bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic effect of single intra-testicular injection of lyophilized xenogenous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on oligozoospermia in male dogs.
Authors: Mohamed Alaa , Shahat Khalid Hafez El , Fathi Mohamed , Shamaa Ashraf , M.Bahr Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Oligozoospermia is the most common cause of infertility in male canine reproduction. Practitioners look for specific therapies to solve this problem. So, the aim of the present investigation is to study for the first time the impact of a single intra-testicular injection of lyophilized canine and human MSCs-derived EVs on the oligospermia of male dogs. Dogs were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I is the control group (n = 5), without any treatment; Group II is the lyophilized canine MSCs-derived EVs (n = 5); and Group III is the lyophilized human MSCs-derived EVs (n = 5). Dogs were subjected to semen collection, blood collection, and Doppler examination. The assessment was performed on day 0 before injection, and the examination was extended to 8 weeks. The results showed that there was a notable (P ˂ 0.01) increase in testicular volume in either the canine or human MSCs-derived EVs group from the 6th to the 8th weeks of the study as compared to Day 0. The maximum volume of right or left testis in dogs treated with either canine or human MSCs-derived EVs was observed at 8 weeks post injections compared to Day 0 before treatments. The Doppler indices (PSV and EDV) were significantly improved in dogs treated with canine or human MSCs-derived EVs. The maximum values of PSV and EDV were attained in the 8th week following injection. However, the PI and RI of the testicular arteries were significantly decreased as compared to the Day 0 and control group. The human MSCs-derived EVs group had lower values of RI and PI than the canine MSCs-derived EVs group. The single intra-testicular injection of lyophilized canine MSCs-derived EVs resulted in a highly significant (P<0.001) increase in the sperm cell concentration, motility, live/dead ratio, and normal spermatozoa compared to those obtained in lyophilized human MSCs-derived EVs. In addition, the canine MSCs-derived EVs group showed higher values (P<0.001) of testosterone levels from 2nd to 8th weeks than those in the human MSCs-derived EVs group. The reverse trend was observed for NO levels. In conclusion, a single intra-testicular injection of MSCs-derived EVs could improve testicular vascularization by increasing Doppler velocities. In addition, it could improve semen quality, steroids (testosterone), and nitric oxide.
Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 2021 Mamuju-Majene Earthquake Mw. 6.2, Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Arsyad Ardy , Asyhari Muhammad , Kaharuddin Mufidatul Azmi
Published: September 2024

The seismic performance of RC buildings in Mamuju in West Sulawesi of Indonesia during the 2021 Mamuju-Majene earthquake is examined. Despite the earthquake's recorded acceleration being just 0.26 g, or 25% of the predicted acceleration (1.027 g), it has resulted in the collapse of many RC buildings across the city of Mamuju. We conducted a post-earthquake investigation to uncover the mechanism of collapsing RC buildings, with the aim of learning lessons and gaining insights for improvement in RC building design. Extensive geotechnical and geophysical investigations reveal the ground motion in the city reached 0.68 g, or about 66% of the anticipated ground motion specified for the city of Mamuju on the provision of the Indonesia Code (SNI 1726-2019). This observation suggests that the traditional design of the current RC buildings may perform seismically poorly. Therefore, elastic linear modal analysis and non-linear static and dynamic analysis were conducted to uncover the failure process of the RC building during the earthquake. The results reveal that the collapse of the RC building starts with the formation of plastic hinges at the column members on the ground floor, whereas the column members on the first and second levels remain in an elastic state. Under these circumstances, the RC building's roof displacement exceeded the critical displacement for collapse prevention. For future prevention, a revised structural design has been suggested to enhance the seismic resistance of the RC building with target performance following the Indonesia Code SNI 1726-2019. Increasing the cross-section area of the column members of RC building over a fixed base foundation can result in a more rigid structure and a lower inter-story drift ratio.
High Education Level Women in China: maternal weight and Pregnancy Risks
Authors: Jing Gao , Shang Gao , Xiayi Wang , Li Min , Lei Chen , Fei Qin , Weiwei Cheng
Published: September 2024

Women’s educational interventions affect pregnancy via maternal weight. This retrospective study enrolled 24594 college and above women with singleton live birth. Multivariate logistic regression were performed to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic characteristics on pre-pregnancy body mass index (p-BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) values. Both logistic regression and heat maps were utilized to explore the association between the later factors and adverse pregnancy complications. High education women who were older, natives, above college, assisted reproductive technology, and multiparity tended to have higher p-BMI but control their GWG within the lower range. The multivariate analysis revealed that women who were underweight before pregnancy were at high risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). Overweight was associated with a high risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), macrosomia, and large for gestational age (LGA). Obesity was also associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, GDM, HDP, macrosomia and LGA. Inadequate GWG was associated with a high risk of LBW, SGA, and preterm birth. Excess GWG might be associated with a high risk of macrosomia and LGA. Women with a high educational level common present with a normal BMI before pregnancy and adequate GWG but the percentage of low p-BMI and excess GWG is still high. Abnormal GWG and p-BMI before pregnancy are associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In particular, more responsive preventive measures and effective management approaches are required for women with a high educational level.
Two distinct phenotypes of calcium oxalate stone formers could imply different long-term risks for renal function
Authors: Williams James C. , Bowen William S. , Lingeman James E. , Rivera Marcelino , Worcester Elaine M. , El-Achkar Tarek M.
Published: September 2024

Endoscopic and biopsy findings have identified two distinct phenotypes among individuals with calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones. One phenotype exhibits normal renal papillae but shows interstitial mineral deposition, known as Randall's plaque. The other phenotype presents with collecting duct plugging and a higher incidence of loss of papilla tissue mass. With Randall’s plaque, renal papilla injury involves the loss of small patches of calcified tissue (Randall’s plaque detaching with the stone), which likely results in damage to only a few nephrons. In contrast, collecting duct mineral plugs are very large, causing obstruction to tubular flow. Since each terminal collecting duct drains thousands of nephrons, ductal plugs could lead to the degeneration of many nephrons and a significant loss of renal glomeruli. New visualization techniques for immune cells in papillary biopsies have revealed that the Randall's plaque phenotype is marked by the accumulation of macrophages around the plaque regions. In contrast, preliminary data on the plugging phenotype shows collecting duct damage with mineral plugs, increased T-lymphocytes throughout the papilla, and tubulitis, characterized by T-cell infiltration into nearby collecting duct epithelium. This suggests that while some CaOx stone formers may have some papillary inflammation but with minimal damage to nephrons, others suffer from obstruction to flow for many nephrons that may also include destructive inflammation in the renal tissue. We propose that the long-term risks for loss of renal function will be greater for CaOx stone formers with the plugging phenotype.
Are all robotic technologies created equal? Comparing one of the latest image-free robotic technologies to all other robotic systems for total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Huang Philip , Cross Michael , Gupta Anshu , Intwala Dhara , Ruppenkamp Jill , Hoeffel Daniel
Published: September 2024

Background: Robotic-assisted technologies have been developed to increase surgical precision and reduce surgical variability in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Several different robotic systems have been introduced in the last decade for TKA. The DePuy Synthes VELYSTM Robotic-Assisted Solution (VRAS) is an imageless system designed to eliminate the need for preoperative CT scans and is one of the latest entrants in the rapidly evolving field of robotic technology in TKA. This study compared the clinical and economic outcomes associated with VRAS compared to other robotic-assisted technology for primary TKA.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Premier Healthcare Database included patients who received their primary TKA with VRAS compared with other robotic-assisted technologies from January 1, 2022, to April 30, 2023. The primary outcome for the study was hospital follow-up visits (revisits) within 90 days post-TKA. Secondary outcomes included readmission and revision rates within 90-day post-TKA, operating room time, length of stay, discharge status and hospital costs. Cohorts were balanced using propensity score fine stratification and generalized linear models were constructed to evaluate outcomes.
Results: The study included 827 VRAS TKA cases and 16,428 TKA cases performed with other robotic-assisted technologies. The 90-day all-cause and knee-related revisit rates were statistically significantly lower for VRAS compared to other robotic-assisted technologies (all-cause 13.9% vs. 22.8% and knee-related 2.8% vs. 5.4%, respectively, p-value < 0.01). The all-cause and knee-related 90-day readmission rates were also lower for VRAS though the differences were not statistically significant. 90-day revision rates were similar for VRAS and other robotic-assisted technologies (0.48% vs. 0.45%), as was operating room time (138 vs. 137 minutes). The 90-day knee-related cost for the VRAS cohort was $15,048 compared to $16,867 for other robotic technologies.
Conclusions: This database study demonstrates that early post-operative revisit rates and total cost of care is lower for VRAS compared to the class of all other robotic-assisted technologies for TKA, while operating room time and discharge status were similar. These are important findings in ever-evolving healthcare systems which are increasingly cost-conscious and cognizant of principles associated with value-based care.
Inhibition of GPX4 Induces the Death of p53-Mutant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Tahaney William M. , Qian Jing , Lanier Amanda , Moyer Cassandra L. , Nguyen Nghi , Ma Yanxia , Hill Jamal , Powell Reid T. , Stephan Clifford C. , Davies Peter J.A. , Mazumdar Abhijit , Brown Powel H.
Published: September 2024

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by high rates of tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutation and with limited targeted therapies. Despite being clinically advantageous, direct targeting of mutant TP53 has been challenging. Therefore, we hypothesized that p53-mutant TNBC cells rely upon other potentially targetable survival pathways.
Methods
In vitro and in silico screens were used to identify drugs that induced preferential death in TP53-mutant cells. The effect of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor ML-162 was tested both in vitro and in vivo and the mechanism of cell death following GPX4 inhibition or knockout was determined.
Results
High-throughput drug screening demonstrated that p53-mutant TNBCs are highly sensitive to peroxidase, cell cycle, cell division, and proteasome inhibitors. We further characterized the effect of the Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor ML-162 and demonstrated that ML-162 induces preferential ferroptosis in p53-mutant TNBC cells. Treatment of p53-mutant xenografts with ML-162 suppressed tumor growth and increased lipid peroxidation in vivo. Testing ferroptosis inducers demonstrated p53-missense mutant, and not p53-null or wild-type cells, were more sensitive to ferroptosis, and expression of mutant p53 genes in p53-null cells sensitized cells to ML-162 treatment. Finally, we demonstrated that p53 mutation correlates with ALOX15 expression, which rescues ML-162 induced ferroptosis.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that p53-mutant TNBC cells have unique survival pathways that can be effectively targeted. Our results illustrate the intrinsic vulnerability of p53-mutant TNBCs to ferroptosis and highlight GPX4 as a promising target for the precision treatment of p53-mutant TNBC.
Optimising Hybrid Asphalt Mixtures and Enhancing Prediction Models using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sani Wan Noor Hin Mior , Jaya Ramadhansyah Putra , Masri Khairil Azman , Al-Saffar Zaid Hazim , Hasan Mohd Rosli Mohd
Published: September 2024

Although waste materials in asphalt mixtures are promising in improving pavement performance, they have attracted considerable attention owing to ecological issues and the imperative for sustainable infrastructure. Thus, this article assessed the Marshall stability efficiency of hybrid asphalt mixtures containing palm oil fuel ash (POFA), garnet waste, and sawdust. Approximately 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% of hybrid materials by asphalt weight were employed to assess the conventional features of hybrid asphalt mixtures. A central composite design (CCD) within the response surface methodology (RSM) framework was also utilised to examine the impact of several hybrid materials on the mechanical features of hybrid asphalt mixtures. This process involved considering three input response variables (POFA, garnet waste, and sawdust contents), along with four Marshall stability parameters [stability, flow, bulk density, and void in total mix (VTM)]. Consequently, a substantial correlation was yielded between the hybrid asphalt mixture and hot mix asphalt features. The hybrid contents presented a notable effect on the performance of the hybrid asphalt mixture. Among the samples, the 6% hybrid asphalt mixture demonstrated superior stability, with a Marshall stability value of 22.33 kN. Substantial correlations in the quadratic model were also observed between hybrid asphalt content and the mechanical performance of the hybrid asphalt mixture. The optimal percentages for hybrid materials were then determined using numerical optimisation and the resulting quadratic model. These values were 6.5%, 7.3%, and 6.5% for POFA, garnet waste, and sawdust. Given that all responses yielded a percentage error below 5%, this model revealed strong agreement and effectiveness. Compared to the commercial asphalt modification in terms of Marshall stability, this study confirmed the excellent precision of the prediction model while demonstrating that the optimised hybrid content formulations were better at similar amounts.
Facile Sol-Gel Synthesis, Structural Properties, and Characterization of Copper Titanate-Based Double Perovskites Modified with Lanthanides.
Authors: Duran Sergio Eduardo Negrete , Leal Edgar Giovanny Villabona , Ojeda-Galván Hiram Joazet , Alanís-Pérez Javier , Quintana-Ruiz Mildred , Rodriguez-Vazquez Angel Gabriel , Navarro-Contreras Hugo Ricardo
Published: September 2024

In this work, a facile methodology was developed through a Sol-Gel process assisted by citric acid for the synthesis of mixed oxides Ln2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Er, Tm, and Yb), and Ce1/2Cu3Ti4O12. The XRD diffractograms refined by the Rietveld method allowed the identification of the phases present in the samples. Morphological determination by HRTEM showed the presence of crystallographic planes related to an adopted A type double perovskite structure, while STEM provided an elemental mapping of the synthetized nanocrystals. Through FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, the impact of calcination temperature on the structures was identified, pointing out changes in the vibrational modes corresponding to citrate ions and organic compounds, and showing the formation of modes related to metal-oxygen bonds. This study allowed us to conclude that the appropriate calcination temperature is 1070°C, producing predominantly 90% of the double perovskite structure in most of the sequence of lanthanides studied, and to propose the sol-gel methodology as a scalable and commercially convenient route to produce type A cation-ordered double perovskites Ln2/3Cu3Ti4O12. Through Raman spectroscopy, the characteristic vibrational modes of the Ln2/3Cu3Ti4O12 double perovskite structure were studied. DFT calculations were performed for the Ce1/2Cu3Ti4O12 compound to compare theory with experimental results. The optical characterization allowed the determination of the bandgap of the samples.
Assessing the Limitations of Relief-Based Algorithms in Detecting Higher-Order Interactions
Authors: Freda Philip J. , Ye Suyu , Zhang Robert , Moore Jason H. , Urbanowicz Ryan J.
Published: September 2024

Background: The investigation of epistasis becomes increasingly complex as more loci are considered due to the exponential expansion of possible interactions. Consequently, selecting key features that influence epistatic interactions is crucial for effective downstream analyses. Recognizing this challenge, this study investigates the efficiency of Relief-Based Algorithms (RBAs) in detecting higherorder epistatic interactions, which may be critical for understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits. RBAs are uniquely non-exhaustive, eliminating the need to construct features for every possible interaction and thus improving computational tractability. Motivated by previous research indicating that some RBAs rank predictive features involved in higher-order epistasis as highly negative, we explore the utility of absolute value ranking of RBA feature weights as an alternative method to capture complex interactions. We evaluate ReliefF, MultiSURF, and MultiSURFstar on simulated genetic datasets that model various patterns of genotype-phenotype associations, including 2-way to 5-way genetic interactions, and compare their performance to two control methods: a random shuffle and mutual information.
Results: Our findings indicate that while RBAs effectively identify lower-order (2 to 3-way) interactions, their capability to detect higher-order interactions is significantly limited, primarily by large feature count but also by signal noise. Specifically, we observe that RBAs are successful in detecting fully penetrant 4-way XOR interactions using an absolute value ranking approach, but this is restricted to datasets with a minimal number of total features.
Conclusions: These results highlight the inherent limitations of current RBAs and underscore the need for enhanced detection capabilities for the investigation of epistasis, particularly in datasets with large feature counts and complex higherorder interactions.
Unveiling anthropogenic disturbance effects on tropical tree communities: clade-based insights across elevations
Authors: Kamimura Vitor A. , Pinheiro Fábio , Neves Danilo Rafael Mesquita , Marcusso Gabriel Mendes , Sabino Gabriel Pavan , Assis Marco Antonio , Joly Carlos Alfredo , Loiola Priscilla P.
Published: September 2024

Community assemblies in tropical forests are influenced by both environmental filtering and anthropogenic disturbance processes, posing significant challenges in ecological research. We assessed the impact of selective logging on Atlantic tree communities at two elevational belts. Our study aimed to disentangle these complex effects, acknowledging that results can vary based on the clades used in the analyses. We performed analyses considering both species level and phylogenetic approaches, including or excluding tree ferns. Species and phylogenetic compositions changed at different elevations, depending on the clades used in analyses. The impact of selective logging was more pronounced in tree communities at lower elevations, indicating greater susceptibility to anthropogenic disturbances in these ranges. Additionally, tree species clades varied in their responses to environmental and anthropogenic filters, highlighting the importance of clade-specific characteristics in ecological studies. In general, we underscore the necessity for clade-specific analyses to enhance our understanding of community assembly processes and improve conservation strategies. By recognizing the differential responses of tree species clades, conservation efforts can be better tailored to address the unique challenges faced by different species and clades. This approach can contribute to more effective and sustainable management of tropical forest ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental and anthropogenic changes.
Synthesis of Dual-responsive CMC-based Nanogels for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Cai Yuanpeng , Li Danyang , Peng Shaohua , Liu Hui
Published: September 2024

Nanogels offered a large surface area for biological conjugation due to their nanoscale size, enabling prolonged circulation in the bloodstream and targeted delivery to specific tissues. CMC/POM nanogels composed of 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethyl methacrylate (MEO3MA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and natural biopolymer carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), were synthesized via free radical polymerization. The chemical structures of CMC/POM nanogels were characterized using several techniques and the response behaviors under temperature and pH variations were reflected by changes in turbidity and particle size. The results demonstrated that CMC/POM nanogels exhibited significant changes in particle size and turbidity around 38°C and under different pH conditions. Additionally, the unique microstructure of CMC/POM nanogels made them promising for drug delivery through injection therapy. Choosing doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug, the nanogels could achieve maximum drug loading content of 31.47% and drug loading efficiency of 62.93%. In vitro controlled drug releasing, the efficiency was up to 92.20% within 24 h at T = 45 ℃ & pH = 3.0. The cytotoxicity assays confirmed that CMC/POM nanogels possessed superior biocompatibility and drug-loaded CMC/POM nanogels effectively inhibited the activity of cancer cells. CMC/POM nanogels displayed remarkable potential as intelligent drug delivery systems and were expected to play an essential role in the field of anticancer therapies.
DNA barcode development based on chloroplast and ITS genes for species identification of endangered and threatened species of Western Ghats, India
Authors: Fatima Tanzeem , MN Srividya , MN Raj Kishore
Published: September 2024

Accurate identification is crucial for conserving species, especially in regions such as the Western Ghats, where trade poses a significant threat to endangered and threatened forest species. Traditional morphology-based identification can be challenging and time-consuming, leading to inaccuracies, especially with similar-looking species or dried specimens. Therefore, DNA barcoding offers a potent solution for precise species identification to address illicit trade and address impactful conservation measures. DNA barcoding is a taxonomic technique that uses standardized short DNA sequences to differentiate and classify species. This approach is especially valuable when morphological characteristics alone are insufficient for accurate species identification. In this study, we focused on the development of a DNA barcoding system for the efficient and accurate identification of threatened and endangered important forest species of Western Ghats Karnataka. To develop the DNA barcoding system, a multilocus approach utilizing sixteen standard DNA barcoding markers was used. A total of 47 threatened and endangered forest species from the Western Ghats were selected for this study. Using a larger number of markers to develop DNA barcodes led to the most precise species identification rates. Moreover, the wide availability of DNA barcode databases allows for quick and accurate species identification. In our study, we observed the highest amplification rates for rbcL1 (40 species), psbtrnH2 (36 species), and PsbA-trnH1 (33 species). DNA amplification varied from 11.76–94.11%. Notably, the highest DNA amplification rates were detected for A. wightii (94.11%) and A. hondala (92.34%), both of which belong to the Arecaceae and Passifloraceae families, respectively. Sequencing success rates ranged from 37.5–100%. This study will aid in the development of a database of available threatened forest species in western Ghats Karnataka and other regions.
The association between dietary acid load index with tumor stage and size, histological grade, Ki-67 marker, and the odds of breast cancer: A case-control study based on hospital evidence
Authors: Khodabakhshi Adele , Nasab Seyed Ali Razavi , Rafeeinia Arash , Hesami Saba , Bazyar Hadi , Aghamohammadi Vahideh
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Several observational and ecological studies have found a positive association between dietary acid load (DAL) and increased risk of chronic diseases. There is limited evidence suggesting that an acidic environment may promote the growth of certain cancer cells and tumors. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between the DAL and Pathobiological markers of BC and the risk of BC in Iranian women.
Methods and Materials:
In this hospital-based case-control study, 155 female BC patients confirmed by histopathology by a physician (cases) and 155 controls apparently healthy women (controls) were selected using convenience sampling. The DAL was measured based on a 168-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The odds of BC (95% CI) according to potential renal acid load (PRAL), net endogenous acid production (NEAP), and net acid excretion (NAE) quartiles compared to the reference (OR = 1) were measured using logistic regression, with adjustment of confounding.
Results
Using linear regression, no significant association was observed between the PRAL, NEAP, and NAE with pathobiological markers of breast cancer such as tumor size and Ki-67 marker (p > 0.05). Using multivariate logistic regression models, the Odds ratios (95%CI) of BC according to the quartile of the PRAL, NEAP, and NAE showed that All indices did not predict the risk of BC before and after adjustment (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
According to findings, DAL did not predict the risk of breast cancer. High-quality prospective studies are necessary to further specify the relationship between DAL and the risk of BC among the Iranian population.
Extremely rare frontal, temporal, and parietal giant cerebral hydatid cyst causing none communicating hydrocephalus a case report
Authors: Daniel Tigabu , woldegiorgis Tsegaye
Published: September 2024

Background: Hydatid disease is an animal illness that has been accidentally transmitted to humans. Humans become infected after consuming contaminated water or food, or via direct contact with canine feces. It is unusual to discover intracranial echynococosis. The therapy for an intracranial hydatid cyst is to perform a craniotomy and deliver the cyst intact, with concurrent pre and post-operative albendazole medication.
Case report: An eight-year-old child of Sidama ethnicity presented with a change in mentation and one week of projectile vomiting. She has left-extremity weakness, seizures, and a history of dog interaction. She was diagnosed with intracranial cerebral hydatid multiple cysts on the left cerebrum, which causes none communicating hydrocephalus. She was given oral albendazole, and an emergency base left craniotomy was performed, removing several cysts, daughter cysts, and some adhesions as intact cysts without rupture. Except for the power, all circumstances have improved dramatically. She was discharged with oral phenytoin, albendazole, and an appointment.
Conclusion: Intracranial hydatid cysts, notably frontal, temporal, and parietal, were highly unusual to occur. The mainstay of treatment is surgically removing a whole intact cyst and administering albendazole both before and after surgery.
Fortbildung im digitalen Zeitalter
Authors: Stricker Tobias , Heitz Markus
Published: September 2024

Welche Themen stellen sich Schulen im digitalen Zeitalter, wenn es um die Fortbildung der Mitarbeitenden im Kontext von Schulentwicklung geht? Ein Gespräch über Über- und Herausforderungen.
Zweisprachige Schulen aus der Perspektive der Schulentwicklung
Authors: Kerle Ursina , Todisco Vincenzo
Published: September 2024

Graubünden ist der einzige dreisprachige Kanton der Schweiz. Deutsch, Romanisch und Italienisch sind die entsprechenden Kantonsund Amtssprachen. Gemäß Strukturerhebung 2019 beträgt, gemessen an einer Gesamtbevölkerung von 195.830 Einwohnerinnen und Einwohnern, der Anteil jener Personen, die Deutsch als Hauptsprache angeben, 75,2 Prozent; 14,7 Prozent geben Rätoromanisch und 13,2 Prozent Italienisch an (Kanton Graubünden, Amt für Wirtschaft und Tourismus, 2021). Aufgrund seiner institutionellen Dreisprachigkeit sieht das Bündner Schulsystem drei Schultypen vor: die deutsch-, italienisch- und romanischsprachige Schule mit der entsprechenden Schulsprache und den jeweils unterschiedlichen Schul-, Zweit- und Fremdsprachen. Für romanischsprachige Schülerinnen und Schüler ist Deutsch eine Zweitsprache, weil sie auch außerhalb der Schule viel Kontakt zum Deutschen haben.
Omnichroma - A Single Shade Composite to Rule them all : A Case Series
Authors: THAKUR TANVI , DESAI PRATHMESH PRAKASH  , MINOCHA ANSHU , SINGH BHANU PRATAP
Published: September 2024

One of the most admired features of restorative materials is their aesthetics. Color matching between the resin composite and the teeth is the most aimed target by the patient to evaluate the quality of the treatment. With the advent of mono shade universal composites it is essential to deliver an esthetic restoration that symmetrically blends with the patient’s adjacent teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate color matching ability of mono- shade universal composite Omnichroma (TOKUYAMA)
An Innovative Approach in Complete Denture Design for Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patient: Case Report
Authors: Dr Vaishali Shrivastava  , Dr Sanjay kumar sharma  , Dr shraddha varshney  , Dr. Utkarsh Gupta
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT- The field of prosthodontics is not merely a scientific discipline; it is also an art that involves adeptly managing patients facing challenges in undergoing conventional impression procedures. One prevalent limitation arises from difficulties in mouth opening, which can be attributed to various factors such as fractures, trauma, oral submucous fibrosis, temporomandibular joint ankylosis, among others. This case report outlines an inventive approach encompassing primary impression, a sectional custom tray, sectional denture base, and the implementation of a "customized hinge" for a hinge denture. This innovative technique demonstrates the interdisciplinary nature of prosthodontics, where creative solutions are tailored to address the unique circumstances of each patient, ensuring effective and personalized dental care.
Surgical exposure of turner’s tooth and CBCT representation of inverted tooth: A case report
Authors: CHOUGAONKAR AKSHADA , MASIH UPDESH , SONI NIDHI , AYAZ BILAL
Published: September 2024

Enamel defects related to it’s thickness and quality are called hypoplasia, and they arise from disturbances in the enamel matrix development process. The possible developmental disruptions, which can range from mild changes in enamel mineralization to severe sequestration of the tooth germ, dilations of the crown or root, crown or root duplication, and complete or partial arrest of root formation, are explained by the topographic relationship between the primary tooth and the developing permanent tooth germ. Enamel in Turner's hypoplastic kinds might be shiny, rough, or pitted . It is extremely uncommon for permanent central incisor impaction and inversion to result from trauma, odontomas, and neighboring supernumerary teeth. Root development is restricted when incisors are displaced or impacted in the opposite direction. Dental radiographs and CBCT are used to assess the presence or absence of enamel thickening and inversion. This information is used not only for diagnosis but also to build the best possible treatment plan. Hence a case is presented of Turner’s hypoplasia and maxillary lateral incisor inversion in a 9 yr old female.
 
MESH- Turner’s Hypoplasia, Tooth inversion, CBCT, RVG
Incidence of Peri-implantitis and oral health related quality of life in patients rehabilitated with implants: A retrospective Study
Authors: Dr Muskan Agarwal
Published: September 2024

Background: Peri-implantitits, periodontal disease and bone loss are main complications of dental implant treatment that can impact the quality of life .
Aim: This study aimed to determine incidence of Peri-implantitis and oral health related quality of life in patients rehabilitated with Implants by means of a shortened 14-item questionnaire of Oral Health Impact Profile Index (OHIP-14).
Materials and Methods: Sixty number of patients was included in this study who were diagnosed with peri implantitis. The participants were assessed on the basis of response received in Oral Health Impact Profile Index(OHIP-14) questionnaire. OHIP-14 is a Likert-type questionnaire that uses a 5- point rating scale (0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = frequently and 4 = very often).
Results: A statistically significant correlation was noted between the Functional limitation domain with the psychological limitation and social limitation (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it was observed that quality of life has been compromised due to peri implantitis. Results also indicated that patients should take action to improve their oral health. Further longitudinal studies are needed to support our results and should include control groups that use conventional removable dentures.
Stress a determinant for bruxism in medical students-a qualitative and quantitative assessment.
Authors: Dhakar Neelam
Published: September 2024

Abstract-
Background-Bruxism is an oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic nonfunctional gnashing, grinding, or clenching of teeth, unlike chewing movements of the mandible, which may lead to occlusal trauma. There are many scientific reports about the coexistence of bruxism, stress.
Objective- the purpose of this study is to assess the development of symptoms of bruxism due to stress in medical students and to evaluate the correlation between occurrence of bruxism and perceived stress.
Methodology- A mixed method survey questionnaire was prepared regarding questions based on scientific evidence of co-relation between bruxism, stress and stress faced by medical students. This survey based questionnaire was circulated digitally pan India and the respondents were undergraduate, post graduate students and junior and senior residents from different medical institutions. Therefore a random sample of 300 participants was selected, and gender, age, stress factors specific results were derived.
 
Result- 14.7% of students are suffering from moderate bruxism and 85.3% of students suffering from severe bruxism due to stress.
The test result showed that stress was main factor affecting the habit of bruxism with chi square value 12.39 and p value is 0.006.
Conclusion- The study found that majority of the participating medical students reported to have bruxism majorly due to stress and Corelated variables majorly responsible for stress are large course of study, competition in this field, overthinking about the study related problems and uncertainty of result what is expected and do not feel happy with their own work performance.
The Essential Guide to Managing morphological oddity of Two-rooted Mandibular Premolar: A case report with review of 10 years incidence
Authors: Dua Rasleen , Gangwar Anshul , De Sriparna
Published: September 2024

Introduction- The root canal morphology of teeth is often extremely complex and highly variable. One such morphological oddity is the presence of two roots, with a reported incidence of 1.8%.
Case- A 16-year-old female patient complains of pain in the posterior left mandibular tooth for the past 2 weeks. After clinical, radiographic examination, and vitality testing, we diagnosed the patient with Acute apical periodontitis of tooth #34. It was decided to treat the left mandibular first premolar with two roots endodontically. The patient was reviewed after 1 month, 3 months, 6 months , 1 year and radiographs showed satisfactory healing.
 Conclusion- This case report details the endodontic management of a sparse case of mandibular first premolar with two roots and two canals, which ended with a favorable outcome due to the satisfactory execution of the preferred constituents.
Kondo breakdown in multi-orbital Anderson lattices induced by destructive hybridization interference
Authors: Eickhoff Fabian , Anders Frithjof
Published: September 2024

In this paper we consider a multi-band extension to the periodic Anderson model. We use a single site DMFT(NRG) in order to study the impact of the conduction band mediated effective hopping of the correlated electrons between the correlated orbitals onto the heavy Fermi-liquid formation. Whereas the hybridization of a single impurity model with two distinct conduction bands always adds up constructively, T_{K}\propto \exp(-\mathrm{const}\, U/(\Gamma_1+\Gamma_2))TK∝exp(−constU/(Γ1+Γ2)), we show that this does not have to be the case in lattice models, where, in remarkable contrast, also an low-energy Fermi-liquid scale T_0\propto \exp(-\mathrm{const}\, U/(\Gamma_1-\Gamma_2))T0∝exp(−constU/(Γ1−Γ2)) can emerge due to quantum interference effects in multi-band models, where UU denotes the local Coulomb matrix element of the correlated orbitals and \Gamma_iΓi the local hybridization strength of band ii. At high symmetry points, heavy Fermi-liquid formation is suppressed which is associated with a breakdown of the Kondo effect. This results in an asymptotically scale-invariant (i.e., power-law) spectrum of the correlated orbitals \propto|\omega|^{1/3}∝|ω|1/3, indicating non-Fermi liquid properties of the quantum critical point, and a small Fermi surface including only the light quasi-particles. This orbital selective Mott phase demonstrates the possibility of metallic local criticality within the general framework of ordinary single site DMFT.
Ethical imperatives in community engagement
Authors: Scheepers Jacqueline , Christopher Lloyd , Harrison Stephen
Published: September 2024

As the impetus for community engagement (CE) grows in higher education, it is imperative that such growth takes place within a sound ethical framework. While research-related ethics and norms are well developed, there is now a need for the development of ethical guidelines to underpin CE initiatives. We begin by framing the discussion of ethics within policy and theoretical frameworks underpinning CE in higher education in South Africa. Core concepts and values emerging from these frameworks, such as social responsibility, Ubuntu and interconnectedness, are important starting points for ethics in CE. As CE involves the exercising of leadership by universities and community partners, we explore key ethical concepts to underpin established frameworks for governance and leadership, such as the King IV report. We highlight core ethical principles such as sustainable development, integrity, and accountability. We further consider that value propositions must not narrowly focus on value to stakeholders, but also to broader systems. The discussion then narrows to the application of ethics to the specifics of CE. We apply the “four principles” of Beauchamp and Childress (non-maleficence, beneficence, justice, and autonomy), considering each of these principles in turn. We discuss their application in practical terms to university CE initiatives. Finally, we consider the way forward in relation to the integration of these ethical imperatives into higher education CE policies and processes. Recommendations include: the inclusion of ethical frameworks in CE policies of universities; the establishment of ethics committees/forums to guide CE; and the need to heighten ethical consciousness among CE practitioners.
Polymorphism of antioxidant defense genes as a predictor of unfavorable neurological outcomes in preterm children
Authors: Savchenko O. A. , Pavlinova E. B.
Published: September 2024

Currently, oxidative stress is considered as one of the most important factors in the pathogenesis of many pathological processes occurring in the newborn baby.

   Purpose. To establish the relationship of the polymorphism of genes, encoding antioxidant enzymes (glutamyl cysteine ligase, manganine superoxide dismutase) with unfavorable neurological outcomes in preterm children at various age periods.

   Material and methods. A prospective cohort continuous study included 151 preterm children, with a gestational age of 26–32 weeks and body weight of 590–1990 grams. Cord blood was sampled in children to determine allelic polymorphisms of 4 genetic markers: the SOD2 gene rs4880 (с.47C>Т, р.Ala16Val), the SOD2 gene rs1141718 (с.58T>C, р.Thr58Ile), the SOD2 gene rs11575993 (с.60С>Т, р.Leu58Phe), GCLC gene rs17883901 (с.–129 С>Т). The division of children into groups was carried out based on the assessment of neurological outcomes at the following control points: 1 control point — at the time of discharge from hospital, 2 control point — corrected age of 1 year of life, 3 control point — 4 years of life.

   Results. The cohort of children with unfavorable neurological outcomes was found to increase from 36.4 % at the time of hospital discharge to 70 % by the age of 4 years. Children who joined the cohort of children with unfavorable neurological outcomes at corrected age of 1 year of life were carriers of 47 CT of the gene of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) rs4880, and those, attached by 4 years of age, were carriers of heterozygous 129 CT genotype of the gene of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLC) rs17883901 and 47 CT mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) rs4880. Children with a favorable neurological outcome at corrected age of 1 year of life were more often diagnosed with homozygous 47 CC genotype of SOD2 rs4880 and 60 CC SOD2 rs11575993, and at the age of 4 years of life — with homozygous 129 CC genotype of GCLC rs17883901 gene and 47 TTSOD2 rs4880.

   Conclusion. The study of single nucleotide exchange in the antioxidant enzyme genes will establish the risk group of children exposed to free-radical injuries of CNS and begin neuroprotective therapy with the inclusion of antioxidant treatment.
Women in business: The impact of digital and financial literacy on female-owned small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Asandimitra Nadia , Kautsar Achmad , Tri Wijayati Dewie , Dwi Kusumawati Nunik , Uswatun Nihaya Ina
Published: September 2024

The growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) shows a positive trend and has even become a major highlight in the national economic landscape. Moreover, most of these businesses are owned by women. Examining how digital capability and financial literacy and a dynamic environment affect the success of female-owned small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia is the main goal of this study. Financial and digital capability are examined as mediators between performance and these factors. The study used a causal explanatory research approach. The data in this study were collected through questionnaires. This research surveyed 100 female-owned small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia’s food and beverage, herbal and pharmaceutical, fashion, and craft industries. Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was utilized in this work as an analytical tool. The study reveals that financial literacy significantly enhances SMEs` performance by improving resource management. However, a dynamic environment alone does not impact performance unless supported by other competencies. Financial competence does not strengthen the effect of financial literacy, indicating it may not be sufficient for success. Conversely, digital competence is crucial, mediating the relationship between a dynamic environment and SMEs` performance. Therefore, SMEs with strong digital skills are better positioned to adapt and thrive, making digital competence key to sustained business success.
Work dynamics in retail industry: Impact of work intensification, high-performance work systems, and emotional exhaustion
Authors: Widjaja William , Rahnjen Wijayadne Devi , Michael Michael
Published: September 2024

The retail industry has complex and demanding work dynamics. In this context, a deep understanding of the factors that influence employee performance is highly relevant to managing retail companies. This study examines the interrelationships among work intensification, high-performance work systems (HPWS), emotional exhaustion, employee creativity, and employee performance within the retail industry. This study used a survey approach with a quantitative methodology; data were gathered through questionnaire distribution to 235 retail employees across Jakarta, Indonesia, utilizing non-probability convenience sampling. Analysis was conducted using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) via the SmartPLS version 3.3.3 tool. Results revealed that work intensification significantly and positively influences HPWS and emotional exhaustion (p < 0.05). While HPWS exhibited no significant impact on employee creativity, emotional exhaustion had a significant and negative effect (p > 0.05). Furthermore, employee creativity demonstrated a significant positive effect on employee performance (p < 0.05). It was a significant mediator between emotional exhaustion and employee performance, though not between HPWS and employee performance (p < 0.05). The study underscores the intricate dynamics within the retail work environment, highlighting the intertwined roles of HPWS, emotional exhaustion, and employee creativity. Practical implications emphasize the necessity for effective management strategies to navigate work intensification and emotional exhaustion, ultimately enhancing employee performance. Notably, this paper offers a comprehensive analysis of factors shaping employee performance in the retail sector, emphasizing the pivotal significance of HPWS, emotional exhaustion, and employee creativity as interconnected components.
Climate change impact on hydropower generation and adaptation through reservoir operation in a Himalayan river, Tamor
Authors: Khatri Dickembs , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Lamsal Girish Raj , Baniya Rupesh
Published: September 2024

Integrated assessment of climate change impact and water resource development scenario is crucial for planning and management. In the Himalayan river basin, it is of utmost importance considering the vulnerability to climate change and the pace of water resource development. This study focused on Tamor river basin (TRB), investigating the impacts of climate change on the energy generation from hydropower projects and analyzes the adaptation through reservoir operation. Analyzing the three run-of-river (RoR) hydropower projects and a storage project, this study projects future energy generation. Results showed that RoR is highly susceptible to the impacts, demonstrated by significant reduction during pre-monsoon up to -53% and increment at annual scale up to 28%. In Tamor storage project, the particle-swarm optimization approach generated operational strategies according to altered streamflow conditions. This resulted in adaptation to the projected decrease in March-June flow through flexible operation rules, yielding positive impact on energy generation (up to +7.3% on an annual scale). The new set of rules will adapt to the flow deficit and increase the dry season flow downstream, almost by double than the historical baseline. This research highlights the significance of reservoir project and its optimized operation in effectively managing water under changing climate.