bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the competition between cash and mobile payments in markets with mobile partnerships. A monetary search model point of view
Authors: FRANÇOISE VASSELIN
Published: April 2022

In this article cash competes with mobile money (M-money) in order to settle lowvalue transactions in the retail trade. Only an exogenous fraction of “mobile sellers” accepts M-money and creates partnerships with buyers to reduce search frictions. The remaining part consists of “traditional sellers” who accept cash exclusively and do not establish any partnership. Therefore, in a transaction between a buyer and a « mobile seller » M-money will be used as the medium of exchange. In the case of a transaction with a traditional seller, only a cash payment will be retained. Buyers who are not linked to a seller by any partnership, may hold cash, M-money, both monies or even none of them. On the contrary, buyers with a partner will alwayshold M-money alone or in addition to cash. Consequently, developing a partnership constitutes a coordination mechanism that makes M-money circulation permanent. Our contribution to monetary search models shows that accepting M-money exclusively is a necessary but not sufficient condition to lead to the substitution of cash by M-money. It also enables to show why retailers set up loyalty programs prior to launching their own mobile payment apps. However, cash will cease to to be used as a medium of exchange only if traditional sellers have almost all disappeared.
Prevalance Overview of ARI Sufferers in the Mining Environment at Cinta Jaya Inc, Molawe District
Authors: Adryana Vita , Azizi Jayadipraja Erwin , Sriningsih Chun , Suatia Waode
Published: April 2022

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Introduction: Mining activities also cause traffic disturbances due to the back and forth of operational vehicles and transporters going and out of the special terminal area,causing a decrease in air quality and noise which can increase the prevalence of Ari based on data from molawe health center with a population 0f 5291,30 ARI patient, cases in 2019 and there were 37 cases in 2020 and 42 casess in 2021 this can 2021.this affect the health status of the community in the mining envirotment of the molawe sub-district

Method: The method used in this study is descriptive research method. The descriptive method was chosen because the study carried out aims to describe the data naturally. The data used are secondary data and documents from the Health Office of Southeast Sulawesi Province, Limbo Health Center, Molawe District, 2019 - 20121. North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province.

Result: It was concluded that there was a relationship between age and gender with the incidence of ARI in infants Smoking Habits From 42 respondents, the results showed that most of the respondents were exposed to cigarette smoke, namely 34 respondents or 81.0% and the remaining only 8 respondents (19%) who had no exposure to cigarette smoke. Based on these data, it can be concluded that most children under five are exposed to cigarette smoke.

Conclusion: The factors that influence the increasing prevalence of ARI are redidental density,smoking/behavior and mining activities that are very at risk for suffering from ARI disease
UTILIZATION OF THE SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG STUDENTS OF HASSAN USMAN KATSINA POLYTECHNIC NIGERIA
Authors: LAWAL BASHIR ABDULLAHI
Published: April 2022

In 21st century, easily access to information and communication technology through social media become major concern throughout worldwide. This study examined the use of social media among students of Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic. The objectives are: (1) to determine Hassan Usman Polytechnic students in actively usage of social media, (2) to identify students’ perception of social media and (3) to examine the frequency of social media usage. A descriptive survey design was adopted. Sampling size of 98 students of Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic were randomly selected. Questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection and analysed using descriptive analysis. The result revealed students used social media to share information, chit-chat and interaction with friends. Without noticed, students might use social media to discuss national issues, engage in cyber-crimes and expose themselves to pornography. The findings also indicate that using social media has influenced their lifestyles either positive or negative, and indirectly could affect their achievements in academic excellence. The study concludes that social media is an indispensable Internet platform among Hassan Katsina Polytechnic students. In recommendation, researchers opinion that Social Media Acts should be introduced and stipulate the dos and don’ts among the students and public uses of social networking sites in Hassan Usman Polytechnic Nigeria.
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AMONG NON-ARAB STUDENTS: CONTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS’ MOTIVATIONAL BELIEFS IN LEARNING ARABIC LANGUAGE
Authors: AHMID MOHAMMAD HAAFIZ , ABDULLAH MOHD KHAIRUDDIN
Published: April 2022

Learning Arabic language among non-Arabic students is a major challenge as they do not native-speaker for the language. At the same time, they obligated to take the test and this can cause students emotional change and feel stress to achieve their goals. Self-regulated learning is one of the ways to overcome the problems because of its effectiveness in learning Arabic language. However, it can be affected by low levels of students' motivational beliefs, especially when they consider the language too difficult to learn. Therefore, this study will determine the contribution of motivational beliefs on 542 non-Arab students from various Malaysian schools. A quantitative approach was adopted and a set of questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. Multiple regression analyzes were conducted to determine the contribution. The results revealed that students' motivational beliefs influence self-regulated learning and intrinsic value predicts the most of it. The findings demonstrate how important for students to develop their feeling towards Arabic language and built confidence so that they can practice self-regulated learning in learning Arabic language more effectively.
Mathematics Students’ Satisfaction In Carrying Out Online Thesis Advisory During The Covid-19 Pandemic at IAIN Bukittinggi
Authors: M. Imamuddin  , Isnaniah  , Zaharuddin M  , Weti Susanti  , Andryadi  , Zulmuqim  , Syafruddin Nurdin
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a thesis advisory was carried out online. Further, online thesis advisory has motivated students to immediately complete their thesis even though the student lives in a different place from the supervisor. This study aimed to describe students’ satisfaction in carrying out online thesis guidance. The subjects of the study were 40 students. The instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire distributed via a google form. Besides, the data analysis used was a descriptive data analysis using formulas and student satisfaction tables. The results of this study; 1) The guidance of the supervisor in thesis advisory obtained a final score indicating an average of 80.6. 2) The thesis advisory is given by the supervisor also indicated a very good assessment with the acquisition of a score of 87.3, and 3) Very good assessment was also given by students towards facilities available indicating an average score of 75.7. In conclusion, students who carried out the online thesis advisory process were very satisfied with its process
高质量发展背景下REITs对我国基础设施建设的作用机理探究
Authors:   安徽财经大学, 金 龙飞 , 陈 功宇 , 周 政 ,   安徽财经大学,   安徽财经大学
Published: April 2022

随着经济高质量发展概念的提出，发展中不平衡不充分的问题有待解决和完善。针对基础设施建设领域，必须面向高质量发展需要，补短板。基础设施公募基金REITs是用来完善我国基础设施融资的一项措施，既是资本市场的创新运用，同时也为基础设施领域注入了新活力。本文简单介绍了REITs的主要内容，分析了高质量发展背景下REITs对房地产建设行业发展的促进作用，旨在探讨发挥资本市场在推动基础设施建设高质量发展的可能性。
Program and Abstracts, 20th International Congress of Arachnology, July 2–9, 2016, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado
Authors: Cushing Paula E.
Published: April 2022

The largest international arachnology conference so far took place in July 2016 in Golden, Colorado, hosted by Dr. Paula Cushing from the Denver Museum of Nature & Science. This volume contains program and abstracts as well as the attendee list of this meeting.
Program and Abstracts, 27th Annual Meeting of the High Country Lepidopterists, November 11 and 12, 2016, University of Colorado Boulder
Authors: Bowers M. Deane
Published: April 2022

The fifth issue of the DMNS Reports contains program and abstracts of the 27th Annual Meeting of the High Country Lepidopterists, hosted by the University of Colorado Boulder.
PENTINGNYA PENGUASAAN LITERASI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI BAGI GURU MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH DALAM MENYIAPKAN SISWA MENGHADAPI REVOLUSI INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Gazali Munawir , Pransisca Made Ayu
Published: April 2022

In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, it is a tough challenge for all Indonesian teachers. The quality of education is a measure of Indonesia's success in facing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. A teacher at this time is required to be technologically literate because the quality of a teacher who is empty of technology will not be able to instill a "critical character" in students to become revolutionary humans. This study discusses the development of mastery of information and communication technology literacy at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Information and Communication Technology literacy includes the ability to use technology as a tool to research, organize, evaluate and communicate information, and have a fundamental understanding of ethical legal issues surrounding the access and use of information. There are seven elements of Information and Communication Technology literacy, namely: define, access, evaluate, manage, integrate, create, and communicate. Developing a learning framework in the 21st century that requires students to have skills, knowledge and abilities in the fields of technology, media and information, learning and innovation skills as well as life and career skills. The types of sources and learning media based on Information and Communication Technology that can be utilized by elementary school teachers in the learning process include: (1). Computer (2). LCD (3). Internet (4). Learning CD, (5) email (6). Power Point Presentation (7) Multimedia. In the learning process, using media is very important to increase interest and understanding of materials such as Augmented Reality-based learning media. Become a technology literate teacher and really need support from the government. Information and Communication Technology literacy can be done by participating in socialization, training, upgrading, seminars and workshops on Information and Communication Technology
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI MEDIA DIGITAL PADA ANAK-ANAK DI DESA GANTI (LOMBOK)
Authors: Putra Agus Darma , Ahmadi Alpan
Published: April 2022

Pembelajaran melalui media digital merupakan tren masa kini. Tidak terkecuali dengan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang dilakukan oleh anak-anak di Desa Ganti. Mereka belajar Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Media Digital sesuai dengan model atau cara yang diarahkan sama tutor mereka. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan: (1) model pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan media digital pada kalangan anak-anak di Desa Ganti; (2) dampak positif dan negatif pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan media digital pada anak-anak di Desa Ganti. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sedangkan yang menjadi inti pembahasan dalam artikel ini adalah model pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan media digital seperti google dan youtube pada kalangan anak-anak di Desa Ganti, dan dampak positif serta negatif pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan media digital.
DIGITALISASI SASTRA LISAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI ERA NEW NORMAL PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Sakmono Nur Dwi
Published: April 2022

In the new normal era, world of education is faced with a difficult reality. The learning process, which is usually done in a classroom, now has to be done online. Pro and contra emerge among parents, especially for their children who are still receiving early childhood education. They are very difficult to understand the materials given to children, especially discipline or character and health materials. The purpose of this study was to determine how far the students understood the character and health material by using modified and digitized oral literature. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research using the Riel method, that is planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. In this study, there are two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable. The independent variable in this study is the digitalization of oral literature, while the dependent variable is online learning in the new normal era, while the dependent variable is bold learning in the normal new era. The results of the study, the application of digitizing oral literature during the new normal period could increase the character knowledge and health of students. It is evident from the two cycles that have increased, namely in the first cycle the average score of students was 54.1, then in the second cycle an average of 81.3 was obtained. However, some of the obstacles that the researchers encountered during the implementation were that the teacher's human resources were still not qualified, so researchers had to provide insights related to digitization before implementation.
Pengaruh Sistem Informasi Akuntansi dan Pengungkapan Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Dalam Aktivitas Perbankan: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: April 2022

Sistem informasi yang baik akan mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya kekeliruan, penyelewengan dan kecurangan. Pentingnya keberadaan akan suatu sistem informasi akuntansi yang mampu mengintegrasikan keterkaitan antara prosedur yang satu dengan prosedur yang lain menjadi suatu siklus yang bergerak lancar dan mampu memberikan saran kepada pihak manajemen untuk mengambil keputusan secara tepat waktu dan akurat. Agar hal tersebut dapat dicapai diperlukan suatu pengungkapan yang jelas mengenai data akuntansi dan informasi lain yang relevan. Pemberian laporan keuangan menggunakan sistem informasi akuntansi haruslah memberikan suatu sistematis dalam jadwal. Data yang disampaikan haruslah memiliki suatu unsur, yaitu data diterima secara tepat waktu. Suatu data yang baik dan bagus jika penyampaiannya tertunda akan mengakibatkan terganggunya proses informasi akuntansi yang ada dalam perbankan, sekaligus memberi dampak ketidakberaturan dan terganggunya laporan keuangan dari bank itu sendiri.
A Novel Method for Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on VMD and SGW
Authors: Toufik Bensana
Published: April 2022

The bearing vibration signal with strong non-stationary properties is generally composed of multiple components making it complicated to extract the characteristic fault features of vibration signals of rolling bearings under the background of strong noise, how to solve this problem effectively is the focus of our research. Therefore, a new scheme based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and second-generation wavelet (SGW) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, VMD can decompose accurately and adaptively a complex multi-component signal into a set of IMF component with narrow band properties.Secondly, on the basis of kurtosis and cross-correlation analysis, the optimum signal components obtained by the VMD are selected to filter and to reconstruct the analysis signal. Then, (SGW) approach is used to eliminate the strong noise background and enhance the periodic impact in the optimum IMF components. Lastly, the accurate characteristic defect frequency can be obtained by using envelope spectrum of the reconstructing signal. The success of the proposed approach is verified by analysis the vibration signals of bearings with an outer race, an inner race and a rolling element faults, respectively. The results indicate that the scheme is feasible and useful for extracting the bearings fault features.
The Realisation of Human Rights Issues of Older People in Contemporary Ireland to Ensure Equal Life Opportunities
Authors: Corrigan Trudy
Published: April 2022

Across the world, there is a growing ageing population. The number of older people living longer is unprecedented in our contemporary world. The longevity dividend has now ensured that people are living for a longer time than ever before. It is anticipated that by 2050, the world’s population of people aged over 60 years of age will double from 1 billion to 2.1 billion. The number of people aged 80 years and over is expected to triple between 2020 and 2050 to reach 426 million. The population of older people aged 65 plus years of age and older in Ireland was estimated at approximately 696,300 in 2019 and it is estimated to double to 1.56 million by 2051. This is an increase from 11.0% of the population in 2009 to 14.1% in 2018. In recent years, issues for older people, such as the ability to continue to live in their community, to have ease of access to health care, to have access to workplace training, and to ensure equal life chances, are issues of importance for people as they age. This is increasingly perceived within the framework of human rights as guided by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
Analysis of Welding Start Part Defects According to the Shape of the Electrode Tip during Shield Metal Arc Welding
Authors: An Dong soo , Kim Chan Kyu , Cho Young Tae
Published: April 2022

The main device material used in power generation facilities is high-tension steel, which has a significant impact on weldability and longevity. Therefore, high-base flux and high-base low-hydrogen welding rods are used to reduce hydrogen content.
 In this study, welding equipment, polarity, and prior technology were reviewed to implement rapid arc stabilization using AWS E7016 low hydrogen welding rods based on user needs for power generation facilities and global standards, and various shape designs of welding rod fleets were attempted. This increases the arc start current density to induce metal transfer mode using the Hollow Electrode effect and the increase in current value at ignition, thereby implementing initial arc safety and optimal welding atmosphere to solve fatal early welding defects such as pores, slag mix, and fusion.
The Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Made Easy
Authors: Arian Arvin , Dinas Konstantinos , Pratilas Georgios Chrysostomos , Alipour Sadaf
Published: April 2022

: The main advantage of the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) system is that when correctly applied, the American College of Radiology (ACR) and BI-RADS classifications are the only necessary tools for a practical and scientific communication between radiologists and clinicians regarding the breast findings. The BI-RADS provides a common standardized language of communication by minimizing subjective interpretations. A non-specialist clinician, without an in-depth knowledge of breast imaging, should be assisted on how to manage or refer patients based on standard algorithms. Dedicated breast clinicians, despite their high level of knowledge and experience regarding breast disease and management, are not radiologists; therefore, the BI-RADS can help them organize a follow-up and perform further diagnostic examinations. Besides, radiologists who are specialized in using different modalities communicate better with each other about breast images if the BI-RADS terminology and management guidelines are applied. In this study, we present a concise and simplified description for all sections of the BI-RADS to facilitate its understanding and practical use for all practitioners, not only breast radiologists.
La otra vida feliz
Authors: Foley Michael , Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

St. Augustine’s Cassiciacum dialogues have a subtle yet important political dimension. Nevertheless the focal points of the dialogues are essentially nonpolitical, and some of Augustine’s statements can be construed as hostile to civic life and to any thoughtful reflection on the best political order. This article argues that these apparent inconsistencies are not signs of a contradictory attitude but reveal a three-pronged strategy by Augustine to forge a properly Christian attitude towards political life, a strategy that involves (1) debunking patriotic fervor, (2) inflaming the love of truth, and (3) re-engaging the ciuitas from a higher perspective.
La doctrina de los tres amores en ‘sermo’ 349 de san Agustín
Authors: Pacioni Virgilio , Flores Miguel ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article examines Augustine’s though about the three loves in sermo 549, explaining briefly that Augustine had in mind the anthropological ideas of Varro and not those of the Neoplatonic. It explain also the opposition between the city of this world (amor sui) and the City of God (amor Dei).
La visión intelectual en ‘De Genesi ad litteram’ 12 de Agustín, o ver el significado oculto de las imágenes
Authors: Schlapbach Karin , Eguiarte Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article tries to show that the intellectual vission, as is presented in Gn. litt. 12, is more complex that what the old scholarship had affirmed, and it has implications with images in a very special way.
El ‘De philosophia’ de Varrón, en las obras de san Agustín anteriores al ‘De ciuitate Dei’
Authors: Cipriani Nello , Anoz José ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: April 2022

The article completes the research work of the author concerning the sources of St. Augustine’s Anthropology, in which he has underlined the importance of Antioc of Ascalona’s anthropological model and which St. Augustine came to know through Cicero and Varro. This essay makes a systematic research of the traces of Varro’s De philosophia in Saint Augustine’s works before De ciuitate Dei, and to understand the importance of these traces.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF COASTAL REGIONS: GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOPOLITICAL FACTORS AND LIMITATIONS
Authors: Baklanov Petr Ya.
Published: April 2022

Having formed at the end of the 20 th century, the concept of spatial development retains its relevance today. Yet, it is associated with a range of problems with its practical implementation and theoretical vindication, especially at a regional level. Attaining sustainable regional development, understood as a steady progress balanced across the economy, social industries and environmental protection, has been deemed impossible without identifying and considering regional development factors, such as geographical and economic-geographical position, environmental conditions and their geographical diversity, natural resource and their location, spatial features of the economy and the settlement structure. Coastal regions are affected by sundry other factors, such as the presence of a seacoast, viewed as a special resource, access to maritime transport and the availability of marine resources, including renewable ones, which are essential for sustainable development. The geopolitical situation of a region and the components of this situation are considered as geopolitical factors. Other limitations include extreme natural processes and events (large waves, tsunamis, typhoons etc.) The article aims to show that an integral geographical system or a combination thereof covering a region should be considered as the most appropriate object for assessment, planning and management of sustainable development, which is based on regional nature management including water and land resources. It is proposed that sustainable development criteria include economic, social and environmental metrics of regional development. Strategic marine and spatial planning and the monitoring of regional environmental management and development are identified as principal tools for attaining and maintaining sustainable development.
ADAPTING REGIONAL STRATEGIES TO THE NEW NON-RESOURCE EXPORT DEVELOPMENT TARGET
Authors: Glukhikh Pavel L.
Published: April 2022

In the radically new economic conditions of 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation selected supporting non-resource and non-energy exports as one of the four factors of sustainable economic growth. Achieving this target is a challenge, but the absence of sufficient conditions for a systemic diversification of Russian exports also poses a substantial problem. This situation lends urgency to developing a methodology for the normative institutional reflection of non-resource non-energy targets in regional legislative acts. This article aims to improve the methods for embedding non-resource non-energy export targets in regional strategies (the targets are expected to serve as an institutional factor prompting economic diversification). This research is exploratory; methodologically, it stands out for using qualitative and quantitative content analysis with elements of computer-assisted frequency analysis of legislative acts and regulations. The study classifies, for the first time, the non-resource non-energy export targets, contributing to the regional export strategy theory. Analysis of strategies for socio-economic development confirmed the hypothesis that, in some north-western Russian regions, the priorities and targets of non-resource non-energy exports are at odds with federal law. The practical implication of this study is recommendations on adapting strategies for regional socio-economic development to the updated non-resource non-energy export targets.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY OF RUSSIAN NORTH-WESTERN REGIONS: THE INSTITUTIONAL FACTOR
Authors: Tolstoguzov Oleg V.
Published: April 2022

Balancing out uneven regional development and territorial disparities is an urgent task, and its solution requires considering the geo-economic features of various parts of Russia’s spatially structured territory. This study aims to describe trends in the economic space transformation and structural changes in the economy of the North-Western Federal District. The economic space transformation is explored theoretically and methodologically, drawing on economic theory and geography, the concepts of cluster and power generation cycles, regional economics and other theories. Institutional and economic research of income capitalisation and the role of the institutional factor is carried out, along with regional gross value added (GVA) analysis by type of activity. The study also investigates the movement of capital (rent) in the economic space. There are several noticeable trends: the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions, the Komi and Karelia Republics have diversified their economies by developing manufacturing and mining, and the Murmansk and Pskov regions by stimulating agriculture. Regional factors generating rent at significant transaction costs are shown to be affected by institutional influences. It is concluded that structural changes in the economy of the Russian North-West regions are wavelike in nature. The index of regional GVA and industrial market development points to the existence of a transition zone between the structural phases of the wave, most of the transition taking place in 2014. The second phase of the wave was triggered, along with new structural changes, by the international sanctions and growing confrontation, which reduced capital outflow and affected further structural changes in the regional economy.
TOWARDS A CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSBOUNDARY TOURIST AND RECREATION MESOREGIONS IN THE BALTIC REGION
Authors: Manakov Andrei G. , Krasilnikova Irina N. , Ivanov Ivan A.
Published: April 2022

In the wake of the Covid-10 pandemic, the Baltic region saw a dramatic reduction in tourist flows in 2000—2021; the decrease was as much as tenfold in some destinations. This study aims to classify the 16 transboundary tourist and recreational mesoregions of the Baltic region according to 2019 tourist flows. The research evaluates, for the first time, the 2020— 2021 decline in tourist flows across these regions. The main outcome of this study is grouping the mesoregions into three orders according to the size of 2019 tourist flows. Four mesoregions were assigned to the first order (with over 500,000 arrivals), three of them located in the southwest Baltic region; nine, the second order (from 100,000 to 500,000 arrivals); three, the third order (from 50,000 to 100,000 arrivals). The most substantial fall in tourist flows occurred in 2020—2021 in the mesoregins including Sweden and Russia and the least marked in those involving Denmark, Germany, Finland, Estonia and Latvia. The findings may help track the future restoration of transboundary tourist flows in the countries of the Baltic region.
NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE RUSSIAN BALTIC EXCLAVE IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGES IN THE COUNTRY’S GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION
Authors: Shuper Vyacheslav A.
Published: April 2022

Current geopolitical and geoeconomic changes require a reconsideration of the role of the Kaliningrad region in the Baltic region. This study aims to demonstrate the possible effect of some trends in the development of the neighbouring countries on the future of the Kaliningrad region and make recommendations on the territory’s macrospecialisation. Amid the erosion of the world order, Sergey A. Karaganov calls for moderate isolationism. The Kaliningrad region is an incredibly interesting historical experiment bound to produce unexpected results. The strengthening of Russia, which coincided with the termination of 300 years of attempts to become part of Europe in some capacity, radically affects the functions of the Kaliningrad region. Its unique geographical position and caring attitude to the historical heritage make it a likely outpost of Russia’s soft power. Developing the region as a laboratory of the future, which builds models for the domestic market and exports, will allow the country to benefit from scale, taking advantage of its larger and smaller territories. Higher education may play a leading part in the process. In particular, as conservatism revives, it is time to take another look at the ideas and approaches used when creating Akademgorodok in Novosibirsk.
Positive financial aspects of migrations and the diaspora for the people and economy of Serbia
Authors: Đekić Marija , Ravić Nenad , Vesić Tamara
Published: April 2022

The subject of the paper is the analysis of economic and social advantages of remittance inflows from the Serbian diaspora. Remittances are important for domestic economy and people for several reasons. First and foremost, these remittances are at a high level because of a large number of Serbs that have emigrated in the decades behind us. Even though the exact amount of these remittances cannot be precisely calculated, due to the fact that a great portion of remittances comes to Serbia via informal channels, remittance inflows can have positive effects on many economic aspects of receiving countries, especially in the case of transitioning countries that have gone through difficult periods of economic and political crises, war crisis and devastations. Inflows from diaspora can affect the reduction of poverty, development of economic entities, and even the exchange rate of the country and economic development as a whole, and the diaspora can influence the improvement of political climate and economic relationships with foreign countries. In this paper, we wanted to examine the correlation and strength of the relationship (if any) between the trends of Serbia's GDP and remittances, as well as the relationship between GDP per capita in Serbia and remittances. The correlation procedure was performed in the IBM SPSS 21 program, and the World Bank data were used as a basis. It was concluded that the trend ratio of the GDP of Serbia and remittances is characterized by a positive correlation which was observed in the trend of the GDP of Serbia and remittances.
Current state and prediction of the future of digitization as a part of Industry 4.0
Authors: Zaušková Anna , Kusá Alena , Kubovics Michal , Ščepková Simona , Urmínová Marianna
Published: April 2022

The world has changed as a result of the expansion of Industry 4.0. Big data, machine learning or automation and robotics dominate almost all business entities. As a result of the digital revolution, we are seeing a boom in the application of various digital techniques. To achieve profitability, eliminate losses and start-up costs, as well as to improve competitiveness, businesses implement digitization in various company processes. The aim of this paper is to map and clarify the interaction between Industry 4.0 and digitization. The result is a content analysis, with which we will point out the importance of applying the principles of digitization at a practical level. The paper reflects an examination of the current state of the digital boom and its impact on small and medium-sized companies. The main benefit of this paper is to examine and point out the current level of digitization of the surveyed business entities through our own questionnaire survey. We selected the area of digitization from the collected results, specifically five research questions were determined for the analysis, which we identified before the questionnaire survey. A questionnaire survey was also conducted in Bulgaria, Serbia and the V4 partner countries.
The criminal act of espionage as a type of humint method in data collection
Authors: Lazić Radojica , Kulić Mirko , Bubalo Mirko
Published: April 2022

The intelligence service is a specialized organization that provides the protection of national security and the accomplishment of national interests. It is also an instrument of state foreign policy. As such, it is always at the centre of international events. On the other hand, modern threats, such as terrorism, organized crime and corruption are difficult to overcome without the involvement of intelligence services. They use different measures, methods and procedures in their work. However, revealing individual intentions and plans of other states requires special knowledge and skills. The Human Intelligence (HUMINT) method enables the achievement of such a goal, but it is, from the aspect of the state that it is used for, illegal, thus state protects itself from it by defining it as the criminal act of espionage in its criminal law. This paper presents a comparative legal overview of the criminal act of espionage in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Hungary. We have tried to point out the situation and solutions related to the mentioned criminal act in the legislation of the neighbouring countries. In addition, the HUMINT method is very often conducted under the guise of diplomatic activities. However, diplomacy and espionage cannot be equated, so in this paper we will try to explain the difference between these activities.
Physical and chemical characteristics of beef marinated by cashew apple extract
Authors: Susanti Siti , Bintoro Valentinus Priyo , Hintono Antonius , Nisa Khoirun
Published: April 2022

Marination is one of the methods that are often used in beef processing in an attempt to obtain high quality of beef. Cashew apple extract marinade (CAM) improves the microbiological characteristics of meat by inhibiting the growth of meat bacteria. The effect of CAM on other aspects such as physical (microbiological, tenderness, cooking loss, water holding capacity and pH) and chemical (moisture, fat and protein content) characteristics of meat have not been evaluated, which would be beneficial for the utilisation of agroindustry waste in the meat industry. In this study, the effect of CAM on the physical and chemical characteristics of beef, including microbiological characteristics, tenderness, cooking loss and water holding capacity, was evaluated. CAM (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) was used during beef processing for 4 h at refrigeration temperature. Significant effects of CAM were observed on the physical and chemical characteristics of beef. CAM increased beef tenderness and reduced total bacteria, cooking loss, moisture, fat, and protein content. The optimum concentration of CAM for which significant changes were observed in the physical and chemical characteristics of beef was 20%. Thus, cashew apple can be utilised as a promising marinade agent in beef processing with the criteria of food for specific health use. This approach will help reduce cashew apple waste and is an eco-friendly approach.
Oscillation behavior of bubble pair in magnetic fluid tube under magneto-acoustic complex field
Authors: Shi Hui-Min , Mo Run-Yang , Wang Cheng-Hui ,   Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
Published: April 2022

Based on the dynamic model of a single bubble in a magnetic fluid tube, the dynamic equation of a bubble pair system in a magneto-acoustic field is established by introducing the secondary sound radiation between bubbles and considering the magnetic field effect of the viscosity of the magnetic fluid. The effects of magnetic field intensity, bubble pair’s size, bubble interaction (including secondary Bjerknes force FB and magnetic attraction Fm) and fluid characteristics on the vibration characteristics of double bubbles are analyzed. The results show that magnetic field increases the amplitude of bubbles, and the influence of magnetic field on the large bubble is greater than on the small bubble. When the center distance between the two bubbles is constant and the relative size of two bubbles is larger, or when the size of the two bubbles is constant and the surface distance between two bubbles is small, the interaction between two bubbles is stronger. In the magneto-acoustic composite field, magnetic field can affect FB, Fm, magnetic pressure Pm and viscosity resistance, and the influence degrees are different. There is competition between FB and Fm and between Pm and viscosity resistance, and the forces acting on the microbubble jointly affect the movement of the bubbles. By studying the dynamic behavior of paired bubbles, it can provide a theoretical basis for improving the therapeutic effect of targeted regulation of microbubbles on biological tissues by adjusting the magneto-acoustic field in practical application.
Artificially intelligent control of drag reduction around a circular cylinder based on wall pressure feedback
Authors: Chen Jiang-Li , Chen Shao-Qiang , Ren Feng , Hu Hai-Bao ,   School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   The 705 Research Institute, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Xi’an 710077, China
Published: April 2022

Focusing on the typical problem of flow around a circular cylinder, we propose an active flow control method of reducing drag of a circular cylinder, in which a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method is used to establish the closed-loop control strategy with pressure sensors providing feedback signals. The detailed comparisons of the lift, drag, and flow fields with and without control are conducted. In the control system, pressure sensors evenly distributed on the cylinder surface are used to provide feedback signals for the controller. The multilayer perceptron is adopted to establish the mapping relationship between the sensors and the blowing/suction jets, i.e. the control strategy. A pair of continuously adjustable synthetic jets that exert transverse force mainly on the top and bottom edge of the cylinder is implemented. Based on the state-of-the-art proximal policy optimization algorithm, the control strategy is explored and optimized during a large number of learning episodes, thus achieving an effective, efficient, and robust drag reduction strategy. To build up the high-fidelity numerical environment, we adopt the lattice Boltzmann method as a core solver, which, together with the DRL agent, establishes an interactive framework. Furthermore, the surface pressure signals are extracted during the unsteady simulation to adjust the real-time blowing/suction jets intensity. The lift information and the drag information are recorded to evaluate the performance of the current control strategy. Results show that the active control strategy learnt by the DRL agent can reduce the drag by about 4.2% and the lift amplitude by about 49% at Reynolds number 100. A strong correlation between the drag reduction effect of the cylinder and the elongated recirculation bubble is noted. In addition, the drag reduction rate varies over a range of Reynolds numbers. The active control strategy is able to reduce the drag by 17.3% and 31.6% at Reynolds number 200 and 400, respectively. Owing to the fact that wall pressure signals are easy to measure in realistic scenarios, this study provides valuable reference for experimentally designing the active flow control of a circular cylinder based on wall pressure signals and intelligent control in more complicated flow environments.
Ambivalent laughter: the key to preserving playtime
Authors: Nugent Michael
Published: April 2022

Arguments over the future of school playtime continue back and forth. Opinions range from the interval period envisaged as a waste of teaching and learning time to sentiments supporting a child’s right to free play. Neither view, however, addresses the principal issue. If all laughter is ambivalent, which is the issue proposed here, then the central means by which pupils communicate on the primary school playground cannot be an indication of their contentment alone. The double, contradictory nature of ambivalency means that pupils’ laughter can also be an indication of their unhappiness. Playtime’s substantially serious dimension, therefore, invalidates any claims that playtime is simply a frivolous occasion and therefore expendable. Mikhail Bakhtin’s work on the language of relationships and on ambivalent laughter provides this qualitative study with the fresh insights that can make a positive contribution to the ongoing playtime debate.
miR-34a-5p inhibits the malignant progression of KSHV-infected SH-SY5Y cells by targeting c-fos
Authors: Wu Shuyuan , Wu Zhaofu , Xu Huiling , Zhang Jinli , Gu Wenyi , Tan Xiaohua , Pan Zemin , Cao Dongdong , Li Dongmei , Yang Lei , Li Dongmei , Pan Yuanming
Published: April 2022

Background

We aimed to investigate the effects of miR-34a-5p on c-fos regulation mediating the malignant behaviors of SH-SY5Y cells infected with Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

Methods

The KSHV-infected (SK-RG) and uninfected SH-SY5Y parent cells were compared for differentially expressed miRNAs using transcriptome sequencing. Then miR-34a-5p was upregulated in SK-RG cells by the miRNA mimics transfection. Cell proliferation ability was determined by MTT and plate clone assays. The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry analysis, and CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 levels were determined by Western blot analysis. The migration behavior was detected by wound healing and transwell assays. The protein levels of MMP2 and MMP9 were measured by Western blot analysis. The regulation of c-fos by miR-34a-5p was detected by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Rescue assays were carried out by upregulating c-fos in miR-34a-5p-overexpressing SK-RG cells. KSHV DNA copy numbers and relative virus gene expressions were detected. Xenograft tumor experiments and immunohistochemistry assays were further used to detect the effects of miR-34a-5p.

Results

miR-34a-5p was lower in SK-RG cells. Restoration of miR-34a-5p decreased cell proliferation and migration, leading to a G1 cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of CDK4/6, cyclin D1, MMP2, MMP9. KSHV copy number and expression of virus gene including latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), replication and transcription activator (RTA), open reading frame (K8.1), and KSHV G protein-coupled receptor (v-GPCR) were also reduced. Furthermore, c-fos is the target of miR-34a-5p, while enhanced c-fos weakened cellular behaviors of miR-34a-5p-overexpressing cells. Xenograft experiments and immunohistochemistry assays showed that miR-34a-5p inhibited tumor growth and virus gene expression.

Conclusion

Upregulated miR-34a-5p in KSHV-infected SH-SY5Y cells suppressed cell proliferation and migration through down-regulating c-fos. miR-34a-5p was a candidate molecular drug for KSHV-infected neuronal cells.
A Review on Medicinal Plants with Potential Nootropic Activity along with Animal Models Needed for their Screening
Authors: Chadda Twinkle , Rana A. C.
Published: April 2022

Dementia is a brain disorder marked by cognitive dys functioning which causes loss of learning , thinking and memory .Various drugs that possess nootropic activity are used for treatment of dementia but emerges side effects. To overcome these side effects plants with medicinal importance came into existence. India has wide variety of medicinal plants (Centella asiatica, Clitoria ternatea ,Ginkgo biloba, Curcuma longa etc) that has been claimed for nootropic activity with limited side effects. Nootropic activity of medicinal plants can be screened with various animals models that has been able to identify chemicals with potential therapeutic efficacy. The current review article rehabilitates knowledge of medicinal plants with nootropic action, as well as the animal models needed to screen them.
Study of Productivity and Economics of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Variety ABV -04 in Relation to Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Authors: Venkata Sai Ganesh Mannepu , Singh Rajesh , Indu Thakur , Dwivedi Kalyani
Published: April 2022

Background: Pearl millet can thrive in a wide range of local conditions. In areas where sorghum cannot thrive, pearl millet is a viable alternative. Sorghum and maize can't compete with pearl millet when it comes to soil moisture utilisation and heat tolerance.

Objectives: Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and economics of pearl millet

Methods: With the goal of studying the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and economics of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Var. ABV - 04 under a Randomized block design with 9 treatments (T1-T The experimental results revealed that 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha produced ear head length (20.77 cm), number of grains/ear head (1972.0), grain yield (2.68 t/ha), harvest index (41.49 percent).T9 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha produced greater net returns (95,132.00 INR/ha), gross returns (1,36,544.00 INR/ha), and benefit-to-cost ratios (2.30).

Conclusion: 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha yielded the highest net return (95,132.00INR /ha), gross return (1,36,544.00INR /ha), and benefit: cost ratio than any other combination of nutrition source (2.30).