bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Magnetic Composite: CuFe2O4 / Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Chen Dan , Ma Xiao Long
Published: June 2014

We fabricated new magnetic material CuFe2O4/Zn2Cr-LDH by the combination of CuFe2O4 and layered double hydroxide (LDH) through two steps. CuFe2O4 was prepared by sol-gel method with the assistant of citric acid, which was used in synthesis of the composite via microwave hydrothermal method subsequently. The physicochemical properties of the composite was characterized by several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The magnetic composite reveals several advantage of LDH structure and spinel ferrite oxide and is potential for the application of heterogeneous catalysis.
Study of Interaction between Human Serum Albumin and Miconazole Nitrate Using Multi-Spectroscopic Methods
Authors: Huang Fang , Liu Ying
Published: June 2014

The interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) and miconazole nitrate (MIN) had been studied by multi-spectroscopic methods. The inner filter effect was corrected before used the original data. The results indicated that MIN induced the fluorescence quenching of HSA was static quenching procedure. According to the Van’t Hoff equation, the interaction of HSA and MIN was determined by negative enthalpy change and positive entropy change, which showed that electrostatic forces were the major force in the binding process. The displacement experiments revealed that MIN binds in the vicinity of site I of HSA. The binding distance between Trp214 of HSA and MIN was 3.82 nm. Furthermore, the alternations of HSA secondary structure were calculated by FT-IR spectra. Upon formation of HSA-MIN complexes, the amount of α-helix structure reduced from 43.28% to 29.92%, β-sheet reduced from 22.59% to 18.79%, β-turn increased from 20.33% to 30.11% and random increased from 13.80% to 21.19%.
Study on Temperature Influence on Nitrogen Removal Properties in Anammox
Authors: Han Yue Mei
Published: June 2014

The nitrogen removal and period tending to be stable of anammox under the temperature 37, 35, 30, 25 and 20 were investigated in a packed-bed anammox biofilm reactor which had already operated stably for 300 days. It was found that the highest NRR(nitrogen removal rate)-75.4% and the shortest variation period of effluent concentration-4h was obtained at 37 °C while the opposite results of the lowest NRR of 48.7% and the longest period of 8h was appeared at 20°C; The inhibition effect at high temperature was investigated: the nitrogen removal rate decreased at the temperature of more than 40°C and drop rapidly to 10% when the temperature increased closed to 60°C. The results of the experiments above showed that the nitrogen removal of anammox can be greatly influent by temperature: from 33 to 37°C was the suitable temperature; the NRR decreases under 30°C and the capable to adapt variation drop with the temperature falling. The NRR decreased under high temperature (more than 40°C) and plenty of anammox died in a short time at 60°C.
Study on the Role of Ground Cover Plants Improving Environmental Factors – A Case Study of Glechoma longituba and Viola philippica
Authors: Wang Jie Qing , Yang De Ping , Zhu Ning
Published: June 2014

This article studied the role of ground cover plants improving environmental factors mainly taking Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr and Viola philippica as examples. The abilities of carbon fixation, oxygen release and transpiration heat absorbtion and dust-removal were measured ,and the results were shown:1. The ability of carbon fixation, oxygen release and transpiration heat absorbtion of Glechoma and V.philippica is in moderate leavel ;2. Planting G.longituba 28m2, or V.philippica 37 m2, can supply oxygen for an adult one day including gas and breathing oxygen consumption;3. The daily heat absorbtion of 1 m2G.longituba is equivalent to air conditioner working 5.79h, and V.philippica , 5.2h;4. 100m2G.longituba can retain dust 2.86kg per year , while V.philippica, 13.63kg per year. Which shows that ground cover plants have a great ability to improve the environment.
The Research on the Optimal Coagulant in Oily Wastewater Treatment using Flat Ceramic Membrane Filtering Device
Authors: Zhang Ji Ku , Yu Yang , Liu Xue Ning , Tan Wei
Published: June 2014

Membrane separation technique has a beneficial effect when applied to remove dispersed oil,emulsified oil and dissolved oil,the removal rate is more than 95%,meanwhile there is no secondary pollution, and separation process is without phase transformation, at the same time the membrane module structure is simple,and it has a short process,meanwhile the equipment also consumes low energy[1]. We use flat ceramic membrane filtering device adding coagulant to dispose oily wastewater.To choosing coagulant,we do an experiment in motionless beaker with FeCl3,PAC,PAM and two combinations of them to investigate the effect of oily wastewater treatment.Meanwhile,to provide a scientific basis for oily wastewater,we perform univariate analysis on optimal pharmacy to gain the most suitable technological parameters of oily wastewater treatment.
The Study of Residual Oil Gasification into Methane
Authors: Hu Heng Yu , Zhao Dong Feng , Zhang Qiang
Published: June 2014

The residual oil in situ microbial gasification technology is a new method to extend the life of oil reservoir, which means using the microbial to transform petroleum hydrocarbons into methane under anaerobic conditions, then the oil reservoir can be exploited or stored in situ. 50ml samples were added to 120ml sterile anaerobic bottle, at the same time, residual oxygen was removed under a gentle stream of high purity nitrogen by Hungate, then the bottle was filled tightly with rubber stoppers to remain strictly anaerobic state. These samples were placed in the incubator in dark condition. 100 days later, methane was detected by gas chromatography analyzing headspace gas, so it is used as inoculum for enrichment culture. 5ml inoculum above mentioned was added to the oil reservoir conditions simulated reactors. The ones with 10ml crude oil sample is (Y), the ones without crude oil sample is (N), at the same time, 10ml inorganic salt culture medium was added to each reactor.
Study on the Flocculating Performance of Modified Starches
Authors: Liu Li Xiu , He Ai Jiang , Li Xiang Biao
Published: June 2014

pea starch and acrylamide were used as the raw materials, potassium peroxodisulfate and sodium sulfite were used as the initiator, EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) and urea were used as the auxiliaries to make starch grafting acrylamide polymer flocculating agent by the method of aqueous solution polymerization. The influence of reaction temperature, concentration of initiator and raw material ratio on the flocculating performance of products was analyzed by ternary quadratic orthogonal regression rotational combination experiment. The result shows that the flocculation effect will be the best when the reaction temperature is 60°C, the initiator is 5.00 ml, and the raw material ratio is 2.25.
Assessment of Selenium Bioavailability in Tea Plantation Soil to Bashan Tea Species (Wanyuan, Southwest China) Using Single Extraction Methods
Authors: Zhang Xin Kai , Li Ze Qin , Liu Xiao Ming
Published: June 2014

Se concentration varies for different soil types, whether can be absorbed by plants is not related with the total amount of selenium, it is controlled by the bio-availability Se in soil. This paper is aim to look for the laws of the bio-availability Se in different soils, and find out an accuracy and effective method to extract the bio-available Se from different soil types. Digest the soil and tea leaves samples and used six methods (KH2PO4, NaHCO3, HAC, MgCl2, HCl, EDTA) to extract Se from the different soils, the result was measured by AFS. The mean values of total Se is 8.45μg/g in carbonaceous slates soil, 0.32μg/g and 0.41μg/g in malmstone soil, 0.78μg/g in shale soil. The maximum correlation coefficients (r) between the six extract methods and tea leaves about the extraction ratio of Se in four soils is 0.93188 with KH2PO4, 0.77097 and 0.83589 with NaHCO3, 0.84231 with HAC. So it can be indicate that the total Se contents is carbonaceous slates soil>shale soil>malmstone soil, the best extract method for carbonaceous slates soil, malmstone soil and shale soil are KH2PO4, NaHCO3, and HAC respectively.
Forms and Bioavailability of Phosphorus in the Suspended Solids of A2/O Process
Authors: Xuan Meng Ru , Zhao Meng , Bing Shuai , Li Xue Song
Published: June 2014

To investigate the potential bioavailability and mobility of phosphorus (P) in suspended solids, the Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT) programmers was employed to characterize the distribution of P in suspended solids from different treatment stage of KunmingWWTP.Results showed that: the main form of total phosphorus (TP) in suspended solids was inorganic phosphorus (IP) ,which accounted for 47%~60%.Amongdifferent forms of inorganic phosphorus, Iron-phosphorus was the dominant forms accounted for 82 % of total phosphorus while calcium-phosphorus was only the minor par. Throughout the process, the trend of changes in content is close between total phosphorus and organ phosphorus. Bioavailable phosphorus in suspended solids ranged from 5.903 mg·g-1to7.376mg·g-1 and occupied 89.64%to94.16% of the total phosphorus pool.
Identification, Analysis of Fungal Microorganisms on Filter of Central Air Conditioning System
Authors: Yang Lv , Liu Chen Guang , Fu Bai Lin , Wei Jia
Published: June 2014

As air conditioning system long-time running, microorganism like bacterium and fungus propagates easily in high humidity environment such as filter equipment. After the microorganism entering indoor environment through air conditioning system, the air quality would be affected seriously. Air conditioning system which is regarded as potential microbial pollution source is becoming more attention. The study was about isolation and identification of fungal microorganisms on the filter surface of the central air conditioning system in a gymnasium, and then researching on the colonies and mycelium grown and reproduce regular of fungal microorganisms in different thermal environment using thermal methods, aim to lay groundwork of propagation and diffusion mechanism study of fungal microorganisms in air conditioning system and effective air microbial contamination solve by thermal methods. By physiology biochemistry experiment and molecular biological identification, it was shown that the dominant fungi were Penicillium spp. and Cladosporium spp., colonies were 600 cfu/cm2 and 140 cfu/cm2 respectively.
Immobilisation of Iron-Containing Materials onto Supporting Materials in Heterogeneous Fenton System: A Review
Authors: Chen Juan
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this review is to aim a summary of the development in the use of different supports for the immobilisation of a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst, which areiron-containing materials. Various anchors and immobilisation methods that are universally employed to the remediation of wastewater are considered. Commonly, the immobilisation of a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst onto supportive material has chiefly been approved through one of two major routes; chemical route physical route or physical route. The advantages and disadvantages of various immobilisation methods to obtain a gigantic surface area iron-containing materials support is considered too.
Physiological Responses of Three Different Plants to Low-Doses of 137Cs-γ Irradiation
Authors: Zhu Qiu Ping , Lu Min Xing , Song Gang , Chen Di Yun , Chen Yong Heng
Published: June 2014

Gamma irradiation has been widely applied in biology and medicine in terms of biological effects from low doses stimulation to high-doses inhibition. This study investigates the physiological responses for plantlets of Pepper, Eggplant, and Chinese Cabbage by low-doses of 137Cs-γ irradiation. The results show that the POD activity and the content of MDA and soluble protein increased after gamma irradiation except for Chinese Cabbage. A significant positive correlation was observed between POD and MDA. Soluble Protein and the others had a negative correlation for Chinese Cabbage. Mechanisms of plants under irradiation should have a more profound study in order to determine the correlation.
The Dynamic Analysis of Benzo [a]pyrene in Corn Straw
Authors: Liu Xiao Xing , Wang Ya Hui , Sun Hui Qing , Rong Yi
Published: June 2014

Samples of corn straw, soils and environmental water were collected, and Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in samples was detected by means of GC/MS. Its levels in atmosphere, soils and environmental water are ranged from 17.6 to 18.4, 0.2 to 2.7 and 5.1 to 5.4μg/kg, respectively. To B[a]P in corn straw, the contribution of the atmosphere is dominant. B[a]P levels in soils where corn straw burned was higher than that where such burning not occurred, and higher levels of B[a]P in soils of suburban roadside and lower level in rural roadside were observed. B[a]P was detected in river water and rainwater, but it was not detected in groundwater. Although soil and environmental water contributed B[a]P to corn through root uptake, that will be very limited importance. For GC/MS, selected monitoring of molecular ions for target analyte and standard was performed instead of full scanning analysis.
The Scaling Preventable Measures of Multi-Effect Distillation Plants
Authors: Luo Ming , Wang Shu Zhong , Yang Jian Ping
Published: June 2014

The multi-effect distillation (MED) process is one of the oldest process in desalination of seawater. This technology has been used for water and heat recovery from the petroleum waste in Liaohe Oilfield. However, the scale formation is one of the main problems that encountered in the operation of different plants. The temperature of the first stage of the MED evaporation is higher than 138 °C. Therefore, both the scale inhibition and removal technologies should be adopted. The Belgard EV 2050 scale inhibitor produced by Ciba-Geigy is recommended to be used to inhibit the scale due to the excellent scale inhibiting performance. Scale removal technology also needs to be adopted regularly for device descaling in addition to the scale controlling technology. The sulfamic acid (concentration of 5% -10%) can be selected as the acid cleaning agent with a certain amount of inhibitor added.
Biodegradation of Congo Red by Aerobic Granules in a Sequencing Batch Reactor
Authors: Ma Deng Yue , Wang Xin Hua , Song Chao , Wang Shuguang
Published: June 2014

In this study, compact well-settling aerobic granules were developed in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for the biological removal of Congo red (CR) using activated sludge as inoculum. The granules had a clearly defined shape and appearance, and were capable of removing over 90% of CR and COD. The result in this research demonstrates that it is possible to use aerobic granules for CR biodegradation and broadens the benefits of using the SBR to target treatment of toxic and recalcitrant organic compounds.
Synthesis of Titania Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Assistant Sol-Gel Method and its Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Liu Qiong Yu , Jiang Jun Ting
Published: June 2014

Titania nanoparticles were obtained by an ultrasonic assistant sol-gel method. The prepared titania nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The photocatalytic properties of the prepared titania were evaluated from the photodegradation of X-3B solution. The thermalanalysis results showed that the weight loss of prepared TiO2 particles ends at about 500°C, and the appropriate condition of calcination was found to be 2 h at 500°C. The XRD results showed that anatase was the main phase of prepared TiO2 nanoparticle, and the average crystallite size of the TiO2 particles, calcined for 2 h at 500°C was calculated as 15.3 nm using the Scherrer equation. The results demonstrated that such nanoTiO2 showed high photocatalytic activities for X-3B degradation, whether it is under UV irradiation or sunlight irradiation.
Enrichment of Anammox Bacteria by a Sequencing Fed Biofilm Batch Reactor (SFBFBR)
Authors: Liao De Xiang , Su Peng Hao , Yang Kai Liang , Feng Dao Lun , Lin Hua Huai
Published: June 2014

A sequencing fed biofilm batch reactor (SFBFBR) seeded with returning activated sludge of a WWTP was started up to enrich Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) bacteria and to investigate the nitrogen removal characterization of the Anammox biofilm system. Initially, the operation period was controlled at 3 days and the mineral medium (30 mg/l ammonium, 30 mg/l nitrite, about 2 L) was supplied continuously to SFBFBR in the first 68 hours. After 44 days’ cultivation, ammonium and nitrite concentration were decreased simultaneously without COD and DO, which means the anammox activity presented in the reactor. From t=55 days, in order to further enrich anammox bacteria, the substrate load began to increase by reducing the operation period from 3 days to 1 day and increasing the ammonium and nitrite concentrations. At the end of the experiment, the reactor was able to treat nitrogen loading rates up to 200±10 mg N/(L.d). The ammonium and nitrite reacted in the stoichiometrical of 1:1.135.
Surface Chemistry of TiO2 and its Adsorption and Photodegradation of Orange II in Water Solution
Authors: Sun Li Qun
Published: June 2014

In this study, the surface chemistry of TiO2 and related photochemical reaction process was reported by taking Orange II, an azo dye, as an example. The results revealed that major oxidative species is HO instead of hole, though hole is also an oxidative species in some other conditions. Besides that, this article also analysed the reaction process, which involves adsorption-reaction-desorption, three typical steps. For reactions falling in the category of these three steps, Langmuir-Hinshelwood model fit best, because it deals with the adsorption and chemical reaction, a dual process..
Meteorological Condition Prediction Research of the Stem Mustard Premature Bolting in early Season
Authors: Fan Li , Wang Yan , He Yong Kun
Published: June 2014

With the demand of the stem mustard premature bolting forecast in Fuling area, from the biology characteristics of stem mustard’s early bolting, the paper analyzes the two-season planting test data of stem mustard in 2011, and screens the significant meteorological factors that affecting the stem mustard premature bolting, which is average air temperature of the first 9-12 days after sowing, the maximum temperature and precipitation days in the stage of sowing - 3 leaf, and then establishes the prediction model of stem mustard premature bolting by Logistic equation. Finally, the planting test data in 2012 are used to test the model, which can better simulate the occurrences of stem mustard premature bolting, and forecast has good feasibility. Keyword: Stem mustard; Premature bolting; Two-season; Prediction
Effect of Alkali Metal Deposition on Activity of De-NOx SCR Catalysts
Authors: Cao Pei Qing , Wang Chang An , Liu Zhi Qiang , Du Yong Bo , Zhao Yong Gang , Lv Qiang , Bai Yang , Deng Lei , Che De Fu
Published: June 2014

Zhundong coal has a huge proved reserve and many excellent properties. However, the alkali metal content in Zhundong coal is apparently high, which can accelerate the deactivation of De-NOx SCR catalysts. In the present study, the effect of alkali metal deposition on activity of SCR catalysts through solution impregnation method was experimentally investigated. The results indicate that alkali metal deposition on the catalyst surface significantly deactivates the capacity of SCR catalysts. NaOH presents the most intense poisonousness. The catalytic effect on NO reduction reduces with the increase of alkali metal content on catalyst surfaces. In addition, potassium establishes more obvious poisonousness on SCR catalyst than sodium. There is interaction effect between sodium and potassium on deactivating the SCR catalyst.
Effect of Operation Conditions on Activity of De-NOx SCR Catalysts before and after Poisoned by Alkali Metal
Authors: Liu Xiao Qi , Wang Chang An , Du Yong Bo , Lv Qiang , Zhao Yong Gang , Guo Yong He , Deng Lei , Liu Jiao , Ge Jia , Che De Fu
Published: June 2014

Zhundong coal has a huge proved reserve and many excellent properties. However, the alkali metal content in Zhundong coal is distinctly high, which can accelerate the deactivation of De-NOx SCR catalysts. Using solution impregnation method, the effect of operation conditions on activity of SCR catalysts before and after poisoned by sodium was experimentally investigated. The results show that the NO reduction ratio raises with the increase of NH3/NO ratio. Longer residence time results in higher NO reduction ratio. Compared with catalyst poisoned by NaCl, residence time presents less influence on activity of fresh catalyst in 250-400 oC, which is beneficial for De-NOx process. Both O2 and NO concentration have no apparent influence on NO reduction ratio.
Study on the Enzyme Activity Change during the Aerobic Composting Process of Sewage Sludge
Authors: Niu Jun Ling , He Jun Hui
Published: June 2014

Compost is widely used for treating urban garbage and sewage sludge. The enzyme activity is one of the important parameters of microbial quantity and its activity intensity change in the composting process, and all of the biochemical reactions during the composting process are carried out with the enzymes involving. The composting progress and the material change are directly reflected by the enzyme activity. In Zhengzhou Bagang sludge disposal plant, sludge was mixed with straw to compost together and with the technology of high temperature solid state aerobic slot for sludge treatment. This study was done to research the tendency of peroxide enzyme activity, cellulose enzyme activity, pH, conductivity, moisture content in the process of compost. The result showed that at the beginning of the compost, cellulase activity increased first and then decreased gradually and tended to be stable. The catalase activity was higher at the beginning of the compost and at the period of temperature raising it was stable basically, then decreases quickly and after that it maintain on the lower level. The moisture content declined gradually during the composting process, and in the period of high temperature there are more moisture loss. PH increased at first, and with the temperature raised to high the pH decreased gradually and tended to be stable. Conductivity increased first, then decreased gradually to steady.
The Effects of a Mixture of Ferulic Acid and Gastrodin on Spontaneous Activity in Mice
Authors: Liu Lin , Wang Dong Xue , Huo Ju , Zhao Ying
Published: June 2014

Objective: To study the effects of a mixture of ferulic acid and gastrodin on spontaneous activity in mice, we explored the pharmacological effects on the central nervous system. Methods: 50 healthy adult mice were randomly divided into five groups, each 10 mixture times the dose groups, respectively. The negative control group (ig same volume of saline) (ig ferulic acid 0.76mg • kg-1, gastrodin 1.06mg • kg-1), a 2-fold dose group (ig ferulic acid 1.52mg • kg-1, gastrodin 2.12mg • kg-1), 4-fold dose group (ig ferulic acid 3.04mg • kg-1, gastrodin 4.24mg • kg-1), 8-fold dose group (ig ferulic acid 6.08mg • kg-1, gastrodin 8.48mg • kg-1). We measured the spontaneous activity in mice before and after the administration of 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 80min, 100min, 120min, 180min, 240min, 360min. Results: Compared with the negative control group, there was a significant excitatory effect in 1-fold dose of spontaneous activity in mice in 60min, 80min, 100min (P<0.05, P<0.01); while 4-fold and 8-fold dose in 80min (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusions: There was an exciting effect of a mixture of ferulic acid and gastrodin in a certain dose range, but not in a dose-dependent manner.
Research Jujube Pest Stress Index Leaf Pigment Hyperspectral Model Based on Wireless Sensor Networks in the Southern Region of Xinjiang
Authors: Zhou Peng , Niu Xiao Tai , Guo Song , Shi Ming Deng
Published: June 2014

Measured southern jujube pest stress index leaf pigment, create jujube jujube leaf rust sensitive bands characteristic parameter table, analyze the spectral characteristics of the relevant characteristics and vegetation index jujube high correlation parameters. Determination of diseased leaves and growing spectrum of different pigment content. Analysis jujube leaf rust pigment content and spectral reflectance correlation study comparing jujube leaf rust pigment content and differential spectral correlation. Hyperspectral characteristic parameters to achieve the southern jujube jujube leaf rust pigments PC1/PC2 and PC1+PC2 content estimation. Using a combination of linear and polynomial fitting method to construct the canopy hyperspectral disease dates Brix content estimation model and test. The probabilistic neural network PNN and SVM classifier SVC applied to hyperspectral estimation model, comparative analysis of model accuracy. The results of the quantitative estimation of disease hyperspectral information dates pigment content in leaves of jujube growing use of high spectral monitoring and impact assessment of disease have high practical value. classification accuracy of 98%, obtained very satisfactory recognition results.
Study of Two Species of Sedum Alfredii Hance Tolerance and Accumulation Characteristics Experiment
Authors: Guo Fan Di , Hu Xiao Min , Jiao Long
Published: June 2014

By contrast, tolerance and enrichment characteristics of two species of Sedum alfredii Hance under hydroponic experiment,the maximum Cd content in non mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance in shoot and root were 198.93 and 882.64mg/kg, the maximum Cd content mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance shoot and root were respectively 5642 and 650.72mg/kg. the enrichment and tolerance of mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance has stronger than non mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance. This provides a basis for the use of repairing cadmium polluted soil of Sedum alfredii hance.
Detection of Amylose and Amylopectin from Different Yam (D. Opposita Thunb.) Cultivars by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Wang Li Xia , Li Bin , Cao Jin Li
Published: June 2014

The amylose and amylopectin of starch separated from four different D. opposita Thunb. were investigated by capillary electrophoresis. Nowadays, much research was focused on the utilization of plant starch as an industrial raw material which can effectively reduce the dependence on non-renewable resource. Then, the content of amylose in the starch will largely influence the availability of starches. Most detect methods were not suitable for this detection because of the high molecular mass of starch. This paper described the application of capillary electrophoresis to separate the amylose and amylopectin in four different D. opposita Thunb. and made a differentiation between them based on the well-known affinity of these compounds to iodine. The paper also improved the method of detecting yam starch because the method applying in other starches might appear somewhat different.
Evaluation of the Sulfur Dioxide Pollution Tolerance of Sidewalk Plants
Authors: Chung Chung Yi , Chung Pei Ling , Gau Hwa Sheng , Huang Ting Lun , Lai Wen Liang , Liao Shao Wei
Published: June 2014

Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) is used by landscapers to select plant species tolerant to air pollution. The present study evaluated APTI for selected ten common plant species, which were fumigated with 40 ppb sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas for 210 days. The APTI is used by landscapers to select plant species tolerant to air pollution. In order to develop the usefulness of plants as indicators requires an appropriate selection of plant species, which is of utmost importance in specific situations. Four biochemical parameters, including ascorbic acid content, leaf extract pH, total leaf chlorophyll, and leaf relative water content were used to develop an APTI. The results showed that plants have the potential to serve as excellent quantitative and qualitative indices of pollution. Since biomonitoring of plants is an important tool by which to evaluate the impact of air pollution on plants, Diospyros maritime is a good selection as an index of SO2 pollution. The order of tolerance in SO2 as Diospyros maritime > Diospyros discolor > Decusscarpus nagi > Cerbera manghas > Delonix regia > Melia azedarach > Machilus zuihoensis > Ficus sepitca > Erythrina variegate > Messerschmidia argentea.
Quantity Dynamics of Vegetation Characteristics
Authors: Zhou Chan , Guo Jian , Zhang Zhuo , Lou Hong
Published: June 2014

Characteristics of vegetation under meadow, typical steppe and desert steppe were comparatively studied, such as aboveground biomass, height, total carbon and total nitrogen. The results demonstrated that the aboveground biomass and height of vegetation under these three types of steppes were the lowest in the early growing season of May, and reached their highest in the peak season, usually in July or August. Variance analysis showed that the differences among these three steppes in aboveground biomass, height, total carbon and total nitrogen were highly significant. Therefore, the variances and irregularity in vegetation characteristics of these three steppes were affected by moisture and other ecological factors, of which moisture was the primary ecological factor.
The Quality Standards Study of Hedyotis Diffusa
Authors: Xu Yu Lian , Xiang Song , Guo Pu , Niu Lin , Li Yun Lan , Li Qing Shan
Published: June 2014

The research provided the reliable quality control methods for Hedyotis diffusa Willd, including identification (thin-layer identification), inspection (moisture, ash and extraction) and content determination. In thin-layer identification, samples showed same color spot as standard Hedyotis diffusa in same location; The moisture, ash, acid-insoluble ash and extraction of herb were respectively 5.9%~8.2%, 7.4%~13.4%, 1.2%~6.4% and 5.6%~11.7%. So we suggested that the moisture should lower than 13.0%, the ash should lower than 15.0% and the acid-insoluble ash should lower than 9.0% and the extraction should more than 5.0%. The content determination of p-coumaric acid ranges from 0.08 to 0.17 (%, g/g) and the suggested p-coumaric acid on the dried should not less than 0.06%. The suggestion could provide the reference to establish the quality standard of Hedyotis diffusa Willd.
Study on Identification Method of Banqiao Codonopsis Pilosulc with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Pei Yun , Gong Dong Jun , Pang Yan Ping , Xia Li Ya , Yu Shao Long
Published: June 2014

In order to identify the Banqiao codonopsis pilosulc, a geographical indication products,diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of came from four different origins were collected by the Fourier near-infrared spectrometer. The spectroscopy was analyzed with Chemometrics method,and the spectroscopy was pretreated by the second derivative and vector normalized, first derivation and minus a straight line condition. The range of spectra was 7637.3-4165.8 cm-1. The Calibration models of Codonopsis pilosulc were established by the qualification testing, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis respectively, and each model was verified. The results show that the optimal model established by the qualification testing, principal component analysis and cluster analysis can effectively identify authentic Banqiao codonopsis pilosulc , and accuracy rate was 100%. In conclusion, Banqiao codonopsis pilosulc can be identified accurately and quickly by the near-infrared spectroscopy technique.
The Analysis Basing on Identification of Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae of HPLC Fingerprint
Authors: Pang Yan Ping , Yang Jing , Xia Li Ya , Yu Shao Long , Hong Si Hui
Published: June 2014

Basing on the HPLC fingerprints combined with chemo metric methods identified the Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae. Fingerprint of Radix Pseudostellariae by using HPLC was established in Fujian Zherong County, Guizhou Huangping County, Guizhou Kaili City 3 areas, combined with the fingerprint similarity evaluation software system analysis, results show that : The fingerprint similarity of Radix Pseudostellariae from different habitats were 0.887, 0.400, 0.464. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis identified Radix Pseudostellariae from different habitats by using SPSS software, the recognition of Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae accuracy rate reached 100%, the overall accuracy rate was 97.5%. Therefore, I think that HPLC fingerprinting combined with chemo metric method can accurately identify the zherong Radix Pseudostellariae and provide reliable technical support for the protection of geographical indication products.
A Model for Energy Harvesting from Vortex-Induced Vibration of Circular Cylinder
Authors: Ran Jing Yu , Wang Jun Lei , Wang Rui Rui
Published: June 2014

This document mainly explains a new method of evaluate the energy harvested from vortex-induced vibration phenomenon of the circular cylinder. The external flow field of the cylinder has been solved by a RANS method together with the one equation turbulent Spalart-Allmaras model. The feedback effect of the circuit has been calculated by a matrix method to obtain the damping and the natural frequency of the system. Then the voltage output has been solved by a quasi-steady method. Finally, we discuss the computing method of the power output.
Preparation and Application of Undecylenate Based Diol for Bio-Based Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion
Authors: Yang Zhe , Zhu Yan Bin , Peng Fang , Fu Chang Qing
Published: June 2014

The undecylenate based diol (UAD) has been synthesized from undecylenate by esterification and thiol-ene click reaction sequently, and then it was used as a diol to prepare bio-based waterborne polyurethane (WPU) reacting with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and castor oil-based carboxyl hydrophilic chain extender. The structure of undecylenate based diol was verified by hydrogen proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to characterize the structure of WPU film. Furthermore, particle size and viscosity were used to character apparent properties of the bio-based waterborne polyurethane dispersion. The result shows that: bio-based waterborne polyurethane dispersion is transparent and very stable under room temperature. This work provides a simple and efficient method for the preparation of fatty acids based polyols and bio-based waterborne polyurethanes.
Silicon Steel Sheet Vibration Model Based on the Magnetostrictive Properties
Authors: Dong Pan Ting , Zhang Li , Liu Meng Qi , Zhao Tong , Zou Liang , Li Qing Quan
Published: June 2014

Magnetostriction of transformer core plays a dominated role in the vibration of transformer equipment. In order to simulation the magnetostrictive effect, a equivalent magnetostrictive force model is introduced in this paper. Elongation-based models are used to deduce the magnetostrive force. Elongation-based models employ experimental data from magnestrictive elongation to bulid the relation between magnestrictive strain and magnetic flux density, and can be used for harmonic analysis. Magnetostrictive force on single slicion sheet is deduced by strain energy density and energy conservation principle. The force is applied on the single silicon sheet model to analysis the deformation caused by magnetostriction.
Research on the Effects of the Generator with Differential Supporting Characteristics on Vibrations of the Three-Bearing Structure
Authors: Zeng Qing Meng , Wu Zheng Feng , Zhang Shan Shan , Han Qin , He Jun
Published: June 2014

The finite element model of a 1000MW unit was set up and vibrations of the three-bearing structure were studied. The results show that the generator supporting characteristics have great effects on vibrations of the three-bearing structure. Many factors are needed to be considered when field balancing. The generator supporting characteristics should be considered when judging the type and axial position of imbalances. Repeated balancing are invalid and even the vibrations diverge if just following simply the harmonic component method to determine directly the imbalance types. The conclusion reliabilities were further verified with the tests.
Vibration Analysis of the Control Valve Coupled Models
Authors: Wang Jia Dian , Liu Chong , Xie Xiao Zeng
Published: June 2014

A marine steam turbine control valve is taken as the research object in this paper, the vibration response is studied under pressure pulse excitation. The transient flow field analysis is made using the method of large eddy simulation to obtain the time-domain information of the pressure pulsation. Then, the analysis of vibration based on coupled modes, research vibration response and resonance problems of the control valve. The study found that the vibration of control valve is strongly in low frequency excitation, but high-frequency excitation makes relatively little impacts on it; The diffuser and downstream of valve is the main area of generating vibration.
Analysis on Explosion Characteristics of Coal Gangue Hills
Authors: Jia Zhen Zhen , Feng Tao
Published: June 2014

In the process of the coal gangue hill explosion, a lot of harmful gases can be released, which seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment and is harmful to people’s health; meanwhile, equipments and the surrounding buildings can also be destroyed, which brings huge economic losses and casualties. In addition, social problems caused by coal gangue hills will become a thorny problem for coal enterprises. Therefore, the influencing factors on the coal gangue hill explosion, the explosion characteristics and laws, and the spontaneous combustion process of the coal gangue hill are analyzed; the coal gangue hill explosion are discussed from the arch shell theory, the bottom air leakage and oxygen supply, rainfall, detonating gas explosion, and chain reaction; the conditions, influencing factors and characteristics of the coal gangue hill explosion are obtained.
Application of the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells in Endocrine-Disrupting Area
Authors: Zhong Ling Ying , Xiang Xiao , Ye Jing , Lu Wei , Lv Jing , Zhang Dong Wei , Xia Bing , Zhou Pei , Wang Lu Mei
Published: June 2014

MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was first developed by Dr. Herbert Soule from a pleural effusion taken from a patient with metastatic breast cancer. This estrogen-responsive and estrogen receptor containing cell line can also express androgen, progesterone, glucocorticoid and retinoid receptors. It has been extensively used in identifying environmental estrogens and exploring the toxicity mechanisms, as well as the pathologic study and the disease treatment. This mini review article will focus on the development and application of MCF-7 cells in endocrine-disrupting area, especially in study of environmental estrogens.
Effects of Retention in Effluent from a Wastewater Treatment Plant on Deposition of Escherichia coli in Packed-Bed Columns
Authors: Li Jiu Yi , Zhao Xiao Kang , Tian Xiu Jun , Li Jin , Wang Li Jing , Zhang Yan Yu , Zhang Xu , Chen Yu , Wang Ai Min
Published: June 2014

The transport of pathogenic bacteria from wastewater treatment facilities in subsurface has attracted extensive concerns over recent decades, while the impact of effluent water chemistry remains unclear. The influence of retention time in effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant on bacterial surface properties and deposition of Escherichia coli strains in saturated quartz sand packed-bed columns was investigated in this paper. Retentions in effluent significantly altered bacterial surface properties, such as zeta potential, surface charge and hydrophobicity, subsequently changed their deposition rate coefficients and attachment efficiencies in quartz sand packed-bed columns. Under low ionic strength conditions, bacterial deposition onto quartz sand grains was in agreement with the predictions of DLVO theory, in which the secondary energy minimum was demonstrated to be predominant.
The Influence of Environmental Pollutants to Adverse Pregnancy
Authors: Dong Xu Dong , Dai Qun Ying , Peng Juan
Published: June 2014

Environment pollution may cause many negative impacts on human health. Among these impacts, human pay more and more attention to adverse pregnancy. This paper reviewed adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by environmental pollutants. The result showed that gaseous pollutants can cause preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. Organic pollutants may affect birth weight and neural tube development etc. Heavy metals of cadmium and lead not only affect birth weight, birth length, but also cause congenital malformations. The impact of particulate matter on pregnancy was rarely reported. Further research on the relationship between environmental pollutants and pregnancy will benefit our understanding on and prevention of adverse pregnancy.
Characteristics of the Atmospheric Pollution and Health Risk of Arsenic and Heavy Metals (Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Hg) in PM2.5 during Heating Period in Xining ,China
Authors: Shi Li Na , Xu Xun , Zhao Xu Dong , Dou Xiao Yan , Zhao Qian Qian
Published: June 2014

The human risks of As and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd and Hg) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Xining, China is investigated here in this study. Cu, As and Pb are the most abundant elements in stationary monitoring station for atmospheric pollution and mountain Najia. As, Pb and Cr are the most abundant elements in the park of organisms and Xining Special Steel between the studied metals and metalloids in PM2.5. Pb and As showed a higher bio-accessibility. It has been shown that the carcinogenic risks of As, Cd, Cr and Ni in PM2.5 via dermal contact and inhalation exposure are within the acceptable level (<1×10-4) for both children and adults, but there is a potential carcinogenic risk posed by Pb via ingestion. As for non-carcinogenic health risks, the hazard index values for all the studied elements suggested no health risks via ingestion and dermal contact, but a potential one via inhalation of adults. Values of hazard quotient and hazard index indicated the non-carcinogenic risks from the studied metals and metalloids to children via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation pathways during heating period in Xining given the present air quality .
Design of HVDC Supplementary Subsynchronous Damping Controller
Authors: Chen Qin Lei , Guo Chun Lin , Chen Han , Chen Jun , Li Ya Nan , Jiang Wei Yong
Published: June 2014

Supplementary subsynchronous damping controller (SSDC) is an effective countermeasure to damp the subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) caused by HVDC. On the basis of analyzing the mechanism of inducing SSO by HVDC, the principle of damping SSO by SSDC and SSDC design methods are expounded. A SSDC is designed for a practical power plant in China, and the correctness and validity of the SSDC control strategies are proved with time domain electromagnetic simulation results.
Power System Transient Stability Analysis via Second-Order Non-Uniform Kuramoto Model
Authors: Yang Liu , Guo Yu Feng , Chen Ning , Qian Min Hui , Xue Xiao Ping , Yu Da Ren
Published: June 2014

Based on frequency synchronization theory of the second-order non-uniform Kuramoto model, a novel approach for power system transient stability analysis is put forward by establishing the correspondence between the classic power system model and the second-order non-uniform Kuramoto model. This method relates network parameters with the region of attraction of the disturbed system’s stable equilibrium and thus the transient stability information of the disturbed system can be obtained by comparing the initial configuration with trapping region of the stable equilibrium of the disturbance-canceling system. The application of our approach to single machine infinite bus system shows that this method features a fast computation speed. It can determine the transient stability of the system when a certain perturbation acts on as well as offer the stability margin of the disturbed system, which is of great importance for practical use.
Research of Sub-Synchronous Oscillations in HVDC and SSDC Designing
Authors: Chen Han , Guo Chun Lin , Chen Qin Lei , Tang Zhe Ci , Li Ya Nan , Jiang Wei Yong
Published: June 2014

SSDC(Supplementary sub-synchronous oscillation damping controller) is one of effective measures to suppress the SSO(sub-synchronous oscillations) caused by HVDC. The article researched the phase compensation method of SSDC on the basis of studying the SSO and the SSDC mechanism in depth. We verified the validity of the method used by designing SSDC in an large domestic HVDC simulation model. And we find that the SSDC designed can effectively increase the positive electrical damping in the sub-synchronous frequency range with the sub-synchronous frequency scanning to suppress the SSO.
The Steam Pipe Network Mathematical Modeling and Flow Field Analysis of Zibo Power Plant
Authors: Yang Dong , Lu Xiao
Published: June 2014

As Zibo power plant original steam pipes for a long time to run, the strength decreased and resistance was large, transformation was proposed to optimize. A mathematical model of the main steam pipe network was established to analysis changes of temperature, pressure and velocity vector before and after transformation. After transformation, the loss was significantly reduced,so transformation successfully achieve the optimization, adjustment and analysis functions of the main steam pipe network.
Torque Ripple Suppression of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Torque Sharing Strategy
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhao Ying , Mu Hao , Liu Shuai , Li Yi Heng
Published: June 2014

The torque ripple is the main disadvantage of switched reluctance motor (SRM). In order to reduce the torque ripple of SRM, and improve the performance of the system, the torque sharing strategy was combined with RBF neural network for the purpose of torque ripple suppression by controlling the winding current of each phase. In consideration of the possible error of network, the real-time current compensation was taken to compensate the loss of torque which could suppress the torque ripple of the system in further. The results show that he torque ripple of SRM was suppressed effectively.
PID Parameter Optimization Based on Fuzzy Control
Authors: Chen Wen Wen , Liu You Kuan , Tan Xiang Yu , Sun Jian Ping , Zhang Shao Quan , Du Jiao , Wang Shuo
Published: June 2014

PID controllers are widely used in industrial process control. The determination of the conventional PID controller parameter tuning is based on obtaining the mathematical model of controlled objects and according to certain rules, which is difficult to adapt to complex control systems. In this paper ,against its adverse effect parameter tuning, long time debugging, defects and poor adaptability of the controlled object,the fuzzy control and PID control are combined and the fuzzy PID controller is proposed. Then, I combine the examples of thermal power units using MATLAB to simulate. The simulation results show that the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller not only has the advantages of fuzzy control such as fast, adaptability, etc, but also the characteristics of high accuracy PID control, which make the system has a good control effect.