bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Η επίδραση της θειαμαζόλης στη θυρεοειδική και ωοθηκική δραστηριότητα σε προβατίνες Καραγκούνικης φυλής
Authors: KANTAS (Δ. KANTAΣ) D. , NTOVOLOU (Ε. ΝΤΟΒΟΛΟΥ) E. , TSILIGIANNI (Θ. ΤΣΙΛΙΓΙΑΝΝΗ) T. , VALASI (Ε. ΒΑΛΑΣΗ) E. , GOULAS (Π. ΓΟΥΛΑΣ) P.
Published: March 2018

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the feasibility to extent the breeding season after pharmacological thyroid gland suppression in Karagouniko ewes. During the first experimental phase, we studied the circannual variation in thyroxin and triiodiothyronin concentration in 10 ewes. During the next year, on the basis of the results obtained from the first phase, thiamazole was administered in 10 of 20 ewes. Sample analysis from the first experiment showed that T3 and T4 fluctuate throughout the year, but at the period of increasing daylight their concentrations were higher in comparison to those of the periods of decreasing daylight. A clear and abrupt increase in both T3 and T4 was observed during the end of spring. In the second experiment we attempted to eliminate this increase by thiamazole administration. Thiamazole suppressed T3 and T4 increase, but estrous cycle characteristics (ovarian structures, progesterone concentration) and mainly the duration of the breeding season did not differ between the two groups. We infer that stronger and possibly longer thyroid gland suppression is required in order an extension of the breeding season to be achieved.
First record of Doleschallia tongana (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) for Guam Island
Authors: Manuel Jake , Tennent W. John , Buden Donald W. , Moore Aubrey
Published: March 2018

A single specimen of the butterfly,Doleshallia tongana Hopkins 1927, was collected on Guam Island on October 23, 2017 (13.430478°N, 144.800419°E). This is a new species record for Guam and Micronesia, indicating a geographical range expansion forD. tongana.
CHARACTERISATION OF OXIDES BY ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
Authors: Duchon Jan , Halodova Patricie , Lorincink Jan , Di Gabriele Fosca , Hojna Anna
Published: March 2018

For the safe development of GenIV nuclear reactors, it is necessary to study the compatibility of structural materials with new coolants. The current work describes the behavior of the ferritic-martensitic steel T91 in a Heavy Liquid Metal environment. Specimens were pre-stressed up to yield strength and subsequently exposed to lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) in static conditions for 2000 hours. The aim was to identify the susceptibility to crack initiation in the selected experimental conditions. In a reference position of the sample the examination of the metal-LBE interface was carried out by means of SEM equipped with EDX. On the interface, the formation of oxide scales was observed without trace of crack initiation. The oxide was characterized by a two layers structure. From the sample, a TEM lamella was produced by FIB and subsequently the lamella was analyzed in HRTEM. The individual oxide layers were identified and characterized by SAED, EELS and EDS techniques. For a visualization of the interface between matrix and oxide STEM-HAADF and EFTEM techniques were used.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCESSING OF ULTRA-LOW CARBON STEEL USING VACUUM TREATMENT
Authors: Le Hoang , Nguyen Cao-Son , Bui Anh-Hoa
Published: March 2018

This paper presents experimental process of ultra-low carbon (ULC) steel using vacuum heat treatment. After adjusting the chemical compositions as desired, the ULC steel was casted into plate, hot-forged and cold-rolled to sheet of 1 mm thickness, finally annealed at 800oC. Microstructure, crystalline phase, non-metallic inclusions and mechanical properties of the ULC steels were characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and tensile test. Under argon vacuum atmosphere, decarburization occurred and C contents of the treated steels were reduced to 36 and 40 ppm corresponding to the decarburizing rate of 84.2 and 82.4%, respectively. The vacuum induction melting is thought to accelerate the rate of carbon removal from liquid steel. Electromagnetic force was attributed to promote the decarburization due to increasing the mass transfer coefficient during vacuum treatment. The annealed steels obtained a good combination of the strength and ductility; the total elongations were 45.2 and 42.9 %, while the yield strengths were 199 and 285 MPa, respectively. The results indicated that the ULC steels have only ferrite phase, of which grains size were 30 µm in average. The relative volume of non-metallic inclusions in the ULC steels was calculated as 0.23 vol. %, resulting positive contribution in the mechanical properties.
THE ABILITY TO CLINCHING AS A FUNCTION OF MATERIAL HARDENING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Balawender Tadeusz
Published: March 2018

Mechanical clinching can be used to joining different metallic materials. The only restriction are their plastic properties. However some plastic materials, with good ductility, do not conform strong clinch joint, e.g. materials, featured by high strain hardening phenomena are difficult to clinching and do not create durable clinch joint. In case of others materials with limited ductility clinch forming generates the process-induced defects such as cracks. So, there are material’s features which are very important for the clinch forming process and among them the strain hardening properties seem to be in special importance.

                The clinch joints of different materials with diversified plastic and strength properties  were tested. A single overlap clinch joints with one clinch bulge were realized in the tests. The joints were tested in the pull test. The obtained results showed the relation of the clinch joinability to the materials’ strain hardening exponent. The good quality and good strength joints, were obtained for materials with low value of strain hardening  exponent below n = 0,22.
Praca postpamięci w Kartografie Juana Mayorgi
Authors: Łapicka Kamila
Published: March 2018

The Effect of Postmemory in Juan Mayorga’s The Cartographer

The Cartographer of Juan Mayorga was inspired by a visit to Warsaw in 2008. The author went on a ‘walk through an invisible Warsaw’, as he himself described it. It was a journey which followed the places pictured in photographs from the ghetto, which Mayorga saw at an exhibition at the Nożyki Synagogue. I was able to find them. Since photographs play an ‘essential role as a medium of postmemory’, as stressed by Marianne Hirsch, one of the leading researchers on postmemory processes in her paper The Generation of Postmemory, I would like to consider the means by which the photographs from the ghetto have initiated the effect of (affiliative) postmemory on this contemporary playwright (born in 1965), who has no connection to the Holocaust either through his family or even national background. I would also like to explore their effect on the dramatic developments of The Cartographer which take place within two time frames – Warsaw in 1940 as well as contemporarily.
Rodzinna postpamięć Ślązaków
Authors: Hajduk‑Nijakowska Janina
Published: March 2018

Family Postmemory of the People of Silesia

The author suggests a possible use of postmemory to analyse the contemporary family memory of the people of Silesia. Their memoirs about WW2 (such as working for the Wehrmacht, the Red Army invading Silesia, working in labour camps, nationality verification, displacements to Germany, and deportations to Siberia) bear signs of latent memory which is rarely revealed even to the next of kin. Present mainly within the family circle, within the local society, and among friends, these memoirs integrated Silesians and made them a unique community that considers itself a stigmatized minority. This contributed to mythologizing and stereotyping the whole memory. The family memory of the past events, full of emotions and understatements, often contradicting the official version of history, has been developed by children and grandchildren who tried to learn about it and understand it. As a result of political changes that occurred in Poland after1989 – which triggered a slow process of memory democratisation and incorporation of Silesians’ memoirs into the official history – new academic papers, memoirs, and documentaries were released. This process inspired the secondand the third generations of Silesians to share ‘family myths and legends’.
Comparison of pain behaviour and osteoarthritis progression between anterior cruciate ligament transection and osteochondral injury in rat models
Authors: Tawonsawatruk T. , Sriwatananukulkit O. , Himakhun W. , Hemstapat W.
Published: March 2018

Objectives

In this study, we compared the pain behaviour and osteoarthritis (OA) progression between anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and osteochondral injury in surgically-induced OA rat models.

Methods

OA was induced in the knee joints of male Wistar rats using transection of the ACL or induction of osteochondral injury. Changes in the percentage of high limb weight distribution (%HLWD) on the operated hind limb were used to determine the pain behaviour in these models. The development of OA was assessed and compared using a histological evaluation based on the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) cartilage OA histopathology score.

Results

Both models showed an increase in joint pain as indicated by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the values of %HLWD at one week post-surgery. In the osteochondral injury model, the %HLWD returned to normal within three weeks, while in the ACLT model, a significant decrease in the %HLWD was persistent over an eight-week period. In addition, OA progression was more advanced in the ACLT model than in the osteochondral injury model. Furthermore, the ACLT model exhibited a higher mean OA score than that of the osteochondral injury model at 12 weeks.

Conclusion

The development of pain patterns in the ACLT and osteochondral injury models is different in that the OA progression was significant in the ACLT model. Although both can be used as models for a post-traumatic injury of the knee, the selection of appropriate models for OA in preclinical studies should be specified and relevant to the clinical scenario. Cite this article: T. Tawonsawatruk, O. Sriwatananukulkit, W. Himakhun, W. Hemstapat. Comparison of pain behaviour and osteoarthritis progression between anterior cruciate ligament transection and osteochondral injury in rat models. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:244–251. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0121.R2.
The Case Con generation, 1970–75
Authors: Feldon Peter , Chenu Linda de , Weinstein Jeremy
Published: March 2018

‘Case Con’ was an organisation and a magazine for ‘revolutionary social work/workers’ that, in the 1970s, represented a radical challenge to social work at a time of great change both within the profession and the wider world. This contribution consists of three people who were activists and members of the Editorial Collective and were on a panel for a meeting of the Social Work History Network. Each goes back to their experiences and the documents of the period to elaborate the various themes as they developed and to discuss the impact of their involvement on them, both personally and politically.
Landscape and Consumer Culture in the Design Work of Humphry Repton and Gordon Cullen: A Methodological Framework
Authors: Engler Mira
Published: March 2018

The practice of landscape and townscape or urban design is driven and shaped by consumer markets as much as it is by aesthetics and design values. Since the 1700s gardens and landscapes have performed like idealized lifestyle commodities via attractive images in mass media as landscape design and consumer markets became increasingly entangled. This essay is a methodological framework that locates landscape design studies in the context of visual consumer culture, using two examples of influential and media-savvy landscape designers: the renowned eighteenth-century English landscape gardener Humphry Repton and one of Britain’s top twentieth-century draftsmen and postwar townscape designers, Gordon Cullen. Rather than aesthetics and meaning, I focus on the designer’s motives, working modes, and visual marketing strategies for building audiences and markets. At the heart of these strategies is the performance of images in consumerist culture. Drawing on primary and secondary sources, I show that they persuasively fashioned, “packaged,” and “sold” their landscape commodity through attractive and marketable image-text products. The study highlights the specific role that each man assumed vis-à-vis his work environment and consumers, the pictorial sources that each used, and the media that broadcast and shaped each designer’s legacy. Despite the different historical contexts and the particular logics of the economy and mass media apparatuses of the time, this consumerist-focused study also reveals parallels between these men’s motives and image-making and marketing strategies. For instance, their drive for both professional and laypeople appeal led them to bridge theory and practice, use the “art of compromise,” and devise palatable and alluring images. By using consumerist arts perspectives in landscape and urban design studies, I offer a new interpretive path toward a historical knowledge that incorporates the landscape designer’s modus operandi and explains the role of mass media and marketing in the production and consumption of landscape.
British White Trash
Authors: Schmitt Mark
Published: March 2018

"White trash" is a liminal figure that dramatizes the intersection of race and class. Contemporary British novelists like Irvine Welsh, Niall Griffiths and John King use this originally US-American stereotype to interrogate the racializing discourse of class in British society. Their novels are interdiscursive reflections of the figurations of race and class that still haunt the British cultural imaginary. "British White Trash" is the first analysis to comprehensively examine the adaptation of the "white trash" stereotype in major British novels. The study thus contributes to a critical understanding of racism and classism, its cultural representations and its underlying social processes.
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN KOMODITAS PERKEBUNAN DI WILAYAH BOLIYOHUTO KABUPATEN GORONTALO
Authors: Rahman Rival , Baskoro Dwi Putro Tedjo , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: March 2018

Agricultural land use planning is essential for a region in developing their agricultural commodities. Boliyohuto region is a region which has the potential for very large land resources, especially for the development of agricultural commodities.The purpose of this study was to see how the development prospects of plantation commodities in the commodity Boliyohuto based economic development as well as physical resources of land. Data analysis method used is the image interpretation, Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share Analysis (SSA) to determine the main commodity and Land Suitability Analysis.The analysis showed the extent of the potential for development of superior commodities is an area of 24.655 ha. Then seeded commodities in this region are coconut, coffee, cocoa and cotton. Based on the results analsisi land suitability, land suitability classes for each commodity is moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and is not suitable (N). From these results, the prospects for the development of plantation commodities in the region Boliyohuto covers, palm development potential area of 16133.44 hectares, an area of 13159.41 ha of coffee, and cocoa area of 13543.94 ha.
The character of Mehmed-paša Sokolović in Ivo Andrić’s works
Authors: Sang Hun Kim
Published: March 2018

Ivo Andrić was searching and finding material for his stories and novels in the past, especially in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which represents the central topos in his literary output. As noted in the explanation of the Nobel Committee, Andrić received in 1961 the Nobel Prize in Literature “for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country”. The protagonists of Andrić’s stories and novels rarely include important historical personalities, and the most significant among them as a literary subject was Mehmed-paša Sokolović, the 16th century Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. The way in which Andrić portrayed the character of Mehmed-paša Sokolović in the novel ‘The Bridge on the Drina’ (Na Drini ćuprija) reflects some of the fundamental premises of his approach to narration, including his profoundly humanist intentions. Andrić held that oral (and written) stories and legends contained the true history of the humanity, and that one could grasp from them the real meaning of that history. Accordingly, in portraying Sokolović’s character, being confronted with historical documents on the one hand, and folkloric material on the other, Andrić gave primacy to the latter, even at the cost of disagreement between historical fact and oral tradition. Moreover, Andrić did not seek “the meaning of history” of Mehmed-paša Sokolović and his bridge in the historical data from Sokolović’s impressive political career accomplished in the Ottoman Empire, but in the bridge which outlived him and started the legend about him. With the novel ‘The Bridge on the Drina’ he created a “literary history” about the creation and meaning of the Višegrad bridge on these grounds – a unique literary “legacy for Mehmed-paša’s legacy”, widening and deepening the legend of Mehmed-paša Sokolović.
A Simplified Expression of Share Functions for Cooperative Games with Fuzzy Coalitions
Authors: Biswakarma Rajib , Borkotokey Surajit , Mesiar Radko
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we discuss the notion of Share functions for cooperative games with fuzzy coalitions or simply fuzzy cooperative games. We obtain the Share functions for some special classes of fuzzy games, namely the fuzzy games in proportional value form and the fuzzy games in Choquet integral form. The Shapley Share and Banzhaf Share functions for these classes are derived.
Radiation of Heat in an Insulating Vacuum Layer
Authors: Minárová Mária
Published: March 2018

The paper is motivated by the previous research concerning the heat transfer in a heat accumulation device. The device had been explored, built up and tested with the aim of utilization of cheap solar energy and its storage. In this heat storage system, a vacuum-like gap between two concentric containers acts as an insulating layer, radiation being the predominant heat transfer type in the gap. The better knowledge and understanding of the heat exchange by radiation, the more effectiveness of the insulation of the layer can be reached. Heat transfer by radiation is explored in the paper, mathematical model is set up, the algorithm of non-linear transient computation is introduced, and some illustrative results of this computation are performed.
Effects of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Well-Trained Cyclists' Aerobic and Anaerobic Performances
Authors: Karasiak Fábio C. , Guglielmo Luiz Guilherme A.
Published: March 2018

Karasiak, FC and Guglielmo, LGA. Effects of exercise-induced muscle damage in well-trained cyclists' aerobic and anaerobic performances. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2632–2640, 2018—The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in gross efficiency and in aerobic and anaerobic cycling performances. Nine well-trained cyclists (30.8 ± 6.4 years, cycling experience 8.4 ± 5.6 years) visited the laboratory 5 times. During the first visit, they performed a maximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer, to identify V̇o
2max (55.2 ± 4.9 ml·kg−1·min−1) and maximum aerobic power (Pmax; 327.0 ± 28.5 W). During the second visit (control), they cycled 5 minutes at 60% of Pmax, 5 minutes at 70% of Pmax, 5-minute time trial, and Wingate test. During the third visit, the athletes performed 10 sets of 10 countermovement jumps, to generate EIMD. The athletes repeated the second visit tests (control) 30 minutes, 48 hours (fourth visit), and 96 hours (fifth visit) after the jumps. The rated perceived exertion values increased 48 hours after EIMD (3.8 vs. 3.1) at 60% of Pmax. The ventilation and respiratory exchange ratio increased at 60% of Pmax (up to 4.3 L·min−1 and 0.04, respectively) and at 70% of Pmax (up to 5.4 L·min−1 and 0.05, respectively), mainly after 96 hours. There was no significant difference in V̇o
2, V̇co
2, and heart rate in submaximal exercises, neither in time trial. No differences were observed in the Wingate tests. In conclusion, the EIMD did not impair gross efficiency, nor aerobic and anaerobic performances in trained cyclists. However, despite the benefits of strength training to improve cyclists' performance, coaches must be cautious to the days after the strength training sessions because EIMD may change the perception of maintaining a given submaximal intensity during training or competition.
Cholinergic Modulation of Frontoparietal Cortical Network Dynamics Supporting Supramodal Attention
Authors: Ljubojevic Vladimir , Luu Paul , Gill Patrick Robert , Beckett Lee-Anne , Takehara-Nishiuchi Kaori , De Rosa Eve
Published: March 2018

A critical function of attention is to support a state of readiness to enhance stimulus detection, independent of stimulus modality. The nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) is the major source of the neurochemical acetylcholine (ACh) for frontoparietal cortical networks thought to support attention. We examined a potential supramodal role of ACh in a frontoparietal cortical attentional network supporting target detection. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) in the prelimbic frontal cortex (PFC) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) to assess whether ACh contributed to a state of readiness to alert rats to an impending presentation of visual or olfactory targets in one of five locations. Twenty male Long–Evans rats underwent training and then lesions of the NBM using the selective cholinergic immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin (0.3 μg/μl; ACh-NBM-lesion) to reduce cholinergic afferentation of the cortical mantle. Postsurgery, ACh-NBM-lesioned rats had less correct responses and more omissions than sham-lesioned rats, which changed parametrically as we increased the attentional demands of the task with decreased target duration. This parametric deficit was found equally for both sensory targets. Accurate detection of visual and olfactory targets was associated specifically with increased LFP coherence, in the beta range, between the PFC and PPC, and with increased beta power in the PPC before the target's appearance in sham-lesioned rats. Readiness-associated changes in brain activity and visual and olfactory target detection were attenuated in the ACh-NBM-lesioned group. Accordingly, ACh may support supramodal attention via modulating activity in a frontoparietal cortical network, orchestrating a state of readiness to enhance target detection.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe examined whether the neurochemical acetylcholine (ACh) contributes to a state of readiness for target detection, by engaging frontoparietal cortical attentional networks independent of modality. We show that ACh supported alerting attention to an impending presentation of either visual or olfactory targets. Using local field potentials, enhanced stimulus detection was associated with an anticipatory increase in power in the beta oscillation range before the target's appearance within the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) as well as increased synchrony, also in beta, between the prefrontal cortex and PPC. These readiness-associated changes in brain activity and behavior were attenuated in rats with reduced cortical ACh. Thus, ACh may act, in a supramodal manner, to prepare frontoparietal cortical attentional networks for target detection.
Cell-Type-SpecificShank2Deletion in Mice Leads to Differential Synaptic and Behavioral Phenotypes
Authors: Kim Ryunhee , Kim Jihye , Chung Changuk , Ha Seungmin , Lee Seungjoon , Lee Eunee , Yoo Ye-Eun , Kim Woohyun , Shin Wangyong , Kim Eunjoon
Published: March 2018

Shank2 is an excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein implicated in synaptic regulation and psychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorders. ConventionalShank2-mutant (Shank2−/−) mice display several autistic-like behaviors, including social deficits, repetitive behaviors, hyperactivity, and anxiety-like behaviors. However, cell-type-specific contributions to these behaviors have remained largely unclear. Here, we deletedShank2in specific cell types and found that male mice lacking Shank2 in excitatory neurons (CaMKII-Cre;Shank2fl/fl) show social interaction deficits and mild social communication deficits, hyperactivity, and anxiety-like behaviors. In particular, male mice lacking Shank2 in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (Viaat-Cre;Shank2fl/fl) display social communication deficits, repetitive self-grooming, and mild hyperactivity. These behavioral changes were associated with distinct changes in hippocampal and striatal synaptic transmission in the two mouse lines. These results indicate that cell-type-specific deletions ofShank2in mice lead to differential synaptic and behavioral abnormalities.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTShank2 is an abundant excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein implicated in the regulation of excitatory synapses and diverse psychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorders. Previous studies have reportedin vivofunctions of Shank2 mainly using globalShank2-null mice, but it remains largely unclear how individual cell types contribute to Shank2-dependent regulation of neuronal synapses and behaviors. Here, we have characterized conditionalShank2-mutant mice carrying theShank2deletion in excitatory and inhibitory neurons. These mouse lines display distinct alterations of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus and striatum that are associated with differential behavioral abnormalities in social, repetitive, locomotor, and anxiety-like domains.
Drowsy Drosophila: Rapid Evolution in the Face of Climate Change
Authors: Broo Jennifer , Mahoney Jessica , Bokor Julie , Hahn Daniel
Published: March 2018

Climate change can drive evolution. This connection is clear both historically and in modern times. The three-lesson curriculum described below provides opportunities for students to make connections between climate change and evolution through various modes of inquiry and self-investigation. Students examine how genetic variation may either facilitate or limit the ability for species to survive changing climates through work with the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. Students are asked to layer new understanding of the mechanisms of evolution onto their observations of genetic variation in fruit fly thermotolerance, and then synthesize this information to make predictions regarding the survival of species threatened by climate change.
Pembelajaran Bangun Ruang Sisi Lengkung Menggunakan Bahan Limbah Berbasis Lesson Study di Kelas IX SMPN 1 Kromengan
Authors: Yuliastuti Musni
Published: March 2018

Artikel ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan pembelajaran bangun ruang sisi lengkung dengan materi volume dan luas sisi tabung menggunakan bahan limbah melalui kegiatan Lesson Study. Kegiatan lesson Study dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap yaitu plan pada tanggal 10 September 2015 di SMP Negeri 1 Kromengan. Tahap do dan see dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 oktober 2015 juga bertempat di SMP Negeri 1 Kromengan. Berdasarkan hasil refleksi didapat bahwa dengan tayangan video di awal pembelajaran dapat membangkitkan motivasi siswa. Menggunakan media bahan limbah memudahkan siswa untuk mendapatkan konsep volume dan luas sisi tabung.This article aims to describe learning with curved side with material volume and extensive side of the tube using waste materials through Lesson Study activities. Lesson study activities carried out in three stages, plan on 10 September 2015 SMP Negeri 1 Kromengan. Stage do and see held on 1 October 2015 are also at SMP Negeri 1 Kromengan. Based on the results obtained that the reflection with a video show in early learning can be motivating students. Using media waste materials easier for students to get the concept of volume and area of the tube.
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Dengan Metode Tutor Sebaya Pada Siswa Kelas X IPA 7 Materi Trigonometri SMA Negeri 1 Kudus
Authors: Prasojo Teguh
Published: March 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa materi trigonometri melalui pembelajaran matematika dengan metode Tutor Sebaya pada siswa kelas X IPA 7 SMA 1 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus yang masing-masing terdiri 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil pengamatan untuk keaktifan siswa ada peningkatan sebesar 15,14 %. Hasil belajar matematika dari kondisi awal ke siklus I meningkat sebesar 14,42%, sedangkan dari siklus I ke siklus II ada peningkatan sebesar 7,69%, sehingga secara keseluruhan dari kondisi awal ke siklus II ada peningkatan sebesar 23,22%. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X IPA 7 SMA 1 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2012/2013 pada materi trigonometri.The purpose of this research is to improve the activity and student learning outcomes through learning mathematics trigonometry materials with methods Peer tutoring in class X IPA 7 SMA 1 Kudus in the academic year 2012/2013. This research is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles, each of which comprises four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The observation of student activity there is an increase of 15.14%. Mathematics learning outcomes from the initial conditions to the first cycle increased by 14.42%, while from the first cycle to the second cycle there is an increase of 7.69%, so that the whole of the first condition to the second cycle there is an increase of 23.22%. So it can be concluded that by using the method of peer tutors can increase the activity and results of class X student IPA 7 SMA 1 Kudus in the academic year 2012/2013 in the subject of trigonometry.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Statistika antara Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe NHT dengan TPS
Authors: Amalia Poppy , Surya Edy
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar statistika dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT (Number Head Together) lebih baik daripada TPS (Think Pair Share) pada siswa kelas X SMK. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu yang populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas X Semester II. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara simple random sampling dengan mengambil 2 kelas dari 6 kelas secara acak yaitu kelas X TKR-1 sebagai kelas eksperimen A dan kelas X TKR-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen B, dimana kelas eksperimen A menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan kelas eksperimen B menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS. Hasil Perhitungan diperoleh thitung = 3,32447 dan ttabel = 1,67078sehingga thitung > ttabel pada taraf nyata 0,05 maka hipotesis diterima.Dengan demikian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa hasil belajar statistika antara model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT lebih baik daripada TPS pada siswa kelas XThis research aims to demonstrate that the results of the statistical learning by applying cooperative learning model NHT better than TPS in class X SMK. This research was quasi experimental. The populationof the research was all students of class X semester II. Sampling was done by simple random sampling by taking two classes of sixth grade were randomly ie class X TKR-1 as the experimental class A and class X TKR-3 as the experimental class B, where the experimental class A implement cooperative learning model NHT and class experiment and implement cooperative learning model TPS. Calculation results obtained tcalculate = 3.32447 and ttable= 1.67078 so tcalculate>ttablethe real level of 0.05, the hypothesis was accepted. Thus we concluded that the results of a statistical study between cooperative learning model NHT better than TPS in class X.
Books Reviewed by: Carina Xue Luo, Rhys Stevens and Siobhan Hanratty
Authors: Simpkin Sarah
Published: March 2018

Ballas, Dimitris, Graham Clarke, Rachel S. Franklin, and Andy Newing. GIS and the Social Sciences: Theory and Applications. First edition. New York: Routledge, 2018. 280p. $59.95 USD. ISBN 978-1-138-78512-0.Â Bodenstein, Wulf. Exploring Africa with Ancient Maps. Tervuren, Belgium: Royal Museum for Central Africa, 2017. 296p. 19,50 â‚¬. ISBN 978-9-4922-4479-6.Gorr, Wilpen L, and Kristen S. Kurland. GIS Tutorial 1 for ArcGIS Pro: A Platform Workbook. Redlands, CA: Esri Press, 2017. 480p. 99.99 USD. ISBN Print: 9781589484665 ISBN Digital: 9781589484931.
Uma Teologia de fronteira: desafios do pluralismo cultural e religioso em uma sociedade dita Pós-moderna
Authors: Pinto Raphael Colvara
Published: March 2018

O Pluralismo religioso é, sem dúvida, uma das características marcantes do chamado período dito Pós-Moderno. Os processos de globalização e a crescente migração colocam povos e culturas, convivendo em espaços cada vez mais próximos, suscitando questões acaloradas e controversas. Contudo, cresce a consciência e a legitimidade a respeito de um pluralismo cultural e religioso, que tome em consideração as diferentes expressões do fenômeno humano, não como estigma mas, em vista de uma “diversidade reconciliada”. Tem-se como hipótese que é possível propor uma Teologia inter-religiosa, capaz de propor uma atitude de reciprocidade entre distintas tradições religiosas. Para tanto, tomar-se-á como horizonte hermenêutico o conceito de “fronteira”, como espaço de encontro e interlocução, tendo como aporte teórico as contribuições do Papa Francisco, de Faustino Teixeira e de Peter Phan.
O pluralismo religioso no horizonte de um ecumenismo planetário em Claude Geffré
Authors: Gomes Tiago De Fraga
Published: March 2018

Segundo Claude Geffré, Pentecostes é a imagem bíblica neotestamentária que afirma a manifestação pluriforme do desígnio de Deus, em contraposição à imagem bíblica veterotestamentária de Babel, expressão da idolatria monolítica de uma humanidade que se coloca no lugar de Deus. O fenômeno da religião em sua expressão plural é uma questão intransponível para a razão teológica contemporânea. Partindo das obras Crer e interpretar e De Babel a Pentecostes de Geffré, e em diálogo com autores correlacionados, o presente texto pretende refletir sobre a necessidade de um diálogo entre as religiões no contexto de uma sociedade globalizada. A construção de um ecumenismo planetário e de um ethos mundial depende disso. É preciso superar toda forma de fundamentalismo escriturístico e de integrismo doutrinal que são atitudes perniciosas para a convivência humana sadia a nível planetário.
A multimodalidade como via de análise: contribuições para pesquisas em aquisição de linguagem
Authors: De Almeida Andressa Toscano Moura de Caldas Barros , Carvalho Bezerra Cavalcante Marianne
Published: March 2018

Considera-se a multimodalidade como constitutiva da linguagem e como lócus de análise em aquisição. Assim, a multimodalidade refere-se às modalidades de uso da língua (fala, gesto, olhar) que coatuam na produção linguística com vistas à interação. Além disso, elege-se a prosódia, por ser elemento da fala, como copartícipe dessa matriz, tanto por se constituir como uma via privilegiada do engajamento da criança no diálogo e nos processos de subjetivação, quanto por ser um fator coesivo na organização da forma fônica e nos princípios de estruturação fonológica (SCARPA, 1988). O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como a prosódia e os gestos funcionam para compor a matriz gesto-fala de uma criança em processo de aquisição de linguagem, tendo como ponto de partida a proposta de Kendon (1972, 1980) e McNeill (1985, 1992) em que gesto e fala são indissociáveis, por representarem um sistema único. Para ilustrar nosso estudo, apresentaremos recortes de dados de uma díade mãe-criança filmados longitudinal e naturalisticamente, dos 6 aos 24 meses de vida da criança, que foram tratados no software PRAAT. Os dados mostraram que, mesmo ainda pequena, a criança faz uso de instâncias multimodais para fins de interação com seus pares, corroborando a ideia de que gesto e fala são partes de uma mesma matriz de significado.
Ensino do verbo gustar em espanhol para brasileiros: intervenção pedagógica baseada na instrução de processamento
Authors: Preuss Elena Ortiz
Published: March 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que visou analisar efeitos da instrução de processamento (VANPATTEN, 2005), na aprendizagem do verbo gustar, por aprendizes brasileiros de espanhol. Essa instrução se baseia em processos psicolinguísticos que subjazem à compreensão doinput, observando as estratégias naturais de processamento e suas convergências e divergências com o sistema-alvo da aquisição. Nessa perspectiva, preparamos uma sequência de atividades nas quais a atenção dos aprendizes foi manipulada durante o processamento do input para facilitar o intake e o estabelecimento de conexões entre forma e significado. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com aprendizes, em nível inicial, divididos entre grupo experimental e controle. Na primeira parte do estudo, os grupos realizaram pré e pós- teste, contendo tarefas de julgamento de gramaticalidade, de identificação do sujeito das frases e de produção de frases, intercalados pelo período de instrução de processamento, aplicada somente ao grupo experimental. Na segunda parte, o grupo experimental recebeu também a instrução tradicional (que prevê produção da estrutura-alvo) sobre o verbo gustar e realizou outro pós-teste. Os resultados não evidenciaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos, mas mostraram que a instrução de processamento aliada à instrução tradicional pode trazer benefícios ao processo de aquisição e uso da estrutura-alvo, pois torna a aprendizagem mais eficaz.
Tradução de teste de capacidade de memória de trabalho do inglês para o português brasileiro
Authors: Rigatti Pietra Cassol , Fontes Ana Beatriz Arêas da Luz , Magagnin Kelvin Pereira , Finger Ingrid
Published: March 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi a tradução e a adaptação para o contexto brasileiro de um teste de capacidade de Memória de Trabalho (MT) (WATERS e CAPLAN, 1996a). Nossa motivação é a existência de apenas uma medida de MT em português, cujo funcionamento difere do teste em questão. A tradução foi realizada seguindo critérios rígidos de escolha de palavras, número de sílabas, frequência de uso e número de palavras por frase, buscando manter o sentido original das frases. As diferenças entre a medida de MT disponível e a traduzida e suas respectivas vantagens e desvantagens foram explicitadas. Ainda cabem estudos para a validação do teste de capacidade de MT traduzido.
Processing of literal phrasal verbs by non-native and native speakers of English: an eye movement study
Authors: Wisintainer Danielle Dos Santos , Mota Mailce Borges
Published: March 2018

*O processamento de phrasal verbs literais por falantes não-nativos e nativos de inglês: um estudo do movimento dos olhos*Estudos recentes sobre aprendizagem de phrasal verbs por aprendizes de inglês como segunda língua (L2) ainda apresentam uma lacuna na discussão acerca da natureza do processamento desse tipo de verbo no curso da aprendizagem. O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o processamento online de phrasal verbs por aprendizes de inglês como L2, de nível avançado, falantes nativos de português brasileiro (PB). Dezesseis voluntários (8 falantes nativos de PB e 8 falantes nativos de inglês) participaram de um experimento em que foi verificado se houve diferenças entre o processamento de phrasal verbs literais e verbos lexicais. Para esta verificação, foi registrado o movimento dos olhos dos participantes enquanto liam sentenças que continham um dos dois tipos de verbos. As medidas de tempo de primeira leitura e tempo total de leitura na região de interesse mostraram que os aprendizes de inglês como L2 dedicaram mais atenção aos phrasal verbs do que aos verbos lexicais, o que interpretamos como evidência de um custo maior no processamento de sentenças com phrasal verbs do que naquelas com verbos lexicais. Os resultados são discutidos à luz de hipóteses sobre o processamento de phrasal verbs.
Aquisição de encontros consonantais: uma análise de dados naturais e experimentais
Authors: Barbieri Thais Telles , Ferreira-Gonçalves Giovana
Published: March 2018

Neste trabalho, analisa-se o processo de aquisição dos encontros consonantais tautossilábicos em produções orais de crianças falantes do português brasileiro (PB), com idades entre 1:4 e 5:0 (anos:meses). A aquisição da estrutura CCV tem sido foco de investigação em algumas pesquisas, mas, em boa parte desses estudos, etapas intermediárias de aquisição, identificadas por meio de análises acústicas, não são reportadas. Em trabalhos mais recentes, nos quais a análise acústica desempenha importante papel, identifica-se a existência dessas etapas intermediárias, as quais são evidenciadas pela presença de contrastes encobertos. Busca-se, assim, neste artigo: (i) fazer uma descrição de etapas intermediárias presentes na produção de encontros consonantais, (ii) verificar o emprego do alongamento vocálico enquanto mecanismo de distinção entre sílabas CCV e CV e (iii) verificar se o emprego da aspiração de oclusivas também cumpre função distintiva. Foram analisados dados de fala naturais, gravados em interação entre criança e cuidador, e experimentais, coletados em cabine acústica. Esses dados foram submetidos à análise acústica juntamente a palavras sem encontros consonantais e, por meio da comparação entre medidas acústicas – duração absoluta e duração relativa –, encontraram-se indícios do uso de alongamento vocálico e de aspiração enquanto mecanismos distintivos no processo de aquisição da estrutura CCV.
PAYMENTS FOR PUBLIC GOODS UNDER THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY VERSUS MARKET FAILURES
Authors: CZYŻEWSKI Bazyli , STĘPIEŃ Sebastian , POLCYN Jan
Published: March 2018

In the reality of the marketplace, a situation often arises where an economic surplus (rent) achieved by agricultural producers is partly taken over by related non-agricultural sectors. In this sense the category of economic rent embraces market failures related to such factors as price flexibility, and thus represents an effect of the misallocation of resources in the agricultural sector. The question therefore arises of whether there exists a developmental model of agriculture in which such market failures would be reduced. Apparently the only coherent response to this need is action taken under the paradigm of sustainable agriculture. This type of model for the sector’s functioning is supported by the objectives of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including through support for the supply of public goods in rural areas. This article addresses the question of whether CAP payments for public goods are a desirable systemic solution serving to reduce market failures. It is hypothesised that the financing of activity relating to the supply of public goods lessens the negative impact of the “market treadmill”, since it reduces the unexpected outflows of economic surplus away from farms, caused by agricultural prices. To verify the hypothesis, a panel regression analysis was performed on three sets: the EU-15 countries, the EU-12 countries, and – within Poland – subsectors of farms from six standard output classes. The analysis covered the years 2004–2012. The results of the computations provided confirmation of the hypothesis. It may be stated that an increase in the level of payments for public goods, as a percentage of total subsidies to agriculture, leads on average to a reduction in the drainage of economic rents through prices. It was also found that the financing of public goods under the CAP is more effective in reducing market failures in the EU-15 countries than in the EU-12.
COMPARISON OF THE QUALITY OF DIFFERENT SPEAR SEGMENTS OF ASPARAGUS (ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS L.) REARED IN LITHUANIA
Authors: ŽEBRAUSKIENĖ Audronė , KAZLAUSKAITĖ Sonata , VAGUSEVIČIENĖ Ilona , PAULAUSKIENĖ Aurelija
Published: March 2018

The studies on chemical composition of different parts of asparagus spears were carried out in 2013-2014 at the Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences at Aleksandras Stulginskis University. Spears of two asparagus varieties ‚Avalim‘ and ‚Gijnlim‘ were explored. Spears of 15 cm in length and 1 cm in diameter were selected and divided into three segments of 5 cm in length, i.e. spears were divided into three parts - upper, middle and lower. Chemical composition of fresh parts of asparagus spears (dry matter, vitamin C, potassium, nitrate, protein and fibre contents) was determined in the Laboratory of the Quality of Plant Raw Materials at ASU applying standardized analysis methods. Strength and hardness of spears was tested by texture analyser TA.XT Plus. Data of the research were statistically processed using STAT program from the statistical analysis package „SELEKCIJA“. Arithmetic means and standard deviations of the data were calculated. The studies showed that the highest contents of vitamin C, dry matter, potassium and protein and the lowest nitrate content were determined in the upper part of asparagus spears. The largest content of fibre was found in the lower part of asparagus spears. The maximal hardness and elasticity were defined in the lower part of the spears as well.
NEW BRAND EQUITY ASPECT: THE EXAMPLE OF NEW CANDY PRODUCT CONSISTENCY QUALITY EQUITY
Authors: VANAGIENĖ Vitalija
Published: March 2018

The methodology of study is based on a new educational thinking – to use analytics to build ideas and make them better. The article analyzes the equity of a new product in terms of consistency of the equity of a new brand. The aim of the study - to identify the new product's consistency quality importance on the new brand equity when the customer chooses a new product (the example: candy in boxes). Theoretical study was based on the analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, logical generalisation, graphic modeling and a survey (2017 (n = 416)). Analysing the equity of the new product consistency for the new brand equity structure. Recognizing that consumer choice depends on the equity of the new consistency of the product offered to him by the firm's offer, the practical test of the scientific concept has been chosen from the original study, analyzing the equity of the candys in boxes as a new product for the consumer. The results allow us to make assumptions about what elements of the new consistency of the product could influence the success of the new brand on the candy market. The consistency quality of a new food product is essential factor of a new brand equity. The results of the study lead to conclusion that new food product (candys in boxes) Lithuanian shoppers perceive the importance of consistency quality and assess the identity (as unique products) (between high and medium value), which is forming a positive image of the product (quality assurance). The results of the research can be applied to the needs of the consumers of the Lithuanian candys in boxes market.