bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Anti-bacterial, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Some New Biologically Important Indazole Derivatives
Authors: Farooqui Mazahar , Ali Nasir Ali Shafakat , Zaheer Zaheer , Rahman Zia Ur , Khan Ashpaq
Published: December 2024

A series of new indazolyl derivatives (1.1A - 1.5E) have been prepared from commercially available N-methyl-3-indazole carboxylic acid and 7-amino cephalosporic acid. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-bacterial, analgesic and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities using acetic acid writhing in mice and carrageenan paw oedema method in mice. The series of compounds have analgesic activity in the order 1.4D>1.3C>1.5E>1.2B >1.1A Compound 1.3C had maximum zone of inhibition for Bacillus thurengensis, Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus Subtilis and showed least zone of inhibition to E. coli. It did not show any zone of inhibition to remaining bacteria. Compound 1.2B showed maximum zone of inhibition to Bacillus thurengensis and E. coli. Compound 1.1A showed maximum zone of inhibition Proteus vulgaris Bacillus Subtilis and Bacillus thurengensis
Synthesis of a Novel Class of Some 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives and their Anti-HIV Activity
Authors: Desai Sweta D. , Desai Kishor R. , Chikhalia Kishor H. , Pannecouque Christophe , Clercq Erik De
Published: December 2024

Novel substituted s-triazine based derivatives were prepared by condensation of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-s-triazine with anisole, p-trifluoromethyl aniline and amino acid chloride, upon which the compounds were derivatized to their phenyl(thio)urea derivatives, and evaluated for their antiviral activity against human immunodefiency virus HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD). The structures of novel synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of 1H NMR, FTIR spectral data and elemental analysis.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of novel 3-benzyl-2- (4'-substituted phenyl)-4(5H)-(4''-nitrophenyl amino)-1, 3-oxazolidines
Authors: T Panneer Selvam , P. Ramu , A Siva Kumar
Published: December 2024

Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of oxazolidine derivatives. Oxazolidine ring is a reduced form of oxazole system; many of its derivatives possess interesting biological activities, such as anti-convulsant, anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. In our study, the biological activity of synthesized novel 3-benzyl-2-(4'-substituted phenyl)-4(5H)-(4''-nitrophenyl amino)-1, 3-oxazolidines 6a-e were characterized by antimicrobial screening against several gram-positive, gram negative bacteria and fungus. The purity of the synthesized compounds was characterized by means of IR, 1H-NMR, mass spectral and elemental analysis. Antimicrobial screening for all the compounds exhibits characteristic microbial inhibition against Bacillus lentus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus albus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Salmonella paratyphi, Proteus vulgaris and Candida albicans
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Azetidinone and Thiazolidinone Derivatives of 1-(1´,3´-thiazol-4´-yl)-amino-2-phenyl-4- cyclohexylideneimidazol-5-one
Authors: Singh Sheoraj , Kumar Vikas , Kumar Ashok , Sharma Shalabh , Dua Piyush
Published: December 2024

5-one (10-14) and 1-[{2´-(2˝-substitutedaryl-4˝-thiazolidinon-3˝-yl)-1´,3´-thiazol-4´-yl}-amino-2-phenyl-4-cyclohexylideneimidazol]-5 one (15-19) have been synthesized from 1-[{2´-(substitutedarylidenylimino)-1´,3´-thiazol-4´-yl}-amino-2-phenyl-4-cyclohexylidene imidazol]-5-one (5-9). All these compounds of the present series have also been screened in vitro for their antibacterial activity against various strains of bacteria. Substantial results were obtained. Compound 11 showed superior antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 with MIC 0.781 µg/ml. The structure of these compounds has been elucidated by IR, 1H-NMR, Mass spectral and elemental (C, H, N) analysis.
Discovery of Novel Inhibitors Against Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae MurF Enzyme using Phamracophore Modeling and QSAR Analysis
Authors: Vaddavalli Radha , Gaddam Bagyanaryana , Maddikara Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2024

Main aim of the current study was to discover novel inhibitors against Streptococcus pneumoniae MurF enzyme using analogue based drug design. Pharmacophore mapping and 3D-QSAR analysis was performed on some previously synthesized and evaluated sulfonamide derivatives which are known to be potent inhibitors of penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae MurF receptor. 3D-QSAR study based on the principle of alignment of pharmacophoric features was performed on the same set of inhibitors using the PHASE module of Schrodinger suite. A five point pharmacophore, ADHRR, with one hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, one hydrophobic group and two aromatic rings yielded a statistically significant 3D-QSAR model with 0.96 as R2 value for three PLS components and good predictive correlation coefficients of Q2 = 0.8084, F = 140.6 and Pearson-R = 0.9157 for the test set with nine compounds. Thus, indicating good predictive power of the pharmacophore based 3D-QSAR model.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of some 2,5-Disubstituted -1,3,4- Oxadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Somani Rakesh R. , Agrawal Anuj G. , Bhanushali Umesh V. , Kalantri Pushkar P. , Clercq Erik De
Published: December 2024

Synthesis of some new 2, 5-diaryl-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives starting from Isoniazide (INH) is described. The target compounds 11- 20 were obtained by treating INH with various aromatic aldehydes and monosaccharides to give corresponding Schiff ’s bases 1- 10, which upon subsequent oxidation, by using either method A, B or C, yielded desired compounds. They were purified and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses. These compounds were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. Compounds 11, 16 and 17 exhibited good antibacterial and antifungal activity, however, none of the compounds were enough active against various strains of virus.
Acetylcholinesterase/butylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of Substituted Chromenone Derivatives
Authors: J Ashok Kumar , G Saidachary , P Kavitha , J Venkateswara Rao , B Sridhar , B China Raju
Published: December 2024

3,6-Disubstituted-2H-2-chromenones 3a-l and 3,4,6-trisubstituted 2H-2-chromenones 3m & 3n were synthesized from 5-bromosalicylaldehyde 1 and 5-bromo-2-hydroxyacetophenone 5. Suzuki coupling of 5-bromosalicylaldehyde with various phenylboronic acids yielded 5-substituted salicylaldehydes 2b-l and these compounds were reacted with various β-ketoesters in presence of piperidine afforded substituted chromenone derivatives 3a-l in very good yields. The compounds 3m & 3n were prepared by Suzuki coupling of 2m. Synthesized compounds 3a-n were screened for in vitro AChE & BuChE activities and found that the compound 3n shown significant activity where as 3g, 3h, 3j, 3k & 3m compounds were shown moderate activity of AChE. The compound 3d shown potent activity, where as 3c & 3m shown moderate activity of BuChE and the results were compared with the standard drug Galanthamine.
New Benzimidazolo Indane-1, 3-Dione Derivatives: Synthesis and In-vitro Screening Against Helminthic Infections
Authors: S Jubie , R Gayathri , A.R. Srividya , R Kalirajan , S `Suresh , S. Sankar , K Elango
Published: December 2024

Novel benzimidazolo indane-1, 3-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. Biological screening of synthesized compounds allowed the identification of some novel anthelmintic agents bearing indane-1, 3-dione and benzimidazole scaffolds. Some of these compounds exhibited promising anthelmintic activities.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 3-alkyl/aryl–2- methylquinazolin-4-one Derivatives
Authors: M.S. Ranawat , S.V Amrutkar , P Phargharmol
Published: December 2024

Quinazolin-4-ones with 2, 3-disubstitution is reported to possess significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant activities. We have developed an efficient method for the synthesis of 3-substituted-2-methylquinazolin-4-one by the condensation reaction of Anthranilic acid, acetic anhydride with various amines. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for anxiolytic activity by Elevated plus Maze Test and Light and Dark Test. It is observed that the aliphatic and aromatic substitution at 3-position of 2-methylquinazolin-4-one gives potent anxiolytic activity. In particular, ENA showed highest anxiolytic activity in Elevated plus Maze Test and EMQ and AMQ showed highest anxiolytic activity in Light and dark test model
Validation of QSAR Models - Strategies and Importance
Authors: Veerasamy Ravichandran , Rajak Harish , Jain Abhishek , Sivadasan Shalini , Varghese Christapher P. , Agrawal Ram Kishore
Published: December 2024

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) is based on the hypothesis that changes in molecular structure reflect changes in the observed response or biological activity. The success of any quantitative structure–activity relationship model depends on the accuracy of the input data, selection of appropriate descriptors, statistical tools and the validation of the developed model. Validation is a crucial aspect of QSAR modeling. Validation is the process by which the reliability and significance of a procedure are established for a specific purpose. Hence in this review we focus on the importance of validation of QSAR models and different methods of validation.
Molecular Modeling Studies of β-aminoacyl containing Homopiperazine derivatives as DPP4 Inhibitors
Authors: S Janardhan , Y Padmanabha Reddy
Published: December 2024

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) is a promising target for developing novel anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drugs. Pharmacophore based three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship studies (3D-QSAR) and molecular docking were performed on a series of 56 β-aminoacyl-containing homopiperazine derivatives of DPP4 inhibitors to find out the structural relationship with the activity. The best predictive 3D-QSAR model with pharmacophore based alignment resulted in R2 (training set) value of 0.9407, Q2 (internal test set) value of 0.9053, Pearson-R value of 0.9517 and root mean square error (RMSE) 0.2838. The information rendered by pharmacophore based 3D-QSAR models and docking studies may afford valuable clues to optimize the lead and design of potent, selective inhibitors.
2D-QSAR Study of Fluoroquinolone Derivatives:An Approach to Design Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Palkar Mahesh B. , Noolvi Malleshappa N. , Patel Harun M. , Maddi Veeresh S. , L.V.G. Nargund
Published: December 2024

QSAR studies were performed on a set of 39 analogs of fluoroquinolone using MDS vlife science QSAR plus module by using. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression methods. Among these, MLR method has shown a very promising result as compared to other two methods and a QSAR model was generated by a training set of 28 molecules with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9412, significant cross validated correlation coefficient (q2) of 0.9213 and F test of 38.8480. In the selected descriptors, estate contribution, chi, path cluster and alignment independent descriptors were the most important descriptors in predicting anti-tubercular inhibitory activity.
Insights through molecular modeling into the structural requirement of Phenyl(6-phenylpyrazin-2-yl)methanone derivatives as aldose reductase inhibitors
Authors: Gaikwal Rohan , Pandey Jyoti , Sabarwal Neetu , Agrawal Yogesh P. , Gupta Arun K.
Published: December 2024

Aldose reductase, play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Therefore design of aldose reductase inhibitors has received considerable attention. In the present study molecular insights were explored through docking and QSAR. The quantification of the structural features of Phenyl(6-phenylpyrazin-2-yl)methanone analogs inferred that atomic Senderson electronegativity, van der Waals volume and charge distribution on the molecule are decisive for the aldose reductase inhibitory activity. Moreover, docking study depicted that benzonoid system of scaffold is crucial for - interaction with the side chain of key aromatic amino acids i.e. TRP111 and TRP20. These structural insights might provide significant roadmap for continuing search of potential ARIs prior to synthesis.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 5-aminoquinoline and 3-amino phenol derivatives
Authors: Mohana Kikkeri N. , Mallesha Lingappa , Gurudatt Doddahosur. M
Published: December 2024

A series of 5-aminoquinoline derivatives 3a-f and 3-aminophenol derivatives 5a-f were synthesized in order to determine their in vitro antimicrobial activity. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectral studies. Among the synthesized compounds, 3a, 3e, 3f, 5b, 5c and 5f showed good antimicrobial activity against tested microbial strains.
Designing hypothesis of substituted naphthyridines as anti-HIV agent: A QSAR Approach
Authors: Veerasamy Ravichandran , Ying Koay Hui , Reneeraj Joanna Selvi , Hui Lim Sue
Published: December 2024

HIV-1 Integrase is a validated drug target for anti-HIV therapy. It is an essential enzyme required for replication of the AIDS-virus. 1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted naphthyridine derivatives act against HIV integrase and thus have the potential to become a part of anti-HIV drug regime. In present study, we have carried out QSAR study of 1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted naphthyridine derivatives. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to derive QSAR models and was evaluated for statistical significance and predictive power. The best QSAR model was selected for anti-HIV activity, having correlation coefficient (R) = 0.862, standard error of estimation (SEE) = 0.271 and cross validated squared correlation coefficient (Q2) = 0.676. The QSAR model indicates that shape index, partition coefficient and solvent accessible surface area play an important role in the anti-HIV activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted naphthyridine derivatives. The results of the present study may be useful in designing more potent analogues.
Modified 9H-fluorene-9-carboxamides as MTP-inhibitors
Authors: Raval Saurin , Jain Mukul , Raval Preeti , Jogiya Digvijay , Soni Krunal , Yadav Jignesh , Barot Jaymin , Khedkar Nilesh , Joharapurkar Amit
Published: December 2024

Introduction Metabolic disorder is a cluster of disorder of metabolism like hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and obesity. Any of these alone or in combination can lead to high risk for the development of high levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin resistance.
Nigerian medicinal plants with potential anticancer activity—a review
Authors: Abdulazeez Mansurah A. , Jasim Hiba A. , Popoola Temidayo D. , Benson Saheed O. , Manosroi Jiradej , Sallau Abdullahi B. , Tabari Musa A. , Fatokun Amos A.
Published: December 2024

Despite the fact that life expectancies are increasing and the burden of infectious diseases is decreasing, global cancer incidence rates are on the rise. Cancer outcome metrics are dismal for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including sub-Saharan Africa, where adequate resources and infrastructure for cancer care and control are lacking. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, exemplifies the miserable situation. However, the investigation of medicinal plants for better and safer anti-cancer drugs has now increased tremendously. While scientific evidence is emerging of the potential of some constituents of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in Nigeria to have anti-cancer effects, there is now a critical need for platforms that integrate ethnomedicinal information on such plants with emerging scientific data on them, to support and accelerate the discovery and development of more efficacious and safer anti-cancer drugs and recipes. Thus, this review highlights the scientific evidence to date for the anti-cancer potential of plants commonly used in traditional medicine to treat cancers in Nigeria. Scientific databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, as well as related sources, were searched to retrieve relevant information on anti-cancer medicinal plants. Ethnobotanical/ethnomedicinal details of the identified plants were then linked with the available scientific data on their anti-cancer potential, including the cytotoxicity to cancer and normal cells of the extracts and constituent compounds responsible for the activity. This annotated chronicle of Nigerian medicinal plants with potential anticancer activity is a great resource for all stakeholders in the prevention and management of cancers.
THE CONCEPT OF “SOFT POWER” AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF ITS APPLICATION IN THE MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Korotysheva N. N. , Ivanova Y. V.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the concept of “soft power” in two aspects: firstly, as an ideological component of manipulative conscious technologies and modern cognitive wars, which manifest themselves as particularly dangerous among young people; secondly, “soft power” is considered as a cultural phenomenon, realized, among other things, through cinema. As a result, a conclusion is made about the possible use of knowledge about “soft power” as one of the ways to develop autonomous thinking skills in the learning process, using the example of watching films or individual scenes that have an opposite ideological orientation
UNEMPLOYED CITIZENS: PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LEARNING
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Polyakova I. V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the structure of the educational program of the Smolensk Employment Center. The purpose of the work is to present the methodological features of the development of an adaptation Program for unemployed citizens in order to support their mental state and create conditions for optimizing their employment. The psychological features of the transformation of the mental and personal characteristics of unemployed citizens, as well as the problems of psychological and pedagogical training of consultants of the employment center are discussed.
THE FORMATION OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN ABILITY TO WORK INFORMATION IN MATHEMATICS LESSONS
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Baklanova G. A.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме по созданию условий в процессе обучения для формирования у младших школьников умений работать с разнообразной информацией. В работе представлены приемы, способствующие формированию у школьников, обучающихся в начальной школе, информационных умений. Приведены примеры конкретных заданий, которые могут быть использованы учителем начальных классов для достижения названной цели. Статья может быть интересна учителям начальных классов, преподавателям и студентам педагогических
вузов и колледжей.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors:   Altai State Agrarian University, Lesnykh E. A.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассматриваются проблемы цифровизации современного образования. Анализируются не только перспективы цифровизации образования, но и негативные последствия. Приводятся результаты анкетирования студентов по определению уровня знаний об образовательной среде Moodle и технологии электронного обучения, а также уровень удовлетворенности работы в данной среде.
AN EXAMPLE OF A MODEL OF METHODOLOGY FOR USING DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL CONTENT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BASIC GENERAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF SCHOOLS
Authors:   Federal State University of Education, Ryzhova N. I.
Published: December 2024

The article actualizes the problems of pedagogical design of new model (approximate) methods of using digital educational content (DEC) for subjects of various cycles and all levels of school education, recommended by the Ministry of education and created in accordance with the didactic goals and objectives of the current Federal State Educational Standards. The materials presented in the article will allow one to form an idea of both the content of the Library of the CSC «My School» itself, and the components of the methodology for using the CSC for general education in the context of the digital transformation of the school as relevant support for a modern teacher, which is being developed at the State University of Education (Moscow).
DIGITAL MICROSCOPE AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING COGNITIVE INTEREST IN THE STUDY OF NATURE IN THIRD GRADERS
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Shakleina E. D. , Gabdulinova K. G.
Published: December 2024

Digital learning tools are playing an increasingly important role in modern primary education. This article focuses on the issue of using the Levenhuk Rainbow – 50L PLUS digital microscope with the Levenhuk M300 BASE digital camera to enhance younger students’ interest in exploring nature. The authors note that this aspect is not well studied in the field of pedagogy. Based on an analysis of scientific, educational, and methodological literature, this article identifies the pedagogical conditions for using a digital microscope to foster third-graders’ interest in studying nature. Theoretical findings are supported by the results of a pedagogical experiment, allowing the authors to conclude the effectiveness of using a digital microscope to enhance third-graders’ interest in exploring nature.
A LOGICAL STRATEGY FOR ORGANIZING READING
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Lobastova V. A.
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes reading as a cultural and educational phenomenon. Reading is an educational activity that requires systematic organization. The reader’s experience allows us to combine the ideas and positions accumulated in the process of education and self-organization into a single system of flexibly correlated thoughts. Sergey Innokentievich Povarnin, a professor at Leningrad State University, is known for his research in the field of history and theory of logic, rhetoric, philosophy, and literary studies. In addition, the Russian scientist actively developed the structure and principles of classification in library science. The ability to quickly identify the subject of a book helps you navigate the book world with confidence. Convinced that reading is a creative process, S.I. Povarnin looks at the reading process from a logical point of view and formulates some key criteria for understanding that distinguish correct reading from incorrect and allow you to get more benefit from reading, eliminate possible disadvantages and avoid harm as much as possible, thereby preventing artlessness in working on the book.
BREAKTHROUGH OF PHILOSOPHY INTO CULTURE: TO DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, An S. A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the processes of penetration of philosophical concepts into different spheres of culture: science, art, religion. Man is analyzed as a subject of culture. The process of invasion of the philosophy of existentialism into world artistic culture is revealed. Presents a modern world of values that have lost high ideals. The problems of the humanities in modern education are outlined.
IRRATIONAL IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY OF THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY AS THE BASIS OF SPIRITUAL SEARCH FOR MODERN THOUGHT
Authors:   Altai Institute for Educational Development named after A. M. Toporov, Nesterov V. I.
Published: December 2024

The article examines various points of view on the reasons for the originality of Russian philosophy at the beginning of the 20th century. Common features and differences between Western and Russian philosophical traditions are compared. As a result, a characteristic of the irrational component of Russian thought at the time is given. It is proposed that the exploration of the irrational in Russian philosophical thought could provide a source of inspiration for contemporary thinkers.
YOUTH POLICY OF MODERN RUSSIA AS A FACTOR IN SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH: SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Skopa V. A. , Volnykh S. S.
Published: December 2024

Young people as the future of the nation are of particular value to the state. The article examines the role of youth policy in modern Russia as a factor in the successful development of young people in the socio-philosophical aspect. Currently, effective state policy in the sphere of solving youth problems is not only a factor in the socio-economic stability of the state and regions, but also a guarantor of security in general. Based on the identified works and studies in the formation and implementation of state youth policy, its main directions are highlighted, as well as the fundamental principles that should become a priority in the formation of state youth policy in the coming years with the country
Series Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement
Authors: Parihar Vikramsingh R. , Agarkar Aaditya P. , Kalkonde Kaustubh S. , Raghuwanshi Harshada M. , Fuse Mohini G. , Chaturvedi Dr. Soni A.
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses the theoretical framework and operating principles of the SAPF, including its control strategies based on instantaneous reactive power theory and synchronous reference frame theory. The design criteria for the SAPF components, such as the voltage source inverter, DC link capacitor, and coupling transformer, are also elaborated to ensure optimal performance. Simulation studies using MATLAB/Simulink are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed SAPF under various power quality disturbance scenarios. The results demonstrate that the SAPF effectively compensates for voltage sags, swells, and harmonics, maintaining voltage stability and reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) to within acceptable standards. Additionally, a prototype of the SAPF is developed and tested in a laboratory environment, confirming the simulation results and showcasing the practical feasibility of the solution. The study concludes that the Series Active Power Filter is a robust and versatile solution for power quality improvement in modern electrical distribution systems. Future work may involve exploring hybrid configurations combining series and parallel active filters for comprehensive power quality management and the development of advanced control algorithms for enhanced performance under dynamic load conditions.
On the Issue of Development of the Constitutional Right to Judicial Protection
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russia, Dudko Irina A.
Published: December 2024

The right to judicial protection in Russia in its entirety was enshrined only in the 1993 Constitution. The constitutional consolidation of judicial protection of rights and freedoms marked a new stage in the constitutional development of our country, a departure from the long-prevailing tradition of the priority of the state over the individual. It seems important to trace the evolution of the constitutional design of the right to judicial protection in the Russian Federation and foreign countries.
Of significant interest is the analysis of draft constitutions proposed by various authors and groups of public and scientific figures during the constitutional process of 1990–1993. In Russian constitutional law, undeservedly little attention is paid to the history of the creation of the Russian Constitution and the search for the origins and reasons for the emergence and consolidation of individual institutions at the constitutional level.
The article, based on an analysis of the constitutional texts of foreign constitutions and acts of constitutional legislation, drafts of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and materials of the Constitutional Commission and the Constitutional Conference, makes a conclusion about the consolidation of judicial protection of rights and freedoms as an integral attribute of the rule of law. Despite the long history of establishing judicial protection in individual countries, in Russia this right was fully consolidated much later. The constitutional formulations of the current Constitution reflect almost all the substantive characteristics of this right inherent in democratic constitutions of the modern generation. Certain aspects of the law are interpreted by the Constitutional Court of Russia. At the same time, the Constitution reflects the aspirations of the participants in the constitutional process of the 90s to consolidate effective guarantees of judicial protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, primarily from the arbitrariness of state bodies and officials.
Proving the Actual Employment Relationship
Authors:   North-West Branch, Russian State University of Justice, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kazakova Marina V.
Published: December 2024

The author analyzes the current issues of evidentiary presumption of labor relations: the types of hidden labor relations to which the presumption applies, the specific rules of its application.
The following conclusions are drawn in the work: evidentiary presumption should be applied to all types of hidden labor relations having a single legal nature; specific rules for the application of evidentiary presumption are that the plaintiff provides evidence of the existence of legal relations in the field of labor and their content, and the defendant refutes the fact presumed in this case – the labor nature of the disputes between the parties legal relations.
On the Application of the Constitution of Russia by Courts in Resolving Judicial Disputes in Ca­ses of Bankruptcy of Individuals
Authors:   North Caucasus Branch, Russian State University of Justice, Krasnodar, Russia, Bochkareva Ekaterina A. , Kozhushko Svetlana V.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the implementation of the direct effect of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in resolving disputes arising in connection with the recognition of individuals as bankrupt.
An analysis of the acts of the highest courts has demonstrated the insufficient use of the regulatory potential of the provisions of the Russian Constitution, in connection with which a conclusion was made about the need to expand the judicial application of constitutional provisions when considering this category of disputes. According to the authors, this will contribute to the stability of the legal regulation of the legal relations under consideration and the establishment of uniformity in the law enforcement activities of the judiciary.
Écrits d'histoire de la médecine et des sciences de la vie
Authors: Rey Roselyne
Published: December 2024

Durant sa très courte carrière, Roselyne Rey (1951-1995) a été l'une des historiennes de la médecine et des sciences les plus brillantes de son temps. Cet ouvrage recueille ses principaux articles, devenus introuvables pour la plupart, abordant des sujets aussi innovants et variés que les rapports entre littérature et médecine, entre philosophie et sciences de la vie, l'émergence de la biologie ou de la psychiatrie moderne, gardant toute leur acuité au croisement de l'histoire scientifique et culturelle.
Digitalization of financial systems and cross-border integration: on the issue of creating a currency instrument for the BRICS countries
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Akinina V. P. , Zakharova D. A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The development of digital technologies opens up new opportunities for increasing the efficiency, transparency and accessibility of financial services, and also promotes the deepening of economic cooperation between countries.

The issue is particularly relevant for the BRICS countries, which demonstrate high rates of economic growth and are interested in developing mutually beneficial partnerships.

Goal. The study of theoretical aspects of digitalization of financial systems and crossborder integration in the context of prospects for creating a currency instrument for the BRICS countries.

Materials and methods. The study used the method of analyzing scientific articles, monographs and dissertations on the research topic, collecting and systematizing statistical data, comparing foreign experience in creating supranational currency instruments, the method of modeling and expert assessments. The information base of the study includes scientific articles and publications in scientific journals, dissertations, monographs on the topic of the study, Internet resources, and analytical reviews.

Results and discussion. The experience of creating supranational currency instruments, their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. The analysis showed that the BRICS countries demonstrate significant potential in developing financial cooperation, creating platforms and instruments for mutual settlements, but they face a number of structural problems and challenges. Comparison with the best foreign practices reveals significant potential to improve payment instruments, in particular, to create a blockchain foreign trade settlement system. Such efforts lay the foundation for an alternative financial paradigm, strengthening the position of BRICS in the global economic environment.

Conclusion. The analysis of the current state of the financial systems of the BRICS countries, their level of digitalization and interaction in the financial sector allowed the authors to conclude that there is potential for the formation of an alternative financial system and strengthening the role of BRICS in the global economy.
Business in the new fiscal environment: innovations in taxation in 2025
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Roshchupkina V. V. , Roshchupkin M. V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The second half of 2024 was marked by a large-scale transformation of the tax code. The innovations affected almost every payer: individuals, entrepreneurs using both the simplified taxation system and the basic one. Changes in tax legislation affected both tax rates and the limits of application of special regimes.

Goal. The study aims to analyze the likely consequences of changes in tax legislation: to highlight positive and controversial points for doing business under new conditions.

Materials and methods. The study includes a comparative description of the taxation mechanism from 2009 to 2024. The following methods were used: monographic, statistical grouping, comparative and subject-object analysis.

Results and discussion. According to preliminary data, tax amendments are estimated at 2.6 trillion rubles of additional federal budget revenues in 2025: an increase in the income tax rate of 1.6 trillion rubles, Additional excise tax revenues when introducing an excise tax on nicotine raw materials and tobacco-free nicotine-containing mixtures for heating – 50 billion rubles, an increase in thresholds for STS, as well as recognition of payers using STS VAT payers – 348 billion rubles, the increase in mineral extraction tax rates for diamond and gold mining is estimated by experts at 2.1 billion rubles.

Conclusion. At a meeting of the State Duma in May 2024, it was proposed to improve the tax system. About a hundred amendments have been made to the Tax Code in mid-2024, which will make it possible to implement the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation aimed at changing the conditions for business under the new conditions of modern Russia and the world. The Presidential instructions on which the reform is based are designed for the period until 2030. The reform of the tax system will be gradual, with the very first changes coming into force on January 1, 2025. A tax reform is an initiative that is undertaken solely with the intention of improving the efficiency of the tax system and its administration, as well as with the aim of maximizing economic and social benefits that can be easily achieved through an organized tax system.
The need of persons with disabilities acquired during participation in a special military operation to receive vocational education and professional retraining
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Dargan A. A. , Salnikova O. D. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Military personnel who became disabled as a result of injury, illness or injury found themselves in a situation of need to restore their ability to work in working conditions available to them due to their health status, and to be included in work activities, taking into account their specific psychophysiological features.

Goal. The article is aimed at identifying common and stable characteristics of persons with disabilities acquired during combat operations and special operations in 2022-2024. The article is also aimed at studying the needs of these people for vocational education and professional retraining, taking into account the identified characteristics.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of a questionnaire survey of 23 people who participated in a special military operation and received a disability. The questionnaire survey was conducted in person on a voluntary basis. The research results were processed using statistical methods.

Results and discussion. As the analysis showed, a high level of motivation to work prevails among disabled combatants. It has been established that every third combat disabled person is not ready to change profession, which significantly complicates his opportunities for further employment and successful work.

Conclusion. Creating conditions for organizing vocational education and professional retraining of combat disabled people must be combined with measures of professional and psychological rehabilitation of this category of people, including helping a person understand the need to change his profession and forming value and ideological attitudes that contribute to his activity towards self-realization in the professional sphere.
Teaching mathematics in psychological and pedagogical classes
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev, Keiv M. A. , Zhuravleva N. A. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The staff shortage of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics teachers necessitates the popularization of the pedagogical profession, early identification of pedagogically gifted young people and their pre-professional training at the stage of pre-profile and profile education. The first stage of continuous pedagogical professional education is profile psychological and pedagogical classes (groups).

Goal. Analysis of the existing pedagogical experience of teaching in psychological and pedagogical classes and presentation of prospective forms of organizing mathematics classes.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of works of domestic and foreign teachers, normative documents and methodological recommendations on the organization of training in psychological and pedagogical classes. Methods of mathematical processing of statistical data are used.

Results and discussion. In the course of the work it was found that mathematics education in psychological and pedagogical classes has a number of features: popularization of mathematical knowledge; career-oriented context of mathematics education; professional auditions. In the 2023 / 2024 academic year on the basis of the Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev the project “School of Young Teacher” – a cycle of scientific-cognitive classes – was realized. The article presents prospective forms of organizing mathematics classes for students of psychological and pedagogical classes: a class on the topic “Popular Probability Theory” with elements of the role-playing game “Teacher and Students” and a class on the topic “Graphs” in the form of a pedagogical workshop “How to tell younger students about graphs?”.

Conclusion. According to the results of the conducted research, the conclusion is made about the lack of special methods of teaching in psychological and pedagogical classes of physical and mathematical orientation and the author's experience of organizing mathematics teaching is presented. The results of the admission campaign of 2024 indicate positive dynamics of professional self-determination of students of psychological and pedagogical classes of physical and mathematical orientation.
Analytical solution of the navier-stokes equations for heat and mass transfer processes during the growth of silicon carbide single crystals
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), Altukhov V. I. , Sankin A. V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), Savvin V. S. ,   National Nuclear Research University «Moscow Institute of Engineering and Physics», Institute of Atomic Energy, Sigov A. S. ,   MIREA – Russian University of Technology, Semenov D. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: December 2024

A system of Navier-Stokes equations for the diffusion of gas mixture components is obtained and an approximate analytical solution describing the stationary stage of the silicon carbide single crystal growth process is found. Temperature distributions and concentrations of the mixture components in the growth chamber are obtained. The radial profiles of the crystal growth rate at the initial and final stages of growth are determined. The estimation of the crystal growth rate is consistent with the results of numerical calculations by other authors and the available experimental data. The solutions found can be used in the development of systems for automatic regulation and control of the growth processes of perfect SiC single crystals.
A word of praise by prince Semyon Shahovsky to the Ustyug saints
Authors: Volkov S. A. , Lyapin D. A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University; Belgorod National Research University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to an episode from the life of the Russian writer, poet, theologian of the first half of the 17th century, Prince Semyon Ivanovich Shakhovsky. The authors focus on the events of his stay in the Russian North in the town of Solvychegodsk in 1647-1648. At this time, Shakhovskoy wrote a word of praise to the Ustyug saints Procopius and John.
Materials and Methods. First, the work used a biographical method, with the help of which the events of Shakhovsky’s life and the text of his praise to the Ustyug saints were analyzed. The analysis of the work was based on hermeneutic principles accepted in science. The conclusions were compared with the events of Shakhovsky’s life by induction.
Analysis. The creative heritage of Prince Shakhovsky is rich and varied. The words of praise he wrote to the Ustyug saints are rarely considered among his creations. Indeed, the surviving handwritten book indicates that the test was “copied” by Shakhovsky. However, we have reason to believe that the writer’s involvement in the text was more significant. His conversion to the lives of local saints was due to personal problems. In 1646 Shakhovskoy fell into disgrace and was sentenced to deportation from Moscow to Yakutsk. He stayed temporarily in Solvychegodsk. A popular riot broke out in this place on June 22, 1648. Saving a Moscow official from the wrath of the crowd, the prince risked his life.
Results. So, Shakhovskoy, in a difficult life situation, turned to the instructions of the Ustyug saints and set about creating a special word of praise for them. The first publication of this text is offered as an appendix to the article. The degree of Shakhovsky’s authorship requires a new study with reference to textual analysis.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF HORMONAL DRUGS ON INDICATORS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ABILITY OF FEMALES
Authors: Vintoniv Olga
Published: December 2024

The article provides information on the study of the degree of implementation ofindicators of reproductive capacity with the use of various hormonal drugs, researchand control groups of female rabbits of the California and silver breeds were formed(n=150) and the indicators of reproductive ability of female rabbits were investigatedaccording to the research scheme.The study of the effect of hormonal treatment on indicators of the reproductivecapacity of female rabbits was carried out in the conditions of an industrial-type rabbitfarm of the Cherkasy Research Station of Biological Resources of the NationalAcademy of Sciences using hormonal preparations for synchronizing sexual drive"Foligon" and "Sergon 500", which were administered intramuscularly 72 hoursbefore artificial insemination in dosage 40 and 50 IU per 1 female rabbit, respectively,and the drug "Surfagon" to activate the ovulation process in a dosage of 0.2 mlimmediately after insemination. The female rabbits of the control group wereadditionally injected with the drug "Surfagon" after insemination by natural means toincrease reproductive capacity. The results of the study of the effect of hormonal drugson the indicators of the reproductive capacity of female rabbits of the California breedindicate the superiority of the experimental groups over the control by 10.9-14.8% interms of the number of offspring obtained.The use of the ultrasound scanner "ULTRA SKAN 45" provided by PRATC NPO"Progress" made it possible to conduct an ultrasound study of the number of fetuses infemale rabbits on the 20th day after insemination. According to the obtained data, theaverage indicator of the number of fruits was in the range of 8.7-10.8 fruits. Whencomparing the average values of this indicator, a probable predominance of femalerabbits of groups D1 and D2 over the control was established (р<0.05...0.001). Theresults of breeding testified that for female rabbits of the California breed, higherindicators of multifertility were recorded for female rabbits of group D2 - 9.6 goals,minimum - 7.31 in female rabbits of group K (р<0.001). For females of group D1, thecorresponding indicator was registered at the mark - 8.0 goals.