bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internalizing problems before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in independent samples of Dutch children and adolescents with and without pre-existing mental health problems
Authors: Fischer Karen , Tieskens Jacintha M. , Luijten Michiel A. J. , Zijlmans Josjan , van Oers Hedy A. , de Groot Rowdy , van der Doelen Daniël , van Ewijk Hanneke , Klip Helen , van der Lans Rikkert M. , De Meyer Ronald , van der Mheen Malindi , van Muilekom Maud M. , Hyun Ruisch I. , Teela Lorynn , van den Berg Germie , Bruining Hilgo , van der Rijken Rachel , Buitelaar Jan , Hoekstra Pieter J. , Lindauer Ramón , Oostrom Kim J. , Staal Wouter , Vermeiren Robert , Cornet Ronald , Haverman Lotte , Bartels Meike , Polderman Tinca J. C. , Popma Arne
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to assess internalizing problems before and during the pandemic with data from Dutch consortium Child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing in times of the COVID-19 pandemic, consisting of two Dutch general population samples (GS) and two clinical samples (CS) referred to youth/psychiatric care. Measures of internalizing problems were obtained from ongoing data collections pre-pandemic (NGS = 35,357; NCS = 4487) and twice during the pandemic, in Apr–May 2020 (NGS = 3938; clinical: NCS = 1008) and in Nov–Dec 2020 (NGS = 1489; NCS = 1536), in children and adolescents (8–18 years) with parent (Brief Problem Monitor) and/or child reports (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System®). Results show that, in the general population, internalizing problems were higher during the first peak of the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic based on both child and parent reports. Yet, over the course of the pandemic, on both child and parent reports, similar or lower levels of internalizing problems were observed. Children in the clinical population reported more internalizing symptoms over the course of the pandemic while parents did not report differences in internalizing symptoms from pre-pandemic to the first peak of the pandemic nor over the course of the pandemic. Overall, the findings indicate that children and adolescents of both the general and clinical population were affected negatively by the pandemic in terms of their internalizing problems. Attention is therefore warranted to investigate long-term effects and to monitor if internalizing problems return to pre-pandemic levels or if they remain elevated post-pandemic.
Older adults’ participation in artistic activities: a scoping review
Authors: Chacur Karima , Serrat Rodrigo , Villar Feliciano
Published: May 2022

This scoping review analyses existing literature on older adults’ participation in artistic activities. It identifies gaps in this research topic and suggests new directions for research. We followed the five-step process defined by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and extended by Levac et al. (2010). Four electronic databases were searched, and 129 peer-reviewed articles were included in the scoping review. Research into older adults’ participation in artistic activities has grown in the last ten years. However, empirical papers tend to focus on the outcomes of older people’s participation in artistic activities, in particular the benefits. Most papers centred on facilitators to examine the antecedents of this type of participation among people in late life. Research about experiences, potentially negative consequences or barriers to older adults’ participation in artistic activities have been largely overlooked. We identified several gaps in the literature, which we classified as: related to the artistic activities that were considered; the potential costs and barriers for older adults’ participation in artistic activities; older adults’ voices and their diversity; the life course perspective; and a contextual view of research on the topic. These gaps suggest challenges that future research on older adults’ participation in artistic activities should consider.
Deconstructing Ecosystem Service Conflicts through the Prisms of Political Ecology and Game Theory in a North-Western Mediterranean River Basin
Authors: Garau Enrica , Pueyo-Ros Josep , Vila-Subiros Josep , Palom Anna Ribas
Published: May 2022

Power relationships, access and control, (in)equity, and (in)justice are key modulators of conflicts arising from ecosystem services between multiple stakeholders. A greater knowledge of stakeholder value systems and behaviors is crucial for understanding socioecological dynamics. We propose an analytical framework that combines political ecology and game theory to analyze water ecosystem services. This integrated framework was used to reinterpret concepts such as common goods, (a)symmetric flows, and (un)fair trade-offs in the context of ecosystem services. The purpose was to gain a better understanding of behaviors and (a)symmetries in power relationships between multiple stakeholders. We studied the case of a north-western Mediterranean river basin using data obtained from stakeholder interviews and newspaper articles. Our findings uncovered different types of stakeholder relationships, ranging from mutual support and cooperation to conflict. The proposed analytical framework shows how social mechanisms can affect ecosystem services flows, potentially facilitating or hindering the development of more equitable management models for natural resources.
Self-harm and Suicidality Experiences of Middle-Age and Older Adults With vs. Without High Autistic Traits
Authors: Stewart Gavin R. , Corbett Anne , Ballard Clive , Creese Byron , Aarsland Dag , Hampshire Adam , Charlton Rebecca A. , Happé Francesca
Published: May 2022

Suicide has been identified as a leading cause of premature death in autistic populations. Elevated autistic traits have also been associated with higher rates of self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicidal self-harm in the general population, but this has yet to be examined in older age. Using baseline cross-sectional data from the PROTECT study, middle-age and older adults with high autistic traits (n = 276) had significantly higher rates of suicidal ideation, deliberate self-harm, and suicidal self-harm than an age/sex-matched comparison group (n = 10,495). These differences represented a 5- to 6-fold increase in likelihood for self-harming and suicidality. These findings, which remained when controlling for depression symptoms, suggest that middle-age and older adults with high autistic traits may be particularly at risk of self-harm and suicidal behaviours.
Personal identity, possible worlds, and medical ethics
Authors: Wagner Nils-Frederic
Published: May 2022

Thought experiments that concoct bizarre possible world modalities are standard fare in debates on personal identity. Appealing to intuitions raised by such evocations is often taken to settle differences between conflicting theoretical views that, albeit, have practical implications for ethical controversies of personal identity in health care. Employing thought experiments that way is inadequate, I argue, since personhood is intrinsically linked to constraining facts about the actual world. I defend a moderate modal skepticism according to which intuiting across conceptually incongruent worlds constitutes ‘invalid intuition-inferences’—i.e., carrying over intuitions gathered from facts about possible worlds that are at odds with facts about the actual world, for the purpose of making claims about real-life persons and their identity, leads to conceptual incongruences. Such a methodological fallout precludes accurate, informative judgments about personal identity in the actual world, calling into question the adequacy of thought experimental considerations for potential real-world applications in medical ethics.
Bodily obsessions: intrusiveness of organs in somatic obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Puranen Joni P.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, I will provide a phenomenological analysis of somatic obsessions at times present in obsessive–compulsive disorder. I will compare two different types of bodily obsessions, which have a different neurological-physiological underpinning: anguishing awareness of one’s own heartbeat and of one’s own breathing. In addition, I will contrast these two with how one experiences one’s own liver. I will use the concepts "tactility obsessions” and "motility obsessions”, which I have coined for the purpose of this comparison. In other words, these are obsessions concerning the felt sense of one’s autonomous organs and obsessions concerning one’s ability to voluntarily move. Ultimately, I claim that the core lived experience in somatic obsessive–compulsive disorder should not only be understood as having to do with intruding and "distorted thoughts” concerning bodily processes, but could also be understood as having to do with a felt sense of our organs interrupting and intruding our daily lives.
Distribution of the geochemical signature caused by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in Misawa harbor, northern Japan
Authors: Frenken Mike , Bellanova Piero , Nishimura Yuichi , Reicherter Klaus , Schwarzbauer Jan
Published: May 2022

The 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami left a characteristic geochemical signature in the sediments of the Misawa harbor on the Aomori coastline (northern Japan), not only in vertical stratigraphy but also in lateral distribution. Suitable indicator compounds for the tsunami impact were used to identify and characterize the distribution of geochemical patterns within the harbor area. Specific compounds are illustrating the different emission sources and distribution during the 2011 tsunami. Petrogenic-derived markers, such as hopanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, provide information about the tsunami-related destruction of facilities and technical material and the subsequent release of, for instance, oil and grease. Linear alkylbenzenes and diisopropylnaphthalene are used to identify sewage-derived contaminants released by the tsunami. Old burden markers such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites or polychlorinated biphenyl signal erosion and rearrangement of contaminants present in the sediments prior to the tsunami. Distribution of the analyzed pollutant groups indicate the tsunami-related release through various emission sources and their potential origin. While petrogenic-derived pollutants revealed a significant local spread with hotspot formation near the release, sewage-derived compounds were widely distributed and originated from a diffuse source not necessarily located in the harbor area. In contrast to freshly released contaminants, old burden markers are characterized by erosion of contaminated pre-tsunami sediment, the remobilization of pollutants and subsequent deposition of these sediment-bound contaminants in the tsunami layer. The correlation between all pollutant groups by their preferred accumulation reveals that source-specific compounds show different emission sources but reveal also a topographical control of the pollutant distribution by the 2011 tsunami.
Disentangling the Causal Structure Between Social Trust, Institutional Trust, and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Glatz Christoph , Schwerdtfeger Andreas
Published: May 2022

Previous research indicates a positive relation between social trust, institutional trust and subjective well-being. Besides theoretical assumptions and cross-sectional relations, only few studies so far examined the causal structure between these concepts. However, previous studies showed contradictory results, possibly due to different methods and datasets used. Hence, we analyzed the causal structure between the three concepts on the aggregate country-level using the European Social Survey, which offers a total of 217 observations from 30 countries, nested in nine time-points between 2002 and 2018. We targeted a causal effect by using a multilevel bivariate cross-lagged analysis. This way we analyzed if previous values of the respective explanatory variable predicts future values of the respective criterion variable. Using this method, we were able to (1) separate the relevant within-country from the between-countries effect, (2) control for different effects in different countries, (3) control for covariates as well as for autoregression of the respective criterion variable over time, and (4) control for residual correlation between the respective criterion variables. Our results suggest a causal effect from subjective well-being to social trust, but little evidence for a reverse causal pathway. Further, we found no effect from social trust and subjective well-being on institutional trust and only small but negative effects vice versa. The results suggest treating social and institutional trust not as preconditions of subjective well-being, but rather as independent facets for the quality of life of a society as already implemented by the OECD’s better-life index, amongst others.
Liberal, Republican, Conservative and Social-Democratic Mindsets? Exploring the existence of Citizenship Regimes in Civic Attitudes
Authors: Janmaat Jan Germen , Green Andy
Published: May 2022

This paper explores whether civic attitudes cluster in ways that correspond to distinct citizenship regimes. Drawing on political philosophy and citizenship literature, it identifies a liberal, a republican, a conservative, a social-democratic and a post-communist regime. These regimes are said to prevail in particular European regions and to show a certain level of stability. Using European Values Study / World Values Survey data, the paper explores whether socio-political attitudes ‘fit’ the theoretical regimes in terms of substance, country membership and durability and whether distinct European citizenship regimes can also be identified at the global level. It finds fairly strong evidence for a social-democratic, a liberal and a post-communist regime of civic attitudes at the European level, but could not find much support for a specific republican or conservative regime. The regimes identified at the European level disappear at the global level. At that level, a group of western countries appears, which distinguishes itself from other countries by showing relatively high scores on a range of citizenship indicators. Thus, it depends on the vantage point whether qualitatively different clusters of civic attitudes emerge that correspond to distinct European citizenship regimes.
BeeAE: effective aspect term extraction with artificial bee colony
Authors: Shi Jingli , Li Weihua , Bai Quan , Ito Takayuki
Published: May 2022

Aspect terms are opinion targets for people to express and understand opinions in reviews. Aspect terms extraction is an essential subtask in aspect-level sentiment analysis. To extract aspect terms from a sentence, existing methods mainly focus on context features generated by pre-trained models. However, these models either neglect the crucial implicit linguistic features, e.g., post-of-tag, head, and head dependency, or fail to explore sufficient valuable features for aspect term extraction, which lead to the deficiency in aspect term extraction task. To address the challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel and effective framework for aspect term extraction by integrating both contextual and linguistic features with the artificial bee colony-based feature selection method. Firstly, a novel variant of artificial bee colony is designed to identify the most valuable linguistic features to reduce the high sparsity and dimensionality of the raw dataset. Next, the selected features and context embeddings are integrated to improve the performance of aspect extraction. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on real-world datasets, and the results exhibit that our proposed framework can outperform the competitive baselines. Compared with the latest baselines, the proposed framework achieves the comparatively higherF1 scores of 80.7%, 84.7%, 72.2%, and 74.8% on the four groups of datasets. Furthermore, the ablation study shows that the proposed method with the designed feature selection module significantly outperforms the method with the original artificial bee colony, having 4.15%, 4.4%, 4.4%, and 3.2% improvements inF1 score on all the four datasets, respectively.
Protective effect of phytogenic plus short and medium-chain fatty acids-based additives in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenged piglets
Authors: Caprarulo Valentina , Turin Lauretta , Hejna Monika , Reggi Serena , Dell’Anno Matteo , Riccaboni Pietro , Trevisi Paolo , Luise Diana , Baldi Antonella , Rossi Luciana
Published: May 2022

Post Weaning Diarrhea (PWD) is the most important multifactorial gastroenteric disease of the weaning in pig livestock. Phytogenic (PHY) natural extracts are largely studied as alternatives to antibiotic treatments in combating the global concern of the antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of innovative phytogenic premix with or without short and medium chain fatty acids (SCFA and MCFA) in O138 Escherichia coli challenged piglets. Twenty-seven weaned piglets were allotted into four groups fed different diets according to the following dietary treatments: CTRL (n = 13) group fed basal diet, PHY1 (n = 7) fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% of phytogenic premix, PHY2 (n = 7) fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% of phytogenic premix added with 2000 ppm of SCFA and MCFA. After 6 days of experimental diet feeding, animals were challenged (day 0) with 2 × 109 CFU of E. coli and CTRL group was divided at day 0 into positive (challenged CTRL + ; n = 6) and negative control group (unchallenged CTRL-; n = 7). Body weights were recorded at -14, -6, 0, 4 and 7 days and the feed intake was recorded daily. E. coli shedding was monitored for 4 days post-challenge by plate counting. Fecal consistency was registered daily by a four-point scale (0–3; diarrhea > 1) during the post-challenge period. Tissue samples were obtained for gene expression and histological evaluations at day 7 from four animals per group. Lower average feed intake was observed in CTRL + compared to PHY2 and CTRL during the post-challenge period. Infected groups showed higher E. coli shedding compared to CTRL- during the 4 days post-challenge (p < 0.01). PHY2 showed lower frequency of diarrhea compared to PHY1 and CTRL + from 5 to 7 days post-challenge. No significant alterations among groups were observed in histopathological evaluation. Duodenum expression of occludin tended to be lower in challenged groups compared to CTRL- at 7 days post-challenge (p = 0.066). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of PHY plus SCFA and MCFA revealed encouraging results for diarrhea prevention and growth performance in weaned piglets.
High efficient removal of lead(II) and cadmium(II) ions from multi-component aqueous solutions using polyacrylic acid acrylonitrile talc nanocomposite
Authors: Abass Mohamed Ragab , El-Kenany Wafaa Mohamed , EL-Masry Eman Hassan
Published: May 2022

This study is interested in the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Sr(II) onto polyacrylic acid acrylonitrile talc P(AA-AN)-talc nanocomposite. P(AA-AN)-talc was fabricated using γ-irradiation-initiated polymerization at 50 kGy. Different analytical tools were used to investigate the functional groups, morphology, particle size, and structure of this composite. The ability of P(AA-AN)-talc to capture (Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Sr2+) as multi-component aqueous solutions was performed by a batch method. Saturation capacity and the effect of (agitating time, pH, initial metal concentrations, and temperature) were investigated. The distribution coefficients at different pHs have order: Pb2+  > Cd2+  > Co2+  > Zn2+  > Sr2+. The saturation capacity decreases by increasing heating temperatures. Reaction kinetic obeys the pseudo-second-order model. Sorption isotherms are more relevant to a Langmuir isotherm, and the monolayer sorption capacity is closed to saturation capacity. Thermodynamic parameters (∆G˚, ∆H˚, and ∆S˚) were endothermic and spontaneous. P(AA-AN)-talc is used for loading and recovery of studied cations in the column system. The study confirms that P(AA-AN)-talc is a promised composite for the sorption of the studied ions from aqueous solutions and should be considered as potential material for decontaminating these ions.

Graphical abstract
Recent progress on optomagnetic coupling and optical manipulation based on cavity-optomagnonics
Authors: Wang Kai , Gao Yong-Pan , Jiao Rongzhen , Wang Chuan
Published: May 2022

Recently, the photon—magnon coherent interaction based on the collective spins excitation in ferromagnetic materials has been achieved experimentally. Under the prospect, the magnons are proposed to store and process quantum information. Meanwhile, cavity-optomagnonics which describes the interaction between photons and magnons has been developing rapidly as an interesting topic of the cavity quantum electrodynamics. Here in this short review, we mainly introduce the recent theoretical and experimental progress in the field of optomagnetic coupling and optical manipulation based on cavity-optomagnonics. According to the frequency range of the electromagnetic field, cavity optomagnonics can be divided into microwave cavity optomagnonics and optical cavity optomagnonics, due to the different dynamics of the photon—magnon interaction. As the interaction between the electromagnetic field and the magnetic materials is enhanced in the cavity-optomagnonic system, it provides great significance to explore the nonlinear characteristics and quantum properties for different magnetic systems. More importantly, the electromagnetic response of optomagnonics covers the frequency range from gigahertz to terahertz which provides a broad frequency platform for the multi-mode controlling in quantum systems.
Informational efficiency and welfare
Authors: Bernardinelli Luca , Guasoni Paolo , Mayerhofer Eberhard
Published: May 2022

In a continuous-time market with a safe rate and a risky asset that pays a dividend stream depending on a latent state of the economy, several agents make consumption and investment decisions based on public information–prices and dividends–and private signals. If each investor has constant absolute risk aversion, equilibrium prices do not reveal all the private signals, but lead to the same estimate of the state of the economy that one would hypothetically obtain from the knowledge of all private signals. Accurate information leads to low volatility, ostensibly improving market efficiency, but also reduces each agent’s consumption through a decrease in the price of risk. Thus, informational efficiency is reached at the expense of agents’ welfare.
A Historical Phonology of Central Chadic
Authors: Wolff H. Ekkehard
Published: May 2022

Of all of the African language families, the Chadic languages belonging to the Afroasiatic macro-family are highly internally diverse due to a long history and various scenarios of language contact. This pioneering study explores the development of the sound systems of the 'Central Chadic' languages, a major branch of the Chadic family. Drawing on and comparing field data from about 60 different Central Chadic languages, H. Ekkehard Wolff unpacks the specific phonological principles that underpin the Chadic languages' diverse phonological evolution, arguing that their diversity results to no little extent from historical processes of 'prosodification' of reconstructable segments of the proto-language. The book offers meticulous historical analyses of some 60 words from Proto-Central Chadic, in up to 60 individual modern languages, including both consonants and vowels. Particular emphasis is on tracing the deep-rooted origin and impact of palatalisation and labialisation prosodies within a phonological system that, on its deepest level, recognises only one vowel phoneme */a/.
Aaron Copland's Hollywood Film Scores
Authors: Musegades Paula
Published: May 2022

A pioneering study of how American composer Aaron Copland helped shape the sound of the Hollywood film industry and introduced the movie-going public to modern musical styles.
Renaissance Papers 2020
Authors: Southeastern Renaissance Conference
Published: May 2022

A collection of the best scholarly essays from the 2020 Southeastern Renaissance Conference, plus essays submitted directly to the journal. Topics run from the epic, to influence studies, to the perennial problem of love and beyond.
A Soldiers' Chronicle of the Hundred Years War
Authors: Curry Anne , Ambühl Rémy
Published: May 2022

A remarkable and very important unpublished chronicle written by two soldiers, covering in detail the English campaigns in France from 1415 to 1429. It lists many individuals who served in the war, and was written specifically for Sir John Fastolf, the English commander.
The Ashburnham Pentateuch and its Contexts
Authors: Awes Freeman Jennifer
Published: May 2022

A fresh interpretation of an enigmatic illumination and its contexts.
Claiming Wagner for France
Authors: Orzech Rachel
Published: May 2022

A pathbreaking study of the Parisian press's attempts to claim Richard Wagner's place in French history and imagination during the unstable and conflict-ridden years of the Third Reich.
They Called You Dambudzo
Authors: Veit-Wild Flora
Published: May 2022

A compelling memoir of Flora Veit-Wild and her relationship with the Zimbabwean novelist, poet, playwright, and essayist Dambudzo Marechera, one of Africa's most innovative and subversive writers, and a significant voice in contemporary world literature.
Roman Warships
Authors: Pitassi Michael
Published: May 2022

An examination of Roman naval development, drawing upon archaeological evidence, documentary accounts and visual representation.
Brain Imaging Abnormalities in Mixed Alzheimer’s and Subcortical Vascular Dementia
Authors: Lee Hyunwoo , Wiggermann Vanessa , Rauscher Alexander , Kames Christian , Beg Mirza Faisal , Popuri Karteek , Tam Roger , Lam Kevin , Jacova Claudia , Shahinfard Elham , Sossi Vesna , Pettersen Jacqueline A. , Hsiung Ging-Yuek Robin
Published: May 2022

Background:

A large proportion of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients have coexisting subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD), a condition referred to as mixed dementia (MixD). Brain imaging features of MixD presumably include those of cerebrovascular disease and AD pathology, but are difficult to characterize due to their heterogeneity.

Objective:

To perform an exploratory analysis of conventional and non-conventional structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in MixD and to compare them to those observed in AD and SVaD.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional, region-of-interest-based analysis of 1) hyperintense white-matter signal abnormalities (WMSA) on T2-FLAIR and hypointense WMSA on T1-weighted MRI; 2) diffusion tensor imaging; 3) quantitative susceptibility mapping; and 4) effective transverse relaxation rate (R2*) in N = 17 participants (AD:5, SVaD:5, MixD:7). General linear model was used to explore group differences in these brain imaging measures.

Results:

Model findings suggested imaging characteristics specific to our MixD group, including 1) higher burden of WMSAs on T1-weighted MRI (versus both AD and SVaD); 2) frontal lobar preponderance of WMSAs on both T2-FLAIR and T1-weighted MRI; 3) higher fractional anisotropy values within normal-appear white-matter tissues (versus SVaD, but not AD); and 4) lower R2* values within the T2-FLAIR WMSA areas (versus both AD and SVaD).

Conclusion:

These findings suggest a preliminary picture of the location and type of brain imaging characteristics associated with MixD. Future imaging studies may employ region-specific hypotheses to distinguish MixD more rigorously from AD or SVaD.
Adjudicating national contexts – Domestic particularity in the practices of the European Court of Human Rights?
Authors: Esmark Magnus , Olsen Henrik Palmer , Larsen Matthias Smed , Byrne William Hamilton
Published: May 2022

The established view in textbooks and legal commentary is that the Court’s case law should be viewed as a coherent whole. In this article, we ask whether European human rights law is as unified and European as is often presumed. Based on a citation network of all Chamber judgments from 1998–2018, we argue that the practice of the Court is to some extent split in different strands of case law, where the Court reuses particular factual and legal arguments against the same state without applying those as precedent against other states. We quantify this phenomenon and exemplify it qualitatively. Our data also suggests that the trend is declining. We explain this by the introduction of the Pilot Judgement procedure and an increasing bureaucratization of the Registry, aligning the citation practices of the Court’s five sections. The article situates itself within a broader debate about both legal pluralism and the principle of subsidiarity inherent to the European human rights system and proposals to bring the Court “closer” to the contracting states. We introduce a new and more diversified view on the Court’s practice, understanding it as perhaps less homogenous than has hitherto been thought.
How we can bring I-O psychology science and evidence-based practices to the public
Authors: Rogelberg Steven G. , King Eden B. , Alonso Alexander
Published: May 2022

It is our contention that industrial-organizational (I-O) science can do many great things for the world of work, but we must first get it out there more readily and fully into the hands of decision makers, policy makers, and the public. This focal article addresses the following topics: (a) Why isn’t I-O science reaching the public? (b) What are good mechanisms to bring I-O science to the public? (c) What are some keys to translation and public consumption? Specific public-facing activities discussed include writing a trade book, writing for trade magazines (e.g., Harvard Business Review [HBR]) and online blogs (e.g., Fortune), leveraging social media (e.g., LinkedIn), submitting op-eds, doing podcasts as a producer and/or guest, and joining a speakers bureau. We also discuss barriers to these activities such as time, reward structures, and skill deficits.
Gambling in Ireland: profile of treatment episodes from a national treatment reporting system
Authors: Condron Ita , Lyons Suzi , Carew Anne Marie
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

Globally, problem gambling prevalence is estimated at between 0.1% and 5.8%. Problem gambling can have many negative consequences; including on physical, and psychological health, and social functioning. There is a need to better understand treatment uptake as only a small proportion seek treatment. This is the first Irish national study using routinely gathered health surveillance data to describe treated problem gambling. Results will inform service policy and planning.

Methods:

An analysis of episodes treated for problem gambling collected by the National Drug Treatment Reporting System was undertaken. Included were episodes entering treatment between 2008 and 2019 (n = 2999). Variables of interest included service types accessed, demographics, socioeconomic information, referral and assessment details, current problems (up to five) and treatment history.

Results:

The majority (93.8%) were male. One fifth (20.9%) lived with dependent children, 7.4% were homeless. There were high levels of employment (35.4%) and formal education qualifications; half (53.8%) had completed second or third level education. Problem gambling frequently co-occurred with problem use of other substances (47.3%), which was most commonly alcohol (85.6%), followed by cannabis (32.3%), cocaine (28.0%) and benzodiazepines (10.9%). The majority were treated at inpatient settings (56.1%) with many self-referrals (46.3%).

Conclusions:

This study provides insights into treated problem gambling nationally. Monitoring and surveillance can play a crucial role in measuring the successful efforts and help inform planning and treatment. The findings may have implications for treatment pathways.
Designing Configurator for Take-Back for a Circular Economy – A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Mallick P. K. , Pigosso D. C. , Salling K. B. , McAloone T. C.
Published: May 2022

Closing the material loop is fundamental to circular economy (CE). However, significant quantities of resources are currently landfilled. Today, companies realise the importance of take-back for CE but face several barriers in implementing it, lack of knowledge, being one such barrier. To address this, a proposal is presented for the design of a configurator to support companies evaluate different approaches, as well as opportunities and challenges for designing and implementing take-back. The paper presents a conceptual framework for the configurator, based on a systematic literature review.
Is Anybody Listening? A Citation Analysis of Healthcare Design Research Articles Published in Design Journals
Authors: Lamé G. , Huynh-Dagher S. , Komashie A. , Jankovic M. , Duong T.-A.
Published: May 2022

Citation is a key metric in academia, and it can help to understand how ideas travel between disciplines. In this article, we report on a citation analysis of forty-four articles identified during a systematic literature review of healthcare design research published in six leading design journals. Using the Web of Science's categorisation of journals, we analyse which disciplines cite these forty-four articles. We find that these articles are much more cited in technology and engineering journals than in health sciences. We discuss these findings and the limitations of the study.
Serious Game Design Principles for Motor Evaluation of Patients with Neurological Diseases
Authors: Pystina X. , Gomes Lisboa de Souza A. , Thomann G.
Published: May 2022

The use of serious games is more and more popular in the medical filed, mainly for home-based rehabilitation therapy. In this context, some design principles were already proposed. Designing serious game for evolution diseases assessment is challenging and necessitates a new approach of this principles. Working with physiotherapists at the origin of the Motor Function Measurement assessment scale, the development of a dedicated serious game is proposed based on new contextual principles.
Knowledge-Based Assistance System for Part Preparation in Additive Repair by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Ganter N. V. , Hoppe L. V. , Dünte J. , Gembarski P. C. , Lachmayer R.
Published: May 2022

For the economic use of repair in the spare parts business, additive repair by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is a promising technology. As material can only be applied to a flat surface in LPBF, prior machining is required. The selection of the section plane requires expert knowledge, though. To provide that knowledge and recommend a suitable section plane, an expert system can be used. In this paper, a concept for such an expert system is presented and its functionality is evaluated by an example.
Approach for Developing Digital Twins of Smart Products Based on Linked Lifecycle Information
Authors: Eickhoff T. , Forte S. , Göbel J. C.
Published: May 2022

The ongoing digitization of engineering processes and the increasing prevalence of smart products create possibilities for new business models and services. Digital twins enable the collection of all required data about a smart product in order to make these possibilities a reality. This paper describes a flexible approach towards a digital product twin that is tightly integrated with existing product models while being lightweight and easy to integrate with existing IT solutions.
Guidance on Application of Agile in Combined Hardware and Software Development Projects
Authors: Drutchas J. , Eppinger S.
Published: May 2022

Agile has its roots in software, improving the pace and quality of development projects. The application of Agile to hardware is less mature, and anecdotal evidence suggests there are specific challenges in this space. Based upon qualitative interviews with organizations working simultaneously across hardware and software applications, this paper presents three key challenges we identified. We also document several useful adjustments to Agile practice which provide a toolset that teams can use to more successfully apply Agile to hardware projects.
Is It Human or Is It Artificial Intelligence? Discerning the Impact and Effectiveness of Process Managers Based on the Manager's Identity
Authors: Gyory J. T. , Kotovsky K. , Cagan J.
Published: May 2022

This work studies the perception of the impacts of AI and human process managers during a complex design task. Although performance and perceptions by teams that are AI- versus human-managed are similar, we show that how team members discern the identity of their process manager (human/AI), impacts their perceptions. They discern the interventions as significantly more helpful and manager sensitive to the needs of the team, if they believe to be managed by a human. Further results provide deeper insights into automating real-time process management and the efficacy of AI to fill that role.
Active-Learning Combined with Topology Optimization for Top-Down Design of Multi-Component Systems
Authors: Krischer L. , Vazhapilli Sureshbabu A. , Zimmermann M.
Published: May 2022

In top-down design, optimal component requirements are difficult to derive, as the feasible components that satisfy these requirements are yet to be designed and hence unknown. Meta models that provide feasibility and mass estimates for component performance are used for optimal requirement decomposition in an existing approach. This paper (1) extends its applicability adapting it to varying design domains, and (2) increases its efficiency by active-learning. Applying it to the design of a robot arm produces a result that is 1% heavier than the reference obtained by monolithic optimization.
Integrating Model-Based Design of Mechatronic Systems with Domain-Specific Design Approaches
Authors: Husung S. , Weber C. , Mahboob A.
Published: May 2022

In addition to the known approaches for product development new or supplementary approaches have emerged. An important approach in this field is Systems Engineering (SE) and Model-Based Systems Engineering. Through these approaches, new procedures, level-focused description concepts and terms come into product development. However there are still some uncertainties as to how the known approaches of product development can be combined with the SE approaches. This paper aims to show how the known development approaches can be extended by and integrated with SE approaches.
Prototyping in Smart Product Design: Investigating Prototyping Tools to Support Communication of Interactive and Environmental Qualities
Authors: Wang J. , Ranscombe C. , Eisenbart B.
Published: May 2022

The increasing availability of smart products creates a more pronounced need for designers to prototype and communicate interactive and environmental qualities of product during their design process. This paper explores which elements of User journey, Storyboards and Wireframes contribute to communicating these qualities, and how they might integrate with sketching. Results show depictions of user and temporal elements alongside low fidelity sketches are deemed most important. Our findings form the basis to propose and subsequently test combined prototyping approaches in future research.
Strength Analysis of Structurally Optimized Aluminium-Composite Tubular Lap Joints
Authors: Jäger M. , Wartzack S.
Published: May 2022

Truss structures are a stiff, economical, and efficient lightweight design, the limiting factor of these structures are usually the load transfer elements. This paper presents an analytical design method for optimized adhesive tubular lap joints between CFRP tubes and aluminium inserts. The analytically optimized design agrees very well with the numerical simulations and experimental results. Although the experiments show a highly non-linear behaviour, where a linear elastic correlation is expected, the total load capacity is only reached when the adhesive is fully plasticised.
Identification of Property Change Impacts Based on Requirements-Oriented, Multi-Criteria Decision Models
Authors: Horber D. , Schleich B. , Wartzack S.
Published: May 2022

As an outcome of the multi-criteria evaluation of different alternatives, product developers receive information on whether the evaluation alternatives meet the demanded property profile. If not, product characteristic and property changes are required, which can have desired and undesired effects. This contribution presents an MBSE-based approach, which extends the relational requirement model by value functions and product properties. Its novelty can be found in the integration of multi-criteria decision models, which are used to improve alternatives based on property change impact analyses.
Autofix – Automated Design of Fixtures
Authors: Nambiar S. , Albert A. P. , Rimmalapudi V. V. R. C. , Acharya V. , Tarkian M. , Kihlman H.
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a framework to develop the automated design of fixtures using the combination of design automation (DA), multidisciplinary optimization and robotic simulation. MDO necessitates the use of concurrent and parametric designs which are created by DA and knowledge-based engineering tools. This approach is designed to decrease the time and cost of the fixture design process by increasing the degree of automation. AutoFix provides methods and tools for automatically optimizing resource-intensive fixture design utilizing digital tools from different disciplines.
Cost Optimization of Product Families Using Solution Spaces: Application to Early-Stage Electric Vehicle Design
Authors: Rötzer S. , Berger V. , Zimmermann M.
Published: May 2022

Companies offer products in different variants to reach more customers. This increases internal variety and cost. However, reducing those cost is difficult due to complexity. Complexity arises from: combinatorics; many design variables interacting with each other; coupling of technical and economical perspectives. This paper presents an approach based on (1) building a complex system model of modular models; (2) identifying the potential for standardization from a technical perspective; (3) cost-optimizing the degree of standardization. A product family of electric vehicles was optimized.
Model-Based Definition Accelerates Product Life Cycle in Manufacturing and Inspection Phase – Experiment of Machined One-Off Production
Authors: Uski P. , Ellman A. , Laine I. , Hillman L. , Nieminen J.
Published: May 2022

The paper focuses on comparative experiment on manufacturing and inspection of two different prismatic one-off parts, which have different complexity. Our experiment shows that transforming product definition method from the Drawing Centric Definition (DCD) to the Model Centric Definition (MCD) enables 28%-29% time savings in manufacturing and inspection phases of machined one-off part's life cycle. Furthermore, transition from MCD to Model-Based Definition (MBD) enables 5%-9% time savings, respectively. Applying of MBD enables more time savings in complex part compared to a less complex part.
Computer Aided Ergonomics: Evaluation Study of a Interaction Model for Digital Human Models
Authors: Wolf A. , Fackler K. , Reulbach M. , Wartzack S. , Miehling J.
Published: May 2022

In user-centred design, digital human models hold the potential for proactive evaluations of ergonomics or discomfort in terms of a computer aided ergonomics tool. Therefore, models predicting human interaction behaviour, are necessary. In this contribution we present such a model as well as its initial evaluation. The evaluation is performed by applying the interaction model to a specific use case, conducting a comparison with an empirical subject study. The evaluation shows that similar and realistic human behaviour was predicted, which was consistent in terms of whole-body strain.
From a Monolithic PLM Landscape to a Federated Domain and Data Mesh
Authors: Hooshmand Y. , Resch J. , Wischnewski P. , Patil P.
Published: May 2022

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is one of the most business-critical IT backbones of manufacturing companies. It often consists of numerous, rigidly interwoven monolithic applications and is seen as synonymous with costly maintenance, lack of extensibility, and poor scalability. This paper proposes an approach for transforming a monolithic PLM landscape into a federated Domain and Data Mesh. This enhances semantic interoperability and enables data-driven use cases by treating data as first-class citizens. User-centric PLM domains moreover help to increase productivity in the workplace.
Prototyping through the Lens of Network Analysis and Visualisation
Authors: Kent L. , Gopsill J. , Giunta L. , Goudswaard M. , Snider C. , Hicks B.
Published: May 2022

Prototyping is a well-established and valued design process activity. However, capturing prototypes and the tacit knowledge that led to and was gained from their creation is a challenge. Beyond that, questions remain on how best to utilise that captured data. This paper looks at how one can exploit and generate insights from data that has been captured, specifically looking at graph databases, the network analysis techniques they permit and the differing fidelities of visualisation and interactivity that they enable.
Feasibility Evaluation of Milling Designs Using Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Plappert S. , Becker C. , Gembarski P. C. , Lachmayer R.
Published: May 2022

During product development, many decisions have to be made that affect the entire product life cycle and often lead to errors that cause additional effort. To proactively support the engineer in evaluating his design in a CAD program, in this paper an approach to evaluate milling designs using a multi-agent system (MAS) is presented. The CommonKADS method is used and the MAS is validated against an application example of a gearbox housing that has been checked for design guidelines, standards, and tool or machine portfolios.
Information Retrieval and Survey Design for Two-Stage Customer Preference Modeling
Authors: Xiao Y. , Cui Y. , Raut N. , Januar J. H. , Koskinen J. , Contractor N. , Chen W. , Sha Z.
Published: May 2022

Customer survey data is critical to supporting customer preference modeling in engineering design. We present a framework of information retrieval and survey design to ensure the collection of quality customer survey data for analyzing customers’ preferences in their consideration-then-choice decision-making and the related social impact. The utility of our approach is demonstrated through the survey design for customers in the vacuum cleaner market. Based on the data, we performed descriptive analysis and network-based modeling to understand customers’ preferences in consideration and choice.
Testing the Usability of Guidelines for the Design of Surprising Products
Authors: Raafat O. , Becattini N.
Published: May 2022

The paper introduces guidelines to support designers to generate ideas for the development of surprising products. The guidelines are structured coherently with the concept of sensory incongruity and the Function-Behaviour-Structure framework to create a mismatch between previously conceived expectations and product features. The usability of the interactive presentation is checked with an experiment that involved more than 30 subjects with a background in product design (mechanical engineers and industrial designers), which demonstrated to be capable of generating ideas using the same.
On the spectrum of non-self-adjoint Dirac operators with quasi-periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Makin Alexander
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we consider non-self-adjoint Dirac operators on a finite interval with complex-valued potentials and quasi-periodic boundary conditions. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a set of complex numbers to be the spectrum of the indicated problem are established.