan terhadap penyakit hipertensi berhubungan dengan kurangnya informasi yang didapat. Sedangkan pada klien 2 didapatkan 3 diagnosa keperawatan dengan kriteria masalah teratasi, yaitu: nyeri akut berhubungan dengan peningkatan tekanan vaskular serebral, berat badan lebih berhubungan dengan intake nutrisi adekuat, dan defisit pengetahuan terhadap penyakit hipertensi berhubungan dengan kurangnya informasi yang didapat. Hasil dari pemberian tindakan relaksasi napas dapat menurunkan tingkat nyeri pada klien dengan hipertensi.
Comparison of complication rates after transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte pick-up procedures with respect to ovarian response
Authors: Gungor Nur Dokuzeylul , Gurbuz Tugba , Onal Murat
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the complication rates of oocyte pick-up (OPU) procedures via transvaginal ultrasonography in patients with different levels of ovarian reserve.Methods: In total, 789 patients who underwent OPU procedures for in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included in the study.Results: Individuals with normal ovarian reserve had a 2.947-fold higher risk of complications in OPU procedures than individuals with low ovarian reserve, and individuals with high ovarian reserve had a 7.448-fold higher risk of complications than individuals with low ovarian reserve. In addition, a higher number of IVF trials was associated with an increased risk of complications.Conclusion: The results of this study show that OPU has a higher risk of complications, particularly severe pain, in patients with high ovarian reserve. It is thought that complications can be reduced by preferring mild stimulation in patients with high ovarian reserve. Collecting fewer oocytes is also associated with a lower risk of complications from OPU. Even if a patient’s reserve is very good, fewer and higher-quality oocytes should be targeted with the use of the lowest possible dose of drugs.
Improving the Resolution of International Tax Disputes
Authors: Ault Hugh J.
Published: May 2022

The dramatic increase in international trade and investments and related phenomena under the general heading of Globalization have multiplied the situations in which international tax disputes can arise, both between taxpayers and governments but also, and in some ways, more importantly, between governments themselves. These disputes may involve transfer pricing issues, differing income characterization rules, disagreement about the existence of a permanent establishment, or more generally, diverging views on the appropriate exercise of potential taxing rights by the source country jurisdiction and the corresponding obligation of the residence country to provide double tax relief.In the current circumstances, it seems inevitable that the frequency and complexity of international tax disputes will increase and, likewise, the need for some mechanism to solve them is increasingly important. This paper will review briefly the existing mechanisms for dealing with such disputes, looking at their structure and application, and then consider some of the current proposals to modify and improve the procedures, focusing principally on the work at the OECD.
Allocating Business Profits for Tax Purposes: A Proposal to Adopt a Formulary Profit Split
Authors: Avi-Yonah Reuven S. , Clausing Kimberly A. , Durst Michael C.
Published: May 2022

The current system of taxing the income of multinational firms in the United States is flawed across multiple dimensions. The system provides an artificial tax incentive to earn income in low-tax countries, rewards aggressive tax planning, and is not compatible with any common metrics of efficiency. The U.S. system is also notoriously complex; observers are nearly unanimous in lamenting the heavy compliance burdens and the impracticality of coherent enforcement. Further, despite a corporate tax rate one standard deviation above that of other OECD countries, the U.S. corporate tax system raises relatively little revenue, due in part to the shifting of income outside the U.S. tax base.In this proposal, we advocate moving to a system of formulary apportionment for taxing the corporate income of multinational firms. Under our proposal, the U.S. tax base for multinational corporations would be calculated based on a fraction of their worldwide incomes. This fraction would be the sum of (1) a fixed return on their expenses in the United States and (2) the share of their worldwide sales that occur in the United States. This system is similar in significant respects to the current “residual profit split” method of the U.S. transfer pricing regulations and the OECD Guidelines, as well as to the current method that U.S. states use to allocate national income across states. The state system arose due to the widespread belief that it was impractical to account separately for the economic activity supposedly earned in each state when states are highly integrated economically. Similarly, in an increasingly global world economy, it is difficult to assign profits to individual countries, and attempts to do so are fraught with opportunities for tax avoidance.
Sunshine and Shadows on Charity Governance: Public Disclosure as a Regulatory Tool
Authors: Brody Evelyn
Published: May 2022

As legislatures turn to disclosure as the primary tool of nonprofit regulation, we should ask some basic questions: Why isn't it enough that charities report information to the authorities - why further require those filings to be disclosed to the public? Is information collected by regulators who worry primarily about financial self-dealing useful to a public worried about charity effectiveness? Ideally, the prospect of disclosure should improve not just the accuracy of filings, but also board monitoring and governance: Boards will become sensitive not only to how operations look, but how well the charity is really doing. If mandated disclosures focus on the wrong questions or paint an incomplete picture, engaged boards can ensure that charities tell their stories through additional, voluntary forms of disclosure. At the same time, increased public disclosure of the IRS's exemption determinations and revocations reveals the need for formal guidance from the tax regulator about acceptable governance structures and practices.
ESPIRITUALIDADE E OTIMISMO TRÁGICO NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA PANDEMIA À LUZ DO PENSAMENTO DE VIKTOR FRANKL
Authors: Meireles Marcos Vinícius da Costa , Monteiro Sandrelena da Silva , Pereira Raquel Rinco Dutra , Oliveira Lívia Rinco de
Published: May 2022

Este estudo de natureza teórico-bibliográfico tem por objetivo refletir sobe os conceitos de espiritualidade e otimismo trágico no pensamento de Viktor Frankl e sua possível contribuição para o enfrentamento da tríade trágica, em especial no contexto pandêmico da COVID 19. Os resultados apontam que diante de situações de sofrimento, culpa e morte, o ser humano tem a capacidade de transformar de modo criativo os aspectos trágicos da vida em algo construtivo. Ademais, o caráter transitório da existência faz com que a vida seja dotada de importância e adquira seu sentido. Conclui-se que diante das tragédias da vida é necessário atitudes firmes e responsáveis, buscando por sentido apesar das adversidades.