bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administrative and procedural guarantees of subjective public rights under military state
Authors: Boiko I.
Published: July 2022

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the problems of guaranteeing subjective public rights with the help of administrative and procedural means. The purpose of the article is to study the normative legal acts adopted by the legislative and executive authorities, which introduced changes in the procedure for the exercise by individuals of their rights and performance of duties in the field of public administration; finding out whether the adopted acts ensure the operation of the principles of administrative procedure; analysis of changes in the legal regulation of the procedure for the provision of administrative services; formulation of conclusions on the state of administrative and procedural support for the implementation of subjective public rights in a state of martial law; determining the vectors for further legislative renewal of the institute of administrative procedure, taking into account Ukraine's European integration aspirations. It was stated that in Ukraine, despite the active formation and development of administrative and procedural legislation, there is no general law on administrative procedure, which should enshrine the basic principles and rules that guarantee the right of a private person to proper administration, and the public administration is bound by instructions to act in accordance with the best European standards. The resolutions adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine were analyzed, which changed the procedure for providing administrative services, introduced features of the implementation of a number of subjective public rights. The drafts of some legislative acts have been studied, proposals have been made to improve their content, taking into account the principles of administrative procedure. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the leading role of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the legal regulation of the administrative procedure, due to the requirements of martial law; the toolkit of administrative and procedural regulation in the conditions of martial law is given, which includes: the extension of the validity of documents, the simplification of administrative proceedings, the digitalization of communication and documents, the extraterritoriality of the competence of administrative bodies, the more active use of interoperability as an opportunity for interaction between public registries, the abolition of aggravating procedures; the necessity of introducing the rules of administrative procedure into the legal field of Ukraine is emphasized, and the possibility of using some tools of administrative and procedural provision of the rights of a private person, applied in martial law, to regulate public relations in peacetime is presumed.
The Role of the Special Rapporteur on Toxic Substances of the UN HRC in International Legal Governance of Chemical Substances
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University,, Norboeva T.V.
Published: July 2022

Environmentally sound management of chemicals is one of the urgent environmental problems today at the present stage of development of social relations. The quality of the environment and human well-being depends on the compliance with environmentally sound chemicals management. One of the international legal mechanisms to facilitate the realization of this task is the special procedures of the Human Rights Council - the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. The mandate of the Special Rapporteur was established on the threshold of the establishment and development of the international regime on management of chemicals, and over this period, the mandate holder has undertaken extensive work on the impact of toxic pollution on human right to access to justice, right to information, and right to life, health and bodily integrity. The present article attempts to define the role and significance of, and assess the Special Rapporteur's contribution to, the international legal governance on management of chemicals based on a study of the Special Rapporteur's reports and academic contributions. It is concluded that the mandate of the Special Rapporteur should be supported in the pursuit of the ideal environmentally sound world.
Formal Shell of the Source of Law and Problems of Interpretation of its Normative Content (from the Position of Hans Kelsen and Modern German Theoretical Jurisprudence)
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Spirin M. Yu.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of interpretation of objective law by clarifying the content of legal norms, as well as determining the design features of the external forms of their expression. Questions of interpretation of law are considered from the point of view of the normative approach to law, reflected in the doctrine of “pure law” (“reine Rechtslehre”) by Hans Kelsen. The author determines the methodological and regulatory significance of the distinction between legal norms and legal texts in the analysis of formal sources of law. Particular attention is paid to the consolidation of the main methods (modes) of legal regulation in the rules of law and the importance of their determination in the process of interpreting law. The author establishes that the practical interpretation of the content of legal norms is carried out in two main ways: by interpreting the elements of the formal shell of legal norms (elements of the organization of the legal text as a formal source of law) and by interpreting the elements of the internal content of this formal shell. The fundamental difference between legal norms and legal texts in the issue of regulating social relations is associated with the distinction between methods for interpreting their content. In this sense the significance of the difference between "norms-prescriptions" and "norms-judgments" in the concept of Hans Kelsen is emphasized. The article provides examples from modern German theoretical and legal literature, substantiating the need to distinguish between legal norms and legal texts within the framework of normativism. The approaches of Karl Larenz, Bernd Rüthers, Christian Fischer, Axel Birk and Thomas Westing to the definition of the language form of the rule of law - the so-called “bearer of a legal norm” (Rechtsnormträger), the most important types of legal sentences (Rechtssätze) as carriers of legal norms are specified. The article uses authentic scientific texts in German and for the first time the author's translation of a number of such texts into Russian was made. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of delimiting the interpretation of the content of a legal norm from the organization's interpretation of the external means of its expression; about the difference between the prescriptive and descriptive nature of legal regulation, which determines the key difference between legal positivism and non-positivist concepts of understanding law; on the significance of Kelsen's idea of Stufenbau der Rechtsordnung in interpreting the content of individual legal norms.
Institutes of Civil Society: General Theoretical Aspect
Authors:   Balakovo Branch of the Saratov State Law Academy, Barinov P.S. , Katomina V.A. ,   Penza State University
Published: July 2022

The authors of the article address the origins of appearing and developing of the main idea of the article in order to correctly identify the notion and the purpose of the idea of the civil society. The authors research various points of view on the issue of the connection of the State and the civil society. The authors of the article point out the peculiarities of the process of forming of the civil society in Russia. The authors give the definition of the notion of “civil society” and point out its features. Despite the fact that the legal definition for the “institutes of the civil society” does not exist, the authors underline that the term is used broadly in the existing federal and regional legislation. Basing their research on the opinion of scientists about the legal nature and structure of the civil society, the authors give the definition for the “institute of the civil society”. They present the classification of the institute of the civil society using different criteria. According to this classification, the institutes are divided because of their status differences, functional orientation, level of participation in law enforcement activities, prevention of offences etc. The authors point out that the institutional approach to classification of the institutes of the civil society is widely spread because it allows distinguishing and describing some separate subjects of the civil society that exercise certain interests. The authors conclude with the explanation of why non-profit organizations are viewed as the institutes of the civil society. They point out that any state corporation, self-regulating organization that is represented as a non-profit organization cannot be viewed as an institute of the civil society because they perform public functions of the State. That is why only some part of non-profit organizations can be viewed as institutes of the civil society; they should have such features as voluntary nature, self-regulation, self-organizing, self-activity and self-responsibility.
Efficient Exercise of Property Rights and Civil Law
Authors:   Dorji Banzarov Buryat State University, Lambaev Z.T.
Published: July 2022

The author of the article examines the principle of effective implementation of the property right. The principle assumes rational behavior of the proprietor, reasonable and economic expediency of his or her actions and the effectiveness of the measures that he or she takes. Meanwhile the effectiveness is rather a qualitative that quantitative feature of the proprietor behavior. According to the author’s opinion, the grounds for the effective implementation of the property right have economic and ethical backgrounds. They influence legislative regulation of the property relations. The author refers to the doctrinal sources, legislation and court practice. He, therefore, concludes that the principle of effectiveness of the implementation of the property right is reflected in the legal system in general as well as in particular norms and institutes of civil legislation. The principle of effective implementation of the property right can influence the meaningful content of certain legal constructions (appearance and termination of the property right, implementation of this right). It can also influence on legally applied activity while solving individual disputes (on belonging of the property, on defining the size of the part of the property in property right).
Simplified validation of the ELISA kit determination of Microcystins in surface water
Authors: Fan Liang , Jeanne Huang Jinhui , Lo Ching Y. , Zhou Bin , Fu Xujin
Published: July 2022

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as a universal method for the determination of Microcystins, is of great significance for the rapid detection of Microcystins pollution. This study aimed to propose a simplified validation method for Microcystins ELISA kit by summarizing related documents and guidelines. After summarizing and clarifying from 20 validation parameters, 11 parameters were selected to simplify the validation of Microcystins ELISA kit. In addition, the acceptable range and validation details of each parameter were analyzed. The results indicated that the coefficient of determination of the Microcystin-LR standard curve was higher than 0.99. The concentration of quality control samples was within control limits. The accuracy of spiked and proficient samples was within 70%–130%. The variability of intra-assay, inter-assay, and reproducibility was less than 11, 15 and 21%, respectively. The LOD and LLOQ were 0.002 μg/L and 0.05 μg/L, respectively. When the concentration of Microcystins exceeded 5 μg/L, it was recommended to dilute the samples to the working range before detection. The specificity was estimated with seven Microcystin analogues and three amino acids, indicating that the cross-reactivity was less than 30%. These results revealed that the ELISA kit was satisfactory for detecting Microcystins in water.
PATRÓN OCEÁNICO-ATMOSFÉRICO DE MACROESCALA ASOCIADO A LAS SEQUÍAS METEOROLÓGICAS EXTREMAS EN LA SIERRA SUR DEL PERÚ
Authors: Sulca Sheylla , Calle Victoria , Acuña Delia
Published: July 2022

En la presente investigación se estudiaron los mecanismos oceánico-atmosféricos de macroescala que están asociados a las sequías meteorológicas extremas durante el verano austral (enero-marzo) en la sierra sur del Perú (SSP). Para esto se calculó la anomalía estandarizada de precipitación en base a información de estaciones meteorológicas convencionales del SENAMHI, información climática atmosférica del ERA5 e información oceánica de la temperatura superficial del mar del ERSST en el periodo 1980 – 2019. Los eventos extremadamente secos en la SSP fueron identificados durante los veranos de los años 1983, 1990 y 1992 con un déficit superior al 46% del promedio normal, en donde el patrón oceánico-atmosférico está asociado a un incremento anómalo de la TSM en el Océano Pacífico centro-oriental de hasta +3 °C, propiciando la intensificación de vientos del Oeste en la tropósfera baja (850 hPa) y el establecimiento de un dipolo de dos circulaciones anticiclónicas sobre el Pacífico ecuatorial central en 200 hPa; mientras que, sobre los niveles medios (500 hPa) se observó la presencia de una dorsal configurada sobre la SSP. La circulación de Walker presentó condiciones anómalas, lo que generó una ramificación subsidente sobre la cuenca Amazónica y el océano Atlántico tropical, mientras que la circulación de Hadley también se vio alterada, generando un ramal subsidente desde los 20° S hasta los 40° S; es decir, diez grados más al norte de su posición climatológica.
An Empirical Study on the Use of Web Novels in Relation to Socio-Economic Characteristics
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Kim Joo , Jung Hyun Wook
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate how the preferred genre, the level of satisfaction, and the future use intention of web novels vary according to viewers’ socio-economic characteristics. The following results were shown from analyses. First, the preferred genre varied according to gender, age, education, occupation, and income. Women, housewives, and respondents with "less than 3 to 4 million won" income generally preferred "romance." Students, office workers, users with "less than 2 million won" income, were big on "fantasy." Those with or less than middle school education liked comedy, while college graduates preferred martial arts. Second, socio-economic characteristics influenced differently on viewers’ satisfaction and their intention of future use. In relation to viewers’ satisfaction and the intention of future use, gender did not show any difference. However, age, education, occupation, income showed statistically significant differences. The younger age group, high school graduates, respondents with less than 2 million won income, and student group showed high level of satisfaction. However, in relation with the intention of future use, age was the only one which shows statistically significant differences. Such factors as gender, educational background, income, and occupation did not show any difference. In comparison of age groups, the younger respondents were found to show a higher level of intention of future use. From the analyses, age was found to be the only one variable which influences both viewers’ satisfaction and their intention of future use.
Theoretical study of the movement process of destroyed seeds and fiber in the new construction saw gin working camera
Authors: Rokhmonov Durbek , Sarimsakov Akramjon
Published: July 2022

A theoretical study of the process of movement of a dehydrated seed + fibrous medium in a saw gin working chamber has been carried out. The process representing the motion of a depleted seed + fibrous medium is mathematically constructed, based on which the corresponding differential equations are constructed. The constructed differential equations were solved numerically in the MAPLE-17 program, corresponding graphs were obtained and conclusions were given.
Job satisfaction: Its mediating role in the effect of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance
Authors: Santya I Made Maha Dwija , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Manuati
Published: July 2022

Employee performance is the foundation of a company, because the company's progress is the collective effort of all its employees. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of transformational leadership, organizational culture, and job satisfaction on employee performance and the role of job satisfaction in mediating the effect of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance. The population of this study are all employees actively working at PT Sinar Nusrapress Utama in Bali Province. The sample size was 157 employee determined by saturated sampling. The data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed by using Variance-Based Structural Equation Modelling, namely Partial Least Square. The results show that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction is able to mediate the effect of transformational leadership style and organizational culture  on employee performance. For PT Sinar Nusrapress Utama, this research can be used as a reference that transformational leadership style, organizational culture, and job satisfaction are important to maintain company performance and progress.
Effect of Firing Holding Time on Density, Porosity, and Hardness, Crucible Materials Based on Evaporation Boats
Authors: Hidayat Wakhid Muhlisin , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Widodo Rahmat Doni , Sumbodo Wirawan , Fitriyana Deni Fajar
Published: July 2022

Evaporation boats are conductive advanced ceramic composites with the best thermal evaporation source for metalizing applications. The short life time of the evaporation boats causes the metalizing industry to produce large amounts of evaporation boats waste. However, studies on the utilization of evaporation boat waste are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of firing holding time on the density, porosity, and hardness of crucible materials made from evaporation boats waste. The material used in this research is a mixture of evaporation boats waste powder, kaolin, and graphite, with a composition of 50%, 25% and 25%, respectively. During the mixing process, 15% of the water is added. The compacting process carried out with a compaction pressure of 25 MPa. The firing process is carried out at a temperature of 1000oC with holding times of 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. The test results show that the holding time of firing has an effect on density, porosity, and hardness. The highest density value was 1,91 g/cm3 at a holding time of 180 minutes, and the lowest was 1,77 g/cm3 at a holding time of 60 minutes. The highest porosity value is 4,10% at a holding time of 60 minutes, and the lowest is 2,16% at a holding time of 180 minutes. The highest hardness value was 12,84 HV at a holding time of 180 minutes, and the lowest was 8,3 HV at a holding time of 60 minutes. The longer holding time in the firing process results in a decrease in the porosity content. The decrease in the porosity content results in an increase in density and hardness of the cruicible specimens.
Integrated tourism policy: The Buffer area development impact of Borobudur world heritage
Authors: Harsono Dwi , Wijayanto Ibnu
Published: July 2022

This article addresses the development policy practice by the Borobudur Authority Agency. The policy can synchronize different autonomous local government policies and avoid conflictual approaches to its neighborhoods. Even though a top-down policy may reduce the creativity of local governments to develop their tourism programs, this research shows the impact of the integrated tourism policy of the Borobudur National Tourism Strategic Area benefited accelerating tourism development. The economic impact on the surrounding community is creating job opportunities and increasing people’s financial revenue. The effects on the social dimension show that tourism development activities under borderless policy sites increase interaction and bonds among communities and preserve the cultures and folklores within the research sites that are administratively separated regions. When viewed from the environmental aspect, tourism development activities have implemented a sustainable approach by applying nomadic tourism concepts and building construction that does not damage the soil structure. By informing those impacts, this paper suggests newsworthiness as a guiding principle to communicate the successful implementation of a public policy.
Estimation of reliability function based on the upper record values for generalized gamma Lindley stress–strength model: Case study COVID-19
Authors:   Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, Mohamed M. O.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the problem of estimation when X and Y are two independent upper record values from gamma Lindley distribution is considered. Maximum likelihood and the Bayesian estimator methods were used to set the best-estimated reliability function. The importance of this research is because this model, when applied, can obtain reliability values that depend on upper record values, which is an interesting problem in many real-life applications. Also, based on WHO data on the COVID-19 pandemic, a stress-strength model was applied based on the upper recorded values for Mont-Carlo simulation data.
Antibody-Based Preparative Regimens for Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation
Authors:   Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Hentenryck Maïté Van , Li Zhanzhuo ,   Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Murphy Philip M. ,   Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Czechowicz Agnieszka ,   Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine
Published: July 2022

The ability to successfully transplant cells and organs from a donor into an immunologically disparate recipient is one of the greatest treatment advances in the history of medicine. Nevertheless, acute and chronic rejection, graft versus host disease, and the inability to identify suitable donors continue to be challenges and limit broader application of cell and organ transplantation to the many patients that could benefit. Immunosuppression before and after allogeneic transplant has been found to dramatically improve allograft survival and, despite side effects, has been a mainstay of patient management. Inducing donor-specific tolerance is the holy grail in allotransplantation and is readily established in experimental animals but has been difficult to achieve in patients in settings apart from hematopoietic cell transplantation. Antibody-based conditioning to prepare the recipient is a promising approach towards achieving transplant tolerance in both hematopoietic and solid organ transplant settings, and multiple targets are currently under consideration including those on circulating lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem cells. Here we review progress in the use of antibodies to support cell and tissue transplantation with a particular focus on induction of donor-specific tolerance for solid organ transplantation.
Refining a Multicomponent Intervention to Increase Perceived HIV Risk and PrEP Initiation: Focus Group Study Among Black Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Dangerfield II Derek T , Anderson Janeane N , Wylie Charleen , Arrington-Sanders Renata , Bluthenthal Ricky N , Beyrer Christopher , Farley Jason E
Published: July 2022

Background

Increased preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation is needed to substantially decrease HIV incidence among Black sexual minority men (BSMM). However, BSMM perceive others as PrEP candidates instead of themselves and are less likely than other groups to use PrEP if prescribed. Peers and smartphone apps are popular HIV prevention intervention tools typically used independently. However, they could be useful together in a multicomponent strategy to improve perceived HIV risk and PrEP initiation for this group. Information regarding attitudes and preferences toward this multicomponent strategy is limited.

Objective

The goal of this study is to obtain attitudes and perspectives regarding the design of a multicomponent intervention that uses a smartphone app and a peer change agent (PCA) to increase perceived HIV risk and PrEP initiation. The intervention will be refined based on thematic findings for a culturally responsive approach.

Methods

Data were obtained guided by life course theory and the health belief model using 12 focus groups and 1 in-depth interview among HIV-negative BSMM from Baltimore, MD, between October 2019 and May 2020 (n=39). Groups were stratified by the following ages: 18 to 24 years, 25 to 34 years, and 35 years and older. Participants were provided details regarding an existing mobile app diary to self-monitor sexual behaviors and a hypothetical PCA with whom to review the app. Facilitators posed questions regarding perceived HIV risk, attitudes toward the app, working with a PCA, and preferences for PCA characteristics and approaches.

Results

Most participants identified as homosexual, gay, or same gender-loving (26/38, 68%), were employed (26/38, 69%), single (25/38, 66%), and interested in self-monitoring sexual behaviors (28/38, 68%). However, themes suggested that participants had low perceived HIV risk, that self-monitoring sexual behaviors using a mobile app diary was feasible but could trigger internalized stigma, and that an acceptable PCA should be a possible self for BSMM to aspire to but they still wanted clinicians to “do their job.”

Conclusions

HIV-negative BSMM have dissonant attitudes regarding perceived HIV risk and the utility of a mobile app and PCA to increase perceived HIV risk and PrEP initiation. Future research will explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of implementing the multicomponent intervention on perceived HIV risk and PrEP initiation among BSMM in a pilot study.
Comparison of the Impact of Insulin Degludec U100 and Insulin Glargine U300 on Glycemic Variability and Oxidative Stress in Insulin-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pilot Study for a Randomized Trial
Authors: Vrebalov Cindro Pavle , Krnić Mladen , Modun Darko , Vuković Jonatan , Tičinović Kurir Tina , Kardum Goran , Rušić Doris , Šešelja Perišin Ana , Bukić Josipa
Published: July 2022

Background

There is an ongoing discussion about possible differences between insulin degludec (IDeg-100) and glargine U300 (IGlar-300). There is little data and head-to-head comparison of IDeg-100 and IGlar-300 regarding their simultaneous impact on glycemic variability and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Objective

In our randomized, open-label, crossover study, we compared the impact of IDeg-100 and IGlar-300 on glycemic variability and oxidative stress in insulin-naive patients with T2DM.

Methods

We recruited a total of 25 adult patients with T2DM (7 females) whose diabetes was uncontrolled (HbA1c ≥7.5%) on two or more oral glucose-lowering drugs; a total of 22 completed the study. Mean age was 57.3 (SD 6.99) years and duration of diabetes was 9.94 (SD 5.01) years. After the washout period, they were randomized alternately to first receive either IDeg-100 or IGlar-300 along with metformin. Each insulin was administered for 12 weeks and then switched. At the beginning and end of each phase, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed. On 3 consecutive days prior to each control point, patients performed a 7-point self-monitoring of blood glucose profile. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring thiol groups and hydroperoxides (determination of reactive oxygen metabolites test) in serum.

Results

IGlar-300 reduced mean glucose by 0.02-0.13 mmol/L, and IDeg-100 reduced glucose by 0.10-0.16 mmol/L, with no significant difference. The reduction of the coefficient of glucose variation also did not show a statistically significant difference. IGlar-300 increased thiols by 0.08 µmol/L and IDeg-100 increased thiols by 0.15 µmol/L, with no significant difference (P=.07) between them. IGlar-300 reduced hydroperoxides by 0.040 CARR U and IDeg-100 increased hydroperoxides by 0.034 CARR U, but the difference was not significant (P=.12).

Conclusions

The results of our study do not show a significant difference regarding glycemic variability between patients receiving either insulin IDeg-100 or IGlar-300, although IGlar-300 showed greater dispersion of data. No significant difference in oxidative stress was observed. In a larger study, doses of insulins should be higher to achieve significant impact on glycemic parameters and consequently on glycemic variability and oxidative stress.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04692415; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04692415
Exploiting Missing Value Patterns for a Backdoor Attack on Machine Learning Models of Electronic Health Records: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Joe Byunggill , Park Yonghyeon , Hamm Jihun , Shin Insik , Lee Jiyeon
Published: July 2022

Background

A backdoor attack controls the output of a machine learning model in 2 stages. First, the attacker poisons the training data set, introducing a back door into the victim’s trained model. Second, during test time, the attacker adds an imperceptible pattern called a trigger to the input values, which forces the victim’s model to output the attacker’s intended values instead of true predictions or decisions. While backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the reliability of machine learning–based medical diagnostics, existing backdoor attacks that directly change the input values are detectable relatively easily.

Objective

The goal of this study was to propose and study a robust backdoor attack on mortality-prediction machine learning models that use electronic health records. We showed that our backdoor attack grants attackers full control over classification outcomes for safety-critical tasks such as mortality prediction, highlighting the importance of undertaking safe artificial intelligence research in the medical field.

Methods

We present a trigger generation method based on missing patterns in electronic health record data. Compared to existing approaches, which introduce noise into the medical record, the proposed backdoor attack makes it simple to construct backdoor triggers without prior knowledge. To effectively avoid detection by manual inspectors, we employ variational autoencoders to learn the missing patterns in normal electronic health record data and produce trigger data that appears similar to this data.

Results

We experimented with the proposed backdoor attack on 4 machine learning models (linear regression, multilayer perceptron, long short-term memory, and gated recurrent units) that predict in-hospital mortality using a public electronic health record data set. The results showed that the proposed technique achieved a significant drop in the victim’s discrimination performance (reducing the area under the precision-recall curve by at most 0.45), with a low poisoning rate (2%) in the training data set. In addition, the impact of the attack on general classification performance was negligible (it reduced the area under the precision-recall curve by an average of 0.01025), which makes it difficult to detect the presence of poison.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to propose a backdoor attack that uses missing information from tabular data as a trigger. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrated that our backdoor attack can inflict severe damage on medical machine learning classifiers in practice.
Efficiency Analysis of Private Lending Market in China—Based on Hurst Index
Authors: Li Mulan , Wang Bin
Published: July 2022

This paper explored the efficiency of the private lending market based on the fractal market theory. We used the rescaled range analysis method and the generalized Hurst exponent analysis method respectively, and we got that the private lending market had not yet reached the weakly efficient level and was anti-persistent. Then we further used the time-varying Hurst index to describe the dynamic changes in the efficiency of the private lending market and analyzed the Chinese stock market and foreign exchange market as a comparative analysis. We found that among the three markets, the efficiency of the private lending market was the lowest, and that there was a correlation between the efficiencies of the three markets, and its effectiveness was affected by the other two markets. Finally, based on the above analysis results, we put forward relevant suggestions on the development of the private lending market and provided a decision basis for investors in the private financing market.
The applicability of active teaching-learning methodologies in health: An integrative review
Authors: Noguchi Selma Kazumi da Trindade , Machado Andrey Silva , Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Machado Thayse Hage Gomes , Machado Marcella Mota Macedo e , Santos Leonilde Sousa dos , Teixeira Renato da Costa
Published: July 2022

Objectives: to identify in the literature the applicability of active teaching-learning methodologies in health. Methodology: integrative review carried out in the Virtual Health Library using the descriptors in health sciences: Active methodologies; Health; Applicability. Results: 31,500 articles were found and, after careful reading, eleven were selected in the Virtual Health Library. The making of the patchwork quilt stood out; Digital Information and Communication Technologies; twine; thematic workshops with practical activities and previous questions for reflection and criticism were also used; patient care, analysis of real cases, role-playing (decision making and competence demonstration); documentaries and television series; mock jury; conversation wheel; movie theater with popcorn; tutorial group; constructivist spiral; flipped classroom and peer instruction, as well as its pedagogical foundations; problematization with the Arch of Charles and Maguerez; Project-Based Learning; the three Pedagogical Moments; Puppet theater and musical parodies; Directed study, flipped classroom, concept map and mind map; interactive dialogued class; case studies; oral presentation of contents; kahoot; Forum; LPAM (Learning Practice Assessment Material); ESCAPE ROOM; Problem Based Learning; Video lessons; theaters and recreational activities. Final Considerations: Reflective teaching, appropriate to the context, of methodological quality has the ability to instigate an expanded and transdisciplinary vision, in addition to promoting social changes resulting from the increase of individual and collective awareness.
Fertility Levels of Soils under Selected Tree Vegetations for Efficient Agro-Forestry in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Onwudike S. U. , Osisi F. A. , Onyegbule U. , Chukwu E. D. , Olisa E.
Published: July 2022

In many parts of Nigeria, large areas of lands are dominated by tree crop vegetations for timber production and for fruits with land users not knowing the fertility status of soils in these vegetations. Continual evaluation of soil properties of these tree vegetations has become pertinent for agricultural sustainability. This study therefore was carried out to evaluate the fertility levels of soils under selected tree vegetations at National Horticultural Research Institute Okigwe, Imo State, Nigeria. Five tree vegetations that were over 20 years of establishment were selected namely: oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth), African breadfruit (Treculia africana), mango (Mangnifera indica), Ogbonu (Irvingia gabonensis) and orange (citrus spp). In each of these tree vegetations, four soil samples were collected at uniform depths (0 – 20, 20 – 40 and 40 – 60 cm) at different locations using soil auger. The samples were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. Data collected were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance. Results obtained showed that despite the ages of these vegetations, the soils were acidic, low in macronutrient and basic cation concentrations when compared to FAO standard. The highest exchangeable bases and organic matter (1.78%) was recorded on bread fruit vegetation. Therefore, there is need to increase the fertility status of these soils in these tree crop vegetations by adopting measures that will boost organic matter content of the soil irrespective of the duration of the vegetation and this will help in agro forestry and alley cropping.
Critical Approaches to the Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Divrik Burkay
Published: July 2022

It has been observed that while living in harmony with nature on earth until the industrial revolution, with the industrial production and consumption society formed after the industrial revolution, humanity has started to dominate nature more and the damage caused to nature has increased. Economic growth, contrary to expectations, increasing inequality in the distribution of income, the impoverishment of the broad masses of the natural environment in the emergence of problems such as destruction of natural resources, growth and development of the concept of sustainable development has revealed the new concept. Sustainable development suggests that both economic development can continue and the ecological system can be protected; the contradiction between the environment and development will disappear. The concept of sustainable development has been considered to be able to solve many country problems since its first appearance, and has been applied to many fields such as economics, politics, the environment and social culture. In fact, there are many aspects of the concept of sustainable development that are open to criticism. The aim of this study is to address the criticisms brought to the concept with a collective perspective. For this purpose, the criticisms brought to the concept of sustainable development based on the previous studies conducted on the subject were examined. It is thought that the study will contribute to the literature by eliminating the lack of a critical perspective on sustainable development in this way.
Análisis CFD en Régimen Transitorio para la Determinación de Cavitación en Turbinas Helicoidales Gorlov
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Territorial del Estado Bolívar-Venezuela, Marturet Pérez Gustavo José , Marturet García Gustavo Elías ,   Universidad de Los Andes, Torres Monzón Carlos Francisco ,   Universidad de Los Andes
Published: July 2022

Las turbinas helicoidales Gorlov pueden emplearse para generar energía eléctrica aprovechando el flujo de fluidos. Por su funcionamiento, en algunos casos, estas turbinas presentan fenómenos de cavitación que erosionan su estructura. En el presente artículo se expone una estrategia para determinar la cavitación en condiciones operacionales de turbinas helicoidales tipo Gorlov. Fundamentado en el número de cavitación o número de Thoma, se determinó el coeficiente de presión sobre los álabes de la turbina. El análisis se apoyó en técnicas computacionales. Las ecuaciones gobernantes del flujo junto al modelo de turbulencia SST k-ω bajo simulaciones en régimen transitorio, fueron resueltas al determinarse el punto de funcionamiento de la turbina y establecerse el número de cavitación. Esta estrategia sirvió para determinar el número de cavitación y, con los resultados de las simulaciones, se determinó que la turbina modelada presenta fenómenos de cavitación en las condiciones de flujo y operación estudiadas.
Wireless and Mobile Computing
Authors: Ravi Mudaliyar Devanathan , Yadav Omprakash
Published: July 2022

Abstract: The Internet is common and widely use technology in nowadays. It is changing the way we interact with each other, the way we do business, the way we educate. Each machine on the net is given a 32-bit address. With 32 bits, a maximum of about four billion addresses is possible. Though this is a large a number, soon the Internet will have TV sets, and even pizza machines connected to it, and since each of them must have an IP address, this number becomes too small.
Technology to the Rescue of Covid19
Authors: Devlia Meet , Patil Hitesh
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Coronavirus has contend commotion with living souls and livelihoods on a scale undreamed of in this way far. Help offices round the universes have kept on extending of north of a year. Medical clinic laborers are going through embrace physical and mental strain on account of deficient assets and expanding assortment of patients. This present circumstance require a few serious logical and mechanical innovations value expanded Reality, net of Things, Al and so forth, Inside the field of patient consideration and treatment.
Microbial Production of Biopolymers and Polymer Precursors
Authors: Gupta Ms. Veenu
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Living organisms, namely, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, are able to synthesize a variety of polymers, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and other polyamides, polysaccharides, polyesters, polythioesters, polyanhydrides, polyisoprenoids, and lignin. Microorganisms provide a source of biopolymers and biopolysaccharides from renewable sources. Bacteria are capable of yielding biopolymers with properties comparable to plastics derived from petrochemicals, though more expensive. They have the additional advantage of being biodegradable. A wide range of microbial polysaccharides have been studied, and structure/function relationships for a number of these macromolecules have been determined. These biopolymers accomplish different essential and beneficial functions for the organisms. Among the biopolymers produced, many are used for various industrial applications. Currently, the biotechnological production of polymers has been mostly achieved by fermentation of microorganisms in stirred bioreactors. The biopolymers can be obtained as extracellular or intracellular compounds. Alternatively, biopolymers can also be produced by in vitro enzymatic processes. However, the largest amounts of biopolymers are still extracted from plant and animal sources. Biopolymers exhibit fascinating properties and play a major role in the food processing industry, e.g., modifying texture and other properties. Among the various biopolymers, polysaccharides and bioplastics are the most important in the food industry. This chapter will discuss the sources of polymers, their biosynthesis by different organisms, and their application in different fields. A huge variety of biopolymers, such as polysaccharides, polyesters, and polyamides, are naturally produced by microorganisms. These range from viscous solutions to plastics and their physical properties are dependent on the composition and molecular weight of the polymer. The genetic manipulation of microorganisms opens up an enormous potential for the biotechnological production of biopolymers with tailored properties suitable for highvalue medical application such as tissue engineering and drug delivery.
Formulation of Herbal Face Pack and Face Scrub of Musa Paradisiaca
Authors: Lahanu Nagare Pratiksha , Shinde Prof. R. , L. D. Dr. Hingane
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Skin is largest organ of body whose main function is protection. There are a lot of marketed preparations available for the protection of skin from various factors. Bananaleaves are the source of various active constituents which are useful for the skin. Theyare allantoin, flavonoids, polyphenols, lignin, hemicellulose, tannins, rutin, anthocyanin, etc. The aim of this research is to study the medicinal properties and benefits of leaves of Musa paradisiaca on various diseases and especially on skin. The banana leaf extract was used in preparation of face pack and face scrub. As the face pack and face scrub used to cle
Visualization of a Digital Elevation Model using Advanced Image Processing
Authors: Prasad Jayashree , Vidhate Apurv , Patiyat Durva
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Advancements in the field of satellite technologies have made it available to us to acquire the latest imagery, but due to a lack of visualization techniques it becomes very difficult for a person to ascertain the actual situation from a remote place. In this paper we have discussed an attempt to better ascertain satellite imagery with the help of rasters and topographical tools.
Flood Plain Mapping and Identification of Warning Level Prior to Flood for Chalakudy River
Authors: M D Shinto
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Flood is one of the most dangerous disasters occur in the world. It endangers the lives of humans and other species. In India one – fifth of the global death rate is happening due to flood. From 2018 June 1 st to August 19 Kerala also experienced a high intense rainfall which results severe flooding. Five million people were affected and 433 people loss their life during this flood. Hence one way to minimize the effect of flood is proper operation of flood forecasting and flood control systems. In this paper we analysed drastic flood situations in Chalakudy river basin during the years 2018 - 2021. Mapping of flood plain of Chalakudy river basin was prepared using HEC – RAS and ARC GIS and initially drowned areas were mapped using Google Earth Engine. Also identified the flood warning level of Chalakudy river and each local bodies based on actual data and field surveys.
Implementation of RSVP Subnetwork Bandwidth Manager Using GNS-3
Authors: Vyshnavi E.V.S.S.
Published: July 2022

Abstract: In order to obtain various quality of services (QoS) when using Internet applications, RSVP, a transport layer protocol, is used to reserve resources in a computer network. Resource reservations are started from the receiver's end and are carried out using Internet protocol (IP).The features of RSVP are, it is a receiver oriented signaling protocol. The receiver initiates and maintains resource reservation. It is used both for unicasting and multicasting. Unicasting is sending data from one source to one destination but multicasting is sending data simultaneously to a group of destination computers. RSVP supports dynamic automatic adaptation to changes in the network. It provides a number of reservation styles. Additionally, it offers assistance for the incorporation of upcoming fashions. RSVP will work fine once you have to make a reservation on the interface between two switches, but what on the off chance that you have got a shared fragment? An example could be a couple of routers that are connected to the same half-duplex Ethernet network. These switches will share the transfer speed so when different switches make an RSVP reservation it’s conceivable that we oversubscribe. Subnet Transfer speed Director (SBM) is the QoS component that gives asset administration and arrangement based–admission control for QoS-aware applications utilizing shared media subnets (Ethernet, for case). The SBM is based on an IETF draft that characterizes SBM usefulness and its common execution. We are using GNS3 for this implementation. GNS-3 is Graphical Network Simulator3. It may be an arranged program emulator to begin with, discharged in 2008. It permits a combination of virtual and genuine gadgets, utilized to recreate complex systems.