bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Information Technology-based Derby Writing Technique in the Arabic Language Center (PKPBA) Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Authors: Salis Rohmatulloh
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the application of information technology-based Derby Writing technique in the Arabic Language Center (PKPBA) Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang and students' opinions on the use of it. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. Data sources are learning curriculum, learning process, and students. The research instruments are observation and interview. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative data analysis, namely data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The results show that: 1) information technology-based Derby Writing technique in the Arabic Language Center (PKPBA) Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang is applied in several stages, namely: (a) opening and making a WhatsApp group, (b) discussing a topic, (c) asking students to write as many sentences as possible about the topic discussed, taking into account the characteristics of the Derby Writing technique, (d) asking students to take pictures of their writing and sent to the WhatsApp group, (e) students present and discuss the obstacles faced when writing such as new vocabulary, etc., (f) selecting some student writing errors randomly from the WhatsApp group, explaining and correcting them, ( g) looking together at the writings in the WhatsApp group and counting the number of vocabularies to determine the winner, and (h) closing. 2) All students feel happy and think that the application of information technology-based Derby Writing technique is very appropriate because it helps them eliminate fears when writing and improve their habits and enjoyment in writing.
Using Distance EdTech for Remote Foreign Language Teaching During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Ukraine
Authors: Oksana Andriivna Babelyuk , Olena Vasylivna Koliasa , Oksana Pavlivna Kushlyk , Valeriia Mykhaylivna Smaglii
Published: November 2020

The situation with a coronavirus challenged the education system and forced educators to shift to a fully E-learning. Many academic institutions were not ready for such a rapid change. The remote learning of foreign languages during the COVID-19 lockdown caused modern teaching technologies to expand the scope of the educational process, broaden its practical orientation, contribute to the intensification of students' independent work, increasing their cognitive activity. The goals of the article include: to define types and specifics of modern edTech for the educational process on the way of transition from no E-Learning to fully E-Learning; to eliminate the role of the Internet as means of information and communication edTech in teaching foreign languages at higher education establishments; to find out the ways of improving students' learning at higher educational establishments, the importance of using distance edTechs and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, & Challenges (SWOC) analysis of E-learning techniques during the pandemic lockdown. This article also provides the examples of usage of different edTechs in Ukrainian higher education establismens in general. Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Lviv State University of Life Safety, Odesa National Maritime University in particular.
Digital Narrative as A Method of Emergency Distance Learning
Authors: O. Rezvan Oksana , L. Ilienko Olena , I. Zelinska Olga , M. Krokhmal Alla , M. Prykhodko Alona
Published: November 2020

The article deals with digital narrative, which is introduced as a method of emergency distance learning. In the paper, the results of the interviews of the first and second year students of O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv concerning the quick transition to the entirely online teaching mode are presented, the advantages and disadvantages of the emergency distance learning are analysed with the reference to the Ukrainian cultural context. It is emphasized that the modern form of blended learning can be the most effective mode of training if it combines traditional face-to-face classes with online forms of educational communication, which can be easily transformed into emergency distance learning with the entirely remote access. The article constitutes digital narrative as one of the forms of transformation of traditional education into the emergency distance learning. The algorithm for implementing the digital narrative technology in teaching English and Ukrainian as foreign languages is presented. In the article, the discussion components that can be problematic for using digital narrative technology in the process of emergency distance learning are pointed out. In conclusion, the authors resume that the technology of digital narrative as a form of emergency distance learning proved its efficiency in the study of languages both in the face-to-face classes and in the emergency distance learning mode, it has a strong transformational power and can be used for teaching various academic disciplines.
Interdisciplinary Approach to Modeling in Teaching English for Specific Purposes in the Ukrainian Context
Authors: Fedorenko Svitlana , Kolomiiets Svitlana , Tikan Yana , Tsepkalo Oleksiy
Published: November 2020

The article highlights exploiting modeling in the interdisciplinary educational process at a modern technical university in Ukraine. The focus of the study is to consider the interdisciplinary approach to modeling in teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) to develop technical students' strategic competence as the cognitive ability to intervene in solving various problems. The methodology involves the complex of complementary methods: analysis of psychological and pedagogical sources on the issue under study; the observation of the educational process, and monographic practice (interpreting the results obtained in a coherent, logical perspective); generalization and systematization of the collaboration between the Faculty of Chemical Engineering and the Faculty of Linguistics of the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" (after this officially abbreviated name – Igor Sikorsky KPI) on implementing the model of interdisciplinary interaction to develop students' strategic competence through producing secondary sci-tech texts in the course of preparing their qualifying papers. The suggested interdisciplinary model covers three stages of realization: initial stage (activates knowledge in the subject area transferred to the foreign language environment), cognitive-communicative stage (activates the cognitive processes to develop the levels of thinking within the framework of Bloom's taxonomy), and communicative-productive stage (develops communicative strategies for writing abstracts of patent documents in English).
Lingual Means of Imperative in the Lecture and Sermon Discourses
Authors: Oleksandrivna Kravchenko Nina , Andriivna Bondarenko Kateryna
Published: November 2020

The research aims to reveal the peculiarities of the linguistic means of imperative utterances which function in the lecture and sermon discourses. They encourage students/parishioners to engage in the learning process fully. The following tasks were formulated: to categorize imperative utterances in the view of characteristic features of the mentioned discourses; to characterize the lexical-syntactic peculiarities of each type of imperative phrases. The object of the research is an oral English-language institutional discourse of two kinds – academic (lecture) and religious (sermon). The subject of the study is the lexical and syntactic arrangement of imperative utterances in the lecture and sermon discourses. To achieve the aim, both general scientific and unique linguistic research methods found application. Conclusions of the study are as follows: the functioning of imperative utterances in the sermon and lecture discourse is determined by such linguistic and extralinguistic factors as the expressiveness/implicitness of the imperative constructions, the syntactic structure of the imperative constructions, the communicative-pragmatic orientation, and the targeted nature of the order/ localization of the imperative construction in the compositional text structure. In our work, direct and indirect explicit constructions, aimed at an immediate action, are viewed as operational imperative statements. According to the communicative-pragmatic orientation and considering the temporal signs, we distinguish two main types of motivation: simultaneous and post-communicative. The communicative-pragmatic orientation criterion also makes it possible to single out constructions intended to induce physical/mental impact (in lectures) and spiritual/mental impact (in sermons). The prospect of further investigation is studying non-verbal features of lecture and sermon discourses.
Interpreting Jane Austen’s Writing Style: Adaptations of the Novel Northanger Abbey
Authors: Olena Volodymyrivna Hlushchenko , Yevheniia Valeriivna Kornielaieva , Olena Viktorivna Moskaliuk
Published: November 2020

The research paper focused on revealing the individual writing style of Jane Austen based on the novel Northanger Abbey and interpretations of its various adaptations. The purpose of the article is to prove that the individual author’s style can be reconstructed due to different stylistic devices that help the reader to understand the message of a literary work more profoundly and take into account in the process of film adaptations. An author’s style is characterized by numerous factors including spelling, word choices, sentence structures, punctuation, use of literary stylistic devices (irony, metaphors, rhyme, etc.) and organization of ideas, narration structure, and overall tone of the narration. The main analytic procedures used in the research are keyness, collocation, and cluster. The authors also define that the novel under analysis is a parody of Gothic fiction. The author ruined the conventions of eighteenth-century novels by making her heroine fall in love with the character before he has a serious thought of her and exposing the heroine’s romantic fears and curiosities as groundless. The article deals with adaptation as an integral part of the concept of intersemiotic translation. It is possible to say that adaptation is an attempt to translate the content of the adapted material into its screening; intersemiotic translation focuses on the analysis and interpretation of semiotic codes in the scope of adapted material. Seven basic operations used to differentiate the range of adaptation are substitution, reduction, addition, amplification, inversion, transaccentation, compression.
Phonetic Portrait of a Ukrainian EFL Teacher: Prosodic Parameters in Academic Discourse
Authors: Valigura Olga , Parashchuk Valentyna , Kozub Liubov
Published: November 2020

Particular durable second language (L2) pronunciation distinctions of speakers who belong to the same first language (L1) community serve as their instant audio-identification markers, creating their typical phonetic portrait. Deviations in non-native English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher pronunciation remain a vibrant area of research due to their impact on speech intelligibility and comprehensibility, their pragmatic and emotional potential in oral verbal communication. The purpose of this contribution was to establish standard pronunciation deviations in academic speech of Ukrainian EFL teachers, thus depicting their phonetic portrait. A research methodology included acoustic and auditory analyses of pronunciation of British and Ukrainian speakers of English. The findings showed that Ukrainian EFL teachers display a set of common pronunciation distinctions: on the tonal level of the beginning and the end of the intonation group, tonal range, interval, rate and tone movement change in different parts of the intonation group, volume realization, speech rate; lack of qualitative and quantitative differences in the pronunciation of long and short monophthongs in stressed and unstressed syllables, full pronunciation of unstressed vowels. The results will find their application in EFL teacher education programs and further research of the accented speech nature.
The Poly Code Character of the English Learners’ Dictionaries
Authors: Kolegaeva Irina , Strochenko Lesia , Tomchakovska Yuliia , Tomchakovskyi Oleksandr
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with one of the most relevant questions of semiosis in English lexicography. The article studies the mechanism of double encoding a message (verbally and pictographically) to optimize the perception, processing, and storage of information by the user of the dictionary. The aim of the given research is to determine the features of an English poly code dictionary entry as a communicative phenomenon of educational lexicography. The study is based on five lexicographic sources, traditionally called the big five. The research material includes 1640 poly code entries. The article suggests a new interpretation of a poly code entry as a threefold unity of a lemma (the headword), a verbal definition, and a picture. These three constituents jointly name, interpret, and visualize the meaning of a dictionary entry. The article also analyzes the configuration of a poly code entry informational potential in terms of increasing/decreasing of the information presented by the iconic constituent in comparison with the verbal one. The research proves that the whole set of poly code dictionary entries reflects a particular view of the world characterized by absolute anthropocentricity and specific Anglo-Saxon bias. The results of the performed research are significant for English language teaching and learning as they prove that pictographic illustrations that accompany verbal explanations are not purely ornamental. They optimize the readers’ activity of searching, understanding, and memorizing the necessary information
A Comparative Analysis of English and Chinese Reading: Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar
Authors: Mykhailivna Bogush Alla , Mykhailivna Korolova Tetiana , Volodymyrivna Popova Oleksandra
Published: November 2020

The article covers the issues related to the development of reading skills of the students majoring/minoring in English and Chinese (as non-native languages). In the backdrop of linguistic differences between English and Chinese, this action research was conducted to investigate the components of the reading skills, which are to be developed within the Bachelor programs. The primary purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological background for teaching Ukrainian students to perceive information from authentic texts. The methods of induction and deduction enabled us to analyze and generalize the theoretical bases for the investigated topic, to systemize the results of the study (the reading tactics and strategies, classification of reading activities). The study was based on focused observation using the register as a tool for data collecting for two semesters each in three groups of third-year students at Ushynsky University. The total sample size was 54. The article presents an analysis of difficulties in reading English and Chinese texts: 1) phonological level – differences in sound pronunciation (English: /T/, /D/ /w/, /N/, /x/, etc.; Chinese: the alveolo-palatal consonants j, q, x; affricates zh, z; consonant r, etc.), the phonetic phenomena (English: nasal plosion, lateral plosion, loss of plosion, assimilation, reduction/elision, etc.; Chinese: tone, erization); 2) lexical level – conversion (in English) and transposition (in Chinese), homonymy, polysemy; 3) grammatical level – the division of lexicon into parts of speech, different word order in English and Chinese sentences, (non)segmentation of English and Chinese syntagms/clauses/compound sentences, use of tenses, etc. The article contains some recommendations for English and Chinese reading classrooms.
Bilateral Interpretation and Its Teaching Methods to Foreign Students
Authors: Sotnykov Andrey , Bogdanova Tetiana , Vasylchuk Liudmyla
Published: November 2020

Teaching a foreign language is a challenge. In such a case, teaching translation is more than a challenge, primarily if students are taught the bilateral interpretation (Russian and English language combinations), and each of the mentioned above languages is a foreign one for them (our students are from China, Turkey, Japan, Algeria, Egypt, South Korea, and other countries). What are the invariant unbiased difficulties for foreigners determined by the grammatical system of the language combination? Should teachers consider phonetics and peculiar phonetic properties, or is it just enough to familiarize students with them? What are the optimal teaching methods and exercises? What is more important in translation, equivalence, or accuracy? Are the methods of consecutive interpretation’s teaching applicable in bilateral interpretation teaching? To answer these problematic questions, we dedicated our article to the specific features of teaching international students. The study is based on our practical experience of teaching international students. We also present our most productive teaching methods, exercises, and the use of available digital technologies of the 21st century.
Metaphors with Implicit Negation in Modern English and Ukrainian: Сognitive and Linguodidactic Aspects
Authors: BAHAN Myroslava , VALIUKH Zoia , MUNTIAN Oleksandr
Published: November 2020

This article focuses on the cross-linguistic cognitive study of English and Ukrainian metaphors with implicit negation. The paper aims to prove that some metaphors imply the meaning of negation in the dialogues and monologues and to identify the common and divergent parameters of the cognitive-figurative realization of negation in English and Ukrainian. The investigation is grounded on the methods of comparative analysis, conceptual analysis, contextual analysis, and analysis of the dictionary definitions. The study of communicative-pragmatic features of the use of metaphors reveals that they perform the objecting function in the media. Still, they differ from specialized grammatical means of negation in the emotional and associative background, dependence on the context, and vast opportunities of the interpretation. The obtained results indicate that in both languages, metaphors with the implicit negation are connected to the verbalization of the same nine basic concepts: UNTRUTH, INVALIDITY, FAILURE, INEFFICACIOUSACY, RELUCTANCE, UNCERTAINTY, USELESSNESS, INACTION, ABSENCE OF PROSPECT. The study found that often such metaphors are the result of transferring close or similar domains. The authors conclude that English and Ukrainian, despite the fundamental differences in the grammatical realization of the negation, are very similar in the ways of formation the metaphors with the negative meaning. The paper gives some methodological recommendations for a more effective study of the metaphors with implicit negation in the higher educational institutions.
Challenges of Teaching and Learning Business English in Ukrainian Universities
Authors: Avsheniuk Nataliia , Seminikhyna Nataliya
Published: November 2020

The English has been widely used and expanded with the globalization of the business world, notably ESP is considered a part of it. This study aims to seek out the challenges of teaching and learning Business English in Ukrainian universities. Considerable experience as Business English teachers at several Ukrainian universities and ongoing contact with colleagues in the professional community of ESP teachers, provides an opportunity to affirm that the results we found in the empirical study are typical for most Ukrainian universities. This assumption was also supported in the discussions with the ESP teachers from different regions of Ukraine during the British Council's “English for Universities” project (2015-2018). Data collection was done by conducting a questionnaire survey for the ESP practitioners that had the issues in teaching ESP course at the Faculty of Economics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv The findings revealed the challenges that ESP practitioners face, particularly: difference in students’ language competence, course content selection, lack of motivation, in-class hours etc. and possible solutions in overcoming the constraints in teaching. The study suggests that Business English practitioners should develop and improve practical tools for evaluation and certification of results following the requirements and further improvements should be implemented in the methodology and organization of ESP teaching, the content of the course, the course design, the development of course-books and supplementary teaching materials for each specialty.
De reversa y llegando por primera vez a México. Rasgos sociodemográficos de niños y adolescentes que migran de Estados Unidos a México
Authors: Carrillo Cantú Eduardo , Román González Betsabé
Published: November 2020

Este artículo pretende ser el punto de partida para estudiar distintas agrupaciones de niños y adolescentes que migraron con sus familias de Estados Unidos a México, tomando en cuenta aspectos sociodemográficos y etnográficos relacionados con la llegada al país. Para 2010, en México se identificaron más de 570 mil menores de edad nacidos en Estados Unidos y más de 60 mil menores mexicanos retornados, por lo que su llegada representa un flujo migratorio inédito en la historia binacional. Estos niños y adolescentes conforman la llamada generación 0.5, y en sus trayectorias migratorias se encuentran experiencias subjetivas poco estudiadas.
El orden material. Inscripción y cálculo de la materialidad urbana en el caso chileno
Authors: Vergara Vidal Jorge E.
Published: November 2020

Mediante el análisis del desempeño relacional de dos instrumentos gubernamentales utilizados en Chile para consignar datos sobre las edificaciones de obra nueva, se exploran las operaciones de inscripción y cálculo que despliegan y los órdenes de sentido que articulan sobre la materialidad urbana. A partir de ello, el texto discute que su observación empírica está incidida por las comunidades de prácticas a las que se vinculan en sus situaciones de diseño y aplicación, y propone que, tanto sus prácticas de levantamiento de datos como las narrativas sobre la materialidad que emergen de éstos, expresan una objetividad situada en esa red de relaciones.
Una hacienda local pobre: ¿qué explica la recaudación predial en México?
Authors: Unda Gutiérrez Mónica
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza los principales determinantes de la recaudación predial en México de 1990 a 2010. A través de un estudio estadístico, con base en datos a escala municipal, se examinan las principales hipótesis sugeridas por la literatura para entender los niveles de recaudación; es decir, se evalúa la capacidad explicativa de factores económicos, políticos y administrativos. Por un lado, se analiza qué tanto las variables socioeconómicas del municipio, así como el monto de transferencias que reciben, influyen en la recaudación. Y por otro, se sopesa si la capacidad institucional del municipio y el nivel de competencia política influyen en el monto recaudado de predial. Los hallazgos indican que los municipios que enfrentan mayor competencia electoral tienden a no incrementar la recaudación predial; que la capacidad institucional de tesorerías y catastros también influye; que mientras más rico y urbano sea el municipio, más recauda. Por último, se encuentra que las transferencias fiscales intergubernamentales no han desincentivado la recaudación predial.
Viviendas en renta en ciudades mexicanas
Authors: Sobrino Jaime
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en estudiar el número, la evolución, las características y la distribución territorial de las viviendas en renta en México y en sus principales ciudades, así como los atributos sociodemográficos de las personas y los hogares que residen en éstas. La pregunta que guía al artículo es la siguiente: ¿cuál ha sido la importancia de la vivienda en renta en la demanda habitacional del país en el periodo 1950-2015, y cómo se ha relacionado la vivienda en renta con los procesos más generales de la ciudad, como la pobreza, la desigualdad y la segregación? Para cumplir con estos propósitos, se utiliza la información sobre tenencia de la vivienda contenida en los censos de población y vivienda de 1950 a 2010 y la Encuesta Intercensal 2015. El análisis se centra en las 95 ciudades con mayor tamaño de población en 2010. Entre los principales hallazgos destaca que el dinamismo de las viviendas en arrendamiento en México no ha sido significativo, en gran medida por la política habitacional instaurada por el Estado mexicano, que ha priorizado la tenencia en propiedad de la vivienda. El mercado de vivienda en renta se circunscribe a ciudades específicas y a ciertas zonas dentro de las ciudades, especialmente edificios y vecindades ubicadas en áreas centrales. La proporción de viviendas en renta se relaciona con la dinámica demográfica de la ciudad, el mayor número de hogares unipersonales, la densidad de población más alta, su especialización en actividades turísticas y la mayor desigualdad social. Existe también una estrecha relación entre el curso de vida de las personas, el ciclo de las familias y el tipo de tenencia en su selección residencial.
Antecedentes en la investigación sociodemográfica sobre las separaciones conyugales en Latinoamérica, 1980-2017
Authors: Ruiz-Vallejo Fernando , Solsona i Pairó Montserrat
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo sistematizar la literatura sociodemográfica sobre las separaciones conyugales en América Latina entre 1980 y 2017 a través de, por un lado, la identificación de las metodologías y las fuentes empleadas para su estudio, y, por otro, la documentación de los diferenciales abordados en estos trabajos. Los resultados permiten proponer tres narraciones subyacentes a la evolución del tema: a) los trabajos que analizan la separación conyugal como un inhibidor y/o promotor de la fecundidad; b) aquellos que la conciben como expresión de la modernización en el marco del debate sobre la segunda transición demográfica; y c) los que la perciben como un objeto propio de estudio.
Producción discursiva de las políticas de áreas verdes urbanas: Libro Blanco Reverdece tu ciudad y gestión de áreas verdes (2006-2012)
Authors: Ballinas Aquino María Luisa , Hernández Flores José Álvaro
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo desarrolla una propuesta teórico-metodológica que integra diversas estrategias del análisis del discurso con el fin de entender el proceso de la política pública en términos discursivos. Con base en dicho planteamiento, se analiza la producción de políticas de áreas verdes urbanas implementadas en la Ciudad de México durante el periodo 2006-2012. El caso analizado muestra cómo el acercamiento interdisciplinar e interescalar favorece la comprensión de los discursos urbanos y ambientales en su complejidad, evidenciando los mecanismos a partir de los cuales se construyen los conceptos, categorías y narrativas que dotan de legitimidad a la acción pública.
El efecto del consumo de alcohol sobre el trabajo adolescente en México
Authors: Suárez Martínez Juan Francisco , Caamal-Olvera Cinthya G.
Published: November 2020

En México, uno de cada cuatro jóvenes de 12 a 17 años consume alcohol y se encuentra trabajando. El consumo de alcohol está asociado a una mayor probabilidad de trabajar a una edad temprana, y la situación laboral podría fomentar un mayor consumo de éste. Para controlar los sesgos por causalidad inversa y por selectividad, se utilizan como instrumentos la influencia de los pares y las emociones de los adolescentes. Los resultados indican una relación directa y robusta entre el consumo de alcohol y el trabajo de los adolescentes, de entre 2.07 y 2.34 puntos porcentuales.
José Luis Lezama (2019). La naturaleza ante la tríada divina. Marx, Weber y Durkheim. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México, A.C.
Authors: Hernández Jennifer
Published: November 2020

Una rama de la sociología, la ambiental, ha juzgado duramente a los pensadores sociales clásicos por una supuesta exclusión y negación de la naturaleza como un elemento capaz de explicar el hecho social. José Luis Lezama, en un intento por responder a tal crítica, hace acopio de su vasto conocimiento teórico para reinterpretar las voces de los autores clásicos de la sociología –Karl Marx, Émile Durkheim y Max Weber– para dar cuenta de la manera en que han integrado o no a la naturaleza en el estudio de la realidad social. No está de más recordar que la “tríada divina”, nombre que el autor adjudica a estos pensadores, pilares del pensamiento sociológico, ha sido quien más minuciosamente ha logrado explicar la sociedad moderna.
New approaches in smart packaging technologies
Authors:   Marmara University, School of Applied Sciences, Printing Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey, Ozcan Arif
Published: November 2020

Customer expectations have changed due to the developing technology and changing and improving product variety. This has led the printing industry, the packaging sector in particular, to grow considerably. The food industry along with the increasing need to preserve food long periods of time have led to the need to develop methods that preserve the freshness and safety of food products during their shelf-life. For this reason, attention was paid to packaging systems to facilitate food processing, preserve food quality, extend shelf-life, and prevent the food from spoiling. Thanks to these systems, packaging went beyond being a simple barrier outside the food, and has also taken upon roles of releasing protective agents or removing unwanted matter. Microbial growth is one of the most important factors that cause food to spoil. Although the problem has previously been tried to be solved by heating, drying, fermentation, freezing and adding antimicrobial agents, there are limitations, especially when used with fresh food. Today, a new generation of technologies have been introduced to monitor the condition of products with a tiny sensor or label placed onto the packaging. Smart packaging is a packaging material that not only improves the basic functions of a product, but also responds to stimuli around this product. Smart packaging in general, has two main categories, namely intelligent packaging and active packaging. This study will examine the concept of smart packaging that has emerged due to increased competitiveness, digital interaction and consumer awareness, changes in consumer behaviour and expectations, and improved interest in product safety. As a result, it is obvious that state-of-the-art smart packaging, which can connect to the Internet and has many channels of interaction, will bring about new business models and create new customer experiences and will replace conventional packaging, which has no interactions, in the near future.
PCL-TiO2 nanocomposite to improve ageing of offset prints
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia, Hudika Tomislav , Cigula Tomislav ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia, Žličarić Mihaela ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia, Strižić Jakovljević Maja ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: November 2020

UV radiation or sunlight can affect the printed sample by fading the ink surface and therefore the product losses it's decorative purpose and becomes less desirable to the customer. To create the efficient protective coating, titanium dioxide (TiO2) will be used as a well-known compound that should lower the effects of UV radiation. TiO2 should lower the colour fade after UV radiation and this will be determined by densitometric and colorimetric (CIE L*a*b*) measurements. In addition, measurement of print gloss will also be conducted to evaluate visual appearance of the sample. Biopolymer Polycaprolactone (PCL) was the base of the PCL-TiO2 composite in which TiO2 nano sized. To determine influence of the amount of TiO2, three composites were prepared by adding different weight ratio of the TiO2. The prepared nanocomposites were then applied onto the offset prints on gloss art print paper and on the uncoated paper. The results have shown that TiO2 coating does affect ink’s density, colorimetric properties and print gloss after initial coating. The change in chroma due to the accelerated ageing is most visible on yellow ink, cyan and magenta proved to be the more stable. Accelerated ageing caused change in the L* of black. On all colours, increase of the TiO2 weight ratio improved resistance of colour to change. Coated gloss paper was more resistant to density change where uncoated had lower change in chroma. It could be concluded that TiO2 has the ability to protect the prints in the measured time interval but it has to be noted that concentration of the TiO2 particles also causes colour difference and must be observed when defining composure of the nanocomposite.
The effects of fragranced microcapsules application on the physical and print quality characteristics of the prints
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, Milošević Rastko , Kašiković Nemanja ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, Pavlović Živko ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, Petrović Saša ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, Kukuruzović Dragan ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Production Engineering, Novi Sad, Serbia, Urbas Raša ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: November 2020

Today, various coatings are used in the printing industry, which give the printed product various additional features such as functional, decorative and protective properties. As a coating, fragrant microcapsules can be applied in combination with a printing ink or varnish to provide printed products with added value. The functionality of the applied fragranced microcapsules is initiated and achieved by rubbing the applied coating surface, whereby the microcapsules burst open and release the encapsulated active ingredient, the fragrance. In this paper the effects of the applied fragrance microcapsules (in the form of coating) on the print quality and the physical properties of the coated prints are investigated. Performed AFM and print quality analyses of the functional coatings produced showed that the applied fragrance microcapsules and their different concentrations significantly influence both the physical and print quality properties of the prints.
The effect of the virgin fibers to the properties of different paper products
Authors:   Óbuda University, Doctoral School on Materials Sciences and Technologies, Budapest, Hungary, Czene Tibor , Koltai László ,   Óbuda University, Rejtő Sándor Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Engineering, Budapest, Hungary
Published: November 2020

The products from paper are widely used materials with several benefits. The corrugated paper keeps items protected through long-distance logistic processes and constant shipping and handling. The corrugated boxboards are ideal options for any industry’s shipping, packaging and storage needs. Papers and cardboards are quite low cost and also provide environmental-friendly solutions, using recyclable materials such as used corrugated cartons and old newspapers. Recycling offers a reduction in environmental impact in densely populated regions and a large production of paper and board products. Generally, the use of recycled fiber produces paper with poorer mechanical properties due to the decrease in the interfiber bonding. The recycled pulp must be treated to restore its bonding strength, for which there are six methods possible: mechanical treatment, chemical additives, chemical treatment, fractionation, papermaking process modification and blending with virgin fiber. Although some mills produce 100% recycled paper, the majority augment their used pulp with some virgin fiber. Paper properties can be tailored within some ranges by modifying the properties of fibers, but the influence of fine quality on structure, strength and optical properties of paper can be even greater. The properties of papers are essentially determined by their raw materials. Most of these raw materials are made from 100% recycled fiber, but as the quality of the waste fiber varies, different chemicals must be used to provide the desired or expected properties. From an environmental and economic point of view, the use of primary fibers can be an alternative.
Sustainable cardboard label production
Authors:   Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, Yilan Gulsah , Ozcan Arif ,   Marmara University, School of Applied Sciences, Printing Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey, Caglar Tanju ,   Marmara University, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Printing Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: November 2020

Recently, all industrial sectors have shown significantly increasing attention in reaching the sustainability goals regarding economic, environmental, social, and also technological aspects not only at the regional level but also nationwide and even global scale. Aside from being an economically popular concept, sustainability is strictly related to effective resource use and efficient waste disposal. Thus, it functions as a complementary issue to be considered in various production activities. The sustainable production approach includes reducing or (if possible) eliminating the negative impacts on the human health and environment, reducing the waste generated, increasing the recycling rate, and developing energy and material saving processes. The printing industry is one of the most important industries in reaching sustainable production goals. The need for the printed products, which is the focus of this study, is increasing in parallel with the changing consumer expectations and technological developments. However, from the point of the printing industry view, a solid sustainability consensus is not settled among the practitioners, yet. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability of the cardboard label production considering several combinations of raw materials such as paper, ink, and surface coating additives via appropriate Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods. The most frequently used paper and ink types are considered with three alternatives for each. To indicate the sustainability scores economic, environmental, and social evaluation criteria are selected. By applying the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT), the sustainability score of each label is calculated to determine the optimum alternative in terms of the production process and also the material used. This evaluation provides detailed information to the producer and also to the consumer about the alternative production routes to use less energy and raw material, and also to decrease the environmental impacts while sustaining the economic feasibility. Besides, alternative solutions are offered to reach sustainability goals by considering the economic and environmental life cycle impacts of these materials. Hence, an increase in awareness about the printing industry and service channels is expected. Moreover, this study is also important in presenting the applicability of sustainability assessments in the printing industry.
Paper surface efficiency and inkjet colour reproduction on invasive and agro residue papers
Authors:   Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Karlovits Igor , Lavrič Gregor ,   Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: November 2020

Paper surface efficiency was developed by Preucil and was intended to define the colourimetry and geometrical part of the light reflection with paper surface values. The surface characteristics of paper, primarily its roughness and absorptivity affect colour reproduction beside the ink pigments or dye. Rougher paper surfaces scatter the light in a more non-uniform manner while paper absorption may cause ink vehicle absorption and thus decreasing gloss, or it may absorb both vehicles and pigment-producing an unexpected colour shift. The formula was upgraded with paper whiteness values as the basic formula did not explain the whole phenomena. These paper properties were the foundation of the paper standardisation for standardised printing. On the other hand, during inkjet printing, a limited amount of liquid is deposited onto a paper surface. When the droplet hits the surface, it starts to spread and wet the surface depending on the ink and paper properties and had different colourant deposition from the formulas used mainly for offset printing inks. In this paper, we have researched the modified surface efficiency formula applied to inkjet printing (HP PageWide Pro 477dw) on invasive and agro-residue papers with specific non-white paper shades. We have measured the dynamic liquid penetration using ultrasound measurement to model the surface behaviour of the inks and measured CIE LCH values of the samples and calculated the CIE ΔE00 colour differences and the influence of paper surface efficiency and paper shade influence on the colour reproduction. The results indicate that using recalculated Cobb Absorption values gives good negative linear correlation with the original formula regarding the magnitude of colour difference.
Adhesion strength of temperature varied nanocellulose enhanced water based paper and cardboard adhesives
Authors:   Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Šumiga Barbara , Karlovits Igor ,   Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Šumiga Boštjan ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: November 2020

Water-based dispersion adhesives consist of a solid adhesive dispersed in an aqueous phase. These adhesives contain water-soluble additives such as surfactants, emulsifiers, and protective colloids, which act as links between the solid adhesive particles and the aqueous phase. They prevent the adhesive particles from sticking together and separating during storage. During drying, these additives evaporate or are absorbed into the adhesive. Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) are further examples of ethylene copolymers. PVAc is used as an emulsion adhesive for production of bags, sacks and cartons. Recently there have been some preliminary investigations concerning the addition of nanocellulose as adhesion improver. Nanocellulose is a term that refers to nanostructured cellulose. It can be either cellulose nanocrystal (CNC or NCC), cellulose nanofibres (CNF) also called nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), or bacterial nanocellulose, which refers to nanostructured cellulose produced by bacteria. CNF is a material consisting of nanofibrillated cellulose fibrils with a high aspect ratio (length to width ratio). In this study, we tested the adhesion strength of two PVAc adhesives by adding 0,5, 1 and 2% [wt.%] of two types of nanocellulose to two commercial adhesives. The adhesive was applied to the cardboard with a rod coater. To test the influence of temperature, we varied the mixture at two different temperatures (23 and 45°C). The adhered samples were tested for z-direction tensile strength (according to ISO 15754:2009) and T-peel test (ASTM D1876-08) on a mechanical testing device. The results showed no significant improvement in adhesion strength compared to pure adhesive, indicating that further optimization of the adhesive mixture and testing procedure is required.
Lignocellulosic bio-refinery downstream products in future packaging applications
Authors:   Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Karlovits Igor
Published: November 2020

The concept of efficient utilisation of renewable bio-based materials (biomass feedstock) is the driving force in the green transformation to a more sustainable and circular society. Biorefineries or biochemical platforms convert and utilise different sources of biomass into fuels and other beneficial derivates like fibres and other bio-based chemicals. These can be used as building blocks for many potentially useful applications. In this review, we shall describe the current state of the art and trends in the conversion of lignocellulosic feedstock into materials which can be primarily used in packaging applications. The three main constituents (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) are being re-engineered into new products with higher added value. The main goal of all these downstream products is that they do not compete with animal feed and food applications. The main downstream products of different kind of transformations are different natural fibres which can be further processed into micro or nano fibrillated state and used for a broad application of fields from ink, adhesive and packaging materials. Also, fibres and its derivates can be bonded successfully into bio-composites or fibre-based foams applications for the protective packaging applications. Hemicellulose, as a second most abundant component, has been researched for applications in adhesives and paper and paperboard coatings. Lignin which is currently utilised as an energy source for the paper industry, has been recently actively researched. Lignin-based biopolymers have a potential to be used in many different applications from additives in the barrier coatings on the packaging to active packaging and even as lignin-based foams. All these applications are currently in the development stages and cover niche market segments, but are expected to grow and to be used in future markets.
A mini review: Optimal dye removal by fenton process catalysed with waste materials
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia, Kulić Mandić Aleksandra , Bečelić-Tomin Milena ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia, Kerkez Đurđa ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia, Pucar Milidrag Gordana ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia, Pešić Vesna ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia, Prica Miljana ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia
Published: November 2020

Large quantities of solid waste from different industries are commonly disposed in landfills, where can generate wide range of environmental problems. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to give insight on the usage of various waste materials as oxidation catalysts in different Fenton processes for dye removal. In that manner the circular value chain of these materials will be reinforced, obtaining disposal cost reduction and further value addition. Some of industrial wastes (fly ash, electric arc furnace dust, red mud, coal bottom ash, activated carbon from biomass, etc.) that have been used to catalyse Fenton reaction in various researches are reviewed from optimization point of view. Both types of optimization, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface methodology (RSM) are investigated. The study revealed that factors as catalyst concentration, pH value, hydrogen peroxide concentration, dye concentration and reaction time are main factors that influence final Fenton capacity as oxidation process catalysed with reviewed waste materials.