bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marginal cost curves for water footprint reduction in irrigated agriculture: guiding a cost-effective reduction of crop water consumption to a permit or benchmark level
Authors: Chukalla Abebe D. , Krol Maarten S. , Hoekstra Arjen Y.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Reducing the water footprint (WF) of the process of growing irrigated crops is an indispensable element in water management, particularly in water-scarce areas. To achieve this, information on marginal cost curves (MCCs) that rank management packages according to their cost-effectiveness to reduce the WF need to support the decision making. MCCs enable the estimation of the cost associated with a certain WF reduction target, e.g. towards a given WF permit (expressed in m3  ha−1 per season) or to a certain WF benchmark (expressed in m3  t−1 of crop). This paper aims to develop MCCs for WF reduction for a range of selected cases. AquaCrop, a soil-water-balance and crop-growth model, is used to estimate the effect of different management packages on evapotranspiration and crop yield and thus the WF of crop production. A management package is defined as a specific combination of management practices: irrigation technique (furrow, sprinkler, drip or subsurface drip); irrigation strategy (full or deficit irrigation); and mulching practice (no, organic or synthetic mulching). The annual average cost for each management package is estimated as the annualized capital cost plus the annual costs of maintenance and operations (i.e. costs of water, energy and labour). Different cases are considered, including three crops (maize, tomato and potato); four types of environment (humid in UK, sub-humid in Italy, semi-arid in Spain and arid in Israel); three hydrologic years (wet, normal and dry years) and three soil types (loam, silty clay loam and sandy loam). For each crop, alternative WF reduction pathways were developed, after which the most cost-effective pathway was selected to develop the MCC for WF reduction. When aiming at WF reduction one can best improve the irrigation strategy first, next the mulching practice and finally the irrigation technique. Moving from a full to deficit irrigation strategy is found to be a no-regret measure: it reduces the WF by reducing water consumption at negligible yield reduction while reducing the cost for irrigation water and the associated costs for energy and labour. Next, moving from no to organic mulching has a high cost-effectiveness, reducing the WF significantly at low cost. Finally, changing from sprinkler or furrow to drip or subsurface drip irrigation reduces the WF, but at a significant cost.
Electronic nose in edible insects area
Authors: Adámek Martin , Adámková Anna , Borkovcová Marie , Mlček Jiří­ , Bednářová Martina , Kouřimská Lenka , Skácel Josef , Řezní­ček Michal
Published: July 2017

Edible insect is appraised by many cultures as delicious and nutritionally beneficial food. In western countries this commodity is not fully appreciated, and the worries about edible insect food safety prevail. Electronic noses can become a simple and cheap way of securing the health safety of food, and they can also become a tool for evaluating the quality of certain commodities. This research is a pilot project of using an electronic nose in edible insect culinary treatment, and this manuscript describes the phases of edible insect culinary treatment and methods of distinguishing mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and giant mealworm (Zophobas morio) using simple electronic nose. These species were measured in the live stage, after killing with boiling water, after drying and after inserting into the chocolate.The sensing device was based on the Arduino Mega platform with the ability to store the recorded data on the SD memory card, and with the possibility to communicate via internet. Data analysis shows that even a simple, cheap and portable electronic nose can distinguish between the different steps of culinary treatment (native samples, dried samples, samples enriched with chocolate for cooking) and selected species. Another benefit of the electronic nose could be its future introduction into the control mechanisms of food security systems (e.g. HACCP).
Saudi Arabia and Iran: Friends, Rivals or Foes in Geopolitical Flux
Authors: Mabon Simon
Published: July 2017

In recent years, the rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran has become increasingly important in shaping the nature of Middle Eastern security. The execution of the Shiʿi cleric Nimr al-Nimr resulted in the storming of the Saudi embassy and the severing of diplomatic relations between the two states. Nimr's execution was the latest in a long line of incidents that increased tensions between the two, dating back to the time of the Shah. A growing literature exists that seeks to understand the nature of this rivalry, with a particular focus on its sectarian and geopolitical dimensions. This article reviews a number of recent works on this rivalry, which approach the discussion from a range of different backgrounds. Such approaches all seek to challenge the conventional narrative that the rivalry can be boiled down to sectarian differences.
Reading Pudd'nhead Wilson: Criticism and Commentary from the Gilded Age to the Modern, Online Era
Authors: Goldstein Philip
Published: July 2017

Although Mark Twain's Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson and his Extraordinary Twins began as a single work, Twain separated them, in a decision that has a bearing on the reception of the better-known Pudd'nhead Wilson. After briefly summarizing the differences between Twins and Pudd'nhead Wilson, this article discusses the reception history of the latter book, including the reviews, which gave the novel a mixed reception until the 1950s, when it achieved the status of a classic comparable to Huckleberry Finn: the diverse and contrary analyses of the academic criticism and the highly divided feelings of recent online responses. This article will show, moreover, that changing cultural institutions explain the differences and divisions of the reviews, which are public and general, the academic criticism, which is specialized and autonomous, and the online responses, which derive from the novel's educational contexts.
The loi de position and the acoustics of French mid vowels
Authors: Storme Benjamin
Published: July 2017

This paper reports the results of two experiments on the acoustics of French mid vowels in a variety in which close-mid vowels ([e], [ø], [o]) occur in open syllables and open-mid vowels ([ɛ], [oe], [ɔ]) in closed syllables, according to the loi de position. Open-mid allophones have consistently higher F1 realizations and more central F2 realizations than their close-mid counterparts, but are not consistently shorter. These results are problematic for accounts of the loi de position as a pattern of vowel reduction, with mid-vowel lowering and centralizing being caused by shortening. F1 and F2 distances between close-mid and open-mid allophones vary across different prosodic and consonantal contexts and these variations can be analyzed as resulting from duration-based undershoot. More broadly, the results have implications for the typology of closed-syllable vowel laxing: they suggest that tense and lax realizations cannot generally be derived from the same acoustic target via closed-syllable vowel shortening but have distinct acoustic targets.
Exploring the Effects of the Continuation Task on Syntactic Complexity in Second Language Writing
Authors: Mao Zhicheng , Jiang Lin
Published: July 2017

This paper aims to investigate the effects of the alignment entailed in the continuation task on syntactic complexity in L2 written production. A total number of 48 sophomores majoring in English at a university in China were randomly assigned to two groups, one is the continuation group and the other is the topic writing group. The current study employs an advanced computational tool ‘the L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyser’ to assess syntactic complexity in writing samples and focused on 7 indexes including three measures of length of production, two coordinate phrase measures, and two complex nominal measures. The result shows that significant differences exist in six of the syntactic complexity measures with the continuation group outperforming the topic writing group. It is demonstrated that the continuation task, which couples production with comprehension and entails the alignment effect, has a facilitating impact on improving the writing syntactic complexity for L2 learners. The implications of these findings for second language acquisition and L2 writing pedagogy are considered.
Turkish High School Students’ English Demotivation and Their Seeking for Remotivation: A Mixed Method Research
Authors: Akay Cenk
Published: July 2017

Since Gardner introduced the importance of motivation on Language 2 learning, the concept has been accompanied with three more relevant concepts; amotivation, demotivation and remotivation. This paper mainly focused on high school students’ de-motivation and remotivation in English. De-motivation is a set of factors which decreases the motivation level of the learners and re-motivation is an attempt to overcome those de-motivating factors. English learning-teaching process has been a problematic issue for a long time in Turkey. While there are researches focusing on the de-motivating factors in many countries, such a research for Turkish high school students has not been found. This research aimed to fill this research gap and to determine the English demotivation level of the students and the demotivating factors for them and to put forth suggestions to re-motivate the learners. An explanatory design was used as a mixed method research design. The sample was constituted of 579 students. Research results revealed that demotivation level of high school students in English is quite high, their motivation decreases most in high school period. Lack of interest in English, attitude of course teacher, classroom environment and course materials are among demotivating factors. In addition, the students request that, for remotivation, courses should be entertaining, technological tools should be utilized more and frequency of speaking activities should be increased.
Portfoliokoncepter – med caseportfolioen og kompetenceportfolien som eksempel
Authors: Hansen Jens Jørgen , Dohn Nina Bonderup
Published: July 2017

I denne artikel undersøger og udvikler vi en forståelse af begrebet portfoliokoncepter, som et aspekt af portfolioteorien. Koncept-begrebet beskrives som et pædagogisk mønster, der kan støtte underviseres handlinger i typiske situationer og som i kompakt form opsamler den centrale del af en praksis. Artiklen præsenterer derfor portfoliokoncept-modellen, som vi har udviklet, og som beskriver tre niveauer af et portfoliokoncept: dens formål, indhold og metode samt læringsteoretiske grundlag. Modellens niveauer tilbyder forskellige kategorier til analyse af et portfoliokoncept: formålet kan fx rette sig mod læring og empowerment, effektiv undervisning, employabilitet eller accountabilitet, indhold og metode kan beskrives med kategorier som beholder, medie og redskab, og det læringsteoretiske grundlag kan beskrives ud fra behavioristiske, kognitive og sociokulturelle læringsteorier. Vi demonstrerer anvendelsen af portfoliokonceptmodellen på to konkrete portfoliokoncepter: kompetenceportfolioen og caseportfolioen. Begge koncepter er eksempler på portfoliodesigns, der sigter mod at videreudvikle portofoliopædagogik og undervisningspraksis på de videregående uddannelser. Afslutningsvis pointerer vi, at der findes et stadigt stigende antal portfoliokoncepter inden for den universitære praksis, og at det er vigtigt, at undervisere udvikler en nuanceret, kritisk og refleksiv forståelse af de forskellige koncepters potentialer og begrænsninger set i forhold til den praksis, de skal støtte og udvikle.
Forskning og kommunikation
Authors: Heilesen Simon B. , Pedersen Michael
Published: July 2017

Om temaet: Forskning og kommunikation
Lyd og billede i undervisningen – et uddannelsespolitisk aspekt
Authors: Kjærsgaard Poul Søren
Published: July 2017

Det sker ofte, når talen falder på teknik, herunder lyd og video i undervisningen, at de tekniske aspekter kommer i fokus så som; hvad er teknisk muligt, og hvilke platforme kan det bruges på osv.? Det er selvsagt vigtige spørgsmål. Men det må ikke skygge for andre synsvinkler, herunder de ergonomiske , for eksempel hvordan anvendelse af lyd og video påvirker deltagerne i undervisning, underviseren og selve læringen.I denne artikel vil jeg fremdrage en tredje synsvinkel, nemlig den politiske. Anvendelse af undervisningsteknologi i bredeste forstand er - som al anden teknologi - ikke værdineutral. Den kan anvendes til at fremme eller bremse nogle mål, som samfundets beslutningstagere, det være sig politikere, interesseorganisationer og i sidste instans os alle, har. Den politiske synsvinkel spiller også en rolle i henseende til, hvordan de nævnte parter, undervisere og underviste, agerer.Baggrunden for denne artikel er et forsøg, som jeg som studieleder for et mindre sprogfag, fransk, har taget initiativ til eller medvirket i med henblik på at forny faget og med henblik på såvel at tiltrække studerende som at gøre det muligt for flere at studere dette fag. Disse forsøg beskrives i artiklen med kortfattede tekniske specifikationer og i forhold til den politiske synsvinkel. I betydeligt omfang har disse initiativer været en fiasko i den forstand, at de ikke har ført til det tilsigtede resultat - i hvert fald ikke umiddelbart og på kort sigt. Det gælder ikke mindst, fordi det politiske system ikke har villet eller ikke har kunnet se formålet hermed. Jeg foreslår i artiklen at tolke dette resultat som en konflikt mellem en række modsatrettede politiske dagsordener.
CaseConnexion – udvikling af et virtuelt læringsmiljø til sygeplejestuderende
Authors: Rasmussen Line Zimmer , Nielsen Linda Hauschildt
Published: July 2017

Du møder ind i dagvagt og efter at have læst patientjournalen, går du ind på patientstuen. Foran dig i hospitalssengen ligger 82-årige Fru Andersen, som har brug for din hjælp til at blive vasket - men pludselig ringer æggeuret, og du er nødt til at slukke for hospitalet og styrte ud i køkkenet for at hente lasagnen ud af ovnen, inden den brænder på.Denne lidt underlige fremtid er på vej til at blive virkelighed, for på Sygeplejerskeuddannelsen i UC Lillebælt, UC Vest og UC Syd arbejdes der med et pilotprojekt, som foregår i den online virtuelle verden, Second Life.Formålet med artiklen er først og fremmest at videregive de erfaringer, som en projektgruppe har gjort i forbindelse med udvikling af det virtuelle læringsmiljø, CaseConnexion. Her kan sygeplejestuderende træde ind i et virkelighedstro virtuelt sengeafsnit med et virtuelt alter ego som person, hvorefter der med udgangspunkt i problembaseret læring kan arbejdes med cases og øves i tilknytning til forskellige simulationer.Det drejer det sig om at understøtte sammenhængen mellem Sygeplejerskeuddannelsens teoretiske og kliniske del gennem arbejdet med cases, hvorfor læringsmiljøets design har dette som fokus - hvordan kan interaktive elementer bidrage til, at sygeplejestuderende lærer at anvende faglige teorier og metoder til problemløsning i praksis? Gennem didaktiske overvejelser skitserer artiklen de principper, som designet bygger på, herunder hvilken betydning inddragelse af professionstænkningen har for designprincipperne.
Mobile mediers læringspotentialer - didaktiske overvejelser i forbindelse med brugen af podcast og vodcast
Authors: Fibiger Bo
Published: July 2017

Videoproduktioners didaktiske styrke har historisk ligget i deres evne til både at gengive virkeligheden og formidle tavs viden. Digitaliseringen har dels medført muligheden for at give brugerne større indflydelse på afviklingen af produktet (interaktivitet), dels at integrere video med andre ressourcer som tekst og stillbilleder. Den nye digitale virkelighed er præget af muligheden for at distribuere til mobile devices (f.eks. iPods), men samtidig suppleres muligheden for mobil distribution med muligheden for at optage og distribuere egne optagelser fra mobile devices (f.eks. mobiltelefoner). Artiklen vil fokusere på to problemstillinger. Mobile devices adskiller sig fra de traditionelle ikke‐bærbare medier ved et andet skærmformat, og samtidig ved at brugskonteksten er væsentlig forskellig. I stedet for blot at flytte eksisterende videoformater over til vodcast, er det nødvendigt at udtænke nye formater, der både tager hensyn til mediet og samtidig inddrager mediebrugens kontekst. Samtidig er det vigtigt for en didaktik at fokusere på de mobile mediers muligheder for ikke kun at fungere som modtager, men samtidig at bidrage til produktion af viden og indgå i samspil med kommunikation. Hermed kan mobile medier fungere som et relevant teknologisk grundlag for at skabe dyb viden gennem samarbejde og kommunikation mobillæring eller m‐læring.
Kan mobiltelefonen skabe refleksion i undervisningen? Medialisering som refleksivt redskab
Authors: Bang Jørgen , Dalgaard Christian , Skaanes Thea
Published: July 2017

Mobiltelefonen er det mest udbredte medie i verden. Ifølge guardian.co.uk (http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/mar/03/mobile‐phones1) var antallet af mobiltelefoner i begyndelsen af 2009 oppe på 4,1 milliarder.Til sammenligning viser en opgørelse fra markedsanalyse instituttet Experian at der i 2007 var 850 millioner personlige computere, 1,3 milliarder fastnet telefoner og 1,5 milliarder tv‐modtagere, samt 800 millioner biler og 1,4 milliarder kreditkort. Denne enorme udbredelse af mobiltelefonen er i sig selv interessant, eftersom mobiltelefonen er et medie, som brugere medbringer overalt og har adgang til på et hvilket som helst tidspunkt. Derfor er der et umiddelbart potentiale i at udnytte mobiltelefonen i læringssammenhænge. Samtidig er mobiltelefonen interessant, fordi den har udviklet sig til et multifunktionelt personligt værktøj med funktioner som bl.a. kamera, lyd- og videooptager og internetopkobling, I dag bliver mobiltelefonen ofte bandlyst i skolen, hvor den primært betragtes som et forstyrrende element. Imidlertid er der flere ting, der taler for, at man med fordel kan forsøge at finde en plads til den i undervisningen. Som Bachmair et al. (i denne antologi) skriver, er mobiltelefonen først og fremmest en teknologi, der spiller en væsentlig rolle i de unges kultur, ikke mindst kommunikationskultur. Derudover har mobiltelefonen en række egenskaber, der er relevante i en læringssammenhæng. Den kan anvendes til kommunikation, samarbejde, informationssøgning, dokumentation, vidensdeling, etc. I denne artikel vil vi sætte fokus på mobiltelefonens potentiale for at styrke elevernes refleksion over eget arbejde. Artiklen tager afsæt i et casestudie fra Moesgård Museum i Århus, hvor folkeskoleelever anvendte mobiltelefoner til at opsamle deres oplevelser og erfaringer fra besøget på udstillingen RØR VERDEN.
Det eksperimenterende fællesskab - Børn og voksnes leg med medier og teknologi
Authors: Caprani Ole , Thestrup Klaus
Published: July 2017

Siden 2002 har vi sammen med børn, pædagoger og lærere leget og eksperimenteret med medier og teknologi. I daginstitution eller skole har vi sammen med børn mellem fire og ni år skilt gamle computere ad til sidste skrue og lavet nyt legetøj ud af dem, taget hundredvis af billeder med digitale kameraer og leget med professionel bluescreen teknologi. Midt i børnenes hverdag har vi i en række mindre projekter afprøvet og analyseret alt fra helt konkrete pædagogiske metoder til principper for, hvordan børn og voksnes fælles møde med medier og teknologi kan tage form. Denne artikel trækker eksempler og begreber ud af denne forskningspraksis og samler det i en pædagogik: Det eksperimenterende fællesskab.
Water Education ved DTU – en e-læringplatform i Moodle til individualiseret kompetenceopbygning i samfundets vandsektor
Authors: Arvin Erik , Bregnhøj Henrik , Buendia Immaculada M. , Eriksson Eva , Mikkelsen Peter Steen
Published: July 2017

Omstruktureringen af kommunerne i forbindelse med amternes nedlæggelse og privatiseringen af det danske samfunds vand- og spildevandsforsyning har givet store omvæltninger og nye udfordringer for mange personalegrupper. I vandbranchen er der derfor i dag et stort behov for individualiseret kompetenceopbygning inden for hele vandets kredsløb, afstrømmet regnvand, overfladevand, grundvand, vandforsyning, spildevandstransport og -rensning samt vandkvalitet og vandhygiejne.At behovet for efter- og videreuddannelse er stort beror på et skøn baseret på samtaler med fagpersoner i branchen. Desværre foreligger der ikke konkrete behovsopgørelser, og det er også uklart, hvor stor betalingsviljen til kompetenceudvikling er hos virksomhederne og kommunerne.Der er i dag det samme behov for et kompetenceløft på universitetsområdet, fordi der er sket en markant internationalisering, hvorved mange udenlandske studerende følger engelsksprogede masterprogrammer. På Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU) foregår alle masterkurser på engelsk, og ca. halvdelen af de studerende på DTU Miljø's (Institut for Vand og Miljøteknologi) masterkurser er udenlandske gæstestuderende. Det er i dag en væsentlig opgave/problem at sikre, at disse studerende har de nødvendige faglige forudsætninger, når de starter på de planlagte kurser. Ellers sænkes undervisningsniveauet markant, og ressourceforbruget af hjælpelærere øges. Så også her er der brug for tilbud om individualiseret kompetenceopbygning.Men også over for de danske studerende er der behov for markante ændringer i undervisningsmetoderne. Der er en klar tendens til, at mange studerende bruger lærebøgerne som referenceværker. En voksende andel af de studerende sidder ikke mere og læser lærebøgerne igennem som i "gamle dage". E-læring kan være et middel til at give effektiv læring til disse mange studerende, der fra barnsben er tilvænnet IT-verdenen.I fremtiden vil der blive mere utraditionelle undervisningsbehov. Nogle større virksomheder vil i fremtiden skulle satse mere på salg af integrerede løsninger, f.eks. vand- og spildevandsløsninger for hele byområder. Dette kræver, at der er kompetente personer hos bygherrerne til at drive de fremtidige komplekse systemer. Her kan tilbud om uddannelse af bygherrens personale indgå som en konkurrenceparameter i virksomhedernes tilbud. Og netop her vil et fleksibelt e-læringssystem kunne få stor betydning.Målsætningen for udvikling af e-læringssystemet Water Education ved DTU er at opfylde ovennævnte undervisningsbehov. Projektet er i en udviklingsfase, hvorfor de praktiske erfaringer om udvikling af e-læringsmodulerne og brugernes vurderinger af fordele og ulemper er begrænsede. IT- og Telestyrelsen har medfinansieret projektet og deltaget aktivt i følgegruppemøder.
”Fremme af IKT-støttet læring” i forbindelse med den nationale strategi
Authors: Heilesen Simon B. , Meldgaard Helle , Wollin Uwe
Published: July 2017

Om temaet: "Fremme af IKT-støttet læring" i forbindelse med den nationale strategi.
Tema 2: Om at bygge Den Digitale Læringsbro
Authors: Heilesen Simon , Gleerup Janne , Mogensen Kevin
Published: July 2017

Med udgangspunkt i et forsøg med at udvikle et virtuelt læringsrum til brug i en erhvervsuddannelse trækker denne artikel fire iagttagelser frem, hvis betydning rækker ud over projektets snævre kontekst. For det første introduceres og illustreres med et praktisk eksempel en metode til at udvikle undervisningsdesigns ved hjælp af brugerdrevet innovation (Firefelt-modellen). For det andet vises, hvordan formel, uformel og ikke-formel læring kan kombineres i læringsrummet, samt hvad dette betyder for den lærendes meningsdannelse og myndiggørelse i uddannelsessammenhængen. For det tredje diskuteres, hvordan et blended learning miljø kan bidrage til at skabe koblingspunkter mellem forskellige læringskontekster, samt hvordan disse kan berige de involverede parter, her uddannelsesinstitution og praktikvirksomhed. For det fjerde diskuteres lærerens nye rolle som medaktør, sammen med elever og praktikvirksomheder, i et lærende fællesskab med det formål at frembringe nye undervisningsformer. Artiklen rundes af med nogle generelle betragtninger over, hvilke pædagogiske bidrag til uddannelsestænkningen, projektet har bidraget med.
Videomedieret parallelundervisning som rum for læring ved Almen Voksenuddannelse i udkantsområder
Authors: Andreasen Karen Egedal , Rasmussen Palle
Published: July 2017

For at modvirke den stigende regionaleulighed i Danmark er uddannelsestilbud i udkantsområderne vigtigt. Men medrelativt få studerende kan det være vanskeligt at drive uddannelse i disseområder. Man har i den forbindelse interesseret sig for potentialerne ivideomedieret fjernundervisning, og der har flere steder været gennemførtforsøg med såkaldt parallelundervisning, hvor der undervises samtidigt i tolokaler placeret på hver deres lokalitet, og hvor underviseren kun er fysisktil stede i det ene lokale. I årene 2009 -2011 gennemførte VUC Nordjylland etomfattende forsøg med denne type undervisning på hold inden for almenvoksenuddannelse (AVU). Mange kursister ved AVU har svage fagligeforudsætninger og problematiske erfaringer fra skoletiden. På baggrund afresultater fra følgeforskning til dette forsøg og med inddragelse af teoretiskeperspektiver på rum og læring diskuterer artiklen den parallelle undervisningmed henblik på fordele og ulemper, begrænsninger og fremtidige muligheder i dennetype undervisning.
Global Classroom - videokonference i undervisning
Authors: Nielsen Flemming
Published: July 2017

Efter fem år med videokonference gør VUC Storstrøm status for udvikling og implementering. Visionen peger i retning af yderligere digitalisering og satsning på kvalitetsudviklin og fleksibilitet via investeringer i teknologi og kompetenceudvikling. I 2011 kon en ny avanceret teknologisk platform til, som giver studerende mulighed for at vælge frit mellem fysisk tilstedeværelse og tilstedeværelse via individuel videokonference hjemmefra eller en andet ekstern lokation. I artiklen redegøres for baggrund og formål, forudsætninger for indførelse af fleksibel videokonference, samt for udbyttet for de studerende og underviserne. Artiklen er baseret på interne evalueringer, en artikel fra forskere på Aalborg Universitet, indtryk fra 2 specialer fra hhv. Århus Universitet og IT-U / Aalborg Universitet, samt forfatterens egne i agttagelser som projektleder i organisationen.English abstractAfter five years of using videoconferencing in teaching the Adult Education Centre Storstroem (VUC Storstroem) looks back on the development and implementation of the new ICT based learning platform. The vision suggests further digitization and focus on quality and flexibility through investment in technology and skills. Since 2011 VUC Storstroem has used a didactic organization called Global Classroom which gives students the opportunity to choose freely between physical presence and presence through individual video conference from home or another remote site. This article explains the background and purpose and the preconditions for the introduction of flexible video conferencing in classroom teaching, as well as the benefits for the students and teachers. The article is based on internal evaluations, two articles from researchers at Aalborg University, impressions from a thesis from the IT-U / Aalborg University, and author's own observations as a project manager in the organization.
Designtænkning som didaktisk metode: Læringsdesign for teknologisk forestillingskraft og handlekraft
Authors: Paaskesen Rikke Berggreen , Nørgård Rikke Toft
Published: July 2017

Det er et problem, at undervisere, lærerstuderende og elever ikke bliver mødt med tilstrækkelig inspiration, metoder og design til, hvorledes de kan anvende teknologier i undervisningen på måder der understøtter teknologisk forestillingskraft, handlekraft og kritisk-kreativ teknologisk dannelse. Dette forsøger denne artikel at adressere gennem at tilbyde forståelsesramme, struktur, procesmodel og konkret case-eksempel for hvorledes man kan arbejde med designtænkning som didaktisk metode til udformning læringsdesign for kritisk-kreativ teknologisk forestillingskraft og handlekraft. Artiklen kobler designtænkning og læringsdesign sammen til designtænkende læringsdesign for undervisere og læringsdesign for designtænkning for studerende og elever. Disse formater beskrives dernæst som åbne didaktisk-pædagogiske læringsdesign og centrale strukturer, elementer og faser fremstilles og beskrives. Pædagogisk tænkning for kritisk-kreativt medborgerskab inddrages til at underbygge modellens didaktisk-pædagogiske potentiale. Designtænkende læringsdesign for demokratisk dannelse præsenteres dernæst gennem en konkret case Future-Tech-Town Year 2060. I konklusionen udvides perspektivet til uddannelsesarbejde med læringsdesign der sigter mod kritisk-kreative fremtids-skabere med teknologier.
Les intuitions rationnelles sont-elles des intuitions modales ?
Authors: Saint-Germier Pierre
Published: July 2017

Nous discutons la thèse, acceptée par de nombreux théoriciens des intuitions rationnelles, selon laquelle ces dernières s’accompagnent d’une apparence de nécessité. L’existence d’intuitions rationnelles ayant pour objet des propositions contingentes jette un doute sur l’adéquation de cette thèse. Le problème peut trouver une solution dans le cadre d’une théorie faillibiliste des intuitions rationnelles, pourvu que l’on admette des illusions modales inéliminables. En nous appuyant sur une explication bidimensionnelle de l’a priori contingent, nous défendons une solution différente consistant à reconsidérer le contenu des apparences associées aux intuitions rationnelles : ce que l’on pourrait prendre pour des apparences de nécessité n’est autre qu’une manifestation de leur caractère a priori.
Six new lichen species (Ascomycota) from Australia
Authors: Elix John A. , McCarthy Patrick M.
Published: July 2017

Six lichens (Ascomycota) are described as new from Australia: Bapalmuia rotatilis P.M.McCarthy & Elix (Pilocarpaceae; southern New South Wales), Fellhanera incolorata P.M.McCarthy & Elix (Pilocarpaceae; southern New South Wales), Opegrapha gilmorei P.M.McCarthy & Elix (Opegraphaceae; Bass Strait, Tasmania), Protoparmelia ewersii Elix & P.M.McCarthy (Parmeliaceae; Northern Territory, South Australia), Ramboldia buleensis Elix & P.M.McCarthy (Lecanoraceae; southern New South Wales) and R. subplicatula Elix & P.M.McCarthy (central-western New South Wales).
Micro in size but not in function—microRNAs in axonal survival and regeneration
Authors: Yoo Soonmoon
Published: July 2017

Read the Original article at doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12718
Construction of Morphan Derivatives by Nitroso–Ene Cyclization: Mechanistic Insight and Total Synthesis of (±)‐Kopsone
Authors: Zhai Li , Tian Xuechao , Wang Chao , Cui Qi , Li Wenhua , Huang Sha‐Hua , Yu Zhi‐Xiang , Hong Ran
Published: July 2017

A type II nitroso–ene cyclization was developed for the construction of morphan derivatives with good functional‐group tolerance. DFT calculations revealed that the nitroso–ene reaction proceeds in a stepwise manner involving diradical or zwitterionic intermediates. The rate‐determining step is C−N bond formation, followed by a rapid hydrogen‐transfer step with a chair‐conformation transition state. The current approach was also successfully applied in the first total synthesis of (±)‐kopsone, a highly strained yet simple morphan‐type alkaloid isolated from Kopsia macrophylla.
3,6‐Dihydroxyflavone Has Antituberculosis Activity and Suppresses Lung Inflammation
Authors: Kwak Chulhee , Lee Yeongjoon , Jeon Dasom , Durai Prasannavenkatesh , Ryoo Sungweon , Kim Yangmee
Published: July 2017

The antimycobacterial and anti‐inflammatory effects of 3,6‐dihydroxyflavone (3,6‐DHF), a flavonoid with anticancer and antibacterial activities, were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated human lung fibroblast MRC‐5 cells. 3,6‐DHF had antimycobacterial effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv, multidrug‐resistant, and extensively drug‐resistant clinical isolates with mean minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25, 100, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. 3,6‐DHF bound Mtb β‐ketoacyl‐acyl carrier protein synthase III (mtKASIII) with high affinity through hydrogen bonding of 3,6‐DHF of A‐ring 6‐hydroxyl and C‐ring 3‐hydroxyl groups with Tyr304 and Gly209 of mtKASIII. Comparison of 3,6‐DHF and 3,6,3′,4′‐tetrahydroxyflavone (3,6,3′,4′‐THF) activities revealed that 3,6,3′,4′‐THF did not have anti‐tuberculosis (TB) activity, implying that increased hydrophilicity decreases TB membrane permeabilization. 3,6‐DHF reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐12, IL‐1β, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 mRNA levels and suppressed phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) in LPS‐stimulated MRC‐5 cells. These data indicate that 3,6‐DHF could be developed as a potential anti‐TB drug, which also suppresses lung inflammation.
Turn challenges into opportunities for enhancing your leadership style
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: July 2017

Pennie Parker makes a point of trying to view challenges through the lens of opportunity. That perspective came in handy many times during her 24‐year career in college athletics.
Regularity of the Level Set Flow
Authors: Colding Tobias Holck , Minicozzi William P.
Published: July 2017

We showed earlier that the level set function of a monotonic advancing front is twice differentiable everywhere with bounded second derivative and satisfies the equation classically. We show here that the second derivative is continuous if and only if the flow has a single singular time where it becomes extinct and the singular set consists of a closed C1 manifold with cylindrical singularities. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The multigenerational effects of water contamination and endocrine disrupting chemicals on the fitness of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Quesada‐Calderón Suany , Bacigalupe Leonardo Daniel , Toro‐Vélez Andrés Fernando , Madera‐Parra Carlos Arturo , Peña‐Varón Miguel Ricardo , Cárdenas‐Henao Heiber
Published: July 2017

Water pollution due to human activities produces sedimentation, excessive nutrients, and toxic chemicals, and this, in turn, has an effect on the normal endocrine functioning of living beings. Overall, water pollution may affect some components of the fitness of organisms (e.g., developmental time and fertility). Some toxic compounds found in polluted waters are known as endocrine disruptors (ED), and among these are nonhalogenated phenolic chemicals such as bisphenol A and nonylphenol. To evaluate the effect of nonhalogenated phenolic chemicals on the endocrine system, we subjected two generations (F0 and F1) of Drosophila melanogaster to different concentrations of ED. Specifically, treatments involved wastewater, which had the highest level of ED (bisphenol A and nonylphenol) and treated wastewater from a constructed Heliconia psittacorum wetland with horizontal subsurface water flow (He); the treated wastewater was the treatment with the lowest level of ED. We evaluated the development time from egg to pupa and from pupa to adult as well as fertility. The results show that for individuals exposed to treated wastewater, the developmental time from egg to pupae was shorter in individuals of the F1 generation than in the F0 generation. Additionally, the time from pupae to adult was longer for flies growing in the H. psittacorum treated wastewater. Furthermore, fertility was lower in the F1 generation than in the F0 generation. Although different concentrations of bisphenol A and nonylphenol had no significant effect on the components of fitness of D. melanogaster (developmental time and fertility), there was a trend across generations, likely as a result of selection imposed on the flies. It is possible that the flies developed different strategies to avoid the effects of the various environmental stressors.
Seed production and predation in a changing climate: new roles for resource and seed predator feedback?
Authors: Solbreck Christer , Knape Jonas
Published: July 2017

Climate change may cause changes in the dynamics of populations beyond comparatively simple directional effects. To better understand complex effects on dynamics requires long‐term studies of populations that experience changes in climatic conditions. We study the dynamics of a seed‐production–seed‐predation system, consisting of a perennial herb and its two seed predatory insects, over a 40‐yr period during which climate change has caused the annual growing season to increase by 20 d. During this period, plant patches have increased almost threefold in size and seed production has slipped into a pattern of alternate high and low years with a higher variance than in the beginning of the period. We find that seed production is associated with precipitation of the present summer and a non‐linear feedback from seed production of the previous year. When previous year's seed production is low, weather forcing and unexplained noise determine the extent of seed production. When previous seed production is high, depleted resources limit seed production. Resource depletion happened frequently in the latter parts of the study but rarely in the beginning. The changing patterns of seed production in turn affect the dynamics of seed predation, which is dominated by one of the seed predators. Its dynamics are strongly linked to seed density fluctuations, but its population growth rate is satiated when resource fluctuations become too large. In the latter part of the study period, when seed fluctuations were alternating between years of high and low density, satiation was common and there was a large increase in surviving seeds in good years. Our study illustrates that a changing climate can fundamentally influence patterns of long‐term dynamics at multiple trophic levels.
CO2 mineral trapping: Hydrothermal experimental assessments on the thermodynamic stability of dawsonite at 4.3 Mpa pCO2 and elevated temperatures
Authors: Li Fulai , Cao Yingchang , Li Wenshuai , Zhang Liqiang
Published: July 2017

Focused on the effects of temperature on the thermodynamic stability of dawsonite, a water‐rock‐CO2 interaction system was established. Water‐rock experiments were conducted at different temperatures (80, 100, 120, 140, 160°C). Considering the evolution of the fluid in equilibrium with dawsonite and alteration of dawsonite by fluids, we discuss the critical temperature at which dawsonite can remain stable. The experimental data suggested that dissolution of dawsonite is common at 120°C and that the carboaluminate chains in the crystal break off, Na+ separates from the crystal lattice, and dawsonite begins to transform into boehmite. At 140°C, dawsonite dissolves dramatically, and the interior of the carboaluminate chains break off, CO32− separates from the crystal lattice, and dawsonite further transforms into boehmite. At 160°C, only Al‐O and O‐H bonds are retained in the dawsonite crystal and dawsonite completely converts to boehmite. The thermodynamic simulations determined that at temperature >120°C, dawsonite tends to dissolve. The effect of temperature on dawsonite indicates that the critical value at which dawsonite can remain stable is 120°C. Dawsonite is stable at temperatures <120°C; at temperatures ≥120°C, the stability of dawsonite decreases and it converts to boehmite. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the convergence of the sequence of solutions for a family of eigenvalue problems
Authors: Fărcăşeanu Maria , Mihăilescu Mihai , Stancu‐Dumitru Denisa
Published: July 2017

The asymptotic behavior of the sequence {un} of positive first eigenfunctions for a class of eigenvalue problems is studied in a bounded domain
with smooth boundary ∂Ω. We prove
, where δ is the distance function to ∂Ω. Our study complements some earlier results by Payne and Philippin, Bhattacharya, DiBenedetto, and Manfredi, and Kawohl obtained in relation with the “torsional creep problem.”
Motivational Strategies and the Reframing of English: Activity Design and Challenges for Teachers in Contexts of Extensive Extramural Encounters
Authors: Henry Alastair , Korp Helena , Sundqvist Pia , Thorsen Cecilia
Published: July 2017

Motivational strategies are underresearched, and studies so far conducted have been in sociolinguistic contexts where English is not extensively encountered outside the classroom. Given also that little is known about strategies relating to the design and content of classroom activities, the purpose of this study is to identify and critically evaluate strategies focusing on activity design and content in classroom activities that, in a setting where students have extensive extramural English encounters, teachers have found to be effective in generating motivation. Using Dörnyei's () taxonomy of motivational strategies as an analytical tool, 112 descriptions of motivational activities provided by a randomly drawn sample of secondary EFL teachers in Sweden (N = 252) were content‐analyzed with a focus on design and content. Providing support for Dörnyei's proposals, the results reveal the prominence of activities that enable students to work with authentic materials (cultural artefacts produced for a purpose other than teaching) and in ways that can be experienced as authentic. Activities involving digital technologies which provide opportunities for creativity are also prominent. Use of authentic materials places high demands on teachers’ pedagogical and linguistic skills. In contexts where students respond positively to such activities, teachers’ language awareness skills become of significant importance.
Taking presentations seriously: Invoking narrative craft in academic talks
Authors: Kulasegaram Kulamakan , Buller Douglas , Whitehead Cynthia
Published: July 2017

None
Role of Sexuality in Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID): A Cross-Sectional Internet-Based Survey Study
Authors: Blom Rianne M. , van der Wal Sija J. , Vulink Nienke C. , Denys Damiaan
Published: July 2017

Background

Body integrity identity disorder (BIID)—a strong desire for amputation or paralysis—is often accompanied by feelings and cognitions of sexual arousal, although this sexual component has been largely neglected in the recent literature.

Aim

To examine the presence of BIID-related sexual arousal in subjects with BIID and explore clinical and demographic variables of subjects with BIID who do and do not possess this sexual arousal.

Methods

Eighty individuals with BIID responded to an internet-based survey we created. For all subjects, restoring identity was the primary motivation for preferred body modification. We collected data about respondents' demographic, clinical, and sexual characteristics. Based on responses to questions about BIID-specific sexual desires, subjects were assigned to the group with BIID-related sexual feelings (S-BIID; n = 57) or the group without such feelings (NS-BIID; n = 23).

Outcomes

Differences in clinical, demographic, and sexual characteristics between S-BIID and NS-BIID groups.

Results

Of the respondents, 71.3% endorsed S-BIID. Subjects with S-BIID were significantly more often men, religious, and of a homosexual identity compared with the NS-BIID group. Subjects with S-BIID also significantly more often reported a change in localization and/or intensity of their BIID feelings over time. Furthermore, 66.7% of subjects with S-BIID reported S-BIID as an additional motivation for body modification. Seven of the 57 subjects with S-BIID achieved their preferred body modification through (self)-amputation, whereas none of the subjects with NS-BIID did.

Clinical Implications

BIID is a heterogeneous disorder in which subjects who self-reported comorbid sexual arousal more often resorted to (self-induced) amputation.

Strengths and Limitations

This study contains the largest BIID cohort presented in the literature and is the first to genuinely research sexuality in BIID. The first limitation is the lack of face-to-face interviews with the subjects, so no clinical diagnoses could be made. Moreover, there is an ascertainment bias because subjects were collected through the internet and in English, which excluded those who spoke other languages or subjects without an internet connection.

Conclusion

The present study provides preliminary evidence for a subpopulation or distinct group of individuals with BIID based on the presence of S-BIID.
Corporate social responsibility and the wealth gains from dividend increases
Authors: Glegg Charmaine , Harris Oneil , Ngo Thanh
Published: July 2017

This study examines whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences the stock price response to dividend increase announcements and changes in subsequent operating performance. We find that dividend increasing firms with lower CSR scores elicit higher abnormal announcement returns and greater improvements in industry‐adjusted operating performance. These findings support the argument in the literature that socially responsible firms are more transparent and commit to higher ethical standards than other firms, suggesting that they suffer fewer agency and informational problems (Kim, Park, & Wier, 2012). Consequently, larger dividend payouts reduce agency costs in firms with lower CSR commitments, thereby generating higher wealth gains for shareholders.
In re Akhbar Beirut & Al Amin
Authors: Hakimi Monica
Published: July 2017

On August 29, 2016, the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (Tribunal) sentenced a corporate media enterprise and one of its employees for contemptuously interfering with the Tribunal's proceedings in Ayyash, a prosecution concerning the February 2005 terrorist attack that killed former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri. The contempt decision is significant for two reasons: (1) it adopts an expansive definition of the crime of contempt to restrict a journalist's freedom of expression; and (2) it is the first international judicial decision to hold a corporate entity criminally responsible.
A traumatic tale of two cities: a comparison of outcomes for adults with major trauma who present to differing trauma centres in neighbouring Canadian provinces
Authors: Hayre Jefferson , Rouse Colin , French James , Fraser Jacqueline , Watson Ian , Benjamin Sue , Chisholm Allison , Stoica George , Sealy Beth , Erdogan Mete , Green Robert , Atkinson Paul
Published: July 2017

Objectives

While the use of formal trauma teams is widely promoted, the literature is not clear that this structure provides improved outcomes over emergency physician delivered trauma care. The goal of this investigation was to examine if a trauma team model with a formalized, specialty-based trauma team, with specific activation criteria and staff composition, performs differently than an emergency physician delivered model. Our primary outcome was survival to discharge or 30 days.

Methods

An observational registry-based study using aggregate data from both the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia trauma registries was performed with data from April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2013. Inclusion criteria included patients 16 years-old and older who had an Injury Severity Score greater than 12, who suffered a kinetic injury and arrived with signs of life to a level-1 trauma centre.

Results

266 patients from the trauma team model and 111 from the emergency physician model were compared. No difference was found in the primary outcome of proportion of survival to discharge or 30 days between the two systems (0.88, n=266 vs. 0.89, n=111; p=0.8608).

Conclusions

We were unable to detect any difference in survival between a trauma team and an emergency physician delivered model.
Health and Voting in Young Adulthood
Authors: Ojeda Christopher , Pacheco Julianna
Published: July 2017

Do changes in health lead to changes in the probability of voting? Using two longitudinal datasets, this article looks at the impact of three measures of health – physical health, mental health and overall well-being – on voting trajectories in young adulthood. The results show that self-rated health is associated with a lower probability of voting in one’s first election, depression is related to a decline in turnout over time and physical limitations are unrelated to voting. Some familial resources from childhood are also found to condition when the health–participation effect manifests.