bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classical Control Strategies Used in Recent Surgical Robots
Authors: Shi Yunze , Kumar Singh Santosh , Yang Liangjing
Published: May 2021

With the increasing demand for soft and smart robotic technology for surgical applications, there have been growing interests in the development of controllers. Modern developments in the design process of surgical robots are being fundamentally different from traditional robots. There is a huge design gap with a lack of a unified and systematic framework for the design process, analysis, and control for these high-dimensional robots. On the other hand, more and more surgical robots have been developed, which has greatly impacted medical practice. This review paper attempts to provide an insight into various control strategies such as PID control, model predictive control, and sliding mode control along with basic structures of different autonomy level surgical robot control systems as a guideline for the clinical application of surgical robot in the futures. A comprehensive assessment by highlighting the limitations and design gaps of various control strategies is reported for future application.
Comparison of the positive and negative two points incremental forming quality
Authors: Zhu H , Cheng G X , Won Jung Dong
Published: May 2021

The forming method of the positive and negative two points incremental forming is different, so the forming quality will be different. The forming processes on the positive and negative two points incremental forming were simulated numerically by using the Finite Element Analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the forming quality was compared and analyzed according to the thickness, profile curve, and equivalent stain. The research shows that the thickness, equivalent strain and contour accuracy of the positive two points incremental forming are better than that of the negative two points incremental forming. Therefore, the forming quality of the positive two points incremental forming is better.
Using design expert d-optimal for formula optimization of functional drink that enriched with moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Kahfi M A , Sutisna A N , Ainia H , Cecep A R
Published: May 2021

The nutritional content found in Moringa leaf can be used as a supporting substance, the utilization of Moringa leaf extract as for the enrichment of drink products that are ready for consumption such as instant drink products. The use of Moringa leaf extract as an instant drink is an innovation of a local food product to help girl adolescent that are already menstruating to prevention iron deficiency anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of the instant drink formula enriched with Moringa leaf extract using the Expert D-Optimal Design. The research stages were conducted by: (1) preparation of the Moringa leaf extract, (2) determination of the fillers from cassava flour, modification cassava flour, and dextrins, (3) characterization of the instant drinks with selected fillers, (4) Moringa leaf enriched instant drink formula optimization using the Program of Design Expert-12 the Mixture Design method. The research results based on the prediction of the Program of Design Expert-12 show that the optimized formula from 38.01% moringa leaf extrac and 29.94% dextrins with desirability value is 0.521. Verification result has a water soluble time of 17.54 seconds; water insoluble part 0.002%; yield 61.15%; bulk density 0.72 g/mL; 64.65 degrees of brightness; moisture content 1.32%; ash content 0.27%; pH 3.22; antioxidant activity 0.00027; tannin content 0.07%; iron content 3.47 μg/mL and organoleptic values include color 4.15; aroma 3.99; taste 3.94; and overall 4.02.
Preliminary assessment of water balance at Mayang watershed, East Java
Authors: Sihombing A M C , Indarto I , Wahyuningsih S
Published: May 2021

Mayang watershed is prone to hydrological disasters. The watershed is subject to flooding events during the rainy season, and potentially prone to drought risk during the dry season. This study aims to assess the sustainability of water balance on the watershed using the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. Supply water comes from rainfall. Demand is calculated based on the need for irrigation, domestic, urban, industrial, and livestock uses. The unit of time to calculate the water balance is ten days. In one month it is divided into three periods. WEAP modeling is based on current water requirements. The results showed that from 2002 to 2019, the available water resources were not able to meet all water demand throughout the year. Unmet demand occurs from May 2nd to December 2nd. From December 3rd to May 1st, the Mayang river and its tributaries were able to supply the water for all demand sites up to 100%.
Effect of different amount of cross-linker and catalyst on modified cassava towards its chemical characteristic
Authors: Sondari D , P Amanda , Suryaningrum R , Burhani D , Pramasari D A , Septevani A A , Restu W K , Agustian E , Irawan Y , Oktaviani M
Published: May 2021

The experimental works involved preparing modified cassava using cross-linker sodium trimethyl phosphate (STMP) and catalyst (sodium chloride) towards its chemical characteristic. In this study, the number of cross-linker and catalyst were varied to determine the effect of each amount of cross-linker and catalyst towards the value of solubility, swelling power, freeze-thaw, and FTIR analysis. Their structural and functional properties were also characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). This study found that the properties of modified cassava containing 2% (w/w) of the catalyst were less effective than the modified cassava comprised of 4% (w/w) sodium chloride. The 2% (w/w) content of cross-linker in the modified cassava model was the best amount of STMP to be used in this process.
Magnetic field exposure affects plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne spp. motion behavior
Authors: Fauzi S , Hamid M N , Triangga F , Pradana A P
Published: May 2021

Plant-parasitic nematodes are costly burdens of crop production. Ubiquitous in nature, phytoparasitic nematodes are associated with nearly every important agricultural crop and represent a significant constraint on global food security. This study aimed to determine the effect of magnetic field exposure on plant-parasitic nematodes, namely Meloidogyne sp. This research was carried out in October 2019 in the laboratory of agriculture, University of Jember. The study used a completely randomized design using four treatments, namely exposure to the N polar magnetic field, S polar magnetic field, toroidal magnetic field (N to S), and reverse toroidal magnetic field (S to N) with a magnetic strength of 1,5 Mt and the number of nematodes was 50 J2 per treatment. The results showed that the magnetic field affects the nematode’s motion, which is increasingly greening the magnetic field within 60 seconds, 90 seconds, and 120 seconds. Nematodes experience the most rapid movement and move further away from the magnetic field within 60 seconds and 120 seconds in the treatment of reverse toroidal magnetic field exposure (S to N) equal to 13 mm and 24.5 mm. Hereby, this study provides new information about changes in nematode motion to exposure to magnetic fields.
Effect of land criticality on nutrient availability (case study of Dinoyo sub watershed, Jember regency, Indonesia)
Authors: Sari P T , Indarto  , Sujarwo M W , Romadhon M R
Published: May 2021

Dinoyo sub-watershed is one of the watersheds that drain water from Argopuro Mountain through the Panti and Rambipuji Districts. Land-use changes in the upstream area have reduced the function of water absorption and increased soil erosion. It causes drought during the dry season and flooding during the rainy season which is a characteristic of critical land. This study aims to map the level of criticality of the Dinoyo sub-watershed area and its relationship to nutrient availability. This study used the scoring and weighting method of four main factors that affect the critical value of land (land cover, slope, management, and erosion level). The layers then executed using the Gis program. The result of this analysis produces a land criticality map. Based on the analysis, the up-stream section has high nutrient availability compared to the middle and downstream regions. There are two classes of land criticality, which are rather critical and substantial criticism. The area included in the rather critical was 1,723.34 ha dominated by forest land use. A coffee plantation dominates a sizeable critical area of 2,333.88 ha. From regression analysis showed that organic matter had the most influence on the criticality of land.
The effect of different time durations of ozone treatment and storage temperatures on postharvest quality of banana (Musa acuminata)
Authors: Triardianto D , Bintoro N
Published: May 2021

As a climacteric fruit, bananas continue to ripe after being harvested and it’s accelerated by ethylene produced by the product. The rate of ripening process greatly influences shelf life of banana. Ozone treatment and storage temperature potentially inhibit ethylene production and may lengthen shelf life. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of different time durations of ozone treatment and storage room temperatures on the changes of peel colour, firmness, and weight loss of banana fruit. Green mature kepok bananas were used as the sample. The duration time of ozone exposure treatments used were 0 (untreated), 10, 15, and 20 minutes every day with the flow rate of 0.0279 ppm/min. While the storage temperatures used were 5, 15, and 27°C (ambient temperature). The physical qualities of the samples were measured every day for three weeks of storage. Repeated measure of statistical analysis indicated that storage time and its interaction with exposure time durations and storage temperatures were found to have significant effect on hue angle, chroma, firmness, and weight loss. It was also known that storage temperature had a significant effect on those above attributes, while exposure time duration of ozone treatment only affected hue angle.
Inhibition of orange (Citrus reticulata ) green mold with anti-fungal yeast Debaryomyces hansenii and Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Indratmi D , Hartawati  , Noctavia C T , Rachmawan M D
Published: May 2021

Green mold rot is an important disease that generally affects post-harvest and storage oranges. The attack of this disease quickly causes a decrease in the quality and shelf life of citrus fruits during storage. Post-harvest handling of citrus fruit from green mold attack is generally by coating the fruit using synthetic fungicides so that the fungicide residue often sticks to the orange peel when marketed. Fruit protection with a protective material can be used to increase shelf life and maintain the quality or quality of fruit stored in a room without refrigeration. The use of yeast as a protective material for postharvest fruit is still a little developed. The yeast fructoplan D. hansenii and A. pullulans have anti-fungal properties, so they have the potential to be developed as fruit protective agents. The experiment objective to find out the yeast ability of fructoplan D. hansenii and A. pullulans to protect postharvest citrus fruits with different ripeness levels against pathogens of green mold, storage capacity and quality of citrus fruits. The study was conducted using a two-factor randomized block design with four replications. The first factor, the type of antifungal yeast treatment, consisted of 4 levels; namely treatment without yeast and pathogens as negative control; pathogen inoculation alone, without application of yeast as positive control; A. pullulans application treatment, and D. hansenii application treatment. The second factor was the level of maturity of the citrus fruit, consisting of 3 levels, namely 25% yellow, 75% yellow; and 100% yellow. Measurement variables included disease severity, intensity of green mold rot, fruit storage time, weight loss, fruit hardness, vitamin C content, and total dissolved solids. The results of the experiment proved that the coating treatment of citrus fruits with yeast D. hansenii and A. pullulans was able to maintain the quality of oranges, increase shelf life, and increase the resistance of oranges to post-harvest diseases without reducing the quality of citrus.
Effect of waxing and packaging method on the quality of Pontianak Tangerine
Authors: Isnaini L , Purbiati T
Published: May 2021

Orange is a fruit that is easily subjected to physical, chemical and biological changes during storage. The change in behavior was due to the absence of handling of the fruit after harvest. To maintain the quality of the fruit and to extend the shelf life, the fruit was manipulated by waxing and packaging. The research objective was to determine the effect of waxing and proper packaging methods on the quality of Pontianak Tangerine fruit during storage 10 days after harvest. The research was conducted at the Post Harvest Laboratory of East Java AIAT in January 2018. The research design was arranged completely randomly with 2 treatment factors. The factors are wax dyeing (waxing and without waxing) and packaging methods (plastic baskets, black plastic bags, white plastic bags, transparent plastic, cardboard and fruit nets). The experiment was repeated 3 times per unit experiment / replication using 10 pieces. The results showed that on the second day after harvest there was a significant difference between the wax and the packaging method on fruit volume, fruit skin brightness color and fruit juice brightness color. Meanwhile, the waxing factor and packaging method were not different with respect to sugar content, acid content, fruit weight, juice volume, and fruit juice color. For yellowish skin color, the packaging method is different but there is no difference in waxing, the packaging method with a white plastic bag is yellow. Observations on day 10 after harvesting wax did not affect fruit volume, fruit skin color, attack by plant-disturbing organisms, juice color, sugar content, acid and vitamin C levels, but had an effect on fruit weight, skin brightness, juice volume, juice brightness and juice yellowish color. The method of packaging affects the volume of fruit, volume of juice, yellowish juice color and vitamins. C
The effect of the consentration of macro-nutrient-liquid-foliar- NPK and dosage of NPK 15-5-15 fertilizer to improve the quality of red chilies (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Fidiyawati E , Setyorini D , Sa’adah S Z , Prayitno A , Istiqomah N
Published: May 2021

The research objective was to known the concentration of NPK liquid foliar macro nutrient and the dosage of NPK fertilizer to improve the quality and yield of red chilies and benefit increase. The study was conducted in Batu City (923 m asl) from December 2018 to June 2019. The study used a Randomized Block Design with 4 (four) replications consist of 7 (seven) treatments and 1 (one) control, namely: F0 (without fertilizer), F1 recommended fertilizer (900 kg.ha−1 NPK), F2 (225 kg.ha−1 NPK + 0.5 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer), F3 (450 kg.ha−1 NPK + 1.0 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer), F4 (675 kg.ha−1 NPK + 1.5 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer), F5 (900 kg.ha−1 NPK), F6 (1,125 kg.ha−1 NPK + 2.5 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer), and F7 (1,350 kg.ha−1 NPK + 3 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer). Data analyzed with ANOVA and DMRT (α=5%). The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, thickness of fruit pulp, and yields. The most economical treatment of Relative Agronomic Effectiveness or RAE has more than 100%. F4 (675 kg.ha−1 NPK + 2 ml.l−1 of NPK liquid foliar fertilizer) reached 102.27 % and F5 treatment (900 kg.ha−1 NPK + 2 ml.l−1 of NPK liquid foliar fertilizer) reached 117.90 %. Financial analysis showed that F5 is the most profitable. Treatment F5 (900 kg ha−1 NPK + 2 ml.l−1 NPK liquid foliar fertilizer) produced the highest R/C of 3.74.The quality of chili refer to thickness of fruit pulp treatment F5 reached highest was 1.72 mm.
Population dynamics of Diaphorina citri with the implementation of integrated management of healthy orange gardens (PTKJS) and CVPD detection with PCR engineering
Authors: Fitria R U , Sugiarti T , Kilmanun J
Published: May 2021

This study was to determine the population dynamics of Diaphorina citri with the Application of Integrated Management of Healthy Citrus Gardens (PTKJS) and detection of CVPD by PCR technique. This research was conducted in a village in Tebing Batu village, Sebawi District, Sambas Regency from February to October 2018. The research used observation / monitoring techniques for insect vectors, the abundance and diversity of insects and disease symptoms using the PCR technique. The results showed that the application of monitoring techniques which was continued by PTKJS, there was an increase in crop yields and an increase in the diversity of the highest insect species trapped after the implementation of PTKJS was dominated by the Hymenoptera Order with 17 families out of a total of 7515 trapped insects. The application of monitoring techniques has resulted in an average emphasis of Diaphorina citri from 16,33 to 1,67. The PCR method is a very sensitive method and can be used to detect pathogenic bacteria that cause CVPD based on testing of 27 samples repeated 3 times showing> 90% positive indicating the presence of L. asiaticum bacterial infection that causes CVPD.
Utilization of peanut shell waste and bio-slurry as organic fertilizer for sweet corn (Zea mays L. Saccharata)
Authors: Roeswitawati D , Arman M D P , Sukorini H
Published: May 2021

The increasing demand for sweet corn (Zea mays, L.) in order to meet community nutrition has encouraged farmers to make improvements to the cultivation system. One of the important factors in the process of increasing sweet corn production is soil nutrients. Peanut shell (Arachys hypogea. L.) and bio-slurry are organic waste, when they have undergone a decomposition process they can be used as organic fertilizers. The aim of the study was to test the correct dosage of peanut shells and the concentration of bio-slurry so that it could be used as organic fertilizer for sweet corn plants. The research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, University of Muhammadiyah Malang from March to May 2020. It is a factorial experiment arranged in randomized groups, the first factor is peanut shell dose: P1 = 10 tons / ha; P2 = 15 tons / ha; P3 = 20 tons / ha. The second factor is the bio-slurry concentration: B1 = 100 ml/ L; B2 = 125 ml/ L; B3 = 150 ml/ L. The results showed that there was an interaction between the peanut shell dosage treatment and the bio-slurry concentration on the growth and yield of sweet corn. Dose treatment of peanut shells on growth and yield variables of sweet corn is influenced by the concentration of bio-slurry. A combination of suitable treatment for growth and yield to sweet corn is peanut shell dose 15 tons/ ha and bio-slurry concentration 125 ml/ L.
Adoption of good agriculture practice for export-oriented snake fruit farming
Authors: Akhmadi H , Shofiyati I , Sriyadi
Published: May 2021

Snake fruit is one of the major agricultural export commodities in Indonesia. One of the efforts to improve the quality of snake fruit production and quality is through the adoption of Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) for export-oriented of snake fruit farming. This paper aims to analyse the level of adoption of GAP and factors related to the level of application of the GAP for export-oriented snake fruit farming. The level of application of the GAP was analysed using a 3-point Likert Scale, while the factors corelated to the level of application of the GAP were analysed using Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed that the level of application of the GAP for export-oriented snake fruit farming was in moderate category. Moreover, land area and capital were significantly strong and positive correlated to the level of application of GAP export-oriented snake fruit farming.
Factors affecting market efficiency of unhusked rice in Central Java
Authors: Mukson  , Setiadi A , Pangestuti M D , Prayoga K
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze marketing distribution, factors affecting marketing, and margins of unhusked rice in Undaan Sub-District, Kudus Regency. The survey was conducted from October to November 2018 in Undaan Sub-District, Kudus Regency. The data of marketing margin and marketing efficiency were descriptively analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed that there were two patterns of marketing channels of unhusked rice; first, farmers’ → rice mills and second, farmers’ → middleman → rice mills. The marketing margin of the first pattern was Rp. 0.00, while the marketing margin of the second pattern was Rp. 525.93 at the middleman level. The marketing efficiency of the two patterns was efficient in term of farmers’ share. The result of the multiple linear regression showed that the channel pattern and the selling price as independent variables were the factors influencing marketing efficiency.
Analysis of willingness to pay for ‘Ketakasi’ ground coffee in Jember Regency
Authors: Chotima U H , Aji J M M
Published: May 2021

Willingness to pay (WTP) has been widely used to measure the value of an item, both private and public goods, also shared resources. More recently, the WTP concept is also applied to marketing management for product development and pricing strategies. Ketakasi ground coffee is a premium Robusta coffee product of Jember Regency. The price of Ketakasi ground coffee per package with a net weight of 160 grams was sold at IDR 15,000, relatively more expensive compared to the price of branded ground coffee product which were sold at an average of IDR 12,000 per pack. Perception about the price of Ketakasi ground coffee which was considered expensive by consumers could make an obstacle for producers to achieve the expected target customers. This research aimed to determine the value of WTP of Ketakasi ground coffee; and factors influencing the WTP. A total of 60 respondents were interviewed in this research. Average value of consumers’ willingness to pay was analyzed by the descriptive statistics, while the factors influencing the willingness to pay consumers were analyzed by logistic regressions. Results showed that the value of consumers’ WTP reached IDR 16,000 per pack. This value was actually higher compared to the current market price, i.e., IDR 15,000, with consumer surplus of IDR 1,000. The taste of local coffee was identified as the main reason why consumers willing to pay higher than the current market price. Factors significantly influencing consumers’ WTP of Ketakasi ground coffee were consumer’s gender, types of jobs, and income.
The factors that influence consumption of chocolate drinks in Jember regency
Authors: Hariyati Y , Alfiansyah M B
Published: May 2021

Nowadays publics in this millennial era had became gradually aware of the benefits in consuming chocolate product. Chocolate drinks are extensively available in stores, minimarkets, supermarkets, to cafes. Therefore, the most remarkable thing was the model of chocolate beverage provided by cafes. Consumers of chocolate drinks in Jember had different reasons and could be influenced by different variables. The objective of this study was to establish the factors which were influencing cafe consumers in purchasing chocolate beverage in Jember district. The determination of the research area was carried out by using purposive method. The research method used was a quantitative method. The sampling was done by accidental sampling. The data collection method was done by using primary data (observation and questionnaire) and secondary data (documents). Data analysis was presented by using factor analysis. The results showed that all variables influenced the purchase of chocolate baverage in Jember Regency. Those 5 factors are namely: 1. Social, 2. Psychological, 3. Personal, 4. Product, 5. Price and culture.
Design of interactive agricultural extension media for student in the material of family medicinal plant utilization
Authors: Hasan N , Wardani R R I K , Fahmi K I , Ciptasari S A A , Arfiansyah Y C , Widiawati  , Rusdiyana E
Published: May 2021

This program aims (1) to produce interactive extension media design in pandemic time, (2) to produce agricultural extension media in helping community service, particularly about the utilization of family medicinal plants to students. Data were analyzed using the triangulation technique. The result of the research video-based extension design about the introduction of the family medicinal plant using combined text (letter), image, sound, and color in the form of animation video supported with direct delivery using zoom and google meeting applications.The evaluation result show level of interest for text very interesting 16,67%, interesting 73,33%, quite interesting 6,67%, less interesting 3,33%; level of interest for image very interesting 23,33%, interesting 76,67%; level of interest for sound very interesting 10%, interesting 80%, quite interesting 10%; and level of interest for color very interesting 6,67%, interesting 63,33%, quite interesting 30%.
The potency of plant resistance inducers (PRIs) against bacterial wilt disease on tobacco caused by Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Nadhira N E , Wahyuni I D , Addy H S
Published: May 2021

The tobacco plant (Nicotiana tobaccum L) is one of the most valuable crops in Jember, Indonesia. One of the destructive diseases of tobacco is bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Plant resistance inducer (PRI) agents such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, flagella, and salicylic acid are known to have the potency to control plant pathogens by inducing a mechanism of resistance in the plant. However, there is still no study comparing their effectiveness in controlling bacterial wilt disease. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of each PRI in controlling tobacco bacterial wilt disease. The molecular assay using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) confirmed that FTb4 bacteria is R. solanacearum and used either as inoculum or as a PRI flagella source. In addition, P. fluorescens IC1 was isolated from a pepper plant rhizosphere in Jember. PRIs (Isolate IC1, FTb4 flagella, and salicylic acid) were applied to control bacterial wilt disease. In vivo results showed that treatment of PRIs with medium-resistant criteria at 7 days before pathogen inoculation successfully suppressed disease incidence up to 90-93 % and disease severity up to 33.33 %. Usage of PRIs on tobacco plants increased peroxidase activity and total phenol production, indicating that PRIs induced plant resistance.
Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical mastitis of Peranakan Ettawa goat in Pekanbaru
Authors: Widianingrum D C , Salasia S I O
Published: May 2021

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causing mastitis needs to be identified as the basis of treatment. This study aimed to characterize S. aureus isolated from Peranakan Ettawa (PE) goat’s milk in Pekanbaru. A total of 50 milk samples were collected from the Farm in Pekanbaru. Based on the cultural and biochemical properties and the amplification of the 23S rRNA, coa, and nuc genes, eight isolates (53.33%) could be identified as& aureus. The characterization of S. aureus based on the fermenting of Mannitol Salt Agar media, positive for Voges-Proskauer, catalase, and coagulase tests. The abilities of S. aureus isolated from goats to form p-hemolysis on blood agar plates, agglutinate rabbit blood, compact formed colonies in the Soft Serum Agar (SSA) test indicates the pathogen of the isolates to host.
An Improved Design of a Swirl Distortion Generator
Authors: Lu-ning Feng , Bang-qin Cheng , Jia-le Wang , Jun LI , Xiao-wen Fei
Published: May 2021

In order to study the effect of swirl distortion on the performance and stability of the compressor, this paper optimizes the design of the existing swirl distortion generator, and designs three different structures of pair swirl distortion generator. Using CFD technology, a comparative analysis of the standard pair swirl distortion flow fields and the pair swirl distortion flow fields produced by three newly designed swirl distortion generators and the existing pair swirl distortion generator is performed. The results show that the optimally designed distortion generator reproduces the standard pair swirl distortion flow field to a higher degree than existing distortion generators. On the three measurement rings, the average swirl angle error is reduced by 5.35%, 19.88%, and 8.22%. The total pressure recovery coefficient is increased by 2.2%, which proves that the design method in this paper is more reasonable and achieves the purpose of optimal design.
Developing composites of zinc and hydroxyapatite for degradable orthopedic implant applications
Authors: Mahesh P.V.S. , Akhil S. , Chiranjeevi P. , Sivaji Y. , Kondaiah V.V. , Rao M. Ananda , Dumpala Ravikumar , Sunil B. Ratna
Published: May 2021

In the present work, Zn-HA composites were developed by powder metallurgy route targeted for bone implant applicaitons. Zn-HA powders with varying HA content (1, 2, and 4 wt.%) were ball milled for 1 hr and sintered to produce composite compacts. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were done for all the ball milled powders and sintered compacts. No impurities were observed in the ball milled powders. Microstructural observations revealed the formation of lamellar structure in the composites due to the plastic deformation of the Zn powders during ball milling. Grain size measurements revealed the decreased grain size with increase of addition of HA. Furthermore, aspect ratio (length to thickness ratio) of the grains was measured and found that the aspect ratio was also decreased with the increased HA content. Higher microhardness was measured for all the composites compared with pure Zn. However, composite with 1% has shown higher hardness compared with the remaining composites. Form the preliminary observations, it can be concluded that Zn-HA composites can be successfully produced with lamellar morphology by ball milling followed by sintering for biomedical applications with increased hardness.
Nanotechnology: an approach for water purification-review
Authors: Sharma Rama
Published: May 2021

Clean water is the global need and need of life for all the human kinds. But the clean water resources are being contaminated in present time. Nanotechnology is an easy and practical approach to clean waste water by using different methods. Different types of bacteria, toxic chemicals like arsenic, mercury etc., and sediments can be removed by using nanotechnology. Nanomaterial based devices are being used for water purification. Nano filtration method has advantages over other conventional method as low pressure is required to pass the water through filters and these filters can be cleaned easily by back flushing. Smooth interior of carbon nanotubes make them convenient for the removal of almost all types of water contaminants. Because of larger surface area nanostructured materials have advantages over conventional micro structured materials.
Review based on the absorber plate coating for solar air heater applications
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Verma Sujit
Published: May 2021

The critical review presents the development of the solar selective coating on the absorber plate used for solar air heater. Absorber plate coatings directly convert the solar energy into heat. Different type of solar selective coating is therefore developed with high solar absorptance (α) and low emittance (ε).A critical investigation is done on the absorber plate metal multi-layers and nanomaterial based coating and resulting performance enhancement. This review reports the similarities in the result through in depth discussion on different type of parameters which can affect the solar air heater performance. Analysis was performed and reviewed here to rationalize and eventually explain the complex behaviors of spectrally selective coating. Based on a systematic review by many researches of published works, coating improves the heat absorbing characteristics for the absorber of SAH.
A Review on: Effect of controllable factor on Material removal rate and surface roughness during WEDM
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Viyat Varun Upadhyay
Published: May 2021

wire EDM is a variant of electric discharge machining process that is widely accepted contact less type machining process for hard material to generate convolute and complex contour. It uses energy generated because of electric discharge between a continuously moving wire and work piece resulting disintegration of material from parental material. Surface generated by process have great quality and precision. In this article author discussed current trend in field of wire cut electric discharge machining while discussing finding by latest published paper by journal of repute. Authors discussed science behind pattern of effect of various controllable factor on target or required quality characteristic that include rate of material being removed, surface roughness, width of kerf because of wire travelling etc. A brief of different factor on machining rate is discussed along with future possibilities in field of machining using WEDM.
Simulated Analysis of Using Artificial Neural Network to Identify Fake Images Based on Metadata
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: May 2021

Many phony pictures are spreading through advanced media these days. Identification of such phony pictures is unavoidable for the revealing of the picture based cybercrimes. Fashioning pictures what’s more, recognizing such pictures are promising examination territories in this advanced time. The altered pictures are an identified utilizing neural organize which additionally perceives the locales of the picture that have been controlled and uncovers the sections of the first picture. It tends to be actualized on Android stage and subsequently made accessible to normal clients. The pressure proportion of the remote content in a phony picture is not the same as that of the first picture and is recognized utilizing Error Level Analysis. Another include utilized alongside pressure proportion is picture metadata. Despite the fact that it is conceivable to change metadata content creation it inconsistent all alone, here it is utilized as a supporting parameter for mistake level examination choice.
An Improved Hand Gesture Recognition Algorithm based on image contours to Identify the American Sign Language
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: May 2021

It is an open era of research to provide the assistance communication to hearing and visually impaired people. For the same, this paper proposed a recognition and classification of hand gesture to identify the correct denotation with maximum accurateness for standard American Sign Language. The proposal intelligently used the information based on image contours to identify the character’s representation of hand gesture. The proposal optimizes the performance overhead through identifications of 17 characters and 6 symbols based on image contours and convexity measurement of Standard American Sign Language without using complex algorithms and specialized hardware devices. Accuracy measurement done through simulation, which shows how our proposal provide more accuracy with minimum complexity in comparison to other state-of-art works.
Numerical Simulation of Temperature Distribution in Robotic Arc welding by ARISTOTM Robot
Authors: Sharma Aman , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Rohit
Published: May 2021

The present analyses also studied a numerical simulation on the specimen of mild steel weld by robotic welding. A conical moving temperature source from Gaussian was applied to the current numerical simulation. ANSYS is also used for thermally mechanical weld tests by the ARISTO robot, with some variations. Taking into consideration the thermal and physical properties of mild steel that affect the welding thermal conductivity. The analysis of temperature distribution was defined according to robotic arc welding process parameters, such as welding temperature, welding current, and welding speed impact on the geometry of the weld bead was investigated. The temperature distribution based on numerical observations is associated with experiment results. This form is well in line with the results obtained by numerical simulation of the weld zone profile.
Bayesian K-Nearest Neighbour based Redundancy Removal and Hand Gesture Recognition in Isolated Indian Sign Language without Materials Support
Authors: Agarwal Rohit
Published: May 2021

Indian sign language is used by deaf and dumb persons for communication. Physical materials are not needed for ISL. During this anticipated paper we tend to propose a unique vision-based (VB) methodology for the Indian language (ISL) recognition of isolated signs. The methodology proposed consists of 3 modules: preprocessing, extraction and classification of features. One signer hand is segmented from sign video in segmentation or preprocessing phase. Feature vector is extracted from feature extraction module and show the manual sign parameters used as input for classification. To decrease the computational complexity of the system, a redundant frame algorithmic rule has been applied. The experiment results demonstrate that proposed system achieves 90.3% recognition accuracy based on a lexicon of twenty-one signs of ISL.
Prediction of students’ performance in education system based on artificial intelligence
Authors: Pathak Pooja , Farheen Nazia , Dubey Avinash
Published: May 2021

The main objective of any educational system is to provide the best knowledge to students. To achieve this goal this is important to identify the weak students who need more support and take correct decisions to improve their performance. In this research for predicting the students’ performance, four techniques of machine learning are used. For this technique, we take the data from computer science students of GLA University, Mathura, U.P. INDIA. These machine learning techniques include various processes such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression, and Decision Tree. In this model, we put more efforts to know the time attended by the students on the internet for learning and social media. Also, various measurements have been done such as precision, F measure, recall, and classification errors. We used the dataset for building a model depending upon the survey that given to the all-computer science students and grade copy of students. The decision tree identified four main attributes that influence the performance of students a lot. This helps us to achieve an accurate prediction of around 98%.
A Deep Learning Approach for Plant Material Disease Identification
Authors: Tripathi R K
Published: May 2021

Plant Material Disease Identification is essential for the food safety. To increase the crop production for the growing population of the world, the proper treatment is required on proper time to save the plant. Therefore, disease diagnosing on time is very important. This paper uses a deep learning convolutional neural network model to identify the plant disease. The pre-existing deep learning model Alexnet has been employed for plant disease identification in which an external feature of segmented plant material (leaves) is passed to the deepest fully connected layer. This combination of extracted feature by Alexnet and external feature of segmented plant material helps in plant disease identification. Experimental analysis has been done on a standard dataset Plant Village which has total 54,306 leaf images of 15 distinct plants having 38 diseases. The presented CNN approach worked well and outperformed to the existing approach.
Investigation of the impact of eco-friendly building materials on carbon footprints of an affordable housing in hilly region
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Kumar Shubham , Gupta Nakul , Pal Shilpa
Published: May 2021

Increasing emission of carbon di-oxide in the atmosphere is becoming one of the greatest threats to the humans and the society. The combustion of fossil fuels and the manufacturing process of cement are responsible for around 75% increases in the CO2 emissions. It has become important to monitor and control the greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The carbon footprint is one such concept which is becoming popular over past few years. It helps in evaluation of mitigation measures and emissions management by identifying the important sources of greenhouse gas emissions and reducing their efficiency. In spite of development of various types of eco-friendly materials, the construction industry uses traditional materials that contribute largely to carbon emissions. This case study based research focuses to identify and quantify the carbon emissions of the most commonly used materials for construction in India. A physical model of low energy affordable house for hilly region has been constructed at CBRI Roorkee by replacing the traditionally used building materials with the eco-friendly greener materials. The carbon footprints of these eco-friendly materials were calculated using Process Analysis-LCA technique and then compared with the traditionally used building materials. The initial carbon footprint was estimated to be 4.17 tonnes of CO2 that was reduced to 3.95 tonnes, resulting in reduction of carbon footprint by 5.3%. Therefore eco-friendly greener materials can effectively help in reducing the carbon footprint of the traditionally used building materials in construction.
Experimental study of the effect of bacillus megaterium bacteria on cement concrete
Authors: Parashar Arun Kumar , Gupta Ankur
Published: May 2021

The presence of voids in cement concrete may lead to a reduction in its performance when exposed to high shrinkage and settlement. This study focused on utilization of bacteria for improving the performance by reducing the voids in the concrete. Bacillus family bacteria were found to be the great healers for the concrete. Bacillus megaterium bacteria of bacillus family with a concentration of 108 CFU have been utilized in the current study. A total of 48 specimens were cast and tested for their mechanical strength and water absorption after 7 and 28 days of curing. The test results indicate that the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths increased to 12.91%, 10.28% and 9.02% respectively after 28 days of curing as compared to standard M30 grade concrete mix. The water absorption value of bacterial concrete was also found to be less as compared to the standard concrete mix. This is because of the filling of the cracks in concrete due to calcite precipitation produced by the Bacillus megaterium bacteria. Therefore, the Bacillus megaterium bacteria of bacillus family can be effectively utilized to improve the mechanical strength by reducing the voids.
Automatic Car License Plate Detection System: A Review
Authors: Singh Sweta
Published: May 2021

Automatic license detection system is an essential system in today’s busy traffic system. It helps in automatic monitoring of traffic rules and other law enforcement activities. In India there are many cases of rash driving where in cars violating many traffic rules. It becomes very difficult for traffic policeman to capture the details of the vehicle. Thus, automatic license detection system have been proposed and implemented over the years to help easy and fast monitoring of traffic rules by the vehicles. This paper provides a concise review of various approaches used for automatic license detection system. These approaches can be broadly categorized into two categories: Techniques for automatic car number plate recognition and Techniques for character recognition. This paper also provides advantages and disadvantages of various approaches coming under these categories. Finally, the paper concludes with the comparative result analysis of all approaches reviewed under both the categories.
Surfactant effect in the thermal performance of a two-phase thermosyphon using Al2O3 nanofluid
Authors: Cacua Karen , Buitrago-Sierra Robison , Herrera Bernardo , Gallego Anderson , Pabón Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effect on the thermal performance of a two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) during operation cycles using nanofluids. Al2O3 (0.1 wt.%) based nanofluids with two concentrations of SDBS (0.032 wt.% and 0.064 wt.%) were prepared via two-step method. Stability after nanofluids preparation was evaluated using visual inspection, UV-spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Nanofluids with and without surfactant were used as working fluid in a glass TPCT. Results show that the TPCT thermal resistance was decreased up to 20% respect to water by the presence of nanoparticles and surfactant. A dried limit with water as working fluid was observed and fluid expansion was identified with surfactant presence. Differences in thermal efficiency and temperature profiles using nanofluids with and without surfactant and only surfactant-water as working fluids in TPCT were not significative. However, in evaporator zone, a slight increase of the thermal resistance was identified when surfactant was added. After TPCT operation with nanofluids, nanoparticles agglomeration and sedimentation were observed and a layer on the evaporator surface was observed.
Water desalination and power cogeneration utilizing heat pipe heat exchanger
Authors: Velardo J , Searle J , Nihill J , Date A , Akbarzadeh A
Published: May 2021

Energy production in Australia is predominantly achieved with non-renewable sources such as coal and natural gas, with up to 86% of national energy being produced by these processes. Further, access to fresh water is fast becoming an issue in the harsh Australian climate. This paper proposes a novel design capable of producing electrical energy and desalinating water using only waste heat from industrial processes. A finned heat pipe heat exchanger plays an integral role in this process, extracting heat from a low-medium temperature waste heat stream and passing it through a thermoelectric generator and evaporative water desalination unit. Preliminary experimentation on this system showed that different desalination loop configurations played a large role in the desalination ability of the system, however had negligible effect on the thermal to electrical conversion efficiency of the system. When a closed loop system was used, the recovery ratio of the desalination unit reached 4% at the highest waste heat temperature. In the open loop configuration, the recovery ratio was below 1% for all tested inputs. The thermal to electrical conversion efficiency of this system was also measured and a value of about 1.2% was determined for most cases. Thus the ability of this novel system to both produce useful electrical energy and desalinate water was proven.
Unconventional and Irregular Clustered Arrays
Authors: Abdulqader Ahmed Jameel , Ramadhan Mohammed Jafar , Thaher Raad H.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, two different structures based on fully and partially irregular clustered elements are presented to optimize the radiation patterns of the large arrays. In the Fully Irregular Clustered Elements (FICE) structure, all the elements of an ordinarily large linear array are divided into multiple irregular and unequal-size clusters, while in the Partially Irregular Clustered Elements (PICE) structure, only the elements those located at the edges of the ordinarily linear array are grouped into unequal-size clusters. In this structure, the central elements are left without clustering (i.e., excited individually). The PICE structure has several advantages over the FICE structure. Since the quantized amplitudes (i.e., discrete distribution) are used with the proposed clustered structures, the corresponding clustered array patterns are usually associated with the undesirable high periodic sidelobes. In order to overcome this problem, the elements in the clusters are distributed a periodically. Simulation results demonstrate the ability of the proposed two structures, FICE and PICE, to significantly reduce the high periodic sidelobe level to -35dB and -40dB respectively for an array with a number of elements N=100 and unequal-size clusters.