bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumo de productos ultraprocesados y panificados en niños y niñas que concurren a comedores comunitarios en un Partido del Conurbano
Authors: Das Neves Paula , Paleo Mariela , Chiormi María Laura , Acosta Sero Ommi
Published: December 2024

Introducción: la obesidad y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles han aumentado su prevalencia en toda América Latina, a niveles preocupantes, incluso en la población infantil. El desplazamiento de los patrones alimentarios basados en el consumo de alimentos sin procesar o mínimamente procesados, por los productos ultraprocesados (PUP) se replicaría en niños y niñas que concurren a comedores comunitarios. Objetivo: describir el consumo de PUP y panificados y analizar la relación del consumo de PUP con características del hogar y edad en niños y niñas que concurren a comedores comunitarios en el Partido de Almirante Brown. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio con diseño observacional, transversal, retrospectivo y analítico. A través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional, se incluyeron 158 niños y niñas de 2 a 12 años con sus padres, madres o tutores, que concurren a 20 comedores. Los datos se relevaron a través de un cuestionario sociodemográfico y un recordatorio de 24 hs. Se determinó la contribución a la dieta diaria de los grupos de alimentos y bebidas según la clasificación NOVA y de panificados y galletitas. Resultados: Los PUP, procesados, alimentos frescos e ingredientes culinarios aportaron el 31%, 14%, 26% y 11,5% respectivamente a la ingesta calórica total. Los PUP consumidos en mayor proporción fueron las bebidas azucaradas y las galletitas dulces. Los alimentos frescos eran provistos principalmente por el comedor, aunque con una escasa variedad. No se hallaron diferencias entre el porcentaje de ingesta de PUP según la cantidad de miembros del hogar menores de 18 años (p=0,331), la edad (0,871) y el tipo de hogar (p=0,873). Conclusión: los alimentos y bebidas consumidos eran provistos principalmente por programas sociales. Se requiere profundizar en la implementación y el cumplimiento de marcos normativos para garantizar una adecuada calidad nutricional en las prestaciones de dichos programas.
Tendencias en el perfil de morbimortalidad en dos países del cono sur: un análisis de la última década
Authors: Scruzzi Graciela Fabiana , Román María Dolores , Villafañe Hugo , Viscardi Sharon , Carreño Paula , Tronca María Gabriela
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Los cambios en los patrones de morbimortalidad que reflejan las características demográficas, estilos de vida y hábitos alimentarios de una población se encuentran interrelacionados, pero no se dan de manera homogénea en los países de América Latina, en particular Chile y Argentina (1-3). 
Material y Métodos: Estudio ecológico de series temporales (24 unidades geográficas de Argentina y 16 de Chile). Se caracterizaron las tendencias de morbimortalidad a partir de indicadores de años potenciales de vida perdidos (APVP) según causa, prevalencias de hipertensión arterial (HTA), dislipemia, diabetes tipo 2 (DBT) y obesidad (OB). Se empleó como fuente de datos reportes oficiales y anuarios estadísticos de los Ministerios de Salud nacionales disponibles (4-7). Para el análisis de los datos se estimaron medidas resumen a nivel nacional por cada variable en cuatro periodos (2005, 2009, 2013 y 2018), posteriormente se realizó diferencia de medias nacionales entre países (prueba T de Student, o rangos con signo de Wilcoxon) y en cada país entre los años extremos (2005 y 2018), (prueba T de Student apareada).  
Resultados: Argentina se caracterizó por una mayor carga de APVP por causas externas, seguida por tumores, circulatorias e infecciosas en orden decreciente para todo el período; en tanto que en Chile se observó una disminución de APVP por causas externas, pasando tumores a primer lugar en 2013 y 2018. Argentina presentó valores superiores a Chile en todos los años para APVP por causas infecciosas, mientras que Chile para causas circulatorias y tumores. Ambos países mostraron una tendencia decreciente en los APVP por todas las causas, a excepción de tumores en Chile. En cuanto a la prevalencia de las patologías seleccionadas, se destaca que ambos países muestran una tendencia creciente de obesidad y diabetes, asimismo Chile presenta incremento de dislipemia y descenso de hipertensión arterial.
Conclusiones: Se observa una mejora en indicadores de mortalidad, con un aumento en la carga de morbilidad, consolidando en ambos países estadios avanzados de transición, aunque con características particulares que los diferencian. Conocer estas tendencias ofrecen insights cruciales para la formulación de políticas de salud pública adaptadas a las particularidades de cada país, contribuyendo así a mejorar la calidad de vida de la población.
Hábitos alimentarios y estado nutricional en adultos con diabetes tipo 2 en Misiones-Argentina. Estudio de casos.
Authors: Orlando Florencia , Viudes Sergio Gabriel
Published: December 2024

En función de la carencia de antecedentes que analicen desde un enfoque integral lo alimentario-nutricional, vinculado a lo socio-cultural en personas con diabetes tipo 2 (DM2) en la provincia de Misiones, el estudio tuvo por objetivo describir y analizar loshábitos alimentarios y su relación con el estado nutricional en personas de 30 a 70 años con diagnóstico de DM2.Se realizó un estudio descriptivo mixto, de muestreo intencional. Las personas con DM2 fueron contactadas a través de profesionales de la salud que se desempeñan en el subsector público, en localidades de cuatro de las seis zonas sanitarias que dividen la provincia y resultan representativas de la diversidad socio-cultural y demográfica, y que aceptaron participar con firma del consentimiento informado por escrito. Se realizaron encuentros cara a cara con las personas con DM2 en su domicilio, toma demedidas antropométricas, cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo (CFC), entrevista semiestructurada grabada en base a tópicos según objetivo del estudio (datos biográficos, nivel socio-económico, educativo, patología, tratamientos; selección de alimentos, preparación, consumo estacionalidad, distribución -buscando indagar en los porqués de tales elecciones).La muestra se compuso por 19 personas con DM2, edad promedio de 53 años. Con relación al nivel de educativo, el 44% no había completado el ciclo inicial o medio, el 33% había completado el inicial, y solo el 17% el medio. Sólo el 11% de las personas poseía normo peso, mientras que el resto presentaba sobrepeso (42%) y la mayor parte de la muestra obesidad en diferentes grados (47%). Los resultados del procesamiento del CFC permitieron identificar tres perfiles de alimentación. Moderno, asociado a zonas urbanas; tradicional, asociado a zonas rurales; y mixto, asociado a zonas peri-urbanas: Las condiciones que definen comida a partir de preparaciones sabrosas, saciantes, energético proteicas y cocidas, determinan estados nutricionales en desmedro del control metabólico de las personas adultas con DM2 en la provincia de Misiones. Así, las cantidades de calorías, las combinaciones realizadas y los métodos de elaboración generan preparaciones con elevada carga glucémica. A su vez, se observa baja frecuencia de ingesta de alimentos que favorecerían niveles glucémicos protectores en ambos sexos (alimentos enteros de origen vegetal, principalmente).
Advanced practice nursing in Portugal – Where do we stand?
Authors: Fonseca Nunes Patrícia , Almeida Armando , Tavares Márcio , Gomes Luís , Soares Hélia
Published: December 2024

Background: Portugal's health workforce has been described as an inefficient mix of resources, impacting productivity and access to health services. To address these issues, stakeholders have advocated for Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) to strengthen the nursing role and improve service delivery. Aim: To analyze the relevance, pertinence, feasibility, and main barriers and facilitators of APN implementation in Portugal. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in the CINAHL, MEDLINE Complete, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases for peer-reviewed articles in English and Portuguese, published after 2000, on human resource configurations in health and nursing role expansion in Portugal. A review of grey literature further complemented the research. Results: A total of 59 studies (43 international, 16 national), 31 technical reports (17 international, 14 national), seven press articles, and two theses were screened. Findings were grouped into themes of APN conceptualization, regulation, barriers and facilitators, and funding. APN implementation depends on a consensus regarding APN conceptualization, regulation, and scope of practice. Key barriers include medical opposition, limited political commitment, and lack of comprehensive data on APNs' social and financial impact in Portugal. Conclusions: The implementation of Advanced Practice Nursing in Portugal is relevant and necessary, though its feasibility depends on strong leadership, political commitment, and consensus among stakeholders. Further research is essential to assess APNs' social and economic impacts within the Portuguese healthcare system.
Leveraging The Pedagogical Nexus in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Professional Development
Authors: michelle.bedeker  , Aidana  , Ospanbek Assylzhan , Nurly  , Sulushash
Published: December 2024

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is widely implemented to enhance language proficiency and subject knowledge. However, many professional development (PD) programmes fail to address local educators' cultural insights and pedagogical expertise, creating a disconnect between policy and classroom practice. In contexts like Kazakhstan, these top-down approaches risk marginalising teachers’ voices and imposing methods that may clash with local teaching beliefs. Our paper advocates for a culturally sensitive responsive CLIL PD model, emphasising how a pedagogical nexus and Systemic Functional Linguistics can bridge the gap between policy and practice. We report on a 45-hour PD program designed to deepen biology teachers' understanding of language as a semiotic resource. Analysis of reflections, observations, and focus group interviews reveals that the PD expanded teachers' knowledge of the biology register and genres, contributing to reimagining their CLIL pedagogical strategies and classroom practices. These findings highlight a path for more inclusive, context-sensitive PD that respects diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds, potentially transforming CLIL implementation and pedagogy.
“It's like all of my senses and my body become more awakened”: Autistic adult’s experiences of attending live music
Authors: Herbert Gemma , Smith Abbie , MacLennan Keren
Published: December 2024

Background: Up to 94% of Autistic people have sensory responsivity differences, leading to both distressing and highly pleasurable sensory experiences. Despite the importance of live music in fostering social inclusion, many venues are not sensory-inclusive, creating barriers for Autistic people. Given the challenges Autistic people face in accessing live music events, our study aimed to explore their experiences to improve inclusivity, using a critical realism epistemological approach.Methods: We conducted a qualitative study with 16 Autistic adults aged 21–52 through online focus groups, allowing for spoken or typed communication. Alternative participation methods, including individual interviews and email exchanges, were offered. Each focus group lasted one hour, and we analysed the data using reflexive thematic analysis, following good practice guidelines.Results: We developed four main themes and two subthemes: 1) “This is a military operation” – Planning to manage uncertainty and overwhelm; 2) “Hating a crowd and loving a crowd at the same time” – Social connection within crowds; 3) The duality of an intense sensory environment; 3a) “The music, the vibrations bring out the colours… in my mind” – Immersive sensory joy; 3b) “My brain is screaming at me” – Sensory overload; 4) “I think the biggest difference, always, is the staff” – Combating stigma and creating safe spaces.Conclusions: Our study highlights the positive and negative aspects of live music for Autistic people, offering actionable recommendations for inclusivity. Key suggestions include providing advance information, ear plugs/quiet spaces, minimising crowd exposure, and ensuring staff are trained to support Autistic attendees. These measures can help create accessible, enjoyable live music experiences, fostering social connections and reducing isolation for Autistic people.
The impact of destination image on tourists' return intention and social word-of-mouth behavior towards the destination travel to Nha Trang
Authors: Viên Trần Thị Xuân , Giao Ha Nam Khanh , Thành Tạ Văn
Published: December 2024

To evaluate the impact of destination image on visitors' intention to return and social word-of-mouth contribution behavior towards Nha Trang tourism destination, the authors conducted the above research Using expert interviews, target group discussions, and quantitative PLS - SEM structural modeling methods. Research results show that destination image directly and in the same direction affects tourist satisfaction, satisfaction directly and in the same direction affects visitors' intention to return, satisfaction affects social word-of-mouth, and social word-of-mouth positively influences return intention. From the research results, the authors propose management implications (1) to build the image of Nha Trang destination in a modern - civilized - friendly direction, (2) to increase satisfaction and intention to return. Social word-of-mouth among visitors can be improved by improving tourism infrastructure and service quality, strengthening environmental protection, and developing sustainable tourism. At the same time, the Nha Trang tourist destination should be promoted through modern media and social networks.
University Students’ Attitude Toward AI: A Validation of the AI Attitude Scale (AIAS-4) in a Large Norwegian Student Sample
Authors: Møgelvang Anja , Grassini Simone
Published: December 2024

Identifying valid and reliable instruments measuring attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence (AI) and examining potential attitudinal gaps are becoming increasingly important as they may inform ethical and appropriate development, adoption, and regulation of AI technologies. In this cross-sectional study, we validated the AI Attitude Scale (AIAS-4) in a large sample of Norwegian university students (n=2329). Using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s Omega, we found the AIAS-4 to be both valid and reliable. Further, through multiple regression analysis, we identified the students’ gender, age, and study discipline to be significant predictors of positive attitudes toward AI technology in our sample. Men were more positive than women and students between 21 and 25 were more positive than students under 21 and students over 25 years. Also, as a novel discovery, we found that the students from the faculty of engineering and natural sciences were more positive than students from the faculty of health sciences and from the faculty of teacher education, culture, and sports, but not significantly more positive than students from the faculty of economics and social sciences. Our findings are discussed in light of previous research and contribute new knowledge to the field of AI in higher education.
Short-Term Mobility and Changes in Political Norms
Authors: Jaziri-Arjona Tarek , Valentim Vicente
Published: December 2024

The interdependence of contemporary societies has promoted unprecedented flows of people, goods, and ideas. We argue that this interconnectedness can also change political norms, i.e., perceptions of what political views are acceptable. Empirically, we take advantage of two close elections in Spain (April and November 2019). In April, the radical-right party Vox first became electorally successful. The two elections are separated by summer, a period of high internal mobility. Leveraging data on mobility across Spanish provinces, we show that the more mobility there is between two regions, the more similar their political norms become after the summer. To deal with endogeneity issues, we also run models where we instrument for mobility with gas prices and distance between provinces. Survey data and additional analyses of Christmastime mobility pay further support to the argument. These findings highlight that political norms are contingent on the set of individuals that one interacts with.
Political Exit: The Unintended Effects of Electoral Rules
Authors: KAREKURVE-RAMACHANDRA VARUN , Singh Sudhir , Stommes Drew
Published: December 2024

What are the unintended consequences of electoral rules on candidate re-entry into politics? We examine the downstream impact of electoral rules that punish candidates for poor performance on electoral re-entry. Candidates contesting for elected office in India must submit a monetary deposit to the electoral authority which they forfeit if they fail to secure less than one-sixth of the total votes cast in the race. We use the discontinuity created by this \textit{deposit rule} to study the causal effect of costly procedural rules on the decision to re-contest in subsequent elections. We find that such institutions disproportionately deter women from re-running for election compared to men. Additionally, we observe that these effects are particularly pronounced for women contesting on smaller regional party tickets, indicating potential party-level discrimination against women candidates.
Next-Gen Dynamic and Deal-Based Pricing Strategy in Automotive and Financial Services
Authors: Hota Ashish
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the evolution of AI-driven pricing strategies in the automotive and financial services sectors, focusing on dynamic and deal-based pricing models that adapt in real time to shifts in consumer behavior, supply chain limitations, and market fluctuations. We examine how advanced machine learning techniques, including deep learning and reinforcement learning, enable predictive and adaptive pricing solutions that drive customer loyalty, revenue optimization, and transparency. Explainable AI also features prominently, offering transparency to consumers and regulators alike.
Perceived downward mobility increases status anxiety and reduces subjective wellbeing
Authors: Melita Davide , Gobel Matthias S , Matamoros-Lima Juan , Rodriguez-Bailon Rosa , Willis Guillermo B.
Published: December 2024

Millennials could be the first generation to do worse than their parents. However, while previous research focused on upward mobility, the psychological effects of downward mobility are still unexplored. In this research, two cross-sectional and two experimental studies (Total N = 2820) were run to investigate the effects of perceived upward and downward on status anxiety and well-being in Spain and United States. In both experimental studies, participants’ chances to change their position in a fictional society varied among conditions, and participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: high downward mobility, low mobility, or high upward mobility. Results from both cross-sectional and experimental studies consistently support evidence that downward mobility beliefs increase status anxiety, and that status anxiety mediates several negative outcomes on well-being. On the other hand, upward mobility beliefs were found to decrease status anxiety and exert a positive indirect effect on wellbeing only in US experimental study, while these effects were found to be inconsistent across the remaining studies. We obtained evidence about the negative effect of downward beliefs on life satisfaction through status anxiety, and partial evidence of an opposing effect of upward mobility beliefs.
Project EMPOWER: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Web-Based Single Session Intervention for Child Anxiety Among Financially Insecure Parents
Authors: Sung Jenna , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: December 2024

Background: Despite advancements in the treatment and implementation of evidence-based child anxiety interventions, up to 80% of anxious youth, especially those experiencing financial insecurity, never access care. Single session interventions (SSIs) offer a promising path toward increasing accessible, rapidly scalable interventions, given their clinical utility, potential for disseminability, and low cost. However, existing trials of child anxiety interventions have historically recruited socioeconomically homogeneous families (e.g. well-educated, affluent)—leaving their applicability to this high need and underserved population largely unknown. There is an urgent need to understand whether anxiety interventions designed for accessibility are effective for and acceptable to financially insecure families. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of Project EMPOWER, an evidence-based SSI designed to help reduce parental accommodation —a parenting behavior identified as a strong risk factor for anxiety in offspring — in financially insecure families. Methods: 101 parents endorsing financial insecurity with an anxious child aged 4-10 were recruited via CloudResearch. Parents self-reported on outcome measures and were randomized to an online, self-guided Project EMPOWER, or an informational control. All methods, hypothesis, and analytical plans were pre-registered on clincialtrials.gov (NCT05990322). Results. Relative to the control condition (N = 50), parents who received Project EMPOWER (N = 51) reported significant reductions in child’s anxiety (ds = 0.60, p = .02), and significant decreases in accommodation (ds= 0.87, p = .02) at 4-week follow-up. Parents who completed Project EMPOWER rated it as highly acceptable (M = 4.57 out of 5, SD = 0.47) and feasible (96.08% were full completers). Conclusions. Results support the effectiveness and feasibility of an online, self-guided SSIs for economically insecure families they are designed to help.
How Does Collective Self-esteem Influence Confrontational Behaviors and Emotional Responses in Human-AI Competition?
Authors: Zhao Danqin , Zhu Lei
Published: December 2024

When competing against computer agents, humans exhibited reduced arousal, engagement, threat perception and aggressive thoughts. Thus, how can we enhance individuals’ confrontation during human-AI competition? To answer this question, we manipulated the collective self-esteem (high vs. low collective self-esteem group) by a minimal ingroup paradigm and tested its effect on the individuals’ confrontational behaviors and emotional responses during human-AI competition in a five-in-a-row game. The facial expressions of participants were recorded simultaneously during the game. The participants’ confrontational behaviors were indexed by the frequency and positions of participants’ different moves during the game, while their emotional responses were indexed by the ratings and facial expressions. It is revealed that the high collective self-esteem group not only had more confrontation behaviors against AIs, but also gave higher anxiety ratings and showed sadder and more delighted facial expressions. These findings offer valuable insights for the design of human-AI interaction systems and contribute to resolving previous contradictions regarding the relationship between collective self-esteem and emotions.
SiExo: An AI-Driven Exosome Platform for Precision siRNA Delivery in CNS Disorders
Authors: Basanth Samarth
Published: December 2024

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases, affect over 50 million people worldwide, posing immense clinical and societal challenges. A major hurdle in treating these disorders is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts over 98% of therapeutic agents from reaching the brain. This study presents SiExo, an AI-driven platform designed to optimize siRNA-loaded exosomes for targeted CNS gene therapy. By integrating convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and reinforcement learning, SiExo refines exosome properties, including lipid composition, ligand density, and siRNA encapsulation efficiency, to enhance BBB penetration and neuron-specific delivery. The platform employs molecular dynamics simulations to ensure siRNA stability and interaction accuracy, achieving a binding free energy of -25 kcal/mol. Utilizing transferrin and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) ligands, SiExo increases BBB permeability by 3.5-fold and siRNA loading efficiency by 2.8-fold compared to traditional methods. In Huntington’s disease models, it demonstrated a 62% reduction in mutant HTT mRNA expression, highlighting its efficacy. SiExo’s scalable and adaptable design supports applications across diverse CNS disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, offering a breakthrough in precision-targeted therapies. Future work will include in vivo validation and clinical translation, focusing on scalability and therapeutic impact in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. This research exemplifies the potential of AI to revolutionize CNS drug delivery, overcoming critical barriers and improving patient outcomes.
Customizing Teacher Professional Learning: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: White Mark
Published: December 2024

Schools face the important challenge of supporting teacher improvement. This necessitates providing teachers with learning opportunities that are specifically linked to their professional learning needs. All too often, however, teachers experience irrelevant learning opportunities that are disconnected from their practice. This paper reports on a multi-year effort to design an approach to writing survey items that allows teachers to self-report on their learning needs within different domains of practice. We first tried typical survey items, which state the domain of practice and ask teachers to report on their learning needs within that domain. The resulting data suggested that teachers struggled to differentially report on their learning needs across domains. Hypothesizing that this difficulty resulted from challenges in mapping their experience of needs to the domains of practice in the survey items, we created scenario-based items that described common classroom problems. Consistent with our hypothesis, teachers reported that the scenario-based items facilitated self-reflection on their learning needs while data showed that teachers differentiated between their learning needs across domains. I discuss how schools and school systems could use such scenario-based items to connect teachers with professional learning opportunities that address their learning needs.
Effects of Meter Complexity and Sound Intensity of the Vigor of Synchronous Walking
Authors: Shay Gregory Dean
Published: December 2024

Much research has focused on identifying the qualities and conditions of music that evoke the sensation of “groove”— the pleasurable human urge to move in time to music. However, aside from this and a prior companion study, no investigations have explored the potential groove effect of simple metronome meter-rhythms on repetitive physical activities, including that of walking. Additionally, while a few studies have examined the effect of music sound intensity during walking, auditory stimuli have not been compared with the silent walking condition at equivalent cadence. In Shay (2023a), a range of “basic meters” varying in monotonicity and complexity were created using an accenting metronome, that placed a different tonal accent on the first beat of each repeating measure created. Quadruple meter with a corresponding 4/4 time signature elicited the longest synchronous step lengths and proportionately fastest walking speeds. Additionally, the stimulation of music a metronome was found to increase linearly with increasing sound intensity (Shay, 2022b). With the same participant and test track at a confirmed synchronous walking tempo of 120 bpm, the current investigation aimed to validate and expand upon previous findings by introducing another level of metronome meter complexity (basic quadruple meter with secondary third-beat accenting) in an integrated design across a wider range of sound intensity — 59 dB (faint) to 87 dB (moderately loud). The order of increasing participant vigor elicited by the four stimulus conditions studied was: nearly monotonic basic 10/4 metronome meter < basic 4/4 metronome meter < secondary accented 4/4 metronome meter < familiar–enjoyable 4/4 single-genre music. This sequence represents the order of decreasing meter monotonicity and increasing meter-rhythm complexity overall. Over the intensity range studied, walking speed increased similarly (approximately 11%) with increasing intensity for all stimuli, suggesting that intensity serves as a modulator of the auditory stimulus. At higher intensities, all conditions of music and metronome meter produced more walking speed than the 120 spm silent walking condition. These results align with prior findings, demonstrating that at equivalent sound intensities and synchronous walking tempos, reducing the monotonicity of the meter or increasing the complexity of the meter-rhythm progressively enhances sensorimotor stimulation. Furthermore, sound intensity modulates the level of the stimulus vigor produced. These findings have practical implications for walkers, runners, and other repetitive exercise and sports domain activities. Additionally, they provide insights into the auditory coupling with the human motor system and may hold potential for applications in cued-rehabilitation of human gait disorders.
Unmasking the Role of External and Internal Shame in Eating Disorders
Authors: Keane Olivia , Fino Emanuele , Armour Cherie
Published: December 2024

Objective: Feelings of shame can play a role in the development and maintenance of mental disorders. However, the role and measurement of shame in relation to eating disorders remain poorly understood. The current work presents the adaptation of a measure of external and internal shame in relation to eating disorders (EISS-ED) based on an integrative perspective that leverages the strengths of the biopsychosocial model and shame-pride cycle framework. Specifically, the EISS-ED accounts for how individuals believe they are perceived by others (external shame) and how they perceive themselves (internal shame), in relation to eating. Method: The study used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the EISS-ED (N = 478). Spearman’s correlations and Receiving Operator Characteristic curves were used for validity testing. Results: The results supported the two-factor structure (including 14 items) of the EISS-ED and its factorial invariance by clinical history and gender. Concurrent validity analyses showed positive correlations between external and internal shame and eating disorder symptoms, negative affect, and detachment. Both external and internal shame measures provided fair classification accuracy of participants based on self-reported history of clinical assessment or treatment for eating disorders. Discussion: These findings improve the understanding of the role of shame in eating disorders and offer evidence on a valid assessment that can aid in identifying, measuring, and addressing this important construct, supporting targeted interventions.
Sustainable behavior in nature-based physical activity – exploration of a complex construct
Authors: Lohmann Julia , Nigg Carina
Published: December 2024

Nature-based physical activity (PA) is beneficial for health, but also related to unsustainable consumption practices and adverse effects for the environment. Scales to measure sustainable behavior in PA settings don’t exist. This study piloted a multidimensional measure to evaluate socially and ecologically responsible behavior propensity in the context of nature-based PA. We developed a multidimensional scale to assess this construct related to consumption and engagement behaviors, and explored its construct and criterion validity using confirmatory and exploratory analyses. The scale consists of seven factors relating to consumption behavior, including responsible clothing purchase, secondhand clothing purchase, clothing purchase necessity, travel mode choice, compensation, and sharing; and two factors relating to engagement, i. e., social engagement and ecological engagement. Structural equation models based on the theory of planned behavior largely supported criterion validity of the new scale. Based on our results, we make suggestions how the scale can be further developed.
Modeling Memories, Predicting Prospections: Automated Scoring of Autobiographical Detail Narration using Large Language Models
Authors: Klus Jonas , Cohen Danny Eric , Garcia Alexis N. , Mehl Matthias R. , Andrews-Hanna Jessica R. , Grilli Matthew D.
Published: December 2024

The Autobiographical Interview is a widely used tool for examining memory and related cognitive functions. It provides a standardized framework to differentiate between internal details, representing the episodic features of specific events, and external details, including semantic knowledge and other non-episodic information. This study introduces an automated scoring model for autobiographical memory and future thinking tasks, using large language models (LLMs) that can analyze personal event narratives without preprocessing. Building on the traditional Autobiographical Interview protocol, we fine-tuned a LLaMA-3 model to identify internal and external details at a narrative level. The model was trained and tested on narratives from 284 participants across three studies, spanning past and future thinking tasks, multiple age groups, and collected in lab and virtual interviews. Results demonstrate strong correlations with human scores of up to r = 0.87 on internal and up to r = 0.84 on external details, indicating the model aligns as closely with human raters as they do with each other. Additionally, as evidence of the algorithm’s construct validity, the model replicated known age-related trends that cognitively normal older adults generate fewer internal and more external details than younger adults across three datasets, finding this age group difference even in one dataset where human raters did not. This automated approach offers a scalable alternative to manual scoring, making large-scale studies of human autobiographical memory more feasible.
The effect of sled towing or speed cord towing exercises on speed of riau pplm athletes
Authors: Agus Sulastio  , Syahriadi  , Ahmad Syukur Sitepu
Published: December 2024

Based on observations in the field, the symptoms of sprinting are found when running speed, lowering feet and soles of the feet against soil contact is not optimal, step speed and step length are still slow and not maximal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Sled Towing Exercise or Speed Cord Towing for the speed of PPLM Riau athlete. In this study, researchers took a population of 21 people. The sample in this study used a total sampling technique, where all populations were sampled. Data obtained from a 40-yard speed test category. Data were analyzed using the t-test. Based on the research that conducted on the sample by doing pre-test (initial test) by running in 40 yards, then proceed with treatment (Sled Towing or Speed Cord Towing) for 16 meetings. After that, it was post-tested (40-yard run), the results obtained from the pretest and posttest were analyzed by t-test. Hypothesis testing results show that the result of t-count is 7.364 with t-table 1.725 then H0 is rejected; Ha is accepted, at the alpha level (α) 0.05. It can be concluded that there is an effect of Sled Towing or Speed Cord Towing training on the speed of Riau PPLM athletes.
Insights from the Moguls of Media Capitalism – A Review Essay
Authors: Klikauer Thomas
Published: December 2024

In printed media, not only do newspapers play a key role but also its editors and, perhaps even more so, the owners of these newspapers. Those are the ones who Beecher calls media moguls. Among the handful of newspaper proprietors, Rupert Murdoch is not only the most infamous but also the most notorious. Beecher, who was once an editor for Murdoch, delivers an inside view of the internal affairs of Murdoch’s news empire. This includes not only Murdoch’s activities in the UK and Australia, but also in the USA. In the USA, for example, Fox has become a propaganda apparatus for Trump. Yet, long before Trump moved from being a sleazy TV host into politics and having received the support of Murdoch, Murdoch’s far right influence into politics were felt most sharply in Murdoch’s home country of Australia as well as the UK. Murdoch’s phone hacking, his relentless and tremendous support for UK Tories and Brexit are examples that explain the power triangle between Murdoch’s media, voters, and politics. Murdoch has created something that might best be called the Iron Triangle of Media Capitalism. How this works is explained here.Eric Beecher. 2024. The Men Who Killed the News, Melbourne, Simon & Schuster, ISBN: 9781761428043, $ 16.99 (eBook), pp. 416 (pbk.), pp. 901 (eBook), notes and index.
Penerapan Sistem Penjadwalan Dengan Metode SPT (Short Processing Time) Dan EDD (Earliest Due Date) Dalam Mengefisiekan Biaya Operasional Dan Sumber Daya Pada Perusahaan PT. Mathar Telekomunikasi Indonesia
Authors: Wasito Wasito , Budiman Dewinda Almira Noor , Juniarti Atty Tri , Sarman Rohmat
Published: December 2024

This research aims to implement a more efficient scheduling system using the SPT (Short Processing Time) and EDD (Earliest Due Date) methods at PT. Mathar Telekomunikasi Indonesia. Currently, the company still uses the FCFS (First Come First Served) method, where work is prioritized based on the order of arrival without considering the due date. As a result, delays in scheduling occur, leading to increased operational costs and less efficient use of resources.To address this issue, the researcher proposes the implementation of the SPT method, where jobs with shorter production times are completed first, and the EDD method, where jobs with earlier due dates are prioritized. It is expected that the implementation of these two methods will streamline operational costs and resources. Scheduling that occurs in the company PT. Mathar Telekomunikasi Indonesia is still experiencing delays due to constraints that occur in the scheduling process, problems that occur include damage to machines, resources that are still less effective and efficient. For now, the company still uses the FCFS (First Come First Served) method, in which work is prioritized regardless of the due date. Delays in scheduling have an effect on swollen operational costs and less efficient resources at work. The researcher proposes that companies use the priority rule method, namely SPT (Short Processing Time) where the shorter production time is done first, then the second method, namely the EDD (Earliest Due Date) method, the production process with a faster maturity is prioritized by the researcher. hopes to streamline operational costs and resources.The results of the research that has been carried out show that the average completion time for the SPT and EDD methods is a difference of 3 days where the SPT method is greater than the EDD, the utility results for both methods are 0%, the average amount of work is 0 where the EDD method is greater from the SPT method, the result of the delay from the two methods is 2 days. The operational cost that is a problem is the cost of fines on projects the company is working on must spend Rp. 134,516,831. The problematic resources in the company are work discipline, work productivity, work competence, and leadership
Evaluasi Kualitas Sistem Informasi Akademik dengan Standar ISO/IEC 25010 (Studi Kasus: Universitas ABC)
Authors: Laudza Nafal Adi Syamaidzar , Sofyan Herry
Published: December 2024

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas sistem informasi akademik di Universitas ABC berdasarkan standar ISO/IEC 25010.Perancangan/metode/pendekatan: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pengujian yang terstruktur sesuai dengan kriteria-kriteria yang terdapat dalam ISO/IEC 25010.Hasil: Pengujian menggunakan standar ISO/IEC 25010 menunjukan bahwa tujuh dari delapan standar yaitu: (a) functional suitability berjalan 100% dengan nilai satu; (b) performance efficiency mendapatkan grade B; (c) compatibility mendapat skor 100%; (d) usability dengan skor rata-rata 78.6%; (e) reliability dengan skor 100%; (f) maintainability memenuhi aspek identifikasi Land; dan (g) portability memperoleh skor 100% telah memenuhi standar, sedangkan security pada level dua (medium) belum memenuhi standar ISO/IEC 25010.Keaslian/ state of the art: Penggunaan seluruh standar ISO/IEC 25010 memberikan analisis yang lebih luas dan komprehensif dalam melakukan evaluasi kualitas sistem informasi akademik di Universitas ABC. Menggunakan metode observasi dan pengujian langsung dengan berbagai alat pengujian memberikan informasi yang objektif dengan kondisi sistem yang sebenarnya.
INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE OF FUTURE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION SPECIALISTS AS A COMPONENT OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Tkachuk Stanislav
Published: December 2024

The article examines the role of industrial practice as an important component of professional training of future specialists in vocational education. Industrial practice is considered a key stage that contributes to the formation of professional competence of higher education students, the development of their practical skills and professional qualities. It is necessary for successful work in vocational education institutions.The purpose of the article is to outline ways and means of improving and optimizing the production practice of future vocational education specialists, to substantiate the conditions for increasing its efficiency for training specialists who are able to fully realize their creative potential in a specific professional activity and quickly adapt to the latest production tools and technologies.Student practice is an integral part of the process of training specialists. It involves a sequence of implementation and is aimed at consolidating and improving general and professional competencies obtained by higher education applicants during their studies, acquiring and improving practical skills and abilities in the relevant specialty or educational program. The author analyzes modern approaches to the organization of industrial practice, identifies its main functions and stages. Methods and strategies that increase the effectiveness of practice are substantiated, and its impact on the professional development of higher education students is also shown. The application of the results of this study in the educational process will contribute to improving the quality of training of future specialists, their competitiveness in the labor market, and successful adaptation to production conditions.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, DISIPLIN, DAN KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION PADA PT. INDONESIA MULTI COLOUR PRINTING (IMCP)
Authors: Septiani Risma , Kusuma Kumara Adji , Andriani Dewi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Pada pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer, yaitu melalui kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampling nonprobability. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel incidental / accidental sampling yaitu seseorang yang bertemu dengan peneliti secara kebetulan atau tidak sengaja dapat dianggap sebagai sampel jika dianggap sesuai sebagai sumber data. Populasi yang digunkan untuk penelitian ini yaitu semua 600 orang yang ada di PT. Indonesia Multi Colour Printing (IMCP). Dengan menggunakan rumus oleh Yamane dan Isaac dan Michael dapat digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah sampel yang diambil dari populasi peneliti Sehingga, jumlah sampel sebanyak 86 orang. Alat analisis yang digunakan  dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linier berganda, uji asumsi klasik, uji t, uji R, uji R2 dengan menggunakan program aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kompetensi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap turnover intention. Disiplin berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap turnover intention. Kenyamanan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap turnover intention.
Multimodal surgical strategy for mixed refractory hypertonia in a patient with cerebral palsy: C1–2 puncture and pectoral pocket for baclofen pump implantation following lumbosacral ventral-dorsal rhizotomy. Illustrative case
Authors: Mukherjee Shreya , Abdelmageed Sunny , Shahin Maryam N. , Raskin Jeffrey S.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Intrathecal baclofen pump (ITBP) therapy has been successfully used to treat hypertonia in children with cerebral palsy (CP) since its Food and Drug Administration approval in 1984. CP affects multiple organ systems, leading to the accumulation of medical access and implantable devices, increasing the medical complexity of these children. The authors present the case of a patient with extreme surgical complexity and review the medical decision-making and surgical details.

OBSERVATIONS

A 16-year-old male with a history of quadriplegic mixed hypertonia secondary to CP presented for ITBP replacement in the setting of pump end of service (EOS). The patient had short bowel syndrome (SBS) and severe scoliosis with a nonhealing costopelvic wound adjacent to the EOS pump. Intrathecal baclofen wean failed due to limited bioavailability from the SBS. The authors performed catheter placement to the skull base via a right C1–2 puncture and pectoral pump pocket creation. Treatment was well tolerated, with no procedural complications.

LESSONS

Surgical complexity prompts creative problem-solving. It is critical to consider the nuances of each patient’s history and body habitus to promote ITBP longevity. The authors present the case of a patient with CP who underwent catheter access via C1–2 puncture and pectoral pocket creation. In this case, surgery was effective, with an uncomplicated postoperative course. Surgeons should not hesitate to consider alternative implantation strategies in similar circumstances.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24427
RuGECToR: rule-based neural network model for russian language grammatical error correction
Authors: Khabutdinov I. А. , Chashchin А. V. , Grabovoy А. V. , Kildyakov А. S. , Chekhovich Y. V.
Published: December 2024

Grammatical Error Correction is one of the core Natural Language Processing tasks. At the moment, the open source state-of-the-art Sequence Tagger for English is GECToR model. For the Russian language, this problem does not have solutions with the same good results due to the lack of labeled datasets, therefore we decided to contribute to the aforementioned task. In this research, we described the process of creating a synthetic dataset and training a model on it. We adapt GECToR architecture for Russian language and call it RuGECToR. We use this architecture because, unlike Sequence-to-Sequence approach, it is easy to interpret and does not require a lot of training data. Our goal was to train the model in such a way that it does not adapt to a specific sample, but generalizes the morphological properties of the language. The presented model achieves an F0.5 of 82.5 on synthetic data and an F0.5 of 22.2 on RULEC dataset which was not in the training set.
Findings of Mating Individuals of the Northern Stone Crab Lithodes maja Linnaeus, 1758 (Decapoda: Lithodidae) in Russian Waters of the Barents Sea
Authors: Rusyaev S. M. , Pavlova L. V. , Zuyev Y. A.
Published: December 2024

Two cases of mating individuals of the northern stone crab Lithodes maja have been recorded from the Russian waters of the Barents Sea. These king crabs were found during diving near the Murman Coast at depths of 7 and 15 m at a water temperature of 5–7°C. The minimum sizes of the mature individuals of this species in carapace width were 104 mm for males and 75 mm for females. The eastern boundary of the breeding range for L. maja in the North Atlantic can be considered as 68.59° N, 33.01° E.