bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Reference Method and Materials for Quantitative Measurement of UV-Induced DNA Damage in Mammalian Cells: Comparison of Comet Assay and Cell Viability
Authors: Atha Donald H. , Tona Alessandro , Reipa Vytas
Published: September 2022

Application of DNA damage diagnostic tests is rapidly growing, in particular for ovarian, prostate, and skin cancers; environmental monitoring; chronic and degenerative diseases; and male infertility. Such tests suffer from significant variability among different laboratories due the lack of standardization, experimental validation, and differences in data interpretation. Reference methods and materials for quantitative measurement of UVA-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells are frequently needed. In this study, we examined the use of the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay to assess the UVA-induced DNA damage in surface-attached Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells treated with a photosensitizer as a candidate cellular oxidative damage reference material. We found that the comet images became diffused and the viability of the cells decreased substantially (>20%) as the UVA dose and benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) concentration exceeded 6.3 J/cm2 and 10−6 mol/L BaP. Maintaining the conditions of exposure within this range can improve DNA damage measurement fidelity, particularly if used as a quantitative reference method and to produce materials considered as an in vitro standard for the comet assay.
Modulation of Drug Resistance by Furanochromones in NorA Overexpressing Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Rodrigues Damara F. , Borges Nathalie H. P. B. , Nogueira Carlos Emídio S. , Tavares Josean F. , Arcanjo Daniel Dias Rufino , Barreto Humberto M. , Siqueira-Junior José P.
Published: September 2022

Khellin and visnagin are natural furanochromones that photoreact with DNA. Khellin has been used in the treatment of vitiligo and psoriasis, as well as in the treatment of angina pectoris and asthma due to its potent action as a coronary vasodilator and antispasmodic agent. The present study aimed to investigate whether the compounds khellin and visnagin act as inhibitors of NorA protein, an efflux pump overproduced by the strain of Staphylococcus aureus SA-1199B that confers resistance to the fluoroquinolones, such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. These substances alone did not show antibacterial activity against the strain tested. On the other hand, when these compounds were added to the culture medium at subinhibitory concentration, they were able to reduce the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of norfloxacin, ethidium bromide, as well as berberine, suggesting that these compounds are modulating agents of norfloxacin resistance, possibly due to NorA inhibition. Molecular docking analysis showed that both khellin and visnagin form hydrogen bonds with Arg310, an important residue in the interaction between NorA and its substrates, supporting the hypothesis that these compounds are NorA inhibitors. These results suggest a possible application of khellin and visnagin as adjuvants to norfloxacin in the treatment of infections caused by strains of S. aureus that overproduce NorA.
Self-Attention Based Time-Rating-Aware Context Recommender System
Authors: Zha Yongfu , Zhang Yongjian , Liu Zhixin , Dong Yumin
Published: September 2022

The sequential recommendation can predict the user’s next behavior according to the user’s historical interaction sequence. To better capture users’ preferences, some sequential recommendation models propose time-aware attention networks to capture users’ long-term and short-term intentions. However, although these models have achieved good results, they ignore the influence of users on the rating information of items. We believe that in the sequential recommendation, the user’s displayed feedback (rating) on an item reflects the user’s preference for the item, which directly affects the user’s choice of the next item to a certain extent. In different periods of sequential recommendation, the user’s rating of the item reflects the change in the user’s preference. In this paper, we separately model the time interval of items in the user’s interaction sequence and the ratings of the items in the interaction sequence to obtain temporal context and rating context, respectively. Finally, we exploit the self-attention mechanism to capture the impact of temporal context and rating context on users’ preferences to predict items that users would click next. Experiments on three public benchmark datasets show that our proposed model (SATRAC) outperforms several state-of-the-art methods. The Hit@10 value of the SATRAC model on the three datasets (Movies-1M, Amazon-Movies, Amazon-CDs) increased by 0.73%, 2.73%, and 1.36%, and the NDCG@10 value increased by 5.90%, 3.47%, and 4.59%, respectively.
Recognition of Handwritten Medical Prescription Using Signature Verification Techniques
Authors: Rani Seerat , Rehman Abd Ur , Yousaf Beenish , Rauf Hafiz Tayyab , Nasr Emad Abouel , Kadry Seifedine
Published: September 2022

Patient record keeping plays a vital role in diagnoses and cures. Due to a shortage of time, most doctors write prescriptions manually in Pakistan. At times, it becomes difficult for pharmacists to read prescriptions properly. As a result, they may dispense the wrong medicine. This might cause risky and deadly effects on the patient’s health. This paper proposes an online handwritten medical prescription recognition system that lets doctors write prescriptions on a tablet using a stylus and automatically recognizes the medicine. We use signature verification techniques to recognize the doctor’s handwriting to overcome the problem of misinterpretation of the medicine name by the pharmacist. The proposed system stores different features like the pen coordinates, time, and several pen-ups and pen-downs. Besides using features already proposed in the literature for signature verification, we propose some new features that greatly enhance recognition accuracy. We built a dataset of 24 medicine names from two users and compared results using newly proposed features. We have obtained 84%, 78%, 77.47% 77.31%, 74.17%, 60%, 38.5%, 68%, and 61.64% accuracies for 9 users using SVM classifier.
SARS-CoV-2 in the Air Surrounding Patients during Nebulizer Therapy
Authors: Gohli Jostein , Brantsæter Arne Broch , Bøifot Kari Oline , Grub Carola , Granerud Beathe Kiland , Holter Jan Cato , Riise Anne Margarita Dyrhol , Smedholen Madelen Foss , Dybwad Marius
Published: September 2022

Nebulizer therapy is commonly used for patients with obstructive pulmonary disease or acute pulmonary infections with signs of obstruction. It is considered a “potential aerosol-generating procedure,” and the risk of disease transmission to health care workers is uncertain. The aim of this pilot study was to assess whether nebulizer therapy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is associated with increased dispersion of SARS-CoV-2. Air samples collected prior to and during nebulizer therapy were analyzed by RT-PCR and cell culture. Total aerosol particle concentrations were also quantified. Of 13 patients, seven had quantifiable virus in oropharynx samples, and only two had RT-PCR positive air samples. For both these patients, air samples collected during nebulizer therapy had higher SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations compared to control air samples. Also, for particle sizes 0.3–5 µm, particle concentrations were significantly higher during nebulizer therapy than in controls. We were unable to cultivate virus from any of the RT-PCR positive air samples, and it is therefore unknown if the detected virus were replication-competent; however, the significant increase in smaller particles, which can remain airborne for extended periods of time, and increased viral RNA concentrations during treatment may indicate that nebulizer therapy is associated with increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Rollover Control of AGV Combined with Differential Drive, Active Steering, and Centroid Adjustment under Slope Driving Condition
Authors: Liu Wei , Yu Yue , Wan Yidong
Published: September 2022

The centroid of the Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) equipped with the load platform is high, and it is prone to rollover when driving sideways on a slope. To solve this problem, this study proposes an anti-rollover cooperative control strategy combining differential drive, active steering, and load platform. According to the characteristics of AGV, the dynamic coupling of each subsystem is analyzed. The expected yaw stability control torque is calculated based on optimal control. The active steering controller is designed based on the model predictive control. The expected roll control torque is solved by the proposed sliding mode variable structure control method to dynamically adjust the centroid. Evaluation of the overall control system is accomplished by simulations and experiments under different load conditions of the AGV in the lateral driving condition on a slope. Compared with the PI controller, the sideslip angle decreases by 14.62% and 18.24%, and the roll angle decreases by 12.38% and 14.93% under high and low load conditions, respectively. The error between the experimental and simulation results is within 7.8%. It shows that the proposed cooperative control strategy can improve the stability of AGV under different load conditions and reduce the rollover probability when the AGV is driving sideways on a slope. This research provides a theoretical and experimental basis for active safety control of AGVs.
Autonomous Classification and Decision-Making Support of Citizen E-Petitions Based on Bi-LSTM-CNN
Authors: Sun Fengmei , Zuo Yi
Published: September 2022

The increasing number of e-petition services requires accurate calculation methods to perform rapid and automated delivery. Automated text classification significantly reduces the burden of manual sorting, improving service efficiency. Moreover, existing text classification methods focus on improving sole models with an insufficient exploration of hybrid models. Moreover, existing research lacks combinatorial model selection schemes that yield satisfactory performance for petition classification applications. To address these issues, we propose a hybrid deep-learning classification model that can accurately classify the responsible department of a petition. First, e-petitions were collected from the Chinese bulletin board system and then cleaned, segmented, and tokenized into a sequence of words. Second, we employed the word2vec model to pretrain an embedding matrix based on the e-petition corpus. An embedding matrix maps words into vectors. Finally, a hybridized classifier based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) is proposed to extract features from the title and body of the petition. Compared with baseline models such as CNN, Bi-LSTM, and Bi-LSTM-CNN, the weighted F1 score of the proposed model is improved by 5.82%, 4.31%, and 1.58%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed automated petition classification decision support system is available on the e-petition website and can be used to accurately deliver petitions and conduct citizen opinion analysis.
Material Analysis and Application Based on Intelligent Computing in the Context of Contemporary Watercolor Painting
Authors: Feng Jianyu , Zhang Yifei
Published: September 2022

Scholars have researched the current situation and development trend of contemporary watercolor materials in terms of material intervention, material expression language, spiritual connotation in material “materiality,” and practical application of materials, which are of profound significance to the consolidation of the theoretical system of watercolor painting in China. However, how to better analyze and apply watercolor materials on the basis of intelligent computing, as well as the material analysis and application based on intelligent computing in the context of contemporary watercolor painting, still has a lack of research at present. Therefore, this study considers the analysis and application of materials based on intelligent computing in the context of contemporary watercolor painting, in an attempt to seek ways to integrate with Chinese watercolor painting and its own national art.
Comprehensive Approaches of Nanoparticles for Growth Performance and Health Benefits in Poultry: An Update on the Current Scenario
Authors: Ahmad Ilyas , Mashwani Zia-Ur-Rehman , Raja Naveed Iqbal , Kazmi Abeer , Wahab Abdul , Ali Amir , Younas Zohaib , Yaqoob Saman , Rahimi Mehdi
Published: September 2022

Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid human population growth. The global poultry industry is a part of the agrifood sector playing an essential role in food insecurity by providing nutritious meat and egg sources. However, limited meat production with less nutritional value is not fulfilling the higher market demands worldwide. Researchers are focusing on nanobiotechnology by employing phytosynthesized mineral nanomaterials to improve the growth performance and nutritional status of broilers as these mineral nanoparticles are usually absorbed in greater amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and exert enhanced biological effects in the target tissues of animals with greater tissue accumulation. These mineral nanoparticles are efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and reach essential organs via blood. As a result, it enhances growth performance and nutritional value with less toxicity and tremendous bioavailability properties. In this review, the research work conducted in the recent past, on the different aspects of nanotechnology including supplementation of mineral nanoparticle in diet and their potential role in the poultry industry, has been concisely discussed.
Transmit Range Adjustment Using Artificial Intelligence for Enhancement of Location Privacy and Data Security in Service Location Protocol of VANET
Authors: Kaushik Shivkant , Poonia Ramesh Chandra , Khatri Sunil Kumar , Samanta Debabrata , Chakraborty Partha
Published: September 2022

IoT or the internet of things is the talk of the town topic being researched in the field of information technology for more than decade. It is being in deployment stage in various developing economics, to enable driverless automobiles in the field of VANET. It helps in preventing crashes and provides urgent medical assistance in emergency case. Data security and location privacy are becoming of most importance in present IT scenario. Unauthorized access to location information of vehicles may pose a significant security threat. So, it is necessary to secure the location information of the vehicle. The proposed work aims at enhancement of location privacy data security in service location protocol of VANET’S. The primary techniques to be employed include artificial intelligence-based RF range approximation for transmission range adjustment and receive RF strength based distance estimation for trusted node location perimeters approximation, dynamic adjustment of silence period of OBU (on based unit) in conjunction with radio/RF interrupt. The unauthorized access to location information of vehicles and need of its privacy is the motivation for this work.
Effects of Borehole Arrangement on Methane Migration and Implications for High Efficiency Extraction in Intact and Tectonic Combined Coal Seams
Authors: Chang Chenxu , Dong Jun , Ju Wenqiang
Published: September 2022

Gas extraction by bedding boreholes is a key means to realize safe mining of coal mine and protect the environment. The traditional bedding boreholes are usually constructed in the center of the coal seam, which may not obtain a high methane extraction rate because of the existence of tectonic coal sublayer with low permeability. In this paper, the gas migration characteristics of combined coal seams composed of tectonic and intact coal sublayers are investigated, and the efficient gas extraction method is further explored. The results indicate that only 2.676 kg/m3 of gas can be extracted under the traditional bedding borehole arrangement in 300 days. The tectonic coal sublayer with low permeability restricts the gas in the intact coal sublayers to flow to the extraction boreholes, which is the main reason for the low gas extraction rate. By arranging boreholes up and down alternately with a vertical spacing of 2.74 m, the maximum gas amount of 3.526 kg/m3 can be extracted, showing an increased rate of 31.8%. The optimal vertical spacing between adjacent boreholes (VSAB) raises with the relatively increasing thickness or decreasing permeability of the tectonic coal sublayer. The optimal VSAB has a linear relationship with the thickness ratio of the tectonic coal sublayer to the combined coal seams. The optimal VSAB can be obtained referring to the numerical relationship, and then, the extraction boreholes can be dilled to achieve efficient gas extraction of combined coal seams. In engineering, the dislocation arrangement of borehole can greatly improve the gas extraction efficiency and coal mine safety.
Water Requirement of Naked Oats under Subsurface Drip Irrigation in the North Foot of Yinshan Mountain Based on Single Crop Coefficient Approach
Authors: Liu Hu , Wang Jian , Li Hongfang , Liu Jianfeng , Cheng Bo , Abiyasi  , Ge Nan
Published: September 2022

In order to accurately and rapidly calculate the water requirement of naked oats under drip irrigation in the north foot of Yinshan Mountain, the study adopted the

K

c

and calculation method for potential evapotranspiration recommended in document FAO56 and applied SCCA to calculate the water requirement of crops based on the deficient irrigation experiments. The results indicated that the water requirements of naked oats without drought influence was 383.8 mm, and the maximum daily average water requirement intensity was heading flowering, which was the critical period of crop water requirement, and the mean value of

E

T

0

in the whole growth period was 3.89 mm/d. After correction,

K

C

of naked oats in the initial growth stage, crop development growth stage, mid-season growth stage, and late season growth stage was 0.34, 0.94, 1.05, and 0.36. The average

K

C

of naked oats in the whole growth stage was 0.71. SCCA does not consider the influence of wetting depth in the initial growth period of crops and the correction of local irrigation in the mid-season and late season stage of crops. Therefore, when the irrigation quota of naked oats is 315 mm, the crop water requirement calculated by SCCA is 363.84 mm, which is about 10% different from the measured value. The results show that SCCA can be used to calculate the water requirement of naked oats under drip irrigation at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia, and the calculation error is within the allowable range. However, it is also necessary to consider the influence of different irrigation forms and plant height of crops on calculation value.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva and Pregnancy: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Forrest Alexandra D. , Vuncannon Danielle M. , Ellis Jane E. , Grunwald Zvi , Kaplan Frederick S.
Published: September 2022

Objective. To evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP; OMIM#135100), an ultrarare genetic disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification of soft tissues and cumulative disability. Methods. This is a retrospective case series of three patients with FOP who were admitted to Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, from to February 2011 to July 2021. Results. Three women delivered preterm infants at our institution. These cases posed unique anesthetic and obstetric technical challenges, particularly when securing the airway and performing cesarean delivery. Importantly, each patient received perioperative glucocorticoids for prevention of further heterotopic ossification. Conclusion. FOP is a unique clinical diagnosis encountered by obstetricians and requires multidisciplinary management for optimal outcomes.
Weak Solutions to a Landau–Lifshitz Equation with a
p
-Laplacian Operator as an Exchange Field
Authors: Men Xiuping , Ayouch Chahid , Tilioua M. , Sidi Ammi M. R. , Zeb Anwar , Sehra  , Djilali Salih
Published: September 2022

We are dealing with the classical Landau–Lifshitz equation with an unusual exchange field expressed in terms of a

p

-Laplacian operator for

p

greater than 2. We obtain weak solutions to the model by using penalization, compactness arguments, and monotonicity method.
Effect of the Sargassum angustifolium Extract on Methamphetamine-Induced Cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Salari Zahra , Abbasnejad Mehdi , Askari Hesni Majid , Esmaeili-Mahani Saeed
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to assess the effect of the Sargassum angustifolium extract in methamphetamine-induced SH-SY5Y cells death. The brown algae S. angustifolium was extracted with 80% ethanol. The SH-SY5Y cells were treated with different concentrations of methamphetamine to measure IC50

..

The MTT test was used to assess the toxic effect of the S. angustifolium extract in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells’ survival was measured while cells were treated with different concentrations of methamphetamine and S. angustifolium extract simultaneously. A specific kit measured intracellular ROS levels. Western blot analysis evaluated the expression of cytochrome C and Bax/Bcl2 ratio. The results showed that 5 mM methamphetamine approximately killed 50% of the cells, so it is considered IC50. The MTT test showed no toxicity effect for the S. angustifolium extract. 80, 160, 320, and 640 μg/ml of S. angustifolium extract prevented the occurrence of methamphetamine toxic effects in SH-SY5Y cells after 24 hours. Moreover, the S. angustifolium extract decreased ROS levels and cytochrome C release and reduced BaX/Bcl2 ratio in cells treated by methamphetamine. On the whole, it seems that the S. angustifolium hydroalcoholic extract has the potential to increase cell survival through in vitro antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities.
Fermentation dynamics, nutritional quality, and heating capacity of mixed silages of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) and Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala)
Authors: Araújo Janiele Santos de , Araújo Cleyton de Almeida , Macedo Amélia de , Silva Crislane de Souza , Novaes Judicael Janderson da Silva , Lima Deneson  de Oliveira , Borges Elizângela Nunes , Gois Glayciane Costa , Araújo Gherman Garcia Leal de , Campos Fleming Sena
Published: September 2022

Leucaena has been used to make mixed silages to obtain nutritional enrichment of the silages. Thus, the inclusion of Leucaena as an additive in mixed elephant grass silages can reduce fermentation losses, and increase the nutritional value and aerobic stability of the mixed silage without changing the fermentation profile. This study evaluated the fermentation profile, nutritional composition, and aerobic stability of elephant grass silages combined with different levels of Leucaena. A total of five inclusion levels of Leucaena (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% on a dry matter basis) were added to elephant grass silages. A completely randomized design was adopted, with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions, totaling 15 experimental silos that were opened after 30 days of sealing. Fermentation profile, chemical composition, and aerobic stability were analyzed. A descriptive analysis of temperature and pH peaks during aerobic stability was performed. The increase in the inclusion of Leucaena in the composition of silages reduced gas and effluent losses, neutral and acid detergent fiber, cellulose, lignin, total and fiber carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients, and resulted in increased dry matter, ether extract, and crude protein. A quadratic effect of treatments was found for the temperature to reach the maximum pH (P=0.009). Aerobic stability remained constant after 40% Leucaena inclusion in the composition of elephant grass silages. The inclusion of Leucaena up to 80% in the composition of elephant grass silages reduces fermentation losses, promotes a nutritional increase, and increases the aerobic stability of the silages.
Terceirização no âmbito da saúde pública: reflexões e parâmetros
Authors: Maggio Marcelo Paulo , Aragão Suéllyn Mattos de , Pack Ewerson Willi de Lima
Published: September 2022

A saúde é direito fundamental, pressuposto da dignidade da pessoa humana, e possui papel de destaque na complexa realidade social que integramos, a ponto de o Estado (gênero) assumir a obrigação constitucional de garanti-la a todos. Nesse contexto e para a máxima efetividade do direito à saúde, possibilitou-se à iniciativa privada participar de forma complementar do sistema público encarregado de assegurá-lo – com preferência a entidades sem fins lucrativos, como é o caso do chamado terceiro setor. Contudo, em sintonia com o constitucionalmente previsto e a bem de sua eficácia jurídico-sanitária, as hipóteses de parcerias do setor público com o privado necessitam observar determinados parâmetros. Com o propósito de colaborar para o debate, após reflexão e sem qualquer pretensão de ordem ex professo, sugestões de diretrizes foram propostas neste trabalho. Para o alcance desse resultado, utilizou-se da fenomenologia ou método de Husserl, pautado por evolutivo esclarecimento de ideias e de apreensão de essências.
Reaping the Benefits of African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA)
Authors: Aziegbe-Esho Ebes , Verhoef Grietjie
Published: September 2022

Africa’s Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) aims to boost intra-Africa trade and to ultimately improve the lives and welfare of Africans. Through a discursive analysis of human capital theory and its relationship with gains to trade, this paper analyses the state of Africa’s human capital in readiness for AfCFTA and provides some policy recommendations. Gains to trade are theoretically and empirically more beneficial to countries with human capital accumulation. Most African countries still have low human capital levels and may not be able to reap the benefits of an integrated free trade area that AfCFTA portends, in terms of employment generation. African countries require a coherent human capital development strategy. This paper recommends a three-pronged approach that includes identifying specific areas of comparative advantage, shifting focus away from the export of natural resources and primary products and developing the knowledge and skills required in the areas of comparative advantage identified.
Hobbes’s Lesser Evil Argument for Political Authority
Authors: Jones Ben , Tian Manshu
Published: September 2022

This article identifies an argument in Hobbes’s writings often overlooked but relevant to current philosophical debates. Political philosophers tend to categorize his thought as representing consent or rescue theories of political authority. Though these interpretations have textual support and are understandable, they leave out one of his most compelling arguments – what we call the lesser evil argument for political authority, expressed most explicitly in Chapter 20 of Leviathan. Hobbes frankly admits the state’s evils but appeals to the significant disparity between those evils and the greater evils outside the state as a basis for political authority. More than a passing observation, aspects of the lesser evil argument appear in each of his three major political works. In addition to outlining this argument, the article examines its significance both for Hobbes scholarship and recent philosophical debates on political authority.
Distribution Network Communication Base on Reflective Fiber Optic Current Sensor
Authors: Tao Qian , Li Chen
Published: September 2022

Fiber optic current sensor has been brought into the practical application. The main research trend is to use special fiber or improve the system structure, so as to deal with the unstable operation of fiber optic current sensor, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of current. The working principle of the reflective fiber optic current sensor is analyzed, and the Jones matrix is applied to characterize the optical components of the system. With the analysis of the error source of the sensor, a mathematical model of optical path error is constructed, including the fabrication error, temperature error, and strain error. Under these error analyses, the design scheme of twisted fiber optic current sensor is further proposed. In view of the structure of the traditional reflective fiber optic current sensor, twisted optical fiber is used for the 1/4 wave plate and sensing fiber part, and the constant-rate twisted optical fiber is used to replace the ordinary sensing fiber. The error caused by the linear birefringence in the optical fiber is reduced, the temperature sensitivity is lowered, the anti-stress effect is improved, and the adverse interference by temperature and strain on the sensing optical fiber is eliminated. The developed fiber optic current sensor is utilized for long-term pilot application in low-frequency distribution network communication. In the simulation test, the reflective fiber optic current sensor designed with a twisted fiber optic structure has a measurement accuracy of 0.5, which meets the system requirements. As error factors is added and corresponding compensation modules are introduced, the measurement accuracy is increased to 0.2. In the pilot applications of distribution network, it can provide comprehensive and real-time information support, thus laying the foundation for the communication management of the distribution network.
Photoelectric Tracking Servo Control System and Its Data Mining Adoption
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Xiao Chuan , Wang Hongyan , Liu Chengming , Sun Qichao
Published: September 2022

Photoelectric tracking control system is a system composed of photoelectric signal detection, signal processing, servo control system, and mechanical structure, which plays an important role in the field of target tracking. In the design process, the overall design scheme of the system
is firstly proposed. In the photoelectric signal detection part, a conversion device for mercury thermometer in non-electric environment is designed. The temperature scale on traditional mercury thermometer is converted into light intensity by optical method, optical signal is transmitted
by optical fiber, and data processing is realized by single chip microcomputer. Giving that the influence of optical path disturbance on the temperature measurement accuracy of photoelectric conversion device, the dual optical path compensation method is adopted to overcome the possible optical
path disturbance in the device. At the same time, the other hardware structure of the control system is also designed, including the main control circuit and peripheral expansion module circuit. In view of PID control can’t solve the contradiction between tracking accuracy and speed,
data mining technology is used to improve it. In the experiment, the photoelectric signal detection device is firstly tested. Model 202-O electric thermostat and CENTER300 thermocouple thermometer are selected. The electric thermostat is used to change the temperature, and the thermocouple
thermometer records the temperature change. The results show that the device has good performance in the whole temperature measurement range, and the temperature fluctuation is between [±0.08 °C,±0.26 °C], which basically meets the accuracy requirements of the device.
When the control system electrode is set at 2,000 rpm, the startup and braking operation shows that the system can enter steady state in a short time. The introduction of data mining technology can reduce the regulation time of the system and reduce the interference of overshoot to the normal
operation of the system.
Photoelectric Computer Simulation of Cu2O/WO3Composite Semiconductor Materials
Authors: Li Ying
Published: September 2022

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a P-type semiconductor material with a narrow forbidden band and shows good optoelectronic performance. Due to the easy composition of photo-induced electrons and holes in Cu2O, the photocatalytic activity is reduced, so it is necessary to reduce the composition of photo-induced electrons and holes in Cu2O to improve its optoelectronic performance. In this work, nano-Cu2O and Cu2O/tungsten trioxide (WO3) composite semiconductor films were first prepared by anodization. Nano-Cu2O/WO3composite semiconductors can be obtained in both alkaline solution and acidic solution. Among them, the granular Cu2O/WO3composite film can be obtained by annealing treatment at 370 °C after anodization at 10 V voltage in the alkaline solution, and its photocurrent density is 50 times that of pure Cu2O film. The flaky Cu2O/WO3composite film can be obtained by annealing treatment at 400 °C after anodization at 0.8 V voltage in the acid solution, and its photocurrent density is 17 times that of pure Cu2O film. The Cu2O/WO3composite film prepared in the acid solution is taken to peel off the single-layer film by the micromechanical exfoliation method, and to construct the semiconductor optoelectronic device based on single-layer Cu2O/WO3by photolithography micromachining technology. The nano-film device is irradiated with different wavelengths of laser light, and it is found that Cu2O/WO3shows excellent photosensitivity. In addition, the current changes greatly under blue-violet light irradiation and changes slightly under red light irradiation. The field effect transistor based on single-layer Cu2O/WO3is constructed, and its field effect transport performance is affected by the adsorption of water molecules. The results reveal that with the increase of relative humidity, the conductivity and switching voltage of the optoelectronic device increase accordingly.
Molten Salt Assisted Synthesis of Boron Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Silver Phosphate
Authors: Liu Feng , Han Rui , Zhang Guojin , Zhang Mu , Chen Jialin , Sun Xudong
Published: September 2022

Thin 2D boron carbon nitride nanosheets (BCNNS) possess high thermal and chemical stability as well as tunable electronic properties, but the lack of effective synthesis methods hinders their practical application. Herein, a facile and efficient approach for the synthesis of large-area
boron carbon nitride nanosheets in molten KCl–NaCl salt media has been proposed. A Single precursor compound, ethylenediamine bisborane, was first heated to 1000 °C in KCl–NaCl salt melts and then held for only two minutes to produce BCNNS. Benefiting from the effective solvation
of precursors and reduced surface energy in liquid salt melt, the lateral size of resultant BCNNS can reach up to 12 microns. The as-prepared products are subsequently used as a co-catalyst with silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) for degradation methyl orange under simulated sunlight.
Due to the improved electronic property and interfacial effect of BCNNS, the photocatalytic performance of Ag3PO4 was significantly improved. The photodegradation rate increased from 0.369 min−1 of Ag3PO4 to 1.006 min−1
of BCN/Ag3PO4 composite with only 0.6 wt% BCNNS loading, a 2.73-fold higher value than that of pure Ag3PO4.
Engineering the Physical Properties of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend Films by Adding Tb–NiO Nanoparticles for Flexible Optoelectronics Applications
Authors: Elhosiny Ali H. , Khan Z. R. , Algarni H. , El-Shamy E. F. , Shkir Mohd. , Khairy Yasmin
Published: September 2022

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (1:1) polymer mixture films were developed using the solution-casting technique. Physical properties engineering of as grown chemical casting films were achieved through the Tb–NiO nanoparticles mixing in a polymer blend with different content of 0.0, 0.037, 0.37, 1.85, and 3.7 wt%. The variation of physical properties of nanocomposites thin layer was examined from X-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscope (AFM), FTIR spectroscopy, and Uv-visible spectroscopy. Optical band gaps of polymer nanocomposites films were calculated to study the influence of Tb–NiO nanoparticle doping are decreased after addition of Tb–NiO nanostructures in the composites. AFM images of films reveal successful adsorption of Tb–NiO nanoparticles in polymer blend. In addition, FTIR spectra showed successful loading of Tb–NiO nanoparticles in PVP/PVA blend matrix. The extinction coefficients, refractive index, optical dielectric constant and optical conductivity were also investigated in correlation with different wt% Tb–NiO doping concentrations. In addition, the values of oscillator, dispersion energiesEo,Edand static refractive indicesnowere calculated. The optical limiting behavior of films showed that the polymer nanocomposite films are suitable for flexible optoelectronics devices.
Numerical Analysis of Corona Pre-Ionization for High-Power Discharge-Pumped XeCl* Excimer Lasers
Authors: Yang Lizhao , Fang Xiaodong , You Libing
Published: September 2022

The working gas of discharge-pumped excimer lasers is generally a mixture of rare gases and monohalide. Typically, the working gas is preconized to generate reproducible uniform glow discharge. In high-power (more than 100 W) excimer lasers, this pre-ionization is achieved through spark
discharge in the discharge chamber. In this study, a high-power discharge-pumped XeCl* excimer laser with corona preionisation was designed to investigate the feasibility of applying corona preionisation in high-power excimer lasers as well as analyse the correlation of corona discharges characteristics
with laser discharge properties. The electron avalanche triggered by ultraviolet preionisation in the laser was numerically studied by creating 2D models. The simulation results revealed that the additional ionisation induced by the secondary electron emission of the cathode together with
the dielectric constant of the corona bars significantly affect the discharge current of the principal electrodes. Under the condition of the design values, the peak preionisation electron density between electrodes was approximately 108 cm−3, and the laser discharge
was quite uniform, which theoretically proved the feasibility of using corona preionisation instead of spark discharge preionisation in high-power practical devices.
Memristor-Based Circuit Design of Non Associative Learning Mechanism
Authors: Sun Junwei , Wang Yangyang , Liu Peng , Wang Yanfeng
Published: September 2022

Associative learning and memory are widely studied, but non associative learning is rarely discussed. A non associative learning circuit based on memristor is proposed in this paper, including habituation, sensitization, presynaptic facilitation, secondary habituation, long and short
term habituation, cross habituation, long and short timescale habituation. Habituation and sensitization in non associative learning are achieved through memristive non-volatility and non-linearity, and presynaptic facilitation is also discussed. Long and short term habituation and secondary
habituation are considered through the synaptic module and the voltage module. Cross habituation and long and short timescale habituation are introduced through the suppression module and synaptic module. The more realistic brain is simulated by artificial neural network through the study
of non associative learning.
First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) Model Approximation and Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controllers Tuning for Multi-Volume Process
Authors: Wang Jin , Wu Xiancong , Li Qiang , Zhao Jian
Published: September 2022

Analysis and controller design for the FOPDT model is widely used because of its simpleness and convenience. In this paper, the problem of the multi-volume process (MVP) being approximated to first order plus dead time (FOPDT) model, as well as its proportional-integral-derivative (PID)
controller arguments tuning is studied. These have been heavily studied in recent years and the methods developed for its optimal design rely on the idea of including several robust performance specifications in the objective function the method presents fast convergence and consists of mentioning
a desired closed-loop transfer function. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and performance index of the integral of the time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) minimum is presented to determine the approximate FOPDT model coefficients of MVP processes, where the order is from two to
fifteen. In addition, the approximate FOPDT model is used to design the PID controller, which is used to control MVP. A large number of tuning methods are provided to analyze and compare the closed-loop control performances. At the end of the paper, two simulation examples illustrate the superiority
and effectiveness of the PID controller design based on the proposed model reduction method. The simulation results show that the reduced-order controller can control a high-order system well, but the process of order reduction is complicated and it needs a long computation time. The FOPID
is a generalization of the conventional PID controller. This is based on an extension calculus. A new method for approximating MVP to the FOPDT model is presented in this paper with more effectiveness.
Switched Equalization with Zero-Voltage Switching for Series Battery Pack
Authors: Yang Wenbo , Dan Qiang , Liu Xiong , Li Chao , Hao Yong
Published: September 2022

The imbalance in cells leads to a decrease in the performance and life of series lithium-ion battery pack, especially in electric vehicles (EVs) field. This paper adopts a switched equalization technology with zero-voltage switching (ZVS) to eliminate the imbalance. The proposed technology
transfers excess energy from cell to pack. Furthermore, the MOSFET switches of switch array can be drive by battery cell for a cheap implementation. The proposed fly-back circuit achieves ZVS when MOSFETs turn off, and recovers the energy of leakage inductance, simultaneously. Hence, the losses
on MOSFET and transform can reduce, and the volume of fly-back circuit may also decrease. The paper details how to design the fly-back circuit, and verifies the technology by experiments.
Design of Optical Fiber Communication System Under Carrier Photodiode/Compact PCI Bus and Signal Data Modulation
Authors: Cui Yuli , Qu Guangping
Published: September 2022

This study was developed to design a high-speed and high-power uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (UTC-PD). Gaussian doping is adopted in the absorption layer, and a thin-doped cliff layer is introduced above the collection layer. The effects on the high-speed performance of UTC-PD are analyzed, and the thickness and concentration of absorption layer, cliff layer, and collection layer are optimized. Then, the carrier optical detector is used in optical fiber communication system, and a small pluggable SFP fiber module is used to realize the conversion of photoelectric signal. Based on the test requirements, the test platform of optical fiber communication system is built, and the CPCI bus based on PCI9054 is designed to communicate with the industrial computer. Meanwhile, a multi-polarization and high-order modulation scheme is designed for optical signal. The effects of transmission power, transmission distance, and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) on the transmission performance of orthogonal amplitude modulation (DP-16QAM, DP-32QAM) signals are analyzed by simulation. Simulation analysis shows that the optimized UTC-PD has improved its high speed and saturation, whose 3 dB bandwidth is up to 56 GHz, and responsiveness up to 0.28 A/W. In high-speed serial differential data transmission, the optical fiber communication system based on carrier optical detector/CPCI bus receives and sends reliably, and the error code value is always 0. Based on the signal modulation scheme in this study, the increase of OSNR can reduce the bit error rate (BER), and the bit error rate of 2A8P-16QAM and 4A8P-32QAM will decrease, that is, the signal transmission needs a higher optical signal-to-noise ratio.
Wireless Position Method for Indoor Personnel Based on Improved Neural Network by Chaotic Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Junlei , Li Chunxiao , Wang Lei
Published: September 2022

The positioning accuracy of the indoor personnel positioning system is low, which cannot meet the needs of an intelligent transformer substation. Therefore, a wireless positioning method for indoor personnel based on the Elman neural network (ENN) using chaotic whale optimization algorithm
(CWOA) was proposed. Firstly, a certain number of sample fingerprint databases were collected by wireless terminals in the wireless network on indoor personnel. Secondly, CWOA was used to optimize the weights and self-connected feedback gain factor of the ENN. Thirdly, the fingerprint database
was used to train and test the optimized ENN, and the position algorithm model of the neural network was established. Finally, the real-time position was achieved with the neural network location algorithm model through the fingerprint data of the position point collected by the wireless terminal.
The results show that the average position error of this indoor wireless positioning method is 1.24 m; ENN position algorithm by the CWOA has a stronger global search ability and is more suitable for the application in the time-varying indoor environment.
Research on Signal to Noise Ratio Characteristic Influence About Temperature Noise to Infrared Compound Eye Lens Array Imaging
Authors: Du Xiao-Yan , Li Jian-Ying , Zhao Wen-Jie , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: September 2022

In order to study the effect of temperature noise on the performance of infrared compound eye lens array imaging system, and based on black body infrared radiation and infrared temperature measurement theory, this paper studied the effects of black body radiation temperature and ambient
temperature changing on the imaging performance about signal to noise ratio (SNR) and definition of infrared compound eye lens imaging system. Theoretical mathematical model about influence of temperature noise on infrared compound eye imaging system was built. After finishing numerical simulation
analysis and experimental test verification, not only the correctness of the model was proved, but also the conclusion was obtained that the clearer the image of the target presented by the compound eye lens array system, that was, the greater the value of SNR was, under the condition of the
lower the ambient temperature noise was relative to the black body radiation temperature noise. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that limited SNR of the imaging capability of infrared compound eye lens array imaging system was about 26.4 db was found in the experiment. A theoretical basis for further
research was provided, which was the control method of how to reduce the influence of temperature noise on infrared compound eye lens imaging system and to improve SNR of the system.
A Novel Fast and Sensitive Fluorescent Hydrogen Sulfide Probe with Large Stokes Shift for Imaging Living Cells and Zebrafish
Authors: He Yuan , Liu Zihan , Han Chen , Sun Shao-Bin , Wu Zongyi , Wang Jian-Yong
Published: September 2022

As an important physiological gas transmitter, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in the immune system and is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases, such as cirrhosis, arterial disease, down syndrome, heart disease, and Alzheimer’s disease.
In recent years, H2S probes have been reported frequently, but they still have some shortcomings, such as slow response time, small Stokes shift and insufficient sensitivity. Herein, a novel H2S probe NM–H2S was designed and synthesized. The probe
NM–H2S emitted red fluorescence at 625 nm, and had a large Stokes shift (130 nm), which significantly reduces the background interference of the probe NM–H2S in biological imaging. The probe NM–H2S showed remarkable fluorescence
color change, rapid response (within 10 min) and high sensitivity (0.4 μM detection limit) to the analyte H2S. Not only that, the probe NM–H2S showed good selectivity in a series of chemical analytes. In addition, the probe NM–H2S
was also capable of detecting H2S in Hela cells and zebrafish by turning on fluorescence in biological applications.