bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian Decision Theoretic Model of Sequential Experimentation with Delayed Response
Authors: Chick Stephen , Forster Martin , Pertile Paolo
Published: January 2017

We propose a Bayesian decision theoretic model of a fully sequential experiment in which the real-valued primary end point is observed with delay. The goal is to identify the sequential experiment which maximizes the expected benefits of technology adoption decisions, minus sampling costs. The solution yields a unified policy defining the optimal ‘do not experiment’–‘fixed sample size experiment’–‘sequential experiment’ regions and optimal stopping boundaries for sequential sampling, as a function of the prior mean benefit and the size of the delay. We apply the model to the field of medical statistics, using data from published clinical trials.
Non‐invasive assessment of muscle oxygenation may aid in optimising transfusion threshold decisions in ambulatory paediatric patients
Authors: Schenkman K. A. , Hawkins D. S. , Ciesielski W. A. , Delaney M. , Arakaki L. S. L.
Published: January 2017

Objective

To assess the potential utility of a novel non‐invasive muscle oxygen measurement to determine the presence of muscle hypoxia in patients with anaemia.

Background

Recent assessment of the risk/benefit ratio of blood transfusion has led to clinical strategies optimising transfusion decisions. These decisions are primarily based on haematocrit (Hct) but not oxygen delivery, the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs). We hypothesised that muscle oxygenation (MOx) would correlate with Hct in patients with anaemia and may be a physiologically relevant determinant of the transfusion threshold.

Methods/Materials

MOx was non‐invasively determined in children in the Cancer and Blood Disorders Center ambulatory clinic at Seattle Children's Hospital using a custom‐designed optical probe and spectrometer. MOx was compared with contemporaneous Hct. In subjects receiving RBCs, MOx and Hct were also determined following transfusion.

Results

MOx ranged from 36·7 to 100%, and Hct ranged from 17·0 to 38·6% in 27 measurements from 16 patients. High MOx values were associated with high Hct. Mean MOx for patients with normal Hct for age (n = 5) was 95·9 ± 2·9%. RBC transfusion increased mean Hct from 19·1 ± 1·5% to 29·3 ± 2·0 and mean MOx from 67·9 ± 21·1% to 89·9 ± 9·8%. Among six transfusion episodes (in five patients) with initial Hct < 22, only three had a pre‐transfusion MOx of <70%. Patients with the lowest pre‐transfusion MOx had the largest increase in MOx after transfusion.

Conclusions

These preliminary data suggest that MOx may aid in making transfusion decisions when used in combination with Hct.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Gibbs Nikki
Published: January 2017

Applied Economics and Finance [AEF] would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from August 1, 2015, to October 31, 2015. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Redfame Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period.       Aleksandar Vasilev Ali Massoud Eyup Dogan George Theocharides Getamesay Bekele Haitham Nobanee Ian McFarlane Igor Matyushenko, Jin Yong Yang Magdalena Zioło Mohammed Alkali Yusuf Oluchukwu Anowor Patrycja Kowalczyk-Rólczynska Ramona Orastean Steven V. Cates Szabolcs Blazsek Uwuigbe Uwalomwa Uwuigbe, Olubukunola Ranti Vilas Gaikar Y. SAIDI Yao Zheng         Nikki Gibbs Editorial Assistant On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and Finance Redfame Publishing 9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416 Beaverton, OR 97008, USA URL: http://aef.redfame.com
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: January 2017

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from September 15, 2013, to March 31, 2014. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Redfame Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period.Intakhab A. Khan Gerda Hagenauer Fátima Pereira Clara Vasconcelos Leann M Stadtlander Sawsen Lakhal Marieke van der Schaaf Jayaluxmi Naidoo Marcie Zaharee Hassan Shaaban Ardi Marwan Semiyu Adejare Aderibigbe Richard Penny Julie Ernst Begoña Montero-Fleta Carmen Pérez-Sabater Emilia Ugwu Barbara Hill Ofer Katchergin Rebecca Woodland Chris Prince Udochukwu Njoku Kelly Amanda Train Chris Haywood Greg Rickwood Jeyavel Sundaramoorthy Mu-hsuan Chou John Cowan Ugo Pace Virginia Clinton Charlotte Alverson Veronica Rosa Sandra Kaplan Alida Anderson Jasbir Singh
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: January 2017

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 11 Anne M. Hornak David A. Compton Donna Smith Elena Jerves Intakhab Khan John Cowan Lisa Marie Portugal Marieke van der Schaaf Nele Kampa Niveen M. Zayed Puneet S. Gill Suzan Kavanoz Vasiliki Brinia Wang Kin Chiu Yalçın Dilekli Yi Lu                       Robert Smith Editorial Assistant On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training Studies Redfame Publishing 9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416 Beaverton, OR 97008, USA URL: http://jets.redfame.com
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: January 2017

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 7 Ardi Marwan Betsy Diegel Chris Prince Udochukwu Njoku Elena Jerves Jiao Ji John Cowan Laima Kyburiene Leonor Thomson Lisa Marie Portugal Lorna Enerva Marcie Zaharee Mehmet Inan Min Gui Mustafa Çakır Richard Penny Vasiliki Brinia                 Robert Smith Editorial Assistant On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training Studies Redfame Publishing 9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416 Beaverton, OR 97008, USA URL: http://jets.redfame.com
Investigation of Perceptions regarding Teacher Leadership among Secondary School Teachers in Turkey
Authors: Gülbahar Bahadır
Published: January 2017

Leadership is one of the most important roles expected from teachers today. Teacher leadership is a significant factor in the commitment of schools to their missions to guide societies, to develop a school’s positive aspects and to manage education in an effective way. If this is the case, it is necessary to measure and evaluate the perceptions of teachers with regard to this important role. As yet there is limited amount of research in the literature concerning the determination of teachers’ perceptions regarding teacher leadership. As the basic purpose of the present study is to determine the leadership perceptions of secondary school teachers, it is considered that the study will contribute to the literature. This qualitative research was conducted using the screening model. The study was conducted on 376 secondary school teachers who were selected by means of the simple random sampling method from among 564 teachers who were working at secondary schools in Kırşehir Central County (Turkey) during the 2014-2015 academic year. The “Teacher Leadership Scale” (TLS) was used as the data collection tool. Although the teachers’ “institutional development” sub-dimension perception regarding teacher leadership was found to be at the middle level, this was assessed to be a lacking notation. Teachers’ perception of teacher leadership for the “institutional improvement” sub-dimension was determined to be at the medium level; perceptions concerning “professional development” and “collaboration among colleagues” sub-dimensions were determined to be at a high level. Teachers’ understanding of teacher leadership in terms of the “institutional improvement” sub-dimension exhibited a significant difference in male teachers. Teachers’ perception of teacher leadership in terms of the “professional improvement” sub-dimension exhibited a significant difference according to age and occupational seniority.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Johnson Patricia
Published: January 2017

Studies in Media and Communication (SMC) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from December 1, 2014, to May 31, 2015. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether SMC publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Redfame Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period.
Signaling by two-component system noncognate partners promotes intrinsic tolerance to polymyxin B in uropathogenic
Escherichia coli
Authors: Guckes Kirsten R. , Breland Erin J. , Zhang Ellisa W. , Hanks Sarah C. , Gill Navleen K. , Algood Holly M. S. , Schmitz Jonathan E. , Stratton Charles W. , Hadjifrangiskou Maria
Published: January 2017

A single stimulus triggers cross talk between two signaling systems that promotes antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic
Escherichia coli
.
Synergistic regulation of serotonin and opioid signaling contributes to pain insensitivity in Na
v
1.7 knockout mice
Authors: Isensee Jörg , Krahé Leonhardt , Moeller Katharina , Pereira Vanessa , Sexton Jane E. , Sun Xiaohui , Emery Edward , Wood John N. , Hucho Tim
Published: January 2017

The voltage-gated Na
+
channel Na
v
1.7 controls the balance of pain-promoting and pain-relieving receptor input.
Autocrine Wnt regulates the survival and genomic stability of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Augustin Iris , Dewi Dyah L. , Hundshammer Jennifer , Erdmann Gerrit , Kerr Grainne , Boutros Michael
Published: January 2017

Wnt signaling ensures proper chromosome segregation and genomic stability in proliferating embryonic stem cells.
Papers of note in
Science Translational Medicine
9
(371)
Authors: Ferrarelli Leslie K.
Published: January 2017

This week’s articles show that targeting the receptor PAR4 may be a safe antiplatelet agent and that a live cell–based therapy stimulates wound healing in leg ulcers.
Characterization of Engineered PreQ1 Riboswitches for Inducible Gene Regulation in Mycobacteria
Authors: Van Vlack Erik R. , Topp Shana , Seeliger Jessica C.
Published: January 2017

We report here the behavior of naturally occurring and rationally engineered preQ1 riboswitches and their application to inducible gene regulation in mycobacteria. Because mycobacteria lack preQ1 biosynthetic genes, we hypothesized that preQ1 could be used as an exogenous nonmetabolite ligand to control riboswitches in mycobacteria. Selected naturally occurring preQ1 riboswitches were assayed and successfully drove preQ1-dependent repression of a green fluorescent protein reporter in
Mycobacterium smegmatis
. Using structure-based design, we engineered three preQ1 riboswitches from
Thermoanaerobacter tencongensis
,
Bacillus subtilis
, and
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
toward achieving higher response ratios and increased repression. Assuming a steady-state model, variants of the
T. tencongensis
riboswitch most closely followed the predicted trends. Unexpectedly, the preQ1 dose response was best described by a model with a second, independent preQ1 binding site. This behavior was general to the preQ1 riboswitch family, since the wild type and rationally designed mutants of riboswitches from all three bacteria behaved analogously. Across all variants, the response ratios, which describe expression in the absence versus the presence of preQ1, ranged from <2 to ∼10, but repression in all cases was incomplete up to 1 mM preQ1. By reducing the transcript expression level, we obtained a preQ1 riboswitch variant appropriate for inducible knockdown applications. We further showed that the preQ1 response is reversible, is titratable, and can be used to control protein expression in mycobacteria within infected macrophages. By engineering naturally occurring preQ1 riboswitches, we have not only extended the tools available for inducible gene regulation in mycobacteria but also uncovered new behavior of these riboswitches.

IMPORTANCE
Riboswitches are elements found in noncoding regions of mRNA that regulate gene expression, typically in response to an endogenous metabolite. Riboswitches have emerged as important tools for inducible gene expression in diverse organisms. We noted that mycobacteria lack the biosynthesis genes for preQ1, a ligand for riboswitches from diverse bacteria. Predicting that preQ1 is not present in mycobacteria, we showed that it controls optimized riboswitches appropriate for gene knockdown applications. Further, the riboswitch response is subject to a second independent preQ1 binding event that has not been previously documented. By engineering naturally occurring riboswitches, we have uncovered a new behavior, with implications for riboswitch function in its native context, and extended the tools available for inducible gene regulation in mycobacteria.
ArtA-Dependent Processing of a Tat Substrate Containing a Conserved Tripartite Structure That Is Not Localized at the C Terminus
Authors: Abdul Halim Mohd Farid , Stoltzfus Jonathan D. , Schulze Stefan , Hippler Micheal , Pohlschroder Mechthild
Published: January 2017

Most prokaryote-secreted proteins are transported to the cell surface using either the general secretion (Sec) or twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway. A majority of secreted proteins are anchored to the cell surface, while the remainder are released into the extracellular environment. The anchored surface proteins play a variety of important roles in cellular processes, ranging from facilitating interactions between cells to maintaining cell stability. The extensively studied S-layer glycoprotein (SLG) of
Haloferax volcanii
, previously thought to be anchored via C-terminal intercalation into the membrane, was recently shown to be lipidated and to have its C-terminal segment removed in processes dependent upon archaeosortase A (ArtA), a recently discovered enzyme. While SLG is a Sec substrate,
in silico
analyses presented here reveal that, of eight additional ArtA substrates predicted, two substrates also contain predicted Tat signal peptides, including Hvo_0405, which has a highly conserved tripartite structure that lies closer to the center of the protein than to its C terminus, unlike other predicted ArtA substrates identified to date. We demonstrate that, even given its atypical location, this tripartite structure, which likely resulted from the fusion of genes encoding an ArtA substrate and a cytoplasmic protein, is processed in an ArtA-dependent manner. Using an Hvo_0405 mutant lacking the conserved “twin” arginines of the predicted Tat signal peptide, we show that Hvo_0405 is indeed a Tat substrate and that ArtA substrates include both Sec and Tat substrates. Finally, we confirmed the Tat-dependent localization and signal peptidase I (SPase I) cleavage site of Hvo_0405 using mass spectrometry.

IMPORTANCE
The specific mechanisms that facilitate protein anchoring to the archaeal cell surface remain poorly understood. Here, we have shown that the proteins bound to the cell surface of the model archaeon
H. volcanii
, through a recently discovered novel ArtA-dependent anchoring mechanism, are more structurally diverse than was previously known. Specifically, our results demonstrate that both Tat and Sec substrates, which contain the conserved tripartite structure of predicted ArtA substrates, can be processed in an ArtA-dependent manner and that the tripartite structure need not lie near the C terminus for this processing to occur. These data improve our understanding of archaeal cell biology and are invaluable for
in silico
subcellular localization predictions of archaeal and bacterial proteins.
A rapid lake-shallowing event terminated preservation of the Miocene Clarkia Fossil Konservat-Lagerstätte (Idaho, USA)
Authors: Wang Huanye , Leng Qin , Liu Weiguo , Yang Hong
Published: January 2017

The world-renowned middle Miocene Clarkia lacustrine deposits (15.4–16.0 Ma) in northern Idaho, United States, known as Fossil Lagerstätten, yield extraordinary fossils that preserve in situ ancient biomolecules and organic biomarkers. The sudden formation of the Clarkia Lake basin by means of the Columbia River Basalt damming the proto–St. Maries River is well documented, but less is known about the tempo and mode of the lake environmental succession which impacted on the preservation of these Fossil Lagerstätten. Here, we present evidence for a previously unrecognized, geologically instantaneous drop in the Clarkia Lake water level, using tetraether-based water-depth proxies from a continuous sedimentary sequence at the classic P-33 site. Terrestrial hydrological conditions inferred from compound-specific hydrogen isotope compositions (δD) and tetraether-derived temperature estimates from the same sequence show that the rapid shallowing by >10 m was independent of regional climatic changes. We hypothesize that a volcanic-related geological event was primarily responsible for the rapid reduction of Clarkia Lake water depth—an event that played a decisive role in switching depositional conditions for Clarkia Fossil Lagerstätten from a conservation deposit to a concentration deposit.
Accelerating slip rates on the Puente Hills blind thrust fault system beneath metropolitan Los Angeles, California, USA
Authors: Bergen Kristian J. , Shaw John H. , Leon Lorraine A. , Dolan James F. , Pratt Thomas L. , Ponti Daniel J. , Morrow Eric , Barrera Wendy , Rhodes Edward J. , Murari Madhav K. , Owen Lewis A.
Published: January 2017

Slip rates represent the average displacement across a fault over time and are essential to estimating earthquake recurrence for probabilistic seismic hazard assessments. We demonstrate that the slip rate on the western segment of the Puente Hills blind thrust fault system, which is beneath downtown Los Angeles, California (USA), has accelerated from ∼0.22 mm/yr in the late Pleistocene to ∼1.33 mm/yr in the Holocene. Our analysis is based on syntectonic strata derived from the Los Angeles River, which has continuously buried a fold scarp above the blind thrust. Slip on the fault beneath our field site began during the late-middle Pleistocene and progressively increased into the Holocene. This increase in rate implies that the magnitudes and/or the frequency of earthquakes on this fault segment have increased over time. This challenges the characteristic earthquake model and presents an evolving and potentially increasing seismic hazard to metropolitan Los Angeles.
Forecasting transitions in monogenetic eruptions using the geologic record
Authors: Kereszturi Gábor , Bebbington Mark , Németh Károly
Published: January 2017

Spatial forecasting of volcanism and associated hazards in intraplate monogenetic volcanic fields is subject to large uncertainties in both data and models. We demonstrate a novel logistic regression method for mapping phreatomagmatic-magmatic eruption transition susceptibility using near-surface hydrologic, topographic, and geologic data. The method is illustrated on the Auckland volcanic field, the location of New Zealand’s largest city, Auckland. Environmental factors examined for possible influence included the thickness of water-saturated and porous sediments, substrate type and geology, vent elevation, and distance from the nearest fault. By comparing these factors with the volumes and styles of past eruption sequences, a location-specific eruption sequence forecasting model was constructed, recognizing that larger and/or longer eruptions are more likely to exhaust vent-area sources of water. Estimating volcanic hazard susceptibility in this way allows more effective planning and improved preeruption preparedness between eruptions and during future volcanic crises.
Delayed diagnosis of fractured anterior arch of the atlas in a young child
Authors: Sesia Sergio B , Prüfer Friederike , Walther Michael , Studer Daniel
Published: January 2017

A 2-year-old girl fell off a bunk bed onto a parquet floor. She immediately reported neck pain and presented with muscle spasm and limited motion of the cervical spine (C-spine). Plain X-rays of the C-spine showed no osseous lesion. Owing to persisting pain and limited motion in the neck, MRI of the C-spine was obtained which revealed intact ligaments and cervical spinal cord, as well as soft tissue swelling in front of the anterior arch of the atlas. Subsequent CT of the C-spine confirmed a complete, undisplaced fracture of the anterior arch of the atlas (Gehweiler type I fracture). A Minerva cast was applied for 2 months, followed by a soft cervical collar. Persistent neck pain and limited range of motion of the neck after a fall may be indicative of atlas fracture that should be ruled out by CT.
Pancreatic lymphoma complicating early stage chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Bhagat Vicky H , Sepe Thomas
Published: January 2017

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has also been associated with many extrahepatic manifestations including the development of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Primary pancreatic lymphoma is very rare and comprises 2.2% of NHL and 4.9% of all pancreatic malignancies. Our patient was a woman with a history of infection with HCV found to have a mass in the head of the pancreas. Biopsy of the mass revealed a high-grade B-cell lymphoma consistent with Burkitt's lymphoma. Our case reflects a need to initiate antiviral therapy for all patients infected with HCV even in early stages of fibrosis to prevent cirrhosis and other extrahepatic manifestations of infection with HCV.
Recurrent angioedema associated with pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV
Authors: Hermanrud Thorbjørn , Bygum Anette , Rasmussen Eva Rye
Published: January 2017

Angioedema (AE) of the upper airways is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition. The incidence has been increasing in the past two decades, primarily due to increased use of medications inhibiting the degradation of vasoactive peptides. Acquired angioedema related to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI-AAE) is well known, but other pharmaceutical agents also affect the degradation of bradykinin and substance P. We present a middle-aged man with recurrent episodes of severe AE of the oral cavity, hypopharynx and larynx due to pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV.
Clinical disease presentation and ECG characteristics ofLMNAmutation carriers
Authors: Ollila Laura , Nikus Kjell , Holmström Miia , Jalanko Mikko , Jurkko Raija , Kaartinen Maija , Koskenvuo Juha , Kuusisto Johanna , Kärkkäinen Satu , Palojoki Eeva , Reissell Eeva , Piirilä Päivi , Heliö Tiina
Published: January 2017

Objective

Mutations in theLMNAgene encoding lamins A and C of the nuclear lamina are a frequent cause of cardiomyopathy accounting for 5–8% of familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Our aim was to study disease onset, presentation and progression amongLMNAmutation carriers.

Methods

Clinical follow-up data from 27LMNAmutation carriers and 78 patients with idiopathic DCM without anLMNAmutation were collected. In addition, ECG data were collected and analysed systematically from 20 healthy controls.

Results

Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no difference in event-free survival (death, heart transplant, resuscitation and appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy included as events) betweenLMNAmutation carriers and DCM controls (p=0.5).LMNAmutation carriers presented with atrial fibrillation at a younger age than the DCM controls (47 vs 57 years, p=0.003). MaleLMNAmutation carriers presented with clinical manifestations roughly a decade earlier than females. In close follow-up non-sustained ventricular tachycardia was detected in 78% ofLMNAmutation carriers. ECG signs of septal remodelling were present in 81% of theLMNAmutation carriers, 21% of the DCM controls and none of the healthy controls giving a high sensitivity and specificity for the standard ECG in distinguishingLMNAmutation carriers from patients with DCM and healthy controls.

Conclusions

MaleLMNAmutation carriers present clinical manifestations at a younger age than females. ECG septal remodelling appears to distinguishLMNAmutation carriers from healthy controls and patients with DCM withoutLMNAmutations.
Does cardiac rehabilitation meet minimum standards: an observational study using UK national audit?
Authors: Doherty Patrick , Salman Ahmad , Furze Gill , Dalal Hasnain M , Harrison Alexander
Published: January 2017

Objective

To assess the extent by which programmes meet national minimum standards for the delivery of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as part of the National Certification Programme for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation (NCP_CR).

Methods

The analysis used UK National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation (NACR) data extracted and validated for the period 2013–2014 set against six NCP_CR measures deemed as important for the delivery of high-quality CR programmes. Each programme that achieved a single minimum standard was given a score of 1. The range of the scoring for meeting the minimum standards is between 1 and 6. The performance of CR programmes was categorised into three groups: high (score of 5–6), middle (scores of 3–4) and low (scores of 1–2). If a programme did not meet any of the six criteria, they were considered to have failed.

Results

Data from 170 CR programmes revealed statistically significant differences among UK CR programmes. The principal findings were that, based on NCP_CR criteria, 30.6% were assessed as high performance with 45.9% as mid-level performance programmes, 18.2% were in the lower-level and 5.3% failed to meet any of the minimum criteria.

Conclusions

This study shows that high levels of performance is achievable in the era of modern cardiology and that many CR programmes are close to meeting high performance standards. However, substantial variation, below the recommended minimum standards, exists throughout the UK. National certification should be seen as a positive step to ensure that patients, irrespective of where they live, are accessing quality services.
Free-sugar, total-sugar, fibre, and micronutrient intake within elite youth British soccer players: a nutritional transition from schoolboy to fulltime soccer player
Authors: Naughton Robert J. , Drust Barry , O’Boyle Andy , Abayomi Julie , Mahon Elizabeth , Morton James P. , Davies Ian G.
Published: January 2017

It is recommended that soccer players consume a high carbohydrate diet to augment performance. However, growing evidence suggests that there is a link between high free-sugar (FS) intake (>5% total energy intake; TEI) and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, foods that are often high in sugar, such as processed foods, are typically lacking in nutrient quality. We therefore analysed total-sugar, FS, dietary fibre, and micronutrient intake of players from an English Premier League academy under (U) 18 (n = 13), U15/16 (n = 25), and U13/14 (n = 21) using a 7-day food diary. Data were compared with current United Kingdom (UK) dietary reference value (DRV) for FS via a t test. The U13/14s (10% ± 18%) and U15/16s (11% ± 30%) both consumed higher amounts of FS in comparison with the UK DRV of 5% TEI (P < 0.01); conversely, the U18s did not exceed the DRV (5% ± 13%). Furthermore, FS intake of the U18s was significantly lower than the U13/14s and U15/16s (P < 0.01). Dietary fibre was below the DRV (25 g/day for U13/14 and U15/16s; 30 g/day for U18s) for all squads (19.0 ± 4.7, 19.6 ± 8.3, 17.1 ± 4.2 g/day, respectively), but not different between squads. Additionally, micronutrient reference intakes were generally met. In conclusion, we provide novel data on dietary sugar, fibre, and micronutrient intake within elite youth soccer players. We report an apparent “nutritional transition” from schoolboy to fulltime soccer player, with U18s showing a significantly lower intake of sugar in comparison with younger squads, and a similar intake of FS to the UK DRVs. Practitioners should target improving player education around sugar and fibre consumption.
Use of substitute Nonidet P-40 nonionic detergents in intracellular tubulin polymerization assays for screening of microtubule targeting agents
Authors: Sinha S. , Field J.J. , Miller J.H.
Published: January 2017

Shell Chemical Company Nonidet P-40 has been used for decades in many biochemical assays as a nonionic, nondenaturing detergent; however, Shell no longer manufactures this product. Four commercially available substitutes were investigated and their activities titrated in an intracellular tubulin polymerization assay. Although claimed by the supply companies to be identical to the Shell Nonidet P-40, all four substitutes were about 10-fold more potent and needed to be diluted accordingly. As microtubule targeting drugs are a major class of anticancer agent, and many researchers use the intracellular tubulin polymerization assay, this information is important to help troubleshoot assay development with the new substitutes. As the Shell Nonidet P-40 has been used in many biochemical buffers, these results will be of general interest to the biochemical, cell, and molecular research community.
Local bond stress-slip model for reinforced concrete joints and anchorages with moderate confinement
Authors: Guizani Lotfi , Chaallal Omar , Mousavi Seyed Sina
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a summary of an experimental investigation and the derivation of a bond-slip model for reinforcing steel embedded in moderately confined concrete under monotonic and cyclic loadings. Moderately confined concrete encompasses the domain between unconfined and well-confined concrete, the limits of which are defined in the paper. The proposed constitutive law adapts and extends the well-known Eligehausen-Filippou model for well-confined concrete to moderately confined concrete. It is described by an envelope curve and degradation rules. The former is obtained through a confinement index, defined in this study as a function of the amount of confining steel and concrete, distance between confining steel and the rebar, and concrete segregation effect. It is proposed to adopt the same degradation rules used for well-confined concrete. These rules are validated through statistical tests for moderately confined concrete. They are found to predict correctly the main features of reduced envelope response under increasing cycling amplitudes but to underestimate response degradation under constant cycling limits for the subsequent cycles to the first cycle. To demonstrate the validity and limitations of the proposed model, its predictions under monotonic loading are compared with experimental results and analytical predictions from other studies.
Impacts of eutrophication and oil spills on the Gulf of Finland herring stock
Authors: Rahikainen Mika , Hoviniemi Kirsi-Maaria , Mäntyniemi Samu , Vanhatalo Jarno , Helle Inari , Lehtiniemi Maiju , Pönni Jukka , Kuikka Sakari
Published: January 2017

The Baltic Sea is one of the world’s most stressed sea areas. Major threats to the ecosystem include eutrophication and oil spills. The progression of anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is lengthy and gradual, while oil spills cause rapid changes in the system, with varying impact time. We quantify the impact of eutrophication and the key ecological covariates on the population dynamics of the major pelagic fish stock, the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras), in the Gulf of Finland. The full life cycle of herring is represented with a probabilistic state-space model. Moreover, we analyse the impact of the oil spill from M/T Antonio Gramsci in 1987 on herring survival. The results confirm impact of the spill on the early life-stage survival; the observed high frequency of malformed herring larvae in surveys signaled elevated mortality of the year class. The optimal July–August chlorophyll a concentration for herring reproduction is approximately 5 μg·L−1. This level is currently exceeded, suggesting recruitment impairment due to eutrophication. The herring stock was also recruitment-overfished. Analysis suggests deceleration of herring growth as salinity descends below 6 psu.
Rapid body color brightening is associated with exposure to a stressor in anAnolislizard
Authors: Boyer Jane F.F. , Swierk Lindsey
Published: January 2017

Many species use color change to optimize body coloration to changing environmental conditions, and drivers of rapid color change in natural populations are numerous and poorly understood. We examined factors influencing body coloration in the Water Anole (Anolis aquaticus Taylor, 1956), a lizard possessing color-changing stripes along the length of its body. We quantified the color of three body regions (the eye stripe, lateral stripe, and dorsum) before and after exposure to a mild stressor (handling and restraint). Based on current understanding of the genus Anolis Daudin, 1802, we hypothesized that exposure to a stressor would generate genus-typical skin darkening (i.e., increased melanism). Contrary to expectations, stress consistently brightened body coloration: eye and lateral stripes transitioned from brown to pale blue and green and the dorsum became lighter brown. Sex, size, and body temperature did not correlate with any aspect of body coloration, and a laboratory experiment confirmed that light exposure did not drive brightening. We propose that color change may serve to reduce conspicuousness through disruptive camouflage; lizards tended to display brighter stripes on mottled green–brown substrates. Together, these results improve our understanding of Anolis color change diversity and emphasize the need for a broader interpretation of the mechanism and functions of color change across taxa.
Wannier functions and ℤ2 invariants in time-reversal symmetric topological insulators
Authors: Cornean Horia D. , Monaco Domenico , Teufel Stefan
Published: January 2017

We provide a constructive proof of exponentially localized Wannier functions and related Bloch frames in 1- and 2-dimensional time-reversal symmetric (TRS) topological insulators. The construction is formulated in terms of periodic TRS families of projectors (corresponding, in applications, to the eigenprojectors on an arbitrary number of relevant energy bands), and is thus model-independent. The possibility to enforce also a TRS constraint on the frame is investigated. This leads to a topological obstruction in dimension 2, related to [Formula: see text] topological phases.

We review several proposals for [Formula: see text] indices that distinguish these topological phases, including the ones by Fu–Kane [16], Prodan [33], Graf–Porta [24] and Fiorenza–Monaco–Panati [27]. We show that all these formulations are equivalent. In particular, this allows to prove a geometric formula for the [Formula: see text] invariant of 2-dimensional TRS topological insulators, originally indicated in [16], which expresses it in terms of the Berry connection and the Berry curvature.
Finite irreducible representations of map Lie conformal algebras
Authors: Wu Henan
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we study the finite representation theory of the map Lie conformal algebra [Formula: see text], where G is a finite simple Lie conformal algebra and A is a commutative associative algebra with unity over [Formula: see text]. In particular, we give a complete classification of nontrivial finite irreducible conformal modules of [Formula: see text] provided A is finite-dimensional.
Maximally Frobenius-destabilized vector bundles over smooth algebraic curves
Authors: Zhao Yifei
Published: January 2017

Vector bundles in positive characteristics have a tendency to be destabilized after pulling back by the Frobenius morphism. In this paper, we closely examine vector bundles over curves that are, in an appropriate sense, maximally destabilized by the Frobenius morphism. Then we prove that such bundles of rank 2 exist over any curve in characteristic 3, and are unique up to twisting by a line bundle. We also give an application of such bundles to the study of ample vector bundles, which is valid in all characteristics.
Stability of Riemannian manifolds with Killing spinors
Authors: Wang Changliang
Published: January 2017

Riemannian manifolds with nonzero Killing spinors are Einstein manifolds. Kröncke proved that all complete Riemannian manifolds with imaginary Killing spinors are (linearly) strictly stable in [Stable and unstable Einstein warped products, preprint (2015), arXiv:1507.01782v1 ]. In this paper, we obtain a new proof for this stability result by using a Bochner-type formula in [X. Dai, X. Wang and G. Wei, On the stability of Riemannian manifold with parallel spinors, Invent. Math. 161(1) (2005) 151–176; M. Wang, Preserving parallel spinors under metric deformations, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 40 (1991) 815–844]. Moreover, existence of real Killing spinors is closely related to the Sasaki–Einstein structure. A regular Sasaki–Einstein manifold is essentially the total space of a certain principal [Formula: see text]-bundle over a Kähler–Einstein manifold. We prove that if the base space is a product of two Kähler–Einstein manifolds then the regular Sasaki–Einstein manifold is unstable. This provides us many new examples of unstable manifolds with real Killing spinors.
An improved car-following model from the perspective of driver’s forecast behavior
Authors: Liu Da-Wei , Shi Zhong-Ke , Ai Wen-Huan
Published: January 2017

In this paper, a new car-following model considering effect of the driver’s forecast behavior is proposed based on the full velocity difference model (FVDM). Using the new model, we investigate the starting process of the vehicle motion under a traffic signal and find that the delay time of vehicle motion is reduced. Then the stability condition of the new model is derived and the modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation is constructed to describe the traffic behavior near the critical point. Numerical simulation is compatible with the analysis of theory such as density wave, hysteresis loop, which shows that the new model is reasonable. The results show that considering the effect of driver’s forecast behavior can help to enhance the stability of traffic flow.
Homogeneous near-perfect invisible ground and free space cloak
Authors: Fazeli Mohamad , Sedighy Seyyed Hassan , Hassani Hamid Reza
Published: January 2017

A general approach to design near perfect invisible ground and free space cloaks is introduced in this paper. The proposed method which is based on the optical transformation theory, leads to homogeneous constitutive parameters for the cloaks without any singularities. Moreover, the single-step mapping process with linear relations achieves an uncomplicated designing process. Invisibility performance obtained by using this approach does not depend on the incident wave direction, also. The simplicity and design flexibility of the introduced approach with the homogeneity of extracted parameters greatly facilitate the design and fabrication processes of the both proposed ground and free space invisible cloaks. The numerical simulations prove the capability and universality of the proposed design approach.
Relativistic energy-dispersion relations of 2D rectangular lattices
Authors: Ata Engin , Demirhan Doğan , Büyükkılıç Fevzi
Published: January 2017

An exactly solvable relativistic approach based on inseparable periodic well potentials is developed to obtain energy-dispersion relations of spin states of a single-electron in two-dimensional (2D) rectangular lattices. Commutation of axes transfer matrices is exploited to find energy dependencies of the wave vector components. From the trace of the lattice transfer matrix, energy-dispersion relations of conductance and valence states are obtained in transcendental form. Graphical solutions of relativistic and nonrelativistic transcendental energy-dispersion relations are plotted to compare how lattice parameters [Formula: see text], core and interstitial size of the rectangular lattice affects to the energy-band structures in a situation core and interstitial diagonals are of equal slope.
Extended Mapping Local Binary Pattern Operator for Texture Classification
Authors: Shakoor Mohammad Hossein , Boostani Reza
Published: January 2017

In this paper, an Extended Mapping Local Binary Pattern (EMLBP) method is proposed that is used for texture feature extraction. In this method, by extending nonuniform patterns a new mapping technique is suggested that extracts more discriminative features from textures. This new mapping is tested for some LBP operators such as CLBP, LBP, and LTP to improve the classification rate of them. The proposed approach is used for coding nonuniform patterns into more than one feature. The proposed method is rotation invariant and has all the positive points of previous approaches. By concatenating and joining two or more histograms significant improvement can be made for rotation invariant texture classification. The implementation of proposed mapping on Outex, UIUC and CUReT datasets shows that proposed method can improve the rate of classifications. Furthermore, the introduced mapping can increase the performance of any rotation invariant LBP, especially for large neighborhood. The most accurate result of the proposed technique has been obtained for CLBP. It is higher than that of some state-of-the-art LBP versions such as multiresolution CLBP and CLBC, DLBP, VZ_MR8, VZ_Joint, LTP, and LBPV.
Ranking Tensor Subspaces in Weighted Multilinear Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Filisbino Tiene A. , Giraldi Gilson A. , Thomaz Carlos
Published: January 2017

Multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA) has been applied for tensor decomposition and dimensionality reduction in image databases modeled through higher order tensors. Despite the well-known attractive properties of MPCA, the traditional approach does not incorporate prior information in order to steer its subspace computation. In this paper, we propose a method to explicitly incorporate such semantics in the MPCA framework to allow an automatic selective treatment of the variables that compose the patterns of interest. The method relies on spatial weights calculated, in this work, by separating hyperplanes and Fisher criterion. In this way, we can perform feature extraction and dimensionality reduction taking advantage of high level information in the form of labeled data. Besides, the corresponding tensor components are ranked in order to identify the principal weighted tensor subspaces for classification tasks. In the computational results we consider gender and facial expression experiments to illustrate the capabilities of the method for dimensionality reduction, classification and reconstruction of face images.
Off-Line Signature Verification Based on Multi-Scale Local Structural Pattern
Authors: Wen Jing , Fang Bin , Zhang Liang , Zhu Yu
Published: January 2017

The paper proposes a theoretically very simple, and effective multi-scale local structural patterns (MS-LSP) for off-line signature verification. The proposed strategy models the signature by probabilistically counting the distribution of each local structural pattern on multiple scales. This representation correlates with the writing style of an individual and depict the shape and structural information of signatures. Extensive experiments on two challenging databases (MCYT, GPDS960) show that the proposed approach achieves noticeably verification rates and it is expected to provide a powerful discriminative representation of the signature.
A One-Sample per Individual Face Recognition Algorithm Based on Multiple One-Dimensional Projection Lines
Authors: Delgado-Gómez David , Ruiz-Hernández Diego
Published: January 2017

This paper proposes a novel approach for face recognition when only one sample per individual is available. The proposed technique, referred to as MODPL, determines a one-dimensional projection line for each individual in the dataset. Each of these lines discriminates the corresponding individual with respect to the other people in the database. The vector consisting on the projections of the individual’s raw data on the different projections lines provides an excellent characterization of the individual. Results obtained using the XM2VTS database show that the proposed technique is capable of achieving classification rates similar to the ones obtained by means of the Uniform-pursuit algorithm and at least 5% higher than other currently used techniques that deal with the one sample problem. Two additional sets of experiments were conducted on the BioID and AR databases, where the proposed algorithm showed a performance similar to the state-of-the-art algorithms. Moreover, the proposed technique allows the visualization of the most discriminative features of the individuals.
Automatic Combination Technology of Fuzzy CPN for OWL-S Web Services in Supercomputing Cloud Platform
Authors: Deng Ziyun , Zhang Jing , He Tingqin
Published: January 2017

Supercomputing Cloud Platform (SCP) provides a simple online Web way for computer aided engineering (CAE) simulation on supercomputer “Tianhe No.1.” We develop SCP prototype by using service-oriented architecture (SOA). Fuzzy colored Petri nets (FCPN) is selected as the automatic combination technology for the Ontology Web Language for Services (OWL-S) in our SCP. To build the dependency relation graphs among Web services in our SCP, we put forward some definitions of semantic threshold similarity for Web services. Based on these definitions, we propose a generation algorithm to build the FCPN dependency relation graph based on semantic similarity of Web services, and analyze an example about this algorithm. Also, we design an algorithm to simplify the FCPN dependency relation graph for fast responding the user’s requirements. The research works of this paper (SCP prototype) have been applied in real world, and we show the engineering design and application at the end. We will further research the service verification, transaction model and exception recovery mechanism in the future.