bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adipose development is consistent across hunter–gatherers and diverges from western references
Authors: Hackman Joseph V. , Campbell Benjamin C. , Hewlett Barry , Page Abigail E. , Kramer Karen L.
Published: August 2024

Despite agreement that humans have evolved to be unusually fat primates, adipose patterning among hunter–gatherers has received little empirical consideration. Here we consider the development of adiposity among four contemporary groups of hunter–gatherers, the Aka, Savanna Pumé, Ju’/Hoansi and Agta using multi-level generalized additive mixed modelling to characterize the growth of tricep skinfolds from early childhood through adolescence. In contrast to references, hunter–gatherers show several consistent patterns: (i) children are lean with little fat accumulation; (ii) no adiposity rebound at 5 years is evident; (iii) girls on average have built 90% of their body size, and reach menarche when adiposity is at its maximum velocity; and (iv) a metabolic trade-off is evident in young, but not older children, such that both boys and girls prioritize skeletal growth during middle childhood, a trade-off that diminishes during adolescence when height velocity increases in pace with fat accumulation. Consistent results across hunter–gatherers living in diverse environments suggest that these patterns reflect a general forager pattern of development. The findings provide a valuable baseline for adipose development not apparent from reference populations. We emphasize both generalized trends among hunter–gatherers, and that inter-populational differences point to the plasticity with which humans organize growth and development.
Ancient DNA sheds light on the funerary practices of late Neolithic collective burial in southern France
Authors: Arzelier Ana , De Belvalet Harmony , Pemonge Marie-Hélène , Garberi Pauline , Binder Didier , Duday Henri , Deguilloux Marie-France , Pruvost Mélanie
Published: August 2024

The Aven de la Boucle (Corconne, Gard, southern France) is a karst shaft used as a collective burial between 3600 and 2800 cal BCE. The site encompasses the skeletal remains of approximately 75 individuals comprising a large majority of adult individuals, represented by scattered and commingled remains. To date, few studies have explored the potential of ancient DNA to tackle the documentation of Neolithic collective burials, and the funerary selection rules within such structures remain largely debated. In this study, we combine genomic analysis of 37 individuals with archaeo-anthropological data and Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon dates. Through this multidisciplinary approach, we aim to characterize the identity of the deceased and their relationships, as well as untangle the genetic diversity and funerary dynamics of this community. Genomic results identify 76% of male Neolithic individuals, suggesting a marked sex-biased selection. Available data emphasize the importance of biological relatedness and a male-mediated transmission of social status, as the affiliation to a specific male-lineage appears as a preponderant selection factor. The genomic results argue in favour of ‘continuous’ deposits between 3600 and 2800 BCE, carried out by the same community, despite cultural changes reflected by the ceramic material.
Multiple differential electron spectra from detachment in collisions of 30–300-keV anions with atoms and molecules
Authors: Schulz M. , Herrmann F. , Zhang W. , Chicharro D. V. , Dorn A. , Grieser M. , Grussie F. , Kreckel H. , Novotny O. , Trost F. , Wolf A. , Pfeifer T. , Schröter C. D. , Moshammer R.
Published: August 2024

We have measured triple differential momentum distributions for electron detachment in collisions of 30- and 300-keV anions (C− and Si−) with atoms and molecules (He, Ar, and N2). The entire angular range of the ejected electrons was covered. The binary encounter ring, well known from positive ion-atom collisions, was observed in most cases. In a quasifree-electron scattering model this structure represents elastic scattering of the active electron from the target. However, especially for the slowest projectiles, this model fails to reproduce the angular distributions. In this regime it is probably necessary to use quasimolecular models to describe the collision. Indications for a projectile cusp are observed, implying that excitation-induced dipole moments in the ion projectile may be important.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Comment on “Asymptotic quantum algorithm for the Toeplitz systems”
Authors: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Jesús , Sunsundegi Bruno , Zárraga-Rodríguez Marta , Insausti Xabier
Published: August 2024

In their recent paper [], Wan proposed a quantum algorithm to solve systems of linear equations Ax=b, where A is an n×n Toeplitz matrix generated by the Fourier coefficients of a continuous, 2π-periodic, and positive function f. For large enough n, they claimed that the algorithm is valid for all b. In this Comment we prove that, in general, this is not true.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Diffuse scattering from dynamically compressed single-crystal zirconium following the pressure-induced
α→ω
phase transition
Authors: Heighway P. G. , Singh S. , Gorman M. G. , McGonegle D. , Eggert J. H. , Smith R. F.
Published: August 2024

The prototypical α→ω phase transition in zirconium is an ideal test bed for our understanding of polymorphism under extreme loading conditions. After half a century of study, a consensus had emerged that the transition is realized via one of two distinct displacive mechanisms, depending on the nature of the compression path. However, recent dynamic-compression experiments equipped with diffraction diagnostics performed in the past few years have revealed new transition mechanisms, demonstrating that our understanding of the underlying atomistic dynamics and transition kinetics is in fact far from complete. We present classical molecular dynamics simulations of the α→ω phase transition in single-crystal zirconium shock compressed along the [0001] axis using a machine-learning-class potential. The transition is predicted to proceed primarily via a modified version of the two-stage Usikov-Zilberstein mechanism, whereby the high-pressure ω phase heterogeneously nucleates at boundaries between grains of an intermediate β phase. We further observe the fomentation of atomistic disorder at the junctions between β grains, leading to the formation of highly defective interstitial material between the ω grains. We directly compare synthetic x-ray diffraction patterns generated from our simulations with those obtained using femtosecond diffraction in recent dynamic-compression experiments, and show that the simulations produce the same unique, anisotropic diffuse scattering signal unlike any previously seen from an elemental metal. Our simulations suggest that the diffuse signal arises from a combination of thermal diffuse scattering, nanoparticlelike scattering from residual kinetically stabilized α and β grains, and scattering from interstitial defective structures.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Anisotropic magnetic and quadrupolar
H−T
phase diagram of
CeRh2As2
Authors: Schmidt Burkhard , Thalmeier Peter
Published: August 2024

The tetragonal heavy-fermion compound CeRh2As2 has intriguing low-temperature symmetry-breaking phases whose nature is unclear. The unconventional superconducting phase is complemented by other normal-state phases which presumably involve ordering of 4f electron multipoles supported by the Kramers doublets split by the tetragonal crystal electric field (CEF). The most striking aspect is the pronounced anisotropic H−T phase boundary for in-plane and out-of plane field directions. Using a localized 4f CEF model we demonstrate that its essential features can be understood as the result of competing low-field easy-plane magnetic order and field-induced quadrupolar order of xy type. We present calculations based on coupled multipole random phase approximation response function approach as well as molecular field treatment in the ordered regime. We use an analytical approach for a reduced quasiquartet model and numerical calculations for the complete CEF level scheme. We discuss the quantum critical properties as function of multipolar control parameters and explain the origin of a pronounced ac anisotropy of the H−T phase diagram. Finally, the field and temperature evolution of multipolar order parameters is derived and the high-field phase diagram is predicted.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Photoproduction of
γp→f0(980)p
in an effective Lagrangian approach
Authors: Wei Neng-Chang , Wang Ai-Chao , Huang Fei
Published: August 2024

The most recent data on differential cross sections and photon beam asymmetries Σ from the LEPS2/BGOegg Collaboration for the γp→f0(980)p reaction are analyzed within a tree-level effective Lagrangian approach. The t-channel ρ and ω exchanges, the u- and s-channel N exchanges, the interaction current, and the possible s-channel N* exchanges are taken into account in constructing the reaction amplitudes to reproduce the data. The results show that the contributions from either the N(2040)3/2+ or the N(2100)1/2+ resonance exchange in the s channel are necessarily required to describe the LEPS2/BGOegg data and they dominate the differential cross sections of γp→f0(980)p. Further analysis shows that the contributions from the

t

-channel ρ and ω exchanges and the interaction current are rather small to both differential cross sections and photo beam asymmetries, and the contributions from u-channel N exchange are considerable in the case of including N(2040)3/2+ in the model while negligible in the case of including N(2100)1/2+ in the model. Predictions of target asymmetries T for γp→f0(980)p are given, which can be examined by future experiments.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Dissipative dark cosmology: From early matter dominance to delayed compact objects
Authors: Bramante Joseph , Cappiello Christopher V. , Diamond Melissa , Kim J. Leo , Liu Qinrui , Vincent Aaron C.
Published: August 2024

We demonstrate a novel mechanism for producing dark compact objects and black holes through a dark sector, where all the dark matter can be dissipative. Heavy dark sector particles with masses above 104  GeV can come to dominate the Universe and yield an early matter-dominated era before big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). Density perturbations in this epoch can grow and collapse into tiny dark matter halos, which cool via self-interactions. The typical halo size is set by the Hubble length once perturbations begin growing, offering a straightforward prediction of the halo size and evolution depending on one’s choice of dark matter model. Once these primordial halos have formed, a thermal phase transition can then shift the Universe back into radiation domination and standard cosmology. These halos can continue to collapse after BBN, resulting in the late-time formation of fragmented dark compact objects and sub-solar-mass primordial black holes. We find that these compact objects can constitute a sizable fraction of all of dark matter. The resulting fragments can have masses between 1020 and 1032  g, with radii ranging from 10−2 to 105  m, while the black holes can have masses between 108 and 1034  g. Furthermore, a unique feature of this model is the late-time formation of black holes which can evaporate today. We compare where these objects lie with respect to current primordial black hole and massive (astrophysical) compact halo object constraints.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Vacuum energy in the effective field theory of general relativity with a scalar field
Authors: Epelbaum E. , Gegelia J. , Meißner Ulf-G. , Neuhaus L.
Published: August 2024

A consistency condition of general relativity as an effective field theory in Minkowskian background uniquely fixes the value of the cosmological constant. In two-loop calculations, including the interaction of gravitons with matter fields, it has been shown that this value of the cosmological constant leads to vanishing vacuum energy, under the assumption that the energy-momentum tensor of the gravitational field is given by the pseudotensor of Landau-Lifshitz’s classic textbook. Here, we demonstrate that this result also holds when the self-interaction of a scalar field is taken into account. That is, our two-loop-order calculation suggests that, in an effective field theory of metric and scalar fields, one arrives at a consistent theory with massless gravitons if the cosmological constant is fixed from the condition of vanishing vacuum energy. Vice versa, imposing the consistency condition in Minkowskian background leads to a vanishing vacuum energy.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Unconventional charge density wave in a kagome lattice antiferromagnet FeGe
Authors: Wen Xikai , Zhang Yuqing , Li Chenglin , Gui Zhigang , Li Yikang , Li Yanjun , Wu Xueliang , Wang Aifeng , Yang Pengtao , Wang Bosen , Cheng Jinguang , Wang Yilin , Ying Jianjun , Chen Xianhui
Published: August 2024

FeGe is a kagome material that exhibits both charge density wave (CDW) order and magnetic order. The CDW order is developed deep inside the A-type antiferromagnetic phase in FeGe, providing a unique platform to investigate the interplay between CDW and magnetism. However, the driving mechanism of the CDW phase remains controversial. In this work, we performed high-pressure electrical transport and x-ray diffraction measurements combined with density-functional theory calculations to investigate the evolution of the CDW of FeGe under pressure. In contrast to conventional CDW materials, the CDW transition temperature of FeGe increases with increasing pressure, indicating the unconventional mechanism of CDW in this material. More interestingly, another possible CDW with a 3×3×6 superlattice emerges above 20 GPa, which may be explained by the calculated metastable CDW states under high pressure. These observations exclude the possibility of Van Hove singularities nesting as a CDW driving force. Our results unveil versatile CDW states and broaden the study of intertwined electronic states in the magnetic kagome metal FeGe.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Dephasing in Fluxonium Qubits from Coherent Quantum Phase Slips
Authors: Randeria Mallika T. , Hazard Thomas M. , Di Paolo Agustin , Azar Kate , Hays Max , Ding Leon , An Junyoung , Gingras Michael , Niedzielski Bethany M. , Stickler Hannah , Grover Jeffrey A. , Yoder Jonilyn L. , Schwartz Mollie E. , Oliver William D. , Serniak Kyle
Published: August 2024

Phase slips occur across all Josephson junctions (JJs) at a rate that increases with the impedance of the junction. In superconducting qubits composed of JJ-array superinductors—such as fluxonium—phase slips in the array can lead to decoherence. In particular, phase-slip processes at the individual array junctions can coherently interfere, each with an Aharonov-Casher phase that depends on the offset charges of the array islands. These coherent quantum phase slips (CQPS) perturbatively modify the qubit frequency, and therefore charge noise on the array islands will lead to dephasing. By varying the impedance of the array junctions, we design a set of fluxonium qubits in which the expected phase-slip rate within the JJ array changes by several orders of magnitude. We characterize the coherence times of these qubits and demonstrate that the scaling of CQPS-induced dephasing rates agrees with our theoretical model. Furthermore, we perform noise spectroscopy of two qubits in regimes dominated by either CQPS or flux noise. We find that the noise power spectrum associated with CQPS dephasing appears to be featureless at low frequencies and not 1/f. Numerical simulations indicate that this behavior is consistent with charge noise generated by charge-parity fluctuations within the array. Our findings broadly inform JJ-array-design trade-offs, relevant for the numerous superconducting-qubit designs employing JJ-array superinductors.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Accelerating imaging research at large-scale scientific facilities through scientific computing
Authors: Wang Chunpeng , Li Xiaoyun , Wan Rongzheng , Chen Jige , Ye Jing , Li Ke , Li Aiguo , Tai Renzhong , Sepe Alessandro
Published: August 2024

To date, computed tomography experiments, carried-out at synchrotron radiation facilities worldwide, pose a tremendous challenge in terms of the breadth and complexity of the experimental datasets produced. Furthermore, near real-time three-dimensional reconstruction capabilities are becoming a crucial requirement in order to perform high-quality and result-informed synchrotron imaging experiments, where a large amount of data is collected and processed within a short time window. To address these challenges, we have developed and deployed a synchrotron computed tomography framework designed to automatically process online the experimental data from the synchrotron imaging beamlines, while leveraging the high-performance computing cluster capabilities to accelerate the real-time feedback to the users on their experimental results. We have, further, integrated it within a modern unified national authentication and data management framework, which we have developed and deployed, spanning the entire data lifecycle of a large-scale scientific facility. In this study, the overall architecture, functional modules and workflow design of our synchrotron computed tomography framework are presented in detail. Moreover, the successful integration of the imaging beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility into our scientific computing framework is also detailed, which, ultimately, resulted in accelerating and fully automating their entire data processing pipelines. In fact, when compared with the original three-dimensional tomography reconstruction approaches, the implementation of our synchrotron computed tomography framework led to an acceleration in the experimental data processing capabilities, while maintaining a high level of integration with all the beamline processing software and systems.
Structural characterization of TIR-domain signalosomes through a combination of structural biology approaches
Authors: Bhatt Akansha , Mishra Biswa P. , Gu Weixi , Sorbello Mitchell , Xu Hongyi , Ve Thomas , Kobe Bostjan
Published: August 2024

The TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain represents a vital structural element shared by proteins with roles in immunity signalling pathways across phyla (from humans and plants to bacteria). Decades of research have finally led to identifying the key features of the molecular basis of signalling by these domains, including the formation of open-ended (filamentous) assemblies (responsible for the signalling by cooperative assembly formation mechanism, SCAF) and enzymatic activities involving the cleavage of nucleotides. We present a historical perspective of the research that led to this understanding, highlighting the roles that different structural methods played in this process: X-ray crystallography (including serial crystallography), microED (micro-crystal electron diffraction), NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy and cryo-EM (cryogenic electron microscopy) involving helical reconstruction and single-particle analysis. This perspective emphasizes the complementarity of different structural approaches.
Solvent organization in the ultrahigh-resolution crystal structure of crambin at room temperature
Authors: Chen Julian C.-H. , Gilski Miroslaw , Chang Changsoo , Borek Dominika , Rosenbaum Gerd , Lavens Alex , Otwinowski Zbyszek , Kubicki Maciej , Dauter Zbigniew , Jaskolski Mariusz , Joachimiak Andrzej
Published: August 2024

Ultrahigh-resolution structures provide unprecedented details about protein dynamics, hydrogen bonding and solvent networks. The reported 0.70 Å, room-temperature crystal structure of crambin is the highest-resolution ambient-temperature structure of a protein achieved to date. Sufficient data were collected to enable unrestrained refinement of the protein and associated solvent networks using SHELXL. Dynamic solvent networks resulting from alternative side-chain conformations and shifts in water positions are revealed, demonstrating that polypeptide flexibility and formation of clathrate-type structures at hydrophobic surfaces are the key features endowing crambin crystals with extraordinary diffraction power.
Influence of dysprosium addition on corrosion behavior of NdFeB magnets
Authors: Yang Jiandong , Li Zhiqiang , Hao Hongbo , Li Jinxu
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the corrosion kinetics and corrosion behavior of NdFeB magnets with the addition of heavy rare earth dysprosium (Dy) for its inhibitory activity on poor corrosion resistance of NdFeB magnets.

Design/methodology/approach

To study the effect of dysprosium addition on corrosion behavior of NdFeB magnets and investigate its mechanism, potentiodynamic polarization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance, energy dispersion spectrum (EDS) and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) were applied in the research. Besides, microstructures were observed by SEM equipped with EDS. Atomic force microscopy was introduced to analyze the morphology, potential image as well as the contact potential difference. The SKPFM mapping scan was applied to obtain the contact potential around Nd-rich phase at 0.1 Hz. The magnets were detected via X-ray diffraction.

Findings

Substitution of Nd with Dy led to improvement of corrosion resistance and reduced the potential difference between matrix and Nd-rich phase. Corrosion resistance is Nd-rich phase < the void < metal matrix; maximum potential difference between matrix and Nd-rich phase of Dy = 0, Dy = 3 and Dy = 6 Wt.% is 411.3, 279.4 and 255.8 mV, respectively. The corrosion rate of NdFeB magnet with 6 Wt.% Dy is about 67% of that without Dy at steady corrosion stage. The addition of Dy markedly enhanced the corrosion resistance of NdFeB magnets.

Originality/value

This research innovatively investigates the effect of adding heavy rare earth Dy to NdFeB permanent magnets on magnetic properties, as well as their effects on microstructure, phase structure and most importantly on corrosion resistance. Most scholars are studying the effect of element addition on magnetic properties but not on corrosion resistance. This paper creatively fills this research gap. NdFeB magnets are applied in smart cars, robotics, AI intelligence, etc. The in-depth research on corrosion resistance by adding heavy rare earths has made significant and outstanding contributions to promoting the rapid development of the rare earth industry.
Unveiling the impact of digital transformation: a study on key disciplines, technological unemployment, and neo-Luddism in the textile industry
Authors: Öz Sabri , Ibrahim Blend , Civriz Mücahit , Başar Pınar
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The primary aim of this study is to identify and analyze the key digital transformation areas and determine their impact on technological unemployment in the textile sector. In addition, this study explores whether digital transformation contributes to neo-Luddism or Robot Breaking.

Design/methodology/approach

The advent of digital transformation has raised significant concerns, particularly concerning technological unemployment. This study focuses on conducting an analytical hierarchical process (AHP) analysis to determine the impact of different disciplines within digital transformation on technological unemployment. The investigation specifically delves into the ongoing transition to Industry 4.0 within the textile industry. This study uses a mixed-method approach, consisting of a literature review, bibliometric analysis, eight expert phenomenological interviews, and AHP.

Findings

This study revealed that artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning are the most crucial disciplines that will affect the concept of neo-Luddism. The fact that technological unemployment in the textile sector is examined with AHP Analysis makes this study unique.

Originality/value

This study contributes to Industry 4.0 literature by examining the nexus of technological unemployment in textile manufacturing and the emergence of neo-Luddism.
Strategies to enhance energy sustainability in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 (affordable and clean energy): case of Ghana
Authors: Frimpong Benjamin Arthur , Kukah Augustine Senanu Komla , Blay Andrew Victor K. Jnr , Anafo Andrew , Kukah Richmond Makafui Kofi , Wellington Solomon Nii Offei , Kuutiero Dominic Nibeneanaa
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Human activities in recent years with the excessive emission of greenhouse gases have had a negative impact on increasing global temperatures. In this regard, one of the best ways to control it is to move toward sustainability with more use of renewable energy. Therefore, this study aims to assess the indicators of sustainable energy, explore benefits of sustainable energy and evaluate strategies to enhance energy sustainability in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative research strategy was adopted. Questionnaires were developed and administered through convenience and snowball sampling techniques to professionals in the energy sector. Data collected was validated by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and discriminant validity, whereas objectives were analyzed by using the relative importance index, mean score ranking and Kruskal–Wallis test.

Findings

From the findings, the significant indicators of sustainable energy were as follows: reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from energy production, use of renewable energies and policies on proper utilization of energy resources. Furthermore, a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, less harm caused to the environment and an increase in the economic and social development process were the major benefits of sustainable energy. Finally, the findings of the study revealed that a strong and accounted policy program, adopting sustainable energy indicators and strategic communication are the significant strategies needed to be put in place to enhance energy sustainability.

Practical implications

The study serves as a reminder to policymakers of the crucial role they have to play in enhancing energy sustainability by putting in place suitable policy programs and methods.

Originality/value

The originality of this study is that it is arguably a pioneering study in Ghana and contributes to the body of knowledge on energy sustainability.
Women who money: the impact of female board members and institutional ownership on firms’ financial performance
Authors: Nguyen Cong-Hoang , Greene Mandisa , Wu Shu-Hsing
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the relationship between board diversity and financial performance, examining how the presence of women on corporate boards affects metrics such as profitability. In addition, this study investigates how corporate governance and ownership structure influence gender diversity policies and the appointment of women to boards.

Design/methodology/approach

Two hypotheses were proposed and following regression models were developed for data analysis. The sample for this study consists of companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange in five years (2015–2019). The data was extracted from the Taiwan Economic Journal Taiwan database with the final data set comprised 9,379 firm-year observations.

Findings

This study indicates a positive association between board diversity and financial performance. Moreover, the relationship between female directors on the board and financial performance is stronger for firms with a higher percentage of institutional investors.

Originality/value

By highlighting how gender-balanced boards and engaged institutional shareholders improve profitability, this study suggests that actively recruiting women directors and pursuing governance reforms that empower shareholders can pay dividends for Taiwanese companies. The results make an important contribution to the limited research on diversity's impact within Asian corporate settings.
Run, not walk: advanced red queen effect and mutual forbearance effect in multimarket contact
Authors: Chiao Yu-Ching , Lin Chun-Chien , Chang Yu-Chen
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study explores the evolutionary relationship between multimarket contact (MMC) and competitive actions among multinational corporations (MNCs). It aims to enhance the understanding of international market competition by incorporating insights into dynamic competition and parent–subsidiary relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured content analysis was used to identify the competitive actions of global shipping liners. The dataset includes 8,204 actions identified across nine global arenas. Data were collected from 6,553 monthly news articles on Alphaliner. The period covered is from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2023.

Findings

The results indicate that a higher degree of MMC leads to greater competitive aggressiveness, supporting the combination of mutual forbearance and the Red Queen effect. Additionally, market importance triggers the mutual forbearance effect, whereas competitive rivalry is weaker for overlapping cross-market contacts. Furthermore, local competitive intensity increases MNCs' contact and echoes the Red Queen effect, especially for subsidiaries facing increasing pressure from local responsiveness.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations include reliance on Alphaliner, potential inaccuracies from proxy variables, and unmeasured headquarters–subsidiary interactions. Future research should explore other industries and extend the study period for broader applicability and generalization.

Practical implications

By interlacing mutual forbearance with the Red Queen effect within a coopetition framework, managers can devise strategies to balance competition and collaboration, thereby ensuring long-term viability and growth in global markets.

Originality/value

This study extends the concept of MMC to the context of global shipping liners, a previously underexplored sector. Unlike earlier research, this study empirically examines MMC dynamics globally and integrates mutual forbearance and the Red Queen effect.
Breaking barriers: unveiling motivations, challenges and policy recommendations for women’s entrepreneurship in Vietnam
Authors: Christodoulou Ioannis , Haj Youssef Moustafa , Wasim Jahangir , Phan Tam Thi Thanh , Reinhardt Robert , Nguyen Bao Ngoc
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of social, financial and institutional factors on women’s entrepreneurship in Vietnam, emphasizing motivation’s role in addressing challenges. Women’s entrepreneurship holds economic significance, driving local economies and creating opportunities. Government efforts to support women entrepreneurs have increased, but research on this in developing economies, especially in Vietnam, is limited.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper investigates women’s entrepreneurship in Vietnam, examining social, financial and institutional influences and emphasizing motivation in overcoming challenges. Using a qualitative approach, it conducts in-depth interviews with 28 female entrepreneurs, analyzing data thematically. Methodologically, the study uses purposive sampling, triangulation and member checking to enhance credibility.

Findings

Findings reveal key motivations like financial incentives, self-achievement and social impact. These motivations empower women to overcome financial constraints, skill gaps, limited support and societal perceptions. This research guides women entrepreneurs to enhance success through learning, persistence, skill development and self-awareness.

Originality/value

This paper presents a novel exploration into women’s entrepreneurship in Vietnam, offering original insights into the interplay of social, financial and institutional factors, with a spotlight on motivational drivers. It provides unique perspectives on their motivations, challenges and support mechanisms. The study’s contribution lies in its comprehensive understanding of women’s entrepreneurship dynamics in a developing economy like Vietnam, offering valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners and academics alike. Its originality lies in its holistic approach and nuanced examination, enriching the discourse on women’s entrepreneurship in emerging
Influences of collaborative culture and knowledge management on product and process innovation: the moderating role of information technology utilization
Authors: Le Phong Ba , Ha Sy Van
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of collaborative culture on product and process innovation via mediating role of knowledge management and moderating role of information technology utilization.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper used structural equation modeling to examine the level of how collaborative culture and knowledge management practices (KMC) affect two types of innovation capabilities, namely, product innovation and process innovation, using data collected from 313 participants in 128 manufacturing and service firms.

Findings

The research findings highlight positive mediating role of KMC between collaborative culture and two specific forms of innovation. In addition, the paper first confirms the moderating role of information technology utilization in the relationships between KMC and process innovation capability. The results underline the necessity of building a collaborative culture to enhance KMC for promoting innovation capabilities in an organization.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should explore the influence of potential benefits and values of collaborative culture on other strategic or behavioral factor to produce better innovation competence for firms.

Practical implications

This paper offers CEOs/leaders a deeper understanding of the effects of key antecedents, mechanisms and processes to promote product and process innovation in their firms.

Originality/value

This paper is unique in the attempts to provide a prospective solution for firms to pursue and improve innovation by its meaningful insights on the mediating role of KMC and moderating effect of information technology utilization in the relationship between collaborative culture and specific dimensions of innovation capability.
Lossless compression for laser additive manufacturing using continuous rows compressed storage
Authors: Gao Mingyu , Xu Jinghua , Zhang Shuyou , Tan Jianrong
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The layer section of laser additive manufacturing (AM) can be rasterized. Subsequently, the rasterized layer section can be converted into sparse matrix. However, large storage space is occupied due to the high manufacturing resolution. In order to reduce the storage space, the purpose of this research is to propose a lossless compression method to compress the sparse matrix.

Design/methodology/approach

A lossless compression method for additive manufacturing is proposed. According to manifold and irregularity feature of the object of laser AM, a lossless compression method called continuous rows compressed storage (CRCS) based on continuous rows is innovatively proposed. In particular, the better direction strategy of compression method is selected based on the side-projected area per layer.

Findings

Take human teeth as an example, compared with compressed sparse row (CSR), the CRCS has advantage up to 98.88% in storage space. Compared with block compressed sparse row (BCSR), the CRCS has advantage up to 60.04% in storage space.

Originality/value

The proposed CRCS could be employed to compress the sparse matrixes of rasterized layer sections of laser AM. Compared with common lossless compression method of sparse matrix, the compression ratio of CRCS is greater. CRCS is propitious to reduce the storage space usage, thereby improving transmission efficiency.
Low-income consumers’ informal and formal financial service experiences: perceptions of access, inclusion, and social dependence
Authors: Giraldo Mario , Sanchez Barrios Luis Javier , Rayburn Steven W. , Sierra Jeremy J.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Low-income consumers’ perceptions of access and inclusion in financial services, remain underresearched. To fill this gap, the purpose of this study, is to investigate elements of low-income consumers’ informal and formal financial service experiences, from their personal experience.

Design/methodology/approach

Mixed methods using data collected from low-income consumers in Latin America, reveal a spectrum of consumer perceptions making up access, inclusion and social dependence within financial service experiences. Scales, grounded in the consumer experience, are developed, validated and used to test a model of consumers’ service inclusivity perceptions.

Findings

Service costs, information and documentation difficulty, convenience and social dynamics influence low-income consumers’ perceptions of financial service inclusivity.

Research limitations/implications

Analysis reveals differentiation in the impact of aspects of low-income consumers’ experiences between formal and informal financial services. Working directly with this unique population exposes the nuance of their financial service experiences.

Practical implications

This research provides a more holistic perspective on low-income consumers’ financial service experience and provides contextually relevant scales with robust psychometric properties. Services marketers can use this research to inform design and evaluation of financial service offerings for low-income consumers.

Originality/value

This research contributes to study of the wellbeing of low-income consumers by providing understanding of their financial service experiences from their point-of-view and providing contextually-relevant, empirically validated tools for future inquiry.
Investigating the moderating role of technology turbulence and innovation capabilities in servant leadership, knowledge management and frugal innovation
Authors: Bazyar Afshar , Abbasi Morteza , Naghdi Khanachah Shayan
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This research aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on knowledge management and its subsequent connection to cost-saving innovation. The study further explored these relationships by examining the mediating roles of innovation capabilities and technological volatility.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is applied in purpose and employs a descriptive-survey method for data collection. It follows a qualitative-quantitative approach, utilizing expert interviews in the qualitative phase. The sample consists of 35 managers and expert professors with knowledge management experience in universities and high-tech industries, selected through the snowball method. Data collected from Iranian organizations were analyzed using AMOS software.

Findings

The results revealed a positive correlation between servant leadership and knowledge management. Knowledge management demonstrated a significant positive relationship with cost-saving innovation. Additionally, technological volatility and innovation capabilities were identified as crucial factors influencing the connection between knowledge management and innovation, particularly in promoting frugality.

Originality/value

While this research provides a comprehensive model, it acknowledges specific limitations that warrant further investigation. The study predominantly focused on Iranian organizations, suggesting an opportunity to broaden its scope to include diverse organizational perspectives from various cultural and geographical contexts. Moreover, a promising avenue for future research involves exploring entrepreneurial orientation as a potential mediating variable. Given its significant impact on organizational dynamics, introducing entrepreneurial orientation could enhance our understanding of its effects on both knowledge management and the promotion of frugal innovation. This expansion may illuminate the intricate interplay between entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge processes and innovative practices, contributing to a more sophisticated discussion on effective organizational strategies.
The effects of integrated reporting quality: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Zennaro Giulia , Corazza Giulio , Zanin Filippo
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The effects of integrated reporting quality (IRQ) have been debated in increasing empirical studies. Several IRQ measures, different theoretical approaches and multiple contexts have been adopted and investigated, leading to mixed results. By using the meta-analytic technique, this study aims to contribute to the accounting literature, reconciling the conflicting results on the effects of IRQ and providing objective conclusions to complement narrative literature reviews.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 45 empirical papers from 2013 to 2022, with 653 effect sizes, was used to assess the effects associated with IRQ. The papers were clustered into five groups (market reaction, financial performance, cost of capital, financial analysts’ properties and managerial decisions) based on the different consequences of IRQ investigated in the primary studies. A random-effects meta-regression model was used to explore all sources of heterogeneity together.

Findings

The meta-regression results confirm that IRQ positively influences firms’ market valuation and financial performance and hampers opportunistic managerial behaviour by improving corporate transparency, mitigating information asymmetry and encouraging accountability. Moreover, differences in the study characteristics affect the strength of the relationship object of interest.

Originality/value

Through meta-analysis, this study provides a broader overview of the effects of IRQ by enhancing the generalisability of the findings. The results also pave the way for additional evidence on the outcome variables affected by the quality of integrated disclosure.
Index futures mispricing: a multi-regime approach to the NIFTY 50 Index futures
Authors: Samarakoon Kithsiri , Pradhan Rudra P.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the mispricing dynamics of NIFTY 50 Index futures, drawing upon daily data spanning from January 2008 to July 2023.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs both a single regime analysis and a tri-regime model to understand the fluctuations in NIFTY 50 Index futures mispricing.

Findings

The study reveals a complex interplay between various market factors and mispricing, including forward-looking volatility (measured by the NIFVIX index), changes in open interest, underlying index return, futures volume, index volume and time to maturity. Additionally, the relationships are regime-dependent, specifically identifying the regime-dependent nature of the relationship between forward-looking volatility and mispricing, the impact of futures volume on mispricing, the effect of open interest on mispricing, the varying influence of index volume and the influence of time to maturity across the three distinct regimes.

Practical implications

These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and investors by providing a detailed understanding of futures market efficiency and potential arbitrage opportunities. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding market dynamics, transaction costs and timing, offering guidance to enhance market efficiency and capitalize on trading opportunities in the evolving Indian derivatives market.

Originality/value

The Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Threshold Vector Autoregression Regression (TVAR) models are deployed to disentangle the interrelationships between NIFTY 50 Index futures mispricing and related endogenous determinants.

Research highlights

 

(1)

This study investigates the Nifty 50 Index futures mispricing across three distinct market regimes.

(2)

We highlight how factors like volatility, futures volume, and open interest vary in their impact.

(3)

The study employs vector auto-regressive and threshold vector auto-regressive models to explore the complex relationships influencing mispricing.

(4)

We provide valuable insights for investors and policymakers on improving market efficiency and identifying potential arbitrage opportunities.
Why do Moroccan banks securitize?
Authors: Salhi Zakaria , Baroudi Maryam , Ouakil Hicham
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper analyzes the ex-ante determinants of asset securitization in Moroccan banks, providing a detailed exploration of factors influencing securitization in the Moroccan banking sector.

Design/methodology/approach

The study focuses on funding, performance, risk transfer and regulatory capital arbitrage hypotheses. By employing a probit model, we examined all Moroccan banks that securitized their assets from 2002 to 2022. Additional analyses were conducted with alternative variables and by splitting the sample into two periods, 2002–2013 and 2014–2022, to assess the impact of the regulation law 119-12 implemented in 2013 on the Moroccan securitization market.

Findings

The results indicate that the search for alternative funding sources and bank size emerge as significant factors driving securitization in Morocco. Additionally, there is limited evidence that loan portfolio quality is a decisive factor to securitize. Meanwhile, there is no evidence that securitization is driven by performance and regulatory capital arbitrage. Robustness tests further support these findings, while also suggesting that banks may engage in securitization to enhance their performance and, to a lesser extent, reduce regulatory capital.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the empirical literature by identifying the determinants that drive Moroccan banks to securitize, addressing a research gap in the relatively understudied Moroccan securitization market. The findings provide valuable insights for bankers, investors and policymakers, highlighting the potential benefits of securitization and suggesting policy changes to foster a robust securitization market while ensuring financial stability.
Research on business model innovation of SMEs in the industrial internet era: building theory from the case of PAYA
Authors: Xu Yanmei , Bai Zhenli , Wang Ziqiang , Song Xia , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Qiwen
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Aside from grappling with technological advancements, enterprises in the industrial internet era are embracing business model innovation to align with the evolution of the industrial internet. However, a gap persists in the existing research regarding the strategies and methods available to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for executing business model innovation. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the connotation, characteristics and logic of business model innovation for SMEs in the industrial internet era.

Design/methodology/approach

To explore the business model innovation logic of small and medium-sized enterprises in the era of industrial internet, the paper adopts a longitudinal single-case study approach, with PAYA, a medium-sized enterprise in the electromechanical industry, serving as the subject of research. It systematically analyzes PAYA’s business model innovation, centering on four key elements of the business model: value proposition, value creation, value delivery and value capture.

Findings

The study proposes two types of business model innovation, namely, “Migration” and “Expansion”, and explains the logic of business model innovation for SMEs in the industrial internet era: faced with a rapidly changing market environment, entrepreneurs put forward the value proposition through the insight of the market environment, then enterprises conduct technological innovation to support the value creation by their own unique experience and knowledge, and then improve the legitimacy of the market by expanding the influence of market acceptance of the new business model to promote the value delivery, and finally capture the economic value and ecological value.

Originality/value

The types and logic of business model innovation proposed in this paper contribute to supplementing and developing the theory of business model innovation and meanwhile have important reference value for SMEs in the industrial internet era.