bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Local ROI-specific Atlas-based Segmentation of Prostate Gland and Transitional Zone in Diffusion MRI
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Baig Sameer , Wong Alexander , Haider Masoom A. , Khalvati Farzad
Published: October 2018

Segmentation of prostate and related anatomic structure, such as transitional zone, in medical images facilitates prostate cancer detection, as well as a number of other clinical practices. In this paper, we propose a semi-automatic local ROI-specific atlas-based segmentation (LABS) method to segment prostate gland and transitional zone in diffusion magnetic resonance images. Inspired by a sequential registration-based segmentation method, the proposed method further reduces the amount of user intervention and focuses on the vicinity of prostate for atlas matching and atlas-to-target registration by specifying the bounding boxes of prostate gland on key slices of volume images. We evaluated the method on an atlas database with the 100 cases by performing a leave-one-out study. Our proposed method produced favorable outcomes with an average Dice similarity coefficient of 0.85Â±0.03 for prostate gland and 0.77Â±0.06 for transitional zone segmentations, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method and its potential to be used in relevant clinical applications.
Road Defect Detection in Street View Images using Texture Descriptors and Contour Maps
Authors: Chacra David Abou , Leopold Henry , Pinto Jeremy , Lunscher Norman , Younes Georges , Zelek John
Published: October 2018

Road quality assessment is a crucial part in municipalitiesâ€™ workto maintain their infrastructure, plan upgrades, and manage theirbudgets. Properly maintaining this infrastructure relies heavily onconsistently monitoring its condition and deterioration over time.This can be a challenge, especially in larger towns and cities wherethere is a lot of city property to keep an eye on. We review roadquality assessment methods currently employed, and then describeour novel algorithm aimed at identifying distressed road regionsfrom street view images and pinpointing cracks within them. Wepredict distressed regions by computing Fisher vectors on localSIFT descriptors and classifying them with an SVM trained to distinguishbetween road qualities. We follow this step with a comparisonto a weighed contour map within these distressed regionsto identify exact crack and defect locations, and use the contourweights to predict the crack severity. Promising results are obtainedon our manually annotated dataset, which indicate the viability ofusing this cost-effective system to perform road quality assessmentat a municipal level.
Depth from Defocus via Active Quasi-random Point Projections
Authors: Ma Avery , Li Francis , Wong Alexander
Published: October 2018

Depth sensing has many practical applications in vision-relatedtasks. While many different depth measurement techniques existand depth camera technologies are constantly being advanced, activedepth sensing still rely on specialized hardware that are highlycomplex and costly. Motivated by this, we present a novel techniquefor inferring depth measurements via depth from defocus usingactive quasi-random point projection patterns. A quasi-randompoint projection pattern is projected onto the scene of interest, andeach projection point in the image captured by a camera is analysedusing a calibration model to estimate the depth at that point.The proposed method has a relatively simple setup, consisting of acamera and a projector, and enables depth inference from a singlecapture. Furthermore, the use of a quasi-random projection patterncan allow us to leverage compressive sensing theory to producefull depth maps in future applications. Experimental resultsshow the proposed system has strong potential for enabling activedepth sensing in a simple, efficient manner.
Enhanced Smartphone Spectroscopy via High-throughput Computational Slit
Authors: Kuang Emily , Kazemzadeh Farnoud , Wong Alexander
Published: October 2018

High-performance spectroscopy is often limited by its portability, size, and cost, therefore limiting its reach into various applications that may benefit from it. In this paper, we present a low-cost, low-complexity slitless smartphone-based spectrometer that can be useful for carrying out field studies. Omitting a slit in a spectrometer means loss of spectral resolution in conventional spectrographs; however, we overcome this limitation via the use of a high-throughput computational slit to produce spectra with enhanced spectral resolution and enhanced signal-to-noise characteristics.
Depth from Defocus via Active Multispectral Quasi-random Point Projections using Deep Learning
Authors: Ma Avery , Wong Alexander , Clausi David
Published: October 2018

A novel approach for inferring depth measurements via multispectralactive depth from defocus and deep learning has been designed,implemented, and successfully tested. The scene is activelyilluminated with a multispectral quasi-random point pattern,and a conventional RGB camera is used to acquire images of theprojected pattern. The projection points in the captured image ofthe projected pattern are analyzed using an ensemble of deep neuralnetworks to estimate the depth at each projection point. A finaldepth map is then reconstructed algorithmically based on the pointdepth estimates. Experiments using different test scenes with differentstructural characteristics show that the proposed approachcan produced improved depth maps compared to prior deep learningapproaches using monospectral projection patterns.
Comparison of phase-resolved Doppler optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography for measuring retinal blood vessels size
Authors: Hosseinaee Zohreh , Tan Bingyao , Bizheva Kostadinka
Published: October 2018

The goal of this study was to compare two OCT-based methods for measuring retinal blood vessels size: Phase-resolved Doppler OCT (DOCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). The study was conducted in rats (n= 6) using a SD-OCT system operating at 1060 nm with 92 kHz image acquisition rate. Arteries and veins were separated by the phase polarity. Results from this study showed that the venal diameters are significantly larger than the arterial diameters, and there is no significant difference in the vessel diameters measured by both methods.
Ensembles of Random Projections for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Karimi Amir Hossein , Shafiee Mohammad Javad , Ghodsi Ali , Wong Alexander
Published: October 2018

Dimensionality reduction methods are widely used in informationprocessing systems to better understand the underlying structuresof datasets, and to improve the efficiency of algorithms for bigdata applications. Methods such as linear random projections haveproven to be simple and highly efficient in this regard, however,there is limited theoretical and experimental analysis for nonlinearrandom projections. In this study, we review the theoretical frameworkfor random projections and nonlinear rectified random projections,and introduce ensemble of nonlinear maximum random projections.We empirically evaluate the embedding performance on 3commonly used natural datasets and compare with linear randomprojections and traditional techniques such as PCA, highlightingthe superior generalization performance and stable embedding ofthe proposed method.
A Multi-layer Perceptron Approach to Automatically Detect Tissue via NIR Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Gurm Sandeep , Badawy Ossama , Wong Alexander
Published: October 2018

We present a novel pixel-level spectra based multi-layer perceptron(MLP) to discriminate regions of biomedical multispectral imagingdata into two categories: tissue and non-tissue. The spectra usedfor this study are 740nm, 780nm, 850nm, and 945nm as thesewavelengths are on either side of the isosbestic point for oxyhemoglobinand deoxyhemoglobin; absorbers that are common in allhealthy tissues. An MLP is trained using multispectral data from12 human subjects and 12 non-tissue objects. The MLP is testedon three multispectral challenge image sets, from which the accuracy,sensitivity, and specificity of the model yield results of 91.3%(+/-0.2%), 98.1% (+/-0.3%), and 88.5% (+/- 0.3%) respectively.
Motion Detection in High Resolution Enhancement
Authors: Hu Xiaodan , Ma Avery , Gawish Ahmed , Lamm Mark , Fieguth Paul
Published: October 2018

Shifted Superposition (SSPOS) is a resolution enhancement methodwhere apparent high-resolution content is displayed using a lowresolutionprojection system with an opto-mechanical shifter. WhileSSPOS-enhanced projectors have been showing promising resultsin still images, they still suffer from motion artifacts in video contents.Motivated by this, we present a novel approach to apparentprojector resolution enhancement for videos via motion-basedblurring module. We propose the use of a motion detection moduleand a blurring module to compensate for both SSPOS-resulted andnatural motion artifacts in the video content. To accomplish this,we combine both local and global motion estimation algorithms togenerate accurate dense flow fields. The detected motion regionsare enhanced using directional Gaussian filters. Preliminary resultsshow that the proposed method can produce accurate densemotion vectors and significantly reduce the artifacts in videos.
Evaluación del control de malezas en un sistema policultural de yuca y frijol.
Authors: Hernández Adrián , Ramos René , Sánchez Jesús , Rodríguez Odile
Published: October 2018

This research was carried out at the Liliana Dimitrova Horticultural Research Institute, located in Quivicán, La Habana, Cuba. Cassava genotypes (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were combined in order to determine the efficiency of these combinations for weed control. The cassava clones used were ‘Señorita’, ‘INVIT 92-1’ and ‘CMC-40’, and the bean varieties were ‘CAP-30’, ‘BAT-304’, and ‘CC 25-9 R’. Cassava was planted in 1.40 m and 0.70 m beds between plants, and beans were sowed 15 days later 35 cm away on each side of the cassava. A randomized block design was used with four repetitions. Results showed a decrease in the amount of weeds in the different intercropping combinations, as compared to weeds in monocrops. Combinations where the ‘BAT-304’ and ‘CC 25-9 R’ bean varieties were used showed greater weed control than the ‘CAP-30’ variety, thus proving the effectiveness of these systems.
Efecto de las prácticas agronómicas en las propiedades del suelo en laderas.
Authors: Alfonso Carlos A. , Riverol Mario , Porras Pedro , Cabrera Eduardo , Somoza Víctor , Otero Alberto
Published: October 2018

Trials were established in a highly eroded Ultisol soil of sandy loam texture, of poor fertility, acid, and low in phosphorus and organic matter, located in the locality of La Leña in Pinar del Río province, Republic of Cuba. A study was carried ont in 1996 in two watersheds, in which were implemented conservation practices consisting of live barriers of Gliricidia Sepium L. (in the first watershed) and Vetiveria Ziznoide L. (in the second watershed) complemented with ground cover of maize associated with legumes followed by beans in succession. Results showed slight changes in slope between barriers with respect to the initial value (10% vs 9%). Values of total dry biomass in the associations were 17 and 15 t/ha, and ground coverage at 30 days was more than 70%. Profuse root colonization presented by the associations indicated an improvement in porosity of the soil, reflecting a positive tendency in the internal structure that has evolved to a porous state. Yields of maize were 2900 and 2000 kg/ha, and of bean were 1800 and 1630 kg/ha, which are relatively high values, considering the degraded condition of the soil.
Selección de las líneas de maíz por resistencia a sequía.
Authors: Castañón Guillermo , Cruz Ricardo , Del Pino Roberto , Panzo Eleuterio , Montiel Miguel , Filobello Lorena
Published: October 2018

Drought is an important abiotic factor where maize is grown under rainfall conditions. In order to identify drought resistant lines, 77 S5 maize lines from the breeding program at Cotaxtla, Veracruz and four CML maize lines from CIMMYTwere evaluated under irrigation  (So) and drought stress (S1). Five indexes were applied to select drought tolerant lines. Four indexes use the grain yield as criteria for selection, these are, the drought index (DI), the arithmetic mean (AM), the geometric mean (GM), and the stress tolerance index (STI). The last index, (G+GxS), takes into consideration all the traits evaluated in the trial. In general, all measured characteristics were affected by the drought treatment. The DI the other indexes. DI selects germplasm with the lowest yields, while, AM, GM, STI and G+Gxs indexes selected the same lines and all of these displayed a superior mean yield in comparison to those that were selected by the DI index. Among the best 10%, five lines and the checks CML 273 y CML 274, were selected by most of the indexes. According with the results, the best option to select drought resistance material will be with the use of the G+GxS index.
Agricultura, recursos naturales, medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible en Costa Rica.
Authors: Morera Jorge A.
Published: October 2018

The sustainable agriculture in Costa Rica must recognize the need of intensifying the productivity as a way to support the increasing demand created by the population growth, but at the same time it has to prevent the best use and conservation of the natural resources. Without natural resources there is no agriculture and without it there isn’t food support. It’s hoped that Costa Rica can satisfy the growing demand of food and other agriculture products; avoiding the fast process of degradation that our soils and forest are suffering. The sustainable agriculture process in Costa Rica and other countries of the region presents an increasing demand of land and natural resources; which causes social, economic and ecological conflicts and competence. This is why Costa Rica must organize a strategy of sustainable development that contemplates the effects of the demographic growth, food support, biodiversity protection, ecosystem regeneration, development of friendly technologies with the environment, regulation on the use of natural resources and the formation of better thought human beings.
Avances en la selección de fuentes de resistencia a las principales enfermedades del frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Costa Rica.
Authors: Araya Carlos M. , Araya Rodolfo
Published: October 2018

In this research a broad set of bean genotypes were evaluated in the search for sources of resistance to both, anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and angular leaf spot (Pahaeoisriopsis griseola). The germplasm evaluated came from the National Bean Breeding Program and international nurseries from CIAT: VIFURE, VIPADOGEN and CORE COLLECTION. Experimental plots were establised in Puriscal (1017 masl), Alajuela (814 masl) and Fraijanes (1650 masl), during the 97-98 and 98-99 growing seasons. Experimental plots were single or two rows from two to six m in length depending on seed availability. Disease reaction was scored at six and eight weeks after seeding using a 1 to 9 severity scale. Only genotypes showing 1-3 disease reaction for anthracnose and 1-4 for angular leaf spot were selected. In the germplas from the National Bean Breeding Program nine lines resistant to both pathogens were identified, of those, five lines were specifically resistant to anthracnose and two angular leaf spot. In the VIPADOGEN from CIAT, 25 lines were resistant to anthracnose and only two were resistant to both diseases. These materials also displayed adaptation to either drought or low soil fertility. The CORE COLLECTION nursery provided 82 lines resistant to anthracnose, 12 lines resistant to angular leaf spot and 26 lines were resistant to both pathogens. The most outstanding sources of resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot will be made available in a regional nursery.
Mejoramiento genético del frijol rojo y negro mesoamericano para Centroamérica y El Caribe.
Authors: Rosas Juan C. , Castro Aracely , Flores Edwin
Published: October 2018

Bean production in Central America is mainly a small farm operation on hillside, marginal areas, limited by several biotic and abiotic constraints. More than 350,000 t of beans are produced in nearly 0.5 millions of hectáreas, with a rather low yield average of 678 kg/ha. The majority of bean producers utilize low inputs and few farms are mechanized. Autoconsumption is rather high; however, a great portion of the beans is sold by intermediaries. In Honduras, beans are the 7th most important crop in economic value, and has the highest economic return among corn, rice and sorghum. The major market classes in Central America are small red and black (race Mesoamerican) beans. Improvement of these bean types is focused in developing resistance to diseases (common mosaic, golden mosaic, anthracnose, angular leaf spot, rust, web blight, and common bacterial blight) and pests (mainly pod weevil); and tolerance to low fertility, drought and heat. Appropriate hybridization and selection programs are utilized for developing multiple resistant, high yielding, well adapted and commercially accepted cultivars. A broad genetic base is accomplished by using Andean and Mesoamerican sources of germplasm in the hybridization stage. Simultaneous selection for various traits and multilocation testing of advanced lines are practiced. Yield and adaptation nurseries and trials of improved lines are distributed to Central America, Mexico, Panama and Caribbean countries. Testing of advanced lines and on-farm validation and varietal release, are carried out by National Bean Programs and institutions, members of the PROFRIJOL regional program, in collaboration with Zamorano, CIAT and the Bean/Cowpea CRSP.
Adaptación y rendimiento de la variedad de frijol “Negro Medellín” en el sureste de México.
Authors: López Ernesto , Cumpián Javier , Becerra Enrique N. , Villar Bernardo , Ugalde Francisco J. , Acosta Jorge A.
Published: October 2018

The present study was carried out from 1994 to 1997 with the aim of testing the adaptation and seed yield of the new bean cultivar “Negro Medellín” in the humid tropical region of Southeast Mexico. Five trials were conducted in the state Veracruz , four in Chiapas and one in Guerrero. Trials were conducted according to available facilities at each site under residual moisture or rainfall conditions. Trials included 16 bean genotypes that were distributed in the field using a Complete Random Design with three replicates. Negro Medellín resulted outstanding in average yield, yield stability and wide adaptation, although it showed a better response in favorable environments (1226 kg/ha, bi >1 and S2d = 0). During the conduction of the trials, Negro Medellín was tolerant to widespread diseases: bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), angular leaf spot (Phaoisariopsis griseola) and rust (Uromyces appendiculatus var. appendiculatus). However, in a location in the state of Veracruz, Negro Medellín was severely attacked by anthacnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum). In addition, Negro Medellín was evaluated in commercial plots in farmer’s fields at 10 locations in the humid tropics of southeast Mexico. In those plots Negro Medellín was compared to a set of different checks that included bred cultivars and landraces. Negro Medellín outyielded all checks by 10 to 25% and its average yield was 1300 kg/ha. Negro Medellín is in the process of being registered as a new bred bean cultivar for the lowland humid tropics of southeast Mexico.
Evaluación de líneas de frijol negro, en Veracruz y Chiapas, México.
Authors: López Ernesto , Cano Octavio , Villa Bernardo , Cumpian Javier , Ugalde Francisco J. , López Víctor O.
Published: October 2018

Several experiments were conducted out during the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 growing cycles: The adaptation and grain yield of 15 advanced lines of black and a local variety used as a control, were evaluated. These genotypes belong to the Central American Assay for Adaptation and Yield (ECAR).The bean genotypes were evaluated in eleven localities, five in the state of Chiapas and six in the state of Veracruz; the experiments were established under irrigated, upland and residual moisture conditions. ICTA Ju 97-1, II- 307, DOR-678 and Cut-45, were the most oustanding lines for yield, wide range of adaptation and stability. During the 1999-2000 Fall-Winter growing cycle, the response of the lines against Bean Golden Mosaic Virus (BGMV), angular leaf spot (Phaseoisariopsis griseola), rust (Uromyces appendiculatus), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) were evaluated; ICTA Ju 97-1 and Cut-45 were tolerant to those diseases. Both lines must be validated in farmer fields in order to be considered for releasing as new varieties for some bean growing areas of Veracruz and Chiapas, Mexico.
Evaluación de la mezcla de ametrina + clomazone en caña de azúcar.
Authors: Esqueda Valentín A. , Altamirano Liviana , Hernández Yanett , López Alicia
Published: October 2018

An experiment was established at Rancho Casablanca, located in the Municipality of Puente Nacional, in the State of Veracruz, Mexico, in order to evaluate the toxicity caused by the mixture of the herbicides ametryn + clomazone to the sugarcane varieties MEX-79-431, MEX- 69-290, MEX-68-P23 and CP-72-2086. Four weed control treatments were evaluated: 1. Ametryn + clomazone (1200 + 800 g/ha), 2. Ametryn + clomazone (1800 + 1200 g/ha), 3. Ametryn + 2,4-D (1225 + 650 g/ha) and 4. Weeded control. Herbicides were applied when sugarcane plants had from two to four leaves. The mixture of ametryn + clomazone caused leaf bleaching in all the sugarcane varieties. The bleached area varied from 36.3 to 47.5% with the highest dose of the mixture, and from 25 to 39.4%, with the lowest dose, and it practically disappeared about 45 days after application. On the other hand, the mixture of ametryn + 2,4-D did not cause any bleaching. Toxicity caused by the mixture of ametryn + clomazone did not affect the number of plant leaves, the number of stalks in 2 linear m, nor the plant height. Stalk yield and sucrose content were not affected either.
Determinación del patrón heterótico de 30 líneas de maíz derivadas de la población 43SR del CIMMYT.
Authors: Terron Arturo , Preciado Ernesto , Córdova Hugo , López Raymundo
Published: October 2018

Observed 30 selected lines were crossed to two testers: CML-320 (heterotic group “A”) and CML- 321 (heterotic group “B”). The 60 line x tester combinations were evaluated at four location in the subtropical region of Mexico. In the combined analysis across locations the variance componentsfor the GCA and SCA were significant for grain yield. Significant SCA values allowed the separation of the inbred lines into two opposite heterotic groups based on the performance of the test crosses. On the basis of this information, two synthetics were formed with 7 inbred lines each defined as heterotic groups “A” and “B”. Nine single crosses outyielded the commercial check hybrid. Across locations the top yielder hybrid produced 9.48 t/ha which was 15.6% higher than the check. Average yield by location was 7.1, 3.8, 11.1 and 9.0 t/ha at Tlaltizapán, Tlajomulco, Celaya y Pabellón, respectively. Positive and significant GCA values were observed in six inbred lines. The GCA effects ranged from 1.18 to -2.19. The inbred lines from this study can effectively be used in hybridization programs.
Evaluación de extractos botánicos contra el nematodo Meloidogyne incognita en frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris).
Authors: Parada Roxana Yanira , Guzmán Reina Flor
Published: October 2018

With the aim of determining the nematicidal effect over Meloidogyne incognita in beans, (variety “Centa Cuzcatleco”), we evaluated the watery extracts of garlic (Allium sativum), marygold (Tagetes sp), papaya tree (Carica papaya tree), and “barrenillo” grass (Cynodon dactylon), during the period of 1993-1994. Tests were conducted at the laboratory and the greenhouse, with the use of a completely random design, with six treatments and eight repetitions. The research was conducted at the Center of Agricultural and Forestry Technology (CENTA): In the greenhouse the seedlings were inoculated with 4.000 eggs and J2 of M. incognita, and then treated with the aforementioned plant extracts. In addition, we used the nematicide Phenamiphos and an absolute check (plain water) in the laboratory, the juvenile stages of the nematodes were exposed to direct contact with each one of the substances, and afterwards they were rinsed in water to measure its recuperation. Sixty days after sowing, we measured the variables: final height, fresh and dry weight of foliage, fresh weight of roots, final nematode population, gall index, and reproduction rate. The best extract for controlling M. incognita at the greenhouse was papaya tree (smallest gall index), even though Phenamiphos was the overall best treatment. The extracts of garlic and papaya tree, in dosis of 35 g per plant , provoked toxicity in the plant. At the laboratory, the extracts which produced a higher mortality rate of juvenile nematodes were garlic, marygold and papaya tree. The fastest mortality
Evaluación de medios de cultivo, para vivero de café Coffea arabica L. variedad caturra.
Authors: Argueta Flor De María , Rodríguez Rocio , Monroig Miguel
Published: October 2018

We evaluated five commercial mixtures against a control treatment consisting of a mixture of soil, sugar cane sludge and silt, which is commonly used in the production of coffee trees in nurseries. The cultivation of coffee trees in the mixture made of perlite, vermiculate and peat moss, was similar to that of plants grown in the control treatment. We detected significant differences in stem diameter and in the fresh weight of foliage. The nutritional analysis of the leaves showed significant differences in K, Mg and Mn contento The levels of the two last elements were significantly lower in the control treatment
Evaluación de híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) de grano blanco y amarillo en ambientes de Centroamérica, Panamá y el Caribe en 1996.
Authors: Aguiluz Adán
Published: October 2018

Thirty white-grain hybrids in 1210cations and 20 yellow-grain hybrids in 14 locations were evaluated in 1996. The control HB-83 was used for white grains, and control HB-46 was used for yellow grains. Measurement of genotype/environment interaction was obtained through the analysis of additive main effects and multiplicative in~eractions (AMMI model). White hybrids A- 7573, H-53, HN-951, A-7530, CB- XHS-7GMl and CML- 9XCML-47 equaled or surpassed the HB-83 control in 17,8%; 0,1%; 1,1%; 9,2%; 8,1% and 18,7% ofthe cases, respectively, showing little interaction with the environment (AMMI values close to O). Two of these hybrids are from national programs, and three from private seed companies. As for the yellow grains, only the CB-XHS-8GM3, HS-6 and DK-888A hybrids surpassed the control HA-46 in yield, and showed AMMI scores c10se to O: (0,20; -0,07 and -0,12, respectively); all of these belong to private seed companies.
Híbridos dobles de maíz de baja depresión endogámica en F2.
Authors: De León Humberto , Jaramillo Arcenio , Martínez Gaspar , Rodríguez Sergio
Published: October 2018

The first and second generations (F1 and F2) of 33 double hybrids of com were studied in order to evaluate grain yield decrease caused by generational advance, and to detect hybrids with a low inbreeding depression. Effects of in breeding depression were also evaluated according to flowering days (FD), plant height (PH), ear height (EH), root lodging (RL), and stem height (SH), bad coverage (BC), and roUen ears (RE). Doub1e hybrids with a high yield were obtained in F1, and without in breeding in F2 at arate of six to nine percent, depending on the evaluation environment, indicating insignificant in breeding effects.
Respuesta de fertilización y densidad de siembra en líneas de maíz.
Authors: Tosquy Hugo , Castañón Guillermo
Published: October 2018

An experiment was carried out in the Cotaxtla Experimental Field during the 1995 spring-summer cycle to study effects of soil mineral fertilization and population density in six parentallines of the best hybrids from tropical Mexico. The experimental desigp. used was the randomized block s in divided plots with two repetitions, and a complete factorial treatment design 24. Large plots consisted of lines LE-36, LE-37, LRB-14, D-539, POB 21 and POB 43. Small plots were formed by the treatments resulting from the combination of plant density (PD) at 50, and 62.5 thousand pl/ha, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) at 161-184,46-69 and 0-60 kilograms per hectare, respectively. Out of the 18 variables studied, only 4 were not significant for the lines. The density of 62,500 pVha showed the highest grain yield. However, the same trait did not respond to a more intense fertilization with N-P-K, but the combination of each major primary element at its highest level helped to stop the negative effect of high density in grain traits. There was an additive effect in the interaction lines x density for grain yieId. This variable increased in all lines when there was a greater number of pIants per area unit.
Understanding and predicting profiles of compulsive sexual behavior among adolescents
Authors: Efrati Yaniv , Gola Mateusz
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

This two-study research was designed to define and predict profiles of compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) among non-clinical population of adolescents, and aimed to fill gaps in the current research.

Methods

In Study 1 (N = 1,182), we examined the profiles of CSB among adolescents using latent profile analysis. Results revealed the following three clusters: abstainers, sexual fantasizers, and individuals with CSB. In Study 2 (N = 618), we replicated this classification and examined differences between the clusters in Big Five personality traits, locus of control, attachment orientations, loneliness, age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), residence quality, use of pornography, and sex-related online activities.

Results

Adolescents classified into different clusters significantly differed in personality traits, loneliness, age, SES, use of pornography, and sex-related online activities. Specifically, individuals with CSB had external locus of control, anxious attachment, greater loneliness, higher frequency of pornography use, and more sex-related online activities than the other groups.

Discussion

The current research expands the knowledge about CSB by providing a more individualized approach to understanding CSB among adolescence.
Who uses self-exclusion to regulate problem gambling? A systematic literature review
Authors: Motka Franziska , Grüne Bettina , Sleczka Pawel , Braun Barbara , Örnberg Jenny Cisneros , Kraus Ludwig
Published: October 2018

Background and aims

Self-exclusion programs offer an intervention for individuals with problem gambling behavior. However, these programs are insufficiently used. This review describes sociodemographic features and gambling behavior of self-excluders as well as goals and motives for initiating self-exclusion from terrestrial and online gambling. In addition, use of further professional help and barriers to self-exclusion are examined.

Methods

Based on systematic literature search and quality assessment, n = 16 original studies (13 quantitative, 2 qualitative, and 1 mixed method) published between 1997 and 2017 in English or German language were analyzed. Results are presented for online and terrestrial gambling separately.

Results

Online self-excluders were on average 10 years younger than terrestrial self-excluders. Self-exclusion was mainly motivated by financial problems, followed by feelings of losing control and problems with significant others. Financial problems and significant others were less important for online than for terrestrial gamblers. Main barriers for self-exclusion were complicated enrollment processes, lack of complete exclusion from all venues, little support from venue staff, and lack of adequate information on self-exclusion programs. Both self-excluders from terrestrial and online gambling had negative attitudes toward the need of professional addiction care.

Conclusion

To exploit the full potential of self-exclusion as a measure of gambler protection, its acceptance and its utilization need to be increased by target-group-specific information addressing financial issues and the role of significant others, simplifying the administrative processes, facilitating self-exclusion at an early stage of the gambling career, offering self-determined exclusion durations, and promoting additional use of professional addiction care.
Adorning and Adoring
Authors: Fowler-Smith Louise
Published: October 2018

Sacred trees are found throughout India and venerated by those of varied religious groups, including animists, devotees of local cults, Hindus, Buddhists, and Jains. Since 2003 I have travelled the sub-continent of India, conducting interviews and photographing the aesthetic enhancement of trees as an act of worship. Here, examples of veneration and a selection of the myths, beliefs, and rituals that underlie this practice are provided. These trees, through their adornment by worshippers, become subjects of adoration for not only Indians, but also for outsiders as well. In reflecting on this, the link between the aesthetic and the sacred is shown to have the potential to inspire ethical, eco-conscious, and transcultural responses to the natural world.
Alan Mikhail, Under Osman’s Tree: The Ottoman Empire, Egypt, and Environmental History
Authors: Dedeoglu Cagdas
Published: October 2018

Alan Mikhail, Under Osman’s Tree: The Ottoman Empire, Egypt, and Environmental History (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2017), 336 pp., $45.00 (pbk), ISBN: 978-0-226-42717-1.
Lisa H. Sideris, Consecrating Science: Wonder, Knowledge, and the Natural World
Authors: Callicott J. Baird
Published: October 2018

Lisa H. Sideris, Consecrating Science: Wonder, Knowledge, and the Natural World (Oakland: University of California Press, 2017), xi + 300 pp., $34.95 (pbk), ISBN: 9780520294998.
California's Glyphosate Judgement – Emotion, Bad Science and Greed Win the Day
Authors: Berezow Alex
Published: October 2018

Jurors in California have awarded $289 million to a man who claimed that his cancer was due to Monsanto's herbicide glyphosate, even though that is biologically impossible. Even the judge acknowledged that there was no evidence of harm. Yet, trial lawyers manipulated a jury's
emotions and the public's misunderstanding of science to score another jackpot verdict. The plaintiff, Dewayne Johnson, claims that glyphosate gave him non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a cancer that occurs when the immune system goes awry. There are three major problems with this claim. First, as stated
above, glyphosate does not cause cancer because it does not harm humans. It is an herbicide, so it is only toxic to plants. There is no known biological mechanism by which glyphosate could cause cancer, therefore its carcinogenicity is not even theoretically possible. That is why there is
not a single reputable public health agency that believes glyphosate causes cancer. The US Environmental Protection Agency, the World Health Organization, and the European Food Safety Authority all reject claims of any link. The only organization of note that rejects this scientific consensus
is a group within the World Health Organization called the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Contrary to all evidence, the group insists that glyphosate causes cancer – along with bacon and hot water. The truth is that IARC is a fringe outlier, staunchly ideological
rather than scientific, and rife with financial conflicts of interest. Christopher Portier, a special adviser to the IARC working group that examined glyphosate, was also working for the activist organization the Environmental Defense Fund and received $160,000 from trial lawyers who
stood to profit handsomely if IARC declared glyphosate a carcinogen because they could file suits in lawsuit-happy California. IARC's credibility has been so thoroughly shattered that Congress recently pulled its funding. Secondly, although the root cause of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is unknown,
that does not mean its etiology is completely open to speculation. Lymphomas originate from white blood cells, so scientists believe that autoimmune disease or chronic infections play a role. Just because the plaintiff's attorneys can fool a jury into believing that glyphosate causes non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma does not mean there is any scientific evidence – and there is not. Thirdly, glyphosate has been off-patent for 18 years, and about 40% of the world's glyphosate is made in China. So, why pick on Monsanto when several different companies could have supplied the glyphosate the
plaintiff used?
Terrorism in the Nursery: considering the implications of the British Values discourse and the Prevent duty requirements in early years education
Authors: Lumb Eve
Published: October 2018

This article explores some of the implications of the British Values discourse within early years education and the consequences of the Prevent duty requirements. It highlights some of the ethical dilemmas imposed as a result of the potential securitisation of early years education,
and also explores the very ethos of British Values within early years pedagogy.
Influence of Theed on strength development and hydration of blended cementitious systems containing titanium slag
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Jianfeng , Wang Jiachen , Cui Suping
Published: October 2018

A blended cementitious material consisting of cement and titanium slag in a mass ratio of 1:1 was prepared and the influence of varying dosages of tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine (Theed) on the strength development and hydration process of the blended systems was investigated. The hydration process, pore structure and microstructure at different ages were characterised by isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that: the addition of Theed (0·01–0·10%) tended to improve the flexural and compressive strength of the blended mortars; the addition of Theed increased the hydration degree of the blended cement pastes before 28 d while delaying the early (before 6 h) hydration, as indicated by isothermal calorimetry measurement; the pore structure of the blended cement pastes after curing for 28 d was modified by Theed, which is beneficial for strength development; the pozzolanic reaction of the titanium slag was enhanced by the presence of Theed, as confirmed by the portlandite content, pore structure measurements and morphological observation.
Mineralization of iron oxide by ferritin homopolymers immobilized on SiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Carmona Daniel , Treccani Laura , Michaelis Monika , Lid Steffen , Debus Christian , Ciacchi Lucio Colombi , Rezwan Kurosch , Maas Michael
Published: October 2018

The iron storage protein ferritin is well known for its ability to mineralize iron oxides in its interior cavity. In this study, the authors investigated the mineralization behavior of H and L ferritin homopolymers assembled from individual subunits. The authors’ approach included molecular dynamics simulations, which suggested that ferritin subunits arrange themselves on silica surfaces with the active side facing away from the interface, although non covalent adsorption interactions might be weak. In experimental studies, the nucleation of iron oxide nuclei could be observed at ferritin homopolymers which were covalently immobilized through the EDC/NHS strategy at the surface of silica nanoparticles. Mineralization was initiated by the addition of ammonium iron (II) sulfate hexahydrate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O) as the source of iron ions and trimethylamine N-oxide as the oxidant. The results demonstrate that immobilized H and L ferritin homopolymers on silica surfaces are able to induce the formation of a cohesive thin film of magnetic iron oxide crystals (magnetite and/or maghemite).
Uplift resistance of horizontal strip anchors in sand: a cavity expansion approach
Authors: Zhuang P.-Z. , Yu H.-S.
Published: October 2018

This paper presents an analytical cavity expansion theory-based method for predicting peak uplift resistance of shallow horizontal strip anchors buried in sand. On the basis of an analytical two-dimensional stress solution for loading analysis around a cylindrical cavity, the method was developed by assuming that the peak anchor uplift resistance can be approximated by the cavity breakout pressure. In the new cavity expansion model, the ultimate failure is reached once the plastic zone develops to the ground surface, and the biaxial state of in situ ground stresses is taken into account. A database consisting of 75 model tests on shallow strip anchors in sands was compiled to validate the new method. The predicted results and measured data are in reasonable agreement, with a mean over-prediction of the peak uplift resistance by 1·6%. The reliability of the new solution was also checked by comparing with other commonly used analytical solutions. It is shown that the current solution can provide a simple analytical tool for predictions of the peak uplift resistance of strip anchors in sand while a sliding-block failure mechanism dominates.
Hybrid seismic testing of cold-formed steel moment-resisting frames
Authors: McCrum Daniel Patrick , Simon Jordan , Grimes Michael , Broderick Brian Michael , Wrzesien Andrzej , Lim James Boon Piang
Published: October 2018

The true seismic performance of three full-scale, 2·2 m high by 3·2 m long, cold-formed steel (CFS), moment-resisting frame structures is investigated for the first time in this paper. In general, shear wall type CFS structures have performed well during earthquake events in the past; however, portal frame CFS type structures have not been investigated to any great degree. Limited cyclic testing of CFS moment-resisting connections/frames has shown the connections/frames perform well. However, these cyclic tests do not take account of inertia forces of the framing structural system. The seismic performance of CFS portal frames was investigated for the first time under true seismic loading using the hybrid test method. Results show that the frames perform well and under extreme loading fail through local buckling of the column section at the column-to-haunch connection. This failure mechanism needs to be prevented as it does not align with the strong column–weak beam design philosophy.
Ortaokul 5. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Resimli Çocuk Kitaplarına İlişkin Tepkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: KARAGÖZ Beytullah
Published: October 2018

Edebiyat metinlerini anlama ve yorumlama uğraşında okurun rolü önemlidir. Okur, metnin çözümlenmesi ve anlamın yeniden üretilmesinde etkindir. Bu nedenle yazınsal okuma süreçlerinde okurun bilgi, beceri yönünden yetkin ve donanımlı olması gerekir. Okurun yetileri üzerine inşa edilen bu süreçte estetik alımlayıcı öngörüsü, bilinci, duyarlılığı ile anlama edimini gerçekleştirir. Bu çalışmada ortaokul beşinci sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerin resimli çocuk kitaplarına yönelik yazılı görüşlerini okur-tepki kuramı açısından çözümlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması kullanılarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Tokat il merkezinde bir ortaokulda 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar yarıyılında, beşinci sınıfta öğrenim gören 70 öğrenci üzerinden alınmıştır. Araştırmanın işlem basamaklarında ilk olarak resimli çocuk kitapları öğrencilere sesli bir şekilde okunmuş ve resimler gösterilmiştir. Kitapların bütün öğrenciler tarafından okunması tamamlandıktan sonra öğrencilere okudukları metinler hakkında sözlü anlatımlar yaptırılmıştır. Bu aşamaların bitiminde son olarak, öğrencilerden formdaki soruları yazılı olarak cevaplamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde kategorisel çözümleme yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir.Bu çözümlemede Ulusoy’un (2016) “Resimli Çocuk Kitapları ve Okur-Tepki Teorisi” adlı makalesinde kullandığı kategorilerden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan çözümlemede ortaokul beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin cevaplarında okur odaklı tepkilerin metin odaklı tepkilere oranla daha önde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların resimli çocuk kitaplarına ilişkin tepkilerinin anlaşılması için elde edilen bulgular konu ile ilgili yapılmış benzer çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmıştır.
Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Öykülerdeki Kişilerin Karakter Özellikleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇİNPOLAT Enes
Published: October 2018

Ders kitapları, öğrenme etkinliğindeki
temel yapısıyla öğrencilerin gelişim sürecinde önemli bir değişkendir. Türkçe
ders kitapları işlevsel bir ortam hazırlayıcı olarak eğitsel sürecin
şekillenmesinde başat rol oynar. Gelişim çağında olan ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencileri,
Türkçe ders kitaplarında bulunan öykülerdeki kahramanlar ile özdeşim kurmaya
yönelirler.  Dolayısıyla Türkçe ders
kitaplarında yer alan öykülerdeki kişilerin taşıdığı karakter özellikleri
belirleyici önemdedir. Bu çalışma, Millî Eğitim
Bakanlığı tarafından yayınlanan 1, 3, 5, 6, 8. sınıf Türkçe ders kitapları ile
Dikey Yayıncılık tarafından hazırlanan 2, Doku Yayıncılık tarafından hazırlanan
4, Ez-De Yayıncılık tarafından hazırlanan 7. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki
öykülerde bulunan kişilerin Sever (2007) tarafından belirlenen karakter
özelliklerine göre incelenmesini içermektedir. Bu araştırma, nitel araştırma
geleneğine dayalı bir doküman analizi çalışmasıdır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde
betimsel analiz yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ilkokul ve
ortaokul Türkçe ders kitaplarında bulunan tüm öykülerdeki (52) karakterlere
bakıldığında incelenen 260 karakter açıklık ve kapalılık yönünden %13,46’sı
açık, devingenlik ve durağanlık yönünden ise %11,53’ü devingen karakter
özellikleri gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen 52 öykünün 24’ünde açık
karakter özellikleri taşıyan kişiye, 28’inde ise devingen karakter özellikleri
taşıyan kişiye yer verilmediği görülmektedir. Bu durum çocuklar için olumsuz
sonuçlar oluşturabilecek bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlara
dayalı olarak bir dizi öneri getirilmiştir.
Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisinde Yayınlanan Araştırmaların Eğilimleri: İçerik Analizi
Authors: MUTLU Hasan Hüseyin
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada alandaki eğilimleri belirlemek amacıyla
Ana Dili Eğitimi dergisinde 2013 – 2018 yılları arasında toplam 22 sayıda
yayınlanmış 207 makale içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Makaleler
yayın sınıflama formu kullanılarak Türkçe eğitimi ve eğitim bilimleri konu
alanı, yöntemi, veri toplama araçları, veri analiz yöntemleri, örneklem
yöntemi, büyüklüğü ve düzeylerine göre analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde
edilen sonuçlara göre en çok tercih edilen Türkçe eğitimi konu alanı dil ve dil
araştırmaları, eğitim bilimlerinde ise tutum, ilgi ve durum belirlemeye yönelik
araştırmalar olmuştur. Makalelerde genellikle betimsel-tarama modelleri tercih
edilmiş ve nitel araştırmalar çoğunluğu oluşturmuştur. En çok kullanılan veri
toplama aracı doküman, veri analiz tekniği ise içerik analizi olarak
belirlenmiştir. Örneklem belirleme yöntemi olarak amaçlı örneklem yöntemi
tercih edilmiştir. Örneklem büyüklüğü 1-10 arası olarak görülürken örneklem
düzeyinin ise genellikle eğitim fakültesi öğrencileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.