bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Race Might Help Us Find "Lost" Women's Writing
Authors: MacDonald Joyce
Published: June 2021

Abstract: This essay argues that the underrepresentation of women writers in the institution of early modern literature is an academic symptom of a larger social prejudice against women. It finds an earlier example of a robust academic response to prejudice on the field—a response that reached beyond the field's borders to engage with the social engines driving that prejudice—in the early twentieth-century work of Dr. Carter Woodson to help build the field of African American history. While denying any exact analogy between Woodson's situation and that facing contemporary scholars of Renaissance women's writing, the paper does argue that an effective way forward from the current impasse might be an adaptation of Woodson's explicitly antiracist politics for feminist ends, with scholars combining a consistent political critique of misogyny with consistent efforts to build intellectual community for themselves and to work for the institutional stability that can support it.
Gaussian noise level estimation for color image denoising
Authors: Guo Xue , Liu Feng , Tian Xuetao
Published: June 2021

Noise level is an important parameter in many visual applications, especially in image denoising. How to accurately estimate the noise level from a noisy image is a challenging problem. However, for color image denoising, it is not that the more accurate the noise level is, the better the denoising performance is, but that the noise level higher than the true noise can achieve a better denoising result. For better denoising, we propose a statistical iterative method based on low-rank image patches. We select the low-rank patches in the image and calculate the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of these patches. Unlike the existing methods that take the smallest eigenvalue as the estimated noise level, the proposed method analyzes the relationship between the median value and the mean value of the eigenvalue according to the statistical property and selects an appropriate number of eigenvalues to average as the estimated noise level. Extensive experiments are conducted, demonstrating that our estimated noise level reaches the highest value of all comparison methods. And the denoising results on color images of our method outperform all the state-of-the-art methods and the true noise level.
Stimulating polarization switching dynamics in mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Spitz Olivier , Herdt Andreas , Elsässer Wolfgang , Grillot Frédéric
Published: June 2021

A unique feature of quantum cascade lasers relies on the ultrafast carrier relaxation lifetime that occurs on a picosecond time scale. Furthermore, the very sharp electronic transitions among the conduction-band states (subbands) lead to specific selection rules, which in theory exclude the TE-polarized light emission. Under cross-polarization reinjection, we stimulate the polarization switching dynamics in such an intersubband device. The mid-infrared modulation signal is phase-shifted between the TM mode and the TE mode, with a typical microsecond time scale different from pure time-delay dynamics. We also prove that both the frequency and the duty cycle of the modulated pattern can be slightly tuned by varying the characteristics of the reinjected light. These results reveal the possibility of favoring the TE polarization in a quantum cascade laser and generating a square-wave modulation with cross-polarization reinjection.
Economic and disease burden of Japanese encephalitis in Zhejiang Province, 2013–2018
Authors: Deng Xuan , Yan Rui , Li Zi-qiao , Tang Xue-wen , Zhou Yang , He Hanqing
Published: June 2021

Background

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne disease and associated with high mortality and disability rate among symptomatic cases. In the absence of local data, this study estimated the economic burden and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to JE in Zhejiang Province, China during 2013–2018, to increase disease awareness and provide evidence for effective health policy.

Methodology/Principle findings

We merged multiple data sources, including National Notifiable Disease Registry System (NNDRS), patient interviews and medical records from corresponding hospitals for JE cases which occurred during 2013–2018 in Zhejiang Province. Direct costs were extracted from hospitals’ billing systems and patient interviews. Indirect costs and disease burden were calculated based on questionnaire survey from patient interviews and follow-up assessment by general practitioners. Given under-reporting, an expansion factor (EF) was applied to extrapolate the JE burden to the provincial level. The total economic burden of JE during 2013–2018 was estimated at US $12.01 million with an EF = 3. Of this, $8.32 million was due to direct economic cost and $3.69 million to indirect cost. The disease burden of JE was 42.75 DALYs per million population (28.44 YLD, 14.28 YLL) according to the 1990 Global Burden of Disease (GBD 1990) methodology and 80.01 DALYs (53.67YLD, 26.34YLL) according to the GBD 2010 methodology. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the overall economic burden varied from US$ 1.73–36.42 million. The greatest variation was due to the prognosis of illness (-85.57%-203.17%), followed by occupation (-34.07%-134.12%) and age (-72.97%-47.69%).

Conclusions/Significance

JE imposes a heavy burden for families and society in Zhejiang Province. This study provides comprehensive empirical estimates of JE burden to increase awareness and strengthen knowledge of the public. These data may support provincial level public health decision making for prevention and control of JE. Ongoing surveillance for acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome (AEMS) in sentinel hospitals, is needed to further refine estimates of JE burden.
A real-world evaluation of radium-223 in combination with abiraterone or enzalutamide for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Kim Stephanie I. , Szeto Andy H. , Morgan Katherine P. , Brower Blaine , Dunn Mary W. , Khandani Amir H. , Godley Paul A. , Rose Tracy L. , Basch Ethan M. , Milowsky Matthew I. , Whang Young E. , Crona Daniel J.
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Radium-223, abiraterone, and enzalutamide have each been shown to significantly improve survival as monotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, effects of combination radium-223 plus abiraterone or enzalutamide on survival and safety remain unclear.

Patients and methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases who were treated with radium-223 between April 1, 2014 and February 19, 2019. Patients who received radium-223 monotherapy were compared to patients who received a combination of radium-223 plus either abiraterone or enzalutamide. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, time to symptomatic skeletal event, symptomatic skeletal event-free survival, and incidence of drug-related adverse events. Time-to-event analyses were estimated by log rank tests using Kaplan-Meier curves. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were derived from Cox proportional hazards models. Chi-square tests evaluated difference in serious adverse events between the two arms.

Results

A total of 60 patients met inclusion criteria (n = 41 in the monotherapy arm, n = 19 in the combination arm). Differences in median overall survival were not observed (12.7 vs. 12.8 months; HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.59–2.23; P = 0.68), but median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the combination arm (7.6 vs. 4.9 months; HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.11–3.40; P = 0.02). Significant differences were not observed in time to first SSE (P = 0.97), SSE-free survival (P = 0.16), or in the overall incidence of serious adverse events (P = 0.45).

Conclusion

Combination radium-223 plus abiraterone or enzalutamide did not improve overall survival, but prolonged progression-free survival without increasing the incidence of serious adverse events in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with bone metastases. However, these results are limited by small numbers and patient selection inherent in retrospective analysis.
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF FOUR FRAILTY MEASURES IN AN OLDER AUSTRALIAN POPULATION: A RASCH ANALYSIS
Authors: WIDAGDO I.S. , PRATT N. , RUSSELL M. , ROUGHEAD E.E.
Published: June 2021

Individuals identified as frail have been shown to be at an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. However, there is no gold standard frailty measure and frailty status can vary depending on the measure used, suggesting the measures perform differently. Construct validity can be used to assess a measure’s performance. This study aimed to examine the construct validity of four frailty measures in an Australian older population using Rasch analysis. Frailty status among the 2087 participants aged 65 years and above from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA) was assessed using: frailty phenotype - FP, simplified frailty phenotype - SFP, frailty index - FI, and prognostic frailty score – PFS. Rasch analysis was used to assess the unidimensionality of the measures, which is the extent to which the underlying characteristic of frailty is assessed. The criteria for unidimensionality from principal component analysis of the residuals was when 50% or more of the raw variance was explained by the measures, and less than 5% was unexplained variance. Only FI meet the unidimensionality criteria with 74% of explained variance and 2.1% of unexplained variance. SFP did not show a unidimensional construct with 13.3% of explained variance and 47.1% of unexplained variance. FP and PFS had 39.6%, 18.1% and 46.5%, 8.7% of explained and unexplained variance, respectively. Our findings showed that FI has better construct validity than the other three measures in assessing frailty among the Australian older population.
RESISTANCE TRAINING AND CO-SUPPLEMENTATION WITH CREATINE AND PROTEIN IN OLDER SUBJECTS WITH FRAILTY
Authors: COLLINS J. , LONGHURST G. , ROSCHEL H. , GUALANO B.
Published: June 2021

Background: Studies assessing the effects co-supplementation with creatine and protein, along with resistance training, in older individuals with frailty are lacking. Objectives: This is an exploratory trial from the Pro-Elderly study (“Protein Intake and Resistance Training in Aging”) aimed at gathering knowledge on the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of co-supplementation with creatine and protein supplementation, combined with resistance training, in older individuals with frailty. Design: A 14-week, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo controlled exploratory trial. Setting, participants: The subjects were randomly assigned to whey protein and creatine co-supplementation (WHEY+CR) or whey protein supplementation (WHEY) group. All subjects undertook a supervised exercise training program and were assessed at baseline and after 14 weeks. Measurements: Muscle function, body composition, blood parameters, and self-reported adverse events were assessed. Results: No interaction effects (between-group differences) were observed for any dependent variables (p > 0.05 for all). However, there were main time-effects in handgrip (WHEY+CR = 26.65 ± 31.29; WHEY = 13.84 ± 14.93 Kg; p = 0.0005), timed-up-and-go (WHEY+CR = -11.20 ± 9.37; WHEY = -17.76 ± 21.74 sec; p = 0.006), and timed-stands test (WHEY+CR = 47.50 ± 35.54; WHEY = 46.87 ± 24.23 reps; p = 0.0001), suggesting that WHEY+CR and WHEY were similarly effective in improving muscle function. All of the subjects showed improvements in at least two of the three functional tests, regardless of their treatments. Body composition and blood parameters were not changed (p > 0.05). No severe adverse effects were observed. Conclusions: Co-supplementation with creatine and whey protein was well-tolerable and free of adverse events in older subjects with frailty undertaking resistance training. Creatine supplementation did not augment the adaptive effects of resistance training along with whey protein on body composition or muscle function in this population. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01890382.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERCEIVED ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION AND HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM THE NATIONAL LATINO & ASIAN AMERICAN STUDY (NLAAS)
Authors: SIORDIA C. , COVINGTON-WARD Y.D.
Published: June 2021

Background: The field of aging studies continues to better understand between-racial-group health disparities. Previous work provides empirical evidence for a statistical relationship between perceived discrimination and adverse health across all age groups. Specific Aim: We contribute to the literature by investigating the quantitative relationship between Perceived Ethnic Discrimination (PED), Self-Rated Physical Health (SR-PH), Self-Rated Mental Health (SR-MH), and their combined score (SR-PH-MH). Setting & Design:The cross-sectional observational study used data collected between 2002 and 2004 from the National Latino and Asian American Study (n=4,559; average age=41; 54% female; 18% Mexican; 36% Non-Mexican Latinos; 12% Chinese; 31% Non-Chinese Asians). We provide descriptive statistics for those below and at or above age 65. Results: Multivariable linear models adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, education, body mass index, and neighborhood perception provide evidence that although a small effect, PED explains between-people variance in SR-PH (β=-0.01; α=0.001), SR-MH (β=-0.03; α=0.001), and SR-PH-MH (β=-0.04; α=0.001). Conclusions: The analysis supports arguments that PED has a non-random association with health. As we continue to explore novel measures of frailty, markers of social stress should be considered.
Biliary Obstruction After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement
Authors: Patel Feenalie , Bick Benjamin
Published: June 2021

A 19-year-old man with noncirrhotic portal hypertension status post transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, gastric esophageal varices status post coil embolization, and thrombophilia because of Factor V Leiden heterozygosity presented with jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. His cholangiogram during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated biliary tract obstruction at the bifurcation of the right and left hepatic ducts. With the aid of digital single-operator cholangioscopy, the patient was found to have a perforation of the common hepatic duct from the shunt. This case presents a novel use for digital single-operator cholangioscopy in identifying this rare complication and appropriately differentiating biliary compression vs perforation from transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
On the stimulation of the de-excitation of nuclear isomers in plasma of a high-current electric discharge
Authors: KOLTCOV VLADIMIR
Published: June 2021

The prospects of stimulated de-excitation of nuclear isomers (SDENI) with a trigger transition energy ∆E up to ∼ 1 keV in a plasma of a high-current electric discharge (HCED) with an electron temperature θ ∼ ∆E are discussed. An estimate of the probability of the SDENI process in plasma by the mechanism of nuclear excitation by electron capture (NEEC) is obtained. Themost promising for the SDENI study are isomers 229mTh (∆E ≈ 8 eV), 235mU (∆E = 76 eV), 110mAg (∆E = 1128 eV). To create an energy source most promising isomer is 186m Re (∆E is unknown) with a half-life of 2 × 105y, for which stimulated de-excitation in the laser plasma had beenalready observed at θ ∼ 1 keV.
Padovan numbers that are concatenations of two distinct repdigits
Authors: Ddamulira Mahadi
Published: June 2021

Let (Pn
)
n≥0 be the sequence of Padovan numbers defined by P
0 = 0, P
1 = 1 = P
2, and P

n+3 = P

n+1 +Pn
for all n ≥ 0. In this paper, we find all Padovan numbers that are concatenations of two distinct repdigits.
A general inverse matrix series relation and associated polynomials – II
Authors: Sanjhira Reshma
Published: June 2021

We propose a matrix analogue of a general inverse series relation with an objective to introduce the generalized Humbert matrix polynomial, Wilson matrix polynomial, and the Rach matrix polynomial together with their inverse series representations. The matrix polynomials of Kiney, Pincherle, Gegenbauer, Hahn, Meixner-Pollaczek etc. occur as the special cases. It is also shown that the general inverse matrix pair provides the extension to several inverse pairs due to John Riordan [An Introduction to Combinatorial Identities, Wiley, 1968].
Representation of bifinite domains by BF-closure spaces
Authors: Yao Lingjuan , Li Qingguo
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we propose the notion of BF-closure spaces as concrete representation of bifinite domains. We prove that every bifinite domain can be obtained as the set of F-closed sets of some BF-closure space under set inclusion. Furthermore, we obtain that the category of bifinite domains and Scott-continuous functions is equivalent to that of BF-closure spaces and F-morphisms.
Kuga, kontumaci i karantena
Authors: Buczynski Alexander
Published: June 2021

Na području austrijske Vojne krajine postojao je od sredine 18. stoljeća stalno uređeni sanitarni kordon radi sprječavanja širenja zaraznih bolesti, osobito kuge, s područja Osmanskog Carstva na teritorij Habsburške Monarhije. Bio je to jedinstveni sustav kopnene karantene s lancem pograničnih stražarnica (čardaci) podignutih u neprekinutom nizu od Bijelog Vrha u Lici do Karpata i geostrateški smještenih karantenskih stanica (kontumaci i rašteli) kao graničnih prijelaza. Sav promet i svaka trgovina iz smjera susjedne Bosne i Srbije preko Vojne krajine bili su podvrgnuti rigoroznom režimu epidemioloških mjera koje je u spomenutim stanicama provodilo specijalizirano sanitarno osoblje. Ono je na temelju “moguće zaraženosti” putnika i robe određivalo karantenu u trajanju između 10 i 42 dana. Izravni je nadzor nad granicom, tzv. “kordonska služba”, u prvome redu bio povjeren pripadnicima serežanskog zbora koji, za razliku od ostalih krajiških vojnika, nisu nosili austrijsku vojnu uniformu, nego narodnu nošnju. U slučaju najvišeg stupnja opasnosti, kada je postojala izravna prijetnja zaraze iz osmanskog susjedstva, kordonskim je stražama bilo naređeno da svakog ilegalnog prelaznika na licu mjesta ustrijele i spale. No, usprkos takvim drakonskim mjerama, od početka 19. stoljeća postupno se razvila sve življa prekogranična trgovina, a nisu posustajali ni ilegalni prelasci ni migracije preko državne granice.
Gendhing, King, and Events: The Creation of Gendhing Panembrama During Pakubuwana X
Authors: Daryanto Joko , Rustopo Rustopo , Sunarto Bambang
Published: June 2021

Gendhing Panembrama was a creative and innovative product when Paku Buwana X reigned in the Negari Surakarta. Gendhing Panembrama emerged when the Dutch East Indies government imposed restrictions on political and economic activities in Karaton Surakarta. The restriction aimed to remove Paku Buwana X’s legitimacy from the political and economic side. Gendhing Panembrama became one of the symbols of Paku Buwana X’s resistance to the Dutch East Indies government policy. Resistance through the creation of Gendhing Panembrama resulted in the enforcement of the king of Surakarta’s sovereignty and legitimacy. This study aims to reveal the background of the Gendhing Panembrama creation and the events surrounding the Gendhing Panembrama creation. This study employed a historical approach and symbolic interpretation. From the study conducted, it was concluded that the creation of Gendhing Panembrama was a means for Paku Buwana X in maintaining his sovereignty and legitimacy. The intelligence of Paku Buwana X in managing the musical arts amid the political pressure of the Dutch East Indies government, in the end, could radiate his majesty, authority, and power and maintain the Javanese tradition of the Karaton Surakarta.
Transition to a Safe Home Sleep Environment for the NICU Patient
Authors: Goodstein Michael H. , Stewart Dan L. , Keels Erin L. , Moon Rachel Y. , Cummings James , Hand Ivan , Adams-Chapman Ira , Aucott Susan W. , Puopolo Karen M. , Goldsmith Jay P. , Kaufman David , Martin Camilia , Mowitz Meredith , Jawdeh Elie Abu , Carlin Rebecca , Colvin Jeffrey , Hauck Fern R.
Published: June 2021

Of the nearly 3.8 million infants born in the United States in 2018, 8.3% had low birth weight (<2500 g [5.5 lb]) and 10% were born preterm (gestational age of <37 completed weeks). Many of these infants and others with congenital anomalies, perinatally acquired infections, and other disease require admission to a NICU. In the past decade, admission rates to NICUs have been increasing; it is estimated that between 10% and 15% of infants will spend time in a NICU, representing approximately 500 000 neonates annually. Approximately 3600 infants die annually in the United States from sleep-related deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (R95), ill-defined deaths (R99), and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed (W75). Preterm and low birth weight infants are particularly vulnerable, with an incidence of death 2 to 3 times greater than healthy term infants. Thus, it is important for health care professionals to prepare families to maintain their infant in a safe sleep environment, as per the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics. However, infants in the NICU setting commonly require care that is inconsistent with infant sleep safety recommendations. The conflicting needs of the NICU infant with the necessity to provide a safe sleep environment before hospital discharge can create confusion for providers and distress for families. This technical report is intended to assist in the establishment of appropriate NICU protocols to achieve a consistent approach to transitioning NICU infants to a safe sleep environment as soon as medically possible, well before hospital discharge.
MacIntyre contra MacIntyre
Authors: Araújo Luana Adriano , De Moraes Renato José , De Melo Arthur Cezar Alves
Published: June 2021

Esta investigação, partindo do diagnóstico da modernidade empreendido por Alasdair MacIntyre, destina-se a avaliar a possibilidade de conciliação entre o discurso universalizante dos direitos humanos e a ética particularista sustentada pelo autor citado a partir do referencial ético aristotélico. A convergência entre os bens individuais, consubstanciados em direitos, e o bem comum, componente essencial da prática e do pensamento éticos, pode representar relevante contribuição teórica no campo de estudos dos direitos humanos. Neste trabalho, dada a limitação da sua natureza, intentou-se analisar os três problemas intrínsecos à concepção de direitos, conforme a perspectiva de MacIntyre: a) a ideia de que sujeitos de direitos são indivíduos morais autônomos e plenamente independentes; b) a separação do bem individual do bem comum; c) a deflação da razão prática comunitária, em relação à racionalidade individual. O trabalho empreendido teve como resultado uma exposição analítica dos pontos de contraste entre a perspectiva dos direitos humanos e a ética conforme compreendida por MacIntyre, necessária para preparar bases de uma possível reconciliação entre ambas.
Brazilian version of the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire
Authors: Nagumo Marcia Mitie , Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah de Lucena , Balbinotti Marcos Alencar Abaide , Silva Daniele Vieira da , Hayashi Cintya Yukie , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Amorim Robson Luis Oliveira de
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Background: After a traumatic brain injury, post-concussion symptoms are commonly reported by patients. Although common, these symptoms are difficult to diagnose and recognize. To date, no instruments evaluating post-concussion symptoms have been culturally translated or adapted to the Brazilian context. Objective: To culturally adapt the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire for use in Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: Cross-cultural adaptation was done in five steps: translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, evaluation by two expert committees and two pretests among adults in a target population. Results: The semantic, idiomatic, cultural and experimental aspects of the adaptation were considered adequate. The content validity coefficient of the items regarding language clarity, pratical pertinence, relevance and dimensionality were considered adequate for evaluating the desired latent variable. Both pretests demonstrated that the instrument had satisfactory acceptability. Conclusion: The Brazilian version, named Questionário Rivermead de Sintomas pós Concussionais (RPQ-Br), has been adapted, and is ready for use in the Brazilian context.
Two alcoholic sources in the preparation, chemical characterization and acceptability of artisanal dovialis liqueurs
Authors: Villa Fabíola , Rotili Maria Cristina Copello , Silva Daniel Fernandes da , Braga Gilberto Costa , Rosanelli Solivan , Eberling Tatiane
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated two alcoholic sources in the preparation, chemical characterization, and acceptability of homemade Kei apple liqueurs. Kei apple fruits were harvested from 4-year-old plants and immediately transported to the laboratory. The liqueur prepared with vodka + fruits without the epicarp was named L1;the liqueur prepared with sugarcanespirit+ fruits with the epicarp and sliced was named L2. The infusion or alcoholic maceration stage was then performed, mixing the fruits with the alcoholic liquid. After the preparation of the alcoholic extract, the chemical characterization of the final products was performedand after 60 days, the sensory analysis and acceptabilityof the product were conducted. The experimental design was entirely randomized, in a 2 × 2factorial scheme (two types of fruits ×.two types of alcohol), containing three samples of liqueurs per replicate and six replicates per experimental plot. The liqueurs suited the parameters fixed by the Brazilian legislation for the chemical evaluation of these products. As for sensory analysis, L1 had good acceptability from tasters, with apurchase intention by 71% of them.
Coleoborers in Bambusa sp. in the Southern Amazon
Authors: Oliveira A. G. , Silva M. H. M. , Garlet J.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Bamboo (Bambusa sp.) is a grass species with high potential for exploitation, however, this raw material is easily attacked by xylophagous agents such as Coleoptera. The objective of this study is thus to analyse the presence of wood-boring beetles associated with Bambusa sp. in Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study was carried out in a bamboo plantation, from August 2016 to July 2017. Two models of ethanolic traps were used, PET Santa Maria and ESALQ-84. Three families of wood-boring beetles were observed in this study: Bostrichidae, Cerambycidae and Curculionidae. 2,144 individuals were identified, belonging to 19 species, in four subfamilies and 11 tribes, and the species Xyleborus affinis was the most frequently collected. Thus, this study constitutes an important contribution to the knowledge of coleoborers associated with bamboo plantations, with the registration of the occurrence of species, as well as contributing to the knowledge of the entomofauna associated with species cultivated in the Southern Amazon.
Filtrates from cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Copaifera oblongifolia (Fabaceae) affect germination and seedling development differently
Authors: Silva P. S. , Royo V. A. , Valerio H. M. , Fernandes E. G. , Queiroz M. V. , Fagundes M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Interactions between endophytic fungi (EFs) and their host plants range from positive to neutral to negative. The results of such interactions can vary depending on the organ of the infected host plant. EFs isolated from the leaves of some species of plants have potential for use as agents to inhibit seed germination and control invasive plants. The objectives of this study were to identify EFs present in the leaves of Copaifera oblongifolia and to evaluate the role of these fungi in seed germination and seedling development. A total of 11 species of EFs were isolated, which were identified using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The isolated species of EFs are generalists and probably are transmitted horizontally. Laboratory tests revealed that filtrates of these fungal isolates differently affect seed germination and seedling development of C. oblongifolia. The species Curvularia intermedia, Neofusicoccum parvum, Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum and Phomopsis sp. negatively affected seed germination, with N. parvum standing out for its negative effects, inhibiting seedling germination and survival in 89 and 222%, respectively. In addition, Cochliobolus intermedius negatively affected seedling development. Thus, the combined use of N. parvum and C. intermedius, or products from the metabolism of these microorganisms, in the control of invasive plants deserves attention from future studies.
Herbivory and leaf expansion of Cyathea phalerata Mart. (Cyatheaceae) in subtropical Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil
Authors: Cunha S. , Endres Júnior D. , Silva V. L. , Droste A. , Schmitt J. L.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Herbivory is an interaction with great impact on plant communities since relationships between herbivores and plants are fundamental to the distribution and abundance of species over time and space. The aim of this study was to monitor the rate of leaf expansion in the tree fern Cyathea phalerata and evaluate the damage caused by herbivores to leaves of different ages and whether such damage is related to temperature and precipitation. The study was performed in a subtropical Atlantic Forest fragment located in the municipality of Caraá, in the northeast hillside of Rio Grande do Sul state, in southern Brazil. We monitored 24 mature individuals of C. phalerata with croziers in a population of approximately 50 plants. Leaf expansion rate, percentage of damaged leaves and leaf blade consumption rate by herbivory were calculated. Monthly means for temperature and accumulated rainfall were calculated from daily data. Croziers of C. phalerata were found to expand rapidly during the first and second months after emergence (3.98 cm day-1; 2.91 cm day-1, respectively). Damage caused by herbivory was observed in all of the monitored leaves, but none of the plants experienced complete defoliation. The highest percentage (57%) of damaged leaves was recorded at 60 days of monitoring, and also the highest monthly consumption rate of the blade (6.04%) occurred with young, newly-expanded leaves, while this rate remained between 1.50 and 2.21% for mature leaves. Rates of monthly leaf consumption and damaged leaves showed positive and strong relationship with each other and with temperature. The rapid leaf expansion observed for C. phalerata can be considered a phenological strategy to reduce damage to young leaves by shortening the developmental period and accelerating the increase of defenses in mature leaves.
Nutritional value, total dry matter losses, effluent production and pollutant potential in Brachiaria brizantha cv. Paiaguás grass
Authors: Saute J.M. , Tres T.T. , Osmari M.P. , Silva S.L. , Daniel J.L.P. , Jobim C.C.
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate losses, production and polluting potential of the effluent, nutritional value and aerobic stability of silages of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Paiaguás grass, in different particle sizes and compaction density in silage. Three theoretical particle sizes (TTP 5; 8 and 12mm) and three compaction densities (DC 550; 600 and 650kg/m3) were evaluated, distributed in a factorial design (3 x 3), with four repetitions. The highest volume of effluent was found in silages with higher compaction densities (600 and 650kg/m3) and lower TTP (5 and 8mm). The highest chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand were registered in the treatment with TTP of 5mm and higher DC (600 and 650kg/m3). Greater in vitro digestibility of DM was verified in the silage chopped at 5 and 8mm. There was no break in aerobic stability for 216 hours. Silage with a low compaction density 550kg/m3 and processing with a theoretical particle size of 12mm reduces effluent losses. In general, the nutritional value of Paiaguás grass was not influenced by the treatments. Different particle sizes and compaction density did not change the aerobic stability of silages.
Spatial distribution of Brazilian bovine taurine breeds associated with climatic, physical and socioeconomic variables
Authors: Alfonzo E.P.M. , McManus C.M. , Campos G.S. , Portes J.V. , Padilha A.H. , Peripolli V. , Braccini Neto J.
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of purebred Bos taurus taurus bovine breeds raised in Brazil in association with climatic, physical and socioeconomic variables. The breeds Aberdeen Angus, Ayrshire, Braford, Brangus, Charolais, Devon, Flemish, Hereford, Pinzgauer, Shorthorn and Simental were classified according to their aptitude (milk, meat or dual-purpose). They were spatialized according to their aptitude using state and municipal information. The milk breeds were found in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, while the dual-purpose breeds were found in Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul states and the beef breeds were concentrated in the southern region. Only the Aberdeen Angus meat breed showed higher dispersion in other regions. Meat and dual-purpose breeds tended to be raised in regions with lower maximum temperature, average temperature, thermal amplitude and temperature-humidity index. Dual-purpose breeds were found in municipalities with high humidity and altitude, but with a low gross domestic product, little technical guidance received from cooperatives and the government, low control of diseases and parasites, as well as low use of pasture rotation systems. The spatial distribution of Brazilian bovine taurine breeds, regardless of aptitude, was related to climatic, physical and socioeconomic factors.
Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii do not suppress ovarian cyclicity and pregnancy in cattle: case report
Authors: Borges Á.M. , Santana C.H. , Santos R.L.
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii is an ovarian pathologic change characterized by replacement of the normal single layered cuboidal epithelium of the rete ovarii by a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Uterus and ovaries from a local slaughterhouse pregnant crossbreed cow were evaluated through ultrasound, macroscopically and histologically. Grossly, there were multiple cysts in both ovaries, which were histologically characterized as rete ovarii cysts with squamous metaplasia and intraluminal accumulation of keratinized material. Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii has been previously reported in cows, however this is the first report of this condition in a pregnant animal, demonstrating that this ovarian change is compatible with pregnancy.
Do heart rate variability is relationed to endurance performance in female futsal players?
Authors: Pinto Julio Cesar Barbosa de Lima , Medeiros Radamés Maciel Vitor , Mortatti Arnaldo Luis , Nakamura Fábio Yuzo , Fortes Leonardo de Sousa , Machado Daniel Gomes da Silva , Fonteles André Igor
Published: June 2021

abstract The study aimed to verify the correlation between resting heart rate variability (HRVrest) and endurance performance in female futsal players, as well as to evaluate the reliability of this parasympathetic autonomic marker. A total of 16 female futsal players (age: 22 ± 3 years; VO2max: 42.3 ± 2.0 ml.kg-1.min-1) were evaluated during the first week of preseason training. Vagal modulation was evaluated from the HRVrest (i.e., log-transformed root mean square of successive R-R interval differences - Ln-RMSSD) for two consecutive days, while endurance performance was evaluated by the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test, Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the variables. Strong correlation between the HRVrest index and endurance performance (r = 0.643; p = 0.007). Reliability was tested through the intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation (CV), and Bland-Altman analysis of the agreement. Furthermore, acceptable repeatability of HRVrest, but with great inter-subject variability (ICC = 0.670, 95%CI = 0.056-0.885, CV = 15.8%). The current study demonstrated a strong correlation between Ln-RMSSD and endurance performance, and despite the acceptable values of intrasubject reliability, HRVrest presented high inter-individual variability in female futsal players.
Entre necessidades e contingências: políticas indígenas nos sertões de Goiás (1781-1832)
Authors: Mano Marcel
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo quer intervir na discussão sobre as políticas e estratégias indígenas dos contatos a partir de um contexto concreto: o dos aldeamentos de grupos ‘Cayapó’, em Goiás, entre 1781 e 1832. Com base na análise de parte de uma documentação histórica para o período, é proposto que a aparente conversão esconde processos nos quais atuaram não apenas mudanças, mas continuidades e criações. Se o choque do contato era historicamente inevitável, a política dos indígenas durante o período dos aldeamentos mostrou como esses grupos agiram entre as necessidades das circunstâncias e as contingências das escolhas. Por isso, no diálogo entre a Antropologia e a História, o artigo pretende mostrar como essa história indígena desenhou diferentes rotas e linhas de ação.
Integrative taxonomy: combining molecular and morphological characteristics to identify Lymnaea (Galba) cubensis, intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica
Authors: Ferreira Ana Paula Pereira Neves , Costa Andréia Luiza Oliveira , Becattini Raphael Meira , Ferreira Mônica Alves Neves Diniz , Paixão Hugo Pinto Rezende da , Coscarelli Daniel , Vidigal Teofânia Helena Dutra Amorim , Lima Walter dos Santos , Pereira Cíntia Aparecida de Jesus
Published: June 2021

Abstract Despite the epidemiological importance of the Lymnaeidae family regarding transmission of Fasciola hepatica, knowledge about the diversity and distribution of these molluscs and the role of each species in the expansion of fasciolosis remains sparse. Classical morphological (n=10) identification was performed in lymneids from Lagoa Santa, a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, along with molecular and phylogenetic analysis (n=05) based on the partial nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI mtDNA) and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer II (ITS-2 rDNA). The shell morphology made it possible to distinguish the lymneids of Lagoa Santa from Pseudosuccinea columella. Differences found in the penile complex and prostate shape allowed this species to be distinguished from Galba truncatula. However, the homogeneity of reproductive tract characteristics among Lymnaea (Galba) cubensis, L. viator and L. neotropica confirmed that these characteristics show low taxonomic reliability for identifying cryptic species. Genetic divergence analysis for the COI mtDNA gene and ITS-2 region of rDNA revealed greater similarity to Lymnaea (Galba) cubensis. Thus, correct species differentiation is important for monitoring the epidemiological risk of fasciolosis in the state of Minas Gerais, where cases of the disease have increased over recent years.
Determinants of High-tech Export in CEE and CIS Countries
Authors: Drapkin Igor M. , Gainetdinova Anna A. , Panzabekova Aksanat Zh.
Published: June 2021

Any government strives to stimulate export activity in high-tech sectors of its economy. Surprisingly, there are few empirical papers on the determinants of high-tech export to date. This study analyses the economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) due to the differences they experienced in the transition period. To this end, we used the Balassa index, which is based on the concept of revealed comparative advantages. The research examines 73 groups of products from the automotive, chemical, mechanical engineering, electronics and electrical engineering industries in 27 countries from 1995 to 2018. Principal component analysis helped generate an indicator of comparative advantage of hightech industries for each country in each year. It is revealed that CEE countries, as well as the Baltic countries, have achieved significant success in the development of high-tech sectors of the economy, while the CIS countries have shown practically no progress in this direction. The article tests hypotheses on the impact of resources, foreign trade, macroeconomy and innovation on export activity in the country. The following factors stimulate the export growth in high-tech industries of the studied countries: level of wages and resource prices, openness of the economy to foreign trade; tax rate; unemployment rate; quality of human capital. We did not find empirical evidence of the positive impact of inflation, inflows of direct foreign investment, and the level of research and development (R&D) costs on the volume of high-tech export of the examined economies.
Impact of Political Instability on Economic Growth in CEE Countries
Authors: Çela Arjona , Hysa Eglantina
Published: June 2021

сPolitical instability is often considered to have a negative influence on economic growth. Hence, the study aims to examine whether instability of the political environment (measured by the political stability in- dex and duration of the chief executive in the office) significantly influences economic growth in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The methodology used is a fixed effects model for panel data analysis where the dependent variable is the real growth of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. The data covers the period from 2006 to 2016 for 13 CEE countries. Additionally, the study considered other macroeconomic variables, such as investment, inflation, human capital, trade openness, etc. The research findings indicate that the political stability index has a positive effect on economic growth, as expected and predicted in the literature. However, the indicator of the years the chief executive has been in the office has shown a negative effect. This effect appears to be weakly significant only for the second variable. These findings allowed us to conclude that the political stability index positively influences economic growth, while the years the chief executive stays in the office has a negative effect. Frequent changes in the cabinet can actually have a positive impact in transition countries characterised by corruption, meaning that the long stay of a chief executive in the office can lead to power abuse.
The Influence of Centralisation and Decentralisation Processes on Regional Tax Potential
Authors: Pechenskaya-Polishchuk Mariya A.
Published: June 2021

The need to stimulate economic development using policy instruments to enhance the tax potential of regions and municipalities is supported by key postulates of economic theory and successful examples of international practice. It is hypothesised that decentralising the distribution of tax revenues contributes to an increase in regional tax potential. In order to examine this problem, methods of grouping, sampling, generalisation and comparison are used. Methodological aspects of the study of tax potential at the sub-national level are presented. The scope of both centralisation and decentralisation processes affecting tax revenues in the Russian Federation for 2006–2018 is considered. The proportion of tax revenues transferred to the federal budget and collected at the regional level is investigated on the example of six Russian regional groupings. An expansion of the group of regions whose federal taxes are more than 50 % along with a 10 % increase in transfers to the federal budget led to greater centralisation. Out of the considered regions, 53 % transferred over 30 % of their tax potential to the federal level. It was revealed that regions whose tax centralisation is approximately 15–30 % have the best budget figures (debt burden of less than 30 %, budget deficit of less than 4%, 7–9 % budget revenue growth). Continuing research aims to develop measures for increasing regional tax potential. The obtained findings can be used to substantiate and implement regulatory legal acts concerning budget and tax issues.
Innovative Management of Regional Enterprises based on the Integration of Analogue and Digital Models
Authors: Alabugin Anatoly A. , Oreshkina Natalya S.
Published: June 2021

The sustainable development of regional enterprises is negatively affected by uncertainty arising from external factors of the current economic crisis. Due to resultant inconsistencies in their interaction, these entities may experience reduced inno- vativeness. Therefore, it becomes necessary to derive synergies from the diversified regional resources of industrial enterprises, science and education. The research aims to develop an approach to the high-tech transformation of regional enterprises based on innovative factors of the 5th and 6th technological waves by integrating analogue and digital interactive process models. The proposed method for investigating enterprise interactivity uses quality indicators for regulating the consistency and direction of their functional subsystems. An evaluation of the developed model revealed new possibilities for improving the quality of man- agement in the emerging high-tech intersectoral regional complex (HTIRC) according to a transformation process sustainability criterion. For this purpose, relevant subsystems are defined along with additional change management quality indicators and functions. In order to apply the method, practical recommendations concerning the regulatory structure of the complex are pro- vided. The developed models are useful when making decisions regarding critically unstable organisations. Conditions regulating the transition from the 3rd and 4th to the 5th and 6th technological waves were considered using the corresponding statistical indicators. In order to accelerate this transition process, the amplitude indicators of certain functions and subsystems can be adjusted accordingly. The applied models and methods are effective for analysing and regulating the sustainability of innovative transformations in HTIRC enterprises. Continuing research will focus on developing this method by assessing the coordination of functional effects in terms of the synergy between technologies and organisational methods combining analogue and digital approaches (e.g., vector factor analysis, step- and generalised functions).
«THE RIGHT TO DISCONNECT» AS A RESPONSE TO THE EXPANSION OF WORK DURING NON-WORKING HOURS: WHO WILL USE IT
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Niznij Novgorod, Pak Galina S. , Khusyainov Timur M. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics in Nizhny Novgorod
Published: June 2021

http://philsoc.psu.ru/vestnik-eng/200-nauka/vestnik-2018/filosofiya/1135-the-right-to-disconnect-as-a-response-to-the-expansion-of-work-during-non-working-hours-who-will-use-it
Microparticle delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein to Isochrysis galbana for gene editing of URA3 gene. v1
Authors: Highfield Andrea , Wheeler Glen
Published: June 2021

This is a method for gene editing in Isochrysis galbana. It uses a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) approach to introduce Cas9 into I. galbana for targeted gene editing, with selection for resistance to 5-FOA. The method is promising as we have good evidence that editing is occurring in the 5-FOA resistant colonies, although we have not yet been able to recover stable individual clones. The method therefore requires further optimisation before it can be used routinely.