bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axillary artery loop interposition graft (AALG) as unusual access for hemodialysis
Authors: Fareed Abdelmieniem , Zaid Nehad , Alkhateep Yahia M.
Published: November 2017

Background: Life expectancy of end stage renal disease patients continues to lengthen and with the limited durability of vascular accesses, repeat fistula construction at different levels of the upper limb is often necessary and leads ultimately to exhaustion of autogenous vascular access sites. Our experience with alternative vascular access procedures namely the arterio-arterial loop graft in the first part of axillary artery was presented in this study.Methods: From June 2013 to Aug 2017, arterio-arterial interposition loop graft procedures (AALG) for vascular access were performed in 15 patients with end-stage renal disease. Inclusion criteria were patients with unsuitable large deep veins or with cardiac insufficiency intolerable to high-flow arterio-venous fistula.Results: The achieved primary and secondary patency was 73.3 % and 86.6% at 1 year and 53.3 % and 66.7 % at 3 years. Severe infection in whole graft occurred in two patients (13.3%) after 11, 27 months. One patient died six months after operation due to unrelated cause. two patients had pseudoaneurysms after 20 and 28 months at sites of repetitive needle puncture and were treated successfully by segmental replacement.Conclusions: In selected cases and with proper indication the AALG can offer efficient alternative for vascular hemodialysis access and can improve the survival rate of such patients.
A study of hematological parameters and requirement of platelet transfusion in dengue fever
Authors: L. S. Yashaswini , . Priya
Published: November 2017

Background: Dengue is a common vector-borne disease in India with significant morbidity & mortality. Thrombocytopenia is a common complication in dengue. Bleeding manifestations in dengue put an immense pressure on both patients and treating physicians. There are no clear guidelines for transfusion of platelets in bleeding patients and role of Platelet transfusion in this condition is a bit controversial.Methods: It was an observational study done at Sree Rajarajeswari medical college and hospital between 1st May and 31st July 2016. Total of 100 dengue-positive cases were studied with respect to clinical features, laboratory parameters and requirement of platelet transfusion.Results: Majority of patients were males and in the age group 21-30 years. Fever was present in all cases, with a mean of 3-6 days duration. Epistaxis was the most common bleeding manifestation (43%), Malena being the least (3%). Leucopenia was observed in 52% patients. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 89% of admitted patients and 38% among them had raised aPTT. 53%of patients in our study received platelet transfusion.Conclusions: Bleeding manifestations have no significant association with severity of platelet count. Severe leucopenia is associated with thrombocytopenia. There is no need of platelet-transfusion in all patients with thrombocytopenia with minor bleeds.
A study on the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding obesity among engineering college students
Authors: M. Jagadeesan , Karthik S. Prasanna , R. Kannan , Bibiana C. Immaculate , N. Kanchan , J. Siddharthan , M. Vinitha
Published: November 2017

Background: Obesity is one of the most prevalent form of malnutrition in both developed and developing countries and affecting both children as well as adults. Obesity is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. It is also an important risk factor in the natural history of certain chronic non-communicable diseases. Strategies for preventing obesity offer a cost-effective approach in preventing chronic non-communicable diseases. Awareness level is the basic necessity to effect a change in behavior. The objectives of the study were to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding obesity among students of an engineering college.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross sectional type carried out among students of an engineering college in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study was carried out on 240 students of the engineering college after obtaining proper informed consent. The KAP parameters were assessed using pretested structured questionnaire and physical examination for anthropometry to measure BMI was done.Results: 58.3% of the study group were males. It was found that 61% of the participants had normal BMI range and 20% fell above the range of normal BMI (i.e. ≥25) and the remaining were underweight (19%). Among the overweight and obese individuals 54.16% were males and 45.83% were females. 54.16% of the students had knowledge that they were entering into obesity and the rest felt they were normal. 73% had the belief that exercise would help in overcoming obesity. It was found that 70% of them were able to exercise but did not have a regular routine. More alarmingly 89.5% of the students did not take any steps to overcome obesity.Conclusions: The study provides the information that the participant had good knowledge and attitude regarding obesity but failed in practicing necessary measures to control and prevent it. Health education, frequent monitoring and conducting interventional programs among students would be vital.
Resilencia educativa: identificación de aspectos asociados a la permanencia estudiantil
Authors: Osorio Jaramillo Liliana del Rocío , Ramos Erika Johanna , Walteros Diana Patricia
Published: November 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los aspectos asociados a la permanencia estudiantil como resultado de la conducta resiliente en un grupo de estudiantes de educación superior. Se espera ampliar el conocimiento en torno a la permanencia estudiantil como resultado de la evolución de los estudios sobre deserción. Participaron 20 estudiantes de los niveles tecnológico, profesional y maestría, quienes fueron identificados como resilientes. Se hizo uso del método de la Teoría Anclada o Grounded Theory y, a partir de la información recogida por medio de grupos focales, se identificaron dos súper familias o categorías, denominadas Impulsores y Frenos de la permanencia; estas agrupan en sí mismas los aspectos que potencializan o desestimulan la permanencia de los estudiantes desde la perspectiva de la resiliencia. Simultáneamente, estas categorías se clasificaron de acuerdo a cuatro fuentes identificadas: Institución Educativa (I), Persona (P), Empresa (E) y Familia (F). Finalmente, se identificaron 21 aspectos que, en forma coherente con el modelo interaccionista, se asocian a la resilencia educativa y promueven la permanencia estudiantil en Educación Superior.
Uma Teoria “Dinâmica” do Direito Natural
Authors: Alves Jaiza Sammara de Araujo , Rodrigues Géssika Priscilla Castro
Published: November 2017

ORIGINALKELSEN, Hans. O Que é Justiça. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2001.
Alimentação complementar e ingestão de alimentos industrializados em crianças menores de três anos
Authors: Sombra Priscila Viana , Sampaio Rafaella Maria Monteiro , Silva Francisco Régis , Pinto Francisco José Maia
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Analisar a introdução da alimentação complementar e a ingestão de alimentos industrializados em crianças menores de três anos. Método: Estudo transversal com 60 crianças (de quatro a 36 meses) de escolas, cujas mães foram entrevistadas sobre a introdução da alimentação complementar e o consumo de alimentos industrializados. Aplicou-se um questionário que abordou informações sobre os hábitos alimentares, como o consumo, a frequência, a idade da introdução da alimentação complementar e consumo de produtos industrializados. Resultados: Das crianças avaliadas, 10% começaram outro tipo de alimentação antes do quarto mês de vida. O maior motivo que fez com que as mães retirassem a amamentação exclusiva foi o fato de terem que voltar ao trabalho. Dos alimentos industrializados, o iogurte (38,3%) foi o mais consumido pelas crianças, devido a sua praticidade. Conclusões: As mães ainda são leigas em informações sobre a hora e os alimentos corretos que devem ser ofertados após os seis meses de vida. Cabendo ao nutricionista e ao pediatra, que acompanham a criança, conscientizar as mães sobre a importância de uma alimentação complementar adequada.
Municipios y gobierno abierto, más allá del gobierno electrónico
Authors: Cruz Meléndez Christian , Zamudio Vázquez Ayesha
Published: November 2017

El propósito de este artículo es analizar al gobierno electrónico y al gobierno abierto como herramientas para el fortalecimiento de los municipios. Se hace un análisis conceptual de ambos términos, para comprender a qué nos referimos y por qué se proponen para beneficio de los gobiernos municipales; también se revisa la evolución que ambos han tenido en México, y, por último, qué hay en los gobiernos municipales sobre estos temas, y cómo contribuyen a que el municipio asuma sus responsabilidades, como la institución de gobierno más cercana a la población.
Effective Taxation Mechanism and Profitability in Fuel and Energy Industry: Case Study of Selected Oil and Gas Companies in Uzbekistan
Authors: Jalilov Sherzod
Published: November 2017

Fuel and energy industry rules one of the well-positioned markets in the world economy which supplies planet’s most needed and limited resources with evergrowing demands. Being a marketable supplier and leading movement of large flows of capital requires being surely treated as a leading investor, employer, and taxpayer. Taxation of fuel and energy industry, especially oil and gas industry has been an irreplaceable source of revenue for oil and gas exporting economies. New taxation rules, methods, and types have been regularly introduced to keep an optimal balance between government and company to keep both fiscal and corporate stability. However, taxation always does not stimulate corporate stability and in most cases hinders expansion. Changes in taxation directly effect in profitability and perspectives of the company. This paper examined the impact of taxation on the profitability of oil and gas companies in Uzbekistan. Model-based analysis proved that tax factors negatively influenced the profitability of selected oil and gas companies.
A Study on Social Capital Concept, Development and Importance
Authors: Taşdemir Derya Çevik , Bahar Ayşe Düriye , Çayırağası Filiz
Published: November 2017

The concept of social capital, which has risen since the 1990s, has an important place both in the sociological framework and in the sustainable economic frame. In this context, the concept of social capital, which is so wide, examines the concept of social capital at different times, different people, different areas of life, school education, operational efficiency, social environment, political environment. In this study, the concept of social capital and the development of the concept of social capital will be discussed. The opinions of Bourdieu, Coleman and Putnam, which are the three big names in this area, are included in the concept of social capital concept, and it is envisaged to keep the future bright.
The Influence of the World Architecture Development on Architecture Development in Medan City
Authors: Pane Imam Faisal , Loebis Moehammed Nawawiy , Azhari Ichwan , Hamid Bauni , Harisdani Devin Defriza
Published: November 2017

Architecture is one proof of the development of human civilization that has changed related to the circumstances at that time. The development of human civilization cannot be separated from the supported development of the culture. In other words, architecture which is born in one place is a cultural manifestation in that place. Along with that, the development of architecture is also filled with influences which come into the specific region or an area and give different color so that it is created a building with an architecture that is different from other places. This influence will not necessarily be present but it is a long process and gives the characters on the place. In this paper, it will be described the existence of architectural influences from the outside come in and give a touch to the developing architecture in the city of Medan. This influence is most obvious in the colonial government era that does a lot of development in various cities in Indonesia. With a qualitative approach then it explores the phenomenon of the architectural development in the city of Medan to see the architectural influences that come into the city of Medan.
Evaluation of the department of Earth sciences and universe through teachers
Authors: Chakib Abdellatif , Zahour Ghalem , Talbi Mohammed , Sayad Ahmed
Published: November 2017

In this study, we are interested in the evaluation of the department of the Earth Sciences and Universe (Science de la Terre & l'Univers - STU), Faculty of Science Ben MSik, Casablanca, Morocco, through teachers of the department of Geology.The accomplishment of this work passes through an evaluation that was carried out firstly through a satisfaction survey and secondly, a questionnaire containing questions related to the profile of the teachers, program and educational strategies of discipline offering training to the level of Bachelor. We used Sphinx software to analyze the data through the application, namely, flat table, the crossing of the questions and the specifications table. The goal is to evaluate training within the department of STU in quality and quantity.  This research allowed us to identify many problems of the students who enrolled in this department.In other words these results are response elements that would help improve the teaching-learning of the STU field.

Keywords: Evaluation, STU, survey, questionnaire, teachers, Morocco.
TOXICITY STUDY OF PARE LEAF EXTRACTS (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA) TO CULEX PIPIENS MOSQUITO LARVAE
Authors: Annisa Rahmi , Amir Muhammad , Kuncoro Hadi
Published: November 2017

This study aims to determine the yield, toxicity, and toxic concentration of crude extracts of ethanol, n-hexane fraction extract, ethyl acetate fraction extract and n-butanol fractions extract pare leaf (Momordica charantiaL.) larvae Culex pipiens. The method used to determine the toxicity of extract larvasida test larvae Culex pipiens to obtain the LC99 values obtained using the analysis of Reed and Muench. Extraction and fractionation processis known to yield a ethanol crude extract obtained 8.86%, n-hexane fraction extract of 1%, ethyl acetate fraction extract 1.80% and n-butanol fractions extract of 0.80% and the toxicity obtained test results that pare leaf (Momordica charantia L.) have the potential toxicity larvae larvae of Culex pipiens as indicated by the value by Lethality Concrentation 99 % (LC99) in the crude extract ethanol 7416.52  ppm, n-hexane fraction extract of 2564.48 ppm, ethyl acetate fraction extract 2702.09 ppm and n-butanol fractions extract of 2665.63 ppm.

 

Keywords: Pare leaf (Momordica charantia L.), toxicity, larvae Culex pipiens
PHARMACIST COUNSELING EFFECT TO THE LEVEL OF PATIENT KNOWLEDGE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN “KIMIA FARMA KAWI” PHARMACY, MALANG CITY
Authors: Hakim Abdul , Atmaja Ria Ramadhani Dwi , Sugihantoro Hajar , Mufidah Fahda Dina
Published: November 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a carbohydrates, fats, protein metabolism disorder that caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin disruption or both. Diabetes mellitus sufferer need a special care to make the blood glucose level always in normal condition and no complications in various organs. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is inception of disease begins with development of key metabolic abnormality, insulin resistance. Causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus is obesity, age over 40, lifesyle, genetic suscetibility. Pharmacist counseling to the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus is very important because it can improve patient knowledge, patient compliance to the treatment and the quality of patients life. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of counseling by pharmacists to the level of patient’s knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus in “Kimia Farma Kawi” Pharmacy, Malang City.

This research is a quantitative study with Pre-Experimental design in the form of pretest – post-test design. Number of samples was taken during one month by using consecutive sampling method. The result of this study was using through Wilcoxon test that there was difference of value before and after the pharmacist counseling the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with significance value equal to 0.000 (p value <0,05). The conclusion of this research is the pharmacist counseling can improve patient knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

 
Keywords : pharmacist counseling, knowledge, type 2 diabetes mellitus 
A Rare Case of Chin Cutaneous Metastasis from Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Bladder in a Patient who Underwent Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Luca Giliberto Giovanni
Published: November 2017

Facial cutaneous metastasis from primary bladder cancers is very rare and they are usually associated with poor prognosis. In literature, very few cases of cutaneous metastasis from urothelial malignancies are reported but we did not find any case of bladder cancer metastases localised to chin; usually cutaneous metastasis from bladder are localised in chest or scrotal skin. We report a 66 years-old patient affected by transitional muscle-invasive cell cancer of bladder who underwent radical cystectomy and who developed in two months after operation a skin lesion localised to chin. Clinical stage of bladder cancer was cT2 NO M0; the patient was studied before operation through total body CT-scan, TB bone-scan negative for metastasis. The patient was totally asymptomatic and he had a good performance status. We discuss the need to have suspicion in presence of cutaneous lesions, apparently benign, in a patient affected by malignancy in order to start quickly a proper treatment.
Relationship between Peripheral Blood Parameters and Stage and Grade of Disease in Patients with Urothelial Cancer of the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Alabdou Bashar
Published: November 2017

Various researchers reported relationships between peripheral blood parameters and different solid tumors stage and prognosis. The current study aims to assess the relationship between peripheral blood parameters and stage and grade of disease in patients with urothelial cancer ofthe urinary bladder
Selective Laser Sintering of Porous Silica Enabled by Carbon Additive
Authors: Chang Shuai , Li Liqun , Lu Li , Fuh Jerry Y.H.
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of a freeform fabrication of porous ceramic parts through selective laser sintering (SLS). SLS was proposed to manufacture ceramic green parts because this additive manufacturing technique can be used to fabricate three-dimensional objects directly without a mold, and the technique has the capability of generating porous ceramics with controlled porosity. However, ceramic printing has yet fully achieved its 3D fabrication capabilities without using polymer binder. Except for the limitation of high melting point, brittleness and low thermal shock resistance from instinct ceramic material properties, the key hurdle lies on very poor absorptivity of oxide ceramics to fiber laser which is widely installed in the commercial SLS equipment. An alternative solution to overcome the poor laser absorptivity via improving material compositions was presented in this study. The positive effect of carbon additive on the absorptivity of silica powder to fiber laser will be discussed. To investigate the capabilities of the SLS process, 3D porous silica structures were successfully prepared and characterized.
Academic Advising and Maintaining Major: Is There a Relation?
Authors: Jaradat Maram S. , Mustafa Mohammad B.
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of academic advising on changing or maintaining majors in university degrees. It is also a goal of the study to determine which semester of the course study is most likely or less likely witness the change of major and whether advising contributes to that change. Through this correlational study, the researchers explored students’ perceptions about the academic advising they received and the relationship of its absence on students’ major change. The participants were 1725 undergraduate students from all year levels. One survey is used to collect the data for this study: Influences on Choice of Major Survey. Based on the findings, it is found that university advisors have a very poor effect on students' decisions to select their majors as 45.6% of the 1725 participants indicate NO influence of advising in their survey answers. Whereas career advancement opportunities, students' interests, and job opportunities indicate a strong effect on their majors’ selections as they score the highest means of 3.76, 3.73, 3.64 respectively. In addition, findings show that students are most likely changing their majors in their second year and specifically in the second semester. Second year major change scored 36.9% in the second semester and 30.9% in the first semester. More importantly, results indicate that there is a positive significant correlation between college advisor and change major in the second year (p = 0.000). It is to researchers understanding based on the findings that when students receive enough academic advising in the first year of study and continues steadily to the next year, the possibilities of students changing their majors decreases greatly.
The Generating Function of the Catalan Numbers and Lower Triangular Integer Matrices
Authors: Qi Feng , Qin Xiao-Long , Yao Yong-Hong
Published: November 2017

In the paper, by the Faά di Bruno formula, several identities for the Bell polynomials of the second kind, and an inversion theorem, the authors simplify coefficients of two families of nonlinear ordinary differential equations for the generating function of the Catalan numbers and discover inverses of fifteen closely related lower triangular integer matrices.
On Spatial Relations for Non-small Cells Lungs Cancer Interpretation
Authors: Salamat Nadeem , Prasath V. B. Surya , Saad Missen Malik M.
Published: November 2017

Computers and artificial intelligence affect every field of life nowadays. In medical image interpretation automatic decision making using algorithms are used increasingly in every sub-field and computer aided diagnosis (CAD) is one of the main tools available to medical science today. CAD systems are used as an augmented option for both the medical practitioner and the patients, with image analysis and interpretation being of primary importance. In particular, spatial relations are used in knowledge representation, and these relations can be used for effective medical image interpretation. In this paper, we put forth an algorithm for defining non-small cells lungs cancer (NSCLC) stages in lungs images interpretation using topological spatial relations. We show an application case study in event motion predictions for lung cancer staging scoring - tumor, nodes and metastasis (TNM) - with combined topological and directional relations.
The Industry of the Future: What Does It Look Like?
Authors: Whitfield Stephen
Published: November 2017

As new technologies, environmental concerns, and consumer priorities disrupt the status quo of energy operations, industry has begun to rethink how it must proceed in order to remain as vital to global development in the future as it is today. But what does rethinking entail? Does the industry need to transition much to adapt to a new reality, or will success in the future be a simple matter of changing perceptions? How much will industry need to continue leveraging innovative technologies to survive in the future? Those questions have been at the forefront of several discussions held in recent months.

In September, Baker Botts and the Center for Energy Studies at Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy hosted its Global Energy Transitions Summit. The summit described a vision of an energy industry in flux. Panels of industry executives examined how economics, policy, and technology will drive change across energy markets. 

At one of the panels from the summit, Deborah Byers, managing partner of Ernst and Young’s (EY) Houston office, described the energy company of the future as energy “reimagined” in three dimensions: future demand, the future of operations, and the future of the workforce. US shale production has spearheaded a global abundance of natural gas. Byers said that any ramp up of demand of natural gas will come from the low cost of supply.

However, as developing countries have industrialized, she said industry has seen strong advancement in efficiencies, whether it’s lighter materials for products or greater conservation of natural resources. A greater focus on efficiency, which may manifest in less fuel-dependent technologies and stricter climate policies, may lead to a de coupling of energy intensity that affects how industry proceeds in the future.

“Natural gas is so abundant and so cheap, and it can be landed in Asia at very competitive prices,” Byers said. “It’s about advances in material technology, material sciences, and then distributive power is a big item that I think could decrease demand. Those are some of the things that we think about and then wonder, how could we look at our organizations and overlay everything?”
Q&A: An Interview With Ecuador's Minister of Hydrocarbons Carlos Pérez Garcia
Authors: Garcia Carlos Pérez
Published: November 2017

Q&A

On a recent official visit to the United States, Ecuador’s Minister of Hydrocarbons Carlos Pérez Garcia was interviewed by JPT Features Editor Joel Parshall. Pérez was appointed to his position in May. Over the previous year, he was the owner and general manager of PEMEC Energy Consultants in Quito, Ecuador. From 1999 to 2016, Pérez held various positions at Halliburton, including geographic integration manager, new ventures advisor, Ecuador senior country manager, and human resources manager. Previously, he worked at Schlumberger and NASA. Pérez has also served as president of the SPE Ecuador Section. The following transcript of the interview has been lightly edited for length and clarity.

Oil is critical to Ecuador, given the amount of national export income and government revenue that the oil industry generates. What are the biggest needs of your upstream sector?

Mainly we’re looking for private investment for companies to come in and develop additional resources and infrastructure for the industry. So that is part of the agenda of this trip to interest companies in going into the country and investing in areas. We want to diversify our portfolio a little bit because we’re nowadays a little heavily loaded toward the Chinese investment, and we would like to see additional investment from US companies in the country.

Are there specific technology needs in upstream that would especially benefit Ecuador?

Yes. One of the things that we are looking for is IOR [improved oil recovery] and EOR [enhanced oil recovery] technology to be implemented. Our fields are starting to require secondary and tertiary recovery, so we need to increase our recovery factor. Some of them have been producing for over 40 years.

And in addition to that, something that the country has very little experience in is the fracturing business. And there are companies, such as the major service companies—especially in the US—with quite a bit of experience in that area. So we’re looking at tapping into that type of knowledge. We’ve done a few things here with good results, and I think that if companies come in with that expertise, certainly it will help.

Ecuador’s known hydrocarbons in place are essentially conventional resources. Are you mostly interested in fracturing to develop those or to start unconventional development?

We want to apply fracturing in existing fields. There are certain fields where we have tight limestones where we require that type of work. We have not looked at unconventionals yet. I’m pretty sure that there are some, but it’s not our primary area of interest.
Technology Focus: Water Management (December 2017)
Authors: Ali Syed A.
Published: November 2017

Technology Focus

Understanding and prioritizing water management is key for exploration-and-production operators, not only in terms of reducing overall cost and capital expenditures but also as a means of mitigating operational risk, complying with changing regulatory requirements, and addressing environmental concerns. Water-management decisions within shale oil and gas production fall into three primary categories: water acquisition, water usage within hydraulic-fracturing operations, and the disposal of produced and flowback waters from drilling and production. Shale-fracturing flowback refers to the portion of injected hydraulic-fracturing fluids that returns to the surface before and during initial production. The large quantities of flowback and formation water generated during the fracturing process must be treated before recycling, beneficial reuse, or disposal. Typically, 10–20% returns within 7–14 days, with a rapid decline in quality and quantity. Shale produced water typically refers to water produced during the production phase of the shale wells in the longer term and has significantly lower flow rates and more-consistent quality than flowback water. The characteristics of produced and flowback water vary, but both types of water must be treated properly and disposed of correctly or recycled.

Numerous technologies are available today to enable complete or tailored removal of ionic, organic, and particulate contaminants from source waters for injection or produced waters for discharge.

From fine-particle filtration to remove suspended solids and selective-ion exchange for boron removal to polymeric adsorbents for organic-compound removal, numerous water-management solutions are available to ensure that flowback water and produced water are treated properly for recycling, reuse, or disposal.

The papers featured in this month deal with water management in south Argentina, a salt-tolerant friction reducer, and a novel water-shutoff system for carbonates. I hope you enjoy reading the selected papers.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

IPTC 18936 Integrated-Water-Management Challenges by H. Al-Shammari, Kuwait Oil Company, et al.

SPE 183340 Innovative Approach To Treat Produced Water for Reuse in Saudi Aramco Reservoirs Pressure Maintenance by Mohamed Ahmed Soliman, Saudi Aramco, et al.

SPE 183743 Maintaining Injectivity of Disposal Wells: From Water Quality to Formation Permeability by Ali A. Al-Taq, Saudi Aramco, et al.

SPE 184520 On-Demand Water Control: Molecular Host/Guest Interaction for In-Situ Modification of Formation-Fluid Permeability by Antonio Recio III, Halliburton, et al.
Zavodi “Crvena Zastava”: Yugoslav Self-Management Socialism and Challenges for the Automobile Industry
Authors: J. Stanković Milan
Published: November 2017

This paper explores the experience of the Zavodi “Crvena Zastava” (Red Flag factory) of building the Yugoslav automobile industry between 1950s and 1980s. In 1954 Zastava began to manufacture automobiles based on the FIAT license and became the engine that drove the transformation of Yugoslavia from an agrarian into industrialized, urban and motorized country. However, its own development was hampered by the lack of stability in the Yugoslav socialist system under continual process of change and decentralization. This paper will examine crucial stages in Zastava’s development in the context of the Yugoslav evolving self-management system in order to discuss some theoretical issues and problems of practical applications. The aim is to show that while the concept of self-management was reasonable in the light of Yugoslavia’s break from the Soviet bloc, the net effect of its practices proved problematic for the automobile industry.
Partial Least Squares Regression for Determining Factors Controlling Winter Wheat Yield
Authors: Hu Yutong , Wei Xiaorong , Hao Mingde , Fu Wei , Zhao Jing , Wang Zhe
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Importance of factors on wheat yield was tested by partial least squares regression.

Nitrogen fertilizer was the most important factor on wheat yield in all four groups.

Climate factors, precipitation, and soil nutrients were also major control factors.

Partial least squares regression is a useful tool to reveal the control factors on wheat yield.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield is influenced by many independent factors including precipitation, fertilization, soil nutrients, and crop variety. Due to high correlations of these factors, it is difficult to analyze their relative importance on wheat yield. This study quantified the effects of independent factors on wheat yield and identified the most important control factors through a long‐term experiment on the Loess Plateau, China. The experiment consisted of 17 treatments, including five different levels of N and P fertilizer. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to evaluate the factors on wheat yield in four variety groups‐ Qinmai4 (1985–1986), Changwu131 (1987–1996), Changwu134 (1997–2015), and 31‐yr planting across the three varieties (1985–2015). Variable importance in projection (VIP) value revealed that N fertilizer had the greatest effect on wheat yield in all four groups (VIP = 1.266–2.313). The second most important factors were climate factors for Qinmai4 (VIP = 1.060), precipitation (February, annual, and fallow season) for Changwu131 (W1 = 0.335–0.351, VIP = 1.381–1.474), and soil nutrients (total nitrogen [TN], soil organic matter [SOM], and available potassium [AK]) for Changwu134 (W1 = –0.231–0.514, VIP = 1.084–2.317). When tested across varieties, TN and SOM were the second most important factors for 31‐yr planting (W2 = 0.455 and 0.313; VIP = 1.908 and 1.370, respectively). These results indicate that PLSR can reveal the control factors on wheat yield in the study area and provide a reference tool for analyses in other crops or areas.
Cultural, Organic, and Biological Methods for Snow Mold Control on Putting Greens in the Intermountain West
Authors: Van Dyke Adam , Johnson Paul G.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Topdressing every 2 wk reduced snow mold severity by 11% compared with every 4 wk in 1 of 2 yr. This cultural practice should be evaluated further for managing winter diseases.

Compacting snow with snowshoes reduced snow mold severity 3% the first year but had no effect the second year when damage occurred before snow could be compacted.

Organic fertilizers, biological materials, and the compost did not provide adequate control of snow molds.

A mineral oil was the only nonfungicidal commercial product to have efficacy on snow molds.

Turf treated with traditional fungicides PCNB and propiconazole prior to snow cover had the best control of snow molds.

Snow mold pathogens can damage golf course turf in winter, and few alternatives to fungicides currently exist for effective control. Cultural strategies including sand topdressing frequency and snow compaction using snowshoes, in combination with organic and biological commercially available products, were evaluated for snow mold control on a putting green for two seasons. Sand topdressing every 2 wk during the growing season reduced snow mold severity 11% in 2010, and compacting snow in winter reduced severity by 3%. Neither cultural practice reduced damage in 2011, when pressure from snow molds was higher. Most organic and biological materials did not suppress snow molds in either year relative to the fertilizer control, whereas turf treated with traditional fungicides provided the best control. A mineral oil was the only alternative material to have efficacy on snow molds, providing 54% control in 2010 and 34% control in 2011.
Cultural Eutrophication Is Reflected in the Stable Isotopic Composition of the Eastern Mudsnail, Nassarius obsoletus
Authors: Watson Elizabeth Burke , Szura Katelyn , Powell Elisabeth , Maher Nicole , Wigand Cathleen
Published: November 2017

In aquatic ecosystems, biological indicators are used in concert with nutrient concentration data to identify habitat impairments related to cultural eutrophication. This approach has been less commonly implemented in coastal areas due to the dominance of physical conditions in structuring biological assemblage data. Here, we describe the use of the stable isotopic composition of Nassarius obsoletus (Say), the eastern mudsnail, as an indicator of cultural eutrophication for 40 locations in coastal estuaries in New York. We found 15N enrichment in mudsnail tissue where watersheds had high population densities, land use patterns were more urbanized, and when sampling sites were adjacent to wastewater treatment plant discharges. Stable carbon isotopes were responsive to salinity and watershed forest cover, with more saline sites reflecting a predominantly C4 or algal carbon isotopic signature and more forested sites a lighter isotopic signature reflecting greater inputs of C3 terrestrial detrital carbon. Mudsnail nitrogen isotopic composition had a high level of separation between more affected and pristine watersheds (from 6.6 to 14.1‰), highlighting its utility as an indicator. We thus propose that stable isotope values of estuarine biota, such as the eastern mudsnail, can be used in concert with water quality data to identify areas where improvements in water quality are needed and can also be used to identify sources of detrital carbon to estuarine environments.

Core Ideas

We analyzed Nassarius obsoletus tissue and shell for δ15N and δ13C.

δ15N values strongly reflected anthropogenic trophic enrichment from wastewater.

δ13C values reflected C4 vs. C3 plant signatures on the basis of salinity and forest cover.

Stable isotope signatures of estuarine biota are useful indicators of water quality.
Glyphosate Applications, Glyphosate Resistant Corn, and Tillage on Nitrification Rates and Distribution of Nitrifying Microbial Communities
Authors: Jenkins Michael , Locke Martin , Reddy Krishna , McChesney Daniel S. , Steinriede R.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

The herbicide glyphosate can affect nitrification rates.

Archaeal nitrifiers were dominant in the rhizosphere.

In bulk soil, bacterial and archaeal nitrifiers were evenly distributed.

We tested the null hypothesis that nitrification and the distribution of archaeal and bacterial nitrifying communities would not be impacted by long‐term applications of the herbicide, glyphosate, to glyphosate‐resistant (GR) and non‐glyphosate‐resistant corn (nonGR) under conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT) systems. Bulk and rhizosphere soil nitrification potential rates and quantification of amoA genes of archaeal (AOA) and bacterial (AOB) communities were undertaken. In 2013, the nitrification rate of nonGR corn with no glyphosate application treatment associated with bulk and rhizosphere soils under RT displayed greater (P < 0.05) nitrification rates than GR corn with glyphosate applications. In 2014, the nitrification rate of the rhizosphere soil under RT in GR corn with no glyphosate application treatment was greater (P < 0.05) than other rhizosphere soil treatments. Ratios between archaeal and bacterial amoA genes indicated distinct dominance of AOA communities in the rhizosphere soil. The ratios between AOA and AOB amoA genes in bulk soil were more balanced. Regression analyses indicated more significant correlations between nitrification potential determinations and bulk soil nutrients ratios, nutrient acquisition ratios, and microbial communities than between analogous rhizosphere soil characteristics. Compared to non‐glyphosate treatments, glyphosate applications appeared to disrupt rhizosphere nutrient, exoenzymatic, and microbial relationships. Glyphosate applications had an inconsistent inhibitory effect on the nitrification process. In contrast to bulk soil, rhizosphere soil nitrifying communities were most likely in competition with corn roots for ammonia‐N, and were thus dominated by more oligotrophic archaeal nitrifiers compared to bacterial nitrifiers.
Grazing and Tillage Effects on Soil Properties, Rain Infiltration, and Sediment Transport during Fallow
Authors: Baumhardt R. L. , Johnson G. L. , Schwartz R. C. , Brauer D. K.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Soil loss tended higher (>40%) with grazing, but tillage increased soil loss significantly.

Infiltration increased with tillage and did not vary with grazing during either fallow phase.

Combined grazing and NT management decreased infiltration without tillage to disrupt compaction.

Depletion of the High Plains Aquifer that supplies irrigation water for the semiarid Southern Great Plains may necessitate dryland production of crops like wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] using the wheat–sorghum–fallow (WSF) rotation. Reduced crop productivity without irrigation can be offset by intensifying the WSF rotation with cattle (Bos taurus) grazing. Biomass removal and soil trampling without tillage, however, may reduce rain infiltration and storage during fallow that increases with no‐tillage (NT) over stubble‐mulch (SM) tillage. Our objective was to quantify grazing and tillage effects on infiltration, sediment transport, and aggregate stability during fallow periods after sorghum and wheat. Using a split plot randomized complete block design, we compared wet aggregate size distribution of a Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll; 0.0–0.05 m) and sediment yield in runoff of simulated rain during the fallow‐like idle period after wheat and the sorghum fallow. Sediment concentration and yield for both fallows were numerically larger (>40%) with grazing. Sediment concentration from SM tillage increased significantly over NT for either fallow, but soil loss differed only for wheat fallow. Mean final infiltration rate (IRf) and amount (IA60) did not differ significantly with grazing during either fallow, but IA60 was usually 20% lower for grazed than for ungrazed paddocks. Because SM tillage after grazed wheat significantly (P < 0.01) increased IRf and IA60 over NT, occasional SM tillage to disrupt compaction from trampling may increase water conservation for dryland cropping systems combining grazing with NT residue management.
Comparing Extractants for Calibrating Potassium Rates for Tomato Grown on a Calcareous Soil
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Ozores-Hampton Monica , Li Yuncong C. , Mylavarapu Rao S.
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas

Water was ineffective to estimate K availability in calcareous soils in Florida.

Both Mehlich‐3 and AB‐DTPA can be used to calibrate K rates in calcareous soils.

High K level was above 213 and 183 mg kg–1with Mehlich‐3 and AB‐DTPA, respectively.

Potassium application rates based on a reliable soil testing method are critical for maximizing crop yields and minimizing fertilizer costs. Vegetables grown on calcareous soils, however, have no soil test potassium (STK) interpretations in Florida. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to compare Mehlich‐3, ammonium bicarbonate‐DTPA (AB‐DTPA), and water to estimate K availability and calibrate K rates for tomato (Solanum lycopersicumL.) grown on a calcareous soil. The experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2014 and 2015. Potassium fertilizers were applied through preplant dry fertilizer and drip fertigation at total rate of 0, 56, 93, 149, 186, and 223 kg K ha–1. Regression models were performed to calibrate K rates by tomato relative yield with total K input (initial STK plus full‐season K rate). Concentrations of STK were significantly correlated among the three extractants and the highest correlation occurred between Mehlich‐3 and AB‐DTPA. Due to the high variability, water was ineffective to estimate K availability. Significantly linear relationships were found between total K uptake (TKU) and total K inputs using both Mehlich‐3 extracted K (Mehlich‐3‐K) and AB‐DTPA‐K. The low STK levels were predicted from 85 to 150 and 70 to 120 mg K kg–1and the corresponding required K rates ranged from 307 to 151 and 271 to 151 kg K ha–1using Mehlich‐3‐K and AB‐DTPA‐K, respectively. Thus, both Mehlich‐3 and AB‐DTPA can be used to predict K availability and K rates needed to produce optimal marketable yield for tomato grown on calcareous soils in Florida.
Density Functional Theory Calculation of Band Gap of Iron (II) disulfide and Tellurium
Authors: Arumona Arumona Edward , N Amah A
Published: November 2017

In this work, the band gap of Iron(II) disulfide and Tellurium were computed using the density functional theory with different meta-GGA functionals. The results showed that the meta-GGA functional M06L gave the closest value of the band gap as 0.96 eV compared to the experimental value of 0.95 eV for Iron(II) disulfide while the meta-GGA functional BJ06 gave the closest value of the band gap as 0.339 eV compared to the experimental value of     0.335 eV for Tellurium. This study showed that the meta-GGA functionals M06L and BJ06 can effectively predict the band gap of Iron(II)disulfide and Tellurium. In general, the use of meta-GGA functionals can be extended to compute the band gap of other semiconductors.
La evaluación de la educación a distancia. Propuesta de una guía para la autoevaluación Assessment in distance education. A proposal of a guide for self-evaluation
Authors: Bañuelos Márquez Ana María
Published: November 2017

La educación a distancia comienza a generalizarse y no es extraordinario identificar en esta modalidad programas académicos que adolecen de calidad. Por ello es necesario examinar sus características y la manera en que operan. Al realizar la evaluación de un programa educativo de esta naturaleza, se puede determinar la forma en que se están desarrollando sus procesos, en busca de una mejora de la calidad educativa o con fines de acreditación. Sin embargo, es recomendable que cualquier valoración de este tipo comience con un ejercicio de autoevaluación, donde los propios actores del proceso educativo sean los responsables de la valoración. La autoevaluación es el primer paso para recoger, sistematizar y globalizar la información acerca del objeto de análisis, al considerar los objetivos, procesos, procedimientos y resultados del modelo educativo que ejecutan, con la finalidad de que la institución tome conciencia de sus fortalezas y debilidades, así como sus áreas de oportunidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue estructurar un instrumento para la autoevaluación de programaseducativos a distancia. Después de aproximadamente cuatro meses de trabajo analítico documental y la depuración de propuestas se desarrolló la Guía de autoevaluación para programas educativos a distancia, instrumento que integra cinco ejes, 17 categorías y 30 indicadores para autoevaluar programas educativos a distancia.
Redes Sociales, Facebook y Blog según los Estilos de Aprendizaje en Cursos E-Learning
Authors: Porras Nieto Ilse Astrid
Published: November 2017

Pese a las distintas etapas de desarrollo que se ha tenido en educación, aún persiste la baja calidad de los productos de aprendizaje generados por parte de los estudiantes. Estos continúan con dificultades para leer, analizar, comprender y estructurar un aporte académico destinado, por ejemplo, a un foro en el aula virtual o a la producción de un escrito propio de calidad en lo referido a la presentación del contenido y su estructura gramatical, por lo que este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo se relacionan las características de la red social Facebook y el blog con las tendencias en los estilos de aprendizaje. La finalidad es usarlas como estrategia para lograr una mejora en el producto de aprendizaje de los estudiantes del curso virtual Teoría Psicoanalítica, del Programa de Psicología UVD, en la Universidad Minuto de Dios, en Bogotá - Colombia. El estudio se realizó con un enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental transversal descriptivo, mediante la caracterización de los estudiantes de un curso en el periodo 2016-3 determinando las tendencias en su estilo de aprendizaje según el modelo de Felder y Silverman y valorando el producto con rúbrica diseñada para tal fin.