bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Role of Perilesional Tissue in Pathobiology of Epileptogenesis of Vascular Malformations of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Rajeswarie RT , Aravinda HR , Arivazhagan A , Bevinahalli N Nandeesh , Rao Malla Bhaskara , Mahadevan Anita
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose: Seizures are common presentation of cerebral vascular malformation (CVM). Topography and haemodynamic alterations are proposed as mechanisms for epileptogenesis, but the role of glial/neuronal alterations in perilesional tissue has not received much attention. Identification of the exact pathophysiologic basis could have therapeutic implications. To evaluate whether angioarchitectural factors of CVM or alterations in neuroglial/stroma of the adjacent cortex contribute to seizures.Method: The clinical, imaging and histological characteristics of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) with and without seizures was evaluated using neuroimaging imaging and digital subtraction angiography parameters and histopathology by morphology and immunohistochemistry.Results: Fifty-six cases of CVM were diagnosed over a 2-year study period. Of these, 32 had adequate perilesional tissue for evaluation (AVM, 24; CCM, 8). Seizures at presentation was seen in 12/24 (50%) of AVM and 5/8 (62.5%) CCM. In AVM, hemosiderin deposition and gliosis in parenchyma (p=0.01) had significant association with seizure. Siderotic vessels in the adjacent cortex was exclusively seen only in CCM with seizures (p=0.018). Angioarchitectural features of CVM on imaging and neuronal alterations in adjacent cortex on histology failed to show any statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: We propose that changes in adjacent cortex appear to be epileptogenic rather than the malformation per se. Reactive gliosis and hemosiderin deposits in perilesional tissue in AVM and siderotic vessels in CCM were associated with seizure. This explains the better outcomes following extended lesionectomy that includes epileptogenic perilesional tissues.
A Case of Perampanel Overdose Presenting with Respiratory Failure
Authors: Park Yangmi , Kim Seondeuk , Koo Dae Lim , Nam Hyunwoo
Published: January 2023

Perampanel is a novel antiepileptic drug that has been used as an adjunctive treatment for focal-onset seizures. No reports to date have documented respiratory suppression as a side effect of perampanel in adults. Herein, we report a 51-year-old man with focal epilepsy presented with type 2 respiratory failure after accidently consuming of 66 mg of perampanel. Clinicians should consider the possibility of respiratory compromise whenever a high dose of perampanel needs to be administered to patients.
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Lee Hyoung Cheol , Kim Byung-Kun , Kang Kyusik , Lee Woong-Woo , Yoo Ilhan , Kim Yong Soo , Lee Jung-Ju
Published: January 2023

After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged, the development of vaccines was accelerated. Neurologic complications of COVID-19 vaccination had been reported, which included encephalitis. In this study, we report a very rare case of a female with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma that would be triggered by BNT162b2 m-RNA COVID-19 vaccination.
The Increased Interleukin-6 Levels Can Be an Early Diagnostic Marker for New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus
Authors: Kwack Dong Won , Kim Dong Wook
Published: January 2023

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a condition defined as the occurrence of refractory status epilepticus in patients without active epilepsy and no other acute causes of seizure. Although there is evidence that immune-mediated pathogenesis has a pivotal role in the epileptogenesis of NORSE, the diagnosis of NORSE is usually made on the clinical observation because there is no established biological marker suggesting the diagnosis of NORSE. We recently encountered a NORSE patient who was successfully treated with immunotherapy including tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor monoclonal antibody, and the markedly increased levels of serum and cerebrospinal fluid IL-6 were the only laboratory abnormality during the early treatment of the patient.
Model predictive control for precision irrigation of a Quinoa crop
Authors: Beltrán Ccama Iván , Faccini Santoro Bruno , Oliden Semino José
Published: January 2023

Traditional High Andean agriculture is rainfed, and irrigation is commonly carried out in an open loop, that is, without measuring variables such as soil moisture content or plant development to define water consumption. This article presents model predictive control applied to irrigation systems under real conditions, whose purpose is the efficient use of water in rainfed crops with improved yield and crop productivity at minimum water consumption. The article presents a control strategy applying a model of predictive control that calculates the optimal amount of water for daily irrigation under real conditions. The most important attraction of the model is the prediction and future behavior of the controlled variables as a function of the changes in the manipulated variables. The objective is to improve the yield of the crop at minimum water consumption, for this, it will be necessary to use models that link with the Aquacrop software and allow it to be a source of data, and for the prediction of future values. The predictive controller is evaluated in the Quinoa crop (Chenopodium Quinoa Willdenow), and the performance is compared against existing traditional irrigation data in the literature. The results indicate that the predictive controller can achieve higher crop efficiency and reduce irrigation water supplies considerably.
Chinese medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum ameliorates silicosis via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Jia Yangmin , Wang Anlong , Liu Libin , Wang Huaichong , Li Guohui , Zhang Fengwei
Published: January 2023

Polygonum cuspidatum (PC) extract has effect on silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to explore the anti-pulmonary-fibrosis effects and mechanism of PC. Sprague–Dawley rat model was constructed by inhalation of silicon dioxide suspension through tracheal intubation method. And histopathological examination showed that PC inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrous and collagen hyperplasia, and protected the normal structure of alveoli. TUNEL assay declared that PC retarded cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, up-regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor, plated-derived growth factor, and TNF-α in silicosis rats was decreased by PC addition. In addition, human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) cells were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). PC administration increased the proliferation and invasion of TGF-β1-stimulated HFL-1 cells whereas decreased cell apoptosis. Moreover, western blotting exhibited that PC treatment decreased the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, and collagen III in silicosis rats and TGF-β1-stimulated HFL-1 cells. Furthermore, the levels of Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins were up-regulated in silicosis rats and TGF-β1-stimulated HFL-1 cells, which were weakened by PC treatment. Meanwhile, Wnt3a (an activator of Wnt/β-catenin) addition reversed the effect of PC addition. In conclusion, PC prevents silica-induced fibrosis through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Extraterritorial experiences and China’s decision to curb extortion of confessions through torture
Authors: Peng Xinlin , Dang Heping
Published: January 2023

Extortion of confessions through torture is a serious problem in China’s criminal justice. Extraterritorial experiences can help China tackle this problem. The optimization of the prevention mechanism of the extortion of confessions through torture in China should be based on extraterritorial experiences. This study focuses on the themes related to extortion of confessions: disciplining criminal law network of extortion of confessions through torture, controlling time and place of interrogation strictly; solidifying suspects’ right of silence, guaranteeing the enactment of the exclusion rule of evidence illegally obtained, and exploring and establishing a lay visitor inspection system. Based on the findings obtained in the empirical study, we hope implications can be provided for the studies on curbing extortion of confessions in other jurisdictions.
Bispecific antibodies and its applications: a novel approach for targeting SARS-Cov-2
Authors: Shukla Ajay Kumar , Misra Saurav
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a severe global threat, with the world engulfed in the struggle against the disease’s second or third waves, which are approaching frightening proportions in terms of cases and mortality in many nations. Despite the critical need for effective therapy, there is still uncertainty about the optimal practices for treating COVID-19 with various pharmaceutical approaches. This being third year, global immunity and eradication of SARS-CoV-2 is currently seems to be out of reach. Efforts to produce safe and effective vaccinations have shown promise, and progress is being made. Additional therapeutic modalities, as well as vaccine testing in children, are required for prophylaxis and treatment of high-risk individuals. As a result, neutralising antibodies and other comparable therapeutic options offer a lot of promise as immediate and direct antiviral medications. Bispecific antibodies offer a lot of potential in COVID-19 treatment because of their qualities including stability, small size and ease of manufacture. These can be used to control the virus’s infection of the lungs because they are available in an inhalational form. To combat the COVID-19 pandemic, innovative approaches with effective nanobodies, high-expression yield and acceptable costs may be required.
Influence on compressive and tensile strength properties of fiber-reinforced concrete using polypropylene, jute, and coir fiber
Authors: Tariq Khawaja Adeel , Ahmad Jamil , Husnain Syed Ali , Ijaz Muhammad Sufyan
Published: January 2023

This research work is related to the use of environment friendly materials like fibers of coir, polypropylene and jute in concrete. An economical reinforced concrete is produced by reducing the diameter of steel bar by using fiber ropes. We have examined the compressive and flexural strength of fiber-reinforced concrete. In this study, concrete mix is prepared by using coir fibers. Although instead of using only conventional steel bars, reinforced concrete behavior was investigated with the combination of polypropylene fiber and jute fiber ropes along with steel bars for a constant water binder ratio. These fiber ropes are wound around steel bar with the help of Zepoxy 300 for proper bonding of fiber ropes and steel bar. The results demonstrate that properties of concrete are enhanced by using fibers. Fiber ropes with steel bar in coir concrete increased the flexural strength and compressive strength by 6 and 7%, respectively. Furthermore, it is observed that the addition of fibers in concrete changes the cracking pattern of reinforced concrete beams.
Early onset of puberty during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: experience from two Pediatric Endocrinology Italian Centers
Authors: Goffredo Martina , Pilotta Alba , Parissenti Ilaria , Forino Concetta , Tomasi Cesare , Goffredo Paolo , Buzi Fabio , Badolato Raffaele
Published: January 2023

Objectives

During COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, reports of evaluations for suspected precocious puberty significantly raised. We aimed to assess the increase of precocious puberty in patients referred to Pediatric Endocrinology Units of Brescia (Italy), to determine clinical characteristics of patients undergoing a GnRH stimulation test before and during lockdown and evaluate the role of environmental factors in pubertal development.

Methods

Clinical and biochemical data of patients undergoing GnRH stimulation test were collected and stratified in two groups: March 2019 – February 2020 (Period 1) and March 2020 – February 2021 (Period 2).

Results

A total number of 391 evaluations for suspected precocious puberty were identified in the two study periods: 183 (46.8%) first visits during Period 1, and 208 (53.2%) in Period 2. Sixty-one patients underwent a GnRH stimulation test (4.1% of first consultations) before the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, and 93 children (8.7%) after the lockdown. Thirty-four new diagnoses of central precocious puberty were registered during Period 1 (2.3%), vs. 45 new cases (4.2%) in Period 2. During lockdown patients evaluated for suspected precocious puberty underwent a stimulation test at younger age than those evaluated before pandemic (median age of 8.2 years vs. 8.4, p=0.04). In Period 2, children showed a median bone age advancement of 0.61 years vs. 1.06 of Period 1 (p=0.03).

Conclusions

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed an increased proportion of consultations for suspected precocious puberty. These children showed lower bone age advancement than observed in pre-lockdown suggesting the influence of pandemic-related lifestyle changes on pubertal development.
Use of a pocket-device point-of-care ultrasound to assess cervical dilation in labor: correlation and patient experience
Authors: Connell Phillip , Turrentine Mark , Antoniewicz Leah
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To estimate the correlation of cervical dilation between pocket-device point-of-care transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) and digital cervical examination (DCE).

Methods

Laboring pregnant individuals ≥37 weeks of gestation presenting were prospectively evaluated for cervical dilation with a handheld pocket-sized ultrasound (Butterfly iQ+®) applied to the perineum, with a blinded DCE directly following. Subjects completed a survey to rate pain and for any preference from the examinations. To detect a moderate correlation (r=0.5) between TPUS and DCE, with an alpha of 0.05 and power of 80%, a sample size of 30 examinations were needed.

Results

From April 2022 to July 2022, 30 pregnant individuals were assessed. The median cervical dilation by TPUS vs. DCE was 5.1 and 5 cm, respectively, with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r=0.86 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.93), p<0.001. Transperineal ultrasound had a significantly less pain score than DCE, median pain score 0 vs. 2 for TPUS and DCE respectively, p<0.001. All individuals preferred the TPUS over the DCE.

Conclusions

Measurement of cervical dilation using a pocket-device point-of-care TPUS has a strong positive correlation with DCE and offers a non-invasive, convenient alternative to traditional digital exams in term, laboring patients.
Diachronic phonological typology: understanding inventory structure through sound change dynamics
Authors: Easterday Shelece , Bybee Joan
Published: January 2023

We advocate for a diachronic typological approach to phonology, arguing that explanation for phonological structure must appeal to dynamic processes. We outline basic assumptions and explanatory mechanisms of this framework and demonstrate its utility by applying it to aspects of consonant phoneme inventory structure. Examining sound change paths through which palatal(ized) and ejective consonants emerge, we show that initial conditions in a language influence the likelihood of a sound change occurring, and that sound change trajectories may differ in their lifespans and the ease with which they are entered into. Regarding more general theoretical issues, we find that focusing on the dynamic processes that create inventories is more likely to produce accurate predictions about the patterns observed than structural generalizations such as feature economy. We conclude that further elucidating the details of sound change will lead to a fuller and more explanatory phonological typology.
Surface quality improvement at selective laser melting AlSi10Mg by optimizing single point diamond turning parameters
Authors: Wang Yifan , Yu Jun , Wang Zhanshan
Published: January 2023

Selective laser melting allows aluminum-silicon alloy mirrors further lightweight for aerospace applications. The reflective surfaces based on Selective laser melting aluminum-silicon alloy substrates are commonly machined by single point diamond turning. However, many surface defects on single point diamond turning machined surfaces may limit their direct applications in optical system. In the paper, single point diamond turning parameters (cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting speed) are optimized orderly to improve its surface quality. The single point diamond turning machined surface morphologies are measured by using white light profilometer. In our selective laser melting AlSi10Mg substrate, scratches and holes mainly damaged single point diamond turning surface. Scratches are caused by inclusions while holes are generated by gas pores and inclusions. Single point diamond turning parameters optimization reduces the density of such surface defects, but these defects cannot be eliminated totally.
Nanoparticle effects on post-buckling behaviour of patched hybrid composites
Authors: Erdem Serkan , Gur Mustafa , Kaman Mete Onur
Published: January 2023

In this study, the effect of particle additive on buckling behaviour in laminated hybrid composite plates was investigated numerically and experimentally for patched samples. In the experimental study, carbon-aramid woven fabric was chosen as the hybrid material and composite plate production was carried out in a temperature-controlled vacuum infusion production unit. The circular holed specimens were patched on one face with the wet patch and the adhesion performance under buckling load was investigated. The buckling test results for composite plates with and without nanoparticle added to patch matrix material were compared. In numerical study, the buckling analysis of composite plates patched with nano-additive and without nano-additive wet patch method was performed with the finite element method. The numerical results obtained in the nonlinear buckling analysis for plates and the experimental results were compatible with each other. Addition of 1 wt% carbon nano tube (CNT) and graphene to the patch material with fiber angle parallel to the loading direction increased the damage loads by 22.5 and 12.6 wt%, respectively, compared to the non-additive patch. Adding 2 wt% CNT increased damage loads by 50%, while adding 2 wt% graphene reduced damage loads only 1%.
Influence of pulsed laser beam welding in vacuum on the mechanical properties of non-grain oriented electrical steel sheets
Authors: Reisgen Uwe , Olschok Simon , Rasbach Erik , Krichel Thomas
Published: January 2023

Major components of electrical machines are iron cores made of stacked electrical steel sheets. In this paper, pulsed laser beam welding in vacuum is used to join the individual electrical steel sheets. Three different non-grain-oriented electrical steel alloys are investigated and joined by individual spot welds. The influence of pulsed laser beam welding in atmosphere as well as in vacuum on the welding result and the tensile strength of the welded joint is discussed. The results show that the insulation coating of the electrical sheets has significant effects on the grain structure as well as the hardness of the weld spots. These effects can be reduced with decreased working pressure, which reduces the power loss of iron cores. The reduction of the working pressure and the associated reduction of the vapor plume, which appears to reduce the energy input into the component depending on the material and coating, results in an increase of the melt volume and the joint cross sectional area. The tensile strength of the performed welds was tested and interpreted with respect to the influencing process parameters.
Eastern European Perspectives on the Restitution of Nazi-Looted Jewish Cultural Property: Gershom Scholem in Prague, 1946
Authors: Holzer-Kawalko Anna
Published: January 2023

This article offers a critical examination of the travel diaries written by Gershom Scholem (1897–1982), a well-known pioneer scholar of Jewish mysticism and a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 1946, Scholem was sent to Prague on behalf of the Hebrew University to retrieve the Nazi-looted Jewish libraries from Czechoslovakia to Palestine. In recent years, at the same time as a significant rise of scholarly interest in the fate of the plundered Jewish books and manuscripts, Scholem’s accounts have come to serve as a main source of information on the Jewish cultural property in the Bohemian lands. Where most of the currently available studies take his description of the Czechoslovak restitution affairs almost for granted, this article seeks to adopt a more distant approach to these materials, by undertaking a comparison with the documentation produced by the local Jewish bodies and the archival sources of the Czechoslovak authorities responsible for the management of Jewish assets. Zooming in on the encounter between Scholem and the leaders of the Jewish community in Prague, the paper points especially to the multiple misunderstandings that arose between the two parties during his visit. It then explores the difference between his and the Prague protagonists’ perspectives on the Nazi-looted Jewish cultural property.
Singular states of resonant nanophotonic lattices
Authors: Ko Yeong Hwan , Lee Kyu Jin , Simlan Fairooz Abdullah , Magnusson Robert
Published: January 2023

Fundamental effects in nanophotonic resonance systems focused on singular states and their properties are presented. Strongly related to lattice geometry and material composition, there appear resonant bright channels and non-resonant dark channels in the spectra. The bright state corresponds to high reflectivity guided-mode resonance (GMR) whereas the dark channel represents a bound state in the continuum (BIC). Even in simple systems, singular states with tunable bandwidth appear as isolated spectral lines that are widely separated from other resonance features. Under moderate lattice modulation, there ensues leaky-band metamorphosis, merging modal bands and resulting in offset dark states and reflective BICs along with transmissive BICs within a high-reflectance wideband. Rytov-type effective medium theory (EMT) is shown to be a powerful means to describe, formulate, and understand the collective GMR/BIC fundamentals in resonant photonic systems. Particularly, the discarded Rytov analytical solution for asymmetric fields is shown here to predict the dark BIC states essentially exactly for considerable modulation levels. The propagation constant of an equivalent EMT homogeneous film provides a quantitative evaluation of the eminent, oft-cited embedded BIC eigenvalue. The work concludes with experimental verification of key effects.
Strip waveguides in Yb3+-doped silicate glass formed by combination of He+ ion implantation and precise ultrashort pulse laser ablation
Authors: Bai Jing , Wang Jin , Li Ji , Long Xue-Wen , Liu Chun-Xiao , Xie Peng , Wang Wei-Qiang
Published: January 2023

Strip optical waveguides were realized in Yb3+-doped silicate glass with ultrashort pulse laser ablation assisted He+ ion implantation. Planar waveguides were first prepared near the glass surface by He+ ion implantation (450 keV + 500 keV + 550 keV), followed by annealing at 260℃. After that, under the processing parameters of 3 μJ energy and 50 μm/s ablation velocity, two parallel tracks with separation of 15, 20, and 25 μm were, respectively, inscribed on the sample, which confine the light in lateral direction to form a strip waveguide. The near-field intensity measurement indicates that the strip waveguides maintain the single-mode propagation characteristics with 976 nm laser injection, and present the multi-mode characteristics with 632.8 nm laser injection, showing that the guided modes are well supported in the strip waveguides. The minimum propagation loss of strip waveguide is 1.35 dB/cm. Fluorescence emission spectra indicate that the gain properties of waveguide core were maintained well after waveguide preparation, revealing that the strip waveguide device in Yb3+-doped silicate glass has the potential to become an active device as waveguide laser or waveguide amplifier.
Serum homocysteine level was elevated in ulcerative colitis and can be applied as diagnostic biomarker
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Wang Shanshan , Wang Hongmin , Wu Junxia , Tan Qihua
Published: January 2023

Objective

To investigate the correlation between serum level of homocysteine (Hcy) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and evaluate its diagnostic performance by pooling the open published data.

Methods

The case–control or cohort studies relevant to serum level of Hcy and UC, published in Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, China Wanfang and CNKI databases, were systematically screened by using the text word of “homocysteine,” “hcy,” “UC,” “inflammatory bowel disease.” The standard mean difference (SMD) was pooled through random effect model. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve of serum Hcy for UC were also calculated.

Results

Eighteen relevant case–control studies were identified by electronic searching the related databases. The pooled results indicated that the serum levels of Hcy were statical different between UC and healthy controls with SMD = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87–1.04). The serum levels of Hcy were 14.30 ± 3.08 (range: 10.10–21.73) and 10.09 ± 1.57 (range: 6.80–12.47) μmol/L for UC and healthy controls, respectively, of the included 18 studies. Using serum Hcy as biomarker for UC identification, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 94.44% (95% CI: 72.71–99.86%), 72.22% (46.52–90.31%) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77–0.99, P < 0.05), respectively. Significant publication bias was identified in the present work.

Conclusion

Based on the present publications, serum Hcy was elevated in UC cases and can be applied as serological marker for UC diagnosis. However, due to significant publication bias, the diagnostic performance should be further validated by well-designed prospective diagnostic studies.
Diagonal dominance and invertibility of matrices
Authors: Johnson Charles Royal , Marijuán Carlos , Pisonero Miriam
Published: January 2023

A weakly diagonally dominant matrix may or may not be invertible. We characterize, in terms of combinatorial structure and sign pattern when such a matrix is invertible, which is the common case. Examples are given.
DETERMINAÇÃO DO TEMPO PADRÃO DE PRODUÇÃO EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DO SETOR DA SAÚDE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Ferreira Barbara Mendes da Silva , Silva Marco Antonio Garcez da , Rosa Ariane Ferreira Porto , Heidtmann Bemvenuti Renata
Published: January 2023

Em um cenário onde o mercado está cada vez mais competitivo, as empresas buscam eficiência nas suas operações e nos processos de gestão, visando reduzir custos, melhorar a qualidade de seus produtos e aumentar a produtividade. A utilização da cronoanálise auxilia na determinação dos parâmetros da racionalização industrial possibilitando a diminuição do desperdício de tempo, material, dinheiro e esforço humano. O presente trabalho apresenta o mapeamento de processos e a análise de tempos em uma indústria do setor da saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. A metodologia utilizada para realização deste trabalho foi quantitativa com modo estruturado de coleta de dados. Ao longo do trabalho, uma das linhas do processo produtivo foi identificada como a que mais apresentou dificuldades quanto ao planejamento e controle de produção da indústria. A aplicação da cronoanálise no processo dessa linha, portanto, possibilitou à indústria o conhecimento real do tempo padrão (8,2h), o que permite auxiliar a empresa no planejamento e controle da produção e na tomada de decisão.
LA EVALUACIÓN DE LOS APRENDIZAJES A TRAVÉS DE UNA AUTOPREGUNTA DE CONTENIDOS
Authors: Delgrosso Adriana , Dimángano Patricia
Published: January 2023

Resumen

La orientación metacognitiva de la educación pretende que el estudiante universitario sea protagonista de su crecimiento cognitivo y académico. Una de las estrategias para lograrlo son las autopreguntas ya que permiten indagar acerca de conceptos aprendidos. Los objetivos que nos proponemos responder en esta investigación están relacionados con la caracterización de las autopreguntas que se formulan los estudiantes, la descripción de los enunciados a través de los cuales las plantean y las respuestas que dan a las mismas, con el propósito de compararlos con las calificaciones que obtuvieron en la evaluación de resultados que se realiza en el primer examen parcial de la asignatura Psicolingüística. Se trata de un trabajo cuantitativo, cualitativo, descriptivo, trasversal y comparativo cuyos resultados demostraron que la autopregunta y la calificación obtenida por cada estudiante en la evaluación de resultados se encuentran estadísticamente vinculadas entre sí.
APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA 5W3H EM UMA EMPRESA DO SETOR AGRÍCOLA LOCALIZADA EM PELOTAS-RS
Authors: Alves Vitor Abel Monteiro , Moura Henrique Martim de , Schuster Gustavo , Franz Luis Antonio dos Santos
Published: January 2023

O setor agropecuário brasileiro é um dos pilares do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) nacional, sendo um dos alicerces da economia em tempos de crise. Uma das razões para o país possuir uma força tão expressiva no setor é a sua forte cadeia produtiva, que se distribui pelo território do país, desde a colheita até a venda interna ou externa, passando por armazenagem, beneficiamento e distribuição. O presente artigo apresenta como tema os desafios enfrentados em uma empresa de armazenagem deste setor, a qual possui um elevado índice de paradas causadas pela chuva, o que inviabiliza seu processo de carregamento de caminhões. Neste estudo propõe-se a utilização da técnica 5W3H para a resolução deste problema e com foco na eficiência e controle da operação. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar em que nível a técnica de gestão de ações 5W3H pode contribuir no planejamento e implementação de melhorias nas instalações de apoio de uma Unidade de Beneficiamento e Armazenagem de Grãos (UBAG) voltadas ao carregamento de caminhões durante o período de chuva. A aplicação da ferramenta 5W3H demonstrou-se positiva, ampliou-se o tempo disponível para carregamento de grãos, de modo que não ocorressem paradas indesejadas em períodos de chuvas. A utilização da etapa de avaliação do projeto, por meio do ROI foi essencial para a aproximação dos stakeholders ao projeto.
MODELO DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA CUBANO
Authors: Domínguez Calvo Gemma , García Pereira Annia , Torres Alonso Alexis
Published: January 2023

Los sistemas educativos a nivel global se encuentran ante el desafío de buscar formas innovadoras de ejecutar sus funciones, en un mundo marcado por un desarrollo tecnológico creciente. La presente investigación está dirigida a analizar los elementos de mayor incidencia durante la implementación de la modalidad de estudio a distancia en una carrera de perfil técnico agropecuario desde la percepción de sus docentes y gestores. Para ello se toma como experiencia piloto la carrera de Ingeniería en Procesos Agroindustriales de la Universidad Agraria de La Habana (UNAH), con una muestra de 44 docentes y se emplean métodos teóricos y empíricos, mientras, se toma como referencia el planteamiento teórico y metodológico del estudio DigCompEdu desarrollado por la Comisión Europea, atendiendo a algunas particularidades de la región de Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Los resultados han permitido identificar insuficiencias en la infraestructura tecnológica y en las competencias digitales de docentes y gestores como algunas de las principales limitaciones para la implementación del Modelo de educación a distancia, así como, y la necesidad de perfeccionar el trabajo científico metodológico en aras de propiciar formas y estilos pedagógicos que den respuesta al aprendizaje basado en la autogestión del conocimiento.
CORONAVÍRUS (COVID-19) E SEUS IMPACTOS E DESAFIOS PARA A ÁREA DA QUALIDADE: ESTUDO MULTICASOS EM INDÚSTRIAS DE ALIMENTOS DA CIDADE DE PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Gomes Venzke Gabriela , Pereira Aline , Fernandes de Avila David , Carolina Ojeda Elka
Published: January 2023

Durante a pandemia do Coronavírus (Covid-19) países, seguindo os protocolos da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), desenvolveram medidas adequadas a cada local, a fim de evitar um potencial surto e manter os serviços essenciais funcionando. A indústria, que responde a 20,9% do PIB do país, precisou adequar-se às medidas sanitárias impostas, evitando o fechamento das organizações e o desemprego em massa e prevenindo o contágio entre seus trabalhadores. A indústria alimentícia foi classificada como serviços essenciais, por produzirem insumos fundamentais à vida das pessoas e também para evitar o risco de desabastecimento. Pelo fato do ramo alimentício ser um dos mais importantes para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, este trabalho investigou quais os desafios e os impactos que o Covid-19 ocasionou em indústrias de alimentos na cidade de Pelotas. Sendo assim, foi realizado um estudo multicasos em quatro indústrias da cidade, de diferentes portes e ramos da alimentação, com levantamento de dados e informações através da aplicação de um questionário de pesquisa com os gestores das empresas. Como resultados, observou-se que os principais impactos foram em relação aos insumos, como  aumento de preço e atrasos nas entregas, além de quedas nas vendas em duas empresas e em contrapartida, aumento das vendas em uma empresa. Outro impacto importante foi a manutenção dos postos de trabalho, visto que nenhuma organização diminuiu o seu quadro de funcionários e em uma das empresas houve um crescimento em consequência do aumento da demanda.
ANÁLISE DE UMA PONTE ESTAIADA COM DIFERENTES DISPOSIÇÕES DOS ESTAIS
Authors: Tranin de Almeida Lara Rúbia , Rodrigues Jorge
Published: January 2023

As pontes estaiadas permitem transpor grandes vãos, utilizando seções estruturais mais esbeltas, econômicas e leves com arranjos construtivos esteticamente agradáveis, sendo assim um tipo de ponte muito adotado hoje em dia. Quanto à sua concepção estrutural, são inúmeras as formas de dispor os seus estais, sendo importante compreender como esses elementos estruturais influenciam o comportamento global da estrutura. Neste artigo analisa-se o efeito de diferentes disposições dos estais sobre os esforços que são gerados na estrutura de uma ponte estaiada. Para isso, são desenvolvidos modelos de análise, tendo como base a ponte estaiada do Rio Negro, localizada em Manaus, no estado do Amazonas. O estudo parte da modelagem considerando a disposição dos estais que mais se assemelha ao projeto efetivamente executado, sendo depois feitas as alterações necessárias para consideração de outras duas disposições alternativas dos estais, em harpa e em leque. Faz-se uma análise comparativa dos resultados obtidos para cada uma das disposições dos estais. O trabalho desenvolvido permite concluir que a disposição dos estais adotada na ponte efetivamente construída se configura como a mais satisfatória e adequada.
Editorial
Authors: Iriondo Otero Walter Ruben
Published: January 2023

É com imenso prazer que apresentamos uma nova edição da Revista Prociências, com a finalidade de divulgar trabalhos científicos desenvolvidos por discentes, docentes, e pesquisadores que abordem a temática Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, assim como a sua relação com a Inovação, Cidadania, Ética e a Responsabilidade Social, privilegiando a indissociabilidade do Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão.

Dentre os artigos que compõem esta edição da revista, destacamos contribuições vindas da Argentina, Brasil, e Cuba. Da Universidade Aberta Interamericana, na Argentina, nos chega um trabalho que aborda a avaliação da aprendizagem por meio de uma auto pergunta de conteúdo. De Cuba, recebemos uma contribuição proveniente da Universidade Agraria de La Habana, que aborda o modelo de educação a distância daquele país.

Os artigos provenientes do Brasil nesta edição representam uma mudança de paradigma no Centro de Engenharias da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, caracterizada pela disseminação do conhecimento da unidade a partir do grau de maturidade adquirido pelos seus cursos. Os artigos abordam temas como a análise do efeito de diferentes disposições dos estais sobre os esforços que são gerados na estrutura de uma ponte estaiada; os desafios e os impactos que a pandemia do Covid-19 ocasionou em indústrias de alimentos na cidade de Pelotas/RS; o mapeamento de processos e a análise de tempos em uma indústria do setor da saúde do Rio Grande do Sul; as contribuições da técnica de gestão de ações 5W3H numa unidade de beneficiamento e armazenagem de grãos; e um mapeamento do processo de cadastro de gerador de resíduos químicos. Agradecemos aos colaboradores pelo envio dos artigos, e à Comissão Científica pela inestimável contribuição relativa às avaliações dos trabalhos.

Cabe destacar que a Revista Prociências recebe trabalhos em fluxo contínuo e aceita, também, propostas para Edições Especiais, no formato de Dossier ou Edição Temática. Encorajamos, portanto, a submissão de trabalhos inéditos e propostas de Edições Especiais para os próximos números da Revista Prociências.

Desejamos a todos uma proveitosa leitura!

                                                                                                                                                                                  Prof. Dr. Walter R. Iriondo Otero                                                                                                                                                                                  Editor
Changes in the clinical management of 5α-reductase type 2 and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 deficiencies in France
Authors: Bonnet Estelle , Winter Mathias , Mallet Delphine , Plotton Ingrid , Bouvattier Claire , Cartigny Maryse , Martinerie Laetiti , Polak Michel , Bachelot Anne , Huet Frédéric , Baron Sabine , Houang Muriel , Soskin Sylvie , Lienhardt Anne , Bertherat Jérôme , Amouroux Cyril , Bouty Aurore , Duranteau Lise , Besson Rémi , El Ghoneimi Alaa , Samara-Boustani Dinane , Becmeur François , Kalfa Nicolas , Paris Françoise , Medjkane François , Brac de la Perrière Aude , Bretones Patricia , Lejeune Hervé , Nicolino Marc , Mouriquand Pierre , Gorduza Daniela-Brindusa , Gay Claire-Lise
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To examine the changes in diagnostic practices and clinical management of patients with 5α-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2) or 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (HSD17B3) deficiency since molecular diagnoses became available.

Methods

Clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data were retrieved from the medical records of 52 patients with a molecular diagnosis of SRD5A2 (n = 31) or HSD17B3 (n = 21) deficiency. Temporal trends regarding age at assessment and initial sex assignment over 1994–2020 were qualitatively analyzed. Age at molecular diagnosis was compared between two subgroups of patients according to their year of birth.

Results

Fifty-eight percent (n = 30) patients were diagnosed during the perinatal period, 33% (n = 17) during infancy, and 9% (n = 5) during adolescence or adulthood. Over the studied period, the patients’ age at initial assessment and diagnosis frankly decreased. The median (range) age at diagnostic confirmation was 10.5 (0–53.2) years for patients born before 2007 and 0.4 (0–9.3) years for those born in 2007 or later (P = 0.029). Genetic testing identified 27 different variants for the SRD5A2 gene (30% novel, n = 8) and 18 for the HSD17B3 gene (44% novel, n = 8). Before 2002, most patients were initially assigned as females (95%, n = 19), but this proportion dropped for those born later (44%, n = 14; P < 0.001). The influence of initial genital appearance on these decisions seemingly decreased in the most recent years. Therapeutic interventions differed according to the sex of rearing. Ten percent (n = 2) patients requested female-to-male reassignment during adulthood.

Conclusion

This study showed, over the past two decades, a clear trend toward earlier diagnosis and assignment of affected newborns as males.
Prescription of Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitors before and after the Withdrawal of Ranitidine
Authors: Yun Jieun
Published: January 2023

Background: In September 2019, ranitidine, the largest share in the gastric acid secretion inhibitor market, was identified as a carcinogen, and sales were banned. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the gastric acid secretion inhibitor market changed after ranitidine withdrawal.Methods: From January 2010 to December 2021, the prescription dose and cost of gastric acid secretion inhibitors were calculated monthly. To investigate the effect of ranitidine withdrawal on the gastric acid secretion inhibitor market, we developed a time-series autoregressive model using data from January 2010 to October 2019. In addition, the P-value was calculated by interrupted time series analysis using the data dating between 2010 and 2021 (interrupted time: October 2019).Results: Since 2010, proton pump inhibitors have increased their market share in terms of prescription volume and drug costs. This trend accelerated since ranitidine was withdrawn from the market in September 2019. In 2021, it was estimated that ranitidine prescriptions would be transferred as follows: famotidine's increased prescription volume was estimated at 323 million (pharmaceutical cost, 53.2 billion won), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) at 223 million (89.9 billion won), and lafutidine at 137 million (20.5 billion won).Conclusions: The market share expansion of PPIs accelerated due to the withdrawal of ranitidine. The ranitidine prescription was partially transferred to the same H 2 blockers, such as famotidine and lafutidine, and there was also a significant transfer to PPIs.
Declines in Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy in the United States, 2016–2021
Authors: Martin Joyce , Osterman Michelle , Driscoll Anne
Published: January 2023

This report describes changes in the number and percentage of mothers who smoked cigarettes at any time during pregnancy in the United States from 2016 to 2021 and changes between 2016 and 2021 in the percentage of mothers who smoked during pregnancy by maternal age, race and Hispanic origin, and state of residence.
Métodos e instrumentos de evaluación en los programas de formación de pares para personas con problemas de salud mental: revisión documental
Authors: Zabaleta-González Rebeca , Lezcano-Barbero Fernando , Martínez-Pérez Alejandro , Casado-Muñoz Raquel
Published: January 2023

La formación de las personas con enfermedad mental favorece la inclusión social y laboral. La evaluación de estos programas es fundamental para determinar su alcance. El objetivo es identificar los métodos e instrumentos de evaluación empleados en los programas de formación de pares para personas con enfermedad mental. Se realiza una revisión documental. Según los criterios de inclusión y elegibilidad, se seleccionaron 56 programas para su análisis. Los métodos de evaluación utilizados son muy heterogéneos y la información proporcionada es limitada. Encontramos que la mayoría de los programas evalúa conocimientos, pero no las competencias adquiridas con la formación. Para una adecuada evaluación de competencias, es necesario que se recoja información en diferentes momentos y con estrategias que se complementen; de no actuar de esta forma sería complicado afirmar que la persona cuenta con las competencias necesarias para su desempeño.
Fantastikforschung als Beruf
Authors: Spiegel Simon , Weinreich Frank , Einwächter Sophie G. , Gaterman Julia , Schallegger René Reinhold , Petzold Dieter , Vint Sherryl
Published: January 2023

Forum on research into the fantastic as a profession.
Colonial Britain's Convict Labour Policies and the Cape Colony, 1806-1899
Authors: Swiegers M , Wessels A
Published: January 2023

This article evaluates how convict labour alleviated labour shortages experienced in the Cape Colony from 1806 to 1899. It explores and evaluates Britain's significant impact on labour policies followed in the Cape Colony and focuses on the imperial government's role in developing legislation and procedures regarding management and transportation of convicts. It also considers the influence of nineteenth century policies of convict control in Britain, and the application of these policies and labour regimes in the Cape Colony. The article describes convict transportation, anti-convict agitation by Cape colonists and the economic significance of convict labour and public works projects. Finally, the convict lease system - the practice of hiring convicts to mines and to farmers - and Cape labour legislation's role in increasing the convict labour force through criminal sanctions will be examined.
Creation and Preservation of Business History: The Selection Trust and Anglo-American Corporation Archives in Zambia's Copperbelt
Authors: Simabwachi M
Published: January 2023

Based on original archival research and oral interviews, this article examines archives creation and the preservation of the history of the multinational mining companies of Selection Trust (ST) and Anglo-American Corporation (AAC) in Zambia's Copperbelt region between 1922 and 2000. The investment of foreign capital by multinational companies in the Copperbelt mines from the 1920s, marked the genesis and formal preservation of business archives in the Copperbelt. This article argues that although the ST and ACC archives were privately owned and strictly preserved for corporate interests and administrative efficiency, these documents eventually became publicly available because of Zambia's political independence and the nationalisation of the mining industry in the 1960s. In the early 1970s, the United National Independence Party (UNIP) government nationalised the Zambian mines and merged the two multinational companies to form the Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines (ZCCM). Consequently, in 1982, the ST and ACC archives were merged. However, following the complete privatisation of the mining industry in 2000 the identity of mining archives reverted to private entities. This article provides new and significant insights into the power and role of regional and local political-economic shifts in determining the nature and identity of business archives in Zambia.
The Effect of Gamified Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring System Artibos on Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: ÇETİN İsmail , ERÜMİT Ali Kürşat , NABİYEV Vasif , KARAL Hasan , KÖSA Temel , KOKOÇ Mehmet
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine the contribution of ArtiBos, which is designed as a Gamified Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring System for students' problem-solving skills. In the study, first of all, the system’s design features to improve problem-solving skills were examined, and then the effect of the system on problem-solving skills was evaluated. The study was carried out with 12 students studying in the ninth class of a High School in Türkiye and 6 mathematics teachers with different experiences working in the same school. A case study, one of the qualitative research methods were applied in this study through which ArtiBos system logs, student interviews, and teacher interviews were evaluated. Data pertaining to the number of solved problems, the number of problems created, the number of problems solved correctly, the duration of being online in the system, the rate of correct problem-solving, and the average solving time were examined to evaluate system logs. Interview questions have been prepared so that the contribution of system features to problem-solving skills can be evaluated. The data from the interview were analyzed and some codes for problem-solving skills were created. And then, sub-themes were created by combining the codes. The results show that ArtiBos affects students' problem-solving skills positively.