bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos radiológicos da sarcoidose pulmonar: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Ferreira Ítalo Fernandes , Maia Lavynia Duarte Mansur , Moreira Daniel Fajoli , Requeijo Márcio José Rosa
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A sarcoidose é uma condição de etiologia desconhecida multissistêmica, sendo caracterizada pela presença de granulomas não-caseosos. Seus sintomas mais comuns envolvem o sistema respiratório, através da tosse, falta de ar e hiper-reatividade brônquica, embora também possa se apresentar com fadiga, sudorese noturna, perda de peso e eritema nodoso. O diagnóstico da sarcoidose pulmonar é mais sensível quando realizado por meio de tomografia computadorizada (TC), permitindo a detecção de adenopatia e alterações parenquimatosas sutis. A prevalência de menos de um caso a 40 casos por 100.000 pessoas na população em geral, afetando principalmente adultos com menos de 40 anos, com um pico de incidência na terceira década de vida. Objetivo: Descrever as formas típicas da sarcoidose pulmonar por meio da TC, ressaltando sua importância para o diagnóstico da doença estudada. Método: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sobre os aspectos radiológicos da sarcoidose baseado na busca ativa da bibliografia em base de dados como Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Google Scholar e National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), com descritores os “Sarcoidose”, “Tomografia Computadorizada” e “Radiologia”. Resultados: Os achados típicos encontrados na TC em sarcoidose pulmonar são os nódulos, opacidades em vidro fosco, opacidades parenquimatosas, opacidades reticulares, aprisionamento aéreo, fibrose, bronquiectasias. Conclusão: A sarcoidose torácica é complexa, sendo confundida com outras doenças pulmonares. Casos graves têm grande impacto, aumentando a morbidade e mortalidade. A tomografia de alta resolução é mais eficaz e sensível no diagnóstico. Logo, radiologistas são essenciais para identificar a sarcoidose e reduzir riscos.
Nutrição parenteral e interações medicamentosas: Uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Lemos Rhyan Gustavo Machado de , Bidoia Leonardo
Published: November 2023

A Nutrição Parenteral (NP), trata-se da administração de nutrientes diretamente na corrente sanguínea e é crucial quando a alimentação oral ou enteral é inviável. Contudo, sua combinação com medicamentos pode resultar em interações prejudiciais. Este estudo buscou compreender as principais consequências dessas interações por meio de uma revisão narrativa de literatura (2013-2023). Dos resultados, 50% dos estudos enfatizaram a necessidade de monitorização rigorosa dos pacientes para evitar complicações decorrentes das interações. Descobriu-se que 80% dos estudos indicam impacto direto na nutrição dos pacientes, levando à diminuição da absorção de nutrientes essenciais, considerando a prescrição individualizada da NP. A toxicidade provocada pela interação medicamentosa na NP foi destacada em 90% das pesquisas, ressaltando a necessidade de melhorias nesse aspecto. Além disso, 60% dos autores apontaram insegurança na administração dos medicamentos, enfatizando a importância da capacitação dos profissionais em NP. A efetividade do tratamento farmacológico foi reduzida em 80% dos casos, enquanto 70% destacaram o aumento do risco de efeitos colaterais. Concluindo, o estudo evidenciou a escassez de pesquisas sobre o tema, sublinhando a necessidade de investigações mais específicas sobre as consequências das interações medicamentosas na NP.
A atuação do psicólogo nas políticas públicas de assistência social: Uma perspectiva psicanalítica
Authors: Cavalheiro Ana Caroline , Ferrari Luíza Bernardini
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo pretende investigar de que forma o psicólogo orienta seu trabalho pela teoria psicanalítica no âmbito das políticas públicas de assistência social, contextualizando o histórico dessas políticas no Brasil e destacando as contribuições da Psicanálise. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada foi a revisão de literatura narrativa. Os resultados demonstram as regulamentações que facultaram a abertura de espaço para a atuação dos psicólogos nesse cenário. Adicionalmente, mostram que o psicanalista pode atender os sujeitos nessas instituições, considerando relevantes seu desejo, para além da demanda e da necessidade. Conclui-se que a Psicanálise contribui promovendo a transformação do rótulo daqueles que recebem assistência de "usuários" para "sujeitos", tendo em conta que há sujeito do desejo no sujeito de direito.
ROMATOİD ARTRİT TEDAVİSİNDE HEDEFLENDİRİLMİŞ İLAÇ TAŞIYICI SİSTEMLERE GENEL BAKIŞ
Authors: DURMAZ Nebahat , MUTLU AĞARDAN Başaran
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Romatoid artrit eklem, kemik, kıkırdak, tendon ve bağlarda hasara sebep olabilen otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Tedavisi, semptomları hafifletmeye yönelik olarak glukokortikoidlerin, modifiye edici antiromatizmal ilaçların (DMARD) ve biyolojiklerin spesifik olmayan, sistemik uygulamalarını içerir. Geleneksel tedavi yaklaşımlarında ilaçların sık aralıklarla ve yüksek dozlarda uygulanması gerekmekte olup, bu durum hastaların yaşam kalitesini düşüren yan etkilere neden olmaktadır. Nano boyutlu ilaç taşıyıcı sistemlerin romatoid artrit tedavisi için geliştirilerek enflamasyon bölgelerine ulaştırılması, böylelikle etkin maddelerin dozunun azaltılması, sistemik yan etkilerinin en aza indirilmesi mümkün olabilmektedir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Pek çok çalışmada gösterildiği gibi çeşitli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemlerin romatoid artrit tedavisinde geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerine alternatif olarak kullanılması hastalığın semptomlarının önlenmesi ve hafifletilmesi açısından oldukça olumlu sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. Kanser tedavisinde olduğu gibi çeşitli hedefleme yaklaşımlarından faydalanılarak gelecek yıllarda romatoid artrit tedavisinde de umut verici gelişmeler olacağı düşünülmektedir.
İLAÇ TASARIMINDA YAPAY ZEKÂ UYGULAMALARI
Authors: TARI Özden , ARPACI Nuray
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Yapay zekâ üzerindeki çalışmaların giderek artması, her alanda olduğu gibi ilaç endüstrisinin de bu çalışmalardan faydalanmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yapay zeka uygulamalarının ilaç tasarımı ve geliştirilmesi üzerinde nasıl bir rol aldığının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Yeni biyolojik olarak aktif bileşiklere ihtiyacın giderek arttığı günümüzde, yapay zekada sürekli yeni algoritmaların ortaya çıkması, güçlü hesaplama yeteneği, elde edilen kimyasal ve biyolojik verilerin birikmesi, ilaç tasarımında yapay zekâ kullanımına olanak sunmaktadır. İlaç tasarım aşamalarının neredeyse tüm basamaklarında uygulanabilen yapay zekâ yöntemleriyle, yeni ilaç geliştirilmesindeki uzun zaman gereksinimi ve yüksek maliyet gibi zorluklar azaltılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışma sonucunda, yapay zekâ teknolojisinin ilaç tasarım sürecindeki uygulamaları ve geleneksel yöntemlere göre avantajları kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz edilerek karşılaştırılmıştır.
TOPLUM ECZACILARININ BİRİNCİ BASAMAK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNE ENTEGRE EDİLMESİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN BİR POLİTİKA ÖNERİSİ
Authors: KARTAL Nazan
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Toplum eczacılığı hizmeti, son yıllarda ilaç satış ve dağıtımının ötesine geçerek farmasötik bakım odaklı hale gelmiştir. Toplum eczaneleri, en kolay erişilebilir durumdaki sağlık profesyoneli grubu olması sebebiyle pekçok kişi için sağlık hizmetlerinde ilk ve bazen de tek temas noktası haline gelmiştir. Sağlık insangücü eksikliği, nüfusun yaşlanması, kronik hastalıkların artması gibi pekçok faktör sağlık sistemlerinde birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumu konusunda baskı oluşturmaktadır. Bazı ülkeler birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunu rahatlatabilmek için toplum eczacılarından daha fazla yararlanmaya başlamıştır. Bu kapsamda, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde dünya genelinde eczacıların rolünün genişlediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toplum eczacılarının birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde aktif olarak kullanılması konusunu Türkiye düzleminde incelemektir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’de toplum eczacılarının birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri sisteminde aktif olarak yer almadığı görülmüştür. İlerleyen dönemlerde, mevcut ülke örneklerinin de incelenerek gerekli politik zeminin oluşturulmasıyla toplum eczacılarının birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri sunumuna aktif katılımlarının sağlanabileceği düşünülmektedir.
CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES INDÍGENAS E AS DESIGUALDADES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA:
Authors: Custódio André Viana , Mânica Celiena Santos
Published: November 2023

O artigo busca apresentar um estudo sobre as desigualdades no sitema educacional quando se trata da educação básica de crianças e adolescentes indígenas e como o fracasso escolar pode representar uma discriminação sociocultural. Faz-se na presente pesquisa uma análise da estrutura educacional eurocêntrica, bem como a análise de políticas públicas para a educação indígena e aborda-se o descompasso com as expectativas e necessidades dessas comunidades. O sistema educacional desrespeita as formas tradicionais de conhecimento, o que denuncia uma colonização dos saberes dentro de uma estrutura educacional de herança eurocêntrica.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENFRENTAMENTO À VIOLÊNCIA INFANTIL EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19
Authors: Santos Leidiene Ferreira , Aquino Oliveira Carvalho Laiane De Paula , Silva Juliana Bastoni da , Barbosa dos Santos Michelle Tavares , Claro Lisiane Costa , Evangelista Danielle Rosa
Published: November 2023

A violência infantil configura-se em grave problema de saúde pública mundial. Ainda assim, permanece como fenômeno socialmente aceito e enraizado à rotina de muitas famílias. Tais aspectos corroboram invisibilidade e dificuldades para a rede de proteção implementar ações capazes de prevenir e interromper seu ciclo. Desse modo, essa pesquisa objetivou identificar e descrever Atividades de Educação em Saúde direcionadas ao enfrentamento da violência contra criança em tempos de pandemia pela COVID-19. Para tanto, foi realizada Revisão Integrativa da literatura, orientada pela estratégia PICo. As buscas foram implementadas nas bases MEDLINE, BDENF (Base de dados em Enfermagem), LiLACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e IBECS (Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud), e no portal da PubMed. Foram eleitos 24 artigos para leitura completa, dos quais sete compõem a amostra dessa pesquisa. Embora nenhum estudo tenha considerado aspectos da pandemia da COVID-19 no planejamento e implementação das Atividades de Educação em Saúde, conclui-se que elas são eficientes para o enfrentamento da violência contra a criança, especialmente em cenário pandêmico, pois colaboram para conhecimento e atitude de famílias, crianças e profissionais de saúde, ou seja, são capazes de empoderar atores para prevenir, identificar e denunciar casos de abuso infantil. Crises sanitárias podem exigir drásticas mudanças nas rotinas das famílias, requerendo dos profissionais de saúde e da rede de proteção infantil intervenções que dêem visibilidade às vítimas ocultas, especialmente pela ausência de espaços de proteção, como escolas, e contenção das crianças no lar, junto a possíveis agressores.
NOSSOS SABERES EXPERIENCIADOS SOBRE AS CIDADES
Authors: Rodrigues Walace
Published: November 2023

Busco, por meio deste artigo e a partir de impressões afetivas pessoais, levantar reflexões sobre cidades onde habitei e como elas se constituíram como espaços humanos. A partir de fatos históricos e reformulações urbanas, considero que as cidades tenham me afetado, deixando em mim marcas em quem sou hoje. Isso pode revelar que as cidades onde vivemos também fazem parte de nossas constituições pessoais e deixam rastros em como vemos o mundo e sentimos os espaços. Se a afetividade é um forte elemento para nossa constituição como sujeitos, percebo como as cidades também ajudaram a moldar quem sou hoje e como as vejo. Aqui busco questionar os saberes e afetos a partir dos pertencimentos das/nas cidades onde habitei.
A IGREJA CATÓLICA E O DISCURSO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS PARA A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA 1968-1978
Authors: Guebert Mirian Cèlia Castellain , Pilla Maria  Cecília Barreto Amorim , Ferreira Fernanda Busanello
Published: November 2023

O artigo sobre Direitos Humanos no jornal O Estado de São Paulo, entre 1968-1978. Se justifica por serem   considerados os mais severos do governo militar. Trata das relações entre a Igreja Católica e a temática dos Direitos Humanos. A metodologia documental, no acervo do jornal, disponível online, descritores de busca “direitos humanos. Dos achados a Igreja Católica, potencializou seus posicionamentos políticos para   defesa dos direitos humanos, insurgiu contra situações extremas em que o Estado atentou contra a dignidade humana
DA MEDIAÇÃO AO DIREITO SISTÊMICO
Authors: Santos Marcos Júlio Vieira dos , Camilo Christiane De Holanda
Published: November 2023

A Educação em Direitos Humanos é uma proposta formativa patrocinada pelas Nações Unidas de aplicabilidade obrigatória para os países signatários de seus diversos pactos, inclusive o Brasil, cuja capilaridade temática alcança diversas perspectivas, dentre as quais estão as questões relativas à promoção da paz e resolução pacífica de conflitos. A partir destes pressupostos cabe analisar de que forma as faculdades de direito da Universidade Estadual do Tocantins se adequaram às diretrizes internacionais e nacionais em matéria de educação em e para os direitos humanos e cultura de paz. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma metodologia de estudo de caso, qualificada pela Teoria das Representações Sociais (Jodelet, 1986) e instrumentalizada pela análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 1977) para a compreensão dos significados com os quais os conceitos de direitos humanos e conflitos foram empregados nesses documentos curriculares para articular um perfil profissional adequado. O arcabouço teórico passou pelo debate sobre a ascensão dos direitos humanos e a consolidação de um projeto educacional voltada especificamente para esses direitos a partir da promulgação de alguns dos documentos orientadores sobre o tema, tais como o Programa Mundial de Educação em Direitos Humanos (2012) o Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos (2007), Diretrizes Nacionais para Educação em Direitos Humanos (2012). Como parte dos resultados têm-se que apesar de algumas inconsistências semânticas, a contextualização dos indicadores temáticos selecionados mostrou uma articulação completa de perspectivas teóricas e práticas de formação em consonância com competências e habilidades jurídicas exigidas também pelos sistemas de justiça.
NÍVEIS DE APRENDIZAGEM CTS DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO NA PROMOÇÃO DE UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA
Authors: Bedin Everton , Da Silveira Dieison Prestes , De Lima Vinicius Fernando , Siqueira Lucas Eduardo de
Published: November 2023

Os debates envolvendo a Educação Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) instigam um repensar nas questões hegemônicas, visando munir a população de conhecimento frente aos problemas sociais, ambientais, culturais, políticos, econômicos, educacionais, científicos e tecnológicos que se apresentam. Pensando nestas problemáticas, o presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os níveis de aprendizagem CTS de estudantes do Ensino Médio, por meio da implementação de uma Sequência Didática que aborda o funcionamento de uma usina hidrelétrica. Em se tratando de metodologia adotada, destaca-se a utilização de uma abordagem do tipo qualitativa, pautada em uma pesquisa do tipo intervenção pedagógica, por meio da implementação de uma Sequência Didática com estudantes do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola do Estado do Paraná. A constituição dos dados se deu por meio da observação interseccionada aos diários de bordo dos pesquisadores na Sequência Didática, cuja análise ocorreu a partir dos estudos dos níveis de aprendizagem CTS de Strieder e Kawamura (2017). As análises evidenciaram que os alunos permeiam entre os níveis iniciais propostos pelo referencial, mas também apresentam aspectos de níveis que exigem uma criticidade maior.
Anais do VI Fórum Brasileiro de Educação Ambiental
Authors: Neiman Zysman
Published: November 2023

Este livro foi pensado para ser um dos reflexos das muitas discussões ocorridas durante o VI Fórum, quando ocorreram, dentre outros eventos, mais de dez mesas-redondas relativas a diferentes aspectos da educação ambiental. Os palestrantes foram convidados a escrever algumas palavras referentes às apresentações, de modo a registrarmos os conhecimentos construídos para o futuro. São artigos de profissionais respeitados e atuantes em áreas como universidades, organizações não-governamentais, educação básica, instituições públicas, dentre outras. O resultado é um livro com textos de qualidade e de grande importância para a educação ambiental no Brasil. Esperamos que ele possa ajudar aqueles que estejam iniciando na área, assim como colaborar com os mais experientes. Da mesma forma, é um dos objetivos do livro o incentivo a novos debates, novos encontros, novos olhares sobre a educação ambiental.
Levantamento bibliográfico: Educação Ambiental sob a perspectiva dos docentes do ensino médio
Authors: Ferreira Luan Daniel Silva , Castro Rosecelia Moreira da Silva
Published: November 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os trabalhos realizados sobre a perspectiva dos docentes em relação ao tema Educação Ambiental (EA), no âmbito do Ensino Médio. Foram analisados 17 trabalhos, através de um levantamento bibliográfico. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chaves Educação Ambiental no Ensino Médio, Práticas de Educação Ambiental no Ensino Médio e Interdisciplinaridade e transversalidade no Ensino Médio, como critério de busca dos trabalhos. Os trabalhos selecionados foram divididos em três eixos temáticos. Observou-se que, na maioria dos trabalhos analisados, o docente ao sensibilizar os discentes, despertou interesses antes não existentes, como o de conversação e preservação do meio ambiente.
Implantação de sistema de coleta seletiva como instrumento de transformação socioambiental
Authors: Viana Igor Cavalcante , Pereira Daniel Rocha , Bôas Itapotiara do Carmo Corrêa Vilas , Gerude Neto Osman José de Aguiar , Ramos Mateus Gomes , Silva Talles Augusto Gomes Costa
Published: November 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi a implantação de um sistema de coleta seletiva em um condomínio em São Luís/MA, visando a destinação correta dos resíduos, além da promoção da Educação Ambiental. Inicialmente foi realizado um diagnóstico para avaliar a percepção sobre Coleta Seletiva, por meio de abordagens e aplicação de um formulário. Posteriormente houve a construção e instalação de coletores e elaboração de material gráfico educativo. O diagnóstico mostrou que os moradores tinham interesse na implantação do sistema de coleta seletiva, porém a maioria não sabia como segregar os resíduos. Por fim, percebe-se a necessidade da sensibilização ambiental dos moradores a partir das ferramentas de Educação Ambiental.
Plasminogen application improves plastic closure of wound defects in patients with chronic diabetic wounds
Authors: Petrenko O. , Badziukh S. , Tykhomyrov A.
Published: November 2023

Background. Chronic diabetic foot ulcers and wounds are significant complications associated with diabetes, comprising approximately 85% of purulent-necrotic lesions affecting the lower extremities. The development of these wounds is influenced by pathogenetic factors such as hyperglycemia, neuropathy, and existing infections, which contribute to metabolic disturbances, including tissue hypoxia and the activation of proteolytic enzymes known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Aim. To explore the therapeutic potential of autologous plasminogen in facilitating the healing process of diabetic wounds through the modulation of MMP activity.

Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 45 patients diagnosed with chronic diabetic wounds, who were assigned to two distinct groups. The control group (n=25) received conventional treatment approaches, while the intervention group consisted of 20 patients treated with autologous plasminogen applications.

Results. After 18 days of treatment, a substantial reduction of 3.5-fold in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was observed within the intervention group, accompanied by complete wound closure in 16 patients. Additionally, four patients underwent autodermoplasty, successfully achieving wound defect closure through effective graft integration. In contrast, the control group exhibited consistently elevated MMP activity levels throughout the entire observation period.

Conclusions. The activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in chronic diabetic wounds reaches dramatic levels, making spontaneous wound healing impossible. The application of autologous Pg allows modulation of this activity and creates favorable conditions for wound healing by reducing excessive MMP activity, improving blood supply, and resolving inflammatory processes.

Keywords: chronic wounds, diabetes mellitus, matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen, autodermoplasty.
About determining the dates of drawing up the drawings of the Russian state of the XVII–XVIII centuries based on the information available on them about historical figures and their property
Authors: Krassowski Anton
Published: November 2023

This article presents the methodology and results of the analysis of the definitions of the dates of compilation of cartographic materials depicting property objects based on the use of information available on them about historical figures and property objects belonging to them. A feature of the means of definitions proposed in this article (methods and sources of information) is the use of information representing the main content of cartographic materials depicting real estate objects, the dates of which are to be determined. The method of definitions is based on the use of the Big Data tool which boils down to finding in historical materials containing the dates of the facts of history that formed the totality of information depicted in the drawings. The experimental part of the study is carried out on the example of 17 drawings of the Russian state of the second half of the XVII—beginning of the XVIII centuries compiled for the territory that was formed by the beginning of the XX century in the Ruza district of the Moscow province. The Alphabetical Index of persons mentioned in the Boyar books, Russian genealogical books, Armorial bearings, reviews of historical documents, collections of letters of historical persons and some other materials were used as sources of information in which the search was carried out for historical facts containing dates of completion. The article illustrates the sequence of reasoning underlying the definitions; presents the results of the evaluation of the possibility of definition as well as the results of the analysis of the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained. The results of determining the dates of drawing up fifteen drawings are presented and the conditions necessary for the existence of the possibility of performing definitions using the means under consideration are revealed. Based on the results of the performed analysis, possible areas of application of the obtained results of definitions are outlined.
Electronic maps development of the cultural heritage objects of the Russian North
Authors: Artemeva Olga , Alifanov Nikita , Tyurin Sergei , Pozdnyakova Natalya
Published: November 2023

Now, interest in the exploration of territories located in the north of the Russian Federation is growing rapidly. The northern regions of the country began to play one of the key roles due to the redistribution of economic and financial flows, as well as increased attention to security and upholding Russian geopolitical interests. The concept of “Russian North” has moved from the category of ethno-historical to a rigid legal one and includes a list of administrative lands, where there are both huge mineral reserves and unique objects of nature and culture created by various peoples and ethnic groups. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) and maps as the results of the work of GIS is the most efficient, objective and visual tool for displaying cultural heritage objects for further use of knowledge on their functioning and conservation. This article demonstrates the experience of creating a series of electronic maps of cultural heritage objects on the territory of the Russian North (scale 1:6 500 000) based on geoinformation mapping using author’s classifications. The relevance of the study stems from the fact that at the moment there is no single unified database for mapping cultural heritage sites of the Russian North, and all cartographic materials and results of GIS operation that are in the public domain cannot provide all classification units in a single series of visual cartographic models. The article proposes for consideration three electronic maps: “Russian North. Objects of temple architecture of federal importance”, “Russian North. Objects of industrial and civil architecture of federal significance”, “Russian North. Objects of cultural heritage of regional significance”. It is proposed to introduce strict classifications of cultural heritage objects of the Russian North, which are logical for use on a series of electronic maps: categories (federal objects/regional objects), types of objects (monuments/ensembles/places of interest), content types (objects of temple/industrial and civil architecture, etc.) and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The experience of developing electronic maps of the cultural heritage of the Russian North aims to unite all the objects of these unique territories according to various classifications in a single series of thematic maps and thereby make it possible to simplify decision-making for administrators at various levels when working with protected cultural heritage objects of the Russian North.
Geographical atlas “Territories of traditional nature use of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”: Structure and information content
Authors: Savvinova Antonina , Fedorova Alla
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the current state of issues of atlas mapping of the territories of traditional nature use (TTPs) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It is shown that currently there are no such atlases in Russia, but there is a need to create them based on modern web mapping technologies, which will ensure accessibility for a wide range of users. The necessity of creating a geographical atlas “Territories of traditional nature use of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”, which systematizes a knowledge about the peculiarities of residence and economic activity of indigenous peoples of the North in Yakutia in the form of a complex of maps, graphic materials and analytical texts, is substantiated. The structure and information content of the developed electronic atlas is presented, the content of sections is described, including various information resources used in the creation of maps. The main features of the thematic content of the atlas sections are highlighted. Examples of maps are given: “Population density of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”, “Settlement of indigenous peoples of the North in the territories of traditional nature use of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”. It is assumed that the atlas would be interesting to specialists from other Arctic regions of the Russian Federation, as it is planned to prepare an atlas in the form of a geoportal with the possibility of further replenishment of the database. The proposed solutions on the structure of the atlas, its information content, methods of cartographic display and functional capabilities can be subsequently implemented when creating similar cartographic models for other regions of residence and traditional nature use of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Russian Far East.
Mapping of ecosystem services of Vorkuta park zones for improvement of planning solutions
Authors: Belousov Stanislav , Evseev Alexander , Krasovskaya Tatiana
Published: November 2023

Urban green infrastructure development is one of the main ways to achieve sustainable development of cities. The most important role in this process belongs to park areas, squares, street landscaping, etc. This function is achieved due to presenting a wide range of ecosystem services: regulatory, supporting, information and provisioning. Studies of green infrastructure ecosystem services pools are of particular importance for cities of the Russian Federation Arctic Zone, whose population reaches 50–300 thousand people: Murmansk, Apatity, Vorkuta, Norilsk etc. Environmental and socio-economic characteristics of cities control the demand for certain services of their green infrastructure. This should be taken into account in municipal planning. Vorkuta parks were formed mainly on wasteland areas with willow thickets, swamps, ravines, etc., which were subsequently recultivated. Ecosystem services of five Vorkuta parks and their various combinations were considered. These combinations differ depending on the variations of geoecological characteristics of the park’s location. Such characteristics include the state of vegetation cover, location on a slope, presence of a water reservoir, position in relation to major highways, etc. The studied elements of Vorkuta green infrastructure have significant differences both in functional role and social value. T he priority ecosystem services of these territories are regulatory (filtration of polluted air, regulation and filtration of surface runoff, control of temperature regime of the permafrost layer covered by soils, erosion processes control, regulation of microclimate and noise pollution); informational (recreational, aesthetic, formation of a sense of place, etc.), to a lesser extent, due to the severity of natural conditions—supporting (biodiversity support, formation of biogeochemical cycles). The map “Ecosystem services of Vorkuta parks” was compiled based on territorial binding of priority ecosystem services.
Possibility of using multiple dwellings data from territorial development fund data for the study of metropolitan areas
Authors: Logvinov Ilia , Lachininskii Stanislav
Published: November 2023

The continued rapid growth of metropolitan areas is being actively studied by urban researchers in different branches of science. The modern development of information technology has boosted the arsenal of available data and tools for researchers. One of these types of data are multiple dwellings data in Russia today, provided through the open data from Territorial Development Fund. Scientists from different areas of science actively use them, but their features are poorly covered precisely as spatial data and the possibilities for their application. The authors analyzed the possibilities and limitations of using such data to study metropolitan areas (on the materials of the St. Petersburg metropolitan area). The process used by the authors for obtaining spatial data and visualization options, including quantitative analysis, were described. The possibilities of visualization are demonstrated considering the ignoring of the administrative divisions and the analysis of spatial autocorrelation. The key features of the data are the ability to ignore the administrative divisions and the expansion of the time series for research. At the same time, indicated errors in the data, which in general should slightly distort the true picture of the housing stock differentiation. This is expressed in the low actual update efficiency from 2020 and the absence of about 10–20 % of attributive data. An important limitation of the data is the lack of information on individual housing construction. The impact of identified problems can be reduced by integrating with other types of data. An important feature of the data is the presence of an address in accordance with the federal address information system (FIAS), which allows for accurate geo-referencing of data on multiple dwellings, but with limitations associated with the shortcomings of FIAS. Based on the analysis of the experience of predecessors and the own experience of the study, options for using data are proposed, in particular, population density modeling, identification of urban morphotypes, visualization and quantitative analysis of changes in the spatial structure of metropolitan areas. This study is one of the first to analyze the data on multiple dwellings as a type of spatial data and possible directions of GIS-analysis.
The use of GIS technologies for planning the greening of the urban environment
Authors: Mazhitova Gulnur , Sedelnikov Igor , Shugulova Dina
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the possibilities of using GIS technologies in solving the problem of optimizing the greening system of urban environment objects. The study was carried out on the example of the territory of the educational institution—NpLC “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University” (M. Kozybayev NKU). The possibility of using GIS technologies, ERS materials when performing inventory and studying the state of green spaces, creating a database, identifying problems of the existing landscaping system and developing measures to optimize it is shown. The research included the following stages: development of a preliminary model and database structure for green spaces, field work, aerial photography from UAVs, processing of collected materials in special software applications, creation of a database and a map of the campus landscaping system. The processing of aerial photography materials was carried out in the Agisoft PhotoScan Professional Edition program, geoinformation mapping was carried out using the ArcGIS 10.4 package (ESRI Inc.). An electronic geodata database and an interactive map of the university’s green infrastructure have been created. The database contains quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the objects of the campus landscaping system. Areas of promising landscaping have been identified; measures have been proposed to improve the landscaping system of the university campus. The developed geodata database and interactive map of green spaces can be useful to the university and find application in solving problems of improving landscaping and creating a comfortable environment on campus. The collected data can find its application in the creation of an information system for landscaping objects of the city of Petropavlovsk and may be included in it as an integral part for maintaining the urban cadastre of green spaces and monitoring the state of vegetation. The research was carried out within the framework of grant funding under the Sustainability Living Lab program.
Geoinformation mapping of the ecological and magnetic state of soils in Krasnokamsk
Authors: Vasil’ev Andrey , Chashchin Aleksey , Razinsky Mikhail
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to geoinformation mapping of the ecological and magnetic state of soils in the city of Krasnokamsk. The study included point determinations of the volumetric magnetic susceptibility of soils and the concentration of heavy metals, followed by mathematical-cartographic modeling of the results obtained. Mapping the magnetic susceptibility of soils makes it possible to form areas of the ecological and magnetic state of soils, along which samples are taken for the determination of heavy metals. Thus, the sample size of soil samples for heavy metal studies is reduced without a significant decrease in the representativeness of the final results, which determines the relevance of the studies performed. The purpose of the research is geoinformation mapping of the ecological and magnetic state of soils in the central part of the city of Krasnokamsk. The boundaries of research from the south are limited by the industrial zone of the city, which is mainly represented by pulp and paper industry enterprises. In the eastern part of the survey area, Zakamskaya CHPP-5 and a machine-building plant are located. The soil cover of Krasnokamsk is represented by urbanozems and technogenic surface formations. The total number of magnetic susceptibility measurement points was 77, and heavy metals were determined in 10 samples. During processing spatial data, the methods of mathematical-cartographic modeling, spatial overlay and binary classification were used. The interpolation was performed by the geostatistical method ordinary kriging using the Spatial Analyst tool of the ArcGIS 10.8 program. The creation of the Web GIS “Geoinformation system of magnetic susceptibility and heavy metals in the soils of Krasnokamsk” was performed on the basis of QGIS open geotechnologies using the qgis2web tool, the VS Code code editor. The Web GIS is hosted on the free GitHub platform. Based on the results of mapping, soil contamination with nickel and copper was established. The total area of pollution was 0.55 km2.
Natural and cultural heritage objects and aesthetically valuable landscapes on the territory of the Vorobyovy gory Nature Reserve in the atlas information system
Authors: Lukyanov Lev , Markova Olga
Published: November 2023

The Vorobyovy Gory Nature Reserve is a specially protected natural area with a unique location near the center of Moscow (6 km from the Kremlin) and configuration in the form of a narrow strip along the Moscow River on the high right bank. In 1998, by decree of the Moscow Government, the territory of the Vorobyovy Gory received the status of a natural reserve of regional significance. Currently, the reserve is experiencing anthropogenic pressure, which intensified with its transfer in 2013 to the free use of the Central Park of Culture and Recreation “Gorky Park”, which sharply changed the vector of use of the territory from environmental to recreational. Compromise solutions are needed, which are possible only if all participants in land use are provided with data on the characteristics of protected areas and on geo-ecological threats to it. All this data can be comprehensively presented in an atlas information system (AIS)—a computerized geographic information system associated with a specific territory or topic, combined with a narrative part where maps play a dominant role. When including a large amount of various non-cartographic information, AIS is classified as multimedia (MAIS), the creation of which has certain prospects for Vorobyovy Gory. Materials on the natural and cultural heritage of the Vorobyovy Gory were collected and the possibility of their inclusion in the AIS was assessed. The data collected, organized and processed during the study of the territory and the compiled map formed the basis of the designed AIS, for which a thematic structure was defined. On the territory of the natural reserve there are many valuable objects of natural and cultural heritage (animals and plants of the Red Book of Moscow, historical and cultural objects, including those of federal significance, associated not only with Moscow, but also with Russian history). Information about valuable natural objects was assessed from the point of view of threats due to recreational impact. It was found that areas with the greatest biodiversity also experience the greatest recreational pressure. Large-scale construction works pose the greatest danger to natural objects. A gestalt assessment of the aesthetic value of the landscapes of the reserve was carried out, and the most valuable of them from the point of view of recreational visitors were identified.
Audit Committee Characteristics and Performance of The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission, Kenya
Authors: Salenoi Hudson , Maina Samuel
Published: November 2023

Worldwide, the effectiveness of the government plays a significant role in fostering economic growth within a nation. This is because the government is responsible for nurturing a skilled workforce, creating a business-friendly regulatory and investment climate, and developing the necessary infrastructure for the flow of goods and information. In this context, the audit committee serves a vital function by overseeing and helping the board monitor an organization's responsibilities, making their role crucial in ensuring sound financial management. In Kenya like other developing countries, the public expectations and priorities are changing. Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the public sector through performance measurement has been widely acknowledged as essential. Despite a growing demand for public services, the prevailing financial limitations force numerous public organizations to accomplish their goals with fewer available resources. However, these can only be assured through effective auditing of the public sector. Recently, the government of Kenya has recommended the constitution of audit committees of all government ministries. The purpose of the research is to explore how audit committee qualities affect the IEBC's performance in Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of audit committee member qualifications, size, independence and gender diversity on the performance of the independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission in Kenya. The population of study was the management staff at the IEBC secretariat who total to 129. This consisted of 129 respondents. A sample of 65 respondents, constituting 50% of the target population, was randomly selected for this study. Primary data was collected utilizing self-administered semi-structured questionnaires. This analysis was helped by the employment of SPSS software. The findings were disseminated using various visual aids such as tables, charts, graphs, frequencies, and percentages. The research findings from this study offered an opportunity for individual parastatals and the public sector to assess their audit committee characteristics in comparison to other entities within the same sector in the country. This assessment enabled them to identify both the strengths and weaknesses in their audit committee practices.
Pattern of anaemic crises in Paediatric Sickle Cell Anaemic Patients seen at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-eastern Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Gwamna Awan General Hospital Kakuri, Kaduna State, Nigeria., Machoko Y Yenti , G. Farouk Abubakar ,   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., M Yusuf Hauwa ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria., I. Ladu Adama ,   Department Haematology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University  of Maiduguri, Nigeria., M Abba Aisha ,   Department Haematology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., P. Ambe Jose ,   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Published: November 2023

Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is the commonest haemoglobinopathy worldwide. The main presentation is chronic anaemia often exacerbated during periods of rapid destruction of red blood cells, marrow failure, or acute sequestration. Blood transfusion is often needed to save lives; unfortunately, this is often not available. Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the pattern of anaemic crises, the age group with the highest frequency and associated morbidities. Methodology: This was an analytical observational study that examined patterns of anaemic crises in children with SCA. Patients who that fulfil the inclusion criteria were recruited consecutively. Standard laboratory methods as described by Dacie and Lewis were employed in the evaluation of specimens. Results: One hundred patients in anaemic crisis, comprised 53 males and 47 females, given an M: F ratio of 1.1:1, and 100 SCA patients age and sex-matched in steady state. The mean ± SD age of cases was 7.2 ± 3.5 while that of controls was 6.82 ± 3.98, there was no difference between the ages p = 0.53. The highest incidence of anaemic crisis was seen among those aged 10 to 16 years. Malaria was the commonest morbidity among all types of anaemic crises. There was no association between types of morbidity and anaemic crisis p = 0.42. Conclusions: Haemolytic crisis was the most common anaemic crisis; acute splenic sequestration was commoner in the under-fives. Children older than 10 years were at greatest risk of anaemic crisis. Malaria was the commonest associated morbidity.
Knowledge of Adverse Events Following Immunization and Awareness of its Reporting System among Primary Healthcare Workers in Jigawa State
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria., Machoko Y Ahmad A.Umar , G. Farouk Mu'awiyyah B. Sufiyan ,   Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria., M Yusuf Khadeejah L. Hamza ,   Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Published: November 2023

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have an essential and pivotal role to play in gaining and maintaining public confidence in the safety of vaccines through operational Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) surveillance. For primary healthcare workers to be able to do this work effectively they should have the knowledge to detect an AEFI and at the same time be conversant with the reporting system. Objective: This study determined the knowledge of Adverse Events Following Immunization and the awareness of its reporting system among HCWs in primary health care centers of Jigawa State. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 HCWs working in immunization units, selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaire. The data collected was sorted, checked for completeness, and entered into computer analysis software (IBM SPSS version 20) for analysis. The results obtained were presented in tables and charts. All statistical tests were two-tailed with a p-value of < 0.05 used as the statistical significance level. Results: About 167 (57.6%) of the respondents were aged between 21-30 years with a mean age of 31.3±7.4 years. The majority 278 (95.9%) of the primary HCWs were aware of AEFI, and seminars/workshops or training were the common sources of information on AEFI (216 (77.7%). Of the 278 primary HCWs that are aware of AEFI, only 120 (43.2%) could define AEFI correctly, and 142 (51.1%) and 87 (31.3%) could identify serious AEFI and non-serious (minor) as a type of AEFI respectively. Up to 213 (76.6%) of healthcare workers know the correct AEFI reporting flow, and only 44 (15.8%) know that only serious AEFI are reported. Conclusion: The majority of the primary healthcare workers were aware of AEFI and how to report it, but few had good knowledge of reporting it. The Jigawa State Primary Healthcare Development Agency in collaboration with Local government authorities should provide on the-job training on AEFI surveillance for the primary healthcare workers especially those that provide immunization services.