bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Expression of GMNN Predicts Malignant Progression and Poor Prognostic in ACC
Authors: Zhao Xinzhao , Zhang Xuezhou , Shao Shixiu , Yang Qingbo , Shen Chengquan , Yang Xuecheng , Jiao Wei , Liu Jing , Wang Yonghua
Published: October 2022

Background:Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine neoplasm, which is characterized by poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Novel and reliable prognostic and metastatic biomarkers are lacking for ACC patients. This study aims at screening potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of ACC through bioinformatic methods and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.
Methods: In the present study, by using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ACC and validated these DEGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ACC cohort. A DEGs-based signature was additionally constructed and we assessed its prognostic and prescient worth for ACC by survival analysis and nomogram. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the relationship between hub gene-GMNN expressions and clinicopathologic outcomes in ACC patients.
Results: A total of 24 DEGs correlated with the prognosis of ACC were screened from the TCGA and GEO databases. Five DEGs were subsequently selected in a signature which was closely related to the survival rates of ACC patients. Among these genes, GMNN was identified as a hub gene and was independently associated with the survival of ACC. Meanwhile, in our cohort we also found that GMNN was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues and was closely related to the pathological features and prognostic of ACC.
Conclusions: GMNN is a novel tumor marker for predicting the malignant progression, metastasis and prognosis of ACC, and may be a potential therapeutic target for ACC.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded with miR-26a through the novel immunomodulatory peptide DP7-C can promote osteogenesis
Authors: Lai Shuang , Deng Li , Liu Cong , Li Xinlun , Fan Liyuan , Zhu Yushu , Yang Yiling , Mu Yandong
Published: October 2022

Purpose: As small bioactive molecules, exosomes can deliver osteogenesis-related miRNAs to target cells and promote osteogenesis. This study aimed to investigate miR-26a as a therapeutic cargo to be loaded into exosomes through a novel immunomodulatory peptide (DP7-C). In addition, the exosomes secreted from BMSCs were obtained to evaluate their osteogenic capacity.
Methods: After transfecting BMSCs with DP7-C as a transfection agent, exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation from the culture supernatant of miR-26a-modified BMSCs. Then, we characterized and identified the engineered exosomes. Next, the effect of the engineered exosomes on osteogenesis was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, including in Transwell, wound healing, modified Alizarin red staining, western blot, real-time quantitative PCR, and experimental periodontitis assays. Finally, bioinformatics and data analysis were used to investigate the role of miR-26a in bone regeneration.
Results: The DP7-C/miR-26a complex successfully transfected miR-26a into BMSCs and stimulated them to release a high dosage of exosomes overexpressing miR-26a. Furthermore, exosomes loaded with miR-26a could promote the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and inhibit the destruction of periodontitis in vivo, maintaining the integrity of supporting periodontal tissue. Target gene analysis indicated that the osteogenic effect of miR-26a is related to the mTOR pathway.
Conclusion: MiR-26a can be encapsulated into exosomes through DP7-C. Exosomes loaded with miR-26a can promote osteogenesis and inhibit bone loss in experimental periodontitis and serve as the foundation for a novel treatment strategy.
Factor affecting the discrepancy in the coronal alignment of the lower limb between the standing and supine radiographs
Authors: Moon Hyun-Soo , Kim Sung-Hwan , Kwak Dae-Kyung , Lee Seung-Hun , Lee Yung-Hong , Yoo Je-Hyun
Published: October 2022

Background: Conflicting results have been reported regarding the factors that can predict the discrepancy in the coronal alignment of the lower limb between radiographs taken in the standing and supine status, and even few studies have been conducted on this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that can predict the discrepancies in the coronal alignment of the lower limb between radiographs taken in the standing and supine status.
Methods: Between January 2019 to September 2021, medical records of patients who took full-length anteroposterior radiographs of the lower limb in both the standing and supine status were retrospectively evaluated. The discrepancy in the coronal alignment of the lower limb between the standing and supine radiographs was defined as the absolute value of the difference in the Hip-Knee-Ankle (HKA) angle between the two radiographs, presented as ΔHKA angle. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between the ΔHKA angle and the demographic data and several radiographic parameters.
Results: A total of 147 limbs (94 patients) were included in this study. The mean ΔHKA angle was 1.3 ± 1.1° (range, 0° to 6.5°). The ΔHKA angle was significantly correlated with the body mass index and several radiographic parameters, including the HKA angle, joint line convergence angle, and osteoarthritis grade. Subsequent multiple linear regression analysis was performed using the radiographic parameters measured on the supine radiographs with the two separate models from two observers, which revealed that body mass index and advanced osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 3 and 4) had a positive correlation with the ΔHKA angle.
Conclusions: Body mass index and advanced osteoarthritis affected the discrepancy in the coronal alignment of the lower limb between the standing and supine radiographs. A discrepancy in the coronal alignment of the lower limb could be more prominent in patients with an increased body mass index and advanced osteoarthritis corresponding to Kellgren-Lawrence grades 3 and 4.
MOHAN: Multi-Objective Handover for hybrid (LiFi-WiFi) Application-based Networks
Authors: Satarkar Prajakta A. , Chowdhary Girish V.
Published: October 2022

Recently the hybrid networks using the Light Fidelity (LiFi) and Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) have received significant attention due to their advantages of higher data rate. Such networks form the Hybrid LiFi-WiFi Networks (HLWNets). As the design and implementation of HLWNets are still in their early stages, it faces several problems. The vertical/horizontal handovers process becomes a challenging task in HLWNets due to the frequent mobility of the users, short coverage range of Access Point (AP), overlapping coverage regions of different networks (WiFi and LiWi). Designing efficient handover policies for HLWNets needs to address the multiple challenges like reducing handover frequency, mitigating the shadow/light path blockage, reducing communication delay/jitter, interference management, and data loss reduction. According to current research, there is a lack of a multi-objective handover mechanism for HLWNets. To end this, we propose a novel Multi-Objective Handover for hybrid Application-based Networks, i.e., HLWNets (MOHAN). The MOHAN protocol mainly addresses the two challenges shadow effect and interference management while performing the handovers. The MOHAN protocol performs handover initialization, target AP selection, and handover execution. During the periodic handover initialization phase, the proposed technique conquers both horizontal and vertical handovers, resulting in effective interference control in the network. The handover initialization phase decides the type of handover using the user mobility and received signal power to mitigate the shadow effects and interferences. In the target AP selection phase of vertical/horizontal, QoS-aware algorithms are designed to reduce the data loss, handover frequency, and interferences. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed MOHAN protocol using different network conditions compared to existing methods.
Detection of Molecular Changes with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and Electron-Spin Labels.
Authors: Munuera-Javaloy Carlos , Puebla Ricardo , D'Anjou Benjamin , Plenio Martin , Casanova Jorge
Published: October 2022

We present a protocol that detects molecular conformational changes with two nitroxide electron-spin labels and a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. More specifically, we demonstrate that the NV can detect en- ergy shifts induced by the coupling between electron-spin labels. The protocol relies on the judicious application of microwave and radiofrequency pulses in a range of parameters that ensures stable nitroxide resonances. Fur- thermore, we demonstrate that our scheme is optimized by using nitroxides with distinct nitrogen isotopes. We develop a simple theoretical model that we combine with Bayesian inference techniques to demonstrate that our method enables the detection of conformational changes in ambient conditions including strong NV dephasing rates as a consequence of the diamond surface proximity and nitroxide thermalization mechanisms. Finally, we counter-intuitively show that with our method the small residual effect of random molecular tumbling becomes a resource that can be exploited to extract inter-label distances.
Development and Psychometric Properties of a Friendly Dietary Function Assessment Scale for Home-dwelling People with Dementia
Authors: Liu Mei-Yin , Wang Chi-Jane , Hsiao Hua‐Tsen , Chen Yi-Ju , Wang Jing-Jy
Published: October 2022

Background
Mealtime difficulties related to cognitive functioning exert a negative impact on a patient’s life during the different stages of dementia, and they typically cause burden and stress on family caregivers. The majority of people with dementia live at home alone or are cared by informal caregivers who are typically their spouse or other family members. However, no suitable screening tools for home-dwelling patients with dementia have been developed, nor have measurements been focused on executive functions and self-eating functions. The purposes of this study were to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Dietary Function Assessment Scale (DFAS) for community-dwelling persons with dementia.
Methods
The instrument development design was adopted to develop and test the psychometrics of the proposed scale. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 190 persons with dementia. The psychometric properties tests included an item analysis, a factor analysis, criterion-related validity testing, internal consistency reliability testing, and defining the optimal cut-off values.
Results
Items were generated based on an extensive literature review and pre-existing scales related to mealtime and executive functions in persons with dementia. The S-CVI/ave of the DFAS was 0.89. A Principal Component factor analysis demonstrated 7 items, with a two-factor structure accounting for 56.94%% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit. The criterion-related validity was adequate (r = -0.528, p < 0.01), and the Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency was .74; the optimal cut-off value of 13 points with an AUC of 0.74 was established to determine poor dietary functioning in persons with dementia
Conclusion
The DFAS was shown not only to be simple and user-friendly but was also shown to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess dietary functioning in community-dwelling persons with dementia. This short scale is useful to caretakers, who can use it to identify the dietary needs of home-dwelling persons with dementia and improve both their care and eating experience.
Spin and Wavelength Multiplexed Eight-Channel Surface Plasmon Metalensing
Authors: Jiang Xiaohan , Xu Quan , Lang Yuanhao , Liu Wanying , Chen Xieyu , Xu Yuehong , Ren Hang , Wang Xibin , Xu Su , Zhang Xueqian , Ouyang Chunmei , Tian Zhen , Gu Jianqiang , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili
Published: October 2022

Recent demonstrations of metalensing have realized the selective coupling from free-space light into surface plasmon focusing beams, providing great possibilities for on-chip integration of division multiplexing and light routing. However, the surface plasmon wavefront control strategies of these metalenses can only work for a limited number of polarizations and wavelengths, resulting in four or less multiplexing channels. In order to break through the limitations of current SP metalens designs, we propose a holographic method with which we demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that several surface plasmon metalenses can couple and steer the incident circular polarizations of four wavelengths and two spin directions to high-quality surface plasmon focusing beams, yielding a novel eight-channel multiplexing. The focusing directions for different free-space incidences can be flexibly designated, either different or the same. The proposed design strategy is straightforward and versatile, which may open up new opportunities in the realms of integrated photonics, on-chip spectroscopy, or plasmonic demultiplexers.
Comparative evaluation of Semaphorin-4D, Peptidylarginine deiminase-2 and Matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels of gingival crevicular fluid in periodontally healthy and Stage III periodontitis Smoker and non-smoker patients before and after Non-surgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Ikhar Aishwarya S , Kolte Rajashri A , Kolte Abhay P , Deshpande Neha M , Dahake Rahul N.
Published: October 2022

Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate Semaphorin-4D (SEMA-4D), Peptidylarginine deiminase-2 (PAD-2) and Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels of Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontally healthy, stage III periodontitis smoker and non-smoker patients before and after Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).
Methods
60 patients, with an equal allotment ratio for 3 groups of periodontally healthy (Group I), Non-smokers and smokers with stage III periodontitis (Group II and Group III) were evaluated for clinical and biochemical parameters in GCF for levels of SEMA-4D, PAD-2 and MMP-8 through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were subjected to NSPT and the 3 months post therapy levels were examined.
Results
Group III exhibited higher values of PPD (8.06 ± 0.19 mm), CAL (8.94 ± 0.19 mm), PI (2.58 ± 0.19) while lower PBI (1.39 ± 0.19%) and GI (1.72 ± 0.19) scores as compared to Group II, which reduced significantly from baseline to 3 months in both the groups after NSPT. For SEMA-4D, PAD-2 and MMP-8 levels in GCF, minimum values were seen for Group I which increased incrementally to Group II and III. Also, the SEMA-4D, PAD-2 and MMP-8 levels in GCF significantly reduced from baseline to 3 months amongst Group II and III.
Conclusion
The results indicate increased GCF levels of SEMA-4D, PAD-2 and MMP-8 in Group II and III, thereby implying that these molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
Clinical Relevance:
SEMA-4D, PAD-2 and MMP-8 may be suitable biomarkers of the periodontal status in future.
Wear resistance and friction analysis of Ti6Al4V cylindrical ball-burnished specimens by vibration assistance
Authors: Velázquez-Corral Eric , Wagner Vincent , Jerez-Mesa Ramon , Delbé Karl , Lluma Jordi , Travieso-Rodriguez J.Antonio , Dessein Gilles
Published: October 2022

The objective of the research is to analyze the impact of the ultrasonic vibration assistance on the wear resistance due to the topology enhancement caused on Ti6Al4V cylindrical samples after surface modification through a ball burnishing process. The process parameters considered for this study are the burnishing force, the number of passes and the addition of a 40 kHz ultrasonic assistance, which are thought to enhance the surface topology and increase the hardener effect in terms of depth. A complete screening design of 3 factors was performed, revealing that the number of passes and the vibration assistance are the most important parameters for minimizing the wear volume loss, being 170 N of burnishing force, 3 passes and the addition of the vibration assistance as the best combination found. However, no significant difference in the friction force was observed. The topology results show that there is a decrease in the average roughness from 1.50 to 0.45 µm with optimal burnishing conditions. It was also analyzed the microstructure originated after the turning, the conventional ball burnishing and the vibration-assisted ball burnishing, being the last optimal in terms of depth affectation to the microstructure. Therefore, these results confirm an improvement in terms of wear enhancement, friction reduction and topology results when vibration assistance is added to a conventional ball burnishing process.
Dietary Pattern and Body Composition of Professional Football Players in Ghana: Implications on fitness and performance
Authors: Abdulai Kasim , Hayford Frank Ekow Atta , Axame Wisdom Kudzo , Alhassan Abdul Rauf , Brown Charles A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Good dietary practice is essential in sports as it improves the quality of training, maximizes performance and aids in the speedy recovery of players from injuries. A balanced diet provides adequate nutrients and energy to achieve these purposes. Nutritional status is also essential in ensuring optimum performance among athletes. But one may not achieve optimum nutritional status with poor dietary practices. Thus, footballers' poor dietary patterns and sub-optimal nutrition could lead to low fitness and poor performance during competitions.

Aim

This study aimed to assess the dietary pattern and body composition of professional football players in Ghana, and its implications on fitness and performance.

Methods

The study was cross-sectional. One hundred and nineteen footballers from five teams were randomly recruited for the study by quota sampling. Dietary behaviour pattern was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and body composition was measured using Omron bio-impedance body analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 for windows and Microsoft Excel 2013. Correlations were determined among anthropometric variables, while eta-squared was used to determine associations between dietary patterns and anthropometric characteristics. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The mean age of the footballers was 21.57 ± 4.3 years, with the majority (58%) within the 20–29-year group. Three dietary patterns explained 50% of the variation in diets of the footballers; 1) Fruits and vegetables, 2) energy and fiber foods (Modern Ghanaian), and 3) protein and starchy foods (Typical Ghanaian). Over 30% of the footballers were overweight. Animal protein consumption explained 9% [F (4, 130) = 2.446, p = 0.05] of the variation in BMI of the footballers with cereals and grains explaining 18% of the variation in BMI [F(4, 130) = 6.212, p < 0.001]. Percentage muscle mass negatively correlated to BMI (p < 0.01), whiles visceral fat correlated positively with BMI and body fat (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Dietary pattern depicts low intakes of animal protein and fruits with high intakes of energy giving foods. Thus, professional footballers need targeted education on adequate diets to prevent the risk of iron deficiency which may result in low fitness and poor performance.
Lower prealbumin and higher CRP increased the risk of Voriconazole overexposure and adverse reactions
Authors: Lin Liangmo , Hong Mianhui , Wu Danna , Zhong Lili , Wang Min , Fu Xiangjun
Published: October 2022

Background Voriconazole(VRZ) is a commonly used antifungal drug showing significant individual differences and narrow therapeutic window.The aim of this study is to characterize the correlation between prealbumin(PA) or C-reactive protein (CRP) and Voriconazole(VRZ) overexposure and adverse reactions. Methods Patients received VRZ as prevention or treatment and performed therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) were included. Biomarkers and combined medication were analyzed to find out factors that related to VRZ trough concentrations (Cmin) and overexposure (Cmin>5.0mg/L).ROC curves were used to determine the cut-off levels.Patients were divided into three groups according to different PA and CRP levels. Then incidence rate of VRZ adverse reactions between groups was analyzed. Results A total of 123 patients were included in the study. PA was negatively correlated,while CRP was positively correlated with VRZ concentrations.Lower PA or higher CRP was related to VRZ overexposure with the cut-off level of 145.5mg/L and 102.23mg/L respectively.Patients in group 2(PA < 145.5mg/L and CRP > 102.23mg/L) had a incidence rete of adverse reactions up to 70.27%,while incidence rate in group1(PA > 145.5mg/L and CRP < 102.23mg/L) and group 3(PA < 145.5mg/L and CRP < 102.23mg/L or PA > 145.5mg/L and CRP > 102.23mg/L) were 15.38% and 32.43%. Conclusions PA and CRP were both related to VRZ concentrations and overexposure. The risk of VRZ overexposure and adverse reactions significantly increased in patients with PA < 145.5mg/L and CRP > 102.23mg/L at the same time.
Deficits in mitochondrial TCA cycle and OXPHOS precede rod photoreceptor degeneration during chronic HIF activation
Authors: Todorova Vyara , Stauffacher Mia Fee , Ravotto Luca , Nötzli Sarah , Karademir Duygu , Ebner Lynn JA , Imsand Cornelia , Hauck Stefanie M , Samardzija Marijana , Saab Aiman S , Barros L Felipe , Weber Bruno , Grimm Christian
Published: October 2022

Background: Major retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment, are associated with a local decrease in oxygen availability causing the formation of hypoxic areas affecting the photoreceptor (PR) cells. Here, we addressed the underlying pathological mechanisms of PR degeneration by focusing on energy metabolism during chronic activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in rod PR.
Methods: We used two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) of genetically encoded biosensors delivered by adeno-associated viruses (AAV) to determine lactate and glucose dynamics in PR and inner retinal cells. Retinal layer-specific proteomics, in situ enzymatic assays and immunofluorescence studies were used to analyse mitochondrial metabolism in rod PRs during chronic HIF activation.
Results: PRs exhibited remarkably higher glycolytic flux through the hexokinases than neurons of the inner retina. Chronic HIF activation in rods did not cause overt change in glucose dynamics but an increase in lactate production nonetheless. Furthermore, dysregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway (OXPHOS) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in rods with an activated hypoxic response decelerated cellular anabolism causing shortening of rod photoreceptor outer segments (OS) before onset of cell degeneration. Interestingly, rods with deficient OXPHOS but an intact TCA cycle did not exhibit these early signs of anabolic dysregulation and showed a slower course of degeneration.
Conclusion: Together, these data indicate an exceeding high glycolytic flux in rods and highlight the importance of mitochondrial metabolism and especially of the TCA cycle for PR survival in conditions of increased HIF activity.
Prognostic CT features in patients with untreated thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Dai Haiyang , Lan Bowen , Li Shengkai , Jiang Guihua , Tian Junzhang
Published: October 2022

Purpose
To determine the prognostic CT features in patients with untreated thymic epithelial tumors (TETs).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The clinical data and CT imaging features of 194 patients with pathologically confirmed TETs were retrospectively reviewed. Subjects included 113 male and 81 female patients between 15 and 78 years of age, with a mean age of 53.8 years. The clinical outcomes were categorized according to whether relapse, metastasis or death occurred within 2 years since first diagnosed. The association between clinical outcomes and radiological features were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, while the survival status was analyzed by Cox regression.
RESULTS
There were 110 thymic carcinomas, 52 high-risk thymomas and 32 low-risk thymomas in this study. In the group of thymic carcinomas, 46 patients (41.8%) had tumor progress, local relapse or metastases and were categorized as poor outcomes. Vessel invasion and pericardium mass were confirmed of the independent predictors by logistic regression analysis (p < 0.01). In the group of high risk thymomas, 11 patients were categorized as poor outcomes and CT feature of pericardium mass was confirmed of the independent predictor (p < 0.01). In survivals analysis, Cox regression showed that features of lung invasion, great vessel invasion, lung metastases and distant organ metastasis were the independent predictors for overall survival in the group of thymic carcinomas(p < 0.01), while lung invasion and pericardium mass were the independent predictor for overall survival in the group of high-risk thymomas. No CT features were related with patient prognosis or survival in the group of low-risk thymomas.
CONCLUSION
CT could serve as an important tool in predicting the prognosis and survival in patients with TETs.
Ileorectal Intussusception Compared with End-to-end Ileorectal Anastomosis Following Laparoscopic Total Colectomy in Slow Transit Constipation：a Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Geng Hong Zhi , Xu Chen , Yu Yongjun , Cong Jiying , Zhang Zhao , Li Yuwei , Chen Qilong
Published: October 2022

Background Although end-to-end ileorectal anastomosis (EEIRA) followed total colectomy is the most effective surgical treatment for slow transit constipation (STC), but frequent diarrhea and urgent defecation have not been solved for more than 6 months after surgery. This study aimed to compare the defecating frequency, surgical complications, and quality of life after ileorectal intussusception anastomosis (IRIA) or EEIRA following laparoscopic total colectomy in STC.
Methods This is a prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed the data of 100 consecutive STC patients treated by 1 medical team in Tianjin Union Medical Center from August 2016 to July 2021. There were 70 cases underwent IRIA and 30 cases underwent EEIRA. The incidence and mortality of postoperative complications, gastrointestinal quality of life score（GIQLI）and fecal incontinence quality of life score（FIQL）were followed up after operation at median 3 years. The frequency of defecation, use of antidiarrheal drugs, Wexner constipation score follow-up at 1 year.
Results A total of 100 patients(83 females and 17 males) were enrolled, and no death. Follow-up a year, there was more than 10 defecating frequency for 19 patients (19/30, 63,33%) in EEIRA group after operation. At 7 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months after operation, and there were statistically significant difference in IRIA group for the reduction of defecation times compared with EEIRA (all P < 0.05); After 12 months of follow-up, there was no significant difference in the frequency of defecation between the two groups (P= 0.25); ANVOA analysis of variance showed that the number of defecation significantly decreased in IRIA group compared with EEIRA group F（5，490）= 193.09，(P = 0.00). Follow-up at median 3 years, there were prevalencesignificant difference in short-term and long-term complications between IRIA and EEIRA group, respectively (9/70, 12.86%) vs. (11/30, 36.67%)（P =0.03）, and (6/70, 8.57%) vs. (8/30, 26.67%)（P =0.01）. IRIA group were better than those of EEIRA group for FIQL and GIQLIscores follow-up at median 3 years, respectively (112.56 ± 8.25) vs. 105.14 ± 20.74)(P = 0.03), and (170.58 ± 8.24) vs. (164.00 ± 15.15)，(P = 0.01) .
Conclusion Follow-up at median 3 years, IRIA has a lower prevalence of surgical complications than EEIRA in the treatment of STC and significantly improve the quality of life, which can reduce the frequency of defecation within 1 year of follow-up.
Impact of migration on oral health outcomes of children in multiple-beneficial kindergartens in Nanning, southern China
Authors: Xu Nini , Deng Sicheng , Liang Yan , Chen Aihua , Zou Dan , Li Ling , Qiu Rongmin
Published: October 2022

Objective
To explore the effect of children’s migration on their oral health outcomes in multibeneficial kindergartens in Jiangnan District, Nanning, China, and to provide a basis for improving the oral health of migrant children.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 470 children aged 5 years in Jiangnan District, Nanning, Guangxi. A questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds, migration experience, eating habits, oral hygiene behaviours and utilization of dental care services. Dental caries of primary teeth was examined using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index recommended by the World Health Organization. Dental caries experience and oral health-related behaviours were compared between migrant and resident children. The impact of children’s migration attributes on their oral health outcomes was examined by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
Among the examined children, 52.3% were migrant children. The prevalence of caries among the children in multibeneficial kindergartens was 78.3%, and the mean number of dmft was 5.73 ± 5.00. The prevalence of caries was 81.7% for migrant children and 74.6% for resident children (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in the mean numbers of DMFT between migrant children and resident children (5.96 ± 4.81 vs. 5.47 ± 5.20, p > 0.05). There were significant differences in the frequency of tooth brushing and parental help with tooth brushing, typical use of fluoride, regular dental check-ups and experience of dental fillings for caries between migrant and resident children (p < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that among the children with caries, the proportion of resident children who had regular dental check-ups was 1.720 times higher than that of migrant children (95% CI = 1.155 ~ 2.560), and migrant children were more likely to have caries than resident children (OR = 3.313, 95% CI = 1.585 ~ 6.927).
Conclusion
Migration might be a significant predictive indicator for the poor utilization of dental care services by children in multibeneficial kindergartens in Nanning, China.
Mastering the Cahn–Hilliard equation and Camassa–Holm equation with cell-average based neural network method
Authors: Zhou Xiaofang , Qiu Changxin , Yan Wenjing , Li Biao
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we develop cell-average based neural network (CANN) method to approximate solutions of nonlinear Cahn–Hilliard equation and Camassa-Holm equation. The CANN method is motivated by the finite volume scheme and evolved from the integral or weak formulation of partial differential equations. The major idea of cell-average based neural network method is to explore a neural network to approximate the solution average difference or evolution between two neighboring time steps. Unlike traditional numerical methods, CANN method is not limited by the CFL restriction and can adapt large time steps for solution evolution, which is a significant advantage that classical numerical methods do not have. Once well trained, this method can be implemented as an fixed explicit finite volume scheme and applied to certain groups of initial value conditions for Cahn–Hilliard equation and Camassa-Holm equation without retraining the neural network. Furthermore, the CANN method also performs very well in handling data with corruption or low quality data generated by Gaussian white noise. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate effectiveness, accuracy and capability of the proposed method.
WITHDRAWN: The prognostic value of the preoperative albumin/globulin and monocyte ratio in resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Wenqi , Wang Chen , Jiang Jingyuan , Zhang Zhe , Feng Chong , Zhao Yan , Lin Fengwu
Published: October 2022

Objective
This study investigated the prognostic value of the preoperative albumin/globulin to monocyte ratio (AGMR) in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
The study retrospectively enrolled patients with resected NSCLC from the Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University from January 2016 to December 2017. Baseline demographic and clinicopathological data were collected. The preoperative AGMR was calculated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was applied. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal AGMR cut-off value. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the prognostic value of the AGMR.
Results
A total of 305 NSCLC patients were included. The optimal AGMR value was 2.80. Before PSM. The high AGMR (> 2.80) group had a significantly longer OS (41.34 + 11.32 vs. 32.03 + 17.01 months; P < 0.01) and DFS (39.00 + 14.49 vs. 28.78 + 19.13 months; P < 0.01) compared with the low AGMR (≤ 2.80) group. Multivariate analyses showed that AGMR (P < 0.01) in addition to sex (P < 0.05), body mass index (P < 0.01), history of respiratory diseases (P < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01), and tumor size (P < 0.01) were associated with OS and DFS. After PSM, AGMR remained as an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.572, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.470–4.502; P = 0.001) and DFS (HR 2.110, 95% CI: 1.228–3.626; P = 0.007).
Conclusion
The preoperative AGMR is a potential prognostic indicator for OS and DFS in resected early-stage NSCLC.
A diet rich in fermentable fiber promotes robust changes in the intestinal microbiota, mitigates intestinal permeability, and attenuates autoimmune uveitis
Authors: Nakamura Yukiko K. , Metea Christina , Llorenç Victor , Karstens Lisa , Balter Ariel , Lin Phoebe
Published: October 2022

Therapeutic approaches for noninfectious uveitis have expanded greatly over the past 10 years, but are limited by potential side effects and limited efficacy. Thus, therapeutic approaches that include less toxic, potentially preventative strategies to manage noninfectious uveitis are essential areas of study. Diets rich in fermentable fiber are potentially preventative in various conditions such as metabolic syndrome and type 1 diabetes. We studied the effects of various fermentable dietary fibers in an inducible model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and found that they differentially modulated uveitis severity. A high pectin diet was the most protective, reducing clinical disease severity through the induction of regulatory T lymphocytes and the suppression of Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes at peak ocular inflammation in either intestinal or extra-intestinal lymphoid tissues. The high pectin diet also promoted intestinal homeostasis as shown by changes in intestinal morphology and gene expression, as well as intestinal permeability. Pectin-induced modulation of intestinal bacteria appeared to be associated with protective changes in immunophenotype in the intestinal tract, and correlated with reduced uveitis severity. In summary, our current findings support the potential for dietary intervention as a strategy to mitigate noninfectious uveitis severity.
Polyfluorinated Crosslinker-based Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Long-Cycling 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Tang Lingfei , Chen Bowen , Ma Chang-Qi , Zhang Zhonghan , Chen Junchao , zhang Fengrui , Dong Qingyu , Xue Guoyong , Chen Daiqian , Hu Chenji , Li Shuzhou , Liu Zheng , Shen Yanbin , Chen Qi , Chen Liwei
Published: October 2022

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), which are favorable to form intimate interfacial contacts with electrodes, are promising electrolyte of choice for long-cycling lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, typical SPEs with easily oxidized oxygen-bearing polar groups exhibit narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW), making it impractical to increase specific capacity and energy density of SPE based LMBs with charging cut-off voltage of 4.5 V or higher. Here, a polyfluorinated crosslinker has been applied to enhance oxidation resistance of SPEs via inductive electron-withdrawing effect of polyfluorinated segments transmitted through crosslinked networks. As a result, polyfluorinated crosslinked SPE exhibits a wide ESW, and the Li|SPE|LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cell with a cutoff voltage of 4.5 V delivers a high discharge specific capacity of ~ 164.19 mAh g− 1 at 0.5 C and capacity retention of ~ 90% after 200 cycles. This work opens a new direction in developing SPEs for long-cycling high-voltage LMBs by using polyfluorinated crosslinking strategy.
Bipartite-Tracking Quasi-Consensus of Nonlinear Uncertain Multi-Agent Systems: Neural Network-Based Adaptive State-Constraint Impulsive Control Approach
Authors: Xu Ziqiang , Li Yun , Zhan Xisheng , Yan Huaicheng
Published: October 2022

In the engineering application of multi-agent systems (MASs), the uncertain dynamic and the actuator saturation are inevitable. Considering these factors, the bipartite-tracking quasi-consensus of nonlinear uncertain MASs over signed graph is discussed in this paper. Two kinds of neural network-based adaptive state-constraint impulsive control protocols are proposed, where the communication instant between the leader and followers only takes place at some discrete time. Considering radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) having superior approximation ability, we design an adaptive weight updating strategy to compensate the uncertain nonlinear dynamic of the system. By means of linear matrix inequality (LMI), convex analysis, impulsive system theory and Lyapunov stability theory, we derive some simple sufficient conditions for the bipartite-tracking quasi-consensus under the assumption that the communication topology is structurally balanced. Further, we estimate the region of attraction of the error system between the leader and followers. Two simulation examples are also provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed protocols.
Nomogram Model for Screening the Risk of Frailty in Elderly Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Hairong , Sun Dingce , Xu Zhiying , Yuan Zhifang , Ding Xin , Lin Mei
Published: October 2022

Background
Frailty is common in atrial fibrillation(AF)patients, but its related risk factors need to be further investigated. Furthermore, a risk prediction model based on risk factors urgently needed to be established to remind risk among AF patients.
Purpose
This study aimed to explore the multiple risk factors of frailty in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation(AF) and then construct and validate a nomogram risk prediction model to remind frailty events in this population.
Methods
A total of 337 hospitalized patients over 60(average age: 69, 53.1% male)with AF in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from November 2021 to August 2022 were recruited. Patients were assessed for frailty with the FRAIL scale and then assigned into the groups, robust, pre-frail, and frail. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and the Ordinal regression were utilized to screen independent risk factors. Subsequently, gather the factors in a nomogram to predict the risk among the AF population. The concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves were utilized to evaluate the performance of the nomogram model.
Results
The prevalence of frail and pre-frail were 23.1% and 52.2% among AF patients, respectively. A total of six predictors for frailty were screened out containing age, gender, history of coronary heart disease, number of chronic diseases, sleep disruption, and mental health status. The C-index of internal and external validation for the nomogram model were 0.821(95%CI: 0.778–0.864; bias corrected C-index: 0.795) and 0.837(95%CI: 0.780–0.893; bias corrected C-index: 0.774), respectively, indicating its favourable discriminative ability. Both internally and externally validated calibration charts were highly consistent with the ideal curve, illustrating that the model had a good predictive ability.
Conclusion
Frailty was common in the AF population, and the nomogram model has a great discriminative and predictive probability which can identify frailty risk incidents in elderly AF patients.
Candidatus Alkanophaga archaea from heated hydrothermal vent sediment oxidize petroleum alkanes
Authors: Zehnle Hanna , Laso-Pérez Rafael , Lipp Julius , Teske Andreas , Wegener Gunter
Published: October 2022

The methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) enables archaea to produce and oxidize methane, critically impacting the global greenhouse gas budget. Recently cultured archaea activate short- and long-chainn-alkanes with divergent Mcr variants, termed alkyl-coenzyme M reductases (Acrs). Here, we probed the anaerobic oxidation of mid-chain petroleum alkanes at 70°C using oil-rich sediments from the Guaymas Basin. Incubations with alkanes from pentane to tetradecane produced active cultures. In these cultures, archaea of the genusCandidatusAlkanophaga activate the alkanes with Acrs and completely oxidize the alkyl groups to CO2.Ca.Alkanophaga form a deep-branching sister clade to the methanotrophs ANME-1 and are closely related to the short-chain alkane oxidizersCa.Syntrophoarchaeum. This suggests that multi-carbon alkane metabolism preceded methane metabolism in the class Syntrophoarchaeia.Ca.Alkanophaga shuttle the electrons from alkane oxidation to sulfate-reducingThermodesulfobacteria. The two partners form consortia that are potential key players in petroleum degradation in heated oil reservoirs.
Prevalence and impact of dental caries and consequences of non-treatment on the quality of life of schoolchildren.
Authors: Giacomin Angela , Miroski Bruna , Klein Daniele , de Vasconcelos Fernanda Maria Torres , Konrath Andrea , Cardoso Mariane , Bolan Michele
Published: October 2022

Background: Several oral alterations such as dental caries can affect the quality of life of children, adolescents and their families. The objective of the present study was to identify the prevalence of dental caries and the consequences of non-treatment and the impact on the quality of life of schoolchildren 8-10 years of age.
Methods: The sample was comprised of 1,315 schoolchildren belonging to 24 municipal schools. The prevalence of caries and the consequences of untreated caries were obtained by the DMFT/deft and PUFA/pufa indexes, respectively, and categorized in schoolchildren as: caries free, caries history, carious and consequences of untreated caries. Quality of life was assessed by the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). Data were analyzed descriptively and by logistic regression analysis with a 95% level of significance.
Results: The DMFT / deft was 1.43 (± 1.958) / 0.28 (± 0.693) and PUFA / pufa was 0.22 (± 0.689) / 0.01 (± 0.106) with a prevalence of 44 2% and 13.6%, respectively. The oral condition related to dental caries has an impact on the quality of life (p <0.001), children with caries (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.301 to 2.367) and consequences of non- treatment (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.599 to 3.418) is more likely to have a worse impact on the quality of life.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the prevalence of dental caries is 44.2%, and the consequence of untreated caries is 13.6%. The oral condition related to dental caries has an impact on the quality of life, dental caries and the consequences of untreated caries increase the chances of a negative impact.
Six-dimensional structured optical tweezers synthetized by rigid-body emulation
Authors: Shen Yijie , Zhu Liuhao , Tai Yuping , Li Hehe , Hu Huajie , Li Xinzhong , Cai Yangjian
Published: October 2022

Structuring light with more extended degrees of freedom (DoFs) and in higher dimensions is increasingly gaining traction and leading to breakthroughs such as super-resolution imaging, larger-capacity communication, especially ultraprecise optical trapping or tweezers. More DoFs when manipulating an object can access more maneuvers and radically increase maneuvering precision, which is of significance in biology and related microscopic detection. However, manipulating particles beyond the three-dimensional (3D) spatial manipulation by using current all-optical tweezers technology remains difficult. To overcome this limitation, we theoretically and experimentally present six-dimensional (6D) structured optical tweezers based on tailoring structured light emulating rigid-body mechanics. Our method facilitates the evaluation of the methodology of rigid-body mechanics to synthesize six independent DoFs in a structured optical trapping system, akin to six-axis rigid-body manipulation, including surge, sway, heave, roll, pitch, and yaw. In contrast to previous 3D optical tweezers, our 6D structured optical tweezers significantly improved the flexibility of the path design of complex trajectories, thereby laying the foundation for next-generation functional optical manipulation, assembly, and micromechanics.
Pre Exposure to Enriched Environment Alleviates Brain Injury after Ischemia-Reperfusion by inhibiting p38MAPK/STAT1 pathway
Authors: Shen Xin-Ya , Han Yu , Gao Zhen-Kun , Han Ping-Ping , Bi Xia
Published: October 2022

Background.
Stroke is one of the major diseases that endangers human health. It is widely reported that enriched environment (EE) can improve the neurological function in different brain injury models. Recently, relevant researches have indicated that MAPK pathway is closely related to the inflammatory response in nervous system related diseases. However, whether pre exposure to EE (EE pretreatment) has a preventive effect, and its mechanism are not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the possible benefits and related mechanisms of EE in preventing brain injury after ischemia-reperfusion.
Methods.
Adult Sprague Dawley rats were kept in enriched or standardized environments for 21 days. Then the middle cerebral artery of rats was occluded for one hour and 30 minutes, and then reperfusion was performed. Then their neurological deficit score was evaluated. Cerebral edema, along with ELISA and protein quantities of p38MAPK, JNK, ERK, IL-1β, TNF-α, and co-localization of Iba1 were assessed. Changes in neuroinflammation and apoptosis were also detected in the penumbra cortex.
Results.
Our research showed that EE pretreatment significantly alleviated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Including the reduction of brain edema and apoptosis, and the improvement of neurological scores. In addition, the protein level of p38MAPK was significantly down regulated in EE pretreatment group, and the downstream protein STAT1 had the same trend. In addition, immunofluorescence results showed that Iba1 in EE pretreatment group decreased, the ELISA results showed that the classical proinflammatory cytokines increased significantly, while anti-inflammatory cytokines in EE pretreatment group increased, and the same results were obtained by Western blot analysis.
Conclusion.
On the whole, our research demonstrated that EE pretreatment can have a protective effect on the organism by inhibiting the p38 MAPK / STAT1 pathway. Thus, EE can be one of the most promising means of disease prevention. Secondly, p38MAPK / STAT1 pathway may be a latent target for the prevention of ischemic stroke.