bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low level laser therapy in the management of trigeminal neuralgia: A rare case report
Authors: Saraswathi Gopal.K  , Mahesh Kumar.P  , Harini. B. K
Published: June 2024

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by sudden, severe, brief, and stabbing recurrent episodes of facial pain in one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Pain attacks can occur spontaneously or can be triggered by non-noxious stimuli, such as talking, eating, washing the face, brushing teeth, shaving, a light touch or even a cool breeze. In addition to pain attacks, a proportion of the patients also experience persistent background pain, which along with autonomic signs and prolonged disease duration, represent predictors of worse treatment outcomes. Here, we present a classical case of trigeminal neuralgia affecting a 63yrs old male patient characterized by electric shock like pain lasting for the duration of 2 months.
Assessment of flood incidents, damages, and mitigation efforts in Danglag, Consolacion, Cebu, Philippines
Authors: Delfa G. Castilla  , Mary Jullienne M. Naquines  , Julius Vincent S. Pable  , Ella Kim V. Paglinawan
Published: June 2024

Flooding, a natural phenomenon with far-reaching consequences, has been a perennial challenge for communities worldwide. Its impacts on lives, livelihoods, and infrastructure are profound. Despite recent efforts to reduce flooding, Barangay Danglag in Consolacion, Cebu, remains vulnerable to flooding. This study examines the causes, effects, and mitigation efforts of flooding in Barangay Danglag, Consolacion, Cebu. Data collected from 29 households near Danglag-Laray Creek revealed that majority of the residents are living in a residential area with a lot smaller than 100 square meters. Most residents experienced flooding in the past decade up to the second floor of the residential properties, primarily due to heavy rainstorms and nearby water bodies overflowing. Additionally, the downspout connections that is revealed to be flown directly to lawns and ground surface that added to water level. The impacts included significant non-monetary losses such as time off work for clean-up and stress. The study reveals that most properties experienced some form of flooding damage over 1 to 3 times for the past 10 years, reporting minimal damage to yards and experiencing damage to lawns, trees, and shrubs. Crop damage was noted and reported damage to fences and auxiliary structures. This study shows that clean, safe supplies of drinking water is highly important as it as crucial, suggesting it is a top priority and likely essential for achieving goals or maintaining standards. Flooding effect mitigation efforts by residents included planting native vegetation, including Mahogany Trees and Madre de Cacao, and using permeable paving. The study underscores the critical need for tailored flood mitigation strategies to enhance community resilience against future flooding events.
Analytical hierarchal process of environmental ethics decision making for environmental sustainability
Authors: Delfa G. Castilla  , Kathleen D. Durano  , Marvin C. Megabon  , Aiza A. Villanueva  , Shane Jison B. Yuson
Published: June 2024

The urgency of environmental sustainability is undeniable; global communities face intensifying challenges due to anthropogenic environmental degradation. Addressing resource depletion and pollution needs urgent and effective solutions. This study investigates environmental sustainability practices in Compostela, Cebu. It explores how barangay official representatives perceive environmental challenges and identify potential areas for improvement. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to analyze the data and prioritize factors influencing environmental sustainability. The findings highlight the importance of energy efficiency and conservation as the primary focus for achieving environmental sustainability in Compostela. Upgrading to energy-efficient equipment emerges as the most impactful alternative within this category. Promoting environmental stewardship through waste reduction is another crucial factor. While renewable energy adaptation and sustainable transportation are also important considerations, they are seen as having a slightly lower overall impact. This research provides valuable insights for barangay officials and policymakers in Compostela, Cebu, to develop effective environmental sustainability strategies. By prioritizing energy efficiency, environmental stewardship, and renewable energy adaptation, the community can move towards a more sustainable future.
Modeling of polyphenols extraction process from green tea and the effect of temperature on the process
Authors: Levan Gulua  , Tamar Khutsidze  , Tamar Turmanidze
Published: June 2024

Two mathematical models of polyphenols extraction from green tea leaves were tested: Peleg’s model and First-order model. Thermodynamical parameters of the process were determined. For the Peleg’s model we got the following analytical equation: Ct= t/(0.2570207+0.0324377*t). Ct is a concentration of polyphenols in extract at the time t. For the First-order model analytical equation describing the extraction process was as follows: Ct=23.09278*(1-exp(-0.1418264*t)). Goodness of fit of the both models were high but the first-order model prognosed equilibrium concentration of polyphenols in tea infusion with much more precisely than the Peleg’s model. Activation energy for the First-order model was equal to 2798 j/mol. Entropy change (ΔS) of this process was equal to 52 (J, (mol, K−1)), and enthalpy change (ΔH) was equal to 16304 (Jmol−1). The ΔG value gradually decreased as the extraction temperature increased, indicating that increasing the extraction temperature can make the extraction easier. First Order Model of tea polyphenols extraction was shown to be well describing the process. The most useful conditions for polyphenols extraction from green tea leaves were 70 ℃ and 20 min.
Determination of drivers in embedding environmental sustainability practices in the apparel sector of Sri Lanka
Authors: Thiwanka Sandaruwan De Fonseka
Published: June 2024

Apparel is the second most polluted industry in the world after oil. Therefore, implementing environmental sustainability practices in the apparel sector is a buzzing topic discussed worldwide. The apparel industry is the prominent export revenue generator of Sri Lanka which contributes to more than 40% of its export income. This research was done to determine the drivers in embedding environmental sustainability practices in the apparel sector of Sri Lanka. Data was collected using a mixed method approach using quantitative data collected through an online questionnaire survey (205 respondents) and qualitative data gathered via semi-structured interviews (30 interviews). Sample size and data analyzing methods were decided using globally accepted scientific methods. The researcher didn’t find any previous scholarly work of a similar study about the apparel sector of Sri Lanka even though many studies were found on the same topic related to other major apparel manufacturing countries in Asia and Africa. Thus, five drivers namely pressure from brands and retailers, enhancing organizational reputation, reduction of operational cost, government regulations, and safety of workers were extracted through the extensive literature survey conducted using previous scholarly work of other countries which were further evaluated for Sri Lankan context using above mentioned quantitative and qualitative data. It was found that all these drivers were relevant to the apparel sector of Sri Lanka while pressure from brands was the most influential and safety of workers was the least influential driver. No other drivers were mentioned by any of the respondents apart from the above-mentioned factors.
Assessment of seasonal variations in water quality in the vicinity of Hathaikheda Reservoir, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Jain Pankaja  , Sarsaiya Surendra  , Gupta Amita
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the Monsoon seasonal dynamics of water and soil quality in the vicinity of Hathaikheda Reservoir, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The analysis of surface water quality revealed consistently warm temperatures, colorless and agreeable odor, but elevated turbidity levels indicating the presence of suspended particles. Surface water demonstrated slightly alkaline pH, moderate mineral content, and low levels of trace metals. In contrast, groundwater exhibited lower electrical conductivity but higher mineral content, particularly elevated total hardness. Both water sources showed detectable levels of nitrates and minimal trace metal contamination. The study aims to assess these seasonal variations comprehensively, providing crucial insights for sustainable resource management and environmental conservation in the region.
Internet of things weather monitoring system
Authors: TAIWO Abdulahi Akintayo  , JOHN B Oladosu  , SANUSI Hakeem  , INAOLAJI Faruk Abolore  , OLASUNKANMI Usman Gbolahan  , AZEEZ Adeyinka Idowu  , TAJUDEEN Wariz Abidemi  , AKINDELE Abayomi Emmanuel  , CHRISTIAN Chukwuemeka Nzeanorue  , SAMUEL Ayanwunmi  Olanrewaju  , OLAOLUWA John Adeleke
Published: June 2024

The IoT Weather Monitoring System aims to develop a comprehensive and efficient solution for real-time weather data collection, analysis, and dissemination using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. With the increasing need for accurate and up-to-date weather information, this project leverages interconnected sensors, data processing techniques, and cloud computing to create a reliable and accessible weather monitoring system. The system comprises a network of weather sensors strategically deployed in various locations to capture meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and rainfall. These sensors are integrated with microcontrollers and wireless communication modules to transmit data to a central data hub. The data hub employs advanced data processing algorithms to clean, aggregate, and analyze the incoming data streams, ensuring the accuracy and quality of the information. To enhance user accessibility, the processed weather data is made available through a user- friendly web application and mobile interface. Users can view current weather conditions, historical trends, and receive alerts for severe weather events based on the analyzed data. Additionally, the system's cloud-based architecture allows for scalability and remote management, ensuring seamless operation and easy expansion to accommodate growing demands.
Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in military personnel (Guidelines)
Authors: Zaitsev A. A. , Makarevich A. M. , Patsenko M. B. , Sinopalnikov A. I. , Sergoventsev A. A. , Kryukov E. V.
Published: June 2024

Community-acquired pneumonia is a relevant issue for the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The article presents the main points of modern clinical guidelines for managing patients with community-acquired pneumonia. It discusses diagnostic possibilities, prognostic scoring systems, criteria for transferring patients to intensive care units, antibiotic prescribing regimens, etc. These guidelines should be used in the training of military doctors and in the professional activities of healthcare workers at all levels of the medical service.
Cerebral small vessel disease — new ideas about chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors: Shirokov E. A. , Sapronenkova О. A.
Published: June 2024

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a heterogeneous disease of the microcirculatory vessel bed, leading to the development of cognitive impairments, lacunar strokes, and intracerebral hemorrhages. The pathogenesis of CSVD is characterized by disturbances in the structure of the intercellular matrix of the vessel wall, resulting in the accumulation of pathological proteins, hyalinosis, necrosis, and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Disease progression is associated with a decrease in the area of the microvascular bed, inflammatory processes, atrophy, and demyelination. The article presents a pathogenetic classification of CSVD, discusses principles of diagnosis and treatment. Special attention is given to promising approaches for managing patients with chronic small artery pathology. Principles for the use of vasodilators from various pharmaceutical groups are proposed and justified, along with discussions on the prospects of using systemic proteolytic enzymes and platelet anti-aggregants.
Metabolic syndrome: prevalence, phenotypes and features of the course in young and middle-aged men
Authors: Vorotylov A. A. , Mikhaylova Z. D.
Published: June 2024

Modern data demonstrate a stable growth of metabolic syndrome (MS) among young and middle-aged individuals.

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of MS, study its phenotypes, clinical and laboratory-instrumental features among hospitalized young and middle-aged men.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 500 medical histories was conducted. Patients were divided into the following groups: with MS, with incomplete MS (preMS), without MS.

Results. MS was diagnosed in 33%, incomplete MS (preMS) in 11.6%, without MS in 55.4% of patients. The most common phenotypes were MS + chronic kidney disease (CKD) and MS + gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The most common component of MS in patients of all three groups was dyslipidemia (DL). Hyperuricemia (p < 0.001; p1–2 = 0.033; p1–3 < 0.001) and elevated transaminase levels (p < 0.001; p1–3  < 0.001) were more common in men with MS. In addition, individuals with MS more often had: changes in urine sediment according to general urine analysis (GU) (p < 0.001; p1–3 < 0.001), ultrasound signs of liver steatosis (p < 0.001; p1–2 < 0.001; p1–3 < 0.001); concrements and cysts on ultrasound examination of the kidneys (US) (p < 0.001; p1–3 < 0.001); presence of CKD (p < 0.001; p1–2 = 0.003; p1–3 < 0.001), predominantly in early stages (Stages 1 and 2). MS was associated with the risk of developing CKD, oncological diseases, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and GERD.

Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate a high prevalence of MS (1/3) among young and middle-aged men, as well as an increased frequency of CKD and fatty liver steatosis/steatohepatitis in patients of this group.
Underground Hydrogen Storage in Porous Media: The Potential Role of Petrophysics
Authors:   Texas A&M University, Okoroafor Esuru Rita , Sekar Lokesh Kumar ,   Texas A&M University, Galvis Henry ,   Texas A&M University
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to showcase the key geological and reservoir engineering parameters that influence underground hydrogen storage, demonstrate the value of some petrophysical data, and show how hydrogen storage differs between depleted gas fields and saline aquifers for reservoir and geomechanical modeling. We utilized numerical simulation modeling to create a base-case model of a synthetic reservoir that accurately represented the hydrodynamic conditions relevant to underground hydrogen storage in porous media. A two-step sensitivity analysis was then conducted. Firstly, we identified the critical parameters that significantly influence the storage and flow of hydrogen in porous media. Subsequently, we analyzed the geomechanical impact of underground hydrogen storage. In addition, we compared the behavior of hydrogen storage to natural gas storage. The study showed that the reservoir depth or current pressure, the reservoir dip, and the flow capacity were the top three factors impacting the optimal withdrawal of hydrogen. The study also revealed that rock displacement and stress changes were important to be monitored, while changes in strain were not significant. If it is assumed that injection occurs in a critically stressed rock, hydrogen injection and withdrawal in saline aquifers could result in more incidence of microseismicity compared to hydrogen storage in depleted fields or even gas storage in depleted fields. This study quantifies uncertainties in data and pinpoints areas where petrophysical measurements could minimize the uncertainty associated with critical parameters relevant to underground hydrogen storage. It also identifies gaps in measurements for hydrogen storage in porous media. These parameters with large uncertainty are crucial for selecting optimal sites for hydrogen storage and detecting subsurface integrity issues when monitoring for underground hydrogen storage in porous media.
Edukasi Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembelajaran
Authors: Oktariani Oktariani , Fauziah Nurul , Sari Yelfira , Baruri Andhika , Ardiansyah Imam
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi yang menarik dan terkini bagi guru tingkat SD, SMP dan SMA di Lingkungan salah satu sekolah swasta di Pekanbaru terkait pelaksanaan Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) dan implikasinya terhadap proses pembelajaran. Edukasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai metode yaitu; ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di lingkungan salah satu sekolah swasta dan diikuti oleh 65 orang guru dan karyawan sekolah, pada 18 September 2023. Diakhir kegiatan dilaksanakan evaluasi dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan mitra dan kualitas kegiatan yang dilakukan sebagai umpan balik bagi tim pengabdian. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman guru terkait pelaksanaan AKM dan tingginya antusias guru dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini. Dengan bertambahnya pemahaman guru ini, diharapkan dapat berimplikasi terhadap pembelajaran dan penilaian yang berorientasi pada peningkatan literasi dan numerasi siswa.
 
The aim of this community service program is to provide an interesting and up-to-date education for teachers at the elementary, secondary and high school levels in private school environment regarding the implementation of AKM and its implications for the learning process. In this program, education is carried out using various methods: lectures, discussions, questions and answers. The event took place in private School and was attended by 65 teachers and school employees, on September 18, 2023. At the end of the activity, an evaluation is carried out using a questionnaire. The evaluation is conducted to determine the level of partner satisfaction and the quality of the activities carried out as feedback for the community service team. The evaluation results showed that there is an increased teacher understanding regarding the implementation of the AKM and the high enthusiasm of teachers in this activity. By increasing teacher understanding of this, it is expected to have implications for learning and assessment that are oriented toward to the improvement of student literacy and numeracy.
French Scientific Instruments at M. V. Lomonosov’s Museum MAE (Kunstkamera) RAS
Authors:   M.V. Lomonosov’s museum at Peter the Great’s Museum for anthropology and ethnography Russian Academy of Sciences, Lupanova Yevgenia M. ,   St. Petersburg
Published: June 2024

The collection of scientific instruments stored at M. V. Lomonosov’s museum at MAE (Kunstkamera) RAS is a unique assemble of material historical sources presenting the history of world sciences at the period of encyclopedism. The article contains the detailed characteristics of seven scientific instruments (sundials, clock, telescope, electrostatic machine) – the technique description, date, specifics of practical usage, by the opportunity – biographic data of experts. The introductory part is devoted to the specifics of French scientific instruments making business in the 18th century – its incompetence in comparison with British, Swiss and German ones emanating from political circumstances and religious attitudes; from the other point of view French instruments are distinguished by refined decoration – luxury not typical for any other nation. The conclusion contains enlightenment potential of the collection under consideration.
Artificial intelligence in the fashion industry: how neural networks are changing digital fashion
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, «St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design», Malahova Aleksandra S.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the fashion industry in the context of media culture transformations. The results of the study allow us to assess the impact of technological innovations on modern fashion trends and understand the role media culture plays in this actively developing process. The thesis is put forward that modern media culture is formed under the influence of innovations, technological progress and at the same time forms its own new user experience, while reflecting modern values and cultural changes; trajectories of such development are shown. The paper provides an analysis of key aspects of artificial intelligence, as well as a cultural analysis of the impact of technological innovations on modern fashion for a deeper understanding of changes in this industry. The article describes the impact of machine learning in the fashion industry.
Identification of Potential Pests on Horticultural Plants at the Agricultural Extension Center, Ngingas Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency.
Authors: Zahro Balqis Ghaitza , Aditya Haidar Fari , Kusuma Ramadhani Mahendra
Published: June 2024

This research aims to identify potential types of pests that attack horticultural plants at the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) of Ngingas Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data through direct observation, interviews with farmers and BPP staff. The types of plants that are the focus of this research are chilies, tomatoes and eggplant. The research results show that there are three main types of pests that attack horticultural plants in the area, namely whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), mealybugs (Phenacoccus manihoti), and fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.). Symptoms of whitefly infestation include yellowing leaves and growth of sooty mold due to honeydew excretion. Mealybugs cause leaves to curl and turn yellow with white powder on the undersides of the leaves and stems. Fruit flies cause holes in the fruit, turning brownish in color, and the presence of larvae in the fruit.
Ways to increase the EMF of semiconductor elements based on thermoelectric effects
Authors: Miagkyi O.V. , Orel R.P. , Meshkov S.M. , Storozhenko V.O.
Published: June 2024

The paper examines the development of the thermovoltaic effect in varizone semiconductor multilayer structures. The effect of the occurrence of electromotive force (EMF) in semiconductor samples without isotype transitions and metal-semiconductor barriers when heated along the sample under the thermovoltaic effect is studied. The possibility of obtaining stable thermally stimulated EMF in semiconductor samples with a heterogeneous composition, in particular in varizone semiconductors when they are heated, is considered. A semiconductor with a heterogeneous composition is simulated, in which the concentration of charge carriers, both electrons and holes, is enough to excite a significant electric current. Cases of both a single varizone semiconductor layer and a combination of several layers under different temperature conditions are considered. Both the definition of the EMF and numerous process characteristics are analyzed. It is confirmed that the appearance of a thermo EMF is caused by the non-equilibrium state and heterogeneity of the environment, as well as its bipolarity. It is shown that in a closed circuit with heterogeneous doping and variable width under uniform heating of the entire circuit, the EFM appears. The equation that determines the EFM ratio in various semiconductors is received. A thermophysical model based on the nonstationary heat equation with boundary conditions of the 2nd and 3rd kind for thermal field calculations is developed. A thermophysical model is created that characterizes a two-layer structure with smoothly changing parameters. The results of the numerical experiment made it possible to obtain the recommended temperature limits for the operation of the considered elements taking into account the SiGe solid solution and to calculate the value of the additional EMF.
Literature Review: Pemahaman Konsep Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Kimia
Authors: Fathonah Euis , Hidayati Aenil , Saputra Setya , Suhaela Haya
Published: June 2024

Understanding concepts in chemistry subjects is crucial, as a lack of understanding can lead to misconceptions. This research aims to analyze existing research on understanding chemical concepts, thereby leveraging the opportunity to conduct further research on chemistry comprehension. This study employs a literature review method based on a variety of articles that discuss understanding concepts. The analysis of articles on conceptual understanding reveals that the years of article publication range from 2017 to 2024, with no journal publications in 2020. The quantitative method is the most commonly used research method, with class XI students making up the majority of the subjects. Acids and bases are a common chemistry topic in research, and the T test is the most common data analysis method. We've concluded that the majority of articles appeared in 2019 and 2021, quantitative research is the most prevalent type, and class XI students make up the majority of research subjects. The most frequently used data analysis in acid-base research is the T test.
Mining the cryptic specialized metabolome of Streptomyces cyanogenus S136
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ostash I. , Deneka M. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lopatniuk M. ,   Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Busche T. ,   CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Kalinowski J. ,   CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Luzhetskyy A. ,   Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Fedorenko V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ostash B. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: June 2024

Streptomyces cyanogenus S136 is known to produce landomycin family antibiotics, particularly its largest congener, landomycin A. Except for landomycins and polyene lucensomycin, no other specialized metabolites were sourced from S136. Nevertheless, S136 genome sequencing revealed over 40 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), implying underappreciated potential of this strain for the production of novel bioactive natural compounds. We set out to gain deeper insight into the specialized metabolome of this strain. First, trans­criptomic analysis of S136 grown under landomycin production conditions has been carried out, revealing that most of them are expressed at a basal level. This, likely, leads to a phenotypic silence of most of the BGCs. Nevertheless, several notable exceptions have been spotted. First of all, landomycin BGC is expressed at high level (at least 100 Transcripts Per Million mapped reads (TPM); and around 1000 TPM for minimal polyketide synthase genes lanFABC). Similarly, high levels of expression showed BGCs # 2, 4, 7 and 33, of which #2, encoding unknown saccharide, is the most dissimilar to the described precedents. RNAseq data also allowed us to delineate better the borders of several presumed BGCs. In the next phase of the work we singled out a few BGCs within S136 that appeared to be promising. First, these BGCs exhibited low similarity to the other gene clusters directing the production of known natural products. Second, the BGCs harbored cluster-situated regulatory genes that can be employed in the attempts to activate the expression of cryptic pathways. For one such BGC we constructed two plasmids for expression of several such regulatory genes and introduced them into S136 and its derivative deficient in production of landomycin A. Bioassays showed no differences in bioactivity of the recombinant strains as compared to the initial strains. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of several S. cyanogenus samples revealed the effects of genotype, growth conditions and extraction on specialized metabolome of this species, setting reference point for further stu­dies.
Pengaruh Program Adiwiyata Terhadap Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Siswa di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Lubis Hamdiah , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan eksistensi program adiwiyata di SMA Pembangunan Laboratoriun UNP untuk (2) mendeskripsikan sikap peduli lingkungan siswa di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP (3)untuk mengetahui pengaruh Program Adiwiyata terhadap sikap peduli lingkungan siswa di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah ex- post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian instrumen penelitian (uji validitas, uji reliabilitas), pengujian prasyarat analisis (uji normalitas, uji linieritas), pengujian hipotesis (analisis regresi linier sederhana, uji T, koefisien determinasi). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1)Eksistensi program adiwiyata di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP penarapan keempat indikator program adiwiyata dan hasil pengisisan angket menunjukkan bahwa program adiwiyata di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP termasuk dalam kategori sedang (2) Kepedulian siswa terhadap lingkungan semakin menurun karena kurangnya kesaradaran dan tanggung jawab dari diri siswa,, hasil perhitungan angket menunjukkan sikap peduli lingkungan siswa di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP termasuk dalam kategori sedang. (3)Terdapat pengaruh antara program adiwiyata terhadap sikap peduli lingkungan siswa di SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP, uji T menunjukkan t hitung lebih besar dari pada t tabel (4,333>1,675) maka dapat dikatakan Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Hasil uji regresi linier sederhana menunjukkan, nilai konstanta/a sebesar 38,12, artinya jika program adiwiyata bernilai konstan (0) maka sikap peduli lingkungan sebesar 38,12. Kemudian, nilai koefisien regresi/b sebesar 0,540, artinya setiap kenaikan penerapan program adiwiyata maka akan menaikkan sikap peduli lingkungan sebesar 0,540. Dan diperoleh koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,265. Kesimpulannya, pengaruh variabel program adiwiyata terhadap variabel sikap peduli lingkungan sebesar 26,5%.
Analisis Motivasi Sebagai Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Melanjutkan Studi Ke Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Murdifin Rendy , Rifelino Rifelino , Lapisa Remon , Adri Junil
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak motivasi yang mempengaruhi minat siswa melanjutkan kuliah di SMK Negeri 1 Pariaman. Pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional. Siswa mengisi kuesioner yang dirancang untuk menilai sejauh mana motivasi mempengaruhi keinginan  siswa tersebut untuk melanjutkan studi ke jenjang perkuliahan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara motivasi dan minat melanjutkan studi, dengan koefisien jalur sebesar 0.2125 yang menunjukkan hubungan positif yang signifikan. Temuan ini signifikan secara statistik dengan nilai sebesar 2.301, yang lebih besar dari 0.05. Sehinnga dari hasil tersebut hipotesis bahwa motivasi mempengaruhi minat siswa untuk kuliah pada siswa kelas XII SMK Negeri 1 Pariaman diterima dan terbukti benar. Hasil studi ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan strategi pendidikan dan bimbingan di sekolah untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa agar lebih tertarik melanjutkan studi ke perguruan tinggi.
Geovisualisasi Perubahan Garis Pantai Di Kota Padang Dengan Memanfaatkan Aplikasi Berbasis Android
Authors: Pranatan Gilang , Yulfa Arie
Published: June 2024

Perubahan garis pantai merupakan isu yang krusial di wilayah pesisir Indonesia, termasuk Kota Padang. Selama dua dekade terakhir, proses abrasi dan akresi telah menyebabkan perubahan signifikan yang berdampak pada ekosistem pesisir dan kehidupan masyarakat yang bergantung pada wilayah tersebut. Peningkatan abrasi di sepanjang Pantai Padang disebabkan oleh arus yang kuat, gelombang, dan degradasi ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa Kota Padang mengalami dominasi abrasi selama periode tertentu. Selama 20 tahun terakhir, perubahan garis pantai di Kota Padang telah merusak struktur bangunan, terutama rumah semi permanen, dan berdampak negatif pada ekosistem buatan dan alami. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, pengembangan aplikasi berbasis Android untuk memvisualisasikan perubahan garis pantai menjadi penting. Aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan visualisasi yang informatif, interaktif, dan mudah digunakan bagi masyarakat, sambil membantu pemerintah dalam merumuskan kebijakan pembangunan wilayah pesisir Kota Padang. Metodologi penelitian didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip Siklus Hidup Pengembangan Sistem (SDLC), yang memandu pendekatan terstruktur dalam perencanaan, pengembangan, dan pengujian. Tahapan pengembangan aplikasi meliputi analisis kebutuhan, desain, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Hasilnya adalah aplikasi Android yang menyediakan informasi komprehensif tentang perubahan garis pantai Kota Padang dengan antarmuka yang informatif dan fungsional.
Application of microsatellite analysis in genetic studies of the European (Bison bonasus)
Authors: Churbakova N. , Kharzinova V. , Koshkina O. , Volkova V.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: to summarise the results of the genetic diversity studies of the European bison (Bison bonasus) using microsatellite analysis method.

Materials and methods. NCBIs PubMed Database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU (https://elibrary.ru/).

Results. Many studies have been devoted to the maintenance of genetic diversity of the European bison. To date, most studies in the field based on evaluation of pedigree data and on the use of nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure, control inbreeding level of captive-bred groups is one of the main tasks in the conservation and reproduction of rare species. This is due to the fact that in such groups there is a decrease in genetic variability, which affects the adaptation and survival of individuals reintroduced to the wild. The first genetic studies of wisent began with the analysis of blood groups in the 1960s. With the discovery of DNA structure and the development of methods for determining its variability, the study of protein polymorphism was replaced by the analysis of the nucleotide sequence in a DNA molecule. Microsatellites, single-nucleotide polymorphisms and mitochondrial DNA have become widespread in studies of the genetic structure of wisent. One of the important criteria for DNA markers, is to reduce the cost of analysis and availability for routine use. In this regard, in our study, we paid more attention to a more cost-effective method, which is the analysis of microsatellite loci. A total of 48 microsatellite loci were successfully amplified for the European bison population. The multiplex panels of microsatellite markers developed for cattle (Bos taurus) were mainly used. At the same time, the spectrum and number of loci in the studies of different authors were not the same. The only exception was the BM1824 locus, which was used by almost all research teams. The number of alleles per locus varied from 1 to 6. Most of the loci considered are characterised by a low number of alleles, which makes it difficult to assess the actual indicator of the level of inbreeding in the European bison populations. In this connection, it is necessary to search for new, previously unexplored, highly polymorphic loci for estimating the genetic diversity of wisent, which will allow not only a more detailed description of the current state of genetic diversity, the level of genomic inbreeding, but also an assessment of the degree of lineage differentiation, and will help to identify the presence of hybridisation with the North American bison (Bison bison bison) and the cattle (Bos taurus).
Taxon-specific hydrogen isotope signals in cultures and mesocosms facilitate ecosystem and hydroclimate reconstruction
Authors: Ladd Nemiah , Nelson Daniel , Matthews Blake , Dyer Shannon , Limberger Romana , Klatt Antonia , Narwani Anita , Dubois Nathalie , Schubert Carsten
Published: June 2024

Phytoplankton play a key role in biogeochemical cycles, impacting atmospheric and aquatic chemistry, food webs, and water quality. However, it remains challenging to reconstruct changes in algal community composition throughout the geologic past, as existing proxies are suitable only for a subset of taxa and/or influenced by degradation. Here, we investigate if compound-specific hydrogen isotope ratios (d2H values) of common algal lipids can serve as (paleo)ecological indicators. First, we grew 20 species of algae – representing cyanobacteria, diatoms, dinoflagellates, green algae, and cryptomonads – in batch cultures under identical conditions and measured d2H values of their lipids. Despite identical source water d2H values, lipid d2H values ranged from -455 ‰ to -52 ‰, and clustered according to taxonomic groups and chemical compound classes. In particular, green algae synthesized fatty acids with higher d2H values than other taxa, cyanobacteria synthesized phytol with relatively low d2H values, and diatoms synthesized sterols with higher d2H values than other eukaryotes. Second, we assessed how changes in algal community composition can affect net d2H values of common algal lipids in 20 experimental outdoor ponds, which were manipulated via nutrient loading, and the addition of macrophytes and mussels. High algal biomass in the ponds, which was mainly caused by cyanobacterial and green algal blooms, was associated with higher d2H values for generic fatty acids, relatively stable d2H values for phytol and the dinoflagellate biomarker dinostanol, and lower d2H values for the more cosmopolitan sterol stigmasterol. These results are consistent with expectations from our culture-based analyses, suggesting that measuring d2H values of multiple lipids from sediment and calculating 2H-offsets between them can resolve changes in algal community composition from changes in source water isotopes. With an appropriate availability of sedimentary lipids, this approach could permit the reconstruction of both taxonomic variability and hydroclimate from diverse sedimentary systems.
The role of future planning, patience, and risk tolerance for prospective reciprocity in human adults
Authors: Keupp Stefanie , Grueneisen Sebastian , Olschewski Sebastian , Hernández-Lloreda M Victoria , Warneken Felix , Ludvig Elliot Andrew , Melis Alicia P.
Published: June 2024

The current study aimed to test a suite of psychological proximate mechanisms that are critical for a form of cooperation thought to be unique to humans: prospective reciprocity – engaging in cooperative acts with the anticipation that benefits will be returned in the future. We developed and validated a novel online test battery with n = 297 participants to assess individual differences in three cognitive domains (planning, patience, risk tolerance) and their potential relation to participants’ responses in different prospective reciprocity tasks. Our tasks assessing patience showed high internal consistency and were positively correlated with prospective reciprocity. The pattern was less clear for risk, where association patterns varied across tasks. Planning ability was negatively correlated with one of the prospective reciprocity tasks. Our results suggest that all three cognitive domains are relevant for explaining prospective reciprocity; however, they also warrant caution for interpreting findings based on single behavioral elicitation methods, and call for a better psychometric understanding of behavioral tasks.
Ketamine in severe, highly treatment-resistant depression—a retrospective case study and a perspective
Authors: Turkia Mika
Published: June 2024

Ketamine is a well-known and widely available general anesthetic from the 1960s that, in sub-anesthetic doses, has been adopted in a limited manner for the treatment of acute suicidality and treatment-resistant depression. Its short onset time and short duration of action make it feasible for use at outpatient clinics. In the US, it has a long history of off-label use and was officially approved for depression treatment in 2019. In Finland, it has been administered to selected hospitalized patients in the public healthcare system since 2010 and became available at a private outpatient clinic very recently. In Norway, it has been administered off-label at a private clinic for approximately 500 patients since mid-2010s and at a public clinic for approximately 300 patients since 2020, with plans on opening more clinics in 2024. In the US, the treatment has been administered to hundreds of thousands of patients. The retrospective ethnographic inquiry part of this study features a Finnish woman in her twenties who suffered from treatment-resistant depression, rooted in her insecure childhood and having been bullied at school, as well as income insecurity and excessive workload in adulthood. Eventually, she was violently raped, which induced an obvious post-traumatic stress disorder and exacerbated her depression, incapacitating her. In the course of approximately five years, she was prescribed ten different anti-depressive medications and seventeen other medications, including various antipsychotic medications and lithium. These failed to provide an anti-depressive effect but resulted in 'massive' adverse effects instead, including 60% weight gain and psychotic hallucinations. Eventually, esketamine spray treatment at a private outpatient clinic resolved her depression in a single session. A weekly re-administration process was ongoing. In this case, repeated esketamine administration alleviated depression by producing accumulating corrective emotional experiences without the need to re-experience previous traumatizing events. In a few months to a year, the transient but accumulating anti-depressive effect typically leads to the resolution of depression in most cases, if the patients' living conditions no longer constantly re-traumatize them. It is necessary to adopt ketamine more widely as an emergency measure while more effective, non-addictive alternatives and complements are prepared for adoption. The cost of this specific pilot program implementation was unscalable, but costs can be reduced by approximately 90% by modifying the implementation details. Ketamine and its more effective alternative, 5-MeO-DMT, can serve a major role in facilitating a rebirth of public and private mental healthcare systems, with treatment efficacy multiplied and treatment costs simultaneously reduced.
Morgan’s Canon and the Associative-Cognitive Distinction Today: A Survey of Practitioners
Authors: Voudouris Konstantinos , Farrar Benjamin George , Cheke Lucy , Halina Marta
Published: June 2024

Philosophers of science and mind have paid increasing attention to the field of comparative psychology. Two recurring points of discussion in the literature are the methodological value of Morgan's Canon and the distinction between associative and cognitive processes. Although the existing literature regularly makes claims about the beliefs and attitudes of comparative psychologists, there are few empirical studies verifying these claims. This paper fills this gap by presenting and analysing the views of over two hundred comparative psychologists on Morgan’s Canon and the associative-cognitive distinction. We found that while there is some agreement between the claims in the existing literature and the views of the practitioners surveyed here (e.g., that Morgan’s Canon is a parsimony principle), there are also surprising points of divergence (e.g., practitioners do not view the associative-cognitive distinction as a version of Morgan’s Canon). We intend for this study to inform existing philosophical and theoretical work on perennial questions regarding how to study animal minds and behaviour.
Instrumental helping and short-term reciprocity in chimpanzees and human children
Authors: Herrmann Esther
Published: June 2024

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans cooperate in reciprocal patterns, but it is unclear whether these interactions are based on the same psychological foundations. While there is evidence suggesting that both species engage in long-term forms of reciprocity, there is very little work exploring their short-term behavioural contingencies with suitable methods. Here we present a direct comparative study on short-term reciprocity in chimpanzees and human children using a novel, low-cost instrumental helping task. We investigated whether participants help a conspecific partner to obtain a tool for accessing a reward, and whether the level of helping depends on the partner’s previous helpful or unhelpful behaviour. In line with prior research, both chimpanzees and children demonstrated helping behavior toward their partner. However, the extent to which the two species showed short-term reciprocity differed considerably. After receiving help, tested children always helped in return. They helped substantially less when interacting with an unhelpful partner. Chimpanzees showed a higher tendency to help when interacting with a helpful compared to an unhelpful partner only in the first half the experiment. With increasing trial number, chimpanzees stopped discriminating between helpful and unhelpful partners. This study provides evidence for short-term reciprocity in human children and, to a lesser extent, in our closest living relatives. Our findings demonstrate that helping paradigms provide a useful context to investigate reciprocal motives in humans and chimpanzees alike.
Platonic Supremacy and Unorthodox Takes on Reality
Authors: Khan Tariq
Published: June 2024

A short speculative philosophical essay presenting some unique or unorthodox descriptions of the nature of reality. A few example interpretations of reality are discussed, extending arguments from scientists including Julian Barbour, Donald D. Hoffman, and Roger Penrose involving the nature of time, consciousness, and fundamental reality. The idea of Platonic Supremacy is proposed where our reality coexists in a single universe with Platonic ideals. A universe without time is considered as well as one where Platonic ideals actually drive all conscious actions - instead of free will - as they interact with our minds.
Entwicklung einer web-basierten Plattform zur formativen und feedback-gestützten Evaluation der ambulanten Routineversorgung Systemischer Psychotherapie (SysDok)
Authors: Hunger Christina , Evers Oliver , Baumeister Harald , Braus Niels , Eiler Sandro , Fendel Johannes Caspar , Hermans Björn Enno , Meßner Eva-Maria , Ochs Matthias , Portenhauser Alexandra , Terhorst Yannik , Schmidt Stefan
Published: June 2024

Theoretischer Hintergrund. Die Systemische Therapie ist Teil der psychotherapeutischen Routineversorung für Erwachsene, Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland. Jedoch existiert kein standardisiertes Instrumentarium zu ihrer Qualitätssicherung. Fragestellung. Wie kann eine regelmäßige, niedrigschwellige und ökonomische Befragung (Routine Outcome Monitoring, ROM) konzipiert und in die systemtherapeutische Versorgungslandschaft implementiert werden? Methode. Die web-basierte Plattform SysDok nutzt klassische und computer-adaptive Testverfahren. Erhoben werden Daten von Klient*innen, wichtigen Bezugspersonen und Therapeut*innen in systemtherapeutischen Ambulanzen. Ergebnisse. Ein altersspannenübergreifendes Messinventar dient der Informationssammlung im Erwachsenen-, Kinder- und Jugendlichenbereich ab dem 12. Lebensjahr und erfasst das psychische (PROMIS), systembezogene (EXIS, EVOS) und allgemeine Funktionsniveau (ERI, EQ-5D-5L), negative Erfahrungen durch Psychotherapien (INEP) sowie die therapeutische Allianz (WAI). Die SysDok-Pilotierung startete in Kooperationen mit einem Verbund von systemtherapeutischen Institutsambulanzen. Schlussfolgerung. SysDok zeigt sich vielversprechend in der zukünftigen Sicherstellung einer qualitativ hochwertigen Routineversorgung und mit Blick auf eine zukünftig personalisierte systemtherapeutische Versorgung („Precision Medicine“).Schlüsselwörter: Systemische Therapie; Routine Outcome Monitoring; Routineversorgung; Aus- und Weiterbildung Psychologische Psychotherapie