bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust COVID-19 Vaccine Responses Despite Filarial Co-Infection: Insights from a Lymphatic Filariasis Cohort in Ghana
Authors: Meyer Julia , Nadal Jennifer , Batsa Debrah Linda , Debrah Alexander Yaw , Osei-Mensah Jubin , Adu-Mensah Derrick , Korir Patricia Jebett , Kuehlwein Janina M , Klarmann-Schulz Ute , Hoerauf Achim , Adjobimey Tomabu
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Although the COVID-19 pandemic has largely concluded, the varied trajectories it has followed in different regions of the world remain incompletely understood. Intensive research is needed to fully grasp its course and the implications for future global health challenges. Notably, the milder trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa has defied initial predictions. An emerging body of evidence suggests that, in addition to the continent's younger average age and the lower prevalence of relevant comorbidities, co-infections with helminths may have also impressively shaped the pandemic's milder trajectory in the region. Indeed, helminths are renowned for their ability to modulate human immune responses, which, while potentially beneficial in limiting excessive inflammation, could also diminish vaccine efficacy and impede viral clearance. This study investigated different aspects of the intricate interactions between COVID-19 and Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), a helminth infection caused by parasitic worms such as Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori and endemic to various regions in Sub-Saharan Africa and the tropics. Methods: For this purpose, samples were collected from 222 individuals from endemic areas of Ghana, along with comprehensive clinical and demographic data. The samples include LF patients (n=222) grouped according to their Lymphoedema (LE) stages, as well as COVID-19 vaccinated (n=81) and non-vaccinated individuals (n=141). The expressions of SARS-CoV-2 and filarial-specific antibodies (IgG, IgA) were accessed using ELISA, while Luminex-based immunoassays were employed to measure the expression of SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific neutralizing antibodies. The interplay between vaccine responses, and demographic factors was analyzed using group comparisons with the Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results indicate that a remarkable portion of unvaccinated individuals (56% IgA seropositive, 39% IgG seropositive) developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 despite no confirmed infection. Notably, the study identified a robust antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination, which was independent of the degree of LF pathology or parasitic status. An important observation was the reduced SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in individuals seropositive for Ascaris lumbricoides (p=0.0264), highlighting an interaction between roundworm infection and COVID-19. Conclusion: The study concludes that while COVID-19 vaccination triggers a strong immune response in LF patients, filarial seropositivity might influence the immunogenicity and clinical outcomes of COVID-19, emphasizing the complexity of infectious disease dynamics in co-infected populations.
Fine Tuning and Efficient Quantization for Optimization of Diffusion Models
Authors: Singh Gurneet , Kumar Pranjal
Published: February 2025

Diffusion models have emerged as a critical component in the domain of deep generative models for image synthesis. However, the substantial computational demands of their practical deployment limit the viability of developing next-generation machine learning algorithms. This paper presents an optimization strategy that includes quantization, fine-tuning, and inference techniques to improve the effectiveness of diffusion models. It also discusses identifying and reducing particular training bottlenecks. By means of thorough testing and assessment, the suggested enhancements are methodically compared with baseline models. While preserving similar image quality, the optimization methods show improved computational efficiency. This advancement makes it easier to create diffusion models that are more precise and scalable, enabling wider uses in computer vision and related domains.
Key Points on Fungal Allergens and Mold Allergy
Authors: Antonella Chesca A.
Published: February 2025

Immunology is a branch of medicine that studies the immune system and its pathology. There are known scientific informations, that in medical immunology specific tests performed in the laboratory for diagnosis. In addition good to mention that allergies include medical diagnostic methods such as blood tests. Also there are used for detection the presence and the levels of IgE antibodies. These antibodies are produced by the human immune system in contact with certain allergens. Examples of allergens include for example pollen, house dust, some herbs or molds, some animals and certain foods. If a person has an allergy, their immune system overreacts to an allergen by producing antibodies, called Immunoglobulin E (IgE). Currently within the present describtion aim to discuss some aspects reffering to fungal allergen and mold allergy diagnosis, in a briefly following steps of our purposed shortly review.
The Neurobiological Complexity of Brain Dynamics: The Neurogliovascular Unit and its Relevance for Psychiatry
Authors: Turkheimer Federico , Hancock Fran , Rosas Fernando , Vernon Anthony , Srivastava Deepak , Luppi Andrea
Published: February 2025

Modern neuroscience understands the brain as a complex system whose functional properties are determined by the myriads of interactions of its cellular components. In the difficult route to obtain better understanding of this organ, mathematical tools have become ever more effective, and we are now able to simulate the dynamics of brain signals from digital representations that have high fidelity to experimental data. However, these simulations are generated by inherently simple neuronal models that contain assumptions that, by necessity, can be at times far removed from the underlying neurobiology. Here we develop an integrated view of brain dynamics that describes how the neurovascular units — made of neurons, capillaries and glia — collectively determine the development of the functional properties of brain neuronal populations and maintain their homeostatic control. These interactions are instructed by genetic programmes modulated by local environmental conditions. These complexities can be integrated into generative models and supply helpful analytics able to link the observable data to neurobiological entities if detailed brain mappings of molecular and cellular components are available. We further highlight how the development of these generative models could be relevant to the understanding of psychiatric conditions.
Non-Linear Synthetic Time Series Generation for EEG Data
Using LSTM Models
Authors: AL-QAYSI BAKR RASHID , Zurera Manuel Rosa , AL-DUJAILI ALI ABDULAMEER
Published: February 2025

The implementation of artificial intelligence-based systems for disease detection using biomedical signals is challenging due to the limited availability of training data. The ability to synthetically augment training datasets is therefore crucial. This paper proposes using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to learn long-term dependencies in non-linear time series, and subsequently employing the trained model to generate synthetic signals for improved training of detection systems. Linear models, such as AR, MA, or ARMA statistical models, are often inadequate due to the inherent non-linearity of the time series. The original data consist of Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings.
Critical analysis of Portuguese and European Union soil legislation based on information available in the SoiLEX database
Authors: Leite Carolina Barreto
Published: February 2025

The European Green Deal pursues to make Europe the world's first carbon-neutral continent, and United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15 seeks neutrality towards land degradation. Soil requires adequate protection and preservation, being a depletable natural resource, which, is relevant to move its management to an environmentally conscious framework. Soil supplies food regulates water and nutrient cycles, and healthy soils store carbon. Its ecosystem services are under pressure, making it difficult to maintain its health and preserve biodiversity. Despite existing legal instruments, soil degradation is on ascent and mostly addressed indirectly in the EU governance measures, without yet one harmonized soil legislation. The aim of this study is to carry out a critical analysis of Portuguese and European Union soil legislation, based on the information available in the SoiLEX database. In this way, it proposes to verify the contributions of that legislation to the soil, regarding, particularly, soils threats that are listed at this database. Subsequently, a SWOT analysis was carried out for each soil legislation, and it was found that there are more Portuguese legislative acts that make indirect reference to the threats of soil, and none reference to soil acidification or, in vague mode, to soil salinization. European Union legislative acts, makes more direct reference to the SoiLEX database threats of soil, but it still does indirect reference to some soil threats. There aren´t any direct or indirect reference to salinization, compaction and acidification of soil. All those “invisible threats” should be directly referred at the new soil directive to be done.
Damping of Liquid Sloshing Using Hydrophobic Walls in the Off-Impulse Regime
Authors: Cruz-Gómez R. C. , Cros Anne , Monzon Cesar O. , Capetillo-Perez L. E.
Published: February 2025

In this experimental work, sloshing tests were performed with containers filled 1 with water at 50% of their volume capacity. Two boundary conditions were considered: un- 2 coated containers and containers with hydrophobic coated walls such as in [1]. In addition, 3 several aspect ratios λ (container width over length) were considered. We characterized two 4 regimes: the first one when the container is periodically forced at a frequency lower than its 5 resonant frequency and the second one after the forcing is suddenly stopped. In each case, 6 the amplitude of the waves was measured. Several surprising results were found. First, in 7 the forced regime, the sloshing amplitude was lower in the hydrophobic containers than in 8 the nonhydrophobic walls, despite the free-slip condition in the former case. Second, the 9 free damping after sudden stoppage was much higher with the hydrophobic walls than 10 with the uncoated containers. This behavior is explained by the collision of waves with 11 oil-coated walls, which decreases the load pressure. Finally, it was found that the damping 12 depends on the dimension of the container through λ and is greater when λ = 1.0. These 13 experimental findings open the way for further innovative research.
Unveiling a Therapeutic Breakthrough: Baricitinib in the Treatment of Acute and Recurrent Pustulosis Associated with Atopic Dermatitis – A Case Report, Literature Review, and Novel Clinical Insights
Authors: Brănișteanu Daciana Elena , Munteanu Cătălina Anca , Brănișteanu Daniel Constantin , Colac-Botoc Cristina , Ciobanu Roxana Paraschiva , Clivet Antonia Elena , Onu-Branisteanu Catalina , Stoleriu Gabriela , Endres Laura , Cojocaru Elena , Toader Stefan
Published: February 2025

Acute and recurrent pustulosis (ARP), previously known as actinic folliculitis, superficial actinic folliculitis or even acne aestivalis, is a rare, underdiagnosed dermatological condition characterized by the sudden onset of monomorphic pustular eruptions on an erythematous background localised predominantely on the upper body. While typically associated with sun exposure, ARP can also be triggered by other factors, such as heat or sweating, underscoring its multifactorial etiology. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman with ARP, presenting diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical features and the coexistence of atopic dermatitis (AD), an association not previously documented in the literature. The patient exhibited recurrent pustular episodes localized on sun-exposed and non-exposed areas, unresponsive to conventional therapies. Comprehensive microbiological, histopathological, and clinical assessments excluded infectious, drug-induced, and other inflammatory pustular dermatoses, confirming the diagnosis of ARP. Importantly, treatment with baricitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor primarily prescribed for AD, resulted in marked improvement in both conditions, suggesting shared inflammatory pathways. This therapeutic response highlights the potential role of JAK inhibitors in ARP management, particularly in cases resistant to standard interventions. This report also proposes the inclusion of heat- and sweat-induced ARP as a distinct subtype, expanding the understanding of its diverse triggers beyond UV radiation. Furthermore, it underscores the need for standardized diagnostic criteria and a structured approach to differential diagnosis, given the condition’s underdiagnosed and often misinterpreted nature. By shedding light on the clinical and therapeutic aspects of ARP, this case contributes to a more nuanced understanding of this rare entity and its potential interplay with inflammatory skin disorders such as AD.
The Clinical Role of miRNAs in the Development and Treatment of Glioblastoma
Authors: Epistolio Samantha , Spina Paolo , Zaed Ismail , Cardia Andrea , Marchi Francesco , Frattini Milo
Published: February 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common brain tumour and one of the most aggressive, with a median overall survival (OS) of only 15-18 months. These characteristics make it necessary to identify new targets for the improvement of prognosis and better prediction of response to therapies currently available for GBM patients. One possible candidate target could be the evaluation of miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Due to their functions, miRNAs also control biological processes underlying the development of GBM and may be considered as possible targets with a clinical role. This narrative review aims to introduce the concept of miRNAs in GBM from a clinical and a molecular perspective, and then addresses the specific miRNAs that are most described in the literature as relevant for the development, the prognosis and the response to therapies for patients affected by GBM.
A Novel Prognostic Signature of Mitophagy-Related E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Breast Cancer
Authors: Bian Kangjing , Yang Chihyu , Zhang Feng , Huang Lei
Published: February 2025

Mitophagy plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial quality and cellular homeostasis. But the specific contribution of mitophagy-related E3 ubiquitin ligases to prognosis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a novel mitophagy-related E3 ubiquitin ligases prognostic signature using least absolute shrinkage and selector operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analyses in breast cancer. Based on median risk scores, patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the biological differences between the two groups. Immune infiltration, drug sensitivity, and mitochondrial-related phenotypes were also analyzed to evaluate the clinical implications of the model. A four-gene signature (ARIH1, SIAH2, UBR5, and WWP2) was identified and Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the high-risk group had significantly worse overall survival (OS). High-risk patients exhibited disrupted mitochondrial metabolism and immune dysregulation with upregulated immune checkpoint molecules. Additionally, high-risk group exhibited higher sensitivity to several drugs targeting at Akt/PI3K/mTORC1 signaling axis. Accompanying mitochondrial metabolic dysregulation, mtDNA stress was elevated, contributing to the activation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the high-risk group. In conclusion, the identified signature provides a robust tool for risk stratification and offers insights into the interplay between mitophagy, immune modulation, and therapeutic responses for breast cancer.
A Note on Generalized Parabolic Marcinkiewicz Integrals with Grafakos-Stefanov Kernels
Authors: Al-Qassem Hussain , Ali Mohammed
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on studying the generalized Marcinkiewicz integral operators with mixed homogeneity. Under the Grafakos-Stefanov condition on their kernel functions, the Lp boundedness of these operators is established. The main results generalize and improve some previously known results.
Enhancing Railway Track Intervention Planning: Accounting for Component Interactions and Evolving Failure Risks
Authors: Mehranfar Hamed , Adey Bryan T. , Moghtadernejad Saviz , Fecarotti Claudia
Published: February 2025

This manuscript proposes a methodology to leverage digitalisation to efficiently generate an overview of required condition-based railway track interventions, possession windows, and expected costs for railway networks at the beginning of the intervention planning process. The consistent and efficient generation of such an overview not only helps track managers in their decision-making, but also facilitates the discussion among other decision-makers in later phases of the track intervention planning process, including line planners, capacity managers, and project managers. The methodology uses data of different levels of detail, discrete state modelling for uncertain deterioration of components, and component-level intervention strategies. It dynamically updates the condition estimates of components by capturing the interaction between deteriorating components using Bayesian filters. It also estimates the risks associated with different types of potential service losses that may occur due to sudden events using fault trees as a function of time and the condition of components. An implementation of the methodology is done for a 25 km regional railway network in Switzerland. The results suggest that the methodology has the potential to help track managers early in the intervention planning process. In addition, it is argued that the methodology will lead to improvements in the efficiency of the planning process, improvements in the scheduling of preventive interventions, and the reduction in corrective intervention costs upon the implementation in a digital environment.
The Road to the Mine of the Future: Autonomous Collaborative Mining
Authors: Ruiz-del-Solar Javier
Published: February 2025

The automation of mining mobile equipment is a topic of considerable interest, as it has the potential to significantly reduce the number of accidents and implement the so-called zero-entry mining concept, which would eliminate the need for any human presence on the mine site. Nevertheless, the current state of robotics and automation technology does not yet meet the requirements for the implementation of fully autonomous operations in mines. Autonomous mining equipment continues to operate under the supervision of humans, and a considerable number of mining equipment have not yet been automated. This indicates the necessity of identifying novel strategies to increase the safety of mining operations through the utilization of robotics and automation technologies. One potential solution to address this challenge is to increase the involvement of humans in autonomous mining operations. This could entail integrating human decision-makers into the decision-making loops of autonomous mining equipment. To this end, we propose the paradigm of autonomous collaborative mining, wherein humans and autonomous machines work together in a collaborative manner to increase the safety and efficiency of mining operations. We analyze the enabling factors required to implement this paradigm and present the case of autonomous loading using LHDs based on the autonomous collaborative mining paradigm.
Advancing the WEFE Nexus Approach with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Standardization Refinements
Authors: Vasović Dejan , Vranjanac Žarko , Radjenović Tamara , Živković Snežana , Janaćković Goran
Published: February 2025

Water, energy, food, and ecosystem (WEFE) components constitute fundamental dimensions contributing to human well-being, poverty alleviation, and sustainable development. Despite the prevalent specialization among WEFE professionals, there is a lack of multidisciplinary approaches in their work, with limited attention given to carbon footprint management. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore the potential role of standardization and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) in implementing the WEFE approach within the food sector. The research entails a comprehensive examination of ISO 22000 certifications in Balkan countries, coupled with an analysis of ISO 14067 standard and its alignment with food safety requirements. Finally, the study proposes a novel MCDA framework for integrating food safety considerations with criteria and indicators aimed at addressing both food safety and carbon footprint management. A hierarchical structure composed of influential criteria and factors was used to rank activities in sustainable, preferably carbon-neutral food production. Group decision-making was applied in the fuzzy domain using triangular numbers, and the influence of experts was determined based on their experience. Practical recommendations and an integrative framework are provided, drawing on key insights to identify critical indicators for addressing biases in food safety and carbon footprint management.
AT1 Receptor Blockade as a Neuroprotective Strategy in ADHD: A Hypothesis on the Role of Neuroinflammation and the Renin-Angiotensin System
Authors: Altable Marcos
Published: February 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric condition that affects a significant percentage of the child and adult population. Although it has traditionally been associated with dysfunctions in the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, emerging evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) could play crucial roles in its pathophysiology. Chronic activation of the AT1 receptor by an excess of angiotensin II (Ang II), mediated by a low-grade inflammatory state associated with ADHD and potentiated by the use of psychostimulants such as methylphenidate, may contribute to the neurocognitive dysfunction seen in ADHD. It is proposed that AT1 receptor antagonists (ARA-II) may act as neuroprotectors, reducing neuroinflammation, modulating dopaminergic neurotransmission and improving executive function in these patients. Activation of the AT1 receptor increases neuroinflammation through the activation of microglia and the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This generates oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Blocking the AT1 receptor with ARA-II would divert Ang II towards the production of angiotensin-(1-7), favouring the activation of the MasR receptor with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. If this hypothesis is confirmed, the use of ARBs could represent an innovative approach in the treatment of ADHD, not only reducing the cardiovascular side effects of psychostimulants but also improving cognitive function through modulation of RAAS and reducing neuroinflammation. Preclinical studies and controlled clinical trials are required to evaluate this possibility.
Investigation of Energy Efficiency and Decarbonization due to Transition to Virtual Space
Authors: Mannheim Viktoria , Szalay Zsuzsa , Sándor Renáta Bodnárné , Avató Judit Lovasné , Anita Terjék , Sasvári Péter , István Zsolt , Szilágyi Artúr , Kaczkó Orsolya Szalainé , Szita Klára Tóthné
Published: February 2025

A serious challenge for humanity is to find an adequate response to stop the accelerating global temperature increase caused by atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions. The question arises regarding how robust international objectives and climate change-fighting decarbonization can be achieved. After a methodological review of the literature, as well as online and in-person modelling for education, work, and conferences, based on the results of studies with a life cycle approach, we searched for the answer to what reasonable solution options are available for decarbonization and energy reduction. During the research, the organizational carbon footprint of a selected office, educational institution and conference, and then the carbon footprint created by one person in 1 hour were examined. The two-day online education significantly reduced the load of the daily commute by 402 tons of CO2 equivalent annually in transportation, but the energy demand of learning at home takes away 136 tons of this, so the real profit is the mentioned 266 tons. Based on work-related research, it can be concluded that remote work can really have a positive effect on the environment. However, it depends on many other factors and the extent of their utilization. In the case of conferences, reducing travel can reduce a carbon footprint. This can be done online when the most significant savings can be achieved.
Screening Hospitalized Pregnant Women for Possible Distress: A Comparison of the Clinical Usefulness of Two Screening Measures
Authors: Della Vedova Anna Maria , Bani Chiara , Capretti Margherita , Lucariello Silvia , Simonetti Rita , Pelamatti Serena , Beretta Emanuela
Published: February 2025

Pregnancy is a period of great complexity and potential psychological vulnerability which may increase in unfavorable conditions, such as hospitalization. Therefore, ear-ly identification of emotional, anxious or depressive difficulties is important in terms of maternal and fetal well-being. International guidelines recommend the use of brief screening tools to identify perinatal women for further investigation, but which meas-ure is optimal remains to be clarified. The objective of this study was to compare the Whooley depression questions used together with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2), versus the Matthey Generic Mood Questionnaire (MGMQ), to evaluate their concordance in screening results and their clinical usefulness in the hospital setting. 228, hospitalized pregnant women, and some of their partners, completed both ques-tionnaires, and expressed their satisfaction and ease of completion of each. Results showed high similar screen positive rates on both measures, but the screen positive concordance between the two instruments was low (around 50%). The Whooley/GAD-2 missed a significant percentage of women who, on the MGMQ, wished to talk with a professional, or who expressed moderate to high distress. Find-ings suggest that screening is important in hospitalized women, and clinicians should consider the respective merits and possible weaknesses of different screening tools.
Computed Tomography Angiography-Guided Study of the Superficial Femoral Artery Course in the Thigh and Identification of Dangerous Zones for Lateral Femoral Surgical Approaches
Authors: Mertsoy Yılmaz , Kavak Şeyhmus , Şenol Ayhan
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: The superficial femoral artery (SFA) can be injured during the intramedullary femoral nailing procedure with proximal and distal cross fixation performed for proximal femoral fractures and interthorachanteric fractures. This study aims to determine the safe and dangerous zones for SFA in operative interventions on the femoral body and to define the relationship of these zones with femur length and gender. Materials and Methods: Using Computed Tomography Angiography, the relationship between the SFA and the medial shaft of the femur was examined in 160 limbs of 80 patients. The upper and lower cut points of the medial part of the SFA in the sagittal plane were defined. The distance of these points to the adductor tubercle was measured and the ratio of this value to the femur length was calculated. Results: The average distance of the SFA to the adductor tubercle in women was 214.2 ± 25.9 mm at the anterior border of the femur, while in men it was 229.8 ± 26.2 mm (p=0.000). The danger zone length was 85 mm in women and 102 mm in men, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). The average distance of the SFA to the adductor tubercle at the anterior border of the femur was 223.1 ± 27.3 mm, and the average femur length was 374.9 ± 30.2 mm, and a moderate correlation was found between them (r=0.568). Conclusions: When determining the intraoperative danger zone using anatomical reference points in surgical approaches to the femur, variables such as gender and femur length should not be ignored.
Investigating Connectivity Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Novel 3D Bioprinted Model Designed to Quantify Neurite Outgrowth
Authors: Whitehouse Chloe , Bravington Ellie , Patir Anirudh , Wei Wei , Brownlees Janet , He Yufang , Corbett Nicola
Published: February 2025

Here we present a novel 3D bioprinted model of the forebrain cortex designed to quantify neurite outgrowth across a hydrogel bridge. To validate this model, we cultured Alzheimer’s disease (AD) forebrain cortical populations derived from human iPSCs carrying APP (amyloid precursor protein) mutations (K670M/N671L + V717F). Neurite and synapse formation were significantly impaired in 3D AD mutant cultures compared to controls, but this was not replicated in 2D, highlighting deficits in these traditional 2D cell culture models. To investigate the mechanisms underlying impaired neurite outgrowth in 3D and 2D models of AD, we assessed amyloid-β dysfunction, mitochondrial health, and oxidative stress in both conditions. In the 3D model, APP mutant cultures exhibited reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and fragmented networks, indicating dysfunction and potential cellular energy deficits. Additionally, elevated oxidative stress and proteostasis disruption were identified in the 3D AD models as indicators of cellular damage which may be limiting neurite extension. Furthermore, transcriptomic (bulk RNA-Seq) analysis revealed distinct differences in gene expression pathways between 2D and 3D models of AD, suggesting alternate underlying mechanisms of disease pathology between the culture conditions. This study demonstrates the functionality of this novel 3D bioprinted model for quantifying neurite connectivity and in identifying underlying disease mechanisms.
A Post-Synthetic Modification Approach to Expand MIL-101-NH2 Functionalization
Authors: Vigroux Alain , Lherbet Christian , Fabing Isabelle , Barthelemy Marie-Claire , Laurent Christophe , Hoffmann Pascal
Published: February 2025

Considering the importance of organic functionalization of MOFs, we here report a simple, tunable and efficient one-step post-modification procedure for introducing amino and carboxylic groups into the mesoporous metal-organic framework Al- and Cr-MIL-101-NH2 based on its reaction with alkyl bromides. This procedure allows also access to polyfunctionnalized MIL-101 decorated with both carboxylic and primary amino groups. Other chemical functions, such as alcohols and alkynes, were also successfully introduced by this method.
Development of a Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Prediction Model Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database and Machine Learning
Authors: Toriumi Shinya , Shimokawa Komei , Yamamoto Munehiro , Uesawa Yoshihiro
Published: February 2025

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare adverse event associated with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs that can significantly impact quality of life. In this study, we conducted a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Drug Reaction Database System (FAERS) and machine learning to construct a drug prediction model for MRONJ induction based solely on chemical structure information. We analyzed 4,815 drugs from FAERS to assess their association with MRONJ and predict MRONJ-positive and MRONJ-negative drugs. By incorporating 326 chemical structure descriptors, we performed QSAR analysis on 60 positive and 108 negative drugs. Three machine learning algorithms were evaluated along with the number of chemical structure descriptors for QSAR analysis. The optimal MRONJ induction drug prediction model was established using an artificial neural network algorithm and eight chemical structure descriptors (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.778). Among these descriptors, drugs with polar surface area characteristics were identified as potentially linked to MRONJ. This study demonstrates a promising approach for predicting MRONJ risk, which could enhance drug safety assessment and streamline drug screening in clinical and preclinical settings.
History of Use and Interpretation of the Concept of Open Access
Authors: Moskovkin Vladimír
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To explore the history of the use and interpretation of the concept of Open Access prior to the launch of the Open Access movement in 1991. Methodology. To achieve this goal, an in-depth search for publications containing the terms "open access to knowledge", "open access to research", "open access to science", "open access", "open access", etc. was carried out using the analytical and search tools NGram Viewer, Google Books, Google Scholar and The General Index. Findings. The results of a Google Books search of publications showed that the term "open access", including its translations into major European languages, in the sense of access to knowledge, including religious knowledge, was not used in the literature of European languages before the 17th century. It is shown that in English-speaking literature one of the first to use the expression "free and open accefs in the Scripture" was Beverley (1683), and the expression "Free and Open Accesf to all thofe Truths" was used by Oldisworth (1711). The latter expression is very close to the essence of the concept of "open access to scientific knowledge" in its modern understanding. It is shown that the term "open access to knowledge" was first used by the English educator William Ellis (1868). Originality. This is the first study on the prehistory of the Open Access movement to scientific knowledge.
Targeting Gene Transcription Thwarts Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Agris Paul F.
Published: February 2025

Innovative strategies are needed to curb the global health challenge of antibiotic resistance. The World Health Organization predicts that antibiotic resistance could lead to 10 million deaths annually by 2050. Pharmaceutical experience has shown that modest alterations of commonly-used broad-spectrum antibiotics readily elicit resistant strains. Thus, continued simple iterative improvements on current antibiotics are not sustainable. In this brief Review, we discuss traditional strategies of targeting single sites with the goal of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. In comparison, we suggest a a novel strategy that targets multiple sites in single or multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. The task is to exploit the mechanisms by which pathogenic bacteria require genes for transcriptional regulation. Transcription regulatory factors can be manipulated and their functions thwarted to disrupt bacterial viability. Some transcription factors regulate one or more steps in metabolic pathways. Transcription factors are not always proteins, some are small molecule metabolites triggering genetic function through riboswitches and others are RNAs. We describe novel agents discovered with computer simulated docking to an unusual transcription regulatory site in nascent mRNA. These compounds exhibit innovative chemistries and modes of action that inhibit bacterial growth by binding to and blocking critical Gram-positive mRNA functions. Our studies of the tRNA-dependent transcription regulation of amino acid metabolism illustrate the possibilities of novel strategies to inhibit antibiotic-resistant growth and thwart emergence of novel resistant strains.
Impact of Genetic and Climate Factors, Prior to Harvest, on Capsaicinoid and Vitamin C Content in Different Genotypes of Pungent Peppers
Authors: Gyalai Ingrid M , Helyes Lajos , Daood Hussein Gehad , Kovács Flórián , Szarvas Adrenn , Lantos Ferenc
Published: February 2025

Pungent red peppers and chilies are healthy foods or crucial ingredients of modern diets due to their content of bioactive phytochemicals such as carotenoids, tocopherols, capsaicinoids, poly phenols and vitamin C. Production of pungent peppers with outstanding nutritional properties on genetic factors and their interaction with the environments where they are cultivated. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of genotype and climate conditions on the response of capsaicinoids and vitamin C. The extracts of pungent materials and vitamin C were separated and qualitatively determined by HPLC alone or hyphenated with mass spectroscopy. Four genotypes were selected and cultivated under traditional agricultural practices in southern Hungary. The yield properties, and the contents of capsaicinoids and vitamin C were significantly influenced by genetic factors and, to a high extent, by the interaction between genotype x environments. The highest yield of 2.86 ± 0.59 kg/m2 was recorded for the CS variety. The yield was significantly decreased under high precipitation and low air temperature. The highest concentration of capsaicin of 1586-1734 µg/g dwt was found in BHJ variety. The lowest level of 514 µg/g dwt of capsaicin was determined in the CS variety, in which the content significantly increased 772 µg/g dwt with the increase of rainfall and decrease of air temperature in the warmer season 2022. In most cultivars examined capsaicin content negatively responded to change of climate toward higher precipitation and lower temperature except the SZ178, in which the concentration of capsaicinoids stayed insignificantly varied. The amount of vitamin C ranged between 570 and 135 µg/g dwt with the highest content being in the BHJ and the lowest in the REK variety. In most varieties except the REK, vitamin C positively responded to a high and negatively to the reduced levels of precipitation.
Drivers, Barriers, and Innovations in Sustainable Food Consumption: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nichifor Bogdan , Zaiț Luminița , Timiras Laura
Published: February 2025

Sustainable food consumption plays a vital role in mitigating environmental degradation and promoting social and economic wellbeing. Despite a growing interest in sustainability, significant challenges persist in consumer adoption and market integration. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify the dominant motivations, barriers, technological advancements, and corporate initiatives that influence sustainable food consumption. The review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed research published between 2015 and 2024, analyzing patterns across economic, geographic, and socio-behavioral contexts. The findings revealed that health concerns and environmental awareness are the primary drivers of sustainable food consumption, complemented by ethical values, taste perception, and social norms. However, economic constraints, limited product availability, a lack of awareness, and behavioral inertia significantly hinder widespread adoption. Technological advancements, including digital platforms, AI-driven food safety solutions, blockchains for traceability, and alternative proteins, present opportunities to address these challenges. Corporate initiatives such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), fair-trade programs, and eco-labeling further enhance consumer trust and accessibility. This study highlights key research gaps, including cross-cultural variations, long-term behavioral changes, and the impact of digital interventions. A multi-stakeholder approach involving academia, businesses, and policymakers is crucial for developing comprehensive strategies to facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable and resilient food system.
Regression and Forecasting of U.S. Stock Returns Based on LSTM
Authors: Zhou Shicheng , Zhang Zizhou , Zhang Rong , Yin Yuchen , Chang Chia Hong , Shen Qinyan
Published: February 2025

This paper analyses the investment returns of three stock sectors, Manuf, Hitec, and Other, in the U.S. stock market, based on the Fama-French three-factor model, the Carhart four-factor model, and the Fama-French five-factor model, in order to test the validity of the Fama-French three-factor model, the Carhart four-factor model, and the Fama-French five-factor model for the three sectors of the market. French five-factor model for the three sectors of the market. Also, the LSTM model is used to explore the additional factors affecting stock returns. The empirical results show that the Fama-French five-factor model has better validity for the three segments of the market under study, and the LSTM model has the ability to capture the factors affecting the returns of certain industries, and can better regress and predict the stock returns of the relevant industries.
Resolution of Persistent Radicular Leg Pain After Posterior Lumbar Fusion by Filum Terminale Lipoma Resection
Authors: Tatara Yasunori , Nagashima Kiyotaka , Mihara Hisanori
Published: February 2025

Case:

A 79-year-old woman presented with persistent left leg pain following right-sided L4–5 minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Imaging studies revealed residual left L4–5 stenosis, a filum terminale lipoma, and no bone bridging. Additional left L4–5 decompression with reinstrumentation achieved temporary relief, but complete pain resolution was achieved only after sectioning of the filum terminale lipoma causing the tethered cord syndrome.

Conclusion:

Although rare, the coexistence of lumbar spinal stenosis and filum terminale lipoma can occur, and even in cases presenting with radicular leg pain, the potential contribution of the lipoma to the symptomatology should not be dismissed.
Violence, presenteeism and academic absenteeism in LGBTIQ+ university students in Metropolitan Lima
Authors: Mil-Serrano Andrés Yovani , Ruiz Alvarado Inés , Bocanegra Gonzales Sarita Asunción , Guerrero-Alcedo Jesús Manuel
Published: February 2025

The objective was to determine the prevalence and influence of violence on academic absenteeism and absenteeism in LGBTIQ+ university students in Metropolitan Lima and Callao. The methodology included a quantitative, non-experimental and correlational study, in a sample of 178 students, selected in a non-probabilistic snowball type, who met the selection criteria. The «Scale of violence against LGBTIQ+ students perpetrated by members of the university community» and «Academic absenteeism and absenteeism scales» were used, both of which have adequate psychometric properties. An adequate structural model is presented, demonstrating that violence significantly influences academic absenteeism and presenteeism. The results show the presence of psychological violence (40.4%), harassment (39.9%), stalking (20.8%) and sexual violence (12.4%). We conclude with the need to design and implement interventions to reduce violence against LGBTIQ+ university students and mitigate the impact on academic absenteeism and absenteeism.
Escenarios de realidad virtual gamificada y su incidencia en el fomento de la motivación del aprendizaje de la escritura en el contexto universitario
Authors: Navas Gotopo Soratna Verónica , Pineda Franco Carla Rosario , Toro Álvarez Ruth Adriana
Published: February 2025

This research focused on determining the impact of using gamified virtual reality environments on writing skills development in university settings. The aim was to implement new teaching methods that promote meaningful learning based on digital competencies and motivation. Methodologically, the study employed Pedagogical Action Research, which involved deconstruction, reconstruction, and validation phases. The population consisted of 278 first-year students enrolled in the Language and Communication course at a private university in southern Lima. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the implemented strategies in enhancing student motivation, primarily due to the activation of dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for driving action towards efficiently solving challenges. A significant finding was the promotion of autonomous learning, as the prior review of resources facilitated the resolution of challenges. Consequently, Flipped Learning effectively prepared students for hybrid classes and encouraged active apprentices. The study concludes that the use of gamified virtual reality environments positively impacts the development of students' writing skills. Motivated students showed greater willingness to practice and refine their abilities, which in turn led to an improvement in the quality of their writing.
Tradición oral de la provincia de Pasco. Tomo II de David Salazar Espinoza
Authors: Bianchi Bustos Marcelo
Published: February 2025

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Supporting parents to support children. A UK Randomised Controlled Trial testing a text-message intervention to cultivate the home learning environment [Pre-registered report].
Authors: O'Reilly Fionnuala , Loeb Susanna , Farrell Alice , Scerif Gaia
Published: February 2025

A stimulating and supportive home learning environment helps children to be cognitively and emotionally ready to learn by age 5. Despite the growing availability of parenting resources, the attainment gap between affluent and disadvantaged families continues to widen across many developed nations. Tips by Text is a 12-month text-message program originally developed in the US to support parents in embedding developmental activities into daily routines with their children. Targeting 4-5-year-olds, the messages aim to enhance language, literacy, numeracy, and socioemotional skills. We adapted and tested Tips by Text in a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 109 schools in England from 2019 to 2021 (n=3,600). Due to Covid-19, post-intervention data collection faced approximately 70% attrition on the primary outcome measure, resulting in a final analytical sample of n=753. This sample, however, is comparable to the US-based sample initially used to evaluate the program’s efficacy, allowing us to proceed with analysis. In this study, we replicate the primary impact analysis conducted by the original RCT evaluators and extend it to explore whether children facing diverse challenges including various forms of socioeconomic disadvantage, language barriers, special educational needs, or multiple simultaneous challenges - show differential responses to the program.