bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative finite analysis of the mechanical behavior of ProTaper NEXT and WaveOne rotary files
Authors: Omar Nada , Ismail Amira Galal , Galal Manar , Zaazou Mohamed H. , Mohamed Mohamed Abdullah
Published: October 2019

Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the stress distribution, estimate the residual stresses, bending, and amount of displacement of two nickel-titanium instruments manufactured by the same M-wire technology but with different cross-section.

Materials and methods

Two brands of Ni-Ti instruments ProTaper NEXT (Dentsply Maillefer), and WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were scanned with stereomicroscope to produce a two-dimensional model for each file using computer-aided design programs (CAD) (SolidWorks software package), which then was converted into stereolithographic extension to be readable by programming software (MATLAB software) to produce three-dimensional models. The mathematical analysis of files was performed on SolidWorks software package. The mechanical behavior of the two files was analyzed numerically in a SolidWorks package to simulate and measure torsion, bending, and file displacement. Application of a shear moment (torsion) 2.5 N/mm moment of force was applied to the shaft in a clockwise direction, while the last 4 mm of the tip was rigidly constrained to evaluate the stress distribution on each file. As for Cantilever bending, a concentrated load of 1 N at the tip of the file with its shaft rigidly held in place was applied for the finite element models. The vertical displacement was measured and the von Mises stress distribution was evaluated.

Results

The WaveOne file showed higher torsional stresses accumulation than those accumulated in the ProTaper NEXT. While the ProTaper NEXT showed more bending and file displacement than those showed by WaveOne file.

Conclusions

The two files rotary models highlighted the different mechanical properties of the files although they share the same manufactured technology M-wire. The ProTaper NEXT showed less torsional stress accumulation and more bending properties.
Traditional knowledge, uses, and perceptions of mushrooms among the Wixaritari and mestizos of Villa Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Haro-Luna Mara Ximena , Ruan-Soto Felipe , Guzmán-Dávalos Laura
Published: October 2019

The relationship between humans and nature is defined by culture. Accordingly, the use, conceptions, and perceptions of resources differ among cultural groups, even among those inhabiting the same region or those who come into contact with the same biota. In particular, mushrooms evoke a wide range of sentiments. During ethnobiological tours in Mexico, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 37 individuals of each community, from ten Wixarika and mestizo communities, living in the same locality and sharing similar resources, in the municipality of Villa Guerrero in northern Jalisco, Mexico. Furthermore, informal interviews with four Wixarika and five mestizo key informants were conducted. The topics treated were regarding the traditional nomenclature and classification, uses, and knowledge of mushrooms and related practices. Wixarika names of 37 mushroom species with edible, medicinal, and recreational uses were recorded. In addition, the Wixaritari were found to associate toxic mushrooms with the divine, as evidenced by one case of the use of mushrooms as a hierophanic agent. Each culture’s knowledge of the phenology and ecology of mushrooms was recorded in addition to data highlighting the cultural exchange between the Wixaritari and mestizos. However, a loss in the knowledge and practices concerning mushrooms was observed as a result of social changes. Even so, both cultures prefer mushrooms to other foods, including meat, especially Volvariella bombycina and Pleurotus djamor.
Evidence That the LH Surge in Ewes Involves Both Neurokinin B–Dependent and –Independent Actions of Kisspeptin
Authors: Goodman Robert L , He Wen , Lopez Justin A , Bedenbaugh Michelle N , McCosh Richard B , Bowdridge Elizabeth C , Coolen Lique M , Lehman Michael N , Hileman Stanley M
Published: October 2019

Recent evidence has implicated neurokinin B (NKB) signaling in the retrochiasmatic area (RCh) of the ewe in the LH surge. To test this hypothesis, we first lesioned NK3R neurons in this area by using a saporin conjugate (NK3-SAP). Three weeks after bilateral injection of NK3-SAP or a blank control (BLK-SAP) into the RCh, an LH surge was induced by using an artificial follicular-phase model in ovariectomized ewes. NK3-SAP lesioned approximately 88% of RCh NK3R-containing neurons and reduced the amplitude of the estrogen-induced LH surge by 58%, an inhibition similar to that seen previously with intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of a KISS1R antagonist (p271). We next tested the hypothesis that NKB signaling in the RCh acts via kisspeptin by determining whether the combined effects of NK3R-SAP lesions and icv infusion of p271 were additive. Experiment 1 was replicated except that ewes received two sequential artificial follicular phases with infusions of p271 or vehicle using a crossover design. The combination of the two treatments decreased the peak of the LH surge by 59%, which was similar to that seen with NK3-SAP (52%) or p271 (54%) alone. In contrast, p271 infusion delayed the onset and peak of the LH surge in both NK3-SAP– and BLK-SAP–injected ewes. Based on these data, we propose that NKB signaling in the RCh increases kisspeptin levels critical for the full amplitude of the LH surge in the ewe but that kisspeptin release occurs independently of RCh input at the onset of the surge to initiate GnRH secretion.
A Control Region Near the Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Gene Mediates Response to Phosphate, 1,25(OH)2D3, and LPS In Vivo
Authors: Lee Seong Min , Carlson Alex H , Onal Melda , Benkusky Nancy A , Meyer Mark B , Pike J Wesley
Published: October 2019

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone involved in the control of phosphate (P) homeostasis and vitamin D metabolism. Despite advances, however, molecular details of this gene’s regulation remain uncertain. In this report, we created mouse strains in which four epigenetically marked FGF23 regulatory regions were individually deleted from the mouse genome using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology, and the consequences of these mutations were then assessed on Fgf23 expression and regulation in vivo. An initial analysis confirmed that bone expression of Fgf23 and circulating intact FGF23 (iFGF23) were strongly influenced by both chronic dietary P treatment and acute injection of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. However, further analysis revealed that bone Fgf23 expression and iFGF23 could be rapidly upregulated by dietary P within 3 and 6 hours, respectively; this acute upregulation was lost in the FGF23-PKO mouse containing an Fgf23 proximal enhancer deletion but not in the additional enhancer-deleted mice. Of note, prolonged dietary P treatment over several days led to normalization of FGF23 levels in the FGF23-PKO mouse, suggesting added complexity associated with P regulation of FGF23. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 also revealed a similar loss of Fgf23 induction and blood iFGF23 levels in this mouse. Finally, normal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction of Fgf23 expression was also compromised in the FGF23-PKO mouse, a result that, together with our previous report, indicates that the action of LPS on Fgf23 expression is mediated by both proximal and distal Fgf23 enhancers. These in vivo data provide key functional insight into the genomic enhancers through which Fgf23 expression is mediated.
Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Novel Genetic Variants (SRY, DMRT1, NR5A1, DHH, DHX37) in Adults With 46,XY DSD
Authors: Buonocore Federica , Clifford-Mobley Oliver , King Tom F J , Striglioni Niccolò , Man Elim , Suntharalingham Jenifer P , del Valle Ignacio , Lin Lin , Lagos Carlos F , Rumsby Gill , Conway Gerard S , Achermann John C
Published: October 2019

Context

The genetic basis of human sex development is slowly being elucidated, and >40 different genetic causes of differences (or disorders) of sex development (DSDs) have now been reported. However, reaching a specific diagnosis using traditional approaches can be difficult, especially in adults where limited biochemical data may be available.

Objective

We used a targeted next-generation sequencing approach to analyze known and candidate genes for DSDs in individuals with no specific molecular diagnosis.

Participants and Design

We studied 52 adult 46,XY women attending a single-center adult service, who were part of a larger cohort of 400 individuals. Classic conditions such as17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency type 3, 5α-reductase deficiency type 2, and androgen insensitivity syndrome were excluded. The study cohort had broad working diagnoses of complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25), a group that included partial gonadal dysgenesis and those with a broad “partial androgen insensitivity syndrome” label. Targeted sequencing of 180 genes was undertaken.

Results

Overall, a likely genetic cause was found in 16 of 52 (30.8%) individuals (22.2% CGD, 40.0% pvDSD). Pathogenic variants were found in sex-determining region Y (SRY; n = 3), doublesex and mab-3–related transcription factor 1 (DMRT1; n = 1), NR5A1/steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) (n = 1), and desert hedgehog (DHH; n = 1) in the CGD group, and in NR5A1 (n = 5), DHH (n = 1), and DEAH-box helicase 37 (DHX37; n = 4) in the pvDSD group.

Conclusions

Reaching a specific diagnosis can have clinical implications and provides insight into the role of these proteins in sex development. Next-generation sequencing approaches are invaluable, especially in adult populations or where diagnostic biochemistry is not possible.
N-cadherin stabilises neural identity by dampening anti-neural signals
Authors: Punovuori K. , Migueles R. P. , Malaguti M. , Blin G. , Macleod K. G. , Carragher N. O. , Pieters T. , van Roy F. , Stemmler M. P. , Lowell S.
Published: October 2019

A switch from E- to N-cadherin regulates the transition from pluripotency to neural identity, but the mechanism by which cadherins regulate differentiation was previously unknown. Here we show that the acquisition of N-cadherin stabilises neural identity by dampening anti-neural signals. We use quantitative image-analysis to identify an effect of N-cadherin to promote neural differentiation independently of effects on cell cohesiveness. We reveal that cadherin switching diminishes the level of nuclear β-catenin, and that N-cadherin also dampens FGF activity and consequently stabilises neural fate. Finally, we compare the timing of cadherin switching and differentiation in vivo and in vitro, and find that this process becomes dysregulated during in vitro differentiation. We propose that N-cadherin helps to propagate a stable neural identity throughout the emerging neuroepithelium, and that dysregulation of this process contributes to asynchronous differentiation in culture.
Harnessing region-specific neurovascular signaling to promote germinal matrix vessel maturation and hemorrhage prevention
Authors: Santhosh Devi , Sherman Joe , Chowdhury Shafi , Huang Zhen
Published: October 2019

Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH), affecting about 1 in 300 births, is a major perinatal disease with lifelong neurological consequences. Yet despite advances in neonatal medicine, there is no effective intervention. GMH is characterized by localized bleeding in the germinal matrix (GM), due to inherent vessel fragility unique to this developing brain region. Studies have shown that reduced TGFβ signaling contributes to this vascular immaturity. We have previously shown that a region-specific G-protein coupled receptor pathway in GM neural progenitor cells regulates integrin β8, a limiting activator of pro-TGFβ. In this study, we use mice to test if this regional pathway can be harnessed for GMH intervention. We first examined the endogenous dynamics of this pathway and found that it displays specific patterns of activation. We then investigated the functional effects of altering these dynamics by chemogenetics. To our surprise, we found that there is a narrow developmental window during which this pathway is amenable to manipulation. While high-level activity in this time window interferes with vessel growth, moderate enhancement promotes vessel maturation without compromising growth. Furthermore, we found that enhancing the activity of this pathway in a mouse model rescues all GMH phenotypes. Altogether, these results demonstrate that enhancing neurovascular signaling through pharmacological targeting of this pathway may be a viable approach for tissue-specific GMH intervention. They also demonstrate that timing and level are likely two major factors critical for success. These findings thus provide critical new insights into both brain neurovascular biology and the intervention of GMH.
Unintended perturbation of protein function using GFP nanobodies in human cells
Authors: Küey Cansu , Larocque Gabrielle , Clarke Nicholas I. , Royle Stephen J.
Published: October 2019

Tagging a protein of interest with GFP using genome editing is a popular approach to study protein function in cell and developmental biology. To avoid re-engineering cell lines or organisms in order to introduce additional tags, functionalized nanobodies that bind GFP can be used to extend the functionality of the GFP tag. We developed functionalized nanobodies, which we termed ‘dongles’, that could add, for example, an FKBP tag to a GFP-tagged protein of interest, enabling knocksideways experiments in GFP knock-in cell lines. The power of knocksideways is that it allows investigators to rapidly switch the protein from an active to an inactive state. We show that dongles allow for effective knocksideways of GFP-tagged proteins in genome-edited human cells. However, we discovered that nanobody binding to dynamin-2–GFP caused inhibition of dynamin function prior to knocksideways. The function of GFP-tagged tumor protein D54 (TPD54, also known as TPD52L2) in anterograde traffic was also perturbed by dongles. While these issues potentially limit the application of dongles, we discuss strategies for their deployment as cell biological tools.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Risk of post-operative, pre-radiotherapy contralateral neck recurrence in patients treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for human papilloma virus-associated tonsil cancer
Authors: Gershowitz Jared , Chao Hann-Hsiang , Doucette Abigail , Lukens John N , Swisher-McClure Samuel , Weinstein Gregory S , O’Malley Jr Bert W , Chalian Ara A , Rassekh Christopher H , Newman Jason G , Cohen Roger B , Bauml Joshua M , Aggarwal Charu , Lin Alexander
Published: October 2019

Objective:

One approach to reduce treatment-related morbidity for human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated tonsil cancer is omitting radiotherapy to the contralateral neck. Pathologic risk factors for early contralateral neck disease, however, are poorly understood. We report on the risk contralateral neck failures from the time of pre-operative diagnostic imaging to time of planning for adjuvant radiation in a single institution series of HPV-associated tonsillar cancer patients undergoing surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT).

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 123 patients with T1–T3 HPV-positive tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma treated between 2010 and 2016 with transoral robotic surgery and selective ipsilateral neck dissection followed by adjuvant RT. Contralateral neck recurrence was classified as the detection of a pathologic node in the contralateral neck prior to initiation of adjuvant RT.

Results:

Seven patients (5.7%) developed contralateral neck disease/failure between the time of pre-operative diagnostic neck imaging and time of planning of adjuvant radiation. Increased ratio of positive/resected nodes [odds ratio (OR) 1.073, p = 0.005] was significantly associated with increased risk of contralateral neck recurrence, with a trend found for close/positive margins (OR 5.355, p = 0.06), tumor size (OR 2.046, p = 0.09), and total number of nodes positive (OR 1.179, p = 0.062).

Conclusions:

Patients who develop very early contralateral neck disease, between completion of ipsilateral neck dissection and the initiation of radiotherapy, have a higher ratio of positive nodes to total nodes resected in the ipsilateral neck. These findings suggest that proper selection of patients for omission of treatment of the contralateral, node-negative neck should be made with this in mind, with future studies needed to document the impact on toxicity and disease outcomes from such an approach.

Advances in knowledge:

Pathologic risk factors in the dissected, ipsilateral neck in patients with tonsil cancer may inform the risk of contralateral neck failure. Patient selection for future, prospective efforts to examine sparing of the contralateral neck need to be based with these risk factors in mind.
A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Eyelid
Authors: Hayat Nausheen , Afzal Muhammad Mohsin , Dembra Vijay
Published: October 2019

Solitary fibrous tumor are rare and benign, soft tissue growth of any part of the human body including orbit and eyes. This case report describes a middle age female presented with a slow-growing painless mass in the superior orbital sulcus in the left eye. The lesion was surgically excised revealing the microscopic features characteristic of solitary fibrous tumor, with immunohistochemically reactivity for CD34 and STAT6 stains. Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is typically cured with complete surgical excision and CD34 immunohistochemistry proved to be a useful adjunct to the microscopic diagnosis of this type of tumor.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1086

How to cite this:Hayat N, Afzal MM, Dembra V. A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Eyelid. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1745-1748. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1086

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Addiction of tobacco chewing and smoking in the patients of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A descriptive epidemiological study in Pakistan
Authors: Kanwal Madiha , Haider Ghulam , Zareef Uzma , Saleem Saima
Published: October 2019

Objective: The associated risk factors for the majority of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are tobacco and betel nut abuse, while there also seems to be a rising proportion of patients who report no history of tobacco or betel nut usage. Therefore, objective of the study was to find out potential risk factors and demographics of HNSCC patients addicted to tobacco and/or betel nut, as well as non-addicted patients.

Methods: This epidemiological study was conducted in Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) from January to December 2016. All subjects were participants in an epidemiological study of HNSCC. Demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained for 185 addicted and 26 non-addicted patients.

Results: Non-addicted patients were more likely to be females (2=19.0, p<0.001) and were significantly younger than addicted patients (2=21.0, p<0.001). Addicted patients more likely belonged to a lower income group (2=14.4, p=0.006) and had a higher proportion of oral cancers (2=30.0, p<0.001). Almost all addicted females had oral cancers (97%), whereas more than half of the non-addicted females had oral cancers (53%).

Conclusions: Addicted patients commonly have oral cavity cancers. This might be due to the habit of chewing tobacco and/or betel nut that addicted patients have. Non-addicted patients are commonly young females. It is likely that no single known factor is responsible for HNSCC in non-addicted patients, and several occupational exposure studies in future may be important to the etiology of non-addicted patients.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1309

How to cite this:Kanwal M, Haider G, Zareef U, Saleem S. Addiction of tobacco chewing and smoking in the patients of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A descriptive epidemiological study in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1712-1717.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1309

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The negative effects of anterior cruciate ligament injury during stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Alzamil Nawaf , Qureshi Ahmad Zaheer , Rathore Farooq Azam , Ullah Sami
Published: October 2019

Musculoskeletal problems are commonly reported after stroke resulting in abnormal gait biomechanics, pain, and limitation in performing activities of daily living. Anterior circulate ligament is the most frequently injured knee ligament accounting for approximately 50% of all ligament injuries; however, post stroke anterior cruciate ligament injury is rarely reported. We present a case of a 58-year-old female admitted for inpatient stoke rehabilitation after a left middle cerebral artery stroke. After gaining considerable functional recovery, she was planned to be discharged in two weeks’ time when she tripped resulting in a torn anterior cruciate ligament on the hemiperetic side. This resulted in increase in the length of stay and loss of functional gains. We discuss the possible mechanisms and the management plan. Patients with stroke should be monitored for musculoskeletal complications and preventive strategies should be devised to protect from possible ligamentous injuries of the knees.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.974

How to cite this:Alzamel N, Qureshi AZ, Rathore FA, Ullah S. The negative effects of anterior cruciate ligament injury during stroke rehabilitation. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1740-1744. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.974

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Evaluation of the scholastic performance of students in 12 programs from a private university in the south-west geopolitical zone in Nigeria
Authors: Ogundokun Roseline O. , Adebiyi Marion O. , Abikoye Oluwakemi C. , Oladele Tinuke O. , Lukman Adewale F. , Adeniyi Abidemi E. , Adegun Adekanmi A. , Gbadamosi Babatunde , Akande Noah O.
Published: October 2019

Cumulative grade point average (CGPA) is a system for calculation of GPA scores and is one way to determine a student's academic performance in a university setting. In Nigeria, an employer evaluates a student's academic performance using their CGPA score. For this study, data were collected from a student database of a private school in the south-west geopolitical zone in Nigeria. Regression analysis, correlation analysis, and analysis of variance (F-test) were employed to determine the study year that students perform better based on CGPA. According to the results, it was observed that students perform much better in year three (300 Level) and year four (400 Level) compared to other levels. In conclusion, we strongly recommend the private university to introduce program that will improve the academic performance of students from year one (100 level).
Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in Type I and II epithelial ovarian cancer among Sudanese women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Osman Mohamed Aisha , Husain Nazik Elmalaika , Eljaili Elmassry Rawia , Alnageeb Lubna , Elhassan Mohammed , Siddig Abdelaziz Mohammed
Published: October 2019

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies worldwide. In Sudan, ovarian cancer represents the fourth most frequent tumors among females. TP53 somatic mutations is a defining feature of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. However, p53 sequencing is not feasible in most low- and middle-income countries, like Sudan, and its frequency varies greatly. The study aimed to determine the frequency of p53 overexpression and its relationship with tumor types I and II and tumor grade among Sudanese women with EOC.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, hospital-based study a total of 114 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks previously diagnosed as epithelial ovarian cancer were collected from six governmental hospitals in Khartoum state, Sudan, in the period 2013-2016. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarray slides to measure the protein expression of p53 in the EOC.

Results: Overexpression of p53 was detected in 35.1% (n=40/114) of  EOC samples, with a higher frequency in women with Type II 53.7% (n= 29/54)  than type I 18.5% (n= 10/54)  (P= 0.000). Also, a high frequency of p53 overexpression was evident in 49.2% (n= 30/61) of high-grade carcinoma compared with 16.7% (n= 1/6) of non-graded borderline tumors, and in 19.1% (n= 9/47) of low-grade tumors (P= 0.003). A high-grade serous carcinoma harbor p53 overexpression in 53.7% (n= 29/54) and none of low-grade serous carcinoma harbor p53 overexpression. Our result showed a significant association between p53 overexpression and tumor types and grades (P = 0.000 and 0.003, respectively)

Conclusion:  p53 over-expression was detected in one-third of Sudanese women with EOC.  It was more common in type II EOC and high-grade serous, but negative in low-grade serous tumors. Our result showed a significant association between p53 over-expression and tumor type and grade, and can help discriminate between high- and low-grade serous carcinomas.
Legal benefits
Authors: Барзилова Инна , Barzilova Inna
Published: October 2019

In the Russian legal system, in the context of the development of digital technologies, the search for new approaches to the use of benefits is carried out. The use of various kinds of tax, customs preferences, subsidies, subsidies, subventions, privileges and immunities is an important condition for the development and functioning of economic relations.
The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive theoretical study of legal benefits, the problems of their institutionalization in modern Russian legislation and practice, the history of formation and development.
For researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students, employees of the state apparatus.
Role of designed Bio-Geometrical forms in antagonizing neurobehavioral burden of Wi-Fi radiation: Evidence-based experimental study
Authors: Sharaf Nevin E. , Galal Asmaa F. , El-Sawy Mohamed S. , Shalby Aziza B. , Sayed Alaa H. , Ahmed Hanaa H.
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the impact of Wi-Fi signals exposure on cognitive function and its relevant brain biomarkers and the possible role of designed Bio-Geometrical forms in restoring the neurobehavioral alterations resulting from the exposure to the emerging radiation.Rats were assigned into 3 groups; Gp I control group (away from exposure to radiation); Gp II, III were exposed to wireless router signals for 24 h for 6 months and Gp III was protected by a set of designed BioGeometrical shapes. Animals were tested for spatial memory, anxiety and emotionality in addition to the related neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine) in different brain areas. Melatonin, Heat Shock Protein (HSP-70) and acetylcholine esterase (AchE) were also measured in various brain regions and histopathological examination was carried out as well. Wi-Fi radiation exposed group showed elevated anxiety level and impaired spatial memory. Moreover, significant decline in dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine levels in the investigated brain areas has been recorded. Melatonin levels were decreased in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus while HSP-70 was depleted in the cortex only. Using Bio-Geometrical forms along with Wi-Fi exposure could combat the burden of Wi-Fi radiation. This was evidenced by the recovery of the anxiety level and the improvement of memory task. In addition, the presence of Bio-Geometrical shapes could retrieve dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine as well as melatonin and HSP-70 levels This study provides solid foundation for the potential use of Bio-Geometrical shapes to modify the insult of Wi-Fi radiation on brain function and structure.
Dibujando cuidados profesionales de enfermería: Relatos de memorias del Norte Chileno a partir de 1952
Authors: Nuñez Elizabeth Rocio , Macias Lylian , Navarro Rossana , Loyola Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: El artículo tiene por objetivo describir el ejercicio del cuidado de las enfermeras del norte de Chile en el contexto de la nueva institucionalidad del Servicio Nacional de Salud a partir de 1952.Método: Se realizó una revisión histórico-práctica de las formas de cuidados de las enfermeras posterior a la creación del Servicio Nacional de Salud, las fuentes primarias son relatos de vida de enfermeras,  con fuentes secundarias que dieran cuenta de la contextualización del período de tiempo.Resultados: Se obtuvieron las siguientes categorías, antecedentes de la creación del Servicio Nacional de Salud y zona norte de Chile, la ciencia de la enfermería en el cuidado cotidiano, el conocimiento personal y el contexto sanitario de la época, las tensiones ética en el cuidado y la emancipación de las enfermeras.Conclusiones: El Servicio Nacional de Salud otorgó una estructura sanitaria de responsabilidad del Estado chileno por la salud de todos sus habitantes. En este escenario las enfermeras profesionales aplicaron la ciencia de enfermería en los cuidado de hospitales y comunidades. Dado el escenario de carencia social se desafío el conocimiento personal de cada una y de esta forma las empoderó en el desarrollo de su rol profesional.
Prácticas de cuidado cultural de mujeres con morbilidad materna extrema
Authors: Hoyos Vertel Luis Miguel , Muñoz de Rodriguez Lucy
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo se genera a partir de los resultados de la investigación: Creencias y prácticas de cuidado cultural de mujeres con morbilidad materna extrema, (Hoyos & Muñoz, 2017).Objetivo: Describir las creencias y prácticas de cuidado cultural de mujeres que tuvieron morbilidad materna extrema, inasistentes al control prenatal y atendidas en un Hospital de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia.Método: Cualitativo, etnográfico, utilizando la etnoenfermería propuesto por Leininger y la entrevista etnográfica de Spradley.Muestra: 17 mujeres con morbilidad materna extrema, inasistentes a control prenatal.Resultados: Se encontró 3 temas generales y 2 taxonomías.Conclusiones: El estudio concluyó que la mujer con morbilidad materna extrema, inasistente al control prenatal tiene sus propios modos de cuidado a sí misma y al hijo por nacer cuando está enferma, porque el acceso a los servicios en salud materna es deficiente.
Percepciones y prácticas sobre salud-enfermedad y muerte de una madre emberá chamí, una aproximación etnográfica
Authors: Fiscal Idrobo Lucely Marisel , Arboleda Sarmiento Juan Camilo , Vargas-Escobar Lina María , López Posada Karen Johana , Mejia Rendon Yahel Tatiana
Published: October 2019

Este artículo explora las percepciones sobre salud- enfermedad y muerte que tiene una madre Emberá Chamí, una indígena colombiana que vivió el proceso de enfermedad de uno de sus hijos. La investigación se realizó mediante un estudio de caso cualitativo tipo interpretativo con abordaje etnográfico, El análisis de los datos se clasificó por categorías y subcategorías estructurando de esta manera la información. La percepción que tiene la madre Embera Chamí sobre el concepto de salud, enfermedad y muerte son constructos formados a través de las experiencias vividas sobre su experiencia con un hijo con cáncer, donde entran a participar las creencias culturales, la medicina occidental y el proceso de aculturación. El presente trabajo como profesionales de salud permitió un acercamiento cultural enriquecedor identificando la diversidad cultural de los pacientes en el contexto colombiano a que se ven enfrentados, las costumbres y la cosmovisión, la necesidad de aplicar los cuidados transculturales y los cuidados paliativos como parte esencial de la atención a pacientes con enfermedades crónicas. El comprender la situación del otro ayuda a ampliar las perspectivas de manejo con respecto al cuidado llegando a acuerdos culturales que beneficien la salud de la población indígena.
Biodegradasi Anaerobik Makroalga Ulva sp. untuk Menghasilkan Biogas dengan Metode Batch
Authors: Krisye Krisye , Kawaroe Mujizat , Hasanudin Udin
Published: October 2019

Anaerobic Biodegradation of Macroalgae Ulva sp. for Biogas Production with Batch Method. High carbohydrate and low lignin content of macroalgae Ulva sp. constitute their advantages as a potential substrate for biogas production. Biogas was generated through anaerobic biodegradation process using batch method. This study aimed to determine the potential of biogas and methane produced by Ulva sp. in a batch system. The research was conducted from December 2013 to July 2014 in the Laboratory of Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Centre (SBRC) of Bogor Agricultural Institute, Testing Laboratory of Agroindustry Technology Department of Bogor Agricultural Institute; and Agroindustrial Waste Management Laboratory of University of Lampung. The study started with proximate analysis, followed by manufacturing of cow dung starter, acclimatization process, and anaerobic biodegradation using the batch method. The result was analyzed using statistical program SPSS 17. Proximate analysis of Ulva sp. resulted in water content 16,7% , ash 14,9%, fat 2,9%, carbohydrates 60,3%, protein 5,3%, lignin 4,6%, total organic carbon 26,1%, nitrogen 1,3%, and C/N ratio 20,5. After acclimatization process, the biogas produced from 8.8 L of Ulva sp. biomass was 70.9 L with the pH ranged from 6.3 to 7.1, while anaerobic biodegradation process using batch method produced 153.9 L biogas with methane content of 51.1 L from 4 kg of Ulva sp. Form this research it is found that each kg of Ulva sp. is potential to produce 38.5 L of biogas with the methane content of 12.8 L. The correlation between COD and accumulated CH4 was -0,971.
REKAMAN POSISI MUKA LAUT PADA AKHIR MASA DEGLASIAL DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN MATASIRI, LAUT JAWA
Authors: Setyawan Wahyu Budi , Nuryana Suherman Dwi
Published: October 2019

Sea Level Position Records of Last Deglaciation Era in Matasiri Islands Waters, Java Sea. During the Glacial Era, the Sunda Shelf was a dry land which then gradually inundated by sea water during Deglacial Era. This paper reveals four sea level positions in the Sunda Shelf at the end of Deglasial Era.The evidence of the sea level position was obtained from the findings of peat deposits in the four cores taken from the seabed of Matasiri Islands waters, South Kalimantan with gravity core method in the survey conducted in November 2010 by the research vessel Baruna Jaya VIII. Analysis of the position of the sea level was done by the depth of the current sea surface and the depth of peat deposits in the core. The results of the analysis of the sea level position showed four sea-level positions, i.e. -27.0, -41.3, -53.6, and -58.6 m below the current sea level. The aging analysis of sea level change curve based on the Sunda Shelf sequentially showing its age around 10, 11, 12, and 12.8 thousand years. The results of this study provided evidence that the track record relative changes in sea level during the end of Deglasial Era was also found in the Java Sea.
Distribusi Spasial dan Temporal Nutrien di Danau Tempe, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Nomosatryo Sulung
Published: October 2019

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Nutrient in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi.

The concentration of nutrients in the process of eutrophication have an important role in the freshwater productivity. Lake Tempe constitutes a conservation area for water resources that has been degraded, indicated by high sedimentation and abundant water weeds. This resulted in the lowered carrying capacity of the lake. This study aimed to determine the concentration and spatiotemporal distribution of nutrients in Lake Tempe as the basis for the management of the lake. Water samples were taken using Kemmerer water sampler in April, July, and October 2013 from seven stations. Dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and transparency were measured in situ, while the N-Nitrite, N-Nitrate, N-Ammonium, TN, orthophosphate, and TP as well as supporting parameters such as COD, TOM, and chlorophyll-a were analyzed in the laboratory using methods according to the Standard Method. The study showed the concentrations of N and P were varied at all observation sites. The concentrations of N-Nitrate, TN, and TP tended to be high in October, while the concentrations of N-Nitrite, N-Ammonium, and orthophosphate tended to be high in April. PCA analysis showed the water quality conditions in Lake Tempe were characterized by the N and P compounds. The high average concentrations of TN and TP in Lake Tempe with respective values of 1.386 mg/L and 0.198 mg/L indicated that the lake was a productive lake, classified as eutrophic with nitrogen as limiting factor of lake fertility. If the nutrient enrichment continues, it will have a negative impact on the water quality of the lake
Stratifikasi Massa Air di Teluk Lasolo, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Surinati Dewi , Kusmanto Edi
Published: October 2019

Stratification of Water Mass in Lasolo Bay, Southeast Sulawesi. As a nature conservation area, Lasolo Bay should be supported by data and information of waters oceanographic. Research for stratification of water masses in Lasolo Bay was conducted. from 10 to 19 July 2011. Temperature and salinity data were obtained using CTD SBE 911 Plus preinstalled on Research Vessel Baruna Jaya VIII at intervals of 24 data per second. Current data were obtained using Vessel Mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (VMADCP) with an interval of two seconds. The results show that there are differences in the speed and direction of currents in the water column that lead to stratification of water masses. Currents that drove the water mass of Banda Sea into Lasolo Bay was caused by southeasterly winds with an average speed of 4.1 m/s. At depths of 0–50 m and 100–200 m the current dominance occurs to the northwest, while at depths of 50–100 m and 200–350 m it occurs to the south. The water mass with a salinity of 32.1–34.0 PSU and temperature 26–28°C occupied the surface layer (0–50 m). The water mass with a salinity of 34.4–34.5 PSU identified as the water mass of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) occupied two depths, i.e. 50–100 m and 200–350 m with different range of temperatures. The water mass with maximum salinity (34.5–34.6 PSU), identified as the water mass of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) also occupied two depths i.e. 100–200 m and 350 m until near the bottom with different range of temperatures
Timun Laut Teluk Ambon, Maluku
Authors: Setyastuti Ana
Published: October 2019

Sea Cucumbers of Ambon Bay, Maluku. Research on the diversity of marine life in Indonesian waters, particularly in Ambon Bay, Maluku, had started in 1705 by G.E. Rumphius. In the period thereafter until the year 2000s there was a possibility in changes of environmental conditions or habitat in Ambon Bay waters. Therefore, a study on the status of marine life in the waters of Ambon Bay and surrounding areas needed to be done. The research aimed to inventory sea cucumbers in Ambon Bay, which was conducted in July–October 2009 at 12 research stations. The method used was a free hand picking collection using snorkeling and scuba equipment. The result showed 18 species of sea cucumbers, two species of which (Holothuria atra, Opheodesoma grisea) have a wide distribution and habitat preference since they found in four to five sampling stations. The results of this inventory coupled with the results of previous studies based on literatures from 1990 showed there were 46 species of sea cucumbers in Ambon Bay, which were about 13% of the estimated number of sea cucumber species in Indonesia (±350 species). Fluctuations in the number and composition of sea cucumber species that successfully inventoried during the period of 1990s to this study are discussed in detail in this paper. There is a possibility to obtain new records, even new species in this location, along with the increase of understanding in method selection and species identification.
Beberapa Aspek Reproduksi Siput Lambis lambis di Pesisir Perairan Yenusi, Biak
Authors: Widyastuti Andriani , Aji Ludi Parwadani
Published: October 2019

Some Aspects of Reproduction in Conch Lambis lambis of Yenusi Coastal Waters, Biak. Lambis lambis is a very popular conch species that has been harvested in all sizes encountered. This condition is very alarming because in the long term, its existence in nature will be reduced because there is no chance to reproduce naturally. This study aims to determine the sex ratio and gonad maturity levels of L. lambis in Yenusi waters, so the appropriate time of harvest can be arranged. Samples were collected every month from January to December 2013. Testing and histological analysis were performed in the laboratory. Samples collected were 99 individus with the number of males 45 individus and females 54 individus. The sex ratio of males and females was 1.0:1.2. Gonad maturity level found included all four stages of gonadal development, from TKG I to TKG IV. Gonadal development showed the process of formation and maturation, and the spawning occured throughout the year, with peak spawning in January until March 2013. The size of the shell length obtained ranged from 4.55 to 13.72 cm indicating over-exploitation. Due to the custom local where residents harvested the conches in all sizes found, sustainable management strategies are urgently needed, including moratorium period  when L. lambis is at the peak of spawning, and harvest should only be performed on adult individuals with a minimum shell size of 7 cm, while observing the thickness of the shell and marginal digitations have been formed.
Pola Arus Permukaan dan Kondisi Fisika Perairan di Sekitar Pulau Selayar pada Musim Peralihan 1 dan Musim Timur
Authors: Bayhaqi Ahmad , Iskandar Mochamad Riza , Surinati Dewi
Published: October 2019

Surface Current Pattern and Physics Condition of Waters Around Selayar Island in the First Transitional and Southeast Monsoons.  Seasonal observations of the flow of surface water and physics conditions around Selayar Island adjacent to Arlindo throughflow pathways of Makassar Strait have been conducted with a focus on the first transitional season and the southeast monsoon season. The purpose of this research is to obtain the pattern of seasonal surface current and physics characteristics of water column, i.e. temperature and salinity in Selayar Island waters during those seasons. The observations conducted on 22–27 May 2015 and 7–10 August 2015 illustrated the successive periods of the first transitional season and the southeast monsoon season. The methods used for taking oceanographic data such as temperature, salinity, and current were the stationary oceanographic measurement using CTD and currentmeter at 29 stations located in surrounding waters of Selayar Island. The surface current pattern generated from the interpolation process of the overall observation stations indicated that during the first transitional season the current moved eastward with an average velocity of 0.25 m/s. During the southeast monsoon season, the same pattern was still observed with a slightly higher average velocity of 0.26 m/s. The temperatures and salinity of Selayar Island waters during the southeast monsoon season were 2°C lower and 0.5 psu higher than during the first transitional season. Differences in mean current velocity values tended to be more affected by local tidal conditions. Different salinity was thought to be influenced by upwelling phenomena and local climatic factors such as rainfall, wind, and river flow discharge.
Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, dan Sebaran Kopepoda (Krustasea) di Perairan Bakau Segara Anakan, Cilacap
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Murniati Dewi Citra
Published: October 2019

Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Copepods (Crustacea) in the Mangrove Area of Segara Anakan, Cilacap. Observations on the diversity of Copepods, its abundance, and its distribution in three mangrove and estuarine locations in Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap, were conducted in May (dry season) and November (rainy season) 2009. This study aims to determine the relationship of diversity and abundance of Copepods with some environmental factors that affect its distribution in the dry and rainy seasons. Copepod samples were taken from Kutawaru waters, Dermaga Sleko, and Ciperet using vertical and horizontal plankton nets, day and night. They were then preserved, deposited, and identified in MZB LIPI. There were 36 species of Copepods from 18 genera and 20 families, including 10 new records. The highest species diversity of Copepods was recorded in November, while the lowest was in May. The average abundance in May was higher than in November. The diversity and abundance in Ciperet in both dry and rainy seasons were always higher than the other two sites. Acartia erythraea, A. sinjiensis and Pseudodiaptomus annandalei were found to dominate the waters especially during the dry season in May. The community composition of Copepods occupying the waters was determined by salinity, while its activity and development were determined by temperature.
Skrining Kemampuan Absorpsi Merkuri pada Makroalga Cokelat Hormophysa triquetra dan Makroalga Merah Gracilaria salicornia dari Pulau Pari
Authors: Cordova Muhammad Reza , Muhtadi Ahmad
Published: October 2019

Screening of Mercury Absorption in Brown Macroalgae Hormophysa triquetra and Red Macroalgae Gracilaria salicornia from Pari Island. Macroalgae or seaweed has good absorptive capacity against all substances present in the aquatic environment, including mercury (Hg). The purpose of this study was to determine mercury content in brown macroalga Hormophysa triquetra and red macroalga Gracilaria salicornia and also on sediment and then assess the potential of both types of macroalgae as mercury bioaccumulator. Samples of macroalgae and sediment were taken from the northern, eastern, southern, and western regions of Pari Island, Seribu Archipelago in April 2016, analyzed by Mercury Analyzer NIC MA-3000. The results of this study indicated the mercury content in red macroalgae was higher than brown macroalgae. Mercury content in macroalgae from Pari Island waters was in the range of 21.50 ± 9.59 μg/kg (brown macroalga) and 41.45 ± 14.00 μg/kg (macroalgae red). The complexity of the functional groups makes the mercury content higher in the red macroalgae than in the brown macroalgae. The ability of mercury accumulation makes these macroalgae species potential to become bioaccumulator.