bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decreasing uncertainty in flood frequency analyses by including historic flood events in an efficient bootstrap approach
Authors: Bomers Anouk , Schielen Ralph , Hulscher Suzanne
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Flood frequency curves are usually highly uncertain since they are based on short data sets of measured discharges or weather conditions. To decrease the confidence intervals, an efficient bootstrap method is developed in this study. The Rhine river delta is considered as a case study. A hydraulic model is used to normalize historic flood events for anthropogenic and natural changes in the river system. As a result, the data set of measured discharges could be extended with approximately 600 years. The study shows that flood events decrease the confidence interval of the flood frequency curve significantly, specifically in the range of large floods. This even applies if the maximum discharges of these historic flood events are highly uncertain themselves.
NUTRACÊUTICOS: ASPECTOS LEGAIS E CIENTÍFICOS
Authors: Machado Gabriela , Furini Puton Bruno , Dallazem Bertol Charise
Published: March 2019

Os nutracêuticos vêm se destacando por apresentarem diversos benefícios à saúde, prevenindo e auxiliando no tratamento de doenças. Os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AG), os carotenoides, os flavonoides e as isoflavonas estão entre os mais consumidos. Este trabalho objetivou pesquisar definições, regulamentações, comprovações sobre eficácia, tratamento e reações adversas dos nutracêuticos. Os AG apresentam propriedades cicatrizantes, imunorreguladoras e anti-inflamatórias, porém indivíduos com hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia, e doenças cardiovasculares devem ter cautela no uso. O betacaroteno previne câncer, doenças cardiovasculares e renais, dentre outras, por outro lado, em fumantes pode aumentar a incidência de câncer de pulmão. Entre os flavonoides, a quercetina se destaca pelos seus efeitos antioxidantes, protetor dos sistemas renal, cardiovascular e hepático, porém deve ser evitada por pacientes hipotensos. As isoflavonas são uteis nos sintomas da menopausa, incluindo a depressão. O uso de nutracêuticos pode trazer benefícios à saúde, contudo deve ser avaliado o uso caso a caso. Além disso, há a necessidade de uma legislação específica para normatização desses produtos, que alavancaria mais estudos que assegurem a sua eficácia oportunizando um tratamento efetivo e seguro.
What’s wrong with being a rhotic?
Authors: Chabot Alex
Published: March 2019

The class of rhotics is subject to extensive variation, and a reliable phonetic correlate has not been found. This variation is also why identifying a segment as a rhotic in an unknown language is not a trivial matter. In contrast to other phonological classes whose membership is attributed based on principled criteria, the set of rhotics is arbitrary. This article identifies two properties independent of phonetics which characterize rhotics cross-linguistically PROCEDURAL STABILITY—rhotics that are implicated in phonological processes can vary in a phonetically arbitrary manner without perturbing the process itself—and DIACHRONIC STABILITY: the phonetics of rhotics can vary in diachronic evolution without impact on their phonotactics. On the empirical side the article establishes a cross-linguistic survey of the phonetic variability of rhotics. It is also argued that the phonetic realization of a rhotic may be unpredictable and divorced from its phonological identity and this shows that languages are happy to instantiate an arbitrary phonetics-phonology relationship. Finally, it is argued that rhotics show that the interface which maps phonological objects to their phonetic instantiations is capable of handling an arbitrary relationship. Further, there is no reason to assume that this property of the interface is specific to rhotics; in principle, all phonetic and phonological categories could enter into an arbitrary relationship. This has important implications for theories which seek to impose phonetic or naturalness based constraints on phonology: it is difficult to see how the relationship between a phonetic object which has no obvious articulatory connection to its phonological representation could be considered phonetically natural. Rhotics thus provide support for the view of substance-free phonology whereby phonological objects are devoid of any reference to phonetic categories.
The Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems in Reducing the Risks of Electronic Auditing: Applied Study on Irbid’s Electricity Company of Jordan
Authors: Abdulah Sayed Thaker
Published: March 2019

Accounting information systems and their outputs are efficient management tools that are based on information in decision making. The external auditor is keen to ensure that the company has sophisticated and modern accounting information systems capable of meeting its auditing needs. This study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of accounting information systems (Relevance, Reliability and Information security) to reduce the risk of electronic auditing (inherent, control, detection) in Irbid Electricity Company. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the sample of the study which consisted of (152) employees who were financial managers, account managers, internal auditors and employees working in the company's information technology departments. The number of questionnaires retrieved and statistical analysis was (136). To analyze data and test hypotheses, the statistical program (SPSS) was used. The study found that there is a significant effect on the effectiveness of accounting information systems on the risks of electronic auditing in Irbid Electricity Company. The study recommended that more researches should be accomplished on achieving efficiency, efficiency in the procedures of accounting control, and asset protection programs to reduce the risk of control.
A DESJUDICIALIZAÇÃO E OS ATOS DE INVENTÁRIO E EUSUCAPIÃO EXTRAJUDICIAIS
Authors: Parpinéli de Oliveira Rafaela , Ferreira Morong Fábio
Published: March 2019

The Judicial Branch responds by slowness in its jurisdictional provision, either by the lack of
structure or civil servants in general. In view of this, the transfer of some judicial acts such as
divorce, inventory and usucapião for Extrajudicial Services was consolidated. The purpose of this
paper is to understand and demonstrate the consequences of this transfer of competence from
the Judiciary to the administrative sphere, explaining the idea of the adjudication or
extrajudicialization, and pointing out its result, with special focus for the acts of inventory and
usucapião. The present work used researches to the national legislation, sites of Judicial and
Administrative bodies, opinions, votes, ordinances, provisions and opinions relevant in the subject
of study, using the deductive method to structure the information obtained. It is concluded that
these changes have provided certain benefits both to the population and to the Judiciary itself,
contributing to the simplification and debureaucratization of the system
A EFETIVIDADE NA FASE DE EXECUÇÃO TRABALHISTA ATRAVÉS DO EXERCÍCIO DA
LEGITIMIDADE ATIVA PELO JUIZ
Authors: Teodoro da Silva Fernanda , de Almeida Coimbra Strasser Francislaine
Published: March 2019

The proposed new constitutional rule, shoulb be in line with the principles and the human rights,
thats why the legal pratic task ceases to be obey the Law geared toward to comply the principles
and the Federal Constitutional. The methodology used was the deduct dialetic with bibliographical
research, doctrine and jurisprudence. So the proposal of this article is to discuss aspects related to
principles applied to labor enforcement, especially the Law of inertia anda legality. Means that,
once the right is recognized, there is nothing to prevent the magistrate, himself, from promoting
the execution, whether the human labour condition, whether the nature nuture of monies labour.
It’s concluded that despite the importance of the principle of jurisdictional inertia, this should be
relativized allowing the ex officio legal legitimacy of the court to promote labor enforcement
A FEBRE AMARELA COMO JUSTIFICATIVA AO DESRESPEITO À VIDA E AOS DIREITOS
DOS ANIMAIS NÃO HUMANOS
Authors: Eduarda Ferreira Marinho dos Santos Khetlen , Ferreira Morong Fábio
Published: March 2019

The recent outbreak of the wild-type yellow fever disease contributes to the self-imposed stance
of those affected who assume that if monkeys are killed, the contagion and disease combat would
be solved. However, apes are victims of the disease, just like humans, which can also kill them.
Increase of murders of monkeys, they are not disease causative agents and the only transmitter is
mosquito. The present study aims to raise the awareness of law enforcers and to develop a
substantial analysis of the outbreak of yellow fever and the increase in murders of monkeys. The
applied method was the legal deductive, based on the interpretation of the legislation,
jurisprudence and doctrines. It is concluded that the said infectious disease is caused by a flavirus
and is transmitted in forest areas mainly by the Haemagogus mosquito of the genus Sabethes, so
that the rights of the animals should be protected, since they, like humans, also have the right to
life and protection and shouldn't it be treated as objects, but as a subject of rights
A INFLUÊNCIA DA MÍDIA SOB O GRANDE JÚRI
Authors: Maria de Oliveira Vilella Barbara , Arcanjo da C. Silva Thainá
Published: March 2019

The objective of this article is to analyze the way in which the media network is used in the
present day, and how it controls the information proliferated to society, and in particular, as
treated in this study, to the grand jury. Although this is an uncommented issue, the existing
power and the speed with which the messages are transmitted in this way is undeniable.
However, many of the messages conveyed are biased, because they collect some data, although
they have some truth, they are incomplete, so it is not possible to formulate a concrete and fair
opinion about the matter dealt with. And after that, the media of dissemination of information,
proliferate ther own truth, having to as absolute, and because of the range that it obtains, these
facts can change the opinion of the people, making them not care much, and even disregard
other facts, though they are concrete and consistent.
A REFORMA TRABALHISTA, COM FOCO NO PRINCÍPIO DA SUBORDINAÇÃO, DA
BOA-FÉ E DA PROTEÇÃO
Authors: Ramos Alves Luís Henrique , Rodrigo Bicalho Alan
Published: March 2019

The Labor Reform promulgated in 2017 brought numerous changes in the labor legislation that
guarded at the time. Among the changes there is the possibility of negotiations between
companies and unions or employees. These negotiations have a greater weight compared to the
previous rule, allowing even those agreements to overlap with the legislated. With this we can
conclude that such negotiations may not be fully effective, since we have disproportionate parts
within the employment relationship and it is not possible for employers to negotiate with
employees on account of Subordination. In addition the parties will place their personal interest
above all, by acting without ethics, and the protection of the employee is out of the question
A TUTELA JURISDICIONAL COLETIVA E O SISTEMA DE PRECEDENTES NO DIREITO
BRASILEIRO
Authors: Aparecido Bastos Almeida Gabriel
Published: March 2019

The advent of the social state caused the emergence of rights of a collective nature and mass
conflicts, making it necessary to create mechanisms for collective tutelage, given the incapacity of
the classical process to promote the adequate protection of these new litigation. Aiming to solve
this situation, a system of collective tutelage has been created, whose objective is the protection
of diffuse, collective and individual homogeneous rights. However, this system proved incapable of
solving the excessive number of demands that overwhelm the Judiciary, which has made it
necessary to establish a system of binding precedents in order to achieve greater consistency and
stability in the jurisprudence. In view of this context, the present study aimed to analyze the
Brazilian system of collective tutelage, through the examination of collective actions and
procedural incidents of resolution of repetitive cases that are part of the Brazilian precedent
system. The methodology followed the deductive method, using doctrinal and legal research on
the researched topic.
ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL
Authors: de Oliveira Vilella Barbara Maria , Arcanjo da C. Silva Thainá
Published: March 2019

This present article aims to analyze a parental alienation, as a whole, from its formation, to the
occurrence and as consequences generated by its practice. Although it is a recent topic in the
Brazilian social and legal discussion agenda, regulated by the law 12.318/2010, it is already
something that occurs for years, which makes it such a controversial and complex subject, because
it involves social and family, among them the unfriendly divorce between the genitors, issues that
mainly affect the lesser, in a sense, helpless, causing him physical and mental damages, as covered
in this study. It is also verified in this article, concrete jurisprudence cases and bibliographic
concepts
ANÁLISE SUSCINTA SOBRE A TENTATIVA NO FURTO PRIVILEGIADO
Authors: do Prado Paula Raquel , Lucchino Ferreira Márcia , Claudia Silva Lima Luciana , Ferreira Morong Fabio
Published: March 2019

The present work have for objective, realize a study about the attempted in the crime of
privileged theft, as provided in § 2º in the article 155 of the penal code. The Method applied
was legal deductive based in the interpretation of jurisprudence, constitution, regulation,
theories and similar doctrines. It concludes that, indeed there is not detailed writer about the
possibility, but the jurisprudence have recognized the attempted in the crimes of privileged
theft, wich support the study the light of prism case-law
AS NOVAS MODALIDADES DE CRIMES CIBERNÉTICOS: O CYBERBULLYING,
VINGANÇA PORNOGRÁFICA E A INTERNET PROFUNDA (DEEP WEB)
Authors: Stéphano Rufino Belezzi Hugo
Published: March 2019

This article will address the new modalities of cyberbullying such as cyberbullying, pornographic
revenge and the deep internet known as the deep web, bringing its concepts and definitions to the
present legal order, infraconstitutional legislation that deals with cyber crimes together with these
new types, bringing insertions and changes in the legislation in force, the most common types of
crimes currently committed by the Internet in reference to a considerable growth of cases of this
type, where the need to establish a more adequate legislation will be taken into account. specific
and applied to curb the criminals who use this means, in order to bring greater legal certainty to
those who use the global computer network.
ASPECTOS JURÍDICOS DE HOMICÍDIO CAUSADO POR EMBRIAGUEZ AO VOLANTE
Authors: Victor De Souza Pavezi Pedro , Rodrigo Guelfi Airton
Published: March 2019

This article aims to show the legal aspects of homicide caused by drunken driving, bringing
judgments, laws and doctrinal understanding to the respective subject. Currently, it is observed
that the Brazilian judiciary has two different aspects to crime of homicide caused by drunken
driving, the first aspect of manslaughter, set out in the caput of article 302 of the Brazilian Traffic
Code. On the other hand, it is intended the intentional homicide, the one written in article 121 of
the Criminal Code, considering as possible fraud, that is, the author assumes the risk and follows in
the execution of the inter criminis, having as punishment more severe than the of article 302 of
the Brazilian Traffic Code. Finally, mere work brings decisions from Brazilian higher courts, it also
addresses majority and minority decisions, and the one that is most applied in final decisions
AUDIÊNCIA DE CUSTODIA E SEUS REFLEXOS NO SISTEMA PENAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Celeste Dias Oliveira Gomes Vitória
Published: March 2019

The custody hearing is characterized by the primary objective of ensuring personal contact of the
person arrested with the judge after his arrest in flagrante. The implantation appeared with
reproduction existing in international treaties, such as the Pact of San José of Costa Rica, aiming at
the human rights of prisoners. Conducted such an audience, by the principles of the Real Truth,
Guarantee of the Ample Defense, Presumption of Innocence, Dignity of the Human Person. How
to use the legal deductive method, based on the interpretation of rules, according to the literature
and the topic addressed, as a general analysis.
In the face of a number of reflections, it is concluded that this topic has a great influence on
reducing overcrowding in the prison system, on spending on custody of prisoners, as well as on
helping the prison system, stimulating alternative means available to the prisoners' others later
highlighted.
BREVES COMENTÁRIOS ACERCA DA LICITAÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL A LUZ DO NOVO
DECRETO Nº 9.178 DE 23 DE OUTUBRO DE 2017
Authors: Peratelli dos Santos Ingrid , Ferreira Morong Fabio , Canziani Éder
Published: March 2019

In the scope of Public Administration, which also has the duty to preserve the environment and
seek sustainability, Sustainable Bidding is an important instrument capable of promoting
sustainable development through purchases of environmentally viable goods or services. The
objective of this work is to carry out a brief study on the main laws and regulations that deal with
this bid, especially Federal Law no. 12,349 / 2010 and the last decree nº 9,178 / 2017, which try to
regulate the subject in Law nº 8666/93. The method used was the legal deductive, applying the
interpretation of the legislation and doctrine. It was concluded that the last decree, although there
is still a need for progress, attributed greater clarity and simplicity to specific legislation,
broadened some concepts that improved the environmental protection and preservation aspect,
and changed institutional competence issues in order to achieve greater speed and efficiency in
the management and implementation of environmental principles in bidding processes
CONTROLE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DIFUSO E O SENADO FEDERAL: LETRA
MORTA NA CONSTITUIÇÃO OU INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE DAS SÚMULAS
VINCULANTES?
Authors: Fernanda Alves Cavalcante Jessica , Henrique Ramos Alves Luis , Silva Myllena , Oliveira Lima Nomura Shirley
Published: March 2019

In order to guarantee its hierarchical supremacy in the Brazilian legal system, the Federal
Constitution has the so-called Constitutionality Control, and such an institute has several
modalities, so that we will talk about the Diffuse Control exercised by the STF and the rule
established by article 52, X, of the CF, which states that it is the responsibility of the Federal
Senate to suspend the execution, in whole or in part, of a law declared unconstitutional by a final
decision of the Federal Supreme Court.
However, this provision of the Constitution has been considered by lawyers and jurists as a "dead
letter", since EC Nº 45/04 instituted the binding summaries in Article 103-A, which has replaced
said rule, stating that the STF may , officio or by provocation, after repeated decisions on
constitutional matters, approve the binding summary. Faced with this is in doubt the precedent is
constitutional and the competence of the Senate is dead letter or the Precedent is
Unconstitutional?
Avaliação de estudantes surdos e deficientes auditivos sob um novo paradigma: Enem em Libras
Authors: Junqueira Rogério Diniz , Lacerda Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
Published: March 2019

O artigo trata da necessidade, pertinência e legitimidade do desenvolvimento de instrumentos específicos em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) e em Português como segunda língua para avaliar o desempenho de estudantes com surdez ou deficiência auditiva no âmbito do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem). Considera os debates da Comissão Assessora de Especialistas em Educação Especial nomeada pelo Inep acerca da legislação brasileira, das especificidades envolvidas na escolarização de surdos e dos desafios inerentes à necessidade de lhes garantir acessibilidade em exames de larga escala. Pondera que, mesmo com o apoio de intérpretes, submeter participantes com surdez que tenham Libras como primeira língua a uma prova escrita em português configura um quadro de acessibilidade insuficiente e representa uma quebra de isonomia. Além disso, uma vez que os cálculos das médias do Enem são feitos com base na Teoria da Resposta ao Item (TRI), a falta de acessibilidade compromete os parâmetros psicométricos do exame. Por isso, a oferta de provas devidamente traduzidas em Libras, disponibilizadas em vídeo, em formato digital e em computadores individualizados, demonstra ser, no estágio atual das discussões sobre acessibilidade, um meio justo, seguro e apropriado para assegurar direitos, equidade e isonomia ao exame. O Enem em Libras representa uma mudança de paradigma na avaliação de pessoas que têm a Libras como primeira língua, configurando um reconhecimento dos direitos linguísticos dessa população. Os resultados de sua aplicação precisarão ser conhecidos e devidamente analisados com vistas a garantir o aprimoramento contínuo da política de acessibilidade do exame.
Perspetivas de famílias sobre as práticas de Intervenção Precoce na Infância: o que nos diz a literatura
Authors: Machado Marisa Alexandra Maia
Published: March 2019

O desenvolvimento das práticas de Intervenção Precoce na Infância é incompleto sem a participação das famílias. Esta dimensão constitui a componente diferenciadora da abordagem centrada na família - eixo das práticas recomendadas internacionalmente para a Intervenção Precoce na Infância.Assim, conhecer as perspetivas das famílias, apresentadas em estudos empíricos, acerca as práticas de Intervenção Precoce na Infância é o propósito deste estudo.Com a formulação de critérios de seleção, que se basearam no ano de publicação; tipo/natureza do estudo; objetivos e sujeitos; procedemos a uma pesquisa abrangente da literatura publicada entre 2011 e 2017, existente nas bases de dados b-on, ERIC, Scopus e Scielo.Após a leitura de 1002 títulos de estudos, identificámos 79 estudos, dos quais lemos o resumo e deste passámos para a leitura integral do estudo. Pelo que encontrámos 14 estudos que preencheram os critérios de seleção e alvos de avaliação.A análise dos resultados foi guiada pelas orientações para a implementação da abordagem centrada na família e, assim, composta em quatro categorias: (1) práticas relacionais; (2) práticas participativas; (3) qualidade técnica do profissional; (4) equipa transdisciplinar.Estes estudos fornecem evidências da importância e utilidade da Intervenção Precoce na Infância e dos seus benefícios para as crianças e suas famílias. Os serviços prestados foram positivamente úteis na compreensão das necessidades e competências das famílias e das suas crianças e contribuíram para o seu desenvolvimento. Emergem contributos de indicadores de competências profissionais.
Transtornos do processamento sensorial no autismo: algumas considerações
Authors: Souza Renata Ferreira de , Nunes Débora Regina de Paula
Published: March 2019

A integração sensorial é um processo neurológico de organização das sensações corporais e do ambiente externo com vistas a emissão de respostas adaptativas pelo sujeito. A literatura científica tem, nos últimos anos, registrado um expressivo aumento no número de estudos que associam a sintomatologia do Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) a falhas no processamento e integração de estímulos sensoriais.  O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever os sintomas do TEA à luz da Teoria de Integração Sensorial proposta por Ayres. Para tanto, serão identificados, com base em pesquisas empíricas, as especificidades dos transtornos do processamento sensorial, evidenciados no TEA e a sua concepção na perspectiva da referida teoria
La prisión provisional en la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Rodríguez López Manuel
Published: March 2019

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El delito de impago de prestaciones por separación, divorcio o nulidad de matrimonio
Authors: Imbroda Ortiz Blas Jesús
Published: March 2019

Nos encontramos ante una de las novedades que incorpora la reforma promovida por la Ley Orgánica 3/1989, de 21 de junio, de actualización del Código Penal. Controvertido y criticado desde su incorporación al Código Penal, voy a efectuar un estudio de las líneas generales en que se configura este delito. El artículo 487 bis del Código Penal dispone: "El que dejare de pagar durante tres meses consecutivos o seis meses no consecutivos cualquier tipo de prestación económica en favor de su cónyuge o sus hijos, establecida en convenio judicialmente aprobado o resolución judicial, en los supuestos de separación legal, divorcio o declaración de nulidad del matrimonio, será castigado con la pena de arresto mayor y multa de 100.000 a 500.000 ptas.".
Il PDTA-HIV nella gestione del paziente cronicizzato: una proposta di documento condiviso
Authors: Iardino Rosaria , Battistella Alessandro
Published: March 2019

[Clinical / care pathways in the management of the chronically ill patient with HIV: proposal for a shared document]Abstract non presente. Si riporta l'inizio dell'editoriale La malattia HIV/AIDS ha visto nell’ultimo periodo un radicale cambiamento nelle prospettive di vita delle persone HIV+ e con esso il delinearsi di uno scenario del tutto differente rispetto alle loro esigenze ed aspettative...
Geomorpho90m - Global high-resolution geomorphometry layers: empirical evaluation and accuracy assessment
Authors: Amatulli Giuseppe , McInerney Daniel , Sethi Tushar , Strobl Peter , Domisch Sami
Published: March 2019

Topographical relief is composed of the vertical and horizontal variations of the Earth's terrain and drives processes in geography, climatology, hydrology, and ecology. Its assessment and characterisation is fundamental for various types of modelling and simulation analyses. In this regard, the Multi-Error-Removed Improved Terrain (MERIT) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is the best global, high-resolution DEM currently available at a 3 arc-seconds (90 m) resolution. This is an improved product as multiple error components have been corrected from the underlying Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM3) and ALOS World 3D - 30 m (AW3D30) DEMs. To depict topographical variations worldwide, we developed the Geomorpho90m dataset comprising of different geomorphometry features derived from the MERIT-DEM. The fully standardised geomorphometry variables consist of layers that describe (i) the rate of change using the first and second order derivatives, (ii) the ruggedness, and (iii) the geomorphology landform. To assess how remaining artefacts in the MERIT-DEM could affect the derived topographic variables, we compared our results with the same variables generated using the 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) DEM, which is the highest quality DEM for the United States of America. We compared the two data sources by calculating the first order derivative (i.e., the rate of change through space measured in degrees) of the difference between a MERIT-derived vs. a 3DEP-derived topographic variable. All newly-created topographic variables are readily available at resolutions of 3 and 7.5 arc-seconds under the WGS84 geographic system, and at a spatial resolution of 100 m under the Equi7 projection. The newly-developed Geomorpho90m dataset provides a globally standardised dataset for environmental models and analyses in the field of geography, geology, hydrology, ecology and biogeography.
The relationship between pigmentations of pupae and insecticide resistance of adults of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)
Authors: Chen Yu-Peng , Wang Gu-Qian , Yu Ting , Peng Xiao-Yan , Li Tao , Gao Zhou , Bai Xue , Zheng Chun-Yan , Liang Guang-Wen , Lu Yong-Yue
Published: March 2019

The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a worldwide pest leading to crop production. The management of B. dorsalis is becoming more and more difficult because of the emerging insecticide resistance. Searching for new and effective methods in managing this pest has become an urgent task. Here, we explored the relationship between pigmentation and insecticide resistance through conducting studies on 5 strains of B. dorsalis (CK, CZ, CB, LC and LX) with various traits of pigmentation and insecticide resistance. Strain CK was a wild strain with brown pupae coloration while strain CZ was a beta-cypermethrin-resistant strain with pupae coloration was brown. Strain CB was a pigmentation mutation strain with white pupae coloration. Strain LC was the female of pigmentation sex genetic strain whose pupae coloration was white. Strain LX was the male of pigmentation sex genetic strain whose pupae coloration was brown. Efficacy tests were employed to evaluate the resistance performance of the 5 trains, transcriptome sequencing and gene quantifications were used to explore the potential genes in both pigmentation and detoxification pathway. The brief of results were as follow:

Results of efficacy tests of the 5 strains with beta-cypermethrin, abamectin and trichlorfon respectively showed that resistances to these three insecticide of strains LX and LC were very low. The corrective mortalities of strains LX and LC in 128 ug/ml of abamectin were 49.48±3.01%, 59.06±1.89% respectively while that of strain CK was 11.80%±1.37. The corrective mortality of strain CZ were lowest in all concentrations level of all test reagent. The resistance of strain CK was similar to CB. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 24 genes and 165 genes were associated with pigmentation and detoxification. Gene expression pattern of strain CK was similar to strain CB while these two strains were different to strains LC and LX, and the gene expression pattern of strain CZ was more similar to strains LC and LX. Results of gene quantifications in B. dorsalis pupae showed that the relative expressions of yellow gene MK529913, DDC gene MK515141, laccase2 gene MK515143 and PO gene MK515140 in brown pupae (CK, CZ, LX) were significantly higher than those in white pupae (CB, LC) while the relative expressions of AANAT gene MK515144 in white pupae were significantly higher than those in yellow pupae. In summary, analyses of gene quantifications and efficacy tests indicated that high expressions of P450 gene, AANAT gene might contribute to resistances of adults of B. dorsalis to beta-cypermethrin and a bamectin; high expression of yellow gene might contribute to resistances of adults which emergenced from brown pupae to beta-cypermethrin and abamectin; high expressions of yellow genes, laccase2 gene, PO gene and DDC gene might contribute to the resistance of B. dorsalis to trichlorfon.
The effects of a 4-week mesocycle of barbell back squat or barbell hip thrust strength training upon isolated lumbar extension strength
Authors: Hammond Alexander , Perrin Craig , Steele James , Giessing Jürgen , Gentil Paulo , Fisher James P
Published: March 2019

Objectives: Common exercises such as the barbell back squat (BBS) and barbell hip thrust (BHT) are perceived to provide a training stimulus to the lumbar extensors. However, to date there have been no empirical studies considering changes in lumbar extension strength as a result of BBS or BHT resistance training interventions. Purpose: To consider the effects of barbell back squat (BBS) and barbell hip thrust (BHT) resistance training programmes upon isolated lumbar extension (ILEX) strength. Methods: Trained male subjects (n=14; 22.07 ± 0.62 years; 179.31 ± 6.96 cm; 79.77 ± 13.81 kg) were randomised in to either BBS (n=7) or BHT (n=7) groups and performed 2 training sessions per week during a 4-week mesocycle using 80% of their 1RM. All subjects were tested pre- and post-intervention for BBS and BHT 1RM as well as isometric ILEX strength. Results: Analyses revealed that both BBS and BHT groups significantly improved both their BBS and BHT 1RM, suggesting a degree of transferability. However, the BBS group improved their BBS 1RM to a greater degree than the BHT group (p=0.050; ~11.8kg/10.2% vs. ~8.6kg/7.7%, respectively). And the BHT group improved their BHT 1RM to a greater degree than the BBS group (p=0.034; ~27.5kg/24.8% vs. ~20.3kg/13.3%, respectively). Neither BBS nor BHT groups significantly improved their isometric ILEX strength. Conclusions: The present study supports the concept of specificity, particularly in relation to the movement mechanics between trunk extension (including pelvic rotation) and ILEX. Our data suggests that strength coaches personal trainers, and trainees can self-select multi-joint lower body trunk extension exercises based on preference or variety. However, evidence suggests that neither the BBS nor BHT exercises can meaningfully increase isolated lumbar extension strength. Since strengthening these muscles might enhance physical and sporting performance we encourage strength coaches and personal trainers to prescribe ILEX exercise.
Dança e diferença: cartografia de múltiplos corpos
Authors: Matos Lúcia
Published: March 2019

O livro Dança e diferença: cartografia de múltiplos corpos ganha a sua segunda edição. Com uma apresentação cartográfica que esboça como novas territorializações estéticas vêm sendo tecidas na dança contemporânea, a obra aborda a análise de produtos coreográficos de grupos de dança que possuem em seu elenco dançarinos com os sem deficiência. Além da análise dos trabalhos dos grupos, o livro contém entrevistas com diretores, coreógrafos e elencos. Portanto, evidencia a existência de redes de relações estabelecidas na contemporaneidade através de conceitos chaves como o de corpo, dança contemporânea, diferença e deficiência.
AN EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF INFLUENCING FACTORS ON THE MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER IN THE CAVITY ROOF VENTILATION
Authors: TEMELJKOVSKI DRAGANA
Published: March 2019

The roof, as a part of the building envelope with the thermal performance that’s a major requirement for guaranteeing a comfortable and hygienic interior climate, provides protection from thermal damage incurred by the sun. To improve this protection ability, the use of a ventilated roof can be considered, which has a ventilation layer known as a cavity, beneath the roof cover panel. Based on the proposed mechanism of heat transfer and the influence of such factors as cavity ventilation, the slope of the roof, intensity of solar radiation, the size and shape of the cavity, and panel profiles, airflow and temperature distribution are analyzed in the cavity, in an effort to improve the cooling effect of ventilation in the cavity of the roof. In this study, the influence of these elements on airflow is studied.
Key words: temperature distribution, cooling effect, air flow, thermal comfort, ventilation channel.
Bacteriological Load in Traditional Food Packaging Paper
Authors: Rana Md. Sohel , Mahmud Shohel , Hossain Md. Arif , Rana Masud , Kabir Enamul , Das Ashish Kumar , Roy Rajib Kanti
Published: March 2019

Aims: To determine bacteriological load of rejected papers used as food packaging materials and assess their prevalence of use by food vendors.

Methods and Results: Food vendors (n=116) were selected purposively from various street food, fast food, small and large dining stalls or hotels located at Jashore, Bangladesh. Paper samples randomly collected from these vendors were later categorized into 5 different types as food wrapping, plate covering, tray spreading paper and hand cleaning. Then, 7 paper samples from these each 5 types were randomly sampled for microbial analysis. Swabbing and defibering methods for bacterial analysis and SPSS for statistical analysis were employed. The number of bacteria by the defibering method was in the range of (1.9×108-7.5×108) Cfu/g. Sample papers tested by swabbing method contained between minimum 1.2×108 and maximum 9.2×108Cfu/cm2. Under swabbing method, the minimum average bacterial count was 2.8×108 Cfu/cm2 in food serving paper samples and maximum 4.7×108 Cfu/cm2 in wrapping paper samples. By defibering method, maximum average of bacterial load was found in tray spreading paper samples as 5.3×108Cfu/g and minimum average was in plate covering paper as 4.4x108Cfu/g. Types of paper samples were not significantly different when compared with each other against their mean bacterial concentration found by swabbing method (F=0.961, p=0.443) as well as defibering method (F=2.227, p=0.09).The mean quantity of paper use per vendor surveyed was as much as 1.26 kg a day. Anticipatedly, quantity extent of paper use (kg/day) based on the types of food shops showed a significant difference (F=3.9, p=0.01), as understandably, paper use among different shops was apparently highly variable.

Conclusions: The paper samples used for food wrapping and packaging showed high bacterial contamination more than standard acceptance level. There is an urgent need to discourage the use of these papers as food packaging material by creating awareness among food vendors and consumers regarding its harmful effects.
Climate Change Adaptation and Tourism: Towards Sustainable Tourism development in Kilimanjaro National Park Mountain, Tanzania
Authors: Lemweli Happy O. , Minja G.
Published: March 2019

Tourism is among the major economic sectors in Tanzania, contributing about 17.5% of the gross domestic product (GDP). However, the sector is facing many challenges including climate change leading to the destruction of tourist attractions. This study clearly identifies the impacts of climate change in KINAPA. Furthermore, the study examines the existing climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies in KINAPA. Also the study analyzes the contribution of climate change adaptation on tourism development in KINAPA and last the study examines policy option for tourism development in KINAPA. The study used cross-sectional in design employing interviews, observations and documentary review data collection techniques. The study involved 90 respondents who were randomly selected among the residents of the three villages adjacent to KINAPA. Furthermore, one month and one week used to collect data from three villages adjacent to KINAPA. Results from the study showed that afforestation, eco-tourism, green tourism, provision of loans, environmental conservation projects, and environmental education were the major adaptation and mitigation strategies for climate change in KINAPA and adjacent villages. In addition, there was a strong relationship of 4.705 between climate change impacts and available resources in KINAPA. The more the climate change the more the resources available were affected. Based on these findings it is recommended that all stakeholders should work together to address climate change adaptation especially those adaptation strategies, which were reported to be low.
Estimation of the Temporal Change in Carbon Stock of Muthupet Mangroves in Tamil Nadu Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Narmada K. , Annaidasan K.
Published: March 2019

Aim: To study the carbon storage potential of Muthupet mangroves in Tamil Nadu using Remote sensing techniques.

Place and Duration: The study is carried out in Muthupet Mangroves for the years 2000, 2010 and 2017.

Methodology: In this study the remote sensing images were processed using the ERDAS and ArcGIS software and the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) has also been applied to estimate the quantity of carbon sequestration capability for the Avicennia marina mangrove growing in the Muthupet region for the period 2000-2017. The formula proposed by Lai [10] was used to calculate the carbon stock using geospatial techniques.

Results: The results show that the mangroves in Muthupet region has NDVI values between -0.671 and 0.398 in 2000, -0.93 and 0.621 in 2010 and -0.66 and 0.398 in 2017. The observation indicates the reliability and validity of the aviation remote sensing with high resolution and with near red spectrum experimented in this research for estimating the the Avicennia marina (Forsk.) mangrove growing in this region. The estimated quantity of carbon di oxide sequestrated by the mangrove was about 1475.642 Mg/Ha in 2000, 3646.312 Mg/Ha in 2010 and 1677.72 Mg/Ha in 2017.

Conclusion: The capacity of the Avicennia marina growing in Muthupet region to sequestrate carbon show that it has a great potential for development and implementation. The results obtained in this research can be used as a basis for policy makers, conservationists, regional planners, and researchers to deal with future development of cities and their surroundings in regions of highly ecological and environmental sensitivity. Thus the finding shows that wetlands are an important ecological boon as it helps to control the impact of climate change in many different ways.
Translation arrest as a protein quality control system for aberrant translation of the 3′‐UTR in mammalian cells
Authors: Hashimoto Satoshi , Nobuta Risa , Izawa Toshiaki , Inada Toshifumi
Published: March 2019

Read‐through or mutations of a stop codon resulting in translation of the 3′‐UTR produce potentially toxic C‐terminally extended proteins. However, quality control mechanisms for such proteins are poorly understood in mammalian cells. Here, a comprehensive analysis of the 3′‐UTRs of genes associated with hereditary diseases identified novel arrest‐inducing sequences in the 3′‐UTRs of 23 genes that can repress the levels of their protein products. In silico analysis revealed that the hydrophobicity of the polypeptides encoded in the 3′‐UTRs is correlated with arrest efficiency. These results provide new insight into quality control mechanisms mediated by 3′‐UTRs to prevent the production of C‐terminally extended cytotoxic proteins.
Photon and electron backscatter dose and energy spectrum analysis around Lipiodol using flattened and unflattened beams
Authors: Kawahara Daisuke , Ozawa Shuichi , Kimura Tomoki , Saito Akito , Nakashima Takeo , Ohno Yoshimi , Murakami Yuji , Nagata Yasushi , Shiinoki Takehiro
Published: March 2019

Purpose

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the backscatter dose and energy spectrum from the Lipiodol with flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter‐free (FFF) beams. Moreover, the backscatter range, that was defined as the backscatter distance (BD) are revealed.

Methods

6 MVX FF and FFF beams were delivered by TrueBeam. Two dose calculation methods with Monte Carlo calculation were used with a virtual phantom in which the Lipiodol (3 × 3 × 3 cm3) was located at a depth of 5.0 cm in a water‐equivalent phantom (20 × 20 × 20 cm3). The first dose calculation was an analysis of the dose and energy spectrum with the complete scattering of photons and electrons, and the other was a specified dose analysis only with scattering from a specified region. The specified dose analysis was divided into a scattering of primary photons and a scattering of electrons.

Results

The lower‐energy photons contributed to the backscatter, while the high‐energy photons contributed the difference of the backscatter dose between the FF and FFF beams. Although the difference in the dose from the scattered electrons between the FF and FFF beams was within 1%, the difference of the dose from the scattered photons between the FF and FFF beams was 5.4% at a depth of 4.98 cm.

Conclusions

The backscatter range from the Lipiodol was within 3 mm and depended on the Compton scatter from the primary photons. The backscatter dose from the Lipiodol can be useful in clinical applications in cases where the backscatter region is located within a tumor.
Distributive quality assurance and delivery of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy treatments amongst beam matched linear accelerators: A feasibility study
Authors: Rijken James , Schachenmayr Hilmar , Crowe Scott , Kairn Tanya , Trapp Jamie
Published: March 2019

Purpose

Beam matching occurs on all linacs to some degree and when two are more are matched to each other, patients are able to be transferred between machines. Quality assurance of plans can also be performed “distributively” on any of the matched linacs. The degree to which machines are matched and how this translates to like delivery of plans has been the focus of a number of studies. This concept has not yet been explored for stereotactic techniques which require a higher degree of accuracy. This study proposes beam matching criteria which allows for the distributive delivery and quality assurance of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) plans.

Method

Two clinically relevant and complex volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) SBRT spine and lung plans were chosen as benchmarking cases. These were delivered on nine previously beam matched linacs with quality assurance performed through ArcCheck and film exposure in the sagittal plane. Measured doses were compared to their treatment planning system predictions through gamma analysis at a range of criteria.

Results

Despite differences in beam match parameters and variations in small fields, all nine linacs produced accurate deliveries with a tight deviation in the population sample. Pass rates were well above suggested tolerances at the recommended gamma criterion. Film was able to detect dose errors to a greater degree than ArcCheck.

Conclusion

Distributive quality assurance and delivery of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy treatments amongst beam matched linacs is certainly feasible provided the linacs are matched to a strict protocol like that suggested in this study and regular quality assurance is performed on the matched fleet. Distributive quality assurance and delivery of SBRT provides the possibility of efficiency gains for physicists as well as treatment staff.
Recent Advances in the Design and Fabrication of Strong and Ductile (Tensile) Titanium Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Luo Shudong , Song Tingting , Liu Bing , Tian Jie , Qian Ma
Published: March 2019

Titanium metal matrix composites (TiMMCs) offer much improved strength, elastic modulus, and wear resistance at both room and elevated temperatures but often at the expense of tensile ductility, which excludes them from most key engineering applications. Recent advances show that this long‐standing strength‐ductility dilemma can be controlled to a large extent by adopting novel design concepts based on powder metallurgy (PM). These include: 1) reinforcing the Ti matrix with a three‐dimensional (3D) network‐like architecture of TiB whiskers or nanowires; 2) the use of nanostructured carbon precursors (nanotubes, fibers, and graphene) to enable in situ formation of TiC reinforcements; and 3) the exploitation of “ductility‐detrimental” interstitial elements (O, N, H) for strengthening. On a laboratory scale, the fabricated TiMMCs all exhibit an excellent combination of tensile strength and elongation, comparable to, or even better than, solution‐treated and aged (STA) wrought Ti–6Al–4V. The mechanisms behind these novel developments are analyzed. New insights into the design and fabrication of stronger and more ductile (tensile) TiMMCs are offered.