bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOTEL NUMBER VOICE CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Sylchuk Tetiana , Lakhno Anastasia ,   National University of Food Technologies
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes such a modern hotel innovation as a voice room control system, and also investigates the implementation of this system in hotel management. Existing examples of the implementation of this innovation in the world and in Ukraine were analyzed. The prospects for its development have been determined. Global companies that provide hotel room voice control services are considered. The characteristic features of the operation of the hotel, which has the function of voice control of the room, have been determined. The main possibilities and advantages of the most modern technologies of voice control of the number from those available on the market are considered. A set of voice control functions, which are necessary for solving many tasks in the management of a hotel enterprise, has been studied. It is determined under what conditions the company can receive additional income from the voice control system. The advantages of implementing innovation in hotel management and the benefits for the hotel administration and customers are summarized. The voice control system consists of a smart speaker and smart devices controlled by specialized software. With the help of voice commands, guests will be able to control the temperature and air conditioning of the room, audio-visual systems, order food in the room and tickets for events or transport, leave audio feedback about the stay to the hotel administrators. Also, this system will help to conduct analytics based on the services provided, conducted surveys and feedback. Voice control system can include voice concierge functions so that guests can instantly receive the necessary information related to their stay at the hotel, as well as the ability to quickly contact the administrator. This system also helps free the staff from routine issues and pay more attention to the processes that need their attention. The system is built on a modular basis and the hotel can independently choose the functions that should be in this software, as well as create new ones together with a team of specialists according to its own requirements. For example, an enterprise can choose a module for ordering meals from a hotel restaurant using voice commands.
RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVE TOURISM IN LVIV OBLAST
Authors:   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Danchevska Iryna
Published: March 2023

The article examines the geography of active tourism objects in the Lviv region and analyzes the prospects for their development in the post-war period. The main functions of active tourism are outlined. The role of natural resource potential in the development of active tourism is defined. The resource base possessed by Lviv Oblast for the development of active tourism is characterized. It was determined that Lviv Oblast has significant potential, which is not fully utilized due to poorly developed active tourism infrastructure and imperfect marketing policy. The necessity of forming a positive image of Lviv Oblast in the field of active tourism on the foreign and domestic tourist market for various categories of tourists has been proven. The peculiarities and key trends of development of the tourism industry are highlighted, recommendations are offered regarding the prospects for the development of the tourism industry. The purpose of the article is to study the current state and trends in the development of active tourism facilities in Ukraine on the example of the Lviv region and establish their significance for the development of active tourism in the region. The object of the study is active tourism and its development in the Lviv region. The subject of the study is the tourist potential of the Lviv region and its use for the development of active tourism in Ukraine. On the Ukrainian tourist market, it is difficult to find a tour operator or travel agency that does not have sightseeing tours to Lviv. In addition to a huge number of excursions to historical sights, Lviv region has a great potential to a huge number of excursions to historical sights, Lviv region has a great potential for active recreation. However, not all tour operators are ready to offer active and extreme recreation. Active tourism is a type of tourism travel that is characterized by an active way of moving along the route. Yes, in the condition of war, it is hardly possible to talk about the development of tourism. But it is important for both the economy and society to preserve at least part of its activity. And after the end of a difficult period – direct efforts to its recovery. Therefore, it is already necessary to actively work on the tourism industry.
PRODUCTION DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL PLANT ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Dyvnych Olga , Dyvnych Anatolii ,   Poltava Scientific Research Forensic Center of the MIA of Ukraine, Tsymbalystyi Vladyslav ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors determine the productivity factors of crop production and outline the range of problems associated with the lack of diversification. The importance of national agricultural production for the economy of Ukraine as a whole is emphasized. It is indicated that the intensification of production and cultivation of mainly highly profitable crops led to the narrowing of crop rotations. According to the results of the research, it was established that the existing business model in crop production is based on the scenario of a consistently high yield of agricultural crops. Taking into account dependence on weather factors, the a priori uncertainty of the results of agricultural production worsens due to climate change. It is substantiated that risk reduction in crop production can be achieved by diversification of production. The conceptual basis for the diversification of production activities in crop production is determined, which consists in the redistribution of available resources for the product supply in accordance with the requirements of market demand, and taking into account the influence of institutional mechanisms to achieve a higher level of sustainability. The business entity's incentives for diversification are divided into internal, which consist in the possibility of obtaining economic benefits, and external, caused by the action of institutional mechanisms. Opportunities for each type of product should be evaluated based on the parameters of income from production and the risk of loss of profit. Appropriate efforts are recommended to be directed to more complete use of working capital and creation of added value based on the implementation of innovations. Based on the calculated average indicators of crop production, an analysis of fluctuations in the level of land yield during 2016–2020 was carried out. The dynamics of the degree of management risk as a deviation of the level of profitability of the production of agricultural crops compared to the level of operational profitability of agricultural enterprises were studied. It is substantiated that production diversification is a powerful tool for effectively smoothing out price fluctuations when achieving the forecasted harvest volume and compensating for production losses. It was emphasized that the decision to grow additional agricultural crops should be evaluated in terms of production capability and economic feasibility.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND MOTIVATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MILITARY STATE
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Bortnik Svitlana , Vozniuk Julia ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the development of entrepreneurial activity in general and in the context of today - as a result of the impact of the pandemic and martial law. Entrepreneurship is defined as an independent, proactive, systematic and risk-based activity, the purpose of which is to achieve economic and social results and make a profit. Changes in the classical prerequisites of entrepreneurial activity (economic, political, legal, psychological) and modern prerequisites of development in the conditions of the pandemic and martial law are determined. Its dependence in modern conditions on state support has been proven and its necessity has been substantiated. The change of functions of entrepreneurship (innovative, motivational, resource, social, organizational, personal and protective) in the conditions of martial law is shown. The main principles on the basis of which the role of entrepreneurship in the market economy as a whole is determined are specified. The main motives for entrepreneurial activity are characterized and their significant changes in the conditions of martial law are shown. New motives of entrepreneurial activity (psychological, social and humanistic) are highlighted. The main problems faced by the owners of small, medium and large enterprises have been determined. The importance of state support measures to maximize the protection of entrepreneurship from the impact of adverse situations and effective development as a whole is substantiated and researched. The dynamics of entrepreneurship development for 2018–2021 were analyzed by the number of business entities and the scope of their activities. It has been proven that the activity of individual entrepreneurs occupies the largest share in Ukraine, and therefore is the main business sector, but the quantitative structure does not have a stable trend. Taking into account modern conditions of operation, forecasting of the development of entrepreneurship in the near future was carried out. A drop in the level of business activity, a reduction in the volume of production, works and services, and an increase in the impact of inflation are expected, which, however, should not be evaluated unequivocally negatively.
CREATION OF SYSTEM OF RECRUITING IN THE IT SPHERE
Authors:   Cherkassy Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Gadetska Zoya , Hunko Viktoriia ,   Cherkassy Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of personnel recruiting for IT enterprises. The specificity of the IT sector is that IT companies regularly hire new employees, and with the same regularity, employees are fired for various reasons. Practice shows that a large number of IT companies in Ukraine use recruiting technologies when selecting employees. Recruiting is an assessment of candidates for vacant positions or positions. The article examines the traditional, modern, and newest directions of recruiting personnel in the IT sphere. Recruitment processes for various types of IT companies: product, outsourcing and outstaffing companies have been studied. In order to improve and speed up job search processes by IT specialists and to automate recruitment processes in the IT sphere, a personnel recruiting system project was developed and software implementation of such a recruiting system was carried out. The entire process of creating a software product included the following stages: development of system requirements, design, programming, testing, implementation and support. To build the right structure, the project was divided into two parts – client and server. The developed system of recruiting IT specialists works online. When working with the system, the following main functions can be distinguished, namely: registration in the system, job search, resume creation, functionality for recruiting stages. When you first access the system of IT specialists, the main page of the system opens with the possibility of registration. On the main page, you can see a field for searching for vacancies and a list of existing vacancies in the system. Every IT specialist creates a resume for himself. One of the most important functions of the developed system is the direct process of recruiting a candidate with brief information about his achievements and progress. The recruiting system developed by the authors can be used on the one hand for job search and employment by IT specialists and on the other hand for the implementation of IT personnel recruitment processes for any IT company.
STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF PSYCHOLOGY OF MARKETING PRICING POLICY
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Diadyk Tetyana , Danylenko Viktoria ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: March 2023

The article, using the components of economic psychology, considers the schemes of the decisionmaking process of an individual in the consumption of various goods and services. The peculiarities of marketing pricing in the cost and value approaches are revealed. It is determined that marketing pricing in general and specific prices in particular are the most important factors that determine consumer choice and customer behavior. The right marketing pricing strategy and tactics are the key to business success in many cases. The main thing that determines the demand for a product and its price is its qualities, such as relative rarity and innovation. From the point of view of economic psychology, the author presents and discusses the characteristics of buyer behavior that directly affect his or her attitude to the price level of a product or service and his or her reaction to price changes: psychology of the price barrier; psychological aspects of number perception; psychology of regular or traditional prices; psychology of price comparison; psychology of price perception for large packages of goods or sets of goods; psychology of price decomposition and analysis; psychology of fashion prices, etc. The models of consumer behavior and his/her motivation when deciding on the need to buy and, directly, the purchase of goods are considered. It is substantiated that monitoring of these nuances and their use allows the manufacturer to significantly facilitate the process of pricing its goods and make a more accurate calculation of a "fair" price that will not alienate the consumer. The author considers the psychological aspects that should be taken into account when finalizing the price; analyzes the strategies and tactics of marketing pricing. The most common risks that consumers face in the process of making their choice are analyzed: monetary risk; functional risk; physical risk; social risk; psychological risk. An analysis of consumer behavior based on the proposed models and the risks to which consumers are exposed when making a choice shows that many consumers are not ready, and some do not want to be responsible for making a choice and making a decision. It is determined that there are practically no such generalized formulas that can be used to calculate the optimal actions of marketers in terms of pricing technologies, since there are a number of variables that affect customer behavior: product, budget, external environment, brand, customer mood, and much more.
BANKING SERVICES FOR FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Yevtushenko Viktoriia , Mangushev Dmytro ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Bilovskiy Anton ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: March 2023

Within the scope of banking services for the foreign economic activities of industrial enterprises, commercial banks keep funds in foreign currencies of such enterprises in current and deposit accounts, lend to the export and import activities of such enterprises, carry out international settlements, documentary, currency exchange operations, etc. The article examines the features of banking services for industrial enterprises at the current stage and defines its prospects and tools in the post-war period. It has been established that industrial enterprises try to keep cash balances in foreign currency in the most liquid form, so they either remain in current accounts or are converted into short-term deposits with a term of up to 1 year. Lending in foreign currency tends to decrease and is mostly short-term in nature. The main volume of loans in foreign currency is concentrated in the processing industry, in particular, half of them are in the food industry. As for long-term loans in foreign currency, they are concentrated on enterprises engaged in the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning, as well as enterprises of the metallurgical industry. Lending in US dollars is concentrated in the manufacturing industry, while lending in euros is predominant for enterprises engaged in the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning. There is practically no lending in other currencies. It is proposed to expand banking products of JSC "PUMB" for financing foreign economic activities of industrial enterprises through cooperation with international financial institutions, other domestic and foreign banks, leasing companies. Currently, servicing the foreign economic activities of industrial enterprises is not a priority area of activity, as JSC "PUMB" is reorienting itself to the retail segment and lending to agricultural producers, but in the conditions of post-war reconstruction, we believe that lending to industrial enterprises, in particular in a consortium with foreign banks and international financial organizations, should become one from strategic priorities.
FORMATION OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS AT HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES AS A MECHANISM FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Authors:   International Humanitarian University, Kalaman Olga , Dyshkantiuk Oksana ,   International Humanitarian University, Vlasiuk Karina ,   International Humanitarian University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the communication process in the hospitality industry enterprises, suggests directions for their improvement, considers the structure of the communication process and its bottlenecks, barriers and problems of forming effective communications in the enterprise. It is summarized that communication in the workplace is crucial for establishing and maintaining quality working relationships in organizations as a process of transferring information and common understanding from one person to another. The article proves that effective communication in the workplace is important because every administrative function and activity involves some form of direct or indirect communication. The study shows that in order to increase the effectiveness of communication, including in the hospitality industry, administrators should develop an awareness of the importance of the responsibilities of the sender and the receiver and adhere to active listening skills. The article emphasizes that effective communication skills in the workplace will improve a manager's ability to be a strong leader. It has been found that managers should create an environment in which problems, plans, issues, views, opinions and ideas related to work are discussed and resolved professionally and skillfully through positive and effective communication. The purpose of the article, which was to clarify and highlight the peculiarities of forming effective communications as a mechanism for improving the quality of personnel management in the hospitality industry, has been achieved. The objectives of the article on clarifying the essence of the concept of communication and communication process, identifying criteria for assessing their effectiveness and providing recommendations for strengthening such communications for hospitality industry enterprises have been fulfilled. Promising areas of research that should be focused on analyzing the impact of non-verbal communications on their effectiveness in terms of personnel management in the hospitality industry have been allocated.
STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING THE COMPANY'S FINANCIAL POTENTIAL TO INCREASE THE COMPANY'S INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Troian Vladyslava
Published: March 2023

In order for the enterprise to have constant development, it needs an inflow and attraction of external capital. Since any investors are more than interested in the profitability of their investment by individuals, when choosing an investment object, investors need to carefully calculate the risks and profitability of this investment. Investors strive to reduce the chances of losses to a minimum and get the maximum benefit from investing their own funds, so they evaluate the effectiveness of investments, that is, consider and evaluate such a concept as the investment attractiveness of an enterprise. At the moment, there is no objective method of managing the investment potential of an enterprise, capable of reliably reflecting possible problems of functioning and risks of investing funds in the enterprise. The existing methods of managing the investment potential of the enterprise take into account either an insufficient number of factors necessary for evaluation, or an excessive number of factors to be evaluated, as a result of which it is quite difficult for the investor to isolate the necessary information and make the right decision. Enterprises with below-average investment attractiveness are characterized by low opportunities to increase capital, which is primarily due to inefficient use of existing production potential and market opportunities. Enterprises with low investment attractiveness can be considered unattractive, since invested capital does not increase, but only acts as a temporary source of support for viability, without determining the economic growth of the enterprise. For such enterprises, an increase in investment attractiveness is possible only due to qualitative changes in the management and production system, in particular, in the reorientation of the production process to meet the needs of the market, which will improve the image of enterprises on the market and form new or develop existing competitive advantages. In further scientific research, it is proposed to focus attention on the development of new algorithms for determining the financial potential of the enterprise, the use of which in practical and scientific activities will allow the analysis, assessment and identification of priority factors for managing the financial potential of the enterprise.
ANALYSIS OF THE STIMULATION MECHANISM AND METHODS OF MOTIVATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors:   Kamianets-Podіlskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, Lysak Volodimir , Oliynyk Nadiya ,   Kamianets-Podіlskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University
Published: March 2023

In the article, a study of the evolution and development of views on the motivational mechanism that would contribute to a better motivation of the holders of human capital to fulfill their official duties was carried out. In particular, an analysis of the term "mechanism" and its influence on the formation of the category "motivational mechanism" was carried out. The opinions and various approaches of leading scientists regarding the mechanism of human capital motivation and the use of various motivation methods that will help enterprise managers to achieve better results are highlighted. An analysis of the internal and external elements of the motivational mechanism was carried out. The main needs of human capital were identified and analyzed and their differentiation was carried out. It has been found that in modern conditions of the development of social and labor relations, material motivation more and more often does not fully satisfy the needs of employees, especially at the highest level of management. Social and psychological methods and employees' desire for self-development, training and improvement in order to remain competitive in the labor market play a significant role in the process of motivation. Foreign models of labor motivation, in particular, such as the British model, the Japanese model, the American model, the German model, the Turkish model, and the possibility of their adaptation for motivating the human capital of domestic enterprises were studied. It was found that motivation as a function of management has a direct impact on the psychological state of human capital. Therefore, every manager should develop and implement in management practices such a model of employee stimulation that would be based on a combination of two important factors. The first of which is the satisfaction of the interests and needs of employees who are carriers of human capital. The second is the implementation of strategic tasks facing the enterprise and subordinating one's own interests to the general ones. An analysis of such methods of motivation as: economic, organizationaladministrative, social-psychological, moral, etc. was carried out.
FINANCIAL STABILITY OF A COMMERCIAL BANK AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR ITS EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Fedyshyn Maiia , Chebotar Olha ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: March 2023

Financial stability is one of the prerequisites for the effective functioning of the financial market and its participants in today's turbulent conditions. Within the framework of a commercial bank, financial stability means the bank's constant ability to meet its obligations and ensure profitability at a level sufficient for normal functioning in a competitive environment, as well as ensure purposeful development by transforming resources and minimizing risks, withstanding the influence of external and internal environmental factors. The work examines the content and components of financial stability on the example of a commercial bank, and evaluates the factors affecting it. In order to identify the means of its provision, an assessment of financial activity indicators of JSC "Credit Agricole Bank" was carried out. As a result of the analysis of financial reporting indicators, the satisfactory financial condition of JSC "Credit Agricole Bank" was determined, the basic indicators are within the normative values, but due to the high sensitivity to risks, they are unstable. It is noticeable that before the realization of the risk of a full-scale Russian invasion, all indicators of the bank show consistently high values. The assessment of financial stability through the application of a set of analytical techniques made it possible to identify and evaluate the influence of factors and justify management decisions based on the obtained data. Proposed measures to ensure financial stability in the current conditions, which include: maintaining the stability of the resource base of the banking institution, balanced asset management, timely recognition, proper risk management with the aim of eliminating or limiting them are necessary indicators of maintaining the stable activity of a commercial bank in the war period, taking into account the risk its duration and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy. Strengthening the financial stability of domestic commercial banks and the banking system in general is facilitated by regulatory measures: stress testing and a wide range of NBU macroprudential policy instruments.
ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF LEASE RELATIONSHIPS AT AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Kherson National Technical University, Yeremian Оlena
Published: March 2023

The article of accounting and analytical information at the modern stage of management determines the level of efficiency and effectiveness of management activities, which is of decisive importance in modern management conditions. In this aspect, the sustainable development of business entities depends on the formation of an effective system of accounting and analytical support for enterprise management. The purpose of the article is the formation of accounting and analytical support for the management of lease relationships against the background of the needs of ensuring the sustainable development of economic entities. The main functions of the accounting and analytical provision of lease relationships were analyzed, the economic essence of the lease was disclosed in accordance with P(S)BO 14 "Lease". The components of the organization of the system of accounting and analytical provision of lease relations at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in accordance with the regulatory framework have been studied. One of the most important issues in the formation of an effective and rational system of analytical support for management is the definition of objects, subjects and the purpose of the organization of analysis at a specific enterprise. At agro-industrial complex enterprises, fixed assets are the basis of economic activity. However, in the conditions of the financial and economic crisis, such a specific mechanism for attracting fixed assets as rent is becoming more and more popular. A methodology for comprehensive analysis of farm lease operations has been developed. During the analysis, special techniques of economic analysis, such as horizontal and vertical analysis, were used. An important direction of analytical evaluation is the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of leased fixed assets using a system of cost and physical indicators. An abstract-logical approach was used to generalize the theoretically presented material and form practical conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, proposals were made and relevant conclusions were drawn regarding the improvement of the efficiency of the use of leased fixed assets in the economy, which led to an increase in the profitability of the economy.
CIRCULAR ECONOMY: CONCEPTUAL FEATURES, OBSTACLES TO IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Odessa National Economic University, Klievtsievych Natalііa
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the factors hindering the development of the circular economy were identified, the systematization of which allowed the author to identify five main groups of such obstacles: sociocultural, legislative, informational, technological and economic. The mentioned obstacles are considered from the point of view of the influence they have on various subjects of such a process: the public sector, the private sector, and society. The expediency of dividing the entire diversity of such factors, within the framework of three different subjects, into three main spheres of manifestation: financial and economic, institutional, and technological spheres is noted. It was concluded that the analysis of such obstacles is important for the development of the circular economy in our country. The transition to a closed-loop economy creates opportunities not only for reformatting the entire logic of value creation, with the motivation of reducing pressure on ecosystems, but a comprehensive shift in favor of longterm sustainability in order to ensure economic, environmental and social benefits. This approach requires the application of progressive innovative solutions at all stages of the product life cycle. The main goal of circular business models is to preserve resources in circulation (cycle) as long as possible, as well as to replace resources that are completely renewable, recycled or biodegradable. Circular business models involve companies in increasing the efficiency of product use and disposal to create new opportunities for resource reuse, product sharing, and optimization of the entire value chain. It has been established that, from the point of view of public administration bodies, the assessment of the significance of such obstacles is necessary both for the formation of resource-efficient state policy and for the identification of levers for increasing interest in the use of secondary resources. For companies that concentrate or process waste, such an assessment will be useful when considering the issue of implementing circular technological cycles. For enterprises that use secondary raw materials and waste in their activities, overcoming barriers is very important for their further development. For consumers who use products from secondary raw materials, this is also very important, because the formation of consumer demand for ecological goods contributes to the formation of an economy that cares for nature, and the everyday choices of millions of consumers significantly affect the environment.
Autumn-winter diet of three carnivores, European mink (Mustela lutreola), Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) and small-spotted genet (Genetta genetta), in northern Spain
Authors:   Direcció General del Medi Natural, Barcelona, Spain, Palazón S. , Ruiz-Olmo J. ,   Direcció General del Medi Natural, Barcelona, Spain, Gosálbez J. ,   Univ. de Barcelona, Spain
Published: March 2023

This study describes the autumn-winter diet of three carnivores (Mustela lutreola, Lutra lutra and Genetta genetta) in northern Spain. Diet composition was analysed from 85 European mink, 156 otter and 564 spotted genet fecal samples The European mink diet was based on small mammals (relative frequency of occurrences 38.1%), fish (30.9%) and birds (16.7%). Spotted genet consumed mainly small mammals, birds and fruits, whilst otter predated practically only fish (95%). Using Levins’ index, trophic-niche widths in European mink, small-spotted genet and Eurasian otter were 3.76, 3.77 and 1.10, respectively. The trophic niche overlap by Pianka index for autumn-winter was 0.77 for European mink vs. Small-spotted genet, and 0.60 for European mink vs. otter. The average size of brown trout taken by otter was larger than those consumed by European mink.
Bias in density estimations using strip transects in dry open-country environments in the Canary Islands
Authors:   Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Spain, Carrascal L. M. , Seoane J. ,   Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Spain, Palomino D. ,   SEO/BirdLife, Madrid, Spain
Published: March 2023

We studied bias in density estimations derived from strip transects in dry open-country in the Canary Islands. We also present some critical remarks on García-del-Rey’s (2005) paper regarding strip transects and the validity of comparisons based on population densities of birds in scrublands on Tenerife island using two different methods: territory mapping and strip transect sampling. Although strip transects with census belts of 25 m do not account for detectability, this method only slightly undervalues true density estimates, and allowed to detect more than 85% of birds present in poorly vegetated environments in the Canary Islands. Previously published works on distribution and abundance of terrestrial birds in the Canary Islands using the strip transect sampling with belts of 25 m on both sides of the observer, thus provide reliable information that only slightly underestimates true densities.
Microhabitat occupation and functional morphology of four species of sympatric agamid lizards in the Kyzylkum Desert, central Uzbekistán
Authors:   Arthur Rylah Inst. for Environmental Research, Australia, Clemann N. , Melville J. ,   Museum of Victoria, Australia, Ananjeva N. B. ,   Zoological Inst., Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia, Scroggie M. P. ,   Arthur Rylah Inst. for Environmental Research, Australia, Milto K. ,   Zoological Inst., Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia, Kreuzberg E. ,   Ontario, Canada
Published: March 2023

We examined microhabitat occupation and functional morphology of four sympatric agamid lizards (Phrynocephalus helioscopus helioscopus, P. interscapularis, P. mystaceus galli and Trapelus sanguinolentus) at three sites in the arid zone of central Uzbekistan. At two sites located in sand dunes, substrate attributes played a key role in habitat selection by three syntopic species. At a third flat, stony site, P. helioscopus selected habitat non–randomly, tending to occur close to sparse, low vegetation. Syntopic taxa were separated in morphospace, and there was a trend for taxa with proportionally longer limbs to have faster field escape speeds. Field escape distances and predator avoidance tactics differed between species, with two main escape strategies (crypsis or sand–diving following an escape sprint). We caution that broad–scale threatening processes such as over–grazing and salinity may be having a detrimental effect on microhabitat features important to terrestrial reptiles in Uzbekistan.
UNDERSTANDING WHY MOTHERS CAN LOSE CHILD CUSTODY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Kadir Rokiah , Abdullah Raihanah , Mokhlis Safiek
Published: March 2023

Custody decisions are tailored to the circumstances of each case based on related principles with protection of child welfare as courtsâ€™ paramount consideration. This paper seeks to understand custody issue from quantitative viewpoint through a conceptual model and examines how child custody principles have influenced loss decisions for mothers. The methodology used was content analysis and Chi-Square correlation, with usable data provided by 47 cases decided in Malaysia between 1987 and 2017 based on Act 303. Coding instrument and conceptual framework were developed with items covering presumption of maternal custody, custodian qualification and loss of rights, childâ€™s and motherâ€™s wishes. The findings revealed that mothers were less likely to lose custody cases and when they did their defeats were strongly influenced by factors relating to childrenâ€™s preference and status quo arrangement. The results contribute to an understanding of how mothers can lose custody of their children and clarify whether some of the independent variables are used more regularly and are more predictive of the loss decisions than the others.
CUSTOMARY LAND RIGHTS OF ORANG ASLI: A CASE STUDY IN KAMPUNG PARIT GONG, NEGERI SEMBILAN, MALAYSIA
Authors: Khan Intan Nadia Ghulam , Mohd Kamilah Wati , Mohd Hassan Fareed , Wook Izawati
Published: March 2023

The Orang Asli group forms a minority community in Peninsular Malaysia, whose livelihood mostly depends on their land and the surrounding area. Dispute over customary land rights of Orang Asli has been continual in Malaysia although Malaysian Courts, in several cases, have upheld the Common Law rights of Orang Asli to their customary lands. This poses a challenge to some Orang Asli communities and State Governments. Based on focus group discussion, profiling survey, and library research methods, this paper analyses the land rights of Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia, by placing focus on Orang Asli in Kampung Parit Gong, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan. The findings indicate that the Kampung Parit Gong Orang Asli community has been strictly adhering to the customs of â€˜adat perpatihâ€™ since yesteryears, and that they highly value the land, both through usage of land and by inheritance. Several important concerns were raised by the Orang Asli in Kampung Parit Gong, particularly on the security over their rights on the said customary land and the guarantee of their future generationsâ€%9
PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO MITIGATE THE RISK OF FRAUD IN LETTERS OF CREDIT TRANSACTIONS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Rafique Rushmila Bintay , Venugopal Vijayalakshmi
Published: March 2023

This article attempts to analyse the issue of fraud in letters of credit (LC) transactions, also known as documentary credits. There are numerous reported cases of fraud in LC transactions, which remain a continuing risk. The UCP 600 is a popular standard of practice for banks, which confirms that banks must honour payment to the seller upon full compliance with the documentary credit requirements. Such payments have been made despite being presented with falsified documents or substandard goods being delivered. It might not be realistic to expect that the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) can create global standards relating documentary credits, which cover the practicalities of the existing system and relevant legalities applicable to the letter of credit system in international trading. Each party involved may have a responsibility to take some preventive measures to mitigate the risk of fraud. The doctrinal method is used to conduct this study because it involves an in-depth analysis of the gap within the Malaysian system and the strategies that maybe be adopted to overcome the risks associated with LC fraud. Findings reveal that LC documents can be easily falsified, and the occurrence of LC fraud is not uncommon in Malaysia. However, given the lack of literature it has not been highlighted in the past couple of years. The primary focus of this article is to suggest preventive measures that the respective parties could take to protect themselves from fraudulent dealings involving LCs.
THE PRE-CONTRACTUAL DUTY OF DISCLOSURE IN THE PALESTINIAN CIVIL CODE DRAFT AND ITS ROLE IN MAINTAINING ECONOMIC CONTRACTUAL EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: Mohammad  Amayreh Osama Ismail , Mohamad Zakri Izura Masdina , Tehrani Pardis Moslemzadeh , Shandi Yousef Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Many recent legislations and international principles tend to apply the pre-contractual duty of disclosure as one of the most substantial principles governing the pre-contracting phase, such as Article 1112-1 of the Amended French Civil Code of 2016, Article 1337 of the Amended Italian Civil Code and Article 13 of chapter 2 of the Common European Sales Law, etc. However, the Palestinian legislature has ignored enacting legal provisions imposing the pre-contractual duty of disclosure which causes legislative deficiencies in the legislative remedies of the subject of pre-contractual duty of disclosure. In this regard, this paper suggests orientations for the formulation of the provisions of the pre-contractual duty of disclosure in the Palestinian Civil Code Draft (PDCC). To do so, a comparative analytical approach with the French civil code is used to illustrate the Palestinian legislative deficiencies and the urgent need to legislate a legal article which obligates the negotiating party to disclose any substantial information for the satisfaction of the other party. As such, the contractual equilibrium entails that the pre-contractual duty of disclosure has its own independent essence from all the theories that the jurisprudence adopted as a legal basis for this duty.
REGULATING BIOSAFETY OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS IN INDONESIA: LIMITS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Ulum Muhammad Bahrul
Published: March 2023

The global use of genetically modified (GM) crops is rapidly expanding. While the advent of this agricultural biotechnology offers new promises to cater to the rising demand for Indonesiaâ€™s food security, the government should ensure its safety. This paper examines the regulatory regime over biosafety in Indonesia by considering the global fragmentation of biosafety regulation that debates its impact on environmental and health aspects. After Indonesia ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which both specifically become the global guideline on how domestic biosafety policies are regulated, environmental and health issues are among the priorities which the use of GM crops contests to the precautionary approach. Amidst the insufficient scientific ground on its safety, GM crops' use is supposed to result in adverse impacts, and the suspicion over the safety of such a new cutting-edge agricultural technology ended with a series of rejections. This paper's results reveal that amongst the global contention over the regulatory regime on biosafety, which resulted in the bifurcation of the biosafety regulation, Indonesia has added to the new polarization. This polarization includes the release of GM crops certification, and Indonesia's desire to regulating biosafety deliberates over the definition and translation of biosafety in the domestic regulatory regime against the global regulatory diversity of biosafety.
INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF MALAYSIAN LAWS
Authors: Mohammed Na'aim Mohd Safri , Rajamanickam Ramalinggam , Nordin Rohaida
Published: March 2023

In Malaysia, matters pertaining to domestic violence are governed by the Domestic Violence Act 1994 (DVA 1994) (Act 521). The DVA 1994 uses the term â€œdomestic violenceâ€ rather than â€œintimate partner violenceâ€ (IPV). Definition of domestic violence not only describe the types of domestic violence are, it also identifies the victims of domestic violence. Those who fall under the category of domestic violence victims may seek legal protection under the DVA 1994 namely protection orders, compensation and access to a rehabilitation programme. Unlike domestic violence, the term â€˜IPVâ€™ is not defined by the DVA 1994. This may raise a question regarding the status of IPV victims on whether they are protected under the said Act. The research examines the definitions of domestic violence and IPV, how the DVA 1994 protects domestic violence victims, and to what extent legal protection is given to IPV victims. This article adopts the doctrinal legal research involving a detailed analysis of the DVA 1994, the Penal Code (Act 574), the Criminal Procedure Code (Act 593) and case law. This research found that the definition of IPV within the DVA 1994 arguably cover only spouses and former spouses, leaving other unmentioned intimate relationships such as cohabitation and dating partner outside of the application of the Act. Although not covered by the DVA 1994, if individuals in such relationships are harmed by their partners, they can lodge a police report for violation of the criminal provisions of the Penal Code for legal action to be taken.
Factors Determining Poverty Rate in Sulawesi and Maluku in 2010-2019
Authors: Djirimu Mohamad Ahlis
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of economic growth, education level, health status, and inflation on Sulawesi and Maluku Islands' poverty in the 2010-2019 period. Data were analyzed using the panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM). The results indicated that economic growth positively and significantly affected the poverty rate, while the average length of schooling and life expectancy had a negative and significant impact. Conversely, inflation negatively but insignificantly affected poverty in Sulawesi and Maluku Islands.
The Influence of Time Budget Pressure, Time Deadline Pressure and Work Stress on Audit Quality of External Auditor
Authors: Iksan Dodik Juliardi
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to  try  the  goods of time pressure, deadline pressure, and work pressure on  test quality among PAF observers in Malang City. The  logical model  exercised is a  multitudinous retrogression  dissection where the dependent variables are time pressure( X1), deadline pressure( X2), job pressure( X3) and the independent variable is  test quality( Y). The study population was his PAF accountants in Malang, totaling 86. The sample  exercised  comported of her 52 repliers,  utilizing a accessible sample of his eight account  enterprises( PAF) in Malang  megacity. A Likert scale( 1- 4) questionnaire is  exercised for the  dimension. Data source is primary. This study shows that time pressure, deadline pressure, and job pressure don't affect the quality of  foreign  checkups.  terminations of this study are that the questionnaire  effects don't  give his 100 valid comebacks due to lack of  management, that the repliers are  pacified by  youthful observers, and that the study  effects are in this range. Secondly, it can not be generalized to  multitudinous regions in Indonesia. Research will be limited to a  defined bone in Malang City.