bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Centro comercial, Rotterdam
Authors: Van den Broek y Bakema Arquitectos
Published: September 2016

Este importante centro comercial está emplazado en el centro de la ciudad, en un barrio afectado por los bombardeos de la pasada guerra mundial y, actualmente, en reconstrucción acelerada. Consta, fundamentalmente, de seis bloques paralelos dos a dos, que forman una avenida en ángulo recto, con pasos cubiertos de comunicación transversal que cumplen la doble misión: guarecer de la lluvia a los viandantes que pasan de una a otra parte y de romper la monotonía longitudinal, mediante estos esbeltos y transparentes elementos funcionales. La avenida está exclusivamente reservada a los peatones, sin acceso rodado, y se completará, en una segunda fase constructiva, con otros edificios similares y grandes edificios de oficinas.
Pistas de rodadura pretensadas
Authors: H. Williams Frank
Published: September 2016

La primera pavimentación de hormigón pretensado se terminó en julio de 1959. Es una pista de vuelo, construida por el Corps of Engineers en la base aérea de Biggs, Texas (EE. UU.). El proyecto se redactó bajo la dirección del coronel Albert L. Reed, ingeniero del Distrito de Albuquerque de Nuevo México. Este proyecto consiste en un refuerzo de pistas de vuelo y rodadura en la base antes mencionada, con objeto de poderlas capacitar para las maniobras de los bombarderos B-52 que han sido asignados a la base.
Edificio clínico en Suiza
Authors: Wenger Heidi , Wenger Peter
Published: September 2016

Por necesidades de la Confederación Suiza se ha construido un servicio médico de control en la frontera de Brigue con Italia destinado a los obreros italianos que entran a Suiza por esta población. Al objeto, los Ferrocarriles federales pusieron a su disposición un terreno en el andén núm. I de la estación, entre dos edificios ya existentes, con la condición de revestir su propiedad a aquel Organismo en el momento en que deje de ser útil a la Confederación. En este caso se prevé una fácil adaptación del edificio para oficinas.
Escuela primaria Chrlesiweg, Zürich
Authors: Cramer - Jaray y Paillard Sia Arquitectos
Published: September 2016

El proyecto original para la construcción de esta escuela fue premiado en un concurso convocado, en Zürich, por el Centro de la Construcción. En él se aborda abiertamente el tipo de escuela-pabellón, resaltando sus ventajas y permitiendo una gran libertad de estudio y diseño. El resultado ha sido de una gran belleza y de un perfecto funcionamiento.
Depósitos metálicos para líquidos
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

Entre la gama variada de modelos de depósitos metálicos, elevados, que la casa Pittsburgh-Des-Moines Steel Company, de Des Moines (Iowa, Estados Unidos), fabrica, monta y proyecta, merecen particular mención los que su capacidad rebasa los 1.500 m3. Estos depósitos, aplicables a todos los en general, se apoyan sobre una base o cimiento que responde a las condiciones de carga que ofrece el terreno natural.
Perilla frutescens: a potential ingredient for the enhancement of white bread as a source of Omega-3
Authors: Silva Marcos Vieira da , Silva Andréia Vieira da , Bonafé Elton Guntendorfer , Souza Nilson Evelázio de , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio
Published: September 2016

Perilla frutescens seeds are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids which are important for human health. Intake of fatty acids depends on their presence in popular foods such as white bread. Current study evaluates the replacement of wheat flour by whole perilla at 1, 3 and 5% in white bread processing and its impacts on chemical and sensorial attributes, underscoring Omega-3 amounts. The use of whole perilla increases the Omega-3 content in white bread, balances the ratio n-6/n-3, decreases the specific volume, and maintains the concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The formulation with 1% whole perilla has a better acceptability and supplies 5.63 and 8.19% of the American recommended daily intake of alpha-linolenic acid for adult males and females, respectively.
Quantification and characterization of the production of biogas from blends of agro-industrial wastes in a large-scale demonstration plant
Authors: Konrad Odorico , Akwa João Vicente , Koch Fábio Fernades , Lumi Marluce , Tonetto Jaqueline
Published: September 2016

The use of energy contained in biogas is an interesting alternative to reconcile renewable electric power generation to environmental sanitation. Among the technologies used for recovering energy from biomass, the anaerobic digestion demonstrates ability to treat solid waste and effluents. This research work aims to analyze the influence of physical and chemical factors on the performance of anaerobic digestion reactors and to perform the characterization of biogas in order to assess their quality. The substrate evaluated is the mixture of liquid waste coming from different industrial processes and poultry manure. The characterization of CH4, CO2, H2S and O2 was performed daily in two reactors, R1 and R2, for a period of three months, and the physical and chemical parameters were analyzed biweekly. The parameters analyzed are carbon (C), nitrogen (N), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), pH, total (TS), volatiles (VS) and fixed solids (FS). Among the results, stands out an average removal of 76% in relation to BOD and H2S concentration of 156.01 for R1, and of 91.64 ppm for R2, and the CH4:CO2 inverse relationship of 3.15 for R1 and 2.98 for R2, during the monitoring period.
Influence of different types of sharpening in straight flute drills on burr formation
Authors: Borba Rodrigo Barros de , Ribeiro Filho Sergio Luiz Moni , Brandão Lincoln Cardoso
Published: September 2016

Drilling is among the most important manufacturing processes in modern industry. Information on the dynamics of the drilling process is very important to define optimum input parameters. The minimization of burrs is a great challenge in drilling process. Current analysis was carried out with stepped solid carbide drills with straight flutes in drilling of the aluminum alloy A306. Burr height was measured at hole exits and evaluated with ANOVA technique. Results showed that the feed rate and cutting speed variation exhibited significant influence while sharpening was the most important parameter on burr formation.
Costimulation Blockade in Autoimmunity and Transplantation: The CD28 Pathway
Authors: Adams Andrew B. , Ford Mandy L. , Larsen Christian P.
Published: September 2016

T cell activation is a complex process that requires multiple cell signaling pathways, including a primary recognition signal and additional costimulatory signals. TCR signaling in the absence of costimulatory signals can lead to an abortive attempt at activation and subsequent anergy. One of the best-characterized costimulatory pathways includes the Ig superfamily members CD28 and CTLA-4 and their ligands CD80 and CD86. The development of the fusion protein CTLA-4–Ig as an experimental and subsequent therapeutic tool is one of the major success stories in modern immunology. Abatacept and belatacept are clinically approved agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and renal transplantation, respectively. Future interventions may include selective CD28 blockade to block the costimulatory potential of CD28 while exploiting the coinhibitory effects of CTLA-4.
Retrieval of effective aerosol diameter from satellite observations
Authors: Al Badi Humaid , Boland John , Bruce David
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Dust aerosol particle size plays a crucial role in determining dust cycle in the atmosphere and the extent of its impact on the other atmospheric parameters. The in-situ measurements of dust particle size are very costly, spatially sparse and time-consuming. This paper presents an algorithm to retrieve effective dust diameter using infrared band brightness temperature from SEVIRI (the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfaRed Imager) on the Meteosat satellite. An empirical model was constructed that directly relates differences in brightness temperatures of 8.7, 10.8 and 12.0 μm bands to effective dust diameter using the Mie extinction efficiency factor. Three case studies are used to test the model. The results showed consistency between the model and in-situ aircraft measurements. A severe dust storm over the Middle-East is presented to demonstrate the use of the model. This algorithm is expected to contribute to filling the gap created by the discrepancies between the current size distributions retrieval techniques and aircraft measurements. Potential applications include enhancing the accuracy of atmospheric modelling and forecasting horizontal visibility and solar energy system performance over regions affected by dust storms.
Observed and simulated trophic index (TRIX) values for the Adriatic Sea basin
Authors: Fiori Emanuela , Zavatarelli Marco , Pinardi Nadia , Mazziotti Cristina , Ferrari Carla Rita
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The main scope of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive is to achieve good environmental status (GES) of the EU's marine waters by 2020, in order to protect the marine environment more effectively. The trophic index (TRIX) was developed by Vollenweider in 1998 for the coastal area of Emilia-Romagna (northern Adriatic Sea) and was used by the Italian legislation to characterize the trophic state of coastal waters. We compared the TRIX index calculated from in situ data (“in situ TRIX”) with the corresponding index simulated with a coupled physics and biogeochemical numerical model (“model TRIX”) implemented in the overall Adriatic Sea. The comparison between in situ and simulated data was carried out for a data time series on the Emilia-Romagna coastal strip. This study shows the compatibility of the model with the in situ TRIX and the importance of the length of the time series in order to get robust index estimates. The model TRIX is finally calculated for the whole Adriatic Sea, showing trophic index differences across the Adriatic coastal areas.
Presenting a New Method to Classify Alerts Received from Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Pourabbas Farshid , Karahoca Adem
Published: September 2016

With the growth of the internet networks today, security of data exchange is considered as an important task. Therefore, the use of security tools is increasing day by day. Intrusion detection systems are among these tools. They are only able to labela message received from a network as‘alert’,but they are unable to describe system status. Some methods have been developed to solve the above problem through correlating the alerts received from intrusion detection systems. By correlating the interrelated alerts, the methods would be able to describe system status. One of the steps of correlation methods of alerts is to classify them. System status can be described better when classification is performed efficiently. Here, we present a method for classifying alerts.
Precise Positioning of Terfenol-D Actuator by Eliminating the Heat Generated by Coil
Authors: Ahanpanjeh M. , Ghodsi M. , Hojjat Y.
Published: September 2016

Large displacement, large generated stress and easy fabrication process lead to the large industrial use of the magnetostrictive materials. However, the thermal expansion restricts their application in precise positioning, which is about 12  and too much to be neglected. In this research, the cooling system was exploited in order to eliminate the joule heat generated by coils under the direct current and solve inaccuracy problem. The investigation consists of two parts; first was design and fabricating the actuator of Terfenol-D with length of 30mm which offers 10  displacement under the DC current of 1A, and second was the cooling system consisting of the thermoelectric cooler, heat sink and control circuit to inhibit the Terfenol-D temperature to be increased. Without the cooling system, as the time was going on and the Terfenol-D was warming up, after about two hours the displacement reached to 68  which deteriorated the accuracy of positioning significantly. By applying the cooling system, the displacement was maintained in 10  with the tolerance of , which realized the precise positioning by the Terfenol-D actuator.
Rodríguez Hernández, Antonio José (2011). Los tambores de Marte: El reclutamiento en Castilla durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII (1648-1700)
Authors: Nanín Martínez Sergio
Published: September 2016

Rodríguez Hernández, Antonio José (2011). Los tambores de Marte: El reclutamiento en Castilla durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII (1648-1700). Valladolid: Universidad de Valladolid, 382 p.
Catalunya entre el redreç i la revolta: afebliment institucional i diferenciació social
Authors: Dantí i Riu Jaume
Published: September 2016

En el darrer quart del segle XVII Catalunya es va moure entre un redreç econòmic important, però no pas sense dificultats, durant el qual es consolidà una relació fonamental entre el món urbà i una part significativa del món rural, i alhora una revolta oberta en el camp, la dels Barretines, però amb tensions latents bastants més extenses, on convergien motivacions economicosocials i polítiques. Amb tot plegat i les conseqüències de les guerres amb França es donaven les condicions perquè l’austriacisme pogués arrelar en diferents sectors socials.
Mackay, Ruth (2012). The Baker Who Pretended to Be King of Portugal
Authors: Fernández Terricabras Ignasi
Published: September 2016

Mackay, RuthThe Baker Who Pretended to Be King of PortugalChicago / Londres: The University of Chicago Press, 2012, 300 p.
Reus, vila oberta. Els primers anys de la guerra de Separació
Authors: Güell Junkert Manel
Published: September 2016

L’article exposa la difícil trajectòria d’una població gran durant la guerra de Separació. Els primers anys, Reus va trobar-se al mig d’una frontera militar d’una gran inestabilitat, i va optar per no oferir resistència i cooperar amb l’ocupant, amb independència del bàndol de que es tractés. Alhora, va procurar mantenir les relacions amb els dos bàndols i proclamar la seva lleialtat als dos per separat. Reus va tenir una difícil supervivència, amenaçada per les inacabables aportacions als exèrcits (diners, armes, lleves, proveïments, treballadors) i sobretot pels allotjaments, que foren dels més durs de Catalunya. La vila, que hagué de suportar una despesa econòmica exhorbitant, féu fallida i s’endeutà d’una manera exponencial i crònica, i també va  perdre bona part dels seus habitants. El cas de Reus és el cas de la lluita de les poblacions rurals per superar la crisi política i militar de mitjan segle XVII.
O arte-educador e sua condição docente mediante a sociedade atual
Authors: Vasconcelos Rafaella Lira de
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a importância do trabalho do arte-educador mediante uma sociedade industrializada e dominada pelas relações de trabalho, em que a condição de trabalho e vida do docente de Artes encontra-se intrinsecamente relacionada aos interesses dominadores e ideológicos difundidos por uma sociedade que tem seus artefatos administrados pela “indústria cultural”. De cunho bibliográfico, a metodologia aqui empregada tratou da formação e condição docente na sociedade atual, tendo como destaque o arte-educador que atua no Ensino Médio da Educação Básica, bem como alguns paradoxos das Leis de Diretrizes e Bases, que direcionam a atuação e a condição do trabalho dos professores. Com base em autores advindos da Sociologia, Educação e Filosofia, foi possível trazer contextualizações de algumas de suas obras à luz de teorias concisas.

 

ABSTRACT

This study aims to reflect on the importance of the work of art educator by an industrialized and society dominated by labor relations, where the working conditions and life of the faculty of Arts is intrinsically related to the rulers and ideological interests widespread by a company which has its artifacts managed by “cultural industry”. Bibliographic nature, the methodology used here dealt with the training and teaching condition in today’s society, with the highlight the art educator who works in the School of Basic Education as well as some paradoxes of the Laws of Bases and Guidelines, which guide the actions and the condition of teachers’ work. Based on authors coming from the Sociology, Education and Philosophy, it was possible to bring contextualization of some of his works in the light of concise theories.

Keywords: Art educator. Given society. Teaching condition.
A fabricação da excelência na escola pública: notas acerca de práticas educacionais e trajetórias escolares de sucesso
Authors: Gomes Lisandra Ogg
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho tem como principal propósito conhecer e analisar as condutas e as trajetórias escolares de alunas e alunos que frequentam a última série do ensino médio do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (CAP/COLUNI/UFV), bem como as características dessa instituição de ensino que se notabiliza, no país, pela excelência do ensino que oferece. Trata-se de parte de uma investigação que abrange a tríade alunos/alunas de sucesso, escola pública de excelência e famílias, cujo pressuposto é o de que a constituição de um processo de excelência escolar depende de uma diversidade de fatores. A metodologia de pesquisa conciliou procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos, em particular os depoimentos obtidos em entrevistas realizadas com o corpo discente. Os primeiros resultados mostraram que o exame de seleção, as práticas pedagógicas, a formação de professores e a mobilização dos/as estudantes são algumas das variáveis que configuram a excelência nessa escola pública.

 

ABSTRACT

In this socio-theoretical study, our main purpose is to understand the educational trajectories of male and female high performance students in the last term of high school at Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (CAP/COLUNI/UFV), and also the actions and characteristics of efficiency and excellence employed by this institution. Therefore, our research encompasses the triad of successful students, the public school of excellence and the families, because, with good reason, we understand that variety factors. The metodology rely on proceeding quantitative and qualitative, especially for this article, the analysis of sociocultural data and grades in interviews conducted with students of this institution. The first results showed that the selection exam, teaching practices, teacher training and students mobilization contributes for to academic success.

Keywords: Education Sociology. High School. Academic Success.
Educação física no ensino superior: uma prática ressignificada como conteúdo acadêmico
Authors: Rodrigues Rogério
Published: September 2016

 

O problema analisado neste artigo refere-se ao ensino da Educação Física instituída como disciplina obrigatória na grade curricular do Ensino Superior, antes da promulgação da Lei Nº 9.394/96. Com a promulgação da referida lei, a obrigatoriedade deixou de existir, e a Educação Física tornou-se uma disciplina destituída de significado acadêmico, praticamente extinta nos currículos dos diversos cursos de graduação. O objetivo desta pesquisa é, portanto, estabelecer uma ressignificação da Educação Física no Ensino Superior, diretamente relacionada com a reformulação dos seus conteúdos. O método empregado é o da pesquisa participativa em virtude de o pesquisador trabalhar com a disciplina Educação Física no Ensino Superior. A conclusão do trabalho aponta para a necessária inserção dos conteúdos da Educação Física nos três principais eixos norteadores do trabalho docente no Ensino Superior, quais sejam: o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão.

Palavras-chave: Educação Física. Esport. Ensino da Educação Física. Fundamentos da Educação Física.

 

ABSTRACT

 

The problem analyzed relates the teaching of Physical Education instituted as a mandatory discipline in the curriculum of higher education before the promulgation of Law number 9.394/96. However, with the enactment of that law, the obligation no longer exists and Physical Education has become a devoid of meaning academic discipline, virtually extinct in the curricula of many undergraduate courses. The aim is therefore to establish a new meaning of physical education in higher education as something directly related to the reformulation of its contents. The method employed is that of participatory research because the researcher works with the Physical Education in Higher Education. The conclusion of the work points to the insertion of the required contents of physical education in the three main guiding principles of the teaching work in higher education such as teaching, research and extension.

Keywords: Physical Education. Sports. Teaching of Physical Education. Principles of Physical Education.
Contributos das memórias narradas para a construção da(s) identidade(s) das crianças de maisha
Authors: Bastos Luciete De Cássia Souza Lima , Tosta Sandra De Fátima Pereira
Published: September 2016

A pesquisa que deu origem a este texto tem por objetivo refletir sobre a construção das identidades de crianças quilombolas, considerando, na relação escola/comunidade, a memória dos anciãos e a imagem que as crianças fazem de si mesmas. Os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos dividem-se em distintas fases: a Pesquisa Bibliográfica/Documental e a Pesquisa de Campo, esta etnográfica. Tem-se como recorte o Quilombo de Sambaíba, localizado no município de Caetité-Ba, divisa com Igaporã e Tanque Novo. Apresenta como conclusões iniciais a relevância das memórias dos anciãos como movimento de autoafirmação e valorização da herança africana, um dos componentes essenciais para o reconhecimento das comunidades como remanescentes de Quilombos. E, ao narrar suas experiências, os anciãos tornam-se bases fundadoras para a construção da identidade das crianças.

 

ABSTRACT

 

The research that originated this paper aims to reflect on the construction of the Maroons children identities, considering, at school relationship/community, the memory of the elders and the image that children do themselves. The theoretical and methodological procedures are divided into distinct phases: the Bibliographic Search/Document and Field Research, this ethnographic. One has to cut out the Quilombo of Sambaíba, located in the municipality of Caetité-Ba, bordering Igaporã and New tank. It presents initial findings as the relevance of the memories of the elders as a movement of self-affirmation and appreciation of African heritage, an essential componente for recognizing communities as remnants of quilombos. And when recounting their experiences, the elders become founding bases for the construction of the identity of children.

Keywords: Quilombo. Elders. School. Children. Identity(s).

 
Marketing authorization of medical devices in China
Authors: Zhang Weifan , Liu Rebecca , Chatwin Chris
Published: September 2016

Medical device regulations across the globe have significant variations. The Chinese medical device market, like China’s economy, is developing rapidly. This article reviews the medical device regulations in China and illustrates the major changes that have been recently implemented according to the new medical device regulations that came into force on the 1st June, 2014. Most regulatory research has focused on the US and EU medical device regulations with little written about the Chinese medical device regulations. The purpose of this article is to bridge the research gap and to introduce the Chinese medical devices regulatory environment to investors or companies who are engaged in the medical device market or doing business in China
VC-backed Biotechnology Firms: What is Entrepreneurs’ Return?
Authors: Iacovides Demetris
Published: September 2016

Valuation is a highly significant process used extensively not only by start-ups seeking Venture Capital (VC) funding but also by large, established companies that are in need to set a price for an acquisition or merger. Such process becomes increasingly complex in the biotechnology sector where the realization of the true value of a firm is largely correlated with the success or failure of lead drug candidates undergoing clinical trials. In this article, the author sets up a simple long-term financial model that aims at providing an easy tool for estimating entrepreneurs’ return at exit.
Recent Developments in Compulsory Licensing of Pharmaceutical Patents in India
Authors: Konde Viren
Published: September 2016

On March 9, 2012, under Section 84(1) of the Indian Patents Act, Controller General of Patents granted country’s first and only compulsory licence to Natco Pharma to sell Bayer AG’s patented oncology drug Nexavar (Sorafenib Tosylate). Since then, India has not issued any other compulsory licence even though two more such applications have been received. India has also implemented a special compulsory licence regime under Section 92A(1), for the manufacture and export of patented pharmaceutical products to any country having insufficient or no manufacturing capacity to address public health needs. In view of the recent developments, and given the economic consequences of compulsory licensing, it has become important for multinational pharmaceutical companies procuring patents and doing business in India to understand the country’s compulsory licensing laws and reevaluate their business strategies, while domestic companies pursue alternate options to access patented lifesaving medicines within the legal system.
Manage Complexity and Uncertainty in Biotechnological Innovations: Converting Theoretical Advances into Opportunities
Authors: Baert Jonathan
Published: September 2016

The recent development of synthetic biology and system genomic open a new promising dimension for bioprocesses optimization. This induces an increasing complexity of applications in the biotechnology industry. Moreover, profitable bioprocesses design requires close collaboration between specialists as biologist, geneticist, or process engineer. As a consequence, the theoretic complexity of bioprocesses development steps is hardly increased. The implementations of efficient collaboration structures allowing to take profit from external opportunities are at the basis of strong competitive advantages for technological companies. Additionally, the uncertainty of technological innovations in live science is the second constraint to solve for allowing novelty emergence in biotechnology. This paper develops an organization and strategic framework which encompasses both industry and universities or public research centers. It highlights several keys aspects to cope efficiently with complexity and uncertainty. More precisely, this article suggests the interest to implement an efficient technological innovation framework considering three main dimensions: an appropriate human recourses management, a rational technological innovation strategy and an efficient collaborative network.
À propos de la vision saussurienne de la syntaxe
Authors: Hagège Claude
Published: September 2016

Dans cet article, j’attire l’attention sur le fait, inaperçu, qu’il n’y a pas de syntaxe chez Saussure (en dehors de mentions éparses du terme au cours d’énumérations de composantes des langues), ni dans leCLG, ni dans lesÉLG, et que cette absence a embarrassé ses épigones, bien qu’elle n’ait pas empêché Tesnière, qui le cite avec éloge, de consacrer son grand livre à la syntaxe. Cette apparente lacune contraste vivement avec la tradition créée par Chomsky, qui met la syntaxe au centre des langues et de sa théorie. Pourtant, la syntaxe, qui est encore omniprésente dans les travaux des linguistes d’aujourd’hui, même chez ceux qui ne suivent pas du tout les modèles formalistes, n’a pas, en réalité, dans les langues, l’importance qu’on lui donne, comme j’essaie de le montrer ensuite en examinant les domaines que l’on peut imputer à la syntaxe. Elle pourrait même n’être qu’une composante secondaire, et un épiphénomène de la linéarisation du discours. Le principe saussurien selon lequel, dans la langue, il n’y a  que des différences  suffit pour rendre compte des phénomènes pour lesquels les formalistes ont développé une composante syntaxique complexe.
L’invention de la phonologie entre Saussure et le Cercle Linguistique de Prague
Authors: Bergounioux Gabriel
Published: September 2016

Généralement, les conceptions de Saussure et les thèses du Cercle Linguistique de Prague sont considérées comme deux variantes d’une même théorie phonologique. À partir d’un examen des bouleversements introduits dans la réflexion linguistique par le Mémoire sur le système primitif des voyelles dans les langues indo-européennes (et dans la suite de l’oeuvre), on compare les principes saussuriens avec les Grundzüge der Phonologie de Troubetzkoy et avec l’interprétation qu’en diffuse Jakobson après 1945, dans sa rivalité avec les structuralistes américains. On essaie de proposer une explication des divergences entre les écoles en référence à leurs conditions d’apparition et à leurs objectifs avec une attention particulière pour la place qu’elles accordent à la phonétique dans leurs explications.
Peirce et Saussure : regards croisés et lectures en boucles
Authors: Fisette Jean
Published: September 2016

L’auteur trace un parcours circulant alternativement entre les deux oeuvres de pensée du signe, celles de Peirce et de Saussure, cherchant des points de superposition et des points de décrochage. Il évite la simple opposition affichée dans l’esprit d’une confrontation tout autant que les similarités simplificatrices.

Son objectif est de reconnaître les conditions de la construction d’une science des signes, qu’elle soit sémiologie ou sémiotique. Pour ce, il appuie sa réflexion sur quelques thèmes théoriques : la question de la convention; la relation du signe à l’objet mondain ou à “la chose désignée”; l’espace conceptuel et l’élaboration des tableaux théoriques; la question centrale de la temporalité; puis, un fragment terminal qui fera office de conclusion, touchant l’affiliation de la pensée de Saussure chez Roland Barthes, concernant notamment le projet d’une sémiologie.

Il marque sa volonté de maintenir le discours à un certain niveau de généralité, cherchant moins à saisir les conceptions abstraites que l’imaginaire de la théorie, la sensibilité aux choses, aux signes et aux mots.
The Affordances of MacKinnon Ravine: Fighting Freeways and Pursuing Government Reform in Edmonton, Alberta
Authors: Bower Shannon Stunden
Published: September 2016

This article examines the disputes that erupted in the second half of the twentieth century over the proposal to build a freeway through Edmonton’s MacKinnon Ravine, a landscape some saw as fundamental to the city’s network of recreational lands along the North Saskatchewan River and its extensive ravine system. MacKinnon Ravine, as a possibility-rich landscape, helped successive waves of urban activists articulate opposition to freeway development by serving as the keystone in a multi-decadal arc of civic activism. An orientation to the ravine allowed a series of distinct advocacy efforts to build on each other both in methods and in goals. These successive waves of activism not only altered MacKinnon Ravine’s future but also helped reshape civic governance in Edmonton.
Metric entropy in linear inverse scattering
Authors: Maisto M. A. , Solimene R. , Pierri R.
Published: September 2016

The role of multiple views and/or multiple frequencies on the achievable performance in linear inverse scattering problems is addressed. To this end, the impact of views and frequencies on the Kolmogorov entropy measure is studied. This way the metric information that can be conveyed back from data to the unknown can be estimated.For the sake of simplicity, the study deals with strip scatterers and the cases of discrete angles of incidence and/or frequencies.
Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori Glu‐tRNAGln amidotransferase by novel analogues of the putative transamidation intermediate
Authors: Pham Van Hau , Maaroufi Halim , Balg Christian , Blais Sébastien P. , Messier Nancy , Roy Paul H. , Otis François , Voyer Normand , Lapointe Jacques , Chênevert Robert
Published: September 2016

Glutaminyl‐tRNAGln in Helicobacter pylori is formed by an indirect route requiring a noncanonical glutamyl‐tRNA synthetase and a tRNA‐dependent heterotrimeric amidotransferase (AdT) GatCAB. Widespread use of this pathway among prominent human pathogens, and its absence in the mammalian cytoplasm, identify AdT as a target for the development of antimicrobial agents. We present here the inhibitory properties of three dipeptide‐like sulfone‐containing compounds analogous to the transamidation intermediates, which are competitive inhibitors of AdT with respect to Glu‐tRNAGln. Molecular docking revealed that AdT inhibition by these compounds depends on π–π stacking interactions between their aromatic groups and Tyr81 of the GatB subunit. The properties of these inhibitors indicate that the 3′‐terminal adenine of Glu‐tRNAGln plays a major role in binding to the AdT transamidation active site.
A modulating effect of Tropical Instability Wave (TIW)‐induced surface wind feedback in a hybrid coupled model of the tropical Pacific
Authors: Zhang Rong‐Hua
Published: September 2016

Tropical Instability Waves (TIWs) and the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are two air‐sea coupling phenomena that are prominent in the tropical Pacific, occurring at vastly different space‐time scales. It has been challenging to adequately represent both of these processes within a large‐scale coupled climate model, which has led to a poor understanding of the interactions between TIW‐induced feedback and ENSO. In this study, a novel modeling system was developed that allows representation of TIW‐scale air‐sea coupling and its interaction with ENSO. Satellite data were first used to derive an empirical model for TIW‐induced sea surface wind stress perturbations (τTIW). The model was then embedded in a basin‐wide hybrid‐coupled model (HCM) of the tropical Pacific. Because τTIW were internally determined from TIW‐scale sea surface temperatures (SSTTIW) simulated in the ocean model, the wind‐SST coupling at TIW scales was interactively represented within the large‐scale coupled model. Because the τTIW–SSTTIW coupling part of the model can be turned on or off in the HCM simulations, the related TIW wind feedback effects can be isolated and examined in a straightforward way. Then, the TIW‐scale wind feedback effects on the large‐scale mean ocean state and interannual variability in the tropical Pacific were investigated based on this embedded system. The interactively represented TIW‐scale wind forcing exerted an asymmetric influence on SSTs in the HCM, characterized by a mean‐state cooling and by a positive feedback on interannual variability, acting to enhance ENSO amplitude. Roughly speaking, the feedback tends to increase interannual SST variability by approximately 9%. Additionally, there is a tendency for TIW wind to have an effect on the phase transition during ENSO evolution, with slightly shortened interannual oscillation periods. Additional sensitivity experiments were performed to elucidate the details of TIW wind effects on SST evolution during ENSO cycles.
Drosophila ataxin‐2 gene encodes two differentially expressed isoforms and its function in larval fat body is crucial for development of peripheral tissues
Authors: Vianna Murilo Carlos Bizam , Poleto Deise Cristina , Gomes Paula Fernanda , Valente Valéria , Paçó‐Larson Maria Luisa
Published: September 2016

Different isoforms of ataxin‐2 are predicted in Drosophila and may underlie different cellular processes. Here, we validated the isoforms B and C of Drosophila ataxin‐2 locus (dAtx2), which we found to be expressed in various tissues and at different levels during development. dAtx2‐B mRNA was detected at low amounts during all developmental stages, whereas dAtx2‐C mRNA levels increase by eightfold from L3 to pupal–adult stages. Higher amounts of dAtx2‐B protein were detected in embryos, while dAtx2‐C protein was also expressed in higher levels in pupal–adult stages, indicating post‐transcriptional control for isoform B and transcription induction for isoform C, respectively. Moreover, in the fat body of L3 larvae dAtx2‐C, but not dAtx2‐B, accumulates in cytoplasmic foci that colocalize with sec23, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES). Interestingly, animals subjected to selective knockdown of dAtx2 in the larval fat body do not complete metamorphosis and die at the third larval stage or early puparium. Additionally, larvae knocked down for dAtx2, grown at 29 °C, are significantly smaller than control animals due to reduction in DNA replication and cell growth, which are consistent with the decreased levels of phosphorylated‐AKT observed in the fat body. Based on the localization of ataxin‐2 (dAtx2‐C) in ERESs, and on the phenotypes observed by dAtx2 knockdown in the larval fat body, we speculate a possible role for this protein in processes that regulate ERES formation. These data provide new insights into the biological function of ataxin‐2 with potential relevance to neurodegenerative diseases.
Atomically dispersed Pd on nanostructured TiO2 for NO removal by solar light
Authors: Fujiwara Kakeru , Pratsinis Sotiris E.
Published: September 2016

Reducing the particle size of noble metals on ceramic supports can maximize noble metal performance and minimize its use. Here Pd clusters onto nanostructured TiO2 particles are prepared in one step by scalable flame aerosol technology while controlling the Pd cluster size from a few nanometers to that of single atoms. Annealing such materials at appropriate temperatures leads to solar photocatalytic NOx removal in a standard ISO reactor up to 10 times faster than that of commercial TiO2 (P25, Evonik). Such superior performance can be attained by only 0.1 wt.% Pd loading on TiO2. Annealing these flame‐made powders in air up to 600 °C decreases the amorphous TiO2 fraction and increases its crystal and particle sizes as observed by x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption. The growth of single Pd atoms to Pd clusters on TiO2 prepared at different Pd loading and annealing conditions was investigated by scanning transmission electron microscopy and XRD. The single Pd atoms and clusters on TiO2 are stable up to, at least, 600 °C for 2 h in air but at 800 °C they grow into PdO nanoparticles whose fraction is comparable with the nominal Pd loading. Hence, most of Pd atoms are on the TiO2 surface where at 800 °C they diffuse and coalesce. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy reveals NO adsorption on single, double, three and fourfold coordinated Pd atoms depending on their synthesis and annealing conditions. The peak intensity of NO adsorption sites involving multiple Pd atoms is substantially lower in TiO2 containing 0.1 wt.% than 1 wt.% Pd but that intensity from single Pd atoms is comparable. This indicates the dominance of isolated Pd atoms compared to clusters in Pd/TiO2 containing 0.1 wt.% Pd that match or exceed the photocatalytic NOx removal of Pd/TiO2 of higher Pd contents. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 139–146, 2017
Chromosome 5q33 deletions associated with congenital heart defects
Authors: Starkovich Molly , Lalani Seema R. , Mercer Catherine L. , Scott Daryl A.
Published: September 2016

Congenital heart defects (CHD) are present in over 1% of all newborns and are the leading cause of birth‐defect‐related deaths in the United States. We describe two male subjects with CHD, one with an atrial septal defect, a ventricular septal defect, and pulmonary artery stenosis; and the other with tetralogy of Fallot and a right aortic arch, who carry partially overlapping, de novo deletions of chromosome 5q33. The maximum region of overlap between these deletions encompasses HAND1 and SAP30L, two genes that have previously been shown to play a role in cardiac development. HAND1 encodes a basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor. Cardiac‐specific ablation of Hand1 in mice causes septal, valvular, and outflow tract defects. SAP30L, its paralog SAP30, and other SAP proteins form part of a multi‐subunit complex involved in transcriptional regulation via histone deacetylation. Morpholino knockdown of sap30L in zebrafish, which do not have a distinct sap30 gene, leads to cardiac hypoplasia and cardiac insufficiency. We subsequently identified two other individuals with chromosomal deletions involving HAND1 and SAP30L in whom cardiac‐related medical problems were not described. These observations suggest that haploinsufficiency of HAND1 and/or SAP30L may contribute to the development of CHD, although the contribution of other genes on chromosome 5q33 cannot be excluded. Our findings also suggest that the penetrance of CHD associated with 5q33 deletions is incomplete and may be influenced by other genetic, environmental or stochastic factors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quercus ilex L.: How season, Plant Organ and Extraction Procedure Can Influence Chemistry and Bioactivities
Authors: Hadidi Lila , Babou Louiza , Zaidi Farid , Valentão Patrícia , Andrade Paula B. , Grosso Clara
Published: September 2016

Quercus species have a plethora of applications, either in wine and wood industries, in human and animal nutrition or in human health. In order to improve the knowledge on this genus, the aim of the present study was to correlate, for the first time, the phenolic composition of different Quercus ilex L. plant tissues (leaves in two maturation stages, acorns, teguments and cotyledons) and different extraction procedures with scavenging and anticholinesterase activities. The hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained showed strong radical scavenging activity against DPPH, superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide radical, leaves exhibiting higher total phenolic content and revealing the best antioxidant properties, followed by tegument and acorns. Concerning the phenolic profile, fifteen compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC‐DAD, ranging from 1568.43 to 45,803.16 mg/kg dried extract. The results indicate that Q. ilex can be a source of strong antioxidant phenolic compounds with possible interest for food and pharmaceutical industries.
A Brief History and a Framework for Understanding Commonalities and Differences of Community College Student Success Programs
Authors: Hatch Deryl K.
Published: September 2016

This chapter reviews ways that researchers have presented variously narrow and broad groupings of special student success programs over the course of decades. Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) is proposed as a way to conceptualize various kinds of community college student success programs as instances of a more general type of program.
Key Resources for Community College Student Success Programming
Authors: Carales Vincent D. , Garcia Crystal E. , Mardock‐Uman Naomi
Published: September 2016

This chapter provides an overview of organizations and other entities focused on assisting community college staff, faculty, and administrators in developing and promoting student success outcomes. We provide a listing of relevant web resources related to programming and conclude with a summary of suggested readings.
Comprehensive Energy Balance Measurements in Mice
Authors: Moir Lee , Bentley Liz , Cox Roger D.
Published: September 2016

In mice with altered body composition, establishing whether it is food intake or energy expenditure, or both, that is the major determinant resulting in changed energy balance is important. In order to ascertain where the imbalance is, the acquisition of reproducible data is critical. Therefore, here we provide detailed descriptions of how to determine energy balance in mice. This encompasses protocols for establishing energy intake from home cage measurement of food intake, determining energy lost in feces using bomb calorimetry, and using equations to calculate parameters such as energy intake (EI), digested energy intake (DEI), and metabolisable energy intake (MEI) to determine overall energy balance. We also discuss considerations that should be taken into account when planning these experiments, including diet and sample sizes. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Zero‐dead‐volume interfaces for two–dimensional electrophoretic separations
Authors: Sydes Daniel , Kler Pablo A. , Hermans Martin , Huhn Carolin
Published: September 2016

We present the study on the sample transfer characteristics of two different microfluidic interfaces for 2D‐CE . These interfaces were manufactured using two different microfabrication technologies: one was obtained via the classical photolithography—wet etching—anodic‐bonding process; and the other was obtained via the selective laser‐induced etching process. The comparison of the two interfaces, and an intact capillary as a reference, was made via the CE separation of amino acids (arginine and lysine) under different bulk flow conditions, with and without applying bias potential to the secondary channels. The influence on peak shapes, migration times, and repeatabiliy were evaluated.
Student Learning in an International Context: Examining Motivations for Education Transfer
Authors: Roberts Darbi
Published: September 2016

This chapter examines the underlying motivations behind why institutions and organizations decide to apply particular policies and practices. By applying a lens of five diffusion models—learning, imitation, competition, normative, and coercion—to understand these motivations, decision makers and implementers will make better choices for internationalization based on their specific context.
Who Cares for Care Leavers?
Authors: Askew Julie , Rodgers Paul , West Andrew
Published: September 2016

This chapter describes a programme of learning and development at the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom, to support looked‐after children and care leavers (youth previously provided care outside or beyond family) throughout the student lifecycle. In this context, looked‐after children are those cared for by a town/city authority where parent(s) are not able to provide suitable care.
Educating Transformational Leaders in Mexico at Universidad de Monterrey
Authors: Cantón Alicia
Published: September 2016

Mexico faces numerous social, economic, and political challenges. Higher education institutions provide opportunity for change by educating socially responsible leaders to become civically engaged citizens.
Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
Authors: Chen P. Daniel , Mathies Charles
Published: September 2016

This chapter explores the best practices and resources for adopting assessment and evaluation strategies and practices across countries.
Magnetic Anisotropic Particles: Toward Remotely Actuated Applications
Authors: Teo Boon Mian , Young David James , Loh Xian Jun
Published: September 2016

The latest breakthroughs in the synthetic preparation of nanomaterials have led to an expanding library of novel, complex and shape controlled structures with unique characteristics. Anisotropic Janus particles (JPs) are asymmetrical and are able to endow diverse chemical and physical characteristics with directionality within a single particle. They are typically distributed into three classes, viz polymeric, inorganic and polymeric‐inorganic and is made in a variation of morphologies including spherical, mushroom, snowman shaped, rod or cylindrical. Herein, we focus on JPs with a magnetic component, with emphasis on their fabrication, unique characteristics and recent applications.