bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Absensi Berbasis Web Pada Siswa PKL di LKP Pelita Media
Authors: Nur Anisah  , Mahesa Rahmat  , Khairul Shaleh  , Reza Ayu Winata
Published: February 2025

Web-based attendance system implementation at LKP Pelita Media represents a significant technological advancement in managing student attendance during their practical work experience (PKL). This study focuses on the development and socialization of a web-based attendance system that replaces the traditional manual recording method. The system features two user levels: instructors and students, with distinct functionalities for each. Instructors can manage student data, monitor attendance, and handle notes, while students can independently record their attendance and submit notes. The implementation process included system development, socialization, and training phases. The results show that this digital transformation has improved operational efficiency, data accuracy, and attendance management at LKP Pelita Media. This modernization demonstrates the successful integration of information technology in educational institutions to meet contemporary needs.
Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Konsentrasi Belajar Pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Muthmainnah Asmal
Published: February 2025

The use of gadgets has become an integral part of school-aged children’s lives in today’s digital era. This study aims to analyze the relationship between gadget usage and students’ concentration levels. The research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational method, involving 37 fifth-grade students from SD Inpres Maccini Makassar as the sample. Data were collected using a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using simple regression. Based on the analysis results or hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This means there is a significant relationship between the variable of gadget usage and learning concentration. From the regression analysis, the regression equation obtained is 5.214−0.413X This equation indicates that each one-unit increase in the gadget usage score will decrease the learning concentration score by 0.413. In other words, the longer the duration of gadget usage, the lower the concentration level in school-aged children.
Analysis of Outpatient Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Patterns: A Four-Criteria Framework at Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar
Authors: Widowati I Gusti Ayu Rai , Kusuma Kadek Ari Teja , Dewi Dewa Ayu Putu Satrya
Published: February 2025

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition with high blood sugar levels caused by insufficient insulin production. Improper prescribing can lead to ineffective treatment, increased health risks, and resource wastage.
Objective: This study aims to assess compliance with four essential criteria for rational drug use in treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) patients at Sanjiwani Hospital in Gianyar. By examining these areas, the study seeks to identify opportunities for improving DM2 treatment and ensuring that practices align with established standards to enhance patient outcomes and safety.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2024, analyzing purposively collected prescriptions. A total of 113 prescriptions were reviewed to assess prescribing practices.
Results: The study evaluated prescribing accuracy based on four criteria: drug selection, dosage, indication, and timing. Results showed 100% accuracy in drug selection and indication, 76.1% accuracy in dosage, and 78.8% accuracy in timing.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that medication practices at Sanjiwani Hospital for DM2 patients are generally satisfactory. However, pharmacists should play an active role in providing pharmaceutical information and counseling to achieve the best clinical outcomes. This includes ensuring correct dosage and timing to improve overall treatment effectiveness and patient safety.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Hormonal Aromatase inhibitors (AI) Therapy in Hormone Receptor Positive Post-Menopausal Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Perdiyana Angki , Lesmana Agri , Sitompul Dea Syafira Alamsyah , Wijayanti Fakhira Ayu , Alrasyid Miko Dharma , Wiguna Naufal Yafi Rais , Sutomo Tharisa Novianti Syabania , Nugraha Deity , Fitriani Elies
Published: February 2025

Background: Endocrine therapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of breast cancer for patients who are hormone receptor-positive (HR+). Aromatase Inhibitors are a key option for managing HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
Objective: This study investigates the efficacy of Aromatase Inhibitors in postmenopausal women with HR+ breast cancer, focusing on their therapeutic benefits and associated risks.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Cochrane, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus databases, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias for Randomized Trials (RoB 2.0) tool.
Results: Aromatase Inhibitors function by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, effectively reducing estrogen production. While they can be used with other therapies such as metformin or saracatinib, these combinations are not significantly more effective. Aromatase Inhibitors have been shown to enhance cognitive function and alleviate some depressive symptoms, although they may increase the risk of depression and anxiety in some patients.
Conclusion: Aromatase Inhibitors are an effective treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. However, the potential psychological side effects, such as depression and anxiety, require careful management during therapy.
Effects of integrative administration of acetyl-L-carnitine, arginine, and Co-Q10 in mitigating oxidative stress in over-weight/obese PCOS women
Authors: Ali Shah Fawad , Shah Bukhari Syed Murtaza , Emal Emal , Shah Mohsin
Published: February 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common multifactorial endocrine reproductive disorder affecting 11%– 13% of women worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of integrative therapy on oxidative stress as well as hormonal and metabolic parameters in women affected by PCOS. Sixty women with PCOS were randomly assigned to either an integrative therapy group, receiving acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) (2,000 mg), L-arginine (2,000 mg), and Coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) (200 mg) daily, or a metformin group, receiving metformin (1,000 mg daily) for a 12-week period. Baseline values were comparable between both groups. Before treatment, both arms exhibited significantly elevated oxidative stress, alongside alterations in anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine parameters. The treatment significantly altered the anthropometric profiles of participants in both treatment arms (p < 0.05). The integrative therapy led to a greater reduction in oxidative stress markers, such as carbonyl and asymmetric dimethylarginine levels (p < 0.05) compared to the metformin group. The integrative therapy group also showed significant improvements in hormonal parameters, Ferriman–Gallwey scores, and ovarian morphology compared to the improvements observed in the metformin group (p < 0.05). This randomized control trial demonstrated that integrative therapy with ALC+Arg+Co-Q10 significantly improved oxidative stress, and metabolic, and endocrine profiles in overweight/obese women with PCOS. The findings highlight the potential of this integrative therapy as a comprehensive treatment strategy for PCOS. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05653895. Registered: 3 January, 2022.
A Super-Wideband Miniaturized Graphene-Dielectric Folded Monopole Antenna
Authors: Guo L.
Published: February 2025

A graphene-dielectric folded monopole antenna with super-wideband bandwidth and a small volume is proposed in this paper. The antenna features a disc-loaded folded cylindrical configuration that mainly consists of graphene-powder and graphene-ink dielectric cylinders, along with copper discs. Two primary radiation modes are generated and combined to achieve the desired super-wideband bandwidth. The applied graphene-powder and graphene-ink dielectric cylinders serve as crucial radiating and tunable elements, rendering the antenna impedance matched across the super-wideband range. Furthermore, direct current (DC) excitation combined with conducting wires is utilized to improve impedance matching and enhance the operating bandwidth toward lower frequencies. The measured results indicate that the antenna has a super-wideband operating bandwidth across 0.114-0.202 GHz and 0.34-18 GHz (|S11|<-6 dB). The measured antenna peak gains range from -3.75-3.50 dBi. The antenna dimensions can be maintained at 0.006λL×0.006λL×0.011λL, where λL is the wavelength in free space at the lowest operating frequency.
Avaliação do efeito de doses e formas de aplicação de zinco sobre as características agronômicas do girassol, variedade sunrich orange, por meio de análise multivariada
Authors: Siqueira Tânia da Silva , Andrade Mateus Ferreira , Santos Neurisvaldo Alves dos , Souza Maria Jucelia Pereira de , Amorim Agda Taynná de , Araújo Pedro Pereira de , Purificação Iara Alves da , Simplício Josimar Bento , França José Geraldo Eugênio de , Silva Luzia Ferreira da , Silva Monalisa Alves Diniz da
Published: February 2025

As elevadas produtividades do girassol são diretamente dependentes das condições ambientais e do suprimento adequado dos nutrientes. Os micronutrientes, embora requeridos em quantidades inferiores aos macronutrientes, são primordiais para o adequado desenvolvimento das plantas. O zinco, por exemplo, está entre os micronutrientes mais imprescindíveis para o pleno desenvolvimento das plantas. Contudo, ainda são escassas as informações a respeito do zinco na cultura do girassol, especialmente no que diz respeito aos impactos sobre os caracteres morfológicos e de produtividade. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar a influência de doses crescentes de sulfato de zinco, associadas a duas formas de aplicação sobre as características de interesse agronômico do girassol, variedade Surich orange.  Empregou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2×5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos corresponderam à duas formas de aplicação do micronutriente Zn (1 - via tratamento de sementes e 2 - via foliar, aplicado 30 dias após o plantio, no estádio fenológico V18) e cinco doses (0, 80, 160, 240 e 320 g ha-1 de Zn na forma de sulfato de zinco), totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. As variáveis analisadas foram: peso da haste floral, massa seca da parte aérea e  da raiz e produtividade de aquênios. Ainda neste estádio fenológico mensurou-se a altura de planta, diâmetro interno do capítulo, diâmetro do capítulo, comprimento de pétala, número de pétalas, diâmetro da haste e do caule. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, análise multivariada dos componentes principais e correlação de Pearson. O sulfato de zinco proporciona maior acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz, independente da forma de aplicação. A dose de máxima eficiência agronômica a ser aplicada via foliar é a de 219,57 g ha-1 de sulfato de zinco. A aplicação de sulfato de zinco via tratamento de sementes ou via foliar, aumenta a produtividade de aquênios de girassol.
Valoração socioeconômica e ambiental da extração de madeira em tora da Floresta Amazônica no estado do Pará
Authors: Santana Antônio Cordeiro de , Santana Ádina Lima de , Santana Ádamo Lima de , Costa Nilson Luiz
Published: February 2025

O objetivo da pesquisa foi o analisar o mercado de madeira em tora de cinco mesorregiões do estado do Pará, no período de 2000 a 2015, determinar a influência do desmatamento sobre a regulação do mercado e estimar o valor monetário da atividade florestal madeireira. Aplicou-se um modelo na forma de dados em painel e os parâmetros das equações de demanda e oferta foram estimados pelo método dos momentos generalizados. Os resultados indicaram que a demanda e a oferta de madeira são inelásticas a preço e significativamente influenciadas pelo desmatamento. O impacto do desmatamento foi positivo sobre a demanda e superior, em termos absolutos, ao impacto negativo sobre a oferta, resultando em incremento no preço de equilíbrio do mercado. Os benefícios socioeconômicos e ambientais médios da extração de madeira em tora por mesorregião foi de R$ 137,73 milhões por ano no período de 2000 a 2015, ou o montante de R$ 688,65 milhões por ano para o estado do Pará. Desse total, os produtores se apropriaram de 21,8% e os consumidores de 78,2%. Por fim, o preço de equilíbrio da madeira foi superior aos preços médios utilizados na valoração da floresta para efeito das compensações e aos preços mínimos dos editais dos projetos de concessão florestal, o que indica uma subestimação do valor socioeconômico e ambiental do capital florestal madeireiro.
Desafios do planejamento curricular na educação da atualidade: entre a teoria e a prática
Authors: Santos Leizane Ferreira dos , Azevedo Antonio Gilson Barbosa , Pinto Caio Martins , Costa Ediel Faial , Santos Márcia Conceição , Vasconcelo Shirley Gielma Costa
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo investiga os desafios do planejamento curricular na contemporaneidade, analisando a lacuna entre teoria e prática educacional. O objetivo é analisar os desafios do planejamento curricular na educação contemporânea, destacando a lacuna entre teoria e prática e propondo estratégias para superá-la. O planejamento curricular é essencial para a organização pedagógica, porém enfrenta desafios diante das transformações sociais, culturais e tecnológicas. A pesquisa fundamenta-se em revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, considerando autores como Tomazinho (2018), Sacristán (1998) e Saviani (2008). Os desafios identificados incluem a desconexão entre diretrizes curriculares e realidades escolares, a rigidez dos planejamentos e a necessidade de maior flexibilidade para atender às demandas educacionais contemporâneas. A inclusão dos professores no processo de planejamento é essencial para a construção de currículos mais coerentes e eficazes. A interdisciplinaridade e a adaptação curricular são apontadas como estratégias fundamentais para promover aprendizagens significativas. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de políticas educacionais mais adaptáveis, que considerem a pluralidade das instituições de ensino. Conclui-se que a construção de currículos mais eficazes requer diálogo entre gestores, professores e comunidade escolar.
Effect of Aerobic Training on Anxiety, Activities of Daily Living and Visual Motor Skills Performance in Children with Autism: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Dhingra Anju , Gupta Aarti , . Aditi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has significantly increased over the past 20 years. Characterised by impairments in communication skills and the presence of stereotypical behaviours, individuals with ASD often experience difficulties in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), abnormalities in visual processing and anxiety disorders. Structured exercise programs can serve as an effective complementary therapy for individuals with ASD by reducing symptoms and maximising abilities.

Aim: To study the effect of aerobic exercise on anxiety, ADLs and visual motor skills performance in children with mild to moderate ASD.

Materials and Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted at the SGT Medical College Hospital and Research Institute in Gurugram, Haryana and Holy Heart Special School in Dwarka Mor, Delhi, India from January 2023 to May 2023. Thirty-eight children aged between 7 and 13 years with mild to moderate ASD who met the selection criteria were included and randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (n=19) received aerobic training, while Group B (n=19), the control group, received an ASD awareness lecture along with other students to help them understand this disorder, which may decrease anxiety and improve the performance of children with ASD. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the 8th week of the study. The outcome measures used were the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the mirror drawing apparatus. Data were statistically analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Mann-Whitney test.

Results: Group A and Group B had respective median ages of 11 (8-13) years and 8 (7-12) years, with a similar gender distribution (F=1, M=18) in both groups. There was a significant reduction in the SCARED scores in Group A compared to Group B (p-value=0.004) after aerobic exercises. FIM scores were significantly higher in Group A than in Group B after the aerobic exercise intervention (p-value=0.009). Similarly, in Group A, the amount of time needed to draw the figure and the errors made with both the right and left hands decreased significantly for the mirror drawing score following aerobic exercises, indicating improvements in anxiety, ADLs and visual motor skills after the treatment.

Conclusion: The results indicated that incorporating aerobic activities for children with mild to moderate autism improves ADLs, visual motor abilities and reduces anxiety.
Assessment of the Persistent Organic Compounds Residual Level of Telfaria occidentalis Hook F. Leaves (Ugu) Cultivated in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja - Nigeria
Authors: F. I. Nnrani , G. O. Ogunlade-Anibasa , R. W. Ndana , H. D. Aliyu
Published: February 2025

This study investigated persistent organic compounds residue level in Telfaria occidentalis Hook F. Leaves (Ugu) cultivated in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria. T. occidentalis was collected from 12 farms, 2 each per Area Council using a circular grid of 20m apart. Random sampling technique was used to collect samples T. occidentalis (Ugu) leaves at six different spots within the farm to form composite sample during the rainy season (August, 2023). The POCs residue levels were determined using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). Alpha-BHC, Beta-BHC, Gamma-BHC, Aldrin, Heptachlor, Endrin, DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and Endosulfan Sulfate were recorded in T. occidentalis across the Area Councils of all these, Heptachlor has the highest concentration of 15.67mg/kg, followed by Endrin with 15.25mg/kg, Beta – BHC with 13.87mg/kg, Endosulfan Sulfate with 8.56mg/kg, DDT with 7.49mg/kg, Alpha – BHC with 4.86mg/kg, Aldrin with 2.17mg/kg and the lowest concentration is that of Gamma – BHC with o.49mg/kg. Occurrence of these POCs was also ranked across the Area Councils where some Area Council ranked first in some POC and closely followed by others an indication of indiscriminate use of pesticides in these Area Councils particularly those detected for which the Area Councils ranked first. There was no significant difference (p˂0.05) in the concentrations across the six Area Councils. However, these concentrations been above Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) permissible by the World Health Organization/ Food and Agricultural Organization (WHO/FAO ) and  National Environmental standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) which implies that there is a potential health risk for human and animals that consume these vegetables however, the extent of health effects will depend on the quantity and frequency of consumption and this calls for strict regulation of the application of the pesticides in farms.
Prevalence of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues and the Associated Risks of Dietary Exposure through Selected Vegetables from Ilala District, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Tegekanya Rosemary , Wenaty Alex , Chove Bernard , Mbwana Hadijah
Published: February 2025

The increasing reliance on pesticide use in agricultural practices, particularly in developing regions such as Tanzania, poses significant risks to food safety and public health. This study investigated the prevalence and concentration of organophosphate-based pesticide residues in commonly consumed vegetables, specifically Amaranth (Amaranthus), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa Pekinensis) and Sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea Batatas) cultivated in Ilala district of Dar Es Salaam City. Data on vegetable consumption were collected from 138 vegetable farmers using the 24-hour dietary recall method. The analytical methodology employed gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Vegetable samples were prepared through a series of extraction and purification steps. The results revealed significant variation (P < 0.05) in organophosphate residue concentrations across the different vegetable types and sampling sites. The potential health risks associated with dietary exposure to these pesticide residues were evaluated by employing deterministic approaches. The average residual concentration of profenofos in chinese cabbage was found to be 0.044 ± 0.014mg/kg, while in amaranth exhibited a higher concentration of 0.182 ± 0.056mg/kg. Notably, the concentration of diazinon in amaranth reached 0.272 ± 0.156mg/kg, indicating a significant presence of this pesticide. From this study, chlorpyrifos and marathion emerged as the predominant pesticides, significantly surpassing Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) established by international food safety standards. The Estimated dietary intake (EDI) for chlorpyrifos was determined to be 0.004mg/kg body weight per day, with an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.01mg/kg body weight per day, the resulting hazard index (HI) values for chlorpyrifos in both chinese cabbage and amaranth was >1, indicating a significant risk of adverse health effects from chronic exposure. The findings underscore a critical public health concern as consumption of these vegetables may expose consumers to harmful pesticide levels, particularly vulnerable populations such as children and agricultural workers.
The Interplay among Sustainability Reporting, Gross Profit Margin and Corporate Tax Strategies
Authors: Lenny
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the intricate relationship between sustainability reporting, gross profit margin (GPM), and corporate tax strategies, particularly focusing on the role of corporate tax turnover ratio (CTTOR) as a moderating variable within coal mining corporations listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The introduction posits that while the primary aim of companies is profit maximisation, this often leads to significant adverse effects on natural resources and the environment, necessitating a shift towards sustainable development practices. The study utilises a quantitative approach, analysing data from 32 coal mining companies over three years (2021-2023) to uncover how sustainability reporting impacts gross profit margins and how CTTOR modifies this relationship. Methodologically, the research employs multiple linear regression implemented through SPSS, alongside classical assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation. The findings affirm a positive correlation between sustainability reporting and GPM, indicating that enhanced sustainability practices lead to better financial performance. Moreover, CTTOR significantly strengthens this relationship, highlighting its role as a crucial factor in corporate tax strategies that can enhance profitability. The conclusion emphasises the importance of sustainability reporting in improving profit margins and compliance with tax regulations, advocating for broader adoption of sustainable initiatives among corporations to balance economic objectives with ecological responsibilities.
Effect of Project Risk Management Practices on Project Performance in Rwanda: A Case of Infection Disease (ID) and Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Project
Authors: Pascal Chance , Javan Semana
Published: February 2025

The study titled “Effect of Project Risk Management Practices on Project Performance in Rwanda: A Case of Infection Disease (ID) Project and Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Project” provides valuable insights into the interplay between risk management and project success. The research involved a sample of 87 employees from both the ID and MCH projects, utilizing universal sampling for participant selection. Data was gathered through questionnaires and documentary reviews, effectively capturing relevant information. The analysis employed descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to assess relationships. Key findings revealed a moderate positive correlation (r= 0.596, p-value=0.000<0.01) between project risk management practices and the performance outcomes of both projects. This suggests that effective risk management contributes positively to project success. Additionally, the study identified a significant difference in project risk identification practices between the ID and MCH projects, with a mean value difference of 0.6381 and a p-value of 0.047, indicating that the risk identification approaches differ significantly at the 5% significance level. These findings underscore the crucial role of tailored risk management strategies in enhancing project performance, particularly in health-related initiatives. Integrating these insights can lead to improved outcomes in similar projects across Rwanda.
Sociolinguistic Competence and Language Transfer among Omani ESL Learners: Institutional and Cultural Perspectives
Authors: Vaishnav Pankaj
Published: February 2025

This study examines the interplay between sociolinguistic competence and language transfer in English as Second Language (ESL) learning within Omani higher education. With Arabic as the first language, Omani ESL learners navigate linguistic and cultural influences that shape their English proficiency. Grounded in transfer theory and sociocultural perspectives on second language acquisition, this research investigates how institutional and cultural contexts impact sociolinguistic competence and the extent to which Arabic linguistic norms contribute to language transfer. Using a comparative methodology, data was collected through surveys, interviews, and language use analysis from students across three distinct institutions: Sultan Qaboos University (public-urban), Muscat University (private-urban), and Sur University College (public-rural). Findings indicate that sociolinguistic competence varies based on institutional setting, exposure to English, and interactional norms, with Arabic exerting both positive and negative transfer effects. The study underscores the challenges of integrating sociolinguistic competence into ESL curricula and provides recommendations for enhancing pragmatic training, pedagogical strategies, and teacher professional development to mitigate negative transfer and improve communicative proficiency.
Environmental and Public Health Impacts of Urbanization and Industrialization in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyanju Opelopejesu Israel , Efeni Ogheneochuko Shadrack , Omoemu Ufuomanefe Cleopatra , Oyedele Modupe Oluwatemitope , Awe Boluwatife Samuel , Nomuoja Omonigho Francisca
Published: February 2025

Urbanization and industrialization are central to Nigeria’s economic transformation, driving infrastructural development, job creation, and increased productivity. However, these processes have accelerated existing environmental and public health challenges rather than merely creating new ones. This paper examines the impacts of urban expansion and industrial activities on Nigeria’s environment and public health. The rapid growth of cities, fueled by rural-urban migration and industrial development, has exacerbated issues such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and pollution of air and water resources. Industrial operations, particularly in the oil and gas, manufacturing, and construction sectors, contribute to environmental degradation through emissions, hazardous waste disposal, and resource exploitation. These activities have resulted in worsening air quality, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and severe contamination of water bodies, posing major risks to human health. Additionally, inadequate infrastructure has led to poor waste management, compounding urban health challenges and contributing to the spread of vector-borne diseases and respiratory ailments. The study reveals the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to address these escalating issues. Sustainable urban and industrial policies must be implemented to balance economic progress with environmental conservation. This requires the active involvement of government agencies, industries, and local communities. Specifically, the study advocates for stringent environmental regulations, improved waste management systems, and the integration of green technologies to mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and industrialization on public health and the ecosystem. Immediate action is critical to prevent further environmental degradation and health crises, particularly considering Nigeria’s rapidly growing urban population. To ensure a healthier, more sustainable future, policymakers must prioritize collaborative efforts, enforce stricter environmental standards, and invest in sustainable infrastructure and green innovation.
On the QSPR Analysis of Diabetic Nephropathy with the Degree-based Topological Indices
Authors: Nagarajan S. , Aswini B.
Published: February 2025

Aims: In this article, the drugs used in the treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy are analyzed using the topological indices, and a QSPR analysis of the chemical properties is done.
Study Design:  The degree based topological indices are used for this structural analysis of chemical compounds of these drugs.  The graph structure of a chemical structure is derived from a chemical component by considering the atoms as vertices and the bonds connecting two atoms as edges, the edge-partitions are computed and used to obtain the topological indices.
Results: The topological indices of these drugs are calculated and compared with the theoretical properties of the drugs. The diagrammatic visualization of the data is plotted in Box graph, Line graph and in scatter diagram. The theoretical values are compared with these topological indices and the regression equations are found. The relation between the properties of chemicals in terms of topological indices is given as regression equations. These equations contain vital information about the structural relationship and the numerical invariants and the properties in terms of numerical values and may be used for drug design.
Conclusion: The computed topological indices are visualized in various aspects and the regression analysis among the chemical properties of the drugs and the topological indices is done. This degree-based QSPR analysis helps to design medicines for the diabetic nephropathy.
Evaluation of Palm Oil Market Dynamics in Ogbadibo Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Francis Ogebe, Ozoko , G. A. Okpeke, , David Ameh Enemune
Published: February 2025

This study examined the analysis of palm oil marketing in Ogbadibo Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the socio-economic characteristics of the palm oil marketers in the study area; marketing channels; determined the marketing costs and return incurred by palm oil marketers in the study area; determined the factors that affect the marketing of palm oil in the area and to determine the constraints experienced by palm oil marketers in the study area. The research employs a public opinion survey using well-structured questionnaire and interview schedule to achieve the specific objectives. Data were collected from 120 respondents in September, 2024, the peak of palm oil marketing in the study area through the administration of a questionnaire and was analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency, and percentages and determined multiple regression. The result showed that palm oil marketing is a women-dominated business as revealed by (82.5%) of the respondents were female. The results also indicated that people from the ages of 31 – 40 are more interested in palm oil marketing as they formed the majority with about 50%. The majority (73.8%) of the marketers were married which showed that there were more married people involved in the marketing of palm oil in Ogbadibo Local Government Area of Benue State. Also, majority (45%) of the marketers have been in the palm oil business for 5 to 10 years. Furthermore, all respondents had formal education. The majority (60%) of palm oil marketers have household sizes of 2– 4 persons, with majority (42.5%%) earning between N 61,000 – N 80,000 as monthly the income of the majority of the marketers. Also, the result showed that on the average, the total variable cost incurred was N26, 000 while fixed cost amounted to N3, 500, on the return side, the average total revenue amounted to N57, 600, the gross margin of the marketers was estimated to be N26, 100, the profit of N22, 600 while the net return on investment was 0.55% per gallon per day. Result of pricing efficiency ratio of 1.175 and 1.367 for wholesalers and retailers respectively, indicated that wholesalers and retailers quoted prices were under efficient implying that few of them were running the business at a loss. The major constraints affecting palm oil marketers were high cost of transportation, lack of access to credit facilities, substitution by other products among others. The study concluded that palm oil marketing was profitable and solvent with a return on investment of 0.55% and a profit of N22, 600 per gallon per day or (1 gallon =3.7854 liters). The study recommends that there should be an improvement in the transportation system to reduce the high cost of palm oil transportation.
Dynamic Scaling and Performance Optimization for Microservices using Kubernetes
Authors: Vishnivetskii Konstantin
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates Kubernetes' role in managing microservices under high-load conditions, emphasizing the efficiency of Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA), Cluster Autoscaler, and security mechanisms. The research demonstrates how Kubernetes enhances scalability, reduces failure risks, and ensures stable performance. Experimental results validate its effectiveness in optimizing CPU load and response time for fluctuating workloads. The problems faced by developers when implementing this software were also considered, namely: security settings, optimization of auto-scaling, and configuration scheme of network interaction between components.
The experimental results presented in Tables 1–3 confirm the effectiveness of automatic microservices scaling in Kubernetes. Under loads of 10,000 and 100,000 connections, the average CPU load without scaling reached 606.34–555 ms, whereas with Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) enabled, this metric was reduced to 219–293 ms. Similarly, server response time in scenarios 1 and 2 decreased by more than half (from 43 to 12 ms and from 58 to 32 ms, respectively). These findings demonstrate that HPA and Cluster Autoscaler mechanisms, designed for dynamically adjusting the number of nodes based on the current load, optimize computational resources and enhance system responsiveness even under increasing traffic.
The article targets developers and software architects optimizing microservice applications. In conclusion, recommendations are provided on leveraging Kubernetes to build a flexible, fault-tolerant microservice architecture capable of handling high loads.
The article is aimed at developers and architects of software systems that optimize microservice applications. In conclusion, recommendations are given on using Kubernetes to create a flexible, fault-tolerant microservice structure ready for high loads.
Tomato Flu and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Comparative Review of Emerging Viral Infections
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Deshwali Zahid Hussain
Published: February 2025

"Tomato Flu" refers to a relatively new viral condition that garnered attention in 2022, especially in various region of India. It's important to note that despite its name, Tomato Flu is not a type of influenza. The term "flu" in this context might be slightly misleading as it is not related to the influenza viruses that cause seasonal flu. The name "Tomato Flu" arises from one of its characteristic symptoms: the formation of red, tomato-like blisters on the body of infected individuals. This virus primarily affects young children, particularly those between the ages of one and five. However, there are also reports of older children and adults, especially the elderly with weakened immune systems, being affected. The exact transmission mode of Tomato Flu was still under investigation, it was believed to spread through close contact, which is common for many viral infections in children. Still there is no develop any specific antiviral drug for Tomato Flu. Management of the condition primarily focused on alleviating symptoms, such as using acetaminophen or ibuprofen to reduce fever and pain. Supportive care may be given.
Navigating Human-wildlife Conflict: Key Species, Impacts, Mitigation and Challenges in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Bharti Shubham , Kumar Gulshan , Kapoor Gaurav
Published: February 2025

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in Himachal Pradesh is a critical issue arising from the intersection of human activities and wildlife habitats. Rapid deforestation, agricultural expansion, urbanization, and infrastructure development have all reduced natural habitats, pushing wildlife to live close to human settlements. Crop raiding, livestock predation, property damage, and on rare occasions human casualties are all forms of conflict. Leopards, black bears, monkeys, and wild boar are among the important animals involved in conflicts. The consequences of HWC are diverse, including economic losses for farmers, dangers to human safety, retaliatory wildlife fatalities, and disruptions to ecological equilibrium, despite current mitigation measures such as compensation schemes, fencing, wildlife transfer, awareness campaigns, sterilization program obstacles persist due to lack of funds, delays in policy implementation, and limited community participation, which complicates interventions. Studying human-wildlife conflicts is crucial to developing effective and sustainable solutions to mitigate negative impacts on humans and wildlife. This review helps in understanding the conflicts in Himachal Pradesh and developing strategies that promote coexistence. The state may effectively reduce human-wildlife conflicts while preserving its rich biodiversity by using an integrated approach that balances conservation goals with the socioeconomic requirements of local communities.
Soil Pollution: Sources, Effects, and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Koushal Sanjay , Arya Devesh , Anbarasan S. , Haloi Dipankar , M Rashmi , Rahman Tanvi , Singh Vikas , Deekshithulu N.V. Gowtham
Published: February 2025

Soil pollution is a growing global concern, directly affecting soil health, agriculture, ecosystems, and human health. It results from various anthropogenic and natural activities, leading to the contamination of soil with toxic chemicals, waste, and pathogens. Key sources of soil pollution include industrial activities, agricultural practices, urbanization, and improper waste disposal. Pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastics, and pathogens have severe effects on the soil ecosystem, reducing its fertility, biodiversity, and productivity. Furthermore, soil pollution poses significant health risks, such as food contamination and water pollution, and contributes to environmental degradation. This review discusses the sources of soil pollution, the types of pollutants, their impacts on soil and human health, and potential mitigation strategies, including preventive measures, bioremediation techniques, and soil restoration practices. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for integrated efforts at local, national, and global levels to combat soil pollution for sustainable development.
The Applicability of Social Media Platforms for Academic Purposes: A Case of Selected Higher Learning Institutions in Tanzania
Authors: Mashauri Daudi , Kandengukila Pankras
Published: February 2025

Background: The increasing use of social media in academic settings has raised questions about its potential to support student learning. Recent studies examined the impact and usage of social media platforms in other parts of the world, but Sub-Sahara Africa remains unattended. This study examines the applicability of social media platforms for academic purposes in colleges and tertiary institutes in Tanzania.
Aim: To investigate the use of social media platforms for academic purposes. The study aims to identify frequent social media platforms used for academic purposes, identify male-female statistical usage distribution, and identify the applicability of social media platforms for academic purposes.
Study Design: The study employed a cross-sectional approach known for efficiency, wide application, and a snapshot of the population, as well as a quantitative approach to provide more reliable and generalizable results.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted across six (6) regions in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Mbeya, Kilimanjaro, Mwanza, and Singida between July and December 2023.
Methodology: The study involved 318 college students, including undergraduate, diploma, and technician certificate students. It used purposeful sampling among college students and both offline and online questionnaires, with a response rate of 90%. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25, and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability and internal consistency of the items. The significance of the parameter difference in this study was analyzed using Analysis of Variance. A multiple linear regression model was used to assess the applicability of social media platforms for academic purposes in higher learning institutions.
Results: The study found that WhatsApp, YouTube, Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), and Instagram are the most commonly used social media platforms for academic purposes. A multiple linear regression model revealed that social media usage explains 57.9% of the variance in students' academic matters, with a statistically positive significance (p < 0.005).
Conclusion: The study suggests that social media platforms can effectively support student learning, particularly in sharing assignments, handouts, and homework. It implores that social media platforms can be blended with conventional learning approaches to enhance student participation during their learning trajectory.
Pioneering Study of Testate Amoebae in Nagi Bird Sanctuary of Bihar, India: A Contribution to Ramsar Site Microfauna
Authors: V. M Sathish Kumar. , L Bindu. , Kumar Anil
Published: February 2025

No previous literature has documented testate amoebae living on moss in the Nagi Bird Sanctuary, a designated Ramsar site in Bihar. Therefore, this investigation became the first study to explore testate amoebae species diversity in this important wetland. Testate amoebae are excellent environmental bioindicators, and single-celled microorganisms with external shells and are free-living. The present study is based on the moss samples collected from the Nagi Bird Sanctuary resulted in 16 testate amoebae species from 6 genera and 6 families. This research expands the existing understanding about testate amoeba species and distribution patterns at Ramsar sites in India as well as general ecological knowledge for future surveys and conservation efforts, especially for wetlands.
Temperature and Cultivar Influence on Enzyme Activity and Composition of the Microbial Community in the Rhizosphere of Sweet Potato during Early Growth Stage
Authors: Mwazembe Devotha , Mortley D.G. , Shange R. , Ankumah R, O, , Idehen O. , Quansah J. , Fall S. , Mithra V. S. Santhosh
Published: February 2025

Aim: To determine the influence of temperature on sweet potato yield, soil enzyme activity and composition of the microbial community in the rhizosphere during early growth stage-65DAP.
Study Design: The study was conducted as a Completely Randomized Design with a 2x2 factorial treatment arrangement of two temperatures and two cultivars —and four replications in time.
Place and Duration of Study: George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee Alabama, between February to December 2022.
Methodology: Two sweet potato cultivars, Beauregard and Whatley/Loretan, were planted and exposed to high (32/26°C) and optimal (28/22°C) diurnal temperatures in a plant growth chamber. Standard cultural practices for irrigation and fertilizer application were followed. The plants were harvested 65 days after planting (65 DAP) and rhizosphere samples from both cultivars were collected. The microbial composition, including bacterial 16S rDNA and fungal ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer), was analyzed using a standard DNA-Based Quantitative Technique The extracellular enzymes, Acid Phosphatases (P-acid), β-Glucosidase (GLU), N-acetylglucosaminidase (β-NAG) and phosphodiesterase (DIEST) were analyzed using fluorometric microplate enzyme assays.
Results: Bacterial communities were dominated by phyla Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria, whereas fungi were dominated by the Ascomycota across the samples. Temperature significantly affected the abundance of some bacterial phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi) and all identified fungal phyla (Ascomycota, Mucoromycota, and Entomophthoromycota). Cultivars affected bacterial Phylum Gemmatimonadetes and fungi phyla Mucoromycetes and Ascomycota, with their higher relative abundances found in Whatley/Loretan than in Beauregard. There were significant interactions between temperature and cultivars for bacteria phyla Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes and Fungi Entomophthoromycota. Additionally, high temperatures influenced the activities of key soil enzymes—acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase—in the rhizosphere of sweet potato, irrespective of cultivars.
Conclusion: The bacterial and fungal populations and activities of key soil enzymes in the rhizosphere of Whatley/Loretan and Beauregard sweet potato cultivars were significantly impacted by high temperatures.