bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Busway distribution system-sizing and planning aspects for automotive weld shop
Authors: Zaheer Sana , Zaheer Sana , Larik Raja Masood
Published: July 2021

Resistance spot welding with its characteristic “dirty electrical load” is adistinctive engineering problem. The wide range of its industrial applications has made the subject an exciting research domain. Owing to the in term it tence of a welding operation, random overlapping of welding pulses, its sensitivity to voltage variation and application-specific quality control requirements, the electrical distribution system for welding loads need to be tied strongly with the process-related requirements. One of the most important applications of resistance welding is an automotive body shop, also called weld shop. This is where various units of a car body are welded together to form a shell that begins to look like a car. This paper focuses on explaining the nature of welding load and process requirements of a weld shop, leading towards the design and development of a Microsoft Excel based tool for optimal sizing of high current busway distribution system for resistance spot welding machines.This tool can be effectively used as a desktop application for efficient design development and comprehension of various design criteria. Besides, numerical based calculations have been provided with sound reasoning, progressively developing the proposed design criteria.
Assessment on The Information-Communication Technology Literacy of Principals of Health School
Authors: Cadiente Arnie M. , Acob Joel Rey , Bagon Andres E.
Published: July 2021

The study determinedanassessment of the Information-Communications Technology literacy of the principal of health school in Eastern Visayas Region, Philippines. This was conducted randomly selected central health schools in thirteen (13) divisions in the Department of Education. A total of 505 respondents, one hundred one (101) of whom were central school principals, 101 district supervisors, and 303 teachers who rated the principal's performance along with the following indicators:Occupational Competence, Professional and Personal Competence, Attendance and Punctuality and Plus Factors. A survey questionnaire was used to gather the data relevant to the study. The obtained data were tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted through frequency counts, mean, percentage of distribution, and t-test. Findings of the study were as follows: Of the 505 respondents, 65 (64.4%) were females while 36 (35.6%) were males, 53 (52.5%) belonged to early later years, 33 (32.7%) were masters' and doctoral degree holders, 57 (56.5%) with anactual monthly income of 36,501–42,500, 40(48.51%) or almost half of the respondents has no ICT training, 49 (48.51%) owned computers for 1-3 years, 80 (79.21%) has 1-3 computer units, and 51 (50.5%) have favorable attitudes towards computer literacy. Onthe performance of principals as rated by teachers it was very satisfactory with a mean of 4.11 while immediate supervisors and principals themselves have a similar rating of very satisfactory with a mean of 3.86 and 4.01 respectively. It is recommended that school principals must undergo continuing education programs concerning ICT. Literacy skills of principals of health school may lead to effective instructions and managerial functions.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D Serum Levels Unrelated to Fasting Blood Glucose Levels of Premenopausal Women in Padang
Authors: Erasta Junira , Sulastri Delmi , Afriwardi
Published: July 2021

Low serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in premenopausal women result in the impaired release of insulin from the pancreas and reduce glucose tolerance which causes the body's metabolism to slow down resulting in weight gain leading to insulin resistance and resulting in diabetes mellitus (DM).The incidence of DM occurs at premenopausal ages compared to productive ages, the percentage of women experiencing diabetes is higher than men. This study aims to determine the relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of premenopausal women in Padang. Method: This study was conducted in the city of Padang, is observational, cross-sectional design. The study sample was 62 premenopausal women. Measurement of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and FBG levels were measured by the GOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Results: The average serum level of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D respondents was 30.96 ± 10.96 ng/ml. The average FBG level of respondents was 107.03 ± 13.74 mg/dl. There was no significant relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and FBG levels (r = -0.038, p = 0.769). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and FBG levels of premenopausal women in Padang.
Mutaciones comunicativas y culturales en la escuela
Authors: Correa Manchola Arlovich , Erazo Caycedo Édgar Diego
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo está instalado en el campo de los estudios culturales en América Latina. El trabajo usa técnicas etnográficas para observar las interacciones comunicativas y culturales de los jóvenes en la escuela, y la interacción entre maestros y estudiantes en la ecología de los medios, las migraciones digitales y las mutaciones en la cultura y la comunicación. El propósito de la investigación fue aclarar los contextos y los cambios culturales en las instituciones educativas en una región periférica de Colombia. En ese contexto los maestros, provenientes de la cultura oral, intentan enseñar la cultura escrita de la escuela a los jóvenes que nacieron y viven en la ecología de las pantallas y la cultura audiovisual-icónica-digital. En ese sentido, dibuja un mapa nocturno de este nuevo "territorio comanche" de mutaciones culturales, experiencias comunicativas e interacciones humanas en una escuela emergente en una sociedad desigual, hiperconectada pero con brecha digital. En estos contextos este trabajo tuvo como objetivo responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿Qué tipo de comunicación es posible entre maestros y estudiantes, en base a sus experiencias con las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación? ¿Cómo podemos mejorar la comunicación de estas culturas y el fortalecimiento de una educación crítica, relevante y liberadora? Los hallazgos sugieren que la escuela necesita ser interactiva y adaptar su tradición oral como una interfaz que tenga una conversación con los contextos tecnológicos del estudiante.
La Formación ciudadana en el discurso de la educación inclusiva. Un análisis crítico.
Authors: García Martínez Laura Viviana , Cardozo Edward
Published: July 2021

El estudio, hace un análisis pragmático y semántico del discurso de la educación inclusiva; desde una perspectiva crítica, permitiendo identificar elementos discursivos que dan cuenta de la instrumentalización, psicologización y homogeneización de la que es objeto la población con discapacidad, priorizando una conducta adaptativa, orientada por metas de aprendizaje, asociadas a la acumulación de contenidos, lo cual se confirma al establecer relaciones con lo planteado por integrantes de la comunidad educativa. Por lo tanto, se concluye que este discurso conlleva prácticas de exclusión dentro de las mismas instituciones.
Complejidad emocional, fuerza colectiva y relaciones de poder en la participación política de jóvenes universitarios de Medellín
Authors: Patiño Gaviria Carlos Darío , Duque Monsalve Luisa Fernanda , Díaz Arroyave Daniela , Zuluaga Marín Marizol , Vásquez Julián Andrés
Published: July 2021

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa, con método fenomenológico-hermenéutico, que buscó describir los sentimientos que los jóvenes universitarios de la ciudad de Medellín experimentan en el marco de sus prácticas de participación política, algunos que asumen el rol de representantes estudiantiles y otros que se autodenominan “desinteresados” frente a la política. Los resultados sugieren que los sentimientos de entusiasmo, empatía e indignación contribuyen a impulsar y sostener la participación política de los representantes estudiantiles, mientras que los sentimientos de apatía, miedo y frustración se asocian con la inhibición de la participación política, especialmente entre los autodenominados “desinteresados”. En la discusión se plantea que los sentimientos políticos, sean animadores o inhibidores de la participación, forman constelaciones y emergen en relación con la posición que los jóvenes universitarios ocupan en las relaciones de poder propias de los ámbitos políticos en los que participan. Finalmente, se plantea que la forma diferenciada en que estos jóvenes participan se relaciona con el modo colectivo o privado como experimentan aquellos sentimientos.
Los saberes escolares en el preescolar público (1990-2000)
Authors: Cárdenas Forero Oscar
Published: July 2021

Este artículo de reflexión, enmarcado en una perspectiva cualitativa, método arqueo-genealógico foucaultiano, continúa con la exploración respecto al rastreo de las condiciones de existencia (procedencia, función y funcionamiento) de los saberes escolares en el preescolar público, desarrollada en el 2018 y enfocada en la década de los 80s por el semillero de investigación “Historia de los saberes escolares en el preescolar”. Ahora inscrito, en los 90s, describe las fracturas, persistencias y alteraciones sufridas por los saberes escolares ante la irrupción de una nueva racionalidad educativa en el país. Para adelantar este trabajo, se rastrearon en los archivos, aquellos vestigios, regularidades, enunciaciones e invarianza, así como los juegos y relaciones de poder, que actuaron acopladamente para mantener, transfigurar o desvanecer las condiciones de existencia de los saberes escolares en el preescolar. También, se muestra su carácter mutable y su condición de invención histórica, susceptible de modificarse, conservarse o diluirse en el tiempo.
Elementos culturales de dos comunidades Sordas del sur de Chile
Authors: Andrea Muñoz Karina , Sanchez Bravo Alejandra , Gallardo Vargas Cristal , Gonzalez Diaz Maryori
Published: July 2021

Este articulo tiene como objetivo identificar los elementos culturales presentes en dos comunidades Sordas del sur de Chile. La metodologi?a es de cara?cter cualitativo, con diseño etnográfico, usando la entrevista semiestructurada y la elicitación visual como técnicas de recogida de información. Los participantes son 26 personas Sordas nativas de la Lengua de Señas Chilena; 18 hombres y 8 mujeres, con un rango de edad entre 18 y 60 años. Los resultados fueron organizados en una unidad hermeneútica con apoyo del software Atlas.ti. Los principales resultados indican la similitud en los elementos culturales, emotivos, de organización, simbólicos y de conocimiento además surge la categoría emergente de visualidad reconocida por ambas comunidades sordas como aporte relevante para la educación de sordos y la necesidad imperiosa de seguir investigando en este tema.
Construcción de subjetividad en el recreo
Authors: Solorzano Ruiz Viviana Alexandra , Gómez Fernández Yuri Biviana
Published: July 2021

En el presente artículo, desde un corte etnográfico y teniendo como técnicas de recolección de información el diario de campo, la observación participante, la entrevista y la cartografía social, las investigadoras narran todo aquello que emerge del recreo, a través del relacionamiento con algunos estudiantes del Colegio Soacha para vivir mejor en el municipio de Soacha, Cundinamarca, desde sus experiencias y las voces de los niños y niñas de 7, 8 y 9 años de edad. Se analiza la construcción de subjetividades en relación a las posturas conceptuales de González (2012), Piedrahita, Díaz y Vommaro. (2012), Torres (2006) y Winnicot (1982). Lugares como la cooperativa, las escaleritas, la cancha de futbol entre otros, descubren esas subjetividades de los niños y niñas durante el recreo. El reconocimiento de esos lugares como característica de sus vivencias, así como sus voces, gustos, y relaciones con sus pares y adultos son algunas de las narrativas de los niños y niñas en torno a lo que consideran es su recreo. El presente artículo sintetiza la investigación frente a la construcción de subjetividades en ese espacio de la rutina escolar y todo lo que ello significa en el devenir de la subjetividad.
Entre nubes se descubre la cotidianidad de la educación inicial
Authors: Lovera Zuluaga Monica , García Ante Catalina
Published: July 2021

Este relato pedagógico realiza un acercamiento a la vida cotidiana del Jardín Social Nueva Roma, ubicado en la localidad San Cristóbal de Bogotá, administrado por la Caja Colombiana de Subsidio Familiar Colsubsidio, en Convenio con la Secretaría Distrital de Integración Social. El Jardín brinda atención a 287 niñas y niños de primera infancia y se organiza en las aulas de maternal, caminadores, párvulos y prejardín. Se enfoca en lo que acontece en un día en la sala maternal, particularmente en la sala cuna, la cual atiende a 10 niñas y niños desde los 6 meses y 1 año. Para la recolección de la información se llevaron a cabo 4 visitas al Jardín, se realizó entrevista en profundidad con la maestra de sala cuna, y se llevó a cabo un grupo focal con familias.
El sentido de construcción de tejido social alrededor de la primera infancia desde la educación inicial
Authors: Bejarano Novoa Diana Carolina
Published: July 2021

Este artículo recoge los resultados de la sistematización de la experiencia de trabajo de la Unidad de Atención de la Modalidad Propia Multinivel de Colsubsidio ‘Escalando mis sueños’, ubicada en el municipio de Guachetá, Cundinamarca. La elaboración se apoyó en el análisis de la información recopilada a través de encuentros presenciales y visitas al jardín, entrevistas a profundidad con la maestra titular y la auxiliar pedagógica, la documentación de experiencias realizada por ellas, y el desarrollo de un grupo focal con familias. La aproximación a esta experiencia visibiliza: el proyecto de aula como centro de las experiencias pedagógicas e interacciones, que moviliza saberes y prácticas en torno al desarrollo de la primera infancia y la educación inicial; la unión de esfuerzos y el trabajo colectivo entre la maestra y la auxiliar pedagógica como motor del ejercicio educativo y la organización de las prácticas; y, el potenciamiento de las acciones por vía de la articulación con el equipo interdisciplinar de la modalidad.
Mediaciones pedagógicas y aconteceres afectivos: una manera sensible de entender la educación inicial en contextos institucionales
Authors: Lovera Zuluaga Monica
Published: July 2021

Este relato pedagógico recoge los resultados de la sistematización de la experiencia de trabajo del jardín social Gran Colombiano, ubicado en la localidad de Kennedy de la ciudad de Bogotá. Su elaboración se apoya en la aproximación al ejercicio profesional de dos de las maestras que hacen parte del equipo profesional del mismo. Los resultados revelan la importancia del establecimiento de vínculos afectivos cercanos con los niños, las niñas y las familias, así como con el territorio y con los aliados locales, en la materialización de apuestas pedagógicas pertinentes para la primera infancia, basadas en el arte, la construcción de identidad, el respeto por la diversidad y el cuidado de la naturaleza.
Analysis of gene expression in cucumber roots interacting with Penicillium chrysogenum strain Snef1216 through seed coating, which induced resistance to Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Sikandar Aatika , Zhang Mengyue , Yang Ruowei , Liu Dan , Zhu Xiaofeng , Liu Xiaoyu , Fan Haiyan , Duan Yuxi , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: July 2021

The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is a destructive pathogen with a broad host range, causing serious damage to cucumber globally. Synthetic chemical nematicides are effective for controlling nematodes but they pose harmful effects on the environment and human beings. Thus, the development of natural plant defence mechanisms to contribute resistance to M. incognita is a potentially eco-friendly alternative. In recent decades, the biocontrol activity of P. chrysogenum against various pests and pathogens has been investigated in a variety of plants. The present study aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms of induced resistance by P. chrysogenum strain Snef1216 against M. incognita through its use as seed coating. The expression of 80 genes in roots of cucumber, Cucumis sativus, at four different infection time intervals was examined. Genes belonging to defence, signal transduction, growth, binding and transportation, secondary metabolism, transcription factor, cell death, oxidoreductases and cell wall modification categories were selected and examined with specific primers via RT-qPCR. The greater expression of defence-related or other vital genes demonstrated that P. chrysogenum strain Snef1216 induced priming of defence and plant growth-promoting responses. These data could contribute to breeding new nematode-resistant and biomass-enhancing cultivars of cucumber. Overall, application of P. chrysogenum strain Snef1216 may be a potential alternative to chemical nematicides as part of a future more effective management strategy.
The Image of the Zoroastrian God Srōsh
Authors: Grenet Frantz , Minardi Michele
Published: July 2021

This paper presents new and decisive evidence relative to the identification of one of the colossal depictions of deities discovered by the Karakalpak-Australian Expedition (KAE) at Akchakhan-kala with the Avestan yazata Sraosha. Besides the therianthropic Sraošāvarez, the explicit Zoroastrian symbol that decorates the tunic of this god, new iconographic details are seen. One is the sraošō.caranā, which is a whip, “the instrument of Srōsh”, held in the hands of one of these “bird-priests” instead of the customary barsom. The symbols are presented and discussed in their historical context.
Rock-Cut Church Göreme 31 (Cappadocia, Turkey): New Data from the Study in Situ (2014–2015)
Authors: Shevchenko Danil , Sadovskaya Yulia , Shkondin Vladimir , Zhurbin Yegor , Ostrovsky Alexey
Published: July 2021

This paper presents new findings from our study in situ of a small Christian church, known as Göreme 31, which is situated above the Kılıçlar church in Göreme (Cappadocia, Turkey). It was discovered and briefly described at the beginning of the 20th century, but after that almost no additional information was published. We were able to study Göreme 31 in situ in 2014–2015. In this article, we present new findings and updated information on this church: data on three previously unpublished murals in the naos, corrections to the readings of the frescoes of St. Auxentius (previously identified as St. Vincent), St. Sisinius (previously identified as St. Irene), and St. George with St. Theodore, and discussion of the enigmatic tiny grave in the funeral chamber.
Smallholders and Farmworkers in Agricultural Value Chains: No Upgrading Without Collective Action and State Support
Authors: Karatepe Ismail Doga , Scherrer Christoph
Published: July 2021

This article presents findings from field studies of smallholders and farmworkers producing coffee, mangoes, and rice in several countries in the global South. It is one of the few comparative studies of the constraints and opportunities for social upgrading in global agricultural value chains (gvcs). We argue that the ease with which new suppliers can be found gives highly concentrated global wholesalers and retailers enormous leverage over smallholders. As a result, opportunities for social upgrading tend to be limited. Even in successful cases, it is accompanied by fewer employment opportunities. Cooperatives, which enjoy government support and enforced labor laws, are an exception. The article begins with a discussion of problems in measuring the impact of gvc participation and a theoretical explanation of why economic upgrading is not sufficient to ensure social upgrading. Special attention is given to the role of the state in promoting social upgrading.
A new species of Ambrysus Stål from the Central Mexican Plateau and new state records for species of the genus in the country (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae)
Authors: REYNOSO-VELASCO DANIEL
Published: July 2021

The genus Ambrysus Stål is a species-rich genus in which multiple species groups have been proposed, including the North American Ambrysus signoreti Stål complex. The new Mexican species Ambrysus altiplanus Reynoso n. sp., which belongs to the A. signoreti complex, is described and illustrated, bringing the total number of described species of Ambrysus to 67. Also, new state records are reported for three species of the same complex, two of which are endemic to Mexico.
Three new species of Botanophila Lioy (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) from the Mexican Transition Zone
Authors: GOMES LUCAS R. P. , DE CARVALHO CLAUDIO J. B.
Published: July 2021

The genus Botanophila Lioy has several species distributed in North America, but none had been recorded from Mexico. Here we describe three new species of Botanophila from the highlands of the Mexican Transition Zone. We include images of habitus, drawings of the terminalia and a key to facilitate the identification of species. Remarkably, the male of the new species has dichoptic eyes, an unusual characteristic in Anthomyiidae.
Two new species of the genus Arboridia Zachvatkin from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)
Authors: JIANG JIA , LUO GUI-MEI , SONG YUE-HUA
Published: July 2021

Two new species of the leafhopper tribe Erythroneurini from Guizhou province, China, Arboridia (Arboridia) huajiangensis sp. nov. and Arboridia (Arborifera) changlingensis sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The ovipositor of A. huajiangensis sp. nov. is photographed and described. A key distinguishing all known species of the genus in China is provided.
Diagnosis of Tilted Weather Radars Using Solar Interference
Authors: Curtis Mark , Dance Sandy , Louf Valentin , Protat Alain
Published: July 2021

For mechanically scanning weather radars, precise pointing of the antenna is a key factor in ensuring accurate observation of the atmosphere at far range. Since operational radars typically scan the atmosphere using a series of 360° sweeps at fixed elevation angles, level scanning during azimuthal rotation is also important, but often not actively monitored after installation.

One method of gauging pointing accuracy of a radar is to use solar interference which occurs as the antenna sweeps past the sun. By comparing the observed position of the sun with its known position, an estimate of pointing error in both elevation and azimuth can be obtained. A basic model for this error assumes that the radar sweep is perfectly level and that biases in elevation are therefore independent of azimuth. We extend this model to allow for the possibility that the plane of rotation may not be level. Consequently, the direction and severity of tilt may be diagnosed in addition to any constant error in elevation and azimuth pointing.

The extended model was applied to a subset of radars from the Australian weather radar network resulting in the discovery of several out of level radars. One radar, Captains Flat near Canberra, showed a severe tilt of 0.81° prompting inspection by a technician. This revealed that mounting studs on the pedestal of the radar tower were badly worn and loose. Correction of this issue resolved the tilt component of the diagnosed elevation error and prevented further mechanical damage to the instrument.
Compression of the Right Atrium and Inferior Vena Cava from an Extrahepatic Biloma Following Liver Trauma
Authors: Thrash Brandon T. , Smith Alison A. , Fairchild Alexandra H. , Ustunsoz Bahri , Brown Tommy A. , Chapman Brett M. , Hunt John P. , Marr Alan B. , Stuke Lance E. , Schoen Jonathan E. , Greiffenstein Patrick P.
Published: July 2021

A 26-year-old male presented to a Level 1 trauma center following a motorcycle crash. Workup of his injuries demonstrated a grade 5 liver laceration with active extravasation, grade 5 kidney laceration, right apical pneumothorax, and a sternal fracture. The patient underwent hepatic artery embolization with interventional radiology (IR) followed by an exploratory laparotomy, liver packing, and small bowel resection with primary anastomosis. Four days post-op, the patient developed dyspnea, tachycardia, and decreasing oxygen saturation. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography demonstrated perihepatic fluid compressing the right atrium and inferior vena cava. Percutaneous perihepatic drain placement with aspiration of 700 mL bilious fluid resulted in immediate resolution of the compression. He subsequently underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with stenting of the ampulla nine days later. The patient was discharged ten days post-ERCP with oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for polymicrobial coverage and follow-up with gastroenterology and IR for stent removal and drain maintenance.
Addressing the issue of child sexual abuse in Pakistan: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Granich Steven , Jabeen Tahira , Omer Sonia , Arshad Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Drawing on academic and government literature and the authors’ professional experience in working with child sexual abuse (CSA), this article details the current issues in Pakistan within a global context of Asia. This discussion addresses the context of CSA in Pakistan, causes and incidence of CSA, reporting of CSA, lack of effective structures to protect children, public education for CSA, and finally discusses the example of Punjab Province in Pakistan and its approach to dealing with CSA. The article contributes to an understanding of current reporting, intervention, and treatment of victims of CSA in Pakistan from a social work/policy perspective.
Maternal Emotional Distress Following the Birth of a Preterm Baby: The Case of Bedouin Mothers Living in Southern Israel
Authors: Assal-Zrike Shuaa , Marks Kyla , Atzaba-Poria Naama
Published: July 2021

Mothers of preterm infants are at higher risk for postpartum emotional distress (PPED). In this study, we investigated PPED among Bedouin mothers, an ethnic minority group living in Israel. Our aim was to understand how maternal acculturation style and birth order were related to mothers’ PPED following a premature birth. Three hundred twenty-one Bedouin mothers and their babies (preterm: n = 66; full-term: n = 255) participated in the study. Data were collected in the maternity ward and the NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) of a large general hospital in Southern Israel providing medical care to all populations in the southern region. Mothers completed questionnaires on maternal postpartum depression and anxiety. Additionally, maternal acculturation style was assessed using the acculturation questionnaire and information on child birth order. Mothers of preterm infants indicated having more symptoms of PPED than mothers of full-term infants. Additionally, both maternal acculturation style as well as birth order (i.e., whether the preterm was first- or later-born) were found to act as moderators in the link between prematurity and PPED. Specifically, we found that among the preterm group, low levels of Westernized acculturation style and the birth of a preterm infant who was later-born predicted higher levels of PPED. Our findings indicate that ethnicity, acculturation, and birth order are important variables that need to be considered when studying PPED and premature birth. Results highlight the fact that mothers from an ethnic minority group who have had a premature birth are at higher risk for experiencing PPED. However, individual differences emerged when examining maternal acculturation style and birth order. Culturally—informed clinical implications are proposed.
Preservice Teachers Taking Action: Enacting Teaching Practices and Pedagogical Theories in an After-School Literacy Club Field Experience
Authors: VanDerHeide Jennifer , Marciano Joanne E.
Published: July 2021

This article examines the teaching practices and pedagogical theories preservice teachers (PSTs) enacted in a newly designed after-school literacy club field placement. We draw from sociocultural and activity theories to analyze data collected in the qualitative study that examined the following research questions: (1) What teaching practices do PSTs enact in an after-school literacy club field placement? (2) What pedagogical theories guide their choices about which teaching practices they enact in the after-school literacy club field placement? and (3) In what ways does this field placement afford and constrain PSTs’ appropriation of these practices and theories? Findings consider three ways that the field experience afforded—and at times also constrained—the opportunities made available for PSTs to enact teaching practices and pedagogical theories related to their learning in coursework including learning from and with fellow PSTs, developing ownership over curriculum, and making connections to university coursework.
A study on heat transfer load in large space buildings with stratified air-conditioning systems based on building energy modeling: Model validation and load analysis
Authors: Zhang Yunqian , Lu Jun , Jiang Xin , Shen Shuren , Wang Xin
Published: July 2021

The characteristics of heat transfer load from the non-air-conditioned (NAC) area can help to understand the complex airflow movement and thermal physical mechanisms inside large space buildings. Based on building energy modeling, the indoor thermal environment and building energy consumption of a plant for computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools are studied. Considering the form of the stratified air-conditioning system and the phenomenon of heat retention near the roof in the plant, the double zone and triple zone models are established. The vertical air temperature, the parameters of the terminal of the air-conditioning system and the heat/cool source system of the plant in summer and winter were measured on site, which verifies the accuracy of the established model. Based on the validated model, the proportion of heat transfer load from the NAC area is calculated, at the range of about 60%–85%. The positive influence of the roof heat transfer coefficient on the sensible heat load in the NAC area is revealed. The recommended value of the non-dimensional zone-mixing flow rate between the air-conditioned (AC) and NAC areas is given, with 30% (in summer). The results of this work can help understand the composition of the stratified air-conditioning load in large spaces and optimize the design of air distribution.
Simulation of drawing process based on fiber arrangement in the sliver with straightness and separation degree
Authors: Sun Na
Published: July 2021

Sliver irregularity, straightness and separation degree of fibers are three crucial factors in sliver quality. Considering the straightness and separation degree, the drafting model based on the fiber arrangement in the sliver was applied to simulate the drawing process. First, the fiber arrangement in the carding sliver was developed. Then, the drafting process was divided into the low-velocity stage, straightening stage and high-velocity stage to carry out the redistribution of the fiber arrangement so that the sliver quality after drafting can be recalculated from the new fiber arrangement after the drafting procedure. Combining the doubling procedure, the simulated sliver quality of each drawing process was demonstrated to be close to the actual values, taking the straightness and separation degree into consideration. The relative errors between the simulated straightness and percentage of separated fibers and the tested one were all less than 10%. The prediction accuracy of sliver irregularity was raised by about 40%. In addition, the simulated results strongly confirmed the theory that the drawing process has an influence on straightening the hooked fibers, separating the fiber in the assembly and improving the sliver evenness, which cannot be reflected in previous models.
Psychological Antecedents of Intentions to Participate in Last Chance Tourism: Considering Complementary Theories
Authors: Woosnam Kyle Maurice , Ribeiro Manuel Alector , Denley Tara J. , Hehir Christy , Boley B. Bynum
Published: July 2021

Last chance tourism (LCT) has received significant attention within the academic literature and popular press because of its controversial nature of bringing travelers to threatened places. However, little theory has been applied to understand why travelers gravitate toward this controversial type of tourism. Hence, this work combines the value–belief–norm (VBN) model and theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework to explain intentions to participate in LCT. Survey data were collected from a national panel ( n = 436) of US travelers in 2019. A two-step modeling approach (confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling) was followed to examine psychometrics and hypothesized relationships between VBN constructs, TPB constructs, and intentions to participate in LCT. Of the 11 hypotheses examined, nine were supported, with both theories combining to explain 61% of the variance in travelers’ intentions. The TPB construct of “social norms” was the best predictor of LCT intentions, emphasizing the conspicuous nature of LCT’s influence on demand.
Let’s take it outside: Seeking alternative targets for expressing dissent at work when voice is suppressed
Authors: Akkerman Agnes , Sluiter Roderick , Manevska Katerina
Published: July 2021

This study examines what workers do when their supervisor is not responsive to their voice. Based on mobilization theory and theories on organizational dissent, the authors hypothesize alternatives for workers expressing discontent when their initial complaints are ignored or punished by their supervisor under various co-worker support conditions. The hypotheses are tested using a large- N dataset while applying a vignette design. The findings show that workers are less likely to (repeat) voice within the organization and more likely to seek help outside the organization when a supervisor threatens to punish future voice endeavours. Co-workers’ supportive and participative responses to voice increase the likelihood that workers keep their voice within the organization and have mixed effects on the likelihood that workers seek support elsewhere.
Instagram as a Special Educator Professional Development Tool: A Guide to Teachergram
Authors: Newton Jennifer Ryan , Williams Mira Cole
Published: July 2021

Instagram is a free, online social media application that facilitates social networking. Since Instagram is image dependent, educators create visuals accompanied by captions of up to 2,200 characters. By adding specific hashtags to captions, educator posts are curated by the algorithm into a broad community of practice, colloquially known as “Teachergram.” As a technology-facilitated PD tool, Teachergram lends itself to many of the characteristics of high quality and sustainable professional development (PD). In this paper, we focus on how Instagram can be used as a PD tool that supports collaboration, reflection, and feedback loops of educators. We focus on how the unique characteristics of Teachergram lead to the creation of communities and affinity spaces, aligned with existing PD frameworks, built to support the retention of special education teachers and related service providers.
Racial Disparities in Adult Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Mahendran Geethanjeli N. , Rosenbluth Tyler , Featherstone Miriam , Vivas Esther X. , Mattox Douglas E. , Hobson Candace E.
Published: July 2021

Objective

To compare rates of cochlear implant referral and cochlear implantation across different races and to compare audiometric profiles of these patients.

Study Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Academic tertiary care institution.

Methods

Demographic and audiometric data were collected for patients who underwent cochlear implant evaluation or cochlear implantation from 2010 to 2020.

Results

A total of 504 patients underwent cochlear implant evaluation; 388 met cochlear implant candidacy criteria, and 258 underwent implantation. Of the patients referred for cochlear implant evaluation, 68.5% were White, 18.5% were Black, and 12.3% were Asian, while the institution’s primary service area is 46.9% White, 42.3% Black, and 7.7% Asian (P <. 001). Black patients referred for cochlear implant evaluation had significantly worse hearing (mean pure‐tone average [PTA] 84.5 dB, 26.1% word recognition) than White patients (mean PTA 78.2 dB, P =. 005; 35.7% word recognition, P =. 015) and Asians patients (mean PTA 77.9 dB, P =. 04; 36.5% word recognition, P =. 04). Black patients who underwent cochlear implant evaluation also had significantly worse AzBio scores than White patients: 24.5% versus 36.7% (P =. 003). There was no significant difference in cochlear implantation rates between Black and White candidates (P =. 06).

Conclusion

Black patients undergo cochlear implant evaluation and cochlear implantation at rates disproportionately lower than expected based on local demographics. In addition, Black patients have significantly worse hearing at the time of cochlear implant referral than White and Asian patients. Identifying and increasing awareness of these disparities are essential steps to improving cochlear implant access for potentially disadvantaged populations.
Effects of Social Determinants of Health Care on Pediatric Thyroid Cancer Outcomes in the United States
Authors: Gruszczynski Nelson R. , Low Christopher M. , Choby Garret , Meister Kara D. , Smith Byron H. , Balakrishnan Karthik
Published: July 2021

Objective

To identify social determinants of health care that are associated with poorer pediatric well‐differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) outcomes and increased stage at presentation.

Study Design

Using the SEER database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results), we retrospectively gathered data on pediatric WDTC across the United States between 1973 and 2015.

Setting

All patients between 0 and 19 years old with a diagnosis of WDTC were included.

Methods

Patient variables were analyzed for relationships to AJCC stage at presentation (American Joint Committee on Cancer), overall survival, and disease‐specific survival.

Results

Among 3913 patients with pediatric thyroid cancer, 3185 were female (81.4%), 3366 had papillary thyroid cancer (85.3%), and 367 had follicular thyroid cancer (9.4%). Two‐ and 5‐year overall and disease‐specific survival approached 100%. However, when outcomes were analyzed by specific populations, male sex, non‐Caucasian race, poverty, and language isolation were linked to worse overall survival. Male sex and poverty were associated with poorer disease‐specific survival. Regarding overall AJCC stage at presentation, male sex and Black race were related to higher overall presenting AJCC stage. Later AJCC T stage at presentation was seen in male, Hispanic, Asian, and Black patients. There were no variables significantly related to following through with recommended surgery.

Conclusion

Pediatric WDTC continues to carry an excellent prognosis in the United States. However, when we consider specific populations, the social determinants of health care affect survival and disease burden at presentation: male sex, poverty, language isolation, and race affected survival and/or AJCC stage at presentation in pediatric WDTC.
Efficacy of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant to rocuronium in general anaesthesia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Haiyan , Jin Tao , Wu Xiping , Yang Lei , Zuo Yunxia , Liao Ren
Published: July 2021

Objective

Magnesium sulfate is considered to be an effective adjuvant to rocuronium in general anaesthesia. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify its efficacy.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WanFang, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant to rocuronium from the start of the database establishment until May 2020.

Results

Eleven RCTs were analysed. The pooled meta-analysis showed that using magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant significantly shortened the onset time and prolonged the clinical duration of neuromuscular blockade by rocuronium compared with the control group without magnesium sulfate. However, there was no significant difference in recovery index of neuromuscular block between the magnesium and control groups. Furthermore, magnesium sulfate significantly increased the rates of excellent and clinically acceptable intubation conditions.

Conclusion

Adding magnesium sulfate to rocuronium during general anaesthesia can alter the neuromuscular parameters, including shortening the anaesthesia-onset time and prolonging the clinical duration, without significantly increasing the recovery time. Pretreatment with magnesium sulfate may also improve intubation conditions during general anaesthesia.
Human sperm-associated antigen 4 as a potential prognostic biomarker of lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yongheng , Tang Yao , Li Jianhui , Wang Danfang , Li Wenhan
Published: July 2021

Objective

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. As a subtype of LC, lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has a 5-year survival rate of less than 15%. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of a glycolysis-related gene signature in LUSC patients.

Methods

We obtained RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Prognosis-related genes were screened out by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Cox proportional regression models. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the mRNA expression levels in relevant tissues.

Results

We found that sperm-associated antigen 4 (SPAG4) overexpression was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) in LUSC. Patients with high-risk scores had higher mortality rates than those with low-risk scores. Moreover, by using RT-qPCR, we validated that SPAG4 mRNA was overexpressed in LUSC tissue samples compared with their paired para-cancerous histological normal tissues.

Conclusions

Analysis of aberrantly overexpressed SPAG4 may provide a further useful approach to complement existing methods and predict prognosis in LUSC patients.
A rare case of gastric fundus tuberculosis with nonspecific abdominal pain
Authors: Yan Feiyu , Yu Xianzhe , Lei Hongjun , Chen Yi , Wang Jiwei , Li Jianguo
Published: July 2021

A 53-year-old patient who experienced recurring upper abdominal pain and discomfort for 4 years was admitted to our hospital. Gastroscopy was performed to identify the location of the pain and evaluate the characteristics of a mass in the abdomen. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a space-occupying lesion in the gastric fundus, suggestive of a submucosal tumor and highly likely of stromal origin. Surgical resection of the lesion was performed for identification; however, postoperative histopathological examination of the lesion revealed gastric fundus tuberculosis (TB). Gastric TB is relatively rare; therefore, clinicians should be highly suspicious of patients with abdominal symptoms from regions with a high incidence of TB to prevent treatment delay caused by misdiagnosis.
Development and Testing of a Concrete Median Barrier for Flood-Prone Areas
Authors: Silvestri Dobrovolny Chiara , Johnson Blair A. , Bligh Roger , Kovar James , Barrett Michael E. , Klenzendorf Brandon , Hendrickson Gregory , Retterer Taya , Ries Jon
Published: July 2021

Concrete median barriers are designed to mitigate serious cross-median crashes by preventing penetration of errant vehicles into oncoming traffic. When implemented in flood-prone areas, however, solid concrete median barriers can act as a dam to floodwaters, as recently seen in the U.S. in Texas during Hurricane Harvey, or in Louisiana and Pennsylvania following severe storms. This raises the height of the floodwaters and increases the severity of flooding on highways and surrounding roads and communities. To reduce flooding, new median barrier options with openings were investigated. Finite element simulations were used to aid investigation and evaluation of the designs, and laboratory testing was performed to evaluate the hydraulic efficiency of barrier designs in a variety of simulated flood conditions. A concrete single-slope profile median barrier with a large scupper was selected for crash testing following Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 4 (TL-4) impact conditions and evaluation criteria. The median barrier design was deemed MASH compliant and is ready for implementation in areas susceptible to flooding, with the goal of reducing flooding severity, decreasing associated risk to motorists, and reducing the level of flood damage to both highways and surrounding areas.
Reading Vehicular Messages from Smart Road Signs: A Novel Method to Support Vehicle-to-Infrastructure in Rural Settings
Authors: Karaaslan Enes , Sen Burak , Ercan Tolga , Laman Haluk , Pol James
Published: July 2021

Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication is essential for reliable deployment of connected automated vehicle technology, contributing to the advanced safety and optimization of our transportation networks. However, supplying and maintaining necessary wireless infrastructure is a challenging task, particularly when it comes to rural areas. This study proposes a novel methodology that uses artificial intelligence, machine vision, and smart traffic signs to support V2I in areas where availability of wireless communication infrastructure is limited. The objective of this paper is to investigate the operational challenges of the proposed low-cost solution in different V2I applications, including a MapData message in an unsignalized traffic intersection, traveler information message in a work zone, and a red-light violation warning with the help of a smart sign. The proposed system showed some important advantages, such as invulnerability to third-party alterations and robust operation under harsh environmental conditions.
Analysis of Overweight Truck Permit Policy in New Jersey
Authors: Demiroluk Sami , Nassif Hani , Ozbay Kaan , Na Chaekuk
Published: July 2021

The roadway infrastructure constantly deteriorates because of environmental conditions, but other factors such as exposure to heavy trucks exacerbates the rate of deterioration. Therefore, decision-makers are constantly searching for ways to optimize allocation of the limited funds for repair, maintenance, and rehabilitation of New Jersey’s infrastructure. New Jersey legislation requires operators of overweight (OW) trucks to obtain a permit to use the infrastructure. The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) issues a variety of permits based on the types of goods carried. These permits allow OW trucks to use the infrastructure either for a single trip or for multiple trips. Therefore, one major concern is whether the permit revenue of the agency can recoup the actual cost of damage to the infrastructure caused by these OW trucks. This study investigates whether NJDOT’s current permit fee program can collect enough revenue to meet the actual cost of damage to the infrastructure caused by these heavy-weight permit trucks. The infrastructure damage is estimated by using pavement and bridge deterioration models and New Jersey permit data from 2013 to 2018 containing vehicle configuration and vehicle route. The analysis indicates that although the cost of infrastructure damage can be recovered for certain permit types, there is room for improvement in the permit program. Moreover, based on permit rules in other states, the overall rank of the New Jersey permit program is evaluated and possible revisions are recommended for future permit policies.