bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potensi Kurkumin Kombinasi Silibinin (Cur-Sil)-Loaded Nanopartikel Magnetik (Fe3O4) Termodifikasi [Poly(Ethyelene Caprolactone)-Poly(Ethyelene Glycol) (PCL-PEG)] Ko-polimer sebagai Inhibitor Gen Leptin dalam Tata Laksana Kanker Paru
Authors: Febriani Wisnawa Ayu Dilia
Published: March 2023

Pendahuluan: Kanker paru merupakan kanker dengan insiden paling tinggi dan menyebabkan mortalitas yang signifikan pada pria. Leptin, sitokin derivat adiposit, memainkan peran penting pada proses karsinogenesis kanker paru. Kurkumin dan silibinin adalah komponen herbal alami dengan karakteristik antikanker bersifat multitarget. Diskusi: Teknologi nanopartikel magnetik (Fe3O4) memiliki sifat super-paramagnetik yang unik, sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan untuk mencapai target spesifik. Nanopartikel magnetik dilapisi dengan kopolimer polyethylenecaprolactone-polyethylene glycol (PCL-PEG) untuk meningkatkan stabilitas dan mengeliminasi kemungkinan agregasi permukaan substansi kurkumin dan silibinin yang dilapisi nanopartikel. Substansi kurkumin dan silibinin dalam nanopartikel magnetik (Fe3O4) berbasis PCL-PEG termodifikasi digunakan sebagai inhibitor ekspresi leptin. Simpulan: Tinjauan pustaka menunjukkan berbagai manfaat farmakologi kurkumin dan silibinin ter-enkapsulasi nanopartikel magnetik berbasis kopolimer PCL-PEG termodifikasi sebagai inhibitor ekspresi leptin yang efektif tanpa toksisitas pada jaringan normal. Penemuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif tata laksana kanker paru di Indonesia.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the highest incidence of cancer and causes significant mortality in male. Leptin, an adipocyte derivative cytokine, plays a role in carcinogenesis in lung cancer. Curcumin (CUR) and silibinin (SIL) are natural herbal compounds with multitargeted anticancer properties. Discussion: Magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) technology has unique super-paramagnetic properties, increasing the ability to reach specific targets. Magnetic nanoparticles are coated with polyethylene-caprolactone-polyethylene glycol (PCL-PEG) copolymers to improve stability and to eliminate the possibility of surface aggregation of nanoparticles-load curcumin and silibinin substances. The modified PCLPEG-based magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) of curcumin and silibinin are used as inhibitors of leptin expression. Conclusion: Literature studies reveal various pharmacological advantages of curcumin and silibinin encapsulated with modified PCL-PEG copolymers magnetic nanoparticles as effective inhibitors in leptin expression without toxicity in normal tissue. It can be used as an alternative in lung cancer management in Indonesia.
Rekonstruksi Pectoralis Major Myocutaneuos Flap untuk Defek Operasi Kanker Tiroid
Authors: Oktahermoniza  , Suyuthie Heldrian Dwinanda , Oktavenra Ari , Nora Sondang , Khambri Daan , Harahap Wirsma Arif , Rustam Rony , Azamris
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Pembedahan kanker daerah kepala dan leher umumnya menimbulkan defek luas dan biasanya memerlukan flap. Meskipun free flap saat ini merupakan gold standard untuk rekonstruksi daerah kepala leher, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMC) masih digunakan. Kasus: Perempuan usia 47 tahun, dengan kanker tiroid papiler T4aN0M0 dengan ulserasi di kulit leher, menjalani tiroidektomi total dan defek operasi direkonstruksi dengan pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Hasil rekonstruksi dapat diterima secara fungsional dan estetik. Tidak ada komplikasi hematom ataupun abses post operasi. Simpulan: Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap masih merupakan salah satu metode utama untuk rekonstruksi operasi kepala leher dan dapat diterima secara fungsional dan estetik jika free flap tidak dapat dilakukan.

Background: Surgery for head and neck cancer generally leaves a wide defect that usually needed a flap. Although free flap is currently the gold standard for reconstruction of the head and neck, the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap is still popularly used. Case: A 47-year old female with thyroid carcinoma, underwent total thyroidectomy and the surgical defect was reconstructed with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. The results were viable, functional, and aesthetically acceptable. No postoperative complications such as hematoma or abscess observed. Conclusion: Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was still one of the main methods for head and neck reconstruction surgery.
Profil Penderita Morbus Hansen di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Bali Mandara Januari 2018-Desember 2020
Authors: Aviana Felicia , Birawan I Made , Sutrini Ni Nyoman Ayu
Published: March 2023

Morbus Hansen (MH) merupakan salah satu penyakit terabaikan dan masih sering dijumpai di negara tropis dan subtropis, termasuk di Indonesia yang menduduki peringkat ketiga di dunia. Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil penderita MH di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Bali Mandara periode Januari 2018-Desember 2020. Didapatkan 55 penderita MH dengan 492 (1,6%) kunjungan dari 30587 total kunjungan; terdiri dari 39 (71%) laki-laki dan 16 (29%) perempuan, terbanyak dari kelompok usia 25-44 tahun (45,5%). Berdasarkan tipe MH, didapatkan tipe multibasiler (MB) sebesar 92,7%. Berdasarkan reaksi MH, didapatkan 14,5% pasien dengan reaksi erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), tidak didapatkan pasien reaksi reversal. Mayoritas penderita MH di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Bali Mandara periode Januari 2018-Desember 2020 adalah laki-laki, kelompok usia 25-44 tahun, tipe multibasiler dengan reaksi erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL).

Morbus Hansen (MH) still becomes one of the neglected tropical diseases, including in Indonesia where the prevalence ranks third in the world. This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to describe the profile of MH patients at the Dernatovenerology Clinic, Bali Mandara General Hospital. There were 55 MH patients with 492 (1,6%) visits from 30587 total visits during January 2018-December 2020. This 55 MH patients consisted of 39 (71%) males dan 16 (29%) females, the dominant age group was 25-44 year-old (45,5%). Based on the type of MH, 92,7% were Multibacillary (MB) type reaction and 14,5% were erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reaction. The majority of MH patients at the Dermatovenerology Clinic, Bali Mandara General Hospital, were male, 25-44 year-old, multibacillary type with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reaction.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Fungsi Kognitif
Authors: Wijaya Vidya Gani , Wreksoatmodjo Budi Riyanto
Published: March 2023

Pasien COVID-19 memiliki gejala bervariasi. Saat ini, selain ditemukan gejala pada sistem pernapasan dan pencernaan, gejala di sistem organ lain pun mulai banyak ditemukan, salah satunya pada sistem saraf dengan gejala neurologis yang bervariasi seperti anosmia (sering), stroke, nyeri kepala, kejang, dan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tata laksana pasien dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif masih diteliti. Beberapa pilihan terapi di antaranya human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoid, dan terapi imun (IVIg) yang masih kontroversial.

COVID-19 patients have varied symptoms. At present, in addition to symptoms in the respiratory and digestive systems, symptoms in other organ systems have begun to be found, one of which is in the nervous system with various neurological symptoms such as anosmia (frequent), stroke, headaches, seizures, and decreased cognitive function. Management of patients with decreased cognitive function is still being studied. Several therapeutic options include human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoids, and immune therapy (IVIg), which are still controversial.
Erupsi Akneiformis dan Striae Distensiae setelah Terapi Kortikosteroid Sistemik untuk Nefritis Purpura Henoch-Schonlein
Authors: Hidajat Dedianto , Kurniawan Yudhi
Published: March 2023

Latar belakang: Terapi kortikosteroid sistemik jangka lama dan dosis tinggi pada purpura Henoch-Schonlein (PHS) dengan keterlibatan ginjal dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek samping, salah satunya efek dematologik. Kasus: Anak berusia 14 tahun dengan nefritis PHS mengalami erupsi akneiform/EA dan striae distensae/SD akibat pemberian kortikosteroid sistemik jangka panjang terkait pengobatan penyakitnya. Penatalaksanaan dengan doxycycline dan vitamin D3. Terapi topikal berupa perawatan wajah, pemberian kombinasi benzoyl peroxide 5% dan clindamycin 1,2% pada area lesi di wajah dan dada, dan krim pelembap serta krim tretinoin 0,1% untuk lesi striae. Simpulan: Efek samping kortikosteroid sistemik pada kulit seperti EA dan SD merupakan masalah tersendiri; penghentian obat yang dicurigai merupakan pilihan utama.

Background: Long term and high doses of systemic corticosteroid therapy for Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) with kidney’s involvement can cause various side effects, one of which is dermatologic. Case: A 14-year-old boy with HSP nephritis developed acneiform eruption (AE) and striae distensae (SD) due to long-term administration of systemic corticosteroids for treatment of his disease. The management is with systemic doxycycline and vitamin D3. Topical therapy with a combination of facial care and combination of topical 5% benzoyl peroxide and 1.2% clindamycin twice a day for face and chest lesion, and moisturizing cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream for striae lesions. Conclusion: Side effects of systemic corticosteroids on the skin such as AE and SD should be managed properly; discontinuation of the suspected drug is the main option.
Potensi Candesartan dalam Terapi COVID 19
Authors: Handoko Amelia , Mahardhika Gembong Satria , Zain Haidar
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) akibat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) menyebabkan kerusakan paru dan mortalitas bagi penderitanya. Di awal pandemi COVID-19, penggunaan obat antihipertensi RAS blocker diduga berperan dalam keluaran yang kurang baik pada pasien COVID-19 dengan hipertensi karena secara teoritis akan meningkatkan ekspresi ACE2 dan memperbanyak jalan masuk virus ke dalam organ. Beberapa penelitian terkini menyatakan sebaliknya. Studi preliminary menunjukkan penurunan mortalitas dan luaran kritis pasien dengan terapi ARB. Candesartan dalam studi in-vitro dapat mengurangi badai sitokin pada COVID-19 dan berpotensi mengurangi efek destruktif lain dari infeksi SARS-CoV-2. Candesartan dapat menekan inflamasi berlebih dan mengurangi stres oksidatif, sehingga berpotensi bermanfaat dalam terapi infeksi akut SARS-CoV-2. Candesartan juga bermanfaat mengurangi komplikasi jangka panjang, bermanfaat untuk fungsi paru dan organ-organ lainnya.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes lung damage and mortality. At early COVID-19 pandemic stage, use of RAS blocker as antihypertensive drugs was discouraged because it potentially increases the expression of ACE2, therefore increase viral entry into organs. Nevertheless, recent researches suggests otherwise. Preliminary studies has shown reduction in mortality and critical outcomes of patients with ARB therapy. Candesartan in-vitro wasable to reduce cytokine storm in COVID-19 and potentially reduce other destructive effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection by surpressing excessive inflammation and reducing oxidative stress; potentially benefits acute treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Candesartan also play a role in reducing long-term complications of the disease, improving lung function as well as other organs.
Fibroid Uterus dan Infertilitas
Authors: Hartoyo Arif Tantri , Pangastuti Nuring
Published: March 2023

Fibroid uterus (mioma atau leiomioma) adalah tumor monoklonal jinak sel otot polos rahim manusia. Fibroid merupakan tumor uterus yang paling umum dijumpai pada kelompok usia reproduksi. Keberadaannya dapat tanpa gejala, bergejala ringan hingga berat. Faktor risiko fibroid termasuk usia, ras, faktor hormon endogen ataupun eksogen, obesitas, infeksi rahim, serta gaya hidup (diet, konsumsi kafein dan alkohol, aktivitas fisik, stres, merokok). Klasifikasi fibroid mengikuti panduan FIGO untuk leiomioma. Diagnosis berdasarkan tanda dan gejala, pemeriksaan fisik dan penunjang. Fibroid dapat merupakan faktor terjadinya infertilitas antara lain melalui jalur perubahan fisik dan kontraksi uterus, perubahan faktor implantasi, ataupun zona junctional endometrium.

Uterine fibroids (myoma or leiomyoma) are benign monoclonal tumors of smooth muscle cells in the human uterus. Fibroids are the most common uterine tumors in reproductive age group. It can be without symptoms or with mild to severe symptoms. Risk factors include age, race, endogenous and exogenous hormone factors, obesity, uterine infections, and lifestyle (diet, consumption of caffeine and alcohol, physical activity, stress, smoking). Its classification follows the FIGO sub-classification system for leiomyomas. Diagnosis is from clinical findings and supporting additional examination. Fibroids can affect fertility through physical changes and uterine contractions, changes in implantation factors and the junctional zone of the endometrium.
Syzygium aromaticum (Ekstrak Cengkeh) sebagai Terapi Tambahan Kasus Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Authors: Agnes Leoni
Published: March 2023

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) atau creeping eruption adalah lesi kulit disebabkan invasi larva filariformis spesies Ancylostoma braziliensis atau Ancylostoma caninum dari kucing atau anjing. Dilaporkan satu kasus CLM pada perempuan usia 46 tahun. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, didapatkan papul eritema multipel serpiginosa pada bokong kanan yang gatal, nyeri, dan panas. Diberikan terapi albendazole tablet 1 x 400 mg/hari selama 3 hari, cetirizine tablet 1 x 10 mg/hari, dan minyak Syzygium aromaticum (ekstrak cengkeh) yang dioleskan pada daerah lesi 1 kali sehari selama 6 hari. Pada terapi hari keenam, pasien mengalami perbaikan klinis.

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a cutaneous lesion caused by invasion filariform larvae of Ancylostoma braziliensis or Ancylostoma caninum species from cats or dogs. A 46-year-old female presented with very itchy, painful serpiginous lesions with hyperemic papules on right buttock area. She was treated with oral albendazole 400 mg once daily for 3 days, oral cetirizine 10 mg once daily, and Syzygium aromaticum (clove extract) oil applied to the lesion area once daily for 6 days. On the sixth day of therapy, patient showed clinical improvement.
Pilihan Pengobatan Sistemik pada Psoriasis
Authors: Nitiyoso Nugroho
Published: March 2023

Psoriasis adalah salah salah satu penyakit autoimun dengan prevalensi tinggi. Gejala dan tanda psoriasis sangat bervariasi mulai dari ruam kulit kecil sampai luas, nyeri sendi, bahkan komorbiditas sistemik. Pengobatan psoriasis perlu disesuaikan, serta mempertimbangkan efikasi, keamanan, dan kenyamanan pasien. Apabila pengobatan topikal tidak berhasil, dapat dipertimbangkan pengobatan sistemik. Artikel ini akan membahas kelebihan dan keterbatasan pilihan-pilihan pengobatan sistemik untuk psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease with a high prevalence. Symptoms and signs of psoriasis vary widely from small to extensive skin rashes, joint pain, and even systemic comorbidities. Treatment need to be tailored to each patient’s needs, also to efficacy, safety, and patient’s comfort. Systemic treatment could be considered if topical treatment is unsuccessful. This article will discuss the advantages and limitations of systemic treatment options in psoriasis.
Kastrasi Kimia dalam Manajemen Kejahatan Seksual terhadap Anak: Tinjauan Medis
Authors: William
Published: March 2023

Kejahatan seksual terhadap anak merupakan pelanggaran hukum serius dan kasusnya terus bertambah. Kadar testosteron yang tinggi diduga berkontribusi pada kasus kejahatan seksual; sehingga selain harus dipidana sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku, pelaku juga perlu ditatalaksana dari sisi medis. Salah satu alternatif terapi medis yang dapat dipertimbangkan adalah kastrasi kimia, yaitu supresi libido pelaku menggunakan agen kimia. Studi menunjukkan bahwa kastrasi kimia 80-90% efektif mencegah pelaku menjadi residivis. Meskipun penerapannya masih dilematis, kastrasi kimia dapat menjadi pilihan yang efektif apabila sesuai indikasi.

Sexual assault against children is serious violation of law and cases continue to escalate. High testosterone levels are thought to contribute to the rise in crime rates. In line with the existing regulations, the perpetrators need to be treated from a medical perspective. An alternative medical therapy is chemical castration, using chemical agents to suppress libido. Studies show that chemical castration is 80-90% effective in preventing offenders from becoming recidivist. Although its application is still dilemmatic, chemical castration can be an effective option if properly indicated.
Fatigue sebagai Gejala Sisa COVID-19
Authors: Gladiola Brigitta , Wreksoatmodjo Budi Riyanto
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit akibat infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Dewasa ini, makin banyak penelitian menunjukkan adanya gejala menetap pasca-infeksi COVID-19. Prevalensi pasien pasca-COVID-19 yang memiliki gejala fatigue pada 1-3 bulan pasca-infeksi mencapai 52-70%. Beberapa teori mekanisme fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19 antara lain teori disfungsi hipotalamus dan teori GABA. Tata laksana pasien pasca-infeksi COVID-19 dengan gejala fatigue masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Beberapa anjuran intervensi yaitu berolahraga, terapi mindfulness, latihan pernapasan, serta peregangan tubuh/stretching. Sampai saat ini, belum ada tata laksana berbasis bukti ilmiah untuk mengatasi gejala fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19.

COVID-19 is an infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is an increasing data on the clinical manifestations of post COVID-19. Around 52-70% individuals recovering from COVID-19 complains of fatigue. Two leading theories of its mechanisms include hypothalamus dysfunction theory and GABA theory. More studies are needed to fully understand the mechanism of post COVID-19 fatigue. There is no specific treatment available, but some interventions such as exercise, mindfulness therapy, and body stretching can be used to ease post COVID-19 fatigue.
Peranan Suplemen dalam Tata Laksana Infertilitas
Authors: Brenda C. Josephine Herwita Atepela
Published: March 2023

Infertilitas adalah tidak terjadinya kehamilan setelah 12 bulan menjalani hubungan seksual rutin tanpa proteksi atau kontrasepsi. Infertilitas memiliki dampak buruk baik secara pribadi maupun sosial karena meningkatkan angka kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, perceraian, stres emosional, dan rendahnya kepercayaan diri. Infertilitas dapat disebabkan oleh faktor pria ataupun wanita. Suplementasi antioksidan dan mikronutrien banyak diteliti untuk meningkatkan fertilitas baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan mengurangi stres oksidatif dan meningkatkan fungsi reproduksi.

Infertility defined as the absence of pregnancy after 12 months of routine sexual intercourse without protection or contraception. Infertility has devastating effects both personally and socially by increasing incidence of domestic violence, divorce, emotional stress, and low self-esteem. Infertility can be caused by either male or female factors. Antioxidant and micronutrient supplementation has been widely studied to increase fertility directly and indirectly by reducing oxidative stress and improving reproductive function
Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Ruptur Kandung Kemih
Authors: Singgih Nicholas Andrian
Published: March 2023

Ruptur kandung kemih merupakan kegawatdaruratan di bidang urologi yang jarang. Evaluasi klinis yang tepat dan pemeriksaan radiologi memiliki peranan penting dalam diagnosis. Penatalaksanaan yang terlambat dan tidak tepat akan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup hingga peningkatan mortalitas.

Bladder rupture is a rare urologic emergency. Relevant clinical evaluation and radiological examination are important in diagnosis. Late and inappropriate management may decrease quality of life, and also may increase mortality
Peran Pemeriksaan Radiologi pada Penanganan Kegawatdaruratan Pneumothorax Sekunder pada Pneumonia COVID-19
Authors: Liusen Jessieca
Published: March 2023

Pneumothorax pada COVID-19 memerlukan penanganan segera untuk mencegah mortalitas dan morbiditas. Pencitraan radiologi foto polos thorax dan CT (computed tomography) scan thorax merupakan modalitas imaging yang sering digunakan untuk deteksi dini COVID-19 beserta pneumothorax. Pemasangan chest tube menjadi pilihan untuk penanganan pneumothorax pada COVID-19. Pleurodesis dan bulektomi merupakan alternatif tindakan pembedahan definitif pada pneumothorax refrakter atau persisten.

Pneumothorax in COVID-19 patient needed to be immediately managed. Plain thorax radiographs and CT scan thorax were the main imaging modalities for diagnosis. Chest tube insertion is the gold standard for management. Pleurodesis or bullectomy are an alternative surgery method to relieve recurrent pneumothorax or persistent pneumothorax.
Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Miksoma Jantung
Authors: Puspaseruni Karina
Published: March 2023

Miksoma jantung merupakan tumor jantung primer jinak yang paling umum. Meskipun secara histologis bersifat jinak, namun dapat berpotensi terjadinya emboli sistemik dan serebral, bahkan berpotensi menyebabkan kematian mendadak. Karena kasus miksoma jantung merupakan kasus langka dan jarang dikenali, diagnosis awalnya sering keliru.

Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign primary cardiac tumor. Although cardiac myxomas are histologically benign, it can be very life-threatening owing to the potential of systemic and cerebral embolization, causing sudden cardiac death. Due to the rarity and consequent unfamiliarity, cardiac myxomas are sometimes misdiagnosed.
Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Authors: Susanto Prayogi Miura
Published: March 2023

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) merupakan penyakit kulit autoimun kronik-residif akibat proses sekunder hipersensitivitas terhadap gluten. Kejadian DH tinggi pada populasi dengan predisposisi genetik HLA-DQ2 atau DQ8. Manifestasi klinis DH berupa lesi polimorfik ruam papulo-vesikular atau papul-eskoriasi didominasi rasa gatal. Baku emas diagnosis DH adalah pada pemeriksaan DIF didapatkan deposit imunoglobulin (Ig)-A granular di stratum papila dermis. Diet bebas gluten merupakan tata laksana utama. Dapson menjadi obat pilihan pertama. Prognosis baik dengan diagnosis dan tata laksana yang tepat.

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic-recurrent autoimmune skin disease caused by secondary hypersensitivity to gluten. The incidence of DH is high in population with genetic predisposition to HLA-DQ2 or DQ8. Clinical manifestations of DH are polymorphic lesions, papulo-vesicular rash or papules-excoriations, dominated by itching. The gold standard for diagnosis is the presence of granular immunoglobulin (Ig)-A deposits in the stratum papilla dermis on DIF examination. A gluten-free diet is the mainstay of treatment. Dapsone is the drug of choice. Prognosis is good with proper diagnosis and treatment.
Soft Tissue Release for Neglected Clubfoot: One-year Clinical Outcome
Authors: Albar Husnul Fuad
Published: March 2023

Background. Neglected clubfoot is the most common congenital problem leading to locomotor disability. Eighty percent children with clubfoot deformity are born in developing world and the majority do not have access to appropriate medical care. The severity of clubfoot may be assessed with a variety of methods; i.e Pirani scoring system. This study use Pirani scoring system to evaluate the clinical outcome of neglected clubfoot patients one year after soft tissue release. Method. A study of 17 patients who underwent soft tissue release in Harapan Hospital a year before. We compare Pirani score before and one year after soft tissue release. Other data submitted are age, reason of delayed treatment, term of prosthesis, and complication after surgery. Result. The 17 patients were 10 females and 7 males; the average age was 69.06 ± 49.15 months old. Deformity in left foot was in 13 feet (59.1%) and right foot was in 9 feet (40.9%). The average total Pirani Score before soft tissue release is 5.43 ± 1.03 and one year after soft tissue release is 0.30 ± 0.40, p<0.0001 (p<0.05). This result shows significant improvement one year after soft tissue release. Conclusion. Soft tissue release for neglected clubfoot resulted in significant Pirani score improvement after one year.

Latar Belakang. Neglected clubfoot merupakan masalah kongenital yang paling sering menyebabkan disabilitas lokomotor. Tingkat keparahan clubfoot dapat ditentukan dengan beberapa metode, antara lain sistem skor Pirani. Salah satu tata laksana neglected clubfoot adalah soft tissue release. Studi ini mengevaluasi keluaran klinis pasien neglected clubfoot menggunakan sistem skor Pirani satu tahun setelah soft tissue release. Metode. Studi pada 17 pasien yang telah menjalani soft tissue release satu tahun yang lalu. Skor Pirani sebelum dan satu tahun setelah soft tissue release dibandingkan. Data lain meliputi usia, alasan terlambatnya tata laksana, prosthesis yang digunakan, serta komplikasi pasca-operasi. Hasil. Rata-rata pasien berusia 69,06 ± 49,15 bulan, 10 perempuan dan 7 laki-laki. Sejumlah 13 deformitas didapatkan pada kaki kiri (59,1%), 9 deformitas pada kaki kanan (40,9%). Rata-rata skor Pirani sebelum soft tissue release adalah 5,43 ± 1,03, sedangkan rata-rata skor Pirani satu tahun setelah soft tissue release adalah 0,30 ± 0,40. Hasil ini menggambarkan peningkatan signifikan skor Pirani (p < 0,0001). Simpulan. Keluaran klinis pasien neglected clubfoot dinilai menggunakan skor Pirani meningkat signifikan satu tahun setelah soft tissue release.
Suplementasi Vitamin D pada Bayi Prematur
Authors: Corona Fidel , Fitriyani Nur , Michael
Published: March 2023

Vitamin D merupakan mikronutrien yang berperan dalam sistem imun, penyerapan kalsium, dan pembentukan tulang, sehingga dibutuhkan pada segala usia. Defisiensi vitamin D pada ibu hamil sering terjadi dan berkaitan dengan infeksi neonatus, mortalitas, dan morbiditas pada bayi prematur mengingat janin mendapat vitamin D sepenuhnya dari ibu. Prematuritas, nutrisi buruk, dan kurangnya paparan terhadap sinar matahari dapat meningkatkan risiko defisiensi vitamin D. Kebanyakan pedoman merekomendasikan asupan vitamin D 400 hingga 1.000 IU setiap hari untuk kesehatan tulang pada bayi prematur dengan perhatian khusus pada gangguan hati atau ginjal. Vitamin D dapat diberikan secara tetes, fortifikasi ASI, atau melalui susu formula. Belum ada data perlunya pemeriksaan rutin kadar 25-hidroksivitamin D.

Vitamin D is a micronutrient with a role in the immune system, calcium absorption, and bone formation. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is common and associated with neonatal infection, mortality, and morbidity in premature infants as a fetus gets vitamin D entirely from the mother. Short gestational age, poor nutrition, and lack of exposure to sunlight during hospitalization may contribute to an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Most guidelines recommend vitamin D 400 to 1.000 IU daily intake for bone health in preterms with special attention in preterms with liver or kidney disorders. Vitamin D may be given via drops, breast milk fortification, or formula milk. There are no data regarding the necessity of routine testing for 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.
Tinjauan atas Gangguan Tingkah Laku pada Anak
Authors: Marcel Irvin
Published: March 2023

Tingkah laku menantang dan sulit mengendalikan emosi, hilang kesabaran, merusak properti, dan penipuan/pencurian pada anak-anak prasekolah sering dianggap sebagai tingkah laku normal, sehingga sulit diketahui tingkat prevalensinya. Tingkah laku seperti menantang lebih mungkin dikenali sebagai “masalah” dibandingkan “gangguan” selama 2 tahun pertama kehidupan. Banyak dokter sulit membedakan antara perkembangan emosi normal (misalnya, ketakutan, menangis) dari tekanan emosional berat berkepanjangan.

Behaviors such as defiance, loss of temper, damaging property, and fraud/theft in preschool children are often considered as normal behaviors so their prevalence is difficult to be predicted. Challenging behaviors and difficulty to control emotions are more likely to be recognized as “problems” than “disorders” during the first 2 years of life. Many doctors feel difficult to distinguish normal developmental emotions (eg, fear, crying) from prolonged severe emotional distress.
Vitamin D dan Kalsium untuk Pencegahan Fraktur pada Usia Lanjut
Authors: Widianto Thio Kevin Yonathan , Dwimartutie Noto
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Fraktur pada usia lanjut berhubungan dengan peningkatan angka hospitalisasi, disabilitas, penurunan status fungsional, dan kematian. Oleh karena itu, fraktur pada usia lanjut masih menjadi suatu masalah kesehatan global yang cukup signifikan. Suplementasi vitamin D dan kalsium dapat menurunkan risiko fraktur, walaupun bukti-bukti yang ada masih inkonklusif. Tujuan: Mengumpulkan dan menganalisis studi-studi yang berkaitan dengan kombinasi suplementasi vitamin D dan kalsium serta hubungannya dengan risiko kejadian fraktur pada usia lanjut. Metode: Kami menelusuri database Pubmed, Proquest, EBSCOhost, dan Cochrane untuk mencari dan menganalisis studi terkait dalam bentuk randomized controlled trial (RCT) atau tinjauan sistematis dengan atau tanpa meta-analisis. Hasil: Didapatkan dan dipilih 2 artikel tinjauan sistematis dengan meta-analisis pada akhir pencarian literatur. Kedua studi menunjukkan hasil signifikan pemberian vitamin D dan kalsium dibandingkan plasebo/tanpa intervensi terhadap risiko fraktur secara umum (RR 0,74; 95%KI 0,58-0,94 dan RR 0,94; 95%KI 0,89-0,99) dan risiko fraktur tulang pinggul (RR 0,61; 95%KI 0,4-0,92 dan RR 0,84; 95%KI 0,72-0,97) pada usia lanjut. Simpulan: Suplementasi vitamin D dengan kalsium memiliki potensi menurunkan risiko fraktur pada usia lanjut. Studi dengan skala lebih besar mengenai dosis optimal dan keamanan masih diperlukan untuk mendapatkan bukti yang lebih kuat.

Background: Fractures in older adults are associated with hospitalization, disability, functional decline, and mortality. It becomes an important public health problem. Combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation could decrease the risk of fracture, although recent evidence shows conflicting results. Aim: To collect and analyze studies related with combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation and its impact on fracture risk in older adults. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, Proquest, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane based on clinical query. Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses were screened and critically appraised. Results: Two meta-analyses were obtained. The two studies showed that vitamin D and calcium supplementation, compared to placebo or no treatment, decreased risk of any fracture (RR 0.74, 95%CI 0.58-0.94 dan RR 0.94, 95%CI 0.89-0.99) and risk of hip fractures (RR 0.61, 95%CI 0.4-0.92 dan RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.72-0.97) significantly in older adults. Conclusion: Combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation in older adults decreases risk of fractures. Further studies on optimal dose and safety profiles are needed to ensure stronger evidence.
Karakteristik Penyakit Infeksi Kulit di Poliklinik Klinik Pratama Panti Siwi Jember, Januari 2018–Desember 2020
Authors: Lidjaja Lifesia Natali
Published: March 2023

Pendahuluan. Penyakit infeksi kulit dapat disebabkan oleh virus, bakteri, jamur, ataupun parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penyakit infeksi kulit di poliklinik Klinik Pratama Panti Siwi Jember, Indonesia. Metode. Penelitian retrospektif deskriptif menggunakan catatan medik pasien poliklinik Klinik Pratama Panti Siwi Jember periode Januari 2018 – Desember 2020. Hasil. Tercatat 133 (51,7%) penderita penyakit kulit akibat infeksi dari 257 penderita penyakit kulit yang berobat di poliklinik Klinik Pratama Panti Siwi Jember. Infeksi virus sebanyak 64 kasus (48,1%), infeksi bakteri sebanyak 55 kasus (41,4%), infeksi jamur superfisial sebanyak 4 kasus (3%), dan infeksi parasit sebanyak 10 kasus (7,5%). Simpulan. Infeksi virus yang paling banyak ditemukan di antara kasus infeksi kulit, diikuti infeksi bakteri, infeksi parasit, dan infeksi jamur.

Introduction: Infection of skin can be caused by virus, bacteria, fungi, and parasite. The purpose of the research is to study the characteristics of skin infection in Panti Siwi Jember Primary Clinic, Indonesia. Method: A retrospective descriptive study using medical records of Panti Siwi Jember Primary Clinic patients from January 2018 – December 2020. Results: Among 257 total patients in Panti Siwi Jember Primary Clinic, 133 (51.7%) were diagnosed with skin infections. Sixty four (48.1%) patients were diagnosed with viral infection, 55 (41.4%) patients with bacterial infection, 4 (3%) patients with superficial fungal infection, and 10 (7.5%) patients with parasitic infection. Conclusion: Viral infections were the most frequent among all skin infection cases.
Terapi Hiperosmolar dalam Tata Laksana Cedera Otak Traumatis
Authors: Susanto Martin
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Cedera otak traumatis merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian dan kecacatan tertinggi di dunia. Angka mortalitas pasien cedera kepala dengan tekanan intrakranial di bawah 20 mmHg adalah 18,4%, sedangkan angka mortalitas setinggi 55,6% dilaporkan pada pasien dengan tekanan intrakranial melebihi 40 mmHg. Terapi hiperosmolar dengan manitol atau saline hipertonis merupakan tata laksana medis utama untuk menangani peningkatan intrakranial akibat cedera otak traumatis. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitas kedua terapi hiperosmolar tersebut dalam tata laksana cedera otak traumatis. Metode: Penelitian ekstensif dilakukan pada database PubMed, DOAJ, dan Cochrane dengan kriteria inklusi publikasi dalam dua puluh tahun terakhir. Artikel penelitian dalam bentuk meta-analisis, uji klinis, dan uji acak terkontrol lebih diutamakan. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pernyataan tidak jelas, korelasi yang tidak relevan dengan topik utama, atau fokus pada penyakit lain. Hasil: Sebelas penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas saline hipertonis sebanding dengan manitol, enam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saline hipertonis lebih unggul. Simpulan: Saline hipertonis layak dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif untuk manitol, direkomendasikan untuk pasien dengan hipovolemia, hiponatremia, atau gagal ginjal. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mendapatkan dosis terapi dan konsentrasi saline hipertonis yang optimal.

 

Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Mortality rate of head injuries with intracranial pressure below 20 mmHg was reported 18.4%, whereas those with intracranial pressure more than 40 mmHg had a 55.6% mortality rate. Hyperosmolar therapy with mannitol or hypertonic saline is the mainstay of medical management for treating elevated intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury. This systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness of these two hyperosmolar therapies in the management of traumatic brain injury. Methods: The PubMed, DOAJ, and Cochrane databases were used to perform extensive study, with the inclusion criteria of publications in the last twenty years. Meta-analyses, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials were included. Unclear statements, irrelevant correlation with the main topic, or focusing more on other diseases were the exclusion criteria. Results: Eleven researches stated that the effectiveness of mannitol and hypertonic saline are comparable, six researches showed that hypertonic saline was better. Conclusion: Hypertonic saline should be considered as a preferable alternative to mannitol, recommended for patients with hypovolemia, hyponatremia, or renal failure. Further studies are required to find the optimal therapeutic dose and concentration of hypertonic saline.
Tinjauan Atas Efikasi Asam Traneksamat Oral untuk Terapi Melasma
Authors: Nur Triyanti Marinda
Published: March 2023

Melasma adalah kondisi hipermelanosit didapat berupa makula tidak merata yang umumnya simetris. Kondisi ini biasanya terlokalisasi dan bersifat kronik-residif. Di antara banyak faktor kausatif yang berperan pada patogenesis melasma, salah satu yang dianggap penting adalah paparan sinar UV pada kulit. Pengobatan melasma penuh tantangan karena sering rekuren. Asam traneksamat adalah plasmin inhibitor yang melalui sistem plasmin-aktivator plasminogen berperan mencegah induksi pigmentasi oleh radiasi UV. Artikel ini bertujuan meninjau efikasi asam traneksamat oral pada terapi melasma.

 

Melasma is an acquired hypermelanocyte condition; generally localized, symmetrical in regular macules form, and chronic-recidive. Many causative factors may play role in the pathogenesis of melasma, one that is considered important is UV exposure. Despite several treatments available, recurrences are common. Tranexamic acid as plasmin inhibitor acts mainly via the plasminogen activator-plasmin system to prevent UV radiation-induced pigmentation. This review discuss the efficacy of oral tranexamic acid for melasma treatment.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SHORT ANIMATION VIDEO ON STUDENTS’ VOCABUARY MASTERY
Authors: Agustin Wa Ode Fifin Dwi , Dunifa La , Syafitri Nining
Published: March 2023

The problem in this research was whether there was a significant difference on students’ vocabulary mastery before and after the application of short animation video? The objective of the research was to determine the effectiveness of using short animation video on students’ vocabulary mastery. This research uses a pre-experimental method. The subject of the research consisted of 26 students of class VII at SMPN 7 Baubau. This research was one group pretest-posttest. The procedure of the research consisted of three steps. They were pretest, treatment, and posttest. The data was collected by using the test which was analyzed by quantitative analysis.  The research outcome indicated that: 1) the mean value of the pretest was 44.12 and the mean score of the posttest was 68.85. 2) from the hypothesis result by using the t-test, obtained tcount was  4.564, and the sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 smaller than  0.05, so that, Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. it meant that there was a significant difference on students' vocabulary mastery before and after the application of the short animation video. Therefore, teaching vocabulary in SMPN 7 Baubau by using short animation video was effective.
Adenocarcinoma de endometrio: una forma inusual de comportamiento, a propósito de un caso.
Authors: Nanetti Silvana , García de Barriola Victoria
Published: March 2023

Resumen: De las neoplasias ginecológicas, el cáncer de endometrio es uno de los más comunes, siendo el cuarto cáncer ginecológico más común en los Estados Unidos. Según las características morfológicas, histológicas y de proliferación, se ha clasificado en dos tipos, reconociéndose el Carcinoma tipo I (más común en un 80% de los casos) y el Carcinoma tipo II. Dentro del tipo II se encuentra el subtipo seroso, con peor pronóstico debido a su tendencia a la exfoliación y por ende mayor diseminación. La clasificación molecular incluye cuatro subtipos de carcinoma de endometrio y los cataloga en base a riesgos de recurrencia. El cáncer de endometrio puede propagarse por extensión directa a sus estructuras adyacentes, como lo son las trompas y ovarios, diseminación linfática y hematógena. Presentamos el caso de paciente femenino de 48 años de edad, quien acudió a consulta médica  por sangrado anormal a través de genitales y aumento de circunferencia abdominal. Posterior a estudios imagenológicos se planificó resolución quirúrgica, la cual ocurrió en julio de 2020 en la cual se evidenció carcinomatosis intraabdominal. Fue ingresada en la institución en  (Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad) donde se realizaron diversos estudios, incluyendo anatomía patológica e inmunohistoquímica, cuyos hallazgos fueron compatibles con adenocarcinoma poco diferenciado de origen endometrial, metastásico. El diagnóstico diferencial por el patrón sólido presentado y la información clínica de un cuello uterino irregular a la colposcopia, incluyó el Carcinoma de células escamosas poco diferenciado.
Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds Subjected to Industrial Treatment Before and After Storage
Authors: Pereira Renata C. , Silva Breno G. , Braccini Alessandro L. , Pelloso Murilo F. , Costa Rafaela T. , Pegoraro Julia M. , Borges Yana M.
Published: March 2023

This research work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds subjected to different chemical treatments, before and after seed treatment, throughout conventional storage. A completely randomized design was adopted, with 4 replications, in which the treatments were arranged in a 2 × 7 × 6 factorial scheme (time of treatment (before and after) × industrial seed treatment (IST) × storage period (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days). For each IST, the specific volume of slurry was 0, 700, 900, 1400, 900, 1100 and 1600 100 kg-1 of seeds, respectively. A total of 2.5 kg of seeds, cultivar BMX Alvo RR, were used. After being treated, the seeds were placed in kraft paper bags and stored at controlled temperature and humidity in a cold chamber. Their physiological quality was evaluated after each storage period using standard germination test, first germination count, emergence speed index, final emergence in sand substrate, accelerated aging, radicle length, shoot length, and whole seedling length. Their physiological quality was reduced in treatments with higher volumes of slurry. Deleterious effects on vigor were observed with increasing storage period, both before and after IST. After seed treatment, the mean of the analyzed variables was considered higher, compared to the time prior to seed treatment.
Isolation of Rhizobia From the Nodules of Bambara Groundnuts for Inoculant Production
Authors: Imoro Abdul-Wahab M. , Pobee Jonas , Akabanda Fortune
Published: March 2023

Rhizobia symbiotic interactions with legumes fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil, which is essential in amending the characteristically low-nitrogen soils in most farming communities in northern Ghana. A high potential for improvement of Bambara groundnuts production in low-nitrogen soils is by the exploitation of colonization of the plant roots with rhizobial inoculation. This experiment sought to isolate Legume Nodulating Bacteria (LNB) obtained from root nodules of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) plants and to identify effective strains for improved production of the crop. Roots nodules of Bambara plants used in this study were obtained from preserved plants and the isolates were authenticated for their symbiotic effectiveness under screen house conditions. Nodulation of the isolates was examined in plastic pots containing sterile river sand and test crop (Bambara seeds). The experiment included reference strains, a positive nitrogen control and an un-inoculated control. The results were obtained after two months of data collection. The difference in results was explained via nodulation capacity. Out of the two isolates obtained, 2CL showed a high nodulation capability, rating it as highly effective. The outcome of this study provides stakeholders with the prospect for the use of effective isolates as inoculants to improve Bambara groundnut yield in general and in northern Ghana in particular.
Influence of Glufosinate Rate, Ammonium Sulfate, and Weed Height on Annual Broadleaf Weed Control
Authors: Duenk Emily , Soltani Nader , Miller Robert T. , Hooker David C. , Robinson Darren E. , Sikkema Peter H.
Published: March 2023

Weed control efficacy with contact herbicides can depend on weed height at application. Four field experiments were conducted at sites with multiple weed species at different heights to determine the effect of weed height, glufosinate rate, and the addition of ammonium sulfate (AMS) on annual broadleaf weed control in soybean in southwestern Ontario, Canada, during 2021 and 2022. Glufosinate was applied at 300 or 500 g ai ha-1 without or with 6.50 L ha-1 of AMS to 5, 10, and 15 cm tall common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Glufosinate provided excellent common ragweed control (> 98%) at both rates, without and with AMS, and at all three heights 4 weeks application (WAA). In contrast, glufosinate efficacy declined when applied to common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, and redroot pigweed > 5 cm in height. The addition of AMS to glufosinate improved common lambsquarters control. Increasing the rate of glufosinate to 500 g ai ha-1 and the addition of AMS improved control of velvetleaf and redroot pigweed. The results of this study demonstrate that the effect of glufosinate rate, AMS addition, and weed height at application timing is weed species-specific. In general, glufosinate (300 g ai ha-1) controlled common annual broadleaf weeds if weeds were < 5 cm in height; otherwise, glufosinate needed to be applied at 500 g ai ha-1 with AMS for control of annual broadleaf weeds, especially common lambsquarters, velvetleaf and redroot pigweed. 
CORRELATION OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN ORGANS WITH
HUMAN TRAFFICKING: CHALLENGES OF INTERNATIONAL
LAW AND ORDER AT THE CROSSROADS OF CRIME AND
HUMANISM / ՄԱՐԴՈՒ ՕՐԳԱՆՆԵՐԻ ԱՆՕՐԻՆԱԿԱՆ ՇՐՋԱՆԱՌՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐԱԿՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՄԱՐԴԿԱՆՑ ԱՌԵՎՏՐԻ ՀԵՏ. ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՐԳԻ ԱՇԽԱՐՀԱՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՄԱՐՏԱՀՐԱՎԵՐՆԵՐԸ ՀԱՆՑԱՎՈՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԵՎ ՄԱՐԴԱՍԻՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԽԱՉՄԵՐՈՒԿՈՒՄ
Authors: KHACHATRYAN ASHOT
Published: March 2023

The Article is dedicated to the study of research problem
regarding human organs. Taking organs from human is of particular
importance as a form of “using human beings”. However, it is a
fundamental component of such a complex and serious crime as the
illegal circulation of those organs (human organ, body part, tissues
and cells); which is being characterized not only by a higher degree
of public danger, but also is more hidden crime (latent) in terms of
disclosure.
In this context, the author believes that in the conditions of rapid
growth of information infrastructures and biomedicine, as well as
active improvement of modern technologies, there is a need to create
a doctrine of international law in the framework of the relationship
between humanitarianism and crime, which is related to considering
the taking of human organs for transplantation as a component of
humanitarianism, and trafficking in human organs as an object of
transplant commercialism.
Designing for Connectivity: Rethinking the Interaction with the Built Environment and Wireless Communication Infrastructure
Authors: Savic Selena
Published: March 2023

In this article, we present research on the design of buildings that respond to the performance of wireless networks by use of different materials and human-building interfaces. We discuss the way buildings accommodate propagation of wireless signals and different techniques to make this propagation more relevant to the use and experience of space. Early ubiquitous computing research proposed seamful design of interfaces and services as a way to promote embodied interaction and agency of the user. Contemporary approach to the design of seams aims to promote legibility of interactions with infrastructures. These interactions include connection, use, and quantification of wireless network performance. We review the work in architectural design that specifically addresses building permeability to electromagnetic radiation. We also examine electrical engineering research that explores the development and possible uses of frequency-selective surfaces in buildings. As a result, we make two proposals for the use of wireless networking infrastructure to promote location aware services and the design of connectivity-selective interiors. These proposals incite the rethinking of design and interaction with the built environment in terms of communication infrastructure that it relies on.